bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A scoping review of qualitative studies on sexual and reproductive health and rights in Uganda: Exploring factors at multiple levels
Authors: Auma Anna Grace
Published: September 2024

**Background:** Uganda is burdened by high unintended and teen pregnancies, high sexually transmitted infections, and harm caused by unsafe abortion.

**Objectives:** Explore factors influencing sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) in Uganda by synthesizing evidence from qualitative studies using a scoping review.

**Eligibility criteria:** Original qualitative peer-reviewed research studies published between 2002 and 2023 in any language exploring factors influencing SRHR in Uganda.

**Sources of evidence:** Eight databases searched using qualitative/mixed methods search filters and no language limits.

**Charting methods:** Information extracted included author, article title, publication year, study aims, participant description, data collection type, sample size, main findings, factors at the individual, interpersonal, community, and policy levels, implications for SRHR in Uganda, and study limitations. Quality of the selected articles was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool.

**Results:** One hundred and seventy-three studies met inclusion criteria. At the individual level, knowledge and attitudes towards SRHR, risky sexual behavior, and access to maternal SRHR services were identified as critical factors influencing health outcomes. Interpersonal factors included communication with sexual partners and relationships with family, school, and community members. Healthcare organization factors included adolescent access to education, SRHR services, and HIV prevention. Cultural and social factors included gendered norms and male involvement in SRHR. Policy-level factors included the importance of aligning policy and practice.

**Conclusions:** Multiple factors at individual, interpersonal, community, healthcare, cultural and policy levels were found to influence SRHR in Uganda. The findings suggest that interventions targeting multiple levels of the socio-ecological system may be necessary to improve SRHR outcomes. This review highlights the need for a holistic approach that considers the broader socio-ecological context. Reducing identified gaps in the literature, particularly between policy and practice related to SRHR, is urgently needed in Uganda. We hope this review will inform the development of policies and interventions to improve SRHR outcomes.

**Keywords:** Reproductive health; sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR); qualitative research; scoping review; Uganda
Subjective Factors in Orthodontic Treatment, Q-Methodology as a Tool to the Assessment of Motivation, Compliance and Satisfaction in Orthodontic Treatment: Quaestiones Morales et Ethical Communications (ex lat)
Authors: Peeva Yulia Bogdanova
Published: September 2024

Introduction: One of the essential factors for evaluating the successful orthodontic treatment is a patient’s satisfaction. The orthodontist can apply very high clinical performance of the tasks set at the beginning, but they do not always coincide with the patient's requests due to the lack of objective assessment. The Q-methodology offers an innovative and qualitative approach that combines the compatibility of many subjective factors and meets the patient's requirements. The research is sociological, specific problems can be explored in depth and fulfil the patient’s expectations. It works with a small number of respondents, and most importantly, it emphasizes the patient-centered approach. The aim of the present study using Q-methodology was to evaluate the subjective factors in orthodontic treatment and to achieve the best outcomes. Materials and Methods: Data analysis and statistical processing included Factor Analysis, PQ Method 2.35 with PQROT 2.0. 280 children aged 13 to 18 and 325 parents aged 35 to 55 were studied. The average age for the children was 16.67±2.17, and for the parents 42.18 ± 3.17. An interview (the pilot study) was conducted with 40 respondents, on the basis of which 30 evaluation opinions were formed using the Q-methodology. The studied factors that support children's motivation during orthodontic treatment are compliance and satisfaction as a result. Results and Discussions: Three factors are summarized for children - the most important is "aesthetics"; four are the factors for parents "prevention of future oral problems" was rated highest by them. Conclusions: The Q-methodology shares the views of the quantum theory as well, that communicability exists in different probabilistic states. This determines the possibility of subjective factors "to be counted", i.e. to give an objective assessment as a result of subjective factors.
How to Teach Students What Constitutes Scientific Evidence
Authors: Affognon Don
Published: September 2024

