bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Políticas educacionais para a formação do jovem brasileiro: a reforma do ensino médio e as implicações da lei nº 13.415/2017
Authors: Vicente Vinicius Renan Rigolin de , Moreira Jani Alves da Silva
Published: April 2021

O objetivo do texto é analisar as políticas provenientes da Reforma do Ensino Médio, aprovada por meio da Lei n° 13.415/2017 suas implicações na formação do jovem brasileiro. Questiona-se: Quais as principais alterações curriculares da Reforma do Ensino Médio e a BNCC? Quais as implicações das mudanças curriculares do Ensino Médio na formação educacional do jovem brasileiro? A pesquisa qualitativa priorizou uma investigação teórica e documental com foco na compreensão dos dispositivos legais que amparam a nova configuração do ensino médio, que regulamentam legalmente a estrutura e organização dessa etapa de ensino. Os resultados evidenciam que a política para o ensino médio esteve direcionada para a formação de sujeitos com condições mínimas para atuarem no mercado de trabalho. A reforma do ensino médio também tem direcionamentos alicerçados nas recomendações do Banco Mundial por meio de princípios da economia neoliberal como forma de mercantilizar a última etapa da educação básica e formar trabalhadores com subjetividades mínimas para serem prestadores de serviços flexíveis à disposição no mercado de trabalho. Constatou-se que o novo currículo do ensino médio, organizado em uma parte por itinerários formativos, tende a ampliar a desigualdade de acesso ao ensino superior entre os jovens estudantes de classes sociais diferentes.
O stricto sensu em áreas específicas e as práticas docentes de professores bacharéis no ensino superior
Authors: Donato Reche Bruna , Vasconcellos Maura Maria Morita
Published: April 2021

Este artigo é um recorte de uma dissertação de Mestrado em Educação sobre formação de professores para o Ensino Superior, a partir do problema de pesquisa: Qual a perspectiva dos alunos oriundos do bacharelado sobre a formação para a docência no Ensino Superior desenvolvida no Mestrado em Educação de uma universidade pública?, visando analisar a perspectiva dos alunos bacharéis de Mestrado em Educação sobre formação para a docência no Ensino Superior. Neste artigo, o objetivo trata em refletir sobre práticas docentes de professores bacharéis do Ensino Superior, relativas às suas formações no stricto sensu. Foram levantadas informações, por meio de questionários, de 24 docentes bacharéis, 14 com formação no stricto sensu em áreas específicas e 10 em mestrado acadêmico em Educação, referentes à formação profissional, conhecimentos e experiências consideradas importantes à docência, contribuições dos cursos stricto sensu e as dificuldades enfrentadas na docência. A metodologia de pesquisa privilegiou abordagem de cunho predominantemente qualitativo, de caráter exploratório-descritivo (MINAYO, 1994). Dentre os resultados, verificou-se que os apontamentos dos participantes são muito semelhantes quando se referem aos desafios da docência. Entretanto, as contribuições dos cursos stricto sensu frequentados exerceram diferentes influências nos conhecimentos e experiências que esses bacharéis têm como fundamentais ao magistério.
A monitoria de ensino na educação superior e seu aspecto colaborativo na formação e no processo ensino-aprendizagem
Authors: Santos Fabiana Celeste Boaventura dos , Ferreira Lúcia Gracia
Published: April 2021

O programa de monitoria é considerado uma prática de aproximação com o ensino que subsidia o aluno na produção de conhecimentos. Assim, o objetivo geral deste estudo foi analisar, a partir da experiência vivenciada na monitoria de ensino na educação superior, os aspectos colaborativos referentes à formação e ao processo ensino-aprendizagem. Os objetivos específicos foram: 1) Identificar os aspectos colaborativos referentes à formação e ao processo ensino-aprendizagem vivenciados na monitoria de ensino; 2) Narrar as experiências vivenciadas na monitoria de ensino, enfatizando os aspectos colaborativos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, exploratória, de cunho formativo, realizada com base em memoriais produzidos sobre as experiências vivenciadas durante três semestres no Programa de Monitoria de Ensino de uma Universidade Federal. Verificamos que o programa de monitoria contribui para a formação de futuros professores, promove a iniciação do aluno para a docência, proporciona a ele aprendizagens, tanto para quem ensina quanto para quem aprende. Portanto, fazer parte da monitoria significa tomar posse de um arsenal de possibilidades de experiências.
Análisis bibliométrico sobre turismo de golf y sostenibilidad
Authors: López-Bonilla Jesús Manuel , López-Bonilla Luis Miguel , Reyes-Rodríguez María del Carmen
Published: April 2021

