bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH KATALIS CaCO3 PADA PROSES PACK CARBURIZING TERHADAP KEKERASAN BAJA KARBON, A REVIEW
Authors: Achmadi Achmadi , Widodo Teguh Dwi , Irawan Yudy Surya
Published: January 2024

Pesatnya perkembangan teknologi membuat permintaan produk yang berkualitas tinggi dengan bernilai ekonomis meningkat, salah satunya adalah komponen otomotif yang sering mengalami gesekan sehingga diperlukaan permukaan yang sangat keras untuk menahan laju keausan. Komponen otomotif yang sering mengalami gesekan adalah roda gigi, biasanya roda gigi terbuat dari baja karbon rendah yang sifat mudah dibentuk, tetapi nilai kekerasannya rendah, sehingga nilai kekerasannya harus ditingkatkan. Salah satu metode untuk meningkatkan kekerasan baja karbon rendah adalah karburisasi (Carburizing) dengan cara meningkatkan kandungan karbon pada permukaan material sehingga terbentuk permukaan material yang keras. Cara kerjanya yaitu dengan cara benda kerja dan arang sebagai sumber karbon aktif dimasukkan kedalam kotak, kemudian dipanaskan sampai pada suhu austenisasinya, pada suhu austenisasinya ini akan keluar gas CO2 dan CO, yang akan terurai dan atom karbon akan berdifusi pada permukaan baja. Aktivator atau katalis untuk meningkatkan kecepatan reaksi, dengan tingginya reaksi yang terjadi maka karbon yang berdifusi semakin banyak dan kekerasan semakin meningkat. Katalis yang mudah didapatkan adalah katalis heterogen kalsium karbonat (CaCO3) dari cangkang kerang, yang mana cangkang kerang mengandung kalsium karbonat sekitar 96% CaCO3. Ketika mengalami perlakuan panas CaCO3(s) bereaksi menjadi CaO(s) + CO2(g) dari reakisi tersebut akan meningkatkan CO2.
PERANCANGAN MEJA KURSI PORTABEL YANG ERGONOMIS UNTUK PEKERJA REMOTE DENGAN KONSEP THREE IN ONE DAN SWING-OUT TABLE MENGGUNAKAN METODE ANTROPOMETRI BERBASIS CAD
Authors: Tama Yunico Andreas Putra , Sulistiarini Emma Budi , Wardhani Arie Restu
Published: January 2024

Dampak pandemi Covid-19 sangat besar bagi pekerja, ada yang masih bekerja dengan kebijakan Work From Home (WFH) atau bekerja di rumah, ada yang di-PHK dan memilih beralih profesi menjadi Remote Working atau ada yang memilih menjadi Freelance/ pekerja lepas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang meja, kursi, dan almari kabinet laci bagi pekerja freelance dan remote working yang ergonomis sehingga dapat memberikan peningkatan produktivitas kerja. Teknik pengumpulan data dapat diperoleh dengan wawancara, observasi dan pengukuran antropometri yang dilakukan pada 30 orang remote worker yang berusia 20-30 tahun. Uji statistik berupa uji kenormalan data, uji keseragaman data, serta kecukupan data menggunakan software IMB SPSS Statistics 21. Uji statistik tersebut menunjukkan data normal, seragam dan cukup. Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran maka dilakukan perancangan meja, kursi, dan almari kabinet dengan software freeCAD 0.21.0. Penelitian ini menghasilkan desain yang ergonomis dengan ukuran tinggi meja 1 adalah 73 cm; tinggi meja putar berukuran 75 cm; lebar meja yaitu 55 cm; lebar kabinet laci yaitu 40 cm; dan tinggi kabinet laci adalah 70 cm. Kursi dibuat adjustable bisa dinaikkan atau diturunkan agar dapat menyesuaikan dengan ukuran tubuh pengguna. Hasil penelitian ini adalah rancangan produk yang masih berupa gambar. Agenda penelitian selanjutnya adalah mengimplementasikan desain tersebut ke dalam produk jadi, sehingga diharapkan dari desain yang telah diberikan atau diusulkan dapat menjadi solusi dan pertimbangan bagi remote working agar produktivitas bekerja bisa lebih efektif dan efisien, namun tetap mendapatkan kenyaman dan keaman dalam bekerja.
SISTEM INFORMASI PERSURATAN DI SMK IBRAHIMY MIFTAHUL ULUM BENGKAK MENGGUNAKAN PHP DAN MYSQL
Authors: Ghofur Abd , Mahmudah Shofiatul , Lutfi Ahmad
Published: January 2024

Dalam pembuatan surat di SMK Ibrahimy Miftahul Ulum Bengkak masih dilakukan secara manual. Di SMK Ibrahimy Miftahul Ulum Bengkak dibutuhkan sebuah Sistem Informasi Persuratan, hal ini sangat penting karena dengan adanya sistem tersebut dapat membantu kendala yang sedang dialami. Selain itu, dengan adanya sistem proses pencarian dan pembuatan surat tidak akan membutuhkan waktu yang lama begitu pula dengan semua surat yang sudah diarsip dalam penyimpanannya lebih teratur dan terorganisir serta dengan adanya sistem dapat menjaga surat dari kerusakan dan kehilangan. Begitu pula dapat memberikan akses yang mudah dalam pembuatan surat yang diperlukan. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dari penelitian ini adalah Membuat sistem pengarsipan yang baik sehingga proses pencarian surat menjadi lebih cepat dari aspek waktu jika dibutuhkan pada suatu saat. Pada Sistem Informasi Persuratan di SMK Ibrahimy Miftahul Ulum Bengkak menggunakan jenis penelitian Field Resaerach dan Library Research dengan metode pengumpulan data mulai dari Penelitian, Wawancara, dan Dokumentasi serta menggunakan metode pengembangan sistem Waterfall membuat sistem informasi persuratan yang mudah di gunakan.
SISTEM INFORMASI ADMINISTRASI NIKAH BERBASIS WEB DENGAN FITUR E-MAIL PADA KANTOR URUSAN AGAMA
Authors: Safirah Dias , Lutfi Ahmad , Yunita Irma
Published: January 2024

