bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Network analyses reveal the role of large snakes in connecting feeding guilds in a species-rich Amazonian snake community
Authors: Coelho Daniela , Martins Marcio , Jr. Paulo Guimarães
Published: January 2021

In ecological communities, interactions between consumers and resources
lead to the emergence of ecological networks and a fundamental problem
to solve is to understand which factors shape network structure.
Empirical and theoretical studies on ecological networks suggest
predator body size is a key factor structuring patterns of interaction.
Because larger predators consume a wider resource range, including the
prey consumed by smaller predators, we hypothesized that variation in
body size favors the rise of nestedness. In contrast, if resource
consumption requires specific adaptations, predators are expected to
consume distinct sets of resources, thus favouring modularity. We
investigate these predictions by characterising the trophic network of a
species-rich Amazonian snake community (62 species). Our results
revealed an intricate network pattern resulting from larger species
feeding on higher diversity of prey, promoting nestedness, and specific
lifestyles feeding on distinct resources, promoting modularity. Species
removal simulations indicated that the nested structure is favored
mainly by the presence of five species of the family Boidae, which
because of their body size and generalist lifestyles connect modules in
the network. Our study highlights the particular ways traits affect the
structure of interactions among consumers and resources at the community
level.
Subclinical Hypothyroidism in Coronary Bypass Surgery: Clinically Significant? Or Subclinical after all?
Authors: mulder michelle , Jeraq Mohammed
Published: January 2021

In this issue, Zhao et al. investigate the effects of subclinical
hypothyroidism in coronary bypass grafting particularly with respect to
the incidence of atrial fibrillation. While not the first of its kind,
the authors analyze this controversial topic in a well powered,
statistically comprehensive manner that furthers our understanding of
the effects of SCH in CABG patients.
Intra-specific differences in metabolic rates shape carbon stable isotope trophic discrimination factors of muscle tissue in the common teleost Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis)
Authors: Scharnweber Kristin , Andersson Matilda , Chaguaceda Fernando , Eklöv Peter
Published: January 2021

1. Stable isotopes represent a unique approach to provide insights into
the ecology of organisms. δ13C and δ15N have specifically be used to
obtain information on the trophic ecology and food web interactions. The
trophic discrimination factor (TDF, Δ13C and Δ15N) describes the
isotopic fractionation occurring from diet to consumer tissue and this
value is critical to obtain precise estimates within any application of
δ13C and δ15N. It is widely acknowledged that metabolism influences the
TDF, being responsible for different TDFs between tissues of variable
metabolic activity (e.g. liver vs. muscle tissue) or species body size
(small vs. large). However, the connection between the variation of
metabolism occurring within a single species during its ontogeny and
TDFs has rarely been considered. 2. Here, we conducted a 9-month feeding
experiment to report Δ13C and Δ15N of muscle and liver tissue for
several weight classes of Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis), a
widespread teleost often studied using stable isotopes, but without
established TDFs for feeding on a natural diet. In addition, we assessed
the relationship between the standard metabolic rate (SMR) and TDFs by
measuring their oxygen consumption of the individuals. 3. Our results
showed a significant negative relationship of SMR with Δ13C, but not
with Δ15N of muscle or TDFs of liver tissue. SMR was significantly
higher in perch juveniles, which translated to significantly lower Δ13C
of muscle tissue. 4. In summary, our results emphasize the role of
metabolism in shaping specific TDFs (i.e. Δ13C of muscle tissue), and
especially highlight the substantial differences between individuals of
different ontogenetic stages within a species. Our findings thus have
direct implications for the use of stable isotope data and the
applications of stable isotopes in food web studies.
Effects of aluminum and copper on the graphite morphology, microstructure, and compressive properties of ductile iron
Authors: Sazegaran H. , Teimoori F. , Rastegarian H. , Naserian-Nik A.M.
Published: January 2021

The effect of aluminum (0, 2, 4, and 6 wt. %) and copper (0, 2, 4, and 6 wt. %) on graphite morphology, microstructure and compressive behavior of ductile iron specimens manufactured by sand casting technique were investigated. The graphite morphology and microstructure were evaluated using optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped image processing software. To study the mechanical properties, the compression test was conducted on the ductile iron specimens. The results indicated that the surface fraction and nodule count of graphite decreased when the amount of aluminum increased from 0 to 2 wt. % and after that from 2 to 6 wt. %. In addition, the nodularity of graphite increased with the increment of the aluminum amounts. By adding the amount of copper, the surface fraction and nodule count of graphite increased and nodularity of graphite decreased. The addition of aluminum and copper decreased the surface fraction of ferrite and increased the surface fraction of pearlite in the microstructure. By increasing the amounts of aluminum and copper, compressive stress vs. strain curves were shifted upwards, and modulus of elasticity, yield strength, maximum compressive stress, and fracture strain improved. In comparison with copper, aluminum had a greater influence on the mechanical properties of ductile iron.
Association of Early-Phase In-Hospital Glycemic Fluctuation With Mortality in Adult Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Chen Liangkai , Sun Wenwu , Liu Yanli , Zhang Lijuan , Lv Yanling , Wang Qiang , Long Ding , Wang Yujun , Zhao Su , Rong Shuang , Yu Li , Liu Liegang
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVE—
To
investigate the association of in-hospital early-phase glycemic control with adverse
outcomes among inpatients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan,
China.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—
The study is a large case series and data were obtained regarding consecutive
patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in the Central Hospital of Wuhan between
January 2 and February 15, 2020. All patients with definite outcomes (death or
discharge) were included. Demographic, clinical, treatment, and laboratory
information were extracted from electronic medical records. We collected daily fasting
glucose data from standard morning fasting blood biochemistry to determine
glycemic status and fluctuation (calculated as the square root of the variance
of daily fasting glucose levels) during the first week of hospitalization.

