bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of subcutaneous suction drain in reducing surgical site infections after emergency laparotomy
Authors: Gupta Poonam , Kumar Rajesh
Published: July 2017

Background: One of important morbidity postoperatively is surgical site infection and the important cause is collection of blood and serous fluids which can get infected and this factor is even more important in emergency laparotomies. our prospective randomised study compares the incidence of surgical site infection in post emergency abdominal surgical wounds with subcutaneous suction drains versus those in whom drain was not placed.Methods: A prospective interventional study of 100 subjects done in department of surgery at rural tertiary centre. on the basis of exclusion and inclusion criteria patient were randomly selected for cases (with post-operative suction drain) and controls. subcutaneous drain in emergency setting play significant role in reducing the incidence of surgical site infection which is significant statistically.Results: 24% of patients in drain group develop surgical site infections. 50% of patients in non-drain group develop infection. Incidence of infection in drain group was lower than the no drain group (p value 0.05) and was statistically significant.Conclusions: Subcutaneous drain in emergency laparotomy play significant role in reducing the incidence of surgical site infection
Isolated rupture of duodenum following blunt trauma abdomen: report of a case of avulsion of pylorus
Authors: Balasubramanian Gopal , Vijayakumar Chellappa , Anbarasu Inbasekaran , Sudharsanan Sundaramurthi , Raj Kumar Nagarajan , Baskaran Dhanapal
Published: July 2017

Isolated duodenal injury following blunt trauma do not occur often. A patient with complete damage to the duodenum presents a challenge to the surgeons. The choice of procedure must be tailored to the nature of the defect and the amount of tissue lost. A 19-years-old male presented with features of bowel perforation following blunt injury abdomen. After initial conservative management, the patient was taken up for laparotomy. A complete transection of duodenum with avulsion of pylorus was found. Primary closure of duodenum and pylorus with omental patch support was done. The patient made an uneventful recovery. The choice of procedure may vary and it depends on the patient condition and surgeon capability. Primary closure of disturbed ends without any gastric diversion procedure is the excellent choice in a young patient with blunt injury without major intraoperative contamination. Primary closure is also a challenging procedure compared to other natural tailoring techniques.
Clinico-epidemiological profile of condylomata acuminata with special emphasis on HPV typing
Authors: Sarin A. , Binesh V. G. , Ambooken Betsy , Suprakasan S.
Published: July 2017

Background: Condylomata acuminata (CA) or genital wart is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by human papilloma virus (HPV). As there was little information about the HPV types commonly causing CA in our state, we decided to study the clinico-epidemiological profile of CA with special emphasis on HPV typing.

Methods: We did HPV typing in 25 clinically diagnosed cases of CA. The biopsied specimens were sent for HPV typing using Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and those with high risk HPV types were histologically analyzed for any dysplastic change. We also evaluated for other STIs which can coexist with CA.

Results: Out of the 25 cases, 18 (72%) were males and 7 (28%) females. Majority of our patients belonged to 21-40 year age group (64%). Clinical types of CA were the classical fleshy exuberant type in 22 patients (88%), flat type in 2 (8%) and keratotic type in 1 (4%). HPV positivity was obtained in 21 (84%). The most common type was HPV 6 in 10 cases (40%) and HPV 11 in 8 (32%) patients. HPV 16 alone was isolated in 1 (4%) case. HPV types 6 and 16 and 11 & 18 were isolated in one case each. Dysplastic changes were observed in two cases with HPV 16 and 18. VDRL and TPHA positivity was found in 2 (8%) males and HBsAg positivity was seen in 1 (4%) male patient.

Conclusions: This study highlights the importance of HPV typing for identifying the high risk types and to assess the efficacy of HPV vaccines.
Subungual glomus tumour excision: The nail plate flap technique
Authors: Mehrotra Sandeep , Singh Vikas , Dadwal Uday Singh
Published: July 2017

Subungual glomus tumours, though rare, cause distressing symptoms and merit surgical treatment with minimal morbidity. Approaches to the nail bed over the years have varied from earlier nail excisions to trans/sub/periungal techniques. Nail plate preservation has beneficial effects on pain, and cosmesis and surgical modifications to ensure the same are desirable. We employed a simple nail preservation technique on six patients over the last seven years. After an accurate localization of the lesion based on pin test and MRI, a proximally-based nail plate flap was marked and elevated beyond the glomus. The tumour was removed through a linear nail-bed incision, following which the nail plate flap was reposited without suturing. All cases had gratifying relief of symptoms. Within a few weeks of the excision, no nail distortion was noticeable. No recurrences were noted on follow-up for one year. The nail flap transungal approach relies on accurate preoperative tumour localization. It ensures a protective post-operative cover with reduced pain. A minimalistic approach with no skin incisions ensures less morbidity and improved cosmesis with no nail deformity. The nail plate flap technique can be employed in selected cases for improved outcomes.
Necrotising fasciitis—A rare complication of split-thickness skin graft donor area
Authors: Bamal Rahul , Kain Rakesh
Published: July 2017

Split-thickness skin grafting (STSG) is commonly used to cover raw areas of various aetiologies. Donor sites are known to get infected sometimes, but necrotising fasciitis is not often reported. We report here a case of donor-site necrotising fasciitis and its successful management. There is a need for surgeons to stay vigilant for this rare but probable complication of skin grafting.
IC plasty for reconstruction of axillary defect
Authors: El Mazouz Samir , Echchaoui Abdelmoughit , Hafidi Jaouad , Gharib Nour-eddine , Abbassi Abdellah
Published: July 2017

