bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IDENTIDADES TRIBONACCI
Authors: Vieira Renata Passos Machado , Alves Francisco Regis Vieira
Published: April 2019

O presente escrito realiza um estudo da sequência de Tribonacci, baseado no mesmo raciocínio da recorrência da Sequência de Fibonacci. Assim, foram estudadas algumas propriedades dos números inteiros positivos, dentre elas a soma dos termos da Sequência Generalizada de Tribonacci, bem como o comportamento dos termos desses números para índices negativos.
A SUPERAÇÃO DO ERRO NO ESTUDO DE FRAÇÕES: UMA DISCUSSÃO QUANTO A CONTRIBUIÇÕES DE TIC'S E DE MATERIAIS MANIPULATIVOS
Authors: Simoni Tatiéle Carla Costella , Scheffer Nilce Fátima
Published: April 2019

Neste artigo, apresentamos resultados de pesquisa que teve por objetivo analisar o que os erros dos estudantes do 6º ano do Ensino Fundamental podem revelar quanto ao estudo de frações e as contribuições de TICs e de Materiais Manipulativos na superação desses erros. A pesquisa se desenvolveu em duas etapas: a primeira etapa consistiu na aplicação de atividades diagnósticas aos estudantes, envolvendo o conteúdo frações, e, posteriormente foi realizada uma entrevista individual, tendo por base as questões erradas, para que os estudantes pudessem relatar o processo de resolução utilizado por eles, favorecendo assim a identificação dos erros cometidos; a segunda etapa contemplou atividades com TICs e Materiais Manipulativos, elaboradas a partir dos erros evidenciados nas atividades diagnósticas. O estudo teve como perspectiva metodológica a pesquisa qualitativa numa abordagem fenomenológica. Os resultados revelaram que o ensino de frações quando explorado a partir dos erros cometidos pelos estudantes e da utilização de TICs e de Materiais Manipulativos contribui na superação de dificuldades e para o processo de ensino e de aprendizagem deste conceito.Palavras-chave: Erros na Matemática. Estudo de Frações. Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação. Materiais Manipulativos. Fenomenologia.
A compreensão das operações soma e subtração de números racionais com o uso do Frac Soma
Authors: Carpes Patricia goulart , Bisognin Eleni
Published: April 2019

Nesse trabalho são relatados resultados parciais de uma pesquisa realizada com alunos de um curso de licenciatura em Matemática, com o propósito de analisar a compreensão que esses alunos possuem sobre as diferentes representações de frações, frações equivalentes e as operações de adição e subtração. Foi organizada uma oficina em que foram propostas atividades e foram selecionados os significados parte/todo e quociente para serem explorados nas atividades elaboradas utilizando-se o material Frac Soma 235. Os dados foram obtidos por meio dos registros feitos pela formadora e pelas resoluções das atividades feitas pelos alunos. Pode-se inferir, da análise dos resultados, que os alunos não dominam o conteúdo matemático que é condição necessária para ser um professor de Matemática.
Aspectos da Transposição Didática no Ensino de Frações
Authors: Maia Carlo Wanilo , Rodrigues Chang Kuo
Published: April 2019

Neste artigo objetivamos investigar as transformações pelas quais passam os saberes relativos ao conteúdo das frações até chegarem à sala de aula, uma vez que nos remetem à formação de professores nos cursos de Licenciatura em Matemática. Buscamos também reconhecer os diversos elementos didáticos envolvidos nos processos, utilizando como fundamentação teórica a teoria da Transposição Didática. No que se refere à metodologia da pesquisa, este estudo tem sua natureza qualitativa, já que esta não tende à quantificação dos dados, assim como não há testes estatísticos para discussão dos resultados. Para a análise a priori, utilizamos alguns resultados de avaliações internacionais, como por exemplo, PISA (Programa Internacional para Avaliação de Estudantes), e, para as concepções prévias e validação da pesquisa, foram utilizados questionários com o objetivo de verificar o ensino à luz da teoria da Transposição Didática.
Desenvolvimento profissional docente para o ensino da representação fracionária de grandezas discretas
Authors: Miranda Mirtes de Souza , Garcia Silva Angelica Da Fontoura , Pietropaolo Ruy Cesar
Published: April 2019

Neste artigo analisa-se o desenvolvimento profissional de 21 professores de um grupo em uma das escolas participantes do Programa Observatório da Educação que estudava questões ligadas ao ensino das frações. A coleta de dados se deu pela gravação de vídeo e áudio e pelos protocolos das atividades discutidas no grupo. Utilizaram-se estudos de Guskey, Zeichner, Serrazina e Ball, Thames e Phelps. sobre questões relativas ao desenvolvimento profissional, à reflexão sobre a prática e ao conhecimento profissional docente. As discussões iniciais confirmaram que os professores, via de regra, não se utilizam de grandezas contínuas para ensinar frações. As discussões e as reflexões durante as sessões de estudo favoreceram a mudança de prática e o desenvolvimento profissional dos participantes do estudo.
Impact of Stimulus Polarity on oVEMP Response Using the Belly-Tendon Electrode Montage
Authors: Romero Daniel J. , Kitner Blythe H. , Wilson Matthew J. , Smith Kaylee J.
Published: April 2019

