bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Is University Education Limited by Globalization and Technology in Developing Countries? An Observation Done during Pandemic
Authors: Marcel Mary , Mkojera Beatha
Published: April 2021

On March 2020, WHO declared Covid-19 a pandemic disease. This forced many university students to return and stay home. In developing countries; most home means remote areas where technological interventions have their limitations. To continue with studies, some universities arranged for online classes. This became feasible only to those with access to internet. Other universities had to cancel classes due to uncertainty that online classes will be accessible to every student. Teaching arrangement s for higher academic institutions in Africa was mostly affected by COVID-19 as compared to America, Asia and Europe; whereby 43% of classes were suspended and 24% canceled. The unevenness of the term globalization and irregularity of technology seem to affect the continuation of university education to each and every student during the pandemic time. The question becomes: are developing countries globalized enough to confidently declare the effectively use of technology in their educational systems? This chapter aims to provide an observation of the Impacts and limitations of globalization and technology to the university education in developing countries.
Global Policy and Local Implementation: A Papua New Guinea Experience
Authors: Joskin Anna
Published: April 2021

This chapter presents a report of global education policies driving reforms locally. The report is from a qualitative case study of an ‘Outcomes-based English Curriculum’s Implementation’ in two local school contexts in Papua New Guinea (PNG). Evidence was drawn from the author’s PhD thesis that used the constructivism and interpretivism lenses to give meanings to findings derived deductively and inductively. Data was both primary and secondary and consisted of: classroom observations, document analysis, field notes, structured interviews, post-observation interviews, and focus group discussions. Findings revealed: 1) Impacts of global agenda on local context, and, 2) Sustainability issues. Thus, this chapter stresses the need for collaborative professional development between stakeholders to sustain global education policies locally with the ‘Kibung Framework’.
Trestné činy súvisiace s verejným obstarávaním
Authors: Beleš Andrej
Published: April 2021

Autor sa v štúdii zameriava na komparáciu slovenskej a českej právnej úpravy trestných činov súvisiacich s verejným obstarávaním. Komparácia pozostáva z bližšej analýzy trestného činu machinácií pri verejnom obstarávaní a verejnej dražbe podľa § 266 až 268 slovenského Trestného zákona a trestných činov zjednání výhody při zadání veřejné zakázky, při veřejné soutěži a veřejné dražbě podľa § 256 českého Trestného zákonníka a pletich při zadání veřejné zakázky a při veřejné soutěži podľa § 257 českého Trestného zákonníka. V komparácii je zohľadnená aj rozhodovacia činnosť vnútroštátnych súdov, resp. Súdneho dvora EÚ.
The Uncanny in the Time of Pandemics
Authors: Aho Kevin ,   The Heidegger Circle
Published: April 2021

This paper offers a phenomenological analysis of Heidegger’s account of “the uncanny” (das Unheimliche) as it relates to the coronavirus pandemic. It explores how the pandemic has disrupted Dasein’s sense of “homelike” (heimelig) familiarity and how this disruption has undermined our ability to be, that is, to understand or make sense of things. By examining our experience of temporality, lived-space, and intersubjectivity, the paper illuminates different ways in which the pandemic has left us confused and anxious about our self-interpretations and future projects. The paper concludes by showing how the uncanny is not simply something we feel in times of crisis; it is, for Heidegger, who we are. This means the secure feeling of familiarity that we embodied prior to the pandemic was an illusion all along, that we are not and never have been at-home in the world.
Confronting the Cadaver
Authors: Robbins Brent Dean ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: April 2021

Through a cultural hermeneutic interpretation of the cadaver in the history of modern medicine, this study will argue that at least some medical interpretations of embodiment serve as a form of death denial. This analysis will draw on four major sources of evidence to support this contention: (a) the history of cadaver dissection in Western medicine, (b) diary entries by medical students taking a course in gross anatomy, (c) responses to a 2005 panel on cadaver dissection held at Daemen College, and (d) interviews with Guenther von Hagens, the creator of the “BodyWorlds” exhibit, which features plastinated corpses for the purpose of “edutainment.” In each of these cases, the data suggest that medical education works implicitly to manage death anxiety through a set of defenses which conceal the nothingness of death. Namely, by making death into a concrete event, preserved for example in the form of the cadaver or plastinated corpses, and by speaking rhetorically about death as a mechanical process, the medical model of death conceals the existential terror that comes with the lived experience of death as the termination of existence.
Joyful Thinking-Thanking
Authors: Robbins Brent Dean ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: April 2021

Interpretations of Heidegger’s existentialism tend to emphasize states of mind such as anxiety and boredom in his work, and his analysis of human being-toward-death. With such talk, one might rightly come to the conclusion that Heidegger had a morbid fascination with death and the horrible aspects of life. However, I am not alone in recognizing that Heidegger was not really a philosopher of anxiety, but, rather, one of joy (Robbins, 2003; Smith, 1981). Read in context, his analyses of anxiety and death are preparatory for an authentic appropriation of finitude in which one finds what Heidegger calls an “unshakeable joy.” And it is also within this spirit of joy that Heidegger explores in a radical way – what is called thinking?
Love, Loss, and Finitude
Authors: Stolorow Robert D. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: April 2021

