bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Práticas de educação popular em saúde na atenção primária: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Pinheiro Bruna Cardoso , Bittar Cléria Maria Lobo
Published: October 2016

Objetivo: analisar práticas e ações de educação popular em saúde desenvolvidas no âmbito da atenção primária à saúde brasileira e de que forma estas práticas se coadunam com os princípios e eixos estratégicos propostos pela Política Nacional de Educação Popular em Saúde. Método: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, sobre práticas e ações de educação popular em saúde no âmbito da atenção primária e como estas se coadunam com os princípios propostos pela Política Nacional de Educação Popular em Saúde (PNEPS-SUS). A busca foi realizada nas bases de dados da Literatura Latino-Americana do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e da Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). Foram selecionados 8 estudos. Resultados: a partir da análise do conteúdo, emergiram as categorias temáticas “Caracterização das práticas e ações de Educação Popular em Saúde na Atenção Primária”, “Estratégias e recursos adotados no desenvolvimento das práticas”, “As práticas de Educação Popular em Saúde e a Política Nacional de Educação Popular em Saúde (PNEPS-SUS)” e “Entraves e desafios à sistematização e ampliação das propostas de Educação Popular em Saúde”. Foram observados diferentes níveis de articulação das práticas e ações de educação popular em saúde, a partir dos princípios e eixos estratégicos da PNEPS, no que se refere à participação popular, aumento do controle sociale da gestão participativa. Considerações finais: conclui-se que, para que a PNEPS seja efetivamente implementada é necessário formar recursos humanos sob essa nova lógica, assim como avaliar as práticas que vem sendo desenvolvidas sob a metodologia da educação popular.
Concepções de gestantes sobre o pré-natal realizado por profissional do programa Mais Médicos
Authors: Guimarães Carine Amabile , Soares Narciso Vieira , Dorneles Juliane Pereira , Kreuning Eduarda Batista
Published: October 2016

Objetivo: identificar as concepções de gestantes sobre o pré-natal, realizado pelos médicos do Programa Mais Médicos, em uma UBS. Método: trata-se de uma pesquisa de caráter exploratório com uma abordagem qualitativa. Participaram do estudo 14 gestantes atendidas pelo SUS. Para a coleta de dados, utilizou-se a entrevista individual com um questionário norteador com questões abertas e fechadas, sendo realizadas na sala de consulta de enfermagem da Unidade Básica de Saúde, no período de junho e julho de 2016. Os dados foram analisados por meio da análise temática. Resultados: na análise dos dados elencaram-se as categorias “Concepções sobre o atendimento recebido pelos profissionais do Programa Mais Médicos na realização do pré-natal”; “A escuta qualificada, o acolhimento e o vínculo como diferencial na atenção ao pré-natal na UBS”. Considerações finais: o estudo evidenciou que o atendimento realizado pelos profissionais do PMM alicerçam-se nos princípios do SUS, em que o acolhimento e o vínculo

são priorizados e a escuta qualificada representa um diferencial na interação profissional usuária.
Solidariedade intergeracional: perspectivas e representações
Authors: Cabral Maria Da Luz Leite , Macuch Regiane Da Silva
Published: October 2016

As mudanças demográficas, o envelhecimento populacional e a complexidade dos fenômenos sociais na contemporaneidade anunciam o distanciamento entre diferentes grupos etários. Objetivo: descristalizar preconceitos face à idade (idadismo) na sensibilização de maior solidariedade e convivências/interações entre gerações. Método: no percurso da intervenção comunitária, para entender o impacto de um Encontro no âmbito do Ano Europeu do Envelhecimento Ativo e Solidariedade entre Gerações (AEEASE), validado a partir de quatro grupos (2 grupos de idosas e 2 grupos de jovens) num total de 100 intervenientes. A amostra foi constituída por dois grupos de 25 pessoas idosas; um que participou no encontro e outro que não participou e outros dois grupos de 25 jovens distribuídos de igual modo; todos da região do Porto, Portugal. Neste artigo, pretende-se refletir sobre a pertinência destes encontros na promoção da educação intergeracional impulsionadora de solidariedades e cidadania participativa. Partiu-se da aplicação de um questionário aos participantes e não participantes do Encontro. Resultados: os dados sugerem menor concordância no item do suicídio entre aqueles que participaram no encontro e proporcionalmente níveis mais elevados de concordância no item do idadismo. É de salientar o item do preconceito, em relação aos jovens, expresso no grupo das pessoas idosas, entusiasmado pela forma eloquente como a Coordenadora do encontro AEEASE falou a favor das pessoas idosas. Considerações finais: em suma, particularmente para as pessoas idosas, esta intervenção terá de ser alargada e sustentada no tempo e baseada no diálogo simétrico, para contribuir na desconstrução de estereótipos em relação aos jovens.
Complex Needs or Simplistic Approaches? Homelessness Services and People with Complex Needs in Edinburgh
Authors: Macias Balda Manuel
Published: October 2016

