bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Educação Ambiental e Percepção Acerca do Fogo e seus Impactos no Cerrado: Uma Pesquisa Qualitativa
Authors: Boaventura Kárita Jesus , Porfírio Junior Eder Dasdoriano , Vaz Wesley Fonseca , Silva Neto Carlos de Melo e , Dutra e Silva Sandro
Published: December 2020

O fogo é um dos elementos que constitui o Cerrado, no entanto, a falta de conhecimento e cuidado no seu uso e manejo tem causado danos sem precedentes, e as consequências podem ser vistas tanto na fauna quanto na flora. Tendo o apontado como base, objetiva-se analisar a percepção da importância e uso do fogo no Cerrado na cidade de Goiás por alunos do curso de Geografia, em diferentes períodos, da Universidade Estadual de Goiás, no Campus Cora Coralina, que se localiza na cidade mencionada. Outro ponto relevante é perceber a atividade de Educação Ambiental dentro de uma nova política de gestão universitária na Universidade Estadual de Goiás e a relação desta atividade com a valorização do meio ambiente e da cultura regional. Essa é uma pesquisa qualitativa onde a metodologia adotada foi a aplicação de uma palestra interativa e três questionários com perguntas fechadas e abertas, para a análise dos dados coletados realizou-se a Análise do Discurso. Foi observado que a percepção do uso e manejo do fogo pelos sujeitos pesquisados é norteada pelo seu contexto histórico-social, sendo que quando o fogo também significa mais trabalho ou dinheiro, mesmo tendo consciência dos danos que pode causar, ele é aceito. E, por fim, também foi percebido que a educação ambiental tem um alcance grande dentro da academia, no entanto, algumas vezes, mesmo lá o interesse econômico tem voz altiva.
Análise da Comunicação Governamental do Ministério da Felicidade do Dubai e Emirados Árabes Unidos no Ano 2017: Análise de Conteúdo com apoio com software WebQDA aos dados recolhidos no Corpus Latente
Authors: Ribeiro Diamantino José Teixeira , Costa António Pedro , Remondes Jorge
Published: December 2020

A iniciativa inovadora do Governo do Dubai e dos Emirados Árabes Unidos de criar um Ministério da Felicidade vai de encontro das crescentes preocupações de alguns governantes e policy makers no sentido de orientar as suas estratégias e políticas para o bem-estar e felicidade dos cidadãos. O objetivo dos governos do Dubai e dos Emirados Árabes Unidos foi, entre outros, de implementar um Plano Nacional de Felicidade e Positividade. Paralelamente, os governantes pretenderam criar políticas de desenvolvimento sustentável (social e ambiental) de modo a que o bem-estar e a felicidade se apliquem às gerações atuais e futuras. Este estudo faz parte de um estudo alargado sobre o Ministério da Felicidade e sobre a comunicação governamental do mesmo. Neste trabalho, procede-se à análise de notícias publicadas no corpus latente no ano de 2017. O objetivo do trabalho é conhecer os projetos criados, compreender as estratégias de comunicação, quais as ferramentas utilizadas pelo Ministério da Felicidade para dar a conhecer as suas políticas e de que forma consegue transformar um conceito subjetivo em medidas reais. Em termos globais, pretende-se que o trabalho ajude a compreender qual o modelo de comunicação do Ministério da Felicidade e se esse modelo pode ser replicado com sucesso noutros países. Com base nos estudos realizados e na análise de conteúdo das notícias publicadas no período indicado, foi possível extrair como principal conclusão que além do papel informativo, a comunicação do Ministério da Felicidade tem um papel importante na construção de uma imagem positiva do governo.
A NEW SPECIES OF THE FAMILY ALYCIDAE (ACARI, ENDEOSTIGMATA) FROM SOUTHERN SIBERIA, RUSSIA
Authors: Matti Uusitalo
Published: December 2020

A new species is described from southern Siberia, Tuva Republic, Russia: Amphialycus (Amphialycus) holarcticus sp. n. (Acari, Endeostigmata, Alycidae). This species can be recognized by its broad naso with longitudinally arranged striae; two pairs of cheliceral setae, posterior one being forked; three pairs of adoral setae; and a large number of genital setae. Two pairs of palpal eupathidia are close to each other, representing a kind of transitional form towards the fusion of the basal parts of eupathidia, observed in the subgenus Orthacarus.
FIRST RECORD OF THE ORIBATID MITE GENUS EPIDAMAEUS (ACARI, ORIBATIDA, DAMAEIDAE) FROM TAIWAN
Authors: Ermilov Sergey G. , Liao Jhih-Rong , Gubin Alexey A.
Published: December 2020

This article presents the first record of the oribatid mite genus Epidamaeus (Oribatida, Damaeidae) in Taiwan. A new species, Epidamaeus saviah Ermilov sp. n., is described based on the material recovered from the soil and lichens collected in Yushan National Park (Taiwan). The newly discovered species differs from Epidamaeus barbatulus (Choi, 2004) in the length and the morphology of parastigmatic apophyses and notogastral setae, as well as in the absence of ventrosejugal tubercles.
REDESCRIPTION OF HYPOASPISELLA PINI (HIRSCHMANN, BERNHARD, GREIM AND GÖTZ) COMB. N. (ACARI: MESOSTIGMATA: LAELAPIDAE) WITH A KEY TO WORLD SPECIES OF HYPOASPISELLA WITH SETAE ST1 OFF STERNAL SHIELD
Authors: Joharchi Omid , Cilbircioğlu Cihan , Döker İsmail , Khaustov Vladimir A.
Published: December 2020

