bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of extreme vertex design approach on the mechanical and morphological behaviour of residual soil composite
Authors: Attah Imoh Christopher , Alaneme George Uwadiegwu , Etim Roland Kufre , Afangideh Christopher Brownson , Okon Kufre Primus , Otu Obeten Nicholas
Published: May 2023

This research work reports the usability of binary additive materials known as tile waste dust (TWD) and calcined kaolin (CK) in ameliorating the mechanical response of weak soil. The extreme vertex design (EVD) was adopted for the mixture experimental design and modelling of the mechanical properties of the soil-TWD-CK blend. In the course of this study, a total of fifteen (15) design mixture ingredients’ ratios for water, TWD, CK and soil were formulated. The key mechanical parameters considered in the study showed a considerable rate of improvement to the peak of 42%, 755 kN/m2 and 59% for California bearing ratio, unconfined compressive strength and resistance to loss in strength respectively. The development of EVD-model was achieved with the aid of the experimental derived results and fractions of component combinations through fits statistical evaluation, analysis of variance, diagnostic test, influence statistics and numerical optimization using desirability function to analyze the datasets. In a step further, the non-destructive test explored to assess the microstructural arrangement of the studied soil-additive materials displayed a substantial disparity compared to the corresponding original soil material and this is an indicator of soil improvement. From the geotechnical engineering perspective, this study elucidates the usability of waste residues as environmental friendly and sustainable materials in the field of soil re-engineering.
Long-term imaging of intranuclear Mg2+ dynamics during mitosis using a localized fluorescent probe
Authors: Matsui Yusuke , Kowada Toshiyuki , Ding Yi , Sahoo Priya Ranjan , Kikuchi Kazuya , Mizukami Shin
Published: May 2023

A novel fluorescent Mg2+ probe was developed based on a small molecule–protein hybrid. This probe enables subcellular targeting, long-term imaging, and high selectivity for Mg2+ over Ca2+.
Insights into the carbonization mechanism of PAN-derived carbon precursor fibers and establishment of a kinetics-driven accelerated reaction template for atomistic simulation
Authors: Shi Pengcheng , Zhu Yingdan , Xu Haibing , Yan Chun , Liu Dong , Yue Lingyu , Chen Gang
Published: May 2023

Mechanism implanted and kinetics-driven accelerated reaction template for atomistic simulation of CF production.
Rapid determination of serum amyloid A using an upconversion luminescent lateral flow immunochromatographic strip
Authors: Sun Xinwen , Dai Xiaoru , Ling Shisheng , Dong Wenkun , Chen Dong , Li Mengting , Qiao Xvsheng , Wang Zhiyu , Fan Xianping , Qian Guodong
Published: May 2023

A simple LFIS based on optimized UCNP-labeled antibody probes was developed for the rapid determination of cardiovascular diseases with high sensitivity and specificity.
Hollow structure molecularly imprinted ratiometric fluorescence sensor for the selective and sensitive detection of dopamine
Authors: Liu Xiqing , Fang Ying , Zhu Deqiang , Wang Jinyu , Wu Yu , Wang Tao , Wang Yongqing
Published: May 2023

A ratiometric hollow CdTe@H-ZIF-8/CDs@MIPs sensor was developed for the sensitive and selective detection of dopamine.
Thiophenol-spaced 2D coordination polymers with extraordinary alkali resistance and efficient photothermal conversion
Authors: Hou Qin , Chen Li-Jun , He Jing , Chen Er-Xia , Wang Bo , Zhou Xuechou , Dai Yumei , He Liang , Lin Qipu
Published: May 2023

Thiol-based coordination polymers (MTBT; M = Fe, Co and Zn; TBT = dehydrated 4,4′-thiobisbenzenethiol) show alkali resistance. CoTBT has broad near-infrared light absorption and good photothermal conversion.
Zn-ProPhenol catalyzed asymmetric inverse-electron-demand Diels–Alder reaction
Authors: Miao Yu-Hang , Hua Yuan-Zhao , Jia Shi-Kun , Xiao Xiao , Wang Min-Can , Mei Guang-Jian
Published: May 2023

The first Zn-ProPhenol catalyzed asymmetric inverse-electron-demand Diels–Alder reaction of β,γ-unsaturated α-ketoamides with β,γ-unsaturated ketones has been accomplished.
Photoinduced C(sp3)–H borylation of alkanes mediated by copper(ii) chloride
Authors: Fang Wen , Wang Huai-Qin , Zhou Wei , Luo Zhi-Wen , Dai Jian-Jun
Published: May 2023

This paper describes a photoinduced, CuCl2-mediated C(sp3)–H borylation of non-activated alkanes. The new reaction features mild conditions, readily available reagents, and easy scalability.
First-principles study on the catalytic performance of transition metal atom-doped CrSe2 for the oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Lin Long , Sun Yadan , Xie Kun , Shi Pei , Yang Xinyu , Wang Dongbin
Published: May 2023

The ORR diagram of four-electron steps for TM-doped CrSe2.
A series of two-dimensional carbon allotropes with Dirac cone structure
Authors: Wang Guo Xiang
Published: May 2023