Background:One stimulus parameter not well established with respect to the ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP) is stimulus polarity. Many research studies traditionally record oVEMPs using alternating polarity primarily.Purpose:The purpose of this study
was to evaluate the effects of stimulus polarity on the oVEMP response under three different conditions (condensation, rarefaction, and alternating) with updated but established recording procedures—the belly-tendon electrode montage.Research Design:oVEMPs were assessed with changes
in stimulus polarity in the seated upright position.Study Sample:Thirty otologically normal participants (60 ears) with no history of hearing or balance disorders and normal middle ear function.Data Collection and Analysis:Five hundred‐hertz air-conducted tone bursts at
95-dB nHL were used to evoke the oVEMP response while recordings were made from the contralateral eye to acoustical stimulation using the belly-tendon electrode montage. Measurements were made using three polarities: alternating, condensation, and rarefaction. Natus Bio-logic AEP hardware
and software was used for all data collection and analysis.Results:Condensation stimulus phase provided the largest response amplitude compared with alternating and/or rarefaction. Rarefaction provided the earliest latency among stimulus polarities.Conclusions:Condensation is
a more effective stimulus polarity regarding response amplitude when recording the oVEMP. This study further supports the use of the belly-tendon electrode montage for recording the oVEMP response.
Middle Latency Responses to Optimized Chirps in Adult Cochlear Implant Users
Authors: Alemi Razieh , Lehmann Alexandre
Published: April 2019

Background:Cochlear implant (CI) outcomes can be assessed using objective measures that reflect the integrity of the auditory pathway. One such measure is the middle latency response (MLR), which can provide valuable information for clinicians.Purpose:Traditional stimuli
for evoking MLRs, that is, clicks or tone bursts, do not stimulate all parts of the cochlea simultaneously, whereas chirp stimuli compensate for the cochlear neural delay and, therefore, produce more synchronous responses from the different neural elements of the cochlea. The purpose of the
present study was to determine whether chirp stimuli can elicit reliable MLRs in CI users and whether those responses correlate with clinical outcomes and with deprivation-related factors.Research Design:We presented 2,000 free-field optimized chirp stimuli to CI and control participants
while their electroencephalography (EEG) was being recorded.Study Sample:Twenty-four adult CI users and 24 matched normal-hearing (NH) individuals (age range from 18 to 63 years) participated in this study.Data Collections and Analysis:The EEG was recorded from 64 active electrodes
placed on the scalp. EEG signals were processed using EEGLAB and ERPLAB toolboxes. We characterized the latencies and amplitudes of the different MLR components in both groups.Results:Chirp stimuli reliably evoked qualitatively similar MLRs across all NH and CI participants with a couple
of differences observed between the NH and CI group. Among the different MLR components, the Na latency was significantly shorter for the CI group. A significant amplitude difference was also found between groups for the Pa‐Nb complex, with higher amplitudes observed in the NH group.
Finally, there were no significant correlations between MLR latencies (or amplitudes) and clinical outcomes or deprivation-related measures.Conclusions:Free-field‐presented optimized chirp stimuli were shown to evoke measurable and reliable MLRs in CI users. In this experiment,
the MLR morphology in CI users was similar to those observed in NH participants. Even though we did not replicate here a significant relationship between MLR and speech perception measures, we were able to successfully collect acoustically evoked MLRs, which could constitute an important supplemental
measure to the standard behavioral tests presently being used in postoperative clinical evaluation settings.
L’interprétariat en santé mentale : divisions sociale, morale et spatiale du travail dans les soins aux migrants
Authors: Pian Anaïk , Hoyez Anne-Cécile , Tersigni Simona
Published: April 2019

L’interprétariat dans la prise en charge des migrants en santé mentale est inséré dans de nombreux enjeux politiques qui interpellent les pratiques des professionnels à l’égard d’une patientèle dont souffrances psychiques et conditions de l’exil sont souvent entremêlées. Les consultations mettent également à l’épreuve les interprètes qui doivent se situer dans une relation de soin complexe, alors même qu’ils peuvent se retrouver face à des exigences contradictoires entre les attentes des professionnels de santé mentale et les prescriptions des associations qui les emploient. À travers le prisme de l’interprétariat, l’article interroge les divisions sociale, morale et spatiale du travail dans la prise en charge des migrants en santé mentale. Il s’appuie sur deux terrains d’enquête à Rennes et à Strasbourg, deux capitales régionales marquées par une évolution des flux migratoires, et comptant des initiatives importantes en matière de promotion de l’interprétariat professionnel.
Liens transnationaux et santé mentale : de la nécessité du lien entre ici et là-bas ? Le cas des migrations africaines en Île-de-France
Authors: Pannetier Julie
Published: April 2019

Les personnes migrantes peuvent être inscrites dans des logiques de dettes matérielles, sociales ou affectives vis-à-vis de leurs proches restés au pays, ainsi la question du coût des pratiques transnationales (notamment des transferts monétaires) pour leur santé a été soulignée. Cependant, peu d’études ont porté sur l’effet protecteur du soutien (matériel, social, affectif) des proches résidant dans le pays d’origine sur leur santé mentale. L’enquête Parcours a été menée en 2012-2013 dans soixante-quatorze structures de soin en Île-de-France auprès de 2 468 personnes migrantes originaires d’Afrique. Cette enquête permet, à travers différents indicateurs, d’interroger le rôle de la parentalité transnationale et d’un soutien transnational sur la santé mentale des personnes migrantes. Cette recherche montre notamment que les femmes et les hommes qui déclarent pouvoir compter sur leurs proches, parents ou amis, à la fois dans le pays d’origine et en France présentent les niveaux d’anxiété et de dépression les plus bas. Un double réseau de soutien à la fois « ici et là-bas » aurait un effet protecteur sur la santé mentale des personnes migrantes.
Retours contraints de migrants internationaux au Sénégal : dilemmes familiaux face à la maladie mentale
Authors: Petit Véronique
Published: April 2019

