bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immunomodulatory Molecule IRAK-M Balances Macrophage Polarization and Determines Macrophage Responses during Renal Fibrosis
Authors: Steiger Stefanie , Kumar Santhosh V. , Honarpisheh Mohsen , Lorenz Georg , Günthner Roman , Romoli Simone , Gröbmayr Regina , Susanti Heni-Eka , Potempa Jan , Koziel Joanna , Lech Maciej
Published: July 2017

Activation of various innate immune receptors results in IL-1 receptor–associated kinase (IRAK)-1/IRAK-4–mediated signaling and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-12, IL-6, or TNF-α, all of which are implicated in tissue injury and elevated during tissue remodeling processes. IRAK-M, also known as IRAK-3, is an inhibitor of proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine expression in intrarenal macrophages. Innate immune activation contributes to both acute kidney injury and tissue remodeling that is associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Our study assessed the contribution of macrophages in CKD and the role of IRAK-M in modulating disease progression. To evaluate the effect of IRAK-M in chronic renal injury in vivo, a mouse model of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) was employed. The expression of IRAK-M increased within 2 d after UUO in obstructed compared with unobstructed kidneys. Mice deficient in IRAK-M were protected from fibrosis and displayed a diminished number of alternatively activated macrophages. Compared to wild-type mice, IRAK-M–deficient mice showed reduced tubular injury, leukocyte infiltration, and inflammation following renal injury as determined by light microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and intrarenal mRNA expression of proinflammatory and profibrotic mediators. Taken together, these results strongly support a role for IRAK-M in renal injury and identify IRAK-M as a possible modulator in driving an alternatively activated profibrotic macrophage phenotype in UUO-induced CKD.
N-Arachidonoyl Dopamine Modulates Acute Systemic Inflammation via Nonhematopoietic TRPV1
Authors: Lawton Samira K. , Xu Fengyun , Tran Alphonso , Wong Erika , Prakash Arun , Schumacher Mark , Hellman Judith , Wilhelmsen Kevin
Published: July 2017

N-Arachidonoyl dopamine (NADA) is an endogenous lipid that potently activates the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), which mediates pain and thermosensation. NADA is also an agonist of cannabinoid receptors 1 and 2. We have reported that NADA reduces the activation of cultured human endothelial cells by LPS and TNF-α. Thus far, in vivo studies using NADA have focused on its neurologic and behavioral roles. In this article, we show that NADA potently decreases in vivo systemic inflammatory responses and levels of the coagulation intermediary plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 in three mouse models of inflammation: LPS, bacterial lipopeptide, and polymicrobial intra-abdominal sepsis. We also found that the administration of NADA increases survival in endotoxemic mice. Additionally, NADA reduces blood levels of the neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide but increases the neuropeptide substance P in LPS-treated mice. We demonstrate that the anti-inflammatory effects of NADA are mediated by TRPV1 expressed by nonhematopoietic cells and provide data suggesting that neuronal TRPV1 may mediate NADA’s anti-inflammatory effects. These results indicate that NADA has novel TRPV1-dependent anti-inflammatory properties and suggest that the endovanilloid system might be targeted therapeutically in acute inflammation.
Heavy media separation in aggregate beneficiation
Authors: Haw V A
Published: July 2017

The importance of using high quality aggregates in concrete and road construction is now well recognized. More rigid aggregate specifications and depletion of existing resources, however, have created a serious supply problem in many areas. Beneficiation of poor
quality sand and gravel by use of heavy media separation has proved a remedy in a number of cases. A laboratory investigation is described which illustrates both benefits achieved and problems encountered in heavy media separation of gravel aggregate. Aggregate evaluation studies were completed on
the gravel before and after heavy media separation (HMS), including petrographic examination, physical tests, and concrete durability studies. Concrete beams containing the aggregate products were exposed to accelerated freezing and thawing for a period of about 700 cycles between 0 and 40°F.
Separations were made at media densities of 2. 51 and 2. 55 on a feed sized between 1/4 and 1 1/2 in. The chief deleterious constituents proved to be argillaceous limestone, clay and shale, schists. and highly weathered The argillaceous limestone was found particularly troublesome to remove by HMS
because of porous weathered surfaces and sound interiors. Results of the investigation showed that it was possible to obtain a marked improvement of the aggregate by HMS. However, sufficient deleterious constituents remained in the beneficiated product to render questionable its use in concrete
exposed to water saturation and freezing conditions. Heavy media separation has proved an inexpensive and effective method of improving the quality of gravel aggregate since it was first used commercially for this purpose in 1948, and its use is expected to increase greatly as demand for high
quality aggregates grows. The results of the investigation reported herein serve to show the importance of careful laboratory study before a decision is reached on the applicability of HMS to a particular problem.
Relationship of various factors to the quality of coked briquets made from mixtures of coking coals and inert material
Authors: Swartzman E
Published: July 2017

