bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Methylation reactions of quinazolin-4-thione
Authors: Nazira Boliqul qizi Juraqulova  , F.E.Saitkulov  , B.J.Elmuradov
Published: April 2024

methylation of quinazoline-4-thione with methyl iodide, dimethylsulfate and methyltosylate in various solvents was studied. It is shown that the reaction proceeds to N3, O4 and N1 atoms depending on the nature of the alkylating agent, solvent and temperature.
CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE A PARTICIPAÇÃO DO BRASIL EM OPERAÇÕES DE PAZ NA ÁFRICA: OPORTUNIDADES PARA A PROMOÇÃO DA IGUALDADE DE GÊNERO
Authors: Rebelo Tamya Rocha , Giannini Renata Avelar
Published: April 2024

Desde a publicação da Resolução 1325 (2000) pelo Conselho de Segurança das Nações Unidas, a igualdade de gênero tem sido associada à promoção da paz e segurança internacional. Nesse contexto, a ONU enfatiza o equilíbrio numérico entre homens e mulheres e a maior conscientização sobre “gênero” como passos importantes para o alcance dessa igualdade. Nesse sentido, o artigo propõe uma ampla discussão sobre o envolvimento do Brasil nas operações de paz, especialmente na MINUSTAH e nas operações destinadas aos países africanos, com um enfoque particular na contribuição de pessoal feminino e nas políticas de gênero adotadas.
RAINHA GINGA DE ANGOLA: PRESENÇA RESISTENTE NA CULTURA AFRO-BRASILEIRA
Authors: Fonseca Mariana Bracks
Published: April 2024

Nzinga Mbandi, conhecida como Rainha Ginga, foi soberana dos reinos do Ndongo e Matamba no século XVII. Famosa tanto por suas habilidades diplomáticas quanto por seu comportamento guerreiro, Ginga foi uma personagem única da história africana. Durante mais de trinta anos, Ginga fugiu da perseguição lusa enganando seus opositores com diversas estratégias de resistência, que iam desde rendições simuladas a pistas falsas de seu paradeiro. No final de sua vida, a rainha se reconverteu ao cristianismo como forma de obter a paz e a sucessão para seu reino de Matamba.
ÁFRICA E BRASIL – CULTURA E HISTÓRIA
Authors: Gomes Luiz Antonio Fachini
Published: April 2024

Depois de viver na África do Sul por quase quatro anos (1990-94), acabei por confirmar que o brasileiro tem uma cabeça muito africana; em certo sentido, bem mais africana do que europeia. Alguns anos antes, tinha vivido longo tempo na Europa Central e me sentira muito estranho naquele mundo. Realmente foi uma dificuldade adaptar-me ao modo de pensar (e sentir) daqueles europeus. Já no continente africano, me senti em casa. No Brasil, trabalhei por alguns anos no Departamento da África e tive oportunidade de viajar em missões transitórias por vários países da área.
DERVIXE NEGRO
Authors: Schellini Marcelo Artioli
Published: April 2024

Foi então naquela ilha que comecei o longo caminho verso o continente africano. Ao sopro do grecale, do levante, do tramontana e sobretudo do scirocco que é aquele que vem do norte da África trazendo a borrasca de areia do Saara. A propósito, foi naquela mesma ilha que ouvi pela primeira vez que certas pessoas são como o vento. Talvez porque mudem sempre de direção.
Exploring the Nutritional, Antioxidant, and Lipid-Lowering Properties of Saba Banana (Musa acuminata x balbisiana BBB Group) Peels
Authors:   Institute of Human Nutrition and Food, College of Human Ecology, University of the Philippines Los Baños, 4031, Philippines, Bagabaldo Paul Alteo , Atienza Liezl , Castillo-Israel Katherine Ann , Barrion AImee Sheree , Laurena Antonio , Estacio Maria Amelita ,   Institute of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, 4031, Philippines,   Institute of Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, 4031, Philippines,   Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences – College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baños, 4031, Philippines
Published: April 2024

This study investigated the nutritional and functional components of ‘saba’ banana peel (SBP) to determine its health-promoting potential for special food applications. SBP has undergone analyses measuring proximate composition, vitamin C, antioxidant activity, phytochemical content, estimated glycemic index (eGI), pancreatic lipase inhibition, and cholesterol micellar solubility inhibition. Data were processed using SPSS v20 and expressed as mean ± SD. Proximate analysis showed that SBP contained 83.83 ± 1.06% moisture, 6.74 ± 0.83% crude fat, 5.58 ± 0.24% crude protein, 9.97 ± 0.04% total ash, 9.91 ± 0.10% crude fiber, and 60.08% nitrogen-free extracts. Vitamin C content was found to be 72.15 ± 2.20 mg vitamin C/100 g fresh sample, whereas its antioxidant activity was 53.75 ± 1.29% DPPH inhibition. The eGI of SBP was 77.88 ± 1.42 and the phytochemical content analyses revealed that SBP contained total phenols at 135.61 ± 2.72 mg GAE, total flavonoids at 18.33 ± 0.65 mg catechin equivalent, and total tannins at 65.64 ± 1.97 mg quercetin equivalent. Finally, its pancreatic lipase inhibition was 35.34 ± 4.34%—almost 50% as effective as lipase inhibitor drug Orlistat. Its cholesterol micellar solubility inhibition was 71.40 ± 2.06%—almost 80% as effective as the cholesterol-lowering drug Cholestyramine. SBP had the highest phenolic content when compared with the published values of other fruit peels and far greater lipid-lowering enzyme inhibition effects than the healthy pigmented red and black rice varieties. These findings showed that SBP, which was considered as agricultural waste, contains nutritional properties and bioactive compounds, and can be utilized as food products and nutraceuticals with potentials in ameliorating obesity and associated disorders, providing banana farmers and processors additional revenue for their crops.
Possibilities, benefits and limitations of embedding technology enhanced and remote teaching and learning in compulsory education – And not just because of COVID-19
Authors: Passey Don
Published: April 2024

