bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Shadi Park Renovation with Social Development Emphasis: A Case Study Halabja City, Iraq
Authors: Mustafa Mihraban Othman , Faraji Masoumeh , Salih Zaniar Jamal , Rasheed Muhammed Saeed
Published: August 2021

The expansion of urbanization and the lack of open spaces in cities, urban green spaces have become very important, especially in recent decades. Among urban green spaces, parks are important because they have leisure and recreational functions, and the favorable physical and mental effects on humans have been proven today. Depreciation of materials, park equipment, destruction of vegetation and lifestyle changes over time have changed the needs and desires of the people and caused the old parks do not meet the needs of citizens. Today, improving parks is a new approach that makes parks matches the demands human beings have evolved over time with the advancement of technology. Shadi Park in Iraq is one of the regional urban parks; the lack of its design, as well as the wear and tear of some uses, lack of optimal lighting system and various uses by different age groups reduces the number of visits. In this research, based on field perceptions of the park and public opinion polls, prioritization and solutions to strengthen the presence of people has been pointed out. The results of the questionnaire indicate the priority of people's demands, the most important of which include: building a sports venue for women, proper service of restaurants and cafes during the day and night, the presence of swimming pools and fountains in the park, parking at the entrances, space allocation to hold cultural and artistic festivals.
La nueva pandemia por SARS-CoV-2: epidemiología y la respuesta del sistema de salud peruano
Authors: Gonzales Menis Gabriela Alejandra , Aramburu Pumacallao Gian Pierre , Espinoza Pantoja Juan , Gonzales Vega Roxana , Guzman Aparicio Fiorella , Julca Valle Nathaly , Ladera Castañeda Marysela , Cayo Rojas Cesar
Published: August 2021

Desde que la Organización Mundial de la Salud declaró el 12 de marzo a la nueva  enfermedad COVID-19 como pandemia, hasta la fecha  13 de enero de 2021 se han registrado más de 86 millones de casos confirmados de COVID-19 en todo el mundo, a nivel de Latinoamérica, Perú se encuentra en el quinto lugar con 1 082 907 casos confirmados presentando una tasa de letalidad de 3,63%. Así mismo el estado peruano en respuesta a esta enfermedad por COVID-19, emitió normativas a través del Ministerio de Salud (MINSA) con la finalidad de contrarrestar el contagio y cantidad de defunciones. A pesar de haber sido Perú uno de los primeros países en la región en ejecutar medidas restrictivas en los primeros meses del 2020, que junto a las directrices ejecutadas por las instituciones del MINSA, no reflejaron los resultados esperados, observándose al 21 de enero de 2021 la disponibilidad de 141 camas en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) a nivel nacional, y a Perú en el quinto lugar en cifras de contagios en Latinoamérica con 1 082 907 casos confirmados, y 39 274 fallecidos.
As representações sociais de professoras da Educação Infantil em relação ao desgaste docente
Authors: Da Silva Bruna Emilyn , Ferreira Adriano Charles , Rosso Ademir José
Published: August 2021

O artigo discute, pelo viés da teoria das representações sociais, especificamente as abordagens dimensional e estrutural, as representações sociais de professoras da Educação Infantil sobre as condições de trabalho que ocasionam desgaste docente. As informações foram coletadas a partir de questionário (n=116) respondido por professoras da Educação Infantil na cidade de Ponta Grossa (Paraná). As análises foram realizadas com o apoio dos softwares Evoc, Simi e Alceste, além de ter sido feita uma análise de conteúdo. Verificou-se que a maior procedência dos elementos constituintes de desgaste são: (a) as condições físicas e materiais do trabalho; (b) a estrutura e funcionamento da Educação Infantil, a qual carece de investimentos para melhorar as condições de trabalho e (c) a falta de professoras como fator que revela a Educação Infantil como etapa secundária em relação aos significados da docência.
Escrita embutida na matéria, condensada no objeto. Escrita artificial, instantânea e virtual
Authors: Marty Yuly
Published: August 2021

