bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identifikasi Adaptasi Psikologis Masyarakat Lombok Tengah Pada Era New Normal
Authors: Purqoti Dewi Nur Sukma , Oktaviana Elisa , Amrullah Muhammad
Published: February 2022

WabahÂ  Covid-19 di Indonesia telah berlangsung selama kurun waktu kurang lebih empat bulan. Berbagai kebijakan telah diterapkan oleh pemerintah untuk mengatasi pandemi ini, mulai dari penerapan sosial distancing, physical distancing, menghimbau masyarakat agar selalu menggunakan masker saat keluar rumah, meliburkan sekolah dan tempat kerja, pembatasan kegiatan keagamaan dan pembatasan kegiatan di area publik, hingga pembatasan sosial berskala besar. Berbagai dampak yang dirasakan oleh masyarakat baik secara kesehatan, sosial, ekonomi, pendidikan, politik dan pembangunan, hal itulah kemudian yang membuat terjadi tekanan psikologis pada masyarakat Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran adaptasi psikologis masyrakat Lombok tengah pada era new normal, penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Dari hasil penelitian Rata-rata responden dalam penelitian ini berusia 18 sampai dengan 55 tahun, jenis kelamin mayoritas laki-laki sebanyak 34 orang (63%), pendidikan terbanyak adalahÂ  Perguruan Tinggi sejumlah 27 orang (50%),Â  sebagian besar bekerja sebagai Wiraswasta sejumlah 31 orang (57,4%), status pernikahan mayoritas dalam kategori kawin 31 orang (57,4%) dan Rata-rata responden dalam penelitian ini mempunyai kemampuan adaptasi psikologisÂ  dalam kategori adaptif sebanyak 48 orang (88,9%).
Analisis Implementasi Kebijakan Program Penanggulangan Stunting Terintegrasi Di Kabupaten Lombok Utara
Authors: Hermawati Hermawati , Sastrawan Sastrawan
Published: February 2022

Interventions for reducing stunting with various programs at the administrative level are very weak, so it is necessary to describe an analysis of the implementation of policies for the integrated stunting reduction program in Kabupaten Lombok Utara in 2020. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative research, while the data sources in this study are the Health Office, Regional Secretariat, Regional Development Planning Agency, Population Control Office, Family Planning, Community and Village Empowerment (DP2KBPMD) North Lombok Regency. Furthermore, the purpose of this research is how to implement an integrated stunting prevention program policy in North Lombok Regency. Based on the results of the analysis and discussion above, it can be concluded that the integrated stunting management program has not been fully implemented due to the many technical problems that occurred during the implementation of program activities in each OPD in the field.
Hubungan Pola Makan Dengan Status Gizi Ibu Hamil Trimester III di Puskesmas Kuta Kecamatan Pujut Kabupaten Lombok Tengah
Authors: Ningsih Hasrun , Sustiyani Elly , Ningsih Nining Fatria , Khairani Fuji , Maryam Siti
Published: February 2022

Status gizi yang buruk pada ibu hamil bisa juga menyebabkan anemia yaitu suatu keadaan dimana kadar hemoglobin lebih rendah dari keadaan normal, dikatakan sebagai anemia bila keadaan hemoglobin kurang dari 11 gram %. Anemia pada ibu hamil akan menambah resiko kelahiran bayi dengan Berat Badan Lahir Rendah (BBLR). Selain itu juga, anemia bisa menyebabkan resiko perdarahan sebelum dan pada saat persalinan yang dapat menyebabkan angka kematian ibu dan bayi. Tujuan penelitian adalah Penelitian ini di lakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan pola makan denganÂ  status gizi pada ibu hamil trimester III yang berkunjung di Puskesmas Kuta. Metode penelitian jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional yang bersifatÂ  analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional, yaitu suatu penelitian untuk mempelajari dinamika korelasi antara pengetahuan dengan minat, dengan cara pendekatan, observasi atau pengumpulan data sekaligus pada suatu saat Populasi adalah keseluruhan objek penelitian atau objek yang diteliti 54 ibu hamil dan sampelnya Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah ibu hamil TrimesterÂ  III. Hasil uji statistic dari hasil penelitian menyebutkan bahwa adahubunganÂ  antara pola makan dengan status gizi ibu hamil trismester III dengan nilai p 0,001 < 0,05. Kesimpulannya bahwa Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pola makan dengan status gizi ibu hamil trismester III.
Faktor-Faktor yang Berpengaruh Terhadap Terjadinya Aterosklerosis pada Pasien Rawat Jalan di RSU Karya Dharma Husada Bros Singaraja
Authors: Setiawati Setiawati , Swastini Dewa Ayu , Jaya Made Krisna Adi
Published: February 2022

Penyakit jantung koroner (PJK) merupakan salah satu bentuk penyakit kardiovaskular yang menjadi penyebab kematian nomor satu di dunia. Tujuan penelitan ini untuk mengetahui faktor risiko yang berpengaruh terhadap kejadian aterosklerosis pada pasien rawat jalan di RSU Karya Dharma Husada Bros Singaraja. penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional (non-eksperimental) dengan metode cross-sectional, dan penarikan subjek penelitian secara purposive sampling. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 96 pasien yang telah memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan tidak memenuhi kriteria eksklusi. Analisa data dilakukan secara deskriptif untuk melihat karakteristik masing-masing variabel yang diteliti. Uji Chi-Square dilakukan untuk mempelajari korelasi antara kejadian aterosklerosis dengan faktor risiko.
Kepatuhan Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe II mengenai Pola Diet di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Penujak Lombok Tengah
Authors: Syam Nia , Andi Muhammad Alwi , Furqoti Dwi Nur Sukma
Published: February 2022

