bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Plurimodal Approach in Music Therapy
Authors: Schapira Diego , Hugo Mayra
Published: November 2014

We will discuss the Plurimodal Approach in Music Therapy, which we have been developing and using for several years. This approach is currently taught as a graduate course at the University of Buenos Aires (Argentina) and it has been utilized in other Latin American countries such as Uruguay, Chile, Peru, Colombia, México, and Brazil. We have studied different music therapy theories and we realize there are important connections between them. We try to build bridges between different theoretical lines that allow us to work better with a larger theoretical basis to support our actions with our clients.
Some Considerations for Further Development of Music Therapy in Korea
Authors: Chong Hyun Ju
Published: November 2014

The development of music therapy in Korea has been rapid as any other nation in Asia. Music therapy curriculum was first established in 1997 at the graduate level, and the educational and clinical trainings have become strong. Among many reasons, the main one is that the trained music therapist from U.S., Europe, and Australia have returned, contributed their expertise and incorporated insightful ideas to the music therapy program.
Music therapy is an attractive field, with lots of spot light and vision. However, music therapists should work out some of the intra-discipline issues on the professional and educational/training, in order to facilitate further development of music therapy. Among many issues, I would like to articulate a few.
Parents' Voices Supporting Music Therapy within Pediatric Palliative Care
Authors: Lindenfelser Kathryn
Published: November 2014

It has been my experience that parents are willing and open to express their voices to promote and advocate for music therapy services for their terminally ill children. By listening to parents' voices when providing care for terminally ill children, much can be done to ease the suffering of children and families at the end of life (Widger & Wilkins, 2004). My music therapy masters research at the University of Melbourne with Dr. Katrina McFerran will investigate bereaved parents' experiences of music therapy with their terminally ill child. This inquiry unfolded through my music therapy work with several children and families within hospice and palliative care. Parents have reflected that music therapy was a vital component in their child's care at the end of life. As one mom commented, "I don't care what anyone says, it has made a world of a difference." In order to further explore parents' experiences of music therapy, in-depth interviews will be conducted and transcripts will be analyzed using phenomenological strategies. It has been reported that parents find the interview process helpful in working through grief. They have also reported feeling an overall eagerness to share their child's story in order to provide input that might assist other families in the future (Widger & Wilkins, 2004). This article will describe pediatric palliative and hospice care, discuss parents as advocates for their terminally ill children, portray the use of music therapy within pediatrics, and share an example of music therapy with Jack.
Familiarity, Comfortableness and Predictability of Song as "Holding Environment" for Mothers of Premature Babies
Authors: Barcellos Lia Rejane Mendes
Published: November 2014

This paper results from my insertion into a research team which studies "The Music Therapy Influence on Exclusive Breastfeeding", led by the Music Therapist Martha Negreiros, at the Maternity School of Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - Brazil. As music therapy supervisor it was possible for me to take part in one session of the clinical practice with mothers of premature babies, and to think about familiarity and predictability of songs - which result in comfort - as characteristics which contribute to uphold the mothers who need to be stronger to support their babies. These ideas are discussed based on Adorno (1989), Middleton (1990) and Carvalho's (1999) thoughts. The final considerations pointed out that the popular song re-creation is an important musical experience for this kind of patient, and the lullabies re-creation constitutes the most adequate music therapy technique to be employed with these mothers.
Therapeutic Choir - A Music Therapist Looks at the New Millenium Elderly
Authors: Zanini Claudia Regina de Oliveira , Leao Eliane
Published: November 2014

This paper is the result of qualitative Music Therapy research in Gerontology. It introduces a new concept, - the therapeutic choir - a therapeutic activity conducted by music therapists for the elderly. Data collection was carried out through such instruments as music therapeutic forms, session reports, audio recordings of sessions (later transcribed), footage, final statements (by the majority of participants) and the transcribed and videotaped interviews of ten participants. A written consent was obtained from the group of participants for the entire process of data collection. Another object of analysis consisted of a video of the last session, which was later shown to three professionals pertaining to different areas. Data analysis was based on the phenomenological paradigm and the participants' profile was quantitatively treated. After the analysis process, three essences emerged from the studied element: singing is a means for both self-expression and self- fulfilment; songs reveal the subjectivity/inner existentiality of the being; and finally, the being's self-confidence instills in the participants of the therapeutic choir expectations about the future. Final considerations indicate that the concept of therapeutic choir may be enlarged and extended to other skilled areas. Finally, it was concluded that when dealing with the elderly, the music therapist should reflect deeply on themes related to life and death, in addition to rethinking his/her relationship with time's multiple faces.
On Becoming a Music Therapist
Authors: Préfontaine Josée
Published: November 2014

