bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cantharidin and sodium fluoride attenuate the negative inotropic effects of carbachol in the isolated human atrium
Authors: Schwarz Rebecca , Hofmann Britt , Gergs Ulrich , Neumann Joachim
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Carbachol, an agonist at muscarinic receptors, exerts negative inotropic effects in human atrium. Carbachol can activate protein phosphatases (PP1 or PP2A). We hypothesized that cantharidin or sodium fluoride, inhibitors of PP1 and PP2A, might attenuate negative inotropic effects of carbachol.
Methods: During bypass-surgery trabeculae carneae human atrial preparations (HAP) were obtained. These trabeculae were mounted in organ baths and electrically stimulated (1 Hz). Force of contraction was measured under isometric conditions. For comparison, we studied isolated electrically stimulated left atrial preparations (LA) from mice.
Results: 100 µM cantharidin and 3 mM sodium fluoride increased force of contraction in LA (n = 5-8, p < 0.05) by 113 % ± 24.5 % and by 100 % ± 38.2 % and in HAP (n = 13-15, p < 0.05 ) by 625 % ± 169 % and by 196 % ± 23.5 %, respectively. Carbachol 1 µM alone exerted a rapid transient maximum negative inotropic in LA (n = 6) and HAP (n = 14) to 46.9 % ± 3.63 % and 19.4 % ± 3.74 %, respectively (p < 0.05). These negative inotropic effects were smaller in LA (n = 4-6) and HAP (n = 9-12) pretreated with 100 µM cantharidin and amounted to 58.0 % ± 2.27 % and 59.2 % ± 6.19 % or 3 mM sodium fluoride to 63.7 % ± 9.84 % and 46.3 % ± 5.69 %, (p<0.05).
Conclusion: We suggest that carbachol, in part, exerts a negative inotropic effect in the human atrium by putatively stimulating the enzymatic activity of PP1 and/or PP2A.
Cannabidiol in the dorsal hippocampus attenuates emotional and cognitive impairments related to neuropathic pain: role of prelimbic neocortex-hippocampal connections
Authors: Medeiros Ana Carolina , Medeiros Priscila , Pigatto Glauce Regina , Coimbra Norberto Cysne , de Freitas Renato Leonardo
Published: April 2023

Background and Purpose

Chronic neuropathic pain (NP) is commonly associated with cognitive and emotional impairments. Cannabidiol (CBD) presents a broad spectrum of action with a potential analgesic effect. This work investigates the CBD effect on comorbidity between chronic NP, depression, and memory impairment.

Experimental Approach

The connection between the neocortex and the hippocampus was investigated with biotinylated dextran amine (BDA) deposits in the prelimbic cortex (PrL). Wistar rats were submitted to chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve and CA1-treatment with CBD (15, 30, 60 nmol).

Key Results

BDA-labeled were found in CA1 and dentate gyrus. CCI-induced mechanical and cold allodynia increased c-Fos protein expression in the PrL and CA1. The number of astrocytes in PrL and CA1 increased, and the number of neuroblasts decreased in CA1. The CCI animals showed increasing depressive-like behaviors, such as memory impairment. CBD (60 nmol) treatment decreased mechanical and cold allodynia, attenuated depressive-associated behaviors, and improved memory performance. Cobalt chloride (CoCl2: 1 nM), WAY-100635 (0.37 nmol), and AM251 (100 nmol) intra-PrL reversed the CBD (60 nmol) effect intra-CA1, both in nociceptive, cognitive, and depressive behaviors.

Conclusion

CBD represents a promising therapeutic perspective in the pharmacological treatment of chronic NP and associated comorbidities such as depression and memory impairments. The CBD effects possibly recruit the CA1-PrL pathway, inducing neuroplasticity. CBD acute treatment into the PrL cortex produces functional, molecular, and morphological improvements.
Motion characteristics of vertically loaded anchor during drag embedment in layered clay
Authors:   Key Laboratory of Far-shore Wind Power Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 311122, China, Wang Bin , Jiao Yuqi , Qiao Dongsheng , Gao Shan , Li Tianfei , Ou Jinping ,   Powerchina Huadong Engineering Corporation Limited, Hangzhou 311122, China,   State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
Published: April 2023

