bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“que el Sr. Alcalde haga destruir las casas pajizas”: El proceso de transformación urbana en Barranquilla a finales del siglo XIX y principios del XX
Authors: Agudelo González Ángela Lucia , Chapman Quevedo Willian Alfredo
Published: May 2022

El artículo tiene como objetivo indagar sobre el proceso de trasformación urbana de Barranquilla a finales del siglo XIX y comienzos del XX. Estudiando cómo en este proceso intervinieron diferentes factores, entre estos el auge económico, el crecimiento poblacional y los problemas salubridad e higiene.
Gestión del Patrimonio Cultural y Cooperación Internacional
Authors: Rodríguez Albor Gustavo
Published: May 2022

Resumen del libro "Gestión del patrimonio cultural y Cooperación Internacional" de la autora Lorena Monsalve Moreno. Escuela Latinoamericana de Cooperación y Desarrollo. Cartagena, 2011.
La medicina en la historia y la sociedad en barranquilla, 1865-1965.
Authors: Paez Casadiegos Yidy
Published: May 2022

Reseña crítico-contextual del libro: LA MEDICINA EN LA HISTORIA Y LA SOCIEDAD EN BARRANQUILLA 1865-1965, escrito por Jairo Solano Alonso y Emilio Quevedo. Ediciones Universidad Simon Bolivar, 2011, 419 paginas.
Ramón Illán Bacca: En busca del chisme perdido La Mujer Barbuda
Authors: Chaparro Hugo
Published: May 2022

Reseña de la novela "La mujer barbuda" del escritor Ramón Illan Bacca. Planeta. Bogotá, 2011.
Santa Marta, del olvido al recuerdo: Historia económica y social de más de cuatro siglos. Jorge Enrique Elías Caro. Editorial Unimagdalena. Santa Marta, 2010. 264 p.
Authors: Luquetta Cediel David J. , Elías Caro Jorge Enrique
Published: May 2022

Reseña del libro "Santa Marta, del olvido al recuerdo: Historia económica y social de más de cuatro siglos" del autor Jorge Elías Caro.
Access and equity for students with disabilities in Colombian higher education
Authors: Vidarte Adalia , Reina Zambrano Juanita , Mattheis Allison
Published: May 2022

Efforts to increase access to higher education in Colombia have resulted in increased enrollment across the country and an expansion of the postsecondary education sector. National legislation such as the 1994 Ley 115 guarantees individuals with disabilities the right to an inclusive public education, and in 2011, Colombia also adopted and ratified the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. Many sociopolitical and pedagogical obstacles remain, however, that make it difficult for students with disabilities to access higher education. In Colombia, only 1.7% of students with disabilities graduate from a university setting (Fundación Saldarriaga-Concha, 2018). This article draws from data collected for a larger mixed methods study exploring the influence of different social identities on students' experiences at a private university system in Colombia; here we focus specifically on the experiences of students with disabilities. We were guided by critical disabilities studies in education (DSE) as a theoretical framework for conceptualizing disability in educational settings and explored how the experiences of dis/abled students at Dosantos University reflect institutional policy commitments. Data from first-person narratives illustrate that students with disabilities face discrimination inside educational spaces that reflect broader limited societal understandings of dis/ability, but that students still persisted. Participants documented the strategies they use to successfully access postsecondary opportunity, and an analysis of their experiences illuminates ways that universities can reduce obstacles in this process.
Läsarengagemang, bildtolkning och identifikation
Authors: Ivakko Sirkka , Sundmark Björn
Published: May 2022

Reader Engagement, Interpretation, and Identification: Children’s Letters to the Christmas Annual Jultomten

The article examines a selection of children’s letters sent to the editor of the Swedish annual Christmas publication Jultomten (Father Christmas) during three years at the turn of the century 1900. The aim is to show how children responded to the editor’s invitation to write letters to the journal, how the children commented on some of the images, and how their appreciation and involvement were articulated in terms of reader engagement, interpretation, and identification. For this purpose, the letters were analyzed with the help of visual literacy theories and methods, which focus on primary school children’s picture (and picturebook) reception. The results show that the children’s response to the chosen images varies according to their level of involvement and degree of visual literacy competence.
Nina Christensen & Charlotte Appel, Children's Literature in the Nordic World
Authors: Österlund Mia
Published: May 2022

Review/Recension
马来西亚华语特有词语考察——以《马来西亚华语特有词语词典》为例
Authors: 晓梅 王 , 清海 周
Published: May 2022

文章以《马来西亚华语特有词语词典》为例,将马来西亚华语特有词语分为三类: 本土词语、异称词语、同称词语。进而提出分析特有词语的四个维度: 历时—共时、书面语—口语、共同语—方言、外语—华语。最后提炼出马来西亚华语特有词语的三个特点: 变异性、多元性、变动性。文章认为马来西亚华语极具特色,体现了全球华语的跨区交流与融合。
Drying kinetics of Pleurotus eryngii slices during hot air drying
Authors: Liu He , Jiao Junhua , Tian You , Liu Jia’ao , Yuan Pei , Wu Xuehong
Published: May 2022

