bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From waste to protein: a new strategy of converting composted distilled grain wastes into animal feed
Authors: Yu Lei , An Zichao , Xie Dengdeng , Yin Diao , Xie Guopai , Gao Xuezhi , Xiao Yazhong , Liu Juanjuan , Fang Zemin
Published: May 2024

Distilled grain waste (DGW) is rich in nutrients and can be a potential resource as animal feed. However, DGW contains as much as 14% lignin, dramatically reducing the feeding value. White-rot fungi such as Pleurotus ostreatus could preferentially degrade lignin with high efficiency. However, lignin derivatives generated during alcohol distillation inhibit P. ostreatus growth. Thus, finding a new strategy to adjust the DGW properties to facilitate P. ostreatus growth is critical for animal feed preparation and DGW recycling. In this study, three dominant indigenous bacteria, including Sphingobacterium thermophilum X1, Pseudoxanthomonas byssovorax X3, and Bacillus velezensis 15F were chosen to generate single and compound microbial inoculums for DGW composting to prepare substrates for P. ostreatus growth. Compared with non-inoculated control or single microbial inoculation, all composite inoculations, especially the three-microbial compound, led to faster organic metabolism, shorter composting process, and improved physicochemical properties of DGW. P. ostreatus growth assays showed the fastest mycelial colonization (20.43 μg·g−1 ergosterol) and extension (9 mm/d), the highest ligninolytic enzyme activities (Lac, 152.68 U·g−1; Lip, 15.56 U·g−1; MnP, 0.34 U·g−1; Xylanase, 10.98 U·g−1; FPase, 0.71 U·g−1), and the highest lignin degradation ratio (30.77%) in the DGW sample after 12 h of composting with the three-microbial compound inoculation when compared to other groups. This sample was relatively abundant in bacteria playing critical roles in amino acid, carbohydrate, energy metabolism, and xenobiotic biodegradation, as suggested by metagenomic analysis. The feed value analysis revealed that P. ostreatus mycelia full colonization in composted DGW led to high fiber content retention and decreased lignin content (final ratio of 5% lignin) but elevated protein concentrations (about 130 g·kg−1 DM). An additional daily weight gain of 0.4 kg/d was shown in cattle feeding experiments by replacing 60% of regular feed with it. These findings demonstrate that compound inoculant consisting of three indigenous microorganisms is efficient to compost DGW and facilitate P. ostreatus growth. P. ostreatus decreased the lignin content of composted DGW during its mycelial growth, improving the quality of DGW for feeding cattle.
Anesthetized animal experiments for neuroscience research
Authors: Nagayama Shin , Hasegawa-Ishii Sanae , Kikuta Shu
Published: May 2024

Brain research has progressed with anesthetized animal experiments for a long time. Recent progress in research techniques allows us to measure neuronal activity in awake animals combined with behavioral tasks. The trends became more prominent in the last decade. This new research style triggers the paradigm shift in the research of brain science, and new insights into brain function have been revealed. It is reasonable to consider that awake animal experiments are more ideal for understanding naturalistic brain function than anesthetized ones. However, the anesthetized animal experiment still has advantages in some experiments. To take advantage of the anesthetized animal experiments, it is important to understand the mechanism of anesthesia and carefully handle the obtained data. In this minireview, we will shortly summarize the molecular mechanism of anesthesia in animal experiments, a recent understanding of the neuronal activities in a sensory system in the anesthetized animal brain, and consider the advantages and disadvantages of the anesthetized and awake animal experiments. This discussion will help us to use both research conditions in the proper manner.
Intimate partner violence perpetration among veterans: associations with neuropsychiatric symptoms and limbic microstructure
Authors: Rojczyk Philine , Heller Carina , Seitz-Holland Johanna , Kaufmann Elisabeth , Sydnor Valerie J. , Berger Luisa , Pankatz Lara , Rathi Yogesh , Bouix Sylvain , Pasternak Ofer , Salat David , Hinds Sidney R. , Esopenko Carrie , Fortier Catherine B. , Milberg William P. , Shenton Martha E. , Koerte Inga K.
Published: May 2024

Background

Intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration is highly prevalent among veterans. Suggested risk factors of IPV perpetration include combat exposure, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, alcohol use, and mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). While the underlying brain pathophysiological characteristics associated with IPV perpetration remain largely unknown, previous studies have linked aggression and violence to alterations of the limbic system. Here, we investigate whether IPV perpetration is associated with limbic microstructural abnormalities in military veterans. Further, we test the effect of potential risk factors (i.e., PTSD, depression, substance use disorder, mTBI, and war zone-related stress) on the prevalence of IPV perpetration.

Methods

Structural and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) data were acquired from 49 male veterans of the Iraq and Afghanistan wars (Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom; OEF/OIF) of the Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS) study. IPV perpetration was assessed using the psychological aggression and physical assault sub-scales of the Revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS2). Odds ratios were calculated to assess the likelihood of IPV perpetration in veterans with either of the following diagnoses: PTSD, depression, substance use disorder, or mTBI. Fractional anisotropy tissue (FA) measures were calculated for limbic gray matter structures (amygdala-hippocampus complex, cingulate, parahippocampal gyrus, entorhinal cortex). Partial correlations were calculated between IPV perpetration, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and FA.

