bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Demolition at Porto Rafti: Retracing Doxiadis’ Remarkable Life and Contested Legacy
Authors: Blackman Harrison Wert
Published: June 2023

Constantinos Doxiadis (1913–1975), the inventor of ekistics and founder of the eponymous journal, was one of the major architects and city planners of the twentieth century. In recent decades, however, his body of work has been largely ignored. In 2011, his monumental house at Porto Rafti was demolished, exposing the consequences of such obscurity. To date, no comprehensive narrative biography of Doxiadis exists in English, a void I seek to fill in my ongoing biography project of Doxiadis’ life and legacy, tentatively titled The World Planner. In this essay, I discuss the fate of the Porto Rafti house, sketch Doxiadis’ life story, explain the origins of my project, and solicit further collaboration from interested readers.
Is Ecumenopolis Materializing? The Role of Transportation and Communication Networks
Authors: Giannopoulos George
Published: June 2023

Of the many theories put forward for the future of urbanism and urbanization, the concepts of Eperopolis (the continent city) and Ecumenopolis (the universal city) that were put forward by the late architect planner Constantinos Doxiadis and his Ekistics theory in the 1950s and ‘60s, stand out as the most impressive and visionary. Panayis Psomopoulos, Doxiadis’ close associate and well-known architect planner of the Ekistics group, continued and developed further these concepts and publicized strongly through the Ekistics Journal which he managed as editor-in-chief until his passing away in 2017. This paper – conceived and written as a tribute to Panayis Psomopoulos - looks at the global trends of urbanization today and considers the role of transport and communication networks in its future development. It also tries to assess the degree to which the visions of Eperopolis and Ecumenopolis are materializing in the face of modern megacities and urban sprawl in all continents and how transport, communications and supply chain networks affect this process. Its findings support the view that Eperopolises are already materializing in some continents, most notably in Europe in the face of the central European urban cluster between Paris, London, Amsterdam and the Rhine/Ruhr area. Transport and communications networks provide “global connectivity” that acts both as the context (within which urban form develops) as well as the catalyst that plays a key role in limiting the further physical expansion of megacity clusters and braking the connection between urban development and space expansion. By providing efficient global “connectivity”, the future Transport and communication networks are seen as the main catalyst that will bring about materialization of the “universal city”, Ecumenopolis, through the virtual linking of all socio-economic activities in today’s mega-urban areas in all continents.
Doxiadis and His Legacy: Retrospective of the Lebanon Case - From Sketch to Stretch
Authors: Exacoustou Myrto (Petunia)
Published: June 2023

In 1957-8 Doxiadis Associates undertook the National Housing Project of Lebanon, a fast-track national development plan created in response to the imperative to house large parts of the population living in inadequate conditions. This national reconstruction plan is indicative of a heroic period of planning post-WWII. The legacy of CIAM - the Congrès internationaux d'architecture moderne (1928-1959) – had been the spawning of modern movements, including Doxiadis’ newly born theory of Ekistics, that envisioned national scale development while furthering US hegemony in the cold war era. The National Housing Project of Lebanon arose in this context, and Doxiadis’ approach would distinguish him from his contemporaries. Consisting of a “sketching” phase involving data collection using diaries featuring photographic depictions and 500 sketches from 2.500 human settlements in Lebanon, and a “stretching” phase resulting in proposals for immediate implementation, specifically, housing schemes at the periphery of Beirut, Doxiadis’ approach was distinctive for mixing different functions to enhance social encounter, for grounding future typologies in existing localities, and for prioritizing community-sensitive planning by insisting on the importance of human scale. Unfortunately, political changes after the plan’s submission in May 1958 lead to its eventual abandonment, and problems in the wider area still prevail. The persistence in the region of violent conflicts, population flows, and the destruction of cities that leave the poorest living in slums and camps suggests that the planning strategies proposed by Doxiadis and his contemporaries did not fail, but instead, reveal the complex nature of the planning process itself, including its susceptibility to political forces. As such, the National Housing Project of Lebanon and other unrealized initiatives offer a rich resource for understanding the problems of human settlements which remain with us today.
EVALUATION OF POST-OPERATIVE PAIN AFTER VENTRAL HERNIA REPAIR
Authors: AWAN Z , AWAN H , SAEED N
Published: June 2023

The prospective study was conducted in Nishtar Medical Hospital from January 2022 to January 2023 to assess short-term post-operative pain following laparoscopic and open ventral hernia repair. A total of 50 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in the study. Surgical options were explained to all participants, and the open or laparoscopic technique was performed based on the patient’s choice. Post-operative data were recorded, including pain, wound and systemic complications, post-operative hospital stay, and need for ICU care and drain removal day. A visual analog scale (VAS) was used for measuring post-operative pain scores. Patients were followed up for 1 month. Results showed that the post-operative pain score calculated after the open repair was 5.48 ± 2.25, and after laparoscopic ventral hernia repair was 6.05 ± 1.98. Though the laparoscopic technique was associated with higher scores, this difference was statistically insignificant (P= 0.292). Follow up of patients after one month showed laparoscopic repair was associated with lower complications, including pain, infection, seroma, and hematoma, compared to open repair. It can be concluded that laparoscopic hernia repair leads to lesser complications than the open technique. Using sutures and trackers in laparoscopic technique can result in relatively higher post-operative pain in the short term, but this difference is insignificant, due to which laparoscopic ventral hernia repair is more feasible.
Analysis of Factors Affecting Chinese Consumers Purchase of New Energy Electric Vehicles
Authors: Wang Luying
Published: June 2023