Objetivo do estudo: O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar estudos sobre turismo de golfe a partir de uma perspectiva da sustentabilidade.Metodologia/ abordagem: Uma análise bibliométrica foi realizada na base de dados Scopus e Web of Science. Foram selecionados 46 artigos que foram publicados em revistas científicas nos últimos 22 anos.Originalidade / Relevância: O turismo de golfe faz parte do turismo esportivo e representa um grande boom mundial nas últimas décadas. No entanto, a pesquisa acadêmica sobre o turismo de golfe mostrou um interesse crescente em um tempo relativamente curto.Principais resultados: Os resultados da análise indicaram uma alta concentração de estudos e pesquisadores de países mediterrâneos e, especificamente, localizados no sul da Península Ibérica, destacando as regiões do Algarve (Portugal) e, especialmente, da Andaluzia (Espanha).Contribuições teóricas / metodológicas: O trabalho é o primeiro estudo bibliométrico sobre esse assunto. O turismo de golfe tem grande importância econômica para a indústria do turismo. No entanto, também é necessário considerar a influência do planejamento e desenvolvimento territorial, tanto ambiental quanto socialmente.
Estado da arte sobre turismo e cinema no Brasil: uma revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: Korossy Nathália , Dos Santos Paes Rute Gabriela , Dias e Cordeiro Itamar José
Published: April 2021

Objetivo do estudo: Compreender o estado da arte sobre a relação entre turismo e cinema no Brasil. Também buscou mapear dados sobre a situação atual do desenvolvimento do turismo cinematográfico no Brasil, a partir da análise da literatura nacional.Metodologia/abordagem: A pesquisa tem natureza exploratório-descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa na análise da produção científica nacional sobre turismo e cinema. Como método de pesquisa, selecionou-se a revisão integrativa de literatura. O levantamento da amostra da pesquisa, composta por artigos científicos que relacionam turismo e cinema e/ou audiovisual, utilizou como base de dados principal o Portal de Periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes), tendo-se selecionado o total de 15 artigos científicos, publicados entre 2011 e 2019 em periódicos nacionais indexados nesta base.Originalidade/Relevância: A relação entre turismo e cinema é crescente no mundo, porém pouco referenciada na literatura nacional. Especificamente sobre turismo cinematográfico, devido à ausência de estudos mais amplos, se desconhece a situação atual desta atividade no Brasil.Principais resultados: Os estudos brasileiros se concentram em três principais temáticas: cinema como vetor de imagem e promoção de destinos turísticos; análise de imagem e representações de localidades em produções audiovisuais; e turismo cinematográfico em cidades brasileiras. Os achados da pesquisa apontam que o turismo cinematográfico é ainda incipiente no país, sendo a cidade de Cabaceiras (Paraíba) o destino de maior referência neste segmento segundo os autores analisados.Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: (i) apresenta um panorama geral dos estudos sobre turismo e cinema publicados em periódicos nacionais; (ii) traça um quadro da situação atual do turismo cinematográfico no Brasil a partir da literatura analisada; (iii) aponta lacunas teórico-empíricas para futuros estudos sobre a temática do turismo e cinema.
“Because i choose to”: reasons for women to choose boutique fitness centers
Authors: Yıldız Kadir , Yumuk Elvan Deniz , Ekim Nazlıcan , García-Fernández Jerónimo
Published: April 2021

Objetivos: O objetivo deste estudo é investigar a perspectiva das mulheres sobre academia boutique e explicar suas opiniões através da dimensão da qualidade do serviço e das demandas dessas clientes.Metodologia/Abordagem: O estudo foi na técnica de pesquisa qualitativa e foi utilizado o padrão fenomenológico. A amostra do estudo consistiu em nove clientes do sexo feminino de uma boutique privada de academias de ginástica selecionadas. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista face a face e o método de análise de conteúdo foi utilizado na análise dos dados.Principais resultados: Os resultados mostram que as opiniões das participantes do sexo feminino sobre a preferência pelas academias boutique estão vinculadas nos subtemas como Socialização, Mudanças Físicas, Localização e Transporte, Segurança, Orientação para o Cliente, Meio Ambiente e Programa do tema Motivos de Preferência. Em conclusão, os fatores mais significativos que afetam os participantes a participar de academias de ginástica boutique são mudanças físicas, socialização e programa.Contribuições teórico-metodológicas: O artigo contribui com a literatura relacionada às academias boutique, a respeito dos principais motivos pelos quais as mulheres escolhem uma academia boutique do ponto de vista experiencial.
Rival American Allies: Turkey and Israel in the Eastern Mediterranean
Authors: Boms Nir , Ulusoy Kivanç
Published: April 2021

The contemporary dynamics between Israel and Turkey have been confrontational at recent times though this doesn’t seem to affect the relations in other areas as the trade balance advancing towards the $8 million shows. This article focuses on the relations between Israel and Turkey within the context of the East Mediterranean geopolitics. Reviewing its shift from a quasi-alliance to a stiff geopolitical rivalry in the region, the article explores scenarios for near future.
Turkish-Ottoman relations with Latin America: a journey through the time capsule
Authors: Paredes Rubén Rodriguez
Published: April 2021

