bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sexual Dimorphism and Anthropometric Comparison of Craniofacial Features of Igbo and Yoruba Undergraduate Students of University of Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Onyekachi Ogbonnaya Iroanya  , Mosidat Temilade Oyeyemi  , Tochukwu Frank Egwuatu
Published: October 2019

Forensic anthropology is the practical application of anthropology to law, especially in questions related to medicolegal identity and forensic medicine. In forensics, methods involving physical anthropology present high rate of accuracy for human identification and gender estimation. This study aimed to ascertain sexual dimorphism using different craniofacial variables among Igbo and Yoruba young adults. Some craniofacial variables were measured in 300 undergraduates from University of Lagos using physical anthropometry. The mean values of all the craniofacial features studied were higher in males compared to females. Igbo students had significantly (p=0.05) higher mean height, weight, morphological facial height (MFH), morphological facial breadth (MFB), intercanthal difference (ID), nose length (LN), left eye width (LEW), exocanthii to exocanthii (EX-EX) and subnasale to gnathion (SN-GN) values compared to Yoruba students. The mean prosopic index of the Igbo male (94.5%), Igbo females (94.6%) and Yoruba females (93.92%) showed Leptoprosopic facial shape while the Yoruba males (97.52%) were hyperleptoprosopic. The mean nasal index of Igbo females (Leptorrhine) was significantly (p=0.05) low compared to Igbo males and the Yoruba males and females i.e. Mesorrhine. Pearson correlation shows that age, height, weight and sex correlated with MFH, MFB, ID, LN, nose width (WN), Chelion to chelion distance (CH-CH), EX-EX, SN-GN at 0.01 and 0.05 levels of significance at distinct points. Sex was significant with height, weight, MFH, MFB, ID, CH-CH, LEW, EX-EX, SN-GN at the 0.01 level (2-tailed). This study shows that height, weight, MFH, MFB, ID, CH-CH, LEW, EX-EX and SN-GN can be used to predict sex.
Research on an Evolutionary Game Model and Simulation of a Cluster Innovation Network Based on Fairness Preference-new manuscript v1
Authors: Chuanyun Li , Cao Xia , Chi Ming
Published: October 2019

The cluster innovation network is an important part of regional economic development. In addition, the fairness preference of internal innovators in the processes of investment and benefit distribution are particularly important for curbing "free riding" and other speculative behaviors and for creating a good cooperation environment. Therefore, taking a cluster innovation network constructed by the weighted evolutionary BBV model as the research subject, this paper constructs an evolutionary game model of a cluster innovation network based on a spatial public goods game and the theory of fairness preferences, which involves the processes of investment and payoff allocation. Using simulation analysis, this paper studies the evolution of innovators’ cooperative behaviors and benefits in cluster innovation network under the conditions of a fairness preference and a return intensity. The results show that an increase in the weight coefficient, gain coefficient and degree of differentiation between the previous income and current investment can effectively promote improvements in the level of enterprise cooperation. Indeed, the greater the weight coefficient, the gain coefficient and the degree of differentiation are, the more substantial the improvement in the level of enterprise cooperation will be. Moreover, an improvement in the differentiation of the breadth and depth of enterprise cooperation has an inhibitory effect on enterprise cooperation. Furthermore, whereas increases in regulation and gain coefficients can effectively promote enterprise cooperation. However, the increase in the weight coefficient has a different effect on enterprise benefit in terms of the breadth and depth of cooperation.Finally, we hope to improve the overall cooperation level and cooperation income of the network by deeply understanding the fair preferences of innovators in the processes of investment and benefit distribution, which is helpful for promoting the evolution and development of cluster innovation networks.
Dynabeads™ Cell Separation v2
Authors: De Las Casas Manuela , Sánchez Laura , Troncone Clemente Claudia , Armero Laura
Published: October 2019

The aim of this protocol is to separate the aptamers that bind to the cells from the ones that don't. The cells used have a histidin tag that attaches to the beads' streptavidin tag. The beads will then pull the cells and the complex will precipitate. Since the aptamers have high specifity and affinity for particular sequences, those able to recognice the cells will bind to them, being part of the complex. The aptamers that don't recognice the cells, won't bind. This protocol enables to separate aptamers based on their affinity using the target cells. The Dynabeads His-Tag Isolation and Pulldown from ThermoFisher is an already proven system to separate and isolate proteins. We have automatised the system with the Opentrons to separate cells and it worked succesfully. But if you don't have an Opentrons machine, it is also possible to perform a manual protocol as described here.
Structuralization and Incubation v3
Authors: Armero H Laura , Troncone Clemente Claudia
Published: October 2019

The interaction between an aptamer and his target depends on the tertiary structure of the aptamer, to attempt to always have the same structure for all the rounds, we forced the aptamer population to achieve the most thermodynamic stable structure. Once all the sequences are structuralized, we can incubate the library with our target.
Plate cell – SELEX v2
Authors: Troncone Clemente Claudia
Published: October 2019

