bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Legal consequences of recognition of intellectual property rights (protective document) invalid as a way of protecting civil rights
Authors: Tarasenko Kh. Yu.
Published: February 2025

The article considers certain problematic aspects regarding the invalidation of intellectual property rights (protection documents) and their legal consequences. Author proves that when intellectual property rights expire, they end their term of legal protection by virtue of the law, taking into account the temporary nature of such rights. If a person registers rights or an object of intellectual property, receives a protection document, but knows that such an object does not really meet the conditions for granting legal protection, and enteres into contractual relations with respect to it, the counterparty of such a person (a party to the contract) also has the opportunity to initiate the invalidation of such a contract on the basis of Art. 230 of the Civil Code of Ukraine. Within the invalidation of deeds regarding invalid intellectual property rights, one should also proceed from whether such contracts were fulfilled in full or in part and whether such a method of protection as the recognition of a contract (deed) as invalid will become an effective way of protecting civil rights and restore the violated, unrecognized or contested right. The situation remains unregulated, when intellectual property rights to an invention, a utility model are recognized partially invalid, and individual independent clauses of the claim of the invention (utility model) or signs of the appearance of the industrial design are excluded from legal protection. It has been proven that invalidation of intellectual property rights to an invention, utility model or industrial design, invalidation of a trademark certificate will de facto reduce the authorized capital of the business company (to which they contributed) in the amount of the monetary value of these rights, which was approved by the participants (founders) when they were introduced. If a member of the company has contributed to the authorized capital of the business company exclusively with property rights of intellectual property, it would be expedient to give him the opportunity to contribute money, securities or other property, unless otherwise established by law, to replace this contribution.
Debt conversion in the reorganization procedure of LLC and ALC as a basis for corporate relations
Authors: Shevchenko H. M.
Published: February 2025

The article examines the legal nature of debt-to-equity swap in the judicial rehabilitation procedure as a legal prerequisite for the emergence of corporate legal relations in limited liability and additional liability companies.
The relevance of the research topic is due to the almost simultaneous adoption of the Law of Ukraine “On Limited Liability Companies and Additional Liability Companies”, the Bankruptcy Code of Ukraine and the amendments to the Civil and Commercial Codes of Ukraine in 2022, and the objective difficulties in the practical implementation of the introduced legislative innovations, including the conversion of debt into equity in the rehabilitation procedure, related to the introduction of martial law in Ukraine and quarantine restrictions that have existed for several years.
The article analyzes the current legislation of Ukraine which regulates corporate legal relations, examines the existing legislative definition and doctrinal approaches to determining the legal nature of corporate legal relations, the grounds and prerequisites for their occurrence, the subject composition and content of such legal relations, and compares the concepts of “corporate right” of a business entity participant and “secondary right” of a creditor in the judicial rehabilitation procedure.
Among the obstacles to the implementation of the debt-to-equity swap procedure in practice, the author identifies the lack of its clear regulation, including the procedure for assessing the value of both the insuring shares of company members and the amounts of creditors’ claims to be converted, the lack of a mechanism for protecting the rights of current company members, including the possibility of exercising the right to withdraw from the company, the need to harmonize and coordinate the provisions of current legislation by bringing the provisions of the Civil Code of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine “On Limited Liability Companies and Additional Liability Companies”, the Law of Ukraine “On State Registration of Legal Entities, Individual Entrepreneurs and Public Organizations”, the Bankruptcy Code of Ukraine, and other legal acts regulating debt-to-equity conversions.
Implementation of the right to be forgotten in online archives: ECHR practice
Authors: Yavorska O. S.
Published: February 2025