In this paper I offer some existential-phenomenological reflections on the interrelationships among the forms of love, loss, and human finitude. I claim that authentic Being-toward-death entails owning up not only to one’s own finitude, but also to the finitude of all those we love. Hence, authentic Being-toward-death always includes Being-toward-loss as a central constituent. Just as, existentially, we are “always dying already,” so too are we always already grieving. Death and loss are existentially equiprimordial. I extend these claims to a discussion of the four forms of love identified by the ancient Greeks, contending that the nature of a loss experience will depend complexly on the forms or dimensions of love that had constituted the lost relationship. I argue that authentic solicitude can be shown to entail one of the constitutive dimensions of deep human bonding, in which we value the alterity of the other as it is manifested in his or her own distinctive affectivity, in particular, in those painful emotional states disclosive of authentic existing. Lastly, I explore the ethical implications of these claims.
Psyche as Postmodern Condition
Authors: Olson Rex ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: April 2021

This article examines James Hillman’s notion of psyche in relation to metaphor as the foundation for his archetypal psychology. In pushing Jung to his imaginal limits, Hillman provides an archetypal corrective to the Cartesianism inherent in modern scientific psychology in order to understand all aspects of contemporary psychological life. He proposes an ontological view of metaphor that locates psyche beyond language and mind to places in the world, thus seeking to establish a postmodern archetypal psychology. In the end his notion of psyche is not radical enough in its critique to advance archetypal psychology into acknowledging its postmodern condition.
Birth Without Violence
Authors: Wolf Allison B. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: April 2021

In 2010, Taffy Brodesser-Akner published an article entitled, “How Childbirth Caused my PTSD,” on Salon.com. Much to my surprise, her claims that she was seriously traumatized by childbirth encountered strong resistance and disbelief. In trying to understand the source of this resistance, I discovered a type of violence, which I refer to as “metaphysical violence,” that is often overlooked, yet prevalent, in what many people in the United States understand as normal childbirth practices and protocols. In this essay, I will use María Lugones’s Pilgramages/Peregrinajes to offer a detailed account of what constitutes metaphysical violence, how it functions, and why it is so damaging to at least 9% of post-partum women who meet the criteria for PTSD and the 18% of post-partum women who show some sign of the disorder. Then, I will offer suggestions for how we can help women who may be victims of metaphysical violence during birth avoid some of the trauma it so often induces.
Pushing for Empowerment
Authors: DeCoster Barry ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: April 2021

The birth plan has become an increasingly institutionalized tool of Western birth practices, used both in medicalized and midwifery settings. Limited empirical research has been done on the efficacy of birth plans in achieving a commonly-ascribed goal: empowering women in their birth experiences. Still, less work has been done on the ethical dimensions of birth plans. As such, this tool has become nearly ubiquitous in birthing practices, yet they warrant further reflection. In this paper, I articulate the ethical goals of writing birth plans. I frame the birth plan as a narrative project: one that women are encouraged to write out, after careful consideration, as a kind of story that articulates the values, experiences, and relationships that are most important to shaping their experience of a “good birth.” Given the importance of the birth experience for many women, birth plans are ethical projects that the attempt to reframe and improve the deeper political dimensions of birth and patient choice. Birth plans are meant to structure the experience, guide women’s understanding of the process, and foster important clinical relationships. In this way, they are similar to advance directives, which are written to shape successful end-of-life care. Yet, the success of birth plans as tool for this ethical work is questionable. This tool aiming at women’s empowerment and ethical self-reflection often sets women up for a kind of ethical injury, in the attempt to avoid unwanted physical harms of labor and delivery. Birth plans are not legally binding, despite how they are framed as pseudo-contracts. Instead of resisting the challenges of a medicalized birth and to be empowered agreements, birth plans often set women up to fail, often aiming at unreasonable expectations. In my argument, I ask to identify for whom the birth plan works, and in which ways the birth plan experience can be improved. Finally, I address how the failure to give birth plans uptake during emergencies often undermines the patient-physician relationship, working against the primary goal of empowerment.
Eroded Swimmeret Syndrome: Update of the Current Knowledge
Authors: Jussila Jappo , Tiitinen Vesa , Makkonen Jenny , Kokko Harri , Bohman Patrik , Edsman Lennart
Published: April 2021

