bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Viral shedding patterns of symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections by periods of variant predominance and vaccination status in Gyeonggi Province, Korea
Authors: Choi Gawon , Lim Ah-Young , Choi Sojin , Park Kunhee , Lee Soon Young , Kim Jong-Hun
Published: December 2022

OBJECTIVES: We compared the viral cycle threshold (Ct) values of infected patients to better understand viral kinetics by vaccination status during different periods of variant predominance in Gyeonggi Province, Korea.METHODS: We obtained case-specific data from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) surveillance system, Gyeonggi in-depth epidemiological report system, and Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service from January 2020 to January 2022. We defined periods of variant predominance and explored Ct values by analyzing viral sequencing test results. Using a generalized additive model, we performed a nonlinear regression analysis to determine viral kinetics over time.RESULTS: Cases in the Delta variant’s period of predominance had higher viral shedding patterns than cases in other periods. The temporal change of viral shedding did not vary by vaccination status in the Omicron-predominant period, but viral shedding decreased in patients who had completed their third vaccination in the Delta-predominant period. During the Delta-predominant and Omicron-predominant periods, the time from symptom onset to peak viral shedding based on the E gene was approximately 2.4 days (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.2 to 2.5) and 2.1 days (95% CI, 2.0 to 2.1), respectively.CONCLUSIONS: In one-time tests conducted to diagnose COVID-19 in a large population, although no adjustment for individual characteristics was conducted, it was confirmed that viral shedding differed by the predominant strain and vaccination history. These results show the value of utilizing hundreds of thousands of test data produced at COVID-19 screening test centers.
Reasonable exploitation solution for longwall in Seam L7 at East Side to ensure the stability of G9 surface works of Mong Duong Coal Mine
Authors: Vu Tien Trung , Do Son Anh , Le Dung Tien , Pham Hung Duc , Tran Kien Trung ,   Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, Hanoi, Vietnam
  Dongbac Corporation, Quang Ninh, Vietnam
Published: December 2022

When exploiting the working face located under the surface works need to be protected, it may lead to potential risks that cause unsafety and effect for the stability of those works. The degree of influence on the surface works depends on many factors, including the exploitation technology factor. It is always necessary to study and evaluate the impact of mining on the surface works to propose appropriate technical solutions and mining technology to ensure the safety during mining process. Through the field study at Mong Duong Coal Mine, finding a reasonable mining solution for the longwall in Seam L7 at East Side is important to ensure the stability of the G9 surface works. These works include a coal storage, and some construction works of level 4 houses, equipment and machinery for coal transportation and their total weight is estimated about 200,000 tons. Research methods used include numerical modeling method combined with comparative data analysis method. The authors have determined the heights of the collapse zone and fracture zone corresponding to the face advance of the longwall and the degree of influence on the surface works. These are considered as a basis for choosing a reasonable mining solution for the condition of the longwall to ensure the stability of the surface works. The above methods are applied to the condition of the longwall in Seam L7 at East Side of Mong Duong Coal Mine and find a reasonable exploitation for the longwall in Seam L7 with a cutting height of 2.2 m and recovering 100% of top coal (corresponding to 0.8 m). When the longwall is exploited in the strike direction to 140 m, the G9 surface works remain unaffected. When the longwall is exploited in the strike direction of 160 m onward, those works will be affected. The paper’s results are used as a basis for Mong Duong Coal Mine to choose a mining solution and to timely adjust the mining solution of the longwall in Seam L7, ensuring efficiency and stability for G9 surface works.
Tree biomass – a fragile carbon storage in old-growth birch and aspen stands in hemiboreal Latvia
Authors: Ķēniņa Laura , Elferts Didzis , Jaunslaviete Ieva , Bāders Endijs , Šņepsts Guntars , Jansons Āris
Published: December 2022

Birch (Betula pendula Roth, Betula pubescens Ehrh.) and European aspen (Populus tremula L.) stands dominate the deciduous forests of Northern Europe. Due to increasing forest protections, more deciduous stands will reach the old-growth stage. Thus, data on the carbon storage potential in such areas are essential. We aimed to establish a benchmark for carbon stocks of the main carbon pools in old-growth deciduous hemiboreal stands. Carbon pools were calculated from measurements in forty old-growth (104–148 years-old) deciduous stands in forests on fertile mineral soil. The carbon stock in these stands is distributed across tree biomass (~ 60%), mineral soil (~ 30%), the forest floor (~ 5%), and deadwood (~ 4%). Living tree biomass and deadwood carbon pools were closely associated with stand parameters: dominant tree species, standing volume and stand density. As the stand ages and tree dieback occurs, the significance of individual large trees to maintain high density and standing volume, thus also the carbon stock of the stand, rises. Reliance on a small number of large trees makes the carbon storage in old-growth stands fragile and easily affected by natural disturbances. It happens at an earlier age for species with a relatively short life span, like birch and aspen. Our data from stands with the limited recent influence of such disturbances provide a benchmark for carbon storage potential in old deciduous stands.
Keywords: carbon pools, tree biomass, deadwood, forest floor, soil, birch, European aspen
Role of e-learning environments in training applicants for higher education in the realities of large-scale military aggression
Authors: Bakhmat Nataliia , Burenko Maryna , Krasnov Volodymyr , Olianych Larysa , Balashov Dmytro , Liulchak Svitlana
Published: December 2022