Na contemporaneidade, as artes gráficas desempenham um papel fundamental nas práticas artísticas, destacando métodos e ferramentas tradicionais de impressão alinhados às novas tecnologias digitais. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste artigo é refletir sobre questões operacionais e metodológicas da minha produção, marcada pela presença da palavra escrita e suas formas de impressão, que não se limitam a uma folha de papel. Para isso, apresento o trabalho Mundo escrito e mundo não escrito, que acontece em três formatos: instalação, obra-texto-digital e livro-objeto. Reflete-se, assim, sobre a presença da palavra escrita nesses trabalhos, que se evidencia através de processos gráficos como a serigrafia e a escrita manuscrita, bem como a escrita digital.
Confucianism in China’s Nationally Oriented Advertising Text
Authors: Wang Yu. , Remchukova E. N.
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to the multimodal analysis of the representation of the national-cultural phenomenon “Confucianism” in the field of advertising in modern China on the examples of nationally-oriented advertising texts of different thematic varieties. The relevance of the work is due to the importance of preserving and continuing the heritage of Confucianism in modern Chinese society, especially in the media space. Particular attention is paid to the multimodal analysis of verbal and non-verbal means of expressing the key concept of Confucianism “five constancies of a righteous person” in Chinese nationally oriented advertising texts. It is shown that the concept of “five permanencies” as one of the important components of Confucianism gets its continuation in the field of advertising in modern China, develops in accordance with the social life of the Chinese people in the modern era. It has been established that the use of the Confucian idea of the five permanencies of a righteous person can be considered as one of the most important and effective ways to create advertising with the aim of influencing the target audience of the Chinese domestic market. The conclusions and results of the study allow us to get a general idea of the concept of the five constancies of Confucianism, as well as the practice of its application as methods of manipulating public consciousness in modern Chinese advertising, which is of great importance for sinological research in various scientific fields.
What is Nikolai Klyuev’s “Hung Upside Down” Crying for? (On Poetic Epitaph to Victims of White Terror)
Authors: Kudryashov I. V. , Pyatkin S. N.
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to the problems of historical and cultural commentary, as well as the interpretation of the ideological-figurative content and genre attribution of N. A. Klyuev’s poem “Hung upside down...”, created by the poet during the Vytegorsk period of his life (1918—1922). The analysis showed that the facts of Klyuev’s Vytegorsk life at the time of his creation “Hung upside down...” and the poet's deeply felt fear of being subjected to a cruel execution prompted him to literally perpetuate the memory of the victims of the White Terror who were martyred by hanging during the Civil War. The authors of the study come to the conclusion that references to the Bible and L. I. Palmin’s poem “Requiem” make it possible to attribute this work of Klyuev to one of the most ardent works of the poet of that time, calling on the living to selflessly serve the ideals of the proletarian revolution, and to identify its genre as a literary epitaph to the victims of the White Terror, which stands out for its monumentality and the timelessness of its valuable message to descendants. The authors of the article are convinced that the failed attempt by Klyuev to republish the poem “Hung upside down...” in 1927 betrays the poet, who is experiencing criticism of the counter-revolutionary content of his works, a desire to demonstrate the continuity of his later work with his “communard” past.
Irish Jacobites in Continental Europe at End of 17th — 18th Centuries
Authors: Apryshchenko V. Yu. , Lagoshina N. A.
Published: August 2021

The problem of migration of the Irish military to the European continent in modern times is examined in the article. Particular attention is paid to their role, political attitudes and adaptation in host societies. The relevance of the study is due to insufficient knowledge of the specifics of the Irish military migration of the 18th century and the degree to which Jacobite ideology influenced the political mood of Irish people in Europe. The novelty of the study is seen in the fact that the study of the mass migration of the Irish military to Europe in the period between the Treaty of Limerick in 1691 and the end of the War of Austrian Succession in 1748 will complement the Irish military history of modern times. The study of personal correspondence, memoirs and literary works allows a deeper study of the issues of identity, ideology and collective memory of the Irish military, to determine the degree of participation of the Irish in various dynastic wars and conspiracies in Europe in the XVIII century, to restore some details from the life of the Irish Jacobites, conspirators, spies and social net-works migrants. Analysis of various sources has led to a rethinking of the situation of the Irish diaspora in France and Spain. It was found that through an extensive migration network, the Irish Jacobites communicated with the world community of Irish-in-exile, posing a threat to the Hanoverian government.
Semantic Reconstruction of Vocabulary with a Speed Value Derived from Verbs of Object Movement
Authors: Borisova E. O.
Published: August 2021

The article deals with the verbs of moving an object by the subject, developing the semantics of low and high speed of action. The research is mainly based on the vocabulary of Russian folk dialects, but the facts of the literary language are also involved. Several lexical groups are distinguished, within which “speed” meanings can develop, depending on the way of movement indicated by the verbs: without lifting off the ground; by the strength of your movement; by air; appropriation; giving away; putting into something. Within each group, the main models of the development of lexemes with the semantics of speed, determined by the features of the called action, the meaning of affixes and possible associative series are described. It is found that, although the movement of an object by a subject is a fairly extensive lexical group, a limited set of models are presented directly in the designation of speed, which are implemented using synonymous verbs (tyanut’ [pull], tashchit’ [drag] and volochit’ [crawl along]; brosat’ [throw], kidat’ [cast] etc; khvatat’ [grab] etc.). The correlations of the semantics of speed with other semantic fields that arise within the framework of this thematic group are described.
Outpatient Clinic of Russian Red Cross in Berlin in 1920s —1930s
Authors: Kotelnikov K. D.
Published: August 2021

The documents of the League of Nations archive concerning the history of a unique emigrant institution — the Russian Ambulatory in Berlin are introduced into scientific circulation in the article. It is reported that for at least 17 years (since 1920), the clinic had pro-vided free assistance to the poor. The annual reports and correspondence of the clinic make it possible not only to assess the scale of the activities of the philanthropists of Russian Berlin and their humanitarian significance, but also to analyze information about the social and demographic processes in the emigrant community in the 1920s—1930s. It is noted that from 1920 to 1934 the clinic received 171,955 patients (more than one and a half thousand people a year, of all ages and nationalities). Information is given that doctors treated a wide range of diseases: cardiovascular, nervous, venereal, respiratory and digestive system, urogenital system, eye and ear, the consequences of injuries and trauma. It has been established that the outpatient clinic distributed free medicines, food, and basic necessities since the early 1930s and provided lunches and places in the Salvation Army dormitory for the homeless. The statistics of the clinic are presented with data on the ethnic composition of Russian Berlin (the most representative of the known ones), the aging of emigration in Germany, and the low birth rate in the 1930s and the spread of poverty associated with the Great Depression.
Defensive Walls of Tobolsk Kremlin: a Historical and Architectural Sketch
Authors: Nossov K. S. , Muratova S. R. , Balyunov I. V.
Published: August 2021

