bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treatment Failure Among Infected Periprosthetic Patients at a Highly Specialized Revision TKA Referral Practice
Authors: Schwarzkopf Ran , Oh Daniel , Wright Elizabeth , Estok Daniel M , Katz Jeffery N
Published: July 2013

Deep infection is a serious and costly complication of total knee arthroplasty (TKA), which can increase patient morbidity and compromise functional outcome and satisfaction. Two-stage revision with an interval of parental antibiotics has been shown to be the most successful treatment in eradicating deep infection following TKA.

We report a large series by a single surgeon with a highly specialized revision TKA referral practice.

We identified 84 patients treated by a two-stage revision. We defined “successful two-stage revision” as negative intraoperative cultures and no further infection-related procedure. We defined “eradication of infection” on the basis of negative cultures and clinical diagnosis.

After a mean follow up of 25 months, eradication of the infection was documented in 90.5% of the patients; some had undergone further surgical intervention after the index two-stage procedure. Successful two-stage revision (e.g. no I&D, fusion, amputation) was documented only in 63.5% of the patients. We also observed a trend between presence of resistant staphylococcus (MRSA) (p=0.05) as well as pre-revision surgical procedures (p=0.08) and a lower likelihood of successfully two-stage revision.

Factors affecting the high failure rate included multiple surgeries prior to the two-stage revision done at our institution, and high prevalence of MRSA present among failed cases.

The relatively high rate of failure to achieve a successful two-stage revision observed in our series may be attributed to the highly specialized referral practice. Thus increasing the prevalence of patients with previous failed attempts at infection eradication and delayed care as well as more fragile and immune compromised hosts.
Evaluating student interpreters' stress and coping strategies
Authors: Kao Po-Chi , Craigie Philip
Published: July 2013

The purpose in this study was to evaluate the severity of stress experienced by student interpreters and the coping strategies that they employed. Our main interest was in determining how well coping strategies could explain the stress caused by interpreting. We used a survey method
to collect data from 186 student interpreters at a university in Taiwan. We employed the Interpretation Classroom Anxiety Scale and the Coping Strategy Indicator. The results indicated that approximately 42% of the variance in the development of student interpreters' stress found in this sample
could be explained by the coping strategies used. Among 3 coping strategies used, avoidance made the largest significant unique contribution to the explanation of student interpreters' stress.
Subjective happiness and health behavior among a sample of university students in India
Authors: Peltzer Karl , Pengpid Supa
Published: July 2013

The aim in this study was to establish the associations between health behaviors and happiness in an Asian (Indian) population. In a cross-sectional survey we assessed happiness and health behavior among a sample of 800 randomly selected university students taking nonhealth (mainly
engineering and sciences) undergraduate courses at Gitam University, Visakhapatnam in India. The students were 541 (67.6%) males and 259 (32.4%) females in the age range of 17 to 20 years (M age 18.2 years, SD = 1.0). We performed multivariate analysis and found that better social
support, better personal mastery, normal sleep duration, no current tobacco use, and eating breakfast daily or almost daily were associated with happiness. The findings partially confirmed the association between happiness and several health behaviors mediated by social factors. Our findings
can be utilized in programs designed to improve overall well-being of university students in India.
The mediating effects of attribution styles on the relationship between overt-covert narcissism and forgiveness
Authors: Ra Young Sun , Cha Sung Yi , Hyun Myoung-Ho , Bae Sung Man
Published: July 2013

The aim in the current study was to investigate the causal relationships among the variables of covert-overt narcissism, causal attribution, responsibility attribution, and forgiveness based on the entailment model. Our aim was to differentiate between overt and covert narcissism in
terms of their relationship with forgiveness. First, our findings in this study demonstrated that only covert narcissism was associated with forgiveness, whereas there was no association between overt narcissism and forgiveness. Second, path analysis revealed that both causal attribution and
responsibility attribution mediated the relationship between covert narcissism and forgiveness, but this was not the case for overt narcissism. In addition, responsibility attributions mediated the relationship between causal attributions and forgiveness. Study implications are discussed.
Emotional labor strategy and job satisfaction: A Chinese perspective
Authors: Jiang Xuan , Jiang Zhou , Park Dong Soo
Published: July 2013

We examined the relationship between emotional labor strategy (ELS) and job satisfaction (JS), and the moderating effects of job characteristics on this relationship, based on data collected from 291 supermarket employees. Results showed that the 2 types of ELS, surface acting and deep
acting, were negatively and positively related to JS, respectively. In general, job characteristics were found to moderate the relationship between ELS and JS.
The effects of a food project on children's categorization skills
Authors: Aslan Durmuş
Published: July 2013

I conducted this study to investigate the effects of project-based education on children's categorization skills. I used an experimental design with the pre and posttest control group. Participants were 47 6-year-old children who attended a public preschool. Children in the experimental
group completed a "Food Project", which continued for 12 weeks. The children in the control group undertook the regular preschool program. Data about the children's categorization skills were obtained by using the Categorization Test. While there was no significant difference between the experimental
and control groups in the pretest, a significant difference was found in the posttest in favor of the experimental group.
Do collectivists conform more than individualists? Cross-cultural differences in compliance and internalization
Authors: Oh Se Hyung
Published: July 2013