Electronic educational environments in the conditions of quarantine restrictions of COVID-19 have become a common phenomenon for the organization of distance educational activities. The purpose of the article is to analyze the role of electronic educational environments in the process of training applicants for higher education. General scientific, pedagogical methods were used. In the results, the general properties of the Internet educational platforms common in Ukraine, the peculiarities of using the Moodle and Prometheus platforms were discussed. The conclusions state that the military actions drew the attention of universities in Ukraine to the formation of their own educational platforms.
Dermatomyositis Presenting with Isolated Dysphagia: A Case Report
Authors: Lee Inyoung , Lee Hak-In , Choi Ha Young , Park Kee Hong , Kim Sooyoung , Sohn Eunhee
Published: December 2022

We report a case of a 75-year-old woman who was diagnosed with dermatomyositis presenting with isolated dysphagia. There were no obvious cranial nerve deficits with normal motor grade in all the limbs in neurological examinations, but a suspicious rash was observed in the anterior chest. The serum creatine kinase was 306 IU/L, and active myopathic changes in bilateral limb muscles were observed in the electromyography test. Muscle biopsy from vastus lateralis showed perivascular infiltration of mononuclear inflammatory cells, which was compatible with dermatomyositis. She had responded to oral prednisolone and azathioprine.
A Case Report of Sensory Guillain-Barré Syndrome with Prominent Autonomic Dysfunction in a Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patient
Authors: Kim Yong Sung , Kim Young Seo
Published: December 2022

Sensory Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rare heterogeneous subgroup of GBS characterized by the primary involvement of sensory neurons resulting in a distinctive clinical presentation. Sensory GBS usually occurs with acute and monophasic sensory symptoms, and no or minimal muscle weakness. Sensory GBS patient show hypo- or areflexia, distal paresthesia, and normal cerebrospinal fluid finding or albumino-cytologic dissociation which are suggesting that these conditions are a GBS variant. Autonomic dysfunctions have rarely been reported in sensory GBS patient presenting with postural hypotension, abnormal heart rate response to respiration. In this case, we demonstrate a patient with autonomic symptoms dominant sensory GBS in systemic lupus erythematosus.
OPTIMIZATION OF TOLL SERVICES USING QUEUING THEORY IN THE CASE OF ETHIOPIA
Authors: Sewagegn Abate
Published: December 2022

The toll road service is planned and built to fund road construction and management of traffic operations. Although the toll service has several benefits, it also has challenges by creating a queue in the event of high traffic. Queues at a toll service in addition to pollution and waiting time costs also expose drivers to road traffic accidents and affect the economy of the country. Queuing problems at highway gates and exits due to toll service have become the main concern for transport managers and planners because of the randomness of inter-arrival and service time. The critical point in the management of toll road services is finding the optimal number of servers. This paper aims to analyze the queue feature to optimize the toll service using analytical and simulation models by considering the Addis-Adama expressway toll service in Ethiopia. The paper used a mathematical model and a simulation model using the CPN tools to investigate the queuing parameters. Then the model results helped us to get the optimum output by using economic analysis and identifying the minimum waiting time and operating cost without expense. The performance of the toll service highly depends on the number of servers, the number of vehicles in the system and queue, waiting time in the queue, service time, and inter-arrival time.
Orta Çağ’da Paralı Askerliğe Geçiş Denemeleri: İngiltere Örneği
Authors: YAŞAR Şükran
Published: December 2022

Bu araştırma, Ortaçağ’da paralı askerliğe geçiş denemelerini İngiltere özelinde incelemektedir. Ortaçağ Batı Avrupa’sında feodalitenin siyasi, askeri ve ekonomik bir rejim olarak hem toplumlar hem de monarşiler üzerindeki etkisi düşünüldüğünde paralı askerlik henüz uygulama safhasında gözükmemektedir. Ancak biz bu çalışmamızda erken diyebileceğimiz tarihlerde Ortaçağ İngiltere’sinde paralı askerliğe ait uygulamaların varlığını tespit ettik. Ayrıca makalemizde ücretli ve paralı askerlik arasında farklar olduğunu tespit edip bu farkların neler olduğunu tahlil etmeye çalıştık. Bu noktada ücretli askerlik kavramının daha çok feodal unsurlarla birlikte var olduğunu paralı askerlik kavramının ise daha profesyonel askerler için kullanıldığını söyleyebiliriz. Başka bir ifadeyle ücretli askerlik tabiri daha çok teşvik yoluyla ve iç hizmette bulunanlar için kullanılırken, paralı asker tabiri deniz aşırı ülkelerden temin edilen profesyonel savaşçılar için kullanılmıştır. Ortaçağ İngiltere’sinde kullanılan süvari toplama yöntemleri kesinlikle statik değildi ve basit bir gelişme modeline de uymuyordu. Feodal sistemden ücretli ve paralı sisteme doğru istikrarlı bir doğrusal ilerleme de söz konusu değildir. Söz konusu süreçte eşgüdümsel olarak farklı metotlar uygulandığını rahatlıkla söyleyebiliriz. Bu bağlamda konuyu aydınlatabilmek adına çalışmamızda döneme ait ana kaynaklardan ve telif eserlerden yararlandık.
ПРEДШКOЛСКA ПEДAГOГИJA У СTРУКTУРИ OСНOВНИХ AКAДEMСКИХ СTУДИJA НA ФИЛOЗOФСКИM ФAКУЛTETИMA У СРБИJИ
Authors: Петровић Гордана
Published: December 2022

