bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El posicionamiento de la expresidenta argentina Cristina Fernández con respecto al discurso dominante sobre migrantes: refuerzos, disputas y vacíos
Authors: Flax Rocío
Published: August 2023

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar las representaciones sociales que la expresidenta argentina Cristina Fernández construye con respecto a les migrantes durante su primer año de mandato. Proponemos como hipótesis que, si bien la expresidenta activa el marco del crimen -propio del discurso dominante en Argentina- en relación a les extranjeres, también introduce algunas innovaciones. En particular, busca naturalizar su presencia y rechaza las políticas xenófobas de los países integrantes de la Unión Europea. Inscribimos nuestra investigación en el Análisis Crítico del Discurso y nuestro dispositivo de análisis se encuentra integrado por una serie de herramientas metodológicas consistentes con sus postulados y que, en su conjunto, nos permiten dar cuenta de las representaciones sociales presentes en los textos analizados: 1) análisis de procesos y participantes, 2) rastreo de marcos y metáforas conceptuales 3) estudio de la Valoración.
Leveraging an Experience-Based Codesign Approach to Improve the Inpatient Food Service Experience
Authors: Abid Muhammad Hasan , Shehri Nada Al , Din Shaikh Muhammad Saif Ud , Nofeye Jamal Al
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Hospital food service is a key patient experience domain in an inpatient setting, which also plays an important role in responding to clinical and nutritional needs by providing food that is acceptable to patients. To achieve the strategic objective of a “distinguished patient experience,” a Food Service Patient Experience Improvement Project was implemented at Al Hada Armed Forces Hospital during the second quarter of 2021 (Q2-2021) to improve the patient experience of meals at inpatient units.

Methods

A quasi-experimental study design was used to assess the improvements in the inpatient meal experience by implementing an experience-based codesign approach. Improvements in the inpatient setting patient experience survey (Press Ganey) meals domain were measured. SQUIRE 2.0 guidelines were used to report this quality improvement project.

Results

A significant improvement was observed in the inpatient meals patient experience mean score before (Q1-2021, 68.75) versus after (Q3-2021, 81.93) the implementation of the Food Service Patient Experience Improvement Project.

Conclusion

Food services are an important element in the patient recovery process and experience. The experience-based codesign is an effective coproduction approach to improve the patient experience and promote patient-centered care.
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN MINUMAN INSTAN JAHE DAN KENCUR DI DUSUN SEMBON KULON KECAMATAN NGAJUM
Authors: Rofiah Lailatul , Maslahah Wafiyatu , Almaida Nur , Marwa Marwa
Published: August 2023

Pengabdian ini mengambil tema “ Membangun desa melalui kolaborasi lintas stakeholder” diwujudkan melalui kerjasama dosen dan mahasiswa UNIRA Malang dengan PKH (Program Keluarga Harapan) dalam mensosialisasikan pembuatan minuman instan di Dusun Sembon Kulon Kecamatan Ngajum Kabupaten Malang. Minuman instan dalam program ini merupakan olahan rempah-rempah berupa jahe dan kencur yang dikristalkan dengan cara direbus dengan air dan gula. Menyadari program ini dapat menjadi peluang usaha untuk meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat setempat, Tim dosen dan mahasiswa Universitas Islam Raden Rahmat Malang bekerja sama dengan PKH berinisiatif mengadakan sebuah kegiatan dalam bentuk pelatihan pembuatan minuman instan beserta digital marketing, Program ini bertujuan agar masyarakat mengetahui secara menyeluruh mulai dari proses pembuatan minuman instan sampai pemasaran yang tepat di era  yang serba digital. Program ini dilaksanakan dalam beberapa tahap, tahap pertama adalah pengenalan program kerja pada perangkat desa dan masyarakat setempat, kedua  sosialisasi pembuatan minuman instan dan pengemasan berupa standing pouch dan digital maketing dan tahap selanjutnya mengadakan sebuah pelatihan pembuatan minuman instan jahe dan kencur, terhadap ibu-ibu PKK Dusun Sembon pelatihan tersebut juga didampingi oleh dosen dan salah satu anggota PKH,  yang terakhir adalah pembagian produk minuman instan pada warga sebagai wujud harapan dari tim dosen dan mahasiswa UNIRA Malang agar program kerja ini dapat dijadikan peluang usaha baru bagi masyarakat setempat sehingga dapat memperbaiki ekonomi keluarga maupun masyarakat.
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN RAB KEGIATAN PRASARANA SECARA SEDERHANA SESUAI PERMEN PUPR No.1 TAHUN 2022
Authors: Sarasanty Diah
Published: August 2023

