bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perceived Effectiveness of Virtual Mentoring and Coaching on Teachers of English Language Learner's Pedagogical Practices During COVID-19
Authors: Singer Erin A. , Irby Beverly J. , Pugliese Elisabeth , Elfaragy Hamada , Lara-Alecio Rafael , Tong Fuhui
Published: March 2023

This mixed-method study aimed to determine teachers' perceptions of Project Massive Open Online Professional Individualized Learning (MOOPIL) Virtual Professional Development and the role it played in their pedagogical practices as they transitioned from face-to-face to online instruction during the initial months of the COVID-19 pandemic. We applied a mixed-method approach to understand the experiences of educators engaged in virtual professional development, virtual mentoring and coaching, and an online learning community during a global pandemic in the Spring of 2020. Participants reported various ways Project MOOPIL impacted their experiences as educators. Teachers' personal experiences in online learning through Project MOOPIL provided insight into the comparable experiences of students who were immersed in online education as well. Teachers reported a successful transfer of knowledge from this experience to their new distance learning domains that not only catered to the needs of English language learners (ELLs) in their classes but to native English speakers as well. Furthermore, through their participation in VPLCs and engagement in Project MOOPIL VMC, participants demonstrated the ability to access and benefit from virtual collaborative support even when life got challenging. In this study, we examined virtual professional development intersectionality, distance learning, and the needs of emergent English speakers.
The Importance of Integrating Effective Teaching Methods in Business English Classroom
Authors: Dolidze Tamar , Abesadze Anna , Harding Brandon , Leotta Paola Clara
Published: March 2023

The paper highlights the importance of integrating effective methods in teaching English for Specific Purposes, in particular Business English.  According to the survey, which includes the contribution from 48 BE instructors worldwide, the article demonstrates the significance of lexical approach, task-based and project-based learning by evaluating the outcomes of integrating them in teaching practice and beyond. The results once again confirmed the hypothesis that task-based learning, lexical approach and project-based learning are the most effective teaching methods in BE classroom. The survey consisted of both open and close-ended questions and aimed at voicing the opinion of BE Course Instructors globally. The target audience was exposed to the above-mentioned teaching methods.  At the same time, the survey provides recommendations for novice BE Lecturers on how to ensure maximal approximation to the authentic environment via practicing most useful teaching methods and making the learning process more result-driven, engaging and enjoyable.
Typology of Peri-Urban Farming Households in the Tahoua Region, Niger Republic
Authors: Moussa Dit Kalamou Mahamadou , Ludovic Andres , Boubacar Yamba , Philippe Lebailly
Published: March 2023

This paper presents a typology of peri-urban farming households in the Tahoua region of Niger. These farms are managed by peri-urban households distributed according to the agroecological zones of this region. The results were obtained from surveys conducted in five villages with 21 heads of household per village, giving 105 heads of household located in the urban communes of the Tahoua region. The objective of this paper is to highlight, through the analysis of the results, the issues of urbanization of the rural sector, marital status, level of education, granary capacity, different food productions, labor force, and composition in the peri-urban areas of the emerging and agro-ecological UBT. The study will establish a diagnosis of these areas around the secondary cities of Tahoua. The tests of normality and equality of variances allowed us to establish an ANOVA between the agroecological and emergent peri-urban zones. A high percentage of household heads have been found to be illiterate. It stands for peri-urban agricultural, agro-pastoral, and pastoral areas at 55%, 45%, and 43% respectively. Finally, the demographic pressure of the peri-urban agropastoral zone causes a decrease in the average surface areas of the plots.
Some New Challenges of Cybercrime and the Reason for Its Outdated Regulations
Authors: Nishnianidze Anri
Published: March 2023

Purpose – The purpose of the research is to show what cybercrime is and how the arsenal of cybercriminals has evolved and legal regulations that exist today no longer respond to the challenges that would make the fight against cybercrime effective. Design/methodology/approach – The author of the research searched for the latest legal and multidisciplinary literature on the issue of cybercrime. Using various scientific methods, the mentioned literature was analyzed and summarized to present the essence and problems of fighting against cybercrime. Findings – In the conditions of modern technological development, there are many benefits along with negative facts. Cyberspace is not a safe place for the majority of the population. During the search process, it appeared that, with the arrival of each new day, the arsenal of cybercriminals is getting richer, to which law enforcement agencies do not have an appropriate response. Consequently, the process of fighting cybercrime becomes difficult due to outdated legal regulations. Research limitations/implications – The research examined the latest opinions that are being debated in international legal circles. The problems that are on the agenda and which are important to solve have appeared. Accordingly, the paper offers the latest ways to correct the current situation, make recommendations and solve existing problems. Originality/value – Cyberspace is the most important space for many people, also for private and public structures. Solving the current issues on the agenda is important to make working in cyberspace safe for each person and organization.
Language convergence: problems and solutions
Authors:   the Bangladesh branch of ASE Joint Stock Company, Petrov Sergey Yu. , Bazylev Vladimir N. ,   International Scientific Journal  “Philological Sciences. Scientific Reports of the Higher School”
Published: March 2023