The reaccreditation of each study program should be accompanied by innovations and enrichment of the content of teaching subjects in accordance with the changes that occur over time. Experience in the implementation of programs at other faculties is of great importance for the introduction of changes in the study program. For this reason, we wanted to perform a comparative analysis of the syllabus of the Preschool Pedagogy course in the study programs of the basic studies of pedagogy at the Philosophical Faculties in Niš, Belgrade, Novi Sad and Kosovska Mitrovica. The descriptive method and content analysis technique were used in the paper. The aim of the paper is to examine the similarities and differences between the syllabus for the study subject Preschool Pedagogy at the basic academic studies of pedagogy at the mentioned faculties. The study, analysis and comparison of the characteristics of the Preschool Pedagogy syllabus was carried out on the basis of the following units of analysis: subject content, number of hours of lectures and exercises, year of study and semester, subject status, literature and number of ESPB points. The results of the research showed that there are differences in the examined areas. In the field of subject content, there are the fewest differences, while the existence of the most differences is proven in the field of used literature. Keywords: preschool pedagogy, study program, syllabi, differences, analysis
Improving school performance in visual deficiency students
Authors:   ", PÎRVAN Mariana ,   Ion Creangă",   SPU, Chișinău
Published: December 2022

The school environment has an important educational impact, being a factor that can essentially influence school performance. School performance in visually impaired students is often poor, presents with difficulties due to deficiency and can develop inhibited attitudes, passive, poor mobilization in cognitive tasks. A stimulating environment, mediated by wealthy adults, which encourages the involvement of children in cognitive tasks, has an equalizing effect on the cognitive and educational level. The qualities of the families of the students' backgrounds, including their investment in meditations and the induction in the children of the interest towards the school contribute the most to the increase of the performances. The evaluation of performance must be as continuous as it is significant in its final or summative form.
Leadership – a new way of organizing work
Authors:   ", FRUNZE Olesea ,   Ion Creangă",   SPU, Chișinău, LAPOȘIN Emilia ,   "Ion Creangă" SPU, Chișinău
Published: December 2022

When each person encounters the notion of leader, they have their own glossary to define this notion, but each time they are usually focused on their own experience gained during life, school, university, gang and work. Leaders are in any team or group, but we see that these assumptions about who would be a leader and what leadership is are wrong. The leader is not exactly if he has a leadership position, if he has a long career, if he has extraordinary achievements, if he is charismatic, if he has power, if he is influential or if he is appointed manager. Manager is not synonymous with leader, the person can have any of these qualities, but that does not automatically mean that he is a leader. Institutional leaders are responsible for defining the company. They create the vision, mission and values of the company they identify with in the market. They develop business and market strategy, set work priorities and strategic business tools. They set major goals for the rest of the company's leadership. They are driving change. Team leaders are responsible for achieving its results. Individual leaders are responsible for carrying out their work in a team spirit.
The importance of intercultural communication skills for refugee integration
Authors:   ", LAPOSINA Emilia ,   Ion Creangă",   SPU, Chișinău, FRUNZE Olesea ,   "Ion Creangă" SPU, Chișinău
Published: December 2022

Because refugees come from different regions with their own cultural, religious, linguistic practices, the new social culture of the host country may conflict with their home culture, causing tensions between those communities and language barriers between individuals or groups, which raises the issue of intercultural communication. mainly in front of social assistance professionals. In order to have a smooth communication - without obstacles - a common language is needed. But "language" does not just mean vocabulary, it also implies specific rules for organizing speech, as well as a certain meaning assigned to words.
The usefulness of educational software in correcting language disorders in students with intellectic deficiency
Authors:   ", СRIȘAN Еlеna ,   Соnstantin Рăunеsсu",   Christian High School, STRATAN Valеntina ,   "Ion Creangă" SPU, Chișinău
Published: December 2022

The impact of educational software on students is obvious: you can see an increase in interest in learning, an increase in attendance at classes, better school results. Taking into account the specifics of the students, the use of quality, attractive perceptual materials contributes to the formation of solid representations. At the same time, the presentation of concrete-intuitive materials in an accessible manner accompanied by an adapted verbal explanation contributes to the formation of skills and the acquisition of knowledge by them. In special education units, a series of teaching, correction and recovery means, both classical and modern, are used in the activity of therapy of language disorders.
A Unified Federated Framework for Internet-of-Things Security Challenges
Authors: Fadele Ayotunde , Jegede Abayomi , Dada Emmanuel G. , Oloyede Ayodele
Published: December 2022

The protection of sensitive information is among the top priorities of organizations that are involved in manufacturing. Because of this, businesses are afraid of sharing their data with other parties so that they may construct predictive and prognostic models. In such a situation, it is difficult to construct complete models to forecast the breakdown of assets since data from a single firm would not provide the needed range of operating regimes and failure types. Recently, the Internet of Things (IoT) has gotten a lot of interest because of the vast variety of applications it has in numerous fields that communicate across multiple levels of the Internet infrastructure. The Internet of Things is composed of three layers: the physical layer, the network layer, and the application layer. This paper discusses security threats and responses for each layer of the IoT. The research examines different current state-of-the-art IoT security frameworks and suggests a unified IoT network security framework name "A Unified Federated Security Framework." The fuzzy cognitive maps used in the proposed framework are used to represent and evaluate trust connections between entities in federated identity management systems. For Internet of Things networks, the unified federated security architecture suggested in this paper offers comprehensive security characteristics. It also allows for the accurate categorization of all assaults and the capture of the different dangers, which allows for the development and implementation of improved defenses.
Effect of Machining Directions on Surface Integrity of AISI 1018 Steel in a Face Milling Process
Authors: Edem Isuamfon F.
Published: December 2022

