bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RESEARCH OF CHANGE IN FRACTION COMPOSITION OF VEHICLE GASOLINE IN THE MODIFICATION OF ITS BIODETHANOL IN THE CAVITATION FIELD
Authors: Tselishchev Aleksey , Loriya Marina , Boychenko Sergey , Kudryavtsev Sergey , Laneckij Vasil
Published: September 2020

The influence of bioethanol content and parameters of the cavitation field on the quality indicators of motor gasolines: volatility and octane number is studied. Studying the effect of bioethanol and cavitation treatment of bioethanol-gasoline mixture will make it possible to produce automotive fuels for different climatic zones, or winter (summer) versions of gasolines. The use of bioethanol and cavitation treatment of a bioethanol-gasoline mixture affect the fractional composition of motor gasoline and its volatility. The optimal content of the biocomponent, at which there is an increase in the volatility of gasoline, is established Also the results of the octane number change are presented depending on the intensity of cavitation treatment for gas condensate with the addition of bioethanol. The influence of bioethanol content on the increase in octane number during cavitation treatment is determined.

It is found that the introduction of bioethanol into the composition of gasoline leads to an improvement in its volatility. In this case, cavitation treatment makes it possible to obtain a mixture resistant to delamination.

The addition of bioethanol leads to an adequate increase in light fractions during mechanical mixing and to a change in the fractional composition of the bioethanol-gasoline mixture during cavitation treatment.

The addition of bioethanol in amounts up to 10% leads to a decrease in the saturated vapor pressure during cavitation treatment of bioethanol-gasoline mixtures, and an increase in the bioethanol content up to 20% leads to an increase in the saturated vapor pressure, which is explained by a change in the chemical composition of fuel components in comparison with the mechanical method of preparing mixtures.

By cavitation treatment it is possible to change the fractional composition, the pressure of saturated vapors and the volatility of bioethanol-gasoline mixtures, making cavitation a promising energy-saving process for the production of gasoline for various climatic conditions
EFFECTIVENESS OF TREATMENT WITH MEBICAR IN PATIENTS WITH PERMANENT ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
Authors: Seredyuk Lesуa , Vakalyuk Igor
Published: September 2020

Violation of the heart rhythm is widespread at present. Anxiety-depressive symptoms and a tendency to chronic stress leads to the depletion of the body, which contributes to arrhythmia.

The aim of the study is to assess the severity of clinical and hemodynamic indices by using anxiolytic drug mebicar.

Materials and methods. Assessment of psycho-emotional status was studied using the psychosocial scale of stress by L. Reader, PSS-10 PHQ-15 and questionnaire identification of social factors that can affect health. Determination of cortisol level in serum was carried out by immunoassay (ELISA) on the ER-500 Microplate Reader. The concentration of N-terminal fragment of the brain natriuretic peptide precursor (NTproBNP) in serum was determined by ELISA using a Biosan PST-60HL shaker.

Results. The results of the survey showed a direct dependence of the manifestation of atrial fibrillation (AF) on the level of psychoemotional stress. We found that in group 1b (standard treatment+mebicar) there were complaints of increased excitability (p<0.001), (p-reliability difference of indices before and after treatment), fatigue (p<0.001), deterioration of memory (p<0.01), appetite loss (p<0.05), sleep disturbance (p<0.001), signs of severe sweating (p<0.001), indicating the appearance of astheno-vegetative syndrome. The reduction of manifestations of high stress (p<0.01) in patients of group 1b (standard treatment+mebicar) was noted. A similar pattern was detected in the severity of anxiety in men (p<0.01).

Conclusions. Application in the complex therapy of patients with stable coronary heart disease (SIHD) in conjunction with AF anxiolytics of the benzodiazepine series (mebicar) has allowed stopping anxiety-depressive disorders. Analyzing the level of cortisol, we observed its increase depending on the degree of anxiety and depression; NT-proBNT metrics are respectively.
CURRENT TRENDS IN THE PREVALENCE OF FOOD HYPERSENSITIVITY IN CHILDREN OF THE KYIV REGION
Authors: Duda Liudmyla
Published: September 2020

The aim of the study. Due to the growing prevalence of food hypersensitivity worldwide and the number of dangerous food reactions, the aim was to determine the current prevalence of food hypersensitivity symptoms among children in the Kyiv region, Ukraine.

Methods. Total of 7106 children were surveyed: Group I (4 months – 5 years) had 1787 children, Group II (6–7 years) – 2080 children, Group ІІI (13–14 years) – 1909 children, Group ІV (15–17 years) – 1330 children.

Results. The prevalence of food hypersensitivity among the surveyed children is 26.5 % (95 % CI: 25.5–27.6) – this is 1888 children out of 7106. Highest prevalence of food hypersensitivity (FHS) is observed in the Group I, which is 32 % (95 % CI: 29.8–34.2) – 571/1787, Groups II – 27.2 % (95 % CI: 25.7–29.8) – 566/2080, Groups III – 27.7 % (95 % CI: 14.7–18.0) – 529/1909, in the Group IV – 16.7 % (95 % CI: 25.3-29.2) – 222/1330). FHS in children is most often manifested by skin symptoms, followed by gastrointestinal manifestations, and acute urticaria/angioneurotic edema is at the third place. Respiratory manifestations possess 5 % in the structure of FHS symptoms. An anaphylactic reaction was observed in 4 children out of 7106 respondents.