This article succinctly presents general concepts of learning and outlines salient characteristics of learning in the field of music therapy. The relationship between training in music therapy and becoming a music therapist is highlighted along with the place of experiential learning in this context. A description of the transformations perceived as resulting from experiential learning in the author's experience follows, in relation to the self, others and the potential space. The impact of these transformations on the genesis of the Author's practice and conception of music therapy is noted and compared to written accounts of various aspects of music therapy theory and practice. This perspective has implications for music therapy training: becoming a music therapist would then signify becoming a person whose forte lies in the utilization of sound to give freedom to the body and the voice, and sensitivity, intuition and creativity to complement the spoken word and rationality. It invites the therapist to do justice to the term "therapy" embedded in "music therapy" and, accordingly, to give weight to the experiential dimension in music therapy training programs.
Diversity and Community: Finding and Forming a South African Music Therapy
Authors: Oosthuizen Helen
Published: November 2014

How does music therapy engage diversity? My participation within three different South African communities offers possibilities, questions and thoughts to music therapists as we form our profession in this country and perhaps also globally. In a diverse, transient community, music is able to draw people together and may help to reconcile our many differences, but can also highlight the fragmentation of this community if all individuals and groups are not considered. As I introduce music therapy to an affluent school community, I find the cultural understandings I share with community members a helpful advantage, and yet I need to consider that by working only in wealthy, resourced communities similar to my own community, I may be highlighting the divide between wealth and poverty. In this way, I compound our countries' struggle with social inequality. As I initiate a short term music therapy group in a community very different to my own, I struggle with questions of whether music therapy has any relevance here, and find myself adapting my thinking, and working closely with the community to form a music therapy practice that has value in this context. These diverse work experiences challenge music therapists to increase our awareness of pertinent national and global issues and the possibilities our profession holds for addressing these issues. We need to explore new communities whilst continually reflecting and questioning all that we do and sharing our different work experiences with one another. Otherwise, whilst our work may hold much value within a particular community, we may find ourselves addressing or compounding national or global issues and may be growing or inhibiting our profession.
Thoughts on "Experience of Space in Japan." Implications for Music Therapy
Authors: Mairiaux Isabelle
Published: November 2014

This article presents thoughts on the experience of space, developed from a research study I have been doing during two years immersed in a very singular context where the familiar university environment contrasted with the – for me – completely unknown Japanese culture. The research study explains my motivation as well as my theme of the research: "the experience of space." The influence that my situation of being immersed in Japanese culture had on my hypothesis and research process are also developed. The study introduces some aspects of my experience of space in two different contexts: the context of everyday life experiences in Japan and the context of the butoh dance. Each context helped me to discover aspects of the experience of space, and possible implications for the music therapy context are then developed. In the study I sum up some of the discoveries underlining the negative and positive aspects this research process has led to. Finally, I evoke the learning of "humility," which is the dimension of the process most difficult to share in this article. The research study brought up some interesting subjects to investigate more in the future. One important discovery was the interdependency between perception and language (as a part of culture) and the way this implies a special attention in the music therapy context. Another interesting remark concerns the concept of boundary, and I argue that the Japanese concept of "Ma" is precious in relation to the therapeutic challenge of approaching this concept with an open mind.
Transitions from Clinical Experiences to Clinical Questions and then Research: Songwriting with Bereaved Pre-adolescent Children
Authors: Roberts Melina
Published: November 2014

The purpose of this article is to describe the author’s personal transition from her clinical experiences working with bereaved children and adolescents, to clinical questions that arose during this time, and then to her current phase whereby she has commenced research to examine songwriting with bereaved children. This article includes relevant literature that discusses bereavement in childhood, songwriting in music therapy, and music therapy support for bereaved children and adolescents. A description about the author’s current research, that integrates the three areas highlighted in the literature, is also discussed.
Locating the Autonomous Voice: Self-Expression in Music-Centered Music Therapy
Authors: Epp Erinn
Published: November 2014

It is a common, perhaps self-evident notion that people express themselves when they are engaged in musical activity. However, there seems to be little music therapy literature that deals explicitly with theories of musical expression. This paper examines some of the existing notions of self-expression in the music therapy literature, focusing on three models: Analytic Music Therapy, Guided Imagery and Music, and Nordoff-Robbins Music Therapy. Implicit assumptions about the self and musical expression are explored, the latter in light of well-known musicological theories. The paper then looks at music-centered music therapy and the role of self-expression in it. In particular, the role of musical structure in self-expression is considered. It is suggested that a theory of self-expression for a music-centered practice cannot detach expressive content from the lived performance of music.
Opening Channels of Communication
Authors: Costa Clarice Moura
Published: November 2014

Psychosis, as described through a psychodynamic perspective, is conceptualized as an attempt to deny the enveloping reality to avoid contact with the other. Music therapy is a way to break this barrier of non-communication raised by the patients.

The music therapy process is configured as a trinomial – action (making music)/ relationship (action with the other)/communication (musical or verbal voluntary expression of feelings and conflicts), which, although intrinsically connected, is perceived in a sequential process.

Aulagnier asserts that psychic activity represents the conjunction of three modes of functioning: the original process, the primary process and the secondary process. The perception of sound passes through three phases, corresponding to each manner of functioning of the psychic system – the pleasure of hearing, the desire to listen (to the other) and the imperative of meaning.

