bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ultrasonic dissection versus electrocautery dissection in laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis: a randomized controlled trial (SONOCHOL-trial)
Authors: Blohm My , Sandblom Gabriel , Enochsson Lars , Cengiz Yücel , Bayadsi Haytham , Hennings Joakim , Diaz Pannes Angelica , Stenberg Erik , Bewö Kerstin , Österberg Johanna
Published: November 2024

Background

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy with ultrasonic dissection presents a compelling alternative to conventional electrocautery. The evidence for elective cholecystectomy supports the adoption of ultrasonic dissection, citing advantages such as reduced operating time, diminished bleeding, shorter hospital stays and decreased postoperative pain and nausea. However, the efficacy of this procedure in emergency surgery and patients diagnosed with acute cholecystitis remains uncertain. The aim of this study was to compare outcomes of electrocautery and ultrasonic dissection in patients with acute cholecystitis.

Methods

A randomized, parallel, double-blinded, multicentre controlled trial was conducted across eight Swedish hospitals. Eligible participants were individuals aged ≥ 18 years with acute cholecystitis lasting ≤ 7 days. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed in the emergency setting as soon as local circumstances permitted. Random allocation to electrocautery or ultrasonic dissection was performed in a 1:1 ratio. The primary endpoint was the total complication rate, analysed using an intention-to-treat approach. The primary outcome was analysed using logistic generalized estimated equations. Patients, postoperative caregivers, and follow-up personnel were blinded to group assignment.

Results

From September 2019 to March 2023, 300 patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to electrocautery dissection (n = 148) and ultrasonic dissection (n = 152). No significant difference in complication rate was observed between the groups (risk difference [RD] 1.6%, 95% confidence interval [CI], − 7.2% to 10.4%, P = 0.720). No significant disparities in operating time, conversion rate, hospital stay or readmission rates between the groups were noted. Haemostatic agents were more frequently used in electrocautery dissection (RD 10.6%, 95% CI, 1.3% to 19.8%, P = 0.025).

Conclusions

Ultrasonic dissection and electrocautery dissection demonstrate comparable risks for complications in emergency surgery for patients with acute cholecystitis. Ultrasonic dissection is a viable alternative to electrocautery dissection or can be used as a complementary method in laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis.

Trial registration

The trial was registered prior to conducting the research on http://clinical.trials.gov, NCT03014817.
Evaluating attachment-based family therapy in residential treatment in the United States: does adolescents’ increased attachment security to caregivers lead to decreases in depressive symptoms?
Authors: Diamond Guy , Rivers Alannah Shelby , Winston-Lindeboom Payne , Russon Jody , Roeske Michael
Published: November 2024

Background

The inclusion of family therapy in residential treatment centers (RTCs) has increased over time. However, there is little data on whether empirically-supported family therapies (ESFTs) are being adopted and if they contribute to treatment effectiveness. This study aimed to test whether Attachment-Based Family Therapy (ABFT), an ESFT integrated into a large residential psychiatric system, would improve perceived attachment insecurity (anxiety and avoidance) and contribute to decreases in depression for adolescents.

Method

ABFT was integrated into the clinical program of a large, residential psychiatric system. All family therapists were trained to a level of certification. Improvement was measured by changes in adolescent’s perceived attachment to caregivers and reduction in depressive symptoms. The sample included 4786 patients. Attachment insecurity and depressive symptoms were measured at intake, week 3, and week 5. A random-intercept, cross-lagged panel model was used to examine the relationships between attachment and depression over time.

Results

The results generally supported hypotheses. Attachment insecurity and depressive symptoms improved over the five weeks of treatment. Improvements in attachment avoidance preceded improvements in depressive symptoms within subjects, over time. Simultaneously, improvements in depressive symptoms preceded those in both dimensions of attachment. Thus, improvement in perceived attachment was associated with a reduction in depressive symptoms.

Conclusion

RTCs that can generate improvements in attachment insecurity and depressive symptoms, via ABFT or other ESFTs, might improve treatment outcomes, and ideally, adolescents’ successful transition back home to families. More research is needed to disentangle the contribution of ABFT and other treatment elements in a multimodal, residential treatment program. The study supports the call for increased incorporation of families into the RTC treatment process.
Natural killer cell biology and therapy in multiple myeloma: challenges and opportunities
Authors: Bisht Kamlesh , Merino Aimee , Igarashi Rob , Gauthier Laurent , Chiron Marielle , Desjonqueres Alexandre , Smith Eric , Briercheck Edward , Romee Rizwan , Alici Evren , Vivier Eric , O’Dwyer Michael , van de Velde Helgi
Published: November 2024

Despite therapeutic advancements, multiple myeloma (MM) remains incurable. NK cells have emerged as a promising option for the treatment of MM. NK cells are heterogenous and typically classified based on the relative expression of their surface markers (e.g., CD56 and CD16a). These cells elicit an antitumor response in the presence of low mutational burden and without neoantigen presentation via germline-encoded activating and inhibitory receptors that identify the markers of transformation present on the MM cells. Higher NK cell activity is associated with improved survival and prognosis, whereas lower activity is associated with advanced clinical stage and disease progression in MM. Moreover, not all NK cell phenotypes contribute equally toward the anti-MM effect; higher proportions of certain NK cell phenotypes result in better outcomes. In MM, the proportion, phenotype, and function of NK cells are drastically varied between different disease stages; this is further influenced by the bone marrow microenvironment, proportion of activating and inhibitory receptors on NK cells, expression of homing receptors, and bone marrow hypoxia. Antimyeloma therapies, such as autologous stem cell transplant, immunomodulation, proteasome inhibition, and checkpoint inhibition, further modulate the NK cell landscape in the patients. Thus, NK cells can naturally work in tandem with anti-MM therapies and be strategically modulated for improved anti-MM effect. This review article describes immunotypic and phenotypic differences in NK cells along with the functional changes in homeostatic and malignant states and provides expert insights on strategies to harness the potential of NK cells for improving outcomes in MM.
Intraoperative Goal-Directed Fluid Therapy and Outcomes After Oncologic Surgeries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Jin Zhaosheng , Razak Alina , Huang Huang , Muthukumar Arun , Murphy Jasper , Shteynman Lana , Bergese Sergio D. , Gan Tong J.
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND:

