bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pasyviosios magistralės panaudojimas optinės prieigos tinkluose
Authors: Plėštys Rimantas , Dabulytė-Bagdonavičienė Jurgita , Butkus Gintaras
Published: September 2023

The development of the Internet is inseparable from increasing the speed of information transmission between computer network devices using optical cables, which may contain several dozen or hundreds of optical fibres. A separate optical fibre can simultaneously transmit information from different information sources using signals with different wavelengths. A network infrastructure with such capabilities is called a Passive Optical Network. Using a separate optical fibre makes it possible to increase the real-time data transfer rates by millions of times compared to the existing data transfer rates. The need for high information transmission speeds arises when connecting important national or interstate networks. A much lower data transfer speed is sufficient for an individual user of Internet services. Literature sources describe optical access networks in which individual optical fibres are connected to the devices of service users, and the fibres themselves are interconnected according to the tree principle: primary fibre branches are first connected to the trunk, then secondary fibre branches are connected to their remote ends, and so on. Connections are made using optical splitters. The main feature of such a network is that the distances from the beginning of the trunk to the remote ends of the fibres are usually relatively small (up to a few kilometres), and the attenuation of optical signals in such lines differs little (up to a few dB). The networks created in such a way are called FTTx (Fibre To The x). The article investigates a network configuration in which user devices can be serially connected to the same optical fibre called a trunk. The length of such a trunk fibre can reach tens of kilometres. In this case, there can be different lengths of the optical line from the beginning of the line to the individual consumer devices, and the signal attenuations could also be different (up to 30 dB). To equalise optical signal attenuations, an optical signal splitter with appropriate parameters must be used at each point of connection of the user device to the trunk. The methodology for calculating the parameters of optical splitters connected to the trunk is presented. The functional dependence of the coverage of the passive optical network on the number of trunk splitters was found.
Darbuotojų asmeninių vertybių reikšmė pasitenkinimui darbu
Authors: Šmitas Andrius
Published: September 2023

There is a tendency for an organisation to define its values, which predetermines its behaviour to reach certain goals (mission). However, together with organisational values, personal values usually exist. In an ideal case, these personal values are similar to organisational values. However, ideal cases are rare, so in this article, the link between personal values and job satisfaction is analysed. The importance of personal values for job satisfaction in a representative sample of working people in Lithuania was assessed. The results of data analysis showed that higher job satisfaction was preconditioned by higher education, more expressed (more important) security, self-direction, and personal values achievement types. Lower job satisfaction was preconditioned by more expressed (more important) power type of personal values. Also, this article discusses what is important for these types of personal values in professional and personal life, and their importance in professional activities is also discussed.
Kineziterapija pagerina COVID-19 liga persirgusių asmenų kvėpavimo funkcijas, pusiausvyrą ir fizinį pajėgumą
Authors: Žlibinaitė Laura , Tolkevičiūtė Ugnė , Nemčiauskienė Diana , Gintilienė Milda , Šilinė Ligita
Published: September 2023

The Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infection caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Although most patients with COVID-19 develop a mild form, approximately 14 per cent get a severe form of the disease, which requires hospitalisation and additional oxygen supply, and 5 per cent require to be treated in the intensive care unit. The patients who fell ill with COVID-19 and have disturbed biosocial functions are provided with rehabilitation services. Still, there is a lack of research that would reveal the effect of physiotherapy on respiratory system function, physical capacity, and balance. The study aims to evaluate the effect of physiotherapy on patients with COVID-19 disease. 15 participants (the mean age 56.00 ± 4.61 years) who had moderate COVID-19 disease and were hospitalised at least 30 days before the study participated in the research. All participants received physiotherapy for 4 weeks, 5 times a week, each session lasting 30 minutes. Participants were evaluated twice, before the study and after 4 weeks. The assessment methods included spirometry (forced vital capacity [FVC] and forced expiratory volume in the first second after maximal inspiration [FEV1]), the measurement of chest excursion, the assessment of balance on the Berg scale, and the assessment of physical capacity with a 6-minute walk test. After physiotherapy intervention, FVC (p<0.05) and FEV1 (p<0.05) increased, Berg test results improved (p<0.05). It can be concluded that four-week physiotherapy, including breathing and balance exercises, can be used as an effective rehabilitation tool for individuals who have recovered from COVID-19 disease.
Socialinių paslaugų poreikio vertinimas iš pasiūlos perspektyvos: Panevėžio miesto savivaldybės atvejis
Authors: Micevičienė Diana
Published: September 2023

