bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Profil Hematologi Ayam Broiler yang Diberi Pakan Mengandung Enzim Fitase dengan Level Berbeda
Authors: Fajar La Ode Abdul Malik , Zulkarnain Deki , Libriani Restu
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pemberian enzim fitase terhadap profil hematologi ayam broiler dengan level berbeda. Penelitian ini menggunakan 100 ekor ayam broiler umur 35 hari dengan 4 perlakuan. Perlakuan terdiri dari P0 tanpa enzim fitase, P1 (0.040%), P2 (0.045%) dan P3 (0,050%) enzim fitase. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 pengulangan pada setiap perlakuan. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis ragam dan uji lanjut Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian enzim fitase dalam pakan ayam broiler dengan level berbeda berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap nilai monosit dan limfosit, tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap nilai hemoglobin, eosinofil, heterofil, basofil, nilai H/L dan nilai kadar glukosa.
Kualitas Telur Ayam Ras Petelur (Isa Brown) Yang Diberi Jus Daun Sirih (Piper Bettle L) Melalui Air Minum
Authors: Misriani Misriani , Badaruddin Rusli , Indi Amiluddin
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kualitas telur ayam ras petelur isa brown yang diberi jus daun sirih melalui air minum. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di Jalan Haji Lamuse Lorong Semeru Kelurahan Lepolepo Kecamatan Baruga Kota Kendari. Materi penelitian yang digunakan penelitian ini adalah 20 ekor ayam ras petelur isa brown umur 18 minggu.  Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen dengan penerapan pemberian air minum yang mengandung 0 ml, 5 ml, 10 ml, 15ml jus daun sirih terhadap ayam ras petelur. Parameter yang diamati indeks yolk, indeks albumen, warna yolk, dan haugh unit (HU).  Desain penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan jumlah  perlakuan sebanyak 4 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kualitas telur ayam  ras petelur Isa Brown  dengan pemberian jus daun sirih berpengaruh nyata terhadap warna yolk (P<0,05) akan tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap indeks yolk,  haugh unit dan indeks albumen
Evaluasi Kualitas Nutrien Hidroponic Green Fodder Jagung Kuning (Zea mays L.) sebagai Pakan Ternak Ruminansia pada Umur Panen yang Berbeda
Authors: Fariska Iska , Bain Ali , Malesi La
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kualitas nutrien tanaman hidroponik green fodder jagung kuning pada umur panen yang berbeda. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 4 pengulangan. Sehingga diperoleh 16 unit percobaan. Perlakuan terdiri atas P1 = Umur panen 8 hari, P2 = Umur panen 10 hari, P3 = Umur panen 12 hari, P4 = Umur panen 14 hari. Parameter yang diukur yaitu kadar bahan kering (BK), kadar bahan organik (BO), kadar protein kasar (PK) dan kadar serat kasar (SK). Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis ragam dan uji lanjut Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hidroponik green fodder jagung kuning dengan umur panen yang berbeda dapat memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap kadar bahan kering, bahan organik, protein kasar dan serat kasar green fodder jagung kuning. Pemanenan yang terbaik terdapat pada perlakuan P1 yaitu pada umur panen 8 hari mampu menghasilkan kandungan protein kasar 17 %. Umur panen yang paling lama (14 hari) menghasilkan kadar bahan kering, bahan organik dan protein kasar yang paling rendah dan kadar serat kasar yang paling tinggi.
Evektivitas Penggunaan Arang Haiyati Terhadap Produktivitas Rumput Odot (Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott) Ratun Kedua Dengan Media Tanah Dari Bekas Tambang
Authors: Rinaldi Ryan , Bain Ali , Kurniawan Widhi
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan arang hayati terhadap produktivitas rumput odot (Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott) ratun kedua dengan media tanah dari bekas tambang. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan, sehingga terdapat 16 unit percobaan. Perlakuan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah P1 9Kontrol, tanpa biochar), P2 (75 gr/polybag biochar,) P3 (150 gr/polybag biochar), P4 (225 gr/polybag biochar). Parameter yang diamati adalah produksi bahan segar, persentase daun, produksi bahan kering. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian efektifitas arang hayati dengan level berbeda berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap produksi bahan segar, persentase daun dan produksi bahan kering. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah efektifitas arang hayati dengan level berbeda berpengaruh nyata terhadap produksi bahan segar dan persentase daun, dan produksi bahan kering rumput odot.
Kualitas Spermatozoa Sapi Bali Setelah Preservasi Menggunakan Pengencer Tris Kuning Telur dan Madu Dengan Level Berbeda
Authors: Dzulqarnain Andi , Saili Takdir , Rusdin Muh
Published: November 2022

