bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Practical Applications of Spray Plume Sensors in the Aeronautic and Automotive Industries
Authors: Nadeau F. , Pouliot L. , Blain J.
Published: July 2021

Three actual applications of spray plume sensors for industrial coating operations are presented. Two of these are in the aeronautic industry and one in the automotive industry. Depending on the application, different types of sensors were used ranging from plume shape monitoring (particle trajectories) to full plume characterization including in-flight measurement of individual particle properties. In each case, the process monitoring scheme developed depended on the manufacturer's requirements as well as the nature of the information provided by the sensor. The significant differences in usage and working conditions compared to an R&D environment are examined. Advantages and drawbacks in each of the three situations are detailed. A tentative forecast of coming developments in this field is also given.
Thermal Spray Coatings for Ball Valves Used in Nickel/Cobalt Pressure Acid Leaching
Authors: Kim G.E. , Brzezinski T.A. , Leblanc L. , Kharlanova E.
Published: July 2021

Pressure acid leaching (PAL) of lateritic nickel ores requires the use of extremely severe processing conditions (250 °C, > 4000 kPa, 98 % H2SO4). In addition to the severe corrosive nature of the acid solution, up to 30% of abrasive solids are present in the slurry. PyroGenesis Inc. has applied its expertise in materials science and thermal spray technologies into developing and commercially applying coatings for the protection of ball valve components used in PAL autoclaves. Vacuum plasma spray (VPS) and atmospheric plasma spray (APS) processes are used to apply coatings of metals and ceramics for corrosion and wear resistance, respectively. A comparative study on the microstructure and mechanical properties of different coatings, applied with the two processes, will be presented. Although APS coatings provide enhanced abrasive resistance, VPS coatings have shown the potential for superior properties. The extreme temperatures and pressures associated with the actual PAL conditions are too severe to simulate in laboratory conditions, hence, corrosion testing was not possible. Microstructural analysis, microhardness, adhesion, and abrasion testing were determined for each coating/processing combination.
Synthesis, Thermo-Mechanical Properties, and Frictional Response of NiCrAlY-Zirconia Composite and Graded Coatings
Authors: Sampath S. , Prchlik L. , Kishi K.
Published: July 2021

NiCrAlY-PSZ graded materials with two different gradients were synthesized using the plasma spray technique. Their microstructure, thermal and frictional response were evaluated, and the response was compared to that of single layered composite materials. The hardness and frictional properties of PSZ could be successfully optimized by an addition of small amount of NiCrAlY. The results of testing revealed the potential of ceramic/metallic materials systems and can be used to further optimize the spraying process of composite/graded structures subjected to contact damage at high temperatures. The study also revealed new tribo-effects that can be encountered in potential applications of graded structures.
Standards for the Thermal Spray Industry
Authors: Bhusari M.M. , Sulit R.A.
Published: July 2021

Thermal-spray standards in the United States are developed by several professional societies that include American Society for Testing and Measurement (ASTM) for test & measurements methods and composition specifications; American Welding Society (AWS) for feedstock, equipment acceptance, application process, training & certification; American Water Works Association (AWWA) for thermal-sprayed zinc as potable water tank lining; International Association of Corrosion Engineers (NACE) for corrosion protection processes and inspection; and Society of Protective Coatings (SSPC) for test & measurement methods, application specification & inspection in regards to protective coatings for the protection of steel. This paper provides information on various standards set by these bodies.
Characterization of Cracking Within WC-Co Coated Materials by an Acoustic Emission Method During Four Points Bending Tests
Authors: Dalmas D. , Benmedakhene S. , Richard C. , Laksimi A. , Gregoire T.
Published: July 2021

The aim of this work is to study the adhesion of WC-Co coatings using acoustic emission testing. The coatings were produced by HVOF spraying then subjected to four-point bending while in situ acoustic emission measurements were made. The test specimens were then examined under a microscope, revealing regularly spaced transverse cracks on the coating surface as well as interfacial cracking. An analysis of the acoustic emission data revealed two types of acoustic events based on absolute energy and amplitude. This appears to be linked to the cracks that were observed forming the basis for an interfacial cracking model.
Plasma Spraying of Spray-Dried AI2O3 Powders
Authors: Bertrand G. , Hansz B. , Tourenne F. , Coddet C.
Published: July 2021

Today, powder particles diameter used for thermal spraying is generally comprised between 5 and 100µm with a preferred range around 40µm for APS applications. Actually, the future trends in plasma spraying are directed to the use of fine or ultrafine powders and the reduction of the steps between raw materials and coatings. So, the present paper investigates the way to use directly spray dried ceramic powders in suppressing the sintering stage. AI2O3 based powders were obtained by the spray drying process. By optimizing the parameters (slurry composition and injection as well as drying characteristics), a narrow grain size distribution was achieved. Chemical composition and shape of synthesized powders were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS). The crystallographic structure was identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Demonstration was made that it is possible to obtain coatings using directly spray dried ceramic powders. The plasma spray process parameters (such as current intensity, gas flow rate, powder feed rate and injection mode, cooling stage,...) have to be managed to achieve cohesive coatings. The structure and chemical composition of these coatings were studied. In this way, the direct use of spray dried powders appears as a promising way to realize ceramic coatings.
SYNTHESIS AND X-RAY INVESTIGATION OF NOVEL NANOSTRUCTURED COPPER-ZINC MANGANITES OF LANTHANUM AND ALKALI METALS
Authors:   Abishev Chemical-Metallurgical Institute, Karaganda, Kazakhstan, Kasenov B.K.
Published: July 2021