Surgery is the first-line curative treatment for most solid-organ malignancies. During major surgeries, fluid under- or over administration can have a significant impact on recovery and postoperative outcomes. For patients undergoing oncologic surgery, delayed recovery or complications could additionally impact subsequent oncologic treatment planning. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the impact of goal-directed fluid therapy (GDFT) on perioperative outcomes after oncologic surgeries.

METHODS:

We systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Web of Science citation index for clinical trials comparing the GDFT to routine clinical care. The primary outcomes of interest are the hospital length of stay and the total incidence of postoperative complications. Secondary outcomes include organ-specific complications and recovery of bowel function.

RESULTS:

The literature search was last updated on February 17, 2024. We identified a total of 24 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing GDFT to routine care with 1172 and 1186 patients, respectively. The GDFT arm had a significantly shorter length of hospital stay (mean difference [MD], 1.57 days, 95% confidence interval [CI], −2.29 to −0.85, P < .01), as well as lower incidence of complications (risk ratio, 0.74, 95% CI, 0.56–0.97, P = .03). The GDFT arm also had a shorter time to bowel function recovery (MD, 0.58 days, 95% CI, −1.02 to −0.14, P = .01). None of the included trials reported the longer-term oncologic outcomes. The overall certainty of evidence is low due to between-study variance and study risk of bias. Trial sequence analysis indicates that further studies are unlikely to alter the conclusion regarding postoperative length of stay but may provide further information on the postoperative complications.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that in oncologic surgery, intraoperative GDFT significantly reduces the length of hospital stay, lowers the risk of complications, and facilitates bowel function recovery. Further studies are required to evaluate whether the improvement in early postoperative outcomes leads to better long-term oncologic outcomes.
Dorsolateral Transdural Surgical Management of Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension From Ventral Dural Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks: Case Series and Technical Report
Authors: Wu Adela , Mamlouk Mark D. , Sedrak Mark F.
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND and OBJECTIVES:

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension is an uncommon but debilitating condition that commonly involves positional headaches and vertigo. One cause is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage from ventral dural defects from calcified spinal discs. Patients can undergo epidural blood or fibrin glue patches as treatment; however, in cases where the leak does not resolve, surgical repair of the dural tear may be warranted. We aim to describe a case series and technical notes for these patients.

METHODS:

Patients with spontaneous intracranial hypotension because of myelography-confirmed ventral dural defect from calcified thoracic disc, who were treated surgically between June 2020 and March 2024, were included in the study cohort. Demographic information, clinical course, and postoperative outcomes were collected. The surgical technique was also described based on an illustrative case.

RESULTS:

Twelve consecutive patients underwent surgery between June 2020 and March 2024 with postoperative records. The median age at the time of surgery was 41.5 years (range: 28-58 years). Male patients comprised 50% of the cohort. Dural defects were spread throughout the thoracic spine in the cohort. While all patients reported positional headaches, other symptoms included vertigo, pulsatile tinnitus, and neck pain. Median length of follow-up time was 6.5 weeks. There were no surgical complications or permanent neurologic deficits. All patients had radiologic cure of their leaks with absence of extradural CSF on postoperative MR imaging. Ten patients (83.3%) had complete resolution of spontaneous intracranial hypotension-related symptoms. Two patients did suffer from rebound headaches postoperatively.

CONCLUSION:

The dorsolateral transdural surgical approach is a safe and effective method to repair type 1 CSF leaks caused by ventral dural defects. Our case series of 12 patients did not involve any surgical or immediate postoperative complications, and all patients had radiologic resolution of their leaks with relief of positional headaches. Two patients experienced continued headaches after treatment.
Does Transforaminal Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy Provide More Value than Microdiscectomy? An Application of the Operative Value Index
Authors: Sarikonda Advith , Leibold Adam , Sami Ashmal , Amaravadi Cheritesh R. , Mansoor Ali Daniyal , Thalheimer Sara , Jallo Jack , Heller Joshua , Prasad Srinivas K. , Sharan Ashwini , Harrop James , Vaccaro Alexander R. , Sivaganesan Ahilan
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

A few studies have compared the value (outcomes per dollar spent) provided by transforaminal endoscopic discectomy (TED) vs microdiscectomy (MD) for lumbar disc herniations. Here, we attempt to address this gap using a novel Operative Value Index (OVI), which combines a procedure-specific patient-reported outcome with intraoperative cost data based on time-driven activity-based costing.

