bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Projeto Político-Pedagógico de Especialização na UNIVESP: Análise das Diretrizes da Educação a Distância
Authors: Pimenta Pedro Henrique , De Assumpção Carolina Carvalho , Mello Felipe de Souza , Bianchini Maria Letícia de Oliveira , Pessoa Washington Freire
Published: July 2024

O presente artigo promove a análise de conteúdo do Projeto Político-Pedagógico do curso de Especialização em Processos Didático-Pedagógico para Cursos na Modalidade a Distância da Universidade Virtual do Estado de São Paulo (UNIVESP), com o objetivo de discutir a forma e o conteúdo que se apresentam, assim como o perfil institucional que se desenha através da articulação do curso como um todo. A escolha deste último como objeto de investigação se deu por ser uma instituição estadual pioneira em ensino superior no formato virtual e, portanto, traz perspectivas inovadoras sobre a formação e atuação docentes, além da própria vivência empírica dos/as autores/as. A questão central da pesquisa é: como as escolhas das regulamentações institucionais organizam e orientam a especialização de profissionais da educação? Para respondê-la, consideramos o intitulado “Projeto Pedagógico de Curso” — enquanto um registro formal e válido das propostas e caminhos institucionais, o qual, apesar de não estar explícito no nome dado pela Univesp, é político por natureza — um norte para a práxis dos/as agentes envolvidos nos processos de ensino. Em termos metodológicos, foi empregada a análise de conteúdo das diretrizes pedagógicas através da definição das categorias analíticas referentes a forma e conteúdo pelos quais os elementos pedagógicos são dirigidos; e a intencionalidade do curso, como uma formação e concomitantemente uma relação de práticas de estágio. Como resultado, identificamos ambivalências nas diretrizes tomadas pelo projeto em relação à sua natureza e lacunas nas legislações de ensino superior na modalidade virtual.
 
Palavras-chave: Projeto político-pedagógico. Formação lato-sensu. Educação a distância.
VOZES E MEMÓRIAS NO/DO COTIDIANO ESCOLAR: O PRIMEIRO DIA DE ESCOLA E DE AULA DE PROFESSORES DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA INICIANTES NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: Krug Hugo Norberto , Krug Rodrigo de Rosso
Published: July 2024

Objetivamos neste estudo dar voz aos professores de Educação Física (EF) da Educação Básica (EB) para relatarem suas experiências vividas no primeiro dia de escola e de aula por ocasião do início da docência, na rede de ensino público, de uma cidade do interior do estado do Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil). Caracterizamos os procedimentos metodológicos como uma pesquisa qualitativa com abordagem (auto)biográfica, onde utilizamos a narrativa oral que foi gravada, transcrita e analisada à luz da identificação dos significados. Participaram cinco professores de EF iniciantes na EB da referida rede de ensino e cidade. Concluiu-se que o processo de inserção dos professores de EF iniciantes na EB, isso é, o primeiro dia de escola e o primeiro dia de aula, constituiu-se num momento de suma importância para o início da carreira, não apenas por ser um momento para conhecimento da escola e dos alunos e ainda de aprendizagem docente, mas, sobretudo, pelas implicações dele decorrentes para o desenvolvimento da carreira profissional, pois a não confirmação pela docência está ligada às experiências negativas e desprazerosas durante a atuação profissional e a confirmação pela docência está ligada às experiências positivas e prazerosas.
Palavras-chave: Educação Física; Cotidiano Escolar; Professores Iniciantes; Primeiro Dia.
THE SUBJECT AND CIVIL LAW NATURE OF BIG DATA PROCESSING AGREEMENTS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF USER AGREEMENTS)
Authors: Rodionov Ivan A. ,   Legal Counsel at Onyx Consulting, LLC
Published: July 2024

The article offers an example of Google and Yandex user agreements to review the problems of determination of the nature of so-called user agreements entered into to process big data; solution of such problems gives an opportunity to determine the legal nature of such agreements. It is specified that processing of big data including personal data is based on web analytics. The paper studies the legal meaning of the approach to big data processing defined as Big Data as a Service or BDaaS. The author concludes that the subject matter of the agreements under consideration that are classified as agreements is determined by way of listing actions that can be defined as fee-based services. Therefore, the reviewed acts contain terms of a fee-based service agreement but are complicated with a set of conditions and limitations referred to license agreements and a consent for the use of personal data, which makes it possible to refer such agreements to mixed ones.
ON PRACTICAL PROBLEMS OF “FOREST AMNESTY” IN IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROCEDURE AT GARDEN PLOTS
Authors: Efimova Elena I. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of Environmental and Land Law of the Law Faculty of the Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: July 2024

The article is dedicated to the peculiarities of the “forest amnesty” procedure established by Federal Law No. 280-FZ dated July 29, 2017 “On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation in order to eliminate contradictions in information from state Registers and establish the belonging of a land plot to a certain category of land” and other legal acts for suburban land plots (broadly construed).
Digital Criminalistic Training Simulators: Theoretical Fundamentals and Development Experience
Authors: Borovskikh Roman N. ,   Professor of the Department of Criminal Law, Criminal Procedure and Criminalistics, Serdyuk Aleksandr A. ,   Lecturer of the Department of Criminal Law
Published: July 2024

