bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rayleigh-Wave Amplitude Uncertainty across the Global Seismographic Network and Potential Implications for Global Tomography
Authors: Ringler Adam T. , Anthony Robert E. , Dalton Colleen A. , Wilson David C.
Published: March 2021

The Global Seismographic Network (GSN) is a multiuse, globally distributed seismic network used by seismologists, to both characterize earthquakes and study the Earth’s interior. Most stations in the network have two collocated broadband seismometers, which enable network operators to identify potential metadata and sensor issues. In this study, we investigate the accuracy with which surface waves can be measured across the GSN, by comparing waveforms of vertical-component Rayleigh waves from Mw 6 and larger events between collocated sensor pairs. We calculate both the amplitude deviation and correlation coefficient between waveforms at sensor pairs. In total, we make measurements on over 670,000 event–station pairs from events that occurred from 1 January 2010 to 1 January 2020. We find that the average sensor-pair amplitude deviation, and, therefore, GSN calibration level, is, approximately, 4% in the 25–250 s period band. Although, we find little difference in sensor-pair amplitude deviations as a function of period across the entire network, the amount of useable data decreases rapidly as a function of increasing period. For instance, we determined that just over 12% of records at 250 s period provided useable recordings (e.g., sensor-pair amplitude deviations of less than 20% and sensor-pair correlation greater than 0.95). We then use these amplitude-estimate deviations to identify how data coverage and quality could be limiting our ability to invert for whole Earth 3D attenuation models. We find an increase in the variance of our attenuation models with increasing period. For example, our degree 12 attenuation inversion at 250 s period shows 32% more variance than our degree 12 attenuation model at 25 s. This indicates that discrepancies of deep-mantle tomography between studies could be the result of these large uncertainties. Because these high uncertainties arise from limited, high-quality observations of long-period (>100  s) surface waves, improving data quality at remote GSN sites could greatly improve ray-path coverage, and facilitate more accurate and higher resolution models of deep Earth structure.
Aplicativos de Mensagens Instantâneas em Contextos de Aprendizagem
Authors: Marques Josemeyre Bonifácio da Silva , De Godoi e Silva Katia Alexandra
Published: March 2021

ResumoO ensino a distância assumiu um papel fundamental com a Pandemia causada pelo coronavírus. Dessa forma, os aplicativos de mensagens instantâneas deixaram de ser apenas formas de comunicação social e assumiram papel importante dentro do contexto do ensino e aprendizagem. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo fazer uma análise crítica das evidências disponíveis na literatura sobre a utilização de aplicativos de mensagem instantânea em contextos de aprendizagem. Para o recorte deste estudo se construiu a revisão integrativa da literatura, e com o levantamento bibliográfico. através da base de dados do Portal de Periódicos CAPES, com termos de busca: “instant messaging application and andragogy. Foram selecionados cinco artigos que tratavam dos seguintes aplicativos: Line, Telegram, WeChat e WhatsApp. Os artigos e as análises revelam, de modo geral, que os aplicativos de mensagem instantânea podem ser utilizados para disseminar informações; contribuir para a aprendizagem de alunos; promover mudanças no comportamento; melhorar a permanência dos estudantes em estudos; atuar como uma plataforma de ensino e aprendizagem colaborativa.

Palavras-chave: WhatsApp. WeChat. Line, Andragogia, Ensino Superior.

AbstractDistance learning has taken on a fundamental role with the pandemic caused by the coronavirus. Therefore, instant messaging applications are no longer just forms of social communication and have assumed an important role within the teaching and learning context. The present work aimed to make a critical analysis of the evidence available in the literature on the use of instant messaging applications in learning contexts. For the cutoff of this study, an integrative literature review was carried out, and with the bibliographic survey through the CAPES Journal Portal database with search terms “instant messaging application and andragogy”. Five articles were selected that dealt with the following Applications: Line, Telegram, WeChat and WhatsApp applications. Articles and analyzes reveal, in general, that the use of instant messaging applications can be used to disseminate information; contribute to student learning; promote changes in behavior; improve students' stay in studies; act as a collaborative teaching and learning platform.

Keywords: WhatsApp. Wechat. Line. Andragogy. Higher Education
Pera esto se en romanço tomar. Um documento notarial e poético de Santa Clara de Santarém
Authors: Souto Cabo José António
Published: March 2021

O Arquivo Nacional da Torre do Tombo custodia o fundo documental do mosteiro de Santa Clara de Santarém. Entre os materiais nele agrupados, figura um texto de doação em galego-português, versão de um original latino. O documento redigido na nossa língua contém, à parte do texto notarial, um poema em que se reflecte sobre a própria tradução e a possibilidade de serem introduzidas correcções. Os objectivos que persegue este trabalho são fundamentalmente dois: por um lado, tentar uma aproximação à data em que se poderia localizar o texto; e, por outro lado, reflectir à volta do seu autor. O contributo vai acompanhado de duas propostas de edição do documento e de um estudo paleográfico e linguístico dele, bem como de uma análise dessa pequena poesia.
Breve confrontación do galego co inglés: achegas históricas e fonéticas
Authors: Vila Penedo Xoán
Published: March 2021

