bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KDD NA AVALIAÇÃO DA USABILIDADE DO PRONTUÁRIO ELETRÔNICO DO PACIENTE POR PROFISSIONAIS DA ENFERMAGEM
Authors: Lopes Vagner José , Carvalho Deborah Ribeiro , Lahm Janaína Verônica
Published: March 2017

Pesquisa exploratória, com abordagem quantitativa realizada em um hospital do município de Cascavel – Paraná, com objetivo de avaliar a usabilidade do Prontuário Eletrônico do Paciente, a partir da Mineração de Dados. Foi adotada a base de dados resultante da pesquisa de satisfação sobre um módulo específico para a equipe de enfermagem, integrado ao software de gestão hospitalar Tasy®, considerando dois grupos profissionais: enfermeiros; técnicos de enfermagem e auxiliares de enfermagem. A pesquisa original já havia identificado, a partir de estatísticas básicas, algumas dificuldades: falta de conhecimento para o manuseio do Prontuário Eletrônico do Paciente, bem como sobre os comandos específicos para o desenvolvimento da tarefa avaliada. A partir dos padrões descobertos, pela Mineração de Dados foi possível identificar dificuldades complementares: a falta de conhecimento básico em informática, a ausência de treinamentos e capacitação para adequação da tarefa que facilitem o seu uso.
Tantas verdades: os discursos científicos na construção social do ambiente
Authors: Campregher Raiza , Martins Rodrigo Constante
Published: March 2017

A Represa do Broa, no interior do estado de São Paulo, é um pequeno reservatório para produção de energia hidrelétrica, utilizado também para recreação e turismo, e como laboratório a céu aberto para pesquisas na área de limnologia e engenharia hidráulica. O artigo em tela tem como objetivo compreender a produção de discursos científicos sobre a represa, bem como os efeitos específicos de poder desses discursos junto a outras esferas sociais, como a imprensa local.
Evolução da população rural ocupada nas Grandes Regiões do Brasil entre 2001 e 2009
Authors: Telles Tiago Santos , Costa Gustavo Vaz da , Bacchi Matheus Demambre , Laurenti Antonio Carlos
Published: March 2017

O presente estudo teve por objetivo analisar a evolução da população economicamente ativa (PEA) ocupada, por situação de domicílio, sobretudo rural, em setor de atividade, agrícola e não agrícola, nas Grandes Regiões do Brasil, entre 2001 e 2009. Verificou-se um declínio da PEA rural ocupada em atividades agrícolas nas Grandes Regiões consideradas no estudo. Todavia esta redução foi mais do que compensada pela expansão da PEA rural ocupada em atividades não agrícolas, levando ao aumento da PEA rural.
Metodologias participativas e desenvolvimento local: a experiência do Projeto Dom Hélder Câmara no assentamento Moacir Lucena
Authors: Morais Josiani Alves , Fernandes Callou Angelo Brás
Published: March 2017

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as metodologias participativas do Projeto Dom Hélder Câmara (PDHC), no assentamento Moacir Lucena, no Rio Grande do Norte. Os resultados revelaram que as metodologias participativas utilizadas pelo PDHC possibilitaram um avanço na participação dos agricultores nos aspectos sociais e econômicos do assentamento, com reflexos positivos nos processos de desenvolvimento local da comunidade em Moacir Lucena.
As Categorias da Psicologia Social Comunitária como Dispositivo para a Construção das Práticas no SUS
Authors: Bittencourt Silveira Katia Gregório , De Lima Dias Maria Sara
Published: March 2017

Buscou-se evidenciar a importância das categorias de Psicologia Social Comunitária para a construção das práticas no âmbito do SUS. É preciso compreender que um conceito ampliado de saúde envolve a questão da prevenção e do atendimento integral do sujeito. Foi utilizado como método a revisão, análise e discussão da literatura sobre o tema. Inicia-se com o histórico do SUS em que se apresenta seu marco regulatório de forma hierarquizada desde a Conferência de Saúde; a seguir apresentam-se algumas das categorias da Psicologia Social Comunitária. Considera-se fundamental aos atores sociais que se dedicam à saúde pública conhecer as categorias que visam à autonomia como empowerment, conscientização, processos de participação e fortalecimento. Tais categorias podem ser dispositivos para a construção das práticas do psicólogo e ser norteadoras do modelo de atuação profissional preconizado pelo SUS.
A Study on English Language Education in Rural Schools of India: The Situation, the Policy and the Curriculum
Authors: Khan Md. Nazeer Hussain
Published: March 2017

The language policy in school education emerged as a political and social consensus, though established equality among the languages in school education, is somehow heading for a competitive bi / multilingualism in which the English language is (perceived to be) over taking Indian languages. On the contrary the quality of English language education in majority of Indian schools presents a very appalling picture. Teacher’s language proficiency, exposure to language and materials are major concerns for quality English language learning. An analysis of curricular statements and syllabi of the states of Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Mizoram, Manipur and Nagaland reveals how planning for language in education is not looked at holistically in terms of basic assumptions about language learning / acquisition (how language learning takes place), learner profiles and the contexts in which learning takes place, and the recent developments in language learning-teaching. Most states refuse to move beyond the good old structural approach of the 1950s and the 60s, while they stress for communication skills to help the learner for an upward movement. This, in reality, reveals the paradoxical situations of an English language education which would further place the rural learner in a very disadvantaged situation.
There are so many curricular packages in the Andhra Pradesh to reach the goals. English will continue to dominate the school curriculum not only as a language, but as a medium of learning too. Given the important roles to English in education and in the larger society (Tickoo 1996), this will have greater implications for language education, particularly English language education in rural settings. While some of our native languages are losing their battle for survival where English is taking the ‘killer’ role and the curricular documents calling for collaborative bi-/multilingualism, what in reality felt is subtractive bilingualism? This dangerous trend may lead to mass conversion to English medium instruction in our schools, both urban and rural schools. We must ensure that English as a language in education is fully realized in terms of the basic conditions for learning the language and those educated through native medium schools attain the proficiency that would not hamper them to move forward to higher education and employment any other urban English medium educated child would compete.
Aromatic Plants: Antioxidant Capacity and Polyphenol Characterisation
Authors: Proestos Charalampos , Varzakas Theo
Published: March 2017