The aim of this work is to synthesize new nanostructured copper-zinc lanthanum and alkaline metal manganites. Polycrystalline copper-zinc manganites of lanthanum and alkali metals were synthesized by the method of ceramic technology from lanthanum (III), copper (II), zinc (II), manganese (III) oxides, and lithium, sodium, and potassium carbonates in the range of 800-1200 oC. Nanostructured particles were obtained by grinding the synthesized polycrystalline compounds at the «MM301» vibration mill of «Retsch» (Germany). By indexing X-ray images of nanostructured copper-zinc lanthanum and alkaline metal manganites, it was found that they crystallize in cubic syngony. Their lattice parameters are determined. There is a pattern in the change of the lattice parameters from the ionic radii of alkaline metals.
DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH POWER MICROFOCUS X-RAY TUBE
Authors:   Ryazan State Radio Engineering university, Ryazan, Russia, Trubitsyn A.A.
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we propose and study a new method for increasing the power of a microfocus X-ray tube of transmission type. The proposed method is based on the idea of using a heat pipe as a tube anode. A theoretical expression is obtained for the maximum power dissipated at such an anode, depending on the diameter of the electron beam and the thickness of the tungsten target. It is shown that the power of the proposed tube can be many times higher than the power of tubes with standard composite anodes. An electron-optical scheme of a tube with electrostatic focusing is proposed and analyzed.
INVESTIGATION OF THE THERMOPHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MINERALS AT VARIOUS HEATING PARAMETERS
Authors:   1E.A. Buketov Karaganda University, Karaganda, Kazakhstan, Shaimerdenova K.M.
Published: July 2021

The study of natural minerals in the production of heat and electrical insulating materials is of particular practical interest for the study of their thermophysical characteristics. The regularities of changes in the heat capacity of minerals when heated in production and operating conditions are of particular interest. Natural minerals of wollastonite and quartz were considered as the object of research. The heat capacity of these minerals was measured in an apparatus with a three-dimensional sensor and a panel for automatic control of gas flows, when heated to the temperature of 1600ºС by the calorimetric method. Based on the experimental results, graphs of the dependence of the heat capacity of mineral samples on temperature were constructed.
THE STUDY OF CURVES OF THE TRANSIENT CURRENT IN POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE BY MEANS OF FOURIER ANALYSIS
Authors:   E. A. Buketov Karaganda University, Karaganda, Kazakhstan, Turdybekov K. M.
Published: July 2021

Experimental transition current curves for polytetrafluoroethylene after exposure to high-energy ionizing radiation are obtained. The transient current curves in irradiated polytetrafluoroethylene are analyzed based on the discrete Fourier transform. It is shown that there is an intense maximum of dielectric absorption in the infralow frequency region. This maximum is characterized by abnormally large values of the dielectric increment, permittivity, and the dielectric loss factor. It is concluded that the volume polarization of the irradiated polytetrafluoroethylene is uniform. The polarization observed in this frequency range is associated with the activation of migration of trapped charge carriers within microscopic regions.
SPECTRAL AND LUMINESCENT PROPERTIES OF CARBON QUANTUM DOTS FUNCTIONALIZED WITH N- AND S-CONTAINING GROUPS
Authors:   Institute of molecular nanophotonics, E.A Buketov Karaganda University, Karaganda, Kazakhstan, Ibrayev N.Kh.
Published: July 2021

In the presented work, carbon quantum dots were obtained by microwave synthesis based on citric acid and Lcysteine. The resulting particles were characterized by electron and probe microscopy, dynamic light scattering and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The spectral and luminescent properties were investigated for the initial solution of carbon quantum dots, as well as solutions obtained as a result of dialysis of the synthesized product. It is shown that all samples exhibit the same optical properties. At the same time, the measurement of quantum yields showed that carbon dots that have passed through the dialysis membrane have the best fluorescent ability.
ELECTROMIGRATION IN LITHIUM-TITANIUM FERRITE CERAMICS SINTERED IN RADIATION-THERMAL MODE
Authors:   Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia, Surzhikov A.P.
Published: July 2021

The study investigates electro-migration in Li–Ti ferrite ceramic samples sintered in radiation-thermal mode. To reveal radiation effects, similar measurements are performed for samples sintered in thermal mode. The effect of the state of grain boundaries and the presence of a low-melting additive on electrical properties of sintered ferrites is studied. It is found that structural rearrangement during radiation-thermal sintering occurs in early sintering stages, including the heating period. Study demonstrates that such behavior associated with radiation-induced intensification of the liquid phase spreading over the array of powder grains. In addition, it was shown that structural transformation may be caused by stimulation of intergranular slippage
INFLUENCE OF BORINATION, BORON CEMENTATION OF STEEL 45 AND VISCOSITY OF A LUBRICANT ON THE PARAMETERS OF ADHESION BOND IN THE STEEL 45 - 40X SYSTEM
Authors:   National University ", Kubich V.I. ,   Zaporizhzhya Polytechnic",   , Zaporizhia, Ukraine
Published: July 2021