The article was prepared in connection with the announcement of the year of Semyon Ulyanovich Remezov in the city of Tobolsk in 2021. Information has been collected on the history of the construction and rebuilding of the fortress walls and towers of the Tobolsk Kremlin, which rarely attracted the attention of researchers. A review of the history of the fence construction in the Sofia courtyard is carried out. Particular attention is paid to the stages of the construction of the Kremlin stone walls, the surviving elements of defensive architecture in them. The authors clarify some provisions from the classical works of V. I. Kochedamov, draw on new sources, including photographs from restoration work in the middle of the 20th century from the funds of the Tobolsk Historical and Architectural Museum-Reserve. The results of a comparative architectural analysis of the Kremlin walls of Tobolsk with synchronous and previous monuments of Russian military architecture are presented in the article. It has been established that the walls of the Tobolsk Kremlin were more of a symbolic-decorative than a military char-acter. It was determined that they represented a symbiosis of the Moscow Kremlin architecture of the late 15th century with the architecture of the Smolensk fortress wall, 17th century monastery fences and, possibly, the fence of the Bishops' court in Rostov.
Formation and Development of Airfield Network of Leningrad Region during Great Patriotic War
Authors: Prigodich N. D.
Published: August 2021

The issue of the formation of the Leningrad airfield network in the pre-war period and its transformation during the years of the blockade are considered. Particular attention is paid to processing statistics of the involved network. The novelty of the research is seen in the fact that for the first time a number of data on the results of the work of the airfield construction department of the front and the administration of airfield construction of the People’s Commissariat of Internal Affairs (NKVD) are being introduced into scientific circulation. The question is raised about the causes of aerodrome-technical problems in the work of aviation in the North-Western direction in the initial period of the war. General information about the airfield network on the “mainland” used by the forces of the 14th air army and the aviation of the Baltic fleet is provided. The author dwells on a detailed examination of the airfields of the Leningrad air hub, their maintenance, use and transformation. Information on the main problems in the use of airfields in the winter period and plans for the development of the network in the period 1942/1943 are given. It is proved that, despite the impressive volume of the airfield network, one way or another involved in the defense of the city, only a limited number of them were used during the most difficult period from the fall of 1941 to the spring of 1943.
Peasant Yard in European North of Russia during Civil War (1917—1921): Characteristics of Survival
Authors: Sablin V. A.
Published: August 2021

The changes in the material well-being of the peasant household in the European North of Russia caused by the agrarian revolution of 1917–1921is examined in the article. The author proceeds from the definition of the European North of Russia as a homo-geneous space, which during the period under study included the Arkhangelsk, Vologda, Severo-Dvinsk provinces, the Karelian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic and the Autonomous Region of Komi. The factors that influenced the organizational foundations of peasant production are analyzed. The question is raised about the nature of tax withdrawals from the peasant economy during the Civil War and the transition to a system of in-kind withdrawals and duties. Particular attention is paid to changes in the constituent elements of the peasant budget. The level of needs of a peasant family is shown. The article reveals the dependence of the consumption of the peasant household on the size of the sowing, provision of workers with hands and means of production. Particular attention is paid to the constituent elements of the income and expenditure side of the budget of the peasant parcel. The structure of nutrition of a peasant family in farms of different social types is shown. The characteristics of the survival of the rural courtyard and the main directions of its evolution have been determined. An attempt has been made to compare the material wealth of the peasants and townspeople of the region in the specified period.
Marriage Ties in England in First Half of 17th Century: Sermons to Newlyweds by Thomas Gateaker
Authors: Sozinova K. A.
Published: August 2021

The author of the article examines the evolution of ideas about marriage and matrimonial duties in the 17th century in England. The study is based on sermons to newlyweds published in the 1620s by the famous moderate Puritan Thomas Gataker: “A Summary of Marital Responsibilities” (1620), “A Good Wife is a Gift of God” (1620/23), and “A Perfect Wife” (1623). It is emphasized that these sermons are a rich source of early modern marriage. Addressing them allows us to understand the origins of changes in traditional gender practices introduced by the Puritans in the 17th century. The author demonstrates that, unlike Anglicans and Catholics, Puritans put the friendship between a man and a woman in the first place for the purpose of marriage, which serves as a salvation from loneliness, and not the birth of children. The author also concludes that the Puritans relied on traditional ideas about the patriarchal foundations of the marriage union, but the place and role of women in it was actively revised and fe-male virtue began to take its rightful place in a pious community.
Cognitive Dominants, Language-Specific Communication and Translation Problems
Authors: Riabtseva N. K.
Published: August 2021

The paper is devoted to explaining the key cognitive distinctions characteristic to translation process and its teaching. Among them are linguistic interpretation of the input text’s contents, its conceptual adaptation to the accepting culture, etc. To demonstrate them, multiple examples are given to show that translators, particularly not trained enough, often choose for basic translation dominants in the accepting culture those equivalents that are primarily purely linguistic, ignoring conceptual and cultural background of the original and the accepting culture’s notions and forms. Meanwhile, the latter help avoid such translation failures as literal / word by word translation, etc. Special attention in the paper is paid to the translation into the foreign, English, language, its contrastive culture-specific and communicative features as compared to those in the Russian language: to their cognitive dominants in communication and their cross-linguistic asymmetry and in-congruency which generate quite «natural» cross-linguistic interference in Russian-English translation. It is particularly obvious when there are extensive textual nominal ex-pressions, especially terminological, which demonstrate at present an active, extensive and productive usage in English, but present a serious problem in teaching English as a foreign language and translation into it. It is also shown that in Russian their cross-linguistic idiomatic analogues are language specific and show different patterns, but still can be adequately matched with their foreign counter-parts.
20 years of provisional application of the Agreement between the USA and the USSR on the Maritime Boundary
Authors: VYLEGZHANIN A. N.
Published: August 2021

