bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Hydrothermal Treatment and Milling Parameters on Milling and Nutritional Qualities of Finger Millet (Eleusine coracana)
Authors: Anurag Kushwaha  , Anupama Singh  , Ranjna Sirohi  , Ayon Tarafdar
Published: August 2023

The conditions for degree of pearling of finger millets were optimised based on its quality attributes. Empirical models were developed to predict quality parameters for different sets of milling conditions of dispersed density (430 kg.m-3, 495 kg.m-3, 560 kg.m-3), residence time (10 min, 12 min, 14 min) and roller speed (1000 rpm, 1200 rpm, 1400 rpm) for both untreated and hydrothermally treated finger millet. It was found that hydrothermal treatment could improve pearling efficiency and reduce anti-nutrients while retaining nutritional components to some extent. A model correlating the effect of degree of pearling with pearling efficiency, protein, tannin and calcium content of hydrothermally treated finger millets was also developed with a satisfactory level of accuracy (R2 = 0.997). This equation served to determine the required degree of pearling for any given set of milling conditions. At optimized quality parameters, the degree of pearling for finger millet was 7.4 per cent.
A Comparative Study on Water Productivity of Rice under Different Cultivation Practices
Authors: D. M. Das  , D. R. Mailapalli  , A. Dalai  , N. Kumar
Published: August 2023

Rice production in India needs to be increased to meet the future food demand of the ever- growing population and under the constraints of land, water, climate and other socio-environmental factors. Rice is the staple food in India, and needs maximum water among cereal crops. Improved rice cultivation practices (RCP) such as System of Rice Intensification (SRI), Alternate Wetting Drying (AWD), Bund Plugging (BP) and Raised Bed (RB) could potentially increase the water productivity over conventional (CON) rice cultivation practice. Field studies were conducted to estimate water productivity (WP) of these improved rice cultivation practices at Kharagpur during the kharif season of 2014 and 2015. Highest grain yield was recorded in SRI practice (5.57-5.60 t.ha-1) among all RCPs. Bund plugging practice showed the highest WP and statistically similar yield to SRI. Maximum irrigation water saving could be made with BP (44.8-60.1 %) among other RCPs, as compared to the conventional practice. It was concluded that BP is the best management practice with highest water productivity, irrigation water saving and commendable yield.
Design and Development of Tractor Operated Garlic Harvester with Oscillating Soil Separator
Authors: Narayan T. Borkar  , P. K. Sahoo  , Pabitra Mohan Barik
Published: August 2023

A six-row oscillating-type garlic harvester was designed and developed for timely harvest of garlic crop. The developed garlic harvester consisted of a digging unit and a soil separating unit. The digging unit consisted of a rectangular shaped digger blade with length, width and thickness of 900 mm, 200 mm and 10 mm, respectively. The soil separation unit had an oscillating rake of 1000 mm length and 900 mm width with 10 mm diameter rods spaced at 50 mm. PTO power was used to operate the soil separator at constant amplitude of 10 mm with 540±10 rpm of a camshaft. The machine performed satisfactorily during field evaluation in sandy loam soil. The highest harvesting percentage was 98.07 % with mean damage of garlic bulb of 4.23 %, maximum soil separation index of 0.20, average power requirement of 5.74 kW and field capacity of 0. 32 ha.h-1 with field efficiency of 80 per cent.
Assessment of Engineering Properties of Proso Millet (Panicum miliaceum)
Authors: K. P. Singh  , N. S. Chandel  , R. R. Potdar  , D. Jat  , K. N. Agrawal  , S. Hota
Published: August 2023

Engineering properties of grain and kernel are required to design crop production, material handling and processing equipment. A study was conducted to determine the properties of grain and kernel of Panicum miliaceum at different moisture contents in range of 6.5−26.5 % (d.b.). The length, width, thickness and geometric mean diameter of Panicum miliaceum were observed in the range of 2.22−2.36 mm, 2.08−2.24 mm, 1.93−2.21 mm, 2.07−2.27 mm for grain and 1.87−1.98 mm, 1.73−1.97 mm, 1.63−1.80 mm, 1.74−1.91 mm for kernel, respectively. Sphericity ranged between 0.93−0.97 for the grain, and 0.93−0.96 for the kernel. Surface area, volume and thousand-grain weight increased from 12.73 mm2 to 15.64 mm2 , 4.25 mm2 to 5.80 mm3 , 5.25 g to 6.70 g for grain; and 8.94 mm3 to 11.14 mm2 , 2.50 mm3 to 3.50 mm3 , 3.21 g to 4.15 g for kernel, respectively. True density of grain and kernel increased with increase in moisture content. Bulk density decreased from 765.5 kg.m-3 to 697.57 kg.m-3. Similarly, in case of kernel, bulk density decreased from 845.33 kg.m-3 to 724.97 kg.m-3. Terminal velocity of grain and kernel ranged from 1.68 m.s-1 to 2.77 m.s-1 and 0.80 m.s-1 to 1.89 m.s-1, respectively and increasing trend was observed with moisture content. The coefficient of internal friction of grain and kernel increased with increase in moisture content from 0.48 to 0.68 and 0.69 to 0.90, respectively. The geometric, gravimetric, aerodynamic and frictional properties of grain and kernel of Panicum miliaceum at different moisture contents were found to be different at 5 % significance level.
Conversational Implicature Used in Gone Girl Movie Script by Gillian Flynn
Authors: Sharma R.B. , Yanti Novi
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study is to describe the implied meaning of conversational implicatures found in the film Gone Girl. The method used in this research is content analysis with the object of study on conversational implicatures in film dialogue. The technique used is note-taking. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the most frequent maxim found by the writer is the maxim of quantity in which it means that the characters in the movie failed to observe it as the contribution of the information is insufficient and less-informative than it is required. After that, it is followed by the maxim of manner in which it means the characters of the movie failed to observe, consequently it creates the sense of ambiguity and proximity. Then, the maxim of relation in which it shows that the characters of the movie give irrelevant information. Lastly, there is maxim of quality in which that means the characters of the movie failed to notice due to false information.
The Etymology of Abbreviations in English and Tajik Diplomatic Terms
Authors: Iskandar Khodzhaev
Published: August 2023

