bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Marital Discord of Parents on Taiwanese Adolescents’ Academic Achievement: The Mediating and Moderating Effect of Maternal Parenting Practice
Authors: Lee Chien-Ti , Beckert Troy E , Wu Chyi-In , Kuan Ping-Yin
Published: February 2019

Previous studies point out that family experience is strongly linked to adolescents’ adjustment in school and has a central status in the field of educational sociology. However, the mechanism that operates between parental marital discord and Taiwanese adolescent children’s future academic achievement is not clear. The purposes of this study were to examine the impact of parental marital conflict on adolescents’ academic achievement and to determine if maternal parenting practices mediated or moderated the impact. Drawing on responses from 931 pairs of Taiwanese mothers and adolescent children, a longitudinal data collection approach using panel design provided repeated measurement of marital discord. Over the course of two years, adolescents reported on their academic achievements and their perceptions of maternal parenting practices while mothers completed questionnaires evaluating marital discord. The results of this study supported a spilled-over effect (partial mediation) model but failed to support a compensation (moderation) model. Overall, marital discord not only had a direct negative effect on adolescent academic achievement but also demonstrated an indirect impact through less desirable and adverse parenting practices with adolescent children.
Joint Physical Custody and Communication with Parents: A Cross-National Study of Children in 36 Western Countries
Authors: Bjarnason Thoroddur , Amarsson Arsaell M
Published: February 2019

An increasing number of divorced parents in Western countries have joint physical custody of their children. A comparative study of children in 36 European, Mediterranean, and North American countries found that 0–4% spend about half their time in two homes. Such arrangements were virtually unknown in many Southern and Eastern European countries while they were more common than single father households in Belgium, Denmark, Iceland, and Sweden. Impaired communication with both mother and father was significantly less likely in joint physical custody than in other non-intact families. Impaired communication with mother was equally prevalent in intact families and joint physical custody families while impaired communication with father was in fact less prevalent in joint physical custody than intact families.
Understanding High Levels of Singlehood in Singapore
Authors: Jones Gavin W , Yanxia Zhang , Zhi Pamela Chia Pei
Published: February 2019

The trend towards late marriage and nonmarriage has characterized East and Southeast Asia over the past three decades. Singlehood levels in Singapore are high, particularly among the Chinese population. Based on a recent qualitative study on 30 single Singaporeans of Chinese descent, the paper examines a number of factors relevant to the high level of singlehood among Chinese population in Singapore. The high financial and opportunity costs of marrying and raising a family are shown to be relevant, as well as increasing individualism and changing attitudes about marriage. The paper argues that the trend towards marriage postponement and non-marriage in Singapore is related to increasing emphasis on freedom, independence and self-actualization, greater individual decision making about marriage, the increasing social acceptability of premarital sex and cohabitation and changing attitudes about the desirability of marriage. Some findings from our Singapore case seem to echo the second demographic transition as reported in many Western societies. These findings may have implications for the Singapore government’s population and social policy in terms of shaping positive attitudes towards marriage and procreation and building effective matchmaking institutions.
Recent Changes in the Post-Yugoslav Family: The Disappearance of the Last Extended Family in Europe
Authors: Flere Sergej , Klanjšek Rudi
Published: February 2019

The paper studies the contemporary development of family patterns in the countries of the former Yugoslavia. Historically, these patterns varied considerably, from the extended family (zadruga, fis) present in Orthodox and Muslim regions, to the European conjugal family as typical of Western Europe in Slovenia. Current trends indicate a prevalence of modernization developments, despite the dissolution of Yugoslavia and the lack of a common state framework. The uniform pattern is even more clearly evinced in those countries where the extended family existed until the very dissolution of Yugoslavia (particularly Kosovo, where it seems the extended family has finally disappeared). Thus, a diminution in the average household size, in the average number of children born, is noted in all countries, particularly in those with previously high fertility rates. Finally, attitudes towards social roles within matrimony also indicate a convergence, towards favoring the parity of partners, in contrast to high variance on this issue during the existence of Yugoslavia, where traditionalistic attitudes prevailed, particularly in Kosovo and Macedonia. This finding does not lend support to the clash of civilizations thesis.
Family Rituals: Mapping The Postmodern Family Through Time, Space and Emotion
Authors: Costa Rosalina Pisco
Published: February 2019

Beyond metaphors of fragility, fluidity and liquidity, this paper intends to address the question of “what makes the contemporary family?” Inspired by the work of David Morgan, the postmodern family is mapped looking at family practices, specifically the ones which fit into a larger category: family rituals within divorced families with small children. Methodologically, the analysis relies on the accounts on birthday anniversaries, family vacations and Christmas celebrations, provided through episodic interviews, applied to Portuguese middle-class both men and women, in the context of a broader qualitative study. While some sociological recent theorization emphasizes the image of a family of inaccurate contours; through rituals it can be experienced by the actors themselves and, at the same time, observed and perceived by outsiders. In divorced families, children play a major role in the adults’ meanings of family rituals, forcing its reinvention. The experiences of “the last” or “the first” birthday, vacations or Christmas “prior to” or “after” the divorce, “with” and “without” the children, are iconic of how rituals somehow suspend families’ daily life in the view of a “special time and space.” This ephemeral condition is fundamental to understand not only “the families we live with,” but also “the families we live by” (Gillis, 1996), in this early 21st century.
How Love Emerges in Arranged Marriages: Two Cross-cultural Studies
Authors: Epstein Robert , Pandit Mayuri , Thakar Mansi
Published: February 2019

