bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Construction of a mathematical model and numerical study of interaction between moisture-, heat-, and mass transfer processes of salt solutions in an unsaturated soil layer
Authors: Ilkiv Ihor , Zhukovskyy Viktor , Zhukovska Nataliia , Safonyk Andrii
Published: November 2022

Methods of mathematical modeling and computer simulation were used to investigate the influence of interrelated processes of transfer of saline solutions in the unsaturated soil layer. To this end, a mathematical model has been built for modeling the corresponding processes of the moisture-, heat-, and mass transfer of saline solutions in an unsaturated soil layer. An effective computational algorithm was developed to solve the corresponding nonlinear boundary problem numerically by the method of finite differences; it was implemented in the Asp.net programming environment in the C++ language. Based on the numerical experiments carried out, the distribution of moisture, concentration, and temperature fields in the aeration zone (incomplete saturation) was obtained. To study the influence of mass transfer of salts on moisture transfer, a numerical solution was found to the problem of moisture transfer, the problem of moisture transfer taking into consideration mass transfer and moisture transfer, taking into consideration mass transfer in the presence of osmosis. Analysis of the results showed that the distribution of the concentration of saline solutions over time is slower and more predictable. It was established that the distribution of moisture heads increases with depth and time when saline solutions fall on the surface of the soil massif. With the influence of salt concentration, the distribution of moisture increases with depth and time throughout the entire area of moisture transfer by 1–3 %. The distribution of moisture heads taking into consideration the concentration of salts and osmosis is reduced by 3–5 % compared to the results of the problem without taking into consideration the phenomenon of osmosis. The distribution of the concentration of saline solutions during moisture transfer and osmosis acquires higher values compared to the results without taking osmosis into consideration. The established features can be successfully applied to clean the fertile soil layer and resume agricultural activities
Justification of safe shelf life of whole wheat flour of various sizes, depending on the processing method
Authors: Makhmudov Farrukh , Azimova Sanavar , Kizatova Maigul , Iztayev Auyelbek , Shanina Olga
Published: November 2022

The objects of this study were wheat grain (Shortandinskaya variety, harvest 2021) and wheat grain grinding products – whole grain (whole-ground) wheat flour of coarse, medium, and fine grinds.
Studies have been carried out to establish the terms of safe storage of whole-grain (whole-ground) wheat flour of various sizes. Samples of whole-grain flour of coarse, medium, and fine grinding were obtained by grinding wheat grain in a finger-type single-rotor eight-row disintegrator.
The resistance to storage of samples of whole-grain wheat flour of various sizes, as well as treated with gases (nitrogen, carbon dioxide) with a concentration of 2.0 mg/l, at a pressure of P=2.0 atm for 10 minutes, was investigated.
Based on the indicators of QMAFAnM, the acid number of fat, and the acidity of gas-processed and unprocessed whole-grain wheat flour of various sizes, the terms of its safe storage were established. All safety indicators were examined within three months with a frequency of every 10 days. The relationship between the size of the flour product and its stability during storage has been established. It is recommended to store unprocessed whole grain wheat flour of coarse grinding up to 50 days, medium grinding – up to 40 days, fine grinding – up to 30 days.
The treatment of whole-grain flour before storage with carbon dioxide has made it possible to prolong the period of safe storage of coarse flour to 70 days, medium grinding – up to 50 days, fine grinding – up to 40 days.
The best results in the preservation of whole-grain flour, depending on the size of the grind, were shown by its treatment before storage with nitrogen in comparison with similar treatment with carbon dioxide. Nitrogen treatment has made it possible to recommend the duration of safe storage of coarse flour up to 90 days, medium – up to 60 days, small – up to 50 days
Determining the influence of a filler on the properties of composite materials based on Phenylone C2 for tribojunctions in machines and assemblies
Authors: Dudin Volodymyr , Makarenko Dmytro , Derkach Oleksii , Muranov Yevhen
Published: November 2022

The introduction of polymer-composite materials makes it possible not only to solve the problem of increasing durability, reducing the mass and cost of machines, but also, by introducing fillers, to adapt them to the required operating conditions. At the same time, there is a problem regarding the high cost of technologies for obtaining composites, which limits their widespread implementation. That is why the object of this research is the processes of influence of the filler on the characteristics and properties of polymer-composite materials.
Complex laboratory studies of physical and mechanical characteristics, tribological and thermophysical properties of the developed polymer-composite materials based on Phenylone C2 were carried out. The dependence of the coefficient of friction and wear of the material based on Phenylone C2, containing thermally expanded graphite, on the pressure and nature of counter-bodies during friction with lubrication and without it was established. It was revealed that the minimum amount of wear of the material, with friction with lubrication, is achieved under the pressure on tribojunction of 5 MPa. It was established that with an increase in the concentration of filler from 5 to 25 wt% the coefficient of thermal conductivity increases by 4–40.8 %, compared with that non-filled with Phenylone C2. It was found that the introduction of thermally expanded graphite into Phenylone C2 in the amount of 5 wt % leads to a decrease in heat capacity by 34 %. The proposed technology of obtaining polymer-composite materials in the electromagnetic field provides sufficient physical and mechanical characteristics, tribological properties and low cost of finished products (parts).
The results reported here make it possible to adapt the physical and mechanical characteristics, thermophysical and tribological properties of polymer-composite materials to certain modes of operation of movable junctions
Development of mathematical models of the project-vector space of educational environments
Authors: Biloshchytskyi Andrii , Tsiutsiura Svitlana , Kuchansky Alexander , Serbin Oleg , Tsiutsiura Mykola , Biloshchytska Svitlana , Faizullin Adil
Published: November 2022