Many previous researchers of conformity have found that people from collectivist cultures have stronger conformity tendencies than those from individualistic cultures. However, as most of these researchers focused on only 1 type of conformity, that is, compliance, these findings are
limited. Consequently, little is known about the influence of culture on internalization, another type of conformity. In a series of virtual laboratory (e-lab) experiments in which participants were either simply exposed to choice dilemmas and opinion items or presented with a persuasive argument
about each of them, I found that there was a lower level of cross-cultural differences in internalization than in compliance. Thus, only superficial cross-cultural differences may exist in conformity.
Effects of gender and sex-role orientation on sexual attitudes among Turkish university students
Authors: Sümer Zeynep Hatipoğlu
Published: July 2013

My purpose was to investigate the effects of gender and sex-role orientation on attitudes toward autoeroticism/masturbation, abortion, pornography, homosexuality, premarital sex, and sexual coercion among Turkish university students. Participants were 468 undergraduate students from
3 large urban universities in Ankara. The Turkish version of the Bem Sex-Role Inventory (BSRI; Bem, 1974) and the Sexual Knowledge and Attitude Test for Adolescents (SKAT-A; Fullard, Johnston, & Lief, 1998) were used to collect data. Results revealed no sex-role orientation effect on sexual
attitudes. Furthermore, no gender differences were observed in attitudes toward masturbation, homosexuality, and premarital sex. The attitude subscales on which meaningful gender differences were found were abortion, pornography, and sexual coercion. Findings are discussed with respect to
the role of Turkish culture in the development of attitudes toward sexuality.
Analysis of intrapopulation variability of bald cypress (Taxodium distichum L. Rich.) in a seed stand near Backa Palanka using morphometric markers
Authors: Popovic V. , Lucic A. , Sijacic-Nikolic Mirjana , Cirkovic-Mitrovic Tatjana , Rakonjac Ljubinko , Brasanac-Bosanac Ljiljana
Published: July 2013

In this paper are presented the results of an analysis of intrapopulation
variability using morphometric markers of 20 Bald cypress test trees
originating from seed stand S 01.10.01.01 near Backa Palanka. The
morphometric characters of cones (length, width and number of grains) and
seedlings (root collar diameter and height of seedling) that were produced by
this seed were analyzed. A mutual biological similarity or distance of mother
trees depending on the analyzed characters was tested. The determined values
of the dimensions of cones and seedlings indicate the good genetic and
adaptive potential of this species, which can be a starting point for the
mass production of Bald cypress seed and planting materials in Serbia.
Correlation of cognitive decline and behavioral changes in patients with presenile and senile onset Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Pavlovic D.M. , Pavlovic Aleksandra , Lackovic Maja
Published: July 2013

Alzheimer?s disease (AD), the most prevalent dementia, is characterized not
only by cognitive but also behavioral changes that pose the heaviest burden
to caregivers. Differences in the clinical picture depending on the time of
disease onset have been observed. We correlated cognitive and behavioral
deficits in patients with presenile- and senile-onset AD to explore the
differences. We tested 60 AD patients, 19 male and 41 female, mean age 65.2
years with the Dementia Behavior Disturbance Scale (DBD) and a standard
neuropsychological battery. The patients were divided according to their DBD
score into two groups: group I - score 0-2 (n=24; 40%), group II - score 3?
(n=36; 60%), comparable in disease duration and neurological findings. The
cognitive scores were significantly higher in the group with less behavioral
changes than in the group with more behavioral changes: Mini Mental State
Examination score (p=0.0015), serial subtraction (p=0.0009), block design
(p=0.0049), copy of complex figure (p=0.0125), complex visual organization
(p=0.0099), divided attention, visual memory and speech comprehension. A
significantly higher frequency of behavioral disturbances was registered in
patients with senile onset than in the presenile-onset group (p<0.005). There
were no sex differences. Our data show a correlation between cognitive
decline and behavioral changes in late onset AD patients, indicating that
more behavioral disturbances were associated with a more severe degree of
cognitive decline, especially in non-verbal functions and attention deficits,
compared to early onset patients.
Antiproliferative effects of Camellia sinensis, Frangula alnus and Rosmarinus officinalis
Authors: Cenic-Milosevic Desanka , Tambur Z. , Ivancajic S. , Bokonjic D. , Cukovic Anika , Stanojkovic Tatjana , Grozdanic Nadja , Kulisic Z. , Juranic Zorica
Published: July 2013

The use of medicinal plants is becoming increasingly appreciated in
suppressing cancer growth and cancer prevention. In this study the
antiproliferative effects of the water extracts of previously obtained
ethanolic dry extracts of three different medicinal plants (Camellia
sinensis, Frangula alnus from two different places and Rosmarinus
officinalis) using cell lines derived from human cervix adenocarcinoma (Hela
cells) were investigated. The extract of Camellia sinensis exhibited
significant cytotoxic effect against Hela cells (IC50 40.88 ?g/ml). Screening
in Hela cells revealed a moderate cytotoxic effect (IC50 80.26?g/ml) of the
extract of Rosmarinus officinalis, a mild cytotoxic effect (IC50 148.05
?g/ml) of the extract of Frangula alnus (originating in Bosnia), and the
extract of Frangula alnus (originating in Serbia) did not show active
cytotoxicity (IC50 > 200 ?g/ml). The best antiproliferative properties are
those of Camellia sinensis, followed by Rosmarinus officinalis, and the least
effective was Frangula alnus. As regards geographic origin, the Frangula
alnus from Bosnia possessed better antiproliferative effects than Frangula
alnus from Serbia.
Molds in museum environments: Biodeterioration of art photographs and wooden sculptures
Authors: Ljaljevic-Grbic Milica , Stupar M. , Vukojevic Jelena , Maricic Ivana , Bungur Natasa
Published: July 2013

