bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of the Static Headspace Method as a Tool for Rapid Control of
Fennel Seed Tea Vapors
Authors: Assami Karim , Meziane-Assami Dalila , Ghouila Zahia , Guerroudj Riad , Gacem Lazhar
Published: November 2023

Background::

In recent years, there have been tensions surrounding the accessibility of
drugs at pharmacies. This situation has led people to turn to alternative medicine with increased use
of plants as medicines. Nevertheless, a good knowledge of the plant's chemical composition is necessary
for its proper use due to the presence of toxic products.

Objective::

The research objectives are to expand a novel use of the static headspace technique to
control the chemical composition of the vapor of fennel seed tea (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) and also
constitute an attempt to develop a targeted qualitative analytical method for quality control and safety
assurance of a consumer product.

Methods::

This study qualitatively investigated the amount of estragole in fennel herbal tea vapour by
successful rehabilitation of the static headspace gas chromatography/mass spectrometry method. In
addition, an analysis is conducted on the total phenolic and flavonoid content in both tea and methanol
extract. Antioxidant activities of all extracts were measured and compared to Gallic acid.

Results::

The fennel seed tea showed total phenolic and flavonoid contents at 187.7 ± 17.1 GAE/100 g
and 133.8 ± 9.07 mg CE/100 g, respectively. Fennel seeds tea exhibited good DPPH anti-radical
action with an IC50 of 92.38 ± 10.64 mg/g. Even though studies on the total phenols, flavonoid contents,
and antioxidant activity of this herbal tea have all yielded positive outcomes, the application of
the static headspace method combined with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry indicated the
presence of estragole at 37.63 ± 3.77%. This compound was found at 80.67 ± 0.29% in the essential
oil.

Conclusion::

The application of this method has made it possible to reduce the handling time by
eliminating the extraction step and solvent use. The presence of estragole at an alarming level makes
it clear that employing plants as medicines must be regulated.
Deregulated MicroRNAs involved in P53 Signaling Pathway in Breast Cancer
with Focus on Triple-negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Naeimzadeh Yasaman , Heidari Zahra , Razban Vahid , Khajeh Sahar
Published: November 2023

Background::

Breast cancer (BC), as a heterogenous disease, is the most common cancer among women worldwide. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the
most aggressive and malignant subtype with a poor prognosis and a high rate of relapse and metastasis that is closely linked to
epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). It is well-documented that miRNAs play oncogenic (oncomiR) or tumor-suppressive (TS-miR) roles in
controlling apoptosis (apoptomiR), differentiation, cell proliferation, invasion, migration, etc. Regarding the regulatory roles of miRNAs in the
expression levels of various genes, dysfunction or deregulated expression of these molecules can lead to various disorders, including various types
of cancers, such as BC. Many miRNAs have been identified with critical contributions in the initiation and development of different types of BCs
due to their influence on the p53 signaling network.

Objective::

The aim of this review was to discuss several important deregulated miRNAs that are involved in the p53 signaling pathway in BC, especially the
TNBC subtype. Finally, miRNAs’ involvement in tumor properties and their applications as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic agents have
been elaborated in detail.

Results::

The miRNA expression profile of BC is involved in tumor-grade estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) expression, and other
pathological properties from luminal A to TNBC/basal-like subtypes via p53 signaling pathways.

Conclusion::

Developing our knowledge about miRNA expression profile in BC, as well as molecular mechanisms of initiation and progression of BC can help
to find new prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic biomarkers, which can lead to a suitable treatment for BC patients.
PEGylated Chitosan Biodegradable Nanoparticles Delivery of Salvia officinalis and Melissa officinalis for Enhanced Brain Targeting
Authors: Datta Sanjana , Gajbhiye Asmita , Patil Shailendra
Published: November 2023

Background:

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition characterized by the gradual decline of cognitive abilities, primarily caused by impairments in the cholinergic system. AD is diagnosed based on the presence of specific pathological features, in-cluding senile plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and the loss of neurons and synapses. Despite on-going efforts, the etiology of AD remains unclear, and there is a significant lack of effective treatments to meet the medical needs of affected individuals. The complex nature of AD, involv-ing multiple factors, presents challenges in the development of potential therapies. Numerous ob-stacles hinder the achievement of optimal pharmacological concentration of promising molecules for AD treatment. These obstacles include the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which restricts the entry of therapeutic agents into the brain, as well as issues related to poor bioavaila-bility and unfavorable pharmacokinetic profiles. Unfortunately, many therapeutically promising compounds have failed to overcome these hurdles and demonstrate efficacy in treating AD.

Methods:

The PEGylated chitosan nanoconjugate was developed and evaluated for delivery of anti-Alzheimer natural extract of Salvia officinalis and Melissa officinalis to the brain. The nano-conjugates (S-PCN and M-PCN) were developed by ionic gelation technique.

