bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Citizen news podcasts and engaging journalism: The formation of a counter-public sphere in South Korea
Authors: Park Chang Sup
Published: July 2017

This study examines what roles citizen news podcasts of South Korea play, based on two unique concepts—carnivalism and engaging journalism. To this end, the current study content analysed the content of 11 citizen news podcasts that are most popular in this country and conducted interviews with 10 professional journalists. The findings reveal that through the use of comedic techniques such as humour, parody, and satire, the discourse of citizen podcasts transgresses existing social and cultural hierarchies and subverts a range of authoritative discourses by mainstream media. The analysis also finds that the discourse in citizen news podcasts takes on the nature of engaging journalism, which motivates ordinary individuals who are left largely disillusioned from mainstream journalism to engage in elite-challenging political action. Professional journalists admitted that citizen news podcasts provide an opportunity to re-evaluate the journalism norms and practices of South Korea.
Platelet Rich Plasma- mechanism of action and clinical applications
Authors: Cozma Cristina N. , Raducu Laura , Jecan Cristian R.
Published: July 2017

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a blood-derived fraction containing high level of platelets, a high concentration of leukocytes and growth factors. PRP therapy has been growing as a viable treatment alternative for a number of clinical applications and has a potential benefit for use in wound healing. Nowadays platelet rich plasma is used in stimulating wound healing in skin and soft tissue ulcerations, accelerating wound healing in diabetic patients and facilitating bone proliferation in orthopedic and trauma surgery. It has also applications in maxillofacial surgery, spinal surgery, plastic and esthetic surgery, heart surgery and burns. This review of the literature shows a limited number of studies realized on humans that sustain PRP applications in orthopedic and plastic surgery. As the use of PRP increases, more properly structured clinical studies are necessary to confirm the results and to establish clearly the techniques of preparing, the conditions and the clinical indications of applying this therapy.
Diagnostic and treatment difficulties in Crohn's disease
Authors: Păunică Ioana
Published: July 2017

Inflammatory bowel diseases are related to a special pathology having a great psychosocial and economic impact, being represented by chronic diseases which often affects the adult/ active population and that require a long-term treatment. The incidence of Crohn's disease has recorded an increasing trend amongst the general population. However, the incidence of regional enteritis is somewhat lower than in the case of ulcero-hemorrhagic rectocolitis. The highest prevalence of Crohn's disease is encountered among the populations with a high standard of living; the onset of the disease occurs between 15 and 35 years, but there are also rare cases with onset in childbirth or over 60 years of age. Men and women are approximate equally affected by Crohn's disease. The main purpose of the treatment is to keep under control the disease, and to increase the quality of life with the following goals: diminishing intestinal inflammatory lesions, relieving symptoms and inducing remission, preventing relapses and complications, as well as maintaining proper nutrition. Appropriate treatment should be adapted to the different clinical-evolutionary forms of Crohn's disease, the succession of different treatment methods being therefore different. Surgical treatment plays a much more limited role in Crohn's disease than in ulcer-hemorrhagic rectocolitis. Operational interventions are frequently followed by relapses, and surgical resections should be limited to macroscopically affected segments.
Breast sarcoma surgical management: a five-year multicentric study
Authors: Scăunașu Răzvan V. , Burcoș Traean , Voiculescu Ștefan , Cozma Cristina , Popescu Bogdan , Brătucu Eugen
Published: July 2017

Background. Breast sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of breast neoplasms with a low incidence and a reserved prognosis. No treatment protocol has been yet established, a guideline similar to soft tissue sarcomas is used. Materials and Methods. Our study analyzed all the patients admitted with the diagnosis of malignant breast disease in two specialized centers on a five-year time frame. We compared long term results for the patients who underwent conservative treatment and mastectomy. Results. A total of 76 cases received surgical treatment with curative intent, 24 conservative procedures and 52 mastectomies. Incidence of local recurrence does not appear to be closely related to the type of surgical procedure. There were a number of five local recurrences for patients who received conservative treatment and 7 local recurrences where we used mastectomy. Kaplan-Meier analysis conducted shows no differences statistically significant (sig = 0.459) between the results of conservative treatment and mastectomy. Basically conservative surgery seems to get similar results, provided that R0 resection objective can be met. Conclusions. Treatment options are more limited for breast sarcomas than carcinomas, the role of surgery being more important to therapeutic success. The biological characteristic of the tumor including histological type and sub-type, play an important role in determining the results and the treatment should be tailored and adapted for each case.
Median forehead flap - beyond classic indication
Authors: Jecan Cristian R. , Cozma Cristina N. , Tulin Adrian , Hernic Alexandru D. , Răducu Laura
Published: July 2017

Introduction. The paramedian forehead flap is one of the best options for reconstruction of the median upper two-thirds of the face due to its vascularity, color, texture match and ability to resurface all or part of the reconstructed area. The forehead flap is the gold standard for nasal soft tissue reconstruction and the flap of choice for larger cutaneous nasal defects having a robust pedicle and large amount of tissue. Materials and Methods. We are reporting a clinical series of cutaneous tumors involving the nose, medial canthus, upper and lower eyelid through a retrospective review of 6 patients who underwent surgical excision of the lesion and primary reconstruction using a paramedian forehead flap. Results. The forehead flap was used for total nose reconstruction, eyelids and medial canthal reconstruction. All flaps survived completely and no tumor recurrence was seen in any of the patients. Cosmetic and functional results were favorable. Conclusions. The forehead flap continues to be one of the best options for nose reconstruction and for closure of surgical defects of the nose larger than 2 cm. Even though is not a gold standard, median forehead flap can be an advantageous technique in periorbital defects reconstruction.
Management of nonunion after an old - neglected ankle fracture in diabetic patient; case report
Authors: Gavrilă Tudor M. , Cristea Ștefan
Published: July 2017

