bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Suitability of excavated London clay as a supplementary cementitious material: mineralogy and reactivity
Authors: Dhandapani Yuvaraj , Marsh Alastair T. M. , Rahmon Suraj , Kanavaris Fragkoulis , Papakosta Athina , Bernal Susan A.
Published: November 2023

This study evaluated the potential of producing supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) using London Clay excavated from construction activities of the High Speed 2 rail project. A trade-off between enhancing reactivity versus decomposition of impurities (e.g., pyrite, carbonates) present in different London Clay samples was considered in selecting the calcination temperature. The additional reactivity obtained by calcining at 800 °C is deemed to be worth the cost of the small additional process emissions from decomposition of carbonate minerals. Blended cement formulations were developed with the produced SCMs, with replacement levels of 50 and 70 wt%. The optimal gypsum dosage was found to be 1 wt%, which resulted in improved reaction kinetics at early ages. Mortars produced with these binders developed ~50 MPa compressive strength after 90 days of curing even with 70 wt% replacement, which is sufficient for potential production of low to medium strength concretes. These findings demonstrate the excellent potential of London Clays for SCM production and present a systematic approach for characterisation, processing and utilization of excavated mixed clays obtained from infrastructure projects.
Mix design, optimisation and performance evaluation of three-dimensional printable concrete
Authors: Ambily Parukutty Sanker , Rajendran Neeraja , Kaliyavaradhan Senthil Kumar
Published: November 2023

Three-dimensional (3D) concrete printing (3DCP) is a cutting-edge construction method that has recently received much attention. Most 3DCP research studies have focused on printer development, printable material mix designs and the complexity of geometry shapes. This research study primarily focused on determining appropriate mix proportions and suitable 3D-printable concrete (3DPC) mix designs using a trial-and-error approach. Experimental tests were carried out on 27 trial mixes made with different materials to determine printable properties such as flowability, buildability, extrudability and open time. Printed and cast samples were tested for compressive strength. The 3DPC mix with 19% ordinary Portland cement, 23% fly ash, 7% silica fume, 13% ground granulated blast-furnace slag, 4% limestone and 0.22% superplasticiser (% by mass of total binder) was found to be an ideal mix proportion, exhibiting the required 3DPC characteristics such as good buildability, easy extrusion, low setting time, mix cohesiveness and reduced deformation. The proposed mixing protocol and the suggested 3DPC mix design are encouraging for large-scale 3DCP. To demonstrate the application of the 3DPC mix, 3D-printed concrete furniture was fabricated with a nozzle of size 30 mm, an extrusion speed of 100 mm/s and a printing speed of 60 mm/s.
Covid-19 voices in finnish news media in the global context: A Comparative Study of News Media’s Roles in Pandemic Communications and Public Perceptions across Six Countries
Authors: Valentini Chiara , Badham Mark , Mykkänen Markus
Published: November 2023

Tämä projekti tutki eri COVID-19-pandemiaan yhteiskunnallisissa rooleissa toimivien tahojen, kuten hallituksen, uutismedioiden, terveysviranomaisten, asiantuntijoiden, liike-elämän organisaatioiden, vaikutusta yleisön asenteisiin ja käyttäytymiseen. Projektin tutkimusraportti tuo esiin eri näkökulmia liittyen uutismedioiden rooliin pandemian aikana, esitellen muun muassa, miten uutismedioiden sisällöt ja journalistiset valinnat johtivat COVID-19-pandemian aihevalintaa, uutisoinnin sävyä sekä kriisikerrontaa. Tutkimusprojekti on ollut luonteeltaan vertaileva. Projektin raportti sisältää tietoa vertailevan tutkimuksen havainnoista kuudessa eri maassa (Australia, Suomi, Italia, Etelä-Korea, Ruotsi ja USA) sekä uutismedioiden analyyseja kahden maan pääuutislähteistä (Suomi ja Ruotsi).

This project investigated issues pertaining to COVID-19 related communications by different social actors, such as governments, news media, health authorities, experts, business organizations, and their impact on the general public’s attitudes and behaviours. It sheds some light into the news media’s role during pandemics, thus exploring the extent by which news media contributed to specific understandings of the COVID-19 pandemic by their journalistic choices of issues, tone, and crisis narratives. This project is comparative in nature, including data on public perceptions across six countries (Australia, Finland, Italy, South Korea, Sweden, and USA) and news media analyses of two countries’ main news outlets (Finland and Sweden).
Yliopistokoulutuksen työelämäyhteistyö uudistuvassa sote-kentässä
Authors: Hakala Jasmin , Sivula Sini
Published: November 2023

Työelämäyhteistyö ja käytännön opetus psykologian ja sosiaalityön koulutusaloilla valmistavat opiskelijoita tulevaan ammattiin aloille, joilla on jatkuva osaajatarve. Raportissa kuvataan Jyväskylän yliopiston psykologian ja sosiaalityön harjoittelujen ja muun työelämäyhteistyön toteuttamista sekä niiden kehittämistarpeita opiskelijamäärän kasvaessa ja hyvinvointialueiden käynnistettyä toimintansa. Opiskelijat kokivat harjoittelut sekä muun käytännön opetuksen erityisen tärkeinä ja hyödyllisinä ammattiin kehittymisen kannalta ja olivat yleisesti tyytyväisiä harjoittelupaikoilla tapahtuvaan ohjaukseen. Raportissa esitetään sekä yliopistolle että harjoittelu- ja työpaikkoja tarjoaville organisaatioille ehdotuksia työelämäyhteistyön sujuvuuden edistämiseksi edelleen. Erityisesti on huomioitu Jyväskylän yliopiston ja Keski-Suomen hyvinvointialueen välisen yhteistyön kehittäminen. Lisäksi raportissa esitetään lukuisia kurssikohtaisia huomioita ja kehittämisehdotuksia käytäntöön kytkeytyvän opetuksen kehittämiseksi.
Estudio In vitro de la deficiencia de Acil-CoA deshidrogenasa de cadena muy larga con afectación muscular
Authors: Osorio José Henry
Published: November 2023

