bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Actitudes hacia la sexualidad de estudiantes de enfermería menores de 20 años de una universidad colombiana
Authors: Rodríguez Gázquez María de los Ángeles
Published: August 2015

Objetivo: Para describir las actitudes hacia la sexualidad de los alumnos de enfermería de una universidad colombiana, en el año 2009 se realizó un estudio de corte transversal
en el cual participaron todos los estudiantes menores de 20 años.

Metodología: Se utilizó una encuesta de carácter anónimo que
contenía información sobre la edad y el sexo, además de la escala Trueblood Sexual Attitudes Questionnaire (TSAQ) que evalúa las actitudes ante la sexualidad propia (yo) y la de los
demás (otros); se obtuvo un puntaje promedio máximo de 9, que equivaldría a la mayor liberalidad.

Resultados: Participaron 44 alumnos, cuyo promedio de edad
fue de 18 años; el 77% de los participantes era de sexo femenino. El puntaje promedio total fue = 4,6; los puntajes promedio por subescala fueron: heterosexualidad = 5,7; comercio sexual = 4,8; autoerotismo = 4,7; variación sexual = 4,1 y homosexualidad = 3,6. Los puntajes de las actitudes hacia la sexualidad propia fueron menores que los de la sexualidad de los demás.

Conclusión: Se concluyó para esta investigación que los estudiantes de enfermería tuvieron una moderada liberalidad frente a las actitudes hacia la sexualidad propia y de los otros.
Demandas editoriales para las revistas de enfermería de América Latina
Authors: Palucci Marziale Maria Helena
Published: August 2015

El propósito principal de una revista científica es publicar los resultados de estudios debidamente comprobados y validados, de suficiente importancia e interés y que revelen avances en el conocimiento, de manera que justifique el costo de su publicación. La política editorial de una revista permite reglamentar los estándares de publicación, lo que, por una parte, garantiza el buen funcionamiento, conservando la homogeneidad durante todo el proceso administrativo y editorial; y por otra, facilita la toma de decisiones. La misión de una revista, los temas y la cobertura, la periodicidad, los tiempos de publicación, el proceso editorial para la aprobación de un artículo (flujo), las secciones de la revista, los idiomas, el manual de estilo/normalización, el formato de la publicación (versión impresa o electrónica), el tipo de distribución (suscripción o acceso abierto), las formas de publicidad y el patrocinador son elementos tradicionales que deben componer la política editorial de una revista científica.
Nectary structure and nectar in Sobralia and Elleanthus (Sobralieae: Orchidaceae)
Authors: Neubig Kurt M. , Carlsward Barbara S. , Whitten W. Mark , Williams Norris H.
Published: August 2015

With approximately 200 species, the tribe Sobralieae is a dominant and common Neotropical group of orchids, yet little is known of variation in floral morphology as it relates to their pollination. As currently circumscribed, the tribe includes four genera that differ considerably in flower size and morphology: Elleanthus, Epilyna, Sertifera, and Sobralia. Although nectar-foraging pollinators are known for some species, the relationships of pollination to deceit and to nectar production are all poorly understood. We examined pollination-related of nectaries and nectar characteristics (presence/absence, volume, and concentration) for major clades of Sobralieae. Some species produce abundant nectar, but many species offer no reward. When present, nectar is secreted by thickened calli at the lip base. The cells of the nectariferous calli contain starch, which is rapidly converted to sugar during a brief anthesis (often lasting only one day). Most Sobralia flowers are relatively large, bee-pollinated, with a gullet-shaped lip, false nectary, large pollinia, and offer no reward. Elleanthus flowers are relatively small with a legitimate nectar reward, and most species are hummingbird- pollinated. Hummingbird-pollinated Sobralieae flowers are relatively small, brightly colored in the perianth and/or the subtending bracts, somewhat tubular, with a lip that forms a cup around the callus for storing nectar, and pollinia that are dark and relatively small.
Pollination ecology of Rodriguezia granadensis (Orchidaceae)
Authors: Ospina-Calderón Nhora H. , Duque-Buitrago Carol A. , Tremblay Raymond L. , Otero J. Tupac
Published: August 2015

En éste artículo describimos la variación fenotípica y ecología de la polinización de la epífita de ramita Rodriguezia granadensis. La especie presenta polimorfismo para el color de las flores (blanco a rosa), lo que lo llevó a hipotetizar que las diferentes formas de color pueden ser polinizadas por diferentes polinizadores. Para evaluar esta hipótesis, se monitorearon cien plantas en campo y se anotó su fenología de floración y polimorfismo en color. Dos picos de floración se presentan en el año. Evaluamos el éxito reproductivo (fitness masculino y femenino) y la visita de los polinizadores potenciales en ambos morfos. Se puso a prueba la producción de frutos por autogamia, geitonogamia, xenogamia y emasculación. La producción de néctar se midió con un refractómetro. Adicionalmente, usamos trampas de fragancia con salicilato de metilo y eugenol para atraer polinizadores potenciales (abejas euglosinas). Presentamos evidencia de la polinización de R. granadensis por abejas euglosinas que buscan néctar. La fluctuación en la producción de néctar y el escaso éxito reproductivo entre los individuos sugiere que la orquídea puede emplear un sistema de atracción/engaño como auto-mimetismo o un fenómeno de recompensas difusas.
Noteworthy records for Tantilla cascadae and T. ceboruca (Squamata: Colubridae) from Jalisco, Mexico
Authors: Cruz-Sáenz Daniel , Muñoz-Nolasco Francisco Javier , Lazcano David , Flores-Covarrubias Edgar
Published: August 2015

