bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
18F-FDG PET radiomics-based machine learning model for differentiating pathological subtypes in locally advanced cervical cancer
Authors: Liu Huiling , Lao Mi , Chang Cheng , Zhang Yalin , Yin Yong , Wang Ruozheng
Published: July 2023

Purpose
To determine diagnostic performance of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT) radiomics-based machine learning (ML) for classification of cervical adenocarcinoma (AC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).
Methods
A total of 195 patients with locally advanced cervical cancer were enrolled in this study, and randomly allocated to training cohort (n = 136) and validation cohort (n = 59) in a ratio of 7:3. Radiomics features were extracted from pretreatment 18F-FDG PET/CT and selected by the Pearson correlation coefficient and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis. Six ML classifiers were trained and validated, and the best-performing classifier was selected based on accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC). The performance of different models was assessed and compared using the DeLong test.
Results
Five PET and one CT radiomics features were selected and incorporated into the ML classifiers. The PET radiomics model constructed based on the lightGBM algorithm had an accuracy of 0.915 and an AUC of 0.851 (95% CI, 0.715–0.986) in the validation cohort, which were higher than that of the CT radiomics model (accuracy: 0.661; AUC: 0.513 [95% CI, 0.339–0.688]). The DeLong test revealed no significant difference in AUC between the combined radiomics model and the PET radiomics model in both the training cohort (P = 0.347) and the validation cohort (P = 0.776).
Conclusions
The 18F-FDG PET radiomics model can be used as a clinically applicable tool for differentiating pathological subtypes in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer.
Elastic solids with strain-gradient elastic boundary surfaces
Authors: Rodriguez Casey
Published: July 2023

Recent works have shown that in contrast to classical linear elastic fracture mechanics, endowing crack fronts in a brittle solid with Steigmann-Ogden surface elasticity yields a model that predicts bounded strains at the crack tips for plane-strain problems. However, a logarithmic singularity is still present in general for anti-plane shear (mode-III fracture) even when Steigmann-Ogden surface elasticity is incorporated.
Motivated by obtaining a model of brittle fracture capable of predicting bounded strains for all modes of loading, we formulate an exact general theory of a bulk solid containing a boundary surface with strain-gradient surface elasticity. For planar reference surfaces parameterized by flat coordinates, the form of surface elasticity reduces to that introduced by Hilgers and Pipkin, and when the surface energy is independent of the surface gradient of the stretching, the theory reduces to that of Steigmann and Ogden. We give a full discussion of material symmetry using Murdoch and Cohen's extension of Noll's theory. We present a model quadratic surface energy that incorporates resistance to geodesic distortion, satisfies strong ellipticity, and requires the same material constants found in the Steigmann-Ogden theory.
Finally, we derive and apply the linearized theory to mode-III fracture in an infinite plate. We prove that there always exists a unique classical solution to the governing integro-differential equation, and in contrast to using Steigmann-Ogden surface elasticity, our model is consistent with the linearization assumption in predicting finite stresses and strains at the crack tips.
Early development of Acacia longifolia is more severely impacted by water and nutrient stress in invasive than native seedlings
Authors: Vicente Sara , Condessa Mónica , Trindade Helena , Roux Johannes J. Le , Máguas Cristina
Published: July 2023

The legume Acacia longifolia (Andrews) Willd. is native to southeast mainland Australia and Tasmania and has two described subspecies: A. l. ssp. longifolia and A. l. ssp. sophorae. The species has been introduced around the world and is considered invasive in several Mediterranean-type climate regions, including in South America, South Africa, and southern Europe. Previous studies comparing native and invasive populations of A. longifolia have focused on its reproductive ecology and population genetics, and little information exists on the species’ early life development and how abiotic factors influence it. Here, we performed a glasshouse experiment to compare the phenotypic responses of native and invasive (in Portugal) A. longifolia seedlings to different levels of water and nutrient availability. We found that seedlings of both subspecies responded similarly to different water and nutrient availability conditions in terms of biomass accumulation, root length, number of phyllodes, phyllode water content, and root:shoot ratio. However, compared to native seedlings, invasive seedlings had limited capacities for stress responses. We found that invasive seedlings had lower drought tolerance than native seedlings, and thus the speed of invasion by A. longifolia into drier parts of Portugal may be hindered. Our results also hint of a possible role of seed “imprinting” in this species’ early growth responses, resulting in different resource allocation strategies such as favouring early growth and development over drought resistance in the invaded range. Further studies are required to better understand the species’ abiotic stress responses at the intraspecific level and their relation to its invasiveness.
Predicting Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Using Patients’ Clinical Symptoms, Demographic Features and Knowledge of Diabetes
Authors: Ojurongbe Taiwo Adetola , Afolabi Habeeb Abiodun , Oyekale Adesola , Bashiru Kehinde Adekunle , Ayelagbe Olubunmi , Ojurongbe Olusola , Abbasi Saddam Akber , Adegoke Nurudeen A.
Published: July 2023