This research addresses how homelessness services from the statutory and voluntary sector are working for people with complex needs in the City of Edinburgh. Using a qualitative approach, it analyses the service providers’ perspectives on the concept, challenges and what works when dealing with this group of people. It also explores the opinions of a sample of service users, categorised as having complex needs, regarding the accommodation and support they are receiving. After analysing the data, it is argued that homelessness agencies do not have an appropriate cognitive nor institutional framework that facilitates an effective approach to work with people with complex needs. The lack of a sophisticated understanding that recognises the relational difficulties of individuals and the presence of structural, organisational, professional and interpersonal barriers hinder the development of positive long-term relationships which is considered as the key factor of change. For this reason, it is recommended to address a set of factors that go beyond simplistic and linear approaches and move towards complex responses in order to tackle homelessness from a broader perspective and, ultimately, achieve social inclusion.
The Prevalence of Rough Sleeping and Sofa Surfing Amongst Young People in the UK
Authors: Clarke Anna
Published: October 2016

Whilst data on statutory homelessness is well recorded in the UK, there is a lack of data on informal homelessness (such as ‘sofa surfing’) and rough sleeping, other than that which relies on partial information and street counts. This paper presents findings from a recent online survey of young people and helps to fill this gap. It found that rates of sofa surfing and rough sleeping among young people were much higher than previously thought. Twenty-six percent of young people (aged 16–25) had slept rough at some point in their life and 35 percent had ‘sofa surfed’ (stayed with friends or family on their floor or sofa because they had nowhere else to go). The paper explores the implications of this for how we conceptualise homelessness. It suggests that homelessness may often be neither cause nor consequence of wider forms of exclusion, but that we may need to explore further the factors that enable some people to move swiftly out of homelessness more easily than others.
Preventing, Reducing and Ending LGBTQ2S Youth Homelessness: The Need for Targeted Strategies
Authors: Abramovich Alex
Published: October 2016

Gender non-conforming and sexual minority youth are overrepresented in the homeless youth population and are frequently discriminated against in shelters and youth serving organizations. This paper provides a contextual understanding of the ways that institutional and governmental policies and standards often perpetuate the social exclusion of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and 2-Spirit (LGBTQ2S) youth, by further oppression and marginalization. Factors, including institutional erasure, homophobic and transphobic violence, and discrimination that is rarely dealt with, addressed, or even noticed by shelter workers, make it especially difficult for LGBTQ2S youth experiencing homelessness to access support services, resulting in a situation where they feel safer on the streets than in shelters and housing programs. This paper draws on data from a qualitative Critical Action Research study that investigated the experiences of a group of LGBTQ2S homeless youth and the perspectives of staff in shelters through one-on-one interviews in Toronto, Canada. One of the main recommendations of the study included the need for governmental policy to address LGBTQ2S youth homelessness. A case study is shared to illustrate how the Government of Alberta has put this recommendation into practice by prioritizing LGBTQ2S youth homelessness in their provincial plan to end youth homelessness. The case study draws on informal and formal data, including group activities, questions, and surveys that were collected during a symposium on LGBTQ2S youth homelessness. This paper provides an overview of a current political, social justice, and public health concern, and contributes knowledge to an under researched field of study by highlighting concrete ways to prevent, reduce, and end LGBTQ2S youth homelessness.
Some issues of professional orientation of adolescents and adults with autism spectrum disorders
Authors: Morozov S.A. , Morozova T.I. , Belyavskiy B.V.
Published: October 2016

For the last 3—4 years, the development of a comprehensive system of support for people with autism spectrum disor¬ders in Russia has been accelerating. It is most evident in dealing with the issues of early assessment and intervention as well as elementary stage of education. However, the most problematic stage of autistic person’s life begins after school age, around 18—21 years, and the general estimations of support effectiveness on the previous stages are mostly determined by the quality of life of an adult with autism spectrum disorder. An important aspect of such estimation is a professional activity — the most important factor of socio-economic wellbeing of an individual and their family, society and state. The authors’ of the article have more than 30 years of experience in autism intervention, which show that the success of, for example, school education is largely defined by properly organized preschool support. All the same, the important factor of professional success of an adult with autism lies within the professional orientation, but despite the obvious importance of this process there is a distinct lack of research about it. The purpose of this work is to generalize the authors’ experience and different experience in the field of professional orientation of adolescents and adults with autism spectrum disorders and to formulate some recommendations useful for practical work.
Factors influencing decision making among ENT surgeons on performance of cortical mastoidectomy for CSOM-tubotympanic disease in quiescent/active stage: an opinion based study
Authors: Gayathri H. , Balachandran Krishnamurthy , Rathnasamy Ponnan , Paul Christina Mary
Published: October 2016

Background: As the role of cortical mastoidectomy as an adjunct to tympanoplasty in the management of CSOM tubotympanic type - quiescent stage remains controversial even today; we intend to study the factors that influence the decision of ENT surgeons on whether or not to perform cortical mastoidectomy in patients with CSOM (chronic suppurative otitis media) - active or quiescent ear.

Methods: During May to August 2016, 60 ENT surgeons within Chennai were asked to answer a pre-framed questionnaire on CSOM based on their personal surgical experience. The answers were collected by direct questionnaire method and the data subjected to appropriate statistical analysis.