In this article we propose to address the opening of three Time Capsules to reconstruct three clearly identifiable contexts, each providing information for the analysis of what international relations between the Ottoman Empire/Turkey with Latin America have been like.  In this way, we seek to analyze the content of the links through the density of the macro-relationships that developed over time, in order to make a cognitive map of the state of situation, taking into account not only the interests of the actors but also the endogenous and exogenous conditions. In that line are raised three contexts of opening the Capsules of Time. The first in 1923, when the Empire died and the Republic of Turkey was born; the second at the end of the 20th century; and the third in 2019, spanning almost the first two decades of the 21st century.
Between a Traumatic Past and an Uncertain Future: a study on the representations of the Ottoman defeat in the Balkan War (1912-1913)
Authors: Sena Edmar Avelar , Di Lorenzo Guilherme , Oliveira Alaor Souza
Published: April 2021

Resumo: A derrota na Guerra dos Balcãs (1912-1913) foi um momento crítico para o Império Otomano. Foi um acontecimento traumático que desafiou os princípios e projetos até então vigentes e deu início a um período de profunda incerteza quanto ao futuro do Império. O artigo busca analisar algumas das representações sobre o trauma da derrota e o futuro do Império Otomano por meio dos editoriais de um jornal otomano, La Jeune Turquie, publicado em Paris durante o conflito. A intenção não é apresentar um quadro detalhado e abrangente das várias narrativas sobre o conflito, mas avaliar alguns dos impasses sobre o evento. Mais especificamente, procuramos apresentar a Guerra dos Balcãs como um período liminar. Foi uma experiência traumática que constituiu um rearranjo de tendências existentes, desvelando novas expectativas para o futuro. O argumento aqui apresentado é que mais do que um "ponto sem volta", a derrota trouxe um novo horizonte de expectativas para os líderes otomanos.

Palavras-chave: Império Otomano, Guerras dos Balcãs, Nacionalismo
A Two-Year Outcome Evaluation of Government-Led Initiative to Upscale Hospital-based Hepatitis C Treatment Using a Standard Two-Drug Regimen in Malaysia
Authors: Chan Huan-Keat , Hassali Mohamed Azmi , Md Said Rosaida , Omar Haniza , Abd Mutalib Noor Aliza , De Rozario Frederick Walter , Abu Hassan Muhammad Radzi
Published: April 2021

Background: Malaysia has been fully committed to the global endeavor to eliminate hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection by 2030. In early 2018, the Ministry of Health (MOH) embarked on a “one-size-fits-all strategy” by introducing generic versions of sofosbuvir and daclatasvir as the standard treatment for HCV infection in public hospitals nationwide. Objectives: To evaluate the outcomes of such an initiative in multiple aspects, including the number and characteristics of patients treated, the extent of evidence-based drug use, the treatment completion status, individual responses to treatment, common side effects of treatment, and its economic implications. Methods: The findings were generated from the data compiled by the MOH, capturing the information regarding the treatment provided to adult HCV-infected patients in 16 selected hospitals between April 2018 and March 2020, along with the drug costs incurred. Results: A total of 1,797 patients were treated, nearly four times more than the patients receiving interferon-based treatment across the country in the preceding two years. Approximately one-third of them had liver cirrhosis, and the main HCV genotypes were 3 (46.9%) and 1a (20.0%). Dosing, treatment duration and the addition of ribavirin to the treatment generally agreed with the recommendations of the MOH. More than 90% of the patients completed the treatment course, and a sustained virologic response (SVR) rate of 95.4% (95% CI: 94.2, 96.7%) was recorded in those with a known treatment outcome (n = 1,163). The SVR achievement did not vary across HCV genotypes and cirrhosis status, but those ≥ 50 years of age (adjusted OR: 2.13; 95% CI: 1.16, 3.92) were more likely to fail the treatment. Side effects were rare. Anemia and fatigue caused treatment discontinuation in only 0.3% of the patients. The total drug expenditure reached US$678,258.20, and the mean cost of a 12-week treatment course of sofosbuvir and daclatasvir (US$235.16) was lower than the cost expected by the MOH (US$300). Conclusions: The findings demonstrate a high degree of real-world effectiveness, safety, and affordability of the standard treatment, suggesting that such a government-led initiative was reasonable and timely and could be extended to include more public health institutions.
Evaluation of the Cytotoxic Activity of Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles Using Berberis vulgaris Leaf Extract
Authors: Safipour Afshar Akbar , Saeid Nematpour Fatemeh
Published: April 2021

Background: Recently, due to the numerous applications of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in industry, various routes to synthesize them have been developed. Objectives: The current study was aimed at synthesizing silver nanoparticles by the leaf extract of Berberis vulgaris and evaluating the cytotoxic effects on human breast cancer MCF-7 cell line. Methods: The leaf extract of Berberis vulgaris and silver nitrate solution were used to synthesize silver nanoparticles. Ultraviolet (UV)-visible, Fourier-transform infrared, and X-ray diffraction analysis spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy methods were used to characterize and confirm the nanoparticles’ synthesis. The cytotoxic activity of synthesized nanoparticles (0, 5,10, 20, 40 µg/mL) was also studied by MTT assay. Results: The results showed that Ag nanoparticles were polydisperse and spherical in shape and had a size of about 19.9 nm. Silver nanoparticles reduced the growth of cancerous cells based on time and concentration. The IC50 for MCF-7 cells at 48 hours was 20.27 µg/mL. Conclusions: The findings showed that synthesized nanoparticles have an appropriate cytotoxic effect on cancer cells. This impact may be due to the production of free radicals through the release of Ag ions.
Medical Graduates’ Viewpoints on the First Big UME Reform in Iran
Authors: Zanjanian Marzieh , Zarei Mehrnaz , Tabibi Ali , Abadi Ali Reza , Hosseini Fakhrolsadat
Published: April 2021

