bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multimodal Ligand Binding Studies of Human and Mouse G-Coupled Taste Receptors to Correlate with their Species-Specific Sweetness Properties
Authors: Assadi-Porter Fariba M. , Radek James , Rao Hongyo , Tonelli Marco
Published: August 2018

Taste signaling is a complex process that is linked to obesity and its associated metabolic syndromes. The sweet taste is mediated through a heterodimeric G protein coupled receptor (GPRC) in a species-specific manner and at multi-tissue specific levels. The sweet receptor recognizes a large number of ligands with structural and functional diversities to modulate different amplitudes of downstream signaling pathway(s). The human sweet-taste receptor has been extremely difficult to study by biophysical methods due to inadequate methods for producing large homogeneous quantities of the taste-receptor protein and a lack of reliable in vitro assays to precisely measure productive ligand binding modes leading to activity upon their interactions with the receptor protein. We report a multimodal high throughput assays to monitor ligand binding, receptor stability and conformational changes to model the molecular interactions between ligand-receptor. We applied saturation transfer difference nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (STD-NMR) complemented by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, and intrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy (IF) to characterize binding interactions. Our method using complementary NMR and biophysical analysis is advantageous to study the mechanism of ligand binding and signaling processes in other GPCRs.
Real-Time Lossless Compression Algorithm for Ultrasound Data Using BL Universal Code
Authors: Kim Jung Hoon , Yeo Sunmi , Kim Jong Won , Kim Kyeongsoon , Song Tai-kyong , Yoon Changhan , Sung Joohon
Published: August 2018

Software-based ultrasound imaging systems provide high flexibility that allows easy and fast adoption of newly developed algorithms. However, the extremely high data rate required for data transfer from sensors (e.g., transducers) to the ultrasound imaging systems is a major bottleneck in the software-based architecture, especially in the context of real-time imaging. To overcome this limitation, in this paper, we present a Binary cLuster (BL) code, which yields an improved compression ratio compared to the exponential Golomb code. Owing to the real-time encoding/decoding features without overheads, the universal code is a good solution to reduce the data transfer rate for software-based ultrasound imaging. The performance of the proposed method was evaluated using in vitro and in vivo data sets. It was demonstrated that the BL-beta code has a good stable lossless compression performance of 20 ~ 30% while requiring no auxiliary memory or storage.
New Data on Copper and Silver Ore-Occurrence Sigurd  in West-Spitsbergen Island, Svalbard archipelago
Authors: Evdokimov Alexandr , Sirotkin Alexandr , Korobova Gusel
Published: August 2018

One of the largest in the archipelago silver-copper mineralisation at Mount Sigurdf′ellet in West Spitsbergen Island was found in 1990 by Russian geologists. Firstly genesis was caused exclusively with hydrothermal ore migration of a substance from the enclosing sandstone and siltstone of the Devonian age. But subsequent work on the ore and nearest rocks of the basement gave a new factual material on the geochemical characteristics of potential sources of metals and found new for this mineral occurrence - gold mineralization. Similarity of geochemical associations of Sigurd ore occurrence with nearby upper Proterozoic marble as the first likely source of ore substance and the second - caused by carbonate-containing streaks in Low Devonian sediments. Ore-formation, probably due to repeated hydrothermal processes and was completed in a period of tectono-magmatic activity in Jurassic-Cretaceous time.
Insights Into Machining of a β Titanium Biomedical Alloy from Chip Microstructures
Authors: Kent Damon , Rahman Rashid Rizwan , Bermingham Michael , Attar Hooyar , Sun Shoujin , Dargusch Matthew
Published: August 2018

New metastable β titanium alloys are receiving increasing attention due to their excellent biomechanical properties and machinability is critical to their uptake. In this study machining chip microstructure have been investigated to gain an understanding of strain and temperature fields during cutting. For higher cutting speeds, ≥60 m/min, the chips have segmented morphologies characterised by a serrated appearance. High levels of strain in the primary shear zone promote formation of expanded shear band regions between segments which exhibit intensive refinement of the β phase down to grain sizes below 100 nm. The presence of both α and β phases across the expanded shear band suggests that temperatures during cutting are in the range of 400-600°C. For the secondary shear zone, very large strains at the cutting interface result in heavily refined and approximately equiaxed nanocrystalline β grains with sizes around 20-50 nm, while further from the interface the β grains become highly elongated in the shear direction. An absence of the α phase in the region immediately adjacent to the cutting interface indicates recrystallization during cutting and temperatures in excess of the 720°C β transus temperature.
Spectrogram Analysis: An Approach to Identify The Quadrotor Thrust Model
Authors: Brandão Alexandre , Pizetta Igor , Pizziolo Tarcisio , Sarcinelli Mario
Published: August 2018

This paper deals with a non-contact method to identify the aerodynamic propeller parameters of the Parrot AR.Drone quadrotor. The experimental set consists in a camera recording the vehicle flights, the audio signal is extracted and is used a spectrogram analysis to estimates the propeller velocity. First, the aerial vehicle takes off and starts a hovering maneuver. The experiment is repeated with different additional masses attached to its rigid body. If the weight over the UAV increases/decreases, then the propeller must rotates faster/slower to produce a higher/lower thrust, and consequently, the sound frequency increases/decreases. Finally, this proposition is validated experimentally, and the estimated velocity is used to identify the quadrotor thrust parameters.
Validation of a LC-MS/MS Method for Quantitative Analysis of MELK Inhibitor OTS167 in Mouse Serum: Application to a Pharmacokinetic Study
Authors: Yong Wei Peng , Subhash Vinod Vijay , Ee Mitchell Qin-Ying , Syn Nicholas , Yeo Mei Shi , Xiang Xiaoqiang , Wong Andrea Li-Ann , Kumar Alan Prem , Sethi Gautam , Hui Kam Man , Ho Paul Chi-Lui , Goh Boon Cher , Wang Lingzhi
Published: August 2018

