bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Bird Eye View on Effervescent Drug Delivery System
Authors: Jadhav Sanjali , Gangurde Avinash
Published: October 2023

Effervescent drug delivery systems (EDDS) have gained significant attention in the pharmaceutical industry due to their unique characteristics and potential advantages over conventional dosage forms. This comprehensive review aims to provide an in-depth understanding of EDDS, including their formulation strategies, underlying mechanisms, and diverse applications in drug delivery. EDDS are effervescent dosage forms that release drugs upon water dissolution, leading toward carbon dioxide gas generation. The effervescence, resulting from the reaction between an acid and a base, facilitates rapid drug dissolution and enhances drug bioavailability. The primary components of an EDDS include an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), effervescent agents (e.g., organic acids and bases), binders, disintegrants, and other excipients. Effervescent tablets, granules, powders, and effervescent-coated dosage forms are commonly employed formulations. Several factors, such as pH, temperature, solubility, and particle size, influence the drug’s effervescence process and subsequent release kinetics. The drug release mechanisms from EDDS can be attributed to various phenomena, including effervescence-driven disintegration, gas evolution, and solubilization. The effervescence-induced carbon dioxide bubbles mechanically disrupt the dosage form, leading to enhanced drug dissolution and subsequent release. Additionally, the carbon dioxide gas acts as a propellant, providing rapid drug delivery and potentially improving patient compliance. EDDS find applications in diverse therapeutic areas, including analgesics, antacids, dietary supplements, and antiviral agents. They offer several advantages, such as improved drug stability, enhanced bioavailability, increased patient convenience, and ease of administration, particularly for populations with swallowing difficulties. Furthermore, EDDS can be tailored to achieve controlled release, targeted drug delivery, and taste masking through appropriate formulation modifications. However, challenges associated with EDDS include their sensitivity to environmental conditions, potential drug degradation during effervescence, and the need for specialized packaging to maintain stability. The selection of suitable effervescent agents, excipients, and manufacturing processes is crucial to overcome these limitations and ensure consistent product performance. In conclusion, effervescent drug delivery
Synthesis and In-vivo Anticancer Evaluation of N-(4-oxo-2- (4-((5-aryl-1,3,4 thiadiazole-2yl) amino) Phenyl thiazolidine-3-yl) Benzamide derivative
Authors: Chawla Amit , Devhare Lalchand , Dharmamoorthy G. , . Ritika , Tyagi Sachin
Published: October 2023

The development of novel antitumor agents is paramount in the fight against drug resistance and its associated cardiotoxicity. The present study carried out a thorough anticancer evaluation of N- (4-oxo-2-(4-((5-aryl-1,3,4 thiadiazole-2yl) amino) phenyl thiazolidine-3-yl) benzamide (TH08) in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) in Swiss albino mice. Our assessment included the measurement of tumor weight, the duration of survival for mice with tumors, and tumor cell growth inhibition. Additionally, we analyzed hematological parameters, like white and red blood cells and hemoglobin levels. The results we obtained clearly demonstrate that TH08 is a potent anticancer agent that exerts a positive effect on EAC cells. To determine TH08's effectiveness, We compared our findings to those achieved by using the standard medication, bleomycin. Our findings provide compelling evidence that TH08 has significant potential as a novel antitumor agent.
An efficient RP-HPLC-PDA Method for Estimating Dolutegravir and Lamivudine in Combined Pharmaceutical Formulations using a Box-Behnken Design Approach
Authors: Ramyasree A. , Umadevi S.
Published: October 2023

This study used a quality-by-design (QbD) method to build a novel, high-performance reverse-phase fluid chromatography (RP-HPLC) system with diode array detection (DAD) for the simultaneous measurement of dolutegravir (DLG) and lamivudine (LMV) tablets. In accordance with the International Council for Harmonization’s (ICH) requirements, chromatographic conditions were adjusted utilizing the Box-Behnken design (BBD), and the resultant technique was verified for linearity, system appropriateness, precision, accuracy, sensitivity, robustness, and stability of the solution. At retention durations of 2,271 and 3,431 minutes, LMV and DLG peaks were separated using a C-18 column with 150 x 4.6 mm and 5 μm particles. The mobile phase was 0.1% orthophosphoric acid (OPA): acetonitrile (ACN) (50:50, v/v) at a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min and a pH of 3 at 25°C. Peaks were seen at 254 nm and the volume of sample injection was 20L. The percent strength of the commercially available tablet is 98.89 and 98.76 for LMV and DLG, respectively, using a standard calibration curve. The developed RP-HPLC technique’s stability is shown by the suggested RP-HPLC method’s capacity to identify LMV and DLG in the existence of their degradation products. As per ICH requirements, the findings of the validation parameters for linearity, system appropriateness, accuracy, precision, robustness, and sensitivity were all within acceptable limits. It is simple to use, accurate, efficient, and reasonably priced to employ the innovative RP-HPLC technology with BBD application for QbD.
Engineering Low-Cost Banana Peel Derived Biochar for the Highly Adsorption Capacity of Metformin Hydrochloride Drug from Aqueous Solution on Chemical Activation
Authors: Aboreghif Ali H , Noori Sarmad D , Kareem Saja H , Hamza Mohammed S , Hussein Talib K
Published: October 2023

