bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Korean physician prescription patterns for home oxygen therapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients
Authors: Kim Youlim , Kim Hwan Il , Park Ji Young , Hong Ji Young , Kim Joo-Hee , Min Kyung Hoon , Rhee Chin Kook , Park Sunghoon , Lee Chang Youl , Lim Seong Yong , Jang Seung Hun , Hwang Yong Il
Published: August 2021

Background/Aims: Hypoxemia in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) leads to reduced ability to exercise, decreased quality of life, and, eventually, increased mortality. Home oxygen therapy in patients with severe COPD reduces distress symptoms and mortality rates. However, there have been few studies on physicians’ prescription behavior toward home oxygen therapy. Therefore, we investigated the respiratory specialists’ perspective on home oxygen therapy.Methods: In this cross-sectional, study, a questionnaire was completed by 30 pulmonary specialists who worked in tertiary hospitals and prescribed home oxygen therapy. The questionnaire consisted of 28 items, including 15 items on oxygen prescription for outpatients, four for inpatients, and nine on service improvement.Results: All physicians were prescribing less than 2 L/min of oxygen for either 24 (n = 10, 33.3%) or 15 hours (n = 9, 30.3%). All (n = 30) used pulse oximetry, 26 (86.7%) analyzed arterial blood gas. Thirteen physicians had imposed restrictions and recommended oxygen use only during exercise or sleep. Sixteen (53.3%) physicians were educating their patients about home oxygen therapy. Furthermore, physicians prescribed home oxygen to patients that did not fit the typical criteria for longterm oxygen therapy, with 30 prescribing it for acute relief and 17 for patients with borderline hypoxemia.Conclusions: This study identified the prescription pattern of home oxygen therapy in Korea. Respiratory physicians prescribe home oxygen therapy to hypoxemic COPD patients for at least 15 hours/day, and at a rate of less than 2 L/min. More research is needed to provide evidence for establishing policies on oxygen therapy in COPD patients.
Affordable Care: Harnessing the Power of Nurses
Authors: Cleveland Kimberly , Motter Tracey , Smith Yvonne
Published: August 2021

Original Medicare produced an increased index of suspicion regarding health costs in 1965. As services expanded, costs escalated. Policy makers moved to control upward spending trends in an attempt to leverage resources across the population. Changes in reimbursement accompanied by the expansion of levels of care during an episode of illness caused stakeholders to carefully analyze value based opportunities. The groundbreaking Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) compels nurses to continue innovation, transformational leadership, and care coordination as major stakeholders in provision of the next generation of cost containment, quality advances, and patient access improvements. This article discusses the nurse impact on national health cost reduction, value based healthcare reimbursement, and opportunities for nurses to impact healthcare quality. In addition, we consider the nurse impact on healthcare quality and access to care, as well as continued opportunities for nurses to impact access and lead change.
Nursing Now! Learning from the Past, Positioning for the Future
Authors: Benton David , Beasley Christine , Ferguson Stephanie
Published: August 2021

The Nursing Now! campaign, a program of the Burdett Trust for Nursing, is being undertaken in collaboration with the World Health Organization and the International Council of Nurses to create a social movement to improve health globally by raising the profile and status of nurses worldwide. Recently, the Nursing Now! campaign produced a report that was launched at the 2018 WISH Foundation meeting in Qatar that explored how the profession of nursing could contribute to the rapid and cost-effective expansion of high-quality universal health coverage (UHC). In this research study we identified how nurses, relative to the medical profession, are contributing to scholarship on UHC, and explored potential opportunities to leverage already-published research toward this agenda. This article offers background and history about UHC, and discusses the methods, results, recommendations, and limitations of our study. The profession of nursing lags significantly behind the medical profession but can potentially make rapid progress if the isolated efforts of researchers are harnessed and systematic methods of knowledge transfer are applied to existing research on nurse-led services and directed toward the pursuit of UHC. This study establishes a baseline of current nursing scholarship that can be used to assess progress in addressing today’s policy opportunities.
Educational Preparation and Nurse Turnover Intention from the Hospital Bedside
Authors: DiMattio Mary , Spegman Adele
Published: August 2021

Evidence of an association between nurses’ educational preparation and patient safety has prompted many hospitals to engage in preferential hiring of baccalaureate nurses or invest resources into tuition assistance. Meanwhile, the difficult nature of nursing at the hospital beside, demanding hospital practice environments, and the need for nurses in expanded roles are converging to create a situation whereby education might beget increased turnover from the hospital bedside. This article describes a study that examined the relationship between educational preparation and turnover intention from the hospital bedside in a sample of nurses from an integrated health system in Pennsylvania. The authors discuss the review of literature, theoretical framework, and study methods. Results indicated that educational preparation independently predicted turnover intention from the hospital bedside. In the discussion and conclusion, the authors suggest that to keep hospitalized patients safe and reduce costs, the hospital bedside should be re-envisioned as a specialty so as to retain baccalaureate nurses in this setting.
Heavy Burdens: Ethical Issues Faced by Military Nurses during a War
Authors: Kenny Deborah , Kelley Patricia
Published: August 2021

