bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A REVIEW OF 2021 AND 2022 AAOS GUIDELINES FOR MENISCAL ARTHROSCOPIC PROCEDURES IN OSTEOARTHRITIS
Authors: Baburkina Olena , Bludova Maryna , Ovchynnikov Oleg
Published: January 2024

For many decades, arthroscopy was considered the least invasive of all existing surgical methods of treating patients with gonarthrosis, however, carried out at the beginning of the XXI century randomized clinical trials (RCTs) demonstrated the futility of isolated lavage and debridement for this category of patients. The purpose of this work is to show trends in the indications for debridement and partial meniscectomy in patients with osteoarthritis in the 2021–2022 AAOS guidelines. Methods. AAOS 2021, 2022 recommendations for the treatment of osteoarthritis (without arthroplasty). The strength of recommendations depends on the number and quality of studies that may or may not recommend surgery. The results. In 2021, the third edition of the AAOS clinical guidelines for the treatment of osteoarthritis was released, which was supported by four studies. They suggest that arthroscopic partial meniscectomy be used for the treatment of meniscal tears in patients with concomitant mild or moderate osteoarthritis in whom physical therapy or other nonsurgical treatments have been ineffective. The 2022 AAOS guidelines reviewed 216 osteoarthritis situations and indications for arthroscopic procedures. The developed criteria are aimed at covering the most common clinical scenarios faced by qualified specialists treating osteoarthritis of the knee joint. The final decision on any particular criterion must take into account all the circumstances presented by the patient, as well as the needs and resources specific to the area or institution. Conclusions. The 2021 AAOS guidelines do not recommend arthroscopy with lavage and/or debridement in patients with a primary diagnosisof knee osteoarthritis. According to AAOS 2022 recommendations, arthroscopic interventions are suitable for young people with arthrosis of the knee joint in one or 2–3 departments. Arthroscopy as a method of choice for the treatment of terminal gonarthrosis has exhausted itself: most studies prove the ineffectiveness of lavage, debridement, microfracturing of the subchondral bone, and partial meniscectory.
Public Network Models: A Typology Based on a Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Barczak Beata
Published: January 2024

Objective: The article develops, based on a systematic literature review (SLR), a typology of public network models. It interprets the concept and specificity of a public network. Finally, it reviews the typology of organisational network models and indicates the directions for further research.
Research Design & Methods: The methodology of systematic literature review was used, supplemented by snowball sampling. To obtain data, the Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) scientific databases were analysed. The results were then synthesised to develop a typology for public networks. Typological analysis was used in addition to SLR and snowball sampling.
Findings: As a result of a systematic review of the literature, a typology of public network models was reviewed and a typology proposed. The theoretical function of the typology is an indication of trends in the development of public network models, while its practical function is as a tool for further analysis.
Implications / Recommendations: The analysis shows that public networks differ from other networks, such as business networks. The breakdown of public network models is multi-layered and may include various criteria. The typology developed for the paper covers four types of public networks: global public networks, networks of public organisations, local government networks, and partnerships.
Contribution: The issues discussed in the paper fill the research and methodological gap in research on public networks. This gap is a stark lack of theory and conceptualisation in studying such networks. The paper defines the role of the network approach as an emerging paradigm in the management of the public sphere, and that is its main contribution.
Professor Viktor Konstantinovich Menshikov — medical doctor, scientist, patriot (to the 140th anniversary)
Authors: Pikuza Olga I. , Albitsky Valery Yu. , Fayzullina Rezeda A. , Zakirova Alfiya M. , Samorodnova Elena A. , Volyanyuk Elena V.
Published: January 2024

The article presents the biography of a talented pediatrician Victor K. Menshikov, who made a substantial contribution to the history of the formation of pediatric services in Kazan and in the Republic of Tatarstan. Special attention is paid to the role of the professor in the development of therapeutic and preventive care for young children in an economic laggard with high morbidity and infant mortality at the turn of the XIX-XX centuries. The emphasis in the coverage of Victor K. Menshikov’s activities is focused on the organization of a department for infants on the basis of a children's clinic on the model of European clinics, the study of issues of dietetics and the expansion of the range of acidified milk formula in the nutrition of children with digestive disorders, a modern approach to the organization of the educational process in the training of national medical personnel. The presented information enriches the history of the development of pediatrics, science and healthcare in the Republic of Tatarstan and in Russian Federation.
Wybory w sytuacjach kryzysowych. Studium przypadku Wielkiej Brytanii w 2021 r.
Authors:   Uniwersytet Szczeciński, Czapiewski Tomasz
Published: January 2024