In the work, the regularities of changes in the shear strength of the adhesive bond τ and the piezoelectric coefficient β in the metal systems "steel 45 - 40X", "steel 45+В-40Х", "steel 45+ВС-40Х" were obtained during physical modeling of the materials I-20A, Wolf 10W-40, TAD-17i, Litol-24 with distinctive dynamic viscosities using the additional equipment of the SMTs-2 friction machine. It has been established that a twofold increase in the shear rate causes a decrease in the piezoelectric coefficient in the "steel 45+VS - 40X" system by a factor of 1.2-1.6 for Wolf 10W-40, TAD-17i, Litol-24 lubricants and its relative similarity independent of dynamic viscosity. At the same time, a twofold increase in the shear rate in the "steel 45+B-40X" system also causes a decrease in the piezoelectric coefficient by a factor of 1.16-1.38 for all tested lubricants and its alignments, as in the "steel 45+VS" system, does not observed. It was found that the clearly expressed regularity of the effect of the equivalent dynamic viscosity on the strength of the adhesive bond at p = 0 MPa is not revealed, and the nature of the manifestation is predetermined by a possible change in the mechanism of intermolecular interaction, which depends on the structure of the molecules of lubricants. It was determined that the piezoelectric coefficient naturally decreases with an increase in dynamic viscosity in the entire considered range of normal pressures.
ABOUT THE POSSIBILITY OF CREATING AN EFFICIENT ENERGY ANALYZER OF CHARGED PARTICLE BEAMS BASED ON AXIALLYSYMMETRIC OCTUPOLE-CYLINDRICAL FIELD
Authors:   E.A. Buketov Karaganda University, Karaganda, Kazakhstan, Kambarova Zh.T.
Published: July 2021

One of the problems in creating systems for energy analysis of charged particles beams is to determine the deflecting field and calculation the shape of the deflecting electrodes. This article is devoted to the study of the possibility of creating an effective energy analyzer of charged particle beams based on multipole electrode systems. A previously unstudied type of a multipole-cylindrical field - an electrostatic axially-symmetrical octupole-cylindrical field was chosen as the deflecting field. The field is formed by using the superposition of an electrostatic cylindrical field and a circular octupole of various contributions. The family of the equipotentials of cylindrical octupoles with planes of symmetry and antisymmetry is calculated. The calculation and analysis of equipotential portraits of the electrostatic axially-symmetric octupole-cylindrical fields with different weight contributions of the cylindrical field and circular octupole are carried out.
Features of assessment of primary school students in the context of updated educational content
Authors:   Karagandy university of the name of academician E.A.Buketov, Kazakhstan, Abildina S. , Kopbalina K. ,   Karagandy university of the name of academician E.A.Buketov, Kazakhstan, Musina V. ,   Karagandy university of the name of academician E.A.Buketov, Kazakhstan, Beisenbayeva A. ,   Karagandy university of the name of academician E.A.Buketov, Kazakhstan
Published: July 2021

The article discusses the issue of transition of Kazakhstan secondary education to the updated content, reveals the main categories of the updated assessment system: assessment, criterial assessment, formative assessment. One of the goals of assessment is the formation and maintenance of students' motivation for purposeful learning. The introduced criterion assessment system is aimed at developing a student, increasing his motivation to learn. The role of formative assessment, evaluation criteria, feedback for each student and his parents becomes important. The authors formulate a number of features of the introduction of formative evaluation of the learning outcomes of primary school students. The article presents the results of a survey to identify the level of educational motivation of pupils in primary classes in the context of the implementation of criterion assessment. Based on a theoretical analysis of the sources, the results of the survey, the authors draw conclusions. The authors emphasize that the formative assessment conducted in primary school is aimed at working with each student, identifying the achievements of younger students and determining the level of skills and abilities, as well as systematically measuring the educational progress of students, which allows them to more accurately and objectively evaluate the achievements of each child. promotes the growth of the child, taking into account the interests and abilities of the student.
Effects of sequence and storytelling methods on EFL development of an adult learner
Authors:   KIMEP University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Lee S. , Pak D. ,   KIMEP University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: July 2021

This article presents the effects of sequence and storytelling methods on an adult beginner learner’s English language development. Being a powerful and natural way to learn, convey, and retain information, these methods offer a number of benefits, such as improving learners’ language proficiency, increasing learner participation, providing learners with cultural experience and encouraging creativity. The following research questions guided the study: 1) How do sequence and storytelling methods motivate an adult language learner to improve English? 2) What linguistic aspects do sequence and storytelling methods develop in the learner’s English? A qualitative research approach, specifically a case study, was used to investigate these questions. The findings demonstrate that sequence and storytelling methods of teaching EFL positively contribute to English speaking proficiency and empowerment by motivating the learner. The participant of this case study appreciated the benefits of sequence and storytelling teaching techniques as they addressed her individual needs and increased her learning enjoyment, cultural awareness, and language ability.
The use of multilingualism in excursion classes in biology (on the example of the greenhouse of the children's and youth center for ecology and tourism)
Authors:   NJSC «Pavlodar Pedagogical University», Pavlodar, Kazakhstan, Morosh A. , Tarasovskaya N. ,   NJSC «Pavlodar Pedagogical University», Pavlodar, Kazakhstan;, Kabdolova G. ,   NJSC «Pavlodar Pedagogical University», Pavlodar, Kazakhstan;, Khamzina Sh. ,   Innovative Eurasian University Pavlodar, Kazakhstan, Solovyev S. ,   Omsk State University named after F.M. Dostoevsky Omsk, Russia
Published: July 2021

