bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Migrant money and political unrest: Remittances and support for protest in Latin America and the Caribbean
Authors: López García Ana Isabel
Published: November 2024

How does receiving remittances from abroad influence support for protest participation in origin democracies? Drawing on survey data from Latin America and the Caribbean, a region where social discontent quickly escalates and takes disruptive forms, it is found that remittance recipients do not vary from non‐recipients in their support for peaceful and legal modes of protest. However, compared to non‐recipients, those receiving remittances are more approving of citizens collectively acting outside of formal mechanisms or institutions, thus justifying unlawful and disruptive protest behaviour. Statistical analysis additionally reveals that support for violent protests among recipients is linked to their dissatisfaction with political parties and politicians, especially when these actors rely on patronage and clientelist exchanges to sway voter turnout. The article adds to our understanding of how migrants and the resources they send back home influence the character of political participation in developing democracies.
To Touch or Not to Touch: The Role of Vocabulary and Object Exploration in Children's Attention to Shape
Authors: Lorenz Megan G. , Kucker Sarah C.
Published: November 2024

Children's ability to identify relevant object features, such as shape, plays a key role in learning object names. However, successful attention to shape (shape bias) is dependent on other factors, including children's vocabulary size as well as opportunities for object exploration. The current study explored the combined impact of both vocabulary and object exploration on attention to shape and their cascading impact on retention of object labels. Here, 336 17‐to‐30‐month‐old children completed a Novel Noun Generalization (NNG) task and were tested on retention of exemplar name‐object pairings. Children in a pre‐familiarization condition physically explored objects before every trial; children in a no‐familiarization condition did not. Vocabulary (via MacArthur‐Bates Communicative Development Inventory) significantly predicted attention to shape, and higher rates of shape‐match exploration yielded a stronger shape bias. However, object exploration did not impact NNG performance or retention, and children struggled to retain word‐referent mappings. Though attention to shape is thought to support learning, exploratory analyses revealed that children's NNG performance did not predict retention. The results suggest that vocabulary significantly influences word learning processes but object exploration may not offer support. Future research should consider how task demands and other cognitive abilities impact word learning.
Effect of sub‐coercive degradation on the local piezoelectric properties in lead zirconate titanate ceramics
Authors: Qiao Huimin , Jones Jacob L. , Balke Nina
Published: November 2024

Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) is a widely recognized piezoelectric ceramic exhibiting excellent dielectric and ferroelectric properties over a wide range of temperature and frequency, making it desirable for applications such as capacitors, piezoelectric transducers, and actuators. Being subjected to repeated electrical loading in various applications, a progressive decrease in the functionality can happen, leading to device failure over time. Therefore, understanding degradation phenomena in all aspects is of importance to expand the lifespan of electronic devices. Despite of many studies focusing on the macroscopic properties of ferroelectrics related to degradation, such as switchable polarization, little is known about the change on local ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties and the domain structure induced by degradation. This paper reports the effect of sub‐coercive electrical cycling on local static and dynamic piezoelectric properties for PZT ceramic using piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM). The piezoelectric properties are probed along the three sample directions (x, y, z) to gain comprehensive insights into the local domain orientation throughout the bulk PZT sample which is then compared with microscopically measured piezoelectric coefficients. The PFM results are analyzed with respect to changes in domain orientation (depolarization) as well as to reduction on piezoelectric material response (degradation) to identify the origin of the degradation behavior. Our results directly show a strong depolarization effect in the direction of the applied electric field because of sub‐coercive cycling although it leads to small or even no degradation in directions perpendicular to the applied electric field. However, the latter is associated with a notable change in dynamic polarization switching properties which are strongly tied to the local domain structure. Our study shows that the origin of the degradation can be identified by analyzing the statistical change of local piezoelectric properties.
How Old Is the Presence of the Canary Pine Forests in the Canary Islands?
Authors: Góis‐Marques C. A. , Martín‐González E. , Postigo‐Mijarra J. M. , Velasco‐Flores M. C. , Castillo Ruiz C. , Menezes de Sequeira M.
Published: November 2024

Aim

The Neogene fossil record of Pinus canariensis C.Sm ex DC. suggests a wider past distribution in Europe, but due to extirpation by past climatic events, today this taxon is restricted to the Canary Islands. Remarkably, the putative oldest P. canariensis fossil for the Canary Islands, found in Gran Canaria is 13.3–13.0 Ma. This palaeobiogeographical information has been cited as proof of the deep‐time presence of conifers, the genus Pinus L., P. canariensis and the pine forest ecosystems in the Canary Islands, but also to justify the long‐term evolution of P. canariensis within an active insular volcanic environment. Here we present a re‐evaluation of the oldest Pinus fossil from the Canary Island.

Location

Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain.

Taxon

Pinus canariensis C.Sm ex DC.

Methods

We compiled a citation record for the mentions of the ‘bark fossil’ and conducted a review of the specimen. We compared it with extant P. canariensis and with pyroclasts.

Results

The analysis of the specimen demonstrates that it lacks morphological or anatomical characters to identify as a bark or even as a plant fossil. The specimen is best interpreted as a lapilli‐sized tube pumice, highly altered by mineral deposition promoted by the percolating hydrothermal water.

