bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PUBLIC HEALTH IN THE NEW MILLENIUM: CHALLENGES AND RESPONSES
Authors: Osman Ali
Published: August 2021

Public health in the new millenium  will face greater challenges especially directly from globalisation. New challenges will required new responses. The quest for a relevant, quality, cost­ effective and equity in health care should be continued and strengthened by using the most appropriate and effective health promotion strategies and health care reform. New generation of health care providers especially public health professionals should play effective leadership roles, communicator, health provider, decision maker and health manager at the place or organisation they work with, to face ever changing challenges in the future.
Determinants in Project Management and Change Processes in the Operations of an Organisation
Authors: Skowron-Grabowska Beata
Published: August 2021

The purpose of the article is to present primary conditions in the process of project management in organisations. Ontology, terminology, axiology and epistemology were taken into account in particular. Many elements of the projects which generate improvement of the efficiency of the organisation in the context of a systemic approach, such as common values, organisation goals and change management were also listed. Furthermore, project’s preparation is presented in the paper. Rating in the area of challenges, barriers and trends in project management were highlighted on the basis of answers provided by project managers. Taking into account the results of empirical research, it was assumed that the arithmetic mean of ratings indicates the importance of challenges, barriers and trends for project management in organisations. This article develops previous researches on existing theories of project management and change processes. As a result, it has become reasonable to assume the hypothesis that the project implementation time is determined by the rating of challenges, barriers and trends in project management; higher ratings of challenges and trends and lower rating of barriers lead to shorter project implementation times
INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR ANALYSIS OF BEAM ELEMENTS UNDER COMBINED LOAD
Authors:   Southwest State University, Loktionov A.P.
Published: August 2021

Mathematical modeling, numerical and experimental study of beam elements of a building structure are considered. The author generalizes the method for determining the initial parameters in the inverse Cauchy problem, previously developed for a beam under a concentrated load, to cases of combined loads. The analysis of the influence of the error of deflection meters on the accuracy of calculating the target characteristics is carried out. The deviation of the deflection meters from the alternance points for the Chebyshev polynomial is considered.
Benefits of Using CAD for Garment Manufacturing: A Perception Analysis
Authors: Pattathil Prof. Dr. Jomichan S
Published: August 2021

The present research investigated the perception of four stakeholders’ viz. industry
managers/supervisors, CAD practitioners working in Garment Manufacturing industry and
faculty and students from Fashion Technology discipline towards CAD adoption in the Indian
scenario.
Initial interactions with the CAD vendors revealed that the adoption of CAD by Indian
Garment Manufacturers is significantly low compared to their counter parts of neighbouring
countries despite the acceptance of the fact by majority that the advancement of technology has
a clear impact on manufacturing efficiency. This mismatch led to the present research.
The study employed a survey method using a structured questionnaire to obtain responses from
the above-mentioned four stakeholders. Findings proved that all the four respondents viz
Industry Managers, Industry CAD practitioners; Academic Faculty and Academic Students are
of the opinion that CAD systems are useful and beneficial to the garment industry.
Evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of cupping therapy in the treatment of asthma : A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors:   Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Guo Lei , Wang Zhongtian , Wei Lina , Ding Lizhong , Kong Yibu , Liu Zhimei , Tian Ye , Yang Fushuang , Wang Lie , Sun Liping
Published: August 2021

Review question / Objective: “The aim of this systematic review is to compare Cupping therapy and Non cupping therapy in terms of efficacy and acceptability in the asthma to better inform clinical practice. To this end, the proposed systematic review will address the following question: Which is the best choice to reduce PEF, FVC, and FEV1, in asthma patients, Cupping therapy or Non cupping therapy ?”. Information sources: The protocol was prepared based on the preferred reporting project of the systematic review and meta-analysis protocol statement guidelines. Our research does not require ethical approval, as all analyses will be based on aggregated data from previously published studies. We will search the following Chinese and English databases: China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Science and Periodical Database, Wanfang Database, China Biomedical Literature Database, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library.All of the above electronic databases will be searched from inception to August 22, 2021. In addition, we will manually search for conference papers, ongoing experiments and internal reports to supplement the studies retrieved via electronic search.
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy
Authors:   “Filantropia” Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, SCUTELNICU Ana Maria , CIMPOCA-RAPTIS Brînduşa Ana ,   “Filantropia” Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, CIOBANU Anca Marina ,   “Filantropia” Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, GICĂ Nicolae ,   “Filantropia” Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, BOTEZATU Radu ,   “Filantropia” Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, GICĂ Corina ,   “Filantropia” Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, PELTECU Gheorghe ,   “Filantropia” Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, PANAITESCU Anca Maria ,   “Filantropia” Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Published: August 2021

Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is the most common liver disease during pregnancy. The main features are maternal pruritus, in the absence of a rash, and raised serum bile acids. Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes, including preterm birth, meconium-stained amniotic fluid, fetal asphyxia with neonatal unit admission or even stillbirth. The main treatment option is ursodeoxycholic acid. We review the etiology, diagnosis, adverse pregnancy outcomes, focusing especially on management of this intriguing condition.
Medullary thyroid carcinoma and pregnancy
Authors:   “Filantropia” Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, DUMITRU Andreea Elena , GICĂ Corina ,   “Filantropia” Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, CIOBANU Anca Marina ,   “Filantropia” Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, CIMPOCA-RAPTIS Brînduşa Ana ,   “Filantropia” Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, GICĂ Nicolae ,   “Filantropia” Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, PELTECU Gheorghe ,   “Filantropia” Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, PANAITESCU Anca Maria ,   Filantropia” Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Published: August 2021

Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare neuroendocrine tumor of the parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland. The tumor occurs, either sporadically or in a hereditary form, as a component of the type 2 multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) syndromes, MEN2A and MEN2B, both with an autosomal dominant transmission. Due to its higher aggressiveness and urgency to treat, it poses a challenge when diagnosed during pregnancy. We performed a literature review searching medical databases as UpToDate and PubMed for relevant information about diagnosis, impact, treatment, and outcome of medullary thyroid carcinoma during pregnancy. Diagnosis of MTC is established by clinical and ultrasound evaluation, followed by a fine needle aspiration biopsy. Further analyses decide whether it is a sporadic or a hereditary disease. Surgery offers the curative solution, but careful postoperative follow-up is needed for the best outcome. The decision for surgery is taken considering the DNA mutation of RET oncogene and pregnancy status. A premature planned delivery is associated with potential complications for the newborn, but it is recommended when maternal status worsens. Conclusions. Complete resection of the thyroid tumor and any local and regional metastases is the only curative solution. Timing of the intervention is extremely important to decrease fetal outcomes. Close follow-up during the postoperative period, by both biochemical and imaging methods, is needed.
STUDY OF PSYCHOSOCIAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL FACTORS - OCCUPATIONAL STRESS BOOSTERS – FOR THE STAFF OF THE ATI SECTIONS
Authors:   Departamentul ATI, Spitalul de Copii „M.S. Curie“, Bucureşti, Sîrghie Rodica Eugenia
Published: August 2021

Stress from work (occupational stress) has, as a consequence, multiple psychic and physical diseases (depression, sleep disorder, ulcer, infarction, immune disorder) and is increased by a series of predisposing factors. The study performed in 2015 in 11 hospitals in Bucharest which required completing a questionnaire by the medical professionals that were divided in a basic lot (75 ICU doctors and 75 ICU nurses) and a control lot (75 doctors and 75 nurses from different specialities). After the dates were statistically processed (using SPSS program) it pointed out significant differences between the basic lot (values well above normal limits) and the control lot comparing multiple items: the need of breaks during work hours, proper language during stressful situations, family life affected by exhaustion caused by the job itself, negative influence of the noise, negative influence of patients accuses about medical personnel, fear of professional risks, mistakes during work hours because of exhaustion, absence of guidelines and protocols, unreliable and insufficient drug and medical supplies, simultaneously treatment of more patients and insufficient medical personel, malpractice. Decreasing the influence of the negative factors may reduce the malpractice risk caused by exhaustion, may increase the quality of medical act and may reduce the exodus of medical professionals to the western countries.
Sporda Bilinçli Farkındalık: Atıcılık Spor Branşları Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: VURAL Cengizhan , OKAN İlyas
Published: August 2021

Bu Araştırmanın ama atıcılık branşında olan sporcuların bilinçli farkındalık düzeylerinin çeşitli değişkenlere göre incelenmesidir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda araştırmaya 120’si erkek Xyaş=24,99±8,18 (%61,2), 76’sı kadın (%38,8) Xyaş=23,68±7,06 olmak üzere toplam 196 sporcu gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacılar tarafından oluşturulan Kişisel Bilgi Formu ile Sporcu Bilinçli Farkındalık Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizi kısmında ilk olarak normallik varsayımları çarpıklık basıklık değerleri ile test edilmiştir ve dağılımın normal olduğu görülmüştür. Bu doğrultuda sporcuların cinsiyet ve milli durum değişkenlerine göre T-Testi, spor yaşı ile ölçek arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek için ise Pearson-Korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında ulaşılan bulgular incelendiğinde, cinsiyet değişkenine göre gruplar içinde bilinçli farkındalık alt boyutlarında anlamlı farklılık tespit edilirken, milli durum değişkenine göre gruplar için anlamlı farklılık olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte spor yaşı değişkenine göre yapılan korelasyon analiz sonuçları incelendiğinde, bilinçli farkındalık toplam puan ve yeniden odaklanma alt boyutunda pozitif yönde düşük düzeyde anlamlı ilişkiler olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak; bilinçli farkındalığın milli durum değişkenine göre farklılaşmadığı, spor yapma yılı değişkenine göre farkındalık kavramının bir ilişki içinde olduğu ve son olarak cinsiyet değişkenine göre sporcuların farkındalık düzeylerinin farklılaştığı söylenebilir.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Yalnızlık ve Yabancılaşma Düzeyleri Arasındaki İlişkinin Bazı Değişkenlere Göre İncelenmesi
Authors: UGURLU Aylin
Published: August 2021

