bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From spirits' control to market forces: Questioning the resilience of the current human-wild-captive elephant social-ecological system in Laos
Authors: Maurer Gilles , Gimenez Olivier , Mulot Baptiste , Lescureux Nicolas
Published: June 2020

1.Relationships between humans and Asian elephants have lasted for millenia, based on close interlinks between wild elephants, captive elephants, and the latter’s human masters. Since the beginning of the 19th century, elephants have been used mainly in agroforestry as draught animals. Interrelations between wild and captive populations persist in few countries, notably through the reproduction of captive females with wild males. 2.The ongoing and rapid political, socio-economic and environmental changes occurring in Laos for the last few decades have strongly affected the conditions of this cohabitation. We conducted an ethnological survey to assess how the socio-ecological system has evolved in Laos and its consequences for interactions between humans, wild, and captive elephants, elephant handling practices and human relationships with the species. 3.We show that in the 1990s this socio-ecological system was based on the principles of common access to natural resources and social control over nature and spirits, and led to a form of elephant handling with close interactions between captive and wild elephants. Husbandry practices then could be likened to pastoralism as a mode of production associated with a mode of relation close to seasonal freedom. 4.Since the turn of the present century, the commodification of nature and of increasingly divided access to natural resources led eventually to the segregation of wild elephants and the intensification of the workload of their captive congeners. Elephant owners switched from an economy based on natural increase of their animal capital to a ranching-like economy, based on the accumulation of monetary capital from the employment of elephants in logging or tourism. Agricultural intensification and restricted access to forest protected areas have led to the disappearance of foraging lands. Elephants being tethered most of their time, this new mode of handling is associated with captivity, where reproduction and feeding are under exclusive human control.5.The transition from a system based on multifunctional diversity to a system based on functional specialization at ecological and socio-economic levels may compromise the resilience of the socio-ecological system.
Las pruebas estandarizadas como forma de medición del nivel de inglés en la educación Colombiana
Authors: Benavides Jorge
Published: June 2020

This article discusses the importance of standardized testing as a means of assessing learning and determining the level of knowledge and use of foreign languages like English. It is very well known that since the second half of the twentieth century efforts were made in order to come up with valid and reliable measuring instruments for linguistic and communicative competence of a person in foreign languages. This began in the area of field research and ongoing reviewing processes to ensure the quality of testing procedures. Today, in a globalized world with many possibilities for mobility of students, teachers, and researchers standardized tests have been popularized and institutionalized in different countries. Colombia has not been the exception and starting from the beginning of this century the Ministry of Education has implemented the standard promoted by the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages which enables standardized measuring levels of English as a foreign language in students, teachers and professionals in general.
Relationship quality among younger and middle-aged siblings: the role of childhood family arrangements
Authors: Tanskanen Antti O , Danielsbacka Mirkka , Rotkirch Anna
Published: June 2020

Sibling relationships are the social bonds with longest duration across the life course. Using a large and population-based data of younger and middle-aged Finns, we test how childhood co-residence duration and maternal perinatal association (MPA) correlate with contact frequency, emotional closeness and provision of help between adult siblings. Employing sibling fixed-effect models we find that duration of co-residence in childhood and MPA are indeed associated with increased relationship quality in all three measures. Provided MPA, sibling relationship quality is high independent of co-residence length, but in the absence of MPA, increased co-residence duration is associated with better relationship quality. Co-residence duration is more strongly associated with provision of help in same-gender than opposite-gender sibling dyads. Full siblings report better relationship quality than half siblings do, although the co-residence duration mediates the effect of genetic relatedness in emotional closeness between full and maternal half siblings and in provision of help between full and paternal half siblings. Moreover, MPA serves as a mediator in the case of contact frequency and emotional closeness between full and maternal half siblings. These findings are discussed with reference to key theories of kin detection.
Measuring Digital Development with Online Data: Digital Economies in Eastern Europe and Central Asia
Authors: Braesemann Fabian , Stephany Fabian
Published: June 2020

The Internet, like railways and roads in the past, is paving innovation and alters the way in which citizens, consumers, businesses, and governments function and interact with each other. This digital revolution is empowering societies. It opens new, effective, and scalable services for governments and the private sector. It provides us with a more adaptive, data-driven approach to decision making in many aspects of our life. The digitalisation is particularly relevant for developing countries, as they can seize the opportunity for leapfrogging in order to become part of the global digitalised economy. With the example of Eastern Europe and Central Asia, this work illustrates how openly available online data can be used to identify, monitor, and visualise trends in digital economic development. Our interactive online dashboard allows researchers, policy-makers, and the public to explore four aspects of digital development: E-services, online labour markets, online knowledge creation and access to online knowledge.
Asymmetrical Perceptions of Partisan Political Bots
Authors: Yan Harry , Yang Kai-Cheng , Menczer Filippo , Shanahan James
Published: June 2020