The article is devoted to the legal analysis of the development of the right to be forgotten in the digital age. The author analyses the features of the exercise of the right to be forgotten taking into account the practice of the ECHR. It is established that the right to be forgotten reflects the ability of an individual to demand the deletion or deactivation (de-indexing) of information, including personal data, its depersonalization or the application of other technical measures that limit access to certain information for a specific circle of users. It is proven that in Ukraine there is practically no legal regulation on the right to be forgotten, the exception is certain legislative provisions on the protection of personal data; in the EU countries the General Data Protection Regulation GDPR is in force, which regulates certain aspects of the right to be forgotten in the context of the exercise of the right to protection of personal data. It is established that archives serve as an important source of information about modern history, local events, therefore legally published information must remain in archives (including online archives) intact and complete. It is established that the ECtHR has repeatedly emphasized that national authorities should be particularly vigilant when considering requests based on respect for privacy to delete or modify the electronic version of an archived article, the legality of which was not questioned at the time of its first publication. It is proven that the practice of the ECtHR reflects the trends of recent years in prioritizing the protection of personal data in cases concerning the balance of the right to privacy of individuals and the right to freedom of the media, freedom of expression. It is proven that the practice of the ECtHR has updated the criteria that courts and data controllers must take into account in order to properly balance competing interests in cases concerning the exercise of the right to be forgotten in online archives, but a number of unresolved questions still remain: what should be done in cases where a person whose request for deletion was granted has decided to become a civil servant or public figure; on what grounds may the court choose an alternative measure to ensure the right to be forgotten (delisting or deindexing), and others. It is argued that the practice of the ECHR on the right to be forgotten is helpful in interpreting the content of the right to be forgotten, and the possibilities of its protection.
Regulatory and legal regulation of competition in the banking services market
Authors: Lisovol O. M. , Naumenko S. G.
Published: February 2025

The state of economic competition in the banking system of Ukraine is considered. A review of regulatory and legal documents of the European Union and the United States of America on the regulation of competitive relations in the economy and the prevention of monopolization in general, and the banking system in particular, is made. The opinions of researchers and institutions of leading countries of the world on the risks of violation of competition in the banking system are presented.
The legal regulation of competitive relations in the legislation of Ukraine is analyzed. Provisions in the «general» competition legislation and «industry» banking legislation on the protection of economic competition are highlighted. The main types of violations of competition regulation and practices of unfair competition in the process of providing banking services are analyzed. The norms of legislation that should prevent such violations are studied. The complexity of the problem of protecting economic competition among banks is indicated, which includes not only direct violations of competition (unfair competition, misleading consumers of banking services, violations of advertising regulations), but also other unlawful administrative advantages for certain segments of the banking market (in particular, public sector banks). Separately, the issues of creating obstacles to business entities and achieving unlawful advantages in competition in the banking services market and regulatory regulation of banking secrecy and confidentiality of information in the financial system, which correlates with the provisions of antimonopoly legislation on the unlawful collection, disclosure and use of trade secrets, are highlighted. Regulatory acts and analytical documents of the Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine on the current state of competition in the banking sector are considered. Conclusions are drawn regarding the lack of attention and influence of regulatory authorities on competition in the banking system, an increase in the level of concentration in the banking sector of Ukraine with a simultaneous decrease in the level of competition. The authors point out a direct violation, in their opinion, of the legislation of Ukraine on economic and competitive relations in certain regulatory acts of the executive branch.
Deontological aspects of doctor’s interaction with vulnerable patient groups
Authors: Blashchuk T. V.
Published: February 2025

The article highlights the deontological aspects of the interaction between physicians and vulnerable patient groups as a key direction of modern ethical and legal regulation of medical practice. The importance of combining ethical principles and legal norms to foster trustful relationships, ensure quality and equitable medical care regardless of social status, age, or health condition of the patient is emphasized.
Particular attention is given to informed consent, which guarantees respect for patient autonomy, and the protection of medical confidentiality, ensuring the privacy and security of personal information. The issue of professional ethics for physicians is examined in the context of preventing discriminatory practices and upholding patient rights, especially for those requiring enhanced protection. The legal regulation of medical activities is presented by the author as a foundation for improving service efficiency and strengthening public trust in healthcare.
The author concludes that professional associations and ethical committees play a crucial role in improving medical deontology: they develop standards, monitor compliance, and provide consultations, contributing to the dynamic development of professional culture.
The article underscores the need for specialized educational programs for medical professionals to cultivate a profound understanding of ethical and legal aspects, as well as consideration of patients’ cultural, social, and economic characteristics. This is particularly relevant in the context of implementing advanced technologies, such as telemedicine, which enhance access to medical services for patients from remote regions or with limited mobility. Concepts for developing ethical and legal regulation of physician-patient relationships are linked to addressing global challenges, integrating the best global practices, and adapting them to national conditions.
In conclusion, the creation of a comprehensive, patient-centered policy for the development of the healthcare system, based on ethics, law, and trust, is recommended to improve the quality of medical care and enhance the authority of the medical profession in society.
Problems of regulation of dispute resolution mechanisms (arbitration) in legal relations with virtual assets
Authors: Chernykh O. S.
Published: February 2025