The music therapy process offers a significant similarity with the theory proposed by Aulagnier. We propose the hypothesis that in music therapy, there is an opportunity to (re)experience very archaic phases in the constitution of the ego, but in a new manner, so helping to open communication channels.

This theoretical hypothesis is illustrated by real examples of patients.
Researching Ones Own Clinical Practice: Managing Multiple Roles in an Action Research Project
Authors: Rickson Daphne
Published: November 2014

Action Research is a useful approach for practitioners who want to develop or improve on their everyday activity, while simultaneously contributing to a scientific body of knowledge. Action Researchers need to be able to reflect critically on their actions and interpretations, and be aware of their biases. This becomes increasingly complex and important when the researcher is engaged in multiple roles during the research process. This paper describes some of the dilemmas encountered by a music therapist using Action Research to develop a music therapy consultation protocol while simultaneously gathering data for a thesis towards a PhD in Music. The use of a research journal as an aid to self-understanding is discussed.
Music Therapy, Song and Communication
Authors: Brandalise André
Published: November 2014

The therapeutic relationship between therapist, client and music can also be considered as part of a communication system. Illness can seriously affect the functioning of this system in the music therapy process. The musical form song is used very often in therapeutic processes. It can be very efficient in the treatment. This article intends to make a reflection about the links between Music Therapy, Song and Communication.
Exploring the Experiences of Students in the Final Stage of Music Therapy Training
Authors: Smyth Selina , Edwards Jane
Published: November 2014

This study investigates the experiences of three students reaching the completion of a two year Masters in Music Therapy program. Three students enrolled in a music therapy graduating class participated in individual interviews. Five themes emerged from the analysis of the interview data about these experiences. These were characterised by a) "strong" feelings and emotions, b) challenges, c) changes in lifestyle, d) coping and e) enjoyment. This information may offer people interested in studying music therapy in the future some insights and may be useful to educators to consider refining what is offered in programmes. Qualified practitioners may use this material to reflect on their own experiences of study and the transition from student to professional life.
BIBLIOGRAPHICAL SOURCES ON MUSIC THERAPY IN NIGERIA.
Authors: Aluede Charles Onomudo
Published: November 2014

Issues relating to health and healing are quite often very primary in the minds of every Nigerian. This is why in the country, short phrases, sentences and proverbs in appreciation of good health are either constantly said or inscribed on door lintels and vehicles by their owners. The   eminence of health is captured in texts such as: Health is Wealth, When Health is Lost all is Lost, No Sickness No Suffering, Death is a small enemy but Sickness is The Great Destroyer. These comments are indicative of the peoples’ views of illness and its effect on the society. To combat illness, allopathic and other forms of therapies are used. Music without doubt, remains one of such. In this regard, music is employed in diverse ways to obtain healthful and healing consequence by the people.  Arising from the above, this paper identifies the works so far done in the area of Music therapy in Nigeria. It is the hope of this researcher that this step will help contemporary scholars and enthusiasts venturing into this field to find resource materials to rely on as they conduct field research and experiments.
Ismaee il Musika - Listen to the Music
Authors: Whitehead-Pleaux Annette Marie
Published: November 2014

This case illuminates my journey through countertransference with an Iraqi family I worked with at a pediatric hospital. By reexamining the foundations of Person Centered Therapy, I was able to set aside my feelings and then finally connect deeply to the child and the aunt.  Using music therapy interventions that mainly focused on music listening, both live and recorded, the child and aunt were able to connect to their culture and recover emotionally and physically from a devastating injury.
Listening to music: Similarities and differences between normal and schizophrenic people
Authors: Costa Clarice Moura
Published: November 2014

The hypothesis that the meanings attributed to music, although broad, are not unlimited, and should be similar in two groups (people considered normal and people considered schizophrenic) was risen in a research carried out on the listening to music at the Institute of Psychiatry at Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Four recorded segments were selected. Video tapes were made to record the verbal references to the segments, in order to look for similarities and differences between the two groups. An analysis of content of speech was made over the transcription of the tapes. It was possible to observe that schizophrenic and normal persons attribute similar meanings to music, although these meanings are influenced by the experiences of each one.
Composition of functional ecological guilds of the fish fauna of the internal sector of the Amazon Estuary, Pará, Brazil
Authors: MOURÃO KEILA R.M. , FERREIRA VALDIMERE , LUCENA-FRÉDOU FLÁVIA
Published: November 2014