Political bots are social media algorithms that impersonate political actors and interact with other users, aiming to influence public opinion. This study examines perceptions of bots with partisan personas by conducting an online experiment (N = 656) that examines the ability to differentiate bots from humans on Twitter. We explore how characteristics of the experiment participants and the profiles being evaluated bias recognition accuracy. Our analysis reveals asymmetrical partisan-motivated reasoning, in that conservative profiles appear to be more confusing and Republican participants perform less well in the recognition task. Moreover, Republican users are more likely to confuse conservative bots with humans, whereas Democratic users are more likely to confuse conservative human users with bots. We discuss implications for how partisan identities affect motivated reasoning and how political bots exacerbate political polarization.
Reduce reuse … and don’t recycle! On text reuse in academic articles
Authors: Dolnicar Sara
Published: June 2020

This viewpoint discusses how text duplication is determined by publishers and provides practical recommendations for authors on how they can avoid text duplication in their manuscripts.
Book Review: The Birth of Economic Rhetoric: communication, arts and economic stimulus in David Hume and Adam Smith. By Estrella Trincado
Authors: Paganelli Maria Pia
Published: June 2020

Book Review: The Birth of Economic Rhetoric: communication, arts and economic stimulus in David Hume and Adam Smith. By Estrella Trincado
HUBUNGAN ANTARA PENGHARGAAN DIRI DAN KEMAMPUAN MENULIS OLEH SISWA TAHUN PERTAMA DI SMAN 1 PEKANBARU
Authors: Asri Rizka Desia , Jismulatif Jismulatif
Published: June 2020

The objective of this research is to determine the correlation between self-esteem and writing ability of the first year students of SMAN 1 Pekanbaru. This is a correlational research that hastwo variables. The sample of this research is one class consisted of 36 students. The class was chosen by using Cluster Random Sampling Technique. Self-esteem questionnaire and writing test were used to collect the data. The self-esteem data were collected by using a set of questionnaire FLSES (Foreign Language Self-Esteem Scale) designed by Hassan (2001). The data of writing ability were taken by administaring test of writing. The collected data were analyzed by using Pearson Product Moment Correlation. The result shows that there is low correlation between students’ self-esteem and writing ability with the correlation value 0.312, while the coefficient correlation is as big as 9.7 %. The self-esteem of the students is categorized in “average” level and the writing ability is categorized in “good” level. It indicates that the students’ self-esteem influences their writing ability. Based on the finding, probably it would be better for the students to pay attantion on personality aspect, such as self-esteem in learning process of writing.
PENERAPAN MODEL KOOPERATIF TIPE STAD UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PEMBELAJARAN PKN SISWA KELAS VI SDN 018 KUOK
Authors: Darnayus Darnayus
Published: June 2020

The aim of this classroom action research was to improve the student’s ability in PKN. The sample respondents were 17 students of SDN 018 Kuok. Before the treatment was conducted, the sample was given pre-test and after the treatment, post-test was also held. The results showed that the application of the STAD type cooperative learning model with cycle 1 of the disciplinary aspects of student learning activity 73.45; learning readiness 72,75; courage 74,10; responsibility aspects 85.75; learning readiness 84.44; courage 86.41; responsibility 83.05 and understanding of tasks 85.19 while the behavior of group work activities cooperation aspects 69.44; solve problems 66.66; confidence 63.89 and the work of the group 86.11, the second cycle increased cooperation 86.11; solve problems 86.11; self-confidence 83.33 and group work results 97.22 while the learning outcomes of the first cycle of 52.94% experienced an increase of 94.12% and the average class 72.33 increased in cycle 2 to 84.47. So, the application of the STAD type cooperative learning model can improve the behavior of student learning activities and the behavior of group work activities at each meeting so that student learning outcomes also increase.
PENGAMATAN CAHAYA MATAHARI UNTUK MENENTUKAN JARI-JARI BUMI: SUBUAH EKSPERIMEN PADA MATAKULIAH FISIKA KEBUMIAN LANJUT
Authors: Islami Nur
Published: June 2020

In Advanced Earth Physics courses, one of the topics discussed is the characteristics of the earth. One of the topic deals with how to measure the radius of the earth. The purpose of this study is to provide an experiment for students so they can understand how to measure the radius of the earth. A simple but accurate method for measuring the radius of the Earth using a video camera is explained in this study. A demonstration is given to students. Then students were requaired to make their own observations and calculate the radius of the earth obtained from each experiment. The results of student experiments show that the radius of the earth is 6243.94 km with a standard deviation of 14.70 km. The average results of these 35 students are within 1.9% of the average value of the earth's radius which is currently accepted at 6371 km. This experiment is very useful in giving students a good understanding so they understand how to determine the radius of the earth.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN STRATEGI GALLERY WALK TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN MEMBACA SISWA KELAS DUA DI SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 1 PEKANBARU
Authors: Jannati Nabila , Jismulatif Jismulatif
Published: June 2020