The antioxidant properties and polyphenol content of some selected aromatic plants grown in Greece were studied. Plants were refluxed with 60% methanol after acid hydrolysis. The phenolic substances were quantified by HPLC-DAD. The antioxidant capacity of the extracts was determined with the Rancimat test using sunflower oil as substrate. Free radical scavenging activity was measured using the stable free radical 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Results were compared with standard BHT and ascorbic acid. Total phenol concentration of the extracts was estimated with Folin-Ciocalteu reagent using gallic acid as standard.
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND Α -AMYLASE INHIBITORY POTENTIAL OF ROSA CANINA L
Authors: Jemaa` Houda Ben , Jemia Amani Ben , Khlifi Sarra , Ahmed Halima Ben , Slama Fethi Ben , Benzarti Anis , Elati Jalila , Aouidet Abdallah
Published: March 2017

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common endocrinal disorders and medicinal plants continue to play an important role in the management of this disease. In this study, Rosa canina was investigated for the antioxidant and α-amylase inhibition activities.

Materials and Methods: Methanolic extract of Rosa canina was investigated for its potential antioxidant activity. The extracts' total phenolic and flavonoid contents and scavenging capacity for free radicals were evaluated. The α-amylase inhibition assay was also carried.

Results: Rosa canina extract exhibits a total Phenolic and flavonoid levels respectively (21.918 mg GAE/g and 2.647mg ER/g). The free radical scavenging activity was found to be prominent against DPPH with an IC50 of 0.668 mg/ml and against ABTS with an IC50 of 0.467 mg/ml. Extract showed a significant ferric ion reducing activities with an IC50 of4.962 mg/ml.

Conclusion: Rosa canina exerted a higher inhibitory activity against α-amylase. The obtained results support the antidiabetic use of rosa canina.
EVALUATION OF THE CHELATING EFFECT OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF CORIANDRUM SATIVUM AND ITS FRACTIONS ON WISTAR RATS POISONED WITH LEAD ACETATE
Authors: TÃ©llez-LÃ³pez Miguel Ãngel , Mora-Tovar Gabriela , Ceniceros-MÃ©ndez Iromi Marlen , GarcÃ­a-Lujan ConcepciÃ³n , Puente-Valenzuela Cristo Omar , Vega-Menchaca MarÃ­a del Carmen , Serrano-Gallardo Luis BenjamÃ­n , Garza RubÃ©n GarcÃ­a , MorÃ¡n-MartÃ­nez Javier
Published: March 2017

Background: The rate of lead poisoning has decreased in recent years due to increased health control in industries that use this metal.

However, it is still a public health problem worldwide. The use of various plants with chelating properties has been a topic of research

today. In traditional medicine, it is said that Coriandrum sativum has chelating properties, but there is no scientific evidence to support

this fact. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the chelating effect of methanol extract of coriander and its fractions on Wistar

rats intoxicated with lead.

Materials and Methods: In this research, male Wistar rats were poisoned with 50 mg/kg of lead acetate and treated with 50 mg/kg of

methanol extract and its fractions. The extract and its fractions were administered to four treatment groups. Positive and negative

controls were established. Hemoglobin, hematocrit and lead concentrations were analyzed; liver was evaluated histologically in

control and treatment groups.

Results: The methanol extract of coriander presented a LD50 ˃1000 mg/dL. The group administered with the methanol extract showed

significant difference in the levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit compared to the negative control group. Lead concentration in

treatment groups showed a decrease compared to the positive control. Histological evaluation of tissue showed less damage in groups

administered with methanolic extract and its fractions compared to the positive control which presented structural alterations.

Conclusion: Coriander extracts protect liver and lower lead concentration in rats intoxicated with lead in contrast to the positive

control group.
MOXIBUSTION ALLEVIATES GASTRIC PRECANCEROUS LESIONS IN RATS BY PROMOTING CELL APOPTOSIS AND INHIBITING PROLIFERATION-RELATED ONCOGENES
Authors: Peng Li , Xie Yu-feng , Wang Chen-guang , Wu Huan-gan , Liu Mi , Wang Ya-dong , Ma Fu-qiang , Chang Xiao-rong , Yang Zong-bao
Published: March 2017

Background: It is well known that gastric mucosa dysplasia and intestinal metaplasia are gastric precancerous lesions (GPL).

Moxibustion treatment of Liangmen (ST21) and Zusanli (ST36) alleviated the inflammatory response and dysplasia of gastric

mucosa in our previous study. The purpose of this study was to further examine the underlying mechanism of moxibustion

treatment of ST21 and ST36 on GPL.

Materials and Methods: Sixty SD rats were divided into five groups and rats with GPL were treated with either moxibustion

(ST), moxibustion (Sham), or vitacoenzyme. B-cell lymphoma 2 (bcl-2), tumor protein p53 (P53) and cellular Myc (C-MYC),

which are related to cell apoptosis, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF),

argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region proteins (Ag-NORs), which are associated with cell proliferation, and cell signaling

proteins, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and phosphorylated extracellular signal

regulated kinase (p-ERK), were measured after moxibustion treatment.

