bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pernikahan Dengan Pekerja Seks Komersial di Lokalisasi Moroseneng Perspektif Hukum Islam
Authors: Izzuddin Muhammad Fikri
Published: February 2019

This is a field research that highlights the marriage with commercial sex workers in Moroseneng localization of Benowo, Surabaya and its legal status. The study concludes that there are three cases of marriage in the localization. The first, the wife is still active as a commercial sex worker for two months after her marriage took place. The second, the wife had repented before the marriage took place, and the third, the wife had stopped after her marriage. This marriage is held as in general, that are by fulfilling the marriage pillars, namely the prospective husband and wife, marriage guardian, two witnesses and ijab qabul, and reinforced by a certificate of marriage from the local village office (kelurahan). Muslim scholars differ on the law of marrying adulteress women, there is an absolute allowance and there are also some conditionals. The School of Imam Hanafi, Imam Shafi'I’ and Imam Maliki agree that the law of marriage is permissible because there is no prohibition to marry an adulterous woman. While Imam Hanbali requires adulterous women to marry should repent first. Thus, marriage with commercial sex workers in Moroseneng localization of Benowo Sub-District of Surabaya City is valid, let alone the pillars have been fulfilled. In addition, the underlyed reason for the marriage is the desire to help commercial sex workers from her prostitution environment and foster good housekeeping.
[Tulisan ini merupakan hasil penelitian lapangan yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pernikahan dengan pekerja seks komersial di lokalisasi Moroseneng Kecamatan Benowo Kota Surabaya beserta hukumnya. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan, bahwa terdapat tiga kasus pernikahan di lokalisasi tersebut. Kasus pertama, istri masih aktif sebagai pekerja seks komersial selama dua bulan setelah pernikahanya berlangsung. Kasus kedua, istri telah bertaubat sebelum pernikahanya berlangsung dan kasus ketiga istri telah berhenti setelah pernikahanya. Pernikahan ini dilangsungkan seperti pada umumnya, yakni dengan memenuhi rukun pernikahan, yaitu adanya calon suami istri, wali nikah, dua orang saksi dan ijab kabul, dan diperkuat dengan surat keterangan menikah dari kelurahan setempat. Adapun ulama berbeda pendapat mengenai hukum menikahi wanita pezina, ada yang membolehkan secara mutlak dan ada yang bersyarat. Mazhab Imam Hanafi, Imam Syafi’i dan Imam Maliki sepakat bahwa hukum menikahinya diperbolehkan karena tidak adanya larangan menikahi wanita pezina, sedangkan Imam Hanbali mensyaratkan wanita pezina yang akan menikah harus bertaubat terlebih dahulu. Dengan demikian, pernikahan dengan pekerja seks komersial di lokalisasi Moroseneng Kecamatan Benowo Kota Surabaya adalah sah, apalagi rukunnya telah terpenuhi. Selain itu juga, alasan yang mendasari pernikahan tersebut adalah adanya keinginan untuk menolong wanita pekerja seks komersial dari lingkungan prostitusi dan membina rumah tangga yang baik.]
Studi Komparasi Efektifitas Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Tentang Prosedur Mediasi dan Peraturan Mahkamah Agung No. 1 Tahun 2016 Tentang Prosedur Mediasi Terhadap Peran Mediator di Pengadilan Agama Sidoarjo
Authors: Syaifudin Achmad
Published: February 2019

This paper intends to compare the effectiveness of Supreme Court Regulation no. 1 of 2008 and Supreme Court Regulation no. 1 of 2016 about mediation procedures to mediators’ role in Religious Court of Sidoarjo. By the documentation and interview techniques, this paper found that mediators in the Religious Courts of Sidoarjo became a facilitator in solving problems or disputes to reach favorable agreement for the parties. There is a difference between Perma No. 1 of 2008 with Perma No. 1 of 2016, namely the shorter duration of mediation, the obligation for the parties to attend directly the mediation meeting, and the existence of rules of good faith in the mediation process and its legal consequences. These differences are quite helpful in facilitating the mediation process, but there is no significant change in success rate prevention of divorce due to lack of good faith from the litigants. The Sidoarjo Religious Court should socialize Perma No. 1 of 2016 on mediation procedures to mediators and the parties of the dispute. Mediators in the Religious Courts of Sidoarjo should understand and apply correctly the existing rules in Perma No. 1 of 2016 on Mediation Procedures.
[Tulisan ini bermaksud membandingkan Efektifitas Peraturan Mahkamah Agung No. 1 Tahun 2008 dan Peraturan Mahkamah Agung No. 1 Tahun 2016 Tentang Prosedur Mediasi terhadap peran mediator di Pengadilan Agama Sidoarjo. Dengan menggunakan teknik dokumentasi dan wawancara, tulisan ini menemukan, bahwa mediator di Pengadilan Agama Sidoarjo menjadi fasilitator dalam menyelesaikan masalah atau sengketa untuk mencapai kesepakatan yang menguntungkan pihak-pihak yang bersengketa. Terdapat perbedaan antara Perma No. 1 tahun 2008 dengan Perma No. 1 tahun 2016, yaitu mengenai batas waktu mediasi yang lebih singkat, adanya kewajiban bagi para pihak untuk menghadiri secara langsung pertemuan mediasi, dan adanya aturan tentang iktikad baik dalam proses mediasi serta akibat hukumnya. Perbedaan tersebut cukup membantu melancarkan proses mediasi, tetapi tidak ada perubahan tingkat keberhasilan yang siginifikan terhadap pencegahan terjadinya perceraian karena tidak adanya iktikad baik dari para pihak yang berperkara. Seyogyanya Pengadilan Agama Sidoarjo mensosialisasikan Perma No. 1 tahun 2016 tentang prosedur mediasi kepada mediator dan para pihak yang bersengketa. Mediator di Pengadilan Agama Sidoarjo hendaknya memahami dan menerapkan secara benar aturan yang ada di Perma No. 1 tahun 2016 tentang Prosedur Mediasi.]
Kebijakan Polsek Tandes Surabaya Bagi Keharmonisan Rumah Tangga Tahanan Perspektif Maslahah Mursalah
Authors: Putra Mirza Aziz Didik
Published: February 2019

