bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The association between Uric Acid and Diabetic Retinopathy: Review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Luyuan , Li Xiaorong
Published: June 2022

Background
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a serious neuro-microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), which is due to the disturbance of metabolism. Uric acid (UA) is one of the most important indicators of the occurrence and development of metabolism disorders. Many studies reported UA in DR patients was higher than that in non-DR patients. however, the results are controversial. The purpose of this meta-analysis study was to reveal the relationship between UA level and DR.
Method
We searched the online electronic database and retrieved all the relevant articles published before March 2022. Demographic data and UA biochemical parameters in different studies were collected. The pooled standard mean deviation (SMD) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated and meta-analysis was performed.
Results
A total of 32 articles including 20658 patients were involved in this meta-analysis. The UA levels in DR group was significantly higher than that in non-DM group and NDR group (P = 0.0001; P < 0.00001, respectively). Subgroup analysis showed that there were significant differences in UA level between NPDR and PDR groups (P < 0.00001), NPDR and NDR groups (P = 0.02). In addition, UA levels were significantly higher in DR group comparing NDR group in plasma (P < 0.0001), vitreous (P < 0.00001) and aqueous humor (P < 0.0001) samples. It was also showed UA level was significantly ascended in DR patients no matterT1DM(P < 0.00001) and T2DM (P < 0.00001).
Conclusions
The UA level is definitely associated with DR severity. Therefore, increased UA concentration maybe a potential biomarker that distinguishes DR from DM, and elevated UA level implied the gradual progress of DR.
Evaluation of the marginal adaptation and gingival status of full-crown restorations using an intraoral camera
Authors: Chiu Shuting , Lee Yeh , Liu Min , Chen Hu , Ye Hongqiang , Liu Yunsong
Published: June 2022

Objective
The purpose of this study was to compare the usefulness of intraoral photographs, acquired with a household intraoral camera operating in conventional, calibrated, and polarized modes, with clinical examinations for assessing the marginal adaptation and gingival status of full-crown restorations.
Methods
Clinical examinations were performed by a prosthodontist who classified the marginal adaptation of full-crown restorations according to FDI World Dental Federation criteria, and a periodontal expert who classified gingival status according to the Modified Gingival Index (MGI). The margins and gingival status of the conventional, calibration, and polarization groups of full-crown restorations were independently assessed by three evaluators who obtained photographs using an intraoral camera. Cases where at least two of three assessors were in agreement were analyzed using Cohen’s kappa coefficient and the chi-square test, and the sensitivity and specificity were calculated.
Results
The conventional, calibration, and polarization groups differed significantly in marginal and gingival status of full-crown restorations. In the calibration group, there was good agreement between the camera-based and oral clinical examinations in terms of the gingival status of full-crown restorations (kappa = 0.945), with 100% sensitivity and 91.67% specificity; this was also the case in the polarization group with respect to the margins of full-crown restorations (kappa = 0.917, sensitivity = 97.22%, specificity = 94.44%).
Conclusions
An intraoral camera with black and white calibrated images is useful to assess the gingival status of full-crown restorations. Polarization mode can be used to assess the marginal adaptation of full-crown restorations. The camera is a feasible and valid diagnostic aid.
Partial replacement of fishmeal by Azolla cristata in diets for fingerling common carp, Cyprinus carpio var. communis
Authors: Ahmed Imtiaz , Khan Younis Mohd , Lateef Anzar , Majeed Aamir , Shah Manzoor A.
Published: June 2022

A 12-week growth experiment was conducted to evaluate the suitability of Azolla cristata as fish meal substitute for fingerling Cyprinus carpio var Communis. Six iso-nitrogenous and isocaloric (16.17 kJ g− 1 GE) diets were formulated to contain 42% crude protein and each treatment had three replicates with a mean initial weight of 3.4 ± 0.2 g. A. cristata in gradation of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50% were fed in order to check possible replacement of fish meal. No significant (P > 0.05) differences in growth performance of fish fed on diets containing up to 10% inclusion and the control were seen. However, further increase in Azolla meal resulted in progressively reduced growth performance of fish in terms of live weight gain (LWG), specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and protein retention efficiency (PRE). All hematological parameters had a linear declining trend as the proportion of Azolla meal in the diet was increased. Protein content was found significantly (P < 0.05) reduced in the fish fed higher inclusion of Azolla meal. Serum biochemical parameters were also found to reduce with increasing inclusion of Azolla meal, except for glucose, cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) which showed higher concentration with increasing inclusion of Azolla meal. Based on the above results, it is suggested that 10% Azolla meal can be added as a replacement of fishmeal in practical diets for C. carpio communis, which would be helpful in reducing the cost of the feed as well as the appropriate use of aquatic macrophytes.
MiR-125 family improves the radiosensitivity of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Wang Qi-Wei , Liu Jiang-Tao , Tan Li-Jun , Zhao Jian-Nan , Zhou Xiao-Jie , Yu Tian-Jiao , Sun Ya-Nan
Published: June 2022