This paper deals with a study of certain factors which influence the quality of coked briquets made from coking coal and finely divided inerts, such as minerals for use in the metallurgical and chemical industries. The data obtained tend to show the following:
1.10 The strength of briquets coked at 2°C/min to ?50°C tends to increase with an increase in the proportion of coal in the mix up to 50 percent the limit used in these tests. 2. The coked briquet strength appeared to decrease with an increase in rank from high volatile A to low volatile
bituminous coal. 3. Varying the type of inert did not seem to affect the quality of the coked briquet. 4. The rate of coking in a stationary bed was found to have a strong influence on the quality of the coked briquets. There was a trend to-wards increasing strength with increasing rate of
carbonization. However, coking at faster rates resulted in a fusing together of the individual briquets. 5. Close relationship between the strengths of coked briquets and the free swelling indices of the mixtures was not found. 6. Compaction during briquetting has a strong positive influence on the
quality of the coked briquets. Even mixes that showed no agglomeration in the free swelling test resulted in the production of well coked briquets with fair strength. 7. The "maximum fluidity" of a coal attained during plasticity on heating would appear to bear a relationship to the quality of the
resultant coked briquets. For the coals studied, the strength of the coked briquets increased with an increase in the "maximum fluidity" of the coal. Furthermore, the higher the "maxirmun fluidity" the greater was the amount of inert material that cou3d be mixed with the coal to obtain a certain
quality of briquet.
Holmquistite from Barraute, Quebec AND A zirconium-bearing garnet from Oka, Quebec
Authors: Nickel E H , Karpoff B S , Maxwell J A , Rowland J F , Nickel E
H
Published: July 2017

A new occurrence of the rare lithium amphibole, holmquistite, has been discovered near Barraute, Quebec. It occurs at or near the contact of spodumene pegmatites and hornblende-rich rock. A chemical analysis indicates a composition close to Li2(Mg,Fe")3
m)2Si8022(OH)2. The holmquistite is orthorhombic, space group Di26hPnma, with (AI,Fe a = 18.30, b 17.69 and c = 5.30. The optical and physical properties are similar to those of other holmquistites cited in the literature.
Measurement of the wear rate of cast grinding balls using radioactive tracers
Authors: Keys J D , Eichholz G G
Published: July 2017

The wear rate of grinding balls is usually difficult to determine under operational conditions, and little is known about the factors determining ball life. Radioactive tracers have been used successfully to mark cast steel balls to obtain information on their
life under various operating conditions, in comparison with balls of different type or composition. A batch of marked steel balls has been followed through a mill operation over several weeks, and statistics on wear and loss of weight have been obtained. In earlier test runs using Fe -59 ,
techniques were established and qualitative observations made on wear rate. In the present experiments, Co was used as the tracer, which was added to the molten metal prior to casting. The cast balls were used in a mill at an iron mine. The radioactive batch was added to the ball mill which had a
normal charge of about 77.3 tons (metric). The charge was sampled at weekly intervals to pick out some of the radioactive balls. These balls were inspected and weighed, and the wear rate has been calculated. This procedure has proved to be a practical way of investigating grinding behaviour under
plant operating conditions
Evaluation of peat moss as applied to some bogs in southern Ontario
Authors: Graham R B , Tibbetts T E
Published: July 2017

The investigation encompassed by this report is an attempt to assess the potential for commercial development of peat moss from some of the most important known peat deposits in the southern part of the province of Ontario. The authors' examination of the
fourteen bogs selected and described was concentrated on procedures which it was thought would allow best assessment of the deposits in this regard. Prominent among the factors considered are moss quality as determined by analytical methods, accessibility, location, topography, drainage, area, type
of growth, and depth of the bog.
The Mines Branch cathode-ray comparator-densitometer
Authors: Sturrock R F , Gillieson A H
Published: July 2017

An instrument for the comparison of spectra has been designed to combine the advantages of a simple optical display with those of a corresponding cathode-ray display. Optical comparison is made by means of a projection system which focusses an enlarged image of
the spectra on a ground-glass screen facing the operator., A section of one spectrum or of both spectra is scanned photo-electrically and presented in the form of a trace of relative transmittance versus wavelength on the face of a seven-inch cathode-ray tube adjacent to the ground-glass screen. The
scanning mechanism, which is of the vibrating-mirror type is so arranged that the optically projected image and the intensity trace are simultaneously visible. In this respect this instrument presents a considerable .advantage over many previous scanning units. In the dual-trace model it is capable
of being used for the improved detection of very faint lines in complex spectra. In the singletrace model with a measuring trace (so-called "peak-rider"),it can be used for the accurate and rapid measurement of line intensities for quantitative spectrographic analysis. With both models, accurate of
wavelengths can be made and the intensity determination distribution or line-shape easily observed and recorded.
Further studies on the measurement of organic (colouring) matter in natural waters
Authors: Ungar J , Thomas J F J
Published: July 2017

