bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reclaiming Geospatial Data and GIS Design for Indigenous-led Telecommunications Policy Advocacy: A Process Discussion of Mapping Broadband Availability in Remote and Northern Regions of Canada
Authors: McMahon Rob , Smith Trevor James , Whiteduck Tim
Published: December 2017

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and geospatial data are important advocacy tools adopted by a range of users, including telecommunications policy advocates. However, without the means to actively deconstruct and reshape such platforms, reclaim the geospatial data they utilize, and generate the visualizations they produce, the increasing adoption of these resources threatens to disempower some community-based user groups. In this article, we argue that the processes used to design such tools for policy advocacy must transparently reflect the socially constructed nature of the GIS systems and the geospatial data visualizations they generate, as well as the values and goals of the specific user groups they are designed to support. We ground this argument in a case study of a regulatory hearing on telecommunications infrastructure and services in Canada, and introduce a freely available online resource that documents our GIS design workflow in more detail.
O jovem Nietzsche e as instituições de formação alemãs
Authors: Gonçalves Alexander , Souza Antônio Carlos de
Published: December 2017

De um modo geral, o posicionamento do jovem Nietzsche frente às instituições de formação alemãs (deutsche Bildungsanstalten) se encontra na esteira de sua crítica à formação (Bildung) e deve ser compreendido no âmbito maior de seu projeto de reforma (ou reedificação) da cultura alemã (deutsche Kultur). Partindo da análise da crítica nietzschiana à formação (Bildung) alemã, primeiramente pela via do filisteu da formação (Bildungsphilister) e em seguida pela via dos estabelecimentos de formação alemães, nosso escopo será mostrar de que modo a língua materna, para o jovem Nietzsche, constitui um elemento fundamental para a formação do homem, bem como para a constituição da cultura de um povo. Isso justifica a preocupação nietzschiana com o seu tratamento por parte dos filisteus da formação, bem como com o seu ensino nas instituições de formação alemãs, que, para o jovem filólogo, deve ser conduzido de forma rigorosa e sempre sob a batuta do gênio.
Antioxidant activity of Trifolium resupinatum L. exposed to different extracts from leaves, flowers and shoots of Prangos ferulacea
Authors: Bazdar Mohsen , Sadeghi Hossein
Published: December 2017

Prangos ferulacea is a member of Apiaceae family, is a popular fodder for livestock production and an important species in rangeland restoration. The objectives of the research are the comparative phytotoxic activity of aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts obtained from different organs (flower, shoot and leaf) of P. ferulacea on antioxidant response of Trifolium resupinatum was investigated in a laboratory bioassay. Antioxidant enzyme activities including catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), ascorbic peroxidase (APX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), in line with content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide were measured. Results indicated that hydroalcoholic extract of P. ferulaceae flower possess the highest total phenolic content as well as highest phytotoxic effect on T. resupinatum. The highest antioxidant enzyme activity belonged to hydroalcoholic treatment. The treated T. resupinatum seedlings experienced lipid peroxidation at high extract concentrations (12% of hydroalcoholic and 100% of aqueous extract) as evidenced by increased concentration of MDA. In response to this, the activities of SOD, CAT, POD and APX increased at lower extract concentrations but significantly dropped as concentrations increased. According to results of this study, rehabilitation of T. resupinatum sites through the use of P. ferulaceae will probably not be successful.
Knowledge and Attitudes about Schizophrenia among Employers in Japan
Authors: Yoshii Hatsumi , Mitsunaga Norika , Saito Hidemitsu
Published: December 2017

PURPOSE: A high percentage of schizophrenia patients cannot find work. If these patients are to find long-term employment, it is essential that employers understand schizophrenia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess knowledge and attitudes about schizophrenia among employers in Japan.METHODS: A total of 1877 executives were recruited from private companies to examine knowledge and attitudes about schizophrenia, awareness of employment support, and likelihood of hiring schizophrenic patients. Higher scores indicated greater knowledge and/or higher levels of stigma.RESULTS: Small-scale entrepreneurs were significantly less likely to believe that they might be able to employ a schizophrenia patient. They tended to regard mentally ill people, including schizophrenia patients, as dangerous, despite having little or no contact with them. Basic knowledge of schizophrenia was significantly higher (p = 0.001) and average scores on a number of attitude measures significantly lower (p = 0.001) for employers who said they might employ people with schizophrenia than those that didn’t. More than 83.5% of respondents were unaware of support available for people with mental illnesses. Half expressed desire for support from outside agencies in hiring and ongoing employment of people with schizophrenia.CONCLUSIONS: This study identified a particular group of employers who were very unlikely to employ anyone with schizophrenia. This might enable targeted interventions to change attitudes among this group. Also found was a widespread lack of knowledge of support available for employers and employees, suggesting that more public information about this may be helpful in increasing employment among those with mental health problems.
Can Myrmica rubra Ants Use Tools or Learn to Use Them?
Authors: Cammaerts Marie-Claire
Published: December 2017