Reconstruction of axillary defects following surgery or trauma has always been a significant challenge for plastic surgeons. A variety of reconstruction options are available, including directed cicatrization, skin grafts and local flaps, but all of these procedures may allow skin contracture and leave unsightly scars.
Stoichiography: New Ways Determining Chemical Composition and Real Structure of Materials
Authors: Malakhov V. V.
Published: July 2017

The principles of stoichiography and novel reference-free methods of molecular and phase analysis for complex unknown mixtures are considered. The stoichiography can be inferred from stoichiometry of mass transfer of unsteady homo- and heterophase processes and joins both operations: separation of mixture by means of chromatography, electromigration, dissolution or others and determination of stoichiometry of a substance flow with time. The stoichiography allows a chemical compound to be determined by its primary property, namely, by stoichiometry of elemental composition. Stoichiograms provided a basis for such type of information. They are time variances of molar ratio for mass transfer rates of chemical elements from multielement substances. Invariancy to concentration and temperature of solvents, hydrodynamic regime is a fundamental property of the stoichiograms in the case of individual compounds. Therefore the stoichiograms are kept constant and are equal to formula stoichiometric coefficients of the individual compound. Theory and methodology of new stoichographic methods, differential dissolution and ion-chromato-stoichiography are presented. New equipment, stoichiograph, and a new procedure of differential dissolution, stoichiographic titration, are discussed here in details. Applications of differential dissolution to analyze multielement and
polyphase crystalline and amorphous samples are given.
EOR Technologies: Physico-Chemical Aspects
Authors: Altunina L.K. , Kuvshinov V.A.
Published: July 2017

The application of self-regulating oil-displacing systems is considered to be a promising trend in the development of physico-chemical EOR methods. Technologies intended to increase conformance predominate. EOR technologies, where heat energy of the formation is used to generate alkaline buffer systems, CO2 and gels increasing oil displacement and conformance, have wide potentialities. Such methods have been realized in the technologies developed at the Institute of Petroleum Chemistry SB RAS (IPC). Hydrolysis, hydrolytic polycondensation and coagulation in the system carbamide – aluminum salt – surfactant – water is the physico-chemical base for the technologies involving alkaline buffer systems, CO2 and inorganic gels. To prepare thermoreversible polymer gels one uses change of phase from solution to gel in the system: cellulose ether with a lower critical dissolution point – water. Presented are the results obtained on the application of physico-chemical EOR methods and technologies developed at IPC in oil fields of Russia. The technologies proved to be economically effective and environmentally safe. The period of payback is 5-12 months.
Interrelation of Hierarchy of Structures at Comparison of Linear and Cross-linked Polymer Compounds
Authors: Suleimenov Ibragim , Mamytbekov Galym , Bekturov Esen
Published: July 2017

The comparison of behavior of a linear polymer compounds and cross-linked networks are carried out. It is shown, that the correspondence between rheological behavior of a linear polymer compound and macroscopic behavior of its cross-linked analog is determined by topology of structures describing a hydrogel as qualitatively new object as well as by the type of polymer – solvent interactions. In this situation swelling degree is completely described by the Katchalsky – Lifson’s theory. Moreover it is possible to predict microscopic behavior of macromolecular chains on the base of experimental studies of macroscopic specimens of the gel. Such investigations may be carried out in direct way for organogels. When the gel is charged (polyelectrolyte effect takes place) it is necessary to make some correction. The fact is due to so called effect of concentration redistribution, which occurs when surface of the gel acts as a membrane. In such situation the concentration of low-molecular salt inside gel may be quite more low then the concentration of the salt outside specimen. Thus in the solutions of ionogenic salts real behavior of the specimen is determined not average concentration of salt, but the real concentration of salt inside of the gel. Measuring this concentration experimentally it is possible to carried out investigations of charged macromolecular chains on the base of macroscopic specimens too.
Государственные облигации с переменным купоном: особенности и перспективы развития в России
Authors: Власова Юлия Ашумовна
Published: July 2017

Статья посвящена особенностям выпуска и обращения облигаций с плавающими ставками, что является очень актуальной темой в виду выхода на российский долговой рынок в 2015 году государственных облигаций, индексированных на инфляцию. Предметом исследования являются облигации с переменным купоном, эмитируемые государством. Целью исследования является оценка актуальности выпуска облигаций с переменным купоном для России в текущих экономических условиях. В статье представлена классификация видов облигаций с переменными купонами, изучаются положительные и отрицательные стороны данного вида ценных бумагах. В работе проведен обзор международного опыта в сфере выпуска государством ценных бумаг с переменным купоном. Рассмотрены возможности использования таких ценных бумаг в современной российской практике на федеральном и субфедеральном уровнях. В результате проведенной оценки перспектив использования облигаций с переменным купоном, автором обосновано предложение расширения использования облигаций с переменным купоном не только на федеральном уровне, но и уровне субъектов Российской Федерации. В условиях недостаточности денежных средств для покрытия расходов бюджетов, диверсификация инструментов заимствования на внутреннем финансовом рынке способствовала решению не только основной проблемы покрытия дефицита бюджетов, но и оказала бы поддержку финансовому рынку в сложных экономических условиях.
Налоговые споры в рамках учета процентов по договорам займа
Authors: Лечкин Илья Дмитриевич , Лечкина Татьяна Николаевна
Published: July 2017

