bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ON THE MOMENTS OF THE 3-PARAMETER GOMPERTZ DISTRIBUTION
Authors: Hakiki Moch Taufik , Adipradana Dimaz Wisnu , Ahmad Imam Safawi , Putri Lahfanda Dista Permata
Published: May 2024

Gompertz distribution is a classical probability distribution extensively used in actuarial science, reliability, and survival analysis. Gompertz distribution also plays a role in various fields, such as biology, economics, and marketing analysis.  Some extensions of this distribution have been studied and applied to various problems. In this article, we are concerned with some statistical properties of a 3-parameter Gompertz distribution. This extension of the Gompertz distribution introduced has been used in studying competing risk survival analysis. Our main results are the derivation of moments of this distribution and other statistical properties related to moments, such as moment generating function, mean residual life function, mean inactivity time and Lorenz curve. These results will serve as a complement to the theoretical aspect of the analysis of the distribution.
OPTIMIZING HEART ATTACK DIAGNOSIS USING RANDOM FOREST WITH BAT ALGORITHM AND GREEDY CROSSOVER TECHNIQUE
Authors: Ardiyansa Safrizal Ardana , Maharani Natasha Clarissa , Anam Syaiful , Julianto Eric
Published: May 2024

Cardiovascular disease stands as one of the primary contributors to global mortality, with the World Health Organization (WHO) reporting approximately 17.9 million deaths annually. Swift and accurate diagnosis of heart attacks is crucial to ensure timely and specialized intervention for patients afflicted by this ailment. A machine learning algorithm that can be employed for addressing such issues is the Random Forest algorithm. However, the efficacy of the model is significantly influenced by the features selected during the training phase. To mitigate this, the Binary Bat Algorithm (BBA) with greedy crossover has been utilized to enhance feature selection within the model. This approach is particularly adept at preventing convergence issues often associated with local minima. The optimal parameters for BBA with greedy crossover are determined to be , , , and . With these parameters, the proposed algorithm identifies the most relevant features, including age, gender, cp, chol, thalach, oldpeak, slope, and ca, achieving an accuracy of 94.19% on the training data and 91.8% on the test data. Furthermore, the precision and recall values for both classes range from 0.87 to 0.96, contributing to an approximate -score of 0.92. The proposed method has increased its -score by 0.05 if compared with the regular Random Forest model. These results underscore the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in providing accurate and reliable predictions for heart disease diagnosis. As such, this model makes diagnosing heart attack more convenient and effective because it does not require too much medical features or patient data. Hopefully, the results of this research help medical practitioners make better and timely decisions in the diagnosis and treatment of heart attacks, as well as assist in planning more effective public health programs for heart attack prevention.
OPTIMIZING LONG TEXT CLASSIFICATION PERFORMANCE THROUGH KEYWORD-BASED SENTENCE SELECTION: A CASE STUDY ON ONLINE NEWS CLASSIFICATION FOR INDONESIAN GDP GROWTH-RATE DETECTION
Authors: Sholawatunnisa Dinda Pusparahmi , Suadaa Lya Hulliyyatus
Published: May 2024

Efficiently managing lengthy textual data, particularly in online news, is crucial for enhancing the performance of long text classification. This study delves into innovative approaches to streamline the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) computation process by harnessing modern data analytics, Natural Language Processing (NLP), and online news sources. Leveraging online news data introduces real-time information, promising to improve the accuracy and timeliness of economic indicators like GDP. However, handling the complexity of extensive textual data poses a challenge, demanding advanced NLP techniques. This research shifts from traditional word-weight-based methods to keyword-based extractive summarization techniques to address this. These tailored approaches ensure that selected sentences align precisely with specific keywords relevant to the research case, such as GDP growth rate detection. The study emphasizes the necessity of adapting summarization methods to capture information in unique research contexts effectively. According to classification results, the implementation of sentence selection successfully demonstrated improved performance in terms of classification accuracy. Specifically, there was an average accuracy increase of 0.0226 for machine learning and 0.0164 for transfer learning models. Additionally, in terms of computational efficiency, sentence selection also accelerates processing time during hyperparameter tuning and fine-tuning, as observed using the same computational resources.
FUZZY APPLICATION (MAMDANI METHOD) IN DECISION-MAKING ON LED TV SELECTION
Authors: Ma'rif Erni Fatun , Abadi Agus Maman
Published: May 2024

