bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Comparison and Analysis of Low-Temperature Economizer Configuration Scheme
Authors: Liu Yan Feng , Wang Peng Cheng , Zhang Shao Shan
Published: March 2014

Low temperature economizer is an efficient way to recover the flue gas waste and to improve the efficiency of the boiler. Several basic layout of low temperature economizer are introduced in this paper. Layout is divided into flue gas side arrangement and water side arrangement. In this paper, combined with the parameters of a 600 mw, the economy of the different configuration is calculated and compared.
Research on Fire Power Distribution Model of Shore Support Based on PSGA
Authors: Li Xiang Yang , Ji Wan Feng , Xu Hai Feng , Pan Chang Peng
Published: March 2014

As for the two main limitations as partial constringency and convergence hysteresis of Genetic Algorithms (GA), predatory search is introduced and Predatory Search Genetic Algorithms (PSGA) based on GA is designed to enhance the integrate ability of hunting. The concepts of fire support platform and target fitness are introduced, and fire power distribution model based on fire support fitness coefficient is built. The improved PSGA is applied to fire power and emulation experiment is done. The result of emulation shows the validity of the improved algorithm.
Finite Element Analysis for Static Stiffness of a Crankshaft Grinding Machine Tool
Authors: Guo Ting Ting , Sun Teng Jiao , Shao Fang
Published: March 2014

Taking a grinding machine tool as an example, this paper obtained the static stiffness of the machine tool by finite element analysis method. The structure and technical parameters of the machine tool were introduced at first.Then, the finite element model of the machine tool was established. The static stiffness of the machine tool in x-, y-, and z-directions were simulated at last. The results show that, the static stiffness in x-direction is 2.0062×107 N/m, the static stiffness in y-direction is 0.821×107 N/m, and the static stiffness in z-direction is 0.2992×107 N/m. This paper provides advices for structure optimization of the machine tool which is convenient for improving the machining accuracy.
Design and Application of Analysis Software for Relay Protection Action Based on PAS
Authors: Gao Nan Nan , Niu Lin , Pei Ying , Li Hong Bo , Zhan Jie
Published: March 2014

This paper applies the theory of expert system to analysis for relay protection action based on PAS. And it also summarizes various rules according to the experience of operating personals and relay protection personals for several years. All these rules are suitable for 110kV and 66kV regional networks. This paper not only analyzes three-phase current protection, zero-sequence current protection, distance protection etc, but also discusses some special situations such as under voltage lockout over-current protection for transformer, remote backup protection etc.
Research and Design for Cascade SVG Control System
Authors: Zhang Y.C. , Yang Q. , Huo L.J. , Zhang Y.F. , Hu X. , Qian S.B. , Li B.
Published: March 2014

This paper researchs alternating current decoupling control and DC capacitor voltage balance control for cascade SVG. The DC capacitor voltage balance control method has advantages of good stability and wide regulation range which uses the active voltage vectors of each module. The active voltage vector only change the active power of each module without affecting the reactive power. Experimental results show that the system can accurately compensate the reactive load, and has good performance in the steady state and dynamic adjustment.
Transient Response Enhancement with Fast Transient Controller for Capacitor-Less LDO Regulator
Authors: Chi Shang Sheng , Hu Wei , Fan Ming Hui , Xu Yu Sen , Chen Guo Lin
Published: March 2014

This paper presents a capacitor-less CMOS low dropout regulator (LDO) with a push-pull class AB amplifier, and a fast transient controller to achieve a better transient response. The undershoot/overshoot voltage and the settling time are effectively reduced. Through the theoretical analysis of the circuit, cadence simulation with SMIC 0.18μm process and under the condition of the input voltage range 1.4~4 V shows the output voltage is 1.2 V, with the fast controller the total quiescent current is 8.2 μA, the undershoot /overshoot voltage is 97 mV/47 mV and the settling time is 0.3 μs as load current suddenly changes from 1 to 100 mA, or vice versa. Compared with this paper without fast transient controller, the undershoot voltage, the overshoot voltage and the settling time are enhanced by 30%, 64% and 80%, respectively.
Design of Image Transmission Platform Based on FPGA and USB
Authors: Zhang Bo Ya , Yang Xiao Hui
Published: March 2014

This paper designed an image transmission based on FPGA and USB platform, it can complete the verification function of the image acquisition. The image data was stored in the external SDRAM of the FPGA, using Nios II to control each module, it was sent to PC through the UAB bus used CY7C68013A chip and displayed on LabVIEW. In the process of data transmission, the DMA technology accelerated the speed of transmission and reduced the rate of CPU utilization. After experiments, this platform accomplished the functions of image acquisition, image processing and binocular positioning; it has a simple, intuitive display and good compatibility characteristics.
On the Method of Extracting Parameters of Softwood Growth Ring
Authors: Zhao Lei , Wang Jian Hua , Li Xiao Feng
Published: March 2014

The extraction of value of annual ring characteristics parameters plays a vital role in the experiment of identifying tree species and the extraction accuracy can greatly affect the result. Method of color control image graying is used in the pretreatment of images of annual ring. The image being grayed is smoothed for better treatment results. 6 kinds of characteristics parameters of annual ring images segmented are extracted. Results show that better results can be achieved using this method.
Research on the Influence of Oil Bulk Modulus on Performance of the Hydraulic System Coupling
Authors: Jing Li , Gu Li Chen , Sun Yu
Published: March 2014

