bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
100‐kyr Paced Climate Change in the Pliocene Warm Period, Southwest Pacific
Authors: Caballero‐Gill R. P. , Herbert T. D. , Dowsett H. J.
Published: March 2019

The mid to late Pliocene (~4.2–2.8 Ma.) represents an experiment in climate sensitivity to orbital pacing in which nearly all continental ice was confined to the Southern Hemisphere. Most studies have emphasized the dominant role of obliquity in determining changes in ice volume and temperature at this time, although most records come from the Northern Hemisphere, instead of the hemisphere where the bulk of ice resided. We present the first orbitally‐resolved, mid to late Pliocene Southern Hemisphere paired records of surface and subsurface variability from two deep ocean archives from the Southwest Pacific Ocean (Sites 594 and 1125). These records indicate dominance of low frequencies centered at ~100 kyr for this time period. Because these signatures extend coherently and synchronously from middepth water properties (δ13C, δ18O of benthic foraminifera), which have their chemistry set in the subantarctic belt, to the surface (alkenone‐derived surface temperature estimates, color reflectance, and magnetic susceptibility), we infer that the fingerprint of the ~100‐kyr cycles must have extended over a large region of the Southern Hemisphere. We propose that nonlinearities in climate response to precessional forcing—most likely through ice sheet and/or carbon cycle behavior—generated the observed low frequency. A review of published mid to late Pliocene time series suggests that the ~100‐kyr pacing may be a widespread phenomenon and that major approximately 100‐kyr excursions in Pliocene climate were an important overlay to the underlying 41‐kyr glacial‐interglacial rhythm. These results caution against uncritical use of existing Pliocene isotopic templates to construct high‐resolution age models.
Counterpropagating interactions of self-focusing Airy beams
Authors: Marsal Nicolas , Wiersma Noémi , Sciamanna Marc , Wolfersberger Delphine
Published: March 2019

We study the first experimental collisions of two incoherent self-focused counterpropagating Airy beams in a nonlinear crystal. Their interactions demonstrate that the self-focusing dynamics of the Airy beams can be spatially controlled by the counterpropagating Airy beam. By tuning the misalignment and the size of the beams, we can control the output position of the self-focused Airy beam and switch to multiple outputs. Also the nonlinearity strength enables to engineer the temporal stability of the resulting waveguide structure.
Wirelessly Controlled Implantable System for On-demand and Pulsatile Insulin Administration
Authors: Lee Seung Ho , Ahn Joong Woo , Cho Yong Chan , Kim Se-Na , Lee Cheol , Ku Gi Won , Bin Choy Young , Kim Hee Chan
Published: March 2019

We propose a wirelessly controlled implantable system for on-demand and pulsatile insulin delivery with a more convenient and safer strategy than currently available strategies. The system is a combined entity of a magnetically driven pump (i.e., an MDP), external control device (i.e., an ECD) and mobile app. The MDP for implantation consists of a plunger, barrel and drug reservoir, where an accurate amount of insulin can be infused in a pulsatile manner only at the time when a magnetic force is applied to actuate the plunger in the barrel. The ECD at the outside body can modulate the MDP actuation with an electromagnet and its control circuit, and this modulation can be wirelessly controlled by the mobile app. As a safety feature, the mobile app is programmed to pre-set the restrictions for the insulin dose and administration schedule to avoid overdose. The system is shown to infuse insulin in a highly reproducible manner, but it does not allow for insulin infusion when the pre-set restrictions are violated. When tested with diabetic rats, the profiles of insulin plasma concentration and blood glucose level are similar to those of animals treated with a subcutaneous injection of the same dose of insulin.
Integrative Genome-Wide Association Studies of eQTL and GWAS Data for Gout Disease Susceptibility
Authors: Lee Meng-tse Gabriel , Hsu Tzu-Chun , Chen Shyr-Chyr , Lee Ya-Chin , Kuo Po-Hsiu , Yang Jenn-Hwai , Chang Hsiu-Hao , Lee Chien-Chang
Published: March 2019

There is a paucity of genome-wide association study on Han Chinese gout patients. We performed a genome-wide association meta-analysis on two Taiwanese cohorts consisting of 758 gout cases and 14166 controls of Han Chinese ancestry. All the participants were recruited from the Taiwan Biobank. For pathway analysis, we applied ICSNPathway (Identify candidate Causal SNPs and Pathways) analysis, and to investigate whether expression-associated genetic variants contribute to gout susceptibility, we systematically integrated lymphoblastoid expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) and genome-wide association data of gout using Sherlock, a Bayesian statistical frame-work. In the meta-analysis, we found 4 SNPs that reached genome-wide statistical significance (P < 5.0 × 10−8). These SNPs are in or close to ABCG2, PKD2 and NUDT9 gene on chromosome 4. ICSNPathway analysis identified rs2231142 as the candidate causal SNP, and ABCG2 as the candidate gene. Sherlcok analysis identified three genes, which were significantly associated with the risk of gout (PKD2, NUTD9, and NAP1L5). To conclude, we reported novel susceptible loci for gout that has not been previously addressed in the literature.
Targeting cellular metabolism to reduce head and neck cancer growth
Authors: Yang Jian , Guo Yuqi , Seo Wonkyu , Zhang Ruohan , Lu Cuijie , Wang Yaoyu , Luo Liang , Paul Bidisha , Yan Wenbo , Saxena Deepak , Li Xin
Published: March 2019

