bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kaposiform lymphangiomatosis with Kasabach–Merritt phenomenon
Authors: Khachatryan L. A. , Novichkova G. A. , Vasilieva M. S. , Kletskaya I. S. , Scherbakov A. P. , Maschan A. A.
Published: May 2023

Kaposiform lymphangiomatosis (KLA) is an aggressive lymphatic anomaly associated with bone involvement, serositis occurring at various sites, the development of Kasabach–Merritt phenomenon, and frequent infectious complications. The International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies classifies KLA as a subtype of generalized lymphatic anomaly. The mTOR-inhibitor rapamycin in combination with symptomatic treatment is the most common specific treatment. However, there are no standard approaches to the management of KLA. Even with modern diagnostic tools and combination therapy, the 5-year survival rate is 51 %, and the average life expectancy is 2.75 years. This article presents a classic case of KLA associated with Kasabach–Merritt phenomenon that was successfully managed with rapamycin and a liposomal form of doxorubicin as specific therapy. The patient's parents gave consent to the use of their child's data, including photographs, for research purposes and in publications.
The effects of correction of vitamin D deficiency in children undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Klevakin D. E. , Vakhonina L. V. , Kostenko D. E. , Fechina L. G.
Published: May 2023

Literature data suggest that vitamin D (VD) deficiency may adversely affect many systems of the body, not only skeletal system, as believed earlier, but also central nervous system, cardiovascular system, urinary system, and immune system, which is particularly important for patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Two consecutive studies of VD deficiency after allogeneic HSCT in pediatric patients showed that VD deficiency was associated with decreased overall survival. The correction of VD deficiency was also reported to be a challenge, and in some cases higher doses of VD were needed (200 IU/kg/day or more), but even with this more aggressive approach VD deficiency could persist. In this article, we present a literature review on this topic as well as our data on the management of VD deficiency and monitoring of serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-HVD) levels in 18 children undergoing allogeneic HSCT at our hospital. This study was approved by the Independent Ethics Committee of the Regional Children's Clinical Hospital (Yekaterinburg). Unfortunately, because of the small size of the patient group we were not able to obtain reliable scientific data. However, here we present our approach to the clinical management of VD deficiency, personalized dosing of VD, and safe therapeutic ranges of VD metabolites in blood. The majority of HSCT recipients in our study achieved therapeutic levels of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol. Treatment of VD deficiency in children undergoing allogeneic HSCT is a promising way to improve overall survival, but further studies are needed to develop optimal clinical strategies.
Experience with the use of Hizentra, an immunoglobulin preparation for subcutaneous administration, in patients with primary immunodeficiency diseases
Authors: Avedova A. Ya. , Rodina Yu. А. , Yukhacheva D. V. , Burlakov V. I. , Deripapa E. V. , Shcherbina A. Yu.
Published: May 2023

Immunoglobulin replacement therapy is the gold standard of treatment for patients with antibody deficiencies.

   We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of replacement therapy with subcutaneous immunoglobulin (SCIG) Hizentra in patients with primary immunodeficiencies.

   This study was approved by the Independent Ethics Committee and the Academic Council of the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology. All patients and / or their legal representatives gave informed consent for this treatment. In our study, 12 patients under 18 years of age with various forms of primary immunodeficiencies who had previously received intravenous immunoglobulin were switched to SCIG treatment to receive weekly infusions of Hizentra. Therapy SCIG was administered weekly at a dose of 0.1–0.15 g/kg by rapid push infusion. All patients received Hizentra for at least 3 months. None of the patients included in the study developed severe infections. Immunoglobulin G levels in blood after 3 months of SCIG therapy were significantly higher compared to those achieved on previous intravenous immunoglobulin therapy. There were no severe adverse events associated with Hizentra administration. Our study demonstrated Hizentra to be effective and safe for the treatment of children with various forms of primary immunodeficiencies.
Acute graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic stem cell transplantation from a haploidentical donor with post-transplant cyclophosphamide administration
Authors: Bazaev A. A. , Kozlovskaya S. N. , Sultanova E. R. , Skvortsova Yu. V.
Published: May 2023

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the only curative treatment for many life-threatening diseases. Due to the difficulty of finding an HLA-identical donor, transplantation from a haploidentical donor has become a frequent alternative. This option is associated with a higher risk of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). In this article, we present the current view on the pathogenesis, treatment and prevention of GVHD and report a clinical case of acute GVHD after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from a haploidentical donor with post-transplant cyclophosphamide prophylaxis. The patient's parents gave consent to the use of their child's data, including photographs, for research purposes and in publications.
La reflexión poética de Vittorio Sereni en los años del boom económico en Italia y la estructura de Gli strumenti umani
Authors: Muñoz Rivas José
Published: May 2023

