bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical, Economic, and Humanistic Impact of Short-Bowel Syndrome/Chronic Intestinal Failure in Portugal (PARENTERAL Study)
Authors: Silva Raul , Guerra Paula , Rocha Anabela , Correia Miguel , Ferreira Ricardo , Fonseca Jorge , Lima Eduardo , Oliveira António , Vargas Gomes Marta , Ramos Diogo , Andreozzi Valeska , Santos Marisa D.
Published: September 2022

Introduction: This study aimed to assess the clinical, economic, and humanistic impact of short-bowel syndrome/chronic intestinal failure (SBS/CIF) in Portugal. Methods: This is a retrospective multicenter cohort chart review study, with a cross-sectional component for quality-of-life (QoL) evaluation. Inclusion criteria comprised patients with SBS/CIF, aged ≥1 year, with stable parenteral nutrition (PN). Data collection included patient chart review over a 12-month period and patient/caregiver self-report and SF-36/PedsQL™ questionnaires. Main endpoints comprised clinical and PN characterization, healthcare resource use (HRU), direct costs, and patient QoL. Results: Thirty-one patients were included (11 adults and 20 children). Patients’ mean age (standard deviation [SD]) was 57.9 (14.3) years in adults and 7.5 (5.0) years in children, with a mean time since diagnosis of 10.2 (5.9) and 6.6 (4.2) years, respectively. PN was administered for a mean of 5.2 and 6.6 days/week in adults and children, respectively; home PN occurred in 81.8% of adults and 90.0% of children for a mean of 9.6 and 10.8 months/year, respectively. The mean annual number of hospitalizations was 1.9 and 2.0 which lasted for a mean of 34.0 and 29.4 days in adults and children, respectively. Twenty-one and forty hospitalization episodes were reported in adults and children, respectively, of which 71.4% and 85.0% were due to catheter-related complications. Mean annual direct costs per patient amounted to 47,857.53 EUR in adults and 74,734.50 EUR in children, with PN and hospitalizations as the main cost-drivers. QoL assessment showed a clinically significant impaired physical component in adults and a notable deterioration in the school functioning domain in children. Conclusion: In Portugal, SBS/CIF patient management is characterized by a substantial therapeutic burden and HRU, translating into high direct costs and a substantial impairment of the adults’ physical function and children’s school functioning.
Mantelzelllymphom: Wirkstoffkombination erlaubt neue Therapieoptionen
Authors: Jachimowicz Ron
Published: September 2022

Ibrutinib plus venetoclax, given with an ibrutinib lead-in, has shown encouraging clinical activity in early phase studies in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). The ongoing phase 3 SYMPATICO study evaluates the safety and efficacy of concurrently administered, once-daily, all-oral ibrutinib plus venetoclax in patients with relapsed/refractory MCL. A safety run-in (SRI) cohort was conducted to inform whether an ibrutinib lead-in should be implemented for the randomized portion. Patients received concurrent ibrutinib 560 mg continuously plus venetoclax in a 5-week ramp-up to venetoclax 400 mg for up to 2 years. The primary endpoint was occurrence of tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) and dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs). The SRI cohort enrolled 21 patients; six and 15 were in low- or increased-risk categories for TLS, respectively. During the 5-week venetoclax ramp-up, three patients had DLTs, and one patient at increased risk for TLS had a laboratory TLS; no additional TLS events occurred during follow-up. With a median follow-up of 31 months, the overall response rate was 81% (17/21); 62% (13/21) of patients had a complete response. SRI data informed that the randomized portion should proceed with concurrent ibrutinib plus venetoclax, with no ibrutinib lead-in. Ibrutinib plus venetoclax demonstrated promising efficacy; no new safety signals were observed. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03112174. Registered 13 April 2017, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03112174 .
Mantelzelllymphom: Chemotherapiefreie Kombination im Rezidiv richtig dosieren
Authors: Marks Reinhard
Published: September 2022

Relapsed Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is often treated with Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKi); however, post-BTKi relapse can be challenging. Adding venetoclax (VEN) to ibrutinib (IBR) has shown synergy in preclinical MCL models. Prior MCL studies of the combination show promising efficacy but have conducted limited dose finding. We sought to identify the optimal dosing combination, based on efficacy and toxicity, utilizing a continual reassessment method of 6 combinations of IBR (280 mg, 420 mg, and 560 mg by mouth daily) and VEN (max dose of 200 mg and 400 mg by mouth daily). Eligible participants were not previously exposed to BTKi and not high risk for tumor lysis syndrome (TLS). VEN, initiated first at 100 mg, then at 20 mg by mouth daily after a TLS event, was started prior to adding IBR and ramped-up based on the dose level assigned. Combination treatment continued for six 28-day cycles. Thirty-five participants were enrolled and treated. One TLS event occurred with starting dose of 100 mg VEN; no TLS was seen with 20 mg. The optimal dosing combination was considered to be VEN 200 mg and IBR 420 mg with an overall response rate (ORR) of 93.8% (95% CI: 73.6% to 99.7%) and DLT incidence of 6.2% (95% CI: 0.3% to 26.4%). ORR for all arms was 82.3% (28/34; 95% CI: 65.5% to 93.2%) with a complete response (CR) rate of 42.4% (14/33; 95% CI: 25.5% to 60.8%). A participant was not allocated to IBR 560 mg and VEN 400 mg. ORR benefit was not seen with higher dosing combinations and toxicity was higher; a comparison made within the limitations of small cohorts. Resistance was seen in nearly all arms. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov #NCT02419560.
O Brasil na América Latina
Authors: Blanco Alejandro , Jackson Luiz Carlos
Published: September 2022

