bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Annotating GBIF: some thoughts
Authors: Page Roderic
Published: September 2023

Given that it's the start of a new year, and I have a short window before teaching kicks off in earnest (and I have to revise my phyloinformatics course) I'm playing with a few GBIF-related ideas. One topic which comes up a lot is annotating and correcting errors. There has been some work in this area [1][2] bit it strikes me as somewhat complicated. I'm wondering whether we couldn't try and keep things simple.
The conformation of acetaldehyde: a simple molecule, a complex explanation?
Authors: Rzepa Henry
Published: September 2023

Consider acetaldehyde (ethanal for progressive nomenclaturists). What conformation does it adopt, and why? This question was posed of me by a student at the end of a recent lecture of mine. Surely, an easy answer to give? Read on … There really are only two possibilities, the

syn

and

anti

. Well, I have discovered it is useful to start with a search of the Cambridge data base.
Augmenting ZooKeys bibliographic data to flesh out the citation graph
Authors: Page Roderic
Published: September 2023

In a previous post (Learning from eLife: GitHub as an article repository) I discussed the advantages of an Open Access journal putting its article XML in a version-controlled repository like GitHub. In response to that post Pensoft (the publisher of  ZooKeys  ) did exactly that, and the XML is available at https://github.com/pensoft/ZooKeys-xml.OK, "now what?" I hear you ask.
The Rate-Determining Span
Authors: Wagen Corin
Published: September 2023

One common misconception in mechanistic organic chemistry is that reactions are accelerated by speeding up the rate-determining step. This mistaken belief can lead to an almost monomaniacal focus on determining the nature of the rate-determining step.
Wikis versus Scratchpads
Authors: Page Roderic
Published: September 2023

Yes, I know this is ultimately a case of the "genius of and", but the more I play with the Semantic Mediawiki extension the more I think this is going to be the most productive way forward. I've had numerous conversations with Vince Smith about this. Vince and colleagues at the NHM have been doing a lot of work on "Scratchpads" -- Drupal based webs sites that tend to be taxon-focussed.
Barcode Index Number (BIN) System in DNA barcoding explained
Authors: Page Roderic
Published: September 2023

Quick note to highlight the following publication: This paper outlines the methods used by the BOLD project to cluster sequences into "BINS", and touches on the issue of dark taxa (taxa that are in GenBank but which lack formal scientific names). Might be time to revisit the dark taxa idea, especially now that I've got a better handle on the taxonomic literature (see BioNames) where the names of at least some dark taxa may lurk.
Why BHL needs automation and/or crowd sourcing
Authors: Page Roderic
Published: September 2023

Jim Croft drew my attention to a cool crowd-sourcing project to convert scans of Australia's newspapers to text. The site has a nice chart showing the projects' coverage of the Australian newspapers, which motivated me to show something similar for BioStor.
Biodiversity Heritage Library viewer experiments
Authors: Page Roderic
Published: September 2023

In between the chaos that is term-time I've been playing with ways to view Biodiversity Heritage Library content. The viewer is crude, and likely to go off-line at any moment while I fuss with it, the you can view an example here.
Citations as First-Class Data Entities: The Open Citation Identifier Resolution Service
Authors: Shotton David M.
Published: September 2023

Requirements for citations to be treated as first-class data entities In my introductory blog post, I listed five requirements for the treatment of citations as first-class data entities. The fifth and final of these requirements is that there must be a Web-based identifier resolution service that takes the citation identifier as input and returns a description of the citation.
BHL Tech Report
Authors: Page Roderic
Published: September 2023

Chris Freeland tweeted about the presentation he gave to a recent BHL meeting, the slides for which are reproduced below:  BHL Tech Report  View more presentations from chrisfreeland.It makes interesting viewing. From my own (highly biased) perspective slide 10 is especially interesting, in that BioStor, my tool for locating articles in BHL is the 8th largest source of traffic for BHL - 2.46% of visitors to BHL come via BioStor.
Google, Wikipedia, and EOL
Authors: Page Roderic
Published: September 2023

One assumption I've been making so far is that when people search for information on an organism using its scientific name, Wikipedia will dominate the search results (see my earlier post for an example of this assumption). I've decided to quantify this by doing a little experiment. I grabbed the Mammal Species of the World taxonomy and extracted the 5416 species names. I then used Google's AJAX search API to look up each name in Google.
Geotagging stats for BioStor
Authors: Page Roderic
Published: September 2023

Note to self for upcoming discussion with JournalMap.As of Monday August 25th, BioStor has 106,617 articles comprising 1,484,050 BHL pages. From the full text for these articles, I have extracted 45,452 distinct localities (i.e., geotagged with latitude and longitude). 15,860 BHL pages in BioStor pages have at least one geotag, these pages belong to 5,675 BioStor articles.In summary, BioStor has 5,675 full-text articles that are geotagged.
One more WATOC 2017 Report.
Authors: Rzepa Henry
Published: September 2023

