bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MnO2 and roflumilast-loaded probiotic membrane vesicles mitigate experimental colitis by synergistically augmenting cAMP in macrophage
Authors: Song Chengjun , Wu Jiamin , Wu Jinhui , Wang Fangyu
Published: May 2024

Background

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is one chronic and relapsing inflammatory bowel disease. Macrophage has been reputed as one trigger for UC. Recently, phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors, for instance roflumilast, have been regarded as one latent approach to modulating macrophage in UC treatment. Roflumilast can decelerate cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) degradation, which impedes TNF-α synthesis in macrophage. However, roflumilast is devoid of macrophage-target and consequently causes some unavoidable adverse reactions, which restrict the utilization in UC.

Results

Membrane vesicles (MVs) from probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN 1917) served as a drug delivery platform for targeting macrophage. As model drugs, roflumilast and MnO2 were encapsulated in MVs (Rof&MnO2@MVs). Roflumilast inhibited cAMP degradation via PDE4 deactivation and MnO2 boosted cAMP generation by activating adenylate cyclase (AC). Compared with roflumilast, co-delivery of roflumilast and MnO2 apparently produced more cAMP and less TNF-α in macrophage. Besides, Rof&MnO2@MVs could ameliorate colitis in mouse model and regulate gut microbe such as mitigating pathogenic Escherichia–Shigella and elevating probiotic Akkermansia.

Conclusions

A probiotic-based nanoparticle was prepared for precise codelivery of roflumilast and MnO2 into macrophage. This biomimetic nanoparticle could synergistically modulate cAMP in macrophage and ameliorate experimental colitis.

Graphical Abstract
Effects of flexor reflex stimulation on gait aspects in stroke patients: randomized clinical trial
Authors: Sehle Aida , Salzmann Christian , Liepert Joachim
Published: May 2024

Background

Gait deficits are very common after stroke and therefore an important aspect in poststroke rehabilitation. A currently little used method in gait rehabilitation after stroke is the activation of the flexor reflex (FR) by electrical stimulation of the sole of foot while walking. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of FR stimulation on gait performance and gait parameters in participants with stroke within a single session of flexor reflex stimulation using Incedo™.

Methods

Twenty-five participants with subacute (n = 14) and chronic (n = 11) stroke were enrolled in the study. Motor functions were tested with a 10-m walk test (10mWT), a 2-min walk test (2minWT), and a gait analysis. These tests were performed with and without Incedo™ within a single session in randomized order.

Results

In the 10mWT, a significant difference was found between walking with Incedo™ (15.0 ± 8.5 s) versus without Incedo™ (17.0 ± 11.4 s, p = 0.01). Similarly, the 2minWT showed a significant improvement with Incedo™ use (90.0 ± 36.4 m) compared to without Incedo™ (86.3 ± 36.8 m, p = 0.03). These results indicate that while the improvements are statistically significant, they are modest and should be considered in the context of their clinical relevance. The gait parameters remained unchanged except for the step length. A subgroup analysis indicated that participants with subacute and chronic stroke responded similarly to the stimulation. There was a correlation between the degree of response to electrostimulation while walking and degree of improvement in 2minWT (r = 0.50, p = 0.01).

Conclusions

This study is the first to examine FR activation effects in chronic stroke patients and suggests that stimulation effects are independent of the time since stroke. A larger controlled clinical trial is warranted that addresses issues as the necessary number of therapeutical sessions and for how long stimulation-induced improvements outlast the treatment period.

Trial registration: The trial was retrospectively registered in German Clinical Trials Register. Clinical trial registration number: DRKS00021457. Date of registration: 29 June 2020.
Surgical approach on combined chronic patellar tendon and bicruciate knee ligament injury
Authors: Piedade Sérgio Rocha , Górios Carlos , Spiezia Filippo , Maffulli Nicola
Published: May 2024

A combined injury of the patellar tendon and both the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments is disabling. It directly affects knee kinematics and biomechanics, presenting a considerable surgical challenge. In this complex and uncommon injury, decision-making should take into account the surgeon’s experience and consider one- or two-stage surgery, tendon graft, graft fixation, and rehabilitation protocol. This manuscript discusses the surgical approach based on a comprehensive understanding of the patellar tendon and bicruciate biomechanics to guide which structures should be reconstructed first, especially when a two-stage procedure is chosen.
In vivo study of a novel 3D-printed motion-preservation artificial cervical corpectomy construct: short-term imaging and biocompatibility evaluations in a goat model
Authors: Wang Jian , Meng Bing , Wang Xinli , Lei Wei , Zhao Xiong
Published: May 2024

Background

Nonfusion technologies, such as motion-preservation devices, have begun a new era of treatment options in spine surgery. Motion-preservation approaches mainly include total disc replacement for anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. However, for multisegment fusion, such as anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion, the options are more limited. Therefore, we designed a novel 3D-printed motion-preservation artificial cervical corpectomy construct (ACCC) for multisegment fusion. The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility of ACCC in a goat model.

Methods

Goats were treated with anterior C3 corpectomy and ACCC implantation and randomly divided into two groups evaluated at 3 or 6 months. Radiography, 3D CT reconstruction and MRI evaluations were performed. Biocompatibility was evaluated using micro-CT and histology.