Introducción: Los estudios in vitro, que buscan intermediarios de la degradación mitocondrial de ácidos grasos, facilitan el diagnóstico de alteraciones hereditarias o adquiridas en esa ruta metabólica. Objetivo: Analizar la producción de metabolitos en fibroblastos de pacientes con deficiencia de acil-CoA deshidrogenasa de cadena muy larga (VLCAD) con afectación muscular, incubados con ácido oleico deuterado. Materiales y Métodos: Se incubaron fibroblastos de tres pacientes con deficiencia de acil-CoA deshidrogenasa de cadena muy larga (VLCAD) con cardiomiopatía y de 10 controles en presencia de ácido oleico deuterado. Resultados: Se encontró un perfil característico luego de la incubación de fibroblastos con esta deficiencia. Conclusión: Este sustrato podría ser usado para realizar diagnóstico in vitro de la deficiencia de VLCAD con afectación muscular.
Caracterización clínica de los pacientes con diabetes mellitus del registro estatal de diabetes en un estado de México
Authors: López-López Erika , López-Carbajal Mario Joaquín , Ortiz Gress Alicia Armida
Published: November 2023

Introducción: La diabetes mellitus representa un reto para los sistemas de salud debido a la complejidad de la atención, la calidad y el acceso a tratamientos. Objetivo: Describir las características clínicas de los pacientes con diabetes mellitus del registro estatal de diabetes del Estado de Hidalgo en México de los años 2007 a 2012. Material y Métodos: Estudio transversal descriptivo del Registro Estatal de Diabetes (RED) durante 2007 al 2012. Se realizó descripción estadística simple para caracterizar a la población del estudio, proporciones y razones para variables cualitativas y para variables cuantitativas medidas de tendencia central y de dispersión (media, mediana, moda, desviación estándar y varianza). Para el análisis de las variables continuas se hizo la prueba de t de Student. Resultados: Se identificaron 10.198 pacientes del RED, el 66,4% fueron mujeres y el 33,52% hombres. La media de edad fue 52,2 ±12,8 años. Respecto a la glucosa en ayuno, la media fue de 239,1±95,3 mg/dl; la media de glucosa postprandial 293,6±122,7 mg/dl y la de glucosa casual 247,9±102,3 mg/dl. Las actividades del RED incluyeron a 5.795 personas que fueron detectadas en ese momento, lo que corresponde al 56,8%. De las cuales, 11,9% manifestó tener visión borrosa, 48,5% poliuria, 4,7% infecciones, 44,07% polidipsia, 13,19% polifagia, 26,9% pérdida de peso y 35,2% fatiga Al comparar las que estaban en tratamiento con las que ingresaban no encontramos diferencias estadísticas. Mientras que las que se encontraban en tratamiento, quienes mencionaron solo tener dieta fueron el 33,5%, metformina 72,58%, sulfonilureas 62,9%, acarbosa 3,59%, insulina 9,4%, rosiglitazona 0,66%. Discusión: El RED tiene estándares de control glicémico bajo. Se sugiere la elaboración de indicadores internos para que estos les permitan realizar la toma de decisiones desde el interior de la unidad y ofrecer una mejor calidad de atención, el cumplimiento y oportunidad.
Tzíman y Lahax: el peyote y el toloache como advocaciones culturales para la región Huasteca, México
Authors: Muñoz Mendoza Joaquín
Published: November 2023

Objetivo. Analizar e interpretar la presencia de una deidad de origen prehispánico al interior de la región Huasteca, México, cuyas funciones dentro del sistema de creencias propio de las sociedades que evolucionaron a partir de ella son claras y distintas a otras parecidas al interior de Mesoamérica y cómo su estructura ha podido sobrevivir hasta hoy. Metodología. Investigación arqueológica. Resultados. El numen no evolucionará como tal, sino que generará un constructo de practicidad que se tornará en funciones de corte chamánico cuya personificación se dará en una clase de nigromante con adiciones de curandero y yerbero ―único en su género―. Conclusión. Capacitado para visualizar los cortes arbitrarios del tiempo. Esta capacidad, es posibilitada por el uso ancestral de dos plantas sagradas provenientes de regiones culturales exógenas de una profundidad temporal ancestral y cuya utilización se sustenta en una amplia maestría de uso; esta sí, de carácter endógeno.
“Ensamblajes globales” y “reducción de daño”: apuntes en torno a la lucha antidroga y al movimiento antiprohibicionista
Authors: Borja Martínez Ramiro E. , Góngora Sierra Andrés , Sánchez González Carlos
Published: November 2023

