bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dijital Materyallerde Kullanılan Etkileşimlerin Türlerine Yönelik Öğrenci Deneyimleri
Authors: TAŞLIBEYAZ Elif , DURSUN Onur Burak , KARAMAN Selçuk
Published: September 2018

Tüm eğitim alanlarında dijital materyallerin
kullanılması oldukça popülerdir. Öğrenciler de bu alanlarda kullanılan dijital
materyallerin etkili öğrenmeyi destekleme açısından faydalı olduğunu
düşünmektedirler. Son zamanlarda bu materyallere, etkiyi artırmak amacıyla
etkileşim özelliği eklenmektedir. Dijital materyallerdeki etkileşim, kullanılan
materyal ile ilgili kullanıcıya kontrol şansı veren ve kullanıcıların bilişsel
süreçlerini aktifleştirmelerine yardım eden bir bileşen olarak
tanımlanmaktadır. Etkileşimli videolar ile ilgili çalışmalara bakıldığında, bu
videoların, öğrenme ve ilgi çekme açısından etkileşimiz olanlara nazaran daha
etkili olduğu görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada ise öğrencilerin dijital materyallerde
kullanılan etkileşim türlerine yönelik bilişsel süreçlerinin ve deneyimlerinin incelenmesi
amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışmasına
yer verilmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, Atatürk Üniversitesi Tıp
Fakültesi’nde öğrenim gören 36 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma sürecinde
öğrencilerden, etkileşimli bir materyali kullanmaları istenmiş ve onlara materyaldeki
etkileşim türleri ile ilgili etkileşim türlerini değerlendirme anketi uygulanmıştır.
Ayrıca öğrencilerden bu etkileşim türlerinin kullanım ve faydalarına yönelik
görüşler, sesli düşünme protokolü yardımıyla alınmıştır. Elde edilen anket
sonuçları betimsel analize tabi tutulmuştur. Sesli düşünme protokolünden elde
edilen veriler ise içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Sonuç olarak; etkileşimli
videolarda yer alan etkileşim türlerinin karar verme, akılda kalıcılığı sağlama
konularında fayda sağladığı görülmüştür. Ayrıca videolarda en çok yönlendirme
etkileşiminin beğenildiği ortaya çıkmıştır. Diyalog kurma etkileşiminin ise
zihinsel süreçleri harekete geçirdiği için faydalı bulunduğu görülmüştür.
9-12 Yaş Çocukların Estetik Değer Algılarının İncelenmesi
Authors: Demirel İrfan Nihan
Published: September 2018

Araştırmanın amacı, 9-12 yaş çocukların estetik değer
algılarının incelenmesidir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Karadeniz Bölgesinde
öğrenim gören, 9-12 yaş aralığındaki toplam 1021 (534 kız; 487 erkek) öğrenci
oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma karma yöntem araştırma desenlerinden yakınsayan
paralel desen yaklaşımıyla yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın nicel boyutunda Mazman
Budak (2012) tarafından geliştirilen sanat ve estetik değer tutum ölçeği;
nitel boyutunda metafor yoluyla veri toplama formu kullanılmıştır. Araştırma
sonuçları kız çocukların erkek çocuklara göre sanat ve estetik değer tutum
puanlarının daha olumlu olduğunu ve yaş düzeyi ilerledikçe kişinin estetik
değer kavramına ilişkin bakış açısı, yaşam düzeyi ve güzel kavramını algılama
eğiliminin farklılaştığını göstermiştir. Ayrıca çocukların estetik kavramını
genel olarak cerrahi bir müdahale, fiziksel görünüm ya da esneklik olarak
algıladıklarını; sanatsal anlamda kişiye zevk ya da heyecan veren bir duygu
olarak da estetik haz kavramı üzerine yoğunlaştıklarını göstermiştir.
Öğretmen Adaylarının Epistemolojik İnançlarının Çeşitli Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: Aslan Serkan , Aybek Birsel
Published: September 2018

Epistemolojik inançlar bilginin kesinliği, bilginin
kaynağı, bilginin birey tarafından oluşturulması, bilginin öğrenilmesi ve
bilginin yapısıyla ilgili öznel inanç sistemlerini tanımlamaktadır.
Epistemolojik inançlar bir öğretmenin öğretim yöntemini, sınıf yönetimi gibi
boyutlarda vereceği kararlarını ve seçimlerini etkilemektedir. Bu bakımdan
öğretmen adaylarının epistemolojik inançlarını çeşitli değişkenler açısından
inceleyip genel bir resmini ortaya koymak önem taşımaktadır. Bu araştırmanın
amacı, öğretmen adaylarının epistemolojik inançlarını çeşitli değişkenler
açısından incelemektir. Araştırmanın modelini, tarama modellerinden betimsel
tarama modeli oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın evrenini 2016-2017 eğitim-öğretim
akademik yılında bir devlet üniversitesindeki eğitim fakültesinde öğrenim gören
öğretmen adayları oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemi basit tesadüfi
yöntemle seçilmiş 429 öğretmen adayı oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada, kişisel
bilgiler formu ile Aypay (2011) tarafından Türkçe'ye uyarlanan "Epistemolojik
İnanç Ölçeği" kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde betimsel istatistik ve
çok değişkenli varyans analizi (MANOVA) kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda,
öğretmen adaylarının öğrenme süreci, doğuştan/sabit yetenek, bilginin kesinliği
alt boyutlarına "kısmen katılıyorum" düzeyinde ve öğrenme çabası alt
boyutuna "katılıyorum" düzeyinde görüş belirttikleri görülmüştür.
Öğretmen adaylarının epistemolojik inançları ile cinsiyetleri arasında
doğuştan/sabit yetenek ile bilginin kesinliği alt boyutunda erkek öğretmen
adaylarının lehine anlamlı farklılık bulunmuştur. Öğretmen adaylarının
epistemolojik inanç ölçeğine ait boyutları ile sınıf düzeyi, üniversiteye giriş
puan türü ve öğrenim görülen bölüm değişkenleri açısından anlamlı farklık elde
edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara dayalı olarak çeşitli
öneriler geliştirilmiştir.
An Analysis of Some Variables Influencing Parental Attitudes towards Technology and Application Use and Digital Game Playing Habits in the Preschool Period
Authors: KANAK Mehmet , ÖZYAZICI Kadriye
Published: September 2018

