bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study on the Right to Collective Bargaining for Indirect Employment Workers in the Context of the Korean Constitutionalism
Authors:   Korean Constitutional Law Asscciation, Kim Jongcheol
Published: February 2025

The basic system of labor law, which has traditionally been formed around direct employment, is being called for a major transformation due to the impact of rapid social changes, such as the advent of the information society. Above all, South Korea's labor legislation and labor case law are excessively inclined toward the modern civil law system based on individualism, and the paradigm of traditional collective labor relations law needs to be innovated in accordance with the pluralistic nature of the Korean Constitution, which calls for democratization in all areas of life, including politics, economy, society, and culture.
The economic constitution of the current constitution, which is led by the economic democratization clause, is establishing a pluralistic democratic welfare state economic order, and the fundamental labor rights such as the right to work and the three labor rights form the central axis of this economic order. In order for these labor rights to effectively embody human dignity and substantive equality, it is necessary to guarantee labor relations in which workers with weak social bargaining power, who need protection, are recognized as having equal social bargaining power with employers in various forms of indirect employment, such as special types of employment or temporary labor, rather than direct employment based on typical employment contracts, in order to democratize the economy through harmony between economic entities.
Against the background of the pluralistic democratic welfare state economic order of the Korean Constitution, this article attempts to provide an alternative interpretation of the basic nature and structure of the right to collective bargaining, with a particular focus on the qualifications and scope of workers who can exercise this right, and the corresponding scope of employers who are obliged to accept the bargaining demand of this expanded scope of workers.
Two main arguments will be at the heart of this attempt at clarification. Firstly, it is argued that all workers who are 'vulnerable' or 'in need of social protection' in industrial relations will be able to secure the status of eligible party of collective bargaining rights. Secondly, it is also argued that even in the absence of specific individual legislation, the holder of collective bargaining rights can demand that the employer, who has a substantial and specific relationship of domination and decision, which is recognised by the Constitution itself as a need for social protection, respond to collective bargaining, and the employer is obliged to respond within the conditions and scope of such substantiality and specificity.
Evaluation and Improvement of Military Judicial System Reform
Authors:   Korean Constitutional Law Asscciation, Kim Jeong-Soo
Published: February 2025

Citizens have the right to request the state to protect their safety, freedom, and property. This right inherently entails the duty of citizens to defend the national community. Accordingly, the Constitution imposes the duty of national defense on all citizens and, at the same time, organizes the national military forces for the purpose of national security, explicitly defining the missions and duties of the military in the general provisions of the Constitution.
In consideration of the political situation on the Korean Peninsula and the unique characteristics of the military, Korean society has permitted exceptions in the judicial system to reflect the peculiarities of the military judicial system. However, since the 2000s, human rights violations in the military —such as deaths during training, abusive conduct, suspicious deaths, sexual violence, and cases of distortion, manipulation, minimization, and concealment— have emerged as social issues. This led to significant reforms in the military judicial system in 2021. The amendment of the Military Court Act in 2021 is considered the most remarkable reform of the military judicial system to date. The fundamental direction of this amendment can be summarized as structural changes in the military trial system, civilian oversight, and the protection of victims in military litigation processes. Nevertheless, these reforms did not resolve all issues, highlighting the remaining challenges ranging from structural problems inherent in the Military Court Act to constitutional, legal, and institutional issues within the military judicial system.
The proposed improvement measures thus far demonstrate that social consensus aimed at addressing various problems within the military has been partially accepted, leading to significant changes. It is essential to prioritize the independence, fairness, and transparency of the military judicial system through gradual changes. Additionally, the Constitution’s provision allowing for the establishment of military courts as special courts seems to aim at ensuring a certain degree of autonomy for the military judicial system within the framework of the Constitution. Therefore, recognizing the military court as a special court that considers the unique characteristics of the military, the military judicial system must be established clearly in constitutional, legal, and institutional terms, and it must be maintained and developed in alignment with constitutional order and judicial justice.
PERBANDINGAN TEKNIK OPTIMASI GRID SEARCH DAN RANDOMIZED SEARCH DALAM MENINGKATKAN AKURASI METODE KLASIFIKASI SVM PADA SENTIMEN ULASAN PENGGUNA APLIKASI JKN MOBILE
Authors: Rachmatsyah Agus Dendi , Sugihartono Tri , Irfan Khoiril
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini membahas perbandingan dua teknik optimasi, Grid Search dan Randomized Search, dalam meningkatkan akurasi metode klasifikasi Support Vector Machine (SVM) pada analisis sentimen ulasan pengguna aplikasi JKN Mobile. Masalah yang dihadapi adalah rendahnya akurasi klasifikasi SVM dalam analisis sentimen ketika parameter hiper tidak dioptimalkan secara efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi teknik optimasi yang lebih efektif dalam meningkatkan performa model SVM. Metodologi penelitian mencakup langkah-langkah pengumpulan data ulasan pengguna, preprocessing, ekstraksi fitur, pembagian data, pelatihan model, optimasi parameter hiper, serta evaluasi model. Selain itu, digunakan Synthetic Minority Over-Sampling Technique (SMOTE) untuk menangani ketidakseimbangan kelas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi SVM dengan Randomized Search memberikan akurasi tertinggi sebesar 82%, dibandingkan dengan Grid Search yang menghasilkan akurasi 81,5%. Waktu eksekusi untuk Randomized Search juga lebih cepat, yakni 1 menit 21 detik dibandingkan dengan Grid Search yang memerlukan 3 menit 28 detik. Teknik SMOTE berhasil meningkatkan keseimbangan distribusi kelas sentimen negatif, netral, dan positif, meskipun nilai F1-score untuk kelas netral dan positif tetap rendah. Kesimpulannya, Randomized Search lebih unggul dalam hal efisiensi waktu dan peningkatan akurasi, meskipun tantangan masih ada dalam mengklasifikasikan sentimen netral dan positif.
IMPLEMENTASI FP-GROWTH DAN FUZZY TSUKAMOTO UNTUK MENENTUKAN PERSENTASE KUOTA JALUR MASUK PERGURUAN TINGGI
Authors: Khairunnisa Nafa , Jumadi Jumadi , Taufik Ichsan
Published: February 2025

