bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A comparative study of the outcomes of fixation of fractures of distal femur by femoralnailing vs distal femoral locking compression plate
Authors: Ratanam K. Raja , Singh Jhatoth Dhoom
Published: April 2022

: Distal femoral fractures are much less common than hip fractures and account for 7 % of all femoral fractures.

To determine the fracture characteristics (AO type, Muller’s classification). To study the advantages of fixation with distal femoral locking compression plates and retrograde intramedullary supracondylar nailing.

The present comparative study was conducted between May 2019 to November 2020 in department of othropeadics. Sample size of 30 patients presenting with supracondylar fractures of the femur were treated by distal femoral locking compression plates, dynamic condylar screws and retrograde supra condylar nailing.

Out of 30 cases those treated by supracondylar nail had an average healing time of 14.8 weeks and those treated by locking compression plate had an average healing time of 15.9. Among the 30 cases of supracondylar fracture fixed by supracondylar nail 14 were scored as good and one was scored as excellent, whereas those fixed by locking compression plate 14 were scored as good and 1 cases was scored as fair. Out of 30 cases of supracondylar fracture fixed none had any intraoperative complications barring one which had break of drill bit intraoperatively and stayed insitu to the bone, there were no intances of surgical wound infections. The intraoperative blood loss was significantly lower when the fractures were fixed by supracondylar nail which averaged to 150ml when compared to the fixations by locking compression plate which averages to 300ml.

The supracondylar nail is more ideal when compared to the distal femoral locking compression plate as there is less operation time, less blood loss, more range of movement, less soft tissue stripping & faster radiological union when compared to the distal femoral locking compression plate. Fracture personality & soft tissue quality.
Posterior fossa midline mass lesions clinicopathological study and management
Authors: Rao P Narasinga , Rajamohan B
Published: April 2022

Some of the most severe brain cancers are tumors in the posterior fossa. This is due to the small space available in the posterior fossa, as well as the possibility of essential brainstem nuclei involvement.

: To assess the clinicopathological trends of posterior fossa midline mass lesions and to assess the outcome of the patients following surgery.

This is a prospective study done in the patients admitted with posterior cranial fossa midline mass lesions who underwent surgical treatment in department of Neurosurgery. Patients were evaluated with regard Age, Sex, Clinical, Radiological and Pathological status at presentation, admission, during and after treatment.

: Incidence rate of midline mass lesions in posterior fossa is 34.6%. Common age group of occurrence of posterior midline lesions is less than 10 years. Posterior fossa midline lesions are more common in males. The common sites of origin of posterior fossa midline lesions are the Vermis of Cerebellum and fourth ventricle. Most common pathological types are Medulloblastoma and Pilocytic astrocytoma. About 29.6% of posterior fossa midline lesions require CSF diversion prior to definitive surgery. Recurrence is noted in two cases one in brainstem astrocytoma and another in medulloblastoma. Mortality is noted in 18.5% cases of posterior fossa midline mass lesions.

Prognosis is good in patients with total excision. This drives the surgeon to go for total excision.
Liver abscess: A case study
Authors: Nishanth S. , Nikitha G , Ruchitha D.
Published: April 2022

Liver abscess is a suppurative lesion in the liver formed as a result of invasion and multiplication of microorganisms which gain access by entering directly from an injury through the blood vessels or by the biliary ductal system/ septicemia, direct infection latrogenic & cryptogenic.

It can be diagnosed by comparing the lab values with the diseased condition such as hemoglobin (10.9g/dl), neutrophils (83), ESR (120mm), Serum albumin (3.4g/dl), ALP (245U/L), Gamma GT (347U/L), prothrombin time (25.2 seconds), APTT (37.9 seconds).

By performing the above tests, we have confirmed that the patient was suffering from liver abscess.
Contratos inteligentes: un análisis de su potencial en los procesos de asociaciones público-privadas
Authors: Trujillo Verónica , Reyes-Tagle Gerardo , Cessa Rubén , Suazo Nicolle
Published: April 2022

Las asociaciones público-privadas (APP) siguen largos y complejos procesos de diseño e implementación, y durante su ejecución, enfrentan problemas de transparencia y de atribución de responsabilidades que afectan a su eficiencia y efectividad. Nuevas tecnologías como los contratos inteligentes, la tecnología de registro distribuido o la inteligencia artificial brindan la oportunidad de repensar cómo hacer frente a estos problemas y de darles solución de manera articulada. El objetivo de este análisis es hacer visibles las oportunidades que conlleva el uso de las nuevas tecnologías en las distintas fases de elaboración e implementación de una APP, en particular de los contratos inteligentes y la tecnología de registro distribuido, y el despliegue de regulaciones ejecutables por máquinas, estableciendo un marco teórico que justifique la implementación de un piloto en algún subproceso de las APP. Del análisis se concluye que la implementación de estas tecnologías tiene un gran potencial para hacer más eficientes y efectivas las APP, pues facilitan una mayor articulación de los procesos, la automatización de determinados componentes y una mayor transparencia y rendición de cuentas por el uso de un sistema de registro distribuido, factores todos ellos que pueden redundar en un mejor logro de la propuesta de valor detrás de la APP.
Solar-powered off-grid charging station design for electric vehicles
Authors: KEREM Alper , DOĞAN Nurettin , YILMAZ Ahmet Serdar
Published: April 2022