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) presents a major public health concern because of delayed diagnosis and poor prognosis. Malignant cells often reprogram their metabolism in order to promote their survival and proliferation. Aberrant glutaminase 1 (GLS1) expression enables malignant cells to undergo increased glutaminolysis and utilization of glutamine as an alternative nutrient. In this study, we found a significantly elevated GLS1 expression in HNSCC, and patients with high expression levels of GLS1 experienced shorter disease-free periods after therapy. We hypothesized that the GLS1 selective inhibitor, bis-2-(5-phenylacetamido-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)ethyl sulfide (BPTES), which curtails cells’ glutamine consumption, may inhibit HNSCC cell growth. Our results support the idea that BPTES inhibits HNSCC growth by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Considering that metformin can reduce glucose consumption, we speculated that metformin would enhance the anti-neoplasia effect of BPTES by suppressing malignant cells’ glucose utilization. The combination of both compounds exhibited an additive inhibitory effect on cancer cell survival and proliferation. All of our data suggest that GLS1 is a promising therapeutic target for HNSCC treatment. Combining BPTES with metformin might achieve improved anti-cancer effects in HNSSC, which sheds light on using novel therapeutic strategies by dually targeting cellular metabolism.
Capacitive technologies for highly controlled and personalized electrical stimulation by implantable biomedical systems
Authors: Soares dos Santos Marco P. , Coutinho J. , Marote Ana , Sousa Bárbara , Ramos A. , Ferreira Jorge A. F. , Bernardo Rodrigo , Rodrigues André , Marques A. Torres , Cruz e Silva Odete A. B. da , Furlani Edward P. , Simões José A. O. , Vieira Sandra I.
Published: March 2019

Cosurface electrode architectures are able to deliver personalized electric stimuli to target tissues. As such, this technology holds potential for a variety of innovative biomedical devices. However, to date, no detailed analyses have been conducted to evaluate the impact of stimulator architecture and geometry on stimuli features. This work characterizes, for the first time, the electric stimuli delivered to bone cellular tissues during in vitro experiments, when using three capacitive architectures: stripped, interdigitated and circular patterns. Computational models are presented that predict the influence of cell confluence, cosurface architecture, electrodes geometry, gap size between electrodes and power excitation on the stimuli delivered to cellular layers. The results demonstrate that these stimulators are able to deliver osteoconductive stimuli. Significant differences in stimuli distributions were observed for different stimulator designs and different external excitations. The thickness specification was found to be of utmost importance. In vitro experiments using an osteoblastic cell line highlight that cosurface stimulation at a low frequency can enhance osteoconductive responses, with some electrode-specific differences being found. A major feature of this type of work is that it enables future detailed analyses of stimuli distribution throughout more complex biological structures, such as tissues and organs, towards sophisticated biodevice personalization.
3D ITO-nanowire networks as transparent electrode for all-terrain substrate
Authors: Li Qiang , Tian Zhenhuan , Zhang Yuantao , Wang Zuming , Li Yufeng , Ding Wen , Wang Tao , Yun Feng
Published: March 2019

A 3D ITO nanowire network with high quality by using polystyrene as an assisted material has been prepared, demonstrating superior optoelectronic performances with a sheet resistance of 193 Ω/sq at 96% transmission. Both remarkable flexibility tested under bending stress and excellent adhesion applied on special terrain substrate have been achieved. This method has led to a full coverage of micro-holes at a depth of 18 µm and a bottom spacing of only 1 µm, as well as a perfect gap-free coverage for micro-tubes and pyramid array. It has been proved that this 3D ITO nanowire network can be used as a transparent conductive layer for optoelectronic devices with any topography surface. Through the application on the micro-holes, -tubes and -pyramid array, some new characteristics of the 3D ITO nanowires in solar cells, sensors, micro-lasers and flexible LEDs have been found. Such 3D ITO nanowire networks could be fabricated directly on micro-irregular substrates, which will greatly promote the application of the heterotypic devices.
UO22+structure in solvent extraction phases resolved at molecular and supramolecular scales: a combined molecular dynamics, EXAFS and SWAXS approach
Authors: Duvail Magali , Dumas Thomas , Paquet Amaury , Coste Amaury , Berthon Laurence , Guilbaud Philippe
Published: March 2019

We developed a polarizable force field for unraveling the UO22+structure in both aqueous and solvent extraction phases.
A Pd-catalyzed ring opening coupling reaction of 2,3-allenylic carbonates with cyclopropanols
Authors: Lin Jie , Zhu Tonghao , Jia Minqiang , Ma Shengming
Published: March 2019

A palladium-catalyzed coupling reaction of 2,3-allenylic carbonates with cyclopropanols afforded 1,3-dien-2-yl ketones efficiently under mild reaction conditions.
A gaseous hydrogen chloride chemosensor based on a 2D covalent organic framework
Authors: Cui Fu-Zhi , Xie Jiao-Jiao , Jiang Shu-Yan , Gan Shi-Xian , Ma De-Li , Liang Rong-Ran , Jiang Guo-Fang , Zhao Xin
Published: March 2019

A gaseous hydrogen chloride chemosensor has been developed based on a 2D covalent organic framework (COF), which exhibits a very fast response and high sensitivity to gaseous HCl through distinct changes in fluorescence emission and color.
Growth, electrical and optical studies, and terahertz wave generation of organic NLO crystals: DSTMS
Authors: Wang Tianhua , Cao Lifeng , Zhong Degao , Liu Jiaojiao , Teng Fei , Ji Shaohua , Sun Shijia , Tang Jie , Teng Bing
Published: March 2019

