bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationship of Farmer’s Profile with the Extent of Use of ICTs by the Farmers and Effectiveness of ICTs in Accessing Agricultural Information
Authors: Chaudhary M.V. , Gardhariya Keyur V.
Published: November 2024

Background: This study was conducted to examine the relationship of farmer’s profiles with the extent of use of ICTs by the Farmers and the effectiveness of ICTs in accessing agricultural information. Methods: Ex-post-facto research design were used in this investigation and we have selected total of 1400 farmers from different districts of Gujarat. We studied the relationship between socio-economic and extent of use of ICTs for accessing agricultural information. Result: It observed that the association between education, extension participation, Training received, Mass media exposure, Information source accessibility, Innovativeness, Social participation and Economic motivation were found positively and highly significant with the extent of use of ICTs. The education, extension participation), Training received, Mass media exposure, Information source accessibility, Innovativeness, Social participation and Economic motivation were found positively and highly significant with the effectiveness of ICTs.
Une expérience sylvicole au Cameroun
Authors: Morellet J.
Published: November 2024

Lorsque la quantité de graines disponibles disséminées dans la forêt tropicale par les porte-graines est suffisante, l'enrichissement des peuplements existants peut, dans une certaine mesure, être basé sur la régénération naturelle et la plantation ne devra être effectuée que si cette régénération est insuffisante.Une telle expérience est menée dans la forêt domaniale de M'Balmayo (Cameroun). Dans un premier temps, une équipe divise la forêt en parcelles, puis procède au défrichement et au recensement des semis, des gaules et des perches des espèces de valeur présentes dans le peuplement. Les paysans autochtones sont ensuite autorisés à planter des cultures vivrières à condition qu'elles n'empiètent pas sur la forêt.Cette expérience est trop récente (les premières opérations ont commencé en 1947) pour permettre de tirer une conclusion définitive, mais elle constituera, quel qu'en soit le résultat, une contribution intéressante tant pour l'étude de la régénération naturelle que pour celle de la sylviculture associée à l'agriculture.
Le bois tropical matière première de l'industrie chimique
Authors: Savard J.
Published: November 2024

L'utilisation des bois tropicaux comme matière première pour les industries chimiques est envisagée à diverses fins.La saccharification semble possible à condition qu'un autre système moins compliqué que la méthode classique de Bergins et Scholler soit employé et qu'un marché puisse être trouvé en Afrique pour les levures comestibles et l'alcool ainsi produits.En ce qui concerne les exigences du marché français, les perspectives de production de pâte à papier sont favorables, mais l'auteur est très réticent quant aux possibilités d'exportation vers l'étranger.La gazéification totale, c'est-à-dire la production de gaz synthétique, est assez tentante, mais elle dépend entièrement, d'une manière générale, des progrès de l'industrie chimique et plus encore de ceux de l'ammoniac.L'auteur insiste sur le fait que les méthodes qui conviennent aux bois de la zone tempérée ne sont pas nécessairement adaptées aux bois tropicaux et estime que la matière première doit toujours être étudiée avec soin.
Le Sipo. Variété d'acajou d'Afrique
Authors: Rédacteur de la revue Bois et Forêts des Tropiques
Published: November 2024

Les différents acajous connus et traités, depuis plus de 70 ans, en Afrique, appartiennent au genre Khaya. Ils tendent à se raréfier. Cependant, il existe d'autres acajous sur la côte ouest-africaine, appartenant à un genre proche, celui des Entandrophragma, parmi lesquels le Sipo ou l'Assié pourraient être pris comme substituts des bois de Khaya.Le Sipo est assez abondant et convient aux travaux d'ébénisterie et de menuiserie fine. Il a été utilisé avec succès pour la fabrication de meubles et constitue un substitut plus que parfait du Khaya, auquel de nombreux utilisateurs le préfèrent.
Prospections en chambre (suite)
Authors: Rédacteur de la revue Bois et Forêts des Tropiques
Published: November 2024

Pas de résumé
Géologie et ressources naturelles en Afrique centrale, impact sociétal et développement durable
Authors: DELVAUX Damien , LAHOGUE Pascale , BOUDZOUMOU Florent , KAKULE Roland
Published: November 2024