Main Conclusions

The oldest reliable Pinus fossils from the Canary Islands are 3.9–3.1 Ma and ca. 9 to 10 Ma younger than previously claimed. When did Pinus arrive at the Canary Islands is unknown, but this biogeographical question can be approached via focused volcano‐stratigraphical and palaeobotanical research in this Archipelago.
Reconceptualizing E‐Logistics Service Quality (E‐LSQ) in Emerging Contexts: The Case of Crowdsourced Delivery
Authors: Ta Ha , Esper Terry L. , Hofer Adriana Rossiter , Sodero Annibal Camara
Published: November 2024

E‐logistics service quality (e‐LSQ) has been one of the primary constructs used in the logistics literature to capture customers' appraisals of delivery service performance in the business‐to‐consumer (B2C) context. While e‐LSQ comprises key operational aspects of delivery performance, we posit that it overlooks other elements that are now present in emerging delivery models, such as crowdsourced delivery (CD). In this study, we follow a middle‐range theory approach to capture the facets of delivery performance that are considered by customers in their assessments of e‐LSQ during CD encounters. Using a large dataset consisting of customers' reviews of their delivery service experiences with Amazon Prime Now prior to and post‐CD incorporation, we find that customers value a more nuanced operational dimension as well as relational and societal dimensions in their assessments of the delivery service. The findings of our qualitative analyses enrich the current understanding of customers' appraisals of delivery service encounters and lay the groundwork for reassessing e‐LSQ, particularly in light of emerging delivery models like CD in online retailing.
Standing on the Shoulders of Giants: Bowersox, Coyle, Heskett, and La Londe
Authors: Stock James R. , Ozkul Seckin , Hooker Robert
Published: November 2024

Scholarly work within the supply chain management and logistics discipline has evolved substantially over the last several decades. Four giants of the field—Bowersox, Coyle, Heskett, and La Londe—left an indelible legacy worth exploring. The biographies and analysis of interviews conducted with each of these scholars illuminate the early beginnings of the field and its evolution and provide guidance for its future. By examining the collective perspectives of these founding figures, we gain a deeper, more personal understanding of the establishment and evolution of logistics as an academic discipline.
Energizing Research at the Intersection of Public Policy and Supply Chain Resilience: A Systematic Review and Guiding Framework
Authors: Hughes Molly M. , Croxton Keely L. , Knemeyer A. Michael
Published: November 2024

Academic scholars and US political leaders have called for a better understanding of the connection between public policy and supply chain resilience. In this structured literature review we analyze and synthesize literature published in high‐quality public policy and business journals at this intersection. We leverage existing frameworks in public policy and supply chain resilience to help analyze the relationships studied to date, resulting in a conceptual framework that elucidates the connections between public policy and resilience and leads to the development of a platform for future research inquiries. We encourage and provide guidance for future work in the space from both supply chain management and public policy scholars that can drive actionable results for policymakers, firm decision‐makers, and the welfare of society.
A Review of Network Evolution: Cross‐Disciplinary Views, Frameworks, Methodologies, and an Agenda for Future Supply Chain Research
Authors: Cha Junwoo , Wiedmer Robert , Kistler Justin T. , Paraskevas John‐Patrick , Tate Wendy L.
Published: November 2024

This article conducts an in‐depth review of the existing literature on network evolution, with an emphasis on understanding how supply chain networks change and evolve. This review has identified a total of 1148 articles in the area of network evolution, comprising 120 articles from business literature and 1028 articles from non‐business literature. Adopting a structured approach, we provide a roadmap for supply chain network evolution (SCNE) to systematically build a multidimensional understanding of SCNE and bridge the gap between theoretical underpinnings and research methods useful to investigate SCNE. We first broaden the scope to identify insights on dynamic network evolution from a wider array of disciplines. Next, we categorize the drivers of SCNE identified within the business literature into exogenous and endogenous factors. We then synthesize theoretical frameworks that lay the groundwork for future research directions proposed in the context of these frameworks. Finally, we outline contemporary methodologies for studying network evolution and evaluate their relevance and application to the supply chain management (SCM) field. Collectively, this roadmap paves the way for a deeper, interdisciplinary understanding of SCNE and outlines a future research agenda, providing a forward‐looking path for supply chain researchers to explore SCNE.
Psychoses in Pediatric‐Onset Multiple Sclerosis: A Case Report and Systematic Review
Authors: Ellouz Emna , Ketata Imen , abbes Wafa , Gargouri Hend , Bader Sondes
Published: November 2024

Problem

The association of pediatric‐onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) and psychosis remains rare and unclear in the literature. We aim to elucidate the association between POMS and psychosis across case reports.

Methods

We report a case of schizophrenia (SCZ) revealing POMS. We conducted a systematic review of case reports adhered to PRISMA 2020. We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Cochrane for case reports describing psychoses in POMS cases.

Findings

We presented a 21‐year‐old male who developed psychotic symptoms at 16 and was diagnosed with SCZ at 18. Regarding the treatment‐resistant SCZ, neurological assessment led to POMS. The patient had a favorable outcome after POMS management. Moreover, our systematic review of nine cases revealed that most psychoses began before or concomitant to the POMS diagnosis, highlighting a delay in identifying POMS. SCZ and BP were the most common types of psychosis observed. We observed a predominance of males with a median age at psychosis onset was 15 years (12.5–16.5 years). Treatment‐resistant SCZ was noted in one study along aside with our case. All cases had a good evolution after POMS management.

