bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The limit of power flow in the traction power supply system
Authors: Ivanov Mihail , Seronosov Vladimir
Published: July 2024

Objective: the concept of the limit of power flow is widely used in general industrial power engineering to compare different ways of amplifying an electric network. In this paper, it is proposed to use it to evaluate the operation of traction networks of railways. Setting the traction power load is used in several simulation development of an express methodology for comparing various ways to enhance traction power supply is an urgent task. Methods: the paper uses mathematical modeling methods based on the theory of electrical circuits. The MATLAB software package was used as a modeling tool. Results: expressions are obtained for calculating the maximum transmitted power depending on the length of the substation zone. The dependence of the transmitted power on the minimum voltage on the current collector, the equivalent resistance of traction substations for DC sections, is analyzed. For alternating current sections, the dependence of the transmitted power on the power factor of the traction load is analyzed. The conclusion is made about the relevance of increasing the power factor of an alternating current electric rolling stock. Practical importance: the proposed technique will allow you to quickly assess the effect of using various methods of strengthening the traction power supply system.
Intelligent system for monitoring locomotive driver alertness and actions
Authors: Volodin Anatoliy , Sychugov Anton , Urasinov Daniil , Denisenko Pavel , Andreev Kirill , Voloschuk Vadim
Published: July 2024

Objective: the article considers an approach to the development of a system for monitoring the vigilance and actions of the driver using technical vision and neural network models. The main purpose of the research is to improve the safety of railway transport. Methods: data collection from various sources, annotation, data purification and normalization, neural network training based on video recordings of drivers’ faces in various states and data on their behavior. Neural network learning algorithms based on the architecture of convolutional neural networks, teaching methods with a teacher, mask segmentation methods and proportional resizing of the area of interest, mask segmentation methods for determining the contour of an object in an image, deep learning algorithms such as stochastic gradient descent and error back propagation. Results: a system has been developed that determines the emotional state of the driver based on a real-time video stream, detecting signs of fatigue or distraction, warning of possible dangerous situations. This approach will allow you to quickly respond to the risks that arise in the process of train control, which allows you to increase the level of train safety. Practical significance: a system for monitoring the vigilance and actions of the driver has been developed and can be implemented on locomotives or motor-car rolling stock for real monitoring and prevention of emergency situations.
Vozes Indígenas, Acervos e Arquitetura
Authors: Fernandes Florêncio Rekayg , Spenassatto Josiéli
Published: July 2024

Entre 2020-2021, foi realizado o projeto “A Dimensão Imaterial do Construir e Habitar Indígenas”, em âmbito de edital de cultura. A proposta consistiu do encontro de sujeitos representantes dos povos Xetá, Kanhgág e Mbyá-Guarani com fotografias antigas de contextos arquitetônicos indígenas acervadas no Museu Paranaense, culminando em documentações sonoras e textuais, transcrições e análises sócio-arquitetônicas. No desenvolvimento do projeto, problemáticas processuais foram levantadas e informadas pelos conhecimentos indígena e antropológico, com destaque aos desafios éticos na prática de interlocução e à contemporaneidade das perspectivas teórico-metodológicas sobre trabalhos colaborativos com populações tradicionais. A consciência de que estariam em jogo, não somente saberes formais sobre as técnicas, materiais, empregos e outros aspectos das construções, mas também infinidades de afetações que são próprias das relações que cada indígena ou coletivo tem com os acervos, foi fundamental. Resulta que o projeto promoveu, em primeira mão, um arranjo de narrativas arquitetônicas que parte das vozes de representantes dos povos envolvidos, não tanto preocupada em qualificá-las, mas em ensejar saber o que são e geram para essas pessoas desde seus próprios conceitos, contextos e sensações.
O fazer coletivo como método curatorial
Authors: Milanez Felipe , Pataxó Arissana , Tuxá Yacuna , Karapotó Ziel , Xukuru Juliana Alves , Sá Lucia , Mandagará Pedro , Tupinambá Olinda , Guarani Graciela , Tupinambá Glicéria , Caboco Gustavo , Kuhamatí Tuxá Sérgio
Published: July 2024

Baseado na experiência de curadoria coletiva da exposição Hãhãw: Arte Indígena Antirracista e de uma série de ocupações artísticas em Salvador, este artigo elabora noções sobre o  sentido coletivo, e sobre o  fazer coletivo como um fazer comum ('commoning') de processos  curatoriais. Curadoria e criação artística são movimentos dialógicos que  compartilham muitos de seus processos. Na primeira parte, é apresentada uma narrativa do processo de pesquisa e criação da exposição no âmbito do projeto  Culturas de Antirracismo na América Latina (CARLA), e em seguida, cada artista-pesquisadora-curadora discorre brevemente sobre sua obra. Alguns dos processos desenvolvidos para essa exposição, como é descrito ao final, podem ser reimaginados em novos contextos expositivos, tal como a circulação recente da exposição Hãhãw em diferentes museus do Nordeste.
O sonho do machado
Authors: Pimentel Lucia Gouvêa , Faria Tales Bedeschi , Silva Vanginei Leite da
Published: July 2024