Madu sebagai tambahan bahan pengencer pada semen sapi Bali berpotensi dapat mempertahankan kualitas spermatozoa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kualitas spermatozoa sapi Bali setelah diencerkan mengandung tris kuning telur dan madu dengan level berbeda, sebelum dan sesudah equilibrasi. Materi yang digunakan adalah semen segar sapi bali jantan dan madu.. Rancangan penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan, sehingga terdapat 16 unit satuan percobaan. Perlakuan yang digunakan dalam penelitian pengencer tris kuning telur dan madu dengan konsentrasi berbeda yang terdiri atas P0 (Tris kuning telur  + Gliserol 6%), P1 (Tris kuning telur + Gliserol 4% + madu lebah hutan 2%, P2 (Tris kuning telur + Gliserol 2% + madu lebah hutan 4%), dan P3 (Tris kuning telur + Madu lebah hutan 6%). Parameter yang dievaluasi adalah persentase motilitas dan viabilitas spermatozoa setelah pengenceran, persentase motilitas dan viabilitas spermatozoa setelah equilibrasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa rataan nilai persentase motilitas spermatozoa setelah diencerkan berkisar antara (70,0 – 72,5%), dan viabilitas spermatozoa (79,4 – 86,6%). Sedangkan rataan nilai persentase motilitas spermatozoa setelah equilibrasi berkisar antara (12,5 – 70,3%), dan viabilitas spermatozoa (44,1 – 76,4). Kesimpulan hasil penelitian ini adalah penggunaan madu sebagai bahan pengencer spermatozoa sapi bali pengganti gliserol tidak berpengaruh terhadap motilitas spermatozoa setelah diencerkan, tetapi berpengaruh nyata terhadap viabilitas spermatozoa dengan tren menurun dan penggunaan madu sebagai bahan pengencer spermatozoa sapi bali pengganti gliserol setelah equilibrasi berpengaruh nyata menurunkan presentase motilitas dan viabilitas spermatozoa. Perlakuan terbaik yaitu pada P0 dengan Tris kuning telur  + Gliserol 6%. Pemanfaatan madu sebagai tambahan bahan pengencer dalam proses pengenceran semen sapi bali dapat mempertahankan kualitas spermatozoa setelah preservasi.
FEATURES OF PSYCHOEMOTIONAL STRESS IN PEOPLE WITH DIFFERENT GENDER IDENTITIES: HORMONAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL STATUS
Authors: Николаев Валентин Иванович , Денисенко Наталья Петровна , Белогурова Евгения Алексеевна , Денисенко Мария Дмитриевна , Горзий Таисия Сергеевна
Published: November 2022

Были изучены психологические особенности и гормональный статус у индивидов в зависимости от их полоролевой идентичности. Обследовано 173 волонтера обоего пола разной гендерной идентичности в условиях покоя и психоэмоционального напряжения (моделью эмоционального стресса служила ситуация экзамена). Личностная тревожность не отличалась у всех испытуемых в исходном состоянии, кроме маскулинных мужчин, у которых она была низкой. Они обладали также высокой степенью жизнестойкости, контроля и принятия риска. В то же время уровень жизнестойкости у фемининов обоего пола был низким. Если содержание кортизола в крови в исходном состоянии не имело достоверных различий в разных группах, то в состоянии эмоционального стресса его содержание увеличилось у всех людей с полоролевой идентичностью, противоположной биологическому полу, и у андрогинов обоего пола. Изучение уровня половых гормонов в крови испытуемых в исходном состоянии и при эмоциональном стрессе не имело принципиальных различий, согласно их биологической половой принадлежности.

. We have studied the psychological characteristics and hormonal status of individuals according to their gender identity. 173 volunteers of both sexes were examined in conditions of rest and psycho -emotional stress (the exam situation served as a model of emotional stress). Personal anxiety did not differ at all subjects before stress, except for masculine men, at whom it was low. They also had a high degree of hardiness, control and challenge. At the same time, the level of hardiness of both sexes feminins was low. If the cortisol content in the blood before stress did not have significant differences in different groups, then in a state of emotional stress, its content increased in all people with a gender identity opposite to the biological sex and in androgynes of both sexes. The study of the level of sex hormones in the blood of the subjects before and under emotional stress had no fundamental differences, according to their biological sex.short -term
Linking Socio-demographics of Meat Vendor-processors to Residual Nitrite in Skinless Native Sausage Sold in a Typical Public Market in the Philippines
Authors: Obsioma Virginia , Guiral King Louiegie , Matullano Kathleen , Lorilla Aaron , Tagubase Jackie Lou , Calumba Kriza Faye , Sarmiento Jon Marx , Alviola Pedro
Published: November 2022