Ankle fractures represent 9% of fractures. Even if it is a relatively usual fracture, the presence of diabetes makes treatment more difficult and rate of complications is higher than in the rest of population. The incidence of ankle fractures increased in the last half century. Many studies from SUA, England, Sweden and Finland suggest that the epidemiology of ankle fractures continues to change as populations age, up to the age 60 of years in men and above age of 50 years in women. Two-thirds of fractures are isolated malleolar fractures, bimalleolar fractures occur in one-fourth of patients and trimaleolar fractures occur in the rest of them. We present a case of 60 years old women with non-insulin dependent diabetes for 22 years who sustained a fracture of ankle. Her first presentation at doctor was after 4 months after injury and surgical treatment occurred after 8 months after the injury. She was operated using an external fixator. Despite the fact the treatment was delayed, the evolution of lesion was good and patient could regained normal gate.
Heterotopic pancreatic tissue of the stomach leading to gastric diverticulum and upper gastro-intestinal bleeding
Authors: Stoian Silviu , Pop Florinel , Strîmbu Victor D.
Published: July 2017

Heterotopic pancreatic tissue of the stomach is a rare condition. Gastric diverticulum is also a rare condition, mostly located at the fornix. Therefore, the existence of a pyloric gastric diverticulum containing a submucosal tumor proved to be heterotopic pancreatic tissue of the stomach is an extremely rare condition. The patient was a young thin male with epigastralgia chronically treated for gastritis/ulcer. Following an episode of melena, he underwent gastroscopy that diagnosed antral gastric diverticulum containing a polyp. The lesion was surgically removed. The pathology report stated: heterotopic pancreatic tissue of the stomach with secondary development of a traction diverticulum. Heterotopic pancreas tissue of the stomach is a rare condition but the association with gastric diverticulum is completely unusual. The possibility of the ectopic tissue leading to secondary diverticulum development should be considered.
PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI KABUPATEN BANGKALAN SETELAH ADANYA PEMBANGUNAN JEMBATAN SURAMADU (ANALISIS TEORI HARROD-DOMAR)
Authors: Suprijati Jajuk , Yakin Ainul
Published: July 2017

Pertumbuhan ekonomi merupakan suatu proses menuju perubahan yang diupayakan secara terus menerus untuk meningatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat.Pertumbuhan ekonomi di suatu wilayah dilihat dari besarnya sumbangan Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB) atas harga yang berlaku ataupun atas harga konstan. Sedangkan Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB) adalah seluruh total output dan ukuran prestasi dari seluruh sektor ekonomi serta indikator pertumbuhan suatu wilayah. Pembangunan Jembatan Suramadu sebagai penunjang pertumbuhan ekonomi di Kabupaten Bangkalan diharapkan dapat mendongkrak atau menunjang pertumbuhan ekonomi di Kabupaten Bangkalan.Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari instansi-instansi seperti: Badan Pusat Statisti dan berbagai literature yang menunjang dan tehnik analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisa kualitatif dengan pendekatan teori harrod – domar.Dari hasil analisis dapat diketahui sektor-sektor yang pertumbuhannya relatif cepat setelah adanya pembangunan jembatan Suramadu menurut harga konstan pada Tahun 2013. Yang pertama adalah sektor pertanian sebesar Rp.1,310,393.89 Milyar, yang kedua yaitu perdagangan hotel dan restoran sebesar Rp. 1,104,510.11 Milyar dan yang terakhir sektor jasa jasa yaitu sebesar Rp. 545,609.00 Milyar. Selain itu juga dapat diketahui pertumbuhan rata-rata dalam persen selama 5 tahun sebelum dan sesudah adanya Jembatan Suramadu. Sebelumadanya Jembatan Suramadu pertumbuhan aktual (Gn) sebesar 15,7% dan pertumbuhan terjamin (Gw) sebesar 4,9%. Selanjutnya sesudah adanya pembangunan jembatan Suramadu, pertumbuhan aktual (Gn) sebesar 12,02% dan pertumbuhan terjamin (Gw) yaitu sebesar 5,9%.Sebelum adanya Jembatan Suramadu Gn > Gw, Namun sesudah adanya Jembatan Suramadu Gn masi tetap lebih besar dari pada Gw (Gn > Gw) atau pertumbuhan aktual lebih besar dari pada pertumbuhan terjamin. Maka pembangunan JembatanSuramadu belum berdampak pada pertumbuhnan ekonomi di Kabupaten Bangkalan.Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi masukan bahkaan dapat menjadi pertimbangan bagi pemerintahKata kunci: Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, Pembangunan Ekonomi, Harga Berlaku(Gn), Harga Konstan (Gw)
New RP-HPLC Method Development and Validation for the Determination of Pazopanib Hydrochloride in Tablet Dosage Form
Authors: Y. Rajesh Babu , N. Appala Raju
Published: July 2017