The article examines the influence of information technologies, in particular blockchain technology, on justice and the judiciary in the conditions of the formation of the digital economy and information society. The purpose of the study is to study the possibilities and difficulties of applying arbitration in disputes regarding virtual assets, analyze the problems associated with the introduction of the latest technologies, and identify the prospects for their use, especially in the context of the growing number of cross-border disputes in crypto markets.
As part of the research, the author analyzes the relationship between blockchain and dispute resolution, focusing on the complications associated with determining jurisdiction in disputes that contain an international element. Modern trends in the use of blockchain technologies in the legal sphere are studied, as well as possible areas of their application in procedural law. Among the key aspects under consideration is the question of jurisdiction in cases involving virtual assets and the need to unify procedural norms for effective dispute resolution. The subject structure of the legal relationship is usually complex and multi-party, involving both virtual asset service providers (VASPs) and other intermediaries. The subjects of the dispute are often legal relations complex in nature, combining some related institutions of civil or commercial (economic) law, as well as institutions from other branches of law. The presence of a large volume of technical issues requires additional special expertise in such areas as cryptography, information technology, the functioning of Big data, etc.
The article also analyzes the problems arising from the application of blockchain technologies in judicial proceedings, in particular in the context of crypto-evidence, smart contracts and alternative methods of dispute resolution. As a result of the study, conclusions were drawn that the use of arbitration in the resolution of disputes in crypto-relationships can significantly change traditional rules, reduce the burden on classical courts and ensure more effective resolution of cross-border disputes. The problem of the application of arbitration agreements to legal relations in the crypto market, conflicts in determining the jurisdiction of the court, and ways and proposals for overcoming them are highlighted.
The study emphasizes that for the effective use of technology in the legal system, it is important to find a compromise between new technological opportunities and traditional legal norms, which will be the key to improving the quality of justice.
Legal status of the creditor in the case of bankruptcy: a comparative analysis
Authors: Iarmolenko O. S.
Published: February 2025

The article focuses on the importance of comparative analysis of legal systems of different countries for finding and implementing best practices in the field of bankruptcy. One of the key issues is ensuring effective protection of creditors’ rights in the bankruptcy process. This aspect of regulation is not only an important tool for stabilizing national economies, but also an important element of international economic security, as it allows to prevent losses suffered by bona fide creditors due to the insolvency of debtors.
It is emphasized that in Ukraine, given the crisis circumstances caused by military actions, further deterioration of the financial condition of both legal entities and individuals can be expected, and therefore, an increase in cases of insolvency. In this context, international experience becomes extremely useful for the further improvement of Ukrainian bankruptcy legislation, in particular, in the direction of expanding the rights of creditors, as well as increasing the effectiveness of protecting their interests.
The main purpose of the article is a comparative analysis of the legal status of the creditor in bankruptcy cases in such countries as Germany, the USA, Great Britain and Ukraine. It is emphasized that each of the considered countries has specific approaches to the regulation of creditors’ rights. For example, in Germany, according to the law, creditors can open a bankruptcy case, but their role in the process of managing the debtor’s assets is limited. On the contrary, in the US, creditors have the opportunity to more actively influence the restructuring plan, but at the same time, the legislation provides ample opportunities to defend the interests of the debtor, significantly limiting the rights of creditors.
The importance of the principles of the World Bank for the effective settlement of insolvency, which became the basis for improving national systems and ensuring the rights of creditors at the international level, is noted. For example, the provisions of the Code of Ukraine on bankruptcy procedures contain specific steps to strengthen the position of creditors by strengthening control over the liquidation mass, shortening the terms of procedures and increasing the transparency of court processes.
Intellectual property rights of artificial intelligence: the perspectives of international legal and domestic regulation
Authors: Buhaiets A. S.
Published: February 2025

