bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Production and water yield of cauliflower under irrigation depths and nitrogen doses
Authors: Oliveira Reginaldo M. de , Oliveira Rubens A. de , Vidigal Sanzio M. , Oliveira Ednaldo M. de , Guimarães Lorença B. , Cecon Paulo R.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Cauliflower is a brassica produced and consumed in Brazil, whose cultivation depends on the adequate supply of water and nutrients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of irrigation depths and nitrogen doses on the production components and water yield of cauliflower hybrid Barcelona CMS. The treatments consisted of five irrigation water depths (0, 75, 100, 125 and 150% of the crop evapotranspiration) combined with five nitrogen doses (0, 75, 150, 300 and 450 kg ha-1). The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with a split-plot arrangement. The effects of these factors were evaluated using the response surface methodology. The water yield of the crop decreases with increasing irrigation water depth; therefore, the yield is higher when water replenishment is lower than the recommended. The highest estimated total inflorescence yield is 24,547.80 kg ha-1, with a inflorescence mean diameter of 19.60 cm, a inflorescence mean height of 12.25 cm, and an inflorescence fresh weight of 858.90 g plant-1, obtained with an irrigation water depth equivalent to 132.09% of the crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and a nitrogen dose of 450 kg ha-1. The highest inflorescence diameter and height are obtained with an irrigation depth equivalent to 128.70 and 108.20% of ETc, respectively, and a nitrogen dose of 450 kg ha-1. Therefore, the best productivity response of the Barcelona CMS cauliflower hybrid can be obtained using an irrigation depth greater than the crop evapotranspiration, regardless of the nitrogen doses.
Chemical attributes of soil under cassava wastewater application in Marandugrass cultivation
Authors: Bezerra Marcio G. da S. , Silva Gualter G. C. da , Difante Gelson dos S. , Emerenciano Neto João V. , Oliveira Ermelinda M. M. , Morais Éric G.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT There is a worldwide concern regarding the management of agroindustrial residues, involving sustainable practices that contribute to taking advantage of the residues as inputs in productive processes, allowing greater efficiency in the integration of agricultural activities and mitigating their adverse effects on the soil. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the effects of application of cassava wastewater on the chemical attributes of the soil cultivated with Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with five treatments (0, 15, 30, 60 and 120 m³ ha-1 of cassava wastewater) and four repetitions. To characterize soil chemical attributes soil samples were collected at depths 0 to 10 and 10 to 20 cm, for determination of the concentrations of soil organic matter, available phosphorus, exchangeable potassium, sodium, calcium and magnesium before and after cassava wastewater application were determined. The application of cassava wastewater increases available phosphorus and exchangeable potassium concentrations, decreases exchangeable calcium, magnesium and organic matter contents of the soil cultivated with Marandu grass. Cassava wastewater can be used as organic fertilizer for pastures of Marandu grass with doses of up to 120 m³ ha-1.
Morphophysiology of Tahiti lime grafted onto Sunki mandarin hybrids under salt stress
Authors: Silva Luderlândio A. , Brito Marcos E. B. , Fernandes Pedro D. , Sá Francisco V. da S. , Moreira Rômulo C. L. , Almeida Neto Isidro P. de
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the growth and physiology of citrus scion/rootstock combinations irrigated with saline water until the pre-flowering stage. The experiment was conducted in drainage lysimeters with capacity for 150 dm3, in randomized block design in a 2 x 10 factorial scheme, corresponding to two electrical conductivities of water (S1 = 0.3 and S2 = 3.0 dS m-1) and ten scion/rootstock combinations (nine hybrids and one commercial variety) grafted with Tahiti lime, in three repetitions and one plant per plot. Grafted seedlings were transplanted one year after sowing, subjected to salt stress from 15 days after transplanting until the pre-flowering period, and evaluated for gas exchanges and growth. The irrigation with 3.0 dS m-1 saline water did not influence the photosynthetic activity of the studied citrus scion/rootstock combinations until the pre-flowering. The genotype Santa Cruz Rangpur lime (LCRSTC) was more sensitive to irrigation water salinity in terms of growth. The least sensitive combinations to salinity were Tahiti lime grafted onto TSKFL x (LCR x TR) - 018, TSKFL x TRBK - 011 and TSKFL x TRBK - 30.
Quality of mechanical peanut sowing and digging using autopilot
Authors: Zerbato Cristiano , Furlani Carlos E. A. , Oliveira Mailson F. de , Voltarelli Murilo A. , Tavares Tiago de O. , Carneiro Franciele M.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Over the past decade, automatic guidance of agricultural machinery via Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals has been increasingly adopted by the farming community. Peanut farmers are adopting such technology in order to improve the parallelism of operations to address difficulties that occur in mechanical digging, where losses are a big problem. This study aimed to evaluate mechanized operations of peanut sowing and digging controlled manually and by autopilot, along with their quality. The treatments consisted of two digging operations, with and without autopilot, and two displacement speeds (4.5 and 6.0 km h-1). The experiment was conducted in a medium-textured soil in a completely randomized design arranged in bands, using the analyzed variables as quality indicators. At sowing, parallelism between passes of the tractor-sower set, was evaluated at 120 points of each system (manual and automatic routing). The digging losses were evaluated in the two guidance systems, under two displacement speeds (4.5 to 6.0 km h-1) at 15 points per treatment. It was verified that the parallelism between the passes of the tractor-sower set was better when using the autopilot, which improved the operation quality. Displacement speed did not influence the digging loss. There were no differences in the visible digging loss, but higher quality was obtained when the operation was performed using autopilot. Minor invisible and total digging losses were obtained when the digging was performed with automatic routing, and superior quality was found at a speed of 4.5 km h-1; however, quality was adversely affected under manual operation. Thus, the use of autopilot is effective for improving the accuracy and the quality of the operations.
MORAL SUFFERING IN ASSISTANCE TO CHILDBIRTH: SITUATIONS PRESENT IN THE WORK OF NURSES OF OBSTETRIC CENTERS AND MATERNITIES
Authors: Biondi Heitor Silva , Barlem Edison Luiz Devos , Pinho Eliana Cardia de , Tavares Diogo Henrique , Kerber Nalú Pereira da Costa , Tomaschewski-Barlem Jamila Geri
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: to know the situations found in the work of nurses working in maternity hospitals and obstetric centers that can lead to moral suffering. Method: qualitative, exploratory and descriptive study, developed with 14 nurses working in bstetric centers and maternities of two hospitals in southern Brazil. Data were collected from October 2015 to January 2016, through a semi-structured interview, analyzed based on Content Analysis. Results: there was an occurrence of moral distress related to the activities that supplanted nurses’ execution capacity, leading them to prioritize administrative and managerial activities, for which they are charged by the institutions, failing to participate directly in the care, an aspect enhanced by the quantitative nursing professionals. Asymmetric relations of power and conflicting interactions compose an atmosphere of toleration for the autonomy of the nurses, preventing them from acting in harmony with their knowledge and moral values. The fruitless attempts to change the dehumanizing context through advocacy and the visualization of disrespectful, interventionist and violent behaviors against women, generate moral suffering. Conclusion: the plurality of nurse actions, reduced autonomy, disrespect for their practice and the visualization of dehumanizing behaviors generate moral suffering. It is important to seek alternatives so that nurses may act and advocate in line with their moral knowledge and values, in an autonomous and empowered way, aiming to provide a dignified and safe childbirth assistance, and an environment that respects the woman and her autonomy.
TRANSEXUAL “WOMANHOOD” AND THE EMERGENCE OF TRANSFEMINISM: RHETORICS OF HIV/AIDS IN THE LIGHT OF THE QUEER THEORY
Authors: Abreu Paula Daniella de , Araújo Ednaldo Cavalcante de , Vasconcelos Eliane Maria Ribeiro de , Moura Jefferson Wildes da Silva , Sousa Josueida de Carvalho , Santos Claudia Benedita dos
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the female transsexual identity and the emergence of transfeminism through the context of vulnerability to HIV / AIDS in light of the Queer Theory. Method: a qualitative, descriptive, exploratory study based on the Queer Theory, carried out in a reference hospital for HIV/AIDS in the State of Pernambuco (Brazil), developed with six young transsexual women. The interviews were analyzed in the IRaMuTeQ software via the similarity analysis method. Results: the relation of male domination through the subordination of the transsexual woman, which originates in the binary, sexist and male chauvinistic heteronormative model, is emphasized. The context of vulnerability to HIV / AIDS is evidenced as a naturalized phenomenon of violence to the young "queer" woman, especially with precarious living conditions, history of family rejection, sexual violence and informal prostitution work. Lack of support from the social network and the imminent risk of transphobic violence result in damage to their physical and mental integrity. The following categories were observed: Emergence of transfeminism through symbolic violence and female transsexual identity and the context of vulnerability. Conclusion: the social impacts of the minimal state policy, social class cohesion (binarism, sexism, racism and male chauvinism), unequal social capital and culture of abjection of transsexual women reflect the context of the HIV / AIDS epidemic and inequalities that result in individual, contextual and programmatic vulnerability and in factors which limit the attainment of a healthy life.
ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE AND CONSUMPTION OF ALCOHOL, MARIJUANA, AND COCAINE AMONG UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS FROM RIBEIRÃO PRETO - BRAZIL
Authors: Souza Jacqueline de , Hamilton Hayley , Wright Maria da Gloria Miotto
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: to determine alcohol, marijuana, and cocaine use, abuse, and dependence, and to identify the association between the use of these substances and the academic performance of undergraduate students. Method: a cross-sectional study with 275 undergraduate students from health and humanities courses at a university in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. The instruments used were the Questionnaire for Screening the Use of Alcohol, Tobacco and Other Substances and the student’s self-report on their performance considering a scale from zero to 10. For analysis, Fisher’s Exact Test and Pearson’s Chi-square test were used. Results: the pattern of alcohol and cocaine use in the sample studied was similar to the national average; however the prevalence of marijuana abuse was higher than the average. The use of marijuana was associated with the students’ academic performance in this study. Conclusion: the same association between abuse of and dependence on marijuana was not identified in the sample studied.
Intraspecific food resource partitioning in Brazilian silverside Atherinella brasiliensis (Atheriniformes: Atherinopsidae) in a tropical estuary, Brazil
Authors: Brito Gitá J. S. , Lima Lidiane G. de , Oliveira Ronnie E. M. C. C. , Pessanha André