Results: 65% surgeons expected a minimum dry ear period of ≤30 days before considering tympanoplasty alone (group 1) and the rest 35% members expected more than 30 days of dry ear period (group 2). Surgeons ≤40 years of age expected lesser duration of dry ear period prior to consideration of tympanoplasty alone (p =0.016). Group 2 surgeons performed cortical mastoidectomy in more number of cases (>50%) when compared to group 1 surgeons (p =0.03) for patients who presented first to them with a wet ear. There was a mixed opinion among surgeons within group 1 itself on whether or not they would do cortical mastoidectomy when they encountered patients who had congested remnant tympanic membrane, congested middle ear mucosa, myringosclerosis, ossicular chain discontinuity, sclerotic mastoids or treated septic foci in spite of the ear being dry for a month.

Conclusions: Though many surgeons consider that 30 days of dry ear period is sufficient to consider tympanoplasty alone, there is a division of opinion among themselves while facing specific clinical scenarios.
A Biologia na Pedagogia da Alternância: perspectivas e desafios de uma ciência natural integrada a Casa Familiar Rural de Altamira-Pará
Authors: Portugal Jessica Feiteiro , Da Silva Francidalva Gomes , Trevisan Inês
Published: October 2016

Este estudo ocorreu na Casa Familiar Rural (CFR) de Altamira (PA) e tomou como base o Projeto Político Pedagógico (PPP), documentos e depoimentos dos jovens agricultores e monitor de Biologia, com o propósito de compreender que perspectivas e desafios a pedagogia da alternância desenvolvida pela CFR/Altamira possibilita ao ensino da Biologia considerando as metodologias de ensino/aprendizagem utilizadas pelo monitor no decorrer do regime por alternância e quais abordagens do ensino de biologia estão presentes na realidade dos jovens agricultores. Para a obtenção dos dados utilizou-se da abordagem qualitativa. Os resultados mostram que trabalhar uma Ciência Natural como a biologia em regime por alternância exige que o monitor supere a perspectiva educacional urbana e academicista para promover um ensino que envolva Ciência Tecnologia e Sociedade (CTS) e auxilie o alternante na interpretação das linguagens macroscópicas, simbólicas e microscópicas, tornando assim os conteúdos socialmente significativos.
Projetos “ZN:PRDM (Zona Neutra: Passa um Rio Dentro de Mim)” e “Caixa dos Horizontes Possíveis”, do Grupo Poéticas Digitais
Authors: Prado Gilberto
Published: October 2016

O Grupo Poéticas Digitais foi criado em 2002 no Departamento de Artes Plásticas da ECA-USP com a intenção de gerar um núcleo multidisciplinar, promovendo o desenvolvimento de projetos experimentais e a reflexão sobre o impacto das novas tecnologias no campo das artes. O Grupo é um desdobramento do projeto wAwRwT iniciado em 1995 por Gilbertto Prado e tem como participantes artistas, pesquisadores e estudantes. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar alguns projetos artísticos recentes do grupo: “ZN:PRDM (Zona Neutra: Passa um Rio Dentro de Mim)” de 2013, bem como “Caixa dos Horizontes Possíveis” de 2014.
Meditação devaneante entre o rio e a floresta
Authors: Paes Loureiro João de Jesus
Published: October 2016

Este texto aborda o homem ribeirinho e rural da Amazônia que vive, no campo operacional da realidade prática, a lógica alegórica do mito. Este homem promove a conversão estetizante da realidade em signos, e revela sua singular relação com a natureza, que se reflete e ilumina miticamente a cultura. Gaston Bachelard, Roland Barthes, Walter Benjamin, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Gilbert Durand, Umberto Eco, Félix Guattari, Susanne Langer e Paul Zunthor são os autores convidados a mediar a meditação devaneante sobre esse homem – caboclo amazônida – que no incessante trabalho da imaginação inventa a sua “mitogonia”.
Matiz II para violino, violoncelo e piano (2013)
Authors: Lima Rodrigo
Published: October 2016

“O vento experimenta o que irá fazer com sua liberdade...”1 Deixei-me guiar por este sugestivo Hai-kai de Guimarães Rosa durante o processo composicional de “Matiz II” para violino, violoncelo e piano. Passei a conceber a música não apenas com os materiais definidos inicialmente, mas, sobretudo com liberdade para incorporar as estruturas que fui encontrando durante a composição. O ato de compor é um ato de descoberta. Perceber essas estruturas é a parte do jogo onde os materiais não são vistos como entidades fixas, mas como uma espécie de paleta de cores que o pintor transfigura na tela, misturando, sobrepondo e reconfigurando a todo o momento. Há no processo uma constante necessidade de interpretar os materiais, pois acredito que há neles uma força natural intrínseca, uma plasticidade imensurável, e um dos papeis do compositor é revelar exatamente isso. É a partir dessa imersão, num processo artesanal, que os matizes foram se materializando no curso temporal da obra. Sua narrativa buscou estabelecer uma dinâmica entre momentos de muita mobilidade e pouca mobilidade sonora, um jogo de construção e desconstrução de movimento. A obra faz parte de um ciclo de peças iniciado em 2010 que contempla solos, duos e trios. “Matiz II” foi composto em 2013 especialmente para o álbum 3+2/SP do Epifania Piano Trio e lançado pelo selo Água Forte.
PPARG-LYPLAL1 Multi-Allelic Combination Associated with Obesity and Overweight in Mexican Adolescent Females
Authors: Hernández-Tobías Esther-Alhelí , Torres-Sánchez Luisa , Noris Gino , Santana Carla , Samano Maria Reyna , Arellano-Galindo José , Arenas-Sordo María de la Luz , Brooks Daniel , Rodríguez-Ventura Ana Lilia , Meraz-Ríos Marco Antonio , Gómez Rocío
Published: October 2016

Objective: We studied multi-loci variants to identify the contribution of six candidate genes (ADIPOQ, CDH13, LYPLAL1, MC4R, PPARG and PGC1A) in the development of obesity and overweight.