The 1st edition of the International Conference Geology and Natural Resources in Central Africa, Societal Impact and Sustainable Development took place from December 5 to 7, 2023 at the Marien Ngouabi University in Brazzaville, in the Republic of Congo. It was organized on the basis of North-South and South-South cooperation between the Marien Ngouabi University (Brazzaville, Republic of Congo), the Centre for Geological and Mining Research (Kinshasa, D.R. Congo) and the Royal Museum for Central Africa (Tervuren, Belgium). It closes the first phase of the GeoRes4Dev (Georesources for Development) project of the Framework Agreement program between the Royal Museum for Central Africa (MRAC) and the Directorate General for Development Cooperation and Humanitarian Aid of Belgium (DGD), the main donor of the conference. This project aims to bring the exploitation of mineral resources, and more broadly of all natural resources, to contribute more to a sustainable local development in producing countries. Achieving this objective implies that the local geological community acquires the skills which should enable it to advise the competent authorities in order to improve their decision-making in this sector. The objective of the conference was to mobilize research on georesources and their societal impact, in the context of integrated management and sustainable development. It also aimed to promote geological, mining, hydrogeological and environmental knowledge in Central Africa. It covered three main themes: Mineral georesources, Societal geology, and Sustainable development; and three components: (i) the state of knowledge on the geology of Central Africa, (ii) the societal interest of geological work, (iii) the design and management of geological databases in support of research and local decisions. There were 150 registered participants and 50 free participants (mainly students), coming, in addition to the organizing countries (DRC, RC, Belgium), from Burundi, Cameroon, Gabon, Madagascar, Senegal and Chad.
The Value of The Traditional Banjar Game 'Bahagaan'
Authors: Hijratullah M. Shalahuddin , Mutiani Mutiani , Sari Raihanah , Ilhami M. Ridha , Triyono Sigit
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this writing is to describe the implementation of the traditional Banjar game 'bahagaan', and describe the value of the traditional Banjar game 'bahagaan' Martapura. The method used is qualitative research with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques use observation, interviews. Data analysis uses data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Validity of research data by extending observations, triangulation and conducting member checks. The game 'bahagaan' is a traditional game of the Banjar people which has begun to be forgotten but some people still know about it. This game consists of two teams competing against each other, namely the attacking team and the guard team and each team must have a minimum of 3 people. This game is very easy to play and does not require a lot of tools, just use twigs to line the sandy field and shoes if the field is made of cement. Preparing the team by 'umpimpah' and 'basiun'. The field is made square with a length and width of approximately 5 meters for playing. Children are able to show hard work, discipline, communication and friendship. The values that are visible from the traditional Banjar game 'bahagaan' are religious values, honest values, communicative/friendly values, hard work values, discipline values, responsibility values and the value of respecting achievements.
Social Value in Social Activities of Banjar and Arab Communities in Pekauman Ulu Village
Authors: Azizah Nur , Abbas Ersis Warmansyah , Handy Muhammad Rezky Noor , Mutiani Mutiani , Ilhami M. Ridha
Published: November 2024

Social Values are a benchmark for assessing a person's or society's attitudes which are believed to be something that is considered good. There are various kinds of social values, both in daily life and in community activities. Pekauman Ulu Village is a village located in East Martapura District, Banjar Regency, it is a village in which there are various kinds of communities, such as the Banjar community and the Arab community. The Banjar and Arab communities certainly have differences in terms of habits, race and culture. These differences make the Banjar and Arab communities respect each other and value each other, from these differences the social activities that occur in Pekauman Ulu village are created. These activities, such as weddings, matrimonial recitations and social gatherings, from the activities that occur in Pekauman Ulu village give rise to social values, namely the value of cooperation, the value of tolerance, the value of helping each other and also the value of harmony between communities.
Background of Fost Children in The Raudhatul Yatama Orphanage, Kertak Hanyar District, Banjar District
Authors: Rosalini Isabella , Abbas Ersis Warmansyah , Jumriani Jumriani , Triyono Sigit , Sari Raihanah
Published: November 2024

This study aims to: 1) Describe the background of foster children in the Raudhatul Yatama Orphanage, Kertak Hanyar District, Banjar Regency. 2) Describe the parenting style of foster children at the Raudhatul Yatama Orphanage, Kertak Hanyar District, Banjar Regency. 3) Describe the contribution of parental parenting to social studies education. This study uses a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach. The data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis uses data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawn. Test the validity of the data using triangulation. The results of the study were that children living in the Raudhatul Yatama Orphanage, Kertak Hanyar District, Banjar Regency came from various diverse backgrounds, including orphans, orphans, underprivileged, and abandoned children. This orphanage accepts 30 children with various age ranges. Data collection is expected to help orphanages to understand the needs and obstacles faced by these children.  The orphanage management pays attention to children from these backgrounds. The orphanage is committed to providing the best care and education to all foster children, regardless of their family origin or background.
Modeling of the separation process of a two-phase liquid in a high-temperature gas environment
Authors: Yakhno Oleg , Lugovskyi Oleksandr , Gryshko Igor , Mazur Mark
Published: November 2024