The research was aimed to find out the effect of gallery walk strategy toward reading comprehension of the second year students of SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Pekanbaru. The design of this research was quasi-experimental research with an experimental group and control group pre-test and post-test. These two groups were selected to be a sample by using cluster random sampling. The data were analyzed by using t-test formula. It was found that t-test score was 2.351 while the t-table was 2.001. Since t-test score was higher than t-table, it can be concluded that alternative hypothesis was accepted. It means that there is a significant effect of gallery walk strategy on reading comprehension of the second year students of SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Pekanbaru.
PROFIL KETERAMPILAN KONSELING TEMAN SEBAYA (PEER COUNSELING) ANGGOTA PUSAT INFORMASI KONSELING REMAJA (PIK R) MELALUI JALUR PENDIDIKAN DI KOTA DEPOK
Authors: Fitriani Nur Asri , Fridani Lara , Sutisna Anan
Published: June 2020

This study aims to determine the peer-counselling skills profile who are the members of PIK R (Youth Counselling Information Center), Educational Pathways in Depok. This research used a quantitative approach with a survey method. The samples were selected by using non-probability sampling, saturation sampling technique applied. The sample of the research is all the members of PIK R Educational Pathways in Depok. The respondents are from public junior high school of SMP Negeri 1 (13 students), public junior high school of SMP Negeri 2 (12 students), public junior high school of SMP Negeri 5 (17 students), public vocational school of SMK Negeri 1 (37 students and public senior high school of SMA Negeri 1 (26 students). The instrument used was the Counselor Competencies Scale – Revised consisting of 12 assessment indicators, in which each indicator has 5 statements. Categorization in this study uses a Likert scale with 5 answer choices. The results of the study showed as follows: overall categorization value that the counseling skills of PIK R members exceeding expectations by 25%, meeting expectations by 37%, approaching expectations by 30%, below expectations by 6%, and endangering by 1%. The highest categorization results regarding the peer-counseling skills profile of PIK R members have met expectations of 37%. Therefore, it indicates that the peer counselors of PIK Depok members have knowledge, skills, consistent traits, and they are proficient in counseling skills. The result met the objectives of the Generation Planning Program (GenRe) training activities for peer educators and PIK R peer counselors, namely to improve the knowledge, attitudes and behavior of peer educators and counselors in the GenRe program in managing and developing Indonesian youth PIK, particularly in Depok.
MODEL OF HISTORY TEACHING BASED ON THE USE OF PRIMARY HISTORICAL SOURCES
Authors: Abidin Nur Fatah
Published: June 2020

Analyzing primary historical sources become the biggest challenge for students in history class. This research aims to develop EAR learning instruction based on the elaboration of historical thinking and three cognitive processes of knowledge construction. The Elaboration Theory was adopted to calibrate those concepts into systematic learning instruction for analyzing the primary source in history class. The elaboration generates EAR learning instruction consisted of three stages namely Engagement, Anatomization, and Reconstruction. These stages represent systematic steps to sourcing, analyzing, and reconstructing historical narrative based on the analysis of the primary source. EAR learning instruction can provide implementable steps to examine primary historical sources in history class and support the improvement of students’ historical thinking by giving a simple path to analyze the primary historical sources. EAR is expected diminishing students’ barriers in facing complexity in analyzing the primary source in history class.
PENGGUNAAN MODEL GI (GROUP INVESTIGATION) PADA PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN KEWARGANEGARAAN DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Putera Rafhi Febryan , Qalbi Zahratul
Published: June 2020

This research is motivated by the initial reflection of researchers who conduct observation of teaching and learning activities in Paninjauan Elementary Schools elementary schools, that the civic education learning was dominated by the teacher using conventional learning method in learning low when the daily test exam and the final exam semeseter. The purpose of this study is to describe how learning planning, learning implementation, and learning outcomes. The approach used in this research is a qualitative approach and a quantitative approach with four stages, namely learning planning, learning implementation, learning observation, and learning reflection. The subjects used in this study were grade IV students of SDN 11 Paninjau Agam Regency. From the data analysis, it was found that the Group Investigation (GI) type of cooperative learning model was proven to improve student learning outcomes. This can be seen from the percentage of completeness learning Cycle I of 58.6 and in the second cycle increased to 72.25.
PEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH DALAM PERSPEKTIF PEDAGOGI KRITIS
Authors: Pernantah Piki Setri
Published: June 2020

This article is a theoretical study using the method of literacy study. It aims to discuss and study historical learning in a new perspective. Learning of history should be oriented to provide historical knowledge and introduce the noble values of the nation. Because, those two things will not have meaning for the lives of students if they do not understand the meaning of every historical event that they have learned. Efforts to realize meaningful historical learning, related to students' actions for reflective thinking. One thing that cannot be separated from the study of critical pedagogy is reflective thinking. Applying critical pedagogy in learning history, which means emphasizing critical theory as an analytical tool for reading various historical realities in learning. It is expected that students will be able to interact with each other and study various historical realities so that they can reflect on themselves and think critically about these realities. Discussing the learning of history in the concept of critical pedagogy is a new approach that seeks to help students in the process of historical learning. So that they can question and criticize every material in historical learning so that it gives birth to critical-reflective thinking that makes students able to learn and interpret every historical fact and historical learning material in school.
EKSPLORASI PENGALAMAN MAHASISWA BAHASA INGGRIS SELAMA PROGRAM PPL: HARAPAN, TANTANGAN, DAN PELAJARAN
Authors: Afrianto Afrianto , Dahnilsyah Dahnilsyah , Supriusman Supriusman
Published: June 2020

