bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New trends in codes of ethics: Czech business ethics preferences by the dawn of COVID-19
Authors: MacGregor Pelikánová Radka , MacGregor Robert Kenyon , Černek Martin
Published: December 2021

Research background: The morality and sustainability depend upon the active engagement of all stakeholders. Businesses might have to observe minimum standards via their corporate social responsibility (CSR), but this does not imply any mandatory and enforceable requirements for their internal documents. Crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic magnify differences and might impact the perception and commitment to ethics and modify preferences.

Purpose of the article: Since it is up to each and every business whether it will issue Codes of Ethics or Codes of Conduct (Codes) and how they will project ethical principles, values and concerns in them, it is both illuminative and instrumental to conduct a massive theoretical and literature review, to identify five aspects for exploration of  Codes: (i) human nature (ii) moral values (iii) ethical principles, (iv) reasoning and (v) sustainability pillars, and to perform such an exploration via a case study at the dawn of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Based on a massive theoretical and literature review, five aspects for exploration have been identified and employed in a case study involving twenty Codes of the largest Czech businesses, while focusing on their preferences. This is to be achieved by a holistic advanced content analysis employing meta-analysis and manual Delphi method with Likert scoring by a panel of experts.

Findings & value added: The case study reveals that generally Codes prefer (i) Socrates´ perception of human nature, (ii) respect and responsibility as moral values, (iii) the principle of solidarity, (iv) social contract and deontological reasoning and (v) the sustainability social pillar. These findings demonstrate discrepancies and inconsistencies between and also within  these Codes, which often paternalistically reject the multi-stakeholder approach that is needed to overcome COVID-19. This litigates for the appropriateness of this new methodology and encourages further longitudinal case studies entailing more jurisdictions and industries.
Economic security of municipality: evaluation and using results in territory administration
Authors: Levchenko Tatiana Aleksandrovna
Published: December 2021

The level of economic security of an individual municipality determines the level of regional and national economic security. To be sufficient it should have an effective management system for the municipality as a whole and its economic security in particular. Assessment of the level of economic security and measures to improve it are appointed as mandatory elements, includes. The need to research the approaches to assessing the level of economic security of a municipality, approbation of individual methods on the example of specific municipalities and using the results obtained to develop solutions for the management of the corresponding territory have been stated. There have been analyzed the practical approaches to defining the essence of the economic security of a municipality and assessing its level. A grate disadvantage of Yu.V. Fartygina and A.V. Ivanov’s methods is their focus on the region’s economy. There was applied the methodology of Zh.A. Mingaleva, which revealed the greatest number of advantages: the availability of the information base, taking into account the peculiarities of the economy of the municipality, the use of differentiated threshold values that allow to draw the conclusions. There was evaluated the Spassky municipal district of Primorsky Kray. The assessment was carried out over the period of 2018-2020, which revealed a low level of economic security of the studied municipality and a negative trend of its change. In order to correlate the results of the assessment of the economic security of the Spassky municipal district with the level of Primorsky Kray, a corresponding comparison was made according to the data over 2020, which proved lagging from the regional average values. The threats to the economic security of the Spassky municipal district were formulated and a system of measures was proposed to increase the level of economic security. The studied system takes into account the factors of the competitiveness of the municipality and modern approaches to the management of the municipality in the Russian Federation.
Social determinants of adherence to COVID-19 preventive guidelines: a comprehensive review
Authors: Shushtari Zahra Jorjoran , Salimi Yahya , Ahmadi Sina , Rajabi-Gilan Nader , Shirazikhah Marzieh , Biglarian Akbar , Almasi Ali , Gharehghani Mohammad Ali Mohammadi
Published: December 2021

Adherence to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) preventive guidelines (ACPG) is an important strategy to control the COVID-19 pandemic effectively. The present study aimed to identify and summarize the social determinants of ACPG among the general population. A comprehensive review was performed from December 2019 to February 2021 through searching electronic databases. Two independent reviewers assessed and selected relevant studies. Next, the characteristics and main findings of the included studies were summarized. Finally, the World Health Organization’s conceptual framework of social determinants of health was used to synthesize the identified social determinants of ACPG. Forty-one of 453 retrieved articles met the inclusion criteria. The study results showed different patterns of ACPG among various communities. Furthermore, 84 social determinants were identified and categorized into structural and intermediary determinants. ACPG is a set of complex behaviors associated with different individual sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics; living and working conditions; COVID-19 knowledge, attitudes, and risk perceptions; exposure to sources and information level; leisure activities; social support; trust; social norms; psychosocial well-being; socio-economic position; and the socio-economic and political context. Interventions to promote ACPG among the general population should consider the identified social determinants of ACPG.
COVID-19 vaccine safety monitoring in Republic of Korea from February 26, 2021 to October 31, 2021
Authors: Hwang Insob , Park Kyeongeun , Kim Tae Eun , Kwon Yunhyung , Lee Yeon-Kyeng
Published: December 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to present data on reported adverse events following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination in Republic of Korea from February 26 to October 31, 2021, and to determine whether any significant patterns emerged from an analysis of the characteristics of suspected adverse event cases for each type of vaccine.Methods: Adverse events following COVID-19 vaccination reported by medical doctors and forensic pathologists were analyzed. Cases of suspected anaphylaxis were classified using the Brighton Collaboration definition.Results: By October 31, 2021, a total of 353,535 (0.45%) adverse events were reported after 78,416,802 COVID-19 vaccine doses. Of the adverse events, 96.4% were non-serious and 3.6% were serious. The most frequently reported adverse events were headache, myalgia, and dizziness. Of the 835 reported deaths after COVID-19 vaccination, 2 vaccine-related deaths were confirmed. Suspected anaphylaxis was confirmed in 454 cases using the Brighton Collaboration definition.Conclusion: The commonly reported symptoms were similar to those described in clinical trials. Most reported adverse events were non-serious, and the reporting rate of adverse events following COVID-19 vaccination was higher in women than in men (581 vs. 315 per 100,000 vaccinations). Confirmed anaphylaxis was reported in 5.8 cases per 1,000,000 vaccinations.
La agenda europea de prevención de conflictos veinte años después del Programa de Gotemburgo
Authors: Cuadrado Jara
Published: December 2021