The article is devoted to one of the important problems of the linguistics the problem of  term and terminology. During the research from the etymology of abbreviations point of view we discovered that the majority of etymology of abbreviations in English and Tajik diplomatic terms has their specific lexical features of lexical units of abbreviations and identification of the main ways and features of their translation.
The Effect of Principal Leadership Style and Teacher Work Culture Work on The Performance of Public High School Teachers
Authors: Dewi Nirmala , Ahyani Nur , Kesumawati Nila
Published: August 2023

This study aims to see and describe the influence of the principal's leadership style and teacher work culture on the performance of state high school teachers in Lubuk Raja District, OKU Regency. The method used is descriptive quantitative. Data in the form of a questionnaire is classified as quantitative data. The independent variable in this study is the Principal Leadership Style (X1) and Teacher Work Culture (X2), and the dependent variable in this study is Teacher Performance (Y). Data analysis techniques, namely 1) simple and multiple linear correlation test; 2) Significant test using t-test and f-test. The leadership style of the principal and work culture together have a positive effect on teacher performance. The coefficient of the second variable between the second independent variable and the variable in Ry.12 is 0.670. From this coefficient, it can be calculated that the coefficient of determination (R2) is 0.449, meaning that 44.90% of the teacher performance reports can be linked with the principal's leadership style and teacher work culture.
An Analysis of Code-Switching on The Utterances of Agnes Mo on Daniel Mananta Network's Youtube Channel
Authors: Ryeo Park Jin , Wicaksono Andri , Rahmawati Dwi , Yani Novi , Sari Lusi Purnama
Published: August 2023

This research aimed to analyze the phenomena of  Code-Switching which examines the types and reasons for using code-switching used Agnes Monica on Daniel Mananta Network's YouTube channel entitled "Agnes Mo Pernah Punya Toxic Relationship?" which was published on February 11th, 2021. The researchers use Stockwell's (2002) theory that explains about three types of Code Switching, there are tag switching, intersetential switching, and intrasetential switching. In this research, the researchers employ a qualitative descriptive method, which is a research method that aims to explain and interpret reality and the researchers used Observation Method as the way to collect the data. The results and discussion found that there are six code-switching data, two Tag Switching data, two Intersetential Switching data, and two Intrasentential Switching data. And according to Hoffman (1991:116) in Saleh (2017:15), the researchers matched the data we found, that the reasons for the code-switching in Agnes Mo's utterances include the first one is talking about a particular topic, the second, being empathic about something, and the last the intention of clarifying the speech content for the interlocutor.
Exploring Deixis in Maroon 5's Song "Daylight": Descriptive Qualitative Research
Authors: Nasution Sukma Septian
Published: August 2023

This study aims to analyze deixis, a pragmatic concept of linguistic reference, in Maroon 5's song "Daylight." The study utilizes descriptive qualitative methodology to analyze the deixis types in the song "Daylight," aiming to describe natural phenomena and interrelationships without theoretical constraints. The primary data source is the song's lyrics, categorized into personal, spatial, temporal, social, and discourse deixis, providing insights into the communicative and emotional impact of deixis in songwriting. The research findings reveal that the song "Daylight" by Maroon 5 effectively employs various types of deixis to establish a profound emotional connection with the audience. Personal deixis engenders intimacy, while spatial and place deixis create a vivid and relatable narrative. Temporal and time deixis evoke a sense of urgency and nostalgia, and social deixis fosters a shared emotional experience. Additionally, discourse deixis guides the audience through the unfolding events. Although the research is limited to a single song, further analysis of a diverse range of songs and audiences could provide deeper insights into deixis in music. Understanding the significance of deixis empowers songwriters to create emotionally impactful lyrics, enhancing storytelling across various artistic expressions.
Physically plausible and conservative solutions to Navier–Stokes equations using physics-informed CNNs
Authors: Li Jianfeng , Zhou Liangying , Sun Jingwei , Sun Guangzhong ,   School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
Published: August 2023

The physics-informed neural network (PINN) is an emerging approach for efficiently solving partial differential equations (PDEs) using neural networks. The physics-informed convolutional neural network (PICNN), a variant of PINN enhanced by convolutional neural networks (CNNs), has achieved better results on a series of PDEs since the parameter-sharing property of CNNs is effective in learning spatial dependencies. However, applying existing PICNN-based methods to solve Navier–Stokes equations can generate oscillating predictions, which are inconsistent with the laws of physics and the conservation properties. To address this issue, we propose a novel method that combines PICNN with the finite volume method to obtain physically plausible and conservative solutions to Navier–Stokes equations. We derive the second-order upwind difference scheme of Navier–Stokes equations using the finite volume method. Then we use the derived scheme to calculate the partial derivatives and construct the physics-informed loss function. The proposed method is assessed by experiments on steady-state Navier–Stokes equations under different scenarios, including convective heat transfer and lid-driven cavity flow. The experimental results demonstrate that our method can effectively improve the plausibility and accuracy of the predicted solutions from PICNN.
BEV-radar: bidirectional radar-camera fusion for 3D object detection
Authors: Zhao Yuan , Zhang Lu , Deng Jiajun , Zhang Yanyong ,   School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China,   Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei 230088, China,   Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Sydney, NSW 2006,  Australia
Published: August 2023

