bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of nintedanib in a Greek multicentre idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis registry: a retrospective, observational, cohort study
Authors: Antoniou Katerina , Markopoulou Katerina , Tzouvelekis Argyrios , Trachalaki Athina , Vasarmidi Eirini , Organtzis Jiannis , Tzilas Vasilios , Bouros Evangelos , Kounti Georgia , Rampiadou Christina , Kotoulas Serafeim-Chrysovalantis , Bardaka Fotini , Bibaki Eleni , Fouka Evangelia , Meletis Georgios , Tryfon Stavros , Daniil Zoe , Papakosta Despina , Bouros Demosthenes
Published: January 2020

Nintedanib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). In a retrospective, real-world study across seven Greek hospitals, we evaluated the effectiveness and safety of nintedanib in routine clinical practice. Patients diagnosed with IPF, as per guideline criteria or multidisciplinary diagnosis, received nintedanib between January 2013 and January 2018.

We evaluated 244 patients: mean±sdage 71.8±7.5 years, 79.1% male, 45.1% current smokers and 33.1% ex-smokers at treatment initiation. At baseline, predicted forced vital capacity (FVC) was 73.3±20.7% and predicted diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO) was 42.6±16.7%. On average, patients spent 23.6±15.0 months on nintedanib. At 3 years, 78 patients had died, equating to a 3-year survival rate of 59.4% (unaffected by treatment discontinuation or dose reduction). FVC% pred andDLCO% pred were largely stable at 3 years, with no significant difference from baseline (FVC 73.3±20.7% predversus78±20.1% pred, p=0.074;DLCO42.6±16.7% predversus40.4±18.1% pred, p=0.334). Of the 244 patients, 55.7% reported an adverse event. Gastrointestinal events were the most common (173 (77.2%) out of 224 total events) and 45.0% of patients experienced diarrhoea. Only 32 (13.1%) patients had to permanently discontinue nintedanib due to an adverse event.

This real-world study shows a 3-year survival rate of 59.4% and a low discontinuation rate due to adverse events. Our experience is consistent with previous findings in clinical trials of nintedanib in IPF.
Dupilumab improves lung function in patients with uncontrolled, moderate-to-severe asthma
Authors: Castro Mario , Rabe Klaus F. , Corren Jonathan , Pavord Ian D. , Katelaris Constance H. , Tohda Yuji , Zhang Bingzhi , Rice Megan S. , Maroni Jaman , Rowe Paul , Pirozzi Gianluca , Amin Nikhil , Ruddy Marcella , Akinlade Bolanle , Graham Neil M.H. , Teper Ariel
Published: January 2020

Background

Dupilumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody, blocks the shared receptor component for interleukin-4 and interleukin-13, key drivers of type 2 inflammation. In the phase 3 LIBERTY ASTHMA QUEST trial (NCT02414854) in patients with uncontrolled, moderate-to-severe asthma, add-on dupilumab 200 mg or 300 mg every 2 weeks reduced exacerbations and improved forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and quality of life over 52 weeks. This analysis evaluates dupilimab's effect on lung function in the overall population, and subgroups with baseline elevated type 2 inflammatory biomarkers.

Methods

Patients were randomised to 52 weeks of subcutaneous dupilumab 200 mg every 2 weeks, 300 mg every 2 weeks, or matched-volume placebos. Lung function outcomes were analysed in the overall population, in patients with ≥150 eosinophils·µL−1, ≥300 eosinophils·µL−1, ≥25 ppb fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), and both ≥150 eosinophils·µL−1and ≥25 ppbFeNO, at baseline.

Results

Dupilumab treatment (200 mg and 300 mg every 2 weeks) resulted in significant improvementsversusplacebo after 52 weeks in pre-bronchodilator FEV1(0.20 and 0.13 L, respectively,versusplacebo) and post-bronchodilator FEV1(0.19 and 0.13 L, respectively), forced vital capacity (FVC) (0.20 and 0.14 L, respectively), forced expiratory flow (0.19 and 0.13 L·s−1, respectively) and pre-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio (1.75% and 1.61%, respectively) in the overall population (p<0.001). Differenceversusplacebo in post-bronchodilator FEV1slope of change (weeks 4–52) was significant (0.04 L·year−1; p<0.05). Greater improvements were achieved in patients with elevated baseline blood eosinophil and/orFeNOlevels for most outcomes.

Conclusions

Dupilumab improves lung function outcomes, including large and small airway measurements and fixed airway obstruction, in patients with uncontrolled, moderate-to-severe asthma; particularly in patients with elevated biomarkers of type 2 inflammation.
Correction to: Genome-wide assessment of DNA methylation in mouse oocytes reveals effects associated with in vitro growth, superovulation, and sexual maturity
Authors: Saenz-de-Juano Maria Desemparats , Ivanova Elena , Billooye Katy , Herta Anamaria-Cristina , Smitz Johan , Kelsey Gavin , Anckaert Ellen
Published: January 2020