Penyakit masyarakat yang terus mengalami peningkatan setiap tahunnya dan menjadi salah satu ancaman kematian di dunia adalah Diabetes Melitus. Kepatuhan diet pasien Diabetes Melitus sangat berperan penting untuk menstabilkan kadar glukosa darah, sedangkan kepatuhan itu sendiri merupakan suatu hal yang penting untuk dapat mengembangkan rutinitas (kebiasaan) yang dapat membantu penderita dalam mengikuti jadwal diet. Berdasarkan hasil laporan tahunan Dinas Kesehatan NTB mengalami peningkatan yang cukup pesan dan berdasarkan data yang didapakan bahwa terjadi peningkatan kejadian Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Penujak. Menurut asumsi peneliti angka kejadian Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Penujak mengalami peningkatan dikarenakan dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa responden banyak yang tidak melakukan kontrol secara rutin dan masih banyak yang kurang patuh terhadap pemenuhan jadwal makan yang tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kepatuhan diet penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Penujak Lombok Tengah. Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 81 responden dengan teknik purposive sampling. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan crosssectional. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu kuesioner kepatuhan penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 mengenai pola diet. Analisis univariat dilakukan dengan cara mencari distribusi frekuensi setiap variabel penelitian untuk mengetahui proporsi atau gambaran dari variabel penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan gambaran kepatuhan diet didapatkan responden dengan kategori cukup patuh sebanyak 72 responden (88,9%). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dibutuhkan program puskesmas dan edukasi yang lebih optimal lagi agar dapat meningkatkan kepatuhan diet dalam kategori yang baik dan menurunkan angka kejadian Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2. Keluarga dapat melakukan pendampingan dan perhatian agarpenderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 semangat dalam melakukan pengobatan secara teratur dan diharapkan keluarga dapat mendampingi dalam mengatur pola makan lansia agar lebih patuh lagi.
КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНЫЙ ПОДХОД К РАЗРАБОТКЕ МЕТОДОВ ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЯ ОПТИМАЛЬНОГО ВРЕМЕНИ РАБОТЫ ДОЛОТА
Authors:   доктор технических наук, профессор, https://orcid.org/ 0000-0003- 4707-3322, Ратов Б.T. , Сарбопеева М.Д. ,   доктор PhD, ассоц. профессор, https://orcid.org/ 0000-0003- 1721-119х, Тогашева А.Р. ,   кандидат технических наук, ассоц. профессор, https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002- 5615-2711, Баямирова Р.У. ,   кандидат технических наук, ассоц. профессор, https://orcid.org/ 0000-0003- 1588-3144
Published: February 2022

В статье приводятся последовательность и результаты анализа геолого-технологической информации о бурении скважин, показаны пути принятия концептуального решения по выбору наилучших типов долот и режимных параметров. При этом используется два критерия: рейсовая скорость и стоимость метра проходки с применением положений теории нечётких множеств. Результаты выполненных исследований при наличии предварительных показателей работы долота, позволяющих строить в различной степени однотипные математические модели, принимаются как базовые с возможностью развития. Однако при конкретных геологических условиях практическое применение этих моделей было затруднено вследствие специфических особенностей рассматриваемых условий, различного рода неопределенностей, неоднородности геологического разреза. Последнее обусловило необходимость расчленения геологических разрезов методами математической статистики на пачки одинаковыми категориями буримости горных пород.
Király Tibor (1920–2021)
Authors: Finszter Géza
Published: February 2022

On December 28, 2021, academician Tibor Király, an internationally renowned scientist, Széchenyi Prize awarded university professor, professor of criminal procedure law, and one of the most prestigious cultivators in the field of criminal sciences, has deceased. He obtained his legal qualification in Bratislava during the Second World War and his second degree in Budapest in 1948.
On the Formation of Solar Wind and Switchbacks, and Quiet Sun Heating
Authors: Upendran Vishal , Tripathi Durgesh
Published: February 2022

The solar coronal heating in quiet Sun (QS) and coronal holes (CHs), including solar wind formation, are intimately tied by magnetic field dynamics. Thus, a detailed comparative study of these regions is needed to understand the underlying physical processes. CHs are known to have subdued intensity and larger blueshifts in the corona. This work investigates the similarities and differences between CHs and QS in the chromosphere using the Mg ii h and k, C ii line, and transition region using Si iv line, for regions with identical absolute magnetic flux density (∣B∣). We find CHs to have subdued intensity in all of the lines, with the difference increasing with line formation height and ∣B∣. The chromospheric lines show excess upflows and downflows in CH, while Si iv shows excess upflows (downflows) in CHs (QS), where the flows increase with ∣B∣. We further demonstrate that the upflows (downflows) in Si iv are correlated with both upflows and downflows (only downflows) in the chromospheric lines. CHs (QS) show larger Si IV upflows (downflows) for similar flows in the chromosphere, suggesting a common origin to these flows. These observations may be explained due to impulsive heating via interchange (closed-loop) reconnection in CHs (QS), resulting in bidirectional flows at different heights, due to differences in magnetic field topologies. Finally, the kinked field lines from interchange reconnection may be carried away as magnetic field rotations and observed as switchbacks. Thus, our results suggest a unified picture of solar wind emergence, coronal heating, and near-Sun switchback formation.
Electron-scale Current Layers in the Martian Magnetotail: Spatial Scaling and Properties of Embedding
Authors: Grigorenko E. E. , Zelenyi L. M. , Shuvalov S. D. , Malova H. V. , Dubinin E.
Published: February 2022

