SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PERSONS WITH SELF-DESTRUCTIVE BEHAVIOR
Authors: Yeshimbetova S.Z. , Rakhmensheev S.K. , Ismukhanova N.A. , Tokareva M.V. , Salikhova Z.I. 
Published: July 2024

Self-destructive behavior is behavior associated with various forms of self-destruction: from high-risk actions aimed at seeking new sensations to self-harm and suicidal acts. This problem remains the most acute problem of modern Kazakhstan, since according to the Wisevoter report, as of February 20, 2023, our fatherland ranks 19th out of 178 countries in the world in suicide statistics (17.6 per 100 thousand population). Objective: to study the role of socio-demographic and psychological factors in persons with self-destructive and to improve preventive measures. Materials and methods: Clinical and experimental psychological methods were used to study and analyze socio-demographic and psychological factors in people who showed self-destructive forms of behavior. This research was an initiative and was carried out on the basis of the agreement on cooperation between the Department of Psychiatry and Narcology of KazakhstanRussian Medical University and the Center of Mental Health in Almaty in the period from 01.09.2022 to 01.09.2023. 120 people with various forms of self-destructive behavior who applied for psychological help were included in the study. Results: Among people with self-destructive behavior, the majority of those who applied were females 81 (67.5%%), older adolescents 15-19 years old 52 (43.3%) and young adults 20-24 years old 36 (30%), unmarried 69 (57.5%), not addicted to surfactants and gambling 77 (59.6%), not on dynamic registration and observation in the center of mental health 118 (98.3%). The leading cause of self-destructive behavior was problems in the family 58 (48,3%), undivided love 30 (25%), 16 (13,3%) were bullied in educational institutions and because of debts 7 (5,8%). In the examined persons with self-destructive behavior prevailed behavioral disorders: demonstrativeness, schizoid tendencies, rigidity, jealousy, tendency to risk, impatience, selfdestructive tendencies in alcoholism, drug addiction and negative reactions of suicidal tendencies - anxiety, pessimism, seclusion from the real world, depression. Conclusions. 1. It has been established that females, older teenagers and young people, mainly unmarried (university) students living in Almaty, are more susceptible to destructive behavior. 2. The prevalence of self-destructive behavior represented by fleeting, unobtrusive, controlled thoughts about the “meaning of life” over active suicidal intentions and actions is revealed, which corresponds to the initial stage of formation of suicidal behavior in the structure of which a high rate of this contingent of persons seeking specialized psychological, psychotherapeutic and psychiatric help is revealed. 3. It has been established that in the formation of self-destructive behavior with a suicide attempt, along with the personal characteristics of individuals (demonstrativeness, schizoid tendencies, rigidity), the clinical component in the form of affective spectrum disorders, represented by a depressive mood background, is of dominant importance.