Background
MiRNAs can affect the radiosensitization of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We aimed to analyze the function of miR-125 family members in HNSCC using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and determine their effect on radiation in laryngeal squamous cell cancer (LSCC).
Methods
First, we performed survival analysis for patients with laryngeal cancer, conducted pathway enrichment analysis, and predicted target genes. Then, we performed transfection, cell proliferation assays, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, apoptosis assays, micronucleus tests, and western blotting on hep-2 cells selected with puromycin.
Results
MiR-125 family members exhibited significantly different expression in HNSCC. MiR-125b-1-3p, miR-125b-2-5p, and miR-125b-5p expression was significantly associated with tumor–node–metastasis staging, clinical cancer stages, and early histological grades in HNSCC. Radiation therapy had a statistically significant effect on the expression of all miR-125 family members, except miR-125a-3p. Moreover, miR-125a-5p was related to overall survival in LSCC. Thus, we predicted 110 target genes and seven hub genes of miR-125a-5p. MiR-125a-5p expression was significantly improved after transfection, and the proliferation rate of cells transfected with lentivirus vector expressing miR-125a-5p was significantly reduced compared to that of parental and negative control group cells. The radiation effect was also enhanced in cells transfected with miR-125a-5p. The ratio of apoptotic cells transfected and exposed to X-rays (10 Gy) was distinctly higher than that of the Ad-control group. Micronucleus assay results in the Ad-miR-125a-5p group were significantly different from those in the parental and Ad-control groups. Western blotting analysis revealed that miR-125a-5p upregulated the apoptotic regulators P53 and rH2AX. Thus, miR-125a-5p may increase radiosensitivity in LSCC via upregulation of pro-apoptotic genes.
Conclusions
MiR-125 family members could be prognostic biomarkers of HNSCC, and miR-125a-5p may substantially improve HNSCC sensitivity to radiotherapy by activating P53. Upregulating miR-125a-5p via lentivirus vectors may be a novel strategy to strengthen the effect of radiotherapy on laryngeal cancer.
The Prognostic Role of Right Ventricular Dysfunction in Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Mushtaq Saima , Monti Lorenzo , Rossi Alexia , Pontone Gianluca , Conte Edoardo , Nicoli Flavia , Odoardo Luca Di , Guglielmo Marco , Indolfi Eleonora , Bombace Sara , Baggiano Andrea , Gripari Paola , Pepi Mauro , Bartorelli Antonio , Oliveira Margarida , Santos Ana , Francone Marco , Andreini Daniele
Published: June 2022

Background. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) primarily affects the left ventricle (LV) sparing the right ventricle (RV) in vast majority of cases. However, several studies employing CMR have revealed that myocardial hypertrophy may also involve the RV.Aim of the study. To assess RV size and function in a large prospectively cohort of HCM patients and to evaluate whether these parameters in association with other MR findings can predict cardiac eventsMethods. Two participating centers prospectively included patients with known or suspected HCM between 2011 and 2017. CMR studies were performed with three different scanners. Outcome measures were a composite of ventricular arrhythmias, hospitalization for HF and cardiac death.Results. Of 607 consecutive patients with known or suspected HCM, 315 had complete follow-up information (mean 65 ± 20 months). Among them, 115 patients developed major cardiac events (MACE) during follow-up. At CMR evaluation, patients with events had higher left atrium (LA) diameter (41.5 ± 8 mm vs. 37.17 ± 7.6 mm, p < 0.0001), LV mass (156.7 vs. 144 g, p = 0.005) and myocardial LGE (4.3% vs. 1.9%, p = 0.001). Similarly, patients with events had lower RV stroke volume index (42.7 vs. 47.0, p = 0.0003) and higher prevalence of both RV hypertrophy (16.4% vs. 4.7%, p = 0.0005) and reduced RV ejection fraction (12.2% vs. 4.4%, p = 0.006). In the multivariate analysis, LA diameter and RV stroke volume index were the strongest predictors of events (p < 0.001 and p = 0.0006, respectively)Conclusions Anatomic and functional RV anomalies detected and characterized with CMR may have may have a major role in predicting the prognosis of HCM patients.
Taiyuanostachya: An Abominable Angiosperm from the Early Permian of China
Authors: Wang Xin , Fu Qiang
Published: June 2022

Although angiosperms are can be clearly and strictly defined by their enclosed ovules, how old angiosperms are remains elusive. To solve this problem, the only reliable way is digging fossils. The currently widely accepted age for angiosperms is the Early Cretaceous, although this conclusion is facing increasing challenges pre-Cretaceous fossil evidence of angiosperms as well as molecular clocks. Here we report the outcome of our investigation on a Palaeozoic fossil plant, Taiyuanostachya gen. nov. Unlike previously thought, the fossil plant has both enclosed ovules and enclosed seeds. Since enclosed seeds are a feature characteristic of angiosperms, and enclosed ovules are idiosyncratic of angiosperms, the occurrence of both these features in Taiyuanostachya indicates that angiosperms, the single most diversified plant group on the Earth, may well have occurred in the Palaeozoic, and the origination of angiosperm appears to be much more complicated than assumed previously. Such a conclusion is astonishing for many but favors some molecular dating done decades ago.
High fat diet reveals sex-specific fecal and liver metabolic alterations in C57BL/6J obese mice
Authors: Wang Bo , Jadhav Vidya , Odelade Anuoluwapo , Chang Evelyn , Chang Alex , Harrison Scott H. , Maldonado-Devincci Antoinette , Graves Joseph , Han Jian
Published: June 2022