The article discusses the development of digital educational forensic simulators, provides a rationale for the relevance of these simulators for the purposes of teaching a forensic science course, as well as for the practice of investigating certain types of crimes. The authors briefly describe the theoretical basis for creating educational forensic simulators and present the experience of creating these products.
The Use of Circumstantial Evidence in a Criminal Case (from the Standpoint of Investigation of Highly-Lucrative Crimes)
Authors: Shataylyuk Ekaterina E. ,   Prosecutor of the Prosecutor General’s Office of the Russian Federation
Published: July 2024

The article examines the place and role of indirect (circumstantial) evidence in the process of proof in criminal cases, analysing the views on this issue of both domestic (pre-revolutionary, Soviet, modern) and foreign scholars. Direct evidence is used to confirm the fact in issue or the principal fact (factum probandum), that is, the circumstances to be proved, and circumstantial evidence establishes evidentiary facts (factum probans), which, in turn, allow to draw a conclusion on the existence of the factum probandum. The relationship between circumstantial evidence and factum probans is based on the formula “if ..., then ...”, and the logical connection between factum probans and factum probandum may vary from direct to multi-step. Taking into account the interdependence indicated, the work with circumstantial evidence should be based on the nature of its connection with evidentiary facts, including the search for evidence to support the latter. The inference of relationships between the factum probans and the circumstances to be proved is a subsequent stage in the analysis of circumstantial evidence.
Extension of the Suspect Detention Term in the System of Procedural Coercion Measures in the Contemporary Russian Criminal Procedure
Authors: Azarenok Nikolay V. ,   Director of the Institute of Justice of the Ural State Law University Named after V.F. Yakovlev Professor of the Department of Judicial Activities
Published: July 2024

The domestic criminal process, being a production of a mixed (Romano-German) type, is subject to improvement in the direction of ensuring a balance of public and private interests. In this regard, the issues of the application of procedural coercion measures are of particular relevance. One of these aspects is the improvement of the institution of detention of a suspect in criminal proceedings. The article reveals the uncertainty in determining the purpose of extending the period of detention of a suspect in the system of procedural coercion measures of modern domestic criminal proceedings. Based on the formal legal analysis of the current legislation, the position of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation and the criminal procedure doctrine, the author’s approach to resolving the issue is proposed. It is substantiated that the purpose of extending the period of detention of a suspect is to ensure the lawful and reasonable resolution by the court of a petition for the election of one of the four preventive measures provided for in paragraphs 4.1, 5, 6 or 7 of Article 98 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation.
The Criminal Law Mechanism of Combating Hostile Take-Overs
Authors: Kochedykova Viktoria M. ,   Postgraduate Student of the Law Institute of the Chelyabinsk State University
Published: July 2024

The article examines the criminal legal mechanism for countering raiding, analyzes existing criminal law norms and issues of their application, examines the judicial practice of holding people accountable for carrying out raiding, and identifies the weaknesses of the criminal legal regulation of countering raiding. Raiding, as a type of criminal activity, is committed using gaps in the current criminal and criminal procedural legislation. The definition of “raiding”, enshrined at the legislative level, is revealed. The article provides an analysis of changes to legislation aimed at countering raider takeovers. A mechanism to counter raider takeovers is provided. Key directions are proposed for increasing the effectiveness of combating illegal seizure of property.
Seizure of Vehicles Constituting an Estate Part
Authors: Mingalimova Maryam F. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of Prosecutor’s Supervision over Law Enforcement in Criminal Intelligence
Published: July 2024

The article, based on an analysis of modern legislation, examines the issue of the possibility of confiscation of vehicles in the event of actual acceptance of an inheritance, including one that includes a car in the inheritance estate.
On Some Aspects of Using a Fine as Other Means of Criminal Procedure Coercion: Theory, Practice, Foreign Experience
Authors: Kashtanova Natalya S. ,   Senior Lecturer of the Department of Criminal Procedure and Criminalistics of the Dostoevsky Omsk State University
Published: July 2024

This article the issues of the implementation of monetary penalties against some participants in criminal proceedings are considered, suggestions are made on the expediency of increasing its size, the problem of distinguishing the specified measure of procedural coercion from proceedings in cases of administrative offenses is raised. The current legislation of Russia is analyzed, as well as the opinions of scientists, the experience of foreign rulemaking is given, and judicial practice is studied.
Violation of the Court Session Regime as a Basis for Cancellation of a Judicial Act in a Civil Procedure
Authors: Aliev Roman T. ,   Teaching Assistant of the Department of Civil and Legal Disciplines of the Zhirinovsky University of World Civilizations
Published: July 2024