In today's world, the increase in Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions into the atmosphere, as well as the natural result of the global warming issue, have detrimental consequences. It is known that gas emissions such as CO2 should be reduced in order to reduce these effects. Internal combustion engines (ICE) that use fossil fuels play a major part in the release of these harmful emissions into the environment in today's transportation industry. For this reason, in order to achieve a cleaner environment, it is aimed to increase the number of Electric Vehicles (EVs) by completely removing fossil fuel vehicles from the market. Thus, it is expected that harmful gas emissions such as CO2 will reduce considerably and the impact of such hazardous GHG in the transportation industry will be minimal. However, it is known that as the number of EVs grows, the energy demand for the electricity grid will increase and some grid problems will occur. Morever, it is well recognized that as the number of EVs grows, so will the energy demand for the electricity grid, causing potential grid difficulties. This study proposes a clean, environmentally friendly, renewable EV charging station approach to overcome potential grid issues. This system comprises a renewable energy source Photovoltaic (PV) based, off-grid, EV charging model with its own storage system, in rural areas where there is no/insufficient electricity grid or where grid load needs to be minimized. This model is simulated in MATLAB, and the findings are presented graphically.
O Professor da Educação Básica e as Tecnologias Digitais no Ensino Remoto
Authors: Davis Ivonete , Santos Junior Pedro Almeida dos , Costa Fernando Augusto Ribeiro , Rosário Hilda Rosa Moraes de Freitas , Rosário Denis , Seruffo Marcos César da Rocha
Published: April 2022

Este artigo se propõe a analisar a percepção de professores da Educação Básica sobre as suas práticas e o ensino remoto, implantado de forma emergencial devido à pandemia da Covid-19. Trata-se de um levantamento, do qual participaram 46 professores que responderam um formulário com 17 perguntas fechadas e uma aberta sobre essa experiência, as tecnologias digitais utilizadas, as dificuldades nessa implementação, o acesso a internet, entre outros. As participantes identificaram os aplicativos de mensagem (WhatsApp e Telegram) como as ferramentas mais utilizadas nas aulas, sendo consideradas as mais fáceis. Observou-se neles a postura de permanentes aprendizes.

Palavras-chave:Educação básica. Tecnologias digitais. Ensino remoto emergencial. Pandemia Covid-19.
Consumer Perception, Online Retailing and the Nigerian Experience: An Interchange of Demographic Patterns and Service Quality
Authors: Okoeguale Anthony , Onobhayedo Pius
Published: April 2022

Customer perception has earned a lot of interest in recent times as a tool for assessing service quality in service-oriented organizations. Although numerous studies have addressed customers’ perceptions of service quality in traditional service settings, a relatively small volume of literature has empirically examined service quality issues in the online retailing environment. In the case of Nigeria, there is no known research relating to perceived service quality of online retailers. To address this knowledge gap, the consumer perception of the online retail sector in Nigeria was studied. The expectation theory, the electronic service quality model, and the electronic recovery service quality model served as the theoretical foundations on which this study is based. The methodology involved the use of a descriptive survey method to assess the perceived service quality of the online retail sector and the effect of selected demographic factors on customer perception. The study was conducted with a sample size of 300 respondents. The results revealed that the perceived service quality of the online retail sector in Nigeria is above average but has room for improvement. The study also showed that customer perception was not affected by the demographic factors that this research focused on.
State of the Art Technologies in Parkinson's Disease Management: A Review Article
Authors: Farashi Sajjad , Khazaei Salman , Rezaei Mohammad
Published: April 2022

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that causes movement and behavioral problems. Pharmacological advancements for preventing disease progression have limited success for many PD patients; therefore, supportive care is necessary. The advancement of the digital world and the revolution of computerized applications pave the way for a better understanding of PD and inventing technological apparatus for helping PD patients to provide them a more normal life. In this review, the most recent technological advancements regarding the rehabilitation, monitoring, and early prognosis of PD are presented. Furthermore, the possible neurological mechanisms responsible for the positive effects of technological-based interventions are discussed.
Efficacy of Cepstral Measures in Voice Disorder Diagnosis: A Literature Review
Authors: Aghajanzadeh Mahshid , Saeedi Saeed
Published: April 2022

Introduction: The acoustic analysis is one of the well-known methods for voice evaluation. In recent years, many studies have investigated the cepstral measures compared with the other former acoustic parameters. This review article evaluates the related studies in the cepstral areas to ascertain whether they are efficient in the diagnosis of dysphonia.Materials and Methods: We reviewed the available research studies between 2009 and 2021 narratively in PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Science Direct databases. The searched keywords included “cepstral peak prominence”, “smoothed cepstral peak prominence”, “instrumental acoustic analysis”, “acoustic”, and “diagnosis”. The articles that investigated the power of Cepstral Peak Prominence (CPP) and its smoothed version (CPPS) to differentiate dysphonia versus normal voice have been included. However, the interventional studies that consider CPP and CPPS as one of their adjunct variables and studies that investigated the relationship of the cepstral measure with other parameters were not included.Results: Recent studies support the efficiency of CPP and CPPS to diagnose dysphonia.Conclusion: It is reasonable for the voice care teams to use CPP and CPPS in the patients’ initial assessment and track the effects of treatment. However, according to the relatively limited number of studies in this area, more studies are required to clarify the efficacy of cepstral measures in different voice pathologies.
Prevalence of Dysphonia in Patients with COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Aghaz Alireza , Shahriyari Arash , Panahiaboozar Shiva , Jadidi Hossein , Khoshgoftar Mohadeseh , Choupani Edris , Hemmati Ehsan
Published: April 2022