Bu araştırmanın amacı üniversite öğrencilerinin yalnızlık ve yabancılaşma düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin bazı değişkenler açısından incelemesi ve yalnızlık ile yabancılaşma arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesidir. Bu amaçla araştırmayı Gazi Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi’nde (81 kadın, 181 erkek) lisans düzeyinde öğrenim gören toplam 263 üniversite öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama araçları olarak Kişisel Bilgi Formu, UCLA Yalnızlık Ölçeği ve Öğrenci Yabancılaşma Ölçeği (ÖYÖ) birlikte uygulanmıştır. Araştırma, nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden ilişkisel tarama modelinde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmaya ilişkin olarak bağımsız grupların karşılaştırılmasında için t-test, iki veya daha fazla grubu test etmek için MANOVA, ortalamalar arasında farklılık tespiti için ANOVA teknikleri uygulanmıştır. Ayrıca verilerin normal dağılım durumunun tespiti için çarpıklık ve basıklık değerleri, frekans aritmetik ortalama ve standart sapmaları incelenmiştir. Analizler sonucunda yalnızlık ölçeği ortalama puanları ile yabancılaşma ölçeği kuralsızlık, soyutlanmışlık ve anlamsızlık alt boyutlarında pozitif anlamlı ilişkiler tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada bağımsız değişkenlerde herhangi bir farklılığa rastlanmamaktadır. Bununla birlikte örneklem grubunun yalnızlık hislerinin artmasıyla birlikte yabancılaşma algılarının arttığı söylenebilir.
STIMULATION OF INNOVATIVE BEHAVIOR THROUGH THE INCLUSIVE LEADERS AND ENGAGED WORKERS
Authors: Mansoor Adil , Wahab Sazali Abdul , Jahan Sarwat
Published: August 2021

Based on social exchange theory, this research introduced a model to understand factors that contribute towards inclusive leadership (IL) and its effect on innovative work behavior (IWB) with employee engagement (EE) as a mediator. Although the connection between IL and IWB is previously established. However, few studies have tested the potential mediation effect of EE particularly in the IT sector. Therefore, this investigation provides new insights as to how IL stimulates the innovation through the meditating impact of EE. Data collected through questionnaire were then analyzed through structural equation modeling. 116 participants have provided the data for this study. We found a positive association of IL with IWB, while the mediating effect of EE was also empirically established. This study is novel because it explained how IL can persuade their subordinates to exhibit positive behavioral outcome (i.e. IWB). Furthermore, the current study also might help the policymakers to devise effective leadership training programs so that their managers may adopt IL style and make the employees more engaged and innovative.
The Circumstellar Gas of Phi Leonis in the UV
Authors: Grady C. A. , Rebollido Isabel , Brown Alexander , Welsh Barry , Eiroa C.
Published: August 2021

HST UV spectra were obtained to study whether the φ Leo system has one or more stellar companions, as shown for the A-star dwarf, HR10, stellar pulsation, or transiting exocomets. During five partial HST observation sets spread over 13 months, redshifted gas with radial velocities up to +245 km s−1 was observed on one occasion, with lower velocity infalling material seen twice. Blueshifted gas features with velocities as high as −150 km s−1 with up to three features in two spectra were also seen. Low-mass stellar companions to late A stars are coronal sources. Assuming an age of 450 Myr, G-K companions to φ Leo, and multiple M-star companions would have been detected in the ROSAT All-Sky Survey data, but are not seen. Further, the star shows only 1 major pulsation component, suggesting it is single, excluding an A- or early F-star companion. Low covering factor absorption features with ∣v∣ ≤ 200 km s−1 have been reported in optical spectra with variation on timescales consistent with nonradial pulsation. However, the highest velocity infall feature has a broader, continuous absorption profile extending from the stellar velocity to +245 km s−1, with a covering factor of ∼25% which is more consistent with a transit by a body on a star-grazing orbit.
Probabilistic Modeling of Asteroid Diameters from Gaia DR2 Errors
Authors: de Souza Rafael S. , Krone-Martins Alberto , Carruba Valerio , de Cassia Domingos Rita , Ishida E. E. O. , Alijbaae Safwan , Huaman Espinoza Mariela , Barletta William
Published: August 2021

The Gaia Data Release 2 provides precise astrometry for nearly 1.5 billion sources across the entire sky, including several thousand asteroids. In this work, we provide evidence that reasonably large asteroids (diameter >20 km) have high correlations with Gaia relative flux uncertainties and systematic R.A. errors. We further capture these correlations using a logistic Bayesian additive regression tree model. We compile a small list of probable large asteroids that can be targeted for direct diameter measurements and shape reconstruction.
Mobile Traveling Healthcare Teams: An Innovative Delivery System for Underserved Populations
Authors: Walker Glenda , Martinez-Gómez Viviana , Gonzalez Roberto
Published: August 2021