El artículo aborda la preparación por parte de Vittorio Sereni de su poemario Gli strumenti umani, con el que trabajosamente consiguió a mitad de los años sesenta salir del denominado «silencio poético». La estructura del nuevo libro, realmente compleja, se resiente del empeño del poeta por ofrecer una continuidad a su poética de finales de los años treinta reflejada en Frontiera (1941) y Diario di Algeria (1947), y al mismo tiempo, de mostrar la evolución de su arte poético, del impresionismo y hermetismo iniciales hacia una poesía más eminentemente prosaica, más existencial que esencial. Más cerca de la experimentación y evolución de las formas y contenidos poéticos del Novecientos que de su continuidad.
El poema moderno como metapoesía en la lírica de Rosa Romojaro
Authors: Guzmán Luna Gemma Libertad
Published: May 2023

En su dimensión simbólica, la mirada hacia el propio lenguaje constituye uno de los temas principales de la poesía contemporánea. Esta naturaleza ficcional se relaciona con la mímesis aristotélica. En este marco de poética moderna y de sus presupuestos metapoéticos, la lírica de Rosa Romojaro, vinculada al neobarroco y al neopurismo, contiene en una de sus líneas una reflexión modélica sobre la metapoesía que alcanza todo el proceso poético: la invención, el texto, la escritura y la lectura. Su obra también ofrece una modélica conciencia teórica del proceso de escritura del poema.
Los problemas imaginarios: Francisco Ayala, Juan Marichal y Américo Castro en el debate sobre España
Authors: Creus Visiers Eduardo
Published: May 2023

En la década que precede al fin del franquismo, destacados intelectuales liberales reflexionan sobre España en diversos escritos que la editorial mexicana Finisterre difundirá en los volúmenes de su colección «Perspectivas españolas». Sin intención de prolongar el debate sobre el problema patrio, cuya superación ya vislumbran, los textos de Francisco Ayala, Juan Marichal y Américo Castro aquí examinados constituyen un diálogo y una reflexión política en torno al alcance y los límites del pensamiento nacionalista español.
Comparison of a commercially available veterinary digital refractometer to analogue refractometer and laboratory chemistry analyzer in the evaluation of canine serum total protein
Authors: Carignan Katie , Thevelein Britt A. L. , Brainard Benjamin M. , Koenig Amie
Published: May 2023

OBJECTIVE

To assess the agreement between measurements of total protein (TP) concentrations in canine serum samples between a commercially available veterinary digital refractometer (DR), an analog handheld refractometer (AR), and a laboratory-based chemistry analyzer (LAB). An additional objective was to assess the effects of various potential interferents (ie, hyperbilirubinemia, increased BUN, hyperglycemia, hemolysis, and lipemia) on DR measurements.

SAMPLE

108 canine serum samples.

PROCEDURES

Serum samples were measured in duplicate on the DR, which reported TP concentration, assessed via optical reflectance and critical angle measurement. These serum samples were also assessed on the AR and LAB for comparison. Serum samples with grossly visible lipemia, hemolysis, and icterus were noted. Medical records were retrospectively assessed to determine concentrations of BUN, glucose, and bilirubin.

RESULTS

Method comparisons among the various data generated by the analyzers were completed using linear regression, Bland Altman, and calculation of intraclass coefficients. Mean bias between DRTP and LABTP in samples without potential interferents was 0.54 g/dL with 95% limits of agreement of –0.17 to 1.27 g/dL. One-third of DRTP samples without potential interferents had > 10% difference from their LABTP comparison. Interferents, particularly marked hyperglycemia, can result in inaccurate measurements on the DR.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

There was a statistically significant difference between DRTP and LABTP measurements. TP measurements in samples with any potential interferent, particularly hyperglycemia, should be assessed cautiously on DR and AR.
People Exchange: A British Council’s Post-Colonial Distinguished Cultural Investment
Authors: Sahel Malika
Published: May 2023

Since the beginning of the post-colonial era, preserving already acquired links and pioneered cultural ties cultivated during the colonial era with overseas people, has remained a priority for the British Council. The latter did not mince efforts to protect British interests, particularly when strong competition from more powerful countries could threaten British position on the international scene. Thus, the Council’s People Exchange activity was considered as one of the most important cultural investment on which the British Council could rely to back Britain in times of turbulences.
Theoretical Approach to Enhance Information Literacy and Lifelong Learning Through Montessori Methodology
Authors: Boté Juan-José
Published: May 2023

This work is a theoretical proposal to apply the strongest points from the Montessori methodology to improve information literacy through lifelong learning. Since lifelong learning includes cognition and skills, information literacy permits the solving of problems as well as effectively communicating and interacting with the environment. This means having abilities and skills that through adequate training permit the acquisition of new knowledge or improving knowledge on any topic, within a formal or informal environment. It also could permit seeking, managing, and comparing information. However, there are some questions that arise with older individuals. Since lifelong learning usually takes place in informal environments, getting resources to learn may be a difficult task. Learning difficulties also involve information abstraction, text comprehension, and technological barriers. Consequently, lifelong learning and information literacy are likely to be affected. The question comes up as to which pedagogical methodology may fit better for lifelong learning and the acquisition of better information literacy skills. Task breakdown, guided repetition, and ordering activities from simple to complex are essential keys in the Montessori methodology, which help not only older people but also children to enhance information literacy as well as assist with lifelong learning.
Protests in Europe in Times of Crisis -The Case of Greece, Ireland and Portugal
Authors: Silva Célia Taborda
Published: May 2023