Setiap universitas berusaha mencapai atau mempertahankan akreditasi unggul. Mahasiswa yang lulus dengan predikat memuaskan berperan penting dalam menentukan akreditasi tersebut. Menurut BAN-PT 2021, universitas dianggap unggul jika memiliki mahasiswa dengan masa studi maksimal 4,5 tahun dan IPK rata-rata ≥ 3,25. Salah satu cara untuk mempertahankannya adalah dengan mengelola persebaran kuota jalur masuk Penerimaan Mahasiswa Baru (PMB) secara optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki bagaimana variabel IPK, masa studi, dan jalur masuk pada data wisudawan berhubungan satu sama lain. Untuk mendapatkan pola asosiasi antar variabel tersebut maka digunakanlah FP-Growth. Selanjutnya, persentase distribusi kuota dihitung menggunakan Fuzzy Tsukamoto. Dari penelitian ini didapatkan akurasi model sebesar 94.42% dan nilai presisi 62.5%, yang menandakan bahwa metode yang digunakan efektif dalam membantu menentukan distribusi kuota yang optimal untuk PMB. Dengan demikian, hasil ini dapat digunakan untuk mendukung kebijakan universitas dalam menentukan persebaran kuota yang lebih tepat guna mendukung pencapaian akreditasi unggul.
Early Stage of Epidermoid Carcinoma of the Cervix
Authors: Bentabet C. , Khattabi A. , Idrissi M.B. , Mamouni N. , Errarhay S. , Bouchikhi C. , Banani A.
Published: February 2025

Cervical cancer is a major health problem and the second most common cancer in women after breast cancer in Morocco. Epidermoid carcinoma is the most frequent histological type. Surgical treatment is widely used in early stages. Adjuvant treatment is indicated according to the FIGO stage of the tumor. Three cases having early stage of epidermoid carcinoma treated in the department of gynecology-obstetrics I at the CHU Hassan Il in Fez over a two years period were analysed retrospectively. Patient age ranged from 28 to 52 years, with an average of 41. Two patients presented with induced metrorrhagia and the third with an abnormal cervico-vaginal screening. Biopsy were performed on all our patients finding an epidermoid carcinoma. One patient was treated. Treatment consisted of conisation for one patient and Wertheim-type surgery for the others. Two of our patients received adjuvant treatment. As a Conclusion: Cervical cancer is very often curable, with a survival rate of almost 85% for stages I and II, and over 50% for advanced tumors. Unfortunately, our patients most often consult us at an advanced.
Design and Finite Element Analysis of Medium Carbon Steel Toilet Brush Cup Injection Mold
Authors: Michael Joseph Irabodemeh , Madukasi Arinzechukwu Hipolite , Uchenna Oweziem Bright , Owolabi Oluwasegun Biodun
Published: February 2025

The usage of plastics is mainly due to their lower weight, melting temperature and cost compared to other materials like metal, composites etc, accompanied with decent flow characteristics. Thus, the demand for smaller, precise and compact designs with intricate geometries, on using plastics, has to be met. Injection molding is an ideal plastic manufacturing process due to its ability to manufacture complex plastic parts with high precision and production rates at low operating costs with only a relatively high initial investment for mold design and fabrication. This study, structural analysis of a 0.3% carbon of medium carbon steel toilet brush cup injection mold, centers on the structural analysis of the assessment and reassessment of the heat treated medium carbon steel injection mold material to ascertain the structural integrity of the assessed and reassessed mold material. The maximum equivalent von –mises stress and directional deformation of the structural analysis of the mold material before heat treatment were 3.441*109Pa and 9.0095*10-4m respectively. While the maximum equivalent von –mises stress and directional deformation of the structural analysis of the mold material after heat treatment were 3.432*109Pa and 8.4722*10-4m respectively. The results were favorable for injection molding application and wear reduction.
Analysis of Effectiveness and Adherence of Tuberculosis Patients' Medication in Health Care Facilities in Indonesia
Authors: Mardhiyyah Cut Ainul , Pandanwangi Siti , Joharudin Ade , Sundari Retno Tresno , Sumari Sumari , Puteri Resma Sagita
Published: February 2025

