bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ciliated Hepatic Foregut Cyst: A Report of a Case Incidentally Discovered during Transplant Evaluation
Authors: Enke Thomas , Manatsathit Wuttiporn , Merani Shaheed , Fisher Kurt
Published: October 2019

Ciliated hepatic foregut cyst (CHFC) is a rare benign cyst of the liver derived from an embryonic remnant of foregut epithelium. CHFC is typically asymptomatic and is found incidentally. Recent reports of malignant transformation may warrant surgical removal of CHFC. We present the case of a 54-year-old male who was discovered to have a CHFC while undergoing kidney transplant evaluation.
Cross-Sectional Loss Quantification for Main Cable NDE Based on the B-H Loop Measurement Using a Total Flux Sensor
Authors: Kim Ju-Won , Kim Junkyeong , Park Seunghee
Published: October 2019

In the real world, the main cables of suspension bridges are commonly inspected by conducting a periodic visual inspection of the exterior cover of the cable. Although there is a need to conduct a nondestructive evaluation (NDE) of the damage of the main cable, a suitable NDE technique has not yet been developed due to the large diameter and low accessibility of the cable. This study investigates a magnetic sensing cross-sectional loss quantification method that can detect internal and external damage to the main cables. This main cable NDE method applies an extremely low-frequency alternating current (ELF-AC) magnetization method and search coil sensor-based total flux measurement. A total flux sensor head consists of a magnetization yoke and a search coil sensor. To magnetize the main cable, a magnetic field was generated by applying a triangular ELF-AC voltage to the electromagnet yoke. The sensing part measures the magnetic flux that passes through the search coil, and the B-H loop was then obtained using the relationship between the ELF-AC voltage that has been input and the total flux that was measured. Also, the cross-sectional loss can be quantified using a variation of magnetic features from the B-H loop. To verify the feasibility of using the proposed NDE technique, a series of experiments were performed using a main cable specimen with a gradual increase in the cross-sectional loss. Finally, the relationship between the cross-sectional loss and extracted magnetic feature was determined and used to quantify the cross-sectional loss via the proposed method.
Triplet Deep Hashing with Joint Supervised Loss Based on Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Li Mingyong , An Ziye , Wei Qinmin , Xiang Kaiyue , Ma Yan
Published: October 2019

In recent years, with the explosion of multimedia data from search engines, social media, and e-commerce platforms, there is an urgent need for fast retrieval methods for massive big data. Hashing is widely used in large-scale and high-dimensional data search because of its low storage cost and fast query speed. Thanks to the great success of deep learning in many fields, the deep learning method has been introduced into hashing retrieval, and it uses a deep neural network to learn image features and hash codes simultaneously. Compared with the traditional hashing methods, it has better performance. However, existing deep hashing methods have some limitations; for example, most methods consider only one kind of supervised loss, which leads to insufficient utilization of supervised information. To address this issue, we proposed a triplet deep hashing method with joint supervised loss based on the convolutional neural network (JLTDH) in this work. The proposed method JLTDH combines triplet likelihood loss and linear classification loss; moreover, the triplet supervised label is adopted, which contains richer supervised information than that of the pointwise and pairwise labels. At the same time, in order to overcome the cubic increase in the number of triplets and make triplet training more effective, we adopt a novel triplet selection method. The whole process is divided into two stages: In the first stage, taking the triplets generated by the triplet selection method as the input of the CNN, the three CNNs with shared weights are used for image feature learning, and the last layer of the network outputs a preliminary hash code. In the second stage, relying on the hash code of the first stage and the joint loss function, the neural network model is further optimized so that the generated hash code has higher query precision. We perform extensive experiments on the three public benchmark datasets CIFAR-10, NUS-WIDE, and MS-COCO. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the compared methods, and the method is also superior to all previous deep hashing methods based on the triplet label.
Is There Any Relationship between Upper and Lower Limb Impairments in People with Multiple Sclerosis? A Kinematic Quantitative Analysis
Authors: Coghe Giancarlo , Corona Federica , Pilloni Giuseppina , Porta Micaela , Frau Jessica , Lorefice Lorena , Fenu Giuseppe , Cocco Eleonora , Pau Massimiliano
Published: October 2019

Background. In people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS), disability is generally assessed on the basis of ambulation abilities, whereas upper limb motor dysfunctions are less frequently considered. Nevertheless, they can severely affect the quality of life of pwMS. To date, it remains mostly unknown whether a relationship exists between upper and lower limb impairments. Aim. To investigate the existence of a relationship between upper and lower limb impairments in pwMS based on two fundamental motor tasks, namely walking and hand-to-mouth (HTM) movement. Methods. Twenty-eight pwMS with Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores in the range of 1–6, and 21 healthy controls (HC) underwent a kinematic analysis of gait and HTM movement performed with a motion capture system. The spatiotemporal parameters for the two tasks were calculated and correlated using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients. Results. The pwMS performed worse than HC on both tasks. Small to large correlations were found between the total HTM movement duration and most of the gait parameters (rho, 0.35–0.68; p<0.05). Conclusions. Both upper and lower limb motor abilities in pwMS worsen as disability increases. Nevertheless, their relationship is only moderate. This finding emphasizes the need for specific tests to quantify disability considering the overall motor function in pwMS.
Drought Early Warning and the Timing of Range Managers’ Drought Response
Authors: Haigh Tonya R. , Otkin Jason A. , Mucia Anthony , Hayes Michael , Burbach Mark E.
Published: October 2019