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT We investigated the intraspecific partitioning of food resources of the Brazilian silverside Atherinella brasiliensis in a tropical estuary. A total of 1,099 stomachs were analyzed, and the diet consisted mainly of Gastropoda, Ceratopogonidae larvae, Decapoda larvae, Calanoida, Cyclopoida, Hymenoptera and Brachyura. Ordination of the mean volumetric percentage contribution of preys indicated differences in the dietary compositions between sites and size classes. By SIMPER analysis, we detected high dissimilarity between size classes, suggesting ontogenetic niche shifts: the diet of the early juveniles was based in zooplankton, whereas adults consumed mainly benthic macroinvertebrates. These shifts were related to changes in feeding structures and foraging abilities that show a strong relationship with body size, and showed functional trade-offs in swimming capacity, and feeding strategies used to capture prey. Differences in the diet between size classes and habitat selection by Brazilian silverside are likely strategies to avoid intraspecific competition, clearly related to the abundance and accessibility of resources along the estuarine habitats.
A new species of Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from coastal basins in the Atlantic Rainforest of eastern Brazil, with phylogenetic and phylogeographic insights into the Characidium alipioi species group
Authors: Malanski Evandro , Sarmento-Soares Luisa Maria , Silva-Malanski Ana Cecilia Gomes , Lopes Maridiesse Morais , Ingenito Leonardo Ferreira da Silva , Buckup Paulo Andreas
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT A new species of Characidium from southeastern Brazil is described based on morphological and molecular evidence from specimens collected between the rio Jucuruçu and rio Doce basins. The new species belongs to a group of species within Characidium with an unscaled area in the isthmus and is distinguished from these species, except C. alipioi, C. fasciatum, C. hasemani, and C. kamakan, by the greater distance (greater than 10% SL) and presence of 5-7 scales between the anus and the anal fin, and presence of 14 series of scales around the caudal peduncle. The species is distinguished from C. alipioi by having 4 series of scales above the lateral line (vs. 5 series) and greater distance between the anus and the anal fin; from C. fasciatum and C. kamakan, by the smaller body depth at the dorsal-fin origin, at the anal-fin origin, and at the caudal peduncle; from C. hasemani, by the short distances between the tip of the snout and the pelvic fin, the tip of the snout and the anal fin, and the tip of the snout and the tip of anal fin. The new species forms a presumably monophyletic group with C. alipioi and C. kamakan.
Unravelling the foraging behavior of the southern stingray, Hypanus americanus (Myliobatiformes: Dasyatidae) in a Southwestern Atlantic MPA
Authors: Freitas Renato H. A. , Aguiar Aline A. , Freitas Ana Karina C. H. A. , Lima Sergio M. Q. , Valentin Jean L.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Previous study suggested that the southern stingray (Hypanus americanus) displays a marked ontogenetic shift in its habitat use in the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago (FNA), an attractive touristic spot in Brazil, that could be associated with changes in its feeding habits and foraging strategies. Here, we conducted underwater visual surveys (~100 h a 3 years’ study) at this site to describe the foraging behavior of the same species in details and to assess diel patterns in activity. We observed that H. americanus is capable of several complex and highly plastic behaviors (we described more than 21 of them) while foraging. The foraging events’ timing appears to be related to the size (as well as sex) of the stingrays, environment and depth. In addition, our results support a segregation of habitat mediated by the size and sex of the stingrays, but it is able to modulate its foraging repertoire based mainly on environmental stimulus. Finally, we found that H. americanus forage intermittently throughout the day and tidal cycle, yet are less active during non-crepuscular periods and at flood and ebb tides. These results, coupled with the fact that the species uses both reef and beach environments, should be considered by decision makers in management plans.
Stress-reducing and anesthetic effects of the essential oils of Aloysia triphylla and Lippia alba on Serrasalmus eigenmanni (Characiformes: Serrasalmidae)
Authors: Almeida Ana Paula Gottlieb , Correia Tiago Gabriel , Heinzmann Berta Maria , Val Adalberto Luis , Baldisserotto Bernardo
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Anesthetic effect of Aloysia triphylla and Lippia alba essential oils (EOs) in the Amazonian fish Serrasalmus eigenmanni was evaluated. The fish were placed in aquaria containing A. triphylla or L. alba EOs (25 to 200 µL L-1). Then, fish were transferred to aquaria containing EO-free water to evaluate their recovery time. In another experiment, fish were transferred to aquaria containing A. triphylla or L. alba EOs (3 to 10 µL L-1) and swimming behavior was analyzed for up to 240 min of exposure. Water samples were collected at 0 and 240 min and blood samples were collected at 240 min. Tested concentrations induced all stages of anesthesia, except 25 µL L-1 A. triphylla EO and 50 µL L-1 L. alba EO, which only induced sedation. Prolonged exposure to both EOs reduced swimming time compared to the control at all evaluated times. The fish exposed to 3 µL L-1 A. triphylla EO showed a lower net K+ efflux compared to ethanol-exposed fish; in those exposed to 5 µL L-1, ammonia excretion was reduced. The blood parameters did not show significant differences between treatments. In conclusion, both EOs can be used as anesthetics and sedatives for transport of S. eigenmanni.
Mitigation of drought stress effects on soybean gas exchanges induced by Azospirillum brasilense and plant regulators
Authors: Bulegon Lucas Guilherme , Guimarães Vandeir Francisco , Battistus Andre Gustavo , Inagaki Adriano Mitio , Costa Neumárcio Vilanova da
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Drought stress is a limitation for the agricultural production, having as a primary effect the reduction of plant gas exchanges, and the continuity of its incidence results in a lower yield. This study aimed to evaluate the photosynthetic responses and the soybean yield, concerning the seed inoculation and foliar spray with Azospirillum brasilense and plant regulator containing auxin, gibberellin and cytokinin. A randomized complete block design was used under greenhouse conditions, with five treatments: four under drought stress (control, seed inoculation and foliar spray with A. brasilense and plant regulator) and one irrigated treatment. The soil gravimetric moisture, relative water content, CO2 net assimilation rate, apparent quantum efficiency, light compensation point and grain yield were evaluated. The water deficiency reduced the relative water content by 76.96 % and the soybean gas exchanges by 860.43 %, in the drought stress control. However, when using A. brasilense or plant regulator, the reduction of these values was mitigated, with maximum reductions of 52.40 % in the relative water content and 361.99 % in the gas exchanges. Thus, the mitigation of these effects was directly correlated with the grains yielded by plants, where the use of foliar spray with A. brasilense or plant regulator presented averages 19 % higher than the drought stress control. The applications of foliar spray with A. brasilense and plant regulator mitigate the effects of drought stress on the soybean photosynthesis and culminate in lower yield losses.
Effect of nitrogen sources on fruit characteristics and seed physiological quality of Physalis angulata L.
Authors: Tanan Tamara Torres , Silva Alismário Leite da , Oliveira Uasley Caldas de , Gonçalves Neto Lourival Palmeira , Nascimento Marilza Neves do
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Choosing an appropriate nitrogen source is of utmost importance, since it affects the plant development and fruit and seed yield. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of Physalis angulata fruits and seeds obtained from plants grown in a hydroponic system, under different concentrations of nitrate and ammonium. The treatments consisted of four NO3-:NH4+ ratios (100:0, 75:25, 50:50 and 25:75). After full grown, the fruits were collected for biometric and chemical analyses, and seeds were removed for the germination test. The germination test was conducted in a germination chamber and the parameters evaluated were the germination rate, mean germination time, speed, germination uniformity coefficient and relative frequency. Fruits with lower weight and diameter were obtained at doses above 50 % of ammonium; however, there was an increase for ºBrix and soluble solids/titratable acidity ratio. Such dosage also reduced the rate, speed and uniformity of germination. The combined use of nitrogen sources (50:50 of NO3-:NH4+) is recommended, because it produces larger and sweeter fruits with vigorous seeds.
Characterization of bamboo species and other biomasses with potential for thermal energy generation>
Authors: Marafon Anderson Carlos , Amaral André Felipe Câmara , Lemos Eurico Eduardo Pinto de
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Biomass quality is important to strengthen the use of species as reliable energy sources. This study aimed to characterize the energy quality attributes of bamboo species (Bambusa vulgaris, Bambusa tuldoides, Dendrocalamus giganteus and Guadua angustifolia) biomass, when compared to other raw materials of residual origin with a high potential for use in thermal energy generation processes (rice husk, eucalyptus chips, coconut husk and fiber). The basic density, higher calorific value and fiber, lignin and ash contents were evaluated. All the evaluated bamboo species present energy quality characteristics equivalent to those of biomasses traditionally used in thermal energy generation, such as high energy density (2,415-2,967 Mcal m-3), high calorific power (4,359-4,568 kcal kg-1), high basic density (0.537-0.653 g cm-3) and low ash content (1.41-2.41 %). The bamboo biomasses of the four evaluated species present adequate characteristics as fuel for thermal energy generation processes, with potential for use in several industrial sectors.
Micropropagation of Physalis peruviana L.
Authors: Mascarenhas Lilian Marcia Santana , Santana José Raniere Ferreira de , Brito Alone Lima
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Physalis peruviana L. (Solanaceae) is an herbaceous fruit-bearing species that has been gaining market acceptance due to its nutritional and medicinal potential. The main limitations to its cultivation are the short reproductive cycle, the susceptibility of the fruits to pests and the lack of information about the crop management. Hence, studies are necessary to develop strategies for its propagation. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and explants on the morphogenetic potential of P. peruviana, as well as to establish a protocol for the micropropagation of the species via direct organogenesis. To evaluate the morphogenesis, cotyledonary node, cotyledon, leaf, epicotyl, hypocotyl and root explants were inoculated in Murashige & Skoog culture medium with half the normal concentration of salts and supplemented with cytokinin BAP (0.00 µM, 2.22 µM, 4.44 µM, 6.66 µM or 8.88 µM), plus 30 g L-1 of sucrose and 7 g L-1 of agar. Aiming at a direct production of shoots, the cotyledonary node explant was submitted to 0.00 µM, 2.22 µM, 4.44 µM, 6.66 µM, 8.88 µM, 13.32 µM, 17.76 µM or 22.20 µM of BAP. The obtained shoots were tested regarding their rooting potential in media with and without the addition of activated charcoal and then were transferred for acclimatation. The cotyledonary node and leaf explants were the most efficient sources for the regeneration of shoots via direct and indirect organogenesis, respectively. The most significant results for direct shoot production were obtained with 12.50 µM of BAP. These shoots were successfully rooted in vitro in medium without activated charcoal, and the microplants acclimated in vegetable earth attained 100 % of survival after 90 days of acclimatation.
A venda e o aluguel no Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida - Faixa 1 em Parnamirim/RN
Authors: Chaves Carina Aparecida Barbosa Mendes
Published: July 2019

