bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fighting Approaches Against COVID-19:For Now and the Future
Authors: Rattanachaikunsopon Pongsak
Published: May 2022

In the past 3 years, from 2019 to the present, the world has experienced a life-threatening COVID-19, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It has caused more than 6 million deaths and this number continuously increases. Drugs and vaccines are the top 2 approaches to fight COVID-19. Some drugs were developed as antiviral drugs, while others were not primarily synthesized as antiviral drugs but have been used and claimed to be effective for COVID-19 treatment. However, drug can be used only therapeutically but not prophylactically. Vaccines have become appropriate choices for preventing people from COVID-19 infection; hence, reducing infection and death cases caused by SARS-CoV-2. Currently, COVID-19 vaccines have been developed by several approaches. Due to the high mutation rate of COVID-19 virus, drugs and vaccines against COVID-19 have to be continuously developed to protect people from the disease This communication discusses some of the fighting approaches against Corona Virus Disease 19.
In Vitro Callus Induction from Immature Fruits of Elaeocarpus ganitrus: A Tissue Culture Approach
Authors: Chaudhary Manisha
Published: May 2022

In the tissue culture investigations for tree species, the growth medium with a perfect concentration of growth regulators and other components has a crucial role in the in vitro callus initiation from explants material. The present study has highlighted the effects of various concentrations of plant growth regulators on callus initiation from immature fruits of Elaeocarpus ganitrus in Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium. The immature fruits were collected as explants sources during fruiting season and cultured on 1/2, 3/4 and full-strength MS medium. In this study, 1.8mgL-1 of 2, 4-D, and full-strength MS medium was observed best for callus initiation and further supported for the multiplication from immature fruits of E. ganitrus. The callus initiation from immature fruits of E. ganitrus was the crucial step towards the conservation study of this tree species. This study can be helpful for tissue culture investigations concerning callus development from immature fruit explants material of several other species of Elaeocarpus and even for the other endangered tree species.
Antimicrobial Activity of Apple Cider Vinegar Treated Selected Vegetables Against Common Food Borne Bacterial Pathogens
Authors: Singh Jyotsana
Published: May 2022

Vinegar-treated eatables are widely used to improve digestion and are also known for their antimicrobial activity. The evaluated antimicrobial activity of apple cider vinegar (ACV) treated and untreated eatables-ginger (Zingiber officinale), garlic (Allium sativum), onion (Allium cepa), raw papaya (Carica papaya), white radish (Raphanus sativus) and green chilli (Capsicum annum) were analysed against selected common food borne pathogens named Escherichia coli (ATCC8739), Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6539), Shigella flexneri (ATCC 12022), Salmonella typhi (ATCC 14028), Cronobacter sakazakii (ATCC 29544), Vibrio parahaemolyticus (ATCC 17802) and V. cholera (ATCC 3906) using agar well diffusion technique. Different methods for extraction of phytochemicals have been compared. The eatables were soaked in water for 24 hours, then followed by centrifugation which yielded highest number of phytochemicals. All untreated eatables showed high to moderate antimicrobial activities against all test pathogens, while ACV-treated showed higher antimicrobial activities.
What are you reading?
Authors: Vanaken Gert-Jan , Van der Gucht Liselotte , Van den Bossche Sven , Veneboer Tessel , Van Robays Kika W. L.
Published: May 2022

DiGeSt 9(1) General Issue - What are you reading?
Penggunaan goal programming dalam perencanaan menu untuk lansia penderita hipertensi
Authors: Islamiyati Diana , Lestari Dwi , Insani Nur
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membangun suatu model goal programming untuk mengoptimalkan perencanaan menu harian lansia penderita hipertensi. Fungsi tujuan model ini yaitu untuk memaksimumkan kandungan gizi makanan lansia sesuai Angka Kecukupan Gizi (AKG), meminimumkan biaya pangan, memaksimumkan kuantitas pangan, dan meminimumkan konsumsi pangan yang mengandung natrium. Berdasarkan eksperimen komputasi yang dilakukan dengan menerapkan model weighted goal programming ini, dihasilkan solusi optimal kebutuhan gizi lansia penderita hipertensi yang sesuai dengan AKG. Adapun perencanaan optimal menu makanan untuk lima hari yaitu terdiri dari 12 jenis pangan dengan pengeluaran biaya sebesar Rp 11.236,- untuk hari pertama, 13 jenis pangan dengan pengeluaran biaya sebesar Rp 9.191,- untuk hari kedua, 11 jenis pangan dengan pengeluaran biaya sebesar Rp 14.036,- untuk hari ketiga, 12 jenis pangan dengan pengeluaran biaya sebesar Rp 9.980,-  untuk hari keempat, dan 15 jenis pangan dengan pengeluaran biaya sebesar Rp 13.098,- untuk hari kelima. The use of goal programming in planning daily menu for the elderly with hypertensionAbstractThis study aims to build a goal programming model to optimize the daily menu planning with hypertension. The objective function of this model is to maximize the nutritional elderly foods according to the Nutritional Adequacy Ratio (RDA), to minimize the food expenses, to maximize the food quantity, and to minimize the consumption of foods containing natrium. Based on the computational experiments conducted by applying this weighted goal programming model, we obtained the optimal solution for the nutritional needs of the elderly with hypertension that is in line with the RDA. Thus, the optimal food menu plans for five days are 12 types of food with an expenditure of Rp. 11,236, - for day 1, 13 types of food with an expenditure of Rp. 9,191, - for day 2, 11 types of food with an expenditure of Rp. 14,036,- for day 3, 12 types of food with an expenditure of Rp. 9,980,- for day 4, and 15 types of food with an expenditure of Rp. 13,098,- for day 5.
Cirandar entre cirandas de escrita
Authors: Machado Dorneles Aline , Galiazzi Maria do Carmo
Published: May 2022