The aim of this paper was to develop and validate the stability indicating RP-HPLC method for the determination of
Pazopanib hydrochloride in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms. A simple, accurate, precise, sensitive and stability
indicating RP-HPLC method has been developed for the determination of Pazopanib hydrochloride in bulk drug and
pharmaceutical dosage form, in which separations are done using develosil C18, 5μm, 150 × 4.6mm i.d. column at a flow
rate of 1.0mL/min with an injection volume of 20μL. The beer’s law was obeyed over the concentration range of 5 -
35μg/mL. The correlation coefficient was found to be 0.996 and it showed good linearity, reproducibility, precision in this
concentration range. The % recovery values were found to be within the limits, which showed that the method was accurate.
The LOD and LOQ were calculated using statistical methods. The % RSD values were less than 2. The developed method
was successfully applied for determination of Pazopanib hydrochloride in pharmaceutical dosage form. The results
obtained are in good agreement with those obtained by using the standard method.
Adenocarcinoma numa Mulher Histerectomizada
Authors: Nunes Catarina , Maia Claúdia , Leite Paula , Dominguez Rute
Published: July 2017

A presença de células de tipo glandular na vagina em mulheres histerectomizadas pode ter várias origens. Estas células podem sofrer alterações malignas e originar adenocarcinoma primário da vagina. Esta neoplasia é rara, sendo o fator de risco mais frequente para o seu desenvolvimento a exposição intrauterina ao dietilestilbestrol.Relatamos o caso de uma paciente de 70 anos, com história clínica de histerectomia realizada aos 36 anos de idade para controlar hemorragia pós-aborto. No exame ecográfico foi detetada uma massa na parede anterior da vagina. Na citologia vaginal foram observadas células de tipo glandular atípicas, com características de adenocarcinoma, sem outras especificações. A biópsia realizada posteriormente mostrou um adenocarcinoma da vagina. Não há informação clínica acerca de uma possível exposição intrauterina ao composto dietilestilbestrol.
A method for automatic gamelan music composition
Authors: Hastuti Khafiizh , Mustafa Khabib
Published: July 2017

Aim of this study is designing a method for automatic gamelan music composition using rule-base expert system approach. The program is designed for non-expert user in order to help them composing gamelan music or analyzing their composition to achieve explanation and recommendation of ideal composition. There are 2 essential components in this method, which are knowledge and inference. Knowledge is represented into basic knowledge and melodic knowledge. Basic knowledge contains rules that control the structure of gamelan song, and melodic knowledge supports system in composing or analyzing notations sequence that fit the characteristics of melody in gamelan music. Basic knowledge represents basic rules of gamelan music that have quantitative value, so deterministic approach is used for basic knowledge acquisition. Melodic knowledge consists of dynamic data, so stochastic approach is used to create the melodic knowledge base. The rules of composing and analyzing a composition are defined based on basic knowledge and melodic knowledge. The inference engine is designed to compose and analyze a composition. Automatic composition for gamelan music is proposed using Generate and Test method (GAT) with random technique, and composition analysis is proposed using backward chaining method
Exploring natural language understanding in robotic interfaces
Authors: Giachos Ioannis , Papakitsos Evangelos C. , Chorozoglou Georgios
Published: July 2017

Natural Language Understanding is a major aspect of the intelligence of robotic systems. A main goal of improving their artificial intelligence is to allow a robot to ask questions, whenever the given instructions are not complete, and also by using implicit information. These enhanced communicational abilities can be based on the voids of an output data structure that corresponds to a systemic-semantic model of language communication, as grammar formalism. In addition, the enhancing process also improves the learning abilities of a robot. Accordingly, the presented herein experimental project was conducted by using a simulated (by a plain PC) robot and a simple constructed language that facilitated semantic orientation.
Application of the Principles of Energy Exchanges to the Rail Freight Sector
Authors: Jain Anuradha , Bruckmann Dirk
Published: July 2017

One of the major goals of the European Union's transport policy is to increase the market share of rail freight transports. With the Internet, globalization, and just-in-time production, the future of freight transport has moved to high-value and lightweight goods. Rail freight has had difficulty entering this market. Thus, a multipronged strategy is required for improving the rail freight market in which freight is consolidated and transported in Europe by encouraging new players to enter the market. A key pillar of this strategy is the introduction of freight exchanges that are based on principles similar to those of power exchanges. The latter are already well established and operational in the energy sector. This paper describes the market and operational requirements for efficient and reliable freight exchanges in the European freight market from which the rail sector can profit. Lessons learned from the energy sector were reviewed and applied in the context of the rail freight sector in this study. The analysis implies that for rail freight to function, as a pre requisite the freight exchanges would need to provide high liquidity in the market and be neutral to all parties, including shippers and forwarders. Furthermore, to facilitate competition, such exchanges would have to send price signals in the market like power exchanges do. The exchanges would allow automatic bidding, and the transaction process would be efficient and reliable. The rail freight operators would need to provide standardized indistinguishable products to serve as commodities on the freight exchanges.
Logistics Chain Modeling for Urban Freight
Authors: Sakai Takanori , Kawamura Kazuya , Hyodo Tetsuro
Published: July 2017

