bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Methodological Notes on Visual Ethics: “Choosing Not to Reveal”
Authors:   Hungarian Academy of Sciences, MTA-SZTE “Convivence” Religious Pluralism Research Group, Hungary, POVEDÁK Kinga
Published: November 2022

In this paper, I present my ethical dilemma concerning a secret police case rich in surveillance images that I encountered during the course of my research in the Historical Archives of the Hungarian State Security (ÁBTL). After reading the operative file of a religious community under surveillance during the 1980s, I decided to approach the group, discuss the images and texts I had found about them, and involve them in the research process. However, the group expressed their explicit intention not to engage in the research process. Even though the guidelines and legal framework regarding the publishing of secret police archival materials would allow me to publish the images and the content of the ÁBTL dossier, I decided to respect the religious community’s intention and their refusal to collaborate. I therefore discuss issues of different ethical standards and accountability in the light of my “failed” ethnographic attempt and reflect on the ethical responsibility of the researcher. I present how the visual images of this particular case file were eventually included in an exhibition in what I see as an ethically appropriate solution to articulate issues of distrust in researchers as a legacy of surveillance and past secret police atrocities.
La mobilisation des recettes fiscales dans la ville de Kikwit. Défis et perspectives
Authors: Kilolo Rodrigue Tshwana
Published: November 2022

La ville de Kikwit étant une entité territoriale décentralisée, son développement est impérieusement soumis à la mobilisation effective des recettes fiscales qui demeurent incontestablement la première source de financement de ses actions. Il découle de cette affirmation que la mobilisation des recettes fiscales alloue à la ville de Kikwit des ressources financières essentielles pouvant lui permettre d’exécuter son programme de développement et de faire face à des multiples défis confondus. En effet, la République Démocratique du Congo soucieuse de voir le développement harmonieux de la population à partir de la base devenir une réalité, a créé des centres d’impulsions pouvant porter ce but légitime. Ce sont les entités infra étatiques dotées de la personnalité juridique et jouissant de l’autonomie financière et de gestion parmi lesquelles nous citons la ville de Kikwit que nous avons fait l’étude monographique sur la question de l’effectivité de la mobilisation de ses recettes fiscales. Cette mobilisation trouve ses racines dans la Constitution congolaise du 18 février 2006 et dans la loi-organique n° 08/016 du 07octobre 2008 portant composition, organisation et fonctionnement des entités territoriales décentralisées et leurs rapports avec l’Etat et la province. Dans cette démarche, nous avons relevé différents défis qui constituent la négation de cette mobilisation, dont la responsabilité est partagée entre la population avec faible participation, l’administration fiscale qui fait preuve d’un certain laxisme et les autorités de la ville qui continuent à suffoquer l’argent du contribuable Kikwitois. Face à ces défis, nous avons apporté des solutions aux fins de réussir cette mobilisation pour la prospérité de la population kikwitoise.
Memberikan Pengetahuan Tentang Bantuan Hukum Bagi Masyarakat yang Tidak Mampu (Prodeo)
Authors: Afrido Hidayah  , Nurul Hikmah Sinaga  , Dinda Aprilia  , Sri Wahyuni  , Cindy Agusyanti  , Dini Julia Putri  , Zulaikha Azizah  , Yovita Dwi Ananda  , Alif Wahid Kamal
Published: November 2022

This journal contains free legal aid that is socialized to the people of Tanjung Rambutan Village. This socialization aims to provide knowledge about the law and also get free legal aid to the underprivileged. The approach method used is a discussion approach with the community regarding legal aid. As for the results of this socialization, the recipient of legal aid is any person or group of poor people who cannot fulfill their basic rights properly and independently. The basic rights in question are the right to food, clothing, health services, education, work and work, and/or housing.
On What We Owe in Attention
Authors: Anderson Charity ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: November 2022

A central aim of Sandy Goldberg’s project is to defend a fundamentally epistemic source of normative conversational pressure—one which does not reduce to the interpersonal dimension. A second core aim is to provide an explanation of how expectations are generated by the performances within a conversation. This essay raises several challenges for chapter 2 of his book, ‘Your Attention Please!.’ From various angles, the essay challenges the central idea of that chapter: namely, that by the act of address, a speaker generates an obligation for a hearer to attend to the speaker.
Entitled to Attention? Cooperativity, Context, and Standing
Authors: Flowerree A. K. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: November 2022

Attention is a finite, morally significant good. Attention is a precondition for healthy human relationships, and its absence can wrong others by cutting them off from vital human goods. At the same time, human persons have limited powers of attention. And so the question arises, when does someone legitimately command my attention? In Conversational Pressure (2020), Sanford Goldberg argues that the competent speaker has a default entitlement to normatively expect the addressee to attend, even if only for a short while. If the addressee fails to attend, the speaker is wronged. I argue that the conditions under which attention is owed to another are more restricted than Goldberg allows, and are sensitive to context and standing.
Revision of the tribe Pogonini (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechinae) from the Ibero-Balearic region
Authors: Muñoz-Santiago José , Ortuño Vicente M.
Published: November 2022

