bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intersecting social determinants of health among patients with childcare needs: a cross-sectional analysis of social vulnerability
Authors: Ganguly Anisha P. , Alvarez Kristin S. , Mathew Sheryl R. , Soni Virali , Vadlamani Suman , Balasubramanian Bijal A. , Bhavan Kavita P.
Published: February 2024

Introduction

Access to childcare is an understudied social determinant of health (SDOH). Our health system established a childcare facility for patients to address childcare barriers to healthcare. Recognizing that social risk factors often co-exist, we sought to understand intersecting social risk factors among patients with childcare needs who utilized and did not utilize the childcare facility and identify residual unmet social needs alongside childcare needs.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of patients who enrolled in the childcare facility from November 2020 to October 2022 to compare parameters of the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) associated with the census tract extracted from electronic medical record (EMR) data among utilizers and non-utilizers of the facility. Overall SVI and segmentation into four themes of vulnerability (socioeconomic status, household characteristics, racial/ethnic minority status, and housing type/transportation) were compared across utilizers and utilizers. Number of 90th percentile indicators were also compared to assess extreme levels of vulnerability. A sample of utilizers additionally received a patient-reported social needs screening questionnaire administered at the childcare facility.

Results

Among 400 enrollees in the childcare facility, 70% utilized childcare services and 30% did not. Utilizers and non-utilizers were demographically similar, though utilizers were more likely to speak Spanish (34%) compared to non-utilizers (22%). Mean SVI was similar among utilizers and non-utilizers, but the mean number of 90th percentile indicators were higher for non-utilizers compared to utilizers (4.3 ± 2.7 vs 3.7 ± 2.7, p = 0.03), primarily driven by differences in the housing type/transportation theme (p = 0.01). Non-utilizers had a lower rate of healthcare utilization compared to utilizers (p = 0.02). Among utilizers who received patient-reported screening, 84% had one unmet social need identified, of whom 62% agreed for additional assistance. Among social work referrals, 44% were linked to social workers in their medical clinics, while 56% were supported by social work integrated in the childcare facility.

Conclusions

This analysis of SDOH approximated by SVI showed actionable differences, potentially transportation barriers, among patients with childcare needs who utilized a health system-integrated childcare facility and patients who did not utilize services. Furthermore, residual unmet social needs among patients who utilized the facility demonstrate the multifactorial nature of social risk factors experienced by patients with childcare needs and opportunities to address intersecting social needs within an integrated intervention. Intersecting social needs require holistic examination and multifaceted interventions.
Quadruple pharmacotherapy for alcohol use disorder tolerable yet insufficient: a case report
Authors: Terasaki Dale , Ellinwood Aimee , White Dan
Published: February 2024

Background

Combinations of alcohol use disorder (AUD) medications have been investigated, but few if any reports describe patients maintained on more than two options at the same time.

Case presentation

We report a case of a middle-aged man hospitalized with gastrointestinal bleeding and acute kidney injury who had been maintained on four AUD medications (naltrexone, acamprosate, disulfiram, and gabapentin) and multiple psychiatric medications simultaneously as an outpatient. Direct quotations of his experiences with each AUD medication are included, revealing some deviations from what was prescribed as well as nuanced perceptions of effects. Overall, he tolerated the regimen well, but its AUD effects were insufficient to prevent several episodes of returning to alcohol use. He had very high hospital utilization. This prompted the initiation of an involuntary commitment, which began a period of at least six months of sobriety.

Conclusions

Quadruple pharmacotherapy for AUD may be well tolerated and supportive of recovery for an extended period of time. However, for our patient the regimen ultimately failed to prevent multiple episodes of returning to alcohol use and serious medical complications. In refractory cases like this, more intensive interventions such as involuntary commitment can be considered.
Knowledge, attitudes and behaviours of a sample of Italian paediatricians towards RSV and its preventive strategies: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Congedo Giulia , Lombardi Gaia Surya , Zjalic Doris , Di Russo Mattia , La Gatta Emanuele , Regazzi Luca , Indolfi Giuseppe , Staiano Annamaria , Cadeddu Chiara
Published: February 2024

Background

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) infection mainly affects newborns, infants and young children aged < 2 years. Since an RSV vaccine is in the European Medicines Agency’s waitlist validation, nowadays the prevention only includes passive immunization with monoclonal antibodies (mAb). In the present study we aimed at investigating Italian paediatricians’ knowledge, attitudes and behaviours towards RSV and its prevention.

Methods

From February to May 2023, an anonymous online questionnaire, with answers based on the Likert scale, was administered to a sample of Italian paediatricians’ members of the Italian Society of Paediatrics. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed using STATA 17.

