bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic Effect of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) on Depression: A comprehensive review
Authors: Ibrahim Mohammad , Pawar Ganesh , Khan Nazia , Gudalwar Bhushan , Khan Shabina , Mazhar Mohd
Published: January 2024

Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera), which is widely used in Ayurveda and other system of medicine, is best known for its ability to reduce depression and associated problems. Notably, important constituents of the body such as enzymes are intimately associated with the chemicals present in plants; hence supplementation is necessary to maintain overall health. In this study, reports of experimental studies were collected primarily from various scientific sources like Scopus, Springer, PubMed, Google Scholar etc. The findings of the review suggested that AS extract and its phytoconstituents significantly reduced depression and also modulated oxidative stress and inflammation which play a major role in neurological disorders including depression. The growing amount of research on ashwagandha emphasizes its potential as a useful natural depression remedy. However, further preclinical and clinical research is necessary to substantiate present observations to establish better methods for assessing the ashwagandha safety, effectiveness, bioavailability, purity, and precise mechanisms of action.
PENGARUH KOMUNIKASI KELOMPOK DAN LINGKUNGAN KELUARGA TERHADAP MOTIVASI UMAT DATANG KE VIHARA MAJELIS NICHIREN SHOSHU BUDDHA DHARMA INDONESIA (MNS BDI) EKS-KARESIDENAN SURAKARTA
Authors: Sari Siti rosita
Published: January 2024

Eksistensi umat Buddha Majelis Nichiren Shoshu Buddha Dharma Indonesia (MNS BDI) Eks-Karesidenan Surakarta salah satunya dapat dilihat dari kegiatan di vihara. Motivasi umat Buddha MNS BDI untuk datang kevihara dipengaruhioleh beberapa faktor. Dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengetahui seberapa  besar pengaruh komunikasi kelompok terhadap motivasi umat Buddha MNS BDI datang ke viharadi Eks-Karesidenan Surakarta. (2) mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh lingkungan keluarga terhadap motivasi umat Buddha MNS BDI datang ke viharadi Eks-Karesidenan Surakarta. (3) mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh komunikasi kelompok dan lingkungan keluarga terhadap motivasi umat Buddha MNS BDI datang ke vihara di Eks-Karesidenan Surakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian regresi berganda yang dilakukan di Eks-karesidenan Surakarta pada bulan Januari- Juli 2020. Populasi pada Penelitian ini adalah seluruh Umat Buddha Majelis Nichiren Shoshu Buddha Dharma Indonesia di Eks-Karesidenan Surakarta, sedangkan sampel yang digunakan adalah 80 umat Buddha Majelis Nichiren Shoshu Buddha Dharma Indonesia di Eks-Karesidenan Surakarta dengan menggunakan teknik Stratified random sampling. Teknik dan instrumen pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan angket. Angket digunakan untuk mengukur masing – masing variabel motivasi, komunikasi kelompok dan lingkungan keluarga. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan dan analisis data menunjukan bahwa adanya pengaruh komunikasi kelompok terhadap motivasi umat datang ke vihara di Eks-Karesidenan Surakarta sebesar 0,396. Tidak terdapat pengaruh lingkungan keluarga terhadap motivasi umat datang ke vihara di Eks-Karesidenan Surakartasebesar 0,084. Sedangkan pengaruh Komunikasi Kelompok dan Lingkungan Keluarga terhadap motivasi umat datang ke vihara di Eks-Karesidenan Surakartasebesar 23,9%.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI MINAT PEMUDA BUDDHIS VIHARA VAJRA BUMI SATYA DHARMA VIRYA TEMANGGUNG DALAM MELAKSANAKAN PUJA BAKTI SORE
Authors: Yamiyati
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi minat pemuda Buddhis Vihara Vajra Bumi Satya Dharma Virya dalam mengikuti puja bakti sore. Ketidakaktifan pemuda menunjukkan sikap yang berbeda dalam masyarakat dan berdampak terhadap pemuda vihara sekitar dalam meneladani sisi positif yang ada. Sehingga perlu diketahui faktor yang mempengaruhi hal tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kasus kualitatif yang dilakukan di Vihara Vajra Bumi Satya Dharma ViryaTemanggung. Teknik pengumpualan data menggunakan observasi, dokumentasi dan wawancara.

Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa minat pemuda diVihara Vajra Bumi Satya Dharma Virya dalam mengikuti puja bakti di vihara dipengaruhi oleh faktor penghambat dan pendukung. 1). Faktor pendukung antara lain: a). Adanya kegiatan di Vihara yang menarik dan membangkitkan minat pemuda dalam mengikuti puja bakti; b). Adanya dukungan dari tokoh agama; c). Adanya dukungan dari orang tua; d). Pemahaman yang benar dari pribadi pemuda. 2). Faktor penghambat antara lain: a) Pemuda mengikuti kegiatan di luar daerah; b). Pemuda malas untuk datang ke viharadanmelaksanakan puja bakti di rumah; c). Adanya pandangan salah pada pemuda yang menyatakan tentang puja bakti; d). Aktivitas harian yang menjadikan pemuda lelah dan enggan untuk mengikuti puja bakti.
PERUBAHAN SOSIAL UMAT BUDDHA PADA SISTEM KEKERABATAN KEGIATAN ANJANGSANA
Authors: Riswanto
Published: January 2024

