bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detecting Trends in Social Bookmarking Systems
Authors: Wetzker Robert , Zimmermann Carsten , Bauckhage Christian
Published: November 2011

The authors present and evaluate an approach to trend detection in social bookmarking systems using a probabilistic generative model in combination with smoothing techniques. Social bookmarking systems are gaining major interest among researchers in the areas of data mining and Web intelligence, since they provide a large amount of user-generated annotations and reflect the interest of millions of people. Based on a vast corpus of approximately 150 million bookmarks found at del.icio.us, the authors analyze bookmarking and tagging patterns and discuss evidence that social bookmarking systems are vulnerable to spamming. They present a method to limit the impact of spam on a trend detector and provide conclusions as well as directions for future research.
Graph-Based Modelling of Concurrent Sequential Patterns
Authors: Lu Jing , Chen Weiru , Keech Malcolm
Published: November 2011

Structural relation patterns have been introduced recently to extend the search for complex patterns often hidden behind large sequences of data. This has motivated a novel approach to sequential patterns post-processing and a corresponding data mining method was proposed for Concurrent Sequential Patterns (ConSP). This article refines the approach in the context of ConSP modelling, where a companion graph-based model is devised as an extension of previous work. Two new modelling methods are presented here together with a construction algorithm, to complete the transformation of concurrent sequential patterns to a ConSP-Graph representation. Customer orders data is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of ConSP mining while synthetic sample data highlights the strength of the modelling technique, illuminating the theories developed.
Estimating Semi-Parametric Missing Values with Iterative Imputation
Authors: Zhang Shichao
Published: November 2011

In this paper, the author designs an efficient method for imputing iteratively missing target values with semi-parametric kernel regression imputation, known as the semi-parametric iterative imputation algorithm (SIIA). While there is little prior knowledge on the datasets, the proposed iterative imputation method, which impute each missing value several times until the algorithms converges in each model, utilize a substantially useful amount of information. Additionally, this information includes occurrences involving missing values as well as capturing the real dataset distribution easier than the parametric or nonparametric imputation techniques. Experimental results show that the author’s imputation methods outperform the existing methods in terms of imputation accuracy, in particular in the situation with high missing ratio.
When Spatial Analysis Meets OLAP
Authors: Bimonte Sandro , Tchounikine Anne , Miquel Maryvonne , Pinet François
Published: November 2011

Introducing spatial data into multidimensional models leads to the concept of Spatial OLAP (SOLAP). Existing SOLAP models do not completely integrate the semantic component of geographic information (alphanumeric attributes and relationships) or the flexibility of spatial analysis into multidimensional analysis. In this chapter, the authors propose the GeoCube model and its associated operators to overcome these limitations. GeoCube enriches the SOLAP concepts of spatial measure and spatial dimension and take into account the semantic component of geographic information. The authors define geographic measures and dimensions as geographic and/or complex objects belonging to hierarchy schemas. GeoCube’s algebra extends SOLAP operators with five new operators, i.e., Classify, Specialize, Permute, OLAP-Buffer and OLAP-Overlay. In addition to classical drill-and-slice OLAP operators, GeoCube provides two operators for navigating the hierarchy of the measures, and two spatial analysis operators that dynamically modify the structure of the geographic hypercube. Finally, to exploit the symmetrical representation of dimensions and measures, GeoCube provides an operator capable of permuting dimension and measure. In this chapter, GeoCube is presented using environmental data on the pollution of the Venetian Lagoon.
Study on the HEA-Blocking Unsaturated Polyester Solventless Impregnating Varnish
Authors: Jiang Qi Bin , Deng Qing Shan , Gao Jian , Wang Ye Qing
Published: November 2011

An unsaturated polyester is synthesized by EG, BDO, PA, MA and other materials, and it is blocked by HEA lastly. After the resin is synthesized completely, adding additives of reactive diluent and initiator, etc, prepare the HEA-blocking unsaturated polyesters solventless impregnating varnish. The impact of technology on varnish is analyzed in the paper. The characterization of FTIR, TG, DSC and the testing result of main properties show the temperature of curing reaction is 125°C and 165°C; the temperature index of the impregnating varnish after curing is 182°C,.The volatile value of the varnish is 4.6%; The impregnating varnish has excellent electrical insulation properties, storage stability should be better.
Progress of Printing RFID Antenna Using Water-Based Conductive Ink
Authors: Li Wei Wei , Li Lu Hai , Mo Li Xin , Hu Xu Wei , Leng Xian , Fang Hua , Li Wen Bo , Li Shu Kun
Published: November 2011

The RFID antenna is mainly fabricated by metal coil winding, copper or aluminum etching, plating, printing and so on. In this paper, the comparison of above methods is conducted and the progress of the printing method and water-based conductive ink are emphasized. Water-based conductive inks are environmental-friendly, economic, high applicability, and are widely used in screen printing, gravure, flexible printing, inkjet printing, etc. Although starts late and the technology is not very mature, the RFID antenna prepared by printing method has many advantages, such as low cost, high precision, easy operation, variety of substrates, etc. Thus the printing has great potential applications on the fabrication of RFID antenna. Furthermore, water-based conductive inks used in ink-jet printing RFID antenna will be the first choice of printed RFID antenna.
Study on the Adjustment to the Pressure of Flexible Printing on the Board
Authors: Xiao Zhi Jian
Published: November 2011