According to the public data of each country, the production and sales of electric vehicles have grown rapidly, especially after 2018. As for China, in 2014 the government polished some policies to let pure electric vehicles appear on the market as a commodity, and now China has the biggest potential market for electric vehicles. Therefore, this article aims to explore the causal factors that may influence the willingness of Chinese people to buy electric vehicles based on existing literature and data. Case comparison and analysis were chosen as the research methods. This study analyzed the sales data and prices of two chief electric car brands: Tesla and BYD, all around the world in 2021 and 2022. The results of the data analysis show that the factors influencing Chinese consumers to purchase new energy electric vehicles include basic factors such as price and sales. In addition, national policy support is also at play.
Analysis on the Role of Social Media in Business Brand Building
Authors: Yu Junyan
Published: June 2023

With the change of The Times, social media had taken a place in our daily life and work, and many companies also integrated social media with the business well. Although many enterprises had been engaged in social media marketing for many years, why could social media replace traditional marketing and become the mainstream marketing means in this era? How did social media work in a business? What role did it play and what good does it do? Through the research, we could find that through the counter-communication between the company and customers on social media, the company gradually penetrates its brand influence, leaves its unique brand logo on various social media platforms, and further guides consumers through the strategies of star spokespeople, diversified comments, etc., so that the brand could operate successfully and finally form a perfect closed loop in order to make a profit. This paper gives a preliminary understanding to small and medium-sized entrepreneurs who have not yet understood how social media works in business, and popularizes it to people who are interested in social media and business, so that the product of social media in the new era will continue to thrive under people's understanding.
Customer Loyalty of Fruit WeChat Business
Authors: Jin Minyi
Published: June 2023

WeChat groups are the simplest and most basic private communication software in China. Those who can enter a WeChat group share common values or specific consumer groups. The marketing cost of the WeChat group is meager, and it is widely used in the current Chinese market. Consumption feelings and purchase behaviors reflect the loyalty of WeChat group consumers. What factors are these two dimensions affected by? In this report, we chose the fruit WeChat purchase group as the research object and used the questionnaire for analysis. By constructing the indicators of purchase feeling and purchase behavior for analysis, we will get the factors that affect purchase intention and behavior, which provides a reference for improving the WeChat group shopping mode.
Analysis of the "Prisoner's Dilemma" Model in the Application of Price-Matching Dilemma: Taking MeiTuan and Everything 30min as Example
Authors: Chen Qiyue , Jin Yuetian
Published: June 2023

One of the most well-known examples of game theory and a significant element of economic theory is The Prisoner's Dilemma. The Prisoner's Dilemma is one of the best instances of the conventional non-zero-sum game in game theory, which demonstrates that the group does not always represent the best option for individuals. When major brands and companies are engaged in competition, the Prisoner's Dilemma model is used to examine strategic choices and price setting. Everything 30min and MeiTuan, the two major participants in the takeaway market, would be excellent instances for using the Prisoner's Dilemma model. This paper analyzed the two companies in a similar prisoner's dilemma in the price war, how MeiTuan is a newcomer to the industry is how to break the everything 30min monopoly and enter the market with its share of the market. Finally, this paper integrated the dynamics of the price-matching war between the two big competitors with the prisoner's dilemma to come up with three suggestions. Additionally, these three suggestions can further help them out of the prisoner's dilemma like the price-matching war.
Research on Firm Recruitment on Adverse Selection under the Game Theory Model
Authors: Gao Jiayi
Published: June 2023

In the era of global economic integration, economy and science and technology have in-creasingly become the decisive factors of international competition, and among them, enter-prises have increasingly become the main body of competition. Therefore, in recent years, major enterprises have increasingly improved the core competitiveness of their enterprises, and the research on human resources has become more and more in-depth. To maximize the benefits, in recent years, companies around the world have gradually realized the im-portance of high-level talent to their company's capabilities. However, due to various prob-lems, such as information asymmetry caused by adverse selection, it is increasingly difficult for companies to select real talents to contribute more to themselves. Through the estab-lishment of the game theory model, this paper discusses the benefits and losses for employ-ers and applicants and finds the best employment recruitment scheme. The research results show that the information asymmetry in the recruitment process will greatly reduce the effi-ciency of enterprises to find talents, and cause losses to both recruiters, so this paper puts forward relevant suggestions for the problem of information asymmetry to make up for the information asymmetry of the double-reverse, to promote the absorption of outstanding tal-ents by enterprises and drive the development of enterprises and economic recovery.
The Effect of D&O Insurance on Company Values in the Chinese Stock Market
Authors: Wang Yichen
Published: June 2023

D&O insurance is considered an important risk management tool in protecting the interest of minor directors and investors of listed companies. Over the past years, D&O insurance has been studied various times. Two major hypotheses about its actual effect on company values are the encouragement hypothesis and opportunism hypothesis. Our study was based on the revision of the Chinese Security Law in 2019, and through the empirical analysis, we confirmed that the effect of D&O insurance on company values is positive. Further study revealed that this effect on high-risk level corporate is more significant. These findings provided empirical evidence on the importance of D&O insurance in Chinese stock market, and showed the need for further studying and popularization.
How Customers Loyalty Response to Service Quality, Bank Image and Religious Satisfaction?: An Evidence from Islamic Banking
Authors: Shafique Shanza , Ghafoor Abdul , Saman Mubashra , Ali Muhammad
Published: June 2023