Results

Veterans with a diagnosis of PTSD, depression, substance use disorder, or mTBI had higher odds of perpetrating IPV. Greater war zone-related stress, and symptom severity of PTSD, depression, and mTBI were significantly associated with IPV perpetration. CTS2 (psychological aggression), a measure of IPV perpetration, was associated with higher FA in the right amygdala-hippocampus complex (r = 0.400, p = 0.005).

Conclusion

Veterans with psychiatric disorders and/or mTBI exhibit higher odds of engaging in IPV perpetration. Further, the more severe the symptoms of PTSD, depression, or TBI, and the greater the war zone-related stress, the greater the frequency of IPV perpetration. Moreover, we report a significant association between psychological aggression against an intimate partner and microstructural alterations in the right amygdala-hippocampus complex. These findings suggest the possibility of a structural brain correlate underlying IPV perpetration that requires further research.
New grading scale based on early factors for predicting delayed cerebral ischemia in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Chen Shishi , Jiang Hongxiang , He Peidong , Tang Xiangjun , Chen Qianxue
Published: May 2024

Delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) could lead to poor clinical outcome(s). The aim of the present study was to establish and validate a predictive model for DCI after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) based on clinical data. Data from a series of 217 consecutive patients with aSAH were reviewed and analyzed. Related risk factors within 72 h after aSAH were analyzed depending on whether DCI recurred. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis was performed to reduce data dimensions and screen for optimal predictors. Multivariable logistic regression was used to establish a predictive model and construct a nomogram. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and calibration curves were generated to assess the discriminative ability and goodness of fit of the model. Decision curve analysis was applied to evaluated the clinical applicability of the predictive model. LASSO regression identified 4 independent predictors, including Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Early Brain Edema Score (i.e., “SEBES”), World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies scale score (i.e., “WFNS”), modified Fisher Scale score, and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), which were incorporated into logistic regression to develop a nomogram. After verification, the area under the ROC curve for the model was 0.860. The calibration curve indicated that the predictive probability of the new model was in good agreement with the actual probability, and decision curve analysis demonstrated the clinical applicability of the model within a specified range. The prediction model could precisely calculate the probability of DCI after aSAH, and may contribute to better clinical decision-making and personalized treatment to achieve better outcomes.
The efficacy and safety of bilateral synchronous transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation for prolonged disorders of consciousness: a multicenter, double-blind, stratified, randomized controlled trial protocol
Authors: Wang Yan , Yang Li , Liu Wei , Zhou Qianhui , Huang Meiling , Zou Leyao , Feng Zhen , Bai Yang
Published: May 2024

Background

Treatment of disorders of consciousness (DOC) poses a huge challenge for clinical medicine. Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) is a non-invasive neuromodulation method, which shows potential in improving recovery of DOC. However, the evidence came from single-center, small-sample randomized controlled trial, which is insufficient to form a conclusion. Thereby, we propose a prospective, multicenter, double-blind, stratified, two-arm randomized controlled trial protocol to investigate the efficacy and safety of bilateral synchronous taVNS for treatment of DOC.

Methods

We aim to recruit 382 patients with prolonged DOC, and divide them into an active stimulation group and a sham stimulation group. The patients in the active stimulation group will receive bilateral synchronous taVNS with a 200 μs pulse width, 20 Hz frequency, and personal adjusted intensity. The sham stimulation group will wear the same stimulator but without current output. Both groups will receive treatment for 30 min per session, twice per day, 6 days per week lasting for 4 weeks. The clinical assessment including Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R), Full Outline of Unresponsiveness (FOUR), Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), and Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS-E) will be conducted to evaluate its efficacy. Heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure, and adverse events will be recorded to evaluate its safety.

Discussion

These results will enable us to investigate the efficacy and safety of taVNS for DOC. This protocol will provide multicenter, large-sample, high-quality Class II evidence to support bilateral synchronous taVNS for DOC, and will advance the field of treatment options for DOC.

Clinical trial registration:https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=221851, ChiCTR2400081978.
Effects of different speed-accuracy instructions on perception in psychology experiments: evidence from event-related potential and oscillation
Authors: Li Haijian , Wang Xiaoshuang , Hamalainen Timo , Meng Zhaoli
Published: May 2024

Introduction

In cognitive behavioral experiments, we often asked participants to make judgments within a deadline. However, the most common instruction of “do the task quickly and accurately” does not highlight the importance of the balance between being fast and accurate.

Methods

Our research aimed to explore how instructions about speed or accuracy affect perceptual process, focus on event-related potentials (ERPs) and event-related oscillations (EROs) of two brain responses for visual stimuli, known as P1 and N1. Additionally, we compared the conventional analysis approach with principal component analysis (PCA) based methods to analyze P1 and N1 ERP amplitude and ERO power.

