bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Internet of Bio-Nano Things: A review of applications, enabling technologies and key challenges
Authors: Murat Kuscu  , Bige Deniz Unluturk
Published: December 2021

Internet of Bio-Nano Things (IoBNT) is envisioned to be a heterogeneous network of nanoscale and biological devices, so called Bio-Nano Things (BNTs), communicating via non-conventional means, e.g., molecular communications (MC), in non-conventional environments, e.g., inside human body. The main objective of this emerging networking framework is to enable direct and seamless interaction with biological systems for accurate sensing and control of their dynamics in real time. This close interaction between bio and cyber domains with unprecedentedly high spatio-temporal resolution is expected to open up vast opportunities to devise novel applications, especially in healthcare area, such as intrabody continuous health monitoring. There are, however, substantial challenges to be overcome if the enormous potential of the IoBNT is to be realized. These range from developing feasible nanocommunication and energy harvesting techniques for BNTs to handling the big data generated by IoBNT. In this survey, we attempt to provide a comprehensive overview of the IoBNT framework along with its main components and applications. An investigation of key technological challenges is presented together with a detailed review of the state-of-the-art approaches and a discussion of future research directions.
Information theoretic modeling of paranodal regions in myelinated axons
Authors: Caglar Koca  , Ozgur Ergul  , Meltem Civas  , Ozgur B. Akan
Published: December 2021

As a natural form of nanoscale communication, neuro-spike communication inspires the deployment of nanomachines inside the human body for healthcare. To this end, the identification of failure mechanisms in normal and diseased connections of nervous nano-networks is crucial. Thus, in this paper, we investigate the information transmission through a single myelinated axon segment. We introduce a realistic multi-compartmental model for a single myelinated segment by incorporating the axon's paranodal regions to the model. Next, we characterize the myelinated segment communication channel in terms of attenuation over the range of frequencies. Based on this, we derive the rate per channel use and upper bound on the information capacity. The performance evaluations reveal that our approach provides dramatic correction regarding frequency response. We believe that this result could have a significant effect on the characterization of demyelinated axons from the information and communication technology (ICT) perspective.
Pedagogy of Liberation: A Case of Nepal
Authors: Baral Roshan Raj
Published: December 2021

This paper looks into the experiment of New Democratic Education (NDE) as an alternative to the mainstream education in Nepal. It was carried out in Nepal by CPN (Maoist) during the period of People’s War from 1996 to 2006. Along with the emergence of new people’s government in western hilly districts of Nepal by 2003, the concrete foundation was laid to establish ‘new democratic schools’ with their own curriculum. Such a radical pedagogical intervention was in fact an attempt to oppose the present education system which is elitist in its model. The paper endeavours to examine the development and implementation of the NDE project in western Nepal. With the exploration of its curriculum including objectives, textbooks, instruction methods and evaluation system, this paper tries to depict the alternative discourse of school education backed by this experiment in Nepal as well as the counter-arguments. The method of the study constitutes review of the relevant documents and interviews.
Civic Engagement Through Critical Action Research: Reflections on Ten Years of Forestaction Nepal Experience
Authors: Ojha Hemant Raj
Published: December 2021

This paper describes a mode of ‘doing civic action’. It is based on the experience of a large NGO in Nepal, ForestAction. It details the method that was developed, termed ‘Critical Action Research’ (CAR). CAR "emphasises learning from practice, collating and communicating critical evidence for transforming policy dialogue while also empowering right holder citizens and their alliances through sharing knowledge counteracting the dominant system". The paper also details the historical and political economic context in which CAR developed, provides examples of how CAR operated at different levels of forest and natural resources governance and outlines the challenges faced by CAR innovators. It suggests ways forward for NGOs wishing to bridge the divide of academic/research, advocacy, and service delivery.
Recovering the Roots of Civil Society in Nepal1
Authors: Dahal Dev Raj
Published: December 2021

This paper is an essay about civic values or ‘virtues’, and the need for civic education in contemporary Nepal. It makes an argument for ‘recovering the roots of civil society inNepal’, which the author locates first and foremost in Hindu philosophy. This is necessary as, in its current form, mainstream or ‘elite’ civil society has lost touch with democratic values and the sense of social responsibility that the author refers to as ‘niskam karma’. Divided along political party lines and moved by the pursuit of profit and self-promotion, ‘elite’ civil society has hampered rather than facilitated, progress towards the creation of a modern state in Nepal. Civic education programmes grounded in age-old philosophical traditions in Nepal has the potential to transform current political culture and go some way towards resolving many of Nepal’s present ills.
Role of Dalit Civil Society Against Untouchability: Challenges and Prospects
Authors: Lamsal Hem Bahadur
Published: December 2021

The paper is based on literature review complemented by interviews with Dalit civil society activists. After an introduction to the plight of Dalit communities in Nepal, the paper outlines the emergence of a Dalit civil society, the roles it has played and continues to play in national life, its achievements and the challenges Dalit associations have faced in the course of their work. The final section explores the prospects for Nepal’s Dalit civil society.
Rethinking Group-Based Development Approach in Nepal: Ways Forward
Authors: Maskey Stuty
Published: December 2021