Aptamers are short single-stranded oligonucleotide (DNA or RNA) molecules with the ability to bind to other molecules with high affinity and specificity. Nowadays, aptamers are used as biosensing molecules with broader applications, such as ribozymes (RNA enzyme molecules with catalytic activities); riboswitches (modulating translational activities) and ligands, recognizing specific target binding. Aptamers are folded, directed by their sequences, acquiring specific 3D conformations. This 3D conformation property has been widely applied in order to recognize cell structures. Aptamers evolve from random oligonucleotide pools by a process called Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential enrichment (SELEX). Conceptually, the SELEX process is controlled by the ability of these small oligonucleotides to fold into unique 3D structures that can interact with a specific target with high specificity and affinity [1]. This is a dynamic process, repeating exposures and elutions, allowing to screen in a heterogenic pool in low concentration ranges. A standard SELEX method has four major steps: 1.- Exposure of random sequence single stranded nucleotide oligo library to a target. 2.- Binding of oligos to the target molecule. 3.- Selection of binders and removal of non-binding oligos. 4.- Amplification of the binder fraction and portioning of the amplicon to single strand. These steps are iteratively performed till a pool of high binding aptamer is screened out from the library. The oligonucleotide library consists of a random base-sequence flanked on both ends by primer binding sites, which aids in amplification and enrichment (Safeh et al., 2010; Kim et al., 2013). Here is described how SELEX have been applied to develop aptamers, recognizing specific outer membrane structures, as LamB.
Az riskli term gebede prenatal takibe etki eden faktörler
Authors: FIRATLIGİL Fahri Burçin , FİDAN Ulaş
Published: October 2019

Amaç: Nullipar ve multipar bayanların, term dönemde kaç kez prenatal vizite başvurdukları, ve bu başvuruların hangi eğitim düzeyinde daha sık görülüğü karşılaştırılmaya çalışıldı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya Gülhane Askeri Tıp Akademisi, Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum kliniğinde Aralık 2015 – Mayıs 2016 sezaryen ve/veya spontan vajinal doğum ile doğumunu gerçekleştirilen 341 hasta dahil edildi. Bunların 205’ini nullipar gebeler oluşturuken, 136’sı multipar gebeler idi.Bulgular: Nullipar ve multipar bayanların, term dönem vizit sayıları karşılaştırıldığında, gruplar arasında anlamlı düzeyde fark bulundu. Bu anlam, nullipar bayanlar lehine tespit edildi. Term dönem vizit sayılarını, eğitim düzeyleri açısından karşılaştırdığımızda; bayanlar açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamsız iken, babalar açısından baktığımızda lise eğitim düzeyinde daha sık vizite gelindiği tespit edildi.Sonuç: Toplumsal eğitim düzeylerinin arttırılması, gebelik sürecinin en başından itibaren anne ve baba adaylarının prenatal vizitlerin önemi ve sıklığı bakımından bilinçlendirilmesi ile prenatal bakımın daha efektif hale gelebileceği düşünülmektedir.
Palliative care experiences of the patient family
Authors: TORUN Nazan
Published: October 2019

Purpose: In order to provide patient-centred and high-quality palliative care services, it is crucial to acknowledge the perspectives and experiences of patients and their families; yet, there are not adequate number of studies about this subject. The aim of this study is to identify the perceptions of patient families of palliative care and to determine the challenges they have encountered based on their experience in the palliative care service.  Materials and Methods: Qualitative and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 21 patient relatives of patients in the palliative care service. Content analysis method was used for the analysis of qualitative data. Giorgi’s four-step qualitative analysis method was used in qualitative data analysis process. Results: It has been determined that patient relatives who had had no prior knowledge on palliative care perceived palliative care services as “the place in which patient care is taught”, “a fundamentally crucial assistance service”, “a service which has recently been introduced to public knowledge and which must be proliferated”. Conclusion: Providing care services for end-of-life patients might be burdensome for caregivers. Therefore, the expectations and attitudes of patient families and the difficulties they experience in the palliative care process might provide beneficial insight to inform policy decisions in palliative care interventions.
The effect of postpartum afterpain on breastfeeding self-efficacy
Authors: EVCİLİ Funda , KAYA Didem
Published: October 2019

Purpose: This study was carried out to identify the effect of postpartum afterpain on breastfeeding self-efficacy.Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive study. The sample consisted of 376 postnatal women who met the criteria for participation in the study. The participants were administered the Personal Information Form, The Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire, The Short-Form Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale. Results: The mean total score received from the breastfeeding self-efficacy by the postpartum women was found to be 36.88±8.54 (min:14, max:70). The mean scores of the sensory and affective pain, total pain intensity, and visual analoque scale were found to be 33.53±4.18 (min:0, max:45), 2.60±1.39 (min:0, max:5), 6.23±1.91 (min:0, max:10), respectively. In this study, the breastfeeding self-efficacy was found to be higher in the women who were 35 years and over, found their social support adequate, planned their current pregnancy, received prenatal care, expressed their willingness to breastfeed, had no breastfeeding problem. The self-efficacy of breastfeeding is low for women who experienced postpartum abdominal pain, who described the frequency of pain as ‘continuous, continuous and constant’, and who stated that they needed analgesia. A statistically significant negative correlation was determined between the postpartum women’s breastfeeding self-efficacy scores and their postpartum afterpain scores. The postpartum women with afterpain were found to have low levels of breastfeeding self-efficacy.Conclusion: Postpartum pain negatively affects breastfeeding self-efficacy. Controlling pain contributes to the effective implementation of the breastfeeding process.
Periodontal cerrahi öncesi dental anksiyete düzeyi ve progresif gevşeme egzersizlerinin vital bulgular üzerine etkisi
Authors: KOCAMAN Gülhan
Published: October 2019