Os artistas indígenas têm sido crescentemente demandados por museus e galerias de arte, rompendo um cerco institucional secular, que situava os indígenas como objeto da arte. Compreendemos, contudo, que os fundamentos filosóficos que sustentam a tradição cultural das curadorias e propostas expográficas não manejam ferramentas adequadas para acessar as diversas camadas de um trabalho artístico formulado em contextos indígenas. Dessa forma, pretendemos nos dedicar a três exposições das quais participou o ceramista Nei Xakriabá, a partir de três dispositivos de análise: o sonho, a retomada e a caçada. Todos eles gestados em contextos indígenas e por indígenas. Concluímos que, para penetrar nos universos indígenas, não basta inserir peças indígenas em exposições programáticas, mas é preciso desenhar projetos expográficos com ou construídos por indígenas.
A história da arte como histórias das florestas. Reflexões sobre protagonismo feminino a partir da exposição Ka’a Body
Authors: Benites Sandra , Ekman Anita , Ribeiro Amaro Fernanda
Published: July 2024

Este texto se propõe a pensar uma “história da arte da floresta”, como alternativa a uma história da arte brasileira oficial, ressaltando o fundamental papel das mulheres, em especial de mulheres indígenas neste processo. A pergunta que nos conduz às reflexões aqui presentes seria: como pensar uma história da arte brasileira, em especial do território das florestas tropicais, a partir da arte produzida por mulheres indígenas? A narrativa da proposta curatorial da exposição Ka’a Body: cosmovisões da floresta e seus desdobramentos será trazida neste artigo, para discutir como coletivos de mulheres artistas se situam no contexto da arte indígena contemporânea e qual é a reverberação dessa inserção em seus contextos de vida. Desse modo pretendemos pensar de qual maneira a história da arte produzida no território das florestas tropicais é compreendida. Partindo de uma iniciativa pioneira, que visa introduzir no campo da arte contemporânea coletivos de mulheres indígenas, a exposição foi um manifesto acerca da importância de refletirmos sobre a História das Florestas no Brasil trazendo à tona diferentes cosmovisões e histórias de resistências acerca do corpo-território das florestas brasileiras e dando ênfase ao protagonismo das mulheres.
Arte NFT, um enquadramento aurático
Authors: Costa Júlio F. R.
Published: July 2024

Este artigo tem como desiderato reflectir o contexto em que se dão algumas das principais transformações hodiernas da Arte. Recorrendo ao conceito clássico de aura, concebido por Walter Benjamin, e outras interpretações do termo, almejamos enquadrar a Arte NFT no paradigma da arte contemporânea, para que, a partir dessa articulação, possamos pensar a natureza da arte digital e o seu lugar no mundo da arte. Damos conta de alguns dos marcos que caracterizam a História recente da Arte e da Tecnologia, de forma a desbravar o caminho que nos conduz a uma clareira aurática – onde podemos pensar o objecto de estudo de forma informada e com clareza. Mondado o contexto, estaremos preparados para retirar as conclusões em torno das diferenças entre Arte e NFTs. Importa reflectir a arte digital segundo as características idiossincráticas, deixando de lado as características artificiais que lhe são impostas por voracidades mercantis. A aura da obra de arte, na era da sua reprodutibilidade digital, advém da sua própria reprodutibilidade, segundo as essências do próprio espaço e tempo digital.
Local instruction theory in the realistic mathematics education approach to improve students' mathematical proficiency in linear equation topics
Authors: Ode Samura Asri , Im Rosdiana , Ruslan Jainudin
Published: July 2024

[English]: The present study examines the improvement of students' mathematical proficiency in linear equation topics using local instruction theory (LIT) with a realistic mathematics education (RME) approach. This research employed a quasi-experiment, one-group pretest-posttest design. The sample was 37 secondary school students at SMP Negeri 1 South Halmahera, class VIII. The instrument used is a mathematical proficiency test consisting of 4 essay questions. Data were analyzed using the prerequisite test, Mann-Whitney test, Cohens (d) effect sizes test, and the gain value was determined. As a result, there are differences in students’ mathematical proficiency before and after implementing LIT through the RME approach. The influence of LIT with the RME approach on mathematics proficiency is very high. The students can define a linear equation, determine the slope of the line, construct a linear equation, integrate the linear graphs, and determine solutions for the linear equation problems.
[Bahasa]: Penelitian ini mengkaji peningkatan kemampuan matematis siswa pada materi persamaan garis lurus menggunakan local instruction theory (LIT) melalui pendekatan realistic mathematics education (RME). Penelitian ini menggunakan desain quasi-eksperimen, one-group pretest-posttest. Sampel penelitian adalah siswa SMP Negeri 1 Halmahera Selatan kelas VIII sebanyak 37 orang. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa tes kemampuan matematis yang terdiri atas 4 soal essai. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji prasyarat, uji Mann-Whitney, uji Cohens (d) effect sizes, dan juga dilakukan perhitungan nilai gain. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan kemampuan matematis antara sebelum dan setelah penerapan LIT dengan pendekatan RME. Pengaruh LIT dengan pendekatan RME terhadap kemampuan matematis siswa berkategori sangat tinggi. Siswa mampu mendefinisikan persamaan garis lurus, mampu menentukan kemiringan suatu garis lurus, dapat menyusun persamaan garis lurus, mengintegrasikan suatu grafik garis lurus, dan menentukan solusi dari masalah yang berkaitan dengan persamaan garis lurus.
BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY OF PESANTREN'S COOPERATIVES: LESSONS FROM PESANTREN DAARUT TAUHIID
Authors: Irfany Mohammad Iqbal , Rahmat Muhammad Alifka , Haq Daffa Aqomal
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Islamic boarding schools have significant potential to boost the Sharia economy, notably through cooperative formation. However, many of these cooperatives, including the Daarut Tauhiid Islamic Boarding School Cooperative (DT Cooperative), are not performing optimally. DT Cooperative contributes only 5% to the school's financial independence, and its residual business result (sisa hasil usaha, SHU) has varied over the last three years. This research aims to identify DT Cooperative's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, and to establish strategic priorities for cooperative development.
Methods: The Analytical Network Process (ANP) with a Strength-Weakness-Opportunity-Threat (SWOT) network was employed in this study.
Results: The findings of this study indicate that strength is the top priority in establishing the DT Cooperative business. The most influential characteristics of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and dangers are a structured organization, suboptimal marketing management, a huge market share, and shifting company dynamics. The most important approach to pursue is to increase cooperation among various groups.
Conclusion and suggestion: This research highlights the need to improve organizational relationships and address marketing management deficiencies in DT Cooperatives. By leveraging organizational strengths and fostering collaboration, Islamic boarding school cooperatives can better support Sharia economic efforts. Insights from this study apply to Daarut Tauhiid and similar cooperatives, and underscore the importance of policies that enhance training, consultation, and networking among Islamic boarding schools. This study contributes to the economic development knowledge of Islamic boarding schools, particularly cooperatives, in enhancing community welfare and supporting their economic independences.
DOES THE HALAL LABEL MEDIATE CONSUMER PURCHASING DECISIONS?
Authors: Juliana Juliana , Adamsah Bahtiar , Utami Suci Apriliani , Menne Firman , Ismail Shafinar , Inomjon Qudratov
Published: July 2024

