bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nieśmiertelność wyobrażona w artefaktach synkretycznej epoki konstantyńskiej na podstawie powieści Zlatno doba Silvany Hadži-Đokić
Authors: Chaszczewicz-Rydel Marta
Published: March 2020

Imagined immortality in the artifacts of the syncretic Constantinian era based on the novel Zlatno doba by Silvana Hadži-ĐokićAn example of a Serbian contemporary novel dedicated to the topic of death is Zlatno doba by Silvana Hadži-Đokić. Although the book can be considered solely as based on Christian metaphysics and faith in wonders, it also contains critically oriented observations, which are rooted in a deep knowledge and understanding of history, philosophy and art of late antiquity and early Christianity. As a result, not all of its claims and interpretations are in line with the Church’s religious beliefs. The writer presents a complex picture of Emperor Constantine and his mother, Empress Helena, the protagonist, whose figure, through the concept of mortal life, connects temporarily distant romanesque plans and ambiences. The story consists of historical passages, written from different points of view, taking into account contradictory facts and assumptions concerning the controversial life of Constantine, as well as his intellectual and material heritage.  Besmrtnost zamišljena u artefaktima sinkretske Konstantinove ere na osnovi romana Zlatno doba Silvane Hadži-ĐokićJedan od primera srpskog savremenog romana posvećenog temi smrti jeste Zlatno doba Silvane Hadži-Đokić. Mada možemo knjigu Hadži Đokić smatrati pre svega prozom čija je okosnica hrišćanska metafizika i vera u čudesa, u njenim mozaičnim tokovima nalaze se i kritički usmerena zapažanja, koja imaju izvore u poznavanju istorije, filozofije i umetnosti kasne antike i ranog hrišćanstva. Dakle, nisu sve tvrdnje i interpretacije u skladu sa crkvenom veronaukom. Spisateljica predstavlja složenu sliku cara Konstantina i njegove majke, carice Jelene, protagonistkinje, čiji lik, putem koncepcije posmrtnog žitija, povezuje vremenski udaljene romaneskne planove i ambijente. Fabularno tkivo čine istorijski odlomci, pisani sa različitih tačaka gledišta, uzimajući u obrzir mnoštvo suprostavljenih činjenica te pretpostavki vezanih za kontroverzan život Konstantina, a takođe njegovo intelektualno i materijalno nasleđe.
Микола Хвильовий: вибух мовчання в Театрі Смерті
Authors: Chomenko Halyna
Published: March 2020

Mykola Khvylovy: The silence explosion in the Death TheatreThe article deals with the Death Theatre in Mykola Khvylovy’s works. The author of the article claims that Death Theatre is the attribute of intermittency, the transition era between the dying/passing and the one who has not been born yet. It shows its atopic/marginal status employing destroying silence, the traditional death attribute. As the analog of the “explosion chaos”, it implies the destruction of clear forms up „to the point”/ „to the bottom” and their infinite deconstructive formation either according to the law of anagramming, or the law of reduction and ellipsis, interval and three dots as well. The gap and emptiness in the text are subject to the effect of the theatre wings deformation, the irresistible mirror/illusory of man existing in reality. This is accompanied by his balancing between the doomed melancholic and euphoria of the one after touching the secrets of creating the new and the paradox of silent, triumphant assertion in its destruction. Liluli 1923, Mykola Khvylovy’s novella, a unique master of life and text, has become the basis for such judgments.  Микола Хвылевый: взрыв молчания в Театре СмертиТеатр Смерти — атрибут междувременья, переходной эпохи, ставшей соприкосновением умирающего/отходившего и еще не родившегося, демонстрирует свой атопичный/маргинальный статус путем разрушения традиционного атрибута смерти — молчания. Аналог „хаоса взрыва”, оно предполагает деструкцию четких форм „до точки”/„до основания” и их бесконечное деконструктивное становление по закону не только анаграммирования, но и редукции и эллипсиса, интервала и многоточия. Зияние и пустота в тексте подчинены эффекту деформации кулис в театре, непреодолимой зеркальности/иллюзорности существования человека в реальности, сопровождающееся его балансированием между обреченностью меланхолика и эйфорией прикоснувшегося к тайнам создания нового и к парадоксу триумфального утверждения молчания в его разрушении. Основания для таких суждений дала новелла „Лилюли” 1923 уникального мастера жизни и текста Миколы Хвылевого.
Obraz Ukraińców w powieści "Brisbane" Jewgienija Wodołazkina
Authors: Nogawica Izabela
Published: March 2020