With closed hydraulic transmission system at Step condition as the research object,the dynamic model of variable pump driving variable motor is established under the AMESim software to study the influence of the effective bulk modulus of fluid on coupling characteristics of the hydraulic system. The simulation results show that the greater the bulk modulus is, the smaller the pressure fluctuations and the power loss are, and the faster the motor response speed is, which instructions that reasonable choice of fluid the bulk modulus can improve the stability of the hydraulic system. This paper provides theoretical guidance for the hydraulic system design and analysis of the dynamic quality of hydraulic equipment.
A Novel Synthesis of Acyclovir Polyphosphates via Acyclovir Phosphoropiperidate Intermediate
Authors: Li Xing Jian , Gong Shan Shan , Sun Qi
Published: March 2014

A novel and efficient method for the preparation of acyclovir diphosphate and triphosphate has been developed. Phosphitylation, acid-catalyzed hydrolysis, and oxidative coupling with piperidine yielded acyclovir phosphoropiperidate benzyl ester intermediate in excellent yield. Acyclovir polyphosphates were synthesized in good yields by using the phosphoropiperidate/DCI system.
Research on Mechanical Dynamics in DC Servo Motor Adjustment System Based on Applied Technology
Authors: Wang Hong Ying , Liu Bin
Published: March 2014

This article has made the mathematical model and simulation, and provides the reliable theory basis for practical application of speed adjustment, through the research on DC servo motor adjustment system, and analysis of dynamic and static characteristics of Single loop with current positive feedback and voltage negative feedback speed adjustment system.
The Analysis and Research of Robust Performance Based on the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Linear Motor
Authors: Wang Xing Ju
Published: March 2014

The disturbance attenuation control of the permanent magnet synchronous linear motor is studies in this paper, and its good stability is proved theoretically, using step response and MATLAB simulation the disturbance attenuation control strategy is analyzed in the sense of the gain. The simulation results of the feedback control is not only stability, but also in 0.001 seconds can make this permanent magnet synchronous linear motor system stabilizes quickly, with very good performance and stability.
Mechanism Study on the Impact of Low Pressure Accumulator with Mechanical Mechanics to Hydraulic Impactor
Authors: Cao Zhong Yi , Huang Xiang Yang , Wu Wan Rong
Published: March 2014

To investigate the impact of low pressure accumulator to the performance of hydraulic impactor, mathematic model of hydraulic impactor was established. By application of AMESim, The simulation models of hydraulic impactor with low pressure accumulator and hydraulic impactor without low pressure accumulator were obtained. After model calculation, the displacement, velocity of the piston and the return pressure were shown in figures. Rationality of the simulation system was verified by the compare between simulation results and experimental results. The simulation results show that low pressure accumulator can increase the impact energy and frequency of hydraulic impactor in a small degree and reduce the impact of return pressure significantly. Article provides theory basis for the designation of hydraulic impactor.
Test and Application of High Performance Concrete
Authors: Tan Ping , Zhao Yan Min , Meng Qiu Hong
Published: March 2014

The durability of high performance concrete is the main index of design. design.With the high durability, the high volume stability,the high compressive strength and the good workability, high performance concrete widely used in high-rise buildings, large-span Bridges, offshore in the construction of buildings, roads, etc.This paper prepared with different water/cement ratio of high performance concrete and tested the concrete workability, mechanical properties, durability.High performance concrete need preparate with low water/cement ratio, choose high quality raw materials,adding a sufficient number of mineral admixtures and high-performance admixture. Useing the high strength and high performance concrete can decrease the size of cross section, lose weight, gain greater economic benefits.
Mechanical Mechanics and Application of High Speed On/Off Valve to Feeding System of Hydraulic Drilling Rig
Authors: Wu Wan Rong , Xu Zhi
Published: March 2014

Feeding pressures control of hydraulic drilling rig is a critical technology of drilling quality. In order to control feeding pressure accurately during hydraulic drilling rigs working, A new feeding system was proposed, based on the cartridge valve controlled by high speed on/off valve. Feeding pressure was exported proportionally via control of high speed on/off valves input PWM signal. Its model was built by AMESim software, to analyze characteristics of the cartridge valve and research the feeding systems response to pressure-commanded signal. The results show that the feeding pressure can be regulated proportionally and the control performance of the feeding pressure can be improved by increasing moderately PWM signals frequency, which provides a reliable reference for further optimization of hydraulic system of drilling rig.
Dynamic Analysis of Hammer Buffer System Using Pseudo-Bond Graph Simulation Method
Authors: Hu Jun Ping , Li Ke Jun , Zhu Hua Dong
Published: March 2014

The buffer device of hydraulic piling hammer is a power source coupling the thermodynamic , mechanical and hydraulic domains. Traditional modeling techniques usually focus on the single-domain systems. Equations of multi-energy domains must be connected by the intermediate variables , but the complexity o f thermodynamic dynamics restricts this modeling method. In th is paper, bond graph model of the buffer system including multi-energy domains was developed in a unified way, the dynamic simulation was studied and the experimental results validate the modeling method.
Studies on the Effect of Altitude on the Flammable Liquids' Flash Point
Authors: Tang Yan Fei , Ding Chao , He Ya Ping , Zhou De Chuang , Wang Jian
Published: March 2014

