bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High incidence of multiresistant bacterial isolates from bloodstream infections in trauma emergency department and intensive care unit in Serbia
Authors: Djuric Olivera , Markovic-Denic Ljiljana , Jovanovic Bojan , Bumbasirevic Vesna
Published: February 2019

We investigated the incidence of bloodstream infections (BSIs) in trauma emergency department (ED) and intensive care unit (ICU), to assess ED- and ICU-related predictors of BSI and to describe the most common bacteria causing BSI and their antimicrobial resistance markers. A prospective study was conducted in two trauma ICUs of the ED of Clinical Center of Serbia. Overall, 62 BSIs were diagnosed in 406 patients, of which 13 were catheter-related BSI (3.0/1,000 CVC-days) and 30 BSIs of unknown origin, while 15% were attributed to ED CVC exposure. Lactate ≥2 mmol/L and SOFA score were independent ED-related predictors of BSI, while CVC in place for >7 days and mechanical ventilation >7 days were significant ICU-related predictors. The most common bacteria recovered wereAcinetobacterspp.,Klebsiellaspp., andPseudomonas aeruginosa.AllStaphylococcus aureusand coagulase-negative staphylococci isolates were methicillin-resistant, whereas 66% ofEnterococcusspp. were vancomycin-resistant. All isolates ofEnterobacteriaceaewere resistant to third-generation cephalosporins, whereas 87.5% ofP. aeruginosaand 95.8% ofAcinetobacterspp. isolates were resistant to carbapenems. ED BSI contributes substantially to overall ICU incidence of BSI. Lactate level and SOFA score can help to identify patients with higher risk of developing BSI. Better overall and CVC-specific control measures in patients with trauma are needed.
Evidencias mineralógicas y geoquímicas de las manifestaciones de hierro hospedadas en La Unidad Riodacita de los Tábanos sector de Corral de Piedras, San Juan del Cesar, La Guajira/Mineralogical and geochemical evidence of the iron manifestations...
Authors: Moscote Daza Yesica Paola
Published: February 2019

El sector minero constituye un aspecto transcendental en el ámbito socioeconómico del departamento de La Guajira debido al crecimiento exponencial de los ingresos por concepto de las explotaciones y exportaciones en el caso del Carbón y Gas. En el sur del departamento en el corregimiento Corral de Piedras perteneciente al municipio de San Juan de Cesar (La Guajira), afloran llamativas manifestaciones metálicas inexploradas actualmente, dirigiendo así este artículo en la caracterización, descripción y concentración porcentual de los minerales presentes en esas mineralizaciones, se tomaron para este investigación  cuatro  (4) muestras, (YJ-01, YJ-02, YJ-03 y YJ-05) cuyas características mineralógicas, aspectos microestructurales y morfológicos fueron detallados con el microscopio electrónico de Barrido y espectroscopia por Dispersión de Energía (SEM/EDS), el análisis de fluorescencia de rayos X (FRX) en el rango de sodio (Na) a Uranio (U) permitió la caracterización química de los minerales considerando una matriz oxidada en razón de la ganancia de oxígeno, obteniéndose interesantes concentraciones de Fe entre 54.80% - 48.31%  y Fe2O3 desde 78.35% - 69.07%, la difracción de rayos X (DRX) proporciono información cualitativa y cuantitativa sobre la composición elemental, mediante la comparación de los perfiles de difracción, y las fases encontradas con el refinamiento por el Método de Rietveld en los perfiles observados en las muestras, describiendo cada una de las fases cristalinas presentes, estas fueron reportadas por la base de datos PDF-2 del International Centre for Diffraction Data (ICDD) cuyos registros identifican la magnetita, hematita, cuarzo y actinolita calentada como cristalinos principales, con concentraciones entre 72.7% y 58.1%.
Producción de biodiesel mediante transesterificación enzimática de aceite extraído de residuos de la industria alimenticia/Biodiesel production by enzymatic transesterification of oil extracted from food industrial...
Authors: Fontalvo Gomez Miriam Del Rosario , Mendoza Meza Dary Luz , Polo Rodriguez Laura
Published: February 2019

En esta investigación se sintetizó biodiesel mediante transesterificación enzimática del aceite extraído de residuos del corozo, provenientes de una industria de jugos del departamento del Atlántico, usando como catalizador la lipasa de Candida antarctica. Se obtuvo un porcentaje optimizado de extracción del aceite del 40% usando el Método Soxhlet. La caracterización fisicoquímica del aceite, basada en las normas técnicas colombianas, produjo los siguientes resultados: índice de refracción 1,40; acidez 0,09% expresado en %ácido laurico; índice de yodo 29,80±0,44 g I2/100 g aceite; índice de saponificación 127,66±0,77 mg KOH/g aceite; densidad 0,9143 g/mL y humedad 0,27±0,03%. El perfil de ácidos, determinado por cromatografía de gases acoplada a espectrometría de masas, mostró un contenido mayoritario de ácido láurico (C12:0), con un porcentaje de 65% en peso. La transformación del aceite en esteres de metilo se confirmó cualitativamente por cromatografía en capa fina y cuantitativamente por cromatografía de gases acoplada a espectrometría de masas, obteniéndose un porcentaje de conversión óptimo del 62%. Este estudio presenta una alternativa de aprovechamiento para los desechos provenientes de la industria del corozo de la región, generando productos de alto valor agregado y reduciendo el nivel de impacto negativo de los residuos sobre el medio ambiente.
Precursores catalíticos de polioxometalatos tipo Anderson-Evans de FeMo, CoMo y NiMo soportados sobre zeolita β para la hidrodesulfuración de tiofeno/Catalytic precursors of β zeolite supported Anderson–Evans type FeMo, CoMo and NiMo polyoxometalates...
Authors: Puello polo Esneyder , Romero Baños Melissa , Fals Jayson Fals
Published: February 2019