The raw material of 4-N,N-dimethylamino-4′-N′-methyl-stilbazolium 2,4,6-trimethylbenzenesulfonate (DSTMS) is synthesized by a condensation method under the catalysis of piperidine.
Memory effects on crystallization behaviours of poly(l-lactic acid) revisited
Authors: Hu Cunliang , Li Jingqing , Huang Shaoyong , Li Hongfei , Chen Jizhong , Yu Donghong , Christiansen Jesper de Claville , Jiang Shichun , An Lijia
Published: March 2019

Memory effects play an important role in understanding polymer crystallization, especially for self-seeding or self-nucleation of polymer crystallization.
1D coordination polymer (OPD)2CoIISO4showing SMM behaviour and multiple relaxation modes
Authors: Konieczny Piotr , Gonzalez-Guillén Anabel B. , Luberda-Durnaś Katarzyna , Čižmár Erik , Pełka Robert , Oszajca Marcin , Łasocha Wiesław
Published: March 2019

Manifold SMM-type magnetic relaxations in a one-dimensional complex (OPD)2CoIISO4with strong easy-axis magnetic anisotropy.
Temperature-assisted formation of reversible metallophilic Au–Ag interaction arrays
Authors: Gil-Moles María , Gimeno M. Concepción , López-de-Luzuriaga José M. , Monge Miguel , Olmos M. Elena
Published: March 2019

Two polymorphs of the complex [{AuR2}Ag(terpy)]n have been obtained through a temperature-controlled approach. These polymorphs show distinct Au–Ag intermetallic arrangements, which are interconvertible through recrystallisation at an appropriate temperature.
Visible light initiated hydrothiolation of alkenes and alkynes over ZnIn2S4
Authors: Li Yuanyuan , Cai Jingyu , Hao Mingming , Li Zhaohui
Published: March 2019

A green, sustainable and cost-effective strategy for the synthesis of thiolated products.
Do An(iii) and Ln(iii) ions form heteroleptic complexes with diglycolamide and hydrophilic BT(B)P ligands in solvent extraction systems? A spectroscopic and DFT study
Authors: Herdzik-Koniecko Irena , Wagner Christoph , Trumm Michael , Müllich Udo , Schimmelpfennig Bernd , Narbutt Jerzy , Geist Andreas , Panak Petra J.
Published: March 2019

Formation of heteroleptic complexes would explain a discrepancy between results from solvent extraction and from spectroscopy reported earlier.
Investigating the active site of human trimethyllysine hydroxylase
Authors: Wang Yali , Reddy Y. Vijayendar , Al Temimi Abbas H. K. , Venselaar Hanka , Nelissen Frank H. T. , Lenstra Danny C. , Mecinović Jasmin
Published: March 2019

The biologically important carnitine biosynthesis pathway in humans proceeds via four enzymatic steps. The first step in carnitine biosynthesis is catalyzed by trimethyllysine hydroxylase (TMLH), a non-heme Fe(II) and 2-oxoglutarate (2OG)-dependent oxygenase, which catalyzes the stereospecific hydroxylation of (2S)-Nε-trimethyllysine to (2S,3S)-3-hydroxy-Nε-trimethyllysine. Here, we report biocatalytic studies on human TMLH and its 19 variants introduced through site-directed mutagenesis. Amino acid substitutions at the sites involved in binding of the Fe(II) cofactor, 2OG cosubstrate and (2S)-Nε-trimethyllysine substrate provide a basic insight into the binding requirements that determine an efficient TMLH-catalyzed conversion of (2S)-Nε-trimethyllysine to (2S,3S)-3-hydroxy-Nε-trimethyllysine. This work demonstrates the importance of the recognition sites that contribute to the enzymatic activity of TMLH: the Fe(II)-binding H242–D244–H389 residues, R391–R398 involved in 2OG binding and several residues (D231, N334 and the aromatic cage comprised of W221, Y217 and Y234) associated with binding of (2S)-Nε-trimethyllysine.
Improved dielectric properties achieved by blending PP and PVDF
Authors: Fan Benhui , He Delong , Liu Yu , Zhou Mingyu , Zhang Chong , Bai Jinbo
Published: March 2019

Polymer films composed of polypropylene (PP) and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) have been fabricated by extrusion with filming system. Owing to the low content of crystallites and the lubricant of carbon black, the commercial product PVDF 370 can be compatible with PP by simply blending at the molten state and the obtained film has improved dielectric constant (ɛ ′ = 4.5) and reduced dielectric loss (tan δ  = 0.5%) at 1000 Hz. The modified dielectric properties result from the high dielectric constant of PVDF and low dielectric loss of PP. In addition, by introducing the third polymer, low‐density polyethylene (LDPE), the dielectric constant of the ternary blends (PP/PVDF 370/LDPE) can further be increased.
Fundamentals for the development of impact categories for the application of LCA in space − space debris
Authors: Ko Nathanael , Bouslama Raed , Betten Thomas , Pfeuffer Simon
Published: March 2019