Apresenta-se o projeto Cirandar: Rodas de Investigação na Escola, sediado na Universidade XXXXXXXX - XXX, desenvolvido atualmente em parceria entre universidades, institutos federais e escolas especialmente na metade sul do país. Trata-se de um projeto anual de formação de professores, realizado desde 2012. Relata-se um breve histórico do projeto e sua aposta na experiência docente partilhada nas rodas de formação em rede, fomentada pela escrita de relato de experiência, na leitura entre pares e na reescrita destes relatos. O projeto visa fomentar no diálogo e na escrita recursiva questões de interesse educativo e pedagógico a partir da sala de aula de cada participante. O estudo sobre a experiência como modo de contextualizá-la neste processo de formação fundamenta os princípios do projeto e a escrita do relato de experiência. Com suporte na pesquisa narrativa, compôs-se uma história a partir das narrativas construídas pelos participantes.  Argumenta-se que o Cirandar promove a compreensão da sala de aula como lugar de formação, de invenção, de estudo e foco de investigação a serem partilhados entre professores, tornando-se ele mesmo uma experiência de formação.
A formação entre pares como ação ética e política
Authors: Jäger Josiane Jarline , Nörnberg Marta
Published: May 2022

Este artigo apresenta e discute a formação entre pares no âmbito do programa Pacto Nacional pela Alfabetização na Idade Certa (PNAIC). Com base nos princípios e procedimentos do método interpretativo, 34 relatórios de formadoras e orientadoras de estudo foram analisados. A problematização teórica foi amparada por estudos do campo da formação de professores, da teoria pedagógica e da filosofia política. A formação entre pares e o aprender com o outro são tematizadas no plano da ética e da política, dimensões intrínsecas à docência. A análise dos relatórios demonstra que a formação entre pares acontece num espaço entre escola e Universidade e é potencializada quando são garantidos espaços de diálogo e de reflexão coletiva, o que permite aprender com o outro e sustentar a formação como responsabilidade profissional e política.
O cenário da formação de professores dos anos iniciais
Authors: Mesquita Silvana Soares de Araujo
Published: May 2022

Este trabalho tem como objeto de estudo a formação de professores dos anos iniciais na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Procurou-se compreender como a formação de professores tem se efetivado e identificar a influência na profissionalização docente. Os dados são produzidos a partir do Enade, Censo da Educação Básica e Superior de 2017. Os interlocutores teóricos são os estudos de formação e profissão docente. O texto mapeia três cenários: Os professores dos anos iniciais em atuação; O curso de pedagogia como lócus de formação de professores dos anos iniciais; O curso normal: presente!  Identifica-se que é preciso apostar em um processo de universitarização articulado com a escola, visando à identificação de um conjunto de saberes, de elementos identitários e éticos que caracterizem a profissão. Professores em atuação e pesquisadores precisam se aproximar produzindo o novo, resgatando o antigo e articulando experiências para a consolidação de um lugar de formação de professores
Processo formativo coletivo em redes de docentes investigadores desde e na escola
Authors: Araújo Maria Cristina Pansera de , Nonenmacher Sandra Elisabet Bazana
Published: May 2022

Esta narrativa, elaborada por duas professoras, que vivenciam processos interativos em diferentes grupos de redes formativas e aprendentes, é uma maneira de sistematizar e homenagear aqueles que constituíram e constituem esses espaços. Os múltiplos sujeitos participantes são representados por fios, que se articulam, tecem e são tecidos, numa cooperação coletiva, registrada na caminhada profissional e pessoal. Redes tecidas nos diálogos e interações formativas sobre ensinar e aprender, como prática de liberdade e emancipação social. As reflexões produzidas, a partir de ações, ao mesmo tempo são auto-reforçadas e espiraladas, produzindo transformações nas práticas educativas e concepções teóricas, que vêm sendo disseminadas como sementes pelos diversos recantos do Brasil, encontrando professores em formação inicial e continuada, que constituem novas percepções sobre a questão.
Etnografía de la vida urbana
Authors: Casanova-Berna Néstor
Published: May 2022

La Teoría del Habitar debe acopiar los aportes de una etnografía de la vida urbana que recoja con meticulosidad las prácticas sociales de la habitación de las ciudades. Cabe investigar cómo los urbanitas sueñan y conciben su habitar, lo proyectan hacia el futuro, lo demandan políticamente, lo producen y lo consumen. Se trata de investigar los ardides de que disponen los urbanitas para apropiarse de la ciudad que se les está hurtando en beneficio de la urbanización extensiva.
Visual Detection and Tracking of Pigs
Authors: Brünger Johannes
Published: May 2022

