bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Qualidade do regime democrático no mundo atual: uma análise da liberdade, igualdade e legalidade das democracias contemporâneas
Authors:   , Leite Rodrigo Jorge Carneiro
Published: December 2024

O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar, perante certas dimensões, a qualidade do regime
democrático desenvolvido na atualidade pela sociedade mundial. Nesse intuito, este trabalho
abordou o objeto pesquisado por meio de três ensaios distintos, os quais investigaram como
estariam, contemporaneamente, as principais vertentes que estabelecem a democracia como
sistema de governo de muitas nações do globo terrestre, quais sejam: primeiro, a liberdade,
princípio fundamental que se encontra em conflito devido a avalanche de (des)informações
veiculadas neste período de extrema difusão tecnológica de comunicação; segundo, a igualdade,
fator também primordial para a consolidação legítima da democracia, tendo em vista a
necessidade de participação de todos os cidadãos diante das diretrizes governamentais na
democracia representativa; terceiro e último, a legalidade, parâmetro que serve de base para a
consolidação do regime democrático, visto que todos devem obedecer às regras que regem a
democracia, particularmente, debatemos, neste ponto, a influência do poder financeiro em
desvirtuar a equidade e lisura do processo político-eleitoral. A metodologia empírica utilizada
para comprovação da fundamentação teórica exposta foi a econométrica. Nessa abordagem
quantitativa, manuseou-se dados de relatórios internacionais condensados pela organização The
Quality of Goverment Institute (QoG), os quais permitiram inferências e comprovações das
hipóteses formuladas.
Advances in Alzheimer's Disease Biomarkers
Authors: Li Kuan , Gao Yujie , Liu Muxi , Chen Yizhao
Published: December 2024

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by gradual
onset and complex pathological mechanisms. Clinically, it presents with progressive cognitive decline
and behavioral impairments, making it one of the most common causes of dementia. The intricacies
of its pathogenesis are not fully understood, and current treatment options are limited, with
diagnosis typically occurring at intermediate to advanced stages. The development of new biomarkers
offers a crucial avenue for the early diagnosis of AD and improving patient outcomes.
Several biomarkers with high specificity have been identified. This article reviews biomarkers related
to tau protein, β-amyloid, and blood cells to deepen our understanding of AD and emphasize
the advantages and disadvantages of various biomarkers in order to explore further and mine new
biomarkers for AD diagnosis.
Knowledge Mapping of Stem Cell Therapy for Premature Ovarian Insufficiency: A Bibliometric Analysis (2000-2023)
Authors: Cao Yuting , Huang Jinyuan , Fan Xiaoyin , Dai Yinmei
Published: December 2024

Background:

Premature Ovarian Failure (POI), a prevalent gynecological, endocrine
disease, significantly impairs the reproductive health of women of childbearing age and presents a
formidable challenge to clinicians. Until now, there has been a lack of effective treatments to fundamentally
improve ovarian function in patients with POI. Stem cell therapy has emerged as a promising
treatment in the field of POI, with notable research progress achieved to date.

Objective:

This review sought to analyze the current status and hotspots of research on stem cell
therapy for POI, forecasting future directions through bibliometrics.

Methods:

Research related to stem cell therapy for POI from 2000 to 2023 was searched in the Web
of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) database by setting subject-term, and the literature was analyzed
econometrically using VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and the R package "bibliometrix."

Results:

According to our search and screening strategy, 203 pieces of literature related to stem cell
therapy for POI were obtained and analyzed. There is a marked annual increase in publications, with
a particularly rapid ascent in recent years. China has become the most prolific country in this field,
with 136 publications. Shanghai Jiao Tong University ranked first among many universities and
institutions in terms of the number of publications and citations. Stem Cell Research & Therapy was
the most popular and influential journal in the field of stem cell therapy for POI. Lai Dongmei has
published the most papers, while Liu Te boasts the highest frequency of co-citations. Investigation
into the mechanisms of exosomes derived from stem cells and their associated signaling pathways is
anticipated to be a crucial research topic in stem cell therapy for POI.

Conclusion:

This review offers the first comprehensive and systematic analysis of the field of stem
cell therapy for POI, with a visual representation of the findings. By summarizing the current status
and projecting forthcoming trends, this study aims to offer guidance and a reference for scholars in
the field.
Intraarticular Injection of Stem Cell and Related Exosome Targeting Synovial Macrophages in Osteoarthritis
Authors: Li Zheng , Huang Yuanchi , Zhang Weisong , Jing Wensen
Published: December 2024

Osteoarthritis is a costly and debilitating condition, especially as the population ages
and more people are affected. The primary osteoarthritis targets in the joint cavity are chondrocytes
and synovial cells. Researchers are increasingly convinced that macrophages play a crucial
role in the development or therapy of osteoarthritis despite being largely ignored in earlier studies
due to their capacity to switch from a pro-inflammatory to an anti-inflammatory phenotype. Stem
cell or similar extracellular vesicle intraarticular injection offers fresh promise for treating osteoarthritis.
However, the mechanism by which this works needs further investigation. It is important
to investigate the intricate cellular interactions between mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and
macrophages. Emerging routes using extracellular vesicles (EVs) are garnering more and more attention
in intercellular communication, which has historically focused on cytokines and soluble
mediators. Therefore, we focus on the polarization of macrophages as a primary consideration in
our study of stem cells and associated EVs utilization in treating knee osteoarthritis.
Immunomodulatory Roles of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Extracellular Vesicles: A Promising Therapeutic Approach for Autoimmune Diseases
Authors: Ahad Mir PRINCE , Hussain Md Sadique , Ahmad Khanday Murtaza , Mohi-ud-din Roohi , Pottoo Faheem Hyder , Hasssan Mir Reyaz
Published: December 2024