American nurses have faced hardship and challenges in every war period in the relatively short history of the United States. This study was an in-depth reanalysis of a two-phase larger study of uniformed service nurses caring for service members injured in the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. In this second phase, a qualitative descriptive study, 235 nurses and 67 wounded service members were interviewed in face-to-face discussions about their caring and care experiences. The article offers background information, discussion of the study methods, and presents some of the ethical issues faced by deployed nurses who were caring for the injured service members and injured/ill civilians during conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. Study findings revealed six themes that emerged directly from the data, providing a comprehensive picture of the many issues faced by these nurses. The stories of the nurses are used to illustrate many of their ethical dilemmas. We offer discussion with implications and recommendations for training and subsequent post-deployment care of these nurses. This article adds to the growing body of literature in the field of military nursing ethics.
Psychological Effects of Military Service: Applying Research to Civilian & Academic Environments
Authors: Chargualaf Katie , Elliott Brenda
Published: August 2021

Active duty, Reserve, and National Guard nurses participate in wartime, humanitarian, and disaster relief missions. Exposure to trauma, death, violence, threats to personal safety, and ethical dilemmas places military nurses at risk for untoward psychological effects. Compassion fatigue, burnout, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are common despite robust efforts to better prepare nurses through realistic training and ongoing assessments of the psychological impacts of military service. Resilience and spirituality as psychological protective factors and post-traumatic growth are discussed. However, the results and implications of military nurse research maintains usefulness beyond the confines of the military context. This review of literature seeks to describe the psychological effects of military service on nurses, highlight similarities with civilian nursing practice, and explore the transferability of research findings and recommendations to civilian and academic environments. The article explores solutions, and offers implications for civilian nursing practice and civilian and academic nurse leaders.
Nurses at the Table: Action Now! for Nursing Education
Authors: Aragon Sofia , Babbo Gerianne , Bear Sarah , Schaffner Mindy
Published: August 2021

Nursing faculty shortages are a crisis at both the state and national levels. In celebration of the Year of the Nurse and Midwife, we share the successes of Action Now!, a movement spearheaded by the Washington Center for Nursing; the Washington Board Of Nursing; and the Council on Nursing Education in Washington State. Securing sustainable financing for nursing programs was the top goal set by the Action Now! coalition. In addition, three major nursing unions assisted with legislative advocacy, helping to secure significant funding from the state legislature to increase nursing educator salaries. We offer background information about how a diverse coalition of nursing organizations joined forces with key stakeholders to address this crisis in nursing education. The article describes vision and implementation for Action Now!, our successes and lessons learned, and the effort to move forward with ongoing challenges to identify and address barriers in nursing education.
Nurses, Nursing Associations, and Health Systems Evolution in Canada
Authors: Villeneuve Michael , Betker Claire
Published: August 2021

Canada and the United States are geographically large federal states with strong central (national) governments. These governments connect to partially self-governing provincial, state, and/or territorial governments that pose ongoing tensions in health systems. Like most countries, both are confronted with the need to contain spiraling costs while delivering better healthcare and promoting better population health. At the same time, they are challenged by global authorities, such as the United Nations, to deliver universal healthcare, primary healthcare, respond to development goals, and address the structural drivers of health inequities. Data from both countries affirms public trust in nurses, with the expectation that they will act in the public interest to improve care and population health. In this article, we focus on Canada. First, we briefly describe the history of health system development and reform, and then consider nursing policy and advocacy in the 21st century. Finally, we offer examples of nurse-led solutions from Canadian nurses and nursing associations to build, overhaul and improve health systems and influence health policy.
The Pearls of Physician Orders for Life Sustaining Treatment (POLST): Translating Patient Decisions into Treatment Orders
Authors: Joyner Nancy , Palmer Carol , Hatchett Joanne
Published: August 2021

Since the Physician Orders for Life Sustaining Treatment (POLST) Paradigm began in 1991, POLST has become utilized throughout the United States. POLST includes the national POLST Paradigm as well as state and regional programs and their specific POLST orders. Yet many nurses may not have received the education needed for POLST implementation. This article seeks to honor individual preferences through advance care planning (ACP) by providing an understanding of POLST, which documents individual treatment wishes as medical orders. In the article the authors discuss advance care planning, advance directives, changes in patient status, and the inception and description of POLST. They distinguish POLST from DNR orders, compare POLST to advance directives, and describe the roles of registered and advanced practice nurses. Additionally, they consider studies that have endorsed the POLST paradigm, and share POLST paradigm pearls as well as possible paradigm pitfalls.
Substance Use Disorders: A Curriculum Response
Authors: Farrell Marian
Published: August 2021

In the United States, among individuals aged 12 or older, approximately 19.7 million people experienced a substance use disorder (SUD) related to use of alcohol or illicit drugs during 2017. Current curricula in nursing education lacks sufficient content and experiences to support a nursing workforce prepared to meet the needs of individuals experiencing substance use disorders. This article describes the scope of the problem, and offers one possible solution that synthesizes essential competencies developed by an expert panel blended with an integrated approach that includes a taxonomy of significant learning. We discuss the resulting framework created for change in baccalaureate nursing education about substance use disorders.
Spreading speed and periodic traveling waves of a time periodic and diffusive SI epidemic model with demographic structure
Authors: Wang Shuang-Ming , Feng Zhaosheng , Wang Zhi-Cheng , Zhang Liang
Published: August 2021

