bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the issue of expert evaluation of the effectiveness of social work with migrants in Russia
Authors: Miletsky V. P. , Kovtun E. A. , Yakolenko A. D.
Published: January 2021

The paper presents an analysis of the state of the sphere of social work with migrants and problems in this sphere in Russia through the prism of expert assessments obtained during interviews with employees of government bodies, non-profit organizations, volunteer movements, and scientists. The main difficulties that migrants face during the adaptation are paperwork, access to information, legal and financial difficulties, employment issues.Analysis of the opinions of experts made it possible to identify measures of social work with migrants aimed at raising awareness, legal literacy of foreign citizens, increasing their legal protection, improving access to health care and education, housing, and the labor market, improving the professional skills of migrants and their knowledge of the Russian language, the history and socio-cultural foundations of the life of Russian society.Based on the results of the interview, the recommendations of experts in the field of social work with migrants and the possibility of applying unified social work practices that can improve the effectiveness of the system of social work with migrants and their families in Russia were highlighted. According to experts, integration with the host community allows migrants to adapt faster and more efficiently. In this regard, the role of non-profit organizations (national cultural organizations for the preservation and development of cultures, the House of Friendship of Peoples) that preserve the cultures of peoples and develop a dialogue between them is growing.Experts emphasize that in the sphere of social work, both at the state level and in the work of non-profit organizations, more attention should be paid to the possibility of applying unified practices that can improve the effectiveness of the system of social work with migrants and their families in Russia.
Digitalization and its simulated consequence (based on sociocultural interaction in institutional communication)
Authors: Guseynova I. A.
Published: January 2021

This article attempts to summarize the humanitarian works by domestic and foreign scholars on various aspects of globalization. We conduct a preliminary assessment of the consequences for the institutional environment, intercultural and interlanguage interaction, burdened by a professional component. Digitalization is considered herewith as the main result of globalization processes that implements the “principle of optimality”. Based on the results of scholars' research in the field of humanitarian knowledge, we carried out a content analysis of various types of institutional discourse: marketing, political and educational, on the example of which are shown positive and requiring careful application results of a global turn to digital. As a “symbolic” manifestation of the consequences of global digitalization, relevant for intercultural and interlanguage communication, we put forward hybridization that is implemented at various levels of the language. The article critically analyzes concepts, strategies, and social practices contributing to the digitalization of various types of space: the concept of a “smart city”, image formation strategies, locus branding, practices for creating political identity, etc. Particular attention is paid to the media that help to construct institutional space and form public opinion and the assessment of an event or a phenomenon of surrounding reality. We consider a new type of translation — audiovisual, which has a significant impact on the market of translation services. The latter is due to the increased role of audiovisual content, the use of which allows us to overcome geographical spaces and consolidate various ethnic societies. Particular scientific attention is paid to educational trends. Saturation of the electronic environment with relevant materials largely depends on approaches to training. A benchmark for the formation of universal competence requires a review of a university graduate profile and an assessment of the needs of labour markets. Total digitalization implies the formation of discursive personalities capable of developing an institutional virtual environment taking into account intercultural and interlanguage specifics. The conclusion emphasizes the “many faces” (diversity) of digitalization as a cultural phenomenon.
Anafilaksja indukowana pszenicą zależna od wysiłku fizycznego u pacjentki z alergią krzyżową – opis przypadku
Authors: Tykwińska Marta , Ukleja - Sokołowska Natalia , Zacniewski Robert , Napiórkowska - Baran Katarzyna , Bartuzi Zbigniew
Published: January 2021

Alergia pokarmowa w krajach rozwiniętych stanowi coraz większy problem. Diagnostyka przypadków nadwrażliwości na pokarm u osób dorosłych jest trudna ze względu na niejednokrotnie występujące nietypowe objawy oraz współwystępowanie uczulenia na wiele alergenów. Należy pamiętać o możliwości udziału kofaktorów, które wzmacniają przebieg reakcji alergicznych. Do najczęstszych kofaktorów zaliczamy wysiłek fizyczny, alkohol, estrogeny i niektóre leki, takie jak: niesteroidowe leki przeciwzapalne, inhibitory konwertazy angiotensyny, β-blokery. Anafilaksja indukowana pszenicą zależna od wysiłku fizycznego występuje rzadko, stanowi reakcję zagrażającą życiu spowodowaną pszenicą z towarzyszącym kofaktorem. Głównym alergenem jest białko pszenicy ω-5-gliadyna. Przedstawiamy ciekawy przypadek pacjentki, u której rozpoznano anafilaksję zależną od pszenicy indukowaną wysiłkiem fizycznym oraz zespół alergii jamy ustnej wynikający z alergii krzyżowej.
Segmentasi Tumor Otak Berdasarkan Citra Magnetic Resonance Imaging Dengan Menggunakan Metode U-NET
Authors: Suta Ida Bagus Leo Mahadya , Sudarma Made , Satya Kumara I Nyoman
Published: January 2021