Nitrite plays a key preservative role in meat products. However, overapplication could increase the carcinogenicity risks while underapplication could shorten product shelf life. This study aimed to link the socio-demographic profile of the vendor-processors to the residual nitrite levels in skinless native sausage (skinless longganisa) in a typical public market in the Philippines. A total of 90 skinless longganisa packs were collected from the vendor-processors at three times. Skinless longganisa and commercial curing premix samples were analyzed for nitrite levels using the colorimetric method. Utilizing a random effects panel regression model, the impact of socio-demographic factors of the vendor-processors on the application of nitrite in their skinless longganisa products was assessed. The skinless longganisa samples had residual nitrite levels that ranged from 0.005–1.031 mg/kg with a mean value of 0.56 mg/kg of meat, which suggests the underapplication of nitrite at exceedingly low levels (only at most 2% of the recommended amount), compromising the microbial safety of the meat. The number of skinless longganisa vendor-processors with higher educational attainment (p < 0.01 for high school; p < 0.05 for college) was negatively associated with the nitrite content, whereas the frequency of married respondents (p < 0.01) and with more children (p < 0.05) was positively associated with the residual nitrite. Moreover, most of the vendor-processors had insufficient food safety knowledge despite having attended food safety seminars. With extremely low nitrite levels, monitoring and training programs should highlight the importance of applying the recommended levels of nitrite in skinless longganisa as an essential food safety measure.
Response Surface Methodology Guided Optimization of the Extraction of Natural Phenolics from Mango (Mangifera indica Linn) Branches
Authors: Sapin Arsenia , Perez Rodney , Tambalo Fides Marciana , Gaylon Arra , Alaon Maria Katrina
Published: November 2022

Phenolic compounds are important compounds that are known for their antioxidant bioactivities and other health-promoting properties. Different parts of mango (Mangifera indica Linn) tree, including their branches, are known to contain polyphenols. Mango branches that are cut off during pruning have no significant economic value. Polyphenols from mango branches can potentially provide an alternative source of income to farmers during non-fruiting season. In this study, response surface methodology (RSM) was used to identify the optimum conditions for the solvent-assisted extraction of phenolics from mango branches. Optimization conditions for two different solvents, acetone and ethanol, were done. A Box-Behnken experimental design (BBD) identified solids loading, solvent concentration, and extraction time as factors that significantly affected the total polyphenol (TP) extraction. The optimum conditions for acetone-assisted extraction based on RSM analysis were as follows: 15% w/v-solids loading, 60% v/v-solvent concentration, and 1.5-h extraction time. The optimum conditions for ethanol-assisted extraction were as follows: 14.858% w/v-solids loading, 59.535% v/v-solvent concentration, and 1.763-h extraction time. The predicted TP values of acetone and ethanol extract using these optimum conditions were 32.7143 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE) and 35.8963 mg GAE, respectively. The actual TP values when the optimum conditions were used in an extraction, which were 32.0358 mg GAE for acetone extract and 33.0075 mg GAE for ethanol extract, were within the 95% prediction interval making the optimization points valid. HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography) analysis of the phenolic extract showed that mangiferin was the main phenolic compound in mango branches.
Predictors of Occupational Health Outcomes of Call Center Workers from Selected Companies in Cebu and Manila
Authors: Amit Lito , Ultra Venecio , Young Woong Song
Published: November 2022

The business process outsourcing (BPO) industry in the Philippines is expanding rapidly, producing a high employment rate. However, it also causes concerns about the occurrence of workrelated health problems among workers. This study was conducted to measure the prevalence of occupational health outcomes of call center workers from five companies in the Philippines and to determine the likelihood of their occurrence based on personal and work-related variables. We conducted an online survey answered by 227 call center workers. Descriptive statistics were expressed in percentages, arithmetic means, and standard deviations. Differences in symptoms in terms of sex and age-group were determined by chi-squared tests. Confounding effects of personal and occupational variables were computed through logistic and multiple regression analyses. The most prevalent forms of occupational health problems were back pain (96%), headache (96.5%), neck pain (93%), and insomnia (93%). We also found that among the personal and occupational variables, smoking and drinking predicted the occurrence of the symptoms for neck pain, headache, insomnia, and other health complaints. Our findings are crucial in strengthening policies and regulations, promoting a healthier working environment, and preventing fast-paced turn-over of workers in the BPO industry in the Philippines.
Development of Screening Method for Tetracycline Residues in Pork (Sus scrofa domesticus) Muscle and Liver Samples
Authors: Toralba Joanna , Dusaban Lance Frederick , Abana Karla Keith , Kwok Jellian Razzele
Published: November 2022

Antimicrobial residues in pork products are a hazard to public health. They contribute to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) as the exposure of bacteria to trace amounts of these residues can hasten its incidence and emergence. In the Philippines, the quality of meat products is regulated by the National Meat Inspection Service (NMIS) through antimicrobial sensitivity testing (AST) via disc diffusion. Analytical methods such as the use of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) may also be used in monitoring antibiotic residues in meat samples. This experimental study aims to develop a screening method for tetracycline residues in pork (Sus scrofa domesticus) muscle and liver from public wet markets; and to determine the feasibility of this method based on specified critical parameters such as LOD, LOQ, and linearity. Twenty (20) pork muscle and 14 pork liver samples were collected from stalls in three public wet markets and were subjected to AST through the NMIS and HPLC analysis. The HPLC analysis utilized an isocratic elution with a mobile phase of 85:15 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile: 0.1% formic acid in water and a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection of tetracycline was observed at peaks with a retention time of 3.95 ± 0.15 min. The determined retention time was used to identify tetracycline in the pork samples. AST results showed no presence of tetracycline in all samples. HPLC results, however, revealed that two out of 20 pork muscle samples and eight out of 14 pork liver samples contained tetracycline. The results have demonstrated that instrumental methods of analysis such as HPLC are necessary to confirm the absence or presence of the residues and to quantify the concentration to compare it to the established MRL. Further validation studies are recommended to ensure the accuracy and specificity of the optimized method.
Extracellular Polymeric Substance Produced by Lysinibacillus sp. SS1 in Response to Petroleum Crude Oil Stress Facilitates Removal of Heavy Metals from Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Miyar Harshitha Kamath , Pai Annapoorna , Sajankila Shyama Prasad , Goveas Louella Concepta
Published: November 2022