Presented in this paper is part of an experimental series conducted at different altitudes to investigate the influence of altitude on the flammable liquids flash point. The BS-1 closed bomb apparatus is used to measure the flash points of two flammable liquids (dimethylacetylamide (DMA) and RP-5 Jet A) in a hypobaric chamber under the altitude change from 4860 km to the sea level. The experimental results show that the flash points of DMA and Jet A decrease linearly with the increase in altitude in the low altitude region below the corresponding critical altitudes but non-linearly above. The critical altitudes for DMA and RP-5 Jet A are found to be 3 km and 3.83 km respectively. When the altitude reaches or surpasses the critical altitude, the flash point decreases rapidly. In particular, the flash point of the DMA exhibits a peculiar sudden transition above the critical altitude.
Study of Ecological Environment on Assessment Model of Ecosystem Damage Caused by Oil Spill in Ocean
Authors: Liu Wei Feng , Zhang Shu Xia , Liu Wei , Zhou Ling Ling
Published: March 2014

An ecosystem damage assessment model is built in the paper based on the features of marine ecosystem service damages caused by oil spill and traits of ecosystem service after restoration. The ecosystem damages caused by oil spill are mainly reflected in the following six services, namely, the fishery resource supply, gas regulation, waste disposal, disaster defense, entertainment and biodiversity conservation as well as the restoration expense of respective damage. The damage degree of oil spill to each service of marine ecosystem differs, and the recovery time and speed of respective service also vary. According to the change of service value after being damaged, the damage amount of each service is expressed as an integral function of original value, damage degree and recovery speed. Based on the natures and features of each assessment indicators, the method of environmental economics which can judge its original value is selected, and the ecological scale which can measure the damage degree and recovery speed is determined. Expense statistics method is adopted to monetize ecological restoration indicators.
Analysis of the Atmospheric Visibility in Nanchang City and the Main Effect Factors
Authors: Wang Jing Lan , Yan Xi Feng , He Su , Liu Feng
Published: March 2014

The performance of atmospheric visibility at Nanchang, China was studied in this paper. The relationship between atmospheric visibility and the meteorological elements was analyzed using statistical method based on those data of Nanchang atmospheric visibility and the observed record of ground meteorological elements from 1990 to 2012. The relationship between the major air pollutants and the atmospheric visibility also was researched according to the air pollutant monitoring data from 2006 to 2012. The result shows that Nanchang atmospheric visibility has the characteristics of obvious inter-annual variability, Rose and diurnal variation; the visibility was significantly negatively correlated to relative humidity; there was weakly negative correlation between the air pollutants SO2, NOx concentration and the visibility.
Research on Views of Energy and Design Technology for Green Building
Authors: Zhang Peng
Published: March 2014

The protection of the ecological sustainable development, create the fine environment for human survival is the basic task of the architecture of the twenty-first Century. The green building research and practice is put forward for the realization of this goal. This paper firstly introduces he principle of a virtuous cycle of ecological system of green building system, and then analyzes the present situation of green building and future development trend. Finally, the green building concept of energy, design view and technology view are proposed.
Influence of Compact Clay Layer on the Seepage Performance of the Municipal Solid Waste Landfills
Authors: Fan Jing Jing
Published: March 2014

The pollutants in the municipal solid waste landfill leachate result in severe damage to the environment of the groundwater and the soil beneath the municipal solid waste landfill. The liner systems with a low leakage performance are commonlly adopted under the municipal solid waste landfills to stop the contaminants of the leachate from polluting the environment. Even there are the rigorous demands in related specifications for the design of the liner system in the landfill. Pollution of the groundwater and the soil beneath the landfill still occurred in a large number of rubbish landfills because of the seepage. To investigate the influence of the compact clay layer (CCL) on the seepage performance of the liner systems, parametric analyses are conducted to study the influence of the thickness of CCL and the hydraulic conductivity of CCL on the leakage performance of the liner system. In conclusion, some suggestions for the design of the municipal solid waste landfills are proposed based on the analyses results.
Applied Information Technology in Graphics Algorithm Implementation Based on the Web Canvas
Authors: Liu Wen Tao
Published: March 2014

The canvas in the HTML5 provides very powerful ability to realize complex graphics and image operations. It can be used for developing information application about graphics such as chart module, scientific computing visualization, drawing software, animation system and information visualization and so on. It will play an important role in the web game for PC or mobile platform because the HTML5 has the platform-independent feature. In this paper a system of graphics algorithm presentation is provided and it uses the prototype object and image data structure of canvas rendering context 2D model to define the custom function to implement the graphics algorithm. It demonstrates the realization process of the principle of graphics algorithms and it shows that the canvas has great flexibility and scalability characteristics.
Symmetrical Effective Medium Resistivity Model with Sorting for Sandy Conglomerate
Authors: Tang Xiao Min , Song Yan Jie , Cao Ya Nan , Deng Xin
Published: March 2014