Design: We genotyped 404 chromosomes with eleven SNPs in Mexican female adoles­cents, who were subdivided into two groups (obesity-overweight and normal-weight) using the World Health Organization pa­rameters. Genomic (800 chromosomes) and ancestral (208 chromosomes) controls were included to reduce the population bias. Anthropometric measurements, biochemi­cal parameters, and caloric intake were obtained only in the groups of Mexican female adolescents.

Results: A positive genotype-phenotype association was found that involves the multi-allelic combination of three risk alleles (one in PPARG and two in LYPLAL1) with obesity and overweight (OR=3.1, P=.010). This combination also exhibited a signifi­cant association with waist circumference (P=.030) and triglycerides levels (P=.030). These associations were supported by a lo­gistic regression analysis adjusted for several confounding variables.

Conclusions: Our data suggest the joint participation of PPARG-LYPLAL1 genes in metabolic disorders development. Hence, these genes could act as potential bio­markers in obesity and overweight. Our findings underscore the complexity of metabolic disorders and provide evi­dence about the importance of multi-loci analysis to study complex diseases.

Ethn Dis. 2016;26(4):477-484; doi:10.18865/ ed.26.4.477
Dimensions of Racial Identity and Perceived Discrimination in Health Care
Authors: Stepanikova Irena , Oates Gabriela R.
Published: October 2016

Objective: Perceived discrimination is an important risk factor for minority health. Drawing from the scholarship on multi­dimensionality of race, this study exam­ines the relationships between perceived discrimination in health care and two dimensions of racial identity: self-identified race/ethnicity and perceived attributed race/ ethnicity (respondents’ perceptions of how they are racially classified by others).

Methods: We used Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data collected in 2004- 2013 and we specifically examined the data on perceived racial discrimination in health care during the past 12 months, perceived attributed race/ethnicity, and self-identified race/ethnicity.

Results: In models adjusting for sociode­mographic and other factors, both dimen­sions of racial/ethnic identity contributed independently to perceived discrimination in health care. After controlling for self-identified race/ethnicity, respondents who reported being classified as Black, Asian, Hispanic, and Native American had higher likelihood of perceived discrimination than respondents who reported being classified as White. Similarly, after taking perceived attributed race/ethnicity into account, self-identified Blacks, Native Americans, and multiracial respondents were more likely to report perceived discrimination than coun­terparts who self-identified as White. The model using only perceived attributed race/ ethnicity to predict perceived discrimination showed a superior fit with the data than the model using only self-identified race/ ethnicity.

Conclusion: Perceived attributed race/ ethnicity captures an aspect of racial/ethnic identity that is correlated, but not inter­changeable, with self-identified race/ethnic­ity and contributes uniquely to perceived discrimination in health care. Applying the concept of multidimensionality of race/ ethnicity to health disparities research may reveal understudied mechanisms linking race/ethnicity to health risks.

Ethn Dis. 2016;26(4):501-512; doi:10.18865/ ed.26.4.501
Protection from Cardiovascular Disease Due to Increased High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in African Black Populations: Myth or Reality?
Authors: Woudberg Nicholas J. , Goedecke Julia H. , Lecour Sandrine
Published: October 2016

 

The burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in sub-Saharan Africa has increased over the last decade. Despite this, African Black populations present with relatively low inci­dences of coronary heart disease and isch­emic heart disease, which may be attributed to their lower total cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol con­centrations, compared with White popula­tions. Commensurate with these lower lipid levels, it was believed that high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentra­tions would be higher in Black populations compared with their White counterparts. This is based on data from previous studies of African and African American popula­tions; however, recent studies conducted in Africa found similar or lower HDL-C con­centrations in Black compared with White individuals. Current research, therefore, suggests that HDL-C may not be a good indicator of cardiovascular risk and future research should focus on HDL quality (vs quantity), by measuring HDL functionality and subclass.

Ethn Dis.2016;26(4):553-560; doi:10.18865/ed.26.4.553
Overcoming the Bradyon–Tachyon Barrier
Authors: Nanni Luca
Published: October 2016

In this study, the problem of overcoming the infinite energy barrier separating the bradyonic and tachyonic realms is investigated. Making use of the Majorana equation for particles with arbitrary spin and the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, it is proved that, under certain conditions of spatial confinement, quantum fluctuations allow particles with very small mass and velocity close to the speed of light to pass in the tachyonic realm, avoiding the problem of the infinite barrier (bradyon–tachyon tunnelling). This theoretical approach allows an avoidance of the difficulties encountered in quantum field theory when it is extended to particles with imaginary rest mass.
Development of Six-DOF Human Ankle Motion Control Device Using Stewart Platform Structure for Fall Prevention
Authors: Nomura Kenta ,   Tokyo University of Science, Yonezawa Teru , Takemura Hiroshi , Mizoguchi Hiroshi
Published: October 2016