Precursores catalíticos de polioxometalatos de FeMo, CoMo y NiMo tipo Anderson-Evans soportados sobre zeolita β en la hidrodesulfuración de tiofeno fue investigada. Los sólidos fueron caracterizados por análisis elemental (ICP plasma), área específica (SBET), difracción de rayos X (DRX) y espectroscopía infrarroja (FTIR). El soporte se impregnó con una solución acuosa del heteropolioxomolibdatos tipo Anderson-Evans de FeMo, CoMo y NiMo. El análisis elemental de Fe, Co, Ni y Mo dio resultados de acuerdo con la exactitud experimental de las relaciones atómicas nominales para cada precursor. La presencia de zeolita β, (NH4)3[FeMo6O24H6]•7H2O, (NH4)3[CoMo6O24H6]•7H2O y (NH4)4[NiMo6O24H6]•5H2O se verificó por DRX, mientras que el FTIR permitió asignar los estiramientos y flexiones de los grupos funcionales presentes en la estructura del heteropolioxomolibdato Anderson-Evans y la zeolita β. Los precursores catalíticos FeMo6/zeolita β, CoMo6/zeolita β y NiMo6/zeolita β mostraron mayor área específica (204-268 m2/g) que los heteropolioxomolibdatos tipo Anderson-Evans (1-3 m2/g). Los catalizadores provenientes de heteropolioxometalatos tipo Anderson-Evans de FeMo, CoMo y NiMo soportados en zeolita β presentaron mayor actividad HDS que los precursores no soportados (FeMo6/zeolita β y CoMo6/zeolita β), lo cual está asociado a la formación de mayor número de sitios activos.
Structural, spectroscopic and optical properties of 4-(6- (dimethylamino)benzo[d]thiazol/Propiedades estructurales, espectroscópicas y ópticas de 4-(6-(dimetilamino)benzo[d]tiazol-2-il)benzonitrilo como modelo de sistema D-E-A por métodos computacionales
Authors: Fernández Vega Lauren Vanessa , Pérez Gamboa Alfredo , Ruidiaz Buelvas María Angélica , Pérez Hincapié Liddier
Published: February 2019

Por medio del estudio computacional de 4-(6-(dimetilamino)benzo[d]tiazol-2-il)benzonitrilo se realizó la optimización de la geometría molecular, donde a partir de la estructura más estable energéticamente se obtuvieron las propiedades espectroscópicas de UV-vis, IR, RMN 1H, RMN 13C, la ocupación e hibridación por medio del análisis NBO, de igual forma, se determinaron sus propiedades electrónicas  (orbitales HOMO-LUMO) y de óptica no lineal (ONL). Por último, se estudió la reactividad mediante el mapa de potencial electrostático (MEP) y los descriptores de reactividad global y local (funciones de Fukui). Todos los cálculos se realizaron al nivel DFT/cam-B3LYP/6-31G(2d) empleando el programa Gaussian09W y GaussView 5.08como interfaz gráfica. Los resultados fueron comparados con los valores experimentales descritos para fragmentos estructurales análogos de la literatura conservando el mismo ambiente químico, obteniendo una buena correlación.
Optimal energy dispatch in multiple periods of time considering the variability and uncertainty of generation from renewable sources/Despacho de energía óptimo en múltiples periodos de tiempo considerando la variabilidad y la incertidumbre de la genera...
Authors: Rivera Sergio , Torres Jefferson
Published: February 2019

En este documento se especificarán los resultados obtenidos al desarrollar una función de optimización de costos para el despacho de energía en múltiples (6) periodos de tiempo considerando la variabilidad y la incertidumbre de diversas fuentes de generación de energías renovables como lo son el sol, el viento, además de los ciclos de carga de Vehículos Eléctricos (VE) en una red de generación distribuida. El algoritmo de optimización heurístico utilizado fue tipo DEEPSO (combinación de enjambre de partículas y evolución diferencial) en el cual se tuvo en cuenta costos de penalización por la sub o sobre estimación del potencial energético, penalizaciones por limitaciones físicas del sistema, además de la optimización del flujo de potencia mediante la inyección de reactivos con capacitores tipo shunt o mediante la utilización de taps de transformadores. El resultado final de la investigación fue el desarrollo de un algoritmo tipo DEEPSO para la optimización del despacho económico de energía en sistemas de potencia con alta penetración de fuentes renovables.
A bibliometric analysis of solar tracking systems research/Un análisis bibliométrico de la investigación de sistemas de seguimiento solar
Authors: Valencia Ochoa Guillermo Eliecer , Roldán Mckinley Javier , Pineda Arrieta Rafael
Published: February 2019

