bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Convergence Analysis and Complex Geometry of an Efficient Derivative-Free Iterative Method
Authors: Kumar Deepak , Sharma Janak Raj , Jäntschi Lorentz
Published: October 2019

To locate a locally-unique solution of a nonlinear equation, the local convergence analysis of a derivative-free fifth order method is studied in Banach space. This approach provides radius of convergence and error bounds under the hypotheses based on the first Fréchet-derivative only. Such estimates are not introduced in the earlier procedures employing Taylor’s expansion of higher derivatives that may not exist or may be expensive to compute. The convergence domain of the method is also shown by a visual approach, namely basins of attraction. Theoretical results are endorsed via numerical experiments that show the cases where earlier results cannot be applicable.
Numerical Study for Darcy–Forchheimer Flow of Nanofluid due to a Rotating Disk with Binary Chemical Reaction and Arrhenius Activation Energy
Authors: Asma Mir , Othman W.A.M. , Muhammad Taseer
Published: October 2019

The present article investigates Darcy–Forchheimer 3D nanoliquid flow because of a rotating disk with Arrhenius activation energy. Flow is created by rotating disk. Impacts of thermophoresis and Brownian dispersion are accounted for. Convective states of thermal and mass transport at surface of a rotating disk are imposed. The nonlinear systems have been deduced by transformation technique. Shooting method is employed to construct the numerical arrangement of subsequent problem. Plots are organized just to investigate how velocities, concentration, and temperature are influenced by distinct emerging flow variables. Surface drag coefficients and local Sherwood and Nusselt numbers are also plotted and discussed. Our results indicate that the temperature and concentration are enhanced for larger values of porosity parameter and Forchheimer number.
Cytotoxic Xanthones from Hypericum stellatum, an Ethnomedicine in Southwest China
Authors: Ji Yuanyuan , Zhang Ruifei , Zhang Chen , Li Xingyu , Negrin Adam , Yuan Chaonan , Kennelly Edward J. , Long Chunlin
Published: October 2019

Hypericum stellatum, a species endemic to China, is used to treat hepatitis by several ethnic groups in Guizhou Province. This research was inspired by the traditional medicinal usage of H. stellatum, and aims to explore the phytochemistry and bioactivity of H. stellatum to explain why local people in Guizhou widely apply H. stellatum for liver protection. In this study, two new prenylated xanthones, hypxanthones A (8) and B (9), together with seven known compounds, were isolated from the aerial parts of the plant. Spectroscopic data as well as experimental and calculated ECD spectra were used to establish the structures of these compounds. Six xanthones isolated in this study, together with four xanthones previously isolated from H. stellatum, were evaluated for their growth-inhibitory activities against five human liver carcinoma cell lines to analyze the bioactivity and structure-activity relationship of xanthones from H. stellatum. Isojacareubin (6) showed significant cytotoxicity against five human liver carcinoma cell lines, with an IC50 value ranging from 1.41 to 11.83 μM, which was stronger than the positive control cisplatin (IC50 = 4.47–20.62 μM). Hypxanthone B (9) showed moderate cytotoxicity to three of the five cell lines. Finally, structure-activity analysis revealed that the prenyl and pyrano substituent groups of these xanthones contributed to their cytotoxicity.
The Design and Synthesis of Fluorescent Coumarin Derivatives and Their Study for Cu2+ Sensing with an Application for Aqueous Soil Extracts
Authors: Qian Bin , Váradi Linda , Trinchi Adrian , Reichman Suzie M. , Bao Lei , Lan Minbo , Wei Gang , Cole Ivan S.
Published: October 2019

A series of fluorescent coumarin derivatives 2a–e were systematically designed, synthesized and studied for their Cu2+ sensing performance in aqueous media. The sensitivities and selectivities of the on-to-off fluorescent Cu2+ sensing signal were in direct correlation with the relative arrangements of the heteroatoms within the coordinating moieties of these coumarins. Probes 2b and 2d exhibited Cu2+ concentration dependent and selective fluorescence quenching, with linear ranges of 0–80 μM and 0–10 μM, and limits of detection of 0.14 μM and 0.38 μM, respectively. Structural changes of 2b upon Cu2+ coordination were followed by fluorescence titration, attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), mass spectrometry, and single crystal X-ray diffraction on the isolated Cu2+-coumarin complex. The results revealed a 1:1 stoichiometry between 2b and Cu2+, and that the essential structural features for Cu2+-selective coordination are the coumarin C=O and a three-bond distance between the amide NH and heterocyclic N. Probe 2b was also used to determine copper (II) levels in aqueous soil extracts, with recovery rates over 80% when compared to the standard soil analysis method: inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).
Achiral Zeolites as Reaction Media for Chiral Photochemistry
Authors: Ramamurthy Vaidhyanathan
Published: October 2019