We report the first records of two species of snake in the state of Jalisco, Mexico. We recorded one specimen of Tantilla cascadae and two of Tantilla ceboruca, the former known only from its type locality. These findings extend the known geographical distribution of T. cascadae 121 km westward from Michoacán, its type locality. Also, it extends the known geographical distribution of T. ceboruca 41 km eastward from its type locality and 185 km northwest from its second record in the state of Colima.
Seven new records of Myrtaceae in Brazil
Authors: Sobral Marcos , Souza Maria Anália Duarte de , Santos Matheus Fortes , Almeida Thaís Elias de
Published: August 2015

Calyptranthes conduplicata, C. vexata, Eugenia moritziana, E. pusilliflora, Marlierea suborbicularis, Myrcia crispa and M. subcordifolia are new records for the Brazilian flora. All species except Eugeniamoritziana, recorded from Espírito Santo state, are reported for the first time in Brazilian Amazonia.
New record of Liolaemus ditadai Cei, 1983 (Squamata, Liolaemidae) from Santiago del Estero province, Argentina
Authors: Ávila Luciano Javier , Pérez Cristian Hernán Fulvio , Cacciali Pier
Published: August 2015

Liolaemus ditadai is a rare liolaemid lizard originally described from Salinas Grandes salt-pans flat, in the border between Cordoba and Catamarca Province in central Argentina. Only a few specimens of this species are known. Here, we present a new record that result in a significant extension of the known distribution of the species, which is currently considered to be restricted to a small area in Salinas Grandes. In addition, we comment on previous records of the species in central Argentina.
Corrosion and Coating of Advanced Materials
Authors: Yoshimura M. , Stott F.H.
Published: August 2015

Most metals are thermodynamically unstable and tend to change to more stable phases by reaction with their service environment. These oxidation or corrosion processes are usually controlled by kinetic factors, and the rate often increases with increasing temperature. Degradation by these processes is an important, often life-limiting, factor for critical components in thermal-power systems and other high-temperature process plants, and it can have considerable economic and technical consequences. Corrosion can be particularly severe, for example, in

Gas-turbine blades and vanes, Gas coolers in coal-gasification systems, Superheaters and reheaters in coaland oil-fired boilers, In-bed tubes in fluidized-bed coal combustion systems, Components in high-temperature fuel cells, Components in steam-reforming plants, Components in incinerator plants, and Exhaust systems (e.g., automobiles).

Although there is considerable awareness of such problems and much attention is given to the materials requirements for high-temperature systems, failures still occur and can be catastrophic (fire, explosion, burst tube, etc). Plant conditions and control are particularly important since damage can occur due to overheating and overstressing when a material is taken beyond its physical, mechanical, and chemical limits or due to so-called dew-point corrosion when the system is cooled and acidic vapors condense to electrolytically corrode unprotected surfaces.

The oxidation of metals and alloys in oxygen at high temperatures is now reasonably well-understood. Indeed, alloys have been successfully developed to resist environmental attack in such atmospheres. The oxidation resistance of these materials is due to the presence of alloying elements—such as chromium, aluminum, and silicon—which can react with oxygen to form stable, protective, external oxide scales on the component surface, thereby inhibiting further high-temperature degradation.
Influential or influenced?
Authors: Unser-Schutz Giancarla
Published: August 2015

his paper examines gendered speech in a corpus of 10 popular manga (Japanese comics) series, with attention to realism and genre based differences. While traditionally described as a highly gendered language, Japanese recently has appeared to be becoming less so. Manga are often given as one influential factor for these changes, particularly regarding girls’ use of masculine first-person pronouns; however, previous research has been contradictory, and the importance of gendered-genres leads one to anticipate differences in characters’ speech. In response, I looked at two markers of Japanese gendered speech – personal pronouns and sentence-final particles – finding that while personal pronoun usage was generally normative, all genders used a variety of gendered sentence-final particles. While genre-based variations such as more stereotypical speech in manga for boys may reflect narrative differences, I suggest that the data show that manga reflect previously established changes, as with sentence-final particles, thus appearing consistent with reports that mass-media are not a clear source of linguistic change. However, their perception as low texts may be influential in their association with negative changes, even when such claims are not supported empirically, as with personal pronouns. In this way, popular media’s role in changing gendered language is shown to be more complex than commonly assumed.
Consorciação e manejo de Brachiaria decumbens em mudas de cafeeiros infestados com Pratylenchus brachyurus em condições de casa de vegetação
Authors: Kubo Roberto Kazuhiro , Eulalio Juliana , Oliveira Claudio Marcelo Gonçalves de
Published: August 2015