O inglés, que pasa por ser a lingua franca internacional na actualidade, padeceu na Idade Media unha relación de sometemento a respecto do francés, como acontece na actualidade na Galiza entre o galego e o español; outrosí, o seu sistema fonético e fonolóxico presenta notorias diferenzas (mais tamén algunha relativa similutude) co noso idioma. E pensamos que ambos os aspectos, o histórico e o fonético, poden ser aproveitados nas salas de ensino, co que, na nosa opinión, o alumnado resultaría beneficiado.
Review of Accessible America: A History of Disability and Design by Bess Williamson
Authors: Ulmer Jessica
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
Review of Intelligent Lives directed by Dan Habib
Authors: Carey Allison C.
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
Review of Capitalism and Disability: Selected Writings by Marta Russell edited by Keith Rosenthal
Authors: Carey Allison C.
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
Review of Trauma and Disability in Mad Max: Beyond the Road Warrior's Fury by Mick Broderick and Katie Ellis
Authors: Kattari Shanna K.
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
Review of Literary Bioethics: Animality, Disability, and the Human by Maren Tova Linett
Authors: Gabbard D. Christopher
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
Review of Excluded by Choice: Urban Students with Disabilities in the Education Marketplace by Federico R. Waitoller
Authors: Connor David J.
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
Review of Disability and Life Writing in Post-Independence Ireland by Elizabeth Grubgeld
Authors: McGoldrick Kathleen
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
Review of Intellectual Disability in the Twentieth Century: Transnational Perspectives on People, Policy and Practice edited by Jan Walmsley and Simon Jarrett
Authors: Barritt Anna
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
Review of Disabled Bodies in Early Modern Spanish Literature: Prostitutes, Aging Women and Saints by Encarnación Juárez-Almendros
Authors: Parker Leah Pope
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
Review of Articulating Bodies: The Narrative Form of Disability and Illness in Victorian Fiction by Kylee-Anne Hingston
Authors: Simundich Joel
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
Review of Decarcerating Disability: Deinstitutionalization and Prison Abolition by L. Ben-Moshe
Authors: Peer Viki
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
Review of Constructing the (M)other: Narratives of Disability, Motherhood, and the Politics of "Normal" by P. Lalvani
Authors: Maghzi Kimiya Sohrab
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
Review of An Ethnography of Severe Intellectual Disability: Becoming 'Dirty Little Freaks' by Jocelyn D. Avery
Authors: Bukowski Noah
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
Review of Employment and Disability: Issues, Innovations, and Opportunities edited by Susanne Bruyère
Authors: Clegg Geoffrey
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
Review of Disability Hate Crime: Experiences of Everyday Hostility on Public Transport by David Wilkin
Authors: Hartness Heather
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
Review of Negotiating Disability: Disclosure and Higher Education edited by Stephanie L. Kerschbaum, Laura T. Eisenman, and James M. Jones
Authors: Wilkes Lydia
Published: March 2021

No abstract available.
CHEMISTRY EXERCISES IN IGCSE EXAM AND VIETNAMESE EXAM FOR STUDENT IN GRADE 9: WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENCES?
Authors: Nguyen Tue Anh , Tran Trung Ninh
Published: March 2021

IGCSE is the short term of International General Certificate of Secondary Education. This is one of the most popular Certificates for secondary school seniors before they come to the next levels such as A-level or pre-university. This article introduces about IGCSE chemistry program of the United Kingdom, one of the best educations in the world, and focuses on analyzing the differences between chemistry exercises in Vietnamese grade 9 students’ exams and the ones of the IGCSE program. From the comparison, the research also gives some comments about the chemistry exercises in IGCSE exams like strong points or limitations when we apply it in Vietnam. The object of this research is the comparison between the IGCSE program and the Vietnamese program in terms of chemistry exams, apply to Vietnamese grade 9 students, except the ones who take the national\international exams for outstanding students. The experiences of building up diverse and practical chemistry exercises, focusing on the chemical nature of Cambridge are valuable lessons for Chemistry teachers in Vietnam.
On The Voronoi Diagram and Taxicab Plane
Authors: AKÇA Ziya , ÇALIŞ Ceyda
Published: March 2021

In this work, Voronoi diagrams, Fortune algorithm and Voronoi diagrams in the Taxicab plane are investigated.
Cr Dopant Effect on MgO Thin Film Structural, Optical and Morphology Properties
Authors: TAŞER Ahmet , GÜLDÜREN Muhammed , GÜNEY Harun
Published: March 2021

Ardışık iyonik tabaka adsorpsiyon reaksiyonu (SILAR) yöntemi ile üretilen MgO ince filmleri üzerinde Cr katkı maddesinin etkisi araştırıldı. Cr katkı maddesinin MgO ince filmler üzerindeki etkisi UV-Vis spektroskopisi, XRD (X-ışını kırınımı), SEM (taramalı elektron mikroskobu) ölçümleri ile optik, yapısal ve morfolojik özellikleri araştırılmıştır. Katkısız ve Cr katkılı MgO ince filmlerin UV-Vis spektroskopi ölçümleri, Cr katkı maddesinin yükselmesine bağlı olarak, MgO nano yapılarının bant aralığının 4.00 eV'den 3.45 eV'a kadar azaldığı gösterilmiştir. Numunelerin XRD ölçümleri, numunelerin kübik yapılar olduğunu ve (200) ve (220) kristal yapı düzenlerine sahip olduklarını göstermiştir. Yüzey morfolojileri, hem MgO hem de Cr katkılı MgO ince filmlerinin nanowall yapılarına sahip olduğu ve MgO nano yapılarının yüzey şekileri Cr katkısı dolayısıyla değiştiği gösterilmiştir.
Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds of Artemisia campestris subsp. glutinosa, Lavandula angustifolia Mill., and Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Plants using SPME/GC-MS
Authors: KARADAĞ Musa , KOYUNCU Mubin , ARAS Abdülmelik , ATALAR Mehmet Nuri
Published: March 2021