METHODS:

MD (n = 95) and TED (n = 23) performed by neurosurgeons at our institution from 2017 to 2022 were retrospectively identified. Time-driven activity-based costing was applied to identify both direct and indirect costs for all cases. Individual costs were obtained by direct observation, electronic medical records, and through consulting multiple departments (including business operations, sterile processing, plant operations, and pharmacy). Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores were prospectively collected at baseline and 3 months after surgery. Our primary outcome of interest was the OVI, defined as the percent change in the ODI per $1000 spent intraoperatively. Generalized linear mixed model regression was performed to assess whether TED was associated with significantly different OVI as compared to MD. Similar analyses were also performed for operative times and length of stay.

RESULTS:

The average intraoperative cost of a TED was $3698, as compared to $3410 for an MD. For both procedures, this total cost was largely driven by the cost of supplies and personnel. Multivariable regression revealed that MD was associated with significantly higher OVI (β-coefficient: 7.2, P < .05) and lower operative times (β-coefficient: - 34.6 minutes, P < .01) compared with TED, with no significant differences in length of stay (P = .17).

CONCLUSION:

When performed by surgeons at our institution from 2017 to 2022, MD was associated with a 7% greater improvement in ODI per $1000 spent intraoperatively. Continual assessment of value over time (both for established procedures and new techniques) will become increasingly important with the emergence of value-based care.
Neuroapraxia of Trigeminal Nerve Controlled by Neuromonitoring During Microvascular Decompression in Multiple Sclerosis Patients Affected by Drug-Resistant Trigeminal Neuralgia Recurrent After Previous Operations
Authors: Montano Nicola , Martinelli Renata , Izzo Alessandro , D'Alessandris Quintino Giorgio , Burattini Benedetta , D'Ercole Manuela , Di Domenico Michele , Olivi Alessandro
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE:

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) can complicate the clinical course of multiple sclerosis (MS) and can be very difficult to treat. Usually, these patients experience multiple recurrences after surgical procedures with a poor overall outcome. To the best of our knowledge, we report the first 3 cases of drug-resistant MS-related TN recurrent after previous operations in which intraoperative neuromonitoring controlled neuroapraxia of trigeminal nerve was performed. We describe the surgical technique, report the clinical outcomes of patients, and review the pertinent literature.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION:

Neuroapraxia of trigeminal nerve was conducted using a standard straight Yasargil temporary titanium aneurysm clip on the main trunk of the trigeminal nerve. Trigeminal somatosensory evoked potentials and cortico-bulbar motor evoked potentials registered from trigeminal and facial nerves were recorded during the procedure. The trigeminal nerve clipping was conducted for a maximum of 30 seconds or less in the case of a decrease in neurophysiological responses. The preoperative Barrow Neurological Institute score was V, IV, and IV for the 3 patients, respectively. We obtained acute pain relief in all patients after the procedure. All patients had a Barrow Neurological Institute I at the latest follow-up (10, 10, and 9 months, respectively). No complications were reported postoperatively and at follow-up.

CONCLUSION:

Intraoperative neuromonitoring controlled neuroapraxia of trigeminal nerve with temporary titanium aneurysm clip application during microvascular decompression is a promising and safe procedure in MS patients with recurrent MS-related TN. Further studies with longer follow-up are needed to confirm our encouraging results.
Χωρική ανάλυση 3D μοντέλων πόλεων σε περιβάλλον Γεωγραφικών Συστημάτων Πληροφοριών (GIS) και η αξιοποίησή τους από τεχνολογίες επαυξημένης πραγματικότητας (AR)
Authors: Λιάμης Θεόδωρος
Published: November 2024

Στόχος της διατριβής είναι η ανάδειξη των βέλτιστων λύσεων για τη χωρική ανάλυση τριδιάστατων (3D) μοντέλων πόλεων σε περιβάλλον Συστημάτων Γεωγραφικών Πληροφοριών (GIS ) και η δυνατότητα αξιοποίησης τους μέσω τεχνολογιών επαυξημένης πραγματικότητας (AR ). Προκειμένου να επιτευχθεί ο στόχος επιχειρήθηκε να απαντηθούν μία σειρά από ερωτήματα που αφορούν: Την αδυναμία εξεύρεσης κατάλληλων δεδομένων 3D μοντελοποίησης, την ενσωμάτωση χωρικής πληροφορίας σε αυτά και τέλος τις δυνατότητες οπτικοποίησης τους μέσω τεχνολογίας AR. Στα πλαίσια της διατριβής αναπτύχθηκαν τρεις πρωτότυπες εφαρμογές που επιχειρούν να δώσουν απαντήσεις στα ερευνητικά ερωτήματα της διατριβής. Η διατριβή αποτελείται από δύο μέρη. Στο πρώτο μέρος παρουσιάζεται το θεωρητικό πλαίσιο και γίνεται παράθεση των ερευνητικών ερωτημάτων. Αξιολογείται ο ρόλος της πληροφορίας και παρουσιάζεται η περιγραφική ικανότητα των χωρικών πληροφοριών. Επίκεντρο της διατριβής είναι η ενσωμάτωση αυτής της πληροφορίας σε 3D μοντέλα και στη συνέχεια η οπτικοποίηση τους. Καταγράφονται οι περιορισμοί της διδιάστατης (2D) αναπαράστασης, παρατίθενται οι βασικές έννοιες της 3D μοντελοποίησης και αναλύεται το πώς η 3D μοντελοποίηση άλλαξε τον τρόπο που αντιλαμβανόμαστε τον κόσμο που μας περιβάλλει. Παρουσιάζεται το σημαντικότερο σημασιολογικό πρότυπο CityGML και καταγράφονται οι περιορισμοί του. Το πρώτο μέρος της διατριβής ολοκληρώνεται με την παρουσίαση της τεχνολογίας AR. Στο δεύτερο μέρος παρουσιάζονται τρεις πρωτότυπες εφαρμογές, οι οποίες αναπτύχθηκαν στα πλαίσια της διδακτορικής διατριβής. Η πρώτη εφαρμογή που υλοποιήθηκε είναι μια αυτοματοποιημένη μεθοδολογία δημιουργίας μαζικών δεδομένων για τη δημιουργία εκτεταμένων 3D αστικών χώρων. Η δεύτερη αφορά μία πρόταση επέκτασης (GRextADE) της τρέχουσας έκδοσης του προτύπου CityGML προκειμένου να καλύψει τις ανάγκες 3D σχεδιασμού του αστικού χώρου για την περίπτωση της Ελλάδας. Η τρίτη εφαρμογή, που υλοποιήθηκε στα πλαίσια της διατριβής, αφορά την αξιοποίηση της τεχνολογίας AR προκειμένου να οπτικοποιηθεί η χωρική πληροφορία που έχει ενσωματωθεί στα 3D μοντέλα. Η διατριβή ολοκληρώνεται με την παρουσίαση των συμπερασμάτων και την αξιολόγηση των υλοποιούμενων εφαρμογών.
Καινοτόμα υβριδικά νανοσωματίδια αργύρου-οξειδίου του σιδήρου πολλαπλής λειτουργικότητας για θερανοστικές εφαρμογές στον καρκίνο του γλοιοβλαστώματος
Authors: Νικολοπούλου Σοφία
Published: November 2024