Two studies (N = 52) examined how love emerged in arranged marriages involving participants from 12 different countries of origin and 6 different religions. The first study (n = 30), mainly qualitative in design, found that selfreported love grew from a mean of 3.9 to 8.5 on a 10-point scale. A number of factors were identified that appeared to contribute to the growth of love, the most important of which was commitment. In the second study (n = 22), mainly quantitative in design, 36 factors that might contribute to the growth of love were assessed, with participants indicating on a 13-point scale (from -6 to +6) whether each factor made their love grow weaker or stronger. Love grew from a mean of 5.1 to 9.2, and sacrifice and commitment emerged as the most powerful factors in strengthening love. These and other factors appear to work because they make people feel vulnerable in each other’s presence, a hypothesis that is consistent with a growing body of laboratory research. The fact that love can grow in some arranged marriages—and that this process can apparently be analyzed and understood scientifically—raises the possibility that practices that are used to strengthen love in arranged marriages could be introduced into autonomous marriages in Western cultures, where love normally weakens over time.
European Men’s Use of Parental Leave and Their Involvement in Child Care and Housework
Authors: Meil Gerardo
Published: February 2019

Over the last ten years, equal opportunities policy has tended to actively further men’s use of parental leave to favour gender equality. This article draws from the European 2005 Working Conditions Survey, and more specifically the subsample of fathers with children under the age of three to analyse whether paternity leave is related to their greater involvement in childcare and housework. Zero-inflated Poisson regression analysis, controlling for working conditions, family circumstances, level of schooling, women’s empowerment in society and duration of leave, revealed a direct relationship between paternity leave taking in the year prior to the survey and their involvement in daily childcare and housework. Such use of parental leave appears, then, to be an effective mechanism for promoting greater gender equality in the domestic domain.
Adult Sibling and Sibling-In-Law Relationships in South Korea: Continuity and Change of Confucian Family Norms
Authors: Sung Miai , Lee Jaerim
Published: February 2019

The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of adult sibling and sibling-in-law relationships in South Korea. Given that Confucian and egalitarian norms have coexisted and often collided in families in contemporary Korea, this study sets out to examine how Confucian norms with regards to age and gender have remained the same or changed in the context of Korean adult sibling and sibling-in-law relationships. In-depth interviews were conducted with 17 middle-aged Koreans (nine men and eight women) who were married and had at least one sibling and one sibling-in-law. A thematic analysis revealed that brothers and their wives experienced relational difficulties because of conflicts in Confucian versus egalitarian expectations on the eldest couple’s roles or due to the unmet roles on their normative expectations. Thanks to the contemporary versions of Confucian gender norms, sisters reported that they had close relationships and frequent interactions without concerns about instrumental responsibilities within their families-of-origin. Brother-sister relationships typically remained distant after marriage because of Confucian gender norms that differentiated brothers as insiders and married sisters as outsiders from their families-of-origin. These findings suggest that the co-existence of Confucian and egalitarian family norms plays an important role in shaping the dynamics of adult sibling and sibling-in-law relationships in contemporary Korea.
“My Filipina is from Ghana:” Transnational Migration, Nannies and Family Life
Authors: Hutter Mark
Published: February 2019

Nanny caretakers come from many countries throughout the world and serve families in many different countries. This paper will examine the complexity of the domestic emotional labor relationship that can exist between nanny caretakers and their charges—children or the elderly. It will give attention to the transnational social relationships that exist between nannies who maintain emotional, social, economic, and familial ties to their own family members who reside in their home countries while taking care of family members who live in the migrating country. Further, it will examine the development of relationships among family members who have joined the nannies in their foreign country. The impact of geographical mobility and separation on the processes of identification formation as well as processes of assimilation and acculturation to life in their new country will be investigated. The implications this has for future family relationships for nannies both in their country of origin and in their country of residence is of concern.
The Development of The Outline For Migrant Family Research: The Case of Lithuania
Authors: Juozeliūnienė Irena
Published: February 2019

The de-bordering of Europe and the development of intra-European mobility is seen as one of the main factors of recent wave of the mass emigration from Lithuania giving rise of the family changes. The article aims to trace the development of the outline for migrant family research by discussing the social, empirical and theoretical premises that has lead the author for further research of families touched by migration through the lens of changes, resources, definitions of the situations and impact management practices. An innovative methodological and theoretical approach to study migrant families is introduced with the focus on pragmatic approach and integrative methodology, combination of theories, methods, and data for the purpose of analytic density. The author theorizes family change and coping with hardships by means of ideas of symbolic interactionism, theoretical constructs of intergenerational solidarity, kin networks, personal networks and conceptions of family practices: doing and displaying family.
Family Relations as Social Capital
Authors: Prandini Riccardo
Published: February 2019

