bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on the acute toxicity of biologically active compounds derived from Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L. ) flakes in vivo
Authors: B Munkhtsetseg , D Mungunnaran , M Odonchimeg , B Bayarmaa
Published: February 2020

Recently, plants, animal and compounds by minerals are increased to use trend. Raw materials from plant, especially sea buckthorn, have the high contents of biologically active compounds, then, these compounds demonstrate some special properties for medicine and functional that including to supply deficiency of minerals and vitamins, to improve immune system, metabolism, and tissue culture, to anti-inflammation, to detoxification, to immune human body. In our previous study, we determined optimal conditions for extracting total flavonoids from sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) fruit flakes and purified biologically active compounds in laboratory conditions. Level of total flavonoids, the main active ingredient extracted from sea buckthorn fruit flakes, heavy metals, and the hygiene parameters were determined in the current study. Total flavonoids were 2.1%, heavy metals, including cadmium and lead, did not exceed maximum permissible levels, and there were no bacteria or fungi detected.The acute toxicity study performed on the C57/BL6 strain of mice by administering 500-6000 mg/kg of extract orally. The LD50 was more than 6000 mg/kg, which is classified as a non-toxic compound based on Hodge and Sterner toxicity scale.

Чацаргана (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) жимсний хальснаас гарган авсан биологийн идэвхт бэлдмэлийн хорон чанарын судалгаа

Хураангуй: Орчин үед ургамал, амьтан, эрдсийн гаралтай бэлдмэлүүдийг хэрэглэх хандлага өсөн нэмэгдэж байна. Ургамлын гаралтай түүхий эдүүд ялангуяа чацаргана жимс нь биологийн идэвхт олон бодисуудыг өндөр тунгаар агуулдаг бөгөөд бие махбодийн эрдэс бодис, витамины дутагдлыг нөхөх, дархлааг сайжруулах, үрэвслийн эсрэг үйлдэл үзүүлэх, бодисын солилцоог эрчимжүүлэх, эд эсийн төлжилтийг сайжруулах, хоргүйжүүлэх зэрэг эмчилгээний болон зохицуулах үйлчилгээтэй өвөрмөц шинжийг үзүүлдэг.Бид өмнөх судалгаагаар чацаргана жимсний хальснаас нийлбэр флавоноидыг хандлах, тохиромжтой горимыг тогтоож, биологийн, идэвхт бэлдмэлийг лабораторийн нөхцөлд гарган авсан. Чацаргана (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) жимсний хальснаас гарган авсан бэлдмэлийн гол үйлчлэгч бодис болох нийлбэр флавоноидын агууламж, эрүүл ахуй, хүнд металлын үзүүлэлтүүдийг тодорхойлоход флавоноидын агууламж нь 2.1%, кадми, хар тугалгын агууламж хүнсний бүтээгдэхүүнд зөвшөөрөгдөх дээд хэмжээнээс бага, бактери, хөгц мөөгөнцөр илрээгүй болно.Бэлдмэлийн хорон чанарын туршилтыг C57/BL6 үүлдрийн шугаман хар хулгана дээр хийсэн бөгөөд бэлдмэлийг 500-6000 мг/кг тунгаар хулганад амаар олгоход LD50 нь 6000 мг/кг-аас дээш хэмжээтэй байгаа нь Ходжа ба Стернерийн хорон чанарын ангилалаар хоргүй ангилалд багтаж байна.

Түлхүүр үг: чацарганы хальс, флавоноид, бэлдмэл, хорон чанар .
Determination of trans-isomers of unsaturated Fatty acids in foods by FTIR
Authors: N Erdenechimeg , M Odonchimeg , M Oyundari , B Bayarmaa
Published: February 2020

It has been proven that the trans-isomers of unsaturated fatty acids that are formed during the hydrogenation of vegetable oils have negative effects on human health. Therefore, it is important to control the content of trans fatty acids in foodstuffs. At present in Mongolia, there are no national policies on controlling and regulating the content of trans fatty acids in food. Our country imports 20 - 25 tones of animals and vegetable oils, annually. Since we have not had regulations for trans fatty acids content in the foodstuffs, their content is regulated or limited by the legislation of the importing countries.In the present study, we have determined the amount of the trans fatty acids contained in different food, by using a rapid FTIR spectroscopy method with attenuated total reflection (ATR-FTIR), of the absorption band at 966-968 cm-1 frequency range. Have analyzed and evaluated more than 30 samples and the content of trans fatty acids in the margarines were higher and varies between 2.3% to 10.9%.

Хүнсний бүтээгдэхүүнд түргэвчилсэн аргаар тосны хүчлийн транс-изомер тодорхойлох боломж

Хураангуй: Ургамлын тосыг гидрогенжүүлэх явцад үүсдэг ханаагүй тосны хүчлийн транс-изомер нь хүний эрүүл мэндэд сөрөг нөлөө үзүүлдэг нь тогтоогдсон тул хүнсний бүтээгдэхүүнд агуулагдаж байгаа тосны хүчлийн транс-изомерийн агууламжид хяналт тавих шаардлага зүй ёсоор гарч байгаа юм. Одоогийн байдлаар манай улсад хүнсний бүтээгдэхүүн дэх транс-изомерийн агууламжийг хянах хууль эрх зүйн орчин хараахан бүрэлдээгүй байна. Манай улс жил бүр ойролцоогоор 20-25 тн амьтан, ургамлын гаралтай тос импортоор оруулж ирдэг бөгөөд эдгээрт агуулагдах тосны хүчлийн транс-изомерийн агууламж нь экспортлогч улс орнуудад баримталж буй бодлогын хүрээнд хязгаарлагдаж байна.Бид энэхүү судалгаагаар хүнсний бүтээгдэхүүнд агуулагдах тосны хүчлийн транс-изомерийн агууламжийг гэрлийн бүрэн ойлтын нэмэлт төхөөрөмж бүхий нил улаан туяаны спектрийн (ATR-FTIR) түргэвчилсэн аргаар 966-968 см-1 давтамжийн мужид илрэх шингээлтийн зурвасын эрчмээр тодорхойлох боломжтой болохыг тогтоов. Судалгааны хүрээнд гуч гаруй хүнсний бүтээгдэхүүний дээжинд тосны хүчлийн транс-изомерийн агууламжийг тодорхойлсноос маргаринд агуулагдах тосны хүчлийн транс-изомерийн агууламж хамгийн өндөр буюу 2.3 % -10.9 % байв.