Un total de 131 publicaciones de investigación sobre los sistemas de seguimiento solar de 2007 a 2017 se identificaron a partir de los datos alojados en la versión en línea de SCI-Expanded, Thomson Reuters Web of Science, para el análisis bibliométrico. El análisis incluyó el resultado de la publicación, la distribución de palabras clave, revistas y el desempeño de países, instituciones y autores. También se informan las tendencias de citas y las publicaciones altamente citadas. Se encontró que el resultado de la publicación de documentos relacionados aumentó a lo largo de todo el período de estudio. Los resultados mostraron que "solar", "tracking" y "system" fueron los términos más frecuentes en los títulos de publicación. La institución más productiva fue la universidad de King Abdulaziz ubicada en Arabia Saudita, además se contó con la participación de 202 instituciones, lo que demuestra un gran interés investigativo a nivel mundial. Se encontró que los artículos se volvieron cada vez más colaborativos con un mayor número de autores y referencias bibliografías. Los países más influyentes en este campo investigativo fueron Estados Unidos y China sumando entre ambos el 27,48% de las publicaciones totales.
Premature Ventricular Contraction in Children
Authors: Baranov Alexander A. , Vasichkina Elena S. , Ildarova Roza A. , Lebedev Dmitry S. , Namazova-Baranova Leyla S. , Pokushalov Evgeniy A. , Popov Sergey V. , Termosesov Sergey A. , Shkolnikova Maria A.
Published: February 2019

The article presents updated data on the problem of premature ventricular contractions in children based on the clinical guidelines of the Russian Society of Cardiology and the Union of Pediatricians of Russia for the diagnosis, treatment and management of pediatric patients with premature ventricular contraction. The issues of diagnosis and treatment based on the principles of evidence-based medicine as well as important aspects of prevention of exacerbations and follow-up have been clarified in detail. The criteria for assessing the quality of care for patients with premature ventricular contractions have been presented.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST. Not declared.
The Function of Large Vessels in Normal-Weight and Overweight Children With Psoriasis During Methotrexate Therapy
Authors: Murashkin Nikolay N. , Kogevnikova Olga V. , Materikin Alexander I.
Published: February 2019

Background.In recent years, the opinion has been established that skin manifestations of psoriasis are associated with the damage of other organs and systems, and that psoriatic lesions have a systemic nature, and therefore the term ‘psoriatic disease’ is increasingly used in scientific literature. Among psoriasis comorbidities, metabolic disorders and cardiovascular diseases are of particular clinical importance.Our aim wasto study the effect of systemic cytostatic therapy with methotrexate on the remodelling processes of large vessels in children with psoriasis who have normal and increased body mass index.Methods.The primary data was collected by extracting data from medical records and case follow-up records. The subsequent accumulation, storage, grouping and primary sorting of research data were carried out using a personal computer and Excel application package. Clinical evaluation of the severity of psoriasis and skin lesions was assessed by calculating the PASI index. Non-invasive oscillometric arteriography was performed on a portable ArterioGraph (TensioMed Ltd, Hungary).Results.A direct significant correlation has been established between the revealed impairments of the function of large arteries and the indicators of fat metabolism, the severity of psoriasis and body mass index. During the systemic pathogenetic cytostatic therapy with methotrexate, a significant positive dynamics of the function parameters of large arteries was revealed in children with psoriasis who have both normal and increased body mass index.Conclusion.The undertaken studies showed that methotrexate is an effective and safe agent for treating psoriasis in children aged from 3 to 18 years, has a positive effect on the function of large vessels.

Nikolay N. Murashkin — receiving research funding from pharmaceutical companies Jansen, Eli Lilly. Receiving fees for scientific advice from Galderma, Pierre Fabre, Bayer, Astellas, Libriderm.

Alexander I. Materikin — receiving research funding from pharmaceutical company Eli Lilly. Receiving fees for scientific advice from Bioderma, Libriderm.
Symptoms of Oesophageal Affection in Children With Scleroderma According to Mano-Impedancemetry: A Case Series
Authors: Stepanyan Marina Ju. , Komarova Elena V. , Murashkin Nikolay N. , Alexeeva Ekaterina I.
Published: February 2019

Background.Currently, scleroderma is a rather rare disease, including among children. Despite the growing interest of investigators in this pathology, the problem of diagnosing oesophageal affection in various forms of systemic sclerosis remains under-investigated since endoscopic data does not provide a complete picture of the oesophageal function. Currently, mano-impedancemetry (MIP) is the leading method in Europe for determining the oesophageal function, including in children with scleroderma; in the Russian Federation, it is used only in adults. Proper and timely evaluation of the oesophageal motility state will allow not only to expand our understanding of the disease pathogenesis but also to determine the efficacy of the initiated therapy and to give practice suggestions in terms of treatment tactics in the early stages of the disease.Our aim wasto determine the possibilities of mano-impedancemetry for diagnosing oesophageal affection in juvenile scleroderma.Patients and Methods.The study included children with juvenile scleroderma taken to the department of rheumatology and dermatology from June to August 2016. To identify oesophageal function disorders, all patients underwent high-resolution manometry in combination with impedancemetry.Results.A decrease in the distal oesophageal contraction amplitude in more than 30% of “wet” swallows was found in 2 of 7 children with juvenile systemic scleroderma and in one of 6 children with juvenile focal scleroderma. All 13 patients had peristaltic waves in the distal oesophagus with an amplitude of <30 mm Hg. They had interrupted peristalsis, in which the peristaltic wave did not go through the entire length of the oesophagus; one of these patients showed a simultaneous contraction with an amplitude of <30 mm Hg. All children (n=13) showed a positive correlation (r= 0.021) between the systemic disease and impaired motility (р=0.021).Conclusion.Despite the clinical and laboratory methods for diagnosing scleroderma, the data of oesophageal mano-impedancemetry is an important criterion, primarily for the differential diagnosis of systemic and focal scleroderma, and assists in the early initiation of therapy for oesophageal motility disorders.

