bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PRAWNE MOŻLIWOŚCI WYEGZEKWOWANIA ZASĄDZONEJ KOMPENSATY TYTUŁEM ZADOŚĆUCZYNIENIA
Authors: Chrzanowska Magdalena
Published: January 2020

Mając na uwadze ciągle aktualny problem egzekucji zasądzonej kompensaty tytułem zadośćuczynienia, przy uwzględnieniu obszerności problematyki dotyczącej przedmiotowego tematu, w niniejszej pracy omówiono prawne możliwości dochodzenia roszczenia w związku z nieuczciwą praktyką dłużników wyzbywania się przez nich majątku w celu uniknięcia egzekucji, w sytuacji gdy zarówno wierzyciel, jak i dłużnik są osobami fizycznym nie ubezpieczonymi od odpowiedzialności cywilnej. Omówione zostały instrumenty prawne takie jak skarga paulińska uregulowana w art. 527 ustawy z dnia 23 kwietnia 1964 r. kodeks cywilny (Dz.U. z 1964 r. Nr 16 oz. 93 z późn zm) oraz art. 300 § 2 ustawy z dnia 02 sierpnia 1997 r. kodeks karny (Dz.U. z 1997 r. Nr 88 oz. 553 z późn zm.), którymi mogą posługiwać się wierzyciele, aby dochodzenie należnych im środków wobec dłużników było bardziej skuteczne.
How to Encourage Reading and Learning in the College Classroom
Authors: Sackris David ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: January 2020

In this article I argue that the best way to ensure that students engage with assigned reading is by having open-ended questions that require textual interpretation to accompany every class session. Although this runs contrary to a recent trend of using multiple-choice questions or true/false questions to ensure reading compliance, using questions that require written responses has four key benefits: (1) such questions result in 75 percent of students completing the assigned reading; this leads to more successful class discussions, and a deeper dive into the course material. (2) Daily assignments can be used to develop specific skills that the instructor would like students to demonstrate. (3) When students come to class having completed the reading, it is much easier to assign productive group assignments. (4) When students engage in significant reading and writing tasks within a semester, critical thinking, reading and writing skills are more likely to be improved.
Gerenciamento participativo de recursos em espaços pedagógicos
Authors: Oliveira Erinaldo Silva , Nascimento-e-Silva Daniel
Published: January 2020

Ainda são escassos os estudos sobre o gerenciamento dos recursos em espaços pedagógicos, tanto em organizações públicas, quanto privadas. Neste sentido, neste estudo busca-se analisar se a prática gerencial dos recursos de determinado espaço pedagógico, de uma instituição que opera no Norte do Brasil, pode ser considerada participativa. A metodologia se constituiu inicialmente de pesquisa e revisão bibliográfica. Posteriormente, aplicou-se a pesquisa empírica, seguida da organização e discussão dos dados obtidos. Trata-se de estudo qualitativo. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas centradas num modelo cujo protocolo previu a análise do gerenciamento de cinco tipos de recursos. O estudo mostrou que a participação na gestão dos recursos do espaço pedagógico analisado é limitada.Palavras-chave: participação; recursos; processo; espaço pedagógico.
Gestão pedagógica no bloco de alfabetização a partir da implantação do ensino fundamental de nove anos
Authors: Braun Jordana Rex , Bolzan Doris Pires Vargas
Published: January 2020

Neste texto são apresentados resultados de uma pesquisa realizada com as professoras do bloco pedagógico e a coordenadora pedagógica de uma escola de Santa Maria/RS. O objetivo foi compreender como ocorre a gestão pedagógica dos processos de escolarização no ciclo de alfabetização com a implantação do ensino fundamental de 9 anos. Destacamos que o trabalho do professor é perpassado por mudanças legais que influenciam na sua organização. Assim, ele requer uma atenção constantes às emergências sociais e culturais e às necessidades das crianças, visando a qualificar as práticas pedagógicas. A gestão pedagógica requer ir além da sala de aula, configurando-se em um espaço de trabalho colaborativo para qualificar o processo de alfabetização no bloco pedagógico.Palavras-chave: educação básica; bloco pedagógico; gestão pedagógica.
Avaliação participativa nos espaços pedagógicos: análise de uma instituição escolar do Norte do Brasil
Authors: Valle Maria Raimunda Lima , Nascimento-e-Silva Daniel , Silva Ronison Oliveira da
Published: January 2020

Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar se a experiência de avaliação praticada no espaço pedagógico de uma instituição do Norte do Brasil é participativa. Buscou-se responda a duas indagações: quais são os tipos de avaliação praticados naquele espaço pedagógico e quais são as etapas percorridas para realizar essas avaliações. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica seguida da aplicação do questionário que contém perguntas abertas. Os resultados que mostram que não há avaliação participativa nos espaços pedagógicos na instituição pesquisada e apontam para avaliação teórica e prática como os dois tipos de avaliações mais praticadas pelos professores de educação profissional básica e superior da região Norte do Brasil.Palavras-chave: avaliação; participação; espaço pedagógico.
Atuação profissional dos egressos das licenciaturas do Instituto Federal Goiano (2013-2014)
Authors: Piloto Thiago Oliveira , Ferreira Joelma de Moura , Vilalta Luiz Antônio
Published: January 2020