O artigo contextualiza os processos de produção e circulação do livro Dependência e desenvolvimento na América Latina (1969), de Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1931-) e Enzo Faletto (1935-2003). Realizado em parceria pelos dois sociólogos, no interior de um espaço transnacional das ciências sociais da década de 1960, que envolvia instituições como a Cepal, o Ilpes e a Flacso, o livro teve como estribos as experiências mais bem-sucedidas de institucionalização nacional e transnacional das ciências sociais na região, as do Brasil e do Chile, e foi publicado em espanhol pela editora mexicana Siglo XXI, em boa medida responsável por seu sucesso comercial excepcional, de um best seller da sociologia latino-americana.
Incidence of Timely Outpatient Follow-Up Care After Emergency Department Encounters for Acute Heart Failure
Authors: Kilaru Austin S. , Illenberger Nicholas , Meisel Zachary F. , Groeneveld Peter W. , Liu Manqing , Mondal Angira , Mitra Nandita , Merchant Raina M.
Published: September 2022

Background:

Patients who are discharged from the emergency department (ED) after an encounter for acute heart failure are at high risk for return hospitalization. These patients may benefit from timely outpatient follow-up care to reassess volume status, adjust medications, and reinforce self-care strategies. This study examines the incidence of outpatient follow-up care after ED encounters for acute heart failure and describes patient characteristics associated with obtaining timely follow-up care.

Methods:

We conducted a retrospective cohort study using an administrative claims database for a large US commercial insurer, from January 1, 2012 to June 30, 2019. Participants included adult patients discharged from the ED with principal diagnosis of acute heart failure. The primary outcome was obtaining an in-person outpatient clinic visit for heart failure within 30 days. We also examined the competing risk of all-cause hospitalization within 30 days and without an intervening outpatient clinic visit. We estimated competing risk regression models to identify patient characteristics associated with obtaining outpatient follow-up and report cause-specific hazard ratios.

Results:

The cohort included 52 732 patients, with mean age of 73.9 years (95% CI, 73.8–74.0) and 27 395 (52.0% [95% CI, 51.5–52.4]) female patients. Within 30 days of the ED encounter, 12 279 (23.2%) patients attended an outpatient clinic visit for heart failure, with 8382 (15.9%) patients hospitalized before they could obtain an outpatient clinic visit. In the adjusted analysis, patients that were younger, women, reporting non-Hispanic Black race, and had fewer previous clinic visits were less likely to obtain outpatient follow-up care.

Conclusions:

Few patients obtain timely outpatient follow-up after ED visits for heart failure, although nearly 20% require hospitalization within 30 days. Improved transitions following discharge from the ED may represent an opportunity to improve outcomes for patients with acute heart failure.
Body Mass Index Trajectory and Outcome Post Fontan Procedure
Authors: Payne Emma , Garden Frances , d’Udekem Yves , McCallum Zoe , Wightman Helen , Zannino Diana , Zentner Dominica , Cordina Rachael , Weintraub Robert , Wilson Thomas G. , Ayer Julian
Published: September 2022

Background

Patients with a single ventricle who experience early life growth failure suffer high morbidity and mortality in the perisurgical period. However, long‐term implications of poor infant growth, as well as associations between body mass index (BMI) and outcome in adulthood, remain unclear. We aimed to model BMI trajectories of patients with a single ventricle undergoing a Fontan procedure to determine trajectory‐based differences in baseline characteristics and long‐term clinical outcomes.

Methods and Results

We performed a retrospective analysis of medical records from patients in the Australia and New Zealand Fontan Registry receiving treatment at the Royal Children's Hospital, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Royal Melbourne Hospital, and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital from 1981 to 2018. BMI trajectories were modeled in 496 patients using latent class growth analysis from 0 to 6 months, 6 to 60 months, and 5 to 16 years. Trajectories were compared regarding long‐term incidence of severe Fontan failure (defined as mortality, heart transplantation, Fontan takedown, or New York Heart Association class III/IV heart failure). Three trajectories were found for male and female subjects at each age group—lower, middle, higher. Subjects in the lower trajectory at 0 to 6 months were more likely to have an atriopulmonary Fontan and experienced increased mortality long term. No association was found between higher BMI trajectory, current BMI, and long‐term outcome.