Result:

The nanoconjugates (S-PCN and M-PCN) were evaluated for various optical and in-vitro parameters. MTT assay on UCSD229i-SAD1-1 human astrocytoma cells indicated IC50 values of 0.42, 0.49, 0.67, and 0.75 μM for S-PCN, M-PCN formulations, and free Salvia officinalis and Melissa officinalis extracts, respectively. The In vitro assessments using cell lines have confirmed the improved uptake and distribution of nanoconjugates compared to free extracts. These findings were validated through confocal microscopy and apoptosis assays, revealing a substantial in-crease in the accumulation of nanoconjugates within the brain. The targeting potential OF M- PCN over S-PCN was found to be 2-fold significant.

Conclusion:

Based on the findings, it can be inferred that biodegradable PEGylated chitosan nanoconjugates hold promise as effective nano-targeting agents for delivering anti-Alzheimer drugs to the brain. The incorporation of PEGylated chitosan nanoparticles in this approach demonstrates enhanced delivery capabilities, ultimately leading to improved therapeutic out-comes.
Aromatherapy: An Adjuvant Treatment in Cancer
Authors: Agrawal Poonam
Published: November 2023

Aromatherapy is a complementary healing therapy that uses aromatic
essential oils to improve the health of the body and mind. Essential oils with healing
properties, like geranium oil, rosemary oil, lavender oil, patchouli oil, and others, have
been used to treat cancer. Cancer is often treated using chemotherapy and/or radiation
therapy. Nausea and vomiting are often side effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
Subsequently, these cancer therapies lead to various psychological disorders, such as
stress, anxiety, and depression, in cancer patients. Hence, the a need to assist cancer
patients in overcoming these disorders. Aromatherapy, which is a blend of essential
oils, has been reported to improve disorders that arise during complicated cancer
therapies such as chemotherapy and radiation. Research on cancer populations has
revealed that patients exposed to essential oils via inhaler devices had reduced anxiety,
stress, nausea, and poor sleep. The effects of aromatherapy are reported to be due to the
binding of chemical components in the essential oil to receptors in the olfactory bulb,
impacting the brain’s emotional center, the limbic system. Aromatherapy has also been
reported to relieve pain, muscular tension, and fatigue. Aromatherapy practitioners treat
specific conditions using various combinations of oils and different modes of
application. Aromatherapy can thus be used as a potential supplement treatment to
improve complications in cancer; however, further studies are needed to estimate the
protocol and standard dosage. Given the difficulties of cancer treatment, aromatherapy
can play an important role in treating patients' psychological aspects. 
Human Topoisomerases and Caspases: Important Targets in Cancer Therapy
Authors: Goyal Sandeep , Gangar Mukesh , Kulkarni Aditya , Kamal Yerneni Charu
Published: November 2023

Cancer has always remained a major challenge to humanity with its rising
morbidity and mortality rate making it uncontrollable. Current treatments for cancer
offer limited efficacy and suffer from serious side effects. With a focus on making
treatment safer and more effective, there is a need to identify novel targets and potent
drugs for these targets. Recent years have witnessed significant progress in the
discovery of targeted cancer therapy. On-going research in this field suggests that
human topoisomerases and caspases are important molecular drug targets for anti-cancer drug development. Topoisomerases are DNA processing enzymes essentially
required to maintain DNA topology during transcription, replication, recombination
and chromosomal decatenation. Several new chemical classes of topoisomerase
inhibitors including natural product derivatives are in clinical trials for the treatment of
various human cancers. Several topoisomerase inhibitors such as topotecan, irinotecan,
camptothecin, teniposide and doxorubicin are clinically approved for various cancers
such as colon cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, and many more. However, many of
these inhibitors have also been associated with serious side effects during
chemotherapy. Emerging data in recent years also suggests the role of topoisomerase
inhibition in immunogenic cell death and activating anticancer immune responses
making them potential combinatorial modalities for cancer immunotherapy. Caspases
[1-12] belong to the family of cysteine-aspartic proteases responsible for the execution
of cell death in apoptotic cells. Caspases play an important role in various non-lethal
biological processes like cell proliferation, cell differentiation, intercellular
communication, and cell migration. The dysregulation of apoptotic signalling pathways
is considered one of the hallmarks of cancer. Hence the focus of cancer therapy is
correcting this aberrant behaviour. Natural products such as alkaloids, flavonoids,
diterpenoids, sesquiterpenes, and polyphenolics have been reported with various
anticancer properties. In this chapter, we have discussed topoisomerases and the
regulation of caspase functions through direct or indirect methods for anticancer drug
discovery. 
Capital Grants For Local Infrastructure Provision In Perspective Of Allocative Efficiency: Evidence From Indonesia
Authors:   University of Indonesia, Azaki Naufal , Lutfi Achmad
Published: November 2023

This paper points out reflection on theoretical and empirical literature on the implementation of capital grants or specific purpose transfers as the conceptual basis of Dana Alokasi Khusus (DAK) in Indonesia. As one of the types of intergovernmental transfers, DAK plays a significant role in the local infrastructure provision, particularly in basic services such as roads, housing, drinking water, sanitation, education, irrigation, and tourism. This study uses a literature review approach of (and with no limits on) 16 empirical research results. The paper aims to analyze how far capital grant (DAK) is implemented, the challenges and problems that arise, and the dynamics of policy from the perspective of Allocative Efficiency. The study notes some practical suggestions for improving the DAK design and agenda for future research needed, including the adoption of MTEF in DAK planning for local government, reshaping the formula & criteria used in DAK allocation, possibility of giving relaxation on reallocation authority to spending unit, developing evaluation indicators with a focus on the efficiency & effectiveness of DAK, and directing the influence of political actors & process to improve the quality of policy.
Efficacy of Inquiry-Based Learning and Teaching Approach in EFL Inferential Reading Comprehension among Chinese High School Students
Authors: Hu Linhong , Bhattacharyya Ena , Tan Zhongwen , Gan Xime
Published: November 2023