В статье исследованы «плюсы» и «минусы» советско-американских соглашений 1977 и 1990 годов, в соответствии с которыми линия, обозначенная русско-американской конвенцией об уступке Аляски 1867 г., была принята для делимитации морских районов, находящихся под суверенитетом и юрисдикцией двух стран, в т.ч. районов континентального шельфа.
Legal language and the style of legal documents as the objects of change and simplification in the context ofmodern development of the English language
Authors: SOLOVIEVA Z. V.
Published: August 2021

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Cooperation of the European Union and NATO in the settlement of crisis situations
Authors: VORONIN E. R.
Published: August 2021

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Foreign Policy Process in Indonesia
Authors: EFIMOVA L. M.
Published: August 2021

Решающую роль во внешнеполитическом процессе современной Индонезии играет правящая элита с опорой на бюрократию. Главной компонентой при принятии внешнеполитических решений является националистическая. Национальные интересы в политике, экономике, идеологии, духовной сфере всегда выдвигаются на первый план и составляют не только внешнее обрамление, но и главное внутреннее содержание внешнеполитических решений и шагов. Внешнеполитический ресурс для современной Индонезии - это, прежде всего, способ увеличить и упрочить свой политический вес в регионе Юго-Восточной Азии и АРТ , исламском мире, а также на международной арене в целом путем активного, но сохраняющего независимость и свободу маневра, включения в международные связи.
The Transnistrian Compromise?
Authors: PUTINTSEV I. S.
Published: August 2021

В статье анализируются факторы, определяющие российскую политику в отношении Приднестровья, а также предложены основы проекта урегулирования приднестровского конфликта на базе компромисса между Кишинёвом, Москвой и Тирасполем.
The role of religious actors in global political processes
Authors: KASATKIN P. I.
Published: August 2021

В статье анализируется место и роль религиозных аторов в современной мировой политике
Afganistan: 30 years after the invasion of the USSR to DRA: the consequences for the country and the region
Authors: SHILO N. I.
Published: August 2021

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Change of Constitution in politics in contemporary China state law
Authors: TRETYAKOV K. N.
Published: August 2021

Некоторые особенности изменения Конституции КНР. С древних времен по сегодняшний день право в Китае рассматривается как инструмент управления народом и установления общественного статуса индивида, что находит свое отражение в значительном влиянии на право, которое оказывает политическая власть (император в древности, Коммунистическая партия Китая (КПК) в наши дни). Свидетельством такого влияния являются так называемые «изменения Конституции политического характера», весьма распространенные в Китае в последние десятилетия конституционного развития. С формальной (процедурной) точки зрения такие изменения, во-первых, происходят после очередного Всекитайского съезда КПК, во-вторых, изменение Конституции инициируется Центральным Комитетом КПК. С материальной (содержательной) точки зрения такие изменения, во-первых, напрямую связаны с изменениями Устава КПК и практически дословно им соответствуют, во-вторых, такие изменения касаются в основном экономической политики и идеологической платформы китайского государства. В последние годы появились также изменения Конституции системного характера - изменения, касающиеся основных прав и свобод граждан, основных принципов государственного строительства и т.п. Такие изменения являются результатом демократических преобразований, имевших место в Китае в последние годы.
Changing role and functionality of the TNC head office under globalization
Authors: DEMENTIEVA A. G.
Published: August 2021

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American and Ibero-American Studies in MGIMO
Authors: PECHATNOV V. O.
Published: August 2021

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Polarized America
Authors: PECHATNOV V. O.
Published: August 2021

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Brazilian Experience of Social Modernization at the Beginning of the XXI Century
Authors: OKUNEVA L. S.
Published: August 2021

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The Process of Integrating the Western Balkan countries into the EU
Authors: BULANNIKOVA Y. A.
Published: August 2021

Статья посвящена одной из важнейших задач внешней политики западнобалканских государств - вступлению в Европейский Союз, которой в значительной степени подчинены все внутриполитические и экономические процессы. В ней отмечается, что эти страны связывают с так называемым «возвратом в Европу» надежды на лучшую жизнь, экономическую и политическую стабильность. Дополнительным привлекательным фактором является и финансовая поддержка ЕС, оказываемая государствам, вступившим на путь интеграции. Решая задачу стабилизации региона, Евросоюз специально разработал долгосрочную стратегию интеграции стран Западных Балкан в свои структуры, которая учитывала возможности эскалации вооруженных конфликтов и разрастания кризисных явлений.
Integration process in East Africa: EAC history and modern times
Authors: POLIKANOVA D. V.
Published: August 2021

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The Battle of Moscow
Authors: MYAGKOV M. Y.
Published: August 2021

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Turning point in the Great Patriotic War
Authors: MONIN S. M.
Published: August 2021

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Televevision under the conditions of the transition to postmodern society
Authors: Brun O. E.
Published: August 2021

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Theory and practice of fighting Corruption in Europe
Authors: Zailhofer Аngela
Published: August 2021