Islamic banking offers services and goods in accordance with sharia (Islamic law), which rigorously forbids other unethical behaviours like gambling and speculation. Customer loyalty is assurance of customer that he will make repeat purchase of product or service in near future. The study impact of service quality, bank image and religious satisfaction on customer loyalty has some considerations in past. The objective of the present study is to find the impact of service quality, bank image and religious satisfaction on the loyalty of Islamic banking customers. Customer satisfaction was used as a mediator. The study uses a convenient sampling technique is applied for sample selection in this study. Data was gathered from 200 respondents which were customers of different Islamic banks located in Jhang, Faisalabad and Karachi. SPSS and Smart PLS were used for the analysis of data. The findings of the study reveal that service quality has a positive effect on customer loyalty. Bank image does not have a positive impact on loyalty of customer. Religious satisfaction has positive impact on loyalty of customer. Customer satisfaction mediates the relation of service quality, religious satisfaction with customer loyalty but doesnt mediate the relation of bank image and customer loyalty. The study will provide direction for Islamic banks to promote Islamic banking in order to foster its growth which will results in increase in customers.
Risk Analysis and Countermeasures for Wearable Mobile Medical Devices
Authors: Wang Yaozong
Published: June 2023

With peoples attention to health, wearable mobile medical devices have gradually entered people's vision in recent years. With its convenient and fast functions, it is expected to im-prove the current medical environment. A wearable mobile health device is a portable de-vice that is worn directly on the body or integrated into the user's clothing or accessories. Wearable devices are not only hardware devices but also perform powerful functions through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction. Wearable devices will bring great changes to our lives and perceptions. This chapter will explain the technology, development, device form, market performance, and other aspects of wearable devices.
The Influence of Cognitive Bias on People's Online Shopping Decision
Authors: Xu Chuyi
Published: June 2023

Since China initially established a simple online shopping model in 1999 and experienced 20 years of a long development, people should have accumulated a lot of online shopping experience. However, people will still make many irrational decisions. From the perspective of behavioral economics, this paper considers more factors regarding the assumption of a "rational person" in traditional economics, breaks the shortcomings of conventional assumptions, and more systematically explains many economic phenomena. It enables people to avoid the same mistakes and maintain relative rationality after understanding the economic phenomena contained in the irrational decision-making of online shopping. In order to achieve this goal, this paper will list several representative cognitive biases and link them with various irrational online shopping behaviors so that people can understand how these irrational behaviors produce and affect people. Finally, this paper finds that when people make decisions, they are often affected by the "field dependence" of external information and the "field independence" of people's hearts. What people can do is accumulate knowledge reserves and keep relatively rational when making similar decisions in the future.
Pengaruh Literasi Keuangan Terhadap Pengelolaan Keuangan UMKM di Kota Makassar
Authors: Ardiansyah A. Ferry Ardiansyah , Rauf Anwar , Nurman Nurman
Published: June 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of Financial Literacy on the financial management of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Makassar City. The variables in this study are financial literacy as the independent variable (X) and financial management as the dependent variable (Y). The population in this study is all Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Makassar City which are registered with the Office of Cooperatives and Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Makassar City. Based on the data obtained, the number of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises that are still active in 2021 in Makassar City is 715 Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises. The sampling technique used was the purposive sampling technique, namely the sample selection process using certain considerations. Data collection techniques used are questionnaires and documentation. The data analysis technique used is descriptive percentage analysis, instrument test, and hypothesis testing. The instrument test consists of a validity test and a reliability test. Hypothesis test consists of simple regression, partial test (t test) and partial determination coefficient (r2). The results of this study indicate that financial literacy partially has a positive and significant effect on the financial management of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Makassar City.
Life, death, and AI: Exploring digital necromancy in popular culture—Ethical considerations, technological limitations, and the pet cemetery conundrum
Authors: Hutson James , Ratican Jeremiah
Published: June 2023

This article explores the rise of generative AI, particularly ChatGPT, and the combination of large language models (LLM) with robotics, exemplified by Ameca the Robot. It addresses the need to study the ethical considerations and potential implications of digital necromancy, which involves using AI to reanimate deceased individuals for various purposes. Reasons for desiring to engage with a disembodied or bodied replica of a person include the preservation of memories, emotional closure, cultural heritage and historical preservation, interacting with idols or influential figures, educational and research purposes, and creative expression and artistic endeavors. As such, this article examines historical examples of the practice in hologram concerts, CGI characters, and others in order to analyze the ethical concerns related to privacy, consent, and commercial gain. It delves into the challenges of accurately representing individual personalities, misrepresenting cultural context, and the limitations of available data. Furthermore, it explores the Pet Cemetery conundrum and its impact on the grieving process, mental health, and the moral implications of using AI to generate interactions with the deceased. By contemplating future use cases like interactive virtual assistants and realistic historical reenactments, the article highlights the importance of addressing ethical implications as these technologies continue to advance and contributes to the discourse on the responsible and ethical use of generative AI, LLM, and robotics in the context of digital resurrection, calling for ongoing discussions and considerations of AI rights, social dynamics, and the grieving process.
AS NOVAS TECNOLOGIAS VOLTADAS PARA A EDUCAÇÃO MATEMÁTICA ASSOCIADAS AOS PRESSUPOSTOS EDUCACIONAIS PARA EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL E TECNOLÓGICA: PROBLEMATIZAÇÃO, CONTEXTUALIZAÇÃO E INTERDISCIPLINARIDADE
Authors: Pontes Edel Alexandre Silva
Published: June 2023