This study analyses the effect of machining directions on surface integrity of AISI 1018 steel by performing a face milling operation using the zag toolpath strategy; undertaking a detailed surface roughness check of the machined surface in the cutting and feed directions; studying the microstructure of the as-received workpiece and subsurface of the machined part in the cutting and feed directions in 2% Nital etching; and comparing the grain size before and after the cutting process. Results show that surface roughness values were minimal when measurements were conducted at the middle of the machined surface. Also, surface roughness values were higher in the feed direction than in the cutting direction by 13% due to the presence of feed marks which were clearly visible on the machined surface. The grains at the top machined surface were deformed, elongated, and oriented in the cutting direction as a result of plastic deformations experienced in the machining process, while the grains were also elongated and disoriented in the feed direction. Surface damages caused by the cutting tool’s engagement of the workpiece were clearly seen at the side of the machined surface’s edge. The average grain size value before machining was higher than the average grain size value after machining by 27%, attributed to the plastic deformation of the grain structure as a result of machining. This study has provided an in depth knowledge and understanding of the influence of plastic deformation due to machining on surface roughness and microstructure of the machined part.
Impact of Attenuation due to Atmospheric Gases on the Communication Signal for fixed Satellite Links in Abuja, North Central Nigeria
Authors: Olla Moses O. , Akinsanmi Olaitan , Oluwafemi Ilesanmi B. , Ayodele Oluwole S.
Published: December 2022

Reliable microwave link system requires models that are location-dependent with meteorological data from location of consideration. Adaptation of models and analytical data from a location with different climatological pattern often prove inadequate when used for another location. Hence, prediction of attenuation attributed to water vapor and oxygen in Abuja (9.0765⁰ N, 7.3986⁰ E), Nigeria requires development of mathematical model using Meteorological data (pressure, temperature and water vapor) for the study area at range of five (5) years. Thereafter, the newly developed models (gaussian, exponential and linear models) were applied to derive new analytical parameters in a wide frequency range from K band, Ka band, X band, Ku band, S band and C band respectively for both the oxygen and water vapor in Abuja (North Central). The proposed model therefore, show significant improvement over the ITU-R model in the sense that, Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) obtained for X-band, Ka-band, S-band and C-band frequency bands is lower than those obtained for ITU-R model.
Properties Assessment and Application of Regression analysis on the compressive strength of Hollow Sandcrete Blocks
Authors: Akanbi Toyin Y. , Waziri Joy A. , Brown David I.
Published: December 2022

The study focuses on the properties assessment and application of regression analysis on the compressive strength of hollow sandcrete blocks. A total of ten (10) block producers were visited and fine aggregates used in the production of sandcrete block collected, a total number of 10 blocks per producer was collected with a curing period of 7 days and transported to the laboratory of civil and environmental engineering, Air force institute of technology Kaduna, where it was further cured for an additional period of 7 days making it a total curing period of 14 days. The test carried out on the aggregates and the sandcrete blocks includes: sieve analysis, dimension and compressive strength test. The mix composition of each of the block producer was also determined. Modelling using Minitab software was used to carryout multiple regression analysis to develop a compressive strength model in terms of constituent materials for 14 days curing age of hollow sandcrete blocks. The test result obtained from the sieve analysis of sand from the various block producers revealed that the sand used by the block producers do not comply with the specified standard of grading of aggregates, the mix proportion and dimension of the sandcrete blocks used by the selected block producers does not comply with the required ratio and dimension, the average compressive strength of the blocks ranged from 0.24 N/mm2 to 0.35 N/mm2. The model generated for 14 days compressive strength gave coefficient of regression (R2) of 0.901 for the hollow sandcrete block, showing good correlation.
Modelling Moisture Ratio of Dehydrating Yam Slices Using the Levenberg-Marquardt Back-propagation Artificial Neural Network Technique
Authors: Akinola Akinjide A. , Okanlawon Gabriel A.
Published: December 2022

This study predicts the moisture ratio history data of dehydrating yam slices from partial data using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) techniques. The moisture ratio history data at 65 oC, 75 oC, 85 oC, and 95 oC were recorded for the dehydration of 1.5 mm, 3.0 mm, and 4.5 mm thick yam slices in a Refractance Window Dryer. The Artificial Neural Network within MATLAB software (v. 8.5), using the Levenberg-Marquardt back-propagation algorithm, was trained with some of the data. After training, the Neural Network software predicted the moisture ratio of the primary variables not used in training. The predicted and experimental values were compared. The results showed that, the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model using the Levenberg-Marquardt back-propagation training algorithm could accurately predict the experimental results not used in training., the predicted and observed data values fitted each other with correlation coefficient (R2) values of 0.97, 0.99 and 0.99, respectively, for the three-process condition considered. The high R2 establishes a strong correlation between the experimental and predicted values. This work is essential as it establishes that Artificial Neural Network (ANN) techniques, using the Levenberg-Marquardt back-propagation training algorithm, can predict food samples moisture ratios of in a drying process when data is incomplete.
Development of Guided Inquiry Lesson Based on Ethnoscience E-Modules to Improve Studentsâ€™ Problem-solving Ability in Chemistry Class
Authors: Syahmani Syahmani , Rahmatilah Jahidah , Winarti Atiek , Kusasi Muhammad , Iriani Rilia , Prasetyo Yogo Dwi
Published: December 2022

