bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Activity of Six Essential Oils Extracted from Tunisian Plants against Legionella pneumophila
Authors: Chaftar Naouel , Girardot Marion , Quellard Nathalie , Labanowski Jérôme , Ghrairi Tawfik , Hani Khaled , Frère Jacques , Imbert Christine
Published: October 2015

The aim of this study was to investigate the composition of six essential oils extracted from Tunisian plants, i.e., Artemisia herba‐alba Asso, Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck, Juniperus phoenicea L., Rosmarinus officinalis L., Ruta graveolens L., and Thymus vulgaris L., and to evaluate their activity against Legionella pneumophila (microdilution assays). Eight Legionella pneumophila strains were studied, including the two well‐known serogroup 1 Lens and Paris strains as controls and six environmental strains isolated from Tunisian spas belonging to serogroups 1, 4, 5, 6, and 8. The essential oils were generally active against L. pneumophila. The activities of the A. herba‐alba, C. sinensis, and R. officinalis essential oils were strain‐dependent, whereas those of the J. phoenicea and T. vulgaris oils, showing the highest anti‐Legionella activities, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) lower than 0.03 and lower than or equal to 0.07 mg/ml, respectively, were independent of the strains' serogroup. Moreover, the microorganisms treated with T. vulgaris essential oil were shorter, swollen, and less electron‐dense compared to the untreated controls. Isoborneol (20.91%), (1S)‐α‐pinene (18.30%) β‐phellandrene (8.08%), α‐campholenal (7.91%), and α‐phellandrene (7.58%) were the major components isolated from the J. phoenicea oil, while carvacrol (88.50%) was the main compound of the T. vulgaris oil, followed by p‐cymene (7.86%). This study highlighted the potential interest of some essential oils extracted from Tunisian plants as biocides to prevent the Legionella risk.
Short Proline‐Rich Antimicrobial Peptides Inhibit Either the Bacterial 70S Ribosome or the Assembly of its Large 50S Subunit
Authors: Krizsan Andor , Prahl Caroline , Goldbach Tina , Knappe Daniel , Hoffmann Ralf
Published: October 2015

Short proline‐rich antimicrobial peptides (PrAMPs) are a promising class of antibiotics that use novel mechanisms, thus offering the potential to overcome the health threat of multiresistant pathogens. The peptides bind to the bacterial 70S ribosome and can inhibit protein translation. We report that PrAMPs can be divided into two classes, with each class binding to a different site, and thus use different lethal mechanisms. Oncocin‐type peptides inhibit protein translation inEscherichia coliby binding to the exit tunnel of the 70S ribosome with half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50values) of around 2 to 6 μmol L−1, whereas apidaecin‐type peptides block the assembly of the large (50S) subunit of the ribosome, resulting in similar IC50values. The revealed mechanisms should allow the design of new antibiotics to overcome current bacterial resistance mechanisms.
Solid‐State Bipolar Electrochemistry: Polymer‐Based Light‐Emitting Electrochemical Cells
Authors: Chen Shulun , Wantz Guillaume , Bouffier Laurent , Gao Jun
Published: October 2015

We present solid‐state, polymer‐based, light‐emitting electrochemical cells incorporating bipolar electrodes (BPEs) positioned between the driving electrodes. The dominant processes in these planar electrochemical cells are in situ electrochemical p and n doping of the luminescent conjugated polymer when a sufficient voltage bias is applied between the feeder anode and cathode. The inclusion of floating BPEs causes additional doping at the extremities of the BPE, which has been visualized through in situ fluorescence imaging. We investigate how the applied voltage bias and the BPE size affect electrochemical doping from the BPE. We observe an interesting delay in the appearance of doping from the BPE if the applied voltage bias was initially insufficient. Doping eventually occurs when the potential difference across the BPE/polymer interface becomes sufficient, as doping from the driving electrodes propagates. The inclusion of BPEs can lead to more efficient polymer light‐emitting and photovoltaic cells when a large number of active junctions are formed.
Direct Grafting of Free‐Base meso‐Triarylporphyrins on Electrode Materials through Diazonium Reduction: Reversible Zinc(II) Metallation of the Resulting Materials
Authors: Hebié Seydou , Devillers Charles H. , Fournier Sophie , Lucas Dominique
Published: October 2015

Electroreduction of free base meso‐diazonium‐triarylporphyrins, generated in situ from their corresponding meso‐aminotriarylporphyrin precursors, leads to the formation of a covalently grafted porphyrin film. In this new material, contrary to recently published results, the free base porphyrin core is directly bonded to the surface, that is, without any spacer such as phenyl fragments. These thin films are characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV), UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy and water angle contact. The electrochemical response is in agreement with a multilayer structure. Efficient and reversible zinc metallation of the immobilized porphyrin units is readily achieved opening the door to numerous applications in sensing and electrocatalysis.
Photodriven Multi‐electron Storage in Disubstituted RuIIDppz Analogues
Authors: Aslan Joseph M. , Boston David J. , MacDonnell Frederick M.
Published: October 2015

Four derivatives of the laminate acceptor ligand dipyrido‐[3,2‐a:2′,3′‐c]phenazine (dppz) and their corresponding ruthenium complexes, [Ru(phen)2(dppzX2)]2+, were prepared and characterized by NMR spectroscopy, ESI‐MS, and elemental analysis. The new ligands, generically denoted dppzX2, were symmetrically disubstituted on the distal benzene ring to give 10,13‐dibromodppz (dppz‐p‐Br), 11,12‐dibromodppz (dppz‐o‐Br), 10,13‐dicyanodppz (dppz‐p‐CN), 11,12‐dicyanodppz (dppz‐o‐CN). Solvated ground state MO calculations of the ruthenium complexes reveal that these electron‐withdrawing substituents not only lower the LUMO of the dppz ligand (dppz(CN)2<dppzBr2<dppz), but that theparadisubstitution results in a lower LUMO than theorthodisubstitution (dppz‐p‐CN<(dppz‐o‐CN), and dppz‐p‐Br<dppz‐o‐Br). The validity of the calculations was confirmed experimentally using cyclic voltammetry. Of the complexes evaluated in this study, only the dicyanodppz complexes showed multiple dppz‐based reductions prior to reduction of the phen ligands. The capacity to form singly and doubly reduced dppz‐based anions at modest reduction potentials was confirmed using a combination of spectroelectrochemical and chemical titration methods. When subjected to photolysis with visible light in the presence of a sacrificial donor, such as triethylamine, both cyano complexes showed multi‐electron reduction. The other complexes only show a single reduction.
Unmasking the Action of Phosphinous Acid Ligands in Nitrile Hydration Reactions Catalyzed by Arene–Ruthenium(II) Complexes
Authors: Tomás‐Mendivil Eder , Cadierno Victorio , Menéndez María I. , López Ramón
Published: October 2015

