bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Policy Suggestions for Supporting the Growth of Local Small Business in Daegu Metropolitan City
Authors:   National Association of Korean Local Government Studies, KIM DAE GEUN
Published: January 2024

Small business owners with 10 or fewer full-time employees are characterized by a focus on the domestic market, and thus have limitations in growth in sales and employment compared to general small and medium-sized businesses. This can be explained by applying the limitations of internal and external resources of small business owners, but fundamentally, there is a general assessment that the issue of digital transformation triggered by the emergence of COVID-19 and digital platforms has not been properly approached. In this environment, the government of the Republic of Korea announced the 2nd Basic Plan for Small Business Support (2023-2025) and developed a nurturing strategy for each stage of entrepreneurial small business growth to create a self-sustaining ecosystem in which small business owners can grow into innovative entrepreneurs, and the expansion and advancement of digital transformation for small business owners. A total of four strategic tasks were selected, including: This study was conducted to suggest support policies tailored to small business owners in Daegu Metropolitan City based on the two strategic tasks of the Korean government's basic plan for small business support (nurturing strategy for each growth stage of entrepreneurial small business owners and expansion and advancement of digital transformation for small business owners). To this end, we investigated the current status and actual conditions of small business owners, analyzed the central government's small business support policy and Daegu City's small business support policy to derive policies to support the growth of small business owners in Daegu Metropolitan City, and finally applied the AHP technique for experts to determine the policy. Priorities were derived. Experts who participated in this study indicated that the policy direction for the actual growth of small business owners in Daegu Metropolitan City is in the following order: ① digital conversion, ② market development, and ③ education and consulting.
Analysis of Healing Agriculture-Related RegulationsUsing Big Data Analytical Techniques
Authors:   National Association of Korean Local Government Studies, LEE SHIN JA , Kim Geun Hyeon , Moon Yea-Hwang , Lee Sung-Sill
Published: January 2024

This study was conducted to analyze ordinances related to healing agriculture using text mining. As a method, data was collected using Python using data provided by the National Law Information Center, and 84 healing agriculture ordinances operated by local and basic organizations were analyzed. Four analysis techniques were utilized, and first, the word cloud analysis showed that 'commissioner' and 'committee' were most frequently mentioned. This indicates that commissioners who are experts in healing agriculture play an important role in the implementation of healing agriculture ordinances. Mention of local government leaders such as 'mayor, county governor' was high, confirming that they select and empower commissioners. Next, the N-gram analysis showed that 'foster -> support' had the highest connection strength. This indicates that support is being provided in various ways, including research and development related to healing agriculture, necessary facilities, and human resource training. In the topic modeling analysis, 'experts' was the highest. It is judged to be important to train experts so that healing agriculture can be continuously activated. The CONCOR analysis showed that 'committee' had the highest connection strength and clustering, and it was confirmed that members with expertise and experience in healing agriculture formed a committee to contribute to its revitalization. Finally, as a limitation of the study, it is difficult to interpret the specificity of healing agriculture because the analysis is likely to be based on the formal characteristics of legal documents. However, it is judged to be of great significance that the study was conducted in a situation where there is a lack of ordinance research using text mining.
Signs of Similar Stellar Obliquity Distributions for Hot and Warm Jupiters Orbiting Cool Stars
Authors: Morgan Marvin , Bowler Brendan P. , Tran Quang H. , Petigura Erik , Nagpal Vighnesh , Blunt Sarah
Published: January 2024

Transiting giant planets provide a natural opportunity to examine stellar obliquities, which offer clues about the origin and dynamical histories of close-in planets. Hot Jupiters orbiting Sun-like stars show a tendency for obliquity alignment, which suggests that obliquities are rarely excited or that tidal realignment is common. However, the stellar obliquity distribution is less clear for giant planets at wider separations where realignment mechanisms are not expected to operate. In this work, we uniformly derive line-of-sight inclinations for 47 cool stars (T
eff < 6200 K) harboring transiting hot and warm giant planets by combining rotation periods, stellar radii, and

v
sin
i

measurements. Among the systems that show signs of spin–orbit misalignment in our sample, three are identified as being misaligned here for the first time. Of particular interest are Kepler-1654, one of the longest-period (1047 days; 2.0 au) giant planets in a misaligned system, and Kepler-30, a multiplanet misaligned system. By comparing the reconstructed underlying inclination distributions, we find that the inferred minimum misalignment distributions of hot Jupiters spanning a/R
* = 3–20 (≈0.01–0.1 au) and warm Jupiters spanning a/R
* = 20–400 (≈0.1–1.9 au) are in good agreement. With 90% confidence, at least

24

−
10

+
7

%

of warm Jupiters and

14

−
8

+
5

%

of hot Jupiters around cool stars are misaligned by at least 10°. Most stars harboring warm Jupiters are therefore consistent with spin–orbit alignment. The similarity of the hot and warm Jupiter misalignment rates suggests that either the occasional misalignments are primordial and originate in misaligned disks, or the same underlying processes that create misaligned hot Jupiters also lead to misaligned warm Jupiters.
Statistical Distribution Function of Orbital Spacings in Planetary Systems
Authors: Dietrich Jeremy , Malhotra Renu , Apai Dániel
Published: January 2024

