bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Arteritis de células gigantes
Authors: Zamora Daniela , Solano Juan Carlos , Goyenaga Adrián , Sittenfeld Roberto
Published: October 2024

Resumen La arteritis de células gigantes (ACG) es una vasculitis crónica granulomatosa de arterias de mediano y gran calibre, siendo esta la vasculitis sistémica más común en personas mayores de 50 años. La fisiopatología puede explicarse por la activación de células dendríticas en la capa adventicia que lleva a la producción de citoquinas inflamatorias, aunque la causa de este proceso no es clara. La variedad en afectación topográfica lleva a distintas presentaciones clínicas con afectación tanto del sistema nervioso central como extracraneal, siendo una causa importante de cefalea secundaria en el adulto mayor. El diagnóstico por medio de biopsia de la arteria temporal continúa siendo el estándar de oro, aunque el uso de estudios de imagen como el ultrasonido, resonancia magnética y tomografía computarizada de las arterias afectadas puede brindar orientación valiosa en casos con biopsias negativas. La terapia con glucocorticoides en altas dosis es el tratamiento de elección y no debe ser postergado a la espera de la confirmación histopatológica, debido al riesgo de complicaciones isquémicas tales como la pérdida de la visión. El uso de agentes ahorradores de esteroides es tema de discusión, sin embargo, es una opción válida dado el riesgo de toxicidad asociada a glucocorticoides. En este artículo, se realiza una revisión bibliográfica acerca de las generalidades de la ACG (Arteritis de Células Gigantes), así como de puntos claves e importantes para el abordaje y manejo.
Taponamiento cardiaco como manifestación inicial de linfoma de Hodgkin y su diagnóstico diferencial con ultrasonido en el punto de atención en tiempos del COVID-19
Authors: Angulo Sibaja Sebastián
Published: October 2024

Resumen Contexto: reportar un caso de taponamiento cardiaco como manifestación inicial de linfoma de Hodgkin y su diagnóstico diferencial como síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda por medio del POCUS en tiempos de pandemia por COVID-19. Reporte de un caso: se presenta caso de un masculino de 21 años, conocido previo sano, con cuadro clínico de dificultad respiratoria subaguda asociado a síntomas constitucionales y fiebre, el cual se catalogó como sospechoso de COVID-19 siendo esto descartado por medio de la realización de la PCR; sin embargo, por medio de la implementación del POCUS en el abordaje inicial, se logra documentar la presencia de taponamiento cardiaco asociado a derrame pleural izquierdo como causa de su cuadro respiratorio que conllevó a la realización de una TC de tórax y cervical con presencia de masa mediastínica y adenopatías cervicales, a las cuales se les tomaron biopsia percutáneas y determinaron el diagnóstico de linfoma de Hodgkin, variante esclerosis nodular. Conclusión: la utilización del POCUS permite obtener diagnósticos diferenciales guiados por la clínica cuando se muestran cuadros clínicos heterogéneos, como lo es la presencia de taponamiento cardiacos secundario a una neoplasia linfoide y en un contexto de pandemia por virus respiratorio.
Enfermedad de Lyme
Authors: Banegas Peña Norma , Banegas Peña Omar , Barillas Lamuño Hilver , Corella Solano Alejandro José , Riday Morúa Jessica
Published: October 2024

Resumen La enfermedad de Lyme, también llamada borreliosis, es una infección transmitida por la picadura de garrapatas del tipo Ixodes. Es causada por una espiroqueta del género Borrelia. El reservorio más frecuente de esta bacteria son los roedores. Esta es la enfermedad más común de las transmitidas por garrapatas a humanos, y se observa predominantemente en regiones templadas del hemisferio norte. La infección inicia con lesiones en la piel, conocidas como eritema migrans; si no se trata adecuadamente, puede evolucionar a un cuadro diseminado, en particular, con afección del sistema nervioso central y luego de las articulaciones. Su diagnóstico se basa en clínica y exploración física, con confirmación serológica. El tratamiento depende del estadio de la enfermedad en el que se encuentre el paciente y se basa principalmente en antibioticoterapia. Los antibióticos de elección para la enfermedad de Lyme son doxiciclina, amoxicilina y acetil cefuroxima en vía oral y cefiriaxona por vía intravenosa.
Metástasis a Sistema Nervioso Central: Melanoma
Authors: Benavides Jiménez María Paz , Zamora Chavarría Alejandro
Published: October 2024