Түлхүүр үг: гидрогенжүүлсэн тос, хүнсний бүтээгдэхүүн, тосны хүчлийн транс-изомер, ATR-FTIR.
Chemical structures of phenylethanoid glycosides from Pedicularis species, their biological and pharmacological activities
Authors: E Nyamsuren , G Odontuya
Published: February 2020

In this review, we summarized the molecular structure specification of a unique component named as phenylethanoid glycosides from the genus Pedicularis L. and their biological and pharmacological activities. Until now, 40 phenylethanoid glycosides have been isolated and identified from the genus Pedicularis L. We classified the compounds into 4 main groups based on the functional group located at the 4′ position. According to the results of in vitro and in vivo studies, the extract containing phenylethanoid glycosides possesses antioxidative, antibacterial, anti-tumor and anti-fatigue activities as well as the increase in physical ability, hepatoprotection, and other effects. The antioxidant effect is the main biological activity of phenylethanoid glycosides.

Хувилангын зүйл ургамлуудын фенилэтаноид гликозидуудын химийн бүтэц, биолог, фармакологийн идэвх

Хураангуй: Бид энэхүү тойм өгүүлэлдээ Хувилангын (Pedicularis L.) төрөлд хамаарах ургамлуудын өвөрмөц бүрэлдэхүүн болох фенилэтаноид гликозидийн молекулын бүтцийн онцлог, тэдгээрийн биолог, фармакологийн идэвхийн судалгааны дүнг нэгтгэн бичлээ. Өнөөг хүртэл Хувилангын зүйл ургамлуудаас 40 фенилэтаноид гликозидийг ялгаж, бүтэц байгууламжийг тогтоосон байна. Бид тэдгээр бодисын молекулын бүтцэд дүн шинжилгээ хийж 4′ байрлал дахь халагч бүлэгт үндэслэн 4 бүлэгт ангилав. Фенилэтаноид гликозид зонхилонагуулагддаг ханд нь исэлдэлтийн эсрэг, бактер, хорт хавдрын эсийн өсөлтийг дарангуйлах идэвхтэй, ядралт багасгах, булчингийн үйл ажиллагааг дэмжих, элэг, тархийг гэмтэхээс хамгаалах үйлдэл үзүүлж байгаа нь in vitro ба in vivo туршилт судалгааны дүн харуулж байна. Исэлдэлтийг дарангуйлах үйлдэл бол фенилэтаноид гликозидуудын гол биологийн идэвх юм.Түлхүүр үг: Хувиланга, фенилэтаноид гликозид, каффейны хүчил, исэлдэлт дарангуйлах идэвх.
Study of geothermometers and chemical composition of hot springs in Zavkhan province
Authors: Ch Bolormaa , D Oyuntsetseg , O Bolormaa
Published: February 2020

In this study, we collected hot spring water sample from Otgontenger, Tsetsuukh, Zart, Ulaan Khaalga and Khojuul in Zavkhan province. The purpose of this study is to determine the temperature of geothermal water and its depth which based on the hydrochemical component. Hot spring water analyses showed that temperature ranges between 33.4 to 45.5°C, pH ranges 8.40 to 9.56, and the total dissolved solid amount was 170 to 473 mg/L. From the result of hydrochemical analyses, hot spring samples were included in SO4-Na and HCO3-Na type. In comparison to other hot spring samples, Tsetsuukh hot spring has shown negative oxidation reduction potential, -0.8 mV and dissolved hydrogen, 0.22 mg/L. Therefore, it has a higher ability for medical treatment than other hot spring water due to its reduction state. The reservoir temperature of these hot springs is calculated by several geothermometer methods, and temperatures ranged between 102оC to 149оC. According to this result, it assumed that geothermal water with low temperature which has the ability to use for room heating and producing energy by the binary system. Thus, we determined that reservoir depth is 1.3 to 3.7 km using annual average surface and reservoir temperature, and regional geothermal gradient.

Завхан аймгийн халуун рашаануудын химийн найрлага, геотермометрийн судалгаа

Хураангуй: Бид энэхүү судалгааны ажлаар Завхан аймгийн нутагт орших Отгонтэнгэр, Зарт, Цэцүүх, Улаан хаалга, Хожуулын халуун рашаануудын гидрохимийн найрлагыг нарийвчлан тогтоосоны үндсэн дээр тухайн рашаануудын газрын гүний халуун усны температур болон гүнийг тогтоох зорилго тавин ажиллаа. Завхан аймгийн рашаанууд нь халуун 33.4-45.5°C температуртай, шүлтлэг орчинтой (pH 8.4-9.56), 170-473 мг/л хүртэл эрдэсжилттэй, HCO3-Na болон SO4-Na-ийн төрлийн халуун рашааны ангилалд хамаарагдаж байна. Эдгээр рашаануудаас Цэцүүхийн халуун рашааны исэлдэн ангижрах потенциал нь -0.8 мВ, ууссан устөрөгчийн агуулга 0.22 мг/л илэрсэн нь судалгаанд хамрагдсан бусад рашаануудтай харьцуулахад ангижрах төлөвт оршиж байгаа бөгөөд илүү эмчилгээний идэвхтэй болохыг харуулж байна. Судалгаанд хамрагдсан халуун рашаануудын гүний температурыг химийн найрлагаас нь хамааруулан хэд хэдэн геотермометрийг ашиглан тооцоход дунджаар 102-149oС байсан ба энэ нь бага температуртай усны ангилалд хамаарагдаж байгаа учир тухайн халуун усны нөөцийг өрөө тасалгаа халаах болон бинари системийг ашиглан цахилгаан гаргаж авах боломжтой байна. Мөн Завхан аймгийн халуун рашаануудын газрын гүний халуун усны нөөц нь газрын гадаргаас доош 1.3-3.7 км-ийн гүнд байрладаг болохыг орд дээрх температур, газрын гүний халуун усны температур болон бүс нутгийн геотермал градиентад үндэслэн тооцоолон тодорхойллоо.