Setiap daerah semakin gencar melaksanakan perluasan infrastruktur sebagai bagian dari peningkatan pelayanan masyarakat dengan mengalokasikan dana desa. APBN terus mengalokasikan lebih banyak dana ke desa setiap tahunnya. Penyusunan rencana anggaran untuk kegiatan yang bertujuan untuk membangun infrastruktur desa sangat penting dan harus dikuasai untuk memastikan bahwa rencana dan tujuan biaya, kualitas, dan waktu tercapai secara efektif dan efisien. Sebagai mitra, Desa Puloniti di Kecamatan Bangsal Kabupaten Mojokerto mengikuti pelatihan pembelajaran terkait penyusunan anggaran (RAB).  Materi yang diberikan kepada pemerintah desa adalah RAB dan bagian-bagian penyusunnya, perhitungan volume pekerjaan, perkiraan waktu yang diperkirakan untuk penyelesaian pekerjaan, perhitungan jumlah pekerja dan prasyarat material dan menjelang penyelesaian pekerjaan. Persiapan akan diberikan materi dengan melibatkan Microsoft Excel sebagai pemandu. Aparat desa harus dapat memahami bagaimana menyusun RAB berdasarkan Analisis Harga Satuan Kerja (AHSP) sesuai dengan PERMEN PUPR No. 1 Tahun 2022. Luaran berupa modul anggaran yang dapat digunakan oleh perangkat desa dalam kegiatan perencanaan desanya. Selain itu diharapkan aparat desa mendapatkan tambahan keahlian dalam menyusun anggaran infrastruktur desa dengan menggunakan tools Microsoft Excel sebagai hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian ini.
POOLED MAPPING OF QUANTITATIVETRAIT LOCI ASSOCIATED WITH DROUGHT TOLERANCE IN RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.) AT SEEDLING STAGE
Authors: Wu Y.B. , Zhnag G.Y. , Zhang C , Tang W.Q. , Wang T , Zhang H.N. , Wu H.K.
Published: August 2023

Drought is among the foremost constraints influencing global rice productivity. The drought tolerance nature of rice is complicated, depending on multiple components and having low heritability. Thus, breeding drought-tolerant varieties is a fundamental way which can be used to increase rice yield in drought. To investigate the genetic basis of seedling tolerance to drought stress of rice (Oryza sativa L.), we performed QTL mapping on a big F2 population of 2600 participants from a cross between the japonica rice variety Huaidao 5 (HD5) and the indica rice variety 1892S through performing bulked segregant analysis and whole-genome sequencing (BSA-seq). HD5 showed greater tolerance to prolonged drought stress compared with 1892S at seedling stage. By analyzing a pair of opposite DNA pools made from 182 extremely-sensitive seedlings and 182 extremely-tolerant seedlings from the F2 population using the block regression mapping (BRM) method, we mapped a QTL on chromosome 1, of which the additive effect was estimated to explain 2.20% of the phenotypic variance. We named the QTL qSLDT1.1 (q represents quantitative trait loci, SL represents seedling leaf, DT represents drought tolerance, 1.1 represents the first one found on chromosome 1), which must be a novel QTL, because no QTLs for rice seedling tolerance to drought stress have been mapped on chromosome 1 before. The information derived from the current research facilitates marker-assisted breeding of drought-resistant lines and positional cloning of the gene conferring drought tolerance in rice.
Key words: Rice, Drought tolerance, QTL mapping, Bulked segregant analysis, Whole-genome sequencing
GENOME-WIDE ANALYSIS REVEALS THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF GENETIC VARIATION OF IMPORTANT ECONOMIC TRAITS IN CASHMERE GOATS ON QINGHAI-TIBET PLATEAU
Authors: Tian D , Zhou B.C. , Han B , Li X , Tian F , Qi D , Zhao K
Published: August 2023

Qaidam Cashmere goat is one of the few animals that can survive in the harsh environment of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the adjacent alpine areas. It has a strong adaptability, thus shaping the genetic diversity of goat phenotype, morphology, physiology and other aspects. However, the molecular basis behind these genetic mechanisms remains unclear. Here, we conducted genome-wide studies of genetic variation in two different morphologies and geographical coordinates in indigenous Chinese goats to identify selective signaling in genomic regions. In the present study, we re-sequenced 10 high-altitude Chinese indigenous goat breeds and compared them with low-altitude goats. By combining θπ and Fst values, we identified 1277 overlapping selection regions that may contribute to the wool fiber traits, reproductive performance, and high-altitude adaptation of goats. Candidate genes enriched in selected regions are associated with the phenotypes in cashmere fiber traits (IGFBP3, TNF, ROCK1, WNT10B, KITLG), reproduction traits (CAMK2D, IL-18, ESR1, ANAPC13), body size (POMC), hypoxic adaptation (TH, ACER1, GNB1, HIF1A) and disease (IL-10). This study provided valuable genetic information for the basis of biological characteristics and genetic improvement of breeds.
Keywords: cashmere goat, whole-genome resequencing, adaptability, candidate genes.
Evaluación de plomo en agua, suelo y su correlación con los niveles de plomo en sangre de los habitantes del centro poblado de Huacho – Ancash, Perú – 2021
Authors:   Universidad Nacional del Santa. Ancash, Perú, Avalos-Ramírez Yosef J.
Published: August 2023

El sector minero genera regalías al estado, pero también puede contaminar el ambiente y al hombre con metales pesados como el plomo que es uno de los principales productos que causan preocupación para la salud pública, ya que pueden causar diversas anomalías como cefalea, irritabilidad, hipertensión, convulsiones, enfermedades cerebro vasculares, anemia, insuficiencia renal, hepática y reproductiva, frente a ello en el año 2018 hubo una denuncia sobre una intoxicación por plomo en habitantes del centro poblado Huacho, en donde se habían analizado a 63 personas de las cuales el 71,4% tenían cantidades considerables de plomo en su sangre, el objetivo del presente trabajo es diagnosticar plomo en suelo y agua y determinar su correlación con la presencia de este metal en la sangre de sus pobladores. Se tomó muestras de agua para consumo humano directo, agua para riego de cultivos, muestras de suelo agrícola, se analizó mediante espectrometría de emisión óptica de plasma acoplado inductivamente (ICP-OES). Teniendo como resultado que el puquio que abastece de agua para consumo humano directo tiene 0,029 mg/L, que sobrepasa lo señalado por la legislación peruana 0,01 mg/L, así también, se encontró que todas las muestras de suelo contienen plomo desde 12,8 mg/Kg hasta 106,5 mg/Kg, que en dos de los puntos sobre pasa los límites máximos 70 mg/Kg, se concluye que la presencia de plomo en suelo y agua tiene correlación con los niveles de plomo en sangre de sus habitantes.
Dieta, microbiota y autismo
Authors:   Equipo de Investigación y Trabajo en Autismo. Lima, Perú., Reaño Ernesto
Published: August 2023