Masalah yang akan dipecahkan dalam penelititian ini adalah bentuk perubahan sosial umat Buddha pada sistem kekerabatan kegiatan anjangsana dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kegiatan anjangsana. Objek penelitian yang diambil dalam penelitian ini adalah umat Buddha yang mengikuti kegiatan anjangsana di Dusun Toleh. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data mengunakan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data mengunakan teknik trianggulasi data.Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini adalah bentuk perubahan sosial pada kegiatan anjangsana di Dusun Toleh, yaitu dalam hal kegiatan anjangsana konsep baru lebih bervariatif, dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perubahan sosial yaitu komunikasi, geografis, dan inovasi. Serta dampak perubahan sosial yang ditimbulkan antara lain meningkatnya kualitas keyakinan, meningkatnya kesadaran umat, meningkatnya kekerabatan, meningkatnya solidaritas, meningkatnya loyalitas dan meningkatnya toleransi.
TRADISI MOMONGAN DAN RELEVANSINYA DENGAN NILAI-NILAI DASA PARAMITA
Authors: Padma Diani
Published: January 2024

Abstrak

Tradisi momongan merupakan tradisi yang dilakukan sejak nenek moyang ada, yang dilaksanakan selapan atau 35 hari sekali melalui serangkaian ritual yang penuh makna. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan makna simbol dan nlai tradisi momongan.

Penelitian ini berjenis kualitatif dengan pendekatan semiotika rolnad barthes. Metode pengambilan data adalah observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi, serta metode pengambilan sampel  purposive sampling.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan simbol yang ditemukan dalam tradisi momongan memiliki dua bentuk yaitu bentuk verbal dan nonverbal. Bentuk verbal paritta dan doa Jawa. Bentuk nonverbal terdapat dua kelompok kebiasaan dan benda. Makna simbol nonverbal adalah penghormatan  kepada Tiratna, perlindungan, dan kesejahteraan hidup. Makna simbol nonverbal  cenderung mengartikan sifat manusia serta ajaran melakukan kebajikan dengan bersyukur, cinta kasih, memberi, dan kesejahteraan hidup. Relevansi tradisi momongan dalam Dasa Paramita adalah terdapat nilai-nilai murah hati, disiplin moral, pengunduran diri dari keduniawian, kebijaksanaan, semangat dan usaha, kesabaran, kejujuran dan kebenaran, kebulatan tekad, cinta kasih, dan keseimbangan.
MAKNA TRADISI MANISAN MASYARAKAT UMAT BUDDHA DI DUSUN LEGOK DESA MANDIRAJA WETAN KECAMATAN MANDIRAJA KABUPATEN BANJARNEGARA
Authors: Tugiman  , Ngadat
Published: January 2024

Tradisi manisan merupakan salah satu tradisi yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat Desa Mandiraja Wetan. Tradisi ini dilakukan secara turun temurun dari nenek moyang sebagai bentuk penghormatan pada leluhur yang dilakukan di Makam Keputihan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahu alasan mendasar mengapat tradisi manisan masih lestari sampai saat. Selain itu penelitian ini akan menguraikan proses bagaimana tradisi dilaksanakan oleh masyarakat umat Buddha di Desa Mandiraja Wetan Kabupaten Banjarnegara Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatatif deskriptif. Cara pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, dokumentasi dan observasi. Data yang sudah diperoleh peneliti akan dinalisis dan disimpulkan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah tradisi manisan dilakukan oleh masyarakat umat Buddha di Desa Mandiraja Wetan karena dapat memberikan kesejahteraan dan kemakmuran. Tradisi dilakukan dengan cara memberikan sesaji yang diberikan di makan keputihan yang dilakukan bersama juri kunci makan kemudian diberi doa dan dibacakan paritta suci. Implikasi tradisi manisan bagi masyrakat umat buddha di Desa Mandiraja Wetan diterimannya kalangan masyarakat dari berbagai golongan muda dan tua. Hal tersebut dikarenakan faktor utama yang paling penting dalam membuktikan suatu ajaran adalah dengan penyelidikan atau investigasi berdasarkan Pandangan Benar (sammaditthi). Menurut Buddha, investigasi kebenaran (dhammawicaya) atau membuka pandangan merupakan dasar bagi pencerahan dan kebahagiaan sejati. Tanpa ada keinginan untuk membuka diri dan berusaha untuk membebaskan pandangan dari ketidaktahuan, seseorang pasti diliputi ketidakbahagiaan.
MAKNA SIMBOLIK TUMPENG DALAM SELAMATAN DAN NILAI-NILAI AJARAN BUDDHA PADA MASYARAKAT UMAT BUDDHA DI KULON PROGO
Authors: Ngadat
Published: January 2024

Masyarakat Indonesia khususnya masyarakat Jawa sampai saat ini masih memegang dan nguri-uri budaya leluhur. Salah satu budaya leluhur yang masih dilestarikan adalah penggunaan tumpeng dalam setiap selamatan yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat khususnya umat Buddha di Kabupaten Kulon Progo. Budaya jawa dan ajaran agama Buddha memiliki merupakan budaya yang berbeda tetapi dalam praktik dalam masyarakat budaya dan agama Buddha dapat berjalan secara berdampingan. Perbedaan dari dua budaya tersebut saling berakulturasi satu dengan lainnya perbedaan budaya dan ajaran agama Buddha. Hal tersebut menjadi dasar dalam penelitian mengapa budaya penggunaan tumpeng dalam selamatan masih dilakukan oleh masyarakat jawa khususnya umat Buddha di Kabupaten Kulon Progo khu, Bagaimana proses selamatan dengan menggunakan tumpeng, serta nilai-nilai tumpeng dalam ajaran agama Buddha dalam masyarakat umat Buddha di Kabupaten Kulon Progo.