Introduction: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of dysphonia in patients with COVID-19.Materials and Methods: English and Persian studies that reported dysphonia in patients with COVID-19 were included. Review and case report studies were excluded. We searched Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus from January 1, 2020, to July 15, 2021. The prevalence of dysphonia was obtained by combining the results and weighing the sample sizes in the corresponding studies. Heterogeneity was evaluated using the Cochran Q test and I2Results: Of the 1830 articles identified, 7 studies (n=1410 patients) were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of dysphonia was 31% (%95CI: 13%-48%). The prevalence rates of dysphonia in men and women with COVID-19 were 28.2% (%95CI: 14%-46%) and 32.8% (%95CI: 22%-45%), respectively.Conclusion: Because of the design of the included studies, the reliability of the results is limited. There was notable heterogeneity in the data, not because of publication bias, but rather the small sample sizes or the heterogeneity of the COVID-19 disease. About one-third of patients with COVID-19 may have dysphonia as the only symptom. Therefore, one should even be careful in approaching those who have only dysphonia.
The Effects of a Professional Ethics Workshop on the Knowledge of Rehabilitation Students in Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Iran
Authors: Noorimombeyni Nasibeh , Shaterzadeh Yazdi Mohammad Jafar , Karimi Mehrnoosh , Akbari Meimanat , Bayat Arash , Orakifar Neda , Hamedi Dorsa , Delphi Maryam , Jahantabinejad Seifollah , Soltani Majid , Ghasemzadeh Roya , Zahednejad Shahla , Zamani Peyman , Tavakoli Mojtaba , Taheri Fatemeh , Hosseini Bidokhti Masoumeh , Jamshidi Farkhondeh , Moradi Negin
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Professional ethics in Rehabilitation Sciences is necessary for achieving therapeutic goals. Considering the importance of professional ethics training for rehabilitation students, we aimed to investigate the effects of a professional ethics workshop on improving the students’ ethical knowledge at Ahvaz Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ahvaz City, Iran.Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental, cross-sectional study was conducted on all third- and fourth-year students in Audiology, Physiotherapy, Occupational therapy, and Speech therapy and the postgraduate students of the faculty. The two-day workshop was held for 16 hours. The students completed an ethical knowledge assessment test designed by the faculty members before and after the workshop.Results: The data of 206 students (26% male and 74% female), with a mean age of 25.68 years, were analyzed in this study. The Mean±SD scores of the ethical knowledge test before and after the workshop were 4.71±1.84 and 7.02±1.42, respectively. Based on the results, the ethical knowledge of the students increased significantly after the workshop (P<0.001). Improvement of ethical knowledge scores was significantly different between educational levels (P=0.033). Also, the improvement of ethical knowledge score was significantly different among various study fields (P=0.007).Conclusion: Considering the promotion of students’ ethical knowledge through participation in this workshop, it is suggested that an ethical workshop be held upon the entry of all rehabilitation students into the clinical field.
Language Screening in Toddlers with Cleft Lips and or Palates: A Pilot Study
Authors: Jalilevand Nahid , Tarameshlu Maryam , Moein Narges , Bordbar Arash
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Children with cleft lips and or palates are at risk for speech and language disorders. Early speech and language intervention help them to advance their full speech and language abilities. This study aimed to determine whether language abilities in toddlers with oral clefts would differ from those of normal children.Materials and Methods: The study recruited 2 groups of children aged 12 to 24 months. The toddlers with cleft lips and or palates as a group of children with orofacial anomalies were born at Shahid Akbar-Abadi Hospital from March 2017 to March 2019 in Tehran City, Iran. The parents of non cleft children and those with oral clefts answered the questions of the verbal and non-verbal communication screening checklist for Persian-speaking children.Results: The results showed significant differences between the scores of the receptive-expressive language achieved by toddlers with clefts and non-clefts peers aged 12-18 months (P<0.05) and 18-24 months (P<0.05). But the results showed no significant differences between the non cleft toddlers and those with clefts in non-verbal communication (P>0.05).Conclusion: The toddlers with orofacial anomalies need early speech and language intervention.
Coping and Emotional Styles in Mothers of Children with Hearing Impairment
Authors: Safari Zohre , Khoramshahi Hassan , Bassak Nejad Soodabeh , Dastoorpoor Maryam , Moradi Negin
Published: April 2022