After publication of the original article [1], we were notified that.
A study of “The Portrait of F.P. Makerovsky in a Masquerade Costume” by Dmitry Levitsky from the collection of the State Tretyakov Gallery
Authors: Simonenko Nikolay P. , Solovey Valentin R. , Shumikhin Kirill V. , Lizunova Anna A. , Lisovskii Stepan V. , Liubavskaya Elena A. , Seregina Tatyana V. , Basova Irina G. , Dyakonova Yulia B. , Simonenko Tatiana L. , Simonenko Elizaveta P. , Volkov Ivan A. , Khalturin Yulian A. , Ivanov Viktor V.
Published: January 2020

This paper reports on activities carried out as part of a pre-conservation studies of the painting by Dmitry Levitsky, “The Portrait of F.P. Makerovsky in a Masquerade Costume” (1789, the State Tretyakov Gallery). Samples were taken and prepared for further study within the following algorithm. Using optical microscopy of cross-sections of the samples taken, structural elements of layered compositions were revealed and external differences between them were established. X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy was used to evaluate the elemental composition of the painting surface and cross-sections of samples. Scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy was used to clarify the elemental composition of each of the structural elements of the samples taken, their submicro- and microdimensional inclusions, to map the distribution of chemical elements over the studied surface, and to determine the dispersion of organic and inorganic components contained in the material. Micro-FTIR was used to identify functional groups and to determine the main classes of inorganic compounds, as well as binders, used, including in the local analysis of micro-inclusions. The list of specific chemical compounds in the composition of the studied paint layers and grounds, which included an examination of the varnish coating, was determined with micro-Raman spectroscopy using data obtained by the above methods. As a result of the study, complementary information was obtained on the chemical composition of the inorganic components used, of the binder and of the varnish coating, which is required for further conservation of this work of art.
Effect of different mycobionts on symbiotic germination and seedling growth of Dendrobium officinale, an important medicinal orchid
Authors: Zhang Ying , Li Yuan-Yuan , Chen Xiao-Mei , Guo Shun-Xing , Lee Yung-I
Published: January 2020

Background

Orchids maintain a symbiotic relationship with mycorrhizal fungi in the lifecycle. Previous reports indicated that diverse mycobionts may have different roles during orchid growth and development. Although various mycorrhizal fungi have been isolated fromDendrobiumroots and protocorms, little is known about their specific effects on seed germination and seedling growth. To understand the specific role of isolated fungal strains (i.e.,TulasnellaandSebacina), we used symbiotic culture to compare the effect of 6 fungal strains on seed germination and seedling growth ofDendrobium officinale, an important Chinese medicinal orchid.

Results

In symbiotic germination tests, 6 fungal strains (4Tulasnellastrains and 2Sebacinastrains) promoted seed germination with different efficiencies. Seeds inoculated withTulasnellastrains S6 and S7 conferred higher germination percentage and faster protocorm development than other fungal strains. In symbiotic cultures, seedlings inoculated withSebacinastrain S3 had optimal fresh and dry matter yield. Also,Tulasnellastrains S6 and S7 promoted seedling growth with good fresh and dry matter yield.Sebacinastrain S2 inoculation greatly enhanced root and tiller production and the content of total crude polysaccharides, although seedlings were smaller with less fresh and dry matter yield than other seedlings.

Conclusions

TulasnellaandSebacinastrains could promote seed germination and seedling growth ofD. officinalewith different efficiencies. Our results suggest a non-specific mycorrhizal association and development-dependent preference. Our data provide the basic knowledge for use of different fungal strains in conservation and/or production practices ofD. officinale.
mpfit: a robust method for fitting atomic resolution images with multiple Gaussian peaks
Authors: Mukherjee Debangshu , Miao Leixin , Stone Greg , Alem Nasim
Published: January 2020

The standard technique for sub-pixel estimation of atom positions from atomic resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy images relies on fitting intensity maxima or minima with a two-dimensional Gaussian function. While this is a widespread method of measurement, it can be error prone in images with non-zero aberrations, strong intensity differences between adjacent atoms or in situations where the neighboring atom positions approach the resolution limit of the microscope. Here we demonstrate mpfit, an atom finding algorithm that iteratively calculates a series of overlapping two-dimensional Gaussian functions to fit the experimental dataset and then subsequently uses a subset of the calculated Gaussian functions to perform sub-pixel refinement of atom positions. Based on both simulated and experimental datasets presented in this work, this approach gives lower errors when compared to the commonly used single Gaussian peak fitting approach and demonstrates increased robustness over a wider range of experimental conditions.
High risk plaque criteria by multislice coronary CT angiography in patients with stable vs. unstable coronary artery disease: analytic cross-sectional study
Authors: Oraby Asmaa Safa , Alarabawy Reda Abdelsamie , Abd Alla Taymour Mostafa , Dawoud Mohammed Mahmoud
Published: January 2020

Background

Coronary atherosclerotic plaques susceptible to rupture have distinct morphology in comparison to the stable one. Those with high lipid core overlied by fibrous cap are considered to be the most vulnerable one triggering thrombosis and acute coronary syndrome. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of 320-row multidetector CT as a non-invasive imaging modality for detection of high-risk plaque criteria via semi-automated quantitative coronary plaque analysis.

Results

Fifty-eight atherosclerotic plaques were evaluated by multislice coronary CT angiography; 36 lesions were detected at unstable patient group and 22 lesions were detected at stable patient group. Non-calcified plaques were more prevalent at unstable patient group, whereas calcified lesions were more prevalent at stable patient group. There was strong correlation between plaque characteristics and clinical presentation represented by OR and 95% CI (NRS; OR 11.870 and 95% CI was 2.65–53.08, LAP; OR was 6.015 and 95% CI was 2.56–14.12). So, NRS and LAP are considered to be high-risk plaque criteria.