This is a field research that aims to find out the policies of the district police of Tandes, Surabaya for the harmony of household prisoners and the analysis of maslahah mursalah on those policies. The result of the research concludes that the policies of the district police of Tandes, Surabaya allow prisoners to meet their families on terms that have been agreed by prisoners and police officers of Tandes, Surabaya. It is an effort to develop cases that are being experienced by prisoners as well as stabilizing emotional condition of the prisoners who have already married. Such policies are in line with maqasid al-shariah and maslahah mursalah concept. All that can be seen from the fulfillment of the five basic guarantees of life (salvation of religion, soul, mind, descendant, and possession) and fulfilled the conditions that exist in maslahah mursalah. It’s just that the government’s attention to the rights and obligations of prisoners who have already married is felt to be lack. Therefore, the government should pay more attention to the rights of the people in making policy. For the people, they should pay attention to the fate of their families who become prisoners, not to be ostracized because it is not impossible they want to be better than ever.
[Tulisan ini merupakan hasil dari penelitian lapangan yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana kebijakan Polsek Tandes Surabaya bagi keharmonisan rumah tangga tahanan? dan bagaimana analisis maslahah mursalah atas kebijakan Polsek Tandes Surabaya tersebut? Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa Kebijakan Polsek Tandes Surabaya membolehkan tahanan bertemu dengan keluarganya dengan syarat yang telah disepakati oleh tahanan dan petugas Polsek Tandes Surabaya merupakan upaya pengembangan kasus yang sedang dialami tahanan serta menstabilkan emosional tahanan yang sudah berkeluarga. Adapun bentuk kebijakan Polsek Tandes Surabaya tersebut telah sejalan dengan maqashidus syari’ah dan konsep maslahah mursalah. Semua itu dapat dilihat dari terpenuhinya lima jaminan dasar kehidupan (keselamatan agama, jiwa, akal, keturunan dan harta) serta terpenuhi syarat-syarat yang ada dalam maslahah mursalah. Hanya saja perhatian pemerintah akan hak dan kewajiban tahanan yang sudah berkeluarga dirasakan masih kurang, sebab di satu sisi tahanan yang berkeluarga mempunyai kewajiban yang tidak bisa dikesampingkan. Oleh karena itu, pemerintah sepatutnya lebih memperhatikan hak masyarakat dalam membuat sebuah kebijakan dan bagi masyarakat, hendaknya memperhatikan nasib keluarganya yang menjadi tahanan, jangan sampai dikucilkan karena bukan tidak mungkin mereka ingin menjadi lebih baik dari sebelumnya.]
DITERIMANYA IZIN POLIGAMI KARENA INGIN MENDIDIK DAN MENOLONG CALON DALAM PENETAPAN NO. 1913/PDT.G/2015/PA.SDA
Authors: Saliim Muhammad
Published: February 2019

artikel ini adalah kajian normatif terhadap penetapan Pengadilan Agama Sidoarjo dalam perkara No.1913/Pdt.G/2015/PA.Sda. tentang diterimanya permohonan izin poligami karena ingin mendidik dan menolong calon istri. Kajian ini menarik mengingat bahwa alasan tersebut sama sekali tidak tercantum dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 Tentang perkawinan. Hakim memiliki tiga pertimbangan, Pertama, kondisi calon istri kedua pemohon secara mental trauma karena pernah mengalami KDRT pada perkawinan sebelumnya. Kedua, dalam al-Quran hanya disyaratkan adil. Ketiga, sudah adanya persetujuan dari istri pertama, terpenuhi secara materi maupun non materi oleh pemohon dan sanggup adil dengan membuat surat pernyataan. Walaupun hakim mengabaikan undang-undang dalam hal ini, akan tetapi, nilai kemaslahatan akan lebih banyak jika menerima permohonan izin poligami tersebut. Hakim boleh memberikan putusan yang berbeda, akan tetapi jika itu terus dilakukan maka pembatasan peraturan poligami secara ketat akan terjadi lemah. Apa yang dilakukan hakim sudah sesuai pasal 4 ayat 2 Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 dan Undang-Undang Nomor 48 Tahun 2009 Tentang Kekuasaan Kehakiman Pasal 1 Ayat 1.
ظاهرة ظاهرة العضل في النكاح
Authors: Budiono Budiono
Published: February 2019