Current sheets (CSs) are widespread objects in space plasma capable of storing and, then, explosively releasing the accumulated magnetic energy. In planetary magnetotails the cross-tail CS plays an important role in the global dynamics of the tail and in the transformation of the magnetic energy into the kinetic and thermal energies of the ambient plasma. We have analyzed 114 crossings of the cross-tail CS by the MAVEN spacecraft at X
MSO ∼ [−1.0, −2.8]R
M. Magnetic field observations with high time resolution allowed the observation of the inner superthin CS (STCS) with a half-thickness L
STCS ∼ (1–100)ρ
e (ρ
e is the gyroradius of thermal electrons) in 75 intervals of the CS crossings from our database. The STCS was embedded into a thicker ion-scale CS and provides 10%–50% of the total current density in the cross-tail CS. Our analysis has shown that the observed L
STCS and the embedding parameter, σ
emb, characterizing the contribution of the STCS to the total current density in the CS are well described by the novel analytical kinetic model of a multilayered CS with an inner embedded electron-scale layer: L
STCS∼ (0.9–1.2)λ and σ
emb ∼ (0.9–1.2) σ
model, where the universal spatial scaling λ ∼ δ

i

2/ρ

P
and the embedding parameter σ
model ∼ δ

i
/ρ

P
are determined by the local ion inertial length (δ

i
) and gyroradius of thermal protons (ρ

P
) in the STCS.
Hydroxychloroquine shortened hospital stay and reduced intensive care unit admissions in hospitalized COVID-19 patients
Authors: Omma Ahmet , Erden Abdulsamet , Apaydin Hakan , Aslan Meryem , Çamlı Hüseyin , Şahiner Enes Seyda , Güven Serdar Can , Armağan Berkan , Karaahmetoğlu Selma , Ates Ihsan , Kucuksahin Orhan
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Effectiveness of hydroxychloroquine against SARS-CoV-2 has been highly controversial. In our research, we aimed to investigate the effects of hydroxychloroquine on disease outcomes in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

Methodology: A total of 393 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were retrospectively assigned to the standard of care therapy group (n = 180) or the standard of care plus hydroxychloroquine group (n = 213). The standard of care therapy comprised favipiravir, low molecular weight heparin, acetylsalicylic acid. Status of oxygenation at baseline and on the seventh day, laboratory tests at baseline and at discharge were recorded. Length of hospital stay, administration of anti-inflammatory treatment, admission to the intensive care unit and 28th day mortality were set as primary endpoints.

Results: There were no statistically significant differences between groups in terms of oxygen delivery route and mortality after seven days of treatment (p = 0.592). C-reactive protein levels of the standard of care plus hydroxychloroquine group were significantly lower than that of the standard of care group at discharge (p = 0.034). Patients in the standard of care plus hydroxychloroquine group had shorter hospital stay (p = 0.007). The standard of care plus hydroxychloroquine group was favored over standard of care group in terms of rate of intensive care unit admissions (21.7% vs. 10.8%; relative risk with 95% CI = 0.49 [0.31-0.80], p = 0.003).

Conclusions: Hydroxychloroquine in addition to standard of care was associated with less intensive care unit admissions, early discharge and greater C-reactive protein reduction. There was no difference in 28-day mortality.
Analysis and modeling of COVID-19 epidemic dynamics in Saudi Arabia using SIR-PSO and machine learning approaches
Authors: Zrieq Rafat , Boubaker Sahbi , Kamel Souad , Alzain Mohamed , Algahtani Fahad D.
Published: February 2022

Introduction: COVID-19 has become a global concern because it has extensive damage to health, social and economic systems worldwide. Consequently, there is an urgent need to develop tools to understand, analyze, monitor and control further outbreaks of the disease.

Methodology: The Susceptible Infected Recovered-Particle SwarmOptimization model and the feed-forward artificial neural network model were separately developed to model COVID-19 dynamics based on daily time-series data reported by the Saudi authorities from March 2, 2020 to February 21, 2021. The collected data were divided into training and validation datasets. The effectiveness of the investigated models was evaluated by using various performance metrics. The Susceptible-Infected-Recovered-Particle-Swarm-Optimization model was found to well predict the cumulative infected and recovered cases and to optimally tune the contact rate and the characteristic duration of the illness. The feed-forward artificial neural network model was found to be efficient in modeling daily new and cumulative infections, recoveries and deaths.

Results: The forecasts provided by the investigated models had high coefficient of determination values of more than 0.97 and low mean absolute percentage errors (around 7% on average).