What sets credible scientific claims apart from pervasive misperceptions and are there effective strategies for teaching college students to evaluate popular accounts of scientific evidence? The Next Generation Sciences Standards (NGSS) suggest that although the practices for developing credible scientific evidence vary across disciplines, there are common features. These include a commitment to using evidence as the basis for developing claims, gathering evidence to accept or reject student ideas about the causes of certain effects, and relying only on evidence to draw theoretical conclusions. Yet the NGSS do not clearly specify what counts as credible or reliable evidence. I defend the view that while there are no shortages of strategies for teaching evidence evaluation, the effective ones share two features: (i) they reflect how students generally interact with evidence, and (ii) they bridge the gaps between expert and nonexpert evidentiary practices.
AVALIAÇÃO DO RENDIMENTO DE DNA GENÔMICO OBTIDO DE AMOSTRAS FIXADAS EM FORMALINA E EMBEBIDAS EM PARAFINA E DE LÂMINAS HISTOLÓGICAS E CITOLÓGICAS RASPADAS DE PACIENTES COM ADENOCARCINOMA DE PULMÃO
Authors: Faria CS , Mangone FRR , Agati MEM , Pavanelli AC , Nagai MA , Kulikowski LD , Figueiredo VR , Antonangelo L
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Nosso objetivo é avaliar o rendimento de ácido desoxirribonucleico genômico (gDNA) de amostras de tumor primário (TP) e linfonodos mediastinais aspirados extraídos de material parafinado e de raspado de lâminas histológicas/citológicas. Método: O gDNA de 156 amostras obtidas de ressecção tumoral ou biópsias endobrônquicas/ transbrônquicas (n = 81) e LM obtidos por EBUS-TBNA (n = 75) entre 2011 e 2019 foram extraídos com o kit GeneRead® DNA FFPE (Qiagen, Hilden, Alemanha). Dessas amostras, 61 eram de material parafinado e 95 de raspado de lâminas histológicas/ citológicas. Conclusão: A obtenção de gDNA a partir de amostras FFEP e escassas é um processo árduo, principalmente naquelas com baixa celularidade, arquivadas por mais de cinco anos, conforme utilizado neste estudo. Observamos uma melhora no rendimento de gDNA das lâminas histológicas e citológicas em relação às amostras FFEP. O uso de amostras obtidas a partir de raspado de lâminas mostrou-se uma alternativa eficiente para melhora do rendimento de gDNA para aplicação em testes genômicos. Referências: 1. Travis WD, Brambilla E, Noguchi M et al. International association for the study of lung cancer/american thoracic society/european respiratory society international multidisciplinary classification of lung adenocarcinoma. J Thorac Oncol. 2011; 6(2): 244-85. 2. Figueiredo VR, Cardoso PF, Jacomelli M, et al. Endobronchial ultrasound-guiged transbronchial needle aspiration for lung cancer staging: early experience in Brazil. J Bras Pneumol. 2015; 41(1): 23-30. 3. Donczo B, Guttman A. Biomedical analysis of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples: the holy grail for molecular diagnostics. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2018; 155: 125-34. 4. Sarnecka AK, Nawrat D, Piwowar M, Ligeza J, Swadzba J, Wójcik P. DNA extraction from FFPE tissue samples – a comparison of three procedures. Contemp Oncol (Pozn). 2019; 23(1): 52-8.
AVALIAÇÃO DE CONTAMINAÇÃO MATERNA EM PRODUTO DE ABORTO
Authors: Watanabe MJ , Borri D , Alonso EO , Kishimoto RK , Santos MFM , Centurião NF , Torres MA , Velloso EDRP
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Cariótipo em material de aborto é importante, dado que anormalidades cromossômicas são causas frequentes de perda fetal no primeiro trimestre. Entretanto, cariótipo feminino sem anormalidades pode ser decorrente da análise de células maternas. Este trabalho visa entender o perfil de contaminação materna (CM) realizado pela técnica de polymerase chain reaction-short tanden repeats (PCR-STR), em material de aborto encaminhado para estudo de cariótipo. Método: O estudo cariotípico de amostras de produto de aborto foi realizado por técnica padronizada (bandamento G) e realizado após cultura de 48 h (cultura A), 72 h (cultura B) e de longo prazo (cultura F) de material selecionado (preferencialmente vilo). A pesquisa da CM foi realizada pela análise do perfil de 24 microssatélites no material genético da mãe [ácido desoxirribonucleico (DNA) de sangue periférico] e do material de aborto (DNA da cultura analisada), amplificados utilizando o kit globalfiler®. Os alelos foram identificados por corrida eletroforética no sequenciador ABI 3500 (applied biosystems). Os resultados foram analisados e o percentual de CM definido pelo software chimermarker v.3.1.5 (softgenetics). Conclusão: No período de junho de 2021 a março de 2022, 54 amostras com cariótipo 46,XX foram submetidas à técnica de PCR-STR para estudo de CM. Destas, 78% apresentaram CM, sendo 63% com 100% de CM (9% cultura A, 9% cultura B e 82% cultura F). Das amostras com ausência de CM, 85% foram de cultura A; 15%, de cultura B; e nenhuma, de cultura F. Em contrapartida, três amostras da cultura A apresentaram 100% CM. Concluímos a importância da avaliação de CM por PCR-STR em amostras cariotipadas como 46,XX, principalmente em células de curto cultivo (inferior a 72 h), nas quais existe importante heterogeneidade em relação a CM, impactando no resultado liberado. Já para o cultivo de longa duração, a técnica não trouxe benefícios, uma vez que todas apresentaram CM.
INFLUENCE OF GAS FORMERS ON TECHNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF A COMPOSITE MATERIAL MADE OF TUFF WASTES BY MICROWAVE SYNTHESIS
Authors: Martirosyan A.V. , Gurgenyan N.V․
Published: September 2024

Pollution of territories with waste from mining and stone processing of rocks is one of the pressing environmental problems of Republic of Armenia. On the relatively small territory of Armenia, during the extraction and processing of stone, almost half of the raw materials go into dumps in the form of substandard raw materials, occupying huge territories suitable for agriculture. Therefore, the issue of recycling anthropogenic waste is posed quite harshly. To obtain thermal insulation material, in this work we used industrial tuff waste, corrective additives, gas formers and combined liquid glass as a binder.
The purpose of this work is to develop new composite thermal insulation materials based on aluminosilicate rock waste, in particular tuffs and various gas-forming agents (aluminum powder, hydrogen peroxide, coal, sodium bicarbonate) by the microwave synthesis method, the properties of which will meet the requirements of GOST 16381-77 Thermal insulating building materials and products.
Instead of the traditional energy-intensive high-temperature and long-term process of heat treatment of materials, the microwave synthesis method is used.
A differential thermal analysis (DTA) of the rock is carried out to select heat treatment modes using a Hungarian device from the MOM, Q-1500 system. In the process of synthesis of heat-insulating materials, optimal compositions and heat treatment modes have been developed depending on the type of gas-forming agent. Microwave processing of samples is carried out in the power range of 90-1200 W in an LG MH8265DIS/01 microwave oven. The process of foaming the charge has been studied depending on the blowing agent used. The main physical and technical properties of materials, such as average density, compressive strength and thermal conductivity, have been determined. The compressive strength of the samples is determined using a ZD10-90 press, and the thermal conductivity coefficient was determined using an ITP-MG 4 device.
DEVELOPNENT OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF ELECTROCHEMICAL POLISHING OF THE ST 20 GRADE STEEL
Authors: Kocharyan H.N. , Hovhannisyan N.R.
Published: September 2024