The study was conducted
in order to investigate young children’s interaction with digital technology
in relation to a range of variables. The study population consisted of young
children between 0 and 72 months of age who lived in the city of Sivas in 2017
as well as the parents of these children. 414 voluntary parents were included
in the sample by means of random sampling method. “A Scale for Measuring
Parental Attitudes towards Digital Game Playing and Application Use Habits in
the Preschool Period”, a tool developed by the researchers, and the personal
information form that involved demographic information were used as data
collection tools. SPSS 17 was applied for statistical analysis of the data. As
to the types of digital tools, 99% of the participants had a smart phone,
70.8% had a tablet computer and 12.1% had a game console in their houses.
Besides, 39.6% of the participant children owned a personal digital device. As
a result of the study, children’s favorite digital device was found to be
smart phones. Children who lived within a nuclear family and spent most of
their time using a smart phone and who had a personal digital device were
found to use digital devices more than did their peers in families which did
not engage in outdoor activities or read stories together.
Comparison of efficacy of intraarticular polyacrylamide hydrogel and methylprednisolone acetate in patients with knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Issın Ahmet , Koçkara Nizamettin , Çamurcu İsmet Yalkın
Published: September 2018

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare and evaluate the efficacy of intraarticular methylprednisolone acetate and an intra-articular polyacrylamide hydrogel in patients with different stages of knee osteoarthritis. Materials and Methods: Patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis and history of failed pharmacotherapy or physiotherapy interventions were included in this study. The first 64 consecutive patients got intra-articular polyacrylamide hydrogel, the latter 79 consecutive patients got intra-articular methylprednisolone acetate. Patients were evaluated by WOMAC score and self-assessment questions. Results: There was no statistically significance difference between groups when WOMAC scores and answers of self-assessment questions were compared. Conclusion: Intra-articular use of polyacrylamide hydrogel was not superior to methylprednisolone acetate, for patients with knee osteoarthritis.
Clavicula morfometrisinin klinik önemi
Authors: Özşahin Esin , Erdem Hüseyin , Boyan Neslihan , Oğuz Özkan
Published: September 2018

Amaç: Clavicula üst ekstremite ve gövde arasındaki kemik bağlantıdır. Bu çalışma, clavicula’nın anatomik yapısı ve morfometrik ölçümlerini belirlemek amacı ile yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada cinsiyeti belli olmayan yetişkin Anadolu insanına ait 66 adet clavicula (34 sol, 32 sağ) ölçülmüştür. Clavicula’nın; maksimum uzunluğu, orta noktasının çevresi, extremitas acromialis’in superior inferior ve anterior posterior kalınlığı, lateral sınırı ile linea trapezoidea orta noktası arası mesafe, impressio costoclavicularis maksimum uzunluğu, impressio costoclavicularis maksimum genişliği, fascies sternalis’in maksimum uzunluğu, fascies sternalis’in maksimum genişliği, fascies acromialis’in  maksimum uzunluğu, fascies acromialis’in maksimum genişliği, konkav açı ölçülmüş ve ayrıca Robustness indeksi (dayanıklılık indeksi) hesaplanmıştır. Bulgular: Clavicula’nın; maksimum uzunluğu 136.19±13.41 mm; extremitas acromialis’in superior inferior kalınlığı 10.59±2.15 mm;  extremitas acromialis’in anterior posterior kalınlığı 21.62±3.87 mm; lateral sınırı ile linea trapezoidea orta noktası arası mesafe 17.06±3.83 mm; impressio costoclavicularis maksimum uzunluğu 16.51±5.11 mm; impressio costoclavicularis maksimum genişliği 8.07±2.88 mm;  fascies sternalis’in maksimum uzunluğu 16.58±3.22 mm; fascies sternalis’in maksimum genişliği 20.26±3.29 mm; fascies acromialis’in  maksimum uzunluğu 9.10±2.55 mm;  fascies acromialis’in maksimum genişliği 14.74±3.43 mm; konkav açı  139.43±8.25º; clavicula’nın orta noktasının çevresi 3.57±0.46 mm ölçülmüş ve ayrıca Robustness indeksi (dayanıklılık indeksi) 2.63±0.32 olarak  hesaplanmıştır.Sonuç: Clavicula’nın anatomik yapısı ve morfometrik ölçümlerinin saptanması özellikle akut ayrışmış corpus clavicula kırıklarında ve claviculayı ilgilendiren diğer pek çok patolojilerde klinik açıdan önemlidir.
Mallory-Weiss Sendromunda Tanı, Klinik Seyir ve Endoskopik Tedavi
Authors: AKPINAR Muhammet Yener , KILIÇ Zeki Mesut Yalın , ÖZTAŞ Erkin , GÖKBULUT Volkan , KALKAN İsmail Hakkı , AKDOĞAN KAYHAN Meral , KAÇAR Sabite , GÖKCAN Hale , ÖZDERİN ÖZİN Yasemin , KAYAÇETİN Ertuğrul
Published: September 2018