The limitations of teaching materials in the implementation of distance learning coupled with studentsâ€™ low problem-solving ability led to the need to develop teaching materials in the form of guided inquiry to improve studentsâ€™ ability to solve problems. This development research aims to determine the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of the Guided Inquiry Lesson Based on Ethnoscience (GILBE) e-module. This development research employs the Research and Development (RD) approach with a 4D development model, meaning define, design, develop, and disseminate. GILBE e-module on colloid material was piloted on 16 students SMA at Central Kalimantan in the limited trial and 30 students SMA at South Kalimantan in the broad trial. The validity test was measured using a validation sheet. The practicality test was measured using a readability questionnaire, student and teacher responses, and the effectiveness test was measured using a problem-solving ability test instrument in the form of ten essay questions. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was used to analyze the data. The findings revealed that the designed e-module matched valid, practical, and effective. The effectiveness is based on the p-value 0.05 in the limited and broad trial of the N-gain of studentsâ€™ problem-solving abilities in the high category and can be used in the chemistry learning process. Further research will develop teaching materials for higher-order thinking that apply the GILBE model, which is of higher quality.
SANDUR: Sandal Daur Ulang yang Ramah Lingkungan untuk Memperkaya Variasi Produksi Home Industri Sandal di Dukuh Gambiran
Authors: Sholachudin Muhamad Soleh , Fadly Wirawan , Saputro Budiyono
Published: December 2022

Assistance that focuses on strengthening assets owned by the Home Slipper Industry UMKM in Gambiran Hamlet through the use of plastik waste and used cardboard because there is a lot of plastik waste in the village and it makes the environment dirty. This mentoring process is in the form of training for sandal MSME owners by recycling used plastik and cardboard waste so that they become goods or crafts that have a selling value. This is so that business owners can still produce sandals, which is a solution during a pandemic to reduce production costs. This assistance uses an asset or strength approach which is commonly referred to as the ABCD method. This method uses the utilization of the assets or potentials of the community. This asset-based approach is very suitable to be applied from existing problems, so that the use of plastik waste for sandals is a solution amidst the difficulties of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Dil ve Konuşma Terapistlerinin Yatak Başı Yutma Değerlendirmesine Yönelik Bilgilerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: KOÇAK Ayşe Nur , BENGİSU Serkan , ALTUN Melis Buse
Published: December 2022

Amaç: Yatak başı yutma değerlendirmesi (YBYD) yutma terapisinin doğru gerçekleştirilebilmesi için önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada dil ve konuşma terapistlerinin (DKT) YBYD’ne yönelik uygulamaları ve bilgilerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Örneklem ve Yöntem: Genel tarama modeli ile yürütülen bu çalışmada, araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen “Dil ve Konuşma Terapistlerinin Yatak Başı Yutma Değerlendirilmesine Yönelik Bilgi Düzeyini Belirleme Anketi” kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya 86 DKT katılmıştır. Anket üç bölümden oluşmaktadır. İlk bölüm DKT’lerin demografik bilgilerini, ikinci bölüm aktif olarak yutma terapisi gerçekleştiren terapistlerin YBYD uygulamalarını ve son bölümde ise 10 soruluk bilgi anketi içermektedir. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan DKT’lerin %90.7’si (n=78) eğitim süreçlerinde YBYD’ye yönelik eğitim aldığı belirtmekte ancak %61.6’sı (n=53) bu eğitimin yetersiz olduğunu düşünmektedirler. Katılımcıların sadece %12.8’nin (n=11) yutma terapisi yaptığı görülmüştür. Yutma terapisi yapan terapistlerin YBYD uygulamalarında farklılıklar olduğu kadar benzerlikler olduğu da görülmüştür. Genel gözlem, oral-motor muayene ve bilişsel farkındalık değerlendirmesi tüm terapistler tarafından YBYD sırasında uygulanmaktadır. Bilgi anketini içeren bölümde, besin alımı kararı bilgisini içeren 5. soruya (%16.3 n=14) ve YBYD’ni uygulayan meslek grubu bilgisini içeren 8.soruya (%48.8 n=42) doğru yanıtların az olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç: Ülkemizde yutma terapisi ile ilgilenen DKT sayısının az olması bu araştırmanın bulgularını etkilediği düşünülmektedir. İkinci bölümü dolduran terapistlerin YBYD uygulamalarının, alanyazın ile uyumluluk gösterdiği ve gelen hastaya göre uygulamalarını modifiye edebildikleri görülmüştür. Yutma terapisi gerçekleştiren DKT sayısının az olmasına karşın katılımcıların üçüncü bölüme verdikleri yanıtların çoğunlukla doğru olduğu görülmüştür. Terapistlerin yetersiz hissetmelerindeki sebebin aktif uygulama yapmamaktan kaynaklanabileceği düşünülmektedir. Araştırma kapsamında elde edilen tüm bulgular alanyazın ile tartışılmış olup lisans, yüksek lisans ve doktora eğitim süreçlerinde YBYD ile ilgilenen uzmanlara yol göstereceği düşünülmektedir.
Kanser Hastalarında Tanrı Algısının Psikolojik Sağlığa ve Baş Etme Tarzına Etkisine İlişkin Bir Araştırma
Authors: ELDEMİR Funda
Published: December 2022