A series of carbon allotropes, named (HS)nm-graphene, are proposed by periodically arranging four- and six-membered carbon rings, in which some carbon allotropes are predicted to possess the Dirac cone structure.
Eco-friendly cellulose nanofibrils with high surface charge and aspect ratio for nanopaper films with ultrahigh toughness and folding endurance
Authors: Zhang Da , Jin Kexia , Lim Khak Ho , Jie Suyun , Wang Wen-Jun , Yang Xuan
Published: May 2023

A one-pot eco-friendly method was developed based on maleic anhydride esterification to produce high quality cellulose nanofibrils and high performance nanopaper films.
The promotion effect of Sn on Cr/KIT-6 for the catalytic combustion of chlorobenzene
Authors: Xu Shiqi , Liu Shantang , He Fei
Published: May 2023

Sn effectively improved the activity and chlorine resistance of the Cr/KIT-6 catalyst, because Sn promoted the dispersion of CrOx on the KIT-6 and increased the surface Cr6+ content.
Preparation of highly dispersed metallic Pt nanoparticle catalysts for low-temperature propene combustion
Authors: Huang Bei , Wang Ke , Zhang Fanxing , Shen Xianfeng , Yang Kewu , He Yi , Yan Keping , Shi Yao , Xie Pengfei
Published: May 2023

Highly dispersed metallic Pt catalysts with different particle sizes were synthesized and employed for C3H6 combustion. Due to a balance of Pt0 and under-coordinated Pt atoms proportion, the 1% Pt-RD3 catalyst exhibits optimal catalytic activity.
Construction of the tetracyclic ring system of diterpene alkaloids via cationic [5 + 2] cycloaddition
Authors: Mizuno Kosuke , Nishiyama Yoshitake , Yokoshima Satoshi
Published: May 2023

The ABCD ring system of C18/C19 diterpene alkaloids was constructed via cationic [5 + 2] cycloaddition and an intramolecular aldol reaction.
Covalent organic framework-MnO2 nanoparticle composites for shape-selective sensing of bithiols
Authors: Cao Yuping , Zhang Jin , Yang Jilu , Qin Wenwu
Published: May 2023

IEP-MnO2 was successfully used in distinguishing the detection of GSH and Cys/Hcy by different mechanisms.
Pd-doped HKUST-1 MOFs for enhanced hydrogen storage: effect of hydrogen spillover
Authors: Hu Xiaoyu , Wang Jinchuan , Li Shangkun , Hu Xuanhao , Ye Rongxing , Zhou Linsen , Li Peilong , Chen Changlun
Published: May 2023

The synergistic effect between strong interaction of pores with H2 and spillover effect for Pd@HKUST-1-DS brings high hydrogen storage capacity at a low and ambient temperature.
A validated analytical method to measure metals dissolved in deep eutectic solvents
Authors: Sabzkoohi Halimeh Askari , Dodier Vicky , Kolliopoulos Georgios
Published: May 2023

This work presents the first validated method to analyze metals dissolved in deep eutectic solvents (DES) on a microwave plasma atomic emission spectrometer (MP-AES), which is key to the success of the upcoming field of solvometallurgy.
A sustainable metal and base-free direct amidation of esters using water as a green solvent
Authors: Rajendran Nanthini , Kamaraj Kiruthigadevi , Janakiraman Saranya , Saral Mary , Dixneuf Pierre H. , Bheeter Charles Beromeo
Published: May 2023

A metal and base-free effective synthetic approach for the direct amidation of esters via C(acyl)–O bond cleavage, using water as a green-solvent.
Energetics of topographically designed Smectic-A oily streaks
Authors: Missaoui Amine , Susser Adam L. , Aharoni Hillel , Rosenblatt Charles
Published: May 2023

(a) 3D visualization of a SmA divot measured by optical profilometry. (b) Polarized optical microscopy image showing the OS pattern between crossed polarizers, overlaid by the parameters used in our model. (c) Side view sketch showing the different parameters in our model.
A quantitative model of multi-scale single quantum dot blinking
Authors: Podshivaylov Eduard A. , Kniazeva Maria A. , Tarasevich Alexander O. , Eremchev Ivan Yu. , Naumov Andrei V. , Frantsuzov Pavel A.
Published: May 2023

We present a fundamentally new model of colloidal semiconductor quantum dot blinking. The blinking is caused by fluctuations of the non-radiative exciton relaxation rate, induced by variations of the electron–phonon coupling value.
Spontaneous and photomechanical twisting of a cyanostilbene-based molecular crystal
Authors: Li Pengyu , Guan Jun , Peng Min , Wu Junhong , Yin Meizhen
Published: May 2023

Developing organic molecular crystals with twisted morphology either through spontaneous formation or in response to external stimuli is compelling yet challenging.
NPFFR2-deficient mice fed a high-fat diet develop strong intolerance to glucose
Authors: Karnošová Alena , Strnadová Veronika , Železná Blanka , Kuneš Jaroslav , Kašpárek Petr , Maletínská Lenka
Published: May 2023

