bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
E TOMARáƒO LUGAR á€ MESA DO REINO DE DEUS: Eugene D. Genovese e o evangelho nas senzalas
Authors: Carvalho Fábio Pereira de
Published: December 2020

Este artigo se propõe analisar como o autor Eugene D. Genovese no seu livro Roll, Jordan,Roll, utilizou o cristianismo dos escravos nos Estados Unidos como base de seu argumento de que elesconseguiram construir uma autonomia ”“ econômica, polá­tica e mesmo intelectual ”“ e lutar por ela.Assim, o autor, em diálogo com a renovação marxista de seu tempo, principalmente dos autoresingleses Eric Hobsbawm, Edward Palmer Thompson e Christophen Hill, pretendeu combater ummarxismo ortodoxo, que em suas palavras, vitimizava os trabalhadores como um todo e, para osEstados Unidos, os escravos em especial. A tradição cristã se torna então justamente uma arma decombate utilizada pelos escravos, discordando de que o cristianismo transformaria os escravos emSambos. Outrossim, também se analisa neste artigo a possibilidade de diálogo entre Brasil e EstadosUnidos quanto ao modo de apropriação do cristianismo entre os escravos rurais.
O áŠXODO DA MINORIA BRANCA DE ANGOLA Adaptações ao contexto brasileiro
Authors: Barreto Isabel de Souza Lima
Published: December 2020

Este trabalho visa refletir sobre o processo de adaptação de migrantes que chegaram ao Brasil entrefins de 1974 e o ano de 1976 por conta do processo de descolonização de Angola. Há aqueles que migraramcom recursos próprios diretamente para o Brasil; há quem tenha vivido um perá­odo em Portugal ou áfrica doSul antes de se fixar permanentemente no Brasil. Quando chegaram aqui, alguns encontraram facilidades noprocesso  de  acolhimento  e  adaptação.  São  esses:  parentes  que  já  viviam  no  Rio  de  Janeiro,  facilidadesoferecidas  pelo  governo  brasileiro  para  tirar  documentos  de  permanência,  assistência  de  instituições  dacomunidade portuguesa, e até mesmo ajuda de pessoas desconhecidas. A adaptação, entretanto, não foi fácilpara todos. Há, entretanto, quem tenha passado por dificuldades iniciais. Para dar uma melhor compreensão dachegada  desses  imigrantes,  faremos  referências  á   guerra  colonial,  á   questão  racial  e  ao  processo  dedescolonização.
A PROVáNCIA LITERáRIA DOS "NOVOS": O. G. Rego de Carvalho e as polêmicas intelectuais teresinenses da metade do século XX
Authors: Andrade José Maria Vieira de
Published: December 2020

Neste trabalho, discute-se a atuação e a produção intelectual do literato piauiense OrlandoGeraldo Rego de Carvalho e de alguns de seus contemporá¢neos ”“ escolhidos aqui enquanto pretexto paraa  análise das  transformações  culturais vivenciadas  ou experimentadas  pela sociedade  teresinense  nametade do século XX ”“ procurando fazer um confronto entre a experiência intelectual protagonizada poresses sujeitos e as mudanças culturais ocorridas na cidade, nesse perá­odo. Entre as questões centrais aserem discutidas, daremos ênfase á s polêmicas e debates protagonizados pelo literato em questão, tendoem vista as mudanças ocorridas nas condições de vida urbana, bem como da relação existente entre essasmudanças e os projetos de renovação da produção literária piauiense, elaborados no perá­odo.
Propuesta de mejora del proceso de otorgamiento de tarjeta de crédito de una entidad financiera
Authors:   ,   Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), Cruz Herrera Pamela Stefani Antuane
Published: December 2020

En la presente tesis se desarrolla una propuesta de mejora del proceso de otorgamiento de tarjeta de crédito vía call center, así como también la reducción de casos de suplantación de identidad de los clientes en una entidad financiera. El diagnóstico, mejora y control del proceso se soporta en la metodología BPM. Para ello se propone automatizar el proceso de identificación del cliente, establecer un procedimiento ágil de otorgamiento de tarjeta de crédito por delivery, capacitar al personal de call center y establecer indicadores de gestión que controlen el tiempo de atención desde la solicitud de la tarjeta hasta la activación de la tarjeta. Además, se proponen controles en el sistema de registro de datos del cliente, para evitar errores de digitación que se pueden convertir posteriormente en re procesos. Todo ello se ve reflejado en un proceso capaz y rápido que garantiza la disminución del 39% del costo administrativo del área de reclamos, el 63% del costo de mermas por tarjetas de crédito rezagada y el 30% del costo de reprocesos.
Propuesta de mejora en la gestión de almacenes utilizando la metodología Lean Warehouse y la herramienta de asignación de mercadería para incrementar la rentabilidad en las empresas distribuidoras de productos de consumo masivos
Authors:   ,   Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), Shinno Huamani Miguel , Maradiegue Fernando
Published: December 2020

