bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Criminal Antitrust
Authors: Weller Charles D.
Published: November 2016

In the crucible of defending a criminal antitrust case working with outstanding criminal defense lawyers soon after the Supreme Court revolutionized sentencing law by holding the Constitution requires the jury, not the judge, to decide key sentencing fact issues in Booker and related cases led to areas of criminal constitutional law outside the usual purview of antitrust. This unusual mix of law and people combined to create the discovery of five new constitutional defenses contrary to long-accepted practice in criminal antitrust that can be asserted to the Antitrust Division early in an antitrust criminal investigation, in motions to dismiss an indictment, before or at a charging conference and otherwise: (1) The standard antitrust practice of the judge, not the jury, deciding the “naked agreement” element of a per se crime is unconstitutional. (2) The standard per se antitrust jury instruction that conclusively presumes the statutory restraint of trade element of the crime is unconstitutional. (3) The standard antitrust practice where the antitrust division, not the grand jury, decides the “naked agreement” element is unconstitutional. (4) “Naked agreement” facts are “essential facts” that must be included in the indictment or the indictment is defective and unconstitutional. (5) All per se crimes are common law court created crimes, and thus unconstitutional because only Congress can create crimes.
An Analytical Quantum Model to Calculate Fluorescence Enhancement of a Molecule in Vicinity of a Sub-10 nm Metal Nanoparticle
Authors: Bagheri Zahra , Massudi Reza
Published: November 2016

An analytical quantum model is used to calculate electrical permittivity of a metal nanoparticle located in an adjacent molecule. Different parameters, such as radiative and non-radiative decay rates, quantum yield, electrical field enhancement factor, and fluorescence enhancement are calculated by such a model and they are compared with those obtained by using the classical Drude model. It is observed that using an analytical quantum model presents a higher enhancement factor, up to 30%, as compared to classical model for nanoparticles smaller than 10 nm. Furthermore, the results are in better agreement with those experimentally realized.
Angle of Observation Influence on Emission Signal from Spatially Confined Laser-Induced Plasmas
Authors: Weiss Jiri , Cabalín Luisa Maria , Laserna J. Javier
Published: November 2016

The present work focuses on the influence of the angle of observation on the emission signal from copper plasmas. Plasma plumes have been generated inside a home-made chamber consisting of two parallel glass windows spaced by 2.5 mm. This chamber allows observing plasma plumes from different collection angles throughout their perimeter, spanning from 20° to 80° with respect to the surface of the Cu target. In order to minimize the observed volume of the plasma, measurements were made from the closest distance possible through a metallic hollow tube. Single-pulse and collinear double-pulse excitation schemes with a Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm, 5 ns) have been investigated. The results have shown that the selection of the best angle to collect light from the plasma is related to the excitation mode. On the other hand, the shot-to-shot signal variability has been found to depend on the shape of plasma plumes. In single-pulse excitation, a good correlation between the observed laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) emission (from spatially confined plumes) and their integrated signal of plasma image has been ascertained. However, this fact was less evident in double-pulse LIBS, which could be due to a different mechanism involved in the ablation process.
The Role of the Moral Theologian in the Church: A Proposal in Light of Amoris Laetitia
Authors: Kelly Conor M.
Published: November 2016

Pope Francis’s apostolic exhortation Amoris Laetitia recast pastoral decisions in terms of conscience and discernment and asked moral theology to do the same. Such a request invites reforms for moral theology, requiring a shift from the traditional role of the moral theologian as an external judge to a more personalist role as a counselor for conscience. This change entails prioritizing the process of discernment ahead of the definition of rules, specifying the place of the ideal in Catholic morality, and attending to the ethics of ordinary life.
Pentraxin 3 and other inflammatory biomarkers related to atrial fibrillation in cardiac surgery
Authors: Holubcova Zdenka , Kunes Pavel , Mandak Jiri , Vlaskova Dana , Kolackova Martina , Holmannova Drahomira , Andrys Ctirad , Krejsek Jan , Holubec Tomas
Published: November 2016

Objectives:

The aim was to evaluate the association between perioperative inflammatory biomarkers and atrial fibrillation (AF) in cardiac surgical patients.

Methods:

Forty-two patients undergoing cardiac surgery were divided into three groups according to the occurrence of AF: Group A (n = 22) – patients with no AF, Group B (n = 11) – patients with new onset AF postoperatively and Group C (n = 9) – patients with preoperative history of atrial fibrillation. The serum levels of PTX3, CRP, TLR2, IL-8, IL-18, sFas, MMP-7 and MMP-8 were measured at the following time points: before surgery, immediately and 6 h after surgery and on the 1st, 3rd and 7th postoperative days (POD).

Results:

Serum levels of PTX3 showed a significant difference between Groups A and C on the 3rd POD (p<0.05) and on the 7th POD (p<0.0001). IL-8 levels were different between Groups A and C immediately after surgery (p<0.05), 6 hours after surgery (p<0.05) and on the 3rd POD (p<0.05). There was a difference between Groups B and C on the 1st POD in IL-8 levels (p<0.05). The sFas levels differed between Groups A and C on the 3rd POD (p<0.01) and the 7th POD (p<0.05). There was also a difference on the 7th POD (p<0.05) between the Groups B and C. No significant differences between the groups was seen for other biomarkers.