Results

The paediatricians who answered the questionnaire were 507, mostly women (70.6%), aged 30–45 (33.1%), employed in hospitals in 66.6% of cases. The 10.8% of respondents reported that RSV is transmitted only among children younger than 2 years of age and 80.33% of participants that school-age children are not at risk of developing severe forms of RSV disease. The 25% of participants thought that active immunization is currently available to prevent RSV infection and 35.7% that does not exist passive immunization to prevent RSV for infants and newborns aged < 2 years. The 97.5% of physicians managed bronchiolitis cases and 65.6% of participants did not prescribe the administration of mAb. Higher age, seniority and RSV knowledge score were found to be associated with having a higher mAb knowledge score (p < 0.001) and having a higher RSV knowledge was associated with a higher mAb knowledge score (p < 0.001). The logistic regression model found that the odds of a positive attitude towards mAB knowledge score increased by over 3 times (OR 3.23, 95% CI [1.41, 7.40], p = 0.006) for being female and the odds of a positive attitude towards mAB knowledge score increased by almost 10 times (OR 9.73, 95% CI [3.06, 30.89], p < 0.001) for a one-unit increase in RSV knowledge score.

Conclusions

Paediatricians’ limited knowledge or awareness could represent a barrier to the implementation of preventive strategies against RSV infection. Strategies to improve paediatricians’ education on RSV prevention are, therefore, crucial.
Clinical outcomes of simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation in elderly type II diabetic recipients
Authors: Cao Yu , Zhao Jie , Feng Gang , Wang Zhen , Wei Jianghao , Xu Yang , Mo Chunbai , Song Wenli
Published: February 2024

The effect of age on outcomes after simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation (SPK) among type II diabetes (T2DM) recipients remains inconclusive. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the age at time of transplantation and mortality, graft loss and metabolic profiles of T2DM SPK recipients. A retrospective cohort consisting of T2MD SPK recipients in a single transplant center was established. The baseline clinical characteristics and outcomes were collected and analyzed based on the age groups divided by 55-year-old. Time-to-event data analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier method, and competing risk method was adopted to calculate the cumulative incidence of graft loss. A mixed regression model was applied to compare metabolic outcomes including glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and higher estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). 103 T2DM SPK recipients were included, of which 35 were > = 55 years old and 68 were < 55 years old. Baseline characteristics were comparable between age groups. The results indicated that comparable 5-year survival outcomes between groups with functioning grafts perioperatively. Additionally, no relationship of age with graft loss, complications and metabolic outcomes was detected.
Preoperative endothelial dysfunction for the prediction of acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass: a pilot study based on a second analysis of the MONS study
Authors: Abrard Stanislas , Streichenberger Antoine , Riou Jérémie , Hersant Jeanne , Rineau Emmanuel , Jacquet-Lagrèze Matthias , Fouquet Olivier , Henni Samir , Rimmelé Thomas
Published: February 2024

Background

Up to 42% of patients develop acute kidney injury (AKI) after cardiac surgery. The aim of this study was to describe the relationship between preoperative microcirculatory function and postoperative AKI after cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).

Methods

The prospective observational cohort MONS enrolled 60 patients scheduled for valvular (n = 30, 50%) or coronary (n = 30, 50%) surgery using CPB. Preoperative microcirculation was assessed during preoperative consultation from January 2019 to April 2019 at the University Hospital of Angers, France, using endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent reactivity tests on the forearm (iontophoresis of acetylcholine (ACh) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP), respectively). Skin blood flow was measured by laser speckle contrast imaging. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of AKI according to the KDIGO classification during the hospital stay.

Results

Forty-three (71.7%) patients developed AKI during the in-hospital follow-up, and 15 (25%) were classified as KDIGO stage 1, 20 (33%) KDIGO stage 2, and 8 (13%) KDIGO stage 3. Regarding preoperative microcirculation, a higher peak amplitude of vasodilation in response to iontophoresis of ACh was found in patients with postoperative occurrence of AKI (35 [20–49] vs 23 [9–44] LSPU, p = 0.04). Iontophoresis of SNP was not significantly different according to AKI occurrence (34 [22–49] vs 36 [20–50] LSPU, p = 0.95). In a multivariable model, the preoperative peak amplitude at iontophoresis of ACh was independently associated with postoperative AKI (OR 1.045 [1.001–1.092], p = 0.045).

Conclusions

The preoperative peak amplitude of endothelium-dependent vasodilation is independently associated with the postoperative occurrence of AKI.

Trial registration

Clinical-Trials.gov, NCT03631797. Registered 15 August 2018, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03631797
Mechanical behavior assessment of retaining wall structure due to frost heave of frozen ground
Authors: Woo Hyeon-Jae , Go Gyu-Hyun
Published: February 2024

Frost heave action is a major issue in permafrost regions, leading to various geotechnical engineering problems. In this study, we assess the mechanical behavior of a concrete retaining wall subjected to frost heave under different ground conditions. The assessment utilizes ABAQUS integrated with several user subroutines. The numerical simulation model employs a thermo-mechanical coupled analysis with a porosity rate function, which enables to simulate time-dependent variations in porosity and frost heave of the backfill soil. After verification of the predictive reliability of the simulation model, the frost heave action in the soil and mechanical response of the retaining wall were evaluated regarding the initial groundwater level and presence of a drainage material on the backside of the retaining wall. According to the simulation results, as the initial groundwater level decreased in the backfill soil, the area susceptible to frost heave decreased. However, the von Mises stresses applied to the retaining wall increased. Under the same ground conditions, when the drainage material was installed on the backside of the retaining wall, the frost heave pressure acting on the wall significantly decreased, and less deformation and distortion of the retaining wall occurred.
Association between obesity and new-onset heart failure among patients with hypertension in Thailand
Authors: Sakboonyarat Boonsub , Poovieng Jaturon , Rangsin Ram
Published: February 2024

Background

In Thailand, the epidemiological data on the relationship between obesity and heart failure (HF) among high-risk populations was limited. We assessed the association between body mass index (BMI) and the new-onset HF among people with hypertension (HTN), and also assessed the effect modifier of uncontrolled HTN on this association.