The year 2008 was marked by a financial crisis that started in the United States but quickly spread to the rest of the world. Subprime-related, this crisis was linked to property speculation, leveraged by the banking sector. This crisis quickly spread to Europe due to exposure of European economies to international markets. To avoid economic collapse the States decided to intervene in the banking sector, nationalizing some banks and injecting capital in others. Some European countries not to enter bankruptcy had to ask for external financial support between 2010-11, was the case of Greece, Ireland and Portugal. The aid granted by the Troika (European Union, European Central Bank, International Monetary Fund) to European countries referenced advocated a drastic austerity plan. Faced with such a scenario of crisis, austerity, unemployment and precariousness, Europeans came to the streets to demonstrate their discontent with the crisis but also with politicians and policies implemented to solve the economic problems. Throughout Europe there were large protests, especially in the countries that received international aid. From a corpus taken from newspapers and from a theoretical framework of social movements we intend to verify if there was a direct relationship between crisis and contestation in the three countries that had external aid and if this crisis returned the centrality to materials on European social movements.
A New Biological Product Shows Promising Control of the Northern Root-Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne hapla, in Greenhouse Tomatoes
Authors: Darling Elisabeth , Palmisano Abigail , Chung Henry , Quintanilla-Tornel Marisol
Published: May 2023

Tomato plants are susceptible to significant yield losses when infested by the northern root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne hapla. While there are many options for conventional chemical management, few of these options offer effective control for organic growers or those who seek to adopt more environmentally considerate strategies. In this study, we showed that a new, biologically based product (referred to as “MN21.2”) has potential for controlling populations of the northern root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne hapla, as a pest of susceptible tomato (cv. Rutgers) in a greenhouse trial. This is significant because if this product’s efficacy is supported under field conditions, it may provide organic tomato growers with a valuable tool for fighting the plant-parasitic nematode pest, M. hapla.
ANALISIS DISPERSI EMISI CEROBONG PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK DI PT. INDONESIA POWER BALI PGU PESANGGARAN
Authors: Sutasoma I Wayan Gde , Nuarsa I Wayan , Sara Wijana I Made
Published: May 2023

Air as an important environmental component in life that needs to be maintained and improved in quality. The presence of human activity causes the composition of clean air to undergo changes. Air pollution is caused by several factors. One of them is the industrial activities of power plants that use fossil fuels and natural gas. This research was conducted to monitor the distribution of emissions produced by power plants in PT. Indonesia Power Bali PGU uses Geographic Information System (GIS) technology and is validated using the paired t-test method. The result is that the direction of distribution of each emission parameter (SO2, NO2 and Dust (TSP)) follows the wind direction according to data obtained from BMKG with a downward trend according to the distance traveled. This is because emissions are propagated by wind with dispersion variables at any given distance. The degree of validity of the modeling analysis with the results of ambient air quality measurements at each monitoring point of the SO2 and NO2 parameters is no difference between the results obtained. However, for dust parameters (TSP) there are significant differences. This is due to atmospheric conditions at the time of sampling, the location of the monitoring point surrounded by buildings, 1 sample point being on the side of the highway, and community activities around the monitoring point location.

Keywords: Power Plant Emission; Air Quaity Control; Geographic Information System (GIS); Gaussian Disperssion
STATUS PENGELOLAAN PERIKANAN SIDAT (Anguilla Spp.) BERDASARKAN PADA PENDEKATAN EKOSISTEM DI DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI (DAS) CIMANDIRI, JAWA BARAT
Authors: Fachri Faridz Rizal , Arthana I Wayan , Merit I Nyoman , Mustofa Achmad
Published: May 2023

Anguilla spp. is a catadromous fish species that have high export value in supporting the livelihood and food source for the local community in the Cimandiri Watershed, West Java, which is involved in the Indonesian Fisheries Management Area - Inland Waters (WPPNRI-PD) 432. However, pressure on habitat and watershed ecosystems is leading to degradation due to anthropogenic activities is inevitable. This study aimed to determine the composite index of the seven domains and the eel-fishery management status performance based on the EAFM approach in the Cimandiri watershed. The research was carried out from April 2021–February 2022, using a quantitative method focused on testing theory by measuring research variables with numbers and analyzing data based on the findings in each domain. The ex-situ and in-situ data were collected through direct measurements and in-depth interviews with respondents. Subsequently, the composite scores of domains were calculated using flag modeling (multi-criteria analysis). The results highly likely indicated that habitat and social are the lowest-performance domains and require more attention for improvements. In general, the status of the eel fishery management using the EAFM approach in the Cimandiri watershed is fairly good. However, integration of multi-sectoral collaboration is highly needed through the development of effective co-management by maximizing the roles of the community to be further involved in planning and implementing the management actions of the Cimandiri watershed in the form of participative, community-based, toward sustainable use of the resources.