[abstFig src='/00280005/06.jpg' width='300' text='Developed device' ] According to a worldwide WHO survey, about one-third of people at the age of 65 or older experience at least one fall a year, which may result in a severe injury. Meanwhile, the population of the developed world is increasingly aging, and fall incidents can be therefore considered as a global problem. The causes of falls include the weakening of the tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius muscles that respectively play important roles in the dorsal and plantar flexion of the foot, and deterioration of the functions necessary to recover balance from perturbations during gait. Such dysfunctions are treated with rehabilitation provided by physical therapists and with special gait training in which the patient is subjected to perturbations. Although devices for rehabilitation and gait training have been developed, they are problematic since they only allow the ankle joint to move at a low number of degrees of freedom (DOF). In this study, we developed an ankle foot orthosis to provide six-DOF control of the ankle joint using a parallel link mechanism known as a Stewart platform. The Stewart platform construction makes it possible to provide six-DOF control. Since the ankle foot orthosis can be applied to walking, it can assist walking or gait training. In one of our prior studies, we proposed a force control method for the device, and verified its accuracy. In the present study, we improved the attachment method and introduced a pressure sensor to the previous version of the device to allow implementation of a new method that enables control adapted to the human gait. In addition, we conducted four experiments to verify whether it is possible to reproduce the physical therapist’s rehabilitation manipulations without limiting the ankle joint’s DOF, provide arbitrary walking assist action, and impart perturbations to the subject during gait. The first experiment verified the device’s accuracy in reproducing motion, the second confirmed the dispersion of the reproduced motion, the third assessed the walking-assist performance to prevent trips, and the fourth ascertained whether it is possible to make the subject lose balance by the imparted perturbation. The results demonstrated that the motions can be reproduced with high accuracy and with low dispersion and that the ankle joint motions can be controlled adaptively to fit the subject’s gait, suggesting the usefulness of the proposed device.
Adaptive Speed Control of Wheeled Mobile Robot on Uncertain Road Condition
Authors: Terada Kyosuke ,   Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aichi Institute of Technology, Miura Hiroyasu , Okugawa Masayuki , Kobayashi Yoshimitsu ,   Department of Electronic and Control Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Gifu College
Published: October 2016

[abstFig src='/00280005/10.jpg' width='300' text='Adaptive speed control for mobile robot' ] This study investigated the effectiveness of a simple adaptive control system used for controlling the dynamics of the driving system of a wheeled mobile robot. This paper describes the design method of a speed control system and the gain adjustment procedure considering a practical application of the simple adaptive control system. Experiments were conducted on two different road conditions, and the results indicated that the rectilinear performance of the wheeled mobile robot improved with the use of the simple adaptive control system. In the case of uncertain road conditions, the simple adaptive control system reduced the deterioration of the control performance effectively.
Data-Driven Torque Controller for a Hydraulic Excavator
Authors: Oshima Yasuhito ,   Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Kinoshita Takuya , Koiwai Kazushige , Yamamoto Toru , Nanjo Takao , Yamazaki Yoichiro , Fujimoto Yoshiaki ,   Collaborative Research Division, Institute of Engineering, Hiroshima University,   Division of Electrical, Systems and Mathematical Engineering, Institute of Engineering, Hiroshima University,   Global Engineering Center, Kobelco Construction Machinery Co., Ltd.
Published: October 2016

[abstFig src='/00280005/19.jpg' width='250' text='Hydraulic system in the excavator' ] Proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control has been widely used in industrial equipment. However, the transient response obtained is poor when the fixed PID controller is used for nonlinear systems. Moreover, a hydraulic excavator consists of a nonlinear system with a derivative element. In this case, the system output does not track the reference signal because the integral element in the controller is canceled out by the derivative element in the system. In order to improve the transient response and the tracking performance, a data-driven PID control for tuning and updating PID gains has been proposed. However, the data-driven PID control method could not improve the tracking performance. In this paper, the controller design scheme based on a data-driven approach for the hydraulic excavator is proposed. Moreover, the control parameters of the proposed scheme are updated in an off-line manner by using fictitious reference iterative tuning. The effectiveness of this controller is verified by simulating the control behavior of a hydraulic excavator.
Effect of Pore-Size Distribution on Phase Transition of Hydrocarbon Mixtures in Nanoporous Media
Authors: Wang Lei , Yin Xiaolong , Neeves Keith B. , Ozkan Erdal
Published: October 2016

Pore sizes of many shale-oil and tight gas reservoirs are in the range of nanometers. In these pores, capillary pressure and surface forces can make the phase behavior of hydrocarbon mixtures different from that characterized in pressure/volume/temperature (PVT) cells. Many existing phase-behavior models use a single pore size to describe the effect of confinement on phase behavior. To follow up with our earlier theoretical studies and experimental observations, this research investigates the effect of pore-size distribution. By use of a vapor/liquid equilibrium model that considers the effect of capillary pressure, we present a procedure to simulate the sequence of phase changes in a porous medium caused by a pore-size distribution. This procedure is used to simulate depressurizations of a light oil and a retrograde gas confined inside nanoporous media, the pore-size distributions of which are characteristic of tight reservoirs. The fluid compositions are representative of typical reservoir fluids. Predictions of the model show that phase transition in nanoporous medium with pore-size distribution is not described by a single phase boundary. The initial phase change in the large pores alters the composition of the remaining fluid, and, in turn, suppresses the next phase change. For the two cases studied, models with and without capillary pressure gave similar predictions. For light oil, capillary pressure still noticeably increased the level of supersaturation, and the critical gas saturation had a strong influence on the properties of produced fluids. For retrograde gas, the effect of capillary pressure was insignificant because of the low interfacial tension (IFT). Despite the choice of fluids, calculations indicate that the smallest pores are probably always occupied by hydrocarbon liquid during depressurization.
The Projection-Pursuit Multivariate Transform for Improved Continuous Variable Modeling
Authors: Barnett R. M. , Manchuk J. G. , Deutsch C. V.
Published: October 2016