Conclusion

Multislice coronary CT angiography could non-invasively detect high-risk plaque criteria. NRS and LAP < 60 are considered to be high-risk plaque criteria suggesting their integration into coronary risk stratification, as well as an intensification of preventive measures.
D-Index–Guided Early Antifungal Therapy Versus Empiric Antifungal Therapy for Persistent Febrile Neutropenia: A Randomized Controlled Noninferiority Trial
Authors: Kanda Yoshinobu , Kimura Shun-ichi , Iino Masaki , Fukuda Takahiro , Sakaida Emiko , Oyake Tatsuo , Yamaguchi Hiroki , Fujiwara Shin-ichiro , Jo Yumi , Okamoto Akinao , Fujita Hiroyuki , Takamatsu Yasushi , Saburi Yoshio , Matsumura Itaru , Yamanouchi Jun , Shiratori Souichi , Gotoh Moritaka , Nakamura Shingen , Tamura Kazuo ,   for the Japan Febrile Neutropenia Study Group
Published: January 2020

PURPOSE

Empiric antifungal therapy (EAT) is recommended for persistent febrile neutropenia (FN), but in most patients, it is associated with overtreatment. The D-index, calculated as the area surrounded by the neutrophil curve and the horizontal line at a neutrophil count of 500/μL, reflects both the duration and depth of neutropenia and enables real-time monitoring of the risk of invasive fungal infection in individual patients at no cost. We investigated a novel approach for patients with persistent FN called D-index–guided early antifungal therapy (DET), in which antifungal treatment is postponed until a D-index reaches 5,500 or the detection of positive serum or imaging tests, and compared it with EAT in this multicenter open-label noninferiority randomized controlled trial.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

We randomly assigned 423 patients who underwent chemotherapy or hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation for hematologic malignancies to the EAT or DET group. The prophylactic use of antifungal agents other than polyenes, echinocandins, or voriconazole was allowed. Micafungin at 150 mg per day was administered as EAT or DET.

RESULTS

In an intent-to-treat analysis of 413 patients, the incidence of probable/proven invasive fungal infection was 2.5% in the EAT group and 0.5% in the DET group, which fulfilled the predetermined criterion of noninferiority of the DET group (−2.0%; 90% CI, −4.0% to 0.1%). The survival rate was 98.0% versus 98.6% at day 42 and 96.4% versus 96.2% at day 84. The use of micafungin was significantly reduced in the DET group (60.2% v 32.5%; P < .001).

CONCLUSION

A novel strategy, DET, decreased the use and cost of antifungal agents without increasing invasive fungal infections and can be a reasonable alternative to empiric or preemptive antifungal therapy.
Rapid Donor Identification Improves Survival in High-Risk First-Remission Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Pagel John M. , Othus Megan , Garcia-Manero Guillermo , Fang Min , Radich Jerald P. , Rizzieri David A. , Marcucci Guido , Strickland Stephen A. , Litzow Mark R. , Savoie M. Lynn , Spellman Stephen R. , Confer Dennis L. , Chell Jeffrey W. , Brown Maria , Medeiros Bruno C. , Sekeres Mikkael A. , Lin Tara L. , Uy Geoffrey L. , Powell Bayard L. , Bayer Ruthee-Lu , Larson Richard A. , Stone Richard M. , Claxton David , Essell James , Luger Selina M. , Mohan Sanjay R. , Moseley Anna , Erba Harry P. , Appelbaum Frederick R.
Published: January 2020

PURPOSE:

Patients with acute myeloid leukemia with high-risk cytogenetics in first complete remission (CR1) achieve better outcomes if they undergo allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) compared with consolidation chemotherapy alone. However, only approximately 40% of such patients typically proceed to HCT.

METHODS:

We used a prospective organized approach to rapidly identify donors to improve the allogeneic HCT rate in adults with high-risk acute myeloid leukemia in CR1. Newly diagnosed patients had cytogenetics obtained at enrollment, and those with high-risk cytogenetics underwent expedited HLA typing and were encouraged to be referred for consultation with a transplantation team with the goal of conducting an allogeneic HCT in CR1.

RESULTS:

Of 738 eligible patients (median age, 49 years; range, 18-60 years of age), 159 (22%) had high-risk cytogenetics and 107 of these patients (67%) achieved CR1. Seventy (65%) of the high-risk patients underwent transplantation in CR1 ( P < .001 compared with the historical rate of 40%). Median time to HCT from CR1 was 77 days (range, 20-356 days). In landmark analysis, overall survival (OS) among patients who underwent transplantation was significantly better compared with that of patients who did not undergo transplantation (2-year OS, 48% v 35%, respectively [ P = .031]). Median relapse-free survival after transplantation in the high-risk cohort who underwent transplantation in CR1 (n = 70) was 11.5 months (range, 4-47 months), and median OS after transplantation was 14 months (range, 4-44 months).

