bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Both on-ramp and off-ramp on the boundaries of totally asymmetric simple exclusion
Authors: Xiao Song , Chen Xiaoyu , Qi Lin , Liu Yanna
Published: October 2019

In this paper, both on-ramp and off-ramp on the boundaries of totally asymmetric simple exclusion process (TASEP) were considered. Here, particles can enter and leave the one dimensional lattice on the same site of boundaries by attachment and detachment. The changes of the phase diagrams and density profiles are given by theoretical calculations and the extensive Monte Carlo computer simulations. The result shows that the off-ramp and on-ramp can vary the diagram very obviously.
Impact of Prandtl numbers on turbulence modeling
Authors: Rahman Md Mizanur , LV Ming , Zhu Zefei
Published: October 2019

A low-Reynolds number (LRN)

k
-

ε
˜

turbulence model is devised that includes the near-wall turbulence modeling and turbulent Prandtl numbers σ(
k,ε,t
). A secondary source term added in the

ε
˜

-equation accounts substantially for the anisotropic production in near-wall regions. Hence, improved predictions of adverse pressure-gradient flows, involving separation and reattachment are obtained with a considerable reduction in the turbulent kinetic energy and length scale magnitudes. The eddy-viscosity formulation responds to both rotational and irrotational strains to better predict nonequilibrium flows. The current model employs no wall function/distance parameter to bridge the near-wall integration as required by conventional k-ε models. Model predictions are compared with direct numerical simulation (DNS) and experimental data; a good correlation is achieved.
Distributions of neutron flux from (p, n) reaction on the liquid lead target for accelerator driven subcritical reactor (ADSR)
Authors: Tien Tran Minh
Published: October 2019

This paper presents the results of calculating the distributions of neutron flux in an accelerator driven subcritical reactor (ADSR) with thorium fuel. The simulated ADSR consists of 90 fuel rods and 10 graphite reflector rods. All objects are placed in liquid lead. MCNP5 program is used to calculate energy distributions of the neutron flux, axial distributions and radial distributions inside the core of the ADSR. The results show that the neutron fluxes of 250, 450, 600 and 850 angles are similar; axial distributions of neutron flux decrease gradually; the neutron fluxes are the largest between 0.3 and 0.5 MeV. The radial distributions of neutron flux decrease gradually from center, and the largest value is between 30 and 40 cm. The results also show that the neutron fluxes are different with different radii. The results are important for the design and operation of the ADSR.
Simple analytical solutions of one-equation modelling for steady/decaying homogeneous turbulence sensitized to small strain
Authors: Suzuki Hiroki , Mochizuki Shinsuke , Hasegawa Yutaka
Published: October 2019

This study presents a simple mathematical solution describing the turbulent kinetic energy in steady or decaying homogeneous turbulence sensitized to small strain. Small strain is found to have little effect on the anisotropy of decaying homogeneous turbulence, which is consistent with a previous experiment. The effect of small strain on dissipation in the governing equations of turbulent kinetic energy is examined using the standard k-ε model. Two temporal profiles, namely a constant profile and a linear profile, with small strain are used. The steady homogeneous turbulence is maintained by linear forcing, as previously reported. This study mainly focuses on the effects of small strain on the turbulence time scale. When the magnitude of the small strain is small, the effects on the turbulence time scale can be negligibly small, especially for a constant profile. Based on this result, the governing equations for steady or decaying homogeneous turbulence sensitized to small strain can be reduced to simple linear equations. The analytical solution of these equations, a simple exponential function, is the same for the two types of homogeneous turbulence.
Orthogonal experiment analysis of coal gangue and corn straw mixed burning under considering multiple factors
Authors: Song Changzhong , Gong Zhen , Wen Jianghui , Liu Kun , Liu Yan
Published: October 2019

Combustion test of multi-mass blending ratio of corn straw and coal gangue by using thermogravimetric analyzer with different heating rates and different oxygen concentrations. Comprehensive consideration of the synergy between factors and factors, combustion performance analysis of ignition performance, flammability, volatiles precipitation performance and comprehensive combustion performance. The results show that the optimum combination of ignition and combustibility in order of priority is: oxygen concentration 30%, mass blending ratio of corn straw and coal gangue 2:3, heating rate v=10 K/min. The optimum combination of flammability and elease of the volatile matter in order of priority is: oxygen concentration 30%, mass mixing ratio of corn straw and coal gangue 4:1, heating rate v=20 K/min. The optimum combination test of combustible combustion is: oxygen concentration 30%, heating rate v=10 K/min, mass mixing ratio of corn straw and coal gangue 2:3, and the combustible performance obtained by multi-factor orthogonal analysis has been significantly improved.
Quasi-approximation for Stefan problem of nearly spherical phase change materials
Authors: Li Jiayan , Chan Yue
Published: October 2019