Obtaining enantiomerically-enriched photoproducts from achiral reactants has been a long-sought goal. The various methods developed to achieve chiral induction in photoproducts during the last fifty years still suffer from a lack of predictability, generality, and simplicity. With the current emphasis on green chemistry, obtaining enantiomerically enriched products via photochemistry is a likely viable alternative for the future. Of the various approaches developed during the last three decades, the one pioneered in the author’s laboratory involved the use of commercially-available and inexpensive achiral zeolites as the media. This approach does not use any solvent for the reaction. Examples from these studies are highlighted in this article. Since no chiral zeolites were available, when the work was initiated in the author’s laboratory, commercially-available zeolites X and Y were modified with chiral inductors so that the reaction space becomes chiral. The results obtained established the value of chirally-modified, commercial zeolites as media for achieving chiral induction in photochemical reactions. A recent report of the synthesis of a chiral zeolite is likely to stimulate zeolite-based chiral photochemistry in synthesizing enantiomerically-pure organic molecules. The availability of chiral zeolites in future is likely to energize research in this area. Our earlier observations on this topic, we believe, would be valuable for progress of the field. Keeping this in mind, I have summarized the work carried out in our laboratory on chiral photochemistry on chirally-modified zeolites. This review does not include examples where high chiral induction has been obtained via a strategy that examines molecules appended with chiral auxiliary within achiral and chirally-modified zeolites. The latter approach yields products with diastereomeric excess >80%.
Plasma Proteins at the Interface of Dental Implants Modulate Osteoblasts Focal Adhesions Expression and Cytoskeleton Organization
Authors: Parisi Ludovica , Toffoli Andrea , Cutrera Miriam , Bianchi Massimiliano G. , Lumetti Simone , Bussolati Ovidio , Macaluso Guido M.
Published: October 2019

The host-material interface is a crucial relationship dictating the possibility of successful osseointegration in implant dentistry. The aim of the present study was to characterize the effects of plasma proteins pre-adsorption on the adhesion capacity of osteoblasts, which occurs immediately after implant insertion in vivo. After having pre-adsorbed human plasma proteins on a machined and microrough titanium surface, MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts adhesion was evaluated through crystal violet cell adhesion assay, immunofluorescence staining for cytoskeleton, focal adhesions and cell nuclei, and scanning electron microscopy. The pre-adsorbed protein layer markedly affected the adhesion rate of cells, as well as their morphology and the expression of focal contacts. Moreover, protein adsorption to the underlying titanium surface was found to be correlated to surface pre-wetting. Thus, the early adsorption of serum proteins to the interface of dental implants impacts cell adhesion in terms of strength and of focal adhesions expression.
Specific Wheat Fractions Influence Hepatic Fat Metabolism in Diet-Induced Obese Mice
Authors: Graf Daniela , Weitkunat Karolin , Dötsch Andreas , Liebisch Gerhard , Döring Maik , Krüger Ralf , Stoll Dominic , Vatareck Elisabeth , von Coburg Elena , Loh Gunnar , Watzl Bernhard
Published: October 2019

Low whole grain consumption is a risk factor for the development of non-communicable diseases such as type 2 diabetes. Dietary fiber and phytochemicals are bioactive grain compounds, which could be involved in mediating these beneficial effects. These compounds are not equally distributed in the wheat grain, but are enriched in the bran and aleurone fractions. As little is known on physiological effects of different wheat fractions, the aim of this study was to investigate this aspect in an obesity model. For twelve weeks, C57BL/6J mice were fed high-fat diets (HFD), supplemented with one of four wheat fractions: whole grain flour, refined white flour, bran, or aleurone. The different diets did not affect body weight, however bran and aleurone decreased liver triglyceride content, and increased hepatic n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentrations. Furthermore, lipidomics analysis revealed increased PUFA concentration in the lipid classes of phosphatidylcholine (PC), PC-ether, and phosphatidylinositol in the plasma of mice fed whole grain, bran, and aleurone supplemented diets, compared to refined white flour. Furthermore, bran, aleurone, and whole grain supplemented diets increased microbial α-diversity, but only bran and aleurone increased the cecal concentrations of short-chain fatty acids. The effects on hepatic lipid metabolism might thus at least partially be mediated by microbiota-dependent mechanisms.
Primary Outcomes of a Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial to Explore the Effects of a High Chlorophyll Dietary Intervention to Reduce Colon Cancer Risk in Adults: The Meat and Three Greens (M3G) Feasibility Trial
Authors: Frugé Andrew D. , Smith Kristen S. , Riviere Aaron J. , Demark-Wahnefried Wendy , Arthur Anna E. , Murrah William M. , Morrow Casey D. , Arnold Robert D. , Braxton-Lloyd Kimberly
Published: October 2019