Tujuan penelitian adalah menguraikan makna simbolik yang terkadung dalam tumpeng sehingga masih lestari, menguraikan proses pelaksanaan selamatan dengan menggunakan tumpeng, serta menjelaskan nilai-nilai tumpeng dalam ajaran Agama Buddha.  Agar tujuan penelitian dapat dicapai peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian lapangan. Peneliti melakukan pengambilan data dengan tiga tahap yaitu melalui observasi, dokumentasi, dan wawancara sebagai data yang akan diolah dan dianalisis dan menjadi simpulan dalam peneitian ini.  Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Budaya tumpeng sebagai simbul metu dalan sing lempeng artinya ini petunjuk bagi masyarakat yang melakukan, selain itu proses selamatan tumpengan dilakukan dengan mengkolaborasikan dengan menggunakan tradisi jawa dengan menggunakans sesepuh lingkungan masyarakat dan dengan tradisi pembacaan paritta manggala sera nilai ajaran buddha yang terkandung dalam selamatan tumpeng adalah penghormatan pada luluhur, dengan berfikir, berucap dan bertindak baik.
MAKNA SIMBOLIK ALTAR KLENTENG AN HWA TIAN
Authors: Steffi Veronika Honger
Published: January 2024

Umat Buddha Tridharma Klenteng An Hwa Tian masih banyak yang belum memahami makna simbolik pada altar dan keterlibatan makna altar sesungguhnya bagi umat di Kabupaten Kotabaru. Hal ini ditunjukkan karena memang tidak adanya pemberian pembelajaran mengenai makna simbolik pada tiap altar di klenteng. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : (1) mendeskripsikan bentuk altar di Klenteng An HwaTian. (2) mendeskripsikan makna simbolik altar di Klenteng An Hwa Tian. (3) mendeskripsikan implikasi makna altar di Klenteng An Hwa Tian bagi umat Buddha di Kotabaru.

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi deskriptif yang dilakukan di Klenteng An Hwa Tian Kabupaten Kotabaru Kalimantan Selatan. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, dokumentasi, observasi. Adapun teknik untuk menentukan informan digunakan metode purposive sampling, dimana peneliti menentukan jumlah informan sejumlah 7 orang yang terdiri dari 3 pengurus, yaitu dianggap sebagai informan kunci dan 4 umat Buddha yang memberikan data tambahan terkait makna simbolik altar kelenteng An Hwa Tian.

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa, a) bentuk pada altar terdapat lima bentuk yaitu bentuk langit, rumah, goa, pagoda, alam semesta. b) ada 10 altar altar dengan rupang dan makna yang berbeda. Altar pertama adalah Ye Huang Ta Tie (Thien Kung/Tuhan), altar kedua adalah Kong Tek Cun Ong (Dewa Tuan Rumah), altar ketiga adalah Thien Sang Sen Mu (Dewi Penguasa Lautan), altar keempat adalah Kwan Se Im Posat (Dewi Welas Asih), altar kelima Hok Tek Cin Sin (Dewa Bumi), altar keenam Hoe Ciang (Dewa Hutan), altar ketujuh Kwan Kong (Dewa Panglima), altar kedelapan San Sen (Dewa Gunung dan Pengobatan), altar kesembilan Tri Dharma (Konghucu, Buddha, Maha Dewa), altar kesepuluh Semienfo (Dewa Brahma). c) Implikasi dari makna altar di Klenteng An Hwa Tian diantaranya: umat memiliki sikap religi dengan cara terus menjaga, menghormati, menjalankan tradisi etnis Tionghoa yang sudah menjadi turun-temurun di Klenteng An Hwa Tian, selain itu umat juga memberikan persembahan pada setiap altar saat sedang memperingati hari-hari penting dan lainnya
MUHAMMET MUSTAFA BAYRAKTAR. Öğretim Materyalleri ve Din Öğretiminde Somut Materyal Örnekleri. Ankara: Nobel Yayınları, 2023, 196.
Authors: CEYLAN Tuncay
Published: January 2024