The Institute for Education’s Second Annual Symposium 2021 focuses on the topic of ‘Technology Enhanced & Remote Teaching & Learning’. In the current educational context, where we have grappled with issues and challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, this topic and Symposium are particularly timely and relevant. The papers presented here form an extremely valuable set of contributions that not only place and recognise the work that has been undertaken during the COVID-19 pandemic, but also identify important key features that are pertinent to a next phase, moving forward beyond this period of crisis. In considering this next phase, I believe it is important to consider features of the past (the potential for technology enhanced teaching and learning), as well as outcomes of the present (what has shifted and resulted during the COVID-19 pandemic) and needs for the future (how we can take forward lessons from our current understandings and experience).
Students’ Perceptions of a Multifaith Environment and its Challenges: Exploring a Way Forward in a Maltese Independent School
Authors: Zammit Gauci Fiona
Published: April 2024

This paper examines students’ perceptions about the possibility to educate beyond Religious Education and the curriculum in a bid to enhance a multifaith environment. The findings reported in this paper derive from the qualitative component of a larger sequential explanatory mixed methods study carried out with both educators and students in an independent school in Malta. The study revealed significant differences among participants who hail from different faith communities. Student participants in the focus groups specifically noted their school’s endeavour towards inclusion and respect towards all faiths and suggested that more diverse multifaith initiatives for all members of its community should be identified and put into practice in order to better address the needs of a multifaith school. Students claimed that they felt respected as persons at school, although they believe that many faiths remained largely invisible at school. The paper concludes that schools must gradually adopt new multifaith initiatives while remaining faithful to their own identity.
Exploring the Relationship Between School Autonomy and School Responsiveness as Perceived by Heads of Primary Schools in Malta
Authors: Polidano David
Published: April 2024

This paper presents the outcomes of a research study on the perspective of Heads of primary schools in Malta about the relationship between school autonomy and school responsiveness. Knowing whether, and how, school autonomy is related to school responsiveness can provide a key to action for improvement in the Maltese education system. A mixed methods approach allowed the collection and analysis of data from a relatively large proportion of the target population and its interpretation through the participation of a sample from the same population. Most Heads were found to believe that greater school autonomy, especially in the curriculum and instruction domain, would help increase responsiveness. Most were also personally in favour of increased autonomy, especially in the mentioned domain. Acknowledging the complexity of the subject matter, the paper suggests an iterative approach to change that prioritises the professional autonomy of school-based educators as the guiding principle.
What Potential Does an Individual Professional Development Plan (IPDP) Have in Addressing the Learning Needs of Educators in Malta?
Authors: Vassallo Medici Fiona
Published: April 2024

This paper reveals the potential benefits and challenges of using the Individual Professional Development Plan (IPDP) to support teachers’ learning needs. The IPDP is used by human resources management across different industries including education to assist in the planning of professional development and career paths. This strategic tool is used to recognise and document skills, knowledge and training options required to achieve short-term and long-term goals. Results of this study exposed potential benefits as being improved reflective practice; exposure to strategic planning; motivation to learn; and consideration of students’ needs. The potential challenges were recognised as being teachers’ negative attitudes towards PD; lack of experience in self-reflective practices and goal-setting; time restraints; imposed union directives; and teaching conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study also examined the potential use of the IPDP by senior leadership teams. The results show that the IPDP could potentially promote community learning; goal-setting alignment with school development plans; alignment with student needs; and different forms of PD.
A probabilistic dynamic programing model for determining optimum inventories
Authors: Wang John , Zhou Steve Bin , Pei Zhi
Published: April 2024

The occurrence and size of snowfall, and therefore, the level of demand for salt, are uncertain for each week. Therefore, a probabilistic inventory model is required. This will be a periodic review model - the inventory of salt at the beginning of each week will determine the optimal quantity to be purchased to satisfy expected demand. Dynamic programming with a backward recursion is utilized to determine weekly optimal costs/inventory level.
Progress in autonomous building inspection drone development for scanning exterior damage of buildings
Authors: Hur Byul , Ryoo Boong Yeol , Zhan Wei , Bustos Carmelo , Consuelo Gabriel , Orozco Luis , Vazquez Ramon
Published: April 2024

Structures over time are prone to having damages and faults on exterior surfaces. Current methods for analyzing buildings for defects are time consuming and potentially dangerous for the inspector. At higher altitudes, additional safety measures must be taken. In order to streamline the exterior surface inspection process, a drone with manual and autonomous flight capabilities is being developed by multidisciplinary faculty members and undergraduate students at Texas A&M University through a Capstone project. The drone will record video and sensor data during operation. In this first phase of the development, the team has been creating a building infrastructure research drone which can monitor the exterior of the buildings for a vertical scanning task. The details of the building analysis drone development effort are presented in this paper.
Environmental Pollution and Global Issue (With special regard to air pollution)
Authors: Ahmed Shahid
Published: April 2024