The use of microbial extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) as bioflocculants opposed to synthetic and organic flocculants in the treatment of heavy metal polluted wastewater is currently gaining importance. The present study focuses on the characterization and application of EPS produced by Lysinibacillus sp. SS1 in heavy metal removal. Lysinibacillus sp. SS1 (10%v/v), isolated from used engine oil contaminated soil, produced EPS and circular white spongy masses on the utilization of 3% petroleum crude oil (PCO) in the Bushnell Haas medium in 10 d. Analysis of extracted EPS and masses revealed that it contained carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins in proportions of 1.3: 94.6: 3.6 and 2.3: 91.5: 6.2, respectively. Characterization by LCMS and FT-IR analysis confirmed that they were predominantly lipids with proteins and polysaccharide groups. Masses could remove 48% of lead and 40% of mercury from aqueous solutions by adsorption on their surface as confirmed by SEM-EDAX. Extracted EPS (100 mg/L) could remove 94.9% of lead from aqueous solution (150 mg/L) in 72 h by precipitation of lead as nanoparticles of sizes ranging from 30–40 nm. This study shows the potential of Lysinibacillus sp. SS1 and its EPS in response to PCO in heavy metal removal and recovery.
Assessment of Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Rice Donor Germplasm Accessions in the Philippines
Authors: Marcelo Via Ann , Lipio Patrick Louie , Labarosa Sandy Jan , Mananghaya Teodora , Niones Jonathan
Published: November 2022

Genetic diversity is necessary to safeguard potentially vital traits for adaptation to environmental stresses and a proximate defense against a resurgence of pests and diseases amid climate change. The hybridization core germplasm of the Philippine Rice Research Institute (PhilRice) comprises local and foreign landraces, varieties, and elite breeding lines, which are various sources for diversification and creation of superior rice varieties. The objective of the study is to investigate the level of genetic diversity and population structure across 472 parental germplasm using 17 polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers as assistance for rice breeders in the selection of unique parents for hybridization. Germplasm accessions showed high genetic diversity (71%) and formed a structure delineating indica, temperate japonica, and tropical japonica – with 32.8% admixtures identified through the distance-based neighbor-joining (NJ) method, model-based Bayesian structure, and discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC). Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed that the majority of the variation (87.0%) was attributed to accession differences within a population, indicating regular seed movement limited to each subgroup rather than between population (8.7%), wherein the highest fixation index (FST) was observed between tropical and temperate japonica (FST = 0.13). The study established a PhilRice parental germplasm collection containing 306 genetically pure accessions retaining the majority of genetic diversity from the first collection, which offers a promising aid in generating favorable genetic gain through careful genotypic selection in rice breeding programs.
Determinants of Hemoglobin Status in Filipino Children and Women Population Based on a Nationwide Survey
Authors: Goyena Eva , Maniego Ma. Lynell , Angeles-Agdeppa Imelda
Published: November 2022

This study aimed to determine anemia prevalence and assess the determinants of hemoglobin status of Filipino children and women using data from the National Nutrition Survey (NNS) 2013. The NNS 2013 covered 17 regions and 80 provinces by the Department of Science and Technology – Food and Nutrition Research Institute (DOST-FNRI) using a multistage sampling design. Data analysis was done in three population groups: preschool-aged children (PSAC) 6–71 mo (n = 3,089), school-aged children (SAC) 6–14 yr old (n = 7,561), and non-pregnant women (NPW) of reproductive age 15–49 yr old (n = 7,074). The prevalence of anemia was 13.9%, 9.9%, and 13.4% in PSAC, SAC, and NPW, respectively. Among PSAC, the older age group 3–5 yr old (β = 0.68, p < 0.001) was associated with a higher hemoglobin level than the younger age group 6 mo – 2 yr. Among SAC, being a female (β = –0.19, p < 0.001) and residing in rural areas (β = –0.11, p = 0.03) determined lower levels of hemoglobin. Adequate serum retinol level was associated with higher hemoglobin levels in PSAC (β = 0.01, p = 0.02), SAC (β = 0.01, p < 0.001), and NPW (β = 0.01, p < 0.001). Adequate serum zinc concentration was associated with higher hemoglobin level in SAC (β = 0.01, p < 0.001) and NPW (β = 0.00, p = 0.01). Stunting was negatively associated with hemoglobin levels in PSAC (β = –0.32, p = 0.01) and SAC (β = –0.16, p = 0.01). Observed associations of age, sex, place of residence, marital status, micronutrient status, and stunting with hemoglobin levels could support nutrition-specific interventions such as micronutrient supplementation, food fortification, and nutrition education aimed at anemia control and treatment. Future studies could also improve our understanding of the determinants of anemia in the Philippines.
Economic Vulnerabilities of Fishing-dependent Households Around Laguna Lake, Philippines
Authors: Palanca-Tan Rosalina
Published: November 2022