Las empresas comercializadoras mayoristas se vienen enfrentando a nuevos retos en cuanto al nivel de servicio, el cual es un factor importante y el que determina el nivel de ventas y la rentabilidad de las empresas. Es así que, actualmente, las empresas se rigen a entregar los pedidos a sus respectivos clientes a tiempo, en buen estado y completos. Este documento se centra en la importancia de la gestión de almacenes para las distribuidoras de consumo masivo, ya que son los almacenes los que determinan los costos de operación y productividad de estas. Es así que algunas técnicas innovadoras como el lean warehouse y herramientas de asignación, mejoran las condiciones de trabajo con el objetivo de reducir tiempos muertos y distancias. Se llevó a cabo un piloto de implementación de las herramientas mencionadas en el almacén de una distribuidora mayorista. Como resultado de la investigación se logró la reducción de la distancia recorrida en almacén en un 22%, la reducción de tiempos en el proceso de picking, logrando el tiempo óptimo de entregas y generando un incremento de las ventas efectuadas de 215,720.22 soles. Estos resultados demuestran ser determinantes en el rendimiento de la cadena de suministro (inventario, costo, retraso y riesgo), ya que la clave del éxito para esta industria es satisfacer las necesidades de los clientes en el menor tiempo posible. La presente investigación se justifica en la necesidad de incrementar la productividad dentro de una empresa distribuidora de productos de consumo masivo, mejorando los procesos claves de la misma. Esto con el objetivo de contribuir al crecimiento de la rentabilidad de la empresa.
Factores claves del comportamiento del consumidor mayor de edad de Lima metropolitana que influye en la intención de compra de productos funerarios a futuro en parques cementerio
Authors:   ,   Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), Rivera Estrada Horacio Jerry , Torres-Calderón Arrieta Andrés Sebastián
Published: December 2020

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar los factores claves del comportamiento del consumidor de Lima metropolitana mayor de edad, que influyen en la intención de compra de productos funerarios a futuro en parques cementerio. Esta investigación se realizó con el fin de brindar un sustento valido a la industria funeraria para alinear las necesidades de los consumidores con la oferta de valor de los parques cementerios realizando una investigación mixta. La investigación cualitativa se aplicó a través de entrevistas semi-estructuradas a expertos en la industria. Posteriormente se aplicó la investigación cuantitativa, donde se encuestó a una muestra representativa de la población. El primer paso para la investigación fue la búsqueda y análisis de las principales teorías que explican el tema. Seguidamente se aplicó la investigación cuantitativa y tras su análisis, se concluyó que la hipótesis general es aceptada. Se concluyó que los factores que influyen en el comportamiento del consumidor y la intención de compra en orden de relevancia son: 1. Personales, 2. Sociales, 3. Psicológicos y 4. Culturales. Esto permite definir a los participantes del mercado estrategias y decisiones más relevantes con respecto a los consumidores. Secundariamente se concluyó que los cuatro factores son relevantes para el comportamiento del consumidor. Además, se descubrió que a diferencia de lo que indica la teoría, no es el factor cultural el más relevante, sino los factores personales. Finalmente, se recomienda el uso de la herramienta de investigación cuantitativa y el marco teórico para futuros análisis de la industria.
OKRUTNOST, TEROR I CINIZAM
Authors: HRISTOV ĐORĐE
Published: December 2020

Rad prezentuje Delezovu i Gatarijevu univerzalnu istoriju iz Anti-Edipa sa ciljem osvrta na centralne momente ovog dela koji se nadovezuju na Marksove teze iz Grundrisse. Svrha rada je da pokaže na koji način Delez i Gatari preformulišu klasični marksistički problem ideologije u pitanje konstitucije subjektivnosti. Polazeći od Marksovog manuskripta o pretkapitalističkim formama proizvodnje iz Grundrisse prikazujemo tri različita režima koje Delez i Gatari formulišu: primitivizam, despotizam i kapitalizam, sa posebnim fokusom na poslednji i na formu subjektivnosti koju ovaj režim pretpostavlja. Konačno se u radu osvrćemo i na probleme sa kojima se Delezova i Gatarijeva istoriografija suočava.
LOK O JEZIKU
Authors: POPOVIĆ UNA
Published: December 2020

Ovaj rad posvećen je istraživanju teorije jezika Džona Loka. Lokova glasovita razmatranja prirode jezika iz treće knjige Ogleda o ljudskom razumu analiziraćemo na pozadini osnovnih stavova njegove teorije saznanja, odnosno primata ideja nad jezikom i rečima. Nakon analize razlike mišljenja i jezika shodno njihovom sadržaju i strukturi, nastojaćemo da pokažemo da instrumentalna priroda jezika po Loku ima i svoju epistemičku funkciju. Konačno, sprovedene analize omogućiće nam da Lokovu teoriju o jeziku predstavimo i kao svojevrsnu kritiku i transformaciju logike.
OSNOVNE TEZE KONCEPTA NARCISTIČKOG ISKRIVLJENJA
Authors: MILIĆ MAJA
Published: December 2020

U radu su ponuđene osnovne teze koncepta narcističkog iskrivljenja, koje može ići u dva smera – objašnjeno je formiranje i iskustvo koje subjekat može imati u takozvanim konkavnim i konveksnim narcističkim ogledanjima. Teorija se umnogome oslanja na Lakanovo viđenje stadijuma ogledala, kao i na njegov doprinos razvijanju subjekta samosvesti kroz konstitutivno-imaginarne dimenzije subjektivnosti. U slučaju umetnutog konkavnog ili konveksnog iskrivljenja, subjekat nalazi sebe na mestu drugog, poistovetivši se sa svojim iskrivljenim ogledalnim odrazom u drugom. Iskrivljenja utiču na formiranje subjekta u nastajanju na vrlo konkretan način i prenose predispoziciju za određene nestabilnosti u potonjim ogledanjima. Rad je ilustrovan studijom slučaja koja ima za cilj lakše razumevanje ponuđenog pristupa. Takođe, dat je kritički osvrt na mogućnost formiranja ravne ogledalne površina, kao i detaljno određenje konveksnog iskrivljenja i četiri pozicije konkavnog narcističkog ogledanja.
Archaelogy, genetics and history 15 years of research in Yakutia (2002–2017)
Authors: Crubézy E. , Melnichuk O. , Alexeev A.
Published: December 2020