Background: Shahid Beheshti General Medical Degree Curriculum (2004) is the first big reform program in Iran with more than 10 major educational interventions. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the graduates’ viewpoints about the program. Methods: This study is a descriptive cross-sectional graduate survey in 2018, in which 194 medical graduates from 2011 to 2014 participated with a response rate of 51.3%. The authors prepared a questionnaire with a four-point Likert scale based on the stakeholders’ viewpoints. The questionnaire contained 121 questions in seven domains: Job status, undertaking social responsibility, self-improvement, competency, effects of interventions, adequacy of educational facilities, the impact of faculty members, and reform book effectiveness. In data analysis, the authors combined the positive ratings of "I agree" and "I strongly agree" and negative ratings of "I disagree" and "I strongly disagree.” Results: More than 88% of the respondents were specialists, medical residents, or were preparing for the medical residency entrance exam. More than 94% of the graduates evaluated themselves as competent in clinical skills, health promotion, and self-improvement, but 48.9% were competent in health advocacy, 43.3% in rehabilitation, 38.6% in the knowledge of diseases, and 29.4% in cognitive skills. The organ system approach (99%) and the approach to the presentation (87.1%) were the most favorable aspects of the program; but, communication skills education (60.8%), problem-solving sessions (64.3%), and professionalism education (66%) were the weak aspects. Bedside clinical teaching (83%) was more effective than outpatient education (79.4%) and didactic education (74.2%). Among the participants, 64.4% assessed the educational facilities as desirable, and 78.4% of them, the educational hours. Besides, 77.8% of the respondents agreed with the positive effect of clinical faculty members, and 45.9% agreed with the basic faculty members. Moreover, a difference was observed between the effects of student textbooks (80.4%) and study guides (60.3%) on enhancing students' learning. Conclusions: Overall, the program has shown effectiveness in many areas; however, it has a few weaknesses that should be considered in curriculum revision.
Efficacy of two different antibiotic solutions in preservation of fresh amniotic membrane
Authors: Ljubojević Vesna , Jovičić Sanja , Mavija Milka , Vujković Zoran
Published: April 2021

Introduction. The amniotic membrane is used in transplant surgery, ophthalmology and dermatology. Various methods have been developed to preserve amniotic membrane: hypothermic storage, cryopreservation, lyophilization. Transplantation of fresh amniotic membrane showed low inflammatory response. The efficient antibiotic solutions are carefully chosen for the hypothermic storage of amniotic membranes. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of two antibiotic solutions for the hypothermic amniotic membrane preservation and the structure of the amniotic membrane after the preservation process. Methods. Fifteen amniotic membranes were prepared and hypothermically stored in penicillin solution in BSS (2000 IU/ml) while the remaining fifteen in an antibiotic solution containing: benzylpenicillin (50 µg/ml), gentamicin (100 µg/ml), ciprofloxacin (200 µg/ml) and fluconazole (100 µg/ml). All amniotic membranes were microbiologically tested after preparation and after hypothermic storage for two weeks. Histological analysis of thirty amniotic membranes was performed after the process of preservation. Results. Fifteen amniotic membranes were sterile after hypothermic preservation in the penicillin solution. Also, fifteen amniotic membranes were sterile after hypothermic preservation in the solution of antibacterial agents (penicillin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin) and antifungal agent fluconazole. The amniotic membrane had a normal structure and thickness of 35.33±11.03 mm. Conclusion. Both antibiotic solutions, one that contains only penicillin and one that contains multiple antibacterial agents and fluconazole, provide sterility of fresh hypothermically stored amniotic membranes for two weeks. In the preparation of fresh hypothermically stored amniotic membrane, a solution with multiple antibiotics is preferred. The normal tissue structure of the amniotic membrane was histologically confirmed after the process of preservation.
Challenges in the Design of Propulsion Shafting
Authors: Kokarakis John
Published: April 2021

Shafting system in a ship is probably its most critical component. Problems in the propulsion shafting, connecting engine with propeller may let the vessel dead in the water. This study focuses on three components of the shafting system which are well known to cause problems. These are the aft stern tube bearing, the coupling bolts and the sealing arrangement which prevents the ingress of sea water or the leakage of lubrication oil to the sea. A variety of issues related to these “weak” links of the shafting system is analyzed, based on actual cases of damage.
Effect of Low-Sulfur Fuel on Auxiliary Engine Combustion and Performance
Authors: Chountalas Theofanis , Founti Maria
Published: April 2021