During the flexo printing process of corrugated flexible resin version, precise pressure control is the key technical indicators of ink transfer, printing graphic reproduction as well as reducing the the loss of physical properties of corrugated board. The gaps △L between the printing roller and the impression cylinder were adjusted by the worm in this paper, different printing pressures are produced in the printing process, the impact of pressure change on flexo printing quality was described quantitatively. The results showed that: 7.5mm thick corrugated board used AB-type hardness of 36 Shore A, when a thickness of 3.94mm DuPont flexible resin was printed, the optimal pressure gap △L was 10.9mm, the flexible resin version of the real size was 3.73mm, and the thickness of corrugated board was 7.17mm, the board thickness was 7.30mm after decompression, the thickness of corrugated board after the printing was compressed by 2.7%. The result of this paper offers a certain theoretical reference and practical guidance to improve the quality of flexo and the production of high quality corrugated board.
Research on a New and Green Paper Bottle of Chinese White Spirit Packaging
Authors: Wang Xiao Fang
Published: November 2011

The culture of Chinese white spirit is time-honored, and it’s loved by all Chinese people, so it’s also important of white spirit packaging. The paper puts forward a new and green solution of white spirit packaging with paper bottle, it’s made with mulberry/rice paper and animal blood. The paper bottle is light and green, and increases the white spirit’s nutrition value. There are several physical and chemical tests in the paper just to justify the new bottle’s performance. Physical performance test includes appearance defect test, compression and stacking test, impact resistance test, water impact strength test, permeability test and so on. Chemical performance evaluation includes stability, compatibility and endurance.
Study of Microstructure and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis of Biodegradable Tableware Produced with Corn Straw
Authors: Alun  , Sun Zhi Hui , Jing Quan Rong , Hu Ri Dun , Yang Chun Li
Published: November 2011

This paper focused on biodegradable tableware processed with plant fiber, which were obtained by mechanical processing corn straw, abundant in Heilongjiang Province of China. Firstly, the microstructure characteristics of tableware were described by Scan Electronic Microscope (SEM). Secondly, the dynamic mechanical property of biodegradable tableware was analyzed by DMA, which will provide a reference to optimize the biodegradable tableware design in future. And the dynamic mechanical property of biodegradable tableware also was compared with the dynamic mechanical properties of the plastic snack box. The results showed that biodegradable tableware had a highly storage modulus (E′) originally, it was 3216MPa,while the maximum storage modulus (E′) of plastic snack box was 852MPa. And the results also indicated that the treat temperature has a significant effect on the dynamic mechanical properties of biodegradable tableware, as the treat temperature increased closely to 95°C, the biodegradable tableware appeared glassy transition, but the storage modulus (1650MPa) was still much higher than that of the plastic snack box.
Thoughts Based on Packaging Reduction Status
Authors: Cao Guo Rong , Zheng Xuan
Published: November 2011

Packaging reduction is the important way of green package implementation. Paper analysis the packaging reduction status at home and abroad, then raises ways and countermeasures of realizing packaging reduction such as less thickness technology, the reduction of packaging layers and volume, packaging structure optimization, material selected lighter, the structure of packaging vessel optimal designing and containerization. At the same time, paper suggests that the designer should pay attention to the balance between packaging reduction and product recycling and bring forward the idea that there must be high and new technology and laws which are to promote the development of the reduction.
Study of Sorting Waste Packaging
Authors: Zhang Mao Rong , Zhou Shi Sheng , Fang Chang Qing , Hu Jing Bo , Yu Rui En , Zhang Meng Ya
Published: November 2011

For the consideration of energy shortage, people are paying more attention on recycling waste packaging and looking for alternatives on reusing techniques. This paper briefly introduced the recycling of house refuse, thus discussed the sorting technology of waste packaging polymers, meanwhile, it is an analysis about the technology of waste packaging polymers.
Research on the Quality of Pre-Glued Film Laminating
Authors: Deng Pu Jun , Fang Wei , Zhang Gai Mei
Published: November 2011

With the increasing demands for environmental requirements in printing industry, environmental protection material for coating film is also set forth requirements. The pre-glued laminting film is used more and more widely due to the simple laminating operations, energy consumption, low pollution, high overall efficiency. In this work, the impact was investigated experimentally of the printed ink surface conditions including the thickness of ink, ink emulsification, ink viscosity, ink drying time on the laminating quality. The tested samples were obtained using printability tester on the different printing conditions, then the samples were laminated using the laminating machine to obtain the sample of laminated film. In order to evaluate laminating quality, using universal tester the laminating strength were measured for samples. The tested results show that the surface of the ink printed has different degrees of impact on laminating quality.
Migration Detection of Residual Solvents from Composite Packaging Film to Food by GC-Ms
Authors: Dong Wen Li , Li Yun Jing , Zhang Wan Feng
Published: November 2011