Resumen El melanoma es un tipo de cáncer maligno originado de los melanocitos cuyo origen predominante es cutáneo. La tasa de incidencia de metástasis de melanoma al sistema nervioso central ha ido en aumento durante las últimas décadas pero a su vez, la eficacia diagnóstica en estadios tempranos. El melanoma se ubica en tercer lugar en frecuencia de neoplasias metastásicas al sistema nervioso central. Al momento del diagnóstico de una metástasis a nivel central la mayoría de pacientes se encuentran asintomáticos. El método de elección diagnóstico con mayor sensibilidad y especificidad es la resonancia magnética, sin embargo la tomografía computarizada puede ser empleada como una opción válida. Existen diferentes abordajes terapéuticos que incluyen el manejo quirúrgico y médico que influyen en el pronóstico de estos pacientes a largo plazo. En esta revisión se detalla más a fondo puntos importantes como etiología, epidemiología, manifestaciones clínicas, diagnóstico, manejo y pronóstico basado en recopilación bibliográfica con el fin de brindar información actualizada acerca de esta patología.
Tratamiento de trauma aórtico grado II asociado a origen de arteria vertebral izquierda de arco aórtico
Authors: Sandoval Alfaro Luis Raúl , Chaves Gómez José Alejandro , Brenes Gutiérrez José David , Sandoval Alfaro Ana Laura
Published: October 2024

Resumen El trauma aórtico contuso es una condición grave que se puede presentar hasta en el 33 % de las muertes por accidentes de tránsito. Se describe el caso de una mujer de 60 años con historia de 8 días de accidente automovilístico, en el que salió expulsada del vehículo aproximadamente 2 metros. Presentó múltiples fracturas costales y fractura de C7 que requirió inmovilización cervical. Durante la hospitalización, se documenta hemotórax izquierdo, por lo que se realiza angiotomografía axial computarizada, donde se documenta lesión aórtica tipo II a 8 mm del origen de la arteria subclavia izquierda y, además, de emergencia de la arteria vertebral izquierda del arco aórtico. Se realiza intervención aórtica endovascular torácica junto a chimenea hacia la arteria subclavia izquierda y embolización de arteria vertebral izquierda como resultado de exclusión completa de lesión aórtica.
Pengaruh Ekstrak Buah Naga Merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus) terhadap Kadar HDL Tikus Wistar Model Sindrom Metabolik
Authors: Putri Melliana Valensia , Subandono Jarot , Hermawan Danus , Putranto R. Prihandjojo Andri , Sarsono
Published: October 2024

Pendahuluan: Sindrom metabolik ditandai dengan hipertensi, obesitas sentral, resistensi insulin, dan dislipidemia. Hylocereus polyrhizus dipercaya dapat mengobati sindrom metabolik. Metode: Penelitian eksperimental laboratorik dengan desain pretest dan posttest control group. Sebanyak 30 tikus dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok: K1 dan K2 kontrol negatif dan positif, kemudian K3, K4, K5 kelompok yang diberi ekstrak Hylocereus polyrhizus dengan dosis berturut-turut 60, 120, 180 mg/200 gBB. Data dianalisis dengan uji one-way ANOVA, uji Tukey HSD, uji T berpasangan, dan uji korelasi Pearson. Hasil: Kadar HDL tertinggi terdapat pada K5 dan terendah pada K1. Uji korelasi Pearson menunjukkan dosis Hylocereus polyrhizus mempunyai hubungan sangat kuat dengan peningkatan kadar HDL. Simpulan: Dosis ekstrak Hylocereus polyrhizus 60, 120, 180 mg/200 gBB dapat meningkatkan kadar HDL secara signifikan. Pada penelitian ini, dosis paling optimal adalah 180 mg/200 gBB.
Prevention of Severe Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease Melalui Vaksinasi Enterovirus 71
Authors: Aditya Thomas
Published: October 2024

Indonesian Ministry of Health detected an increasing trend in suspected hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in all provinces in Indonesia in 2024. Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is the main cause of severe HFMD and death. There has been no specific therapy for EV71. EV71 vaccine has been developed and approved by regulatory agencies in various countries (China, Thailand, and Indonesia) for the prevention of HFMD due to EV71. Multi-center phase IV study showed a good safety profile with an AEFI of 1,079%. Most AEFIs are grades 1 and 2.
Hybrid CNN-GRU model for monthly electricity price forecasting: Performance evaluation on limited multivariable time-series Data
Authors: Yaprakdal Fatma
Published: October 2024

Understanding electricity pricing dynamics is crucial for market participants, as prices reflect supply and demand balances. Accurate medium-term price prediction aids in maintenance scheduling, expansion planning, and contracting, but poses challenges due to a long forecasting horizon and limited explanatory data. This paper proposes a hybrid forecasting system that merges Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Gated Recurrent Units (GRU) for estimating monthly electricity prices. The CNN performs feature extraction, while the GRU handles temporal regression. We evaluate model performance using mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and the coefficient of determination (R²). Experimental results indicate that our model outperforms both popular deep learning (DL) methods (GRU, LSTM) and machine learning (ML) techniques (SVR, RF, XGBoost), confirming the feasibility and effectiveness of this approach for accurate electricity price prediction.
Enhancing participant experience: Perceptions of BPJS employment services
Authors: Helmi Sulaiman , Sofyan Yayan , Yusana Yeva
Published: October 2024