Introduction: To determine the influence of price levels, celebrity  endorser, halal lifestyle and the level of halal labels as an intervening variable in purchasing decisions for Kahf products in Indonesia.
Method: The method used in this research is quantitative with a causality. The sample for this research consisted of 240 respondents taken using purposive sampling which was carried out from September – December 2023. The analysis tool used was Partial Least Square – Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) using the SmartPLS 3 application.
Results: The results show price levels, halal lifestyle , celebrity endorsers , halal labels, and purchasing decisions for Kahf products are in the high category. Then, the price level has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions for Kahf products , but the level of halal lifestyle and celebrities endorser no effect. Other findings show that the halal label is able to mediate price, halal lifestyle and celebrity endorser on the decision to purchase Kahf products .
Conclusion and sugession: The development of marketing strategies by companies that sell at competitive prices, a halal lifestyle, and the support of well-known celebrities can improve the image of halal products and increase the appeal of consuls.
BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF ZAKAT RESEARCH FOR SUPPORTING SDGS
Authors: Rosyidi Luthfi Nur , Sukmaningrum Puji Sucia , Widiastuti Tika
Published: July 2024

Introduction: This research aims to reveal and map the publication regarding zakat to achieve SDGs.
Methods: Based on the Scopus database, this study attempts to present an overview of papers, authors, journals, and countries that are prominent in zakat research using the bibliometric technique.
Results: Until November 2022, there were 618 documents published by 1,356 authors. And zakat-related research has increased over the last 14 years, with Malaysia having the most authors publishing articles in the field of zakat. Non-Muslim countries, such as the United States, are also included on the list. The research findings show that there are seven pillars in zakat research: pillar 1 (No Poverty), pillar 2 (Zero Hunger), pillar 3 (Good Health & Well-being), pillar 4 (Quality Education), pillar 8 (Decent Work & Economic Growth), pillar 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure), and pillar 10 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure). These pillars correspond to the goal of zakat, which is to distribute wealth for the benefit of the people.
Conclusion and suggestion: The government is expected to implement regulations and use existing models to optimize zakat to improve SDG achievement. This research can also be used as a guideline for future research by academics based on the trend and the gap research found in this study.
The Effect of Education on Writing Integrated Patient Progress Notes (IPPNs) at Several Government Hospitals in Bukittinggi, Indonesia
Authors: Suhaili Serdiani , Hansen Nasif  , Yelly Oktavia Sari
Published: July 2024

Background: The writing of Integrated Patient Progress Notes (IPPNs) by pharmacists generally does not fulfil the correct writing standards. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the effect of education on the level of knowledge and writing profile of IPPN. Methods: A prospective analytic method research design was used with data collection techniques through questionnaires and total sampling for IPPN data. The researcher developed a valid and reliable questionnaire to measure pharmacists' level of knowledge. Education was conducted through "Focus Group Discussion" with PowerPoint slides of SOAP method writing material and SOAP framework leaflets. Quantitative analysis of IPPN data was performed using the Wilcoxon test on SPSS. Results: The results showed that the highest percentage of pharmacists' knowledge level before education was A.M Hospital (87%) and after education was B Hospital (95%). The profile of IPPN writing by pharmacists before being given education showed the highest percentage of IPPN writing suitability was at A.M Hospital (21.6%), and the completeness of IPPN writing was at M.H Hospital (99%). After education, the highest percentage of IPPNs writing suitability was in B Hospital (64.3%), and the completeness of IPPNs writing was in M.H Hospital (97.9%). Education has an effect on pharmacists' knowledge level (p-value 0.029) and the appropriateness profile of IPPN writing (p-value 0.013). However, education did not affect the completeness of writing Integrated Patient Progress Notes (IPPNs) (p-value 0.285). Conclusion: Education succeeded in improving pharmacists' knowledge of writing CPPT correctly.
Skin Penetration of Corn Silk (Zea mays L.) Transdermal Patch on Wistar Mice Skin Using Franz Diffusion Cell
Authors: Alzahra Dita Fatimah , Lestari Ayu Diah , Haryadi Elvan , Malau Nur Aisyah , Risanli Vio Agister , Fitria Apriani Elsa Fitria Apriani
Published: July 2024