Conclusions

Poor growth in early life correlates with increased long‐term severe Fontan failure. Delineation of distinct BMI trajectories can be used in larger and older cohorts to find optimal BMI targets for patient outcome.
Data Access and the Study of Educational Equity: Implications from a National School Boundary Data Collection Effort
Authors: Asson Sarah , Frankenberg Erica , Maselli Annie , Burfoot-Rochford Ian , Fowler Christopher S. , Buck Ruth Krebs
Published: September 2022

School attendance zone boundary (AZB) data remain relatively underdocumented and understudied within the field of education, despite their critical implications for educational (in)equity. AZBs shape student outcomes and residential sorting patterns both by determining the public schools a student is assigned to and by signaling neighborhood characteristics to prospective homebuyers. The limited access, regulation, and review of AZB data to date has left a gap in the knowledge base, having the potential to leave intact (and exacerbate) patterns of segregation that maintain inequities in educational opportunity. Lack of data also limits our ability to know whether and when AZBs may mitigate segregation. In this brief, we examine a novel data collection effort of current and historical AZB data—the Longitudinal School Attendance Boundary System—to explore the contextual and political factors associated with data access and data quality. We aim to show how factors that hinder access to quality AZB data affect the study of educational equity, and we advocate for more comprehensive, top–down governmental efforts to create, maintain, and collect these data.
Dependency Parsing with Backtracking using Deep Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Dary Franck , Petit Maxime , Nasr Alexis
Published: September 2022

Greedy algorithms for NLP such as transition-based parsing are prone to error propagation. One way to overcome this problem is to allow the algorithm to backtrack and explore an alternative solution in cases where new evidence contradicts the solution explored so far. In order to implement such a behavior, we use reinforcement learning and let the algorithm backtrack in cases where such an action gets a better reward than continuing to explore the current solution. We test this idea on both POS tagging and dependency parsing and show that backtracking is an effective means to fight against error propagation.
Temporal Effects on Pre-trained Models for Language Processing Tasks
Authors: Agarwal Oshin , Nenkova Ani
Published: September 2022

Keeping the performance of language technologies optimal as time passes is of great practical interest. We study temporal effects on model performance on downstream language tasks, establishing a nuanced terminology for such discussion and identifying factors essential to conduct a robust study. We present experiments for several tasks in English where the label correctness is not dependent on time and demonstrate the importance of distinguishing between temporal model deterioration and temporal domain adaptation for systems using pre-trained representations. We find that, depending on the task, temporal model deterioration is not necessarily a concern. Temporal domain adaptation, however, is beneficial in all cases, with better performance for a given time period possible when the system is trained on temporally more recent data. Therefore, we also examine the efficacy of two approaches for temporal domain adaptation without human annotations on new data. Self-labeling shows consistent improvement and notably, for named entity recognition, leads to better temporal adaptation than even human annotations.
Learning English with Peppa Pig
Authors: Nikolaus Mitja , Alishahi Afra , Chrupała Grzegorz
Published: September 2022

Recent computational models of the acquisition of spoken language via grounding in perception exploit associations between spoken and visual modalities and learn to represent speech and visual data in a joint vector space. A major unresolved issue from the point of ecological validity is the training data, typically consisting of images or videos paired with spoken descriptions of what is depicted. Such a setup guarantees an unrealistically strong correlation between speech and the visual data. In the real world the coupling between the linguistic and the visual modality is loose, and often confounded by correlations with non-semantic aspects of the speech signal. Here we address this shortcoming by using a dataset based on the children’s cartoon Peppa Pig. We train a simple bi-modal architecture on the portion of the data consisting of dialog between characters, and evaluate on segments containing descriptive narrations. Despite the weak and confounded signal in this training data, our model succeeds at learning aspects of the visual semantics of spoken language.
Karl Barth–the Preacher
Authors: Cameron Charles M.
Published: September 2022

The article analyses Karl Barth’s sermon on Ephesians 2:5 in order to lay bare his understanding of the nature of preaching, stressing its simplicity of content and its context in the life of the church.
Reformed Pastoral Theology under the Cross: John Quick and Claude Brousson
Authors: Clifford Alan C.
Published: September 2022

The Huguenot pastor Claude Brousson (1647–98) is little known in the English speaking world. His ministry and martyrdom were first documented by an equally little-known English Puritan, John Quick (163–1706), himself no stranger to persecution. Broussons’s itinerant labours probably have no parallel in the seventeenth century. At a time when English Nonconformity was becoming moribund, Brousson displayed the zeal of purer times. While Reformed theology’s reputation for sterile orthodoxy has its origins in the seventeenth century, Brousson’s experiences of the Holy Spirit reveal a higher dimension. Fifty years before Anglo-Saxon Methodism, Brousson’s career anticipated those of Whitefield and the Wesleys, the Huguenot’s being pursued in far more hostile conditions. Like the English Puritans and the Scottish Covenanters, the French Huguenots had their militant episodes. Seen in the context of cruel persecution, graphically depicted in Quick’s little known narrative, Brousson’s teaching and example possess a unique challenge for today.
Is Evangelicalism Christian?
Authors: Letham Robert , Macleod Donald
Published: September 2022

Two theologians belonging to the Reformed tradition discuss the nature of contemporary evangelicalism. Letham argues that it has cost the balanced God-centred, trinitarian structure of the Reformers and its churchly character, and has become man-centred. It is in danger of capitulating to philosophical voices from outside the church. Macleod discusses at greater length the historical roots of evangelicalism in the Scottish context and the difficulties of defining the movement. He largely agrees with Letham’s strictures on modern evangelicalism and offers some comments on the way forward.
The Baptist Identity: A View From the Eighteenth Century
Authors: Haykin Michael A. G.
Published: September 2022