Kata kunci: Eel, Cimandiri Watershed, EAFM, Co-management
Sexist Language in Indonesian via Metaphor and Transitivity
Authors: Laksminy Luh Putu , Rajeg Gede Primahadi Wijaya
Published: May 2023

This paper discusses how stereotypes and/or attitudes and positions of women and men are reflected in sexist language, focusing on metaphorical sexist expressions and the study of syntactic structures such as transitivity and grammatical relations. Based on qualitative analysis of web-based linguistic data and two novels from a female author, we found that metaphorical sexist expressions in Indonesian conceptualise women as ANIMALS, COMMODITIES/GOODS, FOODS, and DUMPING SITES, indicating negative attitudes towards women. In terms of the transitivity analysis, we illustrate that the women character is portrayed as the undergoer of the action enacted by the man-actor. Overall, the findings indicate that unfavourable attitudes towards women can still be found in language and that could call for a change in language use without discriminating against women.
Dyplomacja sowiecka a paryska konferencja pokojowa w 1919 roku (Kilka refleksji)
Authors:   Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny w Krakowie, Wołos Mariusz
Published: May 2023

Already on the eve of the Paris Peace Conference, the Bolsheviks activated their diplomats, with neither ideological hostility nor the involvement of the victorious Entente forces in the Russian Civil War on the side of the “white” army disturbing this process. In December 1918 and January 1919, Soviet diplomats addressed US representatives with notes suggesting the termination of hostilities, negotiations of economic, political and military issues, and even the establishment of diplomatic relations. On the other hand, the Prime Minister of Great Britain, David Lloyd George, proposed to invite an all-Russian delegation, which could also include Bolsheviks, to the Paris Peace Conference. These proposals ended in a fiasco. Soviet diplomats were very interested in the course of the Paris Peace Conference and analyzed the provisions of the Versailles Treaty in detail. The Moscow authorities opposed the order established by the said treaty as well as the League of Nations. Still, Soviet diplomats emphasized that in accordance with Article 116 of the Versailles Treaty, Russia was owed war reparations and other damages compensation. However, the receipt of such compensation would have to result from Moscow at least partially accepting the Versailles Treaty. This issue determined the decision made by Soviet diplomats in later years to cancel the debts and liabilities that Russia was owed and to compensate the costs of foreign intervention in the Russian Civil War by setting them against the debts incurred by Russia in the Entente countries until the outbreak of World War I.
Flota pancerników drednotowych Państwa Słoweńców, Chorwatów i Serbów
Authors:   Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny w Krakowie, Jastrzębski Jarosław
Published: May 2023

Few people know today that for a short time there was a State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs, which should not be confused with the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, i.e., the later Yugoslavia. Despite its ephemeral existence, it managed to leave its mark on the history of dreadnought battleships for several days. In the course of the collapse of Austria-Hungary, it managed to take over 3 ships of this class, which were extremely modern for their time, and they represented, with their main weapons, the 4th generation of dreadnoughts. They were Viribus Unitis, Tegetthoff, and Prinz Eugen. It happened on October 31, 1918. On the second day, however, this new fleet lost one of these battleships, the Viribus Unitis, which had been sunk by Italian living torpedo. The other two battleships had to be surrendered to the victorious Entente, who refused to accept such mighty ships through some insignificant and small country and wanted this loot for herself. Thus, on November 9, 1918, the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs had to relinquish both units and temporarily hand them over to Italians.
Polacy wobec służby wojskowej w armiach zaborczych i polskich zbrojnych formacjach niepodległościowych w latach 1910–1918. Unikanie poboru i dezercje
Authors:   Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny w Krakowie, Kasprzycki Remigiusz
Published: May 2023

Before the outbreak of the Great War thousands of Poles living in Austria-Hungary, Russia and Germany were hiding from conscription to the army. However, this did not affect the efficient mobilization to the Austro-Hungarian, Russian and especially German armies in the summer of 1914. The desertions of the First World War were a bigger problem. In the years 1914–1918, Polish soldiers deserted both from the occupation forces and from Polish independence formations. The article introduces this issue.
Eskadra Lotnictwa Rozpoznawczego Wojsk Ochrony Pogranicza w ochronie granicy morskiej PRL w latach 1958–1991. Wybrane problemy
Authors:   Akademia Pomorska w Słupsku, Bieniecki Ireneusz , Szkurłat Izabela ,   Akademia Pomorska w Słupsku
Published: May 2023

