bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On assessing the viral safety of individual units of the substance "Human plasma for fractionation" by nucleic acid amplification
Authors: Elbert E. V. , Nozhko V. V. , Volkova R. A. , Movsesyants A. A. , Merkulov V. A. , Kosenko V. V.
Published: October 2023

Scientific relevance. The absence of blood-borne viruses in human plasma-derived medicinal products must be ensured by the control of raw materials and the manufacturing process.

Aim. This study aimed to analyse system suitability criteria for analytical procedures to assess the viral safety of individual units of the substance "Human plasma for fractionation" in terms of the content of nucleic acids of blood-borne viruses, considering the requirements of the European Pharmacopoeia.

Materials and methods. The authors analysed individual units of the substance "Human plasma for fractionation" (hereinafter, plasma). The study used the International Standards (ISs) for human immunodeficiency virus RNA, hepatitis A virus (HAV) RNA, hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA, hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA, and parvovirus B19 DNA, as well as nucleic acid detection kits for these viruses based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Results. HCV RNA was not detected in any of the eight plasma samples studied, and parvovirus B19  DNA was detected in one of the samples at a concentration not exceeding 104  IU/mL.  Three tests with the corresponding ISs showed that the studied reagent kits detected HCV RNA at a concentration of 102 IU/mL and parvovirus B19 DNA (M1 genotype) at a concentration of  104 IU/mL. In additional tests that were conducted in two samples considering the requirements of the European Pharmacopoeia for the detection of HCV RNA and parvovirus B19 DNA, a new batch of reagent kit I detected the HCV RNA IS at a concentration of 102 IU/mL only in one of three replicates, which did not correspond to the claimed sensitivity of the reagent kit. HCV  RNA was not detected in either replicate in one of two plasma samples spiked with the HCV RNA IS at concentrations of 102 and 103 IU/mL, possibly because of plasma inhibitory properties. The sensitivity of the reagent kits to parvovirus B19 DNA corresponded to the label claims; the study did not show any inhibitory properties of the plasma samples.

Conclusions. Polymerase chain reaction testing of the viral safety of plasma intended for manufacturing medicinal products should include control samples calibrated in IU/mL. Further research and appropriate pharmacopoeial reference materials are needed to set system suitability criteria for analytical procedures using such control samples.
Высокоразрешающий анализ субъединиц в наноструктурированном бейните высокоуглеродистой кремнистой стали
Authors: Чзан Синь , Яо Ин , Го Жуйци , Цуй Тяньюй
Published: October 2023

Изучена микроструктура наноструктурированного бейнита, сформированного в высокоуглеродистой кремнистой стали в результате аустемперинга, с использованием высокоразрешающей электронной микроскопии. Показано, что бейнитные блоки состоят из наноразмерных субъединиц. Обнаруженные виды искажений кристаллической решетки каждой субъединицы в одной бейнитной рейке четко различаются. Самая последняя сгенерированная субъединица имеет наибольшее количество искажений. По мере роста субъединицы искажение решетки постепенно релаксирует. Это свидетельствует о том, что субъединицы образуются с высокой энергией деформации фазового превращения, что приводит к сильному искажению ее кристаллической решетки. Полученные новые экспериментальные данные способствуют большему пониманию механизма формирования бейнитного феррита.
Влияние добавки Ni на процесс формирования и механические свойства лазерной наплавки WC – 10Co – 4Cr на низкоуглеродистой стали
Authors: Море Сатиш Р. , Менгани Джиоти В. , Вьяс Акаш
Published: October 2023

Исследовано влияние технологических параметров процесса лазерной наплавки, а также добавки никеля (5 – 15 % масс.) в материал покрытия на структуру и механические свойства плакированных порошком WC – 10Co – 4Cr слоев на низкоуглеродистой стали. Установлены наиболее эффективные параметры наплавки при нанесении однопроходных дорожек и с перекрытием на 50%. Определены микроструктура и фазовый состав покрытий с помощью EDS и XRD. Исследованы микротвердость покрытий и эрозионный износ. Установлено, что максимальную микротвердость (в 3,6 раза выше, чем у материала подложки) имеет покрытие WC – 10Co – 4Cr (без Ni). Покрытие с 5 % Ni обладает более высокой стойкостью к эрозионному изнашиванию, чем покрытия с 10 и 15 % Ni.
Влияние режимов контролируемой термомеханической обработки на структурно-текстурные состояния низкоуглеродистой низколегированной стали
Authors: Лобанов М. Л. , Платов С. И. , Зорина М. А. , Урцев Н. В. , Масленников К. Б.
Published: October 2023

Методом ориентационной микроскопии (EBSD) исследованы структурно-текстурные состояния образцов из низкоуглеродистой низколегированной стали типа 06Г2МБ, подвергнутых контролируемой термомеханической обработке (Thermo-Mechanical Controlled Processing — TMCP) по пяти опытно-промышленным режимам, различавшимся по температуре конца горячей прокатки и интенсивности контролируемого охлаждения. Установлена взаимосвязь между параметрами обработки, структурой и механическими свойствами исследованных образцов. Показано, что наиболее близким к оптимальному является режим TMCP, который характеризовался температурой чистовой горячей прокатки, близкой к А3 , и максимальной интенсивностью охлаждения.
Бинарные фазовые диаграммы в металловедении
Authors: Устиновщиков Ю. И.
Published: October 2023