La nutrición es un elemento fundamental en las personas autistas pero no diferente de lo que puede ser para la población en general. Perspectivas poco científicas, sugieren que un tipo de dieta especial “recuperará” a la persona del autismo o que interviniendo sobre su microbiota se disminuirán sus características. Esto tiene su origen en posturas “biomédicas” que nacieron de fraudes (como el de Wakefield y las vacunas) o de creencias derivadas de ellos. En la actualidad sabemos que el autismo no es una enfermedad sino una condición de vida asociada a un neurodesarrollo atípico. Por ello, no existe una cura, aunque sí intervenciones y ajustes en el entorno que pueden mejorar la calidad de vida para aquellas personas autistas que se encuentren en stuación de discapacidad.Seguir tratamientos alimentarios que no hayan sido probados pueden generar déficits que afecten el crecimiento y la salud de la persona autista. Esto no quiere decir que no haya problemas gastrointesinales que coocurran con el autismo. Sin embargo, dichos problemas deben ser tratados de forma independiente y en ningún caso como los que provocan el autismo. Esto no sólo no tiene evidencia sino que desvían el foco de atención, sobre todo en autistas no hablantes que no pueden comunicar muchas veces, de modo efectivo, sus dolencias.
Hábitos alimentarios y nivel de actividad física en estudiantes universitarios durante la pandemia covid-19
Authors:   Universidad Le Cordon Bleu. Lima, Perú, Espinoza Melanda , Recoba Paulo ,   Universidad Le Cordon Bleu. Lima, Perú, Quiroz Karen ,   Universidad Le Cordon Bleu. Lima, Perú
Published: August 2023

A partir de la aparición de la pandemia covid-19 se han generado cambios en los hábitos alimentarios y niveles de actividad física de la población y en especial en los estudiantes universitarios, que además de mantenerse en cuarentena, deben continuar sus estudios de manera virtual durante la jornada y sin posibilidad de practicar deporte ni asistir a gimnasios, lo junto al estrés que genera este nuevo tipo de actividad docente, le convierte en blanco de las enfermedades crónicas, resultantes de este estilo en el que no se practica tampoco una buena alimentación en muchos casos. Se revisó literatura relacionada con los hábitos alimenticios y el nivel de actividad física de estudiantes universitarios en el período que duró la pandemia, para estudiar qué tipo de relación hay o no. Luego de los diferentes estudios, se mostró que aproximadamente el 60 % de los estudiantes presentaron hábitos alimentarios adecuados, pudiéndose destacar que, de ese valor, el 61%. Referido a la actividad física, el 49 %, de los universitarios presentaron actividad física leve, de los cuales el sexo femenino participó en un 55 %, y el sexo masculino el 56 % tuvieron actividad física alta. Se concluyó que existe una relación significativa pero el nivel es bajo entre hábitos alimentarios y el nivel de actividad física en los universitarios durante la pandemia por covid-19.
Prevalence and awareness of Herpes Zoster Among Saudi Patients with Diabetes Mellitus, A Cross Sectional Study in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alhaid Ahmed , Alhaddad Ahmed , Alramadhan Mahdi , Al-Ramdhan Abdullah , Bujubarah Ahmed , Alsaad Hassan
Published: August 2023

Background: Herpes zoster (HZ) is a painful vesicular rash that happens when an infection with the varicella-zoster virus in the sensory ganglia is reactivated. The incidence and severity of HZ and its complications increase with advancing age, with a marked increase after 50 years of age. In addition, diabetes mellitus has been found to be a risk factor for severe, persistent postherpetic neuralgia.

Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted in Al-Ahsa City, Eastern Saudi Arabia, in 2023. The study population included patients with DM who visit outpatient (ambulatory care) in primary or secondary health care setting. The convenience sample included 224 participants. A validated closed-ended interview questionnaire was used to collect data. The collected data were analyzed by the SPSS program version 28, and both descriptive and inferential statistics were used.

Results: The study included 224 participants, more than half (54.5%) of whom were female. The mean (SD) age of the sample was 61.1 ± 8 years. Most of the participants (97.8%) were married, and 29.0% had a secondary school education level. More than half of the participants (56.7%) had heard of HZ. Only 6.7% had been diagnosed with HZ, and 23.7% knew someone who had been diagnosed with HZ. In addition, 18.8% had been vaccinated against HZ. Most patients (80.8%) cited healthcare providers as their primary source of HZ knowledge, followed by friends/relatives (37.9%). More than half of the participants were aware of HZ (62.1%) and had a positive attitude towards HZ (55.8%) respectively. Awareness of HZ was positively correlated with a higher level of education, a high income, a short duration of diabetes, having heard of HZ, being diagnosed with HZ, knowing someone who had been diagnosed with HZ, and being vaccinated against HZ among diabetic patients.