Science is now developing very quickly. Information technology has been used in various places. Using computers in business, government, and personal activities shows how important science and technology are in helping human activities. One method used to solve various problems is fuzzy logic. Several types of Fuzzy are classified as Fuzzy Inference Systems (FIS), namely Tsukamoto, Mamdani, and Sugeno. The application of vague logic in making decisions about choosing an LED TV is to make it easier to select electronic media. This research aims to help people who need clarification on the many LED TV choices currently available. So, we need a decision-making method to help people choose an LED TV that suits their needs and budget. One of the methods used in this research is the Mamdani method. There were 50 LED TV brands in this research, and the criteria used in selecting LED TVs were based on size, resolution, and price. An LED TV that meets the medium size, high resolution, and normal price criteria will be purchased. The LED TV data that meets the medium size, high resolution, and normal price criteria is the Samsung UA43AU7000KXXD brand LED TV. However, the actual decision remains based on the buyer's decision.
T-IDEAL AND α-IDEAL OF BP-ALGEBRAS
Authors: Gemawati Sri , M Musraini , Putri Ayunda , Marjulisa Rike , Fitria Elsi
Published: May 2024

This paper explores the characteristics of two distinct ideal types within BP-algebra, specifically T-ideal and -ideal. Initially, we elucidate the characteristics of the T-ideal in BP-algebra, establishing its connections with the perfect, normal, and normal ideal in BP-algebra. Subsequently, we demonstrate that the kernel of a homomorphism in BP-algebra constitutes a T-ideal. Moving forward, we delineate the properties of -ideal in BP-algebra, highlighting its relationships with ideal and filter in the context of BP-algebra. Additionally, we explore the characteristics of -ideal and subalgebra in 0-commutative BP-algebra. Finally, it is proven that the kernel of a homomorphism in 0-commutative BP-algebra can be identified as an -ideal.
CRAMER’S RULE IN MIN-PLUS ALGEBRA
Authors: Putri Zakia Nur Ramadhani , Siswanto Siswanto , Kurniawan Vika Yugi
Published: May 2024

Cramer’s rule is one of a method for solving a system of linear equations in conventional algebra. The system of linear equation  can be solved using Cramer’s rule if . Max-plus algebra is a set  where  is a set of real numbers, equipped with biner operations  and  where  and . Min-plus Algebra is a set  where  is a set of real numbers, equipped with biner operations  and  where  and . In max-plus algebra has been formulated Cramer’s rule to solve a system of linear equations. Because max-plus algebra is isomorphic to min-plus algebra, Cramer’s rule can be formulated into min-plus algebra. The purpose of this research is to determine the sufficient conditions for a system of linear equations can be solved using Cramer’s rule. The method used in this research is a literature study that reviews previous research related to min-plus algebra, max-plus algebra, and Cramer’s rule in max-plus algebra. By using the appropriate analogy in max-plus algebra, we can determine the sufficient conditions so that a system of linear equations in min-plus algebra can be solved using Cramer’s rule. Based on the research, the sufficient conditions for a system of linear equations can be solved using Cramer’s rule are  for  and  with the Cramer’s rule is . For an invertible matrix A, Cramer’s rule can be written as .
PROVINCIAL CLUSTERING BASED ON EDUCATION INDICATORS: K-MEDOIDS APPLICATION AND K-MEDOIDS OUTLIER HANDLING
Authors: Rahmawati Octavia , Fauzan Achmad
Published: May 2024

K-Medoids is a clustering algorithm that is often used because of its robustness against outliers. In this research, the focus is to cluster provinces based on educational level through several assessment indicators. This is in line with improving the quality of education in point 4 of the National Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), namely "Quality Education". One of the points of the National Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) that will still be improved is "Quality Education" which is the 4th point. This is because the success of a country is determined by the quality of good education. The condition of education in Indonesia still overlaps, so it is necessary to do equal distribution of education through clustering. The purpose of this research is to provide the best cluster results according to the Silhouette Index, which then the results of the clustering can be used as a consideration for advancing education in areas that still need attention, through policies or programs that can be developed by educational observers. This research was conducted in 34 provinces in Indonesia. The data source is from Statistical Publications by BPS RI. The method used is K-Medoids, because in this study there were outliers found. In addition to natural K-Medoids, the researcher also wants to compare methods by implementing K-Medoids with outlier handling in the form of imputed mean values and K-Medoids with imputed min-max values. The Silhouette Index results and cluster formation for the three comparators were 0.24 with 2 clusters, 0.26 with 8 clusters and 0.25 with 9 clusters, respectively. What differentiates this research from previous research is the type of outlier handling. Generally, K-Medoids are very indifferent to the existence of outliers. K-medoids is a widely recognized and straightforward clustering approach. Nevertheless, the algorithm's effectiveness might occasionally decline as a result of local outliers and the random selection of beginning medoids
ANALYSIS AND OPTIMAL CONTROL OF TUBERCULOSIS DISEASE SPREAD MODEL WITH VACCINATION AND CASE FINDING CONTROL (CASE STUDY: SURABAYA CITY)
Authors: Maulina Dinda Anisa' , Imron Chairul
Published: May 2024