Over the last few decades, the role of ‘group-formation’ for community development has drawn substantial interest from policy makers, academics and development practitioners. This paper aims to examine the growing popularity of these development groups especially in the context where ‘groups’ are now the common entry point in most development programmes and projects in Nepal. The increasing popularity of the group approach, however, brings attention to some important questions. Is group formation a sin-qua-non for community development? Does group mobilisation always work out as per expectation? The purpose of this paper is not to provide a complete alternate option to the group approach but rather raise a note of caution on why excessive reliance on this approach must be viewed cautiously. By highlighting some issues related to this approach, this paper claims that although groups formed for community development have great potential, they should not be viewed as a panacea for developing communities; instead they should be viewed as an important component in tackling developmental challenges.
Social and Environmental Justice in Foreign Aid: a Case Study of Irrigation Interventions in Western Nepal
Authors: Clement Floriane , Basnet Govinda , Sugden Fraser , Bharat Luna
Published: December 2021

Debates over the effectiveness of foreign aid have been recently revived both in the development sector and in the academia. International funding agencies have notably adopted new principles to improve aid delivery. Using the particular case study of a set of irrigation interventions in Western Nepal, we argue that these steps will not radically improve the pro-poor outcomes of aid interventions as long as the latter are framed in an apolitical, technical and managerial vision and discourse of development. We propose to adopt social and environmental justice as an analytical framework and vocabulary for action.
Prospects of Public Land Management and Issues of Tenure Security in Southern Tarai of Nepal
Authors: Acharya Sushant , Manandhar Prabin , Nepali Purna Bahadur , Sapkota Mahendra
Published: December 2021

Public land management (PLM), a community based common property land management approach, was initiated since 2003 in the southern Tarai of Nepal to generate agroforestry resources and support the livelihoods of local people. Contemporary researches demonstrate that PLM practice has been able to bring positive changes at local level but also warn that issues related to tenure security are challenging to sustain the current practice. In this context, this paper explores the prospects of public land and then critically examines issues related to tenure security. From an in-depth case study in the five purposively selected PLM groups of Nawalparasi and Rupandehi districts, we concluded that PLM has been instrumental in promoting the livelihood of poor, women and religious minorities including environment conservation and safeguarding the common-property land. Similarly, the tenure related issues we examined are: loose contractual arrangement among government authority and local people, imposition of land tax, issue of timber harvest permit and no overarching government authority to take judicial action. We argue that though community based PLM practices have been able to create additional assets and provide benefit to local people, tenure related issues are so critical that if we fail to respond on time, it could end up with the tragedy of ruining the agro-forestry resources established in public land.
Water Conflicts in Urbanizing Regions in the Himalaya: Case Studies from Dhulikhel and Bidur in Nepal
Authors: Devkota Kamal , Khatri Dil , Neupane Kaustuv Raj
Published: December 2021

Evidences suggest the growing problem of water scarcity in Himalayan towns due to rapid urbanization, variation in land use and climate change. The scarcity has led to different forms of water related conflicts. This paper documents the drivers and dynamics of water related conflicts in Himalayan towns and explores the potentialities for cooperation in resolving these conflicts based on detailed case study of two mid-hill towns in Nepal. Data were gathered using key informant interviews, focused group discussions, stakeholder consultations and participant observations. The key forms of conflicts emerged from the case study include a) upstream-downstream contestation for access to and/or control over water; b) tension caused by disparities in water distribution within urban region and c) competing use of water for domestic and other purposes. The major drivers of such conflicts include growing water demand both in upstream and downstream areas, declining water sources exacerbated by climate change and urbanization. In both cases of Dhulikhel and Bidur, water for municipal supply was acquired from upstream rural areas using political influence. However, the agreements forged between towns and upstream villages were later contestedby empowered upstream people. This suggests that socio-political relations have key role in governing water access. Insights from these cases reinforces the argument that local water management is a political agenda and resolving contestation and conflicts require enhanced cooperation and deliberation. We see the need for institutional mechanisms for forging cooperation and inclusive decision-making practices towards better local water governance.
Water Security and Social Inclusion: Local Governance within the Newly Established Rural Municipalities in Nepal
Authors: White Pamela , Haapala Juho
Published: December 2021

In the Himalayan foothills of Nepal, water demand is increasing while many water sources are depleting. Local levels of government may play a role in tackling local water problems in a fair manner, or in failing to adapt to changing conditions. Nepal has recently undergone rapid changes in its institutional governance setting. Rural Municipalities (RMs) were established in mid-2017 as new, democratic, local tiers of governance. Their responsibilities include ensuring equitable access to water for all citizens, in line with the new Constitution. RMs must tackle decreasing water availability, increasing demands for domestic, agricultural and commercial uses, impacts of climate change, and the challenges of ensuring inclusive and participatory decision-making. At the same time, they are newly appointed finding their position and responsibilities after years of management by line ministries in Kathmandu. The study analyzes the current status of rural municipalities in remote areas of Sudurpashchim and Karnali Provinces in terms of their institutional capacity to implement inclusive water governance and water security in collaboration with a large donor project. It uses the OECD Principles on Water Governance (OECD 2011, 2015) as a framework. This research asks what the current water governance issues are in this setting of collaboration. The opportunities identified include the potential for more accountable policy formulation at a closer level to the community, by leaders who are more representative and accountable to their citizens and are aware of specific local water issues. On the other hand, there is a risk that policy formulation and accountability of governance could go astray. We conclude that this is a key moment to support the fledgling rural municipalities and demonstrate ways to build their capacities to secure safe water for all.
ENHANCING FORECAST-BASED DISASTER RESPONSE IN NEPAL
Authors: Bhandari Dinanath , Parajuli Binod Prasad , Shakya Puja
Published: December 2021