Based on the analysis of scientific developments in the application of project management methodology for educational environment management, the application of the vector paradigm to the construction of project management methodology in academic environments is substantiated. The methodological concept of project management in the educational environment is proposed, and the conceptual basis of the methodology of project-vector management of educational environments is created. The theoretical foundations of project-vector management of educational environments are developed. A mathematical model for managing projects in educational environments has been developed, the originality of which is ensured by representing the entities of projects, products, tools and subjects of educational environments as the objects of project-vector space, moving from the starting point (project origination) to its completion. The notion of the potential movement of objects in the project-vector space (PVS) is introduced and used in the mathematical model. The definition of unforced resistance of PVS is given, the source of which is the regularity in the influence of a significant number of objects and subjects of the project-vector space on each other, which is present in most projects of educational environments and hinders their implementation. The proposed methodology creates a modern scientific and methodological basis for the construction of project management systems in educational organizations. The practical implementation of the results of the research creates a basis for improving the efficiency and quality of educational organizations due to a well-defined organization of management procedures.
SGLT-2 inhibitors as potential anticonvulsants: empagliflozin, but not dapagliflozin, renders a pronounced effect and potentiates the sodium valproate activity in pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures
Authors: Tsyvunin Vadim , Shtrygol’ Sergiy , Havrylov Ihnat , Shtrygol’ Diana , Reus Artur
Published: November 2022

On the way to the search for effective adjuvant medicines for epilepsy treatment, antidiabetic medicines such as sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, which are expressed not only in the kidneys but also in the brain, attract attention. From previous studies, it is known that dapagliflozin improves electroencephalographic parameters in rats on the model of pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures. However, the anticonvulsant potential of other medicines from this group needs to be clarified.

The aim of the study is to estimate the effect of empagliflozin, dapagliflozin per se and their combinations with sodium valproate on pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures, as well as on muscle tone and motor coordination in mice.

Material and methods. 42 random-bred male albino mice weighing 24-28 g were used in the experiments. Empagliflozin (20 mg/kg) and dapagliflozin (50 mg/kg) were administered intragastrically for 3 days. The classic anticonvulsant sodium valproate (150 mg/kg) per se, in combination with the medicines mentioned above, was administered in a similar regimen. On the second day, 30 minutes after administering all medicines, their effect on muscle tone and coordination of movements was determined in the rotarod test. On the third day, 30 minutes after the last administration of the medicines, their effect on pentylenetetrazole-induced (80 mg/kg subcutaneously) seizures was studied.

Results. For the first time, a pronounced anticonvulsant effect of empagliflozin was established both when used alone (a significant increase in latency of the convulsions and a decrease in lethality by 43 %) and especially in combination with sodium valproate (a significant increase in latency of the convulsions, a decrease in the number and severity of seizures and a decrease in lethality by 83 %), as well as the absence of a muscle relaxant effect in both cases. Dapagliflozin has neither its anticonvulsant properties nor its effect on the action of sodium valproate. However, this medicine caused muscle relaxation, especially when combined with sodium valproate.

Conclusions. The results suggest that empagliflozin, unlike dapagliflozin, has a high potential as an adjuvant medicine in treating epilepsy, as it enhances the efficacy of the classic anticonvulsant sodium valproate without muscle relaxant side effects
Potential antioxidants of secondary metabolite isolates ethyl acetate fraction Coleus amboinicus Lour. Leaves.
Authors: Gurning Kasta , Haryadi Winarto
Published: November 2022

The aim of the study was to isolate and characterize secondary metabolites that have the potential as antioxidants from the ethyl acetate fraction of the leaves of Coleus amboinicus, L. (C. amboinicus).

Materials and methods. Purification of the ethyl acetate fraction of C. amboinicus using gravity column chromatography with a stationary phase (silica gel, Merck) and a mobile phase with a solvent ratio of n-hexane (Merck) and ethyl acetate (Merck). Examining isolates includes physical (colour, shape, and melting point). Qualitative purity detection by TLC at 254 nm and 366 nm wavelengths. Structural analysis of metabolites with UV-Vis spectrometer (Spectronic 3000, Genesis 10, Japan), FT-IR(KBr) (Shimadzu IR Prestige-21, Japan), NMR spectrometer (JEOL spectrometer, Japan) operating at 500 MHz (1H-NMR) and 125 MHz (13C-NMR), and Shimadzu's GC-MS (QP-2010S Shimadzu, Japan) and determination of potential antioxidant activity using the DPPH method.

Results. The secondary metabolite compounds were isolated in the form of yellow crystals with a melting point of 232-233 °C and Rf values of 0.86 and 0.56, which TLC monitored at a solvent ratio of n-hexane and ethyl acetate 6:4 and 8:2. Spectronic analysis with a UV-Vis Spectrometer showed two electron absorbances, namely a wavelength of 210 nm indicating methanol solvent and 272 nm isolate. The absorbance of functional groups at wave numbers 3379 cm-1 (-OH; hydroxy), 2931 cm-1 (-CH; aliphatic), 1735 cm-1 (-C=O; carbonyl ketone), 1234 cm-1 (-CO-; methoxy) and 1643 cm-1 (-C=C-; alkene). GC-MS analysis obtained two absorbance peaks, (1) the first retention time of 6.658 minutes (3.95 %) and (2) the second retention time of 9.001 minutes (96.05 %). Structural analysis with 1H&13C-NMR showed 28 types of protons and 22 types of carbon. The antioxidant activity potential test showed an activity value (IC50) of 338.54 ppm.