Resumo Em 2009, por meio da Lei nº 11.977, foi lançado o Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida (PMCMV). As regras que regulamentam a faixa 1 do programa exprimem que a finalidade é oferecer habitação às famílias contempladas com o imóvel subsidiado e que qualquer tipo de contrato de cessão de direitos não tem validade legal. Porém, observam-se, por intermédio de pesquisas de campo, anúncios ou reportagens, a comercialização ou a locação dos imóveis. Este trabalho se propõe a analisar as operações de venda e de locação do PMCMV faixa 1 em Parnamirim, Rio Grande do Norte, no período de 2011 a 2016, momento em que recebeu 4.224 unidades habitacionais. Para a realização desta pesquisa, foram utilizados bibliografia nacional sobre o tema, acesso às leis que regulam o programa, coleta e tabulação de classificados on-line e pesquisa de campo nos empreendimentos do PMCMV em Parnamirim. Verificou-se que, nos empreendimentos faixa 1 de Parnamirim, existem imóveis à venda, assim como moradores que residem na condição de locatário. Observou-se também que os imóveis alugados e/ou à venda, em sua maioria, estão situados em áreas afastadas da malha urbana ou em lugares que têm sido valorizados nos últimos anos.
Nitrogen fertilization on ornamental ginger under fertigation in protected cultivation
Authors: Marques Douglas José , Bianchini Hudson C , Souza Aloisio P de
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Tropical floriculture has increased significantly in the last decade due to a growing worldwide market trend of consuming exotic, colorful, beautiful and durable flowers. Among the tropical floriculture products, ornamental gingers, species belonging to the families Zingiberaceae and Costaceae, have high potential for ornamental use, both for landscaping, for cut and potted flower and foliage. However, little information can be found in literature when it comes to crop fertilization, mainly concerning nitrogen fertilization, quite important to tropical soils which are poor in organic matter resource. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate application of nitrogen doses, using fertigation for growing ornamental ginger under protected cultivation. The experiment was carried out from 2012 to 2016, using seedlings produced in vitro multiplication. Plantlets remained for a period of acclimatization in a nursery and, then were planted in pits spaced 1x1 m in a greenhouse. The agronomic parameters and recommendation of nitrogen using SPAD were evaluated from the beginning 2013 until 2016. The experimental arrangement was in randomized blocks with five nitrogen doses (0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 kg ha-1) and 4 replicates. The increase of nitrogen doses, up to 400 kg ha-1 via fertigation, produces 77 100-cm-height commercial flowers/tussock/year, favoring the commercial production and standardization of ornamental ginger.
Characterization of pepper accessions using molecular markers linked to pungency and SSR
Authors: Jesus Rafaela de , Santos Gabriel do N , Piccin Andressa S , Balsalobre Thiago WA , Sala Fernando C , Carneiro Monalisa S
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Peppers of the genus Capsicum are of great socioeconomic importance, being pungency trait their main attraction. Pungency characterization, genetic distance estimates and population structure analysis of the accessions belonging to germplasm banks are important for parent selection which allows to obtain superior progenies. Therefore, the aims of this study were: i) evaluate 81 accessions of the Capsicum spp. Germplasm Bank of Universidade Federal de São Carlos (BGC-UFSCar) with molecular markers linked to pungency; ii) estimate the genetic diversity among accessions of the BGC-UFSCar using microsatellite markers (SSR); and iii) evaluate the efficiency of these markers in the distinction among species of Capsicum spp. We noticed that pun11 and SNP molecular markers were efficient in predicting the pungent phenotype of BGC-UFSCar accessions in 84.85% and 95.59%, respectively. From a total of 13 amplified microsatellite markers, seven were polymorphic and efficient to discriminate species of Capsicum genus, both through genetic diversity analysis and population structure analysis, which showed three subpopulations. The molecular markers used in this study are useful tools for breeding programs since they were able to characterize and discriminate Capsicum spp. species at DNA level. Information obtained with molecular markers can assist in the selection of contrasting parents for future breeding programs.
Associations between morphological and agronomic characteristics in garlic crop
Authors: Andrade Júnior Valter C de , Guimarães Amanda G , Firme Tiago D , Costa Aline Aparecida A , Costa Márcia Regina da , Lopes Thabata Karoline , Souza Rovilson José de , Resende Francisco V
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Correlations and path analysis between characteristics can aid the selection of important attributes in breeding programs. Thus, the objective of this work was to perform genotypic, phenotypic correlations and path analysis under commercial yield of garlic bulbs, depending on morphological and agronomic variables. The experiment was carried out in 2017 at the Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri and Universidade Federal de Lavras, using ten garlic genotypes, eight trials and two commercial cultivars, Caçador and Jonas. We evaluated: plant height; number of leaves, total bulb number; total bulb mass, total bulb yield, marketable bulb yield and number of cloves per bulb. The genotypic and phenotypic correlations were positive and significant between marketable yield of bulbs with bulb mass, total yield and number of cloves per bulb, indicating that selection based on these characteristics will help increase the yield of garlic. However, only the number of cloves per bulb had a direct effect and a relevant indirect effect on the marketable yield of garlic.
Efeito da variação da carga orgânica volumétrica natural na produção de biogás a partir de dejeto suíno em diferentes tempos de retenção hidráulica
Authors: D’Aquino Camila Agner , Mello Thiago Carvalho de , Costa Júnior Luis
Published: July 2019