Measurements of organic colouring matter in water were made using visible and ultra-violet absorption spectra, fluorescence, and oxygen consumption from acid permanganate. These methods all have serious limitations. Measurement of the absorption at 425 mil, of
colour of buffered water is preferable to direct determination of Hazen colour scale. The ultra-violet absorption method is considered superior to the oxygen-consumption-from- permanganate test as a means of measuring organic colouring matter. Some comparison of fluorescence measurements with other
methods of measuring organic colouring matter is also reported.
Sensitivities for activation analysis with thermal or fast neutrons
Authors: Dibbs H P
Published: July 2017

This report introduces and contains a table of relevant data for activation analysis by means of slow (thermal) or fast (14MeV) neutrons. Only the most sensitive reaction has been selected for each element and sensitivities are listed for fast neutron fluxes of
10 8 n/crriZ/sec or thermal neutron fluxes of 10 7 n/cma/sec. This information is of value in. assessing the possible usefulness of neutron activation for analysis of materials of industrial interest.
Lightweight concrete aggregates from clays and shales in Quebec
Authors: Wilson H S
Published: July 2017

The f:irst half of the report includes a description of the types of 13.ghtweight aggregates, the properties of .lightweight concrete, the history of the expanded-clay and -shale industry, and the methods of production. Also, various theories on the causes of
bloating' are outlined and discussed. It is concluded that in most materials, the chemical analysis indicates whether the liquid phase formed on heating will be of the proper viscosity. The compounds that release bloating gases may be carbonates, organic material, sulphates, sulphides, hydrous
minerals, or ferric oxide. The 1.aboratoxy equipment and test procedures are described, and a brief account of the Palaeozoic and Pleistocene geology of Quebec and Ontario is given. In the second half of the report, the 68 locations from where 91 samples were taken are briefly described, and the
results of the tests are given. Twenty-one samples from 18 locations show promise of being suitable for production by the rotary kiln. Some of the other materials might be used for sintering.
Procedure for the fabrication of printed circuit boards
Authors: Bettens A H
Published: July 2017

The use of printed circuits in electronic equipment designed for research applications is described. Details of the procedure used and materials employed are given. These techniques are illustrated by specific examples of equipment in use in the Mineral Sciences
Division.
Improvement of cadmium plating bath compositions
Authors: Dingley W , Bednar J
Published: July 2017

Cyanide cadmium plating baths have been developed which are superior to those which have been recommended by previous investigators. In these baths the OH normality is equal to the CN normality. The following two baths are typical of those considered to be most
desirable: (I) (2) NaCN NaOH (g/l) (g/D 98.3 80.3 137.3 112.5 NaCN Cd Ratio Cd (g/I) (g/1) 34.5 2 . 8 48.8 2 . 8 Important characteristics of these baths are compared with those of the baths recommended in the past.
An all-solid-state ultrasonic power oscillator
Authors: Goodman R H , Bettens A H
Published: July 2017

This report describes a versatile all-solid-state power oscillator originally designed for use with an ultrasonic agitating system. The unit produces a variable frequency sine wave (25 to 100 kc) with a power output of 20 watts into output impedances of 8, 8,000
and 10,000 ohms. The circuit is completely protected from short circuiting of the output.
The floatability of eleven common non-metallic minerals
Authors: Wyman R A
Published: July 2017

The aqueous systems, including pH regulators and collectors, that affect the floatability of eleven common non-metallic minerals are outlined. The effect of six common modifiers on the floatability of these minerals in the aqueous systems employed is also
outlined. Results are presented graphically for ease of comparison. As the work is extended to include other minerals, similar minerals from different sources and additional aqueous systems, further reports will be issued. The project is intended to assist workers in the solution of problems
involving non-metallic mineral flotation.
Analytical procedures for a vanadium recovery process
Authors: Guest R J , Ingles J C
Published: July 2017

Analytical procedures are described for the determination of a number of elements in connection with a process for the recovery of high-purity vanadium compounds from vanadium-bearing boiler fly ash. Although the basic procedures used are standard ones, a number
of modifications have been made where necessitated by the nature of the sample material. A discussion of the reason for these modifications is included and the experimental work carried out on several procedures is described
Column flotation of uranium from Elliot Lake ore
Authors: Honeywell W R
Published: July 2017

This report describes investigations using the column flotation cell on an Elliot Lake ore sample. Results obtained from conducting exploratory tests followed by a statistically designed series of tests involving six operating variables using a two-inch-diameter
column cell are given. On deslimed uranium ore, a recovery of 90 per cent with a concentration ratio of 3.0 was obtained. These results are similar to those obtained using conventional cells in previous studies. On un-deslimed ore, recoveries in the order of 80 per cent, and concentration ratios
ranging from 4.7 to 8.3 were made. These concentration ratios are higher than can be obtained by conventional cells, but the recoveries are lower.
Some design aspects of the pressure-oxidation acid leaching of a Canadian uranium ore
Authors: Vezina J A , Gow W A
Published: July 2017