Com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da consorciação e manejo de Brachiaria decumbens cv. 'Basilisk' em cafeeiro (Coffea arabica cv. 'Catuaí Vermelho') infestado por Pratylenchus brachyurus (Pb), o presente experimento foi desenvolvido em condições de casa de vegetação. Os tratamentos utilizados, com cinco repetições, foram: 1. Café não inoculado no limpo; 2. Café não inoculado consorciado com B. decumbens; 3. Café inoculado com 5000 juvenis e adultos de Pb por vaso (10L), no limpo; 4. Café inoculado com Pb consorciado com B. decumbens podadas semanalmente; 5. Café inoculado com Pb consorciado com B. decumbens com aplicação do herbicida glifosato. Aos 3, 4, 7, 10 e 11 meses após transplante dos cafeeiros, houve um aumento significativo na altura das plantas de cafeeiro sem nematoide mantidas no limpo, comparadas com os tratamentos com cafeeiros em solo infestado com Pb consorciado com B. decumbens podadas e café em solo infestado com Pb consorciado com B. decumbens com aplicação de glifosato. Na avaliação final, realizada 278 dias após à inoculação das plantas, o peso da matéria seca da parte aérea nos tratamentos com Pb consorciado com braquiária e com aplicação de glifosato apresentaram menores valores, quando comparado com a testemunha sem nematoide e sem plantas consorciadas. Com relação ao peso da matéria fresca das raízes, todos os tratamentos foram significativamente mais baixos do que a testemunha sem nematoide e sem consorciação. A população final de P. brachyurus nas raízes foi maior quando o café foi consorciado com braquiária
Compostos bioativos e atividade antioxidante de variedades melhoradas de mamão
Authors: Reis Ronielli Cardoso , Viana Eliseth de Souza , de Jesus Jaciene Lopes , Lima Leonardo Franklin , Neves Tais Teixeira das , Conceição Emerson Almeida da
Published: August 2015

O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a concentração de carotenoides totais, vitamina C, polifenóis totais e a atividade antioxidante de variedades melhoradas de mamão. Foram avaliadas quatro variedades melhoradas pertencentes ao grupo Solo (L60, L47-05, L47-08 e H54.78), duas pertencentes ao grupo Formosa (L33 e H36.45) e as variedades comerciais Tainung no1 e Sunrise Solo. Dentre as variedades do grupo Solo, a linhagem L47-08 apresentou elevado teor de carotenoides totais e a variedade Sunrise Solo o maior conteúdo de vitamina C. Dentre as variedades do grupo Formosa, as variedades L33 e H36.45 apresentaram elevada atividade antioxidante, e maiores teores, respectivamente, de polifenóis totais e vitamina C do que a variedade comercial Tainung no1. Os polifenóis totais e a vitamina C apresentaram correlação significativa com a atividade antioxidante dos mamões avaliados
Pyogranulomatous dermatitis and panniculitis due to Nocardia nova in a cat
Authors: Blume Guilherme Reis , Martins Christine Souza , Matter Letícia Beatriz , Vargas Agueda Palmira Castagna de , Oliveira Letícia Batelli de , Reis Junior Janildo Ludolf , Sant'Ana Fabiano José Ferreira de
Published: August 2015

This report describes the clinical, pathological and microbiological findings of an uncommon infection in a cat by Nocardia nova. A 3-year-old male domestic short hair cat with an ulcerated and exudative cutaneous wound was presented for clinical examination. Samples were collected for histopathology and bacteriology diagnosis. Microscopically, the lesion was diagnosed as pyogranulomatous dermatitis and panniculitis with large and irregular colonies of branching filamentous bacterium. Skin bacteriological culture showed gram-positive rods and partially acid-fast branching filaments by gram and kinyoun staining, respectively. The identity of Nocardia nova was confirmed by 16S rDNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. This is the first case of pyogranulomatous dermatitis and panniculitis in a cat caused byNocardia nova reported in Brazil.
Ética na perspectiva bakhtiniana e na formação crítica docente: uma experiência no Estágio Supervisionado de Língua Inglesa
Authors: Silvestre Viviane Pires Viana , Figueredo Carla Janaína , Pessoa Rosane Rocha
Published: August 2015

RESUMONeste texto, procuramos estabelecer um diálogo entre fundamentos bakhtinianos e formação crítica de professores/as de línguas, especialmente a respeito do conceito de ética. Para tanto, analisamos as práticas discursivas de três professoras-licenciandas da disciplina Estágio Supervisionado de Língua Inglesa I, de um curso de Letras Português/Inglês, sobre o trabalho desenvolvido com o filme Além da sala de aula. O estudo aponta para a relevância do referencial teórico bakhtiniano sobre ética para a formação crítica docente, uma vez entendido que o/a professor/a em formação universitária precisa problematizar suas próprias concepções, perceber a responsabilidade de seus atos e assumir seu papel de agente.
Notas sobre uma estética do trauma no Brasil
Authors: Kogawa João Marcos Mateus , Magalhães Anderson Salvaterra
Published: August 2015