The text analyzes the 2021 elections in Great Britain, taking place during the COVID-19 pandemic. Attention is focused on the adaptive measures taken to maintain electoral integrity despite the health crisis. The author emphasizes that the pandemic forced a reevaluation of electoral norms and practices, prompting innovation. The article explores ten key areas, including: special voting arrangements, organization of elections, sanitary and epidemiological restrictions, changes in the structure of electoral administration, as well as the impact of the pandemic on the election campaign and turnout. Critical attention is drawn to the too late start of legislative and organizational preparations for the postponed elections by the central authorities.
Criminal Characteristics of Criminal Offenses Related to Electricity Theft
Authors:   National Scientific Center “Hon. Prof. M.S. Bokarius Forensic Science Institute”, Rohalin Serhii
Published: January 2024

This article purpose is to review development state of the issue of forensic characterization of criminal offenses, build the general structure of forensic characteristic of electrical energy theft, determine its main constituent elements, divide them into groups, and develop a detailed forensic characteristic of electric energy theft. Validity of the obtained results and conclusions that were based on the analysis of the latest scientific research on issues of violation of regulatory requirements regarding the accounting of electric energy and unaccounted consumption of electric energy, on the results obtained during performance of forensic examinations at the National Scientific Center »Hon. Prof. M.S. Bokarius Forensic Science Institute« of the Ministry of the Interior of Ukraine, and also ensured the use of a complex of general scientific and special methods, in particular formal and logical, generalization, comparison. Scientific novelty. In the context of forensic expert provision of evidentiary base in criminal act qualification: electric energy theft, provided for in Article 1881 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, for development of new and supplementing existing methodological recommendations for investigation by employees of pre-trial investigation bodies of criminal offenses; this article elaborates and systematizes data on performing forensic examinations and a detailed forensic description of electric energy theft was compiled that will become the basis for the construction of investigative versions and will contribute to the effective conduct of investigative (search) actions and other investigative measures, as well as quickly. Conclusions. 1. Development state of issue of forensic characteristics of criminal offenses is considered. 2. General structure of forensic characteristics of electric energy theft is built. 3. The main constituent elements of forensic characteristics of electric energy theft are determined. It is proposed to divide constituent elements into groups according to a defining sign; the most significant and auxiliary signs. 4. On the basis of generalizations of data based on the results of forensic examinations and theoretical processing of research results into the issues of unaccounted electric energy consumption, detailed forensic description of electric energy theft has been developed.
Incidence of Emotional Disorder Symptoms and Emotional Intelligence in Slovak Secondary School Students Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Matej Bel University, Slovakia, Ďurechová Anna Baláž , Kaliská Lada ,   Matej Bel University, Slovakia
Published: January 2024

The study aimed to replicate our research findings of 2019 by comparing the incidence of emotional disorder symptoms and global trait emotional intelligence (EI) and assessing the closeness of relationships of the observed variables in the context of the new COVID-19 pandemic situation. The data were gathered by self-report tests measuring levels of fears (KSAT), anxiety (STAI), depression (CDI) and trait emotional intelligence (TEIQue-ASF) in Slovak adolescents (N 270) aged 18 to 20 years (AM 18.42; SD 0.59) before (N 138) and during (N 132) the COVID-19 pandemic. Results revealed an increased incidence of emotional disorders (situational anxiety, stage fright, fear, and trait anxiety) and also a decreased level of global trait EI in the pandemic of 2019. Strong negative relationships were identified between global trait EI and trait anxiety (r -0.578; p ≤ .001), as well as medium negative relationships with overall fear (r 0.398; p ≤ .01) and stage fright (r 0.398; p ≤ .01). There were weak or no relationships between global trait EI and the other variables. Thus, higher global trait EI is related to a lower incidence of symptoms of specific emotional disorders. Our findings point to the validity of implementing socio-emotional learning elements into secondary school students' education.
A Quality School from the Perspective of Parents' Expectations
Authors:   Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic, Dačevová Radmila , Němec Jiří ,   Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
Published: January 2024

A child's entry into primary school is an important life event for parents that is accompanied not just by the child’s expectations but also those of the parents themselves. We have attempted to interpret them in the present study, which presents the results of a quantitative research investigation conducted through random multi-stage stratified sampling based on analysing relevant surveys and building on the authors' previous qualitative investigations. The sample studied was 504 parents of pupils in Years 1 and 2 who attended selected primary schools in the 2020/2021 school year. The main data collection tool was an online questionnaire that mapped primary school choice strategies and parents' expectations of the school, schooling, and teachers. These factors were then examined in relation to the variable choice of an educational program and parents' attitudes toward education (an academic approach versus a personalistic one). We found that parents' expectations of school choice are principally divided according to whether respondents believe school should fulfil the more traditional role of education or whether they prefer their children to develop their personalities and seek an alternative educational program or school for their offspring.
The Boundary Situation as a Space of Artification
Authors:   University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland, Hyla Magdalena , Krasoń Katarzyna ,   University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland, Jastrząb Jolanta ,   Academy of Fine Arts and Design, Katowice, Poland
Published: January 2024