Kantor Urusan Agama (KUA) Kecamatan merupakan unit kerja Kementrian Agama yang menjadi ujung tombak dalam pelaksanaan tugas-tugas pelayanan kepada masyarakat dibidang keagamaan. Pada Kantor Urusan Agama Kecamatan Bungatan merupakan salah satu instansi yang proses pendaftaran pernikahannya masih menggunakan cara manual. Permasalahan yang ada pada KUA Kecamatan Bungatan yaitu pendaftaran pernikahan dilakukan secara langsung, yang artinya calon pengantin harus mendatangi KUA untuk mendaftrakan pernikahan serta penyerahan berkas-berkas persyaratan pernikahan. Serta penyimpanan berkas fisik yang menumpuk sehingga menyulitkan pegawai dalam menyimpan dan mencari berkas-berkas. Hal ini membuat proses pendaftaran pernikahan tidak efektif dan efisien. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk membangun sebuah sistem informasi administrasi pernikahan berbasis web dengan fitur e-mail. Dengan adanya sistem informasi ini dapat membantu pihak KUA 60% dalam layanan pendaftaran nikah sehingga dapat melayani masyarakat secara cepat dan tepat. Sistem informasi ini dibangun menggunakan metode waterfall sebagai metode pengembangan sistem dan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan studi literature.
SISTEM INFORMASI INFORMASI KEUANGAN SEKOLAH BERBASIS WEB DI MTS IBRAHIMY
Authors: Maulidah Nuriya , Lutfi Ahmad , Yunita Irma
Published: January 2024

Kas adalah alat pembayaran yang siap dan bebas dipergunakan untuk membiayai kegiatan umum perusahaan, artinya perusahaan harus siap menyediakan kas yang cukup untuk membiayai pengeluaran perusahaan yang tidak teduga. Pada MTs Ibrahimy Secang Kalipuro Banyuwangi adalah instansi yang proses perekapan dan pencatatan keuangannya masih dengan cara manual artinya hingga saat ini masih menggunakan buku biasa. Hal seperti ini membuat pekerjaan pihak bagian keuangan merasa kesulitan dan membutuhkan waktu yang sangat lama serta kurang efektif dan efisien. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode waterfall sedangkan metode pengembangan sistem dan pengumpulan datanya menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi.
SISTEM UKUR KECEPATAN ARUS SUNGAI DENGAN MIKROKONTROLER ATmega 8535 dan Datataker DT180
Authors: Bisri Ilham , Ferdiansyah Dava , Effendy Dedi Usman
Published: January 2024

Mikrokontoler ATMega8535 merupakan keluarga atmel yang berfungsi untuk menerima data dan melaksanakan perintah dari perangkat lunak. Dimana pada penelitian ini mikrokontroler diharapkan dapat mengukur arus sungai dengan hasil yang akurat. Terdapat dua bagian utama pada sistem. Yakni perangkat keras yang terdiri dari catu daya, display LCD, sensor optokopler, dan mekanik alat ukur. Dengan bagian lain terdiri dari perangkat lunak yang yang diprogram pada chip mikrokontroler. Pada bagian ini terdiri meliputi aplikasi yang berfungsi untuk membaca, mengolah data yang diterima  dari port input mikrokontroler dan mengirimkan data yang sudah diolah melalui port keluaran.  Bahasa program BASCOM digunakan untuk membuat aplikasi pada mikrokontroler AT mega 8535. Hasil uji menunjukkan data rata-rata akurasi 97%, presisi96%, eror 4,00% dimana dapat disimpulkan sistem pada projek yang dibuat mampu bekerja dengan baik. Software yang digunakan untuk pemrograman Datataker DT180 menggunakan software khusus yaitu DeLogger. Melalui program ini Datataker akan diatur untuk membaca kecepatan arus sungai dan dihasilkan data pada tiap menit sebagai hasil rata-rata bacaan arus sungai per menit.
KENDALI MOTOR 3 FASA PUTAR KANAN KIRI BERBASIS SMARTPHONE ANDROID
Authors: Effendy Dava Saputra , Bisri Faizal , Effendy Dedi Usman
Published: January 2024

Tujuan dari pelaksanaan Penelitian ini adalah: Melakukan rancang bangun Kendali Motor 3 Fasa Putar Kanan-Kiri Menggunakan smartphone dengan bantuan komponen Arduino Uno dan Modul Bluetooth HC-06, Mengetahui cara kerja Kendali Motor 3 Fasa Putar Kanan-Kiri Menggunakan Arduino Uno dan Modul Bluetooth HC-06. Kendali Motor 3 Fasa Putar Kanan-Kiri Menggunakan Arduino Uno dan Modul Bluetooth HC-06 ini merupakan alat yang dapat mengatur arah putaran motor induksi 3 fasa yakni putar kanan ataupun kiri menggunakan smartphone Android. Proses pembuatan Kendali Motor 3 Fasa Putar Kanan-Kiri Menggunakan Arduino Uno dan Modul Bluetooth HC-06 melalui beberapa tahap, yaitu  analisis dan identifikasi kebutuhan,  perancangan alat,  pembuatan alat,  pengujian alat. Rancang bangun alat ini terdiri atas modul Bluetooth HC 06, Arduino Uno, Relay DC, dan Relay Omron MKP3-I. Hasil pengujian alat dengan menggunakan aplikasi Bluetooth Electronics menunjukkan sistem berjalan sesuai dengan perancangan, ketika modul Bluetooth HC-06 menerima sinyal dari smartphone melalui Bluetooth Electronics, lalu sinyal dikirimkan ke Arduino Uno dan diteruskan ke Relay DC lalu ke Relay Omron MKP3-I. Dalam penggunaan Bluetooth versi 3.0 jarak terjauh yang dapat diterima oleh modul Bluetooth HC-06 dengan tanpa penghalang sejauh 21m dan dengan penghalang tembok sejauh 16m. Dalam penggunaan Bluetooth versi 4.1 jarak terjauh yang dapat diterima oleh modul Bluetooth HC-06 dengan tanpa penghalang sejauh 26m dan dengan penghalang tembok sejauh 19m.
PEMBERDAYAAN PEREMPUAN MELALUI INOVASI PEMASARAN DIGITAL PADA UMKM GUPAROVE DI KELURAHAN MARGO MULYO KOTAMADYA BALIKPAPAN
Authors: Mardatillah Mardatillah , Agustini Shofia , Ramadani Ninda Diantika , Aini Sekar , Damayanthi Syifa
Published: January 2024