Marina Ju. Stepanyan, Ekaterina I. Alexeeva, Elena V. Komarova confirmed the absence of a reportable conflict of interest.

Ekaterina I. Alexeeva — receiving research grants from Pfizer, Roche, Centocor, Novartis.

Nikolay N. Murashkin — receiving research funding from pharmaceutical companies Jansen, Eli Lilly. Receiving fees for scientific advice from Galderma, Pierre Fabre, Bayer, Astellas, Libriderm.
Evaluating workplace trust as a construct of worker engagement in construction
Authors: Lawani Kenneth , Hare Billy , Cameron Iain
Published: February 2019

This qualitative study developed task-based trust themes and a framework – ‘lack of trust’, ‘ability’ (skill, experience and competence), ‘benevolence’ and ‘company integrity’ – from interviews based on the perceptions of workers regarding occupational safety and health (OSH) practices. The phenomenological study adopted semi-structured interviews involving engaged workers until saturation. An additional 22 workers participated in validating the trust framework. Findings suggest that no worker perceived lack of trust within their organisations. Two workers perceived their own skill, knowledge and experience and that of other workers to work safely, but considered their organisation to lack genuine care and company integrity. Six workers acknowledged the presence of ability and genuine benevolence within their workplace. However, they identified lack of company integrity from their management regarding OSH practices. Fourteen workers identified ability, genuine benevolence and company integrity qualities and that their management adhere to sets of principles that they find acceptable and consistent. They also recognised their workplaces to have a strong and transparent organisational leadership and integrity. This study of workplace trust, which is part of a wider study, involves the development of a worker engagement maturity model and a prototype digital tool which would be useful for assessing existing workforce engagement towards improving construction OSH practices.
Sağlığa İlişkin Risklerin Değerlendirilmesinde Vücut Kütle İndeksinin Kullanımı Yeterli midir?
Authors: Devrim Aslı , Bilgiç Pelin
Published: February 2019

Hastalık
ve yaşlanma gibi metabolizmayı etkileyen durumlarda bireylerin vücut yağ
kütlesi ve yağsız vücut kütlelerinde değişiklikler oluşmaktadır. Son dönemlerde
yapılan çalışmalarda, bireylerde görülen vücut ağırlığı ile ilgili fizyolojik
veya psikolojik problemlerin sebeplerinin belirlenmesinde, vücut ağırlığı ve vücut
kütle indeksi (VKİ) değerlerinin hesaplanmasının yeterli olmadığı
vurgulanmıştır. Vücut ağırlığı ve boy uzunluğunun ölçülmesinin yanı sıra vücut
kompozisyonun da değerlendirilmesi gerekmektedir. Buna ek olarak sağlık
risklerinin değerlendirilmesinde yağsız vücut kütle indeksinin (FFMI) kullanılması
yönünde yeni görüşler ve çalışmalar bulunmaktadır.
Oral Risperidon Kullanımına Bağlı Şiddetli Hipoglisemi: Bir Olgu Sunumu
Authors: Örüm Mehmet Hamdi , Kara Mahmut Zabit
Published: February 2019

Risperidon,
ikinci nesil atipik antipsikotiktir ve sıklıkla psikiyatrik bozuklukların
tedavisinde kullanılır. En sık görülen yan etkileri sedasyon, kilo alımı ve
ortostatik hipotansiyondur. Literatürde risperidon kullanımına bağlı reaktif
hipoglisemi ile ilgili az sayıda vaka bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, risperidon
kullanımına bağlı şiddetli hipoglisemi gelişen 22 yaşında bir erkek hastayı
sunduk.
Genesis and Substance in Posidonius’ Stoicism
Authors: Murtinho Braga Boechat Eduardo
Published: February 2019

The Posidonian fragment regarding the process of genesis as described by Arius Dydimus (Epitomefr.27 Diels) turns up twice in Stobaeus’ Eclogae. The passage occurs in a section (I. 20) entitled On Generation and Destructionwhich is mostly concerned with whether the cosmos is destructible. It is followed by a reference to criticism of Mnesarchus, the pupil of Panaeitus. The fragment recurs in Stobaeus at the end of I. 17; this is the chapter which contains Chrysippus’ orthodox classification of mixtures as juxtaposition, fusion and blending (παραθέσει,συγχύσει,κρᾶσιν). As we shall see, there is substantial evidence that Posidonius revised the Stoic position and proposed a new concept of genesis.
Whither the Language Lab?
Authors: Dvorak Trisha , Charlotteaux Brigitte , Gilgen Read , Herren David , Jones Chris , Trometer Ruth
Published: February 2019

Language Labs have experienced many changes over thepast several years, from changes in names to changes in direction.This edited transcription of a panel discussion at the1994 TESOL conference by six experienced language lab directorsprovides an informal and free-wheeling discussionabout the following questions: (1) What's in a name (change)?(2) What is the most appropriate role for technology with respectto language learning and teaching? (3) What is the roleof the language lab vis-a-vis faculty and adminis tration? (4)What are students' perceptions of language labs? (5) Whathas had the greatest impact on language labs over the last tento twenty years? (6) What are the fundamental characteristicsof the ideal lab director? (7) What is the greatest challengefacing the language lab today, as well as into the next decade?(8) Whither the language lab? What direction do we see ourselvesmoving in the next generation?
E. coli K12 DNA Extraction v1
Authors: Schackart Kenneth
Published: February 2019

