bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Climate-Induced Migration a New Normal? A Systematic Research Analysis of the Climate-induced Migration Crisis in Bangladesh
Authors: Sakapaji Stephen Chitengi
Published: August 2023

Today, the contemporary world is witnessing a growing number of individuals facing displacement due to the escalating frequency and intensity of extreme climate events. Devastating disasters such as floods, tornadoes, typhoons, storms, tsunamis, heatwaves, and droughts are causing the displacement of thousands, if not millions, of people globally. As temperatures continue to rise, these extreme events are expected to worsen, leading to rising sea levels, increased droughts, and further displacement of vulnerable populations especially in developing countries. The Internal Displacement Monitoring Center (IDMC) highlights a concerning trend, revealing a steady increase in the number of climate refugees forced to leave their homes since 2008. The estimated figure of 318 million people worldwide displaced due to climate change between 2008 and 2021 underscores the urgency of addressing this issue. Regrettably, efforts to address this significant and persistent challenge have been largely limited in both national and international spheres. Climate migrants have often been inadequately protected and their plight insufficiently acknowledged. Additionally, a disconcerting absence of a clear legal classification exists for climate migrants, with the 1951 Refugee Convention failing to encompass their specific circumstances. This paper presents a comprehensive exploration of the climate-induced refugee crisis, with a particular focus on Bangladesh as a case study. By shedding light on the effects of climate change on individuals and society at large, the aim is to draw global attention to the increasingly unacknowledged challenge of climate refugees. Employing a blend of community risk assessment tools, this study adopts an engaged scholarship research paradigm to investigate awareness, vulnerability, adaptation, and resilience-building concerning climate change impacts. The findings of this research underscore the persistence and exacerbation of the climate refugee crisis. Consequently, the paper asserts that it is incumbent upon governments and policymakers worldwide to urgently develop effective policy mechanisms that ensure the protection of global citizens affected by climate change and the recognition of climate refugee status within the UN system. Such mechanisms should facilitate the accommodation and provision of necessary care for climate refugees both within their home countries and abroad. Addressing this pressing issue requires immediate attention and concerted international efforts to safeguard the rights and well-being of those affected by climate-induced displacement.
Akademien positionieren sich zur wissenschaftlichen Publikationspraxis
Authors: Pampel Heinz
Published: August 2023

Die Académie des sciences, die Leopoldina und die Royal Society haben gemeinsame Leitsätze (deutsch/englisch) für eine gute wissenschaftliche Publikationspraxis veröffentlicht. Eine Pressemitteilung der Leopoldina fasst diese zusammen: „Die Académie des sciences, die Leopoldina, und die Royal Society orientieren sich in ihren Leitsätzen für gute wissenschaftliche Publikationspraxis an vier Kriterien: wissenschaftliche Informationen sollen effizient und hochwertig verbreitet,...
"The stamp of one defect": an endless series on harmful mutations
Authors: Matheson Stephen
Published: August 2023

Not surprisingly, Hamlet weighed in on the nature vs. nurture question, at least once. So, oft it chances in particular men, That for some vicious mole of nature in them, As, in their birth,―wherein they are not guilty, Since nature cannot choose his origin,― By the o’ergrowth of some complexion, Oft breaking down the pales and forts of reason, Or by some habit that too much o’er-leavens The form of plausive manners; that these men, Carrying, I say, the stamp of one defect, Being nature’s...
My Blank Pages VII: An Essay on Science and Narcissism
Authors: Royle Stephen
Published: August 2023

I recently finished An Essay on Science and Narcissism by Bruno Lemaitre. I found this book really insightful and thought I would write some notes about it here. The book was published in 2016 although I only just got around to reading it. You can grab a copy for free here. There’s an abbreviated form of the book available as a short article in The FEBS Journal, which is definitely worth reading (with a lower time investment). The essay explores how scientists, specifically...
Exploring the Didactics of Learning in Technology-Rich Environments for Teacher Educators amidst Covid-19 Pandemic in Uganda
Authors:   Kyambogo University, Tusiime Wycliff Edwin , Wambi Moses ,   National Teachers’ College
Published: August 2023

This study was conducted on Teacher Educators in National Teachers’ Colleges found in the Northern (West-Nile) and South-Eastern Uganda. It focused on didactical questions to help teacher educators explore what it is that creates technology-rich environments to trainees. It was also anchored on a wide range of literature review. It adopted a phenomenological design with a qualitative approach of using interviews and Focus Group Discussions. Three specific objectives were used, namely to: (i). Assess how teacher educators implement technology-enhanced learning (ii). Establish the availability of Technology-enhanced learning tools used (iii). Identify challenges of Technology-enhanced learning in NTCs in Uganda. Participants were Sixty-four (64) in the study. Data was collected and analysed qualitatively using verbatim statements backed with direct quotations of participants. The findings of the study revealed that majority were short of ICT skills to conduct online teaching. The commonest tools were mobile phones because majority could access them as compared to Desktop and Laptop computers. In addition, blending of content and pedagogy was highly challenging, there was inadequate prior knowledge and skills in using ICT applications, coupled with network and unreliable power supply. Institution-based training through CPDs and peer mentorship are recommended in addition to the paradigm shift from teacher-centredness to learner-centredness
El sistema de economía social de mercado en el pensamiento social cristiano
Authors: Binder Castro Walter A. , Margenat SJ Josep M.
Published: August 2023