An analytical method was developed to measure the migration of residual solvent from composite packaging film to food medium. By using gas chromatography / mass spectrometry, migration levels of toluene and ethyl acetate, the main residual solvents in composite packaging film were measured in food so that the migration characteristic of toluene and ethyl acetate in different simulations was studied. The results show that all the linear correlation coefficient were greater than 0.999 and the detection limit was lower than 0.005μg/ml. This method is of high sensitivity, accurate analysis of quantity and can meet the practical demands.
Research Development of Biodegradable Modification of Poly (vinyl alcohol) Film
Authors: Lv Yu Bin , Liu Quan Xiao , Xu Wen Cai , Li Jin Li
Published: November 2011

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a kind of biodegradable film material, and its degradation process is mainly done through PVA-degrading enzymes, but the film biodegradation cycle is longer, so it needs other polymers with favorable biodegradability to improve the degradation rate in the nature environment. In this paper the biodegradation mechanism of PVA films and the influence of structural feature on biodegradability were described. The research development of starch-based biodegradable PVA films by blending starch to reduce the biodegradation cycle was emphasized and the biodegradable films modified by chitosan to improve film properties was briefly described.
Antibacterial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Colloidal Sol and its Application in Package Film
Authors: Luo Shi Yong , Chen Juan , Chen Meng , Xu Wen Cai , Zhang Xin Lin
Published: November 2011

Using starch as the stabilizing agent, glucose as reducing agent, nano-size silver particles colloidal sols have been synthesized via ultrasonic irritation in aqueous solution. The nanoparticles size distribution in typical colloidal sol is from 15 to 45 nm. The silver nanoparticles-PE blend film with silver content of 86 ppm was prepared by mixing silver nanoparticles colloids sol with the PE master batch and then by film blowing. The silver nanoparticles-PE blend film and the prepared nano-silver sol show effective antibacteial activity to the Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The pear fruit package application of the silver nanoparticles-PE blend film has demonstrated that the film has effective fresh preservation ability for the packaged fruits and vegetables.
Influence of Blow-Up Ratio on Properties of Cellulose Packaging Films by Blow-Extrusion Process
Authors: Lan Tian , Wang Jian Qing , Jin Zheng Wei
Published: November 2011

The blow-extruded tube-like regeneration cellulose films in different blow-up ratios were prepared by NMMO technology. It was studied the effect of different blow-up ratio on the mechanical and obstructing properties as well as the morphology cross-section of cellulose blown films. It is found that the tensile strength and obstructing performance except elongation at break of films are improved when blow-up ratios increasing. The tensile strength of 1.3, 1.7 blow-up ratio cellulose blown films in longitudinal and transverse is 36.4MPa and 39.9MPa, 13.8MPa and 29.04MPa, respectively. The elongation at a break of 1.3, 1.7 blow-up ratio cellulose blown films in longitudinal and transverse is 105.4% and 72.01%, 42.4% and 25.79%, respectively. The OPF and WVP value of 1.3, 1.7 blow-up ratio cellulose blown films are 13.34×10-15cm3•cm/(cm2•s•Pa) and 1.36×10-15cm3•cm/(cm2•s•Pa) , 4.18×10-13g•cm/cm2•s•Pa and 1.87×10-13g•cm/cm2•s•Pa, respectively. The SEM picture of cross-section of 1.7 blow-up ratio films displays denser and lower porosity than 1.3 blow-up ratio films. According to the results of study, the films prepared by using NMMO technology would be used in food packaging or other fields as a kind of green packaging material.
GC-MS Studies on the Contaminants in Paper-Plastic Food Packaging Materials
Authors: Yang Chun Li , Yang Chun Yu , Liu Zhuang , Zhao Zhi Zhen , Alun
Published: November 2011

The residual contaminants in paper-plastic food packaging materials can migrate into both surface and inside of food, and consequently harm consumer’s health. Due to this fact, the safety of food packaging materials has attracted concerns from all over world. In this study, the residual contaminants were extracted by ethanol from paper-plastic food packaging materials under ultrasonic condition and different temperatures firstly, then the extractives were concentrated by rotary evaporator, and finally the concentrated contaminants were characterized by means of Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) detection. The results showed that the following contaminants are detected in the paper-plastic food packaging materials: plasticizer including dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP); antioxidants including 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-p-benzoquinone and 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT), and solvents in printing ink production including n-Hexadecane and n-Heptadecane. Upon the test results, the conclusion is that more residual contaminants can be detected under high temperatures. This study is helpful for quality control of paper-plastic food packaging materials and has built basic foundation for future migration research.
Study on Dryness and Printing Quality of Water-Based Plastic Gravure Ink
Authors: Huang Bei Qing , Xu Ying Jie , Wei Xian Fu
Published: November 2011