Cet article expose la situation de migrants sénégalais de retour dans leur pays d’origine en raison d’une maladie mentale apparue au cours de l’expérience migratoire. Alors que le migrant international incarne une figure de la réussite, les effets de la maladie et la temporalité du traitement modifient son statut de héros. Dans le cadre d’une économie morale, la famille est progressivement confrontée au dilemme de rester loyale au migrant en prenant en charge le coût de sa santé ou de renoncer à investir sur un migrant considéré de plus en plus comme un malade sans avenir productif/performatif. Dans un contexte où la maladie mentale est source de honte et de déshonneur, certains migrants malades sont abandonnés par leur famille. Ils trouvent refuge chez des marabouts mourides spécialisés dans le traitement des maladies mentales. Conformément à la doctrine du travail mouride, les activités physiques et psychiques déploient des vertus thérapeutiques et sont salvatrices. Les souffrances de l’exil et les épreuves liées à la maladie prennent alors sens dans le travail thérapeutique engagé.
Qui est vulnérable ? Une analyse critique du discours public de l’agence européenne Frontex
Authors: Dubernet Cécile
Published: April 2019

Cet article présente les résultats d’une analyse critique des communiqués de presse et rapports de l’agence européenne Frontex sur les dix années de sa période opératoire (2006-2016). L’étude du vocabulaire dominant, des thèmes récurrents et des jeux de langage met en évidence la permanence d’une rhétorique du risque soulignant des menaces extérieures aux frontières de l’UE et des vulnérabilités propres. Malgré quelques réflexions sur les droits fondamentaux ou le sauvetage en mer, la vulnérabilité dont parle l’agence reste celle des États européens, non des migrants. Par ailleurs, l’agence se présente comme l’intelligence seule capable d’orienter et de coordonner la sécurisation des frontières. L’attention portée aux mots de l’archive sur la durée permet de nuancer les accusations d’hypocrisie humanitaire régulièrement lancées à l’encontre de Frontex. Ce travail permet également de souligner la structure d’un discours. On note en particulier une crispation sur la frontière en tant que ligne, sur la menace vue comme extérieure et sur la technologie construite comme solution. Compte tenu de la mue de Frontex en 2016, cette étude ouvre la voie à des analyses plus poussées tant sur la marginalisation de la protection juridique des migrants que sur la performativité d’un narratif institutionnel.
Le Maroc face au défi des réfugiés économiques : quelle approche pour quelle gouvernance migratoire ?
Authors: Elmorchid Brahim , Hourmat-Allah Hind
Published: April 2019

L’objectif de cet article consiste à mener une réflexion critique sur le mode de gouvernance des flux migratoires au Maroc. Une attention particulière est accordée à la place d’un nouveau type de migrants, celui que nous avons qualifié de « réfugiés économiques ». Deux principaux résultats se dégagent de cet exercice. En premier lieu, il semble urgent d’élargir le champ de définition de la Convention de Genève sur les réfugiés afin d’y inclure la persécution et la privation économique. Ceci est d’autant plus compréhensible que beaucoup de pays émetteurs de migrants connaissent aujourd’hui des crises économiques de plus en plus fréquentes et de plus en plus douloureuses. En deuxième lieu, l’arsenal juridique et institutionnel mis en place par le Maroc pour encadrer le droit des « réfugiés économiques » et des immigrés en général est assez riche. Toutefois, des dysfonctionnements graves et répétés persistent. Les politiques publiques migratoires dans leur ensemble se caractérisent par l’absence de visibilité et de cohérence susceptible d’inspirer des actions claires et concrètes. Elles demeurent sélectives, ponctuelles et politiquement opportunistes.
Immigration et morphologie des parcours scolaires dans l’enseignement supérieur au Canada : le cas de la province de Québec
Authors: Kamanzi Pierre-Canisius , Magnan Marie-Odile , Pilote Annie , Doray Pierre
Published: April 2019

Cet article vise à décrire et comprendre la morphologie des parcours des jeunes Québécois issus des familles immigrantes dans l’enseignement supérieur, ainsi que les facteurs qui contribuent à la structuration de ces parcours. Les résultats obtenus à partir des données du ministère de l’Éducation (N =20 387) révèlent que ces jeunes poursuivent les études supérieures par la voie des parcours linéaires dans une proportion plus élevée que leurs pairs dont les parents sont nés au Canada. Toutefois, les différences sont nettement plus élevées à l’université qu’au collège d’enseignement général et professionnel (CEGEP). De plus, il existe des différences significatives parmi les jeunes d’origine immigrante selon l’origine géographique des parents. En revanche, il n’y a presque pas de différence à propos des parcours non linéaires. L’article suggère quelques pistes d’interprétation.
Circulation de pratiques culturelles et frontières ethniques : le son jarocho entre Veracruz, Los Angeles et Toulouse
Authors: Rinaudo Christian
Published: April 2019