Phase change occurs when a phase change material exchanges its energy with the external environment. In this paper, we investigate the solidification of nearly spherical materials, which is famously known as Stefan problem and is of practically important. When the material solidifies, the inner moving boundary (see Figure 1) can be determined by solving the elliptic-typed partial differential equation, equipped with the outer fixed and the inner moving boundary conditions, derived from the Newton cooling law and the latent heat, respectively. Since the shape of materials induces a huge impact on the retreating speed of the moving boundary. To demonstrate this idea, we consider the perfect spherical object and certain irregular objects, such as an ellipse. We derive the analytical solutions for both cases and find that the shape of the moving boundary changes from the ellipse into the sphere during the solidification process.
A theoretical study on nonnative contacts in protein folding by a modified HP model
Authors: Chen Chong , Huang Ran
Published: October 2019

We have investigated the nonnative contacts for proteins in a modified HP model by generating all possible conformations (enumeration) to carry out exact calculation for the nonnative contact density nc(e) as a function of the energy e, as well as the thermodynamically average nonnative contacts

n
¯

c

(
T
)

as a function of temperature of T. A series of abstract coarse-grained chains on standard, weekly and strongly interacting models were studied to estimate the properties of nc(e) and

n
¯

c

(
T
)

to understand the role for nonnative contacts playing in the protein folding process.-->
Investigation of a compact model for squeeze-film air damping in the free molecular regime
Authors: Li Pu , Lu Cunhao
Published: October 2019

Due to the huge computational cost, the Monte Carlo (MC) model is difficult to use to predict squeeze-film air damping in the free molecular regime. Sumali (2007) proposed an empirical compact formula relating MC model and the analytical energy transfer model (ETM) by fitting two curves. By using the efficient numerical model, this paper discusses the application of the compact formula for squeeze-film air damping of different microplate sizes in the free molecular regime. The results show that, for plates of various sizes, the quality factors predicted by the compact model match well with those predicted by the numerical model. The work of this paper has validated that the compact model for squeeze-film air damping proposed by Sumali (2007) can be used for plates of various sizes.
Study on reflection characteristics of plasma and metallic periodic structure composite frequency selective device
Authors: Zhu Xuefeng , Hou Zhongyu
Published: October 2019

Plasma technology is widely used in the electromagnetic field. In this work, a novel composite frequency selection (CFS) device composed of plasma and metallic periodic structure is proposed. This paper demonstrates the reflection coefficient of the proposed CFS at 12-18 GHz. The dispersion of absorption effect in the frequency domain is also mentioned. A simulation result of the electric field distribution of CFS device is presented to give a tentative explanation.
Numerical modelling of fluid transportation based on digital core model
Authors: Liu Jianjun , Wang Rui , Zhang Bohu , Zu Lin , He Xiang
Published: October 2019

Rock pore is the storage space and migration channel of geo-fluid resource like petroleum, coalbed methane and shale gas etc. In this paper, the rock core microscopic pore structure based on CT image is studied through image processing. Then the parameters are analyzed statistically by numerical modelling. The reconstructed software Mimics is used to reconstruct the core structural model. Finally, the relationship between the pore structure parameters and penetrability is studied by numerical simulation. The equivalent permeability of the reconstructed core is calculated by using FEM software Abaqus. The results shown that fluid percolation is directly related with porosity, pore shape, pore conectivity. The permeability of core can be obtained by substituting flow numerical simulation for seepage laboratory experiment.
Adaptive iterative learning control for a class of fractional-order nonlinear systems
Authors: Hao Xiuqing , Liu Xiaoli
Published: October 2019

Based on the discussions on the properties of fractional integral and Caputo fractional derivative, an adaptive iterative learning control approach is proposed for a class of fractional-order nonlinear system (FONS) with unknown time-varying parameter. With the design of learning controller and adaptive learning law for unknown parameter, the tracking error sequence converges to zero in the iteration domain while all the closed-loop signals remain bounded. Finally, a numerical example is given to verify the validity of the designed method.
A prediction model for population change using ARIMA model based on feature extraction
Authors: Li Wei , Su Zhongyu , Guo Pengcheng
Published: October 2019

Population is a social entity with complex contents and a variety of social relations. It includes gender, age and natural composition, as well as a variety of social composition, social relations, economic composition and economic relations. It is difficult to analyze the population change in large number and high dimension over the years in China. A prediction model for population change using ARIMA model based on feature extraction is proposed. It provides the reduction of population change indicators and predicts the population change in the future. Principal component analysis is firstly used to transform this problem in high-dimensional space into low-dimensional space, making the problem simple and intuitive. These less comprehensive indexes obtained are not related to each other and provide most information of the original indexes. The data of the national population change from 1979 to 2015 is effectively reduced to one principal component. On the basis of the analysis results, a prediction model using ARIMA model is established to predict the population change in the next few years.
Alternative prediction methods in the stock exchanges of Thailand
Authors: Chokethaworn Kanchana , Chaiboonsri Chukiat , Wannapan Satawat
Published: October 2019