To improve the dryness of the water-based plastic gravure ink and ensure their printing quality, by design the orthogonal experiment to compound the ink, to discussion the influencing factors of water-based plastic gravure ink initial dryness and full dryness, and discussion the major and minor of the factors. By using different types of resins, changing the content of alcohol in the dilution dissolvent and changing the content of dilution dissolvent, compound the water-based plastic gravure ink, to study these influencing factors of ink dryness and printing quality. The results show that, the content of the alcohol in the dilution dissolvent is the major effect on the water-based plastic gravure ink initial dryness; the content of dilution dissolvent is the major effect on the water-based plastic gravure ink full dryness; in addition the different types of resins and the proportion of alcohol and water have a great effect on ink performance and the printing quality.
Synthesis of Nano-Emulsion with Allyl-Type Sodium Succinate Diester Emulsifier
Authors: Wei Ya Na , Xin Xiu Lan , Yu Yang , Zhu Hai Chao
Published: November 2011

In this study 50-70nm Nano-emulsion was synthesized by semi-continuous seeding emulsion with the compound of the different long-chain of carbon of the Allyl-type sodium Succinate Diester Emulsifier and traditional emulsifier. The type and amount of emulsifier, initiator and monomer ratio on the amount and impact of acrylic emulsion were discussed. The results showed that the obtained acrylic emulsion with the presence of polymerizable emulsion has significant lower water absorption and greater stability than that with the presence of traditional emulsifier. Measuring the solid content , particle size, stability, morphology, glass transition temperature and water absorption of the emulsion with the three types of allyl-type polymerizable emulsifier(sodium octyl allyl succinate (DOAS), sodium dodecyl succinate (SDAS) , tetradecyl sodium allyl succinate (TSAS)), considering various factors, sodium dodecyl allyl succinate has better emulsification.
Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles by Direct Precipitation Method
Authors: An Li Juan , Wang Jun , Zhang Tie Feng , Yang Han Lin , Sun Zhi Hui
Published: November 2011

In this study, Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were prepared using Zinc nitrate (Zn(NO3)2) and Ammonium carbonate ((NH4)2CO3) in aqueous solutions with proper concentration by a direct precipitation method. The properties of ZnO nanoparticles synthesized were characterized by the thermal gravimetric (TG) and differential thermal gravimetric (DTG), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), respectively. Both TG and DTG curves of the precursor precipitates show that no further mass loss and thermal effect were observed above the temperature 450°C. The FT-IR results indicated that the precursor of ZnO nanoparticles was zinc hydroxy carbonate. The XRD results show that the prepared ZnO nanoparticles were pure wurtzite structures. TEM photographs demonstrated that ZnO nanoparticles were of a pseudo-spherical shape with an average crystal size of about 65 nm.
Research on Environment-Friendly Ink and Fine Chemicals
Authors: Li Lu Hai , Leng Xian , Zhao Wen , Du Peng , Hu Xu Wei , Liu Shi Gang , Li Guang Jie , Zhang Wen Guan , Zhao Sheng Min
Published: November 2011

Environment protection has aroused big concern in industrial development nowadays, and the printing industry has always been known as a big paper consumer and environmental pollution "contributor". In 1980s, Europe and the United States pioneered the concept of environment-friendly printing. China has also issued “Regulations for Environmental Labeling Products—Ink” since the 2008, which contains similar provisions of limited demand with those regulations of USA, EU, Japan, New Zealand and other countries. Environment-friendly ink is the key to achieve environment-friendly printing, and fine chemicals as an indispensable component is the sticking point to control. This paper describes the relevant laws of environment-friendly ink, types of environment-friendly colorant and the actual application, such as in inkjet and flexographic printing field.
Study on Application Performance of Water-Based Pigment Ink on Uncoated Paper
Authors: Li Wen Bo , Mo Li Xin , Li Lu Hai , Hu Xu Wei , Leng Xian , Fang Hua , Li Wei Wei , Li Shu Kun
Published: November 2011

The performances of three kinds of water-based pigment inks were compared and studied, which include self-made ink, original printing ink and compatible ink. Art paper, matte paper and white card paper were used as the substrates. Testing the contact angle of ink droplets, the spreading, wetting, and drying rate of inks were investigated. The color density and CIE L*a*b* values of the printed samples were measured, to evaluate the hue error and color gamut. The water resistance was studied with corresponding experiments. The result indicates: self-made water-based pigment ink has the smallest contact angle on coated paper, showing a faster drying rate. Its color gamut is similar to the original printing ink on art paper, and the hue error is low. Through the water resistance test, the color density measured on art paper and matte paper had no changes, without color dissolving and color fading, showing good water resistance applicability.
A New Black Water Based Ink Prepared by Chinese Traditional Materials for Screen Printing Ancient Books
Authors: Huo Li Xia , Luo Shi Yong , Hao Yong , Xu Wen Cai , Ma Zai Zhu
Published: November 2011