RESULTS— A
total of 548 patients were included in the study (median age 57 years; =298 [54%] women; n=99 diabetes [18%]),
215 suffered acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), 489 survived, and 59
died. Patients
who had higher mean levels of glucose during their first week of hospitalization
were older and more likely to have a comorbidity and
abnormal laboratory markers, prolonged hospital stays, increased expenses, and greater
risks of severe pneumonia, ARDS, and death. Compared with
patients with the lowest quartile of glycemic fluctuation, those had
the highest quartile of fluctuation magnitude had an increased risk of ARDS (risk
ratio 1.97 [95% CI: 1.01, 4.04]) and mortality (hazard ratio 2.73 [95% CI: 1.06,
7.73]).

CONCLUSIONS— These results may have implications for optimizing glycemic control strategies
in COVID-19 patients during the early phase of hospitalization.
Impaired Activated/Memory Regulatory T Cell Clonal Expansion Instigates Diabetes in NOD Mice
Authors: Admin Ada , Mhanna Vanessa , Fourcade Gwladys , Barennes Pierre , Quiniou Valentin , Pham Hang P. , Ritvo Paul-Gydeon , Brimaud Faustine , Gouritin Bruno , Churlaud Guillaume , Six Adrien , Mariotti-Ferrandiz Encarnita , Klatzmann David
Published: January 2021

Regulatory T cell (Treg) insufficiency licenses the destruction of insulin-producing
pancreatic b cells by auto-reactive effector T cells
(Teffs), causing spontaneous autoimmune diabetes in non‑obese diabetic
(NOD) mice. We investigated the contribution to
diabetes of the TCR repertoires of naive regulatory T cells (nTregs),
activated/memory Tregs (amTregs), and CD4+ Teffs from prediabetic NOD mice and normal C57BL/6
(B6) mice. NOD mice amTreg and Teff repertoire diversity was unexpectedly
higher than that of B6 mice. This was due to the presence of highly expanded
clonotypes in B6 amTregs and Teffs that were largely lost in their NOD
counterparts. IL-2 administration to NOD mice restored such amTreg clonotype
expansions and prevented diabetes development. In contrast, IL-2 administration
only led to few or no clonotype expansions in nTregs and Teffs, respectively.
Noteworthily, IL-2 expanded amTreg
and nTreg clonotypes were markedly enriched in islet-antigen
specific TCRs. Altogether, our results highlight the link between a reduced clonotype
expansion within the activated Treg repertoire and the development of an
autoimmune disease. They also indicate that the repertoire of amTregs is
amenable to rejuvenation by IL-2.
Facing the Soprano: Uncovering a Feminist Performative “I” Through Autoethnography
Authors: Jenssen Runa Hestad
Published: January 2021

This article unpacks three auto-narratives drawn from my embodied experiences journeying from soprano to researcher. A feminist theoretical performative “I” is created through the use of performative autoethnography, a position of situated knowledge and Judith Butler’s thinking of gender as performative. I explore the query: How is a singer’s feminist performative I created through autoethnography? By unpacking my lived experiences I establish a connection between the I and the context I live in, referred to as “the Other”. This connection then illuminates how my voice has been constructed and disciplined to that of a normative feminine soprano by attaining and repeating actions from the social-culture context of singing. I also leverage off Butler’s thinking and how it may foreclose the attention to the materiality of the body, and lean into a performative embodied, new perspective. Embracing both the soprano and researcher role I create a position that brings me into a “liminal space”. I do this to better understand the intersection of music education and gender, the becoming of a researcher, researching with the “inside out”, and to embrace the material body’s actual contribution in (to) the web of meanings in the sociocultural context of singing. By carving out a connection between being a soprano and moving into my researcher voice, I offer this article as an expanded way of knowing – a knowing through being. In turn, such insights offer epistemological and ontological ways of thinking for those experiencing similar encounters.
Politics
Authors: Damrosch David
Published: January 2021

This chapter discusses the comparatists who reshaped the comparative literature in the United States during the 1950s and 1960s. It mentions Anna Balakian, who became a leading figure in both the American and International Comparative Literature Associations. It also describes Anna and her family's emigration in 1921 from Turkey to western Europe and eventually to the United States. The chapter analyzes how comparatists sought to change the world in the postwar years, a time of rapid expansion in higher education and optimism about America's role in fostering international cooperation and understanding. It also focuses on the need of politics of comparative studies to have a dual focus on institutional politics, a wider political scene, and a postcolonial perspective.
Languages
Authors: Damrosch David
Published: January 2021

This chapter recounts how René Étiemble became a fierce advocate for translation. It analyzes Étiemble's exuberant linguistic range in many of his works, such as Essais de littérature (vraiment) générale in “Sur quelques adaptations et imitations de haiku” where he quotes poems in Japanese, French, English, Italian, Spanish, Russian, Croatian, German, and modern Greek. It also highlights the importance of translation for the next generation of comparatists in Étiemble's edgy survey titled Comparaison n'est pas raison. The chapter explores the quality of literary translation that has steadily grown during the past several decades. It also addresses crucial and highly problematic questions of language with the rise of global English that leaves many literary scholars too comfortably ensconced within the imperium of English.
Conclusion
Authors: Damrosch David
Published: January 2021