The aim of this study was to define the limit of ant cognition, and we examined whether Myrmica rubra ants could use tools or learn to use them. We presented the ants with 1) a piece of mealworm inserted into a small tube tied to a thread that had to be pulled for easy access to the mealworm; 2) a plug that closed the entrance of the ant sugar water tube provided with two push-pieces that had to be pushed to remove the plug from the entrance; and 3) a plug, closing the nest entrance, provided with a thread that had to be pulled to remove the plug. The ants could not use these “proto-tools”. After exposure to proto-tools having been used, some ants interacted with them, shortly, not efficiently. During the first experiment, the ants received the larva progressively inserted further into the tube, and interacted with the proto-tool more than during the two other experiments. Therefore, Myrmica rubra ants might be able to use some proto-tools following long-lasting habituation, imitation or conditioning processes, which would not be a strictly use of tools. Thus, ant cognition in this species extended up to but did not include the use of proto-tools, and at fortiori of sensu stricto tools.
Benchmark-Based Preferences Make Investors Loss Averse in Bull Markets and Gain Seeking in Bear Markets
Authors: Bordley Robert , Tibiletti Luisa
Published: December 2017

Recent empirical studies have shown that investors are far more likely to be loss averse during bull markets than during bear ones. The aim of this short note is to give solid foundations to this empirical evidence. Using the benchmark-based preference method we establish a direct connection between the individual perception of the market trend and the individual risk preferences. Then we develop a novel definition of loss aversion and gain seeking which intuitively captures the human attitudes described by the quotes “losses loom larger than gains” and “gains loom larger than losses”, respectively. Our findings have also practical applications.  In fact they may offer a solid explanation to the disposition effect. According to this cognitive bias in bull markets investors are driven by loss aversion and tend to sell winners too early; whereas in bear markets investors are driven by gain seeking and tend to hold losers too long.
The Peer Assisted Teaching Model for Undergraduate Research at a HBCU
Authors: Wu Liyun , Lewis Marilyn W.
Published: December 2017

Despite wide application of research skills in higher education, undergraduate students reported research and computer anxiety, and low association between research and their professional goals. This study aims to assess whether peer-assisted mentoring programs would promote positive changes in undergraduates’ attitudes toward research. Using a quasi-experimental one-group, pretest-posttest research design, the study assessed changes in attitudes by having doctoral candidates mentor undergraduate students during a summer statistics camp. Findings from paired-samples t-test indicated that students became familiar with the twelve statistical concepts upon completion, gained more positive affect related to statistics and an increase in their positive attitude about statistical skills, whereas they had lower scores prior to it. Notwithstanding the small sample size, these data indicate that including a peer assisted statistics camp in the academic curriculum would be beneficial for undergraduate students and increase their knowledge about research and statistics.
Teacher Opinions on the Problems Faced in Reading and Writing by Syrian Migrant Children in Their First Class at Primary School
Authors: Ugurlu Necla Isikdogan , Kayhan Nilay
Published: December 2017

The objective of this study is to evaluate, according to the opinions of teachers, the problems faced by the children of Syrian families who have taken refuge in Turkey since 2011 with regard to their linguistic and communication skills, as well as their reading and writing process in Turkish as a foreign language. The research group is composed of seven teachers working in the first class of public primary schools attended by Syrian children. The study, which is based on the statements and perceptions of teachers, has been designed with the descriptive approach in the qualitative research method. Linguistic problems faced by Syrian immigrant children during their reading and writing process in Turkish as a foreign language, as well as the opinions of teachers on solution recommendations, are treated in detail in the study. The opinions of teachers are assessed under four main theme: Opinions on preparatory processes of instructing Turkish as a foreign language; opinions on communication approaches and the program implemented during the instruction of reading and writing; the importance of cooperation in the solving of problems; and opinions on instructing Turkish to Syrian children in a more effective manner. The study found that class teachers experience many problems in teaching Turkish reading and writing as a foreign language to Syrian students, as well as developing their linguistic and communication skills. The findings also reveal that teachers tend to look for support from their colleagues and other students in their classes, rather than from the families of children.
WPŁYW FUNKCJI OKNA NA SKUTECZNOŚĆ IDENTYFIKACJI STANU EMOCJONALNEGO MÓWCY
Authors: Powroźnik Paweł , Czerwiński Dariusz
Published: December 2017

Artykuł prezentuje wpływ doboru funkcji okna wykorzystywanej w procesie obliczania spektrogramu, na skuteczność identyfikacji stanu emocjonalnego mówcy posługującego się mową polską. W badaniach wykorzystano następujące funkcje okna: Hamminga, Gaussa, Dolpha–Czebyszewa, Blackmana, Nuttalla, Blackmana-Harrisa. Ponadto został przedstawiony sposób przetwarzania spektrogramu przez sztuczną sieć neuronową (SSN), odpowiedzialną za identyfikację stanu emocjonalnego mówcy. Otrzymane wyniki pozwoliły na ocenę skuteczności rozpoznawania stanu emocjonalnego za pomocą SSN. Średnia skuteczność wahała się od około 70% do ponad 87%.
Ciclo de Vida dos Sistemas: uma Análise dos Desafios da Implementação de um Sistema de Informação em uma Instituição de Saúde Pública
Authors: Lehnhart Eliete Dos Reis , Silva Tiago Chiapinotto da , Losekann Vanderléia Leal , Löbler Mauri Leodir , Tagliapietra Rafaela Dutra
Published: December 2017