Implementation of humanitarian actions in advance of a disaster event is a new approach to enhance overall effectiveness of disaster responses. Early actions following forecasts and early warnings can significantly reduce disaster losses and the cost of disaster recovery. Evidence from pilot projects reveal potential to integrate forecast-based humanitarian actions into disaster preparedness planning. Building on advanced technologies, it has been possible to predict disaster risk of many meteorological and hydrological hazards like heavy rainfall, storm surges, flood, drought and cyclones. Nepal has developed communitycentered, end to end flood early warning systems, which have utilised different global and regional weather forecasting models. The models have the capability to provide weather and flood scenarios three days in advance. In this study, we carefully examine current practices and approaches to explore opportunities to use weather forecasts, flood alerts and warning to inform forecast-based humanitarian actions. Furthermore, we analysed existing policy provisions and legal mandates in Nepal to assess the availability of enabling environment needed for adopting forecast-based humanitarian actions. We also present our learning from piloting this approach to disaster preparedness planning in 19 selected districts of Nepal. Our findings suggest that adequate legal provisions and appropriate institutional mechanisms are essential to ensure effective implementation of forecastbased early actions. It is important and urgent to depart from traditional post-event relief approach to a risk-informed preventive decision-making. Technological limitations and operational gaps between agencies are major barriers to proactive actions. The challenges can be overcome through sufficient legal provisions, technical guidelines and protocols to clarify roles, responsibilities and accountabilities of the authorities.
Med hvem, på hva og hvor bruker barna tid?
Authors: Lauritzen Tonje
Published: December 2021

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GESTAO DO TURISMO EM UNIDADES DE CONSERVACAO ESTUDO SOBRE A RESEX DE SOURE MARAJO, PARÁ
Authors: Hamoy Juliana Azevedo , Bahia Mirleide Chaar
Published: December 2021

Essa pesquisa teve por objetivo analisar o planejamento e a gestão pública do turismo na Reserva Extrativista (RESEX) Marinha de Soure (Marajó - Pará). Soure integra a Área de Proteção Ambiental (APA) do Marajó, de inscrição estadual, e tem uma faixa de terra como RESEX, de inscrição federal. Metodologicamente, esta pesquisa, de cunho qualitativo, foi realizada combinando referencial teórico e pesquisa de campo, com a utilização de observação sistemática e entrevistas semiestruturadas, aplicadas a representantes de instituições responsáveis pela gestão do turismo na RESEX. Observou-se as diferenças nos níveis de gestão da federação, do estado e do município, com ações e interesses distintos para o desenvolvimento do turismo na cidade de Soure. Esse cenário indica alguns obstáculos como, por exemplo, a integração efetiva entre os agentes públicos.
Publicar en tiempos de guerra: Historia editorial del escritor boliviano Carlos Medinaceli (1931-1947)
Authors: Soruco Sologuren Ximena
Published: December 2021

El artículo analiza las dificultades que vivió Carlos Medinaceli para publicar sus libros entre 1931 y 1947. Este caso muestra un contexto más general de disminución del número de imprentas y títulos publicados localmente a partir de la Guerra del Chaco y evidencia una tendencia de deterioro de las condiciones de producción de los intelectuales bolivianos causada por la crisis económica y la polarización ideológica de la década de 1930
Paz Gonzales, Eduardo y Sergio Ramírez Gonzales (2020). Los nietos del proletariado urbano: movilidad social intergeneracional y dinámicas de estratificación en familias obreras de La Paz. La Paz-Bolivia: Centro de Investigaciones Sociales de la Vicepresidencia del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (CIS)
Authors: Sanjines Rodríguez Isabel
Published: December 2021

Fresco, creativo y novedoso es el trabajo de investigación de Eduardo Paz Gonzales y Sergio Ramírez Gonzales titulado Los nietos del proletariado urbano: movilidad social intergeneracional y dinámicas de estratificación en familias obreras de La Paz, que reflexiona sobre los procesos de movilidad social que tuvieron las poblaciones obreras urbanas dedicadas al rubro textil y ferroviario entre los años 1952 a 1985 en la ciudad de La Paz, Bolivia.
Alcances y límites progresistas: los programas de Bachelet, Rousseff y Fernández
Authors: Jamett Pizarro Cristian , Pérez Mora Alexander , Cornejo Góngora Victoria , Samit García Jean
Published: December 2021

El artículo realiza un análisis de los programas de gobierno de Dilma Rousseff (2011), Michelle Bachelet (2014) y Cristina Fernández (2015). La inves- tigación se realizó utilizando la metodología de análisis de textos políticos y datos del programa electoral Manifesto Project, que codifica unidades de sentido, y que el equipo ubicó respecto a los ejes ideológicos “Progresista/Socialdemócrata” o “Neoliberal/Neoconservador”. La aplicación de la metodología busca determinar las posiciones de los programas para realizar un análisis desde la sociología política de Antonio Gramsci
Symptoms and Side Effects of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222) among healthcare workers
Authors: Javed Dawood , Hadi Alharbi Yazeed , Javed Abdullah , Iqbal Javed
Published: December 2021