Статья посвящена исследованию методов минимизации рисков при учете процентов по займам в процессе налогового контроля. Автором была выявлена необходимость разработки стратегии, позволяющей минимизировать риски возникновения налоговых последствий при учете процентов по долговым обязательствам. В статье изучены нормы законодательства о налогах и сборах, касающиеся учета процентов, а также проанализирована судебная практика по данному вопросу с целью выявления наиболее распространенных случаев возникновения разногласий по данному вопросу. В статье предложен ряд мер, позволяющих снизить риск возникновения налогового спора. На основании анализа позиций судов, выявлены наиболее распространенные случаи возникновения споров и предложены варианты предотвращения таких разногласий.
Сделки Leveraged Buyout, Management Buyout и возможности их применения в России
Authors: Курилова Алина Ахсарбековна
Published: July 2017

Статья посвящена исследованию применения сделок Leveraged Buyout и Management Buyout и методов их финансирования в России в сравнении с зарубежным опытом. Автором были выявлены основные причины низкой популярности применения методов LBO и МВО на рынке слияний и поглощений в российских условиях, а также обозначен потенциал отечественных компаний к использованию этих методов. В статье предлагается ряд мер, способный популяризировать применение упомянутых видов сделок в российских условиях, а также способ первичной оценки компании для определения ее в качестве удачного претендента на роль участника сделки LBO и MBO.
Опыт применения нестандартных мер политики инфляционного таргетирования в условиях финансовой нестабильности
Authors: Скареднов Евгений Владимирович
Published: July 2017

Режим таргетирования инфляции достаточно успешно зарекомендовал себя в практике проведения монетарной политики десятков государств. Однако в условиях финансовой нестабильности традиционные подходы инфляционного таргетирования могут оказаться недостаточно эффективными, что выражается в отклонениях показателя инфляции от целевых значений, а также в нарушениях работы трансмиссионного механизма. По этой причине некоторые исследователи предлагают расширить мандаты центральных банков и даже модифицировать сам режим таргетирования инфляции.
Аграрная политика: эффективность и условия оптимизации
Authors: Антамошкина Елена Николаевна
Published: July 2017

Актуальность проблемы оценки эффективности аграрной политики состоит в том, что в изменившихся в связи с вступлением в ВТО условиях регулирования от эффективности политических мер зависит конкурентная позиция сельских товаропроизводителей на внутреннем и внешнем рынках. Эффективность аграрной политики невозможно оценить единым показателем, поскольку она включает целый ряд самостоятельных направлений: развитие сельскохозяйственного производства, обеспечение продовольственной безопасности, повышение уровня жизни сельского населения, рост доходов сельхозпроизводителей. В связи этим оценка эффективности аграрной политики должна включать в себя детальный анализ различных направлений с помощью специализированных показателей оценки, что также актуализирует исследуемую проблему.
В статье предложена методика оценки эффективности аграрной политики, позволяющая определить интегральный показатель: индекс эффективности, рассчитанный на основе экономических, финансовых и социальных индикаторов эффективности. Для каждого индикатора эффективности аграрной политики установлены критерии оценки и пороговые значения показателей. В статье определены виды эффективности аграрной политики, выявлены и систематизированы критерии и показатели эффективности.
Методика оценки эффективности аграрной политики апробирована на статистических данных регионов ЮФО. Установлено, что индекс эффективности аграрной политики ЮФО (Ieap) в 2014 году равен 0,8, что соответствует допустимому уровню. Отклонение рассчитанного показателя от 1 связано с невысокой эффективностью аграрной политики по социальным индикаторам.
Теоретическая значимость заключается в содержательном дополнении методических подходов и моделей оценки эффективности аграрной политики с точки зрения обоснования интегрального показателя – индекса эффективности аграрной политики. Практическая значимость заключается в разработке и апробации методики оценки эффективности аграрной политики, которая универсальна и может применяться в различных регионах и макрорегионах России, она позволяет оперативно проводить оценку эффективности аграрной политики на основе системы показателей: экономической, социальной и финансовой эффективности.
Продовольственная безопасность как составная часть экономической и национальной безопасности государства
Authors: Вартанова Марина Львовна
Published: July 2017

В статье автор рассматривает эволюцию роли продовольственной безопасности, как на исторических этапах развития, так и в современном мире, а также ее место в системе обеспечения экономической и национальной безопасности государства.
Pengaruh Orientasi Tujuan Dan Persepsi Siswa pada Kompetensi Guru Terhadap Prokrastinasi Akademik Siswa
Authors: Permatasari Bernadetta Lisa Andika , Fardana Nur Ainy
Published: July 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh orientasi tujuan dan persepsi siswa pada kompetensi guru terhadap prokrastinasi akademik. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan subjek 132 siswa SMA Kristen Cita Hati Surabaya yang dipilih melalui teknik proportionate stratified random sampling. Alat pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah kuesioner skala orientasi tujuan, persepsi siswa pada kompetensi pedagogik guru, dan prokrastinasi akademik siswa Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi berganda. Hasil analisis regresi ganda melalui program IBM SPSS 23 menunjukkan Fhitung sebesar 1.492 dan p=.299 (p>.05) yang menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara orientasi tujuan dan persepsi siswa pada kompetensi guru terhadap prokrastinasi akademik siswa.
The Significance Of Teaching Pragmatics To Engineering Students In Communications Skills Education in Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Suresh I. , Ramanujan Srinivasa , Surisetty Rajeswari
Published: July 2017