Stainless steel is widely used in the production of industrial equipment, technological and household pipelines, building materials, automobiles, surgical instruments and implants, decorative and household items. When manufacturing stainless steel parts, issues of improving the surface cleanliness, increasing corrosion resistance and gloss often arise.
Electrochemical polishing is the processing of an anode part in a special electrolyte under a sufficiently high-density current. The electrochemical polishing method is used along with traditional mechanical and currentless chemical methods.
The main advantages of this method compared to others are low labor intensity, high productivity and quality of polishing, the ability to automate and polish metal surfaces of complex configurations. The disadvantages of the electrochemical polishing process are: the use of a mixture of concentrated acids, the need for regular monitoring of the composition of the electrolyte and its regeneration, frequent changes of the electrolyte, and increased energy consumption.
Despite the fact that the mechanism and practical application of electrochemical polishing of iron and its alloys have been sufficiently studied, for specific grades of steel there is a need to establish the influence of electrolysis parameters (current density, bath voltage, temperature and composition of the electrolyte, processing time and the influence of organic additives). In the presented work, the influence of electrolysis parameters and organic additives on the quality of electrochemical polishing of St.20 steel in phosphorous-sulfate electrolytes is studied.
Anodic polarization curves of steel were obtained for various polishing solutions using a potentiostat of a HCH Instrument Model 600 type P5848 voltammetric analyzer connected to a computer. The gloss of the metal surface is determined using a 170+UV/VIS spectrometer (K-factor). When K=50...80% the sample is considered shiny, when K>80% it is considered highly shiny.
DEVELOPING A TECHNOLOGY FOR PREPARING A BEER BEVERAGE BY USING MEDICINAL HERBS
Authors: Ter-Movsesyan H.Zh. , Vardanyan M.R.
Published: September 2024

The modern trend of expanding the range of beer production is the output of special varieties of beer using non-traditional raw materials in order to form new physicochemical and organoleptic properties.
The goal of this study is the development of the beer technology using medicinal herbs – oregano and basil. They contain a wide range of bioactive compounds, including essential oils, phenolic compounds, have antioxidant activity and are available regardless of season. The materials used were: pale barley malt, caramel malt, hop, dried basil leaves and wild oregano. For giving the drink a harmonious taste, preliminary experiments were carried out to select the time for adding medicinal herbs. It was found that oregano should be added 15 minutes before the end of boiling. Basil should be added to the wort immediately after boiling with hops before fermentation, keeping for 15 minutes. The first group of samples consisted of beer drinks with varying amounts of basil herb, the second - with oregano herb. Wild plants, fruits and herbs play an important role in traditional Armenian cuisine.
For samples of the first group, replacing 30% of hops with basil herb is optimal. For samples of the second group, with the addition of oregano, the optimal dosage is 1.4 g/l of hot wort. The resulting drinks had a harmonious taste and aroma characteristic of the introduced medicinal herbs.
The use of the above medicinal plants will add new taste properties to beer, as well as expand their assortment.
DEVELOPING A TECHNOLOGY FOR SULFIDATION OF OXIDIZED COPPER MINERALS BY MECHANOCHEMICAL ACTIVATION AND OBTAINING A CONCENTRATE
Authors: Aghbalyan S.G. , Avagyan H.V. , Aghamyan T.S.
Published: September 2024

As a result of analysing literature, it is established that one of the effective solutions for processing oxidized and mixed copper minerals is the preparation of the ore for flotation, grinding in a mill accompanied by mechanochemical activation, and forced sulfidation. A thermodynamic comparative analysis of the reactions of sulfidation of oxidized minerals with silicon and sodium sulfides is carried out. The possibilities of sulfidation of oxidized minerals (azurite, malachite, tenorite, cuprite), especially with silicon sulfide, are shown.
The possibility of surface sulfidation of minerals oxidized by silicon sulfide and sodium thiocomplex in a mill is experimentally studied and proved. It has been shown that azurite, malachite, tenorite and cuprite at temperatures 300...350 K and a duration of 50 minutes are sulfidised by 55…70%.
The mechanism and kinetics of sulfidation reactions of minerals oxidized by sodium thiocomplex and silicon sulfide have been studied and revealed. The influence of sulfitator consumption, time and temperature on the degree of sulfidation of oxidized copper minerals is determined. As a result of research, it has been established that the sulfidation of oxidized copper minerals with sodium thiocomplex is more active than with silicon sulfide.
As a result of studying the flotation process of sulfided minerals, the consumption of butyl xanthate (200 g/t) and foaming agent (30 g/t) in the case of sodium thiocomplex (Na2[SiS3]) as a sulfitator is determined.
Based on comprehensive research, a technology has been developed for processing oxidized copper minerals from the Teghout mine in Armenia and producing copper sulfides from them.
Examining the East Timor Problem on the Axis of Conflict Analysis and Peacebuilding: Analysis of Regional Effects
Authors: Aydeniz Bekir
Published: September 2024