The article considers the prospects for regulating intellectual property rights for works created with the use of artificial intelligence by means of international and national law. The definition of intellectual property under the law of Ukraine is revealed. It is established which objects are the subject of protection of such rights. It is emphasized that national regulation of intellectual property rights has an international dimension, since one state, as a rule, is unable to reliably protect intellectual property rights, which has become especially relevant in the era of globalization and computer networks.
The foundations of international legal regulation of intellectual property protection are considered. It is emphasized that this regulation was formed back in the 19th century with the adoption of the Paris Convention of 1883 and the Berne Convention of 1886, which were designed to protect the rights of individuals, but not artificial intelligence. The importance of the scientific and technological revolution is emphasized, which led to a new stage in the development of the creative activity of mankind, which began to use artificial intelligence.
The challenges for intellectual property law, copyright and the very concept of authorship that have arisen with the development of artificial intelligence are studied. The uniqueness of artificial intelligence technology, which is capable of self-learning and independent processes of making creative decisions, is emphasized. The practical aspect of this issue is emphasized, which is that works created by artificial intelligence have already become the subject of commercial exploitation.
Different types of artificial intelligence and different options for solving the problem of intellectual property law for works using artificial intelligence are studied, in particular, granting such rights to developers, programmers, users, companies and the general public. It is emphasized that the importance of these problems will grow in the future, for which existing national legislation and international legal regulation are currently not ready. A conclusion is drawn about the prospect of creating a new entity within the framework of intellectual property law, namely the joint intellectual property law of artificial intelligence developers and its users.
On the issue of remuneration of scientific workers in Ukraine: today’s realities
Authors: Vapniarchuk B. V.
Published: February 2025

The article deals with current issues of remuneration of a special subject of labor law – scientific workers in today’s conditions. Because despite the fact that sufficient attention is paid to the issue of labor remuneration, not all aspects of the mentioned problem have been sufficiently resolved. Thus, despite the long-term reform of the remuneration of public sector workers in Ukraine (health care, education, science, culture, etc.), the situation remains critical. Today, the policy of low wages has been established in Ukraine, which has a negative effect on the growth of labor productivity. And as a result, «remuneration for labor almost does not fulfill its key function – reproduction of the spent energy of human resources and motivation of workers, including scientists, to productive work. Among the main disadvantages of labor remuneration: low rates and salaries, insignificant inter-positional wage differentiation, unequal assessment of work results, etc., which leads to the outflow of scientific personnel to other spheres of economic activity or even outside the country. Therefore, the priority directions of scientific policy should be the development, adoption and implementation of decisions aimed at preserving and developing the personnel potential of science, ensuring its vitality, establishing order and procedures that determine the most effective use of human resources. Priority financial and material and technical support of science, including decent remuneration of scientific workers, focusing the efforts of the authorities on solving problems in the field of science will be a guarantee of accelerating the integration of Ukraine into the European educational space and the basis of ensuring the sustainable development and competitiveness of the state. Highly qualified human resources in science are a key condition for the development of scientific knowledge, technological progress in Ukraine, improving the quality of life, and ensuring the well-being of citizens. At the same time, if appropriate measures are not taken, the labor migration of workers from Ukraine will continue, and above all – the «brain drain», the departure of highly qualified specialists who will create and implement innovations, but not for the Ukrainian economy, but to ensure the competitive markets of other countries.
International legal standards of environmental duties of man and citizen
Authors: Bek U. P.
Published: February 2025