The paper presents the results of assessing the need for social services in Panevėžys City Municipality from the providers’ perspective. It is noted that the city has ambitions to become the most important gateway to the northeast of Lithuania. However, at the same time, it is one of the regions in Lithuania most affected by demographic changes. As the population age structure changes, so are the needs of the established population structure. The growing number of older people is also shifting the priorities for allocating society’s resources in the areas of economics, politics, social solidarity, health care, and social ecology, which implies the need to ensure the volume, composition, and quality of social services. The results of a survey of the population on the quality and demand for social services in the municipality, initiated by the municipality of Panevėžys, characterised the state of social services as not fulfilling expectations. In the context of the development of services, this study aims to assess the situation in the social services field from the providers’ point of view. The objectives of the study are focused on revealing the attitudes of social service providers towards the quality of services provided and the need for new services. The methods of data collection were interviews, and descriptive content analysis was used for processing. As a result of the research, the position on the supply of social services in Panevėžys City Municipality was divided.
On the one hand, it was acknowledged that over the last 3 years, changes were observed in the city regarding the scope and structure of social services, although, in many cases, determined by changes in the external environment. In this sense, the growing role of the municipality as a change initiator was also mentioned. On the other hand, the shortage of specialists in certain areas, the workload, emotional burnout, lack of motivation of the staff, inefficient administration of social services and lack of interinstitutional cooperation and coordination have been identified as fundamental issues to be tackled, which are linked to the quality of the services that are being called into question. The study has shown a particular need to extend the scope of home care to social care and social care to daycare, intensifying short- and long-term social care. There is no clear need to expand the scope of social institutions. In terms of supply, the declared approach is to differentiate between institutions based on their capacity to ensure quality, considering the volume of activities, competencies, resources, and potential if there is a need for new social services in the city. The need for new social service providers has emerged.
Capitalism Effects through Asian Crisis: An Analysis of South Korea's Economic Policy in the Welfare State Perspective
Authors: Hyung-jun Kim , Peng Li , Kaita Murayama
Published: September 2023

The Asian financial crisis with a marked fall in the value of the Thai currency (Bath), initially a currency crisis was followed by a financial crisis in non-bank financial institutions which had to be closed due to bankruptcy. The economic crisis was followed and spread to South Korea, Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines, Singapore and other Asian countries. International institutions reacted to help with the Asian crisis, initially The International Monetary Fund (IMF) after being asked for assistance by Asian countries provided assistance. Many analyzes have been given by financial, economic and political experts, one of which is Weiss and Hobson who analyzed that the Asian economic crisis appeared to have two faces namely; the external face is in the Deep Crisis area and the external face is in the ordinary crisis area, while the crisis occurs from the role of international actors, both state and non-state actors. The social policy approach that is applied takes welfare state steps, with welfare programs implemented by South Korea including reforms in the fields of labor, market and finance, BUMN and active social policies to provide social security for the unemployed or for those who become poor in the period of national economic reform. Weiss and Hobson concluded that state guided capitalism was one of the causes of the Asian crisis.
ASSESSMENT OF READING LITERACY
Authors:   Pavlodar Pedagogical University named after A. Margulan, Sarybaeva B.Zh. , Kaidarova K.M. ,   Pavlodar Pedagogical University named after A. Margulan
Published: September 2023

The article describes the experience of developing measuring materials in the framework of functional literacy monitoring and describes the conceptual foundations for assessing reading skills in PIRLS and PISA in the context of international studies. It gives an idea of the role and place of modern assessment tools for measuring the educational skills of primary school students, describes the specifics of a set of tools developed by students to assess and form modern educational skills, provides examples of tasks for assessing reading literacy, describes the features of tasks developed by the authors to assess the educational skills of students in grades 5 and 7, 8. The purpose of this article is to develop conceptual approaches to assessing the reading literacy of primary school students, developed at the Center for Educational Quality Assessment of the Institute of Educational Development Strategy of RAO, and appropriate tools: tasks, systems for evaluating these tasks, processing and interpreting the results obtained. As part of the monitoring of functional literacy, the need to study the issue of the formation and evaluation of reading literacy as an integral part of functional literacy, a broad discussion of issues identified by specialists of other branches of pedagogical sciences was noted.
PENGARUH BUDAYA ORGANISASI, KOMPETENSI DAN MOTIVASI TERHADAP KINERJA GURU SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA DI MAJENE
Authors: Miftahur Rahman Hafid
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: Menganalisis dampak budaya organisasi terhadap kinerja guru di Sekolah Menengah Pertama di Majene, Menganalisis pengaruh kompetensi terhadap kinerja guru di Sekolah Menengah Pertama di Majene. Menganalisis pengaruh motivasi terhadap kinerja guru di Sekolah Menengah Pertama di Majene, Menganalisis secara bersamaan pengaruh budaya organisasi, kompetensi, dan motivasi terhadap kinerja guru di Sekolah Menengah Pertama di Majene.

Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode analisis Regresi Berganda. Data penelitian diperoleh dari 50 guru Sekolah Menengah Pertama di Majene. Pendekatan penelitian ini bersifat kausal dan bersifat eksplanatori.