Conclusion

Our study suggested a critical link between POMS and psychosis emphasizing the need for thorough evaluation, early diagnosis, and prompt management. This association highlights the importance of recognizing psychotic symptoms as potential indicators of POMS, particularly in males.
Atrial Fibrillation Ablation During Hospitalization for Acute Heart Failure: Feasibility and Role of Pulsed Field Ablation
Authors: Marek Josef , Stojadinović Predrag , Wichterle Dan , Peichl Petr , Hašková Jana , Borišincová Eva , Štiavnický Petr , Čihák Robert , Šramko Marek , Kautzner Josef
Published: November 2024

Introduction

Atrial fibrillation (AF) can cause or aggravate heart failure (HF). Catheter ablation (CA) is an effective treatment for AF. This study focused on the feasibility and outcomes of emergent AF ablation performed during hospitalization for acute HF.

Methods and Results

We retrospectively investigated patients who underwent emergent CA for AF during hospitalization for acute HF in 2018–2024. Arrhythmia recurrence was the primary endpoint. The combination of arrhythmia recurrence, HF hospitalization, and all‐cause death was the secondary endpoint. Patients were censored 1 year after the index procedure. We included 46 patients, 35% females, with median age of 67 [interquartile rage: 61, 72] years and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 25 [23, 28]%. Thermal CA was performed in 14 patients, and pulsed field ablation (PFA) in 32 patients. Procedure time was significantly shorter with PFA compared to thermal CA (77 [57, 91] vs. 166 [142, 200] minutes, p < 0.001). Fluoroscopy time was longer with PFA (9.5 [7.6, 12.0] vs. 3.9 [2.9, 6.0] minutes, p < 0.001), with a borderline trend towards higher radiation dose (75 [53, 170] vs. 50 [30, 94] μGy.m2, p = 0.056). Extrapulmonary ablation was frequent (86% and 84% for thermal CA and PFA, p > 0.9). The estimated freedom from the primary endpoint was 79% after PFA and 64% after thermal CA (p = 0.44). The estimated freedom from the secondary endpoint was 76% after PFA and 57% after thermal CA (p = 0.43). LVEF improved by 24% ± 2% (p < 0.001) in patients with the first manifestation of HF and by 14% ± 4% (p = .004) in patients with decompensated HF diagnosed earlier.

Conclusions

Emergent CA of AF during acute HF hospitalization is safe and associated with improved LVEF and good clinical outcomes. In the PFA era, the rate of these procedures is progressively increasing as they are readily available and easy to perform compared to thermal ablation.
Abnormal Expression of COX5B Gene and Disorder of Mitochondrial Function in Cryptorchid Rats
Authors: Wang Xuehan , Miao Dashuai , Ye Songyi , Xian Hua , Ge Wenliang
Published: November 2024

Cryptorchidism is one of the most common congenital malformations in the paediatric genitourinary tract. Data analysis of cryptorchidism‐related datasets in the GEO database and gene sequencing results from our institution, along with bioinformatic analysis of the merged mitochondrial gene datasets, revealed that COX5B is differentially expressed in the testes of children with cryptorchidism. Its encoded protein has attracted our attention as a key component of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV. This study aims to explore the COX5B gene expression changes and related mitochondrial issues in cryptorchid rats. For this purpose, we established a cryptorchid rat model by surgery and used molecular biology and biochemistry techniques to detect and analyse the expression level of the COX5B gene and mitochondrial function indexes. The results indicated a significant decrease in COX5B gene expression in the affected testis of cryptorchid rats. The knockdown of COX5B expression in TM3 cells could be observed as the aggravation of cellular senescence, which led to the reduction of proliferation, as well as accompanied by the obvious disorders of mitochondrial function, including the increase of ROS and the decrease of ATP, in which MMP was significantly reduced. This suggests that the COX5B gene may play an important role in cryptorchid testis‐induced reproductive system damage and may be a new target for small molecule‐targeted therapy.
Trichophyton mentagrophytesITS genotype VII infections among men who have sex with men in France: An ongoing phenomenon
Authors: Jabet A. , Bérot V. , Chiarabini T. , Dellière S. , Bosshard P. P. , Siguier M. , Tubiana R. , Favier M. , Canestri A. , Makhloufi S. , Nouchi A. , de Risi‐Pugliese T. , Boquel F. , Crémer G. , Khoury R. , Sidali O. , Hamane S. , Benderdouche M. , Palous M. , Chasset F. , Gräser Y. , Hubka V. , Fekkar A. , Hennequin C. , Piarroux R. , Normand A.‐C. , Monsel G.
Published: November 2024

Background

Trichophyton mentagrophytes ITS genotype VII (TMVII) has recently been identified in France as the causative agent of dermatophyte infections transmitted during sexual activity among men who have sex with men (MSM).

Objectives

Our objective was to provide new insights into the epidemiology, clinical presentation and treatment of TMVII infections based on cases diagnosed from October 2022 to September 2023 in three medical mycology laboratories in Paris. Additionally, we aimed to perform molecular characterization of TMVII strains collected in Paris, as well as in Switzerland.