Artification occupies a specific place between art and non-art and is determined by giving a subjectively aesthetic meaning to the objects that previously had no such properties. We refer here explicitly to the studies and findings of Ellen Dissanayake and Ossi Naukkarinen. The study aimed to focus on the potential of artification at the end of one’s life, exemplified by reports of the qualitative study conducted in one of the hospices in Katowice, Poland. The psychological flexibility categories, extracted from artification activities, were used in this research.
Relationship between Elementary School Students' Numeracy and Number Sense
Authors:   Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia Universitas PGRI Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Rahmawati Rina Dyah , Sulistyani Nawang ,   Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, Indonesia, Purnomo Yoppy Wahyu ,   Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Fitriya Yeni ,   Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Ramadhani Deasy ,   Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Published: January 2024

Numbers are fundamental mathematical concepts that underlie various other mathematical principles. This research investigates the relationship between number sense and the numeracy abilities of fifth-grade elementary school students. A cross-sectional survey method was used, with 205 respondents voluntarily participating. The results showed a reciprocal relationship between number sense and numeracy in elementary school students. Emphasising number sense can enhance flexibility in numeracy solutions. Number sense can be developed through assigning math tasks related to the students' environment or associating it with other learning processes. The study emphasises the importance of number sense in the primary school mathematics curriculum.
Predicting the Quality of Perception Assessment Instruments for Prospective Elementary School Teachers on the Culturally Responsive Teaching Approach
Authors:   Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Sleman, Indonesia, Kawuryan Sekar Purbarini , Senen Anwar ,   Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Sleman, Indonesia, Lidyasari Aprilia Tina ,   Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Sleman, Indonesia, Mujinem  ,   Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Sleman, Indonesia, Firmansyah  ,   Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Sleman, Indonesia
Published: January 2024

This study aims to analyse the validity and reliability of instruments to assess students’ perceptions of the lecture approach in the form of Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT). The quantitative method with a survey research design was carried out using purposive sampling of all sixth-semester students from various cross-cultural and regional areas in Indonesia. The overall total of research subjects was 238. The non-test instrument consisted of 23 items grouped into three components. Content validity was carried out by focus group discussions involving experts in learning strategies, psychology, education, and culture. Construct validity was formed in three components, each with a p-value in the fit category. Moreover, the reliability was calculated using Cronbach’s Alpha scoring 0.946 for all items.
Teachers’ Attitudes towards Evaluation Research and Their Identity Processing Styles
Authors:   Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Sury Zuzanna , Ostafińska-Molik Barbara ,   Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Steć Małgorzata ,   Jagiellonian University, Krakow
Published: January 2024

The main purpose of this paper is to present the preliminary findings of the research focused on the relationship between teachers’ identity processing styles and their attitudes towards external and internal evaluation, as well as teachers’ self-evaluation. This goal allowed for formulating the following research questions: (1) What are teachers’ attitudes toward the three types of evaluation? (2) What are their identity processing styles? and (3) What relationships between the above variables exist? The average was highest on the informational style scale and lowest on the diffuse-avoidant style scale. The study demonstrated a clear differentiation of teachers’ attitudes: from a negative attitude towards external evaluation to a positive one towards self-evaluation. Although the study did not find statistically significant relationships, it contributed to some conclusions on how to study teachers’ attitudes towards evaluation in the future. The research is a step towards finding the factors that positively and negatively influence teachers’ perceptions of evaluation research in their work.
Negationism and anti-vaccine misinformation by Jair Bolsonaro
Authors: Leal Ana Regina Barros Rego , Moura Ranielle Leal , Galhardi Claudia Pereira
Published: January 2024

This paper seeks to bring to the debate the philosophical interrelationships between denialism and nihilism, seeking to unveil the strategies used by the “merchants of doubt” (ORESKES and CONWAY) to influence the population not to adhere to the vaccination against Covid-19, during 2021, through the use of misinformation. In this context, we adopted the Hermeneutics of Historical Consciousness as an interpretative path (RICOEUR, 2010), which enables us to understand the narrative production of intentional disinformation and its collective and social appropriation. HHC offers us an interpretative possibility of the world of the text based on the relationship with history, the past and the experience, as entities affected by the past, which we are. ). In this sense, this paper’s structure has as it starting point a brief debate that seeks to confront Nietzschean nihilism and scientific denialism, in order to confront communication and disinformation and its current dimensions, intermediated by an interpretation of fake news about vaccines that circulated in 2021 and which have President Jair Bolsonaro as a promoter. The narratives posted here for interpretation were denounced by society through the @eufiscalizo app from Fiocruz-RJ and checked through the website https://www.nujocchecagem.com.br/.
INFLUENCE OF HYBRID NANOFLUIDS AND SOURCE CONFIGURATION ON NATURAL CONVECTION IN SQUARE CAVITY
Authors: Salhi Hicham , Chafai Nadjib , Moussaoui Isslam , Mahamdi Antar
Published: January 2024

