bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНЕ ПРОГНОЗУВАННЯ ЯК ОСНОВА СТРАТЕГІЧНОГО ПЛАНУВАННЯ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ПРОМИСЛОВОГО ПІДПРИЄМСТВА
Authors: Царьова Т.О. , Зозульов О.В. , Черненко О. В.
Published: May 2022

Стаття присвячена висвітленню питання технологічного прогнозування на промислових підприємствах. Зазначено наріжну роль, яку відіграє технологія у формування конкурентоспроможності промислового підприємства, і, відповідно, необхідність врахування перспектив її розвитку під час стратегічного планування. Зазначено, що роль технологічного прогнозування останнім часом значно зросла з огляду на інноваційний характер конкуренції на багатьох промислових ринках. З’ясовано, що технологічне прогнозування на сьогодні набуває найбільш популярної форми форсайт-методу, що передбачає залучення значної кількості ресурсів, учасників, вимагає збору великого масиву даних, що виконується переважно великими компаніями-технологічними лідерами, або на рівні держави чи окремих ділових угрупувань. Для компаній невеликого розміру такий метод прогнозування є занадто складним та дорогим, вони потребують менш масштабних інструментів. Визначення необхідного набору засобів прогнозування вимагає уточнення об’єкту дослідження: що саме підлягатиме аналізу. Технологія, к об’єкт дослідження, є складною системою, що взаємодіє із зовнішнім та внутрішнім середовищем підприємства, окрім того, вона має власні специфічні особливості, як наприклад, ефект синергії, життєвий цикл, тощо. Отже, аналіз має йти у трьох напрямках: 1) прогнозування стану зовнішнього середовища, що охоплює класичні фактори маркетингового середовища, на макро- (політико-правове, економічне, демографічне, соціокультурне, науково-технічне середовище)  та мікрорівні (конкуренти, постачальники тощо); 2) прогнозування потенційних змін самої технології, із урахуванням її особливостей: нелінійності її розвитку, ефектів синергії, особливостей життєвого циклу; 3) прогнозування сфери впливу технології: товару, його особливостей, його життєвого циклу, стану ресурсів, особливостей організації підприємств, технологій управління, можливостей використання нових ресурсів та модернізації існуючих. Поєднання аналізу щодо цих трьох складових дає комплексне бачення технологічного розвитку, що може бути покладене в основу стратегічного корпоративного планування підприємства.
МЕТОДОЛОГІЯ АНАЛІЗУ ДИНАМІКИ СТАЛОГО РОЗВИТКУ УКРАЇНИ НА ОСНОВІ КОНТРОЛЬНИХ КАРТ ШУХАРТА
Authors: Караєва Н.В. , Варава І.А.
Published: May 2022

У статті визначено що, однією з важливих перешкод досягнення цілей сталого розвитку України є несистемність та нестабільність процесів планування. Доведено, що складність процесу державного управління сталим розвитком полягає у дуалістичності категорій «сталість (стійкість, стабільність») і «розвиток» в контексті одного часового простору. Розглянуто сутність дефініцій цих категорій і запропоновано використання категорій «сталий» і «безпечний» як синоніми. Визначено, що процес управління сталим розвитком, з однієї сторони, має бути спрямованим на забезпечення стійкого (безпечного) стану соціо-еколого-економічної системи а, з іншої – на удосконалення системи і перехід її в якісно новий стан. Зазначено, що однією з важливих функцій управління сталим розвитком є аналітична, що пов'язана з аналізом динаміки і прогнозуванням процесів розвитку. Обґрунтовано доцільність та науково-методологічні положення використання контрольних карт Шухарта в задачах аналізу динаміки сталого розвитку України. Визначено, що теорія контрольних карт Шухарта у значній мірі кореспондується з основними положеннями теорій сталого розвитку, хаосу і «Чорного лебідя». Зазначено, що з погляду цих теорій траєкторії розвитку соціально-економічних систем притаманні синтез впорядкованого (лінійного, керованого) та хаотичного (нелінійного, некерованого) процесів, широка амплітуда коливань прогресивної і регресивної динаміки. Доведено, що саме нестійкість траєкторії розвитку соціально-економічних систем робить їх надзвичайно чутливими до управління в умовах непрогнозованих флуктуацій (так званих «Чорних лебедів») та економічних криз. В контексті управління сталим розвитком, визначено, щоб протистояти «особливим» причинам («Чорним лебедям») необхідно державі розробляти і впроваджувати якісно нові механізми забезпечення економічної безпеки і відновлення потенціалу розвитку. Для досягнення цілей сталого розвитку необхідно найбільш правильно оцінювати ситуацію, в якій доводиться приймати управлінські рішення. Обґрунтовано доцільність використання комбінованої  XmR-карти в задачах аналізу динаміки сталого розвитку та економічної безпеки України, зокрема для виявлення періодів «хаосу» і «порядку» (некерованого і керованого процесу управління). Наведено детальна інтерпретація результатів побудови XmR-карти динаміки сталого розвитку і економічної безпеки України за 1990-2019 роки.
ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДИЧНИЙ ПІДХІД ДО ФОРМУВАННЯ ТА УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ В УМОВАХ СТРУКТУРНО-ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНИХ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЙ
Authors: Титикало В.С.
Published: May 2022

