bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gianotti-Crosti syndrome: exanthema following a vaccination
Authors: Widjaya Suni C. , Mariam Lysa
Published: February 2022

Gianotti-Crosti syndrome (GCS) is a benign skin disorder characterized by self-limiting acute exanthema. Commonly preceding with the infection of viruses or bacteria and vaccinations. Usually affects children aged 1-6 years and is associated with atopic disease. The exact of GCS incidence is unknown, although several countries in the world have been reported GCS cases. Vaccine-induced GCS cases are infrequently reported. The diagnosis can be made clinically based on clinical features and vaccination history. Treatment is generally symptomatic. Education about GCS is important to prevent over-treatment and avoidance of vaccination in the future. We reported a 9-month-old baby with symmetrical bilateral monomorphic multiple dome-shaped papules lesions on the extremities two days following vaccination.
Heat and Fluid Flow in an Open Agricultural Greenhouse in Presence of Plants
Authors: Ghernaout Badia , Bouabdallah Said , Atia Aissa , Arıcı Müslüm
Published: February 2022

Flow convection in agriculture greenhouse is one of the most important factors on the growth and fruiting of plants. The present work focused on natural convection in an open greenhouse heated by ridge tubes in presence of plants. Analyses are performed for different boundary conditions imposed at the roof such as constant temperature, convective heat flux, and convective and radiative heat flux. The governing equations comprising continuity, momentum and energy equations are solved by Ansys-Fluent software. In each case, the average velocity and temperature of the air are determined. The obtained results are presented in terms velocity and temperature profiles. Isothermal lines and velocity vectors showed that by increasing the convective heat transfer coefficient, the average temperature and average airflow velocity decrease. The outcomes of this study help build greenhouses with dimensions and materials to suitable for the given external conditions.
Charakterystyka działań militarnych w Bośni w latach 1992–1993
Authors: Krzak Andrzej
Published: February 2022

Autor w swojej pracy przedstawił sytuację w republice w latach 1990–1992, podkreślając znaczenie oddziałów paramilitarnych wszystkich stron konfliktu, a także wsparcie Serbów bośniackich przez armię federalną. Następnie Badacz omówił najważniejsze działania militarne z lat 1992–1993, zwracając uwagę, iż w wojnie bośniackiej szczególną rolę odgrywały małe i nieregularne oddziały.
Początki i pierwsze lata działalności Armii Republiki Bośni i Hercegowiny
Authors: Wybranowski Dariusz
Published: February 2022

Autor w swojej pracy omówił genezę, organizację i strukturę armii bośniackiej w czasie wojny. W swoich rozważaniach odniósł się do problemu udziału formacji mudżahedinów w konflikcie, jak i łamania obowiązującego wówczas embarga na uzbrojenie. Badacz opisał również sytuację powojenną armii bośniackiej, zwracając uwagę m.in. na nieudane próby ujednolicenia struktur wojskowych oraz kwestię odpowiedzialności niektórych dowódców za zbrodnie wojenne.
Periodyzacja: 5 – 10 – 15, czyli etapy nieimplementacji Dayton
Authors: Walkiewicz Wiesław
Published: February 2022

Autor w swojej pracy prowadził rozważania nad sytuacją w państwie bośniackim na przełomie XX i XXI w., wskazując na liczne problemy i trudności w próbach przywracania normalności w życiu politycznym, społecznym i gospodarczym. Sukcesem jest utrzymywanie pokoju, choć daje się zauważyć narastające niezadowolenie społeczeństwa i konieczność przyspieszenia reform. Autor na koniec podkreślił, że państwo bośniackie, przy złożoności struktur i uzależnieniu od społeczności międzynarodowej, potrzebuje ścisłej współpracy z Unią Europejską.
Problemy implementacji cywilnych aspektów Porozumienia z Dayton na przykładzie aktywności Wysokiego Przedstawiciela oraz Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Sokołowska Patrycja
Published: February 2022

Celem Autorki jest próba oceny efektywności działań na rzecz implementacji cywilnych zapisów Porozumienia z Dayton, identyfikacja błędów, jak również analiza przyczyn tego stanu rzeczy. Badaczka postanowiła przeanalizować poszczególne problemy na przykładzie działalności urzędu Wysokiego Przedstawiciela (HR) oraz Unii Europejskiej.
Specyfika systemu partyjnego Bośni i Hercegowiny
Authors: Wojnicki Jacek
Published: February 2022

Autor przestawił kształtowanie się bośniackiej sceny politycznej w XX wieku, poczynając od sytuacji pod rządami Austro-Węgier, poprzez Królestwo Jugosławii i Jugosławię Tity. Badacz, po krótkim zarysie historycznym, skupił się na omówieniu sytuacji Bośni w latach 1990-1991, kiedy to po rozpadzie partii komunistycznej doszło do powstania nowej sceny politycznej, w której kluczową rolę odegrały trzy partie nacjonalistyczne.
Trybunał dla Bośni i Hercegowiny jako możliwość odciążenia Międzynarodowego Trybunału Karnego dla byłej Jugosławii
Authors: Dróżdż Dominika
Published: February 2022