Tuberculosis is a contagious disease that infects humans. It is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb). It is the largest infectious disease in the world and has become a major global health problem. Therefore, efforts are being made to control the spread of tuberculosis disease through vaccination and case finding, with the aim of reducing the population of latently infected and actively infected individuals. This study discusses the mathematical model of tuberculosis disease spread, disease-free and endemic equilibrium points, and stability analysis around the equilibrium points. Then, using Pontryagin's minimum principle, the optimal control problem is solved numerically by the 4th-order Runge-Kutta method. Based on the analysis and simulation results, the system is asymptotically stable around the disease-free and endemic equilibrium points. Furthermore, optimal control in the form of vaccination of susceptible individuals is required to further suppress the rate of change of susceptible individuals into latent individuals, while control in the form of case finding on latently infected individuals is required until the 9th year to minimize the population size, while on actively infected individuals, it is required until the 8th year to minimize the population size. Providing optimal control resulted in a 100% increase in the susceptible population and a 100% reduction in the latent and infected populations.
MODELLING CRIME RATES IN INDONESIA USING TRUNCATED SPLINE ESTIMATOR
Authors: Juniar Muhammad Althof , Fania Azzahra , Ulya Diana , Ramadhan Rico , Chamidah Nur
Published: May 2024

Criminal acts are actions that violate the law and can arise from various factors such as emotions, psychological pressure, and others. Crime rate is a number that indicate the level of crime vulnerability in a certain area at a certain time. Higher crime rates correspond to increased vulnerability in an area, and vice versa. Among various forms of criminal acts, the number of criminal acts and narcotics crimes in Indonesia tends to increase in 2020 and 2021. The aim of the research is to identify the characteristics of crime rate data based on the number of decency and narcotics incidents in Indonesia using a nonparametric regression approach. This research uses a nonparametric regression method spline truncated and linear regression as comparison. It was found that West Papua Province has the highest crime rate, based on a comparison between linear regression model and truncated spline nonparametric regression model, it can be concluded that the best model is the truncated spline nonparametric regression model with a Generalized Cross Validation (GCV) of 2468.487 and a coefficient of determination of 0 .7389091, indicating that approximately 73% of the variability of the dependent variable can be explained by the independent variables included in the model.
THE UNINFORMATIVE PRIOR OF JEFFREYS’ DISTRIBUTION IN BAYESIAN GEOGRAPHICALLY WEIGHTED REGRESSION
Authors: Faisal Fachri , Pramoedyo Henny , Astutik Suci , Efendi Achmad
Published: May 2024

When using the Bayesian method for estimating parameters in a geographically weighted regression model, the choice of the prior distribution directly impacts the posterior distribution.
The distribution known as the Jeffreys prior is an uninformative type of prior distribution and is invariant to reparameterization. In cases where information about the parameter is not available, the Jeffreys' prior is utilized. The data was fitted with an uninformative Jeffreys' prior distribution, which yielded a posterior distribution that was utilized for estimating parameters. This study aims to derive the prior and marginal posterior distributions of the Jeffreys'  and  in Bayesian geographically weighted regression (BGWR). The marginal posterior distributions of  and  can be obtained by integrating the other parameters of a common posterior distribution. Based on the results and discussion, the Jeffreys prior in BGWR with the likelihood function  is . On the other hand, the marginal posterior distribution of  follows a normal multivariate distribution, that is, , while the marginal posterior distribution of  follows an inverse gamma distribution, that is,  . As further research, it is necessary to follow up on several limitations of the results of this research, namely numerical simulations and application to a particular case that related to the results of the analytical studies that we have carried out.
ENSEMBLE CNN WITH ADASYN FOR MULTICLASS CLASSIFICATION ON CABBAGE PESTS
Authors: Sovia Nabila Ayunda , Wardhani Ni Wayan Surya
Published: May 2024

Image classification is a complex process influenced by various factors, one of which is the amount of image data. In the context of cabbage pest classification, data often exhibits a significant class imbalance, where certain pests are more prevalent than others. This imbalance can pose challenges during model training and evaluation, potentially leading to biases in favor of the majority pests and reduced accuracy in identifying and classifying the less common ones. This research aims to enhance the classification performance for multiclass data specific to cabbage pests. We propose an ensemble learning approach that combines Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Bagging methods. To address the imbalance issue inherent in cabbage pest data, we employ the Adaptive Synthetic Sampling (ADASYN) resampling technique. The CNN acts as the primary image identifier and classifier for various cabbage pests. Subsequently, the CNN model is integrated into SVM and Bagging models to mitigate the challenges of imbalanced data in pest classification. The research outcomes demonstrate that our ensemble approach, in conjunction with the ADASYN resampling technique, achieves an impressive accuracy rate of 97%, signifying its potential for improved cabbage pest detection and classification.
MODELING CHRONIC FILARIASIS CASES IN WEST JAVA USING A MULTIVARIATE ADAPTIVE APPROACH REGRESSION SPLINES
Authors: Kurniawan Ardi , Firmansyah Mochammad , Saifudin Toha
Published: May 2024