In existing freight models, the choice of locations for logistics facilities and the choice of logistics facilities for routing the shipments are often treated without distinction, although these two decisions are separate and affected by different factors. In this paper, models for choosing a logistics facility are developed that match truck trip ends with logistics facilities by using a large urban freight survey data from the Tokyo Metropolitan Area. The models can be used to estimate truck traffic flows associated with transshipments. The urban portion of the logistics chains was categorized into five types of movements, and 30 models were developed to analyze six commodity groups separately. The results indicated that the proposed approach could capture the mechanism of the selection of a logistics facility by movement and commodity type. The tests for the reproducibility of the models warrant the future use of the models for analysis of urban freight demand.
Interlinking Vissim and ns-3 for Connected Vehicle Simulation: Case Study of Intelligent Dilemma Zone Avoidance
Authors: Songchitruksa Praprut , Sunkari Srinivasa , Ugalde Ines , Rosca Justinian , Aparicio Ojea Juan
Published: July 2017

The effects of realistic wireless communication are important for the modeling and evaluation of emerging connected and automated vehicle applications. This paper discusses the development of a novel closed-loop connected vehicle analysis system (CONVAS) interlinking Vissim microscopic traffic simulation and ns-3 wireless communication simulation. In CONVAS, ns-3 uses Vissim’s vehicle positions for wireless modeling and in turn Vissim uses the packet reception from ns-3 to modify vehicle behaviors. The authors propose an application for intelligent avoidance of the dilemma zone to demonstrate the use of the platform for modeling connected and automated vehicles and to illustrate the effects of communications on the application performance. A simulation experiment was conducted with a test bed for an isolated high-speed, fixed-time signalized intersection with different communication model configurations. The evaluation results showed that the effectiveness of the application as measured by successful clearing of vehicles from the dilemma zone depended greatly on performance of wireless communication.
Where Should the Patients go for Biochemical Investigations?
Authors: Biswas SK , Arslan MI
Published: July 2017

Abstract not availableBangladesh J Med Biochem 2015; 8(1): 3-4
Trace Minerals and Heavy Metals: Implications in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Shah SIA
Published: July 2017

Dietary minerals and environmental heavy metals are modifiable factors that have been studied over the years for associations with prostate cancer risk. This review consideres the recent evidence in this field and concludes that the role of dietary minerals and environmental elements in prostate cancer progression or prevention is not yet clear and further research is needed to elaborate on the current knowledge.Bangladesh J Med Biochem 2015; 8(1): 27-32
Association of 25-OH Cholecalciferol with Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Islam ME , Majumder M , Debnath BC , Serajuddin K , Hossain MS
Published: July 2017

In addition to its well known role on mineral homeostasis, vitamin-D has many diverse actions including anti-inflammatory, relaxation of vascular smooth muscle cells and downregulation of renal renin production. Deficiency of Vitamin-D is a treatable condition that has been found to be associated with coronary artery disease. This study was carried out to assess the vitamin-D status in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. Active form of vitamin-D (1, 25-OH D3, calcitriol) does not reflect vitamin-D status due to its short plasma half life. 25-OH D3 or calcidiol is considered as circulating reservoir and is used to assess vitamin-D status due to its long plasma half life. In this study 25-hydroxycholecalciferol [25 (OH)D3] was assessed in 40 acute myocardial infarction patients and 40 age- and sexmatched healthy subjects. Serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol and Lipid profile parameters were estimated. Data were analyzed with the help of SPSS version 20.0. Vitamin-D was found to be significantly reduced in AMI patients when compared with that of Controls which were 28.50±16.68 ng/l in cases and 38.32±16.47 ng/l in Controls, p=0.011. Blood pressure, total Cholesterol and LDL-Cholesterol were found significantly higher in AMI compared to those among healthy controls. Among all study subjects, statistically significant positive correlation of 25(OH)D3 was found with HDL-C (p=0.014). Significant negative correlation was found with serum TC (p=0.001) and LDL-C (p <0.001). Serum TG was found negatively correlated with 25-hydroxycholecalciferol but it was not statitiscaly significant (p=0.068). In our study Vitamin-D deficiency was found to be significantly associated with myocardial infarction, dyslipidemia and hypertension.Bangladesh J Med Biochem 2015; 8(2): 55-59
Genetic variability, correlation and path coefficients of yield and its components analysis in pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch Ex Poir)
Authors: Mohsin GM , Islam MS , Rahman MS , Ali L , Hasanuzzaman M
Published: July 2017

Genetic variability, correlation and path coefficient were studied for yield and yield component traits in twenty one diverse genotypes of pumpkin. Highest genotypic coefficient of variation was recorded for fruit length (cm), single fruit weight (kg), Brix (%) and yield per plant (kg). Heritability estimates in broad sense were higher for almost all the characters. The characters namely, fruit length, single fruit weight, yield per plant and brix% had high genotypic coefficient of variation coupled with heritability gave high genetic advance expressed as percentage of mean ranged from 76.84 to 96.06 which indicated that these characters were less influenced by environment confirming additive gene action, and therefore, selection of these characters would be more effective for yield improvement of pumpkins. Total six traits likely fruit length, fruit diameter, flesh thickness, single fruit weight and number of fruits per plant were positively and significantly associated with yield per plant. Path coefficient analysis also revealed maximum contribution of single fruit weight (0.869) to yield and this was followed by the contribution of number of fruit per plant (0.527) at genotypic level.Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 7 (1): 8-13, June, 2017
Assemblage Theory, or, the Future of an Illusion
Authors: Buchanan Ian
Published: July 2017