RESUMONeste artigo, o objetivo é demonstrar como a midiatização de casos de tosquias de mulheres constroem, na e pela linguagem, uma estética do estranhamento que referenda discursos flagrantes de fronteiras sócio-histórico-culturais. Para isso, articulam-se, teoricamente, o pensamento bakhtiniano, sobretudo sua insistência na dimensão semiótico-ideológica da linguagem, e postulados barthesianos, em especial o entendimento da constituição semiológica de trauma. Metodologicamente, cotejam-se registros e divulgação de tosquia feminina em duas inscrições históricas: na França, por ocasião da chamada Liberação na década de 1940, e no Brasil da atualidade, em comunidades cariocas que convivem com a cultura do tráfico. No estudo apresentado, procura-se responder à seguinte questão: como, depois de tantas décadas, essa voz do pós-guerra francês emerge no contexto brasileiro (res)significando as mesmas práticas? A análise empreendida aqui mostra que a “prosa” das tosquiadas mobiliza vozes diferentes que, ao imprimirem suas marcas nos enunciados, estratificam a linguagem e desenham fronteiras sócio-culturais.
Incidence and risk factors for intimate partner violence during the postpartum period
Authors: Silva Elisabete Pereira , Valongueiro Sandra , Araújo Thália Velho Barreto de , Ludermir Ana Bernarda
Published: August 2015

OBJECTIVE To estimate the incidence and identify risk factors for intimate partner violence during postpartum. METHODS This prospective cohort study was conducted with women, aged between 18-49 years, enrolled in the Brazilian Family Health Strategy in Recife, Northeastern Brazil, between 2005 and 2006. Of the 1.057 women interviewed during pregnancy and postpartum, 539 women, who did not report violence before or during pregnancy, were evaluated. A theoretical-conceptual framework was built with three levels of factors hierarchically ordered: women’s and partners’ sociodemografic and behavioral characteristics, and relationship dynamics. Incidence and risk factors of intimate partner violence were estimated by Poisson Regression. RESULTS The incidence of violence during postpartum was 9.3% (95%CI 7.0;12.0). Isolated psychological violence was the most common (4.3%; 95%CI 2.8;6.4). The overlapping of psychological with physical violence occurred at 3.3% (95%CI 2.0;5.3) and with physical and/or sexual in almost 2.0% (95%CI 0.8;3.0) of cases. The risk of partner violence during postpartum was increased for women with a low level of education (RR = 2.6; 95%CI 1.3;5.4), without own income (RR = 1.7; 95%CI 1.0;2.9) and those who perpetrated physical violence against their partner without being assaulted first (RR = 2.0; 95%CI 1.2;3.4), had a very controlling partner (RR = 2.5; 95%CI 1.1;5.8), and had frequent fights with their partner (RR = 1.7; 95%CI 1.0;2.9). CONCLUSIONS The high incidence of intimate partner violence during postpartum and its association with aspects of the relationship’s quality between the couple, demonstrated the need for public policies that promote conflict mediation and enable forms of empowerment for women to address the cycle of violence.
Impact of ultra-processed foods on micronutrient content in the Brazilian diet
Authors: Louzada Maria Laura da Costa , Martins Ana Paula Bortoletto , Canella Daniela Silva , Baraldi Larissa Galastri , Levy Renata Bertazzi , Claro Rafael Moreira , Moubarac Jean-Claude , Cannon Geoffrey , Monteiro Carlos Augusto
Published: August 2015

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of consuming ultra-processed foods on the micronutrient content of the Brazilian population’s diet. METHODS This cross-sectional study was performed using data on individual food consumption from a module of the 2008-2009 Brazilian Household Budget Survey. A representative sample of the Brazilian population aged 10 years or over was assessed (n = 32,898). Food consumption data were collected through two 24-hour food records. Linear regression models were used to assess the association between the nutrient content of the diet and the quintiles of ultra-processed food consumption – crude and adjusted for family income per capita. RESULTS Mean daily energy intake per capita was 1,866 kcal, with 69.5% coming from natural or minimally processed foods, 9.0% from processed foods and 21.5% from ultra-processed foods. For sixteen out of the seventeen evaluated micronutrients, their content was lower in the fraction of the diet composed of ultra-processed foods compared with the fraction of the diet composed of natural or minimally processed foods. The content of 10 micronutrients in ultra-processed foods did not reach half the content level observed in the natural or minimally processed foods. The higher consumption of ultra-processed foods was inversely and significantly associated with the content of vitamins B12, vitamin D, vitamin E, niacin, pyridoxine, copper, iron, phosphorus, magnesium, selenium and zinc. The reverse situation was only observed for calcium, thiamin and riboflavin. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study highlight that reducing the consumption of ultra-processed foods is a natural way to promote healthy eating in Brazil and, therefore, is in line with the recommendations made by the Guia Alimentar para a População Brasileira (Dietary Guidelines for the Brazilian Population) to avoid these foods.
Taurodontism, Root Dilaceration, and Tooth Transposition: A Radiographic Study of a Population with Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip and/or Palate
Authors: Weckwerth Giovana Maria , Santos Carlos F. , Brozoski Daniel T. , Centurion Bruna S. , Pagin Otávio , Lauris José Roberto P. , Carvalho Izabel Maria M. , Neves Lucimara T.
Published: August 2015

Objectives

In an effort to contribute to proper dental planning and define possible dental phenotypes of nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P), this study aimed to investigate the occurrence of taurodontism, root dilaceration, and tooth transposition in persons with nonsyndromic CL/P, specifically analyzing the differences among gender, cleft types, and the most affected teeth.