Adsorption is one of the easiest and best ways to purify water. In recent years, the adsorption process has been adopted to purify drinking water. Using adsorption technology to remove the most dangerous types of pharmaceuticals in drinking water, such as (metformin hydrochloride MF-HCl drug), and a primary goal of this empirical study utilizing banana peels as derived biochar activated carbon (ACBP) to remove MF-HCl drug. The FTIR, FE-SEM, XRD and TEM technique was utilized to estimate the surface characteristics before and after the adsorption process. The adsorption capacity Qe mg/g and percentage removed E% increase with increasing equilibrium time and, solution temperature and pH. The adsorption capacity Qe mg/g Qe mg/g decreases with increasing of adsorbent dosage. Thermodynamics including (ΔH), (ΔS) and (ΔG) are found to be endothermic and spontaneous. Results show that the MF-HCl drug adsorbed amount on ACBP was 147.59 mg/g. The adsorbent was treated via several acids like as (H3PO4, HNO3, HCl and H2SO4). The obvious from the results the best removal percentage E% when the adsorbent was treated via HCl. This is may be due to the increase in acid acidity caused by reactivating the active sites for the adsorbent surface. From the results obtained, ACBP are eco-friendly, extensive, and effective as an adsorbent, giving a promising prospect for removing wastewater.
Evaluation of Oral Bioavailability and In-vivo Anti-leukemic Potential of Dasatinib Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles
Authors: . Moinuddin , Neekhra Sachin , Ahmad Saeem , Swarnkar SK , Gupta Deepa , Khunteta Alok , Jain Pankaj , Jain Sonika
Published: October 2023

Dasatinib is one of the second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) that is taken orally and has antiproliferative activity against chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Dasatinib/hesperidin loaded-SLNs were synthesized in-house using a high-shear homogenizer and optimized by central composite design (CCD). Oral bioavailability and in-vivo anti-leukemic potential of developed dasatinib/hesperidin-loaded-solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) were determined using intravenous injection of leukemia cells in mice model. Dasatinib was administered as pure drug (suspension) and SLN formulation in leukemic mice modal. The pharmacokinetic profile was studied and compared with drug suspension using HPLC. Results denoted mean maximum plasma concentrations Cmax as 184.52 and 390.43 ng/mL, mean Tmax as 2 and 4 hours, mean half-life as 4.63 and 8.06 hours., for pure drug (suspension) and SLN formulation, respectively. The mean area under the curve (AUClast) was 1080.94 and 3669.49 hr*ng/mL for the same. SLN also showed statistically significant survival. A comparison of SLN and free drugs revealed that SLN was more effective at cytotoxicity. Therefore, the developed dual-targeted SLN formulation of dasatinib demonstrated higher sensitivity of cells to the drug entrapped in SLN than the drug suspension.
Automatic extraction of build-up areas from bare land using Sentinel 2A imagery in El Khroub city, Algeria
Authors: Tabet Ahmed Amine , Abdaoui Gihen Rym , Layeb Hafid
Published: October 2023

In this research work, the separation of built-up areas from bare lands in El Khroub city is carried out using a supervised classification approach involving several indices and combining spectral bands of the Sentinel-2A images sensor. The multi-index approach is based on the combination of seven indices in order to discriminate between the three main categories of land cover, which are water bodies, green areas and buildings. 3First, this operation requires the use of NDVI, BAEI, NDBI, NDTI, BUI, MNDWI and the NDVIre index, which have a strong discrimination capacity between build-up area and the other land cover features. The neo-images obtained from the combination of the above indices are then classified with the Likelihood algorithm for the extraction of the six class types of land cover (built-up areas, bare land, vegetation, forest, water bodies and asphalt). The multi-index obtained from the combination of BUI, NDTI and NDVIre is the most effective; shown by the evaluation values, where the Overall accuracy is of 96.44%, the Kappa Coefficient (K) of 95.72% and a User Accuracy for built-up class of the order of 100%, with a zero rate of commission. Therefore, the multi-index (BUI, NDTI and NDVIre) is retained for build-up area extraction due to its best discrimination capability.
The SALT survey of chemically-peculiar hot subdwarfs
Authors: Jeffery C. Simon , Monageng Itumeleng , Miszalski Brent , Snowdon Edward J. , Scott Laura J.A. , Woolf Vincent M. , Dorsh Matti
Published: October 2023

The Southern African Large Telescope (SALT) has surveyed a sample of 300 chemically-peculiar hot subdwarfs with a view to explore evolutionary pathways and connections between a large variety of stars. Observations have been obtained for the entire sample at intermediate resolution to provide classifications and atmosphere parameters, and a smaller sample at high resolution to permit detailed chemical abundance analyses. The first has provided a substantial sample of extremely helium-rich sdO stars, but has also led to significant discoveries of hot white dwarfs, pre-white dwarfs, heavy-metal subdwarfs and extreme helium stars. This paper provides an overview of the current status of the project.
Les étoiles sdO et les émissions en rayons X particulières
Authors: Nazé Yaël , Rauw Gregor , Smith Myron A. , Motch Christian
Published: October 2023

Some Be stars exhibit a bright and extremely hard X-ray emission, whose origin is debated. In this context, it has been advocated that stripped helium-star sdO companions could play a significant role. Using high quality datasets, we examined (1) the binarity of these peculiar Be stars and (2) the X-ray emission of known Be+sdO systems. In this contribution, we present the result of these two studies and assess their impact on the proposed scenario.
Kepler, K2, and TESS observations: ensemble and comparative asteroseismology
Authors: Reed M. D. , Baran A. S. , Østensen R. H. , Telting J. H. , Jeffery C. S.
Published: October 2023

The original Kepler mission detected 18 pulsating subdwarf B (sdBV) stars, K2 observed 161 of our proposed targets with 41 sdB stars found to show p- or g-mode pulsations, and TESS has observed about 1,000 of our proposed targets. All these data should provide ∼300 sdBV stars, from which asteroseismology will provide a host of measurables. Combined with temperatures and gravities (and radii and masses from GAIA parallaxes!), we have a powerful set of observations with which to compare models. Here we review our seismology progress with sdBV stars.
The sdBV+dM close-to-synchronization binary TIC 137608661: inclination and thin disk population
Authors: Silvotti Roberto
Published: October 2023