CONCLUSION:

Early cytogenetic testing with an organized effort to identify a suitable allogeneic HCT donor led to a CR1 transplantation rate of 65% in the high-risk group, which, in turn, led to an improvement in OS when compared with the OS of patients who did not undergo transplantation.
Sensitivity of a Next-Generation NIRS Device to Detect Low Mixed Venous Oxyhemoglobin Saturations in the Single Ventricle Population
Authors: Gagnon Marie-Helene , Kussman Barry D. , Zhou Lingyu , DiNardo James A. , Kheir John N.
Published: January 2020

Regional cerebral oxygenation index (rSO2) based on near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is frequently used to detect low venous oxyhemoglobin saturation (ScvO2). We compared the performance of 2 generations of NIRS devices. Clinically obtained, time-matched cerebral rSO2 and ScvO2 values were compared in infants monitored with the FORE-SIGHT (n = 73) or FORE-SIGHT ELITE (n = 47) by linear regression and Bland-Altman analyses. In both devices, cerebral rSO2 correlated poorly with measured ScvO2 (FORE-SIGHT partial correlation 0.50 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 0.40–0.58]; FORE-SIGHT ELITE partial correlation 0.47 [0.39–0.55]) and mean bias was +8 (standard deviation [SD] 13.2) for FORE-SIGHT and +14 (SD 12.5) for FORE-SIGHT ELITE. When ScvO2 was <30%, rSO2 was <40 in 8% of FORE-SIGHT ELITE readings. Future NIRS should be validated in more hypoxic cohorts.
Destruction and Disjuncture: Ironies of Apology, Exhibition, and Ethnography along British Columbia’s Dammed Peace River
Authors: Willow Anna J.
Published: January 2020

In June 2016, BC Hydro (British Columbia’s provincially-owned electric utility) opened a new exhibit at the W. A. C. Bennett Dam Visitor Centre. The Our Story, Our Voice gallery brought the hardships endured by the region’s First Nations citizens as a result of the fifty-year-old dam to light. A carefully crafted apology from BC Hydro’s Deputy CEO figured prominently in the gallery’s opening ceremony. But with a controversial new dam threatening the province’s last stretch of free-flowing Peace River, both the exhibit and the apology were deeply ironic. This article draws on my complex and contradictory experience at the exhibit’s opening ceremony to ground an exploration of irony’s analytical value: I examine the irony inherent in apologizing for past transgressions while perpetuating very similar new ones, investigate the exhibit itself as a paradoxical presentation, and acknowledge that my presence in British Columbia was possible because of a foundation established by a man—Axel Wenner-Gren—who was both an early proponent of damming the Peace River and an ethnographic enthusiast. Embracing reflexive attention to momentary, power-laden, and occasionally uncomfortable encounters with people, places, and evidence, I demonstrate how contemplating irony can serve as a compelling way to convert experience into understanding.
Contested Indigenous Landscapes: Indian Mounds and the Political Creation of the Mythical “Mound Builder” Race
Authors: Timmerman Nicholas A.
Published: January 2020

Between 1790 and 1840, a constructed belief system arose arguing that the numerous Indian mounds were constructed by a separate, more “civilized” “Mound Builder” race. The multiple Mound Builder myths corresponded with a rising nationalism and romanticism in the United States that posited an ancient connection to the Old World. These myths reflected contemporary racial perceptions of American Indians, thus denying American Indian’s ownership of the land and their rightful place in history. Furthermore, the histories of the mounds serve as a modern-day warning against nationalism and pseudo-history for political purposes.
Adaptive Strategies during Times of Conflict and Transformation: Copiapó Valley under the Spanish Conquest in the Sixteenth Century
Authors: Garrido Francisco , González Soledad
Published: January 2020

This article explores the changes and adaptation of warfare strategies in indigenous societies during the Spanish conquest, through a case study of Copiapó valley in northern Chile. Using ethnohistorical and archaeological data, it explores the experiences and actions of collective agents who transformed their warfare practices and social alliances in order to fight for their autonomy and survival. The Copiapó people transformed from a society characterized by low-scale intermittent warfare to one that employed an intensive mode of conflict and developed broader inter-ethnic alliances. Their relative success in this last stage eventually proved to be an effective bargaining tool to negotiate better conditions for their incorporation into the new colonial system.
Cardiorespiratory Fitness Normalized to Fat-Free Mass and Mortality Risk
Authors: IMBODEN MARY T. , KAMINSKY LEONARD A. , PETERMAN JAMES E. , HUTZLER HAYLEE L. , WHALEY MITCHELL H. , FLEENOR BRADLEY S. , HARBER MATTHEW P.
Published: January 2020

Purpose

Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is known to be directly related to fat-free mass (FFM), therefore, it has been suggested that normalizing CRF to FFM (V˙O2peakFFM) may be the most accurate expression of CRF as related to exercise performance and cardiorespiratory function. However, the influence of V˙O2peakFFM (mL·kg FFM−1·min−1) on predicting mortality has been largely unexplored. This study aimed to primarily assess the relationship between V˙O2peakFFM and all-cause and disease-specific mortality risk in apparently healthy adults. Further, this study sought to compare the predictive ability of V˙O2peakFFM to V˙O2peak normalized to total body weight (V˙O2peakTBW) for mortality outcomes.