Background: Type 2 diabetes is often undiagnosed until complications arise, which highlights the importance of health checkups. However, certain populations exhibit low adherence to these checkups, largely due to differences in socioeconomic constraints, financial capacity, and variations in self-care and routine medical habits. Given these circumstances, the urgency of developing effective predictive tools for type 2 diabetes becomes clear.
Methods: To address this, we routinely collected health checkup data from patients with diabetes and used their clinical symptoms, demographics, and diabetes knowledge to predict the disease onset. Data from 444 Nigerian patients were used to develop a predictive model, with 80% of the dataset selected for training and the remaining 20% for testing.
Results: Multivariable penalised logistic regression, with an AUC of 98% for the training set and 93% for the test set, was used to predict diabetes type. The model included fasting blood glucose (FBS), waist-hip ratio (WHR), triglycerides (TG), and catalase as informative features. Increased odds ratios of type 2 diabetes were associated with FBS (adjusted odd ratio (AOR) = 1.25; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.22 - 1.28, p-value < 0.0001), WHR (AOR = 1.24; 95% CI = 1.21-1.27, p-value < 0.0001), and TG (AOR = 1.12, 95% CI= 1.08-1.16, p-value <0.0001). In contrast, a decreased odd ratio of type 2 diabetes was associated with catalase (AOR = 0.85; 95% CI= 0.83-0.88, p-value < 0.0001).
Conclusion: Our study revealed associations between clinical symptoms and type 2 diabetes. It emphasises the importance of early diagnosis and helps in accurately predicting diabetes risk. A web-based application is provided to facilitate the early identification of at-risk individuals, thereby potentially alleviating health complications and bridging the care gap resulting from inconsistent health checkups.
Correlation between Adolescent Knowledge of Sunscreen Pollution and Sunscreen Habits
Authors: Joseph Aidan
Published: July 2023

Sunscreen Pollution is described as the entrance of sunscreen products into waterways thereby polluting them. Sunscreens have the potential to harm numerous aquatic organisms which have impacts on coastal communities. It is generally accepted that micron-sized inorganic sunscreens are less harmful than other types, however it is unknown to what extent this is recognized by adolescents and whether this knowledge has any relation with their choice of sunscreen. A survey was adapted from Casas-Béltran et al and modified to resolve this. This was administered to 3 high schools on Long Island, New York. Results indicated that adolescents using micron-sized inorganic sunscreens were more knowledgeable about sunscreen pollution than those who used organic sunscreens and those who did not apply sunscreen (p = .046, p = .045). Also a relative minority of participants indicated that they knew sunscreens were harmful to aquatic wildlife (10/62). Additionally, it was estimated 0.0279 tons of sunscreen were discharged yearly during the summertime by adolescents into waterways surrounding Long Island which is a large figure. These findings suggest that further education of the issue of sunscreen pollution and what the least harmful sunscreens are may lead to more micron-sized inorganic sunscreen use and lessen the effects on the environment.
Seasonal dynamics in microbial plankton reveals the ecological importance of fungi in shallow lake food webs
Authors: de Paula Caio César Pires , Vrba Jaroslav , Borovec Jakub , Tomkova Iva , Slanzon Giovana , Barta Jiri , Simek Karel , Sorf Michal , Benedova Zdenka , Sulcova Jana , Rehakova Klara , Matousu Anna , Sirova Dagmara
Published: July 2023

Introduction:
High-trophy shallow lakes, both natural and artificial, have become the most common type of lentic waterbodies worldwide. They are key for maintaining landscape ecological stability; however, we still have very limited understanding of processes driven by the microbes at the lowest trophic levels in these systems, especially fungi, or drivers that shape them under conditions of extreme eutrophication. This makes predicting the behavior or resilience of shallow lakes under ongoing climate-related changes in nutrient and organic matter inputs difficult.
Methods
We attempted to fill in some of the knowledge gaps regarding the diversity, function, biotic interactions, and environmental drivers affecting planktonic microbial communities (bacteria and fungi) in hypertrophic shallow lakes in the context of seasonal changes, by combining amplicon sequencing data, co-occurrence network analyses, information on zooplankton and phytoplankton composition, abundance, and activity, as well as detailed chemical analyses, including characterization of dissolved organic matter. As experimental locations, we selected nine artificial hypertrophic ponds in the Czechia.
Results
Planktonic bacterial and fungal diversity was found to be relatively high, although most fungal sequences could not be identified at the phylum level. Fish biomass and activity (bioturbation) was found to have an overriding effect on microbial assemblage structure. The chemical characteristics of DOM, including its estimated complexity/bioavailability, phytoplankton abundance and composition, as well as the abundance of grazing zooplankton, were significant drivers affecting the composition and relative abundance of microbes. The effect was highly species and sampling time specific. Actinomycetota dominated the cross-domain co-occurrence networks, however fungal taxa (predominantly Basidiomycota and Ascomycota) constituted a significant proportion of nodes (up to 28%). The positive correlation observed between specific yeast genera and rotifer abundance points to a grazing association, which represents a potentially important, but so far unexplored trophic link.
Conclusions
Given the prevalence of the potentially significant ecological interactions between fungi, organic matter characteristics and degradation, bacteria, phytoplankton, and grazers found in this study, we believe that aquatic fungal biomass and activity, coupled with isolation and characterization efforts, should become one of the priorities in the research of shallow lake ecology, as well as aquatic microbial ecology in general.
Variable Yield Responses among Grafted and Nongrafted Late blight–resistant Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Hybrids in North Carolina
Authors: Reeves Ella R. , Strayer-Scherer Amanda , Panthee Dilip R. , Gardner Randolph , Meadows Inga M.
Published: July 2023

