bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
All senses matter
Authors: Asmervik Sigmund
Published: February 2025

The concept of universal design is fairly new, just a little more than two decades. The architect Ron Mace based is one of the key persons who have worked on developing the concept. This is a quite different approach to disability than the American with Disability Act, ADA, has developed after 1990, working with detailed ADA guidelines, and focusing much on the rights for persons with different sorts of impairment. The Norwegian, universell utforming, were first in a small report published in 1997, and is a strange hybrid of the American universal design congregation and the ADA. For understandable reasons there has been most focus narrowly on physical for wheelchair users and for persons with visual impairments. This paper try to remind us that persons characterised as disabled are human beings, with senses that are not so much focused on when working with universal design.
UD principles for home appliances and some talking devices to support independent life for dementia or MCI
Authors: Sagara Jiro  , Tanemura Rumi  , Noda Kazue  , Nagao Totu
Published: February 2025

The authors found problems that the elderly people are facing in their daily life using everyday technologies including home electric appliances. They developed principles to design home appliances for elderly persons and a couple of talking apparatuses to draw attention or to lead correct behavior for persons who are dementia or MCI. They are the smell warning for refrigerator, the adviser to stay at home, and the room climate telling.
Universal Design Awareness of Survey Software Manufacturers
Authors: Halbach Till  , Tjøstheim Ingvar  , Hoydal Kristina
Published: February 2025

This national study of survey software regarding universal design and accessibility has been conducted by interviewing the makers of such software. Among the upsides is that the theory apparently is well understood, many impairments are widely known, and there is the will to make a product with a high degree of accessibility. In order to achieve the goals of universal design, it is necessary to view universal design as a process in the development of IT solutions. The study indicates that quite few, in the daily operations, work in accordance with this principle. Besides improving the knowledge of the relevant legislation, the developer's competence regarding how to implement universal design in practice should be increased, and adequate methods and processes should be part of how the companies work.
Universal Design Practice in Malaysia: Architect's Perceptions of its Terminology
Authors: Yusof Mohamed  , Jones David
Published: February 2025

Universal Design is a concept that embraces and covers issues of accessibility in the built and natural environments. The concept has progressively been introduced into the Malaysian built environment and architecture practice. However, its implementation in Malaysia is still considerably deficient. This paper investigates the contemporary perceptions of Malaysian architects towards the implementation of Universal Design in Malaysian built environment practice with an emphasis on their understanding of the terminology of Universal Design by means of face-to-face interviews. Findings indicate misconceptions towards the terminology of Universal Design exist in Malaysian practice due to a lack of understanding of the terminology that is negating its implementation in built environment practice.
Developing accessibility plans: methods and tools. Case study
Authors: Garofolo Ilaria  , Lauría Antonio  , Grion Silvia
Published: February 2025

High levels of quality for built environments that meet the needs of the largest segments of population can be achieved by enhancing their accessibility, seen as the attitude of places, goods and services to be identifiable, approachable, understandable and usable autonomously by all. Despite an abounding framework of standards and regulations, places don't always reach a satisfying accessibility degree being, in fact, full of physical and perceptive obstacles. The “culture” of Universal Design has not yet been able to substantially modify the processes of planning and designing the habitat transformation; this calls for shifting the action from the mere compliance with regulation to the implementation of strategies for environmental regeneration. The effectiveness of projects that achieve the highest accessibility degree cannot be separated from the ability to involve all the stakeholders in the decision making process, hence including end users. Consistent policies at different scales and the development of actions with a strategic value can be adopted to meet the vision, such as the planning of interventions guided by appropriate operational tools. The paper refers to the experience carried out in Italy by some municipalities which developed “Accessibility Plan” as planning tool and “Accessibility Lab” as its operational body.
Advances in Magnetic NDE
Authors: Kikuchi Hiroaki
Published: February 2025

Magnetic method is one of a prospective candidate for nondestructive evaluation before crack initiation, because magnetic properties are very sensitive to microstructures of the materials, and therefore are sensitive to the mechanical properties. This paper introduces the relations between the magnetic properties and the mechanical properties, the microstructures of materials firstly, and explains several magnetic parameters for nondestructive evaluations: hysteresis, permeability, Barkhausen noise, etc. Then, the several results of parameter changes on cold rolled low carbon steel are introduced. As other cases, results when scanning a probe over deformed samples are described (these include the reviews of our past works). Finally, since microstructures have anisotropy as well as the magnetic properties for the deformed sample, the results in such cases are introduced. The potential of nondestructive evaluation using magnetism for mechanical properties and degradation of steels will be introduced.
Defect Detection with Velocity Induced Eddy Currents Using a Permanent Magnet
Authors: Ramos Helena G.  , Rocha Tiago J.  , Pasadas Dário J.  , Ribeiro A. Lopes
Published: February 2025