Pieces of art stored in museum depots and display rooms are subject to fungal
colonization that leads to bio-deterioration processes. Deteriorated wooden
sculptures and art photographs temporarily stored in the quarantine room of
the Cultural Center of Belgrade were subject to mycological analyses. Twelve
fungal species were identified on the wooden substratum and five species were
detected on photograph surfaces. Trichoderma viride, Chaetomium globosum and
Alternaria sp. were the fungi with proven cellulolytic activity detected on
the examined cellulose substrata. Indoor air mycobiota were estimated to
210.09 ? 8.06 CFU m-3, and the conidia of fungus Aspergillus niger were the
dominant fungal propagules in the air of the examined room.
Spontaneous locomotor activity of drosophila subobscura under controlled laboratory conditions
Authors: Dimitrijevic Danica , Janac Branka , Andjelkovic M. , Savic Tatjana
Published: July 2013

The aim of this research was to examine the temporal patterns of spontaneous
locomotor activity in Drosophila subobscura virgin females and males from
isofemale lines collected from beech and oak forests and maintained in
controlled laboratory conditions for five full-sib inbreeding generations.
The flies were monitored in a circular open field arena for 30 min in the
morning (8:00 AM, 9:00 AM, 10:00 AM, 11:00 AM). The distance travelled and
the mobility of the flies decreased along with the registration time, whereby
the slowest decreasing was observed at 8:00 AM. Females showed a greater
range of variability in both parameters compared to males. In addition, there
was a greater range of variability in the locomotor activities of flies from
the oak forest compared to the beech. These findings could be attributed to
their specific genetic background.
Corruption and sex
Authors: Milutinovic-Bojanic Sanja
Published: July 2013

Taking into account the difference between the ancient and modern (even
postmodern) understandings of corruption, I am curious to explore why the
bond linking corruption and sex seems so obvious. I have no intention of
investigating both phenomena in the context of any moral category. What
then did Flaubert have on his mind when he wrote that Rodolphe ?treated Emma
quite sans fa?on. He made of her something supple and corrupt.? What
underpins the irresistible attraction between corruption and sex? Why is it
impossible to eradicate corruption and repress sex and perceive them as
solely functional strategies of generation and reproduction? This short
outline follows certain philosophical remarks of Luce Irigaray and her
thematization of the sexual difference in the demarcation of generation and
corruption.
Corruption, corporate character-formation and "value-strategy"
Authors: Fatic Aleksandar
Published: July 2013

While most discussions of corruption focus on administration, institutions,
the law and public policy, little attention in the debate about societal
reform is paid to the ?internalities? of anti-corruption efforts,
specifically to character-formation and issues of personal and corporate
integrity. While the word ?integrity? is frequently mentioned as the goal to
be achieved through institutional reforms, even in criminal prosecutions, the
specifically philosophical aspects of character-formation and the development
of corporate and individual virtues in a rational and systematic way tend to
be neglected. This paper focuses on the ?internalities? of anti-corruption
work with special emphasis on the pre-requisites that need to be ensured on
behalf of the social elites in order for proper individual and collective
character-formation to take place throughout the society. The author argues
that a systematic pursuit of socially recognized virtues, both those
pertaining to society as a whole and those specific to particular professions
and social groups, is the most comprehensive and strategically justified way
of pursuing anti-corruption policy, while institutional and penal policies
can only serve an auxiliary role. The pursuit of institutional and criminal
justice policies against corruption in a society that is subject to
increasing relativism with regard to values and morality is at best
ineffective, and at worst socially destructive. Thus the paper suggests a
re-examination of the social discourse on the level of what the author calls
?value strategy? and the gradual building of a plan to create and solidify
specifically designed features of ?corporate character? for key sectors of
the society. This approach can serve as the main long-term strategy to
improve the public profile of integrity and reinforce morality in both the
public and civil sectors.
Anti-corruption discourse and institutional change in Serbia: The money in Cyprus scandal
Authors: Zurnic Marija
Published: July 2013

This paper focuses on the scandal that occurred in 2001 during the intensive
investigation of the financial transfers from Serbia to Cyprus during the
1990s. The paper looks at the strategies employed by politicians,
practitioners and civil servants to achieve their political agendas. The
findings prove that most actors take one of the following positions. They
either share information about corruption scandals with the public in order
to gain legitimacy for anti-corruption action, or they coordinate their joint
response and avoid talking about the scandals in order to reduce political
costs.
Hegel und die Opferung der Philosophie: Dialektik der Ästhetik und Politik
Authors: Jovanov Rastko
Published: July 2013