Obesity is a major health concern that poses significant risks for many other diseases, including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Prevalence of these diseases varies by biological sex. This study utilizes a mouse (C57BL/6J) model of obesity to analyze liver and fecal metabolic profiles at various time points of dietary exposure: 5, 9, and 12 months in control or high fat diet (HFD)-exposed mice. Our study discovered that the female HFD group has a more discernable perturbation and set of significant changes in metabolic profiles than the male HFD group. In the female mice, HFD fecal metabolites including pyruvate, aspartate, and glutamate were lower than control diet-exposed mice after both 9th and 12th month exposure time points, while lactate and alanine were significantly downregulated only at the 12th month. Perturbations of liver metabolic profiles were observed in both male and female HFD groups, compared to controls at the 12th month. Overall, the female HFD group showed higher lactate and glutathione levels compared to controls, while the male HFD group showed higher levels of glutamine and taurine compared to controls. These metabolite-based findings in both fecal and liver samples for a diet-induced effect of obesity may help guide future pioneering discoveries relating to the analysis and prevention of obesity in people, especially for females.
Hsa_circ_0000670 regulates cell growth, angiogenesis and glutamine metabolism of gastric cancer cells through miR-141-3p/ALKBH1 axis
Authors: Lu Jiajun , Zhou Yuan , Chen Zhiheng , Jiang Honggang , Li Jin , Dou Guangjian
Published: June 2022

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the four most deadly tumors in the world, and its occurrence is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. CircRNA-miRNA-mRNA is reported to be associated with variety cancer, including GC. Methods: The expression of hsa_circ_0000670, miR-141-3p and AlkB homolog 1 (ALKBH1) were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell proliferation and apoptosis were detected by 5-Ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay and flow cytometry. The protein expression levels were measured by western blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Tube forming experiment was performed to assess angiogenesis rate. The levels of glutamine and α-ketoglutaric acid (α-KG) were examined using commercial kits. The target interaction between miR-141-3p and circ_0000670 or ALKBH1 was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. The effect of circ_0000670 on tumor in vivo was analyzed in mice.Results: Circ_0000670 had a stable ring structure and was accelerated in GC tissues and cells. The proliferation of GC was hampered by circ_0000670 knockdown in vivo and in vitro, and the apoptosis rate was increased by circ_0000670 knockdown. Circ_0000670 down-regulation suppressed angiogenesis, the level of glutamine and α-KG in GC cells. The impacts of circ_0000670 knockdown on GC were relieved by miR-141-3p inhibition. The results indicated that circ_0000670 silencing could induce cell proliferation decline in GC, which was ameliorated by miR-141-3p knockdown. The functions of miR-141-3p mimic on cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, glutamine and α-KG were reversed by ALKBH1 up-regulation.Conclusion: Our findings revealed that circ_0000670 promoted GC progression though miR-141-3p and ALKBH1, suggesting that circ_0000670 might be a target for GC clinical treatment.
Correlation between Eye Movements and Asthenopia: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Liu Ziyuan , Zhang Kaiyun , Gao Shuang , Yang Jiarui , Qiu Weiqiang
Published: June 2022

Purpose: To analyze the correlation between eye movements and asthenopia so as to explore the possibility of using eye-tracking techniques for objective assessment of asthenopia.Methods: This prospective observational study used the computer visual syndrome questionnaire to assess the severity of asthenopia in 93 enrolled college students who complained about asthenopia. Binocular accommodation and eye movements during the reading task were also examined. The correlations between the questionnaire score and accommodation examination results and eye movements parameters were analyzed. Differences in eye movement parameters between the first and last reading paragraphs were compared. The trends in eye movement changes over time were observed. Results: About 81.7% subjects suffered from computer visual syndrome.The computer visual syndrome questionnaire total score was positively correlated with positive relative accommodation (P<.05). In the first reading paragraph, a double vision was positively correlated with the unknown saccades (all P<.05). Difficulty focusing at close range was positively correlated with total fixation duration, total visit duration, and reading speed (all P<.05). Feeling that sight was worsening was positively correlated with the regressive saccades (P<.05). However, visual impairment symptoms were not significantly correlated with any accommodative function. In a total of 20-minute reading, significantly reduced eye movement parameters were: total fixation duration, fixation count, total visit duration, visit count, fixation duration mean, and reading speed (all P<.01). The eye movement parameters that were significantly increased were: visit duration mean and unknown saccades (all P<.001).Conclusion: Eye tracking could be used as an effective assessment for asthenopia.
Erythritol alters gene transcriptome signatures, cell growth, and biofilm formation in Staphylococcus pseudintermedius
Authors: Fujii Tadashi , Tochio Takumi , Nishifuji Koji
Published: June 2022