Chinese EFL high school teaching often overlooks critical inferential reasoning in reading comprehension. This study proposes a shift from teacher-centric methods to an Inquiry-Based Learning and Teaching (IBLT) framework, expected to enhance EFL inferential reading abilities among Chinese high school students. This aligns with China's National English Curriculum Standards, emphasizing the importance of such proficiency. The study gauges current EFL reading comprehension in Chinese high schools and assesses IBLT's efficacy through a controlled, nine-week experiment, with data analysis revealing a positive impact. The findings aim to inform pedagogical tactics, promoting a more interactive, student-focused teaching model.
Integrative Digital Platform Based on Collaborative Governance Model for Green Tourism Village in Bali
Authors: Halim Deddy Kurniawan , Ervina Ersy , Permatasari Dwi Novita Cahyaningtyas , Astuti Ni Nyoman Sri
Published: November 2023

Green Tourism Village (DWH) has become the new locomotive of the tourism industry post-COVID-19. DWH incorporates a green economy by reducing environmental risks and resource exploitation. The increasing number of tourists to Bali contradicts the declining occupancy rate, showing the hotel’s oversupply. A shifting trend from urban to rural tourism exists, but this invasion threatens environmental sustainability. This study aims to investigate the feasibility of collaborative governance involving pentahelix stakeholders. DeWiKu apps and SIDeWi*HuB digital platform are developed, 30 villages representing 9 cities/regencies in Bali are selected to be sample pools with variables measured; 1)N-GreenV, 2)Community Participation, 3)Perception on Sustainability.
Research Status, Hotspots and Trends of Business English Writing in China: A Bibliometric Analysis Via Citespace
Authors: Tan Si Ning , Harji Madhubala Bava , Zhang Shuang Xi
Published: November 2023

Limited research systematically reviews the literature on Business English writing in China. Through bibliometric analysis via Citespace, this research objectively maps the knowledge area and aims to provide a systematic, historical, and quantitative overview of BEW research in China from 1985 to 2022. 936 journal papers published from 1985 to 2022 in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure database were used as the data source to visualize the research status quo, hotspots, and trends in this field. This paper provides valuable insights into the historical development and current trends for novice researchers and practitioners in this field.
Mind Matters: Exploring Employees' Mental Health Literacy in the Hotel Industry
Authors: Mazlan Nurfatihah , Sumarjan Norzuwana , Ahmad Khairun Najiah , Nazlan Nadia Hanin , Suhartanto Dwi
Published: November 2023

One in five hospitality employees suffers from work-related mental health issues. Thus, promoting mental health literacy could better manage employees’ mental health. This study aims to explore mental health literacy among hotel employees. Ten hotel employees from four- and five-star hotels in Malaysia were interviewed and thematic analysis was conducted. Findings show employees demonstrated sound mental health literacy manifested into four themes: function of mental health, mental illness contributors, implications of mental illness, and intervention techniques. Mental health literacy empowers employees to recognize signs of mental illness, promoting prompt help-seeking and preventing further deterioration of mental health.
Enhancing Talent Development Using AI-Driven Curriculum-Industry Integration
Authors: Kamaruddin Norhaslinda , Abdul Rahman Abdul Wahab , C. Harris Jr. Frederick
Published: November 2023

The specific hiring needs render low-skill-based job-seeking invalid in coping with the nation's economic development. There needs to be more graduate readiness for the industry's needs. This paper explores the transformative potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in fostering a symbiotic relationship between academic curricula and industry demands, aimed at building a robust talent pool for the future. A new hiring selection model that matches industry-identified hiring parameters with the knowledge and skills obtained from the university. By aligning educational programs with real-world challenges and market needs, this novel approach seeks to propel the growth of talents.
Purchase Intention for Halal Cosmetic Product Among TikTok Application Users in Johor
Authors: Abd Aziz Noreen Noor , Musa Mohd Hafizan , Mohamad Khalid Rusnani , Abdul Malik Shaherah , Nasution Nurliana
Published: November 2023

The demand for halal cosmetic products among the 2.0 billion Muslim consumers is growing internationally. This paper aims to identify the influence on attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and knowledge towards the intention to purchase halal cosmetic products among consumers. A total of 100 questionnaires were distributed to TikTok users in Johor. The findings indicated that all variables positively influenced purchase intention of halal cosmetic products. This study also provides further insights into potential marketing strategies by halal cosmetic product manufacturers and the prospective halal cosmetic industry in Malaysia.
Achieving Transformation in Newly Built Undergraduate Colleges
Authors: Zhang Shan , Sukumaran Sheiladevi , He Ju
Published: November 2023