Conclusions: Both the Susceptible-Infected-Recovered-Particle-Swarm-Optimization and feed-forward artificial neural network models were efficient in modeling COVID-19 dynamics in Saudi Arabia. The results produced by the models can help the Saudi health authorities to analyze the virus dynamics and prepare efficient measures to control any future occurrence of the epidemic.
Bacteriostatic effect of Echeveria extracts on diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes and non-cytotoxicity on human Caco-2 cells
Authors: Olivas-Quintero Sandra , Bernal-Reynaga Rodolfo , Lopez-Saucedo Catalina , Maldonado-Puga Samantha , Díaz-Camacho Sylvia Paz , Uribe-Carvajal Salvador , Delgado-Vargas Francisco , Estrada-Garcia Teresa
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli pathotypes are important aetiological agents of diarrhoeal illness among children from less developed areas, worldwide. Diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes strains are increasingly becoming drug resistant, thus effective and accessible therapeutic alternatives are required for their treatment; herbal extracts may be a potential alternative. Aims: to evaluate Echeveria craigiana, E. kimnachii, and E. subrigida methanol extracts antibacterial effect on six diarrheagenic E. coli reference strains and on human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells viability and cytokine production.

Methodology: Diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes reference strains: typical enteropathogenic E2348/69, enterotoxigenic H10407, enterohaemorrhagic O157:H7/EDL933, enteroinvasive E11, diffusely adherent C18451-A, and enteroaggregative 042 E. coli. E craigiana, E. kimnachii, and E. subrigida leaves, collected at Sinaloa, Mexico, were freeze-dried and macerated in methanol solvent. Antibacterial activity was determined by a novel method developed in our laboratory, bacterial oxygen consumption by polarographic oxygen electrode technique and membrane integrity by two methods (live/dead and protein leakage assays). Colorectal adenocarcinoma cells viability by MTT assay and cytokine production using a Cytometric Bead Array kit.

Results: Extracts concentrations of 100 μg/mL and 5-hour incubation, reduced more than 93% the growth of all diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes tested strains and significantly decreased bacterial oxygen consumption, like bacteriostatic antibiotics. After 24-hour incubation methanol extracts had a differential antibacterial effect on each diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes strain. Echeveria extracts did not have any effect on viability and cytokine production of colorectal adenocarcinoma cells.

Conclusions: Echeveria methanol extracts have a bacteriostatic effect on all diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes strains, thus potentially they could be used as antibacterial agents on diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes-contaminated products and on patients with diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes infections.
A new species of Pholcus yichengicus species-group (Araneae, Pholcidae) from Hebei Province, China
Authors: Lu Ying , Yao Zhiyuan , He Qiaoqiao
Published: February 2022

The Pholcus yichengicus species-group currently contains 37 species. It is distributed in central and south-eastern China and Thailand, except for P. guani Song & Ren, 1994 from Liaoning Province, north-eastern China and P. clavatus Schenkel, 1936 which is widely distributed in the country.

Pholcus bajia sp. nov. is described as a new species of the P. yichengicus species-group collected from Hebei Province, China.
Projet de recherche sur l’intérêt des interactions de tutelle dans une situation d’apprentissage avec un enfant autiste
Authors: Binisti Patrick
Published: February 2022

Rencontrer l’enfant, lui accorder la place de sujet, lui permettre de coconstruire la séance. Comment cela pourrait-il être possible avec un élève présentant un tsa  ? Les travaux de J.S. Bruner (1915-2016) sur les interactions de tutelle peuvent nous aider à esquisser une réponse. En observant les actions de l’enfant qui cherche à résoudre une tâche, l’adulte essaie de l’amener vers la réussite en intervenant ponctuellement et de façon très précise dans le processus de résolution. Cette action se nomme : étayage . L ’étayage n’est pas réductible à une aide car il opère des réductions de complexité dans la résolution de problème auquel est confronté l’enfant. L’ étayage n’autorise ni de faire à la place de l’enfant, ni de simplifier la complexité inhérente au problème posé. Notre recherche porte sur les conditions de transfert et les aménagements des interactions de tutelle et donc des actions d’étayage dans une pédagogie en direction des élèves autistes. Autrement dit, quelles sont, dans le cadre d’une situation d’apprentissage, les conditions de mise en œuvre des interactions de tutelle permettant l’émergence, le développement et le maintien des procédures cognitives nécessaires aux apprentissages ?
Relocalisation d’une activité sportive « traditionnelle » : altération ou renforcement identitaire ? Le cas du va’a, la pirogue polynésienne, en Bretagne
Authors: Camus-Le Pape Malo
Published: February 2022

La pratique du va’a, pirogue traditionnelle polynésienne, progresse depuis quelques années en Bretagne. L’objectif de ce travail est de s’intéresser à ce développement sur le territoire breton avec la question de la sportivisation de l’activité, rattachée à la Fédération française de canoë kayak, pour interrogation centrale. Cette sportivisation provoque-t-elle une altération des symboles identitaires originellement liés à la pirogue ou, a contrario, un maintien exacerbé ? Nous verrons que le développement du va’a en Bretagne se fait selon des modalités diverses en fonction des acteurs, des lieux et des motivations de pratique notamment
La gamification du sport. L’expérience croisée du pratiquant et du spectateur connectés à l’espace de jeu
Authors: Schoeny Alain , Chaboche José
Published: February 2022