Environmental pollution is a serious problem of the present era, which is becoming more severe day by day. In fact, pollution is not the problem of any one country but a global problem, with which the entire world community is struggling. Increasing pollution has damaged the environment and made it unbalanced and its adverse effects are also being seen in many forms. The biggest threat due to pollution is to human health. The trends presented by the World Health Organization (WHO) show that in about half of the cities of the world, the amount of carbon monoxide has reached a level harmful from the health point of view, while lead has reached this dangerous level in one-third of the cities. All living beings depend on a balanced environment for their growth, development and wellorganized life. Generally, various components are present in the environment in a certain quantity and proportion and equilibrium is maintained between these various components. Under specific circumstances, the dominance of unwanted and harmful components increases in the environment. As a result, the environment becomes polluted and living beings have to suffer its adverse effects. We can also say it this way that when the purity of natural resources is affected in such a way that their life utility itself starts getting destroyed, then this process is called pollution. When any component of the environment such as air, water, land etc., mixes with any other unwanted substance and brings about a change in its physical, chemical and biological properties, then it is no longer usable or causes harm to health, then that effect and result is called pollution. The literal meaning of pollution is ‘to make dirty or unclean, to make impure’. The main cause of pollution is considered to be human activities. In the present research study, a detailed description of environmental pollution and global problem has been presented.
Pengaruh Harga, Kualitas Produk, Dan Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan Di CV Tri Jaya Mobil Tiban Batam
Authors: Harianja Josepin
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh harga, kualitas produk dan dan kualitas pelayanan baik secara parsial maupun secara simultan terhadap loyalitas pelanggan pada CV Tri Jaya Mobil Tiban Batam. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 100 responden dan pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil pengolahan data pada variabel harga menemukan bahwa thitung sebesar 3,288 < ttabel sebesar 1,660 dengan tingkat signifikan 0,001 > 0,05, maka harga berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap loyalitas pelanggan. Pada variabel kualitas produk menghasilkan nilai thitung sebesar 5,728 > ttabel sebsar 1,660 dengan tingkat signifikan 0,000 < 0,05, maka kualitas produk berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap loyalitas pelanggan. Pada variabel kualitas pelayanan menghasilkan nilai thitung sebesar 4,252 > ttabel 1,660 dengan tingkat signifikan 0,000 < 0,05, maka kualitas pelayanan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap loyalitas pelanggan. Dari uji F diketahui bahwa nilai fhitung harga, kualitas produk dan kualitas pelayanan adalah sebesar 208,530 > ftabel 2,69 dengan nilai signifikan sebesar 0,000 < 0,05. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa variabel harga, kualitas produk dan kualitas pelayanan secara simultan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap loyalitas pelanggan CV Tri Jaya Mobil Tiban Batam.

Kata Kunci : Harga, Kualitas Produk, Kualitas Pelayanan, dan Loyalitas Pelanggan
PROSES DOCKING KAPAL TUG BOAT ELION OLEH PERUSAHAAN KEAGENAN PT JASA MATIRIM WAWASAN NUSANTARA CABANG BANTEN DI MERAK
Authors: Sihombing Hotmanahan , Lestari Tatiana Dwi
Published: April 2024

Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini yaitu:1). Ditemukan beberapa sertifikat dan dokumen kapal yang telah habis masa berlakunya (expired) dan perlu di endorsement (pengukuhan) 2). Ditemukan alat keselamatan berupa alah pendeteksi asap (smoke detector) yang tidak berfungsi atau rusak 3). SART (Seacrh and Rescue Radar Transponder) kadaluwarsa atau expired 4). Red Handflare tidak berfungsi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: 1). Untuk mengetahui proses docking kapal Tug Boat Elion oleh perusahaan keagenan PT Jasa Maritim Wawasan Nusantara Cabang Banten di Merak, 2). Untuk mengetahuiadakah hambatan-hambatan yang timbul dalam proses docking kapal Tug Boat Elion.Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di PT Jasa Maritim Wawasan Nusantara Cabang Merak Banten dari bulan Februari 2018 sampai dengan bulan Mei 2018. Penelitian kualitatif deskriptif adalah penelitian yang dilakukan dengan cara pencanderaan dan menghubungkan data-daya yang diperoleh di lapangan dengan teori yang digunakan. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, studi pustaka, dan dokumentasi. Data yang telah terkumpul kemudian dilakukan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan.Hasil penelitian ini adalah: 1). Proses docking kapal Tug Boat Elion oleh perusahaan keagenan PT Jasa Maritim Wawasan Nusantara cabang Banten di Merak melalui 3 (tiga) tahapan untuk tercapainya proses docking kapal Tug Boat Elion antara lain: a). Persiapan Pelaksanaan Docking Kapal Tug Boat Elion b). Pelaksanaan Docking Kapal Tug Boat Elion c).Penyelesaian Kapal Tug Boat Elion setelah naik dock. 2). Secara umum proses docking kapal Tug Boat Elion oleh perusahaan keagenan PT Jasa Maritim Wawasan Nusantara cabang Banten di Merak telah berjaan lancar, meskipun demikian masih ada hambatan yaitu a). Ditemukan beberapa sertifikat dan dokumen kapal yang telah habis masa berlakunya (expired) dan perlu di endorsement (pengukuhan) b). Ditemukan alat keselamatan berupa alat pendeteksi asap(smoke detector) yang tidak berfungsi atau rusak c). SART (Seacrh and Rescue Radar Transponder) kadaluwarsa atau expired d). Red Handflare tidak berfungsi.
PROSES PENANGANAN ROKOK HASIL PENYELUNDUPAN DARI LUAR NEGERI MELALUI LAUT DI KANTOR PENGAWASAN DAN PELAYANAN BEA CUKAI TIPE MADYA PABEAN B KOTA JAMBI
Authors: Sugiyanto Arif Nofa , Kurniawan Irfan
Published: April 2024