Preclinical and observational research suggests green leafy vegetables (GLVs) may reduce the risk of red meat (RM)-induced colonic DNA damage and colon cancer (CC). We sought to determine the feasibility of a high GLV dietary intervention in adults with an increased risk of CC (NCT03582306) via a 12-week randomized controlled crossover trial. Participants were randomized to immediate or delayed (post-4-week washout) intervention groups. During the 4-week intervention period, participants were given frozen GLVs and counseled to consume one cooked cup equivalent daily. The primary outcomes were: accrual—recruiting 50 adults in 9 months; retention—retaining 80% of participants at completion; and adherence—meeting GLV intake goals on 90% of days. Adherence data were collected twice weekly and 24-h dietary recalls at each time point provided nutrient and food group measures. The Food Acceptability Questionnaire (FAQ) was completed to determine acceptability. On each of the four study visits, anthropometrics, stool, saliva, and blood were obtained. Fifty adults were recruited in 44 days. Participants were 48 ± 13 years of age, 62% female, and 80% Caucasian, with an average BMI at screening of 35.9 ± 5.1. Forty-eight (96%) participants were retained and completed the study. During the intervention phase, participants consumed GLVs on 88.8% of days; the adherence goal of one cup was met on 73.2% of days. Dietary recall-derived Vitamin K and GLVs significantly increased for all participants during the intervention periods. Overall satisfaction did not differ between intervention and control periods (p = 0.214). This feasibility trial achieved accrual, retention and acceptability goals, but fell slightly short of the benchmark for adherence. The analysis of biological specimens will determine the effects of GLVs on gut microbiota, oxidative DNA damage, and inflammatory cytokines.
Hydrangenol Isolated from the Leaves of Hydrangea serrata Attenuates Wrinkle Formation and Repairs Skin Moisture in UVB-Irradiated Hairless Mice
Authors: Myung Da-Bin , Han Hee-Soo , Shin Ji-Sun , Park Ji Yeon , Hwang Han Jun , Kim Hyoung Ja , Ahn Hye Shin , Lee Sun Hee , Lee Kyung-Tae
Published: October 2019

Our previous study showed that hydrangenol isolated from Hydrangea serrata leaves exerts antiphotoaging activity in vitro. In this study, we determined its antiphotoaging effect in UVB-irradiated HR-1 hairless mice. We evaluated wrinkle formation, skin thickness, histological characteristics, and mRNA and protein expression using qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis in dorsal skins. Hydrangenol mitigated wrinkle formation, dorsal thickness, dehydration, and collagen degradation. Hydrangenol increased the expression of involucrin, filaggrin, and aquaporin-3 (AQP3) as well as hyaluronic acid (HA) production via hyaluronidase (HYAL)-1/-2 downregulation. Consistent with the recovery of collagen composition, the expression of Pro-COL1A1 was increased by hydrangenol. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1/-3, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression was reduced by hydrangenol. Hydrangenol attenuated the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) including ERK and p38, activator protein 1 (AP-1) subunit, and signal transduction and activation of transcription 1 (STAT1). Hydrangenol upregulated the expression of nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 (NQO-1), glutamate cysteine ligase modifier subunit (GCLM), and glutamate cysteine ligase catalysis subunit (GCLC). Taken together, our data suggest that hydrangenol can prevent wrinkle formation by reducing MMP and inflammatory cytokine levels and increasing the expression of moisturizing factors and antioxidant genes.
Reduction of Arcobacter at Two Conventional Wastewater Treatment Plants in Southern Arizona, USA
Authors: Ghaju Shrestha Rajani , Sherchan Samendra P. , Kitajima Masaaki , Tanaka Yasuhiro , Gerba Charles P. , Haramoto Eiji
Published: October 2019

This study aimed to identify the bacterial community in two wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and to determine the occurrence and reduction of Arcobacter, along with virulence genes (ciaB and pldA). A total of 48 samples (24 influent and 24 effluent) were collected at two WWTPs in southern Arizona in the United States, monthly from August 2011 to July 2012. Bacterial DNA extract was utilized for 16S rRNA metagenomic sequencing. Quantification of Arcobacter 16S rRNA gene was conducted using a recently developed SYBR Green-based quantitative PCR assay. Among 847 genera identified, 113 (13%) were identified as potentially pathogenic bacteria. Arcobacter 16S rRNA gene was detected in all influent samples and ten (83%) and nine (75%) effluent samples at each plant, respectively. Log reduction ratios of Arcobacter 16S rRNA gene in Plant A and Plant B were 1.7 ± 0.9 (n = 10) and 2.3 ± 1.5 (n = 9), respectively. The ciaB gene was detected by quantitative PCR in eleven (92%) and twelve (100%) of 12 influent samples from Plant A and Plant B, respectively, while the pldA gene was detected in eight (67%) and six (50%) influent samples from Plant A and Plant B, respectively. The prevalence of potentially pathogenic bacteria in WWTP effluent indicated the need for disinfection before discharge into the environment.
Preparation and Molecular Dynamics Simulation of RDX/MUF Nanocomposite Energetic Microspheres with Reduced Sensitivity
Authors: Jia Xinlei , Hu Yingying , Xu Lanjuan , Liu Xuewen , Ma Youying , Fu Mingming , Wang Jingyu , Xu Jing
Published: October 2019