The article proves that the violation of the principle of publicity in the civil process, expressed in the election of an erroneous form of holding a court session (open or closed) should be attributed to the number of grounds for the cancellation of judicial acts entailing the unconditional cancellation of the decision, regardless of the correctness of such a decision on the merits. The author considers violations of a twofold nature: the court considered in a closed court session the case to be considered in an open court session; the court considered in open court the case to be considered in closed court. Violations of both the first and second kind may infringe on the principle of publicity, and may indicate a fundamental violation of the right to judicial protection. In such cases, the question of causality, namely, whether the violation could have affected the correctness of the decision on the merits of the dispute, recedes into the background. Such a causal relationship can be established, but this is not a prerequisite for the cancellation of the decision. A different understanding would turn the principle of publicity into a declarative principle. The article considers a situation in which this violation was of a partial nature, i.e. part of the meetings took place in the proper format, and the other part — in an inappropriate format.
Legal Institutions of the General Part of the Financial Law Science: Issues of Theory
Authors: Karaseva Marina V. ,   Head of the Department of Financial Law of the Voronezh State University, Honored Worker of the Higher School
Published: July 2024

The article discusses the theory of general financial and legal institutions, determines the place of the institution of “emission law”, the institution of “mandatory audit” in the system of financial law. The emergence of a new general financial and legal institution of “return and offset of fiscal payments” is proved. The characteristic features of the formation of common financial and legal institutions are noted.
Spatial analysis of soil micronutrients in an area of extensive pasture in the southeast of the State of Tocantins
Authors: Cardoso José Avelino , Queiroz Luan Ferraz de , Silva Heloisa Donizete da , Lages Regina Pereira , Prolo Tamara Thalia , Silva Rodrigo José da , Vale Kaio Cesar Lima , Santos Antonio Clementino dos
Published: July 2024

The use of geostatistical tools in Precision Agriculture allows for the identification of heterogeneous zones, contributing to soil and crop management, production costs, and potential environmental is
The variability of micronutrients in the soil is influenced by geology, biological factors and anthropogenic factors that can affect the lack or excess of these in the soil, which despite being required in smaller quantities are essential for plant development. The aim of this study was to assess the spatial behaviour of micronutrients in an extensive pasture area in the southeast of the state of Tocantins. The experiment was conducted at the Federal Institute of Tocantins, Dianópolis Campus, Animal Production Sector, located in the municipality of Dianópolis (TO). The soil evaluated was classified as dystrophic Haplic Cambisol and has a history of extensive pasture for more than 10 years. Soil samples were collected manually at a number of georeferenced sampling points (25x25m) within the study area (approximately 2 ha), totalling 30 composite samples, at a depth of 0-20 cm. Clay, pH, OM and micronutrient levels were analyzed from each soil sample: boron (B), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn), and the data was subjected to analysis geospatial by software Surfer. The variability of the attributes classified according to their coefficient of variation (CV) showed high values (CV>60%) for Fe, Mn and Zn, medium values (15-60%) for Clay, OM, B and Cu and low values (<15%) for pH. Therefore, the attributes researched presented a low to high degree of spatial dependence. However, it was possible to map the chemical attributes of the soil, where the greatest variability was observed for the micronutrients Zn, Mn and Fe.
sues. This study aims to evaluate the spatial variability and relationship between micronutrients in a fallow area in the southeastern state of Tocantins. The experiment was conducted at the Federal Institute of Tocantins, Campus Dianópolis, Animal Production Sector, located in the municipality of Dianópolis (TO). The soil evaluated was classified as dystrophic Haplic Cambisol and has a history of native pasture for over 10 years. The soil chemical attributes evaluated were clay, sand, silt, pH, and micronutrient contents: boron (B), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn). The contents of clay, boron, copper, and iron showed low spatial variability, while Mn levels were classified as moderate and Zn as high variability. However, it is important to note that observed levels of Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn micronutrients were above the critical limit (<0.2; <4.5; <2.5; and <0.6, respectively). The pH and clay content attributes are correlated and influence the availability and spatial distribution of micronutrients.
Sonhar o passado para decolonizar o futuro
Authors: Cavalcanti Anna de Carvalho , Amormino Luciana
Published: July 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre os usos da memória no trabalho da artista chilena Cecilia Vicuña, nascida em 1948. A fluidez e a multidimensionalidade da sua arte permitem que Vicuña atue sobre várias linguagens e suportes, dando ênfase ao quipu, meio de comunicação de povos originários. Para pensar a respeito das instalações Quipu Menstrual, Quipu dos Lamentos e Brain Forest Quipu, questionamos como a artista abre novas perspectivas ao futuro através do processo de recriação desse artefato comunicacional. Por meio da leitura crítica dessas obras, percebe-se que a memória trabalhada é posta em fluxo: volta-se a um passado ancestral e atualiza-o a partir de um olhar decolonial, em movimentos vinculados à biografia da artista latino-americana. O encontro da sabedoria das tecnologias ancestrais com o presente torna visível o legado histórico em uma busca pela restauração simbólica dessa memória e pela reivindicação da luta anticolonial.
HANDLING STRESS THROUGH TAQARRUB ILALLAH AGAINST DRUG ADDICTS AT PONDOK TETIRAH DZIKIR REHABILITATION CENTER
Authors: RAMADHAN DARMAWAN SAHRUL , FETRI ALIZA NOVIA
Published: July 2024