É objetivo dos institutos federais, entre outros, garantir uma parcela de suas vagas a fim de atender os cursos de licenciatura. Em contrapartida é esperado que os egressos retribuam devolvendo para a sociedade o conhecimento adquirido. Neste artigo apresenta-se os resultados de uma pesquisa que objetivou identificar se os egressos dos cursos de licenciatura do Instituto Federal Goiano - IF Goiano - atuam profissionalmente na área de formação acadêmica específica. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida nos cursos de licenciatura em Matemática, Pedagogia, Ciências Biológicas e Química de diversos campi do IF Goiano, abrangendo as turmas de 2013 e 2014.Palavras-chave: licenciatura; egressos; Instituto Federal Goiano; desenvolvimento regional.
Modelos de avaliação da qualidade no contexto da educação infantil de Florianópolis/SC
Authors: Zucco Dirce Guerres , Zanella Andreia , Freire Patrícia de Sá
Published: January 2020

Neste artigo aborda-se os modelos de avaliação da qualidade da educação infantil e define-se os critérios para comparação dos mesmos. Por meio de uma pesquisa qualitativa discute-se e compara-se os modelos aplicados na rede municipal de Florianópolis/SC. Concluiu-se que a avaliação deve considerar diversidade identitária das instituições e as especificidades da educação infantil. Precisa ter natureza científica, rigor técnico e procedimentos legitimados de mapeamento. Além da coleta e análise de dados o resultado da avaliação deve compilar informações do censo escolar e programas de financiamento educacional que fomentam acesso, infraestrutura, recursos materiais, formação de professores e gestão dos sistemas e das instituições.Palavras-chave: avaliação da qualidade; modelos de avaliação; educação infantil.
A produção do outro incluído em tempos de avaliações em larga escala
Authors: Lockmann Kamila , Machado Roseli Belmonte
Published: January 2020

As avaliações em larga escala têm se tornado cotidianas no meio educacional. Seus propósitos são o de mensurar a qualidade da educação. Contudo, compreende-se que tais avaliações também produzem e qualificam sujeitos. No Brasil uma das recentes avaliações é a Avaliação Nacional da Alfabetização - ANA -, sobre a qual temos problematizado o modo como os sujeitos com deficiência têm sido produzidos. Nesta pesquisa o objetivo foi o de analisar a produção do sujeito com deficiência nas escolas públicas a partir da Avaliação Nacional da Alfabetização. Para tanto foram analisados documentos que compõe e regulam essa avaliação e foram realizadas entrevistas com professores e diretores de escolas públicas de sete municípios gaúchos. Os dados foram analisados com base nos Estudos Foucaultianos. Destaca-se que a ANA contribuiu para a constituição do outro com deficiência como um sujeito incapaz e invisível a esses avaliadores.Palavras-chave: avaliação em larga escala; sujeito; inclusão escolar; currículo.
Apresentação
Authors: Quadros Claudemir de
Published: January 2020

A Regae: Revista de Gestão e Avaliação Educacional iniciou o ano de 2020 com uma boa notícia: na avaliação de meio termo do Qualis/Capes foi classificada como periódico A4. O seu ingresso no estrato superior do Qualis indica a pertinência do trabalho que vem sendo desenvolvido desde o ano de 2013, bem como a necessidade da sua continuidade com vistas à manutenção e melhoria da sua publicação.Neste período o número de artigos publicados por ano dobrou, ao passar de 14 em 2013 para 31 em 2019; a filiação institucional dos autores se diversificou e tornou-se exógena; assim como foram mantidos os registros em importantes indexadores e catálogos, entre eles Doaj, Latindex, Redalyc, Redib, Amelica, Latinrev.Para esses resultados contribuíram o trabalho dos integrantes do conselho editorial, dos avaliadores ad hoc e, em especial, dos integrantes do Portal de Periódicos Eletrônicos da UFSM, que têm oferecido suporte imprescindível para a manutenção da Regae.No âmbito da Regae têm sido publicados textos relacionados com políticas educacionais, avaliação e administração escolar. Estes textos apresentam resultados de trabalhos de conclusão de curso ou monográficos, a partir dos quais se pode perceber perspectivas e discursos que circulam em inúmeras instituições. Por meio deles é possível, por exemplo, perceber as preocupações de estudantes e orientadores ou fazer relações entre os temas anunciados e as proposições que circulam na sociedade.Possivelmente, esta é uma das funções de um periódico: oferecer uma oportunidade para a sociedade de resultados de trabalho realizado, para que isso possa acontecer, a partir de informações e dados disponíveis, otimizar como suas decisões, definir rumos e avaliar os resultados alcançados. .
Crash, boom, bang
Authors: Keylin Vadim
Published: January 2020

Audience participation is a prominent thread running through much of sound art practice, yet it remains largely absent from the sound art scholarship. In this article, I argue that the most widespread methodologies employed in sound art research – roughly split into the phenomenological branch and the object-oriented branch – are ill equipped to tackle the questions of sociality and participation. Instead, I offer a framework for the study of participation in sound art – and, more broadly, for sound aesthetics in general – rooted in the pragmatist tradition. My starting point is John Dewey’s conceptualization of an artwork as an aesthetic experience developing in cycles of doing and undergoing – a structure, he claims, present in both the creative process and the reception of artworks, putting them on equal footing. I then expand this notion by turning to the contemporary pragmatist trends in creativity studies, ANT and affordance theory, introducing the concepts of we-creativity, mediation and affordance. The second half of the article focuses specifically on affordance – a relationship between a sound artwork and its audience delimiting and facilitating the possibilities for participation. I discuss the low-level affordances (facilitating elementary action) for creative listening and soundmaking and high-level affordances (facilitating complex behaviors) for creativity, experimentation and connectivity. I conclude that the pragmatist framework allows to go beyond the subject- or object-centeredness of phenomenological or object-oriented methodologies, bringing to the foreground the relational and social character of sound art.
Algorithmic interactive music generation in videogames
Authors: Lopez Duarte Alvaro E.
Published: January 2020