Diante de todos os avanços científicos e tecnológicos do mundo contemporâneo, o ensino de Matemática na Educação Profissional e Tecnológica passa por uma drástica mudança em sua identidade, como também, em sua concepção metodológica. Este trabalho tem como objetivo expor implicações, através das novas tecnologias voltadas a Educação Matemática associadas aos pressupostos educacionais (PCI): problematização, contextualização e interdisciplinaridade.  No percurso metodológico, este estudo é definido como uma pesquisa qualitativa que emprega a técnica de revisão bibliográfica, a partir do levantamento de referências teóricas expostas em periódicos científicos sobre o tema: ensino de Matemática na EPT. Questionar para buscar respostas, designar para melhor esclarecer e estabelecer relações com outros saberes são pressupostos basilares para otimizar o processo de ensino e aprendizagem de Matemática na EPT, permitindo que professor e aluno estejam em plena conectividade na geração do pensamento matemático, em preparação para o trabalho. Espera-se que este artigo possa ser uma ferramenta de conscientização da importância do saber-fazer do professor de Matemática da EPT, conciliando as novas tecnologias da Educação Matemática e o PCI, para o fortalecimento do pensamento matemático imprescindível para o sucesso do aprendiz, em toda sua vida acadêmica, como também, no seu futuro exercício profissional.
ปัจจัยความเสี่ยงและความตั้งใจในการเดินทางท่องเที่ยวในประเทศไทย ของกลุ่มนักท่องเที่ยวชาวต่างชาติภายหลังการแพร่ระบาด ของโรคติดเชื้อไวรัสโคโรนา 2019
Authors: หลักเพ็ชร พัทรียา
Published: June 2023

การวิจัยครั้งนี้วัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษา 1) จัดกลุ่มนักท่องเที่ยวชาวต่างชาติที่เดินทางมาท่องเที่ยวในประเทศไทยตามรูปแบบการดำเนินชีวิต และปัจจัยแรงดึงดูดของแหล่งท่องเที่ยว และ 2) ปัจจัยความเสี่ยงและความตั้งใจในการเดินทางท่องเที่ยวในประเทศไทยของกลุ่มนักท่องเที่ยวชาวต่างชาติภายหลังการแพร่ระบาดของโรคติดเชื้อไวรัสโคโรนา 2019 ผลการวิจัยสรุปได้ว่า นักท่องเที่ยวชาวต่างชาติที่เดินทางมาเที่ยวในประเทศไทยสามารถจัดได้ 4 กลุ่มได้แก่1) กลุ่มรักการท่องเที่ยวแบบเน้นแก่นแท้และความคุ้มค่า 2) กลุ่มชื่นชอบการท่องเที่ยวแบบหรูหรา 3) กลุ่มศึกษาสนใจศึกษาวิถีชีวิตวัฒนธรรมการเรียนรู้ และ 4) กลุ่มรักผจญภัยค้นหาประสบการณ์ท่องเที่ยว ตามลำดับ ปัจจัยความเสี่ยงและความตั้งใจในการเดินทางท่องเที่ยวในประเทศไทยของกลุ่มนักท่องเที่ยวชาวต่างชาติภายหลังการแพร่ระบาดของโรคติดเชื้อไวรัสโคโรนา 2019 สามารถสรุปได้ว่า ความตั้งใจในการเดินทางมาท่องเที่ยวของนักท่องเที่ยวในประเทศไทยต่างขึ้นอยู่กับการรับรู้ความเสี่ยงในการเดินทาง ทัศนคติเกี่ยวกับความเสี่ยงในการเดินทาง ระดับการยอมรับความเสี่ยงจากการท่องเที่ยว และกลยุทธ์การลดความเสี่ยงที่เป็นตัวแปรกำกับ โดยแต่ละกลุ่มนักท่องเที่ยวชาวต่างชาติจะมีเอกลักษณ์เฉพาะต่างกัน
The Effect of University Teachers’ Perceived Inclusive Leadership on their Job Performance: The Serial Mediation Effect of Perceived School Support and Teachers’ Psychological Empowerment
Authors: Luo Yafei , Huang Jian-Hao
Published: June 2023

Our study explored the effect of perceived inclusive leadership on job performance of university teachers and the serial mediation effect of perceived school support and psychological empowerment among those teachers. Using the questionnaire method, data were collected from a valid sample of 895 university teachers in China. The findings indicated that perceived inclusive leadership significantly and positively affects university teachers’ job performance. Among university teachers, both perceived school support and psychological empowerment have a partial mediation effect on the relationship between perceived inclusive leadership and job performance. Perceived school support and psychological empowerment have a serial mediation effect between perceived inclusive leadership and job performance. This study provides theoretical and empirical evidence for research related to job performance of university teachers.
ROMÂNIA: PAȘI CĂTRE SMART POWER
Authors:   Academia Națională de Informații „Mihai Viteazul”, Bucureșt, COLDEA Florian
Published: June 2023