The definition of the volatile organic compounds profile of the plants is an important tool for food quality and authenticity assessment. The aim of this study was to the quantitative determination of volatile compounds of the three plants Artemisia campestris L. subsp. glutinosa, Lavandula angustifolia Mill., and Zingiber officinale rosch. using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (SPME/GC-MS). Thirty-three volatile compounds were determined in the application of SPME/GC-MS. α-Curcumene (%34.41), eucalyptol (%20.91), was characterized as a major volatile compound in the ginger Zingiber officinale rosch. plant extract. For Artemisia campestris subsp. glutinosa, camphor (31.78), and α-Thujone (16.82) was found as the most abundant volatile compounds. Besides eucalyptol (15.10), and linalool (11.98) were detected as major volatile compounds in the Lavandula angustifolia Mill. plant extract.
Investigation of Antioxidant Activities and Hypoglycemic Effect of Black and White Myrtle Fruits
Authors: ÇİFTÇİ YEGİN Sevim , GÜDER Aytaç
Published: March 2021

Fruits, are in black or white colour Mrytus communis, is known as locally name murt, hambales, mersin. It is an aromatic and medicinal plant that grows naturally in maquis form in regions with Mediterranean climate. We aimed to investigate the hypoglycemic effect and antioxidant activity of Myrtus communis L. in this research. White-black myrtle were collected from Hassa-Hatay and Tarsus-Mersin, respectively in October. Fruits were separated from the leaves and dried in the oven at 40ºC. Fruit extracts were obtained in absolute ethanol (1:15) by using magnetic stirrer at the room temperature for one day.
In this study, radical scaving activity-(DPPH), the hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity-(HPSA), metal chelating activity-(MCA), ferric reducing antioxidant power activity-(FRAP), total phenol-flavonoid contents and α-amylase, α-glycosidase inhibition were examined to determine characteristics of samples. DPPH and HPSA values were expressed as µg/ml in terms of SC50. FRAP and MCA features of extract were given as % activity. The hypoglycemic effect was investigated with -amylase--glucosidase inhibition assays. The DPPH-HPSA-FRAP-MCA of white-black myrtle samples were found 56.75-63.52 µg/ml, 193.95-207.73 µg/ml, 81.68-90.87%, and 20.88-27.71%, respectively. When the antioxidant results compare with the used standards such as Buthylated-Hydroxy-Anisole, Rutin, Trolox, white-black myrtle samples have effective antioxidant activity. Samples have shown hypoglycemic effect.
Hybroid: A Novel Hybrid Android Malware Detection Framework
Authors: KABAKUŞ Abdullah Talha
Published: March 2021

Android, the most widely-used mobile operating system, attracts the attention of malware developers as well as benign users. Despite the serious proactive actions taken by Android, the Android malware is still widespread as a result of the increasing sophistication and the diversity of malware. Android malware detection systems are generally classified into two: (1) Static analysis, and (2) dynamic analysis. In this study, a novel Android malware detection framework, namely, Hybroid, was proposed which combines both the static and dynamic analysis techniques to benefit from the advantages of both of these techniques. An up-to-date version of Android, namely, Android Oreo, was specifically employed in order to handle the problem from an up-to-date perspective as the recent versions of Android provide new security mechanisms, which are discussed with this study. Hybroid was evaluated on a large dataset that consists of 10,658 applications, and the accuracy of Hybroid was calculated as high as 99.5% when it was utilized with the J48 classification algorithm which outperforms the state-of-the-art studies. The key findings in consequence of the experimental result are discussed in order to shed light on Android malware detection.
Epileptic Seizure Detection based on EEG Signal using Boosting Classifiers
Authors: MOSTAFA POUR Nasım , ÖZBEK Yücel
Published: March 2021

The detection of epileptic seizures by electroencephalography (EEG) signals has become a standard method for the diagnosis of epilepsy. Accurate and automatic detection of epileptic seizures is needed since manual identification of epileptic seizures by specialist neurologists is a time consuming and labor intensive process, which also leads to various errors. For this purpose, frequency-based features were extracted from the EEG signal and a various classifiers based on ensemble learning was used to detect epileptic seizures automatically. The performance of the proposed method was tested using cross-validation and cross-patient experiments. According to the experimental results, sensitivity, specificity and accuracy rates were 94%, 93% and 93% for cross-validation and 76%, 90% and 90% for cross-patients, respectively.
A study on the prevalence of ocular disorders among school going children in the age group of 5 to 12 years
Authors: A Haleema , N Vasantha , K P Raheena , P S Parvathy , Haneef Mohammed
Published: March 2021

The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of various ocular disorders among school going children in the age group of 5 to12 years.