Results

The results showed that individuals instructed to respond quickly had lower P1 amplitude and alpha ERO than those who prioritized accuracy, using the PCA-based approach. However, these two groups had no differences between groups in the N1 theta band using both methods. The traditional time-frequency analysis method could not detect any ERP or ERO distinctions between groups due to limitations in detecting specific components in time or frequency domains. That means PCA is effective in separating these components.

Discussion

Our findings indicate that the instructions given regarding speed and accuracy impact perceptual process of subjects during cognitive behavioral experiments. We suggest that future researchers should choose their instructions carefully, considering the purpose of study.
On the effects of 30.5 GHz sinusoidal wave exposure on glioblastoma organoids
Authors: Rampazzo Elena , Persano Luca , Karim Nissar , Hodgking George , Pinto Rosanna , Casciati Arianna , Tanori Mirella , Zambotti Alessandro , Bresolin Silvia , Cani Alice , Pannicelli Alessandro , Davies Ilan W. , Hancock Cristopher , Palego Cristiano , Viola Giampietro , Mancuso Mariateresa , Merla Caterina
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Glioblastoma (grade IV) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor in adults, representing one of the biggest therapeutic challenges due to its highly aggressive nature. In this study, we investigated the impact of millimeter waves on tridimensional glioblastoma organoids derived directly from patient tumors. Our goal was to explore novel therapeutic possibilities in the fight against this challenging disease.

Methods

The exposure setup was meticulously developed in-house, and we employed a comprehensive dosimetry approach, combining numerical and experimental methods. Biological endpoints included a global transcriptional profiling analysis to highlight possible deregulated pathways, analysis of cell morphological changes, and cell phenotypic characterization which are all important players in the control of glioblastoma progression.

Results and discussion

Our results revealed a significant effect of continuous millimeter waves at 30.5 GHz on cell proliferation and apoptosis, although without affecting the differentiation status of glioblastoma cells composing the organoids. Excitingly, when applying a power level of 0.1 W (Root Mean Square), we discovered a remarkable (statistically significant) therapeutic effect when combined with the chemotherapeutic agent Temozolomide, leading to increased glioblastoma cell death. These findings present a promising interventional window for treating glioblastoma cells, harnessing the potential therapeutic benefits of 30.5 GHz CW exposure. Temperature increase during treatments was carefully monitored and simulated with a good agreement, demonstrating a negligible involvement of the temperature elevation for the observed effects. By exploring this innovative approach, we pave the way for improved future treatments of glioblastoma that has remained exceptionally challenging until now.
Novel targets and therapies of metformin in dementia: old drug, new insights
Authors: Cui Wenxing , Lv Chen , Geng Panling , Fu Mingdi , Zhou Wenjing , Xiong Mingxiang , Li Tian
Published: May 2024

Dementia is a devastating disorder characterized by progressive and persistent cognitive decline, imposing a heavy public health burden on the individual and society. Despite numerous efforts by researchers in the field of dementia, pharmacological treatments are limited to relieving symptoms and fail to prevent disease progression. Therefore, studies exploring novel therapeutics or repurposing classical drugs indicated for other diseases are urgently needed. Metformin, a first-line antihyperglycemic drug used to treat type 2 diabetes, has been shown to be beneficial in neurodegenerative diseases including dementia. This review discusses and evaluates the neuroprotective role of metformin in dementia, from the perspective of basic and clinical studies. Mechanistically, metformin has been shown to improve insulin resistance, reduce neuronal apoptosis, and decrease oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in the brain. Collectively, the current data presented here support the future potential of metformin as a potential therapeutic strategy for dementia. This study also inspires a new field for future translational studies and clinical research to discover novel therapeutic targets for dementia.
Genes associated with cellular senescence as diagnostic markers of major depressive disorder and their correlations with immune infiltration
Authors: Chen Juan , Xie Xin , Lin Min , Han Hong , Wang Tingting , Lei Qirong , He Rongfang
Published: May 2024

Background

Emerging evidence links cellular senescence to the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD), a life-threatening and debilitating mental illness. However, the roles of cellular senescence-related genes in MDD are largely unknown and were investigated in this study using a comprehensive analysis.

Methods

Peripheral blood microarray sequencing data were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and retrieved cellular senescence-related genes from CellAge database. A weighted gene co-expression network analysis was used to screen MDD-associated genes. Protein-protein interactions (PPI) were predicted based on STRING data, and four topological algorithms were used to identify hub genes from the PPI network. Immune infiltration was evaluated using CIBERSORT, followed by a correlation analysis between hub genes and immune cells.

Results

A total of 84 cell senescence-related genes were differentially expressed in patients with MDD compared to healthy control participants. Among the 84 genes, 20 were identified to be associated with the MDD disease phenotype, and these genes were mainly involved in hormone-related signaling pathways (such as estrogen, steroid hormone, and corticosteroid) and immune and inflammatory pathways. Three genes, namely, JUN, CTSD, and CALR, which were downregulated in MDD, were identified as the hub genes. The expression of hub genes significantly moderate correlated with multiple immune cells, such as Tregs, NK cells, and CD4+ T cells, and the abundance of these immune cells markedly differed in MDD samples. Multiple microRNAs, transcription factors, and small-molecule drugs targeting hub genes were predicted to explore their molecular regulatory mechanisms and potential therapeutic value in MDD.