Methods

We analyzed the data obtained from the 2018 Thailand DM/HT study database. Thai people with HTN aged 20 years and older receiving continuous care at outpatient clinics in hospitals nationwide were included. The new-onset HF was defined regarding the ICD-10 as I50 in the medical records within 12 months. Obesity was defined as BMI $$\ge$$
≥
25 kg/m2. Multivariable log-binomial regression analysis was used to determine the association between BMI and new-onset HF and presented as the adjusted risk ratio (aRR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results

A total of 35,756 participants were included in the analysis. In all, 50.0% of the participants had BP control for the last two consecutive visits. The mean BMI was 25.1 $$\pm$$
±
4.7 kg/m2. New-onset HF occurred in 75 participants (0.21%; 95% CI 0.17–0.26). After adjusting for potential confounders, an elevated BMI was associated with new-onset HF (p value for quadratic trend < 0.001). In comparison with participants with normal BMI (18.5–22.9 kg/m2), the aRR for new-onset HF was 1.57 (95% CI 0.80–3.07) and 3.97 (95% CI 1.95–8.10) in those with BMI 25.0–29.9, and ≥ 30.0 kg/m2. For participants with obesity, aRR for new-onset HF was 2.05 (95% CI 1.24–3.39) compared to non-obese participants. The study found that among patients with control BP, obesity was associated with a higher risk of new-onset HF with an adjusted RR of 2.33 (95% CI 1.12–4.83). For those with uncontrolled BP, the adjusted RR was 1.83 (95% CI 0.93–3.58), but there was no heterogeneity with p value = 0.642.

Conclusion

An increased BMI had a higher risk for new-onset HF among Thai people with HTN. Obesity was independently associated with new-onset HF among people with HTN, regardless of uncontrolled HTN. Our findings highlight that weight reduction is crucial for mitigating the risk of HF development in HTN patients, regardless of their BP control status.
Eating Out in Contemporary Hanoi: Middle-Class Food Practices, Capitalist Transformations, and the Late-Socialist Good Life
Authors: Hansen Arve
Published: February 2024

Vietnam's embrace of the Leninist-capitalist hybrid known as the socialist market economy has led to a number of food transformations. These include increasing food imports, heavy investment by powerful domestic and foreign actors in food production and retailing, and the scaling up of domestic agriculture, as well as a range of problematic dietary changes. In an urban food scene that is tremendously rich in the number and diversity of its food spaces, the prevalence of eating out has increased dramatically. Related to affordability, convenience, time, consumer culture, and the search for the good life, eating out has become embedded in everyday life in late-socialist Hanoi. Ongoing food transformations are seeing many of these food practices move from the streets to air-conditioned restaurants. Based on eating ethnography, this article analyzes the boom in eating out in contemporary Hanoi. Studying the interplay among social practices, urban foodscapes, and political economy, and focusing on the middle-class good life and the structural conditions underpinning it, the article analyzes the visible and invisible geographies of food. The latter includes the increasing dominance of capitalist actors in late-socialist foodscapes as cheap food is enabled by intensified animal slaughter and the deep structural inequalities produced by Vietnam's compressed capitalism.
Mental Models and Learning: The Case of Base-Rate Neglect
Authors: Esponda Ignacio , Vespa Emanuel , Yuksel Sevgi
Published: February 2024

We experimentally document persistence of suboptimal behavior despite ample opportunities to learn from feedback in a canonical updating problem where people suffer from base-rate neglect. Our results provide insights on the mechanisms hindering learning from feedback. Importantly, our results suggest mistakes are more likely to be persistent when they are driven by incorrect mental models that miss or misrepresent important aspects of the environment. Such models induce confidence in initial answers, limiting engagement with and learning from feedback. We substantiate these insights in an alternative scenario where individuals involved in a voting problem overlook the importance of being pivotal. (JEL D83, D91)
Materiały do bioty porostów Przemkowskiego Parku Krajobrazowego (południowo-zachodnia Polska)
Authors: Fałtynowicz Wiesław , Fałtynowicz Hanna
Published: February 2024