Results

Postoperatively, all goats were in good condition, with free neck movement. Implant positioning was optimal. The relationship between facet joints was stable. The range of motion of the C2-C4 segments during flexion–extension at 3 and 6 months postoperatively was 7.8° and 7.3°, respectively. The implants were wrapped by new bone tissue, which had grown into the porous structure. Cartilage tissue, ossification centres, new blood vessels, and bone mineralization were observed at the porous metal vertebrae-bone interface and in the metal pores.

Conclusions

The ACCC provided stabilization while preserving the motion of the functional spinal unit and promoting bone regeneration and vascularization. In this study, the ACCC was used for anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion (ACCF) in a goat model. We hope that this study will propel further research of motion-preservation devices.
Impact of frailty on mortality, hospitalization, cardiovascular events, and complications in patients with diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Miao Zhiying , Zhang Qiuyi , Yin Jijing , Li Lihua , Feng Yan
Published: May 2024

Background

Several studies have focused on the impact of frailty on the health outcomes of individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM). This meta-analysis aims to systematically synthesize the existing evidence on frailty and its association with mortality, hospitalizations, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetic complications in DM.

Methods

A comprehensive search in PubMed, Embase, and SCOPUS was carried out to identify relevant studies assessing the impact of frailty on mortality, hospitalizations, complications, and cardiovascular events in individuals with DM. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the New Castle Ottawa Scale.

Results

From the 22 studies included, our meta-analysis revealed significant associations between frailty and adverse outcomes in individuals with DM. The pooled hazard ratios for mortality and frailty showed a substantial effect size of 1.84 (95% CI 1.46–2.31). Similarly, the odds ratio for hospitalization and frailty demonstrated a significant risk with an effect size of 1.63 (95% CI 1.50–1.78). In addition, frailty was associated with an increased risk of developing diabetic nephropathy (HR, 3.17; 95% CI 1.16–8.68) and diabetic retinopathy (HR, 1.94; 95% CI 0.80–4.71).

Conclusion

Our results show a consistent link between frailty and increased mortality, heightened hospitalization rates, and higher risks of cardiovascular disease, diabetic nephropathy, and diabetic retinopathy for patients with DM.

PROSPERO Registration Number: CRD42023485166
Another market segment: sport event tourism by disabled athletes
Authors: Yun Seokmin , Kim Kyungjin , Lee Sangyung , Kim Young Hoon
Published: May 2024

Sports and tourism are connected in various parts of economies, cultures, and nations. However, there has been a limited understanding of sports event tourism involving disabled athletes. This study explored the behavioral and socio-demographic implications of the disabled sports event tourism and investigated the motivational factors involved. An in-person survey was administered to 108 disabled athletes who attended the summer and winter Paralympics. A Structural Equation Model was used to determine the association between the factors of life satisfaction, emotional happiness, escapism, perceived value, and future intention, using the Monte Carlo parametric bootstrapping method to test significance of direct and indirect effects. Cronbach was acceptable because it exceeds 0.70 which satisfies the cut-off of confirmatory factor analysis. In addition, the individual values of average variance extracted (AVE), were greater than 0.50 (0.72) which meets the requirement and the convergent validity of all the constructs. The results showed that life satisfaction had a significant direct effect on future intentions. Emotional happiness had a significant direct effect on the perceived value of an event. Escapism had significant direct effects on perceived value and future intentions. Perceived value significantly influenced future intentions. The relationship between emotional happiness and future intention was fully mediated by perceived value. However, the relationship between escapism and future intention was only partially mediated by perceived value. The results of this study are valuable for developing future management and marketing policies for disabled athletes and tourists to advance the existing sports event tourism and disabled athlete’s behavior studies.
Effect of low versus high balance training complexity on balance performance in male adolescents
Authors: Muehlbauer Thomas , Eckardt Lucas , Höptner Lukas , Hill Mathew W.
Published: May 2024

Objective

The current study aimed to determine the effects of low (i.e., balance task only) versus high (i.e., balance task combined with an additional motor task like dribbling a basketball) balance training complexity (6 weeks of training consisting of 2 × 30 min balance exercises per week) on measures of static and dynamic balance in 44 healthy male adolescents (mean age: 13.3 ± 1.6 years).

Results

Irrespective of balance training complexity, significant medium- to large-sized pretest to posttest improvements were detected for static (i.e., One-Legged Stance test, stance time [s], 0.001 < p ≤ 0.008) and dynamic (i.e., 3-m Beam Walking Backward test, steps [n], 0.001 < p ≤ 0.002; Y-Balance-Test-Lower-Quarter, reach distance [cm], 0.001 < p ≤ 0.003) balance performance. Further, in all but one comparison (i.e., stance time with eyes opened on foam ground) no group × test interactions were found. These results imply that balance training is effective to improve static and dynamic measures of balance in healthy male adolescents, but the effectiveness seems unaffected by the applied level of balance training complexity.
Identifying novel clinical phenotypes of acute respiratory distress syndrome using trajectories of daily fluid balance: a secondary analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Wu Fei , Shi Suqin , Wang Zixuan , Wang Yurong , Xia Le , Feng Qingling , Hang Xin , Zhu Min , Zhuang Jinqiang
Published: May 2024

Background

Previously identified phenotypes of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) could not reveal the dynamic change of phenotypes over time. We aimed to identify novel clinical phenotypes in ARDS using trajectories of fluid balance, to test whether phenotypes respond differently to different treatment, and to develop a simplified model for phenotype identification.