Autoimmune diseases pose a significant challenge due to their complex pathogenesis and
rising prevalence. Traditional therapies are often limited by systemic side effects, immunosuppression,
and lack of long-term efficacy. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have demonstrated immunomodulatory
properties, primarily through the secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are now
recognized as potent mediators of immune regulation. MSC-derived EVs carry bioactive molecules
such as microRNAs, proteins, and lipids that influence key immune pathways, making them a promising
therapeutic avenue for autoimmune diseases. This review critically examines the immunomodulatory
mechanisms of MSC-derived EVs, focusing on their role in regulating T cells, B cells,
and macrophages, which are central to autoimmune pathology. We explore recent preclinical and
clinical studies that highlight the ability of MSC-derived EVs to reduce inflammation, promote immune
tolerance, and restore tissue homeostasis in autoimmune settings. Furthermore, we discuss the
advantages of EV-based therapy over MSC-based therapies, including improved safety profiles, lower
immunogenicity, and scalability for clinical application. By evaluating the current landscape of
MSC-derived EV research, we identify key gaps and propose innovative strategies to optimize EVbased
therapies for autoimmune diseases. These strategies include engineering EVs to enhance their
specificity and therapeutic efficacy, as well as integrating them with biomaterials for targeted delivery.
Our review aims to provide a forward-looking perspective on the potential of MSC-derived EVs
as a novel therapeutic approach, moving beyond traditional cell-based therapies to offer more precise
and personalized treatment options for autoimmune diseases.
Acute Effect of Honey-sweetened Coffee on Blood Pressure, Heart Rate and Blood Glucose Level in Healthy Female Subjects
Authors: Aluko Esther Oluwasola , Effiong Etiemem Emmanuel , Olatunbosun Titilope Helen , Bassey Grace Edet
Published: December 2024

Background:

The consumption of coffee as a beverage and honey as a sweetener is prevalent
worldwide, with each having potential health implications. However, studies on the combined
effect of coffee and honey on blood pressure, heart rate, and blood glucose level are lacking.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to determine whether a three-day consumption of honey-
sweetened coffee will significantly alter the systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure
(DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and fasting blood glucose (BG) levels
in young, healthy female adults.

Methods:

Thirty participants studying at the University of Uyo, aged 18 to 26 years, were randomly
assigned to three groups: control, coffee, and honey-sweetened coffee groups with 10 subjects
each. The control group was given 250 mL of warm water, the coffee group was given 2.25 g of
coffee dissolved in 250 mL of hot water, and the honey-sweetened coffee group was given 2.25 g
of coffee with 20 mL of honey dissolved in 250 mL of hot water for three consecutive days. Before
the start of the experiment, the subjects were asked to rest by sitting comfortably for 15 minutes.
Baseline measurements of blood pressure, heart rate, and blood glucose were taken and recorded
before the consumption of the assigned beverage. Follow-up measurements were taken at
15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes after consumption for blood pressure and heart rate and 30 and 60 minutes
for blood glucose level. This procedure was repeated for three days.

Results:

The results showed no significant changes in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure,
mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and blood glucose level in the coffee and honey-sweetened
coffee groups compared to the control group.

Conclusion:

The findings of this study revealed that honey-sweetened coffee has no acute effect
on blood pressure, heart rate, and blood glucose level in healthy female individuals. It can, therefore,
be concluded that honey-sweetened coffee has a neutral effect on these physiological parameters,
but a more elaborate study is highly recommended.
A Two-Stage Resilience Enhancement Strategy for Distribution Networks Considering Extreme Weather Conditions
Authors: Miao Luting , Zhang Qian , Zhao Zhenghui
Published: December 2024

Background:

In the context of increasing extreme weather events and natural disasters,
enhancing the resilience and rapid recovery capabilities of distribution networks has become a critical
focus in power system research.

Objective:

Previous studies primarily focused on the post-disaster power restoration phase of distribution
networks affected by extreme weather without fully addressing the critical role of mobile
energy storage in pre-disaster prevention. To bridge this gap, this paper proposes a two-stage resilience
enhancement strategy for distribution networks, incorporating multi-source coordination
and network reconfiguration.

Methods:

This paper presents a two-stage resilience enhancement strategy for distribution networks
under extreme weather conditions. This strategy combines the coordinated optimization of
various DERs with network reconfiguration. In the pre-disaster stage, optimization is conducted to
manage uncertainties in wind and photovoltaic output. A pre-deployment approach for energy storage
is introduced, incorporating the coordination of the power grid and transportation network to
maximize expected load power recovery and minimize node voltage deviation. In the post-disaster
stage, the strategy integrates distributed resources such as photovoltaic systems, wind power, and
mobile energy storage. It uses a multi-source coordinated dynamic scheduling method to optimize
spatiotemporal energy distribution.

Results:

The results show that this approach significantly improves post-disaster recovery efficiency.
It reduces load shedding and enhances the system's adaptability and disaster resistance.