The minimum orbital separation of planets in long-stable planetary systems is often modeled as a step function, parameterized with a single value

Δ

min

(measured in mutual Hill radius of the two neighboring planets). Systems with smaller separations are considered unstable, and planet pairs with greater separations are considered stable. Here we report that a log-normal distribution function for

Δ

min

, rather than a single threshold value, provides a more accurate model. From our suite of simulated planetary systems, the parameters of the best-fit log-normal distribution are μ = 1.97 ± 0.02 and σ = 0.40 ± 0.02, such that the mean, median, and mode of

Δ

min

are 7.77, 7.17, and 6.11, respectively. This result is consistent with previous estimates for

Δ

min

threshold values in the range ∼5–8. We find a modest dependence of the distribution of

Δ

min

on multiplicity within the system, as well as on planetary mass ratios of the closest planet pair. The overall distribution of nearest-neighbor planetary orbital spacings (measured in the mutual Hill radii and denoted simply as Δ) in long-term stable systems is also well fit with a log-normal distribution, with parameters μ = 3.14 ± 0.03 and σ = 0.76 ± 0.02. In simulations of sets of many planets initially packed very close together, we find that the orbital spacings of long-term stable systems is statistically similar to that in the observed Kepler sample of exoplanetary systems, indicating a strong role of sculpting of planetary architectures by dynamical instabilities.
Designing an Optimal Kilonova Search Using DECam for Gravitational-wave Events
Authors: Bom C. R. , Annis J. , Garcia A. , Palmese A. , Sherman N. , Soares-Santos M. , Santana-Silva L. , Morgan R. , Bechtol K. , Davis T. , Diehl H. T. , Allam S. S. , Bachmann T. G. , Fraga B. M. O. , García-Bellido J. , Gill M. S. S. , Herner K. , Kilpatrick C. D. , Makler M. , Olivares E. F. , Pereira M. E. S. , Pineda J. , Santos A. , Tucker D. L. , Wiesner M. P. , Aguena M. , Alves O. , Bacon D. , Bernardinelli P. H. , Bertin E. , Bocquet S. , Brooks D. , Carrasco Kind M. , Carretero J. , Conselice C. , Costanzi M. , da Costa L. N. , De Vicente J. , Desai S. , Doel P. , Everett S. , Ferrero I. , Frieman J. , Gatti M. , Gerdes D. W. , Gruen D. , Gruendl R. A. , Gutierrez G. , Hinton S. R. , Hollowood D. L. , Honscheid K. , James D. J. , Kuehn K. , Kuropatkin N. , Melchior P. , Mena-Fernández J. , Menanteau F. , Pieres A. , Plazas Malagón A. A. , Raveri M. , Rodriguez-Monroy M. , Sanchez E. , Santiago B. , Sevilla-Noarbe I. , Smith M. , Suchyta E. , Swanson M. E. C. , Tarle G. , To C. , Weaverdyck N.
Published: January 2024

We address the problem of optimally identifying all kilonovae detected via gravitational-wave emission in the upcoming LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA observing run, O4, which is expected to be sensitive to a factor of ∼7 more binary neutron star (BNS) alerts than previously. Electromagnetic follow-up of all but the brightest of these new events will require >1 m telescopes, for which limited time is available. We present an optimized observing strategy for the DECam during O4. We base our study on simulations of gravitational-wave events expected for O4 and wide-prior kilonova simulations. We derive the detectabilities of events for realistic observing conditions. We optimize our strategy for confirming a kilonova while minimizing telescope time. For a wide range of kilonova parameters, corresponding to a fainter kilonova compared to GW170817/AT 2017gfo, we find that, with this optimal strategy, the discovery probability for electromagnetic counterparts with the DECam is ∼80% at the nominal BNS gravitational-wave detection limit for O4 (190 Mpc), which corresponds to an ∼30% improvement compared to the strategy adopted during the previous observing run. For more distant events (∼330 Mpc), we reach an ∼60% probability of detection, a factor of ∼2 increase. For a brighter kilonova model dominated by the blue component that reproduces the observations of GW170817/AT 2017gfo, we find that we can reach ∼90% probability of detection out to 330 Mpc, representing an increase of ∼20%, while also reducing the total telescope time required to follow up events by ∼20%.
Influence of Jets on [O iii] Extensions in Green Pea/Bean Galaxies
Authors: Bhat Harshitha K. , Eckart Andreas , Misquitta Persis , Valencia-S. Monica , Yttergren Madeleine , Zensus Anton
Published: January 2024