الزواج يعد من أهم الموضوعات التي يحتاج إلى الاهتمام بها اهتماما للغاية لتعلقه بالأغراض التي يعد حفظها أحد المقاصد الكلية للشريعة الإسلامية , ولأجل ذلك جعل المشرع للولي أمر مباشرة عقد النكاح. ويكون دور الولي في هذا الأمر يتجسد في المحافظة على المرأة حتى يتحقق فيه من مصلحة لها , و كذلك ينأى بالمرأة عن مباشرة عقد الزواج وفي ذلك دفع للحرج عنها . نرى في هذه الأيام الأخيرة بعض الولاة يتعسفون في استخدام حقهم من خلال اجبار المرأة على النكاح دون النظر إلى تحقيق المصلحة المرجوة من قبل المرأة , أو من خلال منع المرأة من حقها في النكاح ظلما وعدوانا . انطلاقا من هذا , كان المشرع بالنسبة إلى الولي الظالم يجعل للمرأة سبلا عديدة تمكنها التخلص من هذا الظلم . ويعرف العضل بأنه منع ولي المرأة لها من التزويج بكفئها إذا طلبت ذلك، ورغبَ كل واحد من الزوجين في صاحبه. ويتبين لنا أن العضل وأد للآمال والطموحات وقتل الحقوق والتطلعات, فهو حرمان لحق من حقوق الشريعة التي كفلها الحق للمرأة , ألا وهو الحق في الزواج ولما كان للعضل كل تلك الآثار السيئة على المرأة والمجتمع كان لزاما على الدعاة  والمؤسسات التعليمية والحقوقية والإعلامية والقضائية اتخاذ إجراءات للحد من انتشار تلك الظاهرة السيئة التي قد ظهرت من عصر النبي ص بل سبقه.
ANALISIS MASLAHAH TERHADAP PERMA NOMOR 3 TAHUN 2017 TENTANG PEDOMAN MENGADILI PERKARA PEREMPUAN BERHADAPAN DENGAN HUKUM
Authors: Mursidah Silmi
Published: February 2019

This Supreme Court regulation was formed because there is still widespread discrimination and gender stereotypes in the courts in Indonesia. This regulation is a maslahah hajiyah because this benefit is needed by humans, especially women who are faced the law for the convenience of their lives. If this regulation is not implemented, it will cause difficulties and negative impacts on women, both psychologically and physically. However, these difficulties do not damage the order of human life. The issuance of the Supreme Court regulation, it is expected that gender stereotypes will no longer occur in examinations in courts that can have a negative impact on women dealing with the law, both psychologically and physically, and the issuance of decisions that are gender biased. Supreme Court Rule Number 3 of 2017 concerning Guidelines for Judging the Case of Women Facing the Law, hoped that it can become a standard for judges and all judicial apparatus, in the process of examination in the courts in handling cases involving women, both as perpetrators, victims, witnesses and parties, so that the goal of eliminating all potential discrimination against women facing the law can be achieved.
PEMAHAMAN MAHASISWA FAKULTAS SYARI'AH DAN HUKUM UIN SUNAN AMPEL TENTANG FIQH PEREMPUAN
Authors: Nadhifah Nurul Asiya , Qulub Siti Tatmainul
Published: February 2019

Understanding of women's fiqh associated with female bleeding (dima' al-mar'ah) is very important to be owned by men especially by women. Syari'ah and Law Faculty’s students are required to understand Shari'ah and law knowledge, one of which is about women's bleeding. However, in the curriculum of study programs in the Faculty of Shari'ah and Law of UINSA no one specifically discussed the matter. Understanding of students related to menstrual blood, childbirth and istihadhah majority is still at the moderate level. They can only define and know the difference in time when the blood comes out. As for the wisdom and legal implications for women who experience bleeding in the implementation of worship, they still do not know and define it. The implications of legal law that they know are only limited to prayer, fasting and carrying, holding and reading the Qur'an. The rest they are still confused or do not know. Of the several factors that influence a person's understanding, there are five main factors that greatly influence students' understanding regarding menstrual blood, childbirth and istihadhah, namely factors of experience, intelligence, gender, education and school environment. Other factors that are age, occupation, socio-culture and economy, and the amount of media information does not affect the students' understanding regarding menstrual blood, childbirth and istihadhah.
KAFA’AH DI DUNIA PESANTREN
Authors: Assulthoni Fahmi
Published: February 2019

Salah satu faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi keharmonisan keluarga adalah kondisi keseimbangan antara calon suami dan calon istri. Fenomena di pesantren Pamekasan menunjukkan hal baru dalam penerapan sistem perkawinan sekufu. Banyak diantara para kyai menjodohkan dan menikahkan putra-putrinya dengan orang-orang terdekat ataupun dari anak keturunan kyai pula.

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data observasi, interview, dan studi dokumentasi untuk memperoleh data. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini yaitu: dalam proses pemilihan jodoh terhadap putra-putrinya, para kyai sebagai orang tua lebih memilih dan menitik beratkan pada faktor nasab/keturunan kyai. Tujuannya adalah agar perjuangan pesantren terus berjalan, terciptanya hubungan kekeluargaan dengan kyai lainnya, seseorang yang bernasab kyai sedikit banyak akan sama dengan anak turunannya, dan sebagainya.

Menurut perspektif maslahah, perkawinan semacam ini dapat dibenarkan. Pertama, karena ada dasar al-Qur’an dan hadis yang berafiliasi dengannya. Kedua, tujuan perkawinan dengan pertimbangan kesepadanan akan menimbulkan banyak kemaslahatan. Ketiga, konsep mas}lah}ah sendiri menghendaki agar manusia mendapat kemudahan dalam suatu hal, dan menghindari kesulitan-kesulitan yang menghalanginya kelak.
PROSES PERJODOHAN DAN KRITERIA KAFA’AH DALAM PERKAWINAN ANGGOTA LDII DESA MEDAENG KECAMATAN WARU KABUPATEN SIDOARJO
Authors: Zuhri Sarifudin
Published: February 2019

