bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NGHIÊN CỨU TÍNH KHÁNG KHÁNG SINH CỦA MỘT SỐ LOÀI VI KHUẨN GÂY BỆNH PHÂN LẬP ĐƯỢC TẠI BỆNH VIỆN SẢN NHI NGHỆ AN NĂM 2021
Authors: Xuân Hải Tăng , Minh Long Trần , Văn Hùng Nguyễn , Văn Tuấn Nguyễn
Published: April 2022

Mục tiêu: Xác định tỷ lệ phân bổ các loại vi khuẩn gây bệnh phân lập được và đánh giá mức độ đề kháng kháng sinh của các vi khuẩn thường gặp. Phương pháp: Thiết kế nghiên cứu hồi cứu mô tả cắt ngang tất cả các chủng vi khuẩn phân lập được từ các loại bệnh phẩm của bệnh nhân điều trị từ ngày 01/01/2021 đến ngày 30/09/2021 tại khoa Vi sinh và các khoa lâm sàng của bệnh viện Sản Nhi Nghệ An. Kết quả: Tỷ lệ phân lập được vi khuẩn chung toàn viện là 11,4% với 25 chủng vi khuẩn gây bệnh. Tỷ lệ mẫu âm tính chiếm phần lớn 88,6%. Trong đó H. influenzae (29%) và S. aureus (26,8%) là 2 tác nhân thường gặp nhất chiếm hơn 50% số chủng vi khuẩn phân lập được tại bệnh viện. Bên cạnh đó, S. pneumoniae chiếm 12,5% và một số vi khuẩn gây bệnh thường gặp khác là Klebsiella spp. (8,7%) (gồm chủ yếu là K. pneumoniae), Streptococcus agalactiae (5,4%), E. coli (5,3%), P. aeruginosa (3,8%), Candida spp. (2,7%). Các vi khuẩn H.influenzae, S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, Klebsiella spp., E. coli có tình trạng đề kháng kháng sinh cao trong khi P.aeruginosa còn nhạy cảm rất tốt với nhiều kháng sinh. Kết luận: Tác nhân thường gặp nhất là H.influenzae, S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, Klebsiella spp., E. coli và P.aeruginosa. Các vi khuẩn H.influenzae, S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, Klebsiella spp., E. coli có tình trạng đề kháng kháng sinh cao trong khi P.aeruginosa còn nhạy cảm rất tốt với nhiều kháng sinh
Amor à Vida ou Amor à Morte, Reflexão sobre a Pedagogia do Coronavírus
Authors: Ivamilson Silva Barbalho José
Published: April 2022

Vivenciamos um momento chamado também de normalidade da exceção, quando o sistema neoliberal se impôs como modelo de economia financeira ao mundo, desde os anos de 1980. No cenário atual, face aos problemas advindos da situação provocada pela pandemia da Covid-19, pessoas e instituições foram afetadas em suas rotinas cotidianas. Temos, então, de maneira macro, um estado de excepcionalidade. O desafio tem sido encontrar formas diversas de reorganizar – no plano da convivência, lazer e trabalho – as relações sociais, quanto à falta de “normalidade”. Afetados pelo desequilíbrio financeiro, distúrbios emocionais, desorganização política ou interrupção de serviços, a crise pandêmica coloca em xeque, para todas as instituições, a necessidade de encontrar respostas quanto à produção de conhecimentos que poderão auxiliar no enfrentamento do Coronavírus. Esse estudo, de caráter teórico e analítico, busca refletir, suscintamente, numa perspectiva ética e sócio-antropológica, possibilidades de respostas acerca de algumas situações colocadas pela Covid-19, no contexto brasileiro.
The coffee supply chain illustrates transboundary climate risks: Insights on governance pathways
Authors:   Stockholm Environment Institute, Dzebo Adis , Adams Kevin M. ,   Stockholm Environment Institute
Published: April 2022

The interconnections between countries in a globalizing world continue to deepen and are central to the modern international economy. Yet, governance efforts to build resilience to the adverse risks and impacts of climate change are highly fragmented and have not sufficiently focused on these international dimensions. Relationships between people, ecosystems and economies across borders change the scope and nature of the climate adaptation challenge and generate climate risks that are transboundary (Challinor et al., 2017). Climate impacts in one country can create risks and opportunities – and therefore may require adaptation – in other countries, due to cross-border connectivity within regions and globally (Hedlund et al., 2018). These Transboundary Climate Risks (TCRs) may develop in one location remote from the location of their origin. This dynamic necessitates examining the governance structures for managing climate change adaptation. For example, with regard to trade and international supply chains, climate change impacts in one location can disrupt local economies and vulnerable people’s livelihoods, while also affecting the price, quality and availability of goods and services on international markets (Benzie et al., 2018). Coffee is one of the most traded commodities in the world with an immensely globalized supply chain. The global coffee sector involves more than 100 million people in over 80 countries. Coffee production and the livelihoods of smallholder coffee farmers around the world are at risk due to climate change, threatening to disrupt one of the world’s largest agricultural supply chains. The coffee supply chain represents an important arena for public and private actors to negotiate how resource flows should be governed and climate risks should be managed. Currently, neither governments nor private sector actors are sufficiently addressing TCRs (Benzie & Harris, 2020) and no clear mandates exist for actors to take ownership of this issue. Furthermore, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the main body for climate change policy and governance, does not provide any coherent recommendations on how to manage TCRs. This governance gap raises questions about what methods are likely to effectively reduce climate risk and be taken seriously by coffee market stakeholders. This policy brief explores different ways to govern TCRs, and how public and private actors view their effectiveness and legitimacy. Focusing on the Brazilian-German coffee supply chain, the brief presents a deductive framework of five governance pathways through which TCRs could be managed. It is based on 41 semi-structured interviews with 65 Brazilian and German public and private experts, including roasters, traders, cooperatives, associations and certification schemes, as well as government ministries, international development agencies, international organizations and civil society representatives.
Fractional composition of protein in corn grain
Authors: Sazonova Irina , Bychkova Vera , Erohina Anna , Kameneva Olga
Published: April 2022