A numerical investigation was conducted of steady laminar natural convection within a heated square
enclosure filled with a mixture of water, carbon nanotubes (CNT), and aluminum oxide (Al2O3) (hybrid
CNT-Al2O3/water nanofluid). Various heat source configurations and different volume fractions
for the hybrid nanofluids were examined. The obtained results were analyzed through numerical simulation
using ANSYS Fluent software. Thermal and dynamic fields were acquired, along with the Nusselt
number (Nu). The influence of parameters such as Rayleigh number (Ra), nanofluid type, and
heat source configuration was taken into account. Correlations between the Nusselt number and the
various control parameters of our configuration were also established. The acquired findings clearly
indicate that the introduction of nanoparticles has notably amplified heat transfer within the cavity (φ
= 0.09). Furthermore, the heat source configuration has proven to be a pivotal element that effectively
expedites the heat transfer process. Additionally, a direct correlation is observed between the increase
in average Nusselt number and the augmentation in volume fraction. Notably, the most favorable
outcomes are derived from the implementation of the (CNT-Al2O3)/water hybrid nanofluid.
Urinary CD4+ T Cells Predict Renal Relapse in ANCA-Associated Vasculitis
Authors: Prskalo Luka , Skopnik Christopher M. , Goerlich Nina , Freund Paul , Wagner Leonie , Grothgar Emil , Mirkheshti Pouneh , Klocke Jan , Sonnemann Janis , Metzke Diana , Schneider Udo , Hiepe Falk , Eckardt Kai-Uwe , Salama Alan D. , Bieringer Markus , Schreiber Adrian , Enghard Philipp
Published: January 2024

Significance Statement

Early identification of patients at risk of renal flares in ANCA vasculitis is crucial. However, current clinical parameters have limitations in predicting renal relapse accurately. This study investigated the use of urinary CD4+ T lymphocytes as a predictive biomarker for renal flares in ANCA vasculitis. This study, including urine samples from 102 patients, found that the presence of urinary CD4+ T cells was a robust predictor of renal relapse within a 6-month time frame, with a sensitivity of 60% and a specificity of 97.8%. The diagnostic accuracy of urinary CD4+ T cells exceeded that of ANCA titers, proteinuria, and hematuria. Monitoring urinary CD4+ T lymphocytes could help assess the risk of future renal relapse, enabling early preventive measures and tailored treatment strategies.

Background

In ANCA-associated vasculitis, there is a lack of biomarkers for predicting renal relapse. Urinary T cells have been shown to differentiate active GN from remission in ANCA-associated vasculitis, but their predictive value for renal flares remains unknown.

Methods

The PRE-FLARED study was a prospective multicenter biomarker study including 102 individuals with ANCA-associated vasculitis in remission aimed to predict renal relapse by quantifying urinary CD4+ T-cell subsets using flow cytometry at baseline and monitoring clinical outcomes over a 6-month follow-up.

Results

Among the participants, ten experienced renal relapses, two had non–renal flares, and 90 remained in stable remission. The median baseline urinary CD4+ T-cell count was significantly higher in patients who relapsed compared with those in remission. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of urinary CD4+ T-cell counts showed an area under the curve value of 0.88 for predicting renal flares, outperforming ANCA titers, hematuria, and proteinuria. Using a cutoff of 490 CD4+ T cells per 100 ml urine, the sensitivity and specificity in identifying patients with future renal flares were 60% and 97.8%, respectively. In a post hoc analysis, combining urinary CD4+ T-cell counts with proteinase-3 ANCA levels suggested improved predictive performance in the PR3+ subgroup. In addition, the number of urinary CD4+ T cells showed a limited correlation with a decline in GFR and an increase in proteinuria over the follow-up period.

Conclusions

This study concluded that urinary CD4+ T-cell counts could identify patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis at a substantial risk of renal relapse within 6 months. Combining these counts with ANCA levels further improved the prediction of relapse.

Clinical Trial registry name and registration number:

Urinary T Lymphocytes Predict Renal Flares in Patients With Inactive ANCA-associated Glomerulonephritis (PRE-FLARED), NCT04428398.
Innovation Race, Politics, and Resource Misallocation
Authors:   The Korea International Trade Research Institute, Lee Yang Seung
Published: January 2024