We study the asymptotic spreading properties and periodic traveling wave solutions of a time periodic and diffusive SI epidemic model with demographic structure (follows the logistic growth). Since the comparison principle is not applicable to the full system, we analyze the asymptotic spreading phenomena for susceptible class and infectious class by comparing with respective relevant periodic equations with KPP-type. By applying fixed point theorem to a truncated problem on a finite interval, combining with limit idea, the existence of periodic traveling wave solutions are derived. The results show that the minimal wave speed exactly equals to the spreading speed of infectious class when susceptible class is abundant.
Some results involving multiple matrices
Authors: Dong Sheng ,   School of Mathematics, Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics, Zhengzhou 450046, China, Wang Qingwen , Zhao Ming , Li Zhiqiang ,   Department of Mathematics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China,   Department of public basic education, Henan Police College, Zhengzhou 450046, China,   School of Mathematics and Information Science, Henan University of Economics and Law, Zhengzhou 450046, China
Published: August 2021

In this paper, we first give an alternative proof for a result of Mao in [Linear Algebra Appl., 589 (2020) 96–102], then we present some results involving multiple positive definite matrices and multiple sector matrices.
Initial boundary value problems for a multi-term time fractional diffusion equation with generalized fractional derivatives in time
Authors: Zhou Shuang-Shuang ,   School of Science, Hunan City University, Yiyang 413000, China, Rashid Saima , Rauf Asia , Kubra Khadija Tul , Alsharif Abdullah M. ,   Department of Mathematics, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan,   Department of Mathematics, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan,   Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Taif University, P. O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
Published: August 2021

For a multi-term time-fractional diffusion equation comprising Hilfer fractional derivatives in time variables of different orders between $ 0 $ and $ 1 $, we have studied two problems (direct problem and inverse source problem). The spectral problem under consideration is self-adjoint. The solution to the given direct and inverse source problems is formulated utilizing the spectral problem. For the solution of the given direct problem, we proposed existence, uniqueness, and stability results. The existence, uniqueness, and consistency effects for the solution of the given inverse problem were addressed, as well as an inverse source for recovering space-dependent source term at certain $ T $. For the solution of the challenges, we proposed certain relevant cases.
Acute Myeloid Leukemia Alters Group 1 Innate Lymphoid Cell Differentiation from a Common Precursor
Authors: Lordo Matthew R , Wu Kevin G , Altynova Ekaterina , Shilo Nikolas , Kronen Parker , Nalin Ansel P , Weigel Christoph , Zhang Xiaoli , Yu Jianhua , Oakes Christopher C , Caligiuri Michael A , Freud Aharon G , Mundy-Bosse Bethany L
Published: August 2021

NK cells are known to be developmentally blocked and functionally inhibited in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), resulting in poor clinical outcomes. In this study, we demonstrate that whereas NK cells are inhibited, closely related type 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILC1s) are enriched in the bone marrow of leukemic mice and in patients with AML. Because NK cells and ILC1s share a common precursor (ILCP), we asked if AML acts on the ILCP to alter developmental potential. A combination of ex vivo and in vivo studies revealed that AML skewing of the ILCP toward ILC1s and away from NK cells represented a major mechanism of ILC1 generation. This process was driven by AML-mediated activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), a key transcription factor in ILCs, as inhibition of AHR led to decreased numbers of ILC1s and increased NK cells in the presence of AML. These results demonstrate a mechanism of ILC developmental skewing in AML and support further preclinical study of AHR inhibition in restoring normal NK cell development and function in the setting of AML.
Hot spot mechanism in bubble sensitized commercial explosives
Authors: Feng K K , Chan S K
Published: August 2021

Water-gels and emulsions exhibit two fundamental hot-spot mechanisms, namely shock heating of materials surrounding voids and adiabatic compression heating of bubble gases. By a comparison of the reaction kinetics derived from (a) VOD-diameter data using the
recently developed computer code CPEX and (b) a reaction model proposed previously, it is shown that at the detonation regime, the dominant hot-spot mechanism is shock heating and the remaining explosive outside of the hot-spots is consumed by burning as proposed in the model. At the lower
compression rates, the dominant initiation sensitization mechanism is the adiabatic compression of the gas in entrained bubbles. This is proven by the results from an experimental impact test on chemically sensitized water-gel explosive. The same mechanism operates in the DDT regime of these
explosives. The time to ignition is shown to be related to the time of pressurization in both the impact test and the DDT tests.
Impact of Early versus Late Amniotomy on Induction of Labor in Nulliparous Women after Vaginally Administered Misoprostol: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Anter Mohamed Elsibai , Elkader Shabbana Ayman Abd , Fatahlla Elhalaby Alaa Eldin , Elshafy Abd Elfattah Youssif Hager Abd , Elkhouly Nabih Ibrahim
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective:

To investigate the effect of early versus late amniotomy after induction of labor (IOL) with vaginally administered misoprostol.

Methods:

This randomized clinical trial was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Menoufia University, from May 2019 to March 2020, and included 120 nulliparous women at term (≥ 37 weeks' gestation) undergoing IOL. Computer-generated randomization was used to randomize the participants into either the early amniotomy group (3 cm cervical dilatation; n = 60) or the late amniotomy group (7 cm cervical dilatation; n = 60). All participants received misoprostol (25 μg) vaginally to induce labor. The primary outcome was the induction-to-delivery interval, defined as the time from the initiation of IOL to the time of delivery.