Obtaining a high-quality highly dispersed salt solution can be realized from a salt solution by the method of ultrasonic exposure. As you know, concentrated salt solutions can be presented in the form of a gas-liquid medium. The influence of ultrasound, in the case of wetting a surface vibrating with an ultrasonic frequency by a thin layer, leads to the formation of a cavitation layer in the liquid layer and capillary waves on its surface, from the ridges of which, at a certain intensity of oscillations, finely dispersed aerosol droplets are detached.The detachment of droplets from the vibrating surface leads to the formation of finely dispersed salt aerosol, which saturates the heated air, which is tangentially fed into the cylindrical working chamber with further separation of hydrodynamic processes. Part of the aerosol wets the heated inner surface of the cylindrical chamber with the formation of a thin film, which gravitationally flows down the vertical solid surface and is subjected to active evaporation with the removal of the salt phase, and the second part is subjected to additional grinding and active evaporation in the central turbulent flow and centrifugal turbulent flow of hot air with additional by removing the salt phase. In order to intensify the salt removal process, the surface on which the film is formed can be profiled. Ultrasonic dispersion of the salt solution to a finely dispersed state allows to significantly increase the surface of contact with the heated air, which allows to intensify the diffusion process.
Determination of metal crack resistance on half-size Charpy specimens at cryogenic temperatures
Authors: Lukianenko Kostiantyn , Zarazovskii Maksym , Shukayev Sergiy , Iasnii Volodymyr
Published: November 2024

The work consists in the manufacture of experimental equipment for fracture toughness tests at cryogenic temperatures in the range from -196 °Cto -80 °Cand the analysis of the efficiency of determining the reference temperature of a metal by the maker curve for static crack resistance in accordance with ASTM E 1921 and ASTM E399. Liquid nitrogen and its vapours were used to cool the samples to the required temperature. The temperature stability during sample loading was ensured within ±0.5°C around the required temperature. Pre-cracking of the samples was carried out at room temperature in accordance with ASTM E647. Experimental studies on static crack resistance are carried out for three-point bending using half-size Charpy specimens (55×10×5 mm) for the material - 10GN2MFA steel, which is used as the main metal for the main circulation pipelines of VVER-1000. The reference temperature is determined by processing a set of relevant experimental data.
Models and criteria of destruction of composite materials at the stage of macrocrack initiation
Authors: Lavrukhin Yehor , Bobyr Mykola
Published: November 2024

The analysis was carried out and the limits of the use of modern damage models and criteria for the failure of composite materials (CM) at the stage of macrocrack initiation were established. The classification of CM and the main hypotheses and assumptions used in the development of the condition level are described. The main stage of the life cycle of a CM product is considered - the stage of nucleation and accumulation of scattered fractures at the micro and meso levels. The main principles of continuum damage mechanics, thermodynamics of irreversible processes and mechanics of a solid deformed body are used. The main mechanisms of microfailure of reinforced CM are described. It is shown that for them it is necessary to consider a set of phenomenological parameters that could assess the kinetics of the accumulation of diffused failures in the matrix, reinforcing fibers and the delamination between them. These complex processes in reinforced CMs require phenomenological modeling of damage in the form of tensor quantities with certain assumptions. Thus, the "mixture" hypothesis was widely used. It is shown that each component of the damage parameter is more expedient to determine from the hypothesis of the equivalence of specific energies. The method of conducting basic experiments to specify the regularities of damage accumulation in CM is detailed. A modified CM stiffness tensor is established, taking into account the degradation of the mechanical properties of the CM, regardless of the thermo-force parameters of the operating load. An analysis of modern criteria for the destruction of reinforced CMs and the limits of their use was carried out. The main directions of solving the problem of estimating the limit state of CM and the load-bearing elements made from them are shown.
Improving the dynamic positioning accuracy of the electro-hydraulic drive
Authors: Kravetskyi Yurii , Chernov Oleksii
Published: November 2024

Research is focused on improving the dynamic accuracy of control surface positioning during the switching of hydraulic actuator modes and studying the processes and phenomena that cause control surface overshoot. Existing studies on the dynamic accuracy of hydraulic actuators have been analyzed. Transitional processes occurring in the " electromagnetic recirculation valve – electronic control unit" loop during changes in hydraulic actuator operating modes have been examined. The features of processes and physical phenomena leading to increased activation time of the hydraulic actuator have been identified. Solutions and electrical connection schemes for connecting the hydraulic actuator recirculation valve to the electronic control unit have been proposed to meet the accuracy positioning and activation time requirements.
Experimental studies have been conducted to simulate the operational mode of hydraulic actuators, and failure situations modes under various load forces have been identified. Based on the results, principles for designing connection schemes for the electromagnetic recirculation valve of the hydraulic-mechanical actuator to the electronic control unit, which enhance system positioning accuracy at the structural level, have been formulated. Technical solutions aimed at achieving the specified accuracy and activation time for the hydraulic actuator have been developed and practically tested. The effectiveness and suitability of the proposed solutions for operational use, considering external factors, have been experimentally confirmed.
Caracterización de lixiviados y análisis del índice de potencial de contaminación en dos rellenos sanitarios peruanos
Authors: Carbonel Dalia
Published: November 2024