A novel, rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the evaluation of OTS167 pharmacokinetics in mouse serum. SN-38 was optimized to be selected as the internal standard. Chromatographic separation was performed on a BDS Hypersil C18 column (100 x 2.1 mm, 5 µm) using gradient elution with mobile phase solvent A as water containing 0.1% formic acid and solvent B as acetonitrile containing 0.1% formic acid. The analysis was carried out using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) with a triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer operated in the positive electrospray ionization mode. Mass transitions of 487.2 > 348.0 and 393.2 > 349.2 were monitored for OTS167 and SN-38 respectively. The standard calibration curve demonstrated high linearity at a range of 5-1000 ng/mL, with a coefficient of determination (r2) ≥ 0.996. The accuracy for OTS167 ranged from 92.3% to 102.2% and the precision was ≤ 12.7%. Recovery was consistent at about 83% to 89%. No significant matrix effect was observed. This method was successfully applied to monitor the pharmacokinetic profiles in mice over 24 h after ingestion of 5 mg/kg of OTS167. Maximum serum concentrations (3197 ng/mL) of OTS167 was observed at 1.67 hour after OTS167 ingestion via garage at 5 mg/kg and area under the curve (AUC) was 28579 h*ng/mL, suggesting that OTS167 can be quickly absorbed after oral administration.
Elevating Art Thinking to a Fine Art
Authors: Robbins Peter
Published: August 2018

This article uses a contemporary and revelatory case study to explore the relationship between three conversations in the innovation literature: design thinking, creativity in strategy and, the emerging area of art-thinking. Businesses are increasingly operating in a VUCA environment where they need to design better experiences for their customers and better outcomes for their firm and the Arts are no exception. Innovation, or more correctly growth through innovation, is a top priority for business and although there is no single, unifying blueprint for success at innovation, design thinking is the process that is receiving most attention and getting most traction.  Design thinking teaches businesses to think with the creativity and intuition of a designer; to show a deep understanding of; and have empathy with the user.  But design thinking has limitations. By placing the consumer at the very heart of the innovation process, design thinking can often lead to more incremental than radical ideas.  Now there is a new perspective emerging, art-thinking, in which the objective is not to design a journey from current scenario; A to improved position: B.  Art thinking requires the creation of B and spends more time in the open ended, problem space, staking out possibilities and looking for uncontested space. In Dublin, we examine a case of the oldest, largest and most prestigious fine art gallery and studio where most of the country’s best-known and successful visual artists both make, exhibit and sell their art.  Graphic Studio Dublin is primarily a printmaking studio, established by artists over 60 years ago. It has facilities for woodblock, lino-print, silkscreen, intaglio and carborundum etching spread over four floors of a centrally located studio where the artists have access 24/7.  But two years ago it found itself on the brink of collapse having borrowed heavily to invest in new facilities during the period of Ireland’s economic collapse.  Its loans were sold to a vulture-fund who were about to foreclose in a move that would have seen a generation of Irish Artists displaced.  A new board of directors was empaneled and they introduced some art thinking principles to bring the organisation back from the brink.  They used an art-thinking mindset and design thinking tools to restore the fortunes of this venerable, artist-led institution and it worked.
Study on the Classification, Causality, Preventability and Severity of Adverse Drug Reactions Found in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital
Authors: Sundaran Siraj , Udayan Anjali , Hareendranath Keerthi , Eliyas Basil , Ganesan Babu , Hassan Ashik , Subash Rajesh , Palakkal Vishnu , Salahudeen Mohammed Saji
Published: August 2018

Hospital-based adverse drug reaction (ADR) monitoring and reporting programs intend to identify and quantify the risks associated with the use of drugs. To examine the causality, preventability and severity of ADR in a hospital setting; a prospective cohort study on spontaneous ADR reporting was conducted from December 2015 to May 2016. Incidence of ADRs, causality, type, severity and preventability were assessed using necessary assessment scales. The study included 3157 hospitalized individuals, in whom 51 ADRs were detected among 49 patients. The overall incidence of suspected ADRs was found to be 1.6%. According to the causality assessment, most of the ADRs reported were probable (n = 26, 51.0%), and type A (augmented/pharmacological) reactions (n = 39, 76%) were the most common type of ADR found. The majority of ADRs were moderate to severe (n = 35, 68.6%), of which 37.3% were found to be potentially preventable. Predictability was observed in 28 (54.9%) reported ADRs. The drugs most frequently associated with ADRs were antibiotics, antiepileptics and antihypertensives. This feasibility study was able to highlight the clinical pharmacist’s role in ADR monitoring service and create awareness about the way it could be done to promote safer drug use. Similar ADR reporting programs are necessary to educate and to improve awareness among the healthcare professionals in developing countries.
Isoenergetic Cycle for the Quantum Rabi Model
Authors: Alvarado Barrios G. , Peña Francisco J. , Albarrán-Arriagada F. , Vargas P. , Retamal J. C.
Published: August 2018