The study characterizes the mainly subsistence fishing communities surrounding Laguna Lake and provides empirical evidence of the economic deprivation that they are experiencing using survey data. Following a multi-dimensional approach, the paper focuses on consumption expenditures as the prime indicator of economic well-being – together with assets ownership, financial behavior, and social engagements. Regression analyses are conducted to identify the factors underlying consumption and to determine how different forms of household capital (physical, financial, and social) and fishing activities affect the capacity to generate income or livelihood. The study finds that: 1) food consumption (mainly rice) accounts for half of the household’s total expenditures, is very income-inelastic, and is mainly determined by household size; 2) all consumption expenditures are income-inelastic and are therefore basic necessities, except for mobile phone load, the only luxury consumption expenditure for these low-income fishing households; (3) while derived income (sum of all expenditures and savings) is not significantly determined by any form of capital, it is significantly higher for households undertaking aquaculture; and (4) the conditional cash transfer of the government significantly contributes to household consumption as an income augmentation measure but does not significantly lower food shortage vulnerability of the household.
Habitat Characteristics of the Horse Mussel Modiolus modulaides (Röding 1798) in Iloilo, Philippines
Authors: Uba Kaent Immanuel , Monteclaro Harold
Published: November 2022

Despite the ecological importance of horse mussels, they have not received enough attention because they are considered of less economic value than other fisheries resources and not as charismatic as other marine resources. As a result, research efforts are often limited and information on biology and ecology is scant, affecting resource management. Recognizing this, the present study investigated the habitat characteristics of a local bioengineering species in Iloilo, Philippines – the horse mussel Modiolus modulaides. Analyses of water properties, sediments, phytoplankton composition in the water column, and food items pre-ingested by M. modulaides during the wet and dry seasons in Dumangas, Iloilo, Philippines were conducted. The water temperature (27.33–27.76 °C), dissolved oxygen (4.22–5.21 mg/L), salinity (30.97– 32.63‰), pH (7.55–8.01), total dissolved solids (31736.70–33079.48 mg/L), and conductivity (50121.56–53971.26 µS/cm) favor the growth and maintenance of M. modulaides. Sediments exhibited increasing deposition of fine material and high organic matter content as a result of the deposition of feces and pseudofeces. Diatoms comprised the majority of phytoplankton in the water column and among pre-ingested food items of M. modulaides. Based on pre-ingested food items, M. modulaides appears to practice selective feeding with preferences on Thalasionema spp., Diploneis spp., Pleurosigma spp., Detonula spp., and Rhizosolenia spp. Copepods and tintinnids may also be important additional food sources. Horse mussel density drastically decreased from 105.33 ± 30.15 individuals/m2 during the wet season to 24.47 ± 3.78 individuals/ m2 during the dry season due to intense exploitation in the area. Aside from providing baseline data, these results are essential in the development of a management framework and an initial step towards the development of culture technology for M. modulaides.
Assessment of the Genetic Diversity of Philippine Arabica Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) Using SSR Markers
Authors: Baltazar Miriam , Fabella Jermaine Marie Ann
Published: November 2022

Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.) plays a significant contribution to the Philippine coffee industry. Many important genes are continuously lost due to an increase in population, urbanization, and the promotion of registered and popular varieties in the country. This study was conducted to assess the genetic diversity of 27 Philippine C. arabica accessions currently maintained at the Cavite State University – National Coffee Research, Development and Extension Center (CvSU-NCRDEC) field genebank using 19 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Around 80% of the markers used showed polymorphism. A total of 56 alleles were detected, 47 of which were polymorphic. The average number of alleles per locus (3.7) and the polymorphism information content (PIC) (~ 0.40) found in this study were higher than those reported in the literature. Duplicate accessions were identified despite their striking morphological differences, and differentiation of synonymous accessions was also noted. The average genetic similarity was 0.83 and ranged from 0.64–1.0. Overall, the genetic diversity of Philippine C. arabica collection was low. Nonetheless, the higher number of alleles and PIC obtained provide more information in the selection of materials that can be used as parents in hybridization works. Cluster analysis showed three major clusters: Cluster I consisted of most of the accessions from Benguet State University (BSU), while Cluster II consisted of all accessions from the Bureau of Plant Industry (BPI) except Yellow Bourbon. MCA and Yellow Bourbon banded in Cluster III. The cluster analysis offers valuable information in the selection of parents for the development of vigorous F1 hybrids. Further, the results obtained in this study can be utilized in developing strategies to widen the low genetic variability of C. arabica through proper management of the country’s coffee genetic resources, development of effective breeding and selection programs, and varietal registration and identification.
The constraint functions of the elements of mechanisms
Authors:   University of Piteúti, Faculty of Mechanics and Technology,, STĂNESCU NICOLAE–DORU
Published: November 2022