The article results in the study of interlanguage contacts from the point of view of convergence and divergence processes. The basis of the research is the idea that the search for an etymon is preceded by the spatial-temporal stratification of language. After eliminating the possibility of infiltration of a foreign word, the transition is made to the search for an ethymon or internal form based on the language specified in the study, in this case, the Russian language.
Once again about the French origins of Russian fables: Fable of I.I. Dmitriev “The Fly”
Authors:   Moscow Pedagogical State University, Zavgorodnii Aleksei M.
Published: March 2023

The Russian fable, being an original phenomenon, nevertheless has absorbed the experience and achievements of the ancient and European, including French, fable genre. In some fables, borrowings stand out, in others they are not so obvious or they simply do not exist. But there are cases that are not fully established. The latter include the fable of I.I. Dmitriev “The Fly”. In this article, for the first time, the real prototype of this fable is determined and its author is established with a high degree of probability. At the same time, the issue of the origin of Dmitriev’s catchphrase “we plowed”, which has repeatedly attracted the attention of writers and researchers, has also been resolved.
Artistic time in L.N. Tolstoy’s novel “Hadji Murad”
Authors:   Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Andreeva Valeria G.
Published: March 2023

The article analyzes the features and functions of artistic time in L.N. Tolstoy “Hadji Murad”. It is comprehended how the figure of Hadji Murad, with minor external adjustments made to the appearance and attitude of the protagonist in comparison with the prototype, turned out to be included in the philosophy of the writer’s life. It is shown that while working on the story, Tolstoy develops a special understanding of time associated with the development of a person’s ability to remember as a process that promotes spiritual unity. To understand the deep meanings of the work, it is necessary to correlate the story of Hadji Murad himself and his memoirs with the fact that the whole story, apart from the Prologue and the last sentence, is the author’s own recollection, supplemented by his imagination. The story of Hadji Murad is constructed according to the same type as all other scenes and episodes in aggregate: on the internal conjugation of exact dates, facts and events with poetic descriptions. The article reflects on the meaning of parallel time in the first eight chapters of the story, the problem of the writer’s choice of the beginning of the work following the poetic prologue.
“Ionych” by A.P. Chekhov and “Ionych” by F.D. Nefyodov: About one of the pretexts of the Chekhov’s story
Authors:   Ural State Pedagogical University, Kubasov Aleksandr V.
Published: March 2023

The article reveals the pretext of A.P. Chekhov’s story “Ionych. The article reveals the pretext of A.P. Chekhov’s story “Ionych”. The essay of the same name by F.D. Nefyodov was published in the “Severny Vestnik” magazine in the same year as the stories “Lights” and “Steppe”, which could have caused Chekhov’s attention to the work of the populist writer. Chekhov collaborated with the magazine and closely followed the materials published in it. He did not recognize Nefyodov as a major writer, however, he obviously remembered his ethnographic essay dedicated to the Russian Old Believers. Ten years later, Chekhov turns to someone else’s work and uses it as one of the important pretexts for his story “Ionych”. The stories of the same name by two authors are interconnected by elements of a certain similarity. Chekhov uses part of someone else’s material to realize his task — to reveal the evolution of the protagonist. Intertextual echoes of Chekhov’s story with Nefyodov’s essay help to create, as it were, a backstory for Dr. Startsev. In addition to Nefyodov’s essay, the intertext in Chekhov’s story is given by references to the works of other authors. Autointertext plays an important role in the story. Chekhov’s reliance on various pretexts is due to the stylistic nature of his work. Chekhov’s rethinking of the material of his predecessors in “Ionych” is due to the renewal of the solution to the problem of personality, which was relevant for the 90s of the 19th century.
Interpretation of historicism and features of the historical epoch in the works of I.I. Lazhechnikov “Basurman” and “Rival Mothers”
Authors:   Vyatka State University, Isupova Svetlana M.
Published: March 2023

The work is devoted to the peculiarities of Lazhechnikov’s historicism in the novel “Basurman” and in the drama “Rival Mothers”. The article attempts to conduct a parallel analysis of these works of the writer, focuses on the features of the image of the historical era and the image of Ivan III. It is noted that Lazhechnikov presents the concept of history not only in historical novels of the 1830s, but in dramatic works of the late period. The features of the writer’s historicism are connected with the close proximity to the views of Karamzin, however, throughout his creative career, Lazhechnikov develops his concept of “poetry of history”, the writer’s historicism deepens. Lazhechnikov comes to understand the past as the prehistory of his time, seeks to create characters motivated by the era, which he especially succeeded in depicting the personality of Ivan III.
New approach to pathogenesis and treatment of trophycal ulcers
Authors: Musayeva Arzu M.
Published: March 2023