Host resistance is an environmentally and economically sustainable disease management strategy that may be especially beneficial to small-scale and organic growers for whom other management tools such as synthetic pesticides are too costly or not permitted. In western North Carolina, the demand for vine-ripened tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) from local and organic farms has led to the development of cultivars bred for resistance to geographically relevant diseases, including late blight of tomato, which causes rapid defoliation and lesions on fruit. Grafting tomato plants has the potential to increase plant vigor and yield; however, this effect is known to be dependent on multiple factors, including scion and geographic location. In this study, we evaluated the yield response of one determinate (‘Mountain Gem’) and four indeterminate (‘Mountain Heritage’, ‘Mountain Girl’, ‘Mountain Rouge’, and ‘NC10291’) late blight–resistant tomato cultivars, grafted on tomato rootstock ‘Maxifort’ or nongrafted, on a commercial farm and at two research facilities in western North Carolina. Yield of marketable fruit from grafted plants was greater than that from nongrafted plants at one location (P = 0.008); however, yield response of each cultivar, grafted or not grafted, differed by location. Yield was consistently greater from ‘Mountain Gem’ plants than other cultivars, and grafted ‘Mountain Gem’ plants had greater yields later in the season at two locations than nongrafted plants. Because of the late planting date intended to expose cultivars to the late blight pathogen, the full yield potential of the indeterminate cultivars was not realized at all locations. Disease severity caused by Verticillium wilt (Verticillium dahliae Kleb., Verticillium albo-atrum Reinke & Berthold) was lowest for cultivar Mountain Heritage at two of three locations. Results from this study emphasize the importance of conducting evaluations of grafted tomato plants at multiple locations, including on farm, to optimize the benefits associated with their use.
Razvoj višejezične kompetencije učenika u osnovnoškolskom obrazovanju iz perspektive učitelja jezika, stručnih suradnika i ravnatelja
Authors: Knežević Željka , Šenjug Krleža Ana , Petravić Ana
Published: July 2023

Važnu osnovu za razvoj višejezične kompetencije učenika pruža koncept cjelovitog jezičnog kurikula koji osigurava uključivanje svih jezičnih znanja učenika u nastavu jezika, stvaranje međujezičnih poveznica te razvoj jezične svjesnosti i svjesnosti o učenju jezika. Čimbenici koji utječu na primjenu ovog koncepta na razini pojedine škole između ostalog su: vođenje škole, suradnja odgojno-obrazovnih djelatnika, odgovarajući nastavni postupci te uvjerenja i stavovi svih članova škole kao obrazovne zajednice. U svrhu utvrđivanja mogućnosti implementacije cjelovitih jezičnih kurikula u školsko obrazovanje u Republici Hrvatskoj kvalitativnim metodama istraživanja ispitana su uvjerenja učitelja materinskog i stranih jezika, stručnih suradnika i ravnatelja o razvoju višejezične kompetencije učenika. Također su prikupljeni iskazi ispitanika o načinima poticanja višejezičnog obrazovanja u nastavi pojedinog jezičnog predmeta i na razini škole. Analiza podataka pokazuje da među ispitanicima prevladavaju jednojezična uvjerenja o razvoju višejezične kompetencije te da iako većina ispitanih učitelja navodi da primjenjuje usporedbu jezika u svom poučavanju, gotovo u potpunosti izostaje sustavno povezivanje međujezičnih znanja učenika kao i sustavna suradnja u planiranju i provođenju jezičnog obrazovanja na razini škole.
Samoprocjena razine zadovoljstva i samopouzdanja u pjevačkim aktivnostima budućih odgojitelja i učitelja
Authors: Blašković Galeković Jelena
Published: July 2023

Pjevanje je način glazbenoga izričaja utkan u bît ljudskoga bića. Budući da je glas intimni instrument i oku nevidljiv, zahtijeva cjelovito upoznavanje i kultiviranje što podrazumijeva muskulatornu memoriju, kondiciju i stjecanje senzibiliteta za osluškivanje kvalitete zvuka. U sustavu odgoja i obrazovanja pjevanje je dio strukturiranoga programa s ciljem razvijanja pjevačkih sposobnosti i općenitoga oblikovanja glazbene kulture sudionika odgojno-obrazovnoga procesa. Osjećaj samopouzdanja i viđenje sebe kao kompetentnoga i osposobljenoga stručnjaka na području pjevanja od iznimne je važnosti za kvalitetan rad u struci odgojitelja i učitelja. Cilj rada bio je ispitati studente Ranog i predškolskoga odgoja i obrazovanja i studente Učiteljskog studija Učiteljskog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu kako doživljavaju i procjenjuju svoje pjevačke sposobnosti prema elementima pjevanja koje treba njegovati u radu s djecom. Istraživalo se koliko uživaju u pjevačkim aktivnostima, kako procjenjuju svoje zadovoljstvo i osjećaj samopouzdanja prilikom prakticiranja pjevanja te postoji li povezanost između zadovoljstva i samopouzdanja pri pjevanju s vrstom i godinom studija. Istraživanje je provedeno u akademskoj godini 2021./2022., a obuhvatilo je 162 ispitanika. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju kako su studenti Učiteljskog fakulteta zadovoljni vlastitim pjevačkim sposobnostima te ih procjenjuju dobrima. S druge strane, osjećaju manjak samopouzdanja i sigurnosti prilikom izvođenja pjevačkih aktivnosti tijekom visokoškolske formacije. T-test je pokazao kako postoji statistički značajna razlika u procjeni zadovoljstva pjevačkim sposobnostima između studenata Ranoga i predškolskoga odgoja i obrazovanja te Učiteljskog studija. Kruskal-Wallis testom utvrđeno je postojanje statistički značajnih razlika između studenata viših godina studija u procjeni većega zadovoljstva i višega samopouzdanja pri pjevačkim aktivnostima u odnosu na studente nižih godina studija.
On the resurgent structure of quantum periods
Authors: Gu Jie , Mariño Marcos
Published: July 2023

Quantum periods appear in many contexts, from quantum mechanics to local mirror symmetry. They can be described in terms of topological string free energies and Wilson loops, in the so-called Nekrasov-Shatashvili limit. We consider the trans-series extension of the holomorphic anomaly equations satisfied by these quantities, and we obtain exact multi-instanton solutions for these trans-series. Building on this result, we propose a unified perspective on the resurgent structure of quantum periods. We show for example that the Delabaere-Pham formula, which was originally obtained in quantum mechanical examples, is a generic feature of quantum periods. We illustrate our general results with explicit calculations for the double-well in quantum mechanics, and for the quantum mirror curve of local \mathbb{P}^2ℙ2.
Developments and Potential Management Issues of a Perennial Hot Selling Cut Flower Case
Authors: Feng Chi-Fong , Huang Li-Chun , Chiu Yu-Chan
Published: July 2023