Процеси господарювання у кожному підприємстві пов’язані із безперервними структурно-організаційними трансформаціями та адаптаціями до них. Економічний потенціал підприємства потребує постійного моніторингу його стану та резервів. Метою наукового дослідження є розробка теоретико-методичного підходу до формування, оцінювання та удосконалення економічного потенціалу підприємств в умовах структурно-організаційних трансформацій. Теоретичною базою проведення дослідження є наукові результати провідних вчених. Методологічною основою є використання відповідних методів та інструментів щодо оцінювання економічного потенціалу підприємств: експертних методів для визначення основних тенденцій економічного потенціалу; головних компонент в кореляційно-регресійному аналізі для формування інтегрального показника економічного потенціалу в умовах структурно-організаційних трансформацій. У статі запропоновано використати теоретико-методичний підхід, який дозволяє оперувати значним масивом різних за обсягами даних та визначати структурно-організаційні взаємозв’язки між показниками, які визначають локальні складові економічного потенціалу та його забезпечення. Передбачена комплексна діагностика по визначеним складовим економічного потенціалу підприємства: реструктуризаційно-модернізаційна, ринково-відтворювальна, компетентнісно-функціональна та інновінгово-інтелектуальна, кожен з яких аналізується в трьох аспектах, а саме, ресурси, можливості і компетенції. На базі оцінок окремих складових економічного потенціалу підприємства формується його інтегральний показник з використанням методу головних компонент та кореляційно-регресійного аналізу. Застосування викладених методичних розробок на практиці дозволяє: сформувати розуміння поточного стану і тенденцій у розвитку підприємства; виділити проблеми, що стоять перед підприємством; сформувати управлінські рішення для забезпечення належного рівня економічного потенціалу підприємства; порівнювати підприємства між собою. Аналіз економічного потенціалу підприємства дозволяє отримати як комплексну оцінку, так і приватні оцінки складових економічного потенціалу підприємства. На підставі даного дослідження аналітик може виявити проблеми підприємства та запропонувати шляхи їх вирішення.
ОСНОВНІ ІДЕЇ ІСТОРИЧНОЇ ШКОЛИ ПОЛІТИЧНОЇ ЕКОНОМІЇ ТА ЇХ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Обіход Т. В.
Published: May 2022

Із метою розуміння сучасного стану і розроблення оптимальних моделей економічного розвитку України розглянуто історію виникнення та основні ідеї економічних учень від меркантилізму, фізіократії, класичної політичної теорії до марксизму, кейнсіанства, монетаризму та інституціоналізму. З’ясування сутності і закономірностей історично попередніх вчень і сучасного стану економічних відносин пов’язано із визначенням характерних рис і наукових концепцій економічних учень, які є важливими для розуміння можливих тенденцій і напрямів їхнього майбутнього розвитку, а також для розроблення і формування оптимальних моделей розвитку економічних відносин. Досліджені вчення засновані як на методології економічної науки і історії економічних вчень, так і на стику методів історії, філософії і соціології. Для реалізації економічної політики за допомогою інституціональних мір у рамках розроблення економічних програм запропоновано використання окремих законів і категорій економічного життя з використанням учень кейнсіанства, монетаризма і інституціоналізма.
СТРАТЕГІЧНЕ УПРАВЛІННЯ ПОТЕНЦІАЛОМ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА: ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ
Authors: Костецька Н. І.
Published: May 2022

У статті досліджено теоретико-методичні аспекти стратегічного управління потенціалом підприємства та особливості його впровадження в практичну діяльність. Теоретичною та методологічною основою дослідження стали наукові праці вчених з питань формування й розвитку потенціалу підприємства, а також стратегічного управління. У статті використано такі загальнонаукові методи дослідження, як методи теоретичного узагальнення, аналізу та синтезу, системного та порівняльного аналізу, абстрактно-логічний, графічний. Досліджено роль і значення потенціалу підприємства в контексті історичного розвитку парадигми стратегічного менеджменту. Встановлено, що ресурсний підхід до стратегічного управління, представлений структурним і процесним напрямами, найбільшою мірою сприяє розвитку потенціалу підприємства. Для практичного запровадження стратегічного управління потенціалом на підприємствах рекомендовано забезпечити формування системи, яка повинна містити такі основні складові частини, як стратегічне планування, реалізація і контроль.
Selection of optimal conditions for the lactic acid biosynthesis
Authors: Bondareva O. V. , Tolkacheva A. A. , Nekrasova N. A. , Shuvaeva G. P. , Cherenkov D. A. , Korneeva O. S.
Published: May 2022