Στόχος της παρούσας διατριβής είναι η διερεύνηση της σύνθεσης πολυλειτουργικών νανολουλουδιών με διαφορετικές ιδιότητες με στόχο τη χρήση τους στη διάγνωση και θεραπεία του γλοιοβλαστώματος. Η ερευνητική δραστηριότητα χωρίζεται σε τέσσερις ενότητες. Στην πρώτη ενότητα συντέθηκαν με επιτυχία υβριδικά νανολουλούδια αργύρου – οξειδίου του σιδήρου και πραγματοποιήθηκε μελέτη των παραγόντων που επηρεάζουν την αντίδραση σχηματισμού τους, με σκοπό την καλύτερη κατανόησή της. Τα νανολουλούδια χαρακτηρίστηκαν ως προς τις φυσικοχημικές τους ιδιότητες και ακολούθησε η βιολογική τους αξιολόγηση για τη διερεύνηση των αντικαρκινικών ιδιοτήτων τους και την αξιολόγηση της διαγνωστικής τους ικανότητας στον καρκίνο. Στη δεύτερη και τρίτη ενότητα πραγματοποιήθηκε εγκλωβισμός των νανολουλουδιών σε λιποσώματα και επικάλυψη των νανολουλουδιών με μεβράνες ερυθρών αιμοσφαιρίων, αντίστοιχα. Και στις δύο περιπτώσεις πραγματοποιήθηκε συν-ενθυλάκωση του επιλεγμένου φαρμάκου, δηλαδή της λιδοκαΐνης. Στόχος ήταν η βελτίωση της βιοσυμβατότητας των νανολουλουδιών και η σύγκριση των φυσικοχημικών ιδιοτήτων και της βιολογικής δράσης μεταξύ της λιπιδικής διπλοστοιβάδας που προέρχεται από συνθετικά λιπίδια (λιποσώματα) σε σχέση με τη λιπιδική διπλοστοιβάδα προερχόμενη από φυσικά λιπίδια (μεμβράνες ερυθρών αιμοσφαιρίων). Τέλος, στην τέταρτη ενότητα μελετήθηκε η ενεργητική στόχευση του γλοιοβλαστώματος, που επιτεύχθηκε στα νανοσωματίδια μέσω της τροποποίησής τους με το μόριο της τρανσφερίνης. Η επιλογή της τρανσφερίνης βασίστηκε στην εκλεκτικότερη αλληλεπίδραση που παρουσιάζει με τον αιματοεγκεφαλικό φραγμό, το σημείο κλειδί για τη διάγνωση και θεραπεία του γλοιοβλαστώματος.
Post-pubertal management of undescended testes from the malignancy risk point of view: a systematic review
Authors: Tendi William , Raharja Putu Angga Risky , Wahyudi Irfan , Rodjani Arry , Situmorang Gerhard Reinaldi
Published: November 2024

Background Undescended testes (UDT) is a condition where one or both testes is absent in the scrotum. The general age recommendation in which the treatment should be performed is before 18 months old due to the infertility risk and malignancy in later life. In post-pubertal UDT, the current guideline recommends orchiectomy; however, the strength rating of this recommendation is weak. Therefore, this study aimed to provide a systematic review of post-pubertal UDT treatment, focusing on the malignancy risk point of view. Methods A systematic search was performed using PubMed, Wiley Online Library and the Cochrane Library up to 5 March 2023. Any study with either post-pubertal orchiectomy or orchidopexy in patients with UDT and reporting the testicular malignancy was included. The exclusion criteria were studies with lack of information of UDT correction time, no history of correction and the full text wasn’t available. The data collected were the occurrence of testicular malignancy in post-pubertal UDT patients corrected with any method. Quality and bias assessment was assessed with Newcastle-Ottawa scale and Joanna Briggs Institute tools. Results Seven articles (three case reports and four observational studies) were reviewed with a total of 42 patients who underwent post-pubertal correction of either unilateral or bilateral UDT. The correction age ranged from 13 to 34 years old, with follow-up of 48.7–252 months. Among those who developed malignancies, the most common were seminoma, teratoma and carcinoma in situ of the testes. In addition, this study was able to propose an algorithm for post-pubertal UDT treatment strategy. Conclusions The scarce resource was the main limitation of this study. Nevertheless, this review showed that post-pubertal UDT management should be tailored individually. Several factors that should be considered include the condition of the contralateral descended testis, UDT location, serum testosterone level, patient’s age, comorbidities, and interest in fertility.
Climate Change and Veterinary Medicine: A Call to Action for a Healthier Planet
Authors: Akello Winnifred
Published: November 2024