In the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands, Pogonini (Coleoptera, Carabidae) is the least species-rich tribe of Trechinae. Nevertheless, the taxon is relatively poorly studied in this territory, and the available records are mostly published in old and/or faunistic works. The present study provides a taxonomic revision of the 3 genera and 11 species of Pogonini occurring in the Ibero-Balearic region, with an identification key, diagnoses and illustrations of their external morphology and aedeagus. The chorology of the species was also studied, and was assessed by obtaining precise records from published papers and the collection localities of the examined material. These data were used to make updated distribution maps (with several new occurrence points) that reveal a strong regionalization of the tribe in the Ibero-Balearic territory. The species occur in humid and saline environments, especially along the meridional and Mediterranean coasts of the Iberian Peninsula and in inner arid localities of eastern Spain. This result agrees with the widely accepted halobiont condition of the group. However, sampling bias must be considered, and new records are expected to be provided from future revisions of collections and new samplings.
Metrics of a space with linear connection which is not semi-symmetric
Authors: Shevchenko Yu. I. , Vyalova A.V.
Published: November 2022

It is well-known Levi-Chivita’s construction of object for affine connection (in modern terminology — linear connection) by the field of non-degenerate metric on a smooth manifold. An inverse problem (a construction of metric by given linear connection) is solved ambiguously, besides, the metric may turn out to be degenerate and indefinite. On the one hand, two metrics differing in a sign are obviously build: by curvature tensor contractionwith subsequent symmetrization. Оn the other hand, Vranceanu’s metric is a double contraction of multiplication of a torsion tensor’s components. In this paper Levi-Chivita’s inverse problem is solved in other way using the field of connection object. It is proved that in the general case, when the linear connection is not semi-symmetric, six metrics can be constructed. In the special case, when the linear connection is semi-symmetric (in particular, torsion-free), the constructed metrics vanish. The investigation is done on a semi-holonomic smooth manifold by means of two prolongation its structure equations.
On some extension of the second order tangent space for a smooth manifold
Authors: Polyakova K.V.
Published: November 2022

This paper relates to differential geometry, and the research technique is based on G. F. Laptev’s method of extensions and envelopments, which generalizes E. Cartan’s method of moving frame and exterior forms. We consider a smooth m-dimensional manifold, its tangent and cotangent spaces, as well as the second-order frames and coframes on this manifold. Using the perturbation of the exterior derivative and ordinary diffe­ren­tial, mappings are introduced that enable us to construct non-sym­met­rical second-order frames and coframes on a smooth manifold. It is shown that the extension of the second order tangent space to a smooth m-dimen­sional manifold is carried out by adding the vertical vectors to the linear frame bundle over the manifold to the second order tangent vectors to this manifold. A deformed external differential is widely used, which is a differen­tial, i. e., its reapplication vanishes. We introduce a deformed external dif­ferential being a differential along the curves on the manifold, i. e., its re­peated application along the curves on the manifold gives zero.
A Socio-Ecological Framework for Research in Mathematics Education
Authors: Louie Nicole , Zhan Wan-Yue
Published: November 2022

This Research Commentary responds to the March 2022 issue of JRME. To discuss the four articles in the issue across their diverse approaches to equity, the authors propose a socio-ecological framework for mapping research in mathematics education. The framework focuses on the layers of social activity that each study addresses, both analytically and with respect to implications. Using their analysis of the articles in the issue, the authors identify strengths in mathematics education research and areas in which more work is needed.
A Spiritual Turn: Toward Desire-Based Research and Indigenous Futurity in Mathematics Education
Authors: Gutiérrez Rochelle
Published: November 2022

The practice of futurity within Indigenous communities has existed since time immemorial, with past, present, and future intertwined and with a focus on (re)membering and healing. As futurity becomes more popular in mainstream venues, it raises questions about how it will affect mathematics education (research). This Commentary makes an argument for desire-based research frameworks and Indigenous futurity praxis as key components of a spiritual turn, somewhat distinct from the sociopolitical turn our field took about a decade ago. I analyze some of the equity issues that arose in the March 2022 issue of JRME, raise three important questions to consider in our research, and offer suggestions so that we may embrace a spiritual turn.
Supporting SEL Competencies with Number Talks
Authors: Joswick Candace , Taylor Crystal N.
Published: November 2022

We show how PK–2 teachers can integrate social and emotional learning competencies in Number Talks to increase positive behaviors and mathematics learning.
Keeping Your Finger on the Pulse of SEL
Authors: Hinestroza José Martínez , Abreu Vanessa
Published: November 2022

Children analyzed data to read their bodies and manage their emotions. To avoid controlling children’s bodies and emotions, the authors encourage teachers to embrace children’s unanticipated responses.
Increasing soybean productivity by plant equidistant arrangements and modification of technology levels of cropping systems
Authors: Silva Rodrigo Rocha , Macedo Willian Rodrigues
Published: November 2022