In this article, I review the concept of algorithmic generative and interactive music and discuss the advantages and challenges of its implementation in videogames. Excessive repetition caused by low interactivity in music sequences through gameplay has been tackled primarily by using random or sequential containers, coupled with overlapping rules and adaptive mix parameters, as demonstrated in the Dynamic Music Units in Audiokinetic’s Wwise middleware. This approach provides a higher variety through re-combinatorial properties of music tracks and also a responsive and interactive music stream. However, it mainly uses prerecorded music sequences that reappear and are easy to recognize throughout gameplay. Generative principles such as single-seed design have been occasionally applied in game music scoring to generate material. Some of them are complemented with rules and are assigned to sections with low emotional requirements, but support for real-time interaction in gameplay situations, although desirable, is rarely found.While algorithmic note-by-note generation can offer interactive flexibility and infinite diversity, it poses significant challenges such as achieving human-like performativity and producing a distinctive narrative style through measurable parameters or program arguments. Starting with music generation, I examine conceptual implementations and technical challenges of algorithmic composition studies that use Markov models, a-life/evolutionary music, generative grammars, agents, and artificial neural networks/deep learning. For each model, I evaluate rule-based strategies for interactive music transformation using parameters provided by contextual gameplay situations. Finally, I propose a compositional tool design based in modular instances of algorithmic music generation, featuring stylistic interactive control in connection with an audio engine rendering system.
Sound production as a cultural practice
Authors: Cichocki Piotr
Published: January 2020

Referring to a notion of cultural practice understood as a constitution of social identity and meaningful everyday performance, this paper questions the practice of music production outside the technological centers of the global North. The author traces relations between the global standards of studio work and the case of “record culture” in Mzuzu, Malawi. On a tangible level, the production of sound and music in Mzuzu is bricolage, a creative combination of varied devices and means within an economy of scarcity.However, sound production in its intangible dimension reveals itself as a practice of mediation between material and immaterial spheres. Spatially, it combines local aesthetics with globally unified technologies. This mediation gathers different temporalities (old, “tribal” rhythms and digital sounds) with cosmologies (i.e. invocation to holy ghosts with gospel music, in contrast to local possession cults). Moreover, people embody many of these practices as opposed to expressing them discursively. As an embodied practice, the production contains social, non-discursive memory while, at the same time, it has a potential for construction of social worlds. Hence, sound production constitutes a sense-making practice that establishes relations between musicians, listeners, and other social actors.

 

NB: The article contains sound examples. In order to listen to embedded audio files, you must first download the pdf file and then open it with Adobe Acrobat.
Un modèle de postures et d’interventions comme ensemble dynamique pour accompagner les pratiques en situation professionnelle
Authors: Colognesi Stéphane , Van Nieuwenhoven Catherine , Runtz-Christan Edmée , Lebel Christine , Bélair Louise M.
Published: January 2020

Dans cette contribution théorique, nous tentons d’interpréter la notion de développement professionnel en fonction de concepts issus du développement cognitif. Ceci nous amène à considérer la formation des enseignants comme devant permettre l’élaboration de compétences, mais aussi comme devant également favoriser le développement de nouvelles structures cognitives. Nous explorons les notions théoriques liées à certains processus apparaissant dans les écrits réflexifs des étudiants et nous proposons des démarches pouvant favoriser certaines dimensions du développement professionnel global de l’apprenant, notamment l’apprentissage autorégulé, la centration sur certaines préoccupations et la prise en compte de certaines informations.
Réflexions concernant le recours aux fiches réflexives en ergothérapie visant le développement de la démarche réflexive des stagiaires
Authors: Brousseau Martine
Published: January 2020

Un dispositif pédagogique en ergothérapie a été mis en place pour soutenir les stagiaires dans le développement de leurs compétences reliées à la démarche réflexive. Il a été proposé à ceux-ci de rédiger un carnet de stage contenant des fiches réflexives durant leurs stages. Or, la mise en place de l’utilisation des fiches réflexives s’est avérée difficile étant donné qu’elle dépendait de l’initiative de l’étudiant ou de la volonté du superviseur de stage à y avoir recours. Suite à ce constat, une évaluation du recours à ce dispositif pédagogique a été faite. Le présent article expose les résultats de cette démarche d’évaluation. Cette démarche visait à 1. Décrire le bien-fondé du recours aux journaux réflexifs en ergothérapie ; 2. Documenter les retombées de l’écriture réflexive en ergothérapie ; 3. Apprécier sommairement le recours aux fiches réflexives ; 4. Décrire des éléments à considérer pour l’appréciation de la qualité des réflexions. La démarche d’évaluation a permis de retenir plusieurs éléments issus de la recherche et de notions théoriques en appui à l’appréciation de la réflexion.
Postures d’accompagnement et conceptions : une évidente interrelation ? Quatre cas sous la loupe en contexte d’insertion professionnelle
Authors: Vivegnis Isabelle
Published: January 2020