Methods

FACTT (conservative vs liberal fluid management) trial was classified as a development cohort, joint latent class mixed models (JLCMMs) were employed to identify trajectories of fluid balance. Heterogeneity of treatment effect (HTE) for fluid management strategy across phenotypes was investigated. We also constructed a parsimonious probabilistic model using baseline data to predict the fluid trajectories in the development cohort. The trajectory groups and the probabilistic model were externally validated in EDEN (initial trophic vs full enteral feeding) trial.

Results

Using JLCMM, we identified two trajectory groups in the development cohort: Class 1 (n = 758, 76.4% of the cohort) had an early positive fluid balance, but achieved negative fluid balance rapidly, and Class 2 (n = 234, 24.6% of the cohort) was characterized by persistent positive fluid balance. Compared to Class 1 patients, patients in Class 2 had significantly higher 60-day mortality (53.5% vs. 17.8%, p < 0.001), and fewer ventilator-free days (0 vs. 20, p < 0.001). A significant HTE between phenotypes and fluid management strategies was observed in the FACTT. An 8-variables model was derived for phenotype assignment.

Conclusions

We identified and validated two novel clinical trajectories for ARDS patients, with both prognostic and predictive enrichment. The trajectories of ARDS can be identified with simple classifier models.
Cerebellar liponeurocytoma: clinico-epidemiological, pathological, radiological, genetic, therapeutic and evolutionary characteristics—a review of the literature
Authors: Jribi Ahmed , Dhouib Fatma , Siala Wicem , Fourati Nejla , Daoud Jamel
Published: May 2024

Cerebellar liponeurocytoma is a rare benign tumor of the central nervous system affecting adults and mainly the posterior fossa. Its positive diagnosis remains difficult due to its rarity and the presence of several differential diagnoses including medulloblastoma. The oncogenetic mechanism, the therapeutic modalities and results are still currently under study. Very few cases have been published in the literature. The aim of this review is to report, through the available data, all its various clinico-epidemiological, pathological, radiological, genetic, therapeutic and evolutionary features. In fact, this tumor is associated with a slow-growing character, appears in young adulthood with slight female predominance and is often manifested by intracranial hypertension symptoms. It is pathologically characterized by a focal component of lipomatous differentiation and a low proliferation index. It is usually presented in imaging by a well-limited mass with signal attenuation for fatty tissue and heterogeneous contrast. No mutation has been identified yet. The gold standard treatment of this tumor is maximal complete resection. The evolutionary profile is marked by frequent local recurrence. Radiotherapy could be discussed in case of recurrence, incomplete surgery, inoperable cases and cases with high proliferation index, and there is to date no proof of benefit for systemic treatment. Due to the numerous similarities of this entity with medulloblastoma, it should be always evoked face to any suspicion of medulloblastoma in adults in order to avoid a wrong overtreatment.
Why choose BJPsych Bulletin?
Authors: Forrester Andrew
Published: May 2024

BJPsych Bulletin was first established as the Bulletin of the Royal College of Psychiatrists in 1977. Since then, it has extended its influence within the field, and it is now the go-to journal for practical clinical considerations in psychiatry, and mental health more widely. It stands together with the wider family of RCPsych journals – BJPsych, BJPsych Advances, BJPsych Open and BJPsych International – and offers a number of distinct advantages for readers and authors. I commend it to you.
Better Living through Political Engineering
Authors: McCann Charles R. , Kapuria-Foreman Vibha
Published: May 2024

Much has been written about the philosophy of social control, particularly as it developed from the end of the nineteenth century to the early 1920s. Yet little if any appreciation has been given to the work of James MacKaye and Helen Sumner in promoting the program of political engineering and their efforts at establishing to this end an Institute of Political Engineering. This essay will examine the philosophy of James MacKaye and the creation of the institute that was to fulfill his mission, and it will highlight the important contribution of Helen Sumner in its creation.
Τεχνοεπιστημονικά δίκτυα και αγροτικές πολιτικές στην Ελλάδα
Authors: Αλεξάκης Σωτήρης
Published: May 2024