Les récents travaux inscrits dans le champ des mobility research ont mis l’accent sur les liens entre circulation des pratiques culturelles et mobilité des pratiquants. À partir d’une analyse du son jarocho, musique de tradition orale originaire de Veracruz au Mexique et implantée aux États-Unis et en Europe, cet article examine les effets de la circulation de cette pratique et de ses pratiquants sur les processus de définition de celle-ci et sur l’activité de marquage des frontières par laquelle la différence est socialement produite et organisée. L’étude de deux scènes locales, Los Angeles et Toulouse, permet d’interroger les activités de définition de la pratique dans des contextes donnés et montre comment ces définitions comptent ou non dans la manière de s’identifier comme des groupes sociaux, ethnicisés, racialisés, ethno-régionalisés.
A case for organic indigenous Christianity: African Ethiopia as derivate from Jewish Christianity
Authors: Rukuni Rugare , Oliver Erna
Published: April 2019

From its inception to the 4th century CE, Christianity experienced a formative process composite of three catalytic phases characterised by distinctive events (i.e. Jewish-Christian Schism, Hellenism and imperial intervention). From the aforementioned era emerged an orthodoxy fostered by an imperial-ecclesiastical link. There appears to have been a parallel story with regard to certain elements of African Christianity, in particular, Ethiopian Christianity. What can be made of the gap regarding Jewish Christianity combined with the absence of African Christianity from Bauer’s modular theory on heresy and orthodoxy in the development of early Christianity? Despite the dominant story of the development of an imperial religious establishment at the turn of the 4th century, could there be an alternative narrative to Christianity in the African region derivate from Ethiopia? Reviewing the emergence of a religious political Christianity in this era as modular against Ethiopian Christianity in tangent with its links with Christianity in Roman Africa, establishment of the nature and development of Ethiopian Christianity was performed. This was performed through documentary analysis. Bauer’s (1971) theory of orthodoxy and heresy in early Christianity did not exhaustively account for Jewish Christianity and North African distinct intransigent tradition characteristic of Carthage. By extension to African Egyptian, Alexandria is Ethiopian Christianity that was characterised by Judaic tradition in contrast to anti-Judaism. This established a parallel history of Christianity in Africa inclusive of Ethiopia. A review of this perspective contains contemporary momentum in view of the focus on Ethiopian Jews, for example, as religious praxis was as important as ethnicity in determining the Jewishness of whole tribes.
Vachellia erioloba dynamics over 38 years in the Kalahari Gemsbok National Park, South Africa
Authors: Van der Merwe Helga , Van Rooyen Noel , Bezuidenhout Hugo , Bothma Jacobus Du P. , Van Rooyen Margaretha W.
Published: April 2019

Vachellia erioloba is a keystone tree species in the southern Kalahari. This long-term study over nearly four decades tracks two populations in different landscapes (the interior sandy duneveld versus the clayey Nossob riverbed) of a large conservation area and offers valuable data on this species under natural soil moisture conditions and with limited anthropogenic influences. In 1978, 18 trees were permanently marked in a 1 ha plot in the interior duneveld of the Kalahari Gemsbok National Park (Dankbaar site). In the Nossob riverbed all trees in a 1 ha plot were surveyed in 1979 (Grootkolk site). At both sites, tree height and stem circumference were subsequently measured at irregular intervals until 2016 in order to investigate growth rates and population structure. Of the 18 marked trees at Dankbaar, six died and three showed coppice regrowth following substantial dieback after a fire. A mean height increase of 60 mm/year was recorded and the mean height of the remaining uncoppiced trees was 6.8 m in 2016. Stem diameter growth rate per year varied widely between trees and between years with a mean value of 2.5 mm/year over the 38-year period. Growth rate calculated for three 10-year intervals varied. Using the mean growth rate derived in the current study and stem size of the dead trees, the mean age of the trees when they died was estimated. At the Grootkolk site, the position of the centroid in relation to the midpoint of the diameter class range suggests that this population is gradually becoming a mature to old population with limited recruitment. This was supported by the size class distribution curves. However, no differences between slopes or intercepts of the stem diameter size class distributions were found.Conservation implications: This study was conducted in a large conservation area, that is, a natural ecosystem excluding most of the anthropogenic threats that are present outside of the park. The study illustrated that in the duneveld the population studied was self-sustaining, with recruitment occurring and large individuals presumably dying of old age. Although fire caused a few individuals to coppice, no fire-related deaths were reported. In the Nossob riverbed, surveys started in a stand of predominantly young trees and the size class distribution at that stage already showed a lack of recruitment. This stand is ageing and will likely disappear at this site; however, new young stands are appearing at other sites in the Nossob riverbed. Under the current conditions with negligible anthropogenic influences, it therefore appears that some V. erioloba populations in the park are increasing in size while others are decreasing, but that overall the species will persist. The impact of global climate change on this species is, however, unknown.
Условия $L_{p,\lambda}$-ограниченности потенциала Рисса, порожденного
дифференциальным оператором Гегенбауэра
Authors: Guliev Vagif Sabir ogly , Ibragimov Elman Dzhavanshir ogly
Published: April 2019

В этой статье полученные результаты уточняют и дополняют теорему типа
Харди-Литтлвуда-Соболева об ограниченности потенциала Рисса,
порожденного дифференциальным оператором Гегенбауэра в пространствах
$L_{p,\lambda}$, доказанную в ранней работе второго автора.
Библиография: 9 названий.
Операторы преобразования для возмущенного гармонического осциллятора
Authors: Masmaliev Gadzhi Masmali ogly , Khanmamedov Agil Khanmamed ogly
Published: April 2019

Рассматривается уравнение, порожденное возмущенным гармоническим
осциллятором. С помощью операторов преобразования найдены
представления решений этого уравнения с условиями на бесконечности.
Получены оценки для ядер операторов преобразования.
Библиография: 17 названий.
Квазиторические полностью нормально расщепимые представители
в кольце комплексных кобордизмов
Authors: Solomadin Grigory Dmitrievich
Published: April 2019