Giriş ve Amaç: Mallory-Weiss sendromu üst gastrointestinal sistem kanamalarının %1-4 kadarından sorumludur. Çoğu Mallory-Weiss sendromu spesifik endoskopik tedavi gerektirmeyen bir şekilde hafif kanama ile seyreder; bununla beraber bazı olgularda kanama abondan olabilir. Ülser kanamalarından farklı olarak Mallory-Weiss sendromunda endoskopik tedavi çok iyi standartize edilmemiştir. Biz bu çalışmamızda kendi olgularımızın demografik özelliklerini, uygulanılan endoskopik tedavileri ve hastaların klinik seyirlerini karşılaştırmayı hedefledik. Gereç ve Yöntem: Türkiye Yüksek İhtisas Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Endoskopi ünitesinde 2010-2017 tarihleri arasında Mallory-Weiss sendromu tanısı almış hastalar retrospektif olarak incelendi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya toplam 37 hasta (erkek/kadın: 29/8, yaş ortalaması: 63,4±19,4) dahil edildi. Bu hastaların Mallory-Weiss laserasyonu endoskopi esnasında oluşan hasta sayısı 15 olup hastaların 27 tanesinde aktif kanama belirtisi vardı. Primer hemostaz 25 hastada %92,5 sıklıkta izlendi. Aktif kanama belirtisi olan hastalara uygulanılan endoskopik tedaviler adrenalin enjeksiyonu, klips uygulaması, heater prob idi. Mallory-Weiss sendromu oluşumuna göre hastalar iatrojenik Mallory-Weiss sendromu olan ve olmayan hastalar olarak iki gruba ayrıldı. Hastanede yatış varlığı, eritrosit süspansiyonu verilme ihtiyacı, aktif kanama belirtisi varlığı, hiatal herni varlığı ve uygulanılan endoskopik tedaviler karşılaştırıldığında bu parametreler açısından gruplar arasında fark yoktu. Toplam 27 hastaya klips uygulaması yapılmıştı; bu hastaların 19 tanesine sadece klips uygulanırken 8 tanesine ise klips ile beraber adrenalin uygulaması yapıldı. Hastalarımızda mortalite izlenmedi. Sonuç: Mallory-Weiss sendromlu çoğu hasta klinik olarak benign seyir gösterse de bu hastaların şiddetli kanama ile beraber olacakları akılda tutulmalıdır. Hemoklipsler tedavide etkin ve güvenli bir endoskopik tedavi yöntemidir.
Yetişkin hastalarda Schatzki halkası: 3. basamak merkezi deneyimi
Authors: KAPLAN Mustafa , GÖKBULUT Volkan , COŞKUN Orhan , AKSOY Adem , ÖZTAŞ Erkin , KAYAÇETİN Ertuğrul
Published: September 2018

Giriş
ve Amaç: Shatzki halkası özofagus alt kısmında lümeni halka
veya yüzük şeklinde daraltan yapılardır. Bu çalışmada Shatzki halkasının endoskopik
bulgular ve diğer hastalıklar ile ilişkisini araştırmayı amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma Ocak
2014-Aralık 2015 tarihleri arasında endoskopi yapılan hastaların kayıtları
incelenerek retrospektif olarak yapılmıştır. Toplamda 5.000 endoskopi kaydı
incelenmiş ve Shatzki halkası tespit edilen 104 hasta çalışmaya dahil
edilmiştir.  Bulgular: Araştırma popülasyonu 46 kadın (%44,2) ve 58 erkek (%55,8)  erkek hasta olmak üzere 104 kişiden oluştu.
Hastaların ortalama yaşı 60,8±14,1 yıldı. Hastaların en sık başvuru
endikasyonları disfaji (%26), dispepsi (%38,5) ve karın ağrısı (%28,8) idi.
Endoskopi bulguları incelendiğinde hastaların %53,8’inde reflü özofajit,
%50’sinde hiatal herni tespit edildi. Özofageal divertikül %4,8, başka web %1,
özofageal ülser %5.7, özofageal polip %0,9, özofagus varisleri %1,9, özofagus
motilite bozuklukluğu (hipertrofik alt özofagus sfinkteri) %1,9 ve Barrett
özofagus %3,8 hastada tespit edildi. Hastaların %58’inde Helicobacter pylori, %19’unda demir eksikliği anemisi ve  %5,7’sinde vitamin B12 eksikliği saptandı. Sonuç:
Shatzki
halkası aralıklı disfajinin önemli sebeplerinden biri olup reflü özofajit,
hiatal herni ve demir eksikliği anemisi ile birliktelik göstermektedir.
Neogarantismo en el sistema de riesgos laborales
Authors: Torres Tarazana Luis Alberto
Published: September 2018

Comprehensive social security system development involves professional risk, today, workplace hazards, therefore, this article aims primarily to present to the academic community if such regulation contributes to the assurance of the system itself within a rule of law or otherwise deviates from its end.
 
To solve this modification yeah occupational hazards system responds to the application of neogarantismo?, Which will result  in the application of the principie  of universality must therefore be addressed  the concept of risk as well as the changes caused by the 1562 law, 2012.
Reglas de prueba en el incidente de reparación integral
Authors: Peláez Mejía José María
Published: September 2018

This paper aims to elucidate what evidentiary rules that must be applied in the event of full compensation, since in the Colombian legal practice is difficult to establish if they are to be the Code of Procedure of the General presented are or the Code of Criminal Procedure, there being no agreement yet on that aspect. Therefore, and for such purposes will first proceed to define the legal problem, showing various responses given by the national law, then provide a plausible solution to that question from the point of view of jurisprudence and constitutional.
Análisis del conflicto y la mediación como método de resolución
Authors: Ayala Peñaranda Gerson Eduardo
Published: September 2018

