bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phyto-phospholipid Complex Vesicles:A Revolutionary Approach for Enhancing Bioavailability and Optimizing Therapeutic Potential in Herbal Medicine
Authors: Chandrakar Ruchika , Vyas Amber , Kumar Narendra , Sahu Umakant , Jain Vishal
Published: December 2024

The medicinal potential of phytoconstituents obtained from plants is widely recognized. Whole-plant extracts or isolated phytoconstituents have been shown through experiments to exhibit a variety of medicinal potentials, including antibacterial, neurologically protective, liver-protective properties, an antioxidant and skin-protective properties. Although these phytoconstituents offer potential therapeutic effects, their usage is restricted due to inadequate bioavailability, persistence in physiological fluids, and authenticity problems. These remain unresolved issues that impact the use of these priceless traditional herbal remedies in the efficient management and treatment of a range of medical ailments. Phytoconstituents’ loading in phospholipid-based vesicular systems may be a way to tackle these challenging issues. The goal of this review is to summarize phyto-phospholipid vesicles and some of their relevant uses in drug delivery systems, as well as to emphasize the relationship between properties and applications, as well as the effect of phospholipid species on drug delivery efficiency. Based on the findings of various research investigations, this literature review attempts to investigate why Phyto-phospholipid vesicles are considered as the best nanotechnology in delivery systems for drugs. Optimal absorption and utilization of nutraceuticals and herbal medications can be enhanced by the process of Phyto phospholipid complexation.
A Study on Polyherbal Skin Ointment: Formulation and Evaluation
Authors: Agrawal Isha , Jangde Pratik , Bhardwaj Mayank , Saxena Alka , Sahu Bharti , Pereira Andrea , Kolla Varaprasad
Published: December 2024

The skin is the protective outermost covering of the human body. It is highly exposed to the external environment making it prone to harsh changing environmental conditions, wide range of organisms and hence infections. The long term usage of chemical preparations to protect the skin can be very harmful. The use of plant parts/ herbs in medicine has been an traditional Indian practice. Phytochemicals found in plant extracts demonstrate antimicrobial activity that help fight infections and are long-term safe for use without any side effects. In this research we have prepared and evaluated a polyherbal ointment. Water-based extracts of raw turmeric (Curcuma longa), nutmeg (Myristica fragrans), marigold (Calendula officinalis), neem (Azadirachta indica), and orange (Citrus sinensis) peel were prepared. Alkaloids, saponins, and tannins were among the phytochemicals found in the extracts. Their susceptibility to antibiotics was examined against Staphylococcus aureus, with Ciprofloxacin as a positive control. All extracts demonstrated antibacterial activity with a varying Zone of inhibition. The herbal ointment was prepared using all the extracts after determining their Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations. The evaluated herbal ointment demonstrated antibacterial sensitivity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Further, the formulated polyherbal ointment demonstrated high antibacterial sensitivity against skin bacteria when compared to a few commercially available creams. Further, when compared to a few commercially available creams the formulated polyherbal ointment demonstrated higher antibacterial activity.
Boş Zaman Katılımının Yaşam Kalitesine Etkisinde İş Tatmininin Aracı Rolü
Authors: Aydın İbrahim , Yavuz Ercan
Published: December 2024