As a widely used taut-wire mooring system for deepwater platforms, the Vertically Loaded Anchor (VLA) has better performance in bearing capacity, angle adaptability, and deepwater installation than other systems. However, the installation process of the VLA and its motion characteristics are significantly impacted by multi-layered seabed soil. In this paper, the coupled Eulerian‒Lagrangian (CEL) large deformation finite element analysis method has been applied to analyse the continuous penetration of a VLA in nonuniform clay with an interbedded stiff layer. A detailed parametric study has been carried out to explore the trajectory, drag angle, movement direction and drag force of the VLA in layered clay with different embedded depths, thicknesses and undrained shear strength of the stiff layer. The CEL numerical analysis results have been validated by comparison with the analytical solutions from the inverse catenary equation. Excellent agreement has been obtained between the results from the CEL analyses and the analytical solutions. The stiff layer leads to concave and convex shapes on the trend lines of the movement direction angle and drag forces, respectively. The embedded depth of the stiff layer determines where the concave and convex shapes appear on the trend lines, while the thickness affects the sizes of the openings of the shapes. The most decisive parameter, an abrupt variation in the undrained shear strength, causes predominant rotation at the interface of layered clay. It diminishes the final embedment depth and ultimate stable drag force, meaning that the bearing capacity of the VLA severely declined in layered clay.
Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of Mitragynine in Kratom (Mitragyna Speciosa) by GC-MS, LC-MS/MS and UPLC-PDA
Authors: Casey Christine R. , Conley Thomas , Heise Andrea , Thomas Terri , Ayres Patrick R.
Published: April 2023

In 2011, emergency rooms on theWest Coast had patients showing up with opiate/heroin withdrawal symptoms from Kratom. Mitragyna speciosa, or Korth (Thai name Kratom; Rubiaceae) is a medical plant native to Thailand and other Southeast Asian countries and is presently illegal in Thailand and other European countries [1]. In the United States, Kratom is readily available via the internet and local retail stores.The leaves of Mitragyna speciosa consist of two primary active alkaloids: Mitragynine 66.2%, and 7 -hydroxy-7H-mitragynine 2.0%, and three indole alkaloids: Paynantheine 8.6%, Speciogynine 6.6%, and Speciociliatine 0.8%. Since mitragynine is one of the major constituent of Kratom, mitragynine is used as the marker compound for the identification and quantitation of Kratom in a variety of products.This study describes methodology for the qualitative identification and quantitation of Kratom in dierent types of products such as but not limited to: powders, liquids, and spent-leaf materials. A quick methanolic based extraction procedure was used in combination with two instrument techniques: 1) GC/MS and/or LC-MS/MS for the initial screening and spectral confirmation of mitragynine in Kratom and quantitation via UPLC/PAD; 2) LC-MS/MS. Two dierent mass spectrometry systems were employed for confirmation/quantitation to permit flexibility within the regulatory laboratory for sample analysis.A mitragynine solvent standard was used for the comparative identification of Kratom and quantitation was reported based on the level of mitragynine in the product tested. Due to the low concentration of the mitragynine stock standard (100 mug/mL) and the high level of mitragynine in the products tested, traditional spiking of the standard via a wet/dry spike into a negative control was not feasible. Solvent based calibrationcurves were used for the quantitation of mitragynine in Kratom by UPLC/PDA and LC-MS/MS. Validation was performed by characterizing a Kratom product purchased via the internet. This positive control was extracted seven times over three days and analyzed by all three analytical techniques: GC/MS, LC-MS/MS and UPLC/PDA. The UPLC/PDA data demonstrated a mean value of 1.041% (n=21, 4.2%) and the LC-MS/MS 1.140% (n=14, 6.81%) for mitragynine in the positive control. This positive control was extracted and analyzed in duplicate with every analytical batch.https://doi.org/10.21423/jrs-v03n02p001 (DOI assigned 8/7/2019)
Controlling superfluid flows using dissipative impurities
Authors: Will Martin , Marino Jamir , Ott Herwig , Fleischhauer Michael
Published: April 2023

We propose and analyze a protocol to create and control the superfluid flow in a one dimensional, weakly interacting Bose gas by noisy point contacts. Considering first a single contact in a static or moving condensate, we identify three different dynamical regimes: I. a linear response regime, where the noise induces a coherent flow in proportion to the strength of the noise, II. a Zeno regime with suppressed currents, and III. a regime of continuous soliton emission. Generalizing to two point contacts in a condensate at rest we show that noise tuning can be employed to control or stabilize the superfluid transport of particles along the segment which connects them.
Relationship between marketing strategy and profitability in industrial firms: Evidence from Jordan
Authors: Fawzi Shubita Mohammad
Published: April 2023

A marketing strategy is a firm’s overall plan for reaching prospective consumers and turning them into permanent customers of their services or products. This paper aims to investigate the link between profitability and marketing strategy to understand how firm profitability influences marketing strategy. Moreover, it assesses the impact of return on assets (ROA) on the company’s marketing strategy. The study uses random effect regression models; a marketing strategy is measured using a sales expenses ratio, which equals sales expenses over total assets. The firm size is a control variable represented by the total sales normal logarithm. The study sample comprises Jordanian industrial shareholder companies; the analysis period is from 2005 to 2020. The study collected 808 annual observations. The findings reveal that ROA has a statistically significant effect on marketing strategy, but its components have no effect. The adj-R2 (the explanatory power) for model 1 is 18.8%, and for model 2 is 11.4%. Therefore, the main conclusion is that ROA components do not have any incremental information content in explaining the marketing strategy variance. The study recommends industrial firms in Jordan increase their profitability by adopting a diverse marketing strategy, focusing on customer satisfaction, investing in market research, using social media, and developing a strong brand image.
Voltammetric Study on the Electrowinning of Cobalt in the Presence of Additives
Authors: de Castro Danielle , dos Santos Iranildes , Mansur Marcelo , Dutra Achilles
Published: April 2023