The objective of this study was to investigate the process of implementation of an information system in a public health institution located in a city in the interior of Rio Grande do Sul. For this we used the case study strategy, through semi-structured interviews with the team responsible for system implementation project, from the concept of life cycle of information systems proposed by Audy, Andrade and Cidral (2005). The results demonstrate that the institution is in the system installation phase. It was also possible to identify some problems faced in the course of the project, as well as direct and indirect gains for public administration and for patients from public municipal health.
Distúrbios psíquicos menores em estudantes de graduação em enfermagem: estudo transversal
Authors: Pedro Cecília Mariane Pinheiro , Magnago Tânia Solange Bosi de Souza , Marconato Cíntia Da Silva , Morais Bruna Xavier , Magnago Ana Carolina de Souza , Andolhe Rafaela
Published: December 2017

Objetivo: Verificar a prevalência e os fatores associados aos Distúrbios Psíquicos Menores (DPMs) em estudantes de graduação em enfermagem de uma universidade pública do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Método: Estudo transversal, desenvolvido em dezembro de 2014, com 149 estudantes de graduação em enfermagem. Utilizou-se questionário autopreenchível com questões sociodemográficas, acadêmicas e de saúde e a versão brasileira do Self Reporting Questionnaire – 20. Para a análise, utilizou-se a estatística descritiva e analítica no programa Predictive Analytics Software (PASW Statistics®). Resultados: Predominaram estudantes do sexo feminino, com idade entre 21 e 30 anos, solteiros e que estavam cursando o 4º semestre da graduação. A prevalência de DPMs foi de 54,4%. Dos fatores avaliados, ter o diagnóstico médico de alguma patologia foi significativo para DPMs. Conclusão: A alta prevalência de DPMs evidencia a necessidade de acompanhamento e de planejamento de estratégias de prevenção do sofrimento psíquico nessa população.
Representações sociais de mulheres migrantes da mesma família e de diferentes gerações sobre amamentação
Authors: Moreira Michelle Araújo , Ribeiro Polliana Santos , Ramos Jéssica Suellen Barbosa Mendes , Dias Marcella Bonifácio Lelles , Castro Juliana Oliveira
Published: December 2017

Objetivo: analisar as representações sociais de mulheres migrantes da mesma família e de diferentes gerações sobre amamentação. Método: estudo qualitativo fundamentado na Teoria das Representações Sociais, realizado no município de Ilhéus-Ba, entre março e maio de 2016. Os dados foram obtidos pelo Teste de Associação Livre de Palavras (TALP) com 21 tríades selecionadas na modalidade Snowball, sendo analisados pelo software Ensemble de Programmes Permettant L’analyse des Évocations (EVOC). Resultados: para as migrantes, a amamentação é representada como uma prática de nutrição que contribui para o desenvolvimento físico e afetivo do filho. O processo de ensino-aprendizagem centra-se na figura materna e a rede de apoio é simbolizada pela avó, mas ampliada aos pais e maridos. Conclusões: torna-se necessário compreender as dimensões geográficas, culturais e sociais da amamentação no intuito de oferecer uma assistência qualificada e humanizada às migrantes.
Reverse Osmosis for Direct Potable Reuse in California
Authors: Bernados Brian
Published: December 2017

EXISTING REGULATIONS ARE BEING USED AS A BASELINE IN CONSIDERING DIRECT POTABLE REUSE (DPR) PROJECTS, AND FOR DEFINING MINIMUM CRITERIA THAT RO MEMBRANES MUST MEET TO BE ACCEPTABLE FOR DPR.
Private Sector Financing: A Review of Service Delivery Models in Eight Communities
Authors: Hughes Jeff , Herndon Lexi Kay
Published: December 2017

A STUDY OF PRIVATE FINANCING MODELS IN THE WATER INDUSTRY EXAMINES VARIATIONS IN IMPLEMENTATION AND DESIGN AND WHETHER OUTCOMES DIFFER FROM INITIAL EXPECTATIONS.
Creativity as predictor of mathematical abilities in fourth graders in addition to number sense and working memory
Authors: Kroesbergen Evelyn H. , Schoevers Eveline M.
Published: December 2017

In this study, it was investigated how domain-specific (number sense) and domain-general (working memory, creativity) factors explain the variance in mathematical abilities in primary school children. A total of 166 children aged 8 to 10 years old participated. Several tests to measure math ability, mathematical creativity, number sense, verbal and visual spatial working memory and creativity were administered. Data were analyzed with a series of correlation and regression analyses. Number sense, working memory and creativity were all found to be important predictors of academic and creative mathematical ability. Furthermore, groups with math learning disabilities (MLD) and mathematical giftedness (MG) were compared to a typically developing (TD) group. The results show that the MLD group scored lower on number line estimation and visual spatial working memory than the TD group, while the MG group differed from the TD group on visual spatial working memory and creativity. It is concluded that creativity plays a significant role in mathematics, above working memory and number sense.
Artropoda predator penghuni ekosistem persawahan di daerah cianjur, jawa barat
Authors: Herlinda Siti , Rauf Aunu , Sosromarsono Soemartono , Kartosuwondo Utomo , Hidayat Purnama , Siswandi Siswandi
Published: December 2017