With the increasing demand for meat and the corresponding growth in livestock populations, automated monitoring systems are a useful extension of tools to ensure animal welfare. Likewise, such systems enable the processing of
larger amounts of data for research and behavioral studies for future welfare recommendations. This work uses pigs as an example to demonstrate the use of various methods for camera-based detection and tracking of animals.
The resulting residence and movement information can be used for targeted study of animal behavior in different experimental housing environments or correlation of movement to other animal health parameters.
The results show a high accuracy of the presented methods and thus indicate various practical applications.
Next-Generation Capabilities in Trusted Research Environments: Interview Study
Authors: Kavianpour Sanaz , Sutherland James , Mansouri-Benssassi Esma , Coull Natalie , Jefferson Emily
Published: May 2022

Background

A Trusted Research Environment (TRE; also known as a Safe Haven) is an environment supported by trained staff and agreed processes (principles and standards), providing access to data for research while protecting patient confidentiality. Accessing sensitive data without compromising the privacy and security of the data is a complex process.

Objective

This paper presents the security measures, administrative procedures, and technical approaches adopted by TREs.

Methods

We contacted 73 TRE operators, 22 (30%) of whom, in the United Kingdom and internationally, agreed to be interviewed remotely under a nondisclosure agreement and to complete a questionnaire about their TRE.

Results

We observed many similar processes and standards that TREs follow to adhere to the Seven Safes principles. The security processes and TRE capabilities for supporting observational studies using classical statistical methods were mature, and the requirements were well understood. However, we identified limitations in the security measures and capabilities of TREs to support “next-generation” requirements such as wide ranges of data types, ability to develop artificial intelligence algorithms and software within the environment, handling of big data, and timely import and export of data.

Conclusions

We found a lack of software or other automation tools to support the community and limited knowledge of how to meet the next-generation requirements from the research community. Disclosure control for exporting artificial intelligence algorithms and software was found to be particularly challenging, and there is a clear need for additional controls to support this capability within TREs.
Pedagogical Approaches and Learning Activities, Content, and Resources Used in the Design of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) in the Health Sciences: Protocol for a Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Røynesdal Øystein , Magnus Jeanette H , Moen Anne
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND

Developing online, widely accessible educational courses, such as Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), offer novel opportunities to advancing academic research and the educational system in resource-constrained countries. Despite much literature on the use of design-related features and principles of different pedagogical approaches when developing MOOCs, there are reports of inconsistency between the pedagogical approach and the learning activities, content, or resources in MOOCs.

OBJECTIVE

We present a protocol for a scoping review aiming to systematically identify and synthesize literature on the pedagogical approaches used, and the learning activities, content, and resources used to facilitate social interaction and collaboration among postgraduate learners in MOOCs across the health sciences.

METHODS

We will follow a 6-step procedure for scoping reviews to conduct a search of published and gray literature in the following databases: Medline via Ovid, ERIC, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and PsychINFO. Two reviewers will screen titles, abstracts, and relevant full texts independently to determine eligibility for inclusion. The team will extract data using a predefined charting form and synthesize results in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews checklist.

RESULTS

The scoping review is currently ongoing. As of March 2022, we have performed initial data searches and screened titles and abstracts of the studies we found but revised the search string owing to inaccurate results. We aim to start analyzing the data in June 2022 and expect to complete the scoping review by February 2023.

CONCLUSIONS

With the results of this review, we hope to report on the use of pedagogical approaches and what learning activities, content, and resources foster social and collaborative learning processes, and to further elucidate how practitioners and academics can harvest our findings to bridge the gap between pedagogics and learning activities in the instructional design of MOOCs for postgraduate students in the health sciences.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/35878
Metabolic syndrome among patients with type 2 diabetes in Jordan: A cross-sectional study (Preprint)
Authors: Hyassat Dana , Al-Refai Ala’a , Khader Yousef , Layyous Nadera , Qarajeh Raed , Khatib Mohammed , Ajlouni Kamel
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND

Metabolic syndrome is one of the major public health problems worldwide and it is an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its individual components among patients with T2DM.

METHODS

A cross-sectional design was conducted among patients diagnosed with T2DM at the National Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Jordan. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and clinical data were extracted from medical records. The National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) and International Diabetes Federation (IDF) diagnostic criteria were used to define metabolic syndrome.

RESULTS

A total of 1017 participants aged between 22-90 year were included in the study. The overall prevalence of the IDF defined metabolic syndrome was 84.2% (72.5% among males and 96.2% among females). Using ATP III criteria, the overall prevalence of the metabolic syndrome was 79.1 (77.4% among males and 80.8% among females). Increased age, female gender, not adherent to diet regimen, sedentary lifestyle or insufficient physical activity, and duration of diabetes ≥ 10 year were significantly associated with increased odds of metabolic syndrome, regardless of definition used. Current smoking status and family history of cardiovascular diseases were significantly associated with increased likelihood of ATP III defined metabolic syndrome.