Conclusion:

The proposed approach enhances the overall resilience and recovery capacity of the
distribution network. This patented technology will be applied in the future.
Investigation of Genetic Variants of Alox12 (rs9904779) Gene in Dental Caries
Authors: Sidhic Nihala , Subbiah Usha
Published: December 2024

Background:

Dental caries is a biofilm-mediated disease driven by dietary
sugars that reduce pH and promote cariogenic microorganisms. Caries result from a complex
interplay of behaviour, environmental, genetic, and physiological factors, with the
immune response and bacterial activity contributing to enamel demineralization and cavity
formation. Genetic factors, such as SNPs, also influence caries susceptibility, impacting
enamel hardness and inflammatory responses.

Aim:

This study aims to explore the association between the Alox12 gene variant,
rs9904779, and the susceptibility to dental caries.

Methods:

Patients were recruited following ethical approval and informed consent. Saliva
samples were collected and grouped by DMFT index, and genomic DNA was extracted.
PCR analysis focused on Alox12 gene polymorphism with the 223bp product and RFLP.
Statistical analysis was performed using Epi Info software, calculating genotype-risk associations
and a significance threshold of p < 0.05. Chi-square testing assessed genotype
and allele distributions across groups.

Results:

An SNP analysis of Alox12 was conducted to assess the susceptibility of dental
caries. In caries patients, CC genotype was most prevalent (42%), while CG was higher in
controls (52%). Genotype distribution deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in caries
(p < 0.05) but not in controls (p > 0.05). The caries group had a higher prevalence of
the C allele, while the CG heterozygote was more frequent in controls (OR = 0.64, p =
0.32).

Conclusion:

This SNP analysis suggests that the Alox12 gene variant rs9904779 may be
a significant predictor for the development of dental caries, highlighting its potential as a
genetic marker for susceptibility to the disease.
Metaforest Algorithm Insights: Predictors of Nocebo Response in ADHD
Authors: Porta Mireia , Barcheni Maggie , Ramírez-saco David , Cunill Ruth , Farré Magí , Saez Marc , López Beatriz , Castells Xavier
Published: December 2024

Background:

Predicting the nocebo response in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is
crucial as it can help minimize its influence and improve the evaluation of the side effects of interventions
for ADHD. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of covariates related to study
design, intervention, and patients’ characteristics on the nocebo response in patients with Attention
Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) using Metaforest, and, ultimately, to investigate Metaforest’s
performance in predicting nocebo response in ADHD RCTs.

Methods:

This study is a secondary analysis of a previously published systematic review [1]. Nocebo
response was defined as the proportion of patients experiencing at least one AE while receiving
a placebo. We used Metaforest for investigating patient-, intervention, and study design-related
nocebo response moderators in ADHD RCTs.

Results:

One hundred and five studies were included. Overall, 55.4% of patients experienced at
least one AE while receiving placebo. However, between-study variability on nocebo response was
very high, with nocebo response ranging from 4.2% to 90.2%, leading to high statistical heterogeneity
(I2 = 88.3%). Older patients showed a higher nocebo response. The moderating effects of the
year of publication, treatment length and gender were also significant. The predictive performance
of the model was low-moderate (R2 test = 0, 1922; MSE = 0, 0408).

Conclusion:

Age was the most important nocebo response modifier, followed by year of publication,
treatment length and gender. Metaforest lacked the capability to predict nocebo responses in
future studies.
Hepatitis C: Evolving Epidemiology, Treatment Landscape, and Current Challenges
Authors: Qiu Danwen , Matziari Magdalini
Published: December 2024

Hepatitis C continues to present challenges despite the introduction of directly act-ing antiviral (DAA) treatments. While DAAs have revolutionized the treatment of hepatitis C by offering high cure rates with fewer side effects, there are still several ongoing challenges. Firstly, identifying and diagnosing individuals with hepatitis C remains a significant barrier. Many people with hepatitis C are unaware of their status, leading to delayed diagnosis and treatment initiation. Additionally, certain populations, such as marginalized communities and people who inject drugs, face barriers to accessing testing and treatment services. Secondly, treatment access and affordability are persistent issues. Although DAAs have been hailed for their efficacy, their high costs limit accessibility for many individuals, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. This highlights the need for continued efforts to improve drug affordability and expand access to treatment globally. Thirdly, addressing co-infections and comorbidities is an ongoing challenge in hepatitis C management. Many individuals with hepatitis C also have coexisting conditions, such as HIV or liver cirrhosis, requiring integrated care approaches to effectively manage these complex health needs. Furthermore, despite the effectiveness of DAAs, reinfection remains a concern, especially among high-risk popula-tions. This emphasizes the importance of comprehensive prevention strategies and ongoing monitoring to prevent recurrent infections. Therefore, while the advent of DAAs has trans-formed the landscape of hepatitis C treatment, continued efforts are necessary to address the challenges of diagnosis, treatment access, co-infections, and reinfection. A comprehensive approach that integrates testing, treatment, and support services is essential to achieve the goal of hepatitis C elimination.
A Study on Advancements in Forensic Fingerprints
Authors: Gundu Srinivasa Rao , Jonnalagadda Varsha Sri , Panem Charanarur
Published: December 2024