A defence strategy for a European state that is both EU and NATO member should be in accordance with the security requirements of those organisations, while also in harmony with the domestic characteristics that define our country’s role within those organisations. Europe 2020 strategy, adopted by the European Commission in 2010, is aimed at smart and sustainable growth, with an obvious focus on economic development, the concept being also applicable to security and defence. NATO’s smart defence concept is rather limited to sharing capabilities, coordinating priorities and efforts in the military sphere, as it is the nature of the Alliance itself. But domestically, in implementing an ambitious National Defence Strategy, it should be considered the extended applicability of the concept of smart power, developed by Joseph Nye, which includes all areas of a country’s social, economic and military existence, in order to promote its security and interests.
ADAPTAREA CAPABILITĂȚILOR MILITARE LA CERINȚELE MEDIULUI OPERAȚIONAL – ACTUALITATE ȘI PERSPECTIVE –
Authors:   Academia Forțelor Terestre „Nicolae Bălcescu”, Sibiu, GRIGORAŞ Constantin
Published: June 2023

The realities of the contemporary operational environment, which, given the nature of the actors, conditions and circumstances, manifest themselves in a well-defined space, directly and fundamentally influence decisions and the use of military capabilities. Identifying the key features of the operational environment, understanding and anticipating the evolutionary trends of these features are essential conditions for military planners to design successful military operations that respect the principle of sufficient use of military force. The continuous changes in the operational environment require a reaction both in terms of concept, but, especially, in terms of action, to adapt the military capabilities and, implicitly, the operational concepts to the new challenges. In this context, shortening the duration of the adaptation of strategies, doctrines, tactics, techniques and procedures used in military actions to the maximum becomes imperative and must be at the same time anticipatory, and employing scientific tools to achieve an appropriate correlation between the structure of forces and missions is an unequivocal necessity.
INOVAREA – FINALITATE A CERCETÃRII ªTIINÞIFICE DE EXCELENÞÃ PENTRU O UNIVERSITATE CU PROFIL MILITAR –
Authors:   Academia Forțelor Terestre „Nicolae Bălcescu”, Sibiu, NICULESCU Brânduşa-Oana , DRAGOMIR Isabela-Anda ,   Academia Forțelor Terestre „Nicolae Bălcescu”, Sibiu
Published: June 2023

With the transition to military higher education, scientific research and innovation have become necessary prerequisites for building a successful academic environment. Amateurism has considerably diminished as a result of the training and improvement of the skills needed in this domain, whose value is increasingly recognised as a galvanising factor in achieving specific quality indicators for a modern military university. Against this background, we can argue that scientific research, scientific innovation, and military higher education intertwine in a much more active way than in previous years, with the ultimate aim of enhancing military science and practice. The emergence of new preoccupations for scientific research and innovation, as pillars supporting a modern military university, arise not only from the imperative of acknowledging this need, but also as a consequence of the identification of scientific knowledge among the solutions needed to provide the conditions specific to a future military university, able to respond to and master the wide array of challenges generated by the unknown in future military actions. The proposed approach draws attention to aspects related to the importance of knowledge, understanding, explanation, and argumentation of conceptual, structural, actional, and managerial clarifications of scientific research, scientific progress and innovation, as fundamentals of excellence in a modern military university. Thus, the postmodern military university will acquire the capacity to fulfil its specific missions only in an optimal framework, adequate for recognising scientific research and innovation as imperatives for the dynamics of change in society and in the military environment.
INSTRUMENTUL MILITAR AL PUTERII ÎN SECOLUL XXI – FUNDAMENTELE STRATEGIILOR MILITARE ALE STATELOR DIN ZONA EXTINSÃ A MÃRII NEGRE –
Authors:   Brigada 9 Mecanizată „Mărășești”, Constanța, NICULAE Marian
Published: June 2023

A nation’s power to impose its will and to achieve its national objectives emanates from its instruments of national power. Today, the instruments of national power include diplomacy, information, military, and economy, collectively identified by the acronym DIME. A nation does not necessarily have to be superior in each element of the DIME to achieve its national goals and interests. However, it has to be adept in managing each element of national power synergistically in order to achieve its desired results. The military element of national power represents the military might of a nation. Referred to as a “hard power” due to its kinetic nature, the military component of DIME might appear to be a measure of last resort. This is not always the case, however, as the credible threat of hard power alone in combination with other elements of DIME (sometimes known as “smart power”) can often allow a nation to achieve its interests. The armed conflict in Ukraine and the illegal annexation of Crimea, the changes in the relations between major global and regional actors, the persistence of frozen conflicts in the Republic of Moldova and Georgia and the difficult path of state consolidation and economic development in some of the Black Sea states – all require a much greater attention of the international community to the region, which changes almost everything about using the instruments of power and of course the strategy regarding the Black Sea region.
Perubahan Struktur Ekonomi Malang Dari Masa Ke Masa
Authors: Franciska Christiana  , Nur Fakhri Febriansyah  , Muhammad Yasin
Published: June 2023