The present study describes the spatial and temporal structure of the estuarine fish community in the internal sector of the Amazon Estuary. Samples were obtained in the main channels and tidal creeks of Guajará and Marajó Bays and Guamá River. A total of 41,516 fish specimens were collected, representing 136 taxa, 38 families and 12 orders. In the dry season, the mean salinity of the main channel increased along a limnic-marine gradient, between the Guamá River and the Marajó Bay. Species richness was lowest in the mouth of the Guamá River and in the right margin of the Guajará Bay. Fish species composition and environmental guilds differed markedly among areas: Migrants and Freshwater Stragglers were dominant in the Guamá River and the Guajará Bay, while Estuarine, Marine Stragglers and Migrants predominated in the Marajó Bay. However, the trophic guilds were still relatively well balanced, in functional terms. Piscivores and Zoobenthivores were the dominant feeding functional groups in all the studied areas. In this study, the assessment of the community and the use of the guild approach were efficient to describe the structure and functioning of the assemblages of estuarine fish also helping to assess the anthropogenic pressures in the area.
Transferência de nitrogênio e fósforo para águas superficiais em uma bacia hidrográfica com agricultura e produção pecuária intensiva no Sul do Brasil
Authors: Capoane Viviane , Tiecher Tales , Schaefer Gilmar Luiz , Ciotti Lucas Henrique , Santos Danilo Rheinheimer dos
Published: November 2014

Neste trabalho, foram avaliadas as concentrações de fósforo (P) solúvel e nitrato nas águas dos canais de drenagem de uma bacia hidrográfica, com agricultura e produção pecuária intensiva do Sul do Brasil, a fim de avaliar os impactos das atividades agropecuárias no ecossistema aquático. Amostras de água foram coletadas em 11 pontos nos canais de drenagem em três períodos distintos. Coletas diárias, por um período de 30 dias, foram efetuadas no médio curso e no exutório da bacia hidrográfica. As concentrações de nitrato e P solúvel foram maiores nas áreas mais antropizadas e com granjas de suínos próximas a cursos d'água. Nas coletas diárias, observou-se que as concentrações de P mudaram consideravelmente nos dias de chuva, mas a concentração de nitrato manteve certa regularidade durante os períodos com e sem chuva. As altas concentrações de P solúvel e nitrato encontradas foram atribuídas ao manejo inadequado das atividades agropecuárias desenvolvidas na bacia hidrográfica
Equitable access to health services for children aged 5 to 9 in a medium city of northeasth of Brazil: a result of Family Health Strategy
Authors: Santiago Adriana Xavier de , Barreto Ivana Cristina de Holanda Cunha , Sucupira Ana Cecília Silveira Lins , Lima José Wellington de Oliveira , Andrade Luiz Odorico Monteiro de
Published: November 2014

INTRODUCTION: The Brazilian National Health System may reduce inequalities in access to health services through strategies that can reach those most in need with no access to care services. OBJECTIVE: To identify factors associated with the use of health service by children aged 5 to 9 years in the city of Sobral, Ceará, northeastern Brazil. RESULTS: Only 558 (17.0%) children used health care services in the 30 days preceding this survey. Children with any health condition (OR = 3.90) who were frequent attenders of primary care strategy of organization (the Family Health Strategy, FHS) (OR = 1.81) and living in the city's urban area (OR = 1.51) were more likely to use health services. Almost 80% of children used FHS as their referral care service. Children from poorer families and with easier access to services were more likely to be FHS users. CONCLUSION: The study showed that access to health services has been relatively equitable through the FHS, a point of entry to the local health system.
Race and perceived racism, education, and hypertension among Brazilian civil servants: the Pró-Saúde Study
Authors: Faerstein Eduardo , Chor Dóra , Werneck Guilherme Loureiro , Lopes Claudia de Souza , Kaplan George
Published: November 2014

INTRODUCTION: Brazil has the largest population of African descendants outside Africa. OBJECTIVE: Mindful of the imprint of slavery on their contemporary social position, we investigated the relationship of perceived racism to hypertension. METHODS: We analyzed data (1999 - 2001) from 3,056 civil servants (mean age 42 years; 56% females) at university campuses in Rio participating in the longitudinal Pró-Saúde Study. RESULTS: Cases of prevalent hypertension had measured blood pressure equal to or greater than 140/90 mmHg or used antihypertensive medication. Self-administered questionnaires assessed participants' perceived history of lifetime discrimination (due to race, gender, socioeconomic position, and other attributes) at work and school, neighborhood, public places, and in contact with the police. Participants used 41 terms as responses to an open-ended question on racial self-identification; for these analyses, 48% were classified as afrodescendants. Racial discrimination in at least one setting was reported by 14% of afrodescendants. Compared to whites, the age- and gender-adjusted prevalence of hypertension was higher for afrodescendants with history of self-perceived racism (prevalence ratio - PR = 2.1; 95%CI 1.5 - 3.0) than for those with no such history (PR = 1.5; 95%CI 1.2 - 1.8). Comparing the former to whites, the adjusted association with hypertension was stronger for those with elementary education (PR = 3.0; 95%CI 1.3 - 6.7) than for those with a college degree (PR = 1.7; 95%CI 1.0 - 3.1). CONCLUSION: Racism may increase the risk of hypertension of afrodescendants in Brazil, and socioeconomic disadvantage - also influenced by societal racism - may further potentiate this increased risk.
Parent's social status and children's nutrition influence on the university entrance of young adults in the last two decades in Brazil
Authors: Baraldi Larissa Galastri , Conde Wolney Lisboa
Published: November 2014