Eroded swimmeret syndrome (ESS) was first described in 2014 from Swedish signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus (Dana)), and later also from Finland, with gross symptoms and disease agent candidates identified and described by 2015. The ESS was first discovered affecting alien signal crayfish in Fennoscandia. The ESS is caused by a multiple infection involving Aphanomyces astaci (Schikora) and Fusarium species complex (SC). The ESS symptoms include first melanised spots in swimmerets, then partial swimmeret erosion and finally loss of a swimmeret. There could be a total loss of all swimmerets in the most severe cases. Both females and males can be affected by the ESS. In females, the ESS lowers reproductive success while in males the ESS often causes erosion of the gonopods and thus possible partial failure in mating. The ESS is more frequent among mature females that have reproduced once compared to immature females or those that are mature but have not yet reproduced. The proportion of females with ESS has ranged from 10 to 50% among Lake Saimaa signal crayfish in Finland and in a wider survey from Sweden the range was from 0 to 38%. Among Lake Saimaa male signal crayfish, the ESS proportion has been less than 10%, while it was only 0.6% in the Swedish data. The ESS has also been observed among alien signal crayfish in Switzerland. There are recent observations of ESS affecting narrow-clawed crayfish, Pontastacus leptodactylus (Eschscholtz), in Croatia and Romania (i.e., among native European crayfish stocks). Here, we summarise current knowledge about the ESS and speculate on a few potentially crucial impacts of this syndrome.
Planning Pitfalls: Considerations for Decision-Making
Authors: Livers Stefanie D. , Bennett Victoria Miller
Published: April 2021

Within a single internet search, thousands of results occur when looking for a lesson or mathematics activity. However, the results are not all of good quality. We present a mathematics lesson planning protocol (MLP2) to help process the search results and offer experiences of teachers using the protocol.
Chunking the Reading: Solving “Wordy Problems”
Authors: Rumack Aaron M.
Published: April 2021

Reading mathematics problems can frustrate students to the point of shutting down. Although Pólya’s four-step plan is a well-known problem-solving framework, my students benefited from a more concrete and detailed approach: chunking the reading.
GPS: The Relationship between Area and Volume
Authors: Hagan Kelly , Özgün-Koca S. Asli
Published: April 2021

Growing Problem Solvers provides four original, related, classroom-ready mathematical tasks, one for each grade band. Together, these tasks illustrate the trajectory of learners’ growth as problem solvers across their years of school mathematics.
Teaching Is a Journey: Graduate School as a Full-Time Teacher
Authors: Bainter Taylor
Published: April 2021

This department provides a space for current and past PK–12 teachers of mathematics to connect with other teachers of mathematics through their stories that lend personal and professional support.
Problems to Ponder
Authors: Ingrassia Steve , Rawding Molly , Wares Arsalan
Published: April 2021

Problems to Ponder provides 28 varying, classroom-ready mathematics problems that collectively span PK–12, arranged in the order of the grade level. Answers to the problems are available online. Individuals are encouraged to submit a problem or a collection of problems directly to mtlt@nctm.org. If published, the authors of problems will be acknowledged.
O verde oliva na TV: o advento da televisão em cores pelo regime militar no Brasil
Authors: Barros Filho Eduardo Amando de
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo tratar da determinação do regime militar para implantação da televisão em cores no Brasil. Para tanto, recorremos à bibliografia sobre o tema e matérias jornalísticas dos periódicos: O Estado de S. Paulo, Diário de S. Paulo, O Globo, Jornal do Brasil e Veja. Portanto, temos como intento trazer à luz os interesses dos militares na difusão da televisão em cores, como: controle maior sobre o setor televisivo, pioneirismo na América do Sul, avanço tecnológico e incentivo à indústria nacional.
A multimodal model of analysis for the translation of songs from stage musicals
Authors: Carpi Beatrice
Published: April 2021

Song translation has only recently become an area of interest for research purposes, with the development of studies on opera, films, folk music, cover songs, and more. Not many scholars have researched stage musicals, even though songs play a fundamental role in this type of performance, conveying meaning via verbal, audio and visual semiotic resources.

A few studies on song translation can be identified, such as Low’s (2003; 2005) Pentathlon Approach and Franzon’s (2005) functional approach. These models of translation offer valuable guidelines on how to treat the lyrics, but what is missing is a systematic and multimodal model of analysis that can be applied to the song in its entirety. Kaindl (2005; 2013) takes into consideration the multimodality of songs, but only focuses on popular music and opera. Acknowledging the lack of substantial research on the interaction between modes, which is typical of stage musicals, this paper focuses on the development of a model of analysis that considers the semiotic complexity of songs. A new approach based on themes will allow for a more holistic view of the song and of its content.
A responsabilidade civil ambiental: aspectos processuais
Authors: Belchior Germana Parente Neiva , Viana Iasna Chaves
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo busca investigar como e em que medida os novos instrumentos trazidos pelo CPC/2015 podem contribuir para que a responsabilidade civil exerça função mais preventiva e cautelosa no gerenciamento dos efeitos dos danos ambientais. O trabalho emprega o método hipotético-dedutivo, para o desenvolvimento de pesquisa teórica, exploratória, bibliográfica e qualitativa. Conclui-se que, para efetivação do direito ao meio ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado, as tutelas preventivas ambientais e a distribuição dinâmica das cargas probatórias se mostram aptas à proteção ecológica e bem proativas à efetivação de uma responsabilidade civil ambiental mais preventiva e precaucional frente à danosidade e complexidade ambientais.
O mercado de transporte individual de passageiros analisado à luz do Direito Econômico: regulação, desregulamentação, planejamento urbano e proteção ambiental
Authors: Gomes Magno Federici , Pinto Wallace Douglas Da Silva
Published: April 2021