The article examines international legal standards for the formation of environmental responsibilities of man and citizen. The evolution of the formation of the system of environmental rights and responsibilities in international law, which took place in stages over several decades, is considered. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of key international documents that laid the foundation for environmental rights and responsibilities: the Stockholm Declaration of 1972, the Rio de Janeiro Declaration of 1992, and the Aarhus Convention of 1998.
The author analyzes in detail universal and regional international treaties in the field of environmental protection, in particular the UN Convention on Biological Diversity, the Bonn Convention, the CITES Convention, the Bern and Ramsar Conventions. Considerable attention is paid to the study of the constitutional consolidation of environmental responsibilities in various European countries.
Based on the analysis of the constitutional provisions of foreign states, the author identifies five main models of consolidation of environmental responsibilities of citizens: a general statement of the obligation to protect the environment; indication of environmental responsibilities in the context of property rights; an expanded statement of environmental responsibilities as derivatives of environmental rights; a combined approach; an expanded statement of environmental responsibilities without reference to environmental rights.
Additionally, two constitutional models of establishing environmental responsibilities are distinguished - passive and active. The passive model involves refraining from actions that harm the environment, and can be implemented in two ways: as an element of the legal status of the property owner or as an independent environmental responsibility of citizens.
The conclusions emphasize the uniqueness of the institution of environmental responsibilities as a holistic legal entity and focus attention on the relatively late (second half of the twentieth century) recognition of environmental rights and responsibilities in the system of human and civil rights, which first occurred at the international level and was later implemented in national legislation.
To the question regarding the solution of problem aspects of legal regulation of waste management in the context of the adaptation of environmental legislation of Ukraine to the EU
Authors: Kuzub O. O. , Yermolayeva T. V. , Kozmina Y. G.
Published: February 2025

The article analyzes the current state of legal regulation of waste management in Ukraine in comparison with the legislation of the European Union. It is also noted that only through cooperation between states can the problems associated with the accumulation of waste be solved, since if measures are not implemented to combat this phenomenon, a significant deterioration in the quality of the environment and a threat to the life and health of the population should be expected. The work deeply analyzes the concept of «waste» both at the scientific-theoretical and legislative levels. A thorough comparison of the definitions of this term contained in various normative legal acts of Ukraine is carried out. Based on the generalization of scientific approaches, the authors propose his own, more comprehensive interpretation of the concept of «waste».
The central place in the study is occupied by a detailed comparative analysis of the legislation of Ukraine and the EU in the field of waste management. In particular, the approaches to regulating the status of by-products, the introduction of extended producer responsibility, the management of hazardous waste, as well as the principle of the waste management hierarchy are analyzed. Both common features and significant differences in the legal regulation of these key aspects are revealed. In addition, the study also analyzes the issues of waste management planning, in particular approaches to territorial planning and the establishment of terms and procedures for reviewing plans.
The articles propose a number of practical recommendations for ways to improve the legal regulation of waste management in Ukraine. Among them are conducting active educational work among the population, expanding the infrastructure for waste management, wider application of the first four elements of the waste management hierarchy, involvement of local governments in the development of local strategies, implementation of best practices of EU countries, as well as creating favorable conditions for investments in environmental technologies. The authors conclude that despite the significant convergence of Ukrainian legislation with European standards, it still has certain national features and problematic aspects that require further resolution.
Legal basis for the use of digital technologies in the land policy of Ukraine
Authors: Ilkiv N. V.
Published: February 2025

The state and prospects of legal regulation of the use of digital technologies, which is an instrument of state land policy and an important component of the legal mechanism for the realization of land rights, are investigated in this article.
The author emphasizes that the digitalization of land relations is defined as a strategic state priority in a number of programmatic acts. It has gained considerable momentum, which, in turn, affects the determination of the main directions of the state land policy. At the same time, it is stated that although the recognition of digitalization as a principle of the state land policy has not been implemented at the legislative level, the defining provisions for the digitalization of certain functions have been enshrined in law.
The active introduction of digital services is the result of the land reform in Ukraine. It is indicated that in forming the legal framework for digitalization of land relations, the need to use digital technologies to create conditions for general availability of information on the status of land is crucial. The author emphasizes the positive impact of digitalization of land relations on reducing the dependence of the exercise of land rights on personal (subjective) factors, as well as on increasing the efficiency of land condition assessment.
The author analyzes the legal norms that form the basis for digitalization of land records and monitoring. Among the instruments of the State land policy, special attention is paid to the digitalization of the administrative procedure in the field of land relations.
An important strategic goal of the state land policy of Ukraine is to create equal conditions of access to the land market for all land users, increase the productivity of land use provided that it is used rationally and sustainably, and establish transparent, clear and, most importantly, effective land management. The ways to do this are to increase transparency of land use and access to information, improve the existing system of information support and control over the state of land resources, and widely introduce new information technologies.
To the issue of normative and legal provision of gender equality in labor relations in Ukraine
Authors: Harasymkiv L. I.
Published: February 2025