In order to improve the general problem of irregular coating morphology and low mechanical strength of the coating layer in existing coating desensitization technology, nano-cyclotrimethylene trinitramine/melamine-urea-formaldehyde (RDX/MUF) composite energetic microspheres were prepared by an improved emulsion polymerization, taking the MUF as the binder and RDX as the main explosive. In order to judge whether RDX/MUF possessed good stability, the combination of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was used to determine the level of binding binding energy between urea-formaldehyde resin binder (UF) and RDX. In addition, to investigate the optimal reaction temperature for the preparation of MUF/RDX, the binding energy between UF and RDX at different temperatures was simulated. And then the morphology and thermal properties of the as-prepared composite energetic microspheres were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and DSC, the impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity of the resultant samples were tested as well. Moreover, RDX/MUF with the same MUF content was prepared by physical mixing for comparative analysis. MD simulation demonstrated that UF and RDX possessed good binding ability at 298 K. The DSC method indicatec that UF and RDX had good compatibility, and the comprehensive performance of RDX after coating was not significantly deteriorated; The optimal binding temperature between UF and RDX was 60~70 °C which is consistent with the experimental results. The experimental results showed that the optimum process conditions for the preparation of RDX/MUF could be listed as follows: the temperature for preparing RDX/MUF composite energetic microspheres by the improved emulsion polymerization was 70 °C the optimal pH value of the urea-formaldehyde resin prepolymer solution was 3, and the optimal melamine-urea molar ratio was 0.4.
Practical Solutions for Specific Growth Rate Control Systems in Industrial Bioreactors
Authors: Galvanauskas Vytautas , Simutis Rimvydas , Levišauskas Donatas , Urniežius Renaldas
Published: October 2019

This contribution discusses the main challenges related to successful application of automatic control systems used to control specific growth rate in industrial biotechnological processes. It is emphasized that, after the implementation of basic automatic control systems, primary attention shall be paid to the specific growth rate control systems because this process variable critically affects the physiological state of microbial cultures and the formation of the desired product. Therefore, control of the specific growth rate enables improvement of the quality and reproducibility of the biotechnological processes. The main requirements have been formulated that shall be met to successfully implement the specific growth rate control systems in industrial bioreactors. The relatively easy-to-implement schemes of specific growth rate control systems have been reviewed and discussed. The recommendations for selection of particular control systems for specific biotechnological processes have been provided.
“He died as he lived”: Biopolitical Mediatization in the Death of David Goodall
Authors: Han Sam
Published: October 2019

This article explores the nexus of biopolitics, mediatization and secularization, drawing out their relationship as it pertains to matters of assisted dying and euthanasia. In particular, it examines the dynamics of the media coverage of a highly-publicized case of euthanasia, namely, that of scientist David Goodall, based in Perth, Australia, who flew to Switzerland in May 2018 to end his own life at the age of 104. Focusing on the Australian Broadcasting Corporation’s coverage, the article keys in on the theme of embodiment, discussing it within recent developments in social theory on the “secular body” and pain, suggesting that the mediatization of his death facilitated and structured an “environment” for staging and negotiating issues of biopolitical import. It then contextualizes this analysis within broader discussions on biopolitics and secularity.
Identifying Processes of Smart Planning, Governance and Management in European Border Cities. Learning from City-to-City Cooperation (C2C)
Authors: Castanho Rui Alexandre
Published: October 2019

Nowadays, especially in a European environment, it is almost given that border cities cooperate, or should cooperate. Nevertheless, several obstacles are jeopardizing the cities cooperation prosperity. Therefore, the understanding of most of the factors and processes possible involved in the success or failure of Cross-Border Cooperation (CBC) strategies and projects are pivotal to seek long-lasting territorial sustainability. Contextually, the study enables to identify three most influential factors and processes that should be considered to achieve territorial sustainability of CBC projects of City-to-City Cooperation (C2C) from a political-strategic perspective, being: Connectivity—movement between cities; political commitment; and the developing of common planning master plans.
Determination of Selected Isoquinoline Alkaloids from Mahonia aquifolia; Meconopsis cambrica; Corydalis lutea; Dicentra spectabilis; Fumaria officinalis; Macleaya cordata Extracts by HPLC-DAD and Comparison of Their Cytotoxic Activity
Authors: Petruczynik Anna , Plech Tomasz , Tuzimski Tomasz , Misiurek Justyna , Kaproń Barbara , Misiurek Dorota , Szultka-Młyńska Małgorzata , Buszewski Bogusław , Waksmundzka-Hajnos Monika
Published: October 2019

Alkaloids have protective functions for plants and can play an important role in living organisms. Alkaloids may have a wide range of pharmacological activities. Many of them have cytotoxic activity. Nowadays, cancer has become a serious public health problem. Searching for effective drugs with anticancer activity is one of the most significant challenges of modern scientific research. The aim of this study was the investigation of cytotoxic activity of extracts obtained from Corydalis lutea root and herb, Dicentra spectabilis root and herb, Fumaria officinalis, Macleaya cordata leaves and herb, Mahonia aquifolia leaves and cortex, Meconopsis cambrica root and herb on FaDu, SCC-25, MCF-7, and MDA-MB-231 cancer cell lines. The cytotoxic activity of these extracts has not been previously tested for these cell lines. The aim was also to quantify selected alkaloids in the investigated extracts by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The analyses of alkaloid content were performed using HPLC in reversed phase (RP) mode using Polar RP column and mobile phase containing acetonitrile, water and ionic liquid (IL). Cytotoxic effect of the tested plant extracts and respective alkaloid standards were examined using human pharyngeal squamous carcinoma cells (FaDu), human tongue squamous carcinoma cells (SCC-25), human breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7), human triple-negative breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MDA-MB-231). All investigated plant extracts possess cytotoxic activity against tested cancer cell lines: FaDu, SCC-25, MCF-7, and MDA-MB-231. The highest cytotoxic activity against FaDu, SCC-25, and MCF-7 cell lines was estimated for Macleaya cordata leaf extract, while the highest cytotoxic activity against MDA-MB-231 cell line was obtained for Macleaya cordata herb extract. Differences in cytotoxic activity were observed for extracts obtained from various parts of investigated plants. In almost all cases the cytotoxic activity of investigated plant extracts, especially at the highest concentration against tested cell lines was significantly higher than the activity of anticancer drug etoposide. Our investigations exhibit that these plant extracts can be recommended for further in vivo experiments to confirm their anticancer activity.
Water Rights and Everyday Ch’ixi Practices in the Barrio El Faro in Medellín, Colombia
Authors: Botero-Mesa María , Roca-Servat Denisse
Published: October 2019