Conclusion

JUN, CTSD, and CALR were identified as potential diagnostic markers of MDD and may be involved in the immunoinflammatory mechanism of MDD.
Regulatory Role of Fatty Acid Metabolism on Glucose-Induced Changes in Insulin and Glucagon Secretion by Pancreatic Islet Cells
Authors: Tamarit-Rodriguez Jorge
Published: May 2024

A detailed study of palmitate metabolism in pancreatic islets subject to different experimental conditions, like varying concentrations of glucose, as well as fed or starved conditions, has allowed us to explore the interaction between the two main plasma nutrients and its consequences on hormone secretion. Palmitate potentiates glucose-induced insulin secretion in a concentration-dependent manner, in a physiological range of both palmitate (0–2 mM) and glucose (6–20 mM) concentrations; at glucose concentrations lower than 6 mM, no metabolic interaction with palmitate was apparent. Starvation (48 h) increased islet palmitate oxidation two-fold, and the effect was resistant to its inhibition by glucose (6–20 mM). Consequently, labelled palmitate and glucose incorporation into complex lipids were strongly suppressed, as well as glucose-induced insulin secretion and its potentiation by palmitate. 2-bromostearate, a palmitate oxidation inhibitor, fully recovered the synthesis of complex lipids and insulin secretion. We concluded that palmitate potentiation of the insulin response to glucose is not attributable to its catabolic mitochondrial oxidation but to its anabolism to complex lipids: islet lipid biosynthesis is dependent on the uptake of plasma fatty acids and the supply of α-glycerol phosphate from glycolysis. Islet secretion of glucagon and somatostatin showed a similar dependence on palmitate anabolism as insulin. The possible mechanisms implicated in the metabolic coupling between glucose and palmitate were commented on. Moreover, possible mechanisms responsible for islet gluco- or lipotoxicity after a long-term stimulation of insulin secretion were also discussed. Our own data on the simultaneous stimulation of insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin by glucose, as well as their modification by 2-bromostearate in perifused rat islets, give support to the conclusion that increased FFA anabolism, rather than its mitochondrial oxidation, results in a potentiation of their stimulated release. Starvation, besides suppressing glucose stimulation of insulin secretion, also blocks the inhibitory effect of glucose on glucagon secretion: this suggests that glucagon inhibition might be an indirect or direct effect of insulin, but not of glucose. In summary, there seems to exist three mechanisms of glucagon secretion stimulation: 1. glucagon stimulation through the same secretion coupling mechanism as insulin, but in a different range of glucose concentrations (0 to 5 mM). 2. Direct or indirect inhibition by secreted insulin in response to glucose (5–20 mM). 3. Stimulation by increased FFA anabolism in glucose intolerance or diabetes in the context of hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypo-insulinemia. These conclusions were discussed and compared with previous published data in the literature. Specially, we discussed the mechanism for inhibition of glucagon release by glucose, which was apparently contradictory with the secretion coupling mechanism of its stimulation.
Whey Protein Sodium-Caseinate as a Deliverable Vector for EGCG: In Vitro Optimization of Its Bioaccessibility, Bioavailability, and Bioactivity Mode of Actions
Authors: Korin Ali , Gouda Mostafa M. , Youssef Mahmoud , Elsharkawy Eman , Albahi Amgad , Zhan Fuchao , Sobhy Remah , Li Bin
Published: May 2024

Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the principal catechin in green tea, exhibits diverse therapeutic properties. However, its clinical efficacy is hindered by poor stability and low bioavailability. This study investigated solid particle-in-oil-in-water (S/O/W) emulsions stabilized by whey protein isolate (WPI) and sodium caseinate (NaCas) as carriers to enhance the bioavailability and intestinal absorption of EGCG. Molecular docking revealed binding interactions between EGCG and these macromolecules. The WPI- and NaCas-stabilized emulsions exhibited high encapsulation efficiencies (>80%) and significantly enhanced the bioaccessibility of EGCG by 64% compared to free EGCG after simulated gastrointestinal digestion. Notably, the NaCas emulsion facilitated higher intestinal permeability of EGCG across Caco-2 monolayers, attributed to the strong intermolecular interactions between caseins and EGCG. Furthermore, the emulsions protected Caco-2 cells against oxidative stress by suppressing intracellular reactive oxygen species generation. These findings demonstrate the potential of WPI- and NaCas-stabilized emulsions as effective delivery systems to improve the bioavailability, stability, and bioactivity of polyphenols like EGCG, enabling their applications in functional foods and nutraceuticals.
Preparation and Performance Evaluation of Self-Cementing Nanoscale Polymeric Microspheres with Salt and Temperature Tolerance
Authors: Qu Guohui , Li Bowen , Liu Yikun , Zhang Zilu , Bo Lifeng , Zhi Jiqiang , Tian Xuebin , Bai Xiaorui , Li Xiunan , Lv Qi
Published: May 2024