Purpose - This paper aims to explain how politics can affect the innovation race in the private sector. Ideally, politics can help the economy develop or grow faster. However, it can slow the economy by obstructing the innovative activities of firms. The main objective of this paper is to examine how politics generates inefficiency and cost through Nash competition for political gain.
Design/Methodology/Approach - This paper launches a game-theoretic approach to find the impact that political competition can leave upon an innovation race and R&D investments. It is modelled that private firms are involved non-cooperatively in a dynamic game for innovation. The strategic choices of R&D investment represent a subgame-perfect Nash equilibrium.
Findings - Before an election, political parties tend to announce a commitment to supporting innovative activities for the private sector. It is ideal that the commitment helps firms establish R&D investment schedules as early as possible, and their innovation contributes to improving social welfare. However, political over-competition raises the problems of inconsistency or inefficiency.
Research Implications - Public supportive programs can be designed to inspire innovative activities. However, public supportive programs can obstruct innovative activities and hurt social welfare through the misallocation of public resources. This paper can contribute to the research area of R&D and trade.
Rational Financial Regulations in the Era of Big Blur: Improving Regulation on the Separation of Banking and Commerce in Korea
Authors:   The Korea International Trade Research Institute, Choi Gyoung-Gyu , Park Gye-Hyun
Published: January 2024

Purpose - The 4th industrial revolution brings the “Big Blur”, challenging the ‘Principle of Separation of Banking and Commerce’ by blurring distinctions between traditional and non-traditional financial sectors. This paper examines separation regulations and suggests adaptive financial regulations tailored to the challenges posed by the ‘big blur’.
Design/Methodology/Approach - We assess existing regulations for financial and non-financial institutions amidst evolving industry and business convergence using theoretical documents, reports, and news articles. Recognizing asymmetries in the application of laws, we propose optimal regulatory schemes to promote innovative financial ventures.
Findings - The principle of separation of banking and commerce presents a regulatory dichotomy with ‘over-regulation’ burdening financial firms, and ‘under-regulation’ favoring big tech. Dual convergence is evident as non-financial big techs enter financial sectors, and financial institutions diversify into non-financial activities. This calls for globally cohesive regulatory frameworks for a level playing field.
Research Implications - The paper advocates regulatory innovation for the ‘big blur’ era, aiming to establish a level playing field and enabling financial firms to enter non-financial services. The proposal encourages expanding business scope through diversified models supported by negative regulation systems.
A Study on the Relationship between the Overseas Expansion Competence of Companies and the Export Performance on the African Market
Authors:   The Korea International Trade Research Institute, Lee Hwa-Yun , Choi Jang-Woo
Published: January 2024

Purpose - This study aims to present practical guideline and important implications for domestic companies seeking to enter the African market in the future by studying how the competences of domestic companies hoping to enter the African market are reflected in export competitiveness and performance as understanding the current status, characteristics, prospects, and problems of the African market.
Design/Methodology/Approach - This study designed a research model by reviewing previous studies and literature to derive key factors that can affect export competitiveness and export performance by overseas expansion competences, such as global competence, product competence, marketing competence, and export support join competence, when entering the African market.
Findings - As a result of conducting research on domestic companies that have been exporting to African markets in Korea, the impact they have on export competitiveness and export performance was confirmed when focusing on the marketing competences to enter the African market. Further, it is necessary for the government to develop and expand various government support projects related to overseas marketing, targeting African markets for domestic companies.
Research Implications - Domestic companies that want to enter the African market have presented export strategies and directions to achieve practical export performance in the African market, and efforts by domestic companies and government support are also needed.
A Study on the Conceptualization and Perception Discrepancies of HRM Strength Attributes: A Focus on Perceptual Differences in the Domestic Corporate Management Environment
Authors:   The Korea International Trade Research Institute, Lee Dong-Joon , Park Soo-Yeol
Published: January 2024

Purpose - This study focuses on the restructuring of the terminology and subdimensions of HRM Strength, as it is deemed not suitable for the domestic corporate environment.
Design/Methodology/Approach - The research involved the formation of three groups (6 companies, with 2 domestic banks, 3 major companies, 2 venture companies, and 15 HR directors and general employees), and conducted interviews through Focus Group Interviews (FGI).
Findings - The study results indicate that the conceptualization of HRM Strength by Bowen and Ostroff (2004), specifically in terms of distinctiveness (visibility, understandability, legitimacy of authority, relevance), consistency (instrumentality, validity, consistent HRM messages), and consensus (agreement among principal HRM decision makers fairness), has been modified into terminology that is easier for domestic HR directors and employees to understand. The terminology change and subdimension restructuring transformed distinctiveness into HRM Systemicity (visibility, understandability, consistent HRM messages), consistency into HRM Fairness (instrumentality, validity, agreement (agreement among principal HRM decision makers + fairness), and consensus into HRM Expertise (legitimacy of authority, relevance).
Research Implications - Despite some limitations, such as the absence of empirical validation for the suitability of the new terminology, this study is significant in that it restructured and conceptualized the HRM Strength concept to be more suitable for domestic companies through FGI. It also identified issues related to the understanding of HRM Strength attributes in corporate settings and the perception of terminology, as well as laid the foundation for terminology change, new terminology definitions, and the restructuring of HRM Strength subdimensions.
The Impact of Family-friendly Policies on Firm Performance
Authors:   The Korea International Trade Research Institute, Park Hyun-Jung , Choi Hyang-Mi
Published: January 2024