Hypoaspisella pini comb. n. is redescribed based on adult females collected from a rotten stump of Siberian spruce (Picea obovata Ledeb.) in Western Siberia (Russia) and from the galleries of Ips acuminatus (Gyllenhal) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in Turkey. Hypoaspisella pini fits well with the current concept of the genus Hypoaspisella Bernhard. The chelicerae of this species are similar to those of free-living forms, which suggests it may be a predator of small invertebrates, inhabiting bark beetle galleries and decomposing organic matter. Moreover, we provide a world key to the species of Hypoaspisella with setae st1 off sternal shield.
A NEW RECORD AND A REDESCRIPTION OF TYPHLODROMIPS MONTANUS (WAINSTEIN, 1962) COMB. N. (ACARI: PHYTOSEIIDAE) FROM THE ALTAI REPUBLIC, RUSSIA
Authors: Khaustov Vladimir A. , Döker İsmail , Joharchi Omid , Khaustov Alexander A.
Published: December 2020

Typhlodromips montanus (Wainstein) comb. n. (Acari: Phytoseiidae) is reported for the first time from Russia. It is redescribed and illustrated based on female and male specimens collected from the Altai Republic, Russia. This species was previously placed in the genus Neoseiulus Hughes. However, it fits well with the current concept of the genus Typhlodromips De Leon, due to the combination of: the presence of macrosetae on GeII, GeIII and TiIII, and fixed digit of chelicera with more than six teeth.
Surgical treatment of an aortic root abscess in a patient with HIV / AIDS
Authors: Stefanov S. , Gasymova S. , Smolianinov K. , Rakhmatulina L.
Published: December 2020

The successful surgical treatment of infectious endocarditis with abscess of the aortic root in a patient with HIV infection and immunodeficiency is presented in this clinical case study. The paper discusses the tactical aspects of the technique of surgical intervention and management features associated with the presence of HIV infection. In patients with HIV-related immunosuppression, similar to other patients with infectious aortic valve endocarditis with aortic root destruction, the method of choice is an early surgical treatment with radical debridement and subsequent reconstruction of the aortic root. The type of reconstruction depends on the degree of destruction. Choice of valves does not significantly impact survival, freedom from recurrence of endocarditis or reoperation due to reinfection. Preventive implantation of epicardial electrodes with a formed or complete atrioventricular block is not advisable due to the high risk of secondary infection of the endocardial electrodes and persistence of sepsis.Received 30 April 2020. Revised 13 July 2020. Accepted 28 July 2020.Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflicts of interest.Funding: The study did not have sponsorship.
Evolution of carotid endarterectomy: A literature review
Authors: Kazantsev A. , Khubulava G. , Kravchuk V. , Erofeev A. , Chernykh K.
Published: December 2020

This review investigates the various methods used for carotid endarterectomy (CEE). These methods are presented, and allow us to analyse effective revascularisation with extended damage to the internal carotid artery. The data of studies comparing the results of eversion and classical carotid endarterectomy with plasty of the reconstruction zone with a patch made of diepoxy-treated pericardium are presented. Special attention is paid to emergency carotid endarterectomy and carotid endarterectomy in the acute period of ischemic stroke. The important and main aspects of the glomus-saving species of CEE are also demonstrated. The main complications behind operations, and causes of restenosis in long-term follow-up periods are also duly noted. Similarly, suggestions to eliminate these issues are also proposed. This review comprehensively covers the state of the art of carotid endarterectomy and dissects current techniques and methods in the area.Received 16 July 2020. Revised 24 August 2020. Accepted 25 August 2020.Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflicts of interest.Funding: The study did not have sponsorship.Author contributionsConception and study design: G.G. KhubulavaDrafting the article: A.N. KazantsevCritical revision of the article: A.A. Erofeev, V.N. Kravchuk, K.P. ChernykhFinal approval of the version to be published: G.G. Khubulava, A.N. Kazantsev, A.A. Erofeev, V.N. Kravchuk, K.P. Chernykh
Bovine monocusp in surgery for tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Svobodov A. , Levchenko E. , Netalieva G. , Kostava V. , Zelivyanskaya M. , Rasumovsky V.
Published: December 2020

Aim. To evaluate the functionality of a bovine monocusp in surgery for tetralogy of Fallot.Methods. We analyzed the results of surgical treatment in the early postoperative period in eight infants and one year after surgery in seven infants (age range, 0–12 months; mean weight = 7.5 ± 2.3 kg). We used echocardiography to evaluate the residual pressure gradient between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery, the degree of regurgitation on the pulmonary valve after surgery and to calculate Z-score and the fibrous ring diameter of the pulmonary valve in the late follow-up period. The degree of insufficiency was assessed by the width and depth of the regurgitation flow using the color Doppler mode.Results. The pressure gradient on the eve of discharge did not exceed 25 mmHg for any patient. Pulmonary valve regurgitation was mild in four patients and moderate in the remaining patients. Seven children passed the observation one year after surgery. In one case, we discovered a right ventricle outflow tract obstruction. In other cases, the systolic pressure gradient did not exceed 25 mmHg. Four patients in the late follow-up period had severe valve regurgitation. Despite such valve insufficiency, the leaflet mobility in the bovine jugular vein patch was normal.Conclusion. Early postoperative results for reconstructive surgery to repair tetralogy of Fallot with a bovine monocusp were promising. However, long-term results are comparable with those using other materials. The mobility of the native leaflet remains full even a year after surgery. Consequently, we have positive prospects in material improvement for making patches with native monocusps.
Received 14 May 2020. Revised 8 June 2020. Accepted 10 June 2020.
Funding: The study did not have sponsorship.
Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.
Author contributionsConception and study design: A.A. Svobodov, E.G. Levchenko, V.T. KostavaData collection and analysis: G.S. Netalieva, M.V. ZelivyanskayaStatistical analysis: E.G. Levchenko, M.V. ZelivyanskayaDrafting the article: A.A. Svobodov, V.S. RasumovskyCritical revision of the article: V.S. RasumovskyFinal approval of the version to be published: A.A. Svobodov, E.G. Levchenko, G.S. Netalieva, V.T. Kostava, M.V. Zelivyanskaya, V.S. Rasumovsky
Bilateral internal mammary grafting: Are the advantages obvious?
Authors: Semchenko A. , Zaicev I. , Schevchenko A. , Semchenko A.
Published: December 2020