Lactic acid is used in various industries: chemical, food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, agriculture and polymer production. 40% of the domestic market demand for lactic acid is met through imports, while the main methods for producing lactic acid are microbiological or synthetic. The most rational is microbiological synthesis, however, when it is implemented, valuable sugar-containing substrates (crystalline sucrose, molasses, sugar syrup) are used, which significantly affects the cost of the final product. There was an obvious need to search for new technologies for the production of lactic acid. Prospective and cost-effective is the processing of whey into lactic acid using bacterial fermentation of the lactose contained in the whey. The aim of the study is to screen cultures of microorganisms capable of fermenting lactose contained in milk whey and to select the composition of the medium that provides the maximum yield of lactic acid. Strains of lactic acid bacteria were used in the experiment: Leuconostocmesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides 122 (B1699), Lactobacillus brevis B78 (B5728), Lactobacillus plantarum K9 (B5466), Lactobacillus casei C1 (B5726), Lactobacillus acidophilus (B9012), Lactobacillus paracasei BT 24/88 (B6253), Lactobacillus paracasei 139 (B2430), obtained from the Russian National Collection of Industrial Microorganisms (Scientific Center "Kurchatov Institute" -Research Institute for Genetics and Selection of Industrial Microorganisms). The authors determined the optimal composition of the medium for the biosynthesis of lactic acid by selecting the concentrations of yeast autolysate and salt solution that provide the maximum yield of lactic acid. The authors also selected the optimal duration of lactic acid biosynthesis. The study of the acid-forming ability of strains of lactic acid bacteria showed that of the strains studied, Lactobacillus casei C1 (B5726) showed the greatest ability to ferment lactose by synthesizing lactic acid, which correlates with the data on assimilation of lactose by the culture. The optimal cultivation time (132 h) and the concentration of yeast lysate (5%) in a nutrient medium based on curd whey were selected. With optimal parameters, the maximum concentration of lactic acid in the culture liquid of Lactobacillus casei C1 (B5726) was 54.77 g / L, which is comparable with the currently used producers in the industrial production of lactic acid.
Determination of antibiotic residues in animal products
Authors: Chaplygina O. S. , Prosekov A. Y. , Belova D. D.
Published: May 2022

Antibiotics are widely used for the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in medicine and veterinary medicine, as well as growth stimulants in animal husbandry. The presence of residual traces of antibiotics in animal products, and further in food products derived from it, poses a danger to both humans and the environment as a whole. The irrational use of antibiotics in agriculture stimulates the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria that can cause infectious diseases in humans and animals that cannot be treated with modern medicines. Due to the potential risk to human health in many countries, the maximum permissible limits for the content of residual traces of antibiotics are regulated. Therefore, the development of new highly sensitive, accurate, simple and cost-effective methods for their determination remains an urgent task. This review is aimed at analyzing recent work in the field of identification of residual traces of antibiotics in food products.
Simulation of ethylene oxide production from ethylene cholorhydrin
Authors: Abd Allah Elrafie Ahmed , Kasif Abdel Elhameed M.O. , Mohamed Yasir Awad Alla , Mahmoud Ayat Abdel Elkhalig H.
Published: May 2022

This research has been performed in the Ethylene Oxide production process. It is a flammable and colorless gas at temperatures above 11 °C. It is an important commodity chemical for the production of solvents, antifreeze, textiles, detergents, adhesives, polyurethane foam, and pharmaceuticals. Small amounts of Ethylene Oxide [EO] are used in manufacturing fumigants and sterilants for spices and cosmetics, as well as hospital sterilization for surgical equipment. Modern Ethylene oxide [EO] productions employ either air or oxygen (O2)to oxidize ethylene (C2H4) with  a silver catalyst on an alumina oxide carrier[Ag/Al2O3]catalyst packed in a fixed-bed reactor (plug-flow reactor)but the oxygen-base reaction process is more desirable   here we used oxygen. Mainly two reactions occur, partial oxidation of ethylene to ethylene oxide and total oxidation of ethylene to carbon dioxide and water. The design models of the process in this research based on a three-part system. They are: the reaction system, absorption system and Ethylene Oxide [EO] purification system. The largest cost in production of ethylene oxide is ethylene therefore, it’s important to optimize the selectivity towards ethylene oxide and thus reduce the consumption of Ethylene. The aim of this work is to create a simulation model of the Ethylene Oxide production process from Ethylene using Aspen Hysys V9. Also to knowing the optimum operational conditions (temperature –pressure –flow rate) for the oxidation reactions of Ethylene. The simulation was running three times with various operational conditions to   make a good result. The conclusion was that during operational time the activation energy increased for both reactions which have to be compensated with increasing reactor temperature. At the same time the selectivity for producing Ethylene Oxide decreases, i.e. more carbon dioxide and water are formed. The simulation models yield Ethylene Oxide with purity of 99.2%.
Investigation of the properties of synthetic and biodegradable polymers, with a view to the possibility of their use in the food industry
Authors: Ershova O. V. , Mullina E. R. , Bessonova J. A. , Bagreeva K. V.
Published: May 2022