This paper discusses about the importance of teaching Pragmatics to students in Engineering Colleges in Andhra Pradesh where Telugu is the native language of the state. It throws light on the emergence of developing Pragmatics among the students and suggests to comprise it as a part of Communication Skills Education. This review emphasizes on the need of realizing the contrast between Academic English that is prescribed by the University and Communicative English which includes Pragmatic Competence that paves path to the students career even after completion of their Technical Graduation and also being a successful employee in future. It reveals the seriousness of Practice rather than tones of theoretical based work of the language. It brings awareness that speaking English is the ultimate task of the student than quietly accumulating knowledge of language.
The Genetic Implications of Lumbar Intervertebral Disc Degeneration
Authors: Bianculli Jessica D. , Petrizzo Anthony M.
Published: July 2017

Disc degeneration is determined in large part by genetic factors, with the previously determined environmental factors having only modest effects. A number of genes have been found to be associated with intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Identifying specific gene polymorphisms has been crucial to understanding the role of genetics as a predictor of disc degeneration. Preventative and therapeutic measures can be utilized to address degenerative changes and can lead to the development of cell-targeted biologic therapies that can potentially alter or prevent genetically determined IDD.
With New Rig Software, Automated Drilling is Easier To Embrace
Authors: Jacobs Trent
Published: July 2017

Last summer, while being moved from one well pad to the next, a rig in the Delaware Basin of Texas was updated with some new software. It took 11 hours to complete, and after the rig was powered back up, it went on to drill the vertical section of a horizontal well almost 3 days ahead of schedule.

Aside from boasting an impressive stat line, that well represents an important milestone for National Oilwell Varco (NOV) because it is the first to be drilled using the company’s closed-loop automated drilling system in conjunction with a recently launched rig operating system, which the company technically refers to as a process automation system. NOV is telling customers that this technology not only lowers the cost of field development, but delivers higher quality and straighter wellbores through its consistent performance.

That automated program in Texas has concluded, but the combined technology package is now being used to drill shale wells on four rigs in the US and one in Canada. There are 16 separate orders for the new process system. These contracts for NOV follow more than 5 years spent using the hardware kit, which includes wired-pipe and a weight-on-bit controller, to drill through more than 2.5 million ft of conventional and unconventional formations.

Going forward, the oilfield technology developer is offering a more complete product: automation controlled by highly capable software. This integration means that the digitally connected surface and subsurface machines working on an automated rig now have a digital driller to take orders from.

“Our mantra is that the rig of the future is here today—just add software,” remarked Tony Pink, the vice president of strategic sales at NOV. Pink has been involved in the automation initiative at NOV since its genesis and coauthored a recently published technical paper (SPE/IADC 184694) detailing the Texas project that it carried out with Calgary-based Precision Drilling and an unnamed oil and gas explorer.

He described the tandem of NOV’s automated hardware and software as “a sophisticated autopilot for rigs” that takes many routine tasks out of the driller’s hands—literally. With the process system in control, drillers can lay off the joystick, stop pressing buttons, and also quit staring at screens in order to maintain their drilling direction.
Optimizing the Use of Miscible Injectant at the Greater Prudhoe Bay Fields
Authors: Wilson Adam
Published: July 2017

This article, written by Special Publications Editor Adam Wilson, contains highlights of paper SPE 180420, “Optimizing the Use of Miscible Injectant at the Greater Prudhoe Bay Fields,” by S.X. Ning, SPE, B.S. Jhaveri, E.M. Fueg, SPE, G. Stechauner, J.L. Jemison, SPE, and T.A. Hoang, BP Exploration (Alaska), prepared for the 2016 SPE Western Regional Meeting, Anchorage, 23–26 May. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

Miscible injectant (MI) has been used at Prudhoe Bay and its satellite fields for more than 30 years. This paper provides an overview of all enhanced-oil-recovery (EOR) projects in the Greater Prudhoe Bay (GPB) region and presents the process and methodology for MI allocation to these projects and to individual injection patterns. A new approach is used to determine the amount of MI allocated to each project on the basis of predicted marginal MI use per barrel of EOR oil.

Introduction

The MI-gas EOR process at Prudhoe Bay began in late 1982. In late 1986, the Central Gas Facility (CGF) began operation, enabling the first field-scale EOR project, the Prudhoe Bay Miscible Gas Project (PBMGP), to start in early 1987. Since then, the PBMGP has expanded to more than 170 injection patterns in the main field of Prudhoe Bay. Fig. 1 provides a layout of the oil fields on the North Slope of Alaska.

The CGF is a gas-processing plant that makes natural-gas liquids (NGLs) for shipment in the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System and MI for EOR projects. The CGF currently processes an annual aver-age of approximately 7.5 billion scf/D of produced gas to generate approximately 40,000 STB/D of NGL and more than 200 million scf/D of MI. The feed gas comes from three different sources—solution gas from the produced oil, free reservoir gas from the gas cap, and returned MI (RMI) that was previously injected into the reservoir. The total amount of MI produced at the CGF is the sum of the fresh MI (which can be forecast by the GPB full-field simulation model) and the recaptured RMI (which can be forecast by COBRA and process modeling). COBRA is a full-field scale-up tool for predicting MI performance on the basis of type-pattern-simulation-model results.

