bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the existence of admissible processes for control systems with mixed constraints
Authors: Borzov Nikita S. , Zhukovskaya Zukhra T.
Published: October 2023

A control system with mixed equality-type constraints and end-point constraints is considered. In terms of the generalized Jacobian (Clarke’s derivative) with respect to the control variable of the mapping defining the constraints, sufficient conditions for the existence of continuous admissible positional controls are obtained. The proof of the corresponding theorem is based on reducing the control system to a boundary value problem for an ordinary differential equation via a nonlocal implicit function theorem. This problem is then reduced to the problem of finding a fixed point of a continuous mapping defined on a finite-dimensional closed ball and to applying an analogue of Brouwer’s fixed point theorem. In addition, a control system with mixed inequality-type constraints and end-point constraints is studied. In terms of the first derivatives with respect to the control variable of the functions that define the constraints, sufficient conditions for the existence of continuous admissible positional controls are also obtained. The proof of the corresponding theorem is carried out by passing from a system of smooth inequality-type constraints to one locally Lipschitz equality-type constraint.
Mathematical modeling in the problem of developing an effective method for controlling fusarium of wheat ear
Authors: Burlakov Evgenii O. , Malkov Ivan N.
Published: October 2023

In this paper we constructed a mathematical model based on a continuous dynamic system, which is formalizing the interaction of fusarium fungi, wheat plants and soil microorganisms (mycophages and saprophages). The paper presents a statistical analysis of the available experimental data obtained under laboratory conditions, on the basis of which we solved the problem of restoring biologically interpreted parameters of the constructed model of the considered ecological system. The paper also considers the problem of impulse control within the constructed mathematical framework, which corresponds to a correction on the food webs in the system in order to stimulate the growth of the populations of natural antagonists of the fusarium fungus causing wheat pathology by applying special mixtures of organic fertilizers to the soil. We obtained conditions that guarantee controllability within the framework of the constructed mathematical model, as well as providing continuous dependence of solutions of the modeling equations on control.
To probabilistic description of an ensemble of trajectories to a continuous-discrete control system with incomplete information
Authors: Maksimov Vladimir P.
Published: October 2023

A linear control system with continuous and discrete times and discrete memory is considered. The model includes an uncertainty in the description of operators implementing control actions. This uncertainty is a consequence of random disturbances under the assumption of their uniform distribution over known intervals. With each implementation a corresponding trajectory arises from random perturbations, and in the aggregate - an ensemble of trajectories, for which a component-by-component probabilistic description is given in the form of a set of probability density functions parametrized by the current time. To construct these functions, the previously obtained representation of the Cauchy operator of the system under consideration is used. The proposed probabilistic description of perturbations for trajectory variables allows one to find their standard characteristics, including expectation and variance, as well as the entire possible range of values. The results are constructive in nature and allow for effective computer implementation. An illustrative example is given.
Regularization of classical optimality conditions in optimization problems for linear Volterra-type systems with functional constraints
Authors: Sumin Vladimir I. , Sumin Mikhail I.
Published: October 2023

We consider the regularization of classical optimality conditions (COCs) — the Lagrange principle (LP) and the Pontryagin maximum principle (PMP) — in a convex optimal control problem with functional constraints such as equalities and inequalities. The controlled system is given by a linear functional-operator equation of the second kind of general form in the space L_2^m, the main operator on the right side of the equation is assumed to be quasi-nilpotent. The problem functional to be minimized is convex (probably not strongly). The regularization of the COCs in the non-iterative and iterative forms is based on the use of the methods of dual regularization and iterative dual regularization, respectively. Obtaining non-iterative regularized COCs uses two regularization parameters, one of which is “responsible” for the regularization of the dual problem, the other is contained in a strongly convex regularizing Tikhonov addition to the objective functional of the original problem, thereby ensuring the correctness of the problem of minimizing the Lagrange function. The main purpose of regularized LP and PMP is the stable generation of minimizing approximate solutions (MASs) in the sense of J. Warga. Regularized COCs: 1) are formulated as existence theorems for MASs in the original problem with simultaneous constructive representation of specific MASs; 2) are sequential generalizations of classical analogues — their limiting variants and preserve the general structure of the latter; 3) “overcome” the ill-posedness properties of the COCs and give regularizing algorithms for solving optimization problems. Illustrating examples are considered: the problem of optimal control for the equation with delay, the problem of optimal control for the integrodifferential equation of the type of transport equation.
SÖYLEM İŞLEVLERİ BAĞLAMINDA ARGODAKİ BEN ÖZNESİNİN ÇOĞUL KİŞİ OLARAK KODLANIMI
Authors: SEBZECİOĞLU Turgay , ARDIÇ Ayşe
Published: October 2023