The article deals with the actual problem of environmental friendliness of packaging materials used in the food industry. The aim of the work was to study the physical and mechanical characteristics of biodegradable and synthetic polymers, with the aim of updating the replacement of synthetic packaging materials with more environmentally friendly materials. The article discusses the main characteristics of innovative biodegradable materials based on polylactides (PLA). A comparative analysis of the strength and sorption properties of both biodegradable and synthetic polymeric materials is presented. A comparative analysis of the materials under study was carried out according to the following parameters: water absorption, puncture resistance, deformation-strength and thermophysical characteristics. The paper also presents the results of a study of the water-absorbing capacity of the analyzed polymeric materials. The results of tests are presented, which make it possible to establish the temperature-time parameters of the processing of polylactide by the melt method. The data obtained by the DSC method on the establishment of relaxation and phase transitions that occur in the polymer during thermolysis are analyzed. During the experiment, experimental studies of the chemical properties of biodegradable materials based on polylactides (PLA), made in China were carried out. The main advantages and disadvantages of synthetic and natural polymeric materials are considered. In addition, the paper analyzes the environmental aspects of the practical application of the studied polymeric materials. Conclusions are formulated about the possibility and safety of using the presented materials in various branches of the food industry. Based on the results of the experiment, it was found that synthetic polymer materials slightly exceed biopolymer materials in terms of the investigated physical and mechanical parameters, however, given the environmental friendliness and the possibility of complete utilization in natural conditions, this fact does not reduce the relevance of using biopolymers in the food industry. In addition, the analysis of data on the chemical composition of the studied biopolymers based on polylactides (PLA) showed that the decrease in the strength parameters of the presented samples can be neutralized by introducing modifying strengthening and hydrophobizing additives.
Russian's Smart Cities : Risks and Opportunities
Authors: Afanaseva Y. S. , Popova N. E.
Published: May 2022

Over the past ten years, the creation of "smart cities" has become a priority area for the development of the digital economy in the world, in our country this direction is just beginning to develop both in legal and regulatory documents, and in economic, social aspects. The achievement of reference points for the spatial development of the economy is due to the implementation of the Smart City project. In our country, the Smart City project is aimed at creating an effective urban management system, creating security and comfortable living conditions for citizens and increasing the competitiveness of Russian cities. The implementation of the national project "Housing and Urban Environment" and the national program "Digital Economy" is being implemented as part of the national project "Smart City", which was developed by the Ministry of Construction of Russia and started in 2018. The implementation of the "Smart City" project is gradually being implemented in various regions of the Russian Federation using digital technologies in urban infrastructure development. The implementation of this project involves taking into account the economic potential of the region, financial resources, human capital (level of education and age of the population), innovation potential, which is determined by the availability and quality of the relevant business infrastructure, scientific, technical and educational base. When implementing each project, risks are not excluded: social, economic, political, technological, which must be taken into account when implementing the Smart City project. The work considered the problems of introducing a national project in the regions, as well as during the analysis highlighted the risks in creating "smart cities." The main directions of trends in the development of "smart cities" are considered: social, economic, technological. The IQ index of the largest "smart cities" for the period 2019-2020 was analyzed. Dynamics of growth of "intellectual" index of digitalization of Russian cities revealed.
Management of organizational changes in the enterprise in the market of intercom systems: theoretical approaches, analysis of potential and development strategy
Authors: Gurina M. A. , Vasileva S. I. , Shurupova A. S.
Published: May 2022

The article reveals theoretical approaches to managing the organizational potential of the enterprise in the conditions of change and reorganization. The positions of foreign and domestic authors on the understanding of the subject of organizational development and the main factors affecting the different components of the organization and undergoing changes are compared. The goals of organizational development of the modern organization are revealed and the risks faced by the organization in the context of change are highlighted. The authors justify the effectiveness of the organization's development by choosing a change management model that allows it to prepare for the challenges of the external and internal environment. The study considers the industry of intercom systems, which is currently undergoing significant changes, including in the composition of products and types of services under the influence of technological factors. Currently, the aggressive offensive and diversification of the activities of large companies into the regional markets of this sector of the economy leads to a fairly understandable algorithm for changes in the organizational potential of such enterprises. In this regard, in our opinion, the analysis of the experience of managing changes of regional small companies is of greater interest. The object of the study was a regional enterprise of the Lipetsk region LLC Binom, engaged in the field of intercom systems. Analysis of the research subject with the help of various tools of strategic analysis of the external and internal environment of the company revealed the main problems in the management of organizational development related to the management style, the model of organizational culture, applied management methods that do not correspond to the stage of the life cycle of the company. To increase the viability of the enterprise in the market of intercom systems, which is a key factor and condition for development in the long term, a set of measures was proposed aimed at preparing the company for changes in the future and improving management efficiency in the present.
Cattle Sarcocystis spp. infection Prevention and Control
Authors: Rutaganira Joseph , Glamazdin Igor
Published: May 2022