Autorka swoją pracę rozpoczęła od przypomnienia o możliwości tworzenia w różnych częściach świata krajowych trybunałów karnych z udziałem przedstawicieli społeczności międzynarodowej. Taka struktura została powołana również dla Bośni. Ma ona wspomagać trybunał w Hadze, który nie zdąży osądzić wszystkich osób, odpowiedzialnych za zbrodnie w byłej Jugosławii. Proces przekształcania Trybunału dla Bośni i Hercegowiny w sąd krajowy zgodny jest z obecnymi tendencjami na świecie, zmierzającymi do przekazania jurysdykcji sądom krajowym.
PENGARUH TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP DAN MOTIVASI TERHADAP KINERJA GURU SD DI AL-KAUTSAR KOTA TANGERANG [INFLUENCE OF TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP AND MOTIVATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS IN AL-KAUTSAR KOTA TANGERANG]
Authors: Rezekiah Dewi Putri
Published: February 2022

Good leadership is leadership that is able to create a smooth implementation of organizational programs and realize organizational goals effectively and efficiently. This study aims to determine the effect of transformational leadership and work motivation on teacher performance at SDI Al Kautsar Tangerang City during academic year 2017/2018. This research is a survey with a quantitative approach. The subject of the research is the teacher while the object of research is the leadership performance and the performance of the principal management of SDI Al Kautsar Tangerang City. The sampling technique used in this study is population. The data collection technique used by the researchers is the method of Questionnaire. The assumption test is Smart-PLS. Hypothesis test using Smart-PLS analysis.
PENTINGNYA MOTIVASI KERJA, SUPERVISI KEPALA SEKOLAH, DAN KEPUASAN KERJA DALAM MENINGKATKAN KOMITMEN ORGANISASI GURU [THE INFLUENCE OF JOB MOTIVATION, PRINCIPAL SUPERVISION, AND JOB SATISFACTION ON TEACHERS' ORGANIZATION COMMITMENT]
Authors: Situkkir Seri Kurnia
Published: February 2022

This study aims to analyse the influence of work motivation, principal supervision and job satisfaction on teachers' organization commitment in Secondary XYZ School North Jakarta. The data collection in this study is done using a questionnaire to all teachers. The number of respondents is 53 people. The method used in this research was quantitative research by using path analysis method. This study is using Smart PLS program to evaluate the outer model and inner model. The results showed that work motivation gives positive influence to job satisfaction (0,349) as well as principal supervision with a positive influence to job satisfaction (0,631). Work motivation (0,442) and principal supervision (0,336) have a positive influence on organizational commitment. Job satisfaction has an effect on organizational commitment despite small influence (0,013) but it still creates a positive influence.
PENGARUH KEPUASAN KERJA, KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL, DAN MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA GURU DI SD SAINT JOHN’S MERUYA [THE EFFECT OF JOB SATISFACTION, TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP, AND WORK MOTIVATION ON TEACHERS’ PERFORMANCE AT SAINT JOHN’S PRIMARY SCHOOL MERUYA]
Authors: Widyaningsih Rahael
Published: February 2022

The aim of this study was to investigate the positive effect of job satisfaction and transformational leadership to work motivation and job satisfaction, transformational leadership, and work motivation on teachers’ performance. Research was conducted at Saint John’s Primary School Meruya, West Jakarta, involving the whole 36 teachers as respondents. The method used is quantitative research. Analysis technique used is descriptive statistical analysis using path analysis tool. A structured questionnaire with Likert-type scale was used to collect data from the respondents. Data proccessed with Partial Least Squares – Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Path coefficient shows that job satisfaction and transformational leadership have positive effect to job motivation. This study also shows that job satisfaction, transformational leadership and work motivation have positive effect to teachers’ performance.
INTERPRETASI HADIST TENTANG PERANAN WANITA DALAM DINAMIKA SOSIAL
Authors: Udin MS
Published: February 2022

Today, Indonesia is experiencing a crisis in a number of fields. In addition to experiencing the economic crisis,  Indonesia is also being hit by a moral, mental and spiritual  crisis. Most of the objects which at the same time cause the crisis are women. Starting from pornography cases, showing off bodies, erotic dances, and many more being the main target and the bait is women. Women can be used as resources to improve society. Women can also be a means to destroy and destroy society.Throughout history, women have struggled to get their rights. However, now they are back in colonialism, namely in the form of modernoccupation. Women consider themselves independent when they can show off their beautiful bodies to be enjoyed by masculine men. Women now have forgotten the nature of themselves, they tend to accentuate their facial beauty and beauty without noticing the beauty of their character.
Reformulasi Tafsir: Studi Pemikiran Gender Asghar Ali Engineer
Authors: Rasyid Ridho Abdul
Published: February 2022

Asghar Ali Engineer is one of the figures who promotes and implements liberation theology. Liberation theology emphasizes praxis rather than metaphysical theoritization which includes abstract and ambiguous concepts. The praxis in question is of a liberal nature and involves dialectical attraction between "what is" and "what should be". As well as this ambiguous meaning that opens opportunities for flexibility in making creative and constructive changes. This theology is applied, among others, related to the injustice towards women. Women realize that they have not really been 'individualized', have not been treated as whole human beings. This condition is of course felt as a confinement that shackles women. So from a normative perspective, it is clear that the Koran upholds the principle of equality between men and women. In other words, the Qur'an is very concerned with issues of gender equality. However, when viewed from a contextual perspective, the al-Qur'an sometimes places men one level above women.
3x + 1 Problem: Iterative Operations Neither Cause Loops nor Diverge to Infinity
Authors: Jiang Li
Published: February 2022