Results: Compared with Control group, gastric mucosa in GPL group showed abnormal mucosal proliferation and pathological

mitotic figure, the mRNA expression of bcl-2, P53 and C-MYC increased significantly (P < 0.01), the protein expression of

PCNA, VEGF, Ag-NORs and the activity of NF-κB as well as EGFR/ERK signaling proteins also increased significantly (P <

0.01). Moxibustion treatment decreased gastric mucosal proliferation and pathological mitotic figure, down-regulated the mRNA

expression of bcl-2, P53, C-MYC (P < 0.01), decreased the protein expression of PCNA, VEGF, Ag-NORs and the activity of

NF-κB as well as EGFR/ERK signaling proteins significantly (P < 0.01). But moxibustion treatment of Sham didn’t show the

same effect on GPL.

Conclusion: Moxibustion treatment inhibited cell apoptosis and reduced gastric mucosa dysplasia by inhibiting the expression of

bcl-2, P53, C-MYC and decreased the activity of NF-κB as well as EGFR/ERK signaling proteins.
SIGNALING PATHWAYS REGULATED BY BRASSICACEAE EXTRACT INHIBIT THE FORMATION OF ADVANCED GLYCATED END PRODUCTS IN RAT BRAIN
Authors: Al-Malki Abdulrahman L. , Barbour Elie K. , Huwait EA , Moselhy Said S. , Saeed ALZahrani Anas Hassan , Kumosani Taha A.
Published: March 2017

Background: The goal of this study was identification signaling molecules mediated the formation of AGEs in brain of

rats injected with CdCl2 and the role of camel whey proteins and Brassicaceae extract on formation of AGEs in brain.

Methods: Ninety male rats were randomly grouped into five groups; Normal control (GpI) and the other rats (groups

II-V) were received a single dose of cadmium chloride i.p (5 μg/kg/b.w) for induction of neurodegeneration. Rats in

groups III-V were treated daily with whey protein (1g/kg b.w) or Brassicaceae extract (1mg/kg b.w) or combined

respectively for 12 weeks.

Results: It was found that whey protein combined with Brassicaceae extract prevented the formation of AGEs and

enhance the antioxidant activity compared with untreated group (p
IN VITRO EFFICACY OF EXTRACTS FROM PLANTS USED BY SMALL-HOLDER FARMERS IN THE TREATMENT OF DERMATOPHILOSIS IN CATTLE
Authors: Ndhlovu Daud N , Masika Patrick J
Published: March 2017

Background: Bovine dermatophilosis, an important skin disease of cattle caused by Dermatophilus congolensis,

negatively impacts the livelihoods of small-holder farmers in Zimbabwe. This impact is through, morbidity, loss of

draught animal power, costs incurred to manage the disease, losses associated with devalued damaged hides and the

resultant culling of some of the affected cattle. Due to the inaccessibility of conventional drugs to manage bovine

dermatophilosis, farmers have been reported to use local medicinal plants to manage the disease. The aim of the study

was to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activities of three plants that small-holder farmers in Zimbabwe used to

manage bovine dermatophilosis.

Methods: Dried plant materials were ground into powder and extracted individually using, water, 80 % acetone and 80

% methanol. The antimicrobial properties of the plants were evaluated against two Gram-negative (Escherichia coli

and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and one Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) reference bacterial strains. They were

further evaluated against a field isolate of Dermatophilus congolensis. The assays used were the disc diffusion,

minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC).

Results: Acetone and methanol extracts had superior inhibitory activities than did those of water. Pterocarpus

angolensis DC extracts had better inhibitory properties with absolute MIC values of 0.156 – 5 mg/ml, Cissus

Quadrangularis L had MIC values in the range 0.156 – 5 mg/ml while that of Catunaregam spinosa Thunb, Terveng

was 0.156 – 10 mg/ml. Dermatophilus congolensis was more sensitive to Pterocarpus angolensis DC average MIC =

0.63 mg/ml than to Cissus quadrangularis L average MIC = 1.25 mg/ml and Catunaregam. spinosa Thunb, Terveng

average MIC = 2.08 mg/ml.

Conclusion: These results suggest the potential antibacterial activities of extracts of the three plants and hence farmers

are, in a way, justified in using the plants. Better results (lower MIC) could be obtained by extracting and evaluating

pure active compounds of the plants.
WITHAFERIN A INDUCES APOPTOSIS IN RAT C6 GLIOMA CELLS THROUGH REGULATING NF- ΚB NUCLEAR TRANSLOCATION AND ACTIVATION OF CASPASE CASCADE
Authors: Hou Wei-chen , Miao Xiao-hui , Ma Lian-jun , Bai Xiao-xue , Liu Qun , Song Lei
Published: March 2017

Background: The demand for the chemopreventive drug from the plant source is increasing in recent times, owing to

its various biological activities without any adverse effect. The intention of this current study was to examine the antiglioma

effect of Withaferin A (WFA) on C6 glioma cell line model.

Materials and Methods: C6 glioma cells were administrated with different concentration of WFA (50, 100, 200 and

500 μg/mL) and DMSO (control) group to examine its anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic activities.

Results: Treatment with WFA showed a significant decline in the glioma cell count in a dose-dependent manner and

thus proving its anti-proliferative effect. Similarly, inflammatory markers were also substantially lowered upon

treatment with different concentration of WFA. However, DNA fragmentation and apoptotic markers like Caspase-3

and 9 were concomitantly enhanced after co-cultured with different concentration of WFA and thus exhibiting its

cytotoxicity efficacy. Furthermore, the protein expression of Bcl2 and Bax were markedly downregulated and

upregulated respectively; upon treatment with WFA on C6 glioma cells.