This study aims to describe the methods of handling stress through taqarrub ilallah for drug addcict at pondok Tetirah Dzikir Rehabilitation Center. Taqarrub Ilallah is our process as human beings to get closer to Allah including prayer, dhikr, reading the Qur’an, and others. This type of research is qualitative with a case study approach. This research was conducted at Pondok Tetirah Dzikir Rehabilitation Center using case study approach. Data collection was done by observation, in-depth interview, and documentation. The subjects of this study were selected using purposive sampling technique. Which is sampling technique using certain criteria. The criteria for the study subjects were drug addicts, being able to invited to communicate, muslims, adults, and experience, stress at Pondok Tetirah Rehabilitation Center. Data analysis was carried out using Miles and Huberman method by carrying out data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results showed the handling of stress on drug addicts with Islamic approach, namely Taqarrub Ilallah with prayer and dhikr. The prayers performed were fardhu prayer and sunnah prayers. There were two dhikrs used, namely dhikr jahar by using the phrase laa ilaha ilallah and dhikr khofi by mentioning the name of Allah in the heart. Positive change were felt by drug addcits who experienced stress after performing dhikr (dhikr jahar and khofi) and shalat, whis was to get peace of mind. The peacefulness experienced by drug addicts could be interpreted as the reduce stress the experienced early when getting into the Pondok and before intensely performing prayers and dhikr (dhikr jahar and khofi).
SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING OF ADOLESCENTS WITH PARENTS AS INDONESIAN MIGRANT WORKERS IN DAREK PRAYA VILLAGE, CENTRAL LOMBOK
Authors: SHAHARA MAULIDA JUNIAR , SARAPUDIN
Published: July 2024

In children of migrant workers, they will face a number of developments without the complete presence of their parents, even though they need guidance, support and supervision from their parents so that these adolescents will feel a lack of happiness and satisfaction with their lives such as low subjective well-being. This study uses a qualitative approach, which aims to find out (1) How is the dynamics of subjective well-being in adolescents with parents as Indonesian migrant workers in Darek Village. And (2) how is the subjective well-being strategy carried out by adolescents with their parents as migrant workers in Darek Village. The data collection techniques in this study used interview, observation and documentation techniques with adolescents whose parents lived as migrant workers, adolescents aged 10-19 years and people who lived with the subject, as the primary data source. The results of this study indicate that: (1) ) The dynamics of subjective well-being in adolescents with parents as migrant workers in Darek Village, Praya District, Central Lombok Regency include self-acceptance, positive relations with others, autonomy, environmental mastery, goals in life and personal growth and includes elements of subjective well-being Affective and Cognitive. (2) The subjective welfare strategy carried out by adolescents with parents as migrant workers in Darek Village, Praya District, Central Lombok Regency can change negative affection into positive effects so as to get life satisfaction.
A STUDY OF THE APPLICATION OF THE CONCEPT OF INTEGRATION-INTERCONNECTION OF ISLAMIC-BASED LOGOTHERAPY IN ISLAMIC GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING
Authors: Yurika Rara Eka , Irsyadunnas Irsyadunnas
Published: July 2024

This study examines the application of integration and interconnection in Islamic-based logotherapy in Islamic guidance and counseling. The research method used was library research. The results of this study are three main concepts of logotherapy that were integrated and interconnected with Islamic concepts, namely regarding ten theses about humans and Islamic views of humans, Frankl's noös approach and spiritual understanding in Islam, and human goals according to Frankl and human goals according to Islam. The implementation of Islam-based logotherapy in the implementation of Islamic guidance and counseling can be applied using worship therapy.  The conclusion of this research shows that the integration-interconnection of logotherapy with Islamic concepts in Islamic guidance and counseling can be applied.
SELF-CONFIDENCE REFLECTION: A QUR'`ANI COUNSELING PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Khairat Imalatul , Permatasari Rini Fitriani , Nur'aeni Eni , Sarni Sarni , Zahri Triave Nuzila
Published: July 2024

Self-confidence is the ability of individuals to face new problems or challenges by optimizing their development, so the lack of self-confidence experienced by individuals cannot be considered a common issue. Confidence issues can impact an individual's success in achieving future goals. This article presents the results of the author's literature review on studies of self-confidence that can be enhanced through the application of Qur'anic counseling. The author examines approximately six studies on self-confidence and Qur'anic counseling. Counseling from the perspective of the Qur'an is highly relevant to serve as a pillar of life and a fundamental basis for Muslims in seeking answers to various evolving issues. The conclusion of this article reveals that individuals who understand the meaning of the Qur'an will have self-confidence because they make the Qur'an a philosophy of life.
Growing old, not worthless
Authors: Janig Herbert
Published: July 2024

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Autoconocimiento y autoconciencia enfermera a través de los lentes analíticos de la humanización: revisión integrativa
Authors: Hurtado Garces Cris Daniela , Muñoz Narváez Jeanneth Angélica , Meneses Gaviria Rubiel , Ñañez Benitez Yeimi Danixa , Omen Chicangana Karen Alexandra , Muñoz Angel Yaneth Marcela
Published: July 2024