Conclusion. The structure of the isolated secondary metabolite compound is 16-acetoxy-7α-hydroxyroyleanone (syn. 16-acetoxyhorminone) and has the potential as an antioxidant.
LAPAROSCOPIC INGUINAL HERNIA REPAIR: THE LONG-TERM ASSESSMENT OF CHRONIC PAIN AND QUALITY OF LIFE
Authors: Castro Gustavo Rodrigues Alves , Zilles Andressa , Gazzola Larissa Dill , Barros Renar Brito , Sadowski José Alfredo , Guetter Camila Roginski
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic approaches to inguinal hernia repair include transabdominal extraperitoneal and transabdominal preperitoneal, both of which are widely performed and employ mesh. Indicators of success for these surgical procedures include incidence of complications, time to return to daily activities, incidence of postoperative chronic pain, and the long-term postoperative patient satisfaction. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate and compare long-term postoperative incidence of chronic pain and overall quality of life among patients undergoing transabdominal extraperitoneal or transabdominal preperitoneal inguinal hernia repair. METHODS: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study. Medical records were analyzed, and the SF-36 questionnaire and Visual Analog Scale were applied to assess quality of life and chronic pain in patients undergoing laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair between January 2017 and February 2021. RESULTS: A total of 167 patients status post laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair, who were 3 months postoperatively or longer, were included in the study. Among the early complications seen, seroma was most common in the transabdominal preperitoneal group (p=0.04). Subsequently, 40 of the initial 167 patients answered to the survey instrument (SF-36 and Visual Analog Scale). Mean patient-reported pain (Visual Analog Scale score) was statistically similar between groups, with 1.29 for transabdominal preperitoneal and 1.68 for transabdominal extraperitoneal (p=0.92). In the domains evaluated by the SF-36, there was no significant difference between the samples. CONCLUSION: Both transabdominal extraperitoneal and transabdominal preperitoneal techniques for hernia repair have similar results in the late postoperative period regarding quality of life and prevalence of chronic pain. They are also comparable in terms of major early postoperative complications, except for seroma, with a higher incidence in patients undergoing transabdominal preperitoneal.
Madness and Anchoring in the Brazilian Press: A Study in Social Representation
Authors: Santos Maria de Fátima de Souza , Eskinazi Renan Harmes
Published: November 2022

Abstract The Brawzilian Psychiatric Reform sought to introduce new perspectives on madness, integrating other meanings about mental health; however, it seems that mad and crazy are used in everyday communications to describe social events and behaviors. This study aimed to investigate the main contents and beliefs that anchor the social representations of madness in a printed newspaper. A Thematic Content Analysis was carried out with 846 articles from the newspaper Folha de São Paulo from the years 1978 and 2018. Seven categories were constructed that anchor the idea of madness: Eccentric, Unpredictable, Intense, Irrational, Violent, Subversive, and Transgressive. The stories reinforce the stigma of madness as something divergent, strange. The construction of an inverse anchoring underlies the representations of madness, demarcating the distance between the “normal” and the “crazy. It was concluded that madness is still understood based on social devaluation and demeaning, leading to exclusionary practices.
Burnout Syndrome in Nursing Professionals in COVID -19 Intensive Care
Authors: Serra Jéssica Gonçalves , Farias Edson dos Santos , Nunes Laísy de Lima , Oliveira Marcelo Xavier de , Castro Tharles Maia de
Published: November 2022

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic evidenced a scenario of increased demands on health professionals that can lead to professional burnout. This study aimed to investigate Burnout Syndrome (BS) and associated factors in nursing professionals working in intensive care units (ICU) of the public service during the COVID-19 pandemic. 157 professionals were evaluated regarding sociodemographic, occupational and working conditions variables, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) was used. The prevalence of BS was 45.2%, with some professionals suffering from more than one factor of the syndrome: emotional exhaustion (28.7%), depersonalization (3.8%) and low professional fulfillment (24.8%). Logistic regression analysis in the final model showed that female gender, not having children, statutory bond, professionals who had COVID-19 and declared wanting to leave the ICU environment had a higher risk of BS. The results showed BS in nursing professionals and that new risk factors were added with the advent of the pandemic.
Conservatório Dramático Paraense: uma efêmera e controversa associação de homens de letras e artistas (1873-1887)
Authors: Martins de Souza Silvia Cristina
Published: November 2022

Resumo Este artigo centra-se em um tema pouco contemplado pelos historiadores do teatro brasileiro: o Conservatório Dramático Paraense. Sua fundação compôs o quadro mais amplo de criação de uma série de instituições sintonizadas às ideias de progresso, modernidade e civilização, que delegaram às elites provinciais a tarefa de disseminar as artes, o conhecimento e o ensino no Grão-Pará. A ele, foi atribuída a tarefa de impulsionar o teatro da província e administrar o Teatro da Paz, objetivos que, no entanto, não conseguiu contemplar. Acompanhar a história do Conservatório Dramático Paraense oferece uma oportunidade privilegiada para ampliar a compreensão sobre um momento em que o império brasileiro investiu em políticas ligadas à imagem nacional pela mobilização de recursos culturais, das quais a criação dos conservatórios dramáticos foi parte e também para que se tenha uma visão aproximada de como o Conservatório Dramático Paraense respondeu a elas.
O severance pay no Brasil: uma análise do Caso HRT
Authors: Silveira Gabriel Abreu da , Klein Vinícius
Published: November 2022