Predatory arthropods inhabiting paddy rice ecosystems in Cianjur District, West Java. Predatory arthropods were surveyed in Cianjur District, West Java from July to November 1997, with objectives to observe the species of predatory arthropods inhabiting the ecosystems. Canopy-inhabiting and soil-dwelling arthropods were sampled using D-vac and pitfall traps, respectively. Results indicated that insecta and Arachnida were the most abundant predators in the ecosystem, with the total of 142 species. Predatory insects were dominated by Carabidae (27 species), and Staphylinidae (13 species) and spiders were dominated by Therididae (9 species), and Lycosidae (8 species). Thus, predatory-arthropods inhabiting the sawah ecosystems were very diverse.
Resistensi populasai hama bawang merah Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) terhadap klorfluazuron
Authors: Negara Abdi
Published: December 2017

Resistance of Onion Pest Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Populations to Chlorfluazuron. The research was conducted from August 2001 until April 2002 in the Kalitiro Agriculture Training and Development Research Station, Gadjah Mada University. The objective of research was to determine the resistance level of Spodoptera exigua populations collected from the district of Sanden, Kretek, Wates, Temon, Panjatan, Wonosari, Panggang and Playen (all are in Yogyakarta Province) to chlorfluazuron insecticide. Research was conducted by dipping artificial diet about 30 seconds in insecticide solution and there are used test two hours after they were air dried. Based on the preliminary test, different concentrations were tested to determine the toxicity of the insecticide to each population. Third instar larvae (five days old) of the first generation were used in bioassays. Each larvae with its artificial diet was placed in a plastic cup (diameter 3,5 cm). Larval mortality was recorded at 72 hours after exposure. Data was analyzed using probit analysis to determine LC50 values. The result showed that the LC50 values of chlorfluazuron againsts eight population of S. exigua at 72 hours after exposure varied from 16,10 ppm (Panggang) to 84,76 ppm (Panjatan). The results suggested that all populations from Panggang, Playen, Kretek, Sanden, Wates, Wonosari and Temon were still susceptible to chlorfluazuron. Population from Panjatan indicated to be resistant to chlorfluazuron.
Penghambatan aktivitas peneluran kumbang kacang hijau Callosobruchus Chinensis L. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) oleh extrak sepuluh spesies tumbuhan
Authors: Dadang Dadang , Undayasari U.
Published: December 2017

Oviposition Deterrence of Bean Weevil, Callosobruchus chinensis L.(Coleoptera: Bruchidae) Treated with Ten Plant Extracts. Pest and Diseases attack agricultural products not only in the field but also in storehouse. Their attack causes decreasing both quantity and quality of stored materials. One of important stored product insect pests is Callosobruchus chinensis L. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). Till now the effective strategy to control this insect pest is chemical control by using synthetic insecticides. The improper use synthetic insecticides causes some undesirable effects, so alternative strategist should be searched to controls insect pests in storehouse. One of the alternatives is by using plant materials as insect pests control agent. The aim of this study was to find out the oviposition deterrence of C. chinensis treated with ten plant which were extracted with methanol, hexane and ether. Oviposition deterrence was evaluated by choice and no-choice methods at 1,3 and 5% of extract concentration. Extract of Acorus calamus (methanol), A.calamus (hexane), A. calamus (ether), Illicium verum (ether), Pogostemon calbin (hexane), P. cablin (ether), Vetiveria zizanioides (hexane), and V. zizanioides (ether) were able to deter ovipostion activity of C. chinensis by more than 90% of deterrence. Further study should be conducted to isolate and identify the active compound and to make botanical insecticide formulation for practical use as a commercial product.
Pengaruh Bacillus Thuringiensis terhadap penggerek batang jagung Ostrinia Furnacalis (Lep. Pyralidae)
Authors: Harnoto Harnoto
Published: December 2017

The effect of Bacillus thuringiensis to the mortality of corn stemborer Ostrinia furnacalis (Lep. Pyralidae). The study was conducted at the laboratory of Bogor Research Institute for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources during 2005. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the dosages of Bacillus. thuringiensis var. aizawai and var. Kurstaki on the mortalities of larvae of corn stemborer Ostrinia furnacalis. Completely randomize design was used with seven treatments. Each treatment was repeated four time with ten larvae per replication. The treatments were three formulation dosages of B. thuringiensis var. aizawai, i.e. 0,5; 1,0; and 2,0 g/l, thee formulation dosages of B. thuringiensis var. Kurstaki, i.e. 0,5; 1,0; and 2,0 g/l, and untreated control. Second instar larvae of O. furnacalis was used in this study. B. thuringiensis was contaminated to the surface of artificial diet with a small paint brush. The result showed that B. thuringiensis var. kurstaki at the dose rate of 1,0 g/l was toxic to the test insect while B. thuringiensis var. aizawai at the dose rate of 2,0 g/l was toxic to the test insect B. thuringiensis var. kurstaki was more toxic than  B. thuringiensis var. aizawai to the corn stemborer.
Pengaruh samping aplikasi deltametrin terhadap Artropoda predator penghuni permukaan tanah di pertanaman kedelai
Authors: Winasa I Wayan , Rauf Aunu
Published: December 2017