Methods

We identified all isolates from skin and hair belonging to the T. mentagrophytes complex by sequencing the ITS region. For isolates corresponding to TMVII, clinical data were retrieved from medical records. For all available TMVII strains that we isolated since January 2021, we sequenced tef1α and tubb and determined the MAT locus idiomorph.

Results

We identified 32 cases of TMVII Infections. All cases occurred in men, 30 of whom reported having sex with men. Fifteen cases were sporadic cases including four among sex workers. The other 17 cases belonged to a single cluster involving a tantric masseur who infected 15 clients and his roommate. The median time from massage to lesion onset was 16 [2–52] days. Except for one patient, all other patients received systemic antifungal treatment with terbinafine. We observed five patients whose cultures remained positive even after 3–4 weeks of treatment and five patients experienced a relapse of the infection after discontinuing antifungal treatment. All French isolates exhibited identical tef1α and tubb sequences, as well as the same MAT idiomorph locus. They displayed variations in the tef1α sequence compared to isolates from Switzerland and the Czech Republic.

Conclusions

We confirm the active circulation of TMVII among MSM in France, which is associated with challenges in diagnosis, treatment and prevention.
Assessing the Impact of a Structured Capsule Endoscopy Training Program Using a New Validated Assessment Tool
Authors: Lima Capela Tiago , Gonçalves João Carlos , Ferreira Ana Isabel , Macedo Silva Vítor , Macedo Cláudia , Arieira Cátia , Xavier Sofia , Cúrdia Gonçalves Tiago , Boal Carvalho Pedro , Dias de Castro Francisca , Magalhães Joana , Rosa Bruno , Moreira Maria João , Cotter José
Published: November 2024

Background and Aim

We aimed to develop and validate a simple capsule endoscopy (CE) training assessment tool, the Capsule Endoscopy Training Assessment (CETA), and prospectively use it to analyze the learning progression achieved by participants in our CE training program.

Methods

Over a 3‐year period, all participants in our CE training program completed pre‐training and post‐training CETA, ranging between 0% and 100%, and encompassing theoretical questions and interpretation of segmented CE videos. We compared the mean differences in overall, theoretical, and practical pre‐training and post‐training CETA, and assessed the influence of previous endoscopic experience (upper gastrointestinal endoscopy [UGE], colonoscopy, device‐assisted enteroscopy [DAE] and CE) using generalized linear models.

Results

Fifty‐seven participants were included. After training, there was a significant increase in participants' overall (mean difference, 26.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 20.70 to 31.83), theoretical (mean difference, 27.2; 95% CI, 19.81 to 34.57), and practical (mean difference, 25.9; 95% CI, 20.09 to 31.63) CETA components. Compared to those without experience, participants with previous endoscopic experience demonstrated a smaller increase in overall CETA after training (UGE, rate ratio, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.63 to 0.91; colonoscopy (rate ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.95; DAE (rate ratio, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.73 to 0.97; CE, rate ratio, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.72 to 0.92, respectively).

Conclusion

CETA is a valid and useful tool in assessing the learning progression achieved by participants following the CE training program. We demonstrated a significant improvement in participants' CETA after training, being the least experienced participants in endoscopic procedures who benefited the most from CE training.
Consolidating the evidence on the effectiveness of strategies to promote vegetable intake in priority settings: An overview of systematic reviews
Authors: Brooker Paige G. , Poelman Astrid A. M. , Livingstone Katherine M. , Collins Clare E. , Mihrshahi Seema , Sambell Ros , Wu Jason H. Y. , Hendrie Gilly A.
Published: November 2024

Background

Effective interventions to increase vegetable intake are urgently needed. This systematic rapid review aimed to summarise the effectiveness of interventions targeting increased vegetable intakes across diverse settings.

Methodology

The review was guided by the conduct of rapid reviews from the Cochrane Handbook. The literature was searched in February 2024 across PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane Central for systematic review articles published since 2014. The Risk of Bias In Systematic Reviews tool was used and characteristics of reviews synthesised narratively with intervention effectiveness results were summarised.

Results

A total of 20 systematic reviews met the eligibility criteria. Most targeted school‐based settings (n = 7) or community/home‐based settings (n = 4). Early childhood education and workplaces had one review each, with none in retail, secondary or tertiary education, food service, food relief or aged care. The mean change in vegetable consumption was +0.12 serves per day, with increases of up to +0.42 serves reported (range −0.09 to +0.42). By setting, the largest increases were reported for interventions in school settings (+0.42 serves/day), followed by home (+0.38 serves/day). Almost half the studies reporting effect sizes suggested no effect on intake (46%), 41% suggested a small effect and 13% suggested a medium effect. Greater effect sizes were achieved in interventions implemented across multiple settings.

Conclusions

Review findings indicate that the average increase in vegetable intake following interventions is about one‐eighth of a serve but up to almost half a serve in some settings. An increase of this magnitude could have a substantial population impact, particularly in population groups with persistently low intakes.
Dietary counselling to increase soluble fibre in patients with gynaecological cancers undergoing pelvic radiotherapy: A feasibility study
Authors: Croisier Emilie , Brown Teresa , Grigg Alice , Chan Philip , Bauer Judy
Published: November 2024

Background

This study aimed to determine the feasibility of increasing soluble fibre intake via dietary counselling to improve gastrointestinal toxicity and quality of life in patients with gynaecological cancers undergoing pelvic radiotherapy without adverse consequences on radiation treatment (RT) delivery accuracy.