This essay focuses on the relevance of family relationships (conceived as familial social capital) to the common good (conceived as public social capital). The article consists of three sections. The first is an attempt to discover why some prominent social capital theories do not consider family ties a specific form of social capital; in fact, modernist ideology (particularly widespread in Italy) tends to exclude them from the scientific debate. The second section outlines a concept of familial social capital based on relational variables as has been used in Italian empirical research to show the scientific usefulness of reintroducing family ties into the social capital. The third section summarises the results of some empirical studies on family relationships as fostering the wellbeing of family members and the development of communitarian, associative and generalised social capital too. The conclusion underlines the importance of familial ties in transmitting civic virtues, reciprocity, and trusting attitudes from (some forms of) family to the wider society.
The Role of Marital Status in Emotional Intelligence, Happiness, Optimism and Hope
Authors: Khodarahimi Siamak
Published: February 2019

The role of marital status in emotional intelligence, happiness, optimism and hope was examined as well as the relationships between emotional intelligence, happiness, optimism and hope. The role of demographic factors was then considered in relation to these constructs. The participants included 500 individuals who were selected from Shiraz City; Fars province, Iran. A demographic questionnaire and five self-rating measures were used in this study. Married individuals demonstrated higher levels of “emotional intelligence,” “happiness,” and “trait/state hope” than widowed, divorced, single and remarried individuals. The “emotion attention” subscale of emotional intelligence was negatively correlated to “happiness,” “dispositional hope” and “state hope.” Emotional intelligence was found to correlate negatively to the “agency” factor of “state hope” on the “emotion clarity” subscale. Happiness correlated negatively with “optimism” and positively with “hope.” The roles of age, gender, occupation, level of education and ethnicity in the emotional intelligence, happiness, optimism, and trait and state hope were not significant.
Emotion Socialization and Children’s Behavioral Problems in China and the United States
Authors: Yu Tianyi , Volling Brenda L , Niu Weihua
Published: February 2019

This study focused on the emotion socialization practices (ESP) of mothers and fathers with their 4-year-old children in the U.S. and China in predicting children’s externalizing and internalizing behavior problems. Participants were 111 preschool children (58 Chinese, 53 U.S.) and their parents. Chinese parents were less supportive in response to their children’s negative emotions than U.S. parents. Father’s ESP were particularly salient predictors of Chinese children’s behavior, whereas mother’s ESP uniquely predicted U.S. children’s behavior. Several interactions indicated that it was the combined influence of mothers’ and fathers’ ESP that predicted Chinese children’s behavior, underscoring the importance of a family systems’ perspective.
Life Plans of Estonian Young Adults and Their Realization: The Impact of Parental Divorce in the Context of Late Socialism and the Post-Socialist Transition
Authors: Rootalu Kadri , Kasearu Kairi , Tooding Liina-Mai
Published: February 2019

Previous studies have shown a connection between parental family characteristics, young adults’ life plans and their actual family life events. However, less is known about parental family influence in the context of the latesocialist period and rapid social, economic and political change. We use data from the longitudinal survey Paths of a generation in Estonia to look at the life plans and actual life events of the students graduating from secondary schools during the Soviet period in 1983. We compare the life plans of leaving home and starting a family made during the Soviet regime to the same life events actually occurring in 1986-2005. The analyses show that only the girls from families with divorced parents plan to start their independent lives earlier than girls from families with both biological parents. On the other hand, in the plans for family formation (marriage and birth of the first child) there are no major differences between these groups. In the actual life events of girls, however, we see the influence of parental dissolution. Girls from divorced families do not plan to create a family earlier than others, but in reality they do so. The result suggests that the parental family has an important role in shaping girls’ lives in the context of the late socialist period and societal change. Boys’ life plans seem to be more influenced by their educational choices than by the parental family.
The Transforming Educational Gradient in Marital Disruption in Northern Europe: A Comparative Study Based on GGS Data
Authors: Puur Allan , Rahnu Leen , Maslauskaitė Aušra , Stankūnienė Vlada
Published: February 2019

A substantial body of research has accumulated on the socio-economic correlates of marital instability. Previous studies have shown considerable variation in the association between women’s educational attainment and marital disruption. This article complements existing research by investigating the pattern of this relationship across countries and its change over time. The main geographical focus is on Northern Europe but evidence is also presented from countries in other regions of the continent. The data come from the Generations and Gender Surveys conducted from 2004 to 2010. The estimates from Cox proportional hazards models reveal considerable variation in the educational gradient of disruption risks. We find that among the Northern European countries, Norway and East Germany exhibit a negative relationship between women’s education and marital disruption. In contrast, Lithuania features a positive association, while Estonia and West Germany show a neutral relationship. The observed pattern seems to follow the advancement of family deinstitutionalisation and women’s increased economic autonomy. With regard to temporal change, our study lends support to the view that the relationship between women’s educational attainment and marital disruption is not static but evolves from positive to neutral and further to negative. Due to the contextual features discussed in the article, Northern Europe can be regarded as a forerunner in this development among the regions of Europe.
A Counterfactual Analysis of the Gender Gap in Parenting Time: Explained and Unexplained Variances at Different Stages of Parenting
Authors: Buchanan Tom , McFarlane Adian , Das Anupam
Published: February 2019