This paper is conducted to substantially do the two alternatives between the traditional statistical methods such as ARMA and HW models, and artificial intelligence (AI) contains KNN and ELM, respectively. To scope the main object of the paper, SET indexes are collected as the main financial variable, which are 5,472 daily observed days during 9 September 1997 to 11 June 2018. Technically, the cross-entropy (CE) analysis, MSE and RMSE calculations are computationally employed to clarify the resolution of the two computations. The empirical results state that the AI prediction can be a substitution replacing the traditional estimations, and this can strongly confirm that machine learning (ML) algorithms are continuously interested, and they are recently becoming a powerful tool for modern econometric forecasting.
The optimization of kink regression with differential evolution (DE)
Authors: Pastpipatkul Pathairat , Boonyakunakorn Petchaluck , Sriboonchitta Songsak
Published: October 2019

This paper aims to estimate the kink model with respect to Thailand’s exports to Thai GDP. Another main contribution of this study is to compare the performance of optimization the kink regression model with DE and MLE. The traditional optimization is maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) which has problems in the case where the function is nondifferentiable, or the likelihood is difficult to find. Furthermore, it is difficult to obtain the global maximum in the non-linear model. One of the optimization techniques is DE which is a successful method for searching for the global maximum. To evaluate the estimated performance of DE and MLE, we apply the Monte Carlo simulation. The simulation result indicates that DE has the both lower MSE and bias. We apply the regression model with respect to Thai exports to Thai GDP. For the estimated parameter results show that the kink point is -0.016%. The estimated coefficients in the first part and second part are 1.144% and 0.341%, respectively.
Sensitivity analysis of the policy of minimum grain purchase prices
Authors: Wang Yu , Wang Dongjie , Zhang Yongen , Wang Shengwei , Zhou Han , Yu Wen , Li Ganqiong
Published: October 2019

The grain price, the base of all other prices, is relatively sensitive to policy adjustments. The too high minimum purchase prices will lead to the imbalance of the grain market, while the decline of the minimum purchase prices will exert a direct influence on business entities’ expectation of the market prices in the following year. With the early long-grain nonglutinous rice, the middle-late long-grain nonglutinous rice, the round-grain nonglutinous rice and wheat as instances, this article applies the stepwise regression model and the data between 2004 and 2014 to simulate the effect of the minimum grain purchase prices of 2018 on the cultivated area and the yield of the early long-grain nonglutinous rice, the middle long-grain nonglutinous rice, the round-grain nonglutinous rice and wheat as well as farmers’ corresponding revenues. As suggested by the research, the minimum purchase prices play a significantly positive role in the fluctuation of the rice and wheat prices. In case of the same decline rate of minimum purchase prices, the round-grain nonglutinous rice sees the greatest decline rate of the cultivated area and the yield, followed by the middle-late long-grain nonglutinous rice, while the cultivated area and the yield of the early long-grain nonglutinous rice show the smallest decline. However, when deciding to plant rice and wheat, farmers not only consider about the changes of the minimum purchase prices of rice and wheat, but also are subject to the technical input, the revenue and the cost etc. The government may appropriately adjust the minimum purchase prices of rice and wheat to adjust the cultivated area of rice and wheat, thus to stabilize the cultivated area of rice and wheat in China and realize a win-win situation between society and farmers.
Bayesian analysis of population agglomeration and ecological efficiency in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region
Authors: Chen Jianming , Wei Na , Zhou Yanli , Ge Xiangyu
Published: October 2019

By using 35 cities data directly under the jurisdiction of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, this paper improved Bayesian spatial quantile regression method to explore the relationship between population aggregation and eco-efficiency and its mutual influence under the background of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei urban agglomeration construction theme. The study found that population aggregation has a significant negative impact on the urban eco-efficiency. In addition, the number of primary schools, the scale of urban economic development and investment in real estate development also have a significant negative impact on urban eco-efficiency. While the number of secondary schools and the number of beds in medical and health institutions has a significant positive impact on urban eco-efficiency.
Spatially correlated binary data modelling using generalized estimating equations with alternative hypersphere decomposition
Authors: Li Junjie , Pan Jianxin
Published: October 2019

For correlated binary data, generalized estimating Equation (GEE) approach is commonly used for inference of the mean parameters. When the associated correlation is of interest, e.g., in spatial data analysis, some traditional correlation structures such as compound symmetry and AR(1) were employed in the literature, which is not appropriate for the inherent correlation for correlated binary data. In this paper, we proposed another set of GEE implemented with alternative hypersphere decomposition (AHPC) to model the correlation parameters. An iterative algorithm is provided to estimate the mean and correlation parameters simultaneously. By utilizing the AHPC, we developed a parametrization for the correlation matrix that automatically ensures the order independence and non-negative definiteness. We also addressed the issue of asymptotic properties. For illustration, the proposed methods were used to fit a spatial bovine tuberculosis infection data in Ireland, aiming to analyse the influential factors which affect the infection of cattle and/or badgers.
Risk measurement of global stock markets: a factor copula-based GJR-GARCH approach
Authors: Song Quanrui , Liu Jianxu , Sriboonchitta Songsak
Published: October 2019