Results:

Women in the early amniotomy group had a shorter duration of labor (12.60 ± 5.36 h) than those in the late amniotomy group (16.67 ± 7.26 h). The mean time from rupture of the fetal membrane to delivery was significantly shorter in the late (2.51 ± 0.36 h) than in the early amniotomy group (3.1 ± 0.89 h). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of maternal complications (fever, nausea, vomiting, and uterine hyperstimulation) or neonatal complications (meconium-stained liquor, APGAR score <7 at 1 and 5 min, and neonatal intensive care unit admission).

Conclusions:

IOL using vaginally administered misoprostol followed by early amniotomy was accompanied by a shorter duration of labor and decreased use of oxytocin. There was no significant difference between the early and late amniotomy groups in terms of the rate of cesarean section or maternal and neonatal complications.
The effect of body mass index on high versus low administered activity protocol myocardial perfusion imaging scan time and effective dose using a cadmium zinc telluride camera in clinical practice
Authors: Prasad Kalpna , Adams Chad C. , Quang Eiping , Taylor Justin , Stocker Derek J.
Published: August 2021

Cadmium Zinc Telluride (CZT) crystal-based myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) cameras have increased count sensitivity compared to Anger cameras and can be used to lower either the injected activity or the image acquisition time. Institutions adopting CZT cameras need to decide whether to lower the injected activity or imaging time or attempt to lower both with a compromise. The aim of our study was to compare the scan time required to obtain similar count images using high activity protocol (HAP) versus low activity protocol (LAP) stratified by body mass index (BMI) and assess the impact on effective dose and our clinic workflow. Using a CZT camera, a cohort of 100 consecutive clinical patients imaged with LAP rest-stress MPI with approximately 185 MBq and 555 MBq activity was retrospectively compared to a similar cohort of 100 consecutive clinical patients imaged with HAP rest-stress MPI using approximately 370 MBq and 1110 MBq. Administered activity and BMI both had a statistically significant effect on scan time and radiation effective dose. LAP scans took an average of 9 min longer than HAP scans overall, P < 0.0001 and larger BMIs took longer than smaller BMIs, P < 0.0001. In addition, scan times were longer in men than women, P = 0.007. Effective dose was inversely proportional to BMI with an overall decrease of approximately 50% comparing LAP to HAP. For the same CZT camera, the LAP increased scan time while lowering the radiation effective dose when compared to HAP. The increase in scan time increased proportionally to BMI. The effective dose was inversely proportional to BMI. This increase in time did not have a significant impact on our local workflow, but its implications should be considered in the setting of LAP implementation, especially in obese or high patient volume practices.
18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in the diagnosis of a rare mycotic aneurysm of the thoracic aorta in a patient with fever of unknown origin
Authors: Schmidt Matthew Q. , Altoos Rola , Kwak Jennifer J.
Published: August 2021

Fever of unknown origin (FUO) is a condition with high mortality that often presents a diagnostic challenge to clinicians. We present the case of a patient with FUO who was discovered to have a rare mycotic aneurysm of the thoracic aorta by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging. Mycotic aneurysm, also known as an infected aneurysm, is a highly lethal condition due to the risk of sepsis and aneurysmal rupture. While unusual to present in this manner, it is of utmost importance to promptly recognize a mycotic aneurysm as a potential diagnosis because initiation of treatment is critical in reversing the natural history of the disease.
Utility of positron emission tomography–computed tomography in the evaluation of fever of unknown origin in a resource-limited tropical nation
Authors: Das Sohini , Sathyendra Sowmya , Hephzibah Julie , Karuppusami Reka , Gunasekaran Karthik , Shanthly Nylla , Miraclin Angel , Iyadurai Ramya
Published: August 2021

Positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET-CT) has been used as an imaging modality in workup of fever of unknown origin (FUO). The aim of our study is to evaluate the diagnostic utility of PET-CT in FUO workup in a resource-limited setting. We also looked at laboratory parameters as predictors of contributory PET-CT scans and propose an algorithm for evaluation of FUO in resource-limited tropical regions. This retrospective observational study included patients admitted for FUO workup under general medicine in a teaching hospital in South India from June 2013 to May 2016. PET-CT was done when the patient remained undiagnosed after a detailed clinical assessment and first- and second-tier investigations. Among 43 patients included in our study, a definite diagnosis was established in 74% (32). Noninfectious inflammatory diseases, infections, malignancies, and miscellaneous diseases were diagnosed in 37.2% (16/43), 23.3% (10/43), 9.3% (4/43), and 4.7% (2/43), respectively. Tuberculosis was the single most common disease seen in 20.9% (9/43). PET-CT scans were contributory toward establishment of final diagnosis in 90.7% (39/43). High C-reactive protein (CRP) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were associated with contributory PET-CT scans (P = 0.006 and 0.011, respectively). PET-CT delineating organ/tissue for diagnostic biopsy was associated with final diagnosis of infectious disease (P = 0.001). Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive value of PET-CT scans were 76.9% (20/26), 33.3% (2/6), 83% (20/24), and 25% (2/8), respectively. High CRP and AST were predictors of contributory PET-CT scans. PET-CT scans have high sensitivity and positive predictive value when used in evaluation of FUO. Although it is a useful tool in FUO workup, especially in the diagnosis of tropical infections, PET-CT should be done after a comprehensive clinical assessment and basic investigations.
СЕТЕВАЯ ТЮРКОЛОГИЯ И ТЮРКИ КАВКАЗА
Authors: З.М. Калаханова
Published: August 2021