Amaç: Periodontal cerrahi öncesi hastaların dental anksiyete düzeylerini değerlendirmek ve ameliyat öncesi yapılan progresif gevşeme egzersizlerinin vital bulgular ve ağız açıklığı üzerine etkisini incelemek amacıyla planlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Kesitsel tipte planlanan çalışmaya periodontal cerrahi tedavi için randevu verilen randomize 35 hasta dahil edildi. Cerrahi uygulama öncesi onamları alınarak demografik bilgiler ve Corah Dental Anksiyete Skalası içeren anket uygulandı.  Tansiyon, nabız ve solunumu içeren vital bulguları ve ağız açıklığı ölçümü yapıldı. Gevşeme egzersizi uygulaması öncesi ortamın sessiz bir ortamda hastaya oturur durumda, kendini en rahat hissettiği pozisyonu alması, gözlerini kapatması istendi. Otuz dk’lık gevşeme egzersizlerini anlatan video kulaklıkla dinlettirildi ve egzersizleri yapması sağlandı. Gevşeme egzersizi sonrası vital bulgular ve ağız açıklığı ölçümleri tekrarlandı.Bulgular: Hastaların 71.4%’ü diş tedavilerinin korku verici olmadığını ifade etmelerine rağmen periodontal cerrahi öncesi dental anksiyete oranı 57.1% olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Gevşeme egzersizi uygulaması sonrası sistolik kan basıncı ve ağız açıklığı anlamlı olarak etkilendiği ancak diyastolik kan basıncı, nabız ve solunum ölçümlerinin ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir değişiklik olmadığı saptandı.  Sonuç: Periodontal cerrahi öncesi uygulanan progresif gevşeme egzersizinin ağız açıklığını arttırmada myorelaksan etkinliği olduğu ve sistolik tansiyonun düşürülmesinde ucuz, ağrısız, yan etkisiz non-farmakolojik anksiyolitik olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Hekimlerin Belirsizliğe Tepki Ölçeğinin Türkçe versiyonu geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması
Authors: ÖZCAN Sevgi , ERASLAN Ayşe Melike , DUYAN Veli , GELBAL Selahattin
Published: October 2019

Amaç: Bu araştırma, "Physicians' Reactions to Uncertainty Scale -Hekimlerin Belirsizliğe Tepki Ölçeğinin (HBTÖ)” Türkçeye uyarlanması amacıyla gerçekleştirildi. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya Çukurova Üniversitesi Hastanesinde uzmanlık eğitimi alan 257 hekim katıldı. Ölçeğin dil geçerliliği çalışmalarının ardından geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik analizleri yapıldı. Yapı geçerliliği için açımlayıcı faktör analizi ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi, güvenirlik için Cronbach alfa iç tutarlılık katsayılarından yararlanıldı. Bulgular: Dil geçerliliği için ölçeğin orijinal ve Türkçeye dönüştürülmüş formlarından alınan puanlar arasındaki korelasyonlar “Belirsizlikten Dolayı Anksiyete (BDA)” için 0,805, “Kötü Sonuçlar Hakkında Endişe (KSHE)” için 0,812, “Belirsizliği Hastalara Açıklama İsteksizliği (BHAİ)” için 0,854, “Hataları Hekimlere Açıklama İsteksizliği (HHAİ)” için 0,890  ve HBTÖ için 0,874 olarak bulundu. Uyum İyiliği Testlerine ilişkin değerler Comparative Fit Index (CFI) için 0,96, Normed Fit Index (NFI) için 0,93, Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index (AGFI) için 0,88 Incremental Fit Index (IFI) için 0,96 ve The Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) için 0,065 olarak belirlendi. Ölçeğe ve alt boyutlarına ilişkin cronbach alpha güvenirlik katsayısı BDA için 0,855, KSHE için 0,910, BHAİ için 0,854, HHAİ için 0,948 ve ölçeğin tamamı için 0,790 olarak saptandı.Sonuç: Elde edilen sonuçlar HBTÖ’nün Türkçe uyarlamasının hekimlerin belirsizliğe tepkilerinin ölçülmesinde geçerli ve güvenilir bir araç olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.
Effect of autograph used in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery on postoperative infection rate
Authors: SEVER Gökhan Bülent
Published: October 2019

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate effect of autograft selection on the infection risk following arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery. Materials and Methods: Between June 2004 and October 2018, 840 consecutive patients who underwent primary arthroscopic ACL reconstruction with either a hamstring tendon autograft or a bone patellar tendon bone (BTB) autograft were reviewed retrospectively. Patients were assigned into two groups based on the type of graft used: First group was bone-patellar tendon-bone (BTB) autograft group (n=354) and second group was hamstring tendon autograft group (n=466). These two groups were compared statistically in terms of demographic characteristic and postoperative infection status. After primary ACL reconstruction, local and systemic clinical findings of infection (knee effusion, systemic fever, nausea, weakness) supported by laboratory findings (C-Reactive Protein (CRP), Erytrocyt Sedimentation Rate (ESR)) were defined as infection.Results: There was a statistically increased risk of infection with hamstring tendon autograft compared to BTB autograft. While the infection rate in the first group (BTB) was 0.3 % (n=1), the infection rate in the second group (Hamstring tendon) was 4.7 % (n=22).Conclusion: In this study, a higher infection rate was found in primary ACL cases treated with hamstring tendon autograft compared to those using BTB autografts. Orthopedic surgeons should be aware of the increased risk of infection when hamstring autograft is used in ACL reconstruction surgery and should prefer BTB autograft over hamstring autograft in appropriate indication.
Gonartrozlu hastalarda fonksiyonel yetersizliğin yaşam kalitesine etkisi
Authors: Yılmaz Emel , KIZIL TOĞAÇ Hülya
Published: October 2019