Conclusions. The prevalence of food hypersensitivity among Ukrainian children is high. There is an increase in the prevalence of urticaria/angioedema in preschool children.
CYTOKERATIN-18 AS A MARKER OF NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE IN OBESE ADOLESCENTS
Authors: Khomenko Margaryta
Published: September 2020

In parallel with the obesity epidemic in the world, the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among children and adolescents is growing. Current data suggest that insulin resistance is one of the main factors in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and the content of fragments of caspase-cleaved cytokeratin-18 in the blood serum may be one of the informative indicators of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease progression.

The aim. To determine mechanisms of formation and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in obese children and adolescents by evaluating the level of cytokeratin-18.

Materials and methods. The study involved 46 adolescents with obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease aged 12–17 years: 19 boys (41.3 %) and 27 girls (58.7 %). Clinical (weight, height, waist and hip circumference), laboratory (glucose, immunoreactive insulin, lipid metabolism, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, cytokeratin-18) parameters were studied and instrumental examination (abdominal ultrasound) was performed. To assess insulin resistance the triglyceride-glucose index was calculated.

Results. Depending on the presence of insulin resistance patients were divided into two groups: 21 (45.7 %) of adolescents with insulin resistance and 25 (54.3 %) of adolescents without insulin resistance. Blood tests in patients with insulin resistance revealed significantly higher levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting immunoreactive insulin, cytokeratin-18 and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. All adolescents were divided into 2 groups depending on the level of cytokeratin-18: patients with cytokeratin-18 >233 mIU/ml and <233 mIU/ml (15 (32.6 %) and 31 (67.4 %) respectively). It was found that there were significantly more patients with insulin resistance in the group with the level of cytokeratin-18 >233 mIU/ml.

Conclusion. In obese adolescents with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease insulin resistance is associated with more pronounced disorders of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism and higher levels of markers that characterize the state of the liver such as cytokeratin-18 and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. Adolescents with obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with a threshold level of cytokeratin-18, which indicates the transformation of steatosis into steatohepatitis, two times more often have present insulin resistance.
INTENSITY OF INVASION IN EMERIOSIS OF RABBITS IN DIFFERENT METHODS OF KEEPING
Authors: Shkromada Oksana , Nedzheria Tetiana
Published: September 2020

One of the important problems in raising rabbits is eimeriosis, regardless of the method of maintenance. The disease affects animals of all ages, causing weight loss, feed conversion, morbidity and death.

The aim. Study of the prevalence and diagnosis of rabbit eimeriosis by different housing technology to improve methods of disease control.

Methods. The experiment was conducted during 2017–2019 in farms with different capacities in four regions of Dnipro, Zaporizhia, Kharkiv and Sumy. A total of 20 farms for keeping rabbits of different breeds were surveyed.

Results. Studies of rabbit farms on business and private ones found that the most common infestation was with the following species of eimeria: Eimeria perforans, E magna, E. media, E. irresidua, E. piriforms and E. іntestinalis. It is proved that the extensiveness of rabbit infestation when kept in farms in metal cages, under the conditions of sanitary and hygienic regime and timely disinvasion of premises, was in the range of 42–15 % in autumn-winter period, and 19–6 % in spring-summer. According to the survey of homestead farms, rabbits kept in wooden cages on deep litter, the level of invasion in the autumn-winter period was 100–56 % and in the spring-summer – 70–29 %.

Conclusions. Keeping rabbits in metal cages in compliance with sanitary and hygienic standards and timely disinvasion reduces the level of extensiveness of the invasion.
Measuring investors’ emotions using econometric models of trading volume of stock exchange indexes
Authors: Majewski Sebastian , Tarczynski Waldemar , Tarczynska-Luniewska Malgorzata
Published: September 2020

Traditional finance explains all human activity on the ground of rationality and suggests all decisions are rational because all current information is reflected in the prices of goods. Unfortunately, the development of information technology and a growth of demand for new, attractive possibilities of investment caused the process of searching new, unique signals supporting investment decisions. Such a situation is similar to risk-taking, so it must elicit the emotional reactions of individual traders.The paper aims to verify the question that the market risk may be the determinant of traders’ emotions, and if volatility is a useful tool during the investment process as the measure of traders’ optimism, similarly to Majewski’s work (2019). Likewise, various econometric types of models of estimation of the risk parameter were used in the research: classical linear using OLS, general linear using FGLS, and GARCH(p, q) models using maximum likelihood method. Hypotheses were verified using the data collected from the most popular world stock exchanges: New York, Frankfurt, Tokyo, and London. Data concerned stock exchange indexes such as SP500, DAX, Nikkei, and UK100.
SILÍCIO FOLIAR EM DIFERENTES CULTIVARES DE TRIGO
Authors: Martin Thomas Newton , Leivas Stecca Jessica Deolinda , Deak Evandro Ademir , Brunnig Lucas Allan , Gardin Alessio Pedro
Published: September 2020