Hot air drying is widely adopted to extend the shelf life of Pleurotus eryngii, which is an edible fungus with high nutritional value and large market demand. Understanding moisture transfer during hot air drying is essential for both quality improvement and energy-efficient dryer design. In this study, we investigated the drying kinetics of P. eryngii slices with different thicknesses (4, 8, and 12 mm) under different hot air temperature levels (40, 50, 60, 70, and 80°C) and a constant air velocity (2 m/s). It is found that the drying rate increases with the increase of the hot air temperature or the decrease of the thickness of P. eryngii slices. Only a falling rate period was observed during the hot air drying. We used eight mathematical models to describe the drying kinetics of P. eryngii slices and found that the logarithmic model fits the experimental data best. The fitted effective moisture diffusivity of P. eryngii slices is in the range of

3.34
×

10

−
9

3.34\times {10}^{-9}

to

2.25
×

10

−
9

 m

2

/
s

2.25\times {10}^{-9}{\text{ m}}^{2}/\text{s}

, and the fitted drying activation energy is 19.30 kJ/mol, agreeing with the results in the literature. Additionally, we noticed that the color of dried P. eryngii slices becomes darker with the increase of hot air temperature due to the Maillard browning reaction. This study helps to understand the drying kinetics of P. eryngii slices during the hot air drying and guides the drying process optimization.
Direct determination of thermal expansion coefficients from the profile fitting of a diffractogram
Authors: Sentiero Raffaele , Gispert-Guirado Francesc
Published: May 2022

This paper presents a set of files for working with Topas software in order to calculate the thermal expansion coefficients of a crystal phase as a function of the temperature from a set of powder diffractograms. All the calculations and profile fittings are performed in the same run, in cascade and without interruption. Free graphics software GNUPLOT reads the output files in order to display both the characteristic three-dimensional thermal expansion surface and any section of this surface. The results are also generated as text files. The files also calculate the thermal expansion coefficients in any [u, v, w] direction and at any temperature, and the angles between the principal axes and the crystallographic axes. The user can modify the input text files to their requirements. The calculations have been checked with calculated diffractograms at different temperatures for a triclinic, monoclinic and tetragonal phase. The calculated coefficients have been compared with previous works and show good agreement. The extent to which the peak/noise ratio of the diffractogram affects the calculated thermal expansion coefficients is also discussed.
The Life and Hungarian Legations of Cardinal Gregorius de Crescentio
Authors: Barabás Gábor
Published: May 2022

The study deals with the ecclesiastical career and the Hungarian legations of Gregory, the cardinal deacon of S. Maria in Aquiro (1188–1200?), then the cardinal presbyter of S. Vitalis (1200?–1207?). Gregory was of noble origin and an important member of the college of cardinals at the end of the 12th and the outset of the 13th century. His activity in the service of the popes was quite complex, among other things he acted as auditor in the Curia and fulfilled diplomatic missions of various kinds as well. He visited the Hungarian Realm twice, first in 1199–1200 whilst his task was to help the reconciliation of King Emeric with his younger brothér, princé Andréw. Grégory’s sécond Hungarian légation covéréd a sériés of écclésiastical issués in 1207, for instancé hé invéstigatéd, whéthér thé éléction of thé king’s brothér-in-law, Berthold of Merania as archbishop of Kalocsa legitime was. Furthermore, the paper intends to analysé thé naturé of thé cardinal’s authorizations as wéll.
Ungarische Weihekandidaten in Curia Romana im späten Mittelalter
Authors: Fedeles Tamás
Published: May 2022

On the 19th of March 1496, the inhabitants of Rome could observe a group of foreign clerics in the neighbourhood of the Piazza Navona. Naturally, this proved to be a usual practice, as people of different status from every corner of the European continent arrived continuously to the Urbs Aeterna. Among those, who arrived in the city next to the River Tevere, from time to time we may observe those, who wanted to receive different grades of the holy orders either on their own or in groups. In one of these groups, we may mention numerous clericals, whom were on their way to the Church San Panthaleone in the Parione district of the city, where the general ordination was performed by Joshua, the bishop of Ascoli. Among the 118 candidates, altogether 53 clericals arrived in Rome from the remote Carpathian Basin. Both the number of Hungarians and their ratio among the whole group (46%) should be highlighted, as such a populous group of clericals cannot be mentioned neither from the previous nor from the following decades. In my presentation, I will survey the general characteristic features of the “turismo delle ordinazioni” of Hungarian clericals on the bases of the Libri formatarum series, which can be found in the Camera Apostolica fond of the Archivio Segreto Vaticano. I will seek answers to the following questions: Who and why did undertake the long journey? From which regions and in which ratio of the Carpathian Basin arrived clericals to the Papal Court? Did the Hungarian and international political events influence these journeys?
The Idea of the State and the Problem of Continuity
Authors: Sashalmi Endre
Published: May 2022