TIC 137608661 is a new sdBV+dM reflection-effect binary discovered by the TESS space mission with an orbital period of 7.21 hours. In addition to the detailed study of this system that was recently published (Silvotti et al., 2022), this article contains a further discussion on its inclination. Moreover, from the 3D space velocities of the binary obtained from the system’s radial velocity and from the Gaia DR3 proper motion, it is shown that TIC 137608661 belongs to the galactic thin disk population.
The cradle of nonlinear asteroseismology: observations of oscillation mode variability in compact pulsating stars
Authors: Zong Weikai , Charpinet Stéphane , Vauclair Gérard , Fu Jian-Ning , Ma Xiao-Yu
Published: October 2023

We briefly review progress in developing a pathway to nonlinear astereoseismology, both from theoretical and observational aspects. As predicted by the theory of weak nonlinear interactions between resonant modes, their amplitude and frequency can be modulated according to various kinds of patterns. However, those subtle modulations could hardly be well characterized from ground-based photometric monitoring. The Kepler spacecraft offered a new window to find clear-cut evidence of well-determined amplitude and frequency modulations, leading to the first discoveries of such variations in pulsating white dwarf and hot B subdwarf stars. Fol-lowing that direction, a systematic survey of oscillation mode properties in compact pulsators monitored by Kepler suggests that mode variability is likely a common phenomenon, which remain unaccounted for by standard linear non-radial pulsation theory. To reach this conclusion firmly, the survey has now been extended to a larger context including compact stars observed by K2 and TESS. We expect that this extended survey will help to constrain key parameters governing weak nonlinear effects in stellar oscillations.
Le séisme de Mila du 07/08/2020 (Nord-Est algérien) : essai d’interprétation de l’activité sismique et des effets induits au niveau de la colline d’El Kherba
Authors: Bougherara Ahmed , Marmi Ramdane , Boulaarak Moussa , Boufaa Kamel
Published: October 2023

La vulnérabilité du site de la ville de Mila aux mouvements de masse est une contrainte majeure devant son développement urbain. Son héritage morphologique explique largement sa dynamique actuelle. Les grandes coulées quaternaires, issues du démantèlement du flanc nord de Marechau, ont dévié l’oued Mila vers l’ouest pour s’enfoncer sous forme d’arc de cercle et dégager la colline d’El Kherba. La massivité de cette dernière a permis l’installation d’une série de ravins (paléo-vallons) parallèles, inégalement creusés. Faute de soutirage efficace, ces derniers ont été comblés. La surface de contact entre la roche en place et le matériau de comblement est restée une semelle de glissement potentielle. Aussi, la fréquence et l’intensité des séismes (probablement en partie induits) sont loin d’être négligeables. En effet, après l’envahissement du site par une urbanisation rapide et massive, les effets induits des derniers séismes ont été probablement amplifiés d’où les dégâts observés.
Self-Decorating Cells Via Surface-Initiated Enzymatic Controlled Radical Polymerizations
Authors: Belluati Andrea , Happel Dominic , Erbe Malte , Kirchner Nicole , Szwelwicka Anna , Bloch Adrian , Berner Valeria , Christmann Andreas , Hertel Brigitte , Pardehkhorram Raheleh , Reyhani Amin , Kolmar Harald , Bruns Nico
Published: October 2023

Innovatively utilizing surface-displayed horseradish peroxidase, this paper explores the enzymatic catalysis of both bioRAFT polymerization and bioATRP to prompt polymer synthesis on the surface of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells, with bioATRP outperforming bioRAFT polymerization. The resulting surface modification of living yeast cells with synthetic polymers allows for a significant alternation of yeast phenotype, including growth profile, aggregation characteristics, and conjugation of non-native enzymes to the clickable polymers on the cell surface, opening new avenues in bioorthogonal cell-surface engineering.
Electrothermal mineralization of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) for soil remediation
Authors: Cheng Yi , Deng Bing , Scotland Phelecia , Eddy Lucas , Hassan Arman , Wang Bo , Li Bowen , Wyss Kevin , Ucak-Astarlioglu Mine , Chen Jinhang , Si Tengda , Xu Shichen , Gao Xiaodong , JeBailey Khalil , Jana Debadrita , Torres Mark , Wong Michael , Yakobson Boris , Griggs Christopher , McCary Matthew , Zhao Yufeng , Tour James
Published: October 2023

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent and bioaccumulative pollutants that can easily accumulate in soil, posing threat to environment and human health. Current PFAS degradation processes often suffer from low efficiency, high energy and water consumption, or lack of generality. Here, we develop a rapid electrothermal mineralization (REM) process to remediate PFAS-contaminated soil. With environmentally compatible biochar as conductive additive, the soil temperature increases to >1000 °C within seconds by direct current pulse input, converting PFAS to calcium fluoride with inherent calcium compounds in soil. The general electrical mineralization process is applicable for remediating various PFAS contaminants in soil, with high removal efficiencies (>99.9%) and mineralization ratios (>90%). While retaining soil particle size, composition and water infiltration rate, REM facilitates an increase of exchangeable nutrient supply and arthropod survival in soil. REM has a significant reduction of energy consumption and greenhouse gas emission over existing soil remediation practices.
A Sensitive Temperature Sensor with a Large Dynamic Spectral Range Based on a Dual-emissive Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Dendrimer System
Authors: Si Changfeng , Sun Dianming , Zysman-Colman Eli
Published: October 2023