Aim: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel coronavirus which has infected millions of people across the globe in the form of a deadly pandemic. Safe and efficacious vaccines are needed urgently to prevent disease in the healthy population or at least decrease the intensity of illness post vaccination. Aim: To assess the post vaccination side effects among groups of individuals so that an effective vaccine can be proposed according to the individuals and thus avoiding reactogenicity, both systemic and local. Methods: A prospective study was conducted with the help of a web-based questionnaire (among health care workers) which used snowball sampling strategy and assigned persons aged ≥25-65 years, who received an intramuscular injection of the vaccine manufactured by Oxford-AstraZeneca. Safety and side effects were observed over a period of 15-20 days post vaccination to obtain results. Results: A total of 564 participants took part in the survey who received the vaccine via intramuscular route. Both systemic and local reactogenicity were recorded. Of the respondents, 280 (49.6%) people reported fever, 322 (57.18%) had pain, 89 (15.77%) had swelling and 53 (9.3%) had redness at the injection site. Total of 368 (65.2%) individuals suffered from body aches of whom 324 (57.4%) also reported headaches. Conclusion: Assessing the post vaccination symptoms, side effects and complications of AstraZeneca among different individuals helped in providing crucial and important information regarding the efficacy, safety and nature of the vaccine. Keywords: Covid-19, pandemic, vaccines, reactogenicity
Serum Diethyl Phthalate Levels in Infertile Females with Endometriosis
Authors: Nazir Sadia , Nazir Iram , Khan Rida , Ahmad Gulfam , Shahzad Mahwish , Imran Muneer
Published: December 2021

Background: Endometriosis has a complex multifactorial pathophysiology and is a leading cause of female infertility. Emerging evidence suggests the role of endocrine disrupting chemicals and environmental factors such as Diethyl phthalate (DEP) in the pathophysiology of the disease. Aim: To investigate the serum DEP levels in females with infertility having endometriosis and normal healthy counter parts. Methods: Married females (n=50) age 20-40 years, diagnosed with endometriosis and having history of >1 year of infertility, were selected as cases. Age matched women (n=50) with proven fertility and screened negative for endometriosis were included as controls. Females on any medicine, having co morbid conditions were also excluded from the study. DEP concentration in serum was determined by using High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results: Significantly higher levels (p=0.003) of DEP were seen in endometriosis females (3.76± 1.28 ng/ml) as compared to controls (2.61± 1.72 ng/ml). The comparison of DEP levels between different stages of endometriosis revealed an increasing, but no significant trend with advancement of the disease. Conclusion: High serum DEP levels in patients substantiate their role in disease pathophysiology. Therefore, it may be advisable to pay attention while using such compounds. There is an increased need to regulate the levels of such industrial compounds manufactured for daily use of human beings by efficient and judicious quality assurance plastics and by using the standards set by WHO and/or FDA. Keywords: Phthalate, Endometriosis, Diethyl phthalate, plasticizers, Infertility
Nutritional Status of Children with Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Shamim Wasila , Anwar Saadia , Faizan Mahwish
Published: December 2021

Aim: To analyze the nutritional status of children with pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) at presentation. Study design: Descriptive prospective study Place and duration of study: Department of Paediatric Haematology Oncology, Children Hospital, Lahore from March 2018 to April 2019. Methodology: A total of 195 children diagnosed as acute lymphoblastic leukemia on bone marrow biopsy were included. Anthropometric measurements were taken for each patient. Results: Out of 195 diagnosed patients with ALL, majority were having B-cell ALL 165(84.6%) and 30(15.4%) T-cell ALL. There was almost equal number of both standard and high risk patients (49% vs 51%) respectively. Mean age of children was 6.79±3.78 years and there was male predominance 120(61.5%). The percentage of children having weight for age <5th centile was 91(47), only 8(4%) were overweight or obese. Children under the age of five years had a slightly higher propensity of weight <5th centile i.e. 47(51.6%) as compared to older age group 5-10 years 26(28.7%) and >10 years 18(19.7%) (p=0.295).Similarly height for age was <5th centile in 50(26%) children in total, and in under 5 year age group 26(13.3%) but there was no statistically significant difference related to age above 5 years (p=0.547). Conclusion: Pediatric ALL has overall high prevalence of under nutrition and both weight for age and height for age is lower in under-five children as compared to older age group. Keywords: Children, cancer, nutrition, malnutrition, Acute Lymphoblastic leukemia
THE ANALYSIS OF THE ECONOMIC RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AN EMERGING ECONOMY TURKEY AND SMALL ISLAND NORTHERN CYPRUS: RULING POLITICAL PARTIES, THEIR IDEOLOGIES AND FOREIGN AID
Authors: ÖVENÇ Gökhan , ATAGÜL Emre
Published: December 2021

This study investigates the effect of political alignment of ruling parties of Turkey and TRNC on the foreign aid from Turkey to TRNC. Depending on the stationarity of the variables ARDL approach is used to examine the relationship between political cohesion between ruling parties and the foreign aid to TRNC for the period from 1983 to 2017. According to the results, it is found out that a long-run relationship exists between foreign aid and alignment of ruling parties of two countries. The findings suggest that, when the ruling parties of two countries have similar political view, the foreign aid from Turkey to TRNC significantly increases, even after controlling GDP per capita of TRNC, inflation of TRNC, government expenditure of Turkey and economic crisis effect.
EDUCACIÓN Y TEATRO POPULAR EN AMÉRICA LATINA: UNA SISTEMATIZACIÓN DE EXPERIENCIAS DE 2000 A 2020
Authors: Sosa Castillo Silvia Georgina , Mijangos Noh Juan Carlos
Published: December 2021