The article presents the results of a study on the fractional composition of protein in grain of 17 different varieties, hybrids and maize lines of the selection of the RosNIISK "Rossorgo" harvest of 2020. High-protein corn samples were identified. The maximum content was 13.58% in the early maturing line of RSC 3. A large amount of albumins (2.3%) was noted in the protein of corn grain of the Zuckerka variety with a simultaneously low index of the number of prolamins (1.67%). This variety has an advantageous combination of protein fractions within the nutritional value of protein. Along with the high protein content in the grain, high values of albumin and globulin fractions were recorded in the RSK 3 line. Keywords: CORN, GRAIN, VEGETABLE PROTEIN, PROTEIN FRACTIONS, NUTRITIONAL VALUE
BORSA İSTANBUL TURİZM ENDEKSİ (XTRZM) FİRMALARININ ENTROPİ TEMELLİ ARAS, COPRAS VE TOPSIS YÖNTEMLERİ İLE FİNANSAL PERFORMANS ANALİZİ
Authors: SOY TEMÜR Ayşe
Published: April 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Borsa İstanbul Turizm Endeksi’nde (XTRZM) işlem gören firmaların finansal performanslarının çok kriterli karar verme (ÇKKV) yöntemleri ile değerlendirilmesidir.
Yöntem: Çalışmada, işletmelerin 2016-2020 yıllarına ilişkin yıllık bilanço ve gelir tablolarından elde edilen veriler ile finansal analizlerde sıklıkla kullanılan finansal oranlar hesaplanarak karar matrisi oluşturulmuştur. Ardından, objektif bir değerlendirme yapılabilmesi amacıyla Entropi yöntemi kullanılarak ağırlıklar hesaplanmıştır. İşletmelerin finansal performanslarının değerlendirilmesinde ARAS, COPRAS ve TOPSIS yöntemleri kullanılmış olup elde edilen sonuçların karşılaştırılmasında Spearman Sıra İlişkisi Testi’nden faydalanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Araştırma sonucunda, analiz dönemi içinde en başarılı finansal performansa sahip olan işletme 2020 yılı TOPSIS yöntemi haricinde tüm uygulamalarda MAALT olarak bulunmuştur. Ayrıca 2020 yılındaki hisse getirileri değerlendirildiğinde; Covid-19’un yüksek oranda etkilediği turizm işletmelerinin negatif mali tablolar açıklamalarına rağmen araştırma dönemindeki en yüksek hisse getirisinin bu döneme ait olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Özgünlük: Bu çalışmada, turizm sektörünü önemli düzeyde olumsuz etkileyen dönemlere ilişkin analizler yer almaktadır. Çalışmanın turizm sektörü üzerinde ciddi etkiye sahip dönemleri kapsaması ve literatürde birçok çalışmada yer verilmemiş olan hisse getirilerine ilişkin sıralamaları içermesi açısından literatüre katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
TÜRKİYE’DE FAALİYET GÖSTEREN BİREYSEL EMEKLİLİK ŞİRKETLERİNİN ETKİNLİĞİ
Authors: KÜÇÜKKIRALI Zeynep , AYDIN Üzeyir
Published: April 2022

Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de faaliyet gösteren bireysel emeklilik şirketlerinin etkinlik düzeylerini ve etkinlik değişim eğilimlerini Veri Zarflama Analizi (VZA) yöntemiyle incelemektir.
Yöntem: Analiz kapsamında 15 şirketin 2014-2019 yılları arasındaki altı yıllık veri seti kullanılmıştır. Bireysel emeklilik şirketlerinin etkinlikleri faaliyet etkinliği ve fon yönetim etkinliği olmak üzere iki yaklaşımla analiz edilmiştir. Faaliyet etkinliği modelinde, çalışan sayısı ve aktif toplamı, girdi değişkenlerini; toplanan katkı payları ve katılımcı sayısı ise çıktı değişkenlerini oluşturmaktadır. Fon yönetimi etkinliği modelinde, toplanan katkı payları ve fon işletim giderleri girdi, fon büyüklükleri ise çıktı olarak alınmıştır. Ardından şirketlerin etkinlik değişim eğilimlerinin belirlenebilmesi amacıyla VZA tabanlı Malmquist Endeksi (ME) hesaplanmıştır.
Bulgular: Analiz sonuçlarına göre, şirketlerin ortalama faaliyet etkinliği %64 olarak hesaplanmış ve etkinliklerin düşüş eğiliminde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ortalama fon yönetim etkinliği, %94 olarak hesaplanmış ve analiz dönemi içerisinde artış eğiliminde olduğu gözlemlenmiştir.
Özgünlük: Bu çalışma, literatürde Türkiye’deki bireysel emeklilik şirketlerinin etkinlik düzeylerini VZA ile ölçen çalışmalardan farklı olarak faaliyet ve fon yönetimi açısından iki farklı yaklaşımla etkinlik analizi yapmakta, VZA tabanlı ME ile de etkinlik düzeylerinin dönemler arasındaki değişim eğilimlerini belirlemektedir. Ek olarak, çalışma şirketlerin 2014-2019 yılları arasındaki performanslarını değerlendirmesi açısından Türkiye’deki bireysel emeklilik sektörünün güncel durumunu ortaya koymaktadır.
Implementation Of Cooperative Learning Model Type Of Thinking Aloud Pairs Problem Solving (TAPPS) Evaluating From Students' Confidence Attitude At SMP N 2 Baki
Authors: Yanuarti Maghfiroh , Mahendrawan Ersam , Prasetyo Hendri
Published: April 2022

