bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of microbial fertilizers on soil microbial community structure in rotating and continuous cropping Glycyrrhiza uralensis
Authors: Qiu Daiyu , Wang Xue , Jiang Kan , Gong Gaoxia , Bao Fang
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Glycyrrhiza uralensis is a perennial medicinal plant. It’s generally cultivated for three years, and should avoid long-term continuous cultivation. However, unreasonable crop rotation and extensive fertilization are common in G. uralensis cultivation, which leads to the imbalance of soil microflora structure, and the obstacle of continuous cropping are becoming increasingly serious. Some microbial fertilizers such as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus subtilis, and complex microbial agent have the advantage of regulating soil microbial community structure and improving the soil environment. Therefore, these three kinds of microbial fertilizers were applied to G. uralensis and their effects on soil microorganisms of G. uralensis were studied.

Methods

Combine microbial fertilizers with conventional fertilization for continuous cropping and rotating G. uralensis. High-throughput sequencing technology was used to determine soil microbial richness, diversity and distribution of community structure in rotating and continuous cropping G. uralensis.

Results and discussion

Continuous cropping reduced G. uralensis soil bacterial diversity by 7.56% and increased fungal richness by 17.01% compared with crop rotation. However, after the application of microbial fertilizers, the fungal richness and diversity of continuous cropping G. uralensis were significantly reduced by 4.76%~20.96%, and the soil bacterial diversity of continuous cropping and rotating G. uralensis was significantly increased by 7.22%~12.03% and 6.75%~11.69% compared with the respective controls, respectively. Continuous cropping and rotating G. uralensis soil dominant bacteria mainly include Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Gemmatimonadota, and the dominant fungi include Ascomycota, Basidiomycota and Zygomycota. The activity process of these microbial communities was mainly through carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid synthesis pathway in metabolism. The complex microbial agent significantly increased the relative abundance of soil dominant bacteria communities of continuous cropping and rotating G. uralensis by 3.11~11.54 percentage points, and significantly reduced the relative abundance of soil dominant fungal communities of continuous cropping G. uralensis by 1.57~8.93 percentage points, compared with the control. Of the three microbial fertilizers, the complex microbial agent had the most significant effects on optimizing the soil microbial community structure of continuous cropping and rotating G. uralensis. Conclusion: the application effect of different microbial fertilizers in continuous cropping G. uralensis was better than crop rotation, and the application effect of complex microbial agent was the best, which has more application value and development prospect in the cultivation management of G. uralensis.
Mapping genomic regions for reproductive stage drought tolerance in rice from exotic landrace-derived population
Authors: Venkateshwarlu Challa , Kole Paresh Chandra , Singh Arun Kumar , Paul Pronob J. , Sinha Pallavi , Singh Vikas Kumar , Kumar Arvind
Published: January 2025

In the rapid climate change scenario and subsequent rainfall patterns, drought has emerged as a bottleneck for crop production across crops, especially in rainfed rice. Drought significantly affects the development and production of most modern rice cultivars. Thus, recent breeding efforts have aimed to integrate drought tolerance traits in existing rice varieties through conventional and molecular approaches. The identification of grain yields quantitative trait loci (QTLs) under drought conditions, an important trait with high selection efficiency, may lead to the development of drought-tolerant rice varieties. The study reported the grain yield QTLs identified under the reproductive stage of drought stress in the F2-derived mapping population from Kasturi (drought-sensitive) × Chao Khaw (drought-tolerant). Thirteen QTLs (qDTYs) were identified based on two years of field data. Comparative analysis revealed two robust and consistent DTY QTLs, qDTY1.1 and qDTY8.1, which explained the PVEs of 11.61% to 12.88% and 15.79% to 18.77%, respectively. However, qDTY1.1 was found at the nearest position to the previously identified qDTYs. Through candidate gene analysis, the identified QTL regions in chromosome 1 (qDTY1.1) and chromosome 8 (qDTY8.1) revealed seven and five candidate genes, respectively, based on gene ontology that were significantly associated with rice grain yield-related drought traits. In conclusion, this study identified key consistent drought yield QTLs in a drought-tolerant exotic landrace. The identified QTLs provide valuable insights and resources for ongoing efforts to develop drought-tolerant rice varieties. They can be further utilized in drought breeding programs to enhance the drought resilience of existing varieties or to develop new varieties.
Swords and shields: the war between Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus and citrus
Authors: Hu Yanan , Lu Nannan , Bao Kaiqiang , Liu Shuting , Li Ruimin , Huang Guiyan
Published: January 2025