Forensic fingerprint analysis has evolved significantly, becoming indispensable in
crime investigation. Recent research has aimed to improve accuracy, efficiency, and reliability
in this field, given fingerprints' unique role in linking individuals to crime scenes. This review
synthesizes recent advancements in technology, methodology, and applications, notably AFIS,
3D fingerprint imaging, chemical analysis, and nanotechnology. Employing a systematic approach,
the review gathers recent literature from various databases, including peer-reviewed articles
and conference papers from the past five years. It identifies common themes, trends, challenges,
and future directions, highlighting the impact of technological advancements. AFIS improvements
have notably enhanced speed, accuracy, and interoperability, while emerging trends,
like 3D fingerprint imaging and chemical analysis, offer additional forensic capabilities. However,
challenges, such as data security and algorithm biases, persist, necessitating further research
and collaboration. Despite these challenges, advancements in AFIS, 3D imaging, chemical analysis,
and nanotechnology provide powerful tools for accurate crime investigation. Continued research
and collaboration are vital to overcoming existing challenges and fully leveraging forensic
fingerprint analysis in the pursuit of justice.
A Mechanism-Based Comparative Review on Functional Food with Phytomolecules and Marketed Formulation for Type II Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: D. Sureka , Y. Sam Rosan , B. Avinash , N. I. Blessy Victa , Christi V. E. Ida
Published: December 2024

Type II diabetes mellitus is a chronic disorder characterized by pancreatic beta cell dysfunction,
insulin resistance, and hyperglycemia. Administration of different classes of anti-diabetic
drugs over the long term is essential to maintain normoglycemic levels in affected individuals. This
study is focused on natural analogs as substitutes for the most marketed synthetic and semi-synthetic
anti-diabetic drugs. This study aimed to review phytoconstituents with their mechanism of
action, which are comparatively equivalent to that of the allopathic anti-diabetic marketed drugs,
like biguanides, sulphonylurea, and thiazolidinediones. The methodology used for the review involved
using the keywords collected from online sites, like PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google
Scholar. At present, different drugs are available for the treatment of diabetes and work with different
mechanisms, like metformin induces the AMPK pathway in hepatocytes and muscle fibers
with increased glucose uptake in peripheral tissues, whereas the phytoconstituents, like quercetin
(flavonoid), mahanimbine, and koenidine (carbazole alkaloids) involve same mechanism as metformin.
Sulfonylureas drugs bind to specific receptors in hepatocytes, resulting in glucose-independent
insulin release. The phytomolecule amyrins (pentacyclic triterpenoid) and kaempferol (flavonoid)
have similar effects as that of sulphonylureas. Thiazoglinediones target adipocytes and
cause GLUT-4 translocation and up-regulation of PPAR and adiponectin gene expression. Phytoconstituents,
like cyanidin-3-glucoside (anthocyanin) and protocatechuic acid (tannin), exhibit a
similar mechanism of action to that of thiazolidinediones. In this review, it can be concluded that
the selected compounds have the same antidiabetic activity as the synthetic drugs. In the future, a
new polyherbal formulation can be developed with these selected molecules having the same mechanisms
of action, with significant therapeutic value without side effects.
Determinants of Consumer Willingness to Pay for Organic Mustard: Evidence from a Consumer Survey in Surabaya
Authors: Sholihah Nadya Ash , Suprehatin  , Muflikh Yanti Nuraeni
Published: December 2024

Currently, the Indonesian market for organic products is concentrated mainly in big cities such as Jakarta and Surabaya. This is a response to the rising interest of urban consumers in organic products including fresh vegetables. This study aims to examine consumers' willingness to pay (WTP) for organic mustard greens and relevant factors affecting consumers' WTP. The study used primary data from a 150-modern market consumer survey conducted in Surabaya during Mei-June 2023. The data were analyzed using a discrete choice experiment and logit regression model. The results showed that consumers were willing to pay a premium price ranging up to  Rp2393.2, Rp3517 and Rp5622.6 per bundle of better-quality of organic mustard greens based on fresh smooth green leaves, branded organic, and lebelled organic attributes, respectively. The results also showed that factors such as age, level of education, and family income significantly influence consumer’s WTP. The findings provide useful information to both policymakers to assist in designing policies for the promotion of organic vegetable production and marketing and organic vegetable business to formulate marketing strategies.
UJI EFEKTIVITAS BERBAGAI JENIS PERANGKAP DAN UMPAN TERHADAP JENIS TIKUS DI KAWASAN DERMAGA DI SURABAYA
Authors: Taufiqurrahman Achmad Fitriadi , Adistanaya Radika , Syamsulhadi Mochammad , Rahardjo Bambang Tri
Published: December 2024