El jesuita Oswald von Nell-Breuning (1890-1991) fue uno de los pensadores que contribuyeron al origen en Alemania del sistema de Economía social de mercado (Marktliche Wirtschaftsordnung). Este estudio analiza la aportación de Nell-Breuning a la justicia social y a los derechos de los trabajadores en la etapa constituyente de la de la República federal alemana (1948-1965). El estudio hace uso de unos textos de acceso difícil, hasta ahora: las actas del consejo científico asesor del Ministerio de Economía, en el que participó Nell-Breuning. Para la recta comprensión del alcance de su propuesta nos detendremos en el contexto en que nació Nell-Breuning y en una aproximación biográfica a uno de los más brillantes innovadores en el Pensamiento Social Cristiano del siglo XX. Ambos aspectos, contexto y biografía, nos permiten comprender la originalidad y alcance de una propuesta que podríamos resumir como propiedad como un derecho de todos.
The Role of E-Customer Satisfaction as Intervening Variable in Relationship Between E-Service Quality, E-Recovery and E-Customer Loyalty of Indonesian Railroad Access Customers
Authors: Arifin Moh. Samsul , Fikri Maulana Muhammad , Suroso Amat , Suhartono  , Mariam
Published: August 2023

In this study, the impact of eService and eRecovery Service Quality on Online Customer Satisfaction and its Implications for Online Customer Loyalty are measured. Partial Least Square (PLS) was used to evaluate information from 100 respondents who had purchased tickets using the Indonesian railway application. According to the study's findings, e-service quality, e-recovery service quality, e-service quality, e-customer satisfaction, and e-customer satisfaction all have an impact on e-customer satisfaction. These relationships also hold true for e-customer loyalty. According to the research, the developer must maintain the services offered to users through its application and switch out all slow trains with quick ones. Additionally, they should create intriguing inventions, send clients thank-you letters, ask for user reviews, and enhance their online customer service.
Ways forward for developing an ELF centred ELT Pedagogy
Authors:   Nottingham Ningbo University, China., Weekly Robert
Published: August 2023

This paper presents a theoretical argument to augment current approaches which could serve as a basis for an English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) orientated pedagogy in ELT. There are four conceptual areas of teaching practices in ELT which have created tension between the language expected in the classroom and the socio-linguistic reality outside the classroom. These are translanguaging, the target language model, corrective feedback and assessment practices. Firstly, translanguaging in educational contexts has been extensively researched recently but not linked explicitly to ELF, though these research fields share an ontological and epistemically framework. Secondly, the principle problem with models used in ELT, is to subjugate the spoken language with the written. Therefore, these two different forms of language need explicit separation, and for speaking, where appropriate, a local model used, while at the same time, implicitly raising awareness of societal attitudes towards dialects and accents. Thirdly, corrective feedback (CF) requires a reorientation from an accuracy focused CF towards meaning focused correction. Finally, assessment practices, which for speaking, measure students spoken language against native models and does not accurately reflect students’ language competence. These four aspects would also serve as a basis for differentiating an ELF approach to ELT from a CLT approach.
Current status and demand for the advancement of Clinical Endoscopy: a survey-based descriptive study
Authors: Lee Tae Hoon , Han Jimin , Kim Gwang Ha , Han Hyejin
Published: August 2023

Purpose: This survey study aimed to investigate the current status, issues, and needs related to Clinical Endoscopy (CE), the official international journal of the Korean Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (KSGE).Methods: A 10-item survey was emailed to domestic KSGE members between May 1 and May 15, 2023. The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results: In total, 216 complete responses were analyzed. Most respondents (46.8%) read CE once or twice monthly. The proportion of respondents who read the journal once or twice a year or did not read it at all was quite high, at 36.6%. The most informative article type was review articles (53%), and the least-read type was editorials (33%). Ninety-nine respondents (45.8%) stated that they did not want to submit their articles to CE because CE is not a Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE) journal (38.4%). Eighty-nine respondents (41.2%) did not cite CE articles in their manuscripts. Furthermore, 41.2% of the respondents declined review invitations because they were too busy (73.0%). The two most common requests for CE were to increase the number of guidelines and review articles (38.0%) and to improve the journal quality (34.7%).Conclusion: Although CE is a representative journal of KSGE, the level of interest and concern for CE among society members was relatively low. Nonetheless, this survey offers valuable insights into the needs and current status of CE, paving the way for its further development. It is clear that more efforts and investments from the society and the editorial board are necessary.
Aktivitas Sniffing pada Malware Pencuri Uang di Smartphone Android
Authors: Zulfa Mulki Indana , Tena Silvester , Rizkiono Sampurna Dadi
Published: August 2023