En los países en desarrollo la disposición final de residuos en rellenos sanitarios es la estrategia predominante. La generación de lixiviados genera uno de los impactos ambientales más significativos en estos sitios. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la caracterización de los lixiviados de los rellenos sanitarios El Zapallal y Portillo Grande de Lima, Perú. Para ello, se examinaron los resultados de las muestras de lixiviados y se aplicó el índice de potencial de contaminación de lixiviados (LPI, por su sigla en inglés). Las muestras presentaron una elevada conductividad eléctrica, un pH alcalino y alto contenido de sólidos totales disueltos. La elevada carga orgánica (expresada en DQO y DBO5) y la alta concentración de amonio reflejan procesos activos de descomposición de la materia orgánica. El LPI indica que el lixiviado es altamente tóxico y está poco estabilizado. La recirculación de lixiviados aumenta su toxicidad y podría elevar la concentración de metales pesados en las plataformas de residuos. A pesar de ello, en condiciones climáticas desérticas, con una adecuada impermeabilización de la plataforma y manejo de la recolección y almacenamiento del lixiviado, esta estrategia se perfila como una alternativa que no representa un alto riesgo ambiental y es económicamente viable. Sin embargo, en los dos rellenos sanitarios de estudio las condiciones inadecuadas de operación muestran indicios de desplazamiento e infiltración de lixiviados. Con estos resultados se espera contribuir al conocimiento de la composición de los lixiviados, su potencial contaminante y las implicaciones de la recirculación de lixiviados en los rellenos sanitarios de estudio.
Mathematical Problems of Artificial Intelligence and Their Solution Through the Universality of the Zeta Function
Authors: Durmagambetov Asset
Published: November 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) faces several mathematical challenges, such as optimization, generalization, interpretability of models, and phase transitions. These problems significantly limit the application of AI in critical areas such as medicine, autonomous systems, and finance. This paper examines the main mathematical problems of AI and proposes solutions based on the use of the universality of the Riemann zeta function.
Fuzzy-Based Convolutional Neural Network Model for Structural Response Prediction Under Seismic Excitation
Authors: Barkhordari Mohammd Sadegh , Barkhordari Mohammad Mahdi
Published: November 2024

This study addresses the challenge of predicting the dynamic behavior of the structures under seismic excitation. Accurate prediction of such systems' responses is critical for the design and evaluation of buildings and infrastructure. Traditional methods, including numerical models and differential equation solvers, often face significant computational burdens, especially with nonlinear hysteretic behaviors and large-scale problems. To overcome these limitations, a novel Fuzzy-based Convolutional Neural Network (FuzzyCNN) model is developed. This model integrates fuzzy logic principles with convolutional neural networks to effectively manage the uncertainties and complexities inherent in soil-structure interaction under seismic loads. The model's performance is validated through both numerical simulations and experimental data from a mid-rise concrete building subjected to seismic events. Comparative analysis with a traditional Physics-informed CNN (PhyCNN) model demonstrates the superior accuracy and robustness of the FuzzyCNN in predicting seismic responses. Key results show that the FuzzyCNN model not only enhances prediction accuracy but also handles uncertainties more effectively than the PhyCNN model. The findings suggest that the FuzzyCNN model can significantly improve the efficiency and accuracy of dynamic response predictions. This advancement offers valuable implications for engineering design, seismic risk assessment, and the development of more resilient infrastructure.
Position-Force Control of a Lower Limb Rehabilitation Robot using Force Feed-Forward and Compensate Gravity Proportional Derivative Method
Authors: Gam Le T. H , Quan Dam Hai , Ngoc Pham Van Bach , Quan Bui Hong , Thanh Bui Trung
Published: November 2024

The design and control of lower limb rehabilitation robots for patients after a stroke has gained significant attention. This paper presents the dynamic analysis and control of a 3-degree-of-freedom lower limb rehabilitation robot using combined position-force control based on the force feed-forward and compensate gravity proportional derivative method. In the lower limb rehabilitation robot, the interaction force between the patient with the joints and links of the robot is uncertain and nonlinear due to the disturbance effect of Coriolis force, centrifugal force, gravitational force, and friction force. During recovery stages, forces exerted by the patient's lower limb are considered disturbances. Therefore, to meet the quality requirements in using the rehabilitation robot with different recovery stages of patient training, combining position control and force control is essential. In this paper, we proposed a combinations of proportional-derivative gravity compensation motion control and force feed-forward control to form an advanced combined controller (Position-Force Feedforward Control - PFFC) for a 3 DOF lower limb functional rehabilitation robot. The forces can be sensed using a 3-axis force sensor. In addition, the robot's position parameters are also measured by encoders. The control algorithm is implemented on the STM32F4 Discovery board. Verified test of the proposed control method is shown in the experiments and shown good performance of the system.
Modeling and Predicting Self-Organization in Dynamic Systems Out of Thermodynamic Equilibrium; Part 1
Authors: Brouillet Matthew , Georgiev Georgi Y
Published: November 2024