The conflict and the mediation in a conceptual way have created an interdisciplinary field in which you can find a wide variety of analysis of different authors. This paper aims to review the conflict concepts and the mediation, specifically as a resolution method. We review both issues from a theoretical analysis, developed especially by Josep Redorta for conflicts and Christopher Moore for the mediation of allowing to limit concepts that represent great importance to our society. This review allows, one hand, to explore the structure, the cycle and the typology of conflicts and the other, to set out the different ways to find conflict resolution and the description of the steps needed to achieve mediation.
Análisis de la supervisión del contrato estatal
Authors: Jaime Mármol Gabriel
Published: September 2018

Although it seems minar theme supervision of contracts by state agencies, can not be treated as a purely formally issue because it is from it that the prerogatives of power assigned to the authority consider are activated such figure is the link that connects it to the contractor during contract execution; is part of the hypothesis under which appropriate administrative measures preventive, corrective, punitive, character should be adopted and even allowing the act watchdogs upon the occurrence of any events that violate provisions of criminal, disciplinary or tax. That is why the subject should be appointed to develop minimum quality in the knowledge of the activity resulting flat contracted obligations to meet, and even more when you attend activities more complex and varied aspects, for which teams should be formed plural of supervisors, or support for it. Therefore, the non-appointment of the supervisor is not an omission without repercussions, since this role will always be assigned who legally represents the entity or his or her delegate contractual competition, but may be invoked as a defense to liability not competent against the practica! case in which the contractual object is developed. To this should be considered the new addition that she is credited as a mechanism to combat corruption , in spite that it is not in the contractual stage where the greatest acts that infect harmful practices that attempt hover administrative morality; become relevant hence the different aspects of it , that is, identifying characteristics which distinguish the auditing, beyond his name; meet legal duties, the designated subject and suitability, etc.
Responsabilidad y culpa médica
Authors: Árias Fonseca Jaime Luis
Published: September 2018

Toe present paper examines the concepts of bibliographically liability and medical fault in Colombia as a derivative liability. To that end, is performed first, an overview of the historical background of this figure with special mention of casuistry provided essentially Roman law. And second, to support the doctrine and jurisprudence, medical guilt as a principal element and generator obliged to compensate the damage caused to the patient is approached, before landing in a medical liability contextualization emerges basically it.
ZAYIF FORMDA PİYASA ETKİNLİĞİNİN TÜRKİYE HİSSE SENEDİ PİYASASINDA TEST EDİLMESİ
Authors: TURAN KURTARAN Ayten , KURTARAN Ahmet , KURTARAN ÇELİK Melike
Published: September 2018

Bu
çalışmanın amacı zayıf formda piyasa etkinliğinin Türkiye’deki hisse senedi
piyasası için test edilmesidir. Bu amaçla Borsa İstanbul’da yer alan 9 endeks
çalışma kapsamına alınmıştır. Borsa İstanbul’da yer alan endekslerin zayıf
formda etkinliğe sahip olup olmadığını tespit etmek için günlük kapanış
fiyatları kullanılarak birim kök testi yapılmıştır. Analiz dönemi 2006-2015
yılları arasını kapsamaktadır. Birim kök testi olarak Genişletilmiş Dickey Fuller
kullanılmıştır. Yapılan analiz sonuçlarına göre ele alınan 9 endeks içerisinde BIST100,
BIST50, BIST30, BIST Tüm, BIST Tüm-100, BIST Sınai, BIST Mali ve BIST Hizmetler
endekslerinin test istatistikleri anlamsız çıkmış ve bu serilerde birim kökün
varlığı dolayısıyla endekslerin zayıf formda etkinliğe sahip olmadıkları
görülmüştür. Endeksler içerisinde yalnızca BIST100-30 endeksinin test
istatistiği %10 düzeyinde anlamlı bulunmuş ve dolayısıyla zayıf formda
etkinliğe sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
İletişim Eğitimi Alan Ön lisans ve Lisans Öğrencilerinin Reklamcılık Mesleğine Yönelik Algı Karşılaştırması: Pamukkale Üniversitesi Örneği
Authors: BOZKURT Yasemin , SOYLU Ali
Published: September 2018

Bir
mesleğin sahip olduğu çalışma ortamı, koşulları ve sunduğu kariyer
olanaklarının, özellikle bireyin mesleki kariyerini şekillendirmesini ve
gelecekte göstereceği performansı etkileyeceği düşünülmektedir.
Üniversitelerdeki eğitim sürecinde belirginleşen meslek algısının, ön lisans ve
lisans eğitim süreçleriyle ilgili bir takım farklılıkların olması nedeniyle
farklılaşacağı tahmin edilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, iletişim alanında
eğitim alan lisans ve ön lisans öğrencilerinin reklamcılık mesleğine yönelik
algılarını karşılaştırmaktır. Bu doğrultuda amaca dayalı örneklem yöntemi
kullanılarak belirlenen 182 lisans, 232 ön lisans öğrencisine anket
uygulanmıştır. Araştırma bulguları, lisans ve önlisans öğrencilerinin
reklamcılık mesleğine yönelik algıları açısından bir takım benzerlik ve
farklılıkların olduğunu göstermektedir. Lisans öğrencileri önlisans
öğrencilerine göre reklamcılık mesleğini, eğlenceli, ilgi çekici, yeteneklerini
kullanmasına olanak sağlayan, entelektüel kariyer fırsatı yaratan, çalışanların
iyi anlaşabileceği bir ortam sunan ve kariyer olanaklarının çok olduğu bir
meslek olarak algılamaktadır.
Cardioprotective effect of vitamin D and melatonin on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rat model: an electrocardiographic, scintigraphic and biochemical study
Authors: GÜL Serdar Savaş , AYGÜN Hatice
Published: September 2018