Рассмотрены некоторые дискуссионные вопросы интерпретации бинарных фазовых диаграмм, играющих ключевую роль в науке о сплавах. Показано, что при фазовом переходе упорядочение – расслоение в бинарных сплавах при определенных температурах изменяется знак химического межатомного взаимодействия. Обсуждено возникающее несоответствие между механизмом этого процесса и его отображением на диаграмме состояния. Предложено пересмотреть существующие представления о тех областях на диаграмме, в которых структурные изменения происходят диффузионным путем.
Sindiran Antiphrassis Warganet di Instagram @Mastercorbuzier : Tuduhan Pelecehan Seksual
Authors: Dewi Tessa Yuliana , Inayatillah Fafi
Published: October 2023

The increasing use of social media on Instagram has triggered the emergence of sarcastic comments, particularly concerning the topic of sexual harassment, in the comment section. This research aims to identify the types and meanings of the sarcasm used by netizens on the Instagram account @mastercorbuzier, as well as the functions of these sarcastic remarks. This research follows a qualitative descriptive approach, using descriptive sentences rather than numbers. The data for this study consist of Instagram comments on the @mastercorbuzier account, which are expressed in sentence form. The data collection procedure employs the observation and note-taking method. The data are analyzed based on their meanings, types, and functions, and the results are then summarized. The data analysis technique involves an interactive model that examines the written language of sarcasm from Dedy Corbuzier's Instagram account, records the identified data, analyzes them descriptively, and draws conclusions from the research findings. The findings of this study reveal that the stylistic device of sarcasm, known as antiphrasis, appears in 24 instances. These instances demonstrate that Instagram users employ implicit language that conveys the opposite or contrary meaning to express their comments. Furthermore, out of the 23 instances, netizens predominantly utilize connotative meanings to convey their intentions in the comment section. Lastly, the most common linguistic function employed by netizens, with 13 instances, is discourse, which serves to discuss ongoing events.
On a Generalization of an Operator Preserving Turán-Type Inequality for Complex Polynomials
Authors: Malik S. A. , Zargar B. A.
Published: October 2023

Let $$W(\zeta)=(a_{0}+a_{1}\zeta+...+a_{n}\zeta^{n})$$ be a polynomial of degree $$n$$ having all its zeros in $$\mathbb{T}_{k}\cup\mathbb{E}^{-}_{k}$$, $$k\geq 1$$, then for every real or complex number $$\alpha$$ with $$|\alpha|\geq 1+k+k^{n}$$, Govil and McTume [7] showed that the following inequality holds

$$\max\limits_{\zeta\in\mathbb{T}_{1}}|D_{\alpha}W(\zeta)|\geq n\left(\frac{|\alpha|-k}{1+k^{n}}\right)||W||+n\left(\frac{|\alpha|-(1+k+k^{n})}{1+k^{n}}\right)\min\limits_{\zeta\in\mathbb{T}_{k}}|W(\zeta)|.$$

In this paper, we have obtained a generalization of this inequality involving sequence of operators known as polar derivatives. In addition, the problem for the limiting case is also considered.
Creating Innovative Healthcare Apps for Dementia Patients and Caregivers
Authors: Weerasinghe H.P.E.N  , Samarathunga S.R.L  , Warnakulasuriyage K.H.A  , Serasingha K.A.Y.E.D  , Chandrasiri Sanjeevi , Wijendra Dinuka
Published: October 2023

The provision of appropriate care and support to elderly individuals with dementia poses significant challenges, as they often struggle to manage their health conditions due to cognitive limitations and lack of assistance. This research aims to address this problem by developing a user-friendly healthcare system that caters to the unique needs of dementia patients. The system incorporates wearable devices and a mobile app, enabling patients to monitor their health status and communicate with their healthcare team. The primary objective is to track patients' day-to-day activities, meals, exercises, critical situations, and mental health, generating comprehensive reports for doctors to assess their overall well-being. Additionally, the research focuses on leveraging artificial intelligence to enhance patients' moods through personalized audio and video clips, utilizing image processing to detect facial expressions. Machine learning algorithms are employed to provide personalized meal plans based on data collected from IoT devices. Moreover, a warning system is developed to promptly alert both the patient and the nearest hospital in emergency situations using IoT data. The research also emphasizes automating the generation of monthly health reports, which are shared with the patient's doctor for review. By showcasing the potential of these technologies, this research aims to improve the outcomes of dementia patients, enhance healthcare efficiency, and deliver personalized care.
Technology of chipboards based on modified phenol-formaldehyde binder
Authors:   Bauman Moscow State Technical University (National Research University) (MGTUB), Mytishchi Branch, Moscow District, Mytishchi, Machneva O. P. , Pasko Yu. V. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University (National Research University) (MGTUB), Mytishchi Branch, Moscow District, Mytishchi, Politaeva L. P. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University (National Research University) (MGTUB), Mytishchi Branch, Moscow District, Mytishchi, Khaydarov Kh. Zh. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University (National Research University) (MGTUB), Mytishchi Branch, Moscow District, Mytishchi
Published: October 2023