The objectives of this study aim to test and analyze (1) differences in the effect of learning models on students' mathematics learning achievement; (2) differences in the effect of students' self-confidence on students' mathematics learning achievement; and (3) the interaction between learning models and students' self-confidence towards students' mathematics learning achievement. In this study, the writer used quantitative research with a quasi-experimental design. The population and sample in this study were class VIII students of SMP N 2 Baki, and the sampling technique used was cluster random sampling. Data collection techniques used include questionnaires, tes, and documentation. The techniques of data analysis employ a two-way analysis of variance with cells not equal with α = 5% to obtain the results: (1) There is no difference in the effect of the learning model on students' mathematics learning achievement; (2) There are differences in the effect of students' self-confidence on students' mathematics learning achievement; and (3) There is no interaction between the learning model and students' self-confidence towards students' mathematics learning achievement.
Desenvolvimento por saltos como alternativa às teorias da convergência e catch-up: rumo às teorias schumpeterianas do crédito e desenvolvimento1
Authors: Burlamaqui Leonardo , Kattel Rainer
Published: April 2022

Nosso objetivo é demarcar um caminho em direção às teorias schumpeterianas do crédito e desenvolvimento. Para isto, quatro propostas básicas são trazidas para discussão. Primeiramente, sugerimos que a ‘convergência’ e o ‘crescimento convergente’ são, de uma perspectiva schumpeteriana, conceitos teoricamente inadequados visto que propõem narrativas semelhantes à ideia rostoviana de um caminho linear em direção a um suposto ‘equilíbrio historicamente imposto’. O crescimento por saltos através da inovação e crédito é apresentado como uma melhor abordagem para analisar as trajetórias de desenvolvimento. Em segundo lugar, argumentamos que, invés da comumente presumida convergência entre nações, a história mostra que a divergência é um resultado mais comum das trajetórias de desenvolvimento; o que é especialmente mais claro nos últimos 50 anos. Em terceiro lugar, demarcamos os elementos chave desta abordagem schumpeteriana, centrada no conceito do crescimento por saltos através da inovação e crédito. Concluímos enfatizando os papéis essenciais do crédito e gestão financeira para uma compreensão acurada das trajetórias de desenvolvimento nesta abordagem alternativa, postulando que este construto pode ser entendido como um Estado empreendedor.
https://inctpped.ie.ufrj.br/desenvolvimentoemdebate/pdf/revista_dd_v5_n2_Brasil_e_atores_emergentes_em_perspectiva_comparada.pdf
Authors:   INCT-PPED, Boschi Renato , Castro Ana Célia
Published: April 2022

O documento apresenta um resumo do projeto de pesquisa do Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Políticas Públicas, Estratégias e Desenvolvimento.
REFERENCE MODEL SELECTION OF THE ADAPTIVE CONTROL SYSTEM FOR AN OBJECT WITH SINGLE-INPUT AND SINGLE-OUTPUT
Authors:   L. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan, Beisenbi M. , Temirbek А. ,   L. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan, Maimurynova A. ,   L. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan
Published: April 2022

One of the most promising ways to solve the problem of control in the conditions of uncertainty of the characteristics of the control object and external influences is the use of adaptation methods. The article proposes to investigate the asymptotic robust stability of the reference model with the desired dynamics, using the gradient-velocity method of the Lyapunov vector-function. Considering control systems as gradient systems, and Lyapunov functions as potential functions allowed us to develop a universal gradient-velocity method of the Lyapunov vector-function, which allows to investigate the aperiodic robust stability of the reference model by the desired dynamics.
MODELING THE MOTION OF A TWO-PHASE FLUID USING THE NEWTON METHOD
Authors:   al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kassymbek N.M. , Lebedev D.V. ,   Astana IT University, Nur-Sultan
Published: April 2022

Modeling of hydrodynamic processes in oil reservoirs is an urgent task in the oil production industry. With the help of models, it is possible to predict the behavior of the reservoir in real conditions. Newton's method is the basis of many algorithms used to solve modeling problems. In this paper, a model of the motion of a two-phase fluid is considered. The equations describing fluid motion are a nonlinear system that is linearized by Newton's method. The resulting system of linear equations is solved by the method of generalized minimal residuals. To speed up the calculation time, the algorithm of the method of generalized minimal residuals with restarts is used. The developed algorithms were tested and the results were analyzed. Numerical results have shown that for the problem of pumping water into an oil reservoir, the algorithm of the generalized minimal residual method with restarts works faster than the algorithm without modifications, but requires practical determination of the optimal value of iteration steps for restart.
THE POSSIBILITIES OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CONTEXT OF A PANDEMIC
Authors:   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Moshkalov A.M. , Orazbekov Zh.N. ,   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Sabraev K.Zh. ,   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Sharmukhanbet S.R. ,   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: April 2022