This paper uses the 2010 General Social Survey in Time Use (Canadian time diary data, N = 1,932) to examine the gender gap in parental time allocated to childcare for families at different stages indicated by ages of children. We suggest that the general increase in fathers’ time with children matters little as long as a substantial gender gap remains. We analyse how the gender gap in weekday childcare time varies at different life stages of parenting. The Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition technique is used with weighted time use averages to compare childcare time allocations of mothers and fathers from couples in which at least one person works full time. We argue that the analysis of the childcare gender gap during the week is the most indicative of changing or persistent gender roles. Our results suggest fathers allocate the most time to childcare at the youngest stages of the family. However, the differences in mean characteristics do not account for the entire gap. Gender differences, and the unexplained proportion of the differences, decrease markedly as children leave toddlerhood. The decomposition analyses suggest that market forces and family characteristics do not fully explain the gap in childcare time with the exception of the passage from toddlerhood. We suggest the fluctuating gap is consistent with childrens’ age-linked traditional gendered family role expectations. The decomposition approach contributes to our understanding of gendered division of labor in parenting by counterfactually analyzing the gap beyond the father and mother characteristic differences.
Adapting to Marriage Markets: International Marriage Migration from Vietnam to South Korea
Authors: Lee Hyunok , Williams Lindy , Arguillas Florio
Published: February 2019

International marriage migration, while not an entirely new phenomenon, became numerically important in parts of Asia in the early 2000s. This research examines some of the reasons for the rise in marital unions between Vietnamese women and South Korean men. Using census data, we assess the extent to which partner shortages existed for men in South Korea and for women in Vietnam at the onset of the rise in marriage migration. We then use survey data to identify some of the characteristics of those who have entered international unions. While we identify a substantial marriage squeeze on certain subgroups of Korean men at the time marriage migration was expanding, the same is not true for women in Vietnam, at least at the national level. To help explain what has motivated some women in Vietnam to enter into international marriages, we turn to data from in-depth interviews. We also discuss the roles played by international marriage brokerage agencies and migrant networks in the process. Our analysis suggests that the growth in the international marriage market between South Korea and Vietnam has been spurred by several drivers: (1) demographic, as seen in the marriage squeeze on rural men in Korea, (2) cultural, in terms of the continuing importance of marital hypergamy in both contexts, (3) economic, as an important motivator of Vietnamese marriage migrants, (4) institutional (with the ongoing but perhaps declining importance of marriage brokers), and (5) the growing role of interpersonal networks.
African Single Mothers’ Experiences of Work and Career in South Africa
Authors: Mkhize Nhlanhla , Msomi Ronelle
Published: February 2019

The work and career experiences of African, single mothers from low socio-economic backgrounds have been ignored in previous research: the literature has largely focused on the family and work balance experiences of middle class women. The current study investigated the family and work balance experiences of a mixed group of emerging middle class and poor African women employed as semi/professionals or as labourers. A qualitative research design was employed. Nine participants, ranging in age from 26 to 52 years, were interviewed. Data were analysed by means of the voice-centred, relational method. Most participants held an instrumentalist view of work and career as an opportunity to earn a living to support themselves and their families. This finding was more prevalent amongst the single mothers employed as labourers. Participants also saw work and career as an opportunity to rise out of poverty and contribute to their society. The view that work was intrinsically satisfying was rare and circumscribed to only a few in the semi/professional group. The absence of a father figure in the participants’ lives had economic and social consequences for their families; both groups struggled to balance work and family life. The findings call for educational and work programmes centred around an emancipatory, social justice orientation to enable single mothers to participate meaningfully in social life.
School-Based Programmes as a New Form of the Family for Orphans and Vulnerable Children in the Province of Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: Thabethe N , Mbatha Z , Mtapuri O
Published: February 2019

As in many other parts of the world, South Africa is witnessing the emergence of new forms of the family that are replacing the traditional family where two adults of different gender fulfil socially constructed roles and responsibilities. The South African government has established a school-based programme to support Orphans and Vulnerable Children (OVC) in schools. The aim of this qualitative study was to determine the effectiveness of this programme within eThekwini Municipality in the Province of KwaZulu-Natal. The study found that the socioeconomic challenges associated with the escalating number of OVC are both structural and systemic with profound consequences. The school system fulfils the traditional role of the family by providing psychosocial care and support for OVC to build resilience; influencing family dynamics and calling for a re-think of the configuration and understanding of family. A conceptual framework is presented to foster a system which validates the school-based programme as a new form of the family for OVC. Ultimately, the changing function and structure of the family in contemporary society demonstrate that a paradigm shift is required to embrace the nexus between the school, family and community.
Chinese and American Individuals’ Mate Selection Pressures: Self-Focused vs. Mate-Focused
Authors: Chen Ruoxi , Piercy Fred P. , Miller John K. , Austin Jason P.
Published: February 2019