The synthesis technology of phenol-formaldehyde resin of the SFZh-3011 brand, modified with the fusel fraction (a mixture of alcohols) introduced in an amount from 1 to 7% of the total reaction mass is considered. The strength of the adhesive joint and the adhesive ability of modified resins have been evaluated, and the effect of the modified binder on the physical-mechanical properties of particle boards has been studied.
Can syntactic complexity distinguish translator style?--A novel stylometric analysis of Hongloumeng with dependency grammar
Authors: Tan Hua
Published: October 2023

The present study is perhaps the first study to examine the issue of style in translation by dependency distance. Translator style has been examined through different indicators, such as STTR and LR, MSL, and typical language patterns, such as reporting verbs and loan words. Yet, previous studies seldom consider syntactic structures, especially syntactic complexity extensively discussed in domains like second language acquisition, in the analysis. Dependency distance has been considered a valid indicator of syntactic complexity. Studies have shown that Dependency distance can effectively differentiate translational and original English. If dependency distance can distinguish translational and native texts, then it should be hypothesized that translation style can be differentiated by dependency distance. To this end, the present study examines the translator style of four English texts of the Chinese classic novel Hongloumeng. The results confirm the hypothesis that dependency distance can distinguish translator style. The findings also show that dependency direction can be taken into consideration in examining translator style.
Campaigns to discredit Heydar Aliyev and their collapse
Authors: Abbasov Eldar
Published: October 2023

Mikhail Gorbachev's policy of perestroika and glasnost provided favorable conditions for the development of the Karabakh movement, the purpose of which was the annexation of the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Region of the Azerbaijani SSR to the Armenian SSR. One of the phases of this movement was the campaign to bring to trial Heydar Aliyev, which was conceived and launched by Igor Muradian. Another campaign to discredit H. Aliyev was organized by former high-ranking officials of the party and government bodies of Azerbaijan, who were removed from their posts by Heydar Aliyev in the 1970s. The analysis of numerous archival documents, which are being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, give grounds to assert that these campaigns did not play any role in the removal of Heydar Aliyev from the highest echelon of power in the country.
Marine autonomous surface vessels: formation and development of technologies, main trends and prospects. Part 1
Authors: Zaslonov Vladimir , Golovina Anastasiya
Published: October 2023

The article discusses some features of the development of unmanned technologies in maritime transport from the twentieth century to the modern period preceding the current decade. The prerequisites for the formation of the concept of autonomous navigation are investigated, as well as work was carried out to delimit the generations of development of the studied technical units.
Pengaruh Minyak Sawit dan Pakan Blok Berbasis by Product Pabrik Pengolahan Minyak Sawit terhadap Kecernaan Bahan Kering, Protein Kasar, Energi dan Pertambahan Berat Sapi Bali
Authors: Hidayat Hidayat , Soetrisno Edi , Akbarillah Tris
Published: October 2023

This study aims to evaluate palm fronds as a source of fiber feed which was supplemented with block concentrate feed with different formulas and palm oil administration to Bali heifers. The block concentrate feed used was the main ingredient of palm oil sludge and palm kernel cake (block A) and palm oil sludge and soybean flour (block B). This factorial experiment presented 4 treatment combinations applied to livestock. Eight Bali heifers were divided into 4 treatments, each consisting of 2 replications to test 4 types of treatment, namely P1 (with palm oil + Block A), P2 (without palm oil + Block A), P3 (with palm oil + Block B), and P4 (without palm oil + Block B). The experiment was carried out for 10 weeks. The results showed that there was no difference between the treatments that were given palm oil and those that were not given palm oil. Likewise, there was no difference between feed block formula A and B. Provision of fresh fronds in the field will be more practical to apply, without using palm oil. Likewise, the source of protein from palm kernel meal is preferable to using soybean meal.
 
Key words: Palm Oil Frond, Palm Oil Sludge, Palm Kernel Cake
 
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pelepah sawit sebagai sumber pakan serat yang disuplementasi dengan pakan konsentrat blok dengan formula  berbeda dan pemberian minyak sawit pada sapi Bali dara. Pakan Konsentrat Blok yang dipakai menggunakan bahan utama lumpur minyak sawit dan bungkil inti sawit (blok A) dan lumpur minyak sawit dan tepung kedelai (blok B). Percobaan faktorial ini  menyajikan 4 kombinasi perlakuan yang diterapkan  pada ternak. Delapan ekor sapi Bali dara dibagi menjadi 4 perlakuan, masing-masing terdiri dari 2 ulangan untuk menguji 4 macam perlakuan, yaitu P1 (diberi minyak sawit+Blok A), P2 (tanpa minyak sawit+Blok A), P3 (diberi minyak sawit+Blok B), dan P4 (tanpa minyak sawit+Blok B). Percobaan dilakukan selama 10 minggu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan antara perlakuan yang diberi minyak sawit dan yang tidak diberi minyak sawit. Demikian juga tidak ada perbedaan antara formula blok pakan A dan B. Pemberian pelepah segar di lapangan akan lebih praktis diaplikasikan, tanpa menggunakan minyak sawit. Demikian juga sumber protein dari bungkil inti sawit lebih dipilih dibandingkan penggunaan bungkil kedelai.
 