We present a study investigating the influence of jets on galaxies exhibiting strong [O iii]λ5007 emission, known as Green Peas and Green Beans. Our sample comprised 12 nearby sources (z ∼ 0.04–0.1, six with jets and six without jets) with high [O iii] luminosity (L ∼ 1040 erg s−1), selected from a radio-selected galaxy sample observed with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and Radio Sky at Twenty-centimeters survey. We perform Large Binocular Telescope–Multi-Object Double Spectrograph long-slit spectroscopy at two position angles for each galaxy: one aligned with the jet direction and another perpendicular to it. By tracing the [O iii] emission along these slits, we aimed to assess the extension of the narrow line region and examine the impact of jets. Surprisingly, our analysis revealed no preferred direction for the extension of the [O iii] emission, indicating that jets have a limited influence on the extended emission line regions (EELRs). This also suggests the possibility of missed detection of conical-shaped EELRs aligned with the jets, attributable to our slit orientations. Furthermore, we compared the extension of [O ii] emission, which traces star-forming regions, with that of [O iii]. We observed a significant difference, with [O ii] exhibiting a considerably greater extension along the galactic plane. This suggests a stronger association of [O ii] emission with stellar processes.
Detectability of Late-time Supernova Neutrinos with Fallback Accretion onto Protoneutron Star
Authors: Akaho Ryuichiro , Nagakura Hiroki , Foglizzo Thierry
Published: January 2024

We investigate the late-time neutrino emission powered by fallback mass accretion onto a protoneutron star (PNS), using neutrino radiation-hydrodynamic simulations with full Boltzmann neutrino transport. We follow the time evolution of the accretion flow onto the PNS until the system reaches a quasi-steady state. A standing shock wave is commonly formed in the accretion flow, whereas the shock radius varies depending on the mass accretion rate and the PNS mass. A sharp increase in temperature emerges in the vicinity of the PNS (∼10 km), which characterizes neutrino emission. Both the neutrino luminosity and the average energy become higher with increasing mass accretion rate and PNS mass. The mean energy of the emitted neutrinos is in the range of 10 ≲ ϵ ≲ 20 MeV, which is higher than that estimated from PNS cooling models (≲10 MeV). Assuming a distance to core-collapse supernova of 10 kpc, we quantify neutrino event rates for Super-Kamiokande (Super-K) and Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE). The estimated detection rates are well above the background, and their energy-dependent features are qualitatively different from those expected from PNS cooling models. Another notable feature is that the neutrino emission is strongly flavor dependent, exhibiting that the neutrino event rate hinges on the neutrino oscillation model. We estimate them in the case with the adiabatic Mikheev–Smirnov–Wolfenstein model, and show that the normal and inverted mass hierarchy offer a large number of neutrino detections in Super-K and DUNE, respectively. Hence the simultaneous observation with Super-K and DUNE of fallback neutrinos will provide a strong constraint on the neutrino mass hierarchy.
DiSSCo Transition Abridged Grant Proposal
Authors: Koureas Dimitrios , Livermore Laurence , Addink Wouter , Alonso Eva , Alonso Jose , Casino Ana , Dusoulier François , Ferreira Vânia , Grieb Jonas , Groom Quentin , Islam Sharif , Kõljalg Urmas , Lymer Gaël , Marhold Karol , Paleco Carole , Pijls Stefaan , Scory Serge , Scott Ben , Weiland Claus , Worley Katharine
Published: January 2024

The Distributed System of Scientific Collections (DiSSCo) is a pan-European Research Infrastructure (RI) initiative. DiSSCo aims to bring together natural science collections from 175 museums, botanical gardens, universities and research institutes across 23 countries in a distributed infrastructure that makes these collections physically and digitally open and accessible for all forms of research and innovation. DiSSCo RI entered the ESFRI roadmap in 2018 and successfully concluded its Preparatory Phase in early 2023. The RI is now transitioning towards the constitution of its legal entity (an ERIC) and the start of its scaled-up construction (implementation) programme. This publication is an abridged version of the successful grant proposal for the DiSSCo Transition Project which has the goal of ensuring the seamless transition of the DiSSCo RI from its Preparatory Phase to the Construction Phase (expected to start in 2025). In this transition period, the Project will address five objectives building on the outcomes of the Preparatory Phase project:

1) Advance the DiSSCo ERIC process and complete its policy framework, ensuring the smooth early-phase Implementation of DISSCo;

2) Engage & support DiSSCo National Nodes to strengthen national commitments;

3) Advance the development of core e-services to avoid the accumulation of technical debt before the start of the Implementation Phase;

4) Continue international collaboration on standards & best practices needed for the DiSSCo service provision; and

5) Continue supporting DiSSCo RI interim governance bodies and transition them to the DiSSCo ERIC formal governance.