Introduction. Trophic ulcers are one of the most common medical ailments worldwide. Treatment of patients with trophic ulcers is difficult not only because they often recur, but also because they are difficult to treat.Purpose. Study the clinical features and present our own results of combined methods of treatment of trophic ulcers of venous etiology.Materials and methods. The study involved 100 patients with trophic ulcers of the lower extremities of venous, diabetic and atherosclerotic etiology, who had a history and were treated for varicose veins of the lower extremities and post-thrombotic disease. Examination of patients included questionnaires, clarification of complaints, anamnesis data, causes of development, examination and ultrasound diagnostics (duplex examination). The examination of the ulcer included determining the location, size, appearance, base of the wound, the level of exudation and assessment of the condition of the skin around the defect.Results. The etiological factors in the development of trophic ulcers were: varicose disease with chronic venous insufficiency – 25 patients, post-thrombotic disease – 55 patients. All patients underwent only conservative treatment of trophic venous ulcers with the appointment of a placenta compositum. After the treatment of a group of patients, out of 100 patients with venous trophic ulcers, 89% were cured within 4 months, 8% were cured within 2 years, and in 3 % ulcers did not heal for more than two years. The average duration of the course of ulcers was 12 months. The average size of trophic ulcers based on the results of the analysis was 8 cm2. Complete healing of venous ulcers was most often observed in the age group 61–73 years in 30% patients.Conclusion. The use of the compositum placenta contributed to the acceleration of wound healing, which made it possible to obtain more effective results.
Autonome Mobilität – The Next Big Thing? : Implikationen für die Geschäftsmodelle von morgen
Authors: Brugger Daniel , Teichert Matthias
Published: March 2023

Die Mobilitätswelt befindet sich aktuell an der Schwelle zu einem großen Umbruch. Die zunehmende Einführung der E-Mobilität, die Entstehung neuer Geschäftsmodelle, das Eintreten neuer Akteure in den Markt der Mobilität sowie die gesteigerte Relevanz von Software und Daten sind die Vorboten eines bevorstehenden Systemwechsels. Der entscheidende Kipppunkt steht jedoch noch aus. Mit der Einführung autonomer Mobilitätslösungen und dem einhergehenden Wechsel vom Piloten zum Passagier wird sich die Mobilitätslandschaft fundamental wandeln. Im Rahmen von Experteninterviews (N = 75) wurden sechs Aspekte dieses Wandels detaillierter beleuchtet: (a) Betreiber und Betreiberkonzepte; (b) Kostenstrukturen und -entwicklungen; (c) Akzeptanz für ausgewählte Mobilitätsangebote (d) Stellenwert von Individualität und Exklusivität; (e) Entwicklungen im Vertrieb bzw. in der Bereitstellung; (f) Geschäftsmodelle mit den Schwerpunkten: (i) Hardware; (ii) Software; (iii) Daten; (iv) Betrieb; (v) Energie/Infrastruktur; (vi) Dual Use. Aufgrund dieser Vielzahl an Handlungsfeldern sind die aktuell zu beobachtenden Entwicklungen mit einem hohen Unsicherheitsfaktor behaftet. Es ist jedoch davon auszugehen, dass sich die Tendenzen des Wandels in den nächsten Jahren klarer herauskristallisieren und die regionalen sowie nationalen Grundrichtungen vorgeben werden.
Nachhaltigkeit in der Textil- und Bekleidungsindustrie : Eine empirische Untersuchung des Einsatzes von Textilsiegeln
Authors: Heusinger Josepha , Felch Vanessa
Published: March 2023

Der Einsatz von Siegeln in verschiedenen Branchen ist seit einigen Jahren in den Fokus der Wissenschaft und Praxis gerückt. Dabei weisen Textilsiegel nicht den gleichen Erfolg wie Siegel aus anderen Bereichen auf. In Verbindung mit der Tatsache, dass die Textil- und Bekleidungsindustrie in Deutschland eine der entscheidendsten Konsumgüterbranchen darstellt, soll im Verlauf dieses Artikels die Wirksamkeit von Textilsiegeln als Informationsinstrument innerhalb Deutschlands genauer untersucht werden. Die Ergebnisse veranschaulichen, dass die Effektivität von in Deutschland gängigen Textilsiegeln in der Praxis bislang unzureichend ist. Dies ist vor allem auf das Problem des mangelnden Informationsstandes der Verbraucher zurückzuführen.
Infecções sistêmicas por Streptococcus gordonii e a correlação com a saúde oral: um levantamento de casos na literatura
Authors: Póvoa Pedro Antunes , Motta Isabelle Christine de Moraes , Oliveira Guilherme Goulart Cabral
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão de literatura, com o levantamento dos relatos de casos descrevendo os sintomas, história médica e odontológica e a condição oral avaliada nos pacientes com infecções onde Streptococcus gordonii foi identificado como agente etiológico. Métodos: A busca bibliográfica foi realizada nas bases de dados PubMed, SciELO e LILACS, com as palavras-chave “streptococcus gordonii” e “infection”. Com artigos publicados nos últimos 10 anos. Resultados: Dos 32 relatos incluídos na revisão, 21 relataram endocardite, 2 espondilodiscite, 3 artrites sépticas, 1 bacteremia, 1 osteoartrite, 1 abscesso mamário, 1 abscesso na região do quadril, 1 enfisema torácico, 1 tromboflebite, 1 granuloma palpebral ulcerativo, 1 aneurisma micótico. Apenas 8 realizaram exame, ou avaliação da condição oral dos pacientes e 7 coletaram dados referentes à história odontológica pregressa. Conclusão: De acordo com a revisão realizada, quadros infecciosos associados ao S. gordonii são considerados incomuns. Se tratando de um microrganismo comumente isolado em cavidade oral, a investigação sobre tratamentos odontológicos prévios pode ser um fator que contribuiria para o diagnóstico. Todavia, em decorrência do número reduzido de informações sobre a condição oral do paciente e a falta de investigações mais aprofundada, não pôde ser possível concluir a associação da presença de infecções orais como fator de risco para o desenvolvimento de doenças invasivas pelo S. gordonii.
Дослідження процесу відтворення елементів доповненої реальності
Authors: Баранова Дарина Іванівна
Published: March 2023