Abstract Climate change is rapidly transforming ecosystems and reshaping the landscapes of animal health, with profound consequences for public health, food security, and biodiversity. Rising temperatures, shifting weather patterns, and increased frequency of natural disasters are driving the emergence and spread of infectious diseases, particularly zoonotic and vector-borne diseases. These environmental shifts endanger the health and welfare of animals and the delicate balance between human populations, livestock, and wildlife. As the stewards of animal health, veterinarians are uniquely positioned to lead the change in addressing these complex challenges at the nexus of human, animal, and environmental health and well-being. This article calls for urgent actions to integrate climate adaptation and mitigation strategies into veterinary practice and education. It underscores the critical need for veterinarians to embrace the One Health approach to tackle climate-driven disease outbreaks and the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance to safeguard human and animal populations while protecting natural ecosystems. The article further explores the role of veterinarians in fostering sustainable agricultural practices, reducing the environmental impact of livestock production, conserving biodiversity and advocating for policy reforms that protect both animal and planetary health. As we face an era of unprecedented climate disruption, this call to action aims to inspire the global veterinary community to actively get involved in combating climate change and its worst impacts. By building climate-resilient practices, enhancing disease surveillance, and championing environmental stewardship, veterinarians can contribute significantly to a healthier, more sustainable future for all species on Earth.
New in the Law on Mutual Insurance
Authors: Smirnov E.
Published: November 2024

Last summer, the Russian Parliament adopted Federal Law No. 256-FZ «On Amendments to the Federal Law On Mutual Insurance and Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation», which opens up great opportunities for the development of mutual insurance as a form of insurance protection.
Regulating and Stimulating the Activities of Non-Ferrous Metallurgy Enterprises when Building a Circular Economy
Authors: Kalickiy Yaroslav
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to the topic of the need to choose between regulation and stimulation of companies operating in the field of non-ferrous and ferrous metallurgy, in the context of sustainable development initiatives, ESG and circular economy. The main focus is on alternative RDF fuel. Along with regulating the activities of companies in this industry, of particular interest is stimulating their transition to secondary consumption of resources and other green energy initiatives.
Cemeteries of the Churches of Our Lady in Summo in Ostrów Tumski in Poznań from the second half of the 10th? towards the late 18th century – variety of funeral practices
Authors: Antowska-Gorączniak Olga
Published: November 2024

Abstract. The cemetery of the Church of Our Lady on Ostrów Tumski in Poznań was mentioned in written sources for the first time after the consecration of the Gothic collegiate church (1448), together with the information concerning the construction of a wall in the years 1465-1466. However, observations resulting from archaeological research suggest that the dead could have been buried also in the pre-Romanesque palace chapel. In total, about 160 graves were recorded around the Gothic church and inside it, as well as numerous human bones, either in clusters or separate. The obtained data concerned various forms of burials, arrangement of skeletons, and grave goods. In the later phase of the cemetery, within the area south of the church, a change in the orientation of the skeletons was observed, while in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries an arrangement of three rows of graves appeared. The most recent of the burials seems to be an ossuary in the middle of the central nave. Towards the end of the eighteenth century, human bones, transferred from the cathedral, being rebuilt at the time, were reburied there. The results of archaeological research of the cemetery have been confronted with written sources and iconography of Ostrów Tumski. From the south, west and north, relics of the brick and stone cemetery wall were also recognised. The material obtained during field works requires further detailed analyses and research: either archaeological or anthropological, and also in terms of conservation.
The urban cemetery in Wielkie Księstwo Poznańskie and the rural cemetery in Prusy Wschodnie. Similarities and differences in Evangelical burial rites
Authors: Waszczuk Kamilla , Żychliński Daniel , Pachulski Piotr
Published: November 2024

This article compares two necropolises of people of Evangelical faith located in different regions of the present Polish lands examined in their entirety in connection of rescue archaeological research. The first cemetery was located in the village of Łaziska in Wielkopolska (Greater Poland), the second in the village of Ciernie in Mazury (Masuria). The analysis showed a number of similarities between these two burial sites. However, differences in the wealth and origin of the communities using the necropolises were noticed, which, according to the authors, had its source in the different dynamics of the historical and social transformations of these two regions.
inner perimeter of the town fortifications and its role in the townspace
Authors: Legut-Pintal Maria , Mruczek Roland
Published: November 2024

The aim of the article is to trace changes in the development of the area of the former town fortifications as an example of space recycling and adapting the town to changing conditions. A case study was carried out of Wrocław, one of the few cities in Poland with an inner and outer perimeters of mediaeval fortifications. We used archaeological sources, architectural research, documents and iconography to reconstruct the changes in the urban plots created by the division of the fortification area. Town walls change function from the military objects through the workshops, residential buildings, gardens, roads, up to their demolition. The role of the inner moat is also described, with attention drawn to ecological aspects of its functioning. Efforts were made to determine the long-term impact of those transformations on the social structure and city development.
Attempt at specifying the attribution of late medieval leather amulets From Central and Eastern Europe
Authors: Wachowski Krzysztof , Nawrolska Grażyna
Published: November 2024