A total of 127 species of lichens, mainly epiphytic and terrestrial, were found in the Przemkowski Landscape Park. The biota of epiphytes in forests is extremely poor, which is mainly due to the history of this area; in the past, air pollution here was very high. A positive aspect is the visible process of recolonization in the form of the presence of numerous species of the genera Bryoria, Ramalina and Usnea on young trees (mainly birches). In places, ground lichens are abundant in vast, dry heaths and sandy grasslands. Rock lichens grow mainly on anthropogenic rocks, which are remnants of the military infrastructure of the former military training ground.
Gender and race inequalities among state and local level bureaucrats in Brazil
Authors: Mendes Jose Teles
Published: February 2024

This paper analyzes gender and race inequalities in wages and career progression among state and local-level bureaucrats in Brazil. It draws upon data from the Brazilian official report on labor activities Relação Anual de Informações Sociais (Rais) provided by Atlas do Estado Brasileiro and applies matching and regression techniques to estimate the effects of gender and race on wages and career progression chances. Findings show that there are still strong inequalities between men and women, and White and Black population. Considering the intersectionalities between gender and race, Black women are at the bottom of the wage and career hierarchy among both state and locallevel bureaucrats. Conversely, White men earn the highest wages and occupy the most prestigious career positions.
Rupturas e tendências da comunicação digital
Authors: Piaia Victor , Tomaz Renata , Ruediger Marco , Grassi Amaro , Guedes Ana
Published: February 2024

A acelerada digitalização da sociedade gera transbordamento da lógica midiática para áreas como política, economia e cultura e reconfigura relações de poder e de mercado contemporâneas.
Desigualdade de gênero no mercado financeiro: uma verdade inconveniente
Authors: Quirantes Checon Bianca , Mendonça Penido Sampaio Gomes Laura , Emiko Yoshinaga Claudia
Published: February 2024

Pesquisa mostra que mulheres são subrepresentadas no mercado financeiro tanto em tipos de cargo que ocupam como em níveis de remuneração. Como mudar esse cenário?
ПОБЕДА И ТРИУМФ КАК СОСТАВЛЯЮЩИЕ РУССКОЙ МЕНТАЛЬНОСТИ
Authors: Bodrikov Alexey
Published: February 2024

В предлагаемой работе представлена характеристика структур милитарных концептов русской лингвокультуры триумф и победа; выявлены закономерности и прослежены тенденции развития структур рассматриваемых милитарных концептов. Рекомендуется студентам, магистрантам, аспирантам, а также специалистам в области лингвокультурологии.
Digital Skills of the Members of Educational Sommunity as a Factor of Successful Internet Communication: Response to the Book by K.A. Milovanov “IT Training for Teachers” (M.:Publishing books com, 2020. 192 p.)
Authors: Dacko D.
Published: February 2024

The digital transformation of the science and higher education field is one of the priority tasks implemented by the Government of the Russian Federation. However, at this stage, there are a number of problems, including inequality of digital skills among members of the educational community, which leads to communication failures in the online space. The peer-reviewed educational publication “IT Training for Teachers” by K.A. Milovanov sets the goal of tamping down inequality in digital competences, knowledge and skills among participants in the educational process. The manual analyzes the issues of distance learning, choosing an online platform for conducting lectures and classes, data backup, and provides recommendations for the use of equipment and special applications for recording videos, making presentations and organizing interactive teaching activities, etc.
UCB-Type Learning Algorithms with Kaplan–Meier Estimator for Lost-Sales Inventory Models with Lead Times
Authors: Lyu Chengyi , Zhang Huanan , Xin Linwei
Published: February 2024

Efficient Learning Algorithms for the Best Capped Base-Stock Policy in Lost Sales Inventory Systems

Periodic review, lost sales inventory systems with lead times are notoriously challenging to optimize. Recently, the capped base-stock policy, which places orders to bring the inventory position up to the order-up-to level subject to the order cap, has demonstrated exceptional performance. In the paper “UCB-Type Learning Algorithms with Kaplan–Meier Estimator for Lost Sales Inventory Models with Lead Times,” Lyu, Zhang, and Xin propose an upper confidence bound–type learning framework. This framework, which incorporates simulations with the Kaplan–Meier estimator, works with censored demand observations. It can be applied to determine the optimal capped base-stock policy with a tight regret with respect to the planning horizon and the optimal base-stock policy with a regret that matches the best existing result. Both theoretical analysis and extensive numerical experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed learning framework.
Hope and dementia
Authors: Pepper Amy
Published: February 2024

Dementia is a terminal and progressive condition which often brings with it a loss of hope, and feelings of hopelessness in those living with the condition and their family carers. Community nurses are in a unique position of being able to interact with people with dementia and their family carers in their own homes, or the care settings in which they reside, and in some case, will be the only professionals with regular contact with the family. Therefore, they have the opportunity to increase feelings of hope in those they work with. This article will discuss the concept of hope as it relates to dementia. It goes on to give an overview of Snyder's model of hope, which presents hope as a cognitive state, and therefore presents the opportunity for professionals to increase feelings of hope. An overview of the research evidence around hope-based interventions is then given, with the ideas applied to community nursing practice using a case study. This article aims to add some hope-based interventions to the toolkit of community nurses as they work with people and families affected by dementia.
Neonatal outcomes following one previous caesarean section
Authors: Hardy Deniece , Essex Ryan
Published: February 2024

Background/Aims

Vaginal birth following a previous caesarean section is considered a safe option for subsequent births following personal planning and counselling. The aim of this study was to compare neonatal outcomes for both elective caesarean and vaginal birth after a previous caesarean section to aid decision making for women/pregnant people.