According to the current legislation, since 01/01/2020 it is necessary to operate marine diesel engines in a wide range of areas using MGO (Marine Gas Oil). Currently, most marine diesel engines operate on HSFO (High Sulfur Fuel Oil). In the present work the effect of MGO and HSFO on the combustion mechanism and performance of Marine Diesel Auxiliary Engines is investigated. This can be accomplished via comparative evaluation of operational parameters and net combustion rate at various engine operating conditions. In this work, performance evaluation is based on the processing of measured engine cylinder pressure data acquired at sea using both fuel types. The measured cylinder pressure traces are analyzed to determine the net combustion rate, ignition delay, dynamic start of fuel injection timing, injection-combustion quality and combustion duration. Final analysis confirmed that there is considerable impact of the fuel type on engine performance and the combustion mechanism. Due to the high rotational speed of auxiliary engines, alterations in engine operation and especially the different dynamic response of the injection system between the two fuel types, led to measurably deviating engine performance, akin to different engine tuning. Severity of fuel effect was found dependent on engine type and especially condition.
Practical Aspects of Propulsion Shaft Alignment
Authors: Avgouleas Kyriakos , Sarris Emmanouil , Gougoulidis George
Published: April 2021

The economical and operational implications of poor alignment are indisputable for the propulsion shafting system of a commercial vessel. This holds true for naval vessels as well, although far less documented in the technical literature. This paper addresses some of the challenges associated with the proper alignment of a high-speed naval craft, which has been in service for many years. Laser bore-sighting was performed on a Guided Missile Fast Patrol Boat resting on a docking cradle. The measured bearing offsets were input to a FEA model of the shafting system to calculate bearing reactions and detect potential misalignment issues. Subsequent decisions regarding corrective measures take into account the results computed by the numerical model, experience from sister ships, the available documentation from the building yard and several other factors which are discussed in the paper. The solutions proposed are targeted towards a balanced trade-off between cost effectiveness and out-of-service time on one hand, and the risk of potential damage from misalignment on the other hand, which would seriously disrupt the ship’s operational availability. Practical aspects and lessons identified in the process are also presented, which demonstrate the distinct differences in alignment strategy of a high-speed naval craft compared to a typical commercial vessel.
Risk Management of Tank Overflow on Tankers Carrying Multiple Grades of Crude Oil
Authors: Adamopoulos Nikolaos
Published: April 2021

It is demonstrated that tank overflow can occur on board a tanker ship due to the communication of cargo tanks containing dissimilar grades of crude oil. The fundamental principles, which enable the flow from one tank to another and the overflow from exhaust devices on top of the tanks, are reviewed along with the governing equations. The case is analyzed firstly for two communicating tanks in terms of the final equilibrium state and of the time scale of the effect until equilibrium is established or tank overflow is occurred, considering all geometrical and liquid transfer parameters. Measures are proposed to prevent the effect from being initiated and to mitigate the results of the effect once it is occurred. This necessarily leads to the need to extend the study to three communicating tanks. The final equilibrium state for three, and potentially more, tanks is analyzed, which allows a pragmatic approach as to how the situation should be handled on board a tanker facing a tank overflow due to density differences of multiple cargo grades. An extended and generalized Risk Analysis model is proposed to supplement existing models.
Autonomous and Optimized Ship Routing
Authors: Emiris Ioannis Z.
Published: April 2021

We present state-of-the-art computational methods which are instrumental in autonomous maritime operations, and optimization of routing, scheduling as well as loading. Our aim is to survey mature algorithmic approaches developed within the Lab of Geometric and Algebraic Algorithms, towards exploiting intelligence and automation in modern shipping and, in particular, in various aspects of routing. We showcase our advances in two main axes: (a) geometric computing for collision avoidance in complex environments, thus allowing for semi-autonomous and fully autonomous navigation, and (b) optimization for routing under time constraints of the carrier ship, time windows of availability at the ports of call, and capacity constraints of various compartments within a vessel.
Evaluating the Operations of an LNG Shipping Company with Business Process Modelling
Authors: Andreadis George O. , Papaleonidas Christos , Lyridis Dimitrios V.
Published: April 2021

Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) industry is a typical example for which various business models, strategies, and affiliated interests exist, making it highly complex in terms of operations. The extended supply chain, from liquefaction to regasification, combined with multilateral contractual relationships that crossover, make efficient operation a challenging task. Considering barriers such as the volume of transactions, communication hurdles, etc., and the lack of contemporary management tools by shipping companies contrary to other industries, the paper proposes a model structure based on Business Process Modelling (BPM). The proposed BPM concept offers a holistic view of company organization and operations, as well as enables control of key performance indicators. Implementing intelligent computer systems to model an inter-organizational business environment to highlight and overcome such problems, is the ultimate goal of the study. This paper offers a coherent perspective of business process visualization across the midstream section of the LNG supply chain, including roles, tasks and resources. The research highlights commonly used business models, the contractual framework, and the physical processes. The volume of the information leads to knuckle points and dysfunctions related to time, transparency and work assignment. It is underlined that the occurring issues relate to the nature of LNG projects, business policies, safety and compliance issues, document transaction load and mishandling, disputes over SPAs, as well as to subjects of goodwill and partnership, unstandardized procedures executed empirically, and concurring office intervention. The aim of the study is the identification of the aforementioned problems that prevent an LNG shipping company from extracting the added value from its operation.
The Use of Real-World Evidence for Oral Chemotherapies in Breast Cancer
Authors: Hanna, PharmD, BCPS, BCOP Kirollos , Mayden, MSN, FNP, AOCNP Kelley
Published: April 2021