 

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: Budaya organisasi memiliki dampak positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja guru di Sekolah Menengah Pertama di Majene, Ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin baik budaya organisasi, semakin baik pula kinerja guru, Kompetensi juga memiliki dampak positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja guru di Sekolah Menengah Pertama di Majene, Ini mengindikasikan bahwa semakin tinggi tingkat kompetensi, semakin baik kinerja guru, Motivasi memiliki dampak positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja guru di Sekolah Menengah Pertama di Majene, Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi tingkat motivasi kerja guru, semakin baik pula kinerja mereka. Secara bersamaan, budaya organisasi, kompetensi, dan motivasi memiliki dampak positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja guru di Sekolah Menengah Pertama di Majene. Ini mengindikasikan bahwa semakin baik budaya organisasi, semakin tinggi kompetensi, dan semakin tinggi motivasi kerja guru, semakin baik pula kinerja mereka.
Creativity Reflections
Authors: Stasiulis Nerijus
Published: September 2023

The article overviews and introduces the current issue of Filosofija. Sociologija. The topics include history of scientific and political thought, identity, (post-)truth, visuality and medialisation, imagination, creativity and fashion, etc. Issues in ethics and education are also discussed. The paper shows one way of uniting these disparate topics into a coherent whole.
Postpanopticon: Control and Media in the New Digital Reality
Authors: Kovalenko Inna , Meliakova Yuliia , Kalnytskyi Eduard , Nesterenko Ksenia
Published: September 2023

In this article, the object of research interest is the phenomenon of social control and the role of digital media in the process of digital surveillance. In the first part, the authors characterise the specifics of the panoptical and postpanoptical models of social control. The second part of the article explores the specifics of modern types of surveillance provided by digital media. It is shown that digital media extremely effectively modify communication systems, determine the main vectors of socio-cultural and personal development, and are also one of the key elements of the digital control system.
The Space and Role of Discussion in University Studies in the Context of Socrates’ Philosophy of Education
Authors: Asakavičiūtė Vaida , Valantinaitė Ilona , Sederavičiūtė-Pačiauskienė Živilė
Published: September 2023

This article analyses the role of discussion in university studies in the context of Socrates’ philosophy of education. The article begins with a discussion of the relevance and continuity of Socrates’ ideas on philosophical education in the contemporary educational space and highlights the importance of Socratic discussion in university studies. It is argued that discussion contributes to the development of one of the most essential skills of the 21st century, i.e. critical thinking, which encompasses the totality of analytical, social and personal skills. The paper also points out that Socratic pedagogy of discussions and humanistic education contribute to organising student-centred studies and enable the consolidation of lifelong learning. These competencies and skills are becoming a priority educational objective in the current age when knowledge, technology and the world are constantly changing and renewing.The second part of the paper deals with the specificities and polarities of the discussion process. The distinction between authentic and inauthentic discussion is made in the context of Socrates versus the Sophists. Much attention is paid to highlighting the difference between authentic discussion and inauthentic one as pseudo-discussion to provide pathways and guidelines for the implementation of authentic dialogue in the study process.
Plato’s Political Philosophy and its Assessment in the Discourse of Modern Political Science
Authors: Xue Qican
Published: September 2023

Plato’s doctrine of the ideal state is the first form of political philosophy in the written history for European thought. The influence of Plato on the formation of political philosophy cannot be overestimated, since its further development in one way or another was based on the discourse and methodology that was set by his dialogues. This study aims to identify common discourses and dialectical foundations of the most influential modern schools of political philosophy converging in the ideas of Plato. Also, the study is aimed at identifying the main forms in which the philosophical ideas of Plato function in modern political philosophy in an explicit and implicit way. The contribution of the research and its novelty lies in the disclosure of the implicitly immanent features that connect political philosophy with the ideas of Plato as its primary source.
NCCN Guidelines® Insights: Breast Cancer Screening and Diagnosis, Version 1.2023
Authors: Bevers Therese B. , Niell Bethany L. , Baker Jennifer L. , Bennett Debbie L. , Bonaccio Ermelinda , Camp Melissa S. , Chikarmane Sona , Conant Emily F. , Eghtedari Mohammad , Flanagan Meghan R. , Hawley Jeffrey , Helvie Mark , Hodgkiss Linda , Hoyt Tamarya L. , Ivanovich Jennifer , Jochelson Maxine S. , Kulkarni Swati , Lancaster Rachael B. , Mauer Caitlin , Maxwell Jessica , Patel Bhavika K. , Pearlman Mark , Philpotts Liane , Plecha Donna , Plichta Jennifer K. , Shakeri Shadi , Smith Mary Lou , Streibert Clarie L. , Strigel Roberta M. , Tumyan Lusine , Winkler Nicole S. , Wolverton Dulcy E. , Bergman Mary Anne , Kumar Rashmi , Stehman Katie
Published: September 2023