Resumo Os severance packages (“pacotes de indenização”) são pagamentos concedidos a executivos de alto escalão para mitigar problemas de gestão, como a aversão ao risco. Quando o plano de incentivo estipula a aquisição do controle como hipótese de disparo da indenização, o benefício passa a assumir a forma de um golden parachute e serve também como medida defensiva contra aquisições hostis pelo aumento do custo da operação para o adquirente. Compreende-se que a avaliação da atuação do conselho de administração na aprovação do pagamento executivo deve se fundamentar na conveniência do instrumento para o interesse social. Tanto a estrutura de propriedade como o mercado de controle acionário são elementos relevantes para que se possa apurar se o incentivo busca cumprir o fim para o qual está sendo previsto, em especial quando a ameaça de aquisições hostis é utilizada como justificativa para a implementação. Assim, com base no estudo do Caso HRT, analisa-se o severance pay a partir das características do mercado de capitais brasileiro. Ainda que não represente toda a complexidade do tema, o caso escolhido retrata uma realidade específica e oferece reflexões importantes para a regulação eficiente do pagamento executivo no Brasil. O presente artigo pretende demonstrar que a Comissão de Valores Mobiliários (CVM) levou em conta benefícios meramente teóricos do severance pay e não incorporou as especificidades do mercado acionário brasileiro na análise, decisão que trouxe prejuízos aos acionistas da HRT Participações em Petróleo S/A.
Controlling Bacteria in a Post-antibiotic Era: Popular Ideas about Bacteria, Antibiotics, and the Immune System
Authors: Hansson Kristofer , Irwin Rachel
Published: November 2022

This article addresses people’s experiences with bacteria and the human body and examines the cultural meanings regarding concerns that society likely is running out of effective antibiotics. The empirical material comes from Sweden, and our analysis is framed through perspectives from the medical humanities. The interdisciplinary goal is to better understand the societal challenges of antibiotic resistance in the advent of a so-called post-antibiotic era. The study presents results from the “If antibiotics stop working” questionnaire which was distributed with the help of The Folklife Archives with the Scania Music Collections at Lund University. We argue that the concept of a post-antibiotic era can open a more imaginary way of thinking about what future relationships are possible if antibiotics were to lose their curative power.
Как богатые страны стали богатыми, и почему бедные страны остаются бедными
Authors: Райнерт Эрик
Published: November 2022

В настоящей книге известный норвежский экономист Эрик Райнерт показывает, что богатые страны стали богатыми благодаря сочетанию государственного вмешательства, протекционизма и стратегических инвестиций, а не благодаря свободной торговле. По утверждению автора, именно такая политика была залогом успешного экономического развития, начиная с Италии эпохи Возрождения и заканчивая сегодняшними странами Юго-Восточной Азии. Показывая, что современные экономисты игнорируют этот подход, настаивая и на важности свободной торговли, Райнерт объясняет это давним расколом в экономической науке между континентально-европейской традицией, ориентированной на комплексную государственную политику, с одной стороны, и англо-американской, ориентированной на свободную торговлю, — с другой. Написанная доступным языком, книга представляет интерес не только для специалистов по экономической истории и теории, но и для широкого круга читателей.
SRY GENİNİN PARKİNSON HASTALIĞINDAKİ POTANSİYEL ROLÜNÜN İN SİLİKO ANALİZİ
Authors: AY Muhammet
Published: November 2022

Amaç Parkinson hastalığı (PH) en sık görülen hareket hastalığıdır ve substansiya nigra bölgesindeki dopaminerjik nöronların kaybından kaynaklanmaktadır. PH’nin ilk motor semptomları ortaya çıkmaya başladığında dopaminerjik nöronların %60’ından fazlası zaten ölmüştür. PH’nin etiyolojisi tam olarak anlaşılmamış olsa da, PH’nin genetik ve çevresel faktörler arasındaki kompleks etkileşimler sonucu oluştuğuna inanılmaktadır. Önceki çalışmalar erkeklerin PH’ye yakalanma olasılığının kadınlara göre en az 1,5 kat daha fazla olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu çalışma, bir Y kromozomu geni olan SRY’nin PH’nin patogenezinde bir rol oynayıp oynamadığını in siliko yöntemlerle araştırmayı amaçlamıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem Farklı insan dokularındaki SRY mRNA ekspresyonu İnsan Protein Atlas (HPA)’yı kullanarak analiz edilmiştir. SRY ve PH ile ilişkili genler arasındaki etkileşimler STRING ve GeneMANIA veri tabanlarını kullanarak incelenmiştir. JASPAR veri tabanı, PH ile ilişkili bazı genlerin promotör bölgelerindeki muhtemel SRY bağlanma noktalarını belirlemek için kullanılmıştır. Son olarak, SRY ile etkileşim halindeki anahtar genleri belirlemek için BioGRID ve GeneMANIA veri tabanları kullanılmıştır. Bulgular İn siliko analizler PH ile ilişkili bazı genlerin promotör bölgelerinde SRY bağlanma noktası olduğunu ve SRY’nin androjen reseptör (AR) sinyalini düzenleyebileceğini ortaya çıkarmıştır. Sonuç Bu bulgular SRY’nin PH’nin patogenezinde rol oynayabileceğini ve bundan dolayı da PH’ye karşı yeni terapötik stratejiler geliştirmek için moleküler bir hedef vazifesi görebileceğini önermektedir.
Recombinant Antibody Affinity Purification with Protein A or Protein G v1
Authors: The Nonprofit Plasmid Repository Addgene
Published: November 2022