Cobalt electrowinning is an intensive energy-consuming process, and allied to the increasing demand for pure cobalt, has led to the need for optimization. Based on a statistical approach, the effects of additives, including sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), boric acid (H3BO3), and cobalt chloride (CoCl2) on the current efficiency of electrowinning have been studied using the cyclic voltammetry (CV). CV tests indicated the concentration range of the more appropriate additives to be used in the factorial design study of electrowinning. Regarding the electrowinning tests, the addition of 0.05 g L-1 SLS, 10 g L-1 H3BO3, 50 g L-1 Na2SO4, and 1 g L-1 CoCl2 led to a current efficiency of 96% and energy consumption of 1.95 kWh kg-1, along with a smooth metallic deposit without evident pits and other defects. SLS in its higher concentration level led to the formation of compact structures, while the higher concentration level of H3BO3, lightens the deposits.
Gelation Behavior of Polyacrylamide-Polyethyleneimine: Effects of Diethylenetriamine and Glycerol Addition
Authors: Marques Nívia , de Morais Stéphanie , da Câmara Paulo , de Souza Elessandre , Balaban Rosangela
Published: April 2023

Polymer gel systems find applications in diverse areas, ranging from contact lenses to agriculture and oil production. In general, polyacrylamide (PAM) gels are produced by reaction with metallic (low temperatures) and organic (high temperatures) crosslinking agents. In this paper, given crescent environmental concerns, polyethyleneimine (PEI), an organic reactant, was chosen as the crosslinker of PAM, at 65 ºC. The effects of using a solution of water/glycerol as the solvent for preparing the gels and the addition of diethylenetriamine (DETA), a n-alkylamine, on the gelation kinetics and gel stability were evaluated. The data presented in this paper indicates that the solvent mixture provided a more controlled gelling behavior by means of delaying the gelation time. Also, diethylenetriamine acted both as an efficient anti-syneresis agent, improving gel stability, and by delaying the progress of gel’s strength.
Contribution of Carl Linnaeus (1707–1778) to the development of museum field
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Konkova Ludmila V. ,   Museum Association “Museum of Moscow”, Baranova Tatiana D. ,   Russian State University for the Humanities,   Museum Association “Museum of Moscow”
Published: April 2023

In May 2022, the 315th anniversary of the birth of Carl Linnaeus was celebrated. He was the famous Swedish naturalist and taxonomist of wildlife. During his life, he studied many natural sciences: botany, zoology, mineralogy, assay and others. He devoted several years to practical medicine. His significant role in the development of natural science is reflected in numerous publications. However, his contribution to the development of museum field is not mentioned at all or mentioned in passing. In fact his activity was closely connected with collections, the development of their storage and the creation of museums. There is no separate publication on this topic among Russian museological researches, so it seems necessary to fill this gap. The article is devoted to the role of Carl Linnaeus in the history of the development of museum field. The authors trace the life story of Carl Linnaeus, highlighting the important episodes that he devoted to museum activities. They included his work on the description and storage of famous European collections, the research of his own natural science collection and the publication of their results. Also he has constructed a building for manuscripts and collected natural materials. For many years Carl Linnaeus studied the flora and fauna of Sweden, as well as the way of life and customs of the peoples who inhabited its northern part. His trip to Lapland played an important role for the development of European local lore and ethnography. Other scientific works raise issues of terminology and principles of storage and description of natural science collections. The article reveals the history of the Uppsala Botanical Garden, the Linnaean Museum of Natural History and its collection, the contents of several scientific works and dissertations and the contribution of Linnaean Russian students to the development of domestic scientific knowledge and museum practice.
The role of the Don Museum in the formation of the regional research tradition of the Don host region
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Peretyatko Artyom Yu.
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to the importance of the Don Museum for the formation of the regional research tradition of the Don Cossacks. It shows that among the Don Cossacks there was a request to create research on the Don region, and professional science did not fulfill this request. In such conditions, the Don Cossacks’ own research tradition was formed, which initially had a purely amateur character. Since 1880 the most important center of amateur studies of the Don region is first the various bodies preparing the creation of the Don Museum, and then (since 1899) the Don Museum itself. With the support of the host administration, the museum assumed the functions of not only a museum, but also the most important scientific and socio-political center in the region. A lot of work has been done both in the preservation and in the scientific processing of artifacts and documents; the formation of the first professional scientists from the Don Cossacks, for whom the native land became the most important research topic, is closely connected with the museum. At the same time, it should be noted that the role of the Don Museum in the development of the Don professional science was not unambiguous: the head of the museum, Kh. I.Popov, who himself did not even have a primary education, resisted the fact that even the most authoritative scientists of non-Cossack origin led the studies of the Cossacks. The author comes to the conclusion that the question of the significance of museums for those regions of the Russian Empire in which there was no strong influence of universities and professional scientists needs further research.
From the history of “The warehouse of local antiquities”: On the 130th anniversary of the creation of the first scientific museum in Chersonesos
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Kalinovsky Vladimir V. , Prohorova Tatiana A. ,   State Historical and Archaeological Museum-Reserve “Tauric Chersonesos”
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to the 130th anniversary of the opening of the first scientific archaeological museum in Chersonesos — “The warehouse of local antiquities”. The personal contribution of the head of the excavations K.K.Kostsyushko-Valyuzhinich to create an institution was marked. At the present stage, the reserve continues and develops many of the initiatives initiated by K.K.Kostsyushko-Valyuzhinich, including those related to museum activities. The difficulties that arose during the implementation of the project, including those related to the opposition of the brethren of the monastery of St Vladimir, are analyzed. It is indicated that the archaeologist repeatedly applied to the Imperial Archaeological Commission with proposals for organizing the storage of finds in Chersonesos. Descriptions of the museum collection and its internal structure are given. The significance of the museum for the social and cultural life of Sevastopol is proved by the attention paid to excavations in Chersonesos by the leading regional publication of that time — the newspaper “Krymskiy vestnik” [Crimean journal]. K.K.Kosciuszko-Valyuzhinich told reporters about the finds, about the organization of the storage of antiquities, about the exhibits that were of particular interest to visitors. Often, the archaeologist himself appeared in the “Krymskiy vestnik” with author’s materials. The influence of the Romanov dynasty on the development of the “The warehouse of local antiquities” was shown. In particular, K.K.Kostsyushko-Valyuzhinich personally conducted excursions for representatives of the royal family and spoke about the prospects for museum construction in Chersonesos to Emperor Nicholas II.The article discusses the origin and early years of the formation of one of the largest archaeological museums in the South of Russia,which continues to study and popularize the heritage of the largest city-state in the Northern Black Sea region
Features of the formation of a collection of models of the screw ships of the second half of the 19th century on the basis of the recreated Maritime Museum with the participation of Grand Duke Admiral General Konstantin Nikolaevich Romanov
Authors:   Emperor Peter the Great Central Naval Museum, Filatov Oleg V.
Published: April 2023