The NCCN Guidelines for Breast Cancer Screening and Diagnosis provide health care providers with a practical, consistent framework for screening and evaluating a spectrum of clinical presentations and breast lesions. The NCCN Breast Cancer Screening and Diagnosis Panel is composed of a multidisciplinary team of experts in the field, including representation from medical oncology, gynecologic oncology, surgical oncology, internal medicine, family practice, preventive medicine, pathology, diagnostic and interventional radiology, as well as patient advocacy. The NCCN Breast Cancer Screening and Diagnosis Panel meets at least annually to review emerging data and comments from reviewers within their institutions to guide updates to existing recommendations. These NCCN Guidelines Insights summarize the panel’s decision-making and discussion surrounding the most recent updates to the guideline’s screening recommendations.
For Your Consideration: Bridge Enhanced ACL Restoration (BEAR): Why, How, and When
Authors: McMillan Sean , Sigman Scott , Dougherty Chris , Ford Elizabeth
Published: September 2023

Reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) has been the gold standard for complete rupture for nearly 40 years. During this journey, variations on technique, rehab, and graft selection have been points of discussion. With the explosion of biologic augments currently seen in orthopedics, a paradigm shift of reconstruction to potential repair and/or restoration has begun. The bridge enhanced ACL restoration (BEAR) procedure provides the ability to perform primary repair of the acutely torn ACL’s via utilization of a proprietary protein based scaffold. Many promising benefits have been shown from early clinical data, including potentially decreasing risk of osteoarthritis, decreased donor site morbidity, and higher success rates in the subset of patients that fail ACL restoration verses those that fail ACL reconstruction. Nevertheless, restoration has potential drawbacks and requires proper patient identification. As the implant has moved from research to commercialization, many questions still exist regarding why, how, and when to use the BEAR implant for injured patients. This manuscript aims to provide a broad overview of these questions and provide clarity based upon initial experiences.
Afinal, para quê serve um livro na estante?
Authors: Macêdo Patricia Ladeira Penna , Cunha Jacqueline Araújo , Macedo Helton Rubiano de
Published: September 2023

Este trabalho apresenta um caso de ensino ocorrido em uma Biblioteca Universitária, onde a classificação de um livro como obra de referência acarreta a restrição de empréstimo, levantando questões sobre a interpretação dessa categorização, a acessibilidade aos recursos acadêmicos e o papel das bibliotecas universitárias na promoção do aprendizado. Esse caso de ensino destaca a importância da catalogação como um processo intelectual e também evidencia a necessidade de flexibilidade na aplicação de regras diante de conteúdos complexos, respeitando o objetivo primordial de apoiar a aprendizagem dos alunos.
Moderating Effect of Disruptive Technology on the Productivity of Family Owned Businesses: A Case Study of SMEs in Akwa Ibom State
Authors:   Akwa Ibom State University, Ime Akpandem Helina , G. Ukpong Eno ,   Akwa Ibom State University
Published: September 2023

This study determined the moderating effect of disruptive technology on the productivity of family-owned business Akwa Ibom State. The purposive sampling technique was used to select 67 family businesses. Primary and secondary data were used for the study. A questionnaire material was developed by the researcher to assess productivity and innovative technology. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were ascertained before testing. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the data. The result of the study showed that disruptive technology has a significant effect on family business productivity with a regression coefficient of 0.142. This implies that 14.2% of the variation in family business productivity is accounted for by disruptive technology. It was recommended that it is in the interest of family businesses to embrace technology for managerial operations, services and products, to enhance their productivity.
Digital Technology and Public Relations Practice in Nigeria: A Critical Discourse
Authors:   Akwa Ibom State University, Obio Akpa, James Udomah Patrick , Calixtus Akarika Daniel ,   Akwa Ibom State University, Obio Akpa, Udo Kierian Nnamdie ,   Akwa Ibom State University, Obio Akpa
Published: September 2023

This work critically examined the impact of digital technology on public relations practice in Nigeria. The objectives of the study were to examine the role of digital technology on public relations practice in Nigeria, identify types of digital technology and examine the positive and negative impacts of digital technology on public relations practices. The study made use of qualitative research methods which relied on books, journals, internet sources, review of related literature to critically discourse the impact of digital media on public relation practice. The study which was anchored on uses and gasification theory and technology determinism theory revealed that the advent of digital technology has greatly impacted how public relations has been practised in Nigeria. The study concluded that digital technology has transformed modern life by adding immeasurable benefits to it. The study recommended that to maintain a favourable image in the organization, public relations practitioners should maintain absolute control over this new media technology and continually monitor the web for unwanted online exposure. Furthermore, inadequate and erroneous online information broadcast by disgruntled employees, customers, and stakeholders should be promptly addressed by PR experts in organizations to avoid unfriendly relations with the public.
Business Excellence Models and Awards for the Public Sector: A Guidebook for National Productivity Organizations
Authors: Mann Robin
Published: September 2023

This guidebook is meant for NPOs aiming to introduce a business excellence (BE) model or awards for the public sector or to enhance their existing schemes. The importance of BE models is introduced through a series of questions and answers, followed by information on promoting and adopting BE and setting up an award process. The final of seven chapters explores how NPOs undertake BE initiatives in the all-important public sector.
Peningkatan Layanan Konsumen Dalam Pengambilan Keputusan pada Model Transportasi Online di Rungkut Surabaya
Authors: Samsudin Acep , Nabiella Hanna Tsania
Published: September 2023

With the development of today's modern era, there are many conveniences that can be accessed, one of which is traveling anywhere just by using online transportation services. However, consumers have several factors to consider in choosing online transportation services. their decisions on the online transportation model in the Rungkut area, Surabaya. The variable in this study is a single variable, namely decision making in the Rungkut area community, users of online transportation services. The data collection technique used is through library research using literature such as books, previous journals and references. The results of this study are improving services to consumers so that the decision-making process carried out by the people of the Rungkut area is more confident in using the online transportation model they use.