With limited policy support and assorted challenges, newly built undergraduate colleges (NBUC) encounter challenges in their development. This study aimed to explore strategies for significantly enhancing the quality of NBUC. The findings highlight that NBUC grapples with issues like undefined educational objectives and an impractical faculty structure. Drawing from these challenges, this research proposes effective measures for the progress of NBUC: strengthening policy support and guidance, refining relevant policies and regulations, and fostering collaboration between universities and industries. It is imperative for colleges to articulate their institutional purpose and objectives while also establishing a diverse teaching team.
Phytomodification Effects of Visceral Lymph Node Aging
Authors: Gorchakov Vladimir N. , Nicolaychuk Kirill M. , Gorchakova Olga V. , Demchenko Georgi A. , Nurmakhanova Bayan A.
Published: November 2023

Lymph nodes are prioritized in protecting and ensuring endoecological safety at different periods of life, especially in retirement age. It destabilizes the structure and function of the lymphatic system and organs when aging increases the risk of comorbid conditions. This is a sign of age-related pathology. Improving lymph node function is an essential task in integrating gerontology and lymphology. The solution to this problem is possible with the help of a phytotherapeutic agent, which involves the evaluation of efficacy with effect on intranodular functional systems - compartments, hydration, and trace elements. Phytotherapy weakens (slows) the intensity of the old lymph node changes. Phytotherapy has a modifying effect on structures with increased hydration and trace element concentration. Phytotherapy prevents age-dependent changes in the lymph node and increases the reliability of lymph node operation in old age.
Sequencing report of the rRNA amplicons of Echinochloa crus-galli
in Iraq
Authors: Azeez Ali Al-Shebly Hayder , Abd-Ali. Al-Haddad Ameer Sahib. , Gaddoa Mahd Mohammed
Published: November 2023

This study was conducted to identify the genetic polymorphisms of one wild
grass sample species and assess the phylogenetic distribution these isolates occupy based on their internal transcribed (ITS) ribosomal sequences. This study amplified one genetic locus covering a portion of the ITS rRNA sequences. A direct
sequencing strategy was performed for the observed PCR amplicons in the amplified genetic locus. Subsequently, a comprehensive phylogenetic tree was constructed in the observed variants for these sequences to reveal the accurate phylogenetic distances alongside other relative sequences. Our results indicated the
identity of the investigated wild grass samples (assigned S1 and S2). Sequencing
reactions indicated that our investigated samples belonged to Echinochloa crusgalli var. crus-galli (panicum grass), a common wild grass dominated in tropical
Asia. Two ribosomal variations were identified in the investigated wild grass
samples, 61C>T, observed in the S2 sample and 408C>A, observed in both the
S1 and S2 samples. According to the identified results, the investigated samples
were positioned within one distinct phylogenetic clade of these identified wild
grass sequences in the currently generated comprehensive tree. These positionings were observed within the main clade of Echinochloa crus-galli. Based on
the identified ribosomal sequences, it was found that the currently investigated
samples may exhibit variable extents of diversities originating from several Asian
and South American ancestors. Also, the currently constructed tree revealed that
the investigated wild grass sequences belonged to one distinct clade of Echinochloa crus-galli, having many sequences of close phylogenetic connections.
This clade occupied far away phylogenetic positions from the other comparable
grasses within the same tree.
Keywords: rRNA amplicons, Echinochloa crus-galli, Rice
Effect of Brassinosteroid and super micro plus Nanoparticle on growth and
yield of Potato Solanum tuberosum L.
Authors: A Amran Hisham , Sh Al-Duhami Ahmed , Mohammed Hasan M
Published: November 2023

The effect of Brassinosteroid and Super Micro Plus Nanoparticles on growth and
yield components was evaluated in potatoes for the growing season 2020. In the
Karbala Governorate, a Randomized Complete Block Design RCBD factorial
field experiment of two factors (Brassinosteroid and super micro plus) was conducted with three replications. The Brassinosteroid was used at 0, 0.05, 0.10 and
0.15 mg.L-1
, where the super micro plus was also used with four levels of 0, 1, 3
and 5 gxL-1
. Interaction treatment of both factors at the highest concentrations
(B3F3) resulted in the highest mean values of all the measured parameters including plant height (64.39cm), number of stem/plant (2.593), shoot dry weight
(173.3 g.plant-1
), leave area (51.05dc2
.plant-1
), tuber weight (165.4g), plant yield
(1948.41)g, tuber dry matter (14.88 %) and tuber content of starch (9.18%).
Keywords: Brassinosteroid, super micro plus Nanoparticle, potato, Yield quality
The Accuracy and Potential Racial and Ethnic Biases of GPT-4 in the Diagnosis and Triage of Health Conditions: Evaluation Study
Authors: Ito Naoki , Kadomatsu Sakina , Fujisawa Mineto , Fukaguchi Kiyomitsu , Ishizawa Ryo , Kanda Naoki , Kasugai Daisuke , Nakajima Mikio , Goto Tadahiro , Tsugawa Yusuke
Published: November 2023

Background

Whether GPT-4, the conversational artificial intelligence, can accurately diagnose and triage health conditions and whether it presents racial and ethnic biases in its decisions remain unclear.