Background: Corn silk (Zea mays L.) contains many active compounds, especially the flavonoid quercetin which has pharmacological activity as an antihyperlipidemic agent by reducing cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the body. Antihyperlipidemic treatment by oral route, such as statin drugs, has the disadvantage of experiencing a first-pass effect in the liver, which reduces the bioavailability of the drug. In addition to avoiding the first-pass effect, transdermal patches can improve patient compliance because they are easy to use. Objective: This study aims to optimize the transdermal patch formula of corn silk extract and test the penetration of the optimum formula by in vitro. Method: Optimization of the formula using the Regular Two-Level Factorial Design method on Design Expert®. This study used 2 factors, namely HPMC with a concentration of 3%-4% and PVP with a concentration of 1%-2%. The optimum formula obtained was subjected to in vitro penetration test using Franz diffusion cell. Results: Based on the results of factorial design analysis, the optimum formula of transdermal patches is at HPMC and PVP concentrations of 3.49% and 1% with moisture content, moisture uptake, percentage of elongation, and folding endurance respectively of 7.79%, 4.19%, 13.26% and 470.58 fold. The optimum formula of corn silk extract transdermal patch preparation also had an optimum percent cumulative amount of penetrated flavonoids of 96.06% and flux of 6.17 µg/cm2.hour at 3 hours. Conclusion: Transdermal patch dosage of corn silk extract with HPMC and PVP concentrations of 3.49% and 1% proved to have good characteristics and penetration rate.
Pharmacy Students’ Readiness for Offline Learning in The New Normal Transmission of COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Budi Suprapti  , Ratri Dinda Monika Nusantara , Mareta Rindang Andarsari  , Ritonga Fany Devita , R.R. Endang Lukitaningsih  , Enda Mora  , Enok Nurliawati
Published: July 2024

Background: Pharmacy students consist of undergraduate and professional pharmacy students. They are candidates for future pharmacist health workers who require practical experience. Offline learning with hands-on practice methods in health facilities supports their professional skills. Objective: This study aimed to determine pharmacy students' knowledge and attitude toward implementing offline learning methods during the new normal era. Methods: This study involved pharmacy students from Indonesia who were asked to participate in an e-questionnaire about the vaccination program, COVID-19 health protocols, pharmacist competence, and attitude toward implementing offline learning. The students' scores were based on their knowledge and attitude. Statistical analysis was performed to compare the scores between the two groups, and a correlation test was conducted to assess the relationship between the students' knowledge and attitudes. Results: A total of 652 pharmacy students were divided into two groups, undergraduate and professional pharmacy students, in a 3:1 ratio. About 74.6% of undergraduate students and 78.5% of professional pharmacy students had good and moderate knowledge. The level of knowledge was not different between the two groups (p=0.602; p>α). Professional pharmacy students were more ready to engage in offline learning compared to undergraduate students (p=0.001; p<α). However, there was a relatively low correlation between knowledge and attitudes, with r = 0.079 (p=0.043; p<α). Conclusion: Professional pharmacy students are more ready for offline learning methods than undergraduate students, particularly in hands-on field practice.
Cost-Consequence Analysis of Levofloxacin Compared to Ceftriaxone in Community-Acquired Pneumonia of Adult Inpatients at X Hospital Surakarta
Authors: Rahardjoputro Rolando , Amrullah Adhi Wardhana , Santoso Joko , Saraswati Hanugrah Ardya Crisdian , Ernawati  , Astuti Hutari Puji , Irdianty Mellia Silvy , Fitriana Rufaida Nur
Published: July 2024

Background: Community-acquired pneumonia is still a significant cost-burden disease in healthcare facilities. Pharmacoeconomic analysis using the cost-consequence analysis (CCA) method of ceftriaxone compared to levofloxacin as a first-line empirical antibiotic has never been carried out. Objective: to model the clinical and economic impact of administering ceftriaxone as a first-line empirical antibiotic compared to its comparator levofloxacin for community-acquired pneumonia therapy in hospitalized adult inpatients from the perspective of healthcare facilities. Methods: This research is a retrospective observational study that collects medical records and patient billing data in X Hospital Surakarta from January to December 2022 period. The study was conducted from June to July 2023. Subjects were adult inpatients aged ≥ 18 years with community-acquired pneumonia and were given levofloxacin or ceftriaxone as first-line empiric antibiotics. The data taken included patient profile, antibiotic effectiveness and direct medical costs. Cost-consequence analysis (CCA) was used to compare levofloxacin to ceftriaxone to assess their impact on length of stay, antibiotic effectiveness, and direct medical costs based on a healthcare perspective. Results: The antibiotic effectiveness for levofloxacin was 75.00%, and ceftriaxone was 93.33%. The average length of stay for levofloxacin was 3.39 days, and ceftriaxone was 3.00 days. The total direct medical costs for levofloxacin were IDR 2,056,799, and ceftriaxone was IDR 1,969,627. Conclusion: The administration of ceftriaxone to levofloxacin as a first-line empirical antibiotic for community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized adult patients had the consequence of increasing antibiotic effectiveness, reducing the length of stay and saving total direct medical costs by IDR 87,172.
Stem Cell Studies of Professor Doctor Sureyya Tahsin Aygun
Authors: Ay Hakan , Ortadeveci Abdullah , Küçük Burak , Özden Hilmi
Published: July 2024