The isoenergetic cycle is a purely mechanical cycle comprised of adiabatic and isoenergetic processes. In the latter the system interacts with an energy bath keeping constant the expectation value of the Hamiltonian. This cycle has been mostly studied in systems consisting of particles confined in a power-law trap. In this work we study the performance of the isoenergetic cycle for a system described by the quantum Rabi model for the case of controlling the coupling strength parameter, the resonator frequency and the two-level system frequency. For the cases of controlling either the coupling strength parameter or the resonator frequency, we find that it is possible to closely approach to maximal unit efficiency when the parameter is sufficiently increased in the first adiabatic stage. In addition, for the first two cases the maximal work extracted is obtained at parameter values corresponding to high efficiency which constitutes an improvement over current proposals of this cycle.
Developing a Business Plan for a Library Publishing Program
Authors: McCready Kate , Molls Emma
Published: August 2018

Over the last twenty years, library publishing has emerged in higher education as a new class of publisher. Conceived as a response to commercial publishing practices that have strained library budgets and prevented scholars from openly licensing and sharing their works, library publishing is both a local service program and a broader movement to disrupt the current scholarly publishing arena. It is growing both in numbers of publishers, quality of publications, and numbers of works produced. The commercial publishing framework which determines the viability of monetizing a product is not necessarily applicable for library publishers who exist as a common good to address the needs of their academic communities. Like any business venture, however, library publishers must develop a clear service model and business plan in order to create shared expectations for funding streams, quality markers, as well as technical and staff capacity. As the field is maturing from experimental projects to full programs, library publishers are formalizing their offerings and limitations. The anatomy of a library publishing business plan is presented and includes the principles of the program, scope of services, and staffing and governance requirements. Other aspects include production policies, financial structures, and measures of success.
Spatial Distribution of DDT and Its Metabolites in Soils from Indoor Residual Spraying in Tshilamusi Village, Limpopo
Authors: Gitari Wilson , Makoni Tonderai , Somerset Vernon , Babajide Omotola
Published: August 2018

The continued application of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in indoor residual spraying has posed significant threat to human health in Northern part of South Africa, despite its ban. In this study, we investigated the occurrence and spatial distribution of DDTs and its metabolites in surface soil (30 samples) collected in and around the spray homesteads; demarcated into three concentric zones A, B, C in Tshilamusi Vhembe district, South Africa. DDTs were the most abundant of all the OCPs chemicals found in soil samples. The concentrations of DDT range from 12.19 to 65.69 µg/kg, with the highest occurring at zone A which is the zone of application. DDTs and all its metabolites considered in this study were found in appreciable concentrations in soil of Zones B and C, far from spray sites. The results showed a strong correlation between distance and concentration levels of DDTs and its metabolites. However, there is a need for proper monitoring of OCPs chemicals in other environmental matrices as well as relevant agencies enforcing strict adherence to regulations on consumption of OCPs.
Present Glaciers of Tavan Bogd Mountain Massif and Their Changes Since the LIA
Authors: Ganyushkin Dmitry A. , Chistyakov Kirill V. , Volkov Ilya V. , Bantcev Dmitry V. , Kunaeva Elena P. , Andreeva Tatyana A. , Terekhov Anton V. , Otgonbayar Demberel
Published: August 2018

The study is based on the results of long-term field studies, satellite and aerial data analysis. In the maximum of the Little Ice Age (LIA) 243 glaciers with a total area of 353.4 km2 were reconstructed. By the results of interpretation of Corona images by 1968 the number of glaciers increased (236), the total area reduced to 242 km2. In 2010 glaciation was represented by 237 glaciers with a total area of 201 km2. Thus, from the maximum of the LIA, the glaciation of the Tavan-Bogd mountains decreased by 43%, which is somewhat less than the neighboring glacial centers (Ikh-Turgen, Tsambagarav, Tsengel-Khayrkhan and Mongun-Taiga mountains). The probable cause is the predominance of larger glaciers relatively resistant to warming and higher altitudes. The effect of glacier size on their stability is supported by differences in the relative shrinkage of glaciers in different parts of the Tavan-Bogdo-Ola massif: the smallest decline occurred in the basins of the Tsagan-Gol (31.7%) and Sangadir (36.4%) rivers where the largest glaciers are located. On the contrary, on the lower periphery of the massif, where small glaciers predominate, the relative reduction was large (74-79%). On the background of the general retreat trend large valleys glaciers retreated faster in 1968-1977 and after 2010. In 1990-s the retreat was slow. After 2010 the glacial retreat was extremely fast. The retreat of glaciers in the last 50-60 years was caused by a trend towards a decrease in the amount of precipitation until the mid-1970s and a sharp warming in the 1990s and early 2000s.
Conceptual Framework for Assessing Organization’s Readiness to Big Data Adoption
Authors: Olszak Celina M. , Mach-Król Maria
Published: August 2018