Boş zaman etkinlikleri insanların dinlenmelerine, eğlenmelerine, öğrenmelerine ve sosyal bağlantılarını güçlendirmelerine yardımcı olarak yaşam kalitesi algısının yükselmesine katkı sağlamaktadır. Diğer taraftan, iş yaşamından duyulan memnuniyet ve tatmin duygusu bireylere boş zamanlarında daha olumlu deneyimler yaşatmakta ve yaşam kalitesi algısını olumlu yönde etkilemektedir. Araştırmada, işgörenlerin boş zaman katılımı durumlarının yaşam kalitesi düzeyine etkisinde iş tatmini durumlarının aracı rolünün tespit edilmesi ve boş zaman katılımı alt boyutlarını oluşturan rekreasyonel, üretici, sosyal ve bilişsel aktivitelerin yaşam kalitesi ve iş tatmini üzerindeki etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu bağlamda değişkenler arasındaki ilişki, etki ve aracı rol durumunun tespit edilmesi amacıyla nicel araştırma yöntemleri arasında yer alan ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanılarak araştırmanın modeli ve hipotezleri oluşturulmuştur. Araştırmanın örneklem grubu Kırşehir ilinde faaliyet gösteren kurumlarda/işletmelerde çalışan işgörenlerden oluşturulmuş ve nicel veri toplama yöntemlerinden anket tekniği kullanılarak saha araştırması yapılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular sonucunda boş zaman katılımının yaşam kalitesi üzerinde anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olduğu, boş zaman katılımının iş tatmini üzerinde anlamlı etkiye sahip olduğu, iş tatmininin yaşam kalitesi üzerinde anlamlı etkiye sahip olduğu ve boş zaman katılımının yaşam kalitesi üzerindeki etkisinde iş tatmininin kısmi aracı rolünün bulunduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Boş zaman katılımı alt boyutlarından sosyal aktiviteler ve rekreasyonel aktivitelerin yaşam kalitesini anlamlı ve pozitif yönde etkilediği, üretici aktivitelerin ve bilişsel aktivitelerin yaşam kalitesi üzerinde herhangi bir anlamlı etkisinin bulunmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca sosyal aktiviteler ve rekreasyonel aktivitelerin iş tatminini anlamlı ve pozitif yönde etkilediği, bilişsel aktivitelerin ise iş tatmini üzerinde herhangi bir anlamlı etkisinin bulunmadığı görülmüştür.
Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Birinci Sınıf Öğrencilerinde Dunning-Kruger Etkisinin Araştırılması
Authors: Dal Nihal , Balıkçı İlker , Işık Utku , Tok Serdar
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmada, eğitim psikolojisi derslerine ilişkin beş farklı akademik sınavda Dunning-Kruger etkisinin üniversite öğrencileri arasında gözlemlenip gözlemlenmediğini incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemi, 19-23 yaşları arasında, yerel bir üniversitede öğrenim gören 44 üniversite öğrencisinden oluşmuştur. Katılımcılar, bir saatlik bir eğitim psikolojisi dersinin hemen ardından, her biri on sorudan oluşan beş sınavı tamamlamışlardır. Her sınavın sonunda, katılımcılar hem not tahminlerini hem de bu tahminlere olan güven düzeylerini bildirmiş, ayrıca sınav zorluk düzeylerini değerlendirmiştir. İstatistiksel analizden önce, her bir sınavın medyanı esas alınarak katılımcılar yüksek ve düşük performans gösteren öğrenciler olarak iki gruba ayrılmıştır. Katılımcıların not tahminlerinin doğruluğu, tahmin edilen not ile gerçek not arasındaki fark üzerinden hesaplanmıştır. Daha sonra, düşük ve yüksek performans gösteren öğrenciler arasında not tahminlerinin doğruluğu, tahmine olan güven düzeyi ve sınav zorluğu algısı açısından farklılıkların olup olmadığını belirlemek amacıyla bir dizi eşleştirilmiş örneklem t-testi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analiz sonuçları, dört sınavda yüksek ve düşük performans gösteren gruplar arasında not tahminleri, tahminlere olan güven ve algılanan sınav zorluğu açısından anlamlı bir fark bulunmadığını ortaya konmuştur. Bununla birlikte, düşük performans gösteren öğrencilerin, tahmin ettikleri not ile gerçek notları arasındaki farkın daha büyük olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Diğer bir deyişle, beş sınavın dördünde, düşük performans gösteren öğrenciler, yüksek performans gösteren öğrencilere kıyasla notlarını daha fazla abartma eğilimi göstermiştir.
Identity: from Erik Erikson to Alexandr Zinoviev. a reading perspective
Authors: Lupan Silvia
Published: December 2024

This article employs a transdisciplinary approach to examine the concept of identity. It presents an overview of the various definitions proposed by philosophers, psychologists, and sociologists. In light of these concepts, our objective is to illustrate how the communist regime in Eastern Europe, through its colonial policies, was able to alter the identity of the initial generations of colonised peoples. Furthermore, the subsequent generations were rendered completely disarticulated due to the absence of historical memory. Consequently, creative individuals were compelled to either adhere to the prescribed Method, to embark on internal exile, or to seek exile in another state, should such an option be available.
The identity discourse behind cookbooks. Promoting traditional gastronomical identity – „then” and „now”
Authors: Poting Tatiana
Published: December 2024

This article seeks to examine the principles and means of promoting traditional gastronomic specifics in different historical periods, as indicated in the title by the phrases „then” and „now”. The term „then” refers to the Soviet period, during which Moldovan cuisine was part of a highly diverse culinary conglomerate. In contrast, the term „now” represents the present day of the Republic of Moldova. The primary objective of this research is to identify the trends and role of traditional cuisine in the process of ethnocultural identification across different historical periods. In the analysis of the contemporary period, we examine the modern technologies that facilitate the promotion of traditional cuisine on the international stage, as well as the significant contribution of the diaspora in this process. Our findings indicate that the most effective means of promotion are cookbooks, culinary blogs, and traditional restaurants.
Islamic Law for the Colonists
Authors: Wright Brian
Published: December 2024

This paper is an exploration of the role of the Muslim law officer, or Mufti, in the legal system of British India. Using 400 cases of homicide adjudicated in the courts of Bengal and the Northwestern Provinces from January 1853 to December 1854, the paper argues that Muftis utilised the Islamic concept of siyasah to adapt Islamic jurisprudence regarding the establishment of intent and the categorisation of punishment. This was done to both accommodate overlapping British understandings of the law and ensure that criminals were punished according to shifting conceptions of justice during the nineteenth century.
A Critical Discourse Analysis of the National Islam and Foreign Islam in the Australian Press
Authors: GHAURI MUHAMMAD  JUNAID , UMBER SALMA
Published: December 2024