MI gas produced at the Prudhoe Bay CGF is a rich gas composed primarily of carbon dioxide (approximately 21%), methane (approximately 32%), ethane (20%), propane (25%), and a small amount of butane and heavier components (approximately 2–3%).

Most of the GPB EOR projects are pattern floods that use a water-alternating-gas (WAG) injection to improve areal and vertical sweep efficiencies.
Inbreeding Effects on Grain Iron and Zinc Concentrations in Pearl Millet
Authors: Rai Kedar Nath , Govindaraj Mahalingam , Kanatti Anand , Rao Aluri S. , Shivade Harshad
Published: July 2017

The magnitude, direction, and pattern of inbreeding effects on trait expression in selfing generations have a direct bearing on single‐plant and progeny‐based selection efficiency. In the present study on a pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] biofortification initiative, initial random mated S0 bulks of three diverse composites and their S1 to S4 population bulks derived from four generations of selfing were evaluated for 2 yr under irrigated and terminal drought stress for iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) concentrations. Both Fe and Zn concentrations were higher under terminal drought than under irrigated condition. Inbreeding had no significant effect on Fe and Zn concentrations in one composite and showed significant though marginal increase of both micronutrients in two composites. This finding, not unexpected, was in conformity with the earlier reports of predominantly additive gene effects and marginal partial dominance of genes determining low concentrations of these micronutrients observed in a low frequency of hybrids. The patterns of genetic changes in Fe concentration due to inbreeding were highly significantly and positively correlated with those in Zn concentration in all three composites. These results indicate that simultaneous single‐plant and progeny‐based early generation selection for Fe and Zn concentrations is likely to be effective to enhance the breeding efficiency for these micronutrients in pearl millet.
Environmental and economic foundations of system optimization of operational, technological and construction parameters of rice irrigation systems
Authors: Turchenyuk Vasyl , Frolenkova Nadiia , Rokochynskyi Anatolii
Published: July 2017

The paper substantiates the necessity to carry out system optimization of operational, technological and construction parameters of water regulation in the operation of rice irrigation systems, lays out methodological approaches and results. This research formulates approaches to the selection of project criteria and conditions of economic and environmental optimization during the construction of complex optimization models in the projects of their reconstruction and operation taking into account climatic management strategies of such objects. The proposed set of measures as a result of system optimization is focused on improving the natural and amelioration state of rice irrigation systems, improving their technological and technical parameters, introducing of water and resource saving regimes of rice irrigation and related rice crop rotations.
AÇÃO EDUCATIVA PARA A CONSTRUÇÃO DA AUTONOMIA EM CONTEXTOS PRISIONAIS: POSSIBILIDADES E LIMITES
Authors: Langner Ana Lúcia , Boneti Lindomar Wessler
Published: July 2017

O artigo tem como finalidade analisar as possibilidades e limites da realização da ação educativa em meio prisional na perspectiva da reconstrução do sujeito social para a preparação para a volta ao mundo social, indagando-se inicialmente se existe uma ação educativa específica que possibilite alcançar este objetivo, suas possibilidades e limites. A partir especialmente de um fundamento teórico em Foucault (2012), Arendt (2001) e Bauman (2005), busca-se reconstruir o universo prisional e a sua relação com as condições humanas e existenciais. Argumenta-se que a realização da ação educativa no interior do contexto prisional tem possibilidades com a reconstrução do sujeito na perspectiva da volta para o mundo social. Mas por outro lado encontra limitações no próprio objetivo da prisão na modernidade, o castigo, a reclusão, o isolamento do mundo da vida e das condições sociais impondo limitações a uma ação educativa capaz de reconstruir o sujeito na perspectiva da volta para o mundo social.
CURSO DE ESPECIALIZAÇÃO EM EDUCAÇÃO DE JOVENS E ADULTOS: APROXIMAÇÕES COM A EDUCAÇÃO POPULAR
Authors: Lottermann Osmar , De Moraes Marileia Gollo , Samborski Tarcisio
Published: July 2017

Este trabalho apresenta o registro e uma reflexão sobre os objetivos e a aproximação pretendida entre o Curso de Pós-Graduação Especialização Em Educação de Jovens e Adultos - com ênfase em Educação do Campo, ofertado pelo Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Farroupilha – Campus Santo Augusto, através do edital n.º 02/2010, da Secretaria de Educação Continuada, Alfabetização, Diversidade e Inclusão e os preceitos da Educação Popular. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, exploratória e documental, pois revisitamos o Edital, o Projeto Pedagógico e os Trabalhos de Conclusão, que não receberam análise até o momento. Partiu-se da hipótese de que há uma identidade entre o curso e a Educação Popular. A pesquisa procura responder duas questões: Em que contexto foi possível realizar o curso? É possível afirmar que esse curso foi constituído e desenvolvido a partir de referenciais teóricos e práticos da Educação Popular? Tomou-se como objeto de análise o texto do edital que possibilitou o financiamento do curso, o Projeto Pedagógico e os trabalhos de conclusão de curso. Procurou-se identificar as intencionalidades e o que elas têm em comum com o campo conceitual e os compromissos da Educação Popular, sobretudo no que se refere aos referenciais teóricos utilizados nos documentos de criação, nas ementas das disciplinas e mesmo nos textos dos Trabalhos de Conclusão de Curso analisados.
EDUCAÇÃO POPULAR E REFERÊNCIAS FORMATIVAS: ELOS QUE ENRAÍZAM O PROJETO EDUCATIVO DA EDUCAÇÃO DO CAMPO NO BRASIL
Authors: Ghedini Cecilia Maria
Published: July 2017