This chapter points out the acceleration of globalization that had a major impact on making comparative literature a good setting to explore interests and concerns from the conflictual transformation of the world's economic and cultural landscape. It also discusses the increase in international communication and travel fostered by the internet and deregulated airfares that enables scholars to gather and critique neoliberalism. The chapter explains how postcolonial writing is thought and changed differently within world literature and analyzes the interactions between postcolonial and global or world literary studies. It looks into comparative studies that involve novel intersections of perspectives that can be seen in forward-looking work often pursued by comparatists. It also cites Jacob Edmond's “A Common Strangeness,” in which he examines globalization through case studies in experimental Chinese, Russian, and American poetry.
Structural Determinants of Poverty in the Savannah Region of Togo
Authors: Komlan Zomavo AGUEY Kpati
Published: January 2021

The region of Savanes remains the poorest region of Togo, despite several years of colonial and post-colonial public interventions. The persistence of this multidimensional poverty has led to various questions about the real determinants that seem to limit the results of these various interventions. A review of the available literature and statistical datas, the interviewsl and focus group conducted in 2017 provided key information’s that was triangulated. Subsequent analyzes and results obtained clearly showed that the question of poverty in this region is the result of two structural determinants.
     The first determinant was the theoretical approach, the theory of growth poles, which has supported public interventions in this region. This approach has made the region of Savanes, a rural or peripheral region without large production processing unit and structurally dependent for its development of large urban centers. The second structural determinant is the mutation of local actors in a cycle of new dependencies on non-state actors for solving their domestic problems and development.
HUBUNGAN KUTU DOMPOLAN DYSMICOCCUS BREVIPES (CKLL.) (HOMOPTERA : PSEUDOCOCCIDAE) DAN SEMUT API SOLENOPSIS SP. (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) PADA DUA CARA BERTANAM NENAS
Authors: Hasibuan Rosma
Published: January 2021

Association of mealybug, Dysmicoccus brevipes (Ckll.) (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae) and fire ant, Solenopsis sp. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) on two pineapple–planting patterns.  A pineapple mealybug, Dysmicoccus  brevipes (Ckll.)  (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae) is an important insect pest in major pineapple growing areas.  Its feeding activity causes damage on the pineapple plants and it can also transmit pineapple wilt virus.  The mealybugs are often found in association with fire ants, Solenopsis sp. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) that provide protection in exchange for the sweet honeydew liquid. The field study was conducted to determine the close association between  mealybugs and fire ants on  two plant row spacing (single and double row spacing) four different plant stages (3, 7, 11, and 17 months after planting). The  results indicated  that there was a significant correlation between the mealybugs and the fire ant on two pineapple-planting patterns, particularly on late growth periods (11, and 17 months after planting). In this field study, population of mealybugs on double row spacing were more abundant  (ranging from 0 to 25.67 bugs/plant) compared with that on single row spacing which ranged 0 to 3.67 bugs/plant. Moreover, general mean of population density of mealybugs (14.53 bugs/plant) on double row was significantly higher  than that on single row spacing (1.83 bugs/plant). In  line with this mealybug-population development, mean numbers of fire ants caught on baited-sticky traps were ranged from 0 to 8.53 ants/trap on single row versus 0 to 23.57 ants/trap on double row spacing pattern. The general mean number of captured ants (12.73 ants/trap) on double row was significantly higher compared with that on single row spacing (5.55 ants/trap). It appears that the patterns of population densities of mealybugs are closely related to that of fire ants that act as attendant species on two pineapple row spacing.
BIOLOGI DAN TRANSFORMASI BELALANG KEMBARA LOCUSTA MIGRATORIA MANILENSIS MEYEN (ORTHOPTERA: ACRIDIDAE) PADA BEBERAPA TINGKAT KEPADATAN POPULASI DI LABORATORIUM
Authors: Sudarsono Hamim , Hasibuan Rosma , Buchori Damayanti
Published: January 2021

Biology and Transformation of the Migratory Locust Locusta migratoria manilensis Meyen (Orthoptera: Acrididae) at Several Laboratory Population Density Levels.  The migratory locust, Locusta migratoria manilensis Meyen (Orthoptera: Acrididae) is one of insect pests in Indonesia that undergoes a unique polymorphic biology.  The locust develops a transformation phase which is triggered mainly by high population density.  Its recent outbreaks in several regions of Indonesia cause major concern and control strategies must be developed to strengthen control efforts in the future. Its unique polymorphic phenomenon, therefore, must be investigated thoroughly for the basis of management of the outbreak.  Due to its agility and its long range flying ability, the most realistic technique to study behavioral and morphological change of the locust is in controlled condition at a laboratory or a green house facility. The experiment was aimed to study effects of colony densities on the biology and transformation process of the migratory locust.  More specifically, the experiment was to study effects of population density on the feeding activity, mortality rate, and the ratio of F/C and E/F of the migratory locust L. migratoria manilensis.  The population densities were simulated in colonies at 2, 5, 10, 20, dan 30 couples per cage (cage size: 45x45x90 cm) reared in a green house. Results of the experiment show that, in general, higher densities of the migratory locust colonies tended to feed more rigorously than those of the less dense colonies.  The locust remained in solitary phase at the density of 2-5 couples per cage whereas the transient phase occured at the density of 10-20 couples per cage.  The colonies transformed to gregarious stage when their densities were 30 couples per cage or higher.  Mortality percentage tended to be higher at colonies with higher density, especially for the third instar of the migratory locust.
THE ISSUES ADJUDICATED DECISIONS ON TERMINATION OF CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS ON NON-REHABILITATING GROUNDS IN CIVIL PROCEEDINGS
Authors: ZAGORUIKO I.Yu. , EGOROV B.D.
Published: January 2021