The arrangement of soybean plants defines their ability to recognize the environment and improve their abiotic and biotic interactions with it. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of planting arrangements associated to two distinct crop systems (high technological level or conventional crop level) for the soybean varieties 8473 RSF and AS 3730, to evaluate the plant performance and productivity in the field. A double factorial scheme was used with two varieties and six spatial arrangements. Two experiments were conducted during the 2017–2018 crop season: the first was based on standard cultivation of the Brazilian Cerrado (without irrigation systems and adequate fertilizer), whereas the second utilized high technology (irrigation systems and increased fertilizer). The morphophysiological parameters, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), leaf pigment content and crop yield parameters were evaluated. Our study pointed out the positive responses for both cultivated varieties and two technological levels adopted cultivated under equidistant arrangement and high density. The leaf area index, leaf pigment content, NDVI, and crop production showed substantial responses under different equidistant arrangements. Therefore, this procedure requires adjustments in the level of cultivation technology and identification of the most suitable soybean variety.
Multivariate analysis as a tool in the initial selections of golden flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)
Authors: Fioreze Ana Carolina da Costa Lara , Parizotto Cirio , Orsi Nicole , Konkol Ana Caroline Basniak
Published: November 2022

The genetic variability in plant populations can be estimated through multivariate analysis, which allows to analyze the genotypes based on a set of traits to identify the traits with the greatest influence for the divergence and the correlation between them. In this sense, the objective of the present work was to estimate the genetic divergence between golden flax lines using multivariate analysis for initial plant selections. For this purpose, 73 lines, in addition to the control, were tested in a randomized complete block design, with three replications, and traits of cycle, stature, and yield were measured. Twelve groups were obtained based on the Mahalanobis distance estimate and Tocher cluster, and the technical length was the most important trait for the dissimilarity. The line of group XI was promising, with early maturation and satisfactory seed productivity. The graphic of dispersion of the canonical variables showed the most divergent lines, and the greatest divergence was observed between groups III and IV. Multivariate analysis was an important tool for the initial choice of superior golden flax.
Characterization of rice genotypes used in Brazil regarding salinity tolerance at the seedling stage
Authors: Oliveira Victoria Freitas de , Maltzahn Latóia Eduarda , Viana Vívian Ebeling , Venske Eduardo , Maia Luciano Carlos da , Oliveira Antonio Costa de , Pegoraro Camila
Published: November 2022

Rice production (Oryza sativa L.) is among the most economically important activities in the world. However, soil and salinity coming from irrigation water reduce rice yield. Therefore, the identification and/or development of salt-tolerant rice genotypes is a strategy to minimize this problem. The development of new genotypes depends on the presence of genetic diversity, and understanding the heritability of a desired trait can help in the selection process. Thus, this study aimed to identify superior genotypes, analyze the genetic diversity and estimate the heritability for salinity tolerance at the seedling stage in rice genotypes used in Brazil. For this, seedlings of 69 genotypes were kept in hydroponic solution with 40 mM NaCl (4 dSm-1) for seven days. Shoot length, root length, shoot dry weight, and root dry weight) were evaluated and the results were converted into relative performance. Tolerant and moderately salt-tolerant genotypes were identified at the seedling stage, which can be used in breeding programs and can be cultivated in high salinity areas. Principal component analysis showed the presence of genetic diversity for salinity response. Finally, it was shown that most of the observed variation is of genetic origin, which can make the breeding process less difficult.
Interferência e nível de dano econômico de papuã em feijoeiro em função da densidade de plantas
Authors: Galon Leandro , Biachessi Felipe , Bagnara Maico André Michelon , Tosso Janaina de Oliveira , Toni Josiel Ricardo , Weirich Sabrina Natalia , Dill Jaqueline Mara , Brandler Daiani , Perin Gismael Francisco
Published: November 2022

O estudo da densidade de semeadura do feijoeiro e do nível de dano econômico (NDE) ocasionado pelo papuã (Urochloa plantaginea) são ferramentas importantes para a adoção do manejo integrado dessa planta daninha e, assim, produzir um alimento com maior qualidade e menor resíduo de agrotóxico. Diante disso, objetivou-se com o trabalho avaliar a interferência e o nível de dano econômico do papuã em competição com o feijoeiro, estimados em função de densidades de semeadura da cultura e da planta daninha. Os tratamentos foram compostos por densidades do feijoeiro, cultivar IPR Uirapuru (140.000, 180.000, 220.000 e 260.000 plantas ha-1) e do papuã que variaram de 0 até o máximo de 104 plantas m-2. O experimento foi implantado em um Latossolo Vermelho Aluminoférrico típico na área experimental da Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, campus Erechim/RS, em 31/10/2016. Para descrever a relação entre a perda de produtividade de grãos do feijoeiro e as variáveis explicativas; densidade de plantas (DP), cobertura do solo (CS), área foliar (AF) e massa seca da parte aérea (MS), usou-se o modelo da hipérbole retangular. As variáveis CS e DP podem ser usadas em substituição a AF e a MS para estimar as perdas de produtividades de grãos do foeijoeiro. A densidade de 260.000 plantas ha-1 do feijoeiro apresentou maior competitividade com o papuã e os maiores valores de NDEs, justificando a adoção de medidas de controle da planta daninha em densidades mais elevadas.
Weed management and fertilization limit the potential of cassava productivity in subtropical environment
Authors: Cardoso Paula de Souza , Alves Alexandre Ferigolo , Friedrich Eduardo Daniel , Tironi Luana Fernandes , Ulguim André da Rosa , Streck Nereu Augusto , Zanon Alencar Junior
Published: November 2022