BPJS Ketenagakerjaan plays an important role in the social security system for workers in Indonesia, providing protection for workers through programs such as old age security, death security, work accident security, and pension security. Since its launch in 2014, this institution has reached various levels of working society. However, the quality of services provided by BPJS Ketenagakerjaan is the main key in determining participant satisfaction and trust. Evaluation of participant perceptions is urgent to ensure that the services provided meet their expectations and needs. This study adopts a qualitative approach with a case study method to explore BPJS Ketenagakerjaan participants' perceptions of the services they receive. The qualitative approach was chosen because it offers the opportunity to explore in-depth and contextual understanding of how participants perceive and assess the quality of BPJS Ketenagakerjaan services. In this study, there are several limitations that need to be considered to provide context to the results obtained. First, this study uses a qualitative approach with a case study method, which means that the findings obtained may not fully represent the entire population of BPJS Ketenagakerjaan participants in Indonesia. The results of interviews and observations may be limited to the individual perspectives of the interviewed participants, so they do not cover all variations of experiences or views.
Integrating Ki Hadjar Dewantara's values in learning modules in elementary schools: Analysis of teacher and student needs
Authors: Setyaningsih Setyaningsih , Hidayatullah Furqon , Asrowi Asrowi , Rahman Abdul
Published: October 2024

This research investigates the significance of implementing Ki Hadjar Dewantara’s values in elementary schools as a strategy to mitigate bullying, which has a considerable negative impact on students both socially and academically. This study aimed to identify the needs of teachers, students, and school principals in developing an effective educational module that incorporates these values. Employing a qualitative research design, data were collected through guided written reflections, in-depth interviews, passive observations, and document analyses across four public elementary schools in Surakarta. The data were analyzed using triangulation for validation and thematic analysis to identify the key patterns and themes. The findings indicate that principles such as "Ing ngarsa sung tulada," "Ing madya mangun karsa," and "Tut wuri handayani" Tut wuri handayani are recognized within the curriculum; however, their application remains inconsistent and lacks focus. This underscores the necessity of a structured and culturally relevant module that can integrate these values into daily classroom activities. The study concludes that a well-developed module can enhance academic learning while significantly reducing bullying and strengthening students’ character. These findings suggest that the module should be designed to support student-centered learning, utilize interactive approaches, and leverage technology. Further research is required to assess the long-term effectiveness of this module in a broader context.
Family and Peer Group Support Related to The Quality of Life of Thalassemic Adolescents in Outpatient Settings
Authors: Komariah Elis , Sutini Titin , Fauziah Munaya , Sasmito Priyo , Sumartini Sri
Published: October 2024

Thalassemia in Indonesia is dominated by teens. Thalassemic adolescents often experience psychosocial problems. The role of family and peer group support in the quality of life of thalassemic adolescents is still inconclusive. This study aim to determine the association between family and peer group support on the quality of life of thalassemic adolescents in one government hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia. An analytical observational study with a cross-sectional approach on β-thalassemia sufferers aged 12-18 years who came to the Children's Polyclinic and intervention room in November-December 2023. Family and peer group support was measured using the Social Support Scale, while quality of life was measured using the validated Generic Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Version 4.0 (PedsQL). The data obtained were analyzed using Chi-Square and logistic regression tests. Forty-three patients were involved in this study. The average age of respondents was 14.4 years (range 13.8 – 15.1), the average time of diagnosis was 9.49 years (range 8.0 – 11.0), the average hemoglobin (Hb) level was 9.2 gr/dl (range 8.7 – 9.6 gr/dl). The majority of respondents were male (65.1%), had low education (60.5%), and had a good adherence to iron chelation therapy (100%). The association between family and peer group support on quality of life obtained a p-value of 0.014 and 0.006 with an Odd Ratio (OR) of 4.976 and 7.333 respectively. There is a significant relationship between family and peer group support on the quality of life of thalassemic adolescents. It is recommended for health workers to improve the quality of life of thalassemic adolescents with a family and peer group support approach. Further studies are needed to confirm the results of this study.
Unveiling the cost of internal displacement
Authors:   Internal Displacement Monitoring Center (IDMC)
Published: October 2024

This report provides country-level estimates on the economic impact of displacement in 22 countries. To do this it uses IDMC’s original methodology. Internal displacement can have a destabilising effect on the lives of those forced to flee their homes, often with significant financial repercussions. It can limit the ability of internally displaced people (IDPs) to contribute to the economy and generate specific needs that must be paid for by the IDPs themselves, host communities, government agencies and the humanitarian sector. With nearly 51 million people living in internal displacement, and an average cost per person of $390, IDMC estimates that the total global economic impact of internal displacement reached $20 billion in 2019. This estimate has increased from $13 billion, or $310 per person, in the two-year period since IDMC’s last assessment. The estimate is based on an original methodology which measures the loss of income when people are forced to flee their homes and the cost of meeting their basic needs in security, housing, health and education.
Assessing urban disaster displacement risk
Authors:   Internal Displacement Monitoring Center (IDMC)
Published: October 2024

This report highlights why and how risk assessments need to become an integral part of urban planning, and presents an original tool that allows local authorities to assess disaster displacement risk in their urban area. Displacement risk associated with disasters and climate change is concentrated in cities and expected to increase in the coming years. Therefore, determining a hazard-prone city’s displacement risk profile is key to sustainable development, effective humanitarian response and long-term prevention of displacement. This report focuses on the potential of urban planning strategies to establish enabling environments in which citizens participate in managing disaster displacement risk. It presents promising practices from different cities around the world to highlight how such forms of engagement contribute to whole-of-society approaches to urban resilience.
Internal Displacement Index 2020 Report
Authors:   Internal Displacement Monitoring Center (IDMC)
Published: October 2024