Objective

We aim to assess the accuracy of GPT-4 in the diagnosis and triage of health conditions and whether its performance varies by patient race and ethnicity.

Methods

We compared the performance of GPT-4 and physicians, using 45 typical clinical vignettes, each with a correct diagnosis and triage level, in February and March 2023. For each of the 45 clinical vignettes, GPT-4 and 3 board-certified physicians provided the most likely primary diagnosis and triage level (emergency, nonemergency, or self-care). Independent reviewers evaluated the diagnoses as “correct” or “incorrect.” Physician diagnosis was defined as the consensus of the 3 physicians. We evaluated whether the performance of GPT-4 varies by patient race and ethnicity, by adding the information on patient race and ethnicity to the clinical vignettes.

Results

The accuracy of diagnosis was comparable between GPT-4 and physicians (the percentage of correct diagnosis was 97.8% (44/45; 95% CI 88.2%-99.9%) for GPT-4 and 91.1% (41/45; 95% CI 78.8%-97.5%) for physicians; P=.38). GPT-4 provided appropriate reasoning for 97.8% (44/45) of the vignettes. The appropriateness of triage was comparable between GPT-4 and physicians (GPT-4: 30/45, 66.7%; 95% CI 51.0%-80.0%; physicians: 30/45, 66.7%; 95% CI 51.0%-80.0%; P=.99). The performance of GPT-4 in diagnosing health conditions did not vary among different races and ethnicities (Black, White, Asian, and Hispanic), with an accuracy of 100% (95% CI 78.2%-100%). P values, compared to the GPT-4 output without incorporating race and ethnicity information, were all .99. The accuracy of triage was not significantly different even if patients’ race and ethnicity information was added. The accuracy of triage was 62.2% (95% CI 46.5%-76.2%; P=.50) for Black patients; 66.7% (95% CI 51.0%-80.0%; P=.99) for White patients; 66.7% (95% CI 51.0%-80.0%; P=.99) for Asian patients, and 62.2% (95% CI 46.5%-76.2%; P=.69) for Hispanic patients. P values were calculated by comparing the outputs with and without conditioning on race and ethnicity.

Conclusions

GPT-4’s ability to diagnose and triage typical clinical vignettes was comparable to that of board-certified physicians. The performance of GPT-4 did not vary by patient race and ethnicity. These findings should be informative for health systems looking to introduce conversational artificial intelligence to improve the efficiency of patient diagnosis and triage.
Experiences, Lessons, and Challenges With Adapting REDCap for COVID-19 Laboratory Data Management in a Resource-Limited Country: Descriptive Study
Authors: Ndlovu Kagiso , Mauco Kabelo Leonard , Makhura Onalenna , Hu Robin , Motlogelwa Nkwebi Peace , Masizana Audrey , Lo Emily , Mphoyakgosi Thongbotho , Moyo Sikhulile
Published: November 2023

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic brought challenges requiring timely health data sharing to inform accurate decision-making at national levels. In Botswana, we adapted and integrated the Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) and the District Health Information System version 2 (DHIS2) platforms to support timely collection and reporting of COVID-19 cases. We focused on establishing an effective COVID-19 data flow at the national public health laboratory, being guided by the needs of health care professionals at the National Health Laboratory (NHL). This integration contributed to automated centralized reporting of COVID-19 results at the Ministry of Health (MOH).

Objective

This paper reports the experiences, challenges, and lessons learned while designing, adapting, and implementing the REDCap and DHIS2 platforms to support COVID-19 data management at the NHL in Botswana.

Methods

A participatory design approach was adopted to guide the design, customization, and implementation of the REDCap platform in support of COVID-19 data management at the NHL. Study participants included 29 NHL and 4 MOH personnel, and the study was conducted from March 2, 2020, to June 30, 2020. Participants’ requirements for an ideal COVID-19 data management system were established. NVivo 11 software supported thematic analysis of the challenges and resolutions identified during this study. These were categorized according to the 4 themes of infrastructure, capacity development, platform constraints, and interoperability.

Results

Overall, REDCap supported the majority of perceived technical and nontechnical requirements for an ideal COVID-19 data management system at the NHL. Although some implementation challenges were identified, each had mitigation strategies such as procurement of mobile Internet routers, engagement of senior management to resolve conflicting policies, continuous REDCap training, and the development of a third-party web application to enhance REDCap’s capabilities. Lessons learned informed next steps and further refinement of the REDCap platform.

Conclusions

Implementation of REDCap at the NHL to streamline COVID-19 data collection and integration with the DHIS2 platform was feasible despite the urgency of implementation during the pandemic. By implementing the REDCap platform at the NHL, we demonstrated the possibility of achieving a centralized reporting system of COVID-19 cases, hence enabling timely and informed decision-making at a national level. Challenges faced presented lessons learned to inform sustainable implementation of digital health innovations in Botswana and similar resource-limited countries.
Correlation Between Remote Symptom Reporting by Caregivers and Adverse Clinical Outcomes: Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Oakley-Girvan Ingrid , Yunis Reem , Fonda Stephanie J , Longmire Michelle , Veuthey Tess L , Shieh Jennifer , Aghaee Sara , Kubo Ai , Davis Sharon W , Liu Raymond , Neeman Elad
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND

Timely collection of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) decreases emergency department visits and hospitalizations and increases survival. However, little is known about the outcome predictivity of unpaid informal caregivers’ reporting using similar clinical outcome assessments.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to assess whether caregivers and adults with cancer adhered to a planned schedule for electronically collecting patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and if PROs were associated with future clinical events.