Conocerse y ser consciente de sí mismo permiten a la enfermera consolidar relaciones intra e interpersonales que fortalecen la humanización de la salud. Objetivo: Explorar la literatura sobre autoconocimiento y autoconciencia enfermera a través de los lentes analíticos de la humanización. Materiales y métodos: Revisión integrativa de las bases de datos CINAHL, CUIDEN, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect y Web of Science. Se siguieron las recomendaciones PRISMA y los parámetros definidos por Ganong para revisiones integrativas. Se incluyó un total de quince artículos: siete cualitativos, cuatro cuantitativos, dos revisiones bibliográficas, un estudio de métodos mixtos, un estudio descriptivo y un informe de experiencia. La literatura sobre autoconocimiento y autoconciencia enfermera se clasificó teniendo en cuenta los diez procesos Caritas como referentes de humanización. Conclusiones: Como el cuidado humanizado está centrado principalmente en aspectos relacionales, la autoconciencia y el autoconocimiento revelan habilidades personales que favorecen la empatía, la comunicación, la atención centrada en las personas y generan relaciones terapéuticas significativas. También permiten lidiar con situaciones desafiantes en la relación con los sujetos de cuidado y el equipo de trabajo. La autoconciencia se puede aprender a partir de diferentes didácticas que promueven la reflexión del estudiante.
Enfermería en el primer nivel de atención: síndrome de Burnout y características sociodemográficas
Authors: Saez Aliaga Pablo Andres , Carpio Sanchez Rossivell del Rocio , Obando Zegarra Roxana
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: Determinar las características sociodemográficas asociadas al desarrollo del Síndrome de Burnout en profesionales de enfermería que laboran en 17 establecimientos de salud del primer nivel de atención. Material y Métodos: Estudio cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo correlacional y transversal, LLEVADO a cabo en 17 establecimientos del primer nivel de atención del distrito de San Martin Porres de la Dirección de Redes Integradas de Salud (DIRIS) Lima- Norte. Se uso como instrumento el Inventario de Burnout Maslach y ficha de datos sociodemográficos para la recolección de información, para después ser codificados e ingresados a una base de datos creada en el programa Ms Excel y para su análisis estadístico con el programa Stata versión 17.0 en tablas de contingencia. Se utilizó la prueba estadística Chi cuadrado (p<0.05) para evaluar la asociación entre las variables de estudio. Resultados: Se encontró que las enfermeras con tiempo de servicio entre 11 a 15 años (63.6%) presentaron mayor nivel de SB. Solo el 33.3% de los profesionales enfermería presento SB. Conclusión:  El tiempo de servicio se relaciona con el síndrome de burnout en profesionales de enfermería.
Factores asociados a la presentación de alteraciones del complejo QRS obtenidos por electrocardiografía en perros domésticos en la ciudad de Lima, período 2018-2020
Authors: Villar amasifen Emily , Jaramillo Christopher , Bezold Ursula
Published: July 2024

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar los factores asociados a las alteraciones del complejo QRS en perros domésticos. Estos fueron sometidos a un examen electrocardiográfico en un centro de diagnóstico cardiológico en la ciudad de Lima, Perú, durante el periodo 2018-2020. Se realizó un estudio observacional analítico. Se recolectó información de historias clínicas y fichas de electrocardiografías para registrar información de las variables de medición (duración, amplitud, polaridad y morfología de la onda QRS) y de las variables de clasificación (tamaño de la raza, edad, sexo y obesidad del can). Posteriormente, se realizó un análisis de regresión logística para cuantificar la asociación entre las variables de clasificación y las alteraciones del complejo QRS. Los resultados mostraron que los perros en edad adulta tuvieron 2.237 veces más probabilidad de presentar alargamiento del complejo QRS, mientras que los perros geriátricos tuvieron 3.343 veces más probabilidad de presentar alteraciones en la duración de esta variable electrocardiográfica en comparación con los perros jóvenes. Por otro lado, los perros geriátricos tuvieron 0.17 veces menos probabilidad de tener alteraciones en la polaridad del complejo QRS, mientras que los perros adultos tuvieron 0.16 veces menos probabilidad de presentar la misma alteración que los perros jóvenes. Se concluye que la edad ha sido el principal factor asociado a las alteraciones de duración del complejo QRS en perros domésticos sometidos a un examen electrocardiográfico.
Nivel de conocimiento sobre accidentes ponzoñosos por loxoscelismo en pobladores de Arequipa, Perú, 2019
Authors: Martinez Wendy , Amarista Manuel
Published: July 2024