The connection between drought early warning information and the timing of rangeland managers’ response actions is not well understood. This study investigates U.S. Northern Plains range and livestock managers’ decision-making in response to the 2016 flash drought, by means of a postdrought survey of agricultural landowners and using the Protective Action Decision Model theoretical framework. The study found that managers acted in response to environmental cues, but that their responses were significantly delayed compared to when drought conditions emerged. External warnings did not influence the timing of their decisions, though on-farm monitoring and assessment of conditions did. Though this case focused only on a one-year flash drought characterized by rapid drought intensification, waiting to destock pastures was associated with greater losses to range productivity and health and diversity. This study finds evidence of unrealized potential for drought early warning information to support proactive response and improved outcomes for rangeland management.
Oviposition and Development ofAnopheles coluzziicoetzee and Wilkerson in Salt Water
Authors: Nwaefuna E. K. , Bagshaw Ibalafake Ibisobia , Gbogbo F. , Osae M.
Published: October 2019

Anopheles coluzziiis an important vector of malaria in sub-Saharan Africa particularly of the most dangerous malaria parasite.It completes its life cycle in water and a change in physicochemical properties particularly that of salinity of water may affect egg laying and perhaps the development of eggs to maturity. Studies have shown that climate change may alter the transmission of many vector-borne diseases in different parts of the world and global warming will also raise sea levels which will lead to an increase in saline and brackish water body in coastal areas. This study investigated the salinity tolerance level ofAn. coluzzii.It involved creation of artificial environments of different salinity gradients using rainwater and sea water and the subsequent exposure of the media toAn. coluzziifor laying of eggs and development of larvae to adult.Anopheles coluzziishowed ovipositional preference for less saline media as there was significant negative correlation between number of eggs laid and salinity of oviposition media. Effect of salinity was evident in egg development and larval survival, as no egg hatched in >30% sea water, all L3 larvae died in >40% seawater, and the maximum seawater concentration for L4 survival was 30%. An LC50 of 17.51% (95% CI: 9.31–24.56)% and 23.4% (95% CI: 16.76–22.30)% were calculated for L3 and L4 larvae respectively. Adults emerging from fresh and low saline water of 10% seawater had greater energy reserve than those emerging from 20% and 30% seawater. Increasing salinity did not affect wing length of the emerging adult. Despite the increased stress on larval development, some individuals survived and went on to emerge as adults in conditions that seem to be representative of brackish water. This may imply that an increase in brackish water sites caused by rising sea levels might create more suitable breeding sites for this species.
A PI3K/AKT Scaffolding Protein, IQ Motif–Containing GTPase Associating Protein 1 (IQGAP1), Promotes Head and Neck Carcinogenesis
Authors: Wei Tao , Choi Suyong , Buehler Darya , Anderson Richard A. , Lambert Paul F.
Published: October 2019

Purpose:

Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide with a 5-year survival rate of less than 50%. The PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway is frequently implicated in HNC. Recently, IQ motif–containing GTPase-activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) was discovered to scaffold the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. IQGAP1 gene expression is increased in HNC, raising the hypothesis that IQGAP1 contributes to HNC.

Experimental Design:

We performed a combination of in vitro studies using human cancer cell lines treated with a cell-permeable peptide that interferes with IQGAP1′s ability to bind to PI3K, and in vivo studies utilizing mice genetically knocked out for the Iqgap1 (Iqgap1−/−). In vivo EGF stimulation assays were used to evaluate PI3K signaling. To study the role of IQGAP1 in HNC, we used a well-validated mouse model that drives HNC via a synthetic oral carcinogen, 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO).

Results:

IQGAP1 is necessary for efficient PI3K signaling in vitro and in vivo. Disruption of IQGAP1-scaffolded PI3K/AKT signaling reduced HNC cell survival. Iqgap1−/− mice had significantly lower cancer incidences, lesser disease severity, and fewer cancer foci. IQGAP1 protein levels were increased in HNC arising in Iqgap1+/+ mice. The level of PI3K signaling in 4NQO-induced HNC arising in Iqgap1−/− mice was significantly reduced, consistent with the hypothesis that IQGAP1 contributes to HNC at least partly through PI3K signaling. High IQGAP1 expression correlated with reduced survival, and high pS6 levels correlated with high IQGAP1 levels in patients with HNC.

Conclusions:

These data demonstrate that IQGAP1 contributes to head and neck carcinogenesis.
Randomized Phase 0/I Trial of the Mitochondrial Inhibitor ME-344 or Placebo Added to Bevacizumab in Early HER2-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Quintela-Fandino Miguel , Morales Serafín , Cortés-Salgado Alfonso , Manso Luis , Apala Juan V. , Muñoz Manuel , Gasol Cudos Ariadna , Salla Fortuny Joel , Gion María , Lopez-Alonso Antonio , Cortés Javier , Guerra Juan , Malón Diego , Caleiras Eduardo , Mulero Francisca , Mouron Silvana
Published: October 2019

Purpose:

We previously demonstrated that mitochondrial inhibitors' efficacy was restricted to a metabolic context in which mitochondrial respiration was the predominant energy source, a situation achievable by inducing vascular normalization/hypoxia correction with antiangiogenics. Vascular normalization can be tracked with 2[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG)-PET. We tested the efficacy of the mitochondrial inhibitor ME-344 or placebo added to bevacizumab in early breast cancer.