Söylemde kişi, yer ve zaman en önemli göstericilerdir. Dillerde söylemin kişi gösterimi çoğunlukla kişiye gönderimde bulunan adıllar veya eklerle kodlanır. Özellikle karşılıklı konuşma söyleminde konuşmacı toplumdilbilimsel yansımaların bileşimini oluşturan öznelliğini “ben” adılı temelinde biçimlendirir. Konuşmacı “ben” adılıyla yansıttığı öznelliğini farklı kişi adıllarıyla örüntüleyebilir. Bu tür örüntülemeler karşılıklı konuşma stratejileri içerisinde değerlendirilebilecek hamlelerdir. Böylece konuşmacı olay ve durumlara karşı olan tutumunu daha iyi bir biçimde aktarabilmeyi amaçlar. Bu doğrultuda “ben” adılının sözcelemede kişi kayması, kişi değiştirme veya adıl değiştirimi ile adlandırılabilecek çoğullama işlemlemeleri dışlayıcı biz (exclusive we), kapsayıcı biz (inclusive we), samimiyet, belirsizleştirme, sorumluluktan kaçınma, kümeleme gibi işlevlerin aktarımında önemli bir görev üstlenir. Karşılıklı konuşmalarda yer alan argo kullanımları, söz konusu işlevlerin etkin bir biçimde gözlemlenebildiği örnekleri sunmaktadır. Bu çalışma çeşitli argo kullanımları üzerinden “ben” adılının kişi kayması sonucunda ortaya çıkan çoğullanmalarını incelemekte ve çoğullamanın yansıttığı işlevlerin betimlemesini yapmayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmanın sonucunda argodaki “ben” öznesine ilişkin çoğullanmanın argonun genel işlevleriyle örtüşecek biçimde dışlayıcı kümeleme, dışlayıcı biz veya dışlanmışlık işlevi, kapsayıcı kümeleme, kapsayıcı biz veya bağdaşıklık işlevi, böbürlenme, büyüklük taslama ve yüceltme işlevi, güçsüzlüğü örtme işlevi, belirsiz bir “ben” yaratma işlevi, işbirliği duygusu yaratma işlevi, teklif işlevi, tersinleme işlevi, düş kırıklığı veya kendine kızgınlık işlevi gibi işlevleri aktararak konuşucu öznelliğinin daha güçlü bir biçimde yansıtıldığı anlaşılmıştır.
Experiences with Supporting Teachers with Scholarship of Teaching and Learning at a Research-Intensive University: Lessons Learned
Authors: Meijerman Irma , Kirschner Femke , Prins Frans
Published: October 2023

Scholarship of Teaching and Learning (SoTL) is a fast-maturing field of study within many research-intensive universities. SoTL improves the quality of teaching, the professional development of teachers, and the recognition and appreciation of education. To encourage SoTL, it is important to know how to support teachers. This study describes two pilot initiatives with the goal to encourage and support teachers at a research-intensive university with their first SoTL project. In both pilots, a community of practice (CoP) approach was used. The experiences with the pilots were investigated with questionnaires and interviews. Based on the feedback of participants, albeit with some caution because of the relatively small sample size of this study, suggestions for future initiatives that support teachers new to SoTL at research-intensive institutes are: 1) the use of a combination of a CoP and individual guidance by experienced SoTL facilitators; 2) the creation of opportunities for formal and informal interaction to strengthen the CoP; 3) encouraging participants to work together on (shared) aligned projects; 4) the provision of structured course elements with guided discussions; 5) the provision of theoretical support regarding the principles of SoTL, for example, finding and interpreting literature, formulating a research question, and choosing the research methodology; 6) structure the inclusion of students’ participations, perspectives, and roles in SoTL; 7) some form of obligation, such as an official status of the initiative; and 8) institutional support, such as providing recognition, time, and financial support. The lessons learned in this study have relevance for all universities seeking to embrace, encourage, and support SoTL, especially for those initiating their first SoTL-supporting activities.
Navigating between Scylla and Charybdis: SoTL as its Own Kind of Inquiry
Authors: Löfgreen Jennifer
Published: October 2023

Although there is ample literature that explores what SoTL is and offers guidelines on how to do SoTL, we have not paid enough attention to the fundamental assumptions that underpin systematic scholarly inquiry itself, regardless of the context or the object of study. Instead, we seem to have a narrative that relates SoTL to the disciplines and/or educational research. In this paper, I challenge this narrative with the help of philosophy of science. Specifically, I argue that SoTL is at risk of being appropriated by disciplinary paradigms. This means we would do well to adjust how we conceptualize SoTL. To find a better way, I use Habermas’ concept of knowledge-constitutive interests to argue that we should start by recognizing the fundamental interests at play when we do SoTL, regardless of disciplinary context. I connect Habermas’ three interests (instrumental, interpretive, and emancipatory) to Hutchings’ taxonomy of SoTL questions (what works? what is? and what could be?) and to three basic paradigms of inquiry (normative, interpretive, and critical realist). These connections show how philosophy of science in the form of Habermas’ critical theory can combine with existing conceptual literature on SoTL and established paradigms of inquiry that exist independently of the disciplines. I aim to show that we can use philosophy of science to conceptualize SoTL in a way that allows it to stand fully on its own merits, as its own form of inquiry, with disciplinary perspectives only influencing it in appropriate and useful ways.
Las propuestas de evaluación docente en Argentina (2015-2019).
Authors: Rodrigo Lucrecia , Rodríguez Moyano Inés
Published: October 2023