Conclusion:  The results revealed low vaccination rates and low awareness of HZ. The study recommends that education in simple language should be provided through various media to increase community awareness about HZ and its vaccine. Additionally, healthcare providers should promote and recommend HZ vaccinations for DM patients.
B-cell lymphoma 2 family members and sarcomas: a promising target in a heterogeneous disease
Authors: Oliveira Rui Caetano , Gama João , Casanova José
Published: August 2023

Targeting the B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family proteins has been the backbone for hematological malignancies with overall survival improvements. The Bcl-2 family is a major player in apoptosis regulation and, has captured the researcher’s interest in the treatment of solid tumors. Sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of diseases, comprising several entities, with high morbidity and mortality and with few specific therapies available. The treatment for sarcomas is based on platinum regimens, with variable results and poor outcomes, especially in advanced lesions. The high number of different sarcoma entities makes treatment standardization as well as the performance of clinical trials difficult. The use of Bcl-2 family members modifiers has revealed promising results in in vitro and in vivo models and may be a valid option, especially when used in combination with chemotherapy. In this article, a revision of these results and possibilities for the use of Bcl-2 family members inhibitors in sarcomas was performed.
Patrones socioculturales: estilos de crianza infantil en una comunidad amuesha en la selva central del Perú
Authors: Herrera Álvarez Angela María , Venegas-Mejía Valia , Esquivel-Grados José , Lavado Guzmán Milagritos , M.Villamar Roger
Published: August 2023

La crianza de infantes en comunidades nativas es objeto de preocupación de autoridades e investigadores por ser un segmento poblacional vulnerable. El propósito del estudio fue analizar estilos de crianza infantil de una comunidad amuesha de la selva peruana. El diseño fenomenológico permitió entrevistar a madres amueshas de Oxapampa en Pasco, hasta alcanzar la saturación. Se encontró como resultados que las prácticas de crianza infantil se ajustan a patrones socioculturales, como la identidad y cultura patrimonial comunal, que están en extinción por la presencia de factores exóticos; además de una demanda al Estado por mejores servicios de educación y salud.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Immunological mechanisms and current treatments
Authors: Petagine Lucy , Zariwala Mohammed Gulrez , Patel Vinood B
Published: August 2023

The robotic liver resection (RLR) has been increasingly applied in recent years and its benefits shown in some aspects owing to the technical advancement of robotic surgical system, however, controversies still exist. Based on the foundation of the previous consensus statement, this new consensus document aimed to update clinical recommendations and provide guidance to improve the outcomes of RLR clinical practice. The guideline steering group and guideline expert group were formed by 29 international experts of liver surgery and evidence-based medicine (EBM). Relevant literature was reviewed and analyzed by the evidence evaluation group. According to the WHO Handbook for Guideline Development, the Guidance Principles of Development and Amendment of the Guidelines for Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment in China 2022, a total of 14 recommendations were generated. Among them were 8 recommendations formulated by the GRADE method, and the remaining 6 recommendations were formulated based on literature review and experts’ opinion due to insufficient EBM results. This international experts consensus guideline offered guidance for the safe and effective clinical practice and the research direction of RLR in future.
Linolenic acid-metronidazole inhibits the growth of Helicobacter pylori through oxidation
Authors: Zhou Wen-Ting , Dai Yuan-Yuan , Liao Li-Juan , Yang Shi-Xian , Chen Hao , Zhao Juan-Li , Huang Yan-Qiang , Huang Liang
Published: August 2023

The robotic liver resection (RLR) has been increasingly applied in recent years and its benefits shown in some aspects owing to the technical advancement of robotic surgical system, however, controversies still exist. Based on the foundation of the previous consensus statement, this new consensus document aimed to update clinical recommendations and provide guidance to improve the outcomes of RLR clinical practice. The guideline steering group and guideline expert group were formed by 29 international experts of liver surgery and evidence-based medicine (EBM). Relevant literature was reviewed and analyzed by the evidence evaluation group. According to the WHO Handbook for Guideline Development, the Guidance Principles of Development and Amendment of the Guidelines for Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment in China 2022, a total of 14 recommendations were generated. Among them were 8 recommendations formulated by the GRADE method, and the remaining 6 recommendations were formulated based on literature review and experts’ opinion due to insufficient EBM results. This international experts consensus guideline offered guidance for the safe and effective clinical practice and the research direction of RLR in future.
Acetaldehyde in the Enders triple cascade reaction via acetaldehyde dimethyl acetal
Authors: Brusa Alessandro , Iapadre Debora , Casacchia Maria Edith , Carioscia Alessio , Giorgianni Giuliana , Magagnano Giandomenico , Pesciaioli Fabio , Carlone Armando
Published: August 2023

Asymmetric organocatalyzed multicomponent reactions represent an important toolbox in the field of organic synthesis to build complex scaffolds starting from simple starting materials. The Enders three-component cascade reaction was a cornerstone in the field and a plethora of organocatalyzed cascade reactions followed. However, acetaldehyde was not shown as a successful reaction partner, probably because of its high reactivity. Herein, we report the Enders-type cascade reaction using acetaldehyde dimethyl acetal, as a masked form of acetaldehyde. This strategy directly converts acetaldehyde, nitroalkenes and enals into stereochemically dense cyclohexenals in good yield and excellent enantioselectivity.
Therapeutic Attributes of Stevia rebaudiana Leaves in Diabetic Animal Model
Authors: Hussain Fatma , Hafeez Javaria
Published: August 2023

Background: Medicinal plants contain organic chemicals with different properties. As synthetic medications can create deleterious effects, therefore, use of safe natural medicinal adjuncts like Stevia rebaudiana is endorsed.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the antidiabetic, antioxidant, antihyperlipidemic, hepatoprotective and renoprotective attributes of Stevia rebaudiana leaves in the diabetic rat model.