· Background: Erythritol has recently been shown to have an inhibitory effect on the growth of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolated from dogs with superficial pyoderma. The present study aimed to define the changes in gene transcription signatures induced by erythritol in S. pseudintermedius. Changes in the gene transcription profiles of S. pseudintermedius by the presence of erythritol were analyzed by RNA sequencing and quantitative PCR. Gene ontology analysis was performed to assign functional descriptions to the genes.· Results: We revealed that erythritol induced up-regulation of three genes (ptsG, ppdK, and ppdkR) that are related to the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS). Glucose supplementation restored the up-regulation of the PTS-related genes in response to erythritol. In addition, erythritol down-regulated eleven genes that are located in a single pur-operon and inhibited biofilm formation.· Conclusions: These findings indicated that erythritol antagonistically inhibits PTS-mediated glucose uptake, thereby exerting a growth inhibitory effect on S. pseudintermedius. Moreover, erythritol inhibits the 'de novo' IMP biosynthetic pathway that may contribute to biofilm synthesis in S. pseudintermedius.
Effects and optimal dose of exercise on endothelial function in patients with heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Fuertes-Kenneally Laura , Manresa-Rocamora Agustín , Blasco-Peris Carles , Ribeiro Fernando , Sempere-Ruiz Noemí , Sarabia José Manuel , Climent-Paya Vicente
Published: June 2022

Background
Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is considered an effective treatment for enhancing endothelial function in patients with heart failure (HF). Nonetheless, recent studies have been published and the optimal “dose” of exercise required to increase the benefits of exercise-based CR programmes on endothelial function is still not well-known.
Objectives
(a) To estimate the effect of exercise-based CR on endothelial function, assessed by flow-mediated dilation (FMD); (b) to determine whether high-intensity interval training (HIIT) is better than moderate intensity training (MIT) for improving FMD; and (c) to investigate whether there are differences between resistance exercise (alone or combined with aerobic exercise) and aerobic exercise for enhancing endothelial function.
Methods
Electronic searchers were carried out in PubMed, Embase, and Scopus up to February 2022. Random-effects models of between-group mean differences were estimated. Heterogeneity analyses were performed by means of the chi-square test and I2 index. Subgroup analyses and meta-regressions were used to test the influence of potential moderator variables on the effect of exercise.
Results
Most of the included studies performed an aerobic-based CR programme in patients with HF and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). We found a FMD increase of 2.74% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.69, 3.79%) in favour of CR programmes compared with control groups. Nonetheless, the results of included studies were inconsistent (p < .001; I2 = 94.8%). Higher FMD improvement was found in studies performed with patients with HFrEF compared to patients with HF and preserved ejection fraction, reported radial FMD, or performed higher training frequency. Moreover, HIIT enhanced FMD to a greater extent than MIT (2.65% [95% CI = 0.98, 4.33%]), while no differences were found based on the exercise modality (1.97% [95% CI = − 0.64, 4.58%]).
Conclusion
Aerobic-based CR is a non-pharmacological treatment for enhancing endothelial function in patients with HFrEF. Nonetheless, training variables such as the aerobic training method (i.e., HIIT and MIT) and training frequency should be considered to properly design exercise-based CR programmes.
Registration:
The protocol was prospectively registered on the PROSPERO database (CRD42022304687).
Utilization of family planning services in Africa's most populous nation, are we at a tipping point
Authors: Orjingene Obinna , Teryila Ogojah
Published: June 2022

Background
Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa, with a population growth rate of 2.53 percent, one of the highest contributors to the global maternal and newborn deaths burden. Family planning service utilization has remained low despite efforts by development partners and the government. Hence, the need to examine the utilization of family planning services in order to understand regional preferences, trends, patterns, and utilization associated factors such as accessibility and availability of the services to the populace.
Methodology
Critical analysis regarding the utilization of family planning in Nigeria was used with source data from NDHS 2003, 2008, 2013, and 2018 and DHIS2. The analysis focused on the utilization of family planning services and most utilized family planning options.
Finding
Contraceptive use among women of reproductive age is generally higher in the northern region than in the southern region. A five-year trend in the utilization of family planning services by women of reproductive age is showed a slightly declining trend in the utilization of family planning services by women of reproductive age in the country. Injectables and implants were married women's most utilized family planning options. As reported by health facilities, utilization of family planning services in 2021 showed that condoms and implants were the most utilized family planning options.
Conclusion
The findings urge the need to intensify sensitization among the rural populace on the benefits of family planning, improve female literacy and empowerment, and make easily accessible family planning services and commodities.
Patient-Reported Outcomes in RA patients treated with tofacitinib or bDMARDs in real-life conditions in two Latin American countries
Authors: Manuel Reyes Juan , Gutierrez Magda , Madariaga Hugo , Escalante Willian Otero , Guzman Renato , Izquierdo Jorge , Abello Mauricio , Sanchez Patricia Velez , de Leon Dario Ponce , Lukic Tatjana , Amador Luisa
Published: June 2022