Dem Aufsatz liegen folgende Fragen zugrunde: Ist es gerechtfertigt, vom Erbe
der tragischen Darstellung des Kampfes im Hegelschen Begriff der Philosophie
und insbesondere in seiner Konzeption der Dialektik als Bewegung und
Geschichtlichkeit des absoluten Geistes zu sprechen? Hat der
Vers?hnungsbegriff Hegels, der am konkretesten innerhalb des philosophischen
Gedankens ausgef?hrt wird, bestimmte Folgen auch f?r den Begriff der
Philosophie selber? Opfert sich die Philosophie einer endlichen ?u?erlichkeit
oder bedarf sie selbst eines Opfers, um das philosophische System als solches
zu vervollst?ndigen? Kann man auch heutzutage die geschichtlich-politischen
Ereignisse und die Vergehen des Rechts als tragisch darstellen und
betrachten? Vermag es die Politik noch immer (wie in der Moderne), die Rolle
des Schicksals in der griechischen Trag?die zu ?bernehmen? Auf solche Fragen
werden hier keine endg?ltigen Antworten gegeben, es wird vielmehr der Rahmen
f?r weitere Betrachtungen bereitgestellt - innerhalb oder au?erhalb der
Philosophie Hegels.
Private is (not) public: About Antigone’s mourning voice and its echo in Hegel and Kierkegaard
Authors: Stevanovic Lada
Published: July 2013

This paper presents a rereading of the interpretations of Antigone by Hegel
and Kierkegaard on the grounds of research of Sophocles? text and its
performance in Athenian theatre in the context of socio-political climate of
the fifth century Athens. Focus is placed on the political aspect of theatre,
as well as on the figure of Antigone, her voice and her action, which is the
subject recognized by Hegel. However, what this interpretation lacks is the
notion that Antigone is political and not pre-political figure. This
political aspect reveals itself within the research of ancient Greek
lamentation and funeral ritual as an exclusively female practice in ancient
Greek tradition, which was subjected to regulations and control in particular
by the law of Solo (6th ct. BC). However, new political organization was not
based on family relation and aristocratic clans, as before, but exclusively
on political bodies. So, for example the vendetta, which was formulated by
women during the lamentation, was banned by law. Still, in spite of many laws
and regulations by the state, and later on (in the Byzantine period) the
church, women in Greece succeeded in keeping their important position in all
the practices around the dead, almost until the end of the XX century. So, we
see the example of traditional practice that functions on the margins of the
society endangering and controlling its official political structure in
pre-modern societies. What are the echoes of the political figure of
Antigone, as a woman in charge of the family funeral duties, in the text of
Hegel and in the text of Kierkegaard. Where is her voice? And does she act
politically or privately?
Humanism: A tradition common to both Islam and Europe
Authors: Daiber Hans
Published: July 2013

The growing interest of the Arabs in Arabic translations from Greek since the
8th century has been interpreted as a sign of humanism in Islam. This is
comparable to humanists in Europe who, since the 14th century, considered the
Greek and Latin literature the foundation of spiritual and moral education.
We will have to address the question of whether a similar ideal of education
has been developed in harmony with religion in the Islamic cultural sphere.
The perceived tension between the humanists of antiquity and Christianity has
a parallel in the tensions between Islamic religiosity and a rational Islamic
worldview. However, there are past and present approaches to developing an
educational ideal, which is comparable to the European concept of a moral
shaping of the individual. The Qur??n and Islamic tradition do not impede the
free development of personality and creative responsibility if their
historicity is taken into account and if they are not elevated to an
unreflected norm.
Religion and tolerance: Thematization of the relationship in the age of enlightenment
Authors: Krstic Predrag
Published: July 2013

This paper presents the two competing models of Enlightenment tolerance and
testing their status and scope. In the first part of the paper the author
points out the limits of moderate Enlightenment?s ?religious tolerance? as
represented by Locke and Voltaire. That notion of tolerance to this day
dominates in public and academic discourse. The second part of the paper,
through figures of Spinoza, Bayle and Diderot, presents the radical
Enlightenment?s concept of ?universal? or ?philosophical? tolerance. The
conclusion is that, despite its theoretical superiority, the prospects of
social implementation of the latter, fortunately or not, are still no bigger
than they were in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.
Reflections on social and religious pluralism based on the philosophy of Ernst Cassirer
Authors: Volk Drazen
Published: July 2013

The analysis of possibilities of dialogue as the prerequisite for social and
religious pluralism based on Ernst Cassirer?s philosophy of symbolic forms is
the main theme of this article. In the central section, the basic elements of
the philosophy of symbolic forms are briefly introduced and are followed by a
portrayal of the relationship between consciousness, symbolic forms and
freedom. The essay then focuses on Cassirer?s general premises for his
analysis of myth and also his description of the techniques of modern
political myths. These elements of Cassirer?s philosophy are put forth so as
to demonstrate the relevancy of his thought with regard to the issue of
dialogue and pluralism, and also to indicate the applicability of his
analysis concerning the presence of mythical consciousness in modern
societies, including also the societies on the territory of the former
Yugoslavia. The conclusion endeavors to gather the wealth of Cassirer?s
analyses and to apply these in a condensed manner to an analysis of the
situation in the regions indicated and also to point out directions to be
taken in the search for possible solutions.
Der Begriff des Anderen im Orthodoxen Christentum als integrierender Faktor für ein Zusammenleben im ehemaligen Jugoslawien
Authors: Jablanov-Maksimovic Jelena
Published: July 2013