Ink is one of “the four treasures in the study”. Inks prepared by the traditional materials is usually in the form of Chinese ink and ink stick, which are unsuitable for the modern printing technology such as screen printing, offset print, gravure or flexo printing. On the other hand, modern commodity printing inks most prepared by modern chemical pigments and chemical reagents, which would emit a certain amount of pollutants. Reproduction of Chinese ancient books, if printed by using modern commodity printing inks, would lost their lasting ancient charm such as antique, quaint, hoary, vintage, archaic, etc. In the present research, a new black water based ink is prepared by Chinese traditional materials such as, Chinese wood oil soot, bone glue, borneol, musk, pepper, etc. not including any modern chemical reagents which could cause pollution of the environment. The viscosity, fineness and rheology property of the ink were characterized. As an application example, the ink is used to duplicate the Tripitaka book sample by screen printing on Xuan papers. The original is the Tripitaka printed in the Ming Dynasty and from the temple of Wutaishan, Shanxi Province, China. The Reproduce is lasting ancient charm and durable.
Synthesis of Emulsion for Water-Based Pigment Ink Jet
Authors: Zhang Li Ming , Xin Xiu Lan , Jiang Wei
Published: November 2011

The water-based pigment ink jet emulsion whose particle size was less than 100nm was synthesized by the polymerization of methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate and ethylhexyl acrylate, and anionic reactive surfactant and nonionic surfactant were used as the emulsifiers. The effects of particle size and water resistance were studied. The glass transition temperature was tested by differential scanning calorimetry. The average particle size of emulsion was range from 60nm to70nm, zeta potential value was less than -60mv; viscosity was 3.5mps; water absorption was 5.9%.
The Influence of Emulsification on the Rheological Properties of UV Curable Offset Ink
Authors: Luo Kai Yuan , Wei Xian Fu , Huang Bei Qing
Published: November 2011

There is more and more wide application of UV offset ink in green printing and packaging areas. The offset ink is emulsified inevitably and it will cause a great influence on the ink properties. UV offset ink samples prepared with different prepolymers. Base on the measurements of flow curve, thixotropy and dynamic viscoelastic properties under different emulsification ratio to explore the influence of emulsification on the rheological properties of UV offset ink as well as the effect on the rheological properties with different prepolymers at maximum emulsification ratio. The results indicated that the ink viscosity, thixotropy and dynamic viscoelastic properties decline as the increase of emulsification ratio. Compared with polyester prepolymer ink sample that the emulsified ink sample with epoxy prepolymer shows a faster declined in viscosity, lower thixotropy and larger G’ value. This variation trends relate to the viscosity and net structure of the emulsified ink system.
The Effect of a Prepolymer on the Performance of UV Ink-Jet Yellow Ink
Authors: PAN Hai Liang , Zhang Wan , Huang Bei Qing , Wei Xian Fu , Gao Ju
Published: November 2011

With the aim to study the effect of prepolymer on performance of UV ink-jet yellow ink , prepare UV ink-jet yellow ink color paste by change prepolymer and pigment/binder , test it’s particle size and distribution, explore the effect of different prepolymers and pigment/binder on the dispersion property; make ink color good dispersion paste into ink by using different film forming prepolymers, test the surface tension , viscosity , and curing speed, explore the effect of different prepolymers on the performance of UV ink-jet ink. The results indicate that, prepolymer on the dispersion property has great influence, color paste prepared by prepolymer CN2303 at pigment/binder for 2:1 has minimum particle size, and has good dispersion, film forming prepolymers has great influence on viscosity and curing speed of ink, has little effect on the surface tension of ink.
Design and Realization of the Intelligent Scheduling and Management System of Transmission Lines
Authors: Wang Xing , Xu Ling
Published: November 2011

Transmission line intelligent distribution and management system is the latest systematic product for optical network intelligent distribution, with the function of detecting, warning and information processing, whose purpose is to realize the delicacy management of transmission line resources and solve the problems appearing in the process of using resource management system., such as input complexity, function singleness and so on. The thesis introduces different functions of each module in this system, puts forward the solutions to this systematic function and provides some realization codes.
Experimental Study on Ball End Finishing Milling the Inclined Surface of Hardened Steel
Authors: Wu Jun Qian , Wang Yang Yu , Wen Dong Hui , Lu Chong Da
Published: November 2011

A three axis CNC milling machine was used for the cutting tests on the inclined surface of the 53HRC hardened steel, the hardened steel surface for the tests were keeping a inclined angle about 200 with the horizontal plane. According to the analysis of three axial milling force in the different milling strategies and different milling parameters, the effect of the different spindle speed and milling strategies for the cutting force was studied while the ball end finishing milling the hardened surface. The results of the tests were the good reaction for the rule of the cutting force which was changing with the spindle speed n and milling strategies, in addition, the results gave the reference of selecting optimum milling parameters of ball end finishing milling.
Study on the Wear Mechanism of PCD Tools in High-Speed Milling of Al-Si Alloy
Authors: Wang Yong Guo , Liu Biao , Song Jiong Yi , Yan Xiang Ping , Wu Kang Mei
Published: November 2011

Polycrystalline diamond (PCD) tools have been obtained increasing application in aluminum alloy processing industry due to the excellent surface finish and tool life comparing with other traditional tools. Investigation of the wear mechanism of PCD milling tool for machining Al-Si alloy at cutting speed of 5000m/min (n=12732r/min) has been performed. The wear morphology of tool has been studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). Results show that PCD milling tool suffers from abrasive wear and diffusion wear on the flank face and adhesive wear on the rake face in the machining process.
Feasibility Study on Improving Image Motion Blur with Stroboscope for Micro Tool Measurement
Authors: Zhang Xi , Cheng Fang , Bao Sheng
Published: November 2011