One of the most crippling infectious diseases in the world is filariasis. Indonesia is a unitary country with 34 provinces, where West Java is one of the 5 provinces with the most filariasis sufferers in Indonesia as of 2021. Reinfection occurs in places that have implemented POMP. Therefore, monitoring operations must be carried out to track the emergence of new cases and risk factors for transmission. The aim of this research focuses on describing and modeling the number of chronic filariasis in West Java, as well as interpreting the best model results obtained. The method used is a method with a nonparametric regression approach, namely Multivariate Adaptive Regression Spline. The results of the research show that the best model obtained is a combination of 15 base functions, maximum interaction 2, and minimum observation between knots 1. From this model, the predictor variable that has the most influence on the response variable in order based on the level of variable importance is the Percentage of Population Access to Facilities Decent Sanitation, Percentage of Households with Clean and Healthy Behavior (PHBS), Sex Ratio, and Percentage of Poor Population. The interpretation of the best model is that the variable Percentage of Population Access to Adequate Sanitation Facilities above 6,650% will contribute to a reduction in the number of chronic filariasis; the Sex Ratio variable below 103,300 will contribute in the form of a reduction in the number of chronic filariasis. it can be seen that the predictor variable that has the most influence on the response variable is the variable Percentage of Population Access to Proper Sanitation Facilities  with an importance level of 100%.
CANONICAL CORRELATION ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIC GROWTH AND UNEMPLOYMENT RATE
Authors: Purwadi Joko , Gumelar Bagus , Widiantoro Tri , Ningsih Zhilvia Noviana
Published: May 2024

The paper discusses the relationship between economic growth and the unemployment rate in Indonesia in each province in 2021. Both variables are considered as the dependent variable and there are 5 independent variables used in this research such as human index development, wage minimum region, poor citizens percentage, investment, and farmer rate value in each province. The method used to analyze is canonical correlation analysis, which is one of the dependent methods that are used for multivariate analysis. This method was used to determine which variable had the most significant relationship between dependent and independent variables, the data was taken from the Center of Statistics Bureau Indonesia in 2021. The result shows that among independent variables the human index development had the strongest relation it had 79%, while the correlation between the dependent and independent variable the unemployment rate gives the strongest influence it is 68%.
THE CLEANNESS OF THE SUBRINGS OF M_2 (Z_P)
Authors: Alfiana Shinta Nur , Puspita Nikken Prima , Widowati Widowati
Published: May 2024

Let  be a ring. Ring  is said to be a clean ring if every element of R can be expressed as the sum of a unit and an idempotent element. Furthermore, there are r-clean rings. An r-clean ring is a generalization of a clean ring. In an r-clean ring, all of its elements can be represented as the sum of a regular element and an idempotent element.  Moreover, strongly r-clean rings were introduced. A strongly r-clean ring is a ring where every element of the ring can be expressed as the sum of a regular and an idempotent element, and the multiplication of that regular and idempotent is commutative. On the other hand, there is a ring of the set of matrices over ring  denotes by . In this paper, we will discuss the cleanness properties, especially strongly r-clean of the subring of . The aims of this paper are to find the characteristics of strongly r-clean of the subring of . Here, we assumed that  is a ring of matrix over .
ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE USER SATISFACTION IN GOJEK USING THE FUZZY DEMATEL METHOD
Authors: Putri Elisa Ananda , Sari Devni Prima
Published: May 2024

Gojek is one of the most popular online transportation services in Indonesia. The success of Gojek is closely tied to user satisfaction. There are five factors influencing user satisfaction: service quality factor (A), price factor (B), ease of use factor (C), perceived benefit factor (D), and online servicescape factor (E). This research aims to identify which factors most significantly affect user satisfaction with Gojek services among students of the Mathematics Department at UNP. This study in applied research that is described using fuzzy DEMATEL and employs primary data obtained from questionnaire responses. The population of this study consists of students from the Mathematics Department at FMIPA UNP who enrolled in 2022, with a sample size of 75 students using the proportional random sampling technique. The results of this research indicate a significant relationship between the service quality factor (A) and price factor (B). With respective y coordinates of 0.583 and 2.074, the researcher can conclude that the price factor has the most significant influence on user satisfaction with Gojek among students of the Mathematics Department at FMIPA UNP in the 2022 cohort.
A New Field Test With Different Floors To Measure Dynamic Balance Among Preschool Children
Authors: Güçhan Topçu Zehra , Hacıküçük Hatice , Çetintaş Erdoğan , Tomaç Hayriye , Obuz Tuğba , Şeker Nazan , Eker Levent
Published: May 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the test-retest reliability and inter-rater reliability of a newly designed balance test named the Paediatric Tandem Balance (PTB) test.
Materials and methods: 108 children (girls: 54) with a mean age of 4.08±0.78 were included in the study. Two raters measured the same children for inter-rater reliability, and the first rater retested the same children after two days for test-retest reliability. Time and sway numbers were recorded as the variables of the PTB test.
Results: The inter-rater reliability was good in both parameters of PTB which were duration (r=0.836) and number of sways (r=0.840). The test-retest reliability was good in both duration (r=0.727) and number of sways (r=0.705). The PTB test is a reliable test to measure dynamic balance in 3-5 years old children.
Conclusion: This test will bring a new point of view for tests of dynamic balance.
The Principle of Fiduciary Duty in Single-Member Limited Liability Company
Authors: Simbolon Yolanda
Published: May 2024