Buscando transformar las realidades de opresión, la educación y el teatro han encontrado desde su carácter popular, mecanismos para la apropiación y acción con compromiso político. El teatro popular es una práctica de educación liberadora cuya propuesta de acción social está ligada a las realidades donde tiene origen, apela a la participación genuina y transfigura acciones escénicas y pedagógicas en experiencias de aprendizaje. Este artículo constituye una revisión sistemática de experiencias de investigación sobre educación y teatro popular, acontecidas en América Latina en los últimos veinte años. El objetivo fue identificar los vínculos construidos entre estos dos campos para interpretar críticamente las prácticas concretas. Esta sistematización responde a una metodología de revisión estructurada en cinco fases. Los resultados muestran los campos donde el teatro popular ha significado una estrategia pedagógica pertinente y relevante; las características pedagógicas que se le atribuyen; cómo acontece la transitividad de las relaciones educador-educando durante su práctica; y de qué manera contribuye en la lectura crítica de realidades contemporáneas de opresión. Este artículo pretende reivindicar la trascendencia de la sistematización de experiencias como acción metódica y política que aporte a la generación de conocimientos teóricos desde la práctica, en este caso, de la investigación educativa popular.
EL DOCENTE COMO MEDIADOR: FUNDAMENTOS, CARACTERÍSTICAS E IMPORTANCIA EN LOS ENTORNOS VIRTUALES DE APRENDIZAJE
Authors: Segura Vera Marymili
Published: December 2021

El proceso educativo debe adaptarse a los cambios que experimenta la sociedad. En los últimos años muchos de éstos giran alrededor de las redes y las tecnologías de información y comunicación, lo que ha llevado a una transformación en los roles del docente, cobrando especial importancia su papel como gestor y mediador de los aprendizajes, en los que su apoyo y disponibilidad debe evidenciarse ante cualquier duda o dificultad que pueda surgir en el proceso de educativo. En estos ambientes se hace necesario mantener la comunicación activa y fluida en sus diversas formas, adaptándola al medio y a los interlocutores. Entre las actividades que el docente debe desempeñar como mediador en espacios virtuales de aprendizaje están: Mantener informado al grupo; Fomentar el diálogo y la reflexión; Motivar, dinamizar participación. Como reflexión final cabe destacar que más allá de los avances tecnológicos, la mediación del docente es la que define el éxito o no de los procesos pedagógicos contextualizados en la virtualidad. Entendiendo que esta mediación debe tenerse muy en cuenta como aspecto central del proceso educativo desde el momento de la planificación y diseño de los contenidos a impartir.
Authors: Gomes Coelho Juliana , Braz Dias Ana Lucia
Published: December 2021

Este artigo apresenta um dos aspectos identificados em uma pesquisa-ação junto a um grupo de professores e coordenadores pedagógicos. O objetivo geral da pesquisa foi investigar as percepções dos participantes ao analisarem, colaborativamente, as possibilidades e limites da tecnologia móvel aliada ao uso de aulas investigativas como estratégia pedagógica para o ensino de matemática. A vertente de pesquisa-ação utilizada neste trabalho é a pesquisa-ação colaborativa crítica preconizada por Wilfred Carr e Stephen Kemmis. Para análise dos dados levantados utilizou-se a metodologia da análise reconstrutiva de Phil Carspecken, selecionando segmentos das falas dos participantes para a reconstrução de seus significados. Foi feita uma análise vertical, que atribuiu níveis de remoticidade diferentes a possíveis significados, e uma análise horizontal, que procurou identificar os tipos de validação que eram usados pelos participantes para suas afirmativas — se objetivos, subjetivos ou normativos. No recorte feito para este artigo, o foco foram os aspectos normativos relacionados ao uso de celulares em salas de aula. Concluiu-se que os professores pouco basearam suas afirmativas no domínio normativo, aludindo mais ao domínio do objetivo e a frases de cunho subjetivo sobre a formação, a preparação e a prática relacionadas ao uso de tecnologias móveis em salas de aula.
Segundas lenguas en el curriculum nacional chileno: Tensiones históricas y epistemológicas
Authors: Lohaus-Reyes María Francisca
Published: December 2021

El curriculum nacional se constituye como un lugar donde se selecciona qué información cultural se considera importante o imprescindible de ser transmitida a los habitantes de un país. Esta selección genera tensiones que se reflejan en el curriculum, en sus contenidos y -particularmente- en las lenguas que se enseñan. Este trabajo aborda algunas tensiones epistemológicas e históricas respecto a la enseñanza de segundas lenguas en el sistema educativo chileno y cómo la presencia o ausencia de ellas en el Curriculum Nacional da cuenta de las decisiones tomadas respecto a qué lenguas relevar y cuáles descartar en su selección cultural transmisible. Se advierte la promoción del bilingüismo angloamericano monocultural, así como diferencias en las fundamentaciones epistemológicas de las bases curriculares y de las asignaturas que se imparten, encontrando tensiones entre lo instrumental y global, lo holístico y local, la obligatoriedad y la optatividad.
The Effect of External Variables on Mobile Accounting App Adoption by Student Entrepreneurs
Authors: Kholid Muamar Nur , Asri Naziatul
Published: December 2021