Methods

Participants included 2905 adults (1555 men, 1350 women) who completed a cardiopulmonary exercise test between 1970 and 2016 to determine CRF. Body composition was assessed using the skinfold method to estimate FFM. Cardiorespiratory fitness was expressed as V˙O2peakTBW and V˙O2peakFFM. Participants were followed for 19.0 ± 11.7 yr after their cardiopulmonary exercise test for mortality outcomes. Cox-proportional hazard models were performed to determine the relationship of V˙O2peakFFM with mortality outcomes. Parameter estimates were assessed to compare the predictive ability of CRF expressed as V˙O2peakTBW and V˙O2peakFFM.

Results

Overall, V˙O2peakFFM was inversely related to all-cause, cardiovascular disease, and cancer mortality, with a 16.2%, 8.4%, and 8.0% lower risk per 1 mL·kg FFM−1·min−1 improvement, respectively (P < 0.01). Further, assessment of the parameter estimates showed V˙O2peakFFM to be a significantly stronger predictor of all-cause mortality than V˙O2peakTBW (parameter estimates, −0.49 vs −0.16).

Conclusions

Body composition is an important factor when considering the relationship between CRF and mortality risk. Clinicians should consider normalizing CRF to FFM when feasible, because it will strengthen the predictive power of the measure.
ACORN (A Clinically-Oriented Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network): a pilot protocol for case based antimicrobial resistance surveillance
Authors: Turner Paul , Ashley Elizabeth A. , Celhay Olivier J. , Douangnouvong Anousone , Hamers Raph L. , Ling Clare L. , Lubell Yoel , Miliya Thyl , Roberts Tamalee , Soputhy Chansovannara , Ngoc Thach Pham , Vongsouvath Manivanh , Waithira Naomi , Wannapinij Prapass , van Doorn H. Rogier
Published: January 2020

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) / drug resistant infections (DRIs) are a major global health priority. Surveillance data is critical to inform infection treatment guidelines, monitor trends, and to assess interventions. However, most existing AMR / DRI surveillance systems are passive and pathogen-based with many potential biases. Addition of clinical and patient outcome data would provide considerable added value to pathogen-based surveillance.

Methods: The aim of the ACORN project is to develop an efficient clinically-oriented AMR surveillance system, implemented alongside routine clinical care in hospitals in low- and middle-income country settings. In an initial pilot phase, clinical and microbiology data will be collected from patients presenting with clinically suspected meningitis, pneumonia, or sepsis. Community-acquired infections will be identified by daily review of new admissions, and hospital-acquired infections will be enrolled during weekly point prevalence surveys, on surveillance wards. Clinical variables will be collected at enrolment, hospital discharge, and at day 28 post-enrolment using an electronic questionnaire on a mobile device. These data will be merged with laboratory data onsite using a flexible automated computer script. Specific target pathogens will be Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Acinetobacter baumannii. A bespoke browser-based app will provide sites with fully interactive data visualisation, analysis, and reporting tools.

Discussion: ACORN will generate data on the burden of DRI which can be used to inform local treatment guidelines / national policy and serve as indicators to measure the impact of interventions. Following development, testing and iteration of the surveillance tools during an initial six-month pilot phase, a wider rollout is planned.
OS CORPOS DE PROFESSORAS E CRIANÇAS DA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL: A FORMAÇÃO E SUAS (IM)POTÊNCIAS E (FRAGMENT)AÇÕES
Authors: Ferreira Michelle Dantas , Silva Edilane Oliveira da
Published: January 2020

Esse artigo tem como objetivo investigar a(s) forma(s) como os corpos vêm sendo vivenciados nas instituições de Educação Infantil e como a formação docente afeta a formação das crianças e seus corpos. Como metodologia, construímos uma ponte entre nossas práticas enquanto professoras de duas instituições públicas municipais do Rio de Janeiro – um CIEP e uma Creche – e nossas pesquisas em um grupo ligado a uma universidade pública e no Mestrado, ressaltando questões que emergiram do campo, estabelecendo uma relação entre formação docente, infância e corpo, costurando o diálogo com narrativas das professoras, ações das crianças e a formação universitária, evidenciando um ciclo que se retroalimenta.
CORPO EM MOVIMENTO: PRODUÇÃO DA NORMALIDADE E AS ASTÚCIAS CRIADAS PELOS CORPOS
Authors: Silveira Bruna Pontes
Published: January 2020

O presente artigo propõe um exercício de pensamento acerca da ideia de normalidade, mais especificamente nos corpos incongruentes que resistem aos padrões estabelecidos. Nesse sentido o grupo de dança sobre rodas Corpo em Movimento nos ajuda a dançar-pensar como as astúcias (Michel de Certeau) são produzidas no enfrentamento de uma lógica de poder e normalização (Michel Foucault) dos corpos. Atravessam o texto fragmentos de ritmos-dispositivos como o diário de pesquisa (René Lourau) e biografemas (Roland Barthes) produzidos ao longo dessa investigação. O fazer dança como forma de resistência constrói fenda na naturalização do corpo entendido como normal, produzindo novas formas de pensar o corpo que dança.
BODY-MIND CENTERING – APRENDIZAGEM DE UM CORPO VIBRÁTIL
Authors: Lima Dani
Published: January 2020