Conferences can be intense, and this one is no exception. After five days, saturation is in danger of setting in. But before it does, I include two more (very) brief things I have learnt. Sason Shaik introduced a theme he first investigated years ago, but for which no experiment had been devised for verification. He revived his theme when a journalist contacted him last year to report exactly such an observation, which I now recount.
Pygmybrowse GBIF classification
Authors: Page Roderic
Published: September 2023

Here is a live demo of Pygmybrowse using the Catalogue of Life classification of animals provided by GBIF.
What is a study about? Treemaps of taxa
Authors: Page Roderic
Published: September 2023

One of the things I've struggled with most in putting together a web site for the challenge is how to summarise that taxonomic content of a study. Initially I was playing with showing a subtree of the NCBI taxonomy, highlighting the taxa in the study. But this assumes the user is familiar with the scientific names of most of life. I really wanted something that tells you "at a glance" what the study is about.
Wiki demo
Authors: Page Roderic
Published: September 2023

Reading a recent TAXACOM thread (Species Pages - purpose) my sense is that some people are arguing that "species pages" would be time consuming to create, aren't much good for taxonomists (to quote Mike Dallwitz "In brief, to make simplified and attractive information about taxa easily available to casual users?"), and nobody gets credit for making them.
Connotea tags
Authors: Page Roderic
Published: September 2023

For fun I quickly programmed a little tool for bioGUID that makes use of Connotea's web api. When an article is displayed, the page loads a Javascript script that makes a call to a simple web service that looks up a reference in Connotea and displays a tag cloud if the reference is found.
Failure
Authors: Page Roderic
Published: September 2023

I learnt today that my Elsevier Challenge entry didn't make the final cut. This wasn't unexpected. In the interests of "open science" (blame Paulo Nuin) here is the feedback I received from the judges:I think this is a pretty fair evaluation of my entry. I was making a case for what could be done, rather than providing a specific bit of kit that could make this happen right now.
Using @IFTTT to create a Twitter stream for @EvolDir
Authors: Page Roderic
Published: September 2023

Since 2009 I've been running a service that takes posts to the EvolDir mailing list and sends them to a Twitter stream at @EvolDir. This service was running on a local machine which has died. Rather than wait until I rebuild that server (again), I looked around for other ways to recreate this service.
Something's missing from taxonomic name vocabularies
Authors: Page Roderic
Published: September 2023

In the wiki examples I've been developing I've been trying to model names using the TDWG LSID vocabularies, particularly TaxonName. Roger Hyam has obviously put a huge amount of work into developing these, and they handle just about everything I need.
Finding citations using full text search
Authors: Page Roderic
Published: September 2023

Note to self on citation matching. Looking for this paper "Fishes of the Marshall and Marianas islands. Vol. I. Families from Asymmetrontidae through Siganidae" I Googled it, adding "bistro" as a search term to see if I'd already added it to BioStor.
Google Books and Mediawiki
Authors: Page Roderic
Published: September 2023

Following on from the previous post, I wrote a simpe Mediawiki extension to insert a Google Book into a wiki page. Written in a few minutes, not tested much, etc.To use this, copy the code below and save in a file  googlebook.php  in the  extensions  directory of your Mediawiki installation.
London Calling
Authors: Page Roderic
Published: September 2023

Busy day yesterday, giving two talks, one at The Natural History Museum, one at the British Library. Slides for the NHM talk are below.
EOL hyperbole
Authors: Page Roderic
Published: September 2023

The latest post on the EOL blog (Biodiversity in a rapidly changing world) really, really annoys me. It claims thatNope, I suggest it demonstrates just how limited EOL is. If I view the page for the red lionfish I get an out of date map from GBIF that shows a very limited distribution, and doesn't show the introductions in Florida and the Bahamas (I have to wade through text to find reference to the Florida introduction, and the page doesn't
"Lost Branches on the Tree of Life" - why must the answer be enforcing behaviour?
Authors: Page Roderic
Published: September 2023

Bryan Drew and colleagues have published a piece in PLoS Biology bemoaning the lack of databased phylogenies: This is an old problem (see for example "Towards a Taxonomically Intelligent Phylogenetic Database" doi:10.1038/npre.2007.1028.1), but alas the solution proposed by Drew et al. is also old:In my opinion, as soon as you start demanding people do something you've lost the argument, and you're relying on power ("you don't get to publish
Patenting biodiversity tools
Authors: Page Roderic
Published: September 2023

The e-Biosphere online forum has a topic entitled Why open source code?
Two changes in French negation
Authors: Grieve-Smith Angus
Published: September 2023