Kata kunci: lumpur minyak sawit, bungkil inti sawit, pelepah sawit
Boosting Few-Shot Learning in Remote Sensing Leveraging an Auxiliary Generator through Contrastive Learning
Authors: Steve Mangrove , Odu Anthomy , Rose Jack , olaoyegodwin
Published: October 2023

Remote sensing technology has revolutionized the way we perceive and interact with our planet, enablingus to acquire invaluable information about our environment, natural resources, and ecosystems. Frommonitoring land use changes to studying climate patterns and disaster management, remote sensing hasbecome an indispensable tool for scientific research and practical applications. However, the effective application of remote sensing data often relies on the ability to classify andinterpret these vast and complex datasets. This presents a substantial challenge, as remote sensing datatypically exhibit high dimensionality, encompassing diverse terrain types, weather conditions, andimaging modalities. Furthermore, acquiring labeled data for supervised machine learning approaches isoften arduous, time-consuming, and expensive in remote sensing contexts. Few-shot learning emerges as a promising paradigm to address these issues. It seeks to develop modelscapable of learning from a limited amount of labeled data, which is a common scenario in remote sensingapplications due to the cost and effort associated with ground truth data collection. Few-shot learning isespecially valuable in cases where we need to recognize previously unseen classes or adapt quickly tochanging conditions, such as tracking forest fires or monitoring urban development. Despite its potential, few-shot learning in remote sensing faces significant hurdles, such as inadequatemodel generalization, limited data diversity, and challenges in feature extraction from complex datasources. In recent years, several advancements have been made in remote sensing image analysis, including the integration of deep learning techniques, but there remains a critical need for improving few- shot learning capabilities in this domain. This paper introduces a novel approach to address the limitations of few-shot learning in remote sensing. We propose the incorporation of an auxiliary generator powered by contrastive learning, a technique thathas demonstrated success in diverse applications, from natural language processing to computer vision. This auxiliary generator, working in conjunction with our few-shot learning model, enhances the ability todiscriminate between different classes and adapt to new remote sensing scenarios with limited labeleddata
MANAGING CHANGE AND INNOVATION
Authors: FADILATURAHMAH MEITA
Published: October 2023

ketidakjelasan dan ketidakpastian yang berubah memperkenalkan
Control of DMRT1 by NOD2.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: October 2023

We provide evidence here from overexpression-based gain-of-function studies in human cells (1, 2) which demonstrate control of DMRT1 expression by the NLR (nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor) family protein NOD2.
BEHAVIOR IN ORGANIZATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM CONTROL
Authors: Saefini Nanda Infa
Published: October 2023

memastikan tercapainya “keselarasan tujuan” semaksimal mungkin. Keselarasan tujuan dalam suatu proses berarti tindakan-tindakan yang mengarahkan setiap anggota untuk menyelaraskan tujuan pribadinya masing-masing, sesuai dengan kepentingan perusahaan.
Examining the support experiences of autistic young people with multiple marginalized identities in the United Kingdom
Authors: Davies Jade , Islaam Labeebah , Carter Susannah , Redmayne Benjamin Jack Michael , Cooper Kate , Mandy William , Crane Laura
Published: October 2023

Background: The challenges that autistic young people face when accessing support have been well-documented. However, such issues may be exacerbated for autistic young people who have additional marginalized identities (e.g., being from a minority ethnic group or minority gender) compared to autistic young people who do not have additional marginalized identities. Methods: We took a participatory approach that included autistic young people with multiple marginalized identities at every stage of the research process. Our team interviewed 13 autistic young people (aged 16 – 25 years) who also identified with other marginalized identities. We analyzed the data using reflexive thematic analysis. Results: We generated one superordinate theme, which reflected how accessing support was perceived to be challenging for all autistic young people, but especially so for this group with multiple marginalized identities. Within the superordinate theme, we generated three sub-themes that provide examples of how common challenges were felt to be exacerbated for our participants. First, our participants reported difficulties in obtaining timely diagnoses, which hindered access to appropriate support services. Second, they expressed a sense of exclusion from existing support structures, with services often failing to address their unique needs. Finally, cultural and linguistic barriers meant that our participants’ parents and caregivers did not always know how to help them get support. As a result, some of our participants had to advocate for themselves. Conclusion: Our findings highlight the need for more inclusive and accessible support services that meet the diverse needs of all autistic young people, including those with multiple marginalized identities. Recommendations include offering a variety of support options to accommodate individual preferences and providing ways to empower all autistic people to advocate for their support needs.
Poroelastic Properties of Sierra White Granite
Authors: Ghassemi Ahmad , Zhou Xejun
Published: October 2023

In this work, poroelastic properties of Sierra White granite are determined, including elastic moduli, Biot's effective stress coefficient, α, and Skempton’s pore pressure coefficient, B. The Biot’s coefficient of this rock was determined using two different approaches. It is found that overall, the Biot’s coefficient decreases from 0.77 at low effective stress (3~4 MPa) to 0.45~0.55 at high effective stress levels (30~40 MPa). Unlike the Biot’s effective stress coefficient, which is related only to the solid rock, Skempton’s B is a property related to both solid rock and pore fluid. Although a single undrained hydrostatic compression test can theoretically be used to measure B, two types of laboratory tests were performed to fully reveal this parameter’s behavior. In the first test, the back pressure and confining pressure are increased stepwise to maintain a constant effective stress (usually very low), and Skempton’s B is measured at different back pressure levels. This test reveals the Skempton B behavior related to the pore fluid compressibility, and consequently, this test can be used to evaluate if the pore fluid is free of air. In the second test, the back pressure is maintained at a constant level, and the confining pressure is increased stepwise, and then Skempton’s B is determined at different confining pressure levels. This test correlates Skempton’s B with the effective stress. Details of the laboratory test protocol for combining these two types of tests are described and the results for Sierra White granite are provided. It is found that for Sierra White granite, Skempton’s B falls in a narrow range of 0.8~0.86 in the first test after the pore fluid is depleted of air; while in the second test it falls in a large range (0.86 to lower values depending on the effective stresses).
Adaptation in the Visual System: Networked Fatigue or Suppressed Prediction Error Signalling?
Authors: Feuerriegel Daniel
Published: October 2023