Recent studies conducted in the UK, US, and Europe have highlighted the major differences regarding coverage of internal (i.e., National) Islam and external (i.e., Foreign) Islam, with foreign Islam covered and viewed as the greater threat. This paper explores the prominent themes of National Islam and Foreign Islam in the editorials of Australian newspapers in the period from January 1, 2016 to March 31, 2017. Employing Teun A. van Dijk’s (b. 1943) ideological square and lexicalisation approaches within the critical discourse analysis paradigm, this study examined editorials from two leading newspapers: “The Australian” and “The Age.” The findings show that both newspapers focused and highlighted conflict, violence, and collectivism regarding Islam and Muslims while covering Foreign Islam, with “The Australian” highlighting the underrepresentation of women as well. On the other hand, when discussing National Islam, “The Age” focused on victimisation and prejudice towards Muslims in Australia and emphasised the need for understanding, harmony, and cohesion. On the contrary, “The Australian” associated National Islam with the same themes associated with Foreign Islam i.e., violence, collectivism, conflict, and women underrepresentation.
Seyyed Hossein Nasr’s Works on Environmental Issues
Authors: SAYEM MD. ABU
Published: December 2024

This review essay focuses synthesising Seyyed Hossein Nasr’s (b. 1933) views on ecological questions through a critical analysis of his works on eco-religious understanding from a practical perspective. It aims to make the reader familiar with Nasr’s eco-philosophical and eco-spiritual thought and show how he connects the present ecological issues with religious and spiritual traditions of the world, making a significant contribution to sustaining the environment. In so doing, the survey is expected to enrich the current discussions of ecological issues from religious perspectives.
Keywords
Seyyed Hossein Nasr, environment, ecology, eco-religious perspective.
The History of Sufism in Multan
Authors: TOUSEEF MUHAMMAD , PAPAS ALEXANDRE
Published: December 2024

The medieval history of Sufism in Multan is relatively well known. A figure such as the famous Suhrawardi Shaykh Baha’ al-Din Zakariyya from the thirteenth century embodies this prestigious period. Our article shows that the Sufi brotherhoods have continued to flourish until today, far beyond what traditional historiography describes. Using unexplored sources—mostly modern Urdu hagiographies devoted to the sacred history of Multan—we reconstruct the biography and the bibliography of many Sufi shaykhs as well as the lineages, especially Qadiri and Chishti, from which they come; we identify several mausoleums and lodges across the city; eventually, we reveal the existence of marginal mystics who marked the religious memory of this heritage city of the Pakistani Punjab.
The Nabi-Rasul in Arabian/Semitic Religious Tradition
Authors: YUSUF IMTIYAZ
Published: December 2024

As the carriers of the message and practice of monotheism defined differently in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, the nabi and rasul translated as prophets occupy a central position in the Arabian/Semitic history of religion and its geographic space. This paper is based on the theory of history of religions. It views Arabia—the expanded geographic land space between Mesopotamia, Palestine, and Arabian Peninsula, which is the home ground of the religious contest between monotheism and polytheism—as a religious territory and not as a map. The contest between monotheism and polytheism in Arabia lies at the heart of religious, social, and economic disorder, chaos, and injustice, which obstructs the sustenance of equality, justice, and fraternity based on monotheism. The paper focuses on the religious role of Muhammad (peace be upon him) as a post-Judeo-Christian prophet in Arabia by expounding on the meaning of revelation in Islam as being a scripture and the role of Prophet Muhammad as a human exemplar. The last part of this paper explores the humanness of Prophet Muhammad and the divineness of an unseen, imageless Allah—two religious dimensions of the Qur’anic world view, which shape the daily life of a Muslim as an individual, his/her piety, and social engagement—representing life and thought.
Islamisation of Restitution of Conjugal Rights by the Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan
Authors: CHEEMA SHAHBAZ AHMAD
Published: December 2024

In Pakistan’s constitutional dispensation, the Federal Shariat Court (FSC) is empowered to ascertain the invalidity of laws from the perspective of Islamic injunctions. The paper problematises the constitutional authority of the FSC by exploring the process of Islamisation of the suit for restitution of conjugal rights (RCR). The RCR was grafted during British colonial era onto Muslim personal law (Anglo-Muhammadan Law) as applied in Indian subcontinent. This has recently been held by the FSC to be in consonance with injunctions of Islam. In this background, the paper raises some questions as to the jurisdiction of the court and how that jurisdiction/authority is exercised. It posits that the “default legal system” is placed at a privileged position and its Islamic validity is presumed to be well established, unless it is questioned on the basis of definitive verses of the Qur’an and unequivocal sayings of Prophet Muhammad (peace be on him). It is the outcome of this judicial approach that the FSC has sanctified from Islamic perspective an instrument (i.e., RCR) that is peculiar to the Christian ideal of monogamous and indissoluble marriage, without having any plausible foundation in Islamic legal sources.
Polygamy and Second Marriage under Muslim Family Law in Pakistan
Authors: Zubair Abbasi Muhammad , Cheema Shahbaz Ahmad
Published: December 2024