The image of Ukrainians in the novel Brisbane by Eugene VodolazkinThe aim of the article is to analyze the novel Brisbane by Eugene Vodolazkin in terms of using national stereotypes in the description of two nationalities — the Ukrainians and the Poles. The author is particularly interested in how Vodolazkin perceives the manifestation of their identity. What determines the value of this novel from the point of view of stereotypes is the historical background — the times of communism, perestroika, the difficult 1990s, up to the present day. Thanks to this, the time in which the novel’s plot takes place allows us to capture the historical events that have affected the failure of Soviet identity and the consolidation of contemporary Ukrainian national identity. The analysis shows that Vodolazkin based his character’s characteristics on national stereotypes known for many years.Образ украинцев в романе Брисбен Евгения ВодолазкинаЦелью статьи является анализ романа Брисбен Евгения Водолазкина с точки зрения использования национальных стереотипов в описании украинцев. Автор особенно заинтресован в том, как Водолазкин воспринимает их проявление своей идентичности и индивидуальности. Во многом ценность этого романа с точки зрения стереотипов определяет исторический фон — времена коммунизма, перестройки, „трудных” девяностых, вплоть до наших дней. Благодаря этому время, в которое происходит действие романа, отражает исторические события, повлиявшие на поражение советской идентичности и укрепление современной украинской национальной идентичности. Анализ показывает, что характеристики своих персонажей Водолазкин основывал на национальных стереотипах, известных на протяжении многих лет.
Intrinsic compound kernel estimates for the transition probability density of Lévy-type processes and their applications
Authors: Knopova Victoria , Kulik Aleksei
Published: March 2020

INTRINSIC COMPOUND KERNEL ESTIMATES FOR THE TRANSITION PROBABILITY DENSITY OF LÉVY-TYPE PROCESSES AND THEIR APPLICATIONSStarting with an integro-differential operator L, C2∞ ℜn, we prove that its C∞ℜn-closure is the generator of a Feller process X, which admits a transition probability density. To construct this transition probability density, we develop a version of the parametrix method and a verification procedure, which proves that the constructed object is the claimed one. As a part of the construction, we prove the intrinsic upper and lower estimates on the density. As an application of the constructed estimates we state the necessary and separately sufficient conditions under which a given Borel measure belongs to the Kato and Dynkin classes with respect to the constructed transition probability density.
Weak convergence of a numerical scheme for stochastic differential equations
Authors: Aguilera Esteban , Fierro Raúl
Published: March 2020

WEAK CONVERGENCE OF A NUMERICAL SCHEME FOR STOCHASTIC DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONSIn this paper a numerical scheme approximating the solution to a stochastic differential equation is presented. On bounded subsets of time, this scheme has a finite state space, which allows us to decrease the round-off error when the algorithm is implemented. At the same time, the scheme introduced turns out locally consistent for any step size of time. Weak convergence of the scheme to the solution of the stochastic differential equation is shown.
The SI and SIR epidemics on general networks
Authors: Aldous David
Published: March 2020

THE SI AND SIR EPIDEMICS ON GENERAL NETWORKSIntuitively one expects that for any plausible parametric epide mic model, there wil l be some region in parameter-space where the epidemicaffects with high probability only a small proportion of a largepopulation, another region where it affects with high probability a nonnegligible proportion, with a lower-dimensional “critical” interface. This dichotomy is certainly true in well-studied specific models, but we know o fno very general results. A recent result stated for a bond percolation modelcan be restated as giving weak conditions under which the dichotomy holdsfor an SI epidemic model on arbitrary finite networks. This result suggestsa conjecture for more complex and more realistic SIR epidemic models, and the purpose of this article is to record the conjecture.
A reverse to the Jeffreys–Lindley paradox
Authors: Pestman Wiebe R. , Tuerlinckx Francis , Vanpaemel Wolf
Published: March 2020

In this paper the seminal Jeffreys–Lindley paradox is regarded from a mathematical point of view. We show that in certain scenarios the paradox may emerge in a reverse direction.
Fractional negative binomial and Pólya processes
Authors: Samy Palaniappan Vellai , Maheshwari Aditya
Published: March 2020

In this paper, we define a fractional negative binomial process FNBP by replacing the Poisson process by a fractional Poisson process FPP in the gamma subordinated form of the negative binomial process. It is shown that the one-dimensional distributions of the FPP and the FNBP are not infinitely divisible. Also, the space fractional Pólya process SFPP is defined by replacing the rate parameter λ by a gamma random variable in the definition of the space fractional Poisson process. The properties of the FNBP and the SFPP and the connections to PDEs governing the density of the FNBP and the SFPP are also investigated.
Series representation of time-stable stochastic processes
Authors: Kiriya Ilya , Kopp Christoph
Published: March 2020