A previous study on neuropeptide FF receptor 2 (NPFFR2)-deficient mice has demonstrated that NPFFR2 is involved in the control of energy balance and thermogenesis. Here, we report on the metabolic impact of NPFFR2 deficiency in male and female mice that were fed either a standard diet (STD) or a high-fat diet (HFD) and each experimental group consisted of ten individuals. Both male and female NPFFR2 knockout (KO) mice exhibited severe glucose intolerance that was exacerbated by a HFD diet. In addition, reduced insulin pathway signaling proteins in NPFFR2 KO mice fed a HFD resulted in the development of hypothalamic insulin resistance. HFD feeding did not cause liver steatosis in NPFFR2 KO mice of either sex, but NPFFR2 KO male mice fed a HFD had lower body weights, white adipose tissues, and liver and lower plasma leptin levels compared with their wild-type (WT) controls. Lower liver weight in NPFFR2 KO male mice compensated for HFD-induced metabolic stress by increased liver PPARα and plasma FGF21 hepatokine, which supported fatty acid β-oxidation in the liver and white adipose tissue. Conversely, NPFFR2 deletion in female mice attenuated the expression of Adra3β and Pparγ, which inhibited lipolysis in adipose tissue.
Model adaptation via credible local context representation
Authors: Tang Song , Su Wenxin , Yang Yan , Chen Lijuan , Ye Mao
Published: May 2023

Conventional model transfer techniques, requiring the labelled source data, are not applicable in the privacy‐protected medical fields. For the challenging scenarios, recent source data‐free domain adaptation (SFDA) has become a mainstream solution but losing focus on the inter‐sample class information. This paper proposes a new Credible Local Context Representation approach for SFDA. Our main idea is to exploit the credible local context for more discriminative representation. Specifically, we enhance the source model's discrimination by information regulating. To capture the context, a discovery method is developed that performs fixed steps walking in deep space and takes the credible features in this path as the context. In the epoch‐wise adaptation, deep clustering‐like training is conducted with two major updates. First, the context for all target data is constructed and then the context‐fused pseudo‐labels providing semantic guidance are generated. Second, for each target data, a weighting fusion on its context forms the anchored neighbourhood structure; thus, the deep clustering is switched from individual‐based to coarse‐grained. Also, a new regularisation building is developed on the anchored neighbourhood to drive the deep coarse‐grained learning. Experiments on three benchmarks indicate that the proposed method can achieve state‐of‐the‐art results.
Asynchronous broadcast‐based event‐triggered control for discrete‐time clock synchronization
Authors: Jia Zhian , Dai Xuewu , Cui Dongliang , Hu Yuxiang
Published: May 2023

Precise timing plays a key role in the time‐sensitive industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). However, precise time synchronization requires more frequent packet exchange, which consumes more communication bandwidth and energy. This is a particular challenge in battery‐powered wireless nodes, and low communication costs have become an important factor in clock synchronization. To address the challenge of achieving low communication cost clock synchronization in distributed wireless sensor networks, this paper proposes an improved event‐triggered control and synchronization scheme with a novel asynchronous broadcast packet exchange protocol. Unlike the traditional event‐triggered control scheme which is based on synchronous polling packet exchange, this proposed asynchronous broadcast packet exchange is more communication efficient and requires fewer number of packet exchanges. And it is worth noting that the proposed algorithm in this paper is a distributed algorithm and does not require real‐time acquisition of information from neighbouring nodes. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed event‐triggered control strategy. The efficiency and precision of the proposed clock synchronization method is evaluated by intensive simulations, which show that the number of packet exchange is reduced by 60% for a moderate IIoT network and is particularly useful for large scale network.
Extragalactic fast X-ray transient candidates discovered byChandra(2014–2022)
Authors: Quirola-Vásquez J. , Bauer F. E. , Jonker P. G. , Brandt W. N. , Yang G. , Levan A. J. , Xue Y. Q. , Eappachen D. , Camacho E. , Ravasio M. E. , Zheng X. C. , Luo B.
Published: May 2023

Context.Extragalactic fast X-ray transients (FXTs) are short flashes of X-ray photons of unknown origin that last a few minutes to hours.

Aims.We extend the previous search for extragalactic FXTs (based on sources in theChandraSource Catalog 2.0, CSC2) to furtherChandraarchival data between 2014 and 2022.

Methods.We extracted X-ray data using a method similar to that employed by CSC2 and applied identical search criteria as in previous work.

Results.We report the detection of eight FXT candidates, with peak 0.3–10 keV fluxes between 1 × 10−13to 1 × 10−11erg cm−2s−1andT90values from 0.3 to 12.1 ks. This sample of FXTs likely has redshifts between 0.7 and 1.8. Three FXT candidates exhibit light curves with a plateau (≈1−3 ks duration) followed by a power-law decay and X-ray spectral softening, similar to what was observed for a few before-reported FXTs. In light of the new, expanded source lists (eight FXTs with known redshifts from a previous paper and this work), we have updated the event sky rates derived previously, finding 36.9−8.3+9.7deg−2yr−1for the extragalactic samples for a limiting flux of ≳1 × 10−13erg cm−2s−1, calculated the first FXT X-ray luminosity function, and compared the volumetric density rate between FXTs and other transient classes.

Conclusions.Our latestChandra-detected extragalactic FXT candidates boost the totalChandrasample by ∼50%, and appear to have a similar diversity of possible progenitors.
Doppler wind measurements in Neptune’s stratosphere with ALMA
Authors: Carrión-González Óscar , Moreno Raphael , Lellouch Emmanuel , Cavalié Thibault , Guerlet Sandrine , Milcareck Gwenaël , Spiga Aymeric , Clément Noé , Leconte Jérémy
Published: May 2023

Context. Neptune’s tropospheric winds are among the most intense in the Solar System, but the dynamical mechanisms that produce them are still unclear. Measuring wind speeds at different pressure levels may help shed light on the atmospheric dynamics of the planet.