Pemberdayaan perempuan paruh baya khususnya melalui keahlian digital adalah hal yang melatarbelangi pengabdian masyarakat ini. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah pendampingan umkm Ibu Suwarsih yang berkaitan pemasaran digital. Luaran yang ingin dihasilkan adalah  yaitu: 1) terdapat stiker label kemasan yang baru dengan desain khas Kalimantan Timur sebagai identitas; 2) terdapat akun sosial media instagram dan halaman facebook yang baru sebagai sarana pemasaran online; 3) Terdapat katalog produk dan portofolio Ibu Suwarsih sebagai pemilik; 4) Terdapat iklan produk menggunakan instagram ads. Metode yang dilakukan adalah tahap persiapan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi. Kesimpulan setelah melakukan pendampingan ini adalah tersedianya desain ulang label stiker kemasan produk yang lebih menarik dengan desain motif batik Kalimantan Timur dan memperjelas informasi yang ada di kemasan seperti komposisi, tanggal kadaluarsa, variasi rasa produk, informaso kontak, sosial media, logo halal, legalitass PIRT, nama produk dan nama merek yang lebih jelas, Berikutnya adalah tersedianya sosial media berupa instagram dan facebook, yang didalamnya tersedianya katalog produk di instagram dan facebook. Terakhir didaftarkan konten marketing produk Guparove ke Instagram ads dengan durasi iklan.
PEMBUATAN TELUR ASIN DENGAN BAHAN DARI TELUR ITIK DI PERUMAHAN BANJAR ARUM SINGOSARI MALANG
Authors: Suwarta Suwarta
Published: January 2024

Sektor pertanian mendominasi sebagai lapangan kerja sebagian besar masyarakat di pedesaan. Kontribusi sektor pertanian semakin menurun beriringan dengan peningkatan PDRB total. Sebaliknya sub-sektor industri semakin meningkat. Untuk meningkatkan pelaku usaha perlu sekali meningkatkan nilai tambah produk primer pertanian menjadi produk olahan. Agroindustri merupakan bagian dari Agribisnis yang mengolah produk primer pertanian menjadi produk olahan makanan jadi. Pada pengabdian masyarakat ini produk olahan yang dibuat adalah telur asin dari bahan baku telur itik. Pengabdian ini dilakukan di perumahan Banjar Arum Asri, dengan bekerjasama dengan mitra yang berprofesi sebagai pengusaha kecil. Yang kali ini menggunakan bahan pokok telur itik, menjadi telur itik asin rebus. Pengabdi sebagai pengamat dan memberi motivasi, dorongan, memberi masukan dan mengarahkan tentang produk yang baik dikembangkan. Untuk mengembangkan usaha telur asin dilakukan survey dahulu baik secara langsung atau informasi dari kenalan yang dapat dipercaya. Agar sukses maka pengembangan usaha harus dilakaukan secara terus menerus dengan sabar dan teliti, sehingga betul-betul dapat ditemukan komoditi yang betul-betul tepat.
Solution of the fractional diffusion equation by using Caputo-Fabrizio derivative: application to intrinsic arsenic diffusion in germanium
Authors: Meftah Mohammed Tayeb , A. Souigat A. , Korichi Z.
Published: January 2024

In this work, we focused on solving the space-time fractional diffusion equation with an application on the intrinsic arsenic diffusion in germanium. At first we have treated the differential equation in a semi-infinite medium by using Caputo-Fabrizio fractional derivative. We have introduced the Laplace transform to solve this type of equations. Secondly, Based on the obtained solution, we have simulated an profile of arsenic diffusion in germanium under intrinsic conditions. Accurate simulations have been achieved showing that the fractional derivative orders affect on the estimation of the diffusion coefficient, where increasing the time fractional derivative order α reduces the value of the diffusion coefficient, while increasing the space fractional derivative order β increases the value of the diffusion coefficient.
Raman spectroscopy and electrical properties of polypyrrole doped dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid/Y2O3 composites
Authors: Irfan Muhammad , Mustafa A. , Shakoor A. , Niaz A. N. , Anwar N. , Imran M. , Majid A.
Published: January 2024

The doped dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid (DBSA) with polypyrrole (PPy) and also incorporated an increasing concentration of Y2O3 to obtain the composites of PPy-DBSA-Y2O3 via chemical polymerization technique. The PPy-DBSA-Y2O3 composites formation were confirmed by interaction between PPy-DBSA and Y2O3-particles utilizing Raman spectroscopy. Thermal stability of PPy-DBSA- Y2O3 composites was improved as enhanced the load of Y2O3-particles. The increase in DC conductivity by mixing Y2O3 into PPy-DBSA at all temperatures showed the three-dimensional Mott’s variable range hopping model. Density of localized states, hopping dimension as well as activation energy are computed and found to be affected due to the presence of Y2O3 in DBSA-PPy. The ESR of Y2O3 (~12 Ω), PPy (~11.80 Ω), PPy-DBSA (~11.30 Ω) and PPy-DBSA-8%Y2O3 composite (~9.50 Ω). EIS results confirm that the PPy-DBSA-8% Y2O3 composite with a low value of impedance gives a maximum value of electrical conductivity.
Mass spectra, Regge trajectories and decay properties of heavy-flavour mesons
Authors: Mistry Rahulbhai , Shah Manan , Majethiya Ajay
Published: January 2024

