bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RESTORATION OF PARTS OF AUTOMOTIVE EQUIPMENT BY ELECTROPLATING WITH MOLYBDENUM DISULFIDE
Authors:   Southwest State University, Kursk, Russian Federation, AGEEVA E.V. , SEREBROVSKIY V.V. ,   Southwest State University, Kursk, Russian Federation, SEMYKIN V.A. ,   Kursk State Agrarian University named after I.I. Ivanov, Kursk, Russian Federation, SERNIKOVA O.S. ,   Southwest State University, Kursk, Russian Federation
Published: April 2024

One of the most versatile and flexible technological methods of influencing the properties of the treated surfaces is the method of electrolytic deposition of composite materials. The analysis of modern scientific and technical literature has shown that the issues of restoration and hardening of worn parts of automotive equipment by composite electroplating with the use of molybdenum disulfide as a solid lubricant have not been sufficiently considered (Research purpose) The research purpose is improving the technology of restoration and hardening of worn parts of automotive equipment by composite electroplating with molybdenum disulfide as a solid lubricant. (Materials and methods) Electrodeposition of composite coatings from electrolytes-suspensions with the addition of molybdenum disulfide was carried out on the L1 DIGIT electroplating unit. The technological parameters of electrodeposition were indicated: a current density of 20 amperes per square decimeter, a deposition time of 60 minutes and a concentration of molybdenum disulfide of 5 grams per liter. (Results and discussion) We developed, tested and investigated a new technology for restoring and hardening worn parts of automotive equipment with composite electroplating using molybdenum disulfide as a solid lubricant, the effectiveness of which is confirmed by the coating properties: the microstructure of the coating has a fine-grained structure, without inclusions; uniform phase distribution and absence of pores, cracks and discontinuities; elements Fe, Mo and S in the coating They are distributed evenly; the phases of Fe and MoS2 carbides are present in the coating; the coefficient of friction of coatings on a friction path of 500 meters is less than 0.1. The proposed technology for restoring and hardening worn parts of automotive equipment makes it possible to provide the necessary tribotechnical properties of coatings. (Conclusions) The results of bench tests showed that the life of parts restored and hardened with composite electroplating using molybdenum disulfide as a solid lubricant is 1.22 times higher than the life of new parts.
ANALYSIS OF MATERIALS WORKING IN AGGRESSIVE ENVIRONMENTS OF PROCESSING INDUSTRIES
Authors:   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, Moscow, Russian Federation, ZADOROZHNY R.N. , KUDRYASHOVA E.YU. ,   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, Moscow, Russian Federation, ROMANOV I.V. ,   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: April 2024

Processing and food industries, as well as animal husbandry, play a significant role in the structure of the agro-industrial complex of Russia. The specifics of working in these industries imply constant contact of equipment parts with aggressive environments, due to which mechanical wear is enhanced by corrosion wear. In processing, food production and animal husbandry, the task is further complicated by the fact that special sanitary and hygienic requirements are imposed on materials in contact with products. (Research purpose) The research purpose is studying the materials used for the manufacture of parts operating in aggressive environments in animal husbandry and processing production; identifying the most characteristic defects during operation; offering analogues of materials for repair and restoration. (Materials and methods) Used literary and patent sources, studied the principle and working conditions of milking machines and packaging machines. (Results and discussion) It was pointed out that the use of materials from which equipment parts are made in processing and food production is determined by such factors as the neutrality of the material to the product, the neutrality of the product to the material, the operability within the technological process. It was noted that the most versatile materials in terms of strength, rigidity, heat resistance, corrosion resistance, low cost, high hygienic properties are corrosion-resistant steels. However, such materials also wear out over time as a result of mechanical wear, which is enhanced by corrosion. Most often, guides, drive rollers and discs suffer, which experience loads in the form of friction. (Conclusions) In the equipment of processing and food production, as well as in animal husbandry, parts made of corrosion-resistant steels are most often used. It is advisable to restore such parts using laser technologies or plasma-powder surfacing, since alloyed steels are difficult to weld.
PLASTIC HARDNESS OF COMPOSITE COATINGS BASED ON CHROME
Authors:   Voronezh State Agricultural University named after emperor Peter I, Voronezh, Russian Federation, ZHACHKIN S.YU. , TRIFONOV G.I. ,   Military Educational and Scientific Center of the Air Force "Air Force Academy named after Professor N.E. Zhukovsky and Yu.A. Gagarin", Voronezh, Russian Federation, SIDORKIN O.A. ,   Military Educational and Scientific Center of the Air Force "Air Force Academy named after Professor N.E. Zhukovsky and Yu.A. Gagarin", Voronezh, Russian Federation, PUSTOVETOV A.V. ,   Voronezh State Agricultural University named after emperor Peter I, Voronezh, Russian Federation
Published: April 2024