I realized today that I hadn’t yet blogged about my dissertation, the Spread of Change in French Negation. That’s too bad, because I like my dissertation topic. It’s fun, and it’s interesting. You may see here, from time to time, posts about my dissertation research. I’ll try to make them accessible to anyone, not just the specialized audience that I wrote the dissertation for.
Smart Village – A Digital Transformation of Modern Village Using ESP32 Microcontroller
Authors: C. Anna Palagan , B. M. Praveen
Published: September 2023

Now a day by the initiative taken by the Government of India in the scheme of “Smart India”, all villages will soon transfer to Smart Villages. This will be achieved by the Information Technology Platforms. For converting the Villages to Smart Villages, the Internet of Things (IoT) plays a major Role in India. By using IoT everything in the village is connected to the Internet and it is controlled by the users anywhere by remotely. In our project we have taken the problems in Smart Garbage System and Smart Water Level Controller to distribute water from the common tank to all users. In Garbage System the wet and dry waste is identified separately and it regularly monitored whether the tank is full, then information given to municipality to clean that concern Garbage. In water level controller the utilization of water from common tank is controlled and managed by using the mobile application. Keep tracking of water level in the tank by float sensor and based on the water level it will be distributed to the users. The domestic public users also controlled by the user defined commands which is intercepted with the home of particular user.
Fine Time Measurement for the Internet of Things: A Practical Approach Using ESP32
Authors: K. Gandhimathi , R. Jayapratha
Published: September 2023

In the world of Internet of Things (IoT), obtaining the physical location of devices has always been a task of great interest for developing increasingly complex location-based services (LBS). That is why in recent years wireless communication standards have been incorporating new additions focused on providing localization mechanisms to technologies widely used in the IoT world, such as Wi-Fi or Bluetooth. In particular, the IEEE 802.11-2016 Wi-Fi standard introduced ranging estimation between two devices through the so-called fine time measurement (FTM) protocol, defined by the IEEE 802.11mc. FTM is not yet widespread in the IoT field, but commercial modules capable of offering this functionality at a reasonable price are starting to appear. In early 2021, the most widespread system on a chip (SOC) family among IoT devices, the ESP32-XX series, added support for this Wi-Fi standard, enabling, for the first time, the use of a standard designed for location-based systems. This article analyzes the performance of this FTM implementation by carrying out and studying several measurement campaigns in different indoor and outdoor scenarios. Additionally, this work proposes an alternative real-time implementation for distance estimation inside the ESP32 using an approach based on machine learning. Such an implementation is successfully validated in a scenario totally different than those considered for the training and test sets. Finally, both the measurement sets and the developed software are available to the scientific community.
Fundamental Mechanisms of Concrete Bleeding in Bored Piles
Authors: K. L Saji Lekshman
Published: September 2023

Concrete bleeding in bored pile scan cause substantial defects such as channelling or air pockets in pile shaft of diaphragm walls. The repair of such damage can be costly and time consuming. The mechanism of concrete bleeding in bored piles and diaphragm walls is well known among construction professionals, but there a sons how concrete bleeding occurs remain insufficiently understood to date. This paper introduces a potential model to explain the fundamental mechanism of concrete bleeding or channelling in deep foundations (e.g. concrete bored piles or diaphragm walls). The model is based on a well-established theory from the disciplines of soil mechanics and geotechnical engineering. The transfer of knowledge from the discipline of geotechnical engineering to another (concrete technology) assumes that fresh concrete is a three-phase system consisting of aggregate (gravel and sand), fluid (cement paste and excess design water) and air. The application of external pressure on to fresh concrete inside a deep foundation due to self-weight of the fresh concrete column causes the redistribution of pore-water pressure, resulting in a reduction of void space inside the aggregate matrix. This change in aggregate density is likely to cause concrete bleeding if potential drainage paths exist inside the fresh concrete matrix. Such drainage paths will provide ‘escape routes’ to release the excess pore-water pressure (water or cement paste) to the surface of the pile by forming bleeding channels or voids inside the hardened concrete. The existence of potential drainage paths, the lack of fines in the fresh concrete matrix in combination within sufficient aggregate grading and the addition of too much design water (above the optimal water content for a given aggregate combination) have been identified as key factors contributing to concrete bleeding and channelling in deep foundations (e.g. bored piles and diaphragm walls).
Experimental Study on Concrete Structural Elements Using Calcined Clay and Basalt aggregate
Authors: J. Arulbright
Published: September 2023