Purpose - This research investigated the influence of family-friendly policies on the financial performance of Korean firms, with a specific emphasis on middle- and lower-level female employees. This study contributes to the body of knowledge regarding the effectiveness of family-friendly policies.
Design/Methodology/Approach - This study used multiple regression analyses on the survey data of 604 firms from the Korean Women Manager Panel in order to examine the impact of family-friendly policies on the performance of firms. Factors associated with career flexibility, time flexibility, financial support, and cultural variables comprise the independent variables. Sales growth and return on assets (ROA) were regarded as indicators of firm performance.
Findings - Career-flexibility policies such as parental leave and family care leave, in addition to time-flexibility policies such as working hour reduction and a 52-hour system, have a positive relationship with firm growth, while they have adverse effects on profitability.
Research Implications - Results implies that the implementation of family-friendly policies has the potential to help employees to increase productivity and revenue. However, these policies also incur additional costs, which may have a negative impact on overall profitability. Considering the introduction of family-friendly policies implies the need for additional measures, such as devising strategies for revenue growth, to enhance profitability.
The Impact of Donation Method on Donation Decision-Making: Focusing on Implicit Self-theory and priming Effect
Authors:   The Korea International Trade Research Institute, Kwak Jun-Sik
Published: January 2024

Purpose - Implicit self-theory refers to the fundamental beliefs individuals hold about the nature of their personal qualities, such as intelligence, abilities, and personality. The priming effect is a psychological phenomenon where exposure to one stimulus influences the response to a subsequent stimulus, without conscious guidance or intention. Two experiments were conducted to determine how implicit self-theory and the warm-up effect affect donation decision-making.
Design/Methodology/Approach - This research was exercised in two experiments. Experiment 1 examined the effects of implicit self-theory and the donation method (fixed vs. free) on donations. Experiment 2 examined the effects of priming (bad vs. happy experience), implicit self theory, and donation method (fixed vs. free) on donations.
Findings - The result showed that implicit self-theory and the priming of past experiences influence donation decisions depending on donation method.
Research Implications - Incremental theorists more than entity theorists preferred the free donation method over the fixed donation method. Additionally, entity theorists will be willing to donate more when recalling difficult events than when recalling enjoyable events. On the other hand, incremental theorists were willing to donate more when recalling enjoyable events than when recalling difficult events. In the case of free donation, where donations can be freely decided, the intention to donate was high when reminiscing about a difficult past, while in the case of fixed donation, the intention to donate was high when reminiscing about a happy past.
A Comparative Study on the International Competitiveness of Major Industries in the ASEAN Region after RCEP
Authors:   The Korea International Trade Research Institute, Yoo Jung-Geun , Ko Jai-Kil
Published: January 2024

Purpose - This research seeks to assess the trade volume and international competitiveness of RCEP member countries post-agreement, taking into account the diverse economic structures within the ASEAN countries.
Design/Methodology/Approach - This investigation focuses on three variables: exports, imports, and the trade specification index. A paired t-test was employed to measure the impact before and after the signing of RCEP.
Findings - The results show that the trade characteristics of partner countries, including Korea, China, Japan, Australia, and New Zealand, are influenced by factors such as comparative advantage, industrial situation, and local market demand, as aligned with the industrial development stage of ASEAN countries.
Research Implications - Despite the RCEP agreement, Korea appears inclined to enhance trade, particularly with less developed ASEAN countries, in order to offset solidifications within the domestic industry, high wages, and intensifying competition with China. In addition, except for the electronics industry, Korea’s contribution to the expansion of ASEAN market demand is limited. To foster a global value chain in ASEAN and broaden the ASEAN market, Korea needs to focus on product diversification targeting lower-income groups that share characteristics similar to those found at bottom of the pyramid, and establish systematic economic cooperation with other ASEAN countries which are not yet prepared for industrialization for sustainable economic development.
A Comparative Analysis of the Export Determinants of Korea’s Major Industries Using a Gravity Model
Authors:   The Korea International Trade Research Institute, Park Hyun-Hee
Published: January 2024

Purpose - This study aims to derive export determinants for each major industry in Korea using a gravity model, and through this, suggest factors affecting the competitiveness of each industry.
Design/Methodology/Approach - Using a gravity model, this study used annual data from 1995 to 2022 and conducted a panel analysis on the top 10 major export destination countries of Korea. The industries to be analyzed were agricultural and fishery products, chemical industrial products, iron and metal products, machinery, and electronic products.
Findings - As a result of analyzing Korea’s major export determinants by industry using a gravity model, it was found that the per capita GDP (PGDP), which can determine the income size of the other country, gross national income (GNI) of the other country, and the population of the trading partner (POP), which can determine the size of the economy, had a positive (+) effect on chemical industrial products and machinery, and the distance variable showed negative effects on all industries except machinery.
Research Implications - The larger the income and economy of Korea’s major trading partners, the greater the impact on exports. However, it was analyzed that the conclusion of an FTA had a positive (+) effect on agricultural, forestry, and fisheries products and steel and metal products, and the economic growth rate of trading partners had a positive effect on machinery and electronic products. The analysis results suggest that there are differences in export determinants by major industry, which requires an approach of customized export strategies by industry.
Investigation of the properties of high-strength fibers by methods of physico-chemical analysis
Authors: Cheblakova E. G. , Kleusov B. S. , Sapozhnikov V. I. , Gorina V. A. , Malinina Yu. A. , Gareev A. R.
Published: January 2024