CONCLUSIONS

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among patients with diabetes is extremely high. The main modifiable risk factors of metabolic syndrome among patients with diabetes include non-adherence to diet regimen, insufficient physical activity, overweight or obesity and smoking. It is recommended that healthcare providers council patients on the importance of maintaining physical activity, quitting smoking and adherence to diet regimen.
Factors Influencing Older Adults’ Decisions Surrounding Adoption of Technology:An Experimental Study (Preprint)
Authors: Moxley Jerad , Sharit Joseph , Czaja Sara J
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND

The rapid diffusion of technology applications may support older adult independence and improve the quality of their lives. Models for predicting older adult technology acceptance are sparse, based on broad questions related to general technology acceptance, and largely not grounded in theories of aging

OBJECTIVE

This study uses a mixed-method approach involving five technologies to comprehensively assess the causal relationships among factors that influence older adults’ willingness to adopt the technologies.

METHODS

One hundred and eighty-seven male and female adults 65-92 years of age participated in the study. Participants were given presentations on five different technologies spanning domains that included transportation, leisure, health, and new learning, and provided ratings of each technology on various measures hypothesized to influence adoption. They were also administered other instruments to collect data on their actual and self-assessed cognitive abilities, rates of discounting of the technologies with respect to willingness to invest time to attain higher skills on the technologies, general technology experience, and attitudes toward technology. We used the machine-learning technique of k-fold cross-validated regressions to select variables that predicted participants’ willingness to adopt the technologies.

RESULTS

Willingness to adopt the technologies was most impacted by three variables: perceived value of the technologies, perceived improvement in quality of life attainable from the technologies, and confidence in being able to use the technologies. These variables, in turn, were mostly facilitated or inhibited by the perceived effort required to learn to use the technologies, a positive attitude toward technology as reflected in the optimism component of the technology readiness scale, degree to which technologies were discounted, and perceived help needed to learn to use the technologies.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings demonstrate that participants’ willingness to adopt technologies is mainly determined by three perceptions of the technologies, which mediated many relationships with willingness to adopt. We discuss the implications of these findings for the design and marketing of technology products for older consumers.
STUDENTS’ KNOWLEDGE AND PERCEPTION TOWARDS ASYNCHRONOUS BLENDED PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING
Authors: Yanti Yuniar Dwi , Satari Mieke Hemiawati , Husen Ike Rostikawati
Published: May 2022

Background: Lecture is a dominant learning method that still used in teaching process. This method only focuses to lecturer and does not involving students’ participation enough. Problem Based Learning (PBL) is a learning method that could activate students’ participation, but it has many obstacles on its implementation. Asynchronous blended problem-based learning (ABLE PBL) is an innovative learning method that adopts (Problem Based Learning) PBL learning principles and it is expected to reduce problems in implementing PBL. This study was conducted to analyze the students’ knowledge between ABLE PBL method and lecture and to describe students’ perceptions towards ABLE PBL.Methods: A modified crossover design was conducted to determine students’ knowledge and descriptive study for students’ perception among a total sampling of 44 students who enrolled the third semester at Departement of Midwifery, Diploma Program at Dharma Husada Bandung Health College. It used Mann Whitney test to analyze students’ knowledge to each chapterResult: The result showed that there is no difference significantly of students’ knowledge between two groups for both chapters, ABLE PBL does not influence students’ knowledge but students’s perception about ABLE PBL is positive because the respondent experienced new method of learning. Conclusion: In conclusion, there are no differences between two groups significantly for each chapter with p value bigger than 0.05, yet ABLE PBL could give a positve perception to students.
EFFECT OF TRUWINIST INTERDIGITAL METHOD IN KNOWLEDGE AND SKILL OF SELECTING DRUG AND WRITING PRESCRIPTION OF ASTHMA DRUG
Authors: Sitorus Truly Deti Rose , Nurhadi Eggy Raynaldi Rachman , Utami Novi Vicahyani , Bashari Muhammad Hasan
Published: May 2022

Background: Medical error is any kind of unplanned or out of procedure medical action. Some of them are error in selecting and prescribing drug  which might cause the disease to remain, worse, or death. Prescribing error can be prevented by giving better education about pharmacology. One popular learning methods is blended learning. Truwinist Interdigital Method  is a learning media innovation with bleanded learning concept designed subjects in audiovisual form. Truwinist Interdigital Method was accessible at university’s learning management system. This study aimed to evaluate the improvement of student’s pharmacological learning outcome upon Truwinist Interdigital  Method. The learning outcome was students knowledge and skill on prescribing asthmatic drug. Methods: A experimental research was conducted with pretest and posttest  design. Subjects were 148 medical students of Universitas Padjadjaran who were given Truwinist Interdigital Method. The learning outcome was observed using pre-test and post-test score  and tested using Wilcolson test. Results: Students’ knowledge score increased from average of 34.70±15.43 to 86.01±10.80. Students’ skill score increased from average of 25.31±12.76 to 76.93±10.66. The result showed students’ learning outcome increased  significantly (p<0,001). Conclusion: Knowledge and prescribing skill Students’ asthmatic drug increase  after using bleanded learning with Truwinist Interdigital Method.
LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE, INTEREST, AND PERCEPTION OF CLINICAL ROTATION STUDENTS REGARDING FORENSIC MEDICINE AND MEDICOLEGAL SCIENCE
Authors: Ismail Taufik Suryadi , Mulya Vera Dewi , Hidayah Fathin
Published: May 2022