Objetivo. Realizar una revisión crítica de los conceptos de ensamblaje y situación de Zigon, con el ánimo de mostrar sus posibilidades analíticas para describir los actores sociales y las redes sociotécnicas (o puntos de apoyo de acuerdo a Foucault) que sirven de soporte simbólico y material al fenómeno global denominado ‘prohibición’ o “guerra contra las drogas”. Metodología. Etnografía del activismo antiprohibicionista, incluyendo técnicas de observación participante, entrevistas y archivo. Resultados y conclusiones. Consideramos que esta perspectiva puede mejorar la comprensión sobre los retos teóricos y políticos de estudiar y hacer parte del movimiento antiprohibicionista en Colombia. El texto está dividido en tres secciones: en la primera se parte de un caso etnográfico para entender los desafíos de pensar las “políticas de drogas”, desde perspectivas alternativas al denominado ‘prohibicionismo’, introduciendo así el marco en donde adquieren sentido los conceptos que se estudiaran posteriormente. En la segunda se discuten ambos conceptos, de la mano de algunos teóricos contemporáneos que han usado críticamente las discusiones del llamado “giro ontológico” en la antropología. A modo de conclusión, reflexionamos sobre el papel de los usuarios de drogas en la producción de conocimiento académico y en la construcción de nuevos arreglos políticos para regular las relaciones entre personas y drogas.
Consideraciones sobre el estado actual de la terapia psicodélica: limitaciones, sesgos y propuestas metodológicas
Authors: Ona Genís
Published: November 2023

Objetivo. Evaluar el estado de la investigación actual sobre el potencial terapéutico de las sustancias psicodélicas. Metodología. Se realiza una breve revisión temática y se desarrolla un análisis crítico de la situación. Resultados. Se identifican diversas limitaciones y sesgos tanto en estudios observacionales como en ensayos clínicos. Conclusiones. Actualmente se cometen errores remarcables en la investigación sobre terapia psicodélica que pueden llevar a confusiones sobre aspectos tan importantes como su eficacia y su seguridad en contextos terapéuticos.
Derechos de las plantas en contexto: dos ontologías latinoamericanas
Authors: Echazú Böschemeier Ana Gretel , Flores Maria Eugenia
Published: November 2023

Objetivos. Proponemos un ensayo sobre ontologías latinoamericanas basado en informaciones etnográficas relativas a los derechos de las plantas en contexto. Metodología. Observación y participación en rituales de cura y eventos públicos; construcción de narrativas e itinerarios; entrevistas en profundidad con terapeutas locales; trabajo de archivo con producción visual regional y consulta periódica en sitios web. Todas estas técnicas fueron utilizadas en dos investigaciones de doctorado sobre usos sociales de ayahuasca en Perú y la coca en Argentina. Resultados y conclusiones. Colocamos en cuestión la elaboración europea sobre los derechos de las plantas, de matriz capitalista y colonialista, que escinde lo humano respecto de las otras manifestaciones de seres. En contrapartida, proponemos una aproximación etnográfica a las miradas que relacionan lo humano con el resto de los seres, considerando los vínculos multidimensionales, diversos y plurales que pueden nutrir las prácticas políticas de los derechos comunitarios y difusos en América Latina.
Aspectos jurídicos, bioquímicos y socioculturales para una factible legalización de la cocaína en Colombia
Authors: Losada Salgado Nencer , Perdomo Forero Yurany , Gómez Yessica Alejandra
Published: November 2023

Objetivo. El artículo es resultado de la investigación que tuvo como objetivo indagar sobre la factibilidad de la legalización de la cocaína en Colombia. Metodología. Se utilizó una metodología cualitativa basada en una revisión de tipo documental. Resultados y conclusiones. Como principal hallazgo se encontró que para hablar de una posible legalización es necesario incluir dentro de ese debate a la coca en su estado natural, la cocaína en su estado procesado y a los consumidores y cultivadores. Se concluye que desde el punto de vista socio-cultural, y jurídico sí es viable hablar de legalización en lo que respecta a cultivo, comercialización y consumo, pero desde el punto de vista bioquímico es más complejo hablar de la legalización del consumo como producto procesado, pues, esto estaría supeditado a diferentes variables: vía de administración, dosis, entre otros aspectos; lo que no ocurriría si se realizara naturalmente como hoja de coca.
Investigación sobre microdosificación con hongos psilocibios: un artículo de reflexión
Authors: Pérez Duque Laura Andrea
Published: November 2023