In this article, the author considers the issue related to the restoration of the collection of ship models of the Maritime Museum. He understood that within the framework of this article it is impossible to display all the processes of recreating the collection of models of ships of the second half of the 19th century, and did not set himself the task of describing the work of fleet managers and ship modelers. He set himself a more modest task: to describe the features of the formation of the collection. The author emphasizes that the models included in the collection were made at that time in the Model Chamber in St Petersburg and the Model Workshop of the St Petersburg port. Indicates that both precious wood species and simple and metal were used in their manufacture. The author emphasizes that the Grand Duke Admiral General Konstantin Nikolayevich took an active part in promoting museum exhibitions to the world level. Analyzing the content of the documents, the author concludes that the lost collection of models had to be replenished, and thus restore the missing event series in the history of the Russian Navy. And also that during the reconstruction of the Maritime Museum, objects which were received from different places, were attributed. The article also explains the peculiarities of the formation of the collection of the newly recreated Maritime Museum and the fact that the models made by the masters of the second half of the 19th century are unique today. The author recalls that the reopening of the newly recreated Maritime Museum took place on August 27, 1867, and Lieutenant Nikolai Mikhailovich Baranov was appointed its director on December 31, 1866.
To the problem of a provenance of Wladimir Golenischeff ’ collection: Acquisitions from antiquity dealers, local sellers and private collectors (based on archival materials)
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Vasilyeva Olga A. ,   A. S.Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts
Published: April 2023

This paper deals with the analysis of the unpublished archival material kept in the Department of Ancient Orient at the State Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts. It is the so-called fichiers — the index cads written by Golenischeff ’ hand mostly in French. These index cards serve a very important source of the provenance of Egyptian monuments from Golenischeff collection. The value of this material is obvious as it comes from the first hands. However, we have few indications of the provenance comparing to the whole corpus of the fichiers, counting only 5% from the 6000 items. It is worth noting that the last 600 index cards have been written by hand ofTatjana Borozdina, and she borrowed the information about the provenance from her teacher Boris Turaev, who in turn was informed by Golenischeff himself. In present article, we study the indications concerning the acquisitions from antiquity dealers in Egypt as well as from various private collectors in Europe and Russia. We also know that many local sellers such as Egyptian fellahin (peasants) served as antiquity dealers and sold the objects to the European collectors (as well as to the famous antiquity dealers). Golenischeff could contact with these local people without mediators as he had a command of Arabic, and was acquainted with the then antiquity market. Apart from this kind of information, the index cards contain the references to the acquisitions at the different auctions and individual purchases. Many names of indicated persons in cards, however, are still unknown to us.
Investigation of assault flags from the collection of the Military-Historical Museum of Artillery, Engineer and Signal Corps
Authors:   Military-Historical Museum of Artillery, Engineer and Signal Corps, Uvarova Anzhelika V.
Published: April 2023