Гладкое стабильно комплексное многообразие называется
полностью касательно/нормально расщепимым
(англ. totally tangentially/normally split manifold),
если его стабильно касательное/нормальное расслоение,
соответственно, изоморфно сумме комплексных линейных расслоений.
В статье доказано, что каждый класс градуировки выше 2
кольца комплексных кобордизмов содержит
квазиторическое полностью касательно и
нормально расщепимое многообразие.
Библиография: 18 названий.
О подобии некоторых целочисленных матриц
с единственным собственным значением над кольцом целых чисел
Authors: Sidorov Sergey Vladimirovich
Published: April 2019

Рассматривается задача о подобии целочисленных матриц
с единственным собственным значением над кольцом целых чисел.
Получен критерий подобия матрицы жордановой клетке.
Кроме того, получен критерий подобия матриц,
у которых минимальный многочлен имеет степень 2.
Библиография: 22 названия.
Неравенства типа Джексона
в пространствах $S^{(p,q)}(\sigma^{m-1})$
Authors: Lasuriya Robert Andreevich
Published: April 2019

Устанавливаются неравенства типа Джексона в случае
приближения функций линейными методами суммирования
их рядов Фурье-Лапласа в пространствах $S^{(p,q)}(\sigma^{m-1})$,
$m\geqslant 3$, для классов функций, определяемых преобразованиями
их рядов Фурье-Лапласа с помощью мультипликаторов,
в терминах операторов, которые, также определяются
соответствующими преобразованиями рядов Фурье-Лапласа.
Библиография: 33 названия.
Определимые элементы определимых борелевских множеств
Authors: Kanovei Vladimir Grigorevich , Lyubetskii Vasilii Aleksandrovich
Published: April 2019

Доказано, что в генерических расширениях по Саксу, Коэну,
Соловею любое ординально определимое борелевское множество
вещественных чисел обязательно содержит ординально определимый
элемент. Ранее результат был известен только для счетных множеств.
Библиография: 19 названий.
Точное неравенство Джексона в $L_p(\mathbb R^d)$
с весом Данкля
Authors: Gorbachev Dmitry Viktorovich , Ivanov Valerii Ivanovich
Published: April 2019

В работе доказывается точное неравенство Джексона
в пространстве $L_p(\mathbb R^d)$, $1\le p<2$,
с весом Данкля. Наилучшее приближение осуществляется
целыми функциями экспоненциального сферического типа.
Модуль непрерывности определяется с помощью положительного
оператора обобщенного сдвига, ограниченного в $L_p$
и построенного авторами ранее. В случае единичного веса он
совпадает с оператором среднего значения по сфере.
Библиография: 24 названия.
Трансляционная инвариантность периодических мер Гиббса для модели Поттса на дереве Кэли
Authors: Khakimov Rustamjon Maxmudovich , Makhammadaliev Mukhtorzhon Tursunmukhammad ugli
Published: April 2019

Изучена модель Поттса с нулевым внешним полем на дереве Кэли. Для антиферромагнитной модели Поттса с $q$ состояниями на дереве Кэли порядка два и для ферромагнитной модели Поттса с $q$ состояниями на дереве Кэли порядка $k$ показано, что при любых значениях параметра все периодические меры Гиббса являются трансляционно-инвариантными.
Квантовая задача о локализованном поляроне и обоснование приближения Су-Шриффера-Хигера
Authors: Likhachev Vladimir Nikolaevich , Vinogradov George A
Published: April 2019

Рассматривается полярон, локализованный на ловушке в одномерной решетке с гармоническим потенциалом взаимодействия соседних частиц. Колебания решетки рассматриваются в рамках квантовой механики. Энергия полярона рассматривается как функционал от волновой функции. Электрон-фононное взаимодействие учитывается в рамках линейного приближения Су-Шриффера-Хигера. Показано, что результаты не отличаются от адиабатического рассмотрения, когда колебания решетки описываются классическим образом. Для основного состояния полярона получены приближенные аналитические выражения, хорошо согласующиеся с численным моделированием.
Факторизация преобразований Дарбу-Лапласа для дискретных гиперболических операторов
Authors: Smirnov Sergei Valer'evich
Published: April 2019

Классифицированы элементарные преобразования Дарбу-Лапласа для полудискретных и дискретных гиперболических операторов второго порядка. Доказано, что в (полу)дискретном случае, как и в непрерывном, есть два типа элементарных преобразований Дарбу-Лапласа: преобразования Дарбу, строящиеся по некоторому конкретному элементу из ядра исходного гиперболического оператора, и классические преобразования Лапласа, которые задаются самим оператором и не зависят от выбора элемента из ядра. Показано, что в дискретном случае на уровне классов эквивалентности любое преобразование Дарбу-Лапласа является композицией элементарных преобразований.
Представления решений строгой иерархии Кадомцева-Петвиашвили в терминах определителей Фредгольма
Authors: Helminck Gerard F , Panasenko Elena Aleksandrovna
Published: April 2019

Представлены явные выражения для волновых функций, а также их дуальных функций в терминах двух определителей Фредгольма, которые соответствуют геометрической конструкции Сигала-Вильсона.
О суперинтегрируемых системax c алгебраическими и рациональными интегралами движения
Authors: Tsiganov Andrey Vladimirovich
Published: April 2019