Первинним етапом процесу відтворення елементів доповненої реальності є розпізнавання надрукованих зображень-маркерів та відтворення віртуальних об’єктів, зашифрованих у них, на екрані пристроїв. AR-маркером може бути будь-що — від чорно-білого простого зображення до складних візуальних об’єктів, наприклад, 3D-моделі. Відтворювані елементи можна назвати елементами доповненої реальності. Дуже важливо, аби при їх розробленні було враховано усі умови використання AR-продукції у майбутньому. Особливо це стосується продукції з нестабільними умовами використання (одяг, паковання, вулична реклама). Ця робота присвячена дослідженню особливостей та ступеню впливу різноманітних параметрів на процес відтворення AR-елементів. За допомогою експертного оцінювання проведено дослідження з оцінюванням вагомості впливу факторів на процес відтворення маркерів з побудовою діаграми Парето. Встановлено основні групи факторів, що впливають на досліджуваний процес. Серед них були визначені такі, як параметри апаратного та програмного забезпечення, характеристики задруковуваних матеріалів та інформації, що наповнюватиме елемент, особливості обраної технології та роботи персоналу, параметри контролю якості та умови використання продукції з доповненою реальністю. Найбільш вагомими параметрами виявилися технологія, умови використання, інформація, апаратне забезпечення та матеріали. Найменш вагомими є програмне забезпечення та робота персоналу. На основі отриманих результатів розроблено причинно-наслідкову діаграму, що дозволить враховувати найбільш вагомі фактори для удосконалення процесу репродукування поліграфічної продукції з AR-елементами. Результати її побудови підтвердили результати діаграми Парето, оскільки гілки матеріали, технологія, умови використання продукції з доповненою реальністю та апаратне забезпечення є найбільш розгалудженими, що підтверджує їх вплив. Найменш розгалудженими є гілки робота персоналу та програмне забезпечення, що також підтверджує отримані результати.
Прикладне Фур’є програмування для метрологічного контролю поліграфічних матеріалів для паковання
Authors: Карачевцев Артем Олегович , Горський Михайло Петрович , Зенкова Клавдія Юріївна , Морфлюк-Щур Вікторія Валеріївна , Дуболазов Олександр Володимирович , Слоцька Лілія Станіславівна , Довгунь Андрій Ярославович , Ватаманіца Едгар Вадимович
Published: March 2023

Наведено матеріали аналітичного огляду та експериментального застосування нового поляриметричного методу Фур’є алгоритмічної обробки поляризаційних зображень оптично неоднорідних мереж полімерних шарів. Ідея такого методу включає наступні етапи: «пряме Фур’є-перетворення» — «просторово-частотну фільтрацію» — «зворотне Фур’є-перетворення» оптичних поляризаційних зображень полімерного шару. Актуальність даної роботи обумовлена необхідністю розробки новітніх методів Стокс-поляриметрії шляхом використання кореляційної просторово-частотної фільтрації у диференціації проявів різних механізмів фазової анізотропії полікристалічних мереж полімерних матеріалів пакувальної продукції. Зокрема, робота спрямована на вивчення механізмів формування координатних розподілів азимуту та еліптичності поляризації об’єктних полів лазерного випромінювання, сформованих лінійно та циркулярно поляризованими полікристалічними мережами поліетилену у граничній зоні та Фур’є-площині. З метою обрахунку основних взаємозв’язків між оптико-геометричними характеристиками поляризаційно-неоднорідних просторово впорядкованих мереж полімеру та координатними розподілами азимутів та еліптичності поляризації у Фур’є-площині проведено комп’ютерне моделювання. Як поляризаційно-неоднорідні об’єкти полімерних сіток використано два типи об’єктів. Перший тип являв собою мережу двопроменезаломлюючих циліндрів, які впорядковані за напрямом оптичних осей і розташовані в одній площині. Другий тип об’єктів — ансамбль двопроменезаломлюючих куль, центри яких знаходяться в одній площині. Запропоновано та аналітично обґрунтовано уніфіковану модель полімерного шару, яка є суперпозицією лінійного та циркулярного двопроменезаломлення. Запропоновано використання статистичного аналізу (статистичні моменти 1-го–4-го порядку) координатних розподілів станів поляризації у Фур’є-площині поля лазерного випромінювання розсіяного віртуальними (модельними) полікристалічними мережами. Продемонстровано механізм формування поляризаційно-неоднорідної структури Фур’є-образів поляризаційних зображень моделей оптико-анізотропних неоднорідних кристалів. Визначено основні залежності сукупності статистичних моментів від оптико-геометричних показників віртуальних упорядкованих циліндрів та куль.
Дослідження якості персоніфікованої захищеної від підроблення пластикової продукції
Authors: Киричок Тетяна Юріївна , Назаренко Олена Володимирівна , Бараускєне Оксана Іванівна , Долошко Тетяна Андріївна , Матусяк Едуард Вікторович
Published: March 2023