La question des postures d’accompagnement des stagiaires préoccupe de manière assez récente les acteurs impliqués dans la formation initialeà l’enseignement.Il importe que le formateur identifie les postures qu’il adopte en accompagnant son stagiaire pour que ce dernier puisse apprendre à exercer son métier en toute autonomie et développer sa singularité professionnelle. De la même manière, l’accompagnateur en insertion professionnelle, en adoptant certaines postures, tient un rôle majeur à l’égard du développement professionnel du débutant. Ces aspects ont notamment fait l’objet d’une recherche doctorale, menée sous la forme d’une étude multicas qualitative en contexte d’insertion professionnelle. À partir des conversations entre accompagnateurs et enseignants débutants, plusieurs postures caractéristiques des pratiques effectives des accompagnateurs ontétéidentifiées. Des entretiens semi-dirigés avec les accompagnateurs permettent de connaitre leurs conceptions relatives à l’accompagnement. Nous voyons un lien étroit entre celles-ci et les principes éthiques sous-jacents à leur pratique, la vision de leur rôle et de leur positionnement vis-à-vis de l’accompagné.
Étudiants en situation de handicap en contexte de stage à l’université : étude exploratoire des mesures d’accompagnement et d’accommodement envisagées
Authors: Philion Ruth , Bourassa Michelle , Saint-Pierre Isabelle , Bergeron-Leclerc Christiane
Published: January 2020

Les établissements universitaires québécois font face à une croissance de plus de 900 % des étudiants en situation de handicap (ESH). Cette situation impacte à la fois sur les services universitaires et les formateurs responsables des stages. Depuis les dix dernières années, des recherches contribuent à combler le manque de connaissances scientifiques à l’égard des mesures de soutien reliées aux cours. Mais très peu d’études, tous pays confondus, portent spécifiquement sur les accommodements en contexte de stage. Cet article rend compte d’une recherche exploratoire conduite en partenariat avec des formateurs universitaires et de terrain, et des coordonnateurs de stage. Trois programmes professionnels ont été étudiés afin de mettre en exergue les défis et les enjeux rencontrés par ces derniers dans l’accompagnement des ESH. La recherche s’oriente désormais vers l’expérimentation de ces mesures pour en évaluer l’impact et éclairer les ajustements requis.
Monstres, princesses et justicières : du féminin pluriel chez Boubacar Boris Diop
Authors: Ndiaye Christiane
Published: January 2020

Plusieurs des romans de Boubacar Boris Diop s’organisent autour d’un personnage féminin énigmatique, à la fois au centre et en marge du récit. Cet article porte en particulier sur Johanna Simentho, Khadidja et Mumbi Awele, figures d’exception dans un univers romanesque qui semble souvent incohérent. Elles jouent en effet un rôle clé dans les fables politiques des romans de Diop dont elles marquent une certaine évolution. Ainsi, alors que la reine Johanna incarne la critique du néocolonialisme, Khadidja, la conteuse, permet de questionner les mythes qui entraînent les peuples dans des guerres meurtrières. Mumbi Awele, l’artiste, se présente, dans ce contexte, comme la figure de la justicière, esquissant une voie d’issue de ces configurations traditionnelles où héros sauveurs et monstres s’affrontent continuellement.
La formation au genre des futurs enseignantes et enseignants à l’épreuve des normes et des valeurs
Authors: Guyaz Muriel , Martin Boris , Tinembart Sylviane
Published: January 2020

La présente contribution analyse les effets des modalités et des contenus de la formation au genre dispensée aux étudiantes et étudiants (300 personnes par année) de la Haute école pédagogique du canton de Vaud (Suisse) qui se destinent à l’enseignement dans les huit premiers degrés de la scolarité (élèves âgées et âgés de 4 à 12 ans). Notre intention est d’observer dans quelle mesure les concepts développés dans les enseignements dispensés sont mobilisés et compris par les étudiantes et étudiants dans le cadre de la certification.
Digital depersonalization of scientific results as an unaccounted risk of modernization of the system of scientific management in the Russian Federation
Authors: Yanik Andrey Aleksandrovich
Published: January 2020

This work explores number of unaccounted risks that immerge in the course of modernization of state management of scientific development in Russia, under the influence of a complex of circumstances of various origin. It is demonstrated that stimulation of transfer of scientific results into international citation systems, allowing solution of the current tasks of measurement and assessment of the efficiency of scientific work, is one of the links in the chain of greater process – annexation of countries to the global added value chains in the area of production and use of knowledge. Broader context reveals that digital depersonalization of scientific results in combination with the impossibility of legal protection of the ideas, theories and discoveries contained in the articles, can potentially establish a country in within the less profitable segment of the chain with maximal transaction costs. Objective downside to the multidimensional view of the global context, in which the reform of Russian science is taking place, is that it does not allow forecasting full spectrum of possible consequences at the early stages. It would seem that constant analysis of the multilevel effects, caused by the current management practice, is necessary not only for improving the quality of local solutions, but also for correction of strategies.
Human hippocampal CA3 damage disrupts both recent and remote episodic memories
Authors: Miller Thomas D , Chong Trevor T-J , Aimola Davies Anne M , Johnson Michael R , Irani Sarosh R , Husain Masud , Ng Tammy WC , Jacob Saiju , Maddison Paul , Kennard Christopher , Gowland Penny A , Rosenthal Clive R
Published: January 2020