Doğu Timor'un karmaşık tarihi geçmişi ve politik dinamikleri, çatışma analizi ve çözümü disiplini içinde incelenecek ve barış inşası perspektifinden değerlendirilecektir. Çatışma analizi, çatışmanın kökenlerini, taraflar arasındaki ilişkileri ve çatışma dinamiklerini analiz etmek için kullanılan temel bir yaklaşımdır. Doğu Timor'un çatışmalarının kökenleri, toplumsal yapı, etnik farklılıklar, ekonomik kaynakların dağılımı ve politik anlayış gibi faktörler sağlanacaktır. Bu bağlamda, çatışma çözümü için uygulanabilecek farklı stratejiler ve müdahale yöntemleri tartışılacaktır. Müzakere, arabuluculuk ve uzlaştırma gibi çözüm stratejileri, çatışma çözümü disiplini bağlamında incelenecek ve Doğu Timor örneği üzerinden analiz edilecektir. Doğu Timor'daki sosyal çözüm süreci, yerel toplumun katılımıyla yürütülen barış inşası faaliyetleri ile birlikte ele alınacak ve bu sürecin başarı faktörleri analiz edilecektir. Bu kapsamlı analiz, Doğu Timor'daki çatışma dinamiklerini, çözüm stratejilerini ve barış inşası sürecini ayrıntılı olarak anlamamıza yardımcı olacak ve bölgesel istikrarın sağlanmasına önemli bir katkı sağlayacaktır.
Congenital bilateral periostitis: Differential diagnosis and a case report
Authors: Elia Anna , Kostin Egor , Charalambous Elena , Orfanos Ioannis
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Periostitis, characterized by radiological findings of periosteal new bone formation, can result from various factors including trauma, drugs, infection, and tumors. Among infants up to six months of age, common causes of periostitis include physiologic periostitis of the newborn, Caffey disease, periostitis related to prostaglandin use, and congenital syphilis. The differential diagnosis of bilateral symmetrical periostitis in newborns and infants within this age range is important as it contributes to the possibility for early treatment.

Case Report: A 3-month-old girl, born at 38 weeks by natural birth and with unremarkable prenatal history, presented with multiple episodes of vomiting, loss of appetite, fever, saddle nose, prominent forehead, maculopapular rash with vesicles in both palms, and a palpable liver. Her weight was below the 3rd percentile on growth charts. The infant’s syphilis serum screening test was reactive, leading to further testing. Treatment with crystalline penicillin G was administered, and diagnostic investigations revealed symmetrical periostitis affecting the diaphysis of bilateral femorae and tibiae.

Conclusion: This case report highlights the importance of considering congenital syphilis in the differential diagnosis of bilateral symmetrical periostitis in newborns and infants up to six months of age. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial. This case report adds to the orthopedic literature by presenting a unique case of congenital syphilis-associated periostitis, emphasizing the significance of considering this etiology in similar clinical scenarios. Increasing awareness of such cases can lead to prompt diagnosis and intervention, ultimately contributing to better clinical outcomes in affected infants.
ТЕЧЕНИЕ ХРОНИЧЕСКОЙ СЕРДЕЧНОЙ НЕДОСТАТОЧНОСТИ НА ФОНЕ COVID- 19, ОБЗОРНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ
Authors: Тажиева А.Е. , Хабижанова В.Б. , Тулеутаева С.А. , Ерлепесова А.Т.
Published: September 2024

В настоящее время COVID-19 продолжает представлять серьезную, глобальную угрозу для человечества, характеризующуюся тяжелыми функциональными нарушениями прежде всего сердечно-сосудистой системы (ССС). Данные статистики наглядно демонстрируют тот факт, что смертность пациентов с COVID-19, в анамнезе которых имеются сердечно-сосудистые заболевания, намного выше. Наличие  хронической сердечной недостаточности (ХСН) и развитие острой фазы недостаточности кровообращения у пациентов значимо ухудшает прогноз как в период заболевания, так и в период ранней реконвалесценции после перенесенного COVID-19. Цель: изучить особенности течения хронической сердечной недостаточности у пациентов, перенесших COVID-19. Стратегия поиска:  мы рассмотрели исследования, систематические обзоры (СО) и мета-анализы (МА), опубликованные в электронных базах данных (Web of Science, Scopus и PubMed, платформе eLIBRARY) наиболее значимые публикации последних 5 лет, кроме того, в работу включены единичные важные обзоры и статьи на русском и  английском языках. Критерии включения: вопросы по хронической сердечной недостаточности, COVID — 19,  осложнения у пациентов с сердечной недостаточностью(СН), вопросы реабилитации. Результаты. Распространенность ХСН в западных странах варьирует от 1 до 2%  увеличиваясь с возрастом до 10% и более среди лиц старше 70 лет, в Казахстане 4% населения страдают от ХСН. Мета-анализ 1 527 пациентов с COVID-19 показал, что встречаемость сердечных заболеваний составила 16,4%, по данным других исследований  сердечная недостаточность (СН) как коморбидное состояние колебалась от 3,3 до 21% среди инфицированных пациентов. Установлено, что общий уровень летальности от коронавирусной инфекции (КВИ)  2,3%,  более высокие показатели  (10,5%) у пациентов с ранее существовавшими  сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями (ССЗ). Нарушения сердечного ритма проявлялись в среднем в 6,9% случаев – при легком течении инфекции и от 44% выше случаев – при тяжелом. Наличие ХСН значимо ухудшает прогноз как в период заболевания, так и в период ранней реконвалесценции после перенесенного COVID-19. Пациенты с ХСН после перенесённой инфекции в течение 6 месяцев имели высокий риск развития неблагоприятных сердечно-сосудистых событий: существенно повышался риск тяжелого  течения, вплоть до декомпенсации ХСН с обострением экстракардиальных коморбидных состояний. Также у  пациентов с кардиологической патологией сохранялись  повышенная тревожность и депрессия. Выводы. Пациенты   с ХСН составляют особую группу риска тяжелого течения COVID-19 и очень высокого риска развития осложнений. СН может быть краткосрочным или долгосрочным проявлением  поражения сердца при КВИ с серьезными последствиями для прогноза. Пациенты, перенесшие COVID-19, потенциально нуждаются в проведении кардиореабилитации.
ПАТОГЕНЕЗ СИНДРОМА ЖИРОВОЙ ЭМБОЛИИ (ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ)
Authors: БАЙКУБЕСОВ К.Б. , НАБИЕВ Е.Н.
Published: September 2024