Exploring millimeter wave radar data as complementary to RGB images for ameliorating 3D object detection has become an emerging trend for autonomous driving systems. However, existing radar-camera fusion methods are highly dependent on the prior camera detection results, rendering the overall performance unsatisfactory. In this paper, we propose a bidirectional fusion scheme in the bird-eye view (BEV-radar), which is independent of prior camera detection results. Leveraging features from both modalities, our method designs a bidirectional attention-based fusion strategy. Specifically, following BEV-based 3D detection methods, our method engages a bidirectional transformer to embed information from both modalities and enforces the local spatial relationship according to subsequent convolution blocks. After embedding the features, the BEV features are decoded in the 3D object prediction head. We evaluate our method on the nuScenes dataset, achieving 48.2 mAP and 57.6 NDS. The result shows considerable improvements compared to the camera-only baseline, especially in terms of velocity prediction. The code is available at https://github.com/Etah0409/BEV-Radar.
Toward 3D scene reconstruction from locally scale-aligned monocular video depth
Authors: Xu Guangkai , Zhao Feng ,   National Engineering Laboratory for Brain-inspired Intelligence Technology and Application, School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
Published: August 2023

Monocular depth estimation methods have achieved excellent robustness on diverse scenes, usually by predicting affine-invariant depth, up to an unknown scale and shift, rather than metric depth in that it is much easier to collect large-scale affine-invariant depth training data. However, in some video-based scenarios such as video depth estimation and 3D scene reconstruction, the unknown scale and shift residing in per-frame prediction may cause the predicted depth to be inconsistent. To tackle this problem, we propose a locally weighted linear regression method to recover the scale and shift map with very sparse anchor points, which ensures the consistency along consecutive frames. Extensive experiments show that our method can drop the Rel error (relative error) of existing state-of-the-art approaches significantly over several zero-shot benchmarks. Besides, we merge 6.3 million RGBD images to train robust depth models. By locally recovering scale and shift, our produced ResNet50-backbone model even outperforms the state-of-the-art DPT ViT-Large model. Combined with geometry-based reconstruction methods, we formulate a new dense 3D scene reconstruction pipeline, which benefits from both the scale consistency of sparse points and the robustness of monocular methods. By performing simple per-frame prediction over a video, the accurate 3D scene geometry can be recovered.
Health Communication as a Viable Tool in the Control and Prevention of Meningitis in Nigeria: An Analytical Audience Perspective
Authors: P.G. Arikenbi , D.A. Ewomazino , K.F. Edike , O. Fidelis
Published: August 2023

Meningitis continues to be a significant public health challenge in Nigeria, leading to substantial morbidity and mortality rates. Effective control and prevention strategies are crucial in mitigating the impact of this infectious disease. It is in the light of this that this study therefore, from an analytical audience perspective, examines health communication as a viable tool in the control and prevention of meningitis in Nigeria. The objective of this study is basically to examine the impact of health communication interventions on the knowledge and preventive behavior related to meningitis among the target audience in Nigeria. This study is anchored on the attitude change theory; and data were collected through the use of questionnaires. Findings from this study show that health communication interventions have been impactful because it has influenced the knowledge and preventive behavior of the respondents as regards to the control and prevention of meningitis. The study also revealed that health communication strategies have been highly effective in the control and prevention of meningitis in Nigeria. This study recommends that in order to enhance the effectiveness of health communication as a viable tool in the control and prevention of meningitis in Nigeria, the multi-channel communication approaches should be strengthened.
Occupational mechanical exposures as risk factor for chronic low-back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jahn Alexander , Andersen Johan Hviid , Christiansen David Høyrup , Seidler Andreas , Dalbøge Annett
Published: August 2023

OBJECTIVES: The association between occupational mechanical exposures and low-back pain (LBP) has been studied in several systematic reviews. However, no systematic review addressing chronic LBP exists. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the association between occupational mechanical exposures and chronic LBP.

METHODS: The study was registered in PROSPERO. We used an existing systematic review to identify articles published before January 2014. For studies published between January 2014 and September 2022, a systematic literature search was conducted in six databases. Two authors independently excluded articles, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias and level of evidence (GRADE). Meta-analyses were conducted using random-effects models comparing highest versus lowest exposure group with sensitivity analyses based on study quality (low/moderate versus high risk of bias), study design (cohort versus case–control), and outcome definition (non-specific LBP versus specific chronic LBP).

RESULTS: Twenty-six articles were included. Highest pooled odd ratios (OR) were found for combined mechanical exposures [OR 2.2, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.4–3.6], lifting/carrying loads (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.4–2.2), and non-neutral postures (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.2–1.9). For the remaining mechanical exposures (ie, whole-body vibrations, standing/walking, and sitting), OR ranged between 1.0 and 1.4. In the sensitivity analyses, generally, higher pooled OR were found in low/moderate risk of bias studies, case–control studies, and studies of specific chronic LBP.

CONCLUSIONS: Moderate evidence of an association was found for lifting/carrying loads, non-neutral postures, and combined mechanical exposures. Low or very low evidence was found for whole-body vibrations, standing/walking, and sitting. Studies using standardized exposure definition, metric, and technical measurements are highly warranted.
The effectiveness of coconut coir liquid smoke as a natural insecticide on the mortality of Spodoptera exigua Hubner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Burhanuddin Haji Nasir  , Hasriyanti  , Nur Khasanah  , Mohammad Yunus  , Flora Pasaru  , Sri Anjar Lasmini  , Abd. Wahid  , Wahyu Sugiarto
Published: August 2023

This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tadulako, Palu, from Juli 2022 to November 2022. This study used a Complete Randomized Design (CRD) which consisted of 5 treatments that were repeated 4 times to obtain 20 experimental units. The treatments were K1 = (control), K2 = liquid coconut coir smoke concentration of 2.5 ml/L, K3 = liquid coconut coir smoke concentration of 5 ml/L, K4 = liquid coconut coir smoke concentration of 7.5 ml/L, and K5 = coconut coir liquid smoke concentration of 10 ml/L. Observations included mortality and speed of death of Spodoptera exigua. The results showed that the concentration of coconut coir liquid smoke treatment had a significant effect on the mortality and speed of death of S. exigua. The K5 treatment (10% concentration) gave higher mortality and death rates, namely 65% and 3.77 respectively.
法律史學在“逆風時代”的掙扎——從日本《法制史研究》第70號所載兩種專題專題報告集談起
Authors: 趙 晶
Published: August 2023