Design

This retrospective study analyzed 974 panoramic x-rays from nonsyndromic Brazilians older than 16 years and categorized into the following four groups: group 1, 250 persons with unilateral cleft lip and palate; group 2, 250 persons with unilateral cleft lip; group 3, 224 persons with cleft palate; and a control group of 250 persons without clefts. Radiographs were digitalized with a scanner and analyzed.

Results

In the Brazilian population studied, the prevalence of taurodontism was 60.4% in group 1, 62.4% in group 2, 67.0% in group 3, and 42.8% in the control group. Root dilacerations had a prevalence of 31.2% in group 1, 29.6% in group 2, 26.3% in group 3, and 27.2% in the control group. The teeth most affected by taurodontism were 17 and 27; whereas root dilacerations were most common in teeth 38 and 48. No tooth transpositions were found in any radiograph analyzed.

Conclusions

Taurodontism is significantly more prevalent in Brazilians with nonsyndromic CL/P than in persons without clefts; whereas the prevalence of root dilaceration no different from that in the control group. However, root dilacerations in anterior teeth were increased in groups 1 and 2 when compared to the control group.
Achieving Consensus in the Measurement of Psychological Adjustment to Cleft Lip and/or Palate
Authors: Stock Nicola Marie , Hammond Vanessa , Owen Tina , Kiff James , Shanly Angela , Rumsey Nichola
Published: August 2015

Background

Psychological adjustment to cleft lip/palate is multifaceted and can fluctuate over time and across different situations. Consequently, a comprehensive understanding of adjustment is difficult to capture, and the challenge of achieving consensus among researchers and clinicians regarding key constructs and processes is considerable. Numerous measures have been used in research and clinical audit, resulting in conflicting findings and difficulties in evidencing the value of psychological intervention. The launch of the world's largest cleft lip/palate cohort study has provided an opportunity to standardize data collection across the United Kingdom.

Objective

To describe the collaborative process used to achieve consensus in the academic and clinical measurement of psychological adjustment to cleft lip/palate.

Results

Extensive work based on existing literature and clinical experience has resulted in a conceptual framework comprising six domains of adjustment and corresponding risk/protective factors that are measureable across key developmental time points. Driven by this framework, a core pack of standardized measures has been selected according to psychometric properties, clinical utility, and pragmatic considerations.

Conclusions

To date, these measures have been implemented within a UK-wide longitudinal cohort study (at diagnosis, 18 months, 3 years, 5 years, and 8 years) and adopted into the national routine clinical audit protocol for cleft lip/palate at age 5. Further data collection points will follow as the cohorts age. Over time, consistency in data collection will allow researchers to address some of the key unanswered questions in relation to psychological adjustment to cleft lip/palate.
Perspectives of Medical Specialists on Sharing Decisions in Cancer Care: A Qualitative Study Concerning Chemotherapy Decisions With Patients With Recurrent Glioblastoma
Authors: De Snoo-Trimp Janine C. , Brom Linda , Pasman H. Roeline W. , Onwuteaka-Philipsen Bregje D. , Widdershoven Guy A.M.
Published: August 2015

Background.

In cancer care, difficult decisions concerning advanced treatment need to be made, weighing possible life prolongation against harmful side effects. Treatment is frequently started, showing the need to explore how decisions are made. Little is known about the perspectives of physicians on sharing decision making with patients. This qualitative study aimed to describe the perspectives of medical specialists on the decision-making process with patients with glioblastoma concerning starting new treatment.

Methods.

Qualitative interviews were held with medical specialists. One focus group was organized with medical professionals. Their opinions about elements of shared decision making and the applicability in the context of patients with glioblastoma were assessed. The topic list for the focus group was based on the analysis of the interviews. Qualitative analysis of the transcripts was performed by three researchers independently.

Results.

Medical specialists considered shared decision making to be important; however, they did not adhere to its elements. Stopping treatment was not considered equal to continuing treatment. Exploration of the patients’ wishes was done implicitly, and shared responsibility for the decision was not highly recognized. The main barriers to shared decision making were preferences of both patients and specialists for starting or continuing treatment and assumptions of physicians about knowing what patients want.

Conclusion.

Medical specialists recognized the importance of patient involvement but experienced difficulty in sharing decision making in practice. Elements of shared decision making are partly followed but do not guide decision making. To improve cancer care, education of medical specialists and adjustment to the elements are needed to involve patients.

Implications for Practice:

This study assessed medical specialists’ perspectives on sharing decision making with patients with recurrent glioblastoma. Medical specialists experienced difficulty with shared decision making in this setting. The main barriers to shared decision making related to the preferences of both patients and specialists for starting or continuing treatment and the assumptions of physicians about knowing what patients want. The findings stress the need for training specialists in how to offer alternatives, communicate uncertain benefits, and establish patients’ preferences explicitly. The elements of shared decision making require adaptations to adequately involve vulnerable patients with glioblastoma in treatment decisions at the end of life.
Recycling of demolition waste in Merseyside
Authors: Soutsos Marios , Fulton Matt C.
Published: August 2015