Öğretim materyalleri etkili ve verimli öğrenmelerin gerçekleşmesini sağlayarak öğrencilerin etkin katılımına yönelik öğretim ortamları sunmaktadır. Öğretim materyalleri konusunda teori ve uygulama bütünlüğünde yapılan çalışmalar öğrenci ve öğretmenlere önemli kolaylıklar sağlamaktadır. Muhammet Mustafa Bayraktar tarafından kaleme alınan ‘Öğretim Materyalleri ve Din Öğretiminde Somut Materyal Önekleri’ isimli kitabın da benzer bir yaklaşımla hazırlandığı söylenebilir. Kitap, giriş, iki bölüm ve sonuç/öneriler şeklinde tasarlanmıştır. Giriş bölümünde çalışmanın konusu, problemi, amacı, önemi ve yöntemi ele alınmıştır. Birinci bölümde, öğretim materyalleri ve din öğretiminde öğretim materyallerinin kullanımı temaları irdelenerek çalışmanın kavramsal çerçevesi oluşturulmuştur. İkinci bölümde araştırma bulguları incelenmiştir. Buna göre Kırşehir Ahi Evran Üniversitesi İslami İlimler Fakültesinde Öğretim Teknolojileri ve Materyal Tasarımı dersini alan Din Kültürü ve Ahlak Bilgisi öğretmen adaylarının katılım ve katkılarıyla düzenlenen Din Öğretimi Materyalleri Sergisine ilişkin öğretmen adaylarının görüşleri ve sergide sundukları öğretim materyalleri incelenmiştir. Kitabın sonuç ve öneriler kısmında ise düzenlenen sergiye yönelik çıkarımlar yapılıp değerlendirilmiş ve benzer bir sergi düzenlenirken göz önünde bulundurulacak öneriler geliştirilmiştir. Kitap, din öğretiminde öğretim materyallerinin kullanılması konusunda uygulamaya yönelik bir kılavuz niteliği taşımaktadır.
relationship between the dimensions of the quality of work life and the level of job satisfaction of workers within health institutions
Authors: Alalawla Ali Salem , Madkhali Nabil Hussain , Seqamy Abeer Mushkhas Abdullah Al , Zari Jawhara Muhammad Muhammad , Alkhabbaz Noor Khaled Essa , Aldossari Haya Belal , Alhosa Alaweyia Ishaq Ibraheem , Aldossary Ohoad Belal
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to identify the quality of work life at Al-Rass General Hospital, as well as the job satisfaction of the employees at Al-Rass General Hospital, and the impact of work life quality on their job satisfaction. The study employed a descriptive analytical method. The population of the current study consisted of all employees at Al-Rass General Hospital, and due to the difficulty of conducting a comprehensive census, the study used a simple random sampling method. The sample size was 143 individuals who answered the questionnaire. The results showed that there is a moderate level of salaries and benefits at Al-Rass General Hospital with a value of 2.821 and a deviation of 1.110, as well as a moderate level of providing stability and job security requirements at Al-Rass General Hospital with a value of 2.748 and a deviation of 1.084, and a moderate level of work environment at Al-Rass General Hospital with a value of 3.120 and a deviation of 1.087, and a moderate level of work life quality at Al-Rass General Hospital with a value of 2.936 and a deviation of 1.091.
Using Optimized Long Short-Term Memory For Time-Series Forecasting of Electric Vehicles Battery Charging
Authors: Figueroa Alfredo Tumi Figueroa , Ghanimi Hayder M A , M Senthil Raja , D Shamia , Ray Samrat , Surco Jorge Ramos
Published: January 2024

The last decade has seen a significant rise in the adoption and development of Electric Vehicles (EVs), driven by environmental concerns, technological advancements, and governmental support. Batteries, central to EVs, have witnessed groundbreaking innovations in terms of energy density, charging speeds, and longevity. Expanding charging infrastructure and the automotive industry's investment in EV research have made them more mainstream. Effective Battery Management (BM), which includes monitoring essential parameters and thermal management, is critical for the longevity and reliability of EVs. Accurate charge prediction, in particular, aids in trip planning, reduces range anxiety and facilitates cost-effective charging coordinated with dynamic electricity pricing. Traditional models like linear regression and Autor-Rgressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) have been standard for EV battery charge prediction. However, these often struggle with the dynamic nature of EV charging data. Even models like the vanilla Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), which are adept at recognizing long-term patterns, require meticulous hyperparameter tuning. This work introduces the DWT-DE-LSTM model, which utilizes the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) to dissect battery charging data at different resolutions and a Differential Evolution (DE) strategy for model optimization. Tests using the Panasonic 18650PF Li-ion Battery Dataset revealed the superior efficacy of the DWT-DE-LSTM model, emphasizing its suitability for real-world battery charge prediction.
Enhancing Renewable Energy Storage Conversion Efficiency using ERFE with FFNN
Authors: Condori Elqui Yeye Pari , Koteswara Rao Ganga Rama , Abdulkader Rasheed , V Kiran Kumar , Jeyaraj Josephine Pon Gloria , Ramos Estela Quispe
Published: January 2024

The 21st century witnesses a pivotal global shift towards Renewable Energy Sources (RES) to combat climate change. Nations are adopting wind, solar, hydro, and other sustainable energy forms. However, a primary concern is the inconsistent nature of these sources. Daily fluctuations, seasonal changes, and weather conditions sometimes make renewables like the sun and wind unreliable. The key to managing this unpredictability is efficient Energy Storage Systems (ESS), ensuring energy is saved during peak periods and used during low production times. However, existing ESSs are not flawless. Energy conversion and storage inefficiencies emerge due to temperature changes, inconsistent charge rates, and voltage fluctuations. These challenges diminish the quality of stored energy, resulting in potential waste. There is a unique chance to address these inefficiencies using the vast data from renewable systems. This research explores Machine Learning (ML), particularly Neural Networks (NN), to improve REES efficiencies. Analyzing data from Palm Springs wind farms, the study employs an Entropy-Based Recursive Feature Elimination (ERFE) coupled with Feed-Forward Neural Networks (FFNN). ERFE utilizes entropy to prioritize essential features, reducing redundant data and computational demands. The tailored FFNN then predicts energy conversion rates, aiming to enhance energy storage conversion and maximize the usability of generated Renewable Energy (RE).
Art Education and Students' Perception of Fine Art Teachers
Authors: Maryam Saif
Published: January 2024