An investigation was done to determine the amount of heat and compressed air or oxygen required to leach Elliot Lake ore by pressure-oxidation, acid leaching. The tests were done on a batch scale with the leaching being done in a 50-gallon autoclave. The results
showed that 95% of the uranium was extracted f rom a typical Elliot Lake ore in three hours at a temperature of 302°F, a total gas pressure in the autoclave of 150 psi gauge and an oxygen partial pressure of about 9 psi absolute. To maintain these conditions when the oxygen is supplied as
compressed air would require 2207 cubic feet of dry air and 310,929 BTU per ton of ore. Conditions to obtain up to 96% uranium extraction in as little as two hours were also determined. The highest extraction rates and extractions, which were obtained with oxygen partial pressures of about 20
psi absolute, would necessitate the oxygen being supplied as compressed oxygen. The cost of heat and compressed air or oxygen to extract 95-96 per cent uranium in 2 to 4 hours by acid pressure oxidation would be in the range of $0.39 to $0.57 per ton of ore treated.
Recovery of copper and zinc from mine waste effluents with carboxylic-type ion-exchange resins
Authors: Gilmore A J
Published: July 2017

The recovery of copper and zinc from synthesized mine waste effluents containing up to 7.0 g/1 of total metal with the Rohm and Haas Limited carboxylic-type resins Amerlite IRC 50 and IRC 84 has been investigated. The adsorption characteristics of the resins from
the Na+ , NH4+ and H+ forms at feed pH values of from 3.6 to 6.0 were determined. The results of the work showed that under all conditions investigated the metals broke through very early in the adsorption cycle. An ion exchange operation run under these conditions to produce an effluent containing
<0.1 ppm of metal could be expensive, due to high capital cost in equipment and resin inventory.
Molybdenum ore, PR-1: its characterization and preparation for use as a standard reference material
Authors:   The staff of the mineral sciences division
Published: July 2017

To fulfil a need of Canadian industrial and commercial laboratories, the Mines Branch of the Department of Energy, Mines and Resources has undertaken a program to produce a number of standard reference ores of metallic minerals. This report describes the
characterization of molybdenum ore, PR-1, and its preparation for use as a standard reference material. The mineralogical, geological and chemical characteristics of PR-1 are given as well as the details of the methods used for its comminution and blending and for assessing its homogeneity. Nineteen
laboratories participated in the program by providing analytical results for molybdenum, bismuth, iron and sulphur. All these results and the evaluation of their statistical parameters are reported for each of the four elements. Recommended values of the means and their confidence limits are
given.
Development of an empirical mathematical model for a pulse sieve-plate extraction column
Authors: Pilgrim R F , Kelly F J
Published: July 2017

A satisfactory empirical mathematical model has been obtained to relate the extraction of uranium from an aqueous solution that pulsates through vertically-spaced horizontal sieve-plates in a short vertical column to the sieve-plate spacing, pulse frequency,
pulse height, flow rate of aqueous solution, plate diameter, and to the position of the inlet for the organic extractant. This was done by multivariable regression analysis of 34 statistically designed tests. The final model is complex but it indicates, in general, that higher extractions are
related to the result of the interaction between the pulse frequency and pulse height, to closer platespacing, to lower aqueous flow rates, to larger-diameter sieve-plates, and to the distance between the inlet for the organic extractant and the axis of the column. It was also shown that assessment
of optimum operating conditions for the column by traditional visual observations was not satisfactory for the tests described herein.
On the use of a penetrant dye to study ore permeability
Authors: Kaiman S
Published: July 2017

Tests showed that fractures and porous mineral constituents in rock specimens can be revealed by wetting the specimens with Zyglo, a surface-active oil. The fluorescence of Zyglo under ultraviolet light makes it possible to study the extent of its penetration and
thus to assess the permeability of the ore. Application of the technique to a radioactive conglomerate confirmed the suspected co-incidence of permeable zones in the ore and uranium mineral concentrations. This could explain the amenability of the ore to leaching.
Methods for the analysis of ilmenite, titanium-bearing slags and other electric furnace slags part IVB: the determination of aluminum in other types of ores and slags
Authors: Hitchen A , Zechanowitsch G
Published: July 2017

Adaptation of the method described in the previous report in this series*** to the determination of aluminum in a wide variety of ores and slags of quite different composition is described. Compatible methods for dissolution of these materials are
also given.
A data base management and information retrieval system employing computer programs MNGFLE and SRHFLE
Authors: Kelly F J
Published: July 2017

Two computer programs have been developed to manage and retrieve information from document reference files or data bases. The programs have proven to be reliable for these tasks and economic in operation. This report describes the development of these computer
programs and provides detailed information and instructions on their use.
The hydrodesulphurization of heavy gas-oils (650-975 ° f) derived from Athabasca bitumen
Authors: Soutar P S , McColgan E C , Merrill W H , Parsons B I
Published: July 2017