Situated at the margins of the urban–rural perimeter of the city of Medellín in Colombia, El Faro is a neighborhood in constant construction where life flourishes despite limited access to a formal water supply. By means of everyday practices, El Faro’s residents have claimed their right to water and mobilized to defend their self-managed community water supply. This article attempts to understand how these everyday water practices defy mainstream ideas on universal coverage, standardized mechanisms for access to water, and water rights. Based on an interdisciplinary theoretical framework combining political ecology, critical studies of law, and decolonial theory of everyday practice, this study applies an ethnographic approach in an effort to overcome exclusionary binaries in social theory. First, it recognizes the interdependent and bidirectional relationship between society and nature, allowing for the emergence of new ways of understanding water. Second, it challenges monolithic views of power, revealing the coexistence of multiple normative systems that interact with the state and its laws and, thus, the need for new ways of understanding the law. Third, it gives space for the expression of ch’ixi ways of being of those who live on borderlands. For these reasons, this article represents a contribution to the study of how everyday water practices affect equitable access to water and just water governing structures.
Non-Intrusive Underwater Measurement of Local Scour Around a Bridge Pier
Authors: Poggi Davide , Kudryavtseva Natalia O.
Published: October 2019

A non-intrusive low-cost technique for monitoring the temporal and spatial evolution of the scour hole around bridge piers is presented. The setup for the application of the technique is simple, low-cost and non-intrusive. It couples a line laser source and commercial camera to get a fast and accurate measurement of the whole scour hole in the front and behind the bridge pier. A short campaign of measurements of the scour hole around a bridge pier in clear-water conditions is presented to provide a control test and to show how to apply the new method. Finally, the results are compared with two of the most used equations, for the time evolution of the maximum scour depth in clear-water conditions, to show the effectiveness of the proposed technique.
Subirrigation of Container-Grown Tomato I: Decreased Concentration of the Nutrient Solution Sustains Growth and Yield
Authors: García-Santiago Juana Cruz , Valdez-Aguilar Luis Alonso , Cartmill Andrew D. , Cartmill Donita L. , Juárez-López Porfirio , Díaz-Pérez Juan Carlos
Published: October 2019

Subirrigation of containerized vegetable crops is a promising strategy to increase water and fertilizer use efficiency. However, the nutrient solution may cause salts accumulation in the substrate top layer. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of nutrient solution concentration in container-grown tomato under surface drip-irrigation and subirrigation. The plants were irrigated with solutions at concentrations of −0.072, −0.058 and −0.043 MPa (100%, 80% and 60% of Steiner’s nutrient solution, respectively). Except at the highest concentration, the greatest yields occurred in subirrigated (10.6 kg plant−1) compared to drip-irrigated plants (9.5 kg plant−1). In drip-irrigated plants, yield was higher with the highest solution concentration. The increased yield in subirrigated plants at low solution concentrations was related with increased fruit N and Ca content. The higher accumulation of N, P, K and Ca demonstrates that subirrigation allows for increased nutrient use efficiency, particularly when using nutrient solutions of low concentration. Water use efficiency was markedly increased in subirrigated tomato, as 300 to 460 g of fruit L−1 were produced, compared to 50 g L−1 in drip-irrigated plants. Our results indicate that subirrigation is a feasible system for soilless-cultivated tomato provided the nutrient solution is reduced to a 60% of the total concentration.
Unsupervised Bayesian Nonparametric Approach with Incremental Similarity Tracking of Unlabeled Water Demand Time Series for Anomaly Detection
Authors: Chan Teck Kai , Chin Cheng Siong
Published: October 2019

In this paper, a fusion of unsupervised clustering and incremental similarity tracking of hourly water demand series is proposed. Current research using unsupervised methodologies to detect anomalous water is limited and may possess several limitations such as a large amount of dataset, the need to select an optimal cluster number, or low detection accuracy. Our proposed approach aims to address the need for a large amount of dataset by detecting anomaly through (1) clustering points that are relatively similar at each time step, (2) clustering points at each time step by the similarity in how they vary from each time step, and (3) to compare the incoming points with a reference shape for online anomalous trend detection. Secondly, through the use of Bayesian nonparametric approach such as the Dirichlet Process Mixture Model, the need to choose an optimal cluster number is eliminated and provides a subtle solution for ‘reserving’ an empty cluster for the future anomaly. Among the 165 randomly generated anomalies, the proposed approach detected a total of 159 anomalies and other anomalous trends present in the data. As the data is unlabeled, identified anomalous trends cannot be verified. However, results show great potential in using minimally unlabeled water demand data for a preliminary anomaly detection.
EPS, un système d'apprentissage par généralisation et organisation d'une mémoire
Authors: Ferrand P.
Published: October 2019