Түлхүүр үг: Гидрохими, халуун рашаан, геотермометр, гүний температур.
Letters
Authors: Marquardt Steve , Miller Richard
Published: February 2020

Letters
Ocorrência de cryptococcus neoformans em excretas dos pombos da cidade de Guaraí/TO
Authors: Santos Mateus Silva , Silva Gustavo Oliveira , Nascimento Matheus Victor de Moura , Neres Liberta Lamarta Favoritto Garcia
Published: February 2020

A presença de pombos em locais com grande circulação de pessoas se torna um grave problema da saúde, devido as fezes desses animais apresentaram microrganismos causadores de infecções oportunistas nos seres humanos. O Cryptococcus neoformans é uma levedura encapsulada que se reproduz por brotamento e que possui grande importância médica, por ser o agente etiológico da criptococose. O objetivo deste estudo é investigar a ocorrência de Cryptococcus neoformans nas excretas de pombos em locais públicos da cidade de Guaraí/TO e analisar os principais fatores de virulência encontrados na literatura, associados a essas leveduras. As amostras foram coletadas com o auxílio de espátulas, máscaras e luvas e armazenadas em frascos plásticos estéreis, padronizados e identificados quanto ao local e data de coleta. As amostras foram cultivadas em ágar sabouraud dextrose a 37ºC e observados diariamente, por até 10 dias, para avaliação macromorfológica das colônias. A micromorfologia foi realizada através do exame direto com tinta nanquim e se utilizou a hidrólise da ureia para confirmação do fungo. Dentre as amostras selecionadas para compor este estudo 75% (6/8) apresentaram presença de leveduras revestidas com cápsulas polissacarídicas. No entanto, apenas 62,5% (5/8) das amostras coletadas apresentaram reação positiva para o teste confirmatório, o teste da uréase. É importante que a população se atente aos riscos da saúde que podem estar sendo expostos diariamente frequentando os locais que apresentaram amostras positivas para este fungo, sendo visível a necessidade de políticas de controle de natalidade de aves urbanas.
Landscapes of the African American Diaspora in Denmark
Authors: Whitmire Ethelene
Published: February 2020

This imaginary exhibition is based on the archive of items collected to write the book manuscript for Searching for Utopia: African Americans in 20th Century Denmark. Professor Ethelene Whitmire used the method of curatorial dreaming to design this exhibition and was influenced by African American expatriate Walter Williams’s landscape paintings that reflect the themes in the book.
Michel Foucault: Caminhos Abertos à Reflexão Geográfica
Authors: Rossi Rafael
Published: February 2020

O livro de autoria de Jeremy Crampton e Stuart Elden tem como premissa as implicações e preocupações de Michel Foucault com a espacialidade. Jeremy Crampton é professor associado da Universidade do Estado da Geórgia com interesse na filosofia do poder, tendo ainda publicados textos sobre a importância da cartografia e seus fins. Stuart Elden, por sua vez, é pesquisador com interesse nas intersecções entre política, filosofia e geografia; em 2011 ganhou o prêmio Royal Geographical Society Murchison Award sendo também professor do Departamento de Geografia da Durham University na Inglaterra. O livro conta com a contribuição de vários pesquisadores como: John A. Agnew, Thomas Flynn, Philipp Howell, David Harvey, Claude Raffestin, Michel Riou entre outros.
Clima Urbano
Authors: Fialho Edson Soares
Published: February 2020

O presente trabalho é uma resenha do livro intitulado Clima Urbano, organizado por Carlor Augusto de Figueiredo Monteiro e Francisco Mendonça. A obra faz-se pertinente à Climatologia Urbana por apresentar diferentes possibilidades de se estudar o clima das cidades e analisar suas condições ambientais.
Resumos de Dissertações do PPGG da Ufes - 2012/1
Authors: . .
Published: February 2020

Resumos de Dissertações do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia da Ufes do primeiro semestre de 2012
Conselho Editorial
Authors: . . .
Published: February 2020

Conselho Editorial
Conselho Editorial
Authors: Zanotelli Claudio
Published: February 2020

Conselho Editorial
Tabela de Acessos: Tabela de Acesso dos Artigos (12/12/2013)
Authors: Zanotelli Claudio
Published: February 2020

Já se encontra disponível a tabela de acesso de artigos atualizada em 12/12/2013.
Resenha do livro : Bancel Nicolas et al., La fracture coloniale . La société française au prisme de l'héritage colonial, Paris, La Découverte « Cahiers libres », 2005, 322 páginas.
Authors: Tomazini Carla
Published: February 2020