日本《法制史研究》雜誌第70號上刊登了兩種專題報告集，分別是“日本的法史研究史”和“日本法史∕法制史教科書的可能性”，從學科初創史和教科書的編寫原則出發，討論法制史學的定位問題。由此反觀中國法律史學，我們應從“學問史”的角度梳理近代以來的法律史學家群體，辨析不同學科出身者的研究路徑，積累基於法學方法的研究個案，彰顯法律史學的獨立性；通過醞釀跨學科的問題意識、保持不同學科在方法論上的緊張關係，謀求與歷史學等其他學科的對話；在現實立法層面，立足傳統，爲當下的法制變革提供正、反面論據，尤其是應致力於平抑冒進的立法建議或針砭現行法中存在的問題。
論“同案不同判”現象的法理邏輯及其因應
Authors: 張 娜瑞
Published: August 2023

“同案不同判”現象引發公衆不滿，追求“同案同判”似乎成了解决該問題的“靈丹妙藥”。然而“同案同判”要求的背後，隱含了這樣的預設：每一個案件都存在一個唯一正確的答案，法官應該而且能够找到這個唯一正確的答案。但實際上，無論是案件事實的認定還是法律的適用，都是法官解釋的結果，判决結果還受到很多其他因素的影響，並不存在一個唯一正確的答案。“同案不同判”具有合理性，與其他案件相比，任何一個案件都必定同時包含著“同判”與“不同判”，區別僅在程度上。事實上，公衆不滿的並不是“不同判”，而是判决無法令人信服，原因在於判决書沒有充分說理，法院真正要做的，是用充分的說理來贏得公衆對“不同判”的認同。
論定作人不履行協助義務時承攬人的損害賠償請求權——兼論《民法典》第778條的解釋
Authors: 張 博宬
Published: August 2023

《民法典》第778條規定，定作人不履行承攬人履行合同所必要的協助義務且經承攬人催告無果時，承攬人可解除合同。然而與承攬合同一章中的定作人任意解除並列比較，本條的問題在於未規定解除後對承攬人的賠償問題。通過對《民法典》第778條和第787條在實務中的關係進行統合分析，並參考德國、日本等域外民法學說和司法實務，基於我國的《民法典》框架，可對第778條和第584條進行解釋論作業，保障承攬人的合同利益。具體而言，定作人拒絕履行必要的協助義務，使得承攬人不得不解除合同時，對於承攬人已經完成的承攬工作，其享有的報酬請求權不受影響；對於尚未完成的工作，承攬人同樣有權依照合同約定向定作人請求，但應扣除承攬人因合同解除而獲得的利益。
Importancia biológica de la microcistina en aguas de riego y alternativas en su detección y degradación
Authors: Churata Chavez Luis Ángel , Alvarez Aliaga María Teresa
Published: August 2023

Introducción: Las cianobacterias son microrganismos fotosintéticos, con capacidad de sintetizar una gran diversidad de metabolitos secundarios de interés para la industria, pero también han llamado la atención en las últimas décadas las toxinas denominas cianotoxinas, metabolitos que causan distintas alternaciones fisiológicas hasta llegar ocasionar la muerte de diferentes especies. Metodología: La determinación del estado de arte para el tema de cianobacterias se basó en una búsqueda bibliográfica en la base de datos especializada como Elservier, Springer, Google académico y MDPI basadas en palabras clave en español e inglés "microcistinas", "degradación de MC" y “cuantificación y detección de MC”. Resultados: En la presente revisión considera dos áreas de caracterización de la microcistinas (MCs) las propiedades fisicoquímicas y propiedades biológicas, para entender su comportamiento e importancia tóxica en los sembradíos agrícolas y en la salud humana. Además de comprender alternativas para su degradación, por métodos fisicoquímicos como fotocatálisis y la gradación biológica por bacterias. Finalmente se mencionará algunos métodos actuales y en desarrollo, para la detección y cuantificación de estas MCs en ambientes acuáticos. Conclusiones: Las MCs tienen el potencial contaminar fuentes de agua como ríos y lagunas, causando daños a la salud humana y a las plantas agrícolas, tienen la capacidad de tolerar distintos cambios drásticos en factores fisicoquímicos y biológicos. Entre las alternativas reportadas la degradación bacteriana promete ser la más confiable. Finalmente, entre los distintos métodos para la detección de MCs, entre los métodos más aplicados son los inmunoensayos, debido a su versatilidad y estabilidad del método.
El Banco de Desarrollo Productivo: características y efectos de sus servicios en la inclusión, el acceso y la reducción de las desigualdades
Authors: Albarracin Jorge
Published: August 2023

El artículo es un recorrido de los logros y avances de un proceso emprendido por el Banco de Desarrollo Productivo (BDP), donde el objeto del análisis se centra en las acciones y esfuerzos desarrollados por el banco para que los micro y pequeños productores puedan acceder a los servicios financieros e incluir a aquellos productores que, por alguna razón, han estado excluidos de estos servicios. En el artículo se ponen, como ejemplos, los datos de dos productos ofertados por el Banco, uno el Fideicomiso para el Desarrollo Productivo (FDP) y el segundo los créditos que han recibido los clientes a través de la banca de primer piso del Banco.
La cara oculta de la descarbonización. Salares, litio y desigualdades en Argentina, Bolivia y Chile
Authors: Olivera Andrade Manuel , Lorca Mauricio
Published: August 2023