Under classical Islamic family law, a husband has the right to enter into a maximum of four marriages at a time. State regulation under the Muslim Family Laws Ordinance 1961 (MFLO), however, has restricted such privilege of husbands by requiring them to get permission for their polygamous marriages from the Union Council based on valid reason. Failure to do so is a criminal offence liable to punishment including imprisonment and fine. In addition to surveying the statutes and case law on the regulation of polygamy, this paper analyzes the impact of second marriage of parents on their right to the custody of children. Based on this analysis, we argue that the official Muslim family law in Pakistan prefers monogamy not only by regulating polygamous marriages, but also by denying the right of custody of children to polygamous husbands.
The Impact of Abū ’l-A‘lā Maudūdī and Jamā‘at-i Islāmī on the Intellectual Career of Maryam Jameelah
Authors: Ahmad Zohaib
Published: December 2024

Maryam Jameelah (1934–2012) was a Jew by birth, but she embraced Islam as her final religion. In 1962, on the invitation of Abū ’l-A‘lā Maudūdī (1903–1979), she migrated to Pakistan. The literature shows that she was influenced by the works of Maudūdī and supported his politico-religious movement, Jamā‘at-i Islāmī. The present study, however, argues—based on the analysis of her published and unpublished works—that her writing career can be divided into two phases. In the first phase (roughly from 1962 to 1969), she supported Maudūdī and his mission while in the second phase (1969–2012), she started controverting his ideas and criticized his certain views, considering him an advocate of modernism. Thus, on the one hand, she regarded him as a mujaddid of his time, but on the other hand, she considered him a supporter of evolutionism and progressivism, who had contempt for the tradition. This paper further highlights that though her writings appear to support Jamā‘at-i Islāmī, but she never became a formal member of it or any other movement during her stay in Pakistan.
A Critique of Salafī Contributions to the Science of Ḥadīth
Authors: Vahedi Massoud
Published: December 2024

This article attempts to highlight many of the weaknesses, inconsistencies, and contradictions found in the methods of key Salafī figures in the field of ḥadīth. First, despite his lofty status amongst many of his followers as being the standard of authenticity in the field of ḥadīth, Muḥammad Nāṣir al-Dīn al-Albānī (d. 1999) based his ḥadīth grading methodology on a number of faulty approaches, such as relying on oversimplified biographical dictionaries for narrators and giving far little attention to the last two negative conditions (i.e., absence of anomalies and hidden defects) of authenticity. The relative disregard of these two conditions would actually cause al-Albānī to fall into some serious contradictions. Second, the approach of some Salafī figures in their use of Prophetic traditions for legal reasoning is just as problematic. The Saudi scholar Muḥammad b. Ṣāliḥ b. al-‘Uthaymīn (d. 2001) in theory rejected the citation or use of weak ḥadīths for deducing legal rulings. However, he occasionally violated his own principle, citing weak reports from the Sunan of al-Dāraquṭnī to justify his legal positions or to refute opposing views. The upshot of the research article is that leading Salafī approaches in the science of ḥadīth are not logically consistent and are marred with a number of contradictions that are in need of further study.
The Judiciary-led Islamization of Family Law in Pakistan
Authors: Sabreen Mudasra
Published: December 2024

According to the Constitution of Pakistan 1973, Pakistan is an Islamic Republic in which any law against the Qur’ān and sunnah is void. In Pakistan, Muslim family law is largely based on Islamic law, but the law is not detailed. Lack of detailed legislation gives the courts huge discretion, which sometimes results in contradictory decisions. According to Martin Lau and others, Islamization in Pakistan has been a judiciary-led process. While interpreting the law and exercising discretion, Pakistani courts sometimes differ with the established schools of Islamic law, exercise ijtihād, and occasionally extend or modify Islamic law. The examples include the cases related to the khul‘, legitimacy of children, and custody of children by mother or father after separation between the spouses. While some scholars have criticized the deviations of the courts from the established schools of Islamic law, considering the courts incapable of exercising ijtihād, the court decisions in Pakistan have been pro women and human rights. They take into consideration social needs and values while deciding family law cases. This paper analyzes a number of case law to help us understand the approach of Pakistani judiciary to interpretation and application of Muslim family law.
Discourse on the Legality of Rebellion in the Manuals of Creed with Focus on the Ḥanafī and Shāfi‘ī Jurists
Authors: Tabassum Sadia
Published: December 2024

The present paper digs out the manuals of creed written by eminent jurists of the Ḥanafī and Shāfi‘ī schools of law so as to expound the position of Islamic law on the issue of resistance against unjust rulers and usurpers. The reason for this is that discussions on this issue are found in the works on creed (called al-fiqh al-akbar), not in the books of law-proper (fiqh). These discussions revolve around the concepts of prohibition of mischief and disorder, the obligation of commanding good and forbidding evil, and choosing the lesser of the two evils. Abū Ḥanīfah, the founder of the Ḥanafī school of law, held that an unjust person or the one who committed major sins was not entitled to rule the Muslim community. However, he did not allow the attempt to forcibly remove such a ruler as that might lead to bloodshed and disorder, unless it could be proved that it was the lesser of the two evils. Moreover, he was of the view that all the lawful commands of such an unjust ruler must be obeyed until he remained in power. Thus, while denying legitimacy to an unjust ruler, Abū Ḥanīfah accepted the consequences of the de facto authority for such a ruler under the doctrine of necessity. The paper shows that the same approach was later adopted by the Shāfi‘ī jurists Imām al-Ḥaramayn al-Juwaynī and his illustrious disciple Abū Ḥāmid al-Ghazālī. The paper also disproves the theory preached by some contemporary scholars that al-Juwaynī and al-Ghazālī accepted the validity of two caliphs at one time. It shows that they meant administrators (umarā’, sing. amīr), not caliphs and that they emphatically asserted the need of having one caliph for the whole Muslim ummah.
Al-Fatāwā al-‘Ālamgīriyyah
Authors: Abbasi Muhammad Zubair
Published: December 2024