In this article, the authors analyze the provisions of the Institute of prejudice in civil proceedings, concerning the issues of prejudice of judicial acts decided in criminal proceedings, and also highlight some of the problems arising in their application in judicial practice and possible solutions to such problems. The institution of prejudice in civil proceedings has undergone significant changes, including in terms of the list of law enforcement acts, which the legislator has given a pre-judicial value. At the same time, both in the scientific world and in law enforcement practice, the question remains open as to how to correctly assess the information contained in the decision to terminate a criminal case on non-rehabilitating grounds, if such a decision was made not at the judicial stage of criminal proceedings. This problem, in the opinion of authors is becoming increasingly important in light of the reform of the procedural legislation to ensure reasonable terms of consideration of civil disputes, as well as assist people are victims of crime with maximum support from the state in obtaining evidence of harm as a result of this wrongful act.
INTERFERENSI BAHASA INDONESIA SEBAGAI BAGIAN DARI RUMPUN BAHASA AUSTRONESIA
Authors:   Magister Pendidikan Bahasa Indonesia Pascasarjana Universitas Pasundan, Fitriani Rani Siti , Nabila Riva
Published: January 2021

Perubahan sosial budaya di masyarakat membawa perubahan pada perkembangan bahasa Indonesia sebagai bagian dari rumpun bahasa Austronesia. Interferensi bahasa Indonesia merupakan salah satu bentuk dari perkembangan bahasa Austronesia yang terjadi pada penutur bilingual atau multilingual dalam masyarakat heterogen. Interferensi dipengaruhi oleh tiga usur yaitu, bahasa sumber, bahasa resipien, dan importasi. Penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan interferensi bahasa Indonesia ditinjau dari gejala bahasa. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah interferensi Weinreich (1968) dan teori tentang akar melayu Mahayana (2010). Data kebahasaan yang dijadikan sumber penelitian ini diperoleh dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa, wawancara, simak, Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa interferensi dalam bahasa Indoenesia sebagai bagian dari rumpun bahasa Austronesia terdiri dari bentukan kata seperti penghilangan fonem dan penambahan fonem.
UNITED STATES: A REVIEW OF THE US MIDDLE EAST POLICY FROM HARRY TRUMAN TO BILL CLINTON
Authors: RACHED Kardo , ABDULRAHMAN Salam
Published: January 2021

Since the Second World War, the Middle East has been mentioned in connection with the national interest of America manifested by US presidents. This paper looks at the US foreign policy in the Middle East from Truman to Clinton on the premise that the US foreign policy has contributed to creating a breeding ground for dissatisfaction toward the US In this context, the paper focuses on the doctrines in use from the time of President Truman to Clinton. Thus, every American president has a doctrine, and this doctrine tells what political line the president follows regarding domestic and foreign policies. Keywords: Middle-East, Israel, US national interest, Soviet Union, Natural resources, ideologies.
AUTHOR'S STYLE OF J. K. ROWLING
Authors: Lahutik Anastasiia , Korolova Tetiana
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the author’s style of Joan Rowling. The
relevance of the study lies in the fact that despite the large number of studies on
the analysis of the author’s style of Joan Rowling, relatively few scientific works
are devoted, which determines the relevance of the study. The purpose of the study
is to analyze the idiosyncrasy of Joan Rowling, the task of the study is to analyze
the theoretical foundations of the concept of the author’s individual style, to consider the linguistic means of its expression. Research methods include analysis,
synthesis, generalization, definition analysis, component analysis. The content
of the study includes an analysis of the theoretical foundations of the concept of
individual style of the author, an empirical study of the means of actualization
of stylistic devices in the works of the author. The work clarifies the concept of
author’s style is understood as a set of cultural and expressive means that perform
an aesthetic function and distinguish the language of an individual writer among
others. The analysis of the research material provided an opportunity to come
to the following conclusions: the main components of the individual style of the
writer are the composition of the work, theme, artistic content, temporal color,
richness of the author’s language, as well as stylistic factors; An important place
is given to the author’s worldview and his ability to reflect the relevant cognitive, emotional and linguistic and cultural components in language units, which
are aimed at strengthening the pragmatic influence of the text on the reader. It
is worth noting that the formation of the individual style of J. Rawlings is also
influenced by the era, its socio-historical conditions, and so on. The results of the
study showed that culturally expressive means include a wide range. Among the
most commonly used means of creating a literary text are metaphor, comparison,
hyperbole, epithets, metaphorical epithets, irony, antithesis, and so on.
LINGUISTIC AND PRAGMATIC ASPECT OF TRANSLATION OF ENGLISH MEDICAL TV-SERIES INTO UKRAINIAN
Authors: Savich Tetiana , Shapoval Anna , Velychenko Olena
Published: January 2021