Citrus Huanglongbing (HLB) represents a significant threat to the citrus industry, mainly caused by the phloem-limited bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas). In this review, we summarize recent advances in understanding the relationship between citrus and CLas, particularly examining the functions of Sec-dependent effectors (SDEs) and non-classically secreted proteins (ncSPs) in virulence, as well as their targeted interactions with citrus. We further investigate the impact of SDEs on various physiological processes, including systemic acquired resistance (SAR), reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, vesicle trafficking, callose deposition, cell death, autophagy, chlorosis and flowering. Additionally, we focus on the functional research on specific disease-resistant genes in citrus and the molecular mechanisms underlying disease resistance. Finally, we discuss the existing gaps and unresolved questions regarding citrus-CLas interactions, proposing potential solutions to facilitate the development of HLB-resistant citrus varieties.
Subtilases: a major prospect to the genome editing in horticultural crops
Authors: Chandrasekaran Umashankar , Hong Woo Jong , Kim Hyeran
Published: January 2025

Plant peptides, synthesized from larger precursor proteins, often undergo proteolytic cleavage and post-translational modifications to form active peptide hormones. This process involves several proteolytic enzymes (proteases). Among these, SBTs (serine proteases) are a major class of proteolytic enzymes in plants and play key roles in various regulatory mechanisms, including plant immune response, fruit development and ripening, modulating root growth, seed development and germination, and organ abscission. However, current knowledge about SBTs is largely limited to ‘in vitro cleavage assays,’ with few studies exploring loss of function analyses for more in depth characterization. Research focused on economically significant horticultural crops, like tomato and pepper, remains scarce. Given this, leveraging SBTs for horticultural crop improvement through advanced gene-editing tools is critical for enhancing crop resilience to stress and pathogens. Over the past five years, research on proteolytic enzymes, especially SBTs, has increased markedly, yet reports involving loss- or gain-of function analyses aimed at improving crop yield and quality are still limited. This review summarizes recent findings on SBT enzymes, which act as ‘protein scissors’ in activating peptide hormones, and discusses the potential for using selected SBTs in CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing to enhance the growth and resilience of economically important Solanaceae crops, with a focus on pepper.
Discrepancy between performance and feedback affects mathematics student teachers’ self-efficacy but not their self-assessment accuracy
Authors: Ernst Helen M. , Prinz-Weiß Anja , Wittwer Jörg , Voss Thamar
Published: January 2025

Although feedback is of high importance for the professional development of student teachers, the impact of (inadequate) feedback on their self-regulated learning is still unclear. In two studies with mathematics student teachers, we investigated how discrepancies between performance and feedback affected two important aspects of self-regulated learning—self-efficacy and self-assessment accuracy regarding mathematical content knowledge. In the first study, N = 154 student teachers studying mathematics completed a knowledge test on the Pythagorean theorem and received performance feedback that was either correct or manipulated to be more positive or more negative than actual performance. The results showed that feedback that exceeded performance resulted in higher self-efficacy than feedback that fell below performance. In contrast, self-assessment accuracy in a second test on the same content was not affected by the discrepancy between student teachers’ test performance and the feedback they received. In the second study, we used the think-aloud method with N = 26 participants to investigate the processes underlying the effects obtained in Study 1. We found that student teachers who had received overly positive feedback were more likely to report positive affect-related statements than participants who had received overly negative or correct feedback. At the same time, they based their self-assessments in the knowledge test more strongly on their monitoring of heuristic factors than on knowledge. The results indicate that overly positive feedback elicits positive motivational states in mathematics student teachers, but bears the risk that they neglect their knowledge as a basis for their self-assessments.
Psychosocial factors influencing dietary management in patients with type 2 diabetes and healthy adults: an ecological momentary assessment approach
Authors: Saito Junichi , Kumano Hiroaki
Published: January 2025

Background

Dietary management in diabetic patients is affected by psychosocial factors and the social-environmental context. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) allows patients to consistently report their experiences in real-time over a certain period and across different contexts. Despite the importance of dietary management, only a few EMA studies have been conducted on dietary management and psychosocial factors in patients with type 2 diabetes; further evidence must be gathered. Therefore, this study examined dietary management and psychosocial factors using EMA, comparing type 2 diabetes patients with healthy adults.

Methods

A total of 20 patients with type 2 diabetes and 16 healthy adults underwent EMA. Relying on event-contingent recordings, this study evaluated the participants’ mood (e.g., anxiety, anger, vigor), appetite (hunger, craving), meal types (e.g., breakfast), location (e.g., eating out), companions (e.g., family), and dietary lapses (e.g., I ate a larger portion of a meal or snack than I intended) before and after meals. Dietary lapse recording after meals was paired with psychosocial data before meals. Only the type 2 diabetes patients used a sensor-based glucose monitoring system (Freestyle Libre Pro, Abbot) and wearable activity monitors (GT3X-BT, ActiGraph).