Sandy conglomerate reservoir has the characteristics of poor sorting, complex pore structure, heterogeneity, and so sandy conglomerate oil layer is difficult to identify. In this paper, based on symmetrical effective medium conductance theory and poor sorting of grains of sandy conglomerate, a symmetrical effective medium resistivity model for sandy conglomerate reservoir is established by dividing sandy conglomerate reservoir into three components, including a non-conductive matrix, gas and water. The log data is processed and interpreted with the proposed model, and the interpretation result compared with gas production test data. It shows that the model is applicable to evaluate the fluid property of sandy conglomerate reservoirs.
Preparation and Dielectric Property of Al2O3 Surface Coating Modified BaTiO3/Polyimide Composite Film
Authors: Wang Ya Jun , Wu Xiao Juan , Feng Chang Gen
Published: March 2014

Polyimide (PI) was chosen as the matrix of the composite, barium titanate/polyimide (BT/PI) nanocomposite films were prepared by in situ polymerization. In order to improve the dispersion and the physical-chemical properties of BT surface, barium titanate was modified by Al2O3coating and modified BT/PI nanocomposite films were prepared. The prepared modified BT was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the dielectric properties of the composites were characterized in detail. It was shown that surface modification with Al2O3is the chemical process and there were new substances forming. When BT was modified by 10 wt% Al2O3, the dielectric constant of the composite film was 18.96 (103Hz), the loss tangent 0.005, breakdown strength 70 MV·m-1, energy storage density 0.41 J·cm-3. The dielectric constant of BT modified by Al2O3is decreased while the dielectric strength of the modified BT/PI composite film is increased.
Numerical Analysis on Heat Transfer and Oxidation Characteristics of High-Temperature Steam Pipes in Supercritical Units
Authors: Sun Pan Pan , Wang Shu Zhong , Li Yan Hui , Li Xue Dong
Published: March 2014

In this paper, for Super304H steel, the growth law of oxide films and the heat transfer characteristics between the pipe and the working fluid were investigated by using numerical software ANSYS, which simulated comprehensively the effects of pipe size, flow rates of steam, flue gas temperature, and steam temperature on the formation and thickness of the oxide film. A bigger pipe wall thickness, a smaller steam flow rate or a higher flue gas temperature will lead the faster growth of the oxide film thickness, the heat flux density through the wall being smaller and the wall temperature being higher. With increases in steam temperature and thickness of the oxide film, the heat flux through the wall decreases with a small amplitude, and the average temperature of tube walls increases slightly.
High Birefringence Liquid Crystals Mixtures and their Selected Applications
Authors: Raszewski Zbigniew , Piecek Wiktor , Jaroszewicz Leszek R. , Nowinowski-Kruszelnicki Edward , Perkowski Paweł , Soms Leonid , Dąbrowski Roman , Kędzierski Jerzy , Olifierczuk Marek , Mrukiewicz Mateusz , Miszczyk Emilia , Morawiak Przemysław , Mazur Rafał , Kowiorski Krystian
Published: March 2014

High-Birefringence Nematic Liquid Crystals Mixtures (HBNLCM) recently developed in the Military University of Technology (Poland) are presented in this paper. Dielectric, refractometric, viscosimetric and elastomeric characteristic were determined. The properties are discussed in terms of their applicability to electro-optical devices. Applying HBNLCM of LCM to space mission (Phobos Ground) applications for a space-borne laser rangefinder was developed, manufactured and tested under cooperation between Military University of Technology (MUT) in Poland and Vavilov State Optical Institute (Vavilov SOI) in Russia. Transmission T of Liquid Crystal Cell (LCC) at λ=1.064 μm was not smaller than 95% at the aperture diameter not less than 15 mm. Switching on and switching off times in 2.5 μm thick LCC driven by voltage 10 V were not larger than 0.7 ms. Applying HBNLCM of LCM3 to refractive index matched twisted Nematic Liquid Crystal Cell of type LCNP4 for Thomson diagnostics of dense plasma was developed, manufactured and tested under cooperation between MUT in Poland and the National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics in Russia. Transmission T of LCNP4 at λ=1.064 μm was not smaller than 97% at the aperture diameter not less than 30 mm. Switching on time in 2.5 μm thick LCNP4 driven by voltage 200 V was not larger than 3 μs. LCNP4 can easily tolerate 0.42 J/cm2.
Combustion Synthesis of (Ti,V)2AlC Solid Solutions
Authors: Yeh Chun Liang , Yang Wen Jung
Published: March 2014

(Ti,V)2AlC solid solutions with Al2O3 addition were produced by solid state combustion involving aluminothermic reduction in the mode of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS). Starting materials included Ti/V2O5/Al/Al4C3 and TiO2/V2O5/Al/Al4C3 powder mixtures. Attempts were made to obtain (Ti1-xVx)2AlC with a broad substitution percentage. Combustion exothermicity was increased by increasing V2O5 for the yield of a higher proportion of V at the substitution site, which not only increased the combustion temperature and reaction front velocity, but also facilitated the evolution of (Ti,V)2AlC. The Ti-containing samples showed higher reaction exothermicity and better product formation than those adopting TiO2. As a result, (Ti1-xVx)2AlC with x from 0.2 to 0.8 was produced from the samples composed of the Ti/V2O5/Al/Al4C3 mixture. The (Ti,V)2AlC/Al2O3 composites synthesized in this study exhibited a laminated microstructure with closely-stacked (Ti,V)2AlC slabs of about 0.30.8 μm.
HXD3/HXD3C Electric Locomotive's Potential Transformer Fault Analysis and Countermeasures
Authors: Wu Shu Feng
Published: March 2014