The research is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the lingvo-pragmatic aspect of translation and is presented on the example of an English-language television series of medical focus called “House, M. D.” and its translation, analysis of various types of transformations, definition of the specifics of
the translation and its sequence. The relevance of the topic presented is based
on the need for a detailed study of the lexical, grammatical, syntactic, extralinguistic, paralinguistic features of the translation of English-language films.
This topic is important for both Ukrainian and foreign translators, because it is
necessary to know the basic subtleties and unforeseen situations in the translation process in order to overcome them as best as possible and achieve a highquality and adequate result. Also, the relevance of this topic contributes to the
improvement of the level of professional activity of both interpreters and translators.
The aim of the study is to evolve the specifics of the use of translation aids
and translation operations for adequate reproduction of English-language medical films.
The studied type of the text is characterized, certain difficulties in translation
are highlighted, the difference between the texts of the English and Ukrainian
languages from a grammatical point of view, lexical inequality are noted, various
ways of revealing emotionality and expressiveness as an auxiliary tool of human
communication are noted. The expediency of using translation transformations
has been determined and the most common of them are quantitatively presented.
TACTICS AND OPERATIONS IN ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS OF UKRAINIAN FOLK TALES
Authors: Savchenko Yevheniia , Kosiuha Oleksandra
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to the problems and difficulties that arise in the process
of translating Ukrainian folk tales into English. Particular attention is paid to
the translation of spatio-temporal categories, as they are an integral part of the
linguistic picture of the world of each nation, which is reflected in their folklore.
The problem of interpretation of the philosophical categories “space” and “time”
has a long history. Different researchers have interpreted them differently, building their theories in philosophy, physics, mathematics, linguistics. This problem
is not solved today in any of these areas of knowledge, so it is relevant and needs
further study. In addition, the transfer of national identity of the original text is
still not a simple but interesting task for translators, because the question of the
nature, types of realities and methods of their translation remain to be open. Every translator must be able to apply the full range of linguistic and extralinguistic
knowledge to translate the national color of the original during translation.
The aim of the work is to analyze translation tactics and operations in English translations of Ukrainian folk tales.
The research was carried out on the material of Ukrainian folk tales “The
brother, the sister and the Devil Dragon”, “Ivanko, Tsar of the beasts”, “The
poor man and his sons”, “Ivan-not-a-stitch-on and his brother”, “Ivan the
dragon killer”, “The seven brothers — seven ravens and their sister”, “Ivan the
bohatyr”, “Ivan the peasant’s son”, and their translation by Irina Zheleznova.
We divided each of the selected fairy tales into three parts (in order to simplify the analysis of the text): initial, medial and final. In each of these parts,
topographic and chronological formulas were identified. Then, by a comparative
analysis, we determined the tactics and translation operations, which the translator used during her translation into English.
On translating the all fairy tales into English, the translator used the strategy of communicatively equivalent translation. For this, the translator used the
tactics of transferring relevant information, the tactics of pragmatic adaptation of
the text, the tactics of reproducing the stylistic textual characteristics, the tactics
of correct information formatting and the tactics of reproducing the formal-structural textual characteristics.
More often, fairy tales were translated by using an equivalent match search.
LANGUAGE CODE OF PERCEPTION OF SCIENTIFIC TEXT IN THE COMMUNICATIVE ACT OF THE AUTHOR AND RECIPIENT
Authors: Hrushko Svitlana
Published: January 2021

The article discusses the features of the activities of an author and recipient
at different stages of the communication process in the perception of a scientific
text. Studies of the peculiar influence of the language code on the perception of
information in the context of the communicative act of the author of the message
and the recipient in the modern information society are among the most relevant
nowadays.
Creation of a scientific and technical message and its publication are aimed
at effective perception of information and achieving a certain linguistic influence
of the author of the message on the consciousness of the recipient through the
display of the peculiarities of the author's way of thinking.
The beginning of scientific communication is the need for certain information
of recipients. The response to this need is the proposal of necessary information
by the author. The information needs of the recipients form the subject matter and
content of scientific and technical communication. The author of the scientific
message chooses the most convenient way and channel for the transfer of information to the recipient, and the recipient searches for the necessary information
in the most optimal way and channel.
The coding of the message usually corresponds to the coding of the informational need of the recipient. The context of the informational message
for the author includes the main purpose of creating the message, and for the
recipient, the satisfaction of the informational need. For the author, the text
is a way of transmitting the message, and for the recipient, it is a source of
information.
The linguistic activity of the author is focused on the effective satisfaction of
consumers’ information needs and on achieving a certain influence on the consciousness of the recipient. The main means of communication is the language
of the message of scientific and technical orientation, which expresses its main
content, semantic content, logical structure of the information component, which
facilitates the process of decoding and assimilation of the message.
The structure of a scientific and technical text depends on the genre and target audience. The genre can be viewed as a way of influencing the recipient's
consciousness.
MEANS OF REPRESENTATION OF NON-VERBAL ELEMENTS OF SPEECH ETIQUETTE IN THE TRANSLATION OF BUSINESS DISCOURSE
Authors: Derik Ilona , Chebanenko Kateryna
Published: January 2021

The article is dedicated to the study of the non-verbal communicative means
in the aspect of translation, in particular strategies, tactics and devices of rendering
non-verbal elements of speech ethiquette while translating business discourse. The
theoretical grounding for the article was formed by the works by Ukrainian and
foreign scholars in the field of intercultural communication. In the course of the research there have been investigated the peculiarities of the structure, semantics and
functioning of the non-verbal elements of speech ethiquette. It has been proved that
the incorrect interpretation of gestures, poses, look, clothes by the representatives of
different cultures may result not only in the cultural and communicative barrier but
also in the total failure. The research has been carried out on the basis of the scripts
of business talks and conferences in English and their Ukrainian translations.
It has been revealed that the dominant strategy in rendering non-verbal
communicative means in translating English business discourse into Ukrainian
is the strategy of re-addressing, relying on which the translator chooses translation tactics and devices.The choice of the strategy is connected with the relevance
of the achievement of the communicative goal of the audience’s persuasion in
this type of discourse. The leading role among the tactics is given to the tactic of
rendering relevant information, tactic of liguistic and cukltureal adaptation and
tactic of correct information presentation. The most recurrent translation devices
are descriptive translation and contextual replacement. The perspective is seen in
the more detailed analysis of each variety of non-verbal communicative means in
the aspect of their rendering in translation into other languages.
CREATING EFFECTIVENESS OF NUTRITION POLICY IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM IN SUBANG REGENCY
Authors: Kusnadi Iwan Henri
Published: January 2021