Cattle Sarcocystis spp. are protozoa.  They often parasitise tissues of Cattle. Few of these species are zoonoses. Therefore, they are foodborne parasites associated with consumption of raw or insufficiently thermally treated sarcocystic beef meat. Swallowing oocysts from environmental objects primarily contaminated water, garden crops, grazing on contamited pasture, etc. can cause Cattle sarcocystosis. Sarcocystis spp specific to Cattle include S.hominis, S.heydorni, S.cruzi, S.hirsuta, S.rommeli &S.bovifelis. Among them, S.hominis and S.heydorni are zoonotic and pathogenic agents. Human Intestinal/ Muscular Sarcocystosis is a disease that caused by eating raw or poorly cooked Cattle meat infected by Sarcocystis zoonoses (S.hominis&S.heydorni). Intestinal Sarcocystosis was reported almost from all corners of the world. This has been well documented but no powerful Preventive and control methods available to public yet. With the world growing population, researchers should provide or suggest practical solution to supply safe food to the consumers. During our research work we tried to compare the effectiveness of all available documented Cattle sarcocystis spp. Testing methods to recommend the best one to the public for screening health from infected Cattle before slaughter in the slaughter house. Though culture and society play a fundamental role in foodborne control, we also came up with additional control safety measures recommendations all along the beef meat supply chain.
Atmospheric CO2: A Finite Reservoir Model Reproduces 14C / 13C over Two Centuries and Indicates the Fossil-Fuel Anthropogenic Contribution
Authors: Taylor Stephen
Published: May 2022

Whereas many carbon cycle models track CO2 perturbations relative to a pre-industrial equilibrium, this paper uses absolute quantities to describe atmospheric CO2 sinks, source and flow rates. This method, when combined with the notion of source and sink resistance, and a finite biospheric reservoir, accurately describes 14C levels between 1820 and 2020 using only five external parameters. The inputs are:- global records of fossil-fuel emissions, records of CO2 mixing-ratio and listings of atmospheric atomic weapons tests. Over the same period 13C flows are also accurately described given a ð13C value for fossil fuel and a ð13C value for the initial background. This top-down approach differs from complex climate models since it circumvents the necessity to catalogue individual processes. The paper proceeds to use the method to examine the anthropogenic fossil-fuel emissions contributions during the period 1750 to 2020, deducing that around 24% remains in the atmosphere, while 76% has been absorbed in the land, terrestrial biosphere and surface ocean. During the same period 13% of the total CO2 atmospheric concentration is due to fossil fuels. However, regarding the increase, fossil fuels contributed to 38% of the rise during this period.
Analyzing Collatz Conjecture Using the Mathematical Complete Induction Method
Authors: Orús-Lacort Mercedes , Jouis Christophe
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we demonstrate the Collatz conjecture using the mathematical complete induction method. We show that this conjecture is satisfied for the first values of natural numbers, and in analyzing the sequence generated by odd numbers, we can deduce a formula for the general term of the Collatz sequence for any odd natural number n after several iterations. This formula is used in one case that we analyze using the mathematical complete induction method in the process of demonstrating the conjecture.
Full-Scale Demonstration of Combined Ground Source Heating and Sustainable Urban Drainage in Roadbeds
Authors: Poulsen Søren Erbs , Andersen Theis Raaschou , Tordrup Karl Woldum
Published: May 2022

This paper proposes and demonstrates, in full scale, a novel type of energy geostructure (“the Climate Road”) that combines a ground source heat pump (GSHP) with a sustainable urban drainage system (SUDS) by utilizing the gravel roadbed simultaneously as energy source and rainwater retarding basin. The Climate Road measures 50m x 8m x 1m (length, width, depth) and has 800 m of geothermal piping embedded in the roadbed, serving as the heat collector for a GSHP that supplies a nearby kindergarten with domestic hot water and space heating. Model analysis of operational data from 2018-2021 indicates sustainable annual heat production levels around 0.6 MWh per meter road, with a COP of 2.9-3.1. The continued infiltration of rainwater to the roadbed increases the amount of extractable heat by an estimated 17% compared to the case of zero infiltration. Using the developed model for scenario analysis we find that draining rainwater from three single family houses and storing 30% of the annual heating consumption in the roadbed, increases the predicted extractable energy by 56% compared to zero infiltration with no seasonal energy storage. The Climate Road is capable of supplying three single family houses with heating, cooling and rainwater management year-round.
Instruments of technological competitiveness of the economy: Cluster approach
Authors: Nikitsina Yuliya Fedorovna
Published: May 2022

Emergence of global production chains, global value chains led to the restructuring of the international economic system. The depth of fragmentation of production cycles has led to an increase in the interdependence of countries. At the same time, the world economy turned out to be segmented into several large zones, represented by a group of states. The growth of competition in the conditions of an innovative type of economic development has led to a rethinking of the integrative potential of the cluster approach.
Understanding as a factor of the intelligent management of information and human behaviour
Authors: Ivanova Svetlana Anatoljevna , Suetin Artem Georgievich
Published: May 2022

The article considers the issues related to the deterioration of human understanding of meanings, which leads to the decrease in the manageability of society, both at the informational and behavioural levels. It is proposed to consider the “infology” approach as a potential opportunity to accumulate own cognitive experience, which makes it possible to improve the understanding of the surrounding world and its internal connections, as well as to become the basis for the work of schools that research the future. The proposed methodology for working with information takes into account the peculiarities of human perception of information and the specifics of working with it.
Teacher training for the education of the future: Challenges and a strategy for change
Authors: Sirenka Sviatlana Nikolaevna
Published: May 2022