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the response to fertilization and different weed control periods in the accumulation of dry matter of cassava leaves, stems, roots, and fresh mass roots yield. Two experiments were carried out on commercial fields in Ibarama, and Santa Maria municipalities located at the Rio Grande do Sul State, South Brazil, during the 2018/2019 growing season. Five treatments, varying chemical fertilizer applications and herbicides were used to represent management practices commonly used by farmers in Southern Brazil. The Simanihot process-based model simulated cassava growth, development, and productivity under potential conditions. Results show that the recommended dose of fertilizers and liming combined with pre-emergent herbicide and three mechanical weed clear management showed a 72% increase in root productivity compared to the management used by the average yield of smallholder farmers. Therefore, it is possible to reach 80% of the potential productivity by keeping the cassava crop free from weed interference and applying fertilizers. The presence of weeds during the first 100 days after planting reduced about 50% of the plant dry matter production in Ibarama and Santa Maria. Interestingly, it also affects 79.2% of fresh roots productivity in Ibarama.
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the response to fertilization and different weed control periods in the accumulation of dry matter of cassava leaves, stems, roots, and fresh mass roots yield. Two experiments were carried out on commercial fields in Ibarama, and Santa Maria municipalities located at the Rio Grande do Sul State, South Brazil, during the 2018/2019 growing season. Five treatments, varying chemical fertilizer applications and herbicides were used to represent management practices commonly used by farmers in Southern Brazil. The Simanihot process-based model simulated cassava growth, development, and productivity under potential conditions. Results show that the recommended dose of fertilizers and liming combined with pre-emergent herbicide and three mechanical weed clear management showed a 72% increase in root productivity compared to the management used by the average yield of smallholder farmers. Therefore, it is possible to reach 80% of the potential productivity by keeping the cassava crop free from weed interference and applying fertilizers. The presence of weeds during the first 100 days after planting reduced about 50% of the plant dry matter production in Ibarama and Santa Maria. Interestingly, it also affects 79.2% of fresh roots productivity in Ibarama.
Management of Myzus persicae with leaves of Jatropha curcas and Ricinus communis in different vegetative stages
Authors: Holtz Anderson , Stinguel Priscila , Ataide Julielson , Aguiar Ronilda Lana , Piffer Ana Beatriz Mamedes , Magnago Ariana
Published: November 2022

Although chemical insecticides are successfully used in agriculture, several problems may be related to their indiscriminate use. This has encouraged the development of alternative methods for pest insect control and societal pressure for pesticide-free products. The jatropha (J. curcas) and castor bean (Ricinus communis) are plants that have shown insecticidal potential. Thus, the objective of this work was to study the effects of leaves of R. communis and J. curcas of different ages on the cabbage aphid (Myzus persicae). Five solution concentrations and five leaf types were used. Each treatment consisted of ten individuals M. persicae, kept in Petri dishes (10.0 x 1.2 cm), about kale leaf discs. Each Petri dish was considered a repeat, totaling ten. An airbrush connected to a compressor calibrated at constant pressure and 5 mL of solution per repetition was used for direct application. The cabbage discs were immersed in the different treatments for five seconds and offered to aphids in the indirect application. For both tests, evaluations were performed 72 hours after application. Data were submitted to linear regression analysis and means test. There was an interaction between the application type, leaf type, and concentrations for both plants. We argue that at their different ages, jatropha and castor bean leaves have insecticidal potential in the management of M. persicae.
Água de chuva de telhados: perspectivas da qualidade de água e potencial uso em áreas rurais
Authors: Sampaio Carlos Augusto de Paiva , Terezo Rodrigo Figueiredo , Ide Gilberto Massashi , Spanholi Carolina Antoniazzi , Matos Felipe Martins , Burgardt Tiago
Published: November 2022