Tumor otak merupakan salah satu penyakit yang mematikan dimana 3.7% per 100.000 pasien mengidap tumor ganas. Untuk menganalisa tumor otak dapat dilakukan melalui segmentasi citra Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Proses analisa citra secara otomatis dibutuhkan untuk menghemat waktu dan meningkatkan akurasi dari diagnosa yang dilakukan. Segmentasi secara otomatis dapat dilakukan dengan deep learning. U-NET merupakan salah satu metode yang digunakan untuk melakukan segmentasi citra medis karena bekerja dapa pixel level. Dengan menerapkan fungsi aktivasi ReLU dan Adam Optimizer, metode ini dapat menyelesaikan permasalahan segmentasi tumor otak. Dataset untuk proses training dan validation menggunakan BRATS 2017. Beberapa hyperparameter diterapkan pada metode ini yaitu, learning rate (lr) = 0.0001, batch size (bz) = 5, epoch = 80 dan beta (  ) = 0.9. Dari serangkaian proses yang dilakukan, akurasi metode U-NET dihitung dengan rumus Dice Coefficient dan menghasilkan nilai akurasi sebagai berikut: 90.22% (Full Tumor), 78.09% (Core Tumor) dan 80.20% (Enhancing Tumor).
Redesain Turbin 175 KW Untuk Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikrohidro (PLTMH) Desa Mekar Sari Buleleng Bali
Authors: Laksana Dewa Putu Ari , Giriantari Ida Ayu Dwi , Satya Kumara I Nyoman
Published: January 2021

Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikrohidro (PLTMH) Mekar Sari Buleleng sudah ada sejak tahun 1980. PLTMH berhubungan 10 kW ini kedaunan antara masalah yang operasi yang tidak optimal. Salah satu disadilah yang ditamparadala h redesain turbin yang sudah berumur tahun. Desain baru turbin crossflow dengan modal 185 kW. Unjuk kerja turbin divalidasi dengan aplikasi pirus Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) dengan simulasi keluaran daya rata-rata turbinnya 175 kW. Salah satu fitur perbaikan yang digunakan pada desain turbin ini adalah desain dari nosel  sehingga daya keluaran turbin dapat dibuat maksimal.
The Differences Level of Resistin between Positive and Negative Helicobacter pylori Gastritis and its Correlation with Nutritional Status
Authors: Satuti Widya Deli , Siregar Gontar Alamsyah , Lindarto Dharma , Rey Imelda
Published: January 2021

Background: H. pylori gastritis can be related to people with obesity and metabolic syndrome. The mechanism underlying the relationship between them is suspected to be caused by adipocytokine called resistin. Objective: to analyze the difference level of resistin between positive and negative H. pylori gastritis patients and their relationship with nutritional status.Method: This cross sectional study was done in the Gastroenterology department of General Hospital Adam Malik, Medan, from May to October 2019. Patients with gastritis diagnosed by endoscopy underwent rapid urease test (RUT), resistin, albumin, hemoglobin tests, also body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were measured.Results: Sixty gastritis patients found by endoscopic examination, 29 (48.33%) was H. pylori positive and 31 (51.67%) was negative. No significant differences were found between BMI, WC, and albumin against H. pylori gastritis with p values 0.099, 0.055, and 0.528, respectively. Hemoglobin was found significant with a p 0.009. The mean resistin in the positive H. pylori group was 7.62 ng/ml while the negative was 3.23 ng/ml, and statistically significant (p 0.001). There was a strong positive correlation between resistin levels with BMI and WC (BMI p 0.01, r 0.577; WC p 0.001, r 0.592).Conclusion: Resistin levels in gastritis with H. pylori positive are higher than H. pylori negative, body mass index and waist circumference have a strong relationship with resistin levels in patients with positive H. pylori gastritis, hemoglobin is lower in H. pylori positive than negative gastritis.
The Role of GERD Questionnaire (GERD-Q) for Reflux Esophagitis
Authors: Renaldi Kaka
Published: January 2021

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The Association between Interleukin-6 and Mean Platelet Volume Levels in Central Obesity with or without Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Rotty Linda , Tendean Nelly , Lestari Nancy , Adiwinata Randy
Published: January 2021

Background: Obesity had become a global problem today. Obesity is a significant risk factor of cardiovascular and other metabolic diseases such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). It remains unclear if the increased mean platelet volume (MPV) at the steatosis state is practicable as early detection of the occurrence of fatty liver in individuals with central obesity. This study aims to determine the association of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and MPV levels in central obesity with or without NAFLD.Method: This study was descriptive-analytic with a cross-sectional approach conducted in Prof. dr. R. D. Kandou Manado general hospital from May to July 2018. Consecutive sampling was performed based on inclusion criteria, then IL-6, MPV, and abdominal ultrasound examinations were performed.Results: This study included 40 samples of men with central obesity, 28 people (70%) among them were diagnosed with NAFLD. The Fisher exact test showed an association between NAFLD and an increase in IL-6 (p = 0.039), also between MPV and NAFLD (p=0.015). Pearson correlation test showed there was no significant correlation between IL-6 and MPV in the NAFLD sample group (p = 0.084; r -0.332) and in the non-NAFLD sample group (p = 0.564; r -0.186).Conclusion: Elevated MPV and IL-6 values may be used as marker for NAFLD presence among central obesity patients.
Constipation in Elderly Population and Its Appropriate Management
Authors: Kurniawan Alvin Hartanto , Kholili Ulfa , Widajanti Novira
Published: January 2021