The hydrodesulphurization characteristics of three heavy gas-oils derived from Athabasca bitumen were determined and compared. The experimental work was undertaken in a bench-scale flow system at 2000 psi with the oil and hydrogen percolating up through a
fixed-bed of cobalt molybdate catalyst, i.e., the system was operated in a bottom-feed, mixed-phase mode. The range of temperatures investigated was from 320 to 420°C at liquid hourly space velocities of 1, 2, and 3 with a hydrogen flow rate of 5000 scf/bbl. The reference feed stock was a
gas-oil prepared commercially (500-850°F) from Athabasca bitumen by delayed coking. This was compared to two experimentally produced gas-oils (650-975°F) generated by the thermal and catalytic hydrocracking of Athabasca bitumen in a Mines Branch pilot plant. The reaction characteristics of
the three gas-oils were found to be very similar. Products comparable to ASTM Grades 4 and 5 fuel oils containing 0.3 to 1% sulphur could be produced at all the space velocities investigated at low reaction temperatures 340 to 400°C. Slightly more light-ends were produced with the
lower-boiling coker gas-oil than with the higher-boiling hydrocracked gas-oils but the amounts involved were not large. No significant catalyst deactivation was observed with any of the feed stocks over the 45-50 operating hours involved in any of the series of experiments.
Experiments with radiant heat for drying minerals
Authors: Wyman R A , Marshall T
Published: July 2017

Bulk drying requirements of the Industrial Minerals Milling Section, Mineral Processing Division, Mines Branch, EMR, Ottawa, Canada, range from a few pounds to several tons of varied mineral materials at varying moisture contents. Experiments were carried out
with two drying devices to see if a simple process would prove capable of handling these requirements satisfactorily. A system employing infrared heaters, with a face area just equal to that of the bottom of a vibrating conveyor over which they were suspended, was found capable of removing an
average of 13.6 pounds (6.2 kg) of water for an average feed rate of 275 pounds (124 kg). This required 313 kilowatts of power per ton of solids treated at an approximate cost of $7.80 per ton dried.
Flotation of uranium from Elliot Lake ores
Authors: Honeywell W R , Kaiman S
Published: July 2017

This paper describes flotation test work conducted over the past several years at the Mines Branch, Ottawa, on the radioactive quartz-pebble conglomerate ores of the Elliot Lake area of Ontario. The purpose of this work has been to produce a uranium flotation
concentrate for subsequent leaching operations. The results of earlier investigations are summarized and correlated with the results of mineralogical studies of the ores and flotation products. The results of recent pilot-plant investigations by flotation, as well as by gravity concentration
followed by flotation of the gravity tailings, are given. The principal collector used for uranium flotation was a tall oil fatty acid, and the indicated total cost of all reagents ranged from 21 to 31 cents per ton of ore treated
Glass insert stressmeters
Authors: Barron K
Published: July 2017

The glass insert stressmeter, or photoelastic stressmeter, is an instrument designed to determine stress changes occurring in rocks. It has several potential advantages over other such devices in that it is a biaxial device, it is simple and it is cheap to make.
The object of this study was to assess the behaviour of the meter under biaxial loads and to examine some of the problems associated with measurement and interpretation of the fringe pattern. This assessment has been carried out by comparing theoretical and laboratory behaviour of the meter. It has
been shown that: a) There are certain optimum measuring points in the meter at which measurements should be made for best accuracy. The position of the points depends on the ratio, n, of the biaxial stresses. b) The meter's sensitivity can be assumed to be independent of the rock modulus E provided
that the rock modulus is <2.5 x 10 6 psi and not, as previous workers have assumed, if E <5 x 10 6 psi. c) There are several methods of separating the principal stresses; some of these are unsatisfactory. A new method is proposed and discussed. d) The meter sensitivity
decreases as the ratio df the biaxial stresses approaches unity; the accuracy thus also decreases. e) The axes of symmetry of the fringe pattern give an excellent indication of applied stress direction. f) Laboratory calibrations are in good agreement with theory.
Experimental criteria for classification of rock substances
Authors: Coates D F , Parsons R C
Published: July 2017

The classification system previously suggested for consideration uses categories describing both the rock substance and the rock mass. The rock substance was to be classified with respect to strength, pre-failure deformation characteristics and failure
characteristics. The divisions within these categories were to be kept to a minimum owing to the much greater importance of structural features in determining the behaviour of most rock masses. Also, the detailed rock properties appropriate for specific problems cannot be considered in a
classification system which must be based on information that can be easily obtained. Since the original proposal, many research workers have offered criticisms and alternate suggestions. Also, extensive testing has been done on a wide range of rock substances to determine if the previously
suggested criteria produced classifications that are acceptable from a common-sense point of view. As a result of the suggestions by others and the classification testing, it is now recommended that the previous proposal be modified to include the geological name of the rock and to change the
dividing line between weak and strong to 700 ksc (10,000 psi). In addition, owing to the variety of patterns of rheological behaviour, it is thought that instead of trying to distinguish between elastic and viscous substances and plastic and brittle failure based on deformation characteristics, it
might be better simply to classify the substance as either elastic or yielding with the term yielding meaning a certain minimum time-dependent strain rate or a certain proportion of total strain being permanent. Further criticisms and suggestions are invited.
Use of 'on-line' computer for Mössbauer experiments
Authors: Goodman R H , Richardson J E
Published: July 2017