Conclusion:

This study demonstrates significantly different dynamics of PTX3, IL-8 and sFas levels after cardiac surgery in relation to AF.
A cautionary tale of two ‘tigers’: Industrial policy ‘lessons’ from Ireland and Hungary?
Authors: Bailey David , Lenihan Helena , De Ruyter Alex
Published: November 2016

This paper draws industrial policy lessons for small Central and Eastern European states through a critical evaluation of recent Irish and Hungarian experiences. The paper outlines a ‘holistic view’ of industrial policy before exploring the experiences of the two economies. Whilst both have managed to ‘do’ policy well in some regards, substantial challenges remain in making foreign direct investment attraction the centrepiece of industrial policy, as has been highlighted recently. Overall, the paper suggests that wholesale emulation of the Irish and Hungarian approach is problematic for small open Central and Eastern Europe states, and that more balanced approaches to development – and hence industrial policy – are warranted.
Towards accurate estimation of fast varying frequency in future electricity networks: The transition from model-free methods to model-based approach
Authors: Stotsky Alexander
Published: November 2016

Accurate estimation of fast varying fundamental frequency in the presence of harmonics and noise will be required for effective frequency regulation in future electricity networks with high penetration level of renewable energy sources. Two new algorithms for network frequency tracking are proposed. The first algorithm represents a robust modification of classical zero crossing method, which is widely used in industry. The second algorithm is a multiple model algorithm based on the systems with harmonic regressor. Algorithm allows complete reconstruction of the frequency content of the signal, using information about the upper bound of the number of harmonics only. Moreover, new family of high-order algorithms together with new stepwise splitting method are proposed for parameter calculation in systems with harmonic regressor for the accuracy improvement. Statistical methods are introduced for comparison of two new algorithms to classical zero crossing algorithm. The modified algorithm provides significant improvement compared to the classical algorithm, and the algorithm with harmonic regressor provides further improvement of the statistical performance indexes with respect to the modified algorithm.
Adrenal function in cats with cholestatic liver disease
Authors: Buckley Faith I. , Mahony Orla , Webster Cynthia R. L.
Published: November 2016

Cats with cholestatic liver disease experience significant morbidity and mortality when they undergo invasive procedures under anesthesia. Although inadequate adrenal response might account for these outcomes, adrenal function in cats with cholestatic liver disease has not been documented, to our knowledge. The goal of our study was to describe adrenal function in these cats. Twenty-seven cats with a serum bilirubin >230 µmol/L (3 mg/dL) and serum alanine aminotransferase >2 times the upper limit of normal had pre– and 60-min post–adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) cortisol analysis after administration of 5 µg/kg cosyntropin intravenously. The change in cortisol concentrations (delta cortisol) was calculated. Pre- and post-ACTH cortisol concentrations were compared to reference values. Pre-ACTH, post-ACTH, and delta cortisol values were compared between cats surviving to discharge or for 30 d postdischarge. Mean pre-ACTH cortisol levels (205 ± 113 nmol/L [7.4 ± 4.2 µg/dL]) and post-ACTH cortisol levels (440 ± 113 nmol/L [15.9 ± 4.1 g/dL]) in cholestatic cats were significantly greater than reference values in clinically normal cats. There was no association of pre- or post-ACTH cortisol with survival. Cats with a delta cortisol <179 nmol/L (6.5 µg/dL) were more likely to be non-survivors at 30 d post-discharge ( p = 0.037) than cats with delta cortisol >179 nmol/L (6.5 µg/dL). Results indicate that cats with cholestasis have high basal and ACTH-stimulated cortisol values. A delta cortisol <179 nmol/L (6.5 µg/dL) defines a population of cats that have decreased 30-d survival.
Initial development and preliminary evaluation of a multiplex bead assay to detect antibodies to Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma platys, and Ehrlichia chaffeensis outer membrane peptides in naturally infected dogs from Grenada, West Indies
Authors: Wilkerson Melinda J. , Black Kelley E. , Lanza-Perea Marta , Sharma Bhumika , Gibson Kathryn , Stone Diana M. , George Anushka , Nair Arathy D. S. , Ganta Roman R.
Published: November 2016