The catalytic hydration of benzonitrile and acetonitrile has been studied by employing different arene–ruthenium(II) complexes with phosphinous (PR2OH) and phosphorous acid (P(OR)2OH) ligands as catalysts. Marked differences in activity were found, depending on the nature of both the P‐donor and η6‐coordinated arene ligand. Faster transformations were always observed with the phosphinous acids. DFT computations unveiled the intriguing mechanism of acetonitrile hydration catalyzed by these arene–ruthenium(II) complexes. The process starts with attack on the nitrile carbon atom of the hydroxyl group of the P‐donor ligand instead of on a solvent water molecule, as previously suggested. The experimental results presented herein for acetonitrile and benzonitrile hydration catalyzed by different arene–ruthenium(II) complexes could be rationalized in terms of such a mechanism.
Enantioselective Total Synthesis of Secalonic Acid E
Authors: Ganapathy Dhandapani , Reiner Johannes R. , Löffler Lorenz E. , Ma Ling , Gnanaprakasam Boopathy , Niepötter Benedikt , Koehne Ingo , Tietze Lutz F.
Published: October 2015

The first enantioselective synthesis of a secalonic acid containing a dimeric tetrahydroxanthenone skeleton is described, using a Wacker‐type cyclization of a methoxyphenolic compound to form a chiral chroman with a quaternary carbon stereogenic center with >99 % ee. Further steps are a Sharpless dihydroxylation and a Dieckmann condensation to give a tetrahydroxanthenone. A late‐stage one‐pot palladium‐catalyzed Suzuki‐dimerization reaction leads to the 2,2′‐biphenol linkage to complete the enantioselective total synthesis of secalonic acid E in 18 steps with 8 % overall yield.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Ba26B12Si5N27 Containing [Si2] Dumbbells.
Authors: Takayuki Hashimoto , Yamane Hisanori , Becker Nils , Dronskowski Richard
Published: October 2015

Single crystals of Ba26B12Si5N27 are grown from a 1:0.5:0.25:3.6 molar mixture of Ba, Si, La, and Na on the wall of a BN crucible (BN crucible in stainless steel tube, 900 °C, 2 h; cooling to 300 °C at a rate of 4 °C/h).
ChemInform Abstract: Pb17O8Cl18: A Promising IR Nonlinear Optical Material with Large Laser Damage Threshold Synthesized in an Open System.
Authors: Zhang Hui , Zhang Min , Pan Shilie , Dong Xiaoyu , Yang Zhihua , Hou Xueling , Wang Zheng , Chang Kelvin B. , Poeppelmeier Kenneth R.
Published: October 2015

High‐quality single crystals of Pb17O8Cl18 with sizes of up to 7 mm x 2 mm x 2 mm are grown from a stoichiometric melt of PbO and PbCl2 (430 °C, 48 h) by a modified crystallization method in an open system.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure and Superconductivity in New Nb‐Based Cuprates (Nb,Ti,Cu)Sr2EuCu2Oz.
Authors: Lee H. K. , Kim Y. I.
Published: October 2015

Polycrystalline samples of (Nb1‐xCux)Sr2EuCu2Oz (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) and (Nb0.9‐xTi0.1Cux) Sr2EuCu2Oz (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.4) are prepared by calcination of stoichiometric amounts of the metal oxides in air (1010 °C, 7‐10 h) followed by sintering in O2 (1.
ChemInform Abstract: FeV2S4 as a High Capacity Electrode Material for Sodium‐Ion Batteries.
Authors: Krengel Markus , Adelhelm Philipp , Klein Franziska , Bensch Wolfgang
Published: October 2015

The title compound is synthesized by solid state reaction of a stoichiometric mixture of the elements (quartz tube, 1123 K, 5 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Improving Photocatalytic Water Reduction Activity for In2TiO5 by Loading Metal Cocatalysts.
Authors: Song Kai , Yang Jia , Sun Yu , Wang Ziyao , Wang Ling , Cong Rihong , Yang Tao
Published: October 2015

In2TiO5 is prepared by firing stoichiometric amounts of TiO2 and In2O3 in air (1050 °C, 15 h).
ChemInform Abstract: A Thermoelectric Zintl Phase Na2+xGa2+xSn4‐x with Disordered Na Atoms in Helical Tunnels.
Authors: Yamada Takahiro , Yamane Hisanori , Nagai Hideaki
Published: October 2015

Polycrystalline Na2+xGa2+xSn4‐x (x = ‐0.04—0.3) are prepared by first heating Na and Sn (BN crucible in steel container, 873 K, 2 h) before Ga is added to the cooled mixture and heated again (BN crucible, 1.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal and Electronic Structures of Two New Iron Selenides: Ba4Fe3Se10 and BaFe2Se4.
Authors: Berthebaud David , Perez Olivier , Tobola Janusz , Pelloquin Denis , Maignan Antoine
Published: October 2015

Ba4Fe3Se10 (I) and BaFe2Se4 (II) are prepared from stoichiometric amounts of the elements (evacuated silica tubes, 700 °C, 2 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Solvothermal Synthesis of Three Polymorphs of LiCoPO4 and Their Electrochemical Properties.
Authors: Kreder Karl J. III , Assat Gaurav , Manthiram Arumugam
Published: October 2015

Three orthorhombic polymorphs of LiCoPO4 belonging to the space groups Pnma, Pn21a, and Cmcm are synthesized by a microwave‐assisted solvothermal method from mixtures of LiOH, Co(OAc)2, and H3PO4 using tetra‐ethylene glycol as the solvent (microwave vessel, 260 °C, 30 min).
ChemInform Abstract: Ba2Cu2Te2P2O13: A New Telluro‐Phosphate with S=1/2 Heisenberg Chain.
Authors: Xia Mingjun , Shen Shipeng , Lu Jun , Sun Young , Li R. K.
Published: October 2015