Economics is an interesting field of study if studied from a historical perspective, in its journey, Malang apparently is not only the center of coffee plantations. Malang at that time had a large sugar factory (PG). As the economy of Malang City grew, the number of sugar factories continued to increase. This transformation extends to the trade and service sector which has brought Malang to play an important role as one of the pillars of the economy in East Java. In this research, the author used a qualitative method. The key to the successful evolution of the Malang region's economy is the synergy of political authority (government), the central bank as the monetary authority (BI Malang), and business actors so that they can become a transformative collective force in developing programs with an insight into regional potential and the institutional capacity of the local community, to the ability to adapt and capture new opportunities that arise in a rapidly changing economic order and environment is developed.
Analisis Pemeliharaan Daerah Pergerakan ( Runway ) Bandar Udara Umbu Mehang Kunda Waingapu Sumba Timur
Authors: Djoko Widagdo  , Thomas Thom Bataona
Published: June 2023

Landasan pacu atau Runway memiliki peranan yang sangat penting sebagai bagian dari fasilitas di Bandar Udara karena merupakan tempat pesawat mendarat/landing dan lepas landas/take off yang berlangsung selama jam operasional bandar Udara sehingga perlu dilakukan pemeliharaan yang baik terhadap landasan. Adapun penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahu mekanisme pemeliharan dan penyebab kerusakan runway, dan kendala yang dihadapi petugas saat melakukan pemeliharaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kegiatan pemeliharan  runway sangat berpengaruh terhadap kegiatan operasional keamanan dan keselamatan penerbangan. Kegiatan diawali dengan inspeksi petugas di runway yang kemudian dicatat dan dilaporkan kepada kepala kantor apabila ditemukan hal yang mengganggu keselamatan penerbangan akan ditindaklanjuti. Penyebab kerusakan di runway berasal dari air genangan yang dibiarkan lama, akar tanaman dan kesalahan teknis yang dilakukan oleh pilot Ketika pesawat berada di area runway. Kegiatan pemeliharan masih memiliki beberapa kendala berupa minimnya peralatan, cuaca dan aktifitas penerbangan yang padat.
Siyer Anlatımında Öne Çıkan Dört Eserin Üslup, İçerik ve Metin Açısından Değerlendirilip Karşılaştırılması
Authors: ADIGÜZEL Adnan
Published: June 2023

Hz. Muhammed’in (as) hayatı ve mesajları konusunda yüzyıllardan beri sayısız eser kaleme alınmıştır. Günümüzde de bu konuda binlerce eser telif edilmiş ve edilmeye de devam etmektedir. Ancak bu eserlerin onun mesajını ne ölçüde doğru aktardıkları hep tartışılmıştır. Her asırda, her dönemde olması gereken o dönemin insanına Hz. Muhammed’in mesajının doğru bir içerik, dil ve üslupla anlatılmasıdır. Hz. Muhammed’in biz insanlara bir insan peygamber olarak anlatılmasıdır.

Hz. Muhammed (as) yaşayışıyla kendi döneminde Müslümanlar için örnek bir şahsiyet olmuştur. Kur’an-ı Kerim ve Resulullah’ın da Müslümanlara tavsiyesi onun örnek alınmasıdır. Bundan dolayı da Hz. Muhammed’in hayatı anlatılırken insanların örnek alabilecekleri bilgiler sunulmalıdır. Ancak tarihte ve günümüzde Hz. Muhammed’i neredeyse örnek alınması mümkün olmayan bir insan olarak anlatan çok sayıda eser yazılmıştır. Bunun yanında ağırlıklı olarak onun örnek alınması kaygısıyla yazılmış eserler de bulunmaktadır. Bu eserlerde onun içimizden biri ve “insan peygamber” olduğu vurgulanır. İşte bu çalışmada Hz. Muhammed’in insani örneklik yönünü daha çok ön plana çıkaran bazı eserler seçilmiş ve bu eserlerin içeriğindeki “insan peygamber” anlatımları ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır.

Çalışmada önce siyer yazıcılığı ve siyerin hangi gerekçelerle yazıldığı, amacı, yöntemi ve içeriğiyle ilgili genel bilgiler verilmiştir. Ardından yaşadığımız dönemdeki insanların algılarına hitap eden bir “insan Peygamber” anlatmayı önceleyen eserlerden dört eser seçilmiştir. Eserler 1950’lerden sonra Türkçe olarak basılmış ve genel anlamda geniş bir okuyucu kitlesine ulaşan çalışmalardır. Yöntem olarak, seçilmiş eserler kronolojik sırayla müelliflerin Hz. Peygamber’in örnekliğini günümüz insanına anlatma çabaları gösterilmeye çalışılmıştır. Burada Ali Himmet Berki ve Osman Keskioğlu’nun hazırladığı Hâtemü’l-Enbiyâ Hazreti Muhammed ve Hayatı, Muhammed Hamidullah’ın İslam Peygamberi, İbrahim Sarıçam’ın Hz. Muhammed ve Evrensel Mesajı ve Âdem Apak’ın Siyer-i Nebi adlı eserleri ele alınmıştır.
Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Green dan Roasted Biji Kopi Robusta Temanggung Menggunakan Metode DPPH
Authors: Putri Mega
Published: June 2023

Oksidatif stress dapat menimbulkan kerusakan sel bila antioksidan endogen tidak dapat melawan radikal bebas. Bila kerusakn seltersebut berlangsung lama, dapat menyebabkan penuaan dini dan gangguan penyakit seperti kanker, kardiovaskular, dan diabetes. Untuk membantu antioksidan endogen dalam melawan radikal bebas, dapat dibantu dengan antioksidan eksogen. Salah satunya adalah kopi. Namun, kandungan senyawa yang terkandung di dalam kopi dapat dipengaruhi proses sangrai/roasted.  Derajat proses sangrai/roasting dapat mempengaruhi sifat fisik, rasa, aroma, dan  kandungan kimia biji kopi. Perubahan kandungan kimia biji kopi dapat mempengaruhi aktivitas antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh derajat roasting terhadap aktivitas antioksidan biji kopi robusta Temanggung.