The article presents the genesis of the air force of the Border Protection Forces, its development and its role in the protection of the Polish border sea Reconnaissance Aviation Squadron Reconnaissance Aviation Squadron in the years 1958-1991. It discussed, such issues such as: the creation of the Independent Reconnaissance Aviation Squadron WOP, tasks performed, the organisational structure of the subunit and its changes, the manning of the personnel and equipment owned by the squadron.
Bezpieczeństwo ekologiczne w zarządzaniu kryzysowym
Authors:   Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny w Krakowie, Kozera Andrzej
Published: May 2023

The ensurance of safety is one of the main tasks of each country. Traditionally, the key task in the area of national safety is the perception of threats and countering them, as well as the selection, preparation and organisation of resources and forces appropriate to the designated safety area. National safety is defined as the process and the quality of protecting the interests of citizens, the society and the state as an institution in all areas of their functioning against external and internal threats. It is also a procedure enabling the effective development of all secured entities as well as guaranteeing internal stability, sovereignty and the ability of presenting the state as an autonomous and fully legal subject in international relations. Characterised as such, national safety reflects as well as possible the country’s social character, the connection between nature and society, indications of the relationship between national safety and regional and global safety; it also considers the unity of safety of the individual, society and the state due to the ongoing globalisation processes.
Rola Armada de México w zapewnianiu bezpieczeństwa wewnętrznego państwa w latach 2006–2022
Authors:   Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny w Krakowie, Skrzyński Tomasz
Published: May 2023

The Mexican Navy is subordinate to the Ministry of Navy. In legal terms, it is equal to the Ministry of National Defence which functions parallel. During the period from 2006 to 2022, the Navy played a very significant role in the extensive struggle against organised crime and combating illegal migration controlled by state authorities. In recent years, also the involvement of the Navy in ensuring the functioning of other components of Mexico’s internal security system has been on the increase. This refers, among other things, to rescue services, healthcare system, transport security, economic safety, environmental safety, and energy security of Mexico.
Konceptualizacja zdalnej wojny: przeszłość, teraźniejszość i przyszłość
Authors:   Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny w Krakowie, Wasiuta Olga
Published: May 2023

The article presents a conceptualization of “remote warfare,” emphasizing that there are two approaches to its treatment. First, a narrow understanding, where remote warfare is understood as a set of approaches to military operations that do not require the full deployment of state or coalition forces. Second, a broad understanding, ranging from the use of special forces and private military companies to the provision of weapons, technology, intelligence, and finance to local defense forces. In the 21st century, long-range warfare has been and continues to be the most common form of military engagement used by nations. Although long-distance war necessarily involves distance, it also requires close relations through training missions between troops, the formation of political alliances, and the establishment of bases, compounds, and airfields.
Problemy uznania ekobójstwa jako zbrodni
Authors:   Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny w Krakowie, Wasiuta Sergiusz
Published: May 2023

The article is devoted to the main problems and prospects of recognition of ecocide as a crime, the genesis of the general approach to defining ecocide in world politics and law. On the basis of historical facts, selected examples of military ecocide as an “environmental” war crime were presented, cited attempts to define and condemn ecocide on the forum of numerous global and regional organizations as an international war crime. The dilemmas of geopolitics in the context of expanding the criminalization of ecocide as a war crime in the modern realities of international law and relations were analyzed.
Królestwo Arabii Saudyjskiej w polityce zagranicznej Chińskiej Republiki Ludowej. Perspektywa XXI wieku
Authors:   Uniwersytet Śląski w Kat, Czornik Katarzyna
Published: May 2023

China’s policy towards Saudi Arabia fits in with the ambitious Chinese Dream concept. Permanently strengthening and expanding Beijing’s cooperation with Riyadh in the political, economic, technological, and military spheres is part of The Belt and Road Initiative. The Sino-Saudi relationship can be described as a comprehensive strategic partnership. The main barriers limiting them are 1. Close Sino-Iranian relations; 2. The US-Saudi alliance and US domination in the military sphere; 3. The rivalry of powers in the Middle East.
Rola katolicyzmu w kształtowaniu słowackiej tożsamości narodowej
Authors:   Politechnika Rzeszowska, Delong Marek
Published: May 2023

The aim of this article is to show the role of Catholicism in shaping the Slovak national identity. The thesis was put forward that the Catholic confession was very clearly present in the history of the Slovak state and nation and had a significant impact on the formation of the national identity, while the shape of the state-church relations is determined by socio-political factors and historical tradition. However, Catholicism is not the only religion in this regard, as it is impossible to ignore the importance of the Greek Catholic Church, the Evangelical-Augsburg Church and the Orthodox Church. Contemporary Europe is becoming more and more secularized, and the condition of Christianity, especially Catholicism, is getting weaker. Slovakia is among the few countries in the European Union that support this process, along with Poland, Croatia and Malta.
Przesłanki ambiwalentnej postawy Belgii wobec UNRRA i Planu Marshalla
Authors:   Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny w Krakowie, Łaptos Józef
Published: May 2023