During the late eighteenth century the English Particular (or Calvinistic) Baptists experienced a deep and profound revitalization that witnessed their transformation from an inward-looking denomination primarily concerned with the preservation of their ecclesiological heritage into a body that was outward-looking, vitally involved in vigorous evangelism at home and abroad, and centred on the proclamation of the gospel. This article examines this transformation of the Particular Baptist identity primarily through some of the writings of John Sutcliff (1752–1814), pastor of the Baptist cause in Olney, Buckinghamshire, and a close mend of William Carey. The influence of this transformation had far-reaching significance and its reverberations were still being felt in the 1870s and 1880s, when the English Baptists had become one of the leading bearers of nineteenth-century British Evangelicalism.
Miracles, Charismata and Benjamin B. Warfield
Authors: Philip Barnes L.
Published: September 2022

The nature of the charismatic gifts and the extent to which the gifts are present in the contemporary church are controversial subjects among theologians. Many remain deeply suspicious of claims to have revived the gifts of the Spirit in the church, and among evangelicals such a stance often reflects or explicitly follows the line of argument proposed by Benjamin B. Warfield (1851–1921) in his Counterfeit Miracles. In this paper Warfield’s restriction of the charismatic gifts to the apostolic period is set out and criticised. The material is divided into three parts. In the first part, the biblical evidence on the gifts of the Spirit is summarised. In the second part Warfield's argument is introduced. In the third and final part criticisms are brought to bear on Warfield’s position. It is concluded what Warfield has provided no good reasons for rejecting the authenticity of contemporary expressions of the gifts.
Salvation and Suffering according to Jesus
Authors: Kim Seyoon
Published: September 2022

The discrepancy between the NT’s declaration of the believer’s salvation and its affirmation of the necessity of his/her suffering reflects the problem of the inaugurated eschatology. God’s reign, as believers render obedience to it which expresses itself concretely in terms of the double command of love for God and neighbour, already brings about salvation concretely in the form of individual wholeness, social shalom and ecological health. Yet Satan still reigns in sin (i.e. by instigating our self-assertive will against God and neighbour) and brings death which manifests itself in all forms of suffering. In this situation, believers’ obedience to God’s reign often means sacrifice and suffering for them as well as salvation for them and others. So Christians are the bearers of salvation who suffer. This is the discipleship to which Jesus has called us. Therefore preachers today must present both sides of Christian discipleship, as the means of making salvation in the Kingdom of God available already now and as the path of sacrifice in the world still under Satan’s reign.
An Era of Apologetical Hermeneutics—Detecting a Neo-Kantian Paradigm of Biblical Interpretation
Authors: Eskola Timo
Published: September 2022

This article attempts to present a thesis concerning a neo-Kantian argumentation which seems to lie behind the biblical interpretation of several famous scholars of modern times. A theological exploitation of the famous Kantian distinction between ‛a priori’ and ‛a posteriori’ knowledge resulted in separating historical study from the understanding of the message of the text.

This separation was usually made for apologetic purposes. D.F. Strauss, A. von Harnack and R. Bultmann wished to preserve the essence of Christianity from the attacks of the modern empirical sciences. Even though the historical content was lost for the most part—since the Bible was considered to be mythical and supernatural—eternal truth (Strauss) or the pure religion of Jesus (Harnack) or true existential self-understanding (Bultmann) were preserved.

If we examine the validity and justification of the neo-Kantian tradition today, we can see that it has been built on false premises. ‛A priori’ knowledge does not provide an entry into the transcendent. It is not a scientific method for attaining divine revelation. Neither can we agree with the assumption that the best understanding of a text is attained by separating the message from its historical content and context.

New solutions for a hermeneutical theory should be sought following the modern theory of knowledge. The meaning of a text is dependent on its precise content. This leads us to undertake a new assessment of the religious language of the Bible.
First record of the order Polyzoniida from the Indian subcontinent with an integrative description of a new genus (Diplopoda, Colobognatha, Siphonotidae)
Authors: ANILKUMAR POOJA AVINIPULLY , WESENER THOMAS , MORITZ LEIF
Published: September 2022

Considering the large area of the Indian subcontinent, its known millipede diversity is sparse with only ca. 270 described species in 90 genera, 25 families and 11 orders. So far, not a single polyzoniidan millipede has been described from India. The order Polyzoniida Cook, 1895 is one of the most species-poor millipede groups with less than 80 described species, and includes taxonomically problematic groups, especially in the family Siphonotidae Cook, 1895. Here we report the first representatives of the order Polyzoniida from India, and describe the new genus Theratta n. gen., with the three species Theratta mannavan n. sp., Theratta eravikulam n. sp., and Theratta shola n. sp., using scanning electron microscopy and COI genetic barcoding. Based on the morphological characters we place Theratta n. gen., and the three new species in the tribe Rhinotini Hoffman, 1977 of the family Siphonotidae. The gonopods of the new genus are similar to those of the genus Rhinotus Cook, 1896, but differ from all other Rhinotini in the modification of the podomere II of the anterior telopod, carrying a mesal process on the posterior side and a lamellar process on the anterior side. The three newly described species show a high interspecific genetic distance of 20.9–25.3%. The specimens were collected from the Shola forests (high altitude montane forests) of the southern Western Ghats in Kerala, India. We suggest that more extensive sampling in this area and in the Indian subcontinent in general will yield more new millipede species for science and expand our understanding of the hitherto neglected Indian millipede fauna.
Avaratra gen. nov. (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Flatidae) from northern Madagascar endemism centre
Authors: ŚWIERCZEWSKI DARIUSZ , STROIŃSKI ADAM
Published: September 2022