One of the common problems leading to the failure of agricultural machin-ery units is a significant change in their geometric characteristics, which is associated with the wear of individual elements of power hydraulic equipment. To restore these parts, it is advisable to use methods of applying a dispersed-hardened galvanic com-posite coating, accompanied by the introduction of tool material into the coating due to direct contact of the tool with the workpiece. As a result, wear-resistant sediments with specified physical and mechanical properties are obtained, depending on the amount of wear of various sections of the surface being restored. (Research purpose) The research purpose is determining the strength parameters of dispersed-hardened galvanic composite coatings used for the restoration of power hydraulic equipment of agricultural machinery. (Materials and methods) Hydraulic cylinders of the drive of working bodies of agricultural machinery were used as experimental samples. It was noted that the coordinated change in tool pressure depending on the degree of wear of the surface makes it possible to obtain dimensional coatings with specified properties. (Results and discussion) A comparison of the results obtained in solving the contact problem of the contact of two bodies, solved by the methods of continuum mechan-ics, and experimental studies, and determined for this type of composite material the relationship between the magnitude of the force of pressing particles into the coating and the depth of their penetration. The conducted research allowed us to introduce the concept of plastic hardness, which qualitatively and quantitatively characterizes the properties of the resulting galvanic precipitation. (Conclusions) The relations obtained in the work allow us to control the process of forming a composite galvanic deposit during the restoration of power hydraulic equipment of agricultural machinery, preventing overhardening of such a coating, and setting it the required degree of hardening.
DETECTION OF ANTIBIOTICS IN MILK BY ITS PHOTOLUMINESCENT PROPERTIES
Authors:   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, Moscow, Russian Federation, SAMARIN G.N. ,   Northern Trans-Ural State Agricultural University, Tyumen, Russian Federation, BELYAKOV M.V. ,   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, Moscow, Russian Federation, EFREMENKOV I.YU. ,   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, Moscow, Russian Federation, LYASHCHUK YU.O. ,   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: April 2024

The use of antibiotics in the breeding of farm animals is an urgent problem with regard to food safety. For the dairy industry, the detection of residual amounts of antibiotics is crucial because of their inhibitory effect on fermentation processes. The most promising are optical screening methods for detecting these substances in milk and its processed products. Using optical sensors, it is possible to recognize a wide range of substances with high sensitivity and detect the residual content of various antibiotics, including the penicillin group. (Research Purpose) The research purpose is studying the possibility of detecting antibiotics of the penicillin group in milk by its photoluminescent properties. (Materials and methods) The spectral characteristics of milk excitation were measured on a CM 2203 spectrofluorimeter in the range from 200-500 nanometers. The control measurement of the antibiotic content in milk was carried out using BIOEASY 4in1 BSCT test kits. (Results and discussion) Four waves with a maximum length of 290, 324, 360 and 445 nanometers were present in the excitation spectrum of all milk samples. The spectra are measured and the integral fluxes of milk photoluminescence are calculated. (Conclusions) The presence of penicillin antibiotics in milk affects the optical properties of photoluminescence. The most informative are the excitation wavelength 360 and the photoluminescence detection range at 400-650 nanometers. The conducted studies confirm the possibility of qualitative determination of the presence of antibiotics in milk at a concentration of 0.001 mg/kg and above, which is 3-4 times more accurate than using the method with BIOEASY 4in1 BSCT test kits.
HELIOPYROLYSIS PLANT FOR PRODUCING ALTERNATIVE FUELS FROM BIOMASS AND ORGANIC AGRICULTURAL WASTE
Authors:   Karshi Engineering-Economics Institute, Karshi, Republic of Uzbekistan, UZAKOV G.N. , ALMARDANOV KH.A. ,   Karshi Engineering-Economics Institute, Karshi, Republic of Uzbekistan
Published: April 2024