The policy of Belgium in the post-war period clearly differed from the policy of other Western countries and contrasted with the policy of Eastern European countries. The key to it finds an explanation in the different economic situation of this country, which suffered little damage as a result of the war, and as a result of the reasonable policy of the Minister of Finance C. Gutt, had a balanced budget at his disposal. In this situation, Belgium abandoned the aid offered under the UNRRA. The „economic miracle”, of this success, was spectacular and was strengthened by the prestige of the creation of the Benelux, which w was famous and as the model of economic cooperation and the beginning of European integration. These sucesses also influenced the attitude towards the Marshall Plan, in which Belgium participated to a small extent. The objection for this aid program under the American banner was dictated, as in the case of the UNRRA program, by the fear of Anglo-Saxon domination and the restrictive conditions that accompanied it. It also constituted a barrier in contacts with Eastern Europe, especially with Poland for obtaining compensation for capital and investments lost as a result of nationalization. The progress of sovietisation in countries under communist rule, after the coup d’état in Czechoslovakia in February 1948, precipitated Belgium to reorient its policy, and its foreign minister - P.-H. Spaak has become an ardent protagonist of cooperation with the United States.
Podziały socjopolityczne i granice możliwości dyskursywnego rozwiązywania problemów publicznych – przyczynek do dyskusji
Authors:   Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny w Krakowie, Sroka Jacek
Published: May 2023

The text considers the possibility of compensating for the impact of sociopolitical cleavages, which play a leading role in the sphere of competitive politics (especially in the party and electoral arenas) with cooperation in detailed public policies.
Manajemen Perencanaan Pendidikan Islam Menurut al-Qur’an
Authors: Nasution Buyung Saroha
Published: May 2023

Management is a systematic science to understand why and how humans work together to produce something useful for other people and certain groups and society in general. The functions of management according to experts vary, but from all experts who argue about the function of management there are similarities. In this paper, the author describes the function of planning management in Islamic education. In the Qur'an there are lafaz whose meaning is commensurate with management, namely lafaz of which lafaz (yudabbiru) in Surah Yunus/10:3 which means to regulate, that Allah is in control of everything that happens on this earth. The word planning is not found in qhot'iyah (clear) lafaz in the Qur'an, but many verses of the Qur'an that talk about lafaz that are commensurate with the Qur'an, by definition educational planning is an effort that is systematically arranged in various ways to achieve future goals with pay attention to the economic, socio-cultural and overall fields of a country.
METODE STIFIN SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF DALAM MENCEGAH TERJADINYA PERCERAIAN DI KOTA MEDAN
Authors: Hasanah Uswatun
Published: May 2023

Perceraian menurut ketentuan hukum nasional tidak dapat dilakukan di luar Pengadilan. Artinya bahwa perceraian dikatakan sah apabila diikrarkan di hadapan hakim Pengadilan (Pasal 39 ayat 1 UUP jo Pasal 65 UUPA jo. Pasal 115 KHI). Hal tersebut sesuai dengan prinsip dalam perundang-undangan No. 1 Tahun 1974 tentang perkawinan, yakni salah satu wujud prinsipnya adalah untuk mempersulit terjadinya perceraian. Adapun salah satu upaya untuk mewujudkan prinsip perkawinan adalah melalui Undang-Undang yang mengamanahkan kepada para hakim dalam setiap sidang perkara wajib terlebih dahulu untuk mendamaikan pasangan yang ingin bercerai. Terbukti bahwa setiap pasangan yang ingin bercerai akan melewati proses mediasi terlebih dahulu.
Power, Policy, and the Compensation of Top Executives
Authors: Rosenblum Jordan , Kenworthy Lane , Nygård Mikael
Published: May 2023

This article contributes to the quantitative analysis of international differences in executive compensation with a novel emphasis on the role of political drivers—specifically, labor power, owner power, and executive power—while controlling for market factors. It leverages nested analysis, pairing a 2016 cross-sectional analysis of 179 firms in 20 countries with case studies of Finland, from 1971 to 2017, and the United States, from 1936 to 2016. The 2016 cross-sectional analysis of the world's largest firms finds market forces are important, but leave a large portion of international differences in top executive compensation unexplained. Also important are labor power and executive power. Similarly, while controlling for market forces, the longitudinal case studies of large firms in the US and Finland each find stronger labor power relative to executive power associated with lower executive pay. The theoretical framework advanced in this paper helps to explain why top CEO pay—and consequent top-end income inequality—are each extreme in certain countries and periods, and modest in others.
Digital Image Processing for Determining the Speed of Blood Flow in the Heart Based on the Doppler Effect
Authors: Eif Sparzinanda  , Oktamuliani Sri , Fitriyani Dian , Taufiq Imam
Published: May 2023