Methods

This quantitative study used retrospective data from low-risk pregnant people/women at term with one previous caesarean section (n=392). Logistic regression was used to determine the impact of mode of birth on neonatal outcomes. Further descriptive analyses were carried out to explore the results and reasons for admission to neonatal unit.

Results

Apgar scores were higher in the vaginal birth group compared to the elective repeat caesarean group. There were no differences in neonatal unit admissions by mode of birth.

Conclusions

There is minimal difference in neonatal outcomes, regardless of intention for either vaginal birth following a previous caesarean section or elective repeat caesarean. To fully investigate the factors that impacted Apgar scores and neonatal unit admissions for these groups, a much larger sample is needed.
Effectiveness of sensory integration therapy in children, focusing on Korean children: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Oh Seri , Jang Jong-Sik , Jeon A-Ra , Kim Geonwoo , Kwon Mihwa , Cho Bahoe , Lee Narae
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

Sensory integration intervention is highly related to the child's effective interaction with the environment and the child's development. Currently, various sensory integration interventions are being applied, but research methodological problems are arising due to unsystematic protocols. This study aims to present the optimal intervention protocol by presenting scientific standards for sensory integration intervention through meta-analysis.

AIM

To prove the effectiveness of sensory integration therapy, examine the latest trend of sensory integration studies in Korea, and provide clinical evidence for sensory integration therapies.

METHODS

The database of Korean search engines, including RISS, KISS, and DBpia, was used to search for related literature published from 2001 to October 2020. The keywords, “Children”, “Sensory integration”, “Integrated sensory”, “Sensory-motor”, and “Sensory stimulation” were used in this search. Then, a meta-analysis was conducted on 24 selected studiesRISS, KISS, and DBpia, was used to search for related literature published from 2001 to October 2020. The keywords, “Children”, “Sensory integration”, “Integrated sensory”, “Sensory-motor”, and “Sensory stimulation” were used in this search. Then, a meta-analysis was conducted on 24 selected studies.

RESULTS

Sensory integration intervention has been proven effective in children with cerebral palsy, autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, developmental disorder, and intellectual disability in relation to the diagnosis of children. Regarding sensory integration therapies, 1:1 individual treatment with a therapist or a therapy session lasting for 40 min was most effective. In terms of dependent variables, sensory integration therapy effectively promoted social skills, adaptive behavior, sensory processing, and gross motor and fine motor skills.

CONCLUSION

The results of this study may be used as therapeutic evidence for sensory integration intervention in the clinical field of occupational therapy for children, and can help to present standards for sensory integration intervention protocols.
Reversal of complete atrioventricular block in dialysis patients following parathyroidectomy: A case report
Authors: Xu Shan-Shan , Hao Li-Hai , Guan Yan-Meng
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

Refractory secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) is a common complication observed in patients with end-stage renal disease and can result in ectopic calcification. Metastatic calcification involving the heart valves and the conduction system can easily lead to arrhythmias, including atrioventricular block. This case report describes a maintenance hemodialysis patient with refractory SHPT resulting in a complete atrioventricular block (CAVB), which was eventually reversed to a first-degree atrioventricular block.

CASE SUMMARY

We present the case of a 31-year-old Asian female who was receiving maintenance hemodialysis because of lupus nephropathy. She developed SHPT, and an electrocardiogram revealed a first-degree atrioventricular block. Then, she underwent parathyroidectomy (PTX) with autotransplantation. Unfortunately, a few years later, she developed SHPT again, and an electrocardiogram revealed a CAVB. A few years after the second PTX surgery, the calcification of the left atrium and left ventricle improved, and her CAVB was reversed.

CONCLUSION

This case revealed that metastatic cardiac calcification can result in complete atrioventricular blockage. Following parathyroid surgery, calcification of the cardiac conduction system improved, leading to reversal of the atrioventricular block. It is important for dialysis patients to optimize intact parathyroid hormone therapy and pay attention to calcification metastasis.
ConexiónCrossref Bogotá24
Authors: Collins Susan , Montillo Luis
Published: February 2024

El 22 de febrero de 2024 Crossref realizó un taller en Bogotá en el Wyndham Bogotá Nos acompañaron compañeros de Biteca, patrocinador de Crossref, Scielo, PKP, COPE, y DOAJ. Temas incluidos: Nexo de investigación: Fundamentos de Crossref para editores académicos - Susan Collins/Crossref Metadatos de calidad y su influencia en la visibilidad de las publicaciones - Arley Soto / Biteca Introducción a la API de Crossref, cómo buscar metadatos y metadatos complementarios - Luis Montilla / Crossref Scielo 25 años: ciencia abierta con IDEIA - Alex Mendonça/Scielo Brasil La integridad de las revistas - Juan Pablo Alperin / PKP Ética en la edición - Nancy Chescheir / COPE Cómo los criterios de DOAJ apuntan hacia un ecosistema de publicación justo, inclusivo y global - Ivonne Lujano / DOAJ
Phytochemical Screening and Antihyperglycemic Effects of Stevia rebaudiana Leaves Extract on Glucose Loaded Rats
Authors: Jamal Sharmin , Barua Suman , Barua Abhijit , Morshed A. J. M. , Akter Rasheda , Akhter Shireen
Published: February 2024