This study aims to find out how these students teachers define the concept of'professional teacher' before PPL, what are their expectations before attending the PPL, whatobstacles they encounter during the PPL, and what lessons they get during the PPL program.This qualitative study involved ten students of English Language Education as participants.They were selected through purposeful random sampling technique. Data were collectedthrough semi-structured interviews, a focused group discussion, and document analysis. Thecollected data is analyzed inductively with the help of the NVivo application. The results of thestudy showed that participants had an initial concept of professional English teachers beforethey embarked on their PPL program. Their concepts are in line with the professional teacherframework as stated in Law No. 14/2005 concerning teachers and lecturers. At the same time,all participants had high expectations for the PPL program in relation to their desire to becomeprofessional teachers. Participants also reported some of the obstacles or challenges they faced during the PPL, such as the difficulty of undergoing the teaching process and feeling too muchburden from non-teaching activities during PPL. However, at the end of the PPL, all of themclaimed to be quite satisfied with the process they had gone through. They claim to have learneda lot from PPL, among them, they have increasingly understood the complexity of the tasks andresponsibilities of a teacher.
PENERAPAN PROJECT WORK PADA MATA KULIAH KAIWA MAHASISWA BAHASA JEPANG FKIP UNRI
Authors: Budiani Dini , Basri Merri Silvia
Published: June 2020

This study aims to improve communication skills, in learning conversation(kaiwa) in Japanese language student of teacher training and education faculty Riau University.Many conversation exercises are only focused on practising sentence pattern and memorizing ofconversation examples contained in the textbook. Thus learning pattern causes learners not to beable to express what they want to convey in the real scope of communication in Japaneselanguage. This study tries to overcome the problem by implementing project work inconversation lectures. The purpose of this study is to see the involvement of learners in thelectures using project work and find out their opinions about the method. The data of this studywere 44 students of Japanese Language Education Study Program of Teacher Training andEducation Faculty Riau University. From the result of the study, it was seen that during theproject work implementation the learners were actively involved in learning even though theyexperience language barrier when communicating. From the result of the questionnaire thatasked about learners’ opinion, it was found that almost all learners had a positive impression ofthe project work on the Kaiwa 4 subject.
ANALISIS POLA PIKIR DAN PERILAKU LINGKUNGAN MAHASISWA PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN FISIKA FKIP UNRI TERHADAP LINGKUNGAN HIDUP DI KAMPUS FKIP UNRI
Authors: Syafii Muhammad
Published: June 2020

This study aims to: (i) to determine the extent of mindset and environmentalbehavior students Physics Education Study Program FKIP towards the environment in the RiauUniversity Teaching and Education Faculty (FKIP); (ii) to test / analyze whether there is arelationship between gender, mindset and environmental care behavior Physics Educationstudents at the FKIP UNRI Campus. From the results of the study, it was found that the mindsetand behavior Physics Education students towards environmental concerns in FKIP UNRICampus, as follows: (i) the majority of respondents or 50-58% of respondents had a good scoreabout environmental mindset; (ii) there are 53% -65% of respondents aware that respondents arewrong in maintaining the quality of the environment (iii) environmental awareness is still low,as evidenced by the respondents' answers, where the answer is rarely involved (JT) is the most common answer, as evidenced by the number of scores (40-53%). From the results of testing therelationship between sex variables, with the mindset and behavior of students of physicaleducation study program FKIP Unri towards the environment at the Unri FKIP campus, it wasconcluded that: (i) Gender is not related to mindset and behavior about the environment, sex isnot also related with concern for the quality of the FKIP Unri Campus environment; (ii) mindsetrelated to the behavior of students of the Faculty Physical Education FKIP Unri , the mindset isalso related to concern for maintaining environmental quality.
PENGARUH HERITAGE NARRATIVE TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN MEMBACA SISWA KELAS VIII SMP TELEKOMUNIKASI PEKANBARU
Authors: Fadila Husnul , Jismulatif Jismulatif
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT: This quasi-experimental research aimed to find out whether there is an effect of heritage narrative on reading comprehension of second year students of SMP Telekomunikasi Pekanbaru. This research was a nonequivalent (pretest and posttest) control-group design. In this design, there two groups as the participant (experimental and control group). Heritage narrative was applied in teaching the experimental group while the control group was taught by using narrative from other culture. The population of this research was all students of second year students in academic year of 2017/2018. The total number of population was 71. The sample is chosen by using cluster random sampling. In analyzing data, the writer used the quantitative approach. The results of the data analysis showed that the mean scores of pre-test were 44.86 (experimental group) and 43.47 (control group). The mean score of students after the treatment was higher than pre-test. Moreover, from the statistical analysis, it was found out the t-test (4.75) was higher than t-table (2.01) at the significance level 5%. It can be concluded that there was effect of heritage narrative on students ’reading comprehension.
PENERAPAN PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM SOLVING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR FISIKA SISWA KELAS XI IPA.2 SMAN 6 PEKANBARU
Authors: Br Hotang Lasma
Published: June 2020