This paper is a bibliographical research on the process of marriage and kafa'ah criteria in LDII’s members in Medaeng, Waru, Sidoarjo under the perspective of Islamic law. This study aims to answer the questions of how the matchmaking process in the marriage system of LDII’s members in Medaeng, Waru, Sidoarjo and how the application of the concept of kafa'ah in LDII’s members in Medaeng, Waru, Sidoarjo and how the maslahah analysis of the process of matchmaking and the concept of kafa'ah in LDII’s members in Medaeng, Waru, Sidoarjo. This data of the research is obtained from the board of LDII of Medaeng, Waru, Sidoarjo which become the object of research. Technique of collecting data of this research are descriptive verikatif technique and deductive mindset. From the result of the research, it is concluded that kafa'ah match and criteria in LDII’s members are more inclined to fellow members or groups. According to Islamic law, it does’t matter to marry such a model as long as it aims to benefit and rejects the danger, because the main purpose of the Islamic law is promoting benefit for the people. In addition, during the process of matchmaking, it doesn’t against the syari’ah, then it can be done. Nevertheless, it is expected that LDII’s members in Medaeng, Waru, Sidoarjo are more open in understanding kafa'ah, because what is meant by kafa'ah in Islam is not limited to certain group of the people.
Rekontekstualisasi Konsep Ketuhanan Abd Samad al-Palimbani
Authors: Rijal Syamsul , Umiarso Umiarso
Published: February 2019

The discourse about God has not been limitedly discussed merely within philosophical and theological dimensions but it has been also discussed within tasawuf approach. A number of Muslim thinkers have so far discussed their understanding of God from this point of view. Abd Samad al-Palimbani was one of the prominent Muslim scholars who tried to discuss the issue of divinity from tasawuf perspective. Al-Palimbani, himself, was a Muslim thinker of 18th century who possessed a specific thought about divinity within such dimension. The approach he employed has become a particularly exceptional matter in the study of divinity in the field. The very basic concept of his thought about God can be observed, among other, within his a monumentally master-piece, entitled Sayr al-Sālikīn. This article seeks to reveal the discourse of divinity discussed in Al-Palimbani’s book. It has been argued that through the concept of martabat tujuh (seven grades), promulgated by Al-Palimbani in his Sayr al-Sālikīn, a sālik (a seeker of God) will be able to understand and recognize God who possesses Wājib al-Wujūd as one His attributes. Al-Palimbani’s concept of martabat tujuh undoubtedly puts him as a central figure within the discussion of God and divinity from tasawuf dimension.
Kontestasi antara Muslim Fundamentalis dan Muslim Liberal dalam Perebutan Makna Sosial Keagamaan di Indonesia
Authors: Wakhid Udin Nur Hidayat
Published: February 2019

Islam is a religion that highly respects and appreci-ates the values of humanity and puts strong emphasis on the creation of peace and harmony among humankind. It rejects and even condemns violent actions in any form with any means. However, the facts show us that ideological and political contestation, among the existed groups in Islam, often lead to open conflict, as can be observed in several cases. The article attempts to portray the contestation of Islamic Fundamentalist group and Islamic Liberal group in Indonesia. Although there have been many studies conducted and published on this issue, I see yet the importance of discussion about the issue. The significance could be observed in the fact that it is one of socio-religious problems faced by the Muslim community around the world, including Indonesia. Employing descriptive-qualitative approach the study stresses that different perspectives used and dissimilarly opposite interpretation produced by each group in understanding and interpreting the religious texts have resulted in massively deep but even hot contestation between the two groups. While the Islamic Fundamentalist group tends to see the holy texts in their narrow and rigid understanding, the Islamic Liberal one understands the texts loosely and, to a lesser extent, unrestrained.
Pemimpin Perempuan dan Non-Muslim Perspektif Ulama Tiga Serangkai
Authors: Jamil M. , Ja'far Ja'far
Published: February 2019

The issue of woman’s and non-Muslim’s leadership seems to be unrest debate in the Islamic world. In Indonesia, the Islamic liberal groups or the modernists will usually accept woman or non-Muslim for being leader of the Muslims community, while the Muslim traditionalists and radical groups will usually show their firm rejection. This study seeks to elaborate the thought of the three Muslim scholars in the Eastern Sumatera, i.e. Abdul Halim Hasan, Zainal Arifin Abbas, and Abdur Rahim Haitami about the leadership of woman and non-Muslim. The article will put the position of thought of these scholars among the discourse of the issue. Employing content analytical method, the study finds that the three scholars reject woman and non-Muslim for being leader, especially state leader, of the Muslims community. They argue that leadership is a privilege honored to man, not to woman. They also assert that principle foundation of the sharī’a forbids the Muslims from designating non-Muslim as their leader, except within emergency condition. Although these three Muslim scholars have been mostly influenced by modern thought, they seem to hardly accept woman’s and non-Muslim’s leadership. The ideas they propose will, therefore, contradict to the ideas hold by the liberal Muslim groups or other proponents of democracy.
Dualisme Identitas Peranakan Arab di Kampung Arab Gresik
Authors: Mahzumi Fikri
Published: February 2019

The article attempts to ethnographically describe struggle of identity among the Arabian offspring in Indonesia in the post Reformation Era. As the descendants of the Hadrami migrants who have born in Indonesia, the Arabian offspring deal with two interrelated identities; between their responsibility to preserve the traditions of their ancestors and becoming a wholly recognized citizen of Indonesia. The debate about nationalism among the Arabian-Hadrami people appeared prior to Indonesia’s independence revolution. Anti-colonialism movements in this period had raised solidarity and solidity among the Indonesian people. This situation indubitably urged the Arabian-Hadrami people to reformulate their concept of nationalism. As a part of their nationality commitments, the Arabian Hadrami people have subsequently founded two organizations, i.e. Jamiat Khair (est. 1901) and Jamiyat al-Islah wal-Irsyad al-Arabiyah (est. 1915). In 1934, Abdurrahman Baswedan also founded Persatuan Arab Indonesia, which played pivotal role in cultivating Indonesian nationalism among the Arabian-Hadrami people. In the post Reformation Era, however, the issue of nationalism of the Arabian offspring has never been re-discussed. Employing ethnographical approach this study observes the ways the Arabian offspring, in Kampung Arab (the Arabic Town) in Gresik, compromise and negotiate with two challenges they face at once; as the heirs of Hadrami traditions and as a part of Indonesian citizens.
Hubungan Muslim dan non-Muslim dalam Kerangka Inklusivisme
Authors: Podungge Rulyjanto
Published: February 2019