Penyelundupan merupakan tindak kejahatan yang dapat merugikan negara, oleh karena itu aparat/Bea dan Cukai selalu berupaya untuk melakukan pencegahan dan pemberantasan. Dalam proses penanganan rokok hasil penyelundupan dari luar negeri melalui laut di KPPBC Kota Jambi ada permasalahan yaitu kurangnya petugas penindakan yang mengakibatkan keterlambatan penyergapan barang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui proses penanganan rokok hasil penyelundupan dari luar negeri melalui laut di KPPBC Kota Jambi dan untuk mengetahui apakah ada hambatan yang terjadi pada proses penanganan rokok hasil penyelundupan dari luar negeri melalui laut di KPPBC Kota Jambi.Metode penelitian yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yaitu metode yang digunakan untuk memberikan penjelasan dan gambaran mengenai kejadian/fakta di lapangan sebagai informasi yang bisa dipercaya. Sedangkan informan (narasumber) dalam penelitian ini yaitu semua pegawai KPPBC Kota Jambi.Hasil penelitian ini adalah proses penanganan rokok hasil penyelundupan dari luar negeri melalui laut di KPPBC Kota Jambi terdiri dari serangkaian kegiatan antara lain 1) persiapan Proses Penanganan Rokok Hasil Penyelundupan yang meliputi: a. persiapan peralatan, b. persiapan SDM, dan c. persiapan TPS. 2) pelaksanaan Proses Penanganan Rokok Hasil Penyelundupan yang meliput 10 proses yaitu a. proses penyelidikan barang, b. proses penyergapan barang c. proses pemeriksaan barang, d. proses.penyitaan barang, e. proses penyerahaan barang ke pabean, f. proses penimbunan barang, g. penetapan barang ke Barang Milik Negara, h., Persiapan Pemusnahan i, Pemusnahan Barang dan j, proses pelaporan barang ke pusat. 3) kesimpulan secara umum proses penanganan rokok hasil penyelundupan dari luar negeri melalui laut di KPPBC Kota Jambi telah berhasil dilaksanakan, meskipun demikian masih ada hambatan berupa kurangnya petugas dan tempat penimbunan sementara yang terjadi di sana, hambatan tersebut dapat diatasi dengan penambahan petugas dan penambahan tempat penimbunan sementara.
PENERAPAN ISM CODE UNTUK MENGOPTIMALKAN KESELAMATAN KERJA KAPAL MT PUPUK INDONESIA DI PT PUPUK INDONESIA LOGISTIK
Authors: Astuti Sri Dweni , Muladi Rahman
Published: April 2024

ISM Code adalah Suatu kode (petunjuk rinci) tentang manajemen internasional untuk mengoperasikan kapal agar selamat (safe operation) dan menjaga lingkungan hidup. Permasalahan dalam Penerapan ISM Code Untuk Megoptimalkan Keselamatan Kerja Kapal yaitu adanya unsur ketidakterampilan dan ketidakcakapan awak kapal dalam mematuhi kedisiplinan aturan kerja ataupun kurangnya pengetahuan awak kapal tentang  pentingnya pelatihan di atas kapal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: 1) Untuk mengetahui penerapan ISM Code di MT Pupuk Indonesia Logistik. 2) Untuk mengetahui pihak yang terlibat pada penerapan ISM Code  dengan keselamatan kerja kapal MT Pupuk Indonesia di PT Pupuk Indonesia Logistik.Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Teknik Pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu dengan cara wawancara (interview), observasi, dan studi dokumentasi. Sedangkan informan (narasumber) yang dijadikan penelitian adalah pegawai yang terdiri dari bagian Divisi GM Operasional dan Divisi HSSE (Health Safety Security Environment) di PT Pupuk Indonesia Logistk.Hasil penelitian ini adalah: 1)Penerapan ISM Code Untuk Mengoptimalkan Kerja Kapal MT Pupuk Indonesia di PT Pupuk Indonesia Logistik terdiri dari serangkaian kegiatan antara lain: a). Persiapan alat keselamatan kerja di atas kapal. b). Keterampilan dan kecakapan awak kapal dalam mewujudkan keselamatan di atas kapal. 2)  Secara umum Penerapan ISM Code I untuk Mengoptimalkan Keselamatan Kerja Kapal MT Pupuk Indonesia di PT Pupuk Indonesia Logistik sudah berhasil dalam menangani prosedur-prosedur keselamatan pengperasian kapal di antaranya prosedur menghadapi cuaca buruk, prosedur menghadapi alur pelayaran sempit, prosedur kemudi darurat dan lain- lain.
DIGITALISASI MENTRANSFORMASI PRAKTIK MANAJERIAL
Authors: Supriyanta Supriyanta , Fifaldyovan Muhammad Ikhsan
Published: April 2024

Transformasi digital merupakan fenomena yang komplek dan multi-faset, serta menjadi tantangan untuk mengelolanya secara efektif. Salah satu faset dari fenomena ini adalah peran manajer. Tujuan penulisan ini untuk mendeskripsikan praktek manajerial dan kompetensi yang dibutuhkan terkait transformasi digital di dalam organisasi.
LOYALITAS PELANGGAN DAN KEPUASAN PELANGGAN DITINJAU DARI KUALITAS PRODUK DAN LAYANAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF KONSUMEN ONLINE
Authors: Fifaldyovan Muhammad Ikhsan , Supriyanta Supriyanta
Published: April 2024