Neocortical-hippocampal interactions support new episodic (event) memories, but there is conflicting evidence about the dependence of remote episodic memories on the hippocampus. In line with systems consolidation and computational theories of episodic memory, evidence from model organisms suggests that the cornu ammonis 3 (CA3) hippocampal subfield supports recent, but not remote, episodic retrieval. In this study, we demonstrated that recent and remote memories were susceptible to a loss of episodic detail in human participants with focal bilateral damage to CA3. Graph theoretic analyses of 7.0-Tesla resting-state fMRI data revealed that CA3 damage disrupted functional integration across the medial temporal lobe (MTL) subsystem of the default network. The loss of functional integration in MTL subsystem regions was predictive of autobiographical episodic retrieval performance. We conclude that human CA3 is necessary for the retrieval of episodic memories long after their initial acquisition and functional integration of the default network is important for autobiographical episodic memory performance.
A regulatory microRNA network controls endothelial cell phenotypic switch during sprouting angiogenesis
Authors: Rosano Stefania , Corà Davide , Parab Sushant , Zaffuto Serena , Isella Claudio , Porporato Roberta , Hoza Roxana Maria , Calogero Raffaele A , Riganti Chiara , Bussolino Federico , Noghero Alessio
Published: January 2020

Angiogenesis requires the temporal coordination of the proliferation and the migration of endothelial cells. Here, we investigated the regulatory role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in harmonizing angiogenesis processes in a three-dimensional in vitro model. We described a microRNA network which contributes to the observed down- and upregulation of proliferative and migratory genes, respectively. Global analysis of miRNA–target gene interactions identified two sub-network modules, the first organized in upregulated miRNAs connected with downregulated target genes and the second with opposite features. miR-424–5p and miR-29a-3p were selected for the network validation. Gain- and loss-of-function approaches targeting these microRNAs impaired angiogenesis, suggesting that these modules are instrumental to the temporal coordination of endothelial migration and proliferation. Interestingly, miR-29a-3p and its targets belong to a selective biomarker that is able to identify colorectal cancer patients who are responding to anti-angiogenic treatments. Our results provide a view of higher-order interactions in angiogenesis that has potential to provide diagnostic and therapeutic insights.
A bacterial Goldilocks mechanism
Authors: Kim Irene M , Szurmant Hendrik
Published: January 2020

Bacillus subtilis can measure the activity of the enzymes that remodel the cell wall to ensure that the levels of activity are ‘just right’.
Niche-proxies of Hydrocarbon-impacted Rhizosphere Soil of Weeds of Bodo in Gokana, Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Effiong E. , K. Agwa O. , O. Abu G.
Published: January 2020

Niche-ecology and isolation studies of microbes from the environment have been described as the bedrock and driving-force for bioprocess industry. This investigation was designed to determine the microbiological quality of weeds growing on aged-crude oil polluted soil.  Ten (10) weeds Cyperus esculentus, Scleria pauciflora. Asystasia gangetica Harungana madagascariensis, Ancistoclaudus tectorius, Kyllinga erecta, Cinna arundinacea, Brassica chinensis, Cyperus difformis, Kyllinga bulbosa and Brachiaria mutica and their rhizospheric soil were obtained from Bodo, Gokana LGA, Sludge farm and Botanical garden of the University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. The soil was enriched in Mineral Salt Media and Bonny Light Crude Oil, prior to the spread-plating on solidified media. Result of the analysis showed pH of soil samples ranged from 5.26-7.2; Electrical conductivity was 53.4-80.31µS/cm, and phosphate 0.74-5.35 mg/kg. Levels of Vanadium in pre-impacted rhizosoil obtained from Kyllinga erecta and Cinna arundinaceae were 0.61 and 0.70 mg/kg respectively. Moisture content of soil obtained from polluted and pristine environments were 11.75% and 17.82% respectively. Permeability indices were 9.0 describing the pristine soil to have low plasticity. Total heterotrophic bacterial count was within 3.5-8.0 Log10 Cfu/g distributed among the weed rhizospheres. Cyperus esculentus rhizosphere soil was more dominated with others like Achromobacter sp, B. lichenformis, B. anthracis, B. subtilis, B. fumari, Arthrobacter sp, Pseudomonas sp, P. aeruginosa, P. fluorescens. Fungal isolates were Aspergillus terreus, Trichoderma sp, and Fusarium sp. These findings further support the rhizosphere of plants as a rich bioresource for biomining of high throughput strains for biotechnological application.
Physiochemical, Anti-nutrient and in-vitro Protein Digestibility of Biscuits Produced from Wheat, African Walnut and Moringa Seed Flour Blends
Authors: Wabali V. C. , Giami S. Y. , Kiin-Kabari D. B. , Akusu O. M.
Published: January 2020