Sampel bijikopi Robusta di identifikasi untuk memastikan kebenaran sampel, selanjutnya dimaserasi dengan aquadest 1:10. Filtrat di uji antioksidan dengan metode DPPH yang nantinya akan diperoleh nilai LC50.

Hasil identifikasi diperolah bahwa sampel benar merupakan biji kopi robusta. Hasil uji antioksidan diketahui bahwa LC50 green bean, light, medium, dan dark berturut-turut adalah 82,27, 362,91, 61,46, dan 617,04. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, diketahui bahwa aktivitas antioksidan terbaik adalah medium bean. Perubahan kapasitas antioksidan biji kopi roasted berhubungan dengan degradasi asam klorogenat, pembentukan melanoidin dan pembentukan produk reaksi Maillard.
Uji Model Fisik 2 Dimensi Stabilitas Lapis Pelindung Struktur Jetty Muara Sungai Tukad Unda
Authors: Sutanto Ma'ruf Hadi , Putra Ida Ayu Irawati Diah Ratna , Setiawan M Hendro , Purnama Bayu , Hakiki Irham Adrie , Prasetyo Adi
Published: June 2023

Tukad Unda yang bermuara di Pantai Jumpai, Kabupaten Klungkung telah mengalami perubahan arah alur akibat perubahan arah gelombang dan penutupan mulut muara sungai. Selain itu kawasan muara Tukad Unda juga akan jadi bagian dari Pusat Kebudayaan Bali (PKB). Bangunan jetty tegak lurus pantai yang diletakkan pada kedua sisi muara sungai, menggunakan tumpukan batu sebagai lapis pelindung mengalami kerusakan pada bagian kepala jetty. Sebagai pengamanan terhadap struktur jetty agar tidak bertambah direncanakan menambah lapis pelindung pada bagian kepala dan badan jetty dengan menggunakan tambahan armor BPPT-lock. Sebagai unit lapis pelindung struktur jetty harus dilakukan pengujian model fisik dalam skala laboratorium. Pengujian model fisik dalam skala laboratorium ini dilakukan sebagai verifikasi terhadap kehandalan struktur armor BPPT-lock. Pada skenario pengujian Tipikal 1 (FF P8-P10), dengan skema pemasangan acak dari kaki sampai slope atas serta perubahan geometri struktur yaitu tanpa menggunakan berm, nilai prosentase kerusakan yang terbesar pada gelombang desain Nd = 1,85 % (FF-P10), sehingga unit lapis pelindung relatif stabil untuk diterapkan (Nd < 2%).
Escribir y ser leído : el camino de Jorge Guillén hacia el reconocimiento
Authors: Fernández Urtasun Rosa
Published: June 2023

El presente trabajo recorre el epistolario inédito de Jorge Guillén con su hija Teresa desde 1948 hasta la muerte del poeta en 1984. A través de este testimonio, y con apoyos de cartas dirigidas a otros destinatarios, documenta las reacciones privadas del poeta ante las dificultades de publicar su poesía en España mientras está en el exilio; muestra hasta qué punto los reconocimientos que se le hicieron a partir de la Transición – de manera particular el Premio Cervantes – supusieron un punto de inflexión en su vida; y describe cómo influyeron en la culminación de su obra completa con el libro Final.
Receção de José Saramago na crítica académica chinesa
Authors: Li Xueqing , Gago Dora Nunes
Published: June 2023

Este artigo centra-se na receção de José Saramago na crítica académica chinesa, apoiando-se na teoria da estética da receção e do efeito, nomeadamente nos contributos de Hans Robert Jauss e Wolfgang Iser. Por meio da recolha e abordagem de 39 trabalhos académicos (publicados em revistas, atas de congresso e dissertações) acerca de José Saramago e das suas obras traduzidas na China, visa-se conhecer as interpretações dos estudiosos chineses sobre a criação saramaguiana, observar a tendência de estudo relativamente a este escritor português, verificar quais as obras mais analisadas e as perspetivas de análise dominantes no campo académico chinês. Este é, pois, um estudo ainda introdutório e seminal que pretende abrir as portas a futuros trabalhos sobre a presença deste grande escritor de língua portuguesa na China.
El cadmio y su impacto en la producción de café
Authors: Tirado Lara James , Díaz Ruiz Adán , Paredes Carranza José Celso
Published: June 2023