Tick-borne bacteria, Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma platys, and Ehrlichia chaffeensis are significant pathogens of dogs worldwide, and coinfections of E. canis and A. platys are common in dogs on the Caribbean islands. We developed and evaluated the performance of a multiplex bead-based assay to detect antibodies to E. canis, A. platys, and E. chaffeensis peptides in dogs from Grenada, West Indies, where E. canis and A. platys infections are endemic. Peptides from outer membrane proteins of P30 of E. canis, OMP-1X of A. platys, and P28-19/P28-14 of E. chaffeensis were coupled to magnetic beads. The multiplex peptide assay detected antibodies in dogs experimentally infected with E. canis and E. chaffeensis, but not in an A. platys experimentally infected dog. In contrast, the multiplex assay and an in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) detected A. platys antibodies in naturally infected Grenadian dogs. Following testing of 104 Grenadian canine samples, multiplex assay results had good agreement with commercially available ELISA and immunofluorescent assay for E. canis antibody-positive dogs ( K values of 0.73 and 0.84), whereas A. platys multiplex results had poor agreement with these commercial assays ( K values of −0.02 and 0.01). Prevalence of seropositive E. canis and A. platys Grenadian dogs detected by the multiplex and commercial antibody assays were similar to previous reports. Although the multiplex peptide assay performed well in detecting the seropositive status of dogs to E. canis and had good agreement with commercial assays, better antigen targets are necessary for the antibody detection of A. platys.
Factors Influencing Advance Care Planning Among Older Adults in Two Socioeconomically Diverse Living Communities
Authors: Tripken Jennifer L. , Elrod Cathy , Bills Susan
Published: November 2016

Background/Objectives:

Advance care planning (ACP) is an iterative, complex, and dynamic process of discussion, decision-making, and documentation about end-of-life care. The extent to which this process takes place in older adults in diverse socioeconomic settings is not well documented. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about ACP among older adults in two socioeconomically diverse settings to identify the individual and contextual factors that influence behaviors regarding end-of-life care.

Design:

A cross-sectional survey design was used.

Setting:

An affordable independent continuing care retirement community and a high-income eligible (HIE) independent continuing care retirement community.

Participants:

Individuals aged 55 years and older who resided in independent living.

Measurements:

A 61-item survey was administered. Simple descriptive statistics were used to examine the responses, and inferential statistics were used to evaluate which items were associated with key outcomes between the 2 settings.

Results:

Seventy-seven older adults completed the survey. Significant differences in familiarity of terminology and knowledge of ACP, as well as significant differences in completion of advance directives and communication, were found between the 2 communities. No differences were found in attitudes and beliefs about end-of-life issues.

Conclusion:

Higher levels of knowledge and engagement in ACP were reported at the HIE community as compared to the affordable housing community. These findings provide insight into the influence of the contextual forces that encourage and support ACP.
What Can Secondary School Students Teach Educators and School Nurses About Student Engagement in Health Promotion? A Scoping Review
Authors: Beck Amy J. , Reilly Sandra M.
Published: November 2016

Student engagement represents a critical component of a comprehensive school health (CSH) approach to health promotion. Nevertheless, questions remain about its implementation. This scoping review updates the field of student engagement in health promotion. Of the 1,388 located articles, 14 qualify for inclusion in this study. An analysis reveals four themes. CSH programs that incorporate student engagement promote a sense of belonging to a community, encourage meaningful involvement, give voice to student concerns, and advance supportive relationships. This study finds a lack of research regarding student engagement in health promotion but confirms that student participation in CSH initiatives contributes to a sense of ownership. Consequently, we can infer that student ownership of health promotion takes place through their meaningful engagement and can effect social change.
Patient-Centered Medical Home Capacity and Ambulatory Care Utilization
Authors: Hearld Larry R. , Hearld Kristine R. , Guerrazzi Claudia
Published: November 2016

The patient-centered medical home (PCMH) has increasingly received attention as a model of care to potentially remedy the cost and quality problems that confront the US health care system, including and especially ambulatory care–related issues. This study examined the association between physician practices’ PCMH capacity and 3 indicators of ambulatory care utilization: (1) emergency department utilization, (2) ambulatory care sensitive hospitalization rate, and (3) 30-day all-cause readmission rate. Results show that overall PCMH capacity is associated with lower rates, and technical aspects of the PCMH in particular were associated with lower utilization rates while interpersonal capabilities were not.
Epididymis-like Tubules in Adult Renal Hypodysplasia: Immunohistochemical Features Indicate a Mesonephric Origin
Authors: Naik Madhavi A. , Pai Sanjay A.
Published: November 2016