: Vision screening is crucial for early detection of ocular disorders among young children thereby preventing the risk of uncorrectable dimunition of vision. Hence, our programme is planned as early detection of the causative factors in the childhood period and most effectively treat as early as possible.

The purpose of the screening programme is to identify various ocular diseases in children like refractive errors, amblyopia, defective color vision, lid and adnexal disorders, vitamin A deficiency, allergic conjuctivitis, glaucoma, cataract and squint. Identification of such problems and its correction in early stage is crucial for their normal growth.

A school based prospective cross sectional study design was adopted to examine children aged 5–12 years in randomly selected schools of Kollam district from January 2020 to March 2020. In this cross-sectional study, two Optometrist and two Ophthalmologist and other supportive staffs screened 3100 school children aged 5 to 12 years for vision and external eye examination. An Optometrist did the visual acuity testing and refraction. Detailed ophthalmic examination was done by an Ophthalmologist. The pattern of visual acuity, colour vision and ocular disorders were studied. Children needing further assessment were referred to the hospital and analysis of the data and data entry done using Microsoft office excel 2016 with Statistical software: R software (EZR 1.32).

: A total number of 3100 students from 11 different schools were examined, 1570 of whom were males, and 1530 were females. The commonest eye disorder was refractive error 16.6% (514) in which most common was myopic astigmatism 78.2% (402) of which 322 were against the rule and 80 were with the rule astigmatism, followed by simple myopia 15.2%(78) simple hypermetropia 4.7%(25) and hypermetropic astigmatism 1.7%(9). Of these spectacles usage was found to be present only in 81.3% (418) students, rest 18.7%(96) were not aware of the refractive error. Next common eye disorder was allergic conjunctivitis 1.6%(49).

Squint was present in 1.4%(42) children. Corneal opacity was present in 0.26%(8), defective color vision was there in 0.2%(6); lids and adnexal disorders 0.13%(4) and cataract 0.03%(1). There were no students with congenital anomalies, congenital glaucoma or Vitamin A deficiency.

Uncorrected refractive error is the most common visual impairment found in school going children. There is a need to set up a regular school vision-screening programme to detect ocular disorders in order to prevent the burden on society on long term. Since most of this morbidity is either preventable or completely treatable, school screening is an effective method to reduce this burden.
Location and Volume Determination of Hydrogen Refueling Stations Based on Oligopoly Equilibrium
Authors: Huang Yuansheng , Tian Lixia , Zhao Hengfeng , Sun Shize , Deng Jiajia , Liu Shuang
Published: March 2021

The energy transformation in China is picking up speed, thanks to the mass development and utilization of various clean energies. As an emerging clean energy, hydrogen energy has been highly recognized, and gradually introduced to industry and transport. As a result, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (HFCVs) attract a growing attention from the government and the public. However, the is a severe lack of hydrogen refueling stations (HRSs). Therefore, this paper explores into the determination of HRS location and volume. The HRS investment market was treated as an oligopoly market, due to the huge investment and few investors of HRSs. To ensure the long-term balanced development of hydrogenation, it is assumed that all investors fully analyze the possible investment behaviors of competitors and HFCV driver preference before making any investment decision. On this basis, a multi-agent optimization model was established to determine the location and volume of HRSs. The results show that, to avoid supply-demand imbalance induced by information asymmetry, the HRSs should be constructed along with an intelligent software platform, which provides HFCV drivers with rich information on hydrogenation service. Our model helps investors determine the core issues of the HRS, including location, size, and supply scale.
Effect of Ethanol-Biodiesel-Diesel Blend on Performance and Emission Characteristics of a DI Diesel Engine
Authors: Jagtap Sharad P. , Pawar Anand N. , Lahane Subhash
Published: March 2021

A significant increase in every nation’s energy demand and insufficient conventional energy reservoirs for long duration, there became necessary requirement to shift from non-renewable to renewable energy sources. Diesel and biodiesel fuels have different thermo physical properties; hence performance and emission output parameters are also different compares with each other. For effective utilization of biodiesel, the characteristics of conventional single cylinder diesel engine with changing load and static speed (1500 rev/min) conditions are evaluated. The baseline diesel, biodiesel - diesel (BD) B08 [8% biodiesel blended with diesel] and ethanol-biodiesel-diesel (EBD) E05B08 [5% ethanol and 8% biodiesel blended with diesel] by v/v ratio are used for experimentation. Brake thermal efficiency (BTE) reduced from 29.14% with diesel to 27.64% with biodiesel and 28.49% with ethanol blends. It is observed that BTE reduced by 1.5% with biodiesel blend and 0.65% only with ethanol blend. The CO, HC and opacity of exhaust gas pollutants are reduced with biodiesel blend fuel and also further reduced with EBD blend. NOx formation with B08 fuel is enhanced to 1967 ppm from 1557 ppm of baseline diesel whereas it is slightly increased to 1734 ppm by E05B08 fuel.
Joule Heating and Dissipation Effects on Magnetohydrodynamic Couple Stress Nanofluid Flow over a Bidirectional Stretching Surface
Authors: Tarakaramu Nainaru , Narayana Panyam Venkata Satya , Babu Dondu Harish , Sarojamma Ganganapalli , Makinde Oluwole Daniel
Published: March 2021

