bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Responsibility to Future Generations: A Moral Reframing Strategy for Combatting Climate Change
Authors: Syropoulos Stylianos , Kraft-Todd Gordon , Mah Andrea , Markowitz Ezra , Young Liane
Published: August 2023

Because of intergenerational discounting, individuals often fail to take meaningful action to address climate change. Such inaction is also increased by the widespread politicization of the issue, leading to polarization of discourse. Utilizing moral reframing theory, we hypothesized that one possible way to increase support for addressing climate change is to emphasize one’s responsibility to future generations. We argue that responsibility to future generations is effective because it is a widely endorsed belief/attitude, it is an attitude that is mostly uncorrelated with demographic indicators, and it is less correlated with political ideology than other types of responsibility (i.e., personal responsibility to reduce climate change). Across six main and seven supplementary studies (k=35 countries, N=161,633), we provide evidence for these claims. Responsibility to future generations meaningfully predicted a host of different measures of self-reports of proenvironmentalism correlationally and in a pre-registered experiment with significant direct and indirect effects on proenvironmental outcomes.
The effects of anxiety on taste perception: The role of awareness
Authors: Zushi Naoya , Perusquía-Hernández Monica , Ayabe-Kanamura Saho
Published: August 2023

Prior research has suggested that perceived taste can vary depending on emotional state. However, the mechanism underlying this phenomenon remains unclear. Herein, two experiments were conducted to investigate whether emotional states influenced taste perception through mere evocation or cognitively through the awareness of evoked emotions. In Experiment 1, we investigated how the influence of anxiety on taste perception changed when awareness was focused on anxiety. Specifically, after watching videos that induced relaxation or anxiety, the participants were divided into two groups: one that focused their attention on their emotions and one comprising participants that did not. The sweetness, saltiness, sourness, bitterness, and pleasantness of coffee were then compared between the groups. In Experiment 2, we examined the influence of awareness directed toward emotions without emotional manipulation on taste evaluations. Here, by evaluating taste for visual stimuli, we focused on the influence of taste receptors on cognitive processing related to taste perception. The subsequent results suggest that sweetness perception is suppressed by the evocation of anxiety without awareness, whereas bitterness perception is enhanced only by anxiety with awareness. These findings indicate that the mechanisms by which emotional states affect taste perception may differ depending on taste quality. These results are discussed from the perspective of the biological significance of each taste.
Predictors of Identity Crime Victimization of Adolescent Youth in Foster Care
Authors: Gyourko John R. , Ridgeway Greg
Published: August 2023

Identity crimes pose serious risks and challenges for youth in foster care. As young people move through various out-of-home placements and schools, their personal data are often widely disseminated, difficult to secure, and thus vulnerable to theft and misuse. When they transition from foster care to adulthood, identity crime victims with compromised credit histories may be denied loans, employment, and/or housing during the already-precarious period of emerging adulthood. Even though federal law requires state child welfare agencies to conduct annual credit checks for adolescent youth in foster care, little is known about the factors contributing to risk of identity crime victimization among foster care-involved youth, either before or after their initial entry into care. To address this knowledge gap, we analyze linked child welfare and consumer credit records for a population cohort of 4,670 youth (age 14 to 17) in foster care in a southeastern state who received credit checks from November 2015 through December 2021. Using gradient boosted machine learning, we find that prior identity crime victimization before the youth first entered care is the strongest predictor of victimization while in foster care. Implications of these findings for policy and practice are discussed.
A Decade-long Journey of Publishing Janaki Medical College Journal of Medical Sciences (JMCJMS): Experiences from the field
Authors: Prakash Satyam
Published: August 2023

N/A
An Interesting Case Of A Horseshoe Kidney With Unilateral Single Ureter And Associated Anorectal Malformation
Authors: Karamnabi Siddiqui Mohammed Ayub , Potdar Ojas Vijayanand , Sharma Shashank , Shaw Vivek , Vaidya Kaustubh , Sarwade Prashant , Rathi Darshan
Published: August 2023

Horseshoe kidney (HSK) has an incidence of about 1 in 400 or 0.25% of the general population and is seen more commonly in males as compared to women in a ratio of 2:1. Usually, Horseshoe kidney would have two normal ureters each draining separately into the bladder. We present a rare and interesting case of Horseshoe kidney with unilateral single ureter and associated anorectal malformation.
Physicochemical and microbial assessment of effluent from slaughter slab in Kirtipur Municipality, Kathmandu, Nepal
Authors: Timsina Bishwa Bandhu , Shrestha Suman Man , Upadhyaya Mukul
Published: August 2023