Results

The EMA produced a total of 4,254 responses. Dietary lapse predicted two-hour postprandial glucose through a sensor-based glucose monitoring system. Multilevel logistic regression analyses were performed. For diabetes patients, dietary lapse was affected by vigor, fatigue, and cravings before eating. Meanwhile, for healthy adults, only fatigue before meals affected dietary lapse, and increased vigor from dietary intake was associated with dietary lapse. In both type 2 diabetes patients and healthy adults, eating-out situations were linked to dietary lapse.

Conclusion

The results suggest differences in psychosocial factors influencing dietary lapse between patients with type 2 diabetes and healthy adults. EMA is well suited to assess psychosocial factors that drive dietary management in diabetic patients. This study further discussed the possibility of individual approaches using EMA data.
Associations between mindfulness and non-restorative sleep: the roles of resilience and handgrip
Authors: Li Shuhan , Jiang Yingting , Shen Zhenrong , Liao Yuan , Zeng Yihao , Ye Zengjie
Published: January 2025

Aim

This study examined the mediating role of resilience and the moderating role of grip strength (handgrip) in the relationship between mindfulness and non-restorative sleep (NRS) and evaluated the non-linear association between mindfulness and NRS among university freshmen students.

Design

This is a cross-sectional descriptive study.

Method

A total of 384 university students were recruited from Be Resilient to Nursing Career (BRNC) from two universities in June 2022. The Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, 10-item Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale, Non-restorative Sleep Scale, and handgrip were administered. Latent profile analysis, moderated mediation analysis, and generalized additive model analysis were performed.

Results

The following three subgroups were identified through the latent profile analysis: low mindfulness (21%), medium mindfulness (49.4%), and high mindfulness (29.6%). While the significant mediating role of resilience between mindfulness and NRS was confirmed (SE = 0.041, p < 0.05), the moderating role of handgrip was not statistically significant. A non-linear relationship was verified between mindfulness and NRS.
Intersubjectivity and co-constructed framings: students’ role-play talks in online English-speaking sessions
Authors: Li Leslie Huishan
Published: January 2025

This study investigates how lower-level English language learners achieve and maintain intersubjectivity and navigate through co-constructed framings during context-embedded tasks such as improvised role-play. In language education settings, activities associated with interactions often reflect multi-layered participant orientations beyond mere linguistic execution. From the perspectives of ethnomethodology and conversation analysis, linguistic actions are effective only when they are intersubjectively understood: the complexity of an activity necessitates corresponding levels of intersubjectivity for smooth progression. A close examination of sequence development in role-play activities shows how intersubjectivity is preserved as interlocutors engage in aligning and affiliative moves to avoid potential disruptions and maximize mutual contributions. Interlocutors’ progressive inputs are integrated as intersubjectively sustained elements of ongoing interaction framings only when collaboratively developed by the participating parties. The analysis also addresses the impact of online communication tools, acknowledging their increasingly essential role in online teaching. The results suggest the need for a dynamic concept of ‘framing,’ replacing ‘frame,’ and recommend that conversation analysis should account for the multi-layered contexts of surrounding activities.
Cultural sustainability through social networks: a moderated mediation model exploring the psychological dimensions of cultural dissemination
Authors: Chen Ruolei , Chen Xujia
Published: January 2025

Introduction

The present study examines the role of social network diversity in fostering cultural sustainability among Chinese social media users.

Methods

Utilizing a quantitative methodological approach, data was gathered from a sample of 1,200 active users across various Chinese social media platforms. Participants completed surveys assessing the diversity of their cultural interactions on these platforms, their levels of cultural empathy, cultural adaptability, and the sustainability of cultural practices.

Results

The findings indicate that greater diversity in social media interactions is significantly associated with higher levels of cultural empathy, which in turn enhances both cultural adaptability and sustainability. Furthermore, psychological flexibility was found to moderate these relationships, suggesting that individuals with higher flexibility are better able to leverage diverse interactions into sustainable cultural practices.

Discussion

These results emphasize the potential of social media as a tool for cultural preservation and adaptation in the face of globalization. Implications for policy makers and social media platforms center on fostering environments that support diverse cultural exchanges to enhance cultural sustainability. This research contributes to the understanding of how digital interactions can influence the long-term maintenance and adaptation of cultural heritage in a rapidly changing world.
Developing a translational research framework for MDD: combining biomolecular mechanisms with a spiraling risk factor model
Authors: van Baalen Max , van der Velden Lars , van der Gronde Toon , Pieters Toine
Published: January 2025

Objective

The global incidence and burden of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) are increasing annually, with current antidepressant treatments proving ineffective for 30-40% of patients. Biomolecular mechanisms within the microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA) may significantly contribute to MDD, potentially paving the way for novel treatment approaches. However, integrating the MGBA with the psychological and environmental aspects of MDD remains challenging. This manuscript aims to: 1) investigate the underlying biomolecular mechanisms of MDD using a modeling approach, and 2) integrate this knowledge into a comprehensive ‘spiraling risk factor model’ to develop a biopsychosocial translational research framework for the prevention and treatment of MDD.