En el Perú, el veneno inoculado por la mordedura de las arañas del género Loxosceles representa un problema de salud pública por los daños clínicos que ocasiona en las personas y el número de casos reportados. Desde el 2016 el departamento de Arequipa ocupa el primer lugar en casos reportados a nivel nacional. El objetivo fue determinar el score o nivel óptimo de conocimiento sobre accidentes causados por loxoscelismo (NOCACL) de la población de Arequipa para el 2019. El estudio fue observacional de tipo descriptivo y de corte transversal. Se consideraron seis variables: nombre de la provincia/distrito; reconocimiento del género Loxosceles como venenoso; conocimiento de los síntomas causados por la mordedura de la araña; conocimiento de las medidas de cuidado a realizar en caso de mordedura; reconocimiento de los tipos de hábitats de la araña dentro del domicilio y conocimiento de las medidas de control ambiental para evitar la presencia de la araña dentro del domicilio. A partir de las respuestas a las preguntas propuestas en la Encuesta Nacional de Programas Presupuestales (ENAPRES) se construyó un score para definir el NOCACL. Los datos se procesaron con el software Stata (versión 17) y se aplicó la estadística descriptiva. Los resultados mostraron que el 65 % reconoce a la araña como venenosa; además, el 62.96 % la reconoce en el área urbana y el 69.96 % en el área rural. Asimismo, se observó que hay un número importante de pobladores que reconocen algunos síntomas, los cuidados de salud en caso de mordedura, el hábitat intradomiciliario y las medidas de control para prevenir la mordedura. Sin embargo, el score calculado (NOCACL) coloca en evidencia que el nivel de conocimiento está, en su mayoría, en «muy inadecuado» para todas las provincias del departamento. Por lo tanto, se recomienda establecer como prioridad el diseño de una estrategia educativa en salud que permita mitigar este problema de salud pública.
Role of inflammation in the progression of diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Chatterjee Arunita , Tumarin Jacqueline , Prabhakar Sharma
Published: July 2024

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a global health burden and the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Its clinical management focuses on controlling hyperglycemia, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. While the progression of DKD can be slowed with intervention, it cannot be stopped or reversed yet. The pathogenesis of DKD is complex, with an interplay of numerous signaling pathways, and research continues to decipher the players and their role, be it beneficial or pathogenic. Inflammation is an essential defense of our bodies against internal or external insults. The injuries that trigger inflammation range from pathogenic infections and wounds to dysregulated metabolism. Inflammation is helpful only if it is controlled and subsides after it has helped defend the individual against the insult. Uncontrolled or chronic inflammation is recognized as a contributor to numerous chronic diseases. Dysregulated inflammation plays a role in multiple aspects of DKD: glomerular hyperfiltration, mesangial expansion, podocyte injury, tubular injury, basement membrane thickening, fibrosis, and scarring. Since inflammation plays an integral role in the progression of DKD, targeting it for therapy is also reasonable. There is a growing trend of targeting inflammation as a therapeutic approach, with new targets being discovered and evaluated drugs every year. The exponential increase in literature necessitates a comprehensive summary of current information, hence this review.
Legal Formulation for Forced Marriage Prevention through the Decision of Wali Mujbir in Religious Courts and its Relevance with Maqȧṣid Syari‘ah and Human Rights
Authors: Halim Ahmad Rasyidi , Al Amruzi M. Fahmi , Jalaluddin Jalaluddin
Published: July 2024

Based on the Annual Report of the Indonesian Religious Court and Religious Court Decisions throughout Indonesia year 2020-2021, there were 5,080 divorces caused by forced marriages and 3446 divorces caused by arranged marriages without the basis of love. The number of cases shows that the practice of forced marriages and arranged marriages without love is still rife, which is the cause of divorce in society. Based on this background, this research probes efforts to prevent forced marriages through religious courts by proposing the wali mujbir prevention norm in the marriage law. Through this norm, children or parties under guardianship can file a case to the Religious Court to prevent forced marriages they are experiencing. This study shows that creating the wali mujbir prevention norm in the marriage law aims to accommodate the role of children actively, directly, and independently to prevent forced marriages against themselves by marriage guardians. If the marriage guardian is proven to have taken forced actions to marry off a child or person under his guardianship, then the marriage guardian is declared a wali mujbir, as stated in the ruling of the religious court. This proposal is one of the efforts to reduce the high number of divorces in society.
The Ideal: Following the Footsteps of E.V. Ilyenkov
Authors: Lobastov Gennady ,   Russian Philosophical Society “Dialectics and Culture”
Published: July 2024

The article attempts to analyze the initial form of the ideal, following its definition in the work of E.V. Ilyenkov. The objective certainty of the ideal form of social la­bor was shown by Marx. Ilyenkov, exploring this problem, comes to the defini­tion of the ideal, which has become a classic today. The essence of the ideal lies in the emergence of such relationships within socially organized labor that express only the functional meaning of the things put into this relationship. These relation­ships are ideal because the things placed in this relationship do not have any natural connections between them. This functional meaning is given by the form of social work and expresses the relation of each element within work to the objectively holis­tic meaning and content of socially historically organized activity. This also generates the image of an object: the social form of a thing does not coincide and is opposite in meaning to natural existence. And thus the problem of truth is fully posed. The ideal in Ilyenkov’s work manifests itself in all the subjects of his philosophical research. The proposed article is an effort to enter into the dialectic of the ideal form, in which the essential identity with the concepts of consciousness and thinking is manifested. The functional relationship that arises in social productive work, being an ideal relationship, manifests the content of the objective world in an ideal form. The truth of objective content is expressed through categorical thinking, which, in turn, represents the true forms of the ideal. Objective representation, as the leading concept of the article, is highlighted in the context of consciousness and thinking.
Discoveries of Evald Ilyenkov’s Home Archive
Authors: Maidansky Andrey ,   Belgorod National Research University,   Moscow State University of Psychology and Education
Published: July 2024

