bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aktif kefir biyokütlesi ile Remazol Turuncu RGB boyar maddesinin konvansiyonel ve sonikasyon destekli biyosorpsiyonu
Authors: MUTLU Hatice , APAR Dilek
Published: April 2023

Aktif kefir biyokütleleri ile Remazol Turuncu RGB (RO) boyar maddesinin sulu çözeltilerden konvansiyonel ve sonikasyon destekli biyosorpsiyon yöntemleri ile giderimi incelenmiştir. Kefir biyokütlesi SEM, FTIR ve BET analizleri ile karakterize edilmiştir. Biyosorpsiyon deneyleri kesikli olarak gerçekleştirilmiş ve pH, başlangıç boyar madde konsantrasyonu ve sıcaklığın boyar madde giderimi üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. RO boyar maddesinin gideriminin iki biyosorpsiyon prosesinde de sıcaklığın artması, başlangıç pH değerinin ve başlangıç boyar madde konsantrasyonunun azalması ile arttığı belirlenmiştir. Çalışılan tüm proses koşullarında konvansiyonel biyosorpsiyon yöntemine kıyasla sonikasyon destekli biyosorpsiyon ile daha yüksek boyar madde giderim verimleri elde edilmiş ve biyosorpsiyonun dengeye ulaşma süreleri önemli ölçüde azalmıştır. pH 2 değerinde, 25°C sıcaklık ve 100 mg/L başlangıç boyar madde konsantrasyonunda, konvansiyonel ve sonikasyon destekli biyosorpsiyon işlemleri ile sırası ile % 74,62 ve % 95,18 boyar madde giderimi elde edilmiş ve biosorpsiyonların dengeye sırası ile 210 ve 45 dakikada ulaştığı gözlemlenmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen modelleme çalışmaları sonucunda konvansiyonel biyosorpsiyon prosesinin yalancı-birinci mertebe kinetik modeli ile, sonikasyon destekli biyosorpsiyon prosesinin yalancı-ikinci mertebe kinetik modeli ile, biyosorpsiyon dengesinin ise her iki proses için de Langmuir izoterm modeli ile ifade edilebileceği saptanmıştır. Çalışma sonuçları kefir biyokütlelerinin boyar madde giderimi için iyi bir biosorbent, sonikasyonun canlı organizmalarla biyosorpsiyon proseslerinin iyileştirilmesi için etkili ve yararlı bir yöntem olduğunu göstermiştir.
TR83 bölgesinde K-Means ve ARAS yöntemiyle kompost tesisi kuruluş yeri seçimi
Authors: DÜNDAR Sinan
Published: April 2023

Tarım arazilerinde verimlilik, tartışma konusu olmaya devam ederken çevresel açıdan olumsuz etkilere neden olan hayvansal atıkların değerlendirilmesi modern çağın kaçınılmaz bir sorunudur. Hâlbuki binlerce besicilik işletmesinde oluşan bu atıklar, toprağın rehabilitasyonu amacıyla kompost üretimi için kullanılabilir niteliktedir. Bu şekilde, atıkların neden olduğu çevresel etkiler asgari düzeye çekilebilecek, ekim faaliyetinde bulunan çiftçiler daha yüksek verim alabilecek ve her durumda bu kaynaktan ekonomik getiri sağlanabilecektir.

Bu gerekçelerle Samsun, Tokat, Çorum ve Amasya illerinde faaliyet gösteren 123.123 adet besicilik işletmesinden çıkan atıkların kompost olarak değerlendirilmesine yönelik uygun kuruluş yeri seçimi amacıyla bu çalışma yapılmıştır. Tüm besicilik işletmelerinin coğrafi koordinatları belirlenerek bu işletmeler K-Means kümeleme yöntemi ile 18 küme kategorisine ayrılmıştır. Kompost üretimine yatırım yapmayı hedefleyen bir girişimcinin bu küme alternatiflerinden en uygun olanını seçmesine yardımcı olmak maksadıyla çok kriterli karar verme teknikleri arasında yer alan ARAS yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Kümeleme analizi için uygulanacak optimum 18 küme sayısı Elbow (Dirsek) ve f(K) Fonksiyon yöntemleri ile belirlenmiştir. Küme alternatiflerinin optimallik sıralamasından önce belirlenen 6 kriterin ve bu kriterlerin ağırlıklarının belirlenmesi için SWARA yöntemi kullanılmıştır.

Elde edilen sonuçlara göre TR83 Bölgesinde 18 küme alternatifi içerisinde hayvansal atıklardan kompost üretimi için en uygun üç lokasyonun Amasya ili Suluova ilçe merkezi, Tokat ili Merkez ilçesi ve Çorum Merkez ilçesine bağlı Kuşsaray köyü olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Eğilme-etkin yapıların tasarımı ve uygun masif ahşap tipinin seçimi
Authors: AKYÜREK Muhammed Emin , GİRGİN Zehra Canan
Published: April 2023