El artículo se propone analizar las orientaciones de las políticas de formación docente destinadas a la evaluación que tomaron impulso en Argentina en el marco de los recientes procesos de restauración conservadora (2015-2019). Se parte de reconocer la injerencia de la tendencia internacional que sitúa a estas medidas como mecanismos de regulación y control del trabajo pedagógico. En particular, se indaga en el programa “Enseñar” que se propuso evaluar el desempeño de los estudiantes que estaban por finalizar su formación como docentes. Se identifican sus fundamentos, propósitos y sujetos destinatarios, así como los antecedentes y condiciones normativas que posibilitaron su implementación. Se finaliza planteando algunos aspectos legales y políticos que definieron la viabilidad y el alcance del programa en Argentina.
Islamic Religious Education and Interreligious Tolerance in a Multi-Religious Country: Challenges, Typological Implications, and the Proposed Strategy
Authors: Fitriani Mohamad Iwan
Published: October 2023

This research examines contemporary challenges relating to the realization of intra- and interreligious tolerance within the Indonesian Islamic Religious Education (IRE) system. To this end, I identify three areas requiring revisiting: the challenges facing teachers of IRE regarding the promotion of intra- and interreligious tolerance, the implications of these challenges for typologies of student tolerance and intolerance, and the proposed strategy to cope with the challenges. The study utilizes a qualitative approach across multiple sites. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, document analysis, and observation at a madrasah (MA, Indonesian: Madrasah Aliyah) and two high schools (SMA, Indonesian: Sekolah Menengah Atas). Data were analyzed through six steps of Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis. This research finds that: (1) challenges related to the emergence of intra- and interreligious intolerance are traced to the domination of the mono-religious education model within the study of IRE in MA and SMAs; (2) the domination of this mono-religious education model is implicated in several tolerance and intolerance student typologies, such as active-passive intolerance and active-passive tolerance and active intra- and interreligious tolerance; (3) the proposed strategy to cope with challenges faced by IRE teachers to promote intra and inter-religious tolerance is mutual enrichment religious education model, which could be supported via macro-, meso-, and micro-educational system policy and regulation. The proposed model significantly contributes to integrating gradually three pivotal elements constructing intra and interreligious tolerance, namely, "my truth," "your truth," and "our truth."
A desindustrialização no Brasil: algumas notas para entender o processo
Authors: Carmo Jefferson Carriello do
Published: October 2023

O objetivo do texto é identificar como ocorre o processo de desindustrialização no Brasil e suas causas. No campo metodológico, a análise procedeu da pesquisa bibliográfica de cunho explanatório e analítico, com ênfase no processo histórico, com vistas a compreender tal processo. Verificou-se, de forma geral, nos tempos históricos, que a desindustrialização assume distintas conotações, mas, no seu cerne, aponta para a redução persistente da participação do emprego industrial no emprego total de um país ou região na indústria de transformação. Indica, ainda, uma situação na qual tanto o emprego industrial como o valor adicionado da indústria se reduzem em relação ao emprego total do PIB. Constatou-se também que, com a chegada do neoliberalismo, período apoiado em uma política de enfraquecimento do Estado, privatizações, baixo índice de investimento no setor educacional e economia focada somente na exportação vêm impossibilitando o crescimento industrial do Brasil.
Qualidade de vida no trabalho: um estudo com profissionais da saúde no setor público
Authors: Souza Vanessa , Lourenço Rosenery Loureiro , Souza Elis Regina , Fonseca Simone Sousa OLiveira
Published: October 2023

Objetivou-se compreender como os trabalhadores de um hospital público percebem a qualidade de vida no trabalho. A pesquisa utilizou o modelo de Walton (1973) para mensurar a QVT de 225 trabalhadores de um hospital na Região Centro-Oeste do Brasil. Os resultados mostram que, em apenas três dos oito critérios de Walton, a satisfação dos trabalhadores é superior à insatisfação. Os maiores percentuais de insatisfação dizem respeito à participação nos resultados, carga de trabalho, cansaço causado pelo trabalho, incentivo oferecido para qualificação, respeito pelos direitos do trabalhador, influência do trabalho sobre a possibilidade de lazer pessoal e política de recursos humanos. De outro lado, os maiores percentuais de satisfação estão relacionados à importância da atividade realizada, responsabilidade de trabalho recebida, ao relacionamento com chefe e colegas e ao orgulho do trabalho desenvolvido. A pesquisa contribuiu para destacar pontos críticos da QVT e mostrou elementos carentes de atenção organizacional.
Fatores que contribuem para a hesitação e recusa vacinal no Brasil
Authors: Santos Jéssica Alves dos , Lemos Patrícia de Lima , Gonçalves Lorena Araújo Ribeiro
Published: October 2023