In this article, we study the mass spectra, Regge trajectories and decay properties of heavy-flavour mesons $Q\bar{Q}$ $(Q=c,b)$ within a non-relativistic quark model. The spin hyperfine interaction is used to get the prediction for the heavy-meson masses for radial and orbital excitations. By using the radial and orbital excitations, we construct Regge trajectories for the heavy-mesons in the $(J,M^2)$ and $(n,M^2)$ plane and find their slopes and intercepts. We have computed leptonic, photonic and gluonic decay widths of heavy flavour mesons with and without QCD correction factor. We have compared our results of masses as well as decay widths with other theoretical and lattice QCD predictions for each states. Moreover, the known experimental results are also reasonably close to our predicted results.
Spectroscopic analysis of residual radicals of gamma sterilized UHMWPE with fractional order differential operators
Authors: Saeed Muhammad Mudassir , Mehmood Malik Sajjad , Muhammad Muddassar
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the Grunwald-Letnikov definition of fractional order derivatives for determining the fractional derivative of ESR signals from UHMWPE free radicals using the fitted Gaussian distribution method. Specifically, the study focused on analyzing two long-lasting oxygen-induced residual radicals di- or tri-enyls with a carbon center radical (R1) and the oxygen-containing radical (R2). The impact of the derivative order on ESR spectral parameters, such as the Landé g-factor and peak-to-peak separation, was analyzed, and new spectral parameters were established for both radicals. The samples were measured in an ESR tube using ESR power saturation techniques at room temperature. Following the measurements, the fitted Gaussian distribution of the ESR signals was used to determine the fractional derivative using the Grunwald-Letnikov definition. Two estimators (I and II) were developed for both radicals, and their values were found to be 9.19 and 4.27 for Radical R1 and 11.51 and 2060.62 for Radical R2. Our results showed that the fractional derivative approach provided accurate and reliable estimations for the radicals. This method can be easily implemented for various ESR signals and can be useful in many applications, including materials science and biomedical research. The accuracy and reliability of our estimators were confirmed by comparing them with the results obtained from the conventional method. Our findings have important implications for materials science and biomedical research, where ESR signals are widely used. This method can help researchers to obtain more accurate and reliable estimations of radicals, which can ultimately lead to more accurate and reliable conclusions in their studies. Additional research is required to assess the effectiveness of this approach on various ESR signals and to investigate its potential use in other fields of study.
Nonlinear effects and applications of AlN: A comprehensive physical formulation approach
Authors: Jaramillo Alvarado Andres Felipe , Torres Jacome Alfonso , Rosales Pedro , Diaz Arango Gerardo , Vazquez Leal Hector
Published: January 2024

Piezoelectric materials have nonlinear effects that can be used in 5G and IoT technologies. However, since most nonlinear problems in this area do not have analytic solutions, FEM simulations are an essential design tool. In this study, we have developed a stress-charge formulation for non-linear piezoelectric materials compatible with commonly used simulation tools in industry and research. FEM simulation results for AlN with three nonlinear phenomena are presented: variation of effective electrical permittivity, shift of the effective elasticity constants, and enhancement of electromechanical coupling factor. These simulations were conducted with the same material parameters, having great agreement with recent and important experimental results. The simulations allow us to deduce the values of the components of the high-order tensors for the first time as qr_331 = qr_333 = −1600 and g_333 = −80N/V m. The maximum percent errors obtained for the simulations of theeffective electrical permittivity and effective elasticity constants were 0.1% and 1.77%, respectively.
Investigation on the electrocatalytic oxidation of alcohol using zinc oxide thin films deposited by pulsed electrodeposition on an indium tin oxide surface
Authors: Lakhdari Meriem , Hadj Larbi Khadidja , Nebatti Ech-chergui Abdelkader , Habelhames Farid , Benaioun Nourddine , Nunzi Jean Michel , Kumar Mukherjee Sanat , Adjdir Mehdi
Published: January 2024

To perform electro-catalytic oxidation of alcohols in an alkaline media, zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films were effectively deposited on indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates using the pulsed electrodeposition (PE) method in a zinc nitrate aqueous solution. Analyses of microstructural, photoelectrochemical, and optical characteristics of ZnO thin films were performed as a function of pulsed electrodeposition parameters. XRD analysis was applied to determine structural properties, and SEM and AFM analysis were used to investigate morphological characteristics. X-ray diffraction analyses revealed that the produced films were polycrystalline and had a (002) preferentially oriented, hexagonal wurtzite structure. The morphology of ZnO has improved in the direction of nanorod films, as evidenced by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) images. UV transmittance data was used using Tauc's relationship to determine the film's bandgap to be 3.26 eV. The photocurrent response shows that ZnO films have high values, at 305.17 A/cm2, and good optical characteristics. The electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol was finally evaluated on the films. After being optimized in the pulsed electrodeposition mode, ZnO thin film characteristics and methanol electrocatalytic oxidation both saw substantial improvements.
Discriminando superposiciones de estados coherentes mediante formas de línea
Authors: Hernández Sánchez Leonardi , Ramos Prieto Irán , Soto Eguibar Francisco , Moya Cessa Héctor Manuel
Published: January 2024

Este artículo investiga el efecto de niveles cercanos no resonantes en las líneas espectrales de los átomos que interactúan con un campo electromagnético. Específicamente, examinamos el efecto AC Stark que ocurre cuando la frecuencia del campo coincide con la frecuencia de transición entre dos niveles más bajos y el campo tiene un número promedio pequeño de fotones (|α| 2 < 4). Nuestra investigación demuestra que los cambios en la forma de la línea espectral se pueden utilizar para distinguir entre los estados de gato de Schrödinger con fases opuestas en π, a saber, los estados |αi + |−αi y |αi − |−αi. Descriptores: Estados gato de Schrödinger; efecto AC stark; formas de las líneas; espectrales, modelo de Jaynes-Cummings.
 