This study focused on Stevia rebaudiana, a plant known for its sweet taste and unique medicinal properties in managing diabetes complications. The research aimed to evaluate the antihyperglycemic potential of crude ethanolic and aqueous extracts from Stevia rebaudiana leaves, utilizing the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) on albino rats subjected to glucose loading. Additionally, a thorough phytochemical analysis was conducted to identify essential secondary metabolites present in the extracts. The study involved five groups, each comprising equal number of male Wistar albino rats. Groups II, III, IV, and V received an oral solution of 8 gm/kg glucose. Group IV was administered a 2 gm/kg ethanolic extract, while Group V received a 2 gm/kg aqueous extract. Blood glucose levels (BGL) were monitored at specified intervals of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes. Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of various phytoconstituents in the extracts. The ethanolic extract demonstrated a 39.49% reduction in blood glucose levels, and the aqueous extract exhibited a 35.39% reduction. Both extracts from Stevia rebaudiana leaves displayed significant antihyperglycemic effects in glucose-loaded rats after 120 minutes.
Achieving High Removal Efficiency and Membrane Sustainability in Pulp and Paper Industry MBR System
Authors: Kalshan Savita , Dhankhar Rajesh , Narwal Shivani , Chhillar Amit , Yadav Poonam , Yadav Sashi
Published: February 2024

This study investigates the design, configuration, and optimization of a membrane bioreactor (MBR) system for the amelioration of industrial effluent. The study focuses on mitigating membrane fouling and reusing the treated wastewater. The MBR system is designed and configured with different operating parameters, including nano-bubble technology and hydraulic retention time (HRT), to optimize the removal efficiency of pollutants. The effect of HRT on the percentage elimination of pollutants in the wastewater treated by MBR systems is investigated, and the dynamic relationship between the mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) and HRT is studied to optimize the biological treatment process. The relationship between permeate flux and temperature is also investigated to optimize the operational conditions of MBR systems. Trans-membrane pressure monitoring and cleaning techniques are employed to mitigate membrane fouling in MBR systems. It is assessed if it is feasible to reuse the treated wastewater for commercial purposes. According to the data, the MBR system with nano-bubble technology and a 12-hour HRT had the best pollution removal effectiveness (97.5%). It was discovered that the dynamic link between MLSS and HRT was crucial for optimising the biological treatment procedure, and that 25°C was the ideal temperature for MBR operation. The treated wastewater was found to be suitable for reuse in industrial applications, and the trans-membrane pressure monitoring and cleaning approaches were successful in reducing membrane fouling. With the potential to improve both the environment and the economy, the study's findings offer important insights into the design of long-term, sustainable MBR systems for the treatment of industrial wastewater.
UHPLC Specific Method for Simultaneous Determination of Probable Impurities of Ezetimibeand Simvastatin in Combined Dosage Form
Authors: Vadivelu Anantha Lakshmi , Vittal Sathapathy Panduranga , Suryakala Duvvuri
Published: February 2024

Method development, degradation impurities that may appear in Ezetimibe, Simvastatin tablets with Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC or UPLC) technique. Water’s Acquity High strength (HSS) T31.8µ, 100x 2.1mm column is used for critical separation between closely eluting impurities originating from the combined dosage form. Perchloric acid buffer (1.0 mL/L)and acetonitrile are selected as Elution phase A, B. The resolution between polar, mid polar and highly polar impurities is achieved with flow of 0.5 mL per minute in step gradient mode with short run time. Detection was done at 238nm for quantification of both Ezetimibe and Simvastatin impurities. Method validation is performed as per compound requirement. The validated UHPLC method is specific and stability demonstrating for process or degradation impurities that may originate from drug product or peaks appears during stress degradation in Ezetimibe and Simvastatin tablets . The method was accurate, robust and validation is as per ICH guide lines. The results are more reliable, precise and reproducible.
¿Qué sabemos acerca del impacto social de los programas de ApS universitario? Un estudio de caso
Authors: Lalueza José Luis , Peries Diana , Valdivia Paloma , Blanch-Gelabert Sílvia
Published: February 2024