The objective of this research is to investigate the effect of relative advantage and subjective norm as external variables on the technology acceptance model (TAM) to comprehend student entrepreneurs’ intention to adopt a mobile accounting app. Previous research associated with the adoption of computerized or information technology-based accounting has not examined the effect of external variables and the adoption of mobile accounting app. Student entrepreneurs who possessed micro and small enterprise can be potential market targets because they are categorized as Y and Z generations who are tremendously familiar with smartphone-based technology. This research administered a questionnaire and involved 191 student entrepreneurs who own a business categorized as micro and small enterprises. The data were analyzed employing Partial Least Square–Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM). The result of the analysis revealed that this research model is able to elaborate 57.5% of student entrepreneurs’ intention to adopt a mobile accounting app. The result of the research presents that relative advantage has a positive effect on perceived ease of use (PEoU) and perceived usefulness (PU). Meanwhile, the subjective norm possesses a positive effect on PEoU, in which PEoU is a major predictor of the intention. The result of this research provides additional insight into strategies to increase the utilization of mobile accounting app by student entrepreneurs.
The Influence of Background Sounds, Physical Sounds, and Managers’ Proactive Customer Service Regarding Situational Sounds on Customer Satisfaction in the Restaurant Industry
Authors: Yeung Tak M , Chen McCain Shiang-Lih , Lolli Jeffrey C. , Larson Brian
Published: December 2021

Noise complaints in restaurants have been accelerating and unpleasant sounds erode customer satisfaction. Restaurant ambient noise, such as background and physical sounds influence customer satisfaction and effectively controlling the sound environment in restaurants is challenging, particularly situational sounds generated by customers. Situational sounds address how customers are influenced by other customers dining in the same restaurant and highlight a type of sound that cannot be easily managed by employees. Situational sounds can be loud conversation among fellow customers or misbehaving children. Concerns with situational sounds are less about how they impact customer satisfaction, and more about the way in which managers handle them. Thus, managers find a proactive service approach to be most effective when handling situational sounds in a restaurant. For example, strategically placing a large noisy group in a separate room or further away from other customers in the restaurant can mitigate the negative impact to other diners. The results of this study confirmed that background sounds, physical sounds, and managers’ proactive customer service regarding situational sounds impact customer satisfaction. However, the interactive effects of background sounds, physical sounds, and managers’ proactive customer service regarding situational sounds do not influence customer satisfaction. Based on the results, recommendations for restaurant managers are provided to decrease controllable unpleasant noises caused by background and physical sounds as well as strategies for effectively executing proactive customer service to handle situational sounds.
Entrepreneurial Orientation and Startup Performance in Technology Business Incubation: Mediating Role of Absorptive Capacity
Authors: Vincent Vinney Zephaniah , K.A. Zakkariya
Published: December 2021

The entrepreneurial orientation (EO) literature verifies its positive relationship with firm performance; nonetheless, its degree relies on certain factors. This study uses the knowledge-based view to develop and test a model of how start-ups can enhance their entrepreneurial orientation (EO) in incubator environments. Based on the concept of dynamic capabilities and strategic fit, this study proposes that absorptive capacity (ACAP) plays a role in catalyzing EO to yield performance outcomes. Only when start-ups combine existing resources with the absorptive capacity to make use of their strategic decisions, can they achieve a higher EO. The research model is empirically validated using survey data from 304 start-ups of various technology incubators in India. Our research evidence prove that ACAP improves the relationship between EO and performance in incubator environments. Further, we discuss implications for theory and practice.
Financial Determinants of Innovation in SMEs: A Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Padilla-Ospina Ana Milena , Medina-Vásquez Javier Enrique , Ospina-Holguín Javier Humberto
Published: December 2021

The main contribution of this study is to offer a general hierarchy of the most important financial variables associated with determining the presence of innovation. The variables’ importance is computed based on an ensemble neural network model, which predicts the presence of innovation in a sample of the small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) from the emerging market of Colombia. The results suggest that to innovate, the variables associated with the sources and uses of financing, and not the variables associated with the characteristics or credit of the company, predominate. The variables related to managers are secondary.
Collection realization of shopping budget in the year end
Authors: Sari Endriana Luckita , Adam Muhamad , Widiyanti Marlina , Andriana Isni
Published: December 2021

This study wanted to determine the factors that caused the accumulation of year-end budgets in the DP2KBP3A Bangka Regency for the 2017-2019 fiscal year. The data sources are field studies and documentation in related offices at the Bangka Regency Regional Work Unit. Based on the primary data analysis and discussion of the results, we report that the causes of budget accumulation are, among others, still more dominant, characterized by item line systems, incremental, rigid, overlapping, conflicts of interest, motives for seeking personal and group benefits, budget wastage, and does not provide benefits for improving the performance of the apparatus and public services. The factors for the procurement of goods/services related to the procurement of goods/services are the lack of knowledge about the regulations in the process of procuring goods/services, the weak management commitment of the SKPD head, and the commitment of the employees involved in the procurement of goods/services. The process of procuring goods/services and the SKPD environment is not yet conducive to coordination and teamwork. Other problems include the human resource deficit that manages finances. We hope that this result will be a valuable input for developing the following study.
ECMI Minorites Blog. On Hyphenated Identities
Authors:   Roskilde University, Schmidt Garbi
Published: December 2021