The analysis of scientific research has been carried out, which presents technologies for processing biomass and agricultural organic waste based on solar energy, providing alternative fuels for solving energy saving problems of autonomous consumers. (Research purpose) The research purpose is developing and substantiating the main parameters of a heliopyrolysis plant with a parabolic solar concentrator for producing alternative fuels from biomass to meet the domestic needs of rural homes and farms. (Materials and methods) Analyzed the thermal and technological schemes of existing pyrolysis plants, thermal biomass processing systems and their energy intensity. A technological scheme of a heliopyrolysis plant with a parabolic solar concentrator has been developed. Based on the developed technological scheme, the design of an experimental heliopyrolysis installation with a parabolic solar concentrator was created. A methodology for conducting experimental studies on pyrolysis of biomass and organic waste using concentrated solar energy has been developed. (Results and discussion) Based on the results of experiments, it was shown that as a result of pyrolysis of 1 kilogram of rubber waste loaded into the reactor of the installation, 20 percent of liquid and 35 percent of gaseous fuels were obtained, 34 percent of coal, 10 percent of liquid and 56 percent of gaseous fuels were obtained from the same amount of chicken manure, 55 percent of liquid and 45 percent of gaseous fuel, from plant waste (cotton stalks) - 34 percent of coal, 26 percent of liquid and 40 percent of gaseous fuel. (Conclusions). It was found based on the results of the scientific research carried out and the technical and economic calculations carried out that the use of a parabolic solar concentrator in pyrolysis installations made it possible to increase the energy efficiency of the installation by 10-12 percent. It was determined that within one year, having processed 1.0 ton of biomass using a heliopyrolysis unit with a parabolic solar concentrator, it is possible to obtain 300-350 cubic meters of gaseous fuel, 350-400 kilograms of pyrolysis liquid, 200-300 kilograms of charcoal.
DETERMINATION OF THE LOADING OF AN ASYNCHRONOUS MOTOR WITH A SQUIRREL-CAGE ROTOR DURING OPERATION
Authors:   Irkutsk State Agrarian University named after A.A. Ezhevskiy, Molodezhnyy settlement, Irkutsk district, Irkutsk region, Russian Federation, BONNET YA.V. , LOGINOV A.YU. ,   Irkutsk State Agrarian University named after A.A. Ezhevskiy, Molodezhnyy settlement, Irkutsk district, Irkutsk region, Russian Federation, PRUDNIKOV A.YU. ,   Irkutsk State Agrarian University named after A.A. Ezhevskiy, Molodezhnyy settlement, Irkutsk district, Irkutsk region, Russian Federation, PODYACHIKH S.V. ,   Irkutsk State Agrarian University named after A.A. Ezhevskiy, Molodezhnyy settlement, Irkutsk district, Irkutsk region, Russian Federation
Published: April 2024

In the agro-industrial complex, asynchronous electric motors with a squirrel-cage rotor are widely used in most technological processes. More than half of them are unevenly loaded, which leads to overspending of electricity or premature failure of the electric motor. Installation of engines in hard-to-reach places makes it difficult to access live parts to control their main indicators during operation, therefore, for rational operation and prevention of failures, it is required to develop a method for operational control of engine operation parameters without stopping the technological process. (Research purpose) The research purpose is substantiating the possibility of determining the load of an asynchronous electric motor by the frequency of rotation of the rotor shaft. (Materials and methods) A load bench for experimental studies was manufactured, consisting of an asynchronous motor with a squirrel-cage rotor and a DC generator of independent excitation. The research was carried out by loading the asynchronous motor with a generator for various values of the rotor speed, at which its main indicators were recorded. (Results and discussion) Graphs of current measurement, power factor and power consumption from engine rotor revolutions were presented. We analyzed the dynamics of changes in the main indicators of an asynchronous motor depending on its load. It was found that the studied indicators vary linearly depending on the engine speed with high approximation reliability. (Conclusions) Analytical dependencies were identified to determine the main engine indicators by rotor speed. It has been shown that the proposed method for determining the load is easy to use, since it is enough to measure the rotor speed and compare it with the nominal one, regardless of the technical characteristics of the engine.
ELECTRIC ENERGY STORAGE CONTROL SYSTEM BASED ON FUZZY LOGIC METHOD
Authors:   TSN-electro LLC, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation, PODSHIVALOV E.S. , KRYUKOV O.V. ,   TSN-electro LLC, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
Published: April 2024

In rapidly developing world, the complexity of electric energy storage management systems and a significant data flow affect the development of technologies and contribute to the transition from classical to more efficient control methods based on fuzzy logic, which are able to function with complex structures and incomplete information. (Research Purpose) The research purpose is developing the optimal structure of the control system according to the criterion of minimizing the number of rules of fuzzy logic and increasing the energy efficiency of the electric power storage and justifying further research and implementation of this system in the software package. (Materials and methods) Used the methods of analysis, synthesis and modeling used to create the structure of the control system being developed based on the fuzzy logic method. (Results and discussion) The final structure of the power storage management system was determined on the basis of the fuzzy logic method, which is presented as a list of rules. The main variables on which the work of the control system being developed is based have been formulated. (Conclusions) The results obtained are the basis for further research and development of a control system based on a software package capable of influencing the controls of an electric power storage device.
THE ANALYSIS OF OPERATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MILK ACCOUNTING DEVICES
Authors:   Великолукская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия, GERASIMOVA O.A. , SOLOVYOV S.V. ,   Великолукская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия, TOLPESOV A.S. ,   Великолукская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия
Published: April 2024