This research aimed to improve the ability of the phisic subject XI IPA2 SMAN 6 Pekanbaru students. Students were not encouraged to develop critical thinking skills where the results obtained are only 8 out of 32 (24%) students who complete while the other 25 (76%) students have not yet reached KKM (Minimum Completeness Criteria). The research method used was the Classrom Action Research (CAR) which consist of 2 cycles. Before the treatment was performed, the students were given a pre-test, and after the treatment a post-test was administered. The research findings The average daily test scores were 68.33 enough categories and in the second cycle the number of students whose grades were complete were 30 people (91%) with "Good" criteria and the number of unfinished students was 3 (9%). The average daily test for all completed students was 83.33 with the highest score of 95, and the average daily test for the unfinished 63.33 with the lowest score of 55. The overall daily test score was 81.51 in the good category. Then it can be concluded that the application of problem solving learning models can improve learning outcomes of physics for students in class XI IPA 2 of SMAN 6 Pekanbaru.
PENGGUNAAN LEMBAR KERJA SISWA (LKS) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR BIOLOGI SISWA KELAS XI SMAN 8 PEKANBARU
Authors: Asnitawati Asnitawati
Published: June 2020

Biology learning results of students in class XI have not shown optimal on material that discusses the physiological functions of human organs. From the observations obtained data that the teacher learning process using Student Worksheets prepared by the Subject Teachers' Consultation (MGMP), has not used the scientific approach. This has triggered the writer to conduct classroom action research aimed to improve students biology learning results in class XI by using worksheets based on Student Centered Learning are arranged in such a way as to meet the learning approach of science using step 5 M. This class action research procedure used two cycles, at the end of each cycle the students' daily tests are performed to see the increase in learning results that occur. After the cycle I action, the average student learning results were 71.47, and it increased in cycle II to 76.31, so it can be concluded that the use of Student Worksheets Based on Student Centered Learning can improve the biology learning results of the second year students of SMA Negeri 8 Pekanbaru.
PENGGUNAAN ALAT PERAGA SUMPIT UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA KELAS XII MIPA 2 SMAN 1 PANGKALAN KERINCI
Authors: Risnita Risnita
Published: June 2020

This research starts from the low results of learning mathematics students. This can be seen in the daily test of students who are below the Minimum Completion Criteria (KKM). One reason is a low understanding of mathematical concepts. Low understanding of concepts is due to the fact that mathematics is still abstracted by students. Abstract mathematical concepts for students will be easily understood when learning using teaching aids. Learning carried out is direct learning using chopstick props. This study aims to determine the improvement in learning outcomes of students of class XII MIPA 2 SMAN 1 Pangkalan Kerinci and carried out in two cycles consisting of planning, action, observation and reflection. The research data collected is data on learning outcomes and field notes. The collected data was analyzed descriptively. The results of this study indicate that the application of direct learning models using chopstick props can improve learning outcomes. Increased learning outcomes for KD 3.1 amounted to 22.58% or reached 96.77% of students who were above the KKM. While for KD 4.1 the increase from cycle I to cycle II is 22.58% or reaches 93.55% of students are above the KKM.
Persepsi Masyarakat Terhadap Pernikahan Dini Di Kecamatan Muara Padang Kabupaten Banyuasin
Authors: Damayanti Nina , Mardiyanti Nurul
Published: June 2020

Pernikahan usia dini merupakan pernikahan yang dilakukan pada usia di bawah 18 tahun, Pernikahan yang tidak memiliki kesiapan fisik, mental dan materi akan menimbulkan banyak masalah terhadap rumahtangga yang menikah dini tesebut. Permasalahan pernikahan usia dini dan dampaknya banyak ditemukan di daerah Kecamatan Muara Padang Kabupaten Banyuasin, hal inilah yang membuat peneliti tertarik untuk melakukan penelitian di Kecamatan Muara Padang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan oleh peneliti yaitu metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui  persepsi masyarakat terhadap pernikahan usia dini. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan untuk teknik pengambilan sampel mengunakan teknik Purposive Sampling maka didapat Informan kepala desa, petugas pencatat nikah, kepala Kantor Urusan Agama Kecamatan Muara Padang, dan responden yang menjadi pelaku pernikahan dini beserta orang tua pelaku yang melakukan pernikahan. Analisis data dilakukan dengan mempersiapkan dan mengolah data untuk dianalisis, membaca keseluruhan data, menganalisis lebih detail dengan meng-coding data, deskripsi dan tema-tema disajikan dalam laporan kualitatif, menginterpretasi atau memaknai data. Hasil penelitian yang didapatkan mengenai persepsi masyarakat terhadap pernikahan dini yang ada di Kecamatan Muara Padang Kabupaten Banyuasin menyatakan bahwa mayoritas masyarakat kurang setuju jika suatu pernikahan dilakukan di usia dini. Namun demikian hal tersebut masih saja terjadi karena kurangnya pendidikan, kesulitan ekonomi dan sebagian dikarenakan tradisi yang ada dilingkungan masyarakat tersebut.
Peran Ketua Rukun Warga Sebagai Servant Leader dan Masyarakat untuk Keberhasilan Mendapatkan Proyek Pembangunan Infrastruktur
Authors: Purwatmini Nining , Sholahuddin Sholahuddin , Sapto Yudiarso Hari
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat peran Ketua Rukun Warga (Ketua RW) dan partisipasi masyarakat terhadap keberhasilan mendapatkan usulan dana proyek pembangunan yang berbasis pada kebutuhan nyata masyarakat. Karena, pada era reformasi telah terjadi perubahan model pengajuan usulan proyek pembangunan. Jika sebelumnya pembangunan proyek menerapkan pola dari atas ke bawah (dana dikucurkan oleh Pemerintah Kota), maka saat ini pola pengajuan usulan pembangunan proyek dari bawah ke atas. Data penelitian ini didapat dari angket yang diisi oleh 350 Kepala Keluarga, di lingkungan RW 09, Kelurahan Kranji, Kecamatan Bekasi Barat, Kota Bekasi.  Hasil 204 angket kembali diolah menggunakan metode analisis secara kuantitatif berupa regresi, pengolahan dengan bantuan SPSS ver. 24. Hasil uji statistik terhadap angket, menunjukkan bahwa keberhasilan mendapatkan dana proyek perbaikan sarana lingkungan sangat kuat di tentukan oleh gaya kepemimpinan “servant leader” yang diterapkan oleh Ketua RW 09 (menunjukkan koefisien korelasi sebesar 0.833), dibandingkan dengan “partisipasi masyarakat” (koefisien korelasi sebesar 0.635). Dalam hal ini, nampak bahwa perubahan model pengajuan dana pembangunan fasilitas, di Kota Bekasi, dipengaruhi oleh penerapan kepemimpinan servant leadership dan partisipasi masyarakat.
‘Sontoloyo' and 'Genderuwo'; Critical Discourse Analysis on Jokowi’s Utterance
Authors: Manan Nanan Abdul
Published: June 2020