Loyalitas pelanggan online merupakan strategi jangka panjang yang berkelanjutan, namun mempertahankan pelanggan online merupakan sesuatu yang sulit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis pengaruh kualitas produk dan layanan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan dan loyalitas pelanggan. Hipotesis penelitian adalah kualitas produk dan layanan berpengaruh positif terhadap kepuasan pelanggan dan loyalitas pelanggan. Sampel adalah 100 konsumen online di Semarang, yang diperoleh secara purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner dan kemudian dianalisis menggunakan analisis jalur (path analysis) dan uji sobel. Hasil penelitian adalah kualitas produk dan layanan berpengaruh positif terhadap kepuasan pelanggan; kualitas produk dan layanan berpengaruh positif terhadap loyalitas pelanggan; dan kepuasan pelanggan memediasi hubungan kualitas produk dan layanan dengan loyalitas pelanggan
Uluslararası aktörlerin Afrika rekabetinde Türkiye’nin konumu
Authors: Taştan Serkan
Published: April 2024

Afrika dünyanın coğrafi ve nüfus yönünden en büyük ikinci kıtası olmasına rağmen, ekonomik ve siyasi istikrar açısından açık ara geriden gelen bir kıta olup küresel GSYH’nin yalnızca %5’ine sahiptir. Kıta üzerinde Fransa, Büyük Britanya gibi kolonyal güçlerin ekonomik ve kültürel güçleri hala sürmekle beraber, herhangi bir kolonyal geçmiş angajmanı bulunmayan Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti (ÇHC), Hindistan, Brezilya ve Türkiye gibi ülkelerin Afrika’ya olan ilgisi de gün geçtikçe artmakta ve bu ilkeler kolonyal güçlere alternatif olarak ön plana çıkmaktadırlar. Özellikle ÇHC iki kutuplu dünyada kendine yeni müttefikler bulabilmek adına bu coğrafyaya 1950’li yıllardan itibaren sistematik olarak yaklaşmış, bağımsızlık süreçlerine BM nezdinde sağladığı diplomatik destek ve kalkınma projelerine sağlanan ekonomik yardımlar ile Afrikalı ülkelerinin çoğunda güvenilirliğini artırarak bugün kıtanın en büyük ticari ve siyasi partneri haline gelmiştir. 2000’li yılların ortalarından itibaren Balkanlar-Ortadoğu-Afrika bölgesinde “bölgesel oyun kurucu” pozisyonuna evrilmeye çalışan Türkiye için Afrika bu gücün test edildiği önemli bir coğrafya olmuştur. Akıllı güç unsurlarına bina edilen proaktif bir dış politika anlayışı ile Türkiye, Afrika’daki etkinliğini artırmaya çalışmakla beraber, Türkiye’nin ne kadar etkin olduğunun analizi ve Afrika’daki yumuşak güç politikalarının Türkiye’ye somut olarak neler kazandırıp/kazandırmadığının kapsamlı analizi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışma, Türkiye’nin özellikle ticaret ve kültürel alanda sergilediği akıllı güç politikaları ekseninde Afrika’ya yönelik geliştirdiği söylemleri; bu söylemlerin ticari ve ekonomik alanlarda getirdiği kazanımları derlemekte ve en nihayetinde Türkiye’nin Afrika’ya ilişkin söylem tutarlılığı ve etkinliğini kavramsal olarak yorumlamaktadır. Sonuç olarak, Türkiye’nin Doğu Afrika’da “bölgesel oyunkurucu” oluşturabilecek bir seviyede söylem ve politika etkinliğine ulaşmış olduğu değerlendirilmektedir.
De la réputation de la FECAFOOT sur les réseaux socio-numériques: fans et contre-discours (janvier 2022-février 2024)
Authors: Tcheutou Léopold Ngodji
Published: April 2024

Cet article apprécie la réputation de la Fédération Camerounaise de Football (FECAFOOT) à travers les interactions discursives entre internautes sur les réseaux socio-numériques notamment Facebook. À partir de la double approche cyber-ethnographique et d’analyse du discours, des figures affirmées de fans et de contre-fans, il est dégagé des niveaux de perception discussive récurrente des internautes (followers) à l’aune des sept (7) indicateurs de mesure de la réputation sur l’échelle RepTrakTM Pulse (le leadership, la performance, les produits/services, l’innovation, l’environnement de travail, la gouvernance et la RSE). Il en ressort que les réseaux socio-numériques constituent des instances pertinentes de mesure de la réputation des organisations à partir du jeu interactif des followers : la réputation de la FECAFOOT et celle de son président connaissent un contre-discours d’environ 48 % contre 43 %. On note que s’il est encore difficile d’évaluer les intentions des partenaires de la FECAFOOT et de ses différentes parties prenantes dans leur relation, il est montré que les réseaux socio-numériques contribuent à son obfuscation ou alors à son assombrissement.
Oculometric responses to high emotional impact advertising stimuli: a comparison with autonomic and self-report measures
Authors: Acconito Carlotta , Rovelli Katia , Angioletti Laura
Published: April 2024

Covid-19 affected people’s social lives and advertising (ADV) behavior. This study used implicit (oculometric and autonomic) and explicit (self-report) measures to understand the consumer’s emotional and attentional involvement with ADV. Twenty participants watched Covid-19- related and neutral ADVs (No-Covid-19 stimuli) in two different exposure orders. Oculometric, autonomic, and self-report data were collected. Participants were randomly divided into two groups that watched Covid stimuli followed by No-Covid stimuli (Order 1) or the opposite (Order 2). Oculometric data showed a decrease in Time to First Fixation, Fixation Count, and Fixation Duration sum for the Covid compared to the No-Covid condition, suggesting the Covid stimuli were more salient. Lower cardiovascular mean values for Covid condition in Order 1 were interpreted as a parasympathetic inhibitory mechanism linked to a potential freezing effect. Self-report data confirmed eye-tracking and autonomic evidence. Given the emotional impact of Covid stimuli, using Covid-themed ADV can be a helpful marketing strategy.
Stochastic parabolic growth promotes coexistence and a relaxed error threshold in RNA-like replicator populations
Authors: Paczkó Mátyás , Szathmáry Eörs , Szilágyi András
Published: April 2024