Polymer microspheres with temperature and salt resistance were synthesized using the anti-suspension polymerization method, incorporating the functional monomers AMPS, AM, and AA. To enhance their self-gelling properties, the microspheres were designed with a core–shell structure. The shell is composed of a polymeric surfactant, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether methacrylate (AEOMA), which serves as a thermosensitive crosslinking agent, enabling self-crosslinking upon shell decomposition, addressing compatibility with reservoir pore throat dimensions. Comprehensive characterizations including infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, optical microscopy, and laser particle size analysis were conducted. The microspheres exhibited successful synthesis, a nanoscale size, and regular spherical morphology. They demonstrated excellent temperature and salt resistance, making them suitable for high-temperature, high-salinity reservoir profile control. With a stable three-dimensional network structure, the microspheres displayed good expansion behavior due to hydrophilic groups along the polymer chains, resulting in favorable water affinity. Even after aging, the microspheres maintained their gelling state with a distinct and stable microscopic network skeleton. They exhibited superior plugging performance in low-permeability reservoirs, while effectively improving water absorption profiles in reservoirs with permeability contrasts of 10 to 80, thereby enhancing oil recovery.
Retraduire
Authors: Lefèbvre Jean-Pierre
Published: May 2024

While a first translation is often something of a discovery, the work of the re-translator, like any second-hand article, suffers from the suspicion it arouses. Whenever a work enters the public domain every new translation reinforces its cultural importance and underlines its market value. The anthropological background to the question of retranslation raises interesting issues with regard to the authority of first translations, and how the conceptual habits of the publishing industry can inhibit new critical readings. I will illustrate my perspective with examples from my re-translations of Marx’s Capital, Hegel’s Phenomenology of Spirit, Freud’s The Interpretation of Dream and a selection of Kafka’s major writings.
Retraduire la créativité langagière : les deux versions italiennes du Voyage en Grande Garabagne d’Henri Michaux
Authors: Regattin Fabio
Published: May 2024

This contribution will analyze the Italian retranslations of Voyage en Grande Garabagne, by Henri Michaux. This novel, first published in 1936, has been translated twice into Italian : the first time in 1966, by Liliana Magrini and Carla Vasio ; the second in 2005, by Gianni Celati and Jean Talon Sampieri. After a quick presentation of some salient features of the source text, our paper will describe the two Italian versions and analyze them in the light of Berman’s and Bensimon’s “ retranslation hypothesis”, focusing in particular on the translation of linguistic creativity.
Fallait-il retraduire Stefan Zweig ?
Authors: Wuilmart Françoise
Published: May 2024

The major foreign-language authors owe their worldwide renown to the commitment of their translators. But an enthusiastic transmission is no guarantee of quality. The polysystem out of which a translation emerges often induces a loss of polysemic and semantic complexity. For example, Alzir Hella, a close friend of Zweig, was concerned with fidelity to the original in spite of being a target-orientated translator avant la lettre. He was capable of betraying his author in a number of ways : allowing his own voice to penetrate the text, offering implicit judgements on the text, amputating it, and so on. In the process some of the most idiosyncratic elements of the original could be lost — its epic sweep, its lyrical flights and philosophical reflections.
Traduction technolectale en langues sénégalaises : comment se négocie la technicité du discours médical en jóola et wolof
Authors: Sambou Aly
Published: May 2024

The dissemination of knowledge has crucial implications for the empowerment of minority language populations. When it affects professional fields of activity, it enables speakers to make choices adapted to their specialised communication needs. In this respect, language, viewed from a translational perspective, is the main tool for achieving and measuring the effectiveness of communica tive performance. This is one of the preliminary observations that motivate a study on the translation of technolects into Senegalese languages. Considering that the technolect, by its nature and functions, calls for the use of the same translation methodology as in specialized translation, this study focuses on the way in which the transmission of technical information is negotiated in Jóola and Wolof. Using a bilingual corpus drawn from the medical text, we examine the translation choices made on the constituent elements of the technolectal discourse of this field to obtain a semantic equivalent. In the end, the study opens a reflection on the socioterminological dynamics of the two languages considered in a context marked by the constant diffusion of technical knowledge.
Traduction technique et technicité de la traduction : organiser le dialogue entre monde professionnel et formations
Authors: Froeliger Nicolas
Published: May 2024

Cet article aborde la question de l’adéquation entre les besoins du marché et les formations sous un angle essentiellement quantitatif, en rapprochant trois ensembles de données : un sondage effectué en 2022 par la Société française des traducteurs (SFT), renseignant essentiellement sur l’attitude des indépendants face à la technique et à la technicité de la traduction ; un deuxième conduit en 2021 sur les perceptions qu’ont de ces questions les traducteurs travaillant dans et pour des institutions (représentant le monde salarié) ; et un troisième réalisée auprès d’étudiants entrants et sortants au sein du réseau EMT (indicateur du travail accompli par les formations). Malgré des différences entre ces trois approches, il apparaît clairement que le dialogue existe, donne des résultats et doit être approfondi. Un des enseignements principaux de la confrontation de ces données est que l’on n’a pas encore tout à fait fini d’apprendre les arcanes de la

biotraduction lorsqu’on sort de formation, mais que celle-ci est souvent en avance sur le monde professionnel en ce qui concerne l’introduction des outils. Un autre est que la formation continue revêt une importance cruciale dans le secteur de la traduction et doit être approfondie.
Vers une approche discursive de la traduction automatique neuronale espagnol-français de textes techniques
Authors: Valdez Cristian
Published: May 2024