Constipation is a gastrointestinal disorder commonly found in the community, especially in the elderly with various comorbidities. This problem culminates with the increasing incidence along with aging, increasing therapeutic cost, and decreasing the quality of life in this population. Some of the underlying causes are the difference in the terminology of constipation, shallow understanding of its pathophysiology, and poor management. The pathophysiology, including slow transit constipation, dyssynergic defecation, and normal transit constipation, is the most critical foundation in managing constipation accordingly. Diagnostic approaches should be made by history taking, including complaints based on Rome III, lifestyle, contributing factors, past medical history, and medications. Physical examination is considered incomplete without rectal examination. Thorough history taking and comprehensive physical examination have more diagnostic value than additional physiological workup. Management of constipation consists of non-pharmacological and pharmacological approaches, such as conventional laxative or more recent agents with better efficacy. Therapeutical management should correspond to the underlying pathophysiology. Therefore it is important to be able to recognize constipation and make the right management approach in the elderly.
Iron Deficiency Anemia as The Only Manifestation of Colon Cancer in Male Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Rajabto Wulyo , Sakti Pandu Tridana , Kevinsyah Andi Putra
Published: January 2021

Iron deficiency anemia can be the first manifestation of colon cancer. However, iron deficiency anemia is also common in other benign conditions, which may cause a longer delay for referral decisions to get a definitive diagnosis. This is a case of 40-year-old male patient who had only iron deficiency anemia as a manifestation of colon cancer. Colonoscopy revealed intraluminal mass in transverse colon. After resection of the tumor, histopathology showed well-differentiated mucinous adenocarcinoma, invasion of sub-serous, and one node positive (pT3pN1pM0). After resection, we administered XELOX as adjuvant chemotherapy every 3 weeks for 8 cycles.
Przełamywanie systemowej izolacji...: środkowosłowiańskie dydaktyki literatury i języków ojczystych
Authors: Pieniążek Marek
Published: January 2021

This paper focuses on policy of mother tongue education in Slavonic countries like the Czech Republic, Serbia, Slovakia and Poland. The presented article covers mainly issues concerning language policy in the context of teaching of national languages. The comparison shows that the common history of Slavs and socio-geographical factors don’t play important role in planning of the L1 Slavonic educational systems. The analysis reveals also the lack of interdependence between the Slavonic national curriculum. That is why the author proposes new direction in comparative studies to include the mother tongue education in the process of building the regional, cultural and economic community of the Slavs.
Како предајемо прагматику и језичку учтивост... будућим учитељима и васпитачима
Authors: Милосављевић Бојана
Published: January 2021

У раду се, након краћег осврта на одређење прагматике и језичке учтивости, као јед- не од њених предметних области, указује на издвојене приступе у подучавању праг- матике – на индиректни и директни приступ. Уочава се да је индиректни приступ заступљен у нашим наставним програмима за основну и средњу школу. Главни део рада доноси концепцију наставе прагматике и језичке учтивости у оквиру предмета Форме учтивости у српском језику и на том месту се представља и један од начина мо- деловања часа који користимо у нашој наставној пракси, а који подржава директни приступ у подучавању прагматике и учтивости.
Miejsce Ogniem i mieczem w szkole ponadpodstawowej
Authors: Żółtowski Dariusz
Published: January 2021

The article is a monographic view of the With Fire and Sword (Ogniem i mieczem) by Henryk Sienkiewicz. The paper presents interpretive contexts for use in high school. In addition, the author encourages teachers of Polish to discuss the work of Henryk Sienkiewicz using modern methodologies. At the same time, it shows an extensive historical and literary superstructure.
GC-MS and FTIR analysis of methanolic leaf extract of Rhynchosia minima (L.) DC.
Authors: Patil Vilas T. , Jadhav Varsha D.
Published: January 2021

The current analysis was carried out to determine the chemical components in the leaves of R. minima (L.) DC. The GC-MS analysis of methanolic leaves extract of R. Minima indicated the presence of 19 compounds. The prevailing compounds of R. minima leaves were 1Pentadecene (14.31), alpha. Bisabolol (10.39%), 1Heptadecene (9.78%), Cyclohexene,4 (1,5dimethyl1,4hexadienyl (7.06%), 3Hexadecene (Z) (8.10%), Caryophyllene (6.58%), Neophytadiene (5.16%), Humulene (1.91%), Naphthalene,1,2,3,5,6,8 a-hexahydro-4,7-dimethyl (3.72%), Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (2.09%), Pentadecanone (3.13%), 8-Octadecanone (4.02%),1-Nonadecene (4.16%), Spiro[4.5]dec-6-en-8-one,1,7-dimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl (2.97%), Neophytadiene (2.24%),(E)-. beta.-Famesene (1.92%), Cyclohexene,4-[(1E)-1,5-dimethyl-1,4-hexadien (1.80%), Cyclohexane,octyl (1.45%), beta Bisabolene (9.21%). These compounds have antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, hemolytic, insecticidal, and lubricant activity. Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy (FTIR) leaf anlysis of R. minima shows lipid, protein, phosphate ion, carboxylic acid, hydroxy compound, aliphatic bromo compounds. The present study revealed that R. minima leaves represent various types of bioactive compounds. 1-Heptadecene with antibiotic activity, 8-Octadecanone shows antimicrobial activity and hexadecanoic acid, nematicide, antibiotic, antioxidant, hypocholesterolemic production of methyl ester.
Uso de mascarillas en tiempos de COVID-19: Algunas manifestaciones en la piel del personal de la salud
Authors: González-Payares María , Ustaris-Sierra Alan , Cadavid-Peña Julián
Published: January 2021