In the article author conducts research of the assault flags from the collection of Military Historical Museum of Artillery, Engineer and Signal Corps. They were planted on the liberated by the Soviet Army cities. At the beginning of the article the reader is informed about the meaning of the basic concepts. There aren’t differences between знамя and флаг in vexillology. Therefore, several definitions of Russian researchers were considered. Then in the article are stated that this group are flags, as it symbolizes the whole state — the Soviet Union. The author emphasizes that the tradition of planting assault flags over liberated cities appeared during the radical turn of 1942–1943, and at the same time flags began to be transferred to museums for storage. In the Artillery Historical Museum they began to arrive from 1943. In addition, their appearance wasn’t regulated. Therefore, in the article the problem of similar and different characteristics is raised. At the semiotic level, all flags carry a single code, being a symbol of liberation, victory of the Soviet Union and friendly countries over the German invaders. At the material level, due to the lack of clear regulation of the appearance, each flag has its own individual features: size, shape, presence or absence of images and inscriptions, methods of attachment to the flagpole, the context of their appearance. In conclusion the potential for reflecting the theme of the Great Patriotic War and the memory of the people in exposition and exhibition projects is evaluated.
Heads, assistants and employees of the Museum of Arts and Antiques of Kazan University
Authors:   Kazan Federal University, Sidorova Irina B.
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to the history of the Museum of Arts and Antiquities of Kazan University. There are different opinions in the literature about who should be considered the founder of the Museum of Arts and Antiquities, who was the first director, who, when and how carried out the reorganization of the museum. The chronological framework of the study — 1870–1922 — also includes the history of the Museum of Ethnography, Antiquities and Fine Arts, which was considered in the literature in terms of collecting local historical, archaeological and ethnographic collections, but in reality laid the foundation for the art collection of Kazan University. The article for the first time describes the circle of persons directly connected with the Museum of Arts and Antiquities of Kazan University, as well as with its predecessor — the Museum of Ethnography, antiquities and fine arts is presented in full. These are professors-heads N.A.Firsov, D.F.Belyaev, D.V.Ainalov, D.I.Naguyevsky, A.M.Mironov; keepers D.A.Korsakov, I.V. Sokolovsky, S.K.Kuznetsov, P.V.Traubenberg, assistants B.P.Denike and K.N.Kravchenko, unofficial assistants of heads, scientific consultants. Through their activities, the continuity of the development of museums, the results of the formation of the library and art collection are traced. The article traces the continuity of the development of museums, the results of the formation of a library and an art collection. The article focuses on the following aspects of the history of the Museum: the status of the museum, financial and logistical support, the number and composition of collections, the role of the museum in scientific, educational and educational work, fate in the Soviet era.
Possibilities of lockdown: Chinese art associations’ experience of organization of exhibitions and other activities during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors:   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia,, Xing Nizhen , Leonova Vera M. ,   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia,
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this article is to describe Chinese creative unions’ activities during the COVID-19 pandemic. As well as museums and art education institutions Chinese creative associations (unions) are important element of national artistic society. The article provides the reader with information on experience of creative associations based on the analysis of associations’ official publication, scientific literature, and media publications in Chinese language. The impact on society that is demonstrated by Chinese artistic associations during the pandemic has been quite significant. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the activities of Chinese artists’ associations (unions) in the conditions shaped by the collision with the coronavirus pandemic in 2020–2021. The relevance of the study is due, first of all, to the need to comprehend the experience of using alternative methods and strategies in the modern artistic environment during the period of globalization and pandemic. The study has shown that the activities of the unions of artists can be flexible. There has been a noticeable expansion of range of interacting practices with spectator as well as the professional community during the lockdown. It is revealed that secondary forms of interaction (online activities) have become predominant, the creativity of art associations’ members have aimed at the moral and material maintenance of society, inter-institutional and inter-regional cooperation has intensified. Thus, creative unions have demonstrated the ability to respond to topical issues of the time and to influence the perception of the happening in society.
Vertebrados terrestres do médio e do alto Rio Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brasil: diagnóstico e conservação
Authors: Mario Arthur Favretto  , Osvaldo Onghero Jr.
Published: April 2023