Self-organization in complex systems is a process in which internal entropy is reduced and emergent structures appear that allow the system to function in a more competitive way with other states of the system or with other systems. It occurs only in the presence of energy gradients, facilitating energy transmission through the system and entropy production. Being a dynamic process, self-organization requires a dynamic measure and dynamic principles. The principles of decreasing unit action and increasing total action and the principle of decreasing unit entropy and increasing total entropy are dynamic variational principles that are viable to utilize in a self-organizing system. Based on this, average action efficiency can serve as a quantitative measure of the degree of self-organization. Positive feedback loops connect this measure with all other characteristics of a complex system, providing all of them with a mechanism for exponential growth, and indicating power law relationships between each of them as confirmed by data and simulations. In this study, we apply those principles and the model to agent-based simulations of ants traveling between two locations on a 2D grid. We find that those principles explain self-organization well and that the results confirm the model. We derive a compact model of ant-behavior based on the action of their trajectories, and then estimate a variety of metrics from the simulated behavior. By measuring action efficiency we can have a new answer to the question: "What is complexity and how complex is a system?". This work shows the explanatory and predictive power of those models, which can help understand and design better complex systems.
Magnesium and Longevity
Authors: Chambers Patrick
Published: November 2024

Magnesium (Mg) is not prominent among the list of well known anti-aging agents. Yet the signs and symptoms of aging mimic those of Mg deficiency. Mg is a required cofactor for over 800 enzymatic reactions (as of 2022). This review does not correlate Mg status with clinical data on agents linked to longevity. The approach is physiologic and highlights specific Mg dependent reactions required by these longevity linked biomarkers. Many of these share common pathways to extend healthspan. Mg is a required cofactor in the synthesis of vitamin D and melatonin and activation of five of the eight B vitamins. It is a required cofactor for all CYP450 enzymes. It is directly responsible for the appropriate methylation of proteins and DNA, which control the epigenome. The MTHFR (methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase) 677T allele that compromises methylation is present in a majority of Americans. Aberrant methylation predicts the severity of Covid-19 and its persistence into long Covid. Mg is a silent benefactor that may indirectly link these longevity agents, but only if viewed in context with calcium (Ca), i.e., Ca:Mg. Both compete for the same receptor. To fully exploit these longevity agents sufficient Mg is required. The pertinent physiology is presented.
The Fundamental Neurobiological Mechanism of the Oxidative Stress-Related Deamidation Reaction in the 4E-BP2 Protein
Authors: Joseph Davis
Published: November 2024

4E-BP2 deamidation significantly alters protein production in the brain and nervous system. It maintains the balance of protein production required for a healthy nervous system. Any imbalance in protein production in the brain and nervous system causes all neurodegenerative diseases. Discovering what causes 4E-BP2 deamidation only in neurons will make it possible to control this balance of protein production and cure neurodegenerative diseases such as memory loss, Alzheimer's, and Parkinson's. Alzheimer’s disease is caused by the absence of 4E-BP2 protein in the brain's neurons. This protein undergoes deamidation spontaneously only in the neurons and, in this way, controls the production of proteins in the neurons. This, in turn, determines whether or not Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease start or progress. The purpose of this work is to discover the neurobiological mechanism that causes the deamidation reaction in the 4E-BP2 protein by performing immunoblotting in the retinal ganglia, the optic nerve, the dorsal root ganglia, the sciatic nerve, and the whole brain, extracted via dissection from 2-month-old, Wild-type male mice. The results showed that deamidation mainly occurs in the axons or axon-enriched regions of the optic nerve, the whole brain, and the sciatic nerve, confirming conclusively that axons are the critical factors behind the neurobiological mechanism of 4E-BP2 protein deamidation. The results confirm that they are also the reason why 4E-BP2 deamidation occurs only in neural tissue.
Biotic Factors of Elm Damage in Ukraine
Authors: Meshkova Valentyna , Kuznetsova Olena , Borysenko Oleksandr , Korsovetskyi Volodymyr , Pyvovar Tetiana
Published: November 2024

Elms (Ulmus spp.) are widely spread in the forest, shelter belts, and urban landscaping. This re-search aimed to reveal the trends of Ulmus sp. health in Ukraine under biotic damage. The tasks included: i) analyzing the presence of Ulmus sp. in the forests; ii) studying the dynamics of Ulmus sp. health in the ICP Monitoring plots for 2001–2015; iii) assessing the prevalence of the dominant biotic factors of Ulmus sp. deterioration and the probability of tree death or recovery. As a result of re-search, elms were found in 3.58% of the area in the stands with other main forest-forming species in the forests subordinated to the State Specialized Forest Enterprise «Forests of Ukraine». Four elm species are present in the forests of all regions of Ukraine. In the Forest zone, U. minor predominates, U. glabra is more common in the western part of the country, and U. pumila in the southern and eastern regions. In the ICP-Forests monitoring plots for 2001–2015, a trend of elm deterioration in 2007–2012 was found. The highest incidence of trees with disease symptoms was recorded for U. pumila. In the sample plots for 2023–2024, the health of three elm species tended to deteriorate. In 2024, mortality occurred among all elm species infected with DED and among U. pumila trees with symptoms of wetwood. DED was more acute than wetwood.
Use of a Novel Feeding System to Assess the Survival of a Very Stable Mammalian Virus, Porcine Parvovirus, Within Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Larvae; Comparison to Mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) Larvae
Authors: Lecocq Antoine , Alencar Anna Luiza Farias , Lazov Christina M. , Rajiuddin Sheikh M. , Bøtner Anette , Belsham Graham J.
Published: November 2024