The number of slaughterhouse facilities and retail meat shops has been on the rise, leading to an increase in the amount of wastewater they produce. Wastewater is hazardous to the environment as it causes deoxygenation in water bodies, pollutes the groundwater, and spreads several diseases if released untreated. The study was conducted in slaughter slabs and retail meat shops in Kirtipur Municipality to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics and microbial status of wastewater. Fifteen wastewater samples were collected and analyzed as per APHA-AWWA-WEF for physicochemical and total coliform count. The average values of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD) were 574.5 mg/L and 284.5 mg/L, respectively and exceeded generic standards for tolerance limits for industrial effluent. The average level of total coliform count in the fresh water and wastewater were 733 CFU/100 mL and 7.72 × 104 CFU/100 mL, respectively. There is a significant difference in the total coliform count in freshwater (p value (T > t) = 0.01 < 0.05) and wastewater (p value (T>t) = 0.00 < 0.05). Slaughtering of animals without adhering to hygienic rules leads to a higher load of organic pollutants and other chemical contaminants in wastewater and has detrimental health effects on human, animal, and the environment. The slaughter slabs in Kirtipur Municipality need to be inspected during the process of slaughtering.
Forecasting seasonal TDS using a normalized difference water index in the Ganges River in Bangladesh
Authors: Khuku Marzana Rahman , Sattar Golam Shabbir , Mostafa Md. Golam
Published: August 2023

The Ganges is one of the most remarkable rivers in Bangladesh. The river contributes to the surface water supply, which is significantly high in the northwest region of Bangladesh. The water quality of this river changed based on many environmental events, and rainfall was one of them. The research focused on finding the mathematical relation between the field observations of water quality parameters and the observed data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensors. This study treated the Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) as one of the crucial parameters in the water quality index, which was monitored and forecasted using multiple linear regression from satellite-derived Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) from the Landsat imageries and Electrical Conductivity (EC) from the field observations for the pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon periods. The predicted values returned significant correlation coefficient values compared to the field TDS values of 0.64, 0.71, and 0.52 for the three periods, respectively. The regression equations found from this study may be further utilized to predict the TDS values in the future years.
The Relationship between Students’ Motivation for Studying Business English and Their Knowledge of Business English and Its Terminology
Authors: Wlosowicz Teresa Maria
Published: August 2023

The study investigates the relationship between English Philology students’ motivation for studying Business English and their actual knowledge of business terminology, some underlying economic concepts and basic rules of business correspondence. It is hypothesized that students who have higher motivation also possess more extensive knowledge of Business English, yet motivation alone is not enough but must be accompanied by a real effort put in studying the language. The study consisted of a test focusing on business terminology, the correction of errors in a business letter, and a test of selected economic concepts, followed by a questionnaire. As the results show, both the students’ motivation and knowledge of Business English are varied. In particular, their knowledge varies between years of studies and areas of terminology or skills. In fact, some of the terms proved difficult even for relatively advanced students. Thus, even though motivation does play a role, its role does not seem to be decisive, as Business English is a complex field whose mastery requires extensive study and a lot of sustained effort. However, their awareness of their language needs is quite high, so they are likely to remain motivated and to attain a high level of competence in Business English.
REDESIGN METODE BELAJAR DENGAN E-LEARNING PADA PEMAHAMAN DAN PERSEPSI MAHASISWA PERTAMBANGAN TERHADAP PANCASILA SEBAGAI CITA HUKUM PERTAMBANGAN MINERBA
Authors: Herawati Yunie , Aribowo Agus Sasmito , Harianti Emy Nur
Published: August 2023

Pandemi Covid-19 pada pertengahan Maret 2020 telah memaksa seluruh pemangku kepentingan pendidikan tinggi untuk belajar dengan E-Learning, khususnya UPN Veteran Yogyakarta memaksa dosen dan mahasiswa menggunakan Learning Management System (LMS) Spada Wimaya sebagai platform sistem E-Learning yang dibutuhkan bagi sivitas akademika UPN “Veteran” Yogyakarta berbasis Web untuk mengelola dan melaksanakan pembelajaran secara daring. Metode E-Learning menuntut kemampuan untuk mencari metode baru yang tepat. Atas dasar tersebut penelitian ini dilakukan dengan melakukan redesign metode belajar dari face to face ke online. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh redesign metode belajar dengan E-Learning terhadap tingkat pemahaman dan persepsi mahasiswa terhadap Nilai-nilai Pancasila sebagai ideologi dan grundnorm Tertib Hukum Tertinggi melandasi produk hokum membuat regulasi dalam kegiatan pertambangan minerba ketika mahasiswa lulus sebagai engineer yang ahli dan profesional tetapi tetap ber-etika. Hasil penelitian memberikan data, tingkat pemahaman dan penghayatan mahasiswa terhadap nilai-nilai pancasila sebagai cita hukum kegiatan penambangan mineral dan batubara yang dilakukan secara online/berani dapat dikatakan baik dengan diagram data di atas 70% dari jawaban ideal. Dan persepsi mahasiswa mengenai tingkat kesadaran nilai pancasila para elite politik, pengusaha, dan warga negara, khususnya generasi muda dewasa ini dapat dikategorikan bahwa sebagian besar mahasiswa mengecam individu, kelompok maupun partai yang berperilaku tidak sesuai dengan cita hukum Pancasila.
New Process Joins Nitinol to Stainless Steel
Authors: Gupta Pankaj , Rimmereide Arne , Dickenson Roger
Published: August 2023