This study discusses Joko Widodo’s utterance in several moments. Jokowi is the president of the Indonesian Republic. He would like to participate in the reelection of the presidential election in April 2019. Many statements of him make public perceptions appear different. In this case, there is two big points of research that can be famous dictions in this era. ‘sontoloyo’ and ‘genderuwo’ are two interesting dictions to discuss. As a popular person, Jokowi’s utterances occur as public discourses. Many perspectives are produced by many analysts in multidiscipline views. Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is used as a framework to analyze the utterances related to many perspectives of language. Fairclough model is a choice for analyzing in depth of the research. It states in three big points; text analysis (description), processing analysis (interpretation) andsocial analysis (explanation). The researcher uses a qualitative method. The data related with the sontoloyo and genderuwo utterance comes from news online the Jakarta Post. By using Fairclough theory, the researcher explains the text in the relationship with the situation of political moment, the speaker as government and candidate of the presidential election. The text gives many interpretation and relationship with the social condition.
Teacher’s Beliefs and Practice of Learner-Generated Material in a Flipped-Speaking Class
Authors: Aniq Lailatun Nurul , Annisa Khairani Dian , Kristina Diah
Published: June 2020

The practice of learner-centered approach (LCA) in enhancing foreign language teaching-learning process has been broadly recognized. Little research, however, have disclosed how this approach works and promotes learners’ improved abilities. While learner-generated material (LGM) is a principle of and one of the activities in learner-centered approach, it is currently under studied, thus little researchers discuss how it applies in EFL context. This qualitative case study investigated the teacher’s belief and classroom practice of learner-generated material in a flipped speaking class. The participant of the study was a teacher in a vocational high school. The instruments were participant observation, semi-structured interview, and documentation. The analysis showed that the teacher’s belief was mostly consistent with her classroom practices, i.e. beliefs about learning objectives, teaching modeling, and procedure of learner-generated material, teaching resources, classroom management, teacher’s role, students’ role, and assessment. Nevertheless, there were little discrepancies, e.g. teachers’ beliefs about classroom procedure. The present study recommends that teachers, especially those new to LGM, follow the present findings in order to recognize the aspects within LGM in the umbrella of LCA and understand how these methods practices. The implication of the study is this research will give a contribution in Indonesian ELT context by providing a new perspective of learner-centered approach through technology.
THE STUDY OF HUMORAL FACTORS OF ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY IN PATIENTS WITH NON-HODGKIN’S LYMPHOMAS
Authors: Tillyashaykhov M. N.  , Abdiganiyeva S. R.  , Abdurakhmonov D. A.  , Tuidzhanova H. Kh.  , Isroilova F. Kh.  , Alimova S. S.
Published: June 2020