Sniffing termasuk dalam cyber-crime yang dilakukan oleh program jahat atau berbahaya (malware) yang sangat merugikan korbannya dengan tujuan untuk mencuri data dan informasi penting lewat jaringan internet. Data yang dicuri umumnya adalah username atau akun login aplikasi ibanking, password m-banking, email, informasi kartu kredit, atau data penting digital lainnya. Tindak kejahatan ini biasanya dengan mengirimkan format berkas yang digunakan untuk memasang aplikasi android yang biasa dikenal dengan file .apk. File berekstensi .apk adalah aplikasi yang dapat dipasang pada perangkat android. Banyak yang menyalahgunakan file .apk ini, salah satunya berisi ransomware atau malware lainnya. Salah satu contoh malware terbaru adalah Sharkbot yang pertama kali ditemukan oleh Cleafy pada Oktober 2021. Keberadaannya di Play Store dideteksi oleh peneliti dari NCC Group yang baru saja membagikan analisis rinci tentang aksi malware tersebut. Salah satu fitur utama malware ini adalah Automatic Transfer System (ATS) yang memungkinkan hacker mentransfer uang korban tanpa sepengetahuan mereka. Ada beberapa cara pencegahan atau preventif untuk menghindari diri dari serangan malware. Jika memiliki server, dapat memasang firewall, Interusion Prevention System (IPS), Deep Packet Inspection (DPI), Unified Thread Management System, antivirus, hingga konten filtering.
BLADDER TRAINING PADA IBU POST SECTIO CAESAREA
Authors: Afni Darma , Indah Sari Nurul
Published: August 2023

Bladder training is a prominent factor in accelerating post-surgical recovery and can prevent post-surgical complications. The aim of the study was to determine Bladder training in post-cesarean section mothers in the Midwifery Room of Puri Husada Tembilahan Hospital. The study used a descriptive research design with a cross sectional approach. The sample in the research was 32 post-cesarean mothers using a total sampling technique carried out from February to April 2019. The data collection tool was a questionnaire that contained demographic data and was filled in by the researchers themselves. The results of the research on the frequency distribution of respondents based on bladder training showed that all respondents did bladder training after cesarean section. It can be concluded that all respondents want to do bladder training and it is very beneficial for mothers after cesarean section.

 

Bladder training merupakan faktor yang menonjol dalam mempercepat pemulihan pasca bedah dan dapat mencegah komplikasi pasca bedah. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui Bladder training pada ibu pasca seksio sesarea Ruang Kebidanan RSUD Puri Husada Tembilahan. Penelitian menggunakan desain penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel dalam penelitan adalah ibu pasca seksio sesarea sebanyak 32 orang dengan menggunakan teknik pengambilan sampel secara total sampling dilakukan pada bulan Februari sampai April 2019. Alat pengumpulan data adalah kuisioner yang berisi data tentang data demografi dan diisi sendiri oleh peneliti langsung. Hasil penelitian distribusi frekuensi responden berdasarkan bladder training didapatkan hasil seluruh responden melakukan bladder training pasca seksio sesarea. Dapat disimpulkan seluruh responden mau melakukan bladder training dan sangat bermanfaat bagi ibu-ibu pasca seksio sesarea.
ASUHAN KEBIDANAN KOMPREHENSIF PADA NY. K DI KLINIK UTAMA LESTARI TEMBILAHAN
Authors: Yanofiyanti Tri
Published: August 2023

Comprehensive midwifery care is care that is carried out thoroughly from pregnancy to family planning to reduce Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) and Infant Mortality Rate (IMR). At the Utama Lestari Clinic, from January to December 2021, there were 539 pregnant women, pregnant women, BBL, 297 postpartum women and 963 family planning acceptors. Objective: To provide comprehensive care for Mrs. “K” at Klinik Utama Lestari using Varney's line of thought and documented in SOAP form. Methods: Midwifery management plan with Varney's line of thought and documented in SOAP form, implemented at Klinik Utama Lestari on 23 April s/d 05 July 2022. This midwifery care was carried out on Mrs. "K" aged 33 years G3P2A0H2. Results: The ANC had met the 10 T standard, the INC was running smoothly, there was a gap in the delivery of metergin, KN 1 was not given SHK, in postpartum and family planning there are no problems. Suggestion: Main Lestari Clinic can provide health workers such as midwives who are trained to check SHK and facilitate complete equipment.

 

Asuhan kebidanan komprehensif adalah asuhan yang dilakukan secara menyeluruh dari mulai hamil sampai keluarga berencana untuk menurunkan Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) dan Angka Kematian Bayi (AKB). Di Klinik Utama Lestari dari Januari sampai Desember tahun 2021 tercatat ibu hamil 539 orang, ibu bersalin, BBL, ibu nifas sebanyak 297 orang dan akseptor KB sebanyak 963 orang. Tujuan dalam asuhan ini Memberikan asuhan secara komprehensif pada Ny “K” di Klinik Utama Lestari dengan menggunakan alur fikir varney  dan didokumentasikan dalam bentuk SOAP. Metode asuhan ini adalah Rancangan manajemen kebidanan dengan alur fikir varney dan didokumentasikan dalam bentuk SOAP, dilaksanakan di Klinik Utama Lestari pada tanggal 23 April s/d 05 Juli 2022. Asuhan kebidanan ini dilakukan pada Ny.”K” umur 33 Tahun G3P2A0H2. Dari hasil asuhan didapatkan Pada ANC telah memenuhi standar 10  T, INC berjalan dengan lancar, terdapat kesenjangan pada persalinan pemberian metergin, KN 1 tidak dilakukan pemberian SHK, pada nifas dan KB tidak terdapat masalah. Saran Bagi Klinik Utama Lestari dapat menyediakan tenaga kesehatan seperti bidan yang terlatih untuk pemeriksaan SHK dan memfasilitasi peralatan yang lengkap.
PENDAMPINGAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PUBLIC SPEAKING SANTRI DI PONDOK PESANTREN MAMBA’UL HUDA KALIABU
Authors: Afif Ma’ruf Muhammad , Purwanto Purwanto
Published: August 2023