Água da chuva pode ser captada de diferentes telhados de construções rurais e esta pode ser armazenada para múltiplos propósitos dependendo de sua qualidade. Esta nota técnica relata a avaliação da água da chuva coletada diretamente da atmosfera e após passar por quatro tipos de telhados que são: de cerâmica francesa (telhado1/prédio da escola de Agronomia), de fibrocimento (telhado2/galpão de máquinas agrícolas), de cerâmica francesa (telhado3/instalação para ovinos) e de cerâmica francesa (telhado4/instalação para suínos), localizados no Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Lages/SC. Os parâmetros analisados foram pH, cor, turbidez, oxigênio dissolvido, coliformes totais e termotolerantes. Os resultados mostraram que o pH da água da chuva “in natura” foi variável e abaixo de 7,0 com pH (médio) de 6,02, que após passar pelos telhados houve aumento do pH (médio) para 6,34 (telhado1), 6,90 (telhado2), 7,14 (telhado3) e 6,50 (telhado4) e com variações também nos parâmetros turbidez, oxigênio dissolvido e de coliformes. Desta forma, a água de chuva apresenta potencial em ser utilizada para fins não potáveis, sendo então aconselhado seu uso sem tratamento para limpeza dos ambientes próximos destas construções rurais, bem como a irrigação de árvores e plantas ornamentais, entre outros.
From one body to another
Authors: Clavandier Gaëlle , Berthod Marc-Antoine , Charrier Philippe , Julier-Costes Martin , Pagnamenta Veronica
Published: November 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought about an unprecedented global crisis. To limit the spread of the virus and the associated excess mortality, states and governing bodies have produced a series of regulations and recommendations from a health perspective. The funerary aspects of these directives have reconfigured not only the ways in which the process of dying can be accompanied, but also the management of dead bodies, impacting on the dying, their relatives and professionals in the sector. Since March 2020, the entire process of separation and farewell has been affected, giving rise to public debates about funeral restrictions and the implications for mourning. We carried out a study in France and Switzerland to measure the effects of this crisis, and in particular to explore whether it has involved a shift from a funerary approach to a strictly mortuary one. Have the practices that would normally be observed in non-pandemic times been irrevocably altered? Does this extend to all deaths? Has there been a switch to an exclusively technical handling? Are burial practices still respected? The results of the present study pertain to the ‘first wave’ of spring 2020 and focus on the practices of professionals working in the funeral sector.
The necropolitical spectrum
Authors: Iturriaga Nicole , Denman Derek S.
Published: November 2022

This article sets forth a theoretical framework that first argues that
necropolitical power and sovereignty should be understood as existing on a
spectrum that ultimately produces the phenomenon of surplus
death – such as pandemic deaths or those disappeared by the state. We
then expound this framework by juxtaposing the necropolitical negligence of the
COVID-19 pandemic with the violence of forced disappearances to argue that the
surplus dead have the unique capacity to create political change and reckonings,
due to their embodied power and agency. Victims of political killings and
disappearance may not seem to have much in common with victims of disease, yet
focusing on the mistreatment of the dead in both instances reveals uncanny
patterns and similarities. We demonstrate that this overlap, which aligns in key
ways that are particularly open to use by social actors, provides an entry to
comprehend the agency of the dead to incite political reckonings with the
violence of state action and inaction.
Huddled masses
Authors: Raudon Sally
Published: November 2022

When drone footage emerged of New York City’s COVID-19 casualties being
buried by inmates in trenches on Hart Island, the images became a key symbol for
the pandemic: the suddenly soaring death toll, authorities’ struggle to
deal with overwhelming mortality and widespread fear of anonymous, isolated
death. The images shocked New Yorkers, most of whom were unaware of Hart Island,
though its cemetery operations are largely unchanged since it opened over 150
years ago, and about one million New Yorkers are buried there. How does Hart
Island slip in and out of public knowledge for New Yorkers in a cycle of
remembering and forgetting – and why is its rediscovery shocking? Perhaps
the pandemic, understood as a spectacular event, reveals what has been there,
though unrecognised, all along.
Public History Meets Humanitarian Communication
Authors: Kunkel Sönke
Published: November 2022

Interpreting Red Cross museums as a visual medium, this essay explores the visual
politics of Red Cross museums through the twentieth century. The essay puts
particular emphasis on the entanglements between the visual politics and
humanitarian narratives of Red Cross museums and identifies three major
narratives that museums promoted through the times: a heroic narrative, a
narrative of civility, and a volunteer’s narrative. Last, the essay
argues that Red Cross museums may offer a fruitful field to encourage more
engagement between (public) historians and humanitarian practitioners.
The Status of English Modals Prior to Their Recategorization as T and the Trigger for Their Recategorization
Authors: Castillo Concha
Published: November 2022

This is an account of English modals that invokes their exceptional morpho-syntactic tense properties as original preterite-present verbs in order to explain their becoming T elements. Within the framework of minimalist theory, I argue that modal verbs in OE and ME (up to approx. 1470) have an exceptional syntactic status that con- sists in that they merge directly under v, whereas strong verbs merge as a stem-by-default prior to v, and weak verbs merge as a root with a vowel-by-default also prior to v. Modals necessarily differ from both strong verbs and weak verbs in their τ–licensing, whereas they share with the latter (with both strong verbs and weak verbs) φ–licensing. A specific Probe of T is in charge of the latter for all verbs in the language. Modals pass on to merge directly under T when v ceases to be a locus of interpretable τ–features. A symptom that v loses such a capacity is the loss of the Pret.1/Pret.2 ablaut distinction.
Measurement and analysis of Debye relaxation dynamics of n-propanol, n-butanol and n-octanol
Authors: Wang Li-Na , Zhao Xing-Yu , Shang Jie-Ying , Zhou Heng-Wei ,   Xinjiang Laboratory of Phase Transitions and Microstructures in Condensed Matters, College of Physical Science and Technology, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, China
Published: November 2022