The 3x+1 problem is a problem of continuous iteration for integers. According to the basic theorem of arithmetic and the way of iteration, we derive a general formula for continuous iteration for odd integers. Through this formula, we can construct a loop iteration equation and obtain the result of the equation: the equation has only one positive integer solution. In addition, this general formula can be converted into a linear indeterminate equation. The process of solving this equation shows that the relationship between the iteration result and the odd number being iterated is linear. Extending this result to all positive even numbers, we get the answer to the 3x + 1 question.
Analytical Calculation of Superconducting Transition Temperatures Including a Complete Consideration of Many-Body Interactions and Non-equilibrium States
Authors: Ishiguri Shinichi
Published: February 2022

In this work, we analytically describe a superconducting transition in a non-equilibrium state taking into account many-body interactions; the obtained transition temperatures indicate the presence of superconductivity at non-refrigeration temperatures. First, we consider many-body interactions and discuss the case of locally thermal equilibrium with many-body interactions; in this section, we derive statistical equations that describe many-body interactions at locally thermal equilibrium state. Then, the same theory is used to derive a many-body statistical equation that is expanded to include the case of non-equilibrium states; in this case a transition temperature is derived. Moreover, a wave function of an EPR pair (Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pair) is calculated according to the Lorentz conservation, and a specific condensation is observed and the Meissner effect is found to be present. Furthermore, considering the Lorentz conservations, relativistic energy, and Boltzmann statistics, algorithms are presented to calculate charge density, current density, and internal local energy. We note that these calculations do not require a specific code but instead utilize the software Microsoft Excel. We present plots showing the charge density and current density vs. the applied electric potential, which demonstrate the practical applicability of the theory. Moreover, internal local energy was found to be close to zero for sufficiently large electric potentials at non-refrigeration temperatures.This paper describes non-equilibrium and EPR-pair type superconductivity, with the complete consideration of many-body interactions.
Osteonecrosis with Concomitant Bacterial Osteomyelitis of Both Hips and a Knee in a Post–COVID-19 Patient
Authors: Jain Sanjeev , Sawant Tushar
Published: February 2022

Case:

We report the case of a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-recovered, 42-year-old man with osteonecrosis and concomitant acute bacterial osteomyelitis of both hips and his left knee. The patient underwent total hip replacement for both hips and arthroscopic decompression and synovectomy of the knee joint. On follow-up, he has complete and painless range of motion with resolving osteomyelitis and no signs of active infection.

Conclusion:

Corticosteroid therapy and COVID-19–associated thrombotic microangiopathy might have caused osteonecrosis in our patient. However, concomitant osteomyelitis is extremely rare and might be overlooked because of elevated inflammatory markers after recovery from COVID-19 infection.
Microvirga Terrestris sp. nov., and Microvirga arvi sp. nov., Two Novel Species Isolated from Soil in South Korea
Authors: Damdintogtokh Tuvshinzaya , Park Yuna , Maeng Soohyun , Oh Hye Jin , Bang Minji , Kim Myung Kyum , Bai jaewoo
Published: February 2022

Two novel Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, rod shaped bacterial strains BT290T and BT689T were isolated from soil collected in South Korea. Colony morphologies of both strains were circular and convex while the colors of BT290T and BT689T were light-pink and white, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that BT290T and BT689T belong to a distinct lineage within the genus Microvirga (family Methylobacteriaceae, order Rhizobiales, class Alphaproteobacteria, phylum Proteobacteria, kingdom Bacteria). The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between two strains was 97.9%. Both strains had the similar quinone system, with ubiquinone 10 (Q-10) as the major respiratory quinone. The major polar lipids of strains BT290T and BT689T were phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), diphosphatydilglycerol (DPG), phosphatidylcholine (PC), and phosphatydilglycerol (PG). The major cellular fatty acids of strain BT290T were C18:1 ω7c (58.2%) and C16:0 (17.7%), while those of strain BT689T were C18:1 ω7c (61.8%) and C16:0 (10.8%). On the bases of polyphasic analysis (phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic, and biochemical), strains BT290T and BT689T can be suggested as novel bacterial species within the genus Microvirga and the proposed names are Microvirga terrestris and Microvirga arvi, respectively. The type strain of Microvirga terrestris is BT290T (= KCTC 72367T=NBRC 114844T) and the type strain of Microvirga arvi is BT689T (= KACC 22016T = NBRC 114858T), respectively.
The Gut Microbiota Composition in Patients with Right- and Left-Sided Colorectal Cancer and After Curative Colectomy, as Analyzed by 16S rRNA Gene Amplicon Sequencing
Authors: Suga Daisuke , Mizutani Hiroki , Fukui Shunske , Kobayashi Mayu , Shimada Yasuaki , Nakazawa Yuuichi , Nishiura Yuuki , Kawasaki Yuuya , Moritani Isao , Yamanaka Yutaka , Inoue Hidekazu , Ojima Eiki , Mohri Yasuhiko , Nakagawa Hayato , Dohi Kaoru , Takaba Kei , Wada Hideo , Shiraki Katsuya
Published: February 2022