INTRODUCTION: The analysis of social indicators and health status of parents and children is a preferred way to estimate the potential for social mobility in different societies or different periods in the same society. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the evolution of educational and nutritional status of the Brazilian families by an intergenerational approach. METHODS: A representative sample of the Brazilian population, consisting of parents (35 to 65 years old) and young adults (20 to 24 years old) obtained from three national surveys NHNS (1989), HBS (2003 and 2009). We performed a descriptive analysis and, for the sons, we calculated the probability of starting college using the multilevel logistic regression with random intercept model. RESULTS: The advance of the nutritional status of young people was statistically higher than to their parents (p < 0.005). Social conditions experienced in childhood and family status had great influence on their later school success. CONCLUSION: These data indicate improvements in social status controlled by the nutritional status, initiated in the period of 1989 - 2003. Although inequality persists in the country, the family's influence declined in the period 2003 - 2009.
Spatial analysis of distribution of dengue cases in Espírito Santo, Brazil, in 2010: use of Bayesian model
Authors: Honorato Taizi , Lapa Priscila Pagung de Aquino , Sales Carolina Maia Martins , Reis-Santos Barbara , Tristão-Sá Ricardo , Bertolde Adelmo Inácio , Maciel Ethel Leonor Noia
Published: November 2014

OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between the risk of dengue and sociodemographic variables through the use of spatial regression models fully Bayesian in the municipalities of Espírito Santo in 2010. METHOD: This is an ecological study and exploration that used spatial analysis tools in preparing thematic maps with data obtained from SinanNet. An analysis by area, taking as unit the municipalities of the state, was performed. Thematic maps were constructed by the computer program R 2.15.00 and Deviance Information Criterion (DIC), calculated in WinBugs, Absolut and Normalized Mean Error (NMAE) were the criteria used to compare the models. RESULTS: We were able to geocode 21,933 dengue cases (rate of 623.99 cases per 100 thousand habitants) with a higher incidence in the municipalities of Vitória, Serra and Colatina; model with spatial effect with the covariates trash and income showed the best performance at DIC and Nmae criteria. CONCLUSION: It was possible to identify the relationship of dengue with factors outside the health sector and to identify areas with higher risk of disease.
The ichnogenus Tubotomaculum: an enigmatic pellet-filled structure from Upper Cretaceous to Miocene deep-marine deposits of southern Spain
Authors: García-Ramos Jose Carlos , Mángano María Gabriela , Piñuela Laura , Buatois Luis A. , Rodríguez-Tovar Francisco J.
Published: November 2014

The trace-fossil name Tubotomaculum has been extensively used to refer to spindle-shaped pellet-filled tubes present in Upper Cretaceous to Miocene deep-marine deposits of the western Mediterranean region. However, it has never been formally diagnosed, and accordingly it was regarded as a nomen nudum. In this paper, we formally introduce the ichnogenus Tubotomaculum, including the new ichnospecies Tubotomaculum mediterranensis. Bioglyphs, represented by scratch traces that may be present on the basal and lateral surfaces of the structure, suggesting production by crustaceans. The functional meaning of these structures challenges the simple model of a mining strategy. Instead, the storing of pellets to use them as a bacteria-enriched resource during times when organic detritus was scarce is suggested. The association with chemoautothrophic bacteria in modern analogs of Tubotomaculum provides a crucial piece of evidence to support the cache model. Integration of information from modern environments and the fossil record points to a connection between Tubotomaculum, mud volcanism, fluid venting, and hydrocarbon seeps. The presence of bioglyphs suggests firmgrounds that may have resulted from bottom current scouring of the sea sediment, leading to erosional exhumation of previously buried compacted sediment, which was therefore available for colonization by the infauna. However, an alternative scenario involves enriched fluids related to mud-volcanism resulting in reducing conditions that favored carbonate precipitation and nodule formation just a few centimeters below the sediment-water interface.
South American giant short-faced bear (Arctotherium angustidens) diet: evidence from pathology, morphology, stable isotopes, and biomechanics
Authors: Soibelzon Leopoldo H. , Grinspan Gustavo A. , Bocherens Hervé , Acosta Walter G. , Jones Washington , Blanco Ernesto R. , Prevosti Francisco
Published: November 2014