Сьогодні майже в кожної людини є пластикова картка рекламного характеру (дисконтна) і персоніфікована (паспорт громадянина, банківська картка) тощо. Таке широке застосування в обігу вимагає досліджень нових матеріалів, технологій, обладнання, встановлення відповідних параметрів при виготовленні. Мета дослідження дослідити виготовлення пластикової картки на прикладі паспорту вакцинації, який містить захисну сітку та гільйоши, захисний елемент у виді «Келих Гігеї», фото власника паспорта, місце для безконтактного чипу марки Infenion, QR-код який містить інформацію про вакцинацію, номер документа в базі реєстру. Запропоновано технологію виготовлення персоніфікованої захищеної від підроблення пластикової продукції: офсетний друк — офсетними фарбами із захисними властивостями і фарбами кольорами із каталогу Pantone, трафаретний друк — фарбами OVI, ретротрансферний термодрук, а як матеріал викоористано інлей з чипом Infenion серія 78, нелазероактивна прозора плівка, полікарбонат білий нелазероактивний.
На основі життєвого циклу розроблено методику і проведено експериментальні дослідження впливу хімічних речовин на здатність картки опору деградації в результаті взаємодії з хімічними речовинами; стабільність розмірів і вигин картки під дією температури та вологи; злипання; вигин картки; жорсткість при згинанні; динамiчна напруга при згинанні; динамiчне скручування; непрозорість; стійкість до розшаровування. Всі досліджувані параметри знаходяться в межах нормованих значень. Визначено, що найменш стабільним показником для карток з безконтактним чипом є стійкість до відшарування, найбільш вразливою є зона розміщення чипу.
Recombinant Probiotic Preparations: Current State, Development and Application Prospects
Authors: Khablenko Anna , Danylenko Svetlana , Yalovenko Olena , Duhan Olexii , Potemskaia Oksana , Prykhodko Dmytro
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the latest achievements in the field of research, development, and implementation of various types of medicinal products based on recombinant probiotics. The benefits of probiotics, their modern use in medicine along with the most frequently used genera and species of probiotic microorganisms were highlighted. The medicinal and therapeutic activities of the studied probiotics were indicated. The review suggests various methods of creating recombinant probiotic microorganisms, including standard genetic engineering methods, as well as systems biology approaches and new methods of using the CRISPR-Cas system. The range of potential therapeutic applications of drugs based on recombinant probiotics was proposed. Special attention was paid to modern research on the creation of new, more effective recombinant probiotics that can be used for various therapeutic purposes. Considering the vast diversity of therapeutic applications of recombinant probiotics and ambiguous functions, their use for the potential treatment of various common human diseases (non-infectious and infectious diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, metabolic disorders, and allergic conditions) was investigated. The prospects for creating different types of vaccines based on recombinant probiotics together with the prospects for their implementation into medicine were considered. The possibilities of using recombinant probiotics in veterinary medicine, particularly for the prevention of domestic animal diseases, were reviewed. The prospects for the implementation of recombinant probiotics as vaccines and diagnostic tools for testing certain diseases as well as modeling the work of the human digestive system were highlighted. The risks of creation, application, including the issues related to the regulatory sphere regarding the use of new recombinant microorganisms, which can potentially enter the environment and cause unforeseen circumstances, were outlined.
Optical Characteristics of Silver Nanoparticles Obtained Using Artemisia tilesii Ledeb. "Hairy" Root Extracts With High Flavonoid Content
Authors: Bohdanovych Taisa , Matvieieva Nadiia
Published: March 2023

Background. "Hairy" roots can be used for production of plant-derived secondary metabolites, such as flavonoids, which have antioxidant and reducing properties. It seems promising to use the process of silver nanoparticles formation as a method of determining the level of reducing power. This approach allows simul­taneously to obtain nanoparticles with different biological activity and evaluate the reducing potential of dif­ferent plants.
Objective. The aim of the study was to determine the dependence of optical properties (ultraviolet/visible spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectra) of solutions of silver nanoparticles obtained using wormwood "hairy" root extracts on the content of flavonoids as compounds with reducing activity.
Methods. Four Artemisia tilesii “hairy” root lines from the collection of the Institute of Cell Biology and Genetic Engineering NAS of Ukraine were grown for five weeks in liquid 1/2 MS medium with 20 g/l sucrose. "Hairy" roots were homogenized in 70% ethanol, the extracts were centrifuged, total flavonoid content was determined, and extracts were used for the silver nanoparticles preparation via reduction of Ag+ to Ag0 from AgNO3. UV-Vis spectra at 300–600 nm range were recorded right after colloid solution preparation, in five, and in nine days.
Results. Total flavonoid content varied from 4.01 ± 0.39 to 15.37 ± 1.08 mg RE/g FW. The UV-Vis spectra curves of absorption increased with the course of time, mostly from day 0 to day 5. At this period, absorption at 370–500 nm wavelength increased almost twofold. The peak absorption of all samples was detected at 440 nm, and the maximum values at the wavelength of 440 nm correlated with the content of flavonoids. This correlation did not change over time.
Conclusions. The optical properties of silver nanoparticles colloid solutions obtained using A. tilesii "hairy" root extracts correlated with the total flavonoid content of the samples. Even though the absorbance of the colloid solutions increased with time, those increases correlated with flavonoid content as well. The determination of the optical properties of AgNPs colloid solution can be used as a convenient way of quickly comparing the reducing ability of extracts both right after the formation of a colloidal solution and after some time of its storage.
Enhancement of high-quality cinnamon quill production through agronomic approaches: a review
Authors: Aluthgamage Hashitha Nayananjalee , Fonseka D.L.C. Kumari , Nakandalage Niluka
Published: March 2023