Рассматриваются суперинтегрируемые деформации задачи Кеплера и гармонического осциллятора на плоскости, а также суперинтегрируемые метрики на двумерной сфере, для которых дополнительный интеграл движения является алгебраической или рациональной функцией от импульсов. Согласно Эйлеру наиболее простой вид эти интегралы движения принимают в терминах аффинных координат дивизоров эллиптической кривой.
Некиральная бозонизация сильно неоднородных латтинжеровских жидкостей
Authors: Das Joy , Chowdhury Chandramouli , Setlur Girish S
Published: April 2019

Некиральная бозонизация представляет собой нетривиальную модификацию стандартного соответствия Ферми-Бозе в одном пространственном измерении. С ее помощью исследование сильно неоднородных латтинжеровских жидкостей становится более простым, при этом точно воспроизводятся свойства системы свободных фермионов с источником неоднородностей. Предлагается формализм некиральной бозонизации, и обсуждаются проверки его предельных случаев, правил коммутации фермионов, ограничений расщепления точек и т. д. Функции Грина, полученные с использованием некиральной бозонизации, разлагаются по степеням силы межфермионного взаимодействия (рассматривается только ближнее рассеяние вперед) и сравниваются с соответствующими членами, полученными с использованием стандартной теории фермионных возмущений. Функции Грина, полученные методом некиральной бозонизации, подставляются в уравнение Швингера-Дайсона, являющееся уравнением движения функций Грина и служащее подтверждением метода без использования теории возмущений. Кратко обсуждаются некоторые другие подходы, такие как функциональная бозонизация и численные методы типа перенормировки матрицы плотности, которые можно использовать для получения корреляционных функций в одномерном случае.
Medical and surgical interventions for the treatment of urinary stones in children: A Cochrane Review
Authors: Barreto Lenka , Jung Jae Hung , Abdelrahim Ameera , Ahmed Munir , Dawkins Guy P.C. , Kazmierski Marcin
Published: April 2019

Introduction: We performed systematic review to assess the effects of different medical and surgical management of urinary stones in children.

Methods: We performed a comprehensive search using multiple databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials), trials registries (World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform Search Portal and ClinicalTrials.gov), and abstract proceedings of major urological and paediatric urology meetings, with no restrictions on the language of publication or publication status, up until December 2017. We included all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs. Two review authors independently assessed the eligibility of studies for inclusion, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias in accordance with the Cochrane ‘Risk of bias’ tool. We performed statistical analyses using a random-effects model and assessed the quality of the evidence according to GRADE.

Results: We included 14 studies with a total of 978 randomized participants in our review, informing seven comparisons with shock wave lithotripsy, percutaneous nephrolithotripsy, ureterorenoscopy (regardless of the type of lithotripsy), open stone surgery, and medical expulsive therapy. There was very low quality of evidence in the most comparisons with regards to the effectiveness and adverse events for the treatment of paediatric upper renal tract stone disease.

Conclusions: Based on mostly very low-quality evidence for most comparisons and outcomes, we are uncertain about the effect of nearly all medical and surgical interventions to treat stone disease in children. There is a critical need for better quality trials assessing patient-important outcomes in children with stone disease to inform future guidelines on the management of this condition.
Better defining the optimal management of penile urethral strictures: A retrospective comparison of single-stage vs. two-stage urethroplasty
Authors: Hoy Nathan Y. , Chapman David W. , Rourke Keith F.
Published: April 2019

Introduction: We aimed to compare single-stage and two-stage urethroplasty techniques for the treatment of penile urethral strictures.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of all penile urethroplasties performed at a single centre between 2003 and 2017. The primary outcome was urethral patency, defined as the ability to easily pass a 16 Fr flexible cystoscope at six and 18 months of followup, and development of 90-day complications.

Results: Overall, 101 single-stage procedures (48 buccal mucosal graft [BMG] and 53 penile fasciocutaneous flap [PFF])and 53 two-stage procedures were performed. There was no difference in median stricture length between groups (p=0.25). Cox regression analysis did not identify stricture etiology, length, age, obesity, prior reconstruction, or urethroplasty technique to be associated with failure. Log-rank testing did not demonstrate a difference in success rates between surgical techniques (91% [48/53] PFF vs. 83% [40/48] BMG vs. 87% two-stage [46/53]). Thirty-nine percent (60/154) of patients experienced a complication (51% [27/53] PFF vs. 29% [14/48] BMG vs. 36% [19/53] two-stage). Multivariate analysis found urethroplasty technique to be the only factor associated with development of complication (p=0.02); odds ratio relative to BMG was 3.1 (p=0.009) for PFF and 1.4 (p=0.43) for two-stage.

Conclusions: There appears to be little difference in success between penile urethroplasty techniques. The shift in technique to a single-stage BMG, when appropriate, appears to be founded on the basis of fewer operations for the patient, relative to a two-stage repair, and a lower complication profile, relative to single-stage PFF, without compromising success rates.
The AFMC electives diversification policy: Potential drawbacks and benefits for medical students applying to urology
Authors: Nguyen David-Dan , Lee Jason Y. , Couture Félix , Richard Patrick O. , Fahmy Nader , Perrotte Paul , Domes Trustin , Bhojani Naeem
Published: April 2019

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Genetic diversity, functional properties and expression analysis of NnSBE genes involved in starch synthesis of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.)
Authors: Zhu Fenglin , Sun Han , Diao Ying , Zheng Xingwen , Xie Keqiang , Hu Zhongli
Published: April 2019

Background. Starch branching enzyme (SBE) is one of the key enzymes in starch biosynthetic metabolism and determines the structure of amylopectin.