Stem cells are unspecialized cells in the human body. They can differentiate into any cell of the organism and have the ability to renew themselves. Thus, they contribute to the formation of all mature cells in the body and form the basis of every cell, tissue and organ. A stem cell can ensure both self-renewal and differentiation.
Süreyya Tahsin Aygün received his Ph.D. from the Berlin School of Veterinary Medicine in 1926. He focused on cell culture and conducted studies on cardiac stem cells. He observed the regenerative and proliferative capacity of cardiac stem cells. Aygün concluded that young, immature, homogeneous human cells have an unexpected medical effect because animal cells are suitable for animal organism and human cells are suitable for human organism. Aygün's treatment with human cell cultures can be used for many diseases such as heart, kidney, liver and circulatory diseases, stroke, tumors, schizophrenia and multiple sclerosis. Even prolongation of physiological age and life expectancy combined with visible rejuvenation has come into the realm of possibility as pathophysiologically aging cells regress and are replaced by young, viable human cultured cells.
Süreyya Tahsin Aygün is the first Turkish scientist to work on stem cells. Süreyya Tahsin Aygün's studies in Germany and Turkey demonstrate his contribution to stem cell and regenerative medicine. Looking at Aygün's other studies, one better understands the importance of joint research between veterinary medicine and medicine. Ord. prof. Aygün's work "Die Human-Zellkultur-Therapie, Neue erfolgreiche Möglichkeiten zur Therapie des Mongolismus und anderer Krankheiten" and other works should be reissued in view of their contribution to today's medical developments.
Mass Spectrometry Imaging to map metabolites in plant-microbe interactions: grapevine as a case study
Authors: Maia Marisa , Aziz Aziz , Jeandet Philippe , Figueiredo Andreia , Carré Vincent
Published: July 2024

Every year, viticulture faces several disease outbreaks caused by pathogens with different life cycles and modes of action, and due to climate changes, the appearance of new pathogens is a concern for viticulture. To cope with the different pathogenic microorganisms, the plant must recognise the invading agent and arm itself with an arsenal of defence reactions, including the accumulation of antimicrobial metabolites.The modulation of plant metabolites is one of the first responses to biotic factors. Their rapid synthesis can greatly contribute to strengthening plant defence allowing it to adapt, minimise pathogen colonisation and survive. Despite the scientific community's efforts to characterise the grapevine defence responses to pathogens, the molecules involved in pathogen control and their specific localisation remain to be deciphered.Mass Spectrometry Imaging (MSI) analytical techniques enable one to visualise and map the spatial distribution of numerous biological molecules within plant tissues allowing a better understanding of their biosynthesis, localisation and function.In this review, we explore the applications of MSI techniques to the study of plant/microbe interactions focusing on grapevine studies. This review opens new doors to gain a comprehensive understanding of the dynamics and variations of metabolite profiles in grapevine organs, at different developmental stages and under various stress conditions. This knowledge is crucial for elucidating the role of specific metabolites in grapevine defence mechanisms, and for identifying specific regions of high or low metabolite production, which can contribute to targeted breeding to improve disease resistance traits and have an impact on grapevine productivity and quality.
Practical observations on the basis of the results of the Regional Hospital in Vienna
Authors: Dietl Józef
Published: July 2024

Przekład z niemieckiego:Marzena Szczudlik Niniejszy tekst jest pierwszą, w zasadzie pełną (opuszczono dwa krótkie fragmenty dotyczące gorączki kataralnej i reumatycznej), polską edycją pracy Józefa Dietla (1804-1878) „Praktische Wahrnemungen…”, opublikowanego w połowie XIX w. w Wiedniu. Potrzeba edycji niniejszego tekstu w języku polskim wynika z jego znaczenia dla rozwoju Nowej Szkoły Wiedeńskiej. Dietl wyjaśnił w nim podstawy nihilizmu terapeutycznego oraz uzasadnił znaczenie matematyki, chemii i anatomii patologicznej dla praktyki lekarskiej
Hermann Joseph Hinterstoisser – a manager of the Silesian Hospital in Cieszyn
Authors: Lusek Joanna
Published: July 2024

Hermann Joseph Hinterstoisser (1861-1932) był to wybitny specjalista w zakresie chirurgii i ginekologii, lekarz wojskowy, wieloletni dyrektor Szpitala Śląskiego w Cieszynie (1892- 1930), inicjator rozwoju pogotowia ratunkowego oraz kształcenia medycznego personelu pomocniczego, członek wielu stowarzyszeń medycznych, działacz społeczny, taternik, alpinista i numizmatyk.
History of the Saint Elizabeth Sisters’ Hospital in Poznań and its owners
Authors: Magowska Anita , Bogusz Halina
Published: July 2024