The article substantiates socio-cultural prerequisites and educational trends that determine the direction of modernization of pedagogical training in world practice. A comparative analysis of approaches to the improvement of teacher education in the leading countries of the PISA educational rating and in the Union State of Belarus – Russia was carried out. The results of experimental work on the implementation forward thinking pedagogical education at the Belarusian State Pedagogical University named after Maxim Tank are presented.
Do not go back to the 16th century
Authors: Malinetskii Georgii Gennadyevich
Published: May 2022

The future in the long term is determined by the development of science, the effectiveness of the education system, the technologies used and created. The massive use of computers and the widespread use of the Internet have led to a humanitarian and technological revolution, during which a new socio-technological reality is being created. The future is not unique, and we are now at a bifurcation point. It is in it that it is determined whether they will be embodied in the 21th century. imperatives of the New Age, or a rollback to the worldview, social and technological realities of the 16th century will begin. I consider a number of important signs in the world and Russia that significantly increase the likelihood of such a rollback, and present a number of directions and ideas that allow society to move forward into the future, and not back into the past.
Philosophical education and Olympiads for schoolchildren in real and virtual areas
Authors: Dudchik Andrei Yurievich , Retiunskikh Larisa Timofeevna
Published: May 2022

The main features of understanding “philosophy for children” as a form of modern philosophical practice in various national and cultural traditions are considered. The specificity of international Olympiads in philosophy in real and virtual areas is revealed. The project “Philosophy as a way of developing of moral consciousness and a culture of dialogue between schoolchildren in the educational systems of Russia and Belarus” is presented.
Анализ динамики эпидемического процесса COVID-19 в мире за неделю с 07.05.2022 г. по 13.05.2022 г.
Authors: Зимирова Анастасия , Поспелов Михаил , Иванова Александра , Дмитриева Людмила , Чумачкова Елена , Карнаухов Игорь , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: May 2022

В обзоре представлен анализ эпидемиологической ситуации в странах мира по COVID-19, за неделю с 07.05.2022 г. по 13.05.2022 г.
Assessing the safety and efficacy of a novel intra-nasal high flow cannula for brain cooling
Authors: Richmond Michael , Stonko David P , Edwards Joseph , Abdou Hossam , Lang Eric , Elansary Noha N , Myers Ryan , Morrison Jonathan J
Published: May 2022

Targeted temperature management plays an important role in the treatment of myriad critical illnesses. Invasive therapies such as ECMO and cooled intravenous fluid are available but are invasive and not without risk. Noninvasive therapies are also available such as ice packs and cooling blankets but like the invasive options these do not provide isolated brain cooling. This off-target cooling likely has hemodynamic, coagulopathic and other effects which may not be desired. Non-invasive, quick-onset and portable options for control of brain temperature remain lacking. Here, we are testing a non-invasive intra-nasal cooling system which provides cooled air to facilitate brain cooling. The goal of this study is to assess the efficacy and short- and medium-term safety of a novel, intranasal high flow cooled air device on a large animal model system.
Microscale fabrication of 3D multicomponent metals via hydrogel infusion
Authors: Saccone Max , Gallivan Rebecca A. , Narita Kai , Yee Daryl W. , Greer Julia R.
Published: May 2022

Additive manufacturing (AM) of metals can enable rapid development of advanced parts with complex geometries, opening potential applications in the aerospace, automotive, and biomedical fields. Most existing metal AM techniques rely on costly thermally initiated melting or sintering processes, limiting the fabrication of materials with high thermal conductivity. Alternative vat photopolymerization methods require incorporating target materials or precursors into the photoresin, leading to increased viscosity, light scattering, and the need for a different resin composition for each material fabricated. To circumvent these problems with traditional metal AM techniques, we report an AM process where we infuse aqueous metal precursors into gels formed via vat photopolymerization and subsequently calcine and reduce the gels to form metal structures. Our streamlined technique enables the use of a single photoresin composition and varied post-processing conditions to fabricate a wide variety of metals and alloys with microscale resolution and highly twinned microstructures. We demonstrate fabrication of microlattices with <50 µm beam diameters formed from copper, nickel, silver, and alloys thereof, as well as high entropy and refractory alloys. We found that during the calcination process, the rate of mass loss associated with the exothermic combustion of the gel scaffold must be controlled to form dense parts. Microcrystalline microstructures with crystallographic annealing twin densities on the order of 106 m-1 were achieved. Our simple and compositionally flexible hydrogel-based approach to metal AM provides a pathway to fabricate new classes of metals with non-equilibrium microstructures and enhanced properties. Furthermore, our method is compatible with commercially successful vat photopolymerization techniques, showing a clear path to widespread adoption of this technique.
Evaluation of a mobile mammography unit. Concepts and randomized cluster trial protocol of a population health intervention research to reduce breast cancer screening inequalities
Authors: Guillaume Elodie , Rollet Quentin , Launay Ludivine , Beuriot Séverine , Dejardin Olivier , Notari Annick , Crevel Elodie , Benhammouda Ahmed , Verzeau Laurent , Quertier Marie-Christine , Launoy Guy
Published: May 2022