The term ‘Sustainable’ environmentally means “green”. The deteriorating environment is driving the worldwide focus on sustainable development. It is to be noted that the largest impact on nature and environment is by the construction industry. Previously, the concern on environment formed a small part of construction development. We know that cement is the main constituent of concrete. Production of large quantity of cement results in increasing CO2 emissions and the consequence being Greenhouse Effect. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the feasibility of using basalt aggregates in concrete mixes. Concrete is the most important engineering material and the addition or replacement of some of the materials may change the properties of the concrete. In recent years a lot of research been carried out in order to obtain more durable and long term performance of concrete structures in the dynamic environment. An experimental program is set up to test the effect of basalt aggregate content and its combinations with calcined clay with variation of percentages in concrete mixes. Different aggregate percentage combinations were used in this study for basalt and calcined clay respectively. The laboratory investigation included measurement of compressive strength, tensile strength and flexural strength. In addition the source aggregate properties were considered in this study: specific gravity and absorption for coarse aggregates and fine aggregate. The result of this investigation indicates a general improvement in mix properties with the introduction of basalt aggregates in the mix.
A Study on Effectiveness of Performance Appraisal System With Reference To Santhigiri Ashram, Trivandrum
Authors: S Sauravjith , A Robert Raja Singh
Published: September 2023

The project work entitled “A study on the effectiveness of performance appraisal system “is mainly conducted to analysis the present performance appraisal system of the organization. The selected organization is Santhigiri Ashram Pothencode, Thiruvananthapuram. This study is a descriptive on based on questionnaire method. The sample procedure used in this study is convenience sampling. The sample unit consists of employees who worked in Santhigiri Ashram Thiruvananthapuram. The tool used in this study was percentage analysis method. Performance Appraisal can also be defined “The process of evaluating the performance and qualification of the employees in the terms of the requirement of the job fo which he is employed, for the purpose of administration including placement selection for promotions, providing financial rewards and other actions which required differential treatment amount the members of a group as distinguished from actions affecting all members equally “Performance appraisal has been consider as the most significant and indispensable tool for an organization, for the information it provides is highly useful in making decisions regarding various personnel aspects such as promotion and merit increase Performance measures also link information gathering and decision making processes which provide a basic for judging the effectiveness of personnel sub-divisions such as recruiting selection, training and compensation. Accurate information place a vital role in the organization as a whole. They help in finding out the weaknesses in the primary areas.
Intelligent Vehicle Alert System for Drowsy Drivers Using Vision Transformers
Authors: J. S Gourikrishna , S. S Greeshma , S Devika Suresh , S. S Sruthy
Published: September 2023

Road accidents can happen due to various causes but drowsiness, rash driving, drinking, and driving are among the most important factors. Driver drowsiness is a serious threat to road safety. Drowsiness affects the drivers’ sensory, cognitive, and psychomotor abilities, which are necessary for safe driving. Most driver monitoring systems already embedded in vehicles to detect drowsiness use vehicle-based features (i.e., measures) computed by outward-facing cameras for lane tracking or steering wheel angle sensors to analyse lane keeping and steering control behaviour. Though various drowsiness detection systems have been developed during last decade based on many factors, still the systems were demanding an improvement in terms of efficiency, accuracy, cost, speed, and availability, etc. Drowsiness is a term in which a driver feels sleepy while driving and this can detect it by blinking of eyes and yawning. In this project, proposed an integrated approach depends on the eye and mouth closure status (PERCLOS)) face features of the driver. The Face Detector is used to locate the face of a driver in an image and returns as a bounding box or rectangle box values. The Facial Landmark Shape Predictors uses two algorithms namely fixed thresholding and dynamic frame thresholding to extract the facial features that help in calculating essential parameters, i.e., Eye Aspect Ratio (EAR) and Mouth Opening Ratio (MOR). The two methods use both MOR and EAR parameters to decide the driver’s drowsiness level. Then it Alert or warn the driver by playing sounds or voice message. This helps to find the status of the closed eyes or opened mouth like yawning, and any frame finds that has hand gestures like nodding or covering opened mouth with hand as innate nature of humans when trying to control the sleepiness. This system uses computer vision technology which uses cameras to predict the driver’s fatigue and alert the driver to take a rest.
Instagram Fake and Automated Account Detection: A Review
Authors: S. B Abilash , R Sujitha
Published: September 2023

Fake engagement is one of the significant problems in Online Social Networks (OSNs) which is used to increase the popularity of an account in an inorganic manner. The detection of fake engagement is crucial because it leads to loss of money for businesses, wrong audience targeting in advertising, wrong product predictions systems, and unhealthy social network environment. This study is related with the detection of fake and automated accounts which leads to fake engagement on Instagram. Prior to this work, there were no publicly available dataset for fake and automated accounts. For this purpose, two datasets have been published for the detection of fake and automated accounts. For the detection of these accounts, machine learning algorithms like Naive Bayes, Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machines and Neural Networks are applied. Additionally, for the detection of automated accounts, cost sensitive genetic algorithm is proposed to handle the unnatural bias in the dataset. To deal with the unevenness problem in the fake dataset, Smote-nc algorithm is implemented. In this paper investigating various methods used in the existing work for the Instagram fake account detection.
An Automatic Detection of Breast Cancer Based On Deep Learning Using Long Short-Term Memory Classifier
Authors: G Siva Ganaga Selvi , M. E Vino Rooban Singh
Published: September 2023