This article investigates the effect of near non-resonant levels on the spectral lines of atoms interacting with an electromagnetic field. Specifically, we examine the AC Stark effect that occurs when the field frequency matches the transition frequency between two lower levels and the field has a small average number of photons (|α| 2 < 4). Our research demonstrates that the changes in spectral line shape can be used to distinguish between Schrödinger cat states with opposite phases in π, namely, the states |αi + |−αi and |αi − |−αi.
Study of acute toxicity parameters of diclofenac sodium by different methods of administration
Authors: Nikolaieva Ya. Yu. , Hlavachek D. O.
Published: January 2024

Annotation. The purpose of the work was to determine and investigate the parameters of the toxic effect of the substance diclofenac sodium in different ways of entering the body of warm-blooded animals. To achieve this goal, diclofenac sodium was administered to animals once and acute toxic effects were studied in white mice, non-linear white rats, and short-haired guinea pig under the conditions of intragastric, transdermal, and intranasal administration. The criteria for the toxicity of the studied compound (sodium diclofenac) were DL50 and CL50, using the probit analysis method. In addition, a number of toxicity indicators were calculated, in particular, allergenicity, local irritant effect were determined, and the effect on the mucous membrane of the eye. According to the obtained results, the DL50 indicator of diclofenac sodium in mice was 550 mg/kg (intragastric administration); in female rats – 54.83 mg/kg (intragastric administration). The toxicological parameter of diclofenac sodium was obtained – DL50 of transdermal administration for female rats, which is 104.4 mg/kg. It was determined that the CL50 of diclofenac sodium for mice is 71.61 mg/m3, the CL50 for male rats is 243.11 mg/m3. Diclofenac sodium has been found to be non-lethal to ants after a single dermal injection, but can irritate their skin in high concentrations. However, this substance, penetrating through the skin, causes deterioration of health and death of rats. When determining the allergenicity and local irritant effect in animals, it is shown that diclofenac sodium does not have a pronounced irritating effect on the mucous membrane of the eyes and does not exhibit allergenic properties. So, the established indicators of acute toxicity of diclofenac sodium testify to the expediency and perspective of further determination of cumulative characteristics during multiple intragastric, intranasal administrations and skin applications in order to establish and justify the maximum permissible concentration of diclofenac sodium in the atmospheric air of populated areas.
The influence of calcitriol on indicators of apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress in the myocardium of rats under conditions of modulation of the hydrogen sulfide / cystathionine-gamma-lyase system
Authors: Ostrenyuk R. S. , Zaichko N. V.
Published: January 2024

Annotation. Vitamin D plays an important role in the control of the cardiovascular system, including myocardial remodeling and hypertrophy. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an important mediator of cardiomyocyte adaptive mechanisms to stress factors. The role of the H2S system in the mechanisms of biological action of vitamin D in the cardiovascular system has not been clarified. The aim of the work was to determine the effect of the active form of vitamin D - calcitriol on the indicators of apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress in the myocardium of rats under conditions of modulation of the H2S / cystathionine-γ-lyase system. The experiments were performed on 90 white male laboratory rats in accordance with the principles of bioethics (Strasbourg, 1986). Over a period of 4 weeks, 6 groups of animals were administered 1,25 (OH)2D3 at doses of 0.1 and 1 μg/kg. To modulate the H2S system, propargylglycine (PPG) and NaHS were administered. The H2S content, markers of inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress were determined in the myocardium. Statistical analysis was performed using the IBM Statistics SPSS 26 software package. It was established that 1,25 (OH)2D3 in a dose of 0.1 μg/kg increases the level of H2S in the myocardium, while at a dose of 1 μg/kg it has an inhibitory effect on the H2S system. Modulators of H2S exchange modify pathochemical changes in the myocardium induced by 1,25 (OH)2D3 at a dose of 1 μg/kg. PPG potentiates the increase in the levels of mediators of inflammation and apoptosis, deepens the imbalance in the system of heat shock proteins and signs of oxidative stress. Administration of NaHS does not cause significant changes in myocardial parameters under the influence of a physiological dose of 1.25 (OH)2D3 and significantly reduces the pro-apoptotic and pro-inflammatory effects of a high dose of 1.25 (OH)2D3.
Effectiveness evaluation of the use of video content to develop professional skills of the future dentist
Authors: Kurdysh L. F. , Gorai M. A. , Gadzhula N. G. , Muntian O. V. , Poberezhna H. M. , Muntian V. L.
Published: January 2024

Annotation. The use of video technologies during practical classes is an integral part of the education of dental students. The aim of our study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of video content for developing professional skills among students of the Faculty of Dentistry. Students of two academic groups took part in the study. In the 1st group (main) the class was carried out with the involvement of interactive video films, in the 2nd group (comparative) – according to the traditional method. To achieve the goal of the study, questionnaires were developed for determining the coefficient of self-assessment and checklists for evaluating the coefficient of practical skills. Assessment of the obtained results was performed immediately after studying the topic in the fourth course and during subintership. Statistical processing was carried out using the computer programs “Statistica 6.1” and Microsoft® Excel 2017. The obtained results showed that the level of mastery of practical skills and abilities in the main group is significantly higher (p<0.05) than the results of the comparison group. This indicates the high efficiency of the use of videos in the educational process and can be considered as an alternative in quarantine and martial law conditions, as well as be used for independent extracurricular work in training of students and interactive communication with the teacher. The prospect of further research is the creation of an electronic database of video materials on the topics of classes, mastering and involving other modern interactive teaching technologies in the pedagogical process in order to improve the quality of training of future dentists.
Mental health and lifestyles of students during the war
Authors: Hozak S. V. , Yelizarova O. T. , Stankevych T. V. , Chorna V. V. , Tovkun L. P. , Lebedynets N. V. , Parats A. M. , Bondar O. Yu. , Chmel L. L.
Published: January 2024