Single crystals of Ba2Cu2Te2P2O13 are grown by firing BaCO3, TeO2, CuO, and NH4H2PO4 in the molar ratio of 3:4:3:2, resp.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Bi6 (Bi0.5Cu0.5)V2O15+y.
Authors: Gupta Akanksha , Uma S.
Published: October 2015

Polycrystalline Bi6 (Bi0.5Cu0.5)V2O15+y is prepared by heating a 3:1:1 molar mixture of Bi2O3, CuO, and V2O5 (750 °C, 12 h), and single crystals are grown from the polycrystalline product (Pt crucible, 1000 °C; cooling to 850 °C °C with a rate of 2 °C/h and to 750 °C with a rate of 5 °C/h).
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Catalyzed Oxidative C—C and C—O Coupling of Halophenols to α‐Substituted β‐Keto Esters.
Authors: Regev Almog , Shalit Hadas , Pappo Doron
Published: October 2015

The chemoselectivity of these reactions is determined by both the electronic and steric properties of the two coupling partners.
ChemInform Abstract: N,N′‐Dioxide/Zinc Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide Complex Catalyzed Enantioselective Diels—Alder Reaction of Cyclopentadiene with Alkynones.
Authors: Kang Tengfei , Wang Zhen , Lin Lili , Liao Yuting , Zhou Yuhang , Liu Xiaohua , Feng Xiaoming
Published: October 2015

The title process affords 2‐acyl substituted norbornadienes in moderate to high yields with good enantiomeric excess up to 95%.
ChemInform Abstract: Dual Hypervalent Iodine(III) Reagents and Photoredox Catalysis Enable Decarboxylative Ynonylation under Mild Conditions.
Authors: Huang Hanchu , Zhang Guojin , Chen Yiyun
Published: October 2015

The first hypervalent iodine reagent (HIR)/photoredox dual catalysis to form radicals from α‐ketoacids, followed by an unprecedented acyl radical addition to HIR‐bound alkynes is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Iodine Promoted α‐Hydroxylation of Ketones.
Authors: Siddaraju Yogesh , Prabhu Kandikere Ramaiah
Published: October 2015

A variety of aromatic and hetaromatic ketones are successfully α‐hydroxylated.
ChemInform Abstract: Remote Hydroxylation Through Radical Translocation and Polar Crossover.
Authors: Hollister Kyle A. , Conner Elizabeth S. , Spell Mark L. , Deveaux Kristina , Maneval Lea , Beal Michael W. , Ragains Justin R.
Published: October 2015

The site‐selective replacement of relatively inert aliphatic C—H bonds with the hydroxy group is facilitated by employing the photocatalyst together with sulfonate esters and sulfonamides and involves a radical translocation, oxidation to carbocation, and nucleophilic trapping with H2O under mild reaction conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Reversible Substrate Activation and Catalysis at an Intact Metal—Metal Bond Using a Redox‐Active Supporting Ligand.
Authors: Steiman Talia J. , Uyeda Christopher
Published: October 2015

Based on a dinuclear mode of activation, a Ni2(naphthyridine‐diimine) complex catalyzes the high‐yielding hydrosilylation of alkenes, dienes, alkynes, aldehydes, ketones, enones, and amides.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel Promoted Switchable Hydroheteroarylation of Cyclodienes via C—H Bond Activation of Heteroarenes.
Authors: Lee Wei‐Chih , Shih Wei‐Chin , Wang Ting‐Hsuan , Liu Yuhua , Yap Glenn P.A. , Ong Tiow‐Gan
Published: October 2015

By simply changing the ligand, the regioselectivity of the title reaction can be switched.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Catalyzed C(sp2)—H and C(sp3)—H Methylations of Amides and Anilides.
Authors: Graczyk Karolina , Haven Tobias , Ackermann Lutz
Published: October 2015

The use of easily accessible modular TAM auxiliaries allow the site‐, chemo‐, and diastereoselective C—H methylation of (hetero)benzamides, anilides, alkenes, and even alkanes.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoselective Synthesis of Biheterocyclic Skeletons Tetrahydro‐1H‐pyrrolo[1,2‐c]imidazole and Tetrahydropyrrolo[1,2‐c]thiazole Derivatives via Multicomponent Self‐Sorting Domino Strategy.
Authors: Cai Qun , Jia Feng‐Cheng , Li Deng‐Kui , Xu Cheng , Ding Ke‐Rong , Wu An‐Xin
Published: October 2015

A convenient and efficient approach for the synthesis of the title imidazole and thiazole derivatives from readily available starting materials by simple solvent‐switching is demonstrated.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Chemoselective Synthesis of Indane‐1,3‐dione Derivatives via tert‐Butyl Isocyanide Insertion.
Authors: Duan Huaqing , Chen Zhong , Han Li , Feng Yulin , Zhu Yongming , Yang Shilin
Published: October 2015

Starting from various aryl and alkyl substituted acetophenone or 3‐arylacetylacetone derivatives numerous indane‐1,3‐diones are prepared either protected as tert‐butyl imine derivatives or in their unprotected form.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct C—N Bond Cleavage of N‐Vinyl or N‐Allyl Arylamines: A Metal‐Free Strategy for N‐Devinylation and N‐Deallylation.
Authors: Balgotra Shilpi , Venkateswarlu Vunnam , Vishwakarma Ram A. , Sawant Sanghapal D.
Published: October 2015

Treatment of N‐vinyl and N‐allyl arylamines with TFA/Oxone results in devinylation or deallylation, N‐trifluoroacetylation, and ortho‐hydroxylation to give the corresponding o‐aminophenyl derivatives (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoselective Reductive Amination of Carbonyl Compounds for the Synthesis of Tertiary Amines Using SnCl2·2H2O/PMHS/MeOH.
Authors: Nayal Onkar S. , Bhatt Vinod , Sharma Sushila , Kumar Neeraj
Published: October 2015

Carbonyl compounds are aminated by aromatic amines to give tertiary and secondary amines chemoselectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Regio‐ and Stereoselective Ring‐Opening of Cyclic Sulfamidates with Grignard Reagents Assisted by Lithium Chloride.
Authors: Arigala Pitchaiah , Sadu Venkata S. , Hwang In‐Taek , Hwang Jin‐Soo , Kim Chul‐Ung , Lee Kee‐In
Published: October 2015