For the past 15 years, our research has focused on the evolution of the first Yakut populations, their interaction with local tribes as well as with the Russian population, which marks the beginning of Yakutia's development from the first half of the 17th century. We conducted the excavation of tombs and we analysed the cultural, historical and paleogenetic data uncovered. A review and a synthesis of the main results published in articles and monographs informs our research directions for the future.
Colonisation models of remote taiga areas by Russian fur hunters and fishermen
of the Middle and Lower Irtysh River region in the 20th century
Authors: Adaev V.N.
Published: December 2020

The Russian colonists, inhabiting southern and mid-taiga regions of Western Siberia since the 17th c., al-ways relied heavily on hunter-gathering in their subsistence. The reasons for this were the obvious difficulties of northern agriculture and the economic benefits that hunting, fishing and gathering brought, including their signifi-cant commercial value. The active development of the commercial harvesting among the Russian Siberians al-ready in the 19th c. was hampered by the inaccessibility of many valuable hunting and fishing areas – first of all, remote taiga territories, which were in patrimonial land tenure of the indigenous inhabitants. The process of set-tlers' penetration into such territories, which unfolded in the 20th c., still has not been considered in detail in his-torical and ethnographic literature. The paper discusses the free colonization of the Demyanka River basin (Uvat-sky District of the Tyumen region, Russia) by Russians in the first half of the 20th c. based on field and archival data, as well as publications of the 1900-1930s. The main research methods include systematic and comparative historical analyses. It has been concluded that migrants from the Middle and Lower Irtysh regions populated the neighboring deep taiga territory using different routes; they presented two noticeably different models of colonization. The migration took place in several waves, but the most significant happened in the 1930s. The majority of the migrants were Russian Siberian old-timers who had the necessary experience and knowledge of the local conditions. For a substantial number of the Russian Irtysh region settlers — peasants, hunters and fishermen — the departure to the taiga became an es-cape from the external social pressure and government control, allowing them to improve their economic well-being. In this regard, surrounded by swamps impassable and vast area of the Demyanka River basin for several decades repre-sented a reliable refuge for fugitives who wanted to be beyond the easy reach of the state.
Post-urbanism and cold: geo-cultural images and representations of cultural landscapes of the Northern and Arctic cities
Authors: Zamyatin D.N.
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this article is to show the specifics of the formation of cultural landscapes and geo-cultural images of Northern and Arctic cities within the concept of post-urbanism. The ontological and phenomenological category of cold, crucial for understanding of this specificity, has a decisive influence on the formation of both material and expressive (mental) environments and identities of the inhabitants of the Northern cities. Cultural landscapes of cold represent an ambivalent anthropological phenomenon. This phenomenon captures the com-plex integrity of the unique geo-cultural imagery, spatial representations, and a system of adaptation patterns to low temperatures, and their consequences. The rise and fall of the Northern and Arctic cities, in conjunction with history of development of particular countries and regions, show the fragility of their cultural landscapes, whose representations may reflect the stages of decline, ruining or long-term conservation of residential areas, adminis-trative and industrial buildings, technological and public infrastructure. Geo-cultural images of the Northern and Arctic cities are genetically linked to the increased mobility of their founders and inhabitants. The same Northern city can «produce» many differentiated images of cold, due to its geo-cultural patchiness. The image of cold can be considered as an important component of the symbolic asset of the Northern and Arctic cities, as well as a field of implementation and struggle of various post-colonial practices. Cold as an autonomous ontology and cul-tural landscape of the Northern city can be a phenomenological basis for the dynamic post-urbanism of the Northern and Arctic territories. The phenomenon of co-spatiality, fundamental for understanding the post-urban trends of social development, acquires a special configuration in the cultural landscapes of the Northern cities, contributing to the enrichment of the semantic space of post-urbanism in general. In the future, geo-cultural and cultural-landscape studies of the Northern and Arctic cities may become some of the most important sources for accelerated development of new ontologies of mobile settlement systems.
«Khatam-ash» ritual: research experience and perspectives in the local Islamic context
of the Tyumen Region
Authors: Cherepanov M.S.
Published: December 2020

The author uses the results of previous studies and experience of his own field research to problematize the study of the «Khatam-ash» ritual as a part of the local Islamic context in the Tyumen Region. A. Shahab was fol-lowed in understanding of the local Islamic context (Con-Text in loco) as a complex of meanings and practices that was formed as a result of previous hermeneutic interactions with the Revelation to the Prophet Muhammad. The «Khatam-ash» ritual is understood as a prescription/script (written or not) that includes sacrifice (depending on the occasion), uttering of Niyyah, recitation of Qur’an, collective supplication, giving of Sadaqah, and a collec-tive meal. Fieldwork materials gathered by the author in towns and rural settlements of the Tyumen Region in the second decade of the 2000s served as the main sources for the article. The author also analyzed publications by historians, ethnographers and social anthropologists, who studied similar phenomena in Russian, Central Asian, and North African regions. We conclude that Khatam-ash is the main ritual that makes up the local Tatarian Is-lamic context in the Tyumen Region. This prescription underlies most of the home collective prayer meetings to commemorate one's passing away or to wish for the happiness of the living ones. The local people are familiar with this ritual since early childhood, because, through its ceremonies, they get acquainted with and constantly witness manifestations of Islam among their dear and close ones. Khatam-ash is the most affordable and com-fortable way to satisfy the existential needs of the people who consider themselves Muslims, but who do not know how to behave in mosques and doubt if they have a right to attend a mosque. Through Khatam-ash, Tatars main-tain and establish relations with their relatives. In the long term perspective, the author considers a detailed de-scription and comparison of regional and local features of the performance of the ritual.
Cultural attribution vs radiocarbon chronology (on the example of materials from the Bronze Age burial ground of Shatmantamak I)
Authors: Epimakhov A.V. , Tairov A.D. , Epimakhova M.G.
Published: December 2020