Al-Fatāwā al-‘Ālamgīriyyah is a significant contribution of Indian Muslim jurists to the corpus of the Ḥanafī school. It was a compendium of the Ḥanafī authoritative rulings. At the behest of the Mughal Emperor, Aurangzēb ‘Ālamgīr, a board of jurists from various parts of India worked jointly to produce this compendium of Ḥanafī fiqh. It closely followed the Ḥanafī legal tradition by adopting the scheme of chapters of the famous Ḥanafī treatise, the Hidāyah and contributed to the legal literature by including various chapters on legal practice and procedural law. The analysis of the contents of al-Fatāwā al-‘Ālamgīriyyah and contemporary historical evidence suggests that it performed the functions of a legal code in the historical context in which it was compiled though it was not the exclusive source of legal norms in the administrative structure of the Mughal Empire.
Ṭahārah
Authors: Khan Mir Baiz
Published: December 2024

Tahārah, purity in Arabic, is one of the primary principles of interpretation of the Islamic faith in the Ismā‘īlī intellectual and spiritual traditions. This article, drawing on the primary sources, explores the concept of purity and purification as it appears in the Qur’ān. Besides physical cleanliness related to the human body, hygiene, and dwelling and praying spaces, the article investigates the concept in an abstract sense, that is, interpreting it through sources of authority as to how it is understood in terms of thought, behaviour, and belief. It concludes that for Ismā‘īlīs, the imām is the person who has the authority to interpret the faith and his knowledge and guidance are the sources of purification.
Unconscious Structures and Cultural Order: Reexploring The Lévi-Straussian Structuralist Project in Contemporary Anthropology
Authors: Duche Pérez Aleixandre Brian , Gutiérrez Aguilar Olger Albino
Published: December 2024

This article examines Claude Lévi-Strauss’s contribution to anthropology, focusing on his structuralist project and his attempt to decipher the unconscious structures underlying cultural practices. Through the exploration of his legacy, the paper proposes a return to a holistic theoretical approach that transcends the limitations of postmodernity, inspired by Eduardo Viveiros de Castro’s reflections on the nature-culture duality. The research is supported by a comprehensive analysis of fundamental structuralist texts, comparing and contrasting Lévi-Strauss’s ideas with those of other relevant thinkers such as Durkheim, Mauss, and
Viveiros de Castro. This approach allows for a deep understanding of the elementary structures of human thought and their manifestation in different cultural contexts. The document reveals the relevance of structuralist theories for understanding the complexity of contemporary cultural practices. Additionally, the analysis highlights the importance of considering indigenous peoples’ perspectives to question traditional ontological divisions and promote a more integrative understanding of culture and nature. Finally, it underscores the need to revisit and revitalize holistic theoretical frameworks in anthropology to
address the challenges of contemporaneity. Lévi-Strauss’s work, along with the theoretical innovations of Viveiros de Castro, offers valuable tools for critically rethinking our conceptions of culture, technology, and the environment, proposing a more inclusive anthropology and reflective of its role in today’s world.
Historical-ethnographic exploration of blacksmithing practiced by the Gypsies (Roma) in the Eastern Carpathian area. Ethnographic field research in the traditional ”chocanary” Roma community in the city of Soroca (May 14-16, 2024)
Authors: Duminica Ion
Published: December 2024

Blacksmithing, once “the most important craft in the life of village communities,” has now been marginalized by
the widespread use of intelligent iron processing technologies in industry. Consequently, now that the traditional
craft of iron processing with only hammer, fire and anvil is “fading away with the disappearance of blacksmiths,” it is
imperative to preserve the last “left traces” of this “good and precious craft” in the Eastern Carpathian area. Based on the use of new historical and ethnographic sources, this study presents 25 new elements and identifies the cultural significance of the trinitarian expression “blacksmithing (craft) – blacksmiths (craftsmen) – gypsies (Roma).” The materials collected as a result of collecting field ethnographic material in the city of Soroca (14-16 May 2024) were processed, in particular on the craft of iron processing (blacksmithing), which is the native craft of the traditional gypsies “chokenari”, located on the Soroca “Ringing Mountain”, which is currently practiced on a small scale by the last attested gypsy blacksmith and is under threat of extinction.
Сonceptual aspects of specialized terms regarding traditional gate and fences
Authors: Suvac Sergiu
Published: December 2024