La prevención de conflictos se ha posicionado, desde los años noventa, como una doctrina clave en la gestión de crisis. La Unión Europea (UE) la incorporó a su agenda de acción exterior en aquel momento y, desde entonces, ha pasado por diferentes etapas, tratando de adaptarse al contexto internacional de seguridad, cada vez más complejo y cambiante. Esa evolución que ha experimentado la política europea de prevención de conflictos es el objeto de estudio de este artículo, con el propósito de conocer los cambios en la doctrina y cómo estos han repercutido en un elemento fundamental para el éxito de la prevención: la cooperación con los actores locales y regionales del contexto conflictual en el que se interviene. Con la finalidad de conocer mejor el potencial de esa relación, se ha seleccionado el caso de la Comunidad Económica de los Estados de África Occidental (CEDEAO), debido a las importantes relaciones que mantiene con la UE, a su experiencia en el campo de la prevención y por la relevancia estratégica que esa zona tiene para Europa.
La obligación comunitaria de reintegro de las ayudas de estado «ilegales» para el derecho de la Unión Europea y su instrumentación en el Derecho Español
Authors: Becerra Gómez Ana María
Published: December 2021

En el presente artículo delimitaremos el concepto de ayuda de Estado ilegal a partir de lo establecido en el artículo 107 TFUE, sus modalidades y sus causas. Ello servirá para determinar en qué casos corresponde el deber de recuperación impuesto por la Unión Europea para el supuesto de ayudas ilegales y los mecanismos con los que cuenta el Derecho español para el cumplimiento de dicha obligación comunitaria.
Evaluation of matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases in aqueous humor of dogs with versus without naturally occurring primary angle-closure glaucoma
Authors: Pumphrey Stephanie A. , Zitek-Morrison Emily , Pizzirani Stefano , Meola Dawn M.
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVE

To compare concentrations of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) in aqueous humor from ophthalmologically normal dogs and dogs with naturally occurring primary angle-closure glaucoma (cPACG).

SAMPLE

Aqueous humor samples from 12 eyes with cPACG and 18 ophthalmologically normal eyes of dogs.

PROCEDURES

A multiplex fluorescence-based ELISA was used to measure concentrations of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-10, MMP-13, TIMP-1, TIMP-2, and TIMP-4. Results for eyes with versus without cPACG were compared.

RESULTS

Significantly higher mean concentrations of MMP-1 (45% higher), MMP-2 (55% higher), MMP-3 (39% higher), MMP-8 (79% higher), MMP-9 (29% higher), MMP-10 (60% higher), TIMP-1 (63% higher), and TIMP-2 (136% higher) were detected in aqueous humor from eyes with cPACG, compared with ophthalmologically normal eyes.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

MMPs and TIMPs have pivotal roles in extracellular matrix turnover and homeostasis in the outflow pathways of the eye. Results of the present study documented higher concentrations of MMPs and TIMPs in aqueous humor samples from dog eyes with late-stage cPACG. Although, to our knowledge, TIMPs have not previously been evaluated in the context of cPACG, the markedly higher concentration of TIMPs in eyes with cPACG suggested that inhibition of proteolysis and extracellular matrix turnover might be a factor in the development of glaucoma in susceptible individuals. However, because the present study used samples from dogs with late-stage cPACG, further work is required to characterize the temporal relationship between MMP and TIMP concentration changes and onset or progression of disease.
Outcome of rest with or without bandaging for treatment of carpal flexural contracture deformities in puppies: 47 puppies and 75 joints (2000–2018)
Authors: Petazzoni Massimo , Mortellaro Carlo M. , Esposito Alessandro , Ferrari Francesco , Piras Alessandro , Boudrieau Randy J.
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVE

To review outcome of dogs with carpal flexural contracture deformities treated with rest alone or with rest and bandaging.