The main aim of this paper is to explore the issue of big data and to propose a conceptual framework for big data, based on the temporal dimension. The Temporal Big Data Maturity Model (TBDMM) is a means for assessing organization’s readiness to fully profit from big data analysis. It allows the measurement of the current state of the organization’s big data assets and analytical tools, and to plan their future development. The framework explicitly incorporates a time dimension, providing a complete means for assessing also the readiness to process temporal data and/or knowledge that can be found in modern sources, such as big data ones. Temporality in the proposed framework extends and enhances the already existing maturity models for big data. This research paper is based on a critical analysis of literature, as well as creative thinking, and on the case-study approach involving multiple cases. The literature-based research has shown that the existing maturity models for big data do not treat the temporal dimension as the basic one. At the same time, dynamic analytics is crucial for a sustainable competitive advantage. This conceptual framework was well received among practitioners, to whom it has been presented during interviews. The participants in the consultations often expressed their need of temporal big data analytics, and hence the temporal approach of the maturity model was widely welcomed.
Radial Growth Response of Abies georgei to Climate at the Upper Timberlines in Central Hengduan Mountains, Southwestern China
Authors: Yin Dingcai , Xu Derong , Tian Kun , Xiao Derong , Zhang Weiguo , Sun Dacheng , Sun Hui , Zhang Yun
Published: August 2018

Climate change has a inevitable impacts on tree radial growth, particularly at mountain timeberlines. To understand climate effects on conifer radial growth in the central Hengduan Mountains and potential impacts of future climate change on conifer forest, we studied growth responses to climate variables in Abies georgei, the major tree species of conifer forest in Hengduan Mountains. We collected tree ring samples from four sites near the timberlines and analyzed the relationship between principle components (PC#1) of four chronologies and climatic variables by using response function analysis (RFA), redundancy analysis (RDA) and moving interval analysis (MIA). A. georgei growth was affected by both temperature (positive effects) and precipitation (negative effects). Specifically, the radial growth of A. georgei was significantly and positively correlated with current July and previous November temperature (detected by both RFA and RDA), while precipitation of current June and September inhibited tree growth (detected by RDA). More rapid warming in recent 20 years (1990–2010) clearly enhanced growth responses to July and November temperature, whereas the relationship was weaken for June and September precipitation according to MIA. Under the climate trend of the study area, if the increasing temperature could offset the negative effects of excessive precipitation, A. georgei radial growth would likely benefit from warming, the dynamics of conifer forest should also consider indirect impacts of climate change.
Sustainable Management of the Offer of Cultural Institutions in the Cross-Border Market for Cultural Services – Barriers and Conditions
Authors: Wróblewski Łukasz , Dziadzia Bogusław , Dacko-Pikiewicz Zdzisława
Published: August 2018

The concept of sustainable management in culture has been recognised in global strategic documents on sustainable development for more than a decade. It is also increasingly reflected in the cultural polices of particular states, and – very importantly –cultural managers responsible for shaping the cultural offer in cities are becoming more interested in this concept. Despite the increasing attention being paid to this topic among both practitioners and theoreticians of management, in none of these documents or other works can we find any content directly related to the possibility of applying this concept in a town which, due to political turmoil, has been divided by a national border. Hence, this gap was the direct impulse for taking up research in this field. In the article, by using different notions of the market, our own definition of a cross-border market for cultural services was developed, and the conditions for the functioning of this market were presented based on the example town of Cieszyn (Poland) and Český Těšín (Czech Republic). In the opinion of the authors of the article, the development and functioning of a cross-border market for cultural services is essential for the application of the concept of sustainable management of the cultural offer in a town divided by a border. For the purpose of the article, a survey and individual interviews with experts shaping the cultural offer in Cieszyn and Český Těšín were conducted. The results of the research prove that despite numerous cross-border Czech-Polish projects carried out by cultural institutions, there are still many barriers in the town which make it difficult for the residents to benefit from the cultural offer available on the other side of the border. These barriers limit the full implementation and application of the concept of sustainable management of the cultural offer.
Globalization Effects on the Reports of Non-Endemic Parasitosis in Italy
Authors: Bracaglia Giorgia , Mancinelli Livia , Ranno Stefania , Del Chierico Federica , Tchidjou Hyppolite K. , Porzio Ottavia , Onetti Muda Andrea , Putignani Lorenza
Published: August 2018

Protozoa and helminths are responsible for several intestinal parasite infections (IPIs). Generally helminth infections are very unsafe but scarcely reported in high-income countries, while protozoa and helminth co-infections are usually reported in children living in inadequate hygienic-sanitary conditions and in rural areas. However, the impact of growing globalization, intense travelling, international adoptions and high levels of immigrants and refugees has significantly incremented the incidence of oro-faecal parasitosis in non endemic areas. Although most IPs clear without treatment when population, even children, emigrate from endemic to different geographical areas, some IPIs such as strongyloidiasis may persist for decades as subclinical infections or as low-grade disease with nonspecific clinical manifestations, unless to reappear under impairment conditions. Herein we report an unusual case of Giardia lamblia and Trichuris spp. chronic asymptomatic co-infection in a healthy adopted Romanian child, living in a Central Italy rural area, and an hidden case of Strongyloides stercoralis in an adopted Burundian child, resident in South Italy, long misdiagnosed as a recurrent undefined dermatitis. Our report suggests the need to review primary care practitioner guidelines and children's hospital procedures for appropriate IPIs screening and follow-up, hence providing new screening and prevention strategies, in agreement with international guidelines.
Multi-Temporal Landsat8 Satellite Data Based Crops and Other Land Use Spatial Estimation in Okara District of Pakistan
Authors: Akhtar Ibrar ul Hassan , Hussain Athar , Javed Kashif , Ghazanfar Hammad
Published: August 2018