Keywords: online transportation, decision making, consumer service improvement
Pengaruh Desain Kemasan terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Produk Biskuit dan Makanan Ringan PT Siantar Top Tbk Pada Siswa Siswi SMA Santa Lusia Bekasi
Authors: Sinaga Sardoli
Published: September 2023

This study aims to obtain empirical evidence regarding the effect of packaging products with indicators packaging brand, packaging images, packaging shapes and packaging colors on the buyer's decision of PT Siantar Top Tbk products on students of SMA Santa Lusia Bekasi. The data used are primary data and the student population of SMA Santa Lusia Bekasi. The sample selection method used is the probability sampling method. The total population in this study was 101 high school students from Santa Lusia Bekasi and the sample used was 50 students from SMA Santa Lusia Bekasi. Buyer's decision as the dependent variable, while the packaging brand, packaging image, packaging shape and packaging color are used as independent variables. The method used is multiple regression analysis using the SPSS program. The results of the research that have been carried out show that the packaging brand variable has a significant number of 0.030, the shape of the packaging has a significant number of 0.025 and the color of the packaging has a significant number of 0.000 which means that it partially affects the buyer's decision because it gets a number below 0.05, while the variable the packaging image has a significant number of 0.108 which means that it partially has no effect on purchasing decisions because it gets a number above 0.05, and the sour brand variable, packaging image, packaging shape and packaging color have a significant number of0.000 which means it has a simultaneous effect on the decision. buyers for getting numbers below 0.05.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Flipped Classroom Terhadap Kemandirian dan Hasil Belajar Siswa
Authors: Fatimah Dewi , Kantun Sri , Herllindawati Dwi
Published: September 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of the flipped classroom learning model on the independence and learning outcomes of class X students of the accounting skills program at Vocasional High School 1 Lumajang with a case study on the basic competencies of basic accounting equations for the 2022/2023 school year. This research is an experimental research with the type of research Pre-Experimental Design and using the One Group Pretest-Posttest research design. Methods of data collection using questionnaires, tests, interviews and documentation. The data analysis method used is the paired sample t-test. The results showed that the flipped classroom learning model had an effect on student learning independence with a Sig. 0.00 <0.05 and has an effect on learning outcomes with a Sig value. 0.03 <0.05. The results of the Percent N-Gain test show that the flipped classroom learning model has an effect on learning independence by 57% and on learning outcomes by 22%.
Analisis Ekonomi dan Break Event Point Pada Pembuatan Tepung Maggot dengan Memanfaatkan Limbah Ternak dan Limbah Rumah Tangga
Authors: Widigdyo Anang , Normawanti Rani Arifah , Utama Adiguna Sasama Wahyu
Published: September 2023

Maggot is a type of insect that has a high nutritional content that can be used as a feed ingredient. Maggot's characteristics as a decomposer can provide solutions to environmental problems, such as the problem of chicken manure and household waste. These two media have proven to be used as media for Maggot production, so that bioconversion or recycling of organic waste is formed, as well as a circular economy because the Maggot produced can be used as a chicken feed ingredient. This study attempts to analyze from an economic perspective whether Maggot production for feed ingredients is more effective than manufactured feed, including analyzing the required production breakeven point
Mutualism Partnership: Sebuah Pola Kemitraan Pengolahan Limbah Medis Kota Jakarta Timur
Authors: Pramitasari Anisa , Sharon Grace , Yusuf Efendy
Published: September 2023

The emergence of Covid-19 some time ago had an impact on increasing the volume of B3 medical waste. The Ministry of Environment and Forestry (KLHK) noted an increase in B3 medical waste ranging from 30% to 50%. In the household environment, B3 waste has increased significantly from 1,538.77 tons in 2020 to 2,106.651 tons in 2021. Medical mask waste is the most dominant. Currently 2.8 million medical mask waste is produced every one minute. Medical mask waste is included in hazardous waste. B3 waste management based on Government Regulation No. 101 of 2014 that medical waste requires special treatment and facilities from the time the waste is produced to its destruction (from candle to grave). The partnership practice is an alternative chosen by the City Government of East Jakarta in managing B3 waste. The results of the research identification lead to a pattern of mutualism partnership. Partnership is considered as a strategy but its implementation tends to be "responsible" because not all medical waste is processed, leaving a classic problem in the waste management series. The commitment of households, government and the private sector in waste management is an important aspect towards a new paradigm. Reality shows that efforts to manage medical waste in East Jakarta are partly still in the old paradigm concept.
L’analyse comportementale du jugement judiciaire dans l’angle mort des études sociojuridiques francophones au Canada
Authors: Bédard-Rubin Jean-Christophe
Published: September 2023