Στην παρούσα μελέτη επιχειρείται η ιστορική ανασυγκρότηση της ελληνικής σιτοπαραγωγής ως ένα κοινωνικοτεχνικό σύστημα της αγροτικής παραγωγής από την περίοδο του μεσοπολέμου μέχρι σήμερα. Η προσέγγιση του θέματος γίνεται μέσω των πεδίων της Ιστορίας της Επιστήμης και της Τεχνολογίας, και των Σπουδών Επιστήμης και Τεχνολογίας. Στο επίκεντρο της ανάλυσης τοποθετούνται τα τεχνοεπιστημονικά δίκτυα ως κρίσιμοι παράγοντες διαμόρφωσης της πορείας που ακολούθησε η σιτοπαραγωγή στην Ελλάδα. Τα τεχνοεπιστημονικά δίκτυα περιλαμβάνουν τόσο τις υλικές διατάξεις και τις υποδομές, όσο και τους ιστορικούς πρωταγωνιστές οι οποίοι διαδραμάτισαν καίριο ρόλο ως προς τη συγκρότηση συγκεκριμένων πολιτικών και κατευθύνσεων. Η διατριβή αποτελεί την πρώτη μελέτη η οποία επικεντρώνεται αποκλειστικά στην ιστορία της σιτοπαραγωγής στην Ελλάδα ενώ, παράλληλα, αποτελεί μια προσπάθεια διεύρυνσης του ερμηνευτικού πλαισίου όπως αποτυπώνεται μέχρι στιγμής στην ιστοριογραφία της ελληνικής γεωργίας. Η ανάλυση ακολουθεί δυο κομβικά υποσυστήματα τα οποία καθόρισαν τις κατευθύνσεις του κοινωνικοτεχνικού συστήματος της σιτοπαραγωγής: τους σπόρους και τα χημικά λιπάσματα. Τα δύο αυτά υποσυστήματα αποτελέσαν τα κρίσιμα πεδία αλληλεπίδρασης μεταξύ των τεχνοεπιστημονικών δικτύων, που εν τέλει καθόρισαν την πορεία που ακολούθησε η καλλιέργεια του σιταριού τα τελευταία 100 χρόνια. Εντός αυτού του πλαισίου εξετάζεται ο ρόλος της επιστήμης και της τεχνολογίας στη συγκρότηση και τη νομιμοποίηση των σχετικών πολιτικών, οι όροι που διαπραγματεύτηκαν οι τεχνικές επιλογές και η αξιοπιστία των τεχνολογιών, το πώς διαμορφώθηκαν συγκεκριμένες κοινωνικές και οικονομικές σχέσεις μέσω της τεχνοπολιτικής, καθώς και πώς δομήθηκαν συγκεκριμένα κοινωνικοτεχνικά φαντασιακά όπως αυτά της «παραγωγικότητας» και της «ποιότητας». Μέσα από την ανάλυση αναδεικνύεται για πρώτη φορά ο κρίσιμος ρόλος της αλληλεπίδρασης μεταξύ των τεχνοεπιστημονικών στη διαμόρφωση της σχέσης του αγροτικού κόσμου με το περιβάλλον, καθώς και στις υλικές δεσμεύσεις σε συγκεκριμένα συστήματα παραγωγής.
Methods of Analysis and Evaluation of Effectiveness «green» investments
Authors: Astvacaturova K.
Published: May 2024

The development of methods for analyzing and evaluating the success of «green» investments is one of the urgent problems today due to the lack of a strict scientific basis for the approaches used. In this paper, the author’s methodology for the approach to the analysis and evaluation of the effectiveness of «green» investments is described and tested on the example of a metallurgical project.
Formation of information on production costs in accounting in accordance with FSB 5/2019 "Stocks"
Authors: Polenova S.
Published: May 2024

In article is described main rules of conduct of the accounting the expenses on production of the product, work, services and are given recommendations upon their practical application
Effectiveness of a rehabilitation protocol after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in returning to match rhythm: a case study of a professional soccer player
Authors: Kacprzak Bartłomiej , Siuba Natalia , Miler Adrian , Kitchke Ewa , Hagner-Derengowska Magdalena , Zukow Walery
Published: May 2024

This case study presents the rehabilitation process of professional soccer player M.L. after surgical reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) using the BTB method. Rehabilitation, lasting 3.5 months, enabled a quick return to the game. The course of treatment was based on an intensive rehabilitation protocol without the use of an orthosis, with early weight-bearing of the limb and focusing on rebuilding strength, stability and proprioception. Evaluation of the effectiveness of rehabilitation was carried out using functional tests and questionnaires KOOS, Kujala, SF-36.
Biblioteka pedagogiczna przyszłości. Niekonwencjonalne zasoby i użytkownicy jutra
Authors: Ślusarek Marta , Bukowczan Wanda
Published: May 2024

Wielu z nas codziennie obserwuje żywiołowy rozwój „cyfrowego świata”. Rzeczywistość ulega szybkim przekształceniom, zmieniają się potrzeby i aspiracje ludzi, a nowe technologie otwierają przed nami nieznane wcześniej możliwości, które dotychczas żyły tylko w wizjach literatów futurologów. Często wydaje się nawet, że nowoczesne realia wykraczają daleko poza dawniejsze wyobrażenia. Rozważania nad miejscem, formą istnienia i rolą bibliotek pedagogicznych, w tej dokonującej się na naszych oczach przemianie, były tematem przewodnim VII Nowego Ogólnopolskiego Forum Bibliotek Pedagogicznych, które odbyło się w dniach 15-16 czerwca 2023 roku. Wśród zagadnień poruszanych na konferencji znalazły się: przyszłość bibliotek pedagogicznych w kontekście dynamicznego rozwoju nowych technologii cyfrowych, kompetencje współczesnych bibliotekarzy, oczekiwania i potrzeby czytelników oraz sposoby kształtowania bibliotek jako nowoczesnych centrów informacji i edukacji. Niniejszy tom prezentuje zarówno przegląd propozycji teoretyków przewidujących dalsze ścieżki rozwoju nowoczesnego bibliotekarstwa, jak i relacje bibliotekarzy praktyków, którzy starają się nadążyć w biegu za nowoczesnością.
Kodowanie i roboty edukacyjne w bibliotece. Praktyka Pedagogicznej Biblioteki Wojewódzkiej im. Hugona Kołłątaja w Krakowie
Authors: Kierc Klaudia
Published: May 2024