Financial crisis in 2008 caused huge loss and one of the accusations is the misprediction of risk measurement. Considering the important role the stock markets play, and the trend of globalization in economy, we propose forecasting Value at Risk of G20’s (except European Union) stock indexes in three periods, pre-crisis, during crisis and post-crisis, via factor copula model. Unlike those models based on multivariate normality, factor copula is based on the assumption that there exists a or several common factors which lead to the change of stock prices. In this paper, different levels of dependence among 19 countries are presented and the results indicate that, during crisis countries with higher values of coefficients tend to have larger loss than others. Also, the large numbers of violations to VaR may be an indicator of the upcoming financial crisis.
The role of Fintech e-payment on APEC economic development
Authors: Khiewngamdee Chatchai , Yan Ho-don
Published: October 2019

The goal of this study is to investigate whether Fintech e-payment affects economic development in APEC countries, in particular, income growth, productivity, price volatility, and income inequality. We use e-payment index introduced by RMIT University and TRPC and apply quantile regression with GME approach. We consider the quantile level at 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75. At the low level of economic development variables, the Fintech have the highest effects on these variables compared with the medium and high level of economic development. In other words, Fintech supports not only low level of growth and productivity but also reduce the low level of price volatility and income inequity. Further investigation provides that e-payment usage and technology empowerment are helpful to economic development, particularly, increasing in growth and productivity.
The application of ARIMA model in forecasting population data
Authors: Dai Jie , Chen Shuping
Published: October 2019

The prediction of population data plays a positive role in adjusting population policy and promoting the development of social, economic and cultural undertakings. In this paper, the population data of Zhejiang Province from 1978 to 2016 are processed and analyzed by using the principle of time series analysis. In order to test the validity of the parameters selected by this model, the population data of Zhejiang Province in 2017 are verified in this paper. The experimental results show that the actual fitting effect of the model is good. Finally, with the help of SAS software, the population data of Zhejiang Province from 2018 to 2022 are analyzed and forecasted.
Grouped variables selection via alternating direction method of multipliers in longitudinal analysis
Authors: Zhang Chengyu , Yang Yihe , Pan Jianxin
Published: October 2019

This work focuses on automatically and simultaneously selecting and estimating the coefficients of grouped variables in longitudinal data. It is motivated by a large cohort study, the UK North Staffordshire Osteoarthritis Project (NorStOP), which contains highly associated continuous, binary and ordinal variables. To select grouped variables associated with the target response efficiently, we propose a newly-developed generalized estimating equation (GEE) estimation. The innovation of this method is to study and implement GEE with group-lasso rather than traditional lasso which lacks consideration of group effects. We applied the proposed approach to the NorStOP data, and the results turned out to be reasonable.
Suckling lamb meat: A smart and sustainable food combining tradition and innovation
Authors: Battacone G , Nudda A , Atzori A S , Pulina G
Published: October 2019

Meat from milk-fed lambs is one of the most relevant products in the traditional dairy sheep industry. This product is the meat from suckling lambs fed maternal milk in flocks raised almost only on pasture. The aim of this paper is to briefly summarise current knowledge of the qualitative traits of suckling lamb meat, with special attention paid to the lipid fraction. We report the main scientific data for suckling lamb meat that contributes to its alleged properties as a functional and environmentally sustainable food. Furthermore, reference is made to how innovative chill/freeze technologies can be profitable, enlarging consumption of this meat in the dynamic global markets.
Pros and cons of using a computer vision system for color evaluation of meat and meat products
Authors: Milovanovic B , Djekic I , Djordjevic V , Tomovic V , Barba F , Tomasevic I , Lorenzo J M
Published: October 2019

The ability of a computer vision system to evaluate the color of meat and meat products was investigated by a comparison study with color measurements from a traditional colorimeter. Pros and cons of using a computer vision system for color evaluation of meat and meat products were evaluated. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between the instrumental values in all three dimensions (L*,a*,b*) between the computer vision system and the colorimeter. The computer vision system-generated colors were perceived as being more similar to the sample of the meat products visualized on the monitor, compared to colorimeter-generated colors in all (100%) individual trials performed. The use of the computer vision system is, therefore, considered a superior and less expensive alternative to the traditional method for measuring color of meat and meat products. The disadvantages of the computer vision system are its size, which makes it stationary, and the lack of official manufacturers that can provide ready-to-use systems. This type of computerized system still demands experts for its assembly and utilization.
From white coat and gumboots to virtual reality and digitalisation: where is veterinary medicine now?
Authors: Fejzic N , Seric-Haracic S , Mehmedbasic Z
Published: October 2019