Conclusion: The outcome of this study evidently demonstrates that C6 glioma cells co-cultured with increased

concentration of WFA, showed an anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic effect in a dose-dependent

fashion.
HERBAL PRODUCT USE BY THE CANCER PATIENTS IN BOTH THE PRE AND POST SURGERY PERIODS AND DURING CHEMOTHERAPY
Authors: KoÃ§aÅŸlÄ± Sema , Demircan Zehra
Published: March 2017

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate of the use of herbal products in patients in both pre- and postsurgery

periods and during chemotherapy, and to determine the factors behind it.

Materials and Methods: This study was conducted as a descriptive study with 281 patients in 4 centers. The data of

the study were collected by using a survey form prepared by the researcher, depending on literature and interview with

the participants face-to-face.

Results: While the average age of the patients involved in the study is 49.1±12.8, 51.6% of them were females, 34.6%

graduate of elementary school, and 34.5% were housewives. While the prevelance of the use of herbal product prior to

surgical treatment is 38.9%, it was observed that this rate increased to 54.1% during chemotherapy. It was observed

that the most frequently used product was garlic prior to surgical treatment (19.2%), that it was urtica dioica (13.8%)

during chemotherapy. Before the surgical treatment, 94.3% of the patients, and during chemotherapy treatment, 81.7%

of the patients, stated that the use of herbal product had not been questioned by the physician or nurse.

Conclusion: Analysis of the results indicates that health professionals need to obtain information regarding the use of

herbal products by cancer patients during both pre- and post- surgery periods, as well as during chemotherapy. Patients

should be provided with information and guidance about the advantages and disadvantages of using herbal products.
THE USE OF RHEUM PALMATUM L. IN THE TREATMENT OF ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME: A META-ANALYSIS OF RANDOMIZED, CONTROLLED TRIALS
Authors: Yang Tie-zhu , Liu Yan , Liu Yue-Yun , Ding Xiu-Fang , Chen Jia-Xu , Kou Mei-Jing , Zou Xiao-Juan
Published: March 2017

Background: Chinese medicine theory shows that “lung being connected with large intestine”, and the modern western

medicine also shows that the lung and intestinal tract affect each other in physiological and pathological conditions. If

the lung ventilation dysfunction is caused by inflammatory exudate or secretions obstruction of the small airway

ventilation, blood gas partial pressure is increased and intestinal gas absorption difficulty may lead to intestinal

inflation and dysfunction (Wang N et al., 2011). Rheum palmatum L. can play the roles of anti-coagulation and

anti-thrombosis, and improve microcirculation through lowering the endotoxin-induced permeability of microvascular

tissue, reducing tissue oedema, decreasing inflammatory exudation and necrosis, and enhancing cyto-protection

mechanism (Yang TZ et al., 2014). Therefore, systemic evaluation of the evidence pertaining to the usage of Rheum

palmatum L. in treating acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has significant

clinical significance.

Materials and Methods: Various Electronic Databases CBM, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, PubMed and Cochrane Library

were searched until December 2015. Numerous randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy of

Rheum palmatum L. for the treatment of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome were

collected. The quality of the included studies was evaluated and a meta-analysis was performed using the RevMan5.0

software.

Results: Eight RCTs involving 489 patients were selected for this review. The results of the Meta-analysis revealed that

Rheum palmatum L. therapy, combined with routine comprehensive treatment, was significantly superior to that of

routine comprehensive treatment alone, in the areas of decreasing mortality, the mechanical ventilation time, the level

of interleukin-6,8 and the untoward effect, and also in improving arterial blood gas (PaO2/FiO2, PaO2) (P
IN VIVO CARBON TETRACHLORIDE-INDUCED HEPATOPROTECTIVE AND IN VITRO CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITIES OF GARCINIA HOMBRONIANA (SEASHORE MANGOSTEEN)
Authors: Jamila Nargis , Khan Naeem , Khan Amir Atlas , Khan Imran , Khan Sadiq Noor , Zakaria Zainal Amiruddin , Khairuddean Melati , Osman Hasnah , Su Kim Kyong
Published: March 2017

Background: Garcinia hombroniana, known as “manggis hutan” (jungle mangosteen) in Malaysia, is distributed in

tropical Asia, Borneo, Thailand, Andaman, Nicobar Islands, Vietnam and India. In Malaysia, its ripened crimson sour

fruit rind is used as a seasoning agent in curries and culinary dishes. Its roots and leaves decoction is used against skin

infections and after child birth. This study aimed to evaluate in vivo hepatoprotective and in vitro cytotoxic activities of

20% methanolic ethyl acetate (MEA) G. hombroniana bark extract.

Materials and Methods: In hepatoprotective activity, liver damage was induced by treating rats with 1.0 mL carbon

tetrachloride (CCl4)/kg and MEA extract was administered at a dose of 50, 250 and 500 mg/kg 24 h before intoxication

with CCl4. Cytotoxicity study was performed on MCF-7 (human breast cancer), DBTRG (human glioblastoma), PC-3

(human prostate cancer) and U2OS (human osteosarcoma) cell lines. 1H, 13C-NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance), and

IR (infrared) spectral analyses were also conducted for MEA extract.

Results: In hepatoprotective activity evaluation, MEA extract at a higher dose level of 500 mg/kg showed significant

(p
JIEYUANSHEN DECOCTION EXERTS ANTIDEPRESSANT EFFECTS ON DEPRESSIVE RAT MODEL VIA REGULATING HPA AXIS AND THE LEVEL OF AMINO ACIDS NEUROTRANSMITTER
Authors: Qiuxia Zhang , Xinlong Ma , Yilong Yang , Hui Zhao , Yali Wang , Xiaoquan Yao , Lei Wang , Jiahui Chang , Haiyan Zou
Published: March 2017

Background: Jieyuanshen decoction (JYAS-D) - a traditional Chinese medicine was invented by Professor Nie based

on classic formulas, chaihu jia longgu muli decoction has been proved as having favorable curative effects on

depression in clinical practices. The aim of this study was to investigate the antidepressant effects and its molecular

mechanism of JYAS-D.