Arctotherium angustidensGervais and Ameghino, 1880 (the South American giant short-faced bear) is known for being the earliest (Ensenadan Age, early to middle Pleistocene) and largest (body mass over 1 ton) of five describedArctotheriumspecies endemic to South America. Here we assess the diet of this bear from multiple proxies: morphology, biomechanics, dental pathology, stable isotopes and a previous study using geometric morphometric methodology. Results favor the idea of animal matter consumption, probably from large vertebrates in addition to vegetable matter consumption. Most probably, active hunting was not the unique strategy of this bear for feeding, since its large size and great power may have allowed him to fight for the prey hunted by other Pleistocene carnivores. However, scavenging over mega mammal carcasses was probably another frequent way of feeding. South American short-faced bears adjusted their size and modified their diet through Pleistocene times, probably as a response to the diversification of the carnivore guild (from the few precursory taxa that crossed the Panamanian Isthmus during the Great American Biotic Interchange).
The gastropod family Aporrhaidae in the Lower Cretaceous of the Neuquén Basin, west-central Argentina
Authors: Cataldo Cecilia S.
Published: November 2014

The gastropod fauna of the Lower Cretaceous of the Argentinian Neuquén Basin contains three aporrhaid species.Protohemichenopus neuquensisCamacho, 1953 is the most abundant, longest-lived, and most geographically widespread of the aporrhaids of this basin, and its protoconch and early teleoconch whorls were unknown until now. The new speciesDimorphosoma weaverifeatures convex to subtly angular spire whorls with opisthocyrt collabral ribs that are more prominent towards the mid-whorl, a bicarinate last whorl with small rounded nodes on the adapical carina, a simple, falcate labral wing which is more or less rectangular proximally and tapering and curving towards its distal end, and a short, straight rostrum.Tylostoma jaworskiiWeaver, 1931 is now placed inHarpagodes, and other previous, scattered, coeval records of this genus in the basin are now recognized as part of this single species. It is believed that whereasH. jaworskiipreferred shallower-water carbonate settings of low to moderate energy,P. neuquensisandD. weaverifavored siliciclastic to mixed clastic-carbonate environments, in deeper waters. In spite of its endemic elements, this aporrhaid association depicts a predominantly Tethyan influence.
Coproducts in Categories without Uniqueness of cod and dom
Authors: Golinski Maciej , Korniłowicz Artur
Published: November 2014

The paper introduces coproducts in categories without uniqueness of cod and dom. It is proven that set-theoretical disjoint union is the coproduct in the category Ens [9].
Isometric Differentiable Functions on Real Normed Space
Authors: Futa Yuichi , Endou Noboru , Shidama Yasunari
Published: November 2014

In this article, we formalize isometric differentiable functions on real normed space [17], and their properties.
MitoProteomics: New Insights in Infection Biology
Authors: Mandal Santi M. , Mandal Amit K. , Mondal Keshab C. , Pati Bikas R.
Published: November 2014

Mitochondria are the organelles as central hubs of energy production, apoptosis regulation, and Ca++ signaling, therefore prime targets of pathogens to destroy the signaling network as earliest for their survivability. Recently, several proteomics approaches have been undertaken for rapid identification and analyses of disease manifestation in infection biology. Here, we have summarized the mostly popular topdown proteomics approaches including methodology to available database for mitochondrial signaling network analyses during host-pathogen interaction and a key tool for rapid biomarker identification.
Versatile Roles of K63-Linked Ubiquitin Chains in Trafficking
Authors: Erpapazoglou Zoi , Walker Olivier , Haguenauer-Tsapis Rosine
Published: November 2014

Modification by Lys63-linked ubiquitin (UbK63) chains is the second most abundant form of ubiquitylation. In addition to their role in DNA repair or kinase activation, UbK63 chains interfere with multiple steps of intracellular trafficking. UbK63 chains decorate many plasma membrane proteins, providing a signal that is often, but not always, required for their internalization. In yeast, plants, worms and mammals, this same modification appears to be critical for efficient sorting to multivesicular bodies and subsequent lysosomal degradation. UbK63 chains are also one of the modifications involved in various forms of autophagy (mitophagy, xenophagy, or aggrephagy). Here, in the context of trafficking, we report recent structural studies investigating UbK63 chains assembly by various E2/E3 pairs, disassembly by deubiquitylases, and specifically recognition as sorting signals by receptors carrying Ub-binding domains, often acting in tandem. In addition, we address emerging and unanticipated roles of UbK63 chains in various recycling pathways that function by activating nucleators required for actin polymerization, as well as in the transient recruitment of signaling molecules at the plasma or ER membrane. In this review, we describe recent advances that converge to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the wealth of trafficking functions of UbK63 chains.
Antioxidant Generation during Coffee Roasting: A Comparison and Interpretation from Three Complementary Assays
Authors: Opitz Sebastian , Smrke Samo , Goodman Bernard , Keller Marco , Schenker Stefan , Yeretzian Chahan
Published: November 2014