Methods

For the first aim, a systematic review (PROSPERO registration) was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and Scopus to query literature published between 2016–2020, with select additional sources. A narrative review was performed for the second aim.

Results

In addition to genetics and neurobiology, research consistently indicates that hyperactivation of the HPA axis and a pro-inflammatory state are interrelated components of the MGBA and likely underlying mechanisms of MDD. Dysregulation of the MGBA, along with imbalances in mental and physical conditions, lifestyle factors, and pre-existing treatments, can trigger a downward spiral of stress and anxiety, potentially leading to MDD.

Conclusions

MDD is not solely a brain disorder but a heterogeneous condition involving biomolecular, psychological, and environmental risk factors. Future interdisciplinary research can utilize the integrated biopsychosocial insights from this manuscript to develop more effective lifestyle-focused multimodal treatment interventions, enhance diagnosis, and stimulate early-stage prevention of MDD.

Systematic Review Registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42020215412.
Stem cell therapy for the treatment of psychiatric disorders: a real hope for the next decades
Authors: Villanueva Rosa
Published: January 2025

In this review, it is evaluated the progress in the application of stem cell therapy to ameliorate the symptoms of bipolar disorder, major depression, schizophrenia, and autism. These disorders are highly prevalent in clinical medicine and are responsible for high levels of psychosocial disability among patients. All of them share common biomedical features, such as complex and variable genetic substrates, significant susceptibility to environmental changes, and insufficient knowledge of their pathogenesis. In addition, the responsiveness of patients to pharmacological treatment is heterogeneous, and in some cases, no treatment is available. Therefore, the development of stem cell-based regenerative medicine and its possible combination with emerging therapeutic approaches that promote neural plasticity are expected to advance neuropsychiatry in the next few decades.
Psychosocial wellbeing and risk perception of older adults during COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria: perspectives on the role of social workers
Authors: Rahman Farah Naz , Iwuagwu Anthony Obinna , Ngwu Christopher Ndubuisi , Kalu Michael Ebe , Kasherwa Amani , Tasnim Anika , Chowdhury Mohamman Rocky Khan , Rashid Mamunur , Kader Manzur
Published: January 2025

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic presented a ‘double-edged sword’ for older adults: not only were they more susceptible to the virus, but its broader consequences also exacerbated other challenges, particularly those related to psychosocial well-being. Limited evidence exists on how older adults perceive the pandemic and its impact on their well-being and the role of social workers in addressing these challenges, particularly in resource-limited settings like Nigeria.

Aim

This study explored older adults’ perceived risks regarding COVID-19, its impact on their psychosocial well-being, and the role of social workers in addressing these challenges in Nigeria.

Methods

A phenomenological and exploratory research design was used. In-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted with 16 older adults and 4 social workers in Onitsha metropolis, Anambra State, Southeast Nigeria. Data were analyzed through reflexive thematic analysis.

Results

The findings revealed that the COVID-19 restrictive measures negatively impacted the psychosocial well-being of older adults, where social isolation, lack of support, the inability to engage in wellbeing activities, and emotional trauma collectively contributed to a significant decline in their mental and emotional health. Additionally, widespread misconceptions about the origin of COVID-19 led to reluctance in adopting preventive measures. While social workers provided some awareness and counselling sessions, their involvement was limited. Social workers were not recognized as part of the frontline response team, and their efforts were primarily constrained by governmental and institutional neglect.

Conclusion

The findings highlight the need for policy initiatives to enhance social workers involvement in strengthening the psychosocial resilience of older adults and addressing misconceptions during public health emergencies. Comprehensive strategies are essential for safeguarding the psychosocial well-being of older adults in future pandemics or similar crises.
Mental wellbeing of higher education students in challenging times
Authors: Lazarewicz Magdalena Anna , Moksnes Unni Karin , Reidunsdatter Randi Johansen , Wlodarczyk Dorota
Published: January 2025

Objective

Student age and starting higher education require adaptation to a new physical and psychosocial environment, making the time of studies a highly sensitive period. Current and future generations of students are also likely to face additional global stressors, which potentially exacerbate their mental wellbeing. The aim of the study was to investigate how higher education students' appraisal of the COVID-19 pandemic situation and of their personal resources predict mental wellbeing (anxiety and curiosity).