Тюркология  представляет  собой  комплекс  гуманитарных  дисциплин, которая изучает языки, историю, литературу, фольклор, культуру народов, говорящих на тюркских языках. В  истории  развития  тюркологии  отмечается  этап,  когда  превалировал евроцентристский  взгляд,  воспринимающий  тюркскую  культуру  как маргинальную, умалчивалось значение древних памятников письменности в истории человечества.
ენერგოეფექტურობის როლი მდგრადი განვითარების უზრუნველყოფაში
Authors: NOVOMLYNETS OLEH , VERBYTSKA ANNA , LYSENKO IRYNA
Published: August 2021

ოლეგ ნოვომლინეც
ტექნიკურ მეცნიერებათა დოქტორი
ჩერნიგოვის პოლიტექნიკა ეროვნული უნივერსიტეტის რექტორი, პროფესორი
ჩერნიგოვი, უკრაინა
E-mail: oleg.novomlynec@gmail.com
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0774-434X
 
ანნა ვერბიცკა
საჯარო ადმინისტრირების დოქტორი
ჩერნიგოვის პოლიტექნიკა ეროვნული უნივერსიტეტის ასოცირებული პროფესორი
ჩერნიგოვი, უკრაინა
E-mail: anna.verbytska@stu.cn.ua
http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7805-1412
 
ირინა ლისენკო
ეკონომიკის დოქტორი
ჩერნიგოვის პოლიტექნიკა ეროვნული უნივერსიტეტის ასოცირებული პროფესორი
ჩერნიგოვი, უკრაინა
E-mail: lysenko_iren@ukr.net
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9960-1599
 
მოკლე აღწერა
სტატიის მიზანია ეროვნული ეკონომიკის ენერგოეფექტურობის გაუმჯობესების საერთაშორისო გამოცდილების შესწავლა და შეჯამება, უკრაინაში მისი კონცეფციის განსახორციელებლად წინადადებების წარდგენის მიზნით.
ნაშრომის მიზანია განსაზღვროს რეგიონული ინოვაციური სისტემის ფორმირების მიმართულებები, რომელიც დაფუძნებული იქნება ენერგეტიკული კლასტერების შექმნაზე, როგორც რეგიონში პოლიტიკის განხორციელების საფუძველი ენერგოეფექტურობისა.
რეგიონულ ეკონომიკაში ენერგიის დაზოგვის ტექნოლოგიების ეფექტური დანერგვის ძირითადი წინაპირობები, რომლებიც დაფუძნებულია კლასტერის წევრების ინოვაციური საქმიანობის განვითარებაზე. შემოთავაზებული ზომები რეგიონში ენერგიის დაზოგვის სტრატეგიისა და ენერგოეფექტურობის განხორციელების უზრუნველსაყოფად თანამედროვე კასეტური ტექნოლოგიების გამოყენებით.
ნაშრომში ხაზგასმულია ენერგოეფექტურობის ტექნოლოგიების როლი მდგრადი განვითარების მისაღწევად. ნაშრომში განსაზღვრულია, რომ ენერგოეფექტური ტექნოლოგიების გამოყენება ეკონომიკური მდგრადობის წინაპირობაა. განხილულია ევროკავშირის საუკეთესო პრაქტიკა ენერგოეფექტურობის განხორციელებაში. მიჩნეულია, რომ ენერგოეფექტურობაში მოსალოდნელი შედეგების მიღწევა შესაძლებელია ეფექტური მდგრადი მართვის სისტემის შემუშავებით. ნაშრომში მოცემულია ენერგიის წყაროების მდგრადი გამოყენების ქმედებების გაძლიერება და ენერგიის დაზოგვის ტექნოლოგიების გამოყენების გააქტიურება მდგრადი განვითარების უზრუნველსაყოფად.
ენერგიის მოხმარების შემცირება შესაძლებელია იმ შემთხვევაში, თუ საზოგადოება ნაყოფიერად იმუშავებს შემდეგ ძირითად მიმართულებებში: ენერგიის დაზოგვის მსოფლმხედველობის ფორმირება ყველა დაინტერესებული მხარის მონაწილეობით; ადგილობრივი, რეგიონული და სახელმწიფო დონეზე ეკონომიკურ და ეკოლოგიურ განვითარებას შორის ზოგადი კავშირის ცოდნა; ეროვნულ და ადგილობრივ დონეზე სამთავრობო ორგანოების მოქნილი ენერგეტიკული და ეკონომიკური პოლიტიკა; ენერგიის დაზოგვის სფეროში საერთაშორისო თანამშრომლობის გაძლიერება.
საქართველოში მცირე და საშუალო ბიზნესის განვითარების პრობლემები და პერსპექტივები
Authors: VEKUA DAVID
Published: August 2021

დავით ვეკუა
ეკონომიკის მეცნიერებათა კანდიდატი
გურამ თავართქილაძის სახელობის თბილისის სასწავლო უნივერსიტეტი
თბილისი, საქართველო
E-mail: david.vekua@yahoo.com
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3933-7746
 