Background: Forensic medicine and medicolegal science (FMMS) as mandatory competences that clinical rotation students must possess. However, the number of forensic medicine and medicolegal specialists is still significantly less. Currently,  there are 271 people recorded and spread across Indonesia, including two people in Aceh Province with three medical faculties to be managed. For this reason, it is necessary to think about how to increase the number of forensic medicine and medicolegal specialists in Aceh. This study describes the level of knowledge, interest, and perceptions of clinical rotation students regarding FMMS.Methods: The type of study was observational analytic with a cross-sectional design. The instrument used was an online questionnaire with a Content Validity Ratio of 0.750. The samples of this study were clinical rotation students who had passed the forensic medicine and medicolegal sciences stages. The samples were collected using the purposive sampling method.Results: A total of 102 respondents were involved in this study. The majority of respondents had good knowledge (97.1%). As many as 63.7% of respondents were interested in studying forensic medicine and medicolegal and 59.8% of respondents positively perceived these studies. Based on the Spearman’s statistical test showed a significant correlation between the interest and perception under the Sig.(2-tailed)  0.002 (Sig.(2-tailed) ≤0.05).Conclusion: Clinical rotation students of the Faculty of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University have good knowledge, high interest, and positive perceptions. This is a new opportunity and challenges for the development of FMMS in Indonesia.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF ACADEMIC PROCRASTINATION AND ACADEMIC DISHONESTY IN UNDERGRADUATE MEDICAL STUDENTS
Authors: Oktaria Dwita , Azzahra Sharlene Sabrina , Angraini Dian Isti
Published: May 2022

Background: The act of academic dishonesty is a dishonest act taken by students in completing assignments and examinations which include several attempts such as cheating and plagiarism. Studies show that 20% of students begin cheating behavior from the first year of college. One of the patterns of behavior related to academic dishonesty is procrastination. Academic procrastination is a form of behavior when someone delays starting a job or completing it.Aims: This study aims to illustrate academic procrastination, academic dishonesty, and the relationship between procrastination habits and academic dishonesty among undergraduate medical students at Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Lampung.Methods: This study is an observational analytic study using a cross-sectional design. The research respondents were 120 undergraduate medical students from Faculty of Medicine Universitas Lampung. The sampling method used proportionate stratified random sampling. Data were collected using the Procrastination Assessment Scale-Students questionnaire and the Academic Practices Survey.Results: The results of this study are processed using computer software and Gamma testing method. Obtained r = 0.464 and p = 0.428 (p>0.05).Conclusion: There is no relationship between the academic procrastination habits and academic dishonesty in undergraduate medical students at Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Lampung.
FACTORS CORRELATED WITH MEDICAL STUDENTS ANXIETY IN CLINICAL SKILLS EXAMINATION
Authors: Andika Anak Agung Gede Pradnya , Susani Yoga Pamungkas , Sari Dian Puspita
Published: May 2022

Background: Test anxiety is one of the medical student’s problems that need attention in medical education. Test anxiety can have negative effect on students such as negative self-evaluation beliefs, low motivation, poor performance, and decreased concentration which can result in increased dropout rates and trigger general anxiety. Test anxiety can affect performance on clinical skill examination and outcomes.Aim: To identify factors correlated with medical students’ anxiety in clinical skills examination.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving the second and fourth year medical students in Universitas Mataram. Possible Anxiety Determinant Instrument (PADI) was used to measure factors associated with test anxiety and Performance Test Anxiety (PTA) inventory to measure students’ anxiety in clinical skills examination. Data collection took place after the clinical skill exam. Pearson and Spearman correlation test were used in analyzing the data.Results: Total of 185 students participated in this study (response rate 96,9%). Factors found to be correlated with test anxiety score were internal belief factors (r = -0,686), health and lifestyle factors (r = -0,424), curriculum factors (r= -0,414), social support factors (r = -0,395), learning atmosphere factors (r = -0,312), and examination factors (r = -0,270). Preparedness and experience of examination were not correlated with the test anxiety.Conclusion: Students’ internal belief was found to have the strongest correlation with the test anxiety, while examination factor showed the weakest correlation. These findings can guide medical education institution in developing strategies to reduce students’ anxiety toward the clinical skills examination.
MANCHESTER CLINICAL PLACEMENT INDEX (MCPI) AS CLINICAL LEARNING ENVIRONMENT ASSESSMENT TOOL: ADAPTATION INTO INDONESIAN LANGUAGE
Authors: Carolyn Carolyn , Lukito Arnold , Sulaiman Audelia Kathleen , Rukmini Elisabeth
Published: May 2022

Background: Clinical Learning Environment (CLE) involves many active dynamics, perceptions construction, learners' experiences, and behavior while learning. It includes every human resource working and learning together, a health system, and communities. Standard assessment of CLE is essential to evaluate CLE. The Manchester Clinical Placement Index (MCPI) assesses the CLE based on Community of Practice Theory, emphasizing learning according to experience-based learning. Translation of the MCPI into the Indonesian language will be valuable to assess the CLE. This research intends to translate and adapt MCPI into the Indonesian language. Therefore, MCPI can be used to assess the CLE in Indonesian medical schools.Methods: An expert panel translated the MCPI into the Indonesian language (I-MCPI), and a language learning center validated the translation. Participants who were final year students (N: 155) filled up the online I-MCPI after the informed consent. To assess the I-MCPI validity, we performed exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and item discrimination. To seek reliability, we utilized internal consistency reliability showing as the Cronbach's alpha coefficient.Results: The factor analysis and item discrimination showed the I-MCPI's validity. We found two subscales similar to the original MCPI. Leadership, reception, people, facilities, and organization have similar correlation strength to Subscale Learning Environment (0.60-0.71). Instruction and observation have similar correlation strength to Subscale Training (0.86-0.89). Subscale feedback correlates less than 0.60 for both subscales; thus, we concluded that feedback went to the subscale Training as the original MCPI. Reliability of the I-MCPI showed an excellent internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha of 0.87.Conclusion: I-MCPI is a valid and reliable tool to assess the CLE. Further research with broader cohorts of medical schools will be valuable for advancing medical education in Indonesia.
QUALITATIVE INTERVIEW WITH SENSITIVE PARTIPANTS
Authors: Indah Rosaria
Published: May 2022