There have been considerable developments in Merseyside over the last fifteen years with regards to the commercialisation of recycled demolition aggregate. Liverpool is an urban region that at the time was undergoing regeneration. This required the demolition of old infrastructure. Subsequent reconstruction required new construction materials. A project started in 2001 to investigate the economics, practicalities and technicalities of using recycled demolition aggregates in concrete precast products. It was estimated that if all six demolition contractors around Liverpool worked round the clock (i.e. assuming there was enough feed material) they would still have found it difficult to maintain the required supplies for a single precast factory. Investment in equipment was therefore required to guarantee supply and improve the quality of the recycled demolition aggregate. The market forces and the incentives/drivers for construction companies to adopt sustainable practises have encouraged investment of several million pounds to be made in new recycling plants and has resulted in ‘urban quarries’. This paper describes the developments in recycling of construction and demolition waste over the last decade in Merseyside and shows that recycling is not only sustainable but also profitable.
Medios de guerra o la guerra por otros medios: estrategias informativas en contextos de conflicto
Authors: Marín-Arroyave Ana Milena
Published: August 2015

El presente artículo analiza las estrategias informativas que despliegan los medios masivos de comunicación en diferentes contextos de conflicto armado. En este escenario es pertinente analizar que, inversamente a la definición del periodismo como una disciplina imparcial y objetiva, se presenta una contrariedad relacionada con la influencia que tienen las dinámicas de poder sobre la “noticia” en situaciones de guerra. Al respecto, existen algunos ejemplos que trazan muy bien este panorama, entre los que se encuentran la táctica de propaganda nazi implementada durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial, la información en directo que caracterizó el cubrimiento de las guerras libradas por Estados Unidos en Afganistán e Irak y, finalmente, el enfoque periodístico de los falsos positivos y la marcha contra las farc-ep en Colombia durante el año 2008. A partir de estos casos, se sostiene que el rol de la información mediática es esencial en el desarrollo de una guerra, bien sea para ganar una batalla, conseguir el respaldo ciudadano o bien configurar imaginarios minimizando la influencia social y política de los hechos. Al mismo tiempo, se evidencia que los reportes difundidos sobre los conflictos a través de grandes medios están articulados al proyecto político vigente.
Features functional coordination force preparedness and girls grades 7—8
Authors: Худолій О. М. , Іващенко О. В.
Published: August 2015

Purpose — to determine patterns of motion and functional training girls 7—8 grades.Material and methods. To achieve the objectives adopted the following methods: analysis of scientific literature, educational testing and treatment methods of mathematical statistics research results. The study was attended by 31 people grade 7, 14 — 8th grade.Research results. Statistically significant differences between girls 7 and 8 classes observed in tests characterizing coordinating preparedness and proper power (p <0.001). Girls 7 classes have better preparedness of the results of tests 1 «jumping» allowances «times» and 7 «folded hands on Vis, p» (p <0,05: 0,001).Conclusions. Structural factors of the canonical discriminant function show that the most significant function associated with number 8, 4 and 9 variables: mean a significant difference between girls seventh and eighth grades observed in the development of motor skills and functional training: speed strength, motor coordination and functional state of the respiratory and cardiovascular -sosudistoy system.
Valoração de Produtos Tradicionais no Circuito Gastronômico:
Authors: Villamil Balestro Moises , Bacellar Zaneti Tainá
Published: August 2015

A construção social de mercados diferenciados e de proximidade, bem como de sistemas agroalimentares alternativos aos sistemas agroindustriais da agricultura moderna, constitui, emlarga medida, uma estratégia de superação da exclusão de milhões de agricultores familiares e camponeses. Por sua vez, a crescente demanda e uso diferenciado de produtos tradicionais no circuito gastronômico, bem como as novas formas de interação entre chefs e agricultores familiares que produzem produtos tradicionais, podem constituir um vetor para a construção desses mercados diferenciados. Um dos achados do artigo é que a assimetria na posse do capital simbólico necessário ao processo de valoração dos produtos típicos como bens mais próximos dos singulares produz resultados deletérios para a distribuição do capital econômico, havendo grande disparidade entre os preços pagos aos produtores e os preços dos pratos servidos que incorporam tais produtos como iguarias. A apropriação do resultado econômico da valoração diminui como decorrência desse processo. O conhecimento do produtor é muitas vezes apropriado e reproduzido no processo de valoração sem que ele se beneficie disso. A partir das contribuições da sociologia econômica e da economia das singularidades, tais questões são problematizadas por este artigo.
Problemática Socioambiental na Unidades de Conservação:
Authors: Giraldi Costa Ana Clara , Murata Afonso Takao
Published: August 2015

Historicamente, o estabelecimento de áreas naturais protegidas, como as Unidades de Conservação, tem dado margem a complexas situações de conflitos socioambientais, seja pela realocação das populações residentes em tais áreas, seja pela restrição ao acesso e uso costumeiro dos recursos naturais contidos nela. Diante desse cenário, o presente artigo de revisão de literatura focaliza os conflitos socioambientais, especialmente aqueles que se dão em torno de Unidades de Conservação de Proteção Integral, elucidando as principais correntes do ambientalismo que discursam sobre o tema. A partir do aprofundamento teórico sobre a temática, observa-se que o campo é permeado por discussões entre socioambientalistas e conservacionistas, que travam juntos uma intensa discussão sobretudo acerca do direito dessas populações de permanecerem e utilizarem os recursos dessas áreas versus a necessidade de conservar um ecossistema sem a presença humana.
Improved Cognitive Development in Preterm Infants with Shared Book Reading
Authors: Braid Susan , Bernstein Jenny
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT

Purpose:To examine the effect of shared book reading on the cognitive development of children born preterm and to determine what factors influence shared book reading in this population.