Methods

The study used cross-sectional data collected from 3,727 higher education students in an online survey conducted during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Results

After controlling for a number of pandemic-related factors, all considered aspects of the pandemic situation appraisal and resources appraisal were significant predictors of anxiety and/or curiosity. The most important predictors of anxiety were sense of control, information stress, pandemic interest, and self-efficacy, and the most important predictors of curiosity were self-efficacy, health promoting behaviors, and sense of control. Tested models explained 61% of variance of anxiety and 36% of variance of curiosity.

Conclusion

Appraisal of own personal resources seems critical for both indicators of mental wellbeing. These results may significantly contribute to sufficient planning of mental-wellbeing oriented interventions for young adults in Higher Education.
Impact of the National Drug Price Negotiation policy on the price, usage, and affordability of anticancer medicines in Shandong Province, China
Authors: Sun Yaqun , Qiang Yan , Duan Yongxuan , Song Yan
Published: January 2025

Objective

In order to reduce the price and increase the accessibility of innovative medicines, China has implemented the National Drug Price Negotiation (NDPN) since 2016. Anticancer drug is the largest category of NDPN and the number continue to increase. This study evaluated the impact of this policy on the price, utilization rate and affordability of anticancer drugs based on the experiences of Shandong province.

Methods

25 anticancer drugs were included in this study involved the NDPN in the year 2018 and 2019. Data on prices and utilization of the policy related drugs from 2017 to 2022 were collected from Shandong Province, using an adaptation of the WHO/HAI methodology. Prices were measured as Median Price Ratio (MPR). Usage was measured as Defined Daily Doses (DDDs). Affordability was measured as days of daily per capita disposable income required for the cost of 1 month’s treatment. The Mann–Whitney U test was used to estimate the significance of the difference in the change in the MPRs before and after the negotiation.

Results

The data of this study come from 42 key monitoring medical institutions in Shandong Province, including 31 tertiary medical institutions and 11 secondary medical institutions. There has been a significant reduction in the MPR following NDPN, with a median MPR of 0.57 in 2022, and the prices of anticancer medicines were generally lower than IPR. During the period from 2017 to 2022, the total usage of the 25 negotiated medicines continued to rise. With the implementation of negotiation policy, the average number of days of disposable income per capita required for 1 month of medicine costs changed from 104 days to 36 days and 256 days to 80 days for urban and rural residents, respectively. The affordable proportion of anticancer medicines is still not high.

Conclusion

The NDPN policy has reduced the prices of anticancer drugs and greatly improved their affordability. More attention should be paid to improve the affordability to the rural and the poor patients. It is essential to encourage the research and development of high-quality generic drugs to strengthen reasonable market competition, as well as improve the multi-tiered medical security system.
Intention to khat chewing among youths in Raya-Azebo district, southern zone of Tigray, Ethiopia: application of the theory of planned behavior
Authors: Atsbaha Abadi Hailay , Mekonnen Adugnaw Berhane , Ketema Bezawit , Gebrehiwot Tigist Haile , Gebru Hirut Teame , Alemseged Embay Amare , Angaw Yonas , Gebremedhin Haftay , Gebremeskel Fre , Hidru Hagos Degefa , Gufue Zenawi Hagos
Published: January 2025

Background

Khat chewing has become a global phenomenon, resulting in significant physical and mental health issues as well as socioeconomic crises. However, evidence is scarce on Ethiopian youths’ behavioral intentions toward khat chewing, particularly in the Raya-Azebo district of the southern zone of the Tigray region. As a result, this study aimed to assess the intention to chew among youths in Raya-Azebo district, Southern Tigray, Ethiopia.

Methods

A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among 627 youths in northern Ethiopia’s Raya-Azebo district. Data were collected using a structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire. A multivariable linear regression model was used to predict the contribution of independent variables and identify variables strongly associated with chewing among youths.

Results

A considerable proportion, 192 (30.62%) of youths, had the intention to chew khat in the next 6 months. The component of the theory of planned behavior independently explained the variance in intention to chew by 83%. The strongest predictors of intention to chew were attitude (β = 0.35, p < 0.001), subjective norm (β = 0.297, p < 0.001), and perceived behavioral control (β = 0.15, p = 0.01).

Conclusion

Behavioral intention toward khat chewing was a function of attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control toward khat chewing. Strategies to empower youths to change a positive attitude toward khat chewing, programs targeted at resisting social pressures, and increasing self-efficacy to combat chewing are needed.
Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Spanish version of the Prevent for Work questionnaire
Authors: Blasco-Abadía Julia , Bellosta-López Pablo , Doménech-García Víctor , Palsson Thorvaldur Skuli , Christensen Steffan Wittrup McPhee , Hoegh Morten , Berjano Pedro , Langella Francesco
Published: January 2025

Background

Musculoskeletal pain represents an increase in medical expenses due to disability and decreased quality of life among workers. Various biopsychosocial factors contribute to the development of persistent and disabling musculoskeletal pain. The Prevent for Work questionnaire (P4Wq) intended to analyze these factors. In this study, the original Italian version of the P4Wq was translated and culturally adapted to Spanish. Moreover, the psychometric properties were evaluated among Spanish workers with and without recent history of disabling spinal pain.