მოკლე აღწერა
ნებისმიერი ქვეყნის ეკონომიკის განვითარებასა და ეკონომიკურ ზრდაში ძალიან მნიშვნელოვანი ადგილი უკავია მცირე და საშუალო ბიზნესს. საქართველოსთვის მცირე და საშუალო ბიზნესი ეკონომიკის ერთ-ერთ მთავარ მამოძრავებელ ძალას წარმოადგენს, ამდენად, საქართველოს ევროინტეგრაციის გზაზე საკმაოდ მნიშვნელოვანია მცირე და საშუალო ბიზნესის განვითარების კუთხით კონკრეტული მოთხოვნების გათვალისწინება. მნიშვნელოვანია ის გარემოება, რომ როგორც განვითარებული, ასევე განვითარებადი მრავალი ქვეყნის პოლიტიკაში უმნიშვნელოვანეს ადგილს იკავებს მცირე და საშუალო საწარმოების მხარდაჭერა და წახალისება. საქართველოსთვის ამ სექტორის მხარდაჭერა განსაკუთრებით მნიშვნელოვანია ევროინტეგრაციის გზაზე, რადგან ის როგორც ეკონომიკური ზრდას უზრუნველყოფს, ისე სოციალური კეთილდღეობას. მცირე და საშუალო სამეწარმეო სექტორის ხელშეწყობა მნიშვნელოვნად შეამცირებს სიღარიბეს და გაზრდის დასაქმების დონეს.
გზა, ტრადიციული მარკეტინგიდან ციფრულ მარკეტინგამდე
Authors: TCHANTURIA NINO
Published: August 2021

ნინო ჭანტურია
კავკასიის საერთაშორისო უნივერსიტეტის დოქტორანტი
თბილისი, საქართველო.
E-mail: tchanturia.nino@ciu.edu.ge
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1894-5822
 
მოკლე აღწერა
The 21st century is considered to be the century of the consumer because the existence of companies today depends on the demand of the consumer. For any business to succeed, it is essential to keep abreast of market trends, and use all effective ways of delivering information. Always be where its potential customers are.
We therefore aim to explore the role of digital marketing in the modern world and show its role in the daily lives of consumers. Which factors will be decided by consumers to buy online and not the traditional method. The aim of the research is to determine the attitude of consumers towards digital marketing. 178 people participated in the study. Primary data obtained through both secondary and online questionnaires were processed. Research has shown that digital marketing can achieve more if it prioritizes consumer desires.
ON EFFECTIVE ACCELERATION OF CHARGED PARTICLES IN VACUUM
Authors: Buts V.A. , Zagorodny A.G.
Published: August 2021

The results of studying the dynamics of particles in the fields of large-amplitude transverse electromagnetic waves are presented. The main attention is paid to the description of the found conditions, under which the effective transfer of wave energy to charged particles in vacuum is possible.
CONSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCHES ON THE HELIUM IONS LINEAR ACCELERATOR
Authors: Butenko V.I. , Dubniuk S.N. , Dyachenko A.F. , Коbets А.P. , Manuilenko O.V. , Pavlii K.V. , Soshenkо V.A. , Tishkin S.S. , Zajtsev B.V.
Published: August 2021

The basic parameters of an irradiation and their registration system for constructional materials irradiated on the helium ions linear accelerator are resulted. Experimental techniques and some researches results of the microscopic, electrophysical, frictional and ultrasonic characteristics of atomic power stations (APS) and fusion reactors (FR) constructional materials irradiated on a linear accelerator of the helium ions with energies 0.12 and 4 MeV are presented.
DIFFRACTION RADIATION OF PARTICLE PASSING BY IMPEDANCE WEDGE
Authors: Ostroushko V.M.
Published: August 2021

The diffraction radiation field generated by the charged particle passing by the perfectly conductive or impedance wedge is considered. With perfect conductivity, the wedge rotation around the edge fixed along with the straight particle motion line, does not change the total radiated energy. When the motion to the edge is almost parallel to a face of wedge then an increase of impedance from zero increases the radiated energy.
COMPUTER CALCULATION OF PROBABILITY FOR BINARY COLLISIONS OF ELECTRONS WITH IONS AND MOLECULES
Authors: Marchuk Yu.M. , Kulyk Yu.S. , Moiseenko V.Е.
Published: August 2021

Computer calculation of rate coefficient for binary collision i <σix> as a function of temperature is presented, and the Maxwell electron velocity distribution function is chosen. The finite elements of the fifth order made it possible to significantly speed up the process of calculation i <σix>. The result of the approximation is a smooth function and the values of this function, its first and second derivatives, have no jumps at the mesh nodes and the accuracy of calculation is within the limits of statistical errors for the source data. These advantages and the results will be used in future tasks.
ESTIMATION OF THE ROLE OF RADIATION IN THE PLASMA OF ELECTRIC ARC DISCHARGE BETWEEN Cu-C COMPOSITES
Authors: Veklich A. , Fesenko S. , Murmantsev A. , Boretskij V.
Published: August 2021

This work is devoted to investigation of the radiation in the plasma of electric arc discharge between Cu-C composite electrodes and estimation of its contribution during the determination of electron density from the energy balance equation (Elenbaas-Heller). The contribution of radiation energy in heat transfer is estimated as well. The calculation is carried out based on the preliminary experimentally obtained radial distribution of plasma temperature. For the correct solution of the energy balance equation, a Gaussian approximation of the plasma temperature profile is used. Estimation of the total current was used as a criterion for the need to take into account the radiation in the diagnostics of electric arc plasma.
THERMAL RADIATION IN SPARK DISCHARGE
Authors: Korytchenko K. , Poklonskiy E. , Samoilenko D. , Vinnikov D. , Meleshchenko R. , Ostapov K.
Published: August 2021