The RNA world hypothesis proposes that during the early evolution of life, primordial genomes of the first self-propagating evolutionary units existed in the form of RNA-like polymers. Autonomous, non-enzymatic and sustained replication of such information carriers presents a problem, because product formation and hybridization between template and copy strands reduces replication speed. Kinetics of growth is then parabolic with the benefit of entailing competitive coexistence, thereby maintaining diversity. Here, we test the information-maintaining ability of parabolic growth in stochastic multispecies population models under the constraints of constant total population size and chemostat conditions. We find that large population sizes and small differences in the replication rates favor the stable coexistence of the vast majority of replicator species (“genes”), while the error-threshold problem is alleviated relative to exponential amplification. In addition, sequence properties (GC content) and the strength of resource competition mediated by the rate of resource inflow determine the number of coexisting variants, suggesting that fluctuations in building block availability favored repeated cycles of exploration and exploitation. Stochastic parabolic growth could thus have played a pivotal role in preserving viable sequences generated by random abiotic synthesis and providing diverse genetic raw material to the early evolution of functional ribozymes.
Dynamic organization of visual cortical networks inferred from massive spiking datasets
Authors: Graber Colin , Vlasov Yurii , Schwing Alexander
Published: April 2024

Complex cognitive functions in a mammalian brain are distributed across many anatomically and functionally distinct areas and rely on highly dynamic routing of neural activity across the network. While modern electrophysiology methods enable recording of spiking activity from increasingly large neuronal populations at a cellular level, development of probabilistic methods to extract these dynamic inter-area interactions is lagging. Here, we introduce an unsupervised machine learning model that infers dynamic connectivity across the recorded neuronal population from a synchrony of their spiking activity. As opposed to traditional population decoding models that reveal dynamics of the whole population, the model produces cellular-level cell-type specific dynamic functional interactions that are otherwise omitted from analysis. The model is evaluated on ground truth synthetic data and compared to alternative methods to ensure quality and quantification of model predictions. Our strategy incorporates two sequential stages – extraction of static connectivity structure of the network followed by inference of temporal changes of the connection strength. This two-stage architecture enables detailed statistical criteria to be developed to evaluate confidence of the model predictions in comparison with traditional descriptive statistical methods. We applied the model to analyze large-scale in-vivo recordings of spiking activity across mammalian visual cortices. The model enables the discovery of cellular-level dynamic connectivity patterns in local and long-range circuits across the whole visual cortex with temporally varying strength of feedforward and feedback drives during sensory stimulation. Our approach provides a conceptual link between slow brain-wide network dynamics studied with neuroimaging and fast cellular-level dynamics enabled by modern electrophysiology that may help to uncover often overlooked dimensions of the brain code.
Atherosclerosis, gut microbiome, and exercise in a meta-omics perspective: a literature review
Authors: Tang Haotian , Huang Yanqing , Yuan Didi , Liu Junwen
Published: April 2024

Background

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide, significantly impacting public health. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases account for the majority of these deaths, with atherosclerosis marking the initial and most critical phase of their pathophysiological progression. There is a complex relationship between atherosclerosis, the gut microbiome’s composition and function, and the potential mediating role of exercise. The adaptability of the gut microbiome and the feasibility of exercise interventions present novel opportunities for therapeutic and preventative approaches.

Methodology

We conducted a comprehensive literature review using professional databases such as PubMed and Web of Science. This review focuses on the application of meta-omics techniques, particularly metagenomics and metabolomics, in studying the effects of exercise interventions on the gut microbiome and atherosclerosis.

Results

Meta-omics technologies offer unparalleled capabilities to explore the intricate connections between exercise, the microbiome, the metabolome, and cardiometabolic health. This review highlights the advancements in metagenomics and metabolomics, their applications in research, and examines how exercise influences the gut microbiome. We delve into the mechanisms connecting these elements from a metabolic perspective. Metagenomics provides insight into changes in microbial strains post-exercise, while metabolomics sheds light on the shifts in metabolites. Together, these approaches offer a comprehensive understanding of how exercise impacts atherosclerosis through specific mechanisms.

Conclusions

Exercise significantly influences atherosclerosis, with the gut microbiome serving as a critical intermediary. Meta-omics technology holds substantial promise for investigating the gut microbiome; however, its methodologies require further refinement. Additionally, there is a pressing need for more extensive cohort studies to enhance our comprehension of the connection among these element.
Taliban insurgency in Afghanistan: a comparative analysis between 1996 and 2021
Authors: Carvalho Cristiane Sâmia
Published: April 2024

The Taliban's return to power in Afghanistan in 2021 has significant implications for the country, the region, and the international community. The group's past government was marked by human rights abuses and support for terrorism, which raises concerns about their ability to govern effectively and address the country's challenges. Comparing the different approaches taken by the Taliban in 1996 and 2021 to achieve power, as well as the group's behavioral differences in both moments, through their speeches and concern for the image caused abroad, it is possible to notice that the new established government breaks, at least in public image, with the group's stereotype, trying to adapt to the new international scenario, which is very different from the late 1990s. The veracity of the statements made by Taliban representatives in Afghanistan regarding the measures that would be taken and the caution for the maintenance of human rights is not the subject of study in this work. It only seeks to demonstrate the government's intention to establish connections with the international community and the unprecedented concern for the repercussion of their actions abroad. The Taliban's relationship with neighboring countries such as Pakistan, Iran, and China will also shape Afghanistan's future, as well as commercial agreements with countries such as Russia, which can be decisive for managing the Afghan economy (BHATIA, 2021).
Assessing the Efficacy of the Integrated School Program in Taplejung, Koshi Province, Nepal: A Comprehensive Analysis of Educational Impact and Community Engagement
Authors: Chhetri Raju , Thapa Nar Bikram , Lamichhane Prasannata
Published: April 2024