Eğilme-etkin tasarım, başlangıçta düzlemsel olan kirişler veya kabuk parçalarının elastik yerdeğiştirme sınırları içerisinde eğilip mesnetlenmesi esaslı bir yaklaşımdır; hafif, esnek ve organik olma özellikleri ile öne çıkan ahşap ızgara kabuklar bu yaklaşım ile üretilir. Taşıyıcı elemanın eğilebilmesine yönelik ölçütler ve deneysel çalışmaların oldukça sınırlı olması nedeniyle eğilme işleminde malzeme kayıpları da sözkonusudur. Bu çalışmada, ahşap ızgara kabukların Türkiye’de uygulanabilirliğine odaklanılmıştır. Öncelikle bu konuda dünyadaki uygulamaların boyut ve detay bilgileri belirlenmiş, takiben yerli ağaç odunu karakteristikleri incelenmiştir. Bu kapsamda, Türkiye’de yetişen bazı ağaç odunlarının fiziksel ve mekanik karakteristikleri tablolaştırılmış, hangi ağaç odunlarının bu işleme uygun olduğu detaylı veri analizi ile araştırılmıştır. Yerli literatürde bulunmayan eğrilik yarıçapları hesaplanarak; yoğunluk, eğilme dayanımı, elastisite modülü, maliyet, üretim miktarı parametreleri ile ilişkisi belirlenmiştir. Bu araştırma; ızgara kabuk yapıların Türkiye’de uygulanabilirliğinin araştırılması, ağaç türlerinin sınıflandırılarak uygun olanların analitik yöntemler ile belirlenmesi ve değerlendirilmesi bakımından literatürdeki ilk çalışmadır. Değerlendirmelerden, ülkemizde yaygın olan ve Avrupa’daki örneklerine göre de eğilme dayanımı daha nitelikli olan kayın, karaçam ve meşenin; ızgara kabuk üretimi için tedarik, dayanım ve eğilebilirlik yönünden en uygun ağaçlar olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarının bu yapıların inşası konusunda ahşap endüstrisini teşvik edeceği öngörülmektedir.
Faktör analizi tabanlı hibrit SWARA-VIKOR yöntemleri ile tedarikçi değerlendirme
Authors: ÜNLÜ Ayşe , GEZMİŞOĞLU Gökçe , ÇAĞIL Gültekin
Published: April 2023

İşletmelerin ileriye dönük planlarını gerçekleştirmelerinde şirketin iş birliği içinde olduğu tedarikçilerle birlikte başarılı olmaları önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu rolde en uygun ve en doğru tedarikçiler ile çalışmak işletmeler için önemli bir karar sürecidir. Bu çalışmada perakende sektöründe öncü bir firmanın tedarikçi seçme problemi, Çok Kriterli Karar Verme (ÇKKV) tekniklerinden olan SWARA ve VIKOR yöntemleri ile değerlendirilmiştir. Uygulama, firmanın tedarik süreci boyunca sürekli sorun yaşadığı tedarikçiler ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın ilk aşamasında firmanın kendi dinamiklerine uygun değerlendirme kriterlerini belirlemek için literatürde en çok kullanılan kriterler üzerinden istatistiki hipotezler oluşturulmuş, oluşturulan bu hipotezler üzerinden hazırlanan anket, tedarikçiler ile bire bir ilişki halinde olan uzmanlara uygulanmıştır. Anketin geçerlilik ve güvenirlik analizlerini değerlendirmek için Açıklayıcı Faktör Analizi ve Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Anket sonucunda belirlenen önem dereceleri SWARA yöntemi ile hesaplanmış, nihai değerlendirmede ise VIKOR yöntemi ile tedarikçiler arasında karşılaştırma yapılarak tedarikçi sıralaması elde edilmiş ve elde edilen bu bulgular sonuç kısmında tartışılmıştır. Bu çalışmadaki hipotezler, literatürde benzer olanları ile karşılaştırıldığında, farklı ÇKKV yöntemleri ile kullanıldığı görülmüş fakat SWARA ve VIKOR yöntemleri ile olanına rastlanmamıştır. Böylece bu yöntemlerin birlikte kullanılmasının tedarikçi seçiminde başarılı bir şekilde uygulanabileceği gösterilmiş ve literatüre farklı bakış açısı kazandırılması amaçlanmıştır.
Yaya bölgeleri erişebilirliğinin kullanıcı ve peyzaj karakteri açısından irdelenmesi
Authors: BEKCİ Banu , SİPAHİ Merve
Published: April 2023

Kamusal açık alanların artan bir popülariteye sahip olması mekânların kalitesini arttırarak erişebilirlik bileşeninin daha çok sorgulanmasına hatta mekânların sunduğu etkinlik alanlarındaki erişebilirlik olanaklılıklarının da irdelenmesine neden olmuştur. Bu bağlamda çalışmada ele alınan yaya bölgesinin engelli kullanımına yönelik peyzaj karakter analizi, fiziksel engelli bireyler tarafından kullanılabilirliği ve davranış haritaları üzerinde durulmuş olup nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Farklı kullanıcı gruplarının kentsel alanlardaki yaya bölgelerine yönelik beklentilerinin sorgulanarak ihtiyaçlarının ortaya konulması kent için gerekli planlama ve tasarım kararlarını ortaya çıkaracaktır. Bu kriterler doğrultusunda kurgulanan çalışma, nüfus artışına bağlı olarak artan yoğun kentleşme ile karşılaşan kentlerde kamusal alanların erişilebilirliği ve peyzaj karakter analizlerinin tespit edilerek kentlerin yaşanabilirliğine katkı sunmasını amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada engelli bireylerin bireysel eğitimlerini geliştirme konusunda verdikleri çabaların sosyal sorumluluk kapsamında ciddi bir farkındalık yarattığı, yaya ulaşımında kentsel donatıların, yollar ve kaldırımların, engelli bireylerin hakları, mimari yapılar ve açık kamusal mekânlardaki erişememe problemlerinin de en önemli ihtiyaçlar olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak “Herkes için Tasarım” ilkesi doğrultusunda şehir planlamalarına yönelik daha erişebilir ve sürdürülebilir kentsel yönetim modellerine yönelik öneriler geliştirilmiştir.
Doğrusal olmayan bazı sistem sınıflarının Euler-Lagrange geri integrasyon yöntemi ile optimal denetimi
Authors: AKSOY Orhan , ZERGEROĞLU Erkan
Published: April 2023