Rail flaw detection is at present an important research and development area. Technological developments augmented the circulating speed of trains, improved their comfort and increased the use of railway transportation in Europe making the safety of railway networks a paramount issue. One item associated with today's rail track assessment is inspection speed. This paper presents a contribution to attain a solution for this problem. It proposes a testing method whose sensitivity increases with the moving speed of the probe in relation with the material to be tested.
Studies on Magnetic and Mechanical Properties in Plastically Deformed Ferromagnetic Steels
Authors: Roskosz Maciej  , Witoś Mirosław  , Fryczowski Krzysztof
Published: February 2025

The paper investigates the impact of the degree of plastic strain on the values of hardness HV5 and on the values which describe the Barkhausen noise and the residual magnetic field (RMF) quantitatively. Tests were performed on plastically deformed samples with a noticeable local narrowing – a neck. An analysis was carried out of the possibility of developing diagnostic relations that would allow an evaluation of mechanical quantities by means of magnetic characteristics. It is found that the differences in the degree of plastic deformation are well reflected by hardness values, the energy of Barkhausen noise EBN, the number of counts NBNand the gradients of the RMF components. The sensitivity of these diagnostic signals is similar. It is possible to develop quantitative diagnostic relations that could be used to evaluate the degree of plastic deformation based on the quantities mentioned above as well as dependences to determine other mechanical properties by means of magnetic measurements.
Numerical Behavior of Models of Composite Materials in E'NDT at “Low” Frequencies
Authors: Barbato Lucio  , Minucci Simone  , Rubinacci Guglielmo  , Tamburrino Antonello  , Ventre Salvatore
Published: February 2025

In this paperthe numerical modeling of composite materials in view of Nondestructive Testing is considered. The composite material is assumed to be modeled at the macroscopic scale by a possibly complex dielectric permittivity tensor. The material is probed by means of an electromagnetic field having wavelength much larger than the relevant geometrical dimensions. As well known, the numerical modeling is critical especially in this “low-frequency” regime where a strong ill-conditioning of the relevant stiffness matrix typically occur (the so-called low-frequency breakdown problem). The proposednumerical model is robust w.r.t. this underlying ill-conditioning.
Generating Scenario Traces for Model Creation in Smart Environments
Authors: Buchholz Gregor  , Forbrig Peter
Published: February 2025

The implementation of assistance systems for Intelligent Environments still is a challenging task. Behavioral models help to derive supportive actions from the observation by sensors. But the creation of such models on the level of detail required is a resource consuming task. Methods for the (partly) generation of behavioral models for use cases require protocolled event traces. This paper suggests an approach to record user behavior without the need of real users performing in the real environment. Results of this method can easily be incorporated into the model generation.
Towards the Physical Instantiation of Virtual People and Components in Physical Mixed-Reality Tele-Presence Environments
Authors: Alzahrani Ahmed  , Callaghan Vic  , Gardner Michael
Published: February 2025

Interaction between virtual and physical worlds is an area of growing importance as technology increases the amount of virtualization in our lives. However, to-date, most of this work has focused on translating the physical world into a virtual representation, with little attention being paid to instantiating the virtual in the physical world. This paper addresses this latter issue. In particular we examine how a virtual student can be given a presence in a real smart classroom in order to have better interaction with local students within a shared environment. In this ‘’work-in-progress' (concept) paper, we propose a novel augmented-reality based approach that identifies and synchronises the remote and local environmental states (people and environment) so as to provide a more naturalistic mixed reality shared environment.
Boulevard: Affective Adaptive User Interface
Authors: Eichler Zdenek
Published: February 2025

Applications had grown into complex applications, where such complexity negatively impacts usability by owing to provide single static user interface that should meet all users. We focus on adaptive user interfaces, which automatically customize user interface without direct user's invitation. In our previous work we have developed a novel adaptive interface called Boulevard, a panel container with a user interface automatically personalized to an individual user. We present our work-in-progress focused on enhancing Boulevard by utilization of affective computing and eye tracking, since considering user's current emotional state and point of gaze may play important role for performance of adaptive user interface.
Geotechnical borehole data included in a Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI)
Authors: Paulsen Eivind Magnus  , Sandven Rolf
Published: February 2025