The Internal Displacement Index (IDI) is a new way to more comprehensively measure global progress on internal displacement. At the end of 2019, the number of people internally displaced by conflict, violence or disasters around the world had reached an all-time high of 50.8 million. Contributing to these record figures, 33.4 million new displacements were recorded in 2019, the highest annual figure since 2012. These ever-increasing figures clearly point to the need for more effective actions to prevent and mitigate internal displacement. Reporting on the numbers of IDPs and displacements is useful to give a sense of the scale of the phenomenon, but it is not enough to inform better policies or guide prioritisation. With this in mind, IDMC developed this new tool to supplement its existing measures with more information on displacement situations.
Multidimensional impacts of internal displacement
Authors:   Internal Displacement Monitoring Center (IDMC)
Published: October 2024

Internal displacement affects the lives of displaced people, their host communities and those they leave behind in many ways. We identified seven dimensions that need to be considered - health, livelihoods, education, housing and infrastructure, security, the environment and social life. This report presents the results of a systematic review of nearly 1,000 publications on the impacts of internal displacement in each of these dimensions. Our analysis highlighted recurring effects that must be assessed more systematically, but also knowledge gaps where more research is needed. It confirmed the variety and intensity of internal displacement’s repercussions and showed how they all relate to each other. As part of IDMC’s research programme on the economic impacts of internal displacement, we will build upon this work to develop new tools to assess these impacts’ consequences on the economy at the individual, community and national levels.
Points of no return - Estimating governments' fiscal resilience to internal displacement
Authors:   Internal Displacement Monitoring Center (IDMC)
Published: October 2024

This paper, part of IDMC's thematic series "The ripple effect: Economic impacts of internal displacement", estimates the fiscal gap that governments of countries affected by internal displacement may face because of future displacement crises. In 2018, IDMC partnered with the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) to produce the first assessments of the economic impacts of internal displacement. The methodology used for this new paper build upon IIASA's previous work on Catastrophe Simulation modelling and on IDMC's estimates of the economic impacts of internal displacement and model displacement risk in the context of sudden-onset disasters and Disaster Displacement Risk Model. One of the main objectives of this research is to inform budget and development plans by anticipating contingent liabilities associated with internal displacement.
Lost production due to internal displacement - Cuba, 2008: Hurricane Ike
Authors:   Internal Displacement Monitoring Center (IDMC)
Published: October 2024

Hurricane Ike, the most destructive hurricane in Cuban history, hit the island in September 2008. Ike is estimated to be the costliest storm in Cuba, with material damages alone believed to have cost about $7.3 billion, the equivalent of 12 per cent of the country’ GDP. This paper assesses further repercussions on the economy, linked to the inability of evacuees and people displaced during and in the aftermath of the cyclone to continue their professional activity. Lost economic production due to displacement in the context of Hurricane Ike is estimated to be $131.7 million, 0.22 per cent of Cuba’s GDP. This paper is part of IDMC's thematic series "The ripple effect: economic impacts of internal displacement". The series aims to measure the effects of internal displacement on the economic potential of internally displaced people, host communities and societies as a whole, bridging the knowledge gap through innovative research, partnerships with experts and practitioners from a wide range of disciplines and consultations with policy stakeholders concerned with economic development.
Severity of internal displacement, 2021 Report
Authors:   Internal Displacement Monitoring Center (IDMC)
Published: October 2024

At the end of 2020, IDMC recorded 55 million IDPs worldwide. Knowing these numbers, however, is not enough to provide them with adequate support. That is why IDMC started assessing the conditions in which IDPs live. IDMC's Severity of Internal Displacement 2021 Report provides information on the conditions in which IDPs live across 45 countries affected by conflict and violence. The present severity assessment, conducted between October and December 2020, assesses the conditions of people internally displaced by conflict in different countries and contexts. IDMC has developed a methodology to assess the severity of internal displacement, to call attention to situations of particular concern, highlight key threats to IDPs’ safety and wellbeing, and better measure progress towards finding solutions to internal displacement. The severity assessment is qualitative in nature and aims to provide high-quality data which can support governments, humanitarian organisations and other key stakeholders in responding to and preventing situations of displacement. The assessment is a tool to provide contextual information on the living conditions of IDPs and highlight critical areas for intervention in different settings. It should be used as an ent
DEEP NEURAL NETWORKS AS A TOOL FOR ENHANCING THE EFFICIENCY OF PLASTIC WASTE SORTING
Authors: Alimbekova N. , Hashim Sh. , Zhumadillayeva A. , Aiymbay S.
Published: October 2024