Art education plays a crucial role in fostering creativity, critical thinking, and cultural appreciation among students. Central to the effectiveness of art education is the role of fine art teachers who serve as mentors, guides, and facilitators in the learning process. This abstract explores the perceptions of art education and students' perceptions of their fine art teachers, shedding light on the impact of teacher-student dynamics on the overall educational experience. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining surveys and interviews to gather data from a diverse sample of students enrolled in various art education in fine art programs [i](Smith et al., 2022; Brown & Jones, 2021) suggest that positive teacher-student relationships in art education contribute to increased student engagement, motivation, and a deeper understanding of artistic concepts. Furthermore, the research delves into the role of fine art teachers in nurturing students' individual artistic voices and fostering a sense of community within the classroom. Insights from interviews reveal students' perspectives on the qualities that make an art teacher effective, such as approachability, passion for the subject, and the ability to provide constructive feedback. This abstract concludes by highlighting the implications of the findings for both educators and policymakers in shaping art education curricula and professional development programs. By understanding the dynamics between art education and students' perceptions of fine art teachers, stakeholders can work towards creating a more enriching and supportive learning environment for aspiring artists.
Narratives of the Parklet - Sketch of a Research Agenda
Authors: Childs Mark C.
Published: January 2024

Mark Childs assesses the existence of parklets, both in physical structures and narrative representations, and highlights the role of narrative in the training of urban designers.
Everyday Modernism: Architecture and Society in Singapore
by Jiat-Hwee Chang and Justin Zhuang, photographs by Darren Soh, Ridge Books, 2022, 376pp, 203 duotone and 92 4C images, ISBN: 978-981-325-187-8
Authors: Chiang Ya-Chun
Published: January 2024

Book Review of Everyday Modernism: Architecture and Society in Singapore
by Jiat-Hwee Chang and Justin Zhuang, photographs by Darren Soh, Ridge Books, 2022, 376pp, 203 duotone and 92 4C images, ISBN: 978-981-325-187-8
Analisis Paulus Menjadi Rasul Allah Menurut Galatia 1:15-17: Rencana Allah yang Tersembunyi
Authors: Maritaisi Hia
Published: January 2024

This article is an analysis of Paul becoming God's apostle according to Galatians 1:15-17. The office of an apostle is a position that comes from God, in which God reveals His Gospel to the people He has chosen. God chooses someone to be His apostle to preach the truth of the Gospel to everyone. Paul is a person who has been chosen by God since he was in the womb to become an apostle of God who will preach the Gospel. However, some views that interpret Paul's apostleship only look at it from the side of God's calling or see it from the side of Paul's repentance. For this reason, the writer conducted research on the text of Galatians 1:15-17 by using a qualitative research method that uses the exegesis method of 4 layers of Bible meaning. The four layers are Layer I Historia/Sarkic Layer II (Theoria/Noetic/spiritual meaning). Layer III (Psychic/moral). And layer IV (Anagogic/Eschatology). So through that it gives research results that Paul who was chosen by God to be an Apostle and called him to preach the Gospel was God's hidden plan for a real/divine purpose. Where in it has wrapped how Paul was chosen and called by God and also his repentance. God's plan is said to be hidden because no one knows God's plan except the heart that is given to God and wants to listen to His call.

Artikel ini adalah sebuah analisis tentang Paulus menjadi rasul Allah menurut Galatia 1:15-17. Jabatan seorang rasul adalah jabatan yang berasal dari Allah, dimana Allah mewahyukan Injil-Nya kepada orang yang telah Ia pilih. Allah memilih seseorang menjadi rasul-Nya untuk memberitakan kebenaran Injil kepada semua orang. Paulus adalah orang yang telah dipilih Allah sejak dalam kandungan untuk menjadi seorang rasul Allah yang akan memberitakan Injil. Akan tetapi beberapa pandangan yang menafsir tentang kerasulan Paulus hanya melihat dari sisi panggilan Allah atau melihat dari sisi pertobatan Paulus saja. Untuk itu penulis melakukan penelitian di dalam teks Galatia 1:15-17 dengan memakai metode penelitian kualitatif yang menggunakan metode eksegesis 4 lapisan makna Alkitab. Keempat lapisan tersebut yakni, Lapisan I Historia/Sarkic Lapisan II (Theoria/Noetic/spiritual meaning). Lapisan III (Psychic/moral). Dan lapisan IV (Anagogic/Eskatologi). Sehingga melalui itu memberikan hasil penelitian bahwa Paulus yang dipilih Allah menjadi Rasul dan memanggilnya untuk memberitakan Injil adalah rencana Allah yang tersembunyi untuk tujuan yang nyata/ilahi. Dimana di dalamnya telah membungkus bagaimana Paulus dipilih dan dipanggil oleh Allah dan juga pertobatannya. Rencana Allah dikatakann tersembunyi karena tidak ada seorangpun yang mengetahui rencana Allah kecuali hati yang diberikan kepada Allah dan mau mendengarkan panggilan-Nya.
Refleksi Teologis atas Prosperity Theologies: Studi Analisis-Naratif di Resort GKE Kapuas Kalimantan Tengah
Authors: Telhalia Telhalia
Published: January 2024

There has been a recent phenomenon in congregational life where congregations have systematically started to leave their original church and switch to certain churches for various reasons such as the desire to have a preacher convey his motivation, enthusiasm and enthusiasm to live a happy life. Such churches and preachers have emerged in the Central Kalimantan region. This research system uses qualitative research through data analysis of interview transcripts, data display and verification. The results of this study present the theological reflections of Christian congregations from various circles, State Civil Apparatus, housewives, congregational youth, including entrepreneurs/self-employed. Additionally, persistently materialistic contrasts with the path of commercialization and desecularization of religion, clearly demonstrating the effects of prosperity and achievement on the field of theology. Finally, the research shows that prosperity theologies or prosperity gospel, teach that prosperity and success (being rich, successful, and in perfect health) are external signs from God for his beloved ones.