Materials and Methods: The model of depression was established by Chronic Unpredictable Stress. Different doses

(8.2 g/kg, 16.3 g/kg, 32.7 g/kg) of JYAS-D was orally administered; Fluoxetine was orally administered with 10mg/kg.

All treatments lasted for 28 days. Sucrose preference and open-field tests were adopted to observe the behavior of rats.

OPA (ortho-phthalaldehyde) derivatization method was used to detect the contents of amino acid neurotransmitter. RIA

(Radiation immunity analysis) method was used to measure the serum concentrations of CORT (Corticosterone),

ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic hormone) and CRH (Corticotropin-releasing hormone). ELISA (Enzyme linked

immunosorbent assay) method was adopted to examine the contents of Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and

Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) in hippocampus.

Results: Compared with the model group, sucrose preference was increased in all treatment groups. The concentration

of serum CORT was reduced in the middle dose of JYAS-D and control groups; the concentration of serum ACTH was

reduced in the low and high-dose of JYAS-D; the concentration of serum CRH was reduced in the middle and

high-dose of JYAS-D. The content of hippocampus GR was increased in the middle and high-dose of JYAS-D; the

content of hippocampus Glu (Glutamic acid) was reduced among the low, middle and high-dose of JYAS-D and

fluoxetine group, the ratio of Glu/γ-GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid was reduced in the low and high-dose of JYAS-D.

Conclusion: JYAS-D had a significant antidepressant-like effect on rat model through regulating serum concentration

of CORT, ACTH and CRH, increasing the content of hippocampus GR and regulating the equilibrium of amino acids

neurotransmitter.
EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF BAN HUANG ORAL LIQUID FOR TREATING BOVINE RESPIRATORY DISEASES
Authors: Li Bing , Zhou Xu-Zheng , Niu Jian-Rong , Wei Xiao-Juan , Li Jian-Yong , Yang Ya-Jun , Liu Xi-Wang , Cheng Fu-Sheng , Zhang Ji-Yu
Published: March 2017

Background: Ban Huang oral liquid was developed as a veterinary compound preparation by the Lanzhou Institute of

Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS). The purpose of

this study was to determine whether the oral liquid preparation of traditional Chinese medicine, Ban Huang, is safe and

effective for treating respiratory diseases in cattle.

Materials and Methods: Acute oral toxicity experiments were conducted in Wistar rats and Kunming mice via oral

administration. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the drug against Mycoplasma bovis in vitro with the double

dilution method was 500 mg/mL, indicating good sensitivity. The results of laboratory pathogen testing, analysis of

clinical symptoms, and analysis of pathological anatomy were combined to diagnose bovine respiratory diseases in 147

Simmental cattle caused by mixed infections of M. bovis, bovine respiratory syncytial virus, bovine parainfluenza virus

type 3, and Mannheimia haemolytica. These cattle were randomly divided into three groups: drug treatment group 1

(treated via Tilmicosin injection), drug treatment group 2 (treated with Shuang Huang Lian oral liquid combined with

Tilmicosin injection), and drug treatment group 3 (treated with Ban Huang oral liquid combined with Tilmicosin

injection). Treatment effects were observed within 7 days.

Results: The results showed no toxicity and a maximum tolerated dose greater than 20 g/kg BW. For the 87 cattle in

drug-treatment group, the cure rate was 90.80%, whereas the response rate was 94.25%. The cure rate of drug treatment

group was increased by 14.13% in comparison with that of drug control group 1 and by 7.47% in comparison with that

of drug control group 2 (both P < 0.05).

Conclusion: This study demonstrates that Ban Huang oral liquid is a safe and effective treatment for bovine respiratory

diseases, especially for mixed infection caused by M. bovis, bacteria, and viruses.
COGNITIVE-ENHANCING PROPERTIES OF MORINDA LUCIDA (RUBIACEAE) AND PELTOPHORUM PTEROCARPUM (FABACEAE) IN SCOPOLAMINE-INDUCED AMNESIC MICE
Authors: Taiwo O Elufioye , Halimah A. Hameed
Published: March 2017

Background: Cognitive disorders associated with aging have been successfully managed by African traditional

medical practitioners using various plants. This study evaluated the cognitive enhancing potentials of Morinda lucida

(L) Rubiaceae and Peltophorum pterocarpum (DC) ex. K Heyne in scopolamine induced amnesic animals.

Materials and Methods: The anti-amnesic activity of the ethyl acetate extracts of Morinda lucida and Peltophorum

pterocarpum at doses of 4 mg/kg, 6 mg/kg and 8 mg/kg were assessed in scopolamine induced amnesic mice using

Morris water maze test model. Effect of the extracts on the histology of the hippocampus was also evaluated.

Results: The ethyl acetate extract of Morinda lucida and Peltophorum pterocarpum ameliorated scopolamine induced

memory deficit in the animals under study. There was no effect of the extract on the histology of the hippocampus.

However, there was an increase in the density of cells in the hippocampus of treated group as compared to the

untreated.