The paper reviews the current role of information and communication technologies in veterinary medicine, management of animal health, animal production and food safety worldwide and discusses the shift from recognising the digital revolution as a novelty to accepting it as a norm. Due to the diversity in veterinary medicine, it is unlikely that information and communication technologies will fully substitute the need for field veterinarians in direct contact with animals, farms, diseases, food production and food products. However, information and communication technology has a growing role in our work and provides opportunities to exploit new technologies for professional and societal affirmation. Consumers, trade and regulations drive demands on veterinary medicine, reflected in our increased focus on prevention and early recognition of animal diseases and food safety issues through output-based and integrated monitoring systems and shared responsibility between public and private sectors. Simultaneously, information and communication technology has been incorporated within these demands and so now has roles in: veterinary clinical practice, heard health management, animal health databases, traceability of animals and their products, trade and veterinary certification, animal disease data analysis, tools for veterinary education and animal health diagnostics. The symbiosis of bio- and information technologies has opened a new era in health and food production, providing a novel chance for veterinarians to make a significant leap in their professional development, achievable only through strategic and active participation as leaders and collaborators.
Advances in foodborne outbreak investigation and source tracking using whole genome sequencing
Authors: Ruppitsch W , Pietzka A , Cabal A , Chakeri A , Schmid D , Lakicevic B , Lepuschitz S , Allerberger F
Published: October 2019

The progress in sequencing technology has revolutionized the fields of public health and food microbiology. Today, whole genome sequencing allows high-throughput analysis of entire bacterial genomes at affordable costs. Whole genome sequencing has become a daily routine process for surveillance of foodborne infectious diseases, outbreak investigation, and pathogen source tracking. Several studies on a variety of bacterial species have shown that whole genome sequence-based typing approaches are currently the most powerful typing tools. Whole genome sequencing allows the extraction of information on phylogenetic relatedness, antibiotic resistance, virulence-traits, serotype and multilocus sequence type of an isolate from a single analysis. The optimal typing resolution achievable by whole genome sequencing makes it possible to monitor even small genetic variations occurring in an outbreak strain during the course of an outbreak, making transmission events traceable. Whole genome sequencing allowed the creation of global databases based on standardized nomenclatures like the current multilocus sequence type databases. The benefit of global databases is the international exchange of data as a prerequisite for cross border outbreak investigation, strain tracking, and source identification in the global food chain. With further technological advancement, metagenomic approaches may provide future solutions, allowing complete pathogen detection and characterization directly from specimens.
Novel strategies and tools for microbial risk assessment of foods of animal origin
Authors: Martinovic A , Nisic A
Published: October 2019

Risk assessment aims at providing structured information for decision making, public health improvement, regulatory actions and research initiatives. The four very distinct steps in the risk assessment process enable risk management and risk communication, and thereby, a functional food safety system. Identification, characterization and assessment of risks demand the application of science-based, accurate and reliable methodologies. Nowadays, several different widely recognized approaches to risk assessment are applied worldwide. Novel omics technologies are benchmarking a new era of pathogen testing, providing much more than just accurate identification. These technologies have now opened the door for a more integrated approach that can enlighten transmission patterns and predictions of the transmission routes. Merging data on virulence, interaction of pathogens with different food matrices and the host, multiple data processing is resulting in reliable and science-based responses to the forthcoming challenges.
A path towards modernisation of meat safety assurance in European abattoirs
Authors: Blagojevic B
Published: October 2019

Carcass meat safety mainly relies on official meat inspection and abattoir process hygiene. The deficiencies of the traditional meat safety system are well known. The European Food Safety Authority has proposed a modern, risk-based meat safety assurance system. The process of implementation of the new system in Europe is in the initial phase and is associated with legislation changes. Several challenges are experienced in the implementation process so far and future challenges are anticipated. Further modernisation of the meat safety assurance system and its full practical implementation need to go in tandem with intensive research and training.
Meat quality: Impact of various pre-slaughter conditions
Authors: Karabasil N , Boskovic T , Vicic I , Cobanović N , Dimitrijevic M , Teodorovic V
Published: October 2019

Poor animal welfare is a growing issue of concern all over the world. During pre-slaughter phases, some activities, if poorly performed, lead to stress reactions in animals. Animals’ responses to a great extent depend on species, breed, sex and age of animal. Food and water deprivation, exposure to unfavourable environmental conditions, improper handling and social mixing are just some indicators of compromised animal well-being. All these detrimental activities lead to the development of carcass and meat quality defects. Among them, important defects are untimely death of animals, body weight loss, carcass damage, and the two major meat quality defects, i.e. pale, soft, exudative (PSE) and dark, firm, dry (DFD) meats. Consumer dissatisfaction results, and with economic and financial losses, producers are placed in a disadvantageous position.
Wooden breast – a novel myopathy recognized in broiler chickens
Authors: Baltic M , Rajcic A , Laudanovic M , Nesic S , Baltic T , Ciric J , Brankovic Lazic I
Published: October 2019