METHODS

We developed 2 iPhone apps to collect PROs, one for patients with cancer and another for caregivers. We enrolled 52 patient-caregiver dyads from Kaiser Permanente Northern California in a nonrandomized study. Participants used the apps independently for 4 weeks. Specific clinical events were obtained from the patients’ electronic health records up to 6 months following the study. We used logistic and quasi-Poisson regression analyses to test associations between PROs and clinical events.

RESULTS

Participants completed 97% (251/260) of the planned Patient-Reported Outcomes Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (PRO-CTCAE) surveys and 98% (254/260) of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) surveys. PRO-CTCAE surveys completed by caregivers were associated with patients’ hospitalizations or emergency department visits, grade 3-4 treatment-related adverse events, dose reductions (P<.05), and hospice referrals (P=.03). PROMIS surveys completed by caregivers were associated with hospice referrals (P=.02). PRO-CTCAE surveys completed by patients were not associated with any clinical events, but their baseline PROMIS surveys were associated with mortality (P=.03), while their antecedent or final PROMIS surveys were associated with all clinical events examined except for total days of treatment breaks.

CONCLUSIONS

In this study, caregivers and patients completed PROs using smartphone apps as requested. The association of caregiver PRO-CTCAE surveys with patient clinical events suggests that this is a feasible approach to reducing patient burden in clinical trial data collection and may help provide early information about increasing symptom severity.
Quality Assessment of Liver Cancer–Related Information on WeChat: Cross-sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Lin Shengzhang , Tong Xinyu , Hua Chenguang , Wan Dalong
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND

The incidence of liver cancer is increasing in China, which poses a serious threat to human health. WeChat, as one of the primary platforms for Chinese people to obtain health information, plays an important role in providing a large amount of medical information. However, no one has evaluated the quality of articles about liver cancer on WeChat. This work evaluates the quality of health information on liver cancer in WeChat platform, to benefit the patients while making treatment decisions and provide suggestions on publishing high-quality treatment health information.

OBJECTIVE

Our study aimed to assess the quality of the information in articles which possess great views on WeChat associated with liver cancer.

METHODS

In September 2023, with “liver cancer” as keywords, searches were implemented on the WeChat according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. And the DISCERN instrument (DISCERN) was applied to perform the assessment.

RESULTS

A total of 95 articles with more than 100,000 views were included and analyzed. Commercial organizations uploaded the largest percentage of articles, accounting for 40% (38), and lifestyle intervention was mentioned most among the articles, accounting for 48% (46). The assessment based on the DISCERN instrument reported a mean score of 26.88 (SD 44.28). 77.7% (73) of the articles were considered to have a very poor quality, while 21.2 % (21) of them were considered to be of poor quality and only 1.1% (1) of them were fair. There were no articles evaluated as being of good or excellent quality. The quality of articles with references is better than articles without references (P <.001). However, there were no significant differences in the quality of articles from different uploading sources and information categories. Also, the presence of pictures, videos, and advertisements did not seem to have a significant effect on article quality.

CONCLUSIONS

The quality of articles on health information about liver cancer that are widely read on WeChat is poor while article authors should focus more on improving the quality of information. The reliability of articles can be improved by providing more details about treatment options, or by citing professional guidelines or references, thus helping people make the best decision when retrieving health information.
Observational Research On Urban Public Awareness of Ayurveda as an Adjuvant Therapy During COVID-19
Authors: Riyaz Mirza Shumaila , Sawarkar Dr. Gaurav , Sawarkar Dr. Punam
Published: November 2023

Ayurveda labels COVID-19 as Janapadodhwamsa Vikara (epidemic disease). Charaka Samhita: Vimana Sthana Chapter 3discusses epidemics; even though there is dissimilarity in the physical constitution of human beings; still there are such factorsthat are common to all individuals, and vitiation of these factors lead to the simultaneous manifestation of diseases having thesame set of symptoms leading to the destruction of countries. All citizens share air, water, location, and seasons. The subjectswere drawn from the general population who had tested positive for COVID-19. An accurate and comprehensive questionnairewas used to conduct the online survey. All of the responses were correctly completed. All information was gathered from theonline survey and properly analysed. This study included 250 COVID-19-positive participants. A questionnaire and verbaldialogue assessed COVID-19 ayurvedic adjuvant therapy utilization. 89.6% had COVID-19. 65.6% of patients have RTPCR toconfirm COVID-19. 81.2% of COVID-19 patients initially used allopathic medication, with 59.6% reporting negative effects. Afterthat, 87.2% received ayurvedic COVID-19 medicine. 96.4% of COVID-19 patients had a fever, cold, cough, and weakness.Mahasudarshana Kadha (71.2%), Samshavani Vati (66.4%), and Sitopaladi Churna (51.2%) were the top three COVID-19 medicines.Most nations treat COVID-19 with antiviral combinations for other viral infections. SARS-COV-2 antivirals may not workclinically. Ayurveda treats sickness via mind-body-physiology. Ayurvedic medicine boosts immunity and fights viruses. Ayurvedaadjuvant therapy helped COVID-19 patients. Ayurveda can treat COVID-19 symptoms without side effects.
Revolutionizing Bone Regeneration: A Comprehensive Review On Bone Grafts
Authors: Raut Sayali , Paul Madhu Dr. Priyanka , Reche Dr. Amit
Published: November 2023