Purpose. The commercial life of cut flower varieties was generally considered to be as short as fashion. However, this study provides an example of a perennially popular cut flower variety that offers an alternative perspective on the potential of the cut flower market.
Methods. Semi-structured interview and qualitative document analysis.
Results. This article presents an analysis of the evolution of the cultivation and sale of a popular cut flower species over time. It also discusses the impact of a trading company on various stakeholders in the supply chain, as well as relevant business and legal considerations.
Conclusions. This article highlights the importance of effective management of the Notification Letter, related agreements and intellectual property rights, taking into account the potential legal and business implications arising from the relevant transactions and statute of limitations. In addition, the article provides valuable insights for breeders and stakeholders seeking to establish identities for new plant varieties in markets, highlighting the importance of understanding the supply chain and implementing appropriate intellectual property strategies and portfolios, such as trademarks and plant variety rights, to facilitate business success.
Use of Ultrasound to Check Diaphragmatic Thickness to Assist in Weaning
Authors: Sasikumar Rajani
Published: July 2023

Dysfunction of the respiratory muscles is now considered to be a serious complication of critical health issues. Diaphragm dysfunction has been associated to higher mortality and complications weaning with mechanical ventilation in patients getting invasive mechanical ventilation treating acute respiratory failure. Diaphragm dysfunction can occur in mechanically ventilated patients for a variety of factors, involving disuse atrophy with mechanical ventilation. Therefore, it is becoming increasingly essential for clinical and research priorities to measure and track diaphragm contractile activity, structural dimensions, as well as strength during mechanical ventilation. It is generally accepted that ultrasound may be used to visualize the diaphragm. The key indicators of diaphragm function have been developed over the past 15 years for mechanically ventilated patients to monitor changes in diaphragm size as well as function over time, to evaluate and diagnose diaphragmatic dysfunction, and to determine whether these indices can predict successfully exiting mechanical ventilation. These indices include diaphragm thickness, thickening fraction, as well as excursion. Keywords: Diaphragm, Diaphragm thickening fraction, Diaphragmatic excursion, Ultrasound, Weaning.
Negócios Sociais e Desenvolvimento Sustentável
Authors: Bittencourt Flora Thamiris Rodrigues , Balog Daniela Longobucco Teixeira , Sinay Maria Cristina Fogliatti de , Zouain Deborah Moraes
Published: July 2023

O empreendedorismo sustentável vem sendo debatido recentemente, uma vez que as organizações estão combinando os seus esforços econômicos com ações em prol do bem-estar social e ambiental. Surge na sociedade o conceito de negócios sociais, organismos autossustentáveis, que impactam positivamente por meio da criação de projetos socioambientais e geram receitas como qualquer outra empresa dentro da lógica tradicional capitalista. Dessa forma, o objetivo principal do artigo consiste em analisar como é realizado o desenvolvimento sustentável em negócios sociais, por meio de um estudo exploratório e descritivo em fontes digitais, analisando uma amostra de negócios sociais com a apresentação de suas ações e serviços e quais os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODSs) estão de acordo. Como metodologia, esta pesquisa segue abordagem qualitativa. Quanto aos fins é exploratória e descritiva e quanto aos meios foi realizada pesquisa de campo nos sites de dez empresas localizadas no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. O método da pesquisa foi baseado na análise de conteúdo. Os principais resultados indicam que as empresas executam ações como logística reversa, reciclagem, compostagem, recuperação dos solos e replantio. Apresentam ainda determinadas características como cultura socioambiental, qualificação de mão de obra, identidade, igualdade de gênero, habilidades e atitudes voltadas para conservação do meio ambiente. Conclui-se que os negócios sociais precisam se profissionalizar cada vez mais e estar atentos às práticas mais modernas de gestão no mercado atual, pois ainda há uma falta de conhecimento e atitude para provocar mudanças nos âmbitos administrativo, financeiro e estratégico.
Retrato de uma vida em comunidade: o relato de si ante a duas modalidades de desenvolvimento
Authors: Radomsky Guilherme Francisco Waterloo
Published: July 2023

Neste artigo, o tema do desenvolvimento é abordado considerando eventos e relatos da vida individual coletados em entrevista qualitativa. O estudo é oriundo de pesquisa realizada em 2003 em um pequeno município da microrregião de Montenegro, no Rio Grande do Sul, entre o Vale do Caí e a Serra Gaúcha. Foi privilegiado um único caso de entrevista para análise e o objetivo principal é mostrar o engajamento ético individual por parte do entrevistado construído ao longo da vida junto à comunidade. Esta situação ocorre num contexto específico de entendimento a respeito de como o desenvolvimento precisa ser buscado e atingido. Os resultados do cotejo entre as abordagens teóricas e o material empírico sugerem que, ao relatar a si mesmo, é possível chegar aos confins nos quais a experiência individual se percebe, procurando, assim, dar conta de si somente por meio da relação com os outros, das memórias e das expectativa com os projetos de futuro organizados socialmente. Como considerações finais, observa-se que neste caso individual existe um engajamento ético do sujeito com problemas do passado e do futuro da comunidade em que vive, especialmente mostrando que os processos de desenvolvimento obedecem a lógicas distintas e articuladas: uma que o entende enquanto um processo imanente de “progresso” no tempo e outra que supõe a necessidade de esforços individuais e coletivos de intervenção, correção e construção
Competitividade do Brasil e dos Principais Exportadores Mundiais no Mercado de Madeira Serrada
Authors: Fonseca Novaes Hoisel Taísa , Meneghel Danilevicz Vatsi , Soares Naisy Silva , Profice Christiana Cabicieri
Published: July 2023