A new solid-state joining process for medical guidewire applications increases joint strength, provides superior bending properties, and does not require tertiary metals or ferrules. This process may be a superior method to create joints between dissimilar metals such as stainless steel and Nitinol.
2015-2016 President of ASM International Jon Tirpak
Authors: Tirpak Angie
Published: August 2023

Profile of the 2015-2016 ASM International President.
Mechanical Testing of Automotive Components
Authors: McEnteggart Ian
Published: August 2023

Successful use of composite materials requires a thorough understanding of their mechanical properties. Although a range of mechanical tests is required to obtain data, the aerospace industry has already developed, validated, and standardized these test methods. This article reviews some of key test methods used with composites.
Pioneers in Metals Research, Part VI
Authors: Simcoe Charles R.
Published: August 2023

The invention of the single crystal jet engine blade under Frank Versnyder and a team of scientists at the Pratt & Whitney Division of United Technologies is considered one of the 50 greatest advances in metallurgical history.
Recent Advances in EBSD Deformation Analysis
Authors: Foltz John , Hugo Rick
Published: August 2023

High-speed, high-fidelity techniques used to analyze texture and dislocation content enable greater understanding of the influence of texture on deformation of titanium alloys than previously possible. This article describes a study in which specimens were examined using graphical slip band analysis to understand the influence of microstructure, alloy content, and loading orientation on the surface deformation response of titanium.
Cold Spray: Advanced Characterization Methods, Part I
Authors: Srinivasan Dheepa
Published: August 2023

This new article series explores the indispensable role of characterization in the development of cold spray coatings and illustrates some of the common processes used during coatings development. This article provides a list of techniques to be covered in subsequent articles.
New Trends in Aerospace: Saving the Bottom Line With Cold Spray Repairs
Authors: Villafuerte Julio , Tran Linh
Published: August 2023

Cold spray is an effective method of depositing a variety of temperature-sensitive materials in specialized applications, such as high-value aerospace component repair. The use of cold spray has seen a significant increase in the repair and restoration of housings for integrated drive generators used in commercial aircraft.
Designing Space Materials to Withstand Cosmic Dust
Authors: Rideal Graham
Published: August 2023

Materials used to construct spacecraft and protective gear—including the International Space Station and space suits for astronauts—must be lightweight yet strong enough to guard against cosmic dust that travels at hypervelocity. The article describes the use of glass microspheres to model cosmic dust as part of a program to enhance space apparel.
Designing Third Generation Advanced High-Strength Steel for Demanding Automotive Applications
Authors: Branagan Daniel J.
Published: August 2023

By effectively mitigating the historical paradox between strength and ductility, a new advanced high strength steel with a mixed microconstituent structure enables automotive sheet steel to meet automobile efficiency requirements.
Optimizing Coating Materials for Heavy Duty Applications
Authors: Breitsameter Michael
Published: August 2023

Using thermal spray to coat the interiors of pipes and tubes used in heavy duty applications enhances mechanical properties and extends component lifetimes. This article describes results from a trials to optimize coating properties produced with new hardware designed to coat pipe interiors with diameters down to less than 5 inches, which has traditionally been a challenge for the production of high quality coatings.
PENGEMBANGAN REST API UNTUK INFORMASI PASAR TRADISIONAL DI KOTA YOGYAKARTA DENGAN METODE INCREMENTAL
Authors: Filiana Agata , Rini Maria Nila Anggia , Prabawati Andhika Galuh , Samat Rindho Ananta
Published: August 2023

Traditional markets in the city of Yogyakarta offer many unique things for both locals and tourists. There has yet to be an effort to centralise information on traditional markets which highlights its characteristics, including its uniqueness. Through this study, we designed a REST API that provides a service to access information on traditional markets in the city of Yogyakarta. The information available includes class, alternative names, location, description, history, facts, facilities, uniqueness, photos, and stalls. This service can be used by governments or other parties through external applications ensuring data accuracy. We used an incremental approach made of three iterations. Each iteration consisted of needs analysis, system design, API development, and testing and evaluation. This approach provided a more focused and targeted development based on the functional needs of each iteration. Each iteration was tested both on Postman and a web application. The result of this REST API is a JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) which can be easily processed by external applications.
Perbandingan Metode Pembobotan TF-RF Dan TF-ABS Pada Kategorisasi Berita Di BDI Denpasar
Authors: Dananjaya I Kadek Wahyu , Indradewi I Gusti Ayu Agung Diatri
Published: August 2023