O artigo tenta elucidar uma possível epistemologia das práticas somáticas, em especial do método Body-Mind Centering™ (BMC), relacionando-o a conceitos e práticas afins. Proponho uma reflexão sobre a noção de aprendizagem, tal como proposta no BMC, a partir dos escritos de Bonnie Bainbridge Cohen, relacionando-a ao conceito de corpo vibrátil, proposto por Suely Rolnik. Assumo o desafio de dizer em palavras um acontecimento da ordem de uma experiência pré-significante, relacionada ao não-saber, a vivências de um corpo de sensações celulares.O artigo é parte de minha pesquisa de doutorado em Literatura, Cultura e Contemporaneidade na PUC-RJ, que busca identificar modos de existência próprios do BMC e catalisá-los para a germinação de uma poética performativa cênica e de uma narrativa escrita.
The effect of dietary methionine levels on growth, feed conversion and protein retention efficiency of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings
Authors: FOUZI A. MOHAMMED  , Yousif Ramzy , FATIMA M. HILAL  , RAHMA A. ADAM  , TAMNY K. AHMED
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Mohammed FA, Yousif RA, Hilal FM, Adam RA, Ahmed TK. 2020. The effect of dietary methionine levels on growth, feed conversion and protein retention efficiency of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings. Nusantara Bioscience 12: 21-27. A 49 days feeding trial was conducted to evaluate growth, feed utilization and body composition of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (4.30±0.01 g), fed five isonitrogenous (32 g 100 g-1 crude protein) and isoenergetic (14.51 kJ g-1 Gross energy) practical diets and five levels of methionine supplementation (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5 g 100 g-1). The experimental design was completely randomized with five treatments and three replicates. Fish were stocked in triplicate groups of 20 fish held in 70 L flow-through tanks (water volume 55 L) and fed twice daily (08:00 am and 04:30 pm) to apparent satiation. When absolute weight gain (AWG; g fish-1), feed conversion ratio, protein deposition (g fish-1) and protein retention efficiency (%) data were subjected to second-degree polynomial regression analysis 95% of the plateau of the above parameters was achieved at dietary methionine concentrations between 1.4-1.5 g 100 g-1 dry diet or 0.09-0.10 g methionine kJ-1 GE. Corresponding to 4.4-4.7 g 100 g-1 of the dietary protein. Based on these results, dietary methionine requirement for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus is recommended 1.4-1.5 g 100 g-1 diet.
Why they do it: a study into the motivations of social workers volunteering with migrants for Social Workers Without Borders
Authors: Cullinan Finbar
Published: January 2020

In response to the increase in international migration to Europe over recent years, questions have arisen on how social work practice can respond to the safeguarding risks in migrant camps at borders and to those within the UK who are denied or have restricted access to services. Social Workers Without Borders (SWWB) is a group of volunteers using their professional skills in this context. A qualitative study into the motivations of some of these social workers sought to better understand and theorise the group’s work. The research found that practitioners identified strongly with values of social justice, driving their practice within SWWB and elsewhere. Social work as a profession was conceived of as essentially political, having a role to play in making change on a societal level, along with supporting individuals. SWWB was found to provide an opportunity for participants to practice in a way which they felt was in accordance with their personal values and was effective with migrants. The organisation is described as offering an important critical space for contemporary social work practice with migrants and as a vehicle for a collective professional voice. Several participants placed their work with SWWB in the context of social work as an international profession, whose shared values have the potential to respond to the pressures of hostile immigration policies of national governments.
Rewriting the contract? Conditionality, welfare reform and the rights and responsibilities of disabled people
Authors: Dwyer Peter
Published: January 2020

This chapter focuses on the rights and responsibilities of disabled people in the UK and the ways in which their rights to work and social security benefits have been subject to contestation and redefinition, particularly since the introduction of Employment and Support Allowance in 2008. In the past, both governments and citizens generally tended to support the claims of long-term sick and disabled people to social security benefits for two reasons. First, because disabled people fitted commonly held views about a legitimate need for provision of financial support and care through the public welfare system. Second, because the cause of their inactivity in the paid labour market was seen by many as being beyond their control. Disabled people have long challenged such discriminatory views and demanded the eradication of disabling attitudes and environments, so that they can realise effective rights to paid employment. Similarly, criticisms of the disabling welfare state and the role it has played in the systematic and entrenched social exclusion of disabled people in respect of their rights to work and welfare must be acknowledged.
Convergence of government ideology in an era of global competition: an empirical analysis using comparative manifesto data
Authors: Kühner Stefan
Published: January 2020

This chapter looks at data on the manifestos of political parties across Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries to examine how political actors have reframed their perspectives on welfare in light of the intensification of global economic competition since the 1970s. In particular, it focuses on how — and how far — left- and right-wing parties have converged in terms of their social and economic policy agendas and, relatedly, to what degree perceived intensification of global economic pressures has driven partisan convergence. Analysis of the data suggests that, despite a considerable degree of convergence of party preferences after 1980, the rather broad-brush notion of a general ‘race to the right’ is overstated, as the processes of shifting ideological party positions vary hugely in different countries. More importantly, some of the identified processes of convergence seem to at least qualify key assumptions/statements within the competition state literature. Further exploration and clarification on these different processes of government ideology convergence are clearly warranted.
Crisis, austerity, competitiveness and growth: new pathologies of the welfare state
Authors: Farnsworth Kevin , Irving Zoë
Published: January 2020