Indonesia has the second-ranked tuberculosis cases in the world, with a TB burden of 1,060,000 in 2024. In the Ciamis District, West Java, Indonesia, the number of tuberculosis patients experienced quite an improvement from 1517 in 2021 to 2,274 patients in 2022. Still, the number of successful treatments has not yet reached the target of 90 percent set by the global and national TB programs. Adherence and effectiveness become important things for rated as step success treatment. Research this aims to know the level of adherence and effectiveness of TB drugs and the relationship between socio-demographics and effectiveness and adherence to TB drugs. The descriptive observation method used treatment data from TB patients and identification adherence using the MMAS-8 questionnaire. Retrieval technique sample This used purposive sampling with samples obtained, namely 40 respondents. Distribution results frequency 7.9 with a level of adherence, effective use of 100% TB medicine, and no there is a correlation between adherence and effectiveness based on sociodemographic data participants.
Hubungan Kecerdasan Emosional terhadap Perencanaan Karier Siswa Kelas XI di MAN 1 Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Muhammad Nikman Naser  , Refsi Anisa Fa’ati
Published: February 2025

Setiap siswa memiliki kemampuan yang berbeda satu dengan yang lainnya dimana dapat dilihat dari minat, bakat serta kecerdasan. Perencanaan karier merupakan langkah awal yang dilakukan seseorang dalam mencapai tujuan kariernya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kecerdasan emosional terhadap perencanaan karier siswa kelas XI di MAN 1 Kota Bengkulu. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan korelasi. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan ialah dengan melakukan penyebaran angket (kuesioner). Pemilihan sampel menggunakan teknik probability sampling dengan jenis proportionate stratified random sampling, berdasarkan teknik tersebut dengan jumlah populasi 388 siswa maka sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 198 siswa. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kecerdasan  emosional dengan perencanaan karier siswa.  Hasil uji tersebut dapat dilihat bahwa nilai koefisien determinan R square sebesar 0,023 < 0,05  yang berarti adanya kontribusi hubungan kecerdasan emosional dengan variabel perencanaan karier. Implikasi penelitian ini sebagai need assesment siswa dalam memahami perkembangan karier  dan guru BK dapat mendesain suatu pendekatan bimbingan dan konseling karier yang efektif.
Comparative Effects of Losartan and Perindopril on Uric Acid Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Authors: Tatlı Emel , Özgür Rahime
Published: February 2025

Objective: This study aimed to compare the effects of losartan, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, and Perindopril, an ACE inhibitor, on uric acid levels in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients with normoalbuminuria and microalbuminuria.
Material and Methods: A total of 100 patients with T2DM were included, with 50 receiving losartan (50 mg/day) and 50 receiving perindopril (4 mg/day) for 12 weeks. Patients were stratified based on their albumin excretion levels. Baseline assessments included serum uric acid levels, blood pressure, fasting glucose, and albuminuria, with follow-up measurements conducted every four weeks. The primary endpoint was the change in serum uric acid levels, while secondary outcomes included blood pressure control and albuminuria progression.
Results: Both groups exhibited comparable baseline characteristics, including serum uric acid levels, blood pressure, and fasting glucose (p > 0.05). The mean baseline uric acid level was 6.5 ± 1.1 mg/dL. After 12 weeks, uric acid levels significantly declined in the losartan group to 5.8 ± 0.9 mg/dL (mean reduction: 0.7 mg/dL, p < 0.001). In contrast, the perindopril group showed a modest, non-significant reduction to 6.2 ± 1.0 mg/dL (mean reduction: 0.2 mg/dL, p = 0.08). The reduction in uric acid was significantly greater with losartan than with perindopril (p < 0.01). No significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of blood pressure reduction (SBP, p = 0.45; DBP, p = 0.38). Among microalbuminuric patients, albumin excretion significantly decreased in both groups, from 45.2 ± 10.5 mg/24h to 30.1 ± 8.7 mg/24h (p < 0.01) in the losartan group and from 46.5 ± 11.0 mg/24h to 34.3 ± 9.4 mg/24h (p < 0.05) in the perindopril group. However, the difference in albuminuria reduction between treatments was not statistically significant (p = 0.12).
Conclusion: Losartan demonstrated a greater capacity to lower uric acid levels compared to perindopril, without compromising blood pressure control or albuminuria management. Given its potential dual benefit in managing hypertension and hyperuricemia, losartan may be a preferable option for T2DM patients at risk of uric acid-related complications.
Coronary artery bypass surgery and sexual function
Authors: Yuksel Mehmet Bilgehan , Gecit Ilhan , Karakose Ayhan , Pirincci Necip , Gunes Mustafa , Aydin Cemalettin , Kaba Mehmet
Published: February 2025