Since HXD3/HXD3C electric locomotive is put into use, the potential transformer cracks frequently. This paper summarizes several main reasons why HXD3/HXD3C electric locomotive potential transformer crack, and also proposes targeted solutions to promote the potential transformer reliability.
Multistage Inventory Control Research of Engineering Ships' Spare Parts
Authors: Wen Quan , Fan Shi Dong , Jiang Pan , He Shou Hui
Published: March 2014

This paper aims to using multistage inventory control theory to optimize traditional inventory control method, meanwhile, the spare parts supply of engineering ships are guaranteed and keep the cost in the lowest level. Moreover, in accordance with all kinds of construction task types to ensure the spare parts supply to satisfy engineering ships demand, and reduce the situation of shutdown unattended which is resulted by spare parts supply not in time.
Fluids Temperature Regulation Using Self-Adjustable Cables
Authors: Sarbu Ioan , Valea Emilian Stefan
Published: March 2014

To completely remove the water freezing in the outdoor pipes of hydroelectric plants and water supply systems and to prevent the water cooling in the pipes of domestic hot water supply system at low consumption or if water is stationary, could be used some modern regulation systems for water temperature. Also, radiant floor heating systems can use such systems. This paper presents the performance of a fluid temperature control system using self-adjustable cables. For this purpose it is performed a description of this system and provided some elements about structure and operating mode of heating cable, and some data about technical and performance characteristics of various heating cable types with different practical uses.
Combined Charts for the Mean and Variance
Authors: Park Hyo Il
Published: March 2014

In this study, we consider to propose combined control charts for the process mean and variance to control simultaneously. First of all, we review the existing combined control charts and then proposed new control charts based on the union-intersection test for the jointly likelihood ratio statistics. Also we adopt the Liptak combining function for another combined control chart. For those combined control charts, we use the fact that a series of the hypothesis tests is equivalent to the maintenance of control charts. In order to combine the two individual tests for the respective mean and variance, we utilize the p-values for each individual test. Then we discuss some interesting aspects of the combining charts.
Failure Mode Mitigation Process of Complex Products Orienting to the Achievement of RMS Index
Authors: Chen Zheng Ping , Yang De Zhen , Liu Lin Lin
Published: March 2014

Failure mode mitigation process is vague, unfocused, and its effects on RMS index are not clear for complex product development. Firstly, a complete failure mode mitigation closure process and an approach of failure mode mitigation basing on logic decision were proposed. Secondly, the effect models of failure mode mitigation on RMS index were established, and the decision model of the failure mode mitigation order through the rough set theory was put forward. Finally, an example of the fuel system is given to validate the approach and models. The paper proved that the relationship between the achievement process of RMS index.
New Detection Method for Gear Faults Based on Kernel Independent Component Analysis and BP Neural Network
Authors: Li Zhi Chun
Published: March 2014

Gearboxes are widely used in various kinds of applications. The normal operation of the gears contributes important roles on the machine performance. Due to harsh environment the rolling bearings are prone to failures. Hence, it is essential to detect the gear faults. However, the vibration signals of the gearbox are often contaminated, leading to deterioration of the fault diagnosis performance. To address this issue, a new approach is proposed based on the kernel independent component analysis (KICA) and BP neural network (BPNN). The KICA was used to extract sensitive signals to eliminate noise signals. Then a BPNN was adopted to detect the gear fault. To improve the fault identification, the Genetic Algorithm (GA) was adopted to optimize the BP parameters. Experiment tests using the gearbox fault simulator have been implemented. The test results show that the noise signals have been eliminated by the KICA and the GA-BPNN can detect the gear fault accurately. Moreover, through comparison with other existing methods, the proposed KICA-GA-BPNN produced the best detection rate of 93.7%.
Analysis of the Performance of Suppressing Interference of Double Stages Wiener Filter Based on Simulation Experiments
Authors: Ren An Min , He Lin
Published: March 2014

Measured data of hydrophone array could be interfered by underwater noise,so its essential to enhance the performance of suppressing interference for adaptive array processing. How to improve the performance of Double Stages Wiener Filter was discussed based on configuration principles. The influences of interference angle, array unit number and interference-to-noise ratio (INR) to suppressing interference have been analyzed through principle analysis and simulation experiments under different circumstances, including single or multiple disturb signals. Experiments show that the performance of suppressing interference depends on interference angle and INR more and array unit sum a little.
3D Cloud Simulation Technology in Flight Visual System
Authors: Zhang Zhi Chun , Li Song Wei , Lu Song Yan , Xu Wen , He Yun
Published: March 2014