This work examines the effects of non-linear thermal radiation and Joule heating on MHD three-dimensional visco-elastic nanofluid flow due to a surface stretching in lateral directions. A coupled nonlinear differential system is generated from the boundary layer equations by using self-similarity variables and is then solved numerically by using most powerful shooting technique with Runge Kutta method of fourth order. The computational results for the flow variables are plotted graphically and are discussed in detail for various governing parameters that emerged in the analysis. It is observed that the momentum of the visco elastic nanofluid is better than that of a viscous fluid. Thicker thermal and concentration boundary layers are formed for increasing nonlinear thermal radiation and temperature ratio parameters. Also the results are in very good agreement with the outcomes available in the literature as a particular case. This model may play a significant role in the field of manufacturing and engineering applications.
Temperature Field Distribution and Thermal Stability of Roadbed in Permafrost Regions
Authors: Cheng Youkun , Shi Zhenwu , Zu Fajin
Published: March 2021

Many highways and railways in western China are built on permafrost roadbed. Frost heave and thaw settlement might cause diseases to frozen soil roadbed, such as deformation and cracking. For long-term operation, frozen soil roadbed should be kept stable and durable. Therefore, this paper analyzes the distribution law of temperature field of roadbed in permafrost regions, under the effect of thermal stability. Based on the thermodynamic properties of permafrost, the authors analyzed the influence of engineering geological factors, roadbed structural factors, and natural environmental factors on the thermal stability of frozen soil roadbed. Next, the antifreeze mechanism of frozen soil roadbed was described, together with the calculation methods for the relevant parameters. Afterwards, the temperature field of the roadbed with low thermal conductivity insulation material was analyzed by two methods, namely, steady-state thermal analysis and transient thermal analysis, and the solving process of roadbed temperature field was explained in details. The proposed analysis method and solving algorithm were proved valid through experiments. The research results provide a reference for the reasonable design of frozen soil roadbed.
Impact of Solar Irradiance and Ambient Temperature on PV Inverter Reliability Considering Geographical Locations
Authors: Kshatri Sainadh Singh , Dhillon Javed , Mishra Sachin
Published: March 2021

Today inverter system is one of the enabling technologies for efficiently harnessing energy from renewable energy sources (Solar, Wind, etc.,) and also for high reliable grid interfacing systems. With the advancements in power electronics, inverter conversion efficiency pushed to 98%, also PV is becoming a major renewable energy source globally. Nevertheless, the reliability performance of PV inverter is of high concern. Different environmental factors like solar irradiance, ambient temperature (also called Mission Profile) affect the reliability performance of PV inverter. Environmental conditions vary from location to location. Hence to quantify the reliability performance of PV inverter all these factors need to be considered. In this paper reliability performance of PV inverter is evaluated considering environmental factors and geographical locations. For the reliability evaluation, a 1-ϕ, 3-kW grid connected PV system is developed in PLECS. Full bridge PV inverter with 600V/30A IGBT is employed as the interface between grid and PV source. Real time mission profile data of one-year logs at India (Relatively hot climate) and Denmark (Relatively cold climate) to account for environmental factors and geographical locations during the reliability performance evaluation of PV inverter. Monte Carlo simulation is used to generate a population of 20000 samples with 5% variation. Lifetime for 20000 samples is calculated and fitted in Two Parameter Weibull distribution. B10 lifetime is calculated at two locations. The results of this paper reveal that environmental factors and geographical locations have a significant impact on PV inverter reliability performance.
Investigation of Wall Function Effects on Aerodynamic Characteristics of Turbulent Flow Around a Simplified High-Speed Train
Authors: Hajipour Alireza , Lavasani Arash Mirabdolah , Yazdi Mohammad Eftekhari
Published: March 2021

Modelling of turbulence is a vital issue for flow forecasting which is of great interest for most of engineering applications like flow over planes, movement of pollutants and some industrial processes. Originally, via solving the government equations (Navier-Stokes equations) the flow field can be simulated. With developing PCs and high-performance computers, implementing of Navier-Stokes equations for numerical simulation is increasing. In this research, the effects of some wall functions on aerodynamic and turbulence behavior of air flow around a simplified high-speed train via OpenFOAM software are numerically investigated. In the following, first, the effects of some default and common wall functions of OpenFOAM on the flow and aerodynamic key parameters are analyzed and then, a relatively new wall function called “Enhanced Wall Function” was implemented from ANSYS FLUENT into OpenFOAM and improvement for comprehensive simulation. Variations of flow key parameters such as velocity, pressure distribution and aerodynamic significant components and parameters such as lift, drag and side coefficients under the influence of wall functions changes are illustrated. The results could be used for obtaining more accurate analysis of aerodynamic characteristics of fluid flow around high-speed trains.
Intrusion Detection Models Using Supervised and Unsupervised Algorithms - A Comparative Estimation
Authors: Sirisha Aswadati , Chaitanya Kosaraju , Krishna Komanduri Venkata Sesha Sai Rama , Kanumalli Satya Sandeep
Published: March 2021