This study aims to assess the changes throughout school education activities in the Taplejung, district of Koshi province in Nepal. The semi-structured interview like Focus Group Discussion, Key Informant Interviews, sample surveys, and direct Observation methods was designed and used to capture the field information during 2022.
The data divulged 92.80 percent respondents are feeling happy after infrastructure development, WASH and digital set up in the schools.  The drop-out rate significantly down by 35 percent compared to the previous years. The school activities, now a days accelerating toward a progressive direction.  The schools have high Graduation rate enrollment from 88 up to 120 percent from the past 2018 to 2020 of class 12. The dropout rate stable and down by 3 to 4 percent, and the distance learning initiatives in 2020 highly prioritized focus on the achievement, and results of 12 students. The community livelihood mode strengthened, as a result of 667 households have been adopted and earning from the coffee farming. The study concluded as the education program support is innovative and useful benefited by the communities and students; However, the long-term sustainability is challenging in coming days.
Application and Management of Nitrogenous Fertilizer in Rice Field: A Review
Authors: Yengkokpam Priyanka , Kumari Purnima , Singh Vyomendra Kumar , Ningthi Keithellakpam Chanu , Dhiman Sunidhi , Chaudhary Manthan , Sharma Rakshita
Published: April 2024

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most significant cereal in the world. Globally, the top rice producing country is China, while India is the world’s second largest producer and the largest exporter of rice in the world. It covers one-third of the total cultivated area in India as it is one of the major staple food crops. The application of nitrogenous fertilizer in crop production system is an important aspect of modern crop management practices and one of the determining factors to increase crop yield and thereby keeping pace with the expanding human population. Rice production can be increased by the application of nitrogenous fertilizer whether organic or inorganic at an appropriate time and place. The fertilizer should be applied in multiple split doses depending on the soil’s nutritional status, crop demand and the sources of nutrients. However, most of the nitrogenous fertilizer applied to rice fields is not taken up by rice plants but instead lost to the environment as ammonia, nitrate and nitrous oxide. The ‘reactive N’ also known as fixed N has a negative impact on human health as well as causes serious environmental problems. Surface runoff, denitrification, ammonium volatilization and leaching should all be managed in order to reduce the nitrogen loss from rice fields. Sustainable and environmentally friendly fertilizer management techniques raise the crop yields and enhance the sustainable soil fertility status. So it is necessary to implement management practices in order to reduce nitrogen losses and increase the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in rice production.
Assessment of Physicochemical Quality and Challenges of Municipal Sewage Water in Manchalapur Village in the Karnataka, India
Authors: Kavitha . , Kulkarni Prasad S.
Published: April 2024

The present study was carried out on characterization of municipal sewage water tank of Manchalapur village near Raichur city in Karnataka.  The water samples were collectedeight times from four different locations like inlet, outlet and water spreading area of the Manchalapur tank during the year 2018-2019 in monsoon and post monsoon season. The collected water samples were analyzed for the water quality parameters by using standard procedure. The results obtained were compared with Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) and Bureau of India Standards (IS 2296:1992) water quality requirements for irrigation. The results showed that pH (7.89, 8.54), Electrical Conductivity (1.41, 1.48 dSm-1), Total Dissolved Solids (929.63, 1031.56 mg L-1), Carbonate (2.15, 0.86 mg L-1), Bicarbonate (7.71,4.99 mg L-1), Nitrate (26.90, 34.09 mg L-1), Phosphate (9.85, 6.20 mg L-1), Calcium (3.38, 2.77 mg L-1), magnesium (5.16, 4.13 mg L-1),  Sodium (0.85, 0.92  mg L-1), Biological Oxygen Demand (1396.88, 1252.31 mg L-1), Chemical Oxygen Demand (14480, 8573.0 mg L-1), Dissolved Oxygen (7.91, 8.02 mg L-1) and turbidity (13.33, 8.77 NTU) for monsoon and post monsoon respectively. All the water quality parameters were within the recommended range of irrigation standards except the parameters BOD, COD, DO and turbidity. The results could be applicable advice to farmers and agricultural researchers for proper management and use of tank water for agricultural purpose.
Performance of Climate Smart Rice (var. CR DHAN 801): A Case Study from Western Undulating Zone of Odisha, India
Authors: Meher Swaraj , Panda Amitabh , Mishra Prasannajit , Majhi Tulasi , Mondal S. K. , Phonlosa Amit
Published: April 2024