El presente libro es realizado con el objetivo de contribuir a la ampliación de conocimientos teóricos sobre el cadmio y su impacto en la producción del café, de tal manera que los caficultores o personas interesadas en conocer sobre el tema tengan un material de ayuda para incrementar la producción de café de calidad y su venta a nivel nacional e internacional. Para ello, el libro ha sido estructurado en cinco capítulos en los cuales se abordan las bases teóricas del cadmio, que incluye sus características, usos y efectos; también se detallan las nociones generales del café, como sus tipos y producción, y el cultivo de café en el que se describe el proceso de cosecha y postcosecha. Además de la parte teórica también se presenta la investigación realizada en el Distrito de San Ignacio, Cajamarca, respecto a la evaluación del cadmio en granos de café, esencia de café y café tostado molido. En el estudio se analiza el contenido de cadmio mediante el espectrofotómetro y se evidencia un contenido de cadmio en granos frescos de 0.379, granos oro verde de 0.288, en granos tostados de 0.288, en café tostado molido de 0.109 y en bebida de 0.00 ppm; además, en la prueba de hipótesis, se manifestó que el café tostado molido y bebida de café no superaron los límites máximos permisibles mientras que en los restantes fue lo contrario.
Progress of Science and Interfaces of the World
Authors: Mikirtumov Ivan B. ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: June 2023

In this article, I want to show that the concept “rationality”, which is important for the French school of epistemology of science, has a dual content and is not very successful. This is the main point of my polemic with Tatyana Sokolova. On the one hand, there seems to be general rationality in it, understood as a preference (in the broad sense) for benefits over costs. Benefits include true knowledge. On the other hand, there is a historical socio-cultural context in which scientific knowledge arises and in which the parameters of practice are determined, which serves as the final instance for testing knowledge. At the same time, there are many such contexts in society, which I call human interfaces. The world, for its part, offers many of its interfaces as collections of interaction tools. When some interface of a person and some interface of the world assimilate each other, knowledge arises, that is confirmed by practice. It can be considered rational. But with a change in the sociocultural context, the human interface also changes, so that a search for new assimilation takes place. It is carried out by science. I agree with Tatyana Sokolova’s characterization of the progress of science, but I suggest at least differentiating the levels of rationality. One operates in the historical sociocultural locus, the other ensures the change of such loci and the adaptation of knowledge to them. I consider the progress of science to be an evaluative characteristic; no objectively recorded phenomenon corresponds to it. The disciplinary distinction of science is derived from the concepts of “object” and “method”, which have a performative content.
Progress of Science
Authors: Mikhailov Andrey I. ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: June 2023

A study of the relationship of trends towards specialization and universalization of scientific knowledge is most fruitful when sociological and epistemological methods are compared. Sociological methods describe the growth of scientific knowledge quantitatively as an increase in volume, whereas epistemological methods do it qualitatively in terms of an increase in the level of generalization. The sociological explanation of the specialization of researchers is based on the limited resources of the study time, the epistemological explanation of the differentiation of disciplines is in the ontological differences of the objects of research. On the contrary, epistemological universalization – the formulation of generalizing theories is conditioned by the social need to ensure the connectivity of the network of technical practices. The history of the development of natural sciences shows a tendency towards absorption of the less developed paradigms by more developed ones. In other words, scientific knowledge increases cumulatively both in quantitative and qualitative terms.
On the Multidimensionality of Scientific Rationality and Scientific Progress
Authors: Porus Vladimir N. ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: June 2023

In the polemic with T.D. Sokolova’s article the issue is discussed addressing the question whether there is anything new that we can get from the methodology of interdisciplinarity and trans-disciplinarity for determination of scientific rationality and scientific progress. The solution of this question is connected with the intensions of a historical and social-cultural epistemologies. These intentions consist in a complex or “multidimensional” approach to the creation of conceptual designs that define the application of these concepts. None of the "measurements” (methodological, psychological, social, etc.) provides them with a universal definition, but a “stereometric” image “restored” from them is capable to approximate to real use of these concepts of an epistemology and philosophy of science. It is necessary to remember that progress in science in one dimension can be regression in another just as the scientific rationality in a sociological dimension can be in no correspondence with the interpretation of rationality given to it by a certain methodological conception. Philosophy of science must avoid a dogmatic universalization of the criteria of rationality as well as the extremes of of relativism in this question.
Types of Identity and Coordinates of Person
Authors: Kochnev Roman L. ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: June 2023

Modern analytical metaphysics contains many theories and approaches regarding the problem of personal identity. This diversity inevitably leads to the emergence of various classifications, the authors of which are trying to develop a compact way of typologizing existing views. Most of the classifications involve a significant simplification of the theories and approaches under consideration, and some of them are not taken into account at all. As such global classifications, one can single out an approach based on the identity criterion used in the theory (psychological, biological, narrative views). However, numerous local classifications allow one to point out potential differences in theories, even if formally they use a common criterion of identity. Other possible classifications are the division into endurantism and perdurantism, as well as simple (non-reductionist) and complex (reductionist) theories of identity. Special attention is paid to M. Shechtman‘s approach, which offers a local classification of narrative theories. Its main classification is the presentation of the views of researchers in the form of a possible spectrum. The place of a particular philosopher on this spectrum characterizes his views in relation to other supporters of the narrative approach. The purpose of this article is, based on the classification of narrative theories proposed by Shechtman, to propose a classification option for all theories and approaches to the problem of personal identity, which would be sensitive to conceptual details and differences that are important to them.