Amaç: Araştırma gonartroz tanısı alan hastalarda fonksiyonel yetersizliğin yaşam kalitesine etkisini saptamak amacıyla yapıldı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel türdeki bu araştırma Kasım 2016- Eylül 2017 tarihleri arasında yürütüldü. Araştırmaya Türkiye'nin batı bölgesindeki bir üniversite ve bir devlet hastanesinin ortopedi kliniklerine başvuran 173 hasta dahil edildi. Araştırmanın verileri kişisel bilgi formu, Visual Analog Skala (VAS), Western Ontario ve McMaster Üniversitesi Osteoartrit indeksi (WOMAC) ve SF-36 yaşam kalitesi ölçeği kullanılarak toplandı. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan hastaların yaş ortalaması 62.17±9.14 yıl, %82.7'si kadın, %66.5'i obezdir. Katılımcıların %74.0’ının beden kuvveti gerektiren işlerde çalıştığı, %24.9’unun düzenli egzersiz yaptığı ve %89.6’sının günlük yaşam aktivitelerinde zorlandığı saptandı. Ölçeklerden alınan puan ortalamaları sırası ile; VAS: 7.47±1.77, SF-36 fiziksel özet skor 26.23±5.94 ve mental özet skor 42.81±6.84, WOMAC-ağrı: 13.28±3.69, WOMAC-tutukluk: 3.61±1.99, WOMAC-fonksiyonel yetersizlik: 42.65±10.27 ve WOMAC-toplam puan 62.02±14.91 olarak bulundu. WOMAC toplam puanının fiziksel özet skoru (ß=-0.251) ve mental özet skoru (ß=-0.138) negatif düzeyde etkilediği belirlendi.Sonuç: Araştırma sonucunda gonartrozlu hastalarda fonksiyonel yetersizliğin yaşam kalitesini olumsuz yönde etkilediği saptandı. Fonksiyonel yetersizliği azaltmak ve yaşam kalitesini arttırmak için hemşirelerin kilo yönetimi, düzenli egzersiz ve yaşam tarzı değişiklikleri gibi tüm konularda hastalara eğitim yapması önerilmektedir.
Prematüre osteopenisi ile ABO kan grupları arasındaki ilişki
Authors: ÇAKIR Ufuk , TAYMAN Cüneyt , BÜYÜKTİRYAKİ Mehmet
Published: October 2019

Amaç: Çalışmamızda çok düşük doğum ağırlıklı (ÇDDA) prematürelerde kan grupları ile prematüre osteopenisi (PO) arasındaki ilişkiye bakılması amaçlanmıştır.  Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamız retrospektif hasta veri kayıtlarından 1 Ocak 2013 - 31 Aralık 2018 tarihleri arasında 3. düzey yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesinde yapıldı.  Çalışmaya gebelik haftası (GH) <32 hafta ve doğum ağırlığı (DA) <1500 g olan yenidoğanlar dahil edildi. Kan grupları O, A, B, AB olarak 4 ayrı gruba ayrıldı. Prematüre osteopenisi grubuna postanatal 1. ayda alkalen fosfataz düzeyleri > 700 IU / L olan bebekler dahil edildi.Bulgular: Çalışmaya toplam 1567 ÇDDA prematüre bebek dahil edildi. Genel PO oranı %14,6 olarak bulundu. Prematüre osteopenisi oranları O kan grubunda %14,3, A kan grubunda %14,7, B kan grubunda %15,3 ve AB kan grubunda %13,2 olarak bulundu. Dört kan grubu PO açısından karşılaştırıldığında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark tespit edilmedi (p=0,612).Sonuç: Çalışmamızda PO ile kan grubu arasındaki olası ilişkiye bakan ilk çalışma olup, PO için herhangi bir kan grubunun risk teşkil etmediği bulundu.
La conciencia de marca en redes sociales: impacto en la comunicación boca a boca
Authors: Rubalcava de León Cristian-Alejandro , Sánchez-Tovar Yesenia , Sánchez-Limón Mónica-Lorena
Published: October 2019

El objetivo del presente artículo fue identificar los determinantes de la conciencia de marca y el impacto que esta tiene en la comunicación boca a boca. El estudio se realizó usando la técnica de ecuaciones estructurales y los datos fueron recolectados a partir de una encuesta que se aplicó a la muestra validada, conformada por 208 usuarios de redes sociales en México. Los resultados confirmaron un efecto positivo y significativo de la calidad de la información en la conciencia de marca y, a su vez, se demostró el efecto directo de la conciencia de marca en la comunicación boca a boca. Dichos resultados permitirán a las empresas identificar los elementos necesarios para la fidelización y el proceso de captación de nuevos clientes.
Exploración de la gestión de marca en las pequeñas empresas de servicios de México
Authors: Maldonado-Guzmán Gonzalo
Published: October 2019

La gestión de marca es uno de los temas de la literatura del marketing que está ganando cada vez más adeptos, ya que investigadores y académicos están orientando sus trabajos a demostrar que una adecuada gestión de marca permite a las empresas de servicios generar una marca fuerte; este es uno de los principales objetivos de las empresas de servicios. Así, a través de una muestra de 300 pymes de servicios y empleando el modelo de ecuaciones estructurales, el objetivo esencial de este trabajo fue analizar y discutir la gestión de marca en las pymes de servicios. Los resultados obtenidos indican que los valores, normas, símbolos y comportamientos son indicadores pertinentes para la medición de la gestión de marca de los servicios.
Millenials: las gratificaciones generadas por el uso de snapchat y su impacto en la interacción con contenidos de marca
Authors: Santos-Corrada Maria De los M , Flecha José A , Lopez Evelyn , Dones Virgin
Published: October 2019