Methods

A single‐arm, single‐centre intervention feasibility trial included patients with gynaecological cancers undergoing pelvic RT ± chemotherapy at a tertiary hospital. Participants were provided weekly dietary counselling over the duration of their RT (5–6 weeks) to increase soluble fibre intake incrementally each week. Stakeholder surveys were also completed.

Results

In total, 9 of 14 eligible patients participated (55 years old [SD 13.2], diagnosis: cervical [n = 3], endometrial/uterine [n = 5] and vaginal [n = 1]), with the majority categorised as low fibre consumers at baseline (n = 6). On average, soluble fibre intake increased by 150% throughout treatment. There were no adverse events or major adjustments required for RT delivery. There were improving trends in the functional subset identified. Results may be confounded by the sample size resulting from limited eligibility (n = 14) and a high attrition rate (n = 4).

Conclusions

Most participants successfully increased their soluble fibre intake throughout treatment, without significant adverse events noted for RT delivery accuracy. These results provide preliminary data to calculate the sample size required to produce meaningful effect sizes. However, this study highlighted challenges in participant recruitment and retention, with limited organisational support and perceived compatibility.
Advance care planning for patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: An evolutionary concept analysis
Authors: Minami Kotoko , Kamei Tomoko
Published: November 2024

Aim

This study aimed to analyze the concept of advance care planning (ACP) for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), by systematically clarifying the attributes, antecedents, consequences, surrogate terms, related concepts, and historical transition of the concept.

Methods

Following Rodgers' method of concept analysis, the academic development of concepts related to ACP for patients with COPD, as well as changes in the concept over time, is comprehensively organized and described. A search formula for relevant literature was created using the two keywords “chronic obstructive pulmonary disease” and “advance care planning”. The databases of CENTRAL, PubMed, CINAHL Plus with Full Text, Embase, and PsycInfo were searched without limitation by the year of publication and restricted to English and Japanese languages.

Results

Of the 3433 retrieved articles, 30 peer‐reviewed articles were included in the analysis. Data extraction was conducted to identify concepts relevant to ACP for patients with COPD, resulting in the identification of four antecedents (COPD progression, decline in QOL, attitude toward facing death and dying, and interdisciplinary team approach); four attributes (discussion process, documentation, support for facing death, and dying, holistic approach); and four consequences (dialogical process, improved support of decision‐making, physical impacts, and psychological impacts).

Conclusions

This conceptual framework, identified through this analysis, shows an evolution from a medical perspective to encompassing humanistic perspectives in addressing patient needs and emphasizes the importance of nursing practices. The elucidated concept characteristics may enhance its application, practice promotion, and interdisciplinary understanding across healthcare professions in the end‐of‐life field.
Family‐Centered Antenatal Care With a Life‐Limiting Fetal Condition: A Developmental Theory‐Guided Approach
Authors: Henry Carrie J. , Côté‐Arsenault Denise
Published: November 2024

Trisomy 18 (T18) is the second‐most common autosomal trisomy and includes multiple anomalies, growth restriction, and a severely shortened life span, often lasting only hours or days. Côté‐Arsenault and Denney‐Koelsch extended Reva Rubin's work, describing the psychosocial stages of pregnancy by describing the stages and developmental tasks for a pregnancy altered by a life‐limiting fetal condition such as T18. When a diagnosis of T18 is made prenatally, the pregnancy changes dramatically, although it remains a psychosocial developmental process. The extended stages of pregnancy with T18 or another life‐limiting fetal condition are: Pre‐Diagnosis, Learning the Diagnosis, Living With the Diagnosis, Birth and Death, and Post Death. As they navigate these stages, parents must also address 7 developmental tasks of pregnancy, which are (1) Navigating Relationships, (2) Comprehending Implications of the Condition, (3) Revising Goals of Pregnancy, (4) Making the Most of Time With Baby, (5) Preparing for Birth and Inevitable Death, (6) Advocating for Baby With Integrity, and (7) Adjusting to Life in Absence of Baby. Knowledgeable health care providers can do much more than support parents through grief and facilitate discussions about birth planning. This case report highlights the importance of a knowledgeable provider who can help parents navigate the stages and tasks of pregnancy, empowering them to make choices consistent with their values so they have no regrets.
Evaluation of expression of amino acid and fatty acid metabolic transporters in the placenta of pregnant women with glucose intolerance
Authors: Sakuragi Toshihide , Shibata Eiji , Yamamoto Megumi , Shimajiri Shohei , Kondo Emi , Mori Hiroshi , Tajiri Ryosuke , Nakayama Toshiyuki , Yoshino Kiyoshi , Tsuji Mayumi
Published: November 2024

Aim

Pregnant women with glucose intolerance often have large infants, even with strict glycemic control. We examined the expression of amino and fatty acid metabolic transporters in the placentas of such mothers to clarify the role of factors other than glucose transport resulting in giant infants.

Methods

Deliveries at our hospital between 2017 and 2022 were assessed. Immunohistochemical staining of membrane transporters related to glucose, amino acid, and fatty acid transport was performed using postpartum placental tissue. Stained areas were classified and scored, and compared using the Mann–Whitney U test. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed for large for gestational age infant as the outcome and maternal age, prepartum body mass index, primipara/multipara, gestational week, and glucose intolerance as confounding factors.