The foreign and domestic individual milk yield accounting devices analysis is carried out. The dairy industry development’s main directions for production rate’s and milk quality increasing are given. The development of these areas is impossible without for milk collecting, accounting and primary processing. Milk accounting on modern domestic and foreign farms can be both group and individual. At group accounting, milk from cows enters into a cooling tanker, and then, through a metering device, into the tanks of vehicles for transportation for enterprises and plants processing. This is a simple and convenient method using only one milk meter, however, by this accounting method, the milking process control impossible. The individual milk yield counters’ using is important for particular cow milk yield predicting for cow health preserving due to milking cups’ absence overexposing. Also, individual milk accounting allows to separate mastitis infected milk from the healthy cows’ milk, that allows to reject only part of farmer milk producing, and not the entire batch, as it would be in the case with group accounting. A brief description of the types of sensors for individual and group milk metering from foreign and domestic producers is presented. An advantages and disadvantages of the considered milk metering devices comparative assessment is given. It is concluded that there is a necessity developing for a system that will meet the following requirements: the ability with a milk-and-air mixture working; device’s high autonomy; construction’s simplicity; high accuracy. Based on the analysis of milk meter designs, it can be argued that the most design promising should be based on the capacitive principle, when the milk-and-air mixture flow will change the electrical capacitance
STAGES OF DOMESTIC ROBOTIC MILKING SYSTEM’S SOFTWARE-AND-APPARATUS COMPLEX DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   РУП «НПЦ НАН Беларуси по механизации сельского хозяйства», ZHILICH E.L. , ROGALSKAYA YU.N. ,   РУП «НПЦ НАН Беларуси по механизации сельского хозяйства»
Published: April 2024

The Republic of Belarus has the potential to milk production increasing till 9.7-9.8 mln ton by 2025. This task’s fulfillment by a set of organizational and technological measures completing the agricultural and other organizations’ phased specialization and it transitions to industrial, intensive milk production technologies carrying out can be achieved. This research’s results conducted on Republic of Belarus dairy farms indicates the robotic milking machines’ need for import substitution and domestic robotic milking equipment development, the creation of which is proposed in several stages to be carried out. At the initial stage, it is necessary a software-and-apparatus complex and robotic milking system (positioning system of robotic executive bodies) actuators, that is the robotic milking units’ central link developing. At each of the subsequent stages, the robotic executive bodies’ positioning system will be retrofitted with a multiparametric milk quality control system, that will allow to respond changes promptly in case of their occurrence and recognize acidosis and ketosis at an early stage. An even higher equipment level will ensure the robotic milking machines in combination with automated control systems using, that will make it possible the milking process, control the milk quality optimizing, as well as dispensed concentrate feed amount normalizing. At robotic milking systems developing, it is necessary to take the simplest, universal solutions that can be applied within any equipment’s configuration with an unification’s high level (including the separate units for different types’ existing milking machines upgrading using), interchangeability, maintainability. So as the robotic systems using in the Republic it is implemented everywhere, our own simple and original solutions’ development will provide a manufactured equipment’s much higher level in compared to copying finished products, involving the expensive elements, devices and entire units using.
AN INTEGRATED ASSESSMENT OF THE HIGH PRODUCTION’S COWS FEEDING SYSTEM FOR LIQUID EKD USING EFFECTIVENESS
Authors:   СКЗНИВИ - филиал ФГБНУ ФРАНЦ, ERMAKOV I.YU. , FOMICHEV YU.P. ,   ФГБНУ ФИЦ ВИЖ им. Л.К. Эрнста
Published: April 2024

Due to on black-and-white cows scientific-and-economic experience, the liquid energy feed additive (EKD) feeding’s scheme and technology have been worked out. An integrated assessment conducted during this additive’s testing of the animals’ metabolic processes positive changes in the physiology and biochemistry and health improving had showed. The EKD using in the cows highyielding nutrition during transition period in order to the ration’s energy nutritional value increasing had a positive effect on milk chemical composition, physical and technological properties at average daily milk yield natural fat content of 31,1 and 31,8 kg; 33,3 and 33,2 kg for cows of control and experimental groups respectively, at the 1-st and 2-nd month of lactation. At milk of 4% fat composition counting, the daily milk yields’ average differences was increased and amounted, respectively, 38,0 and 33,8 kg in the control; in the experiment 39,1 and 38,5 kg at the 1-st and 2-nd month of lactation. In the cows milk treated with EKD, the average fat content for 2 months of lactation was 4,8%, protein - 3,5%, versus 4,5% and 3,0%, respectively in controls. This allowed as additional 6,9 kg of fat and 9,4 kg of protein per 1 head during this period obtaining, that was in 8,0% and 16,3% more than in the control groups respectively. The cows milk with EKD receiving was differed positively both in acidity in °T according to Kabyshev, and in thermal stability, rennet-fermentation sample and it had in 2,3 times fewer somatic cells. At the same time, the EKD gave the intensity of protein, carbohydrate and fat metabolism increasing, negatively the functional state of the liver and free radical oxidation of lipids in the first month of lactation with a significant improvement in this condition in the second affecting. The inclusion of dry and newbodied EKD in the cows’ rations is physiologically and economically feasible.
APPLICATION OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES AT INFECTION’S MANAGEMENT IN LIVESTOCK
Authors:   Московская гос. академия ветеринарной медицины и биотехнологии им. К.И. Скрябина, ZABOLOTSKAYA T.V. , STAUFEN A.V. ,   Московская гос. академия ветеринарной медицины и биотехнологии им. К.И. Скрябина, VOLKOV M.YU. ,   Московская гос. академия ветеринарной медицины и биотехнологии им. К.И. Скрябина
Published: April 2024