Insect larvae production offers the potential for large-scale synthesis of high quality protein that can be used as feed or food. However, currently, there are limitations on the source of substrates for the insect larvae to use. One concern is the potential survival of animal pathogens within insect larvae if their feed is contaminated. In this study, the survival of a very stable virus, porcine parvovirus (PPV), within mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) and black soldier fly (BSF) (Hermetia illucens) larvae has been analyzed after oral ingestion of the virus. The PPV DNA genome could be readily detected by PCR in both types of larvae up until 9 days post ingestion (DPI), the end of the study period. Furthermore, infection of susceptible PK15 cells by PPV from homogenized mealworm larvae could be detected until at least 3 dpi, using an immunoperoxidase staining method, and up until 9 DPI using a more sensitive real time PCR assay. Thus, PPV can remain infectious within mealworm larvae during their main growth phase through to their harvesting. However, it may be considered that PPV is exceptional in this respect since it displays unusual stability, e.g. to heat.
Research Trends in Integrated Aquaculture from 1990 to 2024: Bibliometric Studies
Authors: - Rusli
Published: November 2024

This study is a bibliometric analysis of integrated aquaculture research trends from 1990 to 2024. The metadata from this study was obtained from the Scopus database. Using search keywords, publication year limits, and several criteria, metadata was obtained as many as 1,180 publication data that were included in the bibliometric analysis. The results of the analysis show a significant development in the number of publications over the past three decades, with the main focus on sustainability, resource efficiency, and technological innovation. Countries such as China, the United States, and India dominate the contribution in the field of integrated aquaculture research. However, there is a research gap in terms of the integration of new technologies and empirical studies related to the socio-economic impact of integrated aquaculture. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the development and direction of integrated aquaculture research, as well as provides recommendations for further research in aspects of technological innovation, as well as evaluating sustainability issues from a social, economic, and environmental perspective.
A Nash Bargaining with Negotiation Cost for Water Use and Pollution Conflict Management
Authors: Fan Zhipeng , Fu Xiang , Zhao Xiaodan
Published: November 2024

The intensifying overexploitation of water resources and the increasing pollution discharge have exacerbated conflicts in water resource utilization, making it urgent to effectively reconcile the contradiction between water resource utilization and environmental protection. This study developed a Cost-Inclusive Multi-Objective Bargaining Methodology (CIMB) coupled with Compromise Programming (CP) method to address conflicts between water use and pollution discharge, considering the economic benefits and the sustainable development of water resources. A deterministic multi-objective bargaining approach was employed, with two players representing the maximization of water use benefits and the minimization of total pollution discharge. This study takes the middle and lower reaches of the Han River region as an example to optimize water resource allocation in ten cities in this area. Using the CIMB-CP model, the water use and pollution discharge for different cities were obtained, and the impact of various factors on the game outcomes was analyzed. The model results indicate that negotiation cost have a significant impact on the Nash equilibrium solution. Compared to the Cost-Exclusive Multi-Objective Bargaining Methodology (CEMB) model, the Nash equilibrium solution of the CIMB-CP model shows an approximately 0.1% decrease in economic benefits and a approximately 0.3% decrease in pollution discharge. The risk attitudes of the participants have a significant impact on the game outcomes, and decision-makers need to formulate corresponding negotiation strategies based on their own risk preferences.
Oceanic Breakthroughs: Marine-Derived Innovations in Vaccination, Therapy and Immune Health
Authors: Gamberi Chiara , Leverette Chad , Davis Alexis C , Ismail Moayad , Piccialli Ilaria , Borbone Nicola , Oliviero Giorgia , Vicidomini Caterina , Palumbo Rosanna , Roviello Giovanni N
Published: November 2024

The vast, untapped potential of the world's oceans is revealing groundbreaking advancements in human health and vaccination. Marine microalgae such as Nannochloropsis spp. and Dunaliella salina are emerging as vital sources for recombinant vaccine development. Various specific and heterologous genetic tools have been generated for Dunaliella salina and Nannochloropsis spp. To boost production of functional recombinant antigens and even the induction of immunoprotective responses. In humans, promising antigens produced in microalgae have shown potential in combating diseases caused by the Human papillomavirus, Human immunodeficiency virus, Hepatitis B virus, Influenza virus, Zika virus, Zaire Ebola virus, Plasmodium falciparum, and Staphylococcus aureus. For animals, microalgae-derived vaccine prototypes have been developed to fight against the Foot and mouth disease virus, Classical swine fever virus, Vibriosis, White spot syndrome virus, and Histophilus somni. Compared to the sources of other drugs, marine organisms offer unique advantages, including the ability to express complex antigens and sustainable production. Additionally, the ocean provides an array of bioactive compounds that serve as therapeutics, potent adjuvants, delivery systems, and immunomodulatory agents. These innovations from the sea not only enhance vaccine efficacy but also contribute to broader immunological and general health. This review explores the transformative role of marine-derived substances in modern medicine, emphasizing their importance in the ongoing battle against infectious diseases.
The First Italian Uterus Transplantation and the Desire for Motherhood Beyond Biological Boundaries: A Case Report
Authors: Pistorio Maria Luisa , De Pasquale Concetta , Veroux Massimiliano , Giaquinta Alessia , Giambra Martina Maria , Grasso Antonino , Scollo Paolo , Veroux Pierfrancesco
Published: November 2024