A new monospecific genus of flatid planthoppers (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Flatidae), Avaratra gen. nov., is described for Avaratra spinifemora sp. nov. (type species) from the island of Madagascar. Habitus, male and female external and internal genital structures of the new species are illustrated. Avaratra spinifemora gen. et sp. nov. is endemic to Madagascar and probably represent a species specialized to dry costal forest, the vegetation widely distributed in Madagascar, gradually extending with the climate change. Taking into account a few data and poor collecting in these areas, particularly for planthoppers, it is possible that the species occurs in other similar places along the west northern coast.
Incidental Appendiceal Tumors During Appendectomy: A Nineteen-Year Retrospective Review at a Municipal Hospital
Authors: Lieb David A. , Shah Shreya , Bhattarai Prabhat , Mitaszka Katie , Belmonte Augusta , Wallack Marc , Mariadason James
Published: September 2022

Non-operative management of appendicitis (NOMA) has recently gained popularity, but a concern is that NOMA might miss appendiceal neoplasms. We conducted a retrospective review of 1694 appendectomies done for acute appendicitis at our institution between January 2001 and December 2019 to study the incidence and distribution of appendiceal tumors. We identified 24 appendiceal neoplasms (1.43%), including 9 Low Grade Appendiceal Mucinous Neoplasms (LAMNs), 6 neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), 6 mucoceles, and one each of adenocarcinoma, endometrioma, and neurofibroma. Tumor occurrence had two age peaks, with LAMNs prominent in the 5th and 6th decades of life and NETs in the 2nd and 3rd decades. All patients under age 40 had benign disease. Presence of appendicoliths was independent of the presence of neoplasms. All cases were managed per National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines, with twenty cases cured by appendectomy alone. Given these, we conclude that NOMA is safe for patients under 40.
Chemotherapy response evaluation using diffusion weighted MRI in Ewing Sarcoma: A single center experience
Authors: Kayal Esha Baidya , Alampally Jayendra Tiru , Sharma Raju , Bakhshi Sameer , Mehndiratta Amit , Kumar Rakesh , Chandrashekhara SH , Jana Manisha , Bhalla Ashu Seith , Sharma Mehar Chand , Mridha Asit Ranjan , Vishnubhatla Sreenivas , Kandasamy Devasenathipathy
Published: September 2022

Background

Non-invasive biomarkers for early chemotherapeutic response in Ewing sarcoma family of tumors (ESFT) are useful for optimizing existing treatment protocol.

Purpose

To assess the role of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the early evaluation of chemotherapeutic response in ESFT.

Material and Methods

A total of 28 patients (mean age = 17.2 ± 5.6 years) with biopsy proven ESFT were analyzed prospectively. Patients underwent MRI acquisition on a 1.5-T scanner at three time points: before starting neoadjuvant chemotherapy (baseline), after first cycle chemotherapy (early time point), and after completion of chemotherapy (last time point). RECIST 1.1 criteria was used to evaluate the response to chemotherapy and patients were categorized as responders (complete and partial response) and non-responders (stable and progressive disease). Tumor diameter, absolute apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and normalized ADC (nADC) values in the tumor were measured. Baseline parameters and relative percentage change of parameters after first cycle chemotherapy were assessed for early detection of chemotherapy response.

Results

The responder:non-responder ratio was 21:7. At baseline, ADC ([0.864 ± 0.266 vs. 0.977 ± 0.246]) × 10−3mm2/s; P = 0.205) and nADC ([0.740 ± 0.254 vs. 0.925 ± 0.262] × 10−3mm2/s; P = 0.033) among responders was lower than the non-responders and predicted response to chemotherapy with AUCs of 0.6 and 0.735, respectively. At the early time point, tumor diameter (27% ± 14% vs. 4.6% ± 10%; P = 0.002) showed a higher reduction and ADC (75% ± 44% vs. 52% ± 72%; P = 0.039) and nADC (81% ± 44% vs. 48% ± 67%; P = 0.008) showed a higher increase in mean values among responders than the non-responders and identified chemotherapy response with AUC of 0.890, 0.723, and 0.756, respectively.

Conclusion

Baseline nADC and its change after the first cycle of chemotherapy can be used as non-invasive surrogate markers of early chemotherapeutic response in patients with ESFT.
Anatomic Factors Associated With the Development of an Anterior Cruciate Ligament Rerupture in Men: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Misir Abdulhamit , Uzun Erdal , Sayer Gokhan , Guney Betul , Guney Ahmet
Published: September 2022

Background:

Although several factors are associated with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rerupture, the effect of anatomic factors associated with ACL rupture on ACL rerupture development has not been evaluated.

Purpose:

To determine individual anatomic parameters independently associated with ACL rerupture and the diagnostic values of these parameters.