• La transición hacia el uso de energías renovables promete un horizonte verde y sostenible para el planeta. No obstante, esta revolución tecnológica no está exenta de riesgos sociales y ecológicos que son sinónimo de desigualdades. En este artículo proponemos un análisis de las asimetrías del proceso de descarbonización para el territorio de los salares altoandinos que comparten Argentina, Bolivia y Chile. Para lograrlo, abordamos las brechas de consumo e intensidad energética que se observan, durante los últimos 50 años, en una muestra de las principales economías que impulsan la transición energética. Luego, damos cuenta de que los territorios proveedores de minerales estratégicos, como el litio proveniente de salmueras, asumen costos sociales y ambientales que no son internalizados por las industrias que forman parte de la transición. Esto redunda en importantes injusticias que están definidas por la dinámica de los capitales, las desigualdades estructurales y la intensificación del fenómeno extractivo en territorios ecológicamente frágiles.
Probiotics-herbs of rhizome origin as feed additives and utilization in fish
Authors: Kiki Haetami  , Abun Abun  , Yuniar Mulyani  , Roffi Grandiosa Herman
Published: August 2023

Fish growth and survival depend on feed. The main factor in determining the quality of feed depends on its nutritional content. Physically and biologically extracted herbal ingredients are the characteristics of herbal probiotics. Herbal probiotics are made by adding microorganisms, enzymes, acidity regulators, minerals, vitamins, and other ingredients depending on the intended use and how to use them. This paper provides an explanation by way of a review method regarding herbal probiotics by adding microorganisms through a herbal fermentation process which and can then be used as a feed additive that has benefits for growth and increases the resistance or immunity of fish.
Family Gasteruptiidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera) as parasitoids of arthropods (Arthropoda: Insecta)
Authors: Carlos Henrique Marchiori
Published: August 2023

The Gasteruptiidae are also hyperparasitic species. The “Parasitica” lay their eggs in other juvenile insects (eggs, larvae, or pupae) and the larvae hatch and develop feeding on the host. Many of these parasitoid wasps are used as biological control of agricultural pests. Larvae are predators/parasitoids and/or kleptoparasites. Their hosts are bees and wasps of the Colletidae, Megachilidae, Sphecidae, Apidae, Anthophoridae, and Vespidae families. When females oviposit their eggs on or nearby host larvae with the help of an ovipositor not present in males, they hatch into Gasteruption, Latreille, 1796, larvae which proceed to consume the host's larvae. The aim of this article was to describe the bionomy and classification of the family Gasteruptiidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera). Indexed articles, scientific book chapters, theses databases, university dissertations, national and international scientific articles, scientific journals, documents, and academic and scientific journals are available online ResearchGate, HAL SSRN, Scielo, and Qeios were used. The present work uses the reference of bibliographical research, understood as the act of inquiring and seeking information on a certain subject, through a survey carried out in national and foreign databases, with the objective of detecting what exists of consensus or controversy.
Rezension von: Wagner, Christoph, Lichtwärts!
Authors: Fülle Reinhold , Wagner Christoph
Published: August 2023

Christoph Wagner: Lichtwärts! Lebensreform, Jugendbewegung und Wandervogel – die ersten Ökos im Südwesten (1880–1940) Verlag Regionalkultur Ubstadt-Weiher 2022. 280 Seiten mit 235 Abbildungen. Hardcover 34,80 €. ISBN 978-3-95505-359-8
Rezension von: Emele, Roswitha, Porträtmaler Franz Seraph Stirnbrand (um 1788–1882)
Authors: Fülle Reinhold , Emele Roswitha
Published: August 2023

Roswitha Emele: Porträtmaler Franz Seraph Stirnbrand (um 1788–1882). Leben und Werk Michael Imhof Verlag Petersberg 2022. 448 Seiten mit 34 SW- und 506 farbigen Abbildungen. Hardcover 89,– €. ISBN 978-3-7319-1145-6
Rezension von: Fries, Lorenz, Von den Anfängen bis Rugger 1125
Authors: Lubich Gerhard , Fries Lorenz
Published: August 2023

Lorenz Fries, Chronik der Bischöfe von Würzburg 742-1495. Bd. I: Von den Anfängen bis Rugger 1125, hrsg. v. U. Wagner u. W. Ziegler, bearb. v. Th. Heiler, A. Tittmann u. W. Ziegler (Fontes Herbipolenses. Editionen und Studien aus dem Stadtarchiv Würzburg, Bd. 1), Würzburg 1992. 315 S.
Rezension von: Hoffmann, Hermann (Bearb.), Die Urkunden des Reichsstiftes Ottobeuren
Authors: Maisch Andreas , Hoffmann Hermann
Published: August 2023

Hermann Hoffmann (Bearb.), Die Urkunden des Reichsstifts Ottobeuren 764-1460 (Schwäbische Forschungsgemeinschaft bei der Kommission für bayerische Landesgeschichte. Reihe 2a: Urkunden und Regesten, Bd. 13), Augsburg (Anton H. Konrad) 1991. 263 S.
Rezension von: Brunotte, Alexander; Weber, Raimund J. (Bearb.), Akten des Reichskammergerichts im Hauptstaatsarchiv Stuttgart
Authors: Stihler Daniel , Brunotte Alexander , Weber Raimund J.
Published: August 2023

Alexander Brunotte und Raimund J. Weber (Bearb.), Akten des Reichskammergerichts im Hauptstaatsarchiv Stuttgart A-D. Inventar des Bestands C 3 (Veröffentlichungen der staatlichen Archivverwaltung Baden-Württemberg, 8d.46), Stuttgart (Kohlhammer) 1993. 671 S.
Rezension von: Weinfurter, Stefan (Hrsg.), Die Reichskirche in der Salierzeit
Authors: Gresser Georg , Weinfurter Stefan
Published: August 2023