Artykuł przedstawia działalność istniejącego w latach 1909-1949 Szpitala Zgromadzenia Sióstr Św. Elżbiety w Poznaniu. Podstawą źródłową są materiały pochodzące ze zbiorów poznańskich elżbietanek i Archiwum Państwowego w Poznaniu. Przedstawiono historię szpitala, za szczególnym uwzględnieniem dwóch wojen światowych, jego organizację, personel medyczny i pacjentów. Elżbietanki przybyły do Poznania w 1871 r. i początkowo pełniły posługę pielęgniarską w domach chorych. W 1909 r. otworzyły tutaj szpital, który był zorganizowany według najlepszych wzorów zachodnioeuropejskich. Jego dyrektorem był dr Leon Mieczkowski, były asystent znakomitych polskich chirurgów Ludwika Rydygiera i Jana Mikulicza, a po jego śmierci Jan Schlingmann. Po II wojnie światowej szpital został znacjonalizowany. Dopiero w 2012 r. władze państwowe zwróciły siostrom budynek.
Man in Space: the History of Prioprioception
Authors: Jokiel Marta , Romanowski Leszek
Published: July 2024

: Propriocepcja jest jedną z podstawowych składowych motorycznej części układu nerwowego człowieka. Do jej głównych zadań należy przede wszystkim odbieranie bodźców ze środowiska zewnętrznego i kontrolowanie odpowiedzi motorycznej w postaci wzbudzenia ruchu lub napięcia odpowiednich struktur tkankowych. Jej sprawne funkcjonowanie stanowi fundament prawidłowo funkcjonującego organizmu. W ciągu ostatnich kilkudziesięciu lat istota propriocepcji została doceniona przez szerokie grono naukowców, lekarzy specjalistów oraz fizjoterapeutów, którzy zgodnie podkreślają, iż jest ona kluczowym elementem zakończenia procesu rehabilitacji oraz pełnego powrotu do zdrowia pacjentów. Historia tego ciekawego zjawiska sięga połowy XVI wieku, jednakże swój prawdziwy rozkwit osiągnęła na przełomie XIX i XX wieku dzięki pracy Sir Charlesa Scotta Sherringtona.
Duality Principles and Numerical Procedures for a Large Class of Non-convex Models in the Calculus of Variations
Authors: Botelho Fabio Silva
Published: July 2024

This article develops duality principles and numerical results for a large class of non-convex variational models. The main results are based on fundamental tools of convex analysis, duality theory and calculus of variations. More specifically the approach is established for a class of non-convex functionals similar as those found in some models in phase transition. Finally, in some sections we present concerning numerical examples and the respective softwares.
Duality Principles and Numerical Procedures for a Large Class of Non-Convex Models in the Calculus of Variations
Authors: Botelho Fabio Silva
Published: July 2024

This article develops duality principles and numerical results for a large class of non-convex variational models. The main results are based on fundamental tools of convex analysis, duality theory and calculus of variations. More specifically the approach is established for a class of non-convex functionals similar as those found in some models in phase transition. Finally, in some sections we present concerning numerical examples and the respective softwares.
The Veterinarian’s Role in Biocontainment Research Animal Facilities and Prevention of Spread of Pathogens in Africa
Authors: Chipangura John Kudakwashe , Abdussamad Abdussamad M. , Lewis David I.
Published: July 2024

COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, was first identified in China in 2019. The exact origin of the disease remains uncertain, with theories suggesting it may have emerged from animals or accidentally leaked from a research laboratory. If the hypothesis that COVID-19 originated from a research laboratory is accurate, it is crucial to investigate potential pathways for pathogens to escape from biocontainment research animal facilities (BRAFs). We examine key biosafety issues associated with BRAFs, including inadequate decontamination procedures for water and experimental samples, handling high biosafety level pathogens in lower level laboratories, risks of animal bites and sharps injuries, contamination of bedding and enrichment materials, and improper management and transportation of biohazard samples. Additionally, we discuss the role of veterinarians in African research animal facilities and the challenges they encounter in maintaining biocontainment standards. We emphasize the importance of routine monitoring of effluent water to detect possible disease outbreaks. We recommend a thorough investigation of the COVID-19 pandemic to identify potential sources of pathogen release from BRAFs, which could serve as hotspots for future disease outbreaks. Findings from such investigations will inform the development of policies aimed at safeguarding human populations from future pandemics and preventing BRAFs from becoming sources of infectious disease outbreaks.
Examining Crop Yield Losses in Igdır Plain Irrigation Systems in Turkiye amidst Water Constraints
Authors: Karaaslan Yakup
Published: July 2024