Study Design:

Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

A total of 91 male patients with ACL rerupture and 182 age-, sex-, body mass index–, and side dominance–matched patients without rerupture who underwent ACL reconstruction with a 5-year follow-up were included. In all, 35 parameters that were previously defined as risk factors for primary ACL rupture were compared between the 2 groups. Uni- and multivariate logistic regression models were created to evaluate independently associated factors. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed for independently associated parameters to predict sensitivity, specificity, and cutoff values.

Results:

The mean ± standard deviation age of patients at the time of index surgery was 26.5 ± 6.7 years. Notch shape index ( P = .014), tibial proximal anteroposterior (AP) distance (TPAPD) ( P < .001), lateral femoral condylar AP distance (LCAPD)/TPAPD ratio ( P < .001), medial meniscal cartilage bone height ( P < .001), and lateral meniscal bone angle ( P = .004) were found to be significantly different between the 2 groups. Only the LCAPD/TPAPD ratio (odds ratio, 2.713; 95% CI, 1.998-5.480; P < .001) was found to be independently associated with ACL rerupture development. The LCAPD/TPAPD ratio revealed 78.9% sensitivity and 75.5% specificity (area under the curve, 0.815; 95% CI, 0.760-0.870) for values above 1.52.

Conclusion:

The LCAPD/TPAPD ratio can be used to distinguish patients who are at risk of developing ACL rerupture from patients who are not. In the clinical practice, findings of this study may help to develop surgical and nonsurgical preventive strategies in ACL rerupture development.
Various phenotypes of LRBA gene with compound heterozygous variation: A case series report of pediatric cytopenia patients
Authors: Yao Jiafeng , Gu Hao , Mou Wenjun , Chen Zhenping , Ma Jie , Ma Honghao , Li Nan , Zhang Rui , Wang Tianyou , Jiang Jin , Wu Runhui
Published: September 2022

Objective:

LPS-responsive beige-like anchor (LRBA) deficiency is one of the most common monogenic disorders causing common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) and CVID-like disorders. However, the clinical spectrum of compound heterozygous (CHZ) LRBA variation should be extended. In this study, we presented five cases of compound heterozygous LRBA with various refractory cytopenias.

Materials and Methods:

Retrospective analysis of the clinical manifestations, management, and outcomes of five cases (from five pedigrees) with LRBA gene CHZ variants which initially manifested as single/multilineage immune cytopenias was performed.

Results:

1. Gene variations: All five patients inherited the compound heterozygous LRBA variations from their parents which were thought to be pathogenic. BEACH, DUF4704, and LamG were the main affected domains of LRBA gene in this case series. 2. Immune dysregulation of clinic: (1) Hypogammaglobulinemia were recorded in four patients, and the proportion of Treg was decreased in two patients. Only one patient had been with increased TCRαβ+CD4/CD8 double-negative T cells (DNT). (2) Lymphoproliferative manifestations were seen in three patients. (3) All five patients were complained with cytopenia, although they showed different clinical manifestations. None of the parents was asymptomatic. (4) Other immune disorders: P5 also had relapsed infections and autoimmune endocrinopathy. 3. Management and outcomes: P1 and P5 responded well to immunomodulatory therapy and P3 was effectively treated with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) first-line regimen chemotherapy. P4 showed no responses to steroids and IVIG. However, TPO-R agonist was effective.

Conclusion:

Unlike homozygous mutations, compound heterozygous LRBA variation should always be kept in mind for the various phenotypes and different treatment responses.
New Communities, New Relationships: Reflections from Junior Faculty Engaging in Community-Based Research
Authors: Demers Jennifer M. , Gregus Samantha , Petts Rachel A.
Published: September 2022

Promising community-level approaches to addressing interpersonal violence have increased in popularity over the last few decades. However, the shift towards community-based research has not necessarily extended to all graduate program pedagogies, especially given the range of disciplines from which researchers of interpersonal violence hail. Coupled with the fact that many new doctorates relocate to unfamiliar communities to secure their tenure-track positions, junior faculty may find the task of forming and maintaining rewarding community partnerships to be daunting at best. This article focuses on the process of embarking on community-based research as a new faculty member within a new community. In this article, three tenure-track assistant professors of a psychology department within an urban, Midwestern-based university reflected on their own experiences establishing community-based research collaborations after relocating for their positions. Personal narratives focused on experienced challenges and successes related to building mutually beneficial relationships with community organizations of relevance to addressing interpersonal violence (e.g., victim response services, healthcare providers, school systems) were written. Individual narratives were then compiled and six overarching themes (i.e., establishing initial connections, messaging and marketing one’s research to gain buy-in, overcoming misperceptions and distrust, maintaining relationships as an external partner, conducting research with community organizations, balancing community-based research and academic demands) related to challenges and multiple associated strategies and lessons learned were identified. Implications of this article for researchers of interpersonal violence who are building careers in a new community are discussed. Some of these implications include the need for increased mentorship, trainings and resources that are specifically targeted to junior faculty’s unique needs, and changes to departmental and college level infrastructures that better support and reward community-based research.
Dynamic failure behavior and damage evolution process of holed sandstone under impact loads
Authors: Tao Ming , Zhao Huatao , Momeni Aliakbar , Cao Wenzhuo , Zhao Yan
Published: September 2022