In this study, we compared Chinese and American never-married heterosexual adults’ self-reported mate selection pressures and write-in responses on perceived mate selection pressures for men and women, respectively (N = 918; 489 Chinese and 429 Americans). Participants’ mean age was 25.67 years old (SD = 4.50), and data were collected in 2013. Overall, Chinese participants reported significantly higher mate selection pressures than American participants did. Chinese participants’ mate selection pressures also focused overwhelmingly more on their own mate selection assets (self-focused) than on their possible mate’s mate selection assets (matefocused), and considerably more so compared to American participants’ mate selection pressures. We discussed the relative focuses of Chinese and American participants’ mate selection pressures, gender differences in participants’ mate selection pressures, and the implications of the study’s findings for existing understandings of mate selection process in two distinct cultural contexts.
Grandparents’ Role in Spanish Families’ Work/Life Balance Strategies
Authors: Meil Gerardo , Rogero-García Jesús , Romero-Balsas Pedro
Published: February 2019

In recent years, grandparental childcare has been instrumental to Spanish parents’ ability to engage in paid work. At the same time, the use of formal childcare services, paid domestic assistance and parental leave-taking have also intensified. The objectives of this study are: (1) to estimate the scope of the support received from grandparents in caring for children; and (2) to assess the impact of the diversification of childcare resources on highly frequent grandparental childcare in two-parent families. The sample covered the 2304 parents with at least one child under 13 interviewed on the occasion of the Survey on the Use of Parental Leave in Spain, 2012. Three types of factors were analysed: (1) use of external childcare resources; (2) time devoted by parents to childcare and paid work; and (3) control factors measuring grandparents’ availability, childcare needs and income. The findings suggested that international comparative studies based on the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) underestimate the scope of grandparental childcare. Two-parent families with higher incomes resorted less frequently to grandparental childcare. In addition, formal childcare services, paid domestic work and parental leaves are associated with less frequent grandparental involvement. Overall, the findings suggest that more diversified deployment of the available resources may contribute to reducing grandparental childcare.
Men’s Changing Productive and Reproductive Roles in Transnational Filipino Families
Authors: Arguillas Florio O. , Williams Lindy B. , Arguillas Marie Joy B.
Published: February 2019

Our research examines the experiences of husbands who remain in the Philippines, at least initially, while their wives enter overseas labor employment contracts as nurses in Ireland. Specifically, we examine the role shifts experienced by men as their wives begin to out-eam them and as they become financially dependent on their wives. We assess what these changes imply for the ways in which Filipino masculinity is constructed and experienced in the Philippines and in Ireland. We draw on several sources of data, including semi-structured interviews and focus group interviews with women who migrated to Ireland in response to opportunities created in the nursing sector during the Celtic Tiger era, and interviews and focus groups with husbands who eventually joined them. We highlight factors affecting the household division of labor before migration, when the spouses are separated, and during reunification.
White and Latino Remarriage Differences in the United States: A case for Moving Beyond the Catholic Assumption
Authors: McNamee Catherine B.
Published: February 2019

In the United States, Latinos and non-Hispanic Whites have similar first marriage and divorce rates, but Latinos remarry at lower rates than Whites. Although Latinos are disproportionately more Catholic than Whites, and Latinos remarry less than Whites, assuming that religion is driving the remarriage difference could be a religious congruence fallacy, which occurs when religion is assumed to be the driving influence behind a behavior actually shaped by other forces. The present study utilizes the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 and discrete-time event history analysis to examine the influence of religious affliation and attendance on ethnic remarriage differences. The findings suggest that Catholicism does not account for the lower rates of remarriage of Latinos compared to Whites and provide strong evidence for dispelling the previously untested on ethnic differences in remarriage. Additionally, Evangelical Protestants, Particularly men, appear the most likely to remarry.
Juridical Review against Incumbents Leave in Law Number 10 of 2016 on the Election of the Governor, Regent, and Mayor
Authors: Wardani Amnesti Sheila Kusuma
Published: February 2019

Regional head elections held simultaneously on a regular basis in five years held in several regions by the mandate of Law Number 10 of 2016 still leave some problems. These problems include pre-post-conflict local elections when post-conflict local elections and post-conflict local elections. If some of these problems are described, one of them is the problem before the post-conflict local election process, namely the issue of incumbent leave. Regarding the arrangement of incumbent leave, there is still controversy. This has a significant impact on the holding of regional head elections. Some regional heads who are running for re-election in the following period (incumbent) object to the obligation of leaves contained in Article 70 paragraph (3) of Law Number 10 of 2016. However, on the other hand, many things must be considered to maintain the contents of Article 70 paragraph (3) regarding the obligation of incumbent leave. The research is descriptive analytical, namely making a precise, factual enunciation and accurately dealing with the facts. This research is a normative juridical approach with the Law approach (Concept approach) and conceptual approach (Conceptual Approach). Obligations regarding incumbent leave are mandatory for incumbents when nominating themselves again in the next period, although in some other laws and regulations governing voluntary consent of absence rules.
Проблеми фiлософської онтологiї в аналiтичнiй перспективi
Authors: Shramko Yaroslav
Published: February 2019