The main components of a traditional house are the gate and the fence. The gate of the yard is a sign of the
entrance to the yard. The place marked by the gate is like a boundary stone on the border of the property and at the
same time a landmark that shapes the attitude towards the ownerand the aesthetic value of the public space. The
fence surrounding the entire yard, the entire household space, finally ensures the protection of the household and
the owners of the house. Many specialized terms are associated with these ethnographic elements, which provide a
good understanding of the corresponding area. The portiţa (small gate, wicket), named after the miniature gate, is
an adjacent smaller opening that was included in a single system intended for daily use by homeowners without forced opening of the large gate. The latch is a lock consisting of a small movable bar that is inserted into a fixed eye and
ensures the closure of the gate at night. At the same time, the bolt is also a link used in the construction of fences.
The posts are simple or ornamented columns on which the gate is attached with hinges. The latter are metal devices consisting of two hinged parts, used to connect the gates to the pillars and ensure their closing and opening.
The pediment is a threshold above the gates connecting the pillars, called in some places a gate.
Funeral traditions of the Romanians on the left bank of the Prut River: the case study of the Cimișeni village (Criuleni district)
Authors: Cotoman Carolina
Published: December 2024

This article presents a description of the sequence of the burial ritual that is currently practiced in the village of Cimișeni, Criuleni district. The aim of the study is to better understand the traditions and spiritual manifestations of the traditional man, his relationship with the environment at a crucial moment in life, by analyzing various rituals we were able to observe what are the traditional folk beliefs related to death. In this area, conservative features have been preserved until now, the locals have managed to preserve most of their customs in the form in which they were practiced by their ancestors. We will try to focus on some essential and at the same time indicative aspects, such as: the meaning of customs and traditions for a person; how are life and death represented in the imagination of a traditional religious person. At the same time, the message will briefly present the main elements of the burial customs of the village of Cimișeni, Criuleni district. These are: ominous signs of death with practices to alleviate death and three main stages characteristic of the rites of passage (separation from the world of the living, preparation of the deceased for the transition to another world and integration into the other world). However, it should be noted that this area is also gradually losing its customs as a result of
globalization, so I think it is important to capture and record these customs and traditions.
The significance of the artisan handmade belt chimir – a key element in folk costume past and present
Authors: Ischimji Ana
Published: December 2024

The work represents a study of the clothing item, the chimir, also called a leather belt, or a belt for men. When
examining the wide leather chimir called the key functional element of the Moldovan folk costume for men, a
number of museums, art centers from the North, Center and South of the country were visited, including: the National Museum of Ethnography and Natural History, belt craftsmen from the territory of the Republic of Moldova, specialists of the National Library and other institutions that have information about this researched product. As a result of the research, it was observed that the chimir is different in size, ornamentation, such as the method of fastening, the raw material from which it is made and regional diversity. Thanks to the skills of the country’s folk craftsmen, the chimir has been preserved to this day in the costume of ethno-folkloric ensembles, orchestras. It is worn by performers and artists from ethnocultural, folklore centers and various dance ensembles. In Moldova the chimir is present in the authentic and original clothing of the popular men’s wear, being a reflection of our unique culture. The historiography of the work includes a variety of bibliographic sources found in libraries and museums, as well as recorded techniques for making belts by folk craftsmen.
Polski design w obliczu zmiany paradygmatu
Authors: Kozina Irma
Published: December 2024

The first decades of the 21st century have brought about the post-anthropocentric awareness, postulating eradicating the human from the centre of the earthly ecosystem, and constructing the conviction of writing human life into a broader context, assuming the care for diversity of fauna and flora species. In the face of such a change, the rules currently followed by designers, have been questioned. Not only have been the principles – so far considered as guarantees of propagating good design – criticised, but also the sense of functionalism postulates challenged, along with the pursuit of human-centred design, essentially based on articulating the interests of the producer, benefiting from the sale of goods and services. Recognising the negative mechanisms which shape design methods, obliges the participants of this process to undertake corrective actions. These will be directed mainly towards the protection of biological diversity on the planet. Indications of the new attitude can be found i.a. in Comforty and BMW commissions recently realised by Maja Ganszyniec. At the current stage, however, it is hard to predict if the trend apparent from these designs will become mainstream.
Keywords: post-Anthropocene, "good design”, biodiversity, environmental protection, Maja Ganszyniec
The Influence of Learning Facilities and Class Management on Learning Effectiveness
Authors: Nurbaiti Tiara , Lian Bukman , Furkan Nuril
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to analyze the effect of learning facilities and classroom management on learning effectiveness at SD Negeri in Sematang Borang District, Palembang. The type of research method used is the quantitative research method with data collection techniques through questionnaires, observation, and documentation. The population was 119 teachers of SD Negeri in Sematang District, Palembang and the sample size was 54 teachers. The instrument test was carried out outside the sample of 30 teachers who were taken randomly from the population of SD Negeri in Sematang District, Palembang. Data were analyzed using simple linear regression and multiple linear regression techniques. Based on the results of the data analysis showed that in the test of the influence of learning facilities variables on the learning effectiveness variable through the t-test obtained acount value of 5.254 greater than the t-table 2.007, it was concluded that there was an influence of learning facilities on the learning effectiveness of SD Negeri in Sematang Borang District, Palembang, as well as the test of the influence of classroom management variables on the learning effectiveness variable obtained a t-count value of 5.005 greater than the t-table value 2.007, it was concluded that there was an influence of classroom management on the learning effectiveness of SD Negeri in Sematang Borang District, Palembang. The test continues by looking at the effect of learning facilities variables and classroom management variables together on the learning effectiveness variable obtained tcount value 18.605 greater F-table 3.168 at a significant level of 5% so it is concluded that there is an effect of learning facilities and classroom management together on the effectiveness of learning in SD Negeri in Sematang Borang District, Palembang.
The Implementation of the Independent Curriculum at SMA Negeri 1 Semendawai Suku III, East OKU Regency
Authors: Sundari Sundari , Arafat Yasir , Mulyadi Mulyadi
Published: December 2024