Objectives:To evaluate the influences of coronary artery by-pass surgery(CABS) on sexual function(SF) and the comorbidities on the impact of CABS on SF.
Methods:The data of 112 patients who underwent CABS and interviewed by full form of IIEF questionnaire before and 6 months after CABS were retrospectively evaluated. We specifically analyzed and compared the preoperative and postoperative(PAP) IIEF questionnaire(IQ)  results to determine the influences of CABS on SF. Furthermore, we separately analyzed the same PAP data in diabetic, hypertensive and both diabetic and hypertensive subgroups and compared the data in each group to find possible influences of the comorbidities on the impact of CABS on SF.
Results:The mean age was 61,7±9,1. The number of patients without erectile dysfunction(ED) increased from 3(%2.6) to 7(%6.2), with severe and moderate ED decreased from 85(%75.9) to 33(%29.4), with mild ED increased from 24(%21.4) to 72(%64.2) after CABS, which revealed the severity of ED declined in overall and ED completely improved in some patients after CABS.  The total IIEF, erectile function(EF), intercourse satisfaction, orgasmic function and sexual desire scores significantly increased after CABS(P=0,000). Although OS(Overall Satisfaction) had an increase, no statistically significant alteration was found(P= 0,04). The SF most improved in both diabetic and hypertensive group, it was least affected in diabetic group.
Conclusions:CABS had positive impacts on EF and almost all domains of SF. While the lonely presence of diabetes did not significantly affect the impact of CABS on SF, the SF most improved in both diabetic and hypertensive cases after CABS.
Retrospective analysis of deep sedation in pediatric population for endoscopic procedures: adverse events and outcomes
Authors: Isik Berrin , Sivgin Volkan , Arslan Mustafa , Kartal Seyfi , Unal Yusuf , Akcabay Mehmet
Published: February 2025

Background: Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (E) and colonoscopy (C) procedures are not well tolerated in pediatric population. General anesthesia or sedation applied during gastroendoscopic procedures. This study is done to review our sedation practice and to evaluate the clinical effectiveness and side effects of an anaesthesiologist administered deep sedation for gastroendoscopic procedures outside the operating room.
Methods: After Institutional Review Board Approval, the charts of all children who underwent endoscopic procedure at the outpatient endoscopy suite under sedation, (Jan 2011- December 2011) were reviewed retrospectively. 
Results: Deep sedation was used in 301 procedures, which 255 were endoscopic and 23 were colonoscopic procedures. Twenty-three children had both procedures performed in one session. Demographic details:  Age [year, mean]: 10,1±5,1, Gender (M/F): 152/149, Body weight [kg, (mean±SD )]: 35.7±18.7. Severe bradycardia with oxygen desaturation was recorded in two patients. All procedures were carried out successfully. Emergence delirium was seen in only one patient who was the substance user. No significant side effect derived from intervention was observed during the procedures, except one case (perforation of the colon).
Conclusion: Deep sedation applied by anesthesiologist found to be adequately safe and appropriate for children during gastroendoscopic procedures.
Relationship Between Premature ventricular complexes and Neutrophil–Lymphocyte Ratio in asymptomatic healty young men
Authors: Kibrisli Erkan , Iscen Sinan , Yilmaz Ahmet , Ozenc Salim , Parlak Adem , Tok Duran
Published: February 2025

Background: Premature ventricular complexes (PVC) are a relatively common electrocardiographic abnormality presenting in individuals without overt cardiovascular disease. There is no clear mortality benefit from VPB suppression in asymptomatic patients. In addition, It has been showed  that evidence for structural heart disease consistent with non-ischemic scarring possibly due to inflammation in patients with premature ventricular beats . This situation  suggests that the mechanisms by which VPBs can be also  generated with  include  clinical and subclinical inflammation. The neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an easy, cheap, noninvasive, and universally available laboratory marker used to evaluate clinical and subclinical systemic inflammation.We investigated the NLR in  asymptomatic  healty young men  with  PVC(structural heart disease excluded with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging)   compared with controls.
Methods: The study group consisted of  21  asymptomatic(or atypical complaint)  healty young men  with PVC ( mean age 22.7 ± 2.0 years.
Results:There were no significant differences between the 2 groups with respect to age, gender, body mass index, smoking, as well as glucose, creatinine, total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-C, HDL-C,  hemoglobin levels, white blood cell count, and red cell distribution width.  The NLR was significantly higher among the men  with PVC than that of the control group (2.7 ±0.7 vs 1.5 ± 0.4, respectively; P < .001).
Conclusions: We  found that the NLR is significantly elevated in asymptomatic  healty young men  with PVC  compared with control participants. The increased NLR values might indicate subclinical and clinical inflammation in asymptomatic  healty young men  with PVC ,and we must  consider that there
The effect of the time interval between the last breastfeeding and Tc-99m MIBI injection on the intensity of Tc-99m MIBI uptake in breast tissue
Authors: Tasdemir Bekir , Dostbil Zeki , Sezgin Ilhan
Published: February 2025

In this case report, we present a 36-year-old lactating woman, 10 months after delivery, who was referred to our clinic for a myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS) due to chest pain. A scintigraphic procedure was performed according to the two-day protocol. On the first day, dipyridamole pharmacological stress Tc-99m MIBI MPS was performed, and on the second day, the same test was repeated while in a resting state without the administration of any pharmacological agent. The stress scan, compared to the rest scan, presented a higher uptake of Tc-99m MIBI in the breast tissue. The patient query revealed that the last breastfeeding was 12 hours before the stress scan and she did not breastfeed or express breast milk prior to the rest scan. Our findings suggest that ceasing the emptying of the mammary glands prior to the Tc-99m MIBI injection might be appropriate to decrease the radiation exposure of the mammary glands and the breast-fed baby.
Thyrotoxicosis due to functioning metastatic follicular thyroid cancer
Authors: Tuzcu Sadiye Altun , Kilinc Faruk , Pekkolay Zafer , Soylu Hikmet , Tuzcu Alpaslan Kemal
Published: February 2025