Background: Interview is the most frequent data collection method utilized in qualitative research. It is used to explore perceptions and/or life experiences of participants related to a particular research topic. When a research investigates a traumatic topic, participants may show sensitive reactions. However, there is scant literature talks about these reactions and how researchers dealt with them, especially in Indonesian context. This case study aims to discuss the author’s experiences interviewing sensitive participants and ways she overcame dilemmas of stopping the interview or continuing it with caution.Case discussion: The case study draws on reflective practices during interviewing 21 disaster-affected participants in a larger ethnographic study exploring medical education in Aceh, Indonesia, inspired by methodological memos written during data collection processes. Sensitive participants may offer three sensitive reactions: 1) Refuse to do interview, 2) regret the interview after revealing many traumatic experiences, 3) show negative symptoms such as crying during the interview. In dealing with these sensitive reactions, researchers may implement strategies, such as  1) conducting interview at a proper time, 2) avoiding ‘normalization’, 3) putting emotion provoking questions at the last part of an interview, 4) applying communication approaches, such as CARE communication dan 3L actions (Look, Listen, and Link), 5) offering participants some alternative ways to do interviews.Conclusion: The findings suggest researchers exploring traumatic topics to prepare themselves with various interpersonal communication skills that are useful in showing acceptance toward sensitive reactions of their participants.
MEDICAL STUDENT’S ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT BETWEEN FIRST AND SECOND YEAR: A SINGLE-INSTITUTION CASE REPORT
Authors: Cahyono Agus , Sajuni Sasa
Published: May 2022

Background: Difficulties in achieving good academic achievement of medical student in early year is a concerning issue. Medical students may experience failure due to many factors. These factors may came from the students (internal) or from environment (external). Self motivation, time to have social media, and watching televition are example of internal factors. Meanwhile method of teaching learning, study environment, and family condition are example of external factors. Aims: To identify factors that influence academic achievement of medical students of Universitas Surabaya (Ubaya).  Case discussion: This study used questionnaires to identify factors that influence academic achievement. The study conducted in 90 students. Academic achievement between first and second year was compared. Data was analized using t test comparative mean for significancies with α 0,05. The factors studied were sex, father’s education, mother’s education, duration for study, duration of having social media, duration for team work, duration for hobbies, special relationship with friend, routine supply of living cost, sufficiency of living cost, personal interest to medical faculty, and chose medical faculty as parents’s advice. Among the factors that influence academic achievement of medical students, being a woman and having personal interest to medical faculty were significantly influence academic achievement of medical students of Ubaya. Conclusion: Being a woman and having personal interest to medical faculty were significantly influence academic achievement of medical students of Ubaya.
CORRELATION BETWEEN MEDICAL STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION OF ONLINE LECTURE AND LEARNING MOTIVATION DURING THE LOCKDOWN: A SINGLE INSTITUTION PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Dewi Laksmitasari , Yulfi Hemma
Published: May 2022

Background: Since it was first declared global pandemic by WHO in March 2020, Covid-19 has been triggered many unprecedented changes in education. This drastic change is likely to have an impact on students’ perception and their scholastic motivation. Many previous studies have discussed students’ perception towards online learning and students’ learning motivation during this pandemic separately, but we found none discussed on their relationship.Aims: This study ventured to distinguish a possible correlation between perception of online learning and learning motivation among the students in Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, during the pandemic lockdown.Methods: This was a correlative study with a cross-sectional design. Subjects were 286 students, selected from three academic years. Primary data was collected by using questionnaire. Data was analysed with Spearman’s rank test and binary logistics to find true association by using IBM SPSS for Windows 26.0.Results: Students’ perception of online lecture were mostly towards favourable attitude, while students’ learning motivation was leaning towards lower motivation. We found an interesting finding regarding the correlation of both variables. Descriptively, students found that they were easily lose focus during online session. Most of the students also perceived that online learning is less effective compared to face-to face learning.Conclusion: Online learning faces hinderances, both technically and psychologically. Faculty and educators need to address these challenges to be able to promote better strategy in dealing with the difficulties
Presentación Acta Sociológica 85/86
Authors: Rubio Carriquiriborde Ignacio , Flores Medel Alejandro Gabriel
Published: May 2022

Presentación Acta Sociológica 85/86
Justicia ambiental y posconflicto en Colombia: el caminopara la paz ambiental
Authors: Valencia Hernández Javier Gonzaga , Cuervo Escobar Laurent
Published: May 2022