The usefulness of the concept of state in the study of medieval political thought is a matter of an age-old debate. This study argues that from the 13th century onwards it is plausible to speak about the beginnings of the state as an idea (and also as an institution) with some reservations to be kept in mind. Consequently, it is the issue of continuity which stands in the focus of this writing in which I intend to present the approaches of some emblematic authors on the topic, such as Quentin Skinner, pondering, at the same time, their applicability. I also emphasize in passing the importance of visual sources in the study of early modern concept of state and sovereignty, such as allegorical personification of nationes and the impact of new cartography.
Meeting of Rulers in the Scepus Region (1214)
Authors: Font Márta
Published: May 2022

The personal meetings of medieval rulers were of great importance just like the political meetings of our present days. Yet, in most cases only the fact of the meeting has remained to us, without any information on thé détails, thé pérsons présént théré, and thé duration of thé participants’ stay étc. In this paper we intend to reconstruct the meeting and its circumstances based on the events prior to that and on its consequences.
”By now only the name of the village is Hungarian …”
Authors: Bandi Bálint
Published: May 2022

Many aspects of the demography of early modern Transylvania are still waiting to be unfolded. Demographic studies about the era shed light on only certain segments of the whole picture, due to the fragmented historical sources, as well as the limited scope of the censuses. Moreover, in the absence of fundamental research, it is not even possible to examine the migration processes that took place in the era. The censuses (conscriptiones) made in the first decades of the 18th century, which in many cases contain the names of the householders, are suitable for examining the demographic changes and the ethnic distribution of certain settlements. This article provides an insight into the demography of the Unitarian settlements belonging to the castle domain of Gyalu by using censuses and ecclesiastical sources. It should be emphasized that this type of research is only a drop in the ocean in terms of the complexity of the issue. However, its results hopefully contribute to a deeper understanding of the demographic changes of Transylvania.
A Direct Comparison of Theta Power and Frequency to Speed and Acceleration
Authors: Kennedy Jack P. , Zhou Yuchen , Qin Y. , Lovett Sarah D. , Sheremet A. , Burke S. N. , Maurer A. P.
Published: May 2022

Decades of hippocampal neurophysiology research have linked the hippocampal theta rhythm to voluntary movement. A consistent observation has been a robust correlation between the amplitude (or power) and frequency of hippocampal theta and running speed. Recently, however, it has been suggested that acceleration, not running speed, is the dominating influence on theta frequency. There is an inherent interdependence among these two variables, as acceleration is the rate of change in velocity. Therefore, we investigated theta frequency and amplitude of the local-field potential recorded from the stratum pyramidale, stratum radiatum, and stratum lacunosum moleculare of the CA1 subregion, considering both speed and acceleration in tandem as animals traversed a circular task or performed continuous alternation. In male and female rats volitionally controlling their own running characteristics, we found that running speed carries nearly all of the variability in theta frequency and power, with a minute contribution from acceleration. These results contradicted a recent publication using a speed-clamping task, where acceleration and movement are compelled through the use of a bottomless car (Kropff et al., 2021a). Therefore, we reanalyzed the speed-clamping data replicating a transient increase in theta frequency during acceleration. Compared with track running rats, the speed-clamped animals exhibited lower velocities and acceleration values but still showed a stronger influence of speed on theta frequency relative to acceleration. As navigation is the integration of many sensory inputs that are not necessarily linearly related, we offer caution in making absolute claims regarding hippocampal physiology from correlates garnered from a single behavioral repertoire.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTA long-standing, replicable observation has been the increase of hippocampal theta power and frequency with increasing running speed. Recently, however, an experimental approach that clamps the running speed of an animal has suggested that acceleration is the dominant influence. Therefore, we analyzed data from freely behaving rats as well as data from the speed-clamping experiment. In unrestrained behavior, speed remains the dominant behavioral correlate to theta amplitude and frequency. Positive acceleration in the speed-clamp experiment induced a transient increase in theta frequency and power. However, speed retained the dominant influence over theta frequency, changing with velocity in both acceleration and deceleration conditions.
Human Spindle Variability
Authors: Gonzalez Christopher , Jiang Xi , Gonzalez-Martinez Jorge , Halgren Eric
Published: May 2022