Stefan Weinfurter (Hrsg.), Die Salier und das Reich. Bd.2: Die Reichskirche in der Salierzeit, Sigmaringen (Thorbecke) 1991. 5695.
Rezension von: Schiek, Siegwalt, Das Gräberfeld der Merowingerzeit bei Oberflacht
Authors: Reinhold Gotthard G. G. , Schiek Siegwalt
Published: August 2023

Siegwalt Schiek, Das Gräberfeld der Merowingerzeit bei Oberflacht (Gemeinde Seitingen-Oberflacht, Lkr. Tuttlingen) (Forschungen und Berichte zur Vor- und Frühgeschichte in Baden-Württemberg, Bd.41/1), Stuttgart 1992. 166 S., 113 Tafeln.
Rezension von: Paulsen, Peter, Die Holzfunde aus dem Gräberfeld bei Oberflacht und ihre kulturhistorische Bedeutung
Authors: Reinhold Gotthard G. G. , Paulsen Peter
Published: August 2023

Peter Paulsen, Die Holzfunde aus dem Gräberfeld bei Oberflacht und ihre kulturhistorische Bedeutung (Forschungen und Berichte zur Vor- und Frühgeschichte in Baden-Württemberg, Bd.41/2), Stuttgart 1992. 1645., Abb.
Rezension von: Schmierer, Wolfgang u.a. (Hrsg.), Aus südwestdeutscher Geschichte
Authors: Lubich Gerhard , Schmierer Wolfgang
Published: August 2023

Wolfgang Schmierer, Günter Cordes, Rudolf Kieß, Gerhard Taddey (Hrsgg.), Aus südwestdeutscher Geschichte. Festschrift für Hans-Martin Maurer. Dem Archivar zum 65. Geburtstag. Im Auftrag des Württembergischen Geschichts- und Altertumsvereins und der Kommission für Geschichtliche Landeskunde in Baden-Württemberg, Stuttgart, Berlin, Köln (Kohlhammer) 1994. 812 S.
Rezension von: Bauschert, Otto (Hrsg.), Hohenlohe
Authors: Kohl Herbert , Bauschert Otto
Published: August 2023

Otto Bauschert (Hrsg.), Hohenlohe, Stuttgart (Kohlhammer) 1993. 301 S.
Rezension von: Mellinkoff, Ruth, Outcasts
Authors: Weber Raimund J. , Mellinkoff Ruth
Published: August 2023

Ruth Mellinkoff, Outcasts. Signs of Otherness in Northern European art of the Late Middle Ages, 2 Bände (California Studies in the History of Art, begr. von Walter Horn, hrsg. von James Marrow, Bd. 32), Berkeley, Los Angeles, Oxford (University of California Press) 1993. LVIIL 3605. (Textband), 11, ohne Seitenzählung (Bildband).
Rezension von: Dehio, Georg, Handbuch der deutschen Kunstdenkmäler - Bayern II-V
Authors: Stihler Daniel , Dehio Georg
Published: August 2023

Georg Dehio (Begr.), Handbuch der deutschen Kunstdenkmäler. Bayern II-V, München (Deutscher Kunstverlag) 1988-1991. 4Bde.
Rezension von: Reichardt, Lutz, Ortsnamenbuch des Rems-Murr-Kreises
Authors: Stihler Daniel , Reichardt Lutz
Published: August 2023

Lutz Reichardt, Ortsnamenbuch des Rems-Murr-Kreises (Veröffentlichungen der Kommission für geschichtliche Landeskunde in Baden-Württemberg, Reihe B: Forschungen, Bd. 128), Stuttgart (Kohlhammer) 1993. 466 S.
Rezension von: Ebert, Hans (Red.), Mit Talheim, Stöckenburg, Hörgershof, Hilpert, Rappolden, Eschenau, Merkelbach, Schneckenweiler
Authors: Maisch Andreas , Ebert Hans
Published: August 2023

Hans Ebert (Red.), Vellberg - wie es früher war. Erinnerungen in Bildern. Bd. 1: mit Talheim, Stöckenburg, Hörgershof, Hilpert, Rappolden, Eschenau, Merkelbach, Schneckenweiler, Vellberg 1993. 446 S. mit 1005 Abb.
PERILAKU PROSOSIAL MAHASISWA PERANTAU BATAK SIMALUNGUN DI TONDANO BERDASARKAN FALSAFAH “TOLU SAHUNDULAN”
Authors: Munthe Elsa T. H. Br. , Tiwa Tellma M. , Kaumbur Great E.
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat perilaku prososial mahasiswa perantau Batak Simalungun yang ada di Tondano berdasarkan falsafah yang telah diwariskan secara turun-temurun yaitu falsafah “Tolu Sahundulan”. Perilaku prososial merupakan tindakan yang dilakukan terhadap orang lain tanpa adanya imbalan atau keuntungan tersendiri bagi yang memberi bantuan. Dan falsafah Tolu Sahundulan itu sendiri merupakan falsafah yang telah diturunkan dan diwariskan oleh nenek moyang terdahulu dengan tujuan agar setiap masyarakat Batak Simalungun dimana pun berada selalu memiliki saudara dan saling membantu satu sama lain. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnologi. Subjek dalam penelitian ini berjumlah dua orang. Metode pengumpulan data yang dilakukan adalah wawancara observasi dan dokumentasi. Dengan teknik purposive sampling. Dan analisis yang dilakukan dengan proses reduksi data dan pengkodean. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua subjek melakukan prososial tidak hanya berdasarkan falsafah Tolu Sahundulan, tetapi karena adanya dorongan dari dalam diri kedua subjek untuk menolong dan membantu orang lain tanpa membeda-bedakan siapa yang mau ditolong dan  kedua subjek memberikan usaha yang lebih untuk membantu orang-orang yang memiliki kekerabatan berdasarkan falsafah Tolu Sahundulan. Karena menurut kedua subjek tidak ada alasan untuk tidak membantu dan menolong orang lain karena didalam hidup memiliki sistem tabur tuai. Dimana apa yang kita tabur adalah yang akan kita tuai.
KESEJAHTERAAN PSIKOLOGIS STUDI PADA PRIA DUDA DAN WANITA JANDA SETELAH KEMATIAN PASANGAN DI KOTA TOMOHON
Authors: Sitepu Dory A. br , Tiwa Tellma M. , Hartati Meike E.
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat suatu deskripsi mengenai kesejahteraan psikologis laki- laki serta perempuan yang berstatus duda serta janda setelah kematian pasangannya. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan pendekatan kualitatif studi kasus. Sebaliknya Metode analisis data yang digunakan merupakan analisis tematik. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa keadaan menjadi duda serta janda ialah sesuatu hal yang tidak gampang. Penerimaan diri pada kedua subjek ialah sesuatu proses yang memerlukan waktu. Kedua subjek merasa sedih selaku konsekuensi status duda serta janda mereka. Hubungan positif masih dipunyai oleh kedua subjek serta keberadaan keluarga dan sahabat jadi sesuatu hal penting untuk mereka. Kegiatan diluar rumah juga masih digeluti oleh kedua subjek. Tujuan hidup subjek terkait dengan religiusitas serta kepercayaan mereka terhadap Tuhan. Keadaan mereka juga mempengaruhi subjek dalam memandang dirinya sebagai individu yang terus tumbuh. Secara umum kesejahteraan psikologis yang dipunyai oleh para duda serta janda tersebut dipengaruhi oleh kematangan individu mereka, dukungan sosial yang mereka terima, serta pula religiusitas yang mereka miliki.
PENGARUH BODY SHAMING TERHADAP TINGKAT KEPERCAYAAN DIRI REMAJA PUTRI DI KELURAHAN PAPAKELAN KECAMATAN TONDANO TIMUR
Authors: Kawengian Yesica C. , Solang Deetje J. , Kapahang Gloridei L.
Published: August 2023