Biscuits were produced from wheat, African walnut and Moringa seed flour blends and chemical, physical, in-vitro protein digestibility, ant-nutrient and sensory properties of the products were evaluated. Chemical compositions of the biscuit samples revealed that sample E was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in ether extract (30.16%) and ash (4.20%) while sample F had a significantly higher protein content of 11.41%. The weight of the biscuit samples increased with increasing substitution levels with Moringa seed flour from 9.73–12.08 g. The heights of the samples were not affected by substitution levels. In-vitro protein digestibility values of the biscuits showed remarkable improvement from 11.03% for the control sample to 69.03% for sample E. Anti-nutrient content of the formulated biscuits showed that oxalate had values ranging from 18.68–35.71mg/100g, phytate 0.61–9.21mg/100g, saponin 0.46–8.41%, trypsin inhibitor 2.31–6.80mg/100g, tannin 18.68–35.71 mg/100g and cyanide 0.02–0.44mg/100g. Sensory evaluation scores showed decreasing values in flavour and overall acceptability with increased levels of substitution with Moringa seed flour (7.5–10%) in the biscuit formulation. Although, these substitution levels led to an improvement in protein content, fibre and protein digestibility of the biscuit samples.
Bio Synthesis of Zn Doped AgTe with the Help of Allium sativum Peel Powder for Bacterial Results
Authors: Karunanithy M. , Banu A. Afroos , Ragamathunnisa M. , Saravanakkumar D. , Ayeshamariam A.
Published: January 2020

Composites of Telluride are an extremely rare element most commonly used in combination with other metals to increase their machinability and bioactivity due to its mild toxic nature. Bacteria are currently used to separate a number of elements from their sources, most notably in the bioleaching of Zinc and Silver from their ores. Using biosynthesis method Zn doped AgTe materials were synthesized and characterized by using X-ray Diffractometer, Fourier Transform Spectroscopy and its applications of bacterial results. From structural studies the crystal size was nearly 52 nm, and FTIR spectrometer shows the vibrational frequency of the Zn doped AgTe NPs. Five different bacterial strains both positive and negative and its bioactivity can be measured. The results that were obtained in this research including the Zones of Inhibition (mm) for all the gram positive and gram negative bacteria that were bio assayed in this research.
Advances and Impact of Antioxidant Hydrogel in Chronic Wound Healing
Authors: Xu Zejun , Han Shuyan , Gu Zhipeng , Wu Jun
Published: January 2020

The accelerating and thorough treatment of chronic wounds still represents a major unmet medical need owing to the complex symptoms resulting from metabolic disorder of the wound microenvironment. Although numerous strategies and bioactive hydrogels are developed, an effective and widely used method of chronic wound treatment remains a bottleneck. With the aim to accelerate chronic wound healing, many hydrogel dressings with antioxidant functions have emerged and are proven to accelerate wound healing, especially for chronic wound repair. The new strategy in chronic wound treatment brought by antioxidant hydrogels is of great significance to human health. Here, the application of antioxidant hydrogels in the repair of chronic wounds is discussed systematically, aiming to provide an important theoretical reference for the further breakthrough of chronic wound healing.
Interphases, Interfaces, and Surfaces of Active Materials in Rechargeable Batteries and Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Liu Chaofeng , Yuan Jifeng , Masse Robert , Jia Xiaoxiao , Bi Wenchao , Neale Zachary , Shen Ting , Xu Meng , Tian Meng , Zheng Jiqi , Tian Jianjun , Cao Guozhong
Published: January 2020

The ever‐increasing demand for clean sustainable energy has driven tremendous worldwide investment in the design and exploration of new active materials for energy conversion and energy‐storage devices. Tailoring the surfaces of and interfaces between different materials is one of the surest and best studied paths to enable high‐energy‐density batteries and high‐efficiency solar cells. Metal‐halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are one of the most promising photovoltaic materials due to their unprecedented development, with their record power conversion efficiency (PCE) rocketing beyond 25% in less than 10 years. Such progress is achieved largely through the control of crystallinity and surface/interface defects. Rechargeable batteries (RBs) reversibly convert electrical and chemical potential energy through redox reactions at the interfaces between the electrodes and electrolyte. The (electro)chemical and optoelectronic compatibility between active components are essential design considerations to optimize power conversion and energy storage performance. A focused discussion and critical analysis on the formation and functions of the interfaces and interphases of the active materials in these devices is provided, and prospective strategies used to overcome current challenges are described. These strategies revolve around manipulating the chemical compositions, defects, stability, and passivation of the various interfaces of RBs and PSCs.
The Surface Plasmon Performance of β‐Sn/RGO Hybrid Nanostructure
Authors: Wu Han‐Han , Li Zi‐Heng , Da Peng , Cheng Sheng , Luo Pai‐Feng , Zhong Hong‐Hai , Lu Ying‐Wei
Published: January 2020

A hybrid nanostructure composing of β‐Sn nanoparticles and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) nanosheets is successfully prepared through an effective and low‐cost solvothermal method. Both optical absorption measurements and finite element simulations confirm that the dominating plasmonic resonance frequency of such hybrid nanostructure is tunable in ultraviolet region and the near‐field enhancement effect can be achieved under broadband excitations ranging from ultraviolet to visible, which can be attributed to the coupling between β‐Sn and RGO. In addition, surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) determinations and corresponding calculations confirm that such all‐IV hybrid nanostructure can serve as an SERS platform and can be an alternative candidate for other plasmonic applications.
Edge Chemistry of Armchair Graphene Nanoribbons Containing Sulfur Functional Groups: Towards an Understanding of the Spin‐Dependent Electrochemistry
Authors: López‐Urías Florentino , Fajardo‐Díaz Juan L. , Cortés‐López Alejandro J. , Rodríguez‐Corvera Cristina L. , Jiménez‐Ramírez Luis E. , Muñoz‐Sandoval Emilio
Published: January 2020