Dual emission from organic thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters is often difficult to observe, especially in the solution-state, because most compounds adhere to Kasha’s rule where emission originates from the lowest energy excited state. Two TADF dendrimers with different rigid and planar N-doped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) as acceptors were designed and synthesized. By modulating the molecular geometry, compound 2GCzBPN that possesses a strongly twisted geometry exhibits TADF, while 2GCzBPPZ, possessing a less twisted geometry, shows dual emission with an emission peak at 475 nm associated with the monomer and one at 575 nm linked to aggregates that is TADF. This dual emission is both concentration-dependent and temperature-dependent in solution. This is the first observation of aggregate emission from TADF dendrimers in solution. The control of the contributions from intramolecular and intermolecular charge-transfer states permits a wide color tuning from sky blue through white to yellow light emission. We demonstrate how 2GCzBPPZ can serve as a temperature sensor and exhibits excellent temperature sensitivity across a very wide temperature range (70 °C to 70 °C) in n-hexane, accompanied by a significant spectral response, ranging from yellow to white, and then blue emission, which is the widest detected temperature range and color response reported for an organic luminescent material in solution and also to the best of our knowledge the first small molecule TADF compound used for colorimetric temperature sensing. By embedding 2GCzBPPZ into paraffin, we demonstrated a spatio-temperature sensor that showed a noticeable emission shift from yellow to green and ultimately to blue as the temperature increased from 20 °C to 200 °C. Finally, solution-processed organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) using these two dendrimer emitters showed divergent performance, with a three-times higher maximum external quantum efficiency (EQEmax) of 15.0% for the device with 2GCzBPPZ compared to the device with 2GCzBPN (5.3%).
Uniform and local degradation of epoxy-based pipeline coatings under service conditions: salt transport and accelerated exposure analysis
Authors: Zargarnezhad Hossein , Wong Dennis , Lam CN. Catherine , Asselin Edouard
Published: October 2023

The barrier performance of epoxy-based powder coatings for pipelines was evaluated through salt transport measurements through free-standing coating films and via cyclic testing of coated steel panels. The permeability of salt through the free-standing coating films was measured using reverse osmosis techniques under hydraulic pressures relevant to industrial use. These tests showed that fusion bonded epoxy (FBE) and high-performance powder coating (HPPC) have low salt permeability. Accelerated exposure tests were then conducted on the coated steel panels, subjecting them to humidified environments, ultraviolet (UV) light, and salt/fog conditions, all in accordance with ASTM D5894. Some of the exposure conditions (e.g., intensity of UV light and humidity) were modified to examine the impact of each parameter on the relative performance of these coating systems. The reversibility of the coating properties was characterized by a thermal cycling protocol and adhesion performance analysis. Alternative exposure to dry- and wet-cycles (at 60°C and 50°C, respectively), salt/fog conditions and UV light results in irreversible damage to the coatings as early as two weeks in. However, coated panels exposed to a lower UV intensity (one tenth of the value defined by the standard) showed minimal degradation of FBE, meaning that the most critical parameter was the UV radiation exposure. For one 336-h ageing sequence under UV exposure, the HPPC exhibited superior performance compared to FBE. More importantly, our extended exposure sequences showed that while the FBE coating structure undergoes a slow ablation process, indicating significant surface damage, it still retains its effectiveness as a barrier. However, the osmotic pressures around coated pipes and the pre-existing, unavoidable, porosity throughout the coating thickness can facilitate local through-thickness pinholes, which could potentially serve as areas susceptible to cathodic disbondment.
Electrocatalytic Urea Synthesis via N2 Dimerization and Universal Descriptor
Authors: Liu Junxian , Lv Xingshuai , Ma Yandong , Smith Sean , Gu Yuantong , Kou Liangzhi
Published: October 2023

Electrocatalytic urea synthesis through N2 + CO2 co-reduction and C−N coupling is a promising and sustainable alternative to harsh industrial processes. Despite considerable efforts, limited progress has been made due to the challenges of breaking inert N≡N bonds for C−N coupling, competing side reactions, and the absence of theoretical principles guiding catalyst design. In this study, we propose a new mechanism for highly electrocatalytic urea synthesis using two adsorbed N2 molecules and CO as nitrogen and carbon sources, respectively. This mechanism circumvents the challenging step of N≡N bond breaking and selective CO2 to CO reduction, as the free CO molecule inserts into dimerized *N2 and binds concurrently with two N atoms, forming a unique urea precursor *NNCONN* with both thermodynamic and kinetic feasibility. Through the new mechanism, Ti2@C4N3 and V2@C4N3 are identified as highly active catalysts for electrocatalytic urea formation, exhibiting low onset potentials of -0.741 and -0.738 V, respectively. Importantly, taking transition metal atoms anchored on porous graphite-like carbonitride (TM2@C4N3) as prototypes, we introduce a simple descriptor, namely, effective d electron number (Φ), to quantitatively describe the structure-activity relationships for urea formation. This descriptor incorporates inherent atomic properties of the catalyst, such as the number of d electrons, electronegativity of the metal atoms, and generalized electronegativity of the substrate atoms, making it potentially applicable to other urea catalysts. Our work advances novel mechanisms and provides a universal guiding principle for catalyst design in urea electrochemical synthesis.
Passive diffusion accounts for the majority of intracellular nanovesicle transport
Authors: Sittewelle Méghane , Royle Stephen J
Published: October 2023