The Project’s impact will be measured against the increase in the RI's overall Implementation Readiness Level (IRL). More specifically, we will monitor its impact towards reaching the required level of maturity in four of the five dimensions of the IRL that can benefit from further developments. These include the organisational, financial, technological and data readiness levels.
Le magistère psychanalytique et l’indifférentisme démocratique
Authors: Donegani Jean-Marie
Published: January 2024

Toute société impose des normes à ses membres, compose des répertoires d’action liés à des statuts et des rôles. Les sociétés modernes, individualistes ne sont pas moins normées que les sociétés anciennes, holistes. Mais la nouveauté est que ces normes sont conçues comme étant au service du travail de construction de soi de chaque individu. Soutenu par le caractère immanentiste des sociétés libérales et démocratiques, aune borne n’est plus imposée à ce travail de la liberté individuelle qui va maintenant jusqu’à atteindre le plus objectif : les coordonnées de la sexualité. La légalisation de la contraception et de l’avortement a permis une première maîtrise de la sexualité, accompagnée bientôt de l’invention et de l’utilisation de la notion de genre, soit la subjectivation du sexe. Aujourd’hui, c’est la différence anatomique elle-même qui fait l’objet de ce constructionnisme artificialiste, libérant l’individu de toute contrainte objective dans la confection de soi. C’est cette illimitation de la liberté de construction des identités sexuelles que vient critiquer la psychanalyse. Malheureusement en ne recourant qu’eux principes les plus traditionnels du naturalisme et du réalisme, ce qui ôte beaucoup de force à ses arguments.
Logiques du complotisme
Authors: Richard François
Published: January 2024

Le fake selon Donald Trump et d’autres, la post-vérité, les « faits alternatifs », relèvent d’une confusion qui n’est pas exactement le mensonge. Une image photographique peut être vue de plusieurs façons et certains historiens distinguent mal la fiction de la véracité dans le contexte d’une domination des discours relativistes. Dans cette nouvelle rhétorique sophiste insistent les invariants paranoïaques-pervers à l’œuvre dans le discours nazi. Les conceptions freudiennes sur le déni, la psychose et les phénomènes de masse s’appliquent aux années 1930-1945 mais aussi au complotisme contemporain, avec une différence : désormais la logique totalitaire se dilue dans une crise démocratique de l’autorité. Les vérités sont partielles et améliorables dans une perspective laïque, tandis que les religions comportent en même temps un versant dogmatique et un versant ouvert au commentaire. On en déduit la nécessité de renouveler un rationalisme pondéré.
Les réseaux sociaux et les adolescents des quartiers populaires
Authors: Bordet Joëlle
Published: January 2024

Cet article explore les usages par les jeunes des quartiers populaires aux réseaux sociaux. Il vise à montrer les grandes transformations dans les modes de socialisation, les relations entre pairs et souligne les rapports des jeunes à la globalisation du monde. Il propose des réflexions sur les rapports complexes entre les rapports des jeunes, aux espaces concrets et virtuels et leur influence sur leurs représentations d’eux même, du monde et des temporalités.
Droit, sexe et genre : évolution historique de la binarité
Authors: Szurek Sandra
Published: January 2024

La transsexualité touche à plusieurs domaines du droit : droit de la personne, de la famille, du travail, comme elle a une incidence sur les règles du sport, par exemple. On se contentera ici d'aborder les principales questions juridiques, à savoir les règles relatives au changement de genre, le droit de voir ce changement porté à l'état civil et sur les documents d'identité et enfin la possibilité de bénéficier des mêmes droits que ceux attachés au sexe choisi.
Utopie de genre. Fiction pubertaire. Le genre, un cache-sexe ?
Authors: Masson Céline
Published: January 2024

A partir de l’exemple de la transidentification des mineurs, nous interrogeons la manière dont un vocable, le « genre » se déploie dans nos sociétés démocratiques où prévalent les ressentis. Nous nommons « utopie de genre » cette fiction qui consiste pour des adolescents en détresse pubertaire à croire qu’ils seraient de l’autre sexe. Le phénomène est particulièrement prégnant chez les filles qui s’identifient garçons. L’impact des réseaux sociaux et de l’hyperconnexion aux écrans sur les adolescents est maintenant bien connu. Le phénomène transidentificatoire n’échappe pas à cette emprise sur réseaux qui facilite l’adhésion à des discours idéologiques. La promotion des ressentis qui accompagnent l’idée que des adolescents devraient s’autodéterminer (notamment par rapport à leur genre) favorise cette coupure avec la réalité et le collectif : d’une certaine manière, l’utopie de genre est désubjectivante puisqu’elle fait valoir des identités fabriquées par des idéologies.
Identités de genre et incertitudes analytiques
Authors: Zoldan Yann , Rambeaud-Collin Delphine
Published: January 2024

Les débats et combats autour du genre continuent de se multiplier. Le besoin de parler, de théoriser et de dire une vérité sur le genre semble être un impératif. Ces discussions peuvent être clivantes notamment quand nos identités et traditions sont en jeu. Suivant la méthodologie du cercle herméneutique, nous proposons d’étudier cliniquement et théoriquement, comment les identités sont affectées par les questions autour du genre. Nous présentons un éloge de l’incertitude qui reconnaît les traditions, qui invite à des identités plurielles et flexibles et à une clinique renouvelée.
La bisexualité et ses destins
Authors: de Mijolla-Mellor Sophie
Published: January 2024