Dermaga merupakan lokasi strategis untuk aktivitas bongkar muat barang, yang juga berpotensi menjadi habitat tikus, terutama spesies Rattus norvegicus. Tikus ini dapat berkembang biak dengan cepat di lingkungan yang kaya sumber makanan, seperti sisa bahan pangan yang tercecer di dermaga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis tikus yang terdapat di kawasan dermaga dan mengevaluasi efektivitas berbagai jenis perangkap serta umpan dalam mengendalikan populasi mereka. Penelitian menggunakan dua jenis perangkap, yaitu bubu besi dan bubu bambu, dengan lima variasi umpan: (A) umpan racun antikoagulan komersial; (B) campuran beras, monosodium glutamat (MSG), minyak sawit, asam benzoat, ikan asin, dan parafin padat; (C) campuran beras, MSG, minyak sawit, asam benzoat, tepung kulit udang, dan parafin padat; (D) campuran beras, MSG, minyak sawit, asam benzoat, kelapa bakar, dan parafin padat; serta (E) campuran beras, MSG, minyak sawit, asam benzoat, dan parafin padat (sebagai kontrol). Hasil penelitian mengidentifikasi dua spesies tikus, yaitu R. norvegicus dan Bandicota indica, dengan populasi R. norvegicus hampir dua kali lipat dibandingkan B. indica. Dari lima jenis umpan yang diuji, campuran dengan tepung kulit udang terbukti paling efektif dalam menarik tikus, sedangkan umpan kelapa bakar dan kontrol tidak menghasilkan tangkapan. Perangkap bubu besi juga ditemukan lebih efektif dalam menangkap tikus dibandingkan bubu bambu. Keberhasilan umpan tepung kulit udang dipengaruhi oleh kombinasi aroma yang kuat, rasa yang menarik, dan kemudahan penggunaan. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan penting mengenai metode pengendalian populasi tikus yang efektif di kawasan dermaga, melalui pemanfaatan preferensi alami tikus terhadap jenis umpan tertentu dan penggunaan perangkap yang sesuai.
Responses of the five shallot cultivars to salicylic acid treatment under stress drought conditions
Authors: Khotimah Khusnul , Randi Mohammad Jusuf , Juwanda Muhammad , Laela Titin Nur
Published: December 2024

Salicylic acid is a growth hormone that has been widely used to induce resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Plant genotypes have different responses to drought stress conditions. This study aimed to analyze the response of five shallot cultivars to drought stress mediated by salicylic acid. A total of five shallot cultivars treated with salicylic acid were tested under drought stress conditions. This study used a completely randomized design with 3 factors, namely the first was the concentration of salicylic acid (0 mM, 0.5 mM, and 1 mM), the second was the shallot cultivar (Bima Brebes, Tajuk, Bauci, Super Philip and Bima Juna), and the third was drought stress (without drought stress and with drought stress). All collected data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the mean differences were compared using Duncan Multiple Range test (α = 95%). Observation variables included leaf length, leaf number, stomatal density, relative water content, total chlorophyll, and leaf proline content. Based on the results of the study, drought stress significantly decreased leaf length and leaf number, reduced chlorophyll content, relative water content and stomatal density, chlorophyll content, and increased proline content of the leaves. On the other hand, exogenous application of SA to drought stressed shallot plants improved morphophysiological characters of shallot. Application of 1 mM salicylic acid was the best concentration. The results of this study also obtained two cultivars that showed fairly consistent morphophysiological performance, namely Bima Juna and Tajuk cultivars. These two cultivars can be recommended as genetic materials in the assembly of drought-tolerant varieties mediated by salicylic acid.
Impact of organic matter and sand on soil chracteristics, leaf area, and chlorophyll of sweet corn (Zea mays saccnutritionta Sturt) on Vertisol from Bojonegoro
Authors: Sasongko Purnomo Edi , Mindari Wanti , Jayanti Fara Amilia , Fatiha Chosa Zahro
Published: December 2024

Vertisols contain clay minerals that expand significantly during the rainy season and shrink during the dry season. This condition causes changes in the availability of water and soil ions. This study aimed to examine the effect of adding organic matter (OM) and sand on changes in vertisols and plant growth. The study was conducted using a factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD). The first factor was 5 kinds of OM: control (B0), 15 tons of banana peel compost ha⁻¹ + cow dung (10:1) (B1), 15 tons of leaf litter compost ha⁻¹ (B2), 15 tons of water hyacinth compost ha⁻¹ + cow dung (1:1) (B3), and 1 ton of biochar ha⁻¹ (B4). The second factor was the provision of sand as much as 3 level, namely: 0% (P0), 20% (P1), and 40% (P2). Each treatment combination was repeated 3 times. Sweet corn was used as a growth indicator. The observed soil chemical parameters were soil pH, organic C, NH₄⁺ and NO₃⁻, and Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) using standard methods. Leaf area was measured using the Arnon method. The results showed providing banana peel compost + cow dung with 40% sand increased the best NO₃⁻ and soil pH levels. The highest soil C-organic content was found in the treatment with aloe vera compost + cow dung and 0% sand. The best leaf area and plant chlorophyll levels were achieved using banana peel compost + cow dung with 20% sand.
Exploring Vocational Interest Measurement Instruments in Indonesia: Insights from a Scoping Review
Authors: Bagaskara Rafli Sodiq , Nurochim Hanif Firdaus Gitya Iman , Susilowati Hadina Pramesti Diba , Agustin Nisrina Nurika
Published: December 2024

The difficulty of finding vocational interest measurement tools with good psychometric properties and relevance to modern developments is a current concern in Indonesia. Therefore, this scoping review aims to compile a list of vocational interest measurement tools available in Indonesia that have been psychometrically tested. For this purpose, a total of 2,196 articles were extracted from the Google Scholar, Garuda, and Scopus databases. The article selection procedure followed the PRISMA-ScR flow diagram, and the screening process resulted in 17 sample articles (2014–2024). The analysis showed that most vocational interest measurement tools in Indonesia use a top-down development approach, based on Holland’s Structure of Interests, and emphasize internal structure validity and internal consistency reliability as the tested psychometric properties. Further research is needed to address the gaps in validity evidence that remain among Indonesian vocational interest measurement tools.
Review Article on Charakokt Varnya Mahakshay for Skin Complexion
Authors: Gocher Dr. Garima , Meghwal Dr. Akash
Published: December 2024