Thyrotoxicosis is a common condition associated with excess circulating thyroid hormones. Rarely, thyrotoxicosis can be developing due to functioning metastatic thyroid carcinoma. Most of patients with functional thyroid cancer metastases have had normal thyroxine (T4) concentrations but high serum triiodothyronine (T3-thyrotoxicosis). Inappropriately supressed TSH levels with normal T4 levels may be helpful to suspect T3 thyrotoxicosis. In this case report we present a case of thyrotoxicosis due to metastatic follicular thyroid cancer with a huge metastatic lesion.
One year experience of emergency service in patients with penetrating head trauma due to firearm
Authors: Karabag Hamza , Kilic Mustafa , Ethemoglu Kadri Burak , Buyukaslan Hasan
Published: February 2025

Objective: We aimed to share the features of 45 patients with firearm injuries related head traumas and our experiences in their treatments.  
Methods: Our cases consisted of 36 males 45 patients in total between the ages of 18-65, who were brought to the emergency service of our hospital due to firearm injuries. For this retrospective study, it was accessed to the patient data from the archival records of our hospital. The demographical data of the patients like age and gender, and the records such as type of injury, injured area in head, diagnosis, treatment and follow ups were reviewed. 
Results: There were sinus injury related epidural haemorrhages in 8 of patients who underwent urgent surgical intervention (17.8%). In 18 of the patients (39.95%) who underwent surgery had supratentorial injuries and 7 (15.55%) had infratentorial injuries. All these 25 patients (55.50%) who underwent surgery had multiple intracranial injuries (compression fracture + subdural haemorrhage + contusion + pneumocephalus + SAH + brain edema). Four of these 6 patients with multiple injuries had abdominal injuries. Two patients had haemopneumothorax. There were vertebra and extremity injuries in 2 patients with abdominal injuries.
Conclusions: Brain injuries occurring with the firearm head injuries are seen as multiple injuries and their rate of mortality is quite higher.
Successful treatment of severe aplastic anemia with eltrombopag: a case report
Authors: Eser Ali , Eser Funda Pepedil , Toptas Tayfur , Bozkurt Suheyla , Kombak Erdem , Atagunduz Isik Kaygusuz , Kara Osman , Tuglular Ayse Tulin Firatli
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Aplastic anemia is a clinical syndrome characterized by peripheral pancytopenia and deficiency of hematopoietic precursors in the bone marrow. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) should be considered as first line treatment for young patients with an available donor. However,alternative therapy options are scant in patients who are not candidates for transplantation. Here, we report the efficacy of eltrombopag in a case of severe aplastic anemia.
Case Presentation: Twenty-two years old female patient was admitted to the Marmara University Hospital because of severe aplastic anemia. There was not an available HLA-matched sibling donor and immunosuppressive treatment with horse-derived ATG (40 mg per day for 5 days) and cyclosporine (5 mg/kg per day) was started. At the sixth month of therapy she was still in need of transfusion. Eltrombopag was prescribed at a dose of 50 mg and the dose was increased up to 150 mg per day in 2 months. Successful response was noted within 2 weeks of 150 mg dosage and this response was sustained at the 4th month following  discontinuation of drug.
Conclusions: Eltrombopag provides good and permanent clinical response in refractory severe aplastic anemia.
Investigation of GREMLIN 1, COL15A1 immunoreactivity and the relationship between microvessel density and GREMLIN 1 in papillary renal cell carcinoma and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Kara Sevgul , Karakok Metin
Published: February 2025

Objective: The current study aimed to investigate expressions of Gremlin 1 (GREM1) (a bone morphogenetic protein antagonist and a proangiogenic factor) and COL15A1 (Collagen type XV alpha-1, encodes the proteoglycans located in various human tissues and particularly in the basement membrane) immunohistochemically in papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (CRCC) in order to assess the relationship between these markers and said tumors and also explore associations of GREM1 with angiogenesis, tumor necrosis and tumor diameter by looking at the microvascular density (MVD) through the expression of COL15A1 in vascular endothelium.
Material and Method: GREM1 and COL15A1 expressions were investigated in 20 PRCC and 39 CRCC patients. Cytoplasmic staining with GREM1 and COL15A1 was examined. Microvascular structures stained with COL15A1 were examined in order to evaluate angiogenic profile.
Results: In CRCC, GREM1 staining was statistically significant in tumor tissues compared to intact tissues (p=0.006). The relationship between MVD and GREM1 staining was statistically significant in PRCC (p=0.007). Cytoplasmic staining with COL15A1 observed in PRCC was statistically significant (p=0.005).
Conclusion: Positive GREM1 staining observed in both tumor groups and much higher expression of this marker particularly in the tubular epithelium of the neighboring normal tissue supports our argument that this gene might be a tumor suppressor gene.
Aqueous garlic extract protects against sepsis induced toxicity in pulmonary and ileal tissues
Authors: Ozkan Sevil , Akbay Tugba Tunalı , Sakarcan Selin , Gunay Emre , Sener Goksel
Published: February 2025