Esta obra coletiva, coordenada porPascal Blanchard, Nicolas Bancel e Sandrine Lemaire, reúne artigos deespecialistas de diversas áreas sobre os efeitos do “fato colonial” na Françacontemporânea. A questão central do livro reside na constatação de alguns dosefeitos que se repercutiram na metrópole francesa e do fato das independênciasdas nações colonizadas não terem constituído necessariamente uma ruptura vigorosaentre o período colonial e pós-colonial. A “fratura” à que se refere o livroestabeleceu-se notadamente no seio da nação francesa. Esta é a razão pela qualo objeto do livro é a “França como sociedade pós-colonial”. Palavras-chave: França, históriacolonial, os estudos pós-coloniais.
Resenha
Authors: Zanotelli Claudio
Published: February 2020

Resenha
Tabela de acesso aos artigos até 18/12/2014
Authors: Zanotelli Claudio
Published: February 2020

Tabela de acessos
Resumos das Dissertações Defendidas em 2014
Authors: Zanotelli Claudio
Published: February 2020

Dissertações 2014
Editorial
Authors: Zanotelli Claudio
Published: February 2020

Editorial
Membros do Conselho Editorial
Authors: Conselho Editorial .
Published: February 2020

Membros do Conselho Editorial do numero 9 da Revista Geografares
Exploring the Attitudes Towards Entrepreneurship in a Transforming Society. The Case of Poland
Authors: Osowska Renata
Published: February 2020

This study is an analysis of the perception of entrepreneurship in Polish society across two decades, starting from 1990, which marked the end of communism. 129 articles have been analysed to identify the social value of entrepreneurship and later compared to public opinion surveys related to the beliefs about entrepreneurship. Findings reveal that although there was a substantial positive change in the value of entrepreneurship, the ambiguous beliefs about entrepreneurs created mixed attitudes towards entrepreneurship. The inclusion of the transitional period offers the opportunity to expand on the theoretical understanding of entrepreneurial development and to deliver effective support in developing the entrepreneurial society.
L’inscription des formes atypiques de travail dans des espaces partagés : le cas des collectifs de pigistes
Authors: Aubert-Tarby Clémence , Aubouin Nicolas
Published: February 2020

Cette étude porte sur plusieurs collectifs de journalistes pigistes en France comme révélateurs des dynamiques d’inscription collective d’activités professionnelles atypiques et plutôt individualisées. Nous avons construit une typologie des démarches entrepreneuriales qui s’inscrivent dans ces espaces de travail partagé. Ce modèle donne à voir les modes d’organisation internes et externes, individuels et collectifs. Plus largement, notre article questionne les démarches entrepreneuriales au prisme des ressources clés (Penrose, 1959) mobilisées par les collectifs de travail. Il pointe les enjeux de la construction de communautés de métiers spécifiques (Chanal, 2000) et l’impact de cette construction sur la reconnaissance des dynamiques professionnelles.
Engagement citoyen et action entrepreneuriale sont-ils conciliables ? Le cas des systèmes alimentaires alternatifs
Authors: Lanciano Emilie
Published: February 2020

Le concept d’entreprise sociale est très présent dans la littérature pour rendre compte d’initiatives entrepreneuriales qui associent logique d’action sociale et logique d’action marchande. Les liens entre ces nouvelles façons d’entreprendre et l’engagement citoyen ont en revanche été peu explorés.

Nous proposons une analyse des liens entre engagement citoyen et action entrepreneuriale, à travers l’analyse de plusieurs initiatives issues de systèmes alimentaires alternatifs. Nous développons un cadre d’analyse original transposant la théorie pragmatiste de l’action de John Dewey : l’engagement entrepreneurial et citoyen est appréhendé comme un processus d’enquête démocratique original, associant registre d’engagement, logique et répertoires d’action entrepreneuriale.
L’amitié comme refuge émotionnel au collège classique ; le cas de deux dirigés spirituels de Lionel Groulx
Authors: Gauthier Pierre
Published: February 2020

Cet article étudie les différentes relations d’amitié qu’entretiennent deux jeunes hommes, dirigés spirituels de Lionel Groulx, dans le cadre du collège classique québécois au début du XXe siècle par le biais d’une analyse de journaux intimes et de correspondances. En empruntant des concepts de l’histoire des émotions, les relations amicales entretenues par Erle G. Bartlett (1886–1945) et Émile Léger (1883–1908), dirigés spirituels de Lionel Groulx (1878–1967), sont considérées comme refuges émotionnels au sein de la communauté émotionnelle stricte du Collège de Valleyfield. Ces amitiés, définies comme catholiques, servent à faire adopter aux collégiens les normes comportementales et émotionnelles prônées par l’établissement scolaire. Les jeunes hommes semblent entretenir des relations qui se différencient de celles de leurs pairs, notamment de par la place prédominante qu’y occupent le catholicisme et l’échange émotionnel. Lionel Groulx et son entourage, par la pratique de ces amitiés, expriment une masculinité alternative à celle de plus en plus virile qui se popularise au début du XXe siècle.
Histoire d’émotions néolibérales : pédagogie d’une émancipation individuelle, dialectique d’une aliénation collective
Authors: Dormeau Léna
Published: February 2020

Nous souhaitons dans cet article, acte du colloque « Histoire d’émotions : saisir les perceptions, penser les subjectivités », nous concentrer sur ce que nous nommons une « histoire d’émotions néolibérales ». Nous voudrions, suivant un cheminement qui part de Foucault pour rejoindre la littérature contemporaine, tenter de saisir quelle place occupent les émotions dans nos sociétés. Quelle place occupent-elles dans les préoccupations individuelles, et quel rôle jouent-elles inévitablement dans les technologies du pouvoir néolibéral ? Nous nous efforcerons de démontrer l’émergence d’une nouvelle norme, cause et effet de ce regain d’intérêt pour les émotions, et d’en identifier les fondements, les caractéristiques et les enjeux.
The Literati and the Illuminati
Authors: Taylor Jordan
Published: February 2020