Almost all patients with breast cancer will eventually receive chemotherapy drugs, the majority of which are administered as IV infusions. Real-world evidence indicates that while current treatment paradigms vary considerably from guideline recommendations, there is an increasing trend towards a preference for oral oncolytics among patients with breast cancer. Recent data have shown that oral anticancer therapeutics represent 25% of the oncology drug market share and that there is a high demand for these agents. Therefore, oral formulations of chemotherapy agents such as paclitaxel are currently under development. Although oral oncolytics are associated with several advantages over conventional intravenous drugs, maintaining adherence to therapy is a major barrier in achieving improved outcomes with these agents. Advanced practitioners can facilitate improved adherence to oral oncolytics by integrating evidence into practice to support better education and communication strategies to address patient concerns, overcome key hurdles, and ultimately, empower patients.
Temporal primary cutaneous carcinosarcoma in the ear: A case report
Authors: Msakni Issam , Khemir Aya , Mansouri Nada
Published: April 2021

Carcinosarcoma is a rare biphasic tumor made of two malignant components—the epithelial component and the stromal component—that can develop anywhere on the body, but mainly in sun-exposed areas. We report the case of a 78-year-old male who presented himself with a right temporal tumor in the ear 10 cm in diameter. A biopsy suggested a sarcoma. The patient underwent an extensive surgical resection of the temporal mass and the ipsilateral ear. A microscopic examination of the tumor revealed two intermixed malignant contingents. The epithelial component was made of atypical basaloid cells arranged in nests with peripheral palisading and expressing cytokeratin. The stromal component was made of atypical spindle cells expressing smooth muscle actin (SMA). A diagnosis of primary cutaneous carcinosarcoma with clear margins was reached. The patient is alive and without recurrence after twelve months of a follow-up period.
Behavioral response ofPanonychus citri(McGregor) (Acari: Tetranychidae) to synthetic chemicals and oils
Authors: Qayyoum Muhammad Asif , Song Zi-Wei , Zhang Bao-Xin , Li Dun-Song , Khan Bilal Saeed
Published: April 2021

Background

Panonychus citri(McGregor) (Acari: Tetranychidae) population outbreaks after the citrus plantation’s chemical application is a common observation. Dispersal behavior is an essential tool to understand the secondary outbreak ofP. citripopulation. Therefore, in the current study, the dispersal activity ofP. citriwas observed on the leaf surfaces ofCitrus reticulata(Rutaceae) treated with SYP-9625, abamectin, vegetable oil, and EnSpray 99.

Method

Mites were released on the first (apex) leaf of the plant (adaxial surface) and data were recorded after 24 h. The treated, untreated, and half-treated data were analyzed by combining the leaf surfaces (adaxial right, adaxial left, abaxial right, and abaxial left). All experiments were performed in open-air environmental conditions.

Results

The maximum number of mites was captured on the un-treated or half-treated surfaces due to chemicals repellency. Chemical bioassays of the free-choice test showed that all treatments significantly increased the mortality ofP. citridepending on application method and concentration. A significant number of mites repelled away from treated surfaces and within treated surfaces except adaxial left and abaxial right surfaces at LC30. In the no-choice test, SYP-9625 gave maximum mortality and dispersal by oils than others. No significant differences were observed within the adaxial and abaxial except abaxial surface at LC30. Therefore, the presence of tested acaricides interferes withP. citridispersal within leaf surfaces of plantations depending on the mites released point and a preferred site for feeding.
Magnesium may be a key nutrient mechanism related to Fusarium wilt resistance: a new banana cultivar (Zhongjiao No. 9)
Authors: Hu Weifang , Yang Baomei , He Zhaohuan , Li Guoliang
Published: April 2021

Zhongjiao No. 9 (Musa spp.), a new Fusarium wilt-resistant banana cultivar, has shown considerable promise in the field. However, the growth, nutrient budgets, and key nutrient mechanisms related to Fusarium wilt resistance have not been explicitly examined. Here, the plant growth, yield, fruit quality, and nutrient budgets of Zhongjiao No. 9 were investigated. The results showed that Zhongjiao No. 9 has a large biomass with a high yield (54.65 t ha−1). The concentrations of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, B, and Mo were mainly high in the leaves and bunches of mother plants as well as in the leaves and pseudostems of daughter plants, while Cu and Fe were enriched in the roots of both mother plants and daughter plants. Linear discriminant analysis revealed that K, Ca, and Fe were important for plant growth in both the mother plants and daughter plants; S, Zn, and Mn were important for the mother plants, and N, P, and B for were important for the daughter plants. The nutrient uptake ratio of N:P:K:Ca:Mg:S was 1:0.13:3.86:0.68:0.40:0.07. Compared with local cultivars, there was a higher Mg concentration in pseudostems and a higher Mg uptake ratio were observed in Zhongjiao No. 9. Together, our results provide insight into the importance of Mg accumulation in relation to Fusarium wilt resistance, and we provide information on nutrient demands and fertilization application.
Characteristics of patients discontinuing outpatient services under long-term care insurance and its effect on frailty during COVID-19
Authors: Hirose Tamaki , Sawaya Yohei , Shiba Takahiro , Ishizaka Masahiro , Onoda Ko , Kubo Akira , Urano Tomohiko
Published: April 2021