A nutrição vegetal é importante para o crescimento e desenvolvimento das plantas. Aliado a isso, para obtenção de produtividades elevadas é necessário que não existam restrições bióticas e abióticas que afetem os componentes de rendimento das culturas. O silício embora não reconhecido como elemento essencial, é benéfico às plantas. Objetivou-se avaliar as alterações provocadas na estatura das plantas, na massa de hectolítro e nos componentes de produtividade da cultura do trigo pela aplicação foliar de silício. Os tratamentos foram distribuídos em um modelo bifatorial (15 x 2), em delineamento blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições, sendo o primeiro fator constituído por 15 cultivares de trigo (Sinuelo, TEC Frontale, Ametista, BRS 331, Quartzo, Mestre, Toruk, TEC 10, DNA Oro, Sintonia, Iguaçu, Prisma, Parrudo, TEC 6219, BRS 327) e o segundo por aplicação ou não de silício.  As variáveis avaliadas foram número de plantas, estatura de plantas, número de espigas, produtividade de grãos, massa de mil grãos e massa de hectolitro. Os componentes de produtividade não foram alterados pela aplicação foliar de silício. A massa de hectolítro de algumas cultivares apresentaram acréscimos devido ao fornecimento de silício. As demais diferenças observadas são atribuídas às variações entre as cultivares de trigo.
Investigating engineer’s actual usage intention to apply construction technologies in emerging countries
Authors: Bashir Amir , Kivrak Serkan
Published: September 2020

All zones worldwide are working through a once again industrial revolution which is called “Industry 4.0”. It is proposed to have a huge impact on engineering, commercial and standards of livelihood. With the rise and spread of technologies, companies are investing in Construction technologies (c-techs). Still, the success of c-techs relies on individual’ acceptance and adoption of technologies. As per the research of Fortune 500 information construction sector, says that the major hurdles industries are facing are the adoption and rejection of the new technologies. This paper aims to measure the behaviour and actual usuage of individual engineers in acceptance and rejection of certain c-tech, within the framework of Technology acceptance model (TAM) constructs and the extended TAM determinant facilitating condition. The results suggested that strategists and designers must consider that construction technology factors are critical for the success of the business.
Optimization of ventilated brake disc rotor geometry for enhanced structural characteristics
Authors: Roy Indira , A Bharatish
Published: September 2020

This paper focuses on analyzing the effect of geometrical parameters on structural performance of the ventilated brake disc. Multi-objective optimization through response surface methodology was deployed for improving the structural performance of ventilated brake discs. Simulation runs were designed based on central composite design technique. The second order regression models correlating the geometry parameters with maximum deformation and equivalent stress were developed. ANOVA was performed to test the significance of disc geometry parameters. The deformation and equivalent stress were influenced by flange outer peripheral radius. While the spigot radius had a significant effect on the deformation but not on equivalent stress. Also, the mounting surface radius influenced the equivalent stress developed on the ventilated brake disc rotor. The multi-objective optimization of geometrical characteristics for minimum deformation (4.2332 µm) and minimum equivalent stress (4.00989 MPa) yielded significant reduction in total deformation and equivalent stress i.e., 10.28 % and 9.12 % respectively at optimal levels of geometrical parameters.
Experimental kinematic analysis of an intermittent motion planetary mechanism with elliptical gears
Authors: Prikhodko Alexander
Published: September 2020

Intermittent motion mechanisms are widely used in semiautomatic and automatic machinery. Currently, the most common are mechanisms with a one-way coupling or mechanisms of variable structure. The intermittent movement in these mechanisms is provided by breaking the kinematic chain, so their use is undesirable in high-speed machines. The paper presents and analyzes kinematics of planetary transmission with elliptical gears, which performs intermittent motion of output link without interruption of kinematic chain. A kinematic model of the mechanism is constructed, and there are obtained equations for determining the velocity analogue of the output link of the planetary gear. An experimental verification of the adequacy of the developed mathematical model was carried out on the example of studying the position function of the mechanism. The measurement errors were estimated using statistical methods. Using the chi-squared test, the hypothesis of a normal distribution of measurement errors was verified, and confidence interval was determined.
Dynamic responses of the flexible beam in a three-axis centrifugal environment
Authors: Zhang Yahong , Lu Wenchao , Liu Gege , Yang Mei
Published: September 2020

The loads acting on rapid maneuver aircrafts are characterized by high accelerations, high jerks and multiple directions in the space. The flight simulation tests for aircraft loads are usually carried out on a three-axis centrifuge. Due to the difference between flight and centrifugal environments, the loads in the simulation tests are not completely consistent with those in the actual flight environment. To verify that the dynamic responses of aircrafts in the three-axis centrifuge can be used to predict the responses in the flight environment, a beam installed in the three-axis centrifuge is considered. The velocity and acceleration models of the beam are established by the motion synthesis method. The rigid-flexible coupling dynamic equations of the beam are derived using the Kane’s method. Under different flight accelerations, the dynamic responses of beam in the three-axis centrifugal environment are simulated, which agree well with the responses in the flight environment. Besides, the influence of accelerations and jerks on the responses is analyzed. The results of this paper demonstrate that the present dynamic model can be used effectively to predict the experimental results in flight environments.
Improving the rotordynamic stability of short labyrinth seals using positive preswirl
Authors: Zhang Wanfu , Gu Qianlei , Cao Hao , Wang Yingfei , Yin Lu
Published: September 2020