Reaching disenfranchised clients who are either underinsured or who have no insurance presents unique challenges for healthcare providers and organizations. To reach clients experiencing disparities in healthcare access, a social determinant of health, innovative models of healthcare delivery must be developed. The Juntos for Better Health project directly focused on the social determinant of lack of access to care for prevention and treatment of diabetes, depression, and obesity. In the article, we discuss the background that provided the framework for this project, reviewing literature related to mobile vans and traveling nurses, and then describe the geographical traveling healthcare team setting. The article discusses the Juntos for Better Health project, including several phases of implementation, services of the traveling healthcare team delivery system, and partnerships that included four healthcare providers and a state university in a United States-Mexico border town located in Texas. Partnering agencies included a community-based federally qualified healthcare center, the local state mental health authority, the city health department, and the local drug treatment agency. The conclusion briefly describes plans for the future.
Preparing Today’s Nurses: Social Determinants of Health and Nursing Education
Authors: Thornton Marleen , Persaud Sabita
Published: August 2021

Reducing health inequity in the United States is a social mandate for nursing in the 21st century. The World Health Organization and others have defined and identified multiple social determinants of health (SDOH) that may negatively impact patient health and contribute to health inequity. Nurses, on the frontlines of healthcare, are uniquely positioned to assess for social determinants of health and positively address health equity. The purpose of this article is to explore social determinants of health and nursing education, including clinical and classroom opportunities. We also discuss faculty development and diversity as a strategy of impact, and conclude with a call to action and recommendations for nurse educators working to include SDOH in nursing program curricula.
L’astrologue romantique entre histoire et imaginaire. L’exemple de Sir Walter Scott et d’E.T.A. Hoffmann
Authors: Parmentier Agnès
Published: August 2021

Les astrologues étaient, au xviii e  siècle, l’une des cibles satiriques des auteurs des Lumières, qui appelaient « superstition » ce qui ne rentrait pas dans le cadre de la science et de la religion instituées. Le traitement de ces personnages dans les œuvres de Walter Scott et d’E.T.A. Hoffmann indique toutefois qu’un tournant a eu lieu au début du xix e  siècle : à partir notamment du modèle schillérien, cette figure à l’identité ambiguë a acquis une profondeur nouvelle grâce à sa capacité à revêtir de nombreux masques. Scott et Hoffmann ne représentent pas l’astrologie comme une menace ou un objet de dérision qu’il convient de tourner en ridicule. Elle est devenue chez eux aussi bien un « moment » du passé qui possède une valeur d’exemplarité historique, qu’une des voies permettant la défense des pouvoirs de l’imagination et d’une vision enchantée du monde. Il est donc pertinent de remettre en question certaines idées que ces auteurs défendent à propos de leur œuvre : la prose de Walter Scott n’est pas aussi opposée à celle de Hoffmann qu’il l’a affirmé, et Hoffmann, en ce qui concerne du moins l’histoire des croyances, hérite lui aussi du rationalisme des Lumières qu’il entend dénoncer.
Une approche phénoménologique du moi : temporalité, finitude et intersubjectivité
Authors: Heinämaa Sara , Sivenius Kaisa
Published: August 2021

La philosophie européenne est souvent critiquée comme une manière dépassée de penser et est taxée d’individualiste, d’anthropocentrique et d’euro-centrique. Plusieurs de ces approches critiques partagent la notion que la source majeure des problèmes gît dans la pensée cartésienne héritée de l’ego. Je confronte cette notion anti-cartésienne de la philosophie européenne en argumentant que la phénoménologie husserlienne offre une réinterprétation robuste et viable de l’ego cartésien, une réinterprétation qui échappe aux impasses kantiennes du formalisme et de l’intellectualisme. Suivant l’analyse de Husserl et de Merleau-Ponty, je montre que le moi qui constitue le sens du monde n’est ni seulement une forme de représentations ni un  solus ipse . Plutôt que d’être une forme statique ou un agent solitaire, le moi formateur du sens est une formation dynamique doté d’une structure interne et de relations génératives avec autres ego similaires.
L’avenir de la gestion d’actifs en environnement de taux bas, de transformations technologiques et à l’heure de la RSE
Authors: Aybran Bernard
Published: August 2021

La gestion d’actifs reste un domaine de l’industrie financière les moins connus du grand public. Elle est pourtant devenue un intervenant majeur du financement des économies et bénéficie d’une croissance soutenue, que ni les crises financières ni la pandémie mondiale n’ont enrayée. Cette croissance est aujourd’hui canalisée, voire provoquée, par trois phénomènes majeurs. La baisse tendancielle des taux d’intérêt a accentué l’afflux des capitaux vers les fonds de placement. Par ailleurs, si la digitalisation bouleverse ses chaînes de production au même titre que toute l’économie, la gestion d’actifs reste, pour l’heure, relativement protégée de la concurrence des géants de l’Internet. Enfin, aiguillonnée tant par ses clients que par la réglementation, l’industrie se dirige toujours plus vers une gestion où environnement, gouvernance et responsabilité sociale auront droit de cité, comme conditions de réalisation d’une performance financière durable. Classification JEL : B26, E50, G01, G21, G23, G28
Comparison Between the Deviations After 1 and 24 Hours of Diagnostic Occlusion for Basic and Divergence Excess Types of Intermittent Exotropia
Authors: Mohan Kanwar , Sharma Suresh Kumar
Published: August 2021

Purpose:

To compare the clinically significant (5 prism diopters [PD] or greater) changes in deviations after 1 and 24 hours of diagnostic monocular occlusion specifically for basic and divergence excess types of intermittent exotropia.