Libraries has faced a new challenge since programming and coding were included in a new programme foundation, i.e. supporting students and teachers within reading and media education with the acceptance of modern technologies – educational robots. The article discusses advantages of introducing the elements of coding and programming into the everyday activities of students. It has also been sketched where to start an adventure with coding and two types of robots have been presented – Ozobot and Photon. Furthermore, the article indicates several issues and examples of areas where robots can be used.
Las consecuencias para el ser humano medio de construir la globalización sobre un modelo de desarrollo glocal: posibles respuestas
Authors: Olasolo Héctor
Published: May 2024

A diferencia de épocas anteriores, el tiempo comienza a pasar factura de manera inexorable ante la ausencia de una respuesta eficaz al modelo de desarrollo global-local (glocal) y a la invisibilización del ser humano medio, que promueve la transculturalidad neoliberal de la ciudadanía global. Las respuestas hasta ahora intentadas son lentas, tienen un alcance muy limitado y se enfrentan a numerosos obstáculos. Así, los organismos universales y regionales de protección de los derechos humanos limitan en gran medida su actividad al ámbito de lo simbólico y las jurisdicciones nacionales que ofrecen recursos judiciales accesibles y a bajo costo contra las violaciones de derechos fundamentales se encuentran desbordadas. La función que puede desempeñar en este ámbito la justicia comunitaria se ve con frecuencia obstaculizada en aquellas áreas bajo la influencia o control de grupos armados organizados al margen de la ley y los procesos de diálogo intercultural e interreligioso siguen su curso de manera parsimoniosa, con sus avances y retrocesos. Ante esta inesperada, las numerosas reflexiones realizadas el año pasado con motivo del 70 aniversario de la Declaración Universal de los Derechos Humanos se presentan como una excelente oportunidad para dejar en un segundo plano las celebraciones de los hitos del pasado, y sumergirse en la articulación de una propuesta de futuro que pueda abordar de manera eficaz los profundos problemas que genera para el ser humano medio el modelo de desarrollo glocal impulsado por la transculturalidad neoliberal de la ciudadanía global.
Análisis de la “cosa juzgada fraudulenta” desde el derecho internacional. ¿Hacia dónde caminamos?
Authors: Coronel Ojeda Esteban
Published: May 2024

La justicia entra en sospecha cuando las investigaciones encubren la verdad y propenden la impunidad de los grandes crímenes. Como reacción, el derecho internacional construyó la teoría de la “cosa juzgada fraudulenta” después de los juicios de Núremberg, navegó por varios estatutos y tribunales internacionales, llegando a buen puerto de aplicación en crímenes ius cogens en el Ecuador. Ahora, el derecho enfrenta una época de transición ante el auge de la criminalidad transnacional. Por una parte, intenta someter su fuerza a la esfera del derecho interno. Ante su fracaso, apuesta por la intervención del derecho internacional penal. De cara al futuro, en este artículo se analiza una nueva perspectiva de aplicación de la cosa juzgada fraudulenta.
El uso de los principios del derecho blando (soft law) para la adecuación de los modelos normativos de la justicia transicional. La construcción de un proceso glocal
Authors: Bonilla Montenegro Julián Darío
Published: May 2024

El derecho internacional público no tiene establecido un sistema único que determine cuáles son las condiciones para la construcción de las normas jurídicas internacionales. Al haber la posibilidad de ampliar los marcos de generación de estas normas es posible identificar el manejo que se ha hecho, particularmente del reconocido como derecho blando —soft law—, como un referente que demuestra la existencia de un campo de dinamismo al derecho internacional. Este capítulo trabaja desde el método sintético —a través de la construcción de campos teóricos vinculados sobre los conceptos de derecho blando y justicia transicional— con el fin de lograr la identificación de la forma como se han desarrollado los principios de justicia transicional, desde un inicio a nivel local hasta su consolidación internacional mediante los denominados Principios Joinet de 1997. Se demostrará que el desarrollo de marcos normativos en el derecho internacional público son también el efecto de un proceso de ascenso desde lo local (intraestatal) hasta lo global (interestatal), generando procesos y actividades en donde priman las prácticas de glocalidad. Lo anterior permite identificar la interrelación entre estos procesos mediante la configuración de modelos normativos propios del derecho blando. Se ofrecerá una revisión tomando en consideración aquellas coordenadas históricas más representativas dentro de la creación de la justicia transicional y su posterior uso en modelos nacionales, como ha sido el caso colombiano, particularmente desde los procesos de negociación con los grupos paramilitares (2003-2006) hasta la negociación entre el Gobierno colombiano y las FARC (2012-2016).
La recepción y desarrollo jurisprudencial de la responsabilidad internacional del Estado por la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos en materia de los criterios de atribución de conductas al Estado: el hecho ilícito en el tiempo y las formas de reparación integral
Authors: Abello-Galvis Ricardo , Arévalo-Ramírez Walter
Published: May 2024