We report the presence of epididymis-like tubules in unilateral renal hypodysplasia in 3 adult men. Microscopy showed dilated tubules lined by ciliated columnar epithelium and smaller basal cells, morphologically resembling epididymal tubules. Small tubules lined by cuboidal epithelium were also present in all cases, with glomeruli in 2 cases. The epididymis-like tubules expressed CD10, CK7, PAX8, and AR in the luminal epithelium, while the basal cells were positive for p63, CK7, and focally for CD10. The smooth muscle bundles around the epididymis-like tubules were focally AR and WT1 (cytoplasmic) positive. The epididymis-like tubules were negative for ER, PR, and WT1. CK7 and PAX8 stained all the collecting ducts, with AR staining some. Bowman’s capsule, parietal and visceral epithelial cells expressed CD10; WT1 stained the visceral and parietal epithelial cells. Glomerular parietal cells expressed PAX8 and focally, CK7. Proximal tubules were positive for CD10 (luminal membranous and weak cytoplasmic). Distal tubules expressed CK7, PAX8 and AR. An occasional small tubule was ER positive. Scattered stromal cells expressed ER, PR, and AR. The urothelium of the renal pelvis/upper ureter expressed CK7 in all layers, CD10 in the superficial layers, PAX8 in the basal layers and p63 in all layers except the umbrella layer. The epididymis-like tubules replicate the pattern of the mesonephros-derived normal epididymis in expressing CK7, PAX8, CD10, and AR. This supports a mesonephric rather than metanephric origin for these tubules. The aberrant expression of some markers may be a manifestation of the dysplastic nature of the kidneys.
Identifying Strategies Programs Adopt to Meet Healthy Eating and Physical Activity Standards in Afterschool Programs
Authors: Weaver Robert G. , Moore Justin B. , Turner-McGrievy Brie , Saunders Ruth , Beighle Aaron , Khan M. Mahmud , Chandler Jessica , Brazendale Keith , Randell Allison , Webster Collin , Beets Michael W.
Published: November 2016

Background. The YMCA of USA has adopted Healthy Eating and Physical Activity (HEPA) Standards for its afterschool programs (ASPs). Little is known about strategies YMCA ASPs are implementing to achieve Standards and these strategies’ effectiveness. Aims. (1) Identify strategies implemented in YMCA ASPs and (2) evaluate the relationship between strategy implementation and meeting Standards. Method. HEPA was measured via accelerometer (moderate-to-vigorous-physical-activity [MVPA]) and direct observation (snacks served) in 20 ASPs. Strategies were identified and mapped onto a capacity building framework ( Strategies To Enhance Practice [STEPs]). Mixed-effects regression estimated increases in HEPA outcomes as implementation increased. Model-implied estimates were calculated for high (i.e., highest implementation score achieved), moderate (median implementation score across programs), and low (lowest implementation score achieved) implementation for both HEPA separately. Results. Programs implemented a variety of strategies identified in STEPs. For every 1-point increase in implementation score 1.45% (95% confidence interval = 0.33% to 2.55%, p ≤ .001) more girls accumulated 30 min/day of MVPA and fruits and/or vegetables were served on 0.11 more days (95% confidence interval = 0.11-0.45, p ≤ .01). Relationships between implementation and other HEPA outcomes did not reach statistical significance. Still regression estimates indicated that desserts are served on 1.94 fewer days (i.e., 0.40 vs. 2.34) in the highest implementing program than the lowest implementing program and water is served 0.73 more days (i.e., 2.37 vs. 1.64). Conclusions. Adopting HEPA Standards at the national level does not lead to changes in routine practice in all programs. Practical strategies that programs could adopt to more fully comply with the HEPA Standards are identified.
Degrees of Freedom in SEM
Authors: Cortina Jose M. , Green Jennifer P. , Keeler Kathleen R. , Vandenberg Robert J.
Published: November 2016

Structural equation modeling (SEM) has been a staple of the organizational sciences for decades. It is common to report degrees of freedom ( df) for tested models, and it should be possible for a reader to recreate df for any model in a published paper. We reviewed 784 models from 75 papers published in top journals in order to understand df-related reporting practices and discover how often reported df matched those that we computed based on the information given in the papers. Among other things, we found that both df and the information necessary to compute them were available about three-quarters of the time. We also found that computed df matched reported df only 62% of the time. Discrepancies were particularly common in structural (as opposed to measurement) models and were often large in magnitude. This means that the models for which fit indices are offered are often different from those described in published papers. Finally, we offer an online tool for computing df and recommendations, the Degrees of Freedom Reporting Standards (DFRS), for authors, reviewers, and editors.
Negative life events and life satisfaction in university students: Belief in a just world as a mediator and moderator
Authors: Tian Xunlong
Published: November 2016

A cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the role of belief in a just world between negative life events and life satisfaction. The results revealed that two dimensions of belief in a just world played partial mediating roles between negative life events and life satisfaction. Moreover, belief in a just world was also a moderator between negative life events and life satisfaction that mitigates the adverse effects of negative life events. In conclusion, these results suggest that belief in a just world could be both a mediator and a moderator between negative life events and life satisfaction.
Calling the police, more or less democratically
Authors: Martin Jeffrey T
Published: November 2016

The interface between police and citizens in Taiwan is no crisp confrontation between state and society. It is a thickly layered space of mediation, populated by diverse agents, authorities, institutions, and networks. This article uses an ethnographic study of this space to explore its historical and cultural organization. I assemble a series of descriptions of situations in which people sought to mobilize police powers on their behalf, sometimes successfully and sometimes unsuccessfully. I use this evidentiary basis to reflect on the cultural skills involved in making an effective call to police in democratic Taiwan. These skills, I argue, are best understood as a reflection of the meaningful foundations in which the democratic qualities of state powers have taken root in the context of Taiwan’s historical experience with modern governance.
Hanging on to Some Autonomy in Decisionmaking: How do Spouse Carers Support this?
Authors: Fetherstonhaugh Deirdre , Rayner Jo-Anne , Tarzia Laura
Published: November 2016