Objectives: Doxorubicin
(DOX) is an antineoplastic drug that is widely used in
chemotherapy but its cardiotoxicity is the most important side effect that limits the clinical use of this drug. We
investigated DOX treatment and the effects of vitamin D and melatonin on heart
by electrocardiography, scintigraphic and biochemical methods. Methods: In
this study, forty-nine adult male Wistar albino
rats (220 ± 15 g) were randomly divided
into seven groups (n  =  7 each), namely control (CON, n = 7), doxorubicin (DOX,
n = 7), melatonin (MEL, n = 7), vitamin D (Vit D, n = 7), doxorubicin plus melatonin (DOX+MEL,
n = 7), doxorubicin
plus
vitamin D (DOX+Vit D, n = 7), and doxorubicin plus melatonin and vitamin D (DOX+MEL+Vit
D, n = 7) groups. Cardiotoxicity was induced by
intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) of DOX (18 mg/kg, i.p.) on the 15th,
16th and 17th days.
Rats receiving vitamin D and melatonin treatment in the DOX-induced
cardiotoxicity group received vitamin D (60,000 IU/kg, i.p.) were administered
in a single dose and melatonin (40 mg/kg/day, i.p.) for 17 days and were
injected with (18 mg/kg, i.p.) on doxorubicin 15th,
16th, and 17th days. On the 18th day
electrocardiography (ECG), 99mTechnetium pyrophosphate scintigraphy
and biochemical parameters were assessed. Results: DOX
caused changes in the ECG pattern, a significant decrease in heartbeat (p < 0.01), P wave (p < 0.001) and QRS complex durations
(p < 0.001), R wave amplitude (p < 0.001); elevation in ST-segment (p < 0.001) and decrease in QT
interval (p < 0,001),  and R-R interval durations (p < 0.001); increase in the serum levels of cardiac injury markers
(CK, BUN, cardiac troponin T), (p < 0.01), and increased 99mTechnetium pyrophosphate
uptake (p < 0.001) as
compared to the CON group. MEL,
Vit D and MEL+Vit D administration showed a same protective effect against
DOX-induced altered ECG pattern. Pre-treatment with MEL, Vit D and MEL+Vit D significantly
protected the heart from the toxic effect of DOX, by decreasing the levels of of cardiac injury markers (CK, BUN, cardiac troponin
T) (p < 0.001) and
decreased the elevated level of 99mTechnetium pyrophosphate
uptake (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: Vitamin D and melatonin treatment
prevented all the parameters of DOX-induced
cardiotoxicity in rats.
Transition of Premature Infants From Hospital to Home Life
Authors: Lopez Greta L. , Anderson Kathryn Hoehn , Feutchinger Johanna
Published: September 2018

Purpose: To conduct an integrative literature review to studies that focus on the transition of premature infants from neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to home.

Method: A literature search was performed in Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PubMed, and MEDLINE to identify studies consisting on the transition of premature infants from hospital to home life.

Results: The search yielded seven articles that emphasized the need for home visits, child and family assessment methods, methods of keeping contact with health care providers, educational and support groups, and described the nurse’s role in the transition program. The strategy to ease the transition differed in each article.

Conclusion: Home visits by a nurse were a key component by providing education, support, and nursing care. A program therefore should consist of providing parents of premature infants with home visits implemented by a nurse or staying in contact with a nurse (e.g., via videoconference).
Challenges of Implementation of a Web-Camera System in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Rhoads Sarah J. , Green Angela L. , Lewis Shannon D. , Rakes Laura
Published: September 2018

Over the past ten years, web-cameras often have been used in the NICU to support parents and connect families with their hospitalized neonate. This article describes the history of images and video use in the NICU to aid in linking parents and then focuses on the challenges and lessons learned through redesign, installation, and management of a new web-camera system. Technology can support NICU families, and when implemented with input from nurses and families, the process can be a positive experience.
Victims of Serious Violence and Their Criminal Behavior: Subcultural Theory and Beyond
Authors: Singer Simon I.
Published: September 2018

This paper looks at the relationship between the experiences of the victim of a serious crime and that of the offender. It shows that, in some cases, the victim experience is an important predictor of criminal behavior. An analysis of self-reported and officially recorded offense and victimization data supports the hypothesized relationship between victim and offender experiences. The results have implications for subcultural theory and a dynamic analysis of how patterns of assaultive violence are created and maintained.
Television and Violent Criminal Behavior: Beyond the Bobo Doll
Authors: Heath Linda , Kruttschnitt Candace , Ward David
Published: September 2018

This study builds on the research concerning television viewing and aggression by extending the external validity, or generalizability, of the dependent variable. We assess the relationship between self-reported television viewing at 8, 10, and 12 years of age and the subsequent commission of a violent criminal act. This study is based on interview data from 48 males incarcerated for violent crimes and 45 nonincarcerated, nonviolent males matched on age, race, and neighborhood of residence during adolescence. Results show that the extent of a respondent’s reported television viewing was not, in and of itself, predictive of violent criminal acts. Instead, it was the interaction of heavy doses of television viewing and exposure to either maternal or paternal abuse that related to violent crime. These findings support the efforts of some recent scholars in their attempts to understand why television has a negative effect on only some viewers. The results are discussed in light of the cognitive formulations of neoassociationism, encoding specificity, and the double-dose effect.
Factors Related to Coercive Sexual Behavior in a Nonclinical Sample of Males
Authors: Murphy William D. , Coleman Emily M. , Haynes Mary R.
Published: September 2018

The sexual coercion literature has suggested numerous factors related to aggressive sexual behavior. The present investigation explores a number of these factors in a community sample. Data collected from 189 volunteers from the community included measures of sexual arousal, social perception, personality variables, attitudes toward women, and self-reported likelihood to rape. Multiple-regression analyses were used to determine the relative association of these factors to coercive sexual behavior. The present findings suggested that social perception, Extraversion and Neuroticism from the Eysenck Personality Inventory, sexual arousal, and self-reported likelihood to rape all contributed to the multiple regression. Rape Myth Acceptance, although not contributing significantly to the multiple regression, did show a significant zero-order correlation with coercive sexual behavior.