This research paper presents a detailed case study conducted in Khairbhadi village of Kalahandi district as a part of the NICRA Project undertaken by Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Kalahandi (OUAT). The study evaluates the performance of the climate-smart rice variety CR DHAN 801 under drought conditions, which is crucial for ensuring food security in regions prone to water scarcity. To assess its effectiveness, the study employed a randomized block design, comparing CR DHAN 801 with two other rice varieties, namely MTU-1001 and Jamuna. The results obtained from the study indicated that CR DHAN 801 consistently outperformed the other two varieties across multiple parameters. This superiority is evident in growth parameters, yield attributes, economic viability, and resilience to water scarcity. CR DHAN 801 exhibited robust growth characteristics, optimal yield potential, and economic viability, making it a promising choice for cultivation in drought-prone regions. These findings underscore the significance of CR DHAN 801 as a resilient climate-smart variety highlighting its potential to contribute significantly to agricultural sustainability and resilience in areas facing water scarcity challenges.
Impact of Paddy Straw Incorporation along with Different Fertilizer Doses on Mineral N Dynamics and GHG Emissions
Authors: Ravali Ch. , Jayasree G. , Reddy K. Sammi , Pratibha G. , Triveni S.
Published: April 2024

Aim: An incubation experiment was conducted, which aimed to investigate NH4+ and NO3- release pattern and GHG emissions as influenced by paddy residue decomposition over 120 days.
Study Design: Completely randomized block design.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at Agrometerology laboratory, CRIDA, Hyderabad. The experiment was conducted between 2021-22.
Methodology: Sampling was performed at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105 and 120 days after incubation (DAI). The treatments included control (T1), soil + N (T2), paddy residue + 100% RDN (Recommended dose of Nitrogen) - 33:33:33 (T3), paddy residue + 100% RDN - 43:23:33 (T4), paddy residue + 100% RDN - 43:33:23 (T5), paddy residue + 10% extra RDN - 43:23:33 (T6). Fertilizer N was applied in three splits (first at initiation of experiment, second and third at 30 and 60 DAI respectively). RDN used in the study was 240 kg ha-1 (i.e., maize).
Results: Residue incorporation along with inorganic fertilizer significantly influenced NH4+ - N and NO3- - N, as well as GHG emissions. After addition of each split, there was an increase in NH4+ - N and NO3- - N contents. Significantly higher NH4+ - N and NO3- - N was recorded in T6, compared to other treatments. The cumulative CO2 and N2O emissions were significantly higher in paddy residue + 10 % extra RDN – 43:23:33 i.e., 296.63 µg C g-1 of soil and 1.81 µg N g-1 of soil respectively, while lowest (42.59 µg C g-1 of soil and 0.09 µg N g-1 of soil respectively) was observed in control.
Regulation of Summer Season Flowering to Enhance the Flowering and Physical Parameters of Mrig Bahar in Guava (Psidium guajava l.) Cv. Lucknow-49 under Sodic Soil
Authors: Singh Rahul , Kumar Ashok , Tiwari Saurabh , Mishra Divyansh , Yadav Garima , Maurya Aman kumar , Sonkar Abhishek , Kumar Dhananjay , Sachan Dhruvendra Singh
Published: April 2024

The present investigation entitled “Regulation of summer season flowering to enhance the Flowering and physical parameters of mrig bahar in guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. Lucknow-49 under sodic soil” was carried out at Production Processing of Usar Waste Land Akma, Department of Fruit Science, Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Narendra Nagar (Kumarganj), Ayodhya (U.P.) during 2021-22. The experiment was conducted in a Randomized Block Design with three replications and ten treatments. The treatments were Urea (15, 20 and 25%), NAA (75, 150 and 225 ppm), 2,4-D (20, 40 and 60 ppm) and control applied on second week of April. The results denoted that all the treatments were emphatic in summer deblossoming and enhanced the physical attribute of fruits throughout both season over the control, however, maximum yield per plant, maximum no. of fruits per plant, maximum fruit set percentage and minimum flower drop percentage was recorded with control in rainy season. The profitable effects of the treatments tried were observed to be more prominent in winter season crop than the rainy season crop. Among the treatments, deblossoming with Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) 225 ppm showed maximum enhancement in Flowering characters viz. Percent flower drop (%), Percent fruit set (%) and fruit physical characters viz. Number of fruits per plant, fruit length (cm), width (cm), weight (g), fruit yield per plant (kg/tree) over the control in winter season as well as in rainy season crop.
Management of Dental Health Services in Selected Upazila Health Complex
Authors: Sanda Samina Akter , Haque Rubena , Shipa Mst. Fatiha Eyasmin , Bose Lita
Published: April 2024

Objective: To find out the status of the management of dental health services in selected Upazila Health Complex.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted between January 2022 and December 2022 at Three Upazila Health Complex (UHC) in Mymensingh District. The study aimed to assess the management of dental health services. A total of 368 respondents, comprising 35 service providers and 333 service receivers, were selected using a convenient sampling method. Relevant data were collected through a pretested semi-structured questionnaire, and an observation checklist was used to identify the available facilities. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22.
Results: Out of 35 service providers, 51.4% recommended the need for an adequate supply of gloves and masks. 80% of them expressed concern over the inadequate number of service providers, while 68.6% suggested an increase in manpower. Additionally, 17.1% of service providers suggested ensuring an adequate supply of instruments and materials.
Among the 333 service receivers, 45% reported being consulted and referred to a referral system. All service receivers would recommend their family, friends, and relatives to visit the UHC for dental health services. Furthermore, 79.9% of service receivers were satisfied with their treatment.
However, 75.6% of service receivers did not receive test facilities, 53.2% did not receive all prescribed medicines, and 85.9% did not receive dental health education. About 23.37% of service receivers recommended providing all types of treatment, and 22.28% recommended ensuring an adequate supply of all drugs.
Unfortunately, there were no emergency generators and wheelchairs available for severely ill and aged patient.
Conclusion: Continuous improvement is necessary to achieve the ideal dental service. This improvement can be achieved through the enhancement of facilities, utilization of modern equipment, adequate manpower, in-service training, and other means to improve the overall management of dental health services under the Upazila Health Complex (UHC).