В статье изложено состояние актуальной проблемы в травматологии и реаниматологии – патогенез развития синдрома жировой эмболии (СЖЭ). Авторами проведен анализ литературных источников, индексируемых в международных журналах, посвящённые исследованию патогенеза синдрома посттравматической жировой эмболии. Результаты позволили установить, что представленные для обсуждения теории патогенеза СЖЭ, достаточно подтвержденные многими исследованиями в разные годы, как в эксперименте, так и на практике, по мнению авторов, имеют право на существования. Цель: изучить патогенез развития СЖЭ с учетом данныхлитературных источников, индексируемых в международных журналах, посвящённые исследованию патогенеза синдрома посттравматической жировой эмболии. Результаты и выводы: на основе анализа литературных источников ближнего и дальнего зарубежья можно утверждать, что на сегодняшний день проблема диагностики, профилактики и лечения СЖЭ остается актуальной проблемой современной травматологии, ортопедии и анестезиологии, реаниматологии. Результаты обзора литературы по вопросу патогенеза СЖЭ показали, что несмотря на наличия большого количества опубликованных материалов в мировой литературе, а также многочисленные исследования по изучению механизма развития СЖЭ, до настоящего времени отсутствует единое понимание патогенеза развития данного синдрома, что еще раз подчеркивает актуальность этой проблемы. Статистические данные о частоте развития СЖЭ и летальности при этом синдроме среди пострадавших несколько разнятся у исследователей. Представленные для обсуждения теории патогенеза, достаточно подтвержденные многими исследованиями в разные годы, как в эксперименте, так и на практике, по нашем мнениям, имеют право на существования. Знание патогенеза СЖЭ позволяет специалистам своевременно диагностировать, разработать профилактику и рациональный план лечения пациентов со скелетной травмой с учетом механизма развития СЖЭ и прогнозирования возможные исходы заболевания.
Перспективы развития фармакогенетики в Казахстане
Authors: Алдиярова Н.Т. , Макалкина Л.Г. , Кузденбаева Р.С. , Авдеев А.В.
Published: September 2024

В последние десятилетия фармакогенетика, наука о влиянии индивидуальных генетических различий на реакцию организма на лекарственные средства, стала ключевым направлением в развитии персонализированной медицины. Внедрение фармакогенетических исследований в клиническую практику предоставляет возможность значительно повысить эффективность лечения, минимизировать риск побочных эффектов и снизить экономические затраты на здравоохранение за счет более целенаправленного подхода к выбору лекарственных препаратов. Казахстан, страна с многонациональным населением, стоит на пороге значительных изменений в системе здравоохранения, обусловленных внедрением новых биомедицинских технологий. Рассмотрение возможностей и вызовов, связанных с адаптацией фармакогенетики на национальном уровне, является актуальной задачей для медицинского сообщества и государственных органов. В данной статье предлагаем изучить перспективы развития фармакогенетики в Казахстане. Анализируются основные этапы внедрения этой науки в медицинскую практику, включая образовательные программы для специалистов, создание необходимой лабораторной инфраструктуры, разработку национальных руководств и нормативных документов, а также вопросы этики и конфиденциальности. Статья также освещает международный опыт и практики, которые могут быть адаптированы для использования в Казахстане.
FEATURES OF DENTAL TREATMENT FOR CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER (LITERATURE REVIEW)
Authors: Kuvatbaeva U.A. , Iskakova M.K. , Kulmanbetov R.I.
Published: September 2024

Self-care skills in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are poorly developed, children are dependent on sweet foods and have impaired sensory integration. All this leads to poor oral hygiene. High rates of dental diseases in such patients require a search for the most effective methods of prevention and treatment. For children with autistic disorder, specific programs based on clinical presentation and behavior modification have been developed to adapt to dental care and oral hygiene education. However, the psycho-emotional state of children at a dental appointment makes it difficult to conduct a high-quality dental appointment, as well as diagnose major dental diseases. Target. Presentation of current information about the psycho-emotional status of children with ASD at a dental appointment and a modern approach to diagnosing major dental diseases. Materials and methods. The main research method is the analysis of literature sources on a given topic. The search for publications was carried out based on the established PRISMA criteria (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) in the Medline PubMed and E-library search databases using the specified keywords: “psycho-emotional status”, “children with ASD”, “caries diagnosis”, "clinical manifestations". Conclusions. Children with autism need prevention and treatment of dental diseases. It is necessary to adapt existing prevention programs taking into account the characteristics of their disease and personal characteristics, using various methods of teaching oral hygiene.
БИОМЕХАНИЧЕСКОЕ ОБОСНОВАНИЕ ОСТЕОСИНТЕЗА ВЕРТЕЛЬНЫХ ПЕРЕЛОМОВ БЕДРЕННОЙ КОСТИ НОВЫМ УСТРОЙСТВОМ
Authors: Набиев Е.Н. , Оразалиев К.М. , Досмаилов Б.С. , Горбунов Б.Н. , Аскеров Р.А. , Кенесбеков А.К.
Published: September 2024