Aims. The goal of this work is to directly measure winds in Neptune’s stratosphere with ALMA Doppler spectroscopy.

Methods. We derived the Doppler lineshift maps of Neptune at the CO(3-2) and HCN(4-3) lines at 345.8 GHz (λ ∼ 0.87 mm) and 354.5 GHz (0.85 mm), respectively. For that purpose, we used spectra obtained with ALMA in 2016 and recorded with a spatial resolution of ∼0.37″ on Neptune’s 2.24″ disk. After subtracting the planet’s solid rotation, we inferred the contribution of zonal winds to the measured Doppler lineshifts at the CO and HCN lines. We developed an MCMC-based retrieval methodology to constrain the latitudinal distribution of wind speeds.

Results. We find that CO(3-2) and HCN(4-3) lines probe the stratosphere of Neptune at pressures of 2−1.8+12 mbar and 0.4−0.3+0.5 mbar, respectively. The zonal winds at these altitudes are less intense than the tropospheric winds based on cloud tracking from Voyager observations. We find equatorial retrograde (westward) winds of −180−60+70 m s−1 for CO, and −190−70+90 m s−1 for HCN. Wind intensity decreases towards mid-latitudes and wind speeds at 40°S are −90−60+50 m s−1 for CO and −40−80+60 m s−1 for HCN. Wind speeds become 0 m s−1 at about 50°S. We find that the circulation reverses to a prograde jet southwards of 60°S. Overall, our direct stratospheric wind measurements match previous estimates from stellar occultation profiles and expectations based on thermal wind equilibrium.

Conclusions. These are the first direct Doppler wind measurements performed on the Icy Giants, opening up a new method for the study and monitoring of their stratospheric dynamics.
The project approach specifics in relation to the student self-organisation development
Authors: Dyorina Natalja V. , Romanov Petr Yu. , Tokmazov Georgy V.
Published: May 2023

The study is based on the concept of shaping students' self-organisation in the digital learning environment of a technical university. The recommendations for creating an effective learning system can be used in the creation of effective education systems. They will be created through the use of digital technologies in the educational process of the university to create a culture of self-organization of students. According to these provisions, the author of the work should identify the characteristics of educational activities and ensure their effective implementation during the formation of the culture of students of a technical university. Scientific research on students' self-organization culture formation will be carried out considering the specifics of students' interaction and information environment of the university. The direction of the project approach in pedagogy is "pedagogical planning". The authors have identified the stages of pedagogical planning necessary for successful implementation of the project methodology and the problem under the study. They are necessary in the formation process of university students' self-organization culture. To conduct the research, it is necessary to determine the way in which the ability to create a culture of self-organization in the digital educational environment of a technical university can be developed. The authors have set a goal to provide students with the opportunity to realize their creative potential, to form self-organization. To enable students to design projects independently, the authors suggest that they show their autonomy in designing. They plan means to organize an effective learning process and ensure its effectiveness, which in modern conditions is possible through the introduction of digital technologies in the educational process of the university to create self-organization of students. The article describes technological methods of students' self-organization culture formation in the conditions of digital educational environment of a technical university, namely, project technologies, which are based on the relationship of a teacher and a group.
Attitude to the family of urban and rural residents
Authors: Lebedeva Lyudmila G.
Published: May 2023

Contradictory phenomena in family and marriage relations, in relation to family and children in modern society, have, among other things, a territorial and settlement aspect. The overwhelming majority of respondents (residents of different territorial settlement structures) recognize the family as hope and support in life. Residents of villages and small towns show higher ratings of the family (its significance, value); residents of the megalopolis show noticeably less high ratings of the family. The differences in the assessments of the family among different social groups suggest the need to search for special approaches in socio-economic, socio-cultural, and demographic policy in relation to the development of different territorial settlement structures. The study of people's needs in the family variant of living and the search for options for social planning and management, taking into account the needs of family collectives, can be considered a promising area of scientific research and practical municipal and regional management.
Foundations of the comprehensive concept of learning
Authors: Mamalova Khouzy , Makhaev Mair , Akhmadova Zainap
Published: May 2023

The article is devoted to the problems of education in the Russian Federation. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Russian education system is in a systemic crisis, one of the reasons for which is the outdated concept of education, which is too focused on the transfer of a large amount of fundamental knowledge. On the basis of Moscow International University, the Integrated Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the NP "Laboratory for Cognitive Research of Consciousness named after A.I. Said-Mahdikhon Sattorov", the authors developed a new comprehensive concept of learning aimed at harmonizing the educational process. It involves the distribution of school subjects (lessons and lectures) into four blocks (knowledge block, methodological block, skills block and responsibility block). A new version of the lesson schedule for elementary classes was developed in accordance with the comprehensive concept of education. The article outlines the basic principles of the comprehensive concept of education: pluralism; freedom of thought and choice; methodical doubt; practicality; responsibility; harmonious development of personality. The concept "learning" was defined as a purposeful activity related to the development of fundamental and applied knowledge, technologies and techniques of correct and creative thinking, practical skills and abilities, social and moral norms, the ultimate goal of which is to reveal student's personal potential, and the ultimate goal is social progress.
Ethnolinguistic Nominations of Mythological Figures (demonologems) in the Kalmyk Language
Authors: Ochirova Nyudlya Chetyrovna , Sharapova Nina Nikolaevna , Mandzhieva Inga Sergeevna , Khamraev Merdan Yashuzakovich , Khamrayeva Selbi Yashuzakovna
Published: May 2023