The simulation technology of 3D cloud can be the ideal method to meet both making human visual scenes realistic and generating weather radar images in flight simulations. This paper describes a 3D cloud simulation method and technology that focuses in three aspects of cloud modeling, lighting and rendering. Firstly, the 3D cloud was modeled in a particle system to specify the atmosphere characteristics of cloud in natural world, then the textures were mapped to the particles to improve the cloud authentic and the lighting model was established to make the cloud environments realistic. Finally, the impostor technology was used to accelerate the rendering speed. The implementation on PC platform shows that the method and technology can generate realistic 3D cloud and the real time ability is satisfied.
The Control of Air Humidity and Temperature in Relationship with a Biowaste Composting Process
Authors: Lewicki Andrzej , Dach Jacek , Boniecki Piotr , Czekała Wojciech , Witaszek Kamil
Published: March 2014

Biowaste composting is one of the main technologies of waste management in Poland. Composting process run is influenced by many parameters which can accelerate or slow down the phenomena. However, there is no information about the influence of humidity of the air pumped to composted mass on process run. Thus, the aim of this paper is to analyze the influence of air humidity on parameters of composting process. The results have showed that there is no significant influence of the air humidity on a dynamics of composting process. Even in case when the difference in air humidity exceeded 60%, the temperature remained similar. The research proved utility of new kind of temperature sensors. Temperature analysis in the whole volume of composting chamber allows to control composting process in much more effective way.
Friction Stir and Gas Tungsten Arc Welding of ZM21 Magnesium Alloy
Authors: Kallipudi Hari Krishna , Sajja Rama Koteswara Rao , Veera Venkata Subba Rao
Published: March 2014

Magnesium alloy ZM21 plates were welded using friction stir welding, a solid state process and gas tungsten arc welding which is a fusion welding process. Defect free, full penetration welds were obtained after several trials using different process parameters. The effect of welding processes on mechanical properties of Mg-Zn-Mn joints were evaluated using tensile tests, bend test, vickers micro hardness measurements and optical microscopy. Welds produced by Friction stir welding process exhibited superior tensile properties compared to Gas Tungsten Arc Welding process. Hardness reduction in the weld metals were observed for both the welding techniques. Friction stir welds showed finer grains in the weld nugget and in the heat affected zone. Both types of welds exhibited good bend ductility comparable to that of the base material. It has been concluded that both the processes are well suited to obtain sound welds of the magnesium alloy ZM21 and Friction stir welding process offers stronger welds.
The Influence of pH Value on the NiCu Coating Synthesized by Electroplating
Authors: Yang Rui Song , Wang Hong , Liu Chun Hai
Published: March 2014

In this paper, the NiCu alloy coatings were electroplated on the 304 stainless steel coupon. The XRD was used to identify the phase structure of the as-prepared products. The SEM and EDS were used to observe the surface morphology of the as-prepared coatings and the atomic composition of the as-prepared coatings, respectively. The influences of the pH value on the as-plated NiCu coatings are systematically researched. It was found that the weak acid environment was beneficial to the deposition of nickel copper alloy. With the increasing of the pH value, the content of the copper decrease and that of nickel increase.
Tencel®/Low-Melting-Point Polylactic Acid Composite Nonwoven Fabrics: Manufacturing Technique and Property Evaluations
Authors: Lou Ching Wen , Lin Meng Chen , Lin Jia Horng
Published: March 2014

This study combines hydrophilic and soft Tencel®fibers and low-melting-point polylactic acid (LMPLA) fibers by needle-punching and hot press processes to form moisture-retentive and comfortable Tencel®/LMPLA composite nonwoven fabrics. Air permeability, water vapor transmission rate, softness, water content rate, and water loss rate tests are performed on the composite nonwoven fabrics. The experiment results show that when hot pressed at 130 and 150 °C, the Tencel®/LMPLA composite nonwoven fabrics have good water absorption, water retention, and softness, which can be concluded as successfully moisture-retentive and comfortable Tencel®/LMPLA composite nonwoven fabrics.
Study of Mechanical, Electromagnetic, and Crystalline Properties of PP/SEBS/GNs Nano-Composites
Authors: Lin Jia Horng , Song Xiao Min , Huang Chien Lin , Lou Ching Wen
Published: March 2014

Polypropylene (PP) and styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene triblock copolymer (SEBS) are blended at a ratio of 70/30 to serve as matrices, to which graphene nanosheets (GNs), the reinforcement, are then added to form PP/SEBS/GNs nanocomposites. A differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) test, tensile test, conductivity test, and electromagnetic interference shielding test are performed on the nanocomposites to examine the crystalline, mechanical, and electromagnetic properties. DSC results show that the content of GNs is proportional to the crystallization temperature of PP. The conductivity and electromagnetic inference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) increase with an increase in the content of GNs, and can reach an optimal 0.244 S/m and 22 dB, respectively. The results of a tensile test show that an increasing content of GNs results in a decrease and then an increase in the tensile strength of the nanocomposites, until it reaches optimal tensile strength is 17.44 MPa.
Resilience Property of Spacer Fabric Compounded PU Foam Composites
Authors: Lin Jia Horng , Li Ting Ting , Chuang Yu Chun , Huang Chen Hung , Lou Ching Wen
Published: March 2014