Developing countries like Pakistan is among those where lack of adoption to science and technology advancement is a major constraint for Satellite Remote Sensing use in crops and land use land cover digital information generation. Exponential rise in country population, increased food demand, limiting natural resources coupled with migration of rural community to urban areas had further led to skewed official statistics. This study is an attempt to demonstrate the possible use of freely available satellite data like Landsat8 under complex cropping system of Okara district of Punjab, Pakistan. An Integrated approach has been developed for the satellite data based crops and land use/cover spatial area estimation. The resultant quality was found above 96% with Kappa statistics of 0.95. Land utilization statistics provided detail information about cropping patterns as well as land use land cover status. Rice was recorded as most dominating crop in term of cultivation area of around 0.165 million ha followed by autumn maize 0.074 million ha, Fallow crop fields 0.067 million ha and Sorghum 0.047 million ha. Other minor crops observed were potato, fodder and cotton being cultivated on less than 0.010 million ha. Population settlements were observed over an area of around 0.081 million ha of land. 
Digital and Intelligent Public Administration: transformations in the era of artificial intelligence
Authors: Corvalán Juan Gustavo
Published: August 2018

This article addresses the impact of the digital era and it specifically refers to information and communication technologies (ICT) in Public Administration. It is based on the international approach and underscores the importance of incorporating new technologies established by the United Nations and the Organization of American States. Thereon, it highlights the Argentine Republic national approach towards ICT, and how it has moved towards a digital paradigm. It then emphasizes on the challenges and opportunities that emerge from the impact that artificial intelligence has in transforming Public Administration. Finally, it concludes that the key challenge of the Fourth Industrial Revolution is to achieve a boost towards a Digital and Intelligent Administration and government, which promotes the effectiveness of rights and an inclusive technological development that assures the digital dignity of people.
Irreducible Dislocation of the Proximal Interphalangeal Joint of the Second Toe in a Six-Year-Old Child
Authors: Nabi Wahidun , Kurup Harish
Published: August 2018

Case:

Closed reduction was unsuccessful in a 6-year-old girl with a dislocated proximal interphalangeal joint of the second toe. Surgical exploration revealed soft-tissue entrapment by a ruptured medial collateral ligament. After the entrapment was cleared, the joint was reduced but remained unstable. The ligament was repaired with an all-suture mini-anchor to restore stability. The patient had a good recovery, and normal toe function had been restored by 3 months.

Conclusion:

This rare case demonstrates the safety of the use of all-suture mini-anchors in treating similar injuries in children because they leave a minimal footprint and a minimal amount of foreign material.
Leg-Length Discrepancy, Functional Scoliosis, and Low Back Pain
Authors: Sheha Evan D. , Steinhaus Michael E. , Kim Han Jo , Cunningham Matthew E. , Fragomen Austin T. , Rozbruch S. Robert
Published: August 2018

* In the setting of leg-length discrepancy (LLD), functional scoliosis occurs when the lumbar spine compensates for pelvic obliquity to maintain shoulder balance.

* Long-standing LLD may result in degenerative changes of the lumbar spine, altered gait mechanics, and low back pain.

* Patients with LLD, low back pain, and functional scoliosis should undergo radiographic evaluation with the pelvis leveled using blocks placed under the shorter limb. When the LLD or symptoms are minimal, patients may benefit from a shoe lift. Patients with an LLD of >20 mm may be considered for operative intervention.
UM MUTIRÃO DE VOZES, ROSTOS E AÇÕES: UMA LEITURA DAS PAISAGENS DA FESTA-ROMARIA DE TRINDADE, GOIÁS
Authors: Chaveiro Eguimar Felício , Azevedo Helsio Amiro Motany de Albuquerque , Gonçalves Ricardo Junior de Assis Fernandes
Published: August 2018

Resumo: A Festa-Romaria de Trindade/GO aglutina rostos e tradições, sintetiza manifestações simbólicas do catolicismo e ao mesmo tempo, modifica as paisagens, organiza o território e o trabalho, intensifica a dinâmica econômica local e revela as mudanças culturais de Goiás. É também um estuário de acontecimentos e especialmente de uma disputa de apropriação que tem a presença de atores hegemônicos como o Estado, a Mídia, a Polícia e a Gestão Municipal. Em função disso, o problema que ampara as reflexões que norteiam esse artigo é: como enxergar na apropriação diversa da Festa-Romaria de Trindade as transformações do território goiano? A metodologia utilizada na pesquisa baseia-se em procedimentos qualitativos como pesquisa de campo, registros fotográficos, observação direta e entrevistas.
AS PERSPECTIVAS DA ECONOMIA SOLIDÁRIA PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO ECONÔMICO EM BRUSQUE/SC E ENTORNO GEOGRÁFICO E NA 10ª REGIÃO ADMINISTRATIVA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO
Authors: Melo Nildo Aparecido de
Published: August 2018

A economia solidária defende a solidariedade, a cooperação e a associação coletiva para engendrar o desenvolvimento econômico, bem como para o enfrentamento do desemprego e da precarização/desestruturação do mundo do trabalho sob o capitalismo globalizado contemporâneo, estando associada teoricamente aos preceitos do desenvolvimento sustentável, do desenvolvimento local e dos socialistas utópicos do século XIX. A análise das formas e das estruturas funcionais das iniciativas solidárias nos municípios que fazem parte da 10ª Região Administrativa do estado de São Paulo e em Brusque/SC e entorno geográfico tem como objetivo o questionamento das contradições e das possibilidades da economia solidária no espaço geográfico regional.
Turismo, mercado imobiliário e conflito sócioespaciais no Nordeste brasileiro
Authors: Pontes da Fonseca MARIA Aparecida , Janoschka Michael
Published: August 2018