In the recycling industry, there is an urgent need for high-quality sorted material. The problems of sorting centers related to the difficulties of sorting and cleaning plastic leads to the accumulation of waste in landfills instead of recycling, emphasizing the need to develop effective automated sorting methods. This study proposes an intelligent plastic classification model developed on the basis of a convolutional neural network (CNN) using architectures such as MobileNet, ResNet and EfficientNet. The models were trained on a dataset of more than 4,000 images distributed across five categories of plastic. Among the tested architectures, proposed EfficientNet-SED demonstrated the highest classification accuracy – 99.1%, which corresponds to the results of previous research in this area. These findings highlight the potential of using advanced CNN architectures to improve the efficiency of plastic recycling processes.
ON A BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEM FOR HIGH-ORDER HYPERBOLIC EQUATION WITH IMPULSE DISCRETE MEMORY
Authors: Assanova A. T. , Bimenova R. A. , Minglibayeva B. B. , Sabalakhova A. P.
Published: October 2024

The investigation focuses on a boundary value problem for a high-order hyperbolic equation with impulse discrete memory in a rectangular domain. By introducing new functions, the problem is transformed into a set of boundary value problems for a first-order differential equation with impulse discrete memory, which depends on unknown functions and integral relations. D.S. Dzhumabaev's parametrization method is applied to this equivalent problem. The domain is divided according to the time variable, and functional parameters representing discrete memory values are introduced within the interior domains. As a result, the family of boundary value problems for the first-order differential equation with impulse discrete memory and unknown functions is converted into an equivalent family of integral-multipoint boundary value problems involving functional parameters and unknown functions. These equivalent problems include initial value problems for first-order differential equations related to the new functions. The solutions to the initial value problems are expressed using Volterra integral equations. By substituting these solutions into the boundary and impulse conditions, a system of linear functional equations concerning the functional parameters is derived. An algorithm is developed to solve the equivalent problem, and sufficient conditions for the unique solvability of the family of integral-multipoint boundary value problems with functional parameters and unknown functions are provided. Additionally, sufficient conditions for the unique solvability of the original boundary value problem for the high-order hyperbolic equation with impulse discrete memory are established based on the initial data.
ORDERED STABILITY AND EXPANSIONS OF A PURE LINEAR ORDER BY A UNARY FUNCTION
Authors: Verbovsky V. , Ershigeshova A.
Published: October 2024

A linearly ordered structure is said to be o-stable if each of its Dedekind cut has a “small” number of extensions to complete 1-types. This concept, which was introduced by B.S. Baizhanov and V.V. Verbovsky, generalizes such widely known concepts among specialists in model theory as weak o-minimality, (weak) quasi-o-minimality and dp-minimality of ordered structures. It is based on a combination of the concepts of o-minimality and stability. As we know, the elementary theory of any pure linear order is o-superstable. Indeed, this follows from the fact, which Rubin proved in the late 70s of the 20th century, that any type of one variable is determined by its cut and definable subsets, distinguished by unary predicates or formulas with one free variable. In this paper, we explore the question of what happens if a pure linear order is expanded with a unary function. Two examples were constructed when o-stability is violated; in addition, sufficient conditions for preserving o-stability with such language expansion were found. Research work on this topic is not yet finished, ideally, it would be good to find a criterion for preserving ordered stability when enriching a structure with pure linear order with a new function of one variable.
INFLUENCE OF THE RATIO OF GASE CONSUMPTION N2/Ar AND MAGNETRON POWER ON THE DENSITY AND STOICHIOMETRIC COMPOSITION OF TINX FILMS SYNTHESIZED BY MAGNETRON SPUTTERING METHOD
Authors: Keiinbay S. , Nussupov K. Kh. , Sultanov A. T. , Tyschenko I. E. , Eshanov A. Ph. , Beisenkhanov N. B.
Published: October 2024