Design:Secondary analysis using the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Birth Cohort, a large, nationally representative survey of children born in the United States in 2001.

Sample:One thousand four hundred singleton preterm infants (22–36 weeks gestation).

Main Outcome Variable: Cognitive development measured using the Bayley Mental Scale score from the Bayley Scales of Infant Development Research Edition.

Results:Adjusting for neonatal, maternal, and socioeconomic characteristics, reading aloud more than two times a week is associated with higher cognitive development scores in two-year-old children born preterm (p<.001). Race/ethnicity and maternal education affect how often parents read to their children. Shared book reading holds potential as an early developmental intervention for this population.
Simulation to Standardize Patient Care and Maintain Procedural Competency
Authors: Butler-O’Hara Meggan , Marasco Margaret , Dadiz Rita
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT

Simulation-based training is a means to teach procedural skills and to help advanced practice providers maintain procedural competency and credentialing. There is growing recognition of the importance of requiring providers to demonstrate competency of invasive procedures in a simulated environment prior to performing these high-risk procedures on patients. This article describes the development and implementation of the Simulation Procedural Program at the University of Rochester Medical Center. In addition to contributing to the education of our providers, such a program can lead to improved patient quality, safety, and outcomes through the standardization of patient care. The innovative use of simulation can lead to effective heath care education and improvement in patient safety.
Hydrocortisone for Treatment of Hypotension in the Newborn
Authors: Johnson Patricia J.
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT

Newborns, and especially premature newborns, are at significant risk for developing hypotension in the first week or two after birth. The etiology of hypotension in the newborn may vary, but the very low birth weight and extremely low birth weight preterm infants are less likely to respond to conventional cardiovascular support when they develop hypotension. This article reviews the least conventional treatment using hydrocortisone for hypotension that is refractory to conventional volume replacement and/or vasopressor medications with the underlying assumption that sick and premature newborns have a relative or measured adrenal insufficiency. The addition of hydrocortisone in the treatment of hypotension in the newborn is becoming more common but is not universally advocated. However, the supportive evidence is growing, and, as reviewed, use of hydrocortisone requires judicious and cautious regard.
NICU Helping Hands: Supporting Families Through the Whole Journey
Authors: Discenza Deborah
Published: August 2015

Parents are the pure focus of NICU Helping Hands (NHH), an organization that started in Texas in 2011. Whether a family is in need of the basic necessities, support, or even a special burial gown for their infant, NHH is there. Learn how this nonprofit has gone from regional to international star in a short amount of time and how it can help your NICU.
Establishing Intervention Fidelity of an Oral Motor Intervention for Preterm Infants
Authors: Lessen Brenda S. , Morello Clare A. , Williams Lori J.
Published: August 2015

Abstract

Purpose:To establish intervention fidelity of the premature infant oral motor intervention (PIOMI)

Design and sample:A rating tool was developed and tested for interrater reliability before being used to test the fidelity of intervention behaviors. A purposeful convenience sample of three users was recruited to perform the intervention under direct observation.

Main outcome variables:Three types of reliabilities were calculated: (1) interrater reliability to test the rating tool, followed by (2) interuser reliability, and (3) test–retest reliabilities to test the intervention behaviors of several registered nurses (RNs) over repeated performances of the intervention.

Results:The rating tool demonstrated a high interrater reliability (97.57 percent), indicating its accuracy for systematically rating the specific intervention behaviors. Subsequently, the rating tool was used to determine interuser and test–retest performances of the PIOMI and resulted in high reliabilities (97.59 percent and 97.58 percent, respectively). This demonstrates that the intervention can be reliably delivered as prescribed, supporting intervention fidelity.
Review and Critical Analysis of Massage Studies for Term and Preterm Infants
Authors: Juneau Audrey Larone , Aita Marilyn , Héon Marjolaine
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To review and analyze studies evaluating the effects of massage on term and preterm infants.

Design: A systematic review of literature.

Results: Benefits of massage for term infants are: improved weight gain, growth, and sleep and decreased hyperbilirubinemia. Benefits for preterm infants are: improved weight gain, decreased response to pain, and increased interactions with parents. However, the few studies use different interventions related to timing and number of massages, and the outcomes vary among studies. There is not enough evidence to support the use of massage for term and preterm infants, but massage may be considered on a case-by-case basis.
Breastfeeding Success Is More Than Just Putting Baby to Breast
Authors: Discenza Deborah
Published: August 2015

ABSTRACT

Breastfeeding success in our society focuses heavily on putting the baby to the breast. However, NICU mothers and especially preemie moms struggle with this very task and are often feeling pressure from various angles medically and therapeutically. At the end of the day, it is about helping that mother build her confidence in her role in the NICU that can dictate breastfeeding success in whatever form that might take.
Adrenal Hemorrhage in Neonates: Unusual Presentation
Authors: Alabsi Samir Y. , Layland Teresa
Published: August 2015