Este artículo de reflexión sobre microdosificación con psilocibina se hizo con base en estudios observacionales, ensayos clínicos, una revisión sistemática y un estudio sociológico. La búsqueda se hizo en Pubmed usando los descriptores “psilocybin” y “microdosing”. Se tomaron artículos desde 2019 hasta enero de 2023, en inglés, enfocados en la microdosificación con psilocibina y principalmente del ámbito de las ciencias de la salud, que estudiaran sus efectos en la salud mental, el bienestar y en procesos neurológicos de tipo cognitivo y psicomotor, así como el rol de las expectativas en la aplicación clínica de la psilocibina o los psiquedélicos en general. El objetivo fue comprender hacia dónde apunta la evidencia científica en este tema y qué factores se deben seguir considerando para la investigación clínica. Otros artículos se incluyeron por su relevancia en el tema. Los estudios que más reflejan los efectos positivos son reportes anecdóticos, pero hay una dificultad para replicar dichos resultados en estudios controlados. La revisión sistemática no especifica los resultados en relación con la psilocibina, pero se encontró una mejoría general de la salud mental; en relación con la ansiedad y el estrés los resultados fueron mixtos; se encontraron desenlaces positivos en creatividad y bienestar. Se percibe la dificultad en aislar la influencia de las expectativas y el placebo. En estudios de laboratorio las muestras son muy pequeñas para ser significativas. Los estudios sociológicos pueden contribuir con la mejor comprensión de aspectos cualitativos. El estado actual de la investigación sobre microdosificación con psilocibina puede informar los escenarios de la investigación a futuro tanto en las fases preclínicas como clínicas con atención en los factores de confusión, así como aspectos cualitativos y propios de esta práctica. No menos importante será su contribución en la salud pública.
Evaluation of The Influence of an Aquaculture Basin on Water Resource Management Through The use of a Geographic Information System and The FREEWAT Modelling Tool: A Case Study in The El Tarf Region (Northeast Algeria)
Authors: Gouiez Hanene , Labar Sofiane , Medjani Fethi
Published: November 2023

The study area belongs to the Bouteldja plain in the northeast of Algeria that experiences a cold and rainy Mediterranean climate during winters alongside a hot and dry summer. As per the potentiometric map, the movement of groundwater is towards the east. During model development, a single-layer numerical model was created with the aid of the MODFLOW-2005 code and the FREEWAT modeling tool. Some GIS features were executed on the model in a steady-state condition through the hydrological year of 2020. MODFLOW Well (WEL) and MODFLOW Recharge (RCH) models were successively utilized to simulate groundwater extraction and recharge. Analysis of pumping test data indicates that the total contribution via the western boundary is lower than the term of extraction because of over-pumping. The simulation analyses of the water balance and groundwater recharge following the installation of the aquaculture basin, with or without pumping, demonstrate a reduction in hydraulic load in the area near the wells. As a result, the exploitation rate of these resources might amount to or even exceed their renewal rate. In conclusion, our work proposes a modeling approach to simulate the impact of an aquifer recharge management program by adding an aquaculture basin for a dual purpose: the development of fishery resources and agriculture in rural areas.
Improving Player Performance in Five Event Sepaktakraw Through Physical Training
Authors: Utamayasa I
Published: November 2023

Physical exercise is necessary as a sepak takraw athlete. Athletes in order to play optimally, regular physical training is needed. This study aimed to investigate the influence of physical training on the performance of athletes competing in the sepak takraw five events. The research method uses an experimental type of research. The study design used one group pretest-postest. The data analysis technique uses a paired sample test. The results showed that physical exercise improves the athlete's service, smash, and block ability. Athletes have better performance than before being given physical training and after being given physical exercise.
Investigation of Protein Patterns by Using Sds Page in Kidney, Liver and Brain of Cyprinus Carpio
Authors: Sherin Mathew  , Sankarganesh P  , Baby Joseph
Published: November 2023

Western transfer and dodecyl sodium sulphate- polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) are two of the most widely used and beloved techniques in cancer research to identify proteins and glycoproteins. the protein fraction expression on the protein profile is significantly lower on the seventh day than it is on the eighth, the protein fraction expression is directly inversely related to the number of days. In order to determine the number of protein bands expressed in different tissues of Cyprinus carpio exposed to mercury and lead as the number of days rose, electrophoretic research was conducted. The difference between the 27 bands for lead and 36 bands for mercury on the seventh day and the 29 bands for lead and 40 bands on the thirty-first day suggests that as the number of exposure days to lead and mercury rises, so do the number of protein bands that are expressed. Using gel electrophoresis, a mixture of proteins is categorized by kind and molecular weight in the Western Blotting method. The results are then put into a membrane, which results in the formation of a band for each protein. Two HSP70 gene bands were found in Cyprinus carpio tissues after exposure to lead and mercury.
Surgical treatment of post-traumatic instability of the shoulder joint in athletes. Аrthroscopic Latarjet procedure or free bone autograft?
Authors: Orletskiy Anatoliy  К. , Timchenko Dmitry O. , Gordeev Nikolay  A. , Zharikov Vladislav  A. , Vasiliev Dmitriy  O. , Kosov Igor  S.
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND: Surgical therapy for post-traumatic shoulder includes a variety of procedures, such as the Latarjet operation, Bankart, and the use of free bone autograft. Each of the offered approaches has advantages and disadvantages. As a result, techniques for plastic surgery of the articular surface of the scapula have been developed in the last 10 yr.

OBJECTIVE: To comprehensively evaluate the outcomes of biomechanical studies of the shoulder joint in the postoperative period after arthroscopic Latarjet operation and arthroscopic stabilization using a free bone graft in professional athletes.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 2017 to 2022, the Clinic for Sports, Ballet, and Circus Trauma, named after Z.S. Mironova (N.N. Priorov National Medical Research Center for Traumatology and Orthopedics), performed 27 arthroscopic procedures on patients with post-traumatic shoulder joint instability.

RESULT: According to the results of a comparative study of the biomechanics of the shoulder joint in the postoperative period in 27 athletes, conducted by us in the scientific department of medical rehabilitation of the N.N. Priorov, under the guidance of I.S. Kosov, it was revealed that the use of arthroscopic Latarjet operation reduces the strength characteristics of the shoulder joint and violates proprioceptive sensitivity, resulting to fine coordination of movements.