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı, kanser hastalarına Tanrı Algısı Ölçeği, Kısa Semptom Envanteri uygulayarak ve derinlemesine mülakat yaparak Tanrı Algısı Ölçeği alt boyutlarının Kısa Semptom Envanteri alt boyutlarına ve baş etme stratejilerine etkisini araştırmaktır. Örneklem ve Yöntem: Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Ankara Eğitim ve Onkoloji Hastanesi ve Ankara Şehir Hastanesi Onkoloji Kulesi’ne tedavi için başvuran 18/80 yaş arası kanser hastalarından araştırmaya katılmaya gönüllü olan 40 kişi (18 erkek 22 kadın) araştırmaya alınmıştır. Araştırmaya katılanlara Gönüllü Onam Formu okutularak ya da okunarak onayları alınmış ve Kişisel Bilgi Formu doldurulmuştur. Araştırmada nicel veri toplama aracı olarak Kısa Semptom Envanteri, Tanrı Algısı Ölçeği ile nitel veri toplama aracı olarak hastalarla derinlemesine mülakat yapılmış ve Açıklayıcı Sıralı Karma Yöntem kullanılmıştır. Nicel ölçümlerle elde edilen veriler nitel analizlerle desteklenerek sonuç elde edilmiştir. Bulgular: Yapılan analizler sonucunda, Sevgi Yönelimli Tanrı Algısı Ölçek puanları Korku Yönelimli Tanrı Algısı Ölçek puanlarından yüksek olan hastaların Depresyon, Anksiyete, Olumsuz benlik, Hostilite puanları daha düşüktür. Bu hastalarda olumlu dini baş etme biçimi (olumlu düşünce, niyet, şükür, sabır, sevgi, özveri, mutluluk, affetme, anlama, anlamlandırma, tek başınalık) görülmektedir. Sevgi Yönelimli Tanrı Algısı Ölçek puanları Korku Yönelimli Tanrı Algısı Ölçek puanlarından düşük olan hastaların Depresyon, Anksiyete, Olumsuz benlik, Hostilite puanları daha yüksektir. Bu hastalar olumsuz dini baş etme biçimi (olumsuz düşünce, mukayeseli şükür, tahammül, değersizlik, adanmışlık, haklılık, öfke, yargılama, imtihan, yalnızlık, kaybetme korkusu, güvensiz bağlanma) görülmektedir. Sonuç: Kanser hastalarının Tanrı algısı düzeyleri ile psikolojik sağlığı arasında bir korelasyon vardır. Bu korelasyonun hastaların baş etme biçimlerini farklılaştırdığı görülmüştür. Sevgi Yönelimli Tanrı Algısı düzeyi ile psikolojik sağlığı arasında pozitif korelasyon olan hastalar olumlu dini baş etme biçimi kullanmaktadırlar. Korku Yönelimli Tanrı Algısı düzeyi ile psikolojik sağlık arasında negatif korelasyon olan hastalar olumsuz dini baş etme biçimi kullanmaktadırlar.
Hastane Afet ve Acil Durum Planı (HAP): 2015 ve 2021 Hazırlama Kılavuzu Karşılaştırmalı Analizi
Authors: ÇİÇEKDAĞI Halil İbrahim , BOZKURT Önder
Published: December 2022

Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı, 2015 ve 2021 yıllarında yayınlanan “Hastane Afet ve Acil Durum Planı (HAP) Hazırlama Kılavuzlarının” karşılaştırmalı bir şekilde değerlendirmesini yaparak söz konusu kılavuzlarda vurgulanan ana temaları ortaya çıkarmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu doğrultuda çalışma kapsamında ele alınan Kılavuzlar, afet ve acil durum yönetimi konusunda çalışma yapan uzmanlarca belirlenen anahtar kelimeler ile kodlanarak sayısal veriye dönüştürülmüştür. Bu çalışmada, 2015 yılında hazırlanan Hastane Afet ve Acil Durum Planı (HAP) Hazırlama Kılavuzu ile altı yıl sonrasında 2021 yılında güncellemesi yapılarak yayımlanan aynı adı taşıyan kılavuz titiz bir şekilde incelenmiş ve karşılaştırmalı bir analize tabi tutulmuştur. Araştırma kapsamında yapılacak analizlerde MAXQDA 2020 isimli veri analizi programı kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Yapılan Araştırma kapsamında iki farklı HAP Kılavuzu üzerinden toplamda 16 farklı kodun adı belirlenmiş ve analiz yapılmıştır. Yapılan toplam 1543 kodlamanın 577’si 2015 yılı Kılavuzuna ait olup 966 kodlama ise 2021 yılında yayınlanan Kılavuzda yer almaktadır. Yapılan kodlamaların da gösterdiği üzere, 2021 HAP kılavuzunun çok daha geniş kapsamlı olduğu görülmektedir. Sonuç: Çalışmanın amacı kapsamında, 2015 ve 2021 yıllarında yayınlanan “Hastane Afet ve Acil Durum Planı (HAP) Hazırlama Kılavuzlarının” karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirmesi yapılarak söz konusu kılavuzlarda vurgulanan ana temalar ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda belirlenen temalar çalışmanın amacına ulaşılmış olduğunun bir göstergesidir. Bu planlar sıklıkla bilimsel değerlendirmelere tabi tutulmalıdır. Özellikle sağlık alanında çalışan yöneticiler, sağlık çalışanları ve toplum düzeyinde sağlık planlarının değerlendirilerek hazırlanması afet sonrası tüm yararlanıcılara pozitif yönlü bir katkı sağlayabilecek ve daha çok hayat kurtarılmasına ve hayatta kalanların daha çabuk rehabilite olabilmelerine katkı sağlayacaktır.
Gynaecologic Robot-Assisted Cancer and Endoscopic Surgery (GRACES) in a Tertiary Referral Centre
Authors: Ng Joseph SY , Fong Yoke Fai , Tong Pearl SY , Yong Eu Leong , Low Jeffrey JH
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Robotic-assisted gynaecologic surgery is gaining popularity and it offers the advantages of laparoscopic surgery whilst overcoming the limitations of operative dexterity. We describe our experience with the first 40 cases operated under the GRACES (Gynaecologic Robot-Assisted Cancer and Endoscopic Surgery) programme at the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, National University Hospital, Singapore. Materials and Methods: A review was performed for the first 40 women who had undergone robotic surgery, analysing patient characteristics, surgical timings and surgery-related complications. All cases were performed utilising the da Vinci® surgical system (Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, CA) with 3 arms and 4 ports. Standardised instrumentation and similar cuff closure techniques were used. Results: Seventeen (56%) were for endometrial cancer and the rest, for benign gynaecological disease. The mean age of the patients was 52.3 years. The average docking time was 11 minutes (SD 0.08). The docking and operative times were analysed in tertiles. Data for patients with endometrial cancer and benign cases were analysed separately. There were 3 cases of complications- cuff dehiscence, bleeding from vaginal cuff and tumour recurrence at vaginal vault. Conclusion: Our caseload has enabled us to replicate the learning curve reported by other centres. We advocate the use of a standard instrument set for the first 20 cases. We propose the following sequence for successful introduction of robot-assisted gynaecologic surgery – basic systems training, followed shortly with a clinical case, and progressive development of clinical competence through a proctoring programme.

Key words: Clinical outcomes, Cost effectiveness, Gynaecology, Learning curve, Robotics
Wash-out of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Quantitative Region of Interest Analysis on CT
Authors: Tan Cher Heng , Thng Choon Hua , Low Albert SC , Tan Veronique KM , Hartono Septian , Koh Tong San , Goh Brian KP , Cheow Peng Chung , Tan Yu Meng , Chung Alexander YF , Ooi London L , Earnest Arul , Chow Pierce KH
Published: December 2022

Introduction: This study aims to determine if the quantitative method of region-of-interest (ROI) analysis of lesion attenuation on CT may be a useful adjunct to the conventional approach of diagnosis by visual assessment in assessing tracer wash-out in hepatocellular carcinomas. Materials and Methods: From a surgical database of 289 patients from 2 institutions, all patients with complete surgical, pathological and preoperative multiphasic CT scans available for review were selected. For each phase of scanning, HU readings of lesion obtained (Lesionarterial, LesionPV and Lesionequilibrium) were analysed using receiver operating curves (ROC) to determine the optimal method and cut-off value for quantitative assessment of tumour wash-out (Lesionarterial – equilibrium, LesionPV – equilibrium or Lesionpeak – equilibrium). Results: Ninety-four patients with one lesion each met the inclusion criteria. The area under the curve (AUC) values for Lesionarterial – equilibrium (0.941) was higher than the AUC for Lesionpv – equilibrium (0.484) and for Lesionpeak – equilibrium (0.667). Based on ROC analysis, a cut-off of 10HU value for Lesionarterial – equilibrium would yield sensitivity and specificity of 91.5% and 80.9%, respectively. ROI analysis detected 9/21 (42.9%) of lesions missed by visual analysis. Combined ROI and visual analysis yields a sensitivity of 82/94 (87.2%) compared to 73/94 (77.7%) for visual analysis alone. Conclusion: Using a cut-off of 10 HU attenuation difference between the arterial and equilibrium phases is a simple and objective method that can be included as an adjunct to visual assessment to improve sensitivity for determining lesion wash-out on CT.

Key words: Arterial hypervascularity, Region-of-interest analysis, Wash-out
Blood cholinesterase activities and oxidative stress status among farmworkers using pesticides in Duhok, KRG, Iraq
Authors: Odisho Simona Khamo , Mohammad Fouad K.
Published: December 2022