Coffee is a major source of dietary antioxidants; some are present in the green bean, whereas others are generated during roasting. However, there is no single accepted analytical method for their routine determination. This paper describes the adaption of three complementary assays (Folin-Ciocalteu (FC), ABTS and ORAC) for the routine assessment of antioxidant capacity of beverages, their validation, and use for determining the antioxidant capacities of extracts from coffee beans at different stages in the roasting process. All assays showed a progressive increase in antioxidant capacity during roasting to a light roast state, consistent with the production of melanoidins having a higher antioxidant effect than the degradation of CGAs. However, the three assays gave different numbers for the total antioxidant capacity of green beans relative to gallic acid (GA), although the range of values was much smaller when chlorogenic acid (CGA) was used as reference. Therefore, although all three assays indicated that there was an increase in antioxidant activity during coffee roasting, and the large differences in responses to GA and CGA illustrate their different sensitivities to different types of antioxidant molecule.
Influence of Daily Individual Meteorological Parameters on the Incidence of Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Ravljen Mirjam , Bilban Marjan , Kajfež-Bogataj Lučka , Hovelja Tomaž , Vavpotič Damjan
Published: November 2014

Background: A nationwide study was conducted to explore the short term association between daily individual meteorological parameters and the incidence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) treated with coronary emergency catheter interventions in the Republic of Slovenia, a south-central European country. Method: We linked meteorological data with daily ACS incidence for the entire population of Slovenia, for the population over 65 years of age and for the population under 65 years of age. Data were collected daily for a period of 4 years from 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2011. In line with existing studies, we used a main effect generalized linear model with a log-link-function and a Poisson distribution of ACS. Results and Conclusions: Three of the studied meteorological factors (daily average temperature, atmospheric pressure and relative humidity) all have relevant and significant influences on ACS incidences for the entire population. However, the ACS incidence for the population over 65 is only affected by daily average temperature, while the ACS incidence for the population under 65 is affected by daily average pressure and humidity. In terms of ambient temperature, the overall findings of our study are in line with the findings of the majority of contemporary European studies, which also note a negative correlation. The results regarding atmospheric pressure and humidity are less in line, due to considerable variations in results. Additionally, the number of available European studies on atmospheric pressure and humidity is relatively low. The fourth studied variable—season—does not influence ACS incidence in a statistically significant way.
Physiopathological, Epidemiological, Clinical and Therapeutic Aspects of Exercise-Associated Hyponatremia
Authors: Urso Caterina , Brucculeri Salvatore , Caimi Gregorio
Published: November 2014

Exercise-associated hyponatremia (EAH) is dilutional hyponatremia, a variant of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH), characterized by a plasma concentration of sodium lower than 135 mEq/L. The prevalence of EAH is common in endurance (<6 hours) and ultra-endurance events (>6 hours in duration), in which both athletes and medical providers need to be aware of risk factors, symptom presentation, and management. The development of EAH is a combination of excessive water intake, inadequate suppression of the secretion of the antidiuretic hormone (ADH) (due to non osmotic stimuli), long race duration, and very high or very low ambient temperatures. Additional risk factors include female gender, slower race times, and use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Signs and symptoms of EAH include nausea, vomiting, confusion, headache and seizures; it may result in severe clinical conditions associated with pulmonary and cerebral edema, respiratory failure and death. A rapid diagnosis and appropriate treatment with a hypertonic saline solution is essential in the severe form to ensure a positive outcome.
The Cup Anemometer, a Fundamental Meteorological Instrument for the Wind Energy Industry. Research at the IDR/UPM Institute
Authors: Pindado Santiago , Cubas Javier , Sorribes-Palmer Félix
Published: November 2014

The results of several research campaigns investigating cup anemometer performance carried out since 2008 at the IDR/UPM Institute are included in the present paper. Several analysis of large series of calibrations were done by studying the effect of the rotor’s geometry, climatic conditions during calibration, and anemometers’ ageing. More specific testing campaigns were done regarding the cup anemometer rotor aerodynamics, and the anemometer signals. The effect of the rotor’s geometry on the cup anemometer transfer function has been investigated experimentally and analytically. The analysis of the anemometer’s output signal as a way of monitoring the anemometer status is revealed as a promising procedure for detecting anomalies.
Energy Consumption and Carbon Dioxide Emissions of China’s Non-Metallic Mineral Products Industry: Present State, Prospects and Policy Analysis
Authors: Hu Hui , Kavan Philip
Published: November 2014

China is the largest non-metallic mineral producer in the world and one of the key consumers of four major non-metallic mineral products, including cement, refractories, plate glass and ceramics. The non-metallic mineral products industry’s rapid growth has brought about a large demand for energy. The present study provides an overview of China’s non-metallic mineral products industry in terms of production, energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions. In this industry, the energy efficiency is relatively low and the level of carbon dioxide emission is much higher than developed countries’ average. This study interprets the effects of some newly issued policies and analyses the influential factors in achieving energy conservation and emission reduction goals. It also discusses the prospects for saving energy and emission reduction in the industry. Retrofitting facilities and using new production technologies is imperative. Additionally, implementing market-based policies, promoting industrial transformation and effective international cooperation would help decrease carbon dioxide emissions and energy consumption.
Self-Powered Desalination of Geothermal Saline Groundwater: Technical Feasibility
Authors: Davies Philip , Orfi Jamel
Published: November 2014