CONCLUSIONS: The surgical treatment of post-traumatic shoulder joint instability in athletes is determined by the sport. A free bone block allows you to maintain fine coordinated movements, which is vital in gymnastics, synchronized swimming, and other sports, and a free autograft does not reduce strength characteristics after surgery. The Latarjet operation can be used in team sports (basketball and volleyball) without affecting the outcome of the game.
Rare Variants in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: From Monogenic to Polygenic Disease
Authors: Riquelme Marta , Rodríguez Ruth
Published: November 2023

The clinical and genotypic characterization of autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), has made great strides recently as a result of tremendous advancements in gene sequencing technologies. Systemic lupus erythematosus is a complex multisystem disease characterized by high clinical variability due to abnormalities in both the innate and adaptive immune systems. Several genetic variants as well as environmental and hormonal factors have been identified, but the etiology of lupus is not fully understood yet. The ability of genome-wide association studies to scan thousands of individuals has enabled researchers to associate thousands of common variants to lupus. Common polymorphisms may jointly predispose to lupus, but their individual impact on the disease is minimal. It's becoming progressively more evident that rare mutations have a far higher influence. The role of rare variation in lupus has been the subject of intense research. Several approaches including genotyped-based follow-up of the variants in families, hierarchical screening, and imputation, have been applied to elucidate their functional involvement. Nevertheless, due to their rarity and the absence of standardized methodology, rare variants are still challenging to study. Most lupus patients present a polygenic form of the disease, which is defined by the complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. Still, certain lupus patients and patients with lupus-like phenotypes might be affected by monogenic lupus, a group of disorders largely caused by individual gene mutation abnormalities. Although monogenic lupus is rare, it has been associated with a sizable number of genes in a range of pathways, mostly resulting in early-onset phenotypes. The study of rare variants causing monogenic lupus has resulted in incredibly useful breakthroughs in our understanding of the function of rare variants in the disease, nonetheless further research is still required.
An Emerging Storm? Increased Health Inequities in the Context of Racialized Patriarchal Capitalism, Deaths of Despair and Covid-19
Authors: Muntaner Carles , Gunn Virginia , Prins Seth
Published: November 2023

his article discusses the gradual increase in Deaths of Despair in the United States, followed by a reversal in the increased life expectancy trend for a subset of the population. This phenomenon is examined in the context of pronounced social and health inequities linked to globalization and capitalism as well as the overall negative implications of the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent socio-economic crisis, all having the potential to further worsen health and social inequities in the US but also globally. The development of effective and actionable solutions requires an in-depth understanding of the root causes linked to an overall decrease in population-level life expectancy. While focusing on the phenomenon of Death of Despair brings attention to the role of class in the creation of health inequities and increased mortality rates, this approach should be part of a larger examination of contributing factors. Scrutinizing the impact of other social location factors such as race, gender, age, sexual orientation and identity, migration, and citizenship status, along with their interaction is equally important. Research approaches that allow the stratification of analyses by population groups are needed to facilitate a better understanding of the observed decreases in population-level life expectancy. Such approaches require long-term and ongoing investments in research and the intentional collection of indicators that could reveal the breadth and depth of health and social inequities and the pathways through which they lead to increased mortality rates for various population groups. The sustained financial investment and efforts required to examine the causes of decreases in population-level life expectancy and to inform the implementation of protective policies that could reverse this trend have the potential to bring long-term societal dividends. An indirect outcome of the reduction of social and health inequities and the adoption of protective policies could be that individuals and populations regain their trust in social institutions and, as a result, enhance their active political participation through increased voter turnout and decreased political radicalization.
Moral Distress and Moral Resilience of Health Professionals in a Greek Public Hospital during the Second Wave of Pandemic
Authors: Ilda Vako , Patsaki Eirini , Kouvarakos Alexandros , Grammatis Vaios , Kouroutzis Ioannis , Apostolidi Theodora , Roka Vasiliki , Kotanidou Anastasia , Sarafis Pavlos , Malliarou Maria
Published: November 2023

Healthcare professionals during the pandemic in the Greek public healthcare system have experienced increased psychological distress, fear and a greater intention to quit their jobs. This study analyzes the factors of moral distress and moral resilience of healthcare professionals employed during the second wave of the pandemic. The target group was the healthcare professionals (HP = 169) who served in the Evaggelismos General Hospital Covid-clinics and -ICU for 2022 and data were collected through life protocols. Healthcare professionals believe that when faced with moral challenges, they are able to discern them and think clearly. They are especially stressed when they care for more patients than they can safely handle when they are involved in care that causes unnecessary suffering or does not adequately relieve pain or symptoms, and when they notice that patient care is getting worse. Also stressful are the situations, leading to the creation of possible moral distress, when they witness a violation of a standard of practice or moral code. Factors that lead or may lead healthcare professionals to moral distress are nursing safety, unnecessary and deteriorating patient care, and violation of medical confidentiality, violation of standards of practice or moral codes. The score on the MMD-HP scale indicates low-to-moderate levels of moral distress. Based on the RMRS scale the moral resilience of healthcare professionals is characterized by moderate-to-high with the highest scores per statement seen when patient care is getting worse and feel pressured to ignore situations where patients have not been given adequate information. The healthcare professionals report that they have either left or have considered leaving their position in a clinic due to moral distress, although they are not currently thinking of leaving their position. The factors that increase the frequency of moral distress and decrease their moral resilience are feeling powerless anxiety, nursing/treatment errors, aggressive treatment, caring for more patients than they can handle, substandard patient care, and hierarchical teams.
The journey of breast cancer patient from self-perception of breast abnormalities to first cancer treatment- a sectional study in Sul Fluminense region-RJ-Brazil
Authors: Resende Heloisa , Aguiar Vinícius , Jacob Luiz , Renó Angélica , Cunha Ana , Assis Biazi , Pereira Viviane , Tureta Leticia , Eler Layza , Oliveira Matheus , Montenegro Matheus , Pereira Lucas , Teixeira Felipe , Soares Igor
Published: November 2023