La gamification transpose des éléments de jeu dans l’espace sportif selon trois marqueurs : autonomisation, enrichissement et ludification . Les villes misent sur ces tendances actuelles de consommation de loisirs hyper-connectés, individualisés et personnalisés. L’article traite donc des modalités de production et d’usage des espaces et services sportifs gamifiés par des dispositifs connectés. Éléments théoriques, pratiques et méthodologiques arment deux études de cas typiques (parcours running d’Orléans et stade Allianz Riviera de Nice) qui montrent que la pertinence et l’efficience des aménagements réalisés sont liées aux attentes, à l’appropriation et à la valeur ajoutée que leur accordent les utilisateurs.
La glorification des valeurs et de l’ordre bourgeois dans les séries télévisuelles The Paradise et Mr Selfridge
Authors: Denis Philippe
Published: February 2022

L’engouement qu’ont rencontré The Paradise et Mr Selfridge , deux séries télévisuelles se rapportant à l’avènement des grands magasins, premier symbole d’une démocratisation du luxe moderne, soulève une interrogation quant à savoir si elles ont comblé autant les attentes et les désirs des propriétaires de ces établissements que ceux du public. En effet, si dans la société hypermoderne une valorisation du passé par la nostalgie se développe, ce qui fait apparaître des liens entre l’ancien et l’actuel, cette réflexion permet de questionner la mise en relief dans ces séries des valeurs qui ont permis la montée de la bourgeoisie et des capitaux qui la caractérisent, tout en offrant une part de rêves. Ainsi, cet article cherche à démontrer que ces éléments sont toujours au centre des préoccupations sociales, d’où leur mise en relief au gré des épisodes.
Westworld : un abrégé incisif de sociologie de la souffrance
Authors: Ralambosoa Maharisoa
Published: February 2022

Cet article dissèque la première saison de Westworld relativement à un leitmotiv lancinant qui revient tout au long de la série par-delà la trame faustienne de l’intelligence artificielle : le thème de la souffrance. De sa dramaturgie sociale à sa distribution collective et individuelle en passant par son appropriation individuelle à des fins identitaires, la souffrance assure une fonction dialectique de premier rang dans le blockbuster labyrinthique de HBO, reflétant de grandes notions de sociologie de la souffrance. Les allusions à notre modernité dolente et « désenchantée » (Jean Foucart) y sont plus qu’évidentes, entre impératif d’être soi, déliaison généralisée et menaces de fractures sociales inédites relatives à l’essor de l’intelligence artificielle. Autant de correspondances mises en évidence à l’intérieur de notre contribution qui a décidé d’insister sur un aspect moins évoqué de la série et sur ses corollaires théoriques.
Après ce long cauchemar : voyage au centre du labyrinthe. Hétéronomie, écritures biographiques et esthétiques contemporaines
Authors: Pepino Immacolata
Published: February 2022

Le but de cet article est d’essayer de comprendre comment la sociologie peut tirer parti d’outils issus de domaines de production intellectuelle autres que la connaissance scientifique. En accordant une attention particulière à la littérature et aux séries télévisées, nous proposons une comparaison avec l’artifice compositionnel sophistiqué de l’hétéronyme – considéré sous les différentes formes qu’il a prises depuis le début des années 2000 – afin de souligner comment cela s’inscrit dans le débat plus large sur l’utilisation des récits pour la recherche sociale développé au cours des dernières décennies. Le but ultime de cet article est donc de démontrer comment cet artifice narratif permet de repenser les catégories propres à la sociologie à partir d’un des concepts fondateurs de la discipline : celui de l’identité.
Médiologie et humanité. Archéologie et scénario du métavers : théorie des médias et avenir des langages numériques
Authors: Bovalino Guerino Nuccio , Guglielmo Stefania
Published: February 2022

Ce travail vise à rappeler certaines des principales réflexions de la théorie des médias de Walter Benjamin, avec une référence particulière aux intuitions du philosophe sur le rôle de la photographie et de l’art cinématographique. À partir de cette référence, l’objectif du texte est d’avancer un raisonnement sur la relation entre la médiologie et l’humanité à la lumière des changements de l’environnement numérique contemporain. L’attention est particulièrement portée sur le projet Meta présenté par Mark Zuckerberg, reconnu comme un cas emblématique du passage d’un réseau conçu comme un lieu de citoyenneté de l’obscène et de l’irrégulier à un réseau devenu une forme extrême d’institutionnalisation.
A KAM theorem for quasi-periodic non-twist mappings and its application
Authors: Ma Zhichao , Xu Junxiang
Published: February 2022

In this paper we consider quasi-periodic non-twist mappings with self-intersection property, which depend on a small parameter. Without assuming any twist condition, we prove that for many sufficiently small parameters the mapping admits an invariant curve. As application, we use this result to study Lagrange stability of second order systems.
Oil Price Shocks and Income Inequality
Authors: Sheng Xin , Gupta Rangan
Published: February 2022

This study, using the local projections, investigates linear and nonlinear impulse responses of the United States (US) household income inequality to oil price shocks. Oil price shocks are disaggregated according to the origin to test the dynamic response of income inequality to oil price structural shocks which are contingent on the status of oil dependence in individual US states. The results, based on the linear projection model, show that oil supply shocks lead to higher income inequality in the short term, but lower-income inequality in the medium and long terms. Moreover, economic activity shocks and oil inventory demand shocks mainly exert negative impacts on income inequality over time. Both positive and negative effects of oil consumption demand shocks on income inequality are observed. The nonlinear impulse response results reveal some evidence of heterogeneous responses of income inequality to oil price shocks between high- and low-oil-dependent US states.
FDI and the Gap of Clean Power Finance
Authors: Rashed Ahmed , Chen Chen Yong , Soon Siew-Voon
Published: February 2022