To date, education has been recognized as one of the most important priorities of the long-term strategy «Kazakhstan-2050» and the improvement of the education system plays an important role in achieving this goal. Joining the world community and expanding the information space will increase the role of education in the formation of human resources as criteria for the level of socio-economic development of the country, and this is an important fact of the orientation of the education system to new requirements. The current state of society is characterized by information and technical saturation, due to the annual doubling of information, at which the rate of change of technologies and technologies exceeds the rate of change of generations. ICTs, being an important economic sector, have a direct impact on the productivity and efficiency of the economy, in particular on GDP growth and global poverty, and are important for achieving sustainable development goals. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a major impact on the development of ICT over the past two years. The article examines the importance of information and communication technologies in society and during the global pandemic, as well as the process of informatization of education, its main directions.
Global maps of aerosol single scattering albedo using combined CERES-MODIS retrieval
Authors: Devi Archana , Satheesh Sreedharan K.
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Single scattering albedo (SSA) is a leading contributor
to the uncertainty in aerosol radiative impact assessments. Therefore
accurate information on aerosol absorption is required on a global scale. In
this study, we have applied a multi-satellite algorithm to retrieve SSA (550
nm) using the concept of critical optical depth. Global maps of SSA were
generated following this approach using spatially and temporally collocated
data from Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) and Moderate
Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensors on board Terra and Aqua
satellites. Limited comparisons against airborne observations over India and
surrounding oceans were generally in agreement within ±0.03. Global
mean SSA estimated over land and ocean is 0.93 and 0.97, respectively.
Seasonal and spatial distribution of SSA over various regions are also
presented. Sensitivity analysis to various parameters indicate a mean
uncertainty around ±0.044 and shows maximum sensitivity to changes in
surface albedo. The global maps of SSA, thus derived with improved accuracy,
provide important input to climate models for assessing the climatic impact
of aerosols on regional and global scales.
The characterization of long-range transported North American biomass burning plumes: what can a multi-wavelength Mie–Raman-polarization-fluorescence lidar provide?
Authors: Hu Qiaoyun , Goloub Philippe , Veselovskii Igor , Podvin Thierry
Published: April 2022

Abstract. This article presents a study of long-range transported biomass burning aerosols (BBA) originated from the North American wildfires in September 2020.
The BBA plumes presented in this study were in the troposphere and underwent 1–2 weeks of aging before arriving at the lidar station ATOLL (ATmospheric Observatory of LiLle) in northern France.
A novel lidar-derived dataset, 2α+3β+3δ+ϕ (α: extinction coefficient; β: backscatter coefficient; δ: particle linear depolarization ratio, i.e., PLDR; ϕ: fluorescence capacity), is provided for the characterization of BBA. The fluorescence capacity is an intensive aerosol parameter describing the ability of aerosols in producing fluorescence when exposed to UV excitation.
In our BBA observations, obvious variations in aerosol intensive parameters, reflecting the variability of BBA properties, were detected. The PLDRs varied from less than 0.03 at all wavelengths to 0.15–0.22 and 0.12–0.16, respectively, at 355 and 532 nm. The extinction related Angström exponent was within the range of −0.3 to 1.0 and the fluorescence capacity was 1.0 × 10−4–4.0 × 10−4. Lidar ratio as low as 24 ± 4 sr (50 ± 8 sr) was observed in the BBA plumes at 355 (532) nm on 17–18 September, which was lower than most previously observed aged BBAs.
These variations are likely correlated with the combustion process, the lifting of BBA plumes and the conditions (temperature, humidities, etc.) in the aging process. In addition, our results indicate BBA could act as ice nucleating particles in tropospheric conditions. The lidar fluorescence channel proves to be an important added value in aerosol characterization and aerosol–cloud interactions studies, due to its high sensitivity. With the increase in wildfire occurrence and intensity, BBAs become a more and more important atmospheric component. In this context, we show the potential of our novel lidar-derived dataset for aged BBA particles' characterization and for the understanding of their role in cloud processes.
Measurement report: Interpretation of wide-range particulate matter size distributions in Delhi
Authors: Şahin Ülkü Alver , Harrison Roy M. , Alam Mohammed S. , Beddows David C. S. , Bousiotis Dimitrios , Shi Zongbo , Crilley Leigh R. , Bloss William , Brean James , Khanna Isha , Verma Rulan
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Delhi is one of the world's most polluted cities, with very high concentrations of airborne particulate matter. However, little is known about the factors controlling the characteristics of wide-range particle number size distributions. Here, new measurements are reported from three field campaigns conducted in winter and pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons at the Indian Institute of Technology campus in the south of the city. Particle number size distributions were measured simultaneously, using a scanning mobility particle sizer and a GRIMM optical particle monitor, covering 15 nm to >10 µm diameter. The merged, wide-range size distributions were categorized into the following five size ranges: nucleation (15–20 nm), Aitken (20–100 nm), accumulation (100 nm–1 µm), large fine (1–2.5 µm), and coarse (2.5–10 µm) particles. The ultrafine fraction (15–100 nm) accounts for about 52 % of all particles by number (PN10 is the total particle number from 15 nm to 10 µm) but just 1 % by PM10 volume (PV10 is the total particle volume from 15 nm to 10 µm). The measured size distributions are markedly coarser than most from other parts of the world but are consistent with earlier cascade impactor data from Delhi. Our results suggest substantial aerosol processing by coagulation, condensation, and water uptake in the heavily polluted atmosphere, which takes place mostly at nighttime and in the morning hours. Total number concentrations are highest in winter, but the mode of the distribution is largest in the post-monsoon (autumn) season. The accumulation mode particles dominate the particle volume in autumn and
winter, while the coarse mode dominates in summer. Polar plots show a huge variation between both size fractions in the same season and between seasons for the same size fraction. The diurnal pattern of particle numbers is strongly reflective of a road traffic influence upon concentrations, especially in autumn and winter, although other sources, such as cooking and domestic heating, may influence the evening peak. There is a clear influence of diesel traffic at nighttime, when it is permitted to enter the city, and also indications in the size distribution data of a mode < 15 nm, which is probably attributable to CNG/LPG vehicles. New particle formation appears to be infrequent and is, in this dataset, limited to 1 d in the summer campaign. Our results reveal that the very high emissions of airborne particles in Delhi, particularly from traffic, determine the variation in particle number size distributions.
Analyzing ozone variations and uncertainties at high latitudes during sudden stratospheric warming events using MERRA-2
Authors: Bahramvash Shams Shima , Walden Von P. , Hannigan James W. , Randel William J. , Petropavlovskikh Irina V. , Butler Amy H. , de la Cámara Alvaro
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Stratospheric circulation is a critical part of the Arctic ozone cycle.
Sudden stratospheric warming events (SSWs) manifest the strongest alteration
of stratospheric dynamics. During SSWs, changes in planetary wave
propagation vigorously influence zonal mean zonal wind, temperature, and
tracer concentrations in the stratosphere over the high latitudes. In this
study, we examine six persistent major SSWs from 2004 to 2020 using the
Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2
(MERRA-2). Using the unique density of observations around the Greenland
sector at high latitudes, we perform comprehensive comparisons of high-latitude observations with the MERRA-2 ozone dataset during the six major
SSWs. Our results show that MERRA-2 captures the high variability of mid-stratospheric ozone fluctuations during SSWs over high latitudes. However,
larger uncertainties are observed in the lower stratosphere and troposphere.
The zonally averaged stratospheric ozone shows a dramatic increase of
9 %–29 % in total column ozone (TCO) near the time of each SSW, which lasts
up to 2 months. This study shows that the average shape of the Arctic
polar vortex before SSWs influences the geographical extent, timing, and
magnitude of ozone changes. The SSWs exhibit a more significant impact on
ozone over high northern latitudes when the average polar vortex is mostly
elongated as seen in 2009 and 2018 compared to the events in which the polar
vortex is displaced towards Europe. Strong correlation (R2=90  %) is
observed between the magnitude of change in average equivalent potential
vorticity before and after SSWs and the associated averaged total column
ozone changes over high latitudes. This paper investigates the different
terms of the ozone continuity equation using MERRA-2 circulation, which
emphasizes the key role of vertical advection in mid-stratospheric ozone
during the SSWs and the magnified vertical advection in elongated vortex
shape as seen in 2009 and 2018.
Evaluating convective planetary boundary layer height estimations resolved by both active and passive remote sensing instruments during the CHEESEHEAD19 field campaign
Authors: Duncan Jr. James B. , Bianco Laura , Adler Bianca , Bell Tyler , Djalalova Irina V. , Riihimaki Laura , Sedlar Joseph , Smith Elizabeth N. , Turner David D. , Wagner Timothy J. , Wilczak James M.
Published: April 2022