Banyak perubahan yang terjadi di usia remaja, salah satunya perubahan fisik. Tidak semua individu mengalami perubahan bentuk tubuh atau postur tubuh yang sempurna seperti yang diharapkan oleh banyak orang. Salah satu dampak dari hal tersebut ialah muncul tindakan mengkritik atau mengomentari penampilan fisik diri sendiri maupun orang lain yang merupakan body shaming. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh negatif body shaming terhadap tingkat kepercayaan diri remaja putri. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian korelasi, menggunakan kuesioner sebagai instrumen pengumpulan datanya. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 100 orang remaja putri di Kelurahan Papakelan, Kecamatan Tondano Timur. Teknik sampling yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu teknik probability sampling, Area (cluster) sampling. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat pengaruh negatif antara body shaming dengan kepercayaan diri.
RESILIENSI PADA NARAPIDANA
Authors: Masinambouw Nadia L. S. , Sugiarti L Rini , Suhariadi Fendy
Published: August 2023

Berbagai masalah dan kesulitan yang dihadapi oleh narapidana adalah tantangan yang harus di hadapi dalam menjalani hukuman. Upaya mengatasi perubahan dan tantangan yang dihadapi narapidana erat kaitannya dengan ketahanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan gambaran resiliensi narapidana. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah literature review dengan menggunakan berbagai informasi dari artikel, jurnal dan buku yang relevan dengan topik penelitian. Database yang digunakan adalah google scholar, research gate, dan garuda. Artikel yang dipilih sebagai sumber data adalah artikel yang memiliki kriteria sebagai berikut: artikel penelitian membahas tentang resiliensi pada narapidana; artikel full teks; artikel berisi laporan hasil penelitian; artikel ditulis dalam Bahasa Indonesia dari tahun 2018-2022. Instrument yang digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi tingkat resiliensi terdiri dari Connor and Davidson Resilence Scale (CD-RISC), Resilience Quotient yang disusun oleh Reivich dan Shatte dan kuesioner Adult Personalia Resilience (APR).
PENGARUH SELF EFFICACY TERHADAP PROKRASTINASI AKADEMIK PADA SISWA SEKOLAH MENENGAH KEJURUAN NEGERI 1 LIKUPANG BARAT
Authors: Hanjani Anjarrahma D. , Mandang Jofie H. , Kaunang Sinta E. J.
Published: August 2023

Academic  procrastination  is an interesting  object of study because  it influences  many other important  variables. Much literature evidence  states  that self-efficacy  is  a  significant  predictor  of academic  procrastination.  This study aims  to  determine  the  effect  of  self-efficacy  on  academic  procrastination   in students. This research is a causal correlation type with a quantitative approach. Data on self-efficacy  and academic  procrastination  scales were filled in by 51 subjects  out of a total  population  of 108  students obtained  randomly  through simple random sampling using the Taro Yamane formula. The descriptive analysis stated  that  students'   self-efficacy   was  in  the  high  category   and  academic procrastination  was in the low category. The results of the assumption test state that the research  data is  normal and linear in shape. The results of the simple regression analysis stated that there was a negative and significant effect of the