Background

Among community-dwelling older adults who require long-term care and use outpatient rehabilitation services, we aimed to examine the characteristics of patients who discontinued using outpatient rehabilitation services to prevent exposure to COVID-19 and the effects of this discontinuation on patient frailty.

Methods

Participants were 119 older adults (69 males, 50 females; average age 77.3 ± 8.3 years) requiring long-term care who used outpatient rehabilitation services. Our outpatient rehabilitation service involved day care for older adults undergoing rehabilitation including pick-up and drop-off services under the long-term care insurance system. They were divided into two groups: participants who discontinued using outpatient rehabilitation services and participants who continued their use. To find the factors associated with this discontinuation, binomial logistic regression analysis was performed, in which the following independent variables were used: gender, age, height, weight, long-term care level, grip strength, and normal walking speed. Frailty status was investigated in April 2020 and again in September 2020 through interviews and telephone surveys utilizing the Frailty Screening Index.

Results

Women and normal walking speed were independent factors associated with the discontinuation of outpatient rehabilitation due to COVID-19. According to the results of the Frailty Screening Index, similar tendencies were exhibited in both April and September. The discontinued group indicated that they were getting less exercise and having stronger feelings of fatigue than the continuing group.

Conclusions

The findings are in accordance with other studies indicating that women are more likely to employ prevention measures against COVID-19, as seen among the community-dwelling older adults requiring long-term care who used outpatient rehabilitation services. People with higher levels of physical function were also likely to refrain from using outpatient rehabilitation services. Results further suggested that the discontinued group had more frailty-related factors (i.e., low physical activity and strong exhaustion) than the continuing group.
Cholesteatoma Masquerading as Cerumen
Authors: Prabakaran S , Navin RB Namasivaya , Keerthana R Guna , Rajasekaran S , Priya K
Published: April 2021

Cerumen is composed of glandular secretions and desquamated epithelial cells. It protects and lubricates the external auditory canal. Impacted cerumen causes canal occlusion and pressure over the tympanic membrane, causing ear discomfort, conductive hearing loss, itching, etc. Up to 6% of the general population are affected with impacted cerumen, which includes 10% of children, more than 30% of the elderly and people with cognitive impairment. Persistent symptoms despite resolution of impaction and patient repeatedly should raise suspicion of alternative diagnosis and prompt for further evaluation. A 20-year-old female patient came with complaints of decreased hearing and ear discharge. On otoscopic examination of left ear, impacted cerumen was seen in the attic region. On removal of wax with the aid of oto-endoscopy, attic region was found to be filled with cholesteatoma debris. On pure tone audiometry, patient had mild conductive hearing loss of 30 db and computed tomography of left temporal bone revealed ill-defined soft tissue density in the middle ear (epitympanum) with erosion of head of malleus and short process of incus. Blunting of scutum was also seen. Attic reconstruction and type III tympanoplasty was performed. On histopathological examination, the section showed keratin flakes with bacterial colonies which were consistent with cholesteatoma. In conclusion, any case of impacted cerumen should not be ignored by otorhinolaryngologist. Further evaluation with thorough examination under otomicroscope/otoendoscope has to be done which can lead to different diagnosis and treatment plan.
ROLE OF INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR IN DEPRESSION: A REVIEW
Authors: Patel Rutu M , Rana Digvijaysinh G
Published: April 2021

Depression is a disorder of unknown origin and it involves disturbance of many physiological processes. There are many mechanisms in depression including alterations in neurotrophic factors. It has been suggested in this review that an impairment of synaptic plasticity in specific areas of central nervous system, specifically in hippocampus can be an important factor in the pathophysiology of depression. Further, an abnormal neural plasticity may be related to alterations in the level of neurotrophic factors. In context with this, it can be suggested that there can be a connection between occurrences of depression with the disturbance of neurotrophic factors, raising great attention in the recent years. In the present review, it has been tried to explain the significance of insulin-like growth factor in depression by presenting the several important topics such as neurotrophic factors in depression, insulin like growth factor in central nervous system, insulin like growth factor receptor in depression, neurotrophic role of insulin like growth factor and correlation between insulin like growth factor and brain serotonin levels.
A REVIEW ON INSTRUMENTATION AND VALIDATION METHOD OF UV-VISIBLE SPECTROSCOPY AND HPLC FOR THE ANALYSIS OF DRUGS
Authors: Singh Devendra , Chauhan Vivek , Chaudhar Sapna , Kaushik Anu
Published: April 2021