Intrusion Detection is a protection device that tracks and identifies inappropriate network behaviors. Several computer simulation methods for identifying network infiltrations have been suggested. The existing mechanisms are not adequate to cope with network protection threats that expand exponentially with Internet use. Unbalanced groups are one of the issues with datasets. This paper outlines the implementation and study on classification and identification of anomaly in different machine learning algorithms for network dependent intrusion. A number of balanced and unbalanced data sets are known as benchmarks for assessments by NSLKDD and CICIDS. For deciding the right range of options for app collection is the Random Forest Classifier. The chosen logistic regression, decision trees, random forest, naive bayes, nearest neighbors, K-means, isolation forest, locally-based outliers are a group of algorithms that have been monitored and unmonitored for their use. Results from implementations reveal that Random Forest beats the other approaches for supervised learning, though K-Means does better than others.
Kościół i parafia w doświadczeniach polskich migrantów
Authors: Adamczyk Tomasz
Published: March 2021

The article shows the institutional and societal dimension of the religiosity of Polish migrants in Great Britain. Three issues were subjected to sociological analysis: church, parish and clergy, which were presented from the perspective of the respondents’ experience. Empirical material was collected using the qualitative research method using in-depth interview techniques. Sociological analysis has shown that in a pluralistic society, changes in the institutional parameter of religiosity are multidirectional. In a multicultural society, some migrants negatively assess the institutional dimension of the functioning of the Church or parish, for others, especially in the context of migration, they become important and much needed. The assessment of the clergy is also diversified and often depends on the level of religiosity of the examined person.
On the Birth of Economic Science During the Italian-Scottish Enlightenment: Two Paradigms Compared
Authors: Zamagni Stefano
Published: March 2021

The essay pursues a double aim. On the one hand, it offers a comparative analysis of the two main economic paradigms of the Enlightment period, i.e. the political economy one, associated with the name of Adam Smith, and thecivil economy one, associated to the name of Antonio Genovesi. On the other hand, it gives reasons why, in the last quarter of a century, the civil economy paradigm is gaining more and more grounds. The paper ends up with some considerations on the major drawbacks of libertarian individualism in the present epoch.
A Longitudinal Study of Retinopathy of Prematurity at Great Eastern Medical School and Hospital, Srikakulam
Authors: Sativada Lakshmi , Vudayana Dineshkanth , P Tejapraveen , Behra Jogendra Prasad
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a vasculopathy affecting the premature retina. In India ROP is increasing due to the increased premature deliveries, well improved neonatal care and better neonatal survival rate. ROP screening by an experienced ophthalmologist plays an important role in screening, identifying and management of at-risk premature infants. Nowadays, the gold standard treatment is laser photocoagulation of avascular retina and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) depending on the severity of disease. METHODS This observational study included 152 babies who were referred to the Department of Ophthalmology at Great Eastern Medical School (GEMS), Srikakulam for ROP screening. The screening of eyes was done with a binocular indirect ophthalmoscope with 20 D lens. Eyes were examined by application of topical anaesthetic drops after applying topical tropicamide drops till full dilatation was noted. ROP was staged and treatment was given accordingly. RESULTS Totally 152 infants were screened for ROP in the Department of Ophthalmology. Babies with gestational age between 26 weeks and 36 weeks were included in the present study. Babies with birth weight between 900 gm and 2000 gm were also included in the study. Of the 152 babies which were included in the study, 54 babies presented with different stages of ROP. The incidence of ROP in the present study was found out to be 35.5 %. When incidence of ROP was noted with respect to birthweight, in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) babies, incidence was found out to be 71.4 %; in very low birth weight (VLBW) babies incidence rate was found to be 48.4 %. When incidence of ROP was noted with respect to gestational age ROP incidence was found to be 65.2 % in babies with gestational age of < 32 weeks. There was no association with gender in the incidence of ROP. When ROP incidence was noted in babies who received O2 therapy 59.2 % babies who received O2 therapy developed ROP. CONCLUSIONS In our study, at our institute the incidence of ROP was 35.5 %. With appropriate screening for the babies at risk we can prevent the development of ROP and further complications. According to study results our recommendations are that initial screening should to be done as early as 4 weeks of postnatal age or 34 - 35 weeks post conceptional age and to be followed till term gestation. In the present study we found that usage of anti VEGF came out with promising outcome results. The procedure of anti VEGF was relatively safe and easy with a smaller number of complications when compared to laser photocoagulation. KEYWORDS Retinopathy of Prematurity, Laser Photocoagulation, Indirect Ophthalmoscope, Tropicamide, Anti VEGF
A Clinical Study on Ocular Surface Disorders in Intensive Care Unit Patients at S.V.R.R.G.G.H., Tirupati - A Hospital Based Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Bukke Sidda Naik , Gurapa Ramachandraiah , Chari Geetha Kumari Kanchi Shanmuga , Mandalaneni Ramya Sree
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND Due to the impaired ocular defence mechanisms, patients in the intensive care unit are more prone for ocular surface disorders. This creates the need for identifying the causal factors and educating the health care staff working in (intensive care unit) ICU, regarding ocular surface disorders. The prevalence of ocular surface disorders in ICU patients is about 60 %.1 We wanted to study the proportion and causative factors of ocular surface disorders in intensive care unit patients. METHODS A cross sectional study was conducted among 100 patients admitted in intensive care unit of S.V.R.R.G.G. Hospital, Tirupathi, for a duration of one year. A detailed history, clinical examination, fluorescein staining, Schirmer’s test and conjunctival cultures was done. RESULTS Out of 100 patients, 50 patients were on ventilator support and 50 patients were without ventilator support in ICU. Overall prevalence of superficial punctate keratitis was 78 %, lagophthalmos 20 %, dry eyes 88 %, microbial keratitis 17 % in patients. The prevalence of ocular surface disorders was more in ventilator supported patients. CONCLUSIONS Ocular examination should be a part of routine examination in an intensive care unit setting, because the risk of microbial keratitis can be reduced by preventing exposure keratopathy with the help of meticulous eye care. KEYWORDS Ocular Surface Disorders, Intensive Care Unit, Ventilator Support, Microbial Keratitis, Eye Care
Relation of Gallbladder Cancer, Gallbladder Stones and Breast Cancer with Polluted Rivers – A Case Control Study in the Indo-Gangetic Plains
Authors: Sreen Amit , Singh Harinder Pal , Guleria Vivek , Verma Niket
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND Gallbladder cancer and breast cancer are two common malignancies seen along the Ganges River and the Indo-Gangetic plains of northern India, especially in the states of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. Some of the postulated aetiologies include cholelithiasis (gallstones), typhoid carrier state, dietary factors, genetic predisposition and chemical carcinogens. Studies have also linked gallbladder cancer and breast cancer to carcinogens in polluted rivers. We undertook this study to investigate as to whether these conditions and gallstones were more prevalent in populations living close to polluted rivers. We also wanted to investigate as to whether there is any association between gallbladder cancer, gallstones and breast cancer with river pollution. METHODS This was a case-control study carried out in the Department of Oncology of a tertiary level defence hospital between 2018 and 2020. Patients who were diagnosed as having gallbladder cancer, gallstones or breast cancer in this tertiary institute, and were permanent residents of Uttar Pradesh or Bihar were included in the study. RESULTS In this study, we found that patients with gallbladder cancer, gallstones and breast cancer had their home closer to the river at a distance of around 53.9, 54 and 39.1 Kms. respectively compared to controls whose homes were at a distance of 76.7 Kms. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that proximity to polluted rivers is one more factor in the aetiology of aforementioned diseases. Governmental agencies must consider monitoring and controlling the release of pollutants from the industries into the local nearby rivers. KEYWORDS Gallbladder Neoplasms, Drinking Water, Gallstones, Public Health
Dynamics of the generator with three circuits in the feedback loop. Multistability formation and transition to chaos
Authors:   Saratov State University, Astakhov Oleg V. , Astakhov Sergey V. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Fadeeva Natalia S. ,   Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, Astakhov Vladimir V. ,   Saratov State University
Published: March 2021