The article examines the current level of development of national legislation regarding the prohibition of discrimination in the field of labor and ensuring gender equality in labor relations. It was emphasized that the prohibition of discrimination in the field of labor and ensuring gender equality is a very important element of the development of a modern democratic country. It has been established that international legal documents ratified by Ukraine, the Constitution of Ukraine, laws and by-laws of Ukraine on the issue under consideration make up the national legislation in this area. Having analyzed them briefly, the following conclusions were drawn. Thus, the Constitution of Ukraine enshrines the impossibility of granting privileges or restrictions based on gender; The Code of Labor Laws of Ukraine mainly contains norms aimed at protecting women with the aim of giving them equal competitiveness with men in the labor market; the laws of Ukraine «On ensuring equal rights and opportunities for women and men» for the first time at the national level provided a clear definition of «gender equality», defined a mechanism for ensuring gender equality, ensuring equal rights and opportunities for women and men in the labor sphere, and provided for responsibility for violations of these norms; «On the Principles of Prevention and Counteraction of Discrimination in Ukraine» defines such concepts as «discrimination» and «positive actions» and distinguishes between these two concepts; subordinate legal acts were adopted to regulate certain issues related to ensuring gender equality, in particular, such as conducting a gender-legal examination of legislation, improving the social status of women, improving the work of central and local bodies to ensure gender equality, etc. That is, work on the introduction of the principle of gender equality into public life at the legal level by state authorities is really being carried out. At the same time, it is important not only to establish them at the legislative level, but also to put them into practice. Since today most of the norms of the current legislation are not applied, as there is no clear mechanism for their application, and as a result, the bodies that should ensure compliance with the principle of gender equality work inconsistently among themselves. And an important role in the implementation of this task, first of all, should be played by the cooperation of central and local bodies directly with the participants of public relations: employers, employees, as well as persons who are just acquiring relevant professional qualities.
Integration of mediation into the practice of land dispute resolution: the experience of the USA
Authors: Fidrіa Y. O. , Knysh S. V.
Published: February 2025

The article is devoted to the integration of mediation into the practice of resolving disputes in the field of land relations. The author considered the essential characteristics of mediation as a non-jurisdictional procedure for resolving land use disputes and land disputes and described its main advantages.
The article analyzes the essence of the legal category «land dispute» as an object of application of mediation by synthesizing the existing scientific works of domestic scientists and advisory documents of international organizations. It has been proven that mediation is an effective alternative way of resolving land disputes.
Particular attention is paid to the advantages of using mediation in the international practice of resolving land disputes. The authors studied the experience of the USA and individual states of this country, where the institution of mediation in the field of land relations is regulated by special legislation. The characteristic features of the implementation of mediation in the field of land legal relations in the regulatory and legislative space of the USA are established (on the example of the states of Washington and Vermont).
It was concluded that in the USA the regulatory and legislative framework for the regulation of mediation is formed at the national level and at the level of individual states. The role, competence and standards of the mediator’s activity in various areas, in particular in the field of land use, are detailed in the current legislative acts of the USA. It has been investigated that the effective integration of mediation into the practice of resolving land disputes in the USA is explained by the presence of detailed legal support for this process at various levels (local and national), as well as the developed successful practice of resolving land disputes. Mediation screening of the land disputes, readiness and willingness of the parties to participate in negotiations, as well as the qualifications and authority of the mediator are the main conditions for successful mediation in land use.
It is concluded that further scientific development of the use of international experience, in particular the USA, in the field of introduction and use of mediation can become a significant basis for the effective integration of mediation into the practice of resolving land disputes in Ukraine.
Regarding the issue of legal support for land requisition
Authors: Navrotskyi V. A. , Kostyashkin I. O.
Published: February 2025