Este estudio se realizó en el marco de la institucionalización del Aprendizaje-Servicio (ApS) en la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), con el objetivo de proporcionar una visión general de cómo el ApS involucra y afecta a diferentes destinatarios, en qué áreas se produce este impacto y quiénes son los agentes implicados en su evaluación. No constituye un programa homogéneo de evaluación, sino un primer paso para comprender cómo el ApS influye en la universidad y su entorno. El análisis se basó en 53 proyectos ApS llevados a cabo en la UAB durante los cursos 2019-20 y 2020-21. Los resultados muestran que predomina el impacto en los aprendizajes del alumnado, y que el impacto en las entidades se relaciona con el acompañamiento y asesoramiento para la mejora de estas. En la comunidad, el impacto se observa principalmente en el desarrollo de la misma y el aumento de su conexión a otras comunidades y servicios. A nivel social, el impacto predomina en la esfera de concienciación y problematización. Además, se investiga en qué áreas de intervención -relacionadas con los ODS (Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible)- se da el impacto social, y se observa que la salud, la educación, la consolidación de instituciones, la reducción de desigualdades y el cuidado del medio ambiente son áreas destacadas. En resumen, este estudio ofrece una visión general del ApS y nos permite aproximarnos a conocer cómo se evalúa el impacto de los proyectos en la UAB, contribuyendo a la comprensión de esta práctica en la universidad.
Aprendizaje-servicio y aprendizaje basado en proyectos. Intersecciones en una iniciativa de innovación docente universitaria en soporte online
Authors: Ruiz-Bejarano Aurora María , Cotán Almudena
Published: February 2024

El trabajo explora y analiza una experiencia de aprendizaje-servicio en la que participaron 48 alumnas de primer curso del Grado en Educación Infantil de la Universidad de Cádiz y la escuela infantil La Algaida, situada en el mismo campus universitario. La experiencia estuvo marcada por dos características singulares. En primer lugar, el aprendizaje-servicio fue encuadrado dentro de una experiencia de innovación docente más general desarrollada a través de la metodología de aprendizaje basado en proyectos. En segundo lugar, el grueso de su organización y de su desarrollo tuvo lugar de manera online, a través de las herramientas ofrecidas por el campus virtual de la asignatura y mediante el recurso de las videoconferencias. En líneas generales, los resultados fueron positivos tanto en lo concerniente a los aprendizajes adquiridos por las alumnas como en lo relativo al servicio solidario prestado a una escuela infantil de primer ciclo local. No obstante, la evaluación de la experiencia dejó al descubierto la necesidad de buscar fórmulas para realizar un seguimiento presencial del proceso de elaboración de los materiales que constituyeron el servicio prestado.
El aprendizaje-servicio cocurricular en la educación superior: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Andrade-Zapata José Santiago , López-Vélez Ana Luisa
Published: February 2024

El objetivo de la presente revisión sistemática busca confirmar la presencia del aprendizaje-servicio cocurricular (en adelante ApS cocurricular) en la universidad, distinguir sus características particulares y analizar qué competencias se desarrollan a diferencia de su modalidad curricular. Para el efecto, se han formulado las preguntas de investigación con la aplicación de la estrategia PICO. Esta revisión sistemática se ha desarrollado a través del protocolo PRISMA que ha permitido indagar en las bases de datos Google Académico, Web of Science, ERIC, Scopus, Education Research Complete y Education Database. Los resultados indican que el ApS cocurricular constituye un espacio de aprendizaje reconocido por algunas instituciones de educación superior, trabaja competencias de desarrollo personal y, en algunos casos, profesionalizantes, asociadas al currículo con relación a objetivos de aprendizaje plasmados en los objetivos de servicio y tiene un importante componente reflexivo. En lo relativo a la acreditación de las experiencias de ApS cocurriculares, se dan diferencias relevantes, en algunos casos recibe créditos o constituye un requisito de titulación y, en otros, es un espacio voluntario. Con respecto al tiempo de dedicación, se implementa en espacios temporales más flexibles que el ApS curricular, lo que permite un sostenimiento de la relación con el socio comunitario.
Between World-Imagining and World-Making: Politics of Fin-de-Siècle Universalism and Transimperial Indo-U.S. Brotherhood
Authors: Kim Sophie-Jung Hyun
Published: February 2024

Abstract: Universalism has driven many imaginations of the world. From civilizational discourse to cosmopolitan ethics, universalism as an idea and ideal have mobilized various political units, social activism, and religious movements. This article introduces a hitherto neglected expression of religious universalism in the fin-de-siècle—Indo-U.S. brotherhood. Unlike other colonial Indian and U.S.-American connections, this alliance was designed to be ephemeral and rooted in the transimperial moment of rising U.S. power, rather than in anti-imperialism. The article traces the emergence, dispersion, and afterlives of transimperial Indo-U.S. brotherhood to reveal the politics of universalism, which involved processes of marginalization and unfolded around the intersection of gender, race, and religion. The article reorients us to move beyond the important discussion of “multiple universals” and to place ephemerality and exclusion at the center of our historical investigation of how universalism has shaped diverse world-imagination and world-making.
Britain’s Atomic Energy Strategy toward Japan: The Anglo-American “Special Relationship,” 1945–1959
Authors: Okuda Kenzo
Published: February 2024