Abstract: Background Ayurveda is one of the oldest and most innovative natural medical systems. Sociologically speaking,
beauty is significant, and everyone should care deeply about skin colour. The primary goal of Ayurveda is to treat illness. The
colour of the skin is known as varna in Ayurveda. The term "varnay" refers to enhancing the complexion by restoring and
maintaining the natural texture and tone of the skin. Varnya Mahakashaya is the 8th group of 50 Mahakashaya, described in
Chapter 4 of Charak Sutrasthan and contains 10 drugs. The mechanism of action of the herbs mentioned in Varnya
Mahakashya is maintaining skin color. Varnya, classified as "improving the complexion”, Varnya refers to medicinal herbs that
promote "skin whitening" (whatever brings softness and beauty to skin along with enhancement of complexion, radiance or
luminescence is termed as varnya). Aims and objectives- This article trying to elaborate the skin complexion enhancing
medicinal plants by their mode of action, medicinal effect, Latin name, image, formulations etc. Ayurvedic literature describe
many herbs for skin complexion. Now it is a time to highlight the Ayurveda in the world of cosmetics with its unique aspects. The
adverse reaction of modern cosmetics and higher cost of therapy are also one of the causes to look towards Ayurveda for its
humeral approach. There is a great demand for Ayurveda in the field of cosmetology. Material and methods- for the purpose of
this review article description related to charak Samhita, various research articles, websites, review articles and internet sources
and reference texts is done. Discussion -as per description of twacka and varna we find out that many factors are responsible for
complexion and varnya mahakashay dravyas act on those by their medicinal properties.
Blockchain-Enabled Security Framework against Ransomware Attacks Using Machine Learning
Authors: Yadav Prince
Published: December 2024

In this presentable paper, we first describe and analyze the background of a certain discipline by reviewing the recent
scientific literature on this subject and summarizing it about issues of the new research. Ransomware through reasoning can
also be considered the last significant stage for cyber extortion blocking access to the resources of the target organization until
submission by the latter to certain coercion or payment. There is a separate class of malware known as ransomware. When a
computer or some other device suffers a ransomware malware attack, such device is either locked/held hostage or the data within
the device is encrypted. Ransom demands (usually a small sum) are placed on the victims for providing the data order for the
data translation in the form of a decryption key. Due to these attacks, surveillance means and protective programs are
recommended given the prevention of ransomware epidemic outbreaks. The most vulnerable targets are probably those classed
as organizations, such as financial institutes and healthcare sectors. Blockchain technology prevents tempering which makes it
much more effective than the traditional centralized approach of data storage. Such aspects of blockchain technology can
enhance the security perimeter for the detection and prevention of ransomware attacks even more. The objectives of the research
are to demonstrate the extent of the problem and to show how problems are identifiable within datasets, which is through the
application of machine learning. In this paper, we propose a new security framework that applies machine learning to prevent
ransomware attacks and is based on the principles of blockchain technology.
Firefighting Robot: A Review
Authors: Parshetti Miss. Rutuja
Published: December 2024

Firefighting is an inherently dangerous profession, placing human lives at high risk. With advancements in robotics,
firefighting robots are becoming viable alternatives for operating in hazardous conditions. This paper explores the design,
components, and technologies that power firefighting robots, such as sensors, AI-driven navigation, and suppression systems. It
also discusses real-world applications, case studies, the economic and environmental impacts of robotic firefighting solutions,
and the challenges in their adoption. The study concludes with insights into future technological advancements and their
potential to revolutionize fire management
Emotion Detection in Baby Cries Using Machine Learning with Lullaby Recommendations
Authors: D Ashok , Kumar A Pavan , C Keerthi B , Kumar M Nithin
Published: December 2024

Abstract: The interpretation of baby cries is a vital yet challenging task in caregiving. Babies express their needs—hunger,
sleepiness, discomfort, or happiness—through crying, but decoding these emotional cues is subjective and prone to error. This
paper introduces a machine learning-based system to analyze baby cries, classify their emotional states, and recommend
emotion-specific lullabies to caregivers. Utilizing audio feature extraction techniques like spectral centroid, Mel-Frequency
Cepstral Coefficients (MFCCs), and RMS intensity, coupled with a Random Forest Classifier, the system achieves remarkable
accuracy and robustness. Deployed via a Django-based web application, the system ensures accessibility and real-time
responsiveness, making it suitable for diverse caregiving contexts. Extensive evaluation in both controlled and noisy
environments confirms the system's effectiveness. By bridging traditional caregiving practices with cutting-edge technology, this
research offers a novel tool for enhancing infant care while preserving the cultural richness of lullabies.
Precision Agriculture: A Review of AI Vision and Machine Learning in Soil, Water, and Conservation Practice
Authors: Debnath Joytu , Kumar Kundan , Roy Kanica , Choudhury Rohit Dutta , U Ajin Krishna P
Published: December 2024

Abstract: Precision Agriculture (PA) is a modern farming management system which can help access and get maximum return
from advanced technology advantages. The present conceptual review concentrates on three main sectors such as soil health
monitoring, water management, and conservation practices to highlight the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) vision and
machine learning (ML). However, several achievements are pioneering AI agriculture today, including soil quality check using
AI, irrigation forecasting, conservation modelling using ML, and many more. The review finds certain progress in key areas of
sustainable global food systems and suggests a practical future through improvement in resource efficiency, but notes also
challenges including data standardization, technology accessibility and interdisciplinary research. The paper finally presents
future research directions to overcome the challenges and advance the acceptance of AI and ML in precision agriculture.
Logoterapi untuk meningkatkan pemaknaan hidup pada individu dengan depresi mayor
Authors: Damayanti Diana , Herdiana Ike
Published: December 2024