O trabalho aborda a relação entre turismo e mercado imobiliário, destacando os conflitos sócioespaciais decorrentes da valorização dos imóveis a partir da internacionalização da atividade turística no litoral do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, localizado no Nordeste brasileiro. A ideia subjacente ao trabalho é que os processos globais intensificam os conflitos locais. A principal fonte de pesquisa foram os cartórios de imóveis dos municípios enfocados no presente estudo, através dos quais tivemos acesso a informações sobre a aquisição de terras por estrangeiros. A dinamização do mercado de imóveis acarretou alguns conflitos territoriais nas três principais destinações turísticas do Rio Grande do Norte (Natal, Tibau do Sul e São Miguel do Gostoso) decorrentes das distintas formas de uso e ocupação do solo e dos diferentes significados que este uso possibilita (valor de uso e valor de troca).
EDITORIAL
Authors: Camargo Luiz Octávio de Lima , Stefanini Claudio José
Published: August 2018

EDITORIAL Ao entrar no seu 15º ano de existência, a Revista Hospitalidade orgulha-se de várias conquistas. Em primeiro lugar, pode, com a necessária modéstia, ostentar seu pioneirismo na abordagem do tema. Hoje, outras revistas como a Rosa dos Bentos (UCS), sediada num programa de pós-graduação que também traz a hospitalidade no título, a Turismo: Visão e Ação (UNIVALI), a Turismo em Análise (USP) e mesmo a RBTUR (ANPTUR), trazem artigos que tem o conceito como palavra-chave e não raro como título.Em segundo lugar, pode orgulhar-se de se ter mantido equidistante das abordagens parciais tanto de revistas anglófonas, que privilegiam a hospitalidade em espaço comercial, como das francófonas, que a privilegiam na abordagem sócio antropológica, ligada a temas como imigração, cidade, etc.Em terceiro lugar, pode qualificar de bem-sucedida a missão que empreendeu de mostrar a enorme abrangência do conceito e mostrá-lo como relevante para toda e qualquer abordagem científica que contemple os temas da relação interpessoal, da virtude do bem receber e ser recebido, dos ritos realizados na cena hospitaleira e das trocas tanto utilitárias como não utilitárias.Os títulos do presente número podem bem confirmar estas assertivas. Lá estão abordados temas como o turismo, festas, universidade, etc. Duarte e Oliveira tratam do turismo rural acessível. Pereira et al tratam a hospitalidade como vantagem competitiva na hotelaria. Barcelos Marques trata das qualidades do anfitrião hospitaleiro. Perinotto et al tratam a comunicação visual como fator de acessibilidade aos meios de hospedagem. Fernandes, Fonseca e Ribeiro examinam os atributos pessoais da cultura de hospitalidade de estudantes universitários. As festas estão presentes nas abordagens de Silveira e Miguel e de Gastal e Martins. Rômulo Duarte e outros tratam dos resultados de oficina de hospitalidade em evento no Rio de Janeiro. Rodrigues e Amorim tratam da sinalização em sítios históricos. Cleomar Gomes fala da importância das brincadeiras na hospitalidade para crianças no espaço escolar.Outra boa notícia é que os textos faltantes, os publicados nas edições impressas dos 3 primeiros anos, foram digitalizados e devidamente incluídos no site da revista.Neste seu 15º ano de existência, pode finalmente mostrar que todos os artigos já ostentam o DOI e o processo de inclusão em outras bases e indexadores estão a caminho, o que deve se refletir em breve na avaliação da revista pelo sistema QUALIS-CAPES.É o momento de informar que o V.15 n2 de 2018 continua aberto e os interessados já podem enviar suas propostas de publicação.Luiz Octávio de Lima CamargoCláudio José StefaniniEditores
Circulating Biomarkers for Tumor Angiogenesis: Where Are We?
Authors: Di Paolo Virginia , Colletti Marta , Ferruzzi Valentina , Russo Ida , Galardi Angela , Alessi Iside , Milano Giuseppe Maria , Di Giannatale Angela
Published: August 2018

Background:

In recent years, several anti-angiogenic drugs have been developed
and their addition to standard treatment has been associated with clinical benefits. However,
the response to anti-angiogenic therapy is characterized by considerable variability. In this
context, the development of dynamic non-invasive biomarkers would be helpful to elucidate
the emergence of anti-angiogenic resistance as well as to correctly address the treatment.

Objectives:

The purpose of this review is to describe current reports on circulating diagnostic
and prognostic biomarkers related to angiogenesis. We further discuss how this non-invasive
strategy could improve the monitoring of tumor treatment and help clinical strategy.

Results:

We discuss the latest evidence in the literature regarding circulating anti-angiogenic
markers. Besides growth factor proteins, different circulating miRNAs could exert a pro- or
anti-angiogenic activity so as to represent suitable candidates for a non-invasive strategy. Recent
reports indicate that tumor-derived exosomes, which are small membrane vesicles abundant
in biological fluids, also have an impact on vascular remodeling.