The measurable environmental impacts associated with space travel are still relatively low, compared to the total anthropogenic emissions. Yet, its significance will increase with a general increase in space travel. State-of-the-art assessments of space systems are limited to a cradle-to-launch scope and need to be extended to cover the whole life cycle. Previous work established that Life Cycle Assessment is a suitable tool to cover these additional impacts, with the impacts of space debris being identified as the most relevant at the moment. First, the work by Maury et al. on orbital scarcity, developing impact pathways of space debris as an impact on resource depletion, is discussed. Afterwards, this study takes an anthropocentric view and impact pathways of space debris as an impact on human health are developed. The two different areas of damage by space debris in space by collision and during the re-entry were identified and discussed separately. The chosen impact category for both damage categories is disability-adjusted life years (DALY). Calculation approaches for the physical damage caused in space and during re-entry are developed. To calculate the impacts of toxic and radioactive substances that are emitted or produced by collision or re-entry further research is needed. The work of Maury et al. complements the indicators, developed in this study. Yet, not all of the impacts of space debris are completely covered and need to be studied further. Nevertheless, as a next step towards integrating the impacts of space debris a practical implementation assessing changes to orbital scarcity and potential impacts on human health by space debris is considered as feasible and important.
Current correction and fuzzy logic optimizations of Perturb & Observe MPPT technique in photovoltaic panel
Authors: Ourahou Meriem , Ayrir Wiam , Haddi Ali
Published: March 2019

This paper presents a two-way optimization of the Perturb & Observe (P&O) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique using current correction and fuzzy logic techniques. In fact, photovoltaic (PV) energy has become more and more coveted today. In the future, it will become a necessity. To ensure its optimization, maximum operating point tracking method is considered as a technological key in PV systems. One of the most used MPPT methods is the P&O technique. In this paper, we will focus on optimizing this method based on two techniques. A first attempt has been made to estimate a current correction of the P&O algorithm in case of illumination variation. Then, fuzzy logic optimization attempt had been highlighted to improve power loss. It is shown that both proposed techniques are very effective and allow considerable improvement of accuracy and are less affected by sudden variation of climatic parameters. The proposed approaches are tested via Matlab software and compared the classical P&O algorithm. Through applications, we could conclude that the two optimized proposed methods offer a remarkable improvement concerning power losses.
Linda Williams’ „Hard Core“
Authors: Döring Nicola
Published: March 2019

Die Monografie „Hard Core“ der US-amerikanischen Filmwissenschaftlerin Linda Williams erschien im Jahr 1989, inmitten der „feministischen Porno-Kriege“. Das Buch gilt als Klassiker der Pornografie-Forschung, da es sich eben nicht um eine weitere ideologische Streitschrift für oder gegen Pornografie handelt, sondern erstmals um eine wissenschaftliche Arbeit, die das Genre des pornografischen Films detailliert in seiner historischen Entwicklung und Machart analysiert. Anlässlich des 30. Geburtstags des Werkes stellt der vorliegende Beitrag die Autorin und ihr Buch vor, geht auf seine Rezeptionsgeschichte ein und arbeitet die Bedeutung für die heute boomende Pornografie-Forschung heraus.
Implementation of endoscopic submucosal dissection for early upper gastrointestinal tract cancer after primary experience in colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection
Authors: Mocker Lena , Hildenbrand Ralf , Oyama Tsuneo , Sido Bernd , Yahagi Naohisa , Dumoulin Franz
Published: March 2019

Background Current guidelines recommend endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) as a treatment option for early cancers of the upper gastrointestinal tract with absent or minimal risk of lymph node metastasis. However, due to the low prevalence of these entities, it is difficult to achieve a competence level for ESD of upper gastrointestinal tract cancers in the Western World. Here, we present single-center data on the implementation of upper gastrointestinal ESD after previous experience with 89 colorectal ESD cases.

Methods Retrospective case series of 39 consecutive patients with early cancers of the esophagus (n = 13) or cardia and stomach (n = 26) treated with ESD over a 4-year period.

Results ESD was technically feasible in all cases with en bloc, R0, and curative resection rates of 100 %, 76.9 %, and 71.8 %, respectively, and a mean procedure time of 100 minutes (30 – 360 minutes). After an initial 20 procedures, the R0 and curative resection rates increased from 65.0 % to 89.5 %, and from 60.0 % to 84.2 %, respectively. Complications were observed in four patients (10.3 %): three perforations, one case of delayed bleeding, and one esophageal stricture. No case required emergency surgery; the 30-day mortality rate was 0 %.

Conclusion In this modest case series from Europe, we observed an effectiveness and complication rate for ESD for early esophageal and gastric cancer that are comparable to other series from Europe but also to more abundant data from Asia. The results indicate that even small numbers of upper gastrointestinal cancers can be managed adequately in centers with expertise in colorectal ESD.
Fulminant Essential Thrombocythemia Associated with Acquired Von Willebrand Syndrome and Bleeding Episodes in a 14-year-old Girl
Authors: Schneider C. , Stutz-Grunder E. , Lüer S. , Keller P. , Kremer Hovinga J. A. , Ammann R. A. , Karow A.
Published: March 2019

Background Essential thrombocythemia is a chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm. It is extremely rare in children below 15 years of age with an estimated annual incidence of only 0.09 per million. Usually, clinical symptoms associated with essential thrombocythemia are mild or absent.