Apesar da disponibilidade de vacinas, a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), no ano de 2019, declarou a relutância da população em se vacinar, ameaçando reverter o progresso feito no combate às doenças evitáveis pela imunização, causando retorno de doenças já erradicadas. Este estudo objetivou analisar, conforme a literatura, os fatores relacionados à hesitação e recusa vacinal no Brasil. Os resultados mostram que a incerteza quanto à reatogenicidade e segurança das vacinas, o medo dos eventos adversos e a falta de informação/orientação foram as principais causas da recusa vacinal. As divulgações de fake news, a baixa percepção do risco de doenças e a desconfiança na ciência acontecem devido à falta de informação e conhecimento sobre a importância da vacina. A enfermagem tem papel imprescindível em promover o conhecimento sobre vacinação. Faz-se necessária a incorporação de ações educativas, no intuito de reestabelecer altas coberturas vacinais, evitando o recrudescimento de doenças já erradicadas ou o aumento de doenças controladas.
The Role of Product-influencer Congruence, Influencer credibility, and Attitude toward Advertising on Purchase Intention
Authors: Putri Nadia Ramadhani Nugroho , Handriana Tanti
Published: October 2023

The aims of this study to see whether there is an effect of product-influencer congruence on influencer credibility and attitude toward advertising and how it impacts purchase intention. This study examines the suitability of Avoskin Your Skin Bae Shield of Sun Essence products and influencer Refal Hady who is the star of advertisements that uploaded via Instagram reels. Using a quantitative approach, this research examines data through SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) analysis techniques based on Partial Least Square (PLS) and uses the SmartPLS 3 application. Respondents in this study are Instagram users who have watched Avoskin Your Skin Bae Shield of Sun Essence advertisement. starring Refal Hady but have never bought the product, are over 18 years old and there are 175 respondents who have fulfilled the screening. The results of this study indicate that product-influencer congruence has a positive influence on influencer credibility and attitude toward advertising, and has an impact on purchase intention, and attitude toward advertising has a positive influence on purchase intention. However, influencer credibility has no influence on purchase intention.
Section Articles Model of Character Education for College Students in the Era of VUCA
Authors:   Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Nudin Burhan , Awliya Wizarati ,   Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Prayesti Tyas ,   Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Malik Nur Zakiyah Binti Abd. ,   Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Yudin Hazwa Izatti Binti Zaki ,   Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Iffah Binti Juhari Anisah ,   Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Saputra Kurniawan Dwi ,   Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta
Published: October 2023

With the presence of the fourth industrial revolution, humanity is faced with an increasingly Volatile, Uncertain, Complex and Ambiguous (VUCA) era. In such period, besides knowledge and skills, individuals are also required to embody strong character to confront the unpredictable challenges. This study aims to analyse character education for Indonesian and Malaysian Muslim college students in the VUCA era. This research uses qualitative approach with descriptive method and purposive sampling technique. The research has been conducted at Universitas Islam Indonesia (UII) and Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). Subject of this research were lecturers at UII and UKM. Data collection techniques include interviews, observation, and documentation. The data analysis method uses an interactive model. This study reveals that they are similarities as well as differences in the model of character education in UII and UKM. Lecturers in both UII and UKM observe the severe importance of character education for muslim college student in VUCA era. However, while lecturers in UKM emphasis on teaching technical preparation, UII lecturers inclined towards more personal approach and intense communications.
Section Articles Overcoming Hoax: Prophet Muhammad's Strategies Integrated in PAI Teaching and Learning
Authors:   UIN Syarif Hidayatullah, Jakarta, Nasuki Ahmad , Askar Romlah Abu Bakar ,   UIN Syarif Hidayatullah, Jakarta
Published: October 2023

The spread of false information, or hoaxes, occurs swiftly in cyberspace. Often, this widespread information has significant impact on people's lives. Unfortunately, hoaxes have targeted the youth, who represent the future generation. Therefore, it is of paramount importance for education to provide young students with comprehensive guidance on how to navigate and mitigate the impact of hoaxes. Hence, the objective of this study is to address hoaxes by examining the strategies employed by Prophet Muhammad and incorporating these strategies into Islamic Religious Education (PAI). The study employed a qualitative approach, specifically a literature review, to gather pertinent data related to the research. Primary and secondary sources were utilized as the data sources. Data analysis techniques involved condensing and evaluating the collected data, followed by the interpretation, conclusion, and verification of the selected data. The study's findings indicate that Prophet Muhammad employed four strategies to combat hoaxes: emotion management, discussion, broadening perspectives, and clarification. These strategies can be integrated into PAI, encompassing both curricular and extracurricular activities.
Section Articles Habituation Model of Arabic Learning in Modern Islamic Boarding School: A Case Study of Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor
Authors:   Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta, Jakarta, Setiawan Andry , Husain Andi Musthafa ,   Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Bahri Saiful ,   Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta, Jakarta
Published: October 2023