Gracias al rápido desarrollo de la pandemia por COVID-19, muchos profesionales de la salud han presentado lesiones de piel en sus rostros debido al uso prolongado de equipos de protección personal, hasta la fecha se han descrito cinco formas o presentaciones clínicas de lesiones faciales: pseudo-sabañones, brotes vesiculares, lesiones urticariales, brote maculopapular y necrosis o livedo. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica no sistemática basado en la búsqueda de artículos utilizando las palabras de filtro "Dermatología, Piel, EPP, mascarillas y COVID-19”, en las bases de datos electrónicas Redalyc, Dialnet, Google Académico y Scielo. Las lesiones por presión relacionadas con dispositivos médicos son producidas como resultado de una presión de mayor intensidad en áreas pequeñas, o una presión de menor intensidad, pero de larga duración, en áreas más grandes, en combinación con fricción y cizallamiento. Para lo que se han planteado una serie de medidas que se clasifican en básicas y específicas.
Sistemas de acondicionamiento de aire y ventilación como foco infeccioso de SARS CoV-2 en hospitales, clínicas e instituciones de salud
Authors: Fong-Silva Waldyr , Severiche-Sierra Carlos , Fong-Amarís Wendy
Published: January 2021

En el presente trabajo se hace un análisis de la forma como los sistemas de acondicionamiento de aire, calefacción y ventilación se convierten en posibles focos infecciosos de transmisión del Sars Cov-2 debido a los ventiladores internos con los que cuentan y que generan la corriente de aire forzada que refresca, calienta o ventila el recinto o habitación. También se prsentan 4 elementos sobre los cuales se deben hacer las auditorías en hospitales y centros de salud para que no se conviertan en fuentes infecciosas, como lo son: a) diseño de condiciones ambientales según los criterios de Ashrae 170-2013, Ashrae 55; b) ventilación adecuada del recinto según los criterios de Ashrae 62; c) renovación y suministro de aire fresco exterior hacia los recintos según criterios de la norma Ashrae 62 y DIN 1946; d) requerimientos mínimos de diseño de los sistemas de filtración de este tipo de dispositivos según criterios de la norma  EN 1822:2009 e ISO 29463. Se concluye que los sistemas de calefacción, ventilación y aire acondicionado, ocasionan la movilidad de núcleos de gotas y gotitas respiratorias en el ambiente convirtiéndose en fuente primaria de transmisión del Sars Cov-2 y que para evitarlo, se hace necesario utilizar sistemas de tratamiento de aire que posean filtros de alta eficiencia HEPA y en lo posible utilicen cámaras germicidas con luz ultravioleta.
Caracterización de la cultura innovativa en la cooperación universidad-empresa
Authors: Cohen-Granados Jonathan , Linares-Morales José , Briceño-Ariza Leonar
Published: January 2021

El objetivo del presente artículo es caracterizar la cultura innovativa en los procesos de cooperación universidad-empresa del Departamento del Magdalena, Colombia. La investigación es de tipo descriptiva, con un diseño no experimental, transeccional y de campo; la población y muestra está constituida por 13 sujetos responsables de los procesos de cooperación universidad-empresa y cultura innovativa de la Universidad del Magdalena. Se empleó la encuesta como técnica y el cuestionario como instrumento de recolección de datos, constituido por 21 ítems bajo una escala tipo Likert, con cinco alternativas de respuesta. Fue validado por 5 expertos y calculada  su confiabilidad en 0,87 según coeficiente  alfa de Cronbach. En los resultados las medias aritméticas muestran una muy alta presencia de los indicadores correspondientes a los factores asociados a la cultura innovativa en la universidad. Se concluye que en la Universidad del Magdalena están dadas las condiciones para apalancar desde la cultura innovativa estrategias que permitan implementar ecosistemas de innovación que propendan la cooperación universidad-empresa y la articulación entre los diferentes actores sociales.
Tipos de marketing en comercios textiles de la Guajira Colombiana
Authors: Quintero-Ramos Meudis , Cárdenas-Fragozo Norelys
Published: January 2021

Se buscó establecer los  tipos de  marketing, en  los comerciantes del sector de ropa en el municipio de Maicao, norte de Colombia. La presente investigación se enmarcó dentro de un enfoque positivista, diseño de campo, no experimental, transeccional, descriptivo. Así mismo, se realizó un censo poblacional con sesenta y tres (63) sujetos, sector Cacaíto y sector el Triángulo del municipio de Maicao. Se realizó una encuesta, con alternativas de respuesta tipo escala Likert las cuales se le asignó una valoración numérica de uno (1) a cinco (5) según el escalamiento representado de la siguiente manera: Siempre (5); Casi Siempre (4); Algunas Veces (3); Casi Nunca (2) y Nunca (1). Se concluye que los tipos de marketing comercial, social y de causa  generan rentabilidades en las ventas de prendas de vestir, satisfaciendo a clientes y sus diferentes entornos.
Implementasi Load Balancing Dengan Algoritma Penjadwalan Weighted Round Robin Dalam Mengatasi Beban Webserver
Authors: Hanafiah Anggi
Published: January 2021