Estudos que envolvem a distribuição de vertebrados em bacias hidrográficas têm sido cada vez mais necessários e até solicitados pelos órgãos de licenciamento ambiental com o objetivo de avaliar os impactos ambientais de empreendimentos, não apenas em nível local, como também em aspectos regionais. No presente estudo é realizada uma análise integralizada da fauna de vertebrados terrestres registrados no médio e no alto Rio Chapecó, localizado no oeste do estado de Santa Catarina, Sul do Brasil, quanto ao seu estado de conservação e fatores que influenciam sua distribuição. Para tal, utilizaram-se dados de observações esporádicas feitas pelos autores e dados secundários, originados de publicações científicas, banco de dados e estudos ambientais. Foram registradas 489 espécies de vertebrados terrestres, sendo 345 espécies de aves, 75 de herpetofauna e 69 de mastofauna. As análises indicam que a região do alto Rio Chapecó teve uma maior associação com espécies de avifauna, herpetofauna e mastofauna ameaçadas de extinção, possivelmente em virtude da maior extensão de áreas florestais que contém e também da existência de grandes áreas de campos naturais com baixa ocupação humana nessa localização. Todas essas características contribuem para o elevado potencial da região para a conservação de vertebrados terrestres. Palavras-chave: avaliação ambiental; fauna; inventário.
Biology of Tenascin C and its Role in Physiology and Pathology
Authors: Abedsaeidi Malihehsadat , Hojjati Farzaneh , Tavassoli Amin , Sahebkar Amirhossein
Published: April 2023

Tenascin-C (TNC) is a multimodular extracellular matrix (ECM) protein hexameric with several molecular forms (180-250 kDa) produced by alternative splicing at the pre-mRNA level and protein modifications. The molecular phylogeny indicates that the amino acid sequence of TNC is a well-conserved protein among vertebrates. TNC has binding partners, including fibronectin, collagen, fibrillin-2, periostin, proteoglycans, and pathogens. Various transcription factors and intracellular regulators tightly regulate TNC expression. TNC plays an essential role in cell proliferation and migration. Unlike embryonic tissues, TNC protein is distributed over a few tissues in adults. However, higher TNC expression is observed in inflammation, wound healing, cancer, and other pathological conditions. It is widely expressed in a variety of human malignancies and is recognized as a pivotal factor in cancer progression and metastasis. Moreover, TNC increases both pro-and anti-inflammatory signaling pathways. It has been identified as an essential factor in tissue injuries such as damaged skeletal muscle, heart disease, and kidney fibrosis. This multimodular hexameric glycoprotein modulates both innate and adaptive immune responses regulating the expression of numerous cytokines. Moreover, TNC is an important regulatory molecule that affects the onset and progression of neuronal disorders through many signaling pathways. We provide a comprehensive overview of the structural and expression properties of TNC and its potential functions in physiological and pathological conditions.
MiR-142-3p is a Critical Modulator of TNF-mediated Neuronal Toxicity in
Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: De Vito Francesca , Balletta Sara , Caioli Silvia , Musella Alessandra , Guadalupi Livia , Vanni Valentina , Fresegna Diego , Bassi Mario Stampanoni , Gilio Luana , Sanna Krizia , Gentile Antonietta , Bruno Antonio , Dolcetti Ettore , Buttari Fabio , Pavone Luigi , Furlan Roberto , Finardi Annamaria , Perlas Emerald , Hornstein Eran , Centonze Diego , Mandolesi Georgia
Published: April 2023

Background:

TNF-dependent synaptotoxicity contributes to the neuronal damage occurring
in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (pwMS) and its mouse model Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
(EAE). Here, we investigated miR-142-3p, a synaptotoxic microRNA induced by inflammation
in EAE and MS, as a potential downstream effector of TNF signalling.

Methods:

Electrophysiological recordings, supported by molecular, biochemical and histochemical
analyses, were performed to explore TNF-synaptotoxicity in the striatum of EAE and healthy mice.
MiR-142 heterozygous (miR-142 HE) mice and/or LNA-anti miR-142-3p strategy were used to verify
the TNF-miR-142-3p axis hypothesis. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 151 pwMS was analysed to
evaluate possible correlation between TNF and miR-142-3p levels and their impact on clinical parameters
(e.g. progression index (PI), age-related clinical severity (gARMSS)) and MRI measurements
at diagnosis (T0).

Results:

High levels of TNF and miR-142-3p were detected in both EAE striatum and MS-CSF. The
TNF-dependent glutamatergic alterations were prevented in the inflamed striatum of EAE miR-142
HE mice. Accordingly, TNF was ineffective in healthy striatal slices incubated with LNA-anti miR-
142-3p. However, both preclinical and clinical data did not validate the TNF-miR-142-3p axis hypothesis,
suggesting a permissive neuronal role of miR-142-3p on TNF-signalling. Clinical data showed a
negative impact of each molecule on disease course and/or brain lesions and unveiled that their high
levels exert a detrimental synergistic effect on disease activity, PI and white matter lesion volume.