BDI Denpasar is a government agency tasked with carrying out training and education for human resources of animation, crafts and art. BDI Denpasar in managing news classes in the Kabar Insan Oke service still uses conventional methods. Therefore an automatic news classification module is needed. This study was made to compare the performance level of news classification at BDI Denpasar using K-NN classification with the TF-RF and TF-ABS term weighting methods. Methods that have a high level of performance will be implemented in the news classification module. This research was carried out by collecting news documents, text preprocessing, term weighting, classification, model validation and testing. The K-NN classification uses the n_neighbhor (k), namely k=3, k=5, k=7 and k=9 using a dataset of 324 documents containing 7 classes taken from BDI Denpasar website. Based on the results of the tests performed, TF-RF method obtained a higher performance at k=5 with an accuracy of 71% with a precision of 73% and a recall of 71%. TF-ABS method with the highest performance value is found at k=9 which obtains 70% accuracy, 63% precision and 70% recall. So the method that will be implemented in the news classification module is TF-RF at k=5 with an accuracy of 71% with a precision of 73% and a recall of 71%.
EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF MESH ELEMENTS GLULAM DOME
Authors:   Odesa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Gilodo A.Y. , Arsiriy A.M. ,   Odesa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Somina Yu.A. ,   Odesa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Oliynyk I.S. ,   Odesa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Published: August 2023

To study the stress-strain state of the mesh dome model with the diameter 4 m, the series of glulam rods were prepared for the central compression test. The tests were carried out in the laboratory of the Department of Metal, Wooden and Plastic Structures. The stresses at the distinguished points of the elements were determined through the deformations using the resistance strain sensors. The feature of prismatic samples was the presence of stress concentrators in the support zones in the form of the holes for the location of universal connectors [3]. The significant sizes of the model made it possible to minimize the influence of the scaling factor on the obtained results. The general conclusion of the study should be considered high bearing capacity of the tested samples. The destruction of the samples took place in the support zone due to the crushing of the wood. The next tasks of the research will be the optimization of the elements sizes and testing of the dome model. The cross-section of the elements, in addition to providing the load-bearing capacity, is affected by the need to obtain certain thermotechnical characteristics of the enclosure, i.e. the elements of the dome must have the dimensions that allow placing a layer of effective insulation in their plane. A separate task is the selection of the roof, which can be considered exclusively as a part of the permanent load on the supporting system, or as a continuous shell that unfastens the frame
THE FEATURES OF DETERMINATION OF SEISMIC LOADS ON STEEL SILOS WITH A FLAT BOTTOM ACCORDING TO DBN V.2.6-221:2021
Authors:   National Aviation University, Makhinko A.V. , Makhinko N.O. ,   National Aviation University
Published: August 2023

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of determination of seismic loads on steel silos with a flat bottom according to newly introduced DBN B.2.6-221:2021, harmonized with the global system of European codification Eurocode. The main focus is on the general methods of specifying seismic action and the principles of schematizing seismic action for analysis silos. The parameters of the acceleration spectra of the horizontal and vertical components of seismic load and their influence on formation of silos reaction in these directions are analyzed. The recommendations are given for accurate evaluations the inertia-stiff characteristics of silos with a flat bottom in height based on the analysis of their design features and physical and mechanical characteristics of the particulate material
PECULIARITIES OF THE APPLICATION OF THERMOGRAPHIC DEFECTOSCOPY FOR STEEL BUILDING STRUCTURES TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THEIR REAL STATE UNDER OPERATION CONDITIONS
Authors:   Odesa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Klimenko E.V. , Popadenko A.O. ,   Odesa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Kolesnichenko S.V. ,   Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Published: August 2023

The article presents the results of a study of the features of the use of thermographic flaw detection for steel building structures, taking into account their actual state under operating conditions. Since these structures are subjected to significant loads, they are subject to failure, including cracking, corrosion, rupture, and other damage. Compliance with the safe operation of steel structures is essential to ensure the safety of personnel and the normal production process. Compliance with safety rules should be regular and systematic, including periodic inspections and diagnosing the condition of steel structures. Thermographic flaw detection methods consists in measuring the surface temperature of a structure using infrared cameras and detecting temperature anomalies that may indicate the presence of defects. The objective of the study is to increase the efficiency of using the active thermography method for examining operated steel structures. Identify possible difficulties that will arise in the application of this method, and develop recommendations to overcome the identified problems. The most significant aspect that can affect the quality of thermographic flaw detection is a characteristic of infrared emission of the investigated structure’s part. The low value of this indicator leads to an increase in the amount of false data, which in turn reduces the reliability of the obtained results. Another equally important part of the work of an engineer in thermographic flaw detection is the choice of the method and place of heating the structure, which depends on specific cases and inspection tasks. Eventually, active thermography may be useful and effective method for flaw detection of steel building structures. However, its application must be carried out in the context of all factors that may affect the accuracy and efficiency of the equipment concerned
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF WALL STRESS-STRAIN STATE OF A STEEL SPIRAL-FOLD SILOS
Authors:   National University ", Pichugin S.F. ,   Yuri Kondratyuk Poltava Polytechnic", Shulhin V.V. ,   National University "Yuri Kondratyuk Poltava Polytechnic", Oksenenko K.O. ,   National University "Yuri Kondratyuk Poltava Polytechnic"
Published: August 2023