Background: Uterus transplantation represents a revolutionary breakthrough for women with absolute infertility of uterine origin, offering them the possibility of realizing the dream of motherhood. This complex procedure has profound medical, ethical and psychological implications. The aim of our study was to analyze the psychological distress caused by infertility and the experience of trying to get pregnant through uterus transplantation in a 29-year-old woman. Methods: The case report follows the Case Reporting (CARE) guidelines. In the pre-transplant evaluation, Giorgia was administered the Machover Test, the Bauman Test, the Million Clinical Multiaxial Inventory- III (MCMI-III), the Short Form Health Survey-36 (F-36), the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and the General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7). The same instruments were re-administered 1 year and 2 years after the transplant and the birth of the baby girl. Results: The projective graphic tests highlighted some significant aspects: the facial expression of the female figure became more restless in subsequent evaluations, until aggressiveness emerged (clenched fists) in the last evaluation. The tree will also be drawn on a flowerbed in the last evaluations, indicating a sense of loneliness and abandonment. Conclusions: Overall, uterus transplantation appears to be psychologically well-tolerated, but ongoing evaluation and psychological support are essential.
Incorporating Sustainability into Development Plans in Selected African Cities
Authors: Gaegane Lesego
Published: November 2024

African cities face critical challenges in delivering essential services due to limited financial re-sources and vulnerabilities to climate change impacts, such as floods and water and energy in-security. Many cities lack adequate stormwater drainage infrastructure and capacity, hindering their ability to implement environmental sustainability projects. Reports show that two-thirds of sub-Saharan African cities are "at extreme risk" from climate change, threatening local infra-structure and development. Climate change mitigation and adaptation require integration across all sectors, as development without environmental considerations can exacerbate vulnerabilities. This study evaluated how selected African cities have incorporated environmental sustainability into their development plans, using the OECD mainstreaming framework for assessment. The research employed a qualitative approach through thematic content analysis, examining both successes and challenges in mainstreaming environmental sustainability. Findings indicate var-ying success levels, with some cities excelling in integrating certain environmental sustainability dimensions, while others face significant barriers. The study identifies key enablers and im-pediments to effective incorporation of environmental sustainability into urban development, concluding that while some aspects of environmental sustainability mainstreaming are well ad-dressed, others remain inadequately integrated. These findings underscore the need for a more systematic and comprehensive approach to embedding environmental sustainability within ur-ban development policies and practices across African cities.
Endothelial Dysfunction and Impaired Wound Healing Following Radiation Combined Skin Wound Injury
Authors: Wang Li , Lin Bin , Zhai Min , Hull Lisa , Cui Wanchang , Xiao Mang
Published: November 2024

Currently, there are no U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved medical countermeasures (MCMs) for radiation combined injury (RCI), partially due to limited understanding of its mechanisms. Our previous research suggests that endothelial dysfunction may contribute to a poor prognosis of RCI. In this study, we demonstrated an increased risk of mortality, body weight loss and delated skin wound healing in RCI mice compared to mice with skin wound alone or radiation injury (RI) 30 days post-insult. Furthermore, we evaluated biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and impaired wound healing in mouse at early time points after RCI. Mice were exposed to 9.0 Gy total body irradiation (TBI) followed by skin wound. Samples were collected on days 3, 7, and 14 post-TBI. Endothelial dysfunction markers were measured by ELISA, and skin wound healing was assessed histologically. Our results show that endothelial damage and inflammation are more severe and persistent in RCI compared to wound-alone. Additionally, RCI impairs granulation tissue formation, reduces myofibroblast presence, and delays collagen deposition, correlating with more severe endothelial damage. TGF signaling may plays a key role in this impaired healing. These findings suggest that targeting endothelial dysfunction and TGF-β pathways may provide potential therapeutic strategies for improving delayed wound healing in RCI, which could subsequently influence outcomes such as survival after RCI.
Seed Potato Quality Assurance in Ethiopia: System Analysis and Considerations on Quality Declared Assurance PracticesSeed Potato Quality Assurance in Ethiopia: System Analysis and Considerations on Quality Declared Assurance Practices
Authors: Tessema Lemma , Kakuhenzire Rogers , McEwan Margaret A
Published: November 2024