Ada fenomena yang terjadi belakangan dalam kehidupan berjemaat, di mana jemaat secara sistematis mulai meninggalkan gereja asal dan beralih ke gereja-gereja tertentu dengan berbagai alasan seperti keinginan untuk memiliki pengkhotbah dapat menyampaikan motivasi, antusiasme, dan semangatnya untuk hidup dalam kebahagiaan. Gereja dan pengkhotbah seperti itu telah muncul di wilayah Kalimantan Tengah. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan naratif melalui analisis data atas transkrip wawancara, display dan verifikasi data. Hasil penelitian ini menyajikan refleksi teologis jemaat Kristen di Resort Gereja Kalimantan Evangelis (GKE) Kapuas dari berbagai kalangan, Aparatur Sipil Negara, ibu pekerja rumah tangga, pemuda jemaat, termasuk pengusaha/wiraswasta. Selain itu, materialistis yang persisten kontras dengan jalur komersialisasi dan desekularisasi agama, dengan jelas mendemonstrasikan efek kesejahteraan dan pencapaian semu pada bidang teologi. Kesimpulan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teologi kemakmuran atau doktrin kemakmuran/prosperity theologies atau prosperity gospel, mengajarkan bahwa kemakmuran dan sukses (kaya, berhasil, dan sehat sempurna) adalah tanda-tanda eksternal dari Allah untuk orang-orang yang dikasihinya.
Mesias Raja: Simbol Kedaulatan yang Menggema di Seluruh Dunia
Authors: Nggebu Sostenis , Kanu Zevrijn Boy , Pote Dominggu , Siwabessy Donald , Lestari Sonia
Published: January 2024

The Apostle Paul as God's chosen figure to proclaim Jesus as the Messiah King who brings salvation to all nations. People who are still outside of Christ can hear the Gospel that sets them free from sin. Getting to know the Messiah King personally also serves to build a bridge of communication to people who don't believe. So the purpose of this study is to explain the Messiah King who was preached by the apostle Paul. The method used is a descriptive study. The results show that Paul was very fascinated by the person of Jesus as the Messiah King who appeared to him on the way to Damascus. Since the introduction of Jesus Christ, Paul has been active in preaching the Messiah King to nations outside the Jewish nation. He also disassembled and rearranged his concept of faith and theological views of his mission. Christ who triumphed over death became the basis for Paul's theological views. Paul's preaching work served as the basis for the Church to preach that Jesus Christ is the Savior for all mankind.
Peran Nyanyian Jemaat Dalam Penguatan Moderasi Beragama di GKE Imanuel Kuala Pembuang
Authors: Wirawan Aprianto
Published: January 2024

The research background originated from the search for field results regarding religious moderation with the study of musical performances in GKE Imanuel Kuala Pembuang, Seruyan, Kalimantan Tengah. Purpose of this research is to describe the challenges, the role of congregational singing in strengthening religious moderation in GKE Imanuel Kuala Pembuang Resort GKE Seruyan Hilir. Qualitative research method used an interview technique with church members, pastors of GKE Seruyan Hilir congregation and correlated it with religious moderation. The results of this study found that church singing has an important role in shaping the character of the people because church singing is one of the means in conveying God's Word. Church singing is a tangible form of teaching as well as proclaiming the gospel to the world where the invitation to moderate life can be found through lyrics, music and singing.
The Use of Bayesian Techniques with Binary and Vector Data and vector
Authors:   Department Basic Sciences, College of Nursing, Mosul University, Nineveh, Iraq, Thanoon Shaymaa Riyadh
Published: January 2024

This research provides a conceptual framework and examples for applying Bayesian techniques to binary and vector data. For the binary data, for observations take on one of two possible values, Bayesian logistic regression and Bayesian networks are techniques, applicable Bayesian logistic regression places priors on the coefficients and derives the posterior using the likelihoods under a logistic model. Bayesian networks represent dependencies between binary variables graphically and perform inference using conditional probability tables. For vector data, where observations are multi-dimensional, Bayesian linear regression places priors on the regression coefficients and finds posterior using the likelihoods under linear model. Gaussian process regression models the relationship between inputs and outputs as a draw from a Gaussian process prior and computes the posterior process given observed data. The research provides the conceptual framework underlying Bayesian analysis, including key concepts such as prior and posterior distributions. It highlights the advantages of Bayesian methods like the ability to incorporate domain knowledge and model uncertainty. Numerical examples demonstrate how Bayesian techniques can be applied to binary and vector data classification tasks. The abstract summarizes the core ideas and contributions of the research on this topic.
Mitigating Cybersecurity Threats in Modern Networks Using Intelligent Approach
Authors:   Faculty of Artificial Intelligence, Data Science department, Egyptian Russian University (ERU), Cairo, Egypt, Zaher Mahmoud A. ,   Electrical Eng. Dept, Higher Institute of Engineering, Minia, Egypt,   Faculty of Computers and Information, Sadat Academy for Management Sciences, Cairo, Egypt   French University in Cairo, Egypt, Hassan Yahia B. , Eldakhly Nabil M.
Published: January 2024