When a society grows and the needs of its members increase, the relation between them and other people—who possess various primordial identities—will be impossibly avoided. This social relation will potentially bring about friction among different groups existed in the society. Islam has established a number of rules concerning the relationship of Muslims and other religious adherents. Although the regulations have been firmly settled, the controversy among the Muslims themselves—in dealing with their relation with the non-Muslims—is often inevitable. The issue of relation with other people of different religions has become contentiously debatable topic among the Muslim academics. The debate has subsequently brought about the emergence of different ideological inclinations within the Muslim society. This ideological preference emerges through such number of “appearances” as moderates, radicals, liberals, traditionalists, and modernists. Each group possesses its own perception along with its arguments about the issue. This article seeks to explain the pattern of Muslims and non-Muslims relation in the light of more moderate and contextual approach. This is so why that Muslims should constantly prioritize inclusive behavior and reciprocally sincere interreligious dialogue with their non-Muslim fellows.
The Parkinson's disease and restless legs syndrome/Willis-Ekbom disorder link: evidences, biases and clinical relevance
Authors: Munhoz Renato Puppi , Constantino Maria C. L. , Silveira-Moriyama Laura
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT Parkinson's disease (PD) and restless legs syndrome/Willis-Ekbom disorder (RLS/WED) are relatively common diseases in the realm of movement disorders. The fact that both may, as expected, co-occur and typically share a similar remarkable response to dopaminergic treatment raised the interest in exploration of additional shared features that throughout the years cruised fields as diverse as phenomenology, epidemiology, genetics, pathology, and clinical studies. In this review, we describe and critically examine the evidence and biases of a conceivable overlap of these two disorders, trying to shed light onto two main sources of confusion: (1) are PD and RLS/WED reciprocal risk factors? and (2) what are the main mimics of RLS/WED in PD?
Lampião, Lages, Lombroso: the autopsy of the bandit king of the Brazilian backlands
Authors: André Charles , André Laura Minc Baumfeld
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT Lampião, the most infamous Brazilian brigand leader, was killed and decapitated during an ambush in 1938. The Alagoas police coroner, Dr. José Lages Filho, performed an autopsy of his head. Strongly biased toward the anthropologic ideas of the famous Italian psychiatrist and criminalist Cesare Lombroso, the examination found only a few of the so-called criminal inborn traits. The Lombrosian doctrine and a number of related theories strongly influenced medical and political reasoning in the first half of the 20th century. Modern genetic and neuroscientific studies are still looking for the potential biological roots of misbehavior and criminality.
Protective effect of extract of the Camellia japonica L. on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats
Authors: Lu Weizhuo , Xv Ling , Wen Jiyue
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: We investigated the protective effect of the extract of the Camellia japonica L. flower on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Methods: The rat ischemia-reperfusion injury was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion for 90 minutes and reperfusion for 48 hours. The animals received an intravenous injection once a day of 20, 40, 80 mg/kg extract of C. japonica for three consecutive days before the ischemia reperfusion. The learning and memory function, the infarct volume, serum malondialdehyde (MDA) level and lactate dehydrogenase activity, and extravasation of immunoglobulin G (IgG) into cerebral parenchyma were assessed as the cell damage index. Results: Pretreatment with extract of C. japonica markedly reduced the infarct volume, serum malondialdehyde level and lactate dehydrogenase activity, and markedly inhibited the extravasation of IgG. Moreover, pretreatment with extract of C. japonica may also inhibit the learning and memory deficits induced by an ischemia-reperfusion injury. Conclusion: It was concluded that pretreatment with extract of C. japonica has a protective effect on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.
Henrique Dumont: how a traumatic brain injury contributed to the development of the airplane
Authors: Demartini Jr Zeferino , Gatto Luana A. Maranha , Lages Roberto Oliver , Koppe Gelson Luis
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT The life and death of Henrique Dumont (1832-1892) is little known, being usually remembered as Alberto Santos-Dumont's father. This report describes the history of this Brazilian engineer, also known as the King of Coffee, who achieved enormous business success and fortune in the late nineteenth century. In 1890, during the inspection of his farm, the world's largest coffee plantation at that time, he fell from a carriage, which left him a hemiplegic. This forced him to sell the farm and move to France for treatment. Before his death two years later, he gave his 18-year-old son bits of advice, and distributed his inheritance, which allowed Alberto to study in Paris and finance his experiments that would culminate in the development of the airplane. The diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities are also discussed.
Hereditary spastic paraplegia: a clinical and epidemiological study of a Brazilian pediatric population
Authors: Ortega Roberta Paiva Magalhães , Rosemberg Sérgio
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT Aims: To investigate hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) in a pediatric Brazilian sample. Methods: Epidemiological, clinical, radiological and laboratory data were analyzed in 35 patients. Results: Simple HSP (HSP-S) was detected in 12 patients, and complicated HSP (HSP-C) was detected in 23 patients. The mean age of onset of symptoms was 2.9 years in HSP-S and 1.6 years in HSP-C (p = 0.023). The disease was more severe in HSP-C. There were no differences in sex, ethnic background, or family history between groups. Intellectual disability was the most frequent finding associated with HSP-C. Peripheral axonal neuropathy was found in three patients. In the HSP-C group, MRI was abnormal in 13 patients. The MRI abnormalities included nonspecific white matter lesions, cerebellar atrophy, thinning of the corpus callosum and the “ear of the lynx sign”. Conclusions: In children with spastic paraplegia, HSP must be considered whenever similar pathologies, mainly diplegic cerebral palsy, are ruled out.
Estudo Longitudinal sobre Eficácia Educacional no Brasil: Comparação entre Resultados Contextualizados e Valor Acrescentado
Authors: Ferrão Maria Eugénia , Barros Gabriela Thamara de Freitas , Bof Alvana Maria , Oliveira Adolfo Samuel de
Published: February 2019