Background
Breast cancer is the first women cancer in incidence and mortality in France. Organized breast cancer screening (OBCS) has been implemented nationwide since 2004, but the participation rate remains low (48%) and inequities in participation were reported. Strategies as mobile mammography units could be effective to increase participation in OBCS and reduce inequities, especially in underserved areas in regard to this screening. Our main objective is to evaluate this device and to identify how to incorporate a mobile unit in the OBCS with a view to tackle territorial inequities in OBCS participation.
Methods
A collaborative project will be conducted as a randomized controlled cluster trial in 2022–2024, in remote areas of 4 French departments. Small geographic areas have been constructed by clustering women eligible to OBCS, according to distance to the nearest radiology centre, until an expected size of eligible women was reached, determined according to logistic constraints and respect of the economic model. Intervention areas were then selected by randomization in parallel group. The main intervention is to propose an appointment at the mobile unit in complement to the current OBCS in these remote areas according to the proportionate universalism principle. Few weeks before this intervention, local actors will carry out actions to promote OBCS with mobile unit specific information tools, applying multilevel, intersectoral and community empowerment principle of action to tackle inequalities.
Discussion
This randomized controlled trial will provide a high level of evidence in assessing the mobile unit effects on participation and inequities. Contextual elements interacting with intervention will be a key challenge in this evaluation and the quantitative approach will be completed by qualitative approaches within the RCT to provide elements of knowledge on the causal mechanisms that may modulate the effectiveness of the intervention and to define key elements of its transferability at a national level with the definition of new screening policy for tackle inequities.
Trial registration
Registered on ClinicalTrials.gov, December 21, 2021 : NCT05164874, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05164874
Induction Motor Vector Control Drive with Enhancement Fractional-Order Sliding Mode Based on Rotor Flux Estimation
Authors: Dursun Mustafa
Published: May 2022

In many areas where variable frequency drive is needed, induction motors (IM) play an important role. It is therefore very important to properly control the speed using an induction motor. Three-phase asynchronous motors, especially squirrel-cage asynchronous motors, exhibit non-linear behavior in sudden changes and parameter changes in load and variable speed applications. Therefore, an advanced controller is needed to increase the asynchronous motor performance. This study, it is aimed to develop a Fractional Order Sliding Mode Control (FOSMC) rotor flux and speed controller-based system for a vector-controlled induction motor. The relevant models in this study are made using MATLAB/Simulink software tools. Thus, the performance analysis of the IM, sudden load change, variable reference speed conditions, and motor parameter changes are carried out with the developed controller, and the results were interpreted in detail. It has been seen that the intended method is quite durable under different operating conditions such as sudden load, reverse speed step response, reverse speed sine response, parameter change, compared to classical sliding mode (SM) and proportional-integral (PI) controller designs.
Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Sorghum Bagasse for Maximization of Bio-Crude using Homogeneous Catalyst (Na2CO3)
Authors: Kashimalla Monika , Polumati Anand
Published: May 2022

This work investigates the feasibility of hydrothermal liquefaction process for sysnthesis of biocrude to produce bio-oil from sorghum bagasse, in the presence of a homogenous catalyst and solvent. An extensive evaluation of potentially available sorghum bagasseis carried in the presence of a homogenous catalyst (sodium carbonate) and solvent to produce bio-oil. The optimal operating conditions in the ranges of temperature (220ºC-280ºC), reaction time (15-60min), biomass to water (1:10), biomass to catalyst (1:10%), biomass to glycerol (1:10) are choosen, for evaluating the process. The optimal conditions of temperature (260ºC) and residence time (60 minutes), biomass: water: glycerol ratio (1:5:5)have achieved a maximum yield of 52.16%. The bio crude oil when evaluated using various physio chemical chemical processes like elemental analysis indicted the presence of higher carbon, lower sulphur and nitrogen contents.The chemical composition of bio-oil when determined using CHNS, FTIR and GC-MS analysis and when qualitatively characterized and indicated the presence of phenols, ketones, carboxylic acids and esters.
Revalorization of green tea residues through the production of cellulases by solid-state fermentation using an Aspergillus niger strain.
Authors: Saldaña Salvador Alexis , Ponce Arturo Socrates Palacios , Esqu Juan Carlos Contreras , Herrera Raúl Rodríguez , Leza Héctor Arturo Ruiz , Valdés Juan Alberto Ascacio , Hernández José Luis Martínez , Sugathan Shiburaj , González Cristóbal Noé Aguilar
Published: May 2022