Patients and Methods:

Treatment-naïve HER2-negative patients with T > 1 cm (any N) underwent a breast-centered 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET (day 1) and received a single dose of bevacizumab (15 mg/kg), followed by a second FDG-PET (day 8). Patients were then randomized (1:1) to Arm A (ME-344 10 mg/kg intravenous on days 8, 15, and 21) or Arm B (placebo). Tumors were biopsied on days 0 and 29. Succinate dehydrogenase enzyme histochemistry (SDH-EHC), confocal microscopy of vessel architecture, and HIF1α staining were performed in pre- and posttreatment biopsies to assess the pharmacodynamics, vessel normalization, and tissue re-oxygenation by bevacizumab, respectively.

Results:

ME-344 displayed significant biological activity versus placebo: compared with a 186% increase in Arm B, Ki67 decreased by 23.4% from days 0 to 28 in Arm A (P < 0.001) (N = 42 patients). FDG-PET predicted vascular normalization in about one-third of the patients in each arm, which was confirmed using confocal microscopy and HIF1α staining. In the subgroup with vascular normalization, ME-344 induced a Ki67 decrease of 33.4% (placebo: 11.8 increase). SDH-EHC suggested on-target effects of ME-344.

Conclusions:

ME-344 has significant biological antitumor activity in HER2-negative breast cancer, particularly after induction of vascular normalization and tissue reoxygenation with bevacizumab.
SIX1 Regulates Aberrant Endometrial Epithelial Cell Differentiation and Cancer Latency Following Developmental Estrogenic Chemical Exposure
Authors: Suen Alisa A. , Jefferson Wendy N. , Wood Charles E. , Williams Carmen J.
Published: October 2019

Early-life exposure to estrogenic chemicals can increase cancer risk, likely by disrupting normal patterns of cellular differentiation. Female mice exposed neonatally to the synthetic estrogen diethylstilbestrol (DES) develop metaplastic and neoplastic uterine changes as adults. Abnormal endometrial glands express the oncofetal protein sine oculis homeobox 1 (SIX1) and contain cells with basal [cytokeratin (CK)14+/18−] and poorly differentiated features (CK14+/18+), strongly associating SIX1 with aberrant differentiation and cancer. Here, we tested whether SIX1 expression is necessary for abnormal endometrial differentiation and DES-induced carcinogenesis by using Pgr-cre to generate conditional knockout mice lacking uterine Six1 (Six1d/d). Interestingly, corn oil (CO) vehicle-treated Six1d/d mice develop focal endometrial glandular dysplasia and features of carcinoma in situ as compared with CO wild-type Six1 (Six1+/+) mice. Furthermore, Six1d/d mice neonatally exposed to DES had a 42% higher incidence of endometrial cancer relative to DES Six1+/+ mice. Although DES Six1d/d mice had >10-fold fewer CK14+/18− basal cells within the uterine horns as compared with DES Six1+/+ mice, the appearance of CK14+/18+ cells remained a feature of neoplastic lesions. These findings suggest that SIX1 is required for normal endometrial epithelial differentiation, CK14+/18+ cells act as a cancer progenitor population, and SIX1 delays DES-induced endometrial carcinogenesis by promoting basal differentiation of CK14+/18+ cells. In human endometrial biopsies, 35% of malignancies showed CK14+/18+ expression, which positively correlated with tumor stage and grade and was not present in normal endometrium.

Implications:

Aberrant epithelial differentiation is a key feature in both the DES mouse model of endometrial cancer and human endometrial cancer. The association of CK14+/18+ cells with human endometrial cancer provides a novel cancer biomarker and could lead to new therapeutic strategies.
Central Nervous System Complications after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Children
Authors: Ke Peng , Bao Xiebing , Zhou Jihao , Zhu Qian , Zhuang Juan , Hu Xiaohui , Liu Yuejun , Wu Depei , Xue Shengli , Zhang Xinyou , Ma Xiao
Published: October 2019

Central nervous system complications (CNSCs) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) are common and may be a significant source of morbidity and mortality. We performed a retrospective study of 153 pediatric patients who underwent allo-HSCT to determine CNSC type, incidence, and impact on survival. A total of 34 patients (22.2%) developed CNSCs. The cumulative incidence of CNSCs at 100 days and 3 years was 18.30 and 22.73%, respectively. The most common CNSC was calcineurin inhibitor (CNI)-associated neurotoxicity (50.0%). Risk factors for CNSCs were the time from diagnosis to HSCT ≥4.8 months (p = 0.032) and the development of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) grade III–IV (p = 0.002). CNSCs after allo-HSCT negatively impacted overall survival (hazard ratio [HR] 1.97, p = 0.043) and nonrelapse mortality (HR 4.84, p < 0.001). In conclusion, CNSCs after allo-HSCT are associated with poor outcomes; patients with severe aGVHD and/or late transplantation should be given more attention.
Can Less Intensive Chemotherapy and an Autotransplant Cure Adult T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia?
Authors: Parovichnikova Elena , Troitskaya Vera , Sokolov Andrey , Gavrilina Olga , Akhmerzaeva Zalina , Kuzmina Larissa , Kliasova Galina , Chabaeva Julia , Kulikov Sergey , Bondarenko Sergey , Baranova Olga , Samoilova Olga , Kaplanov Kamil , Minaeva Natalia , Savchenko Valeriy ,   Russian Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Group
Published: October 2019