Conclusion: Morinda lucida and Peltophorum pterocarpum showed considerable enhancement of cognition in

scopolamine induced amnesic mice.
IN VITRO CHEMO-PREVENTATIVE ACTIVITY OF STRELITZIA NICOLAI ARIL EXTRACT CONTAINING BILIRUBIN
Authors: Dwarka Depika , Thaver Veneesha , Naidu Mickey , Koorbanally Neil A. , Baijnath Himansu
Published: March 2017

Background: The discovery of the only animal pigment, bilirubin, in the plant Strelitzia nicolai has triggered a vast

number of questions regarding bilirubin’s formation and its role in the human body. Recent studies have confirmed that

bilirubin at certain levels have many medical benefits. Various case studies have revealed that bilirubin is a potent

antioxidant. Cervical cancer is one of South Africa’s largest womens’ health crises. It is estimated that it affects one out

of 41 South African women and kills approximately 8 women in the country every day. Thus, the aim of this study was

to investigate if the aril extract of Strelitzia nicolai (Regel and Körn.) containing bilirubin possesses anti-cancer activity

and to determine its effect on the induction of apoptosis.

Materials and methods: The DPPH activity was firstly used to determine the antioxidant effect of the extract.

Thereafter, the cytotoxic effect was tested using the XTT assay. Apoptosis was confirmed and quantified using the

Annexin V-PE kit and the morphology was studied using acridine orange and ethidium bromide. Results: The aril

extract decreased cell viability by 52% and induced apoptosis in HeLa cells; as shown by the Annexin V-PE Apoptosis

detection kit and morphological studies with acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining. Conclusion: The activity of

the extract as a potent antioxidant was immensely enhanced as compared to the bilirubin standard. These results

suggest that S. nicolai aril extract containing bilirubin works synergistically as opposed to bilirubin on its own.

Furthermore, this extract might be a good candidate for the therapeutic intervention of cervical cancer.
STUDIES ON CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF BIOACTIVE MOLECULES FROM DATE PALM (PHOENIX DACTYLIFERA L.) POLLENS AND SEEDS
Authors: Bentrad Najla , Gaceb-Terrak Rabéa , Benmalek Yamina , Rahmania Fatma
Published: March 2017

traditions as alternative medicines. The chemical profiling of some plant extracts and essential oils related to different

plants were followed to unveil their most active components. In this paper, Phoenix dactilyfera L was selected as a host

plant to investigate the composition of different organs with different cultivars.

Materials and method: The antibacterial and antifungal activities of the extracts have been tested using different

techniques, including optical density and GC/MS analyses of the natural extracts.

Results: GC/MS analysis revealed the presence of abundant oleic (36.69%) and lauric (20.49%) acids in date seeds.

However,the pollen contains a high amount of palmitic (22.27 %), linoleic (33.4%) and linolenic (17.055%) acids.

Moreover, the largest inhibition zone is obtained with the organic extract of Deglet Nour which showed a strong

antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and pollen extract showed also a strong inhibition against Escherichia

coli, Staphylococcus aureus, S. aureus MRSA and Enterococcus faecalis. Aqueous extracts of date palm seeds of and

pollen seem to have a fongitoxique activity from a concentration of 6 mg.mL-1 and 12mg.mL-1 of cyanidine; as well as

the organic extracts of pollen with a concentration of 90 μg.mL-1 induce an inhibition to the growth of five special

forms of Fusarium oxysporum.

Conclusion: The bioactive compounds of date palm can be used for drug development and in the food industry.
PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF COMPOUND ARNEBIAE RADIX MICROEMULSION GEL
Authors: Chen Jing , He Yanping , Gao Ting , Zhang Licheng , Zhao Yuna
Published: March 2017

Background: Compound Arnebiae radix oil has been clinically applied to treat burns and scalds for a long time.

However, it is unstable and inconvenient to use. The aim of this study was to prepare a compound Arnebiae radix

microemulsion gel for transdermal delivery system and evaluate its characteristics.

Materials and Methods: Based on the solubility of Shikonin, the active component of Arnebiae radix and the results

of phase studies, adequate ratio of each component in microemulsion was determined. The optimized microemulsion

gel was prepared using Carbomer 940. The gels were characterized in terms of appearance, preliminary stability test

and the content of Shikonin in the compound Arnebiae radix microemulsion gel with HPLC analysis.

Results: The optimized conditions for preparing microemulsion were Tween-80, glycerin, isopropyl myristate (IPM)

with the ratio of 6:3:2. The optimal microemulsion gel was obtained with Carbomer 940 (1.0%).

Conclusion: The prepared compound Arnebiae radix microemulsion gel showed good stability over time. It is more

convenience in application than the previous used formulations.
EVALUATION OF CRUDE FLAXSEED (Linum usitatissimum L.) OIL IN BURN WOUND HEALING IN NEW ZEALAND RABBITS
Authors: Beroual Katiba , Agabou Amir , Abdeldjelil Mohamed-Cherif , Boutaghane Naima , Haouam Saïd , Hamdi-Pacha Youcef
Published: March 2017

Background: Burns are among the most prevalent injuries in humans with high cost in health care and heavy

prolonged or permanent physical, psychological and social consequences. Commercial antimicrobial creams and

dressing agents are unsuccessful in healing deep burn wounds.

Materials and Methods: A study was conducted to assess the impact of crude linseed oil (LSO) topical application on

burn wounds healing in rabbits in comparison with untreated wounds (NAT) and those treated with Vaseline gel

(VAG) and Cicatryl-Bio ointment (CBO). By the 28th day post burning, skin biopsies were analyzed for histological

and cytological lesions. The presence of various bioactive phytochemical groups in linseed was also screened.