Abstract. During the Chequamegon Heterogeneous Ecosystem Energy-balance Study Enabled by a High-density Extensive Array of Detectors 2019 (CHEESEHEAD19) field campaign, held in the summer of 2019 in northern Wisconsin, USA, active and passive ground-based remote sensing instruments were deployed to understand the response of the planetary boundary layer to heterogeneous land surface forcing. These instruments include radar wind profilers, microwave radiometers, atmospheric emitted radiance interferometers, ceilometers, high spectral resolution lidars, Doppler lidars, and collaborative lower-atmospheric mobile profiling systems that combine several of these instruments. In this study, these ground-based remote sensing instruments are used to estimate the height of the daytime planetary boundary layer, and their performance is compared against independent boundary layer depth estimates obtained from radiosondes launched as part of the field campaign. The impact of clouds (in particular boundary layer clouds) on boundary layer depth estimations is also investigated. We found that while all instruments are overall able to provide reasonable boundary layer depth estimates, each of them shows strengths and weaknesses under certain conditions. For example, radar wind profilers perform well during cloud-free conditions, and microwave radiometers and atmospheric emitted radiance interferometers have a very good agreement during all conditions but are limited by the smoothness of the retrieved thermodynamic profiles. The estimates from ceilometers and high spectral resolution lidars can be hindered by the presence of elevated aerosol layers or clouds, and the multi-instrument retrieval from the collaborative lower atmospheric mobile profiling systems can be constricted to a limited height range in low-aerosol conditions.
Upper ocean flux of biogenic calcite produced by the Arctic planktonic foraminifera Neogloboquadrina pachyderma
Authors: Tell Franziska , Jonkers Lukas , Meilland Julie , Kucera Michal
Published: April 2022