How to extract DNA from E. coli K12 using Wizard® Genomic DNA Purification Kit by Promega®. I do not claim any credit for the development of this protocol. It has been adapted from the protocol detailed in: .
Estrategias Metodológicas e Instrumentos de Abordaje sobre Estudios de Emociones en Hombres: Revisión Narrativa
Authors: Mendieta-Izquierdo Giovane , Cuevas-Silva Juan María
Published: February 2019

This paper describes the methodological strategies and instruments of approachment based on empirical studies on emotions in men. We develop a narrative review in stages as follows: a) search question b) bibliographic search, c) recovery of studies without design limits, d) systematization of data, e) choice of studies, f) primary analysis, and g) evaluation and final thematic analysis. Databases such as Annual Reviews, Cambridge Collection, EBSCO, Academic One File Unique, Emmerald, Global Issues in Context, Informe Académico, Ingenta Connect, Jstor, Eric, Lippincott Williams & Wolkins, ProQuest, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, Wiley and SciELO, were consulted in English, Portuguese and Spanish, with deadline June 2016, after validation of the descriptors of DeCS Health Sciences. 33 documents were identified, in which ethnography, grounded theory, and discourse analysis were the most used designs. Six studies do not report design. The interview is the most used technique combined with observation and participant observation. Findings show that qualitative methods are the most frequent instruments of research used in studies of emotions in men.
Improving the efficiency of orthodontic treatment of dentofacial anomalies using information systems
Authors: Malahova Natalia E. , Silin Aleksej V. , Shmatko Aleksej D. , Padun Boris S.
Published: February 2019

The review of the general literature devoted to the prediction of the results of dental anomaly orthodontic treatment was carried out. An effective tool for reliable stage and result planning of orthodontic treatment is the creation of a software system contributing to individual approach as well as taking into account many factors that influence the etiopathogenesis of dental anomalies. On the background of studying the dynamics of changes in chronic gingivitis during orthodontic treatment, a protocol was developed for constructing a mathematical model for creating software which can be used for implementing personalized treatment approach.
Effect of thiazolidinediones on dislipidemia in patients with metabolic syndrome depending on the gene PPAR-gamma rs1801282 polymorphism
Authors: Eremenko Tatyana V. , Kotova Svetlana M. , Vorokhobina Natalya V. , Matsievskiy Nikolay A. , Matezius Irina Yu.
Published: February 2019

Background. To evaluate the effect of thiazolidinediones on lipid spectrum of blood in patients with metabolic syndrome depending on gene polymorphism rs1801282.
Materials and methods. The study included 109 patients with newly diagnosed metabolic syndrome. All subjects in the study underwent general clinical, laboratory methods, presence of polymorphism rs1801282 of the PPAR-gamma gene was also determined. All patients were recommended to keep a diet, increase physical activity and receiving pioglitazone 30 mg per day for the period of 3 months.
Results.During therapy with pioglitazone it was noted that the degree of reduction of triglycerides was more pronounced in patients with IGT carrying rs1801282 -1.2 (-1.7; -1.1) versus -0.2 (-0.4; 0.0) in patients with wild genotype (p < 0.001) as well as in patients with type 2 diabetes, carries of polymorphic allele -1.3 (-1.6; -1.2) versus -0.2 (-0.3; 0.0) in patients with wild genotype (p < 0.001).
Conclusion. As a result of administering pioglitazone, an improvement in the lipid spectrum of the examined patients was noted. The maximum degree of reduction of triglycerides was observed in patients carrying rs1801282 polymorphic allele compared with the wild genotype.
The pecularities of odontogenic mediastinitis diagnostics conditioned by its development mechanism
Authors: Kozlov Vladimir A. , Egorova Olga A.
Published: February 2019

In the triad of symptom complexes developing in mediastinitis and forming the mediastinal syndrome two of them, painful and toxic, determine the background of the disease being constant and pronounced.
The third symptom complex, caused by compression of the neurovascular bundle, spreading purulent exudate, determines the nature and variety of symptoms that can imitate the independence of any nosological form: acute pancreatitis, gastric ulcer, myocardial infarction, etc., which have nothing to do with mediastinitis and complicating the diagnosis, leading to erroneous tactics and tragic outcome.
Multidisciplinary approach in geriatrics
Authors: Konson Claudia , Frolova Elena V. , Kostyukovich Oleg M.
Published: February 2019

The article considers the issues of modern systematic approach for solving complex rehabilitation and nursing care problems of geriatric patients. The multidisciplinary approach in the frame of case management has a positive impact on the process and the result of patient’ functional and mental status restoration due to coordinated work of different medical and non-medical specialists depending on the specific problems of a geriatric patient.
Blood serum metabolomic assessment — a perspective diagnostic method for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in men
Authors: Abatsieva Madina P. , Bakulin Igor G. , Sitkin Stanislav I. , Vakhitov Timur Ya. , Demyanova Elena V.
Published: February 2019