Background
Gut pathological microbial imbalance or dysbiosis is closely associated with colorectal cancer. Although there are observable differences in molecular and clinical characteristics between right-sided and left-sided colon cancer, their gut microbiome differences have not been thoroughly investigated. Furthermore, subsequent changes in microbiota status after partial colectomy remain unknown. We examined the human gut microbiota composition to determine its relationship with colon cancer and partial colon resection according to the location.
Methods
Stool samples from forty-one subjects (10 in the control group, 10 in the right-sided colon cancer [RCC] group, 6 in the sigmoid colon cancer [SCC] group, 9 in right colon resection [RCR] group and 6 in sigmoid colon resection [SCR] group) were collected, and DNA was extracted. After terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis, the samples were subjected to 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and metagenome analysis.
Results
T-RFLP analysis showed a reduced ratio of Clostridial clusters XIVa in SCC patients and Clostridial clusters IX in RCC patients, although these changes were not seen in RCR or SCR patients. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing demonstrated that the diversity of the gut microbiota in the RCC group was higher than that in the control group and that in the SCR group was significantly higher than that in the RCR group. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) revealed significant differences according to the group. Analysis of the microbiota revealed that Firmicutes was significantly dominant in the RCC group and that the SCC group had a higher abundance of Verrucomicrobia. At the genus level, linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) revealed several bacteria, such as Ruminococcaceae, Streptococcaceae, Clostridiaceae, Gemellaceae, and Desulfovibrio, in the RCC group and several oral microbiomes in the SCC group. Metagenome analysis revealed that cholesterol transport- and metabolism-related enzymes were specifically upregulated in the RCC group and that cobalamin metabolism-related enzymes were downregulated in the SCC group.
Conclusion
Gut microbial properties differ between right and sigmoid colon cancer patients and between right hemicolectomy and sigmoidectomy patients and may contribute to clinical manifestations.
Integrated Geriatric Health Care Services at the Level of Primary Health Care: A Comparison Study During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Rashedi Vahid , Farvahari Arash , sabermahani Mahin , Safizadeh Mansoreh , Borhaninejad Vahidreza
Published: February 2022

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the use of integrated geriatric care services for the elderly. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the status of using integrated geriatric health care services for the elderly before and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
Materials and Methods
This cross-sectional study was performed in Kerman, Iran, and consisted of two phases. In the first phase, information on the use of services through the secondary data of the integrated health services system was collected. The second phase was a cross-sectional study conducted among the elderly in Kerman in 2021, and the dimensions of the integrated geriatric health care process were surveyed through a researcher-made semi-structured questionnaire. The study population (n = 200) was selected using systematic random sampling.
Results
Under the influence of COVID-19, the number of older adults who received services from the primary health care system, especially the elderly in the age group of 60 to 70 years, decreased. Care services received due to high blood pressure and diabetes increased, but those in balance assessment showed a significant decrease. The mean of risk screening (P = 0.001) and self-care (P = 0.03) increased significantly in the COVID-19 pandemic compared to those before the onset of the COVID-19 crisis. There was no significant difference (P = 0.025) in health education compared to that before the crisis and the mean of case management and medication dimension was not significantly different.
Conclusion
Considering the decrease in the use of geriatric care during the COVID-19 crisis, policymakers should take the necessary measures, especially for the post-crisis period, emphasizing the dimensions of integrated geriatric care.
Amelioration of Lead Toxicity by Ascorbic Acid in Sugarcane under in vitro condition
Authors: saleem yasmeen , Ali Aamir , Naz Shagufta , Jamil Muhammad
Published: February 2022

Ameliorating role of ascorbic acid against Pb toxicity in three genotypes of sugarcane (YT-53, CP-77-400, NSG-59)under six different concentrations of Pb(NO3)2 (control, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 1mM) was studied under in vitro conditions. The morphological parameters like callus fresh weight and dry weight, shoot and root length, number of shoots and roots per cultured plant and biochemical parameters included antioxidants enzymes, total protein contents, ascorbic acid, Pb contents in Pb treated calli were compared with 0.5mM ascorbic acid pretreated calli at each level. It was observed that all the morphological parameters were negatively affected by Pb stress but ascorbic acid pretreatment recovered this damage. Biochemical parameters like antioxidants enzymes activity ( POD, SOD, CAT) increased under elevated Pb concentration while ascorbic acid pretreatment further enhance the POD and SOD activity while CAT activity and total soluble protein contents did not change significantly. Different genotypic behaviors towards different treatments were also observed.
Perception of Medical Students on the Need for End-of-Life Care. A Q-Methodology Study
Authors: Barros-Garcia-Imhof Jorge , Jiménez-Alfonso Andrés , Gómez-Acebo Inés , Fernández-Ortiz María , Alonso-Molero Jéssica , Llorca Javier , Gonzalez-Castro Alejandro , Dierssen-Sotos Trinidad
Published: February 2022