Bu çalışmada, üç veya daha fazla boyutlu, doğrusallaştırılabilen, doğrusal girişli doğrusal olmayan sistemlerin optimal denetimi için Euler-Lagrange geri integrasyon yönteminin kullanımını geliştiren bir algoritma sunulmuştur. Algoritma, doğrusallaştırılmış sistemin sınırını temsil eden, denge noktasının yakınındaki bir hiper elipsoit üzerinde tekrarlı şekilde başlangıç koşulu seçerek doğrusal olmayan optimal dinamik üzerinde geri integrasyon yöntemini uygulamakta ve optimal yolları oluşturmaktadır. Daha sonra, bu optimal yollar optimal geri beslemede kullanılmaktadır.
Buğday sapından nanoselüloz üretiminde farklı enzimatik ön muamele işlemlerinin etkisi
Authors: SERTKAYA Selva , ARSLAN Recai , TOZLUOĞLU Ayhan , FİDAN Hakan , EROL Özlem , ÜNAL H. İbrahim , CANDAN Zeki
Published: April 2023

Kök, sap, saman, yaprak ve kabuk vb. gibi lignoselülozik hammadde kaynaklarından elde edilebilen nanoselüloz, kullanım potansiyeli ile orman ürünleri alanında önemli bir malzemedir. Tarımsal faaliyetler sonucu ortaya çıkar ve sahip olduğu fiziksel, kimyasal ve morfolojik özellikleri ile kullanıldığı nihai ürünlere olumlu etkiler sağlar. Literatürde nanoselüloz üretim yöntemi olarak sıklıkla kullanılan alkali veya asidik üretim yöntemine nazaran enzimatik hidroliz yöntemi daha az araştırılmıştır. Genel olarak, enzimatik hidroliz yoluyla nanoselüloz üretim süreçleri ile selüloz nanofibriller (CNF) üretilirken, enzimatik olmayan işlemler ile kristal nanoselülozlar (CNC) üretilmektedir. Bu çalışmada ilk kez buğday sapından elde edilen soda-NaBH4 ağartılmış kağıt hamuru liflerine iki farklı enzimatik ön muamele (hemiselülaz Pulpzyme HC 2500 ve selülaz Celluclast 1.5 L ticari enzimleri) ve ardından gerçekleştirilen homojenizasyon işlemi ile CNF elde edilmiş, homojenizasyon işlemi sonrası elde edilen CNF’ nin kimyasal, morfolojik, termal ve reolojik özelliklerindeki değişimler incelenmiştir. Enzimatik ön muamele işlemleri sonrasında gerçekleştirilen HPLC analizleri; artan enzim konsantrasyonlarında yapıdan daha fazla miktarda karbonhidratın uzaklaştırıldığını ve yüksek basınç altında gerçekleştirilen homojenizasyon sonrasında alınan SEM görüntüleri liflerin CNF üretiminde homojen bir şekilde nano boyuta indirgendiğini (ortalama 20-50 nm lif çapı) ortaya koymuştur.
A model rural rehabilitation service station in China– Evaluation after 5 years
Authors: HL Qin , JG Ma , SW Chen , CP Li , Ping-Chung Leung
Published: April 2023

A simple setup for rehabilitation training was established in 2007 in a rural area of Shanxi Province, China. It made use of an underused facility created for elderly people’s leisure time. Simple equipment for rehabilitation training was provided free for the users, and instructions were given by rehab experts, Traditional medical doctors, and social workers. This rural Service Station must be the first of its kind in rural China and deserves scrutinizes for its unique nature. After 5 years of service, a service evaluation of its service nature, service providers, users, and special orientations was completed. It is hoped that this Service Station could be taken as a model of similar rural development in China.
Fiyat Arttırma ve Negatif Dengeleme Stratejileri Ekseninde Çin’in Körfez ve Suudi Arabistan Siyaseti
Authors: TAŞ YETİM Hüsna
Published: April 2023

Çin, son dönemlerde Körfez Bölgesine yönelik izlediği aktif politika, Çin Devlet Başkanı Xi Jipping’in (Şi Cinping), 7-9 Aralık 2022 tarihinde Körfez’e gerçekleştirdiği kapsamlı ziyaretle birlikte daha fazla dinamizm kazanmıştır. Bu ziyareti takiben yapılan analizler Çin’in, Körfez açılımını ABD’nin bölgesel hegemonyasını zayıflatmaya yönelik bir girişim olarak değerlendirmektedirler. Aynı ziyaret sırasında Pekin ve Riyad yönetimleri arasında imzalanan kapsamlı anlaşmalar ise ABD’nin Körfezdeki uzun erimli güvenlik partneri Suudi Arabistan’a ilişkin “eksen kayması” tartışmalarını başlattı. Bu çalışma güncelliğini koruyan iki tartışmanın kapsamlı bir muhakemesini yapmayı hedeflemektedir. Bu amaçla uluslararası ilişkiler disiplinin son dönem fenomen teorisi olan hiyerarşinin ilgili argümanları kullanılmaktadır. Bu teorik çerçeveden hareketle, çalışmada ilk olarak Çin’in Körfez siyasetini şekillendiren stratejilerin fiyat arttırma (oubidding) ve negatif dengeleme (negative balancing) olduğu ve bu stratejilerin Körfez Bölgesi ülkeleri açısından yeni imkânlar yarattığı tespitinde bulunulmaktadır. Bunun yanı sıra Suudi Arabistan’ın, Çin ile gelişen ikili ilişkilerini hâlihazırda ABD ile sürdürmekte olduğu ilişkisine bir alternatif olarak görmediği, aksine Çin’in bahsi geçen stratejilerinden maksimum kazanım elde ederek otonomisini arttırmaya çalıştığı ayrıca belirtiliyor.
Assessing Supply Chain Risk Management Practices in Manufacturing Industries in Malaysia
Authors:   Center for Materials Engineering and Smart Manufacturing (MERCU), Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Mustaffa Nur Farhana , Hishamuddin Hawa ,   Center for Materials Engineering and Smart Manufacturing (MERCU), Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Mat Ropi NuramilaWahida ,   Center for Materials Engineering and Smart Manufacturing (MERCU), Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Saibani Nizaroyani ,   Center for Materials Engineering and Smart Manufacturing (MERCU), Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Ab Rahman Mohd Nizam ,   Center for Materials Engineering and Smart Manufacturing (MERCU), Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, University Kebangsaan Malaysia
Published: April 2023