RESUMO O estudo sobre reatores anaeróbios em laboratório prioriza o controle de determinados parâmetros que são de difícil controle em campo, o que dificulta o processo de scale-up. Entre os parâmetros está a carga orgânica volumétrica (COV). No caso do dejeto suíno, esse parâmetro pode sofrer alterações diárias em função das condições climáticas, das mudanças no manejo, da alimentação dos animais, entre outros. A fim de verificar o impacto dessa variação na produtividade de biogás, foi analisado o comportamento de um reator anaeróbio de mistura completa (CSTR) em dois diferentes tempos de retenção hidráulica (TRHs) - 20 e 30 dias - durante um período total de 180 dias. Os resultados demonstraram que a elevação da COV resulta em piora da eficiência de tratamento, bem como na produção de biogás. O ensaio com TRH de 20 dias obteve uma melhor resposta às alterações de carga orgânica.
Isoflavone, anthocyanin, and fatty acid contents of vegetable-type soybean grains at different maturity stages
Authors: Carrão-Panizzi Mercedes Concórdia , Silva Bruna dos Santos , Leite Rodrigo Santos , Godoy Ronoel Luiz de Oliveira , Santiago Manuela Cristina Pessanha de Araujo , Felberg Ilana , Oliveira Maria Cristina Neves de
Published: July 2019