ANIMALS

47 dogs (75 joints).

PROCEDURES

Medical records of dogs with unilateral or bilateral carpal flexural contracture deformities were reviewed, and dogs were grouped according to deformity severity grade (graded on a scale from 1 to 3) at the time of diagnosis. Two treatment groups were compared: rest only and rest with a modified Robert-Jones bandage. All dogs were reevaluated weekly until recovery (ie, resolution of the deformity and lameness).

RESULTS

All dogs responded to conservative management, with all dogs regaining full extension of the antebrachiocarpal joint and ambulating normally at the time of the final visit. Mean ± SD time from initial diagnosis to recovery (ie, resolution of the deformity and lameness) was 2.9 ± 2.2 weeks (median, 2 weeks; range, 1 to 9 weeks). For dogs with grade 1 or 2 severity, mean time to recovery did not differ significantly between treatment groups. For dogs with grade 3 severity, however, mean time to recovery was significantly shorter for dogs treated with rest and bandaging than for dogs treated with rest alone.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results suggested that conservative management (rest alone or rest and bandaging) was a successful treatment option for puppies with carpal flexural contracture deformity and that bandaging resulted in a shorter time to recovery for dogs that were severely affected.
Mathematical expression and application of Marxism
Authors: Qi Yuan
Published: December 2021

Marxism is a scientific theoretical system about the understanding of the regularity of nature, society and human thinking. Marxism mainly includes Marxist philosophy (i.e. dialectical materialism and historical materialism), political economy and scientific socialism, among which Marxist philosophy is the theoretical basis, political economy is the main content and scientific socialism is the core and highest goal of Marxism. When analysis is made of the histories of mathematics, philosophy and economics, we are led to the inference that philosophy, economics and mathematics have a natural internal connection. This paper mainly discusses the relationship between philosophy and mathematics and Marx's evaluation of and research on mathematics, and then tries to express some basic and important principles of Marxist philosophy and political economy with the tools and ways of mathematics (formulas), in order to understand the profundities of Marxism much more easily.
The View of Student Teachers on the Teacher’s Profession
Authors: Trávníčková Petra
Published: December 2021

Introduction:
In recent years, teaching is no longer perceived only as a job, but as a profession. The study focuses on student’s view on the teacher’s profession, which is important in the context of becoming a teacher. During their university studies, student teachers are at the beginning of their professional careers. Their attitudes, values and principles are still evolving.

Methods:
Building on previous studies, qualitative methodology was applied. The main goals of the research were to describe the changing views of student teachers on the teacher’s profession, and to compare their views in the first and third years of study. Therefore, thematic writing was chosen.

Results:
The results show that the student teacher’s views change significantly during their university studies. While in the first year, student teachers focus more on the importance of childhood, their own practical experience and the teacher’s influence on a child’s life; in the last year of bachelor´s study, the emphasis is on the teacher’s personality, teaching professionalism and on the teacher as a learner can be observed. This paper can provide evidence that university education for kindergarten teachers is important and it most likely influences their future work.

Discussion:
The research findings show that it is appropriate to pay attention to how views about the teacher’s profession change. This could broaden the view of the development of the teacher profession concept and could also be a useful tool for modifying the content of future teachers’ education.

Limitations:
A certain limit of research can be sen in using one method. It would certainly be appropriate to supplement the research with interviews with participants. In my future research I will focus on this issue.

Conclusion:
1. The student teachers’ views change significantly during their university studies, 2. The focus moves from their practical experience to the didactic theory. 3. There is a shift from focusing on personality of teachers to their abilities.
Making the Pedagogical Elements Used by Prospective Mathematics Teachers Visible in Teaching: Scenario Writing Activities
Authors: Aytekin Cahit
Published: December 2021

Introduction:
In the reflective writing process, teachers make identification, information, explanation and evaluation activities (Spanneberg, 2009). It is thought that the scenarios written by the teacher candidates in order to teach a certain subject can give them an opportunity to think deeply. However, these teaching scenarios can be a valuable tool for reflective thinking in terms of educational matters such as teaching methods, pedagogy, and beliefs.

Methods:
In this study, it was investigated whether script writing is an effective tool to make pedagogical elements visible in the prospects of mathematics teachers. Case study pattern, which is one of the qualitative research patterns, was used in the research. For this purpose, thirty prospective mathematics teachers who participated in the study were asked to write two scenarios. The first one is called as “car travel” and the other one is called as “triangles and similarity” scenario. Before the study, some basic frameworks were defined for both scenarios. These are explained to prospective teachers. The “car travel” scenario in this research was given within the scope of the theme which includes only two people and a limited environmental interaction. The second scenario is the triangles and the similarity scenario. In the second scenario, the role of a teacher who conducts applied and real-life education outside of school is defined.