In the present paper we purpose a discussion concerning the constraints which may appear at one arbitrary element of a mechanism. We also determine the corresponding constraint functions. The obtained results may be applied in practical situations. An application highlights the theory.
Achievements in recovery of bio-based natural resources and organic residuals to biogas
Authors:   National Institute for Research and Development in Electrical Engineering ICPE-CA, MATEESCU CARMEN , BUTOI NICOLETA OANA ,   National Institute for Research and Development in Electrical Engineering ICPE-CA
Published: November 2022

This paper aims to make visible some achievements currently developed by the institute ICPE-CA in the field of organic resources recovery. Innovative solutions for waste treatment to biogas and eco-fertilizers, but also experimental methods for extraction of valuable products from green biomass have been presented. Original research results were achieved for various anaerobic digestion tests under high hydrostatic pressures. Comparative analysis of the fermentative microbial activity for the selected work pressures, was proved to be of great importance in assessing the efficiency of the biogas reactors. Researches for identification of new biofuels to be used as renewable sources start from the oils-containing biomass, as well as tests for determining fat content in biomass have been pointed out. Finally, an innovative household biogas unit to treat a wide range of organic waste and wastewaters, designed to supply biogas for domestic usage simultaneously with lands sanitation, was briefly presented as well.
Towards a Romanian power system based on high renewables penetration – the case of bess usage
Authors:   Universitatea Politehnica din Bucureşt, SĂNDULEAC MIHAI , EREMIA MIRCEA ,   Universitatea Politehnica din Bucureşti, TOMA LUCIAN ,   Universitatea Politehnica din Bucureşti
Published: November 2022

In this paper we present the problem of adapting the electricity generation sector towards achieving 100% CO2 free until 2050. Starting from the actual generation-load records in Romania, we estimate the necessary wind and photovoltaic power to be installed for replacing the fossil fuel power plants. The analysis has revealed that energy storage systems are required to cover the night load and to control the power exchange with neighbor countries. Based on the installed power estimations, we have estimated the needed financial investments.
Calculus and experimental investigations on the caissons models used in construction of mooring keys
Authors:   University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, ILIESCU NICOLAE , ATANASIU COSTICĂ ,   University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, NĂSTĂSESCU VASILE ,   Technical Military Academy
Published: November 2022

The special quay infrastructure for mooring heavy boats is made of reinforced concrete caissons, in the form of thin-walled structures. These caissons are placed on the bottom of the sea, by means of radiators and filled with stone quarry. On these structures are built access roads for heavy trucks, rolling paths for rotary cranes and railways. The behaviour of these structures under service tasks has been investigated both by MEF and experimentally, using two combined techniques (reflexion-photoelelasticity and resistive strain gauge technique). The results of the researches carried out on two models of caissons showed that the maximum stresses recorded in their walls are below the allowable limit, and there is a good agreement between the calculation and experimental data.
Electrods type Fe-25%Cr-4%W-V-Ti-La for hard surfacing
Authors:   ISIM Timişoara ASTR Timişoara, PASCU DORU ROMULUS , TIHANOV DANIEL ,   SC SUDOTIM AS SRL, Timişoara, BINCHICIU EMILIA ,   SC SUDOTIM AS SRL, Timişoara
Published: November 2022

Performing the active surfaces subjected to abrasive wear by hard surfacing is difficult to made because the missing of adequate materials. This fact imposed the elaboration and implementation into industrial production of a new generation of materials with adequate properties. In order to assure the wear protection of the surfaces in contact with materials to be processed, these surfaces must be characterized by high hardness and toughness. Elaboration of the product recipe for the electrodes type Fe-25%Cr-4%W-V-Ti-La was made by comparison between the data mentioned in the speciality literature and the experimental results obtained by SIMPLEX method for wear resistance. Improving the depositions toughness was obtained by microalloying with lanthanides, but structures finishing was made by addition of V and Ti. In the slagging process, the electrodes basicity was min. 3.2 BB units, and metallic powders were been elected in such a way as the electrodes to be in the grade of max. 5cm3 /100g deposited metal. The deposited metal using the electrodes fabricated in the above mentioned conditions has a fine grained martensitic structure, having a high content of complex carbides of Cr, V and Ti, and the hardness of min. 60 HRC.
Corrosion analysis and diagnosis – useful tools for plant life management and long term operation programmes in nuclear power plant
Authors:   Institute for Nuclear Research, LUCAN DUMITRA , JINESCU GHEORGHITA ,   Politehnica University of Bucharest
Published: November 2022