Background
End-of-life care and the limitation of therapeutic effort are among the most controversial aspects of medical practice. There are many factors that can influence decision-making regarding these issues. Most of them are subjective and personal. In this context, the Q methodology provides a scientific basis for the systematic study of subjectivity by identifying different thought patterns. Medical students will soon deal with difficult situations related to this topic. Being aware of their different views and the factors related to these will help to identify areas of improvement in the medical curricula.
Methods
Q methodology analysis was performed to find student´s profiles. 143 students of the School of Medicine of the Cantabria University (Spain) participated. A chi-square test was used to compare proportions.
Results
We obtained three opinion profiles: the first seeks to ensure quality of life and attaches great importance to the patient’s wishes; the second prioritizes life extension above anything else; the third incorporates the economic perspective into medical decision-making, prioritizing healthcare investment in patients with healing possibilities. Those who had religious beliefs were mostly included in profile 2 (48.8% vs 7.3% in profile 1 and 43.9% in profile 3), and those who considered that their beliefs did not influence their ethical principles, were mainly included in profile 3 (48.5% vs 24.7% in profile 1 and 26.8% in profile 2).
Conclusions
The different profiles on end-of-life care amongst medical students are influenced by personal factors (beliefs, experience with terminally ill patients).Increasing the clinical experience of students with terminally ill patients and reinforcing bioethics and health economics contents in medical schools’ curricula would contribute to developing knowledge-based opinion profiles and would avoid relying on personal experiences.
Viability Of Machine-Learning Strategies To Solve Psychometric Problems
Authors: Trognon Arthur , Cherifi Youssouf , Demange Loïs , Prudent Cécile
Published: February 2022

Validating scales for clinical purposes is a common process in medicine and psychology. Using machine-learning and statistics, we revalidated the Fenigstein & Vanable Paranoia Scale and showed that these kinds of approaches could be used both to achieve construct validity and criterion validity and could thus add an additional layer of evidence to traditional validation approaches. However, there is still a lot of work needed in order to evaluate the whole range of applications, disadvantages, and potential limitations of these approaches when applied for psychometric purposes.
Design of a Novel Hybrid Rice Straw/Husk Bio-Based Concrete Featuring The Enhanced Mechanical and Hygrothermal Properties
Authors: MOUSSI Youssef EL , CLERC Laurent , BENEZET Jean-Charles
Published: February 2022

In order to reduce the consumption of energy and the emissions of greenhouse gases and CO2 generated by the construction industry, bio-based concretes made of plant aggregates are increasingly used in the optimization of building envelopes thanks to their good hydrothermal performances, their renewable origin, and biodegradability. These insulation materials are considered as a promising alternative to synthetic systems made of mineral wool. This study investigates the use of a bio-based concretes performed with a mixture of eco-aggregates derived from rice plant and lime as thermal insulation materials. The effect of combining different proportions of rice straw (RS) with rice husks (RH) (100%, 66%, 50%, and 33%) on both mechanical and hydrothermal properties of bio-based concretes are investigated. The characterization seeks to evaluate the thermal conductivity, moisture buffer value (MBV) and mechanical compressive properties of the rice straw/rice husk concretes. Results show that the thermal conductivity of the bio-based concretes slightly decreased with increasing rice straw content. The MBV values measured showed that rice straw confers to concretes an excellent moisture buffering capacity according to the Nordtest project classification. The compression test result also revealed that rice straw concretes have high mechanical deformability. Straw concretes do not break but continuously deform.
Identification of Bacteria in Infected Wounds Using Electronic Nose: A Systematic Review
Authors: Nascimento José William Araújo do , Roque Geicianfran da Silva Lima , de Souza Rafael Roque , Bastos Michael Lopes , Santos Isabel Cristina Ramos Vieira , Almeida Leandro Maciel
Published: February 2022

Background
Effective management of patients with infected wounds is a crucial concern. A delay in prescribing the appropriate antibacterial agent can lead to life-threatening clinical complications. Thus, the electronic nose technique (eNose) can provide a diagnostic aid tool that allows rapid and accurate identification of pathogens.
Results
This study examines the effectiveness of using eNoses to aid in the diagnosis of bacterially infected wounds. The systematic search in the literature retrieved 3,326 publications, of which 97 were for a complete review, and of these, 09 comprised the sample of this study. These studies involved the analysis of seven types of wounds, the most common being the infected skin wound. The most frequent bacteria were P. aeruginosa, E. coli and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). The average accuracy of the eNoses in identifying these microorganisms was 95.13% for the training set and 91.5% for the test set, including the ability to differentiate between bacteria of the same genus but sensitive or resistant to antibiotics. Among the Artificial Intelligence techniques used to classify the models, the Support Vector Machine (SVM) was the most commonly used in the experiments.
Conclusion
The eNoses devices observed may have broad applicability in aiding diagnosis of wound infection through their high efficacy values. However, further research needs to explore the reduction of interferences in the accuracy of the application of Machine Learning algorithms.
Probabilistic feasibility space of scaling up green hydrogen supply
Authors: Odenweller Adrian , Ueckerdt Falko , Nemet Gregory , Jensterle Miha , Luderer Gunnar
Published: February 2022