Case Here, we present the case of a 14-year-old female patient fulminantly presenting with acute symptoms comprising visual impairment, palmar and plantar stabbing pain. Blood count revealed massive thrombocytosis of 2373 × 109/L. Bone marrow morphology showed elevated numbers of mature megakaryocytes. Von Willebrand factor activity/antigen ratio was significantly reduced compatible with an acquired Von Willebrand syndrome associated with high platelet counts. Molecular analyses for driver mutations of myeloproliferative neoplasms including JAK2V617F, CALR and MPL were negative. Acute therapy comprising hyperhydration and oxygen supply complemented by acetylsalicylic acid led to amelioration of symptoms. Medication with hydroxycarbamide maintained a significant reduction of platelet counts but had to be reduced or withheld several times due to neutropenia. Repeated bleeding episodes observed in the course were clearly associated with increases in platelet counts above 1200 × 109/L explained by acquired von Willebrand syndrome. Sixteen months after diagnosis, therapy was switched to pegylated interferon and platelet counts could be stabilized without significant side effects.
Molecular dynamics investigation of surface roughness scale effect on interfacial thermal conductance at solid-liquid interfaces
Authors: Surblys Donatas , Kawagoe Yoshiaki , Shibahara Masahiko , Ohara Taku
Published: March 2019

Non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations were conducted for solid-liquid-solid systems with nanometer scale grooved surfaces and an induced heat flux for a wide range of topology and solid-liquid interaction conditions to investigate the mechanism of solid-liquid heat transfer, which is the first work of such extensive detail done about the nanoscale roughness effect on heat transfer properties. Single-atom molecules were used for liquid, and the solid-liquid interaction was varied from superhydrophobic to superhydrophilic, while the groove scale was varied from single atom to several nanometers, while keeping the surface area twice that of a flat surface. Both Wenzel and Cassie wetting regimes with a clear transition point were observed due to the capillary effect inside larger grooves that were more than 5 liquid molecule diameters, while such transition was not observed at smaller scales. At the hydrophobic state, large scale grooves had lower interfacial thermal conductance (ITC) due to the Cassie regime, i.e., having unfilled grooves, while at the hydrophilic state, grooved surfaces had ITC about twice that of a flat surface, indicating an extended heat transfer surface effect regardless of the groove scale. At the superhydrophilic state, crystallization of liquid at the surface occurred, and the packing of liquid molecules had a substantial effect on ITC regardless of the groove scale. Finally, both potential energy of solid-liquid interaction and work of solid-liquid adhesion were calculated and were shown to be in similar relations to ITC for all groove scales, except for the smallest single-atom scale grooves, due to a different heat transfer mechanism.
Large g factor in bilayer WS2 flakes
Authors: Sun Sibai , Yu Yang , Dang Jianchen , Peng Kai , Xie Xin , Song Feilong , Qian Chenjiang , Wu Shiyao , Ali Hassan , Tang Jing , Yang Jingnan , Xiao Shan , Tian Shilu , Wang Meng , Shan Xinyan , Rafiq M. A. , Wang Can , Xu Xiulai
Published: March 2019

The valley of transition metal dichalcogenides provides an additional platform to manipulate spin due to its unique selection rule. Normally, intralayer optical transitions in the magnetic field show a Zeeman splitting with a g factor of about −4. Here, we report a remarkable valley Zeeman effect exhibited by the splitting of excitonic emission in a bilayer WS2, with a value of g factor as large as −16.5. The observed large g factor results from the interlayer recombination, as the conduction band and the valence band are modified in opposite directions by the magnetic field in different layers. The interlayer recombination is due to the defect induced inversion symmetry breaking, which is theoretically not accessible in ideal bilayer WS2 with inversion symmetry. The large g factor of interlayer emission offers potential benefits for future optical spin control and detection.
Correlations of NHN hydrogen bond energy with geometry and 1H NMR chemical shift difference of NH protons for aniline complexes
Authors: Tupikina E. Yu. , Sigalov M. , Shenderovich I. G. , Mulloyarova V. V. , Denisov G. S. , Tolstoy P. M.
Published: March 2019

In this computational work, we propose to use the NMR chemical shift difference of NH2 protons for 1:1 complexes formed by aniline and nitrogen-containing proton acceptors for the estimation of the hydrogen bond energy and geometry (N⋯H and N⋯N distances). The proposed correlations could be applied to other aromatic amines as well, in a gas phase, a solution, or a solid state, for both inter- and intramolecular hydrogen bonds. We considered a set of 21 complexes with the NHN hydrogen bond without proton transfer, including hydrogen bonds from weak to medium strong ones (2–21 kcal/mol), with neutral or anionic bases and with sp3 and sp2 hybridized nitrogen proton acceptors. For each complex apart from direct hydrogen bond energy calculation, we have tested several other ways to estimate the energy: (a) using a correlation between NH stretching band intensity and hydrogen bond energy and (b) using correlations between electron density properties at (3, −1) bond critical point (quantum theory of atoms in molecules analysis) and hydrogen bond energy. Besides for the studied type of complexes, we obtained refined linear correlations linking the local electron kinetic (G) and potential (V) energy densities with the hydrogen bond energy.
A Dictionary of Publishing
Authors: Bullock Adrian , Jennings Chris , Timbrell Nicola
Published: March 2019

This new dictionary covers the full range of publishing-related topics, defining terms encountered in the processes of editing, producing, printing, and distributing books and digital content. With entries ranging from proofreading and binding to discoverability and royalties, and covering contemporary areas of publishing such as digital workflow and digital rights management, the dictionary provides easy-to-find and accurate information on key terms and concepts. It is an invaluable reference resource for students of publishing, as well as for those currently working in the industry.
Changing of the guard: mixed specialization and flexibility in nest defense (Tetragonisca angustula)
Authors: Baudier Kaitlin M , Ostwald Madeleine M , Grüter Christoph , Segers Francisca H I D , Roubik David W , Pavlic Theodore P , Pratt Stephen C , Fewell Jennifer H
Published: March 2019