This project proposes an automatic detection of breast cancer diagnosis and prognosis based on deep learning using Long Short-term Memory classifier. To reduce the noises in the image, the Adaptive filter is employed at the pre-processing stage. The pre-processed image is segmented by Fuzzy C-means (FCM) segmentation algorithm for active partition of image. The segmented features are extracted by Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix Method, in which all the essential features are extracted for enhanced classification. An effective classifier, LSTM Classifier is used and final results are predicted. By using LSTM Classifier, the obtained results were accurate. This project is implemented with MATLAB simulation software and the output reveals the classification accuracy.
Improving Labour Productivity in Construction Industries
Authors: S. S Silpa
Published: September 2023

Construction productivity has become such a buzz word and one of the most frequently researched topics. In most countries, labour cost comprises 30 to 50% of the overall project’s cost, and thus is regarded as a true reflection of the economic success of the operation. There are many challenges facing the construction industry but one of the most important is low productivity. There are many challenges facing the construction industry in Kerala, but one of the most important, the writers debate, is low productivity. Despite all the technological advancements, abundance of construction materials, tools, and financial means available to local contractors, construction costs are constantly on the rise, completion durations of projects are substantially increasing, and most projects are significantly overrunning their budgets. The objective of this research, therefore, is to identify and rank the factors that affect the labour productivity on construction sites. To achieve this objective, a statistically representative sample of contractors was invited to participate in a structured questionnaire survey, comprising 30 productivity factors, classified under the following five primary groups: (1) manpower; (2) external; (3) communication; (4) resources and (5) miscellaneous. The main aim and objective of this study focuses on views from the construction industry about various factors affecting labour productivity, analyses factors affecting the labour productivity impact, and suggests appropriate measures that can be taken to improve labour productivity.
Detection of Grape Leaf Diseases Using a Traditional Neural Network
Authors: J Catherine Bimla , S. N Sindhuja , .I Christina Jane
Published: September 2023

Having diseases is quite natural in crops due to changing climatic and environmental conditions. Diseases affect the growth and produce of the crops and often difficult to control. To ensure good quality and high production, it is necessary to have accurate disease diagnosis and control actions to prevent them in time. Grape which is widely grown crop in India and it may be affected by different types of diseases on leaf, stem and fruit. Leaf diseases which are the early symptoms caused due to fungi, bacteria and virus. So, there is a need to have an automatic system that can be used to detect the type of diseases and to take appropriate actions. This project proposes an automatic system for detecting the disease in the grape leaf using convolutional neural network. The CNN classified image is fed to the image processing operation. In image processing operation block Gaussian filter is used. The fuzzy inference system segments the processed image using Fuzzy c-means segmentation. A healthy leaf percentage are discovered using the fuzzy inference approach. This project is implemented with MATLAB simulation software and the output reveals the healthy percentage.
Factors Affecting Human Resource Management of Major Construction Firms in Trivandrum
Authors: C. A Annie , T. R Sethuraman
Published: September 2023

The construction industry is one of the largest and most important industries worldwide, employing millions of people and contributing significantly to the economy. However, managing human resources in major construction firms can be challenging due to a variety of factors. This research aims to identify and analyze the factors affecting human resource management in major construction firms. The study will use a mixed-methods approach, including a survey of human resource managers in major construction firms and interviews with key stakeholders, including executives, supervisors, and employees. The survey will be distributed online, and the interviews will be conducted in person or over the phone. The study will examine several factors that affect human resource management, including labor shortages, diversity and inclusion, employee retention, training and development, compensation and benefits, and organizational culture. All factors affecting HRM have been ranked using RII Method, IMP.I. Method and RIR Method using the response acquired from stakeholders. The findings of this research will provide valuable insights into the challenges faced by major construction firms in managing their human resources effectively. The results of this study will be useful for human resource managers in construction firms to develop effective strategies for managing their workforce. This research will also be of interest to academics, policymakers, and other stakeholders in the construction industry who are concerned about the sustainability and competitiveness of the industry.
Experimental Analysis of Concrete Beams Reinforced With Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite Rebars by ANSYS
Authors: P. S Binsha , M Vinu
Published: September 2023