A Revolução Industrial representou um divisor na evolução da história, transformando uma sociedade caracteristicamente agrária para um modelo baseado na indústria e tecnologia. O aumento do emprego e investimento em transportes impulsionaram o comércio e o mercado consumidor. Pretende-se, a partir de um estudo doutrinário, verificar os impactos do setor de transporte individual, levando em consideração os aspectos concorrenciais, regulatórios, de planejamento urbano e as externalidades positivas ao meio ambiente. Concluiu-se que, diante da globalização, não há como impedir que os avanços tecnológicos integrem o mercado, mas mantendo o primado da concorrência e um mercado justo e eficiente.
Tutela difusa das cidades: do caráter metaindividual ao processo coletivo na ordem urbanística
Authors: Reis Rhuan Filipe Montenegro dos , Guedes Jefferson Carús
Published: April 2021

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as potencialidades e limitações de instrumentos como Ação Civil Pública e Ação Popular para defesa da ordem urbanística, conjugando aspectos jurisprudenciais e doutrinários. Evidencia, em um primeiro plano, a ordem urbanística como direito constitucional e difuso, expondo seus lastros historiográficos e comparados, buscando-se também elucidar o aspecto metaindividual e fraterno desse direito, tal como as dimensões operacionais do bem-estar coletivo enquanto conceito programático da Constituição. Por fim, são discutidas relações entre o princípio da justeza constitucional e o controle processual das políticas públicas urbanísticas, cabendo para tanto, analisar a tutela procesual do meio urbano pelo prisma dos principais enunciados judiciais sobre o assunto.
Sumário Bilingue
Authors: Table of Contents Bilingual
Published: April 2021

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Medium-grown daylily flowering in the Republic of Mari El
Authors: Okach Mariya Aleksandrovna , Mukhametova Svetlana Valer'evna , Kharisova Kseniya Valentinovna , Polkanova Anastasiya Sergeevna , Yakupova Gul'nara Il'darovna
Published: April 2021

Daylily (Hemerocallis) is a perennial herbaceous plant widely used in landscape gardening. Daylilies are prized for their long term flowering mainly in late summer and low maintenance cultivation. According to flower spike height, the varieties are divided into runt, medium-growing and tall. The article contains the results of the study of 21 medium-growing daylily varieties’ terms of flowering in the botanic garden of the Volga region State University of Technology (Yoshkar-Ola, the Republic of Mari El). The research was conducted in 2015 - 2017. The calendar dates were converted into a continuous series. All varieties were classified as early, medium or late according to the terms of the beginning and the end of flowering and its duration. During three years of research, the earliest beginning of the phenological phase was registered in 2016, and the latest one  - in 2017. The early beginning and ending of flowering were typical for the varieties “Dr Regel” and “Royal Sovereign”. The late beginning of flowering was registered for the “Country Club” variety, and the late ending - for “Sandalwood”. Other varieties were classified as medium-term. The varieties “Royal Sovereign”, “Tejas”, and “Sugar Candy” are characterized by a short flowering period, while “Sandalwood” and “Derby Bound” - with a long one. It was established that the late-flowering varieties are characterized with a longer flowering period.
The legal regime of subsoil usage in the United States
Authors: Manin Iaroslav
Published: April 2021

The subject of this research is the legal regulation of exploitation of underground resources in the United States, while the object is the relations of subsoil usage. The author examines the system and structure of the federal executive branches that maintain the development of mineral deposits in the United States, including their functions and authority, highlighting the United States Department of the Interior and its regional branches. Special attention is given to constitutional framework of natural resource management, ownership rights to land and subsoil, its classification in causality with administration of subsoil usage, as well as centralization of the U.S. state natural resource management mechanism. The research is based on the relevant legal sources, works and theses of the Russian and foreign scholars on the subject matter. The author systematizes the information valuable for organization of the national subsoil usage; excludes the possibility of foreign influence upon the lawmaking in Russian through determining unfavorable norms and methods of economic regulation, namely with regards to subsoil management in the constituent entities. The article contains both, new records and previous data, which is constantly being updated. The author’s recommendation of introduction in the Russian Federation of the list of “cooperating countries” may serve as an effective instrument of economic policy.
Problems and prospects for the conservation and rational use of cultural heritage sites of the local (municipal) significance
Authors: Lebedev Aleksandr Ivanovich , Pushkareva Tamara Anatolevna , Samokhodova Svetlana Yur'evna
Published: April 2021