Este trabalho analisou a competitividade brasileira e dos principais exportadores mundiais de madeira serrada, de 1990 a 2020. Além do Brasil, foram estudados os principais exportadores mundiais: Canadá, Rússia, Suécia, Estados Unidos e Finlândia. As análises foram realizadas com os indicadores Vantagem Comparativa Revelada, Posição Relativa de Mercado, Indicador de Contribuição do Saldo Comercial, Taxa de Cobertura e Comércio Intraindústria. Os resultados indicaram que o Canadá se destaca em termos de competitividade, assim como a Finlândia. O Brasil apresentou-se como uma nação competitiva no mercado internacional de madeira serrada nos últimos anos, mesmo não tendo apresentado os maiores índices de competitividade nesse mercado.
Oralidade e Voz – Grandes Oradores da História
Authors: Scheffler Ciechowicz Vanessa Taís , Vieira Euselia Paveglio
Published: July 2023

Este artigo tem como objetivo trazer grandes oradores da História, mostrando a importância, a relação e a influência que estes nomes causaram com a sua oralidade, discursos e sua voz. Neste contexto, a pesquisa visa a contribuir para o conhecimento sobre o poder que a oralidade e a voz têm dentro de uma sociedade e qual o real valor a ela atribuído. Utiliza-se de referenciais bibliográficos e assume a característica de pesquisa exploratória e descritiva, de caráter qualitativo. Procura-se incluir o elemento da voz e da oralidade como um instrumento forte e real para o sucesso em influenciar pessoas e formação de opinião. Trata-se de discutir sobre como o sucesso de um bom orador sob um ponto de vista que coligue a subjetividade, as agudezas, os significados e os sentidos construídos social, cultural e historicamente, nos contextos da história da eloquência. Busca-se, a partir de um resgate histórico, percorrer trilhas que conduzam à reflexão de quais são os artifícios, atributos, técnicas de oralidade, eloquência e dicção de quem utiliza a sua voz e oralidade para conseguir expor as suas ideias e somente com o discurso conseguir passar credibilidade e confiança, tanto no trabalho quanto na vida social. Conclui-se esta pesquisa bibliográfica com a sua contribuição para o conhecimento sobre o poder que a oralidade e a voz têm dentro da história da comunicação, assim como a sua importância no âmbito histórico, analítico e profissional.
 
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Oralidade; Voz; Grandes Oradores; História; Eloquência.
Bir Avrupa Ordusu Kurmak Mümkün mü?: Tarihsel Tecrübeyi Anlamak ve Bir Gelecek Öngörüsü
Authors: ERKUL İbrahim Çağrı
Published: July 2023

Avrupa tarihinde görülen savaş ve barış arasındaki döngü, siyasal gerçekliğin beraberinde getirdiği düşünce yapısını ve eylemleri, Avrupalı devletler için geri döndürülemez bir biçimde pekiştirmiştir. Avrupa Birliği modeli, bahsi geçen siyasal gerçeklik anlayışına karşı çıkarak üye olan devletler arasında barışı mümkün kılmış ve bir güvenlik sistemi olarak işlevini yerine getirerek başarılı olmuştur. Ancak Avrupa Birliği üyesi ülkeler, aynı başarıyı uluslarüstü bir Avrupa Savunma Topluluğu’nun veya bir Avrupa ordusunun kurulması noktasında gösterememiştir. Bu başarısızlığa ilişkin olarak makale Soğuk Savaş sırasında bir Avrupa ordusu fikrinin başarısızlığa uğramasına neden olan ana sorunların, Soğuk Savaş sonrası dönemde de göreli olarak değişmediği iddiasındadır. Bu iddianın açıklanabilmesi için makalede öncelikle Avrupa ordusu fikrinin düşünsel olarak ortaya çıkışı, II. Dünya Savaşı sonrasında Batı Avrupa’nın yüzleştiği ortak tehdit temelinde incelenecektir. Ayrıca Avrupa ordusu fikrinin uygulanmasında karşılaşılan temel zorluklar ve burada yaşanan gelişmeler, özellikle Fransa’nın sorunlu tutumu temelinde ele alınacaktır. Akabinde hem Soğuk Savaş dönemi hem de Soğuk Savaş sonrası dönemde otonom ve işlevsel bir Avrupa ordusu niçin kurulamadı ve AB üyesi ülkeler gerçekten bir Avrupa ordusu kurmak istiyorlar mı? sorularına Avrupa bütünleşmesi, güvenlik, askerî konular, dış ilişkiler ve egemenlik özelinde çok yönlü olarak yanıt aranacaktır. Son olarak tarihsel süreçten elde edilen derslerin yanında Avrupa Birliği’nin ABD ve NATO ile ilişkileri, Brexit ve uluslararası ilişkilerde yaşanan güncel gelişmeler dikkate alınarak Avrupa ordusu ile ilgili bir gelecek öngörüsünde bulunulacaktır.
Ceza Muhakemesinde İstinabe Uygulamasının Sanığın Duruşmada Hazır Bulunma Hakkı Bağlamında Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: DOĞAN İdris , BOZDAĞ Ahmet
Published: July 2023