Demonology ideas that date from the oldest and most stable folklore and mythological traditions are emphasized in multiple ethnic cultures. An early form of religion directly coupled with mythology is represented by the black faith of the Mongolian and, more broadly, Central Asians, which evolved from many different beliefs bequeathed by ancestors (belief in the forces of space and nature, in the souls of dead ancestors, totemic ancestors, etc.). It made people perceive the world around as a set of elements dynamically influencing their lives where each element has its own origin, its own spirit somewhat independent, which they worship and appease by means of sacrifice, incantation and primordial magic. Mythologization as a certain tendency of consciousness was preserved throughout all historical stages shaping the ethnic Mongolian society, including the Kalmyks. The paper discusses the naming of mythological characters (demonologems or demonims), defines the groups of nominations for „lower mythology‟ characters with a surreal denotation that does not exist in real life. The study aims to feature the ethnolinguistic functioning of demonology glossary in the Kalmyk language and to identify its significance in modern linguistic consciousness. The glossary is basically denoted through ethnocultural stereotypical ideas about demonology born in the minds of native speakers. The most productive are the nominative groups of mythical creatures determined by their habitat, by deleterious effects that malevolent entities can have, etc. Evaluative nominations are based on demonologemes that have a negative connotation fixed in the language.
Religion, informatization of society and power: Socio-Philosophical Analysis
Authors: Zekrist Rida Irekovna
Published: May 2023

The paper examines transformational changes in contemporary society through a lens of religious discourse, power relations and digital environment of society. The paper aims to explore the background of digital changes taking place in a social environment, the way they contribute to the “informatization” of societies, states, governments, and religions. The problem stated in line with the research questions update the idea of philosophical analysis to evaluate paradigm social shifts. A problem-based approach relies on systems analysis applied to grasp an overview of trends through our understanding of a digital trigger actuating societal developments. The paper shows that a “mega-shift from industrial to digital society” resulted in a new social environment and, successively, to a “restructuring of power relations” with digital religion to replace conventional religion. The findings showed that religion and power being social phenomena developing in a digitalized world do not lose their systemic mutual interaction. However, it is clear that the relationship between these social phenomena is becoming more and more technology-driven. To analyze a religion-power relationship in a digital society, there is still no convincing theoretical model.
Language as a cultural code of a nation (on the example of the modern Kazakh language)
Authors: Sagyngalikyzy Zhubay Orynay , Imankulova Saltanat Merkibaevna , Absattar Adil , Ryskulov Marat , Zamzayeva Tolkyn Amangeldiyevna , Ramazanov Talgat
Published: May 2023

Today, linguistics is dominated by the anthropocentric direction where special attention is paid to the human factor. The anthropocentric position of the research paradigm is aimed at a deep disclosure of the cognitive and communicative function of language. In the studies of the anthropocentric direction, a human is characterized as a speaking, rational object with his own worldview. Cognitive linguistics occupies a special place in the study of human thinking and speech. Language serves a human as a means of cognition, a means of communication, it is the main way to transfer knowledge about the world, accumulated in the process of cognition of being. Language not only illuminates thought, but also leaves its mark on cognitive activity, as a result of which it participates in mental activity. In modern Kazakh linguistics, special attention is paid to the influence of language on the way of thinking and human activity, as well as the influence of man on language, the human factor in language. Speakers of the same language have a common way of thinking, which is reflected in the onomasiology (name or designation) of different objects, nature, etc. A human shows the richness of his language mainly in vocabulary and phraseology. For this, it is necessary to consider the language as a cognitive system as a whole, taking into account the requirements of cognition and communication.
Problems of family and maintaining family well-being in a digital society
Authors: Zijadova Dureja Zijadinovna , Khanova Zaira Raimanovna , Dieva Maya Gamidovna , Shubina Olga Andreevna
Published: May 2023

The study addresses the problem of physical violence in the family, which has become the most relevant in criminology, especially in the period of digitalization. The purpose of the study was to determine the forms of physical violence against vulnerable family members and identify the causes and conditions for violence against women, the elderly, and children in a digital society. The authors consider that vulnerable family members in the republics of the North Caucasus are most in need of protection due to the closeness of the topic of violence to observe traditions and customs. The paper shows the fate of women in extremist families. In a digital society, the threat of violence using the latest technologies is relevant. This type of abuse contains psychological aspects, it is a form of digital violence. Constant pressure in the form of control over social networks, the requirements to instantly call back or answer a message is becoming common in a digital society. The purpose of the study was to identify the factors that determine physical violence against helpless family members in a digital society and to find areas for improving the criminal law on violence against family members. With due regard to the purpose of the study, the determinants of violence against helpless family members are revealed. Based on the study of the factors that trigger physical violence against vulnerable family members, some methods for improving the criminal legislation are proposed. The study is of practical relevance, and its results can be used for combating physical violence against helpless family members and improving legislation on violence against family members.
Vielfalt der Forschung und drei Jubiläen
Authors: Lucae Christian
Published: May 2023