Limited Liability Company in Indonesia has a conceptual expansion since the Job Creation Law has enacted. There are two types of Limited Liability Company currently, capital partnership limited liability company and single-member limited liability company. One of the most significant changes to the concept of limited liability company is related to its organs. Single-member limited liability company consists of director who also serve as shareholder. The expansion concept raises questions regarding the application of fiduciary duty to single-member limited liability company. This research uses conceptual and statute approach. The conclusion from this research is that in single-member limited liability company, there is only director who also become shareholder, thus there is no supervisory function by the board of commissioner. Secondly, the director in single-member limited liability company still has the obligation to carry out the responsibilities with the principle of fiduciary duty.
An integrated optimization model for procurement and production lot sizing and scheduling problems
Authors: Rosyidi Cucuk Nur , Permatasari Hani Aninda Intan , Laksono Pringgo Widyo
Published: May 2024

Lot sizing is a prevalent issue within manufacturing companies, where determining the optimal procurement and production lot sizes is crucial for maximizing profits. This problem has become more complex, given that numerous suppliers can provide the same raw materials with different prices and quantity discount schemes. A company should also determine optimal carriers to deliver materials to the company’s warehouse. In a manufacturing process, the company should determine the optimal production lot size and its schedules. In this paper, a model was developed to solve simultaneously procurement and production lot sizing, as well as production scheduling problems. The model encompasses multiple suppliers offering quantity discounts, aiming to maximize company profit by accounting for various costs, including procurement, production, inventory, and quality costs. A case study is taken from a company producing noodles and its related derivative products to illustrate the application of the model. Based on the optimization results, the company obtained a total profit of IDR. 14,656,550,000 or $950,921.30 (the exchange rate of $1 at IDR. 15,413). The sensitivity analysis results show that the objective function is sensitive to changes in the purchase cost, sale revenue, and discount rate parameters. The decision variables for accepted product demand, product quantity, and the starting and completion time of product family are only sensitive to changes in certain parameters. Meanwhile, the decision variables for product inventory, product backlog, raw material inventory, and purchased raw material quantity are sensitive to the changes in all the analyzed parameters.
The impact of cleaner production strategy on Sustainable supply chain performance
Authors: Al-Humairi Sadiq Kamel Obaid , Ali Mahmood Fahad Abd , Abbas Ali Abdulhassan
Published: May 2024

There is a paradigm shift occurring in organizations towards sustainable production through cleaner production strategies. This cleaner production concept has been proven to be cost-effective, result-oriented, environment-savvy and provides the organizations a cutting edge over their counterparts. However, there is a lack of awareness about cleaner production practices in Iraq while the current study analyzed one of the most important factories in Iraq for sugar production to understand the factors required for successful application of cleaner production strategy and the challenges to be expected. In this study, the researchers followed an exploratory research approach. For this study, a questionnaire was designed, validated and distributed randomly among 700 potential respondents working in various departments of the organization under study. Out of the total responses, 482 responses were considered and SEM-PLS analysis was conducted. The cleaner production strategies were applied through nine dimensions and the relationship between the performance of the factory and sustainable supply chain was found to be prominent. With a few limitations such as the choice of a single factory, weak relationship between the variables identified from hypothesis testing, the study is a first-of-its-kind in this domain, especially in dealing with sugar refineries. Based on the outcomes, policy recommendations were made to the decision makers and the government. It can be concluded that the application of modern technologies and effective resource management can help in achieving the goal of the study.
Innovative acoustic emission method for monitoring the quality and integrity of ferritic steel gas pipelines
Authors: Świt Grzegorz , Ulewicz Małgorzata , Pała Robert , Adamczak-Bugno Anna , Lipiec Sebastian , Krampikowska Aleksandra , Dzioba Ihor
Published: May 2024

This article presents a comprehensive improvement in the experimental analysis of cracking processes in smooth and sharp V-notched samples taken from gas transport pipelines, utilizing the acoustic emission (AE) method. The research aimed to establish a robust correlation between the failure mechanisms of uni-axially tensile samples and the distinct characteristics of AE signals for enhanced quality management in pipeline integrity. The study encompassed materials from two different straight pipe sections, encompassing both long-term used materials and new, unused materials. Through the application of the k-means grouping method to AE signal analysis, we achieved the identification of AE signal parameters characteristic of various stages of the material destruction process. This advancement introduces a significant improvement in monitoring and managing the operational safety of pipeline networks, offering a methodology that leverages advanced acoustic emission signal analysis. The outcomes present significant implications for the pipeline industry by proposing methods to enhance safety systems and more effectively manage the integrity and quality of gas infrastructure.
Word searches and fluency during problem-solving tasks: a mixed-methods study of L1 Finnish and L2 English interaction
Authors: Peltonen Pauliina , Lintunen Pekka
Published: May 2024