Results:
In general, it is concluded that script writing activities are very useful in training teachers. The data obtained from both scenarios reveal that the pedagogical elements constructed during the scenario writing activities become concrete in the minds of the prospective teachers.

Discussion:
It is observed that prospective teachers often include the structure of teaching related to real life in their scenarios. It is stated that teaching in the context of real life increases academic success and students’ interest in the lesson, and thus, the content is learned perceptibly by the students (Acar & Yaman, 2011). Another cognitive element that prospective teachers include in their scenarios is the use of available materials. It is noteworthy that the prospective teachers used real-life tools and materials as materials in the place chosen for the scenarios of their scripts.

Limitations:
This research is limited to script texts written by thirty prospective teachers.

Conclusions:
Thanks to this visibility, feedback can be given on the pedagogical elements that the prospective teacher will use in the future.
Employment Status and Educational Achievements in Universities: Evidence from Southeast Nigeria
Authors: Ojonta Obed I. , Ogbuabor Jonathan E. , Ojonta Peace N. , Orji Anthony , Anthony-Orji Onyinye I.
Published: December 2021

Introduction:
Educational achievement has remained the common yardstick for assessing human capital development across the world. However, it has been observed that Nigeria is one of the developing countries facing the challenge of low level of academic achievement by employees in the university system, which in turn has grave implications for the overall performance of the Nigerian university system in terms of efficient work delivery.

Methods:
This study adopts a robust and stratified sampling technique to select 4,122 employees in selected federal universities in the southeast of Nigeria and uses structural questionnaire and binary logistic regression to analyse the effect of employment status on academic achievement in South East Nigeria.

Results:
The findings show that employment status negatively and significantly influences the academic achievement of employees in Nigerian universities.

Discussion:
The major focus of this study is to examine the impact of employment status on educational achievement in the universities for southeast, Nigeria. To drive more effective and efficient service delivery in the universities, there is need for adequate salary enhancement for employees in order to motivate them to strive for higher educational attainments.

Limitations:
The study was carried out in federal universities in Nigeria. It is expected to expand the study to cut across both private, states in Nigeria for effective and efficient comparison among the universities found in southeast geopolitical zones.

Conclusion:
The study concludes that government should continuously motivate these employees so that they can strive for higher educational attainments.
p-Synephrine and its various pharmacological effects
Authors: Ziemichod Wojciech , Gibula-Tarlowska Ewa , Kotlinska Jolanta H. , Grochecki Pawel , Kedzierska Ewa
Published: December 2021

There is a number of diseases for which, scientists are constantly looking for a promising new treatments. Isolation of novel substances with biological activity from plants gives hope for its use in treatment. In this review, we focused on the biological activity of p-synephrine (4-(2-aminoethyl)phenol) which was previously confirmed during both in vitro and in vivo tests. The main part of the review is dedicated to the anti-obesity activity of p-synephrine, as obesity is a disease of contemporary civilization. However, synephrine also possesses anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory and antidepressant activity and it is confirmed to be a hypotensive agent in portal hypertension. The review also emphasize that, based on current knowledge, the use of p-synephrine appears to be exceedingly safe with only limited range of side effects. Therefore, it seems that this substance may be of great importance in the pharmacotherapy of many disease states and further research is necessary.
The diagnostic value of immunohistochemical staining of the interstitial vascular C4d complement in membranous nephropathy
Authors: Pourlak Tala , Sharifi Sonya , Vahed Sepideh Zununi , Ahmadian Elham , Cucchiarini Magali
Published: December 2021

Membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) is the most common cause of adulthood nephrotic syndrome. Diagnosis of membranous nephritis is based on light electron immunofluorescence microscopy and clinical signs. Immune complex deposition against podocyte antigens such as phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) activates the complement system. Of this, complement Component C4d (C4d) is involved in the classical and lectin pathways. This marker may be used by immunohistochemistry to diagnose MGN when other methods are not available. In this work, C4d expression was monitored by immunohistochemical analysis in the glomerular capillaries of patients with primary MGN (study group, N=33) versus patients with minimal change disease (MCD, control group, N=20) in a cross-sectional evaluation performed based on the diagnosis confirmed by light microscopy and immunofluorescence. There was no significant demographic difference between the two groups except for age (P=0.002). C4d immune-expression was positive in glomerular capillary (2+ to 4+) in most of the MGN patients, while it was negative in the MCD group. The sensitivity and specificity of C4d immunostaining were 95% and 100%, respectively. The Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.74 between C4d (immunohistochemistry) and immunoglobulins (IgG; immunofluorescence) and 0.65 between C4d (immunohistochemistry) and the C3 complement product (immunofluorescence). Immunohistochemical evaluation of C4d is, therefore, a sensitive and specific method that has a high correlation with IgG immunofluorescence.
Near Approximations in Modules
Authors: Davvaz Bijan , Setyawati Dian Winda , Soleha  , Mukhlash Imam , Subiono
Published: December 2021