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Russia and Europe in XV century — the beginning of XVI century. Things in common and things borrowed
Authors: Chernikova T. V.
Published: August 2021

В данной статье дан краткий анализ причин возникновения и содержания доктрины «Москва - Третий Рим», как составной идеологической и политической части процесса европеизации России в конце XV - середине XVI вв. Дана предыстория и практика внутреннего политического и внешнеполитического применения московских представлений о «византийском и римском наследии» России, осмысления в рамках данных религиозно-политических категорий исторических перспектив и роли единого Московского государства в Европе и мире в целом.
Russia and Abkhazia: 200 years of friendship and mutual understanding"
Authors: Volhonsky M. A.
Published: August 2021

16 марта 2010 года в МГИМО (У) прошла научно-практическая конференция, посвященная 200-летию включения Абхазии в состав Российской империи. Конференция была организована Центром кавказских исследований, структурным подразделением Института международных исследований МГИМО (У). Высокий уровень конференции подчеркивало присуствие на ней главы правительства Абхазии Сергея Мироновича Шамба, чрезвычайного и полномочного посла Абхазии в России Игоря Мурадовича Ахба а также директора 4 ДСНГ МИД России Андрея Владимировича Келина. Тематика предложенных вниманию аудитории докладов была довольно широкой. Значительное место среди выступлений заняли темы по истории отношений Абхазии и России. Представительной оказалась группа докладов, касавшихся событий выхода Грузии из состава СССР и эскалации вооруженного конфликта в Абхазии. Острые дискуссии среди участников конференции вызвала, затронутая в ряде докладов тема этнической географии и демографии.
Postmodernism: the main ideas and its representatives
Authors: Bronzino L. Y.
Published: August 2021

Актуальность постмодернистской парадигмы для современной социологической науки продиктована оригинальным подходом к исследованию общества, предлагаемым в ее рамках. В статье рассматриваются основные признаки постмодернизма как теоретической модели, анализируются его базовые концепты и идеи наиболее ярких представителей постмодернизма.
The Influence of the «Arrow of the Time» on the Innovation of Thinking
Authors: Kravchenko S. A.
Published: August 2021

Согласно постулату «стрелы времени», обос- нованного лауреатом Нобелевской премии И.Р. Пригожиным, имеет место саморазвитие материи, ускоряющаяся, а главное - усложняюща- яся динамика материи, что относится не только к неорганическому и органическому мирам, но и к человеческим сообществам1. Развитию же социума всегда сопутствовало инновационное мышление, представители которого, подвергая критике сущес- твующее, «стареющее» мышление, выдвигали аль- тернативную модель мышления и, соответственно, новый, оригинальный теоретико -методологический инструментарий.
Informational content of Globalization
Authors: Terin V. P.
Published: August 2021

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Construction of social reality in the theory of coordinated Management of Meaning
Authors: Ionova O. E.
Published: August 2021

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Brazil: post-industrial phase of development
Authors: Pankov E. I.
Published: August 2021

Аннотация: в статье главное внимание уделено перспективам развития страны в ХХ1 веке и возможностям, которыми располагает Бразилия для экономического прорыва и перехода в постиндустриальную фазу развития.
Conflicts and Peace Operations: Studies, Typology, Methodological Aspects
Authors: Nikitin A. I.
Published: August 2021

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The Russian Far East and the region of the Pacific Rim: problems in integration of transport systems
Authors: Podberezkina O. A.
Published: August 2021

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Historical anthropology and microhistory in the classes of rassian culture (russian language for foreign students)
Authors: Voznesensky K. A.
Published: August 2021

Данная статья даёт некоторый обзор понятиям «микрокультура», «столкновение культур», «микроистория» и «связь антропологии с микрокультурами». Автор обращается к этим вопросам в связи с подачей культуроведческого материала на уроках русского языка как иностранного, ибо в реальной жизни иностранцам трудно понять некоторые процессы, происходящие в современном российском обществе. А обращение к культуроведческому материалу через изучение вопросов исторической антропологии и микрокультур должно подвести иностранных учащихся к разностороннему пониманию такой разнокультурной среды как российское общество. Ключевые слова: антропология, микрокультура, культурные ареалы, столкновение культур, моральные стандарты, бытовое поведение, реинтеграция, микроистория, новое мышление, методика преподавания, культуроведение
Problems of inter-state relationship in Central Asia (on example of relations between Tadjikistan and Uzbekistan and between Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan)
Authors: Babadjanov A. Y. , Cherniavsky S. I.
Published: August 2021

Записка посвящена возможности формирования Союза центрально-азиатских государств. Авторы рассматривают как главные стимулы к интеграции, так и факторы, препятствующие сближению. В работе отдельно освещается проблема конкуренции за лидерство в регионе Казахстана и Узбекистана, а также роль США в интеграционных процессах. В отличие от большинства стран центрально-азиатского региона (ЦАР), Узбекистан имеет собственный масштабный геополитический проект. Политическая элита страны считает свое государство прямым наследником огромной средневековой империи Тамерлана (1336-1404), столица которой Самарканд являлась признанным региональным центром религии, астрономии и искусств. Подобная идеологическая интерпретация истории призвана укрепить в национальном самосознании узбекского народа чувство превосходства над соседями. Пропаганда «исключительности» страны подкреплялась в первые постсоветские годы экономической мощью Узбекистана, поскольку ему в наследство от СССР достался наиболее развитый промышленный потенциал, а также значительная часть вооружения бывшей Советской Армии. Строительство национальных государств в Средней Азии в постсоветский период осложнялось тем, что в ходе территориального размежевания в 1920-1930-е гг. межреспубликанские границы были проведены весьма причудливо, а зачастую и просто произвольно. Это привело не только к появлению многочисленных национальных анклавов, но и обострило жизненно важную для региона проблему гидроресурсов. И сегодня, на наш взгляд, в постсоветской Средней Азии существуют ------------------------------ Бабаджанов Алишер Якубович - научный сотрудник Центра постсоветских исследований ИМИ МГИМО (У) МИД России.
Developmental Autoritarianism or Autoritarianism without Development: modernization Destiny in the Post-Soviet Space
Authors: Gaman-Golutvina O. V.
Published: August 2021