Annotation. The article examines the peculiarities of the mental health, well-being and lifestyle of students of various specialties during wartime, with an emphasis on medical students. The study aims to assess the characteristics of behavioral factors, the educational process and students' mental health in the dynamics during the war. In April-June 2022 and 2023, an online survey of students of 12 universities of Ukraine (n=415, female gender 57.4%, average age 17.9±0.03 years) was conducted. QRAPH, RCADS-25, and CATS questionnaires were used. The article presents the results of variance analysis, analyzed conjugation tables, conducted correlation analysis using the STATISTICA 8.0 program. Odds ratio (OR) and confidence interval (CI) were calculated using MedCalc. In 2023, 30.8±2.7% of students had signs of anxiety, 33.9±2.8% had signs of depression, and 42.2±2.9% had signs of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The largest proportion of persons with anxiety and depression was among medical students (52.8±5.9%). A trend towards a decrease in anxiety and depressive symptoms among students of all majors compared to the previous year was revealed. Additionally, there was a significant decrease in the proportion of students with clinical signs of PTSD by 10.8% (χ2=6.4; p<0.05). In 2023, there was also a decrease in the duration of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sleep and an increase in light physical activity and sedentary behavior. It was found that 60 min/day of MVPA reduced the chances of developing depressive symptoms by 2.7 times (p<0.001). For anxiety disorders, this probability was 1.8 times (p<0.01). The obtained results indicate the importance of maintaining mental health and an active lifestyle among students, especially during wartime. In order to preserve the health and working capacity of students, it is necessary to carry out constant monitoring of both behavioral factors and indicators of mental health with the development and implementation of hypodynamia preventive measures.
Conceptual model of regional system of organ donation and transplantation
Authors: Kovtun G. I.
Published: January 2024

Annotation. The aim – to substantiate the conceptual organizational and functional model of the regional system of organ donation and transplantation. In order to solve the problem of development of transplant medical care for the population of the region, an attempt was made to develop an organizational and functional model of the regional system of organ donation and transplantation. The study uses general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization, modeling, interpretation of scientific data, as well as systemic and structural-functional approaches. The developed model of the regional system of organ donation and transplantation is represented by a comprehensive regional system of engaged in the field of donation and transplantology, which integrates the activities of health care institutions that have the status of territorial donor bases and that are regional centers for organ transplantation. From the point of view of a systemic approach, this model provides transplant coordination of the activities of the health centers that are part of it, a clear algorithmization of actions at the stages of the donor process, organizational and methodological support of the donor bases and an interdisciplinary approach aimed at involving a number of regional organizations to assist the regional system of organ donation and transplantation in matters that depend from their competences. The conceptual model of the regional system of organ donation and transplantation is patient-oriented and aims to ensure the availability of highly specialized transplant medical care for the population of the region. The regional system of organ donation and transplantation model is presented as a system, a complex of interconnected regional health centers in the field of organ donation and transplantation, united in an effective regional system, the combined interaction of which provides a synergistic effect.
Features of anxiety and depressive disorders associated with COVID-19, on at different stages of the pandemic (literature review)
Authors: Mazur O. V. , Lemeshchuk M. V. , Kovalenko I. V. , Pototska I. S. , Rysynets T. P.
Published: January 2024

Annotation. The COVID-19 pandemic has worsened the state of mental health of the population, in particular caused an increase in the level of anxiety and depressive disorders. Scientific views on the causes, prevalence, clinical manifestations, and consequences of anxiety and depressive disorders associated with COVID-19 have changed and expanded over time. The purpose of our work is to study data on anxiety and depressive disorders associated with COVID-19 in the initial stages, in the period of intensive manifestations and in the stage of the consequences of the pandemic. We conducted a literature review and analysis based on the PubMed database. When searching for information on the study of anxiety and depressive disorders associated with COVID-19, combinations of keywords were used - anxiety, depressive disorders, COVID-19. As a result of a thorough search, the results of 34 studies on this issue, performed at various stages of the pandemic, were selected. The need for dynamic information on anxiety and depressive disorders associated with COVID-19 is essential for further improvement and development of the global health care system.
Glutathione: synthesis, mechanism of action, antioxidant and detoxifying role
Authors: Gerush I. V. , Grigoryeva N. P. , Ferenchuk Ye. O.
Published: January 2024

Annotation. Under the conditions of entry of toxic substances into the body and activation of redox processes, compounds of natural origin with antioxidant properties are widely used to correct metabolic disorders. The purpose of the work is to conduct an analysis and systematization of basic and modern scientific sources of literature on the role of the glutathione system in the development of pathologies. For the scientific review, data from the scientometric databases PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Google Scholar, etc. were used, and the analysis of scientific textbooks and monographs was carried out. Among water-soluble antioxidants, low- and high-molecular compounds containing SH-groups are popular in medicine, mono-, di- and tricarboxylic acids and other anions. Glutathione, a thiol-containing tripeptide, is the main endogenous non-enzymatic antioxidant that exerts cytoprotective and detoxifying properties. Various epithelial cells – enterocytes, endotheliocytes, alveolar cells of the lungs, epithelium of the proximal renal tubules, absorb and use glutathione most intensively, in particular, taken orally, so the idea of using glutathione in diseases of organs that actively participate in detoxification processes: kidneys, liver, lungs, as well as under the conditions of systemic diseases accompanied by endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress – diabetes, atherosclerosis, nephropathy. Under physiological conditions, the body maintains a dynamic balance between the content of oxidants, which stimulate the processes of free radical oxidation of biomolecules, and the activity of antioxidant systems. But under the conditions of damage to any link of the living system, increased formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibition of antioxidant systems contributes to the activation of free radical oxidation processes, the intensity of which depends on the concentration of oxygen in the tissues and on the enzymatic and non-enzymatic systems of antioxidant protection, which prevents the destruction of cells by active forms of oxygen.
Пам’яті вчителя, лауреата премії АН УРСР ім. О. Богомольця, доктора медичних наук, професора О. Ю. Роменського – видатного морфолога, керівника та людини
Authors: Гумінський Ю.Й. , Коваленко В.О.
Published: January 2024

Пам’яті вчителя, лауреата премії АН УРСР ім. О. Богомольця, доктора медичних наук, професора О. Ю. Роменського – видатного морфолога, керівника та людини
مكافحة جريمة الرشوة الدولية في ضوء اتفاقية الأمم المتحدة لمكافحة الفساد: دراسة في مدى موائمة التشريعات الليبية لأحكام الاتفاقية
Authors: (علي مخزوم التومي) Ali Makhzoum Altoume , (محمد إبراهيم نقاسي) Mohamed Ibrahim Negasi , (محمد ليبا) Muhammad Laeba
Published: January 2024