Mamba'ul Huda Kaliabu Islamic Boarding School is one of the pesantren required to produce quality students in this field. Santri must become a good public speaker when they have mingled with the community. The problem faced by some students is that students still have difficulty speaking well in public. There are many reasons behind this, including lack of confidence and lack of communication skills. This service aims to observe and assist and find out how the methods used by the students in learning to improve their public speaking skills. Due to the object of this dedication to religious education institutions, the practice of learning through Khitobah is carried out every Sunday night according to the schedule of the pesantren agenda. The approach used in this service is PAR (Participation Action Research). The method used in this service is training. Practically, the service carried out can help improve the public speaking skills of the Mamba'ul Huda Kaliabu Islamic Boarding School students.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN SANTRI DALAM TILAWAH ALQURAN DI PONDOK PESANTREN MAMBA`UL HUDA KALIABU
Authors: Rosad Rosad , Maryono Maryono
Published: August 2023

The form of attention and development of recitation of the Qur'an is one of the extra-curricular activities at the Mamba`ul Huda Islamic Boarding School and has been going on since 2010. The obstacles in improving the recitation ability are that there are still students who are not fluent in mentioning letters or makharijul letters, and recitation, the absence of special supervision from the management, then the lack of interest motivation of students. The purpose of this service is to develop and improve students' recitation skills so that they can read the Qur'an properly, correctly according to the rules, and be able to recite the rhythm in reading the Qur'an. This service uses a PAR (Participation Action Research) approach. The method used in the service is on-the-job training or direct practice. This service can help the students of the Mamba`ul Huda Islamic Boarding School in reciting the Koran.
Énonciation, sexualités et genre en musique chez Philémon Cimon, Pierre Lapointe et Ariane Moffatt
Authors: Konaté Khady
Published: August 2023

Dans ce texte est proposée une « lecture du genre » (Boisclair 2002) des oeuvres de Philémon Cimon (L’été,Les femmes comme des montagnes), Pierre Lapointe (Pierre Lapointe,Sentiments humains) et Ariane Moffatt (Aquanaute,Le coeur dans la tête,Tous les sens). L’étude des chansons contenues sur ces albums prend pour point de départ une interrogation des subjectivités genrées de ces trois artistes, entre personne réelle etpersona, et montre que ces dernières façonnent leurs compositions. La sollicitation du concept de sexe/genre ouvre dès lors la porte à l’exploration des représentations des identités sexuelles et de genre dans ces chansons, où les identités des artistes se trouvent mises en abîme. En s’intéressant à l’énonciation et au discours (en particulier, au discours amoureux) contenu dans le texte des chansons sélectionnées, il est possible de rendre compte de la reproduction des injonctions à l’hétérosexualité et des poncifs qui cloisonnent le genre, ainsi que des glissements et brouillages qui autorisent des resignifications du genre. Ainsi, chez Cimon, on observe la reconduite du point de vue masculin où la valeur du féminin réside dans sa capacité à émerveiller le sujet et à susciter son désir. À l’opposé, les textes de Lapointe et Moffatt dépeignent des personnages et des récits queer, bien que leur identité queer n’ait pas été revendiquée à l’heure de la parution de leurs oeuvres.
Genre, rap et enjeux de visibilité dans l’espace public des rappeuses à Montréal
Authors: Lesacher Claire
Published: August 2023

Cet article, basé sur une enquête de terrain menée en 2011, à Montréal, porte sur les enjeux qui traversent la question de la présentation physique des rappeuses dans l’espace public. Au cours des entretiens, les rappeuses soulignent que les activités de médiatisation et de représentation sur scène impliquent de devoir composer avec des représentations situées de la féminité dans un contexte où les industries musicales et médiatiques favorisent leur visibilité d’abord en tant que femmes, ce qui a des effets sur leur reconnaissance/légitimité en tant qu’artiste. Cette étude jette un regard sur les processus qui s’organisent dans une activité rap majoritairement masculine, elle-même durablement évincée des espaces dominants de production et de médiatisation de la musique au Québec.
Manifestations of Urban Interiority in Delhi Gate Bazaar of Lahore
Authors: Shah Sarah Javed , Muro Carles
Published: August 2023

In the contemporary debate, the notion of interiority has expanded beyond the confines of the interior, in the urban realm, as a conjunction of urban and interior conditions. This article aims to contribute to the discourse, using the lens of urban interiority to explore the unique spatial character and distinct cultural practices in Lahore’s Delhi Gate Bazaar. The bazaar exists on a linear passageway, the Royal Trail, as a network of interior, exterior, and in-between spaces—establishing a spatial continuum by blurring the boundaries between the public and private and uninterrupted flow of spaces from outside to inside. This urban space has a strong sense of history, culture, and traditions; constructing personal and collective engagement through modes of space inhabitation and appropriation. These practices include temporal improvisation and modification of certain aspects for everyday use and environmental alteration for achieving thermal comfort, along with synchronised occurrences of cultural traditions and commercial activities. This article interprets observations through drawings to describe the experience of space through gradations of interiority and transition through thresholds, constructing visual narratives of diverse uses, activities, and the interaction between people, objects, and space.
Korean Public Bathhouse: Potential of Interiority
Authors: Huh Michelle Boyoung
Published: August 2023