Abstract: The objective of this work was to determine the oil, protein, fatty acid, isoflavone, and anthocyanin contents in soybean grains of different breeding lines and maturity stages. Evaluations were performed for the chemical profiles of black- (BRM09-50995) and of yellow-seed-coat (BRM11-51428 and BRM08-50643) breeding lines, harvested at the R6 (immature seeds), R7 (physiological maturity), and R8 (full maturity) maturity stages. Oil and protein contents increased from the R6 to the R8 stage, and BRM11-51428 showed the highest protein content. Palmitic, stearic, and linolenic fatty acids were higher at R6, and linoleic and oleic acids were higher at R7 and R8, respectively. At the R8 growth stage, BRM11-51428 and BRM 09-50995 showed the highest contents of oleic and linoleic acids, respectively, and the lowest content of linolenic acid. The amounts of isoflavone glucosides and aglucones were higher at R8, while malonyl forms were higher at R7. Total aglucones increased about three times from R6 to R8. BRM09-50995 showed the highest content of total isoflavones and anthocyanins, mainly at the R8 stage, which makes this lineage an option to process functional soybean food.
Invasive wild boars and native mammals in agroecosystems in the Atlantic Forest of Western Brazil
Authors: Doutel-Ribas Cynthia , Martins Fernando Ibanez , Campos Zilca , Piovezan Ubiratan , Tomas Walfrido , Silva Virgínia Santiago , Pellegrin Aiesca , Mourão Guilherme
Published: July 2019