Breast cancer is the most common female neoplasm in Brazil accounting for 73.610 new cases a year. The organization of public health system is a critical point to provide diagnosis and treatment for these patients, considering that 75% of the population is covered by public health system (Sistema Único de Saúde, SUS). Waiting time for diagnosis procedures and treatment has been used to evaluate accessibility to the health system and can guide governmental strategies to improve them. A retrospective study was conducted by assessing medical records of all patients registered at a High Complexity Oncology Assistance Unit (Unidade de Alta Complexidade em Oncologia, UNACON). The patients registered in the period from October 2021 to September 2022 were included. The medical report was used to collect epidemiological, clinicopathologic data, and main waiting times for diagnosis procedures and treatment. There were registered 143 patients, mean age was 57.6 years (SD±12,6). Symptoms detected cancer was the majority with 112 patients (86,8%). Median waiting times: 1-from breast abnormalities self-perception to first image exam was 60 days; 2-waiting time from the exam to core biopsy was 41,5 days; 3-waiting time from the biopsy to report liberation of biopsy was 11.0 days; 4-waiting time from biopsy report to first visit at oncologic care unit was 31.0 days; 4-waiting time from the oncologic care unit first visit to first treatment was 55.0 days; 5-waiting time from the breast biopsy to treatment beginning was 97.0 days. Our study demonstrates long waiting time from diagnosis to first treatment (above 60 days as established by Brazilian law) and long waiting time spending with each step of journey from the breast abnormalities self-detected to treatment beginning. Integration among basic, secondary and high complexity units, and clear strategies to guide patients with self-detected symptoms are points to be target.
Digenic Analysis Finds Highly Interactive Genetic Variants Underlying Polygenic Traits
Authors: Ott Jurg , Wang Gao
Published: November 2023

We briefly review our recently published approach to mining digenic genotype patterns, which consist of two genotypes each originating in a different DNA variant. We do this for a genetic case-control study by evaluating all possible pairs of genotypes, distributing the workload over numerous CPUs (threads) in a high-performance computing environment and apply our methods to two known datasets, age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and Parkinson Disease (PD). Based on a list of (e.g., 100,000) genotype pairs with largest genotype pair frequency differences between cases and controls, we determine the number Nu of unique variants occurring in this list. For each unique variant, we find the number of genotype pairs it participates in, which identifies a set of variants “connected” with the given unique variant. Among the total of variants “connected” with all unique variants, only a subset of variants is unique. The ratio of all connected variants divided by that subset of variants is a measure for the overall density or connectedness of variants interacting with each other. We find that variants for the AMD data are much more interconnected than those for PD, at least based on the 100,000 genotype pairs with largest chi-square we investigated. Further, for each of the Nu unique variants, we use the number of variants connected with it as a test statistic, weighted by the inverse of the rank at which the unique variant first occurred in the original list of genotype patterns. This weighing scheme ties the number of connections to the genetics of the trait and allows us to obtain, for each of the Nu unique variants, an empirical significance level by permuting ranks. We find 12 and 8 significant, highly connected variants for AMD and PD, respectively, some of which have previously been identified by other machine learning methods, thus providing credence to our approach. Among the 100,000 genotype pairs investigated for each of AMD and PD, significant variants showed connections with up to 7,093 and 3,777 other variants, respectively. Our approach has been implemented in a freely available piece of software, the Digenic Network Test. Thus, our statistical genetics method can provide important information on the genetic architecture of polygenic traits.
Comparison of Cognitive and Behavioral Profiles of Individuals with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Dyslexia
Authors: Bastos Thalita , Augusto Janaína , Arduini Rodrigo , Moraes Joyce , Campanha Nadia , Stella Patrícia , Fornasari Rita , Bastos Talita , Simão Adriana , Ciasca Sylvia
Published: November 2023

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Developmental Dyslexia are disorders usually diagnosed in childhood and adolescence and affect different cognitive functions, however, with differences in central deficits. There is a consensus that children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder manifest alterations in attention and executive functioning. Meanwhile, a growing number of researchers that investigated and described attentional and other executive function alterations in affected Dyslexia individuals. Therefore, our study aimed to compare the cognitive and behavioral profiles of 21 children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (n=7), Dyslexia (n=6), and a control group (n=8), ages 6 to 14 years old, evaluated from January 2022 to July 2023. We excluded children with other neurodevelopmental disorders or neurologic diseases. The results showed that in tasks of working memory and cognitive flexibility, the group with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder presented higher averages than the children with Dyslexia. Furthermore, participants with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder committed more mistakes in attentional tests, mainly in alternating attention, than the Dyslexia group (z = -8.548; p=0.029). Furthermore, participants with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder had higher means for externalizing problems (Average: 62.43; Standard Deviation: 8.36) when compared to the group with Dyslexia (Average: 57.50; Standard Deviation: 5.09), as well as dyslexics had higher means for behavior problems internalizing (Average: 66.00; Standard Deviation: 11.63) than the Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder group (Average: 58.00; Standard Deviation: 8.16). The results found in this study showed that children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder had higher averages than the group with Dyslexia in attention and executive functions and indicated the presence of a heterogeneous cognitive and behavioral profile among the participants, however, the clinical groups showed significant impairments in attention, executive functions and behavior, which can have an impact on the functionality and quality of life of these children.
Language Preference and its Moderating Role in Coping with Stress: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos
Authors: Gianola Morgan , Llabre Maria , Gallo Linda , Daviglus Martha , Alvarez Daniela , Schneiderman Neil
Published: November 2023