This essay introduces the Korean public bathhouse, jjimjil-bang, to understand the concept of interiority from sociocultural and psychological perspectives. The author addresses interiority as a continuous process of defining the range of intimacy that changes with context, space, and time. Interiority involves individuating spatial and situational moments in the blended physical, perceived, and imaged environment. In exploring interiority, the case of jjimjil-bang suggests broad perspectives for understanding spatial circumstances as an integration of the activity, environment, and situation. The author introduces the characteristics of jjimjil-bang in terms of the program, spatial structure, and meaning of memory. To demonstrate the potential of interiority, the concepts of private-public, interiority-exteriority, inclusivity-exclusivity, closeness-openness, and the quotidian issue are discussed. Consequently, the author highlights the individual's subjectivity of spatial perception, the desire for intimacy, and the individual's engagement in shaping interiority. Thus, the range of interiority is expanded from self to outworld beyond the physical space.
Situated Interior
Authors: Atmodiwirjo Paramita , Yatmo Yandi Andri
Published: August 2023

The idea of a situated interior reflects the conceptual understanding of an expanded range of interiority from the self to the outside world; it involves traversing rigid boundaries to allow fluidity and continuity. The situated interior considers the critical role of other things in defining the interior practice, from the practice of inhabitation and the practice of making and designing to the dynamic formation of the discipline. The collection of articles in this issue of Interiority demonstrates the numerous ways particular situations define the practice of design, inhabitation, and the discipline of the interior. The narratives of various situations presented in this issue of Interiority demonstrate the relational qualities of self, interior, and context manifested in the continuous process of making, inhabiting, and experiencing. They highlight the critical role of such relational qualities as a foundation for a better understanding of interior practice and interior inhabitation that are dynamic and meaningful.
Política pública da educação em tempo integral: o caso de Pernambuco
Authors: Costa Antonio Carlos de Lima , Albuquerque José de Lima , Correia Neto Jorge da Silva , De Souza Eliabe Roberto , De Morais Márcio Aurélio Carvalho , De Oliveira Ana Beliza Diniz Cordeiro , Amaro Elidiane Suane Dias de Melo , Amaro Rodrigo Gayger
Published: August 2023