For purpose of saving energy and avoiding injuries, foam composite with excellent resilience property was successfully prepared consisting of inflame-retarding nonwoven, spacer fabric and PU/additive foam. Effects of foam density, additives (vermiculite, perlite) content and opening ratio of spacer fabric on resilience rate were explored respectively. Experimental result shows that 50 kg/m3foam density of PU foam had the lower resilience rate when containing 10 wt%-20 wt% vermiculites. Perlite P2 addition produced optimal resilience property comparing other types of additives in PU foam. Resilience rate decreased with increase of opening ratio of spacer fabric when containing 5 wt% additions.
Preparation and Sound Absorption Evaluation of PET/Kevlar/PU Foam Composite Boards
Authors: Lin Jia Horng , Huang Chen Hung , Chuang Yu Chun , Lou Ching Wen
Published: March 2014

Factories have increased the mechanical equipment on a mass scale as a result of quick growth of global industry, and the unbearable sounds that machines create while operating become noise. Therefore, versatility of building materials that are highly correlated to human habitat has been gaining attention. This study combines and then needle-punches fire-retardant polyester (PET) fibers and recycled Kevlar selvages to make PET/Kevlar nonwoven fabrics, which are then combined with Polyurethane (PU) foams, a product yielded after Polyol and Isocyanate (MDI) foam and cure, to form PET/Kevlar/PU foam composite boards. During the process, PET fibers and Kevlar fibers are blended with various ratios and the density of the PU foams is varied. The resilience rate, burst strength, and sound absorption of the resulting composite boards are tested. The test results show that increasing Kevlar selvages can heighten the resilience rate but decreases the burst strength of the composite boards.
Preparation and Properties of Porous Hydroxyapatite Ceramics by Three Dimensional Stacking with Homogeneous Fibers
Authors: Liang Lie Feng , Chen Jun Jie , He Yong , Li Dai Yang
Published: March 2014

A new technique to prepare macroporous hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds was introduced. Porous HA ceramics were prepared by sol-gel method from chitin dissolved in dimethylacetylamide (DMAc) / lithium chloride (LiCl) solvent, three dimensional stacking with HA gel fibers and pore agent. The blocks dried were heated to optimum sintering temperature of 1280°C. The porous HA ceramics reinforced by homogeneous fibers, with interconnected pores and high porosity and pore-diameter were obtained, whilst improving mechanical strength. Sintered ceramics were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). XRD analysis confirmed that the crystal structure remained HA. SEM showed the samples presented a highly interconnected porous reticulate structure with average pore size ranging from 340μm to 450μm. The porosity was varied from 61% to 83%. The maximum compressive strength of HA ceramic was 3.4MPa.The mechanical strength of samples was improved with addition of homogeneous fibers.
Manufacturing Techniques and Functional Properties of the Bamboo Charcoal/Antibacterial/Stainless Steel Metal Composite Woven Fabric
Authors: Lin Jia Horng , Yu Zhi Cai , Zhang Jian Fei , Lou Ching Wen
Published: March 2014

In this research, the B/A/S composite yarns were fabricated using the stainless steel wires as core yarn, antibacterial nylon and bamboo charcoal polyester filaments as inner wrapped yarn and outer wrapped yarn, respectively. The composite yarns with a wrapping number of 8, 11, 14 turns/cm were fabricated on a hollow spindle spinning machine. Furthermore, the composite fabrics were woven with the B/A/S composite yarns as weft yarns and the PET as the warp yarns. These fabrics were evaluated in terms of far infrared (FIR) emissivity and the air permeability. The presence of the bamboo charcoal was found to increase the FIR emissivity. The highest of the FIR emissivity was obtained when the weft yarns with a wrapping number of 11 turns/cm. The lamination numbers of the woven fabrics varied from 1-5 layers. The far infrared emissivity and air permeability of the woven fabrics was 0.94 and 268 cm3/cm2/s when the lamination numbers was 2 layers and the wrapping number was 11 turns/cm.
Evaluation of Static Impact Resistance in Nonwovens/Glass Plain Fabric Sandwich Structural Hybrid Laminates
Authors: Lin Jia Horng , Yan Ruo Si , Wang Rui , Wang Cheng , Lou Ching Wen
Published: March 2014

This paper reveals the manufacturing process and static impact resistance of sandwich structural hybrid laminates composed of high-resilience bonding polyester /Kevlar intra-ply hybrid nonwovens and E-glass woven fabric. The effects of various weight ratio of Kevlar fiber on the mechanical behaviors, including tensile strength, tear strength, bursting strength and puncture strength, were evaluated. The experimental results indicated that the tensile strength and fracture work were both enhanced with the increase in Kevlar content. The tear strength on CD and MD exhibited opposite trends when varying the Kevlar content. The static bursting and puncture resistances were both enhanced with the promotion of Kevlar content. The failure mechanisms of the breakages were also analyzed.
Electromagnetic Shielding Effectiveness and Manufacture Technique of Functional Metal Composite Knitted Fabrics
Authors: Lin Jia Horng , Yu Zhi Cai , Zhang Jian Fei , Lou Ching Wen
Published: March 2014