The title reaction provides α‐branched benzylamine derivatives in high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: 4‐CH3CONH‐TEMPO/Peracetic Acid System for a Shortened Electron‐Transfer‐Cycle‐Controlled Oxidation of Secondary Alcohols.
Authors: Zhang Shufang , Miao Chengxia , Xia Chungu , Sun Wei
Published: October 2015

The reagent system allows the oxidation of a wide variety of secondary alcohols into ketones under mild, metal‐free conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: General Approach to a Spiro Indole‐3,1′‐naphthalene Tetracyclic System: Stereoselective Pseudo Four‐Component Reaction of Isatins and Cyclic Ketones with Two Molecules of Malononitrile.
Authors: Elinson M. N. , Vereshchagin A. N. , Nasybullin R. F. , Bobrovsky S. I. , Ilovaisky A. I. , Merkulova V. M. , Bushmarinov I. S. , Egorov M. P.
Published: October 2015

A base‐promoted multicomponent reaction of isatins, cyclic ketones, and malononitrile affords tetracyclic spirooxindoles stereoselectively.
ChemInform Abstract: A Mild and Efficient CH2‐Extrusion Reaction for the Enantiospecific Synthesis of Highly Configurationally Stable Troeger Bases.
Authors: Pujari Sandip A. , Besnard Celine , Buergi Thomas , Lacour Jerome
Published: October 2015

Oxidation of ethano‐Troeger bases (I) and (III) with DDQ in wet nitromethane results in a highly enantiospecific methylene extrusion to afford ring contracted products (II) and (IV) which are significantly more configurationally stable than regular Troeger bases.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Benzofurans via Tandem Rhodium‐Catalyzed C(sp3)—H Insertion and Copper‐Catalyzed Dehydrogenation.
Authors: Li Lin , Xia Xiao‐Han , Wang Yong , Bora Pranjal P. , Kang Qiang
Published: October 2015

Benzofurane derivatives are prepared from triazole substrates via a tandem insertion/aerobic oxidation sequence.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd(OAc)2/AgOAc Catalytic System Based Bidentate Ligand Directed Regiocontrolled C—H Arylation and Alkylation of the C‐3 Position of Thiophene‐ and Furan‐2‐carboxamides.
Authors: Padmavathi Rayavarapu , Sankar Rathinam , Gopalakrishnan Bojan , Parella Ramarao , Babu Srinivasarao Arulananda
Published: October 2015

The title procedure is investigated for various educts bearing different ligands at the amide nitrogen.
ChemInform Abstract: Heterogeneous Fe‐MIL‐101 Catalysts for Efficient One‐Pot Four‐Component Coupling Synthesis of Highly Substituted Pyrroles.
Authors: Tang Jia , Yang Mu , Yang Ming , Wang Jingjing , Dong Wenjun , Wang Ge
Published: October 2015

The entitled catalyst exhibits an higher activity than Fe‐MIL‐88B and Fe‐MIL‐53 due to its higher surface area and larger pore size.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Tandem Reaction of γ‐Amino‐Substituted Propargylic Esters to Pyrrolines and Its Application in the Formal Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐Aphanorphine.
Authors: Wang Zhengshen , Zheng Huaiji , Yang Juan , Xie Xingang , She Xuegong
Published: October 2015

A wide range of pyrrolines are prepared through a gold(I)‐catalyzed tandem 1,3‐acyloxy rearrangement/intramolecular azacyclization reaction of propargylic esters.
ChemInform Abstract: Unified Approach to Isoindolinones and THIQs via Lewis Acid Catalyzed Domino Mukaiyama—Mannich Lactamization/Alkylations: Application in the Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐Homolaudanosine.
Authors: Dhanasekaran Sivasankaran , Kayet Anirban , Suneja Arun , Bisai Vishnumaya , Singh Vinod K.
Published: October 2015

Electron‐deficient amines, e.g. Tos‐NH2 and Cbz‐NH2, do not react in this procedure.
ChemInform Abstract: Friedel—Crafts Alkylation of Indoles in Deep Eutectic Solvent.
Authors: Kumar Atul , Shukla Ratnakar Dutt , Yadav Dhiraj , Gupta Lalit Prakash
Published: October 2015

In addition to the Lewis‐acid free Friedel—Crafts alkylation of indoles with isatin, acenaphthylene‐1,2‐dione and aceanthrylene‐1,2‐dione are transformed.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper/β‐Diketone‐Catalyzed N‐Arylation of Carbazoles.
Authors: Chen Fei , Liu Ning , Ji Enhui , Dai Bin
Published: October 2015

The developed method allows for the efficient transformation of carbazoles equipped with no or electron‐donating groups while electron‐withdrawing groups lead to lower product yields.
ChemInform Abstract: A Simple and Efficient 2N2O‐Cu(II) Complex as a Catalyst for N‐Arylation of Imidazoles in Water.
Authors: Liu Yashuai , Gu Ningning , Liu Ping , Xie Jianwei , Dai Bin , Liu Yan
Published: October 2015

Four inexpensive and air‐ and moisture‐stable 2N2O—Cu complexes are synthesized, one of them shows good catalytic activity for the N‐arylation of imidazoles in water.
ChemInform Abstract: Increased SBA‐15‐SO3H Catalytic Activity Through Hydrophilic/Hydrophobic Fluoroalkyl‐Chained Alcohols (RFOH/SBA‐15—Pr‐SO3H).
Authors: Rostamnia Sadegh , Doustkhah Esmail
Published: October 2015

The catalyst is recyclable and reusable at least 8 times.
ChemInform Abstract: Cu/Pd‐Catalyzed, Three‐Component Click Reaction of Azide, Alkyne, and Aryl Halide: One‐Pot Strategy Toward Trisubstituted Triazoles.
Authors: Wei Fang , Li Haoyu , Song Chuanling , Ma Yudao , Zhou Ling , Tung Chen‐Ho , Xu Zhenghu
Published: October 2015