It is known that humoral factors of immunity play an important function of mediators in the cascade development of the immune response and can determine the effectiveness of the final, effector reactions of cellular immunity in the inactivation and elimination of antigens. Serum concentrations of major immunoglobulins IgG, IgA, IgM in NHL were analyzed. The highest serum content of IgG and IgA was revealed in the groups of patients with virus carrier. It has been established that one of the most important humoral markers of immunity is the circulating immune complexes (CIC). It has been established that one of the most important biological functions of immunoglobulins is antigen binding and the formation of CIC. A high level of CIC in NHL may be due not only to the activation of the immune response, but also to the suppression of the mechanisms of their elimination. Therefore, based on the results obtained, with NHL there is a pronounced imbalance of humoral immunity. CIC of large and small sizes are also increased, however, the highest increase in CIC was observed in groups of patients before chemotherapy with virus-bearing. An increase in the main immunoglobulins indicates the presence of humoral imbalance, and an increase in the CIC indicates the presence of intoxication of the body either due to the decay of the tumor cells themselves and infected cells, which almost always indicates the progression of the pathological process.
ERICH FROMM’S "HUMANISTIC RADICALISM". HISTORICAL OCCURRENCE AND POLITICAL ACTIVITY
Authors: Habriielian A.
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this article was to study the creative heritage of Erich Fromm and the formation of «Humanistic Radicalism». The study was aimed at defining the historical context for the theoretical formation of «Humanistic Radicalism» within the framework of Fromm's «Social Psychoanalysis» and the practical implementation of this concept in the political activities of this personality. Four periods of the introduction of the ideas of «Humanistic Radicalism» by E. Fromm through his political activities were identified. It was found out that the humanistic orientation requires the continuation both in research activities of a person and in everyday socio-cultural life in general, while maintaining dialogical relations with the world.
Trial Use of Inquiry Methods in Learning to Write Arabic in Junior High School Santi Asromo Majalengka
Authors: Ardiansyah Ade Arip
Published: June 2020

Purpose - This study aims to test the ability of students when learning Arabic writing skills both after and before using survey methods.

Design/methodology/approach - Because it aims to test effectiveness, researchers use quantitative-experimental methods with one group pre-test and post-test design. While the research object used as a sample is 8th-grade students at Santi Asromo Majalengka Middle School.

Findings - The findings from the results of this study are, there are significant changes when learning to write using survey methods. With the details of t-count greater than t-table with an error level of 5% and the level of effectiveness is at the level of 53%.

Originality/value – The implication of the results of this experiment is that teaching in the post method era does not mean eliminating a method in teaching. Furthermore, what will become a reflection for further research is how to position the method in the e-learning era and apply a method in it.

Paper type – Research Paper
VARIASI MORFOMETRIK IKAN MUJAIR (Oreochromis mossambicus) PADA EKOSISTEM RAWA (LENTIK WATER) DI WILAYAH PRAFI, MASNI DAN SIDEY, KABUPATEN MANOKWARI
Authors: Prafiadi Sigit , Maturahmah Enik
Published: June 2020

This study aims to determine the pattern of breeding, adaptability to the environment and feeding processes in tilapia fish Oreochromis mossambicus through morphological data, morphological data obtained through morphometric measurements that can be used to formulate the extent of the threat to local species because tilapia is an invasive fish species with morphological data. Fairly high reproduction in freshwater waters. The location of this research is swamp waters in Manokwari Regency, namely Prafi, Masni and Sidey Regions. Morphometric measurements using 14 standards. Morphometric measurement results of male fish showed that the width of the tail fin (CFW) there was a significant difference in the width of the tail fin (CFL) between the tilapia fish in the Prafi swamp with the other two marshes, the width of the tilapia fish tail fins in the Masni and Sidey swamps did not differ significantly. In female fish measurements (DFL) showed that there were significant differences while the CFW measurements contained in the Prafi swamp were different from the other two marshes. The results of the morphometric measurements show how the morphological characteristics of tilapia fish will have an impact on local fish and the amount of natural food in the Swamp.
PERTUMBUHAN LAMUN HASIL TRANSPLANTASI Enhalus Acorides DI PADANG LAMUN TELUK AMAHAI
Authors: Talakua Calvin , Rumengan Yuliana
Published: June 2020

The condition of seagrass beds in Amahai Bay is relatively fertile, with a fairly high and wide density. Enhalus acoroides was chosen as a type of seagrass used for transplants in this study because Enhalus acoroides was quite abundant in the waters of Amahai Bay. Seed availability is one of the factors that need to be considered in the transplant business. There are several points in the waters of Amahai Bay where seagrass conditions do not grow evenly. Many fishermen who do fishing activities in the seagrass area inadvertently damage the ecosystem in the seagrass beds in that location. Under these conditions, it is important to do seagrass transplants so that the seagrass ecosystem is not increasingly damaged due to many human activities or natural factors. This experimental field research was carried out comparing the growth of transplanted seagrass Enhalus acoroides using the anchored sprig method. Determination of the location of the study carried out by the method of purposive random sampling. The research station in the waters of the village of Amahai at the substrate location of the muddy sand bottom with a depth of 0.85-1.5m. The station is divided into 3 observation points, with each location given 3 plots of 1x1m size with a transplant of 16 stands in each plot. The highest leaf growth rate for transplanted seagrass is at station 2, which is 3.76 mm.hr-1 on young leaves and 1.86 mm.day-1 for old leaves. And there is a difference in the speed of growth between the growth of natural seagrass and transplanted seagrass. The difference in transplantation stations has a very significant effect on the growth of seagrass leaves.
Identification of Aptamers that Specifically Bind to A1 Antigen by Performing Cell-on Human Erythrocytes
Authors: Hosseini Seyed Mohammad Hasan , Bassami Mohammad Reza , Haghparast Alireza , Sankian Mojtaba , Hashemi Tabar Gholamreza
Published: June 2020