O texto discorre sobre a relação das referências formativas da Educação Popular e a produção de um projeto educativo dos Movimentos Sociais Populares na Educação do Campo como política pública. Compreende que a Educação Popular se constitui entre as disputas por um projeto de sociedade, nas lutas do povo pobre e trabalhador, com uma ética próxima dos sujeitos, de sua cultura, seus modos de ser e expressar-se. Pelas referências formativas produzem-se elos com as lutas que constituíram o campesinato, a educação formal e a escola pública, que alcançam também a escola. Nos anos 1990, a materialidade do campo satura-se pelo projeto histórico-político dos Movimentos Sociais Populares do Campo e constitui-se um projeto educativo. Feito concretude em Escolas Públicas de Acampamentos e Assentamentos, por uma década, aprofunda-se na Escola dos Movimentos Sociais Populares do Campo, em 1989. Dali se produz potencialidade que, politicamente passa a subverter a lógica da Educação Rural no país. Amplia-se então como educação e escola pública dos trabalhadores do campo, institucionalizando-se na Educação “do” Campo (1998-2010). Essa formulação é fundamental, pois legitima a “pedagogia do oprimido” – não é “para” e nem “no”, mas sim “do campo”. Representa uma síntese do plano educativo no projeto político de um grupo social. Pela primeira vez no país há uma legislação que incorpora as referências formativas da Educação Popular desenvolvidas no projeto histórico-político dos MSP, que passam a realizar-se como política pública, e a disputar projetos de educação e sociedade.
PRÁTICAS EDUCATIVAS NA ESCOLA: DIALOGANDO COM OS ESTUDANTES
Authors: Rondini Carina Alexandra , Marinheiro Bianca Molica
Published: July 2017

Trata-se de uma pesquisa de enriquecimento de material pedagógico, derivado do processo de escuta de estudantes do 4º ano do Ensino Fundamental, com vistas a proporcionar a construção de um ambiente diferenciado em sala de aula, mediante práticas pedagógicas dinamizadoras. Por meio da pesquisa-ação, objetivou-se escutar os estudantes e incorporar essas informações ao material pedagógico adotado pela escola, buscando meios de dinamizá-lo. Os relatos evidenciam que, ao se tratar de educação, uma contribuição nova e original não necessariamente deriva de práticas mirabolantes e caras. Os estudantes percebem-se ou não coparticipantes da elaboração do processo de ensino-aprendizagem e passam a ver as ações realizadas como algo prazeroso.
Palabras que liberan. El enseñar como admonitio en De magistro de Agustín de Hipona
Authors: Chávez Aguilar Pamela
Published: July 2017

El artículo propone relacionar la acción de docere como admonitio en el diálogo De magistro de san Agustín, con la idea de libre albedrío, libertad y el proceso de liberación que tiene lugar en el transcurso histórico-biográfico. Las palabras del maestro señalan hacia algo, situando al discípulo ante diversas acciones libres: la atención, la experiencia, el juicio y el asentimiento. Como sujeto activo, el discípulo se dispone a actuar en la línea de la admonitio originaria por la que el ser humano anhela la verdad, in via hacia la plena libertad.
Antisemitismo e historia: en torno a la función del “judaísmo mundial” en la Historia del ser de Heidegger
Authors: Trawny Peter
Published: July 2017

Desde su publicación a principios de 2014 los Cuadernos negros de Martin Heidegger incitaron a un debate tanto en la academia como en la esfera intelectual pública. Supuestamente estos cuadernos ponen en evidencia cómo Heidegger comulgaba con el antisemitismo y el nacionalsocialismo. A partir del análisis elaborado por David Nirenberg en su libro Antijudaísmo: la tradición occidental, se discute si el referente del antijudaísmo representa un fenómeno real o si el antijudaísmo es una visión del mundo en donde el significado de “los judíos” representa una función en la autocomprensión de aquellos que hablan de “judío” o “ser judío”, sin que este significado posea un referente real. Aquello que aquí se denomina ‘referencia real o fáctica’ representa un problema constante para la filosofía. Si ésta tuviera siempre que remitirse a algo real, sería entonces una ciencia particular como la biología. El “objeto” de la filosofía parece ser, no obstante, un problema filosófico. Por ello, en este caso se trata llanamente de la cuestión de si el discurso filosófico de Heidegger en los Cuadernos negros se corresponde o no con algo del mundo. Se trata, en pocas palabras, de definir el tipo de antisemitismo que se expresa en los Cuadernos negros.
Design and Analysis of a Continuous Split Typed Needle-Free Injection System for Animal Vaccination
Authors: Chen Kai , Pan Min , Liu Tingting
Published: July 2017

Background:

Liquid needle-free injection devices (NFIDs) employ a high-velocity liquid jet to deliver drugs and vaccine through transdermal injection. NFIDs for animal vaccination are more complicated than those used for human beings for their much larger and more flexible power sources, as well as rapid, repetitive and continuous injection features.