Disinfection is the only effective way to combat infectious diseases and to prevent them in the livestock complex’s conditions, as well as one of the methods of adequate level product quality maintaining. By regard to livestock complexes, there are three main types of treatment: preventive, that is carried out before new premises commissioning; forced - systematical, upon detection of a sick animal; final, it is a set of measures taken to quarantine from the farm removing. In some cases, for example, at on dairy complexes or farms’ maternity wards where the forced disinfection is carried out, one of the most important tasks is a certain treatment method due to the completely impossibility the farm premises from animals to relieve. This is exactly the way for aerosol disinfection works. The use of modern portable aerosol systems allows to safe fast, efficient and aerosol disinfection, including at the presence of animals, that is certainly a huge advantage. For example, at cold mist generators using, treatment occurs by a cloud consisting of the smallest particles of disinfectant (5-50 microns) forming, which, once in the environment, settle on the surface for some time, even into the smallest cracks penetrating. The particles spraying this size exactly allows to spray a disinfectant without farm animals body harm. Unlike hot mist generators, cold mist treatment in the animals’ presence if the disinfectant is not toxic to animals can be carried out. In addition such portable systems using ensures high quality accurate of disinfectant application, economical consumption, processing time minimizing, and also air environment’s high quality treatment, that is a huge advantage due to the fact that many infectious diseases by airborne droplets are transmitted. In addition to cold mist generators, it is possible disinfection units for aerosol disinfection using.
IMPROVING OF THE LIVESTOCK BY-PRODUCTS PROCESSING SYSTEM’S ENERGY EFFICIENCY BASED ON THEIR ANAEROBIC BIOCONVERSION
Authors:   Федеральный научный агроинженерный центр ВИМ, KOVALEV A.A. , KOVALEV D.A. ,   Федеральный научный агроинженерный центр ВИМ, MAKAROV A.G. ,   Федеральный научный агроинженерный центр ВИМ
Published: April 2024

One of the anaerobic bioconversion process’s significant disadvantage at organic waste and animal by products’ treatment is the limiting stage, namely hydrolysis existing. A number of wellknown methods of livestock organic waste and by products before methane fermentation’s pretreatment are described. To eliminate this disadvantage and hydrolysis process accelerating, it was proposed to use an improved vortex layer apparatus with an integrated ferromagnetic core located coaxially in the apparatus vortex layer’s working chamber pretreatment system using. This system allows to accelerate not only hydrolysis, but also to introduce additionally iron particles into the substrate, which are a catalyst for methanogenesis using. In addition, the iron particles anaerobic oxidation products are nutrients for methanogenic microorganisms. At the same time, it is known that the vortex layer apparatus consumed energy significant part into waste heat, that can be disposed by a pump’s compression heat using is converted. An experimental installation was developed and created, and its operation’s description is given. The energy consumption’s investigated system structure for animal by products processing based on their anaerobic bioconversion was also determined. By the response surface methodology using, key factors’ influence was studied, namely, of the initial substrate’s pumping rate, the vortex layer apparatus cooling system for pumps’ circulation supply and electromagnetic field in the vortex layer apparatus’ coil frequency on the coolants’ temperatures in the heat pump’s compression evaporator and condenser and the initial substrate’s temperature’s changing and, as a result, the energy efficiency process preprocessing. By the central composite experiment’s design using, these factors’ optimal values with an electricity coefficient conversion into heat optimized value based on previously defined optimization’s criteria were found. The obtained experimental data allow to talk about in both the electricity conversion’s coefficient spent on the ABC operation and the energy system’s efficiency as a whole increasing.
THE EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF LIQUID MANURE MIXING BY A MIXER WITH A CONICAL CASING
Authors:   Белорусский государственный аграрный технический университет, KITUN A.V. , SHVED I.M. ,   Белорусский государственный аграрный технический университет
Published: April 2024

Mixing in various industries is widely used to obtain homogeneous media in composition, as well as to intensify the processes of mass and heat transfer. So, in livestock, various types of equipment are used to mix liquid manure stored in a manure storage facility. The mixing method and equipment used for its implementation’s choice is due to the aggregate state of the manure mass stored in the manure storage. Most of the currently existing the liquid manure mixing equipment works mainly in stationary regime, at working bodies’ constant angular velocity. At this manure mass volume method of influencing on the manure storage, there are zones in which the mixed media’s flow rate is low, and manure particles do not participate in their movement, and therefore mixing quality is deteriorated. The a mixer with an agitator’s experimental studies results that are encircled by a conical casing, are presented. A mixer is used on farms to mix liquid manure in order to a homogeneous consistency obtaining. This specified unit’s working body is a stirrer, that in depending on its design, can have from two till four blades. However, this stirrer elements’ design already have an upper, its operational capabilities’ limit is well known. In order forming homogeneous manure mass’s unit cost reducing, the flow transported power for stirrer blades possibility increasing was studied. For this task’s performing, a conical casing along the blades’ outer radius was installed. Based on this experimental studies to solve energy saving and stored manure mixing intensification’s problems, the conical mixer’s casing optimal parameters have been determined. The experimental studies’ results of manure mixer with a conical casing’s technical parameters are presented. The dependences of liquid manure mixing process energy intensity on casing nozzle diameter, mixer relative inclination outlet’s angle to the horizontal plane and the number of stirrer’s revolutions are determined.
Use of Conjunctival Pedicle Grafts to Treat Corneal Diseases in the Horse. Retrospective Review of 26 Cases
Authors: Mair Tim , Royce Elizabeth , Schofield Imogen
Published: April 2024