A Educação Integral em Pernambuco tornou-se Política Pública de Estado em 2008,por meio da Lei Complementar Estadual nº 125/08. De acordo com o Conselho Nacional de Secretários de Educação (CONSED), o modelo fundamenta-se na concepção da educação interdimensional, como espaço privilegiado do exercício da cidadania e o protagonismo juvenil como estratégia imprescindível para a formação do jovem autônomo, competente, solidário e produtivo.  A partir desse contexto, o Estado de Pernambuco, com o objetivo de eliminar algumas dessas deficiências dentro do Estado, criou um programa em educação integral para escolas do Ensino Médio de sua rede. De acordo com o CONSED (2019), o programa atualmente abrange 392 escolas do ensino médio que atuam em tempo integral e semi-integral (EREM) e 45 Escolas Técnicas Estaduais (ETE). O objetivo edsta pesquisa foi  investigar a Política de Educação Integral em Pernambuco quanto à formulação, à implantação e às ações de referência de qualidade educacional. Trata-se de uma pesquisa, quanto a abordagem, qualitativa e quanto aos objetivos, descritiva. Quanto aos procedimentos caracteriza-se como uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Como resultados da pesquisa pode concluir que Com a implantação da política pública de educação integral no Estado de Pernambuco, por meio do lançamento de um programa com esta finalidade, a partir do ano de 2008 o IDEB em Pernambuco teve seu melhor desempenho após a criação dessas escolas, pois já em 2015 Pernambuco ficou empatado com o Estado de São Paulo em primeiro lugar no ranking nacional. Com relação à evolução das notas da Prova Brasil em Português e Matemática no Ensino Médio, o percentual de alunos aprovados no estado saltou de 73% em 2005 para 93% em 2017, o segundo maior do país, atrás apenas de Goiás e bem acima da média brasileira. Assim, ao se analisar a experiência de Pernambuco, percebe-se que políticas públicas como o da escola integral contribuem para a melhoria da qualidade do ensino e fortalecem o papel da educação como instrumento de mobilidade social.
Orbital Index in Human Dry Skulls of East Indian Origin: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Das Sayantan , Khalkho Anupam , Mukhopadhyay Paramita , Mukherjee Parijat
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Orbital index demonstrates the proportion of the orbital length to the orbital width and varies with race, geographic region, and ethnicity. Aim: To evaluate the normal reference orbital parameters for the adult Bihar population of east Indian region. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Mata Gujri Memorial Medical College, Kishanganj, Bihar, India for a period of one month from September 2022 to October 2022. A total of 41 dry adult skulls irrespective of sex were included. The digital Vernier caliper was used to measure the maximum orbital height and width. The orbital index was determined by using the formula maximum orbital length (height)/maximum orbital width×100. Based on the average orbital index as standard, three categories of orbits have been described-Megaseme (large): the orbital index is 89 or over, Mesoseme (intermediate): the orbital index varies between 89 to 83, and Microseme (small): the orbital index is 83 or less. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. Orbital index between the right-side and left-side were compared using an unpaired two-tailed t-test at a 95% confidence limit. Results: Mean orbital length of right orbit of the dry skulls was 33.14±1.95 mm and left orbit was 33.44±1.92 mm. The mean orbital width of right orbit was 39.43±2.47 and left orbit was 39.13±2.49 mm. The mean orbital index was found to be 84.26±5.59 mm and 85.62±5.17 mm on the right and left orbit respectively (p-value=0.244). According to the orbital index the studied group of east Indian population comes under the mesoseme category. Conclusion: The study provides useful baseline orbital morphometric data of east Indian population which are very important during forensic research.
Mannheim Peritonitis Index as a Predictor of Post-operative Complications, Mortality and Duration of Hospital Stay in Patients with Peritonitis due to Hollow Viscus Perforation: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Urval Medha , Desai Mallikarjun
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Peritonitis due to hollow viscus perforation is a common surgical emergency and can be life-threatening. Patients who undergo surgery for peritonitis require extensive counselling to fully understand the nature of the disease, the need for surgery, post-operative complications and the duration of hospital stay. Hence, scoring systems are necessary to determine the severity of the disease to provide sufficient prognostic data. Aim: To evaluate the Mannheim Peritonitis Index (MPI) scoring system as a predictor of post-operative complications, mortality and duration of hospital stay in patients with peritonitis due to hollow viscus perforation. Materials and Methods: The prospective cohort study was carried out in 50 diagnosed cases of perforation peritonitis admitted at the centre during the study period from November 2017 to October 2018. MPI was calculated for each patient, following which they were stratified into three risk groups- 1, 2 and 3 with scores of ≤20, 21-29 and ≥30, respectively. Post- operative complications, mortality, and duration of hospital stay were analysed. Statistical analysis was done using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software 24.0. Results: Out of 50 patients included, 36 were male and 14 were female with a mean age of 41.14 years. A total of eight patients suffered mortality. The incidence of mortality in risk Group-1 was 0 out of 29 patients (0%), risk Group-2 was 3 out of 13 patients (23.1%) and risk Group-3 was 5 out of 8 patients (62.5%), respectively and hence MPI was a useful indicator of prediction of mortality in perforation peritonitis patients. The risk factors which had a higher significance in predicting mortality were found to be, organ failure at presentation and the nature of intra-peritoneal exudate with a p-value of 0.029 and <0.001, respectively. In 29 patients, there were no complications and 13 patients had a single complication, 8 patients had multiple complications. The incidence of multiple post-operative complications in a patient in risk Group-1, 2 and 3 were 1 (12.5%), 2 (25%) and 5 (62.5%) patients, respectively. The number of complications in a patient increased as the MPI score increases. Dispersion of duration of hospital stay in discharged patients according to MPI score using Pearsons’s correlation, showed statistical significance with the value of r being 0.6214, the p-value being 0.000011. The duration of hospital stay of patients who were discharged, increased as the MPI score increased. Conclusion: MPI was effective in predicting post-operative complications, mortality and duration of hospital stay in patients with peritonitis due to hollow viscus perforation and hence can be used as an effective tool to facilitate counseling and educate the patient and relatives regarding the expected course of the disease in that particular patient.
Effect of Additives on Decomposition of Methyl Orange and Congo Red Dyes Found in Industrial Wastewater
Authors: Hossain Jahangir , Monira Shirajum , Shahinuzzaman M. , Avick Md. Samiul Bari , Islam Md. Shaharul , Khatun Mst. Marjia , Razzaque S. M. Abdur , Uddin Md. Helal
Published: August 2023

A number of textile industries are using different types of dyes which can be a threat to the environment when they are directly exposed without any treatment. The advanced oxidation process (AOP) has become one of the popular methods in which the dye molecules are degraded using microwave irradiation. This method has become popular due to its eco-friendly and cost-efficient characteristics. In this article, the author has reported the degradation of two azo dyes, named methyl orange (MO) and congo red (CR), in the presence of inorganic salts, some additives like charcoal, H2O2, CCl4, tert-butyl alcohol (TBA), glucose and sucrose. A comparative study was conducted to find out the relative degradation rate enhanced by various additives. For both of the dyes, it was found that charcoal was the most effective additive and significantly enhanced the degradation rate mainly due to its high adsorption capability. TBA was found to be the least enhancer. The order of effectiveness based on the irradiation period for MO was 0.01g charcoal > 20 ml NaCl > 20 ml Na2SO4 > 20ml glucose> 10 ml sucrose > 100 μL CCl4 > 200 μL H2O2 > pure MO > TBA. On the other hand, the order of effectiveness for CR for the same condition of irradiation was Combined additives>0.01g charcoal > TBA > 100 μL CCl4> pure CR.
Marker-assisted Selection of Bivoltine Silkworm Genetic Resources for Thermotolerance
Authors: Maheswari M. , Naik Tulsi , Chaudhuri Ritwika Sur , Lokesh G. , Sreenivasa B. T.
Published: August 2023

The aim of the study is identification of bivoltine breeds showing thermotolerance to evaluate for regional abiotic stress conditions to achieve successful bivoltine cocoon production.

Study Design: Lepidopteran insect, Bombyx mori silkworm is more prone to crop losses due to hot climatic conditions during summer seasons. In order to produce bivoltine cocoons consistently throughout the year without affecting productivity during hot summer season, high temperature tolerant silkworm breeds are indispensable. The vast silkworm B.mori (L.) germplasm available needs to be screened using reliable molecular markers to select efficient productive breeds with high temperature tolerance.