Reservoir process-performance evaluation requires the simulation of multiple continuous variables such as porosity, water saturation, and permeability. Geostatistical realizations should reproduce the univariate and multivariate statistics that are deemed representative of the reservoir. A conventional work flow that sequentially applies cosimulation and cloud transformations is frequently used for this multivariate simulation. Although it effectively reproduces univariate properties, a common issue with this work flow is its inability to reproduce all the multivariate relationships that exist between variables. To resolve this issue, the projection-pursuit multivariate transform (PPMT) is applied to reservoir modeling. The PPMT work flow requires fewer steps, no manual tuning, and fewer assumptions than the conventional work flow. Background, essential steps, and practical considerations of the conventional and PPMT work flows are outlined before comparing them in a case study. The PPMT is shown to yield multivariate reproduction that is expected to improve reservoir forecasting.
Nutrient Requirements of Camelina for Biodiesel Feedstock in Central Montana
Authors: Mohammed Yesuf Assen , Chen Chengci , Afshar Reza Keshavarz
Published: October 2016

Core Ideas

The responses of camelina seed and oil yields to nutrient applications were substantial compared with the control treatment.

Trend analysis showed that camelina requires about 60 kg ha−1N to achieve agronomic optimum seed and oil yields.

This agronomic data will help policy makers, researchers, growers, and end users to make decision in the production and processing of camelina as energy crop.

Camelina (Camelina sativaL. Crantz) shows potential to provide an alternative renewable energy source and enhance crop diversification in temperate semiarid regions. Information on the effect of N, P, K, and S on yield and quality of camelina for biodiesel feedstock in the northern Great Plains (NGP) of the United States is limited. The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of the above nutrients on seed and oil yields, test weight, oil concentration and agronomic nitrogen use efficiency (ANUE) of camelina on a clay loam soil in central Montana. Results showed that fertilizer treatments significantly affected seed yield, oil concentration and oil yield of camelina. The seed and oil yields ranged from 677 to 1306 kg ha−1and from 234 to 445 kg ha−1, respectively. Although the highest seed and oil yields were obtained from the application of 134–22–22–28 kg ha−1N–P2O5–K2O–S, they were statistically in the same group with yields achieved from the application of only 45 kg ha−1N. Application of P and S fertilizers increased camelina seed yield compared with the control treatment. There was no response to K fertilization. Simultaneous application of N and S did not show synergistic effects in enhancing ANUE. The ANUE reduced with increasing N application rates. From trend analysis, application of 60 kg ha−1N produced agronomic maximum seed and oil yields. Therefore, optimizing camelina seed and oil yields production with regard to nutrient management using current variety should focus on N fertilization.
High Removal of Effluent‐borne Nitrogen with Multiple External Electron Donors in the Engineered Drainfield of an Advanced Septic System
Authors: De Mriganka , Toor Gurpal S.
Published: October 2016

Septic systems can be a major source of nitrogen (N) in shallow groundwater. We designed an in situ engineered drainfield with aerobic–anaerobic (sand–woodchips) and anaerobic (elemental sulfur–oyster shell) media to remove N in the vadose zone and reduce N transport to groundwater. Effluent was dispersed on top of the engineered drainfield (3.72 m2 infiltrative surface) and then infiltrated through the aerobic–anaerobic and anaerobic media before reaching natural soil. Water samples were collected over 64 sampling events (May 2012–December 2013) from three parts of the drainfield: (i) a suction cup lysimeter installed at the sand–woodchips interface, (ii) a pipe after effluent passed through the aerobic–anaerobic media, and (iii) a tank containing anaerobic media. In the effluent, most of the total N (66 mg L1) was present as NH4–N (88.8%), whereas at the sand–woodchips interface the dominant N form was NOx–N (31 mg L−1; 85% of total N). As the effluent passed through the aerobic–anaerobic media in the drainfield, heterotrophic denitrification reduced NOx–N to 5.4 mg L−1. In the tank containing anaerobic media, autotrophic denitrification, facilitated by elemental sulfur, further reduced NOx–N to 1 mg L−1. Overall, 90% of total added N was removed as the effluent passed through the aerobic–anaerobic and anaerobic media within the engineered drainfield. We conclude that the use of multiple electron donors from external media (sand–woodchips and elemental sulfur–oyster shell) was effective at removing N in the engineered drainfield and will reduce the risk of groundwater N contamination from septic systems in areas with shallow groundwater.

Core Ideas

An in situ advanced septic system drainfield was designed to attenuate N.

More than 90% of total N was removed within the drainfield.

Heterotrophic denitrification in the drainfield removed ∼84% of total N.