Die vorliegende Arbeit besch?ftigt sich mit dem Begriff des
Anderen/N?chsten/Bruders im Orthodoxen Christentum sowie im Rahmen von
verschiedenen aktuellen gesellschaftlichen und politischen Diskursen, wie
z. B. zwischenmenschliche Beziehungen, interreligi?ser Dialog oder der
Dialog ?ber die Vergangenheit in die Post-Konflikt-Periode auf dem Balkan.
Die ?berlegungen der Autorin basieren dabei auf einer Er?rterung des
Ph?nomens von Nicht-Akzeptanz des Anderen und des Andersartigen bzw. auf
einer Analyse der Angst vor dem Anderen/Andersartigen und des Hasses ihm
gegen?ber. Von solchen negativen Einstellungen und Gef?hlen sind im
betreffenden Zusammenhang nicht nur Menschen als Einzelne betroffen,
sondern auch ganze ethnische Gruppen und Nationen. Als einer der
Schl?sselfaktoren bei der Beziehung zum Anderen, bei einem friedlichen
Miteinander mit ihm und sogar bei dem Vers?hnungsprozess im ehemaligen
Jugoslawien wird dabei der Dialog verstanden und seine Bedeutung in dieser
Rolle hervorgehoben. Er?rtert wird au?erdem die unterst?tzende Rolle, welche
das orthodoxe Christentum bei der Entwicklung eines friedlichen
Miteinanders sowie bei der Friedenserhaltung heute potenziell spielen
k?nnte.
Perversion and method. Zizek’s "platonic love" for film, dialectics of exemplification and the catastrophe of psychoanalysis in the cinematic discourse of philosophy
Authors: Mikulic Borislav
Published: July 2013

The article discusses the relation between the paradigmatic status of film
and use of film analogies in the psychoanalytic discourse on society and
culture by Slavoj Zizek, which represents the very ground of his
philosophical discourse in general. In the first part, starting with a recent
discussion by different English and American scholars on controversial
aspects of Slavoj Zizek?s activity in academia and on a broader public scene,
the paper discusses on some parallel examples and inherent motivators of the
form-content controversy in philosophy and pop-culture as well as Zizek?s
interpretation of his position. In the second part, the article discusses
Zizek?s sporadic meta-reflection on exemplification and provides arguments
for the thesis that, in Zizek, on the ground of his ontology of the virtual,
one encounters a double conception of ?inherence? (paradigmatic and
analogical) between instance and principle, its consequence is a shift in the
use of film examples from analogy of objects to analogy of analyses, which
invents a typical conflict between the metonymic and metaphorical evasion of
discourse. On this background, the article reexamines the general contention
against Zizek of a ?virtual totalitarianism? without contingency of meaning
and sense, and points to the position of the subject without discourse as
another ground for the condition of analysis of truth. In the third part, the
paper analyses and evaluates Zizek?s own understanding of his cinematographic
illustrations and his peculiar, performing and self-referential, method of
resolving the epistemological problem of film interpretation through
imaginary identification or ?empathy? with film objects. In the fourth part,
the paper discusses the apparent asymmetry between Zizek?s application of
psychoanalytic doctrines onto film criticism, on one side, and, on the other,
his little elaborated apotheosis of so-called ?cinematic materialism?. It is
argued that this asymmetry ultimately causes what Zizek rejects in principle:
a substitution of materialism and contingency of truth-search for a holism of
sense. Consequently this seems to turn the psychoanalytic discourse on
cinematography into a hermeneutic one.
The „Pussy riot“ case and the post-secular hybrids
Authors: Uzlaner Dmitrij
Published: July 2013

The article is devoted to the analysis of the ?Pussy riot? case and the
peculiarities of Russian postsecularism. Special emphasis is placed on the
phenomenon of post-secular hybrids, i.e. the overcoming of the situation of
social differentiation between religion and other social subsystems (one of
the main distinctive features of secularization). It is claimed that the
materials of the trial against ?Pussy riot? make evident the appearance in
Russia of at least three post-secular hybrids: 1) the blending of religion
and politics; 2) installation of religious norms into the public order of the
secular state; 3) significance of confessional legal experts as part of the
new ?ideological state apparatus?.
Possibilities for recovery and prospects of the Serbian chemical industry in the light of sustainable development
Authors: Djukic Petar
Published: July 2013