Effective supply chain management is essential to drive an organisation's performance through increased productivity. This paper aims to identify the various risk sources that cause supply chain risks to occur in the Malaysian manufacturing industry. In addition, the type and frequency of supply chain risks and discussing the best approach to reduce these risks in the context of the manufacturing industry. A survey method was adopted using a questionnaire to collect the necessary information in order to achieve the aim and objectives of this study. Information was collected from several manufacturing sectors in Malaysia, namely; the automotive, electronics and food sectors. The respondents were people having practical knowledge of risk management, including supply chain managers and supervisors. The survey results were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. The analysis of the results indicated that the primary source that led to the occurrence of supply chain risks was mainly due to the delay in responding to the risks. The associated risks that often occur in the manufacturing industry were also identified, namely, changes in customer demand and increasing raw material prices. In addressing these risks, it was found that communication and the exchange of information were the most important practices and initiatives to help reduce the occurrence of supply chain risks. Accordingly, this study is considered as a pilot study given the small number of respondents. Thus, it can be used as a preliminary guideline for future research work.
Comparative Study for Lake Water Remediation: Chemical Coagulation and Electrocoagulation
Authors:   Research Centre for Sustainable Process Technology (CESPRO), Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia, Haan Teow Yeit , Siew Fen Chua ,   Chemical Engineering Programme, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia, Radzi Muhammad Faizal ,   Chemical Engineering Programme, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia, Ganasen Uwendiran ,   Chemical Engineering Programme, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
Published: April 2023

Water scarcity worldwide has reached the alarming rate and received the greatest attention. The increasing of pressure attributed by world water demand had inspired researchers on use of alternative water sources such as wastewater, a new norm. However, it is a critical need to find out the proper treatment technique to treat the wastewater. In this study, the reclamation and reuse of lake water (wastewater source) was conducted through chemical coagulation and electrocoagulation processes. Aluminium sulphate Al2(SO4)3 was utilized in this study as the coagulant for chemical coagulation process. The dosage of Al2(SO4)3 was manipulated in the range of 2 mg/L - 8 mg/L to investigate the optimal Al2(SO4)3 dosage which brings to greatest removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), colour, and turbidity from the collected wastewater sample. Whereas, electrocoagulation process was conducted in a lab-scale electrocoagulation reactor with two parallel monopolar aluminium electrodes. The electrocoagulation operation duration and DC power supply to the electrocoagulation reactor were varied in studying the performance of electrocoagulation process. Results obtained from this study depicted that both chemical coagulation and electrocoagulation processes were attractive for the treatment of lake water. However, chemical coagulation presented greater removal efficiency compared to electrocoagulation where it managed to remove COD, colour, and turbidity up to 93.04%, 93.86%, and 93.98%, respectively at the optimal Al2(SO4)3 dosage of 6 mg/L. Sweep coagulation which comprises the adsorption and entrapment of pollutant particles onto aluminium hydroxides was the major mechanism for flocs formation in chemical coagulation process. Besides, the percentage of removal for electrocoagulation process is due to the applied voltage and operation duration. The percentage removal of COD, colour, and turbidity were increased with the increment of DC power supply voltage and pro-longed the operation duration. Results shown that the highest percent of removal is achieved by electrocoagulation reactor operated at 10 V for 45 min in this study, where the percentage of removal for COD, colour, and turbidity was 73.91%, 92.98%, and 71.44%, respectively.
Deterministic Model of Information Queries Batch Processing in a Multithreaded Server
Authors:   V. A. Trapeznikov Institute of Control Sciences of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation, Asratian R. E.
Published: April 2023

The analytical model of processing a batch of similar requests in a multithreaded server is considered. The model is based on the high determinism of the duration of individual stages of request processing and the moments of events leading to the switching of the processor from one processing program thread to another. Unlike other deterministic models based on the theory of schedules, in this case the goal is not to find the optimal distribution of work across processors, but to study the dependence of the main characteristics of the software server (packet processing time, marginal performance) on the characteristics of the request and the size of the batch. The model concerns the situa­tion when distributed system with intensive flows of information queries is developed and special measures to ensure the required performance must be taken. One of these measures is the introduction of batch query processing tools, allowing an array of similar information queries to be processed in a single service call. The introduction of such tools usually allows you to repeatedly increase the rate of processing queries in the system and very often becomes a real «lifesaver» for customers who issue, for example, hundreds of thousands of queries per day or more. It is quite likely that a sequence of ordinary single queries cannot provide a solution, and batch processing simply has no alternative
Finding Compiler Bugs Duplicates by Generating Witness Programs
Authors:   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU), Saint Petersburg, 195251, Russian Federation, Stepanov D. S. , Itsykson V. M. ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU), Saint Petersburg, 195251, Russian Federation
Published: April 2023