Methods:

In this prospective study, diagnostic monocular occlusion was performed at 1 and 24 hours before surgery in patients with intermittent exotropia. A change of 5 PD or greater in near and distance deviation after occlusion was considered clinically significant and used as the cut-off point for analysis. The mean clinically significant changes between the deviations after 1 and 24 hours of occlusion in patients with basic and divergence excess types of intermittent exotropia were compared.

Results:

A total of 21 patients with basic type and 20 patients with divergence excess type intermittent exotropia were included. No statistically significant differences were found for the mean near and distance deviations, the number of patients who had a clinically significant (5 PD or greater) increase, or the magnitude of increase in near and distance deviations after 1 hour versus 24 hours of diagnostic occlusion in patients with both types of intermittent exotropia.

Conclusions:

Diagnostic monocular occlusion for 1 hour is sufficient in patients with basic and divergence excess types of intermittent exotropia.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2022;59(1):41–45.]
Effect of the Control Ability on Stereopsis Recovery of Intermittent Exotropia in Children
Authors: Tang Wenquan , He Bin , Luo Jun , Deng Zifeng , Wang Xilang , Duan Xuanchu
Published: August 2021

Purpose:

To explore the relationship between ocular position control ability and stereopsis recovery in children with intermittent exotropia, and to analyze the influencing factors of distance stereopsis recovery.

Methods:

In this retrospective study, 78 children with small angle intermittent exotropia received vision training for 3 months. All patients were examined for distance stereopsis with the synoptophore and for near stereopsis with the Titmus stereogram before and after the training. The patients were divided into low and high Newcastle Control Score (NCS) groups. The stereopsis of the two groups was compared. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of distance stereopsis recovery.

Results:

Among 78 children with intermittent exotropia, 33 had near stereopsis (42.3%) and 22 had distance stereopsis (28.2%); the difference was significant (
P
< .05). After 3 months of training, there were statistically significant differences between distance and near stereopsis in the low NCS group and the high NCS group (chi-square = 7.127,
P
= .008; chi-square = 13.005,
P
< .001). The number of children with distance and near stereopsis in the low NCS group increased significantly compared with before training (chi-square = 13.471,
P
< .001; chi-square = 22.244,
P
< .001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age of onset (odds ratio [OR] = 3.768,
P
= .001), near point of convergence (OR = 0.347,
P
= .002), and NCS (OR = 0.142,
P
= .002) were risk factors that affected stereopsis recovery in children with small angle intermittent exotropia.

Conclusions:

Control ability is one of the important indicators to assess the severity of intermittent exotropia. The worse the control ability, the more difficult the recovery of stereopsis. Age of onset, near point of convergence, and NCS are risk factors that affect the recovery of distance stereopsis.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2021;58(6):350–354.]
Almost periodic solutions for a SVIR epidemic model with relapse
Authors: Xing Yifan ,   College of Mathematics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China, Li Hong-Xu
Published: August 2021

This paper is devoted to a nonautonomous SVIR epidemic model with relapse, that is, the recurrence rate is considered in the model. The permanent of the system is proved, and the result on the existence and uniqueness of globally attractive almost periodic solution of this system is obtained by constructing a suitable Lyapunov function. Some analysis for the necessity of considering the recurrence rate in the model is also presented. Moreover, some examples and numerical simulations are given to show the feasibility of our main results. Through numerical simulation, we have obtained the influence of vaccination rate and recurrence rate on the spread of the disease. The conclusion is that in order to control the epidemic of infectious diseases, we should increase the vaccination rate while reducing the recurrence rate of the disease.
A Systematic Review of Spatial and Spatio-temporal Analyses in Public Health Research in Korea
Authors: Byun Han Geul , Lee Naae , Hwang Seung-sik
Published: August 2021

Objectives: Despite its advantages, it is not yet common practice in Korea for researchers to investigate disease associations using spatio-temporal analyses. In this study, we aimed to review health-related epidemiological research using spatio-temporal analyses and to observe methodological trends.Methods: Health-related studies that applied spatial or spatio-temporal methods were identified using 2 international databases (PubMed and Embase) and 4 Korean academic databases (KoreaMed, NDSL, DBpia, and RISS). Two reviewers extracted data to review the included studies. A search for relevant keywords yielded 5919 studies.Results: Of the studies that were initially found, 150 were ultimately included based on the eligibility criteria. In terms of the research topic, 5 categories with 11 subcategories were identified: chronic diseases (n=31, 20.7%), infectious diseases (n=27, 18.0%), health-related topics (including service utilization, equity, and behavior) (n=47, 31.3%), mental health (n=15, 10.0%), and cancer (n=7, 4.7%). Compared to the period between 2000 and 2010, more studies published between 2011 and 2020 were found to use 2 or more spatial analysis techniques (35.6% of included studies), and the number of studies on mapping increased 6-fold.Conclusions: Further spatio-temporal analysis-related studies with point data are needed to provide insights and evidence to support policy decision-making for the prevention and control of infectious and chronic diseases using advances in spatial techniques.
Inteligencia artificial aplicable a los conflictos armados: límites jurídicos y éticos
Authors: Vigevano Marta R.
Published: August 2021