The paper presents a Norwegian standardization project from 2008 to 2011 where the main output was an application schema describing geotechnical borehole data including the most common sounding and sampling methods, in situ tests and laboratory tests. The schema defines a reference structure for underground observations, suitable for at least three different user cases: Site investigations on land, offshore gravity coring and offshore borehole mode. The Norwegian Mapping Authority (NMA) has approved the schema and included it in the national feature catalog, a vital part of the Norwegian Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI).
EarthServer for Geological applications – Opening up access to big data using OGC web services
Authors: Passmore James  , Laxton John  , Sen Marcus
Published: February 2025

EarthServer, an ongoing e-Infrastructure EU-FP7 project ending in August 2014, is developing capabilities for access to, and ad-hoc processing of, large Earth science data sets using Open Geospatial Consortium standard web service interfaces for coverage data. At project close it is intended that at least 200TB of data, in total, will be available online through a number of services, covering the Cryospheric, Atmospheric, Planetary science, Oceanographic, and Geological domains, the latter of which is being provided by the British Geological Survey (BGS).
Wireless sensor monitoring of timber structures in underground constructions
Authors: Xu Xiaomin  , Soga Kenichi  , Nawaz Sarfraz  , Moss Neil  , Bowers Keith  , Gajia Mohammed
Published: February 2025

While temporary timber structures have been extensively used in the underground construction processes, their current design is often conservative and over-engineered. Understanding the real performance of mixed timber-steel supporting systems will be beneficial to reduce both the health and safety risks to workers, and to cut the construction cost and time. In this paper, we introduce a novel technology called Wireless SmartPlank Network (WSPN) to monitor the timber structures in underground constructions. SmartPlank is a wooden beam equipped with a streamlined wireless sensor node, two thin foil strain gauges and two temperature sensors, which enable us to measure the bending strain and temperature experienced by the both sides of the beam, and transmit this information in real-time over an IPv6 (6LowPan) multi-hop wireless mesh network and Internet while the underground construction is taking place. The SmartPlank was carefully tested and calibrated in the lab. Four SmartPlanks were deployed at Tottenham Court Road (TCR) station during the Stair 14 excavation, together with seven relay nodes and a gateway node to provide connectivity to the Internet, and this monitoring will last for one and half years until the Central Line possession in 2015. The captured temperature data shows that the cement hydration rose up to 33 degrees around 10 hours after grouting, while the measured strain data indicates that the planks were not experiencing pure bending, with very large compression on the top surface during grouting but much less strain on the bottom side. The converted vertical earth pressure is much smaller than the design load. Some challenges we encountered on the real site deployment are also highlighted.
The framework of shield tunnel management system
Authors: Chen Xueqin  , Zhu Hehua  , Li Xiaojun
Published: February 2025

The shield tunnels in Shanghai, China are going through the transition from the construction period to the maintenance period after they were put into operation. The current maintenance policies of shield tunnel are passive which are not effective or efficient. In order to maintain the service performance of shield tunnel above a certain level through the active maintenance polices, the framework of shield tunnel management system is proposed in this paper. It mainly consists of six parts, which are identification of the elements to be maintained, performance requirement, condition assessment, performance prediction, optimal maintenance strategies and maintenance operation respectively. Each part of the system is elaborated in this paper. With the utilization of the system, it can maintain and control the serviceability of shield tunnels in an effective and efficient way.
Consolidation parameters of Holocene clays determined by artificial neural network and their application to stochastic estimation of settlement
Authors: Oda Kazuhiro  , Lee Minsun  , Yokota Ken-ichi
Published: February 2025

The determination of the spatial distribution of consolidation parameters, which are used to predict the consolidation settlement, was carried out through an artificial neural network. Monte Carlo simulations of consolidation settlement were carried out in order to discuss their accuracy. The ability of the artificial neural network was verified by estimating the errors of the consolidation parameters.
GeoTechTools: A Web-Based Information and Guidance System for Geoconstruction Technologies
Authors: Douglas S. Caleb  , Schaefer Vernon R.  , Berg Ryan R.
Published: February 2025

The geotechnical engineering community previously lacked a central repository which summarizes, distills, and distributes the abundant amount of information regarding geoconstruction technologies. Today, a central repository system is available at www.GeoTechTools.org. This new comprehensive, web-based information and guidance system compiles knowledge for forty-six geoconstruction technologies applicable to transportation infrastructure from the following areas: geosynthetics, ground improvement, grouting, slope stabilization, soil reinforcement, soil stabilization, alternative materials, and recycled geomaterials. The information system contains two primary components, a Catalog of Technologies and a Technology Selection assistance system, and supporting components. For each technology, the following documents can be accessed through the Catalog of Technologies: Technology Fact Sheet, Photographs, Case Histories, Design Guidance, Quality Control/Quality Assurance, Cost Information, Specifications, and Bibliography. Technology selection assistance aids the user in identifying a short-list of potential geoconstruction technologies for a user defined set of project conditions. The value of the system is that it collects, synthesizes, integrates, and organizes a vast amount of critically important information about geotechnical solutions on a readily accessible website. The target audience for the system is primarily public agency geotechnical engineering personnel, transportation managers, and decision makers at local, state, and federal levels. Additionally, civil/structural, construction, pavement, and construction engineers in consulting, contracting, and academia will also find the system useful. Herein, the development and implementation of the web-based system are described.
Numerical and Field Evaluation of Pile Behavior in Sandy Soil Underlain by Clay
Authors: Bakr R.  , Eimeligy M.  , Ibrahim A.
Published: February 2025