Marker assisted selection (MAS) has been widely used in selection of desired traits for breeding programs. It is believed that selection based on trait linked to DNA marker would be better option than phenotypic selection which is laborious and time consuming.

Place and Duration of the Study: The study has been taken up for 3 years in collaboration with Seribiotech Research Laboratory, Kodathi

Methodology: The present study has been carried out to screen forty selected bivoltine silkworm B. mori germplasm resources exhibiting higher rate of survival and high productivity using SSR markers (LFL329; LFL1123; S0809; S0813) linked to thermotolerance in silkworm so as to identify thermotolerant breeds.

Results: Based on the PCR product resolved in 2% agarose gel and presence of bands corresponding thermotolerance and thermosusceptible markers observed, 10 bivoltine accessions showed 87-100% thermotolerance were selected viz. BBI-0086 (KPG-A), BBE-0184 (SMGS-2), BBI-0301 (YS-7) and BBI-0339 (DD-2) and the accessions spinning dumbbell cocoons- BBI-0044 (NB4D2), BBI-0334 (APS-4), BBI-0336 (APS-8), BBI-0338 (DD-1), BBI-0343 (NK3) and BBI-0358 (CSR26) for further validation through field trials in selected hotspots viz. Tropical - High temperature and low humidity at RSRS, Jammu and REC Chitradurga; Sub tropical - High temperature and high humidity at RSRS Jammu and Temperate at CSRTI, Berhampore.

Conclusion: The present study elucidate the impact of temperature and humidity associated stress conditions over economic traits performances of selected bivoltine accessions. The findings of the present study provide a suitable platform for future bivoltine crop improvement through breeding program.
Genetic Divergence Study in Groundnut Genotypes (Arachishypogaea L.)
Authors: Kulheri Anil , Sikarwar R. S. , Jakhar Kiran , Rajput S. S.
Published: August 2023

Employing the Mahalanobis D2 statistic, a divergence study was performed on 36 groundnut genotypes and 13 clusters were identified. Indicating that the genotypes of these groups may be more divergent from one another, the maximum inter-cluster distance (D) was found between cluster II and cluster XIII (315.56), followed by cluster III and cluster IX (289.56), cluster III and cluster XII (289.21), and cluster XII and cluster XIII (297.11). The genotypes in the mentioned clusters showed a significant difference in the means for traits that contribute significantly to yield, indicating that the genotypes in these clusters make ideal parents in a hybridization programme to produce transgressive segregants and improve groundnut.
A Comprehensive Review on Plant Disease Vectors and Their Management
Authors: Jaisval Girijesh Kumar , Dwivedi Hariom , Pandey Ajit , Jaiswal Shailja , Kumar Arun , Kushwaha Dhananjay , Shukla Puskar
Published: August 2023

Plant disease vectors play a critical role in agricultural productivity and ecosystem health. This comprehensive review explores the intricate nature of these vectors and their role in transmitting major plant diseases, including those of viral, bacterial, and fungal origins. It delves into the mechanisms underlying disease transmission, and the significant factors that influence vector efficiency. The socioeconomic and ecological impacts of these vectors are highlighted, with emphasis on crop yield reductions and ecological imbalances. Traditional and emerging vector management methods, such as chemical control, biological control, cultural practices, genetic engineering, and precision agriculture are examined. The review also addresses the challenges inherent to vector management, including resistance development, non-target effects, environmental factors, and socioeconomic barriers. Future perspectives are offered, emphasizing the need for sustainable strategies, exploitation of emerging technologies, enhanced surveillance, community involvement, policy support, and preparation for forthcoming challenges due to climate change, land-use alterations, and global trade. This extensive review presents a critical resource for stakeholders in plant disease vector management, guiding future research directions and policy-making.
Impact of Foliar Application of Nano Nitrogen and Nano Zinc on Soil Properties of Mustard (Brassica juncea L.) Crop
Authors: Sharma Kriti , Meena R. H. , Kumar Kishan , Singh Yash Vardhan , Kumar Pramod , Meena Deshraj , Kumawat Hansa
Published: August 2023

The utilization of nano-sized nitrogen (N) and zinc (Zn) fertilizers through foliar application has gained considerable attention in agricultural research. This study focuses on investigating the effects of such foliar applications on soil properties, including both chemical and biological aspects, after the harvest of mustard (Brassica juncea L.). The field experiment was carried out during October to March 2022 season at Instructional Farm, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, MPUAT, Udaipur which lies in agro-climatic zone IV-A of Rajasthan, India. The field was designed in a randomized block design having 10 treatments which were replicated thrice. The treatments include the various combination RDF and nano fertilizers of N and Zn. The application treatment T6 (100% NPK Zn +1st spray of Nano N and Zn at 30 DAS +2nd spray of Nano N and Zn at 45 DAS) has significantly increased the availability of macronutrients (N, P, K), micronutrients (Zn, Fe, Cu and Mn), microbial population (bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes) as well as the dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase enzyme activity in post-harvest soil of mustard over control.
Effect of Dural-Puncture Epidural vs Standard Epidural for Epidural Extension on Onset Time of Surgical Anesthesia in Elective Cesarean Delivery
Authors: Sharawi Nadir , Williams Matthew , Athar Waseem , Martinello Caroline , Stoner Kyle , Taylor Cameron , Guo Nan , Sultan Pervez , Mhyre Jill M.
Published: August 2023

Importance

Dural-puncture epidural (DPE) and standard epidural are common modes of neuraxial labor analgesia. Little is known about conversion of DPE-initiated labor analgesia to surgical anesthesia for cesarean delivery.