Word searches (WSs) have been widely studied in L1 and L2 interaction but have rarely been combined with fluency research. The present study bridges the gap between these research fields by examining WSs and their connections to fluency in L1 and L2 dialogue data. From a larger project, 50 participants’ dialogues (25 L1 Finnish, 25 L2 English) were analyzed for WSs. The mixed-methods analyses focused on potential differences and connections in WS use across the L1 and L2 dialogues and the connections between WSs and fluency among selected participants. The results demonstrated differences especially in the use of solitary WSs across L1 and L2 and some connections between L1 and L2 WSs among individual participants, despite group-level connections not being statistically significant. The qualitative analyses illustrated the potential fluency-enhancing functions of collaborative WSs. The study has implications for L2 speech fluency research and L2 teaching.
Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of a Topical Extended-Release Analgesic in Mice
Authors: Simmons Taylor , Hish Gerry , Martin Tara L , Lester Patrick A
Published: May 2024

Mice often undergo painful procedures and surgeries as part of biomedical research protocols. Buprenorphine, a partial μ-opioid receptor agonist and κ receptor antagonist, is commonly used to alleviate the pain associated with such procedures. Due to its pharmacokinetic profile, buprenorphine requires frequent dosing, resulting in handling stress that can impact animal welfare and study data. A long-acting transdermal buprenorphine formulation (LA-bup) was recently approved for use in cats to provide up to 4 d of postoperative analgesia. In this study, we characterized the pharmacokinetics of a single topical dosing of LA-bup in male and female CD-1 mice administered a 0.36-mg or 18-μL topical dose at select time points. Plasma buprenorphine concentrations were evaluated at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 4, 8, 24, 48, and 72 h (n = 3 mice/time point) and remained above the purported therapeutic threshold (1 ng/mL) from 1 to 24 h postadministration. Repeated daily dosing at 24 and 48 h demonstrated plasma levels above 1 ng/mL for up to 72 h with minimal accumulation or changes in maximal concentrations over time. Inadvertent transfer of the topical drug to nondosed mice in the same cage was evaluated by measuring plasma buprenorphine concentrations in nondosed mice cohoused with a single-dosed mouse. Male mice did not demonstrate transfer of drug via grooming or interactions, yet 2 out of 26 nondosed female mice had detectable buprenorphine plasma levels indicating a relatively low incidence of cross-ingestion in cohoused female mice. This study demonstrates that LA-bup is a promising analgesic in mice that could be used for tailored analgesia strategies, depending on the surgical model or duration of analgesic therapy.
IDENTIFIKASI KANDUNGAN SENYAWA MERKURI (Hg) PADA KRIM PEMUTIH WAJAH YANG BEREDAR DI PASAR AMPARITA
Authors: Lidiawati Dewi , Mubarak Syahrul , Yulan Yulan , Rombe Yunita Pare
Published: May 2024

Logam merkuri (Hg) adalah salah satu bahan berbahaya yang diduga terkadung didalam beberapa jenis kosmestik, yang dapat menimbulkan kerusakan pada organ tubuh jika digunakan dalam jangka panjang dan juga dapat bersifat toksik. Krim pemutih yang tidak terdaftar BPOM perlu diteliti kandungannya, karena krim tersebut banyak dijual bebas di pasaran, memiliki harga yang relatif jauh lebih murah, serta mudah diperoleh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya kandunngan senyawa merkuri pada krim pemutih yang beredar di pasar Amparita yang di uji dengan dengan metode reaksi reduksi oksidasi menggunakan pelarut spesifik, berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan diperoleh dari 8 sampel krim pemutih wajah 7 sampel diantaranya diduga positif mengandung merkuri dan 1 sampel diantaranya negatif mengandung merkuri. Hasil ini didapatkan dari pengujian dengan menggunakan pelarut spesifik yaitu KI yang ditandai dengan adanya endapan berwarna merah/jingga, untuk pelarut NaOH ditandai dengan adanya endapan kuning pada sampel dan untuk pelarut SnCl2 dan HCl ditandai dengan adanya endapan erwarnah putih pada sampel.
DESKRIPSI PEMAHAMAN KONSEPTUAL SISWA PADA KONSEP STRUKTUR ATOM DAN SISTEM PERIODIK UNSUR (SPU)
Authors: Kisdiono Toyib Febri
Published: May 2024