Programming language compilers are complex software projects, the quality of which directly affects the quality of programs created by them. Therefore, compilers are subject to increased requirements for such software quality characteristics as functional suitability, reliability, performance level, safety, etc. To ensure quality, various methods are used: user and manual testing, tools for automatic error detection. And due to many methods of searching for bugs often situations arise when the same error, especially if its cause is trivial, is detected repeatedly, and the test cases that lead to it can be completely different from each other. Such test cases are called duplicates, and their determination is an urgent and acute problem, since their manual search requires a large amount of human resources. Algorithms for automatically finding duplicates would greatly simplify the process of developing and maintaining a compiler. The main idea of the approach for finding duplicates presented in the article is that the causes of the same errors are located in the same place in the compiler source code. To search for this place, the method of generating witness programs is used: for each test program containing an error, similar programs are generated that do not contain it. After that, metrics are calculated based on the source code coverage of the compiler and a list of source code files that are potentially causing the compiler to fail is formed. If these lists for two test programs are similar in terms of the proximity metric, then the test programs are considered duplicates. The proposed approach was developed and implemented for the compiler of the Kotlin programming language. Testing has shown the applicability of the proposed approach for solving the problem of finding duplicate errors of compilers of programming languages
Using Amazon Kinesis Service for Data Transfer from IoT Devices to Cloud Infrastructure
Authors:   RCC, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation, Zhukov S. I. , Zubrilin K. A. ,   Auriga, Moscow, 117587, Russian Federation
Published: April 2023

IoT devices connected to the Amazon Web Services (AWS) cloud use the loT interface and the MQTT protocol for communication purposes. In addition to these basic communication tools, AWS has developed specialized services for transmitting telemetry data from smart devices. Firehose allows you to upload data directly to the AWS S3 data warehouse (cloud-specific file system). Kinesis service is even more powerful; it enables the user to build back-end data logic, which is automatically applied when data arrives. Also, Kinesis allows running analytics of the telemetry data using artificial intelligence techniques to discover hidden trends and consistent patterns. This article describes how to set up an IoT device using the AWS C++ SDK so that telemetry data it generates is processed by Kinesis services. The firmware of the device connects to the AWS provider using the SDK APIs and sends telemetry data as Kinesis service data packets; a Kinesis lambda function is created on the server side in the cloud to store the received data in S3 storage and send the data to the DynamoDB database after processing. Using Kinesis services allows the user to utilize all power tools provided by the AWS framework for processing and analyzing their data (Amazon constantly develops and enhances this set of tools).
Algorithms for Finding Duplicate Conferences and Conference Groups in Scientometric Systems
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119192, Russian Federation, Kozitsyn A. S.
Published: April 2023

The article discusses the methods developed by the author for assessing the proximity of the description of conferences in order to detect duplicates, as well as building groups of conferences. An overview of the existing catalogs of conferences on the Internet is given. Their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. The necessity of developing methods for more thorough verification of input data about conferences is substantiated. The description of the algorithms developed by the author and their software implementation and testing on big data is given on the example of the scientometric system IAS ISTINA. The developed algorithms make it possible to search for similar conferences by primary descriptions when registering a conference, search for duplicates in the database of the scientometric system, and combine conferences of different years into groups. The described methods can be used in the development of conference catalogs and scientometric systems to improve the quality of initial data verification.
Planning the Smart City With Young People: Teenagers’ Perceptions, Values and Visions of Smartness
Authors: Shtebunaev Simeon , Gullino Silvia , Larkham Peter J.
Published: April 2023

Young people are often seen as “future citizens” and therefore relegated to a back seat in the planning process, awaiting their coming of age. Recent digital transformations in planning have brought new consultation processes but also created a digital divide and conflicting agendas. This article engages with youth, specifically teenagers, a heterogenous community stuck between childhood and adulthood, assumed to possess the necessary digital skills, but usually overlooked in participatory planning processes. This article will examine the case study cities of Manchester, Birmingham, Valencia, and Sofia, where 121 teenagers between 15 and 19 years of age have been interviewed in relation to their awareness and perceptions of digital technologies and smart cities. It focuses on critically examining young people’s perceptions and values towards the smart city. Using the smart city wheel as an engagement and discussion tool, the article presents teenagers’ critique of smart city models and future city visions. The article categorises common threads and values that this demographic has espoused and presents cautionary tales relating to awareness and skills development in this age group. Throughout the interviews and surveys, young people in all four case studies have reported strong affiliations to specific modes of inhabiting the city and values that they would like to see reflected in any future visions. The article identifies key considerations for planners and smart city practitioners when engaging young people in the creation of future city visions.
NEW LEARNERS’ SATISFACTION WITH ONLINE EDUCATION: A LONGITUDINAL STUDY
Authors: REHMAN Saif - Ur , ELSHAREIF Elgilani Eltahir , KHAN Faisal
Published: April 2023