Augustin Barruel’sMemoirs Illustrating the History of Jacobinismincited the famous “Illuminati scare” in the United States from 1798 through 1800. Barruel argued that a shadowy Freemason group known as the Illuminati had provoked the French Revolution. Americans in the late 1790s inferred that this group was infiltrating the United States. Scholars often imagine that this scare was an instance of mass hysteria triggered by the intensity of American politics at this moment. But in fact, Americans’ response to Barruel was measured, careful, and guided by the era’s prevailing epistemological standards. Atlantic knowledge networks repeatedly validated (or failed to persuasively rebut) the content of theMemoirs,allowing American intellectuals such as Jedidiah Morse and Timothy Dwight to spread the conspiracy theory with the conviction of “authority.” Morse was particularly significant as a mediator between these networks and American audiences. By engaging with literary reviews, the correspondence of academics, and the publications of intellectuals, Morse had good reason to accept Barruel’s account. Indeed, the evidence that Morse and his allies marshalled in favor of Barruel was arguably stronger than that which was available to their critics. In this light, the Illuminati “scare” was not an irrational panic, but rather a reasonable response to the evidence available to Americans during the late 1790s. By re-examining this story through the lens of print history, transatlantic networks, and early modern processes of knowledge production, scholars can better understand the borders and limitations of early modern epistemologies, as well as the nature of early conspiracy theories.
Friendship, Secrecy, Transatlantic Networks and the Enlightenment
Authors: Caron Nathalie
Published: February 2020

In 1802, a third English translation of Volney’sRuines; ou, méditation sur les révolutions des empires,a work already popular among English-speaking radicals and freethinkers, appeared in Paris. The anonymous translators of the work were none other than Thomas Jefferson and Joel Barlow. Barlow’s name surfaced in 1819 whereas Jefferson’s did not until the early twentieth century. The fact that Jefferson secretly contributed to the third translation ofLesRuinesas well as to its circulation in the United States is an aspect of his career which, while it has not been ignored, has not been given adequate attention. The essay fleshes out knowledge of Volney and Jefferson’s friendship, traces out the story of the translation, and explores the reasons for the success ofRuinsin the young United States, shedding light on the networking which allowed radical Enlightenment ideas to infuse American culture.
#loveyourshelfie
Authors: Fletcher Lisa , McAlister Jodi , Temple Kurt , Williams Kathleen
Published: February 2020

“Mills & Boon” has become shorthand for “trashy” entertainment, yet little is known about how the books are treated materially in their circulation. This article reports on a project that followed the material lives and afterlives of 50 Australian-authored novels published by Harlequin Mills & Boon between 1996 and 2016. We analyze visual and textual data about these books collected via social media to explore uses and values attached to category romance. First, we show that the books’ ongoing circulation is due both to their publishers’ practices, and to the behaviours of genre insiders. Second, we note that most participants demonstrated “genre competence” and genre-based sociality, confirming the highly networked nature of the romance “genre world.” Third, we find that category romance is routinely shelved apart from other books, explicitly marking them as distinctive. Finally, we argue that “shelfies” of romance collections undercut notions of trash by reframing them as treasure.
Les obstacles et les facilitateurs dans l’accès aux services pour les enfants et les adolescents autistes francophones du Nouveau-Brunswick
Authors: Richard Jacques F. , Thériault Marianne , Audas Rick , Ronis Scott , Tilleczek Kate , Zhang Michael , Bell Brandi , Slaunwhite Amanda , Poirier Nathalie
Published: February 2020

Cette étude vise à explorer les barrières et les facilitateurs dans l’accès aux services pour les enfants et adolescents autistes, et ce, selon la perspective de parents et celle de personnes prestataires de services. Des entrevues semi-structurées ont été effectuées auprès de huit parents et de huit responsables de services francophones du Nouveau-Brunswick. Une analyse thématique de leur discours a été effectuée afin d’identifier les barrières et les facilitateurs dans l’accès aux services lors de trois moments clés, soit les premières inquiétudes, le diagnostic et l’entrée scolaire. Ces moments représentent des périodes de transition sur le plan des services pour les familles.
La mise en oeuvre de la stratégie ontarienne de santé mentale au secondaire. Quels effets sur la pratique du travail social en milieu scolaire ?
Authors: Bernier Danik , Molgat Marc
Published: February 2020

En Ontario comme partout au Canada, un discours à caractère préventif visant particulièrement les jeunes s’est invité dans les champs des services sociaux et de santé. Il incite au recours aux pratiques fondées sur les données probantes, dont la psychothérapie, pour intervenir auprès des enfants et des adolescentes ou adolescents ayant des comportements perçus comme étant problématiques ou à risque. De telles approches sont souvent prescrites pour prévenir les problèmes de santé mentale chez les jeunes. Dans cette perspective, cet article analyse les processus menant les travailleuses et travailleurs sociaux qui oeuvrent dans des écoles secondaires francophones en Ontario à appliquer des approches d’intervention visant à gérer les comportements des élèves. Fondée sur une approche théorique et critique agençant la notion de biopouvoir aux théories de l’étiquetage, la recherche dont rend compte cet article s’intéresse dans une perspective microsociologique aux discours de travailleuses sociales participantes et aux rôles de divers actrices et acteurs dans la mise en oeuvre de la récente stratégie en santé mentale du gouvernement de l’Ontario.
Pourquoi les enseignants débutants ne se sentent-ils pas assez soutenus ?
Authors: Carpentier Geneviève , Mukamurera Joséphine , Leroux Mylène , Lakhal Sawsen
Published: February 2020