Students' conceptual understanding of chemistry material is very important because good conceptual understanding can help to solve a problem, connect it with other relevant knowledge, and make it easier to study related material. This research aims to describe students' conceptual understanding of atomic structure and SPU material. This study employs a qualitative descriptive research method and approach. The research instrument is a multiple-choice test, with 25 questions divided into six indicators. We collected data through written tests. The data analysis process employs descriptive statistics, specifically using percentages. The research shows that students have a good understanding of all of the indicators. They understand that 42.59% of students in the sufficient category understand how electrons, protons, and neutrons relate to isotopes, isotones, and isobars. However, 33.70% of students in the poor category understand and can figure out the electron configuration. 19.16% of students in the very poor category can figure out the quantum number. 32.10% of students in the poor category can figure out periods and groups in SPU. And 32.10% of students in the less category have a good understanding of the periodicity of elements. The research results show that there is a need to improve the learning process, either through the application of learning models or the use of appropriate learning media, so that students' conceptual understanding can increase.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE NUMBER HEAD TOGETHER (NHT) TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR KOGNITIF PESERTA DIDIK PADA MATERI ASAM BASA DI KELAS XI IPA SMA ADVENT MANOKWARI
Authors: Sari Novi Dian , Fahzal Nur Arifah Adila , Faisal Faisal
Published: May 2024

This study aims to determine the influence and differences in cognitive learning outcomes among students using the NHT-type cooperative learning model. This research uses a pre-experimental design in the form of a one-group pretest-posttest design. The sampling technique involves gathering data through observation, interviews, posttests, and documentation. The results obtained were a mean pretest score of 42.09 and a posttest mean of 74.96. The hypothesis test yielded a t-test with a Sig value (2-tailed) of 0.000, indicating a significant impact on the cognitive learning outcomes of students taught using the NHT type cooperative learning model, with a 78% influence. The N-Gain analysis, with a value of 0.61, classifies the students' understanding of the acid-base material with NHT as moderate.
Диалог о глобализации, культуре и цивилизации
Authors: Чумаков Александр , Кан Оуян
Published: May 2024

The article presents two original points of view on the most important topics of modern global studies. The topic is discussed from the perspective of Russian and Chinese scientists. During the conversation, which took place following the results of a lecture delivered by the Russian philosopher at the Chinese university, the participants of this conversation discussed the possibilities of dialogue in the modern world, where global processes are closely intertwined with cultural and civilizational trends of social development. Their positions on a number of significant issues are close or completely coincide. At the same time, the topics related to the definition of globalization, as well as the understanding of culture, civilization and the relationship between them, are clearly debatable in this dialogue. At the end of the conversation, which is conducted in a constructive spirit from the perspective of various philosophical systems, the authors agree on the need to continue the creative dialogue on emerging differences.
Глобальная система здравоохранения: основные черты и особенности
Authors: Абылгазиев Игорь , Васецова Елена , Терешенков Александр
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the problem of understanding global health as a multidimensional political phenomenon. It is shown that global health system is a political-institutional and managerial model that involves the transformation of principles, institutions and practices of international cooperation in the field of public health, taking into account the current crisis trends of planetary development and current threats of the 21st century. The authors argue that the implementation of a system approach in the process of studying global health as a complex configuration involves the allocation of three levels of analysis of its specifics and structural organization: conceptual-semantic (doctrinal), institutional-organizational and func-tional-practical.
Крипторегулирование в постпандемийный период: настоящее и будущее
Authors: Мосакова Елизавета
Published: May 2024

The article examines the approaches of national governments to the legal regulation of cryptocurrency circulationf in the post-pandemic period. It is shown that at present the positions of the authorities are diametrically different – from prohibition or significant restriction to the development of a special crypto-regulation. The conclusion is substantiated that in order to minimize the risks from the introduction of cryptocurrencies into the financial sector, it is necessary to develop crypto-legislation in the near future and it is advisable to start with the creation of regional regulatory mechanisms and an effective supranational regulatory structure.
Digital media’s portrayal of climate change challenges during COP27 climate summit
Authors: Radwan Ahmed Farouk , Ayyad Khayrat
Published: May 2024

The study aims to investigate how digital media frame and present environmental issues and challenges of climate change in terms of four environmental and climate challenges: mitigation, adaptation, finance, and collaboration. The study also seeks to understand the extent that government bodies mobilize digital media to disseminate and promote necessary environmental challenges during COP27 climate summit in Egypt. The study uses the discourse analysis approach to define the key themes and issues that are portrayed and to understand how digital platforms reflected the conference agenda and climate change challenges. We analyzed 119 posts and news reports published on the conference website and Instagram account during November 2022. Results revealed that the platforms framed challenges of climate change during COP27 in many ways: the opportunity to find solutions, the urgency to address climate issues, and taking immediate actions in terms of transparency, adequate finance, ease of support flow, cooperation, participation, and youth involvement. Furthermore, the data indicate that the finance challenge has a strong relationship with all themes and challenges presented and discussed on the platforms. This indicates that African countries benefited from hosting COP27 by presenting their environmental concerns, the financial, and technological challenges they face in order to obtain global support.
Factores motivacionales y permanencia académica en estudiantes de ingeniería
Authors: Canto González Guadalupe Natalia , Chimal Cen María Francisca , Martínez Espinosa Lucía Esther
Published: May 2024