The use of Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer Rebar (BFRP) in place of steel rods in concrete structures plays a significant role due to non-corrosive nature. These materials have higher strength than steel but exhibit linear stress-strain response up to failure. Furthermore, the modulus of elasticity of Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer is significantly lower than that of steel. The present study focuses on gaining an insight into behavior of the concrete beams reinforced with Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer bars subjected to two point loading system by varying the grade of the concrete and diameter of the bar. Experiment will be undertaken until failure to fully understand the influence of parameters on the flexural behavior of concrete beams reinforced with Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer rebars and the experimental observation includes failure mode, crack pattern, ultimate failure load, load deflection behaviour and ductility. The comparisons between the flexural capacity of Basalt Fiber Reinforced beam sand steel beams from theoretical and experimental analysis are done. The structural behavior of Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer beam is validated by developing finite element models using ANSYS Software.
Vision Companion AI Mate
Authors: G. Marly , S Aju , Amu Daria S.
Published: September 2023

This project acts as an important role in saving life of human beings and which is also its main aim. In order to complete day-to-day activities effectively and efficiently, Technology plays vital role in human life. Especially, Assistive Technology devices support to differently abled people, in order to live their life very comfortably. Realizing the importance of Assistive Technology, this product idea gives comprehensive solution for the blind people and provide them an end to end solution. With the power of embedded systems and advanced Artificial Intelligence techniques applied to the field of computer vision we aim to make a Hat/cap that can help the blind perceive the world around them. VISION COMPANION AI MATE the power of AI to describe people, text and objects. It can tell visually impaired persons, what is around them. The project titled “VISION COMPANION AI MATE “is an android application. This application provides a facility for OCR (Optical Character Recognition- It is also recognized as a text, then it will be converted to a voice message), Object Detection (To detect objects using Tensor Flow Lite for Android), Currency Detection (To detect the currency then it converted to voice) and Color detection (To pick the dominant colour of uploaded image or captured image) .Which are easily accessible to everyone and it is the power of AI to describe people, text and objects
Finger Vein Detection Using Deep Learning Method: A Review
Authors: M Balamurugan , S. T Sukanya
Published: September 2023

Nowadays, high security is the most essential requirement for spoofing attacks. There is more demand for more security and more precision and more speed of authentication for buying electronics. There is a large scope solution for security issues is human observable and physiology characteristic in bioscrypt. In any case, in phrases of both time and space the biometric systems are highly complex, for high security this is not that much appropriate. Consequently, for high authentication, in this paper investigating various methods used in the existing work for the finger vein recognition system.
Denoising of Diabetic Retinopathy Images Using Adaptive Median Filter
Authors: S. B Anuja , F Ramesh Dhanaseelan
Published: September 2023

One of the fundamental challenges in the field of Image Processing and Computer Vision is Image Denoising. The goal is to estimate the original image by removing or suppressing noise from a noise-contaminated version of the image. Noise can be introduced into an image during acquisition, processing, or transmission which can reduce the image quality and make it difficult to interpret. Diagnosing retinal diseases of the eye requires analyzing tiny retinal vessels. The digital color present in the images, and retinal vasculature is difficult to be analyzed. This paper discusses various denoising methods to improve the quality of the retinal fundus images before further processing. By selecting a suitable method for denoising, the image details are not lost as well as the contrast is maintained. Based on the performance of several techniques for denoising fundus images, it is found that the Adaptive Median Filter shows a greater performance compared with state of art methods.
IOT Incorporated With Smart Grid and Its Application in the Digital Transition
Authors: S. P Aravind , C. R. Rajesh , K Christal Saji , A. P Herlin Rose
Published: September 2023

The Internet of Things (IoT) and Smart Grid are crucial for fostering and directing the advancement of economic and information technologies. Right now, the application of IoT is evolving quickly, while some applications have unique needs that the current technology is unable to satisfactorily address. Fuzzy logic, knowledge-based systems, and neural networks are some of the AI approaches. They have improved the way that distributed energy resources based Smart Grid is controlled. Other facilities like data sensing, data storage, and secure, transparent, and traceable digital transactions between peers and their clusters have also been made possible by the IoT. In the last ten years, these promising technologies have undergone a rapid technical evolution, and the number of applications has grown significantly. As a result, this study covers the IoT with Smart Grid and its uses in digital transitions.
Smart Baby Cradle Monitoring System Using IoT
Authors: M Berin , S Shobhana
Published: September 2023

This project proposed a proposal for the development of an IoT-based smart baby cradle designed to assist parents in monitoring and caring for their infants, whether they are at home or work. The objective is to create a secure and innovative cradle system that ensures the well-being of newborns. The proposed framework incorporates advanced technologies such as Internet of Things (IoT), Raspberry Pi modules, gas sensors, sound sensors, temperature sensors, cry detection mechanisms, camera surveillance, and more. To capture every movement of the baby, various sensors are integrated into the cradle. A gas and temperature sensing module is employed to detect any wetness in the cradle. Additionally, a camera is installed on the top of the cradle to provide live video footage, while a sound sensor analyzes cry patterns. All the data collected by these sensors is stored in a database and monitored at regular intervals. By leveraging the collected data and images, parents can have peace of mind knowing that they can ensure the safety and well-being of their babies from anywhere in the world at any given time.
Efficient Privacy-Preserving Biometric Identification in Cloud Computing
Authors: R. S Bala Kumar , R Sujitha
Published: September 2023