Introduction: The unique long-term challenges that families of children with hearing impairment experience put them at greater risk for increasing parental stress levels. This study seeks whether children’s hearing impairment affects their mothers’ emotional and coping styles with stressful situations.Materials and Methods: The coping inventory for stressful situations and the maternal emotional styles questionnaire were distributed among 108 mothers of hearing-impaired children and an equal number of mothers of normal children.Results: In the task-oriented, distraction, and social diversion styles, the mean scores of the mothers of healthy children were significantly higher than those of the mothers of hearing-impaired children. Regarding the emotion-oriented style, the mean score of the mothers of hearing-impaired children was significantly higher than that of the mothers of healthy children. With regard to the emotional coaching style, the mean score of the mothers of healthy children was significantly higher than that of the mothers of hearing-impaired children. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the mean score of emotional dismissing.Conclusion: It seems that mothers of hearing-impaired children use less effective coping and emotional styles that have adverse consequences for mothers and their children’s development.
Investigation of Flexion-Relaxation Ratio Symmetry in Subjects with and without Non-Specific Chronic Neck Pain
Authors: Shamsi Hasan , Khademi Khosro , Okhovatian Farshad
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Neuromuscular imbalance between right and left sides of Cervical Erector Spinae (CES) muscles can induce pain by applying the asymmetric loads on the spine incorrectly. This study evaluated the symmetry of the right and left cervical flexion-relaxation ratio (FRR) in patients with Non-Specific Chronic Neck Pain (NSCNP) and healthy subjects.We aimed to investigate the symmetry of FRR on the right and left sides of the CES muscles in individuals with and without NSCNP.Materials and Methods: A total of 25 patients with NSCNP and 25 healthy subjects participated in this study. The surface electromyography activity of CES muscles during four phases of flexion and extension tasks were measured and recorded. Unilateral FRR in the right and left sides of CES muscles was calculated and compared in each group.Results: Only in NSCNP patients, FRR in the right CES muscle was significantly higher than that in the left one (P<0.05). Also, FRR for bilateral CES muscles was significantly higher in healthy subjects than in NSCNP patients (P<0.001).Conclusion: The study results indicated a greater FRR asymmetry in CES muscles in NSCNP patients than in healthy subjects. This asymmetry is probably due to the dominance of the limb. Moreover, asymmetric FRR as a kind of neuromuscular imbalance may cause pain due to imposing asymmetric loads on spine structures.
Effects of Aloysia citriodora Hydroalcoholic Extract on Ethanol-induced Hepatotoxicity in Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Habibi Emran , Talebpour Amiri Fereshteh , Mokhatari Mehdi , Shaki Fatemeh
Published: April 2022

Background: Chronic ethanol consumption presents toxic effects on liver tissue by inducing oxidative stress and inflammation. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of lemon verbena were established. 
Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of Aloysia citriodora (A. citriodora) on ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity in male rats by evaluating inflammatory and oxidative stress factors. 
Methods: The study animals were randomly divided into 7 groups, (6/group) including control, extract alone (400mg/kg), ethanol 10 mg/kg, vitamin C 500 mg/kg + ethanol 10 mg/kg, and the fifth, sixth and seventh groups respectively received an intraperitoneal injection of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg of A. citriodora extract plus ethanol once a day for 6 weeks. Oxidative stress parameters, such as glutathione content, lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl, and reactive oxygen species were measured. Furthermore, inflammation parameters (nitric oxide) and liver damage were evaluated by determining the levels of liver enzymes including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and histopathological examinations.
Results: In the liver tissue of the ethanol-receiving group, a significant increase (P<0.001) was observed in ALT, AST, and ALP levels and pathological changes, compared to the control group. There was also a significant increase in the levels of oxidative stress and inflammatory factors. Interestingly, A. citriodora extract could inhibit ethanol-induced liver damage by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation.
Conclusion: A. citriodora extract significantly attenuated inflammation and oxidative stress caused by ethanol. Therefore, it can be suggested as a beneficial supplement for treating ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity.
Pharmacognostic and Physico-chemical Investigation of Barleria cristata Linn. (Leaf) for Quality Control Assessment
Authors: Chandra Joshi Bhuwan , Panthri Neha , Prasad Nondita , Kaur Virk Jaswinder
Published: April 2022

Background: Barleria cristata Linn. belongs to the family Acanthaceae and is commonly known as Raktajhinti and VajraDanti. It is widely distributed in countries, such as India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Asian tropical regions. This plant has been observed to bear multifarious ethnomedical uses in treating lung disorders, inflammatory conditions, toothache, anemia, and snakebite. A wide range of major chemical constituents, such as triterpenes, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and glycosides are reported to be present in this plant. The plant exhibited diverse pharmacological actions, such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant activities. The literature revealed insufficient information concerning the standardization of Barleria cristata Linn.
Objectives: The present study aimed to explore the pharmacognostic and phytochemical characteristics of Barleria cristata Linn. (leaf). 
Methods: The present study addressed quality control parameters, including loss on drying, ash values, extractive values, pharmacognostic parameters (e.g. macroscopic & microscopic characters and powder microscopy) as per the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. 
Results: Biochemical analysis revealed total ash (16.11±0.38), acid insoluble ash (1.50±0.18), water-soluble ash (11.10±0.23), alcohol-soluble extractive (19.34±0.79), and water-soluble extractive (25.06±0.17), respectively. The transverse section of the leaf revealed the presence of the epidermis, covering trichomes, vascular bundle, and so on. The other parameters such as phytochemical investigation, fluorescence analysis, and thin-layer chromatography were also performed to explore the crucial values of these examinations. 
Conclusion: The obtained data would be useful in the future for preparing a monograph for the authentication and standardization of this crude drug.
Enhancing the Rational Use of Albumin and Intra-venous Pantoprazole in Hospitals by Implementing Pharmaceutical Guidelines in Hospitals: A Quasi-experimental study
Authors: Sharifi Nader , Kohpeima Jahromi Vahid , Raoofi Rahim , Rahmanian Mohamad , Zahedi Razieh
Published: April 2022