In the spring of 2021, the Danish Borderland Association published the book Danskerne findes i mange modeller – portrætter af 15 unge med bindestregsidentitet by Marlene Fenger-Grøndahl. The book consists of fifteen interviews with young so-called cultural ambassadors of the Borderland Association, as well as essays on the history of the Danish-German borderland and the concept of a hyphenated identity that the young respondents refer to. In minority research, the concept of a hyphenated identity is both used and contested. However, the interviews underline that the concept can serve as an important backdrop for the empowerment of young people with minority identities. This ECMI Minorites Blog entry is written by Garbi Schmidt, professor of Cultural Encounters at Roskilde University.
CONSTRUÇÃO E VALIDAÇÃO DE QUESTIONÁRIO PARA AVALIAÇÃO DAS COMPETÊNCIAS DO CUIDADOR INFORMAL
Authors: Sanches Rafaely De Cassia Nogueira , Santos Fernanda Trevisan Gatez dos , Radovanovic Cremilde Aparecida Trindade
Published: December 2021

Objetivos: construir e validar o conteúdo e constructos de um questionário para avaliação das competências do cuidador informal. Método: estudo metodológico de construção e validação de questionário na área da saúde, realizado em um município da região noroeste do Paraná - Brasil. O questionário foi aplicado em dois grupos de 30 e 40 cuidadores informais. Participaram nove especialistas no comitê de juízes. Confirmou-se a validade de conteúdo, validade de constructo e verificação da consistência interna. Resultados: a construção apresentou quatro versões, sendo a última composta por duas partes, a primeira com 13 questões de caracterização sociodemográfica e a segunda com 14 itens específicos, ancorada em três constructos: competências cognitivo-emocionais, psicomotoras e relacionais. A versão final apresentou bom nível de concordância entre os juízes e consistência interna de α=89. Conclusão: o questionário serve como estratégia de avaliação dos cuidadores informais quanto ao nível de competência para executar o cuidado.
INFLUÊNCIA DO CLIMA NA OCORRÊNCIA DE DENGUE EM UM MUNICÍPIO BRASILEIRO DE TRÍPLICE FRONTEIRA
Authors: Meira Mara Cristina Ripoli , Nihei Oscar Kenji , Moschini Luiz Eduardo , Arcoverde Marcos Augusto Moraes , Britto Andre Da Silva , Sobrinho Reinaldo Antônio da Silva , Muñoz Susana Segura
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: analisar a evolução temporal da incidência da dengue e sua correlação com variáveis climáticas em Foz do Iguaçu, um município brasileiro de tríplice fronteira, no período de agosto de 2006 a julho de 2016. Método: estudo descritivo e analítico, realizado em 2018. Foram utilizados dados secundários obtidos dos sistemas de informações em saúde. Utilizou-se análise temporal e foi aplicado teste de regressão linear simples para avaliar a correlação entre as taxas de incidência da dengue e as variáveis climáticas. Resultados: os anos epidêmicos representaram 60% do período estudado. Ocorreu correlação positiva da incidência de dengue com a média da umidade relativa do ar (r=0,276; p=0,025), média da temperatura (até dois meses antes r=0,288; p=0,014) e pluviosidade (até três meses antes r=0,308; p=0,008). Conclusões: as variáveis climáticas identificadas com relação positiva podem subsidiar aprevisão e controle da epidemia de dengue.
VIVÊNCIAS DO TRABALHO REMOTO NO CONTEXTO DA COVID-19: REFLEXÕES COM DOCENTES DE ENFERMAGEM
Authors: Souza Jeane Barros de , Heideman Ivonete Teresinha Schulter Buss , Brum Crhis Netto de , Walker Fernanda , Schleicher Maira Lidia , Araújo Jeferson Santos
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: refletir sobre como os docentes de graduação em Enfermagem vivenciam as atividades do seu processo de trabalho no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19. Método: estudo qualitativo, reflexivo, do tipo pesquisa ação- participante, fundamentado nos pressupostos de Paulo Freire. Contou-se com a participação de 20 docentes de graduação em Enfermagem de universidades públicas e privadas do Sul do Brasil. O Itinerário de Pesquisa Freireano foi percorrido perpassando pela Investigação Temática, Codificação, Descodificação e Desvelamento Crítico, em um Círculo de Cultura Virtual realizado em agosto de 2020. Resultados: os docentes de Enfermagem dialogaram sobre as repercussões do ensino não presencial na sua saúde. Refletiram acerca dos seus sentimentos no enfrentamento dessa modalidade de ensino e como o desenvolvem no contexto pandêmico. Conclusão: os resultados contribuem para a prática baseada em evidências de enfermeiros, fortalecendo a tomada de decisões quanto ao processo de trabalho docente no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19.
TECNOLOGIA EDUCACIONAL SOBRE ALEITAMENTO MATERNO PARA DISPOSITIVOS MÓVEIS
Authors: Souza Andressa Neto , Góes Fernanda Garcia Bezerra , Mello Nathalia Da Costa , Silva Liliane Faria da , Silva Aline Cerqueira Santos Santana da , Barcellos Thamires Myrena Torres