In humans, sleep spindles are 10- to 16-Hz oscillations lasting approximately 0.5–2 s. Spindles, along with cortical slow oscillations, may facilitate memory consolidation by enabling synaptic plasticity. Early recordings of spindles at the scalp found anterior channels had overall slower frequency than central-posterior channels. This robust, topographical finding led to dichotomizing spindles as “slow” versus “fast,” modeled as two distinct spindle generators in frontal versus posterior cortex. Using a large dataset of intracranial stereoelectroencephalographic (sEEG) recordings from 20 patients (13 female, 7 male) and 365 bipolar recordings, we show that the difference in spindle frequency between frontal and parietal channels is comparable to the variability in spindle frequency within the course of individual spindles, across different spindles recorded by a given site, and across sites within a given region. Thus, fast and slow spindles only capture average differences that obscure a much larger underlying overlap in frequency. Furthermore, differences in mean frequency are only one of several ways that spindles differ. For example, compared with parietal, frontal spindles are smaller, tend to occur after parietal when both are engaged, and show a larger decrease in frequency within-spindles. However, frontal and parietal spindles are similar in being longer, less variable, and more widespread than occipital, temporal, and Rolandic spindles. These characteristics are accentuated in spindles which are highly phase-locked to posterior hippocampal spindles. We propose that rather than a strict parietal-fast/frontal-slow dichotomy, spindles differ continuously and quasi-independently in multiple dimensions, with variability due about equally to within-spindle, within-region, and between-region factors.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTSleep spindles are 10- to 16-Hz neural oscillations generated by cortico-thalamic circuits that promote memory consolidation. Spindles are often dichotomized into slow-anterior and fast-posterior categories for cognitive and clinical studies. Here, we show that the anterior-posterior difference in spindle frequency is comparable to that observed between different cycles of individual spindles, between spindles from a given site, or from different sites within a region. Further, we show that spindles vary on other dimensions such as duration, amplitude, spread, primacy and consistency, and that these multiple dimensions vary continuously and largely independently across cortical regions. These findings suggest that multiple continuous variables rather than a strict frequency dichotomy may be more useful biomarkers for memory consolidation or psychiatric disorders.
Aged Rats Exhibit Altered Behavior-Induced Oscillatory Activity, Place Cell Firing Rates, and Spatial Information Content in the CA1 Region of the Hippocampus
Authors: Crown Lindsey M. , Gray Daniel T. , Schimanski Lesley A. , Barnes Carol A. , Cowen Stephen L.
Published: May 2022

Hippocampal gamma and theta oscillations are associated with mnemonic and navigational processes and adapt to changes in the behavioral state of an animal to optimize spatial information processing. It has been shown that locomotor activity modulates gamma and theta frequencies in rats, although how age alters this modulation has not been well studied. Here, we examine gamma and theta local-field potential and place cell activity in the hippocampus CA1 region of young and old male rats as they performed a spatial eye-blink conditioning task across 31 d. Although mean gamma frequency was similar in both groups, gamma frequency increased with running speed at a slower rate in old animals. By contrast, theta frequencies scaled with speed similarly in both groups but were lower across speeds in old animals. Although these frequencies scaled equally well with deceleration and speed, acceleration was less correlated with gamma frequency in both age groups. Additionally, spike phase-locking to gamma, but not theta, was greater in older animals. Finally, aged rats had reduced within-field firing rates but greater spatial information per spike within the field. These data support a strong relationship between locomotor behavior and local-field potential activity and suggest that age significantly affects this relationship. Furthermore, observed changes in CA1 place cell firing rates and information content lend support to the hypothesis that age may result in more general and context-invariant hippocampal representations over more detailed information. These results may explain the observation that older adults tend to recall the gist of an experience rather than the details.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTHippocampal oscillations and place cell activity are sensitive to sensorimotor input generated from active locomotion, yet studies of aged hippocampal function often do not account for this. By considering locomotion and spatial location, we identify novel age-associated differences in the scaling of oscillatory activity with speed, spike-field coherence, spatial information content, and within-field firing rates of CA1 place cells. These results indicate that age has an impact on the relationship between locomotion and hippocampal oscillatory activity, perhaps indicative of alterations to afferent input. These data also support the hypothesis that aged hippocampal place cells, compared with young, may more often represent more general spatial information. If true, these results may help explain why older humans tend to recall less specific and more gist-like information.
Anisotropic metadielectric converter
Authors: Ashcheulov Anatoly , Derevianchuk Mykola , Lavreniuk Dmytro
Published: May 2022

Purpose. Investigation of the peculiarities of the electric field energy conversion by an anisotropic meta-medium with a negative value of the dielectric constant in one of the selected main crystallographic directions.
Methodology. Research was carried out using methods of physical and mathematical modeling of anisotropic metadielectric converter; using methods to optimize the function of the dependence of the conversion factor m, anisotropic metadielectric converter, on the angle α between one of the crystallographic axes and the edge of the platinum a, at fixed anisotropy coefficients of metadielectric material.
Findings. For the first time, the peculiarities of the  electric field transformation by an anisotropic meta-medium with a negative value of the dielectric constant in one of the selected main crystallographic directions were studied. It is established that at the moment of application to the upper and lower faces  of the anisotropic metadielectric plate, which is the basis of the anisotropic metadielectric converter, some potential difference leads to polarization of its volume and the emergence of both longitudinal  and transverse components of the vortex electric field. This situation leads to axial folding of its internal field, which in turn causes the appearance of micro-vortices of the electric field, given by the expression , where  - the circular time of rotation of the micro-vortex, and signs "+" and "-" - indicate the direction of its rotation. Such axial electric micro vortices are an efficient mechanism that pumps energy between the physical vacuum and, in our case, the anisotropic metadielectric plate of the transducer.
The dependence of the transformation coefficient m of this medium on the value of anisotropy  is analyzed. Studies have shown that in the interval   the value of m is characterized by a negative value, and in the interval  – positive, this allowed us to determine the areas of stable existence of different types of energy.
The use of metadielectric material in comparison with the classical one is characterized by values of m>1. Note that in some cases there is an abnormal increase in the coefficient.
Originality. Using the representations of vortex electrodynamics, the mechanism of energy interaction between the vortex electric field of an anisotropic metaenvironment and the physical vacuum is proposed.
Practical value.  A model of the original design of an anisotropic metadielectric converter is proposed. Areas of its practical use in the form of generators of electricity, heat and cold are determined, calculated expressions for their efficiency are in the range η = 0.5 ÷ 0.98, and the cooling temperature can reach the temperature of liquid helium.
Classifying Health Information Interactions and their Motivations: A Study with Older Adults and Electronic Patient Portals
Authors:   Uppsala University, Huvila Isto ,   Åbo Akademi University, Eriksson-Backa Kristina ,   Åbo Akademi University, Hirvonen Noora ,   University of Oulu, Enwald Heidi ,   Åbo Akademi University; University of Oulu
Published: May 2022