This chapter discusses how economists, governments, international organisations, and various other political and financial interests have exploited the economic crisis to assert the argument that the welfare state is unsustainable and that major social policy reforms are essential if nations affected by the crisis are to become competitive in the world system. The challenges faced by governments subject to variations of the unfolding economic crises since 2007/08 have centred on two key questions: first, how to use social policies in strategies for recovery; second, how to deal with the massive economic costs imposed by the crisis. Since the impact of the crisis varied between states, so the policies employed by governments to deal with the crisis have varied. In some cases they have been driven by national economic and political factors, in others they have been driven by world-regional and international factors. The strategy of austerity plays a central role in the future growth models advocated by both national governments and international financial organisations and it is the economic and political success of this approach that shapes the prospects of the welfare state.
Population ageing and international migration
Authors: Torres Sandra
Published: January 2020

This chapter aims to introduce ethnicity scholars to the societal challenge that is population aging, and social gerontologists to the challenges posed by the globalisation of international migration, and bytransnationalism. As such, this chapter aims to give the audiences that this book addresses a common ground from which future dialogues can be set in motion. It is, after all, these societal challenges that are at the core of the growing interest on the intersection of ethnicity/ race and ageing/ old age. This chapter argues also that one of the reasons why we should engage in the imaginative phase of discovery that theorising entails is that greater diversity can now be found in the older segments of our population and the scholarship in focus in this book needs to become more ethnicity/ race-astute.
The gender politics of ‘bluestocking philosophy’
Authors: Brooks Ann
Published: January 2020

This chapter discusses the gender politics of ‘bluestocking philosophy’. The idea of a single, unified conceptualization of what constituted a bluestocking and what was understood as a bluestocking philosophy is somewhat misleading, as the idea of a single voice emerging from this group is almost a contradiction in terms. What can be identified is who made up the bluestocking circles and what they aspired to be and to do. Elizabeth Montagu was a central figure in the development of bluestocking circles and, along with Elizabeth Vesey and Frances Boscawen, helped to forge a public identity for women public intellectuals through Montagu's own scholarship as well as her support for other women writers. The early bluestocking circles were not established as a vehicle for promoting equity or women's rights, or even rights of citizenship. However, they played an important role in the second half of the 18th century in entrenching cultural and social transformation into the social system. In addition, they ‘played a crucial role in a widening and defining of women's social roles in the eighteenth century’.
Women writers: setting the terms of the debate
Authors: Brooks Ann
Published: January 2020

This chapter explores the idea of the bluestockings and other women writers and how they were partially enfranchised by the expansion of print culture in the 18th century. Many of the bluestockings were published writers. Indeed, Elizabeth Montagu and Elizabeth Carter showed that women could succeed in areas traditionally defined as areas where men excelled. Regardless of the success of these women writers — and probably as a result of it — at the start of the 19th century, the combined social and intellectual prominence of so many intelligent women was responded to with both resentment and disgust by many men. Nevertheless, the establishment of a recognized and significant presence of women in the ‘world of letters’ paved the way for a wide range of social and political commentary from women writers such as Jane Austen, George Eliot, and, later, Virginia Woolf.
Israel: leave policy, familialism and the neoliberal welfare state
Authors: Perez-Vaisvidovsky Nadav
Published: January 2020

Developments in leave policy in Israel during the decade 2007-2017 followed what could best be described as an uncertain route. On the one hand, after five decades of stalemate, in this decade leave was extended several times in several ways. First, paid Maternity Leave increased from 12 to 14 weeks, followed by an extension of unpaid leave, the introduction of Paternity Leave, and finally – following a social struggle – the further extension of paid leave to 15 weeks, with the promise of further extensions. However, these incremental changes were minimal, even in the eyes of their initiators. Among policymakers and activists alike, the consensus was that leave for parents was too short to answer families' needs, and that the changes had to be seen as small steps toward a larger goal – which remained unachieved. This situation, the chapter argues, can be understood as a tension between the combined effects of Israeli familialism and international developments in leave policy, on the one hand; and the extreme neoliberalisation of the Israeli welfare state and its adherence to the 'austerity of welfare' principle, on the other.
The workplace: challenges for fathers and their use of leave
Authors: Harvey Valérie , Tremblay Diane-Gabrielle
Published: January 2020

Since 2006, the Québec Parental Insurance Plan has given fathers in this Canadian province the opportunity to take three to five weeks of paid Paternity Leave during the first year after the birth of a child; they can also use up to 25 or 32 weeks of Parental Leave, depending on the option chosen. Two exploratory qualitative research studies of fathers show that taking a Paternity Leave of five weeks is well accepted within the workplace, but the timing of the leave can be perceived as problematic. But fathers who choose to remain at home beyond the Paternity Leave must make more compromises with their employer, particularly, as this study shows, in the IT multimedia sector. They are often the first in their workplace to ask for and to take Parental Leave and can become an inspiration for other employees, but when they return to work, it can be difficult to follow the same rhythm as before and to be present for the same hours as others, especially when it comes to overtime. Faced by such difficulties, some fathers even reported changing their employer in order to better reconcile their work with their new family situation.
Memory, counter-memory and resistance: notes on the ‘Greek Debt Truth Commission’
Authors: Bowsher Joshua
Published: January 2020