When the building loads are relatively small, challenges often faces the foundation design especially when inappropriate soil conditions exist. These may be represented in the existence of soft soil in the upper layers of soil while sandy soil or firm cohesive soil exists in the deeper layers. In such cases, the design becomes infeasible if the piles are extended to the deeper layers, especially when there are sandy layers at shallower depths underlain by stiff clayey soil. In this research, models of piles resting in a sand layer underlain by clay soils are numerically simulated by different modelling theories. Finite element software, Plaxis 3-D Foundation was used to evaluate the pile behavior under different loading scenarios. The standard static load test, (SSLT), according to ASTM D-1143, was simulated and compared with the real-life loading, (RLL), scenario. The results showed that the pile behavior obtained from the current static load test are not realistically represented compared with that obtained from real-life loading. Attempts were carried out to capture the proper numerical loading scenario that simulates the pile behavior in real-life loading including the long-term effect. A new method called Modified Quick load Test, (MQLT1.3), based on the findings of this research is proposed for the pile static load test. Field loading tests were carried out to validate the new method. Results obtained from both numerical and field tests by using MQLT1.3 prove that this method is more accurate in predicting the pile behavior in sand soil underlain by clay than the current standard static load.
Case Studies for Concurrent Engineering Concept in Shipbuilding Industry
Authors: Hiekata Kazuo  , Grau Matthias
Published: February 2025

In shipbuilding process, design information is generated in each phase to shape products and operations. For each process the design activities are carried out with a high level of concurrency supported by various computer software systems, though quality of products and efficiency of the concurrent development process highly depend on experiences and insights of skilled experts. The detailed design information is difficult to be shared and design conflicts are solved in a common effort by design engineers in downstream design stages. Data sharing across design sections and simulation of the construction process to predict time and cost are the key factors for concurrent engineering in shipbuilding industry. The concurrent engineering process in shipbuilding will be getting more and more accurate and efficient along with the accumulated design knowledge and simulation results. This paper reviews shipbuilding product creation process and demonstrates practical usage through typical, comprehensive use cases from design and manufacturing.
The Sources and Methods of Engineering Design Requirement
Authors: Li Xuemeng  , Zhang Zhinan  , Ahmed-Kristensen Saeema
Published: February 2025

The increasing interest in emerging markets drives the product development activities for emerging markets. As a first step, companies need to understand the specific design requirements of a new market when expanding into it. Requirements from external sources are particularly challenging to be defined in a new context. This paper focuses on understanding the design requirement sources at the requirement elicitation phase. It aims at proposing an improved design requirement source classification considering emerging markets and presenting current methods for eliciting requirement for each source. The applicability of these methods and their adaption for emerging market is discussed.
A Knowledge-Based Approach for Facilitating Design of Curved Shell Plates' Manufacturing Plans
Authors: Sun Jingyu  , Hiekata Kazuo  , Yamato Hiroyuki  , Nakagaki Norito  , Sugawara Akiyoshi
Published: February 2025

The approach described in this paper provides a framework for capturing the knowledge during the curved shell plate's manufacturing, in which the knowledge is articulated in Nested Ripple Down Rules tree format. An interactive computer system has been designed that incorporates a four faceted knowledge-based framework including: (1) Virtual template system provided in the prior work (2) Raw Knowledge Interrelated Database (3) Knowledge Base and (4) Knowledge Elicitation and Dissemination. The framework provides beginning workers with the capability to quickly design a manufacturing plan about all aspects of the design process as the expert workers. The system which integrates the proposed approaches above is evaluated by conducting a series of experiments in the shipyard. The knowledge such as how to manufacturing the curved shell plate considering multiple parameters of the plate in one time is elicited by evaluating a couple of parameters' combination.
In a Network-centric World
Authors: Hsu John C.
Published: February 2025