Background: The apply of aptamers as a new generation’s way to probe diagnostic for the detection of target molecules has gained ground. Aptamers can be used as alternatives to diagnostic antibodies for detection of blood groups due to their unique features. This study was aimed to produce DNA diagnostic aptamer detecting the antigen of A1 blood group using the Cell-Selex method. Materials and Methods: DNA aptamer was isolated against A1 RBC antigen after ten stages of Cell-Selex and amplification by an asymmetric polymerase chain reaction. The progress of the stages of selection was evaluated using flow cytometry analysis, which the DNA aptamer isolated from the tenth cycle with an affinity of 70% fluorescent intensity, was selected from four positive colonies followed by determination of the sequences and secondary structures. Results: The aptameric sequence obtained from C4 cloning was calculated with the highest binding affinity to A1 antigen having an apparent dissociation constant (Kd value) of at least 29.5 ± 4.3 Pmol, which was introduced as the selected aptamer-based on ΔG obtained from a colony of C4 equal to –13.13. Conclusion: The aptamer obtained from using Cell-Selex method could be used as an example for the development of diagnostic tools such as biosensors for detecting A1 blood group antigens. [GMJ.2020;9:e1657]
DISTAL OCCLUSION AND DENTAL CROWDING: TREATMENT STRATEGY
Authors: Smagliuk L.V. , Dmytrenko M.I.
Published: June 2020

Dental anomalies are the leading ones among dental diseases in the period of mixed (79,96%) and permanent (84,33%) dentition. According to the results of our studies, frequency of distal occlusion (up to 40%) and dental crowding (up to 65%) are the largest in structure of orthodontic pathology.

The aim of the study is to analyze and summarize knowledge about ways of enhancement of treatment and prophylaxis efficiency in patients with distal occlusion and dental crowding.

Genetic predisposition, early childhood diseases (including upper respiratory tract infections), children's bad habits, pathological state of teeth (adentia, impaction, micro-, macrodentia), micro-, macrognathia, functional disorders of maxillofacial area contribute a high percentage in structure of "risk factors" which lead to formation of distal occlusion with dental crowding. For each particular patient distal occlusion, complicated by dental crowding, is formed under the influence of combination of several "risk factors", where the first place belongs to disturbances of dental area: breathing, closing of lips, swallowing, chewing, speech.

Today it is well known that the first step in correction of distal occlusion of dentitions is to evaluate the patient's potential growth. Treatment in the period of mixed dentition is important with relation to protection of palate from trauma by mandibular incisors with a large sagittal gap, prophylaxis of dysfunction of temporomandibular joint, psychological rehabilitation of children during speech formation, as well as to improve the prognosis of treatment in older age. The best period of treatment is a peak of growth and development. Growth is the most important factor in planning treatment of distal occlusion, since dramatic changes in correction are related to growth rather than teeth movement. Orthodontists forbear from recommendations for teeth extraction in growing patients, as they believe that it leads to worsening of face profile and does not allow to achieve optimal relationships of jaw and occlusion.

In adult patients, complete conservative correction of distal occlusion is possible only in the absence of skeletal disorders. Combined method, namely combination of orthodontic treatment and orthognathic surgery, is an alternative for adults treatment.

Adequate individual approach to orthodontic treatment in patients with distal occlusion complicated by dental crowding is based on a comprehensive clinical examination, scientific analysis and results interpretation of additional examination methods. Full functional occlusion is possible if all elements of dentition: occlusion, periodontal tissues, temporomandibular joints, muscles and nervous system, are considered. Stable results and positive prognosis are provided by normalization of physiological state of masticatory and mimic muscles.
Kocaeli Müzesi’nde Bulunan Bir Grup Fibula
Authors: BİLİR Ahmet
Published: June 2020

Bu çalışmanın konusunu Kocaeli Müzesi’nde bulunan bir grup fibula oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı, müzede korunan ve daha önce yayınlanmamış fibulaları tanıtmak dışında, konu ile ilgili ileride yapılacak bilimsel çalışmalara istatiksel veri de sağlamaktır. Bunun için bir katalog çalışması yapılmış olup kronolojik düzene göre sıralama yapılmıştır. Çalışma ile birlikte müze envanterine kayıtlı yedi adet fibula incelenmiştir. Bunların beş tanesinin Frig, bir tanesinin Levant kökenli olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Figürlü olması nedeniyle ünik olarak değerlendirdiğimiz bir başka fibulanın ise Roma İmparatorluk Dönemi’ne ait olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Ayrıca incelenen fibulaların en erken tarihli olanının M.Ö. 8. yüzyılın son çeyreğine, en geç tarihli olanının ise M.S. 4. yüzyıla ait olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Eserlerin tamamı bronzdan üretilmiş olmakla birlikte Roma İmparatorluk Dönemi’ne ait örneğin bronz üzerine altın kaplamalı olduğu anlaşılmıştır.