Abstract: The objective of this work was to estimate an index of the relative biomass per species, in a medium to large-sized mammal community, as well as to determine how the introduced wild boar (Sus scrofa) fits into this index, and to verify if the occupancy of sites by domestic dogs interferes with those of wild boars and how much the periods of dogs’ activity overlap those of wild boars. The biomass/effort index was measured for each native mammal species and for the introduced wild boar, in two surveyed farms in Brazil’s Western Atlantic Forest range, through the use of camera trappings that were also used to verify if dogs and wild boar overlap in space and activity time. Wild boars seem to dominate the community, just a few years after their presence was first recorded in the region. Surprisingly, several native endangered mammal species persist in the highly modified landscape of the studied areas, but their population trends are still unknown. Wild boars and dogs generally occupy the same areas; however, they do not overlap in activity time, which is an indicative that it is unlikely that the dogs can effectively protect the crops.
Assessment of somaclonal variation in indirect morphogenesis-derived plants of Arracacia xanthorrhiza
Authors: Vitamvas Jan , Viehmannova Iva , Cepkova Petra Hlasna , Mrhalova Hana , Eliasova Katerina
Published: July 2019

Abstract: The objective of this work was to induce and detect somaclonal variation in arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza) plants regenerated via indirect morphogenesis, in order to evaluate the potential of this technique to produce new genotypes for breeding purposes of this crop. Calli were induced from petiole segments on Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium supplied with 0.1 mg L-1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. The regeneration of plants via indirect morphogenesis was carried out on half-strength MS medium without plant growth regulators. Fifteen randomly chosen plants were subjected to flow cytometry and “inter-simple sequence repeat” (ISSR) analysis. Ploidy level remained stable in all tested regenerants (2n=4x=44), with no changes in the genome. Eighteen ISSR primers produced a total of 1,584 fragments in all samples. Two ISSR primers produced four polymorphic fragments in 26.7% of the tested samples. Somaclonal variation in arracacha is a result of plant regeneration via indirect morphogenesis and can be detected by ISSR markers.
El perfil del buen docente universitario desde una perspectiva del alumnado
Authors: Martín Pilar Alonso
Published: July 2019