Freud tient la notion de Bisexualité pour un des fondements de la théorie psychanalytique au même titre que la sexualité infantile. La capacité de sublimer, et de créer, reposerait donc sur l'intégration des deux éléments féminins et masculins tandis que leur clivage, quel que soit le sexe envisagé, serait un facteur d'inhibition.
Basquiat, peintre de l’a-norme
Authors: Schauder Silke
Published: January 2024

Dans cet article, une analyse de l’art pictural de Jean-Michel Basquiat est entreprise selon trois axes. D’abord, le graffiti et le street art de Basquiat apparaissent comme un moyen pour l’artiste de se confronter aux normes qui régissent le monde de l’art. Puis, le style de Basquiat et sa collaboration artistique avec Andy Warhol sont interrogés comme autant de techniques pour créer, au travers l’opposition, de nouvelles normes esthétiques. Une contextualisation de l’art de Basquiat permet de mieux comprendre l’importance de la dynamique familiale, son addiction aux drogues dures et les trois traumatismes graves qu’il sa subi, enfant. Enfin, deux tableaux de Basquiat, To Repel Ghosts et Eroica sont commentés en tant que transgression ultime qui se nourrit de la radicalité de son geste.
Longitudinal Evaluation of Biomechanical Indices in Fellow Eyes of Patients With Keratoconus Classified as Having Very Asymmetric Ectasia With Normal Topography
Authors: Kovalchuk Bogdana , Khoramnia Ramin , Son Hyeck-Soo , Meis Jan , Winkler Philip , Naujokaitis Tadas , Köppe Maximilian K. , Auffarth Gerd U. , Augustin Victor A.
Published: January 2024

Purpose:

To evaluate the biomechanical longitudinal variability and progression of tomographically normal fellow eyes of patients with keratoconus.

Methods:

Of 513 patients with keratoconus, 30 patients with tomographically normal fellow eyes were included in this study. Tomographic and biomechanical parameters of the Pentacam and Corvis ST (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH) were analyzed in multiple follow-up examinations, including the ABCD grading, Belin/Ambrósio Enhanced Ectasia total deviation index (BAD-D), Corvis Biomechanical Index (CBI), Corvis Biomechanical Factor (CBiF), and Tomographic and Biomechanical Index (TBI). A mixed regression model was applied. The results were compared to a healthy control group (n = 17) and a keratoconus group (n = 20).

Results:

Within a maximum observation period of 3.3 years, no fellow eye (0%) showed a progression to tomographically evident keratoconus. No significant change in tomographic or biomechanical parameters was detected over the study period. The indices BAD-D, CBI, CbiF, and TBI exhibited a certain variability over time, whereas the tomographic ABC parameters and maximum keratometry barely changed. This was also shown in the control group and for all parameters in the keratoconus group, except the TBI.

Conclusions:

During the observation period none of the normal fellow eyes progressed to tomographically detectable keratoconus. However, biomechanical parameters CBI, CbiF, and TBI showed pathological values in 43.3% of eyes and certain variability. Subsequent studies with a longer observation period are warranted to confirm the biomechanical trends seen in this study and to rate the ability of single measurements to diagnose early keratoconus.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2024;40(1):e48–e56.]
The eigenvalues of $ \beta $-Laplacian of slant submanifolds in complex space forms
Authors: Alqahtani Lamia Saeed , Ali Akram
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we provided various estimates of the first nonzero eigenvalue of the $ \beta $-Laplacian operator on closed orientated $ p $-dimensional slant submanifolds of a $ 2m $-dimensional complex space form $ \widetilde{\mathbb{V}}^{2m}(4\epsilon) $ with constant holomorphic sectional curvature $ 4\epsilon $. As applications of our results, we generalized the Reilly-inequality for the Laplacian to the $ \beta $-Laplacian on slant submanifolds of a complex Euclidean space and a complex projective space.
The core of the unit sphere of a Banach space
Authors: Campos-Jiménez Almudena , García-Pacheco Francisco Javier
Published: January 2024

A geometric invariant or preserver is essentially a geometric property of the unit sphere of a real Banach space that remains invariant under the action of a surjective isometry onto the unit sphere of another real Banach space. A new geometric invariant of the unit ball of a real Banach space was introduced and analyzed in this manuscript: The core of the unit sphere. This geometric invariant consists of all points in the unit sphere of a real Banach space, which are contained in a unique maximal face. It is, in a geometrical sense, the opposite of fractal-like sets such as starlike sets. Classical geometric properties, such as smoothness and strict convexity, were employed to characterize the core of the unit sphere. Also, the core was related to a recently introduced new index: the index of strong rotundity. A characterization of the core in terms of the index of strong rotundity was provided. Finally, applications to longstanding open problems, such as Tingley's problem, were provided by presenting a new notion: Mazur-Ulam classes of Banach spaces.
Simultaneous segmentation and classification of colon cancer polyp images using a dual branch multi-task learning network
Authors: Li Chenqian , Liu Jun , Tang Jinshan
Published: January 2024