RESUMO O artigo apresenta e debate as análises de valor acrescentado, eficácia diferencial e equidade social realizadas através da aplicação de modelo multinível (UF, município, escola, aluno) aos dados longitudinais de estudantes que fizeram a Prova Brasil 2011, no 5 o ano, e a Prova Brasil 2015, no 9 o ano do ensino fundamental. Estimou-se a contribuição da escola brasileira em três dimensões: promoção da aprendizagem em Língua Portuguesa e Matemática, no período de 2011 a 2015 (valor acrescentado); influência diferenciada nas aprendizagens ocorridas durante o período em análise, tendo como referência o nível de conhecimento dos alunos à entrada, no 5º ano (eficácia diferencial); e influência diferenciada nas aprendizagens ocorridas durante esse período, tendo como referência o nível socioeconômico dos alunos (equidade social). Foram testadas ainda variáveis sociodemográficas do aluno, tais como sexo, cor/raça, situação face ao trabalho e se a mãe é ou não alfabetizada. O artigo apresenta resultados inovadores de eficácia educacional no Brasil, mostrando que, ao contrário do que consta na literatura internacional, a magnitude do indicador de valor acrescentado é similar à encontrada em estudos em países desenvolvidos. Os resultados confirmam o conhecimento acumulado sobre o desempenho escolar dos alunos por nível socioeconômico, sexo e cor/raça.
Intermitências da Crítica sob o Imperativo Marxista das Lutas: Foucault e o Groupe d’Information sur les Prisons (GIP)
Authors: Ota Nilton Ken
Published: February 2019

RESUMO O engajamento dos intelectuais franceses na década de 1970 marcou a emergência de novas modalidades de intervenção pública e uma redefinição das relações entre produção cultural e política. Associada a uma intensa interlocução com os grupos militantes da esquerda extraparlamentar, instituídos ou fortalecidos a partir dos protestos de 68, a mobilização das principais figuras do pensamento francês deflagrou um processo de incorporação das temáticas do "gauchismo", o que significava estabelecer, ainda que por vias nem sempre evidentes, um profundo e tenso diálogo com Marx e os marxismos. Foi uma época de filiações cruzadas e ruidosas, de alianças estratégicas e de grande inventividade organizacional, reunidas e acumuladas nos dispositivos intelectuais de engajamento propostos por ativistas e notórios representantes da Filosofia e Ciências sociais, entre os quais, Michel Foucault e o Groupe d'Information sur les Prisons (GIP). A história do encontro entre Foucault e a questão prisional condensa os principais vetores políticos que deram fisionomia à conjuntura social dos anos 1970, manifestando as contradições de uma teoria fortemente impactada pela experiência militante. O "efeito GIP" sobre Foucault demarca, ao mesmo tempo, o horizonte e os limites de sua crítica e do legado intelectual de sua obra. Com o auxílio de registros documentais do arquivo de Foucault, depositado no Institut Mémoires de l'Édition Contemporaine (IMEC), e do acervo sobre os grupos militantes de 68, localizado na Bibliothèque de Documentation Internationale Contemporaine (BDIC), este texto propõe problematizar essa história.
Estrutura Social e Crise Política no Brasil
Authors: Costa Sérgio
Published: February 2019

RESUMO Orientando-se em trabalhos que combinam as tradições marxista e weberiana na análise da estrutura social, o texto estuda a crise brasileira contemporânea como conflito distributivo, envolvendo quatro classes ou estratos (pobres, outsiders, estabelecidos, milionários) definidos a partir de cinco vetores determinantes da desigualdade social: riqueza, posição em contextos hierárquicos, conhecimento, associação seletiva e direitos existenciais. A hipótese orientadora é que a aliança de classes comandada pelo PT trouxe, entre 2003 e 2013, em geral, mais riqueza, conhecimento e direitos existenciais, mas perda de posição para os estabelecidos já que seu poder de excluir outsiders e pobres diminui. A partir de 2014, a crise econômica faz com que todos os grupos percam riqueza, ainda que em proporções distintas. Ao mesmo tempo, as investigações sobre corrupção desarticulam as associações seletivas dos milionários com políticos e o estado. Diante deste quadro, o arranjo distributivo entre capital, trabalho assalariado e estado estabelecido pelo PT em 2003 (o "lulismo") perde sua sustentação na esfera pública e no âmbito parlamentar, culminando com o afastamento de Rousseff. Seu sucessor, Temer, reajustou, sistematicamente, o arranjo distributivo em favor do capital. O novo governo conduzido pelo político de extrema direita Bolsonaro segue na mesma linha.
Temporary immersion biorreators: efficient technique for the propagation of the ‘Pircinque’ strawberry
Authors: Camargo Samila Silva , Rufato Leo , Magro Maicon , Souza André Luiz Kulkamp de
Published: February 2019