In the context of martial law, Ukraine's agricultural sector is suffering significant losses. By May 2022. Ukraine has already lost almost 13 million tonnes of elevator capacity, some of the grain warehouses have been completely destroyed, and some are in the occupied territories. In this regard, there is a need for elevator capacities, namely, prefabricated, cost-efficient storage capacities. Such structures are exemplified by silos. There are many design solutions for metal silos. However, the rising cost of materials is causing a need to reduce the material intensity of the structure, which is encouraging cylindrical silo manufacturers to search for new types of shell construction. An innovative design of lightweight, industrial silos is a metal spiral-fold silo. The article describes the design of steel spiral-fold silos. The specifics of the spiral-fold silo design, which affects their stress-strain state, are analysed. The characteristics of the silo that was used as a source of samples for the experiment are given. The samples and equipment for the experimental study of a wall of a metal spiral-fold silo are considered. The stages of the experiment are described. The loading of the samples was performed by a central bending load applied in a static mode in the range from 0 kN to 5.5 kN. To determine the relative strains, the structure was unloaded after each loading stage. The analysis of the sample's relative strains which were measured by AVD-4 is made. The character of interaction and deformation of the wall with the folding lock is revealed. The degree of the folding lock opening was estimated. The character of work of the wall and the folding lock in the limit and non-limit states is obtained. A comparison of experimental results with finite element analysis in the LIRA-SAPR software package was performed. The conclusion about the reliable operation of the wall of a spiral-fold silo under operational and increased loads is substantiated
Geçici kümelerin inovasyon süreçlerinin gelişmesine etkisi: TEKNOFEST örneği
Authors: ALTUĞ Fatih , AKKOYUN Kamile
Published: August 2023

Bilgi transferi, öğrenme süreçleri ve ağsal ilişkilerin gerçekleşmesi bakımından geçici kümeler inovasyon faaliyetleri için önemli görülmektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışmamız katılımcı sayısı itibariyle dünyanın en büyük teknoloji, havacılık ve uzay festivali olan TEKNOFEST’in inovasyon faaliyetlerine etkisini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. 2018 yılınsa 550.000 ziyaretçi ve 4335 takımın katıldığı festivale 2022 yılınsa 1.250.000 ziyaretçi ve 150.000 takım katılmıştır. Çalışmada nicel yöntem kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın evrenini TEKNOFEST'te katılmış olan takımlar ve paydaşları oluşturmaktadır. Veriler SPSS 23 paket programında betimsel ve istatistiksel olarak analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre TEKNOFEST yarışmacıların bireysel ve takım olarak gelişmesine önemli katkılar sunmaktadır. Bu yönü ile inovasyon süreçlerini desteklemekte ve pozitif yönde etkilemektedir. Diğer taraftan festival kapsamında yapılan etkinlikler, alana gelen katılımcıların farkındalığını artırmak suretiyle motivasyon oluşturmaktadır.
Designbasierte Forschung zur Analyse von Führungs- und Unternehmenskultur
Authors: Trübswetter Angelika , Zettl Annabel , Bauer Kristin , Seewald Beate
Published: August 2023

Digitalisierung und technologische Neuerungen fordern die Veränderungsbereitschaft und die Wandlungsfähigkeit von Unternehmen heraus. Versteht man Technologieimplementierung als Veränderungsprozess, dann ist für die Einführung neuer Führungsinstrumente und Modelle der Zusammenarbeit ein Verständnis der gelebten Führungs- und Unternehmenskultur essentiell. In diesem Beitrag wollen wir unsere designbasierte, interdisziplinäre Vorgehensweise zur Analyse von Führungs- und Unternehmenskultur am Beispiel produzierender Unternehmen vorstellen. Sowohl für die Datenerhebung als auch für die Aufbereitung und Rückspiegelung der Ergebnisse an die Beteiligten werden dabei Visualisierungsmethoden sowie Prinzipien des Storytellings genutzt. Beispielhaft verdeutlicht wird das design- und narrativbasierte Erhebungsverfahren, das wir „Erhebungsreise“ nennen, anhand einer qualitativen Datenerhebung. Die forschungspraktische Umsetzung der „Erhebungsreise“, ebenso wie ihr theoretischer Hintergrund werden in diesem Beitrag vorgestellt und Potenziale wie Grenzen der Vorgehensweise reflektiert.
Using a Social Robot to Engage Older Adults Living in Residential Care Homes in Cognitive Training: Preliminary Results from the SHAPES Project
Authors: Cesario Lisa , Gherardini Arianna , Pasin Marco , Bugo Laura , Malavasi Massimiliano , Hoogerwerf Evert-Jan , Fiordelmondo Valentina , Pascual Esperança Lladó , Desideri Lorenzo
Published: August 2023