The article is a study of Ilyenkov’s archival papers published in his Collected Works. In the drafts of his dissertation (1950–1953), Marx’s Paris manuscripts of 1844, at that time published only in German, were discussed for the first time in Russian philosophy. Ilyenkov focuses on the concepts of “contemplation” and human subjectivity as a form of “practical-spiritual mastery of the world” (the term of the mature Marx). The distinction between practical and contempla­tive materialism is clarified. Ilyenkov seeks to understand human subjectivity as a one-sided and fragmentary expression of the essence of the thing in relation to the social man, in the form in which it appears within in the process of practi­cal transformation of the world. The archive contains a detailed commentary on Hegel’s “Philosophy of Spirit”, where Ilyenkov for the first time addresses the theme of personality. In the surviving outline of a lecture from the mid-1950s, the problem of the function of logical categories and language in the ac­tivity of human consciousness is raised. Ilyenkov’s views sharply diverge from the official “theory of reflection” and “Pavlovian psychology”, but they are close to L.S. Vygotsky’s “historical psychology”, which was forbidden in those years. Archival texts from the 1960s shed light on Ilyenkov’s sharply critical attitude to the Soviet model of socialism, in which he saw an ugly implementation of the dream of a “machine smarter than man”. The philosopher considered the state to be “the most malignant and inhuman” of all man-made machines. In conclusion, basing on the transcripts of Merab Mamardashvili’s dissertation, their polemical dialogue with Ilyenkov on the nature of consciousness and forms of cognition is reconstructed.
Critique of Strong Artificial Intelligence’s Project from the Perspective of I. Kant’s Theoretical Philosophy
Authors: Rozhin David ,   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University
Published: July 2024

What is a strong AI? What fundamental problems are on the way to its cre­ation? Contemporary philosophers usually associate strong AI with self-conscious­ness and consciousness in general. Consciousness is given to us only within human experience, so any model of it is a verbal-descriptive structure, which is conditioned, on the one hand, by the problem of the ontological status of human consciousness, on the other hand, by the possibilities of human cognition. If the answer to the ques­tion about the ontological status of consciousness determines the strategy of imple­menting strong AI, then the establishment of the boundaries of self-cognition determ­ines the very possibility of creating strong AI. Taking into account the fact that Kant’s “Copernican turn” laid a new foundation in determining the boundaries of cognition, it is crucial to refer to his theoretical philosophy to determine the range of problems that stand in the way of creating a strong AI. The article shows why strategies for im­plementing strong AI depend on solving the ontological status of human conscious­ness. To solve this problem, I reconstruct the core concepts of Kantian theory of con­sciousness, such as self-consciousness, inner feeling, pure apperception, and self-affirmation, and place them in the context of contemporary consciousness research; I consider the compatibility of the Kantian position and functionalism and point out those fundamental limitations that act as obstacles to the creation of strong AI. Based on the Kantian critique of the features of self-knowledge, I conclude that it is im­possible to approach the creation of a strong AI because of the fundamental limita­tions of our cognitive abilities.
The slave/master opposition as the driving force of history by Hegel, Kojève, Lacan
Authors: Dill Igor ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: July 2024

The subject of this paper is the comparison of the master-slave dialectic with the Marxist concept of class struggle. The master-slave dialectic is presented not only in its source – Hegel’s Phenomenology of Spirit – but also in its reception by later authors: Alexander Kojève and Jacques Lacan. Alexandre Kojève focuses on the resolution of the antago­nism between slave and master in Empire, the society of the Citizen, by which history ends. Lacan proposes considering this theoretical construct from the position of the “death of the master” and in the situation of the “sophisticated domination” (which the slave possesses and through which an immanent break is made in the structure of the master’s absolute knowledge). One of the sources of the concept of class struggle in classical Marxism is the Hegelian master-slave dialectic, which is reconceptualized in a more rev­olutionary, practice-oriented way. Concept of class struggle opposes to the speculative Hegelian construction, which is trying to describe self-consciousness in a more abstract way. Marx also borrows Hegelian terminology from The Science of Logic, because he wants to describe the structure of class as a research object (consciousness that has not come to self-consciousness, the class-in-itself) and as an active, revolutionary subject (consciousness that has entered the struggle for recognition – and thereby has gained self-consciousness, the class-in-itself). A comparative analysis of these concepts allows us to see the sources of the Marxist doctrine of class and class struggle and to open the way of a synthesis between the Marxist and “post-Hegelian” reading of the master-slave dialectic.
Reflections on the book by Irina O. Shchedrina “Historical memory and narrative: ecological contexts” (Moscow – St. Petersburg: Center for Humanitarian Initiatives, 2022. 174 p.)
Authors: Shevtsov Konstantin ,   St. Petersburg University of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia named after Hero of the Russian Federation Army General E.N. Zinichev
Published: July 2024