Steam Generator degradation has caused substantial losses of power generation, resulted in large repair and maintenance costs. Institute for Nuclear Research has carried out an extensive R&D program focused on the understanding of the degradation processes especially for the tubing material and on developing remedial actions in the purpose to prevent and diminish the ageing process of which evolution supposes some considerable economic costs. Because of the huge impact of corrosion, it is imperative to have a systematic approach to recognizing and diminish corrosion problems as soon as possible after they become apparent. A proper failure analysis includes collection of pertinent background data and service history, followed by visual inspection, photographic documentation, material evaluation, data review and conclusion procurement. In analyzing corrosion failures, one must recognize the wide range of common corrosion mechanisms. The features of any corrosion failure give strong clues as to the most likely cause of the corrosion. The principal steps of analysis and diagnosis of the steam generator tubes degradations consist in: visual inspection, chemical analysis, cross section examination by optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), data review, conclusions and recommendations. The paper details a proven approach to properly determining the root cause of a failure, and includes metallographic illustrations of the most common corrosion mechanisms, including general corrosion, pitting, crevice corrosion, corrosion fatigue and intergranular corrosion.
Nutritional Determinants of Birth Weight Status of Newborns at Jaramogi Oginga Odinga Teaching and Referral Hospital, Kenya
Authors:   Maseno University, Lucia Kaluki Mutwika , Agatha Christine Onyango ,   Maseno University, David Omondi Okeyo
Published: November 2022

Low birth weight (LBW) is a major public health problem and cause of mortality and morbidity in infants, especially in developing countries. Globally, 15.5% of all babies are born with a LBW and 95.6% of them in developing countries. In Kenya, 8% of babies are born with a LBW and at Jaramogi Oginga Odinga Teaching and Referral Hospital (JOOTRH) it is 11.1%. Despite several efforts such as antenatal care services put in place to improve the quality of maternal and child health, the rates of LBW are still high. This study assessed the nutritional determinants of birth weight status of newborns at JOOTRH, Kenya. This was a cross-sectional study with a sample size of 131 babies and their mothers, from a total population of 538 deliveries during the study period. Systematic random sampling was used to select the respondents. Data was collected using a questionnaire and anthropometric assessment form. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression. The prevalence of low birthweight was 13.7%. LBW was strongly associated with total weight gain during pregnancy (AOR = 7.235, 95% CI: 1.223 - 42.776), mid-upper-arm circumference (AOR = 7.737, 95% CI: 1.39 - 42.784), meals taken per day (AOR = 6.99, 95% CI: 0.975 - 50.119) and haemoglobin levels (COR = 3.267, 95% CI: 1.065 - 10.02). Standing or straining during pregnancy had no association with LBW. A focused antenatal clinic with emphasis on nutrition health education and counseling on healthy eating during pregnancy to promote the recommended weight gain are all important in reducing LBW. Key words: Newborn, Birth weight, Low birth weight, Prevalence, nutritional determinants
Household Income, Maternal Nutrition Awareness and Dietary Diversity in Complementary Foods Given to Infants and Children in North Horr Ward Marsabit County, Kenya
Authors:   Kisii University, Katelo Wata Kame , Nguka Gordon ,   Masinde Muliro University, Wanjau Tabitha ,   Kisii University
Published: November 2022

Household income is emerging as an important factor in the achievement of dietary diversity of complementary foods given to infants and young children. High levels of malnutrition among children experienced in the arid and semi-arid lands of northern Kenya have been attributed to lack of dietary diversity of foods consumed. Previous studies have in fact linked household income with dietary diversity of foods. Nevertheless, maternal nutrition awareness has equally emerged as a critical factor in realizing dietary diversity in complementary foods in arid and semi-arid lands. This study employs the ex-post facto research design and the Hayes’ macro ‘PROCESS’ approach to examine the direct effects of household income on dietary diversity of complementary foods given to infants and young children in north Horr sub-county, and the associated moderating influence of maternal nutrition awareness on these effects. Using a purposive sample of 364 mothers of infants and young children in the age bracket 6-24 months, the study confirms the existence of direct effects of household income on dietary diversity, which are however enhanced by maternal nutrition awareness. It is therefore apparent that maternal nutrition awareness is a vital factor in the relationship between household income and dietary diversity of complementary foods. Policy makers and nutritional stakeholders should consider investing in maternal nutrition awareness alongside household income among mothers in Arid and Semi-Arid Lands (ASAL), in order to reduce levels of malnutrition experienced in children under 24 months in those areas. Future studies should however triangulate sources of data for purposes of enhancing external validity. Key words: Household income; dietary diversity; maternal nutrition awareness; complementary foods; arid and semi-arid lands.
Effects of a supplementary feeding program on the nutritional status of children in Daynile District Hospital Mogadishu, Somalia
Authors:   Nairobi University, Isse Abdi Abdisalam , Ngala Sophie , Wambua Mulwa Kaindi Dasel ,   Nairobi University
Published: November 2022