The article presents the results of excavations at the Shatmantamak I burial ground located in steppe zone of the Southern Urals (south-west of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia). The materials of the site combine the features of the Late Bronze Age Srubnaya and Alakul archaeological cultures dated to the first half of the
2nd mil. cal BC. With this work, we aimed to test the interpretation possibilities for the obtained materials, proceed-ing from their chronological sequence, rather than cultural attribution. Three mounds comprising seven burial structures of the Bronze Age (three above ground and four burial pits) have been excavated. The main procedure of treating the dead was inhumation on the left side (with the single exception on the right side) with their heads orientated towards the northern sector with deviations to the east. All graves contained single adult individuals, except one with the skeletons of two children. One of the burials is clearly distinctive, with the deceased set in sitting position. The grave goods included ceramic vessels and a single bone pommel. A series of radiocarbon dates (n = 4), stable nitrogen and carbon isotope analysis, along with the analysis of the context, allowed us to propose the scenario of utilisation of the site in the Bronze Age. The sequence of building of kurgans and individ-ual burials has been determined. For a long period (20th–17th c. cal BC), they combined features of the Alakul and Srubnaya cultural traditions within the same cemetery, or even mound. Syncretic sites represent a typical phe-nomenon for the Late Bronze Age of the Southern Urals and adjacent territories. Despite the differences in the chronology and cultural features (pottery and funeral rite) of the Shatmantamak I burial ground, a high stability of the nutrition system has been revealed, which was based on the products of complex husbandry. This brings us to the assumption that the identified cultural mosaicism was determined not by the mobility and interaction of groups with different traditions, but by their joint or parallel habitation in a specific area.
Pottery of the late 16th — first quarter of the 18th c. from the Sofia yard of the Tobolsk Kremlin and the Upper town: comparative morphological analysis
Authors: Zagvazdin E.P. , Zagvazdina Ya.G.
Published: December 2020

The article presents morphological analysis of ceramic complexes from excavations in 2006 and 2017 in the city of Tobolsk. The pottery came from two areas: the Tobolsk Kremlin and the Upper town (9 Oktyabrskaya st.). Within this research, we aimed to conduct comparative analysis of morphology of the tableware from these sites to assess its similarities. From the two areas, 2261 ceramic fragments have been analyzed, and 200 vessels (counted by rims) from the late 16th c. — first quarter of the 18th c. layers have been identified. By the production technology, the dishes are non-glazed, made mainly on the pottery wheel. Hand-made ceramics have also been found in small quantity (less than 2 %). The assemblage is dominated by pot-like dishes (94.5 %). The proportion of cupped dishes is small. Other types of dishes (large pot, washbasin pot) have been found in single numbers. Based on the appearance of rims and necks, three types of pots and five types of bowls have been identified. Comparison has been made between the diameter of the mouth and the type of pot. Further examined were the frequency of occurrence of dishes with different colors and type of surface treatment, dimensions of bottoms, frequency of adding of sand to the surface of the pottery wheel. The assemblages have been compared to the late medieval ceramics of the northern, north-western and central regions of Russia, as well as the Urals and Siberia. Comparisons have been also made with the results of other studies of the Tobolsk ceramics. Statistics show that the pottery complexes are very similar to each other, both in large groups (pot-shaped and cup-shaped ware) and by other parameters (color and type of surface treatment, rim shape, mouth and bottom size, the ratio between types and diameters of pot mouths). Differences have been identified in the proportion of higher quality light gray dishes, being 2.5 times larger in the territory of the Upper town than in the Sofia yard. The difference is also expressed in proportions of the three types of pots. Type I prevails in the territory of the Upper town, and types II and III — in the Sofia court. Bowl-shaped dishes are diverse (3 types) and are present in both parts of the town. The quality light gray and black-glazed vessels of this type have been classified as tableware, partially for the lack of traces of soot. With this classification, the proportion of bowls defined as tableware constitutes 3 %. Comparison of the assemblages with the late medieval pottery from other regions of Russia revealed close analogies. But in terms of the general range of dishes, Tobolsk stands behind the cities of the European part of the country.
Investigation with experimental practical activities in training geographically distant teachers
Authors: Heckler Valmir , Fazio Anahy Arrieche , Ruas Franciele Pires
Published: December 2020