Stress and stressful events are widely accepted risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases, including coronary heart disease and diabetes. As language plays a seminal role in development and regulation of emotions and appraisals of stressful situations, it may contribute to documented differences in the stress-cardiometabolic disease association across ethnic groups. We investigated associations between language preferences (Spanish vs English) and downstream health consequences of stress. Using data from the Sociocultural Ancillary Study of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos, we assessed the relationship between reported stress and risk factors (alcohol use, smoking, body mass index, depressive symptoms) and prevalence of self-reported (coronary heart disease, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD]) and clinically assessed chronic conditions (diabetes, hypertension) among 5154 Hispanic/Latino adults living in the US. Factor analysis was used to calculate a composite stress variable from participants’ self-reported chronic stress, perceived stress, and adverse childhood experiences. Sampling weights and survey methodology were integrated in all analyses to account for this study’s complex survey design. After controlling for sociodemographic factors (Hispanic/Latino background, study site, years in the US, social acculturation, education, income, age, sex), higher composite stress scores were associated with elevated risk factors and greater prevalence of coronary heart disease, diabetes, and COPD. Furthermore, the relationship between stress and COPD was significantly stronger among Hispanic/Latino adults who preferred to be interviewed in Spanish (compared to English). Stronger connections between stress and likelihood of drinking alcohol among English-preferring persons also emerged. These results are interpreted in light of the Hispanic health paradox and the role of cultural processes in the development of health risk factors and chronic conditions. Our findings can be integrated into relevant approaches to address health disparities within and across Hispanic/Latino populations in the US.
Inovações para melhoria da informação dos estudantes em transição para o ensino médio : guia para sua jornada no novo ensino médio capixaba
Authors: Aguiar Martim Ancona de F. B. , Elacqua Gregory , Margitic Juan Francisco , Nascimento Danielle
Published: November 2023

Implementar mudanças curriculares é uma tarefa desafiadora para as redes de ensino. Fazer essa mudança em um momento de transição para o Ensino Médio, onde são identificadas as maiores taxas de evasão escolar, torna o processo duplamente desafiador. O Guia para sua Jornada no Novo Ensino Médio Capixaba foi estruturado como uma ferramenta interativa e informacional, partindo da premissa de que estudantes bem informados escolhem escolas e trajetórias formativas mais alinhadas a suas preferências. Estratégia inédita, o Guia coletou as preferências dos estudantes de forma lúdica. Por trás da ferramenta, um experimento com mais de 10 mil participantes baseado em nudges e na teoria da economia comportamental investigou-se estimular a escolha por educação integral geraria um aumento significativo na candidatura às escolas dessa modalidade. Não foram verificados impactos estatisticamente significantes desse experimento (RCT - randomized control trial), mas observamos outros fatores, não relacionados aos nudges. Um exemplo: estudantes de nível socioeconômico mais elevado e provenientes de escolas de tempo integral costumam procurar essas escolas com mais frequência, o que indica um efeito de permanência. Ao longo da intervenção e com base no uso da ferramenta pelos estudantes, documentamos os aprendizados relacionados à política pública de educação: eles podem servir como referência e aprendizado para outros estados na implantação do Novo Ensino Médio e como estratégias para informar os estudantes.
Brecha de género en los ingresos laborales en Brasil: un análisis de su evolución en el período 1995-2021
Authors: Urquidi Manuel , Chalup Miguel , Sardán Solange
Published: November 2023

A disparidade de renda do trabalho entre homens e mulheres na América Latina é um obstáculo para alcançar a igualdade de gênero e o desenvolvimento sustentável. No Brasil, essa lacuna persiste apesar de as mulheres, em muitos casos, terem um perfil profissional melhor que os homens, o que sugere a existência de preconceitos de gênero. Verifica-se também que esta lacuna é maior entre os trabalhadores do setor informal. Existe também uma diferença heterogênea de rendas a favor dos homens na maioria das profissões. Para analisar a disparidade de gênero na renda do trabalho no Brasil entre 1995 e 2021, este estudo utiliza a Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) harmonizada pelo Banco Interamericano de Desenvolvimento (BID) e são apresentadas duas metodologias para estimá-la: a decomposição de Blinder-Oaxaca e a decomposição de Ñopo. Ao longo de mais de duas décadas, a análise sugere a possível existência de preconceitos ou discriminação de gênero. Também permite observar uma redução gradual da disparidade total da renda do trabalho entre homens e mulheres no período considerado. Isto indica que são necessários esforços adicionais para compreender a disparidade registrada. A análise mostra que embora a lacuna total tenha sido reduzida - como aconteceu em muitos outros países da região -, geralmente esta diminuição está relacionada com a lacuna explicada (derivada das dotações dos indivíduos em educação, experiência de trabalho, idade) e não com uma redução da lacuna que não pode ser explicada por estas variáveis e que poderia estar associada a regulamentações diferenciadas por gênero, preconceitos, vícios ou discriminação, que persistem ao longo do tempo.
Transformando la relación contribuyente-administración tributaria en América Latina: el papel de los programas de cumplimiento cooperativo
Authors: Barroso Tostes Neto José , Calijuri Mónica
Published: November 2023