A stochastically continuous process ξt, t≥­0, is said to be time-stable if the sum of n i.i.d. copies of ξ equals in distribution the time-scaled stochastic process ξnt, t≥0. The paper advances the understanding of time-stable processes by means of their LePage series representations as the sum of i.i.d. processes with the arguments scaled by the sequence of successive points of the unit intensity Poisson process on [0;∞. These series yield numerous examples of stochastic processes that share one-dimensional distributions with a Lévy process.
Prediction intervals and regions for multivariate time series models with sieve bootstrap
Authors: Kawecki Maciej , Różański Roman , Chłapiński Grzegorz , Hławka Marcin , Jamróz Krzysztof , Zagdański Adam
Published: March 2020

In the paper, the construction of unconditional bootstrap prediction intervals and regions for some class of second order stationary multivariate linear time series models is considered. Our approach uses the sieve bootstrap procedure introduced by Kreiss 1992 and Bühlmann 1997. Basic theoretical results concerning consistency of the bootstrap replications and the bootstrap prediction regions are proved. We present a simulation study comparing the proposed bootstrap methods with the Box–Jenkins approach.
bm-Central Limit Theorems associated with non-symmetric positive cones
Authors: Oussi Lahcen , Wysoczański Janusz
Published: March 2020

Analogues of the classical Central Limit Theorem are proved in the noncommutative setting of random variables which are bmindependent and indexed by elements of positive non-symmetric cones, such as the circular cone, sectors in Euclidean spaces and the Vinberg cone. The geometry of the cones is shown to play a crucial role and the related volume characteristics of the cones is shown.
Reflected BSDEs with general filtration and two completely separated barriers
Authors: Topolewski Mateusz
Published: March 2020

We consider reflected backward stochastic differential equations, with two barriers, defined on probability spaces equipped with filtration satisfying only the usual assumptions of right-continuity and completeness. As for barriers, we assume that there are càdlàg processes of class D that are completely separated. We prove the existence and uniqueness of solutions for an integrable final condition and an integrable monotone generator. An application to the zero-sum Dynkin game is given.
Data driven efficient score tests for Poissonity
Authors: Inglot Tadeusz
Published: March 2020

New data driven score tests for testing goodness of fit of the Poisson distribution are proposed. They are direct applications of the general construction of data driven goodness-of-fit tests for composite hypotheses developed in Inglot et al. 1997. By a simulation study it is shown that these tests perform almost equally well as the best known solutions for standard alternatives and outperform them for more difficult alternatives.
On the exact dimension of Mandelbrot measure
Authors: Attia Najmeddine
Published: March 2020

We develop, in the context of the boundary of a supercritical Galton–Watson tree, a uniform version of the argument used by Kahane 1987 on homogeneous trees to estimate almost surely and simultaneously the Hausdorff and packing dimensions of the Mandelbrot measure over a suitable set J . As an application, we compute, almost surely and simultaneously, the Hausdorff and packing dimensions of the level sets Eα of infinite branches of the boundary of the tree along which the averages of the branching random walk have a given limit point.
On the distribution and q-variation of the solution to the heat equation with fractional Laplacian
Authors: Tudor Ciprian A. , Mahdi Khalil Zeina
Published: March 2020

We study the probability distribution of the solution to the linear stochastic heat equation with fractional Laplacian and white noise in time and white or correlated noise in space. As an application, we deduce the behavior of the q-variations of the solution in time and in space.
Asymptotic behavior for quadratic variations of non-Gaussian multiparameter Hermite random fields
Authors: Diu Tran Thi Thanh
Published: March 2020

Let Zt q,H t∈[0,1]d denote a d-parameter Hermite random field of order q ≥ 1 and self-similarity parameter H = H₁, . . . ,Hd ∈  ½, 1d. This process is H-self-similar, has stationary increments and exhibits long-range dependence. Particular examples include fractional Brownian motion q = 1, d = 1, fractional Brownian sheet q = 1, d ≥ 2, the Rosenblatt process q = 2, d = 1 as well as the Rosenblatt sheet q = 2, d ≥ 2. For any q ≥ 2, d ≥ 1 and H ∈ ½, 1d we show in this paper that a proper renormalization of the quadratic variation of Zq,H converges in L2Ω to a standard d-parameter Rosenblatt random variable with self-similarity index H' = 1 + 2H − 2/q.
Stationarity as a path property
Authors: Shen Yi , Wirjanto Tony S.
Published: March 2020