The work is devoted to numerical study on thermal radiation in spark discharge. The influence of radiative thermal conductivity on the expansion of the spark channel has been established. The study of the effect of value of the capacitance of the discharge capacitor on the energy emitted by the discharge has been carried out. The change in the thermodynamic state of the gas in the spark channel is considered taking into account following factors: change in the capacitance of the discharge capacitor, the length of the discharge gap and the initial gas pressure. The influence of the initial gas pressure and the gap length on the parameters of thermal radiation of a gas under conditions of a constant breakdown voltage supplied to the spark gap is investigated.
STUDYING THE INFLUENCE OF PLASMA-CHEMICAL AND OZONE TREATMENT ON ARTIFICIALLY IMPLEMENTED MICROFLORA IN MODEL AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS
Authors: Taran G.V. , Kudin D.V. , Zamuriev O.O. , Opalev P.О. , Yaroshenko М.О. , Korneikov О.М. , Arefiev V.L. , Kalashnik M.V.
Published: August 2021

The pilot studies have been conducted to determine the biocidal effects of ozone and plasma chemical treatment for 1, 2, and 3 h on the strain “Moldavian” of infectious rhinotracheitis virus, reference strain of Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, atypical mycobacteria of the species Mycobacusleum phlei and archival strain of Aspergillus flavus artificially introduced into aqueous solution. It is shown that both treatments of aqueous solution contaminated with infectious rhinotracheitis virus have virucidal properties at the level of 95…100%. It was found that bactericidal (bacteriostatic) effect of ozone treatment for Escherichia coli fluid was 100% for all the time parameters. For plasma chemical treatment, the bacteriostatic effect (23%) was shown after the treatment within 3 h. The bactericidal (bacteriostatic) effect of ozone treatment for water samples contaminated with mycobacteria of the species M. phlei was only 65% at the treatment for 3 h. There was no bacteriostatic effect for plasma chemical treatment at any exposure. When studying the fungicidal (fungistatic) properties of ozone treatment for aqueous solution contaminated with a test culture of Aspergillus flavus, fungicidal properties were established (growth retardation by 95…98%). No fungicidal or fungistatic properties were shown for plasma chemical treatment.
FEATURES OF PLASMA CHEMICAL ETCHING OF LITHIUM TANTALATE SUBSTRATE (LiTaO3)
Authors: Fedorovich O.A. , Hladkovska O.V. , Hladkovskyi V.V. , Nedybaliuk A.F.
Published: August 2021

The results of researches of plasma chemical treatment of lithium monocrystalline tantalate (LiTaO3) from gas type, bias voltage (energy of chemically active ions) and from current of additional bias generator are given. A closed-loop electron drift plasma chemical reactor and gas mixtures containing Ar, Ar + ClС4, and Ar + SF6 were used for the experiments. It was found that the etching rate of LiTaO3 for the discharge in the gas mixture Ar + CCl4 is 14 times higher than all other mixtures that were used. It is shown that the proposed idea and approaches of LiTaO3 processing can be effectively applied for the production of optical systems with a minimum core thickness of about 2…3 μm.
INFLUENCE OF PLASMA CHEMICAL REACTIONS PRODUCTS IN BARRIERLESS GAS DISCHARGE IN THE AIR ON VEGETABLES AND FRUITS STORAGE
Authors: Yegorov M.O. , Taran G.V. , Kudin D.V. , Zamuriev O.O. , Opalev P.O.
Published: August 2021

The influence of the products of plasma chemical reactions (including ozone) on the storage of vegetables and fruits has been investigated. It has been shown that the products of plasma chemical reactions effectively suppress the growth of mold. For a number of vegetables and fruits, surface modification occurs, which leads to the loss of the "marketable" appearance. At the same time, the ripening rate of many products decreases.
DETERMINATION OF THE OPTIMAL OZONATION MODE FOR WINTER GARLIC PLANTING MATERIAL
Authors: Pugach S.G. , Zavada L.M. , Zamuriev O.O. , Kudin D.V. , Opalev P.O. , Melnyk A.V. , Scherbina S.A. , Semenchenko O.L.
Published: August 2021

The study was carried out at the Institute of Vegetable and Melon Farming of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine and the Department of Low-Temperature Non-equilibrium Plasma Chemistry of the NSC "Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology" of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine using the varieties of winter garlic, such as Duchess and Merefyanskiy white. Pre-plant treatment with four-time repeatability was carried out 3-5 days before planting using an OzW Stream Ozone TM ozone generator. Laboratory studies of fungal diseases Fusarium and Penicillium progress on the treated material were carried out with four-time repeatability in wet chambers. The effect of ozone concentration of 10, 50, and 100 PPM and exposure time of 10, 60, and 180 min on infestation of garlic with black and green mold was studied.
Operational Strategies of Online Food Delivery Businesses in Camarines Norte, Philippines
Authors:   Mabini Colleges, Inc., Abasolo, MBA Harold D.
Published: August 2021