The paper reviews the basic concepts of the book by Irina O. Shchedrina “Historical memory and narrative: ecological contexts”. The problem of historical memory has become a reaction to the dramatic rupture of the cultural and social texture of modern societies, but it has also become an opportunity to look anew at the traditional problem of human-nature relations. Since memory stores knowledge about loss, it immerses us in the temporality of existence as a state of homelessness, the loss of one’s natural home, which explains the relevance of the modern turn to ecological forms of thinking. Shchedrina’s book offers a simple but effective version of the ecology of memory, focused on the primacy of narration, narrative, told story. This approach forces us to rethink the position of the subject of knowledge, since the structure of his self-consciousness is based on the primary loss and the need to rely on recognition from the Other and collecting oneself through the story and the distraction of being in the world, outside of oneself, in the natural order of places and the multi-layered fabric of stories.
New trends in modern Western methodology of science: A. Pickering (analytical review)
Authors: Letov Oleg ,   Institute of Scientific Information for Social Sciences, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2024

The review is devoted to the analysis of the concept of one of the most famous Western representatives of the methodology of science of the XX–XXI centuries – A. Pickering. Taking a position close to the supporters of the STS (B. Latour, M. Kallon, etc.), Pickering emphasizes that certain gestalt shifts take place in the history of science, in which the elements of the foreground and background are reversed. Such a shift is the product of a symbiotic association and mutual reinforcement of what was a set of different approaches: a whole range of ways to create theory and conduct experiments combined into a new self-reinforcing whole. According to Pickering’s concept, the sprouts of the “new science” should be sought in the non-dualistic outskirts of culture. Its origins may be in pre-modern traditions, in which man is part of nature, taking care of the environment instead of managing it. There is a certain contrast between the cybernetic ontology and the ontology of modern science with its dualistic vision of a fixed, cognizable and controlled world. In this sense, cybernetic art helps a person perceive the world differently. The sense of agency as “doing something” portends a complex ontological vision of how the world works, a vision quite different from that of the traditional sciences.
Paradoxes and contradictions of artificial intelligence: 90 years of K. Gödel’s first incompleteness theorem and 60 years of J. Lucas’s argument
Authors: Alekseev Andrei ,   State Academic University for the Humanities, Vashchenko Alexander , Zaykova Alina ,   MIPT,   IPL SB RAS
Published: July 2024

Today, the study of the issue of distinction has turned out to be extremely relevant – what proportion of the work in the produced artifact belongs to a person, and what proportion belongs to a computer. In this direction, it is important to develop computer analyzers of computer generators of texts, pictures, music, animations, and videos. The fundamental theoretical-algorithmic status of such generators is given by the Gödel–Lucas–Penrose test. In 1961, Oxford professor J. Lucas, on the basis of Gödel’s second theorem, concluded that the human mind is fundamentally superior to all kinds of computing systems. R. Penrose, supporting this position, stated that human consciousness is not algorithmic and goes beyond computability. This argument has generated extensive discussion regarding its philosophical underpinnings, mathematical validity, physical and neurophysiological explanations, psychological credibility, and technological implementation. The dispute about the importance and alternative ways of interpreting the argument does not stop, constituting one of the basic provisions of the philosophy and methodology of artificial intelligence and cognitive science. In October 2021, the SCMAI RAS held the All-Russian Symposium “Artificial Intelligence: Paradoxes and Contradictions”, during which the logical-philosophical, formal-computational and cultural-anthropological aspects of the Gödel-Lucas argument were studied, and possible ways of its transformation and development were shown, such as the Gödel-Lucas-Watt test.
S.L. Frank’s Lectures “Philosophy of Religion” and “Religionsphilosophie”: Their Audience, Ideas and Context
Authors: Antonov Konstantin ,   St. Tikhon’s Ortodox University, Rezvykh Tatiana ,   St. Tikhon’s Ortodox University
Published: July 2024

This publication introduces into the academic community S.L. Frank’s preparatory lecture notes and remarks on the philosophy of religion, created by philosopher during the preparation of his main work in this field – the treatise “The Unknowable. An Ontological Introduction to the Philosophy of Religion” (1939). The preface to the publication attempts to describe the supposed audience of the lectures, to establish, at least approximately, the time and place of their reading, to characterize their philosophical context, terminology and basic ideas, their place in the development of the author’s thought. Publishers date both texts from the late 1920s to early 1930s and establish their relationship to previously published notes, which are referred to in the publication as “First Philosophy”. The authors pay much attention to Frank’s terminology, drawing attention to its connection with the ideas of R. Otto (“the sacred”, misterium tremendum, etc.), R. Marett (the idea of taboo and mana as the minimum of religion) and revealing the possible origins of the concept of “unknowable” used by the philosopher, which would later become the “visiting card” of his philosophy of religion. In conceptual sense, Frank’s understanding of philosophy of religion as philosophy about religion, while striving to move away from a purely objectivist approach, and justifying philosophical theology as an important aspect of philosophy of religion, is of paramount importance. Knowledge through revelation turns out to be an important constitutive element of the religious attitude. Frank’s analysis of religious experience as an experience of mystery, revealing the religious component of existential experience and concluding the lecture with the problem of ontological proof of the existence of God is considered.
WITHDRAWN: Interactions of the background state and eddies in shaping Aleutian Low variation
Authors: Lin Nan , Zhang Tuantuan , Ren Qiaoling , Cheung Ho‑Nam , Yang Song
Published: July 2024

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn, as it was submitted in error. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.