Статья посвящена анализу конфигурации и роли государства в постсоветских странах. По мнению автора, ключевой проблемой выступает слабость государс- тва в качестве агента модернизации. Несмотря на значительную культурно-ци- вилизационную, политико-культурную и внутриполитическую специфику ранее входивших в состав СССР стран, для последних характерно сходство по целому ряду значимых параметров. Среди этих параметров доминирование тяготеющих к жестким политическим формам режимов и фактическое фиаско модеризаци- онных проектов. Сочетание данных характеристик дает основание определить политико-инструментальный дизайн данных государственных образований как авторитаризм без развития. Последнее служит анти-тезисом по отношению к известному из опыта большинства модернизаций ХХ в. (СССР, Испания, новые индустриальные страны Юго-Восточной Азии, Латинская Америка, Китай послед- них трех десятилетий) суждению о том, что ключевым агентом модернизаций выступало государство развития, действовавшее преимущественно в режиме авторитаризма развития.
About definition of the notion «publicity of the authorities»
Authors: Sogomonyan V. E.
Published: August 2021

Автор статьи обращается к определению понятия «публичность власти». Анализируя закрепившиеся в постсоветской политической и политологической лексике дескрипции этого понятия, В. Согомонян доказывает, что понятие «публичность власти» не может определяться как способ действия власти или как уровень открытости канала коммуникации «власть - общество». По мнению автора, ключ к глубинному определению «публичности власти» следует искать не в ряду характеристик или качеств власти, а в ее свойствах и природе, в системе потребностей власти, тех, которые необходимы для осуществления основной и определяющей ее функции - функции управления. Это обратная сторона закрытости власти; та часть ее деятельности, которая не просто вариабельно может, но должна осуществляться исключительно в публичном пространстве и не может осуществляться в другом. Автор приходит к выводу, что под «публичностью власти» следует понимать комплекс тех действий власти, которые осуществляются в рамках следующих двух процессов: 1. перманентного информативного процесса распространения кодов управления, то есть - процесса распространения всеобщих приказов. Это комплекс необходимых для осуществления управления государством речевых действий власти, которые для достижения цели должны совершаться открыто, публично; 2. процесса совершения ритуальных и церемониальных действий, которые имеют целью создание или подтверждение легитимности/экзистенции власти.
Political Islamic Movements in Maghreb
Authors: Dolgov B. V.
Published: August 2021

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Islam in Israel
Authors: Nosenko T. V.
Published: August 2021

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Russia and crises situations around Iraq
Authors: Podzerob A. B.
Published: August 2021

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Israel Settlements on the Golan Heights
Authors: Krylov A. V.
Published: August 2021

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Turkey in the European Union Energy Security Activities
Authors: Pashkovskaya Y. G.
Published: August 2021

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Specific Linguistic Features of English Texts on International Relations
Authors: Vdovina O. A.
Published: August 2021

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Global Financial Crisis: Arab Perspective
Authors: Filonik A. O.
Published: August 2021

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Evolution of the Military Policy of the Federal Republic of Germany after unification
Authors: Parkhitko N. P.
Published: August 2021

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The soviet foreign policy in italian diplomatic documents of 1945
Authors: Mikhailenko V. I.
Published: August 2021

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The USSR and the Great Victory of 1945: the Polish Perspective
Authors: Volos M.
Published: August 2021

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Human Capital and it's role in Modernization of Russia
Authors: Podberezkin A. I.
Published: August 2021

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Gender and Social Inclusion Across the Sanitation Chain in Tamil Nadu – Assessment and Strategy
Authors: Krishnamurthy Ranjani , Sarangan Gayathri , Nagarajan Abhilaasha , Devaraj Reeba , Ramamoorthy Rajesh , Oviya Blessy , Natarajan Nandini
Published: August 2021

The Government of Tamil Nadu (GoTN) has prioritised the full sanitation chain, including the strengthening of septage management as an economical and sustainable complement to networkbased sewerage systems. The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF) is supporting the GoTN to achieve the Sanitation Mission of Tamil Nadu through the Tamil Nadu Urban Sanitation Support Programme (TNUSSP). TNUSSP Phase I (2015-2018) was designed to support GoTN and selected cities in making improvements along the entire urban sanitation chain. In the second phase (2018– 2020), TNUSSP seeks to go one step further and integrate a gender and social inclusion (GSI) perspective within its interventions at two sites – the city of Tiruchirappalli (Trichy), and the two town panchayats (TPs) of Periyanaicken-Palayam (PNP) and Narasimhanaicken-Palayam (NNP) in Coimbatore district – along the urban sanitation cycle and in its support provided at the State level.
تقويم تنفيذ برنامج التربية العملية في مدارس التعلم الأساسي من وجهة نظر الطلبة المطبقين
Authors: H. Hasan Hajer
Published: August 2021