A research study was conducted to estimate and visualize 2D vectors of blood flow in the heart using image processing algorithms to determine Doppler velocity at each point. The study used secondary data from ten patients who provided informed consent, encompassing healthy and unhealthy hearts. ECD image data were collected using a Philips epiq 7C machine in DICOM format. The image processing tasks, including area segmentation, flow velocity analysis, and area smoothing, were carried out using MATLAB R2016b software. These processes aimed to eliminate noise and other disturbances, enhancing the accuracy of blood flow velocity estimation in the heart. The study's findings included estimations and 2D vector visualizations representing the average blood flow velocity at each point within the heart. These achievements were made possible using image processing techniques to correct the acquired images, ensuring precise measurement of blood flow speed. Among the collected data, one patient exhibited indications of a healthy heart, with an average blood flow velocity of 40.2513 cm/s, a maximum speed of 68.5807 cm/s, and a minimum speed of 33.6971 cm/s. Deviations from the normal range of blood flow speeds were considered as potential abnormalities in heart health.
Precise Modeling of Non-Gravitational Accelerations of the Spacecraft BepiColombo During Cruise Phase
Authors: di Stefano Ivan , Cappuccio Paolo , Iess Luciano
Published: May 2023

The ESA/JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency) BepiColombo mission is currently in its cruise phase and is set to reach Mercury in late 2025. The spacecraft is equipped with advanced radio-tracking instrumentation that provides accurate radiometric data for precise orbit determination (POD). During the cruise phase, the radio link enables tests of general relativity (GR) and measurements of the solar corona properties. To fully exploit the accuracy of the radiometric measurements (Doppler and ranging) and to obtain better accuracies in the GR tests, a comprehensive dynamical model of the spacecraft is needed. A reliable and precise model of the non-gravitational accelerations would maximize the scientific return of the radio-science experiments and prevent unmodeled dynamic perturbations from degrading the POD solution. In this work, we investigate the effects of non-conservative forces acting on BepiColombo during three different radio-science campaigns conducted in November 2020, March 2021, and February 2022. The last two periods correspond to the first two GR tests of BepiColombo. We design a method for modeling these forces using telemetry measurements, radiometric observables, and mathematical models; and we analyze their characteristics in relation to the different environments encountered by the spacecraft during the three periods. This work is a preparatory and unavoidable step for the data analysis of the first two GR experiments of BepiColombo and the next radio-science campaigns, which will be performed in an even more challenging dynamical environment.
ESTIMATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SPIRAL MARKINGS AT RING ROAD INTERSECTIONS
Authors:   Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia, Rassokha V. I. , Nikitin N. A. ,   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russia
Published: May 2023

The results of a number of foreign studies recommend the application of spiral markings to ensure a higher level of safety at roundabouts of medium and large diameter highways. In a number of cities of the Russian Federation, these recommendations were implemented with the introduction of new traffic management schemes using spiral marking of traffic lanes. However, there is no objective data confirming the effectiveness of these measures in Russia. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of spiral markings according to two criteria – the number of road accidents and traffic violations at roundabouts before and after the reorganization of traffic. The information was obtained from the traffic police and from video surveillance of individual sections of roundabouts. As a result of the study: 1) the hypothesis of a decrease in the number of accidents and the assertion that new traffic management schemes (spiral markings) by themselves provide greater traffic safety at roundabouts are refuted; 2) it is revealed that drivers tend to violate the requirements of spiral markings, which increases the likelihood of accidents; 3) it is concluded that new traffic management schemes can have a positive impact on road safety only when engineering measures are implemented to physically separate traffic flows on the ring roadway and reduce the speed of vehicles at the entrances and exits of roundabouts. The results of the work revealed promising areas for further research: to study the relationship between the trajectory of vehicles, their location from the point of view of certain intersection sites, spiral markings, characteristics of traffic flow (speed, density, congestion, flow composition), as well as weather condi¬tions. The identification of such links will allow us to evaluate the effectiveness of spiral marking and draw conclusions about the expediency of its further use at roundabouts in the territory of the Russian Federation.
Sensorimotor wandering: leading spontaneously early human development
Authors: Kanazawa Hoshinori
Published: May 2023

Have you ever seen a newborn baby seemingly aimlessly move their arms and legs? Even though babies at this stage have little understanding of the world or how to control their own bodies, babies wander and pursue various sensorimotor experiences by moving their limbs. This “sensorimotor wandering” contributes to early development in terms of learning the basis of how to control one’s own body.
EFFECT OF NONIVASIVE POSITIVE-PRESSURE VENTILATION ON OUTCOME IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE EXACERBATION OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Authors: DIOMIN I. , DUBROV S. , GLUMCHER F.
Published: May 2023

Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NiPPV) is known to be effective in hypercapnic respiratory failure. However, some uncertainty still exists regarding its use in certain subgroups of patients with main consideration that, if ineffective, NiPPV delays time to intubation and may worsen the outcome. 58 subjects with acute exacerbation of COPD, resulting in ICU admission, were included into the randomized, single-blind, controlled study. Study group was treated with NiPPV in PSV or BiLevel mode and increased FiO2, control group – with O2 therapy only. Medical therapy was prescribed to study participants regardless of their group allocation. Rate of tracheal intubation in study group was 7 (25 %) compared to 20 (67 %) in control group (p<0,0001). Relative risk reduction (RRR) was 61,5 % (95 % CI 23-80 %) and absolute risk reduction for study group was 42,0 % (95% CI 17,6-62). Mortality rate in the control group was 36.6 % (11 deaths), while in the study group the mortality rate was 21.4 % (6 deaths). Relative risk of death for the study group in comparison with the control group was found at the level of 0.56 (95 % CI 0.25 – 1.29). Relative risk of death reduction was 43.4 % (95% CI 28.7 – 75.1). Absolute risk of death reduction was 15.2 % (95% CI 5.39 – 38.2). The hospital lengths of stay in the study group was 20.8±11.3 days, in the control group 29.1±12.3 days (p=0.063). Regarding ICU length of stay, no significant difference was found between the groups: 14.7±12.2 days and 10.8±7 days in the control and study groups, respectively (р=0.178).

Conclusion: we found evidence in favor of efficacy of NiPPV in COPD patients with acute exacerbation in terms of mortality and tracheal intubation. No difference in hospital and ICU length of stay was found. No evidence of additional risk, related to NiPPV, were found.
CHANGES IN HEMODYNAMICS INDICATORS IN THE PERIOPERATIVE PERIOD IN PATIENTS IN THORACIC SURGERY
Authors: PONIATOVSKA H. , DUBROV S.
Published: May 2023

Introduction. The covid pandemic has caused a delay in diagnosis and early detection of oncological diseases, which in the future will be accompanied by a short-term decrease in the registration of new cancer cases, and then an increase in the number of surgical interventions, including on the respiratory organs. Anesthesiological support in thoracic surgery includes perioperative control of oxygenation and hemodynamic parameters, changes in which can negatively affect the postoperative period and increase the frequency of perioperative complications.
Objective: To study the specifics of the impact of various methods of perioperative anesthesia during surgeries on the respiratory organs, using the evaluation of the hemodynamics and oxygenation indicators.
Materials and methods. There were included 180 patients with lung cancer who underwent thoracotomy at the Kyiv City Clinical Hospital No. 17 from 2018 to 2021 within an open noncommercial randomized controlled clinical trial. Patients were randomized into four groups. Multimodal analgesia (MA) group: according to the concept of pre-emptive analgesia, 1 hour before incision - patients received 1000 mg of paracetamol intravenous, as well as dexketoprofen 50 mg intravenous, in the postoperative period dexketoprofen and paracetamol were administered every 8 hours, + epidural anesthesia: administration of 40 mg of 2% lidocaine solution during catheter placement, in the postoperative period - ropivacaine 2 mg/ml (3-14 ml/h). Thoracic epidural anagesia (TEA) group: epidural anesthesia: administration of 40 mg of 2% lidocaine solution during catheter placement, in the postoperative - ropivacaine 2 mg/ml (3-14 ml/h). Preemptive analgesia (PA) group: according to the concept of preemptive analgesia, 1 hour before incision - patients received 1000 mg of paracetamol intravenous, as well as dexketoprofen 50 mg intravenous, in the postoperative period dexketoprofen and paracetamol were administered every 8 hours.
Control (C) group: patients received dexketoprofen 50 mg intravenous and opioid analgesic intramuscularly as needed.
Results. There were not observed any statistically significant differences in the groups by age, height, weight, degree of anesthetic risk (ASA), blood loss, duration and volume of surgery (p>0.05). A 10-15% decrease in hemodynamics was noted after epidural support with subsequent need for infusion therapy prior to induction of general anesthesia. An increase of the frequency of manifestations of hypotension, itching at the injection site, and urinary retention were observed in the MA and TEA groups in the postoperative period.
Conclusion. Epidural analgesia in thoracic surgery has a number of negative complications in the perioperative period, taking into account the lack of statistical difference (p>0.05) in groups according to oxygenation indicators, the use of a multimodal approach without the use of epidural support reduces the frequency of complications at all stages of complex treatment of patients.
Concise Total Syntheses of Phleghenrines A and C
Authors: Cai Xinpei , Li Lei , Wang Ye-Cheng , Zhou Jianhan , DAI MINGJI
Published: May 2023

The phleghenrine alkaloids were isolated from Phlegmariurus henryi Ching in scare amount and have shown potent and selective acetylcholinesterase inhibition activity. Structurally, they have a distinct and complex tetracyclic skeleton featuring a bicyclo[3.2.2]nonene core fused with a 2-pyridone or its derivative. Herein, we report concise total syntheses of phleghenrines A and C from commercially available starting materials in only 7 and 8 steps, respectively. The key steps in our approach include an inverse electron-demand Diels-Alder reaction between a masked o-benzoquinone and a N-protected enamine to prepare one key intermediate with a bicyclo[2.2.2]octenone core, a Büchner–Curtius–Schlotterbeck one-carbon insertion to expand the bicyclo[2.2.2]octenone to a bicyclo[3.2.2]nonenone, and the Trauner’s modified 2-pyridone synthesis to install the 2-pyridone moiety.