ملخص البحث

يهدف هذا البحث إلى توضيح مفهوم جريمة الرشوة الدولية المرتكبة من الموظف العمومي الأجنبي والموظف الدولي، وإبراز أهم التدابير التي أقرَّتها الاتفاقية الأممية لمكافحتها، وتبيان موقف المشرع الليبي منها، وتكمن الإشكالية في استيضاح أهم التدابير التي أقرتها الاتفاقية الأممية لمكافحة جريمة الرشوة الدولية، ومدى تكريس المشرِّع الليبي إياها ضمن المنظومة القانونية الداخلية، ولا سيما أن دولة ليبيا طرف في الاتفاقية، ولبيان ذلك دُرس مفهوم الرشوة الدولية وتجريمها، ثم التعاون الدولي لمكافحتها، باستخدام المنهجين الاستقرائي والتحليلي، بالإضافة إلى المنهج المقارن كلما دعت الحاجة إليه، وتوصل البحث إلى أن للاتفاقية الأممية دورًا مهمًّا في مكافحة جريمة الرشوة الدولية، وقد أرست أحكامًا قانونية للحد منها، ولكن المشرع الليبي لم يُكرِّس حقًّا تلك الأحكام ضمن المنظومة القانونية الليبية، ومن ثم أوصى البحث بإضافة تشريع أو إصداره يتضمن تجريمًا صريحًا واضحًا، وعقوبة رادعة تلك الجريمة تمهيدًا لمكافحتها، ووفاءً بالتزامات ليبيا الدولية الواردة في الاتفاقية، ولكن إستراتيجية مكافحة تلك الجريمة لا تقتصر على ضرورة إصدار المشرع الليبي تشريعات جزائية؛ بقدر ما تكون تطبيقًا جادًّا لتلك النصوص في الواقع.

الكلمات المفتاحية: جريمة الرشوة الدولية، الموظف العمومي الأجنبي، الموظف الدولي، المشرع الليبي.
القيود الموضوعية لسلطات مجلس الأمن في ميثاق الأمم المتحدة
Authors: (ناصر بن عروس إميثق) Naser Omitig , (بدر الدين بن الحاج إبراهيم) Badruddin Bin Hj Ibrahim
Published: January 2024

ملخص البحث

يتناول هذا البحث مفهوم القيود الموضوعية المقررة لممارسة مجلس الأمن سلطاته التقديرية في حفظ السلم والأمن الدوليين، والممنوحة له بموجب المادة (39) من الميثاق، وضرورة الالتزام بقواعد الارتباط بين نصوص ميثاق الأمم المتحدة ومبادئه وأهدافه، بما يتمشَّى مع المتغيرات الدولية؛ بوصف مجلس الأمن الأداة الضامنة للمحافظة على التوازن بين السلام الدائم وتفعيل نظام العدالة الدولية، انطلاقًا من الإشكالية المتمثلة في بيان الوصف القانوني للقيود الموضوعية، والوقوف على طبيعتها المادية التي رسمها ميثاق الأمم المتحدة لممارسة مجلس الأمن اختصاصه في أمر إقرار حفظ السلم والأمن الدوليين، وتجسيد المبادئ الأساس الميثاقية، ومدى ملاءمتها الواقع العملي لعمل مجلس الأمن في ظل المتغيرات الدولية، وذلك اعتمادًا على المنهج الاستقرائي التحليلي لنصوص الميثاق وقرارات مجلس الأمن في هذا الشأن؛ لمعرفة حدود وظيفة مجلس الأمن، ومقتضيات الاختصاص، وآلية التدخل والمصلحة المحمية، وقد توصل البحث إلى أنه يقع على مجلس الأمن التزام قانوني عند مباشرته حفظ السلم والأمن الدوليين، بما يكفل عدم انحرافه بالسلطة التقديرية الممنوحة له - سلطة اتخاذ القرار، سلطة اتخاذ الإجراء - وفق المادة (39) من الميثاق؛ باحترامه جملة من القيود الموضوعية التي تفترض أن تكون قرارات مجلس الأمن متفقة مع أهداف ميثاق الأمم المتحدة ومبادئه، ووفق نطاق اختصاص مجلس الأمن الممنوح له وفق المادة (24) من الميثاق بوصفه نائبًا عن الدول الأعضاء في الأمم المتحدة لحماية مصالحها المشتركة، إضافة إلى أن مجلس الأمن سعى إلى التوسع في مفهوم السلم والأمن الدوليين؛ ليشمل تهديدات وتحديات جديدة فرضتها متغيرات الحياة الدولية في ما بين الدول وداخلها؛ لضمان ممارسته ضوابط الشرعية الدولية الواردة في ميثاق الأمم المتحدة في مجال تدابير حفظ السلم والأمن الدوليين.

الكلمات الرئيسة: الأمم المتحدة، مجلس الأمن، قيود موضوعية، السلم الدولي، الأمن الدولي.
منهج الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم في التغيير: النظام الاجتماعي أنموذجًا
Authors: (نورة بنت عبد الله الغملاس) Nora Abdullah Muhammad al-Ghamlas
Published: January 2024

ملخص البحث

يعنى هذا البحث ببيان منهج الرسول r في تغيير بعض العادات المنتشرة في المجتمع، مع دراسة نماذج من ذلك التغيير، ومن أهداف البحث إبراز منهجيته r في التغيير، والعناية بتقديم نماذج دقيقة من التغيير الإيجابي في السُّنَّة النبوية، وقد انتهج البحث المنهج الاستقرائي مع الاستنتاج والتحليل، وكان من أبرز نتائجه أن التغيير في السُّنَّة النبوية كان تغييرًا إيجابيًّا منضبطًا في جميع أحواله بإرادة الخير للبشرية، ودائمًا يبدأ هذا التغيير بالأهم، فلما بعث r معاذًا إلى اليمن جعل أول ما يدعوهم إليه التوحيد، ثم جعل ما يليه ثانيًا؛ لأنه هو الأهم، ونماذج التغيير التي سطرتها كُتُبُ السُّنَّة النبوية صورة متكاملة بديعة متناسقة للتغير الإيجابي الذي أثَّر في الحياة البشرية في مختلف جوانبها، وكان التغيير الذي رسمه r قد جمع بين دقة المنهج ووضوح الغاية وتحديد الأهداف، وهو منهج أنموذجي في التغيير، وقد اقتصر البحث على نماذج محددة من التغييرات التي أحدثها r في جوانب المجتمع المختلفة، كالعصبية القبلية، والظلم، والأخذ بالثأر، وشرب الخمر.