El presente trabajo muestra los resultados de una encuesta de quince preguntas aplicada a estudiantes de la carrera de Ingeniería en Administración del Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Valladolid (ITSVA) de Yucatán, con la que se buscó identificar factores motivacionales que tienen impacto en su rendimiento y permanencia academica. El trabajo se sustentó en una investigación documental, la cual se complementó con información relacionada con el ámbito educativo y psicológico, así como con investigaciones similares en otras instituciones. A partir del análisis de los resultados se recuperó la propuesta de una estretegia educativa en medios digitales cuyo propósito es motivar la permanencia de los estudiantes en la carrera de su elección.
Comorbid Condition Induced by Lichenoid Tuberculosis of the Skin and Lichen Planus. Significance of a Multidisciplinary Approach to Timely Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Manvelova K.A.
Published: May 2024

In Ukraine, all cases tuberculosis (TB) of the skin are classified as «extrapulmonary TB», which complicates the accurate determination of disease prevalence. Clinical cases of skin TB require a multi­disciplinary approach for diagnosis, particularly for differential diagnosis from chronic dermatoses with similar morphological skin lesions and for treatment.
Objective — to conduct a differential diagnosis and determine the presence of comorbid pathology in a patient exhibiting clinical manifestations typical of both lichenoid tuberculosis of the skin and lichen planus. This involves utilising a suite of modern diagnostic procedures, including pathohistological analysis and Doppler laser flowmetry.
Materials and methods. We observed a patient, B., born in 2005, who presented with skin lesions characteristic of both lichenoid TB of the skin and lichen planus. According to the patient's history, the duration of the disease was 4 years. Using laser Doppler flowmetry with a Vingmed SD-100 flowmeter (Medata, Sweden), we measured microcirculation and its standard deviation, coefficient of variation and maximum amplitude of slow, fast and pulse oscillations in the affected areas and visually unchanged skin (3—4 cm from the rash elements). Pathohistological examinations were also conducted in the areas of efflorescence.
Results and discussion. Considering the clinical examination data, results of comprehensive laboratory and pathohistological research, and indicators of laser Doppler flowmetry in the areas of skin lesions, a comorbid condition caused by lichenoid TB of the skin and lichen planus was diagnosed. The patient was referred to a phthisiologist at his place of residence for comprehensive specific treatment with antitubercu­lar drugs. The patient was also recommended to undergo dermatological monitoring to assess the effectiveness of the pathogenetic therapy prescribed for lichen planus.
Conclusions. The variety of clinical forms of skin TB and a number of chronic dermatoses, particularly lichen planus, as well as the similarity in the clinical picture of morphological elements of the skin rash in these diseases, necessitate a multidisciplinary approach and the execution of a complex of clinical, specialised laboratory, pathohistological and modern diagnostic instrumental studies. These enable timely differential diagnosis of skin lesions, including comorbid conditions, and the prescription of rational comprehensive therapy. The use of laser Doppler flowmetry to determine the state of dermal blood circulation in the affected skin areas is an important additional diagnostic test in the differential diagnosis of some chronic dermatoses or in determining a comorbid state.
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Resistance — Stages of Drug Resistance Formation (Review)
Authors: Todoriko L.D. , Petrenko V.I. , Shevchenko O.S. , Noreiko S.B. , Semianiv I.O. , E. Lesnik E.
Published: May 2024

The review contains an analysis of the latest research on molecular genetic aspects of the formation of resistance in tuberculosis patients to avoid it during use of modern treatment programs.
Objective — to assess the situation with the evolution of resistance of Mycobacteria tuberculosis and the stages of drug resistance development using materials from available databases.
Materials and methods. The research has been completed for the period from 2014 to 2024. The next stage with the establishment of a systemic topological and metric computer analysis of the results allowed us to see the most informative sections of the research topic that are clearly associated with the formation mechanisms of drug-resistance in pulmonary tuberculosis. The most complete database of available literary sources was obtained (about 50 out of 502 analyzed arrays).
Results and discussion. Ukraine is among the thirty countries with a high burden of tuberculosis with multiple drug resistance (MDR-TB). The main threat to the effectiveness of tuberculosis treatment in Ukraine is late detection of the disease and determining the sensitivity of the pathogen, which is the main prerequisite for prescribing adequate treatment. The situation with MDR-TB in Ukraine remains difficult in the conditions of war against the background of the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, the total number of such cases for 2023 was 1,955 patients, of which 1,326 were new cases. The number of cases of tuberculosis with extended resistance (XDR-TB) was 228, of which 136 patients were diagnosed for the first time.
Conclusions. The question of studying the genetic aspects of the formation of drug resistance of M. tuberculosis with the determination of the role of polymorphic variants of genes encoding xenobiotic metabolism systems in tuberculosis infection remains relevant to understand the mechanisms of interaction in the process of implementing hereditary information at the holistic level of the organism in order to increase the effectiveness of treatment and prevent the formation of resistance.