Rapid advances in Information Technology have resulted in revolutionary changes in the way we run our businesses and live our daily lives. Network-Centric Operations (NCO) recognizes that interdependence (sharing information among many) is vital to an organization's future. Information must be quickly distributed, its value understood and the desired effect created. NCO occurs when systems are linked or networked by a common infrastructure, share information across geographic borders, and dynamically reallocate resources based on operational needs. NCO is an environment where seamless collaboration between networks, systems or elements within systems is possible. This network will provide decisions makers with information from thousands of cloud nodes to produce a complete picture of Cloud Manufacturing viewed as a three-dimensional chessboard. Enabling this seamless networking capability is an information and communication Strategic Architecture Reference Model (RFM). The RFM works with both legacy and future systems and platforms to ensure interoperability with nodes that follow the same set of standards. Understanding System-of-Systems Engineering (SOSE) is critical to a robust architecture development of NCO systems. There are five System-of-Systems (SoS) characteristics [1] but the dominating one is emergent behavior. This non-linear behavior will impact architecture development. We have little understanding of the principles of SOSE in which especially the dominating behavior of emergence. Proposed research subjects are Boltzmann distribution probability theory, and agent-based emergent behavior model, etc. Due to the immature development and diversified opinions, there does not exist a single unified consensus for processes involved in System-of-Systems Engineering.
Application of Knowledge-based Engineering in the Automobile Panel Die Design
Authors: Wen Jiafu  , Guo Wei  , Wang Zhenhai
Published: February 2025

Automobile panel die is the typically customized parts in the car industries requiring many designers and engineering knowledge to meet the changing requirements. Meanwhile, industrial companies are always being exhorted to become more competitive by reducing the lead time and costs for their products to survival. KBE technology is a relatively young technology with competitive advantage for design application to reduce the lead-time drastically. This paper addressed the structure of the automobile panel die design system based on the KBE technology in details. The system operates by creating a unified knowledge base to store the scattered knowledge among the design process from the experts and engineering knowledge resources through coding, which contained in the expert's brain and technical literature. It helps designers to make appropriate decisions by supplying necessary information at the right time through query and inference engine to represent the knowledge within the KBE application framework. We mainly use the RBR and CBR retrieving mechanism to reach the best solutions. In the paper, an example was given to illustrate the operation process and prove its validity.
Intelligent Utilization of Digital Manufacturing Data in Modern Product Emergence Processes
Authors: Wallis Regina  , Stjepandic Josip  , Rulhoff Stefan  , Stromberger Frank  , Deuse Jochen
Published: February 2025

The application of digital manufacturing tools has been continuously increasing in order to deal with product and process complexity in shortened product lifecycles. The resulting comprehensive digital documentation of the product emergence process provides an opportunity to support concurrent engineering processes. By identifying correlations and recurrent patterns with the aid of data mining techniques, tacit planning knowledge can be revealed and reintegrated into new process planning workflows in order to enhance planning efficiency and facilitate decision making. Based on the classification and clustering of both product and process data and the determination of their respective linkages, this paper presents a novel approach for the knowledge-based support of product emergence processes.
The Analysis of Axial Slippage of the Sleeve in Circuit Breaker Operating Mechanism
Authors: Shijing Wu  , Haibo Zhang  , Zenglei Zhang  , Wenqiang Zhao
Published: February 2025

The circuit breaker plays a key role in the protection and controlling of high voltage transmission and distribution network. The operating mechanism is one of the most important execution units and its reliability level directly relates to the security of grid. As a result of repeating operation in practice, plastic deformation occurs in the sleeve of circuit breaker operating mechanism, and even the sleeve slips axially and falls from institutions, which seriously reduces the reliability of the circuit breaker operating mechanism. In view of the lack of current research on the phenomenon of sliping of the sleeve in circuit breaker operating mechanism, the problem of axial slip of the sleeve has been studied and the kinematic model of circuit breaker operating mechanism has been established in this paper. The cause of axial slippage of the sleeve has been analyzed through ABAQUS finite element simulation platform. Finally, part of parameters at the hinge are optimized using Taguchi method to achieve the goal of reducing axial slippage of the sleeve.
Educating for Transcultural Design
Authors: Tate Derrick
Published: February 2025