The object of this research is the immovable cultural heritage. The subject of this research is the activity of the local self-government for the conservation, use, and popularization of cultural heritage sites owned by the municipalities, located in their territories, as well as state protection of cultural heritage sites of local (municipal) significance. Such authority is set in by the Federal Law “On Cultural Heritage Sites (Historical and Cultural Monuments) of the Peoples of the Russian Federation” and the Federal Law No.131-FZ “On General Principles of the Organization of Local Self-Government in the Russian Federation). Leaning on the experience of the colleagues and analysis of the activity of Ufa City Municipal District Administration  of the Republic of Bashkortostan, positive and negative results obtained in the course of exercising the authority granted by the legislation in this sphere, the author acknowledges the need for a more integrated approach towards conservation of immovable cultural heritage of the local (municipal) significance; it includes the stage of its identification, and registration (with the municipal authorities), as well as organization of their rational use, such as leasing, privatization, etc. The article provides a number of recommendations, which are based on the practical experience and comprehension of theoretical material.
Early printed books of the library of the Church of Praise of the Mother of God in Orel-Gorodok (village of Orlinskoe) in the XVIII-XX centuries
Authors: Bogdanov Vladimir Pavlovich
Published: April 2021

This article is dedicated to parish libraries of the XVIII-XIX centuries. The author examines the library acquisition and functionality throughout the centuries. The subject of this research is the library of the Church of Praise of the Mother of God in Orel-Gorodok (in the XIX century – the village of Orlinskoe, currently the town of Orel, Perm Krai). Located in the administrative center of the vast Stroganov’s estates, in the XVII – early XVIII centuries the church was under the patronage of the prominent family, which is reflected in numerous book contributions. Later on, the clergy of parish and parishioners took charge of the church. Among them are the clergy dynasties of Gorbunov, Korovin, Smyshlyaev, etc., as well as peasants. The library collection was constantly changing; 12 out of 62 books were removed from during the XVII – XVIII centuries. By the end of the XIX century (based on handwriting of the note), the collection of the church library contained no fewer than 33 books: No. 33 is the highest number identified on the books that previously belonged to this church. It is worth noting that 33 (53%) were attributed to liturgical publications, 25 (40%) –  educational books, 3 (5%) – Holy Scripture, and 1 (2%) – legislative normative texts. Despite the fact that the oldest books were removed from the church library, the early printed books were preserved in its collection up to the end of the XX century.
Buddhist motifs in the Ehirit-Bulagat version of Geseriada
Authors: Aiusheeva Erzhena Bairovna
Published: April 2021

This article is dedicated to the analysis of Buddhist motifs in one of the Buryat versions of the Epic of King Gesar. The object of this research is the text of the Ehirit-Bulagat Uliger “Abai Geser Hubun” by M. Imegenov, which is considered most archaic, and thus, least susceptible to Buddhist influence. The subject of this research is the Buddhist motifs reflected in the epic narrative. The article also employs the texts of other Buryat Uligers as a comparative material. Special attention is given to the semantic analysis of the motifs under review. The author provides the historical data and refers the comparative-typological method. It is determined that the Buddhist motifs ingrained into the texts of Western Buryat Geseriada function on a surface semantic level and do not affect the narrative framework of the epic. The conclusion is made that the Ehirit-Bulagat version of Geseriada, unlike Unging versions, is less susceptiple to Buddhist influence; therefore, the research in such context allows understanding the peculiarities of the Buryat Geseriada as a whole, and furthermore, the disclosure of the key mechanisms of plot transformation of the Central Asian epic tradition.
Smartwatch, oxygen saturation, and COVID-19: Trustworthy?
Authors: Barros Gabriel Martins de , Barros Gabrielly Martins de , Anjos Monaliza Sousa dos , Mazullo Filho João Batista Raposo
Published: April 2021

not applicable
The knowledge of the nursing team about autistic disorders in children in the light of the human caring theory
Authors: Soeltl Sarah Baffile , Fernandes Isabel Cristine , Camillo Simone de Oliveira
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Autistic Spectrum Disorders (ASD) or Autistic Disorders (AD) are complex neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by social communication deficits, social interaction, and nonverbal behavior in multiple contexts. Objective: To analyze the knowledge of the nursing team about ASD and the approach to the subject during professional training based on the principles addressed in the Human Caring Theory. Methods: Descriptive study with a qualitative approach, adopting the Human Caring Theory by Jean Watson as a theoretical reference. Ten semi-structured interviews were conducted with professionals from the nursing team of a Primary Health Center in the ABC Region from São Paulo State, Brazil, in May 2019. Their knowledge about ASD in children was assessed by a 7-question guiding script. Data analysis was performed using Content Analysis Method. Results: Four main categories were elaborated: the care based on humanistic-altruistic values, the cultivation of sensitivity for self and the other, the valorization of the feelings expression and the interpersonal relationship, the promotion of intra and interpersonal teaching-learning process. Conclusion: The nursing team professionals are not prepared to work in the care of children with ASD. During their training, the subject's approach is poor, making professionals feel insecure and unable to provide care to this child and his family.
Prevalence of intestinal parasites in children from public preschool in the Triple Border Brazil, Argentina, and Paraguay
Authors: Ferreira Arthur Luiz de Campos , Carvalho Fernanda Ferreira de , Nihei Oscar Kenji , Nascimento Isalina Ansilieiro , Shimabuku Junior Reinaldo Santos , Fernandes Rene Diomar , Moreira Neide Martins
Published: April 2021