T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a rare disease usually treated with intensive, high-dose consolidation chemotherapy followed by an allotransplant in a substantial number of patients. The data of the RALL-2009 study on 125 adult T-ALL patients suggest that similar total chemotherapy doses given less intensively over a longer interval without interruptions and with an auto- rather than an allotransplant produce outcomes like current more intensive protocols and an allotransplant: 9-year cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR), leukemia-free survival (LFS), and survival were 24% (95% CI 16–33%), 70% (95% CI 59–79%) and 62% (95% CI 51–72%). In a landmark analysis, subjects achieving a complete remission and receiving an autotransplant had a lower 9-year CIR (9% [95% CI 2–22%] vs. 29% [95% CI 16–43%]; p = 0.0076) and better LFS (91% [95% CI 79–98%] vs. 58% [95% CI 41–74%]; p = 0.0009) and survival (92% [95% CI 77–99%] vs. 60% [95% CI 44–77%]; p = 0.001) compared with subjects not receiving an autotransplant. In a multivariate analysis, white blood cells ≥100 × 109/L at study entry were significantly associated with worse LFS (HR = 2.842 [95% CI 1.131–7.143]; p = 0.0263) and survival (HR = 6.085 [95% CI 1.918–19.3]; p = 0.0022) because of more early deaths (HR = 2.42 [95% CI 1.04–5.67]; p = 0.041). Receiving an autotransplant correlated with a lower CIR (HR = 0.23 [95% CI 0.07–0.73]; p = 0.0136) and better LFS (HR = 0.27 [95% CI 0.08–0.85]; p = 0.0256) and survival (HR = 0.158 [95% CI 0.045–0.550]; p = 0.0037).
Bilateral Transverse Sinus Thrombosis following Craniotomy and Cranial Reconstruction for Sagittal Craniosynostosis
Authors: Mohanty Aaron , Godwin Krystalynne , Albitar Mohammad Fares , Malkani Gautam
Published: October 2019

Introduction: Craniotomy and cranial reconstruction is the most common procedure for children older than 6 months with craniosynostosis. Dural sinus thrombosis after this surgery has not been well reported in the literature. Case Presentation: This 2-year-old child underwent a bilateral craniotomy and cranial reconstruction for sagittal craniosynostosis. He had a partial thickness tear of the wall of the right transverse sinus which was uneventfully managed. Postoperative imaging showed evidence of bilateral thrombosis of the transverse sinus with a small occipital hemorrhage. He was started on low-molecular-weight heparin. Follow-up imaging showed nonprogression of the thrombosis. Four days later, he developed pulmonary hemorrhage, had an extended period of low oxygenation and hypotension with acute respiratory distress syndrome, and had to be ventilated for a prolonged period. Follow-up MRI showed evidence of extensive bilateral cortical hypointensities possibly due to hypoxemia. At the last follow-up, he continued to be grossly neurologically impaired. Conclusion: Thrombosis of the dural sinuses is a very rare occurrence after an extensive craniotomy and cranial reconstruction. However, it should be considered during the postoperative period and, if diagnosed, it should be treated with anticoagulants. Avoiding a direct sinus injury during reflection of the craniotomy flap and covering the exposed sinus with moist cottonoids during the surgery is advocated to prevent sinus thrombosis.
Rein cardiaque: Historical Notes on Cardiorenal Syndrome
Authors: Zununi Vahed Sepideh , Ardalan Mohammadreza , Ronco Claudio
Published: October 2019

Cardiorenal syndrome describes an active inter-relationship between heart and renal malfunction. The notion of passive renal congestion because of heart dysfunction and the informative term “rein cardiaque” by the French pathologist Frédéric Justin Collet (1870–1966) that reiterates revolutionized physiological thinking based on autopsy findings will be briefly discussed here.
Biliary Fascioliasis in Chronic Calcific Pancreatitis Presenting with Ascending Cholangitis and Biliary Stricture
Authors: Pattarapuntakul Tanawat , Ovartlarnporn Bancha , Rojsanga Worapot , Yungyoo Thanaidpon
Published: October 2019

Biliary fascioliasis is a rare infection of the hepatobiliary system. In human, it is known to present with two main phases; acute phase (hepatic phase) presenting with abdominal pain or abnormal liver biochemistry then chronic phase (biliary phase) presenting with biliary obstruction or cholangitis. Optimal treatment of biliary fascioliasis consists of endoscopic retrograde cholangiography with removal of the parasite and single oral dose of triclabendazole. We report a rare case of biliary fascioliasis in chronic calcified pancreatitis who presented with ascending cholangitis and biliary stricture. A 63-years-old Thai man was referred to our hospital for treatment of clinical symptoms severe cholangitis. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography showed evidence of distal common bile duct stricture associated with chronic calcific pancreatitis. ERCP was performed, that found a few amorphous filling defects in the common bile duct and distal biliary stricture. After removal of the foreign body of what seems to be a fluke parasite followed with single oral dose triclabendazole thereafter, the clinical symptom was improved dramatically.
Use of a Perioperative Web-Based Exercise Program for a Patient with Barrett’s Carcinoma Scheduled for Esophagectomy
Authors: Hillen Barlo , Simon Perikles , Grimminger Peter P. , Gockel Ines , Pfirrmann Daniel
Published: October 2019