Results: Phytochemical screening has resulted in high concentrations of flavonoids and terpenoids, low amounts of

catechic tannins and total absence of alkaloids and saponosides. All along the trial, the rate of wounds contraction was

found to be significantly higher in burns treated with LSO which had also a significant shorter healing period (26±5.89

days) as compared to the other treatments. LSO healed wounds included less inflammatory cells, complete epithelium

regeneration with a reduced thickness of the new formed dermis, discreet fibrosis, enhanced neo-vascularization,

increased number of collagen fibers, fibroblasts and many myofibroblasts. Additionally, no adverse effects of LSO on

cicatrization process were recorded.

Conclusion: These findings prove the safety and efficaciousness of linseed oil topical application in the therapy of

burn wounds.
ANTI-DIABETIC EFFECTS OF ZHUODUQING FORMULA, A CHINESE HERBAL DECOCTION, ON A RAT MODEL OF TYPE 2 DIABETES
Authors: Feng Xiao-Tao , Tang Shu-Yan , Jiang Yun-Xia , Zhao Wei
Published: March 2017

Background: Zhuoduqing formula (ZDQ) is a Chinese herbal decoction and used to treat type 2 diabetes in clinical

practice, but the potential evidence needs to be provided.

Materials and Methods: Type 2 diabetic model rats were induced by feeding high fat diet (HFD) and intraperitoneal

injection of streptozotocin (STZ). The model rats were given ZDQ for 4 weeks. Insulin sensitivity was evaluated by

homeostasis model assessment of basal insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test

(IPGTT). Blood insulin and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels as well as SOCS-3 levels in skeletal muscles were

analyzed by ELISA.

Results: ZDQ significantly decreased fasting blood glucose, ameliorated HOMA-IR and IPGTT, and reduced

triglyceride and total cholesterol in type 2 diabetic rats. Moreover, ZDQ remarkably lowered blood TNF-α levels and

inhibited SOCS-3 levels in skeletal muscles.

Conclusion: The results display that ZDQ performs anti-diabetic functions in type 2 diabetic rats induced by feeding

HFD and intraperitoneal injection of STZ.
EFFECTS OF AROMATHERAPY MASSAGE ON THE SLEEP QUALITY AND PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF PATIENTS IN A SURGICAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
Authors: Özlü Zeynep Karaman , Bilican Pınar
Published: March 2017

Background: Surgical pain is experienced by inpatients with clinical, disease-related concerns, unknown encounters

after surgery, quality of sleep, restrictions in position after surgery is known to be serious. The study was conducted to

determine the effect of aromatherapy massage on quality of sleep and physiological parameters in surgical intensive

care patients.

Materials and Methods: This is an experimental study. The sample of this study consisted of 60 patients who were

divided into two groups as experimental group and control group including 30 patients in each one. The participants

were postoperative patients, absent complications, who were unconscious and extubated. A data collection form on

personal characteristics of the patients, a registration form on their physical parameters and the Richards-Campbell

Sleep Scale (RCSQ) were used to collect the data of the study.

Results: The Richards-Campbell Sleep Scale indicated that while the experimental group had a mean score of 53.80 ±

13.20, the control group had a mean score of 29.08 ± 9.71 and there was a statistically significant difference between

mean scores of the groups. In a comparison of physiologic parameters, only diastolic blood pressure measuring

between parameters in favor of an assembly as a statistically significant difference was detected.

Conclusions: Results of the study showed that aromatherapy massage enhanced the sleep quality of patients in a

surgical intensive care unit and resulted in some positive changes in their physiological parameters.
El nuevo patrón de crecimiento de China y los posibles impactos en su relación con la Comunidad de Estados Latinoamericanos y Caribeños (CELAC)
Authors: Emmerich Norberto , Reis Marcos
Published: March 2017

El documento analiza la relación económica entre China y la Comunidad de Estados Latinoamericanos y Caribeños (CELAC) ante la desaceleración y cambios estructurales de la economía china. El nuevo escenario de crecimiento de China, basado en una menor inversión y mayor demanda interna, trae retos y desafíos para esta articulación. En especial, puede representar una oportunidad para una relación más “tradicional Sur-Sur” con un déficit comercial más pequeño y menos dependencia de las exportaciones de materias primas para la región de América Latina y el Caribe. El artículo concluye que con el fin del auge de las materias primas. La relación económica existente entre los miembros de la CELAC y China tiene que cambiar debido a las nuevas perspectivas de crecimiento de China. La CELAC tiene que tener esto en cuenta y preparar una agenda que pueda fortalecer los compromisos y beneficiarse de las oportunidades que van a surgir en virtud de los profundos cambios económicos en China.
Mediciones y revisiones alternativas del desarrollo
Authors: Blanco Rangel Ibelis C. , Hernández Acuña Diego
Published: March 2017

El informe regional sobre Desarrollo Humano para América Latina y el Caribe 2016, del Programa de Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo (PNUD), lleva por título: Progreso multidimensional: bienestar más allá del ingreso y guarda especial relación con algunos de los artículos y las reseñas que presentamos en este número, debido a la apuesta de transcender los indicadores económicos por aquellos orientados a la calidad de vida.
Ações Socioeducativas como Práticas de Inovações Sociais: Um Estudo de Caso
Authors: Schutz Evandro , Picolli Icaro , Sehnem Simone , Nunes Nei Antônio
Published: March 2017