Стаття носить оглядовий характер i присвячена специфiцi розгляду в аналiтичнiй фiлософiї деяких класичних онтологiчних проблем. Зокрема розглядаються такi проблеми, як проблема буття, проблема тотожностi, проблема субстанцiї, проблема унiверсалiй та проблема причинностi. Наголошується, що аналiтична фiлософiя не тiльки уточнює формулювання i саму постановку цих та iнших класичних онтологiчних проблем, але й пропонує новий погляд на їхню сутнiсть, а також новi пiдходи до їх розв’язання. В центрi розгляду знаходяться пiдходи Готлоба Фреге, Бертрана Рассела, Девiда Льюїса, Едварда Лоу та iнших дослiдникiв. На прикладi розгляду цих пiдходiв демонструється характерне для аналiтичного пiдходу прагнення чiткостi та виразностi формулювання i розв’язання фiлософських питань, визначеностi понять, що використовуються, максимального залучення евристичного потенцiалу методологiї мовного аналiзу й можливостей сучасного логiчного iнструментарiю.
Наративне пояснення, практичний силогiзм та iсторична наука
Authors: Panafidina Oksana
Published: February 2019

У статтi розглянуто i проблематизовано традицiйний для iсторикiв спосiб пояснення та його формально-логiчну модель (практичний силогiзм). Здiйснено порiвняльний аналiз вирiшення проблеми можливостi наукового iсторичного пояснення в межах наративної фiлософiї iсторiї та критичного рацiоналiзму. Автор вбачає причину вiдмiнностей у баченнi ними завдань iсторiї на теоретичному рiвнi у тому, що вони по-рiзному вирiшують бiльш  загальну проблему — проблему науковостi iсторiї.
Resistivity behavior of leather after electro-conductive treatment
Authors: Shabani Aulon , Hylli Majlinda , Kazani Ilda , Berberi Pellumb
Published: February 2019

Measurement of electrical resistance of textile materials, fiber and fabrics included, remains always an engaging
task due to sensitivities to interference of multiple factors. Difficulty stands on both finding a method of
measurements that fits the requirements of samples to be tested and the most appropriate indicator describing
this property. Numerous methods and indicators are used for different sample content and shape (fibers, roving,
yarn or fabric, etc.), even when the material tested is the same. Different methods usually use indicators that
produce results difficult to compare or to interpret, or do not express intrinsic qualities of their constituent
materials. The situation is the same for leather materials. In this paper, we propose a new method, multiple steps
method, and a new indicator, electrical resistivity, which takes into consideration compressional properties of
leather sample and produce results independent from the amount and form of the sample. Electrical resistivity
of conductive leather, as defined below, is shown to be an inherent indicator of bulk conductivity of leather
assembly and is not influenced by sample form or the way it is placed within the measuring cell. The method is
used for the first time to evaluate changes in electrical resistivity of leather after various chemical processes to
make it electro-conductive. The data provide important information about the evolution of electro-conductive
properties of leather at different stages of processing, as well as the influence of environmental conditions.
Analisis Harga Jual dan Strategi Penjualan Produk Es Krim di UKM Gelali Kecamatan Sukun Kota Malang
Authors: Kamal Muhammad Arif , Kurniawan Miftakhurrizal , Suprayogi Suprayogi , Santoso Imam , Wignyanto Wignyanto
Published: February 2019

UKM Gelali berpartisipasi dalam kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dengan tujuan memperbaiki kualitas produk, proses produksi, desain kemasan dan merk serta persyaratan administrasi penting lainnya termasuk perizinan usaha agar produknya dapat diterima oleh konsumen. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan dalam kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah 1. identifikasi kondisi unit usaha, 2. Pelatihan, penyuluhan, dan pembimbingan teknis. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah efisiensi produksi (kuantitas dan kualitas) dengan perbaikan manajemen pengolahan yang ada, adanya pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat melalui pengembangan agroindustri pengolahan susu menjadi es krim sehingga akan meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat di lingkungan UKM Es Krim Gelali
The effect of Z-Score standardization (normalization) on binary input due the speed of learning in back-propagation neural network
Authors: Al-Faiz Mohammed Z. , Ibrahim Ali A. , Hadi Sarmad M.
Published: February 2019

The speed of learning in neural network environment is considered as the most effective parameter spatially in large data sets. This paper tries to minimize the time required for the neural network to fully understand and learn about the data by standardize input data. The paper showed that the Z-Score standardization of input data significantly decreased the number of epoochs required for the network to learn. This paper also proved that the binary dataset is a serious limitation for the convergence of neural network, so the standardization is a must in such case where the 0’s inputs simply neglect the connections in the neural network. The data set used in this paper are features extracted from gel electrophoresis images and that open the door for using artificial intelligence in such areas.
Implementasi Jual Beli dalam Perikatan Syari’ah dan Konvensional
Authors: Septiana Evy , Mahmudah Nurul
Published: February 2019

Along with the development of technology, people work together to create convenience in conducting transactions or muamalah, one of them is in term of buying and selling. Today, people can buy goods without coming directly to the seller. This certainly facilitates people for tricking. For these reasons, this research was conducted to understand the difference between Islamic and conventional practice on buying and selling engagements.