Acquiring proficiency in Arabic as a non-Arabic native requires effort and constant practice for the language to become carved in the individual's linguistic repertoire. This inquiry aims to analyze and describe in depth the following efforts to familiarize the Arabic language in Gontor. It discusses how Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor applies the Arabic habituation model for understanding Arabic literacy, which discusses the methods, systems, roles of each element, and the results of the habituation. This study employs a qualitative approach that includes direct observation, interviews, and documentation. The findings revealed that the Arabic habituation model in Gontor was carried out systematically, using a direct technique, and that diverse activities and a conducive atmosphere were built in it to promote the habituation, and that every element of the Gontor played a role in generating an optimal language milieu.
Optimizing Learning: Applying the Pomodoro Technique in Islamic Education
Authors:   Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, Indonesia, Rafliyanto Muhammad , Mukhlis Fahrudin ,   Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, Indonesia
Published: October 2023

This research is motivated by students' difficulties in comprehending the material provided by educators. Among the contributing factors is the educators' lack of innovation in designing instruction. Students struggle to grasp the subject matter due to the instructors' abilities not being fully utilized in the design of teaching methods. This study seeks to demonstrate how the Pomodoro learning method is employed within the framework of official education guidelines for teaching Islamic religion. The research is conducted as a field study utilizing descriptive qualitative research techniques. The locus of the study is the Muhammadiyah Islamic Vocational High School (SMK) 2 Malang. Data collection for this study is carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation. The method of data analysis consists of data reduction, presentation, and drawing conclusions. The findings of this study depict that the Pomodoro learning technique is a time-management oriented approach, thereby ensuring that the concentration level of the students' learning remains undisturbed. This learning technique requires habitual practice to enable students to regulate their study time effectively.
Black Holes in Starobinsky-Bel-Robinson Gravity and the Breakdown of Quasinormal Modes/Null Geodesics Correspondence
Authors: Bolokhov Sergey
Published: October 2023

We show that perturbations of a scalar field in the background of the black hole obtained with the Starobinsky-Bel-Robinson Gravity is unstable unless the dimensionless coupling $\beta$ describing the compactification of M-theory is small enough. In the sector of stability quasinormal spectrum show peculiar behavior both in the frequency and time domains: the ringing consists of two stages where two different modes dominate. The WKB method does not reproduce part of the spectrum including the fundamental mode, which is responsible for the first stage of the ringing. Consequently, the correspondence between the eikonal quasinormal modes and null geodesics allows to reproduce only part of the eikonal spectrum. The frequencies are obtained with the help of three methods (Frobenius, WKB and time-domain integration) with excellent agreement among them.
Modeling Field Electron Emission From a Flat Au (100) Surface With Density-Functional Theory
Authors: Li Yiming , Mann Joshua , Rosenzweig James
Published: October 2023

Field electron emission, or electron tunneling through a potential barrier under the influence of a strong electrostatic field, is of broad interest to the accelerator physics community. For example, it is the source of undesirable dark currents in resonant cavities, providing a limit to high-field operation. The classical approach to field electron emission is the Fowler-Nordheim (FN) framework, which incorporates a simplified surface potential and various assumptions. Here we build a more realistic model using the potential and charge densities derived from a density-functional theory (DFT) calculation. We examine the correction factors associated with each model assumption. Compared to the FN framework, our results can be extended up to 80 GV/m, a limit that has been reached in laser-induced strong field emission scenarios.
A Portable Three-Layer Compton Camera for Wide-Energy Range Gamma-Ray Imaging: Design, Simulation and Preliminary Testing
Authors: Zhang Jipeng , Xiao Xiong , Chen Ye , Zhang Bin , Ma Xinhua , Ai Xianyun , Li Jinglun
Published: October 2023

(1) Background: The imaging energy range of a typical Compton camera is limited due to the fact that scattered gamma photons are seldom fully absorbed when the incident energies are above 3 MeV. Further improving the upper energy limit of gamma-ray imaging has important application significance in active interrogation of special nuclear materials and chemical warfare agents, as well as range verification of proton therapy; (2) Methods: To realize gamma-ray imag-ing in a wide energy range of 0.3~7 MeV, a principle prototype, named a portable three-layer Compton camera, was developed using the scintillation detector that consist of an silicon photo-multiplier array coupled with a Gd3Al2Ga3O12:Ce pixelated scintillator array. Implemented in a list-mode maximum likelihood expectation maximization algorithm, a far-field energy-domain imaging method based on two-interaction and three-interaction events was applied to estimate the initial energy and spatial distribution of gamma-ray sources. The simulation model of detec-tors was established based on Monte Carlo simulation toolkit Geant4. The reconstructed images of a 133Ba, a 137Cs and a 60Co point-like sources were successfully obtained with our prototype in laboratory tests and compared with simulation studies; (3) Results: The proportion of effective imaging events accounted for about 2%, which made our prototype realize reconstructing the distribution of a 0.05 μSv/h 137Cs source in 10 seconds. The angular resolution for resolving two 137Cs point-like sources was 15°. Additional simulated imaging of the 6.13 MeV gamma-rays from 14.1 MeV neutron scattering with water preliminarily demonstrated the imaging capability for high incident energy; (4) Conclusions: We concluded that the prototype had good imaging per-formance in a wide energy range (0.3~7 MeV), which showed potential in several MeV gam-ma-ray imaging applications.
Ultra-Compact Silicon-Based 180-Degree Waveguide Bend Using Digital Metamaterials
Authors: Chen Zan Hui , Shui Furong , Xu Lei , Xiao Gongli , Li Haiou
Published: October 2023