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the nutrition improvement program policy in Subang Regency. This study uses a qualitative descriptive research method through observation and interviews, literature study, and documentation. Data triangulation and obtained from key informants directly and relevant to the problem under study are sources of data. The results showed that the policy program for improving Subang Regency nutrition has been running but has not been effective, including several factors such as limited human resources who manage the program. The availability of additional food for infants and toddlers is still insufficient. For this reason, it needs to be considered so that the program can be carried out properly following the stated objectives. The government needs to pay more attention to the adequacy of nutrition workers. To provide maximum service to the community. The implementation of nutrition improvement programs must be more activated, maintained continuously, and improved communication and socialization, built both cross-program and cross-sectoral to reduce malnutrition cases. Procedures for handling cases of malnutrition. It is hoped that the procedure for referring children suffering from malnutrition can be faster so that children can be treated quickly, and their nutritional condition can quickly improve
MODEL PENGEMBANGAN DAN POTENSI AGROWISATA KAMPER BERBASIS DATA ARKEOLOGIS DAN SEJARAH DI BARUS
Authors: Alnoza Muhamad
Published: January 2021

Kamper adalah komoditas rempah yang amat dikenal bagi dunia internasional di masa lampau. Minyak dari getahnya yang harum membuatnya diburu oleh pelbagai pedagang di dunia. Barus sebagai kota pesisir di barat Sumatera adalah penghasil kamper terbaik. Namun, saat ini keberadaan kamper menjadi langka. IUCN (International Union for the Conservation Nature and Natural Resources) menyebutkan bahwa kamper saat ini telah memasuki masa yang amat kritis dan bahkan terancam punah. Tulisan ini membahas soal pengembangan agrowisata berbasis data arkeologis dan sejarah di Barus sebagai bentuk upaya pelestarian kamper serta pengembangan perekonomian daerah yang berkelanjutan. Tulisan ini secara lebih jelas mengangkat masalah akan model agrowisata yang seperti apa yang hendak dikembangkan di Barus beserta dengan potensi yang menyertainya. Dalam menjawab masalah tersebut, digunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Proses yang pertama dilakukan adalah dengan mendeskripsikan potensi agrowisata berupa data  arkeologis serta sejarah yang berhubungan dengan Barus beserta kampernya. Setelah itu, dilakukan analisis terhadap model agrowisata yang hendak dikembangjkan. Pada akhirnya dibuat kesimpulan mengenai potensi data sejarah serta arkeologis dari Barus serta model yang digunakan dalam pengembangan agrowisata di Barus.
La carrera de velocidad en personas con discapacidad visual
Authors: Torralba Miguel Ángel , Padullés José María , Braz Vieira Marcelo , Olson Helena
Published: January 2021

El presente estudio buscó identificar las diferencias que se observan en las carreras de velocidad realizadas por atletas con discapacidad visual. Para ello se recogieron los datos de 39 atletas ciegos de 24 países que participaron en los 100 metros de los Juegos Paralímpicos en Beijing 2008. Los datos extraídos permiten valorar el tiempo de carrera(s), velocidad media (m/s), número de pasos, frecuencia media (Hz), tiempo medio de paso(s) y amplitud media de paso (m), realizando un estudio comparativo con personas sin discapacidad. Se recogieron las grabaciones del Centro de audiovisuales del Comité Paralímpico en Beijing (DVD), siendo los datos tratados con el paquete estadístico SPSS (21.0). Entre los resultados, destacar la importancia que tienen la longitud de paso y la frecuencia, donde los atletas ciegos muestran un resultado inferior en el primer parámetro, resaltando como muy positivo la casi nula diferencia existente en la reacción de la salida de tacos.
Diferencias entre jugadores de fútbol, baloncesto y tenis de mesa en la capacidad de salto vertical y horizontal
Authors: Picabea JM , Yanci J
Published: January 2021

Los objetivos de este estudio fueron analizar las diferencias existentes en la capacidad de salto vertical y horizontal en función del deporte practicado (futbol, baloncesto y tenis de mesa) y determinar si existía algún tipo de relación entre las capacidades de salto horizontal y vertical. 37 deportistas de 16-18 años (16 jugadores de fútbol, 11 de baloncesto y 10 de tenis de mesa) fueron evaluados en la capacidad de salto vertical y horizontal, tanto bilateral como unilateral. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en la capacidad de salto vertical, pero si en la capacidad de salto horizontal, siendo los jugadores de baloncesto los que más saltaban. Se encontró una correlación significativa entre el salto horizontal y vertical a dos piernas (r = 0,724, p < 0,01). A pesar de los resultados obtenidos, son necesarios más estudios donde se analicen las diferencias en la capacidad de salto horizontal entre distintos deportes con el fin de corroborar los resultados obtenidos.
La alternativa de los EXERGAMES en la mejora de la calidad de vida de la tercera edad
Authors: Cabrera-Fernández A , Chacón-Cuberos R , Castro-Sánchez M
Published: January 2021