Design broadly defined deals with mapping from what individuals in society want or need to means for satisfying these needs. Thus, an appropriate basis for product design deals with user-centered product and systems design for society in response to social, cultural, and technical context. A new generation of industrial and product designers needs to be educated who are able to understand and participate in the world's ongoing social, cultural, and economic transformation through achieving a balance of creative and technical knowledge and competencies. Many different disciplines have a role to play in developing products, processes, systems, and technologies, and industrial designers should be product integrators and bridge builders between disciplines and cultures. Throughout the design process, cultural knowledge has a large role to play in the ultimate success of products and systems across many dimensions. This paper presents educational strategies for cultural awareness, understanding, and adaptation as applied to the creation, innovation, and development of products and technologies. This paper describes the context of recent approaches to integrating design within universities and focuses on the development of the new Bachelor of Engineering program in the Department of Industrial Design at Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University.
Experience with Master Theses ran as Projects
Authors: Tollenboom Jean Pierre
Published: February 2025

An experiment with master students in engineering has been performed for the second year.
Energy Utilization Modeling and Simulation for Pulp and Paper Manufacturing Processes
Authors: Liu Yitao  , Jiao Roger J.
Published: February 2025

Pulp and paper manufacturing has been known to be one the largest industrial sector consumers of energy. The need energy cost saving is compelling due to the increasing volatility of energy prices in today's marketplace. The challenge of maintaining high product quality while simultaneously reducing production costs can often be met through investments in energy efficiency, which can include the purchase of energy efficient technologies and the implementation of plant-wide energy efficiency practices. In this paper, a technical framework of system modeling technique is introduced to model energy conversion and utilization throughout the pulp and paper manufacturing system and sub-systems. A well-established SysML-based process model is translated to a Discrete-Event Simulation model. By simulating the system's response to the changing energy price and market demands, diverse what-if scenarios of system energy utilization can be analyzed in terms of reduction of the total energy cost.
A Value Creation Based Business Model for Customized Product Service System Design
Authors: Chen Yu-Ting  , Chiu Ming-Chuan
Published: February 2025

With the raise of the sustainable production concept and intense global industrial competition, companies' pressure on retaining profit becomes heavier. Without devoting to reduce the environment impact, company should identify a competitive business model to stand out from others. As a solution, product-service system (PSS) has been proposed. PSS is a concept which attaches importance to balance economic, environmental, and social aspect by adding service into product to elevate the product value and improve the utilization of products. Although PSS seems to be a win-win idea in both customers and suppliers, companies still struggle to develop customized PSS. The purpose of this study is to provide a process which could guide the companies to evaluate and develop their specialized profitable and sustainable PSS business model based on core competence. Also, two umbrella related cases were applied to prove that this methodology could assist company in developing customized PSS business model. The result would be presented in the value interaction model.
A Requirements Engineering Methodology for Technological Innovations Assessment
Authors: Marcelino-Jesus Elsa  , Sarraipa Joao  , Agostinho Carlos  , Jardim-Goncalves Ricardo
Published: February 2025

The constant development of technology connected to the growing of Internet, contributes to promote collaborations between companies, leading them to new business opportunities. This acts as a lever able to make entrepreneurs or investors, namely the ones that can be defined as “risk lovers”, to contribute with new ideas, which through an effective implementation would result in new profitable products. Thus, these entrepreneurships initiatives would result in the creation of technological innovations, which are widely recognized as having an important role in the world economies. It is fundamental to support these technological innovations development through effective requirements engineering. This paper presents a requirement engineering methodology composed by five phases able to access the requirements with the purpose of improving industrial scenarios applications implementation resulted from research projects. Its main objective is to support the development, adaptation, and validation of technologic innovations to facilitate further exploitation.
Sensors and Simulation Cooperative Module Based Information Management Command System in Mine Dynamic Disaster Prevention
Authors: Wang Daning  , Rausch Andreas  , Li Sheng  , Zhang Hongwei  , Li Junwen
Published: February 2025

Mineral resources are a kind of important material foundation for economic and social development. With the depth of mine increasing, the mine dynamic disaster occurs more frequently and even more seriously. In addition, it results in huge economic losses and casualties and thus poses a great threat to the mine production and safety. It is therefore necessary to establish an efficient information management command system in order to prevent the rock burst and mine dynamic disaster effectively. Based on the modular modeling technology with characteristics efficiency, flexibility and dynamics sensor equipment, control equipment, simulation equipment and combination can cooperate with each over and be achieved to recombination after the partial dismantling. It draws the conclusion that it is significant for mine dynamic disaster monitoring and prediction to build an efficient information platform which combines simulation technology with sensor technology.
Risk Management in the Design of Engineering as Sociotechnical Systems
Authors: Moser Bryan R.  , Wood Ralph T.  , Hiekata Kazuo
Published: February 2025