Cet article présente un système d'apprentissage de plans, par généralisation d'exemples. La généralisation, représentée sous forme d'Unités de Mémoire (UM), regroupe les aspects significatifs analogues des exemples. Un prototype de ce système a été implémenté et appliqué à l'apprentissage de démarches diagnostiques et thérapeutiques à partir d'extraits de dossiers d'hospitalisation.
CALM : Contester pour Apprendre en Logique Modale
Authors: Boucheron Stéphane , Quinqueton J. , Sallantin Jean , Soldano Henry
Published: October 2019

Résumé :

CALM est un système d'apprentissage construit pour permettre un contrôle argumenté de la façon dont un objet vérifie un concept.

La présentation de CALM se fera en trots parties :

I CONTESTER POUR APPRENDRE

2 LE SYSTEME LOGIQUE INDUCTIF DE CALM

3 LES SYSTEMES LOGIQUES ARGUMENTATIFS DE CALM

CALM a été utilisé dans différentes applications er. GEOPHYSIQUE, en BIOLOGIE MOLECULAIRE, en ETHOLOGIE, en RECONNAISSANCE SPECTRALE et en RECONNAISSANCE DE LA PAROLE.

Dans toutes ces applications, l'objectif a été de produire des concepts permettant de généraliser une classe d'exemples, puis de contrôler la qualité de la généralisation produite .
Argumentation d'un apprentissage à l'aide d'expression visuelle
Authors: Barboux Cécile , Liquière Michel , Sallantin Jean
Published: October 2019

Etude et réalisation de mécanismes d'argumentations de décisions . Les connaissances étant extraites è partir d'exemples. Application è un problème d'éthologie.
EFECTO DE LA VARIACIÓN DE LOS COLECTORES Z6, 404 Y 1208 EN LA FLOTACIÓN A GRANEL DE PIRITA Y ARSENOPIRITA AURÍFERA.
Authors: Romero Bonilla Hugo I. , Romero Sagbay Diego A. , Redrovan Pesantez Felipe F.
Published: October 2019

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue determinar la influencia que tuvieron los tipos de mezcla de colectores: (xantato amílico de potasio Z6 colector primario + ditiofosfato 404 colector secundario) y (Z6 + ditiofosfato 1208 colector secundario) a diferentes dosificaciones en la celda de flotación: 100% (normalmente utilizado en el proceso); 50% y 150% en relación al activador CuSO4.5H2O y el espumante 350, en el porcentaje de recuperación de oro. Se utilizaron concentraciones de los colectores secundarios de 10%, y 100% de pureza. También se evaluó el porcentaje de sólidos pulpa del mineral (27%, 30%, 33% y 37%). La recuperación de oro se determinó midiendo su concentración por espectrofotometría de absorción atómica. Se logró determinar que con el 33% de sólidos en la pulpa, existe el mayor porcentaje de recuperación de oro. Así mismo, la sustitución del colector secundario ditiofosfato 404 por el ditiofosfato 1208 proporcionó mejores resultados en la recuperación cuando fueron agregados a las concentraciones de 10% y 100% de pureza. Adicionalmente, se pudo demostrar que con la reducción de la cantidad del colector Z6 y el activador se logró obtener mayor recuperación con el 100% de dosificación, que es lo que normalmente se utiliza en la planta de beneficio donde se realizó la experimentación. Por último, se determinó estadísticamente, que el tipo de colector secundario no influye en el porcentaje de recuperación (p-value >0,05).
Mientras que, sí existe influencia (p-value <0,05) del porcentaje de sólidos en la pulpa en el porcentaje de recuperación de este metal.
TEORÍA FUNCIONAL DE LA DENSIDAD: ESTUDIO ASISTIDO POR COMPUTADORA DE LOS
ESPECTROS DE RMN 1H Y 13C DEL 4-HIDROXI-3-(3’-METIL-2’-BUTENIL)ACETOFENONA AISLADA DE SENECIO GRAVEOLENS Y SU DERIVADO SINTETIZADO POR MICROONDAS, 4’-HIDROXI-3’-(3-METIL-2-BUTENIL)CHALCONA.
Authors: Bravo José A. , Vila José L.
Published: October 2019