Background: Irrational use of drugs is a serious global problem, especially in developing countries. Scientific evidence has announced albumin and intravenous pantoprazole as expensive drugs, i.e., relatively irrationally applied in hospitals without following the guidelines. 
Objectives: Considering health cost management policy in Iran, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of implementing pharmaceutical guidelines to rationalize and reduce the use of albumin and intravenous pantoprazole and the related inappropriate costs.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted from January 2016 to October 2018 in two teaching Hospitals in Jahrom City, Iran. Pharmaceutical guidelines were implemented throughout the physical training as well as a pharmacist-led intervention and supervising. All inpatient prescriptions of the studied medicines were evaluated. 
Results: Before conducting the intervention (June 2016), an average of 357 albumin vials were monthly used; after performing the interventions, 166 and 167 vials were used in 2017 and 2018, respectively. Reduced albumin use rate equaled 48%, i.e., significant (P=0.002). Annual cost-saving was estimated to be 25000 USD. In comparison to the previous year, there were 46% and 70% reductions in the mean number of pantoprazole vials prescribed in 2017 and 2018, respectively (P=0.005).Consuming pantoprazole was measured to be 1457 vials per month in 2017 and 795 in 2018, i.e., significant (P=0.002). Cost-Saving in intravenous pantoprazole was estimated to be 16000 USD in 2017 and 25000 USD in 2018. 
Conclusion: Prescription strategies, such as pharmaceutical guidelines with educational measures, pharmacist-led intervention, monitoring the prescribing drug, and feedback to prescribers can significantly decrease the inappropriate use of expensive drugs and their costs.
Uma experiência com teatro na divulgação científica em Uberaba-MG
Authors: Rodrigues de Araújo Luana
Published: April 2022

O presente artigo visa refletir sobre como a divulgação científica vem sendo desenvolvida na cidade de Uberaba - MG a partir da utilização da linguagem teatral como ponte, agindo como tradutora e transmissora de informações sobre ciências. Para realização do trabalho foi utilizada pesquisa bibliográfica sobre a temática além do compartilhamento de uma vivência em atuação com uma peça de teatro com temática científica que aconteceu na Semana da Água no ano de 2018 na cidade de Uberaba/MG. Faz necessário, em um período de desmantelamento das ciências e das artes, refletir como essas práticas podem ser um recurso para um diálogo construtivo entre as ciências e o público.
A necessidade de aprender sobre as tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação e os impactos na saúde mental dos professores
Authors: Almeida Alves dos Santos Sabrina , Nakamoto Paula , Leonardo Pereira Rufino Hugo
Published: April 2022

Com a pandemia do COVID-19, devido à necessidade do ensino remoto, o professor precisou aprender a usar as TDIC para melhor desenvolvimento das suas atividades de ensino. A urgência de continuar com as aulas, seguindo o imperativo de que “não podemos parar”, a corrida pela aprendizagem de alguma TDIC muita angústia, sofrimento e estresse. Assim sendo, ensinar o profesor a manusear as tecnologias que melhor se encaixam na sua demanda de ensino pode ser um desafio. Muitos profissionais tiveram que aprender em poucos dias o que deveria ser ensinado no decorrer da sua formação. Essa aprendizagem “corrida” trouxe incerteza para estes profissionais que estavam inseguros na utilização e aplicação das tecnologias necessárias para suas aulas.  Dessa maneira, o objetivo desse artigo é investigar (através de pesquisa bibliográfica) como a saúde mental do professor pode ser comprometida devido à exacerbada cobrança de que o mesmo detenha o conhecimento das TDIC, mesmo não utilizando-as. Durante este estudo, foi possível realizar um levantamento das doenças que mais acometeram os professores durante o isolamento social, sendo estas a depressão, ansiedade e o estresse. O que se pode concluir perante este estudo é que devido à pandemia do COVID-19, essas doenças apresentam índices alarmantes.
Application of Artificial Intelligence in Fruit Production: A Review
Authors: Manonmani S. , Senthilkumar S. , Govind U.S. Akshara , Manivannan S.
Published: April 2022

A data by UN FAO proclaims that the availability of land area for the crop cultivation will be 4% in 2050 with additional population of 2 billion to the existing global population. This context creates a strong pressure over agricultural production, where there will be more demand for food. The food production obtained from these traditional methods of cultivation which have been followed by farmers right now were not sufficient or may fail to feed this growing global population. Adaptation of new and latest technological solutions for the improvement of farming might be the only possible way to meet out the food requirement in future. While artificial intelligence (AI) proved to support all sectors of agriculture to boost the productivity and also helps to control uninvited natural condition. AI-supported solution makes the farmers to produce more with less in addition quality improvement in products. AI technology helps to achieve competitive advantage in market. In recent years AI powered systems aids the farmers in all process of fruit production such as in irrigation scheduling through smart irrigation systems, detection and diagnosis of pest and diseases, weed management, precise predictions, etc. Current review discussed the insights in artificial intelligence and its various applications in fruit production.
Status of Morphological and Physico-chemical Properties of Balh Valley Soils of Mandi District of Himachal Pradesh in North Western Himalayas India
Authors: Kumar Ravinder , Kumari Priyanka
Published: April 2022