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar cómo los factores dinámicos impactan el uso de Snapchat en la generación Millennials. Específicamente, se utiliza la teoría de uso y gratificaciones para analizar cómo la exposición e interacción de contenidos influye en un mayor uso de Snapchat como medio de comunicación con las empresas. En el estudio participaron 453 Millennials residentes en Puerto Rico y usuarios de Snapchat. Se emplearon ecuaciones estructurales, a partir de lo cual se destaca cómo las gratificaciones impulsan la motivación de compra, fortalecen el vínculo y la interacción con las empresas. Adicionalmente, los resultados explican cómo se puede obtener mayor efectividad y receptividad por parte de la generación Millennials a través de Snapchat.
Pokémon Go y sus factores de éxito: diseño de un modelo teórico
Authors: Flores-Flores Adán Jacinto , Álvarez-Herrera Maritza
Published: October 2019

Pokémon Go es un juego descargable basado en la localización que causó una histeria colectiva durante su lanzamiento en 2016. Este artículo, mediante una investigación documental, tiene como objetivo diseñar un modelo teórico con base en los factores de éxito de Pokémon Go. Se identificaron cinco factores de éxito: 1. nostalgia, 2. descarga gratuita, 3. actualizaciones continuas, 4. dinámica de juego, y 5. sana implementación de micropagos. El modelo teórico diseñado puede influir en el desarrollo de posteriores modelos estratégicos que auxilien a los tomadores de decisiones en la dirección estratégica organizacional. Además, el presente aporte teórico puede ser capitalizado por la comunidad académica para analizar a profundidad el mercado de las aplicaciones electrónicas en subsecuentes investigaciones empíricas.
Do image and familiarity have a significant effect on purchase intention?
Authors: Pipoli de Azambuja Gina-María , García-Arrizabalaga Iñaki , Rodríguez-Peña Gustavo
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this paper is to study the relationship between the (i) country image of Peru, (ii) cotton’s product image, (iii) familiarity with Peru, and (iv) cotton’s product familiarity with the purchase intention of Peruvian cotton. Survey techniques were used to collect the primary data, applying a closed question questionnaire in two samples that represent the consumers of two countries with different levels of familiarity with Peru: France and the United States. This study has found that there is a positive association between the studied variables, in at least one sample. One of the main managerial implications is that Peruvian cotton exporters could innovate their global marketing strategies using Peru’s country image to improve the positioning of Peruvian cotton in international markets.
Amor hacia la marca: una perspectiva de relación continua
Authors: Larregui-Candelaria Guisell , Sosa-Varela Juan C , Ortíz-Soto Maribel
Published: October 2019

Este estudio analiza el amor hacia la marca y su relación con otros constructos. El objetivo del artículo es analizar el amor hacia la marca como antecedente del compromiso del consumidor. Adicionalmente, se mide el impacto del compromiso sobre la satisfacción y si la lealtad influye en la comunicación boca oído. Para lograr esto se realizó un estudio empírico transversal con una muestra de 200 consumidores entre 21 a 60 años. La recopilación de datos fue mediante un cuestionario de escala Likert. Para probar las hipótesis se utilizó la Regresión de Mínimos Cuadrados Parciales. Los resultados aportan evidencia para indicar que un consumidor que manifiesta un sentimiento de amor hacia la marca tiende a desarrollar un mayor compromiso hacia esta.
Synthesis and Characterization of a NLO crystal - bis (thiourea) zinc
sulphate doped with L-malic acid
Authors: Sivasankaria B. , Selvarajan P.
Published: October 2019

The nonlinear optical (NLO) material L-malic acid bis(thiourea) zinc sulphate (LMBTZS) was grown by slow evaporation method. The effect of L-malic acid doping on the morphology of the LMBTZS single crystal has been studied. The unit cell parameters were determined by single crystal XRD. The functional groups and force constant of LMBTZS was identified by FTIR analysis. The photoluminescence spectrum of LMBTZS shows the strong emission in ultraviolet region. The thermal behaviours were identified by TG/DTA analyses. Dielectric studies of the grown crystal was carried out. The SHG efficiency was confirmed by powder technique of Kurtz and Perry. LMBTZS is found to be an excellent NLO and piezo-electric material.
Packet Drop Analysis with Variation in Area and Number of Nodes in MANET
Authors: Gupta Praveen , Bansal Pratosh
Published: October 2019

Mobile Ad hoc NETwork (MANET) are very helpful in situations where wired or wireless network, with some infrastructure, are not feasible. In such areas there are various possible challenges: open channel, surrounding environment, resource scarcity. All these factors somehow prevent a MANET from working efficiently. Node/s in the network may drop all kind of packets and disturb the network activities to achieve its goal. Packet dropping is a serious issue. It can lead to data loss as well as disruption in routing and acknowledgement process. This paper analyzes variation in packet dropping nodes, by varying number of nodes, keeping the working area constant and by varying working area, keeping the number of nodes constant. Results obtained after analysis will be useful to find out optimum number of nodes in an area. Outcome of the current work will lead in efficient working of network.
Vibrational Analysis of “Dimethylbipyridinylzinc (0) [C12H14N2Zn]”: A DFT Approach
Authors: Hasan Tanveer , Singh P. K. , Mehdi S. H.
Published: October 2019