Rough set theory is a mathematical approach to imperfect knowledge. The near set approach leads to partitions of ensembles of sample objects with measurable information content and an approach to feature selection. In this paper, we apply the previous results of Bagirmaz [Appl. Algebra Engrg. Comm. Comput., 30(4) (2019) 285-29] and [Davvaz et al., Near approximations in rings. AAECC (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00200-020-00421-3] to module theory. We introduce the notion of near approximations in a module over a ring, which is an extended notion of a rough approximations in a module presented in [B. Davvaz and M. Mahdavipour, Roughness in modules, Information Sciences, 176 (2006) 3658-3674]. Then we define the lower and upper near submodules and investigate their properties.
A MCDM Based on Goal Programming and GIS-Based Risk Assessment for the Evaluation of Educational Locations in Conflict Areas
Authors: Hallak Jamil , Polat Elifcan Göçmen
Published: December 2021

Conflict is recognized as a major barrier in socio-economic development. In conflict situations, most sectors such as health, food, shelter and education are adversely affected. The provision of education services to conflict-affected children saves them from becoming a lost generation and contributes to community building. Thus, we conducted this research to investigate the potential of a GIS (Geographic Information Systems) approach and risk assessment based multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) for the allocation of displaced dropped-out children to the most appropriate educational centres, taking into account multiple goals related to cost, distance, risk, etc. A two-stage approach was adopted, utilizing a risk assessment approach, and a location-allocation approach. The risk assessment approach was carried out using GIS and F-AHP (Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process) to determine the risk value of each candidate educational centre in the conflict area. In the location-allocation stage, a mathematical model was developed to allocate all demands to the chosen centres. All presented methods were computationally conducted on real case data provided by direct beneficiaries and stakeholders in the 26 sub-districts in the Idleb governorate, Syria. The computational results demonstrate that the proposed approaches ensure practical and theoretical impacts.
Assessment Methods for Evaluation of Recommender Systems: A Survey
Authors: Kuanr Madhusree , Mohapatra Puspanjali
Published: December 2021

The recommender system (RS) filters out important information from a large pool of dynamically generated information to set some important decisions in terms of some recommendations according to the user’s past behavior, preferences, and interests. A recommender system is the subclass of information filtering systems that can anticipate the needs of the user before the needs are recognized by the user in the near future. But an evaluation of the recommender system is an important factor as it involves the trust of the user in the system. Various incompatible assessment methods are used for the evaluation of recommender systems, but the proper evaluation of a recommender system needs a particular objective set by the recommender system. This paper surveys and organizes the concepts and definitions of various metrics to assess recommender systems. Also, this survey tries to find out the relationship between the assessment methods and their categorization by type.
Molinism’s Value in Easing Mistrust of God Stemming From Suffering and Divine Silence
Authors: Breitenbach Zachary
Published: December 2021

One issue that sometimes produces mistrust of God in the life of a Christian is God’s perceived silence when He allows a trial to enter the believer’s life—especially when the believer has been faithfully praying that God would not allow it and there is no evident reason why God would not answer this prayer. This paper examines the nature of trust and some key reasons why it is difficult to trust God. It then argues that accepting the truth of human libertarian freedom and divine middle knowledge provides a powerful basis for thinking that God has meticulous providential control over the world without implicating God in evil, and this can help believers to trust God when they face trials and wrestle with His silence and apparent unresponsiveness to prayer.
Consistency and Fairness of Property Valuation for Compensation for Land and Improvements in Zimbabwe
Authors: Paradza Partson , Yacim Joseph Awoamim , Zulch Benita
Published: December 2021

Property valuation for compensation of expropriated properties in Zimbabwe has been characterised by inconsistencies for decades. Previous studies have noted that displaced people are dissatisfied with the compensation paid by the expropriating authority. Even though many academic works were done on expropriation and compensation in Zimbabwe, issues surrounding consistency in property valuation practices and fairness of compensation paid remain unresearched. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to close this gap. Data for this study were collected through primary sources (questionnaire surveys to members of the compensation committee, private property valuers, designated property valuers and former commercial farmers) and secondary sources (literature surveys including a review of statutes, official reports, books, journals, and newsletters). Findings reveal that there is inconsistency in property valuation for expropriation, no clear legal definition of what constitutes fair compensation, and that views on the fairness of the compensation paid for expropriated properties in Zimbabwe are divergent. The study suggests that there is a need to review existing expropriation and compensation laws in Zimbabwe to create consistency in practice, thereby improving the fairness in the amount of compensation paid to the displaced person(s).
The method of detection and localization of configuration defects in geodetic networks by means of Tikhonov regularization
Authors: Kadaj Roman
Published: December 2021