Abstract. With ongoing warming and sea ice loss, the Arctic Ocean and its marginal seas will likely become more hospitable to pelagic calcifiers, resulting in modifications of the regional carbonate cycle and the composition of the seafloor sediment. A substantial part of the pelagic carbonate production in the Arctic is due to the calcification of the dominant planktonic foraminifera species Neogloboquadrina pachyderma. To quantify calcite production and loss in the upper water layer by this important Arctic calcifier, we compile and analyse data from vertical profiles in the upper water column of shell concentration, shell sizes and weights of this species across the Arctic region during summer. Our data is inconclusive on whether the species performs ontogenetic vertical migration throughout its lifecycle, or whether individual specimens calcify at a fixed depth within the vertical habitat. The base of the productive zone of the species is on average located below 100 m and at maximum at 300 m and is regionally highly variable. The calcite flux immediately below the productive zone (production flux) is on average 8 mg CaCO3 m-2 d-1, and we observe that this flux is attenuated until at least 300 m below the base of the productive zone at the mean rate of 1.5 % per 100 m. Regionally, the summer production flux of N. pachyderma calcite varies by more than two orders of magnitude and the estimated mean export flux below the twilight zone is sufficient to account for about a quarter of the total pelagic carbonate flux in the region. These results indicate that estimates of the Arctic pelagic carbonate budget will have to account for large regional differences in production flux of the major pelagic calcifiers and confirm that substantial attenuation of the production flux occurs in the twilight zone.
A cosmogenic nuclide-derived chronology of pre-Last Glacial Cycle glaciations during MIS 8 and MIS 6 in northern Patagonia
Authors: Leger Tancrède Pierre Marie , Hein Andrew Steven , Rodés Ángel , Bingham Robert George , Schimmelpfennig Irene , Fabel Derek , Gonzalez Pablo Tapia ,   the ASTER Team
Published: April 2022

Abstract. The precise environmental mechanisms controlling Quaternary glacial cycles remain ambiguous. To address this problem, it is critical to better comprehend the drivers of spatio-temporal variability in ice-sheet evolution by establishing reliable chronologies of former outlet-glacier advances. When spanning multiple glacial cycles, such chronologies have the capacity to resolve conundrums on interhemispheric phasing of glaciations and climate events. In southern Argentina, reconstructions of this kind are achievable, as Quaternary expansions of the Patagonian Ice Sheet have emplaced a well-preserved geomorphological record covering several glacial cycles. Moreover, robust ice-sheet reconstructions from Patagonia are powerful barometers of former climate change, as Patagonian glaciers are influenced by the Southern Westerly Winds and its coupled Antarctic Circumpolar Current. Former shifts in these circulation mechanisms are essential to better constrain, as they may have played a critical role in pacing regional and possibly global Quaternary climate change. Here, we present a new set of cosmogenic 10Be and 26Al exposure ages from pre-Last Glacial Cycle moraine boulder, glaciofluvial outwash cobble and bedrock samples. This dataset constitutes the first direct chronology dating pre-LGM glacier advances in northern Patagonia, and completes our effort to date the entire preserved moraine record of the Río Corcovado valley system (43° S, 71° W). We find the outermost margins of the study site depict at least three distinct pre-Last Glacial Cycle glaciations occurring at 284 ± 7 ka, 257 ± 7 ka, and 147 ± 4 ka. Combined with the local LGM chronology, we discover that a minimum of four distinct Pleistocene glaciations occurred during Marine Isotope Stages eight, six, and two in northern Patagonia. Evidence for stage four and three deposits were not found at the study site, which illustrates former longitudinal and latitudinal asynchronies in Patagonian Ice Sheet mass balance during these stages. We find the most extensive middle-to-late Pleistocene expansions of the Patagonian Ice Sheet appear to be out-of-phase with local summer insolation intensity, but synchronous with orbitally-controlled periods of longer and colder winters. Our findings thus enable to explore the potential roles of seasonality and seasonal duration in driving southern mid-latitude ice-sheet mass balance and facilitate novel glacio-geomorphological interpretations for the study region. They also provide empirical constraints of former ice-sheet extent and dynamics that are essential to calibrating numerical ice-sheet and glacial isostatic adjustment models.
NeverWorld2: An idealized model hierarchy to investigate ocean mesoscale eddies across resolutions
Authors: Marques Gustavo , Loose Nora , Yankovsky Elizabeth , Steinberg Jacob , Chang Chiung-Yin , Bhamidipati Neeraja , Adcroft Alistair , Fox-Kemper Baylor , Griffies Stephen , Hallberg Robert , Jansen Malte , Khatri Hemant , Zanna Laure
Published: April 2022

Abstract. We describe an idealized primitive equation model for studying mesoscale turbulence and leverage a hierarchy of grid resolutions to make eddy-resolving calculations on the finest grids more affordable. The model has intermediate complexity, incorporating basin-scale geometry with idealized Atlantic and Southern oceans, and with non-uniform ocean depth to allow for mesoscale eddy interactions with topography. The model is perfectly adiabatic and spans the equator, and thus fills a gap between quasi-geostrophic models, which cannot span two hemispheres, and idealized general circulation models, which generally have diabatic processes and buoyancy forcing. We show that the model solution is approaching convergence in mean kinetic energy for the ocean mesoscale processes of interest, and has a rich range of dynamics with circulation features that emerge only due to resolving mesoscale turbulence.
Ground motion variability in Israel from 3-D simulations of M 6 and M 7 earthquakes
Authors: Glehman Jonatan , Tsesarsky Michael
Published: April 2022

Abstract. In Israel, due to low seismicity rates and a sparse seismic
network, the temporal and spatial coverage of ground motion data is
insufficient to estimate the variability in moderate–strong (M>6) ground motions required to construct a local ground motion model (GMM).
To fill this data gap and to study the ground motion variability in M>6 events, we performed a series of 3-D numerical simulations of
M 6 and M 7 earthquakes. Based on the results of the simulations, we
developed a parametric attenuation model (AM) and studied the residuals
between simulated and AM peak ground velocities (PGVs) and the single station variability. We also
compared the simulated ground motions with a global GMM in terms of PGV and significant duration (Ds 595). Our results
suggested that the AM was unable to fully capture the simulated ground
motion variability mainly due to the incorporation of super-shear rupture
and effects of local sedimentary structures. We also showed that an imported
GMM considerably deviates from simulated ground motions. This work sets the
basis for future development of a comprehensive GMM for Israel, accounting
for local source, path, and site effects.
Exchange Rate Fluctuation and Inflation Nexus in Nigeria: The Case of Recent Recession
Authors: Yusuf Ismaila Akanni , Salaudeen Mohammed Bashir , Ogbuji Isaac Azubuike
Published: April 2022