Abstract The in vitro propagation technique via temporary immersion bioreactors is a tool that, through the culture in a liquid medium, allows an increase in the efficiency of seedling production. Several researches with the strawberry crop have shown greater efficiency of the system compared to the conventional process of micropropagation in solid medium. In this sense, the objective herein was to establish a protocol of multiplication and rooting of the ‘Pircinque’ strawberry, in temporary immersion bioreactors. Two distinct and independent studies were carried out, characterized by the multiplication and rooting stages of strawberry explants, newly introduced and registered in Brazil. Two culture media (MS and KNOP) were studied and, as a control treatment, the growth of the explants in solid culture medium was evaluated with the addition of 5 g L-1 of agar. Different immersion times of the culture medium were explored: five or eight times a day, for 15 minutes. The study was composed of the culture medium and immersion time factors, as well as the control (solid) treatment. It was verified that the use of temporary immersion bioreactors system is an efficient technique for the multiplication and rooting of explants of strawberry cv. Pircinque, when compared to the conventional method of micropropagation with the use of solid culture medium, making it possible to optimize the production of seedlings in biofactories. The MS liquid medium, in contact with explants of ‘Pircinque’ strawberry five times a day, increased the growth of the aerial part and the root system.
Growth and quality of mangosteen seedlings (Garcinia mangostana L.) in response to the application of humic acids
Authors: Gomes Júnior Gedeon Almeida , Pereira Rafaela Alves , Sodré George Andrade , Gross Eduardo
Published: February 2019

Abstract The time of formation of mangosteen seedlings propagated by seeds can be considered as the biggest difficulty in the seedling production system of this species. Considering that the use of humic acids as a growth promoter has been well documented in some species, the objective of this work was to evaluate the growth of mangosteen seedlings in response to the application of humic acid (HA) doses extracted from vermicompost (0; 2; 20; 40; 200 mg C L-1). Growth rate was determined using the following variables: stem diameter, plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, stem dry matter, leaf dry matter, shoot dry matter, root dry matter, total dry matter and Dickson quality index . The dose 150 mg C L-1 was the one that approached the maximum values and therefore should be recommended for the production of seedlings. The results at 240 days after planting (DAP) showed that the HA increased the growth of mangosteen seedlings, helping to reduce the time of seedling formation under conditions for permanent planting.
Mr. Catra e sua vontade pela margem: Judaísmo, negros e brancos na formação de um artista não erudito
Authors: Mizrahi Mylene
Published: February 2019

Resumo Exploro as relações do cantor de funk carioca Mr. Catra com o Judaísmo para repensar a noção de margem, tomando-a como espaço-tempo propício para a emergência de processos de subjetivação específicos, particularmente os artísticos. Argumento que a conversão informal de Mr. Catra ao Judaísmo é a culminância de uma vida que se constitui junto à uma vontade pela margem, manifesta ainda no trânsito entre sua residência e a favela e em sua filiação artística. Mostro o artista não erudito como especialmente apto a visibilizar a dimensão transformativa da arte ao mesmo tempo em que defendo que tornar-se judeu permite a Mr. Catra reconfigurar o modo com que elabora, através da arte, sobre as relações entre brancos e negros.
“Juventude é curtição, o problema é se Jesus voltar”: cultura funk, pentecostalismo e juventudes nas camadas populares
Authors: Pereira Réia Silvia Gonçalves
Published: February 2019

Resumo: O artigo aborda o trânsito efetuado por jovens moradores das periferias que, negociando entre províncias de significados de aparência antagônica, circulam entre o suposto hedonismo da cultura funk e o aparente ascetismo pentecostal. São apresentados os relatos de Amanda e Yasmim, moradoras de uma favela localizada em Vitória, Espírito Santo. Mesmo pertencentes a berços pentecostais, as jovens se afastaram da religião e atualmente exercem sociabilidades que incluem a participação em bailes funk, demonstrando que, mesmo apresentando concepções marcadamente pentecostais, as jovens conseguem reinterpretar as doutrinas religiosas a partir de valores constantemente reconstruídos. Como ferramentas teórico-metodológicas, apresentam-se relatos biográficos, os quais revelam a complexidade com a qual Amanda e Yasmim concebem as próprias existências e o contexto em que vivem.
Notas sobre a vida social do Conventinho de frei Hugolino: de convento a repartição pública, de museu a local de devoção
Authors: Almeida Juliano Florczak
Published: February 2019

Resumo: Este trabalho traça uma trajetória do Convento do Espírito Santo, de Santo Amaro (SC), destacando as imbricações entre espaço público e religião. Esse convento foi marcado por frei Hugolino (1926-2011), um franciscano que lá praticava curas. Depois de sua morte, o chamado Conventinho foi locado pela prefeitura a fim de preservar a “memória” da cidade e desenvolver “turismo religioso”. Essa circulação entre secular e religioso se expressa nos objetos do museu lá mantido. As peças, expostas como patrimônio histórico, são objetos de devoção de visitantes e funcionários do prédio. Essas práticas devocionais não apenas refletem a posição privilegiada do catolicismo no espaço público, onde pode emergir como “arte”, “história” ou “cultura”, mas mostram os vazamentos das práticas católicas, marcadas por atravessamentos.
Sob o encanto de Mackandal: utopia, milenarismo e revolução em El Reino de Este Mundo de Alejo Carpentier
Authors: Rocha Daniel
Published: February 2019

Resumo: Este artigo faz uma reflexão sobre as relações entre perspectivas políticas e expectativas milenaristas na obra El reino de este mundo (1949) de Alejo Carpentier. Inicialmente, identificamos alguns elementos políticos e culturais que influenciaram Carpentier no período anterior à publicação de El reino de este mundo. Na sequência, apresentamos um esboço da obra e analisamos as relações entre mito e história no texto. Finalmente, partindo de uma perspectiva comparativa entre os três processos político-revolucionários apresentados no livro (a rebelião de Mackandal, a monarquia de Henri Christophe e a república dos mulatos), buscaremos apresentar o movimento milenarista de Mackandal como o único de fato utópico e revolucionário, que, mesmo fracassando, continuou a engravidar de esperanças o espírito dos oprimidos do Haiti.
El perfume de los ramos de Lulav. La memoria religiosa familiar entre tradición y continuidad: el caso de una comunidad judía italiana
Authors: Zaros Agustina Adela
Published: February 2019