Background: Himachal Pradesh (India) lying in North West Himalayas were studied for their morphological, physical and chemical properties. Himachal Pradesh, is a mountainous region spread over an area of 55,673 km² with elevation ranging from 350 to 6,500 meters above mean sea level noticeably increased from west to east and south to north. For agricultural planning, development and the sustainable use of natural resources. The state has been categorized into four agro-climatic situations viz. low hills, mid hills sub humid, high hills temperate and high hills dry temperate. However, considerable variations exist within each zone, owing to soil type and local preferences resulting into diversified farming situations. Methods: A six profile sites of soils were collected randomly from vegetable and cereals growing areas falling under midhill zone. After collecting soil samples, these were air dried and analyzed for physical and chemical properties. The study determined the level of availability of nutrients and know the fertility status of studied areas. Result: The results show that soils are deep, well drained, silty loam to silty clay loam with dark brown to brownish yellow in colour. No gravels were noticed upto 0.6 m depth and the soil consistency was firm to loose. Few to many black brown concretions were observed only in rice growing soils. Silty loam was the dominant texture of the soils irrespective of soil depth. Coarse sand fraction was more in all soil profiles. Macro and micronutrients contents were higher under the vegetable growing soils than paddy and maize growing soils. In none of the soils except Dhangu, illuviation of clay had been observed. The values of bulk density, particle density and porosity were variable depending upon organic carbon and other soil characteristics. The soils were slightly acidic to neutral in reaction, medium to high in organic carbon and moderate in available N, P and K status. The DTPA-extractable Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn were also high in these soils. Similarity in the colour and texture in most of the soils indicated the dominant influence of parent material.
Green Pea Pod Residue-As an Alternative Feeds for Dairy Animals: A Review
Authors: Lata Manju , Mondal B.C.
Published: April 2022

Livestock gives a substantial contribution in sustaining rural economy and livelihood and up liftment of socio-economic status of rural people. The contribution is nearly 4.11 per cent to total GDP and 25.6% of total Agriculture GDP. Present livestock population of 535.78 million registered an increase of 4.6% over Livestock Census 2012. In India availability of feed stuffs both in quantitative and qualitative forms has been the major constraint for sustaining positive growth in Indian livestock sector. Latest estimate on demand-supply gap in fodder availability shows a net deficit of 30.65% green fodder and 11.85% dry crop residues in year 2020. Pea seeds are regarded as a highly valuable protein source for nutrition due to their high protein content (about 22-24%) which is intermediate between cereals and oil meals. Empty pea pods have been reported to contain 19.8% crude protein and 1.0% ether extract, rich in total soluble sugars (35.8%), total phenolics (9.4%) and macro and micro minerals. The digestion kinetic parameters for dry matter revealed that pea pods had 82.3 per cent degradable fractions and 68-69 per cent effective and true degradability. In India, total quantity of green pea pods available on annual basis accounts to 68.5×103 tones. Pea pods are relished by ruminants and are highly palatable with high nutritive value and an effective method of utilization of pea waste after removal of pea grains from pea pods as complete feed in ruminant animals.
Potentials Distribution and Origin of Lablab [Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet]: A Review
Authors: Aleme Melkam
Published: April 2022

The review summarizes the potential, distribution and origin of Lablab purpureus. Forage legume has potentials for the production and productivities of arable land by suppling nitrogen for the living organisms in the soil those allowed to obtain their own feed in the symbiotic relationships. Further the soil become fertile for the next cropping season even at the time of intercropping the yield would be improved than mono-cropping systems. It also supplies the protein requirement of livestock and human consumption as vegetable or as seed sources. It is summer growing annual trifoliate forage legume. The origin of lablab is considered to be in Africa because in large parts of tropical Africa wild type cultivated lablab exists. Then it is heavily distributed to the corner side of the continent and Southeast Asia for seed and vegetable production. Even though the origin and distribution of lablab initiated in the African continent the applicability and degree of uses of the species were not well recognized across countries in the continent. Therefore further conservation and evaluation of this dual purpose species give priority by governmental and non-governmental bodies.
On-station and On-farm Evaluation of Three Exotic Breeds of Chicken in Homa District of West Wollega, Ethiopia
Authors: Tola Chali Terefe , Abate Wasihun Hassen , Demeke Solomon
Published: April 2022