Additional analyses were performed in an attempt to replicate an earlier predictive study by Malamuth and Check (1983) that found self-reported sexual arousal to be predicted by a combination of self-reported likelihood to rape, Psychoticism and Neuroticism from the Eysenck Personality Inventory, power motivation, and sexual experience. In the present study, both self-reported sexual arousal and penile tumescence measures were significantly related to attitudinal measures, social perception measures, and self-reported likelihood to rape. Limitations of the present study and suggestions for future research are discussed.
Violence in the Marital Dyad as a Predictor of Violence in the Peer Relationships of Older Adolescents/Young Adults
Authors: Cantrell Peggy J. , MacIntyre Daniel I. , Sharkey Kevin J. , Thompson Vincent
Published: September 2018

This study used self-report of older adolescent/young adult children from a general college population to examine if violent parental conflict tactics predict the use of similarly violent tactics in the same-sex and opposite-sex peer relationships of offspring. Conflict Tactics Scale data from 256 subjects indicate that parental violence within the marital dyad is predictive of violence in both same-sex and opposite-sex peer relationships. Surprisingly high frequencies of violence were reported within parents’ marriages and by subjects in their current peer relationships. Implications of these findings are discussed.
Using Couple Data to Determine Domestic Violence Rates: An Attempt to Replicate Previous Work
Authors: Bohannon Judy R. , Dosser David A. , Lindley S. Eugene
Published: September 2018

Research methodology using only one spouse to report for the couple has been questioned. Szinovacz (1983) reported higher rates of violence when both spouses responded to six items on Straus’s Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS). The purpose of this study was to replicate her methodology by using all items measuring severe violence in the latest CTS scale with 94 military couples, to see if couple reports of violence indicated higher rates of violence compared to individual spouses’ reports. Results were similar to Szinovacz’s findings, and support the advisability of using both spouses to report violence in marriages.
Repeat Victims of Violence in an Urban Trauma Center
Authors: Buss Terry F. , Abdu Rashid
Published: September 2018

Repeat victims of violence are overwhelming urban trauma centers, yet little is written about them in the medical literature. This study combined medical record and survey data to study urban trauma recidivism among patients presenting at the Emergency Department [ED] of St. Elizabeth Hospital in Youngstown, Ohio during a 4-year period. Two-fifths of urban trauma patients were repeat victims. Repeat victims were more likely to be poor African-American males, have substance abuse and mental health problems, and live in neighborhoods where violence is pervasive. Most have no health insurance. Demographic characteristics were less important in explaining recidivism than were the circumstances surrounding violent behaviors. ED physicians must be trained to take into account a wide variety of environmental, personal, and circumstantial factors in treating and managing urban trauma patients. This may require reforms in health care financing.
Generalized Versus Spouse-Specific Anger/Hostility and Men’s Violence Against Intimates
Authors: Boyle Douglas J. , Vivian Dina
Published: September 2018

The present study examined the extent to which generalized versus spouse-specific anger/hostility was associated with partner violence in 263 men seeking conjoint marital therapy. Clinic men were classified as nonviolent (NV), moderately violent (MV), and severely violent (SV). A community comparison group of relationship-satisfied, nonviolent men (CO) was also included. All clinic men reported higher levels of generalized and spouse-specific anger, spouse-specific aggression/hostility, depressive symptomatology and lower spouse-specific assertiveness than community men. SV men reported higher levels of spouse-specific anger/hostility, relationship discord, depressive symptomatology, and lower general problem-solving ability than NV men. Regression analyses confirmed that spouse-specific anger/hostility, low problem-solving ability, and relationship discord were significant predictors of men’s violence. Overall, generalized anger and hostility were not unique predictors of men’s violence against intimates.
Comparing the Emotional Reactions and Behavioral Intentions of Violent and Nonviolent Husbands to Aggressive, Distressed, and Other Wife Behaviors
Authors: Holtzworth-Munroe Amy , Smutzler Natalie
Published: September 2018

The present study was designed to compare the self-reported emotional reactions and behavioral intentions of violent and nonviolent husbands to a variety of wife behaviors depicted with standardized stimuli. We recruited four subject groups, including 25 men beginning domestic violence treatment programs and three groups from the community—21 maritally violent and maritally distressed men, 23 nonviolent/distressed men, and 28 nonviolent/nondistressed men. Using stimuli and measures derived from Biglan, Rothlind, Hops, and Sherman (1989), along with stimuli designed for this study, subjects read written descriptions and examples of various wife statements (e.g., aggressive, distressed, and facilitative) and viewed videotaped depictions of wife behaviors varying in verbal content and nonverbal affect (i.e., aggressive/irritated, aggressive/dysphoric, distressed/irritated, and distressed/dysphoric). In response to each wife behavior, subjects rated what their emotional reactions (e.g., sympathetic, caring, supportive, sad, anxious, irritated, angry) and their behavioral responses (e.g., try to comfort, say something supportive, discuss the subject, not say anything, say something hostile, argue) would be. As predicted, in response to a wide range of wife behaviors, and relative to nonviolent men, violent men were less likely to report sympathetic/positive emotions and more likely to experience anger and irritation, but not other negative (i.e., sad or anxious) emotions. They were also more likely to report negative behavioral intentions and less likely to report positive behavioral intentions. The theoretical and clinical implications of these findings are discussed.
The Role of Blame, Distress, and Anger in the Hypermasculine Man
Authors: Downs Kala , Gold Steven R.
Published: September 2018