This work aims to understand the investigation combined with practical experimental activities in the formation of geographically distant teachers. The study begins by the problematization of research and experimental practices in teacher education, followed by the presentation of the work context: the Science Graduation course, in the Distance Education modality (EaD), from the Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG). The corpus of the work is composed of the students’ reflective writings built in the last stage of the investigative project proposed in the interdiscipline called Phenomena of Nature IV. In this writing, students should report what happened to them when they became involved in the development of the experimental project throughout the semester. The methodology of the research carried out is a hermeneutic phenomenological approach and the analysis of the corpus made through the Discursive Textual Analysis (ATD). From the analysis two categories emerge: 1) Co-creation potentiated by the processes of interaction and 2) Investigative projects: a means for understanding science themes and classroom methodology. It is concluded that it is essential to promote training spaces that encourage theoretical and practical reflections on experimental investigative projects combined with technological resources, promoting interactive environments that involve participants in the co-creation process from the interaction with different interfaces and languages. Therefore, the development of experimental investigative projects is possibility for the formation of Science teachers geographically distant, in which the investigation is part of the development of the project and methodology for future teaching practices.
Gender, sexual diversity and field education: “in rural communities many people do not understand and treat it as a disease"
Authors: Silva Thaynara Oliveira da , Rios Pedro Paulo Souza
Published: December 2020

The present study aimed to discuss issues of gender, sexual diversity, gender diversity and Rural Education. The (auto) biographical narratives were used as the methodological path, and the narrative interview as an instrument of data collection, allowing the interviewees to narrate their life story, placing themselves as protagonists of the investigation process. Thus, we emphasize that the interviewees were two gay university students, who live in the countryside. From the study, the need to problematize the dialogue around issues of gender and sexual diversity in Rural Education was noticeable. It is necessary to break binary schemes around issues that involve sexuality, mature reflections around queer bodies, aiming in fact to know how these issues are addressed in the training processes of rural communities and how much, through these processes, can be done in the sense to contribute to acceptance, I respect the plurality that exists among society, in order to decolonize / deconstruct the rules imposed and taken as standards.
Examining the relationship between unwillingness to translate and personality type of Iranian translation students
Authors: Dashti Effat
Published: December 2020

The current study was set to investigate the relationship between unwillingness to translate and personality type of Iranian translation students. To this end, 100 Iranian EFL students studying English translation at Emam Reza and Tabaran Universities in Mashhad, Iran, were randomly selected. The participants aged from 20 to 57 years old. Two research instruments were utilized, namely unwillingness to translate (UWTT) questionnaire and personality questionnaire. The data were gathered during the second semester of the academic year. The data were analyzed through descriptive statistics correlation coefficient. The findings revealed that Perceiving personality type had a significant negative effect on participants' UWTT. Actually, perceiving personality type is in negative direction with Factor 3 of UWTT (low salary and lack of translation motivation). In addition, the situational level UWTT is regarded as a state-specific variable which is a transient influence dependent on specific circumstance i.e., low salary and open to changes that is to say lack of translation motivation. While state-level or situational WTC empowers language learners to initiate communication within a specific context, state-level UWTT disables language learners to initiate communication within a specific context.
Normas constitucionais não escritas
Authors: Melo Lucas
Published: December 2020

O artigo analisa a força normativa das normas constitucionais não escritas. Ele visa verificar se o costume e as convenções, em regime de civil law, são normas jurídicas. A metodologia utilizada no presente trabalho é a qualitativa, na modalidade de estudo bibliográfico. O objetivo específico é analisar o fundamento jurídico pelo qual o ser se transforma em dever-ser. Ao final conclui-se que apenas os costumes possuem força normativa. Porém, as convenções ganham importância na sua reiteração e, se acompanhadas da convicção de sua obrigatoriedade, podem desencadear novos costumes constitucionais.
A responsabilidade patrimonial no Estado espanhol após a reforma da legislação do regime jurídico das administrações públicas e do procedimento administrativo comum
Authors: Fuentes i Gasó Josep Ramon
Published: December 2020

O artigo tem por objetivo analisar as mudanças promovidas no tema da responsabilidade patrimonial do Estado espanhol a partir da reforma da legislação pertinente ao regime jurídico das administrações públicas e do procedimento administrativo comum. Com a revogação da Lei 30/1992, de 26 de novembro, de Regime Jurídico das Administrações Públicas e do Procedimento Administrativo Comum, o tema sofreu modificações realizadas pela promulgação das Lei n. 39/2015, de 1 de outubro, do Procedimento Administrativo Comum das Administrações Públicas e da Lei n. 40/2015, de 1 de outubro, de Regime Jurídico do Setor Público, as quais introduziram relevantes mudanças na matéria.
APLIKASI PELAPISAN NANOKOMPSIT UNTUK MEMPERTAHANKAN KUALITAS SALAK PONDOH (Salacca edulis Reniw)
Authors: Gumaran Setyadi , Sutrisno NFN , Iriani Evi Savitri
Published: December 2020

Pelapisan nanokomposit dapat meningkatkan karakteristik fisik, mekanis serta fungsional dari bahan pelapis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pelapisan nanokomposit dengan berbagai polimer (gelatin dan kitosan) yang ditambahkan seng oksida dan beeswax untuk menjaga kualitas salak pondoh selama penyimpanan. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa penambahan emulsi beeswax dan NP-ZnO dapat menurunkan nilai WVTR dari 25.6 menjadi 13.75 g/m2jam. Penambahahan beeswax dan NP-ZnO juga dapat merubah sifat antimikroba film kitosan dan gelatin. Aplikasi nanokomposit mampu menurunkan kehilangan berat salak pondoh selama penyimpanan dibandingkan dengan kontrol salak pondoh (P <0,05). Kontrol salak memiliki nilai penurunan susut bobot tertinggi sebesar 18,57% sedangkan salak dengan perlakuan WC3 dan WG3 memiliki nilai 12,72% dan 13,92%, persentase kerusakan  sebesar 76,19%  pada hari ke 28 penyimpanan. Aplikasi pelapisan nanokomposit juga mampu mempertahankan kekerasan dan persen tingkat kerusakan selama penyimpanan.