Abstract: Atomic energy has played an important role in international relations as a means of state power. From 1945 to 1959, Japan was significantly influenced by developments in atomic energy as a result of the Anglo-American “special relationship.” During World War II, Britain and the United States cooperated to develop atomic weapons to use against Japan. In the ensuing Cold War era, the two countries advanced peaceful uses of atomic energy for Japan to counter the influence of the Soviet Union through psychological warfare. The U.S. Atomic Energy Peace Mission visited Japan in May 1955. However, the Japanese government altered its nuclear policy to solicit support from Britain because the United States was falling behind in atomic energy development. A British nuclear reactor was used as the first commercial nuclear power station, in 1959, whereby Britain earned parity with the United States in the context of nuclear power.
On the Cover: Showcasing China's On-the-Job Training in Rural Africa
Authors: Kifyasi Andrea Azizi
Published: February 2024

abstract: The cover of this issue of Technology and Culture illustrates how China implemented—and promoted—on-the-job training in Africa. The image shows a Tanzanian dentist practicing dentistry under the supervision of a Chinese doctor in rural Tanzania, probably in the 1970s. Despite the ineffectiveness of the on-the-job training model, the photograph attempts to project the success of the dental surgery techniques exchanged between China and Tanzania, using simple medical equipment rather than sophisticated medical knowledge. The rural setting reflects the ideological struggle of the Cold War era, when Chinese doctors and rural mobile clinics sought to save lives in the countryside, while doctors from other countries engaged in Cold War competition worked primarily in cities. This essay argues that images were essential propaganda tools during the Cold War and urges historians of technology to use images critically by considering the contexts that influenced their creation.
Prison Papermaking: Colonial Ideals of Industrial Experimentation in India
Authors: Lanzillo Amanda M.
Published: February 2024

abstract: This article questions the economic rationale of colonial experimentation and prison labor, arguing that for many administrators a prison-based experiment's success mattered less than its existence. It examines the position of convict labor and penal discipline within colonial industrial experiments in colonial India, where convicts performed experiments for what one administrator described as "the most penal" form of labor, papermaking. The belief that Indian fibers could open a new export market for global papermaking meant that prisons became prominent sites of experimentation with new pulps. Regional prisons gained state monopolies for handmade paper, often decimating local independent producers. Yet prison and industrial officers counterintuitively positioned the frequent failures of papermaking experiments as a continuing potential source for industrial improvement. They argued that the failures demonstrated the need to improve discipline and supervision. Prison experiments slotted convicts into repetitive, mechanized roles that served European investigations into the utility of Indian products.
Creating a User-Inventor Community: How Disabled People Innovated and Marketed Disability in Early Nineteenth-Century America
Authors: Daen Laurel
Published: February 2024

abstract: Early nineteenth-century America's robust trade in medical and health care products is richly documented, yet many scholars have overlooked just what role people with impairments played in that industry as inventors and retailers, forming relationships with clients based on their shared experiences of disability. A study of newspaper advertisements, patents, organizational records, medical accounts, and objects suggests that many impaired and formerly impaired producers marketed products to impaired consumers, creating an organic and unselfconscious network of disabled people who made, sold, and bought knowledge and devices about and for disability. Recovering this world of disabled inventors, retailers, and their clients reveals how disability fueled innovation in early nineteenth-century America, expanding scholarly understandings of who participated in and profited from the burgeoning medical and health care economy. This study also suggests that the market was an early venue of disability community where people came together around their common bond.
"One of the Grand Works of the World": Walt Whitman's Advocacy for the Brooklyn Waterworks, 1856–59
Authors: Blalock Stephanie M. , McMullen Kevin , Schöberlein Stefan , Stacy Jason
Published: February 2024

abstract: When the Brooklyn Waterworks opened in 1859, it was one of America's most advanced water and sewer systems. Yet after Brooklyn was annexed by New York City, the waterworks' history slipped into obscurity, despite having a now-famous champion: the "poet of America," Walt Whitman, whose brother worked on the project. This article shows the Brooklyn poet's fierce, multiyear lobbying effort for the waterworks in various newspapers and introduces a wealth of newly recovered Whitman writings on the issue. As a journalist, Whitman exemplifies the nineteenth-century press as an intermediary between expert engineers and popular readers. The poet brought precise expertise, translated engineers' technical arguments into everyday language for his readers, and fought the resulting day-to-day political battles over construction in print. Whitman, then, is an underappreciated case study of the confluence of technology, public health, and local journalism.
How Prepaid Billing in Italy Helped Shape the Global Diffusion of Mobile Phones
Authors: Vincent Jane , Fortunati Leopoldina
Published: February 2024

abstract: Why was Italy the first country to introduce prepaid mobile phone billing services in 1996? What was the key to its success that led seventy-five telecommunications operators to introduce prepaid billing by 1998 and accelerated the mass adoption of mobile phones around the world? This article examines why prepaid was successful in light of national policies and sociocultural shifts. Along with SMS, handhelds, GSM, and the digitization of mobile communications, prepaid billing played a role in the rapid and immense spread of the mobile phone worldwide. As an innovative means of paying for mobile phone usage, prepaid represented a departure from operators' previous mobile phone payment methods. The article argues that by overlooking the contribution of this form of payment, telephone historians, the media, and business scholars have ignored this important driver of the success of mobile phones.