Monohydroxy alcohol has a Debye relaxation process that other liquids usually do not have, and with the further research, some new phenomena and new problems related to the process have been gradually discovered, deepening the understanding of material structure and dynamics. In order to further investigate the dynamics of Debye relaxation processes and the influence of molecular constitutions on them, the Debye processes of three primary alcohols without branched chains or side groups are studied by dielectric spectroscopy method, and some important information about the processes is revealed. A number of dynamic parameters of Debye relaxation in n-propanol, n-butanol and n-octanol almost all increase linearly with the rising of the number of carbon atoms in the molecules, which include the characteristic temperature, the reciprocal of Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann (VFT) temperature, the strength parameter of Debye process, the activation energy and the logarithm of the intrinsic vibration frequency of relaxation units under high temperature limit. However, the values of VFT temperatures change little and have consistency, illustrating that the relaxation units of Debye processes in these three monohydroxy alcohols should be the same, further verifying the view that the Debye relaxation originates from the hydroxyl groups in hydrogen bonded molecular chains. Comparing Boiling temperatures and melting temperatures of those samples with the evolution of the above activation energy, it is shown that there is a positive correlation between the interaction among hydrogen bonds and the whole one among molecules. In addition, combining the information about the strength parameter with that from the relevant theories, a possible perspective is gained for further investigation of liquid fragility. The comparison of those three samples with ethanol displays that the degree of separation of Debye relaxation and α relaxation is influenced by the molecular chain length, which can provide a breakthrough point to explore Debye relaxation. These results in this work will promote the further understanding and research of Debye relaxation in monohydroxy alcohols, and also provide experimental information for relevant theories.
Non-coding RNAs in drug and radiation resistance of bone and soft-tissue sarcoma: a systematic review
Authors: Chen Huan-Huan , Zhang Tie-Ning , Zhang Fang-Yuan , Zhang Tao
Published: November 2022

Background:

Sarcomas comprise approximately 1% of all human malignancies; treatment resistance is one of the major reasons for the poor prognosis of sarcomas. Accumulating evidence suggests that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including miRNAs, long ncRNAs, and circular RNAs, are important molecules involved in the crosstalk between resistance to chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and radiotherapy via various pathways.

Methods:

We searched the PubMed (MEDLINE) database for articles regarding sarcoma-associated ncRNAs from inception to August 17, 2022. Studies investigating the roles of host-derived miRNAs, long ncRNAs, and circular RNAs in sarcoma were included. Data relating to the roles of ncRNAs in therapeutic regulation and their applicability as biomarkers for predicting the therapeutic response of sarcomas were extracted. Two independent researchers assessed the quality of the studies using the Würzburg Methodological Quality Score (W-MeQS).

Results:

Observational studies revealed the ectopic expression of ncRNAs in sarcoma patients who had different responses to antitumor treatments. Experimental studies have confirmed crosstalk between cellular pathways pertinent to chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and radiotherapy resistance. Of the included studies, W-MeQS scores ranged from 3 to 10 (average score = 5.42). Of the 12 articles that investigated ncRNAs as biomarkers, none included a validation cohort. Selective reporting of the sensitivity, specificity, and receiver operating curves was common.

Conclusions:

Although ncRNAs appear to be good candidates as biomarkers for predicting treatment response and therapeutics for sarcoma, their differential expression across tissues complicates their application. Further research regarding their potential for inhibiting or activating these regulatory molecules to reverse treatment resistance may be useful.

Funding:

This study’s literature retrieval was supported financially by the 345 Talent Project of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University (M0949 to Tao Zhang).
Gravfunn på Hov gård
Authors: Roth Niemi Anja
Published: November 2022

I forbindelse med registrering på Hov gård på Gimsøya i Lofoten høsten 2020 kom det fram skjelettdeler fra et menneskes underkropp. Ved Universitetsmuseets utgravning seinere samme år ble det dokumentert en godt bevart og tilnærmet uforstyrret halv grav, som omfattet overkroppen. Den døde har vært plassert liggende på siden med overkropp og ansiktet vendt delvis oppover og beina trukket opp. Kroppen var tildekket av et tynt lag trevirke eller en matte av neverflak. Grava tilhørte en mann som døde da han var mellom 25 og 34 år. Dødsårsaken er ukjent. Han har hatt et brudd i nedre del av ryggen, som kan ha gitt en del smerter. Kostholdet var sterkt innrettet mot maritime ressurser, og har trolig omfattet sjøpattedyr som sel. Gravgodset inneholdt en øks, to kniver, en kam, ildflint og en mulig holk/fal fra spyd. Grava er datert til merovingertid og første halvdel av 700-tallet, primært ut fra typologiske trekk ved gjenstandsmaterialet.  Det antas at mannen i grava tilhørte den ledende familien på gården og derigjennom det øvre samfunnslaget på Gimsøya. Han har trolig nytt en relativt høy status lokalt, men inngikk neppe i det øvre aristokratiet i regionen.
Research agendas for alcohol policymaking in the wider world
Authors: Room Robin , Laslett Anne-Marie , Miller Mia , Waleewong Orratai , Assanangkornchai Sawitri , Beccaria Franca , Benegal Vivek , Borges Guilherme , Gmel Gerhard , Graham Kathryn , Hao Wei , Mäkelä Pia , Morojele Neo , Hanh Hoang Thi My , Obot Isidore , O'Brien Paula , Pinsky Ilana , Sornpaisarn Bundit , Stockwell Tim
Published: November 2022