In Australia, the majority of people with dementia live in the community with informal care provided by family, commonly a spouse. A diagnosis of dementia is a threat to one’s personhood and is often accompanied by perceptions of future dependency, which will involve the inability to carry out conventional roles and complete everyday tasks including making decisions. Being able to make decisions, however, is part of being a ‘person’ and it is through relationships that personhood is defined and constructed. In face-to-face interviews with seven couples (a carer and person with dementia dyad) and two spouse carers, this study explored why, and how, spouse carers support continued involvement in decision-making for people with dementia. The findings highlight the importance of loving and respectful relationships in the development of strategies to support continued decision-making for people with dementia.
Health and usage monitoring of Spanish National Institute for Aerospace Technology unmanned air vehicles
Authors: Frövel M , Carrión G , Pintado JM , Cabezas J , Cabrerizo F
Published: November 2016

Structural health and usage monitoring of unmanned air vehicles is of increasing interest not only for the evaluation of flight loads and the use of data in order to estimate the remaining lifetime of the structure but also for a fast and reliable assessment of structural impacts due to unexpected events that can produce significant loads on the structure, such as hard landings and gusts. This is especially important with composite material structures where damage is quite often barely visible. In-flight load and usage monitoring enables fast turnaround times and increases the availability of the unmanned air vehicle. The Spanish National Institute for Aerospace Technology has been developing, for over two decades now, unmanned air vehicles for surveillance, reconnaissance, and aerial targets. At the moment, a health and usage monitoring system for the Spanish National Institute for Aerospace Technology’s medium altitude and long endurance unmanned air vehicle called MILANO, based on fiber Bragg grating sensors that measure strain and temperature, is being developed. The sensors are integrated in the outer and central wing box and the central and rear fuselage. The health and usage monitoring system is based on the experience gained during flight test activities of the tactical unmanned air vehicle SIVA, an all-composite material unmanned air vehicle developed and assembled by Spanish National Institute for Aerospace Technology. One SIVA is instrumented with 15 fiber Bragg grating sensors that measure both strain and temperature in different structural points of interest, such as the outer wing, the wing attachment, the front and rear fuselage, a stabilizer, and the landing gear. The use of optical sensors instead of electrical sensors has the advantages of lower weight penalty, longer durability, and total immunity to electromagnetic interferences. Structural deformations of the unmanned air vehicle have been measured during flight and used to calculate structural flight loads. Temperature-induced thermal strains have been compensated for. This article explains the results and data evaluation of the performed flight tests, describes the equipment used and the sensor applications, and presents the health and usage monitoring of Spanish National Institute for Aerospace Technology’s tactical and medium altitude and long endurance unmanned air vehicles.
Strategy and narrative in higher education
Authors: Holstein Jeannie , Starkey Ken , Wright Mike
Published: November 2016

In this article, we apply the idea of narrative to strategy and to the development of strategy in the higher education context. We explore how strategy is formed as an intertextual narrative in a comparative study of higher education in the UK. Existing research suggests that competition between narratives, such as that in higher education, should be problematic in strategy terms. We show that this is not necessarily the case. Unlike in other settings where new strategy narratives tend to drive out previous narratives, in higher education it is the on-going interaction between historical and new narratives that gives the content of strategy its essential voice. We show how apparently competing narratives are accommodated though appeals to emotion and values. The maintenance of strategic direction requires hope and a synthesis of societal values that maintains access to the past, the future, and multiple narrators. This approach helps us understand how universities perform the complex task of adapting the strengths of the university’s past to the challenges of external policy developments in strategy formation.
Interpreting the Prevalence of Mental Disorders in Children
Authors: Holbrook Joseph R. , Bitsko Rebecca H. , Danielson Melissa L. , Visser Susanna N.
Published: November 2016

Knowledge on the prevalence of mental disorders among children informs the work of many health care providers, public health researchers, educators, and policy makers, and any single data source and study methodology can provide valuable insight. However, it is only after prevalence estimates from complementary studies are considered together that distinctions can be made to more deeply inform an assessment of community needs, including diagnosed prevalence versus underlying prevalence, differences between insured and uninsured populations, and how estimates change over time. National surveys, community-based studies, and administrative claims data each provide a different type of information that builds broad understanding. This article presents some of the overarching complexities of the issue, discusses strengths and weaknesses of some common data sources and methodologies used to generate epidemiological estimates, and describes ways in which these data sources complement one another and contribute to a better understanding of the prevalence of pediatric mental disorders.
Wound Closure in Smoking Peripheral Arterial Disease Patients With Treatment-Refractory Ulcerations
Authors: Smedley Jonathan , Michael Georgina M. , Tamire Yeabsera G.
Published: November 2016