Autotrophic denitrification in the drainfield removed additional ∼6% of total N.

Engineered drainfield was effective at preventing groundwater contamination.
Misplacement of central venous catheter into the left internal mammary vein
Authors: Mon Wint , Boyle Henry , Thoburn Charles
Published: October 2016

Central venous catheter insertion is a commonly performed procedure in anaesthesia and critical care in order to assist fluid management and to allow administration of intravenous medications. Central venous catheter misplacement can occur, even in expert hands, despite the widespread use of ultrasound guidance. In this case report, we describe central venous catheter misplacement into the left internal mammary vein and subsequent patient management.
Impact of Transformational Leadership on Psychological Empowerment and Job Satisfaction Relationship: A Case of Yemeni Banking
Authors: Al-Hosam Asma Abdulwasea Mohammed , Ahmed Shaheen , Ahmad Fais Bin , Joarder Mohd Hasanur Raihan
Published: October 2016

The banking sector of Yemen is under threat due to the lack of confidence and trust of the prospective clients that hindered economic development of the country. The study aimed to measure a moderating effect of transformational leadership on employees’ psychological empowerment and job satisfaction relationship so that attitudes of the Yemeni can be bumped towards banking. In this study, 160 employees were surveyed in different branches of four banks in Yemen. The data were analyzed in four stages namely, reliability and validity analysis, descriptive analysis, multivariate analysis, and hypotheses testing analysis. The study revealed a significant positive relationship between employees’ psychological empowerment and transformational leadership towards their job satisfaction level. If the policy makers consider the findings and undertake necessary measures, the Yemeni banking is expected to be accelerated which will contribute to the economy of the country.
Parenteral Iron Sucrose Therapy for Moderate and Severe Iron-Deficiency Anemia in Pregnancy
Authors: Esin Sertac , Yırcı Bülent , Zengin Tuğba , Yalvaç Serdar , Kandemir Ömer
Published: October 2016

Objective: Parenteral iron therapy for iron deficiency anemia is gaining popularity due to its fast and impressing action. However, effectiveness and safety of iron sucrose in pregnant patient population is less clear. In this study, we aimed to review our intravenous iron sucrose use in pregnant patients.Study Design: The medical records of all anemic pregnant patients hospitalized for parenteral iron sucrose therapy were reviewed retrospectively.Results: The results of 117 pregnant women were available. Thirty-one (26.5%) and 86 (73.5%) of the patients were in the 2nd and 3rd trimester of the pregnancy, respectively. Four (%3.4) of the patients had severe and 113 (%96.6) of the patients had moderate anemia. The median gestational age for iron sucrose administration was 31.1 weeks (26.8-34.3). The mean hemoglobin, hematocrit and ferritin levels before and after delivery were 10.8±1.3 gr/l; 9.9±1.3 gr/l, 33.5±4.0; 30.8±4.0 and 89.6±0.7 μg/L; 98.1±0.9 μg/L, respectively. All but 2 (1.8%) patients had elevated hemoglobin levels after iron sucrose therapy. When hemoglobin and hematocrit levels were compared between before iron sucrose therapy and before delivery, there was a 2.8 g/l and 7.8 % increase in the mean hemoglobin and hematocrit levels, respectively and the difference was statistically significant (p= 0.001 and p=0.001, respectively). Five patients (4.3%) reported mild hypersensitivity reaction to intravenous iron in the form of mild itching at the infusion site. No severe or life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction was reported.Conclusion: In this study, we found out that intravenous iron sucrose therapy for iron deficiency anemia is feasible, effective and has a good safety profile.
Psycho-pedagogical aspects of formation of professional readiness of arabists – orientalists at the university
Authors: Popenkov Oleg Nikolaevich
Published: October 2016

The article is devoted to psychological and pedagogical aspects of formation of Arabic studies students’ readiness to their future professional activity; modern requirements to level of arabists-orientalists training and professional qualities formation among the arabists.
The role of information technology in the control of complex system
Authors: Gusev Sergey Sergeevich
Published: October 2016

Information technology in modern world play a considerable and maybe a major role in the control of complex systems. Information technology provide the possibility of active human participation in the development of important physical processes, phenomenon, events, which allow to use them in control theory of complex systems.
Corporate culture in a management system
Authors: Kolesnikov Anatoliy Viktorovich
Published: October 2016

In this article contains material illustrating results of influence of a corporate culture on the process of management decisions acceptance for routine operational daily work is provided to the companies, methods and methods of business development, on motivation of the main stekholder. An objective is decided through the analysis of management systems in logic of the Mckinsey 7S model. The author, on the basis of F. Harris and R. Moeran's approach considered features of impact of a corporate culture on a management system of the leading Russian companies.
Protective sports mouthguard. Modern materials and manufacturing methods
Authors: Zakaryan Gerygenh Amazaspovich
Published: October 2016

Injuries during going in for sports remain a serious problem for the sports medicine and sports dentistry, in particular. In modern domestic stomatology during manufacturing of customized sports mouthguards the specialists try to use practical data obtained from the experimental studies. The aim of the experiments is to determine the optimal strength and functionality of finished products. For the production of individual splints it is necessary to take into the account various geometric parameters of the working model, based on which the necessary material is selected and the thickness of the future product is determined. The article describes the latest methods of making protective athletic mouthguards, including with the help of modern CAD/CAM systems.
Compendium problems of trans-boundary water quota allocation in Central Asia
Authors: Rafikov Vakhob Asomovich , Rakhmatullaev Khirojilla Lutfullaevich
Published: October 2016