Dalam kehidupan sehari-hari semua orang tidak terlepas dari berbagai macam informasi, terutama informasi yang dihasilkan dari sebuah website. Selain dari pemrograman yang handal, resource yang lain seperti webserver juga sangat perlu diperhatikan agar website dapat berjalan dengan baik. Seiring meningkatnya kebutuhan konten dan pengunjung website, maka website sering mengalami crash atau request yang overload. Hal ini dikarenakan masih menerapkan single server untuk menangani website tersebut. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, perlu diterapkan sebuah load balance cluster, dimana beban kerja webserver tersebut dapat didistribusikan ke beberapa node cluster. Algoritma penjadwalan weighted round robin merupakan salah algoritma penjadwalan dimana beban kerja server dapat berjalan seimbang dengan cara memberikan jumlah bobot ke masing-masing node cluster.
Antipsychotic Drug Induced Tardive Dyskinesia
Authors: Gopika S Kumar  , Divya V Nair  , Remya Raghu  , Arun K
Published: January 2021

A typical antipsychotics are at a lower risk of developing extra-pyramidal symptoms (EPS). But now, atypical antipsychotics are increasingly being associated with neurological side effects such as tardive dyskinesia, tardive dystonia, akinesia, parkinsonism, akathisia, bradykinesia, tremor etc. in which one of the major cases reported is Olanzapine induced tardive dyskinesia (TD). Schooler and Kane criteria is used for diagnosing tardive dyskinesia. Many cases have been published on this particular drug-induced side effect. In many instances tardive dyskinesia is misdiagnosed as tardive dystonia. Here we report the case of tardive dyskinesia associated with the use of antipsychotic drugs in a 50-year-old adult male suffering from persistent delusional disorder in a tertiary health care centre in India. The patient was on Olanzapine therapy for more than 2 years. Upon recurrent episodes of somatic delusions, Olanzapine dose was increased. When the patient developed symptoms of TD, the dose of Olanzapine was de-escalated. Even though the drug dose was reduced, the symptoms persisted which lead to the diagnosis of olanzapine induced TD. Based on this, Olanzapine was stopped and Clozapine treatment was initiated. On follow up, the patient was found to be relieved of the symptoms and complete recovery was achieved after 2 months of clozapine treatment.
Awareness about Eye Donation among Medical Students
Authors: Pooja B  , Dheepak Sundar M
Published: January 2021

To assess the awareness about eye donation among undergraduate medical students. A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out among 400 medical students studying in a tertiary medical college/hospital located in Tamil Nadu. The study tool used was a semi-structured google form questionnaire designed for assessing the awareness about eye donation among medical students. It was observed that the majority of the students (99.4%) of the students were aware of eye donation. Media has been the primary source for this awareness. The cornea is the part of the eye used for transplantation, and only 238(59.6%) knew about this The identity of the donor. The recipient will be kept confidential, and also the donors family will not be charged any money for the donation, but only 54% of the students were aware of this fact. Though the awareness was high, only 206(51.60%) were willing to pledge their eyes for donation. The study highlights the importance of educating medical students about eye donation as they play a significant role in helping the public in clarifying misconceptions and also increase the eye donation rates. The importance of consent over the telephone has also been emphasized in this study. Media can be used as a powerful tool in creating appropriate advertisements through television, newspapers, billboards and social media, which will be helpful.
Oesophagal foreign Bodies Ingestion: Experience of 109 Cases
Authors: Firas Shaker Mahmoud Al-Faham  , Samer Makki Mohamed Al-Hakkak  , Laith Fathi F. Sharba
Published: January 2021

Esophageal foreign bodies ingestion is a worldwide surgical issue in pediatric age group while less likely in adults. We estimate endoscopic, clinical and therapeutic sides of this situation in the surgical department in Al-Hussein Teaching Hospital, Karbala city, Iraq and in Al-Sader Medical City, Najaf city, Iraq. The study made to revise our experience for all patients admitted to our hospitals with a diagnosis of oesophagal foreign bodies and their treatments and outcome. The medical registrations resolved concerning demographic information, symptoms presented, investigation and treatments. We revised 109 (61 males and 48 females) patients ranged from 4 months to 65 years with (median age of 2 years). Coins most repeatedly ingested objects (27.5%), miscellaneous metal objects (17.4%), batteries (13.8%) and food (9.2%). The clinical features we encountered vomiting (27.5%), dysphagia (22.9%), asymptomatic (15.6%), drooling and food refusal (12.8 %) and foreign body sensation (8.3%). Usually X-ray screen finding the foreign body in 89(81%) patients. Magill forceps and rigid oesophagoscope performed within six hours from admission under general anaesthesia and from 12-48 from time of ingestion. Foreign body Impaction in the hypopharynx and the upper part of the oesophagus (68.8%) middle part (23%) and the lower part (8.2 %).100(91.7%) patients recovered completely without any complications,9 (18.3%) patient get bleeding, mucosal ulceration and infection which treated successfully.
Acute Ischemic Stroke Due to Paradoxical Embolism from Spontaneous Thrombosis of Large Varicosity – A Case Report
Authors: Jiya Marium George  , Sheen Reynold  , Vivek Nambiar
Published: January 2021