Turkiye, located in the Mediterranean Basin, has started to experience the impacts of climate change, primarily manifesting in severe droughts that significantly affect agricultural output. Water stands as a crucial component in agricultural production. This study aims to propose water efficiency measures essential for climate change adaptation. By accessing pertinent data, partic-ularly in agriculturally reliant developing nations, this research endeavours to analyse yield losses in major crops within agricultural regions using the most suitable methodologies. Furthermore, it seeks to ascertain the financial ramifications of such losses. The methodological framework de-vised for this purpose was implemented in Türkiye's Iğdır Plain, selected as the study site. In 2022, the Iğdır province received 40% less precipitation than its usual levels. This study anticipates substantial losses in agricultural yield due to water scarcity resulting from prolonged drought conditions. Analysis reveals that among the crops cultivated in the region, clover belonging to the field crops category exhibits the highest water dependency, while apricot demonstrates the least reliance on water resources. In light of these considerations, the recommended crop rotation for the Iğdır Plain under water constraints comprises wheat, watermelon, maize, melon, apple, and apricot. Emphasizing enhanced water transmission and utilization efficiency, particularly in ir-rigation zones, prioritizing water stress-resistant crops within basin crop patterns, and favouring alternative crops over those demanding excessive water will foster sustainable water resource management. This approach encourages farmers to actively engage in the adaptation process to climate change and drought conditions while minimizing the agricultural sector's vulnerability to the impacts of climate change, which heavily relies on water consumption
Validity of LiPON Conductivity Determined by Impedance Spectroscopy
Authors: Rudy Alexander , Novozhilova Alena , Egorova Julia
Published: July 2024

A hypothesis that the generally accepted value of the LiPON conductivity should be attributed to the absorption and displacement currents is substantiated. The reason is a small contribution of the drift current due to field screening by the electric double layer. The basis for this assumption is the measurement of the LiPON absorption capacitance, according to which its dielectric constant is about 106. An alternative equivalent circuit containing a non-ideal absorption element is proposed and its impedance is calculated. It is shown that the Bode diagrams of the alternative circuit well approximate the experimental curves. Parameters and the magnitude of electric field screening are calculated basing on proposed model of a double electric layer. Considering the screening effect, the drift conductivity of LiPON is obtained, which value is in good agreement with the data on lithium concentration and mobility.
Polyacetylene Prepared by Chemical Dehydration of Poly(vinyl Alcohol)
Authors: Carotenuto Gianfranco , Nicolais Luigi
Published: July 2024

Recently, polyacetylene (PA) is receiving a renewed scientific attention due to its electrical properties potentially useful for energy applications (e.g., fabrication of electrodes for batteries and supercapacitors) and unique functional characteristics (e.g., flame retardant, oxygen scavenger, EMI-shielding, etc.). This chemical compound can be obtained in form of a polyacetylene-PVOH copolymers simply by chemical dehydration of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVOH), which is a very common type of polymer, widely used in packaging and other technological areas. This very inexpensive chemical reaction for the large-scale synthesis of PA/polyvinylenes has been investigated by reacting PVOH with fuming sulfuric acid at room temperature. In this process, PVOH, shaped in form of film, is dipped in fuming sulfuric acid (i.e., H2SO4 at 95-97%) and, after complete chemical-dehydration, it has been mechanically removed from the liquid phase by using a nylon sieve. The reduction process leads to a substantial PVOH film conversion to PA as it has been proved by infrared spectroscopy (ATR-mode). Indeed, the ATR spectrum of the reaction product included all characteristic absorption bands of PA. The reaction product has been also characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy in order to evidence the presence in the structure of conjugated carbon-carbon double bonds of various lengths. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis have been used respectively to investigate the PA solid-state cis-trans isomerization and thermal stability in air and nitrogen, respectively.
Advancements in ADS-B Security: A Comprehensive Survey of Vulnerabilities, Mitigation Strategies, System Requirements, and Emerging Research Trends
Authors: Ahmed Waqas , Anwar Bhatti Naveed , Masood Ammar , A. K. Alharbi Abeer , Alotaibi Salihah
Published: July 2024

The Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) protocol stands as a cornerstone in modern aviation surveillance and Aircraft Traffic Control systems, integral to the NextGen project initiated by the US Department of Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) in 2005. ADS-B utilizes data links to autonomously broadcast Aircraft navigational and identification information to augment air transportation system capacity and safety. However, concerns regarding the protocol's security persist, particularly as its adoption expands. The unencrypted nature of transmitted aircraft data and the absence of robust authentication mechanisms render the protocol susceptible to exploitation by malicious actors. In this study, we comprehensively reviewed existing research in the field, identifying a crucial gap necessitating a holistic survey. Prior surveys have predominantly focused on specific aspects, such as vulnerabilities, attacks, or critiques of existing solutions. Our survey addresses this gap by thoroughly exploring the aviation system, providing readers with a nuanced understanding of ADS-B security. Utilizing a detailed SWOT analysis diagram, our paper delves into the vulnerabilities inherent in the ADS-B protocol outlines potential threats and scrutinizes various attack scenarios. We systematically categorize and analyze existing security solutions, considering cost-effectiveness, scalability, implementation complexity, and coverage against diverse attack vectors. Furthermore, we critically evaluate these solutions, elucidate ADS-B security requirements, discuss current challenges, and propose future research directions. This survey serves as a comprehensive resource for researchers and practitioners alike, shedding light on the multifaceted landscape of ADS-B security and paving the way for enhanced aviation system resilience in the face of evolving cybersecurity threats.
A Field-Theory Approach for Modeling Dissipative Relativistic Fluids
Authors: Andersson Nils , Celora Thomas , Comer Gregory , Hawke Ian
Published: July 2024