Current research on electronic patient portals and electronic health records shows a broad range of benefits to patients, healthcare professionals and healthcare when patients are allowed to take part of their medical record information. There are, however, shortcomings in the current knowledge about patients’ and other stakeholders’ information interactions with electronic health record systems and what motivates them to use these. We present a tentative classification of information interactions with an electronic patient portal, the stakeholders involved in the interactions and reasons that motivate patients to interact with electronic health record information. The purpose of the classification scheme is 1) to inform the design of useful health information access systems, and simultaneously to 2) contribute to the broader information interaction research by acting as a first step in developing a more generic classification that brings together information interactions, their stakeholders and stakeholder motivations to engage with information.
Continuous real-time remote monitoring of severely or chronically ill children
Authors:   Eastern Switzerland University of Applied Sciences (OST), Maier Edith , Baer-Baldauf Pascale ,   University of Applied Sciences St. Gallen, Jaeschke Peter ,   Eastern Switzerland University of Applied Sciences (OST), Reimer Ulrich ,   Eastern Switzerland University of Applied Sciences (OST), Ulmer Tom ,   Eastern Switzerland University of Applied Sciences (OST)
Published: May 2022

Compared to parents of healthy children, parents of severely or chronically ill children have significantly worse physical and mental health and a lower quality of life, e.g. because of lack of sleep. The proposed solution aims at assisting caregivers by means of a remote monitoring service run by professional nursing staff which should allow parents to get a good night’s sleep. A smart algorithm has been developed to detect if a particular parameter (heart rate, respiration rate or oxygen saturation) has exceeded a pre-defined threshold and thus may imply an emergency. Parents are only alerted after a professional nurse in the monitoring centre has cross-checked vital parameter trends and carried out an audio-visual inspection. The quality and accuracy of the system has been validated through iterative testing including a test performed in a children’s hospital to ensure that the monitoring system is not inferior to a hospital set-up.
Uncertainty, conventions and short-term expectations
Authors: DEQUECH DAVID
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Contrasting different views on the topic, this article examines whether short-term expectations involve uncertainty, arguing in favour of an affirmative answer and thus invalidating any association with the rational or adaptive expectations hypothesis. It is then argued that the presence of uncertainty precludes any tendency towards equilibrium. After the notion of the state of short-term expectations is introduced, this conclusion is affirmed to be valid even if one considers that producers often follow conventional behaviour. Defending the view that uncertainty should be considered as gradable, the article maintains that conventions reduce but do not eliminate uncertainty.
El problema del grupo 3 de la Tabla Periódica: su enseñanza mediante la argumentación y la explicación científica: primera parte
Authors: Labarca Martín , Quintanilla-Gatica Mario Roberto , Izquierdo-Aymerich Mercé
Published: May 2022

Resumen: El propósito de este trabajo es proporcionar algunas ideas fundamentadas en la investigación en didáctica, historia y filosofía de la química que valoran propiciar procesos de argumentación y explicación en clase, visibilizando y comprendiendo los problemas filosóficos inherentes que presenta dicha disciplina científica. Sobre la base de este objetivo, presentaremos como caso de estudio el actual problema de la membresía del grupo 3 de la tabla periódica de los elementos y, a partir del mismo, cómo promover la argumentación y la explicación científica para comprender su problemática y controversia. En esta primera parte, presentaremos dicho problema, visibilizando las distintas interpretaciones y propuestas de solución. En la segunda parte, profundizamos en las directrices que nos proporciona la investigación en didáctica de la química e historia de la química con la finalidad de promover la argumentación y la explicación científica en el aula y contribuir así a aprendizajes de nivel superior.
Estrategias motivacionales mejora el desempeño docente
Authors: Herrera Julio Camacho , Rovalino Liset Rosalva Hernández
Published: May 2022