In order to fabricate fabrics with electromagnetic shielding effectiveness (EMSE) and other function, we fabricated Crisscross-section polyester /antibacterial nylon / stainless steel wires (CSP/AN/SSW) composite yarns with stainless wires as core yarn, antibacterial nylon and crisscross-section polyester as inner and out wrapped yarns, respectively. Knitted fabrics were fabricated with the metal composite yarns with wrap amount of 8 turns/cm on a circular knitted machine. Furthermore, the EMSE of the metal composite fabrics were evaluated by changing the lamination amounts and lamination angles. The results show that when the lamination amount was four, lamination angles were 0°/45°/90°/-45°, the EMSE of the fabrics reached to-10--20 dB in the frequency range of 300 KHz to 3 GHz.
Corrosion Behavior of Phosphate Conversion Coating on AZ31 Mg Alloy in 3.5% NaCl Solution
Authors: Cui Xue Jun , Liu Chun Hai , Yang Rui Song , Li Ming Tian , Lin Xiu Zhou
Published: March 2014

A duplex-layered phosphate conversion coating was obtained on AZ31Mg alloy through a phosphate bath with citric. Morphology, composition and corrosion behavior of the coating immersed into 3.5% NaCl solution for various time were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and electrochemical method. The results show that the coating is completely degraded after immersed in NaCl solution for 48h. The corrosion mediums mainly peel coating through the cracks among particles. The phosphate coating is damaged and falls out primarily, then the intermediate layer is degraded, and the substrate happens to dissolve with increasing of immersion time.
Effects of Foam Density and Content on Puncture Resistance and Cushioning Properties of PU/ Vermiculite Foam Composites
Authors: Lin Jia Horng , Li Ting Ting , Chuang Yu Chun , Huang Chen Hung , Lou Ching Wen
Published: March 2014

This study presents effects of foam density and vermiculite content of puncture resistance and cushion properties of PU/vermiculite foam composite for resisting against sharp objects and impact load. Results show that puncture resistance property improves significantly with foam density and slightly with increase of vermiculites. Cushion property becomes worse lower after vermiculite addition. With improvement of foam density, cushion property shows an uncertain trend. Besides, comparing with different contents of vermiculites, PU/vermiculite foam composite containing 5 wt% vermiculite has the lowest cushion property because vermiculite bonds with polar group among polar group among PU molecular.
Numerical Characteristic Length Model for Mechanical Composite Joints in Mechanical Manufacturing Engineering
Authors: Xu Zhi Xiang
Published: March 2014

According to the progressive damage analysis based numerical characteristic length scheme presented by Zhang, a progressive damage model established by Liu is adopted here to calculate characteristic lengths for mechanical composite joints. Four groups of specimens with different lay-ups and geometries were designed and fabricated and static tensile experiments were carried out to verify the suitability of the numerical characteristic length model. Good agreements between the predicted ultimate failure loads of the specimens and experimental outcomes are obtained. In addition, the characteristic lengths calculated from the experimental ultimate failure loads are in accordance with that obtained from numerical ultimate failure loads, which give evidence of the feasibility and suitability of the numerical characteristic length model.
The Design and Research on a Gas-Water Mix-Type Marine Fire Hydrant Based on Fluid Mechanics
Authors: Sun Tao , Zhang Zhi Qiang , Sun Chang Jiang , Ma Zheng Wei
Published: March 2014

The existing fire-extinguishing plants have a lot of problems. For example, the amount of extinguishant is very large, mix is uneven, extinguishant is easy to splash, harmful to the human, the system structure is complex, spray nozzle is demanding and so on. And the open literature sources on the marine fire hydrant are very few. Besides because of the difficulty of numerical simulation of two-phase flow, the research on numerical simulation of the marine fire hydrant is hardly any. In this thesis, a new-style marine fire hydrant is designed to be small volume, easy to use and low pressure lost. It blends the gas to water through its special structure. It regards the gas-water mixture as the extinguishant. In this way, the water flow can be soften, and reduce the splash. The extinguishant can overlay the burnable body uniformly. At last, reach the better extinguishant under the dual effect of the oxygen exclusion and cooling.
The Control of High Voltage Electrostatic Precipitator Based on EDA
Authors: Zhang Zi Sheng , Wang Yi , Wang Chun Sheng , Cui Jin , Liu Zhi Qiang
Published: March 2014

In order to achieve the automatic control of electrostatic precipitator (ESP) more efficiently and accurately, an ESP system combining hardware and software is designed. According to the requirement of the ESP system,the Electronic Design Automation (EDA) is introduced to the ESP control system and the system is divided into four modules.These sub-modules are designed and the simulation waveform of the system is ananalyzed,based on the Very-High-Speed Integrated Circuit Hardware Description Language (VHDL) programming language and Quartus software.The results show that the security, flexibility and reliabity of the system is improved by using EDA as the control ,which is a great value for generalization.
The Control of Constant Current Source in Electrostatic Precipitators Based on Microcontroller
Authors: Zhang Zi Sheng , Shi Xiao Dong , Liu Li Fang , Wang Zhan You , Song Deng Yuan
Published: March 2014

In order to improve the efficiency of electrostatic precipitators, a control system of constant current source based on Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) is designed. In the control process, we use the pulse signal from microcontroller P1 port as digital signals of the switch. By changing the number of contact closure control, we achieve steady flow output of different magnitude. By using closed-loop feedback control, we achieve constant monitoring of dust concentration and ensure it compliance with outlet concentration of national requirements. The results show that microcontroller control system has a strong anti-interference, high accuracy, ease of programming, etc. Used in the electrostatic precipitator, collection efficiency can be further improved.