We determine the function of the so-called leather amulets, of which we already know 50 specimens, mainly as identifiers of medieval messengers. In several cases, we managed to identify the connection between the amulets and document/letter cases and to specify other tangible attributes of messengers. Owing to the diversity of the iconographic programme and, occasionally, also of inscriptions, we were able to identify the issuers of these artefacts, albeit not without some reservations: rulers, the wealthy, municipal self-governments, trade organizations, minnesingers, bishops, religious fraternities, commanders of the Teutonic Order, and Jews. As for now, we know of only one workshop where the amulets and document cases were manufactured, specifically, in Nysa, Silesia; however, only part of the known products were made there. The origin of the amulets not discovered yet in Western Europe is still to be determined, along with specifying the function of love amulets and identifying coats of arms of commanders known from the amulets, as well as narrowing down the identification of the emblem of a mermaid with a specific trade organization.
Horse skulls revisited. Analyses of selected deposits from the territory of Poland
Authors: Szczepanik Paweł , Makowiecki Daniel , Chudziak Wojciech
Published: November 2024

The article presents results of the most recent study on three assemblages of horse skulls and bones presented in older publications as early medieval deposits. In the course of the project “Horse in Poland in the Times of the Early Piasts and Internal Fragmentation. AnInterdisciplinaryStudy”, they were subjected to multifaceted archaeozoological analyses as well as AMS carbon-14 dating. Owing to the findings of these analyses along with a critical culture-related assessment of the earlier interpretations, the custom of using horse skulls for magical rituals in the Late Medieval and in modern times. The custom from the pagan era was still practiced in folklore culture and its magical, non-Christian manifestations. The presented results show that dating animal deposits using the AMS carbon-14 method is necessary whenever they become an element of a qualitative-cultural interpretation. They are also an example of merging methods and findings from different specialties in interpreting zoological deposits resulting from human activity. Moreover, the considerations contained in this paper suggest also that there is a need for reinterpreting theses that have been long in use in the subject literature.
Egocentric Doxastic Logic
Authors: Naumov Pavel , Wu Chenyang
Published: November 2024

Originally proposed by Prior, egocentric logic is a class of logical systems that capture properties of agents rather than of possible worlds. The article proposes a doxastic egocentric system with rigid names for reasoning about beliefs that an agent might have about herself.
What is the Principle of (Non-)Contradiction, Precisely? The Struggle at the Dawn of Formal Logic
Authors: Trybus Adam
Published: November 2024

The principle of contradiction, or non-contradiction, is traditionally included as one of the three fundamental principles of logic, together with the principle of identity and the principle of excluded middle. There is a consensus now regarding the shape of the principle of contradiction in modern formal logic. However, a deeper look at the history of its formulation reveals a much more complicated picture. We trace some of such developments from the beginning of the twentieth century when all sorts of formalisms were proposed, and even the name itself was up for debate. Our focal point is the proposals made by Christine Ladd-Franklin, which we describe against the background of other attempts at the time.
Expansão dos profissionais de Educação Física no Sistema Único de Saúde de 2009 a 2023
Authors: Bernardo Debora , Spina Paulo Roberto , Almeida Leticia Yamawaka de , Bonfim Daiana , Teodoro Claudielle de Santana , Paiva Neto Francisco Timbó de , Vesga-Varela Andrea Liliana
Published: November 2024

O estudo teve como objetivo descrever a inserção dos profissionais de Educação Física (PEF) no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e analisar a relação entre o número de PEF e a prática de atividade física no tempo livre. Para isso foi desenvolvido um estudo observacional e analisado o número de PEF no SUS e os indicadores de prática de atividade física no tempo livre no período de 2009 a  2023 referentes ao inquérito telefônico realizado pelo Sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas. O número de PEF foi obtido por meio do sistema da base de dados do Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimentos de Saúde, por ocupações e vínculos no SUS. Os resultados encontrados mostram um percentual de crescimento de 1379% na inserção de PEF no SUS, e o aumento de 33,6% da população que atingiu os níveis recomendados da prática de atividade física no tempo livre. O maior cumprimento de prática recomendada de atividade física foi observado na faixa etária de 18 a 24 anos, e o menor, na faixa etária de 65 anos ou mais. Assim concluímos que ocorreu aumento da inserção de PEF nos estabelecimentos do SUS e da prática de atividade física no tempo livre pela população nas capitais brasileiras e Distrito Federal. Contudo, é urgente um crescente investimento para inserção deste profissional nos diferentes pontos da rede do SUS, frente ao envelhecimento populacional e a necessidade de soluções de forma interdisciplinar e colaborativa para a produção consistente e ampliada do incentivo e prática de atividade física no tempo livre.
The adult orthodontic–restorative interface. part 2: treatment strategies for the management of developmental conditions
Authors: Stagles Christopher , Smith Robert , Bryce Graeme
Published: November 2024

This is the second article in a three-part series that discusses joint orthodontic–restorative care for the adult patient. Part 2 considers the clinical presentations, challenges and strategies for developmental conditions presenting in adulthood, including the management of hypodontia, ectopic canine teeth and disorders of tooth structure.