 

Application of nanocomposite based on Chitosan and Gelatin to maintain quality of Salacca fruit. (Salacca edulis Reniw).

Nanocomposite coating could enhance the physical and mechanical characteristic as well as functional of material coatings. This research aimed to determine the application of nanocomposite coating with various polymers (gelatin and chitosan) which added zinc oxide and beeswax to maintain the quality of salak pondoh during storage. The result showed that the addition of beeswax emulsion and ZnO-NPs significantly decreased WVTR value from  25.6 to 13.75 g/m2 hours. The addition of beeswax emulsion and ZnO-NPs also changed the antimicrobial properties of chitosan and gelatin films Aplication of nanocomposite coating was able to decrease the weight loss of salak pondoh during storage compared to salak pondoh control (P <0.05). Salak control has the largest weight loss value of 18.57% while salak with WC3 and WG3 treatment has a value of 12.72% and 13.92%, percentage of decai has value 76.19% on 28 days storage. Application of nanocomposite coating are also able to maintain quality such as firmness and percentage of decay during storage.
FORMULASI, KARAKTERISASI, DAN OPTIMASI WAKTU REHIDRASI PRODUK NASI KUNING INSTAN
Authors: Widowati Sri , Asni Nur , Nuraeni Farida
Published: December 2020

Nasi kuning instan menjadi salah satu alternatif menu sarapan pagi karena memiliki waktu penyajian yang singkat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan formula terbaik produk nasi kuning instan dengan waktu rehidrasi yang optimum dan menentukan karakteristik fisikokimia produk nasi kuning instan. Faktor yang diuji adalah formulasi bumbu (kontrol dengan menggunakan bumbu instan, formula A menggunakan 1 paket bumbu nasi kuning, formula B menggunakan 1,25 paket bumbu nasi kuning dan formula C menggunakan 1,50 paket bumbu nasi kuning) dan kadar amilosa beras (rendah, sedang dan tinggi). Hasil uji analisis one way anova menunjukkan bahwa antara formulasi dan kadar amilosa beras berbeda secara nyata dari karakteristik fisikokimia nasi kuning instan (p<0,05). Formula dan nasi kuning instan yang terpilih adalah formula 1,25 paket bumbu nasi kuning dari beras Sintanur dengan kadar amilosa rendah adalah waktu rehidrasi 4,59 menit, rendemen 90,23%, volume pengembangan 30,89%, daya serap air 49,68%, densitas kamba 0,62 g/mL, nilai °Hue diatas 90%, dan nilai kekerasan 74,03%. Produk ini mengandung kadar air 8,07%, abu 3,35%, protein 9,19%, lemak 2,08%, karbohidrat 76,32%, dan kadar pati 64,11 %.

 

Formulation, Characterization, and Optimization of the Rehydration of Yellow Rice Instant.

Instant yellow rice is an alternative to breakfast because it has a short testing time. The purpose of this study was to produce the best formula for instant yellow rice products with optimum rehydration time and determine the physicochemical characteristics of instant yellow rice products. Factors tested were seasoning formulations (control using instant seasoning, formula A using 1 package of yellow rice seasoning, formula B using 1,25 package of yellow rice seasoning and formula C using 1,50 packages of yellow rice seasoning) and amylose content of rice (low, medium and high). One way ANOVA analysis results showed that between the formulation and amylose content of rice was significantly different from the physicochemical characteristics of instant yellow rice (p <0,05). The formula and instant yellow rice selected were formula 1,25 package of yellow rice seasoning from Sintanur rice with low amylose content, rehydration time 4,59 minutes, yield 90,23%, development volume 30,89%, water absorption 49,68%, kamba density 0,62 g/mL , the ° Hue value is above 90%, and the hardness value is 74,03%. This product contains 8,07% water content, 3,35% ash, 9,19% protein, 2,08% fat, 76,32% carbohydrate, and 64,11% starch content.
Long Term Outcome of Combined Phacoemulsification and Excisional Goniotomy with the Kahook Dual Blade in Different Subtypes of Glaucoma
Authors: Habash Ahmed Al , Buainain Abdulrahman Al
Published: December 2020