Objective

To determine whether DPE provides a faster onset and better-quality block compared with the standard epidural technique for cesarean delivery.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This double-blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted between April 2019 and October 2022 at a tertiary care university hospital (University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences). Participants included women aged 18 years and older undergoing scheduled cesarean delivery with a singleton pregnancy.

Interventions

Participants were randomized to receive DPE or standard epidural in the labor and delivery room. A T10 sensory block was achieved and maintained using a low concentration of bupivacaine with fentanyl through the epidural catheter until the time of surgery. Epidural extension anesthesia was initiated in the operating room.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary outcome was the time taken from chloroprocaine administration to surgical anesthesia (T6 sensory block). The secondary outcome was the quality of epidural anesthesia, as defined by a composite of the following factors: (1) failure to achieve a T10 bilateral block preoperatively in the delivery room, (2) failure to achieve a surgical block at T6 within 15 minutes of chloroprocaine administration, (3) requirement for intraoperative analgesia, (4) repeat neuraxial procedure, and (5) conversion to general anesthesia.

Results

Among 140 women (mean [SD] age, 30.1 [5.2] years), 70 were randomized to the DPE group, and 70 were randomized to the standard epidural group. The DPE group had a faster onset time to surgical anesthesia compared with the standard epidural group (median [IQR], 422 [290-546] seconds vs 655 [437-926] seconds; median [IQR] difference, 233 [104-369] seconds). The composite rates of lower quality anesthesia were 15.7% (11 of 70 women) in the DPE group and 36.3% (24 of 66 women) in the standard epidural group (odds ratio, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.14-0.74; P = .007).

Conclusions and Relevance

Anesthesia initiated following a DPE technique resulted in faster onset and improved block quality during epidural extension compared with initiation with a standard epidural technique. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings in the setting of intrapartum cesarean delivery.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03915574
Applying Lessons From Rheumatology to Better Understand Long COVID
Authors: Goldenberg Don L.
Published: August 2023

Long COVID can sometimes be attributed to organ damage and well‐characterized pathophysiology, but more often there is no evidence of organ damage or abnormal biomarkers. This is most evident in patients with mild to moderate initial SARS‐CoV‐2 infection who were not hospitalized. Their persistent symptoms are strikingly similar to those of fibromyalgia and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome, including fatigue, post‐exertional malaise, myalgias/arthralgias, and sleep and cognitive disturbances in 50% to 100% of cases.

Analogous pathophysiologic pathways in fibromyalgia (FM), myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), and long COVID include host–microbial interactions in the absence of direct tissue invasion and absence of systemic autoimmunity, with evidence for immune dysregulation as well as autonomic, peripheral, and central nervous system dysfunction. Current treatment of long COVID has been based on multidisciplinary management recommended for FM and ME/CFS and has been formalized and made widely available by funding for nationwide long COVID clinics. Long COVID and its treatment should be distinguished by the presence or absence of organ damage. The acknowledged role of patient engagement in research and open dialogue regarding work and disability noted in long COVID may have meaningful impact on patients with FM and ME/CFS. Hopefully, advances in basic long COVID research will aid in understanding FM and ME/CFS, and rheumatologists should thus be involved in such research and patient care.

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Predictors of Placebo Response to Local (Intra‐Articular) Therapy In Osteoarthritis: An Individual Participant Data Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Yu Shirley P. , van Middelkoop Marienke , Deveza Leticia A. , Ferreira Manuela L. , Bierma‐Zeinstra Sita , Zhang Weiya , Atchia Ismaël , Birrell Fraser , Bhagavath Venkatsha , Hunter David J.
Published: August 2023

Objective

We undertook this study to evaluate potential predictors of placebo response with intra‐articular (IA) injections for knee/hip osteoarthritis (OA) using individual participant data (IPD) from existing trials.

Methods

Randomized placebo‐controlled trials evaluating IA glucocorticoid or hyaluronic acid published to September 2018 were selected. IPD for disease characteristics and outcome measures were acquired. Potential predictors of placebo response included participant characteristics, pain severity, intervention, and trial design. Placebo response was defined as at least a 20% reduction in baseline pain. Logistic regression models and odds ratios were computed as effect measures to evaluate patient and pain mechanisms and then pooled using a random effects model. Generalized mixed‐effect models were applied to intervention and trial characteristics.

Results

Of 56 eligible trials, 6 shared data, and these were combined with the existing 4 OA Trial Bank studies, yielding 10 studies with IPD of 621 placebo participants for analysis. In the total placebo population, at short‐term follow‐up, the use of local anesthetic and ultrasound guidance were associated with reduced odds of placebo response. At midterm follow‐up, mid‐ to long‐term trial duration was associated with increased odds of placebo response, and worse baseline function scores were associated with reduced odds of a placebo response.

Conclusion

The administration of local anesthetics or ultrasound guidance may reduce IA placebo response at short‐term follow‐up. At midterm follow‐up, participants with worse baseline function scores may be less likely to respond to IA placebo, and mid‐ to long‐term trial duration may enhance the placebo response. Further studies are required to corroborate these potential predictors of IA placebo response.