Methods

The first phase consisted of a forward-and-backward translation process and evaluating the face-validity of the questionnaire among 30 Spanish workers. The second phase involved 153 Spanish workers who completed the P4Wq, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and EQ-5D-5L questionnaires. Finally, 50 Spanish workers completed the P4Wq 2 weeks later to evaluate test–retest reliability and measurement error.

Results

Minor changes were made after the forward-and-backward translation process, which ensured that the Spanish versions was face-valid. The P4Wq demonstrated acceptable internal consistency for Spanish version (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.91), a moderate negative association with the indicator of quality of life (ρ < −0.39; p = 0.001) and moderate positive association with the disability index (ρ > 0.46; p = 0.001). Furthermore, the P4Wq showed good to excellent item response stability (weighted kappa = 0.75–0.96) and good for the total score (ICC = 0.98).

Conclusion

The Spanish version of the P4Wq was face-valid and exhibited a similar structure as the original version. Additionally, good internal consistency and construct validity were found. This translated version of the questionnaire can therefore be considered acceptable for use by workers with and without history of disabling musculoskeletal pain.
Machine learning algorithms to predict depression in older adults in China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Song Yan Li Qing , Chen Lin , Liu Haoqiang , Liu Yue
Published: January 2025

Objective

The 2-fold objective of this research is to investigate machine learning's (ML) predictive value for the incidence of depression among China's older adult population and to determine the noteworthy aspects resulting in depression.

Methods

This research selected 7,880 older adult people by utilizing data from the 2020 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Thereafter, the dataset was classified into training and testing sets at a 6:4 ratio. Six ML algorithms, namely, logistic regression, k-nearest neighbors, support vector machine, decision tree, LightGBM, and random forest, were used in constructing a predictive model for depression among the older adult. To compare the differences in the ROC curves of the different models, the Delong test was conducted. Meanwhile, to evaluate the models' performance, this research performed decision curve analysis (DCA). Thereafter, the Shapely Additive exPlanations values were utilized for model interpretation on the bases of the prediction results' substantial contributions.

Results

The range of the area under the curve (AUC) of each model's ROC curves was 0.648–0.738, with significant differences (P < 0.01). The DCA results indicate that within various probability thresholds, LightGBM's net benefit was the highest. Self-rated health, nighttime sleep, gender, age, and cognitive function are the five most important characteristics of all models in terms of predicting the occurrence of depression.

Conclusion

The occurrence of depression among China's older adult population and the critical factors leading to depression can be predicted and identified, respectively, by ML algorithms.
Empowering Stroke Survivors: developing a patient version of guidelines to facilitate patient rehabilitation nursing of stroke patients with limb dysfunction in China
Authors: Yang Dan , Zhang Jingyuan , Meng Meiqi , Li Xuejing , Yan Lijiao , Fang Jiaxin , Wang Ziyan , Chen Sihan , Zhang Xiaoyan , Hao Yufang , Wang Fang
Published: January 2025

Objective

To develop a patient version of guidelines (PVG) for rehabilitation nursing (RN) in stroke patients with limb dysfunction, aiming to enhance patients’ awareness, self-management skills, and adherence to rehabilitation programs.

Methods

This guideline was developed based on the cultural and healthcare context of China, and was guided on the Minimum standards for the Development Process, Content and Governance of Patient-Directed Knowledge Tools and the PVG tool book of the Guidelines International Network. The guideline was constructed through a normative process involving clarifying priority questions, assessing and integrating evidence, detailing and contextualizing recommendations, and evaluating the prototype of PVG.

Results

Fifteen priority RN issues were identified, and eight articles (four guidelines and four evidence summaries) were included, all demonstrating robust methodological quality. The final guideline encompassed five themes: disease knowledge, functional assessment, symptom prevention and nursing, rehabilitation training, and traditional Chinese medicine nursing - a specialized approach integrating traditional Chinese medicine principles with modern nursing practices, including 26 recommendations.

Conclusion

This patient-centered guideline, grounded in a robust scientific framework and tailored to patient needs, serves as a valuable reference for the RN of stroke patients with limb dysfunction. The development of context-specific patient guidelines that integrate best available evidence remains an area requiring continued effort and refinement. Further research is warranted to evaluate the implementation and effectiveness of this guideline within diverse Chinese healthcare context.
Long-term health outcomes and quality of life in women with untreated pelvic floor dysfunction: a single-center cohort study
Authors: Chen Wenchao , Gong Jiang , Liu Mingsheng , Cai Ying Chang
Published: January 2025

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the long-term health outcomes and quality of life (HRQoL) associated with untreated pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) in women, and to identify key factors contributing to symptom severity.