Paradoxical embolism can have different kinds of manifestation, with cerebrovascular accidents being the most commonly reported. Several studies have proposed that Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO) is a major risk factor for cryptogenic stroke and the mechanism is assumed to be paradoxical embolism. PFO occurs when the foramen ovale fails to close after the birth and a hole is developed between left and right atria. Many cases of embolism through PFO in patients with Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) and in patients who received sclerotherapy for varicose vein have been reported. But we present a rare case of spontaneous thrombosis through PFO and associated stroke in a patient with no other significant risk factor than a varicosity in the lower limb. The PFO can act as the conduit for the clot. Many a times, the causes of the stroke like paradoxical embolism may be overseen. In this case, the Trans Esophageal Echocardiography (TEE) confirmed the presence of PFO and clinical examination and doppler of the lower limb revealed the presence of enlarged varicosities. Hence, thorough workups are needed to confirm the etiology and prevent further strokes, especially in the young patients. Also, to avoid such risk, any atrial septal defects must be repaired as early as possible.
The Predictive Power of Low T3 Levels among ICU Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Kerala
Authors: Nandu Baby P  , Ramesh V
Published: January 2021

Just a few studies recorded that low thyroid hormones are independent mortality predictors in ICU-admitted patients, indicating the use of thyroid profile in mortality prediction scoring systems. A spectrum of improvements occurs in ICU patients, beginning with low triiodothyronine (T3) accompanied by low thyroxine (T4) and low thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. To evaluate whether low T3 levels were responsible for increased mortality among ICU patients in a tertiary care hospital. This is a prospective, observational and interventional study carried on 200 ICU admitted patients aged 30-70 years. The study subjects were categorized into two groups- survivors and non-survivors. Our study results revealed that non-survivors had less T3, less T4, less TSH, more HbA1c indicating that low thyroid levels are playing one of the crucial roles in determining the mortality rate in critically ill patients. Further, we found that the treatment with T4 alone was ineffective while replacement therapy, including T3, proved effective leading to significant clinical improvement. Low T3 syndrome has a significant effect on the mortality rate of critically ill patients. However, a further larger sample of patients should be evaluated to draw more reliable conclusions on Low T3 levels among ICU patients.
„Hin sinkt der Wall, der alte Schutz, es fallen seine Stützen”. Ryska twierdza w XVI–XIX w. i jej defortyfikacja w 1857 r.
Authors: Zabłocka‑Kos Agnieszka
Published: January 2021

The following article presents the issue of the fortification of Riga and associated plans of the suburbs in the 17th and 18th centuries (plans of Johann van Rodenburg and Rudolf Friedrich Härbel), as well as the projects of the transformation of the former fortification zones in the 19th century. Additionally, the paper covers the question of an unknown plan of Riga from 1843. In 1812, as a result of an intentional arson during the Russian campaign, the suburbs were completely destroyed. This prompted Filippo Paulucci to create a new plan that, among others, carefully delineated the transformation of the glacis into a wide esplanade. In 1856, after the Crimean War, a decision was made to de-fortify the city. In November 1857, in a very solemn manner, the process of Riga’s defortification began. Torch -bearing citizens participated in marches across the city, taking part in concerts and collective singing; during all these festivities, the city was brightly illuminated. This event was an amalgamation of solemn state celebrations and a folk, carnival-like fiesta. Celebrations connected with the process of Riga’s defortification belong to a small group of defortifications in European cities celebrated so uproariously.

In early 1857, the architect Johann Daniel Felsko created a remarkably interesting plan developing the former fortification grounds, as well as a new idea of the spatial development of the city. Felsko used the modern division into functional zones: the trading-communication zone (port, depots, railway station, and ‘gostiny dvor’ (‘merchant yard’) and the stately-park zone (palaces, elegant revenue houses, public buildings), which, at that time, was still a great rarity. The conception utilized in Riga definitely overtook the ideas for the Vienna Ring Road (the second half of 1857). In my opinion, Felsko’s idea shares the most similarities with the former fortification zones in Frankfurt am Main, which were reclaimed in 1806. However, his plan was never faithfully realized.

Out of numerous projects concerning the esplanade and promenade on the grounds of the former glacis, in the second half of the 19th century, there emerged one of the most interesting and beautiful European promenade complexes. Some of the first public buildings were the Riga-Daugavpils Railway Station and the theatre; later, school buildings, the Riga Technical University, and numerous palaces and houses were erected there. In the early 20th century, Riga was the third biggest and industrially developed city east of the Oder, reaching the population of over 470,000 citizens in 1913, following Warsaw and Wrocław. Its spatial development ideas, created in the 19th century, were then fully implemented.
Aplicación del coeficiente de confiabilidad de Kuder Richardson en una escala para la revisión y prevención de los efectos de las rutinas
Authors: Durán Pérez Fernanda Belen , Lara Abad Gabriel Eduardo
Published: January 2021