This paper studied how to improve motion blur on the image obtained while a micro mill is rotated at very high speed. Vision technology is capable of extracting the information of a rotating micro tool such as tool offset, breakage and runout by video analysis. Distinct images are necessary as the input for such vision based tool inspection system. However, the spindle speed of a high precision machining center is usually very fast. It is a real challenge to capture clear images. Stroboscope is an economic solution to overcome motion blur. In this paper, a customized stroboscope was designed and an on-machine experiment was conducted to test its performance to capture the image of micro cutters. The diameter of a micro end mill is 0.9mm. The spindle rotation speed is 120,000rpm. The motion blur is about 2 pixels if pulse duration of the stroboscope is set as 2 µs. The distinct images of the rotating cutter can be obtained. The result shows that stroboscope is effective to improve the motion blur dramatically for micro milling tools.
Investigation on Peaming Process of PCD Tool when Reaming Aluminium Cast Alloys
Authors: Wang Yong Guo , Tian Biao , Yan Xiang Ping , Song Jiong Yi
Published: November 2011

An experimental investigation on the unique reaming behavior of aluminium cast alloys (AlSi12) by using PCD (polycrystalline diamond) tools has been studied. The torque has been monitored in real time during reaming process and the average values of torque were calculated by using FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) filtering. The optimized cutting parameters are provided in terms of analyzing the cutting torque, hole diameter and cylindricity. Results show that the torque initial increases with the rising cutting speed but subsequently decreases when the cutting speed reach to 6000r/min. It is also notable that the optimization of machining parameters basing on cylindricity are that when the cutting speed is under 6000r/min, smaller cutting feed is recommended, while when the cutting speed is over 6000r/min, higher cutting feed is appropriate.
Application of Taguchi Method in Vibration Tapping Process
Authors: Yang Lei , Pei Hong Jie , Song Wei , Zheng Wen Jie , Wang Gui Cheng
Published: November 2011

Vibration tapping is capable to tap the deep and small hole in difficult-to-machine materials. Taguchi method is utilized to optimize the parameters in vibration tapping process in order to get the lowest maximum torque. Besides these parameters, this investigation includes the lubrication conditions comprised of dry cutting, conventional flooded lubrication and minimum quantity lubrication (MQL). The results show that the frequency and lubrication condition are significant and interaction effects exist due to these two factors.
Analysis of Radial Rigidity about the Hydraulic Expansion Toolholder
Authors: Wang Shu Lin , Zhang Wei Zhan , Chen Wen Hua
Published: November 2011

Toolholder radial rigidity plays an important role in tool vibration and the quality of machine face. Toolhoder radial rigidity is investigated by the finite element method. The factors such as the fitness between tool and toolhoder, the length of oil chamber bulge, oil pressure and rotation speeds are analyzed in the paper, the results can offer some effectively guidelines and reference for toolhoder machining and processing quality control.
Optimized Face Gear and its Bending Stress Analysis
Authors: Wang Zhi , Liu Rui , Lin Jia Chun , Liu Jian Wei , Yang Li Li
Published: November 2011

According to the simulation of the face gear in UG, the research established the model of face gear. A perfect model that can be used in ANSYS was obtained through reserve modeling. The blending situation of three models of face gear was analyzed in ANSYS. The blending stresses distribution area and the influence on gear teeth bending stresses of different parameters i.e. modulus, width and number of teeth were discussed. And the discipline of the bending stresses under these parameters was got. It provides a new analysis method to research the characteristics of stress of face gear.
Dynamic Display of Industrial Furnace Products Based on the Technology of Virtual Reality
Authors: Gao Zhu , Ji Xiao Min , Zhang Chun Qiang
Published: November 2011

Taking some type of steelmaking electric arc furnace for example, this paper, by using 3DS MAX, conducts a dynamic simulation of such industrial furnaces based on 3D modeling of SolidWorks and realizes the virtual, dynamic and interactive demonstration of industrial furnaces combining with the virtual reality technology of WebMax.
Supply Chain Scheduling with Transportation Cost on a Single Machine
Authors: Fan Jing
Published: November 2011

Supply chain scheduling problem is raised from modern manufacturing system integration, in which manufacturers not only process orders but also transport products to customer’s location. Therefore, the system ought to consider how to appropriately send finished jobs in batches to reduce transportation costs while considering the processing sequence of jobs to reduce production cost. This paper studies such a supply chain scheduling problem that one manufacturer produces with a single machine and deliveries jobs within limited transportation times to one customer. The objective function is to minimize the total sum of production cost and transportation cost. The NP hard property of the problem is proved in the simpler way, and the pseudo-dynamic programming algorithm in the literature is modified as the MDP algorithm to get the optimal solution which is associated with the total processing times of jobs.
Planar Frieze and Crystallographic Patterns with a Polar Spin from Dynamics
Authors: Lu Jian , Liu Ze Yi
Published: November 2011