CPD/Clinical Relevance:

The challenges and treatment strategies for providing orthodontic–restorative care for an adult patient presenting with developmental conditions and anomalies are outlined.
CPD: The ocular microbiome
Authors: Farrant Sarah
Published: November 2024

Following on from last week's case study of a patient exhibiting saponification, Sarah Farrant explores the link between this common symptom, lid health and the bacterial load present on and around the ocular surface (C104752, suitable for logging as one provider-led distance learning CPD point for optometrists, contact lens opticians and dispensing opticians)
SightCare assembles
Authors: Patchett Lucy
Published: November 2024

Lucy Patchett explores key takeaways from SightCare's Conference at the Telford International Centre
Standing on the shoulders of giants
Authors: Morris Paul
Published: November 2024

Paul Morris puts forward the case for mentors within optics
Head out on the highway
Authors: Harvey Bill
Published: November 2024

Bill Harvey takes a closer look at the latest headset binocular indirect ophthalmoscope from Heine and tests it by hitting the road
Dry eye solutions
Authors: Patchett Lucy
Published: November 2024

Lucy Patchett speaks to optical companies about newly launched products to treat dry eye symptoms
Being an extraordinary multiple
Authors: Patchett Lucy
Published: November 2024

Specsavers Haverfordwest shares its strategy behind standing out from the crowd as winner of Multiple Practice of the Year at the 2022 Optician Awards. Lucy Patchett reports
Cost of living crisis risks eye care neglect
Authors: Patchett Lucy
Published: November 2024

Vision Express shares a recent study that raised concerns over the UK public's attitude to eye examinations. Lucy Patchett reports
Technology to the fore
Authors: White Emma
Published: November 2024

Advanced Ophthalmic Systems was the proud winner of the Technology Award at the annual Optician Awards ceremony last November. Emma White learns about the ophthalmic software company’s latest developments
World Sight Day campaign launched
Authors: Patchett Lucy
Published: November 2024

Lucy Patchett reports on the IAPB’s World Sight Day campaign activities for 2023
Optimizing Formalin Detection in Fish Using QCM Sensors with TOMAC Membrane Coatings for Product Quality Monitoring
Authors: Muthmainnah Muthmainnah , Aini Khoirul , Tazi Imam , Chamidah Ninik , Kusairi Kusairi
Published: November 2024

Detection of formalin in fishery products is a significant concern in the food industry to ensure consumer safety. This study compared the performance of Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) sensors without a membrane and with a Trioctyl methyl ammonium Chloride (TOMAC) membrane coating in detecting formalin in fish samples. The research findings indicate that QCM without a membrane for formalin samples has a lower detection limit of 150 ppm and an upper detection limit of 350 ppm with a sensitivity of 2194.171 Hz/ppm. On the other hand, QCM with a TOMAC membrane coating has a lower detection limit of 400 ppm and an upper detection limit of 550 ppm with a sensitivity of 842.7551 Hz/ppm. Meanwhile, QCM without a membrane for formalin in fish samples has a lower detection limit of 450 ppm and an upper detection limit of 650 ppm with a sensitivity of 15386.38 Hz/ppm. At the same time, QCM with a TOMAC membrane coating for formalin in fish samples has a lower detection limit of 350 ppm and an upper detection limit of 500 ppm with a sensitivity of 23108.9 Hz/ppm. Response time analysis shows that both sensors reach a steady state condition after 12 seconds. This study highlights the importance of selecting appropriate sensors for detecting formalin in fishery products, considering detection limits, sensitivity, and response time as crucial criteria. Thus, these findings can guide the fisheries industry in choosing effective and accurate formalin detection technology.
The Identification of Faults using Magnetic Method in Kulonprogo, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Koesuma Sorja , Sehah Sehah , Munandar Choirul Singgih
Published: November 2024

The aims of this study to identify faults and identify subsurface lithology using magnetic anomaly data in the Kulonprogo. In the acquisition was carried out using a Proton Procession Magnetometer (PPM) Geotron G5 with 62 measurement points and a distance of ±1 km between point. Measurements were made on Kebobutak (Tmok), Aluvium (Qa), Andesit (a), and Sentolo (Tmps) formations. The total magnetic field data processing is done with several correction, namely diurnal correction, IGRF, reduce to equator, upward continuation at an altitude of 2000 m, and reduce to pole, and 2D modelling using the forward modelling method. The result of the analysis obtained magnetic field anomaly values in the range of values -400 to 950 nT. The 2D modelling shows that the research area is composed of 4 dominating rock types, namely andesite rock with a susceptibility value of 94 x 10-3, andesite breccia rock with a susceptibility value of 29 x 10-3, clay rock with a susceptibility value of 0,013 x 10-3, and sandstone with a susceptibility value of 5 x 10-3. The identification result show the existence of faults line on Mount Watuaglik, Mount Kamal, and Mount Bodag.
Physical and Mechanical Properties of Hardwoods Cross-Laminated Timber
Authors: Omotayo Richard , França Frederico J. N. , França Tamara S. F. A. , Seale R. Daniel
Published: November 2024