Traditionally, stationarity refers to shift invariance of the distribution of a stochastic process. In this paper, we rediscover stationarity as a path property instead of a distributional property. More precisely, we characterize a set of paths, denoted by A, which corresponds to the notion of stationarity. On one hand, the set A is shown to be large enough, so that for any stationary process, almost all of its paths are in A. On the other hand, we prove that any path in A will behave in the optimal way under any stationarity test satisfying some mild conditions.
“Though I was alone with the unseen, I comprehended it not”: The Relationship Between the Dead and the Living in Margaret Oliphant’s „A Beleaguered City”
Authors: Dobosiewicz Ilona
Published: March 2020

Margaret Oliphant 1828–1897 is best remembered today as one of the important prac­titioners the domestic fiction, with her “Chronicles of Carlingford” series considered to be her most enduring achievement. Oliphant’s other interesting group of works are ghost stories and other spiritual tales known as the “Stories of the Seen and Unseen”. A Beleaguered City, a novella first published in 1879, is generally considered to be Oliphant’s most successful supernatural tale. Set in Semur, France, and told by five different narrators, the story focuses on the inhabitants of Semur, who are evicted from their town by the spirits of the dead. This paper aims to demonstrate that Oliphant uses the supernatural not only to cope with her own experiences of bereavement, but that she also engages with contemporary themes: she comments on gender roles, reveals the shortcom­ings of society that places its faith in progress and material wealth, and exposes the limitations of the scientific or the mechanistic worldview which cannot provide an adequate explanation of “the true signification of life”.
The Tension between Heroic Masculinity and the Christian Self in the Old English Andreas
Authors: Olesiejko Jacek
Published: March 2020

The article’s aim is to elucidate the religious transformations of the secular notions of identity and masculinity in Andreas. Andreas is a religious poem composed in Anglo-Saxon England around the ninth century. It is an adaptation of the Latin recension of the Acts of the Apostle Andrew, but the poet uses heroic diction borrowed from Old English secular poetry to rework the metaphor of miles Christi that is ubiquitous in Christian literature. The poet uses the military metaphor to inculcate the Christian notion of masculinity as the inversion of the secular perception of manliness. He draws upon a paradox, attested in the early Christian writings, that spiritual masculinity is true manliness, superior to military masculinity, and that it is expressed through patient suffering and the acknowledgment of defeat. The poem inverts the notions of war and victory to depict the physical defeat of the martyr as a spiritual victory over sin and the devil.
Über den Einfluss der Aerostatik auf die Literatur um 1800 oder das naturwissenschaftliche Potential der Münchhausiade
Authors: Wojnarowska Aleksandra
Published: March 2020

Im Aufsatz wird untersucht, wie die Naturforschung am Beispiel der aerostatischen Lehre die literarische Produktion um 1800 beeinflusste. Hierzu erfolgt eine Auswertung von Bürgers Viertes Seeabenteuer, in welchem die Begegnung zwischen dem Baron Münchhausen mit einem französischen Wasserstoffballonfahrer beschrieben wird. Die Analyse legt einen Fokus auf die räumliche und zeitliche Ebene des Textes und zeigt – entgegen anderslautenden literaturwissenschaftlichen Meinungen – auf, dass in Bürgers Fassung durchaus Elemente der Naturforschung auf die erzählerische Ebene übertragen wurden. Insbesondere spiegelt sich die Struktur des naturwissenschaftlichen Experiments im literarischen Text auf mehreren Ebenen wieder.The influence of aerostatics on literature or the scientific potential of the “Münchhausiade”The aim of this essay is to show how natural sciences in particular aerostatics influenced literary production at the turn of the 18th century. The fourth sea-adventure of Münchhausen by Bürger serves to illustrate this intersection between science and literature. By analyzing the narrative structure for instance, with regard to time and place of the setting of this literary piece, I will demonstrate that the structure of the scientific experiment – especially the enlargement and reduction of objects – appears in Münchausen’s fourth sea-adventure on several levels. As I will argue, the narrative can therefore be understood as a thought-experiment.
Wortarten in der Generativen Grammatik
Authors: Turysheva Oksana
Published: March 2020