The employment of socially assistive robotics (SAR) is increasingly being considered a credible solution to support healthcare systems in dealing with an aging society. In this contribution, we explore the experience of older adults (n = 11) living in a residential facility with a cognitive training intervention conducted with the support of a SAR. Within the HORIZON2020 Project SHAPES, a mixed-method study has been conducted to collect preliminary evidence on users’ engagement and acceptance of the proposed SAR-based intervention. The results suggest that the SAR-based cognitive training intervention conducted was accepted by all stakeholders. Data on enjoyment of participants indicate that users did not experience a “novelty effect” of the proposed innovation, but longer sessions are needed to confirm this result.
Exploring AI Literacy Among Older Adults
Authors: Kaur Amrat , Chen Weiqin
Published: August 2023

Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology is increasingly being integrated into our daily lives and many aspects of society. AI is viewed as a new opportunity to promote independent living and well-being for older adults. AI literacy plays an important role in older adults’ acceptance and use of AI-enabled products and services. However, to our knowledge, no research has investigated AI literacy among older adults. The study aims to address this gap by collecting and analysing data on older adults’ knowledge and understanding of AI and their experiences and concerns regarding AI-enabled products and services. In total, 207 older adults, aged 60 years and over, participated in the study, including 182 who answered a survey and 25 who participated in semi-structured interviews. The results show a variety levels of AI literacy among the participants. Many are interested in learning more about AI so they can make informed decisions about AI-enabled products and services. This study has not only produced insights into AI literacy among older adults but also contributed to increasing the awareness of AI among the participants and has provided recommendations on measures to enhance older adults’ AI competencies.
Barriers to and Facilitators of Participation in Health and Social Care Governance: Categories and Cross-Cutting Themes from a Survey of SHAPES Project Partners
Authors: Lombard-Vance Richard , Labor Melanie , Zurkuhlen Alexia , Cooke Michael
Published: August 2023

Good governance—aligned with human rights and rights-based care, participation, inclusion, and person-centredness—of digital care systems is integral to their ability to meet their objectives. To gain insight into existing governance structures and processes and participation experiences across Europe and lay foundations for the SHAPES Project’s network governance (a healthy and active ageing Innovation Action consortium), our objectives included: 1) expand the list of known stakeholders, 2) explore how the range of stakeholders participate in health and social care governance, 3) develop an inventory of barriers and facilitators. Using an empirical, survey method, we consulted SHAPES Project partner organisations, with respondents invited to suggest specific participation barriers and facilitators. 16 organisations responded. Numerous additional stakeholders were identified. Circa 150 unique barriers and facilitators were reported, rationalised into 20 superordinate categories. Six cross-cutting themes were assembled: dimensionality and flux; power; opportunity and environments; interest, motivation, and choice; valuing governance participation, and duality. This work allows consideration of a wide range of stakeholders for the SHAPES collaborative governance model and future research, and for system design with the benefit of a detailed inventory of barriers and facilitators, and thematic contextualisation. Participation is modifiable and we suggest intervention targets and mechanisms.
Evaluation of Commercially Available Fall Detection Systems
Authors: Hrubý Dan , Černý Martin
Published: August 2023

Falls are a serious problem in the hospital setting and home environments. However, this problem does not only affect the elderly, but also people who have had surgery, have disabling problems, have associated diagnoses (such as poor eyesight, confusion, etc.) or are dizzy or have walking aids. The aim of research was to find, compare and implement fall detectors especially for the hospital environment. This paper summarizes possible fall detectors. Various technological solutions were selected for testing, including wearable technologies as well as contactless technologies based on PIR detectors and mmWave technologies. The selected fall detectors were tested in living laboratory of HEALTHLab.vsb.cz and then in Hospital AGEL Třinec – Podlesí. The best result of the testing was the use of two Vayyar Home Care devices in one room, thus achieving a detection accuracy of 92.50 % and a sensitivity of 92.50 %.
Privacy by Design Solution for Robust Fall Detection
Authors: Brandstötter Michael , Lumetzberger Jennifer , Kampel Martin , Planinc Rainer
Published: August 2023

The majority of falls leading to death occur among the elderly population. The use of fall detection technology can help to ensure quick help for fall victims by automatically informing caretakers. Our fall detection method is based on depth data and has a high level of reliability in detecting falls while maintaining a low false alarm rate. The technology has been deployed in over 1,200 installations, indicating user acceptance and technological maturity. We follow a privacy by design approach by using range maps for the analysis instead of RGB images and process all the data in the sensor. The literature review shows that real-world fall detection evaluation is scarce, and if available, is conducted with a limited amount of participants. To our knowledge, our depth image based fall detection method has achieved the largest field evaluation up to date, with more than 100,000 events manually annotated and an evaluation on a dataset with 2.2 million events. We additionally present an 8-months study with more than 120,000 alarms analysed, provoked by 214 sensors located in 16 care facilities in Austria. We learned that on average 2.3 times more falls happen than are documented. Consequently, the system helps to detect falls that are otherwise overseen. The presented solution has the potential to make a significant impact in reducing the risk of accidental falls.
Process Evaluation of the Optimized Provision of AT for Impaired Upper Extremity Function Within the OMARM Study
Authors: Roentgen Uta , Van Der Heide Loek , Hagedoren Edith , Daniëls Ramon
Published: August 2023