The application of a small general purpose computer as an "on line" data acquisition device for Mössbauer effect experiments is described. A method of conversion from analog to digital information and an outline of the computer program are given. The
performance of the system is demonstrated by a Mössbauer spectrum of iron sulphide (pyrite). The extension of these techniques to other experiments is briefly considered.
The effects of some variations in fabrication procedure on the properties of lead zirconate-titanate ceramics made from spraydried, co-precipitated powders
Authors: Webster A H , Weston T B , McNamara V M
Published: July 2017

Lead zirconate-titanate piezoelectric ceramic disks were prepared from spray-dried, co-precipitated powders by cold-pressing and sintering. The effects of several processing variables on the electromechanical properties of the ceramics were determined. It was
found that satisfactory samples could be fabricated from the spray-dried powders without milling, and that the forming pressure could be varied over a considerable range with little effect on the final properties. Disks sintered in oxygen showed only a slight improvement in properties over those
sintered in air. In general, an increase in planar coupling factor could be achieved by increasing the sintering temperature or sintering time, but some decrease in dielectric constant was observed at the highest temperatures and longest times. Precipitates with a slight excess or deficiency of lead
oxide tended toward stoichiometry with respect to lead oxide during sintering under appropriate conditions.
Pull Tests as a Measure of Roof Bolt Efficiency and of Roof Bolt Design AND Roof Bolt Anchorage at Michel Colliery AND Roof Bolting Practices, Dominion Coal Company Limited, Sydney, N. S. AND Discussion - Forum on Roof Bolting AND Roof Bolting Effectiveness at Michel
Authors: Cochrane T S , Grant F , Dwarkin L M , MacFadgen D , Coates D
F
Published: July 2017

A variety of practical tests have been tried in the mining industry to determine the support properties of mine roof bolts. Such tests include torsion wrench readings, hammer blow tests and the use of plates with built-in tension indicators. This paper gives some
details of pull tests with a hydraulic jack, as carried out in coal mines of western Canada. AND The use of roof bolting gave promise of substantial economic benefits to Continuous Miner operations at Michel Colliery. As the first step in the adoption of bolting, 142 anchorage tests, employing six
types of anchor shells, were made in three mines. Significant differences were found in the anchorage capabilities of the various shells and the various roof rocks. AND Since 1950, a total of 164 miles of levels and rooms have been roofbolted in the collieries of the Dominion Coal Company. Roof
bolting is an efficient and economic method of support where heavy timber sets or steel booms are necessary for temporary roof support, or where conventional methods of support interfere with the passage of mechanical mining equipment. This paper discusses present roof bolting practices and special
bolting applications. AND Crows Nest Industries Limited adopted roof bolting in 1963 to improve roof control and to extend continuous miner utilization in one mine. Bolting was held back because anchorage tests gave inconsistent results. The time lapse between mining and bolting was suspected as a
cause, and so a test entry was driven and sections of it were bolted as part of the work cycle in addition to the normal timbering. This paper presents the results of the instrumentation of test entries and discusses the utilization of the data to improve mining procedure
Galvanizing of low-alloy high-strength steels
Authors: Sebisty J J , Palmer R H
Published: July 2017

Laboratory studies have been made on the galvanizing behaviour of several grades of low-alloy high-strength steel sheet in iron-saturated lead-containing zinc baths otherwise alloyed with chromium, manganese, nickel and vanadium. Beneficial modifications in
coating formation and structure revealed were primarily related to suppression of the iron-zinc reaction rate. This was reflected in levelling out of iron-zinc alloy irregularities in coatings on normal activity steels and, at the opposite extreme, the characteristic linear attack of
silicon-containing materials was drastically altered to a parabolic form. The bath addition of 0. 1°fo V was found to be most effective and 0.2% Cr, 0. 2% Ni and 0.5% Mn followed in that order. Within limits defined by the tests, use of such additions appears to offer improved
control of the coating process in galvanizing of this class of steels.
Comparison of u and Mo in improving the corrosion resistance of AISI 430 stainless steel AND How uranium affects corrosion of resulfurized stainlesses AND Corrosion fatigue of structural metals in mine shaft waters
Authors: Biefer G J , Garrison J G , Crawford W M
Published: July 2017

Addition of up to 1.57% U to types 416 and 430F (both resulfurized grades) increases their resistance to nitric acid at room temperature. Alterations in sulfide compositions and shapes (from stringers to globules) are apparently responsible AND Fatigue
and corrosion fatigue measurements were carried out on five commercially available metals four steels and an aluminum alloy which are used as structural materials in mine shaft conveyances. In the corrosion fatigue measurements, drain waters collected in the shafts of three different Canadian
mines were used as corrodents. The mine waters had been selected on the basis of their relatively large differences in acidity and/ or composition. It was found that the corrosion fatigue strengths of the four steels were similar, despite their differences in tensile properties, and that the type of
water used in the tests had little effect on the results. Mild steel showed the highest and most consistent values of the damage ratio (ratio between the corrosion fatigue and the plain fatigue strengths at 107 cycles). The corrosion fatigue behaviour of the aluminum alloy (ASTM Type 6061-T6) was
found to differ markedly in the three mine waters. A high damage ratio (i.e., superior performance) was shown in a mine water in which the corrosion attack was uniform; much lower damage ratios were shown in waters which produced localized corrosion attack. Corrosion rates were too low to be
determined conveniently by conventional weight-loss methods, but calculations from polarization curves provided a rapid demonstration that corrosion rates were distinctly lower in the mine water which produced high damage ratios
Critical resolved shear stress of lead
Authors: Weinberg F
Published: July 2017