Methodology: Single dose of alloxan monohydrate was given to induce Diabetes mellitus in the rats. Plant extract treatment along with synthetic drug glibenclamide was given to rats for about 28 days to check their efficacies (antidiabetic, antioxidant, antihyperlipidemic, hepatoprotective and reno-protective) by using commercially available kits.

Results: Treatment showed a significant decrease in blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin HbA1c, and a rise in insulin, although it could not normalize these biomarkers after 28 days of treatment. Catalase (CAT) activity was restored yet it was not significantly improved in the case of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and Reduced Glutathione (GSH). Changes in lipid peroxidation products were trivial. Ingestion of Stevia rebaudiana significantly reduced Alanine Transaminase (ALT) and Aspartate Transaminase (AST) levels, however, changes in Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase (GGT), and Total Protein (TP) were not significant. Similarly, treatment with Stevia rebaudiana reduced serum urea, creatinine and urinary albumin in diabetic animals.

Conclusion: It is established that Stevia rebaudiana leaves have multiple benefits and can be an exceptional nutraceutical.
Emergence of Antifungal Azole Resistance in the Fungal Strains of Tinea corporis, Tinea capitis, Tinea cruris and Tinea pedis from the Locality of Southern Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Ismail Fatima , Ghani Abdul , Akbar Saba
Published: August 2023

Background: Dermatophytes are the most common group of fungi causing fungal infections all over the world. They are classified into three main groups Trichophyton, Microsporum and Epidermophyton. Among these, Trichophyton has the highest prevalence rate (70-90%) as compared to the others. The global emergence of fungal infections is varied due to the socio-economic conditions throughout the world. Developing countries, like Pakistan, are facing an increase in the number of dermatophytoses, including frequent relapses and treatment failures.

Objectives: The study have been conducted to identify the emerging fungal species, the role of commonly available antifungals such as azoles including voriconazole, ketoconazole, fluconazole and amphotericin B were used to determine the drug resistance among these species.

Methodology: Nine groups of dermatophytes and non-dermatophyte fungi isolated from the patients of tinea corporis, tinea cruris, tinea capitis and tinea pedis infections were analyzed for Phenotypic diversity, antifungal susceptibility and strains identification, was performed by cultural characteristics and microscopy.

Results: Nine groups of isolated fungal strains were identified as Trichophyton interdigitale, Trichophyton mentagrophyte, Trichophyton rubrum amongst dermatophytes class and Aspergillus terreus, Aspergillus verisocolor, Aspergillus niger, Acretonium sordidulum and Acremonium sclerotigenum of non-dermatophytes class.

Conclusion: The study revealed Trichophytone interdigitale group as more frequent dermatophytes. Whereas, among the antifungal drugs, fluconazole that targets the Erg 1 gene of ergosterol biosynthesis in fungi is less effective most common antifungal drugs available locally.
Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities of Acacia modesta, Achyranthe saspara and Solanum surattense used in Folk Medicine
Authors: Sana Nazia , Shaheen Rabia , Sharif Aneela , Kalsoom Sehrish , Nasreen Zahida
Published: August 2023

Background: The antibiotic resistance is a grave concern across the globe due to inappropriate and over usage of antibiotics without prescription which could be fatal for the humans in the long run. Therefore, the need of the hour is to look for more effective and economical options for treatment worldwide to reduce antibiotic resistance.

Objective: This study was targeted to assess the antibacterial and antifungal properties of leaf extracts of three plants (Achyranthes aspara, Acacia modesta and Solanum surattense) against Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Malassezia species.

Methods: The bioactive components were extracted using methanol and ethanol (70%) as solvents. The agar-well diffusion method was employed to assess the antibacterial and antifungal activities of leaf extract. The inhibitory zones were recorded. The bioassay studies of the crude extracts were undertaken at three different concentrations i.e., 30.0, 40.0, and 50.0 mg/ml.

Results and Conclusion: The ethanol extracts of Achyranthes aspara had shown the highest growth inhibitory effect at a concentration of 50.0 mg/ml with an inhibition zone of 13.2mm against E. coli. Ethanolic leaf extracts of solanum surattense had shown maximum inhibition effects at a concentration of 50.0 mg/ml with 12.5mm zones of inhibition against Salmonella. Acacia modesta did not show good results against any bacterial and fungal strains as compared to the other two plants.
INTERNATIONALIZATION OF THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY IN THE GLOBAL VALUE CHAIN
Authors: Niu Wentao , Xu Zhenzhen , Liu Bin , Liu Chunlu
Published: August 2023

The construction sector plays a significant role in national economic development and accounts for a dominant portion of national economic growth. The international construction industry’s development has been explored from the perspective of the economy. Internationalization improves awareness about participation in international trade activities. This paper aims to quantify the internationalization of the construction industry in the global value chain. The sectoral participation index and interaction index are conducted to evaluate the internationalized degree of the construction industries. In the results, the distribution of the backward participation indices shows nearly all countries’ internationalization processes were still at the stage of benefiting from primary resources. The forward support index is easily influenced by the scale effect. The backward independence index accounts for a small percentage of national imports measured by value added. The main source of value-added supply was the local construction sector. This study proposes a comprehensive indicator to quantify the internationalization of the construction industries in the sight of national and global points. The references have a positive value for policymakers in the management of value-added flows in the international market and adjustment of the foreign trade environment.
Deep H i Mapping of Stephan’s Quintet and Its Neighborhood
Authors: Cheng Cheng , Xu Cong Kevin , Appleton P. N. , Duc P.-A. , Tang N.-Y. , Dai Y.-S. , Huang J.-S. , Lisenfeld U. , Renaud F. , He Chuan , Feng Hai-Cheng
Published: August 2023