Vor 40 Jahren wurde Natur und Medizin e. V., die Fördergemeinschaft der Karl
und Veronica Carstens-Stiftung, vom Ehepaar Carstens gegründet. Zehntausende
Mitglieder sind dem Verein seitdem beigetreten und finanzieren mit ihren
Mitgliedsbeiträgen unter anderem Forschung zur Homöopathie und zu
naturheilkundlichen Therapien. Durch diese Forschungsförderung konnte die
Carstens-Stiftung in den letzten 4 Jahrzehnten eine große Zahl an
wissenschaftlichen Forschungsprojekten initiieren. Dies alles wäre nicht
möglich gewesen ohne den jahrzehntelangen persönlichen Einsatz von
Veronica Carstens, die am 18. Juni 2023 100 Jahre alt geworden wäre. Dieser
runde Geburtstag wird zusammen mit dem Jubiläum von Natur und Medizin e. V.
am 24. Juni 2023 im Rahmen eines Gesundheitstags in der Philharmonie in Essen
gefeiert (www.naturundmedizin.de).
Klinische Forschung am Beispiel der allergischen
Rhinitis
Authors: Siewert Julia
Published: May 2023

Diese Rubrik greift praxisrelevante und theoretische Themen auf, die Ein- oder
Wiedereinsteigern zur Orientierung dienen sollen. Dabei steht eine pragmatische
Vorgehensweise im Zentrum, die rasch und unkompliziert nachvollzogen werden
kann. Theoretische Themen können naturgemäß in dieser
Kürze nur angeschnitten werden. Davon abweichende Erfahrungen und
Erkenntnisse sind berechtigt, aber nicht Thema dieser Reihe.
Abschließend soll eine knappe Literaturauswahl zu weiterem Studium
anregen.
Veratrum album: schwere Enteritis
Authors: Hadulla Michael M.
Published: May 2023

Beschrieben wird ein Patient mit einer ausgeprägten Enteritis, die durch
Veratrum album sistierte, sowie mit einer Grunderkrankung – nach
stattgehabter Pankreatitis – mit nachfolgenden Venenthrombosen im
abdominellen Bereich. Nach vielfältigen Operationen und Reoperationen
kam es zur erfolgreichen Behandlung durch VenoLoges (Loges) i.v./i.m.
Geschichtlicher Exkurs zu den Arzneimitteln Veratrum album und Camphora. Im
weiteren Verlauf war eine Kombination aus Komplexmittel und Einzelmittel
möglich.
Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion in Elderly Patients: Peri- and Postoperative Complications and Clinical Outcome
Authors: Jesse Christopher M. , Mayer Lea , Häni Levin , Goldberg Johannes , Raabe Andreas , Schwarzenbach Othmar , Schär Ralph T.
Published: May 2023

Background Anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) is an effective surgical technique for treating various lumbar pathologies, but its use in elderly patients is controversial. Data concerning complications and effectiveness are sparse. We investigated peri- and postoperative complications, radiographic parameters, and clinical outcome in elderly patients.

Methods Patients ≥65 years who underwent ALIF between January 2008 and August 2020 were included in the study. All surgeries were performed through a retroperitoneal approach. Clinical and surgical data as well as radiologic parameters were collected prospectively and analyzed retrospectively.

Results A total of 39 patients were included; the mean age was 72.6 (±6.3) years (range: 65–90 years); and the mean American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) risk classification was 2.3 (±0.6). A laceration of the left common iliac vein was the only major complication recorded (2.6%). Minor complications occurred in 20.5% of patients. Fusion rate was 90.9%. Reoperation rate at the index level was 12.8 and 7.7% in adjacent segments. The multidimensional Core Outcome Measures Index (COMI) improved from 7.4 (±1.4) to 3.9 (±2.7) after 1 year and to 3.3 (±2.6) after 2 years. Oswestry disability index (ODI) improved from 41.2 (±13.7) to 20.9 (±14.9) after 1 year and to 21.5 (±18.8) after 2 years. Improvements of at least the minimal clinically important change score of 2.2 and 12.9 points in the ODI and COMI after 2 years were noted in 75 and 56.3% of the patients, respectively.

Conclusion With careful patient selection, ALIF is safe and effective in elderly patients.
The membrane electric field regulates the PIP
2
-binding site to gate the KCNQ1 channel
Authors: Mandala Venkata Shiva , MacKinnon Roderick
Published: May 2023