Accurate classification and segmentation of polyps are two important tasks in the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancers. Existing models perform segmentation and classification separately and do not fully make use of the correlation between the two tasks. Furthermore, polyps exhibit random regions and varying shapes and sizes, and they often share similar boundaries and backgrounds. However, existing models fail to consider these factors and thus are not robust because of their inherent limitations. To address these issues, we developed a multi-task network that performs both segmentation and classification simultaneously and can cope with the aforementioned factors effectively. Our proposed network possesses a dual-branch structure, comprising a transformer branch and a convolutional neural network (CNN) branch. This approach enhances local details within the global representation, improving both local feature awareness and global contextual understanding, thus contributing to the improved preservation of polyp-related information. Additionally, we have designed a feature interaction module (FIM) aimed at bridging the semantic gap between the two branches and facilitating the integration of diverse semantic information from both branches. This integration enables the full capture of global context information and local details related to polyps. To prevent the loss of edge detail information crucial for polyp identification, we have introduced a reverse attention boundary enhancement (RABE) module to gradually enhance edge structures and detailed information within polyp regions. Finally, we conducted extensive experiments on five publicly available datasets to evaluate the performance of our method in both polyp segmentation and classification tasks. The experimental results confirm that our proposed method outperforms other state-of-the-art methods.
From the binomial reshuffling model to Poisson distribution of money
Authors: Cao Fei , Marshall Nicholas F.
Published: January 2024

We present a novel reshuffling exchange model and investigate its long time behavior. In this model, two individuals are picked randomly, and their wealth $ X_i $ and $ X_j $ are redistributed by flipping a sequence of fair coins leading to a binomial distribution denoted $ B\circ (X_i+X_j) $. This dynamics can be considered as a natural variant of the so-called uniform reshuffling model in econophysics. May refer to Cao, Jabin and Motsch (2023), Dragulescu and Yakovenko (2000). As the number of individuals goes to infinity, we derive its mean-field limit, which links the stochastic dynamics to a deterministic infinite system of ordinary differential equations. Our aim of this work is then to prove (using a coupling argument) that the distribution of wealth converges to the Poisson distribution in the $ 2 $-Wasserstein metric. Numerical simulations illustrate the main result and suggest that the polynomial convergence decay might be further improved.
The Paradox of the Ugandan Health Insurance System: Challenges and Opportunities for Health Reform
Authors: Otieno Emmanuel , Namyalo Josephine
Published: January 2024

For nearly four decades, Ugandans have experienced a period marked by hope, conflict, and resilience across various aspects of healthcare reform. The health insurance system in Uganda lacks a legal framework and does not extend benefits to the entire population. In Uganda, community-based health insurance is common among those in the informal sector, while private medical insurance is typically provided to employees by their workplaces and agencies. The National Health Insurance Scheme Bill, introduced in 2019, was passed in 2021. If the President of Uganda gives his assent to the National Health Insurance Bill, it will become a significant policy driving health and universal health coverage. However, this bill is not without its shortcomings. In this perspective, we aim to explore the complex interplay of challenges and opportunities facing Uganda’s health sector.
Prevalence and Determinants of Catastrophic Healthcare Expenditures in Iran From 2013 to 2019
Authors: mousavi Abdoreza , lotfi Farhad , Alipour Samira , Fazaeli Aliakbar , Bayati Mohsen
Published: January 2024

Objectives: Protecting people against financial hardship caused by illness stands as a fundamental obligation within healthcare systems and constitutes a pivotal component in achieving universal health coverage. The objective of this study was to analyze the prevalence and determinants of catastrophic health expenditures (CHE) in Iran, over the period of 2013 to 2019.Methods: Data were obtained from 7 annual national surveys conducted between 2013 and 2019 on the income and expenditures of Iranian households. The prevalence of CHE was determined using a threshold of 40% of household capacity to pay for healthcare. A binary logistic regression model was used to identify the determinants influencing CHE.Results: The prevalence of CHE increased from 3.60% in 2013 to 3.95% in 2019. In all the years analyzed, the extent of CHE occurrence among rural populations exceeded that of urban populations. Living in an urban area, having a higher wealth index, possessing health insurance coverage, and having employed family members, an employed household head, and a literate household head are all associated with a reduced likelihood of CHE (p<0.05). Conversely, the use of dental, outpatient, and inpatient care, and the presence of elderly members in the household, are associated with an increased probability of facing CHE (p<0.05).Conclusions: Throughout the study period, CHE consistently exceeded the 1% threshold designated in the national development plan. Continuous monitoring of CHE and its determinants at both household and health system levels is essential for the implementation of effective strategies aimed at enhancing financial protection.
Mental Health Among Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Nhan Phuc Thanh , Nguyen Ha Phan Ai , Dang Cao Khoa , Phan Minh Tri , Quynh Huynh Ho Ngoc , Le Van Tuan , Dang Chinh Van , Ho Tinh Huu , Phan Van Trong , Dinh Thang Van , Phan Thang , Dang Thi Anh Thu
Published: January 2024