Utilizando la teoría funcional de la densidad, se realizó el estudio espectral asistido por computadora de los desplazamientos () químicos de RMN 1H y 13C, y de algunas otras propiedades moleculares de la 4-hidroxi-3-(3-metil-2-butenil)acetofenona 1 y de la 4'-hidroxi-3'-(3-metil-2-butenil)chalcona 2. El compuesto 1 fue aislado en un trabajo previo de las partes áreas de Senecio graveolens y su derivado sintético 2 fue obtenido por irradiación con microondas de 1 con benzaldehído, tal como lo publicaron previamente los autores. Los cálculos arrojaron resultados confiables que están en buena correlación con los datos experimentales. Esta es una buena base para la colaboración entre químicos experimentales y cuánticos. Siguiendo las tendencias actuales en la descripción de datos
de RMN para moléculas pequeñas, para su lectura y almacenamiento de datos de correlación 2D accesibles por computadora y humanos, resumimos los datos experimentales de RMN 1D y 2D de 1 y 2.
VALIDACIÓN DEL MÉTODO ANALÍTICO DE FLUORESCENCIA DE RAYOS X (FRX-ED) PARA LA
DETERMINACIÓN DE METALES EN SUELOS DEL MUNICIPIO DE COLQUENCHA.
Authors: Chambi Tapia Maria Isabel , Cori Mamani Magaly Rosio , Chungara Castro Jorge , Fernandez Alcazar Samuel , Ramos Ramos Oswaldo Eduardo
Published: October 2019

El método analítico por la técnica de Fluorescencia de rayos X con energía dispersiva (FRX-ED) para la determinación de las concentraciones de Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni y Zn, ha sido validado con herramientas estadísticas en muestras de suelos extraídas de calicatas del municipio de Colquencha. La técnica FRX-ED no requiere de tratamiento previo en la preparación de los estándares, de los materiales de referencia ni de las muestras de suelos, las cuales son analizadas en forma de pastillas. La cuantificación de los metales Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni y Zn es determinada a través del software de QXAS y contrastados con el material de referencia certificada SOIL-7 y el material de intercomparación MAPEP-7.
Los parámetros validados para Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni y Zn comparados con SOIL-7 y Ni y Zn comparados con MAPEP-7 que incluyen límite de detección (LOD) y de cuantificación (LOQ) se encuentran dentro de los criterios de aceptación. La reproducibilidad y repetitividad presentan valores de error que están por debajo del 5% para Cu, Mn y Zn, mientras que el Fe muestra valores por debajo del 1%. La exactitud evaluada con la t student (una cola) no presenta diferencia significativa para Cu, Mn y Zn, excepto para el Fe. Los resultados obtenidos por FRX-ED nos muestran que las concentraciones de los metales Cu, Fe, Mn y Zn en los suelos están dentro de los límites máximos permisibles, según los datos reportados en estudios internacionales, habiéndose establecido así, que los suelos del municipio de Colquencha son aptos para su cultivo.
Connections of the Economic, Ecological-Environmental and Social Functions of Rural Development in Communities Bordering the Hortobágy
Authors: Bainé Szabó Bernadett
Published: October 2019

investigated the economic, ecological-environmental and social functions of rural development in communities bordering the Hortobágy National Park, such as in Balmazújváros, Hortobágy, Tiszacsege and Egyek. My purposes focused on four issues: (1) to work out a method on the basis of the examined and cited literatures, which defines the development of communities from economic, ecological and social aspects of rural development; (2) to reflect the changes in the role of agriculture; (3) to analyse the effects, advantages and disadvantages of Hortobágy National Park in relation to the economic, ecological and social lives of the examined communities; and (4) to make an economic analysis on the alternative income sources of Hortobágy, such as rural tourism, herb production and bio-farming in a family farm structure. When measuring the development of the communities I concluded that complex indexes hide the real consideration of the three functions of rural development and the possibility for comparing them on a community level. Furthermore, these 19 indicators are not enough to evaluate the situation, thus I raised the number of indicators and handled them on the basis of the three functions of rural areas. I classified the economic, ecological and social indicators into indicator groups within each functions, which make the determination of causes for underdevelopment possible. While only Tiszacsege and Egyek were considered to be backward on the basis of the complex index of the Hungarian Central Statistical Office, my investigations showed that even Balmazújváros and Hortobágy proved to be lagged behind from both economic and social aspects. The methodical development justified the hypothesis that few indicators are not enough to establish decisions objectively. New developmental orders emerged. Measuring development of communities may be all-rounded and more established by using this new method, which may result in objective preparation of decisions in rural development and more rational spreading of subsidies.
Examination of the Effect of Transaction Costs in the Hungarian Beef Sector
Authors: Bárdos Krisztina
Published: October 2019

technical and economic characteristics, which give rise to high levels of uncertainty and greater control in the supply chain. In order to investigate the role of different transaction costs in marketing behavior, we carried out research in the central region of Hungary among beef retailers and wholesalers. This research is based on primary data collection and examines the motivation of choices in the beef sector on distinction among different marketing channels and the role of transaction costs in procurement. Since this case can be regarded as a qualitative choice situation the hypothesis that transaction cost’s variables are significant is judged by the application of multinomial logit model in order come up with the variables that can influence the supply chain structure and the choice of different marketing channels. This analysis enabled us to explore the structure in data and confirm or reject the expected interrelations of causative variables. Our1 A szerző témavezetője Dr. Fertő Imre.2 A kutatás az OTKA F038082 sz. „Vertikális koordinációs és integrációs modellek az élelmiszer-gazdaságban” c. programja keretében valósult meg.3 A szerző köszöni Dr. Fertő Imrének és Dr. Szabó G. Gábornak, a Magyar Tudományos Akadémia Közgazdaságtudományi Kutatóközpont tudományos főmunkatársainak a kutatás során nyújtott nagy értékű segítséget. results partly support and contradict the basic predictions of transaction cost economics.
The Situation and Prospects of Hungarian Rural Development Preceding EU Accession
Authors: Fürj Zoltán
Published: October 2019