Building upon our previous work for automatically generating colorful patterns with frieze and Crystallographic symmetries, we explore converting these symmetric patterns into fascinating images having cyclic and dihedral symmetry via a polar spin technique from dynamical systems. The methods can be used to automatically produce a great variety of artistic patterns.
Design of LCD Image Display Based on BF561 Platform
Authors: Wang Qing Hui , Chang Xiao Ying
Published: November 2011

ADI’s Blackfin561 has powerful image processing capabilities and a dedicated parallel peripheral interface. LCD has many advantages such as small size, light weight and low power consumption. In this paper, by the way of the progressive scan for LCD, BF561 LCD screen of the interface drivers are researched. Finally, through the operating systerm of uClinux, LCD image display system is designed.
Stress Distribution of Thin Circular Quartz Plate with the Radial Force
Authors: Tian Wen Jie , Zhou Hong Yun , Sun You Bin , Li Guang
Published: November 2011

Based on the analysis of stress distribution in the medium of semi-infinite anisotropic thin medium plates with centralized forces, in the method of protracting and adding additional stress, the relation of relative frequency variation and adding force azimuth and strength of the plates with the diameter centralized forces can be gained. And it is compared with relative frequency variation of resonation with central electrode. Meanwhile by using finite element method to analyze stress variation in different places when the quartz plate is with the diameter centralized forces, and the frequency variation characteristic of resonator in different places is also be measured in the actual evaporated electrode way.
Real-Time GPU-Based Visualization of Dynamic Terrain in Excavator Simulator
Authors: Wang Da , Wang Cheng
Published: November 2011

This paper presents a real-time GPU-based visualization of dynamic terrain in excavator simulator, which is an interactive system for the purpose of training human operators and corresponding researches. Firstly, we establish the kinematic model of excavator, so as to trans-fer the bucket tip's reference trajectories to corresponding, required reference angle sequence for each joint and to control motion sequences of articulated hierarchies. Then, our method use GPU to create the DDHM and digging offset map, with which we can perform the terrain de-formation entirely in the GPU. In order to improve the visual quality, we also present a method of procedural texture for deformation terrain. Finally, the Real-Time Optimally Adapting Meshes (ROAM) algorithm is used to render the dynamic terrain effectively.
Influence of Water Contents on Shear Strength of Rammed Earth Wall of Earth-Building
Authors: Wu Ren  Wei , Peng Xing Qian , Zhang Li
Published: November 2011

As the "Fujian earth-building" have been inscribed by UNESCO in 2008 as World Heritage Site, attentions of protection about the "Fujian earth-building" has getting more and more. This article takes samples of a rammed-earth wall from Yongding earth-buildings and determines the shear strength of the samples with different water content through triaxial compression tests. The influence on shear strength of water content of rammed-earth samples is analyzed. Test results show that the shear strength of rammed-earth has much to do with the water content of the soil, the greater the water content is，the smaller the shear strength is. With water content increasing, cohesion and internal friction angle of rammed-earth were decreases, and its changing trend is of marked characteristic of stage. When water contents of rammed-earth is under some value, its cohesion changes in small ranges; when water contents of rammed-earth is over the value, its cohesion decreases with water content increasing.
Analysis of Wind Load Effect on the Roof of Low-Rise Building in the Mountain Terrain
Authors: Peng Xing Qian , Shi Ling Lin
Published: November 2011

The wind conditions of the low-rise building in the mountain terrain are different because they have the characteristics of different landforms. When the typhoon comes, the possibility of structural damage is increasing by the negative effects of wind in the special topography. By establishing a sine function of outline of the hill, this paper makes a CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics) numerical simulation about the low-rise building around the hills with four different height. Using ANSYS-CFX software as calculating platform, it put forward the roof wind load effect of the Low-rise building by study the characteristics of the hill, the law of wind pressure distribution and the influence to roof wind load by wind direction and the high of the hill, the conclusions which can provide a reference for wind-resistant design have practical significance.
Design of Precise DC Millivolt Signal Source Based on System-on-Chip of C8051F410
Authors: Wang Ying , Ai Xue Zhong , Liu Qi , Liu Ren Yu
Published: November 2011

This paper describes design process of thermocouple signal precise source. System-on-chip of C8051F410 is a key to signal source. It can realize 15 bit analog output through internal two-path 12 bit current output type D/A .Signal amplification circuit includes power supply circuit, low drift, low noise signal that can be verification source of thermocouple measuring instrument.
Fabrication and Morphology of KOH Etching Single Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells
Authors: Zhang Hui Yuan , Zhao Chun Wang , Guo Jun Wen , Hou Jin Feng
Published: November 2011