Green hydrogen from renewable electricity and derived e-fuels can replace fossil fuels in applications where direct electrification is infeasible, making them very valuable for climate neutrality. However, here we show that even if electrolysis capacity grows as fast as wind and solar power have, green hydrogen supply remains scarce in the short-term and uncertain in the long-term. Using probabilistic technology diffusion modelling, we find that, despite initial exponential growth, green hydrogen likely (≥75%) supplies <1 % of final energy until 2030 (2035) in the EU (globally). By 2040, a breakthrough is more likely, but large uncertainties prevail with an interquartile range of 4.4-10.5% (EU) and 1.1-4.3% (globally). Both short-term scarcity and long-term uncertainty impede investment in hydrogen end-uses and infrastructure, reducing green hydrogen’s potential and jeopardising climate targets. However, historic analogues suggest that emergency-like policy measures could foster substantially higher growth rates, expediting the breakthrough and increasing the likelihood of future hydrogen availability.
A Survey On Dogs With Valvular Disease Flying To Japan For Operation
Authors: Takahashi Arane , Takeuchi Sayaka , Chen Ayaka , Uechi Masami
Published: February 2022

In small-breed dogs, mitral valve disease is common, which leads to future cardiac failure. Mitral valve repair is an optimal surgical treatment that is currently available in limited veterinary facilities globally because it requires a special surgery team and specific devices. Therefore, some dogs must travel overseas to undergo this surgery. However, a question arises regarding the safety of dogs when traveling by air with a heart disease. We aimed to evaluate the effect of flight journey on dogs with mitral valve disease, including survival rates, symptoms during the trip, laboratory test results, and operational outcomes. All dogs stayed near the owner in the cabin during the flight. The survival rate after the flight was 97.5% in 80 dogs. The surgical survival rates (96.0% and 94.3%) and hospitalization periods (7 days and 7 days) were similar between overseas and domestic dogs. This report shows that taking air flights in the cabin may not have a significant effect on dogs with MMVD, on the premise that their overall conditions are stable under cardiac medication.
Sub-Axillary Cosmetic Incision VS Single-Incision Thoracoscopic Surgery for Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax
Authors: Zheng Yuan-Liang , Huang Ri-Sheng
Published: February 2022

Background
Recently, single-incision thoracoscopic surgery (SITS) has gained attention as an optimal treatment for the primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP). However, most SITS techniques use in the fourth to sixth intercostal space between the anterior axillary and mid axillary lines. To find out more concealed incisions, this study performed PSP surgery with the sub-axillary cosmetic incision (SACI) technique.
Methods
A total of 128 patients with PSP underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) at our institution between January 2017 and January 2019. These patients were evaluated and divided into SACI (n = 21) and SITS group (n = 57). Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed based on the patient’s backgrounds, and the enrolled cohort was divided into 21 pairs. The incision satisfaction was analyzed at 2 weeks and 6 months post-surgery, whereas the recurrence probability of ipsilateral pneumothorax was assessed within 6 months after the operation.
Results
Twenty-one pairs with baseline characteristics matched into the two groups had no significant differences in their backgrounds and surgical results. However, the operation time was longer in the SACI group than in the SITS group (p = 0.013). The median age in the SACI group was 24.9 ± 6.6 years, out of the 21 patients, 17 were males, 7 patients had a smoking history, and 2 patients had pleural adhesion. The median age in SITS group was 24.0 ± 4.4 years, out of the 21 patients, 17 were males, 6 patients had smoking history, and 4 patients had thoracic adhesion. There were no post-operative complications found in both groups. The incision satisfaction score in the SACI group was lower than the SITS group at 2 weeks and 6 months, and the difference was statistically significant (respectively, p = 0.022 and p = 0.039). There were no recurrences of ipsilateral pneumothorax in both groups.
Conclusions
SACI is a safe and feasible surgical method for the treatment of PSP. In addition, incision concealment can be used based on the choice for patients with incision needs.
Initial Pulse Pressure and Shock Index Predict Mortality in Burn Patients
Authors: Pires-Menard Alexandra , Dong Fanglong , Jin Richard , Lee David , Poulakidas Stathis , Bokhari Faran
Published: February 2022