This protocol describes how to affinity purify recombinant antibodies from cell culture supernatant using Protein A or Protein G columns.
Microbe isolation and taxonomic classification from environmental samples v1
Authors: Hu Yiheng
Published: November 2022

Numerous studies on plant,animal, or insect-associated microorganisms have significantly impacted host, and the number of microbe strains collected from different sources is exploding. However, the protocol for microbe isolation from different host samples is still not standardized. Here we designed a protocol for isolating, and more importantly, organizing culturable, aiming to make this process more reproducible and less time-consuming.
UMN SenNet Liver Collection Protocol v1
Authors: Johnson Steve
Published: November 2022

UMN CTSI Biorepository and Laboratory Services (BLS) BioNet Specimen Procurement Agreement Project Title: SenNet Liver Collection Protocol
Immunohistochemical staining of heparan sulfate (HS) and collagen type XVIII (col18) core proteins in islet beta cells of formalin-fixed human pancreas and isolated human islets v2
Authors: Starrs Lora
Published: November 2022

Paraffin sections (4 μm thickness) of formalin-fixed human pancreases and isolated human islets were treated with 0.05% pronase for antigen retrieval. HS and Col18 HSPG core proteins were detected immunohistochemically using 10E4 anti-HS (US Biological/Amsbio) and anti-Col18 (Santa Cruz), respectively, with horseradish peroxidase-conjugated rabbit anti-mouse Ig (Dako). Background staining was checked using the corresponding isotype control Ig instead of the primary antibody. 3-amino-9-ethylcarbazole (AEC) was used as the chromogen. For morphometry, stained sections were imaged using a light microscope with attached camera (Olympus BX41). Image J software with color deconvolution plugin was used for the quantitative analysis of the % of islet area stained
HCR of fixed mouse brain tissue sections v2
Authors: Buckley Alex
Published: November 2022

This is an RNA fluorescent in-situ hybridization (FISH) protocol that utilizes hybridization chain reaction technology from Molecular Instruments. The protocol fluorescently labels different mRNAs (up to 4 different mRNAs) such that they become suitable for imaging. This protocol was designed specifically for fixed mouse brain tissue sections that contain raphe serotonergic neurons, but can be applied to other regions of the mouse brain as well.
Stages of the bioeconomy of the production process sitotroga cerealella v1
Authors: Alberto Zuniga Gonzalez Carlos
Published: November 2022

The protocol describes the production process of Sitotroga Cerealella's bioeconomy. This process has 5 stages: 1. STAGE OF STERILIZATION OF WHEAT SUBSTRATE a) WASHING PHASE b) STERILIZATION PHASE 2. STERILIZATION STAGE OF SITOTROGA CEREALELLA EGGS a) WASHING PHASE OF SITOTROGA CEREALELLA EGGS b) DRYING PHASE OF SITOTROGA CEREALELLA EGGS c) INCUBATION PHASE OF SITOTROGA CEREALELLA EGGS 3. SEEDING STAGE AND INFESTATION OF LARVAE OF SITOTROGA CEREALELLA. a) FRAMES DISINFECTION PHASE. b) SEEDING PHASE AND INFESTATION OF LARVAE AND EGGS OF SITOTROGA CEREALELLA 4. ADULT EMERSION STAGE OF SITOTROGA CEREALELLA a) CABINET WASHING, DISINFECTION, AND PREPARATION PHASE. b) PHASE OF WASHING, DISINFECTION, AND PREPARATION OF PORRONES. c) SEEDING PHASE AND INFESTATION OF LARVAE OF SITOTROGA CEREALELLA 5. EXTRACTION STAGE OF SITOTROGA CEREALELLA EGGS. a) WASHING, DISINFECTION, AND PREPARATION PHASE OF OVIPOSITION FRAMES AND TRAYS. b) CLEANING PHASE OF ADULTS AND EGGS SITOTROGA CEREALELLA. c) PHASE OF OVIPOSITION AND EXTRACTION OF SITOTROGA CEREALELLA EGGS.
Luciferase Assay pH-dependent Fox-activity v1
Authors: not provided kyle.kisor
Published: November 2022

Working protocol for how to perform luciferase assay. Worked for Fox reporter
Bioaccumulation of Hexavalent Chromium in Commercially Edible Fish Grass Carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella
Authors: Aslam Sonia , Yousafzai Ali Muhammad , Javed Aleena
Published: November 2022