Voltage-dependent ion channels underlie the propagation of action potentials and other forms of electrical activity in cells. In these proteins, voltage sensor domains (VSDs) regulate opening and closing of the pore through the displacement of their positive-charged S4 helix in response to the membrane voltage. The movement of S4 at hyperpolarizing membrane voltages in some channels is thought to directly clamp the pore shut through the S4–S5 linker helix. The KCNQ1 channel (also known as K
v
7.1), which is important for heart rhythm, is regulated not only by membrane voltage but also by the signaling lipid phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP
2
). KCNQ1 requires PIP
2
to open and to couple the movement of S4 in the VSD to the pore. To understand the mechanism of this voltage regulation, we use cryogenic electron microscopy to visualize the movement of S4 in the human KCNQ1 channel in lipid membrane vesicles with a voltage difference across the membrane, i.e., an applied electric field in the membrane. Hyperpolarizing voltages displace S4 in such a manner as to sterically occlude the PIP
2
-binding site. Thus, in KCNQ1, the voltage sensor acts primarily as a regulator of PIP
2
binding. The voltage sensors’ influence on the channel’s gate is indirect through the reaction sequence: voltage sensor movement → alter PIP
2
ligand affinity → alter pore opening.
Translations of Alice in Wonderland in the Sinosphere
Authors: Li Xueyi
Published: May 2023

Despite a substantial body of scholarship on translations into different languages of Alice’s Adventures
in Wonderland, studies of Chinese translations tend to neglect the more recent and shared translational trends across
the Chinese-speaking world. While translations of the complete text establish the book’s reputation by faithfully recreating
Alice’s outward adventure, partial translations have emerged in a larger number and enjoyed tremendous popularity. Some of these
adapt the source story into a tale of homecoming. Comparing five selected translations in detail, I delve into the translation
strategies employed in them to find out how and to what extent the original story is changed. The rationales behind these
translations and the changes are discussed through the lens of dual poetics, i.e., the role of translation conceived in the target
system of children’s literature and the translators’ child image. It finds that the choice between a full or partial rendering of
the original is determined by the changing views of translation in the receiving system. At the same time, degrees of adaptation
are almost entirely subject to the translators’ multidimensional concepts of children.
Papuan-Austronesian contact and the spread of numeral systems in Melanesia
Authors: Barlow Russell
Published: May 2023

This study analyzes the numeral systems of Austronesian and Papuan languages, investigating their areal distribution and considering their most likely ancestral states. The presence or absence of different methods of numeration has often been ascribed to contact-induced change. This can certainly be seen in scholarship pertaining to Melanesia, where Austronesian languages probably first came into contact with Papuan languages around 3,500 years ago. Indeed, since Proto-Austronesian is reconstructed as having employed a decimal (base-10) numeral system (with reflexes occurring throughout the Austronesian world), the presence of quinary (base-5) numeral systems in the Austronesian languages of Melanesia has commonly been attributed to contact with Papuan languages. Relying on a typological survey of 1,825 languages, this paper argues that highly conventionalized quinary systems were probably rare in Melanesia prior to the arrival of Austronesian languages. Rather, it was more likely that Austronesian speakers spread lexicalized quinary systems to Papuan groups, not the other way around. In making this argument, the paper stresses that, while numeration may be something that is linguistically encoded in a systematic fashion, it may also be realized as a cultural feature without strongly conventionalized lexicalized expressions.
From oblique to core case in the Southern Min languages
Authors: Chappell Hilary
Published: May 2023

This study sets out to discuss the evolution from oblique to core case as a manifestation of overtly-marked nominative-accusative alignment in Sinitic languages. This is due to the emergence of a type of ‘optional’ marking on preverbal direct objects in a construction type that has become widespread in Sinitic (Chappell & Verstraete 2019). In particular, I examine spoken discourse data from Taiwanese Southern Min whose comitative preposition,ka7, has grammaticalized into an optional object marker. It is argued that this marker is undergoing morphologization into a direct object index (doi) on the main verb in the predicate, subsequent to the omission of the resumptive pronoun it governs. The new index takes over this function of cross-referencing the lexical direct object, typically located in the immediately preceding discourse, if not in clause-initial position.

In an epilogue, I also briefly treat the evolution of local cases such as the allative and the perlative to optional object markers in the Southern Min languages of Shantou and Jieyang, situated in Guangdong Province, China. Both of these are extremely rare sources in the Sinitic family, yet common in Tibeto-Burman and Romance languages. The approach adopted is in harmony with recent diachronic studies which target source morphosyntax in order to explain the emergence of a variety of synchronic patterns, all bearing similar discourse and grammatical functions (Cristofaro & Zúñiga 2018).
Parental status influences human-to-pet caregiving behaviors, attachment, and attitudes in a Finnish sample
Authors: Volsche Shelly , Schultz Sydney , Alsaifi Sara , Melamies Marika , Pulkkinen Jari
Published: May 2023

A growing body of literature suggests people are choosing to forego parenthood, bringing companion animals into the home as a focus for people’s attachment and caretaking behavior instead. This emergent “pet parenting” can be defined as the parent-like investment in companion animals and has been linked to countries that are experiencing or have experienced the Second Demographic Transition (SDT) marked by subreplacement fertility, changing marriage norms, increased educational attainment, and a flexible life orientation no longer focused solely on reproduction. In this research, we sought to determine if Finland, a country where the SDT has already been evidenced, is also experiencing an emergence of pet parenting and whether there is a difference between parents’, nonparents’, and future parents’ attachment and caregiving behaviors toward companion animals in the home. A total of 857 participants completed an online survey delivered in Finnish and English which included demographic questions, the Lexington Attachment to Pets Scale (LAPS), and a series of questions designed to probe topics regarding the training of companion animals, generalized caretaking, and the ascription of personhood or autonomy to companion animals under the respondent’s care. Future parents reported more agreement across all scales of the LAPS, followed by nonparents than parents. Future parents also reported more frequency of behaviors associated with
Affective Responsiveness
, while nonparents reported more frequency of behaviors associated with
Training and Play
and
General Care
. From our results, we argue that Finland does seem to be experiencing the emergence of pet parenting, likely in response to the SDT, and this is demonstrated by marked differences in attachment and caregiving behaviors directed at companion animals in the home.
The influence of bypass current on arc energy density and metal transfer behaviour in bypass current compressed gas metal arc welding
Authors: Liu Ji , Miao Yugang , Wang Ziran , Li Chunwang , Zhao Yuyang , Zhang Benshun
Published: May 2023