Las normas del Derecho Internacional Humanitario (DIH) establecen límites al uso de los medios y métodos de combate en el desarrollo de las hostilidades. Si bien en su origen el DIH no fue elaborado teniendo en cuenta los desafíos planteados por el desarrollo de la inteligencia artificial (IA) en ese contexto, es una realidad que en la actualidad la evolución de esta inteligencia, los algoritmos y su aplicación militar emergente constituyen un desafío a la luz de las normas humanitarias. Ese desafío comprende tres ámbitos fundamentales: el técnico, el legal y el ético.
Si bien se puede decir que la IA, en la etapa actual de desarrollo, permite que un programa computerizado basado en algoritmos realice ciertas tareas en un entorno complejo e incierto, a menudo con mayor precisión que los seres humanos, también debemos destacar que no hay tecnología que haga que una máquina se comporte como un ser humano, quien puede determinar si una acción es lícita o ilícita y decidir no continuar con lo programado, teniendo como objetivo primordial la protección de las víctimas.
Los Estados deben adoptar regímenes de verificación, prueba y monitoreo como parte del proceso para determinar e imponer limitaciones o prohibiciones de acuerdo a los principios esenciales de distinción y proporcionalidad que el DIH establece en la utilización de armas durante los conflictos armados internacionales o no internacionales. Tanto desde una perspectiva legal como ética el ser humano está en el centro de esta problemática, ya que la responsabilidad por el uso de la fuerza no puede transferirse a sistemas de armas o algoritmos, y sigue siendo una responsabilidad humana.
Colorear por números: la tecnología digital y el arte de vivir
Authors: Förster Yvonne
Published: August 2021

Lo digital descansa en la computación. La programación utiliza algoritmos. Los algoritmos son el conjunto de reglas que resuelven problemas en un número finito de pasos. En este sentido, el mundo digital está regido por cantidades, números, reglas fijas. El grado de libertad parece muy limitado. Por el contrario, la actividad artística y la creatividad descansan en la apertura, la libertad y en experiencias cualitativas. Estas experiencias no solo son vitales para la expresión artística, sino para la vida cotidiana. Los mundos-vitales tecnológicos tal como se representan en tecnologías actuales (por ejemplo, en las casas inteligentes o en la conducción automática) o en la ciencia ficción no parecen dar cabida a estas estructuras abiertas. La filosofía de la tecnología está dividida: muchos sostienen que la tecnología determina en gran medida la cognición humana (como Mark B. N. Hansen, Bernard Stiegle) y, consiguientemente, subordina la cognición humana a las organizaciones maquinales. Otros adoptan una aproximación diferente y reflexionan sobre el potencial creativo de las nuevas tecnologías (Erin Mannig, Jaime del Val).
Este artículo discute teorías que abordan la relación humano-máquina en tanto que estructuras complejas que van más allá de la visión distópica del ser humano siendo trascendido o incorporado por la tecnología. Estas aproximaciones son centrales para discutir el futuro del ser humano y la conformación político-cultural de los mundos vitales. Para entender cómo las relaciones humano-máquina pueden considerarse como procesos abiertos y creativos, presento narrativas de cognición corporalizada, ejemplos artísticos de estrategias de performance con sistemas algorítmicos, y finalmente engarzo estos aspectos en un panorama más amplio sobre la conceptualización de la tecnología y la vida humana como un continuo, en vez de una sostenida oposición o un estar determinado por el otro.
Influence of Policy Framework and Technology on Change Management in Selected Telecommunication Companies in Tanzania
Authors: Natai Paulina C. , Namada Juliana Mulaa
Published: August 2021

The general objective of this study was to assess factors that affects change management in telecommunication companies. The design adopted for this study was descriptive research design. The study targeted managerial employees in selected telecommunications companies. The findings of the study revealed that both regulatory framework and technological advancement have a positive and significant influence on change management. The study concluded that regulatory framework and technological advancement are key factors in change management and therefore recommended the need to enhance both regulatory framework and technology as support mechanisms for change management in telecommunication companies. Based on the findings, the study recommended further studied in change management.
Change Management Perceptions in Portuguese Hospital Institutions Through ITIL
Authors: Anunciação Pedro Fernandes , Geada Nuno Santos
Published: August 2021

Organizations function in complex, dynamic and unpredictable environments. Implementing changes must therefore be well planned, managed, and evaluated as such ongoing efforts link organizational performance to peer competitiveness and sustainability. In an era challenged with technological innovations, it is crucial to understand how new changes can leverage traditional methodologies and services supported by information and technology systems. As information-intensive organizations such as hospitals are highly dependent on changing information and technological systems, this understanding is key to evolve next generation hospitals. Specifically, this study analyzes how hospital managers in Portugal relate change to information systems’ management based on Information Technology Infrastructure Library methodology. The relationship between change and information technologies services is not sufficiently clarified and constitutes an excellent opportunity to increase knowledge in the field of information systems.
Dare voce al soggetto. Materiali tratti dall’osservazione longitudinale di un bambino autistico
Authors: Pediconi Maria , Regini Luca
Published: August 2021