If the development of assemblage theory does not need to be anchored in the work of Deleuze and Guattari, as increasingly seems to be the case in the social sciences, then cannot one say that the future of assemblage theory is an illusion? It is an illusion in the sense that it continues to act as though the concept was invented by Deleuze and Guattari, but because it does not feel obligated to draw on their work in its actual operation or development, it cannot lay claim to being authentic. That this does not trouble certain scholars in the social sciences is troubling to me. So in this paper I offer first of all critique of this illusory synthetic version of the assemblage and accompany that with a short case study showing what can be gained by returning to Deleuze and Guattari.
Assessing Risks from Cyclones for Human Lives and Livelihoods in the Coastal Region of Bangladesh
Authors: Quader Mohammad , Khan Amanat , Kervyn Matthieu
Published: July 2017

As a disaster prone country, Bangladesh is regularly hit by natural hazards, including devastating cyclones, such as in 1970, 1991 and 2007. Although the number of cyclones’ fatalities reduced from 0.3 million in 1970 to a few thousand or fewer in recent events, loss of lives and impact on livelihoods remains a concern. It depends on the meteorological characteristics of cyclone and the general vulnerability and capacity of the exposed population. In that perspective, a spatially explicit risk assessment is an essential step towards targeted disaster risk reduction. This study aims at analyzing the spatial variation of the different factors contributing to the risk for coastal communities at regional scale, including the distribution of the hazards, exposure, vulnerability and capacity. An exploratory factor analysis method is used to map vulnerability contrasts between local administrative units. Indexing and ranking using geospatial techniques are used to produce maps of exposure, hazard, vulnerability, capacities and risk. Results show that vulnerable populations and exposed areas are distributed along the land sea boundary, islands and major inland rivers. The hazard, assessed from the density of historical cyclone paths, is highest in the southwestern part of the coast. Whereas cyclones shelters are shown to properly serve the most vulnerable populations as priority evacuation centers, the overall pattern of capacity accounting for building quality and road network shows a more complex pattern. Resultant risk maps also provide a reasonable basis from which to take further structural measures to minimize loss of lives in the upcoming cyclones.
Early Marriage and Barriers to Contraception among Syrian Refugee Women in Lebanon: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Cherri Zeinab , Gil Cuesta Julita , Rodriguez-Llanes Jose , Guha-Sapir Debarati
Published: July 2017

The Syrian conflict has displaced five million individuals outside their country with Lebanon hosting the largest numbers per capita. Around 24% of Syrian refugees fleeing to Lebanon are women of reproductive age (15–49). Yet, a better understanding of the sexual and reproductive health needs of Syrian refugee women in Lebanon is required to improve provided services. Eleven focus group discussions were conducted in four regions of Lebanon with 108 Syrian refugee women of reproductive age. Thematic analysis was used to examine the data. Interviewed women were mainly adults. They believed that, in Lebanon, they were subjected to early marriage compared to the norm in Syria due to their financial situation and uncertainty. Cost was reported as the main barrier to use contraception in Lebanon but some Syrian refugee women were not aware of free services covering sexual and reproductive health. In general, marriage, pregnancy, and family planning behavior of Syrian refugee women in Lebanon slightly differed from those in Syria pre-conflict in terms of age of marriage, conception subsequent to marriage, and contraception method. Hence, interventions to increase awareness of subsidized sexual and reproductive health services, including free contraceptives at primary health care centers, and those targeting protection from early marriage of Syrian refugee women in Lebanon are strongly recommended.
Disparities in Brain Cancer in the United States: A Literature Review of Gliomas
Authors: Persaud-Sharma Dharam , Burns Joseph , Trangle Jeran , Moulik Sabyasachi
Published: July 2017

In the human body, the central regulatory system of homeostasis is maintained by the brain. Its complexity is mesmerizing and many of its functions are largely uncharted. Unfortunately, its functionality is often impaired through neoplastic growths, like gliomas, which are devastating to patients and their families. Annually, gliomas are the most common primary brain tumours affecting over 20,000 people in the United States. However, despite their status as the third most common cause of cancer related death for individuals between ages 20 and 39, the aetiology of gliomas remains unknown. This paper aims to review the latest information regarding the 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) 4th edition classifications of gliomas, their malignant effects, and disparities within these classifications, as well as identify areas for further research. These suggestions for future inquiry may contribute to a better understanding of the pathology of these cancers enabling improvement in prevention, screening, and treatment.
The Association between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Gut Microbiota Composition in Premenopausal Women
Authors: Yang Yifan , Shi Yi , Wiklund Petri , Tan Xiao , Wu Na , Zhang Xiaobo , Tikkanen Olli , Zhang Chenhong , Munukka Eveliina , Cheng Sulin
Published: July 2017