Introduction: The prevalence of parasitosis in children from Brazilian border cities is unknown. Objective: To identify the prevalence of intestinal parasites in children from public pre-school on the Brazilian border and their socioeconomic and health profile. Methods: Fecal samples were obtained from 178 children from public early childhood educational center (CMEI) in Brazilian border municipalities in Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil. Samples were processed by Hoffman sedimentation and zinc sulfate centrifugation and flotation methods. A questionnaire was administered to children´s parents or guardians regarding parasitic diseases, socioeconomic status, and sanitary habits. Results: The prevalence of intestinal parasites was 26.9% (n=48). A high prevalence of Giardia duodenalis was found (16.3%), followed by Endolimax nana (8.4%), Enterobius vermiculares (1.7%), Ascaris lumbricoides, and Entamoeba coli (0.5%). Forty-seven children (26.4%) presented monoparasitism. The percentage of parasitosis was significantly higher among male children (33.7% - p<0.036) who exhibited weight loss (50.0%), were from low-income families (35.4%- p=0.05), and had mothers with a low education (54.0%-p=0.0001). The highest percentage of Giardia was in children who exhibited weight loss (42.9% - p<0.05) and had mothers with low education (35.0%- p=0.0001). Multivariate analysis indicated that in the variable gender (male gender), weight loss and low maternal education contributed to the variability of parasitosis in children from the surveyed MCEC. Conclusion: The higher prevalence of Giardia was due to child and family variables. The detection of Enterobius vermiculares and Ascaris lumbricoides, despite the low frequency, indicates the need for better basic sanitation policies.   Keywords: child; parasites; prevalence; border areas; giardiasis.
Effects of a multimodal physical exercise program on physical and mental health indicators in males with substance use disorder
Authors: Malagodi Bruno Marson , Greguol Márcia , Carraro Attilio , Cavazzotto Timothy Gustavo , Serassuelo Junior Helio
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Substance use disorder (SUD) is seen as a serious and growing public safety and health problem worldwide. Long-term sequelae may involve permanent damage to physical fitness, body balance, and coordination skills, with a severe motor, functional, and emotional consequences. Objective: To verify the effect of 16 sessions of a multimodal physical exercise program on physical fitness, body balance, and internalized stigma of inpatients for the treatment of Substance use disorder. Methods: Forty-three males with Substance use disorder (aged 33.9 ±12.4 years) were divided into an Intervention Group (IG, n=21) and Control Group (CG, n=22). The IG was submitted to eight weeks of training with physical exercises. Participants were submitted to the evaluation of internalized stigma, body balance, agility, and flexibility, before and after the intervention period. Results: Positive results were observed in physical fitness (agility, p=0.001) and body balance variables (center of pressure path with closed eyes, p=0.050, and ellipse area with closed eyes, p=0.031). The time of substance use correlated with lower performance in agility and body balance tests. Conclusion: The data seem to support the potential benefit of physical exercise as an adjunct in Substance use disorder rehabilitation process, particularly for physical fitness and body balance variables.
Nuevos datos de distribución de marta Martes martes en Ourense, Galicia. El fototrampeo como herramienta de muestreo de la especie
Authors: Mallo-Leira Marcos , Díez Carmen
Published: April 2021

Pine marten Martes martes is a medium size mustelid that inhabits well-conserved forests of the northern Iberian Peninsula. Currently, the distribution and ecology of the species in the Iberian Peninsula is poorly known. In this work, 27 UTM 10x10km grids in the province of Ourense were sampled using camera-trapping techniques, with the aim of increasing knowledge about the distribution of the species in Galicia. The presence of pine marten was confirmed in 18 of the surveyed grids, which increases the species´ known distribution area by 21% in this community and by 62% in Ourense province, confirming camera-trapping specific survey as a highly effective method to know the distribution of elusive species such as the pine marten.
La cabra montés coloniza la Vega de Granada, una nueva especie para Sierra Elvira (España)
Authors: Peula-Cervera David , Fandos Paulino , Pascual-Rico Roberto , Pleguezuelos J. Manuel , Granados J. Enrique
Published: April 2021

The Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica) is an endemic species of the Iberian Peninsula that is expanding throughout the province of Granada (Andalucía). Historical records of this species in the Sierra Elvira massif, in the Vega de Granada, are missing. This recent permanent establishment of this species in the study area allows us to examine different demographic parameters from this population (density, reproductive index, sex ratio and age distribution). To approach this goal, we sampled by the Distance Sampling method this ibex population during the spring of 2019. Besides, to evaluate the use of the space and determine the range size, we captured and marked one individual. Although the preliminary basis of the study, the results define several population parameters of this newly established ibex population. Overall, this study can be used to develop a proper management program of this population that includes monitoring, habitat adaptation and a harvest control plan.
Puasa Ramadan dan Diabetes Melitus: Risiko, Manfaat dan Peluang Penelitian
Authors: Tahapary Dicky L. , Wafa Syahidatul , Harbuwono Dante S
Published: April 2021

Prevalensi diabetes melitus (DM) di Indonesia terus meningkat dan mencapai 10,9% dari populasi penduduk dewasa pada tahun 2018. Indonesia juga merupakan negara dengan jumlah penduduk muslim terbesar di dunia. Setiap tahunnya, sebagian besar pasien DM di Indonesia menjalankan ibadah puasa di bulan Ramadan. Hal ini dilandasi oleh keutamaan nilai spiritual yang tinggi pada puasa Ramadan yang menjadi motivasi bagi umat Islam, termasuk pasien DM. Namun, puasa Ramadan tidak terlepas dari beberapa perubahan baik terkait asupan makanan, aktivitas fisik, dan rutinitas harian, yang berpotensi menimbulkan dampak pada metabolisme tubuh seseorang, khususnya penyandang DM.
The metal cofactor zinc and interacting membranes modulate SOD1 conformation-aggregation landscape in an in vitro ALS model
Authors: Sannigrahi Achinta , Chowdhury Sourav , Das Bidisha , Banerjee Amrita , Halder Animesh , Kumar Amaresh , Saleem Mohammed , Naganathan Athi N , Karmakar Sanat , Chattopadhyay Krishnananda
Published: April 2021

Aggregation of Cu–Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is implicated in the motor neuron disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Although more than 140 disease mutations of SOD1 are available, their stability or aggregation behaviors in membrane environment are not correlated with disease pathophysiology. Here, we use multiple mutational variants of SOD1 to show that the absence of Zn, and not Cu, significantly impacts membrane attachment of SOD1 through two loop regions facilitating aggregation driven by lipid-induced conformational changes. These loop regions influence both the primary (through Cu intake) and the gain of function (through aggregation) of SOD1 presumably through a shared conformational landscape. Combining experimental and theoretical frameworks using representative ALS disease mutants, we develop a ‘co-factor derived membrane association model’ wherein mutational stress closer to the Zn (but not to the Cu) pocket is responsible for membrane association-mediated toxic aggregation and survival time scale after ALS diagnosis.
Editorial: humour as an information resource in the media
Authors: Duskaeva Liliya Rashidovna
Published: April 2021

Editorial
Humour as an information-influencing resource in mass media
Authors: Duskaeva Liliya Rashidovna
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this paper is to show how humour is involved in creating effective media communication. The research method is a stylistic analysis of the media text through establishing the manifestations of humour in its compositional components – paratext, metatext, and intratext. The paper reveals the manifestations of two types of irony – ridicule and banter – in these text components. It is established that banter is a means to demonstrate the event distantly, to reduce unnecessary pathos in the speech of top public officials, and to emphasize public contradictions indirectly. Language markers of banter are most often found in the metatext. In such forms of irony, veiled references and hints are expressed which require an additional cognitive effort to understand. The feelings that motivate irony are hidden behind a mask, and are the opposite of the implied ones expressed in the text: for example, indignation is hidden behind surprise and bewilderment. Banter is typical of business mass media, where every event is transmitted distantly. Ridicule is characteristic of sociopolitical mass media. It is expressed in the conflict charge of the media text – the desire to discredit the object of speech, and often acts as a means of transmitting alienation, demonstrating categorical opposition of one’s position to another’s. Ridicule is created by the saturation of negative-evaluative means, most often manifested in the expression of anger and indignation, which determine ridicule. The text markers of tonality, evaluation and degree of indirect expression form the basis of reading the modality character – i.e. badinage.
Linguistic ridicule as a reflection of the confrontation between the political power and society
Authors: Kornienko Alla Vladimirovna
Published: April 2021

This paper presents the words, collocations, and expressions which have been announced as winners of the Word of the Year contest, held on an annual basis in Russia for the last 12 years. Taken together, all these lexical units allow us to draw conclusions about some current trends in the modern-day Russian public discourse, namely its explicit politicization, increased emotionality, and the use of word play in an indirect dialogue with the political authorities. The inner meaning of word play, which is particularly widespread in social networks, represents the users’ critical attitude, aiming to undermine conventional values through ridicule. Illustrative examples reflecting the views of the Facebook community (winners of the “Word of the Year”) are cited in the paper.
Soviet policy in the sphere of humour and comedy: the case of satirical cinemagazine Fitil
Authors: Vorobyeva Maria
Published: April 2021