Cet article vise à présenter des informations empiriques sur la traduction automatique neuronale entre deux langues typologiquement proches, à savoir l’espagnol et le français. L’analyse est fondée sur un corpus de traduction automatique neuronale composé de textes techniques sur les cybermonnaies. Les textes traduits, obtenus par le biais de DeepL, ont été analysés selon trois critères : les omissions d’informations, la cohérence terminologique et la cohérence interne. Les résultats montrent que les dysfonctionnements ne sont pas nombreux, ce qui impliquerait un investissement temporel et technique moindre lors de la postédition. Cependant, la dificulté pour repérer les erreurs et les corriger induirait un effort cognitif considérable.
Are Dividends and Share Buybacks Substitutes in a Tax-Free Environment? Evidence from the GCC
Authors: AlTaweel AbdulRahman M. , Alabdullah Yaqoub A.
Published: May 2024

Purpose: We test whether dividends and share buybacks are substitutes in a tax-free environment. Firms in recent decades substituted buybacks for dividends due to the low tax rates on capital gains. Investors in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries do not pay taxes on cash dividends, making the substitution between dividends and buybacks less relevant.  Study design/ methodology/approach: We use an empirical approach using the Lintner (1956) model to estimate future dividend surprises, and subsequently run cross-sectional regressions using Fama-Macbeth (1973) to compare predicted dividend surprises with actual dividends paid and share repurchases.Sample and data: We collect data for firms headquartered in GCC countries from the World scope and DataStream databases, resulting in 8,729 firm-year observations spanning from 1993 to 2019.Results: We find that the dividend changes are positively related to share buyback yield. Firms that have positive (negative) dividend surprises are associated with more (less) repurchases activity. Our results suggest that dividends and repurchases are complements rather than substitutes in a tax-free environment. It supports the findings that taxes play an important consideration when firms decide their payout policy.Originality/value: This is the first paper that studies this substitution effect in payout policy in a tax-free environment.Research limitations/ implications: Limitations include lack of data prior to 2003 and other data availability limitations. Implications include how firms may decide their optimal payout policy and how repurchase regulations are set in the GCC.
 JEL classification: G15, G35
دور السرد القصصي للبيانات في الابتكار المؤسسي بوجود إدارة المعرفة متغيراً وسيطاً
Authors: الجداوي مديح ناير
Published: May 2024

هدف الدراسة: تعرض الدراسة لإدارة المعرفة متغيراً وسيطاً في العلاقة بين السرد القصصي للبيانات والابتكار المؤسسي.
تصميم/منهجية/طريقة الدراسة: استعين في الدراسة بقائمة استقصاء، انطوت على مجموعة من العبارات لقياس متغيرات الدراسة.
عينة الدراسة وبياناتها: أجريت الدراسة على عينة عشوائية، قوامها (384) من الخبراء في مجال السرد القصصي للبيانات على موقع "لينكد إن" (LinkedIn).
نتائج الدراسة: أفادت النتائج بأن كلاً من السرد القصصي للبيانات وإدارة المعرفة يؤثر معنوياً على الابتكار المؤسسي، كما أفادت بأن إدارة المعرفة - متغيراً وسيطاً – يؤثر معنوياً في العلاقة بين السرد القصصي للبيانات والابتكار المؤسسي.
أصالة الدراسة: تعدّ هذه الدراسة الأولى- بحسب علمنا - التي تقيس تأثير إدارة المعرفة على العلاقة بين السرد القصصي للبيانات والابتكار المؤسسي.
حدود الدراسة وتطبيقاتها: اقتصرت الدراسة على الخبراء في مجال السرد القصصي للبيانات على موقع "لينكد إن" (LinkedIn).
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DALAM PEMANFAATAN JAHE MERAH (ZINGIBER OFFICINALE ROSCOE) DALAM MENURUNKAN TEKANAN DARAH PENDERITA HIPERTENSI DI DESA TARATARA SATU
Authors: Langingi Ake
Published: May 2024

High blood pressure, also known as hypertension, is a non-communicable disease (NCD), which is a condition where blood pressure increases above the normal threshold of 120/80 mmHg; this includes an increase in systolic blood pressure of more than 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure of more than 90 mmHg in two measurements taken over five minutes in a resting or calm state. Red ginger also functions to lower blood pressure because the compounds contained in ginger have a mechanism that can inhibit the activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) so that it can reduce high blood pressure. The aim of this activity is to empower the community in the use of red ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) in reducing blood pressure in hypertension sufferers in Taratara Satu Village. The method used in this activity is the lecture method and providing education about the benefits of red ginger. Based on the results of PKM activities in Taratara Satu Village, Tomohon City, the results showed that there was an increase in public knowledge about the use of red ginger in lowering blood pressure in the community in Taratara Satu Village. It can be concluded that there has been an increase in public knowledge about the use of red ginger in lowering blood pressure in the community in Taratara Satu Village. As a suggestion for the public, to make more use of red ginger extract as part of complementary therapy to lower blood pressure.
GERAKAN LITERASI MASYARAKAT DI KECAMATAN SAPE KABUPATEN BIMA
Authors: Setiawan Agus , Tayeb Irfan , Waliyudin Waliyudin
Published: May 2024