This theoretical study shows the technical feasibility of self-powered geothermal desalination of groundwater sources at <100 °C. A general method and framework are developed and then applied to specific case studies. First, the analysis considers an ideal limit to performance based on exergy analysis using generalised idealised assumptions. This thermodynamic limit applies to any type of process technology. Then, the analysis focuses specifically on the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) driving Reverse Osmosis (RO), as these are among the most mature and efficient applicable technologies. Important dimensionless parameters are calculated for the ideal case of the self-powered arrangement and semi-ideal case where only essential losses dependent on the RO system configuration are considered. These parameters are used to compare the performance of desalination systems using ORC-RO under ideal, semi-ideal and real assumptions for four case studies relating to geothermal sources located in India, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia and Turkey. The overall system recovery ratio (the key performance measure for the self-powered process) depends strongly on the geothermal source temperature. It can be as high as 91.5% for a hot spring emerging at 96 °C with a salinity of 1830 mg/kg.
Le commun se esmeut. Een onderzoek naar het politieke optreden van het “gemeen” in het kader van de Gentse opstand (1379-1385)
Authors: Haemers Jelle , Merlevede Dries
Published: November 2014

Jelle Haemers & Dries Merlevede, Le commun se esmeut. La politique du “ commun” pendant la révolte gantoise de 1379-1385.

Dans cet article – une étude philologique et historique des sources et chroniques concernant la révolte de la ville de Gand contre le comte de Flandre pendant les années 1379-1385 –, nous examinons la signification exacte des mots et des expressions qui ont été utilisés pour définir la foule anonyme qui a participé aux nombreuses révoltes urbaines dans le comté de Flandre au Bas Moyen Âge. Le contenu du terme «commun » («g(h) emeen » en néerlandais) a évolué au cours des

XIVe et XVe siècles. Comme l’étymologie du mot «commun » l’indique, ce terme était utilisé, d’une part, pour décrire tous les habitants d’une ville qui payaient des impôts afin d’en permettre le bon fonctionnement, d’autre part – et c’est le contexte des sources qui nous en informe – ce mot réfère aussi aux groupes qui étaient exclus du pouvoir politique dans les villes des anciens Pays-Bas méridionaux. Comme le contexte politique de ces villes changeait constamment, la signification des termes «commun » et «g(h) emeen » a évolué également. Alors que dans les années 1280 les sources rangent aussi les riches marchands en lutte pour obtenir le droit à la participation politique parmi le «commun » des villes, au XVe siècle, par contre, seuls les artisans urbains sont qualifiés de la sorte. D’ailleurs, contrairement à ce que les chroniques médiévales veulent faire croire à leurs lecteurs, ces foules dites «révolutionnaires » n’étaient pas poussées par des émotions impulsives, ni par une colère irrationnelle quand elles contestaient des décisions politiques prises par les élites urbaines, mais par des idées politiques claires et sophistiquées. Le «commun » des villes a ainsi lutté pour maintenir les privilèges et coutumes qu’il avait acquis au cours des ans et pour participer de façon permanente aux institutions politiques urbaines. Cet idéal commun et la conviction qu’il pouvait être atteint expliquent non seulement la fréquence mais aussi l’intensité des révoltes urbaines dans l’ancien comté de Flandre au Bas Moyen Âge.
Entre ombres et lumières, profits et conflits. Les relations entre les Jésuites et l’État indépendant du Congo (1879-1908)
Authors: Gijs Anne-Sophie
Published: November 2014

Anne-Sophie Gijs, Tussen schaduw en licht, overwinning en conflict. De relaties tussen de Jezuiëten en Congo-Vrijstaat (1879 -1908)

Associatie en eerbied, maar ook rivaliteit en achterdocht.... Doorheen eind 19de eeuw – begin 20e eeuw werden de relaties tussen de Belgische jezuïeten en Congo-Vrijstaat meteen al gekenmerkt door complexiteit en zelfs tegenstrijdigheid. Bij de analyse van enkele kenmerkende episodes uit de geschiedenis van de jezuïeten in Congo-Vrijstaat zullen we hier een poging ondernemen om de aard van de banden in het licht te zetten die zij hadden met verschillende instellingen van Congo-Vrijstaat, gaande van de district commissarissen tot koning Léopold ii, via lokale en centrale regeringen. Via welke kanalen, privé dan wel publiek, communiceerden ze ? Wat hadden de enen te zeggen over de anderen en waardoor werden hun wederzijdse vertegenwoordigingen beïnvloed ? Tussen patriottisme en pragmatisme, hoe zullen de bestudeerde protagonisten waarden, principes, idealen en realiteiten ter plaatse met elkaar verzoenen ? We zullen meerdere persoonlijkheden, nauw verbonden met de cruciale etappes in de ontwikkeling van Congo-Vrijstaat, bestuderen, zoals de Paters Émile Van Hencxthoven, Joseph Banckaert, Arthur Vermeersch en Auguste Castelein, teneinde een representatief panel te bieden van de meningen aan het werk binnen de Sociëteit van Jezus.