Actualmente vivimos en una sociedad claramente condicionada por el alcance de las nuevas tecnologías. Asimismo, el significativo aumento del número de nuestros mayores constituye otra característica que la determina. Esta situación plantea la necesidad de propuestas que promuevan la calidad de vida y bienestar en la tercera edad. Para ello, se ha realizado una revisión bibliográfica considerando el ámbito de la actividad física, el cual se concretada como una de las bazas más importantes a tratar para lograr ese objetivo; y el papel que pueden jugar las nuevas tecnologías en él, concretamente los «Exergames». Por ello, y con el fin de buscar alternativas para la mejora de la salud en la  tercera edad, este estudio pretende poner en relieve la utilización de las nuevas tecnologías con dicha meta. En este sentido, se destaca el uso de los videojuegos activos, una tecnología que lleva en auge desde hace algún tiempo, con la cual nuestros mayores podrán no solo mejorar su condición física y mental, sino su calidad de vida de forma global
Beneficios del entrenamiento vibratorio en el sistema neuromuscular de los adultos mayores
Authors: Palop-Montoro MV , Arteaga-Checa M , Lozano-Aguilera E , Párraga-Montilla JA
Published: January 2021

Introducción: El entrenamiento vibratorio puede ser una opción de intervención óptima para prevenir la pérdida de masa muscular en adultos mayores. Objetivo: Comprobar la efectividad del entrenamiento vibratorio en el sistema neuromuscular de los adultos mayores.Material y método: Revisión bibliográfica en las bases de datos Medline, CINAHL, WOS y PEDro, mediante la combinación de los descriptores del Medical Subjects Headings referentes a entrenamiento vibratorio, fuerza muscular, masa muscular y personas mayores. Resultados: Los estudios localizados sobre el entrenamiento vibratorio en personas mayores se realizaron, bien como única intervención, o en combinación con otro tipo de ejercicios de fuerza, aeróbicos,  de equilibrio o de flexibilidad. La diversidad de protocolos empleados dificulta una comparación entre estudios.Conclusión: El entrenamiento con plataformas vibratorias demuestra ser un método de entrenamiento de la fuerza seguro, adecuado y eficaz para la población de mayor edad, pero con resultados similares al ejercicio de resistencia convencional.
Relación entre la capacidad de aceleración, cambio de dirección y salto horizontal en atletas jóvenes
Authors: Yanci J , Castillo D , Vizcay JJ , Iturricastillo A
Published: January 2021

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la asociación existente entre la capacidad de aceleración en línea recta, la capacidad de cambiar de dirección (CODA) y la capacidad de salto horizontal (SH) en jóvenes atletas. En este estudio participaron un total de 264 jóvenes atletas de entre 8 y 16 años (10,2 ± 2,6 años; 37,5 ± 11,7 kg; 1,4 ± 0,1 m, 17,7 ± 2,4 kg·m-2). Se evaluó la capacidad de aceleración en línea recta en los test de 5 y 15 m, la CODA en el test 505 (505) y en el modified agility test (MAT) y la capacidad de SH con contra movimiento (HCMJ) y manos libres (HCMJAS). La asociación entre la capacidad de aceleración en 5 m y los test de CODA (505: r = 0,54, p < 0,01 y MAT: r = 0,62, p < 0,01) o salto horizontal (HCMJ: r = -0,64, p < 0,01 y HCMJAS: r = -0,67, p > 0,05) fue más consistente que la asociación entre la aceleración en 15 m y los test de CODA o SH. La asociación entre el test MAT y el SH (HCMJ: r = -0,73, p < 0,01 y HCMJAS: r = -0,74, p < 0,01) fue mayor que la relación observada entre el 505 y el HCMJ (r = -0,63, p < 0,01) o el HCMJAS (r = -0,61, p < 0,01). El tipo, la duración y la naturaleza de los test de campo utilizados, condicionan las asociaciones observadas entre las distintas habilidades motoras.
PROSES PENCAPAIAN KEBERMAKNAAN HIDUP PENYANDANG TUNA DAKSA KARENA KECELAKAAN
Authors: Nafi Aliyya Irsalina , Agustin Rin Widya , Agustina Laelatus Syifa Sari
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran bagaimana penyandang tuna daksa karena kecelakaan memilih, menggunakan, dan menghayati kekuatan non-fisik dalam menjalani kehidupan penuh penderitaan hingga meraih kebahagiaan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif fenomenologis dengan subjek penelitian tiga orang tuna daksa yang kehilangan fungsi tubuhnya karena kecelakaan yang dialami minimal lima tahun yang lalu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masing-masing subjek memiliki makna hidup berbeda-beda yang menjadi kekuatan dalam menjalani penderitaan hidup. Hasrat menjalankan peribadatan dan upaya penerimaan diri besar mengarahkan individu pada pencapaian kebermaknaan hidup.
THE USE OF SIMULATION MODELING TO OPTIMIZE THE OPERATION OF AN INPATIENT EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT IN A MULTIDISCIPLINARY HOSPITAL IN THE CONTEXT OF RE-PROFILING A MEDICAL INSTITUTION TO RECEIVE PATIENTS WITH A NEW CORONAVIRUS INFECTION
Authors: Teplov V. M. , Tsebrovskaya E. A. , Komedev S. S. , Kolomoitsev V. V. , Karpova E. A. , Belash V. A. , Bagnenko S. F.
Published: January 2021