Objective
To describe the efficacy, safety and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with an inadequate response to conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (csDMARDs) treated with tofacitinib or biological DMARDs (bDMARDs) in real-life conditions.
Methods
A noninterventional study was performed between March 2017 and September 2019 at 13 sites in Colombia and Peru. Outcomes measured at baseline and at the 6-month follow-up were disease activity (RAPID3 [Routine Assessment of Patients Index Data] score), functional status (HAQ-DI [Health Assessment Questionnaire] score), and quality of life (EQ-5D-3L [EuroQol Questionnaire]). The Disease Activity Score-28 (DAS28-ESR) and frequency of adverse events (AEs) were also reported. Unadjusted and adjusted differences from baseline were estimated and expressed as the least squares mean difference (LMDs).
Results
Data from 100 patients treated with tofacitinib and 70 patients with bDMARDs were collected. At baseline, the patients’ mean age was 53.53 years (SD 13.77), the mean disease duration was 6.31 years (SD 7.01). The change from baseline at month 6 was not statistically significant different in the adjusted LMD [SE] for tofacitinib vs. bDMARDs for RAPID3 score (-2.55[0.30] vs. -2.52[0.26]), HAQ-DI score (-0.56[0.07] vs. -0.50[0.08]), EQ-5D-3L score (0.39[0.04] vs. 0.37[0.04]) and DAS28-ESR (-2.37[0.22] vs. -2.77[0.20]). Patients from both groups presented similar proportions of nonserious and serious AEs. No deaths were reported.
Conclusion
Changes from baseline were not statistically significant different between tofacitinib and bDMARDs in terms of RAPID3 scores and the secondary outcomes. Patients from both groups presented similar proportions of nonserious and serious AEs.
Clinical trial number:
NCT03073109
Multi Driven EDT Clustering for Wireless Chemical Sensor Network
Authors: John Abin , R Asaletha
Published: June 2022

WCSN is one of the most important research areas in the terrestrial networking field due to its wide range of applications. One of the most difficult challenges is expanding the overall running time without attaching any new batteries or hardware. Using a novel method called EDT (Energy, Distance, Time) driven strategy, this paper proposes a clustering algorithm to solve the problems of the hotspot as well as reduce battery energy loss. The CH rotation method was then described in detail. In this paper, will introduce a new function called SCH (Substitute cluster head), which has replaced CH. The main objectives of this research are to improve energy reliability and network lifetime. Finally, the presented EDT approach can be comparable to current algorithms, where LEACH's network lifetime is 15.4 %, DECSA's is 23.2 %, and NEAP's is 11.4 %, but our proposed EDT methodology extends network lifetime by 40% as well as decreases energy usage by 7% as compared to LEACH when determining the SCH.
A Hybrid Intrusion Detection System against Botnet Attack in IoT using Light Weight Signature and Ensemble Learning Technique
Authors: Babu Erukala Suresh , Srinivasa Mekala , Pemula Rambabu , Nayak Soumya Ranjan , Shankar Achyut
Published: June 2022

Internet of Things (IoT) plays a substantial role in the digital era of the information and intelligent Age. The use of interactive internet apps has opened up opportunities for increased threats to cyber security. Recently, botnets threats in IoT had become the most common cyber security threats. These threats provide malicious services and carry out phishing links on the internet. Consequently, an efficient intrusion detection system (IDS) is needed to detect these botnet attacks and unknown attacks with a low false-positive rate. Existing IDS methods detect these new attacks but require a high-precision detector. Most of the existing IDS uses either single machine learning or multiple classifiers that fail to detect unknown attacks and produce a high false-positive rate. This paper proposes a hybrid-based IDS that solves and detects unknown and novel attacks with low false-positive rates, better accuracy levels, and detection rates. This proposed work is deployed using two IDS methods in a two-staged manner. First, we modelled a Signature-Based Detector against DDOS attack for providing a better detection rate, early detection of known and low false-positive rates. Next, we modelled an Anomaly-Based Detector against DDOS attacks to achieve low false alarm rates, improved accuracy levels, and detected botnet and unknown attacks using the Machine Learning-based ensemble technique. Finally, we evaluated the performance using the confusion matrix on the classified data. We assessed the classifier performance based on detection rate, precision, accuracy, AUC score, and false-positive rates. The proposed hybrid technique provides a lower false-positive rate and better detection rate than the proposed model's classification technique.
Factors Associated with Happiness in Rural Older Adults: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Arias-Monsalve Ana María , Arias-Valencia Samuel , Rubio-León Diana Carolina , Aguirre-Acevedo Daniel Camilo , Rengifo Rengifo Lisbeth , Estrada Cortes Jesús Andrés , Paredes-Arturo Yenny Vicky
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Aging is a phenomenon that has increased worldwide as a result of a higher life expectancy, evidencing situations typical of this stage, which can impact the happiness of individuals, who deserve attention and approach from mental health and public health. Objective: To explore the association between sociodemographic characteristics, medical history and symptoms, emotional state, social support, cognitive performance, and functional dependence, in relation to happiness in older adults in a rural area of ​ Túquerres, Nariño. Method: Cross-sectional study of association. Results: There were 252 records in total, corresponding to the data of rural older adults. A multivariate linear regression was performed, finding an association with happiness in the variables of age (βa = 0.41; CI95% 0.09–0.73), socioeconomic level (βa = -0.22; C95% -0.58 – 0, 13), education level (βa = 0.41; 95% CI -0.68 – 1.49), occupation (βa = 0.59; 95% CI -0.48 – 1.67), having chronic disease (βa = 0.42; 95% CI 0.12–0.73), breathing difficulties (βa = -0.25; 95% CI -0.51–0.02), joint pain (βa = 0, 55; 95% CI 0.26 – 0.83), depression symptoms (βa = -0.21; 95% CI -0.48 – 0.06]) or anxiety (βa = 0.40; 95% CI 0 .72 – 0.07), and social support (βa = -0.27; CI95% -0.52 – -0.02). Discussion: this population has unfavorable socioeconomic and health conditions that impact their perception of happiness. Conclusion: happiness is a multicausal phenomenon that in older adults is part of the result of the interaction of variables and historical decisions at a political, economic, and social level.
Situación laboral y caracterización de competencias de los egresados. Facultad de Ingenierías Universidad San Buenaventura Medellín
Authors: Londoño Lopez Luis Fernando , Blandon Olga maria , Marquez Carlos alberto , Gonzalez Palacio Enoc Valentin
Published: June 2022