Un nombre grandissant d’études portant sur les problématiques liées à l’insertion professionnelle en enseignement mentionnent qu’il est essentiel de tenir compte des types de besoins de soutien des enseignants débutants pour leur offrir un soutien adapté. Pourtant, peu d’écrits ont dressé un portrait fidèle des types de besoins de soutien ressentis par les recrues et se sont centrés sur le degré de concordance entre les types de besoins de soutien ressentis et la perception du soutien reçu. Les données analysées dans cet article proviennent d’une enquête par questionnaire (n=156) et d’entrevues semi-dirigées (n=10) réalisées au Québec auprès d’enseignants débutants. Les analyses quantitatives réalisées au moyen de mesures d’association sur les types de besoins de soutien et la perception du soutien reçu attestent que le soutien perçu par les enseignants ne concorde majoritairement pas avec les types de besoins de soutien ressentis. Les entrevues permettent de mieux comprendre les résultats quantitatifs et de proposer certaines pistes de solution.
Accompagner la prise de conscience des compétences dans un dispositif d’insertion professionnelle des jeunes : regards de formatrices
Authors: Mongin Mélanie , Mohib Najoua
Published: February 2020

L’accompagnement du développement professionnel voire de la professionnalisation des acteurs de terrain (enseignants, formateurs, infirmiers, travailleurs sociaux, dirigeants, etc.) suscite aujourd’hui l’intérêt des chercheurs notamment dans le champ des sciences de l’éducation.Cependant, peu de travaux portent sur l’accompagnement des jeunes non diplômés alors que de nombreux dispositifs sont mis en place, tout particulièrement en France, pour favoriser leur insertion professionnelle. Le but de cet article est d’interroger les liens entre logique d’accompagnement des formateurs et prise de conscience des compétences par les jeunes sans qualification. Cette étude rend compte des pratiques d’accompagnement mises en oeuvre par des formatrices pour aider des jeunes adultes en situation de précaritéà prendre conscience de leurs compétences en favorisant leur réflexivité, leur autonomie et leurs interactions avec autrui.
Elevated CO2not increased temperature has specific effects on soil nematode community either with planting of transgenicBtrice or non-Btrice
Authors: Song Yingying , Liu Jiawen , Chen Fajun
Published: February 2020

Background

TransgenicBtrice has not been approved for commercial cultivation because of the fierce public debate on food safety, biosafety regulation and ecological risk. Meanwhile, the concentration of CO2and temperature in the atmosphere, as important environmental factors affecting the persistence of exogenousBtprotein, have increased. Elevated CO2, increased temperature, the planting of transgenicBtrice and their interactions may further influence the structure and complexity of soil food web. However, the effects of transgenicBtrice planting on soil organism remain largely unexplored before its commercial production especially under global climate change.

Methods

Here, we assessed the influences of transgenicBtrice (cv. HH with fusedCry1Ab/Cry1Acin contrast to its parental line of non-Btrice cv. MH63) on soil nematode communities under the conditions of elevated CO2concentration and increased temperature for 2 years of 2016 and 2017 in open-top chambers located in Ningjin County, Shandong Province of China.

Results

Elevated CO2concentration remarkably increased the abundance of fungivores and significantly decreased their nematode channel ratio (NCR) and enrichment index (EI) irrespective of rice variety (transgenicBtrice or non-Btrice) or temperature (normal temperature or increased temperature). Additionally, rice variety and temperature did not significantly change soil nematode composition, abundance and ecological indices (including total maturity index (∑MI), Shannon diversity (H′), structure index (SI), NCR andEI). However, apparent seasonal changes were observed in theses aforementioned variables.

Discussion

These results suggested that atmospheric CO2concentration but not temperature or rice variety has great impacts on soil nematode community, especially fungivores.
The Effects of Pre-germination Treatments on Seed Germination and Growth of Wild Guavas in the Kingdom of Eswatini, Southern Africa
Authors: Sikhondze Thulani , Nxumalo Kwanele A. , Masarirambi Michael T. , Wahome Paul K. , Zwane Mathole G.
Published: February 2020

Dormancy is a condition where seeds will not germinate even when the environmental conditions (water, temperature and aeration) are permissive for germination. Wild guavas (Psidium guajava L.) are very popular in all agro-ecological zones of Eswatini. Farmers have shown an interest towards guava cultivation but have to cope with the shortage of quality propagation material. The demand is not fulfilled because of unavailability of superior seedling rootstocks, which might be due to poor seed germination and seedling growth. Nevertheless, it has been reported that guava seeds exhibited seed dormancy, which affects their growth and development. The experiment was carried out to study effects of different pre-germination methods on seed germination of guava. The study was conducted at the University of Eswatini, Luyengo Campus. The objective of the study was to get maximum germination of guava seeds in as short a time as possible. Four methods were used i.e.,  soaking in distilled water for five days at room temperature, soaking in hot water at 80ºC for three minutes, subjecting seeds to heat at 80ºC in oven for six minutes and soaking in 20% dilute sulphuric acid for three minutes. All these treatments significantly decreased days to germination of seeds compared with the control. Among the methods, treatment of guava seeds with 20% dilute sulphuric acid for three minutes was judged best with maximum germination percentage (93.3%); lowest germination mean time was observed in seeds soaked in distilled water (31 days). Highest plant height (44 mm) and highest stem girth of (3.37 mm) were recorded from seeds soaked in sulphuric acid after 150 days of sowing. Seeds without any pre-germination treatment showed poor germination (26.7%). On the basis of the findings, it can be recommended that propagators use sulphuric acid in seed priming for higher germination, growth and development.
Desafios do Disclosure da Exposição Cambial e dos Instrumentos Financeiros de Hedge: Análise de Companhias Abertas do Setor de Carnes
Authors: Sticca Ralph Melles , Antônio Rafael Moreira , Valle Maurício Ribeiro do
Published: February 2020

Objetivo: o trabalho investiga se as diretrizes normativas aplicáveis à evidenciação (disclosure) da exposição de ativos e passivos às variações de cotação de moedas estrangeiras, bem como dos instrumentos financeiros derivativos de hedge utilizados para sua proteção, são integralmente implementadas pelas companhias.