يهدف البحث الحالي التعرف على تقويم تنفيذ برنامج التربية العملية في مدارس التعلم الأساسي من وجهة نظر الطلبة المطبقين, تكونت عينة البحث من (60) طالباً وطالبة من المرحلة الرابعة في قسم الاجتماعيات كلية التربية الأساسية الدراسات الصباحية بواقع (35) طالباً و(25) طالبة, ولتحقيق هدف البحث تطلب إعداد استبانة لقياس تقويم تنفيذ برنامج التربية العملية في مدارس التعلم الأساسي من وجهة نظر الطلبة المطبقين, وذلك بعد عرضها على مجموعة من المحكمين المختصين في اختصاص العلوم التربوية وطرائق التدريس, حيث تكونت أداة البحث من (33) فقرة في صيغتها النهائية ولكل فقرة (3) بدائل (كبيرة, متوسطة, قليلة), وبعد اجراءات الصدق والثبات للأداة تم التطبيق على العينة, وبعد جمع البيانات وتحليلها احصائياَ باستعمال معامل ارتباط بيرسون, والمتوسط الحسابي والانحراف المعياري والاختبار (t.test) لعينتين مستقلتين
POTENSI PAKAN DAN HABITAT ELANG JAWA (Nisaetus bartelsi Stresemann, 1924) DI BUKIT MAYANA KECAMATAN KADUGEDE KABUPATEN KUNINGAN
Authors: Alfiyasin Alfin Muhamad , Supartono Toto , Nurdin Nurdin
Published: August 2021

Elang jawa (Nisaetus bartelsi Stresemann, 1924) merupakan satwa liar endemik Jawa. Saat ini dilindungi perundang-undangan yang berlaku di Indonesia, yaitu Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 7 Tahun 1999 tentang pengawetan jenis tumbuhan dan satwa. Elang jawa memiliki status konservasi terancam punah (endengered) oleh IUCN Red list dan termasuk dalam CITES Apendik II. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pakan yang dimangsa oleh elang jawa yang meliputi keanekaragaman jenis dan kepadatannya serta sumberdaya habitat bagi kehidupan elang jawa. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kawasan Bukit Mayana Kecamatan Kadugede Kabupaten Kuningan, selama 3 bulan yaitu bulan Juli-Agustus 2017. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini untuk jenis burung yaitu point count atau IPA, untuk jenis mamalia yaitu transek garis (line transect) dan untuk jenis reptil yaitu Visual Encounter survey (VES). Berdasarkan hasil analisis potensi mangsa elang jawa di Kawasan Bukit Mayana Kecamatan Kadugede Kabupaten Kuningan teridentifikasi 9 jenis burung, 5 jenis mamalia dan 3 jenis reptil. Dilakukan analisis vegetasi untuk mengetahui habitat elang jawa dengan menggunakan metode garis berpetak di jalur inventarisai mangsa elang jawa. Hasil analisis vegetasi di Kawasan Bukit Mayana ditemukan 43 jenis, vegetasi tingkat tiang 22 jenis dan untuk tingkat pohon 39 jenis.
PERDAGANGAN SATWA LIAR JENIS KUKANG (Nycticebus sp) DI PASAR HEWAN PLERED KECAMATAN WERU KABUPATEN CIREBON
Authors: Nuraeni Erni , Supartono Toto , Deni Deni
Published: August 2021

Perdagangan satwa liar ilegal merupakan ancaman serius terhadap pelestarian satwa liar di Indonesia. Kukang adalah salah satu primata yang paling banyak diperdagangkan baik di pasar tradisional dan pasar online (cyber market). Masuknya kukang di Appendix I dari Konvensi Perdagangan yang Terancam Punah (CITES), menurut IUCN kukang dikategorikan sebagai Terancam Kritis. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, investigasi, literatur, wawancara berbagai pihak terkait perdagangan satwa liar. Analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis kualitatif dan deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada aktivitas perdagangan spesies kukang liar yang terjadi di pasar hewan Plered. Motif pedagang dipengaruhi oleh faktor ekonomi, fasilitas dan infrastruktur yang memadai, dan promosi oleh komunitas pecinta hewan melalui media sosial. Pola perdagangan satwa liar yang dilindungi melalui pemburu, pengepul, pedagang dan pembeli. Penegakan hukum di Indonesia tentang perdagangan satwa liar tercantum dalam Peraturan Pemerintah No. 7/1999 tentang Pelestarian Spesies Tanaman dan Satwa dan Undang-Undang No. 5 tahun 1990 tentang Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam Hayati dan Ekosistemnya serta Kementrian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan No. P.20/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/6/2018 tentang Jenis Tumbuhan dan Satwa yang Dilindungi. Upaya yang perlu dilakukan oleh pemerintah yaitu pendekatan dan pengawasan pemerintah untuk mengendalikan pembelian hewan. Memperkuat pelaksanaan pengamanan peraturan dan penegakan hukum yang konsisten terhadap pelanggaran. Kata kunci: perdagangan satwa liar; kukang; hewan yang dilindungi; terancam punah
Keanekaragaman Tanaman Pangan Kehutanan Pada Lahan Agroforestri Di Desa Haurkuning Kecamatan Nusaherang Kabupaten Kuningan
Authors: Rudiansah Dian , Nurlaila Ai , Karyaningsih Ika
Published: August 2021