We develop an action principle for producing a single fluid, two-constituent system with dissipation in general relativity. The two constituents in the model are particles and entropy. The particle flux creation rate is taken to be zero, while the entropy creation rate is non-zero. Building on previous work, it is demonstrated that a new term (the proper time derivative of the matter space ``metric'') is required in the Lagrangian in order to produce terms typically associated with bulk and shear viscosity. Equations of motion, entropy creation rate, and energy-momentum-stress tensor are derived. Using an Onsager approach of identifying thermodynamic ``forces'' and ``fluxes'' a model is produced which delivers the same entropy creation rate as the standard, relativistic Navier-Stokes equations. This result is then contrasted with a model generated in the spirit of the action principle, which takes as its starting point a specific Lagrangian and then produces the equations of motion, entropy creation rate, and energy-momentum-stress tensor. Unlike the equations derived from Onsager reasoning, where the analogs of the bulk and shear viscosity coefficients are prescribed ``externally'', we find that the form of the coefficients in the second example are a direct result of the specified Lagrangian. Furthermore, the coefficients are shown to satisfy evolution equations along the fluid worldline; also a product of the specific Lagrangian.
Resolving the Collatz Conjecture: A Rigorous Proof through Inverse Discrete Dynamical Systems and Inverse Algebraic Trees
Authors: Diedrich Eduardo
Published: July 2024

This article introduces the Theory of Inverse Discrete Dynamical Systems (TIDDS), a novel methodology for modeling and analyzing discrete dynamical systems via inverse algebraic models. Key concepts such as inverse modeling, structural analysis of inverse algebraic trees, and the establishment of topological equivalences for property transfer between a system and its inverse are elucidated. Central theorems on homeomorphic invariance and topological transport validate the transfer of cardinal attributes between dynamic representations, offering a fresh perspective on complex system analysis. A significant application presented is an alternative proof of the Collatz Conjecture, achieved by constructing an associated inverse model and leveraging analytical property transfers within the inverted tree structure. This work not only demonstrates the theory's capability to address and solve open problems in discrete dynamics but also suggests vast implications for expanding our understanding of such systems.
Groundwater Potential Zone Mapping to Understand the Sustainability of Springs in a Micro Watershed of Kosi River, Kumaun Lesser Himalaya, Uttarakhand, India
Authors: Nijesh Puthiyottil , Dixit Radha , Patel Abhinav , Singh Abhinesh Kumar , Gautam Anant , Rai Raju , Singh Sury Kant , Pant Neeraj , Soman Meera , Rai Shive Prakash
Published: July 2024

Springs play a significant role in maintaining hydrological balance in the mountain ecosystem. The communities living in the mountain tops rely entirely on spring water for their daily needs. In recent decades, spring water discharges have decreased drastically in the Himalayan regions and become seasonal. Remote sensing and geographical information system techniques have proved to be essential for understanding the sustainable development of groundwater, particularly where people rely solely on spring water in the mountainous regions of the Himalayas. This study employs the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to identify groundwater potential zones. It involves overlaying seven thematic layers concerning elements of physical features and land-use/land-cover of the region, using the weighted overlay toolbox in ArcGIS, with each layer being assigned a weight based on its importance. Based on the results, groundwater potential zones have been classified into five categories: poor, fair, good, very good, and excellent. The study found that poor groundwater potential zones cover 1.1% of the area, fair zones cover 27.8%, good zones cover 23.3%, very good zones cover 26.6%, and excellent zones cover 21.2% of the total area. The excellent to very good potential zones are associated with perennial springs that have higher discharge (4.30-30.92 l/m), lineaments, rainfall, forested land, and porous soils, favoring the potentiality of the springs. The fair and poor groundwater potential zones are associated with seasonal flowing springs, consisting of barren land, less rainfall, and low fracture density, which influence the potentiality of groundwater. The validation of the groundwater potential zones indicated an Area Under Curve (AUC) value of 0.88, which shows good agreement with observed spring water locations. The identified groundwater potential zones are valuable for prioritizing the area for the sustainable development of spring water. Particularly, it is helpful for policymakers and government bodies to be involved in developing strategies for sustainable water management at the micro-watershed level and safeguarding spring water resources using integrated watershed management in the headwater region of the Himalayas.
Future Perspectives on the Application of the Oxford Nanopore® MinION™ Sequencer in Cultural Heritage Biodeterioration Studies
Authors: Trovão João , Soares Fabiana
Published: July 2024

The present work provides an updated overview of the application of the Oxford Nanopore® MinION™ sequencer in cultural heritage biodeterioration studies, while also providing a holistic discussion of possible future perspectives for their utilization in this research field. Due to the peculiar characteristics of this device, the last few years have seen the steady rise on the application of this system in a variety of cultural heritage materials, having been useful to understand microbial biodeteriogens diversity and some of their metabolic and biodeteriogenic features. Considering the immense potential for application of this system, this manuscript discusses further possibilities of the technique aiming to help understand critical questions on the cultural heritage biodeterioration area. Its application in various differential contexts, has opened the doors for their putative usage on other interesting sub-areas of research worthy of future investigations, including: biodeteriogens genome and transcriptome analysis, metatranscriptomics, biodeteriorative metabolism studies, inter and intra kingdom interactions analysis, resistome profiling, object history and context studies, in situ applications, bioprospecting and biotechnology.