Despite ongoing smoking cessation efforts and optimized perfusion, failed wound closure in the presence of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and diabetes are common. A clinical effectiveness review was conducted in actively smoking diabetic patients diagnosed with PAD, treated with serial applications of a viable intact cryopreserved human placental membrane (vCPM) (Grafix, Osiris Therapeutics Inc, Columbia, MD) for recalcitrant lower extremity ulcerations (n = 6). More than half of the patients were not candidates for revascularization. Baseline vascular status in 5 of 6 lower-extremity wounds remained unchanged throughout the entire course of vCPM treatment. Daily cigarette consumption averaged 18 cigarettes per patient. Mean wound duration and mean surface area was 53 weeks and 4.6 cm2, respectively. Mean number of vCPM applications and time to closure was 7.0 grafts in 7.8 weeks. There were no wound-related infections or amputations and no vCPM-related adverse events. All 6 wounds remained closed at the 12-month follow-up visit. In conclusion, vCPM demonstrated clinically effective outcomes in 6 previously nonhealing ulcerations despite ongoing smoking habits in the presence of PAD and diabetes.
Real-time running event detection via a community patrol robot
Authors: Cai Shibo , Guo Huiwen , Bao Guanjun , Wu Xinyu , Li Nannan
Published: November 2016

Security surveillance is an important application for patrol robots. In this article, a real-time running event detection method is proposed for the community patrol robot. Although sliding window-based approaches have been quite successful in detecting objects in images, directly extending them to real-time object detection in video is not simple. This is due to the huge samples and diversity of object appearances with multivisual view and scale. To address these limitations, first, a simple and effective spatial–temporal filtering-based approach is proposed to obtain moving object proposals in each frame; then, two-stream convolutional networks fusion architecture is introduced to best take advantage of the spatial–temporal information from the proposal. The algorithm is applied on PatrolBot in community environments and runs at 15 fps on a consumer laptop. Two benchmark data sets (the Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan [KTH] data set and Nanyang Technological University [NTU] running data set) were also used to compare results with previous works. Experimental results show higher accuracy and lower detection error rate in the proposed method.
Event-triggered control of spatially distributed processes via unmanned aerial vehicle
Authors: Lou Xuyang , Jiang Zhengxian
Published: November 2016

This article concerns the problem of event-triggered observer-based output feedback control of spatially distributed processes under the autonomous operation of an unmanned aerial vehicle. The specific spatially distributed process is modeled within the distributed parameter systems framework. To control the considered distributed parameter system efficiently, we first estimate the states with an observer based on the measurement information from sensors. Then, an event-triggered observer-based controller is designed, which can reduce the frequency of signal transmissions between the observer and the controller. In contrast to normal sampled-data controller that is updated periodically, the event-triggered controller is updated only when an “event” happens. Moreover, the Zeno behavior is also excluded by proving there exists a lower bound for interexecution time. Numerical simulations are finally presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control method.
A randomized placebo-controlled pilot study of the efficacy and safety of D-cycloserine in people with chronic back pain
Authors: Schnitzer Thomas J , Torbey Souraya , Herrmann Kristi , Kaushal Gagan , Yeasted Renita , Vania Apkarian A
Published: November 2016

Background

Few effective pharmacological treatment options exist for chronic back pain, the leading cause of disability in the US, and all are associated with significant adverse effects.

Objective

To determine the efficacy and safety of D-cycloserine, a partial agonist to the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor, in the treatment of chronic low back pain.

Methods

A total of 41 participants with chronic back pain who met all inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized pilot trial of D-cycloserine. Treatment was administered orally for six weeks at escalating daily doses of 100 mg, 200 mg, and 400 mg, each for two weeks. The primary outcome measure was back pain intensity using the Numeric Rating Scale (0–10). Secondary measures were back pain-related questionnaires: McGill Pain Questionnaire short form, painDETECT, PANAS, and BDI. The pre-specified analysis was a two-way repeated measures analysis of variance.

Results

A treatment difference was observed between groups treated with D-cycloserine and placebo at six weeks of 1.05 ± 3.1 units on the Numeric Rating Scale, with an effect size of 0.4 and p = 0.14. This trend of better chronic back pain relief with D-cycloserine was also observed in the secondary measures. No safety issues were seen.

Conclusion

The difference in mean pain between the D-cycloserine and placebo groups did not reach statistical significance. However, a clinically meaningful effect size in the magnitude of pain relief was observed with a consistent pattern across multiple outcome measures with good safety, supporting further research into the effectiveness of D-cycloserine for chronic back pain.
Primary elbow arthroplasty: problems and solutions
Authors: Sanchez-Sotelo Joaquin
Published: November 2016

Prosthetic replacement of the elbow joint has continued to improve over time. Widespread implantation of certain designs has led to identification a few successful elements of elbow arthroplasty, as well as several opportunities for improvement. Current hot topics in elbow arthroplasty include triceps-preserving exposures, implantation of components with better-expected wear performance, management of the ulnar nerve, prevention of infection, and the development of successful cementless components. Total elbow arthroplasty has the potential to improve pain, function and quality of life for many patients with articular destruction secondary to inflammatory arthropathy or as a consequence of trauma. Continued advances in this field are key to make this operation as reliable and lasting as hip or knee arthroplasty.
Designing Foresight and Foresighting Design
Authors: Hines Andy , Zindato Danila
Published: November 2016