This research determined the operational strategies of online food delivery businesses in Camarines Norte, Philippines. It assessed the profile of the online food delivery businesses in terms of number of riders, initial capitalization, form of business organization, commonly used digital platform and average weekly deliveries; the operational strategies being implemented and the problems encountered on the aspects of resources and processes. Findings revealed that majority of online food delivery businesses have 11 to 15 riders, under sole proprietorship, uses social media platform, with 201 and above weekly deliveries. The operational strategies of online food delivery businesses include: monitoring of riders’ performances, use of cellular phones, desktop, tablet and laptop for monitoring customer needs; optimizing marketing budget through utilization of low-cost marketing campaigns and promotions; promotion using various social media platforms; and updating customers with their transactions from time-to-time via chat or Short Message Service (SMS). The problems encountered by online food delivery businesses are shortage of available riders during peak hours and threat of new entrants. The study recommended for food delivery business owners to revisit the human resource plans and create operations manual to provide clear guidelines and processes in implementing their operational strategies which are significant to their daily operations.
Conference Proceedings of the 2020-2021 John B. Graham Student Research Symposium
Authors: John B Graham Student Research Society
Published: August 2021

Established in 1987, the John B. Graham Medical Student Research Society recognizes and promotes the research efforts of the medical student body at the University of North Carolina School of Medicine in basic science, public health, and clinical sciences. Throughout the year, members exchange ideas and share their experiences about conducting research. In addition, the Society serves to encourage collaboration with faculty to promote productive research opportunities for students. The following conference proceedings represent abstracts accepted for presentation at the 2020-2021 Student Research Day.
Threat of a Measles outbreak amidst COVID 19 surge in Sindh, Pakistan- Letter to the editor
Authors: Zainab Ahmad  , Hira Zahid
Published: August 2021

The manuscript comments on the rise of suspected measles cases amidst the COVID 19 pandemic in Sindh, Pakistan. It emphasizes the shortcomings and urges prompt action to prevent an epidemic in the region as an immediate consequence of COVID 19. A potential measles outbreak would result in a major setback to our health care system.
Continuous...
Measurement of spatial equity : a case study of nursing institution
Authors:   Tongji University, Sui Xin ,   China, Yu Yifan ,   Tongji University; China, Huhui Liu ,   Tongji University; China
Published: August 2021

Equity and justice have always been important norms in the field of urban planning. With the gradual deepening of understanding of residential environment, the research context of equity and justice related to location is becoming more and more sophisticated. Recently, varieties of subjects Including Public Health and Geography focus on the inequity of public resources in spatial distribution and how to measure the degree of this gap. In general, the mainstream measurement methods can be summarized into two categories: (1) The description of phenomenon caused by the spatial inequities, and accessibility is a typical method of this type. (2) the direct quantification of inequity, such as Gink Coefficient which is originated from the economics field and introduced into the measurement of health equity, and Getis-Ord General G, together with Moran’ index is the most commonly method used into the general spatial autocorrelation. In this paper, based on the overall literature review of the concept of equity in the study using these methods and a summary of their specific context of the measurement using, nursing institution in Shanghai, China are regarded as a typical case to practice these methods and compare the differences in using. Meantime, the impact of the politics and planning related to this special facility is also been considered. Results show that, accessibility of nursing institution among elderly groups is much different under different research distance, and the overall trend seems like the research units in suburb appears higher accessibility than those in highly urbanized area. And Gink Coefficient helps us determine the proportion of the elderly population in different reachable areas in Shanghai is within a reasonable range. However, Global Moran’ index provide reliable evidence that the existence of the aggregation combined by the high-value units. It indicates that there are inequities among the distribution of aged-nursing resources, and Local Moran I （LISA）help us to find the specific boundaries of these areas. In general, in the study of the equity related to location, accessibility can only reflect the differences phenomenon in distribution, but it is not clear to describe this gap to what extent, and it’s difficult to achieve the possibility of comparison among different periods and different subjects. The Gini coefficient often focuses on the unfairness of the distribution of people, but ignored the aggregation characteristics of the spatial dimension, which the analysis of spatial autocorrelation can make up. All these methods proved that it’s necessary to consider both the spatial distribution of supply and demand. And the discussion about equity related to location should be strictly qualified in study.
System approach: climate change, glacier melt and development planning of the himalayan region
Authors:   Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, India, Ramya Sakkeri , Devadas V. ,   Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, India
Published: August 2021

Experience over the last decade has demonstrated a gradual rise in global temperatures, which coupled with the unpredictable precipitation patterns (rainfall & Snow/ glacier melt are considered as important hydrologic process in the Himalayan basins), are expected to seriously affect the melt characteristics and further increase pressure on available water resources (both quantity and quality). The situation is being exacerbated intensified by the increasing water demands from agriculture, industry and rising population. However, current investigations reveal that there is a lack of a general framework for assessment. The major responsibility of the planning community is to adopt rational planning approach addressing the complexity of the system, yet it is appearing that the models used at various stages are not well developed to keep the same pace. This demands the acknowledgment and a better understanding of the dynamic inter-linkage and interdependence of the complex systems and sub-systems (namely physical, social, economic, ecology, environment, infrastructure, and institutional subsystems) using system dynamics technique. The aim of this paper is to develop a methodology for assessing the climate change and its impact on a region by demonstrating the inadequacy of sectoral and silobased planning approaches to address the complex sustainable development challenges whose interdependencies and inter-linkages transcend individual sectors and administrative borders. Further, this paper attempts to present the review of research done on the use of an integrated approach by using system dynamics technique in the context of evolving development plans. It concludes with extending the knowledge to support climate change adaptation and mitigation decisions to achieve sustainable development at the regional scale.