Purpose: To characterize changes in intraocular pressure (IOP), IOP-lowering medications, and visual acuity (VA) through 3 years of follow-up in patients undergoing combined phacoemulsification and excisional goniotomy with the Kahook Dual Blade (phaco-KDB), with simultaneous goniosynechialysis in cases of angle-closure glaucoma, by a single surgeon (A.H.) in King Fahd Hospital of the University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.Methods: Prospective, non-comparative, uncontrolled, non-randomized interventional case series. Consecutive patients with medically-treated glaucoma and visually-significant cataract underwent combined surgery. Subgroup analysis of glaucoma subtypes was performed.Results: Fifty-seven eyes (48 patients) including 29 eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma, 15 with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma, and 13 with angle-closure glaucoma, were enrolled. Mean (standard error) baseline IOP was 20.3 (0.7) mmHg and through up to 36 months of follow-up (minimum 12 months, mean 26.2 [1.0] months) ranged from 13.5-14.0 mmHg (13.7 mmHg at Month 36); significant reductions (p<0.0002) of 23.6-29.9% were achieved at every time point. Medications were reduced from a mean of 3.3 (0.1) to 0.2-1.9 (reduction 51.4-94.7%; p<0.0001 at every time point). Mean logMAR VA improved from 0.97 (0.11) preoperatively to 0.25 (0.04) by Month 6 (p<0.0001), remaining stable thereafter. Outcomes were similar in POAG, pseudoexfoliation, and ACG subgroups. Hyphema occurred and resolved spontaneously in 6 eyes; 1 eye had elevated IOP on postoperative day 1.Conclusions: Phaco-KDB significantly improved VA, lowered IOP ~25-30%, and lowered medications by >50% through 36 months. This combined procedure provides meaningful long-term reductions in IOP and need for IOP-lowering medication without compromising visual rehabilitation in eyes with cataract and glaucoma.
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility-Associated Mitochondrial Gene orf312 Derived from Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Cultivar Tadukan
Authors: Takatsuka Ayumu , Kazama Tomohiko , Toriyama Kinya
Published: December 2020

BackgroundCytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is a trait associated with non-functional pollen or anthers, caused by the interaction between mitochondrial and nuclear genes. FindingsA Tadukan-type CMS line (TAA) and a restorer line (TAR) were obtained by successive backcrossing between the Oryza sativa cultivars Tadukan (a cytoplasmic donor) and Taichung 65 (a recurrent pollen parent). Using Illumina HiSeq, we determined whole-genome sequences of the mitochondria of TAA and screened the mitochondrial genome for the presence of open reading frame (orf) genes specific to this genome. One of these orf genes, orf312, showed differential expression patterns in TAA and TAR anthers at the meiotic and mature stages, with transcript amounts in TAR being less than half of those in TAA. The orf312 gene is similar to the previously described orf288, a part of which is among the components comprising WA352, a chimeric CMS-associated gene of wild-abortive-type CMS. Conclusions﻿The orf312 gene is a promising candidate for CMS-associated gene in TAA.
Superoxide Dismutase (SOD): From Genomics and Expression Profiling to Heritability and Phenotypic Variability in Triticale Under Drought Stress
Authors: Saed-Moucheshi Armin , Sohrabi Fatemeh , Fasihfar Elham , Baniasadi Fatemeh , Riasat Mehrnaz , Mozafari Ali Akbar
Published: December 2020

BackgroundThe main objectives of the current study were to find the possible structural association between the activity of enzymatic antioxidants and grain yield of triticale plants along with identify the genotypic variability of SOD activity among different triticale elite genotypes using novel statistical methods. Additionally, the difference between expression rate of SOD isozymes (Mn-SOD, Cu/Zn-SOD, and Fe-SOD) were tested to find out about the relationship between expression rate and the drought resistance of triticale selected genotypes. The final goal of this study was to introduce source code in SAS language to estimate the genetic parameters based on combined ANOVA model that could be applicable in all field studies.MethodsThirty genotypes of triticale were studied during six years in three different locations to model the relationship of enzymatic antioxidants and grain yield under drought stress condition. In every year, two separate field trials were used to assess the effect of normal irrigation (irrigation trial) and drought stress conditions (stress trials) by withholding irrigation at early heading stage. Accordingly, based on the results of genetic variability, heatmap analysis, biplot graph, and clustering, two genotypes with the highest genetic distance were selected to appraise the differential expression profiling of three SOD isozyme in shoot and root organs.ResultsField experiments and bioinformatics results showed that superoxide dismutase (SOD) was the most influential antioxidant in triticale tolerance to drought stress. Additionally, Mn-SOD showed high expression levels for both genotypes but with higher rates in tolerant genotype. Also, Mn-SOD expression rate in shoot was higher than root, but the expression level of Fe-SOD was conversely higher in the root. Additionally, Fe-SOD expression levels showed no significant difference in two used genotypes. The expression level of Cu/Zn-SOD was higher in root of the tolerant genotype while lower in root of susceptible genotype, as compared with their shoot.ConclusionHeatmap analysis that is applied for the first time in a screening program, showed to be highly capable of distinguishing elite genotypes and pointing out the proper features for selection criteria. Bioinformatics results indicated that SOD is more important than other enzymatic antioxidant for being considered as selection criteria or candidate gene for transgenic purposes. Based on expressional results, Mn-SOD announced as general isozyme that probably is highly expressed in most of the species, while, Cu/Zn-SOD as was introduced as a genotype specific isozyme that is likely more expressed in tolerant genotypes of triticale.
Ultrasound Targeted Microbubble Destruction Combined With Fe-MOF Based Bio-/Enzyme-Mimics Nanoparticles for Treating of Cancer
Authors: Xiang Xi , Pang Houqing , Ma Tian , Du Fangxue , Li Ling , Huang Jianbo , Ma Lang , Qiu Li
Published: December 2020