Herbal medicines are plant-based medicines and have been documented 4000 years back. Great results have beenextracted from several studies with a minimum amount of side effects. These medicines help osteogenesis as the bone graftsobtained from such are utilized as a filler and scaffold. Such grafts are bioresorbable and do not possess any reaction like antigenantibodies. The aim is to have a comprehensive review study on bone grafts. This review article covers a combination of allaspects regarding bone grafts and their different forms of availability. The Objectives of this review are to explore various bonegrafts and to summarize them so that the reader can have enough information just by reading this article. The article givesthorough information about bone grafts and mainly focuses on several ethnopharmacological studies collected using databasessuch as Pubmed, Medline, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Regarding their osteogenic, angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, and remodelingeffects, acting on bone receptors, promoting bone metabolism, increasing mineral uptake, and supporting free radical oxidation,Chenopodium ambrosioides, Piper sarmentosum, Quadrangularis Cissus, Ricinus communis, and Radix salviae miltiorrhizaeplants were the most extensively studied in several works of literature. This article concludes that using herbal bone grafts onthe site of a defect holds promise for bone regeneration and offers an alternative to conventional therapies when they areimpractical. Very few studies have been conducted to date and this has raised interest in using herbal bone grafts.
Digital Subtraction Radiography in Dentistry: An Overview
Authors: R. Sonar Dr. Prasanna , S. Panchbhai Dr. Aarati
Published: November 2023

Digital imaging has transformed the field of medical and dental imaging by overcoming many of the drawbacks ofconventional film-based radiographs. These alterations, however, are hidden behind a background of typical anatomical featuresand are not readily visible, making it difficult for the human eye to discern them. One image-enhancing method or tool that solvesthis issue is digital subtraction radiography, which has recently found usage in a number of dental specialties. Quantitative measuresfrom digital subtraction pictures have been validated as a result of the development of digital imaging technology. Moreover,changes made to computer software have made the clinical use of subtraction imaging more adaptable. Digital subtraction radiologyhas significantly improved the ability to find oral and maxillofacial lesions. Comparing standardised radiographs acquired duringsuccessive examination sessions is done using digital subtraction radiography. Any structures that have not changed are removed,and these regions are shown in the subtraction picture as neutral grey areas, whilst parts that have altered are shown as deeperor brighter shades of grey. Yet, there is not much analysis of this often used method in the literature. The purpose of this articleis to examine this technology, its applications in different areas of dentistry, and its potential for detecting a range of disorders.This review article highlights its basic principles, applications, technique, advantages, disadvantages and future scope of digitalsubtraction radiography in dentistry.
Increasing Efficiency of Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems Using Some Novel Penetration Enhancement Techniques - A Critical Review
Authors: Kumar Mahapatra Abikesh Prasada , Prasad Neelkant , Panda Niranjan , Paul Basudev , Rout Abhiram
Published: November 2023

The transdermal route has drawn considerable attention and has emerged as a solid alternative to mimic the drawbacks of drugdelivery through the oral and parenteral routes. However, the effectiveness of TDDS is often limited by the skin's outermost layer, the stratumcorneum (SC), which acts as a barrier to drug diffusion. In addition, the drug molecule's molecular weight, hydrophilicity, and ionic nature canalso impact its transdermal delivery. Various methods have been developed to overcome these limitations to facilitate drug penetration acrossthe SC, including nano-carriers, wearable delivery systems, and combination-based approaches. The use of nano-carriers, such as dendrimers,liposomes, niosomes, and micro sponges, has shown promise in enhancing the efficacy of TDDS. Another emerging innovation for TDDS iswearable delivery systems, which offer non-invasive, convenient, and extended drug administration. Additionally, combination-based approaches,such as ultrasound and microneedle-based systems or ultrasound and electrical-based techniques, are also being investigated and are the centerof attraction in the research of TDDS approaches. This review summarizes a combination of all different novel penetration enhancementtechniques used to enhance the efficacy of transdermal drug delivery systems that were not precisely captured by other review articles. Most ofthe review articles emphasized these penetration enhancement techniques separately. However, a careful review of all the penetrationenhancement techniques in one article is missing. Thus, the purpose of this article is to comprehensively review and summarize the recentlyused penetration enhancement techniques along with the possible mechanism of action in a single article. Our primary aim is to collect relevantreviews and research articles by searching various databases to provide a comprehensive overview of the field. By providing a comprehensiveoverview of the available techniques, this review article will help students and researchers stay up-to-date with the latest developments in thefield of novel penetration enhancement techniques used to increase the efficiency of TDDS.
PREREQUISITES FOR THE EMERGENCE OF THE IDEAS OF THE RENOVATIONISM IN THE PRE-REVOLUTIONARY YEARS IN RUSSIA
Authors:   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA, TARASOV V.E.
Published: November 2023