El modelo tradicional de gestión tributaria, basado en el control y sanciones, se revela inadecuado frente a la alta litigiosidad tributaria en muchos países. En respuesta, varios países están adoptando programas de cumplimiento tributario cooperativo (PCC) con el propósito de mejorar la relación entre los contribuyentes y las autoridades tributarias, fomentando la transparencia y la colaboración. Sin embargo, la adopción de estos programas aún se encuentra limitada a unos pocos países. Este documento analiza la implementación de los PCC y destaca buenas prácticas y hallazgos claves para su implementación en los países de América Latina y el Caribe. Entre ellos, se enfatiza la importancia de un enfoque de cumplimiento basado en la estrategia de conformidad y la gestión de riesgos, lo que permite a las autoridades tributarias asignar sus recursos de manera más eficiente y mejorar el ambiente de negocios en los países.
Mechanical and Thermal Characteristics of Concrete Reinforced with Crushed Glass and Glass Fiber: An Experimental Study
Authors: Abdulkaream Mais Abdulrahman
Published: November 2023

The incorporation of waste glass and glass fiber, as replacements for fine aggregate and cement respectively, offers a sustainable strategy to mitigate landfilling and virgin aggregate extraction. The present study delves into the influence of these waste derivatives on the mechanical and thermal attributes of concrete. Fine aggregate was substituted by crushed glass shards in a weight-to-weight ratio ranging from 5% to 30%, and cement was replaced by glass fiber in a weight-to-weight ratio of 1%. Mechanical attributes such as compressive, flexural, and splitting strength were evaluated, along with thermal characteristics of the concrete. A concrete mix ratio of 1:2:4 and a water/cement ratio of 0.45 were employed. The results revealed that concrete designated as Mcf20% demonstrated superior mechanical properties compared to the reference concrete. After 28 days, compressive strength of 51.2 MPa, flexural strength of 6.5 MPa, and splitting tensile strength of 3.78 MPa were recorded for Mcf20% concrete, signifying the beneficial effects of the combined use of glass fiber and crushed glass. Furthermore, an inverse relationship was observed between the percentage of waste additives and thermal conductivity. This investigation underscores the potential of recycling glass and glass fiber as eco-friendly additives in concrete, improving both mechanical properties and thermal performance, thus endorsing their use in structural and architectural concrete applications.
El papel de las actitudes hacia la masturbación y las prácticas sexuales en la culpabilidad sexual del varón adolescente
Authors: Ávila-Toscano José Hernando , Rambal-Rivaldo Laura Isabel , Moreno-Herrera Campo Elías
Published: November 2023

Pese a ser común, la masturbación adolescente implica cargas emocionales negativas. Este estudio evaluó la culpabilidad sexual y las actitudes hacia la masturbación en adolescentes varones en función de sus prácticas sexuales, definiendo si estas variables predicen la culpabilidad. Mediante un estudio predictivo transversal con 303 adolescentes colombianos entre catorce y dieciocho años, mayoritariamente heterosexuales (90,1%), se identificó que el 90,4% practica la masturbación semanal o mensualmente, también fue frecuente el uso de pornografía y el intercambio de contenido sexual por vía digital (sexting). Empleando análisis de regresión, se determinó que la culpabilidad sexual es predicha por el efecto conjunto de los afectos negativos hacia la masturbación y la experiencia sexual. La carga afectiva implicada en la masturbación sugiere poca aceptación de la propia sexualidad. Se puntualiza la necesidad de fomentar programas de educación efectivos que fomenten actitudes favorables hacia la sexualidad y la formación crítica ante la elección de prácticas sexuales.
Adaptación de la Escala de Síndrome de Boreout para trabajadores mexicanos
Authors: Villavicencio Ayub Erika , García González Bryan Eduardo
Published: November 2023

Se adaptó la versión venezolana de la Escala de Síndrome de Boreout para trabajadores mexicanos. Se incluyeron reactivos adicionales a la escala original, con el propósito de incorporar el factor de sobrecarga de trabajo imaginaria, el cual hace referencia a las principales estrategias pro-Boreout que dificultan la identificación del síndrome. El análisis de contenido mostró adecuación respecto a los aspectos lingüísticos y culturales de la versión original, arrojando el análisis factorial exploratorio de tres factores. De acuerdo con el agrupamiento de los reactivos, se replicaron dos de los tres factores originales y se incorporó el factor de sobrecarga de trabajo imaginaría. El análisis factorial confirmatorio evidenció un buen ajuste a los datos. La consistencia interna se calculó mediante el alfa de Cronbach, obteniéndose un valor global de α = .81. Los hallazgos sugieren que la escala cuenta con propiedades psicométricas adecuadas para su aplicación en trabajadores mexicanos.