Introducción: El desempeño del docente tiene que ajustarse a las necesidades de los estudiantes de era digital, utilizando metodologías activas para despertarles el interés de aprender e involucrarlos a los temas de la clase espontáneamente para lograr aprendizajes significativos. Objetivo: demostrar la eficiencia de la aplicación de un programa de estrategias motivacionales que procura la mejora del desempeño profesional docente en el Colegio Fiscal Juan José Plaza Guayaquil - Ecuador. Metodología: Se ha trabajado con una muestra universal de 24 catedráticos, la recolección de la se realizó con un cuestionario de 26 preguntas sobre el desempeño docente; el estudio es de tipo aplicado, cuantitativo, experimental en modo pre-experimental, aplicando pretest y postest para valorar las variaciones del grupo de estudio. Resultados: el contraste de hipótesis manejó la distribución “t” Student para muestras asociadas. Los hallazgos del análisis de datos antes de aplicar las estrategias motivacionales el desempeño docente reveló 58,33% escala media, en el postest mejoró a una escala alta 75%, el contraste de los resultados presenta una diferencia de 37,5%. Conclusiones: se ha demostrado que hubo un cambio significativo en el nivel del desempeño docente.
Methods for characterising the steel–concrete interface to enhance understanding of reinforcement corrosion: a critical review by RILEM TC 262-SCI
Authors: Wong Hong S. , Angst Ueli M. , Geiker Mette R. , Isgor O. Burkan , Elsener Bernhard , Michel Alexander , Alonso Maria Cruz , Correia Maria Joao , Pacheco Jose , Gulikers Joost , Zhao Yuxi , Criado Maria , Raupach Michael , Sørensen Henrik , François Raoul , Mundra Shishir , Rasol Mezgeen , Polder Rob
Published: May 2022

The steel–concrete interface (SCI) is a complex, multi-phase and multi-scale system. It is widely known to influence the performance and long-term durability of concrete structures. However, a fundamental understanding of its properties and effects on corrosion initiation of embedded reinforcing steel remains elusive. This is attributed to its complicated heterogeneity and time-dependent nature, exacerbated by the lack of suitable techniques for systematic and detailed characterisation. This paper, prepared by members of the RILEM Technical Committee 262-SCI, critically reviews available information regarding current methods (laboratory or field-based) for characterising local properties of the SCI that have been identified as governing factors affecting corrosion initiation. These properties include characteristics of the steel such as mill scale and rust layers, and characteristics of the concrete such as interfacial voids, microstructure and moisture content. We evaluated over twenty methods and summarised their advantages, applications and limitations. The findings show a severe lack of well established, non-destructive techniques that are suitable for direct monitoring of the SCI at a representative scale with sufficiently high resolution (spatial, temporal), particularly for moisture related aspects. Several promising novel techniques with significant potential for further development and application were identified and discussed. Finally, we provide several recommendations for future research needs that are required to advance this critically important topic.
An evaluation of emergency vehicle preferential treatment strategies by traffic simulation
Authors: Malabanan Isrrah , Karoonsoontawong Ampol , Kanitpong Kunnawee
Published: May 2022

Emergency vehicles (EVs) must reach their destination within the shortest amount of time considering the importance of their service in saving lives and reducing damage to property. The aim of this research was to reduce the delay experienced by these vehicles through the alteration of traffic control signals to give preferential treatment to EVs upon detection. Specifically, this study compared three algorithms with concepts of EV pre-emption, longest queue first and emergency vehicle signal priority (EVSP) based on average general and EV delays through a traffic simulation approach using the Vissim software program and its component object model interface. The performance evaluation was applied at Tuk Chai intersection in Bangkok, Thailand as a case study. The second algorithm of longest queue first with pre-emption was found to be the best approach for both peak hour traffic conditions and 0.8 (peak) traffic conditions (i.e. peak hour traffic volume reduced by 20%), performing better than the do-nothing condition by 69.70% for stochastic EV input and 79.14% for fixed EV input. The findings also show that the algorithm of preferential treatment using EVSP strategies produced a competitive and robust performance with EV delay values better than the do-nothing condition by 75.96, 77.27 and 45.67% in 0.8 (peak), peak hour and 1.2 (peak) traffic conditions, respectively (the last of these three being peak hour traffic volume increased by 20%).
Symptoms and online intimate partner violence during the Covid-19 Quarantine
Authors: Martínez Gómez Jorge Arturo , Bolívar Suárez Yolima , Rey Anacona César Armando , Larrota Castillo Richard
Published: May 2022

Introduction: The Covid-19 pandemic has affected the physical and mental health of the population in general, in addition, during the quarantine, online intimate partner violence behaviours may arise, which increases the probability of psychopathological symptoms, with alterations in emotional and affective states.

Objective: The purpose this study was examine the relationship between psychopathological symptoms and online intimate partner violence behaviours during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Method: The design was correlational cross-sectional comparative, the sample nonprobability with the participation of 588 people of between 18 and 46 years of age. Symptom Checklist- SCL-36, Cyber dating abuse questionnaire and Sociodemographic questionnaire.

Results: Out of the total, 60 % reported having perpetrated a controlling behaviour and 54.3 % claimed to have been a victim of online abuse in your relationship, during the quarantine. It was found that there is a positive and significant relationship between cyber abuse, for both victimization and perpetration, and the psychopathological Symptomsby the Symptom Check List-36. A positive and significant relationship was also found between some symptoms assessed by the Symptom Check List-36 and sleep quality, cigarette consumption, and the intake of alcoholic and energising beverages during the quarantine. These results show that mental health may be affected by the confinement during the pandemic. Moreover, during the quarantine, intimate partner violence behaviours may arise, altering the emotional and affective state of individuals, with the appearance of symptoms of psychological disorders.