Trans-boundary waters are divisible resources and their quota allocation is essential to streamline water supply in basin states. The authors investigated water bodies in the part of Central Asia covered with basins of major rivers such as the Amudarya and Syrdarya. This topic is also important for the entire subcontinent as well as historical aspect of water supply
Pesquisas sobre o urbano amazônico: diretrizes disciplinares X tradição interdisciplinar
Authors: Ventura Neto Raul da Silva , Cardoso Ana Cláudia Duarte , Fernandes Danilo Araújo , Vale Gomes Taynara do
Published: October 2016

Este artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre a relevância da pesquisa na área dos estudos urbanos e regionais, do planejamento urbano e do urbanismo na Amazônia e sobre o potencial de contribuição da pós-graduação para a atualização das estratégias de desenvolvimento pensadas para essa região. O artigo se estrutura em torno da contraposição de dados oriundos das políticas de C&T formatadas para a região amazônica, com as diretrizes que levaram à criação do Núcleo de Altos Estudos Amazônicos (Naea), em 1973, primeiro do gênero na região. Destaca-se nesta revisão bibliográfica e de análise de dados a trajetória da expansão da pós-graduação na Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) nas áreas que poderiam ter a discussão das cidades ou da urbanização como foco de interesse. Constata-se que, em vez de incluir as cidades em uma possível agenda de desenvolvimento da Amazônia, o caráter disciplinar das diretrizes impostas à região pode estar consolidando uma tradição de tratamento segmentado das questões urbanas, em detrimento da histórica e necessária visão interdisciplinar.
Pós-graduação em ciência do solo na região amazônica: uma possível realidade
Authors: Cogo Franciane Diniz , Paulino Helder Barbosa , Carneiro Marco Aurélio Carbone
Published: October 2016

O presente estudo objetivou verificar a existência de programas de pós-graduação na temática Ciência do Solo e/ou cursos correlatos, bem como o perfil de docentes dos programas na região amazônica do Brasil, de modo a auxiliar futuras ações para o desenvolvimentoda pesquisa em Ciência do Solo. Nessa região, encontraram-se 13 programas de pós-graduação, com 39 disciplinas oferecidas que apresentam aderência ao tema Ciência do Solo, lecionadas por 36 docentes, indicando que há professores qualificados para a abertura de programa de pós-graduação em Ciência do Solo. Para a concretização de tal objetivo, políticas de incentivo e financiamento para o fortalecimento dos grupos de pesquisa com foco no desenvolvimento da Ciência do Solo regional contribuirão para a redução das assimetrias, geração de pesquisas de importância regional, formação de recursos humanos de elevada qualidade e fixação de doutores na região.
Seasonal Influence on Efficacy of Ovsynch, Heatsynch and Triu-B Protocols
in Terms of Estrus Response, Conception Rate and Biochemical Profile in Postpartum Anoestrus Buffaloes
Authors: Dhami A. J. , Mungad K. S. , Patel J. A. , Parmar S. C. , Kalasariya R. M.
Published: October 2016

This study was undertaken on 48 postpartum (>90 days) anoestrus buffaloes each in winter and
summer seasons with the object to know the seasonal influence on efficacy of three estrus induction/
synchronization protocols towards fertility response and blood biochemical profiles. Twelve buffaloes
each in treatment group I, II and III were subjected to Ovsynch, Heatsynch and Triu-B hormone
protocols, respectively, while group IV served as untreated control. The estrus induction response
varied from 75.00 to 83.33% during summer and 83.33 to 91.66% during winter season with these
protocols. The conception rates obtained at induced estrus and overall of 3 cycles in anoestrus
buffaloes were comparatively lower under all three protocols during summer than winter season
(16.27 vs 41.67 and 25.00 vs 58.33% for Ovsynch; 16.27 vs 25.00 and 25.00 vs 50.00% for Heatsynch,
and 16.27 vs 41.67 and 33.33 vs 58.33%, respectively), and obviously higher than control group
(overall CR 8.33 and 25.00%) in both the seasons. The overall mean plasma protein values were
significantly higher (pis less than 0.01) in winter season than summer season in all three groups, while inverse
results were found with respect to seasons for total cholesterol under Ovsynch and Triu-B protocols.
The effect of period and pregnancy status was non-significant within the protocol for both the traits
in both the seasons, except the total protein under Ovsynch protocol in winter season was
significantly higher in conceived than non-conceived group (7.96 ± 0.09 vs. 7.54 ± 0.11 g/dl; pis less than 0.05).
There was no influence of days or conceived and non-conceived status on the calcium, phosphorus
and magnesium profile in any of the groups studied during both the seasons. However, significantly
higher (pis less than 0.05) overall mean plasma values for calcium and magnesium were observed in winter
as compared to summer season in buffaloes of all three protocols. It was concluded that all three
protocols can be used successfully during winter and Triu-B only during summer season to induce
estrus and improve fertility in postpartum anoestrus buffaloes, and that the plasma metabolite profile
was significantly altered by season, but not by the hormonal treatments or pregnancy status