This descriptive qualitative study employed literature study which obtained the result that even though the rules of all goods may be sold, but  in Islam, it must not be contradicted with the quran, hadith, and benefit principle. Whereas, in conventional engagement, all goods can be absolutely sold, as long as there is willingness from both parties.
Uso de BPM en la automatización de procesos
Authors: Cevallos Tito Milton Patricio , Zabala Villarreal Wilson Andrés , Miranda Realpe Jorge Humberto
Published: February 2019

El uso de un enfoque BPM en la gestión de procesos de las Instituciones educativas de nivel superior es una de las alternativas para potenciar la mejora en calidad de la educación. El Instituto de Postgrado de la Universidad Técnica del Norte dispone de procesos administrativos y académicos que no se encuentran dentro del Sistema Informático Universitario, lo que conlleva a interpretar y manejar erróneamente varios de los procesos que dispone el Instituto . El objetivo de este estudio, es el análisis de un enfoque BPM y sus herramientas, que permita a través de un módulo automatizado integrar y modelar los procesos del Instituto de Posgrado en el Sistema Informático de la Universidad Técnica del Norte. La metodología de investigación utilizada fue cualitativa, de campo, documental, en cuanto para el diseño del módulo informático se utilizó la metodología ágil SCRUM. Las técnicas empleadas fueron el uso de encuestas realizadas al personal académico y administrativo del Instituto; conjuntamente con la entrevista al director del departamento de desarrollo tecnológico de la Universidad Técnica del Norte. En los resultados obtenidos se observó que la integración de la librería BMPN-JS en el sistema informático integrado de la UTN permitió identificar, modelar y determinar las actividades y procedimientos dentro de un modelo de gestión de procesos y se dio a conocer al personal administrativo, docente y estudiantes del Instituto de Posgrado de una manera ágil.
Pengaruh Pengalaman Terhadap Loyalitas Konsumen di Alfamart Langsa
Authors: Zati Muhammad Rizqi , Iqbal Muhammad
Published: February 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Pengalaman terhadap loyalitas konsumen di Alfamart Langsa. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 96 orang. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi linear sederhana, koefisien determinasi dan uji t. Hasil persamaan regresi diperoleh LK= 1,829 + 0,582P, nilai konstanta adalah sebesar 1,829. Hal ini menunjukan besarnya nilai loyalitas konsumen yang tidak dipengaruhi oleh pengalaman adalah sebesar 1,829. Koefisien regresi pengalaman berpengaruh positif terhadap loyalitas konsumen sebesar 0,582. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa dengan penambahan satu satuan pengalaman maka akan terjadi peningkatan loyalitas konsumen sebesar 0,58. Nilai koefisien determinasi (R2) diperoleh sebesar 0,459 atau apabila dipersentasekan sebesar 45,9% yang artinya variable pengalaman memberikan pengaruh terhadap loyalitas konsumen sebesar 45,9% dan sisanya 54,1% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini. Hipotesis yang menyatakan pengalaman berpengaruh signifikan terhadap loyalitas konsumen di Alfamart Langsa dapat diterima dengan hasil uji t yaitu t hitung > t tabel dengan nilai 8,928 > 1,985 dan nilai t sig yaitu 0,000 < 0,05.
Accumulated experience of using composites in the practice of repairing industrial equipment
Authors: Ishchenko A.A , Rassokhin D.A , Kakareka D.L.
Published: February 2019

Purpose. Development of recommendations on repair and restoration of details of the metallurgical equipment by a method of application of composite materials
Methodology. Description of practical developments on the restoration of equipment operated in difficult conditions at metallurgical enterprises
Findings. Technologies have been developed to restore the worn surfaces of metallurgical equipment
Originality. It has been established that when restoring bearing surfaces, in particular bearings, to increase the durability of the composite layer, it is necessary to use “beacons” that provide precise positioning of the part (bearing ring) and are an additional support surface when impacting the restored layer. The conclusion of the composite material in a closed volume provides an increase in its carrying capacity.
Practical value. The developed technologies allow to increase the durability of reconditioned equipment without increasing the cost of repairs. Il 3. Bibliography: 8 titles.
FILM FIKSI TUAN X: Pendekatan Gestur sebagai Penanda Psikologi Tokoh Utama
Authors: Angelina Ayu Mella , Abidin Zainal , Karyadi FX. Yatno
Published: February 2019

The film Tuan X is a fictional film with the theme of psychology. This film is very closely related to one's personal life. Films that tell about the condition of someone who is experiencing severe frustration so that his psychological was disturbed and it made him did things that are not normal. The production of Tuan X film is based on the concepts of directing, videography, editing, and sound that have been set before. From the film that was successfully created, it appears that gestures can be used to show a psychological picture of a character. The right gestures can be supported by repetition of movements so that it strengthens a character of the figure, so that the intensity of the tension / thriller of the story in reaching a climax is in accordance to the genre raised. In addition, the gestures succeeded in becoming a signifier of the psychological reality of the character.