Objective: Based on the potent antioxidant effects of aqueous garlic extract (AGE), the present study was designed to characterize the potential of AGE to modify blood coagulation parameters as well as and pulmonary and ileal injury in septic rats. Sepsis was induced using the caecal ligation and perforation (CLP) method.
Methods: Twenty-four hours after sepsisinduction, rats were decapitated and trunk blood was collected for the measurement of platelet counts, fibrinogen, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time and D-dimer levels. Then, pulmonary and ileal tissue samples were immediately obtained and stored at – 70oC for malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity assays.
Results: Sepsis was associated with a decrease in platelet count and fibrinogen and an increase in APTT and INR. It also caused a significant decrease in GSH levels and SOD activity in both pulmonary and ileal tissue samples. On the other hand, AGE treatment in rats with CLP caused significantly augmented the level of these antioxidants. As a result of CLP induction increased MPO activity and MDA levels and decreased thromboplastic activity were reversed with AGE treatment.
Conclusion: AGE treatment, through its antioxidant effects, protects against oxidative pulmonary and ileal injury and normalizes the impaired coagulation in sepsis.
Hepatitis a seropositivity and characteristics among healthcare workers in a training and research hospital in Istanbul
Authors: Sahin Ahmet Melih , Tekin Ayse , Basmaci Cem , Kes Nuray Uzun , Sonmez Emine
Published: February 2025

Objective: In this study, we investigated the relationship between the socioeconomic status, living conditions, life span, working life timeand the seropositivity of HEPATITIS A Virus (HAV) infection among our hospital staff members.
Material and Methods: Anti-HAV IgG  testing of randomly selected 167 healthcare workers were examined in 2012-2013. All participants answered on a questionnaire consisting questions on transmission routes and socioeconomic status.
Results: Overall HAV seropositivity was found to be %43.1 among healthcare workers with a mean age of 33.4for subjects with positive results and 27.4 years with negative results. Observed risk factors for seropositivity were the life span, professional working life time, life time in Istanbul, history of living in rural areas and frequent toilet usage outside of the house (p < 0.05).  The factors that are inversely associated with seropositivity were educational level of parents, being born in Aegean-Mediterranean region, bottled water share in drinking water consumption and being a physician (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: HAV infections  contniue to be a serious problem.Vaccination must be considered for seronegative healthcare workers and the public.
The Clinical Significance of the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Patients with Guillain-Barré Syndrome Independent of Infection
Authors: Geyik Sirma , Bozkurt Hakan , Neyal Munife , Yigiter Remzi , Kuzudisli Samiye , Kul Seval
Published: February 2025

Objective:  In the present study, we aimed to determine the predictive value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in the diagnosis of Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS). 
Material and Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 94 GBS patients and a control group of 101 healthy subjects.
Results: GBS patients had significantly higher NLR, C- Reactive Protein (CRP) and Erythrocyte  Sedimentation Rate (ESR) values at presentation than the healthy control group (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). Patients unresponsive to IVIg therapy had significantly higher NLR values at the time of admission in comparison to responsive patients (p=0.001). NLR was significantly and positively correlated with the disease severity, CRP and ESR. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis of the ability of NLR to predict GBS showed a cutoff value of 3.5 (sensitivity 62.8%, specificity 90.1%). The cutoff value was 11 for CRP (sensitivity 52.7%, specificity 86%) and 12.3 for ESR (sensitivity 51.3%, specificity 82%). Exclusion of patients with signs of infection at presentation gave a NLR value of 3.2, which had a sensitivity of 61.6% and a specificity of 89.8% for predicting GBS.
Conclusion:  Whereas ESR and CRP lost their significance in predicting GBS. Unlike ESR and CRP, NLR might be a promising marker in GBS regardless of infection.
Seasonal effects of the monoamine oxidase inhibitor deprenyl but not the tricyclic antidepressant imipramine in rats bred for helplessness
Authors: Schulz Daniela
Published: February 2025

Objective:  Seasonal variations in monoaminergic function may underlie seasonal affective disorder, a subtype of major depression.  Here, we examined whether antidepressant drugs which regulate monoaminergic function exhibit seasonal effects in an animal model of depression, congenital helplessness.
Material and Method:  Rats selectively bred for helplessness were required to press a lever to turn off a foot-shock before and after chronic treatment with the tricyclic antidepressant imipramine (10 mg/kg) or the monoamine oxidase inhibitor deprenyl (10 mg/kg).  Control rats received saline.  Different groups of rats were tested in summer-fall and spring over the course of two years.
Results: Congenitally helpless (cH) rats that were treated with imipramine pressed the lever more often than controls in fall and in spring, indicative of antidepressant effects regardless of season.  By contrast, cH rats treated with deprenyl pressed the lever more often in summer-fall than in spring, suggestive of seasonal drug effects on helplessness behavior.  Deprenyl significantly attenuated the lever-pressing deficit in both seasons when compared to saline controls.  Moreover, cH rats treated with deprenyl but not imipramine increased the number of lever presses over trials, indicative of negative reinforcement learning.
Conclusion: The present data are the first to show seasonal variations in antidepressant drug effects that are possibly linked to changes in dopamine neurotransmission.  The data support the view that we must take seasonality into account when evaluating the efficacy of antidepressant compounds.
Prediction by maternal risk factors and prenatal care of neonatal intensive care of neonatal intensive care admission in a University Hospital, Turkey, a case control study
Authors: Avci Sezer , Col Meltem , Yavuz Yasemin , Yilmaz Elif Akkas
Published: February 2025