Background. The use of one internal thoracic artery has long been considered a gold standard for coronary artery bypass grafting. However, despite the benefits, the frequency of using both internal mammary arteries remains low. The relationship between improving coronary artery bypass grafting results and the risk of complications after surgery using two internal thoracic arteries are yet to be resolved.Aim. We compared immediate and mid-term outcomes of coronary artery bypass grafting using one and two mammary arteries.Methods. Two hundred and thirty-one (231) patients with coronary artery disease, after microscope-assisted coronary artery bypass surgery, were categorised into two groups: group I — patients had received one internal mammary artery during surgery (n = 177), and group II — patients had received two internal mammary arteries during surgery (n = 54). Propensity-score matching was applied to reduce differences between groups, therefore two groups of 50 patients were obtained after matching.Results. Operations with bilateral internal mammary grafting in comparison to single internal mammary grafting were associated with longer operating times (group I: 167.5 [150-190] min., group II: 205 [190–220] min., p < 0.001) and increased aortic cross-clamp times (group I: 37.5 [32–45] min., group II: 44 [39–48] min., p = 0.012), but cardiopulmonary bypass duration was similar (group I: 65.5 [56–78] min. and group II: 69 [58–78] min., p = 0.95). No differences were observed for adverse event frequencies (i.e. death, myocardial infarction, acute cerebrovascular accidents and repeated revascularisation) and sternal wound complications in the early- and long-term post-operation. The grafts patency in groups I and II before discharge was 98.0 vs. 92.5 % (p = 0.195) and 94.6 vs. 92.5 % (p = 0.582) for mammary and venous grafts, respectively. At follow-up time (29.5 ± 18.7 months), group I was associated with significantly improved actuarial overall survival (p = 0.021) and were composite survival free from cardiac-related mortality, myocardial infarction, repeat revascularisation and stroke (p = 0.008). Complete revascularisation was associated with a reduced risk of major cardiac events (OR, 0.41; 95% CI: 0.20–0.85).Conclusion. Bilateral internal mammary artery coronary artery bypass grafting in comparison with single internal mammary grafting was associated with increased operation times, similar grafts patency, early and late outcomes, but no overall improved survival and composite freedom from major adverse cardiac events in the mid-term. Complete revascularisation may be considered an independent prognostic factor after coronary bypass surgery and may be more clinically relevant than both internal thoracic arteries.
Received 29 April 2020. Revised 8 September 2020. Accepted 9 September 2020.
Funding: The study did not have sponsorship.
Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.
Arterial revascularisation using in situ or Y-composite conduits of internal thoracic arteries: Early results
Authors: Sabetov A. , Sirota D. , Khvan D. , Zhulkov M. , Chernyavskiy A.
Published: December 2020

Aim. This study aimed to research the early results of arterial revascularisation using in situ or Y-composite conduits of internal thoracic arteries.Methods. The study included 76 patients with coronary heart disease who underwent coronary artery bypass surgery between March 2018 and March 2020. Two groups of patients were selected. In the first group, autoarterial conduits from the internal thoracic arteries were used according to the in situ technique (n = 39). In the second group, autoarterial conduits were used with the formation of a Y-composite structure from the internal thoracic arteries (n = 37).Results. The general characteristics and frequency of postoperative complications for most events were comparable in both groups. The usage of on-pump coronary artery bypass graft was significantly more frequent in the in situ group than in the Y-composite group (28.2 and 3.0 %, respectively; p < 0.003). The duration of inotropic support was significantly shorter in the in situ group and was 3.72 ± 8.60 hours versus 8.0 ± 9.6 hours in the Y-composite group (p < 0.007). No significant difference was found between the main adverse cardiac and cerebral events throughout the hospital follow-up period.Conclusion. The low incidence of perioperative complications, the absence of perioperative myocardial infarction and the low hospital mortality indicate that bilateral mammary coronary bypass surgery is safe. Despite the absence of differences in the early postoperative period, we expect that in the long-term period there will be a statistically significant difference in major adverse cardiac events between Y-composite structures and in situ conduits from internal thoracic arteries.
Received 23 June 2020. Revised 14 September 2020. Accepted 1 October 2020.
Funding: The study did not have sponsorship.
Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.
Author contributionsConception and study design: A.K. SabetovData collection and analysis: A.K. Sabetov, M.O. ZhulkovStatistical analysis: D.S. Khvan, A.K. SabetovDrafting the article: A.K. SabetovCritical revision of the article: D.A. Sirota, D.S. Khvan, A.M. ChernyavskiyFinal approval of the version to be published: A.K. Sabetov, D.A. Sirota, D.S. Khvan, M.O. Zhulkov, A.M. Chernyavskiy
Crítica à realidade em Terra sonâmbula e Chuva braba: cultura, lirismo e memórias
Authors: Mapera Martins
Published: December 2020