Theoretical quantum chemical studies and spectroscopic investigations on “Dimethylbipyridinylzinc (0) C12H14N2Zn” have been carried out. The quantum chemical density functional theory (DFT) method at B3LYP/3-21G level is used to obtain the equilibrium geometries. We have also performed vibrational analysis of the title compound at their equilibrium geometries and established the complete assignments of the significant vibrational modes. The NLO behaviour of the title compound is described by electric parameters like dipole moment, polarizability and first hyperpolarizability. Besides it the thermodynamical and electronic parameters are also calculated to get a better insight of the molecule under study.
Evaluation of the Physico-Chemical and Bacteriological Parameters of Gomti River in Sultanpur, Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Mishra Shri Prakash
Published: October 2019

Gomti, the only river system of Sultanpur was studied for 16 prime physicochemical and 2 bacteriological parameters at six locations (viz., Kurwar, Golaghat, Dhobighat, Shmashan Ghat, Papar Ghat and Dhopap Ghat) of the district, for a period of one year for various seasons. The samples were collected in the month of January, May and August-2018 to study the seasonal variation in different parameters. For the Physico-chemical study, the analysed parameters are Temperature, Colour, Odour, Turbidity, Total Hardness, pH, Electrical Conductance (EC), Total Dissolved Solids, Alkalinity, Free Ammonia, Sulphates, Chlorides, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Free CO2. Total Coliforms MPN/100 ml and Faecal Coliforms MPN/100 ml is evaluated for Bacteriological eastimation. The water samples were analysed by emulating the Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Waste Water, 21st Edition (APHA-2005). The river water quality is getting deteriorated day by day with an increase in the population and their over water consumption. Drinking, washing clothes and utensils, discharging of sewage waste, sand dredging, boating, fishing, open defecation and religious ritual activities along the stretch are generating serious threats to the flora and fauna of the river by changing physico-chemical and bacteriological quality of the river. The seasonal trends were discussed to comprehened anthropogenic interferences on the river stretch. Correlation analysis was also studied in between various physico-chemical and bacteriological parameters. By comparing with the tolerance limits of Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS: 10500-2012), it is concluded that the Gomti river in Sultanpur is very polluted. Considerable variation of many patameters from their standard values indicates that water of this river is not suitable for domestic uses. Continuous monitoring and treatment is required to keep the river living and suitable for aquatic biota as well as people depending on it.
Contribution of Street Trees to Carbon Sequestration: A Case Study from Varanasi, India
Authors: Singh Hema , Singh Ashutosh Kumar , Singh J. S.
Published: October 2019

Street trees are a valuable resource for a city, because they lower ambient temperatures, mitigate urban heat island effects, reduce runoff of rainwater and the abundance of aerial particulate matter, add visual appeal to the urban landscape and store and sequester significant amount of carbon from the ambient CO2. In this paper, we have quantified carbon storage and sequestration by street trees in the campus of Banaras Hindu University located within a highly crowded city of India. Street trees in the BHU campus account for 9.8×107 kg stem biomass, and stored 4.6×107 kg carbon in the stems. By interpolating the electricity resource unit values campus street trees stored 7.3×107 KWH energy. These trees, of course, have to be properly managed for maintaining their vigour and function.
Prediction of HAVC Cool-Down Performance inside a Minibus Passenger Cabin Using CFD and Its Experimental Validation.
Authors: Mhetre Nikhil , Sathyanarayan Suraj , Diwan Manoj , Kumar Siddharth , Hulwan Dattatray
Published: October 2019

Now with more time spent by people while travelling and increasing mobility, providing passengers with a thermally comfortable experience are one of the important targets of any bus manufacturer. Conversely, comprehensive assessment through Climatic Wind Tunnel testing is costly and not possible during early stages of vehicle design. The aim of this work has been to develop a simplified simulation methodology to model the Minibus passenger cabin for cool down test. This study presents a methodology for predicting Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) cool-down performance inside Minibus cabin using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation to revise the HVAC duct design and parametric optimization in order to ensure thermal comfort of occupant. Heat Load is calculated analytically and has been considered in the CFD model and occupant heat load is considered as per ASHRAE standard. CFD simulation predicted the temperature and velocity distribution inside passenger cabin. Simulated cool-down results were found to be in good agreement with the experimental results. CFD cool-down prediction is useful in order to reduce time and costs related to climatic wind tunnel and road tests. Validated CFD model is used to study the effect of air flow on cool-down performance.
Harmonics generated by Electric Arc Furnace in Electric Power System - A Review
Authors: Srivastava Ashutosh , Singh Amarjeet
Published: October 2019

An electrical power system is designed to operate at the frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz. But there are certain loads which generate voltage and current that are the integer multiple of 50 or 60 Hz. Those higher frequencies form electrical network pollution called as power system harmonics. An Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) is one of such load when operated on AC affects the power quality of the power system. The power quality is degraded mainly due to the poor power factor, current and voltage harmonics and voltage fluctuation. The problems due the harmonics is getting worsen day by day due to the introduction of power electronics equipments and voltage fluctuation arise by the use of large industrial load such as EAFs and LMF (Ladle Melt Furnace) in steel meting shop. Also connecting rolling mill and forging shop generate harmonics in the adjacent electrical power system. In this paper, an extensive review of harmonics generated in EAF is presented .
Low Power Differential and Ring Voltage Controlled Oscillator Architectures for High Frequency (L-Band) Phase Lock Loop Applications in 0.35 Complementary Metal Oxide Semi Conductor Process
Authors: Balodi Deepak , Misra Rahul
Published: October 2019