The current research was conducted with the aim to investigate the rate of chromium accumulation in various tissues of commercially valuable freshwater fish, Grass Carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella. Investigation included various tissues of skin, muscles, liver, swim bladder, intestine, and gills in fish. For this purpose, the fish were exposed to sub lethal concentration of hexavalent chromium in the form of potassium dichromate with a dose of 120 mg/L for 40, 20 days and 10 mg/L for 7, 25, 40 and 60 days. Forty fish of the same weight and length (70.45±2.91 g and 7.32±0.16 inches) were used in the present research. Chromium was estimated after acid digestion of the sample tissues and further analyzed through atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Spectra AA6300 China). The results showed that in all the experiments intestine remained the highly accumulative tissue and the accumulation of chromium in the intestine increased with the increase in exposure time i.e., 0.63±0.21 after 7 days, 0.83±0.35 after 25 and 1.63±0.44 after 60 days. Finding of this research work supports that the route of metal uptake was mainly oral instead of absorption by gills or skin.
Variability of White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) Envelope Protein VP28 from Diseased Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in Indonesia
Authors: Tasakka A.C.M.A.R. , Latama G. , Hidayani A.A. , Parenrengi A. , Tenriulo A. , Relatami A.N.R. , Moore A.M. , Shaheen A.
Published: November 2022

White Spot Disease (WSD) is a viral disease affecting crustaceans. Caused by the White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV), this disease has caused significant mortality in commercially cultivated marine shrimp species with severe impacts on the shrimp farming industry and may be a threat to wild shrimp stocks. Thorough studies on the molecular biology of this pathogen are urgently needed to improve understanding of the virus at a molecular level, including variation in key viral protein (VP) components of the WSSV virion. This study aimed to isolate and characterize WSSV VP28 gene encoding envelope proteins from Indonesian Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) isolates. Infected juvenile shrimp were collected from Pangkep, Barru, and Pinrang Districts in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Genomic DNA was isolated from infected shrimp muscle tissue using a DTAB-CTAB (dodecyle trimethyl ammonium bromide-hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide) DNA extraction procedure. The WSSV VP28 DNA sequences from Pangkep, Barru, and Pinrang isolates were 640-680 bp in length. Homology of Pangkep isolates with isolates from Barru and Pinrang was 97-99%. BLAST-N (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool-Nucleotide) analysis showed isolates from all three sites clustered with WSSV VP28 accessions from China, Indonesia, Japan, South Carolina and Vietnam. These results increase the geographic spread and host taxon coverage of WSSV VP28 sequence data for Indonesia.
Isolation and Characterisation of Plant Growth-Promoting Bacterial and Fungal Endophytes from Himalayan Yew (Taxus wallichiana) - An Economically Imperative Plant of Himalayas
Authors: Sharief Khan Sofia , Verma Vijeshwar , Rasool Shafaq
Published: November 2022

It is a known fact that the bacterial and fungal endophytes inhabit the plant tissues besides aiding in the better growth and health of the plants. The bark and leaves of Taxus wallichiana have drawn a lot of interest in recent years since they are the richest source of taxol, an anticancer drug. As it is a slow-growing tree that can only be regenerated via vegetative propagation, it has been classified as a critical rare species due to its extensive collection for medicinal and other purposes. Nonetheless, the use of endophytes as plant growth promoters is gaining much importance among environmentalists and agronomists because of their imperative role in crop production. Even then, there is hardly any information available regarding the growth-promoting endophytes isolated from bark and leaves associated with T. wallichiana commonly known as Himalayan Yew. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to isolate fungal and bacterial endophytes from T. wallichiana and to classify the growth-promoting properties of these endophytes. In total, seven fungal and ten bacterial endophytes were obtained from different parts of T. wallichiana. All of the isolated fungal and bacterial endophytes produced indole acetic acid while most of them also produced ammonia. Besides, the fungal and bacterial endophytes were also screened for antimicrobial and various enzymatic activities. Based on the above results, the two fungal endophytes were selected for their possible ability to promote seed growth. The results showed that the fungal endophytes isolated from T. wallichiana played an active role in increasing growth in other plant species and therefore, can be used as potential plant growth promoters.
Comparative Arsenic Tolerance and Accumulation Potential Between Wild Tagetes patula and Tagetes minuta
Authors: Shahzadi Irum , Shah Mohammad Maroof , Akhtar Irrum Saleem , Ismail Tariq , Ahmad Raza , Nawaz Ismat , Siddique Maria , Baig Sofia , Baig Ayesha , Waheed Ummara
Published: November 2022

Arsenic (As) is a bioactive metalloid that is highly toxic to humans, animals, and plants. Environmental contamination of As especially in groundwater increases due to natural and anthropogenic activities. The present study was performed to evaluate the potential of wild Tagetes species for the phytoremediation of As contaminated soil/water. This comparative research aims to analyze As accumulation and tolerance in two wild species of Tagetes, T. minuta and T. patula. The 20 days old seedlings were grown hydroponically and exposed to the different concentrations of As, 0, 50, 150, and 300 µM As2O3 for 1-, 4- and 7- days intervals. Effect of As stress was measured on the rate of seed germination, growth parameters like fresh and dry biomass weight, root/shoot length, chlorophyll contents and As contents in root and shoot in both Tagetes species. Increasing concentration of As restricts the growth activity of T. minuta with toxicity symptoms on leaves such as chlorosis. Accumulation of As in the shoot was significantly (p ≤ 0.01) high (634 µg g-1 DW) in T. patula as compared to T. minuta (397 µg g-1 DW) at 300 µM As2O3. Both Tagetes species exhibited high variation for As tolerance parameters as well as for As accumulation patterns. Comparatively good tolerance and accumulation of As in T. patula suggests that this species could be used in phytoextraction and re-vegetation in As contaminated sites.
Changes of a2-macroglobulin activity and endothelin-1 concentration in tears of rabbits after transplantation of retinal pigment epithelium cells derived from the induced pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Neroeva N.V. , Neroev V.V. , Chesnokova N.B. , Katargina L.A. , Pavlenko T.A. , Beznos O.V. , Ilyukhin P.A. , Utkina O.A. , Lagarkova M.A. , Laktionov P.P. , Bogomazova A.N. , Kharitonov A.E.
Published: November 2022