This paper reviews risk management as commonly applied in engineering projects, addresses shortcomings, and introduces additional thinking on uncertainty in engineering projects. Despite practices in risk management, unexpected events leading to unacceptable outcomes continue to happen. As practiced, common methods rest upon input measures from experts, in particular to evaluate the probability and effect of a risk. Limitations are well known, including errors, disparate use of qualitative measures, biases and overconfidence, prioritization and focus on local effect rather than systemic value, and meaningless combined exposure scores. By viewing the engineering project as a sociotechnical system, we consider human expertise not as constraint but as fundamental to the system. Rather than removal of human judgment, we seek to position people to leverage existing judgment within limits of relevance while stimulating attention and learning towards systemically relevant options. We propose the design of projects that incorporate human attention in identification and response to risks as learning and coordination within the project's broader sociotechnical architecture.
Predicting Product Adoption in Large Social Networks for Demand Estimation
Authors: Zhou Feng  , Ji Yangjian  , Jiao Roger J.
Published: February 2025

Recent advances in social media that allow better access to social networks of customers have profound technical and economic implications for design and innovation research. This paper focuses on product adoption probability prediction in the context of large social networks, which paves the way for demand modeling. Traditional approaches to demand modeling in design are mainly based on customer preferences, such as utility theory or discrete choice models, which neglect the importance of explicitly modeling of customers purchase (i.e., adoption) decisions. The paper presents an integrated approach to quantify social network effects on customer choice behavior and predict product adoption probabilities through data mining from large-scale social media data.
Cyber Security – Threat Scenarios, Policy Framework and Cyber Wargames
Authors: Vaseashta Ashok  , Susmann Philip  , Braman Eric
Published: February 2025

Securing digital assets is an extremely difficult and strategic challenge worldwide that requires technology, cooperation between the public and private sector, military and civilian education and training, and a legal and policy framework. Unfortunately, cyber-crime and cyber–terrorism are on the rise and the perpetrators operate from shadows without boundaries. The technology that is developed to enhance our capabilities has the capacity to inflict harm by way of misusing information, pilfering financial assets, jeopardizing safety, security and integrity of our critical infra-structure. The nature of the technology and our growing reliance on its reliability and security opens vulnerability on a personal to national scale. A cyber-attack by small groups or individuals capable of large consequence is now a reality. Nation states and significant sub national actors are developing skills to promote political motives into the cyberspace with cyber crime as the noise that obfuscates the methods and tactics of cyberwar. Cyber-wars are always ongoing, however events such as a “Cyber-9/11” or the “Cyber Pearl Harbor”, though possible cannot be predicted. Cyber-war has escalated in a pervasive manner with advanced persistent threats infiltrating our national security and defense industrial base systems. Urgency exists worldwide to define a national cyber policy to enhance resiliency in the cyber domain. This requires examining consequence and probability while exploring methods for escalation of response to be considered. Defining what indicators and warnings will engage a national response to the cyber event is a representation of the national capability and priorities. At what point do nations collaborate with national partners to respond as a region. Each national policy will mirror the will of the society and government adopting those tenets but some basic parameters help to lead the development of the policy. The policy must be tested and processes developed and exercised to ensure resiliency. A critical element of national policy and regional collaboration must be the development of national and regional cyber exercises and war-games that hone response and refine capability. Finally, cooperation across multiple nations requires the development of trust initially to create the legal framework for sharing information and resources.
Efficiency of improving the specifications of soil lenses, that are formed near the tunnel during the stages of its investment
Authors: Awwad Talal  , Al-Asali Bader Eddin
Published: February 2025

The surrounding conditions of tunnel lining may be changed during the investment period, which lead to a redistribution of forces acting on the tunnel lining, and perhaps generate new forces that are not taken into account during the design. In this paper, a case study of Alsafkon tunnel is regarded, which is one of the Syrian Railway deep tunnels. The lining of this tunnel suffers from cracks, leakage, and other defects. The results of numerical analysis are conformed to the current situation of the tunnel in terms of distributed cracks places in the concrete lining. The study showed also the importance of improving the lens properties to avoid the total fall down of the tunnel.
Foundations by prestressing anchors of the “Villa Méditerranée” in Marseille: from design to monitoring
Authors: Jacquard Catherine
Published: February 2025