Anisotropic etching process by potassium hydroxide (KOH) and isopropyl alcohol (IPA) mixed solution in the [100] orientation silicon wafer was studied experimentally. The effect parameters of KOH concentration, IPA concentration, reaction time and temperature for wafer surface morphology were analyzed by scanning electron microscope. The results show that: a uniform, high density and good pyramid shaped single crystalline silicon surface can be obtained at 3% KOH solution buffered with 8% IPA at 80°C for 30min. By comparing single crystalline silicon micro-surface with NaOH and IPA mixed solution system of industrial fabrication, the pyramid structure is more regular and uniform by using KOH and IPA mixed solution system, which is expected to obtain better optical properties.
Cold Regions of the Roof on the Building Energy Consumption Impact
Authors: Ma Hong Lei , Wang Jian Feng , Ji Min
Published: November 2011

This paper analyzes in cold regions the impact of the roof on the building load, And a typical building, the use of DEST software simulation of a typical building roof insulation in different circumstances changes in energy consumption. The results showed that: for top-level residential load, when the roof heat transfer coefficient decreased by 50%, relative to the original roof, heating season load can be reduced by nearly 20%, air-conditioning load can be decreased by 7% quarter or so.
Research of NOx Emissions Characteristic of Engine Fuelled with M40
Authors: Li Xin Guang , Han Bing Yuan , Yang Rong Hai
Published: November 2011

A numerical simulation model for gasoline engine was established by GT-POWER in order to study the NOx emissions characteristic of vehicle engine fuelled with M40 (the methanol and the gasoline in volume ratio 40∶60) and was validated by Experimental data. Based on the model, the variable parameters study including air-fuel radio, compression radio and ignition advance angle were carried out. The model results showed that the compression radio and the air-fuel radio played an important role during the NOx emissions characteristic. There is a significant improvement of the NOx emissions with the compression ratio increases. The cylinder pressure increased with the improvement of the compression ratio brought out the NOx emissions rise. With the improvement of the air-fuel ratio, NOx emissions increased first and then decreased. A larger ignition advance angle can increase the pressure and the temperature of the cylinder.
The Modification Method of the Matlab Built-in Function PSD Using in the Field of Random Vibration
Authors: Xu An , Zhao Ruo Hong
Published: November 2011

The process of calculating power spectrum density is introduced. The built fuction PSD in Matlab used in engineering field widely is analyzed in detail. Problems are found when built-in function psd is used to calculated power spectrum density of random signal. Based on such analysis a modification method is proposed.
Finite Element Analysis of the Valve Spring with Different Engine Speed
Authors: Li Hong Yan , Gang Xian Yue , Chai Shan
Published: November 2011

The valve spring endures alternate load during work, whose dynamic response is vital to the whole performance of the engine valve system. Finite element analysis of the valve spring is researched in the intake process of an engine during which the engine speed varies from 1000r/min to 5000r/min. The investigation indicates that the equivalent stress achieves maximum when the valve is full open following with spring back to some extent, although some residual stress still exist until the valve closed fully, both the intensity and fatigue life can satisfy design need. The distribution over all intake process appears normal distribution at low speed, the stress oscillates seriously with speed increasing.
A Building System Called RC Grid Framed-Tube with Gypsum Wall
Authors: Wang Qi Ming , Ma Ke Jian , Chen Zhi Hua , Sun Tao
Published: November 2011

A new building system, which is called concrete grid framed tube with gypsum wall, is introduced in this paper. On the basis of an actual office building in Tang Shan city using this new system, the mechanical characteristics, economy and technology target are studied. The result indicates that: this new building system has good seismic behavior and high economic benefit and it is worth further study and further application.
MD-ISE-FE Multiscale Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Thermal Conductivity of Cu Film Interface Structure
Authors: Zhang Li Qiang , Yang Ping , Xie Fang Wei , Xi Tao , Yu Xin Gang , Song Xi Fu
Published: November 2011

With the devices miniaturization, the properties of materials at the micro/nano scale were much different from what at Macro-scale because of the scale effect. The Interface Stress Element (ISE) was introduced into the multi-scale model. These three methods, Molecular Dynamics (MD), ISE and Finite Element (FE) were effectively combined by designing a handshake region and using the transition interface element method. The multi-scale model of film was built based on MD-ISE-FE. The sequential coupling method was used to calculate, and then, the results of the FE and ISE region were applied to the MD region. The EAM potential was used to simulate. The results were the basically same with the other experimental and simulation results in the reference. It indicated that the multi-scale analysis method could be applied to calculate the thermodynamics properties of the interface structure at the Micro/nano scale.
Melting, Crystallization and Dynamic Mechanical Properties of PTT/POE-g-MAH Blends
Authors: Run Ming Tao , Xing Bing Tao , Hao Yan Ping , Qi Zi Yu
Published: November 2011

A series of poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/maleinized poly(octene-ethylene) copolymer blends are prepared and their melting, crystallization and dynamic mechanical propwerties were studied by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) respectively. The results suggest that the glass transition temperature of the blends shift to higher temperature because of the interaction between PTT and POE components. POE-MAH serves as a nucleating agent for the crystallization of PTT, and it increases the crystallizaiton rate of the blend and the start crystallizaiton temperature, but reduces the degree of crystallinity. Proper content of POE, e.g.1-2%, can improve the elastic modulus of the blend, but too much POE will depress the modulus.