The films of titanium nitride were deposited by direct current magnetron sputtering on the surface of singlecrystalline silicon samples in an Ar-N2  atmosphere for use as a diffusion barrier. The thickness and density of films were measured by X-ray reflectometry. The design of the MAGNA TM-200-01 installation has been changed to increase the supply of nitrogen into the chamber. The influences of sputtering conditions, including the flow rate of nitrogen and argon gases and their N2 /Ar ratios in the range of 1–60 in the chamber, magnetron power of 690–1400 W on the formation of TiNx  films, their density and stoichiometric composition, were studied. It is shown that the value of x is affected not only by the N2 /Ar gas flow rate ratio, but also by the magnetron power. At the sputtering parameters 1200 W, N2 /Ar = 30, 0.8 Pa, 320 s and 100°C, a maximum density of 5.247 g/cm3  of a film was achieved, which corresponds to the composition TiN0.786 = Ti56N44. The presence of nanocrystalline film of titanium nitride and the absence of a nanocrystalline titanium phase were confirmed by photographic X-ray diffraction. It was found that for the synthesis of titanium nitride as close as possible to the stoichiometric composition TiN0.770 - TiN0.786, it is necessary to use magnetron power in the range of 900–1200 W, nitrogen rate of 30 cm3 /min with low argon flows of 1–5 cm3 /min.
MONITORING THE GEODYNAMICS OF NATURAL AND MAN-MADE RISKS OF ALMATY
Authors: Tursunbek Zh. B.
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the article is to solve the problems of drawing up a map, its presentation, processing, analysis in order to comprehensively assess the regional system of natural and artificial threats of the Almaty region. By solving these problems, you can consider ways to easily resolve the upcoming conflicts and problems. It can be prevented by making predictions about natural and man-made problems. The root of natural and man-made catastrophic conditions of Almaty region are natural disasters characteristic of mountainous regions. We will take into account the conditions of seasonal mudslides and earthquakes. Since Almaty region is a region located in a mountainous zone, there are a lot of earthquake foci. Tectonic movements often occur. In order to prevent major natural disasters, it is necessary to carry out special monitoring work. From this point of view, the compilation of Geodynamic maps, the study of the Earth’s crust, the identification and differentiation of earthquake foci come to the rescue. With this, major disasters can be prevented. The article compiled a map of natural and man-made conditions of the Almaty region. In the process of creating a map, using GIS data, we created a map in the ArcGIS application. We received data from the GIS through a special platform, processing space surveys using a program. We received the data on the basis of SRTM space survey. By studying the dynamics of changes for each year, by comparing maps, you can make conclusive forecasts. Collecting data through free platforms helps to create rational solutions. It is possible to monitor, update,store,and edit the database of information using maps. In the article, a complete study of the region’s region was carried out, the importance was given to the rational, effective use of GIS data.
DEVELOPMENT PROCESS OF A FREQUENCY CONVERTER FOR INDUCTION HEATING OF OIL PIPELINE
Authors: Insepov D. G.
Published: October 2024

The article provides a detailed overview of the history, development and applications of frequency converters, with particular emphasis on their use in the oil and gas industry. It traces the evolution of frequency converters from their inception in the late 19th and early 20th centuries to their modern applications, which use microprocessors and digital signal processing to precisely control the output frequency. In the oil and gas industry, frequency converters are critical to efficient and accurate induction heating of pipelines. They convert a fixed frequency and voltage power supply into a variable frequency and variable voltage output, controlling the speed of the induction motors used in the heating process. The article also covers the design and modeling of frequency converters, discussing the process of characterizing them, creating mathematical models, and using modeling software tools such as MatLab. It presents equations for inductive energy, capacitor energy, resonance conditions and power factor, which are necessary in the mathematical modeling of frequency converters. The article concludes by highlighting the impact of frequency converters on the efficiency and economics of induction heating systems. It emphasizes the need for careful design and modeling to ensure optimal performance and safety.
QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN HIGH-TECH PROJECTS USING DIGITAL MARKETING TECHNOLOGIES IN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Tazhiyeva Zh. N. , Keser E. , Sandykbayeva U. D.
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this article is to determine the contribution of digital marketing technologies to improving the quality of high-tech products in Kazakhstan, as well as to identify prospects for improving quality management practices in high-tech projects in Kazakhstan using a digital approach to marketing. Based on international statistics from IMD and WIPO for 2013–2022, using the correlation analysis method, the results of implementing high-tech projects in quality management using alternative approaches (digital and pre-digital) to marketing in Kazakhstan are compared. The key conclusion is that in Kazakhstan, quality management in high-tech projects using digital marketing technologies is preferable. The key ones are: personnel marketing, product marketing and process marketing. The theoretical significance of the obtained results is that they allowed us to rethink quality management processes in the implementation of high-tech projects in the digital economy of Kazakhstan, and also revealed promising digital marketing technologies based on AI, IoT, Big Data, the Internet, mobile devices, chatbots, machine vision, smart consultants and virtual assistants (VR / AR). The practical significance is due to the fact that the developed digital approach to marketing allows us to improve the practice of quality management in high-tech projects in Kazakhstan. The author's approach includes a marketing mix of quality management in high-tech projects using digital marketing technologies in Kazakhstan. The approach also reveals the organizational and technological aspects of quality management in high-tech projects in Kazakhstan with a digital approach to marketing.
ENHANCED ALGORITHM FOR COMPUTING CAYLEY’S FIRST HYPERDETERMINANT
Authors: Amanov A.
Published: October 2024

Combinatorial hyperdeterminant DET – is the homogeneous polynomial in the entries of a hypermatrix of even number of indices, which is also a unique SL-invariant of minimal degree. It was first studied by Cayley in the middle of 19-th century. Given its fundamental nature, the computation of this polynomial is an important task. For fixed d and a cubical hypermatrix X of length n  Barvinok introduced an algorithm of computing hyperdeterminant in 0(2nd nd-1) . Since the problem of deciding whether for the given hypermatrix X the hyperdeterminant DET(X) is equal to zero is NP-hard, it is essential to develop efficient algorithm for computing hyperdeterminant, as the size of problem grows exponentially. We provide enhanced algorithm of computing hyperdeterminant that requires  0(2 n(d-1) nd-1) arithmetic operations.
Using Deep Learning Techniques for Anomaly Detection of Wood Surface
Authors: Özcan Uğur , Kiliç Kazım , Kiliç Kenan , Doğru İbrahim Alper
Published: October 2024