Introducing a negative preswirl at the upstream of annular gas seals has been considered as an effective way to improve the system stability. This paper demonstrates a stability enhancement approach for a short labyrinth seal using positive preswirls. The static and dynamic characteristics of the labyrinth seal with various blade numbers (5, 10, 15), inlet preswirl ratios (–0.3, –0.15, 0, 0.15, 0.3) were studied. Results show that the inlet preswirl ratio has a dramatic effect on the circumferential location of the high-pressure spot for each seal cavity, particularly for the first cavity. The inlet preswirl ratio has opposite effects on the system stability due to the difference of high-pressure spot locations between the first cavity and the others. An increasing positive inlet preswirl could improve the system stability for the labyrinth seal with fewer blades (e.g. 5 blades). Its characteristics is mainly dominated by the first seal cavity. For the labyrinth seal with 10 blades, the system characteristics shows slight dependency on the inlet preswirl ratio. For the labyrinth seal with more blades (e.g. 15 blades), the negative inlet preswirl still increases the system stability, which agrees with the conventional conclusion. The paper provides a deeper understanding on the stability improvement of the labyrinth seal.
A fractional Maxwell approach for the shock response of viscoelastic oscillator
Authors: Qin Yuan , Sun Dagang , Li Zhanlong , Wang Yao , Chang Chao , Sun Bao
Published: September 2020

Viscoelastic damping structures under shock loading with variable amplitude and frequency are always in the multifactorial dynamic state, of which the shock response is obviously different from that under low strain rate. In order to accurately describe the impact mechanical properties of viscoelastic damped materials, a fractional order Maxwell model (FMM) is constructed. To verify the adopted model, the dynamic experiments for different strain rates (1800 s-1, 2500 s-1, 3500 s-1 and 4000 s-1) are performed by SHPB system. The experimental stress-strain curves should be divided into three stages: the linear stage, the strain-softening stage and the strain-hardening stage. As increase with the strain rate, the peak strain, the peak stress and the curvature of the curve in strain-softening stage increase, and the hardening effect in the strain-hardening stage tends to stronger, demonstrating a distinct strain rate effect in viscoelastic damped materials. The reason is that as increase of the strain rate, the action time of external loading gets closer to the relaxation time of the molecular chain segment, indicating the apparent strain rate-dependence of molecular slip and friction. The comparisons are made between the models of FMM, fractional Kelvin-Voight, ZWT and Ogden considering the strain rate-dependent. As a fractional-order model, FMM model has the minimum mean of RMSE 0.460 among the four models. The results indicate that FMM model could accurately describe the impact mechanical behavior characteristics of viscoelastic materials in a wider range of strain rate with comprehensive superiority of higher fitting precision, fewer parameters and clear physical meaning.
Experimental research and optimal control of vibration screed system (VSS) based on fuzzy control
Authors: Wang Peiling , Liem Nguyen Van , Zhang Jianrun
Published: September 2020

To enhance the compression performance and improve the paving quality of the VSS of the pavers, the experimental research of the VSS is performed to assess the VSS’s vibration stability under various excitations of the tampers and vibrator screed. A VSS’s dynamic model is also established to simulate and evaluate the VSS’s working performance. The root-mean-square (RMS) acceleration responses of the vertical and pitching motions at centre of gravity of the screed floor are chosen as the objective functions. In order to increase the VSS’s working performance, the dynamic parameters of the angular deviations of tampers are then controlled based on Fuzzy control. The research results indicate that the RMS value of the vertical screed motion is remarkably increased, concurrently the RMS value of the pitching screed angle is significantly reduced by controlling the angular deviations of tampers under different excitation frequencies of the VSS. Therefore, the VSS’s working performance is significantly improved in comparison without the control of the angular deviations.
Substituting wheat flour with okara flour in biscuit production
Authors: Momin Md. A. , Jubayer Md. F. , Begum Anjuman A. , Nupur Asmaul H. , Ranganathan Thottiam V. , Mazumder Md. A. R.
Published: September 2020

Introduction. High fiber bakery products can be a healthy snack option for consumers. Our study focused on the effect of replacing wheat flour with okara flour on the physicochemical, nutritional, textural, and sensory attributes of biscuits.

Study objects and methods. We used 2, 4, 6, and 8% w/w okara flour to prepare biscuits. Refined wheat flour (control), mixed flour (okara and wheat flour), dough, and biscuits were assessed for physicochemical, textural, and nutritional properties, as well as sensory characteristics. The volume of particles was higher in 8% okara flour (145 μm) compared to refined wheat flour (91 μm).

Results and discussion. 2, 4, 6, and 8% w/w okara flour biscuits showed significantly (P ≤ 0.05) lower spread ratio and weight loss than biscuits from wheat flour. Hardness, stickiness, and cohesiveness of 2, 4, 6, and 8% okara flour dough were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) lower compared to the control, resulting in decreased cutting strength and increased hardness of okara flour biscuits. Moisture, protein, ash, fat, and crude fiber contents of 2, 4, 6, and 8% okara biscuits were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher compared to the control biscuits. The sensory evaluation suggested that 4% okara biscuits had higher consumer acceptability and were superior to the control and other okara biscuits.