El presente capítulo analiza la recepción y desarrollo de la teoría de la responsabilidad internacional del Estado por hechos ilícitos, que ha realizado la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos en su jurisprudencia, especialmente en los ámbitos de los criterios de atribución de conductas al Estado, la caracterización del hecho ilícito y su duración en el tiempo y las formas de reparación. El capítulo pretende analizar cómo la Corte ha incorporado satisfactoriamente los desarrollos de la Comisión de Derecho Internacional en la materia, pero adicionalmente ha generado desarrollos importantes en casos icónicos de su jurisprudencia, contribuyendo al desarrollo del derecho internacional.
Dan más balas de las que reciben Uso de la fuerza letal en la Venezuela pos-Chávez
Authors: Ávila Keymer
Published: May 2024

El presente capítulo parte de la hipótesis según la cual la mayoría de las muertes a manos de las fuerzas de seguridad del Estado no son producto de enfrentamientos regulares con grupos delictivos equivalentes, sino más bien el resultado de un uso arbitrario y desproporcionado de la fuerza letal por parte de estos organismos.
Del punitivismo carcelario a la matanza sistemática El avance de los operativos militarizados en la era pos-Chávez
Authors: Zubillaga Verónica , Hanson Rebecca
Published: May 2024

En este capítulo quisiéramos plantear que para comprender el aumento reciente de la violencia letal en Venezuela, y específicamente en Caracas en el período pos-Chávez, tenemos que ubicar en el centro del análisis los discursos y las prácticas de un actor protagónico: el Estado, en un contexto de colapso de los precios del petróleo. Nos referimos específicamente al período de la presidencia de Nicolás Maduro que, experimentando las consecuencias de la intensa baja de los precios del petróleo y padeciendo los estragos de una corrupción extendida, verifica en la actualidad escasez y carestía de alimentos, hiperinflación, escasez de medicinas y colapso del sistema sanitario, el agudo deterioro de la infraestructura urbana y de los salarios de los trabajadores. En fin, un contexto de penuria económica y social en el que los sectores populares resultan, de nuevo, los más afectados.
Regional Bank customer relationship management model through Public Relations functions
Authors: Sri Wahyuningsih Yuni , Rochayanti Christina , Lestari Puji
Published: May 2024

The banking industry, in practice, was established as the community's economic foundation that provides financial services expected to restore and enhance national and regional economic growth. Bank BPD DIY has a strategic role as a government partner and a motor accelerator of regional development in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. State civil apparatus (ASN) DIY is required to use Bank BPD DIY; it is necessary for customer relationship management (customer). This study aimed to find a model of customer relationship management of regional banks through public relations functions. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study method. The results of this study indicate that the customer relationship management model at Bank BPD DIY is carried out through three aspects. The first is to provide excellent service (excellent service), which is implemented by implementing the main values of Bank BPD DIY, namely respect, accuracy, modernity, trust, and reliability (friendly), providing funds and credit services, mobile banking, and customer service, and call center. Second, build customer satisfaction and loyalty through programs that provide promos, giveaways, sweepstakes, birthday greetings, and Corporate Social Responsibility. Third, develop good relationships with consumers through the use of social media such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and WhatsApp broadcasts, organizing events, as well as providing sponsorship assistance in the form of products and cash.
Time based Meticulous analysis of pandemic spreading ratio using Simpy framework
Authors: Ashraf Shahzad , Muhammad Durr
Published: May 2024

Due to the unavoidable spread of COVID-19 and even taking all substantial measures, the ratio of infected people and death rate seems to be out of control. In this increasingly worsening situation, the aim of this article is that it is important to take extraordinary measures to deal with this exceptional pandemic situation, and this is only possible if the actual ratio of the spread of the pandemic is known. Therefore, ingenious pandemic models are being developed to produce real-time infection statistics on an hourly, weekly, and monthly basis. This clever model leverages well-known data sets and when they will be applied to determine the status of three types of infections: the number of infected people, the time the pandemic started, and the time it ended. The time-based results are generated by conduction simulation in the Simpy Python framework, and the resulting results are characteristic of the real-time infection spread ratio. This shows when extraordinary measures for the infection ratio are necessary and when they become reasonable.
Representation of Liberal Feminism on the 2020 Mulan Movie
Authors: Indriani Tri , Wenerda Indah
Published: May 2024

This research aims to explore the characteristics of Mulan as the only female soldier of the Chinese emperor in challenging the stereotypes of women that have been formed in society. The film shows Mulan's adventures as the only female soldier of the Chinese emperor. This research method uses a qualitative descriptive approach through observation and analysis of each scene and narrative available to explore the feminist values contained in this film. There were findings that Hua Mulan made efforts to challenge the stereotypes that developed regarding women. Hua Mulan challenges the boundaries that society places on women. In conclusion, Hua Mulan shows the characteristics of liberal feminism in the character Mulan which focuses on individual rights in obtaining opportunities, changes in social and legal policies that are no different for women.
Communication audit of Doto Coffee's promotion strategy for the Bicycle community
Authors: Septian Alin Fithar Lalu , Routania Fransiska Olva
Published: May 2024