The study presents a novel computer-aided vision system for the detection of wood defects using deep learning techniques. Our study utilizes a dataset consisting of over 43000 labelled wood surface defects found in a comprehensive collection of 20276 wood images. To enable rapid decision-making on the production line, a binary classification approach was employed, distinguishing between defective and perfect wood samples. Only flawless wood can be used in production. Wood with one or more defects is not used in production and must be removed from the production line. Deep learning-based convolutional neural networks (CNNs) were optimized and used for the detection of defective and perfect wood. Using the transfer learning approach, experiments were performed with VGG-16, MobileNet, ResNet-50, DenseNet-121, Xception and InceptionV3 architectures. To decide the best optimization, the analysis of Adam, RMSprop, Adagrad, SGD and Adadelta optimization algorithms were tested on CNN architectures. In addition, different numbers of neurons, namely 256, 512, 1024 and 2048 neurons, were used and wood defect detection was performed with optimum parameters. As a result of the experiments, it was found that the RMSprop optimization algorithm of the Xception architecture reached 97.57 % accuracy, which is the most successful result with 512 neurons.
Comparing Wettability and Surface Free Energy of False Heartwood, Ripe Wood and Sapwood in Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)
Authors: Slováčková Barbora , Mišíková Oľga , Schmidtová Jarmila
Published: October 2024

False heartwood is a common defect in beech wood. If the false heartwood is healthy and without microbial attacks, it is possible to utilize such material. Application of adhesives and coatings is an important part of the wood furniture industry. Studying wood surface properties provides answers to problems in application of glues, coating materials, and similar. Comparing wettability and surface free energy of false heartwood, ripe wood, and sapwood zones of beech was the focus of this paper. Two-way ANOVA with Duncan post-hoc test of multiple comparison was used for testing of the hypotheses and statistical evaluation of the results. The zones were also examined with light microscopy. Two testing liquids were used in wettability experiment – redistilled water and diiodomethane. Ripe wood showed the best wettability for both testing liquids among the wood zones. Significant differences in contact angles at the beginning of the wetting process, equilibrium contact angles, and surface free energies were found in almost all pairwise comparisons of the wood zone and testing liquid factors. The pairs where significant difference was not found were as follows: false heartwood and ripe wood in testing with redistilled water, and ripe wood and sapwood in testing with diiodomethane. Equilibrium times in all wood zones for both testing liquids were also statistically evaluated. Significant differences were found in all wood zones in testing with redistilled water. In testing with diiodomethane, equilibrium time for false heartwood was significantly different from ripe and sapwood zone equilibrium times.
Optimization of Energy Consumption During Industrial Veneer Drying
Authors: Cool Julie , Qiu Qing
Published: October 2024

The soaring energy prices and the increasing environmental issues have challenged many energyintensive manufacturing processes, including wood veneer drying. This study aimed to explore how data-driven approaches could help optimize the industrial veneer drying process to minimize energy consumption and maintain quality. Four optimization scenarios were defined to determine optimal dryer temperature and drying speed. The results demonstrate the feasibility of using data-driven methods in veneer drying for process improvement. This approach could be used to optimize the veneer drying schedule or evaluate the potential of using alternativeenergy sources.
A Study of the Application Domain of a Large Language Models in the Agricultural Sector
Authors: Banerjee Saikat , Das Soumitra , Mondal Abhoy Chand
Published: October 2024

Given the expanding global population and the increasing need for food, employing effective agricultural techniques to enhance productivity on finite land resources is imperative. Artificial Intelligence is increasingly widespread in agriculture, and Artificial Intelligence driven solutions enhance the existing farming system. Agricultural productivity relies on soil nutrient composition, moisture levels, crop rotation, precipitation, temperature, etc. Artificial intelligence-based products can utilize these characteristics to monitor agrarian productivity. Industries are increasingly adopting Artificial Intelligence technologies to enhance and streamline agricultural activities across the whole food supply chain. Agricultural applications and solutions utilizing artificial intelligence have been developed to support farmers in precise and controlled farming practices. These applications provide accurate guidance on water management, changing crops, timely harvesting, crop selection, optimal planting, pest control, and nutrition management. Artificial Intelligence enabled systems utilize data such as precipitation, wind speed, temperature, and sun radiation, together with images captured by satellites and drones, to compute weather forecasts, monitor the sustainability of agriculture, and evaluate farms for the existence of infectious illnesses, pests, or undernourished plants. A large language model is a form of artificial intelligence that employs deep learning techniques to analyse and comprehend natural language. It is trained on extensive text datasets to discern statistical correlations between words and phrases. Subsequently, it may produce text, translate material, and execute other natural language processing operations. This research demonstrates how large language models emphasize the agricultural industry.
MODELS OF CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT IN CONDITIONS OF ECONOMIC INSTABILITY
Authors:   Risk Manager, JSC “KDB Bank Uzbekistan”, Jahongir Berdiyorov
Published: October 2024