This is a general method for the synthesis of triazoles with various different substituents.
ChemInform Abstract: PEG‐Assisted Two‐Component Approach for the Facile Synthesis of 5‐Aryl‐1,2,4‐triazolidine‐3‐thiones under Catalyst‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Ramesh Rathinam , Lalitha Appaswami
Published: October 2015

The title synthesis is conducted under very convenient neutral reaction conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Application of a Functionalized Mesoporous Silica Catalyst to the Synthesis of Tetrazoles.
Authors: Najafi Chermahini Alireza , Khani Omran Masoud , Dabbagh Hossein A. , Mohammadnezhad Gholamhossein , Teimouri Abbas
Published: October 2015

A new strategy for the formation of a wide range of substituted tetrazoles (II) by using modified MCM‐41 via the [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of nitriles and sodium azide is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Tris‐hydroxymethylaminomethane (THAM): A Novel Organocatalyst for a Environmentally Benign Synthesis of Medicinally Important Tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyrans and Pyran‐Annulated Heterocycles.
Authors: Pandit Kapil S. , Chavan Pramod V. , Desai Uday V. , Kulkarni Makarand A. , Wadgaonkar Prakash P.
Published: October 2015

The entitled organocatalyst is non‐toxic, cheap, bio‐degradable and easy to handle, and is used in the synthesis of pyran‐annulated heterocycles for the first time.
ChemInform Abstract: Divergent Method to trans‐5‐Hydroxy‐6‐alkynyl/alkenyl‐2‐piperidinones: Syntheses of (—)‐Epiquinamide and (+)‐Swainsonine.
Authors: Si Chang‐Mei , Mao Zhuo‐Ya , Dong Han‐Qing , Du Zhen‐Ting , Wei Bang‐Guo , Lin Guo‐Qiang
Published: October 2015

A convenient, one‐pot cascade for the reaction of a γ‐methoxycarbonyl aldimine with alkynyl‐ and alkenyl Grignard reagents to give piperidinones is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Tetraarylpyridines by Chemo‐Selective Suzuki—Miyaura Reactions of 3,5‐Dibromo‐2,6‐dichloropyridine.
Authors: Reimann Sebastian , Parpart Silvio , Ehlers Peter , Sharif Muhammad , Spannenberg Anke , Langer Peter
Published: October 2015

Conditions for the chemoselective preparation of 3,5‐diaryl‐2,6‐dichloropyridines which are further transformed to 2,3,5,6‐tetraarylpyridines bearing two different aryl groups are described.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Quinolines and Imines under Mild Conditions.
Authors: Yadav Dilip Kumar T. , Bhanage Bhalchandra M.
Published: October 2015

Various aryl amines react with either allyl alcohol or crotyl alcohol to form quinolines in efficient manner.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Organocatalytic Michael Addition/Aza‐Cyclization Coupled with Sequential Michael Addition for Synthesizing Densely Polycyclic‐Fused Dihydroquinolines.
Authors: Yu Mirim , Kim Sung‐Gon
Published: October 2015

The title reaction sequence provides the products with excellent dia‐ and enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron/Acetic Acid Mediated Synthesis of 6,7‐Dihydrodibenzo[b,j][1,7]phenanthroline Derivatives via Intramolecular Reductive Cyclization.
Authors: Rajawinslin R. R. , Ichake Sachin S. , Kavala Veerababurao , Gawande Sachin D. , Huang Yi‐Hsiang , Kuo Chun‐Wei , Yao Ching‐Fa
Published: October 2015

The scalable reaction procedure tolerates various substituents.
ChemInform Abstract: Dioxanone‐Fused Dienes Enable Highly endo‐Selective Intramolecular Diels—Alder Reactions.
Authors: Aoki Yoshifumi , Ohmori Ken , Suzuki Keisuke
Published: October 2015

affording functionalized trans‐fused bicyclic compounds from the corresponding alcohols
ChemInform Abstract: Molecular Iodine Catalyzed Domino Cyclization in Aqueous Medium: A Simple and Efficient Synthetic Route to 1,4‐Dihydropyridazines.
Authors: Siddiqui I. R. , Rahila Rahila , Rai Pragati , Sagir Hozeyfa , Waseem Malik A.
Published: October 2015

Environmentally friendly reaction conditions with an inexpensive and recoverable catalyst, avoidance of toxic reagents and volatile solvents, operational simplicity, and the compatibility with various functional groups are the advantages of the present procedure.
ChemInform Abstract: Molybdate Sulfuric Acid (MSA): An Efficient Solid Acid Catalyst for the Synthesis of Diversely Functionalized Fused Imidazo[1,2‐a]pyrimidines under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Shinde Vijay Vilas , Jeong Yeon Tae
Published: October 2015

The entitled compounds (IV) are formed in an one‐pot multi‐component, green, and efficient protocol.
ChemInform Abstract: Radical‐Induced Metal‐Free Alkynylation of Aldehydes by Direct C—H Activation
Authors: Liu Xuesong , Yu Linqian , Luo Mupeng , Zhu Jidong , Wei Wanguo
Published: October 2015

using a hypervalent iodine alkynylation reagent for the introduction of the triple bond under metal‐free reaction conditions
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Chiral Nβ‐Protected Amino Diselenides from the Corresponding Amino Alkyl Iodides Using NaBH2Se3 as a Selenating Reagent and Their Conversion to Seleninic Acids.
Authors: Panguluri Nageswara Rao , Panduranga Veladi , Prabhu Girish , Vishwanatha T. M. , Sureshbabu Vommina V.
Published: October 2015

The protocol is based on the in‐situ‐formation of NaBH2Se3 and operates efficiently using various amino alkyl iodides, including N‐Boc, Cbz, and Fmoc protected ones as well as alkyl and aryl substituted ones and amino acid derived compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Kaempulchraols I—O: New Isopimarane Diterpenoids from Kaempferia pulchra rhizomes Collected in Myanmar and Their Antiproliferative Activity.
Authors: Win Nwet Nwet , Ito Takuya , Aimaiti Simayijiang , Kodama Takeshi , Imagawa Hiroshi , Ngwe Hla , Asakawa Yoshinori , Abe Ikuro , Morita Hiroyuki
Published: October 2015