We carried out deep mapping observations of the atomic hydrogen (H i) 21 cm line emission in a field centered on the famous galaxy group Stephan's Quintet (SQ), using the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope (FAST) equipped with a 19-beam receiver. The final data cube reaches an H i column density sensitivity of 5σ = 2.1 × 1017 cm−2 per 20 km s−1 channel with an angular resolution of 4.′0. The discovery of a large diffuse feature of the H i emission in the outskirts of the intragroup medium of SQ was reported in a previous paper (Xu et al.). Here we present a new study of the total H i emission of SQ and the detection of several neighboring galaxies, exploiting the high sensitivity and the large sky coverage of the FAST observations. A total H i mass of M
H I = 3.48 ± 0.35 × 1010
M
☉ is found for SQ, which is significantly higher than previous measurements in the literature. This indicates that, contrary to earlier claims, SQ is not H i deficient. The excessive H i gas is mainly found in the velocity ranges of 6200–6400 km s−1 and 6800–7000 km s−1, which were undetected in previous observations that are less sensitive than ours. Our results suggest that the “missing H i” in compact groups may be hidden in the low-density diffuse neutral gas instead of in the ionized gas.
The Crucial Role of Perpendicular Diffusion in the Longitude Distribution of >10 MeV Solar Energetic Protons
Authors: Wang Yang , Qin Gang
Published: August 2023

Gradual solar proton events are thought to consist of solar components originating near the Sun and interplanetary components associated with interplanetary shocks, and the role of interplanetary shocks is considered to be crucial in supplying particles to regions that are not magnetically connected to the solar source region. We calculate the ratios of the peak intensities for the four energy channels (13–16, 20–25, 32–40, and 40–64 MeV) and compare the ratios observed by multiple spacecraft at different locations. We often find that the ratio of peak intensities observed at different locations in the same event remains almost constant as the energy varies. In other words, the ratio of peak intensities from the different energy channels remains almost constant as the position of the spacecraft changes. The phenomenon implies that in many gradual events, energetic particles observed at different locations are mainly composed of solar components that undergo perpendicular diffusion in both the vicinity of the Sun and the interplanetary space, and that perpendicular diffusion is the main factor enabling energetic particles to be observed in regions without magnetic connection to the solar source region.
Early Planet Formation in Embedded Disks (eDisk). V. Possible Annular Substructure in a Circumstellar Disk in the Ced110 IRS4 System
Authors: Sai Insa Choi Jinshi , Yen Hsi-Wei , Ohashi Nagayoshi , Tobin John J. , Jørgensen Jes K. , Takakuwa Shigehisa , Saigo Kazuya , Aso Yusuke , Lin Zhe-Yu Daniel , Koch Patrick M. , Aikawa Yuri , Flores Christian , de Gregorio-Monsalvo Itziar , Han Ilseung , Kido Miyu , Kwon Woojin , Lai Shih-Ping , Lee Chang Won , Lee Jeong-Eun , Li Zhi-Yun , Looney Leslie W. , Mori Shoji , Phuong Nguyen Thi , Santamaría-Miranda Alejandro , Sharma Rajeeb , Thieme Travis J. , Tomida Kengo , Williams Jonathan P.
Published: August 2023

We have observed the Class 0/I protostellar system Ced110 IRS4 at an angular resolution of 0.″05 (∼10 au) as part of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array large program, Early Planet Formation in Embedded Disks. The 1.3 mm dust continuum emission reveals that Ced110 IRS4 is a binary system with a projected separation of ∼250 au. The continuum emissions associated with the main source and its companion, named Ced110 IRS4A and IRS4B, respectively, exhibit disk-like shapes and likely arise from dust disks around the protostars. The continuum emission of Ced110 IRS4A has a radius of ∼110 au (∼0.″6) and shows bumps along its major axis with an asymmetry. The bumps can be interpreted as a shallow, ring-like structure at a radius of ∼40 au (∼0.″2) in the continuum emission, as demonstrated from two-dimensional intensity distribution models. A rotation curve analysis on the C18O and 13CO J = 2–1 lines reveals the presence of a Keplerian disk within a radius of 120 au around Ced110 IRS4A, which supports the interpretation that the dust continuum emission arises from a disk. The ring-like structure in the dust continuum emission might indicate a possible annular substructure in the surface density of the embedded disk, although the possibility that it is an apparent structure due to the optically thick continuum emission cannot be ruled out.
Long-term Motor and Sensory Outcomes After Unilateral Medial Rectus Recession-Lateral Rectus Resection for Infantile Esotropia
Authors: Mohan Kanwar , Sharma Suresh Kumar
Published: August 2023

Purpose:

To report long-term motor and sensory outcomes after unilateral medial rectus recession–lateral rectus resection for infantile esotropia.

Methods:

The medical records of patients who had undergone unilateral medial rectus recession–lateral rectus resection for infantile esotropia and were followed up postoperatively for a minimum of 10 years were reviewed retrospectively.