In questo lavoro abbiamo inteso coniugare l’approccio psicodinamico con le recenti acquisizioni neuro-scientifiche sullo sviluppo dell’intersoggettività, con attenzione particolare all’area comunicativo-linguistica. Il materiale empirico, raccolto attraverso un’osservazione longitudinale semi-strutturata di un bambino diagnosticato nello spettro autistico, mostra l’intreccio tra i processi intersoggettivi e lo sviluppo della dimensione simbolica nelle diverse modalità espressive in cui si esplicita, rappresentate nel nostro caso dal linguaggio e dal disegno. L’interconnessione dei tre registri - fonetico, linguistico e grafico - ha permesso di identificare l’avvento del linguaggio come produzione intenzionale che segnala la configurazione della soggettività nel campo relazionale.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric cardiac services in India
Authors: Choubey Mrigank , Ramakrishnan Sivasubramanian , Sachdeva Sakshi , Mani Kalaivani , Gangopadhyay Debasree , Sivakumar Kothandam , Kappanayil Mahesh , Jayranganath Mahimarangaiah , Koneti Nageswara Rao , Awasthy Neeraj , Bobhate Prashant , Gupta Saurabh Kumar , Azad Sushil , Dhulipudi Bhargavi , Sonawane Bhushan , Bandopadhyay Biswajit , Muthukumaran Chinnaswamy Sivaprakasam , Das Debasis , Sivalingam Devaprasath , Ramamurthy Harpanahalli Ravi , Nayak Hemant Kumar , Mishra Jayashree , Muthusamy Kalyanasundaram , Chakrabarti Manisha , Islam Nurul , Mahawar Prashant , Shah Prashant , Rajan Saileela , Remadevi Kavasseri Subramaniaiyer , Abqari Shaad , Chaudhary Shiv Kumar , Kasturi Soumya , Kumar Raghavannair Suresh , Saxena Anita , Iyer Krishna Subramony , Sharma Rajesh , Kumar Raman Krishna , Radhakrishnan Sitaraman , Kothari Shyam Sunder , Kulkarni Snehal , Rao Suresh G
Published: August 2021

Background :

COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted pediatric cardiac services across the globe. Limited data are available on the impact of COVID.19 on pediatric cardiac care in India.

Aims :

The aims are to study the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the care of children with heart disease in India in terms of number of outpatient visits, hospitalizations, catheter-based interventions, and cardiac surgeries.

Settings and Design :

This is a retrospective, multicentric, observational study.

Methods :

We collected monthly data on the number and characteristics of outpatient visits, hospitalizations, catheter-based interventions, and cardiac surgeries and major hospital statistics, over a period of 5 months (April to August 2020), which coincided with the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in India and compared it with data from the corresponding months in 2019.

Results :

The outpatient visits across the 24 participating pediatric cardiac centers decreased by 74.5% in 2020 (n = 13,878) as compared to the corresponding period in 2019 (n = 54,213). The reduction in the number of hospitalizations, cardiac surgeries, and catheterization procedures was 66.8%, 73.0%, and 74.3%, respectively. The reduction in hospitalization was relatively less pronounced among neonates as compared to infants/children (47.6% vs. 70.1% reduction) and for emergency surgeries as compared to elective indications (27.8% vs. 79.2%). The overall in-hospital mortality was higher in 2020 (8.1%) as compared to 2019 (4.8%), with a higher postoperative mortality (9.1% vs. 4.3%).

Conclusions :

The current COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted the delivery of pediatric cardiac care across India with two-third reduction in hospitalizations and cardiac surgeries. In an already resource-constrained environment, the impact of such a massive reduction in the number of surgeries could be significant over the coming years. These findings may prove useful in formulating strategy to manage subsequent waves of ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
Transcatheter device closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defect associated with indirect Gerbode defect
Authors: Parvez Md. Afaque , Das Dhritabrata
Published: August 2021

Perimembranous ventricular septal defect (pmVSD) is a common congenital heart disease that is sometimes associated with indirect left ventricle (LV) to right atrium (RA) shunt (indirect Gerbode defect). This defect has a rare chance of spontaneous closure and therefore was usually closed surgically in the past, but more recently transcatheter closure has been reported by a few authors. In our study, we have described a series of 14 children (age ranging from 1.2 to 12 years and weight ranging from 7.2 to 25.5 kg) with the above-mentioned defect which were closed by various interventional devices. The procedures were successful in complete elimination of pmVSD and immediate reduction of indirect LV-RA shunts with negligible residual tricuspid regurgitation on follow-up. In our midterm experience, the judicious use of double-disc devices is efficacious for occluding pmVSD associated with indirect Gerbode defect.
The modified Senning operation – surgical aspects
Authors: Iyer Krishna Subramony
Published: August 2021