Abstract

Adrenal hemorrhage (AH) is a relatively uncommon condition in newborns. It may be asymptomatic or may present with flank abdominal mass, anemia, jaundice, or rarely as scrotal bruising or hematoma. We report two cases of AH in neonates; the first presented with scrotal hematoma and the second with adrenal mass associated with hypertension and oliguria, primarily secondary to coincidental renal vein thrombosis. Diagnosis was confirmed by abdominal ultrasound. Patients were managed conservatively with clinical observation and by following hemoglobin and bilirubin levels closely. Both infants were discharged without surgical intervention after several days in the hospital. Clinicians should consider AH when a newborn presents with scrotal bruising or hematoma, unexplained anemia, unexplained jaundice, or flank abdominal mass. Timely ultrasonographic evaluation of both adrenal glands and testes in neonates with scrotal hematoma may spare infants from unnecessary surgical intervention because scrotal hematoma often raises the suspicion of testicular torsion.
Emollient Use in the Term Newborn: A Literature Review
Authors: Irvin Erin J. , Miller Harriet D.
Published: August 2015

Abstract

The skin of a term newborn differs both from preterm skin and that of an adult, and there is currently little consensus on the proper use of emollients in this population. The focus of most published literature is on preterm skin and the use of bathing products, with limited information regarding emollient use. Intact skin is the first line of defense against infection, allergens, and dehydration, and dry and compromised skin puts the infant at greater risk of harm from the aforementioned complications. Emollients are part of the front-line treatment for atopic dermatitis (AD), and, with the incidence of AD on the rise, it is imperative that further research be conducted to provide a guide for clinical practice.
Factors Predicting Youth Anxiety Severity: Preliminary Support for a Standardized Behavioral Assessment of Parental and Youth Avoidance Behaviors
Authors: Kuckertz Jennie M. , Carmona Arturo R. , Chang Susanna , Piacentini John , Amir Nader
Published: August 2015

Anxiety severity in youth is associated with a host of negative outcomes including poor response to treatment. Thus, a better understanding of factors that contribute to anxiety severity is needed. Such factors may include parental anxiety as well as anxiety-related approach and avoidance behaviors in both children and parents. In this study, we examined automatic behavioral tendencies as a method of quantifying anxiety-related approach and avoidance behaviors in children and their parents. Clinically anxious youth (N= 19) with mixed anxiety diagnoses and their parents completed an approach-avoidance task (AAT) comprising different emotional expressions. Our results suggest that in addition to parent report of youth anxiety, both youth and parent automatic avoidance biases predict clinician-rated youth anxiety severity accounting for 62% of the variance in clinician-rated youth anxiety. These results suggest that the AAT may be a useful measure of automatic behavioral tendencies in clinically anxious youth and their parents and that these factors may be relevant to youth anxiety severity.
Interprofessional Clinical Assignments: A Project in Nursing Education
Authors: Turner Stephanie
Published: August 2015

Education involving interprofessional activities helps to improve learning and the ability to work in an effective collaborative environment. In this project, 16 baccalaureate nursing students were given the opportunity to work with other members of the health care team to develop an understanding of the roles and responsibilities of each group of professionals and the communication skills needed to provide quality and safe care to patients and to positively impact their motivation to work with members of other health professions. All the students in the group documented the successful completion of these objectives in their journals.
Cultural Immersion as a Strategy for Empowerment
Authors: Charles Jennell P.
Published: August 2015

Cultural immersion experiences offered through study abroad opportunities for nursing students have been increasing in recent years. Examining the impact of these experiences has largely focused on students and not on the faculty leading the experiences. It is important to understand the impact of these experiences on all participants. Exploring the literature on empowerment provides some clarity on the relationship between studying abroad and its impact on participants. Further research linking cultural immersion experiences with empowerment is needed to better understand this relationship and the possibilities of empowering both students and faculty engaged in these exciting opportunities.
Limited‐Transpiration Trait May Increase Maize Drought Tolerance in the US Corn Belt
Authors: Messina Carlos D. , Sinclair Thomas R. , Hammer Graeme L. , Curan Dian , Thompson Jason , Oler Zac , Gho Carla , Cooper Mark
Published: August 2015

Yield loss due to water deficit is ubiquitous in maize (Zea mays L.) production environments in the United States. The impact of water deficits on yield depends on the cropping system management and physiological characteristics of the hybrid. Genotypic diversity among maize hybrids in the transpiration response to vapor pressure deficit (VPD) indicates that a limited‐transpiration trait may contribute to improved drought tolerance and yield in maize. By limiting transpiration at VPD above a VPD threshold, this trait can increase both daily transpiration efficiency and water availability for late‐season use. Reduced water use, however, may compromise yield potential. The complexity associated with genotype × environment × management interactions can be explored in a quantitative assessment using a simulation model. A simulation study was conducted to assess the likely effect of genotypic variation in limited‐transpiration rate on yield performance of maize at a regional scale in the United States. We demonstrated that the limited‐transpiration trait can result in improved maize performance in drought‐prone environments and that the impact of the trait on maize productivity varies with geography, environment type, expression of the trait, and plant density. The largest average yield increase was simulated for drought‐prone environments (135 g m−2), while a small yield penalty was simulated for environments where water was not limiting (–33 g m−2). Outcomes from this simulation study help interpret the ubiquitous nature of variation for the limited‐transpiration trait in maize germplasm and provide insights into the plausible role of the trait in past and future maize genetic improvement.