Experiencing childhood violence can have lasting effects on mental well-being, such as a higher risk of depression and suicide ideation. People with depression may ﬁnd it challenging to set life goals or ﬁnd meaning in their lives. The aim of this research is to determine the effectiveness of logotherapy in improving the meaning of life for individuals with major depression. The study involves a 23-year-old Javanese woman employed in the IT sector. She has experienced sexual, physical, and verbal violence. Data collection techniques used include observation, interviews, and psychological instruments. Qualitative methods are used to examine the process of changes in the client’s thoughts, emotions, and behaviors before and after the intervention is provided. The research shows that logotherapy helps the client see her suffering differently. She ﬁnds deeper meaning in her suffering and sees it not as a barrier to herself.Mengalami kekerasan di masa kecil dapat berdampak jangka panjang pada kesehatan mental, seperti risiko depresi dan keinginan bunuh diri yang lebih tinggi. Orang yang mengalami depresi mungkin merasa sulit untuk menetapkan tujuan hidup atau menemukan makna dalam hidup mereka. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan efektivitas logoterapi dalam meningkatkan makna hidup bagi individu dengan depresi berat. Penelitian ini melibatkan seorang wanita Jawa berusia 23 tahun yang bekerja di sektor TI. Dia telah mengalami kekerasan seksual, fisik, dan verbal. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan meliputi observasi, wawancara, dan instrumen psikologis. Metode kualitatif digunakan untuk memeriksa proses perubahan dalam pikiran, emosi, dan perilaku klien sebelum dan sesudah intervensi diberikan. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa logoterapi membantu klien melihat penderitaannya secara berbeda. Dia menemukan makna yang lebih dalam dalam penderitaannya dan melihatnya bukan sebagai penghalang bagi dirinya sendiri.
Efficacy of Glufosinate Ammonium Herbicide on Weed Control, Impact on Soil Chemical Properties and Heavy Metal Accumulation in Cocoa Plantations.
Authors: Aremu-Dele Olufemi , Ugioro Osas , Ayegboyin Kayode Olufemi , Nduka Beatrice Abanum , Adeosun Seun , Ibe Osita , Asowata Frank , Oyeledun K.O. , Oyediran Uthman , Salisu Umar , Agboluaje Adura , Shuaib Taye
Published: December 2024

Prolonged use of commonly used herbicides by cocoa farmers such as paraquat and glyphosate have been observed to have residual effects on the environment. Therefore there is a need to screen herbicides such as Glufosinate ammonium-based herbicides for use by cocoa farmers. The experiment was set up at the cocoa experimental plot of the Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria Headquarters in Ibadan. The 3 treatments which were arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design are slashing, 100 mls and 200 mls of Glufosinate ammonium per 16L of water (100 mls/16L and 200 mls/16L). Each experimental unit was 6 m × 6 m comprising nine cocoa stands. The treatments were replicated 3 times. Data on the soil's initial physico-chemical properties and after 3 months of each treatment were recorded. Mineral and heavy metal analysis of the leaves and pods before spraying and 3 months after spraying were recorded. The % weed control of the treatments was also observed. Treatment means were separated using the Least Significant Difference (LSD) at a 0.05% probability level. Results showed that Glufosinate ammonium applied at both rates did not load the soil, cocoa leaves and cocoa beans with heavy metals. 200 mls/16L had 85.00% weed control followed by 100 mls/16L (62.70%) and slashing (51.00%) which both had the same statistical result. Glufosinate ammonium at 100 mls/16L can replace slashing to eliminate drudgery while Glufosinate ammonium at 200 mls/16L can be used for more effective weed control without negative effects on the environment and the crop.
Color-based Classification of Dried Cocoa Beans from Various Origins of Indonesia by Image Analysis Using AlexNet and ResNet Architecture-Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Kristianingsih Wahyu , Dwi Argo Bambang , Jati Misnawi , Ariefandie Febrianto Noor , Hendrawan Yusuf , Bagus Hermanto Mochamad , Rahmatullah Bagus
Published: December 2024

Cocoa plant is widely cultivated in Indonesia and spread across various regions. Diversity in geographical conditions has been known to significantly affect the quality of cocoa beans. Practically, cocoa beans are often mixed without considering the variation in the quality and its origin. This resulted in reduced global quality and product inconsistency. Improved recognition and classification methods are needed to solve those problems. Non-destructive classification methods can be used to provide a more efficient classification process. The use of artificial intelligence with computer-based deep learning methods was used in this study. Beans samples of various origins (Aceh, Bali, Banten, Yogyakarta, East Kalimantan, West Sulawesi, and West Sumatera) were evaluated. From thecollected samples, 9100 images were then taken for data processing. Data preprocessing included denoising of the background image, cropping, resizing andchanging the storage extension through the training-validation stage and the testing process. AlexNet and ResNet architectures on a Convolutional NeuralNetwork were used for classification. The results showed that the average accuracy of cocoa image classification based on color identification by computer machines using Alexnet and ResNet was high (99.91% and 99.99%, respectively). This method can be applied to provide more efficient color-based cocoa bean classification for industrial purposes.
Наран толгойгоос шинээр илрүүлсэн руни бичгийн дурсгал
Authors: Баттулга Цэнд , Содномжамц Дамчаабадгар , Түвшинжаргал Төмөрбаатар
Published: December 2024