Os romances de Manuel Lopes e Mia Couto foram escritos em momentos históricos e políticos diferentes. Enquanto Chuva braba foi publicado em 1956, antes das guerras de libertação das antigas colónias portuguesas, Terra sonâmbula veio à estampa em 1992, depois da independência de Moçambique. No primeiro caso, os problemas da seca que assolaram Cabo Verde e a consequente pobreza extrema, que levou ao êxodo massivo dos cabo-verdianos para a Europa e a América e, no segundo, a guerra dos 16 anos, que devastou Moçambique e provocou deslocação das pessoas para regiões seguras e para os países vizinhos, fazem com que as duas obras partilhem traços de instabilidade, insegurança e desassossego das personagens, permitindo a liricização das vivências em contextos da guerra e da miséria que concorrem para o aluimento do ser humano. Deste modo, os dois romances configuram espaços férteis para uma análise comparística dos eventos romanescos, intuindo que a cultura, Literatura, Sociologia e Filosofia (re)criam formas críticas sobre a construção de estados e nações, os quais se caracterizam por compreensão da realidade a partir de história e memórias.
Recensão do livro A invenção do assimilado. Paradoxos do colonialismo em Moçambique
Authors: Sousa Vítor de
Published: December 2020

Passado quase meio século desde que os territórios que foram colónias portuguesas se assumiram como países livres, a temática do colonialismo e os seus paradoxos ainda vai pontuando a sua dinâmica. O que também acontece, há que sublinhá-lo, por parte dos países ex-colonizadores, como é o caso de Portugal. E nem poderia ser de outra forma, como explica Roberto Vecchi (2018), quando afirma que o passado colonial pode revelar-se problemático, não podendo ser considerado como um assunto ultrapassado. É que a força das ideologias e das suas reutilizações poderá alterar profundamente, ou até inverter, os modos da sua evocação. No caso de Moçambique, cuja independência foi fixada em 25 de junho de 1975, “o paradoxo colonial continua interpelando-nos sob as mais variadas roupagens e gramáticas” (p. 14), como assinala Lorenzo Macagno logo no início do livro A invenção do assimilado. Paradoxos do colonialismo em Moçambique, que pretende responder à pergunta: “em que campo de batalhas reais ou imaginárias, reside a sua teimosia actualidade e resiliência?” (p. 14)...
Descolonizar o museu: exposição e mediação dos espólios africanos em museus europeus
Authors: Roque Maria Isabel
Published: December 2020

Os primeiros museus surgiram na Europa, no contexto dos impérios coloniais e do pensamento hegemónico, assente nas teorias evolucionistas da época, tornando-se um instrumento ao serviço do poder dominante. O fim do colonialismo provocou uma rutura no modelo dos museus evolucionistas, trazendo para debate novas formas de interpretação, exposição e comunicação dos espólios provenientes de culturas não europeias. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o fenómeno de descolonização do museu, partindo de uma análise diacrónica para abordar as questões relacionadas com a restituição dos objetos aos grupos culturais de origem e com a reformulação dos discursos museológicos, nomeadamente, através de projetos de curadoria partilhada. A investigação realizada é qualitativa, descritiva e conceptual, fundamentando-se na pesquisa bibliográfica e na análise crítica dos dados recolhidos, cujos resultados se estruturam em quatro pontos: os discursos colonialistas dos primeiros museus; debates pós-colonialistas; descolonização e restituição dos objetos aos grupos de origem; agentes e fatores da descolonização do museu na contemporaneidade. Como hipótese de investigação, sugere-se que a descolonização do museu é um processo em evolução e que se desenvolve através da recuperação do sentido original dos objetos e da representação das comunidades de origem, assegurando-lhes a integração das suas narrativas e a participação ativa e paritária nas práticas museológicas.
Feed and Fodder Availability and Utilization Pattern in Urban-Peri-Urban Dairy Farms in and Around Navsari City of South Gujarat
Authors: Sorathiya LM , Rathva AL , Gadhvi DN , Patel NB
Published: December 2020

This investigation was carried out to study the fodder resource management practices followed by selected 40 commercial dairy farmers in and around Navsari city of South Gujarat. The required information was collected through personal interview. Data analyzed revealed that buffalo consisted more than two third of total strength. Population of younger animals like calves and heifers were 33 and 9 % of total herd strength, respectively. The annual green and dry fodder availability calendar showed that 95 % farmers used sugarcane top during November to March. During April to July 100 % respondents fed whole sugarcane, whereas during August to October 34, 15 and 4 farms were using green grass, green sorghum and green maize, respectively. Among dry fodder, paddy straw was popular and used by 37 farms, whereas 10 farms were using sorghum straw. The quantity of fodder used by each farm revealed that sugarcane tops fulfilled average 39.27 % of ration requirement in 38 farms. Similarly, green sugarcane fulfilled average 23 % of ration requirement in all 40 farms. Green cut and carry grass fulfilled 13.15 % of ration in 34 farms. As far as dry fodder was concerned, paddy straw and sorghum straw were used to fulfill 41.49 and 31.70 % of their ration requirement in farms, where it was used. Among concentrates cotton seed cake, wheat bran and compound concentrate (Sumul Dan) were used by 38, 20 and 16 farms, respectively. They were using cotton seed cake at proportion of 33% in their ration. Analysis of demand and supply of feed and fodder resources revealed that all farms studied together required annually 10124, 2248 and 2248 tons of green fodder, dry fodder and concentrate as per thumb rule feeding of dry matter at 3 % of body weight. However, all feed resources were in shortfall by 21-51 %. Annual shortage of dry fodder was the highest, i.e., 51.33 % and shortage of concentrate was the lowest (14.64 %).
A Novel DNA Vaccine Coding For H5 and N1 Genes of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 Subtype
Authors: Soliman Y. A. , Eman MS Elnagar , Maha AN Gamal , Zaki FF , Saad MA , Soliman YA
Published: December 2020