Measurements of the critical resolved shear stress of lead are reported as 'a function of temperature, purity, solute additions, and orientation. By annealing in situ it was found that the value of the CRSS can be reduced, the scatter between specimens decreased,
and the same specimen can be tested a number of times. Over the temperature range 4.2 °K to 600 °K (the melting point) the CRSS decreased from 53 g/mm2 to approximately 10 girnm2. Between 100 °K and 300 °K the temperature dependence of the CRSS is the same as that of the shear
modulus. It was found that the CRSS is relatively insensitive to differences in the trace impurity level and to solute additions of 0.1% Sn and 0.02% Cu. Additions of 1.0% Sn appreciably increase the CRSS at low temperatures. The orientation dependence of the CRSS is similar to that
shown for copper, with higher values at the edges and corners of the stereographic triangle. Under optimum conditions the average value of the CRSS of lead is 34 g/inin2 at 78 °K. This value is anomalously high when compared to that of copper, using buNi for the flow stress to make the
comparison.
The application of ore microscopy to mineral benefication
Authors: Petruk W
Published: July 2017

This paper presents a brief description of the application of ore microscopy to mineral beneficiation. The microscopic examination generally serves to identify the minerals, to gain some idea of their composition, and to enable the textural relationships to the
elucidated. In some cases, microscopic study is augmented by X-ray diffraction, and by chemical, spectrographic or electronmicroprobe analyses. In other cases, a statistical treatment based on grain counting of mill products provides useful information on the efficacy of beneficiation
procedures.
Hot-working mechanisms
Authors: McQueen H J
Published: July 2017

Before introducing the results of hot-working experiments, the techniques and their limitations are described. Microstructural observations and mechanical measurements are discussed separately. The microstructure of hot-worked single-phase alloys consists of
polygonized cells; the degree of polygonization increases with rise in temperature, decrease in strain rate and greater facility of dislocation crossslip and climb. The mechanism thus appears to be dynamic recovery without recrystallization. Recrystallization in the course of deformation may occur
in multi-phase alloys. It is shown that the most suitable empirical expression relating strain rate, temperature and flow stress can be interpreted in terms of a stress-aided, thermally-activated process
The mechanism of the formation of lead hexaferrite
Authors: Bowman W S , Sutarno R , Bright N F H , Horwood J L
Published: July 2017

Studies of the mechanism of the formation of lead hexaferrite from its constituent oxides have been conducted. The reactions were studied by differential thermal analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction procedures and by magnetic susceptibility
measurements. It was found that the nature of the intermediate product(s) was dependent upon the technique of mixing, and the time and temperature of heating. There is an indication that there may be considerable variations in the temperature dependence of the various possible intermediate
reactions. A kinetic model describing the behaviour of the system is postulated. The intermediate compounds observed were 2Pb0.Fe,03 and Pb0.2Fe0Q3 , The latter can be distinguished from the structurally-similar Pb0.6Fe00 3 by the use of magnetic susceptibility measurements.
Analysis of grading effects on hydraulic and consolidated fill AND Mine fill system design based on optimization
Authors: Coates D F , Yu Y S , Gyenge M
Published: July 2017

An optimization computer program has been developed in order to solve multi-variable problems with non-linear functions. The resultant program can handle substantially any number of variables, and it is readily adaptable for actual conditions. As a sample
multi-variable design problem, the optimization of a simplified mine-fill transportation system was analysed. From several possible parameters, the following four variables were selected and manipulated during this study: (1) the diameter of the vertical borehole, (2) the diameter of the horizontal
steel pipe, (3) the duration of the filling operation in hours per day and (4) the solids concentration in the slurry. It was found that the optimum cost solution obtained by the analyses resulted in borehole and pipe sizes that are very close to those currently being used in practice for the given
conditions.
The story of the early days of the extraction of helium gas from natural gas in Canada, 1915-1920
Authors: Satterly J
Published: July 2017

A gap in the historical record of the early research on helium gas in Canada is filled by the author, who narrates from memory and from notes his recollections of the origin and progress of the, 1915-1920 helium project sponsored in Canada by the British
Admiralty in an effort to obtain helium for use in lighter-than-air ships. Details are given of the staff concerned; of the first experimental extraction plant at Hamilton; and of the second experimental extraction plant at Calgary, where, from early 1918 to April 1920, about 60, 000 cu ft of helium
of 60 to 90 percent purity was recovered from Canadian natural gas from the Bow Island (Alberta) field.
Directory and bibliography of high temperature condensed states research in Canada and elsewhere, 1959.
Authors: Bright N F H
Published: July 2017