The carbon fiber (CF) of UMT 49-12K-ER grade, manufactured by Alabuga-Volokno LLC (Umatex JSC), was the subject of an extensive study. This investigation encompassed an analysis of its physico-chemical properties. The interplanar dimensions and chemical composition of the CF were determined using X-ray diffraction and atomic emission spectroscopy. Surface properties of the CF, including specific surface area and pore size distribution, were investigated through nitrogen adsorption. The BET specific surface area was measured at 0.29 m2/g. The volume of mesopores and their size distribution were calculated using the Barrett, Joyner, and Halenda method. Additionally, an analysis of surface functional groups was conducted through a back titration method. It was observed that there was no presence of carboxyl, phenolic, or carbonyl groups. The diffraction patterns were processed with a two-component profile description model. The results of atomic emission spectral analysis revealed that silicon compounds were the dominant impurities in the chemical composition of the CF. Further investigations determined that, in an inert environment, the epoxy coupling agent used to enhance the performance properties of this CF undergoes thermal decomposition at temperatures of 300–400 °C. The CF itself does not experience weight loss when heated up to 950 °C. It was also discovered that this CF ignites in the presence of oxygen at temperatures exceeding 550 °C, surpassing the thresholds noted in previous publications for carbon fibers without such specialized additives. The results of this research have suggested new methodologies for studying carbon fibers.
In situ study of mechanical properties and structural transformations during heating of WC–TaC–Co cemented carbides in a transmission electron microscope column
Authors: Zaitsev A. A. , Loginov P. A. , Levashov E. A.
Published: January 2024

This study investigated the hardness of lamella with varying thickness, obtained from a massive, fine-grained cemented carbide comprising WC–6 %Co–0.2 %TaC, characterized by an average grain size of approximately 5 μm. The picoindentation method was employed for this analysis. Picoindentation was carried out using a Berkovich diamond indenter with a radius of curvature around 50 nm, and the experimental data were analyzed using the Oliver–Pharr model. The results revealed a significant correlation between hardness and lamella thickness. The hardness of the electron transparent section (thickness less than 100 nm) of the lamella measured 11.3±2.8 GPa, while the electron nontransparent section (thickness more than 200 nm) exhibited a hardness of 20.8±1.2 GPa. The lower hardness in electron transparent objects (thickness ~100 nm) is likely attributed to a combination of factors, including the potential bending of thin cobalt layers, the presence of edge effect, and closely spaced structural defect dislocations on the lamella surface. In situ TEM studies were conducted to examine structural transformations during the heating of WC–6 %Co–0.2 %TaC lamella, including in the presence of oxide phases (WOx ). Oxide phases on the lamella’s surface were generated by oxidizing the lamella at 200 °C in an air atmosphere. The results indicated that heating up to 500 °C did not bring about significant changes in the structure. However, at 600 °C, there was a notable thinning of cobalt layers due to intense surface diffusion of cobalt. Simultaneously, the formation of nanosized particles of the Co3W3C phase, ranging in size from 5 to 20 nm, was observed in the binder.  These particles resulted from a shift in the equilibrium phase composition of the carbide, changing from a two phase region (WC + γ) to a three phase region (WC + γ + Co3W3C) as a consequence of the lamella’s oxidation.
History of success. To the 90th anniversary of the birth of V.N. Antsiferov
Authors: Antsiferova I. V. , Oglezneva S. A. , Antsiferova A. S.
Published: January 2024

Article for the 90th anniversary of Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences Vladimir Nikitovich Antsiferov is dedicated to the stages of development of a scientist, the history of the creation of the largest Scientific Center for Powder Materials Science in Russia, and the achievements of his scientific school. The activities of V.N. Antsiferov as director of the Scientific Center, professor and head of the department of the Perm National Research Polytechnic University is shown, as well as the most important scientific developments of the scientist and the team he leads in the field of powder metallurgy and materials science for the aerospace complex, mechanical and instrument engineering, oil production, medicine and other industries.
The Establishment of the Institute of Cassation Appeal in Russia
Authors: Nepomnyashchikh Larisa
Published: January 2024