Cinnamon is a well-recognized invaluable spice used worldwide throughout centuries for numerous purposes. Sri Lankan history has been greatly influenced by the cinnamon trade as the birthplace of this valuable crop. Even today, cinnamon plays an important role in the Sri Lankan economy, being the fourth export agricultural crop that acquires a considerable amount of foreign exchange to the country. Although a considerable amount of foreign exchange is earned through the cinnamon trade, the existing potential is still under-exploited. Low productivity of cinnamon lands and lower-grade cinnamon quills have been identified as major bottlenecks to prevent reaching the potential income. The majority of cinnamon is exported as quills. Therefore, the objective of this review was to gather available literature and formulate a comprehensive analysis of three main aspects considering the quantitative and qualitative enhancement of cinnamon quill production, namely yield indices, bush architecture, and type of planting materials. According to the literature, the productivity of cultivations can be enhanced by optimizing one or more yield indices of cinnamon. At the same time, stems suitable for producing higher-grade quills can be obtained by optimizing the bush architecture. Simultaneously, the optimum conditions for higher productivity and quality can differ for seedlings and vegetatively propagated plants.
Legal Status of Cryptocurrency Circulation in Iraq: Lessons from the United Arab Emirates and the United States
Authors: Atiyah Ghassan Adhab , Manap Nazura Abdul , Aziz Saidatul Nadia Abd
Published: March 2023

The philosophical emergence of cryptocurrencies is a consequence of the desire to get rid of the authorities’ control of the monetary system, which encouraged people to deal with it for investment or to facilitate the fulfilment of their financial obligations. The research problem is represented through the lack of legislation that regulates dealing with cryptocurrencies in Iraq. There are many technical, legal, and security risks for the use and circulation of cryptocurrency, which must be legally addressed and suitable solutions found. Therefore, this article aims to examine and analyse the legal status of cryptocurrencies in selected jurisdictions through multiple stages, from prohibition to licensing and regulation. This article adopted a qualitative approach to analyse the legal status of cryptocurrency in the selected jurisdictions. The study finding shows that the Iraqi authorities do not have the technical or legal means to prevent the illegal use of cryptocurrencies. In addition, there is a large legislative gap with the developed countries, and lawmakers need to regulate cryptocurrencies by enacting laws to protect people from falling victim to fraud.
The Impact of Indonesia's Mining Industry Regulation on the Protection of Indigenous Peoples
Authors: Jamin Mohammad , Jaelani Abdul Kadir , Mulyanto Mulyanto , Kusumaningtyas Reza Octavia , Ly Duc Quang
Published: March 2023

The government has established various policies regarding mining in Indonesia. Still, an important question that needs to be asked is whether these policies have provided benefits, justice, and balance for indigenous and tribal peoples. This study aims to analyze the impact of Indonesian mining regulations on the protection of indigenous peoples. This is a normative legal research effort. The literature review gathers information from document analysis, which is analyzed qualitatively. Data analysis is descriptive-analytic in nature. The study results show that the impact of mining regulations still needs to reflect the recognition and protection of the rights of indigenous peoples. There is a need to improve mining management legislation and systems. Standardization of reclamation and post-mining management is required to provide implementation guidelines that meet the needs of the community. It has no negative impact on the community surrounding the mine. Licensing is one policy that can be used to implement standardization, which means keeping an eye on how the land is managed after mining, how waste is handled, and how policies are made to encourage mining and conservation activities that are good for the environment.
EVALUATION OF RELATIVE WEAR OF FRICTION SURFACES OF DISC BRAKE MECHANISMS OF PASSENGER CARS
Authors: Nazarov Alexander , Krivoshapov Sergey , Sergienko Nikolay
Published: March 2023

The article provides a search and analysis of the design parameters of disc brake mechanisms that provide regulated braking efficiency and wear resistance of friction pairs in order to increase their durability. To assess the relative wear of the friction surfaces of the disc brake mechanisms of passenger cars, an assessment was made of the parameters that can characterize the wear of the interface. On the example of Lanos passenger cars, the possibilities of prospects for further calculation of the coefficients of wear resistance of materials of friction bodies using generalized mathematical models, such as a model of wear of friction pairs of disc brakes, including the design parameters of friction surfaces, the magnitude of the drive pressure, the initial braking speed of the car and the braking time, are considered. wear occurs
EVALUATION ANALYSIS OF THE RUNNING SYSTEM SOIL INTERACTION OF WHEELED AGRICULTURAL TRACTORS
Authors: Rebrov Oleksii , Kalchenko Boris , Yakunin Maksym , Makarov Volodymyr , Buchko Ihor , Rebrova Olena , Artiushenko Oleksandr , Leonenko Alexander
Published: March 2023