Infant growth is an important variable that determines the nutritional and health status of children and during growth faltering supplementary feeding is very essential and saves a child’s life. The overall purpose of this study was to establish the association between dietary intake of supplementary foods on recovery and growth of children attending Daynile district hospital in Mogadishu, Somalia. A one month follow-up period longitudinal study with 28 participants was pulled from a baseline study that included 196 children (6-59 months) attending Daynile District Hospital. Children with global acute malnutrition (z-score less than minus two (-2)) were selected for the follow up study. Data was collected using digitized questionnaires in the Open Data Kit (ODK). Baseline data was analyzed using SPSS v20 software, nutrient intake and follow up data were analyzed using Python version 3.7 while Ena-For-SMART version 2015 was used for analysis of anthropometric data. P-value less than 0.05 were considered significant. From the baseline study, majority (90.3%) of the children had eaten food prepared from dairy products. Carbohydrates such as grains, tubers, and roots were also among the highest (88.8%) consumed foods. The study children had a high prevalence of stunting (18.4%), wasting (17.3%), and underweight (27%). A significant association (p=0.032) between mother’s complementary feeding practices, household income and minimum meal frequency was observed. From the longitudinal study, the feeding regime indicated that 9 out of 28 children (32%) transitioned from Ready to Use Supplementary Foods (RUSF) to Lipid based Nutrient Supplement (LNS), 7 out of 28 (25%) did not transition from RUSF while the remaining 12 (43%) children received LNS all through the entire one month of monitoring. At the end of the follow up, 56% (16 children) improved and were transitioned to LNS. The overall mean height, weight, and mid upper arm circumference differences for all the children who took RUSF and LNS slightly increased throughout the assessment period though the mean difference was not statistically significant. Treatment of moderate acute malnutrition with RUSF and LNS resulted in recovery of children. Therefore, there’s need to introduce effective and sustainable supplemental feeding programmes as a stop-gap solution in an effort to address the high malnutrition rates among these children. Keywords: child growth, nutrition status, supplementary foods, dietary intake
Oikeusvaltio ja oikeusvarmuus Euroopan unionissa
Authors: Raitio Juha
Published: November 2022

In this article the EU concepts of rule of law and legal certainty are studied from the perspective of legal theory and EU law. The rule of law and legal certainty are both underlying principles of Western societies. They are neither defined in any paragraph of national laws nor in international treaties. Both are principles, which comprise various more precise principles from the perspective of their scope of application. The rule of law is both normative and legal cultural principle, which illustrates the legal system of an active civil society in the European context. Legal certainty, in turn, relates especially to the demand of predictability in legal decision-making, which is one of the elements of the rule of law as well. Both the rule of law and the principle of legal certainty have formal and substantive meaning, which can be illustrated by referring to the Article 2 TEU according to which the rule of law requires liberal democracy and the protection of human rights.
Muistijälkien kirjoittaminen aivojen kovalevylle unen aikana takkuilee Alzheimerin taudissa
Authors: Tanila Heikki
Published: November 2022

”Why do we need to sleep?” is still a question with no unambiguous answer. New findings from brain research suggest that one important function of sleep is to enable the transfer of temporary memories from deep brain structures to long-term storage in the cerebral cortex. This article describes from step to step how this process is thought to occur at the level of a single neuron and neural networks. The transfer of episodic memories from the hippocampus in the medial temporal lobe to the cerebral cortex explains a well-known paradox: an elderly person with Alzheimer’s disease can remember even small details of decade-old events but fails to remember what happened only a few hours ago. Transfer of the memory engram particularly during sleep and typical sleep fragmentation at early stages of Alzheimer’s disease can at least partly account for the poor memory of recent events. A better understanding of the underlying factors and mechanisms can help us develop new treatments to strengthen the weak parts in this chain of events and thereby enhance remembering of new events.
Miten pyhä teksti toimii?
Authors: Jokiranta Jutta
Published: November 2022

Religious institutions and faith communities should recognize and acknowledge the nature of sacred texts as constantly changing and renewing resources, and societies should recognize and acknowledge human ways of committing to sacred texts and their claims. We call for an understanding of the processes by which certain texts became and become to be distinguished as special or sacred and of the consequences of such commitments. This article explores Jewish/Judean manuscript culture at the turn of the era when ideas of sacred texts started to be formed; this offers possibilities of reflection of modern processes. Sacred texts are not only conceptualized as divine speech or divinely inspired writings. Our investigation offers three areas of study needed to analyse the functioning of sacred texts in the past and the present: the material mediation of texts, the role of the community and its ritual life, and changes in content and interpretation.
Analytisk kemi – några reflektioner
Authors: Bobacka Johan
Published: November 2022

Analytical chemistry is an interdisciplinary field of science related to many practical applications, such as clinical diagnostics, environmental monitoring and industrial process analysis. Over the last 50 years, chemical analytics has evolved from centralized laboratory measurements towards on-line and distributed analysis, including wearable chemical sensors for personal health monitoring. In this article I wish to reflect upon these developments in analytical chemistry, illustrated by examples from my own research. The text provides a glimpse of analytical chemistry from my personal perspective.
Acid sulfate soils: A challenge for environmental sustainability
Authors: Yli-Halla Markku
Published: November 2022

Acid sulfate (AS) soils contain sulfidic compounds formed in anaerobic conditions. In aerobic conditions, they will oxidize to sulfuric acid, which commonly lowers the pH to 3 – 4. These soils cover approximately 10,000 km2 in Finland, mainly on the western coast, and over 170,000 km2 globally. Acidity and the metals dissolved from the soil matrix and leached out of the soil are serious threats to aquatic biota. Initially, AS soils were regarded as an exclusively agricultural problem, but since the 1970s nearly all studies of AS soils have been environmentally motivated. Awareness of these soils has also risen in forestry, peat mining, and in engineering projects. Liming and water management are the key methods toward the sustainable use of these soils.