In recent years, a detailed record of Mongolian runic
monuments has emerged, allowing scholarship on the topic
to become deeper and more detailed while it is still newly
discovered. Here, we present the results of a preliminary
study of the 10 runic inscriptions newly discovered from
the Naran Tolgoi, in Yesunzuil soum, Uvurkhangai amag.
Based on the shape of the alphabet and the vocabulary, it
is believed that these inscriptions belong to the first half
of the Uyghur Khaganate (744-840 AD). The inscription
includes a memorial dedication to the to a sister that has
passed on, descibes tribal meetings, receipt of orders,
construction of a postal road, and mention of ancestors
and clans. In addition, the inscription indicates that the
mountain of Naran Tolgoi (Khairkhan) was revered at
that time as “Holy land and water” and makes reference
to a political and military unit known as the flag-bearers
(тугчин in Mongolian) during the Uyghur Khaganate,
making this new find an important historical source.
ШАШНЫ ТУХАЙ СЭДВИЙГ ФИЛОСОФИЙН ҮҮДНЭЭС ХЭРХЭН АВЧ ҮЗВЭЛ ЗОХИСТОЙ АСУУДЛААС
Authors: Ц Гомбосүрэн , Б Дагзмаа
Published: December 2024

The aim of this article is to express theoretical position that bears down valuation of religion in Mongolia that grounded on monist methodology before 1990. We believe that implementation of this aim would be exchange of opinion with people those who are working on same field. In the beginning part of this article, we considered conceptual background and social situation of negative valuation of religion in Mongolia during the socialist time.
In Mongolia since 1990, democratic reform has been challenged in all sphere of life in Mongolia. In this case, we consider that theoretical research that reveals new approaches and phenomena in the work of researchers who study religion in point of view of philosophy. For example, methodology of defining concept of religion, transcendental power, understanding of religion as opium Marx said and use of agnosticism.
VIEWS ON MEDITATION PROCESS IN THE GRADES ON THE PATH TO BODHI BY TSONKHAPA
Authors: Oyun Chimeg
Published: December 2024

Зохиогч богд лам Зонхавын "Бодь мөрийн зэрэг" зохиол дахь бясалгалын эрдмийг хураасан амарлин оршихуй хийгээд үлэмж үзэхүйн сургаалийн үндсэн дээр түүний үзэл санаан дахь даяан бясалгалын тухай ойлголтыг авч үзсэн болно. Зонхавын зохиол дахь даяан бясалгалын тухай ойлголт нь юмс үзэгдлийн мөн чанарыг таньж мэдэхэд чиглэгдсэн нийт хүнд байдаг сэтгэн бодох үйл ажиллагааг илэрхийлдэг хэмээн дүгнэж онцлогийг нь өөрийн ойголтоор гаргахыг хичээсэн. Энэ өгүүлэл монгол хэл дээр Философи, шашин судлал сэтгүүлд урьд нь хэвлэгдсэн ба англи хэл дээр олон улсын бага хуралд илтгэлийн хэлбэрээр тавигдсанаас гадна Энэтхэг улсын Делигийн Их Сургуулийн Буддын судлалын тэнхмийн сэтгүүлд хэвлүүлэхээр шилжүүлээд байгаа болно. Англи хэл дээрх хувилбарыг Философи шашин судлал сэтгүүлд хэвлүүлэхийг редакцийн зүгээс дэмжиж буйн дээр өөрийн зүгээс ялангуяа мэргэжлийн ангийн оюутан сурагчдад англи хэл дээрх судалгааны ном зохиол унших дадлага болно гэж үзэж байна.
EXPLAINING THE BUDDHIST THOUGHT OF TEACHER
Authors: Sanjperenlii Nandintsetseg
Published: December 2024

In Buddhist teaching and traditional training, main duties of the teacher were to provide with abundant scientific knowledge to his pupils and examine that knowledge. Nowadays, notion of student centered teaching is widespread and the main duties of teacher are to support and give advice in finding required knowledge, experience and information, to cooperate with them and facilitate their learning activity.
БУРХАНЫ ШАШНЫ СҮМ ХИЙДИЙН ЭРХ ЗҮЙН ХЭМ ХЭМЖЭЭГ ТОГТООХ ЭРХ СУРВАЛЖИЙН ТУХАЙ
Authors: Б Цэвээндорж
Published: December 2024

Бурханы шашны сүм хийд нь өдөр тутмын үйл ажиллагааг тусгай дэг журмын дагуу зохион байгуулдаг уламжлалтай. Сүм хийдэд дэг журмыг тогтоох гол үүргийг тусгайлан зохиосон жаяг хэмээх бичмэл дүрэм тогтоол дээр суурилдаг. Тиймээс эл өгүүллээрээ сүм хийдийн дотоод дүрэм болох жаяг нь сүм хийдийн эрхзүйн гол эх сурвалж болох бөгөөд шашны эрхзүйн хүрээнд сүм хийдийн эрх зүй гэсэн салбар судлагдахуун байж болох тухай судалгаа шинжилгээний хүрээнл оруулах оролдлогыг хийж байгаа болно.