Methods. Full length of SBE genes were cloned by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) technology, and used neighbor-joining (NJ) tree for phylogenetic analysis. The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were determined to assess the genetic polymorphisms and variation indexes between individuals and clusters. Quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to analyse spatial and temporal expression of SBE genes. Effect of NnSBE genes on fine structure of amylopectin was explore by affinity and enzyme activity analysis of two isoforms in amylopectin and amylose.

Results. In this study, two SBE family genes, NnSBEI and NnSBEIII were identified from lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.). Phylogenetic analysis divided the NnSBEI into SBE family B and NnSBEIII was belong to SBE family A. The homozygous haplotype (AA GG GG AA GG) of NnSBEIII was observed in seed lotus. During the seed embryo development stage, NnSBEIII reached the peak in middle of development stage and while NnSBEI increased in mid-late developmental stage. The different affinity activity of two isozymes bind amylopectin and amylose assay indicated NnSBEI has higher activity and wider affinity.

Discussion. This study showed that NnSBE genes received artificial selection during the process of cultivation and domestication in seed lotus especially. Furthermore, the expression pattern and affinity activity analysis indicated that NnSBE genes was related to chain length of amylopectin.
Comparative Studies on the Effect of Boiling and Fermentation on Calabash Gourd Melon (Lagenaria siceraria) Seeds
Authors: Ileola A. O. , Omodara T. R. , Filua O. D.
Published: April 2019

The research was carried out to collect some useful information on Lagenaria siceraria (Calabash gourd melon) seeds. The dried melon seeds were sorted, cleaned, soaked in water for easy removal and dehulled by abrasion to get the cotyledons, which were divided into three parts. The first part was used directly for analysis, the second part was boiled while the third part was fermented and analysed. Boiled melon had the highest fat and protein content while the raw melon had the highest carbohydrate content, however there was no significant increase in the ash content of the samples. There was a significant reduction in the antinutritional factors of boiled and fermented melon samples compared to the raw melon. Processing led to significant increase in the antioxidant activities and vitamin contents. The study observed that processing led to significant increase in the nutritional composition of the melon seeds and significant reduction in the antinutritional factors.
Prevalence of Undernutrition and Effect of NEP on the Dietary Pattern of College Going Girls (15- 20 Years) in Mumbai
Authors: Bhuruk Hetal Hemant , Sengupta Rupali
Published: April 2019

Aim: To assess the prevalence of undernutrition and to study the effect of Nutrition Education Program (NEP) on dietary pattern of adolescent girls (15 to 20 years) in Mumbai.

Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, S.N.D.T. Women’s University, Matunga, Mumbai (India), between December 2018 to February 2019.

Methodology: For this study, Pre-test and Post-test experimental research design was used. 200 adolescent girls were selected to assess their dietary patterns and nutritional status through purposive random sampling method. Nutritional parameters such as height for age, weight for height and weight for age were calculated along with 3 days 24-hour diet recall among adolescent girls.

Results: Prevalence of undernutrition was observed among adolescent girls. The overall mean consumption of energy, protein and carbohydrate was less as per the ICMR 2010 guidelines for adolescent girls. The mean consumption of day 1 energy was increased from 1515 ± 127 to 1623 ± 127. Similarly increase in the mean consumption of day 1 protein (from 38.20 ± 6.46 to 43.90 ± 6.45) and carbohydrate (from 353.90 ± 39.88 to 387.30 ± 37.75) was also documented. However, the fat consumption also seemed to be increased (from 45.70 ± 4.52 to 48.40 ± 4.54 on day 1) which might be due the consumption of outside High Fat High Salt (HFHS) food.
Pathogenicity of a Strain of Streptococcus suis Type 2 to Mice and Swine Isolated from Jingzhou City
Authors: Liu Mengjie , Li Zongming , Yang Xiaolin , Liu Guoping
Published: April 2019

Aims: The objective of this study is to identify S. suis type 2 and evaluate the virulence of ZHJ01 strain isolation, and verity the clinical and pathological outcome of a systemic infection caused by one serotype 2 when simultaneously inoculated with ZHJ01 strain. We also want to clarify the epidemiologic, clinical, microbiologic characteristics and the pathogenesis mechanism of S. suis type 2 in Hubei province, China.

Study Design: Pigs suspected of being infected with S. suis in Jingzhou regions of Hubei province, China were studied. S. suis type 2 isolation was obtained from the suspicion of diseased pig. The case of S. suis type 2 was detected by the virulence factor amplification based on PCR detection and bacterial isolation, identification in the laboratory. According to the experimental infections of mice and piglets, pathogenicity of this S. suis type 2 isolation to mice and swine was monitored. This study was conducted in the key laboratory of pathogenic microbiology, College of Animal Science of Yangtze University, and Institute of Black Pigs Research, Yangtze University.

Methodology: Proper serological typing can be performed using a co-agglutination test. The typical colonies purificated and cultured were inoculated with Glucose, Lactose, Raffinos, Sorbitol, D (+)-sucrose, Trehalose, 6.5%NaCl, D (-)-Salicin, Hippurate, Esculin hydrate, V-p, etc., then the test results were recorded. Detection of virulence factors were performed using PCR amplification and DNA sequencing. S.suis type 2 isolation was inoculated to mice and piglets for the virulence test, and the observation of the clinical signs and pathological changes.