الكلمات الرئيسة: السيرة النبوية، الحديث الشريف، التغيير، المجتمع، النظام الاجتماعي.
Fishing in the economy of the Siberian and Semirechensk Cossacks of Kazakhstan in the XIX century
Authors: Aubakirova Kh.A. ,   Kazakh Agrotechnical University named after S. Seifullin
Published: January 2024

This work is devoted to the study of fishing in the economic everyday life of the Siberian and Semirechensk Cossacks of Kazakhastan. The author examines the importance of fishing in the economic life of Siberian and Semirechensk Cossacks. The specifics of the development of fishing are studied, the issues of organization and regulation of the problem of Cossack fishing in the Siberian linear and Semirechensk Cossack troops are shown. Consideration of the problem of fishing is interesting because it is a valuable source on the economic everyday life of the Cossack estate, its social and industrial relations, ethnography, family and legal aspects. The chronological framework of the study is outlined by the period of the XIX century, since it was at this time that fishing became one of the leading directions in the economy of the Cossacks. The development of fishing was largely due to the fact that the Cossacks in Kazakhstan were allocated the best lands near rivers and lakes.
Mediation in Kazakhstan: history and stages of development
Authors:   L.N. Gumiliyov Eurasian National University, Kenzhebekova Zh.K. , Mussabalina G.T.
Published: January 2024

The main goal of this study is to analyze the situation of the institution of mediation in the Republic of Ka-zakhstan and identify areas that need further reform. The article examines the institution of mediation as a historically formed and evolving, complex socio-cultural phenomenon, which to one degree or another is re-flected in various cultures from ancient times to the present day. A brief analysis of the emergence of media-tion in the USA and Europe is given. Particular emphasis is placed on the development of mediation in Ka-zakhstan, which began with the adoption of the Law “On Mediation” in 2011. The article also reflects the key differences between modern mediation and its historical model. The authors of the article highlight the stages of development of the institution of mediation, show the experience and features of the development of medi-ation, as well as the problems that hinder its formation in Kazakh society
Investigation of seasonal changes in Annelida fauna and some physicochemical parameters of Riva stream (Istanbul)
Authors: Dökümcü Nilay , Koşal Şahin Serap , Taş Divrik Menekşe , Odabaşı Serpil
Published: January 2024

Annelids were collected seasonally at Riva Stream from March 2018 to January 2019. In this study, 1241 individuals (28 taxa; 4 families) of Annelida were identified. Various physicochemical parameter values [depth, width, flow rate, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, electrical conductivity, salinity, TP, o-PO4, NH4-N, NO2-N, NO3-N, TSS] were measured seasonally. The results of the analyses were evaluated according to TSWQR (2021). NPI water index values of the stations were also calculated in the study. Accordingly, it was found that the water quality of Riva and Değirmendere was more polluted than other stations. Bray Curtis similarity analysis was also evaluated regarding physicochemical parameters and taxa. Stations 2 and 3 were the most similar in terms of physicochemical parameters. In terms of taxa, stations 3 and 4 were found to be the most similar stations. According to CCA analysis, U. uncinata and L. hoffmeisteri appeared closely related to salinity, while E. tetraedra, H. naidina, H. stagnalis, P. deserticola and Nais sp. were shown closely related to width.
Use of chestnut propolis extract produced by maseration, reflux and ultrasound-assisted extraction methods in different food models: Effect on physicochemıcal, sensory and bioactive properties
Authors: Şenol Yazkan Sevde Nur , Hendek ertop Müge
Published: January 2024

This study obtained ethanol-extracted propolis by applying maceration, reflux, and ultrasound-assisted extraction methods to propolis obtained from chestnut honey hives. Chestnut propolis extracts prepared by the methods were added to flower and chestnut honey at four different rates (0, 1, 2 and 4%) as a food model without heat treatment, and antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, colour, and sensory analysis of honey mixtures were made. Although the antioxidant activity (AO) (82.96%) and total phenolic content (TPC) (412.50 µg GAE /g) of chestnut honey were higher than that of flower honey (AO: 49.69%, TPC: 127.50 µg GAE/g), it was determined that the bioactive properties of flower honey (AO: 90.00%, TPC:713.60 µg GAE/g) rose close level to that of chestnut honey (AO:89.08%, TPC: 849.17 µg GAE/g) thanks to the addition of 4% propolis extract. Because the colour of chestnut honey with high colour intensity (1803.5 mAU) is significantly darker than flower honey (378.5 mAU), the different addition rates and extraction method of propolis did not significantly affect the final product colour intensity of chestnut honey (p>0.05), the addition of propolis in flower honey increased the colour intensity significantly (p<0.05). When propolis extracts prepared with three extraction methods are added to the basic cake formulation as a heat-treated food model in 4 different ratios (0, 1, 2 and 4%), the bioactive properties of the products (AO: 11.97%, TFM: 285.0 µg GAE/g) were determined to increase depending on the increasing propolis addition rate. Although propolis increases the antioxidant activity and phenolic substance content of the food models to which it is added due to its rich bioactive content, sensory properties of the food models were analysed due to propolis extracts' unique, intense taste, colour and flavor, and the results were evaluated with Principal Component Analysis. In terms of both food models, the products with propolis produced by maceration extraction had higher sensory evaluation scores. In contrast, the control samples without propolis were found to be similar to the products with 1% and 2% propolis added, respectively. The products with 4% propolis added showed separate clustering with low evaluation scores.