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and gut microbiota composition in premenopausal women. The participants consisted of 71 premenopausal Finnish women (aged 19–49 years). Gut microbiota were analyzed using flow cytometry, 16S rRNA gene hybridization and DNA-staining. Maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) was assessed by respiratory gas analyzer and body composition by Bioimpdance. We found that participants with low VO2max had lower Bacteroides, but higher Eubacterium rectale-Clostridium coccoides than the high VO2max group (p < 0.05 for all). VO2max was inversely associated with EreC (r = −0.309, p = 0.01) but not with other bacteria. VO2max also negatively correlated with fat% (r = −0.755, p < 0.001), triglycerides (r = −0.274, p = 0.021) and leptin (r = −0.574, p < 0.001). By contrast, EreC was positively associated with fat% (r = 0.382, p = 0.002), dietary fat intake (r = 0.258, p = 0.034), triglycerides (r = 0.390, p = 0.002) and leptin (r = 0.424, p = 0.001), but negatively with carbohydrate intake (r = −0.252, p = 0.034) and HDL (r = −0.26, p = 0.028). After adjusting for age and dietary intake, all the significant associations remained. However, after adjusting for fat%, the associations between VO2max and EreC disappeared. Our results suggest that cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with gut microbiota composition, independent of age and carbohydrate or fat intake. The association between VO2max and EreC, however, appears to be mediated by body fatness.
New Matching Method for Accelerometers in Gravity Gradiometer
Authors: Wei Hongwei , Wu Meiping , Cao Juliang
Published: July 2017

The gravity gradiometer is widely used in mineral prospecting, including in the exploration of mineral, oil and gas deposits. The mismatch of accelerometers adversely affects the measuring precision of rotating accelerometer-based gravity gradiometers. Several strategies have been investigated to address the imbalance of accelerometers in gradiometers. These strategies, however, complicate gradiometer structures because feedback loops and re-designed accelerometers are needed in these strategies. In this paper, we present a novel matching method, which is based on a new configuration of accelerometers in a gravity gradiometer. In the new configuration, an angle was introduced between the measurement direction of the accelerometer and the spin direction. With the introduced angle, accelerometers could measure the centrifugal acceleration generated by the rotating disc. Matching was realized by updating the scale factors of the accelerometers with the help of centrifugal acceleration. Further simulation computations showed that after adopting the new matching method, signal-to-noise ratio improved from −41 dB to 22 dB. Compared with other matching methods, our method is more flexible and costs less. The matching accuracy of this new method is similar to that of other methods. Our method provides a new idea for matching methods in gravity gradiometer measurement.
miR-103 Functions as a Tumor Suppressor by Directly Targeting Programmed Cell Death 10 in NSCLC
Authors: Yang Dong , Wang Jian-Jun , Li Jin-Song , Xu Qian-Yu
Published: July 2017

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for about 85% of all lung cancer cases. Absence of miR-103 has recently been identified to be associated with metastatic capacity of primary lung tumors. However, the exact role of miR-103 in NSCLC and the molecular mechanism are unclear.
In the present study, we showed that miR-103 expression was reduced in NSCLC tissues and cells. miR-103 expression was negatively correlated with tumor size and stage. The overall survival was longer in patients with higher miR-103 level than in those with lower miR-103 expression. miR-103
inhibited cell proliferation in A549 cells, decreased tumor weight and volume, and prolonged survival of tumor-implanted nude mice. miR-103 increased apoptotic cell death in A549 cells. Furthermore, miR-103 decreased the invasion and migration abilities in A549 cells, as evidenced by Transwell
and wound healing results. Downregulation of miR-103 significantly reduced the level of programmed cell death 10 (PDCD10). We found a significant decrease in the relative luciferase activity of the reporter gene in A549 cells cotransfected with the miR-103 mimic and pGL3-PDCD10 WT 3′-UTR,
but not pGL3-PDCD10 mut 3′-UTR. We showed that overexpression of PDCD10 significantly inhibited miR-103-induced inhibition of cell proliferation, increased apoptosis, and decreased invasion and migration in A549 cells. Moreover, we found that PDCD10 expression was increased in NSCLC
tissues and cells. PDCD10 expression was positively correlated with tumor size and stage. Overexpression of PDCD10 increased cell proliferation and inhibited apoptosis in A549 cells. The data demonstrated that dysregulation of the miR-103/PDCD10 signal may be a novel therapeutic target for
the treatment of NSCLC.
A New Constraint on Reionization from the Evolution of the Lyα Luminosity Function at z ∼ 6–7 Probed by a Deep Census of z = 7.0 Lyα Emitter Candidates to 0.3L*
†
Authors: Ota Kazuaki , Iye Masanori , Kashikawa Nobunari , Konno Akira , Nakata Fumiaki , Totani Tomonori , Kobayashi Masakazu A. R. , Fudamoto Yoshinobu , Seko Akifumi , Toshikawa Jun , Ichikawa Akie , Shibuya Takatoshi , Onoue Masafusa
Published: July 2017

We detect 20 z = 7.0 Lyα emitter (LAE) candidates to L(Lyα) ∼ 2 × 1042 erg s−1 or 0.3

L

z
=
7

*

and in a volume of 6.1 × 105 Mpc3 in the Subaru Deep Field and the Subaru/XMM-Newton Deep Survey field by 82 hr and 37 hr of Subaru Suprime-Cam narrowband NB973 and reddest optical y-band imaging. We compare their Lyα and UV luminosity functions (LFs) and densities and Lyα equivalent widths (EWs) to those of z = 5.7, 6.6, and 7.3 LAEs from previous Suprime-Cam surveys. The Lyα LF (density) rapidly declines by a factor of ×1.5 (1.9) in L(Lyα) at z = 5.7–6.6 (160 Myr), ×1.5 (1.6) at z = 6.6–7.0 (60 Myr) at the faint end, and ×2.0 (3.8) at z = 7.0–7.3 (40 Myr). Also, in addition to the systematic decrease in EW at z = 5.7–6.6 previously found, two-thirds of the z = 7.0 LAEs detected in the UV continuum exhibit lower EWs than the z = 6.6 ones. Moreover, while the UV LF and density do not evolve at z = 5.7–6.6, they modestly decline at z = 6.6–7.0, implying galaxy evolution contributing to the decline of the Lyα LF. Comparison of the z = 7.0 Lyα LF to the one predicted by an LAE evolution model further reveals that galaxy evolution alone cannot explain all of the decline of the Lyα LF. If we attribute the discrepancy to Lyα attenuation by neutral hydrogen, the intergalactic medium transmission of Lyα photons at z = 7.0 would be