Control of avian influenza infection requires a good vaccine that could induce both humoral and cell-mediated immune response, specifically IFN-ɣ production, to maintain a high level of protection along with the minimal level of viral shedding after the infection to prevent secondary epidemics. In the current study, deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) vaccine coding for full-length H5 and N1 genes have been produced and evaluated in SPF-chicken. Humoral immune response estimated by haemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay revealed that the DNA vaccine gave a high titer of antibodies at the day 28-post vaccination and 14 days post-challenge. However, the shedding level was minimal with the DNA vaccine (0.1 Log 10 EID50). The IFN-ɣ transcript was upregulated at a higher level in the DNA vaccinated group. The results revealed that the DNA vaccine could induce a high level of humoral and IFN-ɣ level that maintains a high level of protection (92%) with the advantage of limiting the shedding level and thus, prevent secondary epidemics.
Palmitoylethanolamide for Neurological Disorders
Authors:   Orthopaedic Surgery Department, Hospital de Sant Rafael (Barcelona), Pg. Vall d'Hebron 107-117, 08035 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, Faig-Martí Jordi
Published: December 2020

Neurological tissue along with the cartilage remains one of the tissues that escapes human efforts of regeneration after injury. The human body, after an injury, can repair its tissues only to a certain extent that can help in recovering the function of organs. However, this is not the case in some organs, such as the brain and spinal cord. For a long time, basic medical science has been investigating the regeneration process that helps the human body, which is mainly through the pharmacological agents, proteins/other molecules acting as cellular transmitters or by the scaffolding of tissues that allows the cells to grow in them and also by other techniques such as electrical currents or electromagnetic waves.
Association Between State Indoor Tanning Legislation and Google Search Trends Data in the United States From 2006 to 2019: Time-Series Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Heckman Carolyn , Lin Yong , Riley Mary , Wang Yaqun , Stapleton Jerod , Mitarotondo Anna , Xu Baichen , Stapleton Jerod
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND

Exposure to ultraviolet radiation from the sun or indoor tanning is the cause of most skin cancers. Although indoor tanning has decreased in recent years, it remains most common among adolescents and young adults, whose skin is particularly vulnerable to long-term damage. US states have adopted several types of legislation to attempt to minimize indoor tanning among minors: a ban on indoor tanning among all minors, a partial minor ban by age (eg, <14 years), or the requirement of parental consent or accompaniment for tanning. Currently, only 6 US states have no indoor tanning legislation for minors.

OBJECTIVE

This study investigated whether internet searches (as an indicator of interest) related to indoor tanning varied across US states by the type of indoor tanning legislation, using data from Google Trends from 2006 to 2019.

METHODS

We conducted a time-series analysis of Google Trends data on indoor tanning from 2006 to 2019 by US state. Time-series linear regression models were generated to assess the Google Trends data over time by the type of indoor tanning legislation.

RESULTS

We found that indoor tanning search rates decreased significantly for all 50 states and the District of Columbia over time (P<.01). The searches peaked in 2012 when indoor tanning received marked attention (eg, indoor tanning was banned for all minors by the first state—California). The reduction in search rates was more marked for states with a complete ban among minors compared to those with less restrictive types of legislation.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings are consistent with those of other studies on the association between indoor tanning regulations and attitudinal and behavioral trends related to indoor tanning. The main limitation of the study is that raw search data were not available for more precise analysis. With changes in interest and norms, indoor tanning and skin cancer risk among young people may change. Future studies should continue to determine the impact of such public health policies in order to inform policy efforts and minimize risks to public health.
NAT8 Variants, N-Acetylated Amino Acids, and Progression of CKD
Authors: Luo Shengyuan , Surapaneni Aditya , Zheng Zihe , Rhee Eugene P. , Coresh Josef , Hung Adriana M. , Nadkarni Girish N. , Yu Bing , Boerwinkle Eric , Tin Adrienne , Arking Dan E. , Steinbrenner Inga , Schlosser Pascal , Köttgen Anna , Grams Morgan E.
Published: December 2020

Background and objectives

Genetic variants in NAT8, a liver- and kidney-specific acetyltransferase encoding gene, have been associated with eGFR and CKD in European populations. Higher circulating levels of two NAT8-associated metabolites, N-δ-acetylornithine and N-acetyl-1-methylhistidine, have been linked to lower eGFR and higher risk of incident CKD in the Black population. We aimed to expand upon prior studies to investigate associations between rs13538, a missense variant in NAT8, N-acetylated amino acids, and kidney failure in multiple, well-characterized cohorts.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

We conducted analyses among participants with genetic and/or serum metabolomic data in the African American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension (AASK; n=962), the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study (n=1050), and BioMe, an electronic health record–linked biorepository (n=680). Separately, we evaluated associations between rs13538, urinary N-acetylated amino acids, and kidney failure in participants in the German CKD (GCKD) study (n=1624).

Results

Of 31 N-acetylated amino acids evaluated, the circulating and urinary levels of 14 were associated with rs13538 (P<0.05/31). Higher circulating levels of five of these N-acetylated amino acids, namely, N-δ-acetylornithine, N-acetyl-1-methylhistidine, N-acetyl-3-methylhistidine, N-acetylhistidine, and N2,N5-diacetylornithine, were associated with kidney failure, after adjustment for confounders and combining results in meta-analysis (combined hazard ratios per two-fold higher amino acid levels: 1.48, 1.44, 1.21, 1.65, and 1.41, respectively; 95% confidence intervals: 1.21 to 1.81, 1.22 to 1.70, 1.08 to 1.37, 1.29 to 2.10, and 1.17 to 1.71, respectively; all P values <0.05/14). None of the urinary levels of these N-acetylated amino acids were associated with kidney failure in the GCKD study.