Depuis l’adoption de la Charte canadienne des droits et libertés, les juristes et les politologues canadiens-anglais sont allés puiser en nombre grandissant dans les études américaines pour trouver les outils méthodologiques et théoriques permettant d’expliquer le comportement des juges. S’appuyant sur une conception réaliste plutôt que légaliste du jugement judiciaire, les modèles comportementaux qu’ils ont ainsi cherché à élaborer intègrent une multitude de facteurs indépendants du droit pour expliquer les décisions des juges : cultivation stratégique de la légitimité de la part de la Cour suprême, négociation entre juges pour créer des consensus, influence des caractéristiques personnelles ou des orientations idéologiques des juges sur leurs décisions, etc. Cependant, toutes les théories avancées dans la littérature américaine ne se sont pas révélées également satisfaisantes pour expliquer la réalité canadienne. Les chercheurs francophones sont quant à eux restés largement à l’écart du développement de ce nouveau champ d’études. L’analyse comportementale du jugement judiciaire permettrait pourtant de penser à nouveaux frais de nombreuses questions qui les ont traditionnellement intéressés. Plusieurs raisons expliquent ces divergences dont l’histoire constitutionnelle récente et la culture politique québécoise qui ont contribué à garder les tribunaux à l’arrière-plan dans l’étude du changement social et politique ainsi que la structure du champ universitaire québécois et les divisions entre disciplines qui ont eu tendance à favoriser une conception de l’interdisciplinarité comme outil au service de l’analyse doctrinale traditionnelle. L’exemple du bilinguisme des juges de la Cour suprême du Canada permet d’illustrer les conséquences politiques et épistémologiques que peut avoir le développement de ce champ de recherche sans l’apport des chercheurs francophones.
Un rendez-vous manqué avec l’accès à la justice : le projet d’un tribunal unifié de la famille au Québec
Authors: Costanzo Valérie P.
Published: September 2023

Au Québec, la création d’un tribunal unifié de la famille (TUF) est proposée depuis les années 70 comme une solution à nombre d’enjeux d’accès à la justice familiale. Bien que le projet se soit concrétisé dans plusieurs provinces canadiennes, il est resté lettre morte dans la belle province. L’autrice trace le portrait des avantages d’un TUF pour les justiciables et met en évidence les causes expliquant le maintien du statu quo. Elle expose d’abord les barrières auxquelles font face les justiciables dans le système de justice familiale actuel afin de présenter les promesses d’un TUF à la lumière de l’expérience d’autres provinces canadiennes.

Ensuite, son étude des travaux relatifs à la création d’un TUF de l’Assemblée nationale du Québec à partir des années 70 lui permet de déterminer les blocages à cet égard. Par le fait même, l’autrice évalue la teneur des propos des divers acteurs et la place accordée à l’accès à la justice. Son analyse révèle que les enjeux liés au fédéralisme dominent ces discours et démontre la manière dont les barrières politiques entravent les réformes touchant l’accès à la justice.
La boîte noire des tribunaux : les difficultés à comprendre, à mesurer et à améliorer les pratiques judiciaires
Authors: Leclerc Chloé
Published: September 2023

La note aborde trois enjeux de l’absence de données fiables sur le travail des tribunaux de juridiction criminelle au Canada. D’abord, l’incapacité de documenter les pratiques centrales des tribunaux qui vont bien au-delà du simple choix de la peine (prison ou non). Ensuite, l’incapacité de bien comprendre les problèmes de disparité, de discrimination ou d’accès à la justice et de proposer des solutions pour y faire face. Finalement, l’incapacité de mesurer les effets réels des réformes ou des transformations des tribunaux. C’est à travers différents exemples concrets que les failles de cette absence de données sont illustrées et que leurs conséquences sont discutées.
Ensemble : l’intervention familiale en contexte de nature et d’aventure
Authors: Pouliot Eve , Langelier Marie-Ève , Maillé Marina
Published: September 2023

Bien que la pertinence de l’intervention en contexte de nature et d’aventure (INA) soit de plus en plus reconnue dans les écrits scientifiques, les défis et les retombées qui y sont associés lors d’intervention familiale demeurent peu documentés (Liermann et Norton, 2016; Tucker et al., 2016). Or, les INA offrent un contexte favorable au développement de liens familiaux, notamment en raison des interactions que requiert l’adaptation au milieu naturel et de la possibilité de relever des défis (Overholt, 2014). Ainsi, cet article propose une recension exploratoire d’études portant sur l’intervention familiale en contexte de nature et d’aventure (IFNA). Les neuf études recensées permettent de dresser un portrait de différents programmes et de leurs retombées sur les jeunes et les familles. Une discussion met ensuite en lumière des éléments propres à l’INA pouvant être mis au service de l’intervention familiale, de même que les défis qui y sont associés en travail social. En conclusion, de nouvelles pistes de recherche et d’intervention sont identifiées.
La nature en soutien au rétablissement : retombées et constats d’une intervention de groupe en contexte de nature auprès de jeunes adultes ayant vécu un premier épisode psychotique
Authors: Pellerin Justine , Gargano Virginie
Published: September 2023