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: descrever o processo de construção e validação de um aplicativo para dispositivos móveis como tecnologia educacional sobre o aleitamento materno. Método: estudo metodológico realizado em junho de 2020 em cinco etapas (revisão de literatura; organização do conteúdo; construção do aplicativo; validação do aplicativo; adequação datecnologia educacional). Na validação com 20 juízes especialistas, via Google Forms, utilizou-se o Índice de Validade de Conteúdo, com valor mínimo de 0,8. Resultados: Índice de Validade de Conteúdo global foi de 0,96 e, entre os itens avaliativos sobre conteúdo, aparência e usabilidade, houve variação de 0,9 a 1. Sugeriram-se melhorias, sendo incluídas para a versão final da tecnologia educacional. Conclusão: o aplicativo “Descomplicando a Amamentação” foi avaliado de forma satisfatória por juízes especialistas e pode ser usado junto às famílias no processo educativo em saúde.
PERCEPÇÃO DE ENFERMEIROS FRENTE À PROMOÇÃO DA AUTONOMIA DOS IDOSOS NO CONTEXTO DA COVID-19: ESTUDO DESCRITIVO CORRELACIONAL
Authors: Lima Andreia Maria Novo , Martins Maria Manuela Ferreira da Silva , Ferreira Maria Salomé Martins , Sampaio Francisco , Schoeller Soraia Dornelles , Parola Vítor Sérgio Oliveira
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: identificar e comparar a percepção dos enfermeiros de cuidados gerais e enfermeiros especialistas sobre o desenvolvimento de intervenções promotoras da autonomia dos idosos. Método: estudo descritivo-correlacional, transversal. Foi aplicada aos enfermeiros portugueses a Escala de Autoavaliação da Promoção da Autonomia dos Idosos, em setembro e outubro de 2020. Resultados: a amostra foi composta por 356 enfermeiros, especialistas e generalistas. Todos tiveram a percepção de promover a autonomia dos idosos, com menos visibilidade no desenvolvimento de intervenções de atividades instrumentais de vida diária. Os enfermeiros especialistas percebem promover mais a autonomia dos idosos, através do desenvolvimento de intervenções físicas e cognitivas (p<0,01), de intervenções de atividades instrumentais de vida diárias (p<0,05) e da capacitação do cuidador (p<0,05). Conclusão: este estudo permitiu enfatizar a potencial relevância do desenvolvimento de intervenções promotoras da autonomia dos idosos, assim como a importância da consciencialização dos enfermeiros para a sua realização.
DESFECHO CLÍNICO DE PACIENTES SUBMETIDOS À OXIGENAÇÃO POR MEMBRANA EXTRACORPÓREA APÓS TREINAMENTO MULTIDISCIPLINAR
Authors: Pereira Pedro Paulo Levi , Murakami Beatriz Murata , Souza Mariana Fernandes Cremasco de , Lopes Camila Takao , Santos Eduarda Ribeiro dos , Bravim Bruno De Arruda , Coelho Filipe Utuari de Andrade
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: verificar a influência do treinamento da equipe multidisciplinar sobre o desfecho clínico de pacientes adultos submetidos à oxigenação por membrana extracorpórea. Método: estudo observacional, realizado em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Adulto de um hospital na zona sul de São Paulo, no período de 2012 a 2020. A análise de sobrevida foi realizada pelo método de Kaplan-Meier e a probabilidade de mortalidade intra-hospitalar foi analisada por um modelo de regressão logística múltipla. Resultados: foram incluídos 72 pacientes, sendo 54 (75%) após o período de treinamento. Observou-se redução na mortalidade de 83,3% para 57,4% após o treinamento (p=0,047), com aumento na sobrevida em 90 dias de 31% após o treinamento. Conclusão: o impacto do treinamento na taxa de óbito intra-hospitalar e na sobrevida em 90 dias é um incentivo aos gestores hospitalares para adotar o modelo de capacitação com suas equipes, a fim de garantir uma assistência de melhor qualidade.
INSTRUMENTOS DE AVALIAÇÃO DA LITERACIA EM SAÚDE ACERCA DO TABACO: TRADUÇÃO E ADAPTAÇÃO PARA PORTUGUÊS EUROPEU
Authors: Pinto Daniela Lourenço , Parisod Heidi , Nyman Johanna , Barroso Tereza Maria Mendes Dinis de Andrade
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: traduzir e adaptar culturalmente para português europeu os instrumentos de avaliação da literacia em saúde acerca do tabaco Attitudes Towards Tobacco Use, Tobacco-Use Motives e Motivation to Decline Tobacco Use in the Future, e Smoking Outcome Expectation Scale e Anti-Smoking Self-Efficacy Scale, e realizar validação preliminar. Método: tradução e adaptação transcultural de acordo com as recomendações do Institute for Work and Health e validação preliminar em 144 adolescentes de duas escolas públicas da região central de Portugal, em abril e maio de 2019. Resultados: foram retirados itens relativos a snus, por não apresentarem relevância no contexto português. Assim, dois instrumentos passaram a ser constituídos apenas por um item. Os valores de alfa de Cronbach das versões em português europeu foram 0,799, 0,673, 0,905 e 0,890. Conclusão: contribui para a existência de instrumentos de avaliação da literacia em saúde acerca do tabaco, adaptados para português europeu, para a população dos adolescentes