Background: Burn injuries result in profound hemodynamic and cardiovascular dysfunction. Pulse pressure (PP) and shock index (SI) can be used to guide medical management in acute trauma settings however its application in acute burn settings is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine whether pulse pressure and shock index on admission were early predictors of in-hospital mortality in burn patients. METHODS: This retrospective study analyzed burn patients admitted to John H. Stroger Hospital of Cook County in Chicago, Illinois, USA from 2013-2019. Inclusion criteria were patients aged >1 year with TBSA values ≥ 15%, 2nd and 3rd degree thermal injuries. Exclusion criteria included non-thermal burns, missing values and those dead on arrival.Variables studied were age, gender, TBSA, inhalation injury, Baux score, R-Baux score and vital signs (systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and heart rate) on arrival. SI and PP values were calculated from the vital signs. Baux and R-Baux score were calculated from data in the electronic medical records. Independent t-test compared mortality outcomes in survivors versus non-survivors. Pearson’s Chi square test compared mortality outcomes associated with gender and inhalation injury status. Adjusted odds ratio with corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated for R-Baux and SI. RESULTS: 108 burn patients were included in this study. Mean age was 40 years and 68 patients (64%) were male. Mean TBSA was 30% and inhalation injury was present in 30% (32/106) of the patients. Among eighteen non-survivors, fourteen (78%) had inhalation injury. For all patients, the mean Baux and R-Baux score were 70 and 75, respectively. Overall mortality rate was 17%.On bivariate analysis, mean SI in survivors and non-survivors was 0.7 and 1.0. Mean PP in survivors and non-survivors were 61 mmHg and 47 mmHg. Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) for R-Baux and SI were 1.06 (1.03-1.09) and 26.48 (4.34-161.46), respectively. CONCLUSION: A lower PP and a higher SI on admission are predictors of mortality in patients with significant burns. SI is associated with 26-times higher likelihood of mortality. These initial parameters can help identify patients that may require close monitoring and aggressive resuscitation to improve survival rates in burn victims.
Phenological coding of Crambe abyssinica Hochst based on the BBCH system
Authors: Brito Vitor , Sória-Teixeira Luiz , Narcisa-Oliveira Jeniffer , Santos Renata , Rodrigues Carla , Costa Reginaldo B. , Marques Rubia
Published: February 2022

Crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst) is an oilseed crop domesticated in the Mediterranean region and has become increasingly important worldwide. Crambe is now considered an alternative to bioenergy crops and oleochemicals, because of its acclimatisation capacity under inhospitable conditions. Despite the interest in the agronomical characteristics and applications of this crop, investigations on crambe are still scarce and have only focused on production, without taking into account the phenological stages of this species. Thus, a single criterion to quantify the species’ phenology can be a useful tool for both researchers and growers. In the present study, a proposed scale of the phenological growth stages of crambe under the BBCH (Biologische Bundesanstalt Bundessortenamt und Chemische Industrie) coding system was applied. Growth stages were described using the one- and two-digit decimal coding of the BBCH system and corresponded to, Stage 0: germination; Stage 1: leaf development; Stage 2: lateral sprout formation; Stage 5: inflorescence emergence; Stage 6: flowering; Stage 7: fruit formation; Stage 8: fruit maturation; Stage 9: senescence. Growth stages 3 and 4 (main stem elongation and development of collectable vegetative parts, respectively) were omitted. Figures were included to illustrate the most pertinent stages, and vegetal growth was represented by means of a technical botanical illustration. The BBCH system was efficacious in providing crambe Phenological data, allowing for better growing management practices amid varying climatic conditions, as well as contributing to the standardisation of research methods with this species.
The Extreme Precipitation Over the Yangtze–Huaihe River Basin in August 2021: Driven by the Rapid Tropical Atlantic Warming and the Second Developing La Niña
Authors: Zhao Junhu , Zuo Jinqing , Zhang Han , Chen Lijuan , Yang Jie , Zhihai Zheng , Feng Guolin
Published: February 2022

In 2021, the Yangtze–Huaihe River Basin (YHRB) of China underwent nearly normal precipitation during the classical Meiyu period in June–July but suffered extreme precipitation and severe floods in August. Such a remarkable subseasonal variation in the YHRB precipitation anomalies was closely related to the subseasonal change in the western North Pacific anomalous anticyclone (WNPAC) between June–July and August 2021. The background of sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies is a moderate eastern-Pacific La Niña event rapidly decayed in spring and a second La Niña developing in late summer, accompanied by a weak tropical Indian Ocean warming and a strong tropical Atlantic warming in summer. The results indicated that the rapidly decaying La Niña event and the weak tropical Indian Ocean warming alone were insufficient to induce the strong WNPAC in August 2021. In contrast, the rapid tropical Atlantic warming from late spring to summer observably contributed to the enhancement and westward shift of the WNPAC, and the cold SST anomalies in the eastern tropical Pacific associated with the second La Niña event provided favorable conditions for a strong WNPAC in August. In addition, the Madden − Julian Oscillation (MJO) persisting in phases 1 − 2 during August 2021 maybe also played an important role in maintaining the simultaneous strong WNPAC. That is, the rapid tropical Atlantic warming, the second La Niña event and the MJO standing in phases 1 − 2 jointly contributed to the strong WNPAC, and lead to extreme precipitation over YHRB in August 2021.
Possible charge forming mechanism and its implication and prediction
Authors: Xia Tongsheng
Published: February 2022