During membrane trafficking, a vesicle formed at the donor compartment must travel to the acceptor membrane before fusing. For large carriers, it is established that this transport is motor-driven; however, the mode by which small vesicles, which outnumber larger carriers, are transported is poorly characterized. Here, we show that intracellular nanovesicles (INVs), a substantial class of small vesicles, are highly mobile within cells and that this mobility depends almost entirely on passive diffusion (0.1–0.3 μm2s−1). Using single particle tracking, we describe how other small trafficking vesicles have a similar diffusive mode of transport that contrasts with the motor-dependent movement of larger endolysosomal carriers. We also demonstrate that a subset of INVs is involved in exocytosis and that delivery of cargo to the plasma membrane during exocytosis is decreased when diffusion of INVs is specifically restricted. Our results suggest that passive diffusion is sufficient to explain the majority of small vesicle transport.
Cultural Interactions of Medieval Societies Hidden in The Symmetry of Ornaments
Authors: ERBUDAK Mehmet
Published: October 2023

We trace the culture on the mosaics of seven medieval civilizations by taking the symmetry of the ornaments found on the mosaics as characteristic evidence for the cultural group in which the artwork is created. We classify the ornaments into 17 wallpaper groups according to their symmetry. Applying the cosine law to the frequency of each symmetry group we calculate the pairwise correlation of the cultural interactions. Finally, a hierarchical cluster analysis is performed on the correlations to find cultural groups that are closely related to each other. The results show the formation of two clusters: The Islamic cluster includes the Arabs and the Seljuk dynasties. The Hellenistic group inspired other Anatolian civilizations and even influenced the Umayyads in Andalusia. These results are consistent with the calculations based on multidimensional scaling. Our work demonstrates the possibility of applying symmetry analysis and statistical methods to the visual arts to reveal valuable details such as the hidden influences in art practice.
Hadrianopolis Kiliseleri Zemin Mozaiklerindeki Haç ve Haçvari Motifler
Authors: VERİM Ercan , ÇELİKBAŞ Ersin
Published: October 2023

Hadrianopolis’te geçmişten günümüze kadar yapılan kazı çalışmalarıyla üç kilise ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Erken Bizans Dönemi’ne tarihlenen bu kiliseler; Hadrianopolis Khora Kilisesi, Dört Nehir Kilisesi ve Kuzeybatı Nekropol Kilisesi olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Kiliselere değer katan en önemli özelliklerinden biri, zeminlerinin Erken Bizans dönemi süsleme karakterini yansıtan mozaiklerle bezenmiş olmalarıdır. Yukarıda adı geçen üç kilisenin zemin mozaiklerinde bazıları büyük bazıları küçük boyutlu, farklı türde haç motifleri görülmektedir. 427 tarihli Theodosius Novellası ve 6. yüzyıldaki Iustinianus Kodeksi’nde zeminde haç motifi yapımı yasaklanmasına rağmen, 5.-6. yüzyıl arasına tarihlenen Hadrianopolis zemin mozaiklerinde, haç motiflerinin işlenmiş olması oldukça dikkat çekicidir. Hadrianopolis mozaiklerinde haç motiflerinin yapılması, dönemin mozaik sanatçılarının haç motifi yapmaktan kendini alıkoyamadıklarıyla açıklanabilir. Ayrıca imparatorluk ve kilise tarafından alınan kararların kentteki geçerliliği ve uygulanabilirliğini de tartışmaya açmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Hadrianopolis zemin mozaiklerindeki haç-haçvari motiflerin biçimsel özellikleri ve tipolojisi ele alınmış, farklı coğrafyalardaki benzer örneklerle karşılaştırılarak motiflerin stilistik özellikleri değerlendirilmiştir. Kiliselerin tarihlendirme sorunsalına da yardımcı olan haç ve haçvari motiflerinin detaylı açıklanarak tanıtılması, bölge arkeolojine olduğu gibi Bizans mozaik sanatına da katkı sunacaktır.
Damage Control Strategies For Vascular Injuries – A Report From The Amazon
Authors: Marinho de Oliveira Góes Junior Adenauer , Saboia Moura Rodrigues Emily
Published: October 2023

Patients may sustain vascular injuries in rural areas or isolated locations, which are very common in the vast area of the Amazon rainforest. In situations like this, patients may take many hours, or even days, to get access to hospitals capable of dealing with these potentially lethal injuries, arriving in severe conditions that may require damage control strategies. Among the currently available techniques for damage control resuscitation and damage control surgery, the endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) and temporary vascular shunts play an important role, but appropriate devices are often unavailable; in such scenarios, surgeons’ expertise on how to improvise devices, using more accessible materials, can be lifesaving. This paper presents a case of femoral vessel injury in a patient who required REBOA and vascular shunt improvisation; discussions regarding possible improvisation strategies are provided and technical steps on how to implement them are described.
DERECELİ PUANLAMA ANAHTARI İLE DERECELENDİRME ÖLÇEĞİ’NDEN ELDE EDİLEN SONUÇLARIN TUTARLILIĞININ İNCELENMESİ: OKUMA AKICILIĞI VE PROZODİK OKUMA ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: TÜNGAÇ Durdane Şelale , KURNAZ Fatma Betül
Published: October 2023