The erratic performance of the Nigerian economy has generated theoretical and empirical debate in the literature. For instance, while some scholars have posited that inflation and currency depreciation positively influence a country’s economy, others believe the contrary. This leads to the interaction of both the exchange and inflation rates to arrive at an innovative conclusion. Hence, this study examines the effects of both indicators and their interactive effect of the country’s performance in the regulation era between 1986 to 2019, using the autoregressive distributed lag estimation technique. The empirical findings reveal that the interaction of inflation and exchange rate has a negative impact on the economy in the short run, but it is positive in the long run. Thus, the monetary authority should proactively control the foreign exchange rate movement to curtail the recent surge in inflation and boost the performance of the country’s economy.
Topological Invariants for the General Structure of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidins
Authors: Haroon Aftab Muhammad , Rafaqat Muhammad , Hussain Muhammad
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we formulate the degree-based topological indices such as first Zagreb index, second Zagreb index, third Zagreb index, atom bond connectivity index, geometric-arithmetic (GA) index, general sum connectivity index, hyper-Zagreb index, augmented Zagreb index, sum connectivity index and general Randic index Rλ (℘), for λ = ©
−1, 1, −
1
2
,
1
2
ª
for grape seed Proanthocyanidins network. By using
above-mentioned topological indices, this study provides us different outcomes.
Extended Riemann Integral Equations Involving Generalized k−hypergeometric Function
Authors: Nadir Aneela
Published: April 2022

This research proves the existence of the solution for the Fredholm integral equation of the first kind. Initially, k−Riemann integral
equation is considered involving the k−hypergeometric function as kernel. k−fractional integration defined by Mubeen and Habibullah [16] is
used to investigate the solution of the integral equation
Z x
0
(x − t)
c
k −1
Γk(c)
q+1Fq,k Ã
(ai
, k),(b, k)
(ci
, k)
; 1 −
x
t
!
f(t)dt = g(x)
where λ, ai
, b, ci > 0, i = 1, . . . , q and f ∈ C◦.
To prove the existence of solution, necessary and sufficient conditions are
defined.
Keywords: k−Pochhammer symbol, k−hypergeometric function, k−Fractional
Integration, k−Riemann integral equation, Fredholm integral equation
Опытно-промышленная установка для переработки шлаков медного производства Алмалыкского ГМК и свойства синтезированных порошков аморфного кремнезема
Authors: Курбанов М.Ш. , Нуралиев У.М., , Панжиев Ж.А. , Тулаганов С.А. , Эрназаров М.
Published: April 2022

В статье изложены результаты по разработке и созданию новой опытно-промышленной установки в виде наклонной вращающейся печи для переработки фтораммониевых кремнийсодержащих материалов. Показано, что применение созданной установки для переработки медеплавильных шлаков Алмалыкского ГМК позволяет отделить от шлаков диоксид кремния в виде дисперсных порошков, извлечь железо и получить коллективный концентрат драгоценных, цветных и других металлов. Приведены результаты исследований по распределению частиц по размерам, ИК-спектрам и текстурным характеристикам аморфного диоксида кремния, синтезированного на созданной установке.
Populisme di Indonesia: Ancaman bagi Integritas Masyarakat dan Reaktualisasi Pancasila
Authors: Welak Feridus
Published: April 2022

Tulisan ini meletakkan fokus pada tema populisme di Indonesia yang mengancam integritas masyarakat. Fenomena populisme di Indonesia yang berafiliasi dengan politik identitas (agama-budaya) tertentu berpotensi menggiring masyarakat dan atau negara pada perpecahan satu sama lain. Mereaktualisasikan Pancasila sebagai landasan dasar mengatasi terjadinya perpecahan dalam masyarakat secara khusus dan keindonesiaan secara luas. Gerakan populisme yang memfasilitasi dalil-dalil identitas berbasis agama-budaya untuk strategi dan manuver politiknya sungguh berpengaruh terhadap integritas masyarakat. Isu agama-budaya mampu membakar sentimental masyarakat dan memobilisasi kekuatan politik. Berlandaskan Pancasila sebagai dasar negara, Indonesia telah berkomitmen untuk mengatasi politik berbasis identitas. Pancasila sebagai dasar negara diyakini lahir dan dibentuk oleh adanya nilai-nilai hidup yang sama di antara suku bangsa Indonesia. Pancasila membungkus dan mendaulatkan pluralitas Indonesia tanpa adanya perilaku saling mendiskreditkan dan mendiskriminasi satu dengan yang lain. Reaktualisasi Pancasila merupakan keniscayaan dan langkah fundamen untuk mengkristalkan kembali nilai-nilai Pancasila dan membendung gerakan politik identitas yang memecahbelahkan masyarakat. Studi kritis ini dimaksudkan untuk menyelidiki dampak dari populisme terhadap integritas masyarakat. Pancasila diangkat sebagai dasar untuk mengatasi politik identitas dan tetap menjaga kesatuan masyarakat. Adapun temuan dalam tulisan ini bahwa politik identitas populisme bertolak belakang dengan semangat pancasilais dan keindonesiaan. Mereaktualisasikan Pancasila sangat urgen diperlukan untuk membendung fenomena populisme untuk menjaga integritas masyarakat.
The Existence of Pancasila in Post-Truth Era
Authors: Diniyanto Ayon , Sutrisno Wahyudi
Published: April 2022