Resumen: El texto indaga sobre la continuidad de las creencias y prácticas religiosas en un grupo de judíos italianos a través de dos sujetos principales, la familia y la comunidad como lugares de socialización religiosa. La perspectiva analítica está dada por el concepto de religión como memoria para comprender cómo se vive la religión en la sociedad actual, como se interpreta el legado y como es apropiada en las familias judías estudiadas. El campo de la investigación se refiere a la comunidad judía de Padua, radicada históricamente en la ciudad, una minoría religiosa en relación a los fieles católicos en Italia. Las técnicas metodológicas utilizadas son la observación participante y las entrevistas con álbum de familia.
Grupo evangélico na universidade: práticas formativas, identidade religiosa e relações políticas
Authors: Groppo Luís Antonio , Borges Lívia Furtado
Published: February 2019

Resumo: Um grupo evangélico de estudantes em uma universidade pública do interior de Minas Gerais, pertencente à rede Aliança Bíblica Universitária (ABU), foi investigado por meio de observação participante e entrevistas, com o objetivo de conhecer suas práticas formativas, sua contribuição para a inserção de jovens na vida universitária, os sentidos que atribui à filiação religiosa na universidade e as suas relações políticas. Dados do campo, cotejados com a bibliografia sobre juventude, religião e universidade no Brasil atual, demonstram que a religião é uma importante forma de socialização e sociabilidade para parte das/dos estudantes da Educação Superior, assim como a participação no grupo evangélico tem importantes efeitos na relação de jovens estudantes com a esfera pública e na sua participação política. A ABU pesquisada tem sido bem-sucedida por valorizar uma dimensão mais pessoal e participativa da religiosidade evangélica, colaborando com a permanência de estudantes na universidade e estabelecendo pontes entre a cultura religiosa e a cultura acadêmica, propiciando a manutenção da identidade religiosa constituída antes do ingresso na educação superior. A pesquisa de campo ilustra algumas tensões vividas no grupo evangélico, do ponto de vista da participação política, derivadas da contraposição entre, de um lado, a horizontalidade e certas tendências progressistas vividas no cotidiano do grupo, e, por outro, a centralização e as tendências conservadoras das lideranças evangélicas.
Utilização do e-SUS AB e fatores associados ao registro de procedimentos e consultas da atenção básica nos municípios brasileiros
Authors: Thum Moara Ailane , Baldisserotto Julio , Celeste Roger Keller
Published: February 2019

O objetivo foi avaliar o impacto do e-SUS AB na notificação de procedimentos e consultas no Sistema de Informação Ambulatorial do Sistema Único de Saúde (SIA/SUS) dos municípios brasileiros. Estudo ecológico com comparação longitudinal antes, durante e depois do período de implantação do e-SUS AB (junho de 2013 a maio de 2015) e, durante a implantação, comparação seccional entre municípios em fase implantado, intermediário e incipiente. As taxas foram descritas por médias e desvio padrão, e analisadas por regressão binomial negativa. Os municípios com e-SUS AB implantado em novembro 2014 eram de pequeno porte, com menor Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano Municipal (IDH-M), menor renda per capita, maiores taxas de enfermeiros, alta cobertura de Estratégia Saúde da Família - ESF (> 80%). Não foram observadas diferenças nas taxas de procedimentos ou consultas entre municípios de acordo com a fase de implantação e não houve aumento ao longo do tempo. Municípios com cobertura de 100% da ESF apresentam maiores taxas de procedimentos (razão de taxas [RT] = 1,44; IC95%: 1,29-1,62) e de consultas (RT = 1,26; IC95%: 1,15-1,39); municípios com mais de 100 mil habitantes registraram menores taxas de procedimentos (RT = 0,68; IC95%: 0,57-0,81) e de consultas (RT = 0,54; IC95%: 0,47-0,63). Houve menores taxas de procedimentos em todas as regiões quando comparadas com a Região Norte, tendo a Nordeste RT de 0,34 (IC95%: 0,30-0,40) vez menor e a Região Sul, RT de 0,35 (IC95%: 0,30-0,41) menor que a Região Norte. Outras análises quanto ao uso do sistema e suas implicações nos processos de trabalho das equipes devem ser aprofundadas para apoiar os gestores no uso e manutenção do sistema.
Usual diet quality among 8- to 12-year-old Brazilian children
Authors: Horta Paula Martins , Verly Junior Eliseu , Santos Luana Caroline dos
Published: February 2019

Abstract: Nutritional surveys are important information sources for public policy in the food and nutrition field. They focus on assessing usual dietary patterns, because health outcomes result from the long-term intake. Here we aimed to evaluate diet quality adjusted for day-to-day variance among Brazilian children. Data were collected between March 2013 and August 2015. The sample included 8- to 12-year-old children (n = 1,357) from public schools from all administrative regions of a Brazilian city. One 24-h dietary recall (24HR) was collected for the whole sample and two 24HR for two non-consecutive days of the same week for a subsample. The Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010) was adapted to Brazilian food habits and the Brazilian dietary guidelines were used to evaluate diet quality. Statistical analysis included a multipart, nonlinear mixed model with correlated random effects proposed by the U.S. National Cancer Institute to correct diet quality for day-to-day variance. The adapted HEI-2010 total score was 51.8. Children with poorer diet quality (< 10th percentile) scored less than 41.1, and children with higher diet quality (> 90th percentile) scored more than 62.4. The overall adequacy of adapted HEI-2010 components was low. Higher adequacy percentages were identified for total protein foods (94.9%), greens (62.3%), and seafood and plant proteins (52.2%). Seven components showed less than 10% of adequacy: refined grains, fatty acids, dairy, sodium, total vegetable, whole grains, and empty calories. This study identified the main inadequacies among children’s diet quality, which can guide promotion actions for healthy eating.