Methods

A cohort of 1,651 women aged 18 years and older with untreated PFD were recruited between June 2018 and August 2023. Data on sociodemographic, lifestyle factors, and clinical history were collected via questionnaires and clinical assessments. The Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory (PFDI-20) and Short Form-12 (SF-12) were used to assess symptom severity and HRQoL.

Results

The study found that 56% of participants experienced urinary incontinence (UI), 52% had pelvic organ prolapse (POP), and 47% reported gynecological disorders. Sleep apnea (OR: 18.3, p < 0.001) and menopause (OR: 2.48, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with higher symptom severity, while postpartum complications had a protective effect (OR: 0.01, p < 0.001). Obesity was inversely associated with symptom severity (OR: 0.3, p < 0.001). HRQoL scores showed that 97.6% of participants had high physical functioning (mean PF: 67.36 ± 11.62), but vitality (VT) was notably lower, with 27.8% scoring below 50 (mean VT: 54.84 ± 6.60). FI (p = 0.006) and pelvic pain (p = 0.001) were linked to significantly poorer physical functioning and higher bodily pain.

Conclusion

Untreated PFD has a profound impact on HRQoL, especially in women with sleep apnea, menopause, and pelvic pain. Early diagnosis and intervention are critical to mitigating these effects and improving long-term outcomes. These findings highlight the urgent need for targeted public health strategies to address untreated PFD.
Assessing the effectiveness of targeted educational interventions on enhancing self-efficacy and foot care practices among diabetic women in Jordan
Authors: Hijazi Heba , Al Abdi Rabah , Abuhammad Sawsan , Bani Issa Wegdan , Al-Sharman Alham , Saadeh Nesreen , AlMarzooqi Alounoud , Refaat Ahmed Fatma , Hossain Ahmed , Radwan Hadia , Arsyad Subu Muhammad , Alameddine Mohamad
Published: January 2025

Background

Diabetic foot is a major public health issue, leading to increased morbidity and mortality among diabetic patients. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of targeted health education interventions on self-efficacy and foot care practices among diabetic women in Jordan.

Methods

A pretest-posttest, quasi-experimental design was used to collect data from 76 diabetic women at a tertiary hospital in northern Jordan. Participants were assigned to three groups: a control group receiving standard care; Intervention Group 1, receiving standard care with weekly text reminders and follow-up calls; and Intervention Group 2, receiving the same components as Intervention Group 1, plus small group education sessions and hands-on foot care training. Generalized Estimating Equations models were used to assess the impact of the interventions on foot care practices and self-efficacy over an 8-week period.

Results

The findings revealed that participants in Intervention Group 2 demonstrated the most significant improvements in both foot care practices and self-efficacy. For foot care practices, Intervention Group 2 had adjusted odds ratios (aORs) of 2.5 (95% CI: 1.3–5.1) and 1.7 (95% CI: 1.2–2.9) when compared to the control group and Intervention Group 1, respectively. Similarly, for self-efficacy, the aORs for Intervention Group 2 were 2.7 (95% CI: 1.4–5.2) relative to the control group, and 1.8 (95% CI: 1.1–3.2) compared to Intervention Group 1.

Conclusion

Our study demonstrates that interactive educational approaches—featuring group discussions, real-time problem-solving, immediate feedback, and family support—can empower diabetic women to take a more active role in managing their foot health. Routine clinical care alone is insufficient to promote proactive foot care behaviors, highlighting the need for healthcare providers to incorporate educational materials tailored to the local cultural context into standard care to enhance patient outcomes.
The correlation between heavy metal ions in blood and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease from 1999 to 2018 based on NHANES data
Authors: Ma Haijun , Zhao Ju , Xu Jian
Published: January 2025

Background

Metabolic-associated steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis (MASLD) is a growing public health concern, with environmental factors potentially playing a role in its development. This study aimed to investigate the associations between serum cadmium and mercury levels and the risk of MASLD in a nationally representative sample from the United States.

Methods

Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999 to 2018 were analyzed. Serum cadmium and mercury concentrations were measured, and MASLD was defined based on established criteria. Logistic regression models were used to assess the associations between serum metal levels and MASLD, with adjustments for potential confounders. Stratified analyses and restricted cubic spline curves were employed to examine subgroup differences and nonlinear relationships.

Results

The study revealed significant inverse associations between serum cadmium and mercury levels and the likelihood of MASLD. Individuals in the highest quartiles of cadmium and mercury had lower odds of MASLD compared to those in the lowest quartiles (Model 3: Cadmium Q4 vs. Q1, Mercury Q4 vs. Q1). Stratified analyses showed stronger inverse associations in older adults, males, and never smokers for cadmium, and in females and individuals without diabetes for mercury. Nonlinear dose–response curves indicated critical thresholds beyond which the risk dynamics changed.