There are numerous dilemmas related to the meaning of common terms associated
with modern economic sectors, and especially the ones concerning industry.
Chemical industry is a typical example of a term which changes rapidly and
qualitatively, exactly with the pace of changing of the very technology based
on knowledge, procedure, processes, raw materials, energy, as well as on the
products themselves and on the way of their use. Numerous difficulties caused
by huge changes in global market, by transition of command economies towards
market system, as well as by the latest global economic-financial crisis,
have brought the chemical industry in modern Serbia to an unenviable
position. We cannot generally claim that chemical industry is collapsing, but
the recovery of the whole chemical industry, as well as of the industry in
general, necessitates many favourable presumptions from the environment, as
well as strategic, systemic and operative measures, of the state within the
so-called industry policy, as well as of the very companies which deal with
chemical industry. The re-industrialization strategy, adopted officially
during the first crisis blow, but to the full extent only during the
prolonged crisis period in Serbia (2009-2013) should not be based on direct
state incentives, but above all on the institutional infrastructure and
business environment improvement which will lead to the investments in
technological reconstruction and re-organization of the entire sector.
However, chemical industry cannot be observed as a chance for economic growth
per se, nor it can lead to higher employment rate in such a short period of
time, but above all to productive use of profession, or of growth potential
based on knowledge factor. This is why a proper evolution and prosperity of
the Serbian chemical industry can be comprehended, not only through
contribution of one separate sector, but as complementary and useful
technologies within many other industries such as food, construction, energy,
and many others, from the medium technologies domain, as well as those from
the high technologies domain, such as bio-medical, pharmaceutical or cosmetic
technologies. In such manner, the participation of chemical industry in the
re-industrialisation of Serbia should not be observed only as a contribution
to the recovery of industry, but as a factor of sustainable development in
all its components, economic, social and ecological.
Sulphuric acid leaching of low/medium grade managanese ores using a novel nitrogeneous reductant-NH3NH2HSO4
Authors: Hariprasad D. , Mohapatra M. , Anand S.
Published: July 2013

Low and medium grade land as well sea based manganese ores were used for
manganese extraction in H2SO4 - NH3NH2HSO4 (hydrazine sulphate) medium For
land based Mn ores, only Mn recovery is important but for sea nodules which
contain substantial amounts Co, Ni, and Cu, their recovery is equally
important. In the present studies four samples used were: Indian ocean
manganese nodules, medium and low grade Mn ores of Gujarat, and low grade Mn
ore of Orissa, India. The Mn content of these ores varied from 15 to 39%. The
objective of this work is to establish a reductant which can be used for
leaching Mn from all types of ores. The optimum conditions established for
nodules by varying parameters such as time, temperature, pulp density, H2SO4
and NH3NH2HSO4 concentrations were: pulp density 10%, time 0.5h, temperature
110?C, NH3NH2HSO4 3.25 g/10g, H2SO4 2.0% (v/v) for 96.9% Mn, 85.25% Cu,
92.58% Ni and 76.5% Co extractions. More than 92% Mn could be leached from
different types of ores by varying amount of reductant and acid concentration
at 35?C. Depending on Mn content 1.0 to 1.2 times stochiometric amount of
reductant and 1.5 to 1.8 times sulphuric acid were required for >92% Mn
extraction.
Migration transition in Serbia: demographic perspective
Authors: Nikitovic Vladimir
Published: July 2013

From the demographic point of view, the future of Serbia's population is
relatively certain at least in the next three to four decades. However, the
decreasing and ageing of the population are considered to be very certain
processes in the much longer term. Although replacement fertility is an
essential condition for long-term survival of any population, it is shown
that only an immigration impulse could enable desired effects of the
potential fertility recovery in Serbia in the longer perspective. Such a
migration transition (from net emigration to net immigration) would
inevitably lead to increased socio-cultural diversity and require the
development of integration strategies. If successful, policies to stimulate
an increase in net migration provide an almost instant result. Apart from old
immigration countries from Western Europe, this was the case with new
immigration destinations located in Mediteranean and Central Europe,
including some former socialist countries. When evaluating the future trend
of international migration balance of Serbia, the experiences of the latter
countries is used. The population dynamics model created for the purpose of
the paper is based upon the probabilistic concept of projecting vital
components. The main conclusion is that there is no demographic alternative
to the migration transition in Serbia when it comes to sustainability of the
social security systems in the coming decades, but the realization of such a
scenario is still not clear from today's perspective, given the existing
limitations of the socio-economic nature.
International migration in Serbia: Facts and policies
Authors: Bobic Mirjana , Babovic Marija
Published: July 2013

In the absence of comprehensive, systematic and precize data on international
migration in Serbia, and consequently the analysis of migration trends, their
drivers and outcomes, the objective of this paper is to offer the review of
contemporary migration flows in Serbia. International migration flows are
observed in the context of semi-peripheral position of Serbia in the global
system, and hindered transformation and development. Migrations are analyzed
at the macro level, according to the key dimensions, such as the intensity,
directions of flows and characteristics of migrants. The analysis is grounded
in the basic classification to outward and inward migration flows (emigration
and immigration), including some that include both aspects as they are
transit migrations from underdeveloped to developed countries through the
territory of Serbia. Within this basic division, migration flows are analyzed
separately depending on their legal status as defined by present
international and national normative frameworks, as well as by motivation for
migration. In addition to the analysis of main migratory trends, the
attention is focused to the actual migration management policies.
Socio-economic aspects of commuting
Authors: Lukic Vesna
Published: July 2013

This paper contemplates on relevant socio-economic factors which have
influence on variability of the scope and directions of commuting flows, with
special emphasis on situation in Serbia. Due to the need for balance between
work and family life, this specific form of population?s mobility often
represents alternative for migration. It also has numerous implications on
both commuters and their households, places of residence and work and society
in general. Effects of sex, marital status, education, occupation, size and
structure of a household, as well as local community onto participation in
commuting and time/distance of traveling to work have been discussed. The
results revealed that, apart from economic factors, non-economic ones also
have important role in commuting.
Contemporary labour migration in European context: Economic and political aspects
Authors: Poleti Dunja
Published: July 2013