Conclusion:

We propose miR-142-3p as a critical modulator of TNF-mediated neuronal toxicity and
suggest a detrimental synergistic action of these molecules on MS pathology.
Uit de kast en in de luiers? Een geschiedenis van homoseksueel vaderschap in Vlaanderen
Authors: Himpe Robbe
Published: April 2023

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ANALISIS PERMUKIMAN TEPIAN SUNGAI YANG BERKELANJUTAN KASUS PERMUKIMAN TEPIAN SUNGAI KAHAYAN KOTA PALANGKARAYA
Authors: Bakti Setiawan, Muh. Aris Marfai Noor Hamidah, R. Rijanta,
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTCentral Kalimantan is a region of the riverside area. Most of the people settled in the riverside area. Thelivelihoods of many people of Central Kalimantan as a fisherman. Riverside area is a residential center on thegrounds of water as a source of life and ease to access of transport between regions in Central KalimantanProvince. The purpose of the research was to explore the pattern of settlements as an adaptation to the physicalenvironment riverside area. The research located in the residential area of the District Pahandut, Palangka Raya.Research method used a combination (mix-used method) through the stages of research, among others: (1)preparation; (2) the implementation phase; and (3) post-implementation phase. Step research through fieldobservation and exploration data based on interviews with selected native speakers. Furthermore, the results offield observations and exploration data in the analysis through the tacit knowledge as descriptive interpretativeelaboration on various aspects of local community life. The results showed there are two aspects that affect toriverside settlement, namely: (1) physical aspect; and (2) non-physical aspect. The second aspects of thesettlement pattern support settlements in those areas riverside towards sustainable development through toriverside area.Keywords: analyses, riverside area, settlementABSTRAKKalimantan Tengah merupakan wilayah tepian sungai. Sebagian besar masyarakatnya bermukim di wilayahtepian sungai. Mata pencaharian sebagian besar masyarakat Kalimantan Tengah sebagai nelayan. Tepiansungai merupakan pusat permukiman dengan berlatar belakang kampung tepian sungai. Falsafah air sebagaisumber kehidupan dan kemudahan transportasi antar wilayah di Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah. Tujuan penelitianialah mengeksplorasi model perbaikan permukiman sebagai adaptasi terhadap lingkungan fisik kawasan tepiansungai. Lokasi penelitian di kawasan permukiman Kecamatan Pahandut, Kota Palangka Raya. Metode yangdigunakan ialah metode gabungan (mix-used method) melalui tahapan penelitian antara lain: (1) tahap persiapan;(2) tahap pelaksanaan; dan (3) tahap pasca pelaksanaan. Langkah penelitian yaitu melalui observasi lapangan(field observation) dan eksplorasi data-data berdasarkan wawancara dengan narasumber terpilih. Hasil observasilapangan dan ekplorasi data di analisis melalui tacit knowledge sebagai jabaran deskriptif interpretatif terhadapberbagai aspek kehidupan masyarakat setempat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat dua aspek fisik yangmempengaruhi permukiman tepian sungai, yaitu: (1) aspek fisik (physical aspect); dan (2) aspek non-fisik (nonphysicalaspect). Kedua aspek tersebut mendukung model perbaikan permukiman di kawasan tepian sungaimenuju pembangunan berkelanjutan yang berorientasi pada pelestarian kawasan tepian sungai.Kata kunci: analisis, perbaikan, permukiman, tepian sungai
Тhe problem of comorbidity in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract in women: solutions
Authors: Veselova E. N. , Aslanov А. M. , Chebotareva Yu. Yu. , Alekseev E. E. , Kovtunenko S. B.
Published: April 2023

The article presents a review of the literature related to the problems of the gastrointestinal tract in gynecological practice.Complaints from the digestive organs are interrelated with vaginal dysbiosis, a violation of the formation of the menstrual cycle. The main complaints presented by women with diseases of the female genital sphere, the causes of their occurrence and measures to eliminate these complaints are considered.
Optimization of Using Multiple Machine Learning Approaches in Atrial Fibrillation Detection Based on a Large-Scale Data Set of 12-Lead Electrocardiograms: Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Chuang Beau Bo-Sheng , Yang Albert C
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND

Atrial fibrillation (AF) represents a hazardous cardiac arrhythmia that significantly elevates the risk of stroke and heart failure. Despite its severity, its diagnosis largely relies on the proficiency of health care professionals. At present, the real-time identification of paroxysmal AF is hindered by the lack of automated techniques. Consequently, a highly effective machine learning algorithm specifically designed for AF detection could offer substantial clinical benefits. We hypothesized that machine learning algorithms have the potential to identify and extract features of AF with a high degree of accuracy, given the intricate and distinctive patterns present in electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings of AF.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to develop a clinically valuable machine learning algorithm that can accurately detect AF and compare different leads’ performances of AF detection.

METHODS

We used 12-lead ECG recordings sourced from the 2020 PhysioNet Challenge data sets. The Welch method was used to extract power spectral features of the 12-lead ECGs within a frequency range of 0.083 to 24.92 Hz. Subsequently, various machine learning techniques were evaluated and optimized to classify sinus rhythm (SR) and AF based on these power spectral features. Furthermore, we compared the effects of different frequency subbands and different lead selections on machine learning performances.

RESULTS

The light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM) was found to be the most effective in classifying AF and SR, achieving an average F1-score of 0.988 across all ECG leads. Among the frequency subbands, the 0.083 to 4.92 Hz range yielded the highest F1-score of 0.985. In interlead comparisons, aVR had the highest performance (F1=0.993), with minimal differences observed between leads.