Conclusion:

Numerous circulating biomarkers related to angiogenesis have been recently
identified. Their use will allow identifying patients who are more likely to benefit from a specific
anti-angiogenic treatment, as well as detecting those who will develop resistance and/or
adverse effects. Nonetheless, further studies are required to elucidate the role of these biomarkers
in clinical settings.
Xanthine Derivatives as Agents Affecting Non-dopaminergic Neuroprotection in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Kasabova-Angelova Alexandra , Tzankova Diana , Mitkov Javor , Georgieva Maya , Tzankova Virginia , Zlatkov Alexander , Kondeva-Burdina Magdalena
Published: August 2018

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative and debilitating disease that affects
1% of the elderly population. Patient’s motor disability results in extreme difficulty to
deal with daily activities. Conventional treatment is limited to dopamine replacement therapy,
which fails to delay disease’s progression and is often associated with a number of adverse
reactions. Recent progress in understanding the mechanisms involved in PD has revealed new
molecular targets for therapeutic approaches. Among them, caffeine and xanthine derivatives
are promising drug candidates, because of the possible symptomatic benefits in PD. In fact,
consumption of coffee correlates with a reduced risk of PD. Over the last decades, a lot of efforts
have been made to uncover the therapeutic potential of xanthine structures. The substituted
xanthine molecule is used as a scaffold for the synthesis of new compounds with protective
effects in neurodegenerative diseases, including PD, asthma, cancer and others. The administration
of the xanthines has been proposed as a non-dopaminergic strategy for neuroprotection
in PD and the mechanisms of protection have been associated with antagonism of
adenosine A2A receptors and Monoamine Oxidase type B (MAO-B) inhibition. The current
review summarizes frequently suspected non-dopaminergic neuroprotective mechanisms and
the possible beneficial effects of the xanthine derivatives in PD, along with some synthetic
approaches to produce perspective xanthine derivatives as non-dopaminergic agents in PD
treatment.
The Impact of Carboxylesterases in Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics
Authors: Di Li
Published: August 2018

Background:

Carboxylesterases (CES) play a critical role in catalyzing hydrolysis of esters, amides, carbamates and thioesters, as well as bioconverting prodrugs and soft drugs. The unique tissue distribution of CES enzymes provides great opportunities to design prodrugs or soft drugs for tissue targeting. Marked species differences in CES tissue distribution and catalytic activity are particularly challenging in human translation.

Methods:

Review and summarization of CES fundamentals and applications in drug discovery and development.

Results:

Human CES1 is one of the most highly expressed drug metabolizing enzymes in the liver, while human intestine only expresses CES2. CES enzymes have moderate to high inter-individual variability and exhibit low to no expression in the fetus, but increase substantially during the first few months of life. The CES genes are highly polymorphic and some CES genetic variants show significant influence on metabolism and clinical outcome of certain drugs. Monkeys appear to be more predictive of human pharmacokinetics for CES substrates than other species. Low risk of clinical drug-drug interaction is anticipated for CES, although they should not be overlooked, particularly interaction with alcohols. CES enzymes are moderately inducible through a number of transcription factors and can be repressed by inflammatory cytokines.

Conclusion:

Although significant advances have been made in our understanding of CESs, in vitro - in vivo extrapolation of clearance is still in its infancy and further exploration is needed. In vitro and in vivo tools are continuously being developed to characterize CES substrates and inhibitors.
Alternative Routes to the Click Method for the Synthesis of 1,2,3-Triazoles, an Important Heterocycle in Medicinal Chemistry
Authors: da S.M. Forezi Luana , Cardoso Mariana F.C. , Gonzaga Daniel T.G. , de C. da Silva Fernando , Ferreira Vitor F.
Published: August 2018

Heterocyclic rings having nitrogen atoms are the molecular fragments most used in drug design
by using the tools of medicinal chemistry. The 1,2,4-triazole rings are part of an extensive family of
drugs that are in use in the pharmaceutical market. More recently, 1,2,3-triazole rings have begun to
arouse the great interest of scientists and therefore, many researches have been developed seeking the
synthesis of new substances and their possible biological activities. A number of articles have been published
by us and others highlighting the synthetic and biological aspects of 1,2,3-triazoles. The growth of
new substances of this class was largely due to the simple and selective synthetic method of 1,2,3-
triazole ring developed by Sharpless et al. However, some 1,2,3-triazole cannot be synthesized by this
method. This review focuses on other synthetic methods that give access to other variations around the
1,2,3-triazole core. The systematic arrangement in this review explores the possibility of providing practical
guidance to alternatives of this heterocycle. It has been divided into sections according to the types
of starting materials and reactions.
1,4-Dithiane-2,5-diol: A Versatile Synthon for the Synthesis of Sulfur-containing Heterocycles
Authors: Luna Isadora Silva , da Cruz Rayssa Marques Duarte , da Cruz Ryldene Marques Duarte , de Araújo Rodrigo Santos Aquino , Mendonça-Junior Francisco Jaime Bezerra
Published: August 2018

Background:

1,4-Dithiane-2,5-diol (1,4-DTD) is the stable dimer of α-mercapto acetaldehyde. This
commercially available ambidentade compound is characterized as having in its chemical structure one group
that acts as an electrophile and another that acts as a nucleophile, this permits its use as versatile and efficient
synthon in synthetic heterocycle procedures.