Twin deficits in energy and financing are extensively detrimental in Africa which in turn entails foreign direct investment (FDI) to be effectively promoted. This study intends to examine the determinants of FDI in the clean power industry in Africa over the period 2003-2019. By using a robust model of FDI panel gravity fixed effects Poisson pseudo-maximum likelihood, a range of encouraging and reassuring results are found. Importantly, enhancing the awareness of the importance of renewable energy robustly attracts FDI in Africa. Moreover, as anticipated, geographical distance is not the main factor in influencing the decision made by foreign investors. Moving forward, improving renewable energy education with the timely availability of data promotes awareness in society and thus may facilitate the development of the clean power industry in Africa in the near future.
Recent Trends in Global Security
Authors: S. Kannadhasan , R. Nagarajan , M. Shanmuganantham
Published: February 2022

With the emergence of the digital economy and an ever-increasing percentage of consumers conducting their business mostly from online or mobile devices, electronic shopping, or e-commerce, is fast being recognized as the way to go global at the click of a button. As a consequence, any modern company's ability to create a viable e-commerce model is becoming extremely significant. To secure themselves and their clients, an organization must overcome current security issues to ensure that the highest levels of e-commerce security are maintained. Failure to follow stringent ecommerce security procedures will result in the destruction of data, the compromise of transaction documents, and the leak of the customer's financial information. This will lead to legal and financial repercussions, as well as a negative image for the company. Cloud networking, web computing, e-commerce, net banking, and other cutting-edge technology also need a high degree of protection. Since these instruments hold personal information regarding a human, their security has become a top priority.
Climate Change as a Common Enemy
Authors: Norouzi Nima
Published: February 2022

New paradigm and military and hardware variables and political, economic, socio-cultural, and environmental components are considered factors that can act as a threat to the international security. Climate change is one of the most important and complex international challenges in the age of globalization. These small changes in global warming could pose a potential risk to global climate change. Our lives today depend on climate change. In the international arena, the effects of these threats are gradually observed in the relations between the countries. The Darfur War, for example, can be considered the first conflict in the field of climate change. In addition to social tensions, these threats will lead to political unrest and violent conflicts. This issue is recognized as a threat to international peace and security beyond the international agendas in the framework of the UN Framework Convention and the Secretary-General's follow-up and United Nation Bureau of Climate Change.
The Branding of Political Leaders
Authors: Djakeli Kakhaber
Published: February 2022

This chapter explores the success secrets of political figures, described by the matrix of brand awareness and a positive image. The leaders became famous in the political scene, geniuses, or felt the time and changed themselves according to the time. Can we explore their secrets of success? According to the hypothesis of the research, all is learnable, and the answer is, yes, we can. According to the theory of the matrix of brand awareness and a positive image, we can guess what should be done to become stronger politicians and when to start new performance in the market of politics.
Information-Cyberspace Operations in Real-World Politics
Authors: Malvenishvili Mari
Published: February 2022

The chapter explores the concept of information and cyber operations. It identifies the role of cyberspace operations in modern military conflicts and addresses Western and Russian strategic approaches of using cyberspace as an emerging platform of modern warfighting. Since the end of the 19th century, the world entered the information age in which distribution of power is mostly dependent on the amount of information a state owns and knowledge of tools and tricks to use it. Information superiority is a power element and vulnerability at the same time. With the technological revolution, creation, distribution, and usage of information was simplified, but securing of created and distributed information became more difficult. Information itself can be used in different ways, starting from simple communication to military operations. Considering the fact that ‘military power alone is insufficient to achieve sustainable political objectives', information operations and employment of information capabilities has been included at all stages of modern military operations.
Artificial Intelligence in European Urban Governance
Authors: Ajuriaguerra Escudero Miguel Angel , Abdiu Majlinda
Published: February 2022

Cities reflect the social, political, and technological evolution of humanity. The implementation of new technologies in urban areas facilitate these changes. For that reason, decision-making processes in urban management have changed significantly in recent decades. At present, artificial intelligence and the supporting data infrastructures represent a new urban paradigm where city governance must attend to proper urban development while considering its citizens' opinions. However, AI requires continuous data collection to feed the algorithms. Collecting this data may raise privacy issues that vulnerate citizens' rights and personal data. Even if Europe and its member states possess highly protective privacy laws, this is still a significant concern for many citizens in urban decision-making processes. This chapter collects the European legal framework regarding AI data infrastructures and the European Green Deal to measure their potential impact on urban transformation. Also, the relationship between fundamental urban principles and the city-governance are analysed.
Main Government-Related Data Extraction Techniques
Authors: González-Padilla Paula , Fernández López Ana , Lacárcel Francisco J. S.
Published: February 2022