Retinal diseases accompanied with the dysfunction or death of the retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells are widespread, hard to treat, and appear to be a leading case of visual loss and blindness among the persons older than 55 years. Transplantation of RPE cells derived from the induced pluripotent stem cells (IPSC-RPE) is a promising method of therapy for these diseases. To ensure the transplant survival instant follow-up is required. It can be based on biochemical analyses of tear fluid that can be easily non-invasively collected. For the post-transplantation process monitoring we have choosen such polyfunctional bioregulators as α2-macroglobulin (α2-MG) and endothelin-1 (ET-1). RPE atrophy in New Zealand Albino rabbits was modeled via the subretinal injection of bevacizumab. IPSC-RPE in suspension or as a monolayer on the scaffold were transplanted subretinally 1 month after the injection. α2-MG activity and ET-1 concentration in tears were estimated during the first month and after 2, 3 and 7 months after transplantation. On the 7-14 days after transplantation α2-MG activity increased in tears of the both operated and controlateral eye probably as a reaction on the corticosteroid therapy. In 50% rabbits there was one more increase after 2-3 months that could be due to the immune inflammation. Concentration of ET-1 in tears decreased dramatically on the 7-14 days and 7 months after transplantation, and it could have an influence upon the retinal vassal tone. The data obtained show that estimation of bioregulators in tears can help monitoring local metabolic processes after RPE transplantation that is necessary for the opportune, reasonable and focused medicamental correction of post-transplantation process.
Acetylation, methylation, and ubiquitination of proteins in experimental ischemic stroke in mice: a bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Skvortsov V.S. , Ivanova Y.O. , Voronina A.I.
Published: November 2022

The experimental results available in the ProteomeXchange database (accession code PXD016538) (Simats et al. (2020) Molecular and Cellular Proteomics, 19(12), 1921-1936) obtained using a comprehensive multi-omics approach were analyzed in mouse blood to identify potential biomarkers of ischemic stroke. Acetylation, methylation, and ubiquitination were considered as post-translational modifications. The analysis of the significance of changes in the level of protein modification was evaluated for ischemic tissue in comparison with tissue undamaged by stroke and control taken from mice after sham operation. At the level of statistically significant differences according to the Mann-Whitney test (p < 0.05), 2 proteins were found (Q02248 and Q8BL66); for additional 7 proteins, the differences were at the level of a statistical trend (p < 0.1). For 7 of 9 selected proteins there are reports in the literature, for their association with cerebral ischemia.
Association of cognitive impairment and quality of life in patients with multiple sclerosis: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Nabizadeh Fardin , Balabandian Mohammad , Rostami Mohammad Reza , Owji Mahsa , Sahraian Mohammad Ali , Bidadian Maryam , Ghadiri Fereshteh , Rezaeimanesh Nasim , Moghadasi Abdorreza Naser
Published: November 2022

Background: Cognitive impairments in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) are suggested as a prognostic factor for disease development, and consequently higher disability and more deficits in daily and social activities. In this regard, we aimed to investigate the association between quality of life (QOL) and cognitive function in patients with MS.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study on patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS). General characteristic variables were carried out, and then all patients underwent assessments such as Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life-54 (MSQOL-54), Minimal Assessment of Cognitive Function in Multiple Sclerosis (MACFIMS), Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), and North American Adult Reading Test (NAART).
Results: In the present study, a total of 92 patients, including 76 women with a mean disease duration of 6.82 ± 4.80 years were involved. Results of simple Pearson correlation revealed a significant positive relation between California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT) total learning with MSQOL mental health (r = 0.267, P = 0.017) and physical health (r = 0.299,  P = 0.007). After adjusting for potential confounders, there was a negative correlation between MSQOL mental health with Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS) (r = -0.303, P = 0.015) and Judgment of Line Orientation (JLO) (r = -0.310, P = 0.013). Besides, MSQOL physical health was negatively associated with Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised (BVMT-R) in the adjusted model (r = -0.270, P = 0.031).
Conclusion: There is a statistically significant association between specific aspects of cognitive decline and QOL. Therefore, more attention should be paid to cognitive impairment in patients with MS as based on our findings, it is significantly associated with QOL.
The perspective of Iranian patients with multiple sclerosis on the third dose of COVID-19 vaccine
Authors: Ghadiri Fereshteh , Sahraian Mohammad Ali , Azimi Amirreza , Moghadasi Abdorreza Naser
Published: November 2022