The article provides an evaluative analysis of the wheeled agricultural tractor’s running systems soil interaction. A sample of more than 600 MFWD tractors of the world's leading manufacturers was subject to analysis. To determine the parameters of the maximum soil pressure, the value of the footprint gross flat plate area is applied, assuming that the tires are operated under conditions characterized by the speed index A6 with a significant torque for a long time. It is obtained the calculated function of the probability distribution of the maximum pressure on the soil of a sample of modern wheeled tractors with a fixed location of the centre of gravity (weight distribution). The designed arrangement of the centre of gravity of tractors by groups with the corresponding rolling circumference indexes difference ΔRCI =4...9 was analysed. It was established that for general and universal purpose tractors with ΔRCI = 4...6 the most common weight distribution coefficient is 0.40 or 0.44. For special (utility) tractors with ΔRCI = 7...9, the most common weight distribution coefficient is 0.45...0.46. An analysis of the maximum soil pressure in a wide range of the traction force of the tractor while maintaining a constant optimal weight distribution, which depends on the ratio of the footprint gross flat plate area of the front and rear tires, was carried out. The analysis showed that maintaining a constant optimal weight distribution during traction operations makes it possible to reduce the maximum pressure on the soil by 8...40 kPa. This makes it possible to increase the part of the territory of Ukraine, where modern wheeled tractors with single tires can be operated without violating agro-ecological requirements, by 14%.
ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE SPECIFIC PRESSURE ON THE MOVEMENT RESISTANCE OF SELF-PROPELLED TRACKED MACHINES WITH SMOOTH TRACKS
Authors: Kalinin Evgeny , Koliesnik Ivan , Kolodnenko Vitalii
Published: March 2023

The paper analyzes the influence of the design parameters of the crawler motor on the operational and environmental parameters of general-purpose tractors. A mathematical model of the dynamics of the crawler motor and its influence on the support surface is developed. Analysis of research results shows that an increase in specific pressure leads to an increase in the coefficient of movement resistance. The intensity of changes in the forces of movement resistance increases with an increase in specific pressure due to an increase in the soil deformation component
DYNAMIC METHOD OF EVALUATING THE PERFORMANCE OF A TRACTOR UNIT
Authors: Lebedev Anatoliy , Shuliak Mykhailo , Kholodov Anton
Published: March 2023

The article presents dynamic methods for assessing the performance of a tractor unit, substantiates the dependence of transient processes of a tractor in an unsteady mode of operation. The performance of tractor units provides for an assessment of the ability to perform the specified functions that meet the requirements of regulatory and technical documentation. It is proposed to evaluate the performance of the tractor units when its technical condition changes by the magnitude and direction of the deviation of the center of gravity of the real transient process from the reference model. Express methods for diagnosing the steering and braking systems of a tractor are presented. The proposed express method of diagnosing the steering of the tractor allows you to carry out diagnostics with the least amount of time without the presence of a special platform. For diagnosing brake systems of tractors, a new indicator - the growth rate of deceleration - has been proposed as a diagnostic tool
TO THE MODERNIZATION OF HYDRAULIC FLUID POWER OF WHEEL EARTH MACHINE BASED ON HTZ TRACTORS
Authors: Avrunin Grygoriy , Rebrov Oleksii , Pimonov Igor , Shcherbak Oleg , Moroz Irina
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the article is to scientifically search for the possibility of replacing mechanical drives of a chain working body and a rotary soil thrower of an earth-moving trenching machine with a hydraulic fluid power in order to increase reliability and effective protection against overloads.Studies have been carried out on the load characteristics of earth-moving machines of the PZM-2 (3) type and an assessment of the possibility of replacing the rotation of the chain working body and the rotary thrower of the dumped soil with the selection of hydraulic motors and pumps for a hydraulic fluid power. Hydraulic actuators must provide operation during the starting mode, minimal power loss during idling and effective protection in the event of a sudden stop of thehydraulic motors due to overloads.As a result of the calculations, it was found that for the hydraulic fluid power of the chain working body earthmoving trencher, high-torque low-speed radial piston hydraulic motors of single or multiple action with a working volume of 1800 ... 2500 cm3, as well as high-speed axial piston hydraulic motors with planetary gearboxes, for a rotary thrower of dumped soil, gerotor hydraulic motors with a working volume of about 200 cm3. The hydraulic motors required by the workingvolume are mass-produced by a number of foreign companies. To supply the working fluid to the hydraulic motors, axial piston tandem pumps with adjustable displacement, which are produced by the Hydrosila plant, are recommended.The results of the research can be used in the development of a new generation of earth-moving trenching machines when replacing the mechanical drive of the chain working body and the thrower of the dump soil with a hydraulic fluid power.
MODERN PROBLEMS OF ENERGY SAVING OF GENERAL PURPOSE TRACTORS
Authors: Lebedev Anatoliy , Shuliak Mykhailo , Raputa Vadim
Published: March 2023