In this digital computer-based ecosystem, governments use mechanisms of data extraction which are barely identified by citizens. Therefore, among the data extracted from institutional e-platforms, computer-based transactions play an important role in this process. This research study aims to shed light on the data mining techniques used by governments and public institutions, identify which are the most commonly used, and expose the privacy risks they may pose to citizens. The chapter is made through a systematic literature review with two main keywords: “big data” and “government.” This study intends to answer the following research questions: What are the key techniques used by governments to extract data? May these tools pose risks to citizens?
A Public Values Perspective on the Application of Artificial Intelligence in Government Practices
Authors: Madan Rohit , Ashok Mona
Published: February 2022

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) by governments represents a radical transformation of governance, which has the potential for a lean government to provide personalised services that are efficient and cost-effective. This represents the next frontier of digital-era governance (DEG), which is an extension of the traditional bureaucratic model representing digital manifestations of instrumental rationality. However, the use of AI also introduces new risks and ethical challenges (such as biased data, fairness, transparency, the surveillance state, and citizen behavioural control) that need to be addressed by governments. This chapter critiques DEG enabled by AI. The authors argue for adopting a public values perspective for managing AI ethical dilemmas. Through a cross-case analysis of 30 government AI implementations, four primary AI use cases are outlined. Furthermore, a conceptual model is developed that identifies relationships between AI ethical principles and public values as drivers of AI adoption by citizens. Finally, six propositions are outlined for future research.
The Role of AI in a Security and Population Control System
Authors: Madueño Miguel , Illanas Luis
Published: February 2022

In this chapter, the authors analyse the Chinese social credit system and its impact and implementation on Western democratic systems to address the challenges posed by terrorist threats and social tensions. The case around which this chapter is structured is the Chinese social credit, projected in a short period of time to other countries. This analysis focuses on the motivations that lead China to develop and implement this system and the type of policies pursued around social credit. The authors also analyse the tools on which it is based and the debate that the implementation of a system of population control of these dimensions brings about.
A Teaching Guide for the Use of Artificial Intelligence Tools at Universities
Authors: Saura José Ramón
Published: February 2022

Universities have adapted their teaching systems to integrate new educational techniques focused on technology and education as fundamental pillars of their development. This chapter proposes the analysis of the fields that encompass the use of artificial intelligence in universities using teaching innovation strategies. The chapter identifies the skills and examples that teachers should understand in order to use artificial intelligence to improve their teaching methods. With this objective, seven interviews have been carried out with university professors in which they explain the use of artificial intelligence and the need to acquire technical knowledge relative to teaching innovation. The results of the research present the main uses and the knowledge needed for university teachers to be able to carry out teaching innovation tasks using artificial intelligence. Finally, implications for university-industry and university teachers are discussed.
A Systematic Literature Review of Contingency Distance Teaching and Learning in the Time of Crisis
Authors: Karrar Azza Zeinelabdin , Merghani Suhaila Abdalla
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this chapter is to examine the transition from traditional teaching and learning methods that rely heavily on face-to-face interaction inside lecture rooms to online distance learning in the context of the pandemic. The existing literature is systematically reviewed using the guidelines for conducting systematic information system (IS) literature reviews, with the assistance of NVivo. Diverse experiences navigating the contingency transition to distance learning in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. The review's findings are presented in the form of various figures, tables, and graphs. It makes comparisons between the included studies' objectives, methodology, theory application, findings, perspective, and context. Additionally, the analysis compares the findings from prepared (in terms of infrastructure and training) and unprepared implementation cases. This chapter is expected to guide decision-makers in developing strategic action plans to enhance the online learning experience for instructors, students, and institutions as a whole during a crisis situation.
Innovation Process for Problem Conceptualization
Authors: Andrews Sharon
Published: February 2022

This paper presents a process designed to enable the injection of innovation and creativity into problem-solving and solution conceptualization of product development. The process can be used to enable teams and organizations to foster and inject creativity and innovation into a product development team, unit, or organization seeking unique and effective solutions to both old and new problems. The process requires transformational thinking that is a byproduct of following process steps that utilize reframing and re-scaffolding of understandings using metaphors and renaming, resulting in a set of solution-specific needs. Use of the process encourages the use of new and transformational ways through which to view a problem and drive potentially more successful outcomes. Specifically, the innovation process for problem conceptualization (IPPC) consists of three main steps—viewpoint analysis, spiral loop reframing, and transformational renaming—which are described in the context of an example problem.
Trasformazioni socio-culturali della famiglia e comportamenti relativi alla procreazione
Authors: Donati Pierpaolo
Published: February 2022

L'Autore prende in esame le trasformazioni socio-culturali cui è andata incontro la famiglia italiana in questi ultimi anni, trasformazioni che hanno interessato non solo la struttura della famiglia, ma anche il comportamento dei coniugi nei confronti della procreazione. E' cambiato il modo di guardare al figlio, divenuto oramai un mezzo per soddisfare le esigenze di una coppia sempre più ripiegata su se stessa ed alla ricerca di una propria realizzazione. Da qui la richiesta di un figlio ad ogni costo, anche se questo portasse a ridurre la famiglia - a causa dell'intervento di partner esterni - ad un semplice mezzo di catalogazione, ormai svuotata dei suoi più profondi significati. Alla ricerca di un modo per superare lo stato attuale, l'Autore indica possibili piste d'intervento, dando anche validi spunti per successivi dibattiti sul tema.
Pyloroduodenojejunostomy
Authors: Madhavan Shibumon Mundunadackal , Chauhan Smita , Jha Sneha , Kumar Suneed , Masood Shakeel
Published: February 2022

Background:

Gastric outlet obstruction is a common condition due to various malignant and benign etiologies. Benign gastric outlet obstruction has been managed surgically by gastric resection or drainage procedures. Pyloroduodenojejunostomy (PDJ) is an old surgical procedure with very few descriptions in the literature and is rarely performed now. We present our experience of six cases of Roux-en-Y PDJ performed for benign gastroduodenal strictures causing gastric outlet obstruction.