Bending waveguide is one of the building blocks of on-chip photonic integrated circuits (PICs). Previous bending waveguides (BWs) usually suffer from larger footprint size in the bending region, which is are not conducive to develop large-scale and high-density PICs. To this end, we propose and numerically investigate an ultra-compact silicon-on-insulator 180-degree waveguide bend with a bending radius of 2 µm. Being different from the previous BWs, the design is based on topologically optimized digital metamaterials, which is implemented by using intelligent genetic algorithms. Simulated results show that the proposed structure has a -1.36 dB bend efficiency per 180-degree at a wavelength of 1.55 µm and occupies a footprint of only 4 × 4 µm2. Moreover, the crosstalk is <−20 dB and the loss is <2.6 dB over a >100 nm operating bandwidth (1.6-1.7 µm) for TE0 modes. With the wide operating bandwidth and ultra-compact footprint, the proposed silicon-based 180-degree waveguide bend shows a potential application as the fundamental component for optical communication interconnect in the ultra-highly integrated photonic circuit.
AIOL: An Improved Orthogonal Lattice Algorithm for the General Approximate Common Divisor Problem
Authors: Ran Yinxia , Pan Yun , Wang Licheng , Cao Zhenfu
Published: October 2023

The security of several fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) schemes depends on the intractability assumption of the approximate common divisor (ACD) problem over integers. Subsequent efforts on solving the ACD problem as well as its variants were also developed during the past decade. In this paper, an improved orthogonal lattice (OL) based algorithm, AIOL, is proposed to solve the general approximate common divisor (GACD) problem. The conditions for ensuring the feasibility of AIOL are also presented. Compared to the Ding-Tao’s OL algorithm, the well-know LLL reduction is used only once in AIOL, and when the error vector r is recovered in AIOL, the possible difference between the restored and the true value of p is given. The experimental comparisons towards the Ding-Tao’s algorithm and ours are also provided for validating our improvements.
A Qualitative Study on Violence against Women during Franco’s Dictatorship in Spain
Authors: Fernández-Sola Cayetano , Jiménez-Lasserrotte María del Mar , Toledano-Sierra María , Ruiz-Fernández María Dolores , Plaza Del Pino Fernando , Hernández-Padilla José Manuel , Granero-Molina José
Published: October 2023

(1) Background: Franco’s dictatorship was an authoritarian regime in Europe in the twentieth century. The political and historical context has a significant influence on the socio-cultural make-up of each era, having consequences on equality and violence against women. The objec-tive of our study is to explore and understand women’s experiences of violence against women during the Franco regime and how it affects them today; (2) Methods: This qualitative study ex-plores violence against women in Francoist Spain. Data was colleted between January and march 2022 through twenty-one interviews were carried out with female survivors of Francoism; (3) Results: Three themes emerged from the analysis: underlying social conditions that allow for vio-lence against women; forms of violence against women: from punishment to forced silence; dif-ferent standpoints about violence against women: the feminist struggle versus denial; (4) Conclu-sions: We concluded that the imposed patriarchy during Francoist repression was harmful for Spanish women for decades. Women suffered violence against women and they are still bearing the consequences, passing on attitudes that could contribute to the persistence of violence against women.
Comorbidity of Type 2 Diabetes and Dementia Among Hospitalized Patients in Los Angeles County, 2019-2021
Authors: Robinson D’Artagnan M. , Regos-Stewart Dalia , Reyes Mariana A , Kuo Tony , Barragan Noel C
Published: October 2023

Hospitalizations for patients with diabetes and dementia take a significant health and economic toll on older adults in the United States. The present study sought to examine the differences in hospitalization characteristics and outcomes associated with diabetes and dementia separately and together using discharge record data of Los Angeles County residents aged 50+ from the California Department of Health Care Access and Information for the period 2019-2021. Results from multiple linear regression analyses indicated that when compared to those with no diabetes or dementia, patients with diabetes alone exhibited the highest total charges, while those with comorbid diabetes and dementia exhibited lower charges (p≤.05). Results of a multinomial logistic regression found that patients with comorbid diabetes and dementia had the highest odds of having a length of stay of 7+ days (AOR=1.49; 95% CI=1.44-1.53). A matched-case control analysis found that comorbid diabetes and dementia was associated with significantly lower odds of hypertensive disease than diabetes alone (MOR=0.81; 95% CI=0.67-0.97). These results highlight the complexity of factors affecting variation in hospitalization outcomes across these distinct disease profiles. Findings suggest a need to carefully consider this complexity when developing health policies or strategies to improve hospitalization outcomes involving these disease conditions.
Work Fluctuations in Ergotropic Heat Engines
Authors: Chesi Giovanni , Macchiavello Chiara , Sacchi Massimiliano Federico
Published: October 2023