Education is an area of social and cultural human’s life, which is made becoming spiritually mature, highly moral person, able to defend the universal, common cultural values. Education is impossible without accomplishment, and accomplishment should be targeted. Multicultural component in the educational system of any educational institution at the moment is vital, especially in our multinational country. A special place in the education of children and adolescents take humanities, and in particular the study of foreign languages by children. At the present stage in the conditions of intercultural communication is becoming increasingly common model of multilingual education. In this regard, the fundamental purpose of education should be training people in the new model of development of the international community based on universal, global values, the formation skills in children and teens to communicate and interact with representatives of neighboring cultures and in space. Educational institutions not only provide the necessary general and professional knowledge, but also to translate socio-cultural values form the patterns of behavior and skills of intercultural communication, contribute to the formation of an international, multi-cultural identity of the individual.
Hematological and biochemical indicators of rainbown trout blood depending on lysin and methionine levels in feed
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kondratiuk V. М.
Published: July 2021

The effect of use of complete feed with different lysine and methionine levels on the hematological and biochemical indicators of rainbow trout blood is studied in the article. The aim of the experiment was to establish the effect of different levels of amino acid nutrition of commercial rainbow trout on hematological and biochemical indicators of its blood. For this purpose, five experimental groups were formed by the analog method. The study lasted 210 days and was divided into two periods: equalizing (10 days) and basic (200 days). In the equalizing period, the trial fish consumed feed of the control group. In the basic period of the experiment, the level of lysine and methionine in the production feed ranged from 2.5 to 2.9% and from 0.8 to 1.0%, respectively. It was found that the different content of lysine and methionine in the diets of two-year-old rainbow trout did not cause significant changes in biochemical indicators of blood. The increase in the content of limiting amino acids in the combined feed of young rainbow trout caused slight deviations in hemoglobin content compared to control. The analysis of the obtained results revealed the highest content of erythrocytes (1.28 T/l) in the blood of specimen of experimental group 5, the level of amino acids in combined feeds was the lowest. Its highest content was found in the blood plasma of trout of experimental group 4, which received combined feed with a content of 2.8 % lysine and 0.95 % methionine. The concentration of total protein in the blood serum was almost the same in all experimental groups of commercial rainbow trout. It was found that different levels of amino acid nutrition of rainbow trout did not affect the dynamics of changes in the blood cell morphology differentials.
Evolution of animal health economy
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Zhukovskyi M. O. , Nedosekov V. V. ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine
Published: July 2021

The article study the foundation, stages of formation and development of the animal health economy. The main scientific schools and their contribution to the development of animal health economics are highlighted. It is established that the economics of animal health is a dynamic and relatively new field of research, currently little explored are economic tools that cover the problems of animal health and the functioning of the veterinary service. Currently, new priority areas for the development of animal health economics are the study of the economics of livestock systems and animal health problems due to the impact of these systems, in particular transboundary emergent animal diseases. Undoubtedly, one of the main criteria for sustainable livestock is animal welfare and biosecurity, which are priorities of the "One World, One Health" concept established by the FAO, OIE and WHO Triumvirate in 2009. It is the consolidation of these criteria and the laws of economics will ensure the sustainable development of animal husbandry. It is extremely necessary to establish its own scientific school, which will take into account the world experience, realities and features of veterinary medicine and animal husbandry and be implemented in modern science and livestock production of Ukraine. Since Ukraine has for many years stood aside from the development of such areas of economic research as animal health economics and relied on the outdated system of determining the economic efficiency of veterinary measures, which inherited from the planned economy, it is now necessary to start its own scientific school. take into account the world experience and realities and features of the field of veterinary medicine and animal husbandry of our country. In the dynamically developing livestock industries (poultry farming, pig farming) there are already own economic features of veterinary services and animal health management, which do not fully correspond to world trends and promising areas of veterinary management. Therefore, it is already necessary to offer production economic approaches and methods of financing anti-epizootic measures, ensuring the health of livestock, veterinary management, forecasting the feasibility of treatment taking into account the political, social, economic, economic and environmental characteristics of Ukraine.
Rational depth of diagnosis of operating injury of engines of agricultural machines
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Rogovskii I. L.
Published: July 2021