Our brains are constantly adapting to changes in our visual environment. Neural adaptation exerts a persistent influence on the activity of sensory neurons and our perceptual experience, however there is a lack of consensus regarding how adaptation is implemented in the visual system. One account describes fatigue-based mechanisms embedded within local networks of stimulus-selective neurons (networked fatigue models). Another depicts adaptation as a product of stimulus expectations (predictive coding models). In this review, I evaluate neuroimaging and psychophysical evidence that poses fundamental problems for predictive coding models of neural adaptation. Specifically, I discuss observations of distinct repetition and expectation effects, as well as incorrect predictions of repulsive adaptation aftereffects made by predictive coding accounts. Based on this evidence, I argue that networked fatigue models provide a more parsimonious account of adaptation effects in the visual system. Although stimulus expectations can be formed based on recent stimulation history, any consequences of these expectations are likely to co-occur (or interact) with effects of fatigue-based adaptation. I conclude by proposing novel, testable hypotheses relating to interactions between fatigue-based adaptation and other predictive processes, focusing on stimulus feature extrapolation phenomena.
The Effect of Gender Norms on the Acculturation of Arab American Young Adults
Authors: Shahin Noor
Published: October 2023

The Arab American population is severely understudied despite their recent but also historic presence in the United States. This underrepresentation in research signifies a void that results in a lack of understanding towards Arab American culture. This qualitative study was conducted to make clearer the correlation between gender norms in the Arab American community and the acculturation of Arab American young adults into mainstream American society. Five 30-45 minute interviews were conducted in the Seattle area in a semi-structured form with Arab American young adults aged 18-24 years. The hypothesis was that Arab American women were more likely to separate, while Arab American men were more likely to integrate into American society. The results are discussed through the comparison of the gendered experiences of the participants against the framework of acculturation. This study identifies central questions and issues that are posed for the acculturation of Arab American young adults, and directions for future research.
A comparison of different connected-speech tasks for detecting mild cognitive impairment using multivariate pattern analysis
Authors: Chen Yiting , Hartsuiker Robert , Pistono Aurélie
Published: October 2023

Background: It is common for the older adult population to have age-associated cognitive decline and develop neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia. Several studies have suggested that classification algorithms based on linguistic features may be useful for the early detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Aims: The current study aimed to examine connected-speech performance in people with MCI and cognitively healthy controls (HC) using connected-speech tasks and tested whether patterns of lexical-semantic features extracted from these tasks could classify MCI and HC groups. Methods & procedure: We selected 16 English-speaking participants with MCI and 16 matched HC from the Delaware corpus. Four connected-speech tasks (a picture description, a story narrative, a story recall, and a procedural narrative) and eight lexical-semantic features were selected for analyses. Outcomes & results: Two-way ANOVAs results showed that there were group differences in revision ratio and core lexicon. Multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) results demonstrated that the story recall task is the only task that can discriminate the two groups above chance. Conclusion: To conclude, the results provide extra evidence that connected-speech tasks can detect subtle language changes in people with MCI. It also showed that by using multivariate pattern analyses, the pattern of lexical-semantic features could significantly predict the class that a participant is associated with (MCI or HC). In addition, the story recall task could better discriminate participants with MCI than the other three connected-speech tasks.
A social cognition perspective on misophonia
Authors: Berger Joel , Gander Phillip Evan , Kumar Sukhbinder
Published: October 2023

The current dominant perspective on misophonia considers this disorder to be related to emotional sound processing, in which a “trigger sound” initiates a strong reaction in the perceiver. However, a sound processing model cannot explain all aspects of our growing understanding of the phenomenology and empirical findings in misophonia, such as the importance of context, coping strategies used, and lack of trigger-specific auditory cortical activation. In this article, we argue that a complete model of misophonia must include the context within which a sound is perceived and the emotional reaction triggered. We review the current behavioural and neuroimaging literature, which lends support to this idea. Based on the current evidence, we propose that misophonia should be understood within the broader context of social perception and cognition, and not restricted within the narrow domain of being a disorder of auditory processing. We discuss the evidence in support of this hypothesis, as well as the implications for potential treatment approaches.
Reviewing Explore/Exploit Decision-Making as a Transdiagnostic Target for Psychosis, Depression and Anxiety
Authors: Lloyd Alex , Roiser Jonathan Paul , Skeen Sarah , Freeman Ze , Badalova Aygun , Agunbiade Adeola , Busakhwe Chuma , DeFlorio Carla , Marcu Anna , Pirie Heather , Saleh Romana , Snyder Theresa , Fearon Pasco , Viding Essi
Published: October 2023