Objectives: The objective of this study was to characterize mental health issues among Vietnamese healthcare workers (HCWs) and to identify related factors.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 990 HCWs in 2021. Their mental health status was measured using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale.Results: In total, 49.9%, 52.3%, and 29.8% of respondents were found to have depression, anxiety, and stress, respectively. The multivariable linear regression model revealed that factors associated with increased anxiety scores included depression scores (β, 0.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.39 to 0.51) and stress scores (β, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.41 to 0.52). Factors associated with increased depression scores included being frontline HCWs (β, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.10 to 1.10), stress scores (β, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.45 to 0.56), and anxiety scores (β, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.47), while working experience was associated with reduced depression scores (β, -0.08; 95% CI, -0.16 to -0.01). Factors associated with increased stress scores included working experience (β, 0.08; 95% CI, 0.00 to 0.16), personal protective equipment interference with daily activities (β, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.07 to 1.00), depression scores (β, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.48 to 0.59), and anxiety scores (β, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.39 to 0.50), while age was associated with reduced stress scores (β, -0.12; 95% CI, -0.20 to -0.05).Conclusions: Specific interventions are necessary to enhance and promote the mental health of HCWs so they can successfully cope with the circumstances of the pandemic.
Intercity relationships between 293 Chinese cities quantified based on toponym co-occurrence
Authors: Tongjing Wang , Yin Zhao , Bao Ziyu , Meijers Evert
Published: January 2024

This dataset presents relationships between 293 Chinese cities, derived using a toponym co-occurrence method. By employing this toponym co-occurrence analysis method, the strength of an intercity relationship is determined by the frequency at which both city names appear on the same webpage. The data was sourced from the Common Crawl web archive's 2019 April Corpus, which contains approximately 2.5 billion web pages. The primary aim of this dataset is to provide a fresh perspective on intercity relationships, thereby facilitating studies on city network analysis. The dataset not only encourages further research into comparing this innovative city relationship with other established networks but is also a showcase that presents a straightforward methodology that can be applied to other archives within Common Crawl. As such, it paves the way for longitudinal studies that probe the evolution of city networks.
Modélisation par les frames des pressions discursives sur le transfert d’information et l’organisation textuelle d’un genre de textes. L’exemple des publicités du vin en Autriche
Authors: Bach Matthieu
Published: January 2024

Le présent article se propose de travailler les pressions discursives exercées au niveau phrastique et textuel pour un genre de textes, ici les publicités du vin issues de prospectus de supermarchés autrichiens. Après avoir développé le cadre théorique d’inspiration germanique, une étude de cas est menée pour mettre en évidence ces pressions discursives.
The Future of Vocational Learning in India
Authors: Singh Anu Raj
Published: January 2024

The integration of emerging AI technologies in vocational education and learning will have a significant impact on the learning of skills in India by 2030. Artificial intelligence-based tutorial and simulation systems can provide personalized learning experiences to students, allowing them to learn at their own pace and level of understanding. This can greatly enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of vocational education, leading to better learning outcomes and higher employability of graduates. Overall, the integration of AI technologies in vocational education and learning has the potential to transform the way skills are learned and acquired in India. By leveraging the power of AI and creativity, students can develop the skills and competencies needed to succeed in a rapidly evolving and increasingly competitive job market.
Traffic Density Estimation for Traffic Management Applications Using Neural Networks
Authors: Sankaranarayanan Manipriya , Mala C. , Jain Snigdha
Published: January 2024

Traffic density is one of the elemental variables used in molding road traffic kinetics. Current density estimation techniques include loop detectors and sensors which are dependent on the crowd-sourcing of traffic data, which suffers from limited coverage and high cost. This article proposes a unique method to estimate traffic density based on neural network and mathematical modelling which uses surveillance feed from cameras. The proposed method can save both transportation costs and journey time, thus helping in better traffic management. The result analysis shows that the proposed method works well for varying traffic flow conditions and dynamic conditions.
Handling Imbalanced Data With Weighted Logistic Regression and Propensity Score Matching methods
Authors: Agrawal Lavlin , Mulgund Pavankumar , Sharman Raj
Published: January 2024