We study the work fluctuations in ergotropic heat engines, namely two-strokes quantum Otto engines where the work stroke is designed to extract the ergotropy (the maximum amount of work by a cyclic unitary evolution) from a couple of quantum systems at canonical equilibrium at two different temperatures, whereas the heat stroke thermalizes back the systems to their respective reservoirs. We provide an exaustive study for the case of two qutrits whose energy levels are equally spaced at two different frequencies by deriving the complete work statistics. By varying the values of temperatures and frequencies, only three kinds of optimal unitary strokes are found: the swap operator U1, an idle swap U2 (where one of the qutrits is regarded as an effective qubit), and a non trivial permutation of energy eigenstates U3, which indeed corresponds to the composition of the two previous unitaries, namely U3 = U2U1. While U1 and U2 are Hermitian (and hence involutions), U3 is not. This point has an impact on the thermodynamic uncertainty relations (TURs) which bound the signal-to-noise ratio of the extracted work in terms of the entropy production. In fact, we show that all TURs derived from a strong detailed fluctuation theorem are violated by the transformation U3.
Responsabilidad social en la producción de tabaco de Nayarit. ¿Un lavado de cara y de manos en la acumulación por despojo?
Authors: De Dios Hernández Dagoberto , Madera Pacheco Jesús Antonio
Published: October 2023

In Nayarit, Mexico, there is an Integrated System of Tobacco Production (SIPT) which operates mainly with the participation of campesino families. However, for some preparatory work and to guarantee the harvest, local jornaleros and indigenous migrant families from the mountainous regions of Nayarit, Jalisco, Durango, and Zacatecas are hired, manly on a temporarily basis. They live for several months in precarious conditions in the houses and yards of the growers and on the agricultural plots. Since the Marco’s Convention and the General Law on Tobacco Control, the companies that control the SIPT have adopted new narratives and strategies for managing and sustaining their businesses, mainly emphasizing the so-called Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). The objective of this article is to analyze the CSR actions of the tobacco companies from an approach of accumulation by dispossession, understanding CSR as a capitalist tool for the extraction of surplus value. With the support of a qualitative methodology, based on bibliographic and hemerographic review, direct observation, field diaries and interviews, also corporate actions comprised between 2018 and 2023 have also been documented. British American Tobacco and Tabacos del Pacífico Norte have "sponsored" the operation of the Florece centers and the Sustenta program in the tobacco fields of Nayarit, even though, in the tobacco reality of the tobacco industry the operation of such programs and their costs are assumed and absorbed by the growers, while the companies disseminate an image of sustainable business management.
Regional features of hospitalizations and outpatient medical care among adults with established hypertension
Authors: Shepel R. N. , Kolesnokova M. I. , Lusnikov V. P. , Kontsevaya A. V. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: October 2023

Aim. To analyze the indicators of hospitalization and outpatient visits of patients aged 18 years and older with hypertension (HЕТ) in federal districts (FD) and subjects of the Russian Federation from the perspective of the World Health Organization concept of ambulatory care sensitive conditions.

Material and methods. The analysis included data from the annual forms of federal statistics (forms № 12 and № 14), on the number of hospitalizations and the outpatient visits of patients aged 18 years and older diagnosed of HTN (ICD10: I10-I12) in 2022.

Results. We analyzed the data of the federal statistics (forms № 12 and № 14) of the FDs and subjects of the Russian Federation in 2022. It was found that the Siberian FD has one of the highest rates of adult outpatient visits with HЕТ aged 18 years and older, where, at the same time, one of the lowest rates of hospitalizations is recorded. In FDs with adult outpatient visits higher than the Russian average, there were higher adult hospitalization than the Russian average (Ural, Central and Volga FDs). In FDs with adult outpatient visits lower than the Russian average, there were higher adult hospitalization than the Russian average (South, North Caucasus and Far East FDs). In the Northwestern FD, adult outpatient visits and adult hospitalization were lower than the Russian average. When analyzing the HTN ratio among the adult population aged 18 years and older, the highest indicator was recorded in the North Caucasus FD, while the heterogeneity of the indicator within the FD was one of the highest among the other FDs. The lowest HTN ratio indicator among the adult population aged 18 years and older was recorded in the Ural FD, while the heterogeneity of the indicator within the FD was the lowest among the other FDs. There was a high variability of the ratio both for all subjects of the Russian Federation and FDs. The ratio values ranged from 1,2 in the Nizhny Novgorod region to 12,26 in the Republic of Dagestan.