A poor preoperative functional capacity increases the perioperative risk. Therefore, a web-based exercise approach has been initiated for a careful supervision and individual support of patients during their perioperative cancer therapy. Here, we present the data of a 57-year-old patient, scheduled for esophagectomy. Beside a five-week neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT), the patient performed 10 weeks of a web-based prehabilitation exercise training (preconditioning) and continued the exercise program for 14 weeks after surgery. The patient performed 42 of 44 recommended training sessions in the preconditioning period in his home environment. This corresponds to a mean of 131 (±38) min of total training per week. The patient performed 52 of 48 recommended training sessions in the postconditioning period. This corresponds to a mean of 165 (±87) min of total training per week. The patient could maintain his functional capacity during CRT and enhanced his submaximal performance level to the end of the intervention. The patient’s adherence to the program was noteworthy. The most important features of this approach are the personalized design and the flexible scheduling precisely in tune with the patient’s needs, concerns, and therapy related downtimes. Thus, the patient nearly fulfilled the exercise guidelines at a sufficient exercise intensity even during the neoadjuvant therapy. The preconditional exercise prevented a presumed CRT-induced and tumor-associated loss of functional capacity. The postoperative exercise led to a structured and adequate return into regular physical activities after surgery. Finally, this approach complements a comprehensive clinical care, in a health-promoting, cost-effective, and patient-safely manner.
Three-Dimensional Printing Applications in Percutaneous Structural Heart Interventions
Authors: Harb Serge C. , Rodriguez Leonardo L. , Vukicevic Marija , Kapadia Samir R. , Little Stephen H.
Published: October 2019

Cardiovascular 3-dimensional printing refers to the fabrication of patients’ specific cardiac anatomic replicas based on volumetric imaging data sets obtained by echocardiography, computed tomography, or magnetic resonance imaging. It enables advanced visualization and enhanced anatomic and sometimes hemodynamic understanding and also improves procedural planning and allows interventional simulation. Also, it is helpful in communication with patients and trainees. These key advantages have led to its broad use in the field of cardiology ranging from congenital to vascular and valvular disease, particularly in structural heart interventions, where many emerging technologies are being developed and tested. This review summarizes the process of 3-dimensional printing and the workflow from imaging acquisition to model generation and discusses the cardiac applications of 3-dimensional printing focusing on its use in percutaneous structural interventions, where procedural planning now commonly relies on 3-dimensional printed models.
Patient-Specific Computer Simulation of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Bicuspid Aortic Valve Morphology
Authors: Dowling Cameron , Bavo Alessandra M. , El Faquir Nahid , Mortier Peter , de Jaegere Peter , De Backer Ole , Sondergaard Lars , Ruile Philipp , Mylotte Darren , McConkey Hannah , Rajani Ronak , Laborde Jean-Claude , Brecker Stephen J.
Published: October 2019

Background:

A patient-specific computer simulation of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in tricuspid aortic valve has been developed, which can predict paravalvular regurgitation and conduction disturbance. We wished to validate a patient-specific computer simulation of TAVR in bicuspid aortic valve and to determine whether patient-specific transcatheter heart valve (THV) sizing and positioning might improve clinical outcomes.

Methods:

A retrospective study was performed on TAVR in bicuspid aortic valve patients that had both pre- and postprocedural computed tomography imaging. Preprocedural computed tomography imaging was used to create finite element models of the aortic root. Finite element analysis and computational fluid dynamics was performed. The simulation output was compared with postprocedural computed tomography imaging, cineangiography, echocardiography, and electrocardiograms. For each patient, multiple simulations were performed, to identify an optimal THV size and position for the patient’s specific anatomic characteristics.

Results:

A total of 37 patients were included in the study. The simulations accurately predicted the THV frame deformation (minimum-diameter intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.84; maximum-diameter intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.88; perimeter intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.91; area intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.91), more than mild paravalvular regurgitation (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.86) and major conduction abnormalities (new left bundle branch block or high-degree atrioventricular block; area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.88). When compared with the implanted THV size and implant depth, optimal patient-specific THV sizing and positioning reduced simulation-predicted paravalvular regurgitation and markers of conduction disturbance.

Conclusions:

Patient-specific computer simulation of TAVR in bicuspid aortic valve may predict the development of important clinical outcomes, such as paravalvular regurgitation and conduction abnormalities. Patient-specific THV sizing and positioning may improve clinical outcomes of TAVR in bicuspid aortic valve.
Reverse Remodeling of the Mitral Valve Complex After Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Nishino Shun , Watanabe Nozomi , Ashikaga Keiichi , Morihisa Kenji , Kuriyama Nehiro , Asada Yujiro , Shibata Yoshisato
Published: October 2019

Background:

Mitral regurgitation is frequently complicated with atrial fibrillation without apparent organic changes in the leaflet, which occasionally improves after successful radiofrequency catheter ablation. We aimed to evaluate a possible geometric effect of radiofrequency catheter ablation on the mitral valve apparatus.

Methods:

Forty-three consecutive patients who underwent successful catheter ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation (maintaining sinus rhythm for 6 months after their procedure) were examined by serial real-time 3-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography before and 6 months after catheter ablation. Mitral valve complex geometry was measured using dedicated software for 3-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography.