The advent of the arterial switch operation for the treatment of transposition of great arteries (TGA) made the atrial switch operation largely redundant and its use in the developed world is now confined to the atrial component of the double-switch operation for congenitally corrected TGA. In resource-limited countries, however, it remains relevant as a treatment option for patients presenting late with transposition and a regressed left ventricle. The operation is intricate with many potential pitfalls, and this “how I do it” article describes the operative steps in detail to enable surgeons to learn this procedure and make it a part of their surgical armamentarium.
Anaesthetic and Perioperative Implications of Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome
Authors: Rath Amrita , Reena  , Jose Shibin , Kumar Ranjeet , Vikram Ashutosh
Published: August 2021

Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome is a rare genetic disease with multisystem involvement and significant anaesthetic implications. We describe the perioperative anaesthetic management of a 2-year-old child posted for bilateral orchidopexy and left-sided herniotomy.
Slit ventricle syndrome
Authors: Panagopoulos Dimitrios , Karydakis Ploutarchos , Themistocleous Marios
Published: August 2021

After the introduction of shunt treatment for the management of childhood hydrocephalus, a wide variety of complications related to this treatment modality have been recognized. The entity of slit ventricle syndrome (alternatively, symptomatic ventricular coaptation) is one of them, is frequently encountered in the pediatric population and its symptom complex resembles that of shunt failure. We conducted research on PubMed®, MEDLINE®, and Web of Science®, using the keywords: “slit ventricles,” “slit ventricle syndrome,” “SVS” and “ventricular coaptation.” The aim of our review was to trace the advances made through the past decades, concerning our knowledge about the clinical characteristics, pathophysiology, and treatment options of this entity. The discrepancy among researchers about the offending etiology and the optimum treatment algorithm of this entity, as well as the necessity of an updated concept regarding shunt over drainage is analyzed. The multiple treatment modalities proposed and pathophysiologic mechanisms implicated for the treatment of slit ventricle syndrome illustrate the complexity of this entity. Consequently, the issue requires more detailed evaluation. In this review, we comment on all the main facets related to shunt over drainage and the resultant slit ventricle syndrome.
Timing is everything
Authors: Lee Hangil , Yun Ho Jun , Ding Yuchuan
Published: August 2021

Physical exercise is a promising rehabilitative strategy for acute ischemic stroke. Preclinical trials suggest that exercise restores cerebral blood circulation and re-establishes the blood–brain barrier’s integrity with neurological function and motor skill improvement. Clinical trials demonstrated that exercise improves prognosis and decreases complications after ischemic events. Due to these encouraging findings, early exercise rehabilitation has been quickly adopted into stroke rehabilitation guidelines. Unfortunately, preclinical trials have failed to warn us of an adverse effect. Trials with very early exercise rehabilitation (within 24 h of ischemic attack) found an inferior prognosis at 3 months. It was not immediately clear as to why exercise was detrimental when performed very early while it was ameliorative just a few short days later. This review aimed to explore the potential mechanisms of harm seen in very early exercise administered to acute ischemic stroke patients. To begin, the mechanisms of exercise’s benefit were transposed onto the current understanding of acute ischemic stroke’s pathogenesis, specifically during the acute and subacute phases. Then, exercise rehabilitation’s mechanisms were compared to that of remote ischemic conditioning (RIC). This comparison may reveal how RIC may be providing clinical benefit during the acute phase of ischemic stroke when exercise proved to be harmful.
The influence of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury on remote organs
Authors: Azarkish Fariba , Armin Fakhri , Parvar Ali Atash Ab , Dehghani Aghdas
Published: August 2021

INTRODUCTION:

Brain tissue was adversely affected by renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (renal IRI) in several studies. Moreover, we are awareness that kidney diseases are gender dependent, but there is not enough evidence of the impact of gender on renal IRI-induced brain injury. Hence, this study was designed to investigate gender differences in renal IRI-induced brain tissue injury in adult rats.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Forty Wistar rats (four groups) include two main groups (20 male and 20 female). Each of them was divided into two subgroups including 1 and 2: male and female sham-operated groups and 3and 4: male and female ischemia (ISC) groups were exposed to renal ischemia for 45 min and then 24 h reperfusion (male and female ISC 24 h). Sham groups were exposed to surgery without ischemia process. After reperfusion time, blood samples were obtained for the renal function measurements. The kidney and brain were removed and were fixed in a 10% formalin solution for pathological assessment. The left kidney was used to measure malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitrite.

RESULTS:

Renal IRI increased significantly levels of creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, kidney weight, and damage score in both genders (P < 0.05). Furthermore, brain injuries were significantly higher following 24 h of reperfusion in male and female groups. Serum nitrite level and MDA concentration of female rats decreased significantly in ISC 24 h group (P < 0.05) but not in male rats.

CONCLUSION:

The brain tissue of both genders, male and female, is affected by renal IRI as a remote organ. Female sex hormones may indicate a protective role against IR by the nitric oxide pathway and antioxidant signaling.