En la presente investigación se realizó la aplicación de una encuesta a 142 egresados de la facultad de ingenierías de la universidad de San Buenaventura Medellín, de los programas académicos de pre y posgrados, con el objetivo de determinar la situación laboral de los egresados. Para el estudio se utilizó se aplicación de una encuesta a 142 egresados. La encuesta fue diseñada en la plataforma SurveyMonkey y las preguntas fueron validadas por expertos, la información fue tabulada a través de Excel y analizada en el software SPSS mediante estadística descriptiva. Los resultados mostraron que el egresado tiene una adecuada situación laboral situación laboral y se mantienen vinculados a la vida institucional USB por diferentes actividades ofertadas por la Universidad, entre ellas bolsas de empleo, conferencias.
Adoption of innovative mobile payment technologies in Indonesia: The role of attitude
Authors: Josua Sembiring Murpin , Wibowo Wahyudi , Citra Dewi Grace
Published: June 2022

Financial service industries have experienced dynamic technological innovation. The research objective of this paper is to identify factors influencing the intentions of potential users to adopt the newly launched innovative mobile payment applications. This study proposes a theoretical framework based on the technology acceptance model (TAM). One hundred sixty-nine respondents were involved in this investigation, and the data were gathered using an online survey. The collected data were analyzed using the SEM technique. The findings reveal that users’ attitude has an essential role in mediating the impact of the benefit and trust on the intention to adopt a mobile payment technology. This study also shows different results from the previous studies regarding user perceptions of attitudes. The ease of use of innovative digital applications does not significantly affect attitudes.Furthermore, an attitude positively impacts users’ intention to adopt innovative mobile payment applications. Therefore, user attitudes have an essential role in communicating the impact of the benefits derived from the intention to adopt an innovative mobile payment application. This study proves that innovative digital application providers need to pay attention to strategies for promoting their services. It is also vital for the providers to include the trust component in their service.
The relationship between the short-term and long-term Phillips curve for the Czech Republic
Authors: Wang Lu , Vochozka Marek , Rousek Pavel
Published: June 2022

Inflation in Czech Republic in 2021 significantly deviated from the tolerance band. Although the economic results are lagging behind expectations, inflationary pressures, mainly from abroad, are still intensifying. At the same time, the rapid rise in consumer prices affects not only households and consumers, but also business and companies. As is known, a very important tool for understanding inflation is the Phillips curve, which shows the relationship between two variables, the first one is inflation and the second one is unemployment. The aim of this paper is to research the relationship between the short-term Philips curves and long-term Phillips curves for the Czech Republic. For this purpose, data on the inflation rate and unemployment rate between 1993 and 2018 were contrasted based on data published by the Czech Statistical Office. The short-term Phillips curve was assumed under adaptive expectation conditions, whereby a regression analysis was undertaken using SPSS statistical software to determine suitable values for the corresponding parameters. In addition, and in accordance with the trend figure and data description figure for both the unemployment rate variable and inflation rate variable, the basis for the development of the long-term Phillips curve is described. Subsequently, it is concluded that a mutually substitutive relationship exists with regards to the short-term and that the long-term is an irregular circular curve that moves in a clockwise direction.
High-frequency volatility connectedness and time-frequency correlation among Chinese stock and major commodity markets around COVID-19
Authors: Zeng Hongjun , Lu Ran
Published: June 2022

This study examines the connectedness and time-frequency correlation of price volatility across the Chinese stock market and major commodity markets. This paper applies a DCC-GARCH-based volatility connectedness model and the cross-wavelet transform to examine the transmission of risk patterns in these markets before and during the COVID-19 outbreak, as well as the leading lag relationship and synergistic movements between different time domains. First, the findings of the DCC-GARCH connectedness model show dynamic total spillovers are stronger after the COVID-19 outbreak. Chinese stocks and corn have been net spillovers in the system throughout the sample period, but the Chinese market plays the role of a net receiver of volatility relative to other markets (net pairwise directional connectedness) in the system as a whole. In terms of wavelet results, there is some connection to the connectedness results, with all commodity markets, except soybeans and wheat, showing significant dependence on Chinese equities in the medium/long term following the COVID-19 outbreak. Secondly, the medium-to long-term frequency of the crude oil market and copper market are highly dependent on the Chinese stock market, especially after the COVID-19 outbreak. Meanwhile, the copper market is the main source of risk for the Chinese stock market, while the wheat market sends the least shocks to the Chinese stock market. The findings of this paper will have a direct impact on a number of important decisions made by investors and policymakers.
Spontaneous Rupture of Renal Cell Carcinoma in Pregnancy: A Case Report
Authors: Zakieldahshoury Mohamed , A. Gad Hassaan , Ahmed Salah
Published: June 2022