The analysis is based on data that were timed during the operation and repair of diesel engines of agricultural machines and, in particular, engineering monitoring about the most frequent characteristic failures of parts and elements of power energy institutions, as well as about possible causes of the course and development of typical inequalities. The typical causes of failures of elements of diesel power plants, which can be different, have been determined. First, the specific design features of a particular type of engine, which may be uncharacteristic for other typical diesel engines and must be eliminated by appropriate changes to the diesel engine design. Second, improper operation of the diesel engine, such as misapplication, inadequacy of grade fuel and oil refueling design failure. Thirdly, sudden failures for the use in the manufacture of a diesel engine of some materials, defective parts, as well as significant violations of installation and adjustment technologies. In order to prevent failures, choosing the above reasons, it is necessary to correct design flaws, improve technical control, follow the operating instructions, as well as carry out organizational diagnostic measures. In this article, attention is paid to malfunctions and defects, the development of which is caused by natural processes of equipment degradation under load, ensuring the working processes of the diesel engine and its systems, as well as additional accelerating factors, such as contamination of the coolant, oil, fuel, an increase in backlash and clearances, enough values for long-term operation of diesel power plants of agricultural machines of various types.
SYSTEM COMPETITION: CONCEPT, PROBLEMS AND LIMITS
Authors: Franz Peter LANG
Published: July 2021

Features of competition between jurisdictions (states, municipalities, regions) for mobile factors (labor, investment, human capital) in the integrated world economy are con­sidered, in which there are four freedoms (freedom of trade (mobility of goods), freedom (mobility) of services, free movement of capital) and free movement of people) are guaran­teed. The main features of international rivalry in a globalized world are analyzed. Pro­spects for the development of states in the conditions of constitutional competition in the existing integration structures are established.
REFRAMING OF THE TOURIST BRANDING CONCEPT
Authors: Margaryta BOІKO , Myroslava BOSOVSKA , Alla OKHRIMENKO
Published: July 2021

Background. The use of innovative tools in various spheres of Ukraine’s tourist sys­tem, including in particular its branding, will provide new development opportunities in the context of the global pandemic COVID-19. Analysis of recent research and publications has shown that the problems of for­ma­tion Ukraine’s national tourism brand require systematic comprehensive research despite scientific interest and practical necessity. The aim of the article is to substantiate the peculiarities of reframing concept (from English reframe – to do over, to change) of tourism branding on the basis of the holistic approach. Materials and methods. The portfolio tools and methods of scientific research such as analysis, synthesis, analytical researches; systematization, decomposition and generali­za­tion were used to substantiate the concept of the national tourist brand of Ukraine, structuring of the process of tourist brand formation, descriptors identification of the brand semantic model. Results. Scientific hypotheses about the correlation between the share of problem loans in the total volume of issued loans and the ratio of individual macroeconomic indi­cators of the country’s development were suggested; their empirical testing was carried out. The range of proposals, based on the results of this study, was developed. It included res­triction of high-risk balance and off-balance banks credit operations; introduction of the mechanism for mandatory stress testing of credit risk, taking into account key indicators that characterize the level of global misbalances; establishment of a direct relationship bet­ween the level of credit rating of the country and the degree of credit activity of its banks; establishment by the mega-regulator of the critical value of the ratio between the volume of financial assets and GDP; determination of tight credit risk standards, etc. The implement­tation of these proposals will stabilize the situation in global financial markets. Conclusion. The generated national brand is a means of increasing tourist interest in Ukraine and a prerequisite for the tourist flows growth. The national brand value is not only in the feasibility to create a positive image, increase the benefits of activities in global, regional and national markets, but also in strengthening the country’s position at the inter­national level. Global economic asymmetries in tourism are not homogeneous, therefore new impul­ses and new quality of tourism can be obtained through the development of the tourism branding concept, which depends on the socio-economic and cultural impact of the tourist destina­tion, its attractiveness to potential tourists and export-oriented development model of tourism.
MARKETING PRICING POLICY OF RETAIL CHAINS
Authors: Olena LABURTSEVA
Published: July 2021

Background. The problems of marketing pricing policy in the economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic are attracting more and more attention. In particular, there is a need for a theoretical generalization of the pricing practice of retail chains. Analysis of recent research and publications has revealed that theproblem of analysis of the practice of formation and implementation of pricing policy by retail chains in Ukraine is not solved. The aim of the article is to form a methodical approach to the analysis of marketing pricing policy of retail chains in the Ukrainian market, determining their price positioning, as well as tools for differentiating price proposals through promotions and loyalty programs. Materials and methods. Materials of 13 scientific works were used. Methods of calcu­lation of relative and average values were used to determine the price positioning of retail chains; comparison and grouping were used to systematize price promotions and loyalty programs; logical method was used to formulate conclusions about the peculiarities of marketing pricing of retail chains. Results. The essence and basic decisions of marketing pricing policy are consi­dered. A methodical approach to the analysis of the pricing policy of retail trade networks is proposed. The price positioning of the leading food retail chains, the features of their price actions and loyalty programs are determined. Conclusion. The pricing policy of retail chains is aimed at diversifying prices for the buyers in order to complicate competitive comparisons, but in the general level of pri­ces and tools for their differentiation there is a tendency to the strategic positioning of each chain.
STUDY OF THE ACCUMULATION OF HEAVY METALS IN THE PHYTOMASS OF ANNUAL HERBS AT VARIOUS METHODS OF AGROCHEMICAL RECLAMATION
Authors: Ilinskiy A.
Published: July 2021