Potato is among the strategic food security commodities in Ethiopia, and the country possesses the highest potential for its production across Africa. Smallholder potato farmers in Ethiopia do not realize the theoretical yield potential of the crop because they do not take the benefit and advantages of using quality seed potato of improved varieties. High disease incidence in seed potato has large implications on potato farming system since the country lacks appropriate quality assurance mechanisms. Seed potato quality assurance relies heavily on the technical support provided by the national research and extension systems than the official seed certification agency. This paper elaborates systematic challenges and opportunities of the seed systems relevant to potato and interrogates two research questions: 1) What type of seed quality assurance mechanisms (informal, quality declared, certified) are under implementation in Ethiopia? 2) How does the current seed quality assurance system operate in terms of reliability, accessibility, and quality standards to deliver quality seed potato? The data were collected through face-to-face in-depth key informant interviews with various seed regulatory laboratory managers and technicians in Oromia, SNNP and SWEP regions in the main seed and ware producing areas of Ethiopia. This was complemented by a comprehensive analysis of relevant documents. The findings show that currently there is no established procedure in place to officially certify early-generation seed potatoes. Two out of six seed quality control laboratories assessed for this study inspected seed potato fields in 2021 but as quality declared seed (QDS), and approved the fields inspected based on visual inspection alone. Our study revealed a weak linkage between early generation seed (EGS) potato producers, commercial and QDS seed potato producers and seed quality control laboratories. Seed potato quality assurance operations were carried out only by few seed regulatory laboratories with several concerns raised over the effectiveness of quality standards since seed-borne diseases such as bacterial wilt have been found at high frequency in the country’s seed potato system. Hence, the current procedures and challenges call for the necessity of upgrading current quality assurance in seed potato certification process. Our study underlines the need for policymakers, development partners, and researchers to collaborate and pool efforts to consider transforming the quality declared system to appropriate seed certification. We recommended that institutionalizing novel plant disease diagnostics into seed regulatory frameworks are needed for sustainable potato production and food security in Ethiopia.
Auto-probabilistic Mining Method for Siamese Neural Networks Training
Authors: Mokin Arseniy , Sheshkus Alexander , Arlazarov Vladimir L.
Published: November 2024

In this paper we present a novel auto-probabilistic mining method designed to enhance the training process of Siamese neural networks. The proposed method demonstrates significant efficiency, particularly in scenarios characterized by limited data and computational resource. The study incorporates the application of the newly developed mining method in conjunction with a previously introduced auto-clustering technique. Comparative experiments are conducted both with and without the integration of the proposed method, highlighting its impact on overall performance. Additionally, the research introduces a novel metric loss to further refine the training process taking into account the drawbacks of existing loss functions applying for metric learning. During the experimentation phase, validation is conducted on the printed Hangul character PHD08 database and Omniglot. This validation provides valuable insights into the performance and effectiveness of the proposed methods.
The Role of Dietary Magnesium in Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Nielsen Forrest Harold
Published: November 2024

In the past 20 years, a large number of epidemiological studies, randomized controlled trials, and meta-analyses have found an inverse relationship between magnesium intake or serum magnesium and cardiovascular disease indicating that a low magnesium status was associated with hypertension, coronary artery calcification, stroke, ischemic heart disease, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, and cardiac mortality. Controlled metabolic unit human depletion-repletion experiments found that a mild or moderate magnesium deficiency can cause physiological and metabolic changes that respond to magnesium supplementation, which indicates these types of deficiency or chronic latent magnesium deficiency are contributing factor to the occurrence and severity of cardiovascular disease. Mechanisms through which a mild or moderate magnesium deficiency can contribute to this risk include inflammatory stress, oxidative stress, dyslipidemia and deranged lipid metabolism, endothelial dysfunction, and dysregulation of cellular ion channels, transporters, and signaling. Based on USA official DRIs or on suggested modified DRIs based on body weight, a large number of individuals routinely consume less than the EAR for magnesium. This especially occurs in populations that do not consume recommended amounts of whole grains, pulses, green vegetables. Thus, inadequate magnesium status contributing to cardiovascular disease is widespread, making magnesium a nutrient of public health concern.
Neurophysiologic Innovations in ALS: Enhancing Diagnosis, Monitoring, and Treatment Evaluation
Authors: Donaghy Ryan , Pioro Erik P
Published: November 2024

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive disease of both upper motor neurons (UMNs) and lower motor neurons (LMNs) leading invariably to a decline in motor function. The clinical exam is foundational to the diagnosis of the disease and ordinal severity scales are used to track its progression. However, the lack of objective biomarkers of disease classification and progression delay clinical trial enrollment and muddle inclusion criteria. Ultimately, biomarker evidence of therapeutic target engagement will support and perhaps supplant more traditional clinical trial outcome measures. Electrophysiology tools of nerve conduction study and electromyography have already been established as diagnostic biomarkers of LMN degeneration in ALS, with the more recent introduction of motor unit number estimation (including MScanFit), motor unit number index, and electrical impedance myography. Dysfunction of UMN and non-motor brain areas is being increasingly assessed with transcranial magnetic stimulation, high-density electroencephalography, and magnetoencephalography. Although most of these techniques are used to explore the underlying disease mechanisms of ALS in research settings primarily, they have the potential on a broader scale to noninvasively identify disease subtypes, predict progression rates, and assess physiologic engagement of experimental therapies.