The article addresses issues related to the inviolability of land ownership and possible cases of forced termination of land ownership rights under martial law. Particular attention is given to land requisition as an exceptional form of land alienation aimed at meeting national security needs.
The necessity of land requisition under martial law arises from the need to forcibly expropriate land plots for constructing defense facilities, fortifying borders, mitigating the consequences of armed aggression, preventing negative impacts, and implementing other measures ensuring national security. Land requisition under martial law is considered an essential mechanism for serving public interests. It involves terminating private ownership rights, is subject to compensation, is conducted administratively through decisions made by a special authority (military command), and serves as a legal basis for acquiring state ownership rights.
In all cases, land requisition must reflect an objectively defined public need, be grounded in legally established reasons and procedures for land expropriation, and ensure that compensation corresponds to the actual value of the land plot.
The article highlights the lack of legal regulation regarding land requisition in the current land legislation. In particular, it is noted that the Land Code of Ukraine does not explicitly classify land requisition as a ground for terminating land ownership rights or acquiring state ownership.
Based on the study’s findings, a proposal is made to amend Part 5 of Article 83 and Article 140 of the Land Code of Ukraine by introducing a separate clause titled «Land Requisition.» Additionally, it is proposed to supplement the Land Code of Ukraine with specific provisions regulating the procedure for land requisition. The need for further research on legal regulation of land requisition as an independent basis for terminating land ownership rights under martial law is also emphasized.
Environmental imperative in the functioning of urban planning councils
Authors: Mashika P. Yu. , Petretska N. I. , Kovach V. V.
Published: February 2025

The article considers the problem of inconsistency of legislation in the field of urban planning, insufficient consideration of environmental standards and the need to introduce the «environmental imperative» into the activities of urban planning councils. It is determined that existing regulatory legal acts are often of a recommendatory nature, which creates conditions for lobbying the interests of individual groups without due consideration of environmental requirements for urban planning safety. The role of architectural ecology as a new branch of science for the formation of environmentally sound decisions in urban planning is emphasized. The authors emphasize the need to improve legislation to ensure the sustainable development of settlements. The mandatory consideration of the environmental imperative as a key principle in the process of creating and approving urban planning documentation is proposed.
It is noted that to ensure the environmental safety of territories, it is necessary to adapt urban planning activities to climate change, increase energy efficiency, create green zones, reduce greenhouse gas emissions and preserve biodiversity. The authors emphasize the importance of forming ecological thinking and culture among specialists in the field of architecture and urban planning for making environmentally sound decisions. The dynamic growth of the urbanization process requires constant analysis and timely response, both in the design of individual construction sites and in the process of creating urban planning documentation. That is why, the issue of finding modern methods and approaches to improving environmental legislation in the urban planning sector to ensure sustainable development is relevant.
Thus, there is a need for in-depth study of the role of urban planning councils in ensuring sustainable development of urban areas and the implementation of environmental imperatives in their activities. This will contribute to increasing the efficiency of urban planning and improving environmental sustainability in cities. In conditions of environmental deterioration, it is also advisable to introduce landscape planning as one of the key elements of the environmental imperative. Landscape planning allows for the harmonious integration of natural and urbanized areas, contributes to the preservation of ecosystems, protection of biodiversity and improvement of the quality of the habitat. At the level of urban planning councils, this can be implemented through the development of integrated solutions that take into account the spatial characteristics of the territories.
The impact of financial literacy and legal education of the population on economic stability in Ukraine
Authors: Baklanova K. V.
Published: February 2025

The article demonstrates the importance of the financial and legal significance of the citizens as key officials, which plays into the economic stability of the country, especially in the minds of the current outcry after the war. It is established that financial literacy promotes the ability to effectively manage specific finances, including making decisions about lending, investing, investments and income planning. It is important to emphasize that citizens, who had acquired basic knowledge of financial management, were able to quickly adapt to new realities, securing themselves financial reserves and earning several incomes. The importance of legal awareness plays a vital role in the formation of an informed approach to financial obligations, compliance with legislative norms and protection of the rights of financial service providers.
The article focuses on the current state of financial and legal education in Ukraine. Analyzed by the government’s programs aimed at different target population groups - children, young people, adults, and enterprises. We are looking closely at the bright initiatives that are implemented through online platforms, interactive courses and webinars, which have become especially relevant in the minds of distance learning and the need for rapid adaptation to economic change It is important to develop financial literacy programs in schools, especially for the adult population, including educators, who are faced with the need to understand sophisticated financial solutions.
The potential for more comprehensively informed approaches to addressing new economic pressures, such as the crisis associated with the over-the-world fence, insufficient level, is being considered. investment activity and the need for financial stability in the hour of war. The infusion of financial and legal awareness into socio-economic development has been traced through the analysis of international evidence. Respect is given to the United States, where the promotion of financial literacy programs in universities and through specialized courses has contributed to increased financial discipline among the population, the development of entrepreneurship, and increased zagalnogo goodness of the giants.
Therefore, the work emphasizes the strategic importance of integrating financial and legal education into the national education system, as this will contribute to economic stability, the formation of a financially independent, knowledgeable and law-abiding society.
Procedure for the movement of currency values across the customs border of Ukraine in wartime
Authors: Bobrus E. A. , Baranytska E. O.
Published: February 2025