Results: The virulence factor of extracellular protein factor (EF) was determined from ZHJ01 strain based on PCR detection. Sequence analysis indicated that the isolate was very similar to nucleotide homology with others SS2 strains from different county or contries, and there was not much variation. LD50 of S. suis type 2 for mice was 2.5 x 107cfu. LD50 of S. suis type 2 for piglets was 3.92 x 109cfu.

Conclusion: The results show that Swine S. suis type 2 has a relatively strong pathogenicity to pigs in Hubei province, China. This study can be, in part, sufficient to explain the pathogenicity for ZHJ01 strain in area of Zhijing, Jingzhou city, China, which may provide insights into the pathogenesis SS2 and more valid data to support the development of S. suis vaccine as well as the epidemiological investigation, further monitoring and effective prevention to S. suis.
Ingestion of Microplastics by Ichthyofauna in the Southern Coastline of Cameroon
Authors: Mboglen D. , Oben L. M. , Ondo S. Ntyam
Published: April 2019

The study was designed to provide evidence of microplastic ingestion, abundance and composition in the catches of Pseudotolithus senegalensis, Pseudotolithus typus and Ethmalosa fimbriata in the dockyard of Londji and Mboa-manga on the Southern Coastline of Cameroon. The methodology involved visual observation and identification of anthropogenic particles in the stomach content (SC) and an extraction procedure involving hypochlorite digestion and isolation. In this study 45(18.37%) of a total 372 of the E. fimbriata and Pseudotolithus sp had ingested microplastics. We also found a majority abundance of 12 microplastic particle in four size classes [18-21] cm for E. fimbriata, and 20 and 23 microplastic particles in six size classes [40-45] cm and [35-39] cm for P. senegalensis and P. typus respectively. The average percentage composition of the microplastics included rope filaments (23%), fishing lines (47%), strings (13 %), pieces of plastic cloth (9%) and others (8%) with a colour diversity of white, red, yellow, grey and light blue. The results provided an improved evidence base to support policy and management decisions on measures to develop adaptation and mitigation strategies for plastic debris in the Southern coastline of Cameroon.
A Comparative Study on Measurement of Maxillary Occlusal Cant Obtained through Facebow Transfer and Using Lateral CEPH.: An in vivo Study
Authors: Saini Rohit , Gupta Rajeev , Nagpal Archana , Katna Vishal , Thakur Kusha , Kashyap Payal
Published: April 2019

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to compare measurements of maxillary occlusal cant obtained through facebow transfer and through lateral cephalogram.

Method: 40 subjects were included in this study according to inclusion and exclusion criteria and divided into two groups: dentulous and edentulous. For edentulous subjects, all the steps of complete denture fabrication were carried out and finished dentures were delivered. Alginate impressions were now made for all the subjects (with complete denture worn in edentulous cases) for both upper and lower arches. The study was conducted in two parts. Facebow transfer was done next and casts were mounted. In first part of the study, sagittal inclination was measured after facebow transfer. After mounting of the casts, four points were marked to measure the inclination of the occlusal plane. In second part, cephalometric evaluation of occlusal plane and Frankfurt horizontal plane was carried out. Angle between Frankfurt horizontal plane and the occlusal plane was maxillary occlusal cant. which was evaluated by tracing. Paired t test was used to compare mean facebow values and lateral ceph values in edentulous subjects. Intergroup comparison between lateral ceph and mean facebow values between dentulous and edentulous subjects was evaluated using independent t test.

Results: Facebow  measurements  gave comparatively higher values in both dentulous and edentulous patients and are subjected to less variation as compared to the lateral cephalogram values p<0.0001.

Conclusion: The occlusal plane angle of lateral cephalogram was found to be significantly different from angle obtained through facebow transfer.
Influence of Hypsometry in the Occupation of Semiarid Areas
Authors: Cunha Jéssica S. A. , Feliciano Ana Lícia P. , Silva Emanuel A. , Marangon Luiz Carlos
Published: April 2019

This research aims with the help of geotechnologies to map the different uses and coverage of the earth by analyzing its effects in relation to the altitudinal gradient in semiarid regions. In order to do so, RapidEye images were acquired in the year 2014, after the organization of the database the digital processing of the acquired scenes was carried out which were performed contrast technique, segmentation, identified eight classes of use and land cover and submitted to Maximum Likelihood classification. The relationship between forest cover and different uses indicates that the most representative class was Agriculture and Livestock, as a consequence of the local economy being based on subsistence culture and the Lowland environment is the most affected. In addition, it is verified that there is a lower degree of anthropization in the tops evidencing that in the Plateau environment persists a greater density of native vegetation. This research confirms the hypothesis that the process of fragmentation of the native vegetation of the semi-arid region changes in relation to the altitudinal gradient, since the higher the altitude, the lower the degree of isolation and, consequently, the high forest coverage.
Monitoring System Design Based on Kingview Sewage Treatment
Authors: Dang Jinjin , Yuan Kejia , Shi Jinjian , Huang Hexiu , Wang Lijun
Published: April 2019

Aims: The aims of this paper are to design a monitoring system for wastewater disposal.

Study Design: The study design is to design a monitoring system and perform simulation analysis based on Kingview software.

Place and Duration of Study: The place and duration of study are North China University of Water Resources and Electric power and one month respectively.

Methodology: The methodology used is computer simulation technology.

Results: The result of the experiment is to monitor the sewage disposal process through the developed monitoring system.

Conclusion: The conclusion is that the monitoring system can achieve dynamic control of the sewage disposal process.