Understanding the essence of the Russian institute of cassation proceedings in the criminal process, which is now undergoing another reform, is impossible without researching its establishment and historical development. The author studies the mechanism of the cassation revision of court decisions taken during criminal court proceedings, and the structure of the norms in the Charter of Criminal Proceedings adopted on Nov. 20, 1864 referring to criminal proceedings in the court of cassation, together with the specific and characteristic features typical of the criminal process in the pre-Soviet period.
Effect of chemical, mineralogical, and petrographic properties on the grindability of a South African Highveld coal
Authors: Matjie R. , Bunt J. , Goosen A. , Mphahlele K. , Uwaoma R.
Published: January 2024

Coal properties that are associated with wear and damage of grinding equipment during pulverization prior to combustion were investigated. A South African Highveld feed coal and its beneficiated fractions were crushed to <1 >0.25 mm particles for the grindability tests. These particles were milled and screened into <75 µm and >75 um fractions, which were analysed by different techniques to establish a correlation with the conventional Hardgrove Grindability Index (HGI). The <1.5 g.cm-3 float fraction, which contained 93 vol.% (mineral matter free) total -macerals, 9% kaolinite, and had the lowest HGI (57) (hardest to grind) was pulverized for 15, 30, 60, and 120 minutes for particle size distribution analysis. This analysis indicated that the content of <75 um particles increases with increased grinding time. The >1.9 g.cm-3 sink fraction, with the highest HGI (76), 44% kaolinite, and 20 vol.% total macerals, was ground easily to generate the highest proportion of <75 um particles. Based on higher correlation coefficients (R2 = 0.77-0.91), the ash yield, mineral matter, petrographic composition, and fixed-carbon have significant effects on the HGI. Conversely, the inherent moisture and total sulphur (R2 = 0.48-0.62) have only minor effects on the HGI. Results from this investigation could be implemented in the preparation of a suitable pulverized fuel with little equipment wear, as well as utilizing mineralogical and petrographic compositions. Finally, the effect of microlithotypes and maceral types in South African feed coals on the HGI should be investigated in further pulverization and grindability studies.
Copper solvent extraction on the African Copperbelt: From historic origins to world-leading status
Authors: Tinkler O.S. , Sole K.C.
Published: January 2024

Approximately 20% of current world copper cathode output is produced using a hydrometallurgical process route, generally referred to as the leach-solvent extraction-electrowinning flowsheet. Since its commercialization in the late 1960s, steady improvements in the performance and efficiency of the solvent-extraction reagents and equipment, combined with significant developments in leaching and electrowinning, have made an ever-widening range of ore types amenable to this technology. Following successful implementation on all major continents, a large proportion of growth in recent years derives from the re-emergence of copper solvent extraction in the Central African Copperbelt. This review provides a brief history of the development and evolution of copper solvent extractants and mixer-settler contactors, and the significance of the Copperbelt region in achieving commercialization and acceptance of the technology. The opportunities and challenges presented by the abundant high-grade oxide ores of the Copperbelt are contrasted with the processing of solutions derived from the low-grade mixed oxide-sulfide ore bodies that are prevalent in other geological regions. The current status of hydrometallurgical copper production in the African Copperbelt, within a global context, and a medium-term outlook for the technology are discussed.
Daily motivational underpinnings and outcomes of adolescent video gaming
Authors:   , Razum Josip
Published: January 2024

Many adolescents spend a significant amount of daily time playing video games. Although only a minority are problematic gamers, adolescents are still a group which could be vulnerable to the influence of video games. At the same time, gaming could be a positive force in their development. Several previous approaches were used in investigating the relationship between adolescent gaming and well-being and sleep, but they only explored a part of the picture. This study approached the issue from the perspective of the Self Determination Theory (SDT), which enabled a holistic study of both gaming motivation and the effects of gaming. It used the daily diary methodology and investigated within person relationships, which brings several advantages (e.g., reduced retrospective bias) and is unique in the field. The aim of this study was to examine the relations between basic psychological needs and gaming and between gaming and well-being and sleep. Two pilot studies were conducted first and then the main daily diary study was conducted on a sample of adolescent gamers (final N=125), who played video games every day (92% male, 4% female, 4% did not identify). The participants first filled in a baseline questionnaire and then filled in daily morning and evening questionnaires for eight consecutive days. The data were analysed by using Multilevel Structural Equation Modelling (MSEM). Results showed that the daily experienced real-life basic psychological need satisfaction and frustration was crucial in predicting the daily well-being of adolescent gamers. In-game need satisfaction contributed to their daily vitality, i.e., the feeling of energy and aliveness, and it contributed to the daily positive consequences of video games. On days when they felt real-life need frustration, the gamers actually played less video games. Once need based experiences were considered, gaming time did not contribute to neither well-being nor sleep, only gaming after midnight was weakly related to sleep quality. These results imply that real-life need-based experiences of adolescent gamers are crucial for their well-being, but they can also benefit from in-game need satisfaction. In other words, if they have positive need experiences in their life outside gaming, gaming could be an additional positive force in lives of many adolescent gamers.