The purpose of the is to analyze the prerequisites for the emergence of the ideas of the Renovationism in the prerevolutionary years in Russia. The relevance and scientific novelty of this study consists in focusing special attention on the prerequisites for the emergence of ideas of the Renovationism among the Russian intellectuals and the metropolitan clergy. Reactions to them in the provincial spiritual community are considered. The author emphasizes that during the first Russian revolution of 1905-1907, the two revolutions of 1917, and in the first decades of Soviet statehood, the problem of renewal of church life was more acute than ever. At the turn of the 19th – 20th centuries, all the contradictions of Russian life became aggravated, such as: social, political, spiritual. As a result, the author concludes that the changes that took place in society, the state, and politics prompted the Church (represented by its representatives, intellectually minded believers) to look for ways to form a new vision of church life.
ACTIVITIES OF GRAND DUKE MIKHAIL ALEKSANDROVICH ROMANOV IN THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIO-POLITICAL SPHERES IN OREL PROVINCE
Authors:   Laboratory of Social Development, FATEEV V.V.
Published: November 2023

The purpose of the article is to analyze the activities of Grand Duke Mikhail Aleksandrovich Romanov and its impact on the economic and socio-political spheres in Orel province at the beginning of the twentieth century. Mikhail Alexandrovich showed a great interest in the development of Orel province. He visited various enterprises, organized exhibitions and seminars aimed at improving the agricultural and industrial sphere. Under his leadership, a number of largescale projects were carried out in the province; new factories were created, irrigation and drainage systems were fixed, roads and railway connections were improved. At that time, some attempts were taken to modernize the educational system and healthcare. Mikhail Alexandrovich had progressive views and wanted to modernize the province. He has implemented a number of measures aimed at improving the living standards and welfare of the population. Such historical research methods as ideographic (narrative) and retrospective method are used; it allows to recreate the main events of the period of one of the Romanovs presences in Orel region, to characterize his individual personal qualities. Special attention is paid to the grouping and systematization of the facts of economic, charitable and social activities of Mikhail Alexandrovich Romanov in Orel province. On the archival materials basis, data on the Grand Duke’s support of the Brasov estate peasants, his work with appeals and petitions, charitable activity are studied.
GENESIS OF THE RUSSIAN ICONOGRAPHY OF THE MOTHER OF GOD «JOY OF ALL WHO SORROW»
Authors:   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA, AVILOVA I.A.
Published: November 2023

The purpose of the article is to analyze the process of borrowing the iconography of the image of the mother of God. The connections of the Eastern Christian image and teaching, the liturgical texts of the Orthodox Church are under the study. For this purpose, the study of the main cultural and theological aspects of formation and their symbolic and symbolic design in the iconography is carried out. At the same time, the author pre-sents visually similar images that have received different content, which influenced their under-standing in Western European and Eastern Christianity. The goal assumes an interdisciplinary nature of the research, the comparative-historical method is the main one, which allows, among other things, to track the dynamics of the phenomenon, and semiotic analysis for the interpretation of symbolic aspects of the image. The author presents the development of the Russian iconography of the Mother of God «Joy of All Who Sorrow» based on a review of Western European iconographic sources and texts. As a result, the author emphasizes that in the culture of Modern times Russian icon painters gave the Western European iconographic pattern a different theological interpretation by imitating it.
A Bibliometric Analysis of EEG Microstates Research: Current Status, Trends, and Recommendations
Authors: Han Shangfeng , Su Wenxiu , Li Wenwen , Ma Yankun , Luo Yue-Jia
Published: November 2023

EEG microstates provides a unique perspective on the dynamic functional
organization of the brain, has attracted considerable attention. This
study conducted a bibliometric analysis of 441 articles retrieved from
the Web of Science database using CiteSpace. The analysis focused on
four key areas of EEG microstates: The academic network, classification
and function, reliability of parameter, and primary research topics.
Results revealed a steady increase in annual publications within this
field. The academic network was dominated by the countries (including
Switzerland, the United States, and China), the journal NeuroImage, and
prominent researchers such as Koenig, Michel, and Lehmann. Determining
the optimal number and the functions of EEG microstate classes were
attributed to the clustering algorithms and validation criteria. The
reliability of EEG microstate parameters varied, with mean duration
demonstrating high reliability while the lower reliability was observed
for transition probabilities (TP). Primary research topics encompassed
cognitive function exploration, developmental changes, psychiatric
disorder diagnosis, and emotion recognition. Future research should
prioritize developing standardized labeling criteria for EEG microstate
classes. Additionally, caution should be exercised when using TP.
Moreover, integrating EEG microstate analysis with machine learning
techniques provides significant advantages for the advancement and
execution of related research endeavors.