Benefited from its reliability and convenience, biometric identification has become one of the most popular authentication technologies. Due to the sensitivity of biometric data, various privacy-preserving biometric identification protocols have been proposed. However, the low computational efficiency or the security vulnerabilities of these protocols limit their wide deployment in practice. To further improve the efficiency and enhance the security, in this project, propose two new privacy-preserving biometric identification outsourcing protocols. One mainly utilizes the efficient Householder transformation and permutation technique to realize the high-efficiency intention under the known candidate attack model. The other initializes a novel random split technique and combines it with the invertible linear transformation to achieve a higher security requirement under the known-plaintext attack model. Also, argue the security of our proposed two protocols with a strict theoretical analysis and, by comparing them with the prior existing works, comprehensively evaluate their efficiency.
Real Time Driver Drowsiness Detection with Alert Sound Using Image Processing
Authors: K. B Subisha , S. T Sukanya
Published: September 2023

Drowsy driving is one of the major causes of accident and death. Most of the conventional methods are either vehicle based, behavioral based or psychological based. Major studies have suggested that around 20% of all road accidents are fatigue related. Drowsy Driving can be extremely dangerous, a lot of road accidents are related to the driver falling asleep while driving and subsequently losing control of the vehicle. However, initial signs of fatigue and drowsiness can be detected before a critical situation arises. A direct way of measuring driver fatigue is measuring the state of the driver drowsiness. So it is very important to detect the drowsiness of the driver to save life and property. A low-cost, real-time Driver’s Drowsiness Detection System is developed with high accuracy. The Video and image are extracted using the webcam. In this work, Facial Landmarks are used to detect the eye closure yawn and head. Haar Cascade Algorithm is used in the proposed work to detect objects in images, irrespective of their scale in image and location. This helps to find the status of the closed eyes or opened mouth like yawning, and any frame finds that has hand gestures like nodding or covering opened mouth with hand as innate nature of humans when trying to control the sleepiness.
Endoscopic Ultrasound Image Recognition Using Improved You Only Look Once (Yolov4) Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: K. S Akhila , S. B Anuja
Published: September 2023

The recognition of medical images, especially endoscopic ultrasound images, has the characteristics of changing images and insignificant gray-scale changes, which requires repeated observation and comparison by medical staff. In view of the above- mentioned characteristics of ultrasound imaging, a system scheme suitable for image processing is proposed, which can analyse the biliary tract, gallbladder, abdominal lymph nodes, liver, descending duodenum, duodenal bulb, stomach, pancreas, pancreatic lymph nodes, there are a total of 10 ultrasonic organs, including 21 kinds of sub-categories and 3510 images. The images are pre-processed using binarization, histogram equalization, median filtering and edge enhancement algorithms. The improved YoloV4 convolutional neural network algorithm is used to train the data set and perform high accuracy is detected in real time. Finally, the average accuracy of this algorithm has reached 91.59%. The algorithm proposed in this Paper can make up for the shortcomings of manual detection in the original image detection system, improve the efficiency of detection, and at the same time as an auxiliary system can reduce detection misjudgments, and promote the development of automated and intelligent detection in the medical field.
Statistical Analysis of Jobsite Safety Assessment in Construction
Authors: T. N Nithin
Published: September 2023

Construction industry is one of the most hazardous industries. Accidents may occur during construction which results in serious injuries and death to employees and also may cause severe damage to equipment. Hence it is important to prevent or minimize accidents in the construction site. Safety during construction is very important for each employee. This project deals with job site safety analysis in construction site by identifying the causes for accidents and implementing solutions for preventing the accident in the construction industry. From the literatures it was studied that statistical analysis is better way to analyse the construction jobsite safety and important factors that are affecting the safety in construction is identified from the literatures. Questionnaire regarding the factors affecting safety in construction site is also prepared. Then primary data should be collected from the various construction companies and secondary data should be collected from their clients. Then the data’s are ranked by two different techniques, primary data was ranked by using Relative important index method and secondary data was ranked by the Garrett’s ranking technique. Then the companies which are following safe safety procedures should be found out using Statistical analysis. This data is analysed in Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software and the major factors which affect safety in construction should found out through comparison of primary and secondary data by paired sample t-test. With this approach, it is possible to evaluate the uncertainty regarding safety in construction.
A High-Speed, Area-Efficient Transfer Method Using a Reverse Carry Propagate Adder
Authors: V. S Muralikrishna , M. J oselin Kavitha
Published: September 2023