This chapter seeks to understand the social and political significance of the Greek Truth Committee on the Public Debt (TCPD), a process set up by SYRIZA in June 2015 to contest the dominant ‘common sense’ of Greece’s sovereign debt. Affirming its value, this chapter analyses the TCPD as an important, strategic response to post-crash neoliberalism. Lazzarato has argued that contemporary neoliberalism relies on a mnemotechnics of debt, a project of memory, which does the crucial work of legitimising and sustaining recourse to austerity policies by making citizens ‘guilty’ and thus deserving of them. Set against neoliberalism’s mnemotechnics, I examine the TCPD as a memory-making project, showing how it produced a counter-memory of the debt which demonstrated the innocence of Greek citizens and thus freed them from guilt. With its capacity to reverse the common sense of debt, I conclude that the TCPD’s memory-making strategy remains an important precedent for resisting post-crash neoliberalism.
Ecologies of indebtedness
Authors: Featherstone Mark
Published: January 2020

In this chapter I explore the impacts of debt through the lens of ecology in order to reimagine the meaning of indebtedness for a form of globalisation defined by exhaustion. In the first part of the chapter I trace the origins of the contemporary debt society through a discussion of global socio-economic change before moving on to consider the impacts of the near collapse of this social form in the period following 2008. In the second section of the chapter I expand my exploration of these impacts through consideration of the ways in which unmanageable indebtedness destroys the future on the level of both societies, which fall into exhaustion and a kind of decrepit post-modernism, and individuals, who come to occupy a space of lack and melancholia by virtue of their inability to live up to the modern ideal of what it means to be an individual. In this respect the central point of my chapter concerns the attempt to rethink the bad, or unsustainable, ecology of financial indebtedness through the reconceptualisation of notions of default and bankruptcy in a new vision of the necessity of interdependence, where self, other, and world come together to form a primal debt complex.
Intersectional experiences of young migrant women in Istanbul
Authors: Ünal Bayram
Published: January 2020

This chapter presents an overview of the hitherto altered types and content of domestic work, and young Moldovan migrant women’s intersectional experiences during the early 2000 in Turkey. Domestic work has turned out to include a number of widespread services in a variety of forms along with other new emerging services, i.e., personal, massaging and partnership services, classified as the In-House Partnership Services (IHPSs). Under these in-house services are the potential of having sexual affairs alluding to the early image of Natasha in domestic services. Such labelling has always been associated with the young migrant women’s ethnic origin and their physical appearance. The change in domestic services has placed the young women migrants at the ‘intersections of class, sexual orientation, religion, age and citizenship’, which paved the way for young migrant women to be perceived differently.
Conclusion
Authors: Bonifacio Glenda Tibe
Published: January 2020

Abstract and Keywords to be supplied.
Reconceptualising poverty in Europe: exclusion, marginality and absolute poverty reframed through participatory relational space
Authors: Dominelli Lena
Published: January 2020

This chapter argues that monetarised conceptualisations of poverty cannot address the multiple complexities of poverty because these focus on individual behaviour, and ignore its multiple aspects including its relationality, emotionality, social exclusion, and structural forms of inequality. By exploring the conceptual limitations of absolute and relative poverty, this chapter reconceptualises poverty holistically within participatory relational space, uncovering its relational dimensions involving self-fulfilment, agency, and realisation of welfare entitlements rooted in universal human rights not nation-state-based citizenship. It situates poverty within participatory relational space which combines action within domestic relational space and public relational space to transcend concepts that portray poor people as passive objects of policymakers. This chapter also contends that the nation-state has ‘a duty of care’ towards those residing within its borders that requires tackling structural inequalities and 21st century realities on the European continent. Addressing the structural welfare needs of both citizens and non-citizens will strengthen social solidarity and endorse new policies and practices to eradicate poverty in Europe.
Unravelling the complexities of poverty in Northern Ireland, a new immigration destination
Authors: McAreavey Ruth
Published: January 2020

This chapter uses migrants’ experiences of poverty in Northern Ireland to consider the way in which poverty is experienced across transnational boundaries. The research draws from empirical data from Northern Ireland, a place which until relatively recently experienced little in-migration. It begins by considering the meaning of poverty and how it is understood transnationally i.e. across national boundaries. The chapter proceeds by showing how migrants shift their framing of poverty according to different circumstances. Poverty is also shown to bring with it physical and emotional vulnerabilities and can cause anxiety, indignity and insecurity for the individuals involved. Finally, the chapter highlights the importance of third party support from the sending or receiving society for overcoming the consequences of poverty.
Policy, scale and the importance of space
Authors: Papanastasiou Natalie
Published: January 2020

This chapter clarifies why the book explores the politics of scale in policy through a cross-disciplinary lens that integrates policy studies and political geography. Specifically, the chapter argues that in order for policy studies to engage with scale as a political concept, the study of policy needs to engage in a dialogue with human geography literature on ‘space’. A space-sensitive approach to policy analysis would involve being receptive to the idea that spatial concepts and categories are crucial to shaping the practices of policymaking. Its discussion introduces what the study of ‘space’ implies for the research interests of social scientists, suggests a number of reasons for the lack of engagement with space in the field of policy studies, and finally turns to outlining the exciting potential for policy studies to engage with theories of space.