Background: Now that the majority of the population has been immunized with two-dose vaccines, debates over the third booster dose have been raised. We studied the viewpoint of cases with multiple sclerosis (MS) on this matter.
Methods: In a cross-sectional study, a google form containing questions about participants’ characteristics, the history of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection and vaccination, and opinions on the third dose was designed.
Results: Of 1067 responders, only 16 (1.5%) were not vaccinated at all. The most used vaccine type was Sinopharm BBIBP COVID-19 vaccine (BBIBP-CorV) (n = 1002, 93.9%). Generally, 58 (5.4%) cases were hospitalized due to COVID-19. Of those with full vaccination, 134 (13.3%) got COVID-19 infection after the second dose. Only 13 participants (1%) did not agree with the third dose, while 564 (53.0%) believed that a booster dose was needed. Of all, 488 (45.7%) declared that they did not have a final idea and would follow the instructions by the experts. A significant association was found between not receiving the first two doses and not believing in the third dose (P = 0.001). 692 patients declared their reasoning for the importance of the third dose. All the cases who thought the administered vaccine was not efficient enough had received Sinopharm BBIBP-CorV. Those who got infected after full vaccination were more uncertain about the efficacy of the vaccine [odds ratio (OR): 2.6, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.6-4.2].
Conclusion: It seems that the majority of the Iranian patients with MS expect the authorities to administer a third booster dose, especially if scientifically validated.
Brain proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in patients with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Shoeibi Ali , Verdipour Mahdieh , Hoseini Alireza , Moshfegh Mehdi , Olfati Nahid , Layegh Parvaneh , Dadgar-Moghadam Maliheh , Farzadfard Mohammad Taghi , Rezaeitalab Fariborz , Borji Nahid
Published: November 2022

Background: The accuracy of current laboratory and imaging studies for diagnosis and monitoring of Parkinson’s disease (PD) severity is low and diagnosis is mainly dependent on clinical examination. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a non-invasive technique that can assess the chemical profile of the brain. In this study, we evaluated the utility of proton MRS in diagnosis of PD and determination of its severity.
Methods: Patients with PD and healthy age-matched controls were studied using proton MRS. The level of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), total creatine (Cr), and total choline (Cho), and their ratios were calculated in substantia nigra (SN), putamen (Pu), and motor  cortex. PD severity was assessed by the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and the Hoehn and Yahr scale.
Results: Compared to 25 healthy controls (18 men, age: 59.00 ± 8.39 years), our 30 patients with PD  (24 men, age: 63.80 ± 12.00 years, 29 under treatment) showed no significant difference in the metabolite ratios in SN, Pu, and motor cortex. Nigral level of NAA/Cr was significantly correlated with total UPDRS score in patients with PD (r = -0.35, P = 0.08). Moreover, patients with PD with Hoehn and Yahr scale score ≥ 2 had a lower NAA/Cr level in SN compared to patients with a lower stage.
Conclusion: This study shows that 1.5 tesla proton MRS is unable to detect metabolite abnormalities in patients with PD who are under treatment. However, the NAA/Cr ratio in the SN might be a useful imaging biomarker for evaluation of disease severity in these patients.
Starry Sky on MRI Brain: Unusually Observed in a Pediatric Case of Japanese Encephalitis
Authors: Kumar Durgesh , Kumar Dinesh , Kumar Yadav Rajesh
Published: November 2022

A 13-year-old girl presented with fever, nausea and projectile vomiting and altered sensorium. On physical examination, the meningeal signs were presented without focal neurological deficits and Grade Ⅱ papilledema was presented on fundus examination. The patient was found to be positive for Japanese encephalitis virus in cerebrospinal fluid. Focal neurological deficit in the form of right hemiparesis was noticed at day 6 of hospitalisation. Multiple lesions with minimal enhancement with perilesional edema were observed in cerebral cortex in contrast with enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, givingrise to starry sky appearance. No tests for neurotuberculosis were found positive. Serum IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test was negative for Cysticercosis, but magnetic resonance spectroscopy was suggestive of cysticercal meningitis. During treatment, she had intermittent episodes of nausea and vomiting with waxing and waning sensorium. Subsequently, it was planned to start Albendazole after steroids coverage and anticonvulsants but the patient did not improve and succumbed to her illness.
Comparison of Instructors’ and Students’ Satisfaction with Traditional and Logbook Evaluation Methods in Internship of Public Health
Authors: NarjesMoasheri Bibi , Miri Mohammad Reza , Sharifzadeh Gholamreza
Published: November 2022

Background: Student evaluation is one of the most critical factors in learning. Instructors and students’ satisfaction with the evaluation method leads to better learning.
Objectives: The present study was conducted to compare the satisfaction of instructors and students in the field of public health with the two methods of traditional evaluation and evaluation using the clinical skills registration book (logbook) method.
Methods: In this study, 20 public health students and 12 instructors were evaluated in two consecutive semesters of internship. Initially, the evaluation was done in the traditional way in the first semester, and in the next semester, the evaluation method was performed with a logbook. At the end of the semester, students and instructors’ satisfaction was measured using a questionnaire. Data were coded and analyzed by SPSS version 19 software using paired t-test at a significance level of α = 5%.
Results: The mean age of students was 21.9 ± 0.6 years, and the mean age of instructors was 39.6 ± 8.4 years. The results showed that the mean total score of students’ satisfaction with the traditional evaluation method was 29.6 ± 6.9, and that of the logbook evaluation method was 30.3 ± 5.6. There was no significant difference between the mean scores of students’ satisfaction with the traditional and logbook evaluation methods (P = 0.6). The results also revealed that the instructors’ satisfaction was significantly more with the logbook evaluation method than with the traditional evaluation method (P = 0.01). Instructors also showed greater satisfaction with the logbook evaluation method than students (P = 0.02).
Conclusions: According to the views of students and instructors, continuous monitoring and review of logbook content should be given. Furthermore, the logbook and traditional methods can complement each other to meet the needs of students and instructors.