This article presents the experience of the practical application of simulation modeling on the example of a model of an inpatient emergency department in working with a new coronavirus infection.
PROFESSIONAL RISKS TO HEALTH OF THE PERSONNEL OF EXIT BRIGADES OF SERVICE OF THE FIRST HELP
Authors: Krasovskij V. O. , Karamova L. M. , Basharova G. R.
Published: January 2021

Clause analyzes the reasons of professional risks for health of the personnel of exit brigades of the first help. Clinical and hygienic researches in regional substation of a megacity have shown that in labour activity of these workers it is necessary to consider as leading professional harm action of transport vibration. The given circumstance and other reasons provide professional risks of development of illnesses of cardiovascular, bone-muscular system, a gastroenteric path. The interdepartmental complex of actions on improvement of operating conditions of the exit personnel is offered.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MODELING A THREE-LEVEL SYSTEM OF EMERGENCY MEDICAL CARE IN VARIOUS CONSTITUENT ENTITIES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Teplov V. M. , Tsebrovskaya E. A. , Alimov R. R. , Ihaev A. В. , Kitsun S. V. , Zabelina I. V. , Bagnenko S. F.
Published: January 2021

This article presents the experience of using simulation modeling for planning the organization of a threelevel system of emergency medical care in various constituent entities of the Russian Federation. An analysis of the work of the emergency service was carried out and various approaches to optimizing the provision of emergency assistance in the regions were considered.
جماليات التكرار التشكيلى المعدنى كمدخل لإثراء وإستدامة المشغولة المعدنية
Authors: الجمل أشجان
Published: January 2021

حينما يتلألأ ذهن الفنان وتتفتق قريحته بطاقات الطبيعة ومظاهرها الساحرة الجمال وينمو حسه العقلى والوجدانى وتعزف أنامله بما صورته عدسته بكل سمفونيات ومعانى الجمال الطبيعى ، ومايشمله من زهور رقراقة ونباتات فواحة ورواسى شامخات وطيراً صافات لتحمل كل إيقاعات الطبيعة وتكرارتها ، وحركاتها ، وإنسجاماتها ، ولنغماتها ، ونظمها البنائية لتسبح داخل عقله ونفسه متفاعلاً معها بنمو إدركه العقلى ومفاهمه وأفكاره ، وإستقبال ما تطرحة عليه الطبيعة لتصتبغ بها رؤيته الجمالية وليعكسها على إبتكاراته وفنونه التي ينتجها بطرق تلقائية أو مقصودة أو كلاهما معاً . قد تكون الأشياء التي نراها في الطبيعة تشغل وتحفز خيالنا مما ينتج عنه إدراكاً بصرياً وفكرياً للمدخلات البصرية والعقلية التي تطرأ على الذهن فتتبلور بداخله وتخرج في صورة إبداعات جمالية وتشكيلية لتصميم وتشكيل أعمال فنية إنعكاسا لما شاهدته العين من نظم الطبيعة التكرارية والإيقاعية والحركية وغيرها من النظم ، والتكرار أحد مناقب الجمال البارزة في كل ما يدور حول الإنسان في صيرورة الحياة ، و مصدر دال على المبالغة والتأكيد والتكثير والإعادة في الظواهر الطبيعية الكونية الماثلة بوضوح في تكرار دوران الأفلاك وظهور النجوم والكواكب وإختفائها ، بل يمكن القول أن الكون كله قائم على ما يسمى فكرة العود الأبدى ( التكرار الأبدى ) وهى نظرية ترى أن الكون وكل والوجود والطاقة تتكرر ، وسوف تواصل التكرار في شكل مماثل لذاته وبعدد لا نهائي من المرات عبر زمان أو مكان لا نهائي . ومن منطلق هذا المنظور الرائع للكون وإبداعاته من خلال النظم التكرارية فيه ، تستقى الباحثة أفكاراها وإبداعاتها من خلال جماليات التكرار فى الطبيعة بل وتنهل من زخرفها وزينتها كل مقومات الجمال الفني لعمل مشغولات معدنية ذات طابع خاص ونظراً لما تراه الباحثة من قلة التعددية الإبتكارية لدى المتعلم للفن ، وجدت أن الإستفادة من جماليات التكرار والتكرار التشكيلى المعدنى تعمق التفكير الإبتكارى التعددى وتشجع على التأمل المستمر في جماليات الطبيعة وما تزخر به من نظم كونية إبداعية تعمل على تدريب ملكة العقل والبصر على إنتقاء كل ماهو جميل ومبدع دائماً ، بل وإستمرارية الإبداع التشكيلى اللانهائى في العمل الفني . إن أعظم دور للفن هو الإقتراب في إبداعاته من الجمال الطبيعى ، وتعد وظيفة الفن هو صنع الجمال وتذوقة ، وإذا ما ابتعد الفن عن هذه الوظيفة الجمالية له لايسمى فناً ، لأنه يبتعد عن العمل الأساسى له ، فهذا الفن موكل بالجمال والتذوق والإبداع والفنون التشكيلية من أجمل الفنون التي دأبت على تحقيق مبدأ الإستدامة في جميع طياتها للوقوف على مبادئ التشكيل المستدام ، وبإلقاء الضوء على دراسة جماليات التكرار وأنواعة المختلفة والتكرار التشكيلى المعدنى كإحدى الجوانب التدريبية والممارسية لبعض التقنيات وأساليب التشكيل المختلفة التي تنمى لدى المتعلم للفن التعددية الإبتكارية في التشكيل وأساليب الأداء في إنتاج المشغولة المعدنية المستدامة