This research aims to determine how the Merdeka Curriculum is implemented at SMA Negeri 1 Semendawai Suku III OKU Timur, what obstacles are encountered, and what solutions are taken to overcome these obstacles. This research uses a qualitative research method using a phenomenological approach. Data analysis was carried out by describing the results of the interview through sentences structured with scientific explanations and also carrying out analysis using a Likert scale on the data obtained from the research instrument. Based on the results of interviews with the perpetrators of implementing the Merdeka Curriculum, in this case, the principal, teachers, and students, show that the Merdeka Curriculum has been implemented thoroughly at SMA Negeri 1 Semendawai Suku III OKU Timur. The results of the Likert scale analysis of the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum and the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology’s intervention in Sekolah Penggeraks also show that the Merdeka Curriculum has been implemented very well in schools. The obstacles found during the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum were that online training had not become a habit for teachers so it felt difficult, limited modules, changes in curriculum structure, limited digital-based learning facilities, and the existence of a project to strengthen the profile of Pancasila students, which is a new science. Then the solution taken to overcome these obstacles is to carry out online training results for all teachers, through learning communities together with teachers creating teaching modules and dissecting curriculum structures, providing digital-based learning facilities using cellphones in learning, and implementing projects with several strategies, reflect and evaluate to improve the quality of implementation.
Mizoroki-Heck Cross-Coupling: Mechanism, Catalysis with Transition Metals and Graphene Synergistic Catalysts and Applications
Authors: Imama Fayyaz  , Aleena Munir  , Iqra Ameen  , Farah Sajjad  , Javaria Kanwal  , Mehrab Khan  , Saima Ali  , Sidra Babar
Published: December 2024

Upon examining the progression of organic chemistry and comprehending its fundamental nature, it becomes evident that carbon–carbon bond-forming processes hold unparalleled significance in creating this field of scientific inquiry. The Diels–Alder, Grignard, and Wittig reactions are three notable examples of chemical processes that have played significant roles in the development of modern chemical synthesis throughout the past century. During the last quarter of the 20th century, a novel category of carbon–carbon bond-forming reactions emerged, which relied on transition-metal catalysts and substantiated to be exceedingly effective instruments in the field of synthesis. One of the most researched cross-coupling reactions is the Mizoroki-Heck reaction, which has garnered significant attention and was conferred the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. This review focuses on the examination of various catalysts employed in Mizoroki-Heck cross coupling processes, namely those composed of transition metals and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The selected examples serve as compelling illustrations of the significant efficacy of these catalysts in the realm of complete synthesis, hence emphasizing their prospective utility in the field of chemical synthesis.
Experimental Investigation and Optimization of Forming Parameters in Single Point Incremental Forming of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy
Authors: Patel Dharmin M , Gandhi Anishkumar H
Published: December 2024

A novel and adaptable forming method, known as Single Point Incremental Forming (SPIF), has emerged to meet the growing needs of the manufacturing industry. This technique is precious for producing innovative products from sheet metal, offering enhanced flexibility and precision in fabrication. The input parameters during the forming process play a crucial role in determining the final product's formability in terms of maximum formable depth (MFD) and surface quality in terms of average surface roughness (Ra). The present research aims to optimise the forming parameters for formability and surface quality during SPIF of material AZ31 magnesium alloy. In the present research, AZ31 is selected as the target material due to its widely recognized excellent strength-to-weight ratio, making it ideal for lightweight applications in the automotive, aerospace, and electronics industries. The experiments are accomplished based on the use of a Taguchi's design of experiments. The tool diameter (TD), tool rotational speed (TRS), tool feed rate (TFR), and incremental step depth (ISD) were chosen as variable parameters and, keeping other parameters constant for maximum formable depth and average surface roughness as response parameters. The best parameter settings were found, and the statistically significant parameters of the responses were examined using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results revealed that the maximum formable depth (23.5 mm), representing the material's formability, increases with larger tool diameters (10 mm and 12 mm), and higher tool rotational speeds (5000 rpm and 6000 rpm) but decreases with higher tool feed rates (500 mm/min and 600 mm/min). On the other hand, surface roughness improves (decreases) with higher tool rotational speeds, while it increases with larger tool diameters, higher tool feed rates and greater incremental step depths. Furthermore, the findings of a confirmation experiment using the optimal conditions showed a good agreement with the experimental observation. Additionally, linear regression models for predicting the maximum forming depth and average surface roughness were developed by applying the response surface methodology (RSM), which also had good agreement with experiments conducted on optimal parameters.
İlkokulda Akran Zorbalığının Bazı Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: Mutlu Yılmaz Nurhan , Bahar Hüseyin Hüsnü
Published: December 2024