Background There are limited data on outcomes and complications
of conjunctival pedicle grafts in horses. Objective Document
the indications, complications and outcomes of conjunctival pedicle
grafts in horses. Study Design Retrospective case series.
Methods Review of case records of horses with corneal diseases
managed using conjunctival pedicle grafts. History, clinical findings,
treatments, complications, and outcomes were recorded. Results
26 horses were treated by conjunctival pedicle grafts over a 16 years
period. The indications were deep corneal ulceration (n=9), non-healing
superficial corneal ulceration (n=6), corneal stromal abscessation
(n=5), corneal laceration (n=3) and keratomalacia (n=3). Short term
complications occurred in 12 horses (46%), the commonest being necrosis
of the graft (n=6); in 3 cases, the corneal lesion healed following
debridement, but in 2 the affected eye required enucleation and one was
euthanased. Keratomalacia and ulceration extending beyond the graft
occurred in 3 horses, all of which were enucleated. Uveitis occurred in
6 horses (4 cases prior to discharge and 2 after discharge); enucleation
was required in 5 of these horses. Phthisis bulbi occurred prior to
discharge in one horse and after discharge in another. Two horses had
decreased faecal output after surgery (one had caecal impaction). In
6/26 cases (23%) enucleation was required prior to hospital discharge.
One horse was euthanased due to post-operative caecal impaction. The
short-term success rate was 69%. Two horses (8%) required enucleation
after discharge from the hospital and the long-term success rate was
58%. Main Limitations Small number of cases with variety of
different diseases of varying severities. Conclusions
Conjunctival pedicle grafts were successfully employed to treat several
corneal diseases including chronic superficial corneal ulceration, deep
corneal ulceration, corneal stromal abscesses, corneal lacerations and
keratomalacia. The short-term success rate was 69%. Long-term follow-up
indicated a good prognosis for most horses that had a successful
short-term outcome.
The influence of motivators on responsible consumption in tourism
Authors: Kubicková Viera , Kubíková Ľubomíra , Dudic Branislav , Premovic Jelena
Published: April 2024

Responsible consumption in tourism is a crucial prerequisite for its
sustainable development. Tourists' attitudes are an essential topic in the
issue of waste generation and management in both academic and practical
environments. Raising awareness of waste issues, education, media influence,
and influencers? support can positively or negatively shape tourists'
attitudes toward environmentally conscious behavior. The paper examines the
attitudes of Slovak tourism consumers toward sustainable consumption and
waste generation. The study objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of
motivators for responsible consumption in Slovakia's tourism industry. Four
motivators and two attitudes that determine responsible consumption in
tourism were determined. The results are based on data from primary research
through a questionnaire conducted on a sample of 284 respondents. The
intensity of perception of individual motivators was monitored through a
5-point Likert scale. The study defines one research question and four
hypotheses. Spearman's correlation coefficient and logistic regression were
used to verify the relationship between the selected motivators and
consumers? attitudes. The results confirm that the motivators ?Family? and
?Media?, by providing information about waste and its effects on tourism
destinations, are strong motivators for responsible consumption in tourism.
?Education? and ?Influencer? are less effective motivators. Based on this,
the contribution presents possible measures to strengthen the education of
consumers in the tourism industry on responsible consumption in waste
generation.
Community integration and its predictors in people with stroke: a multicenter longitudinal study
Authors: Zhao Jiang-Li , Ma Lian-Dong , Xiao Xiang , Lin Li-Jun , Xie Hao , Ng Shamay S.M. , Chen Pei-Ming
Published: April 2024