Side Effects of Deltamethrin Application to The Ground Surface Dwelling Predatory Arthropods on Soybean Field. Side effects of deltamethrin to the ground surface dwelling predatory arthropods were studied on soybean field in Cianjur during July to October 1998. Insecticide was applied 1-4 times. Predator abundance was observed by setting pitfall traps. The results showed that application of deltamethrin reduced the abundance of ground-surface predatory arthropods, especially lycosid and linyphiid spiders, carabid beetle and formicid. Reductions of predator abundance on the plots treated with deltamethrin were around 35% to 41%. There was no significant difference on the predator abundance among the plots treated with the insecticide at difference frequencies. Observations after application showed that predator abundance on the treated plots recovered one week after application. Deltamethrin application to the soybean with dense crown (38 and 52 days after planting) did not reduce predator abundance, especially within three day range after application. However, negative effects of deltamethrin application at early vegetative growth stage (10 days after planting) on the reduction of predator abundance continued by harvesting. The abundance of detritivorous arthropods was not affected by deltamethrin application.
Peran Brush Border Membrane Vesicle (BBMV) dalam proses infeksi Baculovirus
Authors: Wijonarko Arman
Published: December 2017

The Role of Brush Border Membrane Vesicle (BBMV) in The Baculovirus Infection. Although baculovirus becoming recognized as potential important agents for control pests, there are several important obstacles for commercial use insecticide. One important obstacle is their narrow host. The other obstacle is due to its development resistance, the phenomenon whereby host larvae become progressively more resistant to fatal infection as they age within and among instars. From practical stand point, this phenomenon impacts the effectiveness of baculovirus control programs against agricultural and forest insect pests that is necessary to adjust application levels in the response to the demography of the target insect population. Purified columnar cells derived from midgut of armyworm Pseudaletia separata was used for fusion assay and observed by means of fluorescence assay based on self-quenching of octadecylrhodamine B chloride (R18). Confocal microscopy of the columnar cells that had been combined with labeled virus showed that the fluorescence appeared on the apical part in the brush border membrane, this indicated that there was fusion between virus and the cells. Two dimensional SDS-PAGE and immunobloting assay confirmed that the receptor exist within the columnar cells.
Pengaruh temephos terhadap perolehan telur nyamuk Aedes aegypti (L) di cipinang muara jakarta
Authors: Hasyimi Mochammad , Suwarto Suwarto , Waluyo Waluyo , Mardiana Mardiana , Suyitno Suyitno , Sukijo Sukijo , Supriyono Supriyono
Published: December 2017

A study on the effect of abaticidal ovitrap on Aedes aegypti egg findings was carried out in Cipinang Muara, East Jakarta from October 1997 until January 1998. Twenty five houses were designed as treatment objects. Ovitrap were sit indoor and outdoor in each house. Seventy five houses were used as buffer. People in this area were trained on how to set up and to manage their ovitrap. Control area in the same "Rukun Warga (RW)" was selected and treated with the same way. The result has shown that egg number from the treated area has significantly reduced and less than the egg number in the control area. The mean the number of eggs found in the first year was 20.8 eggs, while in the second year was 38.8 eggs. The average ovitrap index (01) in the first year was 38.8 'Yo, while in the second year was 49.4 %. Abate did not affect the activity of oviposition and the number oflaid eggs.
Aktivitas residu protein Cry1Ac Pada lahan yang ditanami kapas transgenik-Bt di Bajeng dan Soppeng, Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Hidayat Purnama , Prijono Djoko
Published: December 2017

Soil samples were collected from each plot at the two field sites at 0, 1, 3, and 5 months after planting, and at one-month intervals after harvest for three months. Soil suspension from each sample was mixed with agar based diet (1 g soil/20 ml soil-diet mixture) then was presented to neonate larvae of H. armigera. Two reference standards were used, i.e. pure Cry1Ac protein (0.165 x 104 to 1.436 x 105 ng per ml of the proteindiet mixture) and non-Bt-soil spiked with Cry1Ac protein (0.11 x 104 to 9.573 x 104 ng per ml of the soil-diet-mixture). Larval mortality was recorded at 7 days of treatment. In both reference standards, mortality of H. armigera larvae occurred in a concentrationdependent fashion, i.e. larval mortality increased with the increase in Cry1Ac protein concentration, with LC50 of 0.95 x 104 and 1.65 x 104 ng/ml, respectively, for the pure protein and spiked non-Bt-soil standards. Result of the bioassay of soil samples from the field sites showed the residues from both transgenic cotton soils did not cause any mortality (0%) in the test insects. This indicates that the concentrations of Cry1Ac residue in soil at the study sites were very low (in the second standard, Cry1Ac at a concentration of 0.33 x 104 ng/ml caused about 10% larval mortality).
Dampak non-target dari pengendalian hayati spesies asing terhadap ekosistem
Authors: Buchori Damayanti
Published: December 2017