Araştırmanın amacı ilkokul öğrencilerinin akran zorbalığına uğrama ve zorbalık yapma durumlarını tespit etmek, zorbalık davranışının kurban olma davranışını yordama durumunu belirlemektir. Betimsel tarama modelinde yürütülen çalışmanın verileri ilkokul üç ve dördüncü sınıfa kayıtlı olan 415 öğrenciden toplanmıştır. Veriler bilgi formu ve Akran Zorbalığı Belirleme Ölçeği [AZBÖ] Çocuk Formu kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Ölçeğin on alt boyutuna ilişkin mevcut uygulamada hesaplanan iç tutarlılık katsayıları ,72 ile ,86 arasında değişmektedir. Öğrenciler arasında en sık rastlanan kurban tipi Sözel Kurban (SZK) ve Dışlanma Kurban (DK), en az rastlanan ise Eşyaya Zarar Kurban (EZK) tipidir. Öğrencilerin en sık rastlanan zorbalık türleri ise Sözel Zorba (SZZ), Fiziksel Zorba (FZ) ve Dışlama Zorba (DZ) tipidir. Söylenti Zorba (SYZ) ve Eşyaya Zarar (EZ) zorba davranışı en az rastlanan zorbalık tipleridir. Öğrencilerin zorba alt boyut puanları kurban alt boyut puanlarının anlamlı yordayıcısıdır. Cinsiyet kurban puanlarında önemli bir değişken değildir. Erkek öğrenciler FZ ve SZZ boyutlarında kız öğrencilerden daha fazla zorbalık yapmaktadır. Okulun fiziksel imkânlarından memnun, sınıf öğretmeni ile etkileşimi iyi, karne notu çok iyi olan öğrencilerin bazı zorba ve kurban alt boyutlarına ilişkin puanları diğer öğrencilerin puanından daha düşüktür. Anne öğrenim durumu bazı kurban ve zorba alt boyutlarında önemli iken, baba öğrenim durumu zorba ve kurban puanlarında etkili bir değişken değildir.
THE RIGHT TO BE FORGOTTEN IN THE CONTEXT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONCEPT OF DIGITAL PERSONAL SOVEREIGNTY
Authors: OSTAPOVICH I. , SHAKHNOVSKAYA I.
Published: December 2024

The authors consider the concept of digital sovereignty of the individual and analyzes the scientific approaches of representatives of political and legal sciences. The conclusion is formulated that the content of an individual’s digital sovereignty is based on the right to manage one’s data in the digital area. A scientific thesis is proposed on the need to expand such a scientific approach based on the study of progressive foreign regulation. Attention is focused on modern trends in the development of this category. The content and legal regulation of the right to be forgotten is considered. The authors have made an attempt, taking into account the practice of the European Court of Human Rights, the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, and other materials, to indicate the main provisions for the implementation of the right to be forgotten.
THE CONCEPT «DOMAIN NAME». THE LEGAL NATURE OF A DOMAIN NAME AS AN OBJECT OF CIVIL LAW RELATIONS
Authors: SIAMIONAVA T.
Published: December 2024

The author substantiates the need to improve the system of concepts used in the legislation to designate the domain name. The author proposes the author's definition of the concept of “domain name”, which will fill the gap existing in civil law, and the introduction of the proposed definition at the legislative level will contribute to a uniform understanding and interpretation of the concept of the object “domain name” in civil-law relations. The author substantiates a new model of the right to the domain name, based on the established legal nature and essence of the domain name.
FEATURES OF IDENTIFICATION AND RECOGNITION OF EASEMENT IN ACCOUNTING
Authors: BUHAROVA N. , PRIMAKOVA M. , AFANASYEVA K.
Published: December 2024

In the economic literature, there is no single approach to the problem of identifying an easement as an object of accounting. Within the framework of this article, an easement as an accounting category is considered from an economic point of view in the context of relations between both sides of easement relations. As a result of the analysis of various approaches, the object of accounting should be considered not a limited proprietary right to use someone else's property (due to the impossibility of its independent participation in civil law turnover), but easement operations, which involve the relationship between the parties to the easement regarding the provision, use and payment of this right. The allocation of income and expenses from the implementation of easement operations as accounting objects will improve the methodology for reflecting expenses and income related to the implementation of a commensurate fee for the use of an easement in accounting accounts.
DIGITALISATION AND THE DUALITY OF INTELLECTUAL RIGHTS
Authors: KOMASHKO M.
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the consideration of the problem of correlation between the author’s moral rights and the right holder’s exclusive right in the post-industrial society. Particular attention is paid to the fundamentally different consequences of infringement of rights to works under conditions of digitalisation, which arise in the property and non-property spheres. The author consistently examines the impact of digitalisation on the general doctrine of law violation, on researchers' attitudes towards intellectual property and on the doctrine of intellectual rights. The article concludes that the transition to a post-industrial society and a digital economy does not necessitate any adjustment of the doctrine of law violation. However, it reveals an internal contradiction embedded in the doctrine of intellectual rights. The author concludes that moral rights and exclusive rights due to their essential differences cannot constitute a single legal institute and they should be divided into independent categories of rights, which would solve many problems of intellectual property law.