This is the first of an intended quarterly series of bulletins giving bibliographies of work in the high temperature condensed state field that has been published in Canada and elsewhere. This report covers the year 1959 for Canada, and the latter part of 1959
for other countries such as the U.S.A., the U.K., the U.S.S.R., India, Austria, France, Belgium, and Scandinavia. Lists of establishments and workers engaged in this type of work in Canada are given, together with the specific fields of interest of the workers concerned.
Backfill methods in Canadian mines
Authors: Twidale M A
Published: July 2017

In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the use and effect of filling empty stopes with material that is available at the individual mine and will satisfactorily arrest ground movement. A few years ago, the attitude in some cases was to recover
the economic minerals at as low a cost as possible, paying little attention to the future life and profits of the mine. Fortunately, the attitude to-day is to look more to the future and to the use of fill to preserve the mine workings. The use of hydraulically transported sand that has been
obtained from the crushed and ground ore as tailings or from alluvial deposits is described in some detail. The use of coarse waste rock and of sand and gravel, involving handling and placing in the dry state, is discussed and some operating costs are supplied. An outline is given of the Resuing
method of stoping. Details are given of two mines in which a consolidating fill material is used that does not require any support after the consolidation has taken place. In most cases, cost figures are given for comparison purposes; this is meant merely as a guide for European engineers, for it is
recognized that there is little similarity with European conditions and wage rates.
Bibliography of high-temperature condensed states research in Canada, July-September, 1962
Authors: Bright N F H
Published: July 2017

This report contains bibliographic information concerning research work on high-temperature condensed states published in Canadian journals during the period July, August and September, 1962.
Bibliography of high-temperature condensed states research in Canada, October-December, 1962
Authors: Bright N F H
Published: July 2017

This report contains bibliographic information concerning research work on high-temperature condensed states published in Canadian journals during the period October, November and December, 1962 ,
the physics and radiotracer subdivision of the Mines Branch, 1959-1963
Authors: Eichholz G G
Published: July 2017

The work of the Physics and Radiotracer Subdivision of the Mines Branch during 1959-1963 is reviewed. Particular attention is drawn to the close link between industry and government laboratories in this field, which is rapidly growing in importance and is
inadequately served by private facilities. A survey is provided of the major projects in radiochemistry, tracer applications, activation analysis and the development of specialized control instrumentation. A detailed bibliography is appended.
Bibliography of high-temperature condensed states research published in Canada, October-December, 1963
Authors: Bright N F H
Published: July 2017

This report contains bibliographic information concerning research work on high-temperature condensed states published in Canadian journals during the period October to December, 1963. A short list of compilations of data published in the United States on the
high-temperatu.re properties of materials is included. A list of laboratories and research workers in the United Kingdom, active in high-temperature condensed states research, is also included.
Bibliography of high-temperature condensed states research published in Canada, April - June, 1964
Authors: Bright N F H
Published: July 2017

This report contains bibliographic information concerning research work on high-temperature condensed states published in Canadian journals during the period April to June, 1964.
Bibliography of high-temperature condensed states research published in Canada, January - March, 1 965
Authors: Bright N F H
Published: July 2017

This report contains bibliographic information concerning research work on high-temperature condensed states published in Canadian journals from January 1 to March 31, 1965.
The preparation of "as polished" metallographic finishes in non-ferrous metals
Authors: Hamilton R I , Connors E F
Published: July 2017

Various methods that have been shown to give consistently good results in the preparation of metallographic samples are described. The selection and application of these techniques to the various alloys is discussed relative to the class of examination required.
The avoidance of certain pitfalls is discussed and information is given on a number of minor points that collectively can lead to a considerable improvement in technique.
A review of DMIC memorandum 215, "Titanium, 1966" (September 1, 1966)
Authors: Kinsey H V
Published: July 2017

The publication under review, "Titanium, 1966" (issued on September 1, 1966, as Memorandum 215 by the Defense Metals Information Center, Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus 1, Ohio), is a collection of fourteen lectures that were presented at a Titanium
Symposium held at Hawthorne, Calif. , on March 28-29, 1966, under the sponsorship of the Norair Division of the Northrop Corporation. The primary objective of the symposium was to provide technical personnel of diversified disciplines with a working knowledge of titanium technology. The papers were
designed to be of value to a non-metallurgical technical audience as well as to those familiar with titanium technology. The secondary objective was to emphasize the need for the utilization of all required support technologies, such as materials, manufacturing, quality control, and so forth, early
in the conceptional design state rather than piecemeal after the design has been formalized.
A review of copper converting
Authors: Reeve D A
Published: July 2017

The development of copper converting is traced from its beginnings up to the present day. Methods are reviewed for improving converter operations at various plants, both in Canada and abroad. The physical chemistry of (a) the constitution of mattes charged to
converters, (b) the converting process itself and (c) converter slags is discussed, and problems caused by magnetite formation and copper losses are mentioned. Emphasis is laid on the new technological developments of air-blast enrichment with oxygen and continuous copper converting. It is concluded
that insufficient data are available on the basic chemistry of the converting process.