Non target impact of classical biological control of exotic species in the ecosystem. Classical biological control has been hailed as a successful control method of many exotic species of pests. However, recently this method of control has been questioned due to several cases of non target impact. Non target impact can occur two ways, i.e. direct non target impact when there is a host shift of the bioagents (e.g. changes in preferences), and the indirect non target impact which can occur through, among others, food web subsides that will change the overall interactions of many species within an ecosystem. The aim of this paper is to understand the interactions between introduced exotic agents (e.g. insects) toward local diversity, e.g. what are the implications of the interactions toward local biodiversity? Are there non target and indirect impacts of these introductions in Indonesia? The discussions covers the concept of biological control and conservation issues that should be taken into consideration, particularly in the context of insect conservation and impacts of classical biological control on island diversity.
Tingkat kesukaan lebah madu Apis Mellifera L. terhadap pakan tambahan campuran madu mengkudu
Authors: Budiaman Budiaman , Putranto B.
Published: December 2017

Feeding supplementary food containing nony fruit juice was tested on honeybee colonies in honey producing . The aims of this research were (1) to determine the preference level of honeybees to the supplementary food containing honey and nony mixture, (2) to identify the organoleptic properties of the produced honeyessence of nony, (3) to determine fiber content of produced honey-essence of nony, and (4) to identify the colours of honey produced. The design used in the experiment was Latin Square Design. There were four treatments namely each concentration : A (0%) as control, B (12,5%), C (25%) dan D (37,5%) in dilution of supplementary food an amount of 600 grams wich consist of nony fruit juice and water. Each composition of dilution were A (300, 0, 300), B (225, 75, 300), C (150, 150, 300) dan D (75, 225, 300) . Every one replication was done for six days with six day interval. The result were as follows: The higher concentration of nony juice in the food suplement the smaller food were taken. The differences in the olour, the flavour and the taste of the artificial honey didn’ depend on the amount of the food suplement taken honey bees, but depend on nony fruits juice concentration in the honey produced. The higher concentration of nony fruit juice in the artificial honey produced the darken in colour, sour in taste and the weaken in flavour. Feeding with food suplement containing nony juice increases the fiber content in the honey.
Struktur Komunitas Hymenoptera Parasitoid Pada Berbagai Lanskap Pertanian Di Sumatra Barat
Authors: Yaherwandi Yaherwandi
Published: December 2017

Understanding how the landscape structure affect the interaction between crops, pests and their natural enemies is a complex problem that can significantly impact on the success or failure of insect biological control. Hymenoptera parasitoids are particularly important natural enemies because of their great diversity and effectiveness as agents of biological control. The objective of this research is to study the diversity of Hymenoptera parasitoid on some vegetables and rice ecosystem in West Sumatera. Hymenoptera parasitoids were sampled using three trapping techniques (farmcop, insect net and yellow pan trap). Species accumulative curves, Jackknife-1 estimator, and indices of diversity were applied to analyze the data. Results indicated that there were 1522 specimen consist of 22 families and 148 species of Hymenoptera parasitoid on agricultural ecosystem in west Sumatera. Braconidae and Ichneumonidae were dominant Hymenoptera parasitoid family in vegetables ecosystem. Contrast, Mymaridae, Diapriidae, and Eulophidae were dominance of Hymenoptera parasitoid famili in rice ecosystem. Diversity of Hymenoptera parasitoid was influenced by the landscape structure. Species richness and diversity were higher in polyculture ecosystem than monoculture.
Pengujian Bahan Formulasi MsNPV ( Mythimna separata Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus) terhadap Ulat Grayak Padi, Mythimna separata Walker di Lapangan
Authors: Trisnaningsih Trisnaningsih , Kartohardjono Arifin
Published: December 2017

The objective of these studies were to observe efficiency material formulations of MsNPV and the influence to rice plantation on different locations (Indramayu (3 m above sea level), Sukabumi (400m above sea level) and Bogor (250 m above sea level) to larvae of rice army worm. This study used randomized block design with 4 treatments consisted of 3 formulation materials (talc, kaolin and gypsum) and control in five replications. Observations were done to life and death larvae on 5, 10, 15 days after inoculation and leaf damaged. Data were analysed with DMRT. Results from this study indicated that material talc formulation was more effective because all the material was dissolve as compare to material kaolin and gypsum formulations while the material were precipitated. Utilize these three material formulations on three different locations above sea level gave the same impact to the mortality army worm larvae and also to the plant damage.
Hubungan Iklim, Kepadatan Nyamuk Anopheles dan Kejadian Penyakit Malaria
Authors: SUWITO SUWITO , HADI UPIK K , SIGIT SINGGIH H , SUKOWATI SUPRATMAN
Published: December 2017

Districts of South Lampung and Pesawaran are malaria endemic areas. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between climate, Anopheles density and malaria incidence. Mosquito collections were caught by human landing collection all night 06:00 PM-06:00 AM. The relation of climate with Anopheles density and Anopheles density with malaria incidence were analysed by Pearson Product Moment test. The Anopheles bite all night, peaks with 02:00-04:00 AM, outdoor bitings were more frequent than indoor biting. There were relationships between relative humidity and rain fall with Anopheles density, and Anopheles density with malaria incidence one month later.
Preferensi Kecoa Amerika Periplaneta americana (L.) (Blattaria: Blattidae) terhadap Berbagai Kombinasi Umpan
Authors: AMALIA HERMA , HARAHAP IDHAM SAKTI
Published: December 2017