The coffee shop business is increasingly mushrooming in Lombok, and this causes coffee shops to carry out many promotional strategies to compete with competitors and bring in many customers. Coffee shops carry out many kinds of promotions through social media by targeting a diverse target audience. The promotions carried out by coffee shops target the community for cooperation. Approaching the community is a challenge for coffee shops. This study aims to conduct a communication audit on the discount promotion program for Doto coffee bicycle users. The method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative method with a communication audit approach using the SOSTAC model. SOSTAC approach has six stages: Situation analysis, Objective, Strategy, Tactics, Actions, and Control. The results of the communication audit state that the promotional strategy carried out by Doto Coffee has used promotional principles, although many things could be improved. Overall problem. The problem is more dominant in the need for more variation in Doto Coffee's promotional strategies to bring in the bicycle community. The strategy used is only on social media but does not use the community relations approach, even though Doto Coffee's goal is to bring in the community. The recommendations given from this research to Doto Coffee are expected to approach using community relations and social media as a promotional medium to bring in the community and increase community trust.
Creativity of program producer ‘Inside Indonesia’ CNN Jakarta
Authors: Sarifah Siti , Setio Utomo Ardian
Published: May 2024

The creativity of the Inside Indonesia Program Producer is essential in its production, so the producer must be able to think and express ideas or thoughts in writing. This research aims to discover what creativity producers have in the Inside Indonesia program, which can later be used as a reference for future productions. This research uses a qualitative approach to see how to manage a media company in the current era, specifically looking at how creative producers face media competition in the digital era at CNN Jakarta. The results of this research show that there is some producer creativity that has been carried out in producing the Inside Indonesia Program, such as different thinking carried out by the team by determining the best image and best soundbite, as well as including elements of paradox and conflict, the ability to find unusual solutions to a problem, The stages of the production process for the Inside Indonesia Program went through the production process, Pre-Production, Production, and Post-Production. The creative elements of creation, change, development, and imitation in this program can be seen starting from the creation of existing ideas/concepts, changes based on evaluations carried out, and development by looking at existing developments as well as the creation of new ideas according to current audience/market demands.
Employee Performance Assessment Model in Survey Service Companies Using Analytical Hierarchy Process and Naive Bayes
Authors: Hindayanti Heni , Septiani Winnie , Maulidya Rahmi
Published: May 2024

Assessment of the performance of employees of a survey service company produces a final score that is not in accordance with the company's transformation strategy in responding to external challenges and demands. The variable assessment process still uses 180 Degree Feedback which is one-way from superiors to employees. This makes the company's learning and growth activities, especially in the human resources department, not occur. Therefore, companies should improve the assessment model to become a tool for acquiring highly qualified performing employees. This study contributes to obtain a more comprehensive employee performance assessment model proposal and evaluate the model so that it can be implemented. The research limitation lies in the use of data, namely contract employees with the position of Project Manager. This study uses the Analytical Hierarchy Process and Naïve Bayes methods to obtain variable weights. Based on the results of the analysis, it was found that SOE (State Owned Enterprises) AKHLAK was a new variable. The classification of the assessment variables is divided into Performance and Behavioral aspects based on the Minister of SOE Regulation. Changes that occur include formulas, mechanisms, and rating scales. The results of the verification and validation show that the model is in accordance with the design so that it can be implemented. Model trials with 360 DF show that PM's final score has a good chance of being assessed as a full-time employee. This valuation model can change along with company policies in responding to internal and external changes.
Sentiment Analysis about Electric Motorbikes in Indonesia Using Twitter Data
Authors: Irawati Desrina Yusi , Bellanov Agrienta , Damayanti Florencia Agatha
Published: May 2024

Along with the rapid development of technology, various types of transportation have experienced increased innovation in shapes, colours,models, and even engines. However, one thing that needs special attention is the number of pollutants or emissions released by vehicles. One effort to reduce emissions is increasing the production of Battery-Based Electric Motorized Vehicles. Battery-based electric vehicles developed in Indonesia include electric cars and electric motorcycles. Among these types of electric vehicles, Indonesian society widely adopts electric motorcycles. However, sales of electric motorbikes were only 15 thousand units, lower than sales of petrol motorbikes which reached 5 million units. This study contributes to understanding further how the community responds to electric motorcycles in detail through sentiment analysis on social media data. Consumer acceptance of electric motorcycles can be seen from the numerous active Twitter users in Indonesia who provide positive and negative comments on the presence of electric motorcycles. Text information based on public comments in Indonesia via Twitter is collected using Sentiment Analysis in R Studio. Twitter comments will be classified into positive, negative, and neutral groups. The results show 63% positive, 21% unfavourable, and 14% neutral opinions. This condition means that Indonesian society accepts and has a supportive opinion of the presence of electric motorcycles. The government and entrepreneurs can use this information to create electric motorcycles that align with the community's preferences.
Designing Animal Market Layout by Considering Consumer Purchase Behaviors
Authors: Setiawan Danang , Fadlika Raka Shidqi , Qurtubi Qurtubi
Published: May 2024