Objective: Determine socioeconomic characteristics, prenatal care and maternal risk factors and to reveal the impact on newborn, in mothers who gave birth.
Materials and Methods: A case-control study comparing the mothers whose babies admitted and whose babies not admitted to neonatal intensive care unit of a University Hospital. 200 women as a case and 200 women as a control chosen among total 958 women. A survey form filled to determine socioeconomic and prenatal care features and the risk factors. The APNCU index is used for adequacy of prenatal care. Chi square test, Fisher’s exact test and multiple logistic regression analysis are used for statistical evaluation.
Results: As to prenatal care 94.3 % of the mothers received adequate amount and 95.2 % adequate content. The location of residence (OR:2.72), husband education (OR:1.97), spontaneous abortion in second trimester or preterm birth history (OR:4.27), multiple pregnancy (OR:5.25), bigger or smaller uterine size (OR:26.58), early uterine contraction (OR:2.21), and problems during delivery (OR:2.53) variables were related to be in neonatal intensive care unit.
Conclusion: Factors related to being in intensive care found in this study should be understood and interpreted in all of the steps of health services, and interventions should be executed when necessary.
A rare cause of acute abdomen: Spontaneous uterine rupture by percrete placenta
Authors: Sultanoglu Bulent , Demirbakan Kenan , Eygi Elif
Published: February 2025

The uterine rupture during pregnancy is one of the most serious complications, increase morbidity and maternal and fetal mortality. The uterine rupture by percreta placenta is very rare situation. In this article, the case of a 27 year-old, gravida 5, patient which entered by acute abdominal pain, predominant in the hypogastric region were presented. Physical examination showed increasing abdominal pain with hemodynamic compromise.
Secondary primary malignancy presence and related factors in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Ekinci Omer , Dogan Ali , Demircioglu Sinan , Turgut Ergin , Demir Cengiz
Published: February 2025

Objective: The secondary primary malignancy frequencies have seen increased in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) regardless of therapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of secondary primary malignancy in patients followed with the diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
Materials and Methods: The 183 patients with diagnosed of CLL were enrolled into this study. The data of the patients were evaluated retrospectively. Patients diagnosed with CLL were categorized according to age, gender and presence or absence of additional malignancy. Patients with CLL and concomitant malignancy were compared with other patients.
Results: Fifty four patients (29.5%) were female and 129 (70.5%) were male. Secondary primary malignancy was detected in 9 (%4,9) patients. CD5 positivity was found in all of the patients with malignancy and in 91% of whole patients. 5.4% of males and 3.7% of females had solid organ tumors with CLL. Although the proportion of solid tumors was higher in males, this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.847). The mean age of cases with secondary malignancy was statistically significantly higher than that without secondary malignancy (p <0.05).
Conclusion:  In our study, all of the patients with the second primary malignancy were CD5 positive. BCL2 proto-oncogene levels were found increased in CD5-positive CLL cells, not in normal B cells those were positive for CD5. In vitro studies showed that, B-CLL cells with higher BCL2 levels survive is longer than cells with lower BCL2 levels. Presence of the secondary malignancy except CLL may be related with BCL2 increment as well as CD5 positivity. We need more comprehensive studies to determine the relationship between the presence of BCL2, CD5 positivity and  secondary malignancies.
Effects of melatonin and agomelatine on doxorubicin induced anxiety and depression-like behaviors in rats
Authors: Aygun Hatice , Gul Serdar Savas
Published: February 2025

Objective:  Doxorubicin (DOX) is a chemotherapeutic agent used to treat several cancer types; however, it exhibits severe side effects in the nervous system which DOX treatment evoked neurobehavioral alterations such as anxiety and depressive-like behavior. We investigated the use of melatonin and agomelatine to prevent neurobehavioral alterations caused by DOX.
Material and Methods: Forty-nine Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into 7 groups, namely control (CON, n=7), doxorubicin (DOX, n=7), melatonin (MEL, n=7), agomelatine (AGO, n=7), melatonin + doxorubicin (MEL + DOX, n=7), agomelatine + doxorubicin (AGO + DOX, n=7) melatonin + agomelatine + doxorubicin (MEL + AGO + DOX, n=7) groups. Doxorubicin (18 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally (i.p) on the 5th, 6th, 7th day of the study. Animals were treated with melatonin (40 mg/kg/i.p), agomelatine (40 mg/kg/i.p), melatonin (40 mg/kg/i.p) + agomelatine (40 mg/kg/i.p), for 7 days and then doxorubicin (18 mg/kg/i.p) was injected on the 5th, 6th, 7th day. On the 8th day of the experiment, all animal evaluated open field test (OFT) and forced swim test (FST) respectively.
Results: The only DOX-treated rats exhibited the reduced exploration, grooming, and locomotor activity in the open field test and increased immobility time, reduced swimming time. Our data showed that the rats treated with DOX exhibited anxiety and depressive-like behavior. Melatonin and agomelatine treatment reduced all the parameters of DOX-induced anxiety and depressive-like behavior in rats.
Conclusions: Melatonin and agomelatine have a protective effect of against DOX-induced neurobehavioral alterations in rats.
Impact of lack of rehabilitation follow-up care on the functional level and autonomy of vascular hemiplegic patients at Kinshasa University clinics on homecoming
Authors: Kam Eric , Bofosa Teddy , Lepira François , Malemba Agabus , Nkongo Huguette , Nkiama Constant , Miangindula Betty , Kayembe Tharcisse
Published: February 2025