The proliferation of botnet threats within Internet of Things (IoT) networks has underscored the critical need for robust detection mechanisms. This study addresses this imperative by presenting a comprehensive framework employing Machine Learning (ML) techniques for botnet detection. Leveraging a dataset sourced from authentically compromised IoT devices, the research delves into the intricate behaviors exhibited by botnets, emphasizing the encounters pretended by their polymorphic characteristics. A convolutional neural network architecture, featuring stacked layers with residual connections, serves as the cornerstone of the proposed detection system. The efficiency of the developed model is evaluated using meticulous visualization of data insights, learning behaviors, and detection performance, which demonstrate a great ability to discriminate between different botnet activities. This study presents a prominent improvement to the cybersecurity field by developing an effective solution for invigorating IoT network defenses against developing botnet threats, which highlights the essential role of ML-driven methods in the preservation of the integrity of interconnected devices.
Enhancing Cyber Security Attack Prediction: A Weighted Optimized Ensemble Approach Using DTO+DE Algorithm
Authors:   Computer Science and Intelligent Systems Research Center, Blacksburg 24060, Virginia, USA, Zaki Ahmed Mohamed ,   Computer Science Department, Faculty of Computer and Information Sciences, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt,   School of ICT, Faculty of Engineering, Design and Information  Communications Technology (EDICT), Bahrain Polytechnic, PO Box 33349, Isa Town, Bahrain,   Faculty of Artificial Intelligence, Delta University for Science and Technology, Mansoura 35712, Egypt,   Department of Communications and Electronics, Delta Higher Institute of Engineering and Technology, Mansoura, 35111, Egypt, Abdelhamid Abdelaziz A. , Ibrahim Abdelhameed , Eid Marwa M. , El-Kenawy El-Sayed M. El
Published: January 2024

In the rapidly evolving landscape of cybersecurity, the perpetual challenge lies in staying one step ahead of potential threats. This research embarks on a transformative journey, seeking to fortify the predictive capabilities of cybersecurity systems by amalgamating the Dipper Throated Algorithm (DTO) and the Differential Evolution Algorithm (DE). The envisioned synergy between these two powerful optimization methodologies forms the backbone of an innovative Weighted Optimized Ensemble, seamlessly integrating diverse machine learning techniques. Within this intricate framework, the MLP, KNN, SVR, Decision Tree, Random Fores, and an Average Ensemble coalesce into a formidable defense mechanism against cyber threats. The underlying premise is to capitalize on the individual strengths of these models, enhancing their collective efficacy through the strategic optimization prowess of DTO and DE. The optimization outcomes, as reflected in key performance metrics such as Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and R-squared (R2), spotlight a remarkable achievement—the substantial reduction of RMSE to an impressive 0.00941. This achievement signifies more than just a numerical enhancement; it symbolizes a paradigm shift in the cybersecurity paradigm. The meticulous integration of DTO+DE showcases its potential to fine-tune the ensemble model, leading to a tangible and significant impact on cybersecurity defenses. This not only augurs well for predictive accuracy but also holds the promise of fostering proactive cybersecurity measures, thereby contributing to a safer and more secure digital landscape.
Bank Customer Churn Prediction with Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Zhu He
Published: January 2024

This paper examines and analyses customer churn prediction in the banking sector using the data from ABC Bank. The analysis conducted will document the determinants of bank customer churn and provide insights to the most important factors which influence the customers decision to quit utilizing the services of a bank. The investigation is based on the results of two machine learning algorithms with k-fold-cross-validation and same boosting methods. The result of the analysis reveals that out of logistic regression and random forests algorithms, the random forest methods show a higher accuracy score which corresponds with the literature review studied. Furthermore, the statistic of the research indicates that customers age has the highest association with the likelihood of customer churning, while whether the customer has a credit card at the bank has the lowest interconnection. The results of this research may provide valid explanations to customer churn in the banking sector and bring further intuitions of the advantages which machine learning methods may provide to future financial analysis.
Research on the Marketing Strategies of Chinese Fragrance Brands
Authors: Cai Jialin , Shi Kwok  Leung , Wu Jingyu
Published: January 2024

This study takes a step forward by beginning with an in-depth evaluation of the ongoing trajectories and marketing approaches adopted by some prevailing domestic brands, such as To Summer and Documents. Subsequently, it synthesizes common marketing predicaments most Chinese brands face and formulates practical remedies to address these challenges. Adhering to this systematic framework aims to propel domestic brands growth and development within the fragrance markets intricate landscape. The significance of this research lies in its contribution to the growth and development of domestic fragrance brands within the competitive market. By addressing challenges related to brand awareness, international expansion, and product quality, To Summer and Documents can enhance their domestic and international positions. Moreover, the insights provided here can serve as a foundation for broader discussions within the fragrance industry and offer valuable guidance for emerging brands striving to establish a robust market presence.
Influential Determinants of Income Disparity in China: An Examination Using Panel Data
Authors: Wang Pinyi
Published: January 2024

Over the past few decades, the world has witnessed the economic miracle that China has achieved, but it is also worried about its rapidly increasing level of income inequality. This paper uses a panel data regression model to assess to what extent urbanization, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), inflation, and education affect income inequality in China, using data from 25 Chinese provinces from 1995-2010. This study demonstrates that in China, the link between income inequality and urbanization aligns with the Kuznets inverted-U curve hypothesis. Meanwhile, FDI and education correlate positively with income inequality, while inflation and income inequality correlate negatively. The finding of this study argues that the policymaker in China should moderate urbanization to a certain extent, direct FDI flows to sectors that better benefit society as a whole, limit the rich's access to additional educational resources through their wealth, and use moderate expansionary monetary policy, thereby reducing income inequality while ensuring sustained economic growth.
Strategies to Cultivate Long-term Customer Loyalty: A Case Study of Pop Mart
Authors: Yang Liyuan
Published: January 2024