Research on the field perturbation of black hole is quite attractive, such as, for Schwarzschild black hole, the study on the quasi normal mode gives a result: ωR = THln3. And here when we study the quasi normal mode of the minimum Kerr black hole, we found it corresponds to the charge of e/3. Models and calculations are performed to clarify this, and then further examinations are given to show the implications, especially to let the theory self consistently and even make predictions. We found that even in the Planck scale, the classical General Relativity can give a good description here. Examination on the process from energy to charge value shows that directly using the equation E = hω = √(K/G) erc2 may be helpful. It avoids the annoying caused by taking mass as a middle variable. However, this equation might imply and predict that charge also means some kind of energy.
Diaph3 Underlines Tumor Cell Heterogeneity In Glioblastoma Multiforme With Implications For Treatment Modalities Resistance
Authors: Stoyanov George , Lyutfi Emran , Georgieva Reneta , Georgiev Radoslav , Dzhenkov Deyan , Petkova Lilyana , Ivanov Borislav D. , Kaprelyan Ara , Ghenev Peter
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most malignant astrocytic tumor of the central nervous system (CNS) with a growth pattern mimicking that of the developing brain. Diaphanous homolog (Diaph3) has been established to play a role in CNS maturation and cancer progression as it is required both for cell migration and division. Furthermore, Diaph3 has been shown to play a role in malignant disease progression through hyperactivation of the EGFR/MEK/ERK in loss of expression and its overexpression correlating to hyperactivity of the mTOR pathway, both of which are with a well-established role for GBM. Herein we set out to establish the role of Diaph3 immunohistochemistry expression pattern in GBM.Materials and methods: The study utilized a retrospective nonclinical approach. Results of Diaph3 expression were compared morphologically as well as for statistical significance with neuroradiological measured tumor size and patient survival. Results: GBM samples showed a heterogeneous positive reaction to Diaph3, mean number of positive cells 62.66%, median 61.5, range 12-96%. Areas of migrating cells showed a strong reaction, while centrally located tumor areas were negative, as well as areas of submeningeal aggregation. Statistical analysis revealed no correlation with tumor size or patient survival.Conclusion: Despite Diaph3 expression not correlating with survival and tumor size, there is an accumulating body of evidence that Diaph3 correlates with mTOR activity. Thus, Diaph3 can predict response to rapamycin and taxanes, clinical studies of which have shown promising, if mixed results in GBM.
Effects of Methodological Difference on Fine Root Production, Mortality and Decomposition Estimates Differ Between Functional Groups in A Planted Loblolly Pine Forest
Authors: Li Xuefeng , Zhou Quanlai , Zheng Xingbo , Gavazzi Michael , Shan Yanlong , McNulty Steve , King John S.
Published: February 2022

Background and aims
Fine roots can be functionally classified into an absorptive fine root pool (AFR) and a transport fine root pool (TFR) and their production, mortality and decomposition play a critical role in forest soil carbon (C) cycling. Different methods give significantly different estimates. However, how methodological difference affects AFT and TFR production, mortality, and decomposition estimates remains unclear, impeding us to accurately construct fine root C budgets.
Methods
We used dynamic-flow model, a model based on measurements of litterbags and soil cores, and balanced-hybrid model, a model based on measurements of minirhizotrons and soil cores, to quantify AFT and TFR production, mortality, and decomposition in a planted loblolly pine forest.
Results
Temporal changes in AFR and TFR production, mortality and decomposition estimates were generally the same between the two models. Annual production, mortality, and decomposition were comparable between AFRs and TFRs when measured using the dynamic-flow model but significantly higher for AFRs than for TFRs when measured using the balanced-hybrid model. Annual production, mortality and decomposition estimates using the balanced-hybrid model were 75%, 71% and 69% higher than those using the dynamic-flow model, respectively, for AFRs, but 12%, 6% and 5% higher than those using the dynamic-flow model, respectively, for TFRs. Model test showed that the balanced-hybrid model had greater accuracy than the dynamic-flow model in estimating AFR and TFR production, mortality and decomposition. Lower AFR estimates using the dynamic-flow model than using the balanced-hybrid model appeared to result from the underestimated AFR mass loss rate induced by the litterbag method.
Conclusions
The balanced-hybrid model is more reliable than the dynamics-flow model. Methodological difference has greater effects on AFR estimates than TFR estimates. Effects of methodological difference must be taken into consideration when quantifying fine root production, mortality and decomposition by functional groups.
Cost assessment of home care for discharged patients with moderate to severe dependence
Authors: Bi Dong-Jun , Qian Wei-Yang , Pan Shuang-Jun , Zhang Jia-Li , Xu Run-Yue , Cheng Feng-Min , Feng Jing , Jia Li-Min , Tung Tao-Hsin
Published: February 2022

Objectives: Toevaluate the cost of home care for patients with moderate-to-severe dependency. Methods: This study retrospectively collected 123 cases of home nursing patients in Taizhou city, a city in southeast China, from January to November 2021 and compared the actual total cost and actual expenditure of home nursing with in-hospital nursing. Results: Thecost of home nursing was higher than that of hospital nursing(vsYuan).Compared to home-based nursing and in-hospital nursing, the reimbursement amount of government-borne medical insurance reimbursement is higher (vsYuan).The actual cost of the patient’s expenses is less than that of home care(vsYuan). There were significant differences between the two groups in the actual total cost and expense reimbursement(vs,p< 0.05; vs,p< 0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups regardingtotal self-care expenses(p =0.327). Conclusion: The cost of home nursing is high, but the government and the hospital absorb the corresponding expenditure cost, so the actual expenditure of patients is low.Home care saves time and avoids the risk of accidents caused by moving.Home care reflects the medical policy to provide services and cost support through cost analysis. Further, the continuous care of moderate and severe living dependent discharged patients getscomplete nursing care.