From comparisons of World Health Organization statistics, it is clear that people in lower-income countries experience more harms per litre of alcohol and different types of harms compared to those from higher-income countries. Yet studies in higher-income countries dominate research on policies to prevent alcohol problems. The paper reports on results of collaborative work to map priority areas for research relevant to low- and middle-income countries. Research focus areas were identified and discussed among potential coauthors from diverse fields with relevant knowledge, with agreement reached on an initial list of seven research priority areas.  Areas identified include: (1) the effects of choices (e.g., national vs. local, monopoly vs. licensing system) in organising the alcohol market; (2)  involvement/separation of alcohol industry interests in decisions on public health regulation; (3) options and effectiveness of global agreements on alcohol governance; (4) choices and experience in controlling unrecorded alcohol; (5) means of decreasing harm from men’s drinking to family members; (6) strategies for reducing the effects of poverty on drinking’s role in harms; and (7) measuring and addressing key alcohol-induced low-and middle-income country (LMIC) health harms: infectious diseases, injuries, digestive diseases. Paths ahead for such research are briefly outlined.
Evaluation of Greengram (Vigna radiata L.) Germplasm for Seed Yield and Yield Related Traits through Cluster Analysis
Authors: Sridhar V. , Sriram A. , Rao S. Srinivasa , Gopal G. Venu
Published: November 2022

An investigation was conducted at the Agricultural Research Station, Madhira during the rabi, 2017-18 to study the genetic divergence and clustering pattern among 39 greengram germplasm accessions in Randomized Block Design (RBD) replicated twice for eight quantitative traits. Principal component analysis revealed that the first three principal components-PC I, PC II, and PC III—contributed about 83.95% of the variation for the understudied genotypes. According to a cluster analysis, genotypes can be divided into seven different groups, with cluster I being the largest with a maximum of 27 genotypes. Cluster III is second largest with 5 genotypes, and cluster II is third with 3 genotypes. The mono genotypic cluster indicated by genotypes IC-436634, IC-426458, IC-261272 and WGG-42 indicates the presence of diversity for generating variability through hybridization. The maximum distance inside cluster III was 54.11, while the greatest distance between clusters IV and VII was 507.95. Data on cluster means for various traits revealed that cluster VI had the highest mean value for the number of clusters per plant, the number of pods per plant, and the number of seeds produced per plant. The total genetic diversity was considerably influenced by both plant height and the quantity of pods per plant, Data on cluster means for various features revealed that cluster VI had the highest mean value for the number of clusters per plant, the number of pods per plant, and the number of seeds produced per plant. Plant height made the largest contribution (27.25%) and the number of pods per plant made the smallest contribution (20.23%) to the total genetic diversity. For the purpose of retrieving superior recombinants in segregating generations, the genotypes in the clusters with the greatest inter cluster distance may be included in the hybridization programme.
The Effects of Spray Drying Conditions on Moisture Content, Water Activity, Bulk Density, and Tapped Density of Rice Milk Powder
Authors: Padma M. , Rao P. V. K. Jagannadha , Edukondalu L. , Aparna K. , Babu G. Ravi
Published: November 2022

Cow's milk is usually consumed by the majority of the population and is well thought of as a wholesome complete food providing major nutrients like fat, proteins, and carbohydrates. Though milk is considered to be a complete food yet limited availability or near absence of certain minerals such as iron, and vitamins restricts its recommendation as a complete food for infants older than 12 months. To meet this requirement the rice milk was prepared by using the broken rice. Spray drying is a method applied to dry a wide variety of food extracts. The resulting powders are conveniently stored, transported, and handled. To increase the shelf life of the rice milk, spray drying of the rice milk was done by using the different inlet temperatures and feed flow rates. An experiment was conducted to study the effects of spray drying conditions on moisture content, bulk density, and tapped density of rice milk powder in 2019 at Bapatla, Andhra Pradesh, India. The broken rice was used to prepare rice milk with the optimized process parameters. Temperature and feed flow rate were optimized with the desirability function which satisfied all the responses with the required values to obtain optimum conditions for spray drying. The predicted optimum conditions were T=138°C and Q=35 MLM-1. Under these conditions, the response values for bulk density, moisture content, and water activity were 0.51 GML-1, 3.8% and 0.30.
Chemical Contaminants Assessment Influencing the Proper Functioning of the Waste Water Treatment Plant in a Brewing Factory: Case of SABC Yaounde -Cameroon
Authors: Félicité Obono Mba , Gael Moudio Privat , Diane Madomguia , Armand Abdou Bouba
Published: November 2022

The present study were carried out in the brewing factory of Cameroon (SABC) Yaoundé focuses on the evaluation of chemical contaminants influencing the wastewater treatment plant.

Standard methods of analysis of physicochemical parameters of wastewater in anaerobic sludge were done according to Waterleau [1].

The information collected made it possible to evaluate chemical contaminants according to the use of water, water solubility and dangerousness.