Le premier épisode psychotique (PEP) est un trouble mental grave qui touche majoritairement les jeunes adultes. C’est un phénomène multidimensionnel et complexe duquel il est possible de se rétablir. Certains travaux démontrent des relations entre le rétablissement et les interventions facilitant la mobilisation des ressources personnelles et environnementales des personnes. Parmi celles-ci se trouvent les pratiques centrées sur la nature et l’aventure (PCNA). Bien que ces pratiques soient particulièrement reconnues pour leurs bienfaits sur le rétablissement en santé mentale, peu de travaux portent sur les PCNA réalisées auprès des personnes ayant vécu un PEP. Cet article a donc pour but d’exposer les retombées d’un projet d’intervention réalisé en nature auprès de jeunes adultes ayant vécu un PEP. Les retombées montrent que l’intervention a été bénéfique sur les dimensions clinique, existentielle, fonctionnelle, physique et sociale du rétablissement. En tenant compte de la nature de ce projet et de ses limites, cet article met en lumière le potentiel de telles démarches en travail social auprès des personnes ayant vécu un PEP.
Défis et obstacles au repérage et à l’intervention en matière de violence conjugale lors de la période périnatale : principaux constats issus de l’expérience professionnelle auprès des familles
Authors: Lévesque Sylvie , Boulebsol Carole , Lavergne Chantal , Poissant Julie , Giguère Nadia , Angers Marie-Noëlle , Dunn Monica , Nault Maëcha
Published: September 2023

La violence conjugale lors de la période périnatale (VCPP) est une préoccupation sociale et de santé importante. Afin de documenter les pratiques de repérage et d’intervention en VCPP au Québec, 29 intervenant·es de différents milieux ont participé à des groupes de discussion focalisés réalisés entre les mois de décembre 2019 et mars 2020. Trois thèmes centraux ont été dégagés : 1) la présence de pratiques de repérage très variables; 2) la mécompréhension et la banalisation de la VCPP ainsi que des écarts d’analyse et de pratiques entre les professionnel·les; et finalement 3) les barrières structurelles comme frein important dans le repérage et l’intervention en VCPP. Ces résultats pourront guider l’amélioration des services en VCPP.
Task-dependent optimal representations for cerebellar learning
Authors: Xie Marjorie , Muscinelli Samuel P , Decker Harris Kameron , Litwin-Kumar Ashok
Published: September 2023

The cerebellar granule cell layer has inspired numerous theoretical models of neural representations that support learned behaviors, beginning with the work of Marr and Albus. In these models, granule cells form a sparse, combinatorial encoding of diverse sensorimotor inputs. Such sparse representations are optimal for learning to discriminate random stimuli. However, recent observations of dense, low-dimensional activity across granule cells have called into question the role of sparse coding in these neurons. Here, we generalize theories of cerebellar learning to determine the optimal granule cell representation for tasks beyond random stimulus discrimination, including continuous input-output transformations as required for smooth motor control. We show that for such tasks, the optimal granule cell representation is substantially denser than predicted by classical theories. Our results provide a general theory of learning in cerebellum-like systems and suggest that optimal cerebellar representations are task-dependent.
Loss of Ptpmt1 limits mitochondrial utilization of carbohydrates and leads to muscle atrophy and heart failure in tissue-specific knockout mice
Authors: Zheng Hong , Li Qianjin , Li Shanhu , Li Zhiguo , Brotto Marco , Weiss Daiana , Prosdocimo Domenick , Xu Chunhui , Reddy Ashruth , Puchowicz Michelle , Zhao Xinyang , Weitzmann M Neale , Jain Mukesh K , Qu Cheng-Kui
Published: September 2023

While mitochondria in different tissues have distinct preferences for energy sources, they are flexible in utilizing competing substrates for metabolism according to physiological and nutritional circumstances. However, the regulatory mechanisms and significance of metabolic flexibility are not completely understood. Here, we report that the deletion of Ptpmt1, a mitochondria-based phosphatase, critically alters mitochondrial fuel selection – the utilization of pyruvate, a key mitochondrial substrate derived from glucose (the major simple carbohydrate), is inhibited, whereas the fatty acid utilization is enhanced. Ptpmt1 knockout does not impact the development of the skeletal muscle or heart. However, the metabolic inflexibility ultimately leads to muscular atrophy, heart failure, and sudden death. Mechanistic analyses reveal that the prolonged substrate shift from carbohydrates to lipids causes oxidative stress and mitochondrial destruction, which in turn results in marked accumulation of lipids and profound damage in the knockout muscle cells and cardiomyocytes. Interestingly, Ptpmt1 deletion from the liver or adipose tissue does not generate any local or systemic defects. These findings suggest that Ptpmt1 plays an important role in maintaining mitochondrial flexibility and that their balanced utilization of carbohydrates and lipids is essential for both the skeletal muscle and the heart despite the two tissues having different preferred energy sources.
The ATM-E6AP-MASTL axis mediates DNA damage checkpoint recovery
Authors: Li Yanqiu , Wang Feifei , Li Xin , Wang Ling , Yang Zheng , You Zhongsheng , Peng Aimin
Published: September 2023