Conclusions: Therefore, future investigations should be geared towards intervention programmes to reduce the psychological impact on the people affected.
Fruit Extract Derived from a Mixture of Noni, Pineapple and Mango Capable of Coagulating Milk and Producing Curd with Antidiabetic Activities
Authors: Vejayan Jaya , Bathmanathan Rupbansraaj , Tuan Said Sharifah Aminah , Chakravarthi Srikumar , Ibrahim Halijah
Published: May 2022

Research background. Morinda citrifolia L. (noni), Ananas comosus L. cv. Sarawak (pineapple) and Mangifera indica L. cv. Apple (mango) represent fruits capable of coagulating milk and forming a curd. Plant-derived milk coagulants have antidiabetic phytochemicals that enrich the curd. Hence this work evaluates the dual benefits of the fruits in coagulating milk and the antidiabetic activities found in the obtained curd.
Experimental approach. The three fruits were mixed to form a supercoagulant (a milk coagulant mixture of the extracts at a ratio of 1:1:1), and the milk coagulation time was measured. The milk was coagulated by the supercoagulant, and thus fortified curd was tested for its ability to inhibit α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities. Then, the fortified curd was fed daily to streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and their biochemical markers such as blood glucose level, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine transaminase, etc. as well as histopathology of their liver and kidney tissues were compared with the untreated diabetic rats and normal rats.
Results and conclusion. The supercoagulant had a milk coagulation time of (28±3) s at a 50 mg/mL concentration. Its fortified curd inhibited α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities, with IC50 values of (4.04±0.03) and (3.42±0.02) mg/mL, respectively. The average mass of the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats fed daily with curd formed by the supercoagulant was (201±10) g on day 20 compared to diabetic control rats with (149±16) g. The blood glucose concentration for rats treated with the supercoagulant after fasting was (15±1) mmol/L compared to the diabetic control rats ((26±2) mmol/L). Blood tests on the treated rats showed aspartate aminotransferase, alanine transaminase, γ-glutamyl transferase and alkaline phosphatase (liver function tests) amounts of (214±78), (91±13), 3 and (510±38) U/L, respectively, while the total protein and renal function tests showed the concentrations of albumin, globulin, urea and creatinine of (37±2) g/L, (30±2) g/L, (11±1) mmol/L and (42±3) μmol/L, respectively. These concentrations were found to be similar to those of the normal rats on day 20. Furthermore, a histopathological study performed on the liver and kidney of the rats found no apparent damage.
Novelty and scientific contribution. This supercoagulant derived from a mixture of fruits is able to coagulate milk rapidly, and its curd is fortified with safe antidiabetic agents. The supercoagulant is potentially useful in producing functional dairy food to prevent diabetes or as a supplement for diabetics to control their blood sugar. Such products are capable of replacing dairy products derived from animal enzymes and provide consumers with additional functional dairy products.
Hablar de mí es hablar de todas: memorias y emociones entre activistas afroargentinas
Authors: Monkevicius Paola
Published: May 2022

En el presente artículo se analizan los discursos públicos de mujeres afroargentinas que ocupan posiciones de liderazgo dentro del colectivo afro, observando la imbricación entre los procesos de recordación, las emociones y el accionar político. Se emplea un enfoque cualitativo basado en la práctica etnográfica presencial y virtual. Se advierten las diferencias entre las memorias subalternizadas afrodescendientes sostenidas por líderes varones y las producidas por mujeres activistas, quienes incorporan la dimensión afectiva y biográfica en la producción de narrativas públicas en espacios de interlocución entre la comunidad afro y el Estado. Los datos fueron obtenidos del trabajo de campo realizado desde 2011 en el área de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires y sus alrededores, tanto en espacios asociativos como estatales que eran utilizados principalmente con fines conmemorativos. Para ello se recurrió a la técnica de la observación con distintos grados de participación, lo que posibilitó el registro de las prácticas y los discursos. Se concluye que las emociones ligadas fundamentalmente a dolores colectivos actúan moldeando la producción de memorias y dando sostén a los procesos de lucha afrofemenina, mientras se comunican y comparten generando lazos de pertenencia y entramados para la acción política, tanto hacia el interior del colectivo como en relación con las demandas de derechos frente al Estado nacional.
EFFECT OF RISK AND MARKET COMPETITION ON EFFICIENCY OF COMMERCIAL BANKS: DOES OWNERSHIP MATTER
Authors: Gupta Anupam Das , Yesmin Afsana
Published: May 2022

Purpose– This study aims to investigates the impact of risk and market competition on the efficiency of Bangladeshi commercial banks, having an special effect of ownership.
Methodology– We select 43 commercial banks out of 61, adjusting outliers and missing data from 2000-2019. The two-step Generalize Methods of Momemts (GMM) opt for to investigate unbalanced dynamic panel data of 666 obsevations. Unit root, multicolinerity, and other prediagnostic tests support our selected method of investigation.
Findings– The two-step Generalize Methods of Moments (GMM) reveals that the impact of risk, stability, and market competition has a homogeneous effect on cost and human capital efficiency in Aggregate industry, Conventional, and Private banks’ data. With the increase of risk (stability), the efficiency of banks increases (decreases); having an exception, the human capital efficiency of private banks decreases with risk-taking. However, market competition depicts the inverse association with the efficiency of Commercial banks, Conventional banks, and Private banks.
Conclusion– The nonlinear and quadratic effect of risk and market competition on different ownership of banks is also found valid in the Bangladeshi banking industry. Finally, the reaction of Islamic and Public banks asserts the opposite response to Conventional and Private banks, respectively.