With recent advancements in IT, internet systems and and the need for IT-driven society, particularly during Covid-19, online education (online learning, or e-leaming) has become inevitable to achieve the multiple objectives (such as cost-effective, time- efficient, quality enhancement, etc.) both for educator and learner. Keeping in view the importance of online education, the current study focuses on pedagogy of how to increase the efficiency of a learner. Therefore, this study is aiming to explore how these two dimensions of online learning style are used to measure new learners’ satisfaction with online education, for which this study focuses on identifying the role of a student-teacher-contact (STC) in exploring the degree of learners’ satisfaction with online education, and also applying the moderating effect of student-student contact (SSC). A total of 340 target respondents were surveyed in three phases. The results showed that STC interaction was insignificant during phase – I, whereas both interactions were found significant during phase – II & III. The research emphasizes that SSC in the presence of moderators has a significant determinant of the degree of new learners’ satisfaction with online education. In addition, the management of online learning institutions will realize that SSC is essential for achieving new learners’ satisfaction with online education. Since there is no sufficient literature on the moderating role of STC, this study is a valuable contribution to the existing body of knowledge.
DISTANCE LEARNERS’ EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND PERCEPTIONS OF THEIR SITUATIONAL BARRIERS IN LEARNING ENGLISH
Authors: TEOH George Boon Sai , LIAU Agnes Wei Lin
Published: April 2023

Students face various barriers in learning English via distance education. The purpose of this explanatory mixed methods study was to collect quantitative and qualitative data regarding students’ emotional intelligence (EI) and the situational barriers (SB) they faced in learning English via distance education. In phase one, 238 students voluntarily submitted their questionnaires containing Schutte’s Self-Report Inventory Emotional Intelligence scale. The mean EI score of the distance learners was 130. Based on the EI scores, three subgroups of respondents; HighEI, MidEI, and LowEI were identified. In phase two, 18 participants chosen based on their EI scores were interviewed. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using content analysis. The qualitative data revealed eight major situational barriers. Out of these, SB1 Job, SB2 Family and Home, and SB4 Time were most frequently cited. The study also found that distance learners’ EI was significantly related to their perceptions of the situational barriers to learning English through distance education. Studies affirmed higher EI students are better at moderating the negative effects of challenging circumstances and achieving their goals. Thus, it is crucial to fortify students’ EI through training, mentoring, and counselling programs to empower them to moderate their barriers, persevere, communicate with others, and make informed decisions to achieve academic success.
UNCOVERING CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR IMPROVEMENTS OF DISTANCE LEARNING IN TEACHER EDUCATION: KOSOVO’S EXPERIENCE
Authors: NIKOCEVIQ-KURTI Elmedina
Published: April 2023

This study aims to investigate the pre-service teachers’ experiences with online teaching, but also to uncover the challenges and opportunities for improving the distance education in the future. A qualitative research approach using phenomenology is adapted for the study. The participants were 18 pre-service teachers studying at the different programs of the University of Prishtina’s Faculty of Education. The interviews were conducted online. The transcripts of interviews were analyzed using the interpretative phenomenological analysis. Five themes were derived from the analysis of the interview data: quality of teaching activities, positive aspects of online teaching, limitations, factors affecting online teaching, and recommendations to improve online teaching and learning in the future. This study proved the importance of pre-service teachers’ interest and motivation, but also the faculty lecturers’ professional preparedness for online teaching. Findings revealed the inability to relate theory to practice during online teaching as a lack of interaction between the university and the schools. This study is expected to serve as a guide for the expectations of preservice teachers towards the improvement of distance education in the future.
THE EFFECT OF KNOWLEDGE SHARING, ATTITUDE, AND SATISFACTION ON NOVICE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ ONLINE LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT
Authors: KESKIN Sinan , GUNBATAR Mustafa Serkan , CAVUS Hayati
Published: April 2023

In the academic year 2020-2021, students who had been accepted onto a university in Turkiye began their studies with the use of emergency remote teaching (ERT). The aim of this study is to examine the causal relationship between academic achievement, online course satisfaction, attitudes towards online learning and knowledge sharing behaviors of these novice university students in terms of the emergency remote teaching process. This research was designed to make use of correlational research methods. The study group consisted of 437 freshmen students studying in the Faculty of Education at a public university in Turkiye. Research data were collected using the Knowledge Sharing Behavior scale, the Online Course Satisfaction scale, the Online Learning Attitude scale, and a learning achievement test. Research data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, and path analysis. The results showed that general acceptance, knowledge receiving, individual awareness and perceived usefulness significantly affected online course satisfaction. On the other hand, knowledge giving and application effectiveness factors did not significantly affect online course satisfaction. It is noteworthy that individual awareness, which compares face-to-face teaching activities with ERT to identify the preferences and awareness of the students, had a negative impact on their satisfaction. Finally, it was determined that online course satisfaction had a significant but low-level effect on learning achievement. In order to increase student satisfaction with regard to the ERT process, it is recommended that the university makes the opportunities more visible and provide support for students’ acceptance of the process. Future avenues and precautions about designing the ERT courses have been suggested in light of the research findings.
A MODEL OF REMOTE TEACHING AND LEARNING UNDER EMERGENCY AND SUSTAINED CRISIS CONDITIONS: A DESCRIPTION OF NOVEL DISTANCE EDUCATION CONTEXTS AND MANIFESTATIONS
Authors: STEWART William H. , LOWENTHAL Patrick R. , RICHTER David
Published: April 2023