Duruşmada hazır bulunma hakkı, sanığın, hakkında yürütülen kovuşturmanın duruşma evresinde mahkeme huzurunda bizzat hazır bulunabilme ve bu evrede gerçekleştirilen işlemlere katılabilme hakkıdır. Sanığın duruşmada hazır bulunma hakkının temeli, kaynağını Avrupa İnsan Hakları Sözleşmesi’nin 6. maddesinde düzenlenen adil yargılanma hakkına dayanmaktadır. Bu hak, aynı zamanda Avrupa İnsan Hakları Sözleşmesi’nin 6/3. maddesi ile sanığa tanınan asgari hakların kullanılabilmesinin de ön koşulu niteliğinde bir hak olarak kabul edilebilir. Adil yargılanma hakkının gereği olarak ceza muhakemesinde sanığın hükmü verecek olan mahkeme huzurunda bizzat hazır bulunması, tanıkların da sanığın hazır bulunduğu bir duruşmada ve hükmü verecek olan mahkeme tarafından bizzat dinlenmesi gerekmektedir. İstinabe yönteminde ise sanık veya tanık, hükmü verecek olan mahkeme dışındaki bir mahkeme tarafından dinlenmekte ve bu dinlemeye ilişkin tutanaklar hükmü verecek olan mahkeme tarafından değerlendirilerek karara varılmaktadır. Bu durum, ceza muhakemesinde doğrudan doğruyalık ilkesi ve sanığın duruşmada hazır bulunma hakkına istisna teşkil etmekte ve adil yargılanma hakkı bakımından önemli sorunlar doğurmaktadır. Ceza muhakemesinde Ses ve Görüntülü Bilişim Sistemi’nin (SEGBİS) kullanımının yaygınlaşmasıyla birlikte istinabe yönteminin kullanımı azalsa da uygulamada halen sanığın dinlenmesi amacıyla bu yönteme başvurulduğu görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, ceza muhakemesinde istinabe yönteminin kullanımı, AİHM, AYM ve Yargıtay’ın son dönemde verdiği kararlar ışığında değerlendirilmiş; istinabe yönteminin kullanımı nedeniyle sanığın duruşmada hazır bulunma hakkının ihlaline yönelik ortaya çıkan sorunlar tespit edilerek çözüm önerilerinde bulunulmuştur.
1957 Genel Seçimleri: Taşrada Değişen Siyaset Dengesi
Authors: AYDIN Tülay
Published: July 2023

1960 Darbesine giden süreçte kritik bir önem ihtiva eden 1957 genel seçimleri gerek uygulama ve gerekse sonuçları itibariyle iktidar ve muhalefet partilerinin kaderini belirleyici bir süreç doğurmuştur. Bu süreçte ülkenin içinde bulunduğu siyasi ve sosyo-ekonomik koşullar çerçevesinde gerilen siyasi hava, seçimleri ve sonuçlarını da etkilemiştir. Uzun süre iktidarda bulunmuş olan CHP’nin muhalefete geçtiği 1950-1960 yılları evresinde DP’nin hızlı yükselişi aynı hızda bir düşüş ile sonuçlanmıştır. Bu düşüşün en önemli göstergesi olan 1957 seçimlerini önceki seçimlerden farklı kılan nokta düşüşün ve değişimin seçmene de yansıyan boyutu olmuştur. Özellikle bazı taşra illerinde seçmen tercihinin taban tabana zıt bir değişime uğraması ilginç görünmektedir. 1957 seçimleri bu yönüyle hem DP tarihinde hem de Türk siyasal hayatında önemli ve özel bir konuma sahiptir. Bilhassa taşra illerinde beklenenin aksine sonuçlar alan DP’nin bu neticeyi iyi okuyamamış olması ise partinin kaderinde bir dönüm noktası olmuştur. DP’nin son iki seçim sonucu elinde tuttuğu Adana, Çankırı, Elâzığ, Gümüşhane, Maraş, Niğde, Sivas, Tokat, Urfa ve Uşak’ta 1957 yılında ortaya çıkan CHP zaferinin ve DP’den bu sert kopuşun sebeplerini ele alan bu çalışmada bu taşra illerinde değişen siyasi dengenin ipuçları incelenmektedir. Çalışma bahsi geçen illerin hem yerel siyasi parti teşkilatlarında yaşanan kopuş ve karmaşayı hem de DP ve CHP parti merkezlerinin izlediği stratejilerin 1957 seçim sonuçlarını etkilediği kanaatindedir. Yerel ve ulusal gazeteler ve literatür çalışmaları esas başvuru kaynağı niteliğindedir.
Dijitalleşen Toplumda Dijital Kültür ve Espor
Authors: AKKAYA Cihan
Published: July 2023

Bu çalışmada dijital kültürün sporu nasıl etkilediği üzerinde durulmuş ve spor kültüründe meydana getirdiği değişimler ele alınmıştır. Bu bağlamda öne çıkan espor hem oyun kültüründe hem de spor kültüründe dijital teknolojilerle şekillenen bir olgu ve spor dalıdır. Esporun spor olarak kabul edilip edilemeyeceği ve esporun sağlıkla ilişkisi üzerine tartışmalar mevcuttur. Bu tartışmalar esporun toplumdaki yerini ve dijital kültür ile olan karşılıklı ilişkisini göstermektedir. Yaşadığımız dünyanın ayrılmaz bir parçası olan dijital kültür, toplumu birçok yönden dönüştürmektedir. Bu dönüşümün spordaki en önemli tezahürlerinden biri olarak espor öne çıkmaktadır. Espor zaman içerisinde geçirdiği dönüşümler nedeniyle artık farklı nitelikler taşımakta ve artık her dijital oyun espor olarak kabul edilmemektedir. Esporun geniş bir kitleye hitap etmesi ve izleyicilerinin büyük çoğunluğunun oyunculardan oluşması onu oyun kültürü içerisinde farklı bir yere konumlandırır. Dijitalleşen toplumda sağlık ve espor tartışmaları da yaşanmaktadır. Dijitalleşme geçmişte sadece bir oyun olarak görülen video oyunlarını dönüştürerek spor dünyasına yerleştirmiş ve sporun geleneksel anlamlarını – hareket etme, efor sarf etme, sağlıklı olma- tartışılır hâle getirmiştir. Tüm bu gelişmeler esporun spor dünyası içinde yerini giderek sağlamlaştırdığını ve spor olarak görülme potansiyeli taşıdığını göstermektedir. Espor ile ilgili istatistikler de bu olgunun sosyo-kültürel ve ekonomik değerini ortaya koymaktadır. Espor endüstrisinin küresel pazar gelirinin 2025 yılında 1,87 milyar dolar olacağı tahmin edilmektedir. Espor hayranlarının sayısının 2025 yılına kadar dünya çapında 318 milyonu geçmesi beklenmektedir. Dünya çapındaki internet kullanıcılarının neredeyse %82'si espor oyunlarını oynamaktadır.
Pedagogical aspects of training students with low motivation
Authors: Maminov Sergei Valerevich
Published: July 2023