In this research, the damage process and dynamic failure behavior of some sandstone rocks, containing an elliptical hole, were evaluated. For this reason, a series of laboratory tests under both static and dynamic loads in 4 different orientations of the elliptical hole was performed. Modified Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar testing machine was employed to apply impact load. Dynamic fracture evolution was recorded by utilizing a high-speed camera to evaluate the macro damage evolution process. Scanning electron microscope analysis and thin section studies were also used to assess mineral's behavior regarding micro-crack evolution. Furthermore, the experimental tests were numerically simulated, and strain energy density and dynamic stress concentration factor were measured to evaluate the effect of elliptical hole inclination on dynamic response. The results indicated that when the largest diameter is perpendicular to core axis, the rock shows the lowest strength in both static and dynamic loading conditions. Also, with increasing hole inclination, both strain energy density and dynamic stress concentration factor decreased. Evaluation of fracture surface indicated that grain-boundary cracks are the dominant type of cracks and iron oxide cement distribution has a vital role in the development of the cracks.
Intrinsic formulation of the Kirchhoff–Love theory of nonlinearly elastic plates
Authors: Ciarlet Philippe G , Mardare Cristinel
Published: September 2022

The classical Kirchhoff–Love theory of a nonlinearly elastic plate provides a way to compute the deformation of such a plate subjected to given applied forces and boundary conditions by solving the Euler–Lagrange equation associated with a specific minimization problem, whose unknown is the displacement field of the middle surface of the plate. We show that this Euler–Lagrange equation is equivalent to a boundary value problem whose sole unknowns are the bending moments and stress resultants inside the middle surface of the plate, without any reference to the displacement field in its formulation. As a result, computing the stresses inside deformed plate can be done without using the derivatives of the corresponding displacement field, usually a source of numerical instabilities.
Bridging the Gap: Impact of dedicated post-discharge services on readmission rates and emergency department visits for psychiatrically hospitalized youth
Authors: Simmons Shannon , Noble Chelsea , Arquette Kristen , Thompson Alysha D
Published: September 2022

Background: For psychiatrically hospitalized youth, discharge care coordination can reduce suicide risk and rehospitalization, but studies on effective interventions or programs are sparse. This study aimed to examine the impact of a dedicated post-discharge bridging service including case management and therapeutic supports on readmissions and emergency department presentations. Methods: This retrospective cohort study compared emergency department mental health visits (EDMH) and psychiatric hospitalizations in the 60 days before the hospitalization which included referral to the bridging service, and in the 60 days post-hospitalization. Results: This diagnostically heterogeneous group of 238 youth had a mean age of 14 years and were of similar racial and ethnic background as the broader inpatient population. There was a nominal decrease in hospitalizations ( p = 0.251), and a significant decrease in EDMH ( p < 0.001) in the 60 days following referral to this program compared to the 60 days prior. Further, the proportion of patients with at least one EDMH or hospitalization decreased significantly before and after linkage with this service from 42.4% to 27.3% ( p < 0.001). Conclusion: Dedicated post-discharge bridging services including family-centered, flexible case management and therapeutic supports can reduce EDMH visits and potentially lower readmission for children and adolescents.
Sensitive, Challenging, and Difficult Topics: Experiences and Practical Considerations for Qualitative Researchers
Authors: Silverio Sergio A. , Sheen Kayleigh S. , Bramante Alessandra , Knighting Katherine , Koops Thula U. , Montgomery Elsa , November Lucy , Soulsby Laura K. , Stevenson Jasmin H. , Watkins Megan , Easter Abigail , Sandall Jane
Published: September 2022

Qualitative researchers often engage in work addressing challenging, difficult, or sensitive topics and are consequently exposed to the participants’ narratives which may be emotionally charged, distressing, or compromising. These narratives occasionally rest heavy on a researcher’s conscience or may linger in the mind. Much literature has assessed how best to keep participants safe, but less attention has been given to how we keep researchers safe. We therefore document the following: (1) Our experiences of the issues presented by undertaking qualitative research involving challenging, difficult, or sensitive topics; and (2) Practical principles devised to overcome these issues, ensuring safety and wellbeing amongst researchers engaging in these types of qualitative research. We provide guidance for qualitative researchers of all levels of experience and expertise on how best to protect and support themselves, their colleagues, and other collaborating research staff, when undertaking qualitative research which might otherwise feel uncomfortable or overwhelming to tackle.
When dental extractions go wrong: An overview of common complications and management
Authors: Obisesan Olamide , Bryant Cathy , Shah Aneesha
Published: September 2022

The extraction of teeth carries a risk of associated complications, some of which may be predicted, providing an opportunity for them to be prevented or their effects minimised. Prior to embarking on any extraction, the dentist must be confident that they are able to deal with any complication that may arise. This paper provides an overview of the complications of dental extraction which are commonly encountered, considers the factors which predispose to them arising, suggests how the risk of them occurring can be reduced, and describes how they should be managed.
An overview of assessment and management of acute dental pain
Authors: Jadun Sarah , Shah Aneesha
Published: September 2022