Background and Objectives: Studying the dynamical mechanisms of the emergence of nonlinear phenomena that are characteristic for multimode self-oscillating systems consisting of interacting oscillators and an ensemble of passive oscillators or representing active nonlinear systems with complex feedback channels is an important urgent task. The simplest example of a self-oscillating system with a complex feedback is the well-known classical van der Pol oscillator with an additional linear oscillatory circuit included in the feedback channel. We investigate the behavior of the multimode system increasing the number of oscillatory circuits in the oscillator’s feedback loop. The research in this paper can help to better understand the mechanisms of multistability formation in infinite-dimensional self-oscillating systems such as a generator with delayed feedback and a generator with distributed feedback. Materials and Methods: The system equations were derived for the electronic scheme of the self-oscillating system. To describe the existing dynamic modes by numerical simulation methods, the projections of the phase portraits and the Poincare sections were obtained. To study the mechanisms of formation of multistable states, the bifurcation analysis methods were used. Results: It was found that the mechanism underlying the multistability formation is based on a sequence of two supercritical Andronov – Hopf bifurcations and a subcritical Neymark – Saker bifurcation. Therefore, the multistability emerges as a result of gaining stability by the unstable limit set that existed before the multistability appears. Conclusion: The discovered mechanism of multistability formation opens up wide possibilities for managing the multistability, which are inaccessible for systems in which the multistability is realized through tangential bifurcations. In contrast to the tangential bifurcation, the subcritical Neymark – Sacker bifurcation assumes the existence of a limit cycle both before and after the bifurcation. Thus, it is possible to use a wide range of methods and tools to stabilize saddle limit cycles in order to control the boundaries of the multistability region in the space of control parameters of the system.
Sonophoretic acceleration of degradation process for vaterite particles delivered into the hair follicles
Authors:   Saratov State University, Svenskaya Yulia I. , Genina Elina A. ,   Saratov State University, Tuchin Valery V. ,   Saratov State University
Published: March 2021