La confiabilidad es y ha sido sin duda, uno de los temas más álgidos para la psicología, que, si bien ha ido tomando de varios saberes y procesos formales desde la matemática y la estadística todo lo necesario para poder desarrollar instrumentos con un nivel de acercamiento a las demandas actuales, suelen presentarse  diversas trabas. La consistencia interna se refiere al grado del proyecto y a través del cuál, la escala está interrelacionada consigo misma. La fórmula de cálculo para la consistencia interna es La fórmula de Kuder-Richardson, de la escala dicotómica o escalograma Guttman  y El Alfa de Cronbach se utiliza para escalas de respuestas múltiples. Considerar la consistencia interna si oscila entre 0,70 y 0,90, es aceptable. Determina la consistencia de la escala requiere de 5 a 20 participantes. Para cada artículo. La consistencia interna del instrumento varía según la población al aplicarlo, siempre es necesario indicar el valor cada vez que se presenta una nueva solicitud.
A METHODOLOGY FOR REDUCING ENERGY UTILIZATION IN DENSE WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS
Authors: Kumar Senthil , Prabhu Boselin , Rajkumar  , Sophia S.
Published: January 2021

The development of wireless sensor networks was motivated by military applications such as battlefield surveillance; today such networks are used in many industrial and consumer applications, such as industrial process monitoring and control, machine health monitoring, and so on. Wireless sensor Networks (WSNs), is one of the most rapidly growing scientific domain. This is because of the development of advanced sensor nodes with extremely low cost and the potential application of such sensor nodes are ever growing. One of the characteristic feature of WSNs compared to the traditional wireless communication networks, is the power awareness, due to the fact that the batteries of the sensor nodes have restricted lifetime and are difficult to be replaced. This is why we focus on power awareness, while the traditional wireless networks mainly focuses on the QOS. A typical sensor node consumes most of its energy during communication. However, energy expenditure takes place while performing sensing and data processing too.  This work suggests the development of an advanced hierarchical routing technique, which gives improved performance over the existing techniques. Power consumption is highly reduced, thereby greatly reducing the cost of network and hence the lifetime of nodes can be greatly improved.
Social Entrepreneurship in Pakistan: Challenges and Prospects
Authors: Qamar Urooj , Ansari Nighat , Tanveer Fatima , Qamar Nida
Published: January 2021

Social Entrepreneurship (SE) benefits the society by helping to achieve social and economic goals. SE is receiving scholarly attention around the globe but its development is still moderate in Pakistan. Despite the growing trend, the dominant focus of scholars remains the ideological debate about the meaning and definition of SE. Such an approach inhibits the exploration of its other facets. Casting the gap in literature, this paper aims to find out the challenges and prospects that social entrepreneurs face in their journey, specifically in Pakistan. Keeping in view the emerging importance of this sector, this study discusses the findings of 14 in-depth semi-structured interviews conducted with leading social entrepreneurs, practitioners and academicians related to the field to understand the phenomenon at hand. Drawing upon the findings of the study, useful insights have been put forth as its theoretical contribution. Moreover, local and national government can benefit from the findings to enhance consciousness regarding the fourth sector of the economy, eventually augmenting the available social capital.
Development of a Dynamic Model of Quality Control Circles: A Case of ABC Packaging Company
Authors: Yusuf Ijaz , Azhar Tahsfeen Mehmood
Published: January 2021

Quality control circles are considered an effective tool in the organization to best utilize the potential of the workforce. The objective behind using quality control circles is to use employees’ brains to generate savings and create an impact on the bottom-line of the company. The framework of the quality control circles shown in Table 2 proposed the structured seven steps strategy to use the workforce's potential for continuous improvement in the organization. Companies confront multi-faceted issues and challenges in the operational processes and corporate excellence thus mainly depends upon the effective and efficient quality controls to overcome the product, process, machine, and material related issues that hamper the production efficiency, quality of the product, and overall productivity of the company. This paper attempts to develop the system dynamics model of quality control circles based on normalized data of the case company. Participation in quality control circles is voluntary in nature and passion to learn and improve is the intrinsic motivation for employees and organizations to join these circles. Employee involvement to participate and produce creative ideas in these circles is the key to the success of these quality-enhancing programs (Jerman et al. 2019) and model outcome depicts the same story. The quality control circle model indicates that a set of inter-related and interdependent skills and behaviors are a necessary condition to increase participation in the quality control circles and productivity of projects under consideration. The computer-based software STELLA is used for programming the model of quality control circles using the generic structures of the company under study. Underlying feedback structures and interactions among various variables makes the model closer to the real-life setting.
Impact of Organizational Virtuousness on Workplace Spirituality with the Mediating Role of Perceived Organizational Support
Authors: Naseem Rabia , Akhtar Quratulain , Akram Mamoona
Published: January 2021

This paper aims to analyze the relationship between organizational virtuousness and workplace spirituality with the mediating role of perceived organizational support. Data was collected from 250 employees working in the telecommunication sector of Pakistan through a questionnaire. Data was analyzed using Hayes’ PROCESS macro (a statistical technique). The study reported a statistically significant relationship between organizational virtuousness and workplace spirituality and also proved perceived organizational support as a partial mediator between these two variables. The findings make an important contribution to the literature available on positive psychology / organizational behavior, especially positive organizational scholarship (POS). The findings also suggest the organizations to adopt practices and procedures that help to create a climate of virtuousness.
Incidencia de los factores personales, ambientales, y de interacción social en la deserción escolar en educación a distancia – virtual
Authors: Vivanco-Saraguro Angel
Published: January 2021