Gerakan literasi pengabdian masyarakat  di pendidikan format menjadi ujung tombak dalam mengatasi literasi dasar masyarakat di desa, hal ini sebagai upaya mendorong maju perkembangan anak dalam mengatasi dampak perilaku negatif di tengah masyarakat. Lokus desa parangina salah satu desa di kecamatan sape yang literasi dasarnya tidak sedang baik-baik saja, maka untuk mengatasi permasalahan literasi ini perlu dilakukan dengan metode dengan tahapan sebagai berikut; 1). Melakukan koordinasi dengan masyarakat. 2). Ceramah menyampaikan materi literasi. 3). Melakukan pendampingan. Kegiatan gerakan literasi dapat memberikan manfaat wawasan kepada anak dan bagi orang tua. Temuan kegiatan pengabdian gemar literasi masyarakat adalah; 1). Mewujudkan pendidikan yang berkualitas sebab dalam proses pembelajarannya memberikan kesempatan kepada anak untuk bebas berkarya, berkreasi dan berimajinasi. 2). Kegiatan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan media berupa mewarnai memberikan motivasi kepada anak untuk memahami literasi (membaca dan menulis). 3). Adanya dukungan orang tuan dan masyarakat dalam kegiatan gemar literasi, hal ini diwujudkan dalam rekomendasi anak-anaknya untuk belajar di program literasi serta adanya dukungan tempat di masyarakat
Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics of COVID-19 Patients with Different Outcome, Treated with Convalescent Plasma
Authors: Дунаев И.А. , Потапнёв М.П. , Максимович А.В. , Гущина Л.М. , Карпенко Ф.Н.
Published: May 2024

Проведен анализ клинических, функциональных и лабораторных показателей пациентов с COVID-19, получавших терапию плазмой иммунной анти-COVID-19 (CCP). Сравнение пациентов группы выздоровевших (n=84) и умерших (n=27) показало, что факторами риска смертельного исхода при проведении терапии являются: возраст более 65 лет, уровень потока кислорода через носовые канюли более 10 л/мин (p=0,00027), потребность в ИВЛ (p=0,02), повышенные уровни лейкоцитов и нейтрофилов периферической крови до трансфузии ССР (p=0,0055 и p=0,0063 соответственно), возрастание уровня нейтрофилов периферической крови (p=0,00027) и уровня СОЭ и С-реактивного белка после трансфузии ССР (p=0,0045 и p=0,0001 соответственно). Сделан вывод о различии прогностически значимых клинико-лабораторных показателей у пациентов, выздоровевших или впоследствии умерших, при применении терапии с использованием ССР.

The analysis of clinical, functional and laboratory parameters of patients with COVID-19 who received therapy with immune anti-COVID-19 plasma (CCP) was carried out. The comparison of groups the recovered (n=84) and deceased (n=27) patients showed that the risk factors for death were: age of patients over 65 years, the level of oxygen flow through nasal cannulas over 10 l/min (p=0.00027), need for mechanical ventilation (p=0.02), increased levels of leukocytes and neutrophils of peripheral blood before CCP transfusion (p=0.0055 and p=0.0063, respectively), increased levels of peripheral blood neutrophils (p=0.00027) and levels of ESR and C-reactive protein after CCP transfusion (p=0.0045 and p=0.0001, respectively). The conclusion was made for existence of discrepancy between prognostically significant clinical and laboratory parameters of patients with recovered or deceased outcome when used CCP in COVID-19 therapy.
Pengembangan Soal Serupa PISA menggunakan Konteks Olahraga Polo Air
Authors: Eko Septiansyah Putra  , Dian Fitra  , Melinda Yusri Rizki
Published: May 2024

Studi PISA menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan literasi matematika siswa Indonesia masih berada di bawah skor rata-rata. Hal ini dapat disebabkan oleh banyak hal, salah satu diantaranya disebabkan oleh proses penilaian pembelajaran siswa di Indonesia masih jarang menggunakan soal yang menuntut siswa berpikir tingkat tinggi. Stacey merekomendasikan agar melakukan penelitian terkait penggunakan soal PISA dalam proses pembelajaran, tujuannya adalah untuk meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran serta kemampuan siswa. Untuk mengembangkan soal serupa PISA diperlukan sebuah konteks atau sebuah kondisi atau kejadian yang benar-benar terjadi yang dekat atau dapat dibayangkan oleh siswa. Salah satu peristiwa penting yang terjadi baru-baru ini di Indonesia adalah berlangsungnya ASIAN GAMES yang menjadikan Indonesia sebagai salah satu tuan rumahnya. Untuk itu dalam penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan salah satu cabang olahraga yang dipertandingkan dalam ajang tersebut sebagai konteks dalam mengembangkan soal serupa PISA. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan soal serupa PISA yang valid. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Design Research tipe penelitian pengembangan. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa sekolah menengah yang berusia 15 tahun. Penelitian ini terdiri dari beberapa tahapan utama yaitu preliminary study dan prototyping. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dari setiap tahapan penelitian yang telah dijalankan, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa soal serupa PISA menggunakan konteks Polo Air dinyatakan telah valid.
Applying Think Pair Share Strategy To Improve Speaking Skill Of Pharmacy Students In University Of Adiwangsa Jambi
Authors: Resi Silvia
Published: May 2024