Objective: To investigate the community integration of patients following stroke and determine the predictors of their level of community integration at 1-year follow-up.
Design: A multicenter, longitudinal, and observational study.
Subjects: Sixty-five inpatients (41 men) with a mean age of 56.9 (standard deviation = 17.0) years, who had their first stroke at least 1 month prior to this study were recruited from 4 rehabilitation inpatient wards in China.
Methods: In the initial assessment, the participants were evaluated using the Community Integration Questionnaire, the Fugl-Meyer Assessment, the Berg Balance Scale, the Modified Barthel Index, the Mini Mental State Examination, and the Modified Ashworth Scale. In the follow-up assessments, which were conducted via telephone no less than 1 year after discharge, the participants were evaluated using the Community Integration Questionnaire and also assessed for other disease-related conditions.
Results: The participants’ scores on the Community Integration Questionnaire in the follow-up assessment were significantly greater than those at the initial assessment (p < 0.05). In addition, the participants’ Community Integration Questionnaire scores in the follow-up assessment were significantly correlated with their ages, numbers of years of education, and Modified Barthel Index, Berg Balance Scale, Mini Mental State Examination scores in the initial assessment (p < 0.05), and marginally significantly correlated with their scores on Fugl-Meyer Assessment in the initial assessment (p = 0.058). The participants’ ages, numbers of years of education, and Modified Barthel Index, Berg Balance Scale, Mini Mental State Examination, Fugl-Meyer Assessment of the lower extremity, and Fugl-Meyer Assessment scores in the initial assessment were predictive of their Community Integration Questionnaire scores at follow-up, with coefficients of determination ranging from 0.254 to 0.056 (p < 0.05).
Conclusions: The level of community integration of the participants was generally low, but it was greater at 1-year follow-up than it was initially. Balance function and daily living ability may be key predictors of community integration of patients following stroke.
Neues Archiv für Niedersachsen 1.2023
Authors: zum Studium Niedersachsens e.V. Wissenschaftliche Gesellschaft
Published: April 2024

Wohnen ist ein menschliches Grundbedürfnis, zugleich ist es Standortfaktor und Gegenstand privatwirtschaftlicher wie öffentlicher Aktivitäten. Der Wohnungsmarkt ist auch in Niedersachsen seit Jahren angespannt. Vor allem bezahlbares Wohnen ist ein knappes Gut geworden. Zielkonflikte zwischen Wohnen und Gewerbe und besondere soziale und ökologische Herausforderungen prägen mittlerweile die wohnungspolitische Landschaft. Das Heft „Neuer Wohnungsbau in Niedersachsen“ beleuchtet in seinem Schwerpunkt die verschiedenen Aspekte und Perspektiven, darunter auch konkrete Handlungsansätze und gute Beispiele aus Niedersachsen.
Barriers to Escape: How Homelessness and Drug Addiction Prevent Women from Escaping Sex Trafficking and Commercial Sex
Authors:   Global Centurion, USA, Lederer Laura J , Chandler McKamie ,   Global Centurion, USA, Stinson Stanley ,   Street Outreach Teams, Detroit
Published: April 2024

Victims of sex trafficking and women purportedly involved in prostitution volun-tarily face a complex web of interconnected challenges when attempting to escape their current circumstances. By analyzing the shared and distinct challenges faced by these women, the paper aims to inform policymakers and service providers, offering recommendations to empower women seeking to escape exploitation through multi-disciplinary and interconnected networks of providers. This study surveyed 74 wom-en in Detroit, Michigan, using nonprobability convenience sampling over a 10-month period in 2020. It compared three groups of women who self-reported as victims of sex trafficking, women who voluntarily engaged in some form of commercial sex, and women currently not in the sex industry. The study examined five outcome dimen-sions: substance use, housing stability, violence, interactions with law enforcement, and healthcare barriers. Among surveyed women, 45 reported sex trafficking experi-ences, 20 engaged in prostitution voluntarily, and nine were currently neither traf-ficked nor in prostitution. While some experiences were shared, like drug use and child presence, unique challenges emerged for sex trafficking victims. Victims of sex traffick-ing reported higher rates of homelessness, violence, lower education, and poorer health compared to others. However, those who were trafficked and those who report-ed being voluntarily involved in the sex trade had many similar problems. The survey highlights the interconnected barriers faced by women in sex trafficking or prostitu-tion: substance abuse, homelessness, and health problems. All three groups of women reported having children, which underscores the great need for support systems for families of trafficking survivors or those in the sex industry. Educating professionals and raising awareness can enhance responses and interventions, enabling more women to design exit strategies and begin the path to recovery.
Morphological and Anatomical Study to The Colchicum szovitsii from Colchicaceae Family in Iraq
Authors: Jbarah Sura H. , Al-Rawi Areej A. F.
Published: April 2024

Background: Colchicum szovitsii it is a wild perennial herbaceous plant grows in Iraq, it is medical and poisonous herb contain colchicine (alkaloid have cytotoxic effects) especially in corm and seeds. All parts are highly toxic if eaten. Handling of corms may cause skin allergy. Methods: This investigation present morphological and anatomical features of this plant for the first time in Iraq. (3) Results: The corm shape oblong to oblong-ovoid, the shape of the leaf is linear to oblong-lanceolate, undifferentiated perianth with 6 white oblanceolate tepals, the stamens epiphyllous. The anatomical study observed isolateral leaf, uniseriate epidermis and anomocytic stomata, and the mesophyll consisting many layers of irregular spongy paranchyma (chloranchyma), the type of vascular bundle is collateral. Conclusions: In this study we found that C. szovitsii distributed in Iraq have different morphological and anatomical features from the same species in Turkey and Iran like the dimension of corms, leaves, stamens, filament, anthers and capsule.
Reforming the Pension System for Professional Income Tax Payers: Regional Platform
Authors:   Ural State Economic University, Pyankova Svetlana G. , Bikbov Evgeniy A. ,   Ural State Economic University
Published: April 2024