Aynı özelliğin farklı yöntemler kullanılarak değerlendirilmesi ve sonuçlarının karşılaştırılması, araştırmacılara ve uygulayıcılara ölçme yöntemlerine ilişkin önemli bilgiler sunabilir. Bu araştırmada özel eğitime gereksinimi olan hafif derecede zihinsel engelli öğrencilerin okuma akıcılığı ve prozodik okuma becerileri, derecelendirme tipi maddelerden oluşan bir ölçme aracı ve bir dereceli puanlama anahtarı kullanılarak değerlendirilmiş, elde edilen sonuçlar karşılaştırılmıştır. Araştırmada 5. sınıf düzeyindeki özel gereksinimli 75 öğrenciden veri toplanmıştır. Öğrencilerden daha önce görmedikleri bir metni okumaları istenmiş, öğrencilerin okuma performanslarına göre değerlendiriciler Prozodik Okuma Ölçeği ile Çok Boyutlu Okuma Akıcılığı Puanlama Anahtarını kullanarak değerlendirme yapmışlardır. Değerlendirmeler dört farklı uzman tarafından gerçekleştirilmiştir. Değerlendiriciler arasındaki uyum G ve Φ katsayıları, Cronbach’ın  katsayısı, korelasyon katsayıları hesaplanarak incelenmiştir. İki ölçme aracından elde edilen sonuçlar arasında pozitif yüksek korelasyonların olduğu belirlenmiştir. Her iki ölçme aracından elde edilen verilerde tek faktörlü bir yapı olduğu görülmüştür. Ölçme araçlarından elde edilen sonuçlar Çok Boyutlu Okuma Akıcılığı Puanlama Anahtarı’nda yer alan hız bileşeni hariç cinsiyet ve engel türü değişkenlerine göre benzer sonuçlar üretmiştir. Ölçme araçlarının uygulanmasından elde edilen sonuçların güvenilir ve uyumlu olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
SAĞLIK İLETİŞİMİ SORUNLARI İLE SAĞLIK SİSTEMLERİNE GÜVENSİZLİK İLİŞKİSİNDE HEKİME BAĞLILIĞIN ARACI ROLÜ
Authors: KIZILKAYA Selman
Published: October 2023

Kompleks bir yapıdan oluşan sağlık sisteminde, hasta, hekim ve diğer tüm sağlık çalışanlarının birbirleri ile yakın ilişkisi bulunmaktadır. Bu ilişkinin sağlıklı bir şekilde sürdürülmesi durumunda hekime bağlılık artış gösterecektir. Aksi durumda, yaşanacak iletişim sorunları ile sağlık sistemine güvensizlik ortaya çıkacaktır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, sağlık iletişimi sorunları ile sağlık sistemlerine güvensizlik arasındaki ilişkide hekime bağlılığın aracılık rolünün tespit edilmesidir. Bu kapsamda, veri toplama tekniklerinden anket yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Anketler, Türkiye’de 18 yaş üstünde olan toplam 629 kişiye uygulanmıştır. Çalışmada, sağlık iletişimi sorunlarının hekime bağlılığı negatif yönde etkilediği saptanmıştır. Bunun yanında, sağlık iletişimi sorunları ile sağlık sistemlerine güvensizlik arasında pozitif bir ilişki olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Son olarak, sağlık iletişimi sorunlarının sağlık sistemlerine güvensizlik ile olan ilişkisinde hekime bağlılığın aracılık rolünün anlamlı olduğu görülmüştür.
TORQUATO TASSO’DA MELANKOLİNİN ANATOMİSİ
Authors: TÜRK M. Sami
Published: October 2023

Antik tıbbın insan vücuduna bakışında vücudu dört ana sıvıdan müteşekkil gördüğü bilinir. Bu sıvıların her birine suyuk denir. Dört suyuk nitelikleri açısından sıcaklık ve soğukluk, yaşlık ve kuruluk itibariyle ele alınır. Suyuklarda ve/veya niteliklerinde azalma veya çoğalma hastalık sebebidir. Melankoli aslında bu suyuklardan biri olan kara safranın Yunancasıdır. Bu makale Hipokrates ve Galenos’ta suyuklar teorisinin nasıl işlendiğine bakarak Robert Burton’un ünlü eseri Melankolinin Anatomisi’nde melankoli sebep ve belirtilerini inceler. Daha sonra, elde ettiği verilerle, Goethe’nin önde gelen piyeslerinden Torquato Tasso’yu melankoli açısından ayrıntılı bir çözümlemeye tâbi tutar. Torquato Tasso’nun melankolik karakterini, eserden pek çok alıntıyla örneklendirerek teşhis eder.
OĞULDERE (BUBAN) PERİBACALARININ (BİNGÖL) DAĞILIMINDA JEOMORFOLOJİK FAKTÖRLERİN VE BİTKİ ÖRTÜSÜ ÖZELLİKLERİNİN ETKİSİ
Authors: AVCİ Vedat , KIRANŞAN Kemal
Published: October 2023

Bu çalışmada Bingöl’ün kuzeyinde, Oğuldere (Buban) köyünde bulunan peribacalarının dağılımında etkili olan jeomorfolojik faktörler ve bitki örtüsü özelliklerinin etkisinin ortaya konması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada Sayısal Yükseklik Modeli (SYM) ve peribacalarının bulunduğu lokasyonlar ile uydu görüntüsü temel veri setidir. SYM, topoğrafya haritalarından oluşturulmuş ve jeomorfolojik faktörler kapsamında eğim, bakı ve yükselti basamakları katmanları, çalışma alanını kapsayan uydu görüntüsünden Normalize Fark Bitki İndeksi (NDVI) katmanı oluşturulmuştur. Eğim, bakı, yükselti ve NDVI katmanları ile peribacalarının bulunduğu lokasyonlar zonal istatistikle çakıştırılmış, bu lokasyonların her parametre açısından minimum, maksimum ve ortalama değerleri bulunmuştur. Ulaşılan sonuçlara göre orta derecede eğime sahip, güneye bakan yamaçlarda peribacası oluşumun daha yaygın olduğu, benzer litoloji ve eğime sahip kuzeye bakan yamaçlarda peribacası oluşumunun seyrek olduğu görülmüştür. Bu durum kuzeye bakan yamaçların bitki örtüsü açısından zengin olması ile ilgilidir. Sonuçlara göre jeomorfoloji ve bitki örtüsü Oğuldere peribacalarının dağılışında belirleyici olmuştur.
Planning and Implementing of Effective Enabling Works for a Successful TBM Tunnelling Project
Authors: Al-Marri Saad Zayed , Peach Gary , Fernandez Hernan Vigil
Published: October 2023