Abnormally hard breast fillet consistency began to emerge in commercial broiler chickens around 2010. Due to the remarkable muscle hardness, the condition acquired the vernacular name ‘wooden breast myopathy’. This myopathy starts to develop after two weeks of age at the earliest and typically proceeds into chronic myodegeneration in three to four weeks of age. The lesion begins focally and typically develops into a diffuse lesion that involves the entire major pectoral muscle. The restricted location of wooden breast lesion in the m. pectoralis major distinguishes it from several other myodegenerative diseases that widely affect the skeletal muscle system and often the cardiac and smooth muscle systems too. Although industry-wide incidence rates are difficult to assess, it has been estimated that approximately 5-10% of commercially produced breast fillets exhibit severe WB. Even at low incidence rates, the costs to industry are substantial, as breast fillets with the wooden breast condition are often downgraded and sold at a discount, used for further processing, or in extreme cases, discarded. Because the etiology of wooden breast is still unclear, in the future, study of the early lesions, pathogenesis and the possible reduction of animal welfare are likely to gain more attention.
Effect of cholesterol-lowering starter cultures in smoked sausages on the formation of bioactive peptides and lipid profile in triton-induced hyperlipidemic rats
Authors: Chernukha I M , Mashentseva N G , Afanasiev D A , Laptev G U , Ilina L A
Published: October 2019

Three types of sausages were studied: without starter cultures; with experimental starter cultures from Moscow State University of Food Production collection; with starter culture Bactoferm SM 194 (Chr. Hansen). No pathogenic bacteria in any sample were revealed. According to the results of PCR-RT, the number of lactic acid bacteria in all samples was about the same - 1x109-2×109 CFU/g. T-RFLP analysis shows the maximum number of lactobacilli sausages with experimental starter cultures averaged 69.59% of the total microbiota. The study of the protein profile of raw smoked sausages showed changes in protein fractions and presumably formation of biologically active peptides.A wide range of peptide mass peaks, with certain differences, was obtained by mass spectrometry. Feces of rats (groups 1-5) were studied by T-RFLP. The proportion of lactobacilli was 2.09% 2.65% and 2.35%, in groups 3-5 respectively. The serum atherogenic index did not differ significantly between the groups due to the low content of non-LDL and non-HDL cholesterol in control rats compared to the other groups. The greatest decrease of serum cholesterol concentration was measured in rats that consumed sausages with experimental starter cultures, mainly due to almost 3-fold (P<0.05) decrease in cholesterol of low-density lipoproteins compared with the control.
Element concentration and fatty acid composition of Serbian bee bread
Authors: Ciric J , Spiric D , Baltic T , Janjic J , Petronijevic R , Simunovic S , Djordjevic V
Published: October 2019

The element concentration (Cu, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cr, Co, Ni, Se, K, Na, Ca and Mg), heavy metal concentration (Cd, Hg, Pb and As) and fatty acid composition of 12 Serbian bee bread samples from different geographical origins were examined. The element concentration was examined using ICP-MS, and total lipids for fatty acid determination were extracted from homogenized bee bread samples with hexane/isopropanol mixture by accelerated solvent extraction. Potassium was the major element, ranging between 5515±361.20 mg/kg and 7487±381.50 mg/kg. The highest As and Pb concentrations were found in bee breads from Lazarevac. This bee bread also contained the highest level of PUFA and SFA. Also, the n-6/n-3 ratio ranged between 0.86±0.28 and 1.40±0.05, indicating bee bread can be a good source of unsaturated fatty acids. Bee bread could be useful in monitoring environmental contamination by heavy metals (Cd, Hg, Pb and As), although complex studies of all bee products give sufficient information on this topic.
Effectiveness of using iodine-containing additives in meat products for child nutrition
Authors: Dydykin A S , Aslanova M A , Derevitskaya О К , Soldatova N E
Published: October 2019

Topical data on the prophylaxis of iodine deficiency conditions in children and adults are given. The results of a study on the effectiveness of using iodine-containing additives Biolod, iodcasein or iodized salt in meat products designed for childhood nutrition are presented. The use of iodine-containing additives BioIod or iodcasein in meat products for prophylaxis of iodine deficiency conditions in children’s nutritional products was effective. With that, the highest effectiveness was observed for the BioIod additive, which was proved by experiments on hypothyroid model animals. Iodized salt has the least protective effect in iodine deficiency conditions.
Factors influencing mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) nutritional quality
Authors: Grkovic N , Dimitrijevic M , Teodorovic V , Karabasil N , Vasilev D , Stajkovic S , Velebit B
Published: October 2019