Resumen La adaptación al Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES) está suponiendo un gran cambio en el rol del docente universitario. Este estudio aporta información sobre la importancia que otorgan los estudiantes de tercer curso de las titulaciones de Magisterio (primaria), Educación Social, Psicología y Psicopedagogía a las cualidades personales, profesionales y metodología que consideran que debe tener un buen profesor de universidad. Para ello se pasó un cuestionario a 269 estudiantes pertenecientes a las cuatro titulaciones de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación. Los resultados muestran que los alumnos valoran especialmente que el profesor universitario sea respetuoso, claro en las explicaciones, con dominio de la materia, buen comunicador, que utilice ejemplos prácticos y reales, prepare las clases, con capacidad de escucha y empatía. Existen diferencias significativas, a nivel estadístico, entre las valoraciones realizadas en función del sexo y de la titulación a la que pertenecen. El profesorado universitario debe tener una formación psicopedagógica que le ayude a ser un buen docente y más en el caso de facultades donde se formarán a futuros maestros y aquellas profesiones relacionadas con el aprendizaje.
Um estudo sobre a dimensionalidade das escalas de avaliação da proficiência oral do Certificado de Proficiência em Língua Portuguesa para Estrangeiros
Authors: Ferreira Laura Márcia Luiza
Published: July 2019

Resumo Por meio das escalas de avaliação do Celpe-Bras, um construto de proficiência oral em língua portuguesa para falantes de outras línguas é operacionalizado e mensurado. Na prova oral, sete itens compõem duas escalas por meio das quais o avaliador-interlocutor e o avaliador-observador atribuem uma nota para cada um dos seis itens, a saber: compreensão, competência interacional, fluência, adequação lexical, adequação gramatical e pronúncia. Com objetivo de analisar a dimensionalidade das escalas, apresento a análise fatorial exploratória do conjunto de notas de 1.000 participantes que se submeteram ao exame na primeira edição de 2016. O coeficiente de determinação R2 foi de 0.9617 e o índice Tucker-Lewis (TLI) foi de 0.896. Os valores de carga fatorial dos itens da escala variaram de 0.65 a 0.94, sugerindo que os itens possam estar explicando o mesmo fator. O resultado da análise aponta que a nota da prova é uma medida unidimensional. A partir dos valores de comunalidade, apenas o item compreensão ficou ligeiramente abaixo 0.5, apontando a necessidade de investigação do item. Os valores de peso para cada um dos itens são, do maior para o menor; para nota do entrevistador, 0.36; adequação lexical, 0.19; fluência, 0.18; adequação gramatical, 0.13; competência interacional, 0.09; pronúncia, 0.06; compreensão, 0.04. Por meio da análise fatorial, apresento uma proposta de composição da nota da prova oral e discuto as implicações da mudança de peso dos itens na nova proposta para a classificação dos participantes por faixas de certificação.
Longitudinal dimensions of land-use impacts in riverine ecosystems
Authors: Feijó-Lima Rafael , Zandonà Eugenia , Silva Bruna Suelen da , Tromboni Flavia , Moulton Timothy Peter , Thomas Steven Arnold
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Aim Rivers are linked longitudinally via the flow of water and the spatial dimensions of the changes in local riparian vegetation are still poorly understood. Recent modifications to the Native Vegetation Protection Law allow reduction of lateral buffer strips and amnesty for riparian vegetation removal, which might increase the fragmentation of native riparian vegetation, especially for Atlantic Rainforest streams. Methods We present two case studies conducted in a stream draining a fragmented landscape in the Atlantic Rainforest. The stream flows through two abrupt transitions (forest-pasture-forest) and we investigated how far the upstream effects of a given riparian condition could be detected in the downstream reach for a suite of variables. Results We show that the effects of land cover propagate downstream for both algal and macroinvertebrate communities. For some variables of interest, these effects might extend up to a km downstream from the transition. Conclusions There is a need to understand how the distribution of riparian forest remnants contribute to maintaining watershed-scale resilience to impacts.
Cultural philanthropy and political exile: the Ford Foundation between Argentina and The United States (1959-1979)
Authors: Calandra Benedetta
Published: July 2019

Abstract: This article aims to reconstruct the role played by a giant of American philanthropy-the Ford Foundation (FF) - in Argentina starting from a very critical moment for Inter-American relations during the Cold War: 1959. The research is based on an extensive amount of archive sources, including specific information about the grants given by the foundation to hard science professionals in order to escape the political emergency of the mid-Sixties. This contribution will be divided into three parts (i) a brief introduction to the main goals and strategy of the FF and strategy in Latin America in light of the imperatives of the bipolar conflict (ii) the role played in supporting social sciences and organizing resettlement programs (iii) the several contradictions in the process of welcoming these scholars in the U.S. academies.
“Dejar de ser síntoma con el silencio”: la inscripción del exilio-retorno en el campo de la salud mental en la posdictadura argentina (1983-1986)
Authors: Lastra María Soledad
Published: July 2019

Resumen: Este artículo se propone indagar en el proceso histórico de elaboración clínico-conceptual del binomio exilio-retorno en el campo de los derechos humanos y la salud mental. En particular, se preocupa por conocer cómo fue su constitución como objeto de atención psicosocial en la posdictadura de Argentina. Analiza especialmente el trabajo del equipo de salud mental del Centro de Estudios Legales y Sociales y de la Oficina de Solidaridad con el Exilio Argentina realizado en los años 1980, la recepción de las producciones teóricas y clínicas del exilio y sus anclajes en la experiencia local. Nuestra hipótesis señala que, a pesar de haber ocupado un lugar importante en el campo de saberes sobre los efectos de la represión, la visibilidad y legitimidad pública del exilio-retorno fue finalmente relegada.
Intelectuais e culturas políticas em Portugal: à volta de Antero de Quental e António Sérgio
Authors: Martinho Francisco Carlos Palomanes
Published: July 2019