The article analyzes the procedure for conducting currency transactions, including the cross-border movement of currency values, as this is subject to currency regulation. It highlights the key principles of currency regulation enshrined in the Law of Ukraine No. 2473-VIII. The following principles are considered: freedom of currency transactions, risk orientation, transparency and efficiency. Particular attention is paid to the role of the customs border as an important component of the financial security of the state, which ensures control over the movement of currency values. The author analyzes Ukrainian legislation, in particular the Customs Code, which defines currency values as national and foreign currencies, payment documents, securities and precious metals. The article outlines two approaches to their definition - dualistic and exclusively unconditional, and emphasizes that the Ukrainian legislator uses the first approach. An important place is given to the issue of declaring currency values, the rules of which are regulated by the National Bank of Ukraine: for amounts up to EUR 10,000, no declaration is required, while exceeding this limit obliges citizens to confirm the legality of the origin of funds. The authors examine the movement of currency values in the context of martial law: they highlight changes in the functioning of the banking system and customs authorities aimed at strengthening control and ensuring stability. The article also examines how the NBU’s regulations restrict cross-border currency transactions, allowing them only for critical imports. According to the authors, such measures are necessary to prevent illegal capital outflows and maintain economic security. The authors emphasize the existence of administrative and criminal liability for violations of currency legislation, such as failure to declare or illegal currency transactions. They note that the established sanctions are aimed at preventing financial crimes and enhancing the transparency of international transactions. In conclusion, it is emphasized that effective currency regulation, adapted to the challenges of martial law, is an important tool for financial stability and economic security of the state.
Peculiarities of mediation in administrative proceedings: foreign experience and areas for improvement
Authors: Bozhenko N. V.
Published: February 2025

This article presents the European experience of mediation in administrative proceedings during judicial proceedings and the implementation of best practices in Ukraine. Mediation in administrative proceedings has been successfully proven in European countries. The tradition of alternative dispute resolution in public law exists in the UK, Ireland, Germany, France, the Netherlands, Norway and other countries. It has been shown that the ability to use mediation in administrative proceedings during judicial proceedings, including its effectiveness, depends on the characteristics of each legal system, the organization of administration and the existing practice of resolving public law disputes.
The experience of European countries and the analysis of the current legislation of Ukraine show that in administrative courts, disputes regarding: tax debt collection, passing and dismissal from public service, appealing decisions of local government bodies on setting tariffs and transferring municipal property, granting land plots by local government bodies in ownership or for rent, obtaining public information, appealing the refusal of the local council to grant permission to develop a land management project, collecting a fee for land, etc.
It has been established that the Code of Administrative Procedure of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine «On Mediation» create the basis for the use of mediation. The main problem of implementing mediation in administrative proceedings lies in the competence and desire of the subject of authority. Certain categories of public law disputes can be resolved with the help of a mediator in the event of more stable practice and the distribution of optional powers on the relevant issue.
It is also proposed to launch a pilot project, in particular, on mediation in tax disputes, and then expand its scope to other legal relations, including with the participation of local authorities. It is noted that it is necessary to continue the development of training for mediation specialists, who must have the appropriate knowledge, competencies, requirements, etc. It is recommended to include relevant academic disciplines in curricula, issue certificates for training mediators that form the appropriate competencies, and conduct large-scale campaigns to disseminate procedures for resolving disputes in the field of public law with the help of mediators in modern conditions.