Cross-laminated timber (CLT), a type of engineered wood product, is becoming widespread in the construction sector, especially for large commercial buildings. The increased demand for CLT is due its perceived benefits over conventional building materials. To effectively utilize the numerous benefits of this modern building material, there is need to ascertain its reliability as a structural material without affecting its serviceability. Thus, the objectives of this study were to evaluate both the physical and mechanical properties of CLT and to compare the mechanical properties of CLT manufactured with hardwood of low-grade lumber and industrially made softwood CLT. Hardwood species used to manufacture CLT panels were red oak (Quercus spp.), yellow poplar (Liriodendron spp.), and sweetgum (Liquidambar spp.). Commercially manufactured southern pine CLT panels were used as control. The evaluation of density was done at a moisture content of 12 percent. All specimens were mechanically tested in accordance with ASTM D198 to determine the modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR). The range of values for both MOE and MOR found in this study are not significantly different from values reported in a previous study. Of the hardwood samples tested, 95 percent had MOE greater than minimum allowable MOE of 1.2 × 106 psi (8,274 MPa) specified for softwood CLT by the American National Standards Institute/The Engineered Wood Association performance-rated CLT. Thus, the average MOE values observed for all the CLT species can be used as a basis for design values in the construction industry for hardwood species.
The prevalence of hypertension and cardiovascular risks in children with renal scars secondary to urinary tract infection
Authors: Hooman Nakysa , Isa-Tafreshi Roya , Mostafavi Seyed-Hassan , Halladji Farideh , Tavasoli Azita , Saeidy Minoo , Mehrazma Mitra , Otukesh Hasan
Published: November 2024

Hypertension is a late outcome of refl ux nephropathy and renal parenchymal scar secondary to urinary tract infection (UTI). We presumed that it might be detected much earlier after episodes of UTI and the associated cardiovascular risk factors assessed. Between 2009 and 2011, 85 (67 female and 18 male) children aged 5-15 years with a history of febrile UTI, followed-up for at least one year from the fi rst episode of febrile UTI, were enrolled in the study. The variables included 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), echocardiography, carotid sonography, renal 99mcTc-DMSA, glomerular fi ltration rate, and microalbuminuria. Masked hypertension was detected in 18.8%, hypertension in 7.1% and white coat hypertension in 9.4% of cases. Prehypertension was seen in 20% of children. Out of 85 cases, 43.5% were non-dippers. Out of 56 children with hypertensive and prehypertensive parameters on ABPM, 9.1% showed left ventricular mass index >51g/m2.7 (p>0.05). Signifi cant correlation was only recorded between abnormal blood pressure and the severity of renal parenchymal scar (p<0.05). In conclusion, ABPM is suggested for early detection of masked hypertension and abnormal blood pressure pattern in all normotensive children with a history of recurrent UTI.
Orthopedic treatment in children with rare diseases – bone dysplasias
Authors: Kubat O. , Antičević D.
Published: November 2024

Aim is to present the current state in orthopedic treatment of rare diseases, with reference to the trends in the treatment in this group of patients that are most commonly encountered in the Republic of Croatia. Data sources are PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus. Rare diseases are, by definition of the European Commission for Public Health, all those life-threatening and chronic diseases with prevalence equal to or less than 1:2.000. According to estimates by the European Organisation for Rare Diseases, currently there are about 5.000-7.000 of different disorders described. A large proportion of patients with rare diseases have problems with locomotor system. Orthopedics as a profession that deals with malformations, deformities and injuries of the locomotor system, is just one of many participating in the multidisciplinary treatment of these patients. Skeletal dysplasias are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by a growth disorder of cartilage and bone. According to the revision of the International Nosology and Classification of Genetic Skeletal disorders in 2006, this group includes 372 disorders classified in 37 groups, of which approximately 70 can be lethal in the perinatal period. In the treatment of these diseases is the most important team approach of all involved. The team consists of: geneticist, pediatrician, orthopedist, physiatrist and physical therapist as well as patient with his family, who must participate in every aspect of treatment and decision making. Orthopedic treatment of these patients is very demanding and it is important to bring a correct decision at the right time, whether on any attempt of conservative treatment, pending the right age for surgical treatment or the operative procedure.
A boy with methylmalonic aciduria - nine-year follow up and comparison with his healthy twin sister
Authors: Šojat Lj. Cvitanović , Žigman T. , Fumić K. , Maradin M. , Vezmar V. , Drkulec V.
Published: November 2024

Methylmalonic aciduria is a recessively inherited disorder of methylmalonate metabolism and one of the most common organic acidurias. Four distinct defects are known to cause isolated methyl-malonyl-CoA mutase deficiency. We present a boy whose two older brothers died in the neonatal period from septicemia. His twin sister is healthy. During the first day of life and then from 4 to 6 months of age, he had several episodes of metabolic decompensation provoked by infection, diarrhea and fasting. Hyperlactacidemia, mild ketonuria, hyperammonemia, anemia, low values of total and free carnitine in plasma and urine were found. Urinary organic acid analysis showed high excretion of methylmalonic, 3-OH butyric, 3-OH propionic and methylcitric acids. Serum cobalamin and folic acid were normal. The activities of holomutase and total mutase in fibroblasts were severely decreased indicating a defect of MCM apoenzyme (mut0). After the diagnosis at the age of 6 months, a low protein diet was introduced with natural proteins and amino acid supplement; L-carnitine, B12 vitamin, folate, vitamins and alternating prophylactic antibiotics were given. From infancy, motor and growth delay was evident in comparison to his twin sister. Because of low compliance of the patient’s parents ignoring the feeding instructions and infections, he had frequent metabolic crises and decompensations, which resulted in growth delay, and at the age of 9 years his twin sister was 25 cm taller (his body height was at -3 SD). The long-term prognosis of patients with MMA mut0 is very poor. Early diagnosis and progress in treatment will reduce mortality and morbidity of patients with methylmalonic aciduria.