A new welding method, bypass current compressed gas metal arc welding (BCC-GMAW), was developed to enhance the arc energy density and welding stability of GMAW. When the bypass current was applied, the arc energy density was increased with the constraining effect of the circumferential bypass electrode, which was studied by current density and arc pressure, resulting in an increase of 46% in weld depth and a decrease of 38% in weld width. As the coupled arc increased the melting speed of wire and forces of droplet downward transfer, the droplet transfer frequency increased by 185%, and the metal transfer mode was changed from short-circuit transfer to stable small globule transfer, obtaining a smooth and uniform weld appearance.
Dietary protein shapes the profile and repertoire of intestinal CD4+ T cells
Authors: Lockhart Ainsley , Reed Aubrey , Rezende de Castro Tiago , Herman Calvin , Campos Canesso Maria Cecilia , Mucida Daniel
Published: May 2023

The intestinal immune system must tolerate food antigens to avoid allergy, a process requiring CD4+ T cells. Combining antigenically defined diets with gnotobiotic models, we show that food and microbiota distinctly influence the profile and T cell receptor repertoire of intestinal CD4+ T cells. Independent of the microbiota, dietary proteins contributed to accumulation and clonal selection of antigen-experienced CD4+ T cells at the intestinal epithelium, imprinting a tissue-specialized transcriptional program including cytotoxic genes on both conventional and regulatory CD4+ T cells (Tregs). This steady state CD4+ T cell response to food was disrupted by inflammatory challenge, and protection against food allergy in this context was associated with Treg clonal expansion and decreased proinflammatory gene expression. Finally, we identified both steady-state epithelium-adapted CD4+ T cells and tolerance-induced Tregs that recognize dietary antigens, suggesting that both cell types may be critical for preventing inappropriate immune responses to food.
Design and investigation of doping-less gate-all-around TFET with Mg2Si source material for low power and enhanced performance applications
Authors: Agarwal Pranav , Rai Sankalp , Y. A Rakshit , Mishra Varun
Published: May 2023

Metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) faces the major problem of being unable to achieve a subthreshold swing (SS) below 60 mV/dec. As device dimensions continue to reduce and the demand for high switching ratios for low power consumption increases, the tunnel field-effect transistor (TFET) appears to be a viable device, displaying promising characteristic as an answer to the shortcomings of the traditional MOSFET. So far, TFET designing has been a task of sacrificing higher ON state current for low subthreshold swing (and vice versa), and a device that displays both while maintaining structural integrity and operational stability lies in the nascent stages of popular research. This work presents a comprehensive analysis of a heterojunction plasma doped gate-all-around TFET (HPD-GAA-TFET) by making a comparison between Mg2Si and Si which serve as source materials. Charge plasma technique is employed to implement doping in an intrinsic silicon wafer with the help of suitable electrodes. A low-energy bandgap material, i.e. magnesium silicide is incorporated as source material to form a heterojunction between source and silicon-based channel. A rigorous comparison of performance between Si-based GAA-TFET and HPD-GAA-TFET is conducted in terms of electrical, radio frequency (RF), linearity, and distortion parameters. It is observable that HPD-GAA-TFET outperforms conventional Si-based GAA-TFET with an ON-state current (I
ON), subthreshold swing (SS), threshold voltage (V
th), and current switching ratio being 0.377 mA, 12.660 mV/dec, 0.214 V, and 2.985 × 1012, respectively. Moreover, HPD-GAA-TFET holds faster switching and is more reliable than Si-based device. Therefore, HPD-GAA-TFET is suitable for low-power applications.
Enhances of nearly zero-energy public buildings in regions with hot summers and cold winter
Authors: Suqi Wang , Zawawi Emma Marinie Binti Ahmad , Jie Kwong Qi , Yunpeng Cui , Junyi Yu
Published: May 2023

Nearly Zero-energy residential buildings have attracted widespread attention due to their superior energy-saving performance. In order to achieve a balance between energy production and demand in residential buildings, the application of renewable energy is essential. This paper optimizes typical zero-energy public buildings in hot summer and cold winter locales using the concepts of passive priority, active optimization, and 100% renewable energy supply guarantee. The importance of passive energy-saving techniques like heating, shading, and heat recovery; in accordance with local resource conditions; analysis of building renewable energy utilization systems like solar energy and air energy; and recommendation of the most technologically efficient building energy system. According to the simulation results, if the criteria for zero-energy buildings are met, the annual energy consumption index per unit area is 37.6 kWh/m2, and the 8.9 kW building photovoltaic system can generate 36.4 kWh/m2 of power annually.