Conclusion. Mixed flour biscuits made from okara and wheat flours were superior in physicochemical, nutritional, textural, and sensory attributes, which allows considering them as an alternative healthy snack.
Use of extension variance in monitoring of fluoride in bottled water
Authors: Luiz T. S. J. , Souza V. C. G. , Koppe J. C.
Published: September 2020

Temporal variograms allowed the analyzing of the temporal variance of eight sources of mineral waters during the four climatic seasons. The water sources are located in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The extension variance compares the temporal variance obtained in the collection interval t with the temporal variance obtained in the collection interval T (where T is twice as large as t). Based on the calculation of the extension variance, relative sampling errors for the confidence intervals (CI) equal to 68% and 99% were obtained. For the sampled sources, the greater the sampling interval, the greater the values obtained for the extension variance and for the relative sampling error. The greater the confidence interval analyzed, the greater the relative sampling error to be obtained. The results showed a very high global sampling error for collection intervals greater than 32 days (relative error greater than 10%) when the confidence interval was CI = 68%. When the confidence interval was 99.9%, for collection intervals greater than two days, relative sampling errors greater than 10% have already been obtained. It was concluded that for the fluoride parameter the sampling time should not be longer than two days.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PROTECTIONISM POLICY TOOLS IN OVERCOMING THE CRISIS OF EXCESS CAPACITY IN THE FERROUS INDUSTRY
Authors: Shteynberg E. E.
Published: September 2020

The article focuses on strengthening of protectionism policy and on trade defense measures, which significantly influence the current global steel market situation. The detailed analyses of the type, product scope and potential effect on international iron and steel market was conducted. The characteristics of the crisis period of exceed capacities problem caused by structural disbalance of global supply and demand in combination with the further steel products consumption decline are presented in the article. The particular focus is on the effectiveness evaluation of protectionism policy on the national level taken the US steel market as an example. The study concludes that protectionism policy of 2017-2019 not only has not solved the global problem of steel exceed capacities, but also escalated national level challenges: lack of motivation of local manufactures to decrease emissions, high unemployment rate and consumer product prices growth. The core outcome of the article is that unbased import trade barriers in steel sector are ineffective for global and national problems solving and that the only way is to implement coordinated actions by the major global steel market players.
Новые тройные сплавы на медно-никелевой основе с тугоплавкими элементами для эпитаксиальных подложек
Authors: Хлебникова Ю.В. , Суаридзе Т.Р. , Акшенцев Ю.Н.
Published: September 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis of the quality of crystallographic texture in thin tapes made of a number of Cu–40%Ni–Me (Ме=Nb, Мо, W) ternary alloys, which have the prospect of being used as epitaxial substrates. The modes of recrystallization annealing are optimized, which allow to obtain a perfect cubic texture with a grain fraction {001}<100> of more than 96% in the belts of the studied alloys with a thickness of about 100 m. The proposed alloys are paramagnetic at the operating temperature of a high-temperature superconductor and are cheaper than Nickel alloys, so they can be an alternative to the most widely used Ni–4.8 at.%W alloy in the production of tape substrates today.
Artificial Intelligence Chatbot for Depression: Descriptive Study of Usage
Authors: Dosovitsky Gilly , Pineda Blanca S , Jacobson Nicholas C , Chang Cyrus , Escoredo Milagros , Bunge Eduardo L
Published: September 2020

Background

Chatbots could be a scalable solution that provides an interactive means of engaging users in behavioral health interventions driven by artificial intelligence. Although some chatbots have shown promising early efficacy results, there is limited information about how people use these chatbots. Understanding the usage patterns of chatbots for depression represents a crucial step toward improving chatbot design and providing information about the strengths and limitations of the chatbots.

Objective

This study aims to understand how users engage and are redirected through a chatbot for depression (Tess) to provide design recommendations.

Methods

Interactions of 354 users with the Tess depression modules were analyzed to understand chatbot usage across and within modules. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze participant flow through each depression module, including characters per message, completion rate, and time spent per module. Slide plots were also used to analyze the flow across and within modules.

Results

Users sent a total of 6220 messages, with a total of 86,298 characters, and, on average, they engaged with Tess depression modules for 46 days. There was large heterogeneity in user engagement across different modules, which appeared to be affected by the length, complexity, content, and style of questions within the modules and the routing between modules.

Conclusions

Overall, participants engaged with Tess; however, there was a heterogeneous usage pattern because of varying module designs. Major implications for future chatbot design and evaluation are discussed in the paper.
Reducing Alcohol and Opioid Use Among Youth in Rural Counties: An Innovative Training Protocol for Primary Health Care Providers and School Personnel
Authors: Francis Erica , Shifler Bowers Kara , Buchberger Glenn , Ryan Sheryl , Milchak William , Kraschnewski Jennifer
Published: September 2020

Background

Given that youth alcohol use is more common in rural communities, such communities can play a key role in preventing alcohol use among adolescents. Guidelines recommend primary care providers incorporate screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) into routine care.

Objective

The aim is to train primary care providers and school nurses within a rural 10-county catchment area in Pennsylvania to use SBIRT and facilitate collaboration with community organizations to better coordinate substance use prevention efforts.