Task allocation is a central challenge of collective behavior in a variety of group-living species, and this is particularly the case for the allocation of social insect workers for group defense. In social insects, both benefits and considerable costs are associated with the production of specialized soldiers. We asked whether colonies mitigate costs of production of specialized soldiers by simultaneously employing behavioral flexibility in nonspecialist workers that can augment defense capabilities at short time scales. We studied colonies of the stingless bee Tetragonisca angustula, a species that has 2 discrete nest-guarding tasks typically performed by majors: hovering guarding and standing guarding. Majors showed age polyethism across nest-guarding tasks, first hovering and then changing to the task of standing guarding after 1 week. Colonies were also able to reassign minors to guarding tasks when majors were experimentally removed. Replacement guards persisted in nest defense tasks until colonies produced enough majors to return to their initial state. Tetragonisca angustula colonies thus employed a coordinated set of specialization strategies in nest defense: morphologically specialized soldiers, age polyethism among soldiers within specific guarding tasks, and rapid flexible reallocation of nonspecialists to guarding during soldier loss. This mixed strategy achieves the benefits of a highly specialized defensive force while maintaining the potential for rapid reinforcement when soldiers are lost or colonies face unexpectedly intense attack.
Frequent ventricular extrasystoles after heart transplantation: a late presentation of amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis: a case report
Authors: Simonenko Maria , Fedotov Petr , Babenko Alina , Karpenko Mikhail
Published: March 2019

Background

There is a lack of information about a mixed type of amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis (AIT) after heart transplantation (HTx) with no amiodarone treatment in almost 1 year. Frequent ventricular extrasystoles (VES) associated with a mixed type of AIT can often be treated using thiamazole and prednisolone, without the need for specific antiarrhythmic treatment.

Case summary

We present a clinical case of a 65-year-old heart transplanted male patient with frequent VES associated with mixed type of AIT. Recipient had managed with amiodarone prior to HTx but there were no indications for it after the surgery. One year after antiarrhythmic treatment was discontinued, monomorphic VES (total amount: 27 472/day) were diagnosed. In addition, our investigation revealed that thyrotoxicosis developed. Prednisolone and thiamazole were added to the treatment with positive outcomes. The antithyroid treatment had been discontinued after 9 months and results of the 24-h Holter electrocardiogram monitoring showed only two VES/24 h.

Discussion

The case highlights the association of amiodarone, thyroid disorders, and VES. In mixed type AIT or if diagnosis is uncertain, it is reasonable to use mixed therapy. Next is to decide whether you need special treatment for VES. There was no evidence of ventricular tachycardia. Thyroid function tests remained normal off antithyroid medications and the total amount of VES significantly decreased. There were no indications for any antiarrhythmic treatment or ablation.
Self-efficacy and social competence reduce socioeconomic inequality in emotional symptoms among schoolchildren
Authors: Meilstrup Charlotte , Holstein Bjørn E , Nielsen Line , Due Pernille , Koushede Vibeke
Published: March 2019

Background

Many adolescents experience mental health problems which may have serious consequences for short- and long-term health and wellbeing. This study investigates socioeconomic inequality in emotional symptoms, self-efficacy and social competence. Further, whether self-efficacy and social competence reduce socioeconomic inequalities in emotional symptoms.

Methods

Data stem from the cross-sectional Danish Health Behaviour in School-aged Children Methodology Development Survey 2012. Data were collected among all schoolchildren in grades 5–9 (11–15-year-olds) in 23 public schools in two municipalities. Participation rate was 76.8% (n = 3969). Analyses of the associations between daily emotional symptoms, occupational social class, self-efficacy and social competence were performed through logistic regression analyses using SAS version 9.3. Multilevel logistic regression analyses were used to study effect modification.

Results

Schoolchildren from lower socioeconomic positions have higher odds for daily emotional symptoms and lower levels of high self-efficacy and high social competence compared to schoolchildren from higher socioeconomic positions. High self-efficacy and high social competence buffer the association between socioeconomic position and emotional symptoms, i.e. they seem to protect children and adolescents from lower socioeconomic strata against the higher risk of daily emotional symptoms.

Conclusions

High self-efficacy and high social competence buffer the negative effects of low socioeconomic status on emotional symptoms among schoolchildren. Self-efficacy and social competence can be promoted e.g. through school-based initiatives and may be an effective way to improve mental health and reduce socioeconomic inequality in emotional symptoms among children and adolescents.
Transnational exchange of surveillance data reveals previously unrecognized TBEV microfocus
Authors: Ocias Lukas Frans , Waldeck Mattias , Hallén Ingemar , Nørgaard Mathilde , Krogfelt Karen Angeliki
Published: March 2019

Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a tick-borne infection with an increasing presence in many European countries. It is caused by the TBE virus (TBEV), a flavivirus transmitted by the Ixodes ricinus tick in northern Europe. In Denmark, the virus exists endemically on the island of Bornholm. However, a large proportion of Danish cases are also imported from Sweden, where the incidence of TBE has steadily been increasing during the last few decades. With the prospect of expanding risk areas due to climate change, TBE surveillance data exchange between countries could facilitate the identification of new TBEV microfoci and thereby aid healthcare workers in the issuing of vaccination recommendations. We present data from a collaborative effort between Denmark and Sweden on the surveillance of TBEV that resulted in the uncovering of a previously unrecognized possible TBEV microfocus in central Sweden.
Epidemiological linkage of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium from different sources in Ahwaz, Iran
Authors: Arshadi Maniya , Shokoohizadeh Leili , Douraghi Masoumeh , Owlia Parviz , Mashhadi Rahil , Soltani Saber , Pourmand Mohammad Reza
Published: March 2019