In this article, we will look at some pedagogical approaches and strategies that can help educators work effectively with students with low motivation. For example, setting realistic and achievable goals, relevance and practicality, support and encouragement.
Las obligaciones de medios, de resultado y de garantía en la configuración de la responsabilidad contractual en el derecho civil chileno
Authors: Schopf Olea Adrián
Published: July 2023

En este artículo se sostiene que la calificación de la obligación contractual como una obligación de medios, una obligación de resultado o una obligación de garantía atiende preponderantemente al riesgo asumido por el deudor respecto de la efectiva satis-facción del interés contractual del acreedor. La esfera de riesgos asumida por el deudor condiciona, a su vez, los requisitos, las excusas y, en último término, la naturaleza de su responsabilidad contractual por inobservancia del contrato. Ello presupone asumir que la responsabilidad contractual no está constituida por un supuesto legal único, sino que por un conjunto dife-renciado de supuestos legales, los que resultan aplica-bles en función de la naturaleza de la obligación conratada: responsabilidad por culpa en las obligaciones de medios, responsabilidad estricta u objetiva en las obligaciones de resultado y responsabilidad absoluta o a todo evento en las obligaciones de garantía. Las disposiciones legales que regulan la responsabilidad contractual en el Código Civil son lo suficientemente flexibles y abiertas para una construcción diferenciada como la planteada, la que resulta concordante con los desarrollos del derecho comparado.
Esfera pública, cidadania multicultural e formação crítica em jurgen Habermas
Authors: Menezes Anderson de Alencar
Published: July 2023

A temática que envolve este trabalho é de grande complexidade pelas relações imbricadas no mesmo. Penso que a questão da Esfera Pública numa ótica habermasiana se assinala a partir de algumas notas características. Primeira, deve-se realçar o aspecto Multicultural da cidadania, aspecto que recebe especial signifi cado na compreensão habermasiana, pois, insere-se na dimensão de Esfera Pública, algo fundamental na compreensão habermasiana. A segunda está contida na dimensão formativa da obra habermasiana que nos leva a compreender a Interculturalidade a partir da dimensão de Estado Pós- Nacional e suas implicações éticas e educativas no que toca à dimensão da aprendizagem social. A terceira envolve a temática em geral, pois nos apresenta a cidadania como um espaço de construção numa sociedade democrática, tarefa explícita da cidade educadora. De fato, este pensamento nos remete ao princípio da fi losofi a habermasiana que é a postulação de uma ação comunicativa como via de regra para o estabelecimento de uma sociedade esclarecida e emancipada.
La manumisión en la provincia de Popayán, 1821-1851: La influencia de las élites esclavistas payanesas
Authors: Munoz Pabon Maria Alejandra
Published: July 2023

Este trabajo analiza los procesos de manumisión de esclavos que se dieron en la provincia de Popayán entre 1821 y 1851. El estudio muestra que las élites esclavistas payanesas lograron obstaculizar los mecanismos dispuestos para liberar la mano de obra, especialmente antes de 1845. Las estrategias intentaron retardar el final del sistema esclavista e incluyeron la manipulación del marco legal, la exportación de esclavos, el entorpecimiento del funcionamiento administrativo de las juntas de manumisión cantonales y otras maniobras jurídicas para impedir la liberación de los esclavos a través de mecanismos ajenos a las juntas.
La idea de la “economía del cuidado” como creadora de valor económico no tiene fundamento teórico
Authors: Cataño José Félix
Published: July 2023

La justa lucha feminista por la igualdad de género y la emancipación total de las mujeres se dirige, sobre todo, a eliminar las desigualdades o discriminaciones que ellas sufren en todas las esferas de la sociedad (políticas, deportivas, sexuales, culturales, científicas, económicas) y a lograr una sociedad de igualdades y de reconocimiento de los distintos géneros, etc. En lo que respecta la esfera de los hogares, todos reconocemos que las actividades domésticas son importantes para la vida y la reproducción de la población y la sociedad (reproducción, educación, cuidado de adultos, parejas y niños, etc.). Frente a esta realidad aparecen dos fenómenos: primero, la discriminación entre los géneros, dado que es evidente que las tareas más duras y obligadas recaen sobre las mujeres, impidiendo una apropiación plena de sus tiempos libres y haciendo patente la desigualdad frente a los hombres[1]; y segundo, se solicita una remuneración de estas actividades domésticas con el fin de realizar una compensación económica a las personas afectadas.