Numerous sulfur functional groups (35) attached to the edges of armchair graphene nanoribbons are investigated through the use of quantum mechanical calculations. Results for the band structure, formation energy, charge transfer, total hydrophilicity index, and electronic bandgaps are shown. The thiophene‐like functional group proved to be the most energetically stable, followed by the pyrrolic‐N‐sulfide. Typically, the sulfurized functional groups pulled out electrons from the ribbon, promoting p‐type doping. Ferromagnetic semiconducting behavior is found in thioketone, pyrrolic‐N‐sulfide, thiopyran‐like dioxide, and N‐thionyl aniline functional groups. Results for the valence band maximum and conduction band minimum energies demonstrate that thiopyran‐like dioxide is energetically favorable to remove spin‐down electrons, whereas thioketone is energetically favorable to catch spin‐down electrons. This fact gives insight into future spin‐dependent electrochemistry studies on functionalized graphite materials. Results for lithium adsorption demonstrate that the donated charge by lithium and interatomic distance between Li and the functional groups are strongly dependent on the nature of the functional group.
Historical and Institutional Perspectives on American Agricultural Development
Authors: Olmstead Alan L.
Published: January 2020

Biological innovations played a far more important role in American agricultural development than previously thought. These innovations were essential in allowing farmers to combat pests and diseases, to move the agricultural production into new environments, and to increase farm productivity. Many biological advances, especially those aimed at fighting contagious animal diseases, required unprecedented federal government interventions to overcome the free‐rider problem and to transfer new knowledge into effective public policy. Early USDA animal disease programs significantly increased productivity and trade in the livestock sector and prevented hundreds of thousands of untimely deaths in the United States from food‐borne illnesses by 1940.
High catalytic performance of the first electrospun nano‐biohybrid, Mn3O4/copper complex/polyvinyl alcohol, from Amaranthus spinosus plant for biomimetic oxidation reactions
Authors: Naeimi Atena , Ekrami‐Kakhki Mehri‐Saddat
Published: January 2020

In this study, a novel nano‐biocomposite, polyvinylalcohol/Mn3O4/water‐soluble copper complex (PVA/Mn3O4/CuWSC), was produced from Amaranthus spinosus. By combining water‐soluble copper nanocomplex and Mn3O4 nanoparticles along with polyvinyl alcohols and extracts of this plant, this bio nanomaterial was prepared via electrospinning process. This nanohybrid was characterized using transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. Based on its catalytic activities, it is considered a heterogeneous catalyst and is used for the oxidation of alcohols in industrial reactions. It can oxidize the primary and secondary alcohols to corresponding aldehyde and ketone products with high yield and excellent selectivity using H2O2 under solvent‐free conditions. The recyclability and reusability of PVA/Mn3O4/CuWSC show that it can be a promising catalyst for clean industrial catalytic applications.
New copper(II) and zinc(II) complexes based on azo Schiff base ligand: Synthesis, crystal structure, photoisomerization study and antibacterial activity
Authors: Slassi Siham , El‐Ghayoury Abdelkrim , Aarjane Mohammed , Yamni Khalid , Amine Amina
Published: January 2020

Newly synthesized mononuclear copper(II) and zinc(II) complexes containing an azo Schiff base ligand (L), prepared by condensation of 2‐hydroxy‐5‐(o‐tolyldiazenyl)benzaldehyde and propylamine, were obtained and then characterized using infrared and NMR spectroscopies, mass spectrometry and X‐ray diffraction. Ligand L behaves as a bidentate chelate by coordinating through deprotonated phenolic oxygen and azomethine nitrogen. The copper and zinc complexes crystallize in triclinic and orthorhombic systems, respectively, with space groups P−1 and Pca21. In these complexes, the Cu(II) ion is in a square planar geometry while the Zn(II) ion is in a distorted tetrahedral environment. The photochemical behaviors of ligand L, [Cu(L)2] and [Zn(L)2] were investigated. The azo group in L underwent reversibletrans–cisisomerization under UV and visible irradiation. This process was inhibited for the complexes. In addition, ligand L and its copper and zinc complexes were assessed for theirin vitroantibacterial activities against four pathogenic strains.
Enigmatic hotspot of crayfish diversity at risk: Invasive potential of non‐indigenous crayfish if introduced to New Guinea
Authors: Yonvitner Y. , Patoka Jiří , Yuliana Ernik , Bohatá Lucie , Tricarico Elena , Karella Tomáš , Kouba Antonín , Reynolds Julian D.
Published: January 2020

The large island of New Guinea has a rich indigenous astacofauna represented by numerous parastacids from the genus Cherax. The western half of the island is part of Indonesian territory.

Indonesia is known to be the main exporter of ornamental crayfish globally, and certain New Guinean species are exploited as ornamentals within the international pet trade. Moreover, one non‐indigenous species has been previously recorded being cultured in Java, Indonesia. This species, the North American Procambarus clarkii, is a vector of crayfish plague, the disease that is lethal to most parastacids. This population has already tested positive for the disease.

As the transport of non‐indigenous crayfish within the Indonesian territory is not restricted, their introduction to New Guinea can be expected. The Indonesian market was therefore surveyed for ornamental crayfish and their environmental suitability evaluated, as represented by temperature during the drought and rainy seasons in New Guinea.