Some problems are found in improving students’ speaking skill. Most of pharmacy students were unable to develop their ideas verbally. This research belongs to quasi experimental research with factorial 2x2. This study aims to find out the effect of Think Pair Share Strategy and students’ motivation toward their speaking skill of procedure text. This research was conducted in University of Adiwangsa Jambi. Pharmacy students are taken as the sample. Speaking test and questioners are used to collect the data. In order to test the significance between the groups, the independent samples t-test was used. The results of the research showed a significant difference between the students who were learned by applying Think Pair Share strategy that was more successful and had higher motivation level. Based on the findings, it indicated that this strategy had significant effect on improving speaking skill and motivation.
Kurikulum Merdeka dalam Pendidikan Modern
Authors: Dian Fitra
Published: May 2024

Kurikulum menduduki posisi sentral dalam semua kegiatan pendidikan, dan untuk mencapai tujuan pendidikan, kurikulum perlu meningkatkan kualitasnya dengan memperhatikan kebutuhan dan tahap perkembangan peserta didik, serta mengakomodasi kebutuhan pengembangan nasional. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memberi gambaran kurikulum merdeka sebagai wujud merdeka belajar yang ada di sekolah. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi kepustakaan sebagai metode untuk mengumpulkan data. Kurikulum merdeka merupakan pendekatan pendidikan yang sangat penting dalam konteks pendidikan modern. Melalui individualisasi pembelajaran, pengembangan keterampilan abad ke-21, pemberdayaan guru, mendorong inovasi, pembangunan kemandirian siswa, dan relevansi dengan dunia nyata, kurikulum merdeka membuka pintu untuk pendidikan yang lebih efektif dan relevan. Selain itu ada sejumlah kekurangan dan kendala dalam implementasinya. Penting bagi para pembuat kebijakan pendidikan untuk mempertimbangkan tantangan ini secara serius dan mencari cara untuk mengatasi mereka guna memaksimalkan potensi Kurikulum Merdeka dalam meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan secara keseluruhan. Dengan perencanaan dan dukungan yang tepat, kurikulum merdeka dapat menjadi alat yang efektif dalam membentuk generasi yang lebih kompeten dan siap menghadapi tantangan masa depan.
Wellbeing in the teachers' profession. Theoretical considerations and multi-cultural research in Europe
Authors: Wiesner Christian , Martinsone Baiba , Jensen Maria Therese , Zechner Kerstin Angelika
Published: May 2024

The article commences by introducing the “Teaching to Be” project, an initiative under the European Policy Experimentation, which focuses on supporting teachers’ professional growth and wellbeing in the realm of social and emotional learning. Subsequently, it delves into a presentation of various well-being models and approaches to professional wellbeing. This highlights the diversity of theoretical perspectives within this domain, some of which harmonize with each other while others diverge. Simultaneously, it conscientiously acknowledges blind spots and proposes potential novel, alternative pathways for the future. The article serves as a prelude to fundamental deliberations that have notably influenced the “Teaching to Be” project as well as our future-oriented considerations. In this project, there is a dedicated focus on the well-being of teachers in their profession. (DIPF/Orig.)
Perspectives for unfolding well-being in the context of teacher education. Emerging well-being insights from theoretical Austrian traditions
Authors: Wiesner Christian , Zechner Kerstin Angelika , Dörfler Sylvia , Karrer Hannes , Schrank Beate
Published: May 2024

This article focuses on teacher education and aims to gain new and different insights into teacher education with reference to wellbeing. The Austrian contribution initially introduces the project team and the understanding of well-being from a specific tradition, which has particularly evolved through the project over time. It highlights the importance of well-being and the diversity of its interpretations, aiming to link this approach with several Austrian traditions of thought. It also seems theoretically not insignificant how the word ‘wellbeing’ or ‘wellbeing’ is spelt. To emphasize the connection to teacher education, the concept of well-being is associated with the Didactic Triangle of Johann Friedrich Herbart (1776–1841) and interwoven across and through Austrian traditions of thinking. Some exemplary excerpts from focus groups illustrate the theoretical considerations presented in this paper. The article suggests that future research should particularly contemplate the directedness of one’s exegesis – because when considering Austrian traditions of thought, a careful unpacking of the meaning is required. Particularly in the application of the idea and concept in relation to teacher education. (DIPF/Orig.)