Method:

In the paper, spring-powered NFID is designed for animal vaccine injection. For convenience, the device is a split into a power source and handheld injector. A mathematical model is proposed to calculate the injection pressure, taking into the account pressure loss and the strain energy loss in the bendable tube due to elastic deformation. An experimental apparatus was build to verify the calculation results.

Results and Conclusion:

Under the same system conditions, the calculation results of the dynamic injection pressure match the experimental results. It is found that the bendable tube of the split typed NFID has significant impact on the profile of the injection pressure. The initial peak pressure is less than the initial peak pressure of NFID without bendable tube, and there is occurrence time lag of the peak pressure. The mathematical model is the first attempt to reveal the relationship between the injection pressure and the system variables of split typed NFID.
Integration of Ecology and Environmental Metagenomics Conceptual and Methodological Frameworks
Authors: Marco Diana
Published: July 2017

Although from its origin metagenomics was concerned with composition of communities of microbial OTUs (Operational Taxonomic Units) living in a given habitat and their diversity and functional heterogeneity (concepts already well rooted in ecology), the new field was more 'environmentally' than 'ecologically' oriented. Probably by circumstantial reasons, metagenomics and ecology followed rather independent trajectories and conceptual and methodological gaps appeared. Recently, calls for the need of integrating the theoretical basis and methodologies coming from metagenomics (and other meta-omics) and ecology have been made. Here I will address some of the principles and methods of field ecology that, although useful in the context of environmental metagenomic studies, have been rather disregarded. In particular, I will emphasize the contribution of some well established concepts and methods of field ecology to a an appropriate field sampling and experimental design of environmental metagenomic studies.
Ayenia grisea (Malvaceae-Byttnerioideae), una especie nueva para México y validación de Reevesia clarkii (Malvaceae/Helicteroideae)
Authors: Machuca Machuca Karina
Published: July 2017

Antecedentes y Objetivos: La realización del tratamiento taxonómico de la familia Sterculiaceae para la Flora del Bajío y de Regiones Adyacentes ha dado como resultado una novedad taxonómica y una validación.Métodos: Se realizó la revisión bibliográfica y de ejemplares correspondientes a la familia Sterculiaceae en los herbarios ENCB, IEB, MEXU, QMEX.Resultados clave: Se describe e ilustra Ayenia grisea, especie nueva de México que pertenece a la sección Leiayenia. Se valida Reevesia clarkii, nombre invalido que no ha sido publicado formalmente y se aclara la ubicación taxonómica de la especie.Conclusiones: Tanto A. grisea como R. clarkii son especies endémicas de México y ocurren en la región del Bajío.
Estudio preliminar del género Quercus (Fagaceae) en Tamaulipas, México
Authors: Pérez Mojica Erika , Valencia-A. Susana
Published: July 2017