Today’s Hungarian rural development is defined by the fact, that Hungary will be a member state of the European Union from May 1, 2003. Our accession means the end of a long period, and new rural development programs that are going to build on the basic of previously accepted EU standards and experience will highlight the immediate future.From the Hungarian rural development programs I especially dealt with the SAPARD, AVOP and NVT, which in my opinion had and will have the greatest influence on the improvement of the Hungarian county. The AVOP and NVT are still under development (or just submitted to the EU), but their role in the future will be particularly essential, because these programs are going the act as the first programs in Hungary as a member state and a lot will depend on them in the improvement of the rural development.
Effect of Auxin-Synergistic Preparation and Fertilization on Fruit Setting and Fruit Quality ofApple
Authors: Racskó József
Published: October 2019

On seven apple cultivars (Gala Must, Gloster, Granny Smith, Idared, Jonagold, Jonathan Csány and Mutsu), the author studied the influence of N-phenyl-phthalamic acid (Nevirol 60 WP) and fertilization on fruit setting and fruit quality.The research results show that by using Nevirol 60 WP and applying fertilization, we can improve the fruit setting and number of fruit per tree. As a result of this process, the yield amount will increase.Nevirol 60 WP has a great effect on the improvement of yield amount, especially by good nutrient supply. There is a significant difference between the reactions of different cultivars. The most sensitive to these treatments were the cultivar Gala Must and Granny Smith. Before using Nevirol 60 WP we have to take into consideration that the increased yield needs a higher nutrient supply; otherwise, fruit mass, diameter and fruit height will decrease, and the yield will frittered away. In the study, the most favourable effect of Nevirol 60 WP was detected under additionally fertilized conditions by the author.
Approximate Model for Examination of Cone Dispenser Eccentricity
Authors: Hagymássy Zoltán
Published: October 2019

The most important distributing construction of small plot seed-drills, fertiliser dispensers is the cone dispenser. The cone dispenser can operate based on simple gravity or with Oyjord-type cone-cell or Hege-type cone-belt structure. The unevenness of spreading of each type is significantly influenced by the feeding roll above the cone and the misalignment of the cone dispenser. On designing, preparing and setting I realised that this job could be done much faster and more precisely if there would be model for testing the misalignment of the cone dispenser. In my article I will provide information about the essence of the mathematical model and its derivations. For the calculations I prepared a chart program in Microsoft Excel.In order to test the computed model I made experimental examinations. I put together a test bench for the measurements. I revealed that the mathematical model describes the unevenness of spreading caused by misalignment. In addition, I discovered that even a misalignment of 0.25-0.5 mm can be pointed out by measurements and is in proportion to the variety factor determined theoretically.
Memory: I Think, Take a Selfie, Post it on Facebook, Therefore, I am.
Authors: Soares Maraline Aparecida , Nunes Silvia Regina
Published: October 2019

This research aims to discuss how a selfie produces meaning for and through subjects. It is already known that the selfie is an image, and not an oral or written production, but we comprehend that, according to the Discourse Analysis theoretical field, it seeks to comprehend the workings and the production of meaning, considering the constitutive relationship between language, subject and history. Just as with words do not originate in us, since we just reproduce and re-signify them, it is no different with the selfie’s discursive gesture. There is a discursive memory in looking at oneself in order to capture one’s image, be it on screen or through their smartphone. The ritual of the self-portrait is sustained by and in this memory. A process of re-significance of the practice of self-registry determines the selfie’s productions of meaning, which relates to the ideological conjuncture of the production conditions of the digital discourse. Furthermore, we present how the social networks call on the subjects for massive productions of selfies, in order to maintain their profiles in the limelight, through the ideological notion of consumption and circulation.
Programas de Leitura: Ações Políticas, Contradições, Fragilidades e Silenciamentos
Authors: Ens Romilda Teodora , Bueno Edina Dayane de Lara , Costa Célia Souza da , Nagel Jaqueline Salanek de Oliveira
Published: October 2019

O artigo apresenta uma análise das políticas de incentivo à leitura no Brasil em seus desdobramentos e no que atendem a recomendações de organismosinternacionais, para programas de leitura no Brasil, a partir de pesquisa qualitativa, do tipo descritivo e documental, à luz de aportes teóricos e legais quesubsidiam reflexões acerca das prioridades, orientações e programas de governo subjacentes à formação de leitores. Entre os principais resultados, destacamos: as influências dos organismos internacionais quanto à propositura de programas; à falta de acompanhamento processual do PNBE o que ocasionou fragilidades quanto ao cumprimento de seus objetivos; aos silenciamentos que permearam o PNBE e o futuro dos Programas do Livro do FNDE/MEC. Evidenciamos a necessidade de mais estudos que reflitam criticamente sobre as influências internacionais, do capital e das forças opostas na ocorrência de programas de fomento a leitura e da implantação de bibliotecas escolares.