Mussels display interesting nutritional characteristics as they are a rich source of proteins, carbohydrates and minerals and provide an almost unlimited variety of fatty acids with beneficial roles in human health. The quality characteristics of Mytilus galloprovincialis mussels harvested at seasonal intervals reflect the different environmental conditions met by the animals during their growth. Their chemical composition is strictly dependent on the phytoplankton resources available and, therefore, on the season of harvest. Parameters such as water temperature, food availability and the gametogenesis cycle can influence the meat yields and the biochemical composition of the mussels, conditioning their commercial quality and organoleptic characteristics. In order to determine the nutritional value of blue mussels, it is of great relevance to identify their biochemical composition as well as the most favourable season and geographical location for mussel-harvesting. That data could be useful to indicate the periods of the year more suitable for the marketing and consumption of mussels.
Sodium intake associated with meat product consumption in Serbia
Authors: Jankovic S , Nikolic D , Djinovic-Stojanovic J , Radicevic T , Stefanovic S , Spiric D , Jovanovic J
Published: October 2019

Meat and meat products are an important part of the human diet in Serbia. They are important because of their desirable taste, high nutritional value, variety of the products, traditional considerations etc. Our study addresses sodium levels in some of the most commonly consumed meat products from the Serbian market (cooked sausages, dry fermented sausages, smoked meat products, canned meats and pates). Sodium content was determined using ICP-MS. The highest sodium level was established in dry fermented sausages, and the lowest content was measured in pate. No significant differences were seen in sodium levels between cooked sausages, smoked meat products and canned meats. The mean sodium level of all analysed meat products was 11.8 g/kg. According to average intake of meat products in Serbia (54.7 g/day) and the measured sodium levels, consuming these meat products could contribute up to 26.9% of sodium daily requirements. This could pose a risk to human health considering the already high sodium intake through adding salt to food and consumption of various processed foods. Generally, the results obtained suggest reducing salt levels in meat products and as well as in diet in general.
Effect of biopolymer coating on texture characteristics of dry fermented sausage during storage
Authors: Jokanovic M , Hromis N , Tomovic V , Lazic V , Skaljac S , Sojic B , Ikonic P , Peulic T , Ivic M
Published: October 2019

In this paper, the changes of texture characteristics of Petrovská klobása, a traditional dry-cured sausage, were analysed during 150 days of storage. Sausages were produced in the traditional manner, but underwent drying and ripening processes in industrial conditions. Chitosan was used to coat experimental sausages after the drying process was considered finished. Changes in moisture content were measured during the storage period, but the differences between control and chitosan coated sausages were not significant (P>0.05). Changes in moisture content influenced progressive increases in hardness and chewiness of both groups of sausages. The differences in texture characteristics between the different sausage groups were not significant for the entire storage period. Chitosan coating had no positive influence on preventing texture changes in Petrovská klobása during storage.
The influence of the basil on colour, odour and taste of frankfurters
Authors: Karan D , Lukic M , Djordjevic V , Parunovic N , Babic Milijasevic J , Jovanovic J , Nikolic A
Published: October 2019

Plants from the moderate climate zone are rarely used as seasoning in pasteurised sausages. Seasoning plants of the family Lamiaceae belong to this group (marjoram, basil, savory, sage, thyme). One of the reasons these herbs are rarely used to season meat products is the presence of the plant pigment, chlorophyll that can have undesirable influence on colour, odour and taste of meat products. The aim of this paper was to assess the influence of basil on colour, odour and taste of vacuum-packed frankfurters during 28 days of storage. Powdered, dried basil (0.1%, 0.3% and 0.5%) was added to frankfurters while control frankfurters were produced without herbs or spices. Assessment of colour, odour and taste acceptability of the frankfurters was performed by a panel of five assessors using a quantitative descriptive test, and the results of the ranking test were analysed statistically. When used at the level of 0.1% in the sausages, basil did not have negative influence on frankfurter colour, while larger quantities 0.3% and 0.5% adversely affected frankfurter colour. Basil in the smaller amounts of 0.1% and 0.3% stimulated development of a pleasant odour and taste in the frankfurters, while 0.5% basil had an undesirable effect on these sensory attributes.
Partly processed meat products prepared for grilling as a source of protein
Authors: Koricanac V , Vranic D , Petronijevic R , Trbovic D
Published: October 2019

In the period January 2018 to December 2018, the levels of protein were measured in 864 samples of partly processed meat products prepared for grilling, from the Serbian market. Just 2.89% of these partly processed meat products contained protein content less then 14 g/100g, and so did not meet the requirement laid down in the national regulation. By groups, 97.89% of minced shaped meat, 98.71% of minced unshaped meat and 93.62% of fresh sausages met the requirement of national regulation. The meat product group with the biggest percentage of non-compliant meat products was the fresh sausages group – 6.38% of these contained less than the required protein content. All in all, most of the partly processed meat products met the national regulation regarding protein content. With average 16.23±1.82 g/100g of protein in raw, pre-thermal treatment samples, this group of meat products would be a good source of protein in human nutrition. Nonetheless, those meat products that did not meet national regulation requirements show that regular and periodic control of partly processed meat products is necessary and one of the most important steps in ensuring safe and quality meat products for consumers.
Systemic risk analysis of complex meat systems
Authors: Krylova V B , Gustova T V , Bataeva D S
Published: October 2019