The purpose of the present analysis was to identify the application of HPLC and UV/Vis spectroscopy. UV-VIS Spectroscopy is the term used to test the various types of solvents and substances in an analysis. In particular, small-scale enterprises typically prefer spectroscopy, as the cost of equipment is lower and maintenance issues are limited. The analysis approach is based on the calculation of the absorption of monochromatic light in the near ultraviolet direction of a spectrum by colourless compounds (200 400nm). The pharmaceutical analysis requires the necessary procedure for the determination of the "identity, intensity, consistency and purity of such compounds. Analysis of raw materials and intermediates during the drug manufacturing process is also included. The dissociation constant is well known to be the most critical parameter in the production and optimization of a new compound for successful development of formulations. Information on the system of simultaneous equation, difference spectrophotometry, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or fluid visible ultraviolet spectrophotometry was measured. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is an effective analytical method for drug product evaluation. Methods of HPLC should be able to isolate, detect and quantify the different drugs and drug related degradants that can shape, detect and quantify any drugs and drug related impurities that can be added during synthesis. Validation is the process of determining a method's performance features and limitations and defining the factors that which alter these characteristics and to what extent.
E-HRM Practices and Operational Efficiency: Evidence from Bangladeshi Garment Industry
Authors: Muqaddim Noorul , Hosain Md. Sajjad
Published: April 2021

This empirical study is an attempt to reveal the role of some chosen electronic human resource management (E-HRM) practices on the operational efficiency (OE) in Bangladeshi garment sector. The authors selected six such E-HRM practices (e-job analysis, e-recruitment & selection, e-compensation & benefit, HRIS & e-communication, e-personal profile and e-performance appraisal) as the independent variables and OE as the single dependent variable. The research was carried out with a valid sample size of 299 mid & supervisor level managers and 228 top level managers of 54 garment factories of Bangladesh using convenience technique. A structured measurement instrument was used to collect primary data from those respondents. Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression analysis were utilized (using SPSS 24) to test the hypothesized relationships. Results after a vigilant and comprehensive statistical analysis exposed that all the selected independent variables have positive relationships with the dependent variable (OE). However, such positive relationships are stronger (significant) in case of e-compensation & benefit, HRIS & e-communication, e-personal profile and e-performance appraisal whereas such positive relationships are comparatively weaker (insignificant) in case of e-recruitment & selection and e-job analysis. The authors are optimistic that the conclusion of this empirical study will be helpful for academicians having intention to further explore the relationship between E-HRM practices and operational efficiency. They also believe that this study will be proven valuable for managerial decision makers of different manufacturing firms desire to reduce costs and adopt environment friendliness to gain competitive advantages over the rivals.
Evaluating Properties and Performance of Long Memory Models from an Emerging Foreign Markets Return Innovations
Authors: Dum Deebom  Zorle , Essi Isaac  Didi , Emeka Amos
Published: April 2021

The study investigates evaluate properties and performance of long memory models from emerging foreign markets return innovations between 1991 - 2020. The purpose of the study includes; investigate the persistence of shocks in Nigerian international markets, model long-range dependence, test the efficient markets hypothesis using fractionally integrated volatility models, develop an appropriate long memory model for Nigerian international markets, compare the advantages between short and long memory models in modeling for the returns in Nigerian international Markets and Give forecast values for future occurrences. The design for the study was an ex post facto research design. The data used for this study were Nigerian crude oil prices (Dollar per Barrel), exchange rate, and Agricultural Commodity prices extracted from the website of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) www.cbn.ng. The total data points were 1044 and it spanned from 1st January 1991 to 30th January 2020. The statistical software used for data analysis was STATA 15 and OX metrics version 7. In an attempt to achieve the aim of the study, parametric and non-parametric methods of detecting Long Memory were applied. The study applied short and long memory models in an attempt to spot out the deficiencies associated with the short memory models. The results confirmed the presence of long memory in sales and returns on prices in Nigerian international markets. The presence of long memory in both sales and returns on prices in Nigerian International markets disprove the efficient market hypothesis which says that the future returns and volatility values are unpredictable. Similarly, base on performance evaluation using the Akaike information criteria, ARFIMA(1,-0.021,1) model was found to be the best fit model to the data after checking the adequacy of the model selected. Sequel to the above, it was recommended that there is a need for a strong financial and economic reform policy to curb persistent shocks in Nigerian international markets. This is because a stable local financial currency builds confidence in an economy, especially when foreign investors intend to invest in the country’s economy. For example, exchange rate policies also trim down the desire for local investors to trade in the international market. Also, for empirical estimation of long memory sales and returns on prices in Nigeria international markets, ARFIMA(1,-0.021,1) model should be considered appropriate. Two years (January, 20 to Dec-22) step ahead forecast shows that the predicted value for Cocoa Bean Sale using the ARFIMA (1,-0.021,1) falls between the range of 1.907247 to 1.915947.