The results of a lysimetric experiment on podzolized chernozem in the conditions of technogenesis to study the processes of translocation of heavy metals and microelements for annual grasses using various methods of agrochemical reclamation are presented. Studies have shown that the lowest rate of accumulation in plants of copper, zinc, lead and cadmium is observed with the combined use of organic fertilizers with lime: the values of the coefficients of biological absorption were 2,24; 6,35; 1,52 and 3,50 respectively.
ABNORMAL UTERINE BLEEDING IN PUBERTAL GIRLS, MANAGEMENT TACTICS
Authors: Mishina A. , Kazakova A. , Lineva O. , Frolova E. , Vinogradova A. , Kruppakova I. , Dufinets I.
Published: July 2021

Abnormal uterine bleeding (AMC) is one of the most common pathologies of the reproductive system in girls of the pubertal period, which is certainly a medical and social problem. The solution of this issue has been relevant for many years, the main area of   which is the development of preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic measures. The aim of the study was to study the features of the clinical picture of pubertal AMC, assessing the effectiveness of therapy. The study involved 140 girls from the city of Togliatti aged 10 to 15 years, who underwent a full clinical examination, assessment of psychological status, excluded chronic somatic diseases and diseases associated with a violation of the hemostasis system, sexual development according to Tanner corresponded to age norms. Two groups were formed: the first 30 girls diagnosed with abnormal uterine bleeding, who were on inpatient treatment, 110 girls received outpatient therapy. It has been established that AMCs are recurrent, which certainly requires preventive measures. The method of hemostasis in AMC should be selected individually, depending on the severity of bleeding and the characteristics of the clinical course. Antianemic therapy is necessary for all patients with signs of ZHD depending on severity, choosing the routes of administration of the drug, the duration of therapy.
NUMERICAL MODEL FOR AIR POLLUTION SIMULATION FROM ROAD TRANSPORT
Authors: Biliaiev M. , Biliaieva V. , Berlov O. , Kozachyna V.
Published: July 2021

The problem of air pollution modelling near road which is situated in complex terrain is under consideration. To simulate wind flow pattern in case of complex terrain Navier-Stokes’s equations were used. NavierStokes’s equations were written using Helmholtz variables. Numerical finite difference schemes of splitting were used for numerical integration of Navier-Stokes’s equations. Equation of connective-diffusive pollutant transfer was used to simulate air pollution. Finite difference scheme of splitting was used for numerical integration of convectivediffusive equation of pollutant transfer. Computer code was developed on the basis of created numerical model. The results of a numerical experiment are presented.
FAR EASTERN STORK (CICONIA BOYCIANA) IN THE MEGINO-KANGALASSKY DISTRICT OF THE REPUBLIC OF SAKHA (YAKUTIA)
Authors: Krivoshapkin A. , Sazonova M.
Published: July 2021

This paper presents information about the possible expansion of the range of the Far Eastern stork
STUDY ON EFFECTS OF RGPO TO RANGE TRACKING SYSTEM OF TARGETING RADAR
Authors: Hoa Tien Vu , Ngoc Lam Trinh , Van Long Hoang
Published: July 2021

The article informs reader about the research results of characteristic features and affecting factors of RGPO, which appear in the range tracking system of Doppler mono-pulse targeting radars. Based on the research results, necessary requirements for security of the range tracking system are formulated. The effective anti-RGPO methods are proposed.

Effective control of RGPO requires special method, including in the development special mathematical algorithms for early detection, analysis and recognition escape laws, as well as the method error compensation introduced by RGPO in the tracking system.

Alternative algorithm for early detection RGPO and their recognition is proposed, which makes it possible to construct a structure Tracking System with new detector of RGPO.
LOCALIZATION OF SOIL MONITORING DATA PROCESSING
Authors: Fartukov V. , Hanov N.
Published: July 2021

A tree of data analysis for the formation and preprocessing, storage and protection of data based on Big Data and Blockchain technologies has been developed. The developed algorithm allows for the classification of data on the state of the field, split testing of data, forecasting and machine learning for the implementation of differential irrigation with sprinklers.
DEVELOPMENT OF A PROCEDURE FOR JOINT DETERMINATION AND SEPARATION OF COBALT AND MOLYBDENUM COMPOUNDS FROM SOLUTIONS
Authors: Hacrinov A. , Hacrinova Yu. , Ahmetova R.
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the scientific problem of joint determination and separation of cobalt and molybdenum compounds in spent catalysts. For the joint extraction of cobalt and molybdenum from the solution in the form of their thiocyanate complexes, a common extractant, acetone, was introduced. A method for the colorimetric determination of these compounds in solutions is proposed. The concentration limits were determined at which the procedure for the joint determination of cobalt and molybdenum is performed. For cobalt - [0.1-2.0] g / l; for molybdenum - above 0.1 g / l. A method is proposed for the isolation of cobalt and molybdenum compounds with a change in the pH of the solution.
CALCULATED DETERMINATION OF PRE-HEATING PARAMETERS FOR WELDING POLYETHYLENE PIPES FOR GAS PIPELINES AT LOW AIR TEMPERATURES.
Authors: Tarabukin I.
Published: July 2021