Renal cell carcinoma is the most common type of malignancy in pregnancy. Rupture of renal cell carcinoma is not uncommon. The diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma is often delayed as the clinical presentation might resemble other pregnancy-related disorders or asymptomatic in most cases and a complete ultrasonographic examination of the abdomen is not a part of the routine obstetric evaluation. We report a rare case with spontaneous rupture of renal cell carcinoma in 20 years old in full-term pregnancy primigravida presented by hypertensive disorder and severe abdominal pain with massive retro peritoneum collection, radical nephrectomy was done and the patient life was saved.
An acute gastroenteritis outbreak associated with a contaminated water supply system, Turkey, 2018
Authors: Özgüler Zeynep Özge , Priyakanta Nayak , Coban Serap Cetin , Sezerol Mehmet Akif , Shaikh Irshad Ali , Temel Fehminaz
Published: June 2022

Disruption of routine monitorization and chlorination of the water supply system during a week-long holiday led to a multi-organism gastroenteritis outbreak in a district with limited laboratory support. More than a 10-fold increase in patients with gastroenteritis was reported. Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli, Enteroaggregative E. coli, and norovirus were detected in human specimen samples. The main water tank and pipes were rusted; 13 out of the 19 water samples tested positive for total Coliform (1–920 colony-forming units (CFU)/100 ml) and E. coli (1–720 CFU/100 ml). Chlorine levels were below 0.2 ppm in seven of the nine samples. Information of 1,815 cases was obtained from the hospital records with a crude attack rate of 2.9%. Cases widespread in the district increased throughout the holiday, epidemic curve revealed a point-source outbreak. The case–control study revealed that consumption of drinking tap water and using it to clean vegetables/fruits were significantly associated with the illness. While drinking only bottled water had a protective effect against the illness. The culture technique showed that the water supply samples were positive for pathogenic bacteria. Upon decision in a multi-stakeholder meeting, the water tank was cleaned, and the Municipality initiated the renovation of the water supply system.
In Silico Screening of Some Anti-Cancer Drugs Against the Main Protease of COVID-19 Using Molecular Docking
Authors: Ramazani Ali , Ouni Leila
Published: June 2022

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has led to major worldwide health concerns. Design and detection of effective drugs and adjuvant therapies to treat COVID-19 disease in the shortest possible time have become one of the most critical global challenges. In this study, we investigated the effect of some anticancer drugs against the COVID-19 main protease (Mpro/3CLpro) to detect an effective treatment, using a molecular docking approach as a fast and cost-effective method. Accordingly, 44 anticancer drugs were selected as a target for the virtual screening. The molecular docking study was carried out using AutoDock Tools (ADT), AutoDock Vina, Discovery Studio, and Open Babel software. Tucatinib, selinexor, irinotecan, olaparib, dacomitinib, lapatinib, ibrutinib, and pazopanib were ranked top as COVID-19 inhibitors with the respective binding energy of -10.1, -9.4, -9.2, -8.9, -8.7, -8.7, -8.6, and -8.5 kcal/mol. Among the drugs tested, tucatinib displayed the highest binding affinity and strong interactions with the active site of COVID-19 3CLpro (-10.1 kcal/mol). Pharmacokinetics properties and drug-likeness of the top 8 selected anticancer drugs were evaluated. The results showed that these drugs could be utilized as potential inhibitors against the main protease of COVID-19, which can help control the spread of this disease. However, in vitro, in vivo studies, and clinical trials will help evaluate the efficacy of these drugs against COVID-19.
Fluoropropanoic Acid Compound Revealed as Novel Macrophage Migration
Inhibitory Factor (MIF) Inhibitor through Virtual Screening and Molecular
Dynamics (MD) Simulation
Authors: Turjya Rafeed Rahman , Khan Md. Abdullah-Al-Kamran , Khademul Islam Abul Bashar Mir Md.
Published: June 2022

Introduction:

Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF), a cytokine that signals for inflammatory
response, has been implicated in multiple inflammatory disorders, including RA. Inhibition of
MIF activity by anti-MIF inhibitors can lead to improved prognosis and increased quality of life. Development
of a medically viable MIF inhibitor has been pursued without success, and no inhibitor that binds
to MIF active site has been approved as a drug. Current treatments of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), an
inflammatory disorder driven by an autoimmune response, target pain management and control of progression,
but the risk of toxicity and increased side effects lead to limited success.

Methods:

Our goal was to search for drug-like lead compounds that bind more potently to MIF active
sites than current inhibitors. We selected ten classes of chemical compounds that have previously shown
in vitro MIF inhibitory activity and screened ~47,000 compounds belonging to these classes through virtual
docking, alongside ~900,000 compounds from ZINC and TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine) databases.
The ligands with the higher energy of binding than current inhibitors were analyzed for ADMET
profiles and drug-likeness properties.