El objetivo de este artículo es comprender la relación existente entre las reivindicaciones por la justicia ambiental, los acuerdos de paz y la paz ambiental en el marco del pos- conflicto en Colombia, partiendo de una experiencia comunitaria en Montes de María, municipio de Ovejas en el departamento de Sucre, en donde encontramos acciones políticas, jurídicas y sociales para la construcción de una paz ambiental en ese territorio. La investigación realizada siguió una metodología cualitativa que implicó revisión do cumental, análisis e interpretación de diferentes documentos, observación participante y encuestas semiestructuradas, para concluir que, en el caso colombiano, existe una relación entre el conflicto armado interno, la riqueza natural y las reivindicaciones por la justicia ambiental, que han traído como consecuencia acciones de la comunidad para lograr su protección por vía judicial, como la declaratoria de la naturaleza como sujeto de derechos, o por transformaciones en los territorios, como la propuesta de un modelo ecosistémico rural de construcción de paz ambiental
¿Sistema-Mundo o Sociedad Mundial? Una comparación sistemática entre los análisis de Wallerstein y Luhmann
Authors: Gonnet Juan Pablo
Published: May 2022

Producto de las crisis de alcance global que se viene sucediendo en esta primera parte del siglo xxi, en el ámbito de la teoría sociológica se viene coincidiendo, cada vez más, en la necesidad de tomar como unidad de análisis al sistema social mundial. No obstante, pese a este creciente acuerdo, su indicación suele ser más bien imprecisa, y en ocasio- nes convive con presupuestos que no resultan del todo compatibles con ella. En esta dirección, en este escrito exploramos dos alternativas conceptuales que se encuentran disponibles para el abordaje de esta formación social de escala planetaria. Por un lado, la teoría del sistema-mundo de Immanuel Wallerstein y, por el otro, las elaboraciones de Niklas Luhmann acerca de la conformación de una sociedad mundial. Aquí reconstrui- mos cada una de estas propuestas, puntualizando sus divergencias, pero también sus convergencias, las cuales son significativas para la elaboración de un diagnóstico común en torno a la novedad histórica y evolutiva que representa el fenómeno señalado. Las dimensiones comparadas son: la definición de la unidad de análisis; su caracterización mundial; su modo de estructuración principal; y su comprensión de la desigualdad regional
Comentario a la compilación: Perspectivas y fronteras en el estudio de la desigualdad social: movilidad social y clases sociales en tiempos de cambio
Authors: Jorrat Jorge Raúl
Published: May 2022

Comentario a la compilación: Perspectivas y fronteras en el estudio de la desigualdad social: movilidad social y clases sociales en tiempos de cambio 
Juventudes en fronteras: identidades, cultura y violencia, de Salvador Cruz Sierra y Alfredo Nateras Domínguez
Authors: Patiño Patiño Jesús
Published: May 2022

Reseña de Juventudes en fronteras: identidades, cultura y violencia, de Salvador Cruz Sierra y Alfredo Nateras Domínguez
Comerse las emociones: la psicología de la obesidad
Authors: López Alvarado Arantxa Fernanda
Published: May 2022

El que la obesidad sea un riesgo para la salud deriva en el hecho que la acumulación anormal de tejido adiposo incrementa de forma significativa el riesgo de padecer otras enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles como lo son la diabetes, la hipertensión arterial, las dislipidemias, la enfermedad coronaria, la apnea del sueño, la enfermedad vascular cerebral, la osteoartritis y algunos tipos de cáncer, enfermedades que se consideran mórbidas. Ya que la obesidad es considerada una enfermedad multifactorial, lo que implica que para poder explicar y tratar esta enfermedad tiene que verse desde diferentes perspectivas, por ello la finalidad de este artículo es considerar los factores que están relacionados a esta enfermedad que, a simple vista, parece tener su origen en “comer mucho”, pero qué al considerar el origen y mantenimiento de la obesidad, pueden involucrarse factores que este artículo considera, se relacionan con lo social ya que la personas con obesidad y sobrepeso no solamente se enfrentan a trabajo o una lucha física y mental para bajar de peso, sino que también a una luchan por ser aceptado socialmente. Con aspectos simbólicos como lo establece Maya Funes (2014), puntualizando que a los alimentos se les otorga diferentes valores simbólicos como los de gratificación, premio o expresión de afecto. Por último, se consideran las cifras recientes (2016) de la obesidad en México con diferentes grupos de edad.
La alarma del cuerpo humano
Authors: Vázquez González Gabriela
Published: May 2022

A lo largo de la historia el ser humano este ha estado expuesto a diversas situaciones que le generan estrés y que se ha evidenciado en las múltiples condiciones que perjudicar su salud. En la actualidad la forma en que se ve expresada esta circunstancia estresante es la obesidad, que es resultante no solo de la ingesta desmesurada de comida que puede tener el objetivo de cubrir las expectativas sociales, económicas y familiares, además de las presiones emocionales. Siendo México el país que ocupa el primer lugar de obesidad en niños y el segundo lugar en obesidad en adultos, se pueden hacer muchos cuestionamientos sobre la prevalencia de la obesidad, sin embargo, uno de los que se trataran es ¿Cuál es el factor bioquímico que genera la ansiedad por comer y favorecer la aparición de obesidad y sobrepeso? La hormona de cortisol es la causante, ya que actúa como señal de alarma dentro de nuestro cuerpo ante eventos detectados como perjudiciales en el ambiente, preparando al cuerpo para huir o pelear, pero hay ciertos momentos que generan en algunos individuos la contención y cronicidad de estrés que le llevan a la necesidad de la ingesta calórica y con ello a el padecimiento de obesidad. En el presente trabajo se dará a conocer el mecanismo por el cual la obesidad aparece en situaciones estresantes debido a acción de la hormona de cortisol.
Covid-19 y obesidad: dos padecimientos aliados
Authors: Ramos Salamanca Félix
Published: May 2022