The article titled "Models of Credit Risk Management in Conditions of Economic Instability" explores various strategies and frameworks employed by financial institutions to manage credit risk during periods of economic uncertainty. It discusses key models such as credit scoring, default probability (PD), loss given default (LGD), stress testing, and portfolio diversification, emphasizing their relevance in mitigating potential losses. The article also highlights the importance of adapting these models to changing economic conditions to ensure the financial stability of institutions. The study provides insights into how these risk management models contribute to maintaining solvency and resilience in times of market volatility or crisis.
Antibacterial effects of different low-level doses of double antibiotic paste on multispecies biofilms in regenerative endodontics: A confocal laser microscopy study
Authors: Türkoğlu Kayacı Şükriye , Keleştemur Seda , Solmazgül Yazıcı Zeynep , Ülger Nurver
Published: October 2024

Aim: This research aimed to assess the comparative efficacy of various concentrations of double antibiotic paste used on multispecies biofilms in regenerative endodontic procedures.
Methodology: Seventy caries-free human teeth with a single root that were extracted for orthodontic purposes were gathered. A total of 900 μL of bacterial suspension was prepared, comprising three bacterial species: E. faecalis (ATCC 43146), A. naeslundii (ATCC 10556), and S. sanguinis (ATCC 29212). Six experimental groups (n=10/group) were randomly created with the infected dentin slices: 0.125 mg/ml, 0.25 mg/ml, 0.5 mg/ml, 1 mg/ml, 5 mg/ml, 10 mg/mlof double antibiotic paste and a control group. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) analysis was conducted to evaluate the antimicrobial activity. Two samples from each group were analyzed with a scanning electron microscope. The live/dead bacteria percentages were analyzed via Kruskal–Wallis test. The tests were conducted with a significance level of 5%.
Results: Greater live/dead bacteria ratios were observed in the control group, and the differences compared to other groups were statistically significant. Additionally, the numbers of live/dead bacteria observed after the 0.5 mg/mL and 1 mg/mL DAP doses were applied were significantly higher compared to the 10 mg/mL DAP concentration. All DAP doses exhibited some degree of antibiofilm activity; however, 5 mg/mL and 10 mg/mL were the most effective.
Conclusion: In regenerative endodontics, the 5 mg/mL and 10 mg/mL doses of DAP demonstrated more effective activity against multispecies biofilms than lower doses.
The Research of Locations of Koryo Ablok river, Koryo Euiju, Heunghwajin, Uiwonjin, Jeongju, Yeongdeok, Yeongsak, Jeongyung and Koguryo Capital Guknaeseong Part 1
Authors:   The Academy of Real Korean History, Jung Tacksun , Choi Q-Heung
Published: October 2024

The main purpose of this research is to clarify the northwest borderline of Koryo by finding the area of 6 Jus in the right side of the Koryo Ablok river(now Daling river in China) in the age of Koryo Kingdom. We first show that in Part 1 Research, Koryo Ablok river is now Daling river in China, the administrative authority of Koryo Euiju is now Daeyusubojin in China, Heunghwajin is now Bukgin Si in China, the castle Guknae Winaamseong is the old castle located at the right hand side of Jinyinpuzicun in China and Koguryeo Capital Guknaeseong is the neighborhood with radius 20 Li cetered at Jinyinpuzicun in China. by referring to the books that deal with history such as the History of The Three Kingdoms(Samguk Sagi), Koryosa, Koryosa choryo, Geography of Koryo, the Revised and Expanded Edition of Survey of the Geography of Joseon, Byeongj, Seongbo, Geography of Liao Dynasty.
In Part 2 Research, we show the accurate place of the particular places of Euijumok.
El Perfil del Estudiante de Educación Superior en la Zona 5 del Ecuador
Authors: Rodríguez Angulo Dominga Ernestina , Guillin Llanos Ximena Minshely , Fajardo Vargas Johanna Elizabeth
Published: October 2024

Esta investigación I+D+I sobre el perfil del estudiante universitario ecuatoriano tiene como propósito establecer las características socioeducativas de la población estudiantil que ingresa a la universidad. La educación a nivel superior en el país ha dado su giro muy importante en los últimos años, para lo cual se han mejorado las leyes, reglamento, normas y procesos, que rigen la gestión y quehacer universitario en todos sus ejes y componentes para ofrecer un nivel de educación de calidad. Los estudiantes son pilares fundamentales en este proceso de cambio, mismos que deben cumplir ciertos perfiles de acuerdo a las competencias que demande la carrera seleccionada. De acuerdo al estudio realizado en la zona 5, que comprende las provincias de: Los Ríos, Guayas, Santa Elena y Bolívar, mediante encuestas, entrevistas y observación directa, se ha identificado que los perfiles de los alumnos de las diferentes áreas de las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES) investigadas, siendo estas públicas y privadas, mantiene parámetros relativos de acuerdo a las exigencias de las entidades reguladoras. En el ámbito académico se observa un porcentaje considerable de estudiantes que presentan deficiencias en el rendimiento académico por diferentes causas como: económico, laboral, familiar, salud, desinterés, desmotivación; en consecuencia, se registra un significativo índice de repitencia, deserción y por ende su formación se ve limitada en el momento de ingresar al campo laboral de su especialidad.