Background: The use of pesticides by farmworkers poses considerable health risks. This study was undertaken to examine plasma and erythrocyte cholinesterase activities, plasma oxidative biomarkers malondialdehyde (MDA), and total antioxidant status (TAS) among farmworkers using different pesticide products in Duhok, northern of Iraq.
Methods: This is a case-control study conducted between November 2021 to July 2022 on 92 male farmworkers who were exposed to pesticides in comparison with 44 non-exposed male subjects (control). The availability and uses of pesticides were obtained from 19 agrochemical shops and the farmworkers exposed to pesticides. Demographic data of pesticide-exposed farmworkers and their practice of pesticide applications were recorded. Plasma and erythrocyte cholinesterase activities and plasma MDA and TAS levels were determined in both groups.
Results: The farmworkers had a significant 10.0% increase in plasma MDA level, with no significant changes in blood cholinesterase activities or the TAS level. Odds and risk ratios of reduced plasma cholinesterase activity (20.0%) suggested an association of health risks in pesticide-exposed farmworkers. Most of the pesticide products (278) in use were insecticides (47.0%), which comprised mainly 26.0% pyrethroids and 3.0-7.0% anticholinesterase insecticides, among others. The majority of the farmworkers (51%) were merely aware of the general target use of the pesticide, and 75% had an exposure history of > 5 years. Pesticide application was mostly (50.0%) manual, and 54.0% used insufficient personal protection equipment; 32.0% ate and drank at work, 48.0% practiced disposal of empty pesticide containers by burning and/or burying them, whereas 25.0% dumped the containers indiscriminately, and 25% disposed them at garbage sites openly.
Conclusion: The farmworkers, with only a marginal increase in oxidative stress biomarker MDA, did not suffer from significant reductions in blood cholinesterase activities, although odds and risk ratios of reduced plasma cholinesterase activity suggested a health risk. Implementation of a national program is needed to measure pre-exposure blood cholinesterase activities in farmworkers.
The Effect of Google Classroom Media on Student Learning Outcomes in Lathe Machinery Engineering Class XI SMKN 5 Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering Education, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Medan, Panjaitan Keysar ,   Medan, Indonesia., Sihotang Sebastian ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering Education, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Medan; Medan, Indonesia.
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study was to find out whether there is an influence between online learning using Google Classroom media on student learning outcomes in Class XI Lathe Machinery Engineering at SMKN 5 Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia. This research used quantitative methods. The population in this study were students of class XI SMKN 5 Medan with a descriptive statistical approach. Questionnaires and tests are used to collect data. Furthermore, simple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the data. Based on the research findings, it is known that the sig. of 0.009, which is less than the alpha value of 0.05, means that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. As a result, online learning using Google Classroom has a significant influence on student learning outcomes Lathe Engineering at SMK Negeri 5 Medan by 10.3%. The percentage of 10.3% is derived from the R Square value, which is 0.103 or the equivalent of 10.3%, while the remaining 89.7% is influenced by other factors.
Determining the Optimal Capital Structure of PT Bumi Resource Tbk
Authors:   School of Business and Management Institut Teknologi Bandung (SBM ITB) MBA ITB Bandung Campus Bandung, West Java 40132, Indonesia, Dzaki Muhammad Ariefrahman , Sudrajad Oktofa Yudha ,   School of Business and Management Institut Teknologi Bandung (SBM ITB) MBA ITB Bandung Campus Bandung, West Java 40132, Indonesia
Published: December 2022

Demand for coal increased because of the energy crises that occurred in Europe and China. Due to this growth in demand, coal prices have gone up globally as well. This can be an opportunity for coal companies in Indonesia as one of the countries with the largest coal reserves in the world. PT Bumi Resource Tbk, one of the businesses with Indonesia’s largest coal deposits. Additionally, most of the coal supplied by PT Bumi Resource Tbk is consumed domestically, and most of it for China. So, it is necessary to increase production to meet these demands. One way to increase production is by optimizing the company’s capital structure. The proportion of debt and equity which is capital structure will be the focus of the company in the future. PT Bumi Resource Tbk was repeatedly unable to repay its loans. Based on calculations through the Damodaran theory, the optimal capital structure for companies in 2021 with 30 percent debt ratio. This would maximize the company’s value of $1,709,478,366 with a weight average cost of capital of 7.86 percent. Future projections are made using three scenarios: the best scenario, the base scenario, and the worst scenario. The best scenario is the best of these three scenarios with delivers the highest firm value, $ 4,605,803,420 with the lowest weight average of capital costs, 9,06 percent. The proportion of the debt ratio needed to maximize the value of the company in its best condition is 10 percent. The results of calculating the optimal capital structure today or in the future show that companies need to reduce the debt ratio if they want to maximize their firm value. In addition, the company is also facing threat of bankruptcy because the Alman Z-score is -0.13. There are several ways based on the Damodaran framework to reduce debt ratio. First, a company can do a debt for equity swap by converting its debt into equity or by doing a private placement. Second, companies can negotiate with lenders regarding the maturity of their debts or decrease of interest by making an agreement. Third, companies can sell their assets to pay off their debts.
Modelling Accessibility to Primary Healthcare Facilities in Argungu LGA: Using Multiscale Geographically Weighted Regression (MSGWR) Approach
Authors:   Geography Department, Adamu Augie College of Education, Argungu, Kebbi State, Gulma Usman Lawal , Ibrahim Saad ,   Geography Department, Adamu Augie College of Education, Argungu, Kebbi State, Bala Garba ,   Geography Department, Adamu Augie College of Education, Argungu, Kebbi State
Published: December 2022

This study uses socioeconomic and demographic data to demonstrate the value of a novel multidimensional approach to healthcare accessibility. The optimum location for healthcare facilities in relation to demand areas was determined using location-allocation models and local multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) to explore spatially non-stationary relationships. The result shows that the potential accessibility of a community to primary healthcare depends on the geographic and socioeconomic characteristics of various places. The results of this study may be used to inform policy planning and decision-making for increasing accessibility to healthcare services, particularly in rural areas for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).