Foresight and design are growing closer together. The two fields are sharing a key tool: scenarios. The piece opens by highlighting the growing relationship between the fields. It compares the generic process frameworks they use. It then reviews the expanding roles of scenarios in design. It concludes by suggesting there is an opportunity for futurists and designers to learn from one another’s use of scenarios and that pressure on both fields to expand their scope and capabilities suggest even more collaboration between the two in the future.
The Act of Foresight
Authors: Crews Christian
Published: November 2016

A reflection on a career in foresight, emphasizing the power of a collaborative process of foresight that connects the future to the present and shifts perception of control. This enables action today toward more preferred futures.
It’s the Audience: Differences in Social Support Across Social Media
Authors: Hayes Rebecca A. , Carr Caleb T. , Wohn Donghee Yvette
Published: November 2016

Responding to recent calls to transcend social media platforms when examining media effects, and using the social information processing model to predict and explain results, this multi-method study first uses a US national survey ( N = 325) to examine perceived effectiveness of social support and relational closeness via paralinguistic digital affordances (PDAs; e.g., “Likes,” “+1s,” and “Upvotes”)—the one-click tools for phatic communication—between social media platforms. Results of the survey reveal some significant between-platform differences in perceived effectiveness of social support provided by a PDA, but no significant differences in the relational closeness of ties across platforms. These findings were used to design and conduct focus groups ( N = 36) to understand why the identified differences exist. Focus groups reveal that although social support is exchanged across all platforms, different dimensions of social support are sought and received depending on the platform and the network audience that platform accesses. In addition, the focus groups revealed meaningful differences in the nature of network relationships between the platforms, if not the degree of closeness. Taking the two studies together, it seems the adoption and continued use of a platform is an idiosyncratic function of both the social and the technological. Findings underscore the importance of conducting cross-platform studies and demonstrate the value of using PDAs as a convenient cross-platform comparison tool, as they are one of the few common features across social media.
Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney and Sonography
Authors: Baker Anthony , Goepfert Michelle , Whitney Ella
Published: November 2016

Multicystic dysplastic kidney is a congenital anomaly that can affect the kidneys. It is generally unilateral and is characterized by multiple noncommunicating cysts in the renal parenchyma. This disease usually results in an enlarged, nonfunctioning kidney in the neonate. Recent advances in diagnostic medical imaging, especially in sonography, have enabled earlier detection of this disease, created better management and treatment options, and resulted in improved outcomes for patients. This case study demonstrates the use of early detection with sonography and the utilization of it for follow-up care. Sonography is ranked as the imaging modality of choice for patients with a clinical condition of renal failure and has the potential for an improved outcome for patients.
Thrombosis in the setting of obesity or inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Lentz Steven R.
Published: November 2016

Obesity and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are systemic inflammatory disorders that predispose to arterial and venous thrombosis through similar prothrombotic mechanisms. Obesity and IBD are chronic risk factors that lead to a persistently elevated risk of thrombosis, although the thrombotic risk with IBD appears to wax and wane with disease severity. Because of the lack of high-quality evidence to guide management decisions, approaches to the prevention and treatment of thrombosis in patients with obesity or IBD are based on extrapolation from general guidelines for antithrombotic therapy. Obesity alters the pharmacokinetics of some anticoagulant drugs, and IBD patients present the added management challenge of having a high risk of gastrointestinal bleeding while taking anticoagulants. An extended duration of anticoagulant therapy is often recommended for obese or IBD patients with unprovoked venous thromboembolism unless there is a high risk of bleeding, although more data and better biomarkers are needed to determine whether anticoagulation can be safely stopped in a subset of IBD patients during remission of active disease. Most patients with obesity or IBD require thromboprophylaxis in conjunction with hospitalization or surgery, with adjustment of anticoagulant dosing in patients with severe obesity.
Risk Targeting and Policy Illusions—Evidence from the Announcement of the Volcker Rule
Authors: Keppo Jussi , Korte Josef
Published: November 2016

We analyze the Volcker Rule’s announcement effects on U.S. bank holding companies. In line with the rule and the banks’ public compliance announcements, we find that those banks that are affected by the Volcker Rule already reduced their trading books relative to their total assets 2.34% more than other banks. However, the announcement of the rule did not reduce the banks’ overall risk taking. To keep their risk targets, the affected banks raised the riskiness of their asset returns. We also find some evidence that the affected banks raised their trading risk and decreased the hedging of their banking business.

Data, as supplemental material, are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2016.2583 .