Вертельные переломы бедренной кости чаще встречаются у лиц пожилого и старческого возраста и основным методом лечения переломов является остеосинтез с целью ранней активизации больных. Выбор способа фиксации таких переломов является актуальной проблемой современной травматологии. Существующие недостатки интрамедуллярной системы фиксации указывают на необходимость углубленного исследования для поиска оптимальных методов коррекции. Цель: представить разработанное устройство для лечения вертельных переломов бедренной кости (Патент № 33450 РК на изобретение от 11.02.2019 г.) и результаты математического обоснования остеосинтеза новым устройством. Авторами разработано новое устройство для остеосинтеза (Патент № 33450 РК на изобретение от 11.02.2019 г.) и технология его применения. Материалы и методы. Выполнено биомеханическое исследование на кафедре технической механики Казахского агротехнического университета имени С. Сейфуллина г. Астана для биомеханического обоснования остеосинтеза бедренной кости новым устройством. Результаты. проведенные расчеты напряженно-деформированного состояния системы «кость-фиксатор» с прототипом и новым устройством для остеосинтеза вертельных переломов бедренной кости показали, что величина максимальных напряжений и перемещений, возникающих при воздействии поперечной нагрузки на кость в образцах, синтезированных новым устройством, не превышают допустимых значений. Коэффициент запаса прочности системы «кость-фиксатор» высок в образцах с новым устройством. Выводы. Полученные сравнительные результаты расчетов напряженно-деформированного состояния системы «кость-фиксатор» с новым устройством, являются достаточными для поддержания стабильности вертельного перелома бедренной кости. Новое устройство для лечения вертельных переломов бедренной кости (Патент № 33450 РК на изобретение от 11.02.2019 г.) позволяет выполнить стабильный остеосинтез, предотвратить возможность миграции шеечных винтов в дистальном направлении и провести раннее функциональное лечение.
Epidemiology of malignant neoplasms. Role of locoregional methods of treatment of primary liver cancer
Authors: Malayev N. , Saparbayev S. , Mussin N. , Urazayev O. , Zagorulya N. , Kubekova S.
Published: September 2024

Oncological diseases remain a serious problem of the healthcare system, occupying the 2nd place in the structure of morbidity and mortality of the population, second only to cardiovascular diseases [1]. Despite the actions made to prevent and treat malignant neoplasms (MN), the number of new registered cases in the Republic of Kazakhstan (RK) in 2022 compared to 2021 increased by 7.7% (35079 in 2022 vs. 32572 in 2021). The indicator of morbidity per 100 thousand population was 179.9 (2021 - 170.3) with a growth rate for the year of 5.6% [2]. In the structure of organ and system damage, the greatest increase in morbidity was recorded in thyroid tumours (29.3%), leukaemia (24.2%), MN of bones and articular cartilage (+24.1%) and prostate gland (22.9%). The growth of MN, along with other factors, is to a certain extent due to the increase in the life expectancy of the population.
СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ МЕТОДОВ БАЙЕСА И FMEA ПО УПРАВЛЕНИЮ РИСКАМИ ПРИ ДИСТРИБУЦИИ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫХ СРЕДСТВ
Authors: ЕГИЗБАЕВА К.Н. , СЕРИКБАЕВА Э.А. , ЖАКИПБЕКОВ К.С. , АЮПОВА Р.Б. , СЕЙТОВА Ж.Д.
Published: September 2024

Риск является основной причиной возникновения любого несоответствия и может негативно повлиять на качество лекарств. Поэтому основная цель фармацевтической деятельности должна основываться на управлении рисками и их снижении. Выбор, комбинированное использование и постоянный мониторинг эффективных методов управления для достижения этой цели являются предпосылками для снижения рисков для качества. Цель исследования: провести сравнительный анализ методов Байеса и FMEA по управлению рисками. Стратегия поиска: Для выполнения поставленной цели были изучены релевантные источники литературы, а также нормативно-правовые акты, действующие на территории Республики Казахстан (РК). Для составления данного обзора был проведен всесторонний поиск публикаций в электронных базах данных. В процессе поиска мы использовали следующие базы данных и поисковые системы: Google Scholar, eLIBRARY, Cyberleninka, по ключевым словам, управление рисками, система менеджмента качества, метод Байеса, FMEA-анализ. Результаты: По данным сравнительного анализа методов Байеса и FMEA, было определено главное отличие Байесовского метода от FMEA-анализа. А также, был приведен пример применения данных методов в дистрибуции лекартсвенных средств. Выводы: Изучив материалы, мы пришли к выводу, что комбинированное применение методов управления рисками в дистрибьюторской деятельности позволяет эффективно анализировать, управлять и снизить уровень критичности рисков для качества.
АНАЛИЗ АССОРТИМЕНТА ЛЕЧЕБНО-КОСМЕТИЧЕСКИХ СРЕДСТВ, ПРИМЕНЯЕМЫХ ПРИ РОЗАЦЕА НА РЫНКЕ РЕСПУБЛИКИ КАЗАХСТАН
Authors: Жарылкасынова Д. , Шопабаева А.Р.
Published: September 2024