The principles of the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP) system focus on the risks to product safety. For complex meat systems with the longest shelf life (canned meat in pieces with up to 5 years’ shelf life), the problem of quality assurance using suitably stable safety indicators throughout their entire shelf life is systemic. We propose to use the methodology of a systemic approach for solving this problem. The general signs of systemic problems are given, and their contents are described, largely in the context of canned meat pieces. An example of the use of structural analysis diagrams (see D. Ross) to analyze quality assurance and product safety is shown. The relevance of systemic analysis methodology for finding solutions to practical problems is explained.
Listeria monocytogenes contamination in ready to eat foods
Authors: Kureljusic J , Rokvic N , Pavlovic M , Kureljusic B , Nesic K , Tasic A , Savic Radovanovic R
Published: October 2019

Listeria monocytogenes is a food-borne pathogen responsible for listeriosis, a sickness with a high mortality rate. Listeriosis is largely associated with ready-to-eat (RTE) foods. It is well established that foods that pose the greatest risk of foodborne listeriosis are those RTE foods that have intrinsic characteristics such as pH and water activity that support the growth of L. monocytogenes. RTE foods can also become re-contaminated during further processing and handling. Increased handling leads to a higher probability of contamination. Sources of contamination can be food contact surfaces, processing machinery and workers. In our research, L. monocytogenes was detected in a RTE salad. Food safety criteria for Listeria monocytogenes in RTE foods have been applied from 2006 (Commission Regulation (EC) 2073/2005). Still, human invasive listeriosis was reported to increase during 2009-2013 in the European Union and European Economic Area. Time series analysis for the 2008-2015 period in this area showed an increasing trend of the monthly notified incidence rate of confirmed human invasive listeriosis of the over 75 age groups and female age group between 25 and 44 years old (probably related to pregnancies).
Influence of two different culture media on biofilm formation by Listeria monocytogenes isolated from a small-scale meat processing facility
Authors: Lakicevic B , Petrovic Z , Milanov D , Zuber I , Jankovic V , Grkovic N , Dimitrijevic M
Published: October 2019

In this study, 20 Listeria monocytogenes isolates detected in a food processing environment and food products were tested for biofilm-forming ability in two different culture media: Tryptone Soya Broth and Luria Bertani Broth. Statistical analysis of the data obtained was performed with the MINITAB software package, version 16.0. The two-sample t-test and confidence interval were used for data analysis. Significant differences between the isolates were observed in the ability to form biofilms.
Sodium and potassium contents and ratios in pork stews produced with lower amounts of sodium chloride
Authors: Lilic S , Nikolic D , Brankovic Lazic I , Borovic B , Baltic B , Koricanac V , Vranic D
Published: October 2019

The goal of this study was to investigate the influence on the sodium:potassium ratio of reducing sodium chloride content in pork stew by partial replacement with other two chloride salts. The trial consisted of five groups. In the control pork stew, only sodium chloride was added. In group 1, one third of the sodium chloride was replaced with potassium chloride; in group 2, one half of the sodium chloride was replaced with potassium chloride; in group 3, sodium chloride was reduced by half and one quarter of ammonium chloride (in relation to the control group) was added, and in group 4, sodium chloride was reduced by 62.5% and an equal amount of ammonium chloride was added. Moderate reduction of sodium content was achieved in group 1 (46.19%), while greater reductions of sodium content were achieved in groups 2, 3 and 4 (these had 64.69%, 61.54% and 67.91% less sodium than did the control, respectively). Potassium content increases were determined in groups 1 and 2 (potassium levels were 38.71% and 50.27% greater than in the control, respectively). The best sodium:potassium ratio was achieved in group 2 pork stew (0.47), in which half the sodium chloride was replaced with potassium chloride.
Food packaging and modified atmosphere – roles, materials and benefits
Authors: Milijasevic M , Babic Milijasevic J , Lakicevic B , Lukic M , Borovic B , Veskovic S , Baltic B
Published: October 2019

Packaging is an integral element of the system that brings safe food to consumers. Although packaging has sometimes been viewed as an inconsequential act of inserting food into a film or box, this attitude has been a prime source of product failure. Meat packaging is the most dynamic area of meat technology today and it continues to configure the future of this branch of food industry. Retail meat packaging should fulfil specific technological and hygienic demands, as well as demands such as attractive packaging appearance, appropriate meat colour, consumer acceptability, etc. Consumers are also very sensitive with regards to the use of food additives in the food industry. During the last two decades, modified atmosphere packaging has become a dominant retail meat packaging technology. The purpose of this technology is to prolong the shelf life of foodstuffs by preventing or inhibiting biochemical reactions (fat oxidation, metmyoglobin formation), growth of spoilage bacteria and degree of product respiration. This technology is opening up new markets and offers the possibility of successfully establishing new products and thus extending product ranges. This paper critically reviews the most important aspects of packaging foodstuffs in modified atmosphere.