Kebutuhan pangan terus meningkat dari tahun ke tahun dan salah satu upaya dalam meningkatkan produksi pangan adalah dengan mengolah lahan hutan yang berpotensi tanaman pangan dengan sistem agroforestri yang terdapat di Desa Haurkuning. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Maret hingga Juni 2018 dan bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman tanaman pangan kehutanan pada lahan agroforestri dan status budidayanya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode wawancara kepada setiap petani agroforestri yang memiliki luas 0,25 ha dengan cara random sampling. Menurut Peraturan Menteri Kehutanan: 35 / Kementerian Kehutanan-II / 2007 di Desa Haurkuning terdapat 19 jenis tanaman pangan yang terdiri dari 5 jenis tanaman sebagai sumber karbohidrat, 13 jenis tanaman penghasil buah dan 2 penghasil minyak lemak. 60% dari tanaman pangan ini dibudidayakan oleh masyarakat, yang meliputi penyiapan benih, penanaman, pemeliharaan, dan panen. Kata Kunci: Agroforestri; Status Budidaya; Keanekaragaman; Desa Haurkuning
Imaginative Animals. Leibniz's Logic of Imagination
Authors: Oliveri Lucia
Published: August 2021

Through the reconstruction of Leibniz's theory of the degrees of knowledge, this e-book investigates and explores the intrinsic relationship of imagination with space and time. The inquiry into this relationship defines the logic of imagination that characterizes both human and non-human animals, albeit differently, making them two different species of imaginative animals. Lucia Oliveri explains how the emergence of language in human animals goes hand in hand with the emergence of thought and a different form of rationality constituted by logical inferences based on identity and contradiction, principles that are out of reach of the imagination. The e-book concludes that the presence of innate principles in human animals transforms the way in which they sense-perceive the world, thereby constantly increasing the distinction between human and non-human animals.
Testbeurteilung und Testerstellung. Grundlagen der Teststatistik und Testtheorie für Pädagogen und Ausbilder in der Praxis
Authors: Schelten Andreas
Published: August 2021

In diesem Lehrbuch werden bestimmte Grundlagen der deskriptiven Statistik und verschiedene Methoden und Prinzipien der Testanwendung, Testbeurteilung und Testkonstruktion integriert dargestellt. Systematisch wird auch entwickelt, wie aus einer Klassenarbeit bzw. aus einer Schulaufgabe ein informeller Leistungstest entsteht. Das Buch ist mit vielfältigen Beispielen und Übungen versehen. Auch aufgrund der guten Lesbarkeit ist es zum Selbststudium geeignet.
Features of hypoxic resistance in children with bronchial asthma who have undergone a new coronavirus infection
Authors: Glazachev Oleg S. , Geppe Natalia A. , Timofeev Iurii S. , Shakhnazarova Marina D. , Kolosova Natalia G. , Samartseva Vlada G. , Dudnik Elena N. , Malakhov Aleksandr B. , Frolkova Elena V. , Kalinovskaya Irina I.
Published: August 2021

Aim. To study the characteristics of resistance/sensitivity to normobaric hypoxia in 50 children with bronchial asthma (BA) from 9 to 12 years old, 24 of them after a previous coronavirus infection СOVID-19.
Materials and methods. A normobaric hypoxic test (HT) was carried out by creating hypoxemia (threshold level SpO2 80%) during mask inhalation of a gas mixture with 1011% O2 by a child using a ReOxy Cardio apparatus (Ai Mediq S.A., Luxembourg). The data obtained were compared with the results in a group of healthy children the same age.
Results. It was found that the integral level of hypoxic resistance of children with BA was generally lower in comparison with the group of healthy children, which was manifested in lower values of the hypoxic index (3.11.4, in the group of healthy children 4.92.8, p=0.005), a significantly increased level of tachycardia and a hypotonic response to dosed hypoxia.
Conclusion. When typing reactions to HT, it was found that in children with BA, the type of low resistance to hypoxia is more common (to a greater extent in children with BA after a coronavirus infection), which confirms the need to involve such children in comprehensive rehabilitation programs.
Therapy of bronchial asthma in children: age-related aspects
Authors: Geppe Natalia A. , Kondiurina Elena G. , Reviakina Vera A. , Malakhov Aleksandr B. , Kolosova Natalia G.
Published: August 2021

Bronchial asthma (BA) is a disease that is one of the most frequent chronic diseases of childhood. Characteristic clinical symptoms of BA are wheezing, cough, difficulty in breathing, shortness of breath and, of course, recurrent episodes of bronchial obstruction. They require mandatory clarification of family and individual allergoanamnesis, assessment of symptoms, differential diagnosis with other diseases that may occur with BA. The Global Initiative for the Treatment and Prevention of Bronchial Asthma (GINA 20202021) preserves and develops the ageappropriate approach to verification of diagnosis and therapy selection, which is supported in the Russian National Program "Bronchial Asthma in Children" and in the Russian clinical guidelines "Bronchial Asthma 2021 When the diagnosis of BA is made, therapy should be started as early as possible. Administration of low-dose inhaled glucocorticosteroids (IGCS) immediately after the diagnosis allows not only to control the inflammatory process, which is the basis of BA, but also to reduce the severity of exacerbations. IGCS are the most effective drugs for children of any age, they ensure control of the disease and reduce the risk of AD exacerbations.