The structure of the Villa Méditerranée is in an unstable position, which gives to four of its foundations a permanent traction load. Each of these foundations is stabilised by 4 to 6 active permanent anchors (149 to 349 Tonnes of load service each). In order to limit deformations due to elasticity of prestressing cables, a specific level of prestressing has been defined. The paper presents the design, the achievement and the monitoring of the prestressing anchors, in order to insure the stability of the structure.
Piled embankments in soft estuary clay – Experience from design and field measurements for redevelopment of harbour areas in Northern Germany
Authors: Vollmert Lars  , Schlee Juri
Published: February 2025

piled embankments to be used under poor subsoil conditions have become popular due to the advantage of high robustness, low settlements and low influences on existing buildings and infrastructural measures and, last but not least, acceptable costs. after several years (or decades) of using this complex geotechnical construction with interaction of soil improvement measures (piles or columns), spanning and supporting reinforcement, arching embankment soil and influence of cyclic/dynamic loading a safe design procedure is already established by the German ebgeo. Field measurements and monitoring results are used to improve the understanding of full scale constructions and practical validation of design procedures, giving further input to understanding and therefore optimization.
An investigation into the vertical axial capacities and groundwater cut-off capabilities of secant pile walls
Authors: Adekunte Abid
Published: February 2025

Secant pile walls are increasingly becoming popular groundwater cut-off systems of choice on underground construction sites, as they offer a number of advantages over traditional sheet piling and diaphragm walls. However, some elements of uncertainty surround the design and construction of secant pile walls. Vertical and horizontal installation tolerances are major issues, especially in the case of multi-level basements, as required tolerances are difficult to achieve with deep piles associated with deep basements. In addition, while conventional foundation piles are routinely statically or dynamically load-tested, hard piles in secant pile walls are rarely axially tested and this does not allow for the routine verification of existing design methods and assumptions.
Shoring-structure interaction in stabilization of excavation adjacent to historic buildings – A Case Study
Authors: Elahi Hamidreza  , Sabermahani Mohsen  , Vahidifard Hesam
Published: February 2025

This paper deals with the assumptions and analyses used to stabilize the excavation of holy Alavi courtyard located in Iraq. Numerical modeling of the problem is performed using PLAXIS software. Due to the connection of the main structure to the retaining system which consist of multi strand cable anchored concrete piles, the interaction between the structure inside the excavation and the retaining structure has been taken into account and its amounts has been investigated based on different scenarios for retaining system connection to the structure. Accuracy of the analysis is evaluated through comparing with actual displacements derived from monitoring of the excavation face during construction and useful conclusions are drawn.
Comparison of finite element and limit equilibrium methods in analysis of soil nail walls
Authors: Melentijevic S.  , Fernández J.L.
Published: February 2025

Soil nailing is a world-wide frequently used technique for temporary and permanent slope stabilization applications and excavations with vertical or nearly vertical cuts. A case study is analyzed applying both limit equilibrium (LEM) and finite element method (FEM), including comparison with internationally used codes and standards. In this paper different approaches are used in FEM for simulation of soil nails by different structural type in order to study its influence on results, e.g. (a) only axial stiffness in nails is taken into account or (b) bending and shear stiffness beside the axial stiffness.
Performance of soil-cement column retaining wall used with top-down construction method for basement construction in Bangkok subsoil
Authors: Tanseng Pornpot  , Namwiset Vichit
Published: February 2025

The performance of soil-cement column (SCC) retaining wall system with top-down construction method was observed and present in this paper. From the observation data, the 3D finite element model is used for back calculation to obtain appropriate stiffness parameter for ground movement prediction during SCC installation stage and during excavation stage. The suitable stiffness parameter for prediction of ground movement for soft clay is 50Suand 500Suat the SCC installation stage and at excavation stage respectively. The influence of stiffness on lateral force is also reported.
Numerical Analysis 3D of a Deep Circular Excavation in the City of Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Tito Jose Carlos Solis  , Romanel Celso
Published: February 2025

At present, due to the need for engineering works of large scale, we have the challenge of solving problems related to deep excavations, where instability problems often occur. In this paper is presented the analysis and validation of the excavation of the service well PS – 39, of the executive project of collectors for treatment of sanitary sewage, located in the city of Rio de Janeiro. This well was constructed using a contention system of a wall of secant column, ring structure type of “shotcrete” covering the columns, and a slab of “jet grouting” anchored with passive tiebacks. The soil parameters of the different layers that compose the geotechnical profile, necessary for numerical modeling, were determined based on the geotechnical information available of the field instrumentation, laboratory data and specific literature review, considering the Mohr-Coulomb constitutive model. The results and interpretation, of the stresses and displacements during the excavation process, were determined using the PLAXIS 3D (2012) program. These results were validated with the measurements determined by instrumentation; then the numerical model will predict rationally the behavior of the set soil-structure during the excavation process. This allows to solve similar problems in advance, allowing proper planning.
Comments on crushable sand stiffness relevant to soil structure interaction issues
Authors: Van Impe W.F.  , Van Impe P.O.
Published: February 2025

The lecture will cover mainly the importance of stiffness parameters of crushable type of foundation sands in the perspective of the state of the art of soil testing and its new developments.