In many everyday decisions, individuals choose between trialling something novel, or something they know well. Deciding when to try a new option or stick with an option that is already known to you, known as the “explore/exploit” dilemma, is an important feature of cognition that characterises a range of decision-making contexts encountered by humans. Recent evidence has suggested preferences in explore/exploit biases are associated with psychopathology, though this has typically been examined within individual disorders. The current review examined whether explore/exploit decision-making represents a promising transdiagnostic target for psychosis, depression, and anxiety. A systematic search of academic databases was conducted, yielding a total of 29 studies. Studies examining psychosis were mostly consistent in showing that individuals with psychosis explored more compared to individuals without psychosis. The literature on anxiety and depression was more heterogenous, with some studies findings anxiety and depression were associated with more exploration whereas other studies demonstrated reduced exploration in anxiety and depression. However, examining a subset of studies that employed case-control methods, there was some evidence that both anxiety and depression were also associated with increased exploration. Due to the heterogeneity across the literature, we suggest there is insufficient evidence to conclude whether explore/exploit decision-making is a transdiagnostic target for psychosis, depression, and anxiety. However, alongside our advisory groups of lived experience advisors, we suggest this context of decision-making is a promising candidate that merits further investigation. Such work should also examine whether biases in explore/exploit choices are amenable to intervention.
Exemplar Models with Missing Feedback: A Theoretical Analysis
Authors: Denrell Jerker , Sanborn Adam N , Spicer Jake
Published: October 2023

In many real-life settings, feedback is only available for cases decision makers accept. The selection bias generated by such missing feedback poses problems for data-driven learning algorithms, such as exemplar based models that rely on the available data to make predictions about new cases. How can exemplar algorithms deal with such biased data? Elwin et al. (2007) argued that people augment the available data with imputed missing observations: people code rejected cases, for which no feedback is available, as if the feedback was negative. It is not intuitively obvious whether relying on such internally generated feedback is sensible or leads to bias. To examine this, we analyze how exemplar learning algorithms work when missing data is imputed. We show, using simulations, mathematical analysis, and empirical data, that imputing a fictive outcome to rejected cases (Elwin et al., 2007) is an adaptive strategy: it maximizes total expected reward. Imputation helps because it compensates for the optimistic bias exemplar models suffer from when they generalize from the available data, which is subject to a selection bias. We also show that such exemplar model with imputation can perform almost as well as the optimal Bayesian approach and can provide a simple and computationally efficient way to approximate the Bayesian approach for data with a selection bias.
Пространства и пространственные объекты у Шолом-Алейхема и Ф.М. Решетникова (Касриловка vs. Подлиповцы)
Authors: Walczak Maciej
Published: October 2023

The article deals with the issues of widely understood spaces and spatial objects which have some associative/emotional potential. These objects appear in the two texts mentioned above. Among these objects the central place is the house as well as the cemetery. These spaces were described and divided in a very close connection with the house and they are as follows: 1. The house space, 2. The nearby house space, 3. The outer/off space. The comparison of these two literary texts gives a contrastive image of the space and spatial objects typical for the two ethnic groups described in both texts. These groups are the Komi-Zyryans (The Podlipnayans) and the Diaspora (Kasrilovka). These commumities used to live in the lands of the Russian Empire.
Szmonces - historia jednego zapożyczenia
Authors: Krasowska Anna
Published: October 2023

Artykuł przedstawia proces zapożyczenia i semantycznego rozwoju idyszyzmu szmonces w języku polskim XX i XXI wieku. Semantyczna adaptacja tego wyrazu polega nie tylko na przeniesieniu jego znaczeń z jidysz do polszczyzny, lecz także na różnego rodzaju modyfikacjach, takich jak zwężenie i rozszerzenie znaczenia, zmiana nacechowania emocjonalnego i eliminacja wieloznaczności. Zmiany te są spowodowane przez szereg czynników wewnątrz- i zewnątrzjęzykowych.
Strój jako narzędzie propagowania mieszczańskiego habitusu – analiza artykułów Barbary Hoff w „Przekroju”
Authors: Załęska Olga
Published: October 2023

Olga Załęska analyses the content of Barbara Hoff ’s articles in the “Fashion” column in the weekly “Przekrój” in the years 1954–1969. Załęska conducted her research by taking into account the cultural, social and political context of the Polish People’s Republic, and primarily focusing on its unofficial class structure. Załęska argues that Hoff ’s publications had a significant symbolic meaning as tools of class struggle and of opposition to the ruling political power. Thus, they corresponded with the attitude of he intelligentsia whom this weekly brought closer together (as in the case of Leopold Tyrmand). In the “Fashion” column we can detect elements of the bourgeois habitus, which Hoff propagated among readers representing various social classes. Załęska analyses class aspects of Barbara Hoff 's educational message. Later statements by Hoff and members of the intelligentsia revolving around “Przekrój” ascribe a subversive potential to fashion as a way to resist the socialist system. Załęska explores this thesis, its defense made plausible by the assumption that the “resistance against the ruling power” is understood as a struggle with that power’s aesthetic and cultural aspect.
Zasady metody etnogeograficznej w polskiej etnologii i jej perspektywy
Authors: Miśta Rafał
Published: October 2023