Sales transaction data contains rich information and can support company competitiveness. However, this transaction data is initially unstructured and needs to be processed into insight for the company's decision-making. Market Basket Analysis (MBA) is a data mining technique that can be used to study consumer purchasing patterns. This paper presents a case study on using an MBA to obtain consumer buying behaviors where the result of the MBA is then used to design a proposed layout. The animal market governed by Yogyakarta Province, known as Pasty Market, was used as a case study. Pasty Market is an animal trading center with around 30,000 square meters area and 255 sellers that sell various kinds of animals such as songbirds, dove birds, rabbits, cats, dogs, iguanas, turtles, ornamental chickens, and ornamental fish as well as animal food and cage. With this enormous area and number of merchants, the layout of Pasty Market becomes crucial in customer satisfaction. Association rules result in four priority levels in proposed layout planning, where these rules are used to determine the proximity among items in the proposed layout. These four levels of priority, ordered by the confidence value, are (1) “songbirds” and “bird food” (confidence value 91%), (2) “ornamental fish” and “turtles” (confidence value 80-90%), (3) “birdcages” and “songbirds” (confidence value 70-80%), and (4) “cats” and “dog” as well as “birdcages” and “birds” (confidence value 50-70%). Association rules were then used as the basis for determining the proximity value between merchants, where the proximity rules were then used for designing a proposed layout.
Thoracic giant cell tumor after two total en bloc spondylectomies including one emergency surgery: A case report
Authors: Liang Hai-Feng , Xu Hao , Zhan Meng-Na , Xiao Jian , Li Juan , Fei Qin-Ming
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

For patients with acute paraplegia caused by spinal giant cell tumor (GCT) who require emergency decompressive surgery, there is still a lack of relevant reports on surgical options. This study is the first to present the case of an acute paraplegic patient with a thoracic spinal GCT who underwent an emergency total en bloc spondylectomy (TES). Despite tumor recurrence, three-level TES was repeated after denosumab therapy.

CASE SUMMARY

A 27-year-old female patient who underwent single-level TES in an emergency presented with sudden severe back pain and acute paraplegia due to a thoracic spinal tumor. After emergency TES, the patient's spinal cord function recovered, and permanent paralysis was avoided. The postoperative histopathological examination revealed that the excised neoplasm was a rare GCT. Unfortunately, the tumor recurred 9 months after the first surgery. After 12 months of denosumab therapy, the tumor size was reduced, and tumor calcification. To prevent recurrent tumor progression and provide a possible cure, a three-level TES was performed again. The patient returned to an active lifestyle 1 month after the second surgery, and no recurrence of GCT was found at the last follow-up.

CONCLUSION

This patient with acute paraplegia underwent TES twice, including once in an emergency, and achieved good therapeutic results. TES in emergency surgery is feasible and safe when conditions permit; however, it may increase the risk of tumor recurrence.
What does work-based welfare reform mean for women?
Authors: Wright Sharon
Published: May 2024

This chapter establishes the importance of understanding how welfare conditionality impacts on women. Welfare conditionality is defined and the rise in work-related social-security policy is set out. Dorothy Smith’s ideas are used to cast light on gendered experiences of work-related conditionality. Smith was a Canadian feminist sociologist who compared women’s actual lived experiences, situated within their local contexts, with the policy-related texts that mediate their lives. This approach is used to interpret conditional welfare reforms and their impacts, throughout the book. The book is based on a subset of 138 women claiming working-age social-security benefits, who took part in three waves of the ESRC Welfare Conditionality qualitative longitudinal study.
Rewriting retirement as ‘work experience’: older women’s gendered encounters with the work ethic
Authors: Wright Sharon
Published: May 2024

This first empirical chapter demonstrates how welfare conditionality rewrites older women’s lives according to male-defined working norms. The focus is on the cohort of working-class baby-boomers born in the 1950s who began working in the 1960s/70s when gender discrimination and unequal pay were legal. Their high risk of poverty during the 2010s and 2020s is both a hangover from their unprotected years of employment and due to the pension gap created when the state retirement age was raised. The prevailing social norm for that generation involved career gaps for motherhood, periods of part-time employment and a secondary role for women’s earnings in heterosexual households. Anne’s story demonstrates how shameful sanctions can be and shows how retirement has been rewritten as work experience. Karen’s story illustrates how changing legal expectations about work and care are experienced over a life course. Karen’s lived experiences of Universal Credit and the Work Programme demonstrate how retirement is redefined as unemployment and punitive conditionality is applied in practice. June’s story illustrates how disability is redefined as unemployment for older women. The interdependent nature of supporting family and being supported is considered in relation to meeting conditionality requirements. Tensions between work and care are discussed.
White envy
Authors: Kinouani Guilaine
Published: May 2024

In this chapter the role of envy in the enactment of racialised violence is historicised. The chapter unites Fanon’s theorisations on racialisation and Klein’s thinking on envy to posit that white envy, a consequence of psychic processes of racialisation, is central to the white subject’s functioning. Everyday and socio-political enactments of envy are presented, including ‘economic anxiety’ and ‘whitelash’.
Private renting in the Netherlands: set to grow?
Authors: Haffner Marietta E.A.
Published: May 2024

This chapter analyses whether the turnaround in market share of the Dutch private rental sector, from 10 per cent in 2009 to almost 13 per cent in 2021, can be interpreted as a new role of this tenure following the global urban rental affordability crisis. Based on a literature review, the chapter finds that the Dutch government facilitated the growth of the stock with a de-controlled rent and by making the control of rent prices more market conforming. At the same time, the government introduced regulations that made social renting and homeownership less accessible. As a result, when in the aftermath of the global financial crisis the shortage of housing in comparison to the rising numbers of households rose, affordability and accessibility problems reached the top of the political agenda during the national elections of 2021. In response, the government that came into office in 2022 launched a number of plans to stimulate reducing the housing shortage in a ten-year period. These plans also included re-regulating rent prices for middle-priced rental housing. These plans, as well as the quickly rising inflation in combination with the societal challenges of energy, climate and sustainability, question a continued revival of private renting.