En noviembre de 2019 se conoce la existencia de un nuevo virus, el coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, causante de la pandemia COVID-19. Las molestias causadas por este virus varían entre leves y muy graves, incluso llegando a causar la muerte de los pacientes, característica que se acentúa por su gran capacidad de contagio y la ausencia de una cura o vacuna para contrarrestar sus efectos.  Las medidas que se han tomado a nivel mundial han consistido en el aislamiento social de las personas. La preexistencia de la obesidad favorece el contagio por COVID-19 y puede agravar la enfermedad, que en un gran número de casos resulta en la muerte de los pacientes. Por otro lado, muchas de las medidas de control del COVID-19 afectan la vida cotidiana de la sociedad. El aislamiento, el stress y el sedentarismo propiciado por estas medidas puede producir un incremento descontrolado de peso en personas con peso normal o aumentar aún más el peso en personas que ya tienen sobrepeso u obesidad. Se concluye que se debe promover el ejercicio físico y la alimentación saludable dentro de las posibilidades que dan las medidas sanitarias para controlar esta pandemia.
Obesidad, psicología y su relación con la enfermedad por Covid-19
Authors: Téllez Silva Brenda Carolina
Published: May 2022

La presente revisión aborda las temáticas de la obesidad, la psicología y la enfermedad de COVID-19, así como su impacto en la salud integral y la condición de peso y la terapéutica psicológica. Para ello se hace una revisión bibliográfica en artículos científicos publicados en el año 2020, ya que se considera muy importante identificar el impacto de la enfermedad infectocontagiosa en las condiciones de pandemia: encierro, prevención y consecuencias. Los resultados obtenidos muestran la importancia de los factores de riesgo asociado en las enfermedades crónico-degenerativas y las relaciones con el COVID 19. 
Valores en estudiantes universitarios del área de la salud e IMC
Authors: Delgado Jacobo Patricia , Romero Santibáñez Carlos
Published: May 2022

Psicólogos, sociólogos y pedagogos han realizado diferentes investigaciones y han elaborado numerosos instrumentos con objeto de diagnosticar, con la mayor precisión posible, los valores preferidos por lo individuos y grupos. Entre ellos se pueden mencionar: los estudios de valores realizados por Allport et al en 1970 y Kopelman et al en 2003). Considerando como valores ideales los teóricos, económicos, estéticos, políticos, sociales y religiosos. Método: Tipo de estudio: transversal analítico. La muestra fue de 179 alumnos de primer año y 68 de cuarto año de la Carrera de Medico Cirujano, FES Zaragoza, UNAM. Variables dependientes: Valores (teóricos, económicos, sociales, estéticos, religiosos y políticos). Variables independientes: edad, sexo, promedio, año escolar, peso y talla. Resultados: Se encontró predomino del valor teórico en ambos grupos, pero mayor en los alumnos de primer año comparado con los de cuarto año y predomino del valor religioso para los alumnos de cuarto año comparado con el primer año. Conclusiones: se pudieron confirmar ciertos cambios en los participantes de este estudio, por un lado, la predominancia del sexo femenino, el aumento de peso al final de la carrera, la importancia del valor teórico, pero su disminución al final de la misma, la menor importancia del valor religioso, pero que aumenta al final de la carrera, el poseer un conjunto de valores muy importantes para toda persona, de manera integral y armónica.
Características biológicas y tratamiento multidisciplinario de la obesidad
Authors: Ortega Catarino Mario Alberto
Published: May 2022

El sobrepeso y obesidad tienen implicaciones graves por ser un problema de salud pública en el mundo, ya que han tenido un crecimiento acelerado en las últimas décadas, en diferentes grupos de edad y que se relaciona, incluso, con cambios en las condiciones de vida de la población. El ascendente número de nuevos casos ha dado lugar a catalogarla como epidemia, hecho que refleja la necesidad de conocer las causas desencadenantes para poder trabajar sobre los factores modificables y el establecimiento de instrumentos correctos de detección y valoración de esta patología. En este artículo, se realiza un análisis de los factores de riesgo asociados que definen a la obesidad, la etiopatología, su clasificación de acuerdo a las normas internacionales, la fisiopatología, las recomendaciones para la exploración física de los pacientes con obesidad, con el objetivo de identificar los síntomas y signos, así como patologías asociada, así como los factores involucrados en el diagnóstico y tratamiento. Los factores que se analizan, permiten una mejor compresión en el desarrollo o aparición de la obesidad, así como las características que pueden definir los tratamientos, especificando la importancia de llevar a cabo un trabajo multidisciplinar.