Methods

To build capacity to address underage drinking and opioid use among youth aged 9-20 years, this project uses telehealth, specifically Project ECHO (Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes), to train primary care providers and school nurses to address substance use with SBIRT. Our project will provide 120 primary care providers and allied health professionals as well as 20 school nurses with SBIRT training. Community-based providers will participate in weekly virtual ECHO sessions with a multidisciplinary team from Penn State College of Medicine that will provide SBIRT training and facilitate case discussions among participants.

Results

To date, we have launched one SBIRT ECHO project with school personnel, enrolling 34 participants. ECHO participants are from both rural (n=17) and urban (n=17) counties and include school nurses (n=15), school counselors (n=8), teachers (n=5), administrators (n=3), and social workers (n=3). Before the study began, only 2/13 (15.5%) of schools were screening for alcohol use.

Conclusions

This project teaches primary care clinics and schools to use SBIRT to prevent the onset and reduce the progression of substance use disorders, reduce problems associated with substance use disorders, and strengthen communities’ prevention capacity. Ours is an innovative model to improve rural adolescent health by reducing alcohol and opioid use.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/21015
Development of a Web-Based Resource for Parents of Young Children Newly Diagnosed With Autism: Participatory Research Design (Preprint)
Authors: Rabba Aspasia Stacey , Dissanayake Cheryl , Barbaro Josephine
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND

The internet provides an ideal avenue to share information, advice, and support regarding autism. However, many websites lack quality control and rarely provide a one-stop resource for families to access necessary, evidence-based information.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to use participatory action research (PAR) with end users (ie, parents) and clinicians to develop a web-based resource (Pathways Beyond Diagnosis) to improve timely access to quality, evidence-based information, and support for families after their child is diagnosed with autism.

METHODS

The PAR approach involves 4 phases: (1) cooperative researcher-stakeholder planning, (2) cooperative researcher-stakeholder–based action, (3) stakeholder observation, and (4) cooperative researcher-stakeholder reflection. A total of 15 participants (parents, n=3; clinicians, n=9; and researchers, n=3) attended individual or group participatory design workshops. This was followed by the translation of knowledge and ideas generated during the workshops to produce mockups of webpages and content, rapid prototyping, and one-on-one consultations with end users to assess the usability of the website developed.

RESULTS

A total of 3 participatory design workshops were held with the participants, each followed by a knowledge translation session. At the end of the PAR cycle, an alpha prototype of the website was built and a series of one-on-one end user consultation sessions were conducted. The PAR cycle revealed the importance of 6 key topic areas (understanding autism, accessing services, support, gaining funding, putting it all together, and looking into the future) associated with the time of diagnosis, which were incorporated into the beta version of the website.

CONCLUSIONS

The development of the Pathways Beyond Diagnosis website using PAR ensures that families have ready access to practical and evidence-based information following a young child’s diagnosis. The website guides families to access relevant, reputable, and evidence-based information in addition to summarizing key challenges encountered after diagnosis (ie, grief, sharing the diagnosis) and the importance of self-care.
A Personalized Health Monitoring System for Community-Dwelling Elderly People in Hong Kong: Design, Implementation, and Evaluation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Hailiang , Zhao Yang , Yu Lisha , Liu Jiaxing , Zwetsloot Inez Maria , Cabrera Javier , Tsui Kwok-Leung
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND

Telehealth is an effective means to assist existing health care systems, particularly for the current aging society. However, most extant telehealth systems employ individual data sources by offline data processing, which may not recognize health deterioration in a timely way.

OBJECTIVE

Our study objective was two-fold: to design and implement an integrated, personalized telehealth system on a community-based level; and to evaluate the system from the perspective of user acceptance.

METHODS

The system was designed to capture and record older adults’ health-related information (eg, daily activities, continuous vital signs, and gait behaviors) through multiple measuring tools. State-of-the-art data mining techniques can be integrated to detect statistically significant changes in daily records, based on which a decision support system could emit warnings to older adults, their family members, and their caregivers for appropriate interventions to prevent further health deterioration. A total of 45 older adults recruited from 3 elderly care centers in Hong Kong were instructed to use the system for 3 months. Exploratory data analysis was conducted to summarize the collected datasets. For system evaluation, we used a customized acceptance questionnaire to examine users’ attitudes, self-efficacy, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and behavioral intention on the system.

RESULTS

A total of 179 follow-up sessions were conducted in the 3 elderly care centers. The results of exploratory data analysis showed some significant differences in the participants’ daily records and vital signs (eg, steps, body temperature, and systolic blood pressure) among the 3 centers. The participants perceived that using the system is a good idea (ie, attitude: mean 5.67, SD 1.06), comfortable (ie, self-efficacy: mean 4.92, SD 1.11), useful to improve their health (ie, perceived usefulness: mean 4.99, SD 0.91), and easy to use (ie, perceived ease of use: mean 4.99, SD 1.00). In general, the participants showed a positive intention to use the first version of our personalized telehealth system in their future health management (ie, behavioral intention: mean 4.45, SD 1.78).