Antecedentes y Objetivos: El estado de Tamaulipas se ubica en el noreste de México, región considerada con alta riqueza de encinos, pero carente de inventarios y de herramientas para identificar las especies de Quercus. El objetivo de este trabajo es conocer la riqueza específica del género Quercus en Tamaulipas y proporcionar herramientas para su identificación.Métodos: Se revisaron los ejemplares de Quercus depositados en los herbarios CHAP, ENCB, FCME, HUAP, INEGI, INIF y MEXU; así como los ejemplares escaneados del género Quercus de Tamaulipas de los herbarios MO y K disponibles en la página electrónica de Trópicos y los tipos de las especies en JSTOR Global Plants. Paralelamente se revisaron las publicaciones de Tamaulipas, particularmente las listas florísticas que incluyen el género Quercus, resultando en una lista preliminar de especies colectadas y reportadas. La revisión de ejemplares y el reconocimiento de los sinónimos permitió depurar la lista de especies. Con base en la información anterior, se prepararon las descripciones de las especies de encinos.Resultados clave: Se reconocen y describen 37 especies del género Quercus para Tamaulipas: 20 de la sección Lobatae y 17 de Quercus. Además, se proporciona una clave dicotómica para su identificación, dibujos de cada una de ellas, datos de distribución, y fenología de cada especie.Conclusiones: Se confirmó la presencia de Q. durifolia, Q. invaginata, Q. paxtalensis y Q. potosina que no se habían mencionado antes para el estado. Tamaulipas se ubica en el quinto lugar en cuanto a riqueza de encinos después de Oaxaca, Puebla, San Luis Potosí y Jalisco. La riqueza de encinos se concentra en el sur del estado. Miquihuana, Jaumave y Victoria son los municipios más diversos en Quercus. Debe llevarse a cabo trabajo de campo para incrementar la colecta lo que seguramente modificará las cifras de las especies de este estudio.
Effects of dietary antioxidant of tomato extract and lycopene on Carassius auratus and Xiphophorus maculatus
Authors: Montoya M Cynthia , Vega V Fernando , Nolasco S Héctor , Espinosa C Luis , Carrillo F Olimpia , Olvera U Felicitas
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTObjective. Evaluate the effect on tegument pigmentation, survival, growth and antioxidant capacity in diets supplemented with tomato extract and lycopene as additives in experimental feed for Carassius auratus and Xiphophorus maculatus. Materials and methods. The additives were added in different concentrations to a basic diet. We performed beginning and an ending biometrics for 100% of the population in each bioassay. The growth and survival of organisms were evaluated. The antioxidant capacity was analyzed by ABTS assay, both in the tomato extract sample as well as in foods used in different bioassays. The concentration of lycopene was determined in food and liver and muscle samples of fish fed with it. Acquired pigmentation of fish was assessed through photographs analyzed with Adobe Photoshop®. The results were evaluated by analysis of variance, and when differences were found (p<0.05) the means were compared by the Tukey test. Results. No significant effect (p>0.05) on pigmentation and growth of the organisms under the established experimental conditions was obtained. Significant differences in antioxidant capacity (p<0.05) were obtained in foods with added lycopene. Conclusions. The inclusion of lycopene or tomato extract in food for the organisms used is not recommended to improve pigmentation, but further studies are needed to demonstrate antioxidant effect.
Effect of energy sources on the apparent total tract digestibility and excretion of nutrients by bovine cattle
Authors: Romero S Laura , Rodrigues Paulo HM , Marino Carolina T , Pinedo Lerner A , Martins Maurício F , Cassiano Eduardo CO , Perna Jr Flavio
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTObjective. To evaluate the effect of three energy sources on the intake, total apparent digestibility and excretion of nutrients in cattle diet. Materials and methods. Six ruminally cannulated cows (730 ± 70 kg) were distributed into three treatments in a replicated 3x3 Latin square experimental design, where: (I) Control: Low ether extract diet (3.50% EE); (II) Soybean: High ether extract diet (5.30% EE) with inclusion of 15% soybean and (III) Citrus pulp: Low ether extract diet (3.00% EE) and high pectin involvement with inclusion of 15% citrus pulp. To determine the digestibility of DM and its fractions, chromic oxide was used as a marker. Nutrient excretion was calculated from the digestibility coefficient of each fraction. Results. The soybean treatment reduced (p<0.05) dry matter, crude protein, nitrogen-free extract and organic matter intake and increased ether extract intake. There was no effect (p>0.05) of the energy source on the digestibility coefficients of DM, CP, NDF, EE, NFE or OM. The TDN value was higher for the soybean treatment. The excretion of DM, NFE and OM was lower (p<0.05) for the soybean treatment. All energy sources influenced the excretion of crude protein. Conclusions. The energy sources used did not affect the digestibility of the diets and are indicated as high potential sources to be used in cattle.
Spatial distribution of vector borne disease agents in dogs in Aegean region, Turkey
Authors: Ural Kerem , Gultekin Mehmet , Atasoy Abidin , Ulutas Bulent
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTObjective. Assess the spatial distribution of seroprevalence of infection with or exposure to 4 vector-borne pathogens Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Borrelia burgdorferi and Dirofilaria immitis, across the coastal states of the Aegean region with special reference to clinical signs and haematological variances related to disease condition. Materials and methods. A convenience sample, targeting blood from at least 10 pet dogs from İzmir, Aydin, Denizli, Mugla and Manisa cities involved was evaluated using a canine point-of-care ELISA kit. Results. Out of 307 dogs tested the overall seroprevalence was highest for E. canis (24.42%), followed by E. canis + A. phagocytophilum co-infection (10.42%), A. phagocytophilum (7.49%) and D. immitis (2.28%). Only 2 cases were seropositive to B. burgdorferi albeit 10 dogs were co-infected with more than 2 agents. For both dogs infected with E. canis and co-infected with E. canis and A. phagocytophilum, anemia, thrombocytopenia and leukocytosis, were more commonly detected, whereas thrombocytopenia and leukocytosis were significant finding in dogs infected with A. phagocytophilum or D. immitis, respectively. Variance analysis showed significant differences for mean RBC, Hb, PCV and PLT values (p<0.01) among control group and other groups. Conclusions. Seropositivity for vector-borne pathogens other than B. burgdorferi, is moderately to widely distributed in dogs residing in the Aegean region in Turkey.
Risk factors for ovarian postpartum resumption in Holstein cows, under high tropical conditions
Authors: Guáqueta M Humberto , Zambrano V Jorge , Jiménez E Claudia
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTObjective. To evaluate the factors associated with postpartum ovarian resumption and follicular dynamics in Holstein cows under high altitude conditions (2,600 masl). Materials and methods. Forty-five Holstein cows were studied between 14 days before and 120 days after calving. Uterine involution, follicular dynamics, serum progesterone and peripartum pathologies were evaluated; additionally, body condition (BC), calving type, milk yield, were also evaluated. According to hormonal and reproductive findings, cows were classified into two groups: early ovarian resumption (EOR) or delayed ovarian resumption (DOR). Results. The occurrence of the first follicular for EOR animals (n=31) was produced on average 9.58±3.45 days postpartum and was similar to the DOR group (n=10) [10.8±4.83 days; p>0.05)]. The first postpartum ovulation occurred at 21.55±5.90 days (EOR) and was significantly delayed (48.7±27.85 days) for DOR animals (p<0.05). Thirty-six point five percent of the cows (n=f) had normal estrus cycles (18 to 24 days), while 63.5% (n=26) showed dysciclia. The factors associated with ovarian resumption and cyclicity were the loss of BC [OR=3.3, CI 95% (1.2-13.3) (p<0.05)] and lameness [OR= 9.0, CI 95% (1.2-13.3) (p<0.05)]. Conclusions. Although the emergence of postpartum follicular waves was observed early, under the experimental conditions of this study there are factors that may affect the first ovulation favoring the occurrence of anovulatory conditions. The determinant factors were low body condition and lameness.