Results:

Mitral valve apparatus showed significant reverse remodeling along with left atrial reverse remodeling 6 months after successful catheter ablation (50.5 [39.2–61.0] versus 36.4 [28.9–43.1] mL/m
2
;
P
<0.001). The degree of mitral regurgitation decreased in a majority of patients (mitral regurgitation jet area; 1.83 [0.78–3.09] versus 0.77 [0.36–1.47] cm
2
;
P
<0.001). Annular area significantly decreased (5.32±0.91 versus 4.73±0.76 cm
2
/m
2
;
P
<0.001) in both anterior-posterior and medial-lateral directions. Mitral annular contraction significantly recovered after maintaining sinus rhythm for 6 months (7.51 [4.82–9.62]% versus 9.71 [6.27–13.85]%;
P
=0.008). There were no significant changes in tenting volume or tenting height (0.46 [0.27–0.89] versus 0.51 [0.32–0.72] mL/m
2
,
P
=0.744; 2.34 [1.75–3.48] versus 2.76 [1.99–3.08] mm/m
2
,
P
=0.717). The leaflet surface area also significantly decreased after catheter ablation (5.74 [5.01–6.33] versus 5.19 [4.63–5.64] cm
2
/m
2
;
P
<0.001).

Conclusions:

Maintaining sinus rhythm after successful catheter ablation promotes reverse remodeling in the mitral valve apparatus and improves so-called atrial functional mitral regurgitation. The positive geometric effect of catheter ablation would be expected to be a possible contributor to better outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation, in addition to the postprocedural freedom from rhythm disturbance.
Intrauterine Growth Restriction Programs Intergenerational Transmission of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension and Endothelial Dysfunction via Sperm Epigenetic Modifications
Authors: Zhang Ziming , Luo Xiaofei , Lv Ying , Yan Lingling , Xu Shanshan , Wang Yu , Zhong Ying , Hang Chengcheng , Jyotsnav Joynauth , Lai Dengming , Shen Zheng , Xu Xuefeng , Ma Xiaolu , Chen Zheng , Pan Yun , Du Lizhong
Published: October 2019

Intrauterine life represents a window of phenotypic plasticity which carries consequences for later health in adulthood as well as health of subsequent generations. Intrauterine growth-restricted fetuses (intrauterine growth restriction [IUGR]) have a higher risk of pulmonary arterial hypertension in adulthood. Endothelial dysfunction, characterized by hyperproliferation, invasive migration, and disordered angiogenesis, is a hallmark of pulmonary arterial hypertension pathogenesis. Growing evidence suggests that intergenerational transmission of disease, including metabolic syndrome, can be induced by IUGR. Epigenetic modification of the paternal germline is implicated in this transmission. However, it is unclear whether offspring of individuals born with IUGR are also at risk of developing pulmonary arterial hypertension and endothelial dysfunction. Using a model of maternal caloric restriction to induce IUGR, we found that first and second generations of IUGR exhibited elevated pulmonary arterial pressure, myocardial, and vascular remodeling after prolonged exposure to hypoxia. Primary pulmonary vascular endothelial cells (PVECs) from both first and second generations of IUGR exhibited greater proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis. Moreover, in 2 generations, PVECs-derived ET-1 (endothelin-1) was activated by IUGR and hypoxia, and its knockdown mitigated PVECs dysregulation. Most interestingly, within ET-1 first intron, reduced DNA methylation and enhanced tri-methylation of lysine 4 on histone H3 were observed in PVECs and sperm of first generation of IUGR, with DNA demethylation in PVECs of second generation of IUGR. These results suggest that IUGR permanently altered epigenetic signatures of ET-1 from the sperm and PVECs in the first generation, which was subsequently transferred to PVECs of offspring. This mechanism would yield 2 generations with endothelial dysfunction and pulmonary arterial hypertension–like pathophysiological features in adulthood.
Classical pathway activity C3c, C4 and C1-inhibitor protein reference intervals determination in EDTA plasma
Authors: Lopez Benjamin , Majerus Victoria , Dubucquoi Sylvain , Labalette Myriam , Lefèvre Guillaume , Launay David , Rogeau Stéphanie , Deleplancque Anne-Sophie , Moitrot Emmanuelle , Maanaoui Mehdi , Joudinaud Romane , Ledoult Emmanuel , Bertier Nicolas
Published: October 2019

Introduction: Reference intervals (RIs) for complement assays in EDTA plasma samples have not previously been published. The objectives of the present study were to validate and/or determine RIs for classical pathway (CP50) activity and C3c, C4 and C1 inhibitor protein (C1INH) assays and to assess the need for age-specific RIs in EDTA plasma. Materials and methods: We retrospectively evaluated a cohort of 387 patients attending our university hospital and known to be free of complement- modifying diseases. The need for age partitioning was assessed and RIs were calculated according to the CLSI protocol. Results: No need for age partitioning was evidenced for CP50 activity, C3c and C4 concentrations and RIs (90% CI) were calculated from the pooled data: 35.4 (33.1-37.2) to 76.3 (73.7-83.6) U/mL for CP50 activity, 0.80 (0.75-0.87) to 1.64 (1.59-1.72) g/L for C3c, and 0.12 (0.10-0.14) to 0.38 (0.36- 0.40) g/L for C4. Our results highlight a positive association between age and C1INH concentrations. We derived 3 age partitions (6 months to 30 years, 30-50 and > 50 years) and the related RIs: 0.20 (0.18-0.21) to 0.38 (0.36-0.40) g/L, 0.22 (0.20-0.24) to 0.39 (0.36-0.41) g/L and 0.25 (0.22-0.27) to 0.41 (0.40-0.43) g/L, respectively). Conclusions: The newly determined RIs for CP50 activity were higher than those provided by the manufacturer for EDTA plasma samples, whereas those for C3c and C4 RIs were similar to the values provided for serum samples. The C1INH concentration and activity were found to be associated with age and age-specific RIs are mandatory for this analyte.
Optimizing moving average control procedures for small-volume laboratories
Authors: Lukić Vera , Ignjatović Svetlana
Published: October 2019