Objective:

The aim of this review is to present synthetic applications of 1,4-DTD in heterocyclic chemistry and
their applicability to the synthesis of bioactive compounds.

Conclusion:

Gewald reactions to obtain C-4 and C-5 unsubstituted 2-amino-thiophene derivatives; sulfa-
Michael/Henry and sulfa-Michael/aldol sequences to obtain polysubstituted tetrahydrothiophenes, and other
heterocyclic reactions that allow synthesizing several functionalized sulfur-containing heterocycles such as thiazolidines,
oxathiazinoles and thiazoles are presented and discussed. The use of such heterocyclics in subsequent
reactions allows obtaining various bioactive compounds including the antiretroviral lamivudine which is
one of the examples presented in this review.
Characterization of Neem (Azadirachita indica) Gum Exudates Using Analytical Tools and Pharmaceutical Approaches
Authors: Malviya Rishabha , Sharma Pramod K. , Dubey Susheel K.
Published: August 2018

Background:

Polysaccharide has been used as excipient in pharmaceutical and biomedical
sciences.

Objective:

Objective of present research was to characterize crude Neem Gum Polysaccharide (NGP)
for their possible applications in food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industry.

Methods:

Purified NGP was characterized in terms of phytochemical screening, organoleptic properties,
solubility, micromeritic properties, TLC analysis, ash value, microbial load, molecular confirmation,
molecular weight, swelling behaviour, foaming ability, surface morphology, IR spectral analysis,
1H NMR and mass spectra analysis. Suspending properties of NGP was also evaluated using paracetamol
as model drug.

Results:

TLC analysis of NGP shows the presence of polar components in native polysaccharide.
Results showed that NGP exhibit pseudoplastic flow with 19.22 x103 kJ kg-1 activation energy and
0.013 Reynold’s number. Thermodynamic parameters i.e. change in enthalpy ΔHv and change in entropy
ΔSv was found to be 301.97 KJ/mol and 53.64 JK-1mol-1 respectively. Viscosity average molecular
weight of NGP polysaccharide was found to be 94750 D. Foam capacity and foam stability of 1
%w/v solution of NGP was found to be 41 % and 64 % respectively. Mathematical approach also determined
coiled conformation of NGP solution. Mass spectra of NGP shows characteristics fragmentation
pattern with initial cleavage of glycosidic bond. 1H NMR spectra reveal the presence of 1 alpha –
O-C- Methyl Hydrogen (CH3) and tetrahydropyran hydrogen.

Conclusion:

From the findings of the research it can be concluded that NGP can be used as excipient
in cosmaceuticals and pharmaceuticals and attract rheologist for its characteristics rheological behavior.
The Protective Effects of Graphene Oxide Against the Stress from Organic Solvent by Covering Hela Cells
Authors: Gao Haidi , Liu Jia-Hui , Anchustegui Victoria Arantza León , Chang Yulin , Zhang Jichuan , Dong Yiyang
Published: August 2018

Background: In recent years, new nanomaterials have received great attention due to their widespread use in agriculture, food safety and pharmacy. Among them, graphene and graphene oxide (GO) are emerging as promising nanomaterials, which may have far-reaching effects on pharmacy and health.  Objective: In this paper, the living Hela cells were covered by GO (Hela@GO) and the cell viability, reactive oxygen species, membrane integrity and apoptosis of them were compared with the control Hela cells, especially under the stress from four kinds of organic solvent, including dimethyl sulphoxide, ethanol, acetone, and glycerin.  Results: It was suggested that the GO may protect cells by covering the cells, keeping their membrane integrity, reducing the ROS and decreasing the apoptosis.  Conclusion: GO has attracted the tremendous attention of their bioapplications. In this research, the GO adhered to Hela cells. It was observed that the Hela@GO grew well. Besides, it was suggested that the GO would play a protective role to Hela cells against four organic solvents, by maintaining the cell membrane integrity, reducing ROS, and inhibiting the apoptosis.
Antitumor Potential of Marine Natural Products: A Mechanistic Investigation
Authors: Hu Liping , Ying Jie , Zhang Miaomiao , Qiu Xiaoyan , Lu Yu
Published: August 2018

Background:

Compounds obtained from natural resources have become important candidates in the
discovery and development of drugs. Over the past few decades, marine resources have gradually attracted a
large amount of attention from researchers, and many compounds with varying structures and activities have
been derived from various marine resources. Since the ocean experiences more variable temperatures, lower
oxygen levels and less light than the terrestrial environment, marine resources offer a substantial number of
organisms that are not available or rarely detected on land.

Description: Researchers expect that they can discover agents from marine organisms that exhibit good activity
for diseases. Of the marine compounds acquired, the majority have shown to have good antitumor activity, and
range in phases from clinical trials up to being used in the clinic. These natural products operate through different
pathways and have unique antitumor effects that include inducing cell apoptosis, inhibiting cell proliferation
and influencing cell migration. A variety of drugs have been used for cancer treatment during the last few years,
but it has not been possible to greatly extend the survival time of advanced cancer patients. In addition, researchers
are actively looking for compounds to overcome problems that include a lack of effective drugs to
control the transfer of cancer cells and the development of drug-resistant microbes.

Conclusion:

Here, we summarize the marine natural products that have been obtained over the past few years,
and analyze their antitumor effects and mechanisms. Our research will provide a significant basis for anticancer
drug screening and development.