In adjusted geodetic networks, cases of local configuration defects (defects in the geometric structure of the network due to missing data or errors in point numbering) can be encountered, which lead to the singularity of the normal equation system in the least-squares procedure. Numbering errors in observation sets cause the computer program to define the network geometry incorrectly. Another cause of a defect may be accidental omission of certain data records, causing local indeterminacy or lowering of local reliability rates in a network. Obviously, the problem of a configuration defect may be easily detectable in networks with a small number of points. However, it becomes a real problem in large networks, where manual checking of all data becomes a very expensive task. The paper presents a new strategy for the detection of configuration defects with the use of the Tikhonov regularization method. The method was implemented in 1992 in the GEONET system (www.geonet.net.pl).
Evaluation of the Environmental Sustainability of Hemp as a Building Material, through Life Cycle Assessment
Authors: Di Capua Salvatore Emanuele , Paolotti Luisa , Moretti Elisa , Rocchi Lucia , Boggia Antonio
Published: December 2021

Environmental issues, especially those related to the over-exploitation of natural resources, are leading towards considering alternative solutions and new approaches, such as the circular economy. Currently, some key elements of the circular economy approach are sustainable procurement of raw materials, improvement of production processes and ecological design, adoption of more sustainable distribution and consumption models, development of secondary raw material markets. This work aims to analyse the use of hemp as a building material, replacing traditional construction materials, but respecting at the same time the thermal, insulating and acoustic characteristics required in the construction of a building. The methodology used was Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), which considered the hemp cultivation phase and the production phase of hemp-lime (“hempcrete”) walls. The hempcrete product was compared with two different solutions: a hemp and lime block, and a traditional perforated brick block with external insulation in polystyrene. In particular, the differences among the products in terms of embodied energy and net CO2 emissions were analysed. Results showed that the hempcrete wall had better environmental performances than the other two solutions.
Беженцы в международном праве: история, теория, практика. (Рецензия на монографию Ибрагимова A.M. «Международно-правовое положение беженцев». - Махачкала: Издательство «Юпитер», 2000.- 192 с.)
Authors: Иванов Д. В.
Published: December 2021

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Компетенция судов общей юрисдикции рассматривать предпринимательские споры с участием иностранных лиц в свете нового АПК РФ
Authors: Муранов А. И.
Published: December 2021

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Куйбышев дипломатический (1941 год)
Authors: Красов С. И.
Published: December 2021

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Израиль: государство и религия
Authors: Воробьев В. П.
Published: December 2021

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Новый порядок взаимного исполнения актов арбитражных судов России и хозяйственных судов Белоруссии. Соглашение от 17 января 2001 г. : значение и проблемы
Authors: Муранов А. И.
Published: December 2021

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Международное право и Глобальная правовая система
Authors: Шумилов В. М.
Published: December 2021

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Excessive gingival display: differences in diagnosis and management by periodontists and dermatologists in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alaskar Mansour , Almoharib Hani , Alamri Fahad , Alshehri Fahad , Alfuhaid Naif , Alharbi Mani
Published: December 2021

Background: Excessive gingival display (EGD), commonly known as a \"gummy smile,\" is defined as overexposure of the maxillary gingiva (>3 mm) when smiling. The prevalence of EGD ranges from 10.5% to 29% of the population worldwide. Multiple factors contribute to EGD, including dental, skeletal, and muscular etiologies. Various treatments for EGD include both surgical and nonsurgical approaches.
Objectives: This study aimed to identify the similarities and differences in diagnosis and treatment strategies used by periodontists and dermatologists for EGD.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out based on the results obtained using a digital survey. A questionnaire focusing on the study objectives was formulated using Google Docs and distributed to specialty practitioners via their institutional email accounts. The first section of the questionnaire collected socio-demographic information from the physician participants. The second section explored their familiarity with EGD, including the different clinical variables, diagnostic measures, and potential treatments. Statistical analysis was carried out using Fisher\'s exact test.
Results: Fifty respondents (both male and female) representing various academic levels and institutions in Saudi Arabia participated in this study. Most of the participants from both specialties were familiar with EGD (p = 0.05); however, patient selection varied significantly based on the extent (in mm) of preoperative gingival display (p < 0.001). The participants also differed in their preferred approach to the management of EGD due to different causes.
Conclusion: The findings presented in this study revealed the strengths and limitations of the management strategies used by these specialists. Taken together, our findings demonstrated the importance of a shared training program and ongoing collaboration to optimize the treatment of EGD.
THE EFFECT OF ENTERPRISE RISK MANAGEMENT, KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT, AND ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON ORGANIZATIONAL RESILIENCE
Authors: Arfiansyah Zef
Published: December 2021

This study aims to identify the influence of Enterprise Risk Management, Knowledge Management, and Organizational Culture on the company's ability to survive in an ever-changing environment. This research is a quantitative study using primary data. The data were obtained through a questionnaire distributed to accountants who held the lowest supervisory positions in private Indonesian companies. With a sample of 103 respondents, the data were processed using linear regression. This study found that in the context of companies in Indonesia, Enterprise Risk Management and Organizational Culture can increase Organizational Resilience. However, this study failed to prove the role of Knowledge Management in Organizational Resilience. This study provides contributions in both managerial and theoretical aspects. In the managerial aspect, this study implies ERM and organization culture are elements that should be implemented so that companies can survive in a volatile environment. From a theoretical point of view, this research has proven that in the long term ERM is able to maintain organizational resilience. Besides, this study also indicates that knowledge management is still not widely applied by companies in Indonesia. For this reason, the attention of management so that knowledge management is applied needs to be improved.
Typological models of legal regulation of matrimonial relations through the prism of comparative approach in private law
Authors: Parii-Sergeenko Evgeniya Pavlovna
Published: December 2021