The design of a high frequency (L Band), low power (2.75mW) Phase Lock Loops with a 350nm Complementary Metal Oxide Semi Conductor (CMOS) technology has been represented. The comparison of Current Starved Voltage Controlled Oscillator (CSVCO) and Differential pair VCO is performed and analyzed for low power and high frequency analysis respectively. Each component of Phase Lock Loop (PLL) is designed with 350nm CMOS technology in Design Architect Integrated Circuit Station by Mentor Graphics (Eldo-Net) as simulator. In this paper both the standard configurations have been simulated under the same environment and results are analyzed for two most important Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI)constraints, Speed (High frequency range) and Power consumption. The high speed and locking performance of the Differential pair VCO has been evaluated against the lower power consumption benefit of CSVCO.
Cancer Statistics in I.R. Iran in 2018
Authors: Zendehdel Kazem
Published: October 2019

The article's abstract is no available.
BT-474 Breast Cancer Cell Apoptosis Induced by Crocin, a Saffron Carotenoid
Authors: Faridi Nassim , Heidarzadeh Hamid , Mohagheghi Mohammad-Ali , Bathaie S. Zahra
Published: October 2019

Background: Saffron carotenoids have been known as powerful phytochemicals in breast cancer treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-cancer properties of an important saffron carotenoid, crocin, on BT-474 which is a known HER2+ breast cancer cell line. Methods: The effect of crocin on cell viability was investigated using MTT assay. Apoptosis induction was studied via flow cytometry and Western blotting of caspase-9 and cleaved caspase-9. Involvement of unfolded protein response (UPR) was also investigated via RT-PCR study of the XBP1 gene. Results: The results showed that crocin treatment decreases the viability of BT-474 cells and induces early and late apoptosis in these cells. The mechanism of crocin action was through the induction of caspase-9 expression and cleavage. Furthermore, we found that crocin induced XBP1 gene splicing in these cells. Conclusion: The present study provides important evidence that crocin induces apoptosis in BT-474 cells. In addition, the activation of UPR may play a role in the anticancer effects of crocin.
A Proposed Model to Establish the PGD Technique for Carriers of BRCA1/2 Gene Mutations in a Diagnostic Laboratory
Authors: Ebrahimi Elmira , Shirkoohi Reza , Abiri Maryam , Sabeghi5 Solmaz , Fatemi Kiyana sadat , Dabbagh Bagheri Samira , Zeinali Sirous , Amanpour Saeid
Published: October 2019

Background: Pre-implantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) has recently been introduced as a reproductive choice for individuals who carry a disease-causing BRCA1/2 mutation. Since this technology has not yet been launched for patients at the Cancer Institute of Imam Khomeini Hospital harboring gene mutations that predispose patients to breast cancer, this study aimed to introduce a PGD-based model using a single cell lymphocyte instead of an embryonic blastomere. Methods: Two affected and unrelated women with a known mutation in BRCA1/2 were enrolled in this study. Each patient (together with her siblings) was considered as an embryo derived from a hypothetical couple. Blood samples were collected from these individuals as well as their parents. Linkage analysis was performed. Following this process, a mutation-free individual and a mutation carrier was selected from the first and second family, respectively. A single lymphocyte was then extracted from their freshly taken peripheral blood, and afterwards Nested Multiplex PCR was performed. Results: PGD confirmed that the individual from the first family is free of a mutation and the second one is a pathogenic mutation carrier. Conclusion: Our results suggested that PGD is a viable choice to offer to families with "Hereditary Breast Cancer Syndrome", who have been diagnosed with a known pathogenic mutation. Our introduced model can be used as a possible option by other laboratories that are planning to launch this technology.
Reduced Expression Levels of the MST1 gene in the Peripheral Blood of Patients with Prostate Cancer
Authors: Karimian Fariba , Sahmani Mehdi , Maali Amirhosein , Naserpour Farivar Taghi , Karimi Ali Akbar , Azad Mehdi
Published: October 2019

Background: Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most common malignancy among men, accounting for 12.5% of all cancers. The development of molecular studies (such as RNA expression analysis) aids the characterization of this cancer, the development of new targets for therapy, and the introduction of novel prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers. Recent studies have confirmed Mammalian Sterile 20-Like kinase (MST1) as a tumor suppressor gene, which has been introduced as a biomarker for some specific cancers. In this study, we focus on MST1 expression levels in the WBC of PC patients, due to the inheritance pattern of PC. Methods: This case-control study was conducted in two groups (20 patients with PC and 20 healthy individuals). After RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis, quantitative Real-Time PCR was done in order to determine the MST1 expression level. GAPDH was selected as an internal control gene. Statistical analysis was performed using “Rotor-Gene Q series software 2.3.1” and “Rest 2.0.13 software”. Results: This study, carried out on 20 PC patients aged 50-70 and 20 healthy individuals shows that MST1 expression level in the WBC samples of PC patients is approximately 62% lower compared to normal individuals (P<0.01). Conclusion: Introducing the reduced expression level of MST1 as a prostate cancer biomarker requires complementary research. However, in this study, biomarker validation and potential of MST1 has been approved.
Comparison of Reverse Transcriptase Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification and Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction for Detection of Prostate Specific Antigen
Authors: Almasi Mohammad Amin , Esmaili Marya
Published: October 2019