Introduction: Moving average (MA) means calculating the average value from a set of patient results and further using that value for analytical quality
control purposes. The aim of this study was to examine whether the selection, optimization and validation of MA procedures can be performed
using the already described bias detection simulation method and whether it is possible to select appropriate MA procedures for a laboratory with a
small daily testing volume.
Materials and methods: The study was done on four analytes: creatinine, potassium, sodium and albumin. All patient results of these tests processed
during six months were taken from the laboratory information system. Using the MA Generator software, different MA procedures were
analysed. Different inclusion criteria, calculation formulas, batch sizes and weighting factors were tested. Selection of optimal MA procedures was
based on their ability to detect simulated biases of different sizes. After optimization, the validation of MA procedures was done. The results were
presented by bias detection curves and MA validation charts.
Results: Simple MA procedures for albumin and sodium without truncation limits were selected as optimal. Exponentially weighted MA procedures
were found optimal for creatinine and potassium, with the upper truncation limits of 150 μmol/L and 6 mmol/L, respectively.
Conclusions: It has been experimentally confirmed that it is possible to perform the selection, optimization and validation of MA procedures using
the bias detection simulation method. Also, it is possible to define MA procedures optimal for a laboratory with a small daily testing volume.
When Do International Treaties Matter for Domestic Environmental Legislation?
Authors: Brandi Clara , Blümer Dominique , Morin Jean-Frédéric
Published: October 2019

While thousands of international treaties have been concluded, it remains unclear whether they have been implemented. This article investigates the relationship between the conclusion of environment-related international treaties and the adoption of domestic environmental legislation. Thanks to data sets that are considerably more comprehensive and fine-grained than those previously used, we can analyze the direct link to environmental legislation rather than the less direct link to environmental outcomes. Moreover, we can disaggregate for specific environmental issue areas. Our results suggest a positive relationship between domestic environmental legislation with both international environmental agreements and preferential trade agreements (PTAs) with environmental provisions. This link is more robust for PTAs, mostly present in developing countries, more pronounced before rather than after the treaties’ entry into force, and shows significant variation depending on the issue area. These findings contribute to the literature on environmental regime effectiveness and the domestic impact of treaties.
Desiccation tolerance of two freshwater crabs of the Amazon: Dilocarcinus pagei and Sylviocarcinus pictus (Decapoda, Trichodactylidae)
Authors: da Silva Eudivâne F. , Sant’Anna Bruno S.
Published: October 2019

This study investigated the resistance to desiccation of two species of freshwater crabs, Dilocarcinus pagei and Sylviocarcinus pictus. Dilocarcinus pagei survived almost twice as long as S. pictus, 127 ± 82.4 h and 69 ± 17.5 h, respectively. The females of both species survived longer than the males and the females of D. pagei survived longer than the females of S. pictus. Water loss until death was on average 30.12 ± 11.79% for D. pagei and 42.59 ± 7.49% for S. pictus. Dilocarcinus pagei showed a lower water loss than S. pictus until death and large S. pictus females and small D. pagei females exhibited a higher water loss, with differences between species and sex. The results reveal how these two species of crabs behave in extreme droughts in the Amazon floodplain. The females of both species were more resistant, although females of D. pagei were more resistant to desiccation than females of S. pictus, showing a higher degree of terrestriality.
Programming Men and Machines. Changing Organisation in the Artillery Computations at Aberdeen Proving Ground (1916-1946)
Authors: Bullynck Maarten
Published: October 2019

After the First World War mathematics and the organisation of ballistic computations at Aberdeen Proving Ground changed considerably. This was the basis for the development of a number of computing aids that were constructed and used during the years 1920 to 1950. This article looks how the computational organisation forms and changes the instruments of calculation. After the differential analyzer relay-based machines were built by Bell Labs and, finally, the ENIAC, one of the first electronic computers, was built, to satisfy the need for computational power in ballistics during the second World War.
De l’analyseur différentiel à l’ordinateur : le parcours de Douglas R. Hartree (1897-1958)
Authors: Durand-Richard Marie-José
Published: October 2019

Bien qu’il soit très peu pris en compte par l’histoire des ordinateurs, l’analyseur différentiel a été une machine mathématique essentielle – à la fois aux États-Unis et en Angleterre, puis dans d’autres pays européens – pour la résolution numérique des équations différentielles, avant et pendant la Seconde Guerre Mondiale. Douglas R. Hartree (1897-1958), initialement physicien de l’atome, est directement concerné par les nouvelles possibilités qu’offrent cet analyseur, ainsi que des machines comme l’ENIAC à Philadelphie et l’EDSAC à Cambridge après la guerre. Toute sa carrière est consacrée à leur mise en pratique et à l’élaboration de méthodes mathématiques qui permettent d’en explorer toutes les potentialités, débouchant sur une nouvelle discipline, l’analyse numérique.
Machines analogiques et mathématiques des systèmes dynamiques. Le groupe de « Dynamique théorique » de Théodore Vogel à Marseille (France), 1948-1964
Authors: Petitgirard Loïc
Published: October 2019