Diagnosis of liver disease in particular non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is largely determined by methods that are informative, safe, non-invasive, highly sensitive and can be used in all patients without exception. One of these methods is gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Our study presents the results of serum metabolome assessment by the GC-MS method in male patients for the diagnosis of NAFLD at the stage of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. In serum samples obtained from 25 patients, 319 compounds were identified, among them 109 were annotated. In patients with NAFLD, there was a significant increase in indole carboxylic and fatty acids, hypoxanthine, hydroxycarboxylic and phenylcarboxylic acids. The results of the study showed that low-molecular metabolites in particular reduced levels of 4-hydroxybutyric acid and 360 compounds suggests possible influence of metabolites on the pathogenesis of NAFLD, and an elevated level of sugar alcohol suggests a possible damaging effect on liver cells. For the detected compounds 4-hydroxybutyric acid, compound-360 and sugar alcohol, high specificity and sensitivity values, high confidence intervals and AUC values were shown, which indicates the possibility of using mass spectrometry analysis of plasma metabolome at high levels of steatohepatitis with high degree of reliability and probability.
O espaço heterotópico da peregrinação – uma análise heterotopológica dos caminhos de Santiago
Authors: Mendes Pena Victor Hermann
Published: February 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é elaborar uma análise heterotópica da prática de peregrinação religiosa na Idade Média. Para tal, iremos: rever o conceito de heterotopia, concebido pelo filósofo Michel Foucault, e analisar alguns aspectos da peregrinação através da teoria da heterotopia (utilizando como recorte o entrecho do Purgatório da Divina comédia, de Dante, relatos de milagres no caminho de Compostela e estudos acerca da rota jacobeia). Por fim, buscaremos examinar a aparição tópica da peregrinação na obra História da loucura na Idade Clássica, e de que modo uma heterotopologia da peregrinação pode elucidar alguns aspectos do mundo atual – buscando, assim, destacar a importância de uma abordagem heterotópica desse fenômeno para a história do espaço.
A mitologia grega (1803-1804)
Authors: Medeiros Constantino Luz de
Published: February 2019

Tradução de texto: SCHLEGEL, Friedrich. Die griechische Mythologie (1803-1804). In: SCHLEGEL, Friedrich. Schriften und Fragmente. Ein Gesamtbild seines Geistes. (Hrsg. Ernst Behler). Stuttgart: Alfred Kröner Verlag, 1956, p. 14-20.
Drug utilization study of antibiotics in infectious diseases in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Rangdal Kirti , Kanaki Anand , Patil Ketan
Published: February 2019

Background: Infectious diseases represent a major cause of mortality and morbidity in India. Irrational use of antibiotics can cause increase adverse drug reaction, leading to antibiotic resistance and increase in the treatment cost. Hence pattern of use of antibiotics need to be studied, therefore the aim of our study is to observe the antibiotics prescription pattern and drug utilization in department of medicine indoor patients at our tertiary care hospital.Methods: This was a prospective observational study carried out among indoor patients admitted in medicine ward and was conducted between January 2018 to March 2018 in Basaveshwara Teaching and General Hospital attached to M.R. Medical College, Kalaburagi. The data that was obtained was analysed and presented as percentages using descriptive statistics.Results: 100 patients were enrolled. The main reasons for admission were for diagnosis of respiratory tract infection (36%), GIT disorders (24%), Zoonotic disease (10%), Urinary tract infection (19%) and viral fever (11%). Most common antibiotic prescribed was ceftriaxone (40%), followed by piperacillin (26%). Average number of antibiotics per prescription was 1.7.Conclusions: For a wide spectrum of clinical diagnoses variety of drugs were utilized from various drug classes. Results showed that Cephalosporin was extensively used. As antibiotics are most commonly prescribed drugs and report of misuse is not uncommon so proper strategy like educational intervention and antibiotic policy are necessary to control this.
A questionnaire based study on the knowledge, attitude and the practices of pharmacovigilance among the postgraduate students at a tertiary care hospital in south India
Authors: Kumar Chiranjeevi Uday , Rao G. Harijagannadha , Vasavi G.
Published: February 2019

Background: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are common cause of morbidity in the practice of medicine. Pharmacovigilance is the science of detection, assessment and understanding and prevention of adverse effects or any drug related problems. Post graduates are perhaps the first to notice ADRs in outpatient/inpatient setup as they spend most of the time bedside. Thus, this study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of postgraduates about Pharmacovigilance.Methods: A prevalidated and pretested questionnaire with 20 questions related to KAP of pharmacovigilance is administered to postgraduate students after obtaining their consent. All the completed and returned questionnaires were analysed for results using appropriate statistics.Results: 180 pretested questionnaires were distributed among postgraduates out of which, 122 were returned from postgraduates of all major medical and surgical allied departments. 90.2 % defined pharmacovigilance correctly, 83.6% thought reporting ADRs is a professional obligation, while only 65.6% knew regarding the existence of national pharmacovigilance program. 58.4% have experienced ADRs, of which only 24.6% reported ADR to pharmacovigilance centre. Major reasons for under reporting are lack of time to report and difficulty to decide whether ADR has occurred or not.Conclusions: In this study, the knowledge and attitude related to Pharmacovigilance is good amongst postgraduates, but practical implementation in reporting of ADRs is poor. Sensitization programs on pharmacovigilance practice in tertiary care hospitals and regular review meetings to ensure ADR reporting to pharmacovigilance centre will strengthen the health care setup.
Las empresas frigoríficas en Argentina: estrategias empresariales y cambios en el sector industrial (1882-1930)
Authors: Lluch Andrea
Published: February 2019