Conclusions

We demonstrate significant associations between an NAT8 gene variant and 14 N-acetylated amino acids, five of which had circulation levels that were associated with kidney failure.
Areas of Concern in Legal and Economic Expert Evaluation of Laws and Regulations
Authors: Dement'ev Aleksandr
Published: December 2020

The paper presents certain results of the implementation of scientific and educational pro­ject “Study of Procedures and Principles of Legal and Economic Expert Evaluation of Laws and Regulations in Implementing Industrial Policy in the Russian Federation”. It suggests the me­thods of overcoming conflicts of legal provisions in the industrial policy implementation and expert economic evaluation based on constitutional provisions on the state governed by the rules of law and social welfare.
The analysis of crack width in flexural concrete members reinforced with polymer composite bars
Authors: Mirsayapov Ilshat T. , Antakov Igor A. , Antakov Alexey B.
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Rebars, made of fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP), have a number of distinguishing characteristics and disadvantages along with well-known strengths, such as high tensile strength, low specific density, high corrosion resistance, and low thermal conductivity. One of its principal strengths is the modulus of elasticity which is relatively low compared to steel. As a result, elements, having FRP reinforcement, feature higher deformability. In this regard, the requirements of serviceabi-lity limit states, applicable to structures, may become the main obstacle to the use of FRP as the reinforcement for concrete members. It is assumed that cracking patterns of members, having FRP reinforcement, may differ from those of traditional reinforced concrete structures.

Materials and methods. Experimental studies were carried with regard for and in compliance with the provisions of National State Standard 8829-94. Tested samples represented concrete beams that were 1,810 mm long and had a cross section of 120 × 220 mm. Their tensile side was reinforced with two bars. Steel, glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) and basalt fiber-reinforced polymer (BFRP) bars were used to reinforce the beams. The value of the reinforcement ratio varied. Crack width calculation methods, applied according to Construction rules and regulations 63.13330.2012 and 295.1325800.2017 (Russia) and ACI 440.1R-06 (USA) were analyzed.

Results. The results of the theoretical and experimental studies of the crack resistance of flexural members having FRP reinforcement are obtained. Discrepancies between the calculation methods are identified.

Conclusions. Сracking patterns, typical for members having FRP reinforcement, are specified. They contest the applicabi-lity of methods, prescribed in the Construction Rules and Regulations. The methods, prescribed by Construction Rules and Regulations 63.13330.2012 and 295.1325800.2017, differ in respect of crack width calculations, and it leads to diverging calculation results.
Housing construction in the present-day context of decelerating economic growth
Authors: Viktorov Mikhail Yu.
Published: December 2020

Abstract Introduction. The unwanted slowdown of the housing construction process, triggered by the coronavirus crisis, does not cancel the tasks set by the national project “Housing and the Urban Environment”. The practical analysis of the housing sector has confirmed that the economic recovery of the housing construction industry cannot be regarded as an outcome of inconsistent measures. The novelty of the approach lies in the identification of the most problematic development hurdles and their comprehensive overcoming in the context of digital transformation of residential development projects, which contributes to effective demand, optimizes the distribution of risk between construction work participants and expands the use of preventive mechanisms for the out-of-court settlement of commercial disputes arising in the construction sector. Materials and methods. A quick analysis of the current situation in the housing sector, including the one in the regions, has identified the most important factors hindering the growth of business activities in this industry. Methods of systems analysis, adjusted in terms of time and space, made it possible to apply situational analysis tools to the housing construction sector. Results. A repeated discussion of the reasons for the contraction of housing construction which is underway on discussion platforms of the Ministry of Construction of the Russian Federation, NOSTROY, RANEPA, MGSU, etc. has revealed that the comprehensive implementation of aggregated effects that accompany the transition to project funding is impossible without the implementation of the principle of “risk symmetry”, effective demand support, prevention of conflicts of interests between construction participants and the practical implementation of the potential of digital transformation of investment and construction processes in the project format at all stages of the life cycle of a construction project. Conclusions. The nurture of a qualitatively new digital environment in the housing sector will change not only its planning, controlling and expert functions, but also the evaluation and communication mechanisms, as it contributes to reduction of transaction and operational costs, boosts the efficiency and objectivity of construction control, increases trust and partnership solidarity, narrows the scope of litigation and reduces the number of bankruptcies, etc., thus, setting the stage for an accelerated recovery and growth of the housing construction.
Expresiones de resistencia Afrocaribe: La mirada decolonial en la obra poética de Jorge Artel
Authors: Eljach Matilde , Romero-Sierra Kebby
Published: December 2020

Hablar de resistencia afrocaribe, conduce a recrear la memoria y caminos trasegados por hombres y mujeres como Candelario Obeso, Luis Antonio Robles, Juan, Delia y Manuel Zapata Olivella, Aquiles Escalante y Jorge Artel, entre otros; quienes nos legaron su palabra y su compromiso en la lucha por la identidad, la recuperación y dignificación de la memoria del pueblo afrodescendiente, a través de su producción intelectual, como investigadores, narradores, folcloristas y poetas. Este ensayo hace referencia en clave decolonial al poeta Jorge Artel. Poeta de su raza y de su gente, de sus tambores y de protestas llenas de vida, de negritud, de emoción sin límites, de angustia ancestral y llamado de la sangre. Jorge Artel intuyó, supo, comprendió, que la modernidad es un pozo negro que con la retórica del progreso, oculta sus consecuencias, así como también oculta la energía irreductible de los marginados y excluidos de la tierra.
Nuevos lineamientos en la evaluación integral del adulto mayor
Authors: Benites-Cuadros Jonathan Jesús , Salazar-Ormeño Aarom Raúl , Picón-Flores Samanta
Published: December 2020