The article based on well-known publications summarizes the results of research on the energy saving of generalpurpose tractors, based on the analysis of the specific traction resistances of agricultural machines aggregated with the tractor. The well-known method of estimating the resistance to the movement of agricultural machines based on the acceleration of the tractor acceleration is analyzed. The unsolved problem of energy saving of the tractor unit with GPS in the precision farming system is formulated. The energy saving of the tractor is considered to be one of the most costeffective, for the assessment of which the various publications have suggested different methods. But they is not primed on the method of assigning specific work (on unit of work) to fuel consumption a tractor unit, even when we are has the information of elemental energy consumption. It is recommended to evaluate the energy consumption of the tractor during the technological process behind the traction resistance of the machines by the difference in the acceleration of the tractor acceleration.
ANALYSIS IN DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSMISSIONS FOR MODERN WHEELED TRACTORS
Authors: Kozhushko Andrii , Danylenko Vitalii , Selevich Sergey
Published: March 2023

The increase in the production of agricultural food products leads to the creation of energy-rich wheeled tractors, which are able to realize the power of the engine by increasing the speed of movement (productivity) or traction characteristics. But this direction of development has a counterbalance in environmental protection actions. So, in the European Union, emissions of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, solid particles, etc. are limited for off - road vehicles. The outlined directions of development are of a contradictory nature, so tractor manufacturers are trying to create transmission units designed to meet the performance and environmental needs of a wheeled tractor. Therefore, the material of this article aims to analyze the technical solutions of the world's tractor manufacturers in the construction of transmissions of wheeled tractors. When solving the set goal, a technique was used, which involved analysis by the method of torque transformation (stepped and stepless) and the principle of action (mechanical, hydraulic, electric). As a result, the models of such tractor manufacturers as: Case IH, Claas, Deutz-Fahr, Fendt, John Deere, Massey Ferguson, New Holland, Steyr, Valtra were analyzed. The practical significance of the work lies in the provision of recommendations on current technologies for the construction of transmissions of wheeled tractors.
Distance matrix for a set of structural description components as a tool for image classifier creating
Authors: Gorokhovatskyi Volodymyr , Peredrii Olena , Tvoroshenko Iryna , Markov Taras
Published: March 2023

The subject of the paper is the methods of image classification in computer vision systems. The goal is the further development of structural classification methods in terms of introducing a system of classification features based on the values of the distance matrix for multidimensional description components. Applied methods: AKAZE keypoint detector, set theory and vector spaces methods, metric models for determining relevance for a set of multidimensional vectors, theory of data distribution formation, elements of probability theory, software modeling. Results: modifications of the image classification method based on the implementation of the formalism of distance matrices for a set of description components have been developed, integration models for the formation of classification features and actions on sets of vectors based on the distance matrix have been proposed, metric features of a set of multidimensional vectors as classification features have been established. The effectiveness of the developed modifications of the classifier depends on the choice of a subset and the number of descriptors in the description, a measure for comparing descriptions. Based on the introduction of the distance matrix, it was possible to form built-in features in the form of one-dimensional data distributions and reduce computational costs while ensuring the effectiveness of classification on the training data set. The practical significance of the work is the formation of classification models based on the distance matrix, confirming the performance of the proposed modifications using image examples, and creating a software application that applies the proposed classifiers in computer vision.
SIMULATION OF RANDOM EXTERNAL DISTURBANCE ACTING ON THE CAR BODY IN THE URGENT BRAKING MODE
Authors: Aleksandrov Eugene , Aleksandrova Tetiana , Kostianyk Iryna , Morgun Yaroslav
Published: March 2023

Topicality. When creating ESP (Electronic Stability Program) car stability systems, the main task is to determine the values of the varied parameters of the EBD (Electronic Brake Distribution) electronic block, which ensure the required accuracy of stabilization of the car body in urgent braking mode relative to the given direction of movement. The purpose of the article. To solve the problem of parametric synthesis of the EBD block, it is necessary to create a simulation model of external disturbances acting on the car body from the side of the road surface. Well-known simulation models are created for car movement modes on a random surface with a constant speed. At the same time, random external disturbances are stationary in nature. The urgent braking mode is characterized by an intense decrease in the current speed of the car. Results. The paper proposes a method of constructing a random function of an external disturbance acting on the car body in urgent braking mode. It is proved that this perturbation is non-stationary in nature; the forming dynamic link, the input of which is supplied with single "white noise", and the output of which is an external disturbance, is an oscillating dynamic link, the gain  and time constants of which depend on the current value of the car's speed during urgent braking.
OPTIMIZATION OF A BASIC NETWORK IN AUDIO ANALYTICS SYSTEMS
Authors: Poroshenko Anton , Kovalenko Andriy
Published: March 2023

Relevance. The sound is a source of data that provides information necessary for survival and warns of potential dangers. Audio analytics solutions allows detecting and responding in time to illegal actions and violations of the law, which are accompanied by appropriate sounds. Therefore, the problem of reducing delays in the transmission of audio streams in network-based systems of audio analytics becomes relevant. The object of research is the process of audio signals transmitting. The subject of the research is mathematical models of audio and video streams transmission in network systems. The purpose of this paper is to develop an approximate method for quickly solving optimization equations for a network of connecting links and to assess the adequacy of the developed method. Research results. A method for selecting the network structure of the audio analytics system is proposed. The optimization of the network structure of audio analytics system under non-ordinary Poisson load is presented. The optimization of the basic network of audio analytics system was studied according to the cost criterion. Comparisons of the optimization results shows that the given link distribution options are not significantly different from each other and are close in cost.