A quality standard for the ICF-oriented provision of arm supports and robotic arms was designed. To facilitate this new working method, tools were developed in co-creation with all stakeholders. Professionals received training and were asked to apply the new working method among their clients who participated in the intervention group of the OMARM project. To find out whether the provision had changed following the introduction of the quality standard, and to gain insight into the usage of tools and the perceived added value, a process evaluation was conducted after 3, 6 and 9 months by an online survey. In sum, the new working method was applied to 43 of 137 clients, and tools were used 105 times. Opinions on perceived changes, benefit, and practicability varied widely. Although tools were developed in co-creation with all stakeholders, several professionals’ satisfaction with the developed way of working is lower than expected and its adoption lags.
JournalMate: An Accessible Academic Reading Tool for Third-Level Students with ADHD
Authors: Gallagher Jennifer , McDonnell Marian
Published: August 2023

This paper outlines the research activities undertaken to design and evaluate an accessible academic reading tool to support third-level students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This research project was conducted in three phases, using a User Centred design (UCD) approach. The initial research phases explored cognitive processing difficulties related to reading habits and user needs that are associated with ADHD. A series of interviews with 3 subject matter experts and 8 students with ADHD aimed to identify pain points and problems hindering users from carrying out academic reading efficiently and confidently. Phase two involved ideating solutions based on data collected in the first phase and applying universal design principles while focusing on developing an electronic reading tool. After the ideation activity, the resulting prototyped solution was evaluated by 10 users. The data gathered during this evaluation provides insight into the performance of the application and will aid in any subsequent design iteration. The output of the study is an accessible academic reading tool for third-level students with ADHD, using a user-centred design process. Future practical implications and limitations are discussed. Results will provide additional data to build on current study findings and existing theories.
Digital Assistive Technology: The Online Assistance for a Peaceful Driving in Automated and Connected Vehicles
Authors: Lang Julie , Gepner Daniel , Matiichak Svitlana , Tijus Charles , Jouen François
Published: August 2023

In line with the progressive development of digital technologies, this theoretical article is about the conception of a digital twin - based assistant to increase the serenity of the journey of the occupants of a connected car, automated or not. Its main functions are (i) to manage the Human (driver and/or passenger) - Machine (vehicle) Interaction, (ii) to inform the occupants and support decision-making by avoiding stressful situations. This is done by appropriate prevention and remediation. We advocate that the virtual assistant functions for being empathetic can be done by taking the user’s point of view. Thanks to the knowledge about tasks, practices, needs and constraints, we describe how car-user’s individual features can be used to get her digital twin description. Based on ontologies, this features model, providing assistance is then to simulate online the next steps of the task realization, informing about conditions, prerequisites, post-requites and subtasks to be fulfilled. Expected effects of this cognitive technology dedicated to personalized assistance are a decrease in stress, in frequency of incident and accident situations, according to a monitoring, as complete as possible, of the car-driver’s conditions and situations dedicated to a serene driving.
Unpacking ‘What Works’: A Commentary of the Key Learnings for ICT from the AT2030 Program
Authors: Bell Diane , Layton Natasha , Austin Victoria , Holloway Catherine
Published: August 2023

The AT2030 programme was launched in 2018 to test ‘what works’ in getting assistive technology (AT) to people globally, specifically in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), where there is often a systematic lack of provision. After four years, this paper reviews the project outcomes, focussing on published material. It provides the backdrop to the AT2030 program, contextualises current developments in global AT global and funding, and unpacks the key learnings of what works to get AT to the people that need it around the world, with a focus on ICT. The paper does this by applying Global Disability Innovation Hub’s mission-led and transformative approach, concluding with contemporary actions to improve access to AT to illustrate the value of embracing complexity for AT ecosystem stakeholders, including researchers, practitioners, AT users and policymakers.
Empirical Evaluation of Metaverse Accessibility for People Who Use Alternative Input/Output Methods
Authors: Choi Jeanne , Ka Hyun W.
Published: August 2023

This research has analyzed the accessibility of the current metaverse platforms from the perspective of screen reader and switch scanning interface users, using the mixture of quantitative and qualitative assessments. To this end, the two representative metaverse platforms, ZEPETO and Roblox, were targeted. As a result, it was found that the current metaverse platforms are not carefully designed with accessibility in mind. Many content elements and controls in the metaverse environment suffers from the lack of alternative text description and appropriate markups which are essential to make it perceivable and recognizable by assistive technology. People with severe disabilities are very likely to find it difficult or impossible to independently navigate the current metaverse environment, because they do not provide any viable means of orientation and mobility in the 3D virtual space at all. The UI/UX of the current metaverse platforms also do not provide adequate feedback to help people with limited sensory/motor functions to understand the purpose and function of it. Overall, thereby, the current metaverse environment is not robust enough to reliably work with a wide range of assistive technologies.
Inclusion4EU: Co-Designing a Framework for Inclusive Software Design and Development
Authors: O’Sullivan Dympna , Murphy Emma , Curley Andrea , Gilligan John , Gordon Damian , Becevel Anna , Hensman Svetlana , Rocha Mariana , Rivera Claudia , Collins Michael , Gibson J. Paul , Dodig-Crnkovic Gordana , Kearney Gearoid , Boland Sarah
Published: August 2023