The isolation and structure elucidation of kaempulchraols I (Ia), J (Ib), K (IIa), L (IIb), M (III), N (IVa), and O (IVb) is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Epimeric Excolides from the Stems of Excoecaria agallocha and Structural Revision of Rhizophorin A.
Authors: Annam S. CH. V. Appa Rao , Ankireddy Madhu , Sura Madhu Babu , Ponnapalli Mangala Gowri , Sarma Akella V. S. , Jeelani Basha S.
Published: October 2015

Excolide A (I), 11‐epi‐excolide A (II), 11,13‐di‐epi‐excolide A (III), and excolide B (IV) are the first examples of a new class of secolabdanoids from the title species.
ChemInform Abstract: Formal Synthesis of Sarain A: Intramolecular Cycloaddition of an Eight‐Membered Cyclic Nitrone to Construct the 2‐Azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane Framework.
Authors: Higo Takuya , Ukegawa Tomoya , Yokoshima Satoshi , Fukuyama Tohru
Published: October 2015

A synthetic route to the tetracyclic skeleton of sarain A is developed, featuring an intramolecular cycloaddition of an eight‐membered cyclic nitrone to construct the 2‐azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane framework and an iodoamidation reaction to form the pyrrolidine ring.
ChemInform Abstract: Six New Polyacetylenic Alcohols from the Marine Sponges Petrosia sp. and Halichondria sp.
Authors: Gabriel Adeyemi Francis , Li Zhen , Kusuda Ryouhei , Tanaka Chiaki , Miyamoto Tomofumi Miyamoto Tomofumi
Published: October 2015

Six new polyacetylenic alcohols, termed strongylotriols A (Ia) and B (Ib), isopellynol A (II), pellynols J (IIIa), K (IIIb), and L (IV) are isolated from the marine sponges Petrosia sp., and Halichondria sp.
ChemInform Abstract: Terfestatins B and C, New p‐Terphenyl Glycosides Produced by Streptomyces sp. RM‐5—8.
Authors: Thorson Jon S. , et al.
Published: October 2015

Terfestatins B (I) and C (II) as well as indole derivative (III) bear a novel 4‐deoxy‐α‐L‐threo‐hex‐4‐enopyranuronate residue.
ChemInform Abstract: In situ Powder Diffraction Studies of Electrode Materials in Rechargeable Batteries
Authors: Sharma Neeraj , Pang Wei Kong , Guo Zaiping , Peterson Vanessa K.
Published: October 2015

Review: [100 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Developments and Future Prospects of All‐Metal Aromatic Compounds
Authors: Mercero Jose M. , Boldyrev Alexander I. , Merino Gabriel , Ugalde Jesus M.
Published: October 2015

Review: 135 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Metallic Nanocrystals Synthesized in Solution: A Brief Review of Crystal Shape Theory and Crystallographic Characterization
Authors: Kappes Branden B. , Leong G. Jeremy , Gilmer George H. , Richards Ryan M. , Ciobanu Cristian V.
Published: October 2015

Review: 73 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Developments in the Synthesis and Reactivity of Isoxazoles: Metal Catalysis and Beyond
Authors: Hu Feng , Szostak Michal
Published: October 2015

Review: [141 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Benzothiazepines: Chemistry of a Privileged Scaffold
Authors: Saha Debasmita , Jain Garima , Sharma Anuj
Published: October 2015

Review: [80 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalysts for C‐H Functionalization: Platinum, Gold and Even Nanodiamonds
Authors: Shestakov Alexandr F. , Goldshleger Nataliya F.
Published: October 2015

Review: 194 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in the Application of Group‐10 Transition Metal Based Catalysts in C‐H Activation and Functionalization
Authors: Khan Muhammad S. , Haque Ashanul , Al‐Suti Mohammed K. , Raithby Paul R.
Published: October 2015

Review: 172 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Development of Method for Effective Synthesis of Asymmetric Allylic Alcohol Using Methylenecyclopropane in the Presence of Nickel Complex Catalyst
Authors: Ogata Kenichi
Published: October 2015

Review: 3 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Macrocyclization Reactions: The Importance of Conformational, Configurational, and Template‐Induced Preorganization
Authors: Marti‐Centelles Vicente , Pandey Mrituanjay D. , Burguete M. Isabel , Luis Santiago V.
Published: October 2015

Review: 533 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Dialkylzinc‐Mediated Alkynylation, Arylation and Alkenylation of Carbonyl Groups
Authors: Bauer Tomasz
Published: October 2015

Review: 304 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Surface‐Catalyzed C‐C Covalent Coupling Strategies Toward the Synthesis of Low‐Dimensional Carbon‐Based Nanostructures
Authors: Fan Qitang , Gottfried J. Michael , Zhu Junfa
Published: October 2015

Review: 48 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Self‐Assembly of Nanostructured Materials Through Irreversible Covalent Bond Formation
Authors: Baek Kangkyun , Hwang Ilha , Roy Indranil , Shetty Dinesh , Kim Kimoon
Published: October 2015

Review: 47 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: From Synthesis to Function via Iterative Assembly of N‐Methyliminodiacetic Acid Boronate Building Blocks
Authors: Li Junqi , Grillo Anthony S. , Burke Martin D.
Published: October 2015

Review: 80 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Biological Activities and Therapeutic Properties of Esculetin and Its Derivatives
Authors: Mao Gennian , Zhang Shiyun , Song Huihui , Ding Shujun , Zhu Peihai , Wang Xuechuan , Liang Chengyuan
Published: October 2015

Review: 53 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereospecific Nickel‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reactions of Benzylic Ethers and Esters
Authors: Tollefson Emily J. , Hanna Luke E. , Jarvo Elizabeth R.
Published: October 2015

Review: 90 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Synthetic Additions to the Visible Light Photoredox Catalysis Toolbox
Authors: Angnes Ricardo A. , Li Zhou , Correia Carlos Roque D. , Hammond Gerald B.
Published: October 2015

Review: [93 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemistry of Fluorinated Carbon Acids: Synthesis, Physicochemical Properties, and Catalysis
Authors: Yanai Hikaru
Published: October 2015

Review: 60 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd‐Catalyzed Hydrogen‐Transfer Reactions from Alcohols to C=C, C=O, and C=N Bonds
Authors: Muzart Jaques
Published: October 2015

Review: [highlights and mechanisms; 86 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Aromaticity of Metallabenzenes and Related Compounds
Authors: Fernandez Israel , Frenking Gernot , Merino Gabriel
Published: October 2015