Currently, most cockroach control in urban environment relies on bait application. Aversion of some commercial bait by cockroach cause failure to control cockroach problems. Developing local bait can improve this situation. This research was aimed to find proper combination of some cockroach diet to be formulated in effective bait. Research was conducted in Department of Plant Protection, Bogor Agricultural University, since November 2007-March 2008. Combination of peanut butter, chicken egg, and strawberry jam seem to be a candidate of effective bait for local cockroach.
Dinamika Populasi Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Homoptera: Psyllidae) dan Deteksi CVPD dengan Teknik PCR
Authors: WIJAYA I NYOMAN , ADIARTAYASA WAYAN , SRITAMIN MADE , YULIADHI KETUT AYU
Published: December 2017

The research was conducted in the field of Taro village Gianyar regency and Katung village Bangli regency and at the Laboratory of Biotechnology Faculty of Agricultural Udayana University. The purpose of the research were to investigate population dynamic of Diaphorina citri Kuwayama and other insects that were assosiated with citrus cv. siam; and molecular detection of CVPD patogen in its vector, other phytophagous insects on citrus cv.siam and kemuning [Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack.] The result of this study showed that in six month period there was one peak of D. citri population which was associated with the flushing period of citrus at Taro as well Katung villages. The peak of D. citri population of Taro village was higher than that of Katung village. Two species of parasitoids and four spesies of predators were found in the field and may contribute in the suppression of D. citri population. The parasitoids identified were Tamarixia radiata Wat. and Diaphorencyrtus alligharensi Shaffe, whereas the predators were Curinus coeruleus Mulsant, Phiddipus sp., Menochilus sexmaculatus Fabricius and Oxyopes javanus Thorell. T. radiata has been proven to be an effective nymph parasitoid that could suppress the population development of D. citri in citrus orchads. The research revealed that kemuning could serve as a source of infection because it is also a host of CVPD disease as well as of D. citri. Toxoptera citricidus Kirkaldy and Maleuterpes dentipes Hell. were not proven to contain CVPD disease.
Developing Cotton IPM by Conserving Parasitoids and Predators of The Main Pest
Authors: Nurindah Nurindah , Sunarto Dwi Adi
Published: December 2017

On early development of intensive cotton program, insect pests were considered as an important aspect in cotton cultivation, so that it needed to be scheduled sprays. The frequency of sprays was 7 times used 12L of chemical insecticides per hectare per season. Development of cotton IPM was emphasized on non-chemical control methods through optimally utilize natural enemies of the cotton main pests (Amrasca biguttulla (Ishida)Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)). Conservation of parasitoids and predators by providing the environment that support their population development is an act of supporting the natural enemies as an effective biotic mortality factor of the insect pests. The conservation could be done by improving the plant matter and cultivation techniques that include the use of resistant variety to leafhopper, intercropping cotton with secondary food plants, mulch utilization, using action threshold that considered the presence of natural enemies, and application of botanical insecticides, if needed. Conservation of parasitoids and predators in cotton IPM could control the insect pests without any insecticide spray in obtaining the production of cotton seed. As such, the use of IPM method would increase farmers’ income.
Predation of Five Generalist Predators on Brown Planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål)
Authors: Karindah Sri
Published: December 2017

Two generalist predators of brown planthopper,Metioche vittaticollis and Anaxipha longipennis (Gryllidae) have not been much studied in Indonesia. This research was conducted to study and compare the predatory ability of M. vittaticollis, A. longipennis (Gryllidae) and three coleopterans, Paederus fuscipes (Staphylinidae), Ophionea sp. (Carabidae),and Micraspis sp. (Coccinellidae) against brown planthopper (fourth and fifth instars) under laboratory condition. In total, 20 nymphs of N. lugens were exposed for 2 hour to each predator for 5 consecutive days. Prey consumptions by the predatory crickets, M. vittaticollis and A. longipennis were greater than the other predators and followed by A. longipennis, Micraspis sp., P. fuscipes, and Ophionea sp. respectively. Consumption rates of M. vittaticolis and A. longipenis were also higher than other predators. Micraspis sp was more active on predation in the morning,while M. vittaticollis, A. longipennis, P. fuscipes, and Ophionea sp. were more active both in the morning and the night but not in the afternoon. However, all five species of predators were not so active in preying during the afternoon. In conclusion, a major effort should be extended to conserve these predatory crickets especially M. vittaticollis and A. longipennis.
SYNTHESIS OF 1,5-DIPHENYL-3-ARYLVERDAZILS
Authors: Tsebulayeva Yuliya V. , Pryanichnikova Margarita K. , Tanaseichuk Boris S.
Published: December 2017