According to regulatory documents, welding can be performed at ambient temperatures from minus 15 ° C to plus 45 ° C. When laying gas pipelines at a lower outside temperature, it is necessary to organize their heating to the required temperature. In this case, the temperature of the heated air should not be more than plus 60 ° C. If you start working with a polyethylene (PE) pipe at low temperatures, then the PE pipe will have completely different characteristics. The weld seam may not be reliable.
OUR EXPERIENCE IN DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF NECROTIZING FASCIITIS
Authors: Krasteva E. , Anastasova V. , Zunzov E.
Published: July 2021

Background: Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a severe, relatively rare and potentially deadly infection, which is usually caused by one or two pathogenic microorganisms. The target areas that are affected are the skin and the subcutaneous tissues of the lower and the upper limbs, the scrotum, the perineal region (Fournier gangrene) and the abdominal wall. The early diagnosis and aggressive surgical treatment are of great importance for the outcome of this potentially lethal disease. 

Methods: Eleven patients with diagnosis of NF had been treated in the Clinic of Plastic and Reconstructive surgery of St. George Hospital, Plovdiv for a five-year period (2013-2018). Based on the demographic, clinical and laboratory data the presurgical, the following surgical treatment, and the postsurgical management were analyzed.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 58.7 years (median: 56 years, range 37–87 years) and 75% were men. Old age (above 65 years) and female gender correlated significantly with lethality. Most often the regions affected were the perineum and the scrotum (46.8%), followed by lower limbs (35.5%), upper limbs and abdominal wall (8.1%). Diabetes mellitus, oncologic diseases, alcohol addiction and chronic hepatic and renal diseases were found to be predisposing factors for development of NF. We started treatment with broad spectrum antibiotics, early and vigorous drainage and meticulous debridement with wide excision of the damaged tissues. Vacuum therapy was applied as part of the treatment of the defects. It allowed continuous wound cleaning and accelerated formation of granulation tissue, followed by definite closure of the defect.

Conclusion: The diagnosis of NF needs adequate proceedings and treatment of the cases among surgeons as its clinical presentation is unspecific. The prompt surgical debridement and excision is the mainstay in the treatment of all patients and repeated surgical excisions are required. Plastic surgery is an undeniable stage in the complex treatment of NF regarding the large size of the wound and necessity of definite closure of the soft tissue defects.
CHRONIC DEMYELINIZING POLYNEUROPATHY: ETIOPATHOGENETIC, CLINICAL ASPECTS, MODERN DIRECTIONS OF MEDICAL THERAPY
Authors: Meshcheryakova A. , Vorobyova A.
Published: July 2021

Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is a rare autoimmune disorder of the peripheral nervous system. The article discusses the practical experience of using off label therapy with rituximab in the complex treatment of a patient with a progressive course of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. Due to the ineffectiveness of standard therapy, the option of treatment with genetically engineered drugs (rituximab) was considered. The use of rituximab contributed to the achievement of positive dynamics and an improvement in the patient's quality of life.
BORROWED LEXICAL TERMS IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE OF MEDICINE
Authors: Nazarova M.
Published: July 2021

The article aims to review notion and issues of borrowed words and the ways of using English borrowed words that are employed in the field of medicine. The article seeks to identify the lexical, morphological structure of English loan words, and analyzes medical borrowed words and translations in Karakalpak language. In the article, descriptive, comparative analysis methods are used. Moreover, the author considers that there are some differences and the similarities that exist between the English and Karakalpak medical borrowed words and their expressions. As medicine having a long history, it is obvious that different nations might have contributed to its development that has been accompanied by the creation of the terminology necessary to describe the discoveries made and to express the concepts that evolved in the course of this development. Therefore, our purpose in this paper is to highlight some of the linguistic contributions made to Medical English by a number of foreign medical languages.
DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNICAL SKILLS AND ABILITIES OF OLDER PRESCHOOL CHILDREN IN THE PROCESS OF APPLICATION
Authors: Senkina M.
Published: July 2021

The relevance of the study is due to the fact that at present the education system is focused on the development of a person's personality. It is at the preschool age that the foundations of the artistic and aesthetic development of the child are founded, creative consciousness is formed. Therefore, the use of productive forms of activity in the organization of education and leisure of preschoolers is very important, one of which is application. This article analyzes the theoretical and practical experience of using the application in preschool education. The author examines the methods, means and techniques that ensure the development of technical skills and abilities of older preschool children in the process of application. Particular attention is paid to the development of aesthetic perception through interaction with objects of art and the surrounding reality. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that the author substantiated the psychological and pedagogical conditions for the successful implementation of application activities by preschoolers, for the formation of technical skills and abilities in children during the application process, taking into account their age and individual characteristics, and shows the specificity of performing application work in different age groups of preschoolers. The article offers recommendations for the development of technical skills of older preschool children in the process of application, which can subsequently be used in their pedagogical activities by preschool educators and parents.
Praktyczne aspekty transgranicznego przesyłu broni palnej za pośrednictwem Internetu
Authors: Kurzyński Michał , Tomczyk Arkadiusz
Published: July 2021

Publikacja przedstawia procedurę przesyłu broni palnej do Polski z terenu innych państw członkowskich, wskazując na praktyczne aspekty nie znajdujące się w obowiązujących uregulowaniach prawnych. Autorzy przeanalizowali problematykę związaną ze specyficzną procedurą przesyłu tego towaru, uwzględniając trudności wynikające z wykorzystaniem operatora pocztowego do usługi przewozu broni palnej oraz dylematami definicyjnymi związanymi z pojęciem broni palnej w obecnym stanie prawnym.