Estimado editor,
Hemos leído con atención el artículo “Calidad de vida en adultos mayores de Guerrero, México” publicado en esta revista. El blasón del autor es, sin duda, el análisis riguroso que genera a la hora de determinar la asociación de variables relacionadas a la calidad de vida del adulto mayor, siempre orientado a fomentar políticas públicas que favorezcan una perspectiva de salud positiva; así mismo, en vista de la escasez de estudios en esta área, destacamos la audacia del autor al atreverse a divulgar este asunto de interés colectivo que nos permitirá mantener la autonomía y la calidad de vida de los adultos mayores en el mundo...
Caracterización de pacientes con accidente cerebrovascular ingresados en un hospital de baja complejidad en Chile
Authors: Sepúlveda-Contreras Jorge
Published: December 2020

Introducción: El Accidente cerebrovascular se constituye como un problema crítico de salud pública, siendo sus mayores factores de riesgo la hipertensión, el consumo de tabaco, la diabetes, entre otros. Objetivo: Caracterizar a los usuarios que ingresan con diagnóstico de Accidente cerebrovascular al Hospital San Luis de Buin-Paine, hospital de baja complejidad perteneciente al Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Sur de Chile. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una investigación observacional, descriptiva, transversal con aquellos pacientes que ingresaron a servicios de hospitalizados y a la unidad de rehabilitación con diagnóstico de Accidente cerebrovascular isquémico o hemorrágico. Con la muestra (n=135) se realizó una revisión de cada ficha electrónica. El procesamiento estadístico de los datos fue mediante frecuencias absolutas y porcentajes. Resultados: Predominó el ictus isquémico en el 85,92%, con un fuerte incremente en la población sobre 51 años. Los factores de riesgos más frecuentes fueron hipertensión arterial y diabetes mellitus. La profesión u oficio que más se repitió correspondió a Jubilado (27,4%). Conclusiones: Se evidenciaron resultados similares en comparación a otras investigaciones afines al tema. La prevención de las enfermedades cerebrovasculares está asociada al mantenimiento de hábitos y estilos de vida saludables para prevenir la aparición de los factores modificables de riesgo.
Índice de alimentación saludable e indicador sodio/(potasio+calcio) en estudiantes universitarios chilenos
Authors: Maury-Sintjago Eduard , Rodríguez-Fernández Alejandra , Parra-Flores Julio
Published: December 2020

Introducción: Los hábitos alimentarios poco saludables de los estudiantes universitarios constituyen una preocupación importante para la atención medica-nutricional futura. Objetivo: Determinar el Índice de Alimentación Saludable (IAS) e indicador sodio/(potasio+calcio) en universitarios chilenos. Materiales y métodos: Investigación analítica, de corte transversal con una muestra no probabilística de 420 estudiantes, a quienes se aplicó encuesta de información sociodemográfica y antropométrica. Con el cuestionario de frecuencia de consumo y recordatorio de 24 horas se determinó el IAS e indicador sodio/(potasio+calcio). Se aplicó estadística descriptiva e inferencial utilizando el programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences v22.0. Resultados: El peso, talla e Índice de Masa Corporal, presentaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas, según sexo (p<0,05). Misma situación fue encontrada en el promedio de ingesta de calorías, lípidos, carbohidratos, fibra, calcio y sodio (p<0,05). La ingesta de frutas, verduras y lácteos bajos en grasa fue mayor en mujeres (p<0,01). La mayoría de los sujetos presentaron alimentación poco saludable, siendo mayor en el caso de los hombres (p<0,05). Sólo el 6% de los hombres y 17% de las mujeres tenían una dieta cardio-protectora. Conclusiones: Los estudiantes presentan una dieta con deficiente ingesta de micronutrientes cardioprotectores, hecho que incrementa el riesgo de desarrollar enfermedades cardiovasculares.
Ejercicio físico y suplementación nutricional para el combate de la obesidad sarcopénica en adultos mayores
Authors: Fuentes-Barría Héctor , Urbano-Cerda Sebastián , Aguilera-Eguía Raul , González-Wong Catalina
Published: December 2020

Introducción: La obesidad sarcopénica no está claramente definida, pero se entiende como la relación sinérgica entre la pérdida de masa y función muscular, con aumento de masa grasa, propio de la obesidad que se acentúa con la edad. Objetivo: Analizar los efectos del ejercicio físico y suplementación nutricional sobre la obesidad sarcopénica en adultos mayores. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica de artículos publicados entre el 2015 y 2020 en las bases de datos Medline través de Pubmed, SciELO y Google Scholar utilizando los términos Sarcopenia, Obesity, Frail Elderly, Exercise y Dietary supplements. Los artículos analizados consideraron solo revisiones narrativas o sistemáticas, con o sin metanálisis del efecto de una intervención de ejercicio y/o suplementación nutricional en adultos mayores. Resultados: Se presentan los criterios de definición y relación entre obesidad y sarcopenia abordados desde intervenciones de ejercicios físicos y nutricionales para la prevención y/o tratamiento de obesidad sarcopénica. Conclusiones: Las diferentes estrategias de ejercicio físico y suplementación nutricional, tanto separadas como combinadas, pueden prevenir y/o contrarrestar la obesidad sarcopénica en adultos mayores, puesto que impactan parámetros fundamentales como la composición corporal y el rendimiento físico asociado a la calidad de vida.
Manejo de un central deciduo retenido por trauma dental: a propósito de un caso
Authors: Martínez-Bermúdez Orlando , Orozco-Paéz Jennifer , Hoyos-Hoyos Vivi , García-Estaño Johan , Salas-Molina Nohora , Cabrera-Jiménez Karina , Plazas-Román Jaime
Published: December 2020