Humans have been learning at a distance for millennia. Modern information and communications technology has enabled formal distance education to be conducted online, though significant variation exists in purpose, course format, delivery methods, etc. Under duress of COVID-19, educators and students alike have been forced to engage in their courses remotely. These courses, however, are not equivalent to formal distance education and to date have broadly been referred to as Emergency Remote Teaching (ERT). Nevertheless, ERT courses are no longer unexpected and have become plannable; many are being sustained indefinitely due to the prolonged nature of the pandemic. Despite this paradox, current ERT literature typically conceptualizes the ongoing practice monolithically. This conceptual paper discusses key differences between formal distance education, emergency remote teaching, and the evolving practice of Sustained Remote Teaching (SRT). We suggest a descriptive contextual model as a research analytic for discussion in the field of distance education.
A QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE FACTORS INFLUENCING THE ADOPTION OF MOOC IN HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors: ALBELBISI Nour Awni , AL-ADWAN Ahmad Samed , HABIBI Akhmad
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this research is to highlight the factors influencing the adoption of MOOCs in the Malaysian context. This qualitative study was designed using focus group discussions (FGs) with fifty postgraduate students from two Malaysian Universities. The thematic analysis revealed two major themes, opportunities, and challenges. The findings revealed 12 sub-factors influencing the adoption of MOOCs, seven subfactors for the opportunities for using MOOC, namely, improve the higher education system, support lifelong learning, the accessibility, interactivity, flexibility, individualized instructions, and the positive attitude toward using MOOC. The challenges included 5 sub-factors, namely, lack of openness feature, lack of knowledge and skills, poor technology infrastructure, low self-regulated learning skills, and lack of instructor’ support. Such findings are important for improving the implementation of MOOCs in the Malaysian higher education system for MOOC learners and related stakeholders.
The fundus of the eye as a target organ in hypertension: a literature review
Authors: Barsukov Anton V. , Yasenovets Maria V. , Shcherbakova Kseniya A. , Iakovlev Vladimir V. , Chumak Boris A. , Borisova Ekaterina V. , Maltsev Dmitrii S. , Burnasheva Maria A. , Kulikov Alexey N.
Published: April 2023

This review discusses the current understanding of hypertensive retinopathy. It describes the pathomorphology of hypertensive retinopathy according to its grade. The main approaches to classification and elements of pathophysiology are briefly considered, and the clinical significance of hypertensive changes in the fundus is examined. The characteristics of traditional and innovative methods of assessing the retina, and their accuracy in predicting the course of hypertension is discussed. Data from our investigations with scanning laser ophthalmoscopy and optical coherence tomographic angiography are presented. Our data show that uncomplicated hypertension in middle-aged men and women is accompanied by a distinct reduction in the diameter of the retinal arterioles and an expansion of the foveal avascular zone at the level of the superficial capillary plexus of the retina. We review the literature and present the results of our observations, demonstrating the retinoprotective benefits of antihypertensive therapy.
Molecular bases of the interaction of Mycobacteria tuberculosis complex and anti-tuberculosis drugs: Current state of the problem and its epidemiological significance
Authors: Khomyakov Yuri N. , Zvyagintseva Darya D. , Khomyakova Tatiana I.
Published: April 2023

According to the World Health Organization Global Tuberculosis Report, published in 2022, tuberculosis and its drug-resistant forms are on the rise for the first time in recent years. The ability to become immune to anti-tuberculosis drugs is a fundamental feature of the tuberculosis agent. In some cases, tuberculosis develops a transient resistance to antibacterial drugs based on a combination of adaptive biological properties of the mycobacterium without altering the genetic apparatus. This phenomenon is called drug-induced tolerance. Its development is associated with the slowing or altering of bacterial metabolism, increasing the thickness of the cell wall, activation of specific molecular pumps, and removal of medicinal substances from outside the cell. The same and some other mechanisms are involved in the development of another phenomenon drug resistance, which is associated with inherited changes in the genetic apparatus of mycobacterium. The review is devoted to the molecular bases of the interaction of mycobacterium tuberculosis with anti-tuberculosis drugs and its epidemiological significance.
Evaluation of the global applicability of the regional time- and magnitude-predictable seismicity model
Authors: Papazachos Constantinos B. , Papadimitriou Eleftheria E.
Published: April 2023

Two main issues are examined that concern the global applicability of two models that associate earthquake recurrence intervals and the magnitude of the preceding or following event of each interval, namely, the regional time- and magnitude-predictable models. Specifically, the statistical significance of the results that are obtained by application of these models to a high-quality data set is tested, and then the effect of the seismic zonation process on these results is examined. A simple application of the time-predictable model to different seismogenic regions using data from a high-quality global data set leads to results that satisfy the 95% confidence limit for different obtained parameters in only 25% of the cases. Using simple Monte Carlo simulation, it is shown that these statistical significance tests often fail simply because of the errors in the magnitude determination and the small magnitude range spanned by the available data. Moreover, these tests examine each seismogenic region separately and ignore the global applicability of such a model. For this reason, a procedure that incorporates the whole global data set is applied. The results and the detailed statistical analysis demonstrate the consistency of the behavior of this recurrence model, as this was established from earlier regional studies. Application of the model to an independent data set shows that the results are robust when different seismic zonation techniques are used. On the contrary, the slip-predictable model is rejected using the same procedure. These results suggest that the time- and magnitude-predictable models can generally be used for practical purposes and hazard estimates in active seismogenic regions, provided that an appropriate data sample, as defined in the present article, is available for each region.
Analysis of the attenuation of strong ground motion on the island of Hawaii
Authors: Munson Clifford G. , Thurber Clifford H.
Published: April 2023