Results

Among 1725 subjects, 101 met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed (glucose‐intolerant [GI] group, n = 61; non‐GI group, n = 40). Per unit villus, there was decreased expression of amino acid‐related transporters. However, per unit placenta, the immunohistochemical staining scores for glucose, amino acid, and fatty acid transport were significantly higher in the GI than in the non‐GI group. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that L‐type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1, odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 12.35 [2.93–52.05], p < 0.001) and placenta‐plasma membrane fatty acid‐binding protein (placenta‐FABPpm, 6.27 [1.64–23.88], p = 0.007) were significantly higher in the GI than in the non‐GI group.

Conclusion

Activation of LAT1 and placenta‐FABPpm expressions observed in the placentas of glucose‐intolerant women despite glycemic control indicate that nutrients other than blood glucose should also be effectively managed.
Put me in coach: A daily examination of automated coaching on need for self‐knowledge and learning goal orientation through metacognitive activities
Authors: Dust Scott , Steed Laurens Bujold
Published: November 2024

The workplace coaching industry is growing through technology‐based applications that are designed to enhance coaching accessibility and scalability. Despite the increasing adoption of these technological innovations among practitioners, researchers have little understanding of the theoretical mechanisms by which these technologies impact coachees. Further, rigorous research examining the outcomes of these applications is lacking. This study focused specifically on automated coaching, a nascent but growing type of coaching program that allows users to access customized insights about themselves and their colleagues in a digital application. We applied objective self‐awareness theory to examine how engagement in an automated coaching platform facilitates self‐reflective processes on a day‐to‐day basis. In an experience sampling study of 84 employed users of an automated coaching platform, we found that engagement in automated coaching significantly increased metacognitive activities on a daily basis. Further, these effects spilled over, positively influencing the next‐day need for self‐knowledge and learning goal orientation. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of these findings as they relate to workplace coaching.
Diagnosis of naturally‐occurring Cushing's syndrome by primary care veterinarians in selected European countries
Authors: Carvalho Miguel F. , Leal Rodolfo O. , Golinelli Stefania , Fracassi Federico , Arenas Carolina , Pérez‐Alenza Maria , Galac Sara , Mooney Carmel T. , Bennaim Michael
Published: November 2024

Background

Several tests are available to diagnose naturally‐occurring Cushing's syndrome in dogs but there is a paucity of information on how primary care veterinarians (PCVs) use or interpret them.

Objectives

Determine how PCVs from selected European countries diagnose Cushing's syndrome in dogs.

Methods

Cross‐sectional survey study assessing testing protocols used by PCVs for screening and differentiation of Cushing's syndrome.

Results

Two thousand one hundred and seventy‐eight responses from 9 European countries were included. When Cushing's syndrome was suspected, 98.7% of respondents perform endocrine testing, whereas 1.2% rely on a treatment trial. Among the former, 59.9% reported performing screening tests in the absence of supportive clinical signs but with consistent clinicopathological abnormalities. Of 2150 respondents who performed endocrine testing, 66.6% report always using the same initial screening tests regardless of their pretest suspicion of disease. The tests most reported are the ACTH stimulation test (34.8%), low‐dose dexamethasone suppression test (LDDST; 30.4%) or a combination of different tests (25.2%). In the absence of financial constraint, 1419 (66.0%) respondents always attempted differentiation, using abdominal ultrasonography (81.0%) and LDDST (46.1%). Overall, 69.8% of respondents reported offering referral to a specialist in ≤20% of cases suspected or diagnosed with Cushing's syndrome over the previous 5 years.

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

Testing protocols vary among PCVs. Almost 60% of respondents potentially screen dogs without consistent clinical signs, raising concerns for overdiagnosis. A proportion never attempt differentiation, which likely affects prognosis. Cases are rarely referred to a specialist, reflecting that Cushing's syndrome is mainly managed in primary care practices. These results suggest that there is room for further education of PCVs.
Frequency and progression of azotemia during acute and chronic treatment of congestive heart failure in cats
Authors: Rogg Sarah , Mochel Jonathan P. , Kundu Debosmita , Tropf Melissa A. , Masters Allison K. , Adin Darcy B. , Ward Jessica L.
Published: November 2024

Background

Azotemia is common in cats with congestive heart failure (CHF) and might be exacerbated by diuretic therapy.

Hypothesis/Objectives

Determine frequency, risk factors, and survival impact of progressive azotemia in cats treated for CHF.

Animals

One hundred and sixteen client‐owned cats with kidney function testing performed at least twice during acute or chronic CHF treatment.

Methods

Serum creatinine (sCr) and electrolyte concentrations were determined at multiple clinical timepoints to detect azotemia and kidney injury (KI; sCr increase ≥0.3 mg/dL). Furosemide dosage between timepoints was calculated. Multivariable modeling was performed to identify predictors of KI, change in serum biochemistry results, and survival.