It was found that, chemical contaminants are mostly disinfectants (30%) and cleaning products (15%). Nevertheless, there are others used for pH regulation, such as beer stabilizers, etc. The wastewater treatment plant has shown overall good yields. The temperature that varies between 31°C and 32°C, characterise an optimal temperature for the metabolism of microorganisms. The pH oscillates between 7 and 10 characterise majority the alkaline waters. This study shows that the presence of chemical contaminants in discharge water which came from different part of the factory and were other chemical are used, influences microorganism area and can affect their health of purification microorganisms by acting on the physico-chemical parameters of wastewater and sludge.
Management of cognitive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia
Authors: Maroney Megan
Published: November 2022

Currently available antipsychotics provide only modest benefit in managing the cognitive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia even though these symptoms are often the most impairing in patients' daily lives. Certain antipsychotics may have slight benefits over others, and several nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic adjunctive treatments have been evaluated in recent clinical trials. Recently published meta-analyses and clinical studies of such treatments are reviewed. Potential strategies to manage cognitive and negative symptoms, including deprescribing of medications that may exacerbate these symptoms, are described using theoretical case examples.
Dobbs Decision Threatens Full Breadth of Ob-Gyn Training
Authors: Peachman Rachel Rabkin
Published: November 2022

This Medical News article discusses how the overturning of Roe v Wade will change training for future obstetrician-gynecologists in states where abortion is banned or severely restricted.
The Challenge of Emergency Abortion Care Following the Dobbs Ruling
Authors: MacDonald Andrea , Gershengorn Hayley B. , Ashana Deepshikha Charan
Published: November 2022

This Viewpoint discusses how limited or blocked access to legal abortion will affect the provision of emergency and critical care, including negative effects on patient health, legal intrusion into the patient-physician decision-making process, and concerns about legal jeopardy.
Confronting the Medical Community’s Complicity in Marginalizing Abortion Care
Authors: Borrero Sonya , Talabi Mehret Birru , Dehlendorf Christine
Published: November 2022

This Viewpoint discusses the exclusion of abortion care from many established medical sources (such as hospitals) and from coverage by many major payers and how the health care system should legitimize and ensure clinician training in safe abortion care.
Legal Risks and Ethical Dilemmas for Clinicians in the Aftermath of Dobbs
Authors: Reingold Rebecca B. , Gostin Lawrence O. , Goodwin Michele Bratcher
Published: November 2022

This Viewpoint discusses the ways in which the Supreme Court’s ruling in Dobbs v Jackson Women’s Health Organization, which triggered abortion bans or restrictions in half of states, presents serious legal risks to clinicians and major ethical dilemmas.
Requests for Self-managed Medication Abortion Provided Using Online Telemedicine in 30 US States Before and After the Dobbs v Jackson Women’s Health Organization Decision
Authors: Aiken Abigail R. A. , Starling Jennifer E. , Scott James G. , Gomperts Rebecca
Published: November 2022

This study assesses changes in online telemedicine requests to self-manage abortions with medications before vs after the Dobbs v Jackson Women’s Health Organization Supreme Court decision overturning Roe v Wade.
Abortion Care for Veterans—A Historic Step Forward
Authors: Callegari Lisa S. , Borrero Sonya
Published: November 2022

This Viewpoint discusses the US Department of Veterans Affairs’ decision to offer abortion counseling and care to veterans in cases of rape, incest, and life or health endangerment, and how insights from this decision may be shared with other health care systems.
Changes in the Clinical Workforce Providing Contraception and Abortion Care in the US, 2019-2021
Authors: Strasser Julia , Schenk Ellen , Dewhurst Emma , Chen Candice
Published: November 2022

This cross-sectional study investigates changes in the workforce providing contraception and abortion services from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Expanding Bodies: Pedagogical Models for Pluralistic Spatialities
Authors: Riano Quilian
Published: November 2022

Depictions of ideal bodies, whether by Leonardo da Vinci or Le Corbusier, and their importation into the strictures of architecture and space‐making generally, ignore a multitude of other bodies. Quilian Riano, Interim Dean of Pratt Institute's School of Architecture in Brooklyn, New York, looks at these other bodies and describes an inclusive, pluralistic future for architecture and the way it is taught.
From Altars to Alterity: Offerings and Inheritances for Queer Vietnamese Kin
Authors: Nguyen Thompson Cong
Published: November 2022

As a child of Vietnamese refugees who settled in suburban Mississauga in Ontario, Thompson Cong Nguyen describes his hybrid cultural identity, queerness and complex inter‐relations with the historic ritual of his ancestors and the divergent manifestations of Canadian society. He does so through the design of the set of transportable altars that were part of his MArch thesis at the Azrieli School of Architecture and Urbanism at Carleton University in Ottawa.
To Not Refuse Our Ravaged World
Authors: Stoner Jill
Published: November 2022

In a wide‐ranging and pithy article, Guest‐Editor of this issue and Professor at the Graduate School of the University of California, Berkeley, Jill Stoner evokes humanity, rivers, dogs and language to present a case for an architecture of refusal that allows us the possibility of ‘breathing together’.