Four North American and one Australian species were found advertised for sale. One of them, P. clarkii, was assessed as the most damaging species, followed by other North American species. A total ban on the culture and transport of the highest risk crayfish species in Indonesia and Papua New Guinea is recommended.
Innovative und moderne Planungsmethoden im Brückenbau
Authors: Hochmuth Markus , Nguyen Thi , Häußler Marco
Published: January 2020

Building Information Modeling (BIM) bietet sowohl während des Planens und Bauens als auch während des Betreibens eines Bauwerks die Chance, moderne Großprojekte termin‐ und kostengerecht zu realisieren. Denn über den gesamten Prozess können konsistente Daten die Effizienz und Qualität eines Bauwerks steigern.

Hier stellt insbesondere der Brückenbau eine besondere Herausforderung dar, da trotz wiederkehrender Typologie die Abhängigkeiten der einzelnen Bauteile zur Trassierung jedes Bauwerk individuell werden lassen. Diesem Problem wird mit der Parametrisierung der Bauwerksmodelle Einhalt geboten. Konkret heißt das, dass jedes Bauteil mind. eine Abhängigkeit zur Trassierung der über‐ oder unterführten Straße/Bahn anhand der Raumkurve erhält. Verändert sich die Trassierung, so passt sich auch das Bauwerk an. Diese dauerhafte Verbindung ermöglicht es auch, dass Mengen, Bauteillisten und 2‐D‐Pläne automatisch angepasst werden. Auch Abhängigkeiten der Bauteile untereinander oder zum Geländemodell sind möglich. Somit können bereits während der Planung bauwerksinterne Kollisionen vermieden werden.

Intelligente Datenmodelle können dazu beitragen, die Qualität, Effizienz und Produktivität bei der Realisierung von Bauten projektspezifisch zu steigern.

Sowohl bei der Qualitätsprüfung/‐sicherung als auch der forcierten Produktivitätssteigerung ergeben sich durch den modellbasierten Ansatz neue Möglichkeiten. So lassen sich Modelle automatisiert und regelbasiert nach verschiedenen Gesichtspunkten auswerten. Während Planungs‐, aber auch Modellierungsqualität heute oft subjektiv bewertet wird, können mithilfe von Modellen Qualitätsmerkmale erhoben werden, die eine objektivere Bewertung zulassen.

Nachdem Modelle und damit einhergehend Planungen heute mehr oder weniger manuell erstellt werden, teilautomatisiert ausgewertet und bewertet werden können, muss die Technologie im nächsten Schritt dazu genutzt werden, regelbasierte Mechanismen und Prozesse zu entwickeln, um ganze Planungen (teil‐)automatisiert zu erstellen. Hierzu stehen Technologien wie Knowledge Based Engineering und Machine Learning zur Verfügung, die in der Wissenschaft derzeit vertieft untersucht werden. Es gilt zu klären, wie diese Methoden in den Planungsalltag Einzug halten können.
Does betrayal aversion really guide trust decisions towards strangers?
Authors: Fetchenhauer Detlef , Lang Anne‐Sophie , Ehlebracht Daniel , Schlösser Thomas , Dunning David
Published: January 2020

Trust is a double‐edged sword. When warranted, it leads to positive and rewarding interactions. When not, it leads to disappointment and anger. Therefore, it has been argued that people will display “betrayal aversion” in trust situations (i.e., avoid trusting to avoid betrayal). Yet, people also feel tense and uneasy when they signal distrust to another person and thus show signs of “principled trustfulness” (i.e., choosing to trust others although being skeptical of their trustworthiness). These two theoretical orientations imply directly opposite influences on trust behavior. Thus, we conducted two laboratory studies (with a total of 841 participants) with binary trust games (implying a risk of being betrayed) and extended lottery games (implying no such risk). In both studies, we varied the payoff structures of both games. Further, we made sure that the average perceived likelihood of winning or losing money when choosing the risky option was identical in both games, as was the distribution of these likelihoods. Neither study showed any sign of betrayal aversion. Rather, participants were more willing to risk their money in the trust game than they were to invest their money in a lottery, supporting the principled trustfulness view. We discuss possible explanations why, unlike previous studies, we did not find any indication of betrayal aversion.
Hydroconversion of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5‐Dimethylfuran and 2,5‐Dimethyltetrahydrofuran over Non‐promoted Ni/SBA‐15
Authors: Chen Shuo , Ciotonea Carmen , De Oliveira Vigier Karine , Jérôme François , Wojcieszak Robert , Dumeignil Franck , Marceau Eric , Royer Sebastien
Published: January 2020

The selective hydroconversion of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to biofuels is currently highly sought‐for. While the literature has demonstrated that this reaction is possible on promoted Ni catalysts, we show here that a monometallic, non‐promoted Ni/SBA‐15 catalyst, prepared by incipient wetness impregnation, can convert HMF to 2,5‐dimethylfuran (DMF) and to 2,5‐dimethyltetrahydrofuran (DMTHF) at 180 °C, in a consecutive way. Through a control over reaction time, high yields to DMF (71 %, at conversion of 93 %) or DMTHF (97 %, at conversion of 100 %) can be achieved. Kinetic modelling suggests a preferential route to DMF via 5‐methylfurfural (MFFR) as intermediate, though the route via 2,5‐bis(hydroxylmethyl)furan (BHMF) is also present. The favored route in the experimental conditions involves the hydrogenolysis of the hydroxyl group of HMF as first step, followed by the hydrogenation of the aldehyde function, to methylfurfuryl alcohol (MFOL). It is suggested a higher reaction rate of hydrogenation or hydrogenolysis of the side group is linked to the presence of a methyl group in the molecule. No hydrogenation of the furan ring is detected on the intermediates.