The outfall tunnel, which forms part of the Musaimer Pump Station and Outfall project (MPSO), is a 10.2 km long subsea tunnel that extends from the south coast of Doha, starting onshore, and continues under the Arabian Gulf to end in a connection with a diffuser field via riser shaft. The excavation of the outfall tunnel using a Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) with a 4.42 m diameter and 180 m long backup, starts from a 40 m deep shaft and has an inclination of 0.05% upward to the riser shaft. The tunnel is constructed by precast concrete elements of 3.7 m internal diameter passing through different geological formations typical in the State of Qatar. Although planning a TBM tunnel involves a significant amount of engineering knowledge and experience, what is equally challenging is the enabling works which are required to be designed and constructed before the TBM even arrives at the site. On this project, these works which were substantial within themselves commenced 16 months before the TBM arrived on site. This paper will discuss the planning and execution of these outstanding underground enabling works, the logistic shaft required to facilitate the assembly and launch of the TBM at the initial stage of tunnelling and also how to arrange the sequence and space in terms of TBM logistics supply requirements to allow simultaneous construction of key permanent structures, namely the drop shaft structure which resulted in 6 months saving on the overall completion on this section of the works.
The Urban Morphology of Mshereib, the Heart of Downtown Doha
Authors: Amleh Rozan A. A. , Major Mark David , Tannous Heba O. , Alyafei Almaha M. , Fetais Ghada H. , Najjar Mohammad A. , Awwaad Reem Y.
Published: October 2023

Doha experienced a remarkable transformation since oil and natural gas exportation began in the mid-twentieth century. Rapid urbanization and globalization ('process of interaction and integration among people, companies, and governments worldwide involving goods, services, data, technology, and capital') characterize this transformation. Doha expanded to accommodate significant population increases and lifestyle changes. The urban expansion was auto-centric and suburban, similar to post-war development in the United States and other western societies. Qatari citizens 'emptied' Old Doha as they moved to contemporary villas in new developments at the suburban periphery. In response, the Qatari government launched plans for Msheireb Downtown Doha. Its purpose is to attract Qataris back to Doha's historic center by providing a walkable, mixed-use urban environment promoting a new model of sustainable urbanism. The design and planning explicitly seek to become rooted in Qatari social identity while preserving cultural heritage and historic resources. Our paper investigates the urban form and function of Msheireb Downtown Doha to evaluate its success. It examines the urban morphology, including figure-ground and pedestrian sheds analysis from crucial locations and surveys of ground-level land uses, active/inactive frontages, and the pattern of building heights. The goal is to illustrate and understand the project's urban form and function logic. Based on this, we argue that Msheireb Downtown Doha does satisfy the inhabitants' desire for a downtown lifestyle. It offers a model for urban regeneration consistent with the Qatar National Vision 2030 for an advanced society, sustainable development, and a high standard of living for people.
Multimodal Transport For Smart Mobility in Emerging Cities: Case of Doha
Authors: Hasan Mahnoor , Fadli Fodil
Published: October 2023

A mobility focused smart city ensures an urban place that is shaped with latest innovations accentuating the overall well-being of its citizens. One of the significant aspects for assessing the Smart Mobility in an emerging city is the assessment of its Multimodal Transport Network. Integrating diverse transportation modes into a single route for seamless mobility is necessary to revolutionize the cities into smart cities. Qatar is currently leading the pace of smart growth by investing profoundly in smart cities infrastructure and evolving mobility technologies. This paper explores: (i) the progress of the smart mobility development and initiatives in Qatar, (ii) the Multimodal transport system in one of its smart cities, Msheireb Downtown Doha (MDD) and (iii) how the Multimodal transport system could be influenced in the light of emerging transportation technologies like Autonomous Vehicles (AVs). The study investigates in-depth the transport network of the city and makes an exploratory analysis. The qualitative approach is used in doing secondary research and performing on-site observations. On-site observations for the smart mobility assessment involved assessing indicators like walkability, cycling, inter-modality and transportation hubs and the overall public transport system in MDD. It is concluded that there is still room for improvement when it comes to developing the intermodal network for the mobility enhancement and deployment of AVs. The outcome of the study is the investigation of the smart mobility initiatives adopted in Qatar, the assessment of multimodal transport pattern of MDD, and a bus route proposal in the era of AVs.
A Bibliometric Study of Visual Quality Research in the Context of Urban Open Spaces
Authors: Najjar Mohammad , Indraganti Madhavi , Bayram Goze
Published: October 2023

Visual quality assessment has received much attention in research by forest management and landscape researchers after the mid-twentieth century with the advent of legal frameworks enacted to protect natural resources, including scenery. Since then, the field has gained momentum that is mostly attached to landscape change and assessing the environmental impact of changes. Urbanized areas, however, received less attention and just started to receive some exposure in the last two decades (concurrently with the emergence of new technologies of GIS and remote sensing). Developing a comprehensive understanding of the visual quality assessment research requires a reconnaissance survey of its history and the trends of its research growth. This study undertakes an analysis of visual quality assessment literature in the context of urban settings using bibliometric tools. The paper employs quantitative techniques to analyse 3,221 journal papers retrieved from the Web of Science using keywords co-occurrence, citation burst, and direct citation analyses with the help of VOSViewer, CiteSpace, and Gephi software. Here we show the discipline’s status quo, trends, and patterns of development. They confirm the recency of urban-related research. Our study touches on the chronological emergence and decay of major visual quality notions. It also highlights the most central studies and the journals and research groups actively working in the field. Moreover, it points out research gaps related to urban spaces for future studies guidance.
Improvement in Environmental Management Performance in Ashghal Projects
Authors: Abdel Rahman Abdel Rahman Tariq A. , Al-Naimi Maitha , Hussein Hany Mohamed A. , Korur Aysegul
Published: October 2023