Objective: To evaluate the clinical and functional profile of vascular hemiplegia patients when deciding on their return home after hospitalization and evaluate its impact on their caregivers.
Material and Methods: This prospective descriptive study involved 60 patients. It was devoted to the evaluation, on the one hand of the functional level and the autonomy of the patients at the entrance and the decision of the return home, and on the other hand of the social charge felt by the caregivers of these patients.
Results: Out of 60 patients (66.7% of men and 33.3% of women, mean age of 62.93 ± 11.3 years), 93% of patients had a score of autonomy less than 60 at home , with no significant difference between the baseline score and the return to home score (p = 0.22), for an average length of stay of 25 ± 12 days. On the other hand, of 60 caregivers, between 72% and 73% of caregivers had a significant homework load, and this load was significant as function and independence levels were low (p = 0.001). Also, a significant increase in workload was observed at home compared to the hospital (p = 0.000).
Conclusion: We have emphasized the importance of an acceptable level of autonomy and multidisciplinary cooperation to allow patients to return to their homes in order to ensure a good home care and reduce the heavy burden of caregivers who have also need a better quality of life.
Smart Guard: IoT based Driver Health Monitoring and Safety System
Authors: K R Krupa Prasad , M S Aunsha , N M Chandan Kumar , P Madan Kumar , S Swarna
Published: February 2025

The research presents the design and implementation of an embedded system for monitoring and enhancing driver safety using a combination of health and environmental sensors, along with location and communication modules. The system integrates a heartbeat sensor, sweat sensor, ultrasonic sensor, GPS, and GSM module to provide real-time monitoring and alerts. The heartbeat sensor and sweat sensor track the driver’s physiological conditions, detecting signs of stress or health issues. The ultrasonic sensor monitors the vehicle’s surroundings to prevent collisions. The GPS module tracks the vehicle’s location, and the GSM module enables communication with a central server and the emergency contacts. This system aims to improve driver safety by providing real-time health monitoring, environmental awareness, and emergency response capabilities, representing a significant advancement in the integration of embedded systems and IoT technologies in automotive safety applications.
O uso do cannabidiol no tratamento da epilepsia
Authors: SILVA MORAIS JOENA GABRIELA , CARVALHO ARAÚJO DA SILVA TÂMIA RAYARA , NASCIMENTO DA SILVA POLLYANNA , PEREIRA PINHEIRO DANILO , LOBATO BRITO ESTHER , MOURA DE SOUSA EMILLY LUISE , SILVA DOS SANTOS BLENDA , PEREIRA ANTERO EMANUELY , REIS CARNEIRO LUANA , DA SILVA SOUZA JOSÉ RICARDO PATRÍCIO
Published: February 2025

O presente artigo tem por objetivo realizar um levantamento da literatura e analisar a importância e eficácia do uso terapêutico do Cannabidiol (CBD) no tratamento da epilepsia, bem como explorar seus benefícios. Trata-se de uma pesquisa tipo revisão integrativa, para as buscas foram utilizados os indexadores Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Banco de Dados Latino – Americano e do Caribe de Informação em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), National Library of Medicine (PUBMED) e o Sistema Online de Busca e Análise de Literatura Médica (MedLine) através dos termos contidos no vocabulário estruturado dos Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS). As epilepsias graves se caracterizam por convulsões frequentes que na grande maioria dos casos o tratamento convencional não surte efeito desejado, ocasionando um grande impacto na qualidade de vida dos que vivem com essa condição. Dessa forma, estudos mostram que uma alternativa eficaz seria o tratamento a base de CBD, que atua reduzindo significativamente a frequência das crises epileticas, principalmente as epilepsias resistentes ao tratamento convencional, Síndrome de Lennox-Gastaut, Síndrome de Dravet, Síndrome de Doose, Epilepsia Idiopática e Encefalopatias Epilépticas Refratárias do Desenvolvimento entre crianças, adolescentes e adultos. Conclui-se que apesar do uso de cannabis, especialmente o canabidiol (CBD), ter se mostrado eficaz e seguro no tratamento da epilepsia, atuando na redução da frequência de crises epilépticas, ainda existem limitações no conhecimento atual e questões regulatórias que restringem seu uso especifico e ampliado.
Palavras-chave: Cannabidiol; Epilepsia e Epilepsia Resistente a Medimento.