This study was set to determine the genetic linkage and the clonal relationship between vancomycin-resistant Enterococcusfaecium (VREfm) isolates in three hospitals of Ahwaz city. In this study, 1050 samples were collected from various rectal swabs, hands of health care workers, environmental surfaces, medical equipment and 146 enterococci isolates from clinical sources of three hospitals from March to September 2015. Antimicrobial resistance patterns in VREfm were detected by disk diffusion method. Genetic linkages of VREfm strains were investigated by pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) methods. Out of 366 enterococcal isolates, 163 Enterococcus faecium isolates were found to be resistant to vancomycin. PFGE and MLST analysis showed the presence of 79 pulsotypes and 11 sequence types (ST), respectively. In total, 90% of the isolates belonged to clonal complex 17 (CC17). Three new STs were reported for the first time in this study and ST80 was the predominant ST. We found a high prevalence of diverse VREfm with threatening antibiotic resistance patterns in all the studied sources with the dominance of CC17 VREfm strains in Ahwaz hospitals. Also, the results of typing method showed inter- and intra-hospital circulation of VREfm and similar pulsotypes and STs among different sources.
Tomas–Stein Restriction Estimates on Convex Cocompact Hyperbolic Manifolds
Authors: Han Xiaolong
Published: March 2019

In this paper, we investigate the Tomas–Stein restriction estimates on convex cocompact hyperbolic manifolds $\Gamma \backslash{\mathbb{H}}^{n+1}$. Via the spectral measure of the Laplacian, we prove that the Tomas–Stein restriction estimate holds when the limit set has Hausdorff dimension $\delta _\Gamma <n/2$. This provides an example for which restriction estimate holds in the presence of hyperbolic geodesic trapping.
Gio Ponti’s Latin [American] Encounters: A Reading from the Archives
Authors: Paiva Ponzio Angelica
Published: March 2019

The design languages and forms of knowledge used by architects and other designers indicate that they not only operate ‘within the same domains of knowledge and action’, but also share similar historical contexts. Latin American modern architecture and design histories constitute an account of cultural exchanges between architectural and design practitioners working on a trans-national and multidisciplinary basis. Reviewing these practices today may help break the tendency of historical accounts to focus on a ‘diffusionist model’ and reinforce the critical acknowledgement of the modern legacy in Latin America. The work of architect and designer Gio Ponti is an example of this. During the 1950s Ponti travelled to many countries and built one of his masterpieces, Villa Planchart, in Caracas. Although much has been published about Ponti’s Venezuelan project, his letters reveal other lesser known but significant encounters with Latin American culture. Using his Domus editorials and readings from his correspondence as guidelines, complemented by articles, seminal books, and projects, this article will explore, from a more plural point of view, how Ponti’s experiences and relationships developed in Latin America, especially those lesser known relationships in Brazil, helped shape some of his design processes and conceptualizations.
Two Instances of Language Contact in Isaiah 45:14
Authors: Boyd Samuel
Published: March 2019

Scholars have identified two traces of loans originating from Aramaic and Akkadian in Isa. 45:14. In this article, I examine each of the proposed borrowings, offering further support for the first, but arguing for a different path from Aramaic into the Hebrew of Isa. 45:14 for the second. In doing so, I add precision to the loan phonology of the lexeme as it relates to the sibilants involved and I call into question comparative evidence cited in Ludwig K.hler and Walter Baumgartner's The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament.
‘The Lord’: An Apology for the Muslim Faith from the Island of Soqotra1
Authors: Ad-Da'rhi Issa Gum'an , Kogan Leonid , Cherkashin Dmitry
Published: March 2019

The present study is a unique witness of the nascent literacy in the Modern South Arabian language Soqotri (Island Soqotra, Gulf of Aden, Yemen). For the first time, a consciously created, non-traditional specimen of Soqotri narrative appears both in the newly designed Arabic-based Soqotri script and the standard Semitological transcription, along with an English translation and philological annotations. The motivation behind the creation of this piece is, strikingly, neither artistic nor scientific, but religious, which opens new avenues for the development of the Soqotri language in complex framework of todays Arab and Islamic world: contrary to the widespread belief, Soqotri is not necessarily bound to the transmission of the traditional oral lore, but can serve as an efficient vehicle for creating and publishing texts pertaining to the vital interests of todays islanders.
The unique photosynthetic apparatus of Pinaceae: analysis of photosynthetic complexes in Picea abies
Authors: Grebe Steffen , Trotta Andrea , Bajwa Azfar A , Suorsa Marjaana , Gollan Peter J , Jansson Stefan , Tikkanen Mikko , Aro Eva-Mari
Published: March 2019