This article outlines a number of typological models of legal regulation of matrimonial relations using the method of comparative-legal analysis. Leaning on the formal-legal approach, analysis is conducted on certain typological models. First and foremost, the author explores the model that is based on inclusion of the norms of family law in the Civil Code. It features two basic modifications that take roots in the reference European codifications of civil law: French (institutional) and German (pandect). Another typological model under review relies on coexistence of the two separate codes within the national legal system: civil and family. The typological distinctness characterizes the model that is based on inclusion of the norms of special statutes dedicated to family law in the Single Civil Code (for example, PRC). The development of family law may take the path of adoption of separate legislative acts (UK, USA). In some instances, federative nature of the country may also affect the development of the system of sources of family law. The countries with pluralistic legal system, either have exclusive jurisdiction over matters of family law (for example, Israel), or stimulate the processes of its modernization through adoption of a special law (for example, India). The author believes that the formal-legal criterion of typology should be correlated with the substantive aspect of the matter. From this perspective, the author highlight the two trends in regulation of matrimonial relations: the first is associated with strengthening of public law principles, while the second is associated with private law principles. The typological model depends on the dynamics of their ratio.
Modern everyday realities in neo-phraseological locutions
Authors: Kovaleva Anastasiya Vyacheslavovna
Published: December 2021

This article examines the ability of the language to include new everyday realities in neologisms, namely in recently formed phraseological locutions in the German language. The Russian phraseological units (primarily idioms) are involved for comparative purposes. It is demonstrated that the process of creating phraseological units is not left far back in the past, but remains to the present day. The article considers one of the aspects of figurative reflection of reality by means of phraseological neologisms that emerged in the XIX and XX centuries. Phraseological locutions, and idioms in particular, which designate everyday realities, incorporate valuable information on the historical and cultural life of the country of the studied language. The conclusion is made on the degree of reflection of everyday realities in phraseology, as well as on possibility of using phraseology for reconstruction of representations on the life of people of a particular generation. Most of the time, neo-phraseological locutions occur in the language through the metaphor based on figurative reinterpretation of the phenomenon, or relevant situation. Restoration of the resemblance of situation may contribute to using phraseology for reconstructing the representations on the life of people of a particular generation. However, restoration of the image of the past is not always accurate. The emergence of certain phraseological units correlates with a particular historical situation or event.
Vítreo Primário Hiperplásico Persistente (PHPV) posterior unilateral: implicações do diagnóstico tardio
Authors: Coelho Vinicio Tadeu da Silva , Araújo Marlon Nielsen , Foureaux Emílio Castellar Macedo
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: Relatar um caso de Vítreo Primário Hiperplásico Persistente (PHPV) posterior e unilateral em uma criança, destacando a importância do diagnóstico precoce para um melhor prognóstico. Detalhamento do caso: Criança de dois anos, masculino, veio ao nosso serviço conduzido pela mãe, referindo que o filho estava com dificuldades para enxergar. Ao exame oftalmológico verificou-se: pupilas simétricas e isofotorreagentes, reflexo vermelho da retina sob midríase binocular, preservado em Olho Esquerdo (OE) e leucocoria no Olho Direito (OD). Retinografia do OE sem alterações aparentes, OD dobras retinianas com aspecto fibroso, opaco, grosseiro e de aparência irregular, cobrindo todo o fundo do olho e envolvendo a região macular. Vasos retinianos centrais não visíveis e na região periférica apresentam baixa nitidez. Ecografia oftálmica do olho direito apresentou ecos de membrana do vítreo primário posterior ao longo do eixo axial, visivelmente aderia ao disco óptico. Considerações finais: Neste estudo, diagnosticou-se tardiamente a PHPV posterior no globo ocular direito. A implicação da conduta foi expectante devido ao quadro evoluído, além das alterações em várias estruturas anatômicas do OD. Advertimos a importância da avaliação ocular nos recém-nascidos, evitando assim, o diagnóstico e tratamento tardios reduzindo lesões futuras com comprometimento estético e visual.
Saúde mental em tempos de pandemia da COVID-19: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Moreira Raquel do Carmo Hubner , D’Assumpção Maria Gabriela Elias , Souza Aline Ferreira de , Costa Camila Moreira , Pereira Gabriela Roque , Paiva Isabela Guedes , Mata Mabeli Ribeiro da , Sena Paula Moreira , Miranda Victor Gonçalves , Filho Maurício Lacerda Caldeira
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: Discutir a saúde mental no contexto da pandemia da doença do Coronavírus 2019 (COVID-19). Revisão bibliográfica: diante da pandemia causada pela COVID-19, declarada em março de 2020, pela Organização Mundial da Saúde, vários estudos vêm demonstrando um maior risco de desenvolvimento de síndromes psiquiátricas nos pacientes com COVID-19, bem como nos profissionais da saúde da “linha de frente”. As causas propostas incluem alterações neurológicas, consequentes à infecção pelo vírus e o estresse gerado pela situação pandêmica, como as medidas de isolamento social adotadas, o receio de transmitir a doença inadvertidamente para amigos e familiares e as perdas financeiras. Outro fator considerado importante é a sobrecarga de trabalho com a grande quantidade de pacientes e perda de médicos e enfermeiros por morte ou afastamento por doença. Considerações finais: É imprescindível a estruturação de uma rede de apoio psicológico e psiquiátrico para os indivíduos mais afetados pela pandemia, de modo a possibilitar intervenções precoces, se necessárias.
FLORE DES POPULATIONS DE FRÊNE DIMORPHE (Fraxinus dimorpha Coss. & Durieu) DANS L’ATLAS SAHARIEN (MONTS DES KSOURS, ALGÉRIE OCCIDENTALE)
Authors: HADJADJ Kouider , GUERINE Lakhdar , DERDOUR Abdessamed
Published: December 2021