Cet article présente l’analyse d’une expérience de construction de savoirs mathématiques en rapports avec les machines, dans les années 1950 et 1960, à une époque où le calcul analogique cohabitait avec le calcul digital (c’est-à-dire le futur « ordinateur », terme introduit dans la langue française pour désigner principalement les « digital computers »). Les mathématiques en jeu relèvent des théories des systèmes dynamiques, c’est-à-dire des outils mathématiques construits pour comprendre la dynamique de différents types de systèmes, qu’ils soient mathématiques, physiques, biologiques, mécaniques, etc. L’objet du présent article est à la fois un groupe de chercheurs, leurs pratiques de « mathématiques pour l’ingénieur », leurs efforts pour construire des calculateurs analogiques (mécanique ou électronique) pour étudier la dynamique, le programme baptisé « Dynamique théorique » qu’ils se sont fixés, et l’épistémologie des mathématiques sous-tendant leur pratique.
Sabal lougheediana (Arecaceae), a critically endangered, endemic palm species from Bonaire

Authors: GRIFFITH M. PATRICK , COOLEN QUIRIJN , BARROS MICHELLE , NOBLICK LARRY R.
Published: October 2019

A new palm species, Sabal lougheediana, is described and illustrated. This critically endangered island endemic, native solely to Bonaire, is characterized by a compact crown of leaves, erect leaf segments, distinctive leaf scars, and frequently vascularized fiber bundles in leaflet transection. Detail on history, morphology, range, habitat, and conservation status is presented, along with a diagnostic key.
Philogenia gaiae sp. nov. (Zygoptera: Philogeniidae) and description of the female of P. macuma Dunkle, 1986, two species from the Ecuadorean lowland rainforest
Authors: VILELA DIOGO SILVA , GUILLERMO-FERREIRA RHAINER , ENCALADA ANDREA C. , CORDERO-RIVERA ADOLFO
Published: October 2019

Philogenia gaiae sp. nov. (Holotype ♂, Ecuador, Orellana, Tiputini Biodiversity Station, -0.6349, -76.1501, 241 m, 13 xii 2012, A. Cordero-Rivera & M. Sánchez-Herrera leg., in MUAE) from the helena group is described, illustrated, diagnosed and compared with morphologically close species of the genus. Philogenia gaiae can be distinguished from its most similar congener P. minteri Dunkle, 1986 by the enlarged cerci and the club-like paraprocts. We also describe the female of P. macuma Dunkle, 1986, from a pair collected at Jatún Sacha Biological Reserve, which is also similar to P. gaiae and can be distinguished by the intersternite morphology, ovipositor length and vulvar lamina shape.
A new species of the mesopelagic isopod genus Xenuraega Tattersall, 1909 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Aegidae) from Japan, the second species in the genus
Authors: SHIMOMURA MICHITAKA , BRUCE NIEL L.
Published: October 2019

Xenuraega bythionekta sp. nov., is described from a single specimen taken off southern Japan. It is the second species of Xenuraega Tattersall, 1909, and extends the known range of the genus from North Atlantic to the northern Pacific Ocean. The species is characterized by the posteriorly narrowed pleotelson, and both uropodal rami being elongate and provided with a mass of long plumose setae. Xenuraega bythionekta sp. nov. is known only from the type locality, Kagoshima Prefecture, southern Japan at a depth of 1178–1179 m.
A taxonomic review of the brachiopod genus Australocoelia (Boucot & Gill, 1956) in the Devonian of Brazil
Authors: DE REZENDE JOÃO MARCELO PAIS , DA COSTA MACHADO DEUSANA MARIA , DE OLIVEIRA PONCIAN LUIZA CORRAL MARTINS
Published: October 2019

The rhynchonellide brachiopod genus Australocoelia was widely distributed across the Southern Hemisphere in the Devonian with three species recognized; A. palmata, A. peruviana and A. polyspera. In Brazil, A. palmata was initially reported from the Ponta Grossa and São Domingos formations (Paraná Basin), later recorded from the western border of the Parnaíba Basin (Pimenteira Formation, State of Tocantins), and is now shown to occur on the eastern border of the same basin (Pimenteira Formation, State of Piauí). In this paper, we describe a fourth species from the Paraná Basin as Australocoelia boucoti n. sp. It differs from A. palmata and the other species of Australocoelia in features of ornamentation and interspace, in addition to paleoecological characteristics.
Comparative Analysis and Experience of Using Social Network Analysis Information Systems
Authors: Kalugina O. B. , Mikhailova U. V. , Dema R. R.
Published: October 2019

At present, in open sources of social networks and mass media every second there is a huge amount of information, the analysis of which can significantly effect both the activities of corporations, industries, and the social and political life of citizens. Our article describes the
processes occurring in online media and social networks, the characteristics of natural and controlled information dissemination. This paper reviews and classifies mass systems for analyzing social networks, as well as users of similar systems of analysis. These are systems for commercial
organizations, systems designed for use by public authorities, defence and law enforcement agencies, research developments for analyzing social networks. Currently, the most developed systems for analyzing social networks are systems for commercial organizations. Examples of experimental studies
of social networks by the Russian company InfoWatch Kribrum are given. In conclusion, a comparative analysis of the considered systems is given and conclusions are made about their advantages and disadvantages.