The most important component of any electronic device has historically been the arithmetic and logic unit. An efficient algorithmic function, such as addition and multiplication, which is required for an arithmetic as well as logic unit to be significant in the current improvement. For performing modular arithmetic in several cryptography and pseudorandom bit generator (PRBG) algorithms, the three-operand binary adder is the fundamental functional unit. In this paper, this study purposes a reverse carry propagate adder A carry input signal is more important than the carry output signal because, in the RCPA structure, the carry signal flows counter-clockwise from the most significant bit to the least significant bit. In the presence of delay changes, this carry propagation technique results in greater stability. Three implementations of the reverse carry propagate full-adder cell with different delay, power, energy, and accuracy levels are introduced by this study.As a result, it continues as one of the greatest options for creating huge arithmetic circuits with little increase in area and minimal power and energy usage.
Accelerating innovation: the transformative impact of 5G
Authors: M Laavanya , S Madhumitha , A Maheswari
Published: September 2023

This research paper aims to explore the impact of 5G technology on innovation in various industries. As the fifth generation mobile technology, 5G promises to deliver faster speeds, lower latency, greater connectivity and improved reliability. These resources have the potential to change the way businesses operate by providing new applications, services and business models. Through an in-depth analysis of research papers, expert opinions and industry publications, this article highlights the key elements that 5G expects to drive innovation, including healthcare, transportation, manufacturing, smart cities and entertainment. Additionally, the article examines the challenges and opportunities associated with the widespread adoption of 5G technology and provides insight into the steps needed to maximize its transformation potential.
A Review on Solar Dehydration System with Energy Storing Material
Authors: A. R. Vhanmane , C. V. Papade
Published: September 2023

Solar energy is one of the most important renewable energy which is freely available energy from the sun. As this energy is freely available there is growth for solar industries on global level. But the main challenge faced by the solar industries is the efficiency of the solar application. Solar Dehydration system or dryer is one the new emerging application in solar field. This system is used to remove moisture content from various agricultural products over conventional sun drying method. Use of axillary heating source is must to use solar dryer after the sunset. Therefore we can use phase change materials (PCM) to store the heat energy which can be used after sunset. For any solar application the overall performance or efficiency is approximately equal to 15-18%. Therefore to increase the efficiency by maximum utilization of the solar energy we can adopt the latest technologies like internet of things (IoT) software solution. To enhance the efficiency we can use the new technologies like internet of things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), etc. Smart sensors are used to monitor the different parameters like temperature, humidity, etc. which will help to get the data when the system is mounted at remote location and the data can be viewed at any location by the user.
An Investigation on the Factors That Influence the Performance of Construction Projects
Authors: S. Padmasree , T. N Niji
Published: September 2023

Construction industry is considered as one of the most important and second largest industries in India after agriculture. It is well known that most construction projects in India, especially in Tamil Nadu are exposed to time and cost overrun or both. Time cost schedule is a crucial task in construction project management. This phenomenon may affect the progress of construction industry in India as well as may expose many institutions of construction to be destroyed. For instance; it can materially help to identify the expected financial requirements. It is also an important tool for the time control process. Construction project time schedule is greatly affected by many uncertain but predictable factors. This research lists the main factors affecting time and cost overrun and discusses their influence on schedule performance. The main factors are analysis using Statistical Package for the Social Science. From the analysis planning and scheduling deficiencies, financial unavailability, quality of materials, rain / inclement weather effect, inaccurate time estimates, design changes by owner found to be most critical factors.
Experimental Investigation on Hempcrete
Authors: M. S Nithya
Published: September 2023

Concrete is an important construction material consisting of cement, sand and aggregate such as gravel or crushed rock, mixed with water. The most commonly used cement is Portland cement. The cement and water form a paste or gel which coast the sand and aggregate. When the cement has chemically reacted with the water, it hardens and binds the whole mix together; Fine and coarse aggregate make up the bulk of a concrete mixture. Manufactured sand is an alternative for river sand. Due to fast growing construction industry, the demand for sand has increased tremendously; causing deficiency of suitable river sand is most part of the word. Plain cement concrete is good at providing reasonable compressive strength but it tends to be brittle is nature and is weak in tensile strength and minimum resistance to cracking, poor toughness to overcome the concrete. In the present study of Hempfibre are used with conventional concrete. The combining of fibre s, often called hybridization. There is a growing awareness of the advantages of the advantages of fibre reinforcement techniques of construction all over the world. In the recent time there is a growing interest on the use of various type of fibre in structural applications. Experimental and analysis of results were conducted to study the compressive, tensile and flexural behavior of composite concrete with varying percentage of fibres added to it. The M20 grade of concrete is adopted with varying percentage of fibres ranging from 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, and 0.8% on different characteristic of fibre are used in all construction.