Today, migratory movements are very important demographic and social
phenomenon. If we take into account the empirical evidence of increasing
immigration volume and rates, the theoretical and research interest in this
topic becomes understandable. This article will focus on labour migration, as
it seems that a wide number of spatial movements are driven by economic
motives. The aim of this paper is to examine the most important theoretical
approaches, with special overview of Massey?s synthesis, and to point out the
lack of emphasis on political and legal dimensions in the migration
processes.
Long-Term Complications and Mortality in Young-Onset Diabetes
Authors: Constantino Maria I. , Molyneaux Lynda , Limacher-Gisler Franziska , Al-Saeed Abdulghani , Luo Connie , Wu Ted , Twigg Stephen M. , Yue Dennis K. , Wong Jencia
Published: July 2013

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate long-term clinical outcomes and survival in young-onset type 2 diabetes (T2DM) compared with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) with a similar age of onset.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Records from the Royal Prince Alfred Hospital Diabetes Clinical Database, established in 1986, were matched with the Australian National Death Index to establish mortality outcomes for all subjects until June 2011. Clinical and mortality outcomes in 354 patients with T2DM, age of onset between 15 and 30 years (T2DM15–30), were compared with T1DM in several ways but primarily with 470 patients with T1DM with a similar age of onset (T1DM15–30) to minimize the confounding effect of age on outcome.

RESULTS

For a median observation period of 21.4 (interquartile range 14–30.7) and 23.4 (15.7–32.4) years for the T2DM and T1DM cohorts, respectively, 71 of 824 patients (8.6%) died. A significant mortality excess was noted in T2DM15–30 (11 vs. 6.8%, P = 0.03), with an increased hazard for death (hazard ratio 2.0 [95% CI 1.2–3.2], P = 0.003). Death for T2DM15–30 occurred after a significantly shorter disease duration (26.9 [18.1–36.0] vs. 36.5 [24.4–45.4] years, P = 0.01) and at a relatively young age. There were more cardiovascular deaths in T2DM15–30 (50 vs. 30%, P < 0.05). Despite equivalent glycemic control and shorter disease duration, the prevalence of albuminuria and less favorable cardiovascular risk factors were greater in the T2DM15–30 cohort, even soon after diabetes onset. Neuropathy scores and macrovascular complications were also increased in T2DM15–30 (P < 0.0001).

CONCLUSIONS

Young-onset T2DM is the more lethal phenotype of diabetes and is associated with a greater mortality, more diabetes complications, and unfavorable cardiovascular disease risk factors when compared with T1DM.
Albuminuria According to Status of Autoimmunity and Insulin Sensitivity Among Youth With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Mottl Amy K. , Lauer Abigail , Dabelea Dana , Maahs David M. , D’Agostino Ralph B. , Dolan Larry M. , Gilliam Lisa K. , Lawrence Jean M. , Rodriguez Beatriz , Marcovina Santica M. , Imperatore Giuseppina , Kanakatti Shankar Roopa , Afkarian Maryam , Reynolds Kristi , Liese Angela D. , Mauer Michael , Mayer-Davis Elizabeth J. ,   for the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study Group
Published: July 2013

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate whether etiologic diabetes type is associated with the degree of albuminuria in children with diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

SEARCH is an observational, longitudinal study of children with diabetes. Youth with newly diagnosed diabetes were classified according to diabetes autoantibody (DAA) status and presence of insulin resistance. We defined insulin resistance as an insulin sensitivity score <25th percentile for the United States general youth population. DAA status was based on positivity for the 65-kD isoform of glutamate decarboxylase and insulinoma-associated protein 2 antigens. The four etiologic diabetes type groups were as follows: DAA+/insulin-sensitive (IS) (n = 1,351); DAA+/insulin-resistant (IR) (n = 438); DAA−/IR (n = 379); and DAA−/IS (n = 233). Urinary albumin:creatinine ratio (UACR) was measured from a random urine specimen. Multivariable regression analyses assessed the independent relationship between the four diabetes type groups and magnitude of UACR.

RESULTS

Adjusted UACR means across the four groups were as follows: DAA+/IS = 154 μg/mg; DAA+/IR = 137 μg/mg; DAA−/IR = 257 μg/mg; and DAA−/IS = 131 μg/mg (P < 0.005). Only DAA−/IR was significantly different. We performed post hoc multivariable regression analysis restricted to the two IR groups to explore the contribution of DAA status and insulin sensitivity (continuous) to the difference in UACR between the IR groups. Only insulin sensitivity was significantly associated with UACR (β = −0.54; P < 0.0001).