CONCLUSIONS

The proposed health monitoring system provides an example design for monitoring older adults’ health status based on multiple data sources, which can help develop reliable and accurate predictive analytics. The results can serve as a guideline for researchers and stakeholders (eg, policymakers, elderly care centers, and health care providers) who provide care for older adults through such a telehealth system.
Authors’ Response to Peer Reviews of “No Time to Waste: Real-World Repurposing of Generic Drugs as a Multifaceted Strategy Against COVID-19” (Preprint)
Authors: Rogosnitzky Moshe , Berkowitz Esther , Jadad Alejandro R
Published: September 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

Author response to peer review for MS#19583
Patient Perspectives on Innovative Telemonitoring Enhanced Care Program for Chronic Heart Failure (ITEC-CHF): Usability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Chen Sheau Huey , Edwards Iain , Jayasena Rajiv , Ding Hang , Karunanithi Mohanraj , Dowling Alison , Layland Jamie , Maiorana Andrew
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND

Telemonitoring enables care providers to remotely support outpatients in self-managing chronic heart failure (CHF), but little is known about the usability and patients’ willingness to engage with this technology.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to evaluate feedback from patients with CHF following participation in the Innovative Telemonitoring Enhanced Care program for CHF (ITEC-CHF) study.

METHODS

The telemonitoring intervention consisted of three components: remote weight monitoring, structured telephone support, and
nurse-led collaborative care. Participants were provided with electronic weighing scales (W550; ForaCare), and a computer tablet (Galaxy Tab A; Samsung). They were asked to weigh themselves on the provided scales daily. Telemonitoring was integrated with a personal assistance call service and a nurse care service according to their workflows in usual care. Feedback on the usability of ITEC-CHF was collected via survey from study participants following 6 months of receiving telemonitoring care for their body weight. Survey responses were provided on a 5-point Likert scale and through open-ended questions to determine participants’ perceived benefits and barriers to using ITEC-CHF.

RESULTS

A total of 67 participants (49/67, 73% male), with a mean age of 69.8 (SD 12.4) years completed the survey. The majority of participants agreed or strongly agreed that the ITEC-CHF program was easy to use (61/67, 91%), easy to navigate (51/65, 78%), useful (59/65, 91%), and made them feel more confident in managing their weight (57/67, 85%). Themes related to participants’ perceptions of telemonitoring included increased support for early intervention of clinical deterioration, improved compliance to daily weighing, a sense of reassurance, and improved self-care and accountability, among others.

CONCLUSIONS

ITEC-CHF was rated highly on usability and was well accepted by users as part of their routine self-management activities. Participants were willing to use telemonitoring because they perceived a broad spectrum of benefits for CHF management.

CLINICALTRIAL

Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry ID ACTRN 12614000916640; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=366691.
Tele-health as a starting point for establishing primary healthcare in low-to-middle-income countries. (Preprint)
Authors: Rasul Shahmeen , Dolfini Luamar , Zahra Syeda Anum , Tran Tien
Published: September 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

We read with great interest about challenges of digital health interventions in Pakistan.[1] This issue is pertinent, as even during a global pandemic, many more people might die from preventable conditions than from COVID-19 in Low-to-Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). This reiterates the need for establishing a viable primary healthcare (PHC) structure in LMICs, as opposed to avalanching funds from donor agencies. As a group of ethnic medical students training in London, we would like to share our unique perspective on healthcare in different economies.

Hiring staff on a contracted salary, devising catchment areas and the running costs of practices are just a few of the major drawbacks to developing a PHC structure; changes must be made on an institutional level to implement a structure of this magnitude. On the contrary, tele-health services are currently operational in some LMICs (e.g. Aman Health in Pakistan) and can be a pragmatic solution for the time-being.

PHC is innovating, and with time we have seen a rise in tele-health services such as NHS 111 in the UK. Most of the population in LMICs are able to access a phone calling service through feature phones and landlines, allowing access to local advisors and eliminating language barriers entirely. Tele-health is essentially used to direct patients to correct services, such as referrals to local specialists and hospitals. Using pre-existing services means this model can run at a low cost, and acts effectively as a ‘mediator’ between the general population and the appropriate service.

By doing so, tele-health can play a vital role in preventing mortality down the line due to early intervention. Patients can also be given safety-netting advice if they have milder issues, which reduces unnecessary visits to doctors and alleviates burden on oversubscribed services. Furthermore, staffing for tele-health is made attainable by the use of software-based algorithms, as callers do not necessarily need a medical background.

Achieving a sustainable PHC structure means money is saved on the treatment of preventable conditions. This can be used to incentivise governments, and points for further research include an evidence-base that a PHC structure is actually a wiser option for the economy in the long-term. However, this is ambitious. For now, tele-health services can serve as a realistic starting point.
Prediabetes Screening with American Diabetes Association (ADA) Scoring in the Primary Health Care Yogyakarta (Development And Validation Of Scoring Systems)
Authors: Jeem Yaltafit Abror , Koesnanto Hari , Ikhsan Muhammad Robikhul
Published: September 2020