Green tea is one of the most popular beverages in the world, its industrial production generates huge amounts of waste, registering 4.8 million tons in 2019, which are a source of environmental pollution. In the present work, a revalorization of green tea residues (GTR) was explored through cellulase production by solid-state fermentation (SSF) using a strain of Aspergillus niger 28A. An exploratory analysis of the production of endocellulases (EC), β-glucosidases (BG), and total cellulase activity (FPUase) was carried out. The effect of moisture (70-60%), temperature (25-35 °C), and time of fermentation were evaluated. The BG were partially purified by dialysis and ultracentrifugation, and the optimal pH and temperature for its activity were determined. It was found that A. niger 28A strain exhibited high titers of EC (65.85 ± 2.18 IU / g), FPUase (5.44 ± 0.11 PFU / g), and BG activities (1016.52 ± 3.58 IU / g). The best production conditions were 34 °C and 96 h for EC and FPUase activities, and 32 °C, 65 % moisture, and 120 h for BG activity. The BG reached a specific activity of 496.90 ± 75.04 U / mg after the partial purification process. The optimal temperature and pH for BG activity from the partially purified extracts were pH 4 and 60 °C. GTR constitutes a suitable substrate for cellulases production using A. niger 28A strain, reaching high titers of BG, proposing a way for its revalorization through the generation of products with high added value.
Photonic machine learning with on-chip diffractive optics
Authors: Fu Tingzhao , Zang Yubin , Huang Yuyao , Du Zhenmin , Huang Honghao , Hu Chengyang , Chen Minghua , Yang Sigang , Chen Hongwei
Published: May 2022

Machine learning technologies have been extensively applied in high-performance information-processing fields. However, the computation rate of current hardware is severely circumscribed by the conventional Von Neumann architecture. Photonic approaches have demonstrated extraordinary potential for executing deep learning involving complex calculations. In this work, an on-chip diffractive optical neural network (DONN) based on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform is proposed to perform machine learning tasks with high integration and low power consumption. To validate the proposed DONN, we fabricated 1-hidden-layer and 3-hidden-layer on-chip DONNs with footprints of 0.15 mm2 and 0.3 mm2 and experimentally verified their performance in a classification task on the Iris plants dataset, yielding accuracies of 86.7% and 90%, respectively. The proposed fully passive on-chip DONN provides a potential solution for accelerating future artificial intelligence hardware with enhanced performance.
Drug-disease association prediction via geometric deep learning and negative sample selection
Authors: Zhao Bo-Wei , Hu Lun , Hu Peng-Wei , Su Xiao-Rui , Li Dong-Xu , He Yi-Zhou , Yang Yue
Published: May 2022

Background: Traditional drug development takes a good deal of time and effort, computational drug repositioning enables to discover the underlying mechanisms of drugs, thereby reducing the cost of drug discovery and development. However, present methods merely consider structure-based drug-related network for feature extraction of drugs and diseases in the biological network. Results: In this paper, we develop a novel model, namely DRGDL, based on geometric deep learning and negative sample selection to infer potential drug-disease associations (DDAs), which can more comprehensively make use of the biological features of drugs and diseases. Specifically, the lower-order and higher-order representations of drugs and diseases are captured by two different geometric deep learning strategies, and then negative samples are constructed by a negative selection strategy. A machine learning classifier is applied to complete the prediction task of DDAs by integrating two representations of drugs and diseases. Experiment results demonstrate that DRGDL achieves excellent performance under ten-fold cross-validation on the benchmark dataset.
Weight suppression at lowest weight as a mediator between childhood maltreatment and eating disorder severity: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: khalil Rami Bou , Kassab Anthony , Sleilaty Ghassan , Richa Sami , Seneque Maude , Lefebvre Patrick , Sultane Ariane , Avignon Antoine , Maimoun Laurent , Renard Eric , Courtet Philippe , Guillaume Sebastien
Published: May 2022

Purpose
The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between weight suppression at lowest weight (WS-LW) and eating disorder (ED) clinical severity, and to test WS-LW role as a mediator of childhood maltreatment (CM) impact on ED.
Methods
For this retrospective cohort study, adult participants were selected at the Daycare Unit for multidisciplinary assessment of ED in Montpellier, France, between March 2013 and January 2020. Mental health professionals assessed and recruited patients with ED (n = 321). For each patient, they collected sociodemographic characteristics, body weight and height, and the results of the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview, and the self-report Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire (EDE-Q) and Child Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). The collected data were assessed using descriptive bivariate, Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC), and mediation analyses.
Results
Participants were mainly women (94.39%; median age: 25.67 years); 216 (67.29%) had anorexia nervosa and 105 (32.71%) bulimia nervosa. A positive correlation was found between WS-LW and EDE-Q total score (Spearman’s rho = 0.262; p < 0.001). The ROC analysis (AUC = 0.586 at 95% confidence interval; p = 0.016) identified a WS-LW cutoff of 14.99 (sensitivity = 64.6%; specificity = 51.5%) to differentiate between clinically severe and non-severe ED. WS-LW mediated the relationship between CM severity and ED clinical severity (β = 0.024; 95%CI = 0.001–0.054).
Conclusion
Patients with ED and history of CM have higher WS-LW, an easy-to-determine parameter and a marker of more severe eating psychopathology in ED. WS-LW is also a clinical mediator of the relationship between CM and ED.