Keywords: Film, Tuan X, psychology, signifier, and gesture
Kuzey Kıbrısta Kadın Ressamların Resimlerinde Kadın İmgesi
Authors: YAZGIN Yücel
Published: February 2019

Bu araştırmada, Kuzey Kıbrıs’taki kadın ressamlardan devlet koleksiyonunda
eserleri bulunan dokuz ressamın resimlerindeki kadın imgeleri incelenmiştir.
Araştırma, nitel araştırma yönteminin, döküman inceleme desenine göre
tasarlanmış olup, veriler yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme yöntemi ve eser
içeriklerinin incelenmesi ile elde edilmiştir.   KKTC devlet koleksiyonunda eserleri olan dokuz
kadın sanatçının resimlerinde kadını temsil eden imgeleri; sosyo ekonomik
durum, mekan, sosyal yaşam içindeki konum, renkler, giyinik veya nü oluş, hangi
sanat felsefesine yakın olduğu ve hangi yaş grubunda yansıttıkları kategorilerine
göre analiz edilmiştir.

Sonuç
olarak, kadın ressamların,  onaltı farklı
resim tekniğini uygularken, materyal ve malzemeyi uygun şekliyle kullandıkları,
resimlerindeki insan figürleri içinde kadın imgesini sıklıkla kullandıkları,
kadının karşı cins ile eşitliğinin kabul edilmesine vurgu yapan bir felsefi
anlayışla kadın imgelerini resimlerine yansıttıkları, kadını dışa dönük yaşam
tarzı içinde görmek istedikleri, kadının bir meta ve
popüler kültür ürünü olarak görülmesinden rahatsızlık duydukları ve kadın
imgelerini ötekileştirmekten uzak bir anlayışla tüm kesimlerden kadını temsil
eden imgelemlerle yansıttıkları saptanmıştır.
Kentsel Sürdürülebilirlik Kapsamında Yeşil Çatı Uygulamaları
Authors: ARAS Baran Barış
Published: February 2019

Sınırsız bir kaynak olarak düşünülen doğa, insanlık
tarafından hızla tüketilmeye başlanmış, sanayileşme ve kentleşmenin etkisiyle
çevre sorunlarının ortaya çıkmasına sebep olunmuştur. Hızla tükenen doğal
kaynakların varlığı insanoğlu için çözüm arayışlarını zorunlu hale getirmiştir.
Bu noktada ortaya atılan düşünce, doğal kaynakların yok olmadan, gelecek
kuşaklar da gözetilerek bu kaynakların geleceğe aktarılmasının sağlanması
olarak da bilinen sürdürülebilir kalkınma anlayışıdır.

Brundtland raporunda sürdürülebilirlik kavramının
ortaya konulmasından bugüne kadar şehirleri ilgilendiren yeni yeni kavramlar
ortaya atılmıştır. Kentsel sürdürülebilirlik de bu kavramlardan biridir.

Bir yandan ekolojik tahribat giderek derinleşirken,
diğer yandan çevrenin korunmasına ilişkin çözüm önerileri, çeşitli konularda
ilgi oluşturan çalışmalar meydana getirmiştir. Bu doğrultuda kentsel
sürdürülebilirliğe dair araştırmalar ve gelişen teknoloji çerçevesinde yeşil
çatı yüzeyleri önemli bir bileşen olarak ele alınmaya başlanmıştır. Bu noktada
“yeşil çatı”lar, hava kalitesini iyileştiren, kentsel ısınmayı azaltan, yağmur
suyunu tutarak şehirlerin alt yapısına binen yükün azalmasına olanak tanıyan,
bir aktivite ve yaşam alanı olarak da kullanım sağlayan önemli sistemlerdir.

Yeşil çatıların kullanımı oldukça eski devirlere
kadar uzanmaktadır. Günümüzde yabancı ülkelerde yaygınlaşan bir kullanıma
sahipken özellikle Türkiye’de kullanımlarının azlığı dikkati çekmektedir. Yeşil
çatıların faydalarına karşın uygulama alanlarının henüz tam gelişmemiş olması,
konuyu araştırmaya ve incelemeye değer kılmaktadır. Dünyada önemsenmeye
başlanan binalarda enerji korunumu ilkesi ve bu konuyla alakalı
sertifikalandırma sistemlerinde (LEED, BREAM vb.) yeşil çatıların önemli bir
uygulama aracı olarak ele alınabileceği görülmektedir.

Belirtilen
nedenlerle bu çalışmada; doğal ve yapılaşmış çevre, ekonomik ve sosyal
bileşenlerden oluşan kentsel sürdürülebilirlik kavramının yeşil çatı kavramı
ile ilişkisi incelenmiştir. Dünyadaki ve Türkiye’deki örnekler üzerinden yeşil
çatı sistemleri hakkında bilgi verilip, kentsel sürdürülebilirlik açısından
avantajları değerlendirilmiş, verilen yurt içi ve yurt dışı örneklerinin
karşılaştırılarak analiz edilmesi ve Türkiye’deki uygulamalar için altyapı
oluşturmada yardımcı öneriler sunulması hedeflenmiştir.