Results:

A total of 100 patients were included. The mean age at surgery was 2.9 ± 2.2 years (range: 2.5 months to 9.0 years). The mean postoperative follow-up was 15.7 ± 4.4 years (range:10.0 to 27.5 years). Overall, 54 patients (54%) had surgical success at their last follow-up visit. Age at first surgery, strabismus duration, degree of hyperopia, preoperative size of deviation, presence of dissociated vertical deviation, inferior oblique overaction, or both dissociated vertical deviation and inferior oblique overaction, and the number of esotropia surgeries did not predict motor outcome after surgery. Consecutive exotropia developed in 43% of patients (constant in 18% and intermittent in 25%). Residual and recurrent esotropia occurred in 20% and 21% of patients, respectively. Refractive accommodative esotropia developed in 17% of patients and there was a high accommodation convergence/accommodation ratio esotropia in 2%. Peripheral binocular single vision was achieved in 54% of patients and stereopsis in 1%. Patients with 1.5 years or less of strabismus duration had better chances of achieving peripheral binocular single vision.

Conclusions:

Nearly half of the patients with infantile esotropia achieved a successful long-term motor outcome and peripheral binocular single vision. Consecutive exotropia occurred frequently. Recurrent esotropia and refractive accommodative esotropia developed in some patients, and a high accommodation convergence/accommodation ratio esotropia in a few. Stereopsis outcome was extremely poor.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2024;61(2):106–113.]
Impact of Hospitalization of People With Dementia or Cognitive Impairment on Family Caregivers
Authors: Casafont Claudia , González-García Maria Josefa , Casadamon-Munarriz Irache , Piazuelo Mercè , Cobo-Sánchez Jose Luis , Bravo María , Frías Cindy E. , Zabalegui Adelaida
Published: August 2023

Corrections have been made to the current article. Funding information and an additional acknowledgment have been added to the author information (p. 283).

People with dementia (PWD) have a higher risk of hospitalization than people without dementia. Hospitalizations are stressful events for PWD and their caregivers, representing a considerable change to their routines. The current descriptive longitudinal study aimed to identify the positive and negative reactions, experiences related to health and social integrated care, resource use, and work status of family caregivers of PWD or cognitive impairment admitted to the hospital with a proximal femur fracture undergoing surgery. Findings indicated that family caregivers (
N
= 174) are fully committed to providing assistance in activities of daily living and supervision, showing positive attitudes on self-esteem and negative attitudes toward lack of family support and impact on finances, schedule, and health. Overall caregiver experiences with integrated health and social care improved after hospitalization but decreased after discharge. One month after hospitalization, family caregivers maintained the same work hours but used fewer health care resources. Hospitalization represents a good opportunity to approach family caregivers and determine their needs to provide them with interventions to minimize their burden and improve their well-being. [
Research in Gerontological Nursing, 16
(6), 283–290.]
Factors Affecting COVID-19 Incidences and Deaths of Geriatric Hospital Patients in Korea
Authors: Shin Juh Hyun , Jung Sunok , Kim Jung Eun
Published: August 2023

The current retrospective study aimed to investigate the association between organizational factors and nursing staff in geriatric hospitals and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) incidences and deaths using secondary data from governments nationwide in Korea. We used data on the number of COVID-19–confirmed cases and deaths among older adults in geriatric hospitals and nursing staff levels in those hospitals. We found that when the RN level was higher than the sample mean, the number of COVID-19–confirmed cases by geriatric hospital was significantly lower (4.3%;
p
= 0.05) and the number of deaths by geriatric hospital was marginally significantly lower (1.4%;
p
= 0.05). This study presented the national description of geriatric hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of organizational and nursing staff factors. Findings highlight the impact of nursing staff skill mix and number of geriatric hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic in Korea. It is necessary to allocate a realistic designation of infection control staff and establish a clear standard so infection control activities in geriatric hospitals can proceed systematically. [
Research in Gerontological Nursing, 16
(6), 302–311.]
Influence of helium plasma on the structural state of the surface carbide layer of tungsten
Authors: Skakov Mazhyn , Miniyazov Arman , Baklanov Victor , Gradoboev Alexander , Tulenbergenov Timur , Sokolov Igor , Kozhakhmetov Yernat , Zhanbolatova Gainiya , Kukushkin Ivan
Published: August 2023

This paper presents the results of the experimental studies of the helium plasma interaction with a surface carbide layer of tungsten. The experiments were carried out on a plasma beam installation (PBI) at a constant energy of incoming ions of 2 keV and at a surface temperature of the tungsten carbide layer of ~905 and ~1750 ℃. The local parameters (Te, n0) of the helium plasma were evaluated using the probe method and spectrometric analysis of the plasma composition. The helium plasma irradiated two types of the carbide layer on the tungsten surface, WC and W2C. The mechanisms of changing the tungsten surface morphology in the result of the plasma irradiation have been described. The study of the surface structure of the tungsten samples with a carbide layer of two types (WC, W2C) after the exposure to the helium plasma has revealed two different types of the formation of helium bubbles and changes in the surface morphology. The physical mechanism of the formation of helium bubbles consists in the capture of helium atoms by the thermal vacancies generated at high temperature by the material surface. However, with a significant increase in temperature to 1750 ℃, the formation of the bubbles was no longer observed and the sample surface had a developed coral-like structure with crystallographically oriented grains.
De los avatares de la política contemporánea a la luz del pensamiento de Balibar: El derecho de ciudad ante la actual forma política urbana
Authors: Guindi Betina
Published: August 2023