Results

Azotemia was common at all timepoints, including initial CHF diagnosis (44%). Kidney injury was documented in 66% of cats. Use of a furosemide continuous rate infusion was associated with increased risk of KI during hospitalization (odds ratio, 141.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 12.1‐6233; P = .01). Higher furosemide dosage was associated with increase in sCr during hospitalization (P = .03) and at first reevaluation (P = .01). Treatment with an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor was associated with fewer lifetime KI events (P = .02). Age in years was the only variable associated with shorter survival (hazard ratio, 1.1; 95% CI, 1.0‐1.1; P = .03). Neither sCr nor KI were associated with long‐term outcome.

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

Azotemia and KI were common in cats during CHF treatment but did not impact survival.
Geographical indication in Indonesia: A review on the spatial distribution and classification of geographical indication‐registered products and ‐related publications
Authors: Harding Diana , Lukman Kevin Muhamad , Palar Miranda Risang Ayu , Kohsaka Ryo
Published: November 2024

The status and trends of geographical indication (GI) registration in Indonesia is presented and analyzed. Indonesia amended the GI‐related legal systems in 2019, and despite its increase in registration and policy developments, the extent of coverage and classification of GI‐registered products remain unclear. Thus, we analyze the current status and trends of GI registration by mapping the spatial distribution and classification of GI products. We supplemented our analysis by capturing and reviewing GI‐related publications in Indonesia. Results showed that GI‐registered products are concentrated in Java and Sumatra regions, with agricultural products as leading commodities. The spatial distribution further exhibits that cultural and traditional values play an important role in shaping GI products. Meanwhile, for GI publications, we documented that scientific literatures produced by domestic scholars are more abundant than international publications. Although this is a positive assertion, reviewed publications are mostly focused on the legal aspects. Other aspects such as GI promotion, development, and benefits are lacking. The policy and practical implications of such findings highlighted the critical role of provinces and domestic scholars in promoting GIs of Indonesia to the global arena.
The Naturally Occurring Amino Acid Substitution in the VPg α1–α2 Loop Breaks eIF4E‐Mediated Resistance to PRSV by Enabling VPg to Re‐Hijack Another eIF4E Isoform eIF(iso)4E in Watermelon
Authors: Zhou Ling‐Xi , Yin Xiao , Yan Zhi‐Yong , Jiang Jun , Tian Yan‐Ping , Gao Rui , Geng Chao , Li Xiang‐Dong
Published: November 2024

Plant resistance, which acts as a selective pressure that affects viral population fitness, leads to the emergence of resistance‐breaking virus strains. Most recessive resistance to potyviruses is related to the mutation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) or its isoforms that break their interactions with the viral genome‐linked protein (VPg). In this study, we found that the VPg α1–α2 loop, which is essential for binding eIF4E, is the most variable domain of papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) VPg. PRSV VPg with the naturally occurring amino acid substitution of K105Q or E108G in the α1–α2 loop fails to interact with watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) eIF4E but interacts with watermelon eIF(iso)4E instead. Moreover, PRSV carrying these mutations can break the eIF4E‐mediated resistance to PRSV in watermelon accession PI 244019. We further revealed that watermelon eIF(iso)4E with the amino acid substitutions of DNQS to GAAA in the cap‐binding pocket could not interact with PRSV VPg with natural amino acid substitution of K105Q or E108G. Therefore, our finding provides a precise target for engineering watermelon germplasm resistant to resistance‐breaking PRSV isolates.
MUSAE: Fusion of art and technology to address challenges in food and health
Authors: O'Gorman Aoife , Lauryn McMahon , Efremenko Tatiana , Canina Marita , Redava Petia Ivanova , Puig Luis Eloy , Cangelosi Angelo , Ferro Francesco , Dellino Francesco , Van Gansbeke Ramona , Bulgheroni Maria , Jovanovic Kosta , Brennan Lorraine
Published: November 2024

There is an urgent need to transform our current food system to improve population health/wellbeing and planetary health. A number of challenges exist in order to achieve this. Artists, with their innate ability to use imagination to envision future needs and solve problems, represent a key group in this transformation. The project MUSAE brings together artists with experts from different disciplines to define an innovative model to integrate artistic collaboration in the (European) Digital innovation hubs (E‐DIHs). They will employ the Design Futures Art‐Driven (DFA) methods to enable artists and a range of companies involved in food production and distribution to develop innovative products and services that address key issues in the food system. MUSAE will run two residencies involving 23 artists and 11 SMEs working with three main technologies—Artificial Intelligence, Wearables and Robotics—to envision the future scenarios for societal needs and technology applications, as well as develop future‐driven prototypes, thus opening new markets and innovations in the area of food.
Variation of Stomach Shapes in Gastric Emptying Scintigraphy: Correlation With Gastric Emptying Results, Body Weight, and Symptoms
Authors: Lee Susie O. , Arwani Remy , McNeilly Shelby , Kunkel Samantha , Dadparvar Simin , Maurer Alan H. , Parkman Henry P.
Published: November 2024

Background

Although different gastric shapes are encountered in gastric emptying scintigraphy (GES), it is not known whether gastric shape is related to gastric emptying (GE) or symptoms.

Aim

To investigate different stomach shapes observed during GES and examine their associations with GE, body weight, and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms.

Methods

This was a retrospective review of GES studies performed at our institution. Patients with prior gastric surgery were excluded. A classification of gastric shapes included: crescentic, J‐shaped, reversed‐L, cylindrical, and bag‐like. Gastric shapes were correlated with GE, BMI, and GI symptoms using PAGI‐SYM.