self-efficacy  variable  on  academic  procrastination   (p=0.000;  p<0.05  with  a contribution of 58.6%. This means that the higher the self-efficacy, the academic procrastination will decrease and vice versa. It is recommended that research The next section discusses active academic procrastination.
GUILTY FEELING SUAMI ISTRI YANG MENIKAH USIA REMAJA DI KABUPATEN MINAHASA UTARA
Authors: Oley Efelin Y. S. , Tiwa Tellma M. , Kaumbur Great E.
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Guilty feeling suami dan istri yang menikah usia remaja di Desa Tanggari Kecamatan Airmadidi Kabupaten Minahasa Utara. Guilty feeling adalah suatu perasaan bersalah yang datang akibat dari perbuatan dan tindakan yang telah dilakukan oleh seseorang seperti melakukan kejaharan, tindakan yang dirasa tidak pantas untuk dilakukan karena sebuah kegagalan.  Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif fenomenologi. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini adalah wawancara dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan rasa bersalah yang dialami baik berhubungan dengan diri sendiri, berhubungan dengan orang lain maupun berhubungan dengan lingkungan masyarakat. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi rasa bersalah yaitu secara Internal terhadap keluarga terdekat dan eksternal terhadap masyarakat. Hasil yang didapat pada individu adanya rasa bersalah terkait pernikahan usia remaja.
DAMPAK PERILAKU DAN EMOSI NEGATIF REMAJA PENGGUNA GAWAI DI KABUPATEN MINAHASA
Authors: Rantung Angelika , Naharia Melkian , Sengkey Marssel M.
Published: August 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis dampak perilaku dan emosi negatif pada remaja pengguna gawai di Desa Tolok Kecamatan Tompaso Kabupaten Minahasa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif dengan teknik wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Pemeriksaan data menggunakan triangulasi, yaitu triangulasi sumber, triangulasi teknik. Peneliti menemukan dampak yang ditimbulkan pada perilaku remaja seperti perilaku sosial, contohnya remaja menjadi kurang aktif bersosialisasi di dalam rumah maupun di lingkungan sekitar. Terhadap orang tua, remaja lebih suka menunda perintah orang tua atau membantah nasihat yang orang tua berikan. Dampak emosi negatif yang ditimbukan saat menggunakan gawai secara berlebihan seperti emosinya lebih cepat naik atau marah jika diganggu pada saat dia sedang bermain gawai, merasa gelisah saat berada dikerumunan dan lebih memilih menyendiri sambil bermain gawai. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan gawai yang berlebihan dapat menimbulkan prilaku dan emosi negatif pada remaja.
Learn to pay attention: distinct development of activity in dorsal and ventral medial prefrontal cortex
Authors: Pereira Mateus Borges Vinicius
Published: August 2023

The dorsal medial and ventral medial prefrontal cortices (dmPFC and vmPFC) are involved in executive function processes such as working memory, inhibitory control, and decision making. The functions of these two regions have been extensively studied with the 5-choice serial-reaction time task (5CSRTT) for many decades, however, all of the current literature has investigated what happens after the animal has already learned the 5CSRTT: there is no current knowledge on what happens in the brain of a rat during the learning stages of the 5CSRTT. Therefore, the aim of this study was to characterize the training-induced development of neuronal activity of dmPFC and vmPFC in the rat brain during the learning stages of the 5CSRTT using fiber photometry. We found that the dmPFC becomes more active in later stages of learning while the vmPFC becomes less ac-tive in later stages of the 5CSRTT. This difference reflects the different connections of these brain regions and it may be caused by the development of different cognitive processes: the dmPFC is involved in motor coordination and task accuracy, and it becomes more active as the task becomes more difficult; whilst the vmPFC is involved in integration of sensory input and impulsivity, and it becomes less active as the task becomes more habitual.
Examining the Combinability of Morphological Characteristics and Grain Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.) Lines
Authors: Aghdam Mehdi Zohdi , Jalili Farzad
Published: August 2023

Objective: The purpose of corn improvement is to develop inbred lines and new hybrids to improve the existing cultivars according to different traits. Success in the commercial production of hybrid corn depends on the extensive evaluation of inbred lines. Methods: This research was carried out in order to determine the superior line, tester and hybrid of grain corn using the line x tester analysis method in the agricultural year of 1401 on the farm of Khoy Agricultural Research Station. Results: Lines L6 and L7 were the first lines for the number of days to physiological maturity, and hybrids T1×L18, T2×L23, and T3×L3 had the most special adaptation. Conclusion: Based on this, Lines L6 and L7 were the earliest ones for the number of days until physiological maturation. Also, T1×L18, T2×L23, and T3×L3 crosses had the highest specific compatibility.
Revisión sistemática de la implementación BIM basada en modelos de diseño para la construcción de obras viales
Authors: Muñoz Pérez Sócrates Pedro , Llamo Cubas José Rony
Published: August 2023

La metodología BIM es un sistema de métodos innovadores para documentación y diseño de proyectos de infraestructura vial, puesto que los canales de comunicación son parte fundamental para el desarrollo de una región y los procesos que permiten su construcción necesitan ser mejorados. El presente documento tiene como objetivo evaluar de manera sistemática la implementación BIM basada en modelos de diseño para la construcción de obras viales. Se realizó un análisis cualitativo mediante el cual se revisaron 80 artículos indexados entre los años 2017 y 2021, distribuidos de la siguiente manera: 50 artículos son de Scopus, 15 de Ebsco y 15 de Science Direct, se concluye que el empleo de BIM en obras de infraestructura vial es un nuevo recurso que ofrece un sustento confiable para la toma de decisiones a lo largo de todo el ciclo de vida de un proyecto de construcción, optimizando el tiempo de diseño, construcción y gestión operativa
Responsabilidad Social Universitaria: El caso de la Universidad de la República. Un análisis de su comunicación por medio de redes sociales, con énfasis en Twitter
Authors: Asuaga Carolina , Budiño Gabriel , Vidal Aiblis
Published: August 2023

La Responsabilidad Social Universitaria (RSU) enfatiza en el papel de las universidades y su contribución a la comunidad. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar la comunicación de la RSU de la Universidad de la República (UdelaR), a través de las redes sociales, con énfasis en Twitter. Para ello se analizaron un total de 31.330 tweets y retweets recopilados hasta el 15 de julio de 2020. Se concluye la inclinación de la UdelaR a comunicar las acciones de RSU, empleando las redes sociales virtuales para interactuar con sus grupos de interés, observando una tendencia a comunicar, en mayor medida, las temáticas vinculadas con la actividad que desarrolla cada área y servicio de la UdelaR.