Review: [78 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure, Interaction and Hydrogen Bond
Authors: Dong Kun , Wang Qian , Lu Xingmei , Zhou Qing , Zhang Suojiang
Published: October 2015

Review: 121 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrogen Storage Materials for Mobile and Stationary Applications: Current State of the Art
Authors: Aguey‐Zinsou Kondo‐Francois , et al.
Published: October 2015

Review: [465 refs.
Stereoselective Degradation of alpha‐Cypermethrin and Its Enantiomers in Rat Liver Microsomes
Authors: Yan Jin , Zhang Ping , Wang Xinru , Xu Meiqi , Wang Yao , Zhou Zhiqiang , Zhu Wentao
Published: October 2015

Alpha‐cypermethrin (α‐CP), [(RS)‐a‐cyano‐3‐phenoxy benzyl (1RS)‐cis‐3‐(2, 2‐dichlorovinyl)‐2, 2‐dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate], comprises a diastereoisomer pair of cypermethrin, which are (+)‐(1R‐cis‐αS)–CP (insecticidal) and (−)‐(1S‐cis‐αR)–CP (inactive). In this experiment, the stereoselective degradation of α‐CP was investigated in rat liver microsomes by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a cellulose‐tris‐ (3, 5‐dimethylphenylcarbamate)‐based chiral stationary phase. The results revealed that the degradation of (−)‐(1S‐cis‐αR)‐CP was much faster than (+)‐(1R‐cis‐αS)‐CP both in enantiomer monomers and rac‐α‐CP. As for the enzyme kinetic parameters, there were some variances between rac‐α‐CP and the enantiomer monomers. In rac‐α‐CP, the Vmax and CLint of (+)‐(1R‐cis‐αS)–CP (5105.22 ± 326.26 nM/min/mg protein and 189.64 mL/min/mg protein) were about one‐half of those of (−)‐(1S‐cis‐αR)–CP (9308.57 ± 772.24 nM/min/mg protein and 352.19 mL/min/mg protein), while the Km of the two α‐CP enantiomers were similar. However, in the enantiomer monomers of α‐CP, the Vmax and Km of (+)‐(1R‐cis‐αS) ‐CP were 2‐fold and 5‐fold of (−)‐(1S‐cis‐αR)‐CP, respectively, which showed a significant difference with rac‐α‐CP. The CLint of (+)‐(1R‐cis‐αS)–CP (140.97 mL/min/mg protein) was still about one‐half of (−)‐(1S‐cis‐αR)–CP (325.72 mL/min/mg protein) in enantiomer monomers. The interaction of enantiomers of α‐CP in rat liver microsomes was researched and the results showed that there were different interactions between the IC50 of (−)‐ to (+)‐(1R‐cis‐αS)‐CP and (+)‐ to (−)‐(1S‐cis‐αR)‐CP(IC50(−)/(+) / IC50(+)/(−) = 0.61). Chirality 28:58–64, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Elimination du zinc par les cosses de petits pois (Pisum sativum) et les feuilles de lierre (Hedera helix L) Elimination of zinc by peapods (Pisum sativum) and ivy leaves (Hedera helix L)
Authors: Menia Sabah , Azzouz Noureddine , El Maleh Samuel
Published: October 2015

La pollution des eaux souterraines et de surface par les métaux lourds constitue un grand problème pour l'environnement ; de ce fait il s'avère nécessaire de pouvoir éliminer ces substances toxiques. Il existe de nombreuses méthodes qui permettent d'éliminer ces dernières, telles que l'adsorption, la précipitation chimique et la filtration sur membrane.

Dans notre étude, le zinc a été adsorbé sur les cosses de petits pois et les feuilles de lierre. Un temps de réaction de 30 minutes a été obtenu pour les deux adsorbants ; ainsi qu'un pH optimal égal à 4 pour les feuilles de lierre et à 5 pour les cosses de petits pois. Les résultats obtenus montrent également que les isothermes d'adsorption sont de type I.
Robust estimation for longitudinal data with informative observation times
Authors: Liu Kin‐yat , Zhao Xingqiu
Published: October 2015

In this paper we focus on regression analysis of irregularly observed longitudinal data that often occur in medical follow‐up studies and observational investigations. The analysis of these data involves two processes. One is the underlying longitudinal response process of interest and the other is the observation process that controls observation times. Most of the existing methods, however, rely on some restrictive models or assumptions such as the Poisson assumption. For this we propose a class of more flexible joint models and a robust estimation approach for regression analysis of longitudinal data with related observation times. The asymptotic properties of the proposed estimators are established and a model checking procedure is also presented. The numerical studies indicate that the proposed methods work well for practical situations. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 43: 519–533; 2015 © 2015 Statistical Society of Canada
Impact of Frailty and Functional Status on Outcomes in Elderly Patients With ST‐Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary Angioplasty: Rationale and Design of the IFFANIAM Study
Authors: Ariza‐Solé Albert , Formiga Francesc , Vidán Maria T. , Bueno Héctor , Curós Antoni , Aboal Jaime , Llibre Cinta , Rueda Ferran , Bernal Eva , Cequier Angel
Published: October 2015

The IFFANIAM study (Impact of frailty and functional status in elderly patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary angioplasty) is an observational multicenter registry to assess the impact of frailty and functional status on outcomes of elderly patients with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary angioplasty. STEMI patients age 75 years or older undergoing primary angioplasty will be extensively studied during admission in 4 tertiary care Hospitals in Spain, assessing their baseline functional status (Barthel index, Lawton‐Brody index), frailty (Fried criteria, FRAIL scale [fatigue, resistance, ambulation, illnesses, and loss of weight]), comorbidities (Charlson index), nutritional status (Mini Nutritional Assessment–Short Form), and quality of life (Seattle Angina Questionnaire). Participants will be managed according current recommendations. The primary outcome will be the description of 1‐year mortality, its causes, and associated factors. Secondary outcomes will be functional capacity and quality of life. Results will help to better understand the impact of frailty and functional ability on outcomes in elderly STEMI patients undergoing primary angioplasty, thus potentially contributing to improving their clinical management. Higher life expectancy has resulted in a large segment of elderly population and an increase in myocardial infarction in these patients. This calls attention to healthcare systems to focus on promoting methods to improve the clinical management of this population.
Simultaneous Improvement in Structural Properties and Microwave Shielding of Polymer Blends with Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Biswas Sourav , Kar Goutam Prasanna , Bose Suryasarathi
Published: October 2015