Argentina dominó el mercado mundial de carnes desde inicios del siglo XX, y los frigoríficos representaron una de las principales industrias radicadas en Argentina. Este artículo se propone revisitar un tema clásico dentro de la historiografía económica argentina desde una nueva perspectiva, al enfocarse en los actores empresariales e insertar este análisis en un proceso de cambio de la industria de la carne a escala global. La investigación propone una periodización distinta e ilustra las importantes transformaciones (en términos de actores, estrategias y perfiles productivos) que vivió la industria de la carne desde fines del siglo XIX hasta finales de los años veinte. Se analiza también cómo el sector se destacó por una temprana y fuerte concentración y por la competencia oligopólica entre las principales empresas, caracterizada por largos periodos de cooperación y breves enfrentamientos por las cuotas de exportación.
Building the Network of Minority Health Research Investigators: A Novel Program to Enhance Leadership and Success of Underrepresented Minorities in Biomedical Research
Authors: Blanchard Shirley A. , Rivers Rob , Martinez Winnie , Agodoa Lawrence
Published: February 2019

Background: To address the myriad of health problems and disparities that affect the United States (US) population, the mix of health care professionals and researchers must reflect the full diversity of the nation. There continues to be discrepancy between the number of trained scientists and bio­medical researchers from underrepresented populations relative to the overall popula­tion. A scarcity of formal and informal net­working opportunities for minority research­ers and health care providers contribute to this lack of diversity.Objective: The purpose of this article is to report the outcomes of an established junior minority faculty mentoring program. The Network of Minority Health Research Investigators (NMRI) was established by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) in 2002. We present outcome data from 2008 to the present.Methods: The Oversight and Planning Committees of the NMRI developed an 18-question survey. The NMRI program analyst conducted a pilot test of the survey and made modifications to ensure readabil­ity and understanding. From 2008 – 2018, we administered the survey in both paper and electronic versions to junior and senior members of NMRI. Descriptive results identified the participants. We used open coding to extrapolate recurring statements, words, and themes that were organized into four final categories: reasons for attending NMRI; mentoring; career development; and social support.Results: Participants were primarily post-doctoral researchers or assistant professors seeking promotion to instructor or associ­ate professor with tenure (64%). Consistent reasons for participating in the Network included: career development; emotional support; mentorship for research; devel­oping or refining skills for grant writing; lab management; poster presentations; and applying for tenure. Areas of research interest included diabetes, kidney diseases, nutrition, obesity, and bioinformatics.Conclusions: While the number of respons­es to the survey varied annually, the qualita­tive results suggest that career development and social support provided through the Network were the largest motivators for participation. Ethn Dis. 2019;29(Suppl 1):119-122; doi:10.18865/ed.29.S1.119.
Social Networks and Physical Activity in Senior Housing: A Pilot Feasibility Study
Authors: Webster Noah J. , Antonucci Toni C. , Alexander Neil B.
Published: February 2019

Objective: Only 16% of people aged >65 years engage in recommended levels of physical activity, putting a vast major­ity at risk for multiple chronic conditions including heart disease. Physical activity is even lower among older adults with fewer economic resources. Research is needed to develop context-specific approaches to pair with physical activity interventions to increase effectiveness. In this pilot study, we examine social ties and physical activity levels of older adults living in a US Depart­ment of Housing and Urban Development subsidized senior housing community to test feasibility of a social network-based approach to physical activity interventions. This study is grounded in Social Contagion Theory and the Convoy Model of Social Relations, which argue health and health-related behaviors are facilitated through network ties.Methods: Data were collected through face-to-face interviews conducted over the course of three months (September- November 2018) with 46 residents living in a low-income senior housing community in southeast Michigan. Residents were asked about physical activity, people they know in the community, and their close social network composition.Results: Residents reported knowing, on average, six other residents and approxi­mately 28% of those in their close networks were also residents. Sociocentric network analysis identified two socially engaged (known by seven or more other residents) physically active residents, whereas ego-centric analysis identified four (60% or more of their network comprised residents).Conclusions: This study demonstrates potential feasibility of a strategic partnership that involves pairing social resources with physical activity interventions in afford­able senior housing. Multiple approaches, which need to be evaluated, exist to identify socially engaged residents.Ethn Dis. 2019;29(Suppl 1): 201-208; doi:10.18865/ ed.29.S1.201.
The Research Centers in Minority Institutions (RCMI) Translational Research Network: Building and Sustaining Capacity for Multi-Site Basic Biomedical, Clinical and Behavioral Research
Authors: Ofili Elizabeth O. , Tchounwou Paul B. , Fernandez-Repollet Emma , Yanagihara Richard , Akintobi Tabia H. , Lee Jae E. , Malouhi Mohamad , Garner Solomon T. , Hayes Traci T. , Baker Almelida R. , Dent, II Andrew L. , Abdelrahim Muna , Rollins Latrice , Chang Sandra P. , Sy Angela , Hernandez Brenda Y. , Bullard Pamela L. , Noel, Jr. Richard J. , Shiramizu Bruce , Hedges Jerris R. , Berry Marla J. , Bond Vincent C. , Lima Maria F. , Mokuau Noreen , Kirken Robert A. , Cruz-Correa Marcia , Sarpong Daniel F. , Vadgama Jaydutt , Yates Clayton , Kahn Shafiq A. , Soliman Karam F. , Perry George , Pezzano Mark , Luciano Carlos , Barnett M. Edwina , Oyekan Adebayo , Kumar Deepak , Norris Keith C.
Published: February 2019