Checkpoint activation after DNA damage causes a transient cell cycle arrest by suppressing cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). However, it remains largely elusive how cell cycle recovery is initiated after DNA damage. In this study, we discovered the upregulated protein level of MASTL kinase hours after DNA damage. MASTL promotes cell cycle progression by preventing PP2A/B55-catalyzed dephosphorylation of CDK substrates. DNA damage-induced MASTL upregulation was caused by decreased protein degradation, and was unique among mitotic kinases. We identified E6AP as the E3 ubiquitin ligase that mediated MASTL degradation. MASTL degradation was inhibited upon DNA damage as a result of the dissociation of E6AP from MASTL. E6AP depletion reduced DNA damage signaling, and promoted cell cycle recovery from the DNA damage checkpoint, in a MASTL-dependent manner. Furthermore, we found that E6AP was phosphorylated at Ser-218 by ATM after DNA damage and that this phosphorylation was required for its dissociation from MASTL, the stabilization of MASTL, and the timely recovery of cell cycle progression. Together, our data revealed that ATM/ATR-dependent signaling, while activating the DNA damage checkpoint, also initiates cell cycle recovery from the arrest. Consequently, this results in a timer-like mechanism that ensures the transient nature of the DNA damage checkpoint.
Preface
Authors: Panieri Giuliana , Poto Margherita Paola , Bertolotto Bianc Giuliano
Published: September 2023

Introductory remarks: A collaboration between the projects Akma2 Ocean Senses and ECO_CARE leaves no one behind within the umbrella of the Agenda 2030.
A convolutional neural networks based approach for clustering of emotional elements in art design
Authors: Rui Xue
Published: September 2023

The rapid advancement of industrialization has sparked the emergence of diverse art and design theories. As a trailblazer in the realm of industrial art and design theory, visual communication has transcended the boundaries of merely arranging and combining individual elements. Embracing the potential of artificial intelligence technology, the extraction of multidimensional abstract data and the acceleration of the art design process have gained considerable momentum. This study delves into the abstract emotional facets within the methodology of visual communication art design. Initially, convolutional neural networks (CNN) are employed to extract expressive features from the poster’s visual information. Subsequently, these features are utilized to cluster emotional elements using a variational autoencoder (VAE). Through this clustering process, the poster images are categorized into positive, negative, and neutral classes. Experimental results demonstrate a silhouette coefficient surpassing 0.7, while the system framework exhibits clustering accuracy and efficiency exceeding 80% in single sentiment class testing. These outcomes underscore the efficacy of the proposed CNN-VAE-based clustering framework in analyzing the dynamic content of design elements. This framework presents a novel approach for future art design within the realm of visual communication.
Analysis of the use of target value design in the generation of value in design
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Escuela de Ingeniería, Giménez de Benavides Zulay Mercedes
Published: September 2023

El proceso tradicional de diseño en la industria AEC (Arquitectura, Ingeniería y Construcción) no logra generar el valor esperado por el cliente. El diseño requiere el establecimiento de requerimientos del cliente, usualmente mal formulados y ambiguos, para generar un diseño completo y posteriormente evaluar aspectos de costo, tiempo, constructabilidad y otros criterios que, al ser considerados tardíamente, no necesariamente cumplen con los requerimientos del cliente, e históricamente han tenido resultados de ineficiencia y falta de calidad. Dentro de la industria AEC se han desarrollado prácticas de gestión que mejoran la productividad y generación de valor, tales como Target Value Design (TVD). Se cree que, al desplazar los esfuerzos de diseño hacia actividades preliminares, y considerando tempranamente objetivos de costos y valor del cliente, aplicando TVD, se generará mayor valor que en el diseño tradicional. El presente proyecto tiene como objetivo entender cómo TVD contribuye a generar valor en el diseño. Por ende, se desarrolla un modelo de análisis de valor a través de indicadores cuantitativos de valor en el diseño, para ser aplicado en: (1) proyectos bajo el esquema de proceso de diseño tradicional y (2) en proyectos bajo la intervención de TVD, con el fin de evaluar las diferencias y visualizar la influencia del TVD sobre el valor logrado en el diseño. Los principales resultados de esta investigación son, (1) un modelo de análisis de valor en la etapa de diseño, que ofrece mecanismos de medición de generación de valor e identificación de pérdidas de valor, (2) una mayor comprensión de pérdidas de valor durante el proceso de diseño tradicional y (3) evidencia del impacto sobre la generación de valor del uso de TVD en proyectos inmobiliarios.