Este trabajo aborda la pregunta por la política en aquello que damos en llamar el tiempo actual. Como vía heurística, se convocan ciertos aspectos del andamiaje teórico de Étienne Balibar; en particular se problematiza la categoría de ciudadanía que este filósofo francés reivindica, desajustándola de la tradición liberal-capitalista -que la limita a una concepción jurídico-moral- y restituyéndole su poder instituyente sin dejar de considerar las relaciones -siempre aporéticas- que ésta mantiene con la figura del Estado. Se focaliza en la relación entre ciudadanía y ciudad (la pólis) en tanto los modos de habitar las ciudades -y las disputas que se generan en torno a ellos- se constituyen en un problema político que implica la discusión respecto de los «derechos de ciudad», de las formas de intervención y de las exclusiones ciudadanas. Esta preocupación se sustenta en la premisa de que, si bien históricamente la ciudad ha sido el locus por excelencia del ejercicio de la política, el espacio urbano encarna de modo paradigmático la conflictividad social del mundo contemporáneo. Como hipótesis se propone que la vigencia conceptual de la categoría de ciudadanía requiere además considerarla en su dimensión sensible dado que los modos en que los ciudadanos habitan una ciudad remiten a una configuración que enlaza maneras de ver, sentir y pensar. Las formas estético-políticas (Rancière) que presenta el espacio de la ciudad se incardinan a los procesos de subjetivación política y a las posibilidades y dificultades de construcción del ser-en-común. En tal sentido, si bien las escenas actuales de predominio neoliberal evidencian una dirección desdemocratizadora y antiigualitaria, la condición politizable de la forma urbana contempla la posibilidad de emergencia de intervenciones ciudadanas insurgentes que disputen la desigual distribución de tiempos y espacios.
Socialismo, propiedad y demos. La dictadura del proletariado en Étienne Balibar y Antoni Domènech
Authors: Ruiz Moreno Jesús Ángel
Published: August 2023

Este artículo analiza la dictadura del proletariado desde las revisiones en la coyuntura político-filosófica de los años setenta, marcada por la emergencia de la crisis del marxismo y la revisión antiestalinista de los principales conceptos bolcheviques, hasta la actualidad. Para ello, contrastamos las obras de Antoni Domènech y Étienne Balibar y sus tradiciones filosóficas respectivas destacando sus encuentros y problemas comunes. Por otro lado, hemos decidido acometer la dictadura del proletariado a partir de tres oposiciones: clase contra clase/alianza de clases, dictadura comisaria/dictadura soberana, planificación/mercado.
Ciudadanía, Constitución y democracia: las antinomias de la igualibertad
Authors: Fernández Caparrós Francisco Miguel
Published: August 2023

Este trabajo pretende analizar críticamente la interpretación llevada a cabo por Étienne Balibar en relación con las tres antinomias de la igualibertad descritas en su obra, así como con las definiciones balibarianas de «ciudadanía social», «Constitución material» y «co-ciudadanía». Para ello, se hará un recorrido por el pensamiento del filósofo a través de su obra La igualibertad. A continuación, se confrontarán algunas de sus tesis con el propósito de mostrar sus límites internos a través de la filosofía del derecho mediante la obra de Luigi Ferrajoli. Para terminar, se propone la propuesta de constitucionalismo garantista de Ferrajoli como posible superación de las antinomias planteadas por Balibar acerca de la igualibertad.
La civilidad como horizonte para la democracia en Étienne Balibar
Authors: Carballo Rodríguez Francisco Manuel
Published: August 2023

Este artículo analiza los riesgos a los que está expuesta la democracia en nuestras sociedades, una vez que se constata el aumento de las actitudes antiinmigración y de los delitos de odio cometidos contra las personas migrantes. Para ello se establecerá un diálogo entre los diagnósticos de las ciencias sociales y las aportaciones de Étienne Balibar que nos permitirá mostrar que, más que en una situación de crisis coyuntural, nos encontramos ante un riesgo de retroceso democrático cuya fuente está en los rasgos estructurales de la política democrática moderna y sus conflictos, siempre violentos. Por último, se mostrará que la propuesta democrática de Balibar no pretende suprimir la violencia, sino integrarla en formas políticas que tengan como horizonte la emancipación y la transformación.
La democracia de los conatus. Balibar y la igualibertad en Spinoza
Authors: Sainz Pezonaga Aurelio
Published: August 2023

En este artículo relaciono la reflexión de Balibar en torno a la proposición de la igualibertad con su lectura de la filosofía de Spinoza. Balibar examina esta última desde la necesidad de teorizar una respuesta a la pregunta por el hombre en la nueva coyuntura política de los años ochenta y noventa del siglo XX. Y expone la antropología política spinoziana a través de la presentación y el análisis de tres correlaciones: entre las identidades individuales y la colectiva, entre las potencias individuales y la colectiva y entre las singularidades y la naturaleza infinita. Así puede dar cuenta de las tres modalidades (antigua, moderna y posmoderna) de la igualibertad, pensando el conatus como esfuerzo de liberación siempre ya activo.
Dos problemas de la articulación política democrática en el neoliberalismo: la exclusión y la división social del trabajo político
Authors: Costa Jorge
Published: August 2023

En este artículo abordo dos obstáculos para la articulación política democrática en un régimen neoliberal: la exclusión y la división social del trabajo. Para ello, partiré de una primera delimitación de rasgos comunes a las movilizaciones sociales en el neoliberalismo desde el punto de vista de su relación con la política institucional. Después, reformularé esa misma caracterización a través del concepto relacional del Estado procedente de Nicos Poulantzas y reelaborado por Étienne Balibar, para centrarme en el análisis de los dos problemas centrales del artículo: la exclusión y la reproducción de la división social del trabajo en la política. Para el tratamiento de estas cuestiones me serviré del marco de análisis desarrollado por Balibar a partir de los conceptos de igualibertad y Estado nacional-social. Por último, en las conclusiones, propondré respuestas democráticas para los dos problemas señalados.