Background: Cancer urgently needs a new strategy for its recurrence and treatment resistance with the existing treatments. Fe-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) had the potential in ROS generation due to Fenton catalysis, which has been shown to be effective in antitumor therapy. However, Fenton catalysis requires sufficient H2O2 as the reactant to generate hydroxyl radical. Therefore, further improvement of Fe-MOF is needed. In the research, bio-/enzyme-mimics nanoparticles FeN200@GOx@M were synthesized and were used combined with ultrasound targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) as a novel method for cancer therapy. Methods: FeN200@GOx@M was synthesized by loading GOx and encapsulating tumor cell membrane. The nanostructures were characterized by SEM, TEM, XRD, EDS, XPS, and so on. The anti-tumor efficiency of FeN200@GOx@M was evaluated by cytotoxicity test, live/dead cell staining and apoptosis ratio in vitro. The combination of FeN200@GOx@M and UTMD was applied in vivo to verify the enhancement of anti-tumor effect of UTMD on FeN200@GOx@M.Results: FeN200@GOx@M was successfully synthesized. FeN200@GOx@M was most easily intake by A2780 tumor cells, generated the most ROS in tumor cells, and induced the most apoptotic tumor cells in vitro. In addition, UTMD technology further improved the anti-tumor efficiency in vivo due to its sonoporation, which helped create reversible holes in cell membranes for easier been destroyed by FeN200@GOx@M. Conclusion: Fe-MOF based bio-/enzyme-mimics nanoparticles FeN200@GOx@M had excellent anti-tumor efficiency. And UTMD can improve the therapeutic effectiveness. The combination of FeN200@GOx@M and UTMD provided a novel, safe, and efficient treatment strategy for cancer.
Green Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex-based Carbon Dots for Ameliorating Imiquimod-induced Psoriasis-like Inflammation in Mice
Authors: Zhang Meiling , Cheng Jinjun , Hu Jie , Luo Juan , Zhang Yue , Lu Fang , Kong Hui , Qu Huihua , Zhao Yan
Published: December 2020

Background: Carbon dots with multifaceted advantages have been provided hope for development brand-new nanodrug for treating thorny diseases.This study developed a green and simple calcination method to prepare novel cardon dots (CDs) as promising drug for psoriasis treatment. The as-prepared CDs using Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex (PCC) as sole precursor were characterized by a series of methods, mainly including electron microscopy, optical technology and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).Results: Results displayed that fluorescence (Quantum yield =5.63%) and nontoxic PCC-based CDs (PCC-CDs) with abundant chemical groups exhibited solubility and tiny sizes at average of (1.93 ± 0.53) nm, which may be beneficial for its inherent biological activity. Moreover, by using the typical imiquimod (IMQ) – induced psoriasis-like skin mouse model, we firstly demonstrated the pronounced anti-psoriasis activity of as-prepared PCC-CDs on ameliorating the appearance, psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) scores as well as histopathological morphology of both back tissues and right ears in IMQ-induced mouse. Further potential mechanisms behind the anti-psoriasis activities may be related to the anti-inflammation effects of PCC-CDs by descending the serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-17A). Conclusion: These results suggested that PCC-CDs have potential to be an anti-psoriasis candidate for clinical applications to treat psoriasis, which not only provided an evidence for further broadening the biological application of CDs, but also provided a potential hope for application nanodrugs to treat thorny diseases.
Further Engineering of R. Toruloides for the Production of Terpenes From Lignocellulosic Biomass
Authors: Kirby James , Geiselman Gina M. , Yaegashi Junko , Kim Joonhoon , Zhuang Xun , Tran-Gymfi Mary Bao , Prahl Jan-Philip , Sundstrom Eric R. , Gao Yuqian , Munoz Nathalie Munoz , Burnum-Johnson Kristin E. , Benites Veronica T. , Baidoo Edward E. K. , Fuhrmann Anna , Seibel Katharina , Webb-Robertson Bobbie-Jo M. , Zucker Jeremy , Nicora Carrie D. , Tanjore Deepti , Magnuson Jon K. , Skerker Jeffrey M. , Gladden John M.
Published: December 2020

Background: Mitigation of climate change requires that new routes for the production of fuels and chemicals be as oil-independent as possible. The microbial conversion of lignocellulosic feedstocks into terpene-based biofuels and bioproducts represents one such route. This work builds upon previous demonstrations that the single-celled carotenogenic basidiomycete, Rhodosporidium toruloides, is a promising host for the production of terpenes from lignocellulosic hydrolysates. Results:This study focuses on the optimization of production of the monoterpene 1,8-cineole and the sesquiterpene α-bisabolene in R. toruloides. The α-bisabolene titer attained in R. toruloides was found to be proportional to the copy number of the bisabolene synthase (BIS) expression cassette, which in turn influenced the expression level of several native mevalonate pathway genes. The addition of more copies of BIS under a stronger promoter resulted in production of α-bisabolene at 2.2 g/L from lignocellulosic hydrolysate in a 2 L fermenter. Production of 1,8-cineole was found to be limited by availability of the precursor geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GPP) and expression of an appropriate GPP synthase increased the monoterpene titer 4-fold to 143 mg/L at bench scale. Targeted mevalonate pathway metabolite analysis suggested that 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGR), mevalonate kinase (MK) and phosphomevalonate kinase (PMK) may be pathway bottlenecks are were therefore selected as targets for overexpression. Expression of HMGR, MK, and PMK orthologs and growth in an optimized lignocellulosic hydrolysate medium increased the 1,8-cineole titer an additional 10-fold to 1.4 g/L. Expression of the same mevalonate pathway genes did not have as large an impact on α-bisabolene production, although the final titer was higher at 2.6 g/L. Furthermore, mevalonate pathway intermediates accumulated in the mevalonate-engineered strains, suggesting room for further improvement. Conclusions:This work brings R. toruloides closer to being able to make industrially relevant quantities of terpene from lignocellulosic biomass.