Fraxinus dimorpha est une espèce de montagne qui se présente souvent sous forme de petites sous-populations, en particulier dans les monts des Ksours (sud-ouest de l'Algérie). Ce travail porte sur l'étude systématique de la flore et la signification phytogéographique et biologique de la diversité floristique des peuplements de Fraxinus dimorpha dans cette région. Un total de 188 espèces appartenant à 40 familles et 145 genres a été identifié, dont seulement 6 figurent sur la liste des espèces protégées en Algérie. L'étude du spectre biogéographique des espèces inventoriées montre la dominance des taxons méditerranéens (66,4 %). L'analyse des types biologiques révèle la prédominance des thérophytes sur les autres formes de vie (36,7 %).
MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF DYNAMICS OF SMALL ENTERPRISES WITH ACCOUNT OF MEMORY EFFECTS
Authors: Гафурова Э.А. , Михайлов Ю.Л. , Грушко Ю.В. , Паровик Р.И. , Кашутина И.А.
Published: December 2021

The paper proposes a new mathematical model of the dynamics of small enterprises with the participation of foreign investment, which takes into account the memory effect and affects the rate of change in the value of production assets. This memory effect can be considered as a property of the economic environment, for example, the influence on the production of external factors, in which the cost of production assets will depend on its previous values. This non-local effect can be written in terms of a fractional order derivative. In this paper, we will assume that the order of the fractional derivative is a function of time. Therefore, we will solve the initial model equation using numerical methods of the theory of finite difference schemes. Further, in the work, visualization and interpretation of the calculation result was carried out.

В работе предложена новая математическая модель динамики малых предприятий с участием внешних инвестиций, которая учитывает эффект памяти и влияет на темп изменения стоимости производственных фондов. Этот эффект памяти можно рассматривать как свойство экономической среды, например, влияние на производство внешних факторов, при которых стоимость производственных фондов будет зависеть от предыдущих ее значений. Этот нелокальный эффект можно записать в терминах производной дробного порядка. В работе мы будем считать, что порядок дробной производной — функция от времени. Поэтому исходное модельное уравнение мы будем решать с помощью численных методов теории конечно-разностных схем. Далее в работе проведена визуализация и интерпретация результата расчетов.
DIRCHLET PROBLEM FOR A NONLOCAL WAVE EQUATION WITH RIEMANN-LIOUVILLE DERIVATIVE
Authors: Масаева О.Х.
Published: December 2021

Доказано существование и единственность решения задачи Дирихле для уравнения второго порядка с дробной производной. Исследуемое уравнение переходит в волновое уравнение при целом значении порядка дробной производной

The existence and uniqueness of the solution to Dirichlet problem for a secondorder equation with a fractional derivative is proved. The equation under study is a wave equation for a integer value of the order of the fractional derivative.
VLF LIGHTNING DIRECTION FINDER
Authors: Дружин Г.И. , Пухов В.М. , Санников Д.В. , Малкин Е.И.
Published: December 2021

Для исследования мощных электромагнитных излучений от гроз в Институте космофизических исследований и распространения радиоволн ДВО РАН создан ОНЧ пеленгатор, способный записывать сигналы электрических и магнитных компонент электромагнитного поля, определять направления прихода излучений в реальном времени. С помощью ОНЧпеленгатора на Камчатке исследованы эффекты, связанные с грозовыми источниками.

For the study of powerful electromagnetic radiation from thunderstorms, a VLF direction finder was created at the Institute of Cosmophysical Research and Radio Wave Propagation of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, capable of recording signals of electrical and magnetic components of the electromagnetic field, and determining the direction of radiation arrival in real time. With the help of VLF direction finder in Kamchatka, the effects associated with thunderstorm sources are investigated.