T

Ly
α

IGM

≤
0.6
–
0.7

. It is lower (higher) than the

T

Ly
α

IGM

at z = 6.6 (7.3) derived by previous studies, suggesting rapid increase in neutral fraction at z > 6.
GRB 081024B and GRB 140402A: Two Additional Short GRBs from Binary Neutron Star Mergers
Authors: Aimuratov Y. , Ruffini R. , Muccino M. , Bianco C. L. , Penacchioni A. V. , Pisani G. B. , Primorac D. , Rueda J. A. , Wang Y.
Published: July 2017

Theoretical and observational evidences for a two-fold classification of short bursts have been recently obtained: (1) short gamma-ray flashes (S-GRFs), with isotropic energy

E

iso

<

10

52

erg and no black hole (BH) formation, and (2) authentic short gamma-ray bursts (S-GRBs), with isotropic energy

E

iso

>

10

52

erg showing evidence of BH formation in the binary neutron star merging process. The signature for BH formation is the onset of high-energy (0.1–100 GeV) emission, coeval to the prompt emission, in all S-GRBs. No GeV emission is expected nor observed in S-GRFs. In this paper, we present two S-GRBs, GRB 081024B and GRB 140402A, in addition to the already identified S-GRBs, GRB 090227B, GRB 090510, and GRB 140619B. We also return to the absence of GeV emission in the S-GRB 090227B, at an angle of

71
°

from the Fermi-LAT boresight. All of the correctly identified S-GRBs correlate with high-energy emission, implying no significant presence of beaming in GeV emission. The existence of a common power-law behavior in the GeV luminosities, following the BH formation, when measured in the source rest frame, points to a commonality in the mass and spin of the newly formed BHs in all S-GRBs.
Statistical Distributions of Optical Flares from Gamma-Ray Bursts
Authors: Yi Shuang-Xi , Yu Hai , Wang F. Y. , Dai Zi-Gao
Published: July 2017

We statistically study gamma-ray burst (GRB) optical flares from the Swift/UVOT catalog. We compile 119 optical flares, including 77 flares with redshift measurements. Some tight correlations among the timescales of optical flares are found. For example, the rise time is correlated with the decay time, and the duration time is correlated with the peak time of optical flares. These two tight correlations indicate that longer rise times are associated with longer decay times of optical flares and also suggest that broader optical flares peak at later times, which are consistent with the corresponding correlations of X-ray flares. We also study the frequency distributions of optical flare parameters, including the duration time, rise time, decay time, peak time, and waiting time. Similar power-law distributions for optical and X-ray flares are found. Our statistic results imply that GRB optical flares and X-ray flares may share the similar physical origin, and both of them are possibly related to central engine activities.
Lichen Simplex Chronicus as an Essential Part of the Dermatologic Masquerade
Authors: Voicu Cristiana , Tebeica Tiberiu , Zanardelli Matteo , Mangarov Hristo , Lotti Torello , Wollina Uwe , Lotti Jacopo , França Katlein , Batashki Atanas , Tchernev Georgi
Published: July 2017

A 48 years old female patient had been suffering from the lesions presented  for four years. They have started as small, pruritic patches which had been mechanically irritated and grew up in time. The patient had no associated comorbidities or allergies, and she was not under any medication. On physical examination, she presented one erythematous, exudative plaque, with dimensions of 2.5/4 cm, located on the proximal phalanx and interphalangeal articulation of the left thumb. All histopathological  features were consistent with the diagnosis of lichen simplex chronicus. Some lesions of lichen simplex chronicus exhibit signs of pseudocarcinomatous, infundibular and sometimes eccrine ductal proliferation of keratinocytes. Although the pseudoinfiltrative aspect of the epithelial proliferation and its pronounced degree might mimic a well-differentiated lesion of squamous cell carcinoma, a lack of cellular atypia and atypical mitotic figures are features that do not support this diagnosis. On the other hand, long lasting lesions of lichen simplex chronicus may lead to alterations in the processes of keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation and eventually give rise to malignant transformation. The best treatment management is a psychodermatological approach, a combination of skin care with psychotherapy, in order to prevent relapses.
Pérennité et transformations de la frontière syrienne
Authors: Vignal Leïla
Published: July 2017

En 2017, le conflit syrien n’a pas bouleversé l’ordre politique et territorial au Moyen-Orient tel qu’incarné dans ses frontières internationales. La frontière de la Syrie n’a pas éclaté sous l’effet de la guerre qui déchire le pays, et elle continue de former une ligne inscrite dans l’ordre juridique international. A cette pérennité formelle et juridique se conjuguent pourtant des changements profonds de cette frontière, et qui sont sans doute durables : changements qui affectent à la fois sa nature, ses fonctions, sa gestion et ses pratiques, et qui se retrouvent depuis l’échelle locale jusqu’à l’échelle internationale.
Raqqa, capitale de la révolution puis de l’État islamique : les frontières contestées d’une ville syrienne
Authors: Ababsa Myriam
Published: July 2017