Publikacja zawiera również sugestię zmian w obowiązujących przepisach, która umożliwi uporządkowanie problematyki przesyłu broni palnej wraz z możliwością właściwego uregulowania tej problematyki, co w przyszłości mogłoby wykluczyć sprzeczności wynikające z rozbieżności pomiędzy przepisami ustawy o broni i amunicji a obowiązującymi aktami wykonawczymi określającymi warunki przesyłania broni.
Urlop ojcowski w świetle przepisów prawa pracy
Authors: Majchrzak Katarzyna
Published: July 2021

Urlop ojcowski jest uprawnieniem pracownika-ojca, który wychowuje dziecko. Uprawnienie to nie może być przekazane żadnej innej osobie. Wymiar urlopu wynosi 2 tygodnie i jest niezależny od takich okoliczności jak: staż pracy, rodzaj umowy czy podstawa nawiązania stosunku pracy. Warunkiem jego udzielenia jest złożenie pisemnego wniosku, nie później niż 7 dni przed rozpoczęciem korzystania z urlopu. Pracodawca jest zobowiązany uwzględnić wniosek pracownika. Urlop ojcowski przysługuje do ukończenia przez dziecko 24 miesiąca życia albo 24 miesięcy od uprawomocnienia się postanowienia orzekającego przysposobienie dziecka, lecz nie dłużej niż do ukończenia przez dziecko 7 lat lub 10 lat w przypadku odroczenia obowiązku szkolnego.

W okresie urlopu ojcowskiego pracownikowi przysługuje zasiłek macierzyński. Pracownik-ojciec w okresie urlopu ojcowskiego korzysta z wielu uprawnień pracowniczych związanych ze szczególną ochroną trwałości stosunku pracy.
Wybrane zagadnienia statusu podatnika jako podmiotu indywidualnego właściwego czynu zabronionego z art. 54 Kodeksu karnego skarbowego
Authors: Frąckowiak Kamil
Published: July 2021

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest określenie granic desygnatu „podatnik” jako podmiotu czynu zabronionego z art. 54 k.k.s., a w konsekwencji wyznaczenia zakresu odpowiedzialności karnej przez pryzmat tego ustawowego znamienia. Na gruncie prawa karnego skarbowego, podatnikiem jest jedynie ten, czyj obowiązek podatkowy ma swe źródło w przepisach ustawy podatkowej, określających zobowiązany podmiot oraz przedmiot i stawkę opodatkowania. W praktyce orzeczniczej jak i doktrynie prawa karnego skarbowego ujawniły się dwa poglądy odnośnie zagadnienia powiązania podmiotu z przedmiotem opodatkowania czy za podatnika można uznać sprawcę prowadzącego nielegalną działalność gospodarczą.

Autor  dochodzi do wniosku, że ograniczenie odpowiedzialności karnej z art. 54 k.k.s. jedynie do działalności legalnej, kreuje nieakceptowalną sytuację lepszego traktowania osób, które dokonywały czynności wobec uzyskanych nielegalnie wyrobów, od tych, które je wykonywały wobec wyrobów, które takich cech „nielegalności” nie posiadają. Tym samym na gruncie prawa karnego skarbowego okoliczność posiadania statusu podatnika w rozumieniu prawa podatkowego powinna rodzić odpowiednią odpowiedzialność karną m.in. za czyn zabroniony z art. 54 k.k.s..
Wiktymogeneza a psychospołeczna charakterystyka ofiar zabójstw homoseksualnych
Authors: Lisiecki Mirosław Jan
Published: July 2021

Niniejszy artykuł prezentuje wyniki jedynych w Polsce badań nad problematyką wiktymogenezy i kryminogenezy zabójstw homoseksualnych. Przy czym przedmiotem pierwszej części tego cyklu publikacji jest psychospołeczna charakterystyka ofiar w procesie wiktymogenezy. Ofiary tej kategorii zabójstw cechują się szczególną podatnością wiktymologiczną w związku z realizacją swoich potrzeb seksualnych. Analiza zachowania się ofiar zabójstw homoseksualnych potwierdza, że istnieje ścisły związek z bezpośrednią kontaktową relacją sprawcy i ofiary, gdzie działanie sprawcy jest związane z zachowaniem się ofiary, a niekiedy wręcz od niej zależne. W opracowaniu została przedstawiona charakterystyka psychospołeczna ofiar w aspekcie predestynacji wiktymologicznej, tj. wiek, płeć, pochodzenie społeczne, wykształcenie, zawód, źródło utrzymania i sytuacja majątkowa, stan cywilny i rodzinny, sytuacja mieszkaniowa i miejsce zamieszkania w odniesieniu do wiktymizacji tempore criminis. Cechy dystynktywne ofiar zabójstw homoseksualnych porównano także z wiktymogenezą ofiar innych kategorii zabójstw, których wyniki badań przedstawiono w literaturze kryminologicznej.