Background: Poultry production has an important economic, social and cultural benefit and plays a significant role in family nutrition in countries. Ninty six percent of the total national poultry products (eggs and meat) are contributed by the indigenous chickens kept under village management system, indicating that the poultry industry is still in its infancy (CSA 2017). Methods: This study was conducted to evaluation of three breeds of exotic chickens during 2017 to 2019 in Homa District of West Wollega Zone of Oromia Regional State located 501 km west of Addis Ababa. A total of 270 (90 of each of SasooT44, Koekoek and Dominant Red Barred) chicks were obtained from Jimma university hatchery and transported to the study area. At the end of the brooding period, 18 growers (4 females and 2 males of each breed) were delivered to 12 purposively selected farmers and evaluated for production performance. Result: The results of the on-farm study showed that the mean live body weight attained (2.48 kg/head) by SasooT44, under scavenging conditions was significantly higher (P less than 0.05) than the others, followed by that of Koekoek breed of chickens. Generally, the results of this study indicated that the production performances of SasooT44 and Koekoek breed of chickens was significantly higher than that of Dominant Red Barred, indicating that both of these two breeds of chickens seem to be promising under the current local scavenging conditions of Ethiopia with similar climatic conditions to that of Homa district.
Evaluation of Serum Biochemical Profile in Heifer and Adult Sahiwal Cows Reared in Maharashtra
Authors: Jagtap A.V. , Mane S.H. , Narwade V.E.
Published: April 2022

Background: The Sahiwal cattle, one of the best dairy breeds of Zebu cattle in India and Pakistan, originated from the Montgomery district of Pakistan. The performance of this breed in the tropical environment is also better than other cattle breeds. Now a day Sahiwal is choice of farmers in Maharashtra as it is a milch type breed mostly preferred for Deshi cow milk production and for organic farming. Blood profile of an individual is an important indicator of an individual’s well-being. Normal blood levels of various biochemical components are essential for normal function of various systems in the body including reproductive system. Hence, the current study was aimed to evaluate of serum biochemical profile of Sahiwal cows reared in Pune district of Maharashtra. Pune district of Maharashtra comes under western Maharashtra plain zone with Grayish black soils. The annual rainfall ranges from 150 to 700 mm. Soils formed from trap rock are grayish black in colour and varying texture. The natural vegetation is of shrub. The area mostly grows paddy, sugarcane, pearl millet, sorghum and groundnut. Methods: Serum biochemical profile of Sahiwal heifers and cows were evaluated at different stages i.e. below 1 year heifer, above 1 year heifer, early lactating cow, mid lactating cow, late lactating cow, dry pregnant cow and dry non pregnant cows. Total seventy (70) animals was selected i.e. ten (10) animals from each group stage. All animals were maintained under standard feeding and management conditions. The blood samples of selected cows were collected by puncturing in jugular vein in heparinized vacationer tubes. Analysis of serum profile of 70 blood samples were carried out by using automatic blood analyzer machine (Miura 200 I.S.E. group, Italy). Result: The concentrations of serum cholesterol, glucose, triglyceride, uric acid, calcium, phosphorus, copper, zinc, total protein, globulin, A: G ratio ALP, ALT and AST were significant in different stages of Sahiwal cows. The non-significant difference was observed in different stages of Sahiwal cows in regards to serum concentration of amylase, bilirubin direct, bilirubin total, creatinine, urea, albumin, magnesium, iron and GGT.
Bioactive Compounds, Antioxidant Activity and Mineral Content of Common Bean Varieties Grown in Tabasco, Mexico
Authors: Florvil F. , Márquez-Quiroz C. , de-la-Cruz-Lázaro E. , Osorio-Osorio R. , Sánchez-Chávez E.
Published: April 2022

Phaseolus vulgaris is the most important legume for its nutritional value and health benefits in Mexico. In this research mineral content, bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of 18 bean collections were analyzed. Different grain beans were collected in rural communities in 12 municipalities of the state of Tabasco, Mexico and carried out from March to June 2018. They were analyzed for mineral content (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn and Ni), proximal bromatological analysis (ash, crude fat, crude fiber and protein), phenolic compounds content (total phenols, flavonoids and anthocyanins) and antioxidant activity. The contents of zinc were low in all bean collections; additionally, collections C104, C109 and C113 recorded the highest concentration of total phenols (55.45 mg GA g-1), flavonoids (1.46 mg CE g-1) and anthocyanins (2.87 mg C3G g-1) and antioxidant capacity (91.05%) respectively. This study has shown that common bean varieties grown in the state of Tabasco have high biological and antioxidant potential that could be beneficial to human health when consumed as nutraceutical foods.
Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) Detection and Validation of Linked Markers Associated with Yellow Mosaic Virus Resistance in Urdbean [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] in Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Naik D. Vijay Kumar , Reddy B.V. Bhaskara , Srividhya Akkari , Devi R. Sarada Jayalakshmi , Prasanthi L. , Vemireddy Lakshminarayana R.
Published: April 2022