Intrafollicular drug delivery is beneficial in terms of both localized therapy of relevant skin disorders and systemic transportation of bioactive molecules. Vaterite particles are capable of loading and delivering various substances to hair follicles. Possibility to control the duration of their intrafollicular degradation can improve such a particulate delivery system. Here, we propose the use of sonophoresis (1 MHz, 1 W/cm2 ) to accelerate the resorption of vaterite carriers inside the hair follicles of rats in vivo. The effect of sonication is demonstrated utilizing optical coherence tomography monitoring of the skin and scanning electron microscopy investigation of the plucked hairs. A nine-minute post-treatment of skin in the site of particle delivery allowed us to almost halve the time of their degradation.
In memory of Professor Lutz Schimansky-Geier
Authors:   Saratov State University, Anishchenko Vadim Semenovich
Published: March 2021

On November 23, 2020, a well-known theoretical physicist, a specialist in statistical physics, Professor of the Humboldt University of Berlin, Lutz Schimansky-Geier, passed away. He studied at the University of Rostock and received his diploma from the University of Yerevan. He was a student of Professor Werner Ebeling, with whom he worked almost all his life at the Humboldt University.
THE PRINCIPLE OF SOLIDARITY IN THE POST-INDUSTRIAL SOCIETY: CONTENT PECULIARITIES AND DEVELOPMENT TENDENCIES
Authors:   Head of the Scientific Department of Constitutional Law Research of the Center for Research of Justice Issues of the Russian State University of Justice (RSUJ) Professor of the Department of Land and Environmental Law of the Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (PFUR) Senior Research Scientist of the Department of Legal Studies of the Institute of Scientific Information for Social Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences (INION RAN) LL.D., Professor, Umnova-Konyukhova Irina A. , Aleshkova Irina A. ,   Senior Research Scientist of the Department of Legal Studies of the Institute of Scientific Information for Social Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences (INION RAN) PhD (Law), Associate Professor
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this scientific article is is to obtain new knowledge on the content peculiarities and development trends of the principle of solidarity in the post-industrial society. Solidarity is viewed as a basic principle for the establishment of the consolidation concept in internal and external relationships of the modern post-industrial society. Solidarity in internal affairs is assessed within the “man — society — state” interrelation chain. In external relationships, this principle forms the basis of integration international links. The fact that the principle of solidarity acquires a compound integrative nature and is subject to continuous differentiation in the post-industrial society is substantiated. It is emphasized that the meaning of the principle of solidarity as a public relationship harmonization instrument is steadily growing.
THE CONCEPT OF LEGAL PRINCIPLES, THEIR MEANING IN THE REGULATION OF FOREIGN TRADE RELATIONSHIPS
Authors:   Head of the Department of International Law of the Tambov State Technical University PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Iskevich Irina S.
Published: March 2021

One of the most important components of the world economy remains the foreign economic activity of its economic entities, which, in turn, includes foreign trade, or international trade, industrial cooperation, currency and financial and credit operations, as well as relations with international organizations. The article examines the characteristics and classification of the principles of legal regulation of foreign trade.
ISSUES OF THE NOTARIAL SYSTEM IN THE RUSSIAN LAW ENFORCEMENT SYSTEM IN MODERN CONDITIONS
Authors:   Senior Research Scientist of the Research Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia Member of the Academy of Military Sciences Doctor of Military Sciences, Professor, Pescherov Georgiy I.
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of the problems of notaries in the law enforcement system of Russia in modern conditions. The author adheres to the scientific position of a wide range of the “law enforcement system”, where any activity in society should be aimed at ensuring the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of citizens. Based on this, identifying the problems of notaries and their causes is the key to finding a rational solution towards the formation of the institution of notaries that meets the requirements of modern society. The main disputes of specialists are concentrated in the fluctuations between public and private notaries, as well as in the choice of a direction of development like the Latin notary and the introduction of the model of an active notary, where each direction has its own advantages and disadvantages. However, the process of development of society is endless and the ongoing globalization processes in the world require the unification of the activities of the notary, taking into account the national, ethnic and historical characteristics of states, which, ultimately, will significantly simplify economic and business cooperation between peoples of different countries.
THE NOTARIAL SYSTEM IN THE PREWAR YEARS AND DURING THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA TERRITORIES)
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Theory and History of State and Law of the Saransk Cooperative Institute of the Russian University of Cooperation PhD (History), Associate Professor, Tarakanova Natalya G. , Yambushev Fail Sh. ,   Head of the Department of Theory and History of State and Law of the Saransk Cooperative Institute of the Russian University of Cooperation PhD (Law), Associate Professor
Published: March 2021

The situation of notary bodies in the pre-war years and during the great Patriotic war are analyzes in the article. The article considers the reorganizations of the notary public that occurred during this period, as well as the personnel and material difficulties that the Institute experienced in the 1930s and 1940s. The information about the participation of notaries in combat operations at the front and the activities of notarial bodies in the rear is provided. Changes in the post-war policy towards notaries are also shown.
On the Liability for Mismanagement of a Residential Premise
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil Law and Procedure of the Belgorod University of Cooperation, Economics and Law PhD (Law), Vnukova Valentina A. , Shornikov Sergey V. ,   Consultant of the Offense Prevention Department of the Regional Security Directorate of the Governor’s Administration of the Belgorod Region
Published: March 2021

The issue of the legal nature of the termination of ownership rights to mismanaged residential premises, as well as the possibility of a court decision on the sale of unauthorized redeveloped or unauthorized remodeled premises in an apartment building at public auction is considered. Based on the analysis of theoretical provisions on legal liability, its public nature is justified.