Background: Research shows that prostate cancer ranks second among the top five most common cancers in men. It has been confirmed that when circulating Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) transcripts are successfully detected, prostate cancer cells can be diagnosed at an early stage. A reverse transcriptase loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay was developed and compared to reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay for detection of PSA. Methods: 47 patients, including 30 patients with prostate cancer, 15 with Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (BPH) and 2 healthy subjects as negative controls were included in this study. The prostate cancer cell lines (PC3 and LNCaP) of two patients were included in the study as positive controls. Next, RNA was extracted from fresh samples and a first strand cDNA synthesis kit was applied for the synthesis of cDNA. The human prostate specific antigen gene was used to design specific primers. Results: The results indicated that the control subjects and participants suffering from BPH were not positive. 13 out of 15 (86.6%) patients suffering from localized cancer were PSA positive. PSA positive results were observed among all 15 metastatic patients and positive controls (100%). RT-LAMP is an advantageous method because it is highly sensitive (1000-fold), quite cheap, user-friendly, and safe; in addition, it can be quickly performed by visual detection using GineFinderTM dye in a water bath. Conclusion: RT-LAMP technique can be simply and reliably applied with the aid of basic instruments, and its results can be visually inspected in laboratory studies.
The Direct Medical Care Costs Associated with Gastric Cancer in a Third-level Hospital in Iran
Authors: Mohammadpur Saeed , Yousefi Mehdi , Ebrahimipur Hosein , Harati-Khalilabad Touraj , Haghighi Hajar , Kiani Mohammad Mehdi , Shahidsales Soodabeh , Taghipour Ali
Published: October 2019

Background: Approximately 20 million individuals are afflicted with cancer worldwide. Gastric cancer is the fourth leading cause of death in the world today. The aim of this study was to evaluate the direct medical care costs of gastric cancer patients in a tertiary teaching hospital in Iran. Methods: The present study is descriptive-analytical, carried out in two main stages. In the first stage we designed a form based on valid international guidelines. The second step identified the costs of diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer. To analyze the cost data, descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation were utilized. We used nonparametric statistical tests such as Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon in SPSS 16 software for data analysis. Results: In this study, the records of 449 gastric cancer patients who had referred to Omid tertiary teaching hospital of Mashhad between the years 2005 and 2015 were studied. According to the results, the highest average costs were related to patient hospitalization costs. Based on the significance level of the Mann Whitney test, no remarkable difference could be seen in the total costs of metastatic and non-metastatic patients (P-value: P> 0.05). Conclusion: Organizations such as: insurance agencies, charities and financial institutions need to adopt new policies to reduce patients’ expenditures, remove financial barriers and prevent patients from facing catastrophic costs.
Comparison of Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Assessment and Management of Cutaneous Melanoma (Literature Review)
Authors: Gandomkar Hossein , Seyyedsalehi Monireh Sadat , Zendehdel Kazem , Salari Abolfazl , Shirkhoda Mohammad
Published: October 2019

Evidence shows that there has been an increasing incidence of melanoma cancer in Iran, especially among the young population, which has led to increased mortality, disability and disablement, mostly due to the complications of disease and treatment. New treatments such as targeted therapy are extremely costly, and their results are not clear. The objective of this study is to review different current guidelines for the management of cutaneous melanoma cancer and discuss the differences in the various phases of patient assessment (prevention, risk factors, genetic assessment, clinical diagnosis, biopsy, staging, treatment and follow-up, pediatric melanoma, melanoma during pregnancy, and the necessity of social and mental support for melanoma patients). Then, based on the results, we will prepare a national guideline for the management of cutaneous melanoma in accordance with the prevailing conditions in Iran.
Metabolomics in Cancer
Authors: Beigom Mobasheri Maryam
Published: October 2019

The article's abstract is no available.
Pectoralis Major Myocutaneous Flap Reconstruction with Deltopectoral Flap Incision in the Surgical Treatment of Oral Cancer
Authors: Davudov Mohammad M , Harirchi Iraj , Mirzajani Zoheir
Published: October 2019

Background: One of the main goals of patient management is the reconstruction of tissue defects following surgical resection for oral cancer. A variety of flaps used for this purpose, the most frequent being a Pectoralis Major Myocutaneus Flap (PMMF). This flap is currently widely used for the reconstruction of different defects of the head and neck. Methods: Surgical resection of the primary tumor, as well as neck dissection, performed on 29 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma between 2011–2017 in City Hospital #1 and Surgical Training Clinic of Azerbaijan Medical University. PMMF used for the reconstruction of defects using a deltopectoral flap incision. Results: In 22 patients (75.8 %) primary healing occurred following a PMMF. Four patients (13.8 %) suffered PMMF necrosis and were took back to the operating room for secondary reconstruction with a deltopectoral flap. In three patients (10.3%) the skin of the flap underwent necrosis, resulting in the development of an orocutaneous fistula. Conclusion: Use of PMMF with deltopectoral flap incision enables deltopectoral flap availability. This flap can then used early on or if PMMF fails.
Challenges with the Emergency Departments Use among Cancer Patients; a Mini Review
Authors: Beigom Mobasheri Maryam , Behtar Rahim , Sadighi Sanambar
Published: October 2019

According to the studies the rate of emergency departments use among cancer patients exceed those of general population; however, there are differences based on cancer type, initial treatments, socioeconomic status, disease stages, health insurance status and so on. Patients’ symptoms and the severity of complications are varied as well. The emergency departments are actively involved in different stages of cancer management such as primary diagnosis, ongoing treatments and end-of-life period. Cancer patients usually have more serious complications and need more specialized cares at the end of life period, during chemotherapy and surgical treatments. Understanding the reasons for such visits could be useful in the development of dedicated interventions for preventing unnecessary emergency department visits, which is discussed in this mini-review.