Materials and Methods:

Prospective study of patients who underwent Roux-en-Y PDJ for benign gastroduodenal obstruction in the department of Surgical Gastroenterology in a teaching hospital in Northern India from January 2017 to December 2019. Side-to-side pyloroduodenojejunostomy was done with a Roux-en-Y limb of jejunum along with side-to-side jejunojejunostomy. A feeding jejunostomy was added in patients who were nutritionally poor. No vagotomy was performed.

Results:

Four male and two female patients with median (range) age of 42 (37–61) years underwent PDJ. There were no major postoperative complications in the study group. Etiology of benign strictures was tuberculosis in two patients and peptic in four. On mean (standard deviation [SD]) follow-up of 19.5 (5.12) months, all the patients were symptom-free. The mean (SD) weight gain was 10 (3.40) kg.

Conclusion:

Roux-en-Y PDJ is a useful alternative in the management of surgically difficult cases of benign gastroduodenal strictures with low morbidity and good outcome.
Fecal Contamination in Child Play Spaces and on Child Hands Are Associated with Subsequent Adverse Child Developmental Outcomes in Rural Democratic Republic of the Congo: REDUCE Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: George Christine Marie , Birindwa Alves , Beck Sara , R. Julian Timothy , Kuhl Jennifer , Williams Camille , Coglianese Nicole , D. Thomas Elizabeth , Bauler Sarah , François Ruthly , Ng Angela , Presence Amani Sanvura , Claude Bisimwa Rusanga Jean , Tofail Fahmida , Perin Jamie , Mirindi Patrick , Cirhuza Lucien Bisimwa
Published: February 2022

The objective of the Reducing Enteropathy, Undernutrition, and Contamination in the Environment (REDUCE) program is to identify exposure pathways to fecal pathogens that are significant contributors to morbidity among young children in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), and on developing and evaluating scalable interventions to reduce fecal contamination from these pathways. This prospective cohort study of 270 children under 5 years of age was conducted in rural South Kivu, DRC, to investigate the association between Escherichia coli in hand rinse, soil, food, object, surface, stored water, and water source samples and child developmental outcomes. Child developmental outcomes were assessed by communication, fine motor, gross motor, personal social, problem-solving, and combined scores measured by the Extended Ages and Stages Questionnaire (EASQ) at a 6-month follow-up. Children having E. coli present in the soil in their play spaces had significantly lower combined EASQ z scores (coefficient: −0.38 (95% CI: −0.73, −0.03)). E. coli on children’s hands was associated with lower communication EASQ z scores (−0.37 (95% CI: −0.0.10, −0.01), and E. coli in stored drinking water was associated with lower gross motor EASQ z scores (−0.40 (95% CI: −0.68, −0.12). In the REDUCE cohort study, E. coli in soil in child play spaces, on children’s hands, and in stored drinking water was associated with lower developmental outcome scores (communication, gross motor, fine motor, and problem-solving skills). These results suggest the need for interventions to reduce fecal contamination in the household environment to protect the cognitive development of susceptible pediatric populations in rural DRC.
2-D CAD Template for SAE J826 H-point Machine
Authors:   Human Accom and Design Devices Stds Comm
Published: February 2022

This document describes the 2-D computer-aided design (CAD) template for the HPM-1 H-point machine or HPD available from SAE. The elements of the HPD include the curve shapes, datum points and lines, and calibration references. The intended purpose for this information is to provide a master CAD reference for design and benchmarking. The content and format of the data files that are available are also described.
Praktyka pracy socjalnej jako komunikacja międzykulturowa
Authors: Wójciak Dorota
Published: February 2022

Social Work Practice as Intercultural Communication

In this essay I take a look at the theory of intercultural communication. I try to find inspirations for social work practice in the texts of the most important Polish scholars dealing with this topic. I point out that the application potential of research on intercultural communication goes beyond the field of cross-cultural education and aid activities for migrants and national minorities. Referring to Leszek Korporowicz, I consider intercultural space to go beyond the sphere of contacts between people of different national and ethnic identities. This approach allows me to look at the contact between the client and the social worker as a form of intercultural communication.
Rapid Adjustments of Remote Teaching of Youth – Lessons from the Pandemics
Authors: Cherenovych Anna
Published: February 2022

The paper is overviewing ubiquitous digitalisation and its exertion into the educational sphere. Instant transfer into online mode of teaching during the COVID-19 lockdown raised the discussion on the effectiveness of such mode. The analysis of what are the factors that potentially can harm academic progress is done. However, the COVID-19 lockdown showed that criteria of effectiveness can be ignored as less important. That is why there is a need to analyse it and in the result implement the changes into online education that would allow it to resemble the in-class mode as much as possible. In the paper, an exemplary solution is proposed – the design of a language online course. The course is created using the CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning) method. So, it covers not only learning of language, but also of content, that is digital hygiene in this case. At the end of the paper expert evaluations of the course design are done.