Background: Numerous studies have shown  the increasing of prediabetes incidence from the time being. Some of the prediabetes screening methods that can be performed at primary health care were American Diabetes Association (ADA) scoring for prediabetes. However, there was no data that describes the validity and applicability of the ADA scoring on prediabetes patients in Indonesia. Objective: To discribe prediabetes screening and to find out the applicability of the ADA scoring method in Yogyakarta primary health care. Method: The diagnostic test by scoring system of the ADA questionnaire was compared with OGTT (oral glucose tolerance test) as the gold standard. The subjects were patients of primary health care in Yogyakarta who fulfill the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Result: The subjects were 279 respondents with 227 female  (81.4%) and 52 male patients (18.6%). The mean age of the study subjects was 50.4 years (SD 12.81). The sensitivity and specificity of the scoring method of ADA was 61% and 71%. This could be influenced by the difference in BMI standard as one of the scoring items. Conclusion: Prediabetes prevalence was 11.1% in the study population. The sensitivity and specificity of the scoring method of ADA is 61% and 71%. The scoring method of ADA could not be used in primary health care.
РАЗРАБОТКА СОГЛАСОВАННЫХ ФИЛЬТРОВ ДЛЯ АППАРАТУРЫ РАДИОНАВИГАЦИИ, СВЯЗИ И РАДИОЛОКАЦИИ. ДЕКОМПОЗИЦИЯ ЗАДАЧИ ВЫЧИСЛЕНИЯ СВЕРТКИ И КОРРЕЛЯЦИИ В СПЕЦИАЛИЗИРОВАННЫХ СБИС
Authors: Корнеев И.Л.
Published: September 2020

Обоснована необходимость использования параллельных процессорных структур для цифровой обработки сигналов (ЦОС) в реальном масштабе времени. Исследован ряд процессорных структур для вычисления корреляции и свертки, которые были реализованы в некоторых отечественных СБИС.
РАЗРАБОТКА ЦИФРОВЫХ МОДЕМОВ РАДИОРЕЛЕЙНОЙ И ТРОПОСФЕРНОЙ СВЯЗИ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ СИСТЕМЫ НА КРИСТАЛЛЕ 5580ТР016
Authors: Александров А.В. , Ерохин В.В. , Архипкин В.Я. , Халиков Р.Р. , Леохин Ю.Л.
Published: September 2020

Рассмотрен подход к разработке цифровых модемов для радиорелейных и тропосферных станций на базе отечественной системы на кристалле 5580ТР016.
El mal de playa. Intoxicación del ganado bovino con Lantana camara
Authors: De Aluja Aline S. , Sanz Roberto , Espinosa Francisco
Published: September 2020

Artículo originalmente publicado en:De Aluja AS, Sanz R, Espinosa F. El Mal de Playa. Intoxicación del ganado bovino con Lantana camara. VetMéx. 1970;1(4):7–12.- - - - -

 Se hace un estudio clínico y de laboratorio de los animales afectados por una entidad patológica conocida desde hace muchos años con el nombre de Mal de Playa, en una zona limitada de la costa del estado de Veracruz.

Se establece que en los potreros donde ocurre la enfermedad prevalece la planta Lantana camara, conocida como hepatotóxica.

Por medio de la administración experimental de la planta a dos becerros, se produce la enfermedad con manifestaciones idénticas a las observadas en los casos de campo.

Se revisa la bibliografía al respecto y se discuten algunos puntos especiales referentes a la presentación de la enfermedad en la zona afectada.

Se concluye que el Mal de Playa es causado por la ingestión de la planta Lantana camara.
Synthesis and Comparative Antibacterial Activity of Fatty Acid Capped Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Sharma Rama
Published: September 2020

In the present work, the chemical reduction method has been used to synthesize silver nanoparticles using stearic acid capping agents in different concentrations. These nanoparticles are characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The size of the synthesized silver nanoparticles found between 80-100 nm and stable up to 5 months. These nanoparticles show a very good bactericidal influence on E. coli and S. aureus. In this method silver nanoparticles have synthesized at room temperature without using any inert atmosphere, this is the advantage of this method over others.
Blood Stream Infections caused by Non-Fermenting Gram Negative Bacilli, Clinical Correlation, MIC for Colistin, Gene Detection
Authors: Varghese Angel , Udayalaxmi Jeppu , Rao Pooja , Suman Ethel
Published: September 2020

To study the risk factors and outcome of blood stream infection caused by non-fermenting gram negative bacilli (NFGNB) and their pattern of antibiotic susceptibility and genes. We included sepsis cases with blood culture positive for NFGNB. MIC for colistin was determined by broth microdilution method. Multiplex PCR was used to detect BlaIMP, BlaVIM, BlaKPC, BlaNDM-1 genes in cephalosporin and carbapenems resistant Acinetobacter spp. isolates. Out of 4,664 cases of sepsis, 50 (1.07%) were positive for NFGNB. Acinetobacter spp. 29 (58%) was the predominant isolate, of which 16 (55.17%) isolates were resistant to cephalosporins and carbapenems. We detected BlaKPC and BlaNDM-1 genes in two of these isolates. We did not detect BlaIMP, BlaVIM, BlaKPC and BlaNDM-1 genes in any other NFGNB isolates. Majority of the strains of Pseudomonas spp. showed sensitivity to all the antibiotics tested. NFGNB sepsis patients with respiratory illness correlated well with fatal outcome (p <0.05; OR 21). More numbers of Acinetobacter spp. sepsis cases had fatal outcome (p <0.05; OR 12.83). NFGNB sepsis patients with respiratory illness and those which yielded Acinetobacter spp. correlated positively with fatal outcome. We detected BlaKPC and BlaNDM-1 genes in two strains of drug resistant Acinetobacter spp.