Keywords: Efficiency, ownership, market competition, GMM estimators.
JEL Codes: D61, G21, C20
A prospective interventional study to compare T-tube placement and primary closure of common bile duct in patients undergoing choledocholithotomy
Authors: Imam M. Nazar , Prasad Vijay Shankar , Sharfuddin Sana , Chettri Babita
Published: May 2022

Background: Primary closure of common bile duct following choledocholithotomy is now being considered as other possibility to the traditional method. This study is designed to analyse the outcome of primary common bile duct repair in terms of mean operation time, duration of hospital stays and post-operative morbidity. The objective of the study was to assess feasibility of safe primary closure in order to achieve early discharge and define case selection for this purpose.Methods: Study was conducted in Sikkim Manipal institute of medical sciences, gangtok on patients operated between January 2017 and April 2018. Primary closure was performed in 16 patients and choledochotomy with T-tube drainage was performed in 16. The primary endpoints were morbidity, the bile drainage quantity, operative time, post-operative stay, time until return to work and postoperative complications and hospital expenses were recorded for each group.Results: Mean total duration of the surgery was 132.44 minutes in primary closure group while it was 146.31 minutes in T-tube group and this difference of around 14 minutes between two groups was statistically significant. Patients were discharged on the 9th day at average in the primary closure group, while in the T-tube they were discharged on the 13th day on average. This difference was statically significant.Conclusions: Primary choledochorraphy is a safe option in selected patients undergoing choledocholithotomy, provided common bile duct patency and clearance can be confirmed intra-operatively.
Brachial Plexopathy Due to Upper-Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis: A Case Report
Authors: Ju Yeon Woo , Kim Sodam , Choi Byung Chan , Choi Eun Seok , Lee Sang Jee , Lee Sook Jeong , Lee Jung Soo
Published: May 2022

Upper-extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT) accounts for 1% to 4% of DVT cases. Brachial plexus injury can result from venous distention due to thrombosis in the upper extremity, leading to neurologic deficits. We report a patient diagnosed with brachial plexopathy caused by venous thrombosis in the upper extremity. A 66-year-old female patient with a medical history of Parkinson disease and dementia presented to the emergency department with drowsy mental status. She was diagnosed with pre-renal acute kidney injury with multi-organ dysfunction. On the second hospital day, right upper extremity edema and muscle weakness were observed. On the sixth hospital day, the patient’s overall medical condition improved after conservative treatment, but severe edema was noticed, and muscle weakness did not show significant improvement in the right upper extremity. Computed tomography showed multifocal pulmonary thromboembolism and DVT in the pulmonary arteries, superior vena cava, and popliteal veins. After anticoagulant administration, the swelling subsided, but the weakness in the entire right upper extremity did not improve. Electromyography demonstrated right brachial pan-plexopathy involving the upper, middle, and lower trunks. A follow-up examination showed no significant improvement of muscle strength and function in the right upper extremity at 3 months after the first hospital day.
Polydendrocytes – undifferentiated cells of the nervous system
Authors: Vikhareva L. V. , Novikov E. I. , Novikova E. S. , Margaryan A. V.
Published: May 2022

Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) were first described more than two decades ago. New marker techniques have revealed that they are independent cells with the high nerve tissue repair potential, and they have been classified as the fourth glial cell type in addition to astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and microglial cells. Another term used for this type of cells is polydendrocytes, this is due to both their morphology and developing knowledge of their diverse functions. OPCs play an important role in the development and myelinogenesis in adults giving rise to oligodendrocytes that cover axons providing signal isolation by the myelin sheath, thus accelerating action potential propagation and ensuring high transmission fidelity without the need for an increased axon diameter. Loss or absence of oligodendrocyte precursors and the resulting absence of differentiated oligodendrocytes are associated with lost myelination and subsequent impairment of neurological functions. Demyelination is a feature of various diseases such as multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, infantile cerebral palsy and childhood cognitive impairment. Moreover, OPCs express receptors for various neurotransmitters and are exposed to membrane depolarisation to receive synaptic signals from neurons. Numerous research studies have been investigated polydendrocyte functionality and potential for use as target cells in the treatment and prevention of neural tissue diseases. There are no studies related to morphology, functionality and potential of oligodendrocyte precursors in our country. In this review we highlight issues of the polydendrocyte discovery, their localization and migration potential, possibilities of remyelination through OPCs in hypoxic injury in the embryonic and postnatal period.