The adoption of empirical methods for secondary data analysis has witnessed a significant surge in IS research. However, the secondary data is often incomplete, skewed, and imbalanced at best. Consequently, there is a growing recognition of the importance of empirical techniques and methodological decisions made to navigate through such issues. However, there is not enough methodological guidance, especially in the form of a worked case study that demonstrates the challenges of imbalanced datasets and offers prescriptive on how to deal with them. Using data on P2P money transfer services, this article presents a running example by analyzing the same dataset using several different methods. It then compares the outcomes of these choices and explicates the rationale behind some decisions such as inclusion and categorization of variables, parameter setting, and model selection. Finally, the article discusses certain regressions models such as weighted logistic regression and propensity matching, and when they should be used.
Spiritual practices among elderly, prevalence, pattern and associated factors: a community-based study from rural Bengaluru, India
Authors: Hafeez Nimin , Sanjay Thittamaranahalli Varadappa , Puthussery Yannick Poulose , Madhusudan Muralidhar , Kariyappa Poornima Muddaiah , Kulkarni Sridevi , Raj Lavanya
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Need for spiritual solace increases with aging due to fading health and wellbeing. Modern medicine has realized the influence of spirituality on positive health. There is a paucity of evidence on spiritual practices among the elderly from rural parts of India.Objectives: To find out the prevalence, pattern, and associated factors of spiritual practices among the elderly population.Methods: This was a community-based study conducted for a period of one year. A total of 1000 elderly from three primary health centre (PHC) areas of Bengaluru Urban district, were selected by cluster sampling technique. Data regarding sociopersonal characteristics were collected through house visits and the elderly were screened for depression using the Geriatric Depression Scale 15 (Kannada Version). History pertaining to the intensity and frequency of spiritual practices was also collected. Data were analysed using PASW Statistics version 18.0.Results: The prevalence of spiritual practices was 97.4%. The most prevalent spiritual practice among the subjects was daily prayer (92.9%). Practices like visiting places of worship, attending religious meetings and meditation were more prevalent among females, whereas performing daily prayers, reading scriptures and chanting were more prevalent among males. However, none of these associations were found to be statistically significant (p>0.05). Lower prevalence of disturbed appetite, disturbed sleep, substance use, average/poor self-perceived health status, adverse life events and depression was found among elderly involved in spiritual practices. However, none of these associations were found to be statistically significant (p>0.05).Conclusions & Recommendations: The prevalence of spiritual practices among the elderly was high. The most prevalent spiritual practice among them was daily prayer and those involved in spiritual practices, though not statistically significant, had a lower prevalence of disturbed appetite, disturbed sleep, substance use, average/poor self-perceived health status, history of adverse life events and depression. The beneficial effects of spiritual practices on health needs to be explored further in studies involving large and representative samples.
Development and validation of a tool to assess the organizational consequences of occupational stress among secondary school teachers in Sri Lanka
Authors: Denuwara Buddhini , Gunawardena Nalika , Dayabandara Madhubhashinee , Samaranayake Dulani
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Literature revealed the lack of a comprehensive tool to assess organizational consequences of occupational stress (OCOS) among schoolteachers.Objectives: To develop and validate an instrument to measure the OCOS among secondary school teachers in Sinhala medium government schools (OCOST-Sinhala)Methods: Triangulation of quantitative and qualitative methods was used to design and validate OCOST-Sinhala. Item generation was guided by a conceptual framework. Reducing the items was through an assessment of a panel of experts and by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). PCA was performed among 360 secondary teachers to assess the factor structure. Construct validity was assessed by Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and a multi-trait scaling analysis in a survey among 300 secondary teachers. Cronbach’ alpha and test re-test reliability were determined.Results: OCOST-Sinhala had 45 items in seven domains (self-efficacy, work engagement, motivation, job satisfaction, enthusiasm, workload & work performance). In PCA, 65.98% of the variance was explained. All the indices used to evaluate the fitness of the model, confirmed that the statistical fitness of the original seven factors model provide valid results. CFA and multi-trait scaling analysis confirmed the construct validity with reliability confirmed as good (Cronbach’s alpha 0.92; test re-test reliability >0.7).Conclusions & Recommendations: The developed OCOST-Sinhala was found to be a valid and reliable test to assess OCOS among secondary school teachers in Sri Lanka.
Determinants of Debt Financing: An Empirical Analysis of Non-Financial Listed Companies in Sri Lanka
Authors: Godakanda P.G.G.C.T. , Manawaduge A.S.P.G.
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study is to identify the factors which determine the level of debt financing over the equity financing of the non-financial companies in Sri Lanka. The study is conducted on a sample of 30 companies from non-finance companies listed on the Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE). The sample consists of 20 companies that are selected based on the highest market capitalization and 10 companies which have issued debentures in the market. The data are obtained from the annual reports of sample companies for the years 2015 to 2018 for this purpose. A panel data regression analysis is conducted to analyze whether the firm performance, age, size, agency cost of debt, tangibility, sales growth, liquidity, and tax shield have an impact on the debt financing decisions of the firm. The pecking order theory, agency theory, and trade-off theory are used to explain the impact of determinants on debt financing. The findings of the analysis show that the firm performance, size, liquidity, tangibility, sales growth, and agency cost of debt have generated an inverse association with the firm leverage. Age and non-debt tax shield positively correlated with leverage according to the analysis. Findings are in line with the hypotheses developed except for firm size, tangibility, and non-debt tax shield. The size of the firm and tangibility deviate from the hypotheses developed while the non-debt tax shield is found to be insignificant in influencing its decision to apply for financing. This research has provided the basis to explore the determinants of debt financing in the overall capital structure of Sri Lankan firms. The results are useful for the managers and the policymakers to have knowledge about the firm-specific determinants of debt financing, and it should help corporate managers to make optimal capital structure decisions. This study contributes to enhancing the existing literature by analyzing the impact of determinants of debt financing in listed non-financial companies in Sri Lanka.
The impact of the economic crisis on the Sri Lankan health financing
Authors: Gamage A. U. , Dias T. L. , Amarasiri M. , Karunathilake I. M.
Published: January 2024

No abstract available