Розацеа - хроническое, но поддающееся лечению заболевание кожи, которое в первую очередь поражает центральную часть лица и часто характеризуется обострениями и ремиссиями. В статье представлены результаты комплексного анализа косметологического рынка Республики Казахстан по таким критериям, как торговое наименование, место производства, страна-производитель и рыночная стоимость. По данным стран-производителей, только 1% (1 торговое наименование) лечебно-косметологической продукции для лечения розацеа принадлежит отечественным производителям. Полученные результаты позволяют более глубоко изучить рынок лечебно-косметологических веществ для лечения розацеа и определить перспективы его дальнейшего развития.
A Policy for Integration and Re-Socialization of Students with Special Educational Needs at University of Ruse “Angel Kanchev” – Bulgaria
Authors: Popova Ana
Published: September 2024

The current paper identifies some problem areas in the work with students with special educational needs (SEN) in the system of higher education, interprets successful national and international academic practices for their integration and justifies the necessity of the establishment of a Center for Work and Integration with students with SEN at University of Ruse “Angel Kanchev”, as an effective tool for adaptation and active support of such students for their full participation in the educational and research process and extracurricular activities. The creation of such a center corresponds to the efforts of the University of Ruse to generate a consistent policy in the field of inclusive education. Together with the already functioning similar centers at Sofia University and New Bulgarian University, the Center for Work and Integration of Students with SEN at University of Ruse can serve as a model for inclusive education in the higher education system in Bulgaria, as well as will assist in the establishment of international university networks in this direction.
MORSICATIO BUCCARUM AND LABIORUM IN SEVERE ANXIETY PATIENT
Authors: Sulaksana Sutrania Dewi , Yuslianti Euis Reni
Published: September 2024

Morsicatio buccarum and labiorum are conditions generally caused by chronic habitual cheek and lip biting. Objective findings present thick, shaggy, irregular white lesions on the buccal and labial mucosa. Morsicatio is frequently associated with psychological conditions. This case report aims to assess the depression, anxiety, and stress levels in a patient with morsicatio buccarum and labiorum. A 22-year-old male patient visited the Integrated Polyclinic of Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani Dental Hospital to check his oral status. Clinical examination revealed incidental findings. Extraoral examination showed clicking on both temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and lip desquamation sides. Intraoral mucosa examination revealed white lesions in the form of unsweepable plaque, irregular, slightly elevated from surrounding tissue, and interspersed with erythematous erosion areas on the buccal and labial mucosa. A pigmented lesion was found on the anterior attached gingiva mucosa on both the upper and lower jaws. The patient admitted to chronic habitual cheek biting since childhood. The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress-21 (DASS-21) assessment showed anxiety reaching a severe level. A psychological approach is needed as part of the treatment planning in morsicatio cases.
Youth Social Organizations' Participation in Digital Village Construction: Evolution, Characteristics, and Advancement Pathways
Authors: Wang Qi , Li Huizhong
Published: September 2024

This study aims to explore the evolution, characteristics, and advancement pathways of youth social organizations in the construction of digital villages. Through literature review and field research, this paper analyzes the positive role of youth social organizations in the construction of digital villages and proposes corresponding advancement strategies. The study finds that youth social organizations possess innovativeness, flexibility, and public welfare characteristics in the construction of digital villages, and can effectively promote the in-depth development of digital village construction through paths such as expanding funding sources, improving governance systems, strengthening the construction of digital platforms, activating talent dynamics, and developing digital agriculture industries.
The Cognition and Promotion of Chinese National Opera from the Perspective of Globalization
Authors: Shi Xueqing , Zhao Chenyu
Published: September 2024

Chinese national opera culture, as a key component of Chinese national culture, has gradually built up a distinctive style of national opera with Chinese characteristics by drawing on the performance structure, singing techniques and creative thinking of western opera. This paper analyzes the globalization path of Chinese national opera, summarizes the cognitive differences in the international communication of Chinese national opera, and puts forward scientific and reasonable promotion paths to promote the globalization development of Chinese national opera. Key words: Chinese opera, Chinese national vocal music, Chinese national opera.
Lessons Learned and Reflections on the French Policy of Educational Security for Children with Autism
Authors: Li Lanting
Published: September 2024

China's government has started to focus on the educational protection of children with autism, establishing a preliminary social security system. However, operational effectiveness of these policies requires further improvement. This paper reviews the French government's four autism programs introduced since 2005, emphasizing policies for educational protection. By comparing current policies in France and China, the paper urges the Chinese government to enhance educational protection for autistic children, drawing on foreign experiences to develop contextually appropriate measures.
Under the Career Development Concept, the Influence of Senior College Students ' Frustrated Sense of Competence on Lifelong Learning Intention and Adjustment
Authors: Wang Yirui
Published: September 2024