O presente estudo procura analisar se as ações socioeducativas desenvolvidas pelo Instituto Engevix podem ser consideradas práticas de inovações sociais. A pesquisa consiste em um estudo de caso desenvolvido junto aos informantes-chaves e beneficiados do projeto, totalizando 35 participantes. Também foram abordadas visões teóricas das concepções de ações socioeducativas e inovações sociais, buscando detectar os possíveis elos entre elas. Ao analisar se as ações socioeducativas podem ser consideradas inovações sociais os entrevistados responderam afirmativamente, acrescentando que os serviços oferecidos pelo Instituto Engevix não estavam disponíveis até a sua chegada na comunidade. O Instituto Engevix desenvolve ações inclusivas e atende a uma parcela da comunidade em situação de vulnerabilidade econômico-social. De modo geral, tanto as ações socioeducativas quanto as práticas de inovações sociais auxiliam no processo de desenvolvimento social. Vê-se que podem existir como dois processos independentes, embora possam ocorrer convergência e fusão entre eles, ou seja, um projeto socioeducativo pode tornar-se total ou parcialmente uma prática de inovação social. A investigação evidencia que mesmo não sendo original, o projeto socioeducativo promovido pelo Instituto Engevix se configura numa prática de inovação social, pois contribui para a inclusão social dos sujeitos que dele participam. Constata-se, contudo, com o aprofundamento teórico da pesquisa que há, no projeto, um aspecto dissonante em relação às linhas definidoras de uma prática de inovação social. Trata-se da ausência de uma participação mais autônoma e ativa da comunidade assistida nos rumos e decisões tomados pelo projeto. Por fim, o interesse por desenvolver este estudo na área de inovações sociais está ancorado, sobretudo, na possibilidade de gerar compreensão de problemas de gestão social candentes nas sociedades contemporâneas.

 
Capital Humano e Desenvolvimento Econômico no Rio Grande do Sul: Uma Abordagem Multivariada
Authors: Costa Nilson Luiz , Costa Viviane Ottonelli , Mattos Carlos André Corrêa de , Teixeira Olívio Alberto , Flores Antônio Joreci , Oliveira Gabriel Nunes de
Published: March 2017

Este artigo propõe uma análise a partir das teorias que associam o capital humano ao processo de desenvolvimento econômico. O método utilizado é composto por técnicas de estatística multivariada, principalmente a Análise Fatorial Exploratória e Análise de Conglomerados. Foram selecionadas estatísticas dos 496 municípios do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul de acordo com sua capacidade de explicar as dinâmicas de concentração de renda, qualidade da educação e saúde, pobreza, educação e trabalho formal. Entre os resultados, destaca-se a associação positiva e direta entre os níveis de educação formal e de desenvolvimento econômico, o que valida  as contribuições teóricas de Theodore William Schultz e demais autores que derivam de sua linhagem. Os resultados apontam para a importância de romper os paradigmas atuais e pensar a política educacional para além da retórica dos discursos oficiais e superar os desafios contemporâneos.
Contradições e dinâmicas sociais e econômicas na Fronteira da Paz
Authors: Goulart Sueli , Misoczky Maria Ceci , Flores Rafael Kruter
Published: March 2017

Esse artigo é parte de uma pesquisa sobre as características e tendências da dinâmica sócio-econômica construída pelas organizações locais em Livramento-Rivera, cidades localizadas na fronteira Brasil-Uruguai. O referencial teórico tem o conceito de coerência estruturada no seu centro, ou seja, entendemos que processos de produção e consumo, oferta e procura (de mercadoria e força de trabalho), produção e realização, conflitos de classe e acumulação, cultura e estilos de vida, permanecem unidos em um tipo de coerência estruturada resultante do conjunto de relações de forças produtivas e sociais. A estratégia de pesquisa foi a de estudo de caso intrínseco e instrumental. Em uma primeira etapa de trabalho de campo identificamos e agrupamos projetos em dois conjuntos: aqueles impulsionados pelos grupos econômicos e políticos estabelecidos; e aqueles articulados como processos sociais inovadores. Na segunda etapa, constatamos novos projetos e a prevalência de iniciativas dominadas pela racionalidade econômica. A coerência regional estruturada pelos atores da fronteira Livramento-Rivera segue os padrões histórico-culturais da expectativa de grandes projetos propiciados por atores ‘de fora’; reproduzindo os padrões histórico-culturais da estrutura fundiária e/ou se apropriando de espaços valiosos em termos de recursos naturais. A organização de projetos alternativos à lógica desenvolvimentista, ao se entrelaçar com instituições de suporte técnico-organizacional, leva a práticas organizacionais voltadas para o mercado que solapam a produção social de lógicas distintas de organização.
PRAWO RZYMSKIE JAKO ŹRÓDŁO PRAWA W AFRYCE POŁUDNIOWEJ
Authors: Mańko Rafał
Published: March 2017

ROMAN LAW AS A SOURCE OF LAW IN SOUTHERN AFRICASummary Roman law is usually regarded as an object o f historic study and not as a practical discipline of the legal science. However, the situation is different in six South African states - the Republic of South Africa, Zimbabwe, Lesotho, Swaziland, Botswana and Namibia - which have preserved the uncodified ius commune europaeum brought by the Dutch to the Cape of Good Hope in the 17th century.The hierarchy of the fontes iuris oriundi in the South African legal system seems to be the following: the Constitution, statutes, customary law, case-law, Roman-Dutch law and Roman law. The position occupied by Roman law is in fact only subsidiary, however it is a source of law and is referred to from time to time in the case-law. On the other hand it permeates the whole legal system which is based on fundamental notions derived from Roman law, which have been preserved and developed in the treatises of the Roman-Dutch jurists and the case-law of the courts.The frequency o f citations of Roman law in the South African case-law has been an object of two major studies. One, conducted by Van Der Merve concerned the period 1970-1979, the other, by Du Plessis - took into account the cases of 1990-1991. The studies revealed that Roman sources are cited in 4,7-4,8% of the case-law. According to another study by Zimmermann, only in half o f those cases the Roman sources were relevant for deciding the case.Nevertheless, it is submitted that these figures should be treated as significant, especially when compared with the position occupied by Roman sources in the modern case law in other civilian jurisdictions.