[1] Nótese que esta discusión no implica cuál género realiza las tareas domésticas. La discriminación de géneros se reconoce como generada por la discriminación cultural.
Identifying low-performing regions in Moroccan education: A deep learning approach using the PISA dataset
Authors: Tammouch Ilyas , Elouafi Abdelamine , Eddarouich Souad , Touahni Raja
Published: July 2023

This study highlights the ongoing nature of the school reform movement, emphasizing the need for continuous attention and action. Despite this effort, academic performance has exhibited relative stability in recent years, while significant regional performance disparities persist. Addressing these inequalities requires novel approaches to enhance educational quality. Past research has explored clustering algorithms in developed countries, providing insights into personalized teaching strategies based on students' learning style preferences. In response, our research aims to identify underperforming regions in Morocco, necessitating attention and intervention. We employ an unsupervised deep learning method called "deep embedding clustering" to group Moroccan students based on their performance. The results are subsequently visualized on a choropleth map, revealing intricate patterns and trends in educational performance that might not be immediately apparent. The analysis employs the comprehensive program for international student assessment (PISA) dataset, encompassing individual students' responses and plausible values reflecting cognitive abilities. The findings indicate that the "Guelmim-Oued Noun" region exhibits the highest performance level among all regions, while "Dakhla-Oued Eddahab," "Béni Mellal-Khénifra," and "Oriental" regions display lower performance levels. As a result, this study urges policymakers to incorporate tailored measures into regional policies to improve students' educational outcomes.
Investigation of the phenomenon of current transition EuGa-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-S-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=-:Er-=SUP=-3+-=/SUP=- crystals
Authors: Tagiyev O. B.  , Kazimova F. A.  , Hadjiyeva G. S.  , Ibragimova T. Sh.  , Asadov E. G.  , Tagiyev K. O.
Published: July 2023

The results of studying the static current-voltage characteristics of EuGa2S4:Er3+crystals at room temperature are presented. The mechanism of current passage in them is revealed. The height of the potential barrier at the metal-semiconductor interface (0.9 eV), the relative permittivity of crystals (3.1), and the concentration of traps (N~ 7.14· 1016 cm-3) were calculated, and the shape of the potential well for the electrons trapped in the traps was determined Keywords: current-voltage, metal-semiconductor, crystals, potential barrier,erbium
Labor market impacts of destructive California wildfires
Authors: Luo Tian
Published: July 2023

The severity and destruction of wildfires in California have increased in magnitude every decade since the late 1900s. Some researchers have studied the impacts of wildfires on people’s health and earnings and on the environment, but few have studied their impacts on the labor market. In this article, I estimate the impacts of destructive wildfires on short-term employment changes by using a generalized difference-in-difference modeling approach with an event-study specification (impacts of an event over time). Although the impacts are small at the overall (cross-industry) level, the analysis of this article shows that specific industries generally had much larger impacts during the analysis period of 2003 through 2021. For example, construction, the most visibly affected industry, had a statistically significant employment growth rates of from 5 percent to 10 percent for at least 18 months postfire. Professional and business services also had significant employment growth rates of up to 5 percent for at least 18 months postfire.
Evaluation of mutans streptococci concerning oral health in the saliva of pregnant women
Authors: Jassim Al-zahraa J. , Aldhaher Zainab A.
Published: July 2023

Pregnancy is a physiological condition that affects a woman's life, including susceptibility to oral disease. Increased levels of female hormones impact the growth of periodontal pathogenic bacteria. In several mutants, Streptococci levels are said to be greater during Pregnancy. Thus, the cariogenic bacteria predominating in plaque and saliva will develop more acids through fermentation, leading to dental caries. The present study aimed to assess (Decay and Decayed, Missing and Filled Surface) value and mutans streptococci counts in pregnant and non-pregnant women. The method was applied to 80 women, with an age range of 20 to 30 years. The study group comprised 60 pregnant women divided into three equal trimester groups (20 pregnant women in each trimester), while the control group consisted of 20 married non-pregnant. The salivary samples were collected under standardized conditions for microbiological analysis and oral examination done by caries experience (Decay and Decayed, Missing and Filled Surfaces). Results revealed that Decayed, Missing and Filled Surfaces value and mutans Streptococci count was higher in (study groups) in comparison to (control group) in addition to the correlation between the viable count of mutans streptococci (CFU×105 /ml) and DMF appeared positive significant result in this study.

Keywords: Pregnant women, DMFs, mutans streptococci.
Response of fruits of two pomegranate cultivars to dipping with Chitosan during cold storage
Authors: Sami Rashid Zeina , Hazbar Khazaal Zena
Published: July 2023

The study was carried out in one of the cold stores in Diyala Governorate; the fruits of two cultivars of pomegranate, Salimi and Shami, were collected from the orchards of Diyala Governorate, Khirnabat village, from trees aged 5-6 years. The storage treatments were as follows: two cultivars of pomegranate, Salimi sour and Shami, the fruits were dipped in Chitosan at a concentration of 2% for 5 minutes, in addition to the control treatment (dipping in distilled water only). The fruits were stored at a temperature of 8 ± 1 ° and relative humidity of 85-90% for three months, and measurements were taken at intervals (beginning of storage after 45 days of storage, and after 90 days of storage). The results were analyzed with a factorial experiment with CRD design, and the averages were compared with the LSD test with a probability level of 0.05. The cultivar was significantly superior in the percentage of total soluble solids) 14.10(, anthocyanin pigment)3.005( and total soluble solids / total acidity (TSS/TA)( 19.59) compared with Shami cultivar, while Shami cultivar was significantly superior in total acidity(1.232 ) and vitamin C )26.80(content over Salimi cultivar, the treated fruits with Chitosan at a concentration of 2% gave a clear superiority in the amount of total acidity,( 1.232) the amount of vitamin C(26.80) and the amount of anthocyanin pigment in the fruits compared with the control treatment. At the same time, there was no significant effect of Chitosan on total soluble solids (TSS)( 13.77 ) and TSS/TA(19.26 ). The results also showed that the amount of TSS, the total acidity and the juice content of vitamin C was significantly decreased with the continuation of storage compared with the beginning of storage at the time when the accumulation of anthocyanin(2.209 ) pigment and TSS/TA(19.53) was increased, there was an apparent effect of the interaction between treatments on the storage characteristics of pomegranate fruits.
Keywords: Pomegranate, Chitosan, Fruit and Storage