Research has demonstrated an association between the hypermasculine personality pattern and a history of sexually aggressive behavior. This study was conducted to examine emotions experienced by hypermasculine or macho men when prevented from attaining a goal relevant to their sense of attractiveness and sexuality by a woman. It was hypothesized that macho males would respond to high and moderate threats to their masculine identity with greater blame and anger than nonmacho males. Macho men’s blame was hypothesized to mediate the transformation of negative emotions such as distress into anger. After screening with the Hypermasculinity Inventory, 34 high hypermasculine and 36 low hypermasculine men were assigned to one of three experimental conditions in which the feedback received from a female partner was either highly threatening, moderately threatening, or neutral in nature. Measures of emotion and blame were collected after the men received their feedback. Results of the study indicated that macho and nonmacho men differed only in the moderate threat condition. Macho men in this condition reported greater anger yet less blame than the nonmacho men. The pattern of results is most consistent with Berkowitz’s cognitive-neoassociationistic model of emotion, which does not require blame for anger to occur, as does Lazarus’s cognitive-motivational-relational theory of emotion. Results of the study suggest that anger in macho men is associated with the level of surprise in a situation.
Impact of Expert Testimony on the Believability of Repressed Memories
Authors: Sugarman David B. , Boney-McCoy Sue
Published: September 2018

Research suggests that people question the believability of trial testimony based on an alleged victim’s previously repressed memories. Participants read one of six scenarios depicting the trial of a man accused of sexually assaulting a young girl. The alleged victim either reported the assault immediately (child witness) or waited 20 years to report it (adult witness). In the adult witness condition, the woman’s memory for the event had either been repressed until recently or had always been available, and expert testimony was offered on behalf of the defense, the prosecution, both, or neither. Regression analyses revealed that women perceived the accuser’s testimony as more believable and the defendant’s testimony as less believable than men did. Similarly, the belief in the accuser’s testimony decreased and the belief in the defendant’s testimony increased when the accuser was an adult in contrast to a child, and when the defense offered expert testimony in contrast to its absence. In addition, guilty verdicts were associated with higher levels of accuser believability, lower levels of defendant believability and testimony based on repressed memories in contrast to testimony based on memories that were never repressed.
Correlates of Battering Among 997 Men: Family History, Adjustment, and Attitudinal Differences
Authors: Hanson R. Karl , Cadsky Oto , Harris Andrew , Lalonde Coralie
Published: September 2018

In order to identify the characteristics associated with physical abuse of female partners, a detailed questionnaire was administered to 997 men who were recruited from either a forensic out-patient clinic (780) or from a community based employment center (217). This questionnaire sampled family and personal history, criminal behavior, psychopathology, and attitudes towards violence. Based upon self-report, the sample was divided into 184 non-abusive men, 517 moderately abusive men, and 296 severely abusive men. The full sample (997) was randomly divided into two subsamples and then, using a cross-validation design, group differences were identified in both subsamples on 46 of the 93 variables examined in this study. All significant effects were linear, such that the average scores of the severely abusive men were worse than the scores of the abusive men who, in turn, scored worse than the non-abusive men. In general, both groups of abusive men reported high rates of violence during childhood (both as victims and perpetrators), antisocial personality disorder, subjective distress, marital maladjustment, attitudes tolerant of spouse assault, and a range of impulsive behaviors (impulsive violence, substance abuse, motor vehicle accidents). The factors that correlated with abuse in the total sample also correlated with abuse in the community sample.
An Evaluation of a Dating Violence Prevention Program for Middle School Students
Authors: Macgowan Mark J.
Published: September 2018

A study was undertaken to determine the effectiveness of a 5-session relationship violence prevention program involving a middle school of predominantly African-American students. A composite measure assessed changes in knowledge, attitudes, and methods of dealing with relationship violence. A pretest-posttest control group design was used. Results indicated that treatment group scores were significantly higher than control group scores at posttest (p < .001) and treatment group posttest scores were significantly higher than pretest scores (p < .001). There were significant differences in scores between regular-level students and those with a higher level of academic ability (advanced students). Within the treatment group, there was a level-by-gender interaction revealing that male advanced students made the highest gains. In examining specific items, improvements were made in knowledge about relationship violence and attitudes about nonphysical violence. No changes were seen in attitudes about physical violence or in methods of dealing with relationship violence.
Vulnerability to Victimization, Concurrent Problem Behaviors, and Peer Influence as Predictors of In-School Weapon Carrying Among High School Students
Authors: Simon Thomas R. , Dent Clyde W. , Sussman Steve
Published: September 2018

Previous research has indicated the potential relevance of three constructs in the prediction of adolescent weapon carrying, (a) general delinquency, (b) self-protection, and (c) social influence. The current study tests the independent associations between in-school weapon carrying and these three constructs. The sample consisted of 504 students from seven southern California high schools. Overall, 25% of the sample carried a weapon to school in the last year. Self-defense was the most commonly reported reason for in-school weapon carrying. The results from a simultaneous logistic regression analysis indicated increased risk of in-school weapon carrying among students who are male, who are affiliated with gangs or tagging crews, who are exposed to peers who carry weapons to school, and who feel vulnerable to being victimized. Prevention programs targeted at reducing in-school weapon carrying may benefit from a comprehensive focus that includes efforts to reduce involvement in other problem behaviors, influence norms regarding weapon carrying, and reduce actual and perceived vulnerability to victimization.
Awareness of Guilt and Shame in Intimate Violence
Authors: Eisikovits Zvi , Enosh Guy
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this article is to examine the role of moral feelings—guilt and shame —in the emergence and aftermath of intimate violence, and the way in which these emotions affect the self and behaviors of those involved. This is a phenomenological study using content analysis of in-depth interviews with 20 male batterers and their female partners. The findings indicate that the extent of authenticity and assumption of responsibility concerning moral feelings will determine whether these will or will not lead to intimate violence. Thus it becomes possible to trace five alternative paths of the relationship between moral feelings and intimate violence. Implications for theorizing and future research about the role of moral feelings in intimate violence are suggested.
Estimating Intruder-Related Firearm Retrievals in U.S. Households, 1994
Authors: Ikeda Robin M. , Dahlberg Linda L. , Sacks Jeffrey J. , Mercy James A. , Powell Kenneth E.
Published: September 2018