Results:

In total, 75 ligands showed binding energies higher than the threshold of -7.5 kcal/mol, and 5
lead compounds were identified with suitable pharmacokinetic profiles and drug-like characteristics.
Among them, molecular dynamics simulation showed a stable ligand-protein complex for 3-[3-fluoro-4-
(trifluoromethyl)phenyl] propanoic acid.

Conclusion:

With the identification of this lead compound, new opportunities can be sought in the pursuit
of a novel treatment for Rheumatoid Arthritis.
HLA-DRB1 Polymorphisms and Rheumatologic Manifestations in Chronic Hepatitis C
Authors: Ferrasi Adriana Camargo , Medolago Natália Bronzatto , da Rocha Oswaldo Melo , de Moura Campos Pardini Maria Inês , Tommasini Grotto Rejane Maria , Silva Giovanni Faria
Published: June 2022

Background/Aims:

Hepatitis C has been associated with rheumatologic manifestations
(HCV-related RM). Clinically, HCV-related RM may be indistinguishable from the symptoms that
occur in diffuse connective tissue diseases (DCTD-related RM), making the differential diagnosis
difficult. Host genetic factors, such as the Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA) polymorphisms were
associated with HCV infection, however, there are no studies that discriminate between HCVrelated
RM and DCTD-related RM. This study focused on verifying associations between HLADRB1
and RM in patients with chronic hepatitis C, aiming to distinguish between DCTD-related
RM and HCV-related RM.

Methods:

The participants were 152 individuals, of both sexes, aged between 18 and 80 years, and
affected by chronic hepatitis C. The patients underwent rheumatologic physical examination and
HLA-class II (HLA-DRB1) typing was performed by PCR-SSO (Polymerase Chain Reactionsequence
Specific Oligonucleotides).

Results:

A significant number of patients with rheumatologic complaints (73%) not attributed to
other causes was observed. DRB1*08 allele seems to confer protection against RM in chronic hepatitis
C. There is no susceptibility association between HLA-DRB1 alleles and RM.

Conclusions:

The absence of association between HLA-DRB1 and the rheumatologic manifestations
studied suggests that the pathophysiological pathways of DCTD-related RM and HCV-related RM
are distinct.
The Effect of Hyperemesis Gravidarum on Acceptance of Pregnancy and
Quality of Life: A Comparative Study
Authors: Tahta Tuğba , Yilmaz Figen ALP
Published: June 2022

Objective:

This study was conducted to determine the effect of hyperemesis gravidarum diagnosis in pregnant women on their acceptance of pregnancy and quality of life.

Methods:

This case-control study was conducted with 375 pregnancy 175 diagnosed with hyperemesis gravidarum [case group], 200 pregnant women with healthy pregnancy [control group], between July 2018 and February 2019, in Turkey. Data were collected with the Personal Information Form, World Health Organization’s Quality of Life Questionnaire Brief Version was used to ascertain quality of life and to determine adaptation to pregnancy, the “Prenatal Self-Evaluation Scale” was applied. Only the “Acceptance of Pregnancy” subdimensions were included in the study.

Results:

Pregnancy acceptance was found to be significantly lower in pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum than in healthy pregnant women. The quality of life levels of the pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum were found to be lower than those in the healthy pregnant women.

Conclusion:

Quality of life is affected by hyperemesis gravidarum. In addition, low quality of life and hyperemesis gravidarum negatively affect the acceptance of pregnancy. This result highlights the fact that healthcare professionals should develop a strategy to improve the quality of life of women with hyperemesis and help them to accept their pregnancy.
Structural and Colloid Effects of Interaction between Shungite Carbon Nanoparticles and Linoleic Fatty Acid
Authors: Goryunov А. S. , Borisova А. G. , Rozhkov S. S. , Rozhkova N. N.
Published: June 2022

Background:

The effect of bionanointeractions on graphene-biomolecule nanohybrids
is of great interest, since external influences on their structural and surface properties can
significantly affect their biological activity.

Introduction:

The effects of the fatty acid binding with shungite carbon (ShC) nanoparticles on
the stability of aqueous dispersions of ShC and the oxidation state of ShC (oxygen-containing
groups) were studied using linoleic acid (LA) as an example.

Method:

The size and surface charge (ζ -potential) of the ShC-LA associates formed at various
LA concentrations in the dispersion were estimated using the dynamic light scattering method
and the ultraviolet (UV) absorption spectra of dispersions were taken.

Result:

The negative ShC charge becomes less negative upon LA binding, depending on LA
concentration. The size of ShC upon functionalization by LA molecules does not depend on LA
concentration, suggesting the predominance of surface rearrangement of NPs, rather than a
change in their global structure. ShC - LA interaction is accompanied by an increase in absorption
in the UV spectrum region of conjugated С=С bonds, the reduction of С=О groups, sp2 hybridization
and bonds in the plane of graphene fragments, the basic structural units of ShC.

Conclusion:

The results are interpreted in terms of the surface structural effects of LA on ShC
that affect variations of the colloid and redox characteristics of ShC in aqueous dispersion.