Background: The YMD is one of the serious viral diseases in blackgram and is being transmitted by whitefly (Bemisia tabaci). The development of YMV resistant blackgram varieties is one of the important aspects for sustainable blackgram production. Marker assisted selection and genetic transformation could be utilized in developing YMV resistant blackgram genotypes. Methods: We attempted to map the QTLs governing YMV resistance in blackgram employing parents i.e., PBG32 (susceptible) and PU31 (resistant). Parental polymorphic studies were conducted using 147 SSR markers and genotyping and phenotyping data were used for QTL mapping. The markers, CEDG097 and CEDG172 that flanked to qYMV1 QTL were validated in 25 blackgram genotypes. Result: SSR markers showed 16% polymorphism between the parents. By using F2 genotypic data, genetic linkage map was constructed and total genetic map length observed was 335.47 cm. Single QTL (qYMV1) for YMV tolerance was detected and located between markers CEDG097 and CEDG172 with LOD score value of 2.76. The PVE by qYMV1 is 13.10% and the QTL is tightly linked (0 cM) to the left flanking marker CEDG97, which denotes a major QTL. Genotyping of the 25 known blackgram genotypes employing CEDG097 and CEDG172 markers, CEDG097 showed 91% linkage in known resistant and susceptible varieties to the YMV disease reaction and CEDG172 exhibited 74% linkage in known varieties to the YMV disease reaction. The resistance alleles (PU31 allele) of both markers i.e. CEDG097 and CEDG172 were recorded in VBN7, LBG922, LBG933 and TBG130-1 hence, these genotypes can be considered as potent YMV resistant varieties and also can be used as donor parents in resistance breeding programmes.
Groundwater Quality Assessment for Anantapur District of Andhra Pradesh for Irrigation Purpose
Authors: Subbaiah P. Venkata , Krishna Y. Radha , Kaledhonkar M.J.
Published: April 2022

Background: Assessment and mapping of quality of irrigated groundwater may help the farmers in selection of suitable crops and other agronomic management practices for getting profitable yields without affecting the soil health. The spatial maps of different parameters, prepared using GIS could be valuable for policy makers. Methods: A survey was undertaken during the year 2021 to assess the quality of groundwater for irrigation in various mandals of Anantapur district, Andhra Pradesh. A total of 492 samples were collected and GPS locations of sampling points were recorded. The water samples were analyzed for various chemical properties viz., pH, EC, Ca+2, Mg+2, Na+ and K+; CO3-2, HCO3-, Cl- and SO4-2. Result: The pH, EC, SAR and RSC in groundwater ranged from 6.7-8.4, 0.4-10.7 (dSm-1), 0.43-36.4 (mmol l-1)1/2, -66.8-15.4 (me l-1). The concentration of cations viz., Ca+2, Mg+2, Na+ and K+ varied from 0.8-28.4, 0-43.2, 0.73-70.1 and 0.001-51.76 me l-1 with mean values of 4.23, 3.86, 5.29 and 0.22 me l-1 respectively. Concentration of anions viz., CO3-2, HCO3-, Cl- and SO4-2 varied from 0-1.8, 0.88-15.4, 0.4-59.6 and 0.21-17.08 me l-1 with an average values of 0.22, 6.42, 5.33 and 2.29 me l-1 respectively.
Phosphorus Deficiency Induced Physiological and Antioxidant Response in Mungbean
Authors: Reddy Bana Venkata Ravi Prakash , Aski Muraleedhar S. , Dikshit Harsh Kumar , Mishra Gyan Prakash , Yadav Prachi S. , Rai Neha , Pandey Renu , Singh Madan Pal
Published: April 2022

Background: Phosphorus (P) is the essential nutrient required for the growth and development of plants. P deficiency mainly leads to dark green foliage, alteration of root architectural traits and higher root to shoot ratio in plants. Further P deficiency results in enhancement of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby it leads to oxidative damage to plant cells. Plants have developed the mechanisms like production of antioxidants to overcome this effect. Methods: In the present study, 18 genotypes were evaluated under a hydroponic system with normal and low P levels. After 21 days, the seedlings were used for investigating the physiological and antioxidant activity response of genotypes under normal and low P condition. Result: The mean values of traits chlorophyll concentration, root dry weight, root to shoot ratio, H2O2, FRAP and DPPH were significantly higher under low P condition compared to normal P condition. The correlation and principal component analysis revealed that the traits RDW and TDW are major contributors to variation and could be used for P deficiency screening in mungbean. Based on major contributing traits of variation, the genotypes PUSA 1333 was identified as an efficient genotype and could be used in P use efficiency improvement in mungbean.
​​Evaluation of Dry Bean Cultivars in Turkey for Resistance against Common Bacterial Blight Disease
Authors: Belete Tibebu , Bastas Kubilay Kurtulus , Ceyhan Ercan
Published: April 2022

Background: Common bacterial blight (CBB) caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (Xap) has been recorded as one of the most important seed-borne destructive diseases of beans, affecting its production worldwide. Since chemical compounds cause serious damage to natural ecosystems and in some instances fail in controlling CBB, the use of genetically resistant cultivar is the most economically efficient and environmentally friendly measure in the control of CBB disease. The objective of this study was to assess the resistance reactions of widely grown and popular common bean cultivars against Xap under controlled conditions. Methods: In this study, 16 dry bean cultivars comprising eight widely grown dry bean varieties, six improved and promising genotypes and two known CBB susceptible varieties, were evaluated for their reaction to the CBB in a completely randomized design with three replications. The reaction of the bean cultivars to Xap was assessed using disease incidence, disease severity, per cent severity index, the area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) and incubation period. Result: Data analysis indicated that there were highly significant differences (p≤0.01) among common bean cultivars for CBB disease incidence, disease severity, per cent severity index and AUDPC among cultivars. The cultivated varieties Noyanbey and Özmen were identified as resistant cultivars. In addition, SAP6 and BAC6 resistance genes were found in these two cultivars. As a consequence, it was thought that these cultivars could be a potential source of disease resistance for CBB in breeding programs and sustainable, eco-friendly and good agricultural practices.