Método: a partir da revisão das Notas Explicativas das Demonstrações Financeiras Padronizadas (DFP) referentes ao exercício encerrado em 31/12/2014 de companhias do setor de carnes, foram analisados os níveis de evidenciação das políticas de gestão de riscos cambiais, da exposição cambial total e líquida após a utilização de instrumentos financeiros de hedge e da análise de sensibilidade do risco cambial.

Resultados: foram verificadas diferenças relevantes nos níveis de disclosure, dificultando ao usuário da informação contábil a análise e compreensão do risco cambial das companhias, sobretudo no que tange à demonstração da exposição líquida à variação cambial e sua respectiva análise de sensibilidade.

Contribuições: o estudo contribui para a pesquisa científica em Contabilidade Financeira e Finanças na medida em que corrobora a literatura no sentido de que a evidenciação da exposição cambial e dos instrumentos financeiros de hedge, a despeito das normas contábeis em vigor, necessita ser aprimorada para que a informação seja clara e relevante para os usuários.
Engineered small metal‐binding protein tag improves the production of recombinant human growth hormone in the periplasm of Escherichia coli
Authors: Perez‐Perez David A. , Pioquinto‐Avila Elizeth , Arredondo‐Espinoza Eder , Morones‐Ramirez Jose Ruben , Balderas‐Renteria Isaias , Zarate Xristo
Published: February 2020

Fusion proteins play an important role in the production of recombinant proteins in Escherichia coli. They are mostly used for cytoplasmic expression since they can be designed to increase the solubility of the target protein, which then can be easily purified via affinity chromatography. In contrast, fusion proteins are not usually included in construct designs for periplasmic production. Instead, a signal sequence is inserted for protein transport into the periplasm and a C‐terminal his‐tag added for subsequent purification. Our research group has proposed the small metal‐binding protein (SmbP) isolated from the periplasm of Nitrosomonas europaea as a new fusion protein to express recombinant proteins in the cytoplasm or periplasm of E. coli. SmbP also allows purification via immobilized metal affinity chromatography using Ni(II) ions. Recently, we have optimized the periplasmic production of proteins tagged with SmbP by exchanging its native signal peptide with one taken from pectate lyase B (PelB), substantially increasing the amount of protein produced. In this work, we have expressed and purified soluble bioactive human growth hormone (hGH) tagged with PelB‐SmbP and obtained the highest periplasmic production reported for this protein so far. Its activity, tested on Nb2‐11 cells, was equivalent to commercial growth hormone at 50 ng·mL−1. Therefore, we strongly recommend the use of PelB‐SmbP as a protein tag for the expression and purification of hGH or other possible target proteins in the periplasm of E. coli.
A Multi‐Functional Highly Efficient Upconversion Luminescent Film with an Array of Dielectric Microbeads Decorated with Metal Nanoparticles
Authors: Ahn In‐Hwan , Yeo Seon Ju , Jung Kinam , Kang Gumin , Shin Dong‐Hun , Jang Ho Seong , Kim Byunghoon , Nam Minwoo , Kwon Seok Joon , Ko Doo‐Hyun
Published: February 2020

Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) have been integrated with photonic platforms to overcome the intrinsically low quantum efficiency limit of upconversion luminescence (UCL). However, platforms based on thin films lack transferability and flexibility, which hinders their broader and more practical application. A plasmonic structure is developed that works as a multi‐functional platform for flexible, transparent, and washable near‐infrared (NIR)‐to‐visible UCL films with ultra‐strong UCL intensity. The platform consists of dielectric microbeads decorated with plasmonic metal nanoparticles on an insulator/metal substrate. Distinct improvements in NIR confinement, visible light extraction, and boosted plasmonic effects for upconversion are observed. With weak NIR excitation, the UCL intensity is higher by three orders of magnitude relative to the reference platform. When the microbeads are organized in a square lattice array, the functionality of the platform can be expanded to wearable and washable UCL films. The platform can be transferred to transparent, flexible, and foldable films and still emit strong UCL with a wide viewing angle.
Electric‐Field‐Controlled Antiferromagnetic Spintronic Devices
Authors: Yan Han , Feng Zexin , Qin Peixin , Zhou Xiaorong , Guo Huixin , Wang Xiaoning , Chen Hongyu , Zhang Xin , Wu Haojiang , Jiang Chengbao , Liu Zhiqi
Published: February 2020

In recent years, the field of antiferromagnetic spintronics has been substantially advanced. Electric‐field control is a promising approach for achieving ultralow power spintronic devices via suppressing Joule heating. Here, cutting‐edge research, including electric‐field modulation of antiferromagnetic spintronic devices using strain, ionic liquids, dielectric materials, and electrochemical ionic migration, is comprehensively reviewed. Various emergent topics such as the Néel spin–orbit torque, chiral spintronics, topological antiferromagnetic spintronics, anisotropic magnetoresistance, memory devices, 2D magnetism, and magneto‐ionic modulation with respect to antiferromagnets are examined. In conclusion, the possibility of realizing high‐quality room‐temperature antiferromagnetic tunnel junctions, antiferromagnetic spin logic devices, and artificial antiferromagnetic neurons is highlighted. It is expected that this work provides an appropriate and forward‐looking perspective that will promote the rapid development of this field.
Thermodynamic Routes to Ultralow Thermal Conductivity and High Thermoelectric Performance
Authors: Wei Pai‐Chun , Liao Chien‐Neng , Wu Hsin‐Jay , Yang Dongwang , He Jian , Biesold‐McGee Gill V. , Liang Shuang , Yen Wan‐Ting , Tang Xinfeng , Yeh Jien‐Wei , Lin Zhiqun , He Jr‐Hau
Published: February 2020