This paper was accepted by Gustavo Manso, finance.
Body image in end-stage renal failure
Authors: Galpin Carolyn
Published: November 2016

People in renal failure may experience negative reactions to their bodies because of the invasive nature of treatment. Nurses, by utilizing their listening and counselling skills, can help patients come to terms with these feelings, and thus raise self-esteem.
Professionalism and the role of the UKCC
Authors: Audrey Emerton Dame
Published: November 2016

Professionalism and the role of the UKCC concern every registered nurse, midwife and health visitor, and yet many practitioners do not understand the complex nature of the concept and the professional body.
The need for a specialist clinical and educational journal
Authors: Castledine George
Published: November 2016

‘Experience without theory is blind but theory without experience is mere intellectual play.’ Kant's statement is the epitome of what this new journal is about: bringing nursing practice, education and management together.
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Hope Pam
Published: November 2016

Judith, a 53-year-old married woman had been referred by her GP to the hospital's surgical outpatient department in December 1991, where she gave a 15-year history of right upper quadrant pain. This pain had been fairly intermittent and she had felt able to cope with it, not least because she was caring for her two elderly parents who lived with her and her husband. She had been investigated in 1978 when a laparotomy had been performed; a left ovarian cyst was discovered and treated. However, the pain continued but, according to Judith, she was able to cope with it until 6 months ago, when it became constant in nature and was made worse on eating fatty food.

Her GP had arranged an abdominal ultrasound scan in November 1991; this demonstrated a normal liver, pancreas and right kidney, but a shrunken gall bladder with echogenic calculi present. Judith was seen in the outpatient department by the consultant in February 1992, who explained her problem and offered her a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Judith accepted and was listed to be admitted to the surgical unit in early March 1992.
Nursing in Zimbabwe during the first decade of independence
Authors: Kadandara Joyce C
Published: November 2016

The nursing profession has been central to the massive changes occurring in the health services in Zimbabwe since it gained independence. This article examines the restructuring that has taken place within nursing in the post-independence era.
What is an advanced practitioner?
Authors: McGee Paula
Published: November 2016

As a student, staff nurse and sister, I was aware of a special group of nurses. One of these, the sister in charge of the diabetic ward, had all the characteristics necessary to gain membership to this elite band — she was able to transfer to me the skills that she performed with such ease but that appeared so difficult to the newcomer, without ever making me feel ignorant or useless. Through her teaching, I mastered insulin calculations and learned to ‘special’ hyperglycaemic patients. I discovered an enthusiasm for diabetes which I still retain 20 years later — only now I am the teacher. What is it that makes these nurses different? How can these differences contribute to nursing? How can we learn from them?
European developments in complementary medicine
Authors: Rankin-Box Denise
Published: November 2016

Complementary therapies are becoming increasingly integrated into nursing care. As more nurses adopt these practices, there is a greater need to standardize education in line with European directives to ensure safe, research-based practice.
Assessment of head-injured children
Authors: Williams Julie
Published: November 2016

Adult neurological scales do not always assess conscious levels in head-injured children accurately. A new scale, the Pinderfield scale, has been introduced into the Major Injuries Unit in Birmingham and has found a favourable reception with nurses.
A system for delivering care
Authors: Stark Melanie
Published: November 2016

Mary, a 41-year-old married woman with three grown-up children, was referred to us from her local health authority for a second opinion following an 8-year history of resistant depression that had resulted in several admissions to her local psychiatric hospital. In the past, Mary had heard voices telling her that she was ‘no good’ and that she deserved to ‘be punished’. This would cause Mary to punish herself physically by cutting herself with a knife or scalding herself with boiling water. When unwell, Mary says that she feels paranoid and thinks that people are looking at and talking about her. This makes her go home and look in the mirror to see what people are looking at, but she can never see anything unusual.

When ill, Mary hands over all control and responsibility for her life to her husband Bernard until she feels well enough to take it back. Mary's family are all aware of her illness and seem understanding and supportive, especially Bernard. When she first became ill they read as much as they could about depression in order to understand what was happening.

Mary describes her family as being ‘very close’, her children as ‘wonderful’ and Bernard as ‘the perfect husband’. However, she feels guilty about how her illness affects them and often ‘puts on an act’ for them in an effort to fulfil the roles of mother and wife and to hide how bad she is really feeling. Mary describes herself as ‘outgoing’ and enjoys social occasions. When ill she isolates herself entirely. Over the years Mary and Bernard have developed techniques which make Mary's illness easier to cope with, e.g. avoiding crowds and taking long walks in the country with the dog.
PREPP: from novice to expert
Authors: Gatley Ellen
Published: November 2016

There are similarities between the recommendations of PREPP for a future education structure and the Dreyfus skill acquisition model. A model combining the stages of PREPP and Benner is suggested here.
Audit Commission: homeward bound
Authors: Castledine George
Published: November 2016

If the title does not put you off, then perhaps some of the management jargon will. The Audit Commission has produced its report on community health services (1992) and in so doing has strongly attacked the overall management control, coordination and quality of services provided. The Commission claims that there is an uneven provision of service, with significant differences within and between districts as to how resources are deployed. Health visiting and district nursing services particularly come under scrutiny as some of the failures of nursing and healthcare provision are exposed.