The Public Works Authority (Ashghal) of Qatar is responsible for countrywide infrastructure and public building projects starting from their planning stages and through design, procurement, construction, operation, and maintenance stages. This includes highways, local roads, surface water drainage networks, foul sewers, treated sewage effluent systems, schools and hospitals. Considering the large number of projects with construction activities ongoing at the same time, it is a challenge to develop a unique and standardized tool for monitoring of environmental management performance of each project, each department or Ashghal wide. Being a supportive department to all other Ashghal departments, with a main role of ensuring the conformity of projects to environmental regulations and standards, Quality and Safety Department (QSD) of Ashghal has started several initiatives to improve environmental management performance of projects. This paper provides a brief information about some of those initiatives, such as a portal for monthly reporting of environmental management performance (EPMS), a unique annual award which was developed to increase awareness for sustainable practices in construction and assist in guiding minimization and/or reduction of adverse environmental impacts caused by construction projects (Ashghal Green Award); and a list of Ashghal approved third-party environmental service providers which will be used as a vendor list in all Ashghal projects. In addition, Ashghal QSD chemical and microbiological laboratories as well as mobile noise and air quality monitoring trucks serve to support projects departments to improve environmental impacts resulted from construction activities on the environmental sensitive receptors located within or nearby the project.
A Strategic Design Approach for Implementing Rainwater Management System Using an Integration of GIS and BIM Tool
Authors: Patil Deshbhushan
Published: October 2023

An increase in urbanization and uncontrolled development has resulted in a water stress situation, which necessitates the exploration of alternate water sources. Rainwater has proven to be a prominent alternate water source after being efficiently harvested. On-ground implementation of the Rainwater Harvesting System (RWHs) at a community level in urban areas has always been challenging and requires technological advancement. To facilitate the implementation of RWHs, the proposed study provides a comprehensive methodology by integrating the Geographical Information System (GIS) and the Building Information Modeling (BIM) tools. Initially, the hydro-spatial analysis was performed with a GIS tool to obtain an optimized rainstorm collection network and to aid in establishing the geometrical properties of RWHs. Further, an outcome from the analysis was utilized to develop a visualization model using the BIM tool. The proposed methodology is implemented as a case study in the municipality of Jaipur (India). The developed multidimensional BIM contributes to the sustainability of the project in terms of resources, economy, and efficiency over the life cycle. As an outcome, the proposed study provides a comprehensive methodology for effectively utilizing rainwater to cope with the growing water demand and contribute to flood mitigation in urban regions.
Analisis Fluktuasi Harga Pangan di Kota Bogor
Authors: Bahtiar Rizal , Raswatie Fitria Dewi
Published: October 2023

World food trade makes it challenging to control domestic food products due to the influence of international price trends. Various issues within the country, including production and distribution, lead to fluctuations in the prices of essential food items such as rice, soybeans, chicken meat, chili, and shallots. Local governments, including the City of Bogor, play a vital role in managing price fluctuations, especially through the coordination of regional, central, and monetary policies to ensure a stable supply of goods. Most food commodities experience price pressure during harvest seasons. Unfortunately, controlling food prices becomes difficult when domestic supply decreases. This study provides an overview of the patterns of food price changes, considering variations in production capacity, seasonality, increased demand, and other specific events. The analysis involves calculating the Month-to-Month (MoM) price trends and comparing the average price with the model price for each year. The results indicate that fluctuations in food prices are influenced by factors such as commodity supply, rising production input costs, increased demand for commodities, weather conditions at agricultural production sites, import restrictions, and international demand. By optimizing cost structures in price formation, it is possible to reduce depreciation costs and transaction costs for increased efficiency. One key policy to address rising food prices is expanding the functions of Perumda Pasar Pakuan Jaya to include market operations and the management of commodity stocks, enabling better control over food prices.
PERSEPSI PENGGUNAAN E-PAYMENT DI ERA CASHLESS SOCIETY: PERAN NILAI ONLINE SHOPPING, MANFAAT E-PAYMENT DAN KEPATUHAN SYARIAH (SHARIA COMPLIANCE)
Authors: Nugrahini Dian Essa , Hijri Alfian Ahmad
Published: October 2023

This study aims to examine three factors that influence differences in perceptions of using e-payments, namely the perceived value of online shopping, the benefits of e-payments and compliance with Islamic Sharia. This research adopts a quantitative methodology. Data collection was carried out using surveys and interviews. The population in this study are online shoppers, namely buyers who shop online. The results were concluded using the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) technique. The variable that shows a significant effect on perceptions of using e-payments is the perceived benefits of using e-payments. There is a significant influence of the perceived e-shopping value on the perceived benefits of using e-payments. Meanwhile, the perceived e-shopping value does not have a significant effect on the perceived use of e-payments. In testing the moderating impact of compliance with Islamic Sharia does not show a significant effect.
Keywords:
Perceptions of Using E-Payment; Perceived Value; Benefits of E-Payment; Islamic Sharia Compliance; Cashless Society