The existence of Pancasila must be maintained. The post-truth era that is already in sight can certainly have a negative impact on national identity. Pancasila as the identity of the Indonesian nation must be maintained and become a bulwark against the negative impacts of the post-truth era. The writing of this article is very important in providing an understanding to the Indonesian people that the post-truth era cannot be avoided. As a nation that has an identity called Pancasila, Pancasila should be implemented in the life of the nation and state, especially in the face of the post-truth era. This is where the importance of this article in reminding about the negative impact of the post-truth era on national identity. This article discusses three important issues related to Pancasila and post-truth. These three things are (1) various kinds of negative impacts that can or even have been caused by the post-truth era; (2) finding the relevance of the post-truth era with Pancasila; and (3) describes how to maintain the existence of Pancasila in the vortex of the post-truth era. There are at least three negative impacts of the post-truth era, namely (a) the existence of lies; (b) the existence of slander; and (c) the presence of hate speech. The relevance of the post-truth era with Pancasila lies in the identity of the nation. The post-truth era can have a negative impact on national identity. Pancasila is the identity of the Indonesian nation. The existence of Pancasila in the post-truth era must of course be maintained so that it is not negated by the negative impacts of the post-truth era. The way to maintain the existence of Pancasila in the post-truth era is to apply Pancasila in the life of the nation and state and to strengthen literacy. The conclusion of this article is to answer the problem formulation and find the purpose of this article.
Investigation of Workpiece and Tool Surface Quality in Electro Discharge Machining of Al 5083 Alloy Produced by Powder Metallurgy
Authors: IŞIK Ahmet Tolunay , CAKIROGLU Ramazan
Published: April 2022

Aluminum alloys are widely preferred in various fields such as aerospace, ship and automotive due to their lightness and relevant production cost. In this study, electro discharge technique was used in the processing of aluminum 5083 alloy (Al5083) produced by powder metallurgy method. The surface quality resulting from the experiments was investigated in terms of Ra, Rz and Rsm. Experimental studies were carried out according to Taguchi L9 orthogonal experimental design, using three different levels of discharge current, pulse on time and pulse off time parameters. As the discharge current increased, Ra and Rz increased, Rsm first decreased and then increased. As the pulse on time increased, Ra and Rz first increased and then decreased, and Rsm increased. When the pulse off time increased, Ra and Rz decreased and Rsm increased. As a result of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) performed to determine the effect rates of the variable parameters on the surface quality, the order of importance of the parameters was found to be discharge current, pulse off time and pulse on time. The effect of discharge current, which is the most effective parameter according to ANOVA, on Ra, Rz and Rsm was calculated as respectively 70.87%, 70.41% and 36.34%. Microscopic images taken from the tool (copper) and workpiece surface show that the craters and peaks formed by the spark effect are formed on both material surfaces.
Bartra, E. (2018)
Authors: Marrugo Carolina
Published: April 2022

En la producción bibliográfica de la filósofa Eli Bartra se encuentran algunos de los aportes más significativos sobre la relación entre género y arte. Su contribución ha sido un punto clave a la hora de reflexionar sobre categorías como las experiencias en el arte popular, la creatividad femenina, la resistencia cultural, entre otras. La investigadora en cuestión ha destacado un papel central de las mujeres como agentes de creación cultural y artística en el contexto mexicano.
University Students’ Perceptions and Experiences of Quid Pro Quo Transactions in Kenya
Authors: Muasya Juliet Njeri
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this study was to explore the extent to which quid pro quo transactions commonly known as 'sexual economy', 'sexual transactions', 'sexual corruption' and 'transactional sex' occur in the universities, especially in Kenya. Use of cross-sectional survey design, allowed the researcher to collect qualitative data from 16 female and 14 male students sampled using a number of procedures; namely volunteer, simple random and snowball sampling. Use of in-depth interviews to collect data gave the researcher an opportunity to obtain direct and indirect real-life experiences on quid pro quo transactions. Discourse or content analysis was used to analyse stories and narratives in line with different forms of quid pro quo transactions. The researcher identified, coded and categorised primary data patterns in form of words, sentences and phrases from the written narratives and stories from male and female students. For purposes of privacy and confidentiality, the researcher used codes to present ‘verbatim’ data. Findings from the study show that quid pro quo transactions (sexually transmited marks; money and material benefits, and access to halls of residence) is a common occurrence among university students. Empowerment programmes (economic and life skills) are necessary if male and female students and sometimes staff are to refrain from quid pro quo transactions, which is characterised with negative and devastating consequences.
Lesbian Identity and “Personal Dishonesty” in Lorraine Hansberry’s “Flowers for the General”
Authors: RAYMOS ARIELLE
Published: April 2022

Misconceptions and myths that surround Hansberry and her most famous play, A Raisin in the Sun (1959), are examined through a close reading of an unpublished play from Lorraine Hansberry’s archived papers, “Flowers for the General” (1955). In this play, Hansberry articulates lesbian identity fully in the character Marcia. The play’s major themes of the importance of upholding sociopolitical beliefs, the possibility of a sustainable lesbian identity, and the commonalities between the lesbian, Jewish, African American, and working-class characters combine to create a significant statement at an early point in Hansberry’s career. Various cultural, social, and political obstacles prevented Hansberry’s writing on sexuality—which anticipates current critical conceptions of female sexuality, same-sex relationships, and homosocial bonds—from being published or staged. However, examination of archival materials such as “Flowers for the General” is a necessary step in expanding the view of Hansberry’s complex and contradictory life and work outside of A Raisin in the Sun.