Satirical cinemagazine Fitil (The Fuse), one of the final products of the Thaw, the time of liberalization in both foreign and domestic policy of the Soviet Union, appeared in 1962 and was produced under the supervision of Sergei Mikhalkov, a prominent public and literary figure in the USSR. Vivid and engaging, the cinemagazine starred many famous theatre and cinema actors and soon became an important part of mainstream satire, which was aimed at reinforcing the Soviet regime by criticizing some of its flaws. The significance attached to Fitil by Soviet authorities can be illustrated by the fact that its episodes were shown before films in cinemas, that is, it was officially promoted and was seen by the mass public across the Union. Fitil was expected not only to relieve social tension, but also marked the boundaries of the permissible in public criticism and satire. The agenda of Fitil was heterogeneous and dynamic: apart from a number of permanent themes, such as bureaucracy and red tape, bad management, poor service in retail and catering, alcohol abuse, morals, and manners, there were variations in the choice of themes and subjects of satire in different periods. The changes also affected the degree of generalization, the scale of the problems discussed and characteristics of the comic itself. This article analyzes Fitil issues of 1962-1991 and outlines the cinemagazine’s agenda and its changes in time. It is shown that Fitil was a part of mainstream satire, determined by the state policy in the sphere of humour and comedy.
A real-time approach of diagnosing rice leaf disease using deep learning-based faster R-CNN framework
Authors: Bari Bifta Sama , Islam Md Nahidul , Rashid Mamunur , Hasan Md Jahid , Razman Mohd Azraai Mohd , Musa Rabiu Muazu , Ab Nasir Ahmad Fakhri , P.P. Abdul Majeed Anwar
Published: April 2021

The rice leaves related diseases often pose threats to the sustainable production of rice affecting many farmers around the world. Early diagnosis and appropriate remedy of the rice leaf infection is crucial in facilitating healthy growth of the rice plants to ensure adequate supply and food security to the rapidly increasing population. Therefore, machine-driven disease diagnosis systems could mitigate the limitations of the conventional methods for leaf disease diagnosis techniques that is often time-consuming, inaccurate, and expensive. Nowadays, computer-assisted rice leaf disease diagnosis systems are becoming very popular. However, several limitations ranging from strong image backgrounds, vague symptoms’ edge, dissimilarity in the image capturing weather, lack of real field rice leaf image data, variation in symptoms from the same infection, multiple infections producing similar symptoms, and lack of efficient real-time system mar the efficacy of the system and its usage. To mitigate the aforesaid problems, a faster region-based convolutional neural network (Faster R-CNN) was employed for the real-time detection of rice leaf diseases in the present research. The Faster R-CNN algorithm introduces advanced RPN architecture that addresses the object location very precisely to generate candidate regions. The robustness of the Faster R-CNN model is enhanced by training the model with publicly available online and own real-field rice leaf datasets. The proposed deep-learning-based approach was observed to be effective in the automatic diagnosis of three discriminative rice leaf diseases including rice blast, brown spot, and hispa with an accuracy of 98.09%, 98.85%, and 99.17% respectively. Moreover, the model was able to identify a healthy rice leaf with an accuracy of 99.25%. The results obtained herein demonstrated that the Faster R-CNN model offers a high-performing rice leaf infection identification system that could diagnose the most common rice diseases more precisely in real-time.
LOPDF: a framework for extracting and producing open data of scientific documents for smart digital libraries
Authors: Aslam Muhammad Ahtisham
Published: April 2021

Background

Results of scientific experiments and research work, either conducted by individuals or organizations, are published and shared with scientific community in different types of scientific publications such as books, chapters, journals, articles, reference works and reference works entries. One aspect of these documents is their contents and the other is metadata. Metadata of scientific documents could be used to increase mutual cooperation, find people with common interest and research work, and to find scientific documents in the matching domains. The major issue in getting these benefits from metadata of scientific publications is availability of these data in unstructured (or semi-structured) format so that it can not be used to ask smart queries that can help in computing and performing different types of analysis on scientific publications data. Also, acquisition and smart processing of publications data is a complicated as well as time and resource consuming task.

Methods

To address this problem we have developed a generic framework named as Linked Open Publications Data Framework (LOPDF). The LOPDF framework can be used to crawl, process, extract and produce machine understandable data (i.e., LOD) about scientific publications from different publisher specific sources such as portals, XML export and websites. In this paper we present the architecture, process and algorithm that we developed to process textual publications data and to produce semantically enriched data as RDF datasets (i.e., open data).

Results

The resulting datasets can be used to make smart queries by making use of SPARQL protocol. We also present the quantitative as well as qualitative analysis of our resulting datasets which ultimately can be used to compute the research behavior of organizations in rapidly growing knowledge society. Finally, we present the potential usage of producing and processing such open data of scientific publications and how results of performing smart queries on resulting open datasets can be used to compute the impact and perform different types of analysis on scientific publications data.