Nowadays blind box became a hot topic; people in different ages buy blind boxes and blind box as. a marketing strategy also been used in different area. Also, blind boxes often connected with the pop culture which is a fantastic culture worth our research for many Z generation are crazy int it. POP MART is company which sell the products: blind box which inside a small doll with random cute images. It is now the leading enterprise of China blind Box market and have many strong sticky customers. However, it is hard for a bind box company to attract long term customers for its products is full of uncontrollable. Indeed, pop mart did well in terms of attracting new customers and turn them into long term loyal customers. This passage will analyze the problem of why POP MART could attract so many customers and why most of their customers are strongly loyal to the companys products.
The Dilemma of Algorithmic Recommendation Mechanism of E-commerce Platform and Its Countermeasures
Authors: Yang Song
Published: January 2024

E-commerce, as a convenient and flexible way of shopping, has become the largest, fastest-growing and widest-coverage component of China's digital economic development. At the same time, with the continuous progress of technology and the evolution of user needs, major e-commerce platforms are also committed to using the personalized and diversified features of the algorithmic recommendation mechanism to stimulate consumers' purchasing behavior. However, we can't ignore the fact that the widespread application of algorithmic recommendation mechanisms has brought some negative impacts to consumers and merchants, as well as some dilemmas for the development of major e-commerce platforms. In order to understand the dilemma of algorithmic recommendation mechanism, this study conducted questionnaire surveys and interviews with merchants and consumers, and coded and analyzed the obtained data using NVivo 12 Plus software. Based on the results, this study proposes a series of effective measures to deal with the dilemma of algorithmic recommendation mechanisms, such as optimizing the privacy-related settings of platforms, strengthening the relevant legislation, and clarifying the responsibilities of the governmental departments, and others.
Comparison and Analysis of the Accuracy of Various Machine Learning Algorithms in Bitcoin Price Prediction
Authors: Zuo Ayu
Published: January 2024

Based on the dataset of Bitcoin Price dataset, this paper studied Bitcoin price prediction by using support vector machine model, random forest model, neural network model, XGBoost model and LightGBM model. The models were evaluated by MSE, RMSE, MAE, MAPE and R. First, we divided the Bitcoin Price dataset into a training set and a test set according to a ratio of 7:3, with 70 as the training set and 30 as the test set. We take the stock price change (return) as the target variable, the other variables as the input variables, and use the training set to train the model and the test set to test the model. After model comparison, we found that XGBoost's MSE, RMSE, MAE, MAPE and R are all optimal, and its prediction effect is also the best. The performance of the other four models ranges from good to different, including LightGBM, random Forest, support vector machine and neural network. Among them, the MSE of the neural network is dozens of times that of the other four models, so it performs the worst. The XGBoost model performs well in dealing with high-dimensional sparse data and nonlinear relationships, while LightGBM and random Forest are suitable for dealing with large-scale data. Support vector machines are suitable for dealing with high-dimensional data and nonlinear relationships, while neural networks require more tuning and optimization to take advantage of their advantages. In summary, the research results of this paper can provide value for the prediction of Bitcoin price in the future, and also provide a certain reference for selecting a suitable machine learning model.
The relationship between private ICT investment and the strength of legal rights indices
Authors: Feng Yinchenyi , Fan Feng , Xu Zhehao , Xue Yiyun
Published: January 2024

Investment in ICT has been identified as an important driver of economic expansion and development. It is yet unclear how ICT affects the legal rights index, which regulates the activities of businesses. The proposal's goal is to examine how private ICT spending compares to the index measuring the robustness of legal rights for companies in Europe and Central Asia. This research proposal will investigate the relationship between private ICT investment and the strength of legal rights indices for companies throughout Europe and Central Asia. Dataset WDI.csv from the World Bank will be utilized for the proposed ICT research. This dataset contains indicators such as the index of the strength of legal rights, fixed telephone customers, and investment in public-private partnerships. R-studio will be used to do the actual analysis pf the research findings. The results will help fill gaps in our understanding of how information and communication technologies affect the legal frameworks that govern businesses' operations, and they will inform policymakers and business managers about the value of ICT investment in bolstering the legal rights index and creating a favorable setting in which businesses can thrive.
Research on the data platform needs of university faculty and students
Authors: Lv Xinping
Published: January 2024

In todays world, big data permeates every industry, leading to a substantial increase in research data and driving the scientific paradigm towards data-intensive research. With the development of intensive research, the demand for data processing and analysis is growing, particularly pronounced in the fields of research and management in universities. Currently, education in China is transitioning from informatization to digitization to enhance the quality of education, research by faculty and students, and the overall operational quality of schools, thereby achieving high-quality development in higher education. Digitization has become a crucial innovative path for the modernization of education in China and is an important strategy for building a high-quality education system. However, many university teachers and students still face challenges such as time-consuming and labor-intensive data processing, lack of relevant technical expertise, and difficulty in seeking guidance from professional experts. At the same time, the number of professionals in the big data industry is gradually increasing, and they aspire to enhance their professional skills through practical experience, earn additional income, but lack suitable avenues. To address these market challenges and pain points, fill market gaps, promote the academic and research capabilities of university faculty and students, improve personnel management efficiency, and advance scientific research in China, this survey is conducted to propose practical and feasible suggestions and actively engage in implementation.