Results

397 GES studies were reviewed (317 females, age 40.0 ± 20.3 years, BMI 27.8 ± 13.8 kg/m2). Gastric shapes were: 41.8% crescentic/comma‐shaped, 34.0% J‐shaped, 19.9% reversed L‐shape, 2.8% cylindrical, and 1.5% bag‐like. BMI was highest in crescentic/comma‐shaped stomachs (30.1 ± 12.4 kg/m2) and lowest in bag‐like stomachs (25.2 ± 9.9 kg/m2; p = 0.022). Delayed GE was most pronounced in bag‐like stomachs (34.4 ± 33.1% retention at 4 h) and lowest in reversed‐L shape (10.3 ± 15.6% retention at 4 h; p = 0.008). Regurgitation severity was greatest in bag‐like stomachs (2.2 ± 1.5) compared to milder symptoms in reversed‐L shape (1.3 ± 1.4; p = 0.029). Heartburn severity was increased in bag‐like stomachs (2.3 ± 1.6) while patients with cylindrical stomachs reported least heartburn severity (1.1 ± 1.3; p = 0.11).

Conclusions

A classification system based on five gastric shapes observed during GES showed that crescent‐shaped stomach was the most common shape and correlated with higher BMIs. Delayed GE was most pronounced in bag‐like stomachs and lowest in reversed‐L stomachs. Regurgitation and heartburn severity were greatest in bag‐like stomachs with milder symptoms in reversed‐L stomachs. Thus, gastric shape during GES is associated with gastric emptying, BMI, and symptom severity.
Warming Mitigates Ozone Damage to Wheat Photosynthesis in a FACE Experiment
Authors: Xu Yansen , Feng Zhaozhong , Bao Mingxu , Li Yi , Xia Jiaxuan , Xu Shiyun , Agathokleous Evgenios , Kobayashi Kazuhiko , Shang Bo , Liu Bing
Published: November 2024

Individual effects of elevated ozone (O3) and warming on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) are well documented, their combined effects remain poorly understood. In the present study, we investigated the combined impacts of elevated O3 (1.5× ambient O3) and rising canopy temperature (+2°C) on the photosynthesis of wheat leaves in an open‐air field experiment. We found that O3‐induced oxidative stress reduced the biochemical capacity and inhibited leaf photosynthesis at the end of the grain‐filling stage. Night‐time warming (NW) increased leaf photosynthesis during the vegetative stage, but whole‐day warming (WW) did not. Both WW and NW accelerated wheat development and decreased photosynthesis at the end of the reproductive stage. Neither elevated O3 nor warming stimulated antioxidant enzymes. Significant interaction between O3 and WW indicated that WW mitigated the adverse effect of O3 on leaf photosynthesis. Compared to NW, WW significantly increased daytime canopy temperature and canopy‐to‐air vapour pressure deficit across O3 treatments. Decreases in leaf water content and increases in grain oxygen isotope discrimination under warming suggested a link of WW‐induced protection against O3 stress in photosynthesis with declines in stomatal O3 uptake rather than increases in the antioxidant capacity. Our results indicate the need to consider the warming‐induced mitigation of O3 stress on leaf photosynthesis when predicting the effects of elevated O3 on crop growth under warmer climate in the future.
Promoting healthy sexual relationships: The benefits of perspective‐taking and self‐expansion in interracial relationships
Authors: Caselli Abigail J. , Beauparlant Emily T.
Published: November 2024

People in romantic relationships experience a decline in sexual desire as the relationship progresses, leading them to seek couples therapy. Discrimination and added stress exacerbate this decline. Prior research has identified self‐expansion (i.e., a person's need to expand their selves to take on more perspectives and worldviews) as a relational process to bolster sexual desire. It remains untested if self‐expansion can enhance sexual desire among couples who are the targets of discrimination, such as people in interracial relationships. We considered previous research that identified perspective‐taking as a process to promote positive self‐expansion (i.e., perceiving greater positive vs. negative traits from one's partner into their self‐concept) among White partners in interracial relationships. In our pre‐registered study, we predicted discrimination salience will be positively associated with positive self‐expansion for people who engage in high levels of perspective‐taking and negatively associated with positive self‐expansion for those who engage in low levels of perspective‐taking. In turn, greater positive self‐expansion would be associated with greater sexual desire. There was no interaction between discrimination salience and perspective‐taking on positive self‐expansion. Alternatively, we did find that White partners who considered their partner's perspective, regardless of discrimination salience, reported greater positive self‐expansion, which predicted greater sexual desire.
Varieties of Aesthetic Autonomy
Authors: Martínez Marín Irene
Published: November 2024

The concept of autonomy is central to many debates in aesthetics. However, exactly what it means to be autonomous in our aesthetic engagements is somewhat unclear in the philosophical literature. The normative significance of autonomy is also unclear and hotly debated. In this essay, I propose a method for clarifying this elusive concept by distinguishing three distinct senses or varieties of aesthetic autonomy: experiential autonomy, competence‐based autonomy, and personal autonomy. On this taxonomy autonomy is a context‐sensitive concept and autonomy applies to several different moments or stages of aesthetic appreciation. Throughout this critical discussion, important issues concerning the nature of aesthetic appreciation are also explored.