CONCLUSIONS

In conclusion, this study successfully used machine learning methodologies, particularly the LightGBM model, to differentiate SR and AF based on power spectral features derived from 12-lead ECGs. The performance marked by an average F1-score of 0.988 and minimal interlead variation underscores the potential of machine learning algorithms to bolster real-time AF detection. This advancement could significantly improve patient care in intensive care units as well as facilitate remote monitoring through wearable devices, ultimately enhancing clinical outcomes.
Augmented reality serious game design for promoting children's science education cognition: a randomized controlled trial (Preprint)
Authors: Liu Bo , Li Xiaofang , Zhu Dian , Liu Zhao
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND

The purpose of science education is to improve children's scientific cognition, which is increasingly valued by scholars and parents. However, traditional science education is popularized through movies, books and science education lectures, being reported in monotonous forms and confusing materials that hinder the spread of scientific knowledge. Serious games provide children with viable and successful solutions for science education. Therefore, it is important to design serious games for science education that are suitable for children's cognitive processes.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the effectiveness of augmented reality (AR) game as a teaching tool for promoting science education cognition of children.

METHODS

36 healthy children between the ages of 6 and 8 years old were included in this study. Individuals were randomly divided into an intervention group (n=18) and a control group (n=18). Interventions, namely a 20-minute AR science education including three game lesson modules, while the control group was asked to learn 20-minute same knowledge with non-AR science learning app. POE (predict-observe-explain) test of 3 games including animal vision, color-light mixing and light refraction were conducted for all participants before and after the experiment. Also, intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI) test including interest-enjoyment (INT-ENJ), perceived competence (COMP), effort-importance (EFF-IMP), and tension-pressure (TEN-PRESS) were conducted for children after the experiment.

RESULTS

There was a statistically significant difference in animal vision (Z=-2.166, p=0.03), light refraction (Z=-3.213, p=0.001), color-light mixing (Z=-2.508, p=0.012) and total POE test scores (Z=-3.528, p=0.000) in experimental group. Additionally, two groups showed variability in INT-ENJ (z=-2.440, p=0.016) and COMP (z=-2.170, p=0.031). In contrast, significant differences were not observed in EFF-IMP (z=-1.310, p=0.203) and TEN-PRESS (z=-0.733, p=0.481), especially in TEN-PRESS, where the experimental group (13.67±1.12) showed higher stress compared to the control group (8.61±2.09).

CONCLUSIONS

Through the randomized controlled study, it is confirmed that the AR-based science education game we designed may correct children's misconceptions about science and enhance the effectiveness of science education.
Program Sejarah Lisan dan Budaya Recordkeeping Dalam Perspektif Kearsipan
Authors: Mulya Lillyana , Bramantya Arif Rahman
Published: April 2023

Para akademisi di Indonesia telah lama menyadari bahwa dokumen tertulis yang selama ini dominan digunakan sebagai sumber informasi historis memiliki keterbatasan. Sejak saat itu, praktek penelusuran sumber informasi lisan yang kerap disebut dengan sejarah lisan mulai dilakukan sebagai media penyelamatan informasi. Dimulai dari lembaga kearsipan, kini perguruan tinggi menjadi lembaga pencipta rekaman sejarah lisan yang teratur. Namun, pengelolaan paska penciptaan rekaman masih minim dilakukan karena berbagai keterbatasan. Kajian ini menawarkan alternatif pengelolaan rekaman sejarah lisan melalui repositori digital opensources. Sistem pengelolaan ini memberikan kesempatan kolaboratif bagi pencipta dan pengelola untuk mengidentifikasi model pengelolaan berkelanjutan dengan prinsip preservasi informasi.
Open Journal System (OJS) As An Office Automation Model
Authors: Rakhmawati Rina , Dwi Wahyuni Elya Riska , Khoiriyah Walda , Susanti Titi , Purnamasari Dwi Noviana
Published: April 2023

The phenomenon of the COVID-19 pandemic forces the world community to transform into the world of work through the implementation of work from home. Many offices, especially in Indonesia, make use of various information systems and applications to facilitate work. Automation studies in the office environment are being studied again. The classic problem faced by most offices in Indonesia is that the automation system used is not integrated, one of which is the filing system. Most filing systems are limited to storing databases and tracking information. The archiving system model that is considered integrated, not limited to database storage and information retrieval, is the open journal system used by Indonesian national journals. This study aims to analyze the open journal system as a model for implementing the concept of office automation. The research object used is the open journal system used by accredited national journals in the social and humanities field. Data obtained through participatory observation of the open journal system used, in-depth interviews with journal managers, and literature studies. The data were processed and analyzed using the data triangulation approach. The results showed that the open journal system is an implementation of the concept of comprehensive office automation. However, it is necessary to conduct a study regarding the security and authentication of the metadata that is created on the system.