Conclusion. Accounting for diseases that can be treated on an outpatient basis can help to assess the quality of care to the adult population in primary health care facilities. However, before including this indicator as a quality criterion, a deeper understanding of the reasons influencing its change is required.
Analysis of the technical level of gear hydraulic machines of «Hydrosyla» JSC
Authors: Avrunin Grygoriy , Moroz Irina
Published: October 2023

Target. The study of the design, hydraulic circuits of aggregation, technical characteristics and requirements for the operation of gear hydraulic machines manufactured by the domestic enterprise "Hydrosila" and their comparison with leading manufacturers. Today, gear pumps and hydraulic motors are widely used in various industries, including in the sector of machines for mobile applications: tractors, road construction and lifting and transport machines, machines for airport maintenance, etc.

Method. Analysis of the standard size ranges of pumps and hydraulic motors according to the main technical parameters, including the pressure developed, the supply of the working fluid, torque, rotational speed and output power and overall weight indicators, as well as hydraulic circuit diagrams of aggregation by overload protection and energy saving devices.

Results. A wide range of gear hydraulic machines "Hydrosila" in terms of working volumes, technical characteristics, design features in terms of protection against overloads and energy saving, in particular, the use of a priority valve, allows you to increase the technical level of a whole class of agricultural, road construction, municipal and airfield machines. The given materials will also be useful in the educational process for specialists in mechanical engineering who study  hydraulic fluid power drive as a means of raising the technical level of various machines and mechanisms.
Using a quadratic quality criterion for the synthesis of complex control systems
Authors: Kalinin Evgeny , Achkevych Vasyl , Achkevych Oksana , Pogorilyy Oleksandr
Published: October 2023

The main difficulties, which are blamed for the synthesis of system control of wheeled machines according to the quadratic criterion of efficiency, are the choice of elementary matrices, with which the system of dynamic characteristics is synthesized. Therefore, in the robot, the information about the establishment of the fallowness of the dynamic powers of the optimal system in terms of the value of the elements of the matrix of the matrix according to the criterion of capacity is considered. Since the number of elements is the most important parameters for the synthesis, it is hoped that it will be possible to recognize the most important coefficients, without intermediary swaying through the parameters of the transitional process in the system.
Method of determining of reasonable tire sizes for wheeled agricultural tractors
Authors: Rebrov Oleksii , Malko Maksym , Rebrova Anastasiia , Yakunin Maksym
Published: October 2023

The article presents the method of determining rational tire sizes for wheeled agricultural tractors, which includes several stages. At the first stage, from the broad nomenclature of tires, the sizes that do not satisfy the compositional restrictions on the outer diameter, profile width and mounting diameter are excluded from consideration. At the second stage, tires that have not passed the load capacity and estimated value of the maximum pressure on the soil are excluded from consideration. At the third stage, the indicators of net productivity and fuel consumption per hectare are determined in fallow and no-fall tillage. Along with this, the maximum pressure on the soil and the probability of fulfilling the agro-ecological requirements by the tractor regarding the maximum pressure on the soil in the spring and summer-autumn periods are determined according to the specified methods.

On the basis of the obtained data, a tractor efficiency criterion was formed on the appropriate tires, which includes the components of traction efficiency and environmental safety of the tractor. According to the proposed criterion, the perspective of using the existing tire sizes that have passed the specified inspections is evaluated. To obtain complete information, the method also involves determining the expediency of using dual or triple tires and ballasting the tractor. According to the proposed method, a prospective study of the use of tire sizes for the KhTZ-160U tractor was conducted.
Methods of composition of different approximations in the simulation of dynamic processes
Authors: Dmytriyeva Olga
Published: October 2023

The paper investigates methods of composing difference approximations for forming single- and multi-step parallel difference schemes of a given order, oriented to the numerical solution of the Cauchy problem for both ordinary differential equations and evolutionary partial differential equations. The proposed discrete approximations allow us to vary the order of the error, departing from the maximum possible on a fixed set of nodes, but ensuring absolute or A-α stability of numerical solutions. The study of the properties of the proposed transition matrices connecting the reference and design points allows us to determine the nature of the stability of the generated difference schemes according to the initial data and the right-hand sides. Automatic generation of stable difference schemes allows taking into account the topology of the processor field, and thus, using the available computing resource with maximum efficiency. Figs.: 10. Refs.: 18 titles.
Constructing tests methods for the interactive computer networks at the structural-logical level
Authors: Miroshnyk Maryna , Shkil Olexandr , Rakhlis Dariia , Miroshnyk Miroshnyk , Loboyhenko Dmytro
Published: October 2023

Synthesizing test sequences methods for interactive computer networks using cyclic, distinguishing and characteristic symbols for the FSM model of a network cell have been developed. A new method for state diagram modification of a cell, which doesn't have a distinguishing sequence and provides for the input of an additional input symbol and usage of state codes, which generates a Hamilton cycle in the sequence of transitions has been developed and substantiated. Methods and procedures for the synthesis of one-dimensional and two-dimensional networks with distributed configuration control have been developed. Figs.: 1. Refs.: 10 titles.