As the most sensitive and profound group affected by the new era, college students need to constantly learn in order to adapt to social changes, and to better survive and develop in the information and networking age. However, some Chinese college students have a shallow awareness of lifelong learning and their plan are not clear enough. This study found that the frustration of learner competence is related to lifelong learning intention. Researcher used survey questionnaires and interviews, exploring the influencing factors of competence frustration, and different experiences of competence have different impacts on their future study and lifelong learning behavior intention. The guiding role of career development planning was judged, and play an role of school and families, so as to reduce the negative impact of competence frustration and put emphasis on frustration education. In this process, the frustrated individuals were encouraged to dialectically view competence frustration and develop the idea of continuous progress and challenge in the future. The concept of lifelong learning and progress are deeply integrate into daily life.
The Mediating Role of Teacher Commitment in the Relationship between Principal Leadership and Student Motivation in Visual Art Education in Changyi District, Jilin City
Authors: Zhang Hanwen , Bity Salwana Binti Alias
Published: September 2024

The research focuses on the impact of principal leadership on student motivation in visual art education from the Changyi District of Jilin City, moderated by teacher commitment. It examines the manner in which principal leadership, based on transformational behaviors, impacts on teacher commitment as a way of determining student motivation. Using a cross-sectional survey study design, principals, Visual Art teachers, and students filled self-administered questionnaires grounded on standardised scales. The study also confirmed the fact that there are strong positive relationships between, principal leadership, teacher commitment and student motivation. This study found out that through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis supports the argument that teacher commitment has a partial mediating effect on the effect of principal leadership on student motivation, increased teacher commitment to will ensure the necessary environment for enhancing student motivation. It extends the body of knowledge on how educational leadership impacts on the students, with reference to visual art education in particular, and posits that improving principal leadership can result into better teacher involvement – and therefore, students’ motivation and performance. Thus, the study carries considerable implications for educational leadership and teaching practice as it stresses the leadership and teacher encouragement for raising students’ achievements in art education.
University Administrator’s Leadership Styles Affecting Instructors’ Job Satisfaction in a Normal University in Jiangxi Province, China
Authors: Liu Anqi
Published: September 2024

This study aims to explore how university leaders' leadership styles influence instructors' job satisfaction. Effective university leadership is crucial to the success of educational institutions, as leaders directly impact instructors' satisfaction by shaping the work environment and decision-making processes. The study examines various types of leadership styles, including autocratic, democratic, transformational, transactional, and laissez-faire leadership, and analyzes their different impacts on job satisfaction. The findings suggest that democratic and transformational leadership styles generally contribute to higher levels of job satisfaction among instructors, while autocratic and laissez-faire leadership styles may lead to lower satisfaction. These insights provide valuable guidance for university leaders in enhancing instructors' job satisfaction.
A Corpus-based Research on Synonym Discrimination: Exemplified by “Finish”, “Complete” and “Accomplish”
Authors: Ding Pengbiao
Published: September 2024

The emergence of corpus has provided a new perspective for the identification and distinguishing of synonyms, and the linguistic facts contained in the corpus can be relied on to provide a strong support for lexical analysis. Based on the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) and its vocabulary retrieval tool JustTheWord, this paper adopts a research method combining quantitative and qualitative analysis, and discusses the synonyms “finish”, “complete” and “accomplish” as the research objects from the aspects of registers, word frequency, colligation, collocates, and semantic preference, and explains the significance of this research for vocabulary teaching at the end of the article.
Exploration and Practice of Three-Dimensional Textbook Construction for Higher Vocational Maritime English under the Digital Background
Authors: Huang Xiang
Published: September 2024

In the current era swept by the digital wave, the teaching of maritime English in higher vocational colleges urgently needs innovation and reform. This paper focuses on the construction of three-dimensional textbooks for higher vocational maritime English under the digital background, deeply discusses its necessity, analyzes the current situation and existing problems, proposes targeted strategies, aiming to provide a useful reference for improving the teaching quality of higher vocational maritime English and cultivating high-quality maritime talents who meet the needs of the times.
Study of the Effect of Music on the Perceptual Abilities of Children with Autism
Authors: Yan Penglei
Published: September 2024

The application of music therapy in children with autism is gaining attention, especially showing positive effects in improving their perceptual abilities. This study explored the potential mechanisms and application methods of music's effects on the perceptual abilities of children with autism through literature review and empirical analysis. It was shown that music therapy can significantly improve social interaction, communication skills, and self-expression of children with autism, especially in enhancing their auditory and visual perceptual abilities. In addition, music therapy, as a non-verbal communication method, provides an effective way for children with autism to express their emotions and needs, which contributes to their social integration and personal development. Future studies should further explore the application of music therapy in children with different types and degrees of autism in order to optimise their intervention strategies.
Predictors of Consumer Purchase Intention Toward Green Hotels in China: The Moderating Role of Generation Y&Z
Authors: Ma Weina , Chen Yongsee
Published: September 2024

This study aims to explore consumer purchase intention toward green hotels in China amidst increasing environmental concerns in the hospitality sector, with a specific focus on the moderating influence of Generation Y and Generation Z. Grounded in Ajzen’s Theory of Planned Behavior, it examines how attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, perceived value, and trust influence consumer behavior in sustainable tourism. Utilizing Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) on data collected from 357 respondents in Sanya City, Hainan Province, findings reveal significant impacts of attitudes, trust, and perceived value on green hotel preferences. Generation Z demonstrates stronger moderating effects compared to Generation Y. The study contributes theoretical insights into consumer behavior across generational cohorts, suggesting tailored green marketing strategies to engage diverse consumer segments effectively. Limitations include regional specificity and opportunities for future research on broader demographic influences.