We develop a horizontal peak ground acceleration (PGA) predictive equation for the island of Hawaii by applying the Joyner and Boore (1993, 1994) two-stage regression method to a data set that consists of 51 PGA from 22 events. Magnitudes vary from 4.0 to 7.2, and event depths vary from 4 to 14 km. The resulting equation is

log ⁡ 10 P G A = 0.518 + 0.387 ( M − 6 ) − log ⁡ 10 r − 0.00256 r + 0.335 S ,

where PGA is measured in units of g, M is magnitude, r = (d2 + 11.292)1/2, and S is 0 for lava sites and 1 at ash sites. The distance parameter d is the closest distance from the recording site to the surface projection of the fault rupture area and varies from 0 to 88 km for the Hawaii PGA data set. We find that the attenuation of high- frequency strong ground motion is significantly greater than a previous relationship used for the island of Hawaii. The ash site coefficient S, which represents accelerometer sites with shear-wave velocities that vary from 60 to 200 m/sec, is generally larger than the soil site coefficients in other attenuation relationships.
Reconstruction of seismogenetic structures by multiplet analysis: An example of Western Liguria, Italy
Authors: Cattaneo Marco , Augliera Paolo , Spallarossa Daniele , Eva Claudio
Published: April 2023

This work investigates the spatial distribution of three seismic swarms that occurred in Western Liguria (NW Italy) in 1990 and 1993. The largest events, recorded on July and December 1993, exceeded magnitude 4.0. The routine locations of hypocenters were not able to depict the geometry of the active zone, due to the limitations of the regional seismic network. Also the adoption of different location techniques (“forward” probability estimation, relative locations) did not furnish any particular information on the real spatial distribution of these very closely spaced events.

The analysis of the recorded signals demonstrated the strong coherency among seismograms and suggested the use of doublet-multiplet techniques in order to evaluate the relative position of events. For every swarm, the relative locations obtained (with estimated errors of the order of a few meters) depict clearly the geometry of the very limited area involved in this seismic activity (of the order of 1 km2): all the analyzed events lie (within a few meters) on a plane that is in agreement with one of the planes of the focal mechanism of the mainshocks obtained by first-motion polarities. A strike-slip rupture, with a compressive component, on planes with strike around 80° and dip ranging from 56° to 74°, is in agreement with all the available information. Moreover, using some similar events belonging to the different periods of activity (bridge events), the relative position of the three groups of earthquakes was also determined, showing that the more energetic activity of 1993 reactivated a shallower area contiguous to the sector mobilized in 1990 and characterized by a slightly different dip.
Long-Term Clinical and Functional Results of High-Grade Myopia Correction by Intrastromal Implantation of the MyoRing Ring with Femtolaser Support
Authors: Kulikova I. L. , Terent’eva A. E. , Sinitsyn M. V.
Published: April 2023

Purpose: Analysis of remote clinical functional results of high myopia correction in patients with thin cornea by method of intrastromal MyoRing implantation with Femtolaser assistance.

Materials and methods. 22 eyes of 22 patients were included into investigation, the мean age of patients was 30.20 ± 5.37 (from 24 to 40) years. Mean spherical equivalent (SE) of refraction was –11.52 ± 1.96 D, cylindrical component of refraction was –2.04 ± 1.64 D. Minimal pachymetry index in center was 491.6 ± 20.0 mkm. Corneal hysteresis (CH) was 8.60 ± 1.19 mm Hg. The average pupil diameter in mesopic conditions was 5.60 ± 0.23 mm. All patients had a history of mild amblyopia. Period of control in average 2 years.

Results. In 2 years after the surgery uncorrected visual acuity was 0.60 ± 1.22, corrected visual acuity 0.70 ± 0.20. Mean spherical equivalent (SE) of refraction was 0.61 ± 1.43 D, cylindrical component of refraction was –0.13 ± 0.50 D. Predictability of SE within ±0.5 D was 84 %, ±1.0 — 84 %. Index of safety was 1.16, index of efficacy — 1.0. CH was 9.50 ± 0.03 mm Hg. Mean pachymetry at center after the surgery did not change statistically significant in comparison with initial data (p = 1.00).

Conclusion. MyoRing implantation is an effective and safe method, it provides: refraction spherical component correction, astigmatism correction and CH increase (p = 0.01).
Multimodal Imaging of Quiescent Choroidal Neovascularization: Status of Retinal Pigment Epithelium
Authors: Kulikov A. N. , Maltsev D. S. , Perminova S. M. , Vasilev A. S.
Published: April 2023

Purpose: to study the status of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) over the area of quiescent choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in comparison with active CNV in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).

Patients and methods: This study included 17 patients with quiescent CNV (6 males and 11 females, mean age 74.9 ± 10.0 years) and 28 patients with active CNV (8 males and 20 females, average age 69.3 ± 6.8 years). All participants received a standard ophthalmological examination, including spectral optical coherence tomography (OCT), dark-field scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (DF-SLO) and autofluorescence. Using ImageJ, the brightness of the image in the projection of the CNV was evaluated. The vascular density of the membrane was assessed using OCT angiography.

Results: The vascular density of quiescent CNV was statistically significantly higher than that of active CNV with a median value of 64.5 % (95 % confidence interval (CI) 53.4–79.0 %) and 55.3 % (95 % CI 52.2–60.0 %) (p = 0.05). Image brightness in the silent membrane region was significantly lower by compared with active CNV, both according to OCT transillumination data (p = 0.004) and according to DF-SLO data (p = 0.0015). There were no differences in autofluorescence indices between active and quiescent CNV (p = 0.44).

Conclusion: Multimodal imaging indicates significant loss of integrity of RPE over active CNV, which corresponds to their lower vascular density according to OCT angiography.