The difficulties that arose after the entry into force of the Federal Law “On conducting an experiment to estab-lish a special tax regime “Tax on professional income”” dated November 27, 2018 No. 422-FZ require a com-prehensive study and modification of the legislative framework. Many citizens who pay tax on professional in-come do not make contributions to the pension insurance system, which is one of the reasons for the high sub-sidy dependence of the Social Fund of Russia on the federal budget. According to the authors, it is necessary to develop a way to attract citizens to participate in the pension insurance program. The article considers an ex-ample of a possible solution to this issue: the introduction of tax deduction for taxpayers of tax on professional income in part of the tax paid, and assesses its impact on the regional budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
China and Latin American Countries: Problems and Prospects of Cooperation in the XXI Century
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Vandtke Anna V. , Prudnikova Аnna А. ,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
Published: April 2024

The aim of this study is to identify the problems and determine the prospects for China’s cooperation with Latin American countries in the 21st century. The relevance of the topic is caused by the increasing interaction be-tween China and the region, which has a direct impact on the international geopolitical environment. In the course of the research general scientific methods such as analysis and synthesis, comparisons and groupings, as well as generalisation of the results obtained were used. The paper analysed the development of trade in-teraction between the countries, investment cooperation and the peculiarities of China’s projects in the region. The specificity of the global position of Latin America in the conditions of division of influence between the USA and China is reflected. As a result of the conducted study, the strengthening of China’s position in the region was identified, and contradictions in China’s foreign trade policy towards Latin American countries were re-vealed.
Ideology of Russian Feminism in the Light of Gender Processes (Analysis of Feminist Discourse)
Authors:   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin, Olifir Irina A. , Shalin Viktor V. ,   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin, Tambiyants Yulian G. ,   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin
Published: April 2024

The article delves into Russian feminism from the perspective of an ideological discourse field that has a coer-cive effect on the participants covered by this field. In modern conditions, the leading actor of discourse for-mation is the blogosphere. Analyzing a number of sites and online videos has shown that apologists of Russian intersectional feminism tend to absolutize the constructivist component of social differences between men and women, which allegedly determine the structure and viciousness of gender relations. However, this thesis de-termines the whole logic of feminist discourse. The functional side of Russian feminism is the emphasis on a critical approach to a number of social facts and phenomena, which allows for a more in-depth understanding of their real and potential problems. Feminism’s socio-economic and legal demands adequately reflect the problems at hand. Far less adequate is feminism on the socio-cultural sphere, where aesthetic norms are actu-ally replaced by naturalism, and politically, feminism is a tool of the diffuse influence of the Western political correctness project, aimed at cultural degradation, anomization and fragmentation of Russian society.
Civilizational Challenge to the Institution of Family and Marriage in Russia: The Sociological Aspect
Authors:   Amur State University, Shakhova Irina A.
Published: April 2024

This article analyzes the nature of the change in basic values in the social system of Russian society. The au-thor uses a civilizational approach to analyze social changes in the institution of family and marriage. From the perspective of the civilizational analysis of the social phenomena faced by the modern Russian family, the so-cial factors affecting millions of families of Russian society as an integral system are actualized. New indicators of the effectiveness of the social institution of family and marriage and their conditionality are related to the structure of human needs in the increasingly complex multicultural process of interaction between different civilizations. The article presents data from the results of regional sociological studies in 2014 and 2022. The object of the study are residents of the Amur region. The relevance of the article is related to the analysis of the rate of spread in the mass consciousness of civilizational values and meanings that are not peculiar to the Eastern Orthodox civilization, to which Russia belongs.
Recognising Child Abuse and Neglect in the Dental Practice: An Overview for Malaysian Practitioners
Authors:   Centre of Studies for Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Campus Sungai Buloh, Sungai Buloh 47000, Malaysia, Badrul Hisham Abdul Rauf , Abdul Razak Hairuladha ,   Head of Department, Forensic Odontology Department, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Ashar Atika ,   Department of Craniofacial Diagnostic and Biosciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kei Joe Leong
Published: April 2024

Dental practitioners may face child abuse and neglect in their daily practise. However, such instances usually go unreported due to a lack of appropriate information. Furthermore, practitioners are hesitant to disclose instances for a variety of reasons, creating a vicious circle that confines the victim and has major long-term consequences. This review will emphasise crucial strategies for recognising child abuse in dental settings, how to deal with it, and how dentists can better prepare themselves to deal with such cases if they occur. In addition, this research makes some recommendations for how dental practitioners in general should better prepare for such unforeseen scenarios.