Precise control in dispersing nanostructured materials in a polymer blend structure is a key requirement in designing materials with tailor‐made properties. In this study, the dispersion of a conducting additive (multiwalled carbon nanotubes, MWNTs) in a co‐continuous polymer blend structure was controlled by introducing surface‐active groups, which react in situ and localize in the thermodynamically nonpreferred phase. In addition, by modifying the MWNTs with a macromolecule, which is mutually miscible with the entities, the nanoscopic particles can be localized at the interface. This way, different MWNTs can be positioned in different phases under macroscopic processing conditions. Herein, we report that this unique strategy has led to simultaneous enhancement in both mechanical strength and electrical conductivity of the blend nanocomposites. In addition, intriguingly, the microwave shielding efficiency can also be tuned by this ordered arrangement of MWNTs in the blend structure in striking contrast to when the MWNTs are in the thermodynamically favored phase. An outstanding two‐fold enhancement in the Young′s modulus, as compared to control blends, and an impressive bulk electrical conductivity of 1 S m−1 was noted for a particular blend structure wherein different MWNTs were positioned in different phases. In addition, the best blend structure designed here also exhibited a minimum reflection loss (RL) of approximately −61 dB and a shielding effectiveness of >30 dB at 18 GHz. These data uncover the importance of polymer blends in designing lightweight electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials.
lin28 proteins promote expression of 17∼92 family miRNAs during amphibian development
Authors: Warrander Fiona , Faas Laura , Kovalevskiy Oleg , Peters Daniel , Coles Mark , Antson Alfred A. , Genever Paul , Isaacs Harry V.
Published: October 2015

Background: Lin28 proteins are post‐transcriptional regulators of gene expression with multiple roles in development and the regulation of pluripotency in stem cells. Much attention has focussed on Lin28 proteins as negative regulators of let‐7 miRNA biogenesis; a function that is conserved in several animal groups and in multiple processes. However, there is increasing evidence that Lin28 proteins have additional roles, distinct from regulation of let‐7 abundance. We have previously demonstrated that lin28 proteins have functions associated with the regulation of early cell lineage specification in Xenopus embryos, independent of a lin28/let‐7 regulatory axis. However, the nature of lin28 targets in Xenopus development remains obscure. Results: Here, we show that mir‐17∼92 and mir‐106∼363 cluster miRNAs are down‐regulated in response to lin28 knockdown, and RNAs from these clusters are co‐expressed with lin28 genes during germ layer specification. Mature miRNAs derived from pre‐mir‐363 are most sensitive to lin28 inhibition. We demonstrate that lin28a binds to the terminal loop of pre‐mir‐363 with an affinity similar to that of let‐7, and that this high affinity interaction requires to conserved a GGAG motif. Conclusions: Our data suggest a novel function for amphibian lin28 proteins as positive regulators of mir‐17∼92 family miRNAs. Developmental Dynamics 245:34–46, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
multimark: an R package for analysis of capture–recapture data consisting of multiple “noninvasive” marks
Authors: McClintock Brett T.
Published: October 2015

I describe an open‐source R package, multimark, for estimation of survival and abundance from capture–mark–recapture data consisting of multiple “noninvasive” marks. Noninvasive marks include natural pelt or skin patterns, scars, and genetic markers that enable individual identification in lieu of physical capture. multimark provides a means for combining and jointly analyzing encounter histories from multiple noninvasive sources that otherwise cannot be reliably matched (e.g., left‐ and right‐sided photographs of bilaterally asymmetrical individuals). The package is currently capable of fitting open population Cormack–Jolly–Seber (CJS) and closed population abundance models with up to two mark types using Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods. multimark can also be used for Bayesian analyses of conventional capture–recapture data consisting of a single‐mark type. Some package features include (1) general model specification using formulas already familiar to most R users, (2) ability to include temporal, behavioral, age, cohort, and individual heterogeneity effects in detection and survival probabilities, (3) improved MCMC algorithm that is computationally faster and more efficient than previously proposed methods, (4) Bayesian multimodel inference using reversible jump MCMC, and (5) data simulation capabilities for power analyses and assessing model performance. I demonstrate use of multimark using left‐ and right‐sided encounter histories for bobcats (Lynx rufus) collected from remote single‐camera stations in southern California. In this example, there is evidence of a behavioral effect (i.e., trap “happy” response) that is otherwise indiscernible using conventional single‐sided analyses. The package will be most useful to ecologists seeking stronger inferences by combining different sources of mark–recapture data that are difficult (or impossible) to reliably reconcile, particularly with the sparse datasets typical of rare or elusive species for which noninvasive sampling techniques are most commonly employed. Addressing deficiencies in currently available software, multimark also provides a user‐friendly interface for performing Bayesian multimodel inference using capture–recapture data consisting of a single conventional mark or multiple noninvasive marks.
Determination of daily eco‐hydrographs by the fish spawning habitat suitability model and application to reservoir eco‐operation
Authors: Li Ruonan , Chen Qiuwen , Han Rui , Cai Desuo
Published: October 2015

Global conflict over water has become increasingly problematic. To meet water demands for economic growth in China, a large number of hydro‐projects have been developed and operated, which have significantly altered the natural hydrological regime of many rivers and imposed profound impact on aquatic ecosystems. Conservation of appropriate ecological flow is essential to balance river ecosystem health and economic development. We proposed an innovative method for river eco‐hydrograph determination based on the protection of fish spawning habitat. An integrated hydro‐environmental‐habitat model was developed and applied in de‐watered channels in the middle of Yalong River, China, where water was diverted for hydropower generation.Schizothorax chongi(S. chongi), the dominant and commercial indigenous fish, was selected as the target species. Different from previous research, the impacts of fragmentation and water level variation on fish habitat were analysed in the spawning period. Eco‐hydrographs for different preservation levels ofS. chongispawning habitat were estimated using the developed model, and the suitable one was recommended. Compared with traditional hydrologic and hydraulic methods, the improved habitat method not only determined the ecological water demand of the species more meaningfully but also increased water use efficiency. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.