CONCLUSIONS

In youth with diabetes, the DAA−/IR group had a greater UACR than all other groups, possibly because of the greater magnitude of insulin resistance. Further exploration of the relationships between severity of insulin resistance, autoimmunity, and albuminuria in youth with diabetes is warranted.
Aile hekimliği disiplininde akademik yükselmeler ve doçentlik sınavları
Authors: Ünlüoğlu Ilhami
Published: July 2013

Türkiye’de aile hekimliği uzmanlığı 1983 yılında Tababet Uzmanlık Tüzüğü’nde yer almış ve ilk uzmanlık eğitimi 1985 yılında başlamıştır. 1993 yılında Yüksek Öğretim Kurulu’nun üniversitelerde dahili tıp bilimleri bölümlerine bağlı olarak aile hekimliği anabilim dallarının kurulması ile ilgili kararı disiplinin akademik gelişiminde önemli bir kilometre taşı oldu. İlk anabilim dalının kuruluşunu, üniversitelerde uzmanlık eğitiminin başlaması ve akademik kadrolara atanmalar izledi. Doçentlik sınavlarında ilk başarılı sonuç 1996 yılında alındı. Disiplinin akademik kadrosu her yıl gelişerek güçlendi. Akademik kadronun gelişim sürecinde, jürilerin oluşumunda standardizasyon olmaması bu sınavların önemli sorunlarından biri idi. Yıllar içinde disiplinin akademik kadrosunun sayıca artarak ve yükselerek gelişmesi bu sorunun çözümünde büyük rol oynadı. 01.06.2013 tarihi itibarı ile disiplinde doçent sayısı 92’ye ulaşırken; bu doçentlerin 20’si profesörlüğe atanmışlardır. Doçentlik unvanı nı kazananların çoğunluğu üniversitelerden (%79.4) olup; bu grubu Eğitim ve araştırma hastanelerinde çalışanlar (%13.0) ve birinci basamakta çalışanlar (%7.6) izlemektedir. Disiplinde doçent unvanı alan 92 akademisyenin 43’ü (%46.7) kadındır.
The Effect of Grade Placement on English Language Learners’ Academic Achievement
Authors: Conger Dylan
Published: July 2013

Many English Language Learners (ELLs) migrate to the United States at older ages and administrators must choose a grade in which to place these new entrants as soon as they register for school. In this study, I estimate the effect of grade placement on the short-term academic performance of ELLs who enroll in the Miami-Dade County Public School system between the ages of 7 and 12 using a district policy that determines grade placement decisions for newcomers by their birthdate relative to September 1. The results suggest some benefits to being placed in the lower of the two grades for students’ achievement in mathematics, but no signs of benefits on other academic outcomes, including reading achievement, grade promotion, and exit from ELL status.
Fiction
Authors: Craig  , Van Herk Aritha
Published: July 2013

Reviews of fiction published in Canada in 1991.
Theatre
Authors: McEwen Barbara
Published: July 2013

Reviews of French-Canadian books on theatre published in 1992.
Humanities
Authors: Harvey Elizabeth , Fekete John , Gingell Susan
Published: July 2013

Reviews of books on the humanities published in Canada in 1992.
Poetry
Authors: Tregebov Rhea
Published: July 2013

Reviews of poetry published in Canada in 1992.
Dynamic somatosensory evoked potentials to determine electrophysiological effects on the spinal cord during cervical spine extension
Authors: Morishita Yuichiro , Maeda Takeshi , Ueta Takayoshi , Naito Masatoshi , Shiba Keiichiro
Published: July 2013

Object

The goal of this prospective study was to investigate somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) during dynamic motion of the cervical spine and to evaluate the efficacy of analyzing dynamic SSEPs for predicting dynamic effects on the spinal cord in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM).

Methods

In total, 40 human subjects (20 CSM patients and 20 healthy volunteers as a control group) were examined prospectively using dynamic SSEPs with median nerve stimulation. The CSM patients showed cervical myelopathy due to cervical cord compression at the C4–5 segment. The SSEPs were examined with the cervical spine in a neutral position and at a 20° extension for 10 and 20 minutes. Changes in the N20 latency and amplitude were determined and analyzed. The authors defined the changes in the N20 latency and N20 amplitude between the neutral and extension positions of the cervical spine as percent latency and amplitude, respectively.

Results

In the CSM patients, SSEPs tended to deteriorate after cervical spine extension, and a statistically significant deterioration of the N20 amplitude after the extension was observed. Moreover, the percent latency and amplitude progressively increased during cervical spine extension in these patients. In the healthy controls, SSEPs tended to deteriorate with cervical spine extension, but these changes did not result in statistically significant differences. Moreover, in this group the percent latency and amplitude were almost identical during the extension. When the CSM patients and the healthy controls were compared, a significant difference in the percent amplitude was observed between the 2 groups during the cervical spine extension.

Conclusions

This study suggests the potential of dynamic SSEPs as a useful neurophysiological technique to detect the effect of dynamic factors on the pathogenesis of CSM.
Isolated tumorous Langerhans cell histiocytosis of the brainstem: a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge
Authors: Savardekar Amey , Tripathi Manjul , Bansal Deepak , Vaiphei Kim , Gupta Sunil K.
Published: July 2013

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) of the CNS is a rare entity, known to involve primarily the hypothalamicpituitary region, with the clinical hallmark of diabetes insipidus. There have been a few reports of CNS LCH involving the brainstem as intraparenchymal enhancing lesions, but this has never been the presenting complaint of LCH. The authors report on a 7-year-old boy who presented with right cerebellopontine syndrome, in whom a well-defined, solid, enhancing lesion in the brainstem was diagnosed. Clinicoradiological differential diagnosis included glioma and tuberculosis. Biopsy revealed atypical histiocytes positive for CD68, CD1a, and S100 protein; these are the diagnostic features of LCH on histopathological examination. The rapid growth of the lesion was controlled with a chemotherapeutic regimen of cladribine.