Digital technology is now pervasive, however, not all groups have uniformly benefitted from technological changes and some groups have been left behind or digitally excluded. Comprehensive data from the 2017 Current Population Survey shows that older people and persons with disabilities still lag behind in computer and internet access. Furthermore unique ethical, privacy and safety implications exist for the use of technology for older persons and people with disabilities and careful reflection is required to incorporate these aspects, which are not always part of a traditional software lifecycle. In this paper we present the Inclusion4EU project that aims to co-design a new framework, guidelines and checklists for inclusive software design and development with end-users from excluded categories, academics with expertise in human-computer interaction and industry practitioners from software engineering.
Development of Orientation and Mobility Training System for Visually Impaired Children Using VR
Authors: Seki Ryutaro , Shimomura Yuko , Asakawa Naoki , Wada Hiroki
Published: August 2023

Visually impaired children do Orientation and Mobility(O&M) training to acquire the abilities to walk alone with white cane. The abilities to walk alone are to discriminate sound sources, localize sound sources, recognizer sound motion or echoes, and form a mental map. A mental map is a map formed in the brain, and visually impaired people create a map mainly from sound information. Walking without sight is dangerous, so many assistants are needed during O&M training. However, due to the shortage of O&M specialists, the time which visually impaired children do O&M training is becoming shorter. Therefore, we developed an O&M training system on a map created in a Virtual Reality (VR) space to eliminate the danger and alarm which visually impaired children feel during O&M training, and to enable safe and secure O&M training with fewer assistants.
Personalized Assistive Technologies for Motor-Impaired Students: A Case of Learning Process Mining
Authors: Mishra Shubhra , Jalali Amin , Westin Thomas , Johannesson Paul
Published: August 2023

Motor disability includes the lack of sensation, movement, or coordination, and Assistive Technologies (AT) can help overcome these challenges. Motor-disabled students need different ATs and configurations depending on courses and individual needs, and some solutions can be expensive. Some affordable AT has roots in gaming but can also be used for other purposes. However, there is little research on how they can be combined to define a personalized setting. Therefore, we performed a literature review to identify challenges and solutions to support students with motor disabilities in using information systems. The result defines a framework for identifying personalized settings. The usability of the result was demonstrated by performing a self-experimentation study of the first author, who has a motor disability. The results show its utility while learning process mining using the Graphical User Interface (GUI) and code-based tools. We identified challenges in using different User Interface (UI) elements, which can be used as a guideline for designers of process mining tools as well as other information systems to support diversity.
Обзор: Извлечение металлов платиновой группы из каталитических конвертеров
Authors: Куликов М. , Копишев Э.
Published: August 2023

Металлы платиновой группы (PGM) широко используются в каталитической промышленности благодаря своим выдающимся физико-химическим свойствам (высокотемпературная стабильность, высокая каталитическая активность). Они используются в медицине, электронике, нефтепереработке, производстве аммиака, топливных элементов, автомобилестроении и т.д. Каталитические отходы являются важным вторичным источником металлов, поскольку переработка отходов является более экономичным и экологичным способом получения металлов по сравнению с добычей из руд. Отработанный автомобильный катализатор является богатым источником металлов платиновой группы [PGM: платина (Pt), палладий (Pd) и родий (Rh)], которые содержат более высокие концентрации PGM, чем в природных рудах. В данной статье представлен критический обзор состояния методов извлечения металлов платиновой группы из утилизированных катализаторов, их преимуществ и недостатков. В результате были проанализированы все методы и выделены наиболее перспективные (наиболее экологичные и экономичные).
ТЕРРИТОРИАЛЬНАЯ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ ТУРИЗМА В ПАРАДИГМЕ УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ИВАНОВСКОГО РАЙОНА)
Authors: Гагина Н. , Яротов А. , Галай Е.
Published: August 2023

В статье рассмотрены вопросы оптимизации территориальной организации туризма на основе принципов устойчивого развития, учета внутрирегиональных особенностей размещения объектов природного и историко-культурного наследия, развитости туристической инфраструктуры и экономической активности местных сообществ. Объектом исследования выбрана территория Ивановского района, отличительной особенностью которой является наличие значительного природного и историко-культурного потенциалов для развития экологического, культурного и других содружественных видов туризма. Выполнено туристическое зонирование района с определением специализации и опорных туристических центров каждой зоны.