La deserción escolar es, probablemente, el mayor problema que afecta a los sistemas de educación a distancia – virtual. Por ello, estudios contemporáneos mencionan que es necesario investigar con sentido crítico los factores que generan esta problemática. En este sentido, en el programa del Bachillerato a Distancia – Virtual de la Unidad Educativa Juan Montalvo de la ciudad de Quito, como unidad comprometida con la educación de personas jóvenes y adultas con escolaridad inconclusa, se planteó como objetivo evaluar la incidencia de los factores personales, ambientales, y de interacción social en la deserción escolar de este programa. El estudio se desarrolló bajo un enfoque cuantitativo de corte correlacional, y para el levantamiento de la información se aplicó un cuestionario en línea a estudiantes de primer y tercer año de Bachillerato General Unificado. El análisis de los resultados se realizó con el 5% de error, y se aplicó la prueba Chi-Cuadrado para determinar la independencia o correlación entre las variables. Los resultados indicaron que la mayoría de los factores personales y ambientales no inciden de manera significativa en la deserción escolar. Mientras que, los factores de interacción social, en su mayoría, demostraron incidir significativamente en la decisión de desertar o abandonar los estudios.
Ujian Akhir Madrasah Berbasis Android: Inovasi Mengatasi Minimnya Media Komputer MIN 1 Lebong
Authors: Agustina Yunsi Reva , Fakhruddin Fakhruddin , Istan Muhammad
Published: January 2021

This study sought to find a depiction of innovation made by the principal and teachers at MIN 1 Lebong concerning the madrasah’s final exams academic year 2018/2019, amid the lack of media, by replacing the Computer-based madrasah’s final exams (UAMBK) to Android-based madrasah’s final exams (UAMBA). Thus, it called for an in-depth study to see its implementation. This study employed a qualitative approach. The data were collected through observation, interview, and documentation techniques, and the data were subsequently analyzed using Miles, Haberman, and Saldana’ version of analysis, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusion. This study concluded that the implementation of Android-based final exams, or the so-called UAMBA, was considered quite effective and efficient because it had several advantages including saving more budgets, being able to minimize the delay of UAM test packages, minimizing the occurrence of cheating during exams, making it easier for students, and making the exam results capably known quickly because the manual implementation of national exams was costly, wherein it demanded budgets for printing national exam packages and distributing those national exam packages.
Strategi Penguatan Moral Siswa di Sekolah (Study Deskriptif Tentang Penguatan Nilai Moral Siswa Melalui Program Sekolah di SDN 4 Cakranegara Mataram)
Authors: Sutisna Deni , Anar Ashar Pajarungi , Indraswati Dyah , Nursaptini Nursaptini , Widodo Arif
Published: January 2021

This study aims to examine how strategies to strengthen student morale through school programs. In analyzing the problem, this study used a descriptive method with observation, interview and documentation study techniques. Some of the findings obtained from the research show that students' moral strengthening strategies are implemented in several aspects; first on the vision and mission of the school where the school sets the vision and mission and goals of the school that imply the values of faith, piety and religion in order to strengthen student morale, secondly in activities both in activities within the school environment or activities outside the school environment related to activities religious values in order to increase religious value, the third application of teacher exemplary aims to provide good moral examples for students so that students learn from existing models, namely teachers, fourth on school facilities and infrastructure, fifth on school rules arranged based on vision mission and school objectives. The results of the research show that this strategy is quite successful in strengthening student morale. There are several findings that can hinder the success of the application of students' moral values, such as: the number of students who are not balanced with the number of classes, the number of teachers who are less than ideal, the utilization of facilities is not optimal, the lack of commitment of the school community, especially the lack of cooperation between parents in strengthening efforts. student morale
Anti-NMDAR encephalitis in 10-year-old girl
Authors: Suwarba I Gusti Ngurah Made
Published: January 2021

Anti-NMDAR encephalitis is a central nervous system (CNS) disease involving dysfunction of the autoimmune system. Anti-NMDAR encephalitis is an immune-mediated disease characterized by a complex neuropsychiatric syndrome and the presence of CSF antibodies against the GluN1 subunit of the NMDAR. The diagnosis was by history taking, physical examination, and antibody NMDAR for definitive diagnosis. Principal management is starting therapy earlier may lead to better outcomes. A 10-year-old girl was admitted to Sanglah Hospital, with a complaint of seizure with the characteristic of the seizure was head-turning to the left side then continue to stiff extremities and body, involved stiffening and jerking, both eyes glared up, and unconscious. A Head CT scan showed no signs of hemorrhage, intracerebral or intracerebellar space-occupying lesion, hypertrophy chance nasal inferior bilateral, blurring in grey-white matter junction regio right parietal lobus with narrowing of right lateral ventricle, suspected right hemisphere edema. MRA showed no signs of the infarct, hemorrhage, or space-occupying lesion, with normal anterior and posterior arterial cerebri system. Anti-NMDAR serum was positive. The patient was treated with high-dose methylprednisolone and planned to get cyclophosphamide. Anti-NMDAR encephalitis is a disease with the challenging diagnosis of neuropsychiatric syndrome in children.