Pinaceae are the predominant photosynthetic species in boreal forests, but so far no detailed description of the protein components of the photosynthetic apparatus of these gymnosperms has been available. In this study we report a detailed characterization of the thylakoid photosynthetic machinery of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst). We first customized a spruce thylakoid protein database from translated transcript sequences combined with existing protein sequences derived from gene models, which enabled reliable tandem mass spectrometry identification of P. abies thylakoid proteins from two-dimensional large pore blue-native/SDS-PAGE. This allowed a direct comparison of the two-dimensional protein map of thylakoid protein complexes from P. abies with the model angiosperm Arabidopsis thaliana. Although the subunit composition of P. abies core PSI and PSII complexes is largely similar to that of Arabidopsis, there was a high abundance of a smaller PSI subcomplex, closely resembling the assembly intermediate PSI* complex. In addition, the evolutionary distribution of light-harvesting complex (LHC) family members of Pinaceae was compared in silico with other land plants, revealing that P. abies and other Pinaceae (also Gnetaceae and Welwitschiaceae) have lost LHCB4, but retained LHCB8 (formerly called LHCB4.3). The findings reported here show the composition of the photosynthetic apparatus of P. abies and other Pinaceae members to be unique among land plants.
Sulfur: the heart of nitric oxide-dependent redox signalling
Authors: Umbreen Saima , Lubega Jibril , Loake Gary J
Published: March 2019

Nitric oxide (NO), more benign than its more reactive and damaging related molecules, reactive oxygen species (ROS), is perfectly suited for duties as a redox signalling molecule. A key route for NO bioactivity is through S-nitrosation, the addition of an NO moiety to a protein Cys thiol (-SH). This redox-based, post-translational modification (PTM) can modify protein function analogous to more well established PTMs such as phosphorylation, for example by modulating enzyme activity, localization, or protein–protein interactions. At the heart of the underpinning chemistry associated with this PTM is sulfur. The emerging evidence suggests that S-nitrosation is integral to a myriad of plant biological processes embedded in both development and environmental relations. However, a role for S-nitrosation is perhaps most well established in plant–pathogen interactions.
Probing IGM accretion on to faint Lyα emitters at z ∼ 2.8
Authors: Zahedy Fakhri S , Rauch Michael , Chen Hsiao-Wen , Carswell Robert F , Stalder Brian , Stark Antony A
Published: March 2019

Observing the signature of accretion from the intergalactic medium (IGM) on to galaxies at z ∼ 3 requires the detection of faint (L ≪ L*) galaxies embedded in a filamentary matrix of low-density ($\rho \lt 100\ \overline{\rho }$), metal-poor gas (Z ∼ 10−2.5 Z⊙) coherent over hundreds of kpc. We study the gaseous environment of three Lyα emitters (LAEs) at z = 2.7 − 2.8, found to be aligned in projection with a background QSO over ∼250 kpc along the slit of a long-slit spectrum. The lack of detection of the LAEs in deep continuum images and the low inferred Lyα luminosities show the LAEs to be intrinsically faint, low-mass galaxies ($L\lesssim 0.1\, L^*$, $M_\mathrm{star}\lesssim 0.1\, M^*$). An echelle spectrum of the QSO reveals strong Lyα absorption within ±200 km s−1 from the LAEs. Our absorption line analysis leads to $\rm{H\,{\small I}}$ column densities in the range of log $N\mathrm{(\rm{H\,{\small I}})}/\mbox{${\rm cm^{-2}}$}=16\!-\!18$. Associated absorption from ionic metal species $\rm{C\,{\small IV}}$ and $\rm{Si\,{\small IV}}$ constrains the gas metallicities to ∼0.01 solar if the gas is optically thin, and possibly as low as ∼0.001 solar if the gas is optically thick, assuming photoionization equilibrium. While the inferred metallicities are at least a factor of 10 lower than expected metallicities in the interstellar medium (ISM) of these LAEs, they are consistent with the observed chemical enrichment level in the IGM at the same epoch. Total metal abundances and kinematic arguments suggest that these faint galaxies have not been able to affect the properties of their surrounding gas. The projected spatial alignment of the LAEs, together with the kinematic quiescence and correspondence between the LAEs and absorbing gas in velocity space, suggests that these observations probe a possible filamentary structure. Taken together with the blue-dominant Lyα emission line profile of one of the objects, the evidence suggests that the absorbing gas is part of an accretion stream of low-metallicity gas in the IGM.
Nietzsche on Honesty
Authors: Page Jeremy
Published: March 2019

Some commentators have argued that curiosity, not honesty, is Nietzsche’s central intellectual virtue. These commentators give minimalistic interpretations of the nature of Nietzsche’s concept of honesty, casting it as a disposition to ensure that relevant epistemic standards are applied during belief formation. I argue against such interpretations by highlighting three strands of Nietzsche’s concept of honesty which they fail to accommodate (cf. GS 2, GS 335, BGE 230). I interpret Nietzsche’s concept of honesty against the background of his drive psychology and show that it applies not only to reflective cognitive processes but also to unconscious cognitive processes. In concluding, I explain the key role which honesty plays in Nietzsche’s project of translating ‘man back into nature’ (BGE 230).
Conclusion
Authors: Muehlberger Ellen
Published: March 2019

In the study of late antiquity, the rise of Christianity has most often been tracked through material changes: the number of churches built; the art and architecture that constituted the visual landscape of cities; the laws enacted to support Christian practice or criminalize other pieties; the number of Christians writing, serving in imperial offices, and leading communities. There is another metric by which we could also measure the dominance of Christianity, and that is by the depth of its involvement in the expectations for the future that Christians held. At a level similar to the practices of self-examination and confession popularized by monastic movements in late antiquity, thinking of death as a moment of reckoning claimed the intimate attention of Christians and shaped it in a forceful way. To participate in late ancient Christian culture was to know how death would be not only for oneself, but also and more importantly, for others. Their coming tragedies afforded all manner of intervention, because the terrible prospects that were imagined for others were also imagined to be mutable, if only these others could also be brought to see from the perspective of their deaths.