Dental care practitioners are often the first port of call for patients presenting with acute dental pain. Due to the increasing backlog of patients in the UK resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, it is expected that an increasing number of patients will present to dental care practitioners with acute dental problems. This article aims to provide an overview of common presentations of acute dental pain, the importance of thorough assessment and accurate diagnosis, and the management of such conditions.
A Phenomenological Model Reproducing Temporal Response Characteristics of an Electrically Stimulated Auditory Nerve Fiber
Authors: Takanen Marko , Seeber Bernhard U.
Published: September 2022

The ability of cochlear implants (CIs) to restore hearing to profoundly deaf people is based on direct electrical stimulation of the auditory nerve fibers (ANFs). Still, CI users do not achieve as good hearing outcomes as their normal-hearing peers. The development and optimization of CI stimulation strategies to reduce that gap could benefit from computational models that can predict responses evoked by different stimulation patterns, particularly temporal responses for coding of temporal fine structure information. To that end, we present the sequential biphasic leaky integrate-and-fire (S-BLIF) model for the ANF response to various pulse shapes and temporal sequences. The phenomenological S-BLIF model is adapted from the earlier BLIF model that can reproduce neurophysiological single-fiber cat ANF data from single-pulse stimulations. It was extended with elements that simulate refractoriness, facilitation, accommodation and long-term adaptation by affecting the threshold value of the model momentarily after supra- and subthreshold stimulation. Evaluation of the model demonstrated that it can reproduce neurophysiological data from single neuron recordings involving temporal phenomena related to inter-pulse interactions. Specifically, data for refractoriness, facilitation, accommodation and spike-rate adaptation can be reproduced. In addition, the model can account for effects of pulse rate on the synchrony between the pulsatile input and the spike-train output. Consequently, the model offers a versatile tool for testing new coding strategies for, e.g., temporal fine structure using pseudo-monophasic pulses, and for estimating the status of the electrode-neuron interface in the CI user's cochlea.
Metabolic Syndromes in Overweight/Obese School-Age Children
Authors: Otiashvili Lia
Published: September 2022

The research aimed at studying the phenomenological structure of metabolic syndromes in overweight and obese school-age children. The cohort of 210 students participated in the cross-sectional study. Among them 84 children (40%) were overweight/obese and 126 students (60%)—with normal weight. The incidence of abdominal obesity and arterial hypertension were studied and lipid profile was assessed in obese children. The results of research revealed the early manifestation of abdominal obesity (14.3%-16.7%), arterial hypertension (the elevation of systolic pressure—27.4%, the increase in diastolic pressure—10.7%) and hypercholesterolemia (9.5%) in the population of overweight/obese school age children, which allows to take prompt corrective actions on metabolic syndrome and reduce the risk of its formation.
Spatiotemporal characterization of aerosols and trace gases over the Yangtze River Delta region, China: impact of trans-boundary pollution and meteorology
Authors: Javed Zeeshan , Bilal Muhammad , Qiu Zhongfeng , Li Guanlin , Sandhu Osama , Mehmood Khalid , Wang Yu , Ali Md. Arfan , Liu Cheng , Wang Yuhang , Xue Ruibin , Du Daolin , Zheng Xiaojun
Published: September 2022

Background

The spatiotemporal variation of observed trace gases (NO2, SO2, O3) and particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10) were investigated over cities of Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region including Nanjing, Hefei, Shanghai and Hangzhou. Furthermore, the characteristics of different pollution episodes, i.e., haze events (visibility < 7 km, relative humidity < 80%, and PM2.5 > 40 µg/m3) and complex pollution episodes (PM2.5 > 35 µg/m3 and O3 > 160 µg/m3) were studied over the cities of the YRD region. The impact of China clean air action plan on concentration of aerosols and trace gases is examined. The impacts of trans-boundary pollution and different meteorological conditions were also examined.

Results

The highest annual mean concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, NO2 and O3 were found for 2019 over all the cities. The annual mean concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 showed continuous declines from 2019 to 2021 due to emission control measures and implementation of the Clean Air Action plan over all the cities of the YRD region. The annual mean O3 levels showed a decline in 2020 over all the cities of YRD region, which is unprecedented since the beginning of the China’s National environmental monitoring program since 2013. However, a slight increase in annual O3 was observed in 2021. The highest overall means of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, and NO2 were observed over Hefei, whereas the highest O3 levels were found in Nanjing. Despite the strict control measures, PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations exceeded the Grade-1 National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and WHO (World Health Organization) guidelines over all the cities of the YRD region. The number of haze days was higher in Hefei and Nanjing, whereas the complex pollution episodes or concurrent occurrence of O3 and PM2.5 pollution days were higher in Hangzhou and Shanghai.

The in situ data for SO2 and NO2 showed strong correlation with Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) satellite data.

Conclusions

Despite the observed reductions in primary pollutants concentrations, the secondary pollutants formation is still a concern for major metropolises. The increase in temperature and lower relative humidity favors the accumulation of O3, while low temperature, low wind speeds and lower relative humidity favor the accumulation of primary pollutants. This study depicts different air pollution problems for different cities inside a region. Therefore, there is a dire need to continuous monitoring and analysis of air quality parameters and design city-specific policies and action plans to effectively deal with the metropolitan pollution.