Conclusion

Higher serum levels of cadmium and mercury were associated with a lower risk of MASLD, with notable variations across subgroups. These findings challenge the conventional understanding of these heavy metals as universally harmful and highlight the need for further research to unravel the complex interplay between environmental exposures and MASLD pathophysiology.
Dementia incidence among a cohort of lebanese older adults: first incidence estimates from the Middle East and North Africa region
Authors: Chaaya Monique , Assaad Sarah , Darwish Hala , Haber Marc , Khoury Rosemary , Saab Dahlia , El Asmar Khalil , Hajjar Ramzi
Published: January 2025

Objective

To provide the first estimates of dementia incidence rates among elderly in Lebanon.

Methods

The cohort established in 2013 consisted of 470 elderly from Beirut and Mount Lebanon, who consented to be followed-up. In 2017, we reached 341 participants/informants, achieving a response rate of 72.6%. The validated Arabic version of the 10/66 Dementia Research Group diagnostic tool was administered through face-to-face interviews. Direct age standardization was applied to the data using the Western European population distribution. Age-, sex- and location-specific incidence rates were estimated.

Results

After 3.5 years of follow up, 19 new cases of dementia were identified among 229 surviving participants. The crude incidence rate was 16.8 per 1,000 p-y, and the age standardized rate was 20.5 per 1,000 p-y. The incidence rate increased with age, going from 6.5 for those aged 65–74 years to 54.0 for those aged 85–89 years. Incidence rate was higher among females than males (20.7 vs.12.0), and higher in Mount Lebanon, as compared to the capital city Beirut (19.5 vs.14.9).

Conclusion

Dementia incidence rate was close to European and North American countries' estimates. The use of validated tools increased the internal validity of our results. A large cohort study is warranted to confirm these results.
Musical neglect training for chronic persistent left hemispatial neglect with right hemiplegia post-stroke: a case report
Authors: Kasuya-Ueba Yuka , Maeda Koji
Published: January 2025

A 69-year-old right-handed man, who initially suffered a stroke 8 years ago and experienced two recurrences since then, presented with right hemiplegia and left hemispatial neglect as a post-stroke syndrome in the chronic phase. This report demonstrates the use of active musical instrument playing with Musical Neglect Training (MNT®) to improve severe left-side neglect and activities of daily living (ADLs). In addition to physical and occupational therapy, individual MNT® was incorporated into the patient's rehabilitation plan to improve his hemispatial neglect. At the initiation of the intervention, the number of uncrossed lines on the line cancellation test was 33 out of 40, and his Mini-Mental State Examination score was 17. Regarding ADLs, egocentric neglect was observed, especially during eating and wheelchair operations. Over the course of 18 months of weekly individual MNT®, a remarkable improvement was observed in the line cancellation test score (number of uncrossed lines = 4) and in ADLs. Follow-up tests showed that the effects of the intervention lasted at least 6 months. This is the first reported case demonstrating long-term effects observed at 6 months after an 18-month intervention period employing MNT® in a patient with severe chronic persistent hemispatial neglect. While rigorous studies are needed, our findings encourage further investigation of the benefits of MNT® interventions in post-stroke rehabilitation. In summary, long-term intervention involving active musical instrument playing, using auditory stimulus cues, significantly improved the severe symptoms of left hemispatial neglect in a patient with right hemiplegia, even during the chronic phase of recovery.
Care coordination for people living with serious mental illness: understanding the caregiver's perspective
Authors: Obegu Pamela , Nicholls Kayla , Alberti Mary
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Family caregivers of people living with serious mental illness such as bipolar disorder, psychosis and schizophrenia, are continuously burdened with caregiving, following the complexities of navigating the mental health system for their loved ones. The aim of the study was to understand the perspectives of caregivers about care coordination for people living with serious mental illness, highlighting the current landscape and new directions across Canada.

Methods

In this co-designed participatory qualitative research, caregivers of people living with serious mental illness, and service providers were engaged and purposively sampled across Canada.

Results

The main findings of the study revealed care coordination as a key strategy to alleviate the burden of caregivers and enhance sustainable support for them. In complement with collaborative mental health care, care coordination can improve service delivery and strengthen the mental health system.

Conclusion

Given the severity of bipolar disorder, psychosis and schizophrenia, it is important that we prioritize care for people living with these illnesses while providing support for their caregivers who bear the brunt of the otherwise fractured mental health system. Ultimately, collaboration between people and systems is how the mental health system can be much improved, and care coordinators serve as resourceful go-betweens in this ‘collaborativerse’.