Introducción: El trauma dentoalveolar es un tipo de afección muy común en niños, que en la mayoría de los casos involucra dientes, la porción alveolar del maxilar, la mandíbula y los tejidos blandos adyacentes. Pueden variar en cuanto a la extensión y gravedad llegando a afectar la funcionalidad e integridad de las estructuras orales, por lo que un diagnóstico correcto y tratamiento oportuno es necesario para evitar la generación de posibles secuelas en la dentición permanente. Objetivo: Reportar un caso de trauma dentoalveolar en un niño y su abordaje odontológico interdisciplinar. Presentación del caso: Paciente masculino de 7 años de edad, sin antecedentes relevantes, asiste a consulta con su madre por presentar persistencia de un diente temporal en sector anterosuperior, asociado a trauma dentoalveolar ocurrido a los 18 meses de vida aproximadamente. Se realiza exodoncia del diente temporal y tratamiento ortopédico para orientar la erupción del diente permanente, manifestando evolución favorable. Conclusiones: El abordaje interdisciplinario para los casos de trauma dento-alveolar constituye una buena alternativa para una adecuada rehabilitación y disminuye posibles secuelas.
Prevalencia de anticuerpos anti-hepatitis E de tipo IgG evaluados a través de tres ensayos comerciales
Authors: Padilla-Sanabria Leonardo
Published: December 2020

Introducción: El virus de la Hepatitis E (HVE) es de ácido ribonucleico desnudo, los genotipos 3 y 4 pueden presentarse como una zoonosis transmitida por agua o alimentos contaminados. En la zona del eje cafetero-Colombia, no se ha descrito la presencia de anticuerpos para este virus en la comunidad. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de anticuerpos anti-HVE de tipo Inmuniglobulinas G (IgG) en muestras de suero de un laboratorio clínico del Eje Cafetero. Materiales y métodos: En un periodo de dos meses se analizaron 90 sueros de pacientes atendidos en un laboratorio clínico de la ciudad de Armenia, se utilizaron tres técnicas diferentes para la caracterización de los anticuerpos y se compararon sus resultados. Resultados: De los 90 sueros evaluados, la técnica de ELISA de anticuerpos totales ELISA IgG anti HVE Recom Well marca Mikrogen identificó 2 sueros positivos (2,2%), la Prueba ELISA IgG HVE versión ULTRA® marca Diapro evidenció una muestra equivoca (1,1%). La prueba western blot Recom line HVE marca Mikrogen detectó 4 muestras positivas (4,4%). Conclusiones: Se encontró una prevalencia de anticuerpos HVE IgG que oscila entre 0 y 4,4% dependiendo de la prueba comercial utilizada, evidenciando circulación del virus y un posible ciclo infecciosos en la región.
Identification and Phylogenetic Analysis of Entomopathogenic Fungal Isolates Using Molecular Approach
Authors: Syaukani Syaukani , Ananda Zulia , Suhartono Suhartono , Sirtina Sirtina , Lisa Oviana , Alfizar Alfizar , Samingan Samingan
Published: December 2020

Abstract: Entomopathogenic fungi are essential to consider as one of the biological agents to control termite populations. This research aimed to molecularly identify entomopathogenic fungi isolates in termites based on the ITS rDNA region and to determine the relationship of fungi isolates. Identification was performed by DNA extraction, PCR amplification, electrophoresis, purification, and sequencing. Phylogenetic trees were generated using MEGA X.  Molecular identification showed that the ISO1 sample was Penicillium oxalicum, the ISO2 sample was Trichoderma ghanense the ISO3 sample was Aspergillus niger, the ISO4 sample was Aspergillus fumigatus and the ISO5 sample was Aspergillus pseudonomius. The phylogenetic tree showed that the ISO1, ISO2, ISO3, ISO4, and ISO5 samples had the closest relationship with Penicillium oxalicum strain FR6-CGR12, Trichoderma ghanense isolate TM2, Aspergillus niger isolate 77, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Aspergillus pseudonomius strain DTO 267D6, respectively.Abstrak: Kelimpahan jenis fungi entomopatogen adalah hal yang terpenting untuk dipertimbangkan sebagai agen hayati bagi populasi rayap.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi secara molekular isolat fungi entomopatogen pada rayap, berdasarkan daerah ITS rDNA dan mengetahui hubungan kekerabatan dari isolat fungi tersebut. Identifikasi dilakukan dengan cara ekstraksi DNA, amplifikasi menggunakan PCR, elektroforesis, purifikasi dan sekuensing. Selanjutnya kontruksi pohon filogenetik menggunakan aplikasi MEGA X. Berdasarkan uji molekular menunjukkan bahwa sampel ISO1 merupakan Penicillium oxalicum.ISO2 merupakan Trichoderma ghanense.ISO3 merupakan Aspergillus niger. ISO4 merupakan Aspergillus fumigatus.ISO5 merupakan Aspergillus pseudonomius.Konstruksi pohon filogenetik menunjukkan bahwa, sampel ISO1 berkerabat dekat dengan Penicillium oxalicum strain FR6-CGR12. Sampel ISO2 berkerabat dekat dengan Trichoderma ghanense isolat TM2. Sampel ISO3 berkerabat dekat dengan Aspergillus nigerisolat 77. Sampel ISO4 berkerabat dekat dengan Aspergillus fumigatus.Sampel ISO5 berkerabat dekat dengan Aspergillus pseudonomius strain DTO 267D6.