Cinquième ville de Syrie, négligée par le régime et appauvrie, Raqqa a été la première ville à se libérer du régime syrien en mars 2013 avec l’aide de l’Armée syrienne libre et de forces salafistes. Les notables ont alors rappelé qu’ils avaient pu organiser en 1919 un Etat autonome à Raqqa. Mais dès, l’automne 2013, Raqqa tombe aux mains de l’État islamique. La proclamation du Califat dans cette ville s’explique pour des raisons tactiques (taille réduite, faiblesse militaire) mais aussi du fait de son importance historique, comme ancienne capitale de l’Empire abbasside.
L’Azawad comme enjeu des négociations de paix au Mali : quel statut pour un territoire contesté ?
Authors: Poupart Pauline
Published: July 2017

Cet article 1  s’interroge sur le contenu idéologique et politique porté par l’idée d’Azawad pour qualifier le Nord du Mali. Cette appellation a été une des questions délicates à aborder dans le processus de paix pour mettre fin au conflit entre groupes armés et autorités maliennes, entre 2012 et 2015, et illustre les rapports complexes dans la définition du territoire entre le Nord et le Sud du pays.
Du local au national : une nouvelle approche des pertes de 1914-1918 par département
Authors: Beau Laurent
Published: July 2017

Dans la mémoire collective de la guerre de 1914-1918, les soldats paysans auraient bien plus versé leur sang que les habitants des villes et leur population d’ouvriers, notamment à Paris. Il a pourtant toujours été difficile d’établir un chiffrage précis des pertes de guerre par département. Ceux qui l’ont tenté se sont fondés sur la comparaison avec la population masculine du département recensée en 1911. En partant de l’analyse statistique des monuments aux morts d’un canton du Cantal, l’article change de base et prend en compte les mouvements de population intervenus dans les années précédant la guerre (exode rural, concentration dans les centres urbains industrialisés), ce qui invite à remettre en cause l’approche résidentielle généralement utilisée. En adoptant une approche démographique, basée sur la population active masculine selon le département de naissance des soldats morts pendant la guerre, les écarts se trouvent sensiblement réduits : on découvre une moindre saignée des départements ruraux et une augmentation sensible des pertes de certains départements fortement industrialisés. C’est une nouvelle carte des pertes en France qui se dessine, dont les écarts qui subsistent ouvrent la voie à des recherches ultérieures.
La folie des règles
Authors: Colin Bertrand
Published: July 2017

La « folie des règles » est jouable pour autant que s’y joue une dualité constitutive de la règle entre la séduction qu’elle exerce et l’interdit qu’elle énonce. Cela vaut pour la règle fondamentale. Mais aussi pour les réglages du cadre. « Don de soi » et « capacité à être seul(e) en présence de l’autre », à définir comme deux autres paradoxes, se trouvent convoqués ensemble dans le moment d’incontournable « renoncement pulsionnel » où se construit, se rappelle, se met en crise et gagne en signification, une règle du jeu de l’analyse.
Singularité d’un traitement psychanalytique imposé
Authors: Adomnicai Irina
Published: July 2017

À partir de la clinique d’une cure psychanalytique, l’auteur discute les conditions de guérison d’une névrose traumatique par le biais de la perversion. La fixation à une imago de mère phallique permet de rendre compte métapsychologiquement de l’échec dans l’introjection anale du phallus paternel. Mécanisme psychique qui bloque, tout particulièrement chez le garçon, l’efficience du complexe de castration comme celle de l’Œdipe.
De l’excès, du trauma et de l’impuissance : répétition et transformations
Authors: Jozef Perelberg Rosine
Published: July 2017

Dans son œuvre, Freud établit un lien entre le surcroît d’excitation, l’état de détresse du nourrisson, et le traumatisme. L’idée d’excès accentue un élément quantitatif, non réductible au domaine de la représentation. Dans cet article, j’explore les notions d’excès et de désinvestissement à partir de deux cas cliniques. Je mets en relief le rôle de la temporalité dans la création d’un espace tiers dans le processus analytique puisqu’il relie l’ ici et maintenant avec l’ ailleurs et l’ autre fois dans le travail de l’après-coup.
A Framework for Supporting In-Service Teachers to Use Domain-Specific Technologies for Instruction
Authors: Yarnall Louise , Fusco Judith
Published: July 2017

Domain-specific technologies, which are used for analysis, representation, and production in real-world contexts, differ from basic technologies, such as word processing software and Internet search tools. They cannot be used effectively without adequate command of fundamental domain-specific content knowledge. They can be used to deepen students' understanding of content, but these technologies bring distinct classroom-integration challenges. This chapter presents a framework for supporting in-service teachers to integrate these technologies. The research team derived this framework from data collected during an extended TPACK-style (Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge) workshop that engaged 13 life science community college instructors in integrating bioinformatics technologies into courses. This chapter presents a case study about the challenges community college teachers faced in implementing these tools—and the strategies they used to address them. Challenges included activity translation, problem definition, implementation, and assessment.