Thermoelectric (TE) research is not only a course of materials by discovery but also a seedbed of novel concepts and methodologies. Herein, the focus is on recent advances in three emerging paradigms: entropy engineering, phase‐boundary mapping, and liquid‐like TE materials in the context of thermodynamic routes. Specifically, entropy engineering is underpinned by the core effects of high‐entropy alloys; the extended solubility limit, the tendency to form a high‐symmetry crystal structure, severe lattice distortions, and sluggish diffusion processes afford large phase space for performance optimization, high electronic‐band degeneracy, rich multiscale microstructures, and low lattice thermal conductivity toward higher‐performance TE materials. Entropy engineering is successfully implemented in half‐Huesler and IV–VI compounds. In Zintl phases and skutterudites, the efficacy of phase‐boundary mapping is demonstrated through unraveling the profound relations among chemical compositions, mutual solubilities of constituent elements, phase instability, microstructures, and resulting TE properties at the operation temperatures. Attention is also given to liquid‐like TE materials that exhibit lattice thermal conductivity at lower than the amorphous limit due to intensive mobile ion disorder and reduced vibrational entropy. To conclude, an outlook on the development of next‐generation TE materials in line with these thermodynamic routes is given.
Capturing Bubbles and Preventing Foam Using Aerophilic Surfaces
Authors: Rapoport Leonid , Emmerich Theo , Varanasi Kripa K.
Published: February 2020

Bubbles are common in nature and the ability to capture them is advantageous in many industrial applications. Here, the authors propose how surfaces can be designed to capture rising bubbles in a liquid column upon contact. When a rising bubble approaches a horizontal surface, the thin liquid film separating the bubble and the surface needs to be drained for the bubble to be captured by the surface. The authors design aerophilic surfaces that can efficiently drain liquid films upon bubble contact, and show how their ability to catch bubbles relates to their texture parameters. The authors develop a physical model, based on surface slip length and liquid properties, to determine when the film would drain. Then they use these findings to design a plastron encased surface comprising textures across three length scales, which enables capture upon contact and a reduction of two orders of magnitude in capture time relative to a flat surface. Finally, the authors use these principles to create an easily scalable device that passively captures a rising flow of bubbles in a surfactant rich solution. This technology can be utilized to prevent foam from forming in bioreactors and fermentation tanks and eliminate the use of antifoaming agents.
Visible‐Light‐Excited Ultralong‐Lifetime Room Temperature Phosphorescence Based on Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Dots for Double Anticounterfeiting
Authors: Gao Yifang , Zhang Huilin , Shuang Shaomin , Dong Chuan
Published: February 2020

Visible light is ubiquitous and safer than ultraviolet light; however, synthesizing ultralong‐lifetime room temperature phosphorescent (URTP) carbon dots (CDs) with visible‐light excitation remains a formidable challenge. Herein, an easy and fast method for synthesizing visible‐light‐excited URTP CDs is devised. The synthesized CDs have URTP lifetime of 1.51 s which is a relatively long life RTP lifetime ever reported. Furthermore, it is revealed that the dense core of CDs, the formation of long‐chain polymers on the surface, and the presence of hydrogen bond skeleton play a crucial role in the production of URTP. Also, the introduction of the N element is a critical factor in the URTP synthesis as it promotes the n–π* transition and facilitates intersystem crossing (ISC) such that the triplet state is filled with effective excitons. Notably, the CDs demonstrate URTP properties under the excitation of 365 UV light and exhibit URTP under the excitation of visible light. This is a rare report of visible‐light‐excited URTP based on CDs. Considering this excellent property, URTP CDs may be applied in the field of anticounterfeiting. These findings may broaden the path for the development of visible‐light‐excited URTP materials and their applications.
Phenotypic Response and Personalized Medicine in Liver Cancer and Transplantation: Approaches to Complex Systems
Authors: Zarrinpar Ali , Kim Un Bi , Boominathan Vijay
Published: February 2020

Rapid improvements in medical technology, big data analysis, and molecular medicine come with promises of revolutionizing medical care. They span the spectrum from diagnostics to genome‐based drug selection to multi‐biomarker analysis to deciphering large amounts of data. Below, recent developments in personalized and precision medicine are reviewed, focusing specifically on the liver, ranging from fatty liver disease to liver cancer treatment and liver transplantation. Furthermore, current technologies and their advantages and limitations are discussed, in addition to ways in which these disadvantages can be overcome, using phenotypic personalized medicine.
Dial the Mechanism Switch of VN from Conversion to Intercalation toward Long Cycling Sodium‐Ion Battery
Authors: Wei Shiqiang , Wang Changda , Chen Shuangming , Zhang Pengjun , Zhu Kefu , Wu Chuanqiang , Song Pin , Wen Wen , Song Li
Published: February 2020

Transition metal nitrides are promising energy storage materials in regard to good metallic conductivity and high theoretical specific capacity, but their cycling stability is impeded by the huge volume change caused by the conversion reaction mechanism. Here, a simple strategy to produce an intercalation pseudocapacitive‐type vanadium nitride (VN) by one‐step ammonification of V2C MXene for sodium‐ion batteries is reported. Profiting from a distinctive layered structure pillared by Al atoms in the layer spacing, it delivers a high capacity of 372 mA h g−1 at 50 mA g−1 and a desirable rate performance. More importantly, it shows remarkably long cycling stability over 7500 cycles without capacity attenuation at 500 mA g−1. As expected, it is found that the intercalation pseudocapacitance plays an important role in the excellent performance, by using in situ X‐ray diffraction and ex situ X‐ray absorption structure characterization. Even more remarkable, are the high energy and power density of the sodium‐ion capacitor after coupling with a carbon‐based cathode. The hybrid device possesses an energy density of 78.43 Wh kg−1 at power density of 260 W kg−1. The results clearly show that such a unique‐layered VN with outstanding Na storage capability is an excellent new material for energy storage systems.