The Research Centers in Minority Institu­tions (RCMI) program was established by the US Congress to support the develop­ment of biomedical research infrastructure at minority-serving institutions granting doctoral degrees in the health professions or in a health-related science. RCMI institu­tions also conduct research on diseases that disproportionately affect racial and ethnic minorities (ie, African Americans/Blacks, American Indians and Alaska Natives, His­panics, Native Hawaiians and Other Pacific Islanders), those of low socioeconomic sta­tus, and rural persons. Quantitative metrics, including the numbers of doctoral science degrees granted to underrepresented stu­dents, NIH peer-reviewed research funding, peer-reviewed publications, and numbers of racial and ethnic minorities participat­ing in sponsored research, demonstrate that RCMI grantee institutions have made substantial progress toward the intent of the Congressional legislation, as well as the NIH/NIMHD-linked goals of addressing workforce diversity and health disparities. Despite this progress, nationally, many challenges remain, including persistent disparities in research and career develop­ment awards to minority investigators. The continuing underrepresentation of minority investigators in NIH-sponsored research across multiple disease areas is of concern, in the face of unrelenting national health inequities. With the collaborative network support by the RCMI Translational Research Network (RTRN), the RCMI community is uniquely positioned to address these chal­lenges through its community engagement and strategic partnerships with non-RCMI institutions. Funding agencies can play an important role by incentivizing such col­laborations, and incorporating metrics for research funding that address underrep­resented populations, workforce diversity and health equity.Ethn Dis. 2019;29(Suppl 1):135-144; doi:10.18865/ed.29.S1.135.
Promoting Health Equity through De-Implementation Research
Authors: Helfrich Christian D. , Hartmann Christine W. , Parikh Toral J. , Au David H.
Published: February 2019

Ensuring equitable access to quality health care historically has focused on gaps in care, where patients fail to receive the high-value care that will benefit them, something termed unde­ruse. But providing high-quality health care sometimes requires reducing low-value care that delivers no benefit or where known harms outweigh expected benefits. These situations represent health care overuse. The process involved in reducing low-value care is known as de-implementation. In this article, we argue that de-implementation is critical for advanc­ing equity for several reasons. First, medical overuse is associated with patient race, ethnic­ity, and socioeconomic status. In some cases, the result is even double jeopardy, where racial and ethnic minorities are at higher risk of both overuse and underuse. In these cases, more tra­ditional efforts focused exclusively on underuse ignore half of the problem. Second, overuse of preventive care and screening is often greater for more socioeconomically advantaged pa­tients. Within insured populations, this means more socioeconomically disadvantaged pa­tients subsidize overuse. Finally, racial and eth­nic minorities may have different experiences of overuse than Whites in the United States. This may make efforts to de-implement over­use particularly fraught. We therefore provide several actions for closing current research gaps, including: adding subgroup analyses in studies of medical overuse; specifying and measuring potential mechanisms related to equity (eg, double jeopardy vs thermostat models of over­use); and testing de-implementation strategies that may mitigate bias.Ethn Dis. 2019;29(Suppl 1):93-96; doi:10.18865/ed.29.S1.93.
Violencia política y relatos desde la dimensión subjetiva
Authors: Herrera Martha Cecilia , Olaya Vladimir
Published: February 2019

En Colombia se afirma que es tiempo de memoria para aludir al posicionamiento en la agenda pública de los asuntos de violencia política acaecidos en nuestra historia reciente, lo cual ha dado pie al desarrollo de investigaciones académicas y al diseño de políticas públicas tendientes al esclarecimiento de lo acontecido y de sus posibles soluciones. Desde este horizonte el artículo reflexiona sobre la importancia de la literatura biográfica y testimonial y su pertinencia dentro de la investigación histórica para el abordaje de este tipo de  problemáticas. Como parte de este propósito se analiza uno de los relatos testimoniales recolectados en una investigación llevada a cabo en torno a la configuración de subjetividades en contextos de violencia política, indicando como este tipo de fuentes al tiempo que habilitan al sujeto corriente como participante de un momento histórico determinado, revelan, a su vez, los estrechos lazos existentes entre individuo y sociedad.
Tetraciclyne Resistance Eschericia coli Isolated From Broiler Chicken Meat
Authors: Putri Anisa Rizca , Suswati Enny , Indreswari Laksmi
Published: February 2019

Antibiotic resistance is a serious health problem that have ben uneffective therapy. The cause of antibiotic resistance 80% comes from food of animal origin such as Broiler Chicken. E. coli contamination in antibiotic resistant chicken has been shown to transfer genetic factors between bacteria in the human intestinal system. Almost all broiler breeders use commercial feed containing tetracycline antibiotics. The use of antibiotics in the feed mixture is one of the risk factors for resistance. The aim of this study was to get an information of antibiotic resistance E. coli which isolated from broiler meat. Identification test of E. coli used two phase, presumtive test and confirmed test. Sensitivity test for E. coli to antibiotic by disc diffusion Kirby Bauer method. This study used 6 sample of upper thigh broiler meat, the antibiotic use tetracycline. The data were analyzed descriptively. The results of this study show that from 6 isolate sample, there are 4 isolate identificated as E. coli and 2 isolate show resistance to the tetracycline antibiotic. The conclusion of this study showed resistance has occurred on 50% sample.