To estimate the frequency of firearm retrieval because of a known or presumed intruder, the authors analyzed data from a 1994 national random digit dialing telephone survey (n = 5,238 interviews). Three mutually exclusive definitions of firearm retrieval were constructed: (1) retrieved a firearm because there might be an intruder, (2) retrieved a firearm and saw an intruder, and (3) retrieved a firearm, saw an intruder, and believed the intruder was frightened away by the gun. Of 1,678 (34%) households with firearms, 105 (6%) retrieved a firearm in the previous 12 months because of an intruder. National projections based on these self-reports reveal an estimated 1,896,842 (95% CI [confidence interval] = 1,480,647-2,313,035) incidents in which a firearm was retrieved, but no intruder was seen; 503,481 (95% CI = 305,093-701,870) incidents occurred in which an intruder was seen, and 497,646 (95% CI = 266,060-729,231) incidents occurred in which the intruder was seen and reportedly scared away by the firearm. Estimates of the protective use of firearms are sensitive to the definitions used. Researchers should carefully consider both how these events are defined and the study methods used.
Patterns of Reassault in Batterer Programs
Authors: Gondolf Edward W.
Published: September 2018

A comparative multisite evaluation was conducted of four “well-established” batterer programs in geographically distributed cities to assess the pattern of reassault. Eight hundred and forty batterers were recruited and tested at program intake from each site (210 per site). The batterers and their partners were interviewed by phone every 3 months for 15 months after intake with a response rate for the female partners of nearly 70% for the full follow-up. According to initial victims, 31% of the men reassaulted during the follow-up. The reassault rate varies only slightly when adjusting for new partners (32%) or no partner contact (32%), but substantially more when adjusting for reports from the batterers (36%) and batterers plus arrest record (39%). Rates of verbal abuse (70%) and threats (43%) are much higher, but 73% of the women report feeling “very safe.” Nearly half of the men who reassaulted did so within 3 months after program intake. “Voluntary” participants were significantly more likely to reassault (44% vs. 29%), as were program dropouts (40% vs. 28%). The “well-established” batterer programs appear to contribute to a short-term cessation of assault in the majority of batterers. However, a small portion of the men are unaffected by or unresponsive to the intervention.
Measuring Sexual Harassment: Development and Validation of the Sexual Harassment Inventory
Authors: Murdoch Maureen , McGovern Paul G.
Published: September 2018

Sexual harassment is a pervasive and damaging public health problem, yet the natural history is poorly understood, and research in this area has tended to focus on prevalence reporting. We describe the development and initial validation results of a survey tool, the Sexual Harassment Inventory, that may be helpful in future epidemiologic research. This 20-item instrument can be readily adapted for use in different populations and may be scored to measure the severity as well as the occurrence of sexual harassment. Routine use of this or some other standardized measurement tool would help clarify our understanding of the natural history and health costs of sexual harassment.
A Comparison of Impulsive and Instrumental Subgroups of Batterers
Authors: Tweed Roger G. , Dutton Donald G.
Published: September 2018

Previous research on subtypes of batterers has revealed at least two distinct types of batterers. One group (Type 1) demonstrates suppressed physiological responding during conflicts with their wives, tends to use violence in nonintimate relationships and manifests Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI-II) scale elevations on the Antisocial and Aggressive-Sadistic scales. The second group (Type 2) manifests violence in the intimate relationship only and reports dysphoria. The current study extends our knowledge of these two groups by using a cluster analysis to assess personality disorder and relating the results to each group’s attachment style, anger, trauma scores, and scores on a self-report of Borderline Personality Organization (BPO). An instrumental group (Type 1) showed an Antisocial-Narcissistic-Aggressive profile on the MCMI-II and reported more severe physical violence. An impulsive group (Type 2) showed a mixed profile on the MCMI-II with Passive-Aggressive, Borderline, and Avoidant elevations, high scores on a self-report of BPO, higher chronic anger, and Fearful attachment. Both types of abusive men reported a Preoccupied attachment style, but only the Impulsive men reported an accompanying Fearful attachment style.
Major Depressive Disorder and Depressive Symptomatology as Predictors of Husband to Wife Physical Aggression
Authors: Feldbau-Kohn Shari , Heyman Richard E. , O’Leary K. Daniel
Published: September 2018

This study investigated the association between a husband’s depressive symptomatology and the frequency of physical aggression toward his wife, as well as a husband’s Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and the frequency of physical aggression toward his wife. We assessed physically aggressive men who volunteered for treatment with their wives (N = 89). Almost one third had moderate levels of depressive symptomatology (Beck Depression Inventory [BDI ≥ 14]), but only 11% met criteria for MDD (based on a structured interview [SCID]). Although the rate of MDD was not absolutely high, it was higher than that reported in a community sample (i.e., 3%). A significant relationship between increased depressive symptomatology and frequency of physical aggression was found, but the association was most likely accounted for by self-reported anger. Related contextual factors including marital discord and psychological aggression are addressed. Theoretical and treatment implications are discussed, including the severity of the treatment population (volunteer vs. court mandated), and severity of the depression (symptomatology vs. clinical diagnosis).