Resumo: O presente artigo procura analisar as produções intelectuais de Antero de Quental e de António Sérgio tendo em vista a construção de uma cultura política racionalista e antagônica às interpretações messiânicas e providencialistas acerca da História de Portugal. Ao mesmo tempo, na medida em que tratamos de dois autores afastados no tempo cerca de meio século, o artigo procura entender em que medida podem Antero e Sérgio pertencer à mesma família política.
Role of Resection Following Focal Progression with Standard Doses of Imatinib in Patients with Advanced Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: Results of Propensity Score Analyses
Authors: Cho Hyungwoo , Ryu Min-Hee , Lee Yongjune , Park Young Soo , Kim Ki-Hun , Kim Jwa Hoon , Park Yangsoon , Lee Sun Mi , Kim Chan Wook , Kim Beom Soo , Yoo Moon-Won , Kang Yoon-Koo
Published: July 2019

Background

There are limited data on the clinical benefits of adding surgical resection in patients with focally progressive gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). This study aims to compare the clinical outcomes of resection plus imatinib dose escalation or maintenance (S group) with imatinib dose escalation alone (NS group) in patients with advanced GIST following focal progression (FP) with standard doses of imatinib.

Materials and Methods

A total of 90 patients with advanced GISTs who experienced FP with standard doses of imatinib were included in this retrospective analysis. The primary endpoints were time to imatinib treatment failure (TTF) and overall survival (OS).

Results

Compared with the NS group (n = 52), patients in the S group (n = 38) had a higher proportion of primary tumor site involvement and lower tumor burden at FP. With a median follow-up duration of 31.0 months, patients in the S group had significantly better TTF and OS than patients in the NS group (median TTF: 24.2 vs. 6.5 months, p < .01; median OS: 53.2 vs. 35.1 months, p = .009). Multivariate analysis showed that S group independently demonstrated better TTF (hazard ratio [HR], 0.29; p < .01) and OS (HR, 0.47; p = .01). Even after applying inverse probability of treatment-weighting adjustments, S group demonstrated significantly better TTF (HR, 0.36; p < .01) and OS (HR, 0.58; p = .049).

Conclusion

Our results suggested that resection following FP with standard doses of imatinib in patients with advanced GIST provides additional benefits over imatinib dose escalation alone.

Implications for Practice

This is the first study to compare the clinical outcomes of resection plus imatinib dose escalation or maintenance (S group) with imatinib dose escalation alone (NS group) in patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) following focal progression (FP) with standard doses of imatinib. These findings suggest that resection can be safely performed following FP, and the addition of surgical resection provides further clinical benefit over imatinib dose escalation alone. Based on these results, the authors recommend resection following FP in patients with advanced GIST provided that an experienced multidisciplinary team is involved in the patient's treatment.
Individualized Prediction of Survival Benefit from Postmastectomy Radiotherapy for Patients with Breast Cancer with One to Three Positive Axillary Lymph Nodes
Authors: Zhang Ning , Zhang Jiashu , Zhang Hanwen , Liu Ying , Zhao Wenjing , Wang Lijuan , Chen Bing , Moran Meena S. , Haffty Bruce G. , Yang Qifeng
Published: July 2019

Purpose

There still exist some arguments regarding the use of postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) for patients with breast cancer carrying one to three positive axillary lymph nodes considering the heterogeneity of this cohort. Here, we developed a prognostic nomogram to estimate the probability of long-term outcome in patients receiving or not receiving PMRT in order to assist in making individually locoregional treatment decisions for this particular cohort.

Methods

Altogether, 20,336 women, aged 18 to 80 years, diagnosed with breast cancer, and carrying one to three positive nodes were identified in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. We applied multivariant Cox hazard model to determine the impact of covariates on disease-specific survival (DSS) and overall survival (OS). Then, the nomogram was built accordingly. Internal and external validations were performed to examine the accuracy of nomograms.

Results

Age of diagnosis, tumor grade, size, estrogen and progesterone receptor status, and number of positive nodes were independent factors of DSS and OS in the multivariate analysis. Incorporating these factors into the constructed nomogram showed high accuracy when predicting 5- and 10-year survival, with internally and externally bootstrap-corrected concordance indexes in the range of 0.6 to 0.8.

Conclusion

Besides the number of involved nodes, extra variables existed as predictors of survival outcomes in this cohort; therefore, the recommendation of PMRT or no PMRT requires comprehensive consideration. This clinically validated nomogram provided a useful tool that could aid decision making by estimating DSS and OS benefits from PMRT, useful in predicting 5- and 10-year DSS and OS for patients with one to three positive nodes after mastectomy.

Implications for Practice

This study evaluated population-based data to identify prognostic factors associated with patients with breast cancer with one to three lymph nodes and help clinicians to weigh the benefit of postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT). Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data were used to develop a prognostic nomogram to predict the likelihood of long-term survival with and without PMRT in order to optimize the individual locoregional control strategy for this particular cohort. This clinically validated nomogram provides a useful tool to predict 5- and 10-year disease-specific survival and overall survival for patients with one to three positive nodes and can aid tailored clinical decision making by estimating predicted benefit from PMRT.