The reaction between verdazyls and CH-acids was studied for checking common views on the stable radicals reactivity which is usually associated with the spin density values of the reaction centers and its alterations due to the influence of substituents. The synthesis of row l,5-diphenyl-3-arylverdazyls that contains the different types of substituents in the phenyl rings that are situated at C3 verdazyl radical atom was carried out for this purpose. This also includes the previously non-described 1,5-diphenyl-3-(4-hydroxyl)phenyl-, 1,5-diphenyl-3-(4-bromo)phenyl-, 1,5-diphenyl-3-(3- nitro)phenylverdazyls. In this case, the availability and nature of the substituents in the phenyl rings at C3 verdazyl radical atom may not be affected by the change in the spin density values on the N2 and N4 nitrogen atoms that are verdazyl radicals’ reaction centers. The synthesis of verzdazyls was carried out according to the conventional scheme, on the basis of arylhydrazones. It was observed that during azocoupling reacting of phenyldiazonium chloride with arylhydrazones in the synthesis of formazans the reaction proceeds with a higher yield when the solvent dimethylformamide-pyridine is being used. Transformation of formazans into verdazyl radicals was being carried out at room temperature with formaldehyde exposured to formazan in the presence of potassium hydrogen sulfate under the constant air going through the reactor feed. The availability of substituents in the phenyl ring at C3 formazan atom was increasing reaction time significantly in comparison with 1,3,5- trifenylformazan regardless of the substituent’s nature at C3 formazan atom. During the reaction between 1,5-diphenyl-3-arilverdazyls and CH-acids (acetylacetone and dimedone), it was discovered that the reaction rate depends on both the acidity of the CH-acid (dimedone reacts faster than acetylacetone) and the nature of the substituents situated in phenyl ring at C3 verdazyl atom. At the same time, the electron-donating substituents increase the rate of reaction between verdazyls and CH-acids while electron-donor substituents decrease it. Therefore, as it was formerly reported, when we deal with monochloroacetic acid, the rate of a reaction between verdazyl radicals and CH-acids is increasing in front of the electron-donor substituents and decreasing in front of electron-acceptor substituents. These regularities are not connected with the spin density values of the verdazyls’ reaction centers.Forcitation:Tsebulayeva Yu.V., Pryanichnikova M.K., Tanaseichuk B.S. Synthesis of 1,5-diphenyl-3-arylverdazils. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2018. V. 61. N 1. P. 23-29
EQUILIBRIUM OF ION-EXCHANGE EXTRACTION OF COPPER-ORGANIC COMPLEXES FROM RINSING WATER
Authors: Burminova Victoria S. , Nistratov Alexey V. , Klushin Vitaly N.
Published: December 2017

The complexes of copper with sodium tartrate, Trilon B and citric acid, present for example in rinsing water of galvanic industry, because of their resistance they are a challenge to extract by chemical methods, while their emission rezults in environmental and economic damages. Proposed for their extraction ion exchange was carried out with anion-exchange resins Purofine PFA600, AV-17-8 of gel type and Purolite A500, ChFO of macroporous type. At purifying of initial solutions with copper concentration of 10 mg/l under static conditions according to atomic absorption spectrometry the degree of purification 95.4-99.9% was found for all ion-exchangers. The study of equilibrium of ion exchange of named complexes from solutions with copper concentration of 10-100 mg/l by various ion exchangers has identified different types of isotherms, mostly approximated by the Langmuir and Freundlich models, and calculated parameters provide comparison of selectivity and static exchange capacity of the absorbents. Calculated limiting capacity of the macroporous ion-exchanger is reduced in row of ligands: sodium tartrate > Trilon B > citric acid; it is maximal for copper-tartrate complex for Purofine PFA600. Considering the regeneration ability studied ion-exchangers are promising for deep extraction of copper-organic complexes from dilute solutions, but need determination of dynamic and kinetic characteristics of this process.Forcitation:Burminova V.S., Nistratov A.V., Klushin V.N. Equilibrium of ion-exchange extraction of copper-organic complexes from rinsing water. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2018. V. 61. N 1. P. 96-101
STABILITY CONSTANTS OF L-ASPARAGINE AND L-LEUCINE COMPLEXES WITH SOME LANTHANIDE IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS AT 298.15 K
Authors: Lytkin Alexandr I. , Chernyavskaya Natalya V. , Smirnova Darya K.
Published: December 2017

Lanthanides have a high affinity toward ligands containing donor oxygen atoms, especially amino acids and complexons. The study of the processes of complexation of amino acids with f-element cations provides valuable information for solving problems of supramolecular chemistry, molecular recognition and chiral sensitivity of biological substrates. As a rule, f-elements are not components of biopolymers, but they are spectral label probes, which are important in the bioinorganic chemistry of metals. Quantitative estimation of the stability of complexes is necessary, first of all, to search for an internal connection between the constants themselves and then to find correlations between the stability of complexes and the properties of the complexing agent, the ligand, and the system as a whole. Such correlation dependencies make it possible to calculate a priori, or at least estimate the stability constants of new complexes, and also to better understand the influence of the nature of the chemical bond and the properties of the system as a whole on the formation and stability of complex compounds. In the present work, the complexation of neodymium, lanthanum with L-asparaginat ion and samarium, cerium with L-leucinat ion at 298.15 K and ionic strength values of 0.5 mol/l was studied by potentiometric titration and the stability constants of the complexes formed were determined. The values of the stability constants found allow us to perform rigorous thermodynamic calculations of the equilibria of these amino acids in salt solutions. The data obtained, in particular, can be used to reliably interpret the results of calorimetric studies of the complexation of lanthanides with the participation of the studied amino acids.Forcitation:Lytkin A.I., Chernyavskaya N.V., Smirnova D.K. Stability constants of L-asparagine and L-leucine complexes with some lanthanide in aqueous solutions at 298.15 K. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2018. V. 61. N 1. P. 37-41