The article is an attempt at collecting and discussing the procedures of the ethnogeographical method which have been used in Polish ethnology from the beginning of the twentieth century until today. The most important discussions of this method in the Polish scientific literature have been compiled, and on their basis a list synthesising its principles and heuristics has been created. The subsequent part of the article discusses how the ethnogeographic method as practised in Poland so far presents itself from the perspective of contemporary cartographic and statistical methods, especially from the viewpoint of research within the framework of cultural evolution and digital humanities.
Igrzyska sportów tradycyjnych jako promocja ludycznych form aktywności fizycznej i szansa na zachowanie narodowej tożsamości
Authors: Bronikowska Małgorzata
Published: October 2023

This article shows an important sphere of social life, i.e. Physical Culture, regarding its elements: play, games, and sports as intangible global and at the same time regional heritage of every corner of the world. Through this work, the author wants to emphasise the crucial role of traditional games and sports in the globalised world, also showing UNESCO and TAFISA’s huge initiatives and endeavours they undertake to revitalise and prevent old sports from being forgotten. They are devoted and very involved in building a better climate for the promotion of various traditional physical activities in the context of cultural diversity. The author also wants to stress in this article that there are few groups of people around the globe who really care about the intangible kind of heritage hidden in traditional forms of sports and games. The further intention of this work is to awaken the awareness of other researchers and people for whom the local heritage is fundamental for a better future in a unified world.
Issues regarding IT Consumerization: How Mixed IT Portfolios of Private and Business IT Components Cause Unreliability
Authors: Lanzl Julia , Schoch Manfred , Gimpel Henner
Published: October 2023

With increasing mobile work due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the usage and relevance of consumer IT for business purposes have substantially increased. In this light, an understudied area of IT consumerization, the adverse outcomes for employees using consumer IT for business purposes, is of major importance. We conduct a mixed-methods study to investigate the adverse outcomes of IT consumerization. We build on prior studies and end-user interviews to draw connections between IT consumerization and unreliability as one known technostressor. A quantitative survey of 162 full-time employees shows that IT consumerization is associated with increased unreliability. The users’ general computer self-efficacy, instead, decreases unreliability, and unreliability leads to various job-related and health-related outcomes. We show that unreliability is driven by users’ experience while trying to integrate private and business IT components for business purposes. We follow up on this observation through a qualitative analysis of open-ended survey questions to detail users’ experiences. Our findings emphasize the need to examine the negative outcomes of IT consumerization, despite its well-studied positive effects. We suggest that organizations should strive to integrate business and private IT as much as IT security constraints allow for reduced technostress.
Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Pendidikan Aagama Islam melalui Penerapan Strategi Take and Give Siswa di SMP Negeri 4 Kendari
Authors: Listiani Listiani , Masdin Masdin , Obaid Moh. Yahya , Marlina Marlina
Published: October 2023

Dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan strategi Take and Give dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar Pendidikan Agama Islam siswa di SMP Negeri 4 Kendari dengan jumlah siswa 34 dalam prosedur penelitian ini yaitu perencanaan, tindakan, pengamatan dan refleksi dengan cara berulang selama dua siklus. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan mengobservasi proses pembelajaran yang berlangsung dengan menggunakan lembar observasi dan data ketuntasan belajar yang diambil dengan cara memberikan tes kepada siswa setelah selesai tindakan. Dengan indikator keberhasilan individu mencapai KKM yakni 73 adapun ketuntasan klasikal individu mencapai 80% pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa penerapan strategi Take and Give dengan nilai Presentasi tuntas siswa setelah tindakan siklus I meningkat dibandingkan dengan nilai pra siklus yaitu 58,82 menjadi 67,64 dengan peningkatan Presentasi peningkat sebesar 14,99%, dengan nilai rata-rata 76,47. Namun belum dapat mencapai indikator kinerja yang telah ditetapkan. Selanjutnya nilai Presentasi tuntas siklus II meningkat dibandingkan dengan nilai Presentasi tuntas siklus I yaitu dari 67,64  menjadi 82,35 dengan presentasi peningkatan sebesar 21,74%, dengan nilai rata-rata 80,23.Kata Kunci: Take and Give, Hasil belajar
Metode Pembelajaran Nahwu Sharaf di Pondok Pesantren Hidayatullah Putri Kendari
Authors: Fitri Fitri , Abbas Abbas , Wahidah Fatirah , Gaffar Abdul
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan metode yang digunakan guru dalam pembelajran nahwu sharaf, faktor-faktor pendukung dan penghambatdalam proses pembelajaran nahawu sharaf, dan upaya yang dilakukan guru dalam mengatasi faktor penghambat siswa dalam pembelajaran nahwu sharaf di Pondok Pesantren Hidayatullah Putri Kendari. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian Kualitatif. Alat pengumpul data yaitu observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan cara memberikan makna terhadap data yang diperoleh kemudian menarik kesimpulan.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) metode yang digunakan guru dalam pembelajaran nahwu sharaf terbagi menjadi dua yaitu metode Qawaid Wa Tarjamah dan Metode Induktif; (2) faktor – faktor pendukung dan penghambat dalam proses pembelajaran nahwu sharaf terbagi menjadi dua yaitu faktor internal berupa motivasi, minat dan latar belakang pendidikan siswa yang berbeda serta cita-cita. Adapun faktor external berupa dukungan keluarga dan teman, faktor lingkungan, metode guru,adanya kamus bahasa arab, serta waktu dan jam pembelajaran yang begitu singkat; dan (3) upaya yang dilakukan guru dalam mengatasi faktor penghambat siswa dalam pembelajaran nahwu sharaf di Pondok Pesantren Hidayatullah Putri Kendari dengan cara pemberian motivasi, membenahi sistem pembelajaran, memberikan kesempatan kepada siswa untuk memperbaiki pemahaman mereka terkait ilmunahwu sharaf, selalu mengadakan evaluasi dalam pembelajaran sertamembenahi proses penyampaian materi yang sedemikian kompleks agar lebih mudah dipahami olehsiswa.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN GADGET DAN LINGKUNGAN BELAJAR TERHADAP MINAT BELAJAR PAI PADA SISWA SMP NEGERI 1 MOTUI KABUPATEN KONAWE UTARA
Authors: Ningsih Asri , Kadir Abdul , Fua Jumarddin La , Halistin Halistin
Published: October 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana respon siswa SMP Negeri 1 Motui di Kabupaten Konawe Utara terhadap lingkungan belajar, penggunaan gadget, dan antusiasme dalam belajar. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 120 siswa, dan 55 siswa di antaranya dijadikan sampel, yang dipilih dengan menggunakan pendekatan proportionate random sampling. (1) Pengaruh penggunaan gadget dan lingkungan belajar memiliki pengaruh langsung terhadap siswa di SMP Negeri 1 Motui Kab. Konawe Utara terhadap minat belajar PAI sebesar 39,7, yang ditunjukkan dengan hasil penelitian yang memperoleh nilai Fhitung > Ftabel yaitu 17,117 > 3,17 dan nilai signifikansi 0,000<0,05, (2) Motivasi siswa SMP Negeri 1 Motui Kab. Konawe Utara motivasi siswa dalam belajar PAI secara langsung dipengaruhi oleh penggunaan gadget sebesar 12,3, yang ditunjukkan dengan hasil perhitungan nilai sig. thitung > ttabel, yaitu 3,788 > 2,006 dan memiliki nilai signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05, (3) Hasil perhitungan sig. thitung> ttabel, yaitu 3,030 > 2,006 dan memiliki nilai signifikansi 0,004<0,05, menunjukkan bahwa lingkungan belajar berpengaruh langsung terhadap minat belajar PAI pada peserta didik SMP Negeri 1 Motui Kab. Konawe Utara dengan faktor sebesar 14,8.
„Największym pariasem rodu ludzkiego jest kobieta chrześcijanka” (?) Kościół i religia w dyskursie emancypacyjnym
Authors: Sadlik Magdalena
Published: October 2023

The topic signaled by the title is presented on the basis of several journalistic texts: the controversial book Thalitha kumi and articles by “fighting” women, including Cecylia Walewska, Kazimiera Bujwidowa, Iza Moszczeńska, Maria Turzyma, and Maria Czesława Przewóska. The fate of women over the centuries presented in them forms the “history of injustice,” which was blamed on, among other things, Christianity, which had distorted the teachings of Jesus. In the name of fighting forces hostile to progress, emancipatory journalism repeatedly attacked the institutional Church, seen as a bedrock of conservatism, backwardness, and dogmatism.
Mistycyzm – konserwatyzm – emancypacja. Lucjan Siemieński czyta św. Teresę z Ávili
Authors: Stachura-Lupa Renata
Published: October 2023

The paper is devoted to the question of how Lucjan Siemieński perceived St. Teresa of Ávila, a Spanish mystic, and her works. Siemieński’s interest in mysticism developed in the 1870s, i.e., in the last stage of his life, which the poet spent in Cracow. It reflects both his fascination with the European tradition, which, as a translator, he assimilated into the Polish culture since adolescence, and the conviction (shared with conservatives from Cracow) about the important role of the Catholic Church in history. Familiarizing the Polish reader with the life and work of the Spanish saint, Siemieński emphasizes the practical and intellectual aspects of her apostolic mission. In his essay, the gender of the protagonist in no way determines her social or religious position. The critic does not address the emancipatory dimension of her activities. By presenting her image to the readers and translating her poetry into Polish, he supports the tradition of Catholic literature and Catholicism, hoping that they will contribute to the revival of the nation.
Nadprzyrodzoność a wyzwolenie człowieka. Wokół związków religii i emancypacji w pismach Stanisława Brzozowskiego
Authors: Herbich Tomasz
Published: October 2023

The article characterizes two different variants of the relationship between religion and emancipation that appear in Stanisław Brzozowski’s writings. A comparison of the two articles (Religia i społeczeństwo [Religion and Society] and Alfred Loisy i zagadnienia modernizmu katolickiego [Alfred Loisy and the Issues of Catholic Modernism]), written over a period of only three years, leads to the conclusion that the radical change in the philosopher’s views on the relationship between the supernatural and human activity is the key to interpreting the difference in his opinions on religion. At the end of the article, however, I draw attention to the fact that both positions – negating religion from an emancipatory position and affirming it – can be found in Brzozowski’s earlier writings, which leads one to believe that the aforementioned difference between the two views can be captured not only diachronically, but also synchronically. The latter approach could serve to consider the hypothesis according to which Brzozowski’s position on the relationship between religion and emancipation was dependent on his views on the relationship between emancipation and the rational, cognitive element.