Die Frage nach der qualitativen und daraus folgenden quantitativen Charakteristik der Wortarten ist eine uralte Frage, die Jahrtausende lang behandelt wird. Mit der Zeit werden neue Methoden der Wortarteneinteilung vorgeschlagen. Der vorliegende Beitrag setzt sich zum Ziel, den Status der Wortarten in der generativen Grammatik zu bestimmen, den Inhalt und die Bedeutung der Merkmale [+/–N/V] klarzustellen. In der Untersuchung wird gezeigt, ob die syntaktischen Interpretationen der Merkmalsbündelkombinationen einheitlich und für alle Sprachen relevant sind.Parts of speech in generative grammar The problem of the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the parts of speech is an age-old question. Within the course of time new methods of classifications of parts of speech have been proposed. The present article aims to determine the status of parts of speech in generative grammar and to clarify the content and the significance of the features [+/–N / V]. The paper tries to show whether the syntactic interpretations of the feature bundles are uniform and pertinent to all languages.
Der Einfluss des fremden Akzents in der interkulturellen Kommunikation
Authors: Grzeszczakowska-Pawlikowska Beata
Published: March 2020

Der Gegenstand der interkulturellen Kommunikation, die in verschiedenen institutionalisierten Kommunikationssituationen aktuell einen Normalfall darstellt, bezieht sich nicht nur auf die rein sprachlichen Aspekte. In der multimodal aufgefassten Mündlichkeit sind auch weitere, sprecherische und nonverbale, Kommunikationsanteile von Interesse. Der vorliegende Beitrag, in dessen Fokus der fremde Akzent steht, hat im Allgemeinen zum Ziel, auf Grund ausgewählter Ergebnisse einer audiovisuellen Analyse den Einfluss dieses Phänomens in der interkulturellen Lehr-Lern-Kommunikation in dem institutionalisierten studentischen Seminarreferat näher zu beleuchten erläutern. In den Mittelpunkt der Diskussion rücken dementsprechend angenommene Korrelationen zwischen dem fremden Akzent und der allgemeinen Wirkung der Sprecherperson auf den Hörer. The influence of the foreign accenton the intercultural communicationIntercultural communication, which currently constitutes the norm in many institutionalized communicative situations, does not refer purely to speech. According to a multimodal understanding of orality, other speech-related and nonverbal aspects of communication are also of interest. This contribution focuses on the significance of accent in foreign language learning, exploring the influence of this phenomenon on teaching, learning and communication — specifically in the context of the student oral seminar presentation. Discussing selected results of an analysis of audio-visual materials, it centres on the assumed correlations between accent in a foreign language and the general impression made by the speaking person upon the recipient.
Goethes Begriff der „Weltliteratur“ und „Faust“ als Comic: Interkulturelle Zugänge zu Goethe zu Beginn des 21. Jahrhunderts?
Authors: Maurach Martin
Published: March 2020

Ausgehend von Goethes wichtigsten Äußerungen zum Begriff „Weltliteratur“ diskutiert der Aufsatz mögliche heutige Zugänge zu Goethe und seiner Zeit, insbesondere am Beispiel des Comics von Flix nach dem ersten Teil des „Faust“. Unterschieden werden am Konzept „Weltliteratur“ die Aspekte einer mediengeschichtlichen Beschleunigung Zeitschriften, der Bearbeitung inner- und interkultureller Differenzen und der Vorstellung einer Auswahl des Besten. Nicht nur aus der Perspektive einer heutigen ‚Netzliteratur‘ fällt das Urteil skeptisch aus: Flixens „Comic“ kann nur bedingt der Toleranz zwischen den Religionen dienen, und Goethes nicht zufällig aphoristisch entwickelter Begriff der „Weltliteratur“ erscheint eher als eine an den frühen Liberalismus gebundene, schon damals konservative Utopie.“Goethezeit”, “Weltliteratur” — concept of Goethe and „Faust” as a comic strip. Are there “multicultural” approaches to Goetheat the beginning of the 21st century?Taking Goethe’s concept of “Weltliteratur” ‘world literature’ as a starting point, this essay looks for today’s possible multi-cultural approaches to Goethe and his era, with special emphasis on the comic strip version of the first part of his Faust written by Flix. Taking a closer look at “Weltlitera-tur”, the aspects of an acceleration in media development the emergence of periodicals, of the reflection on internal and external differences between cultures and the notion of a selection of the most excellent works are discussed. The result is somewhat sceptical, which does not only draw on today’s “web literature”: A comic strip demonstrates only a limited capacity of multi-cultural translation, and the concept of “Weltliteratur” — which Goethe did not accidentally develop in aphoristical fragments — appears as a conservative utopia closely tied to the early liberalist period.
Unterschiedliche kognitive Verarbeitungseffekte bei unterschiedlichen Textsorten
Authors: Giessen Hans W.
Published: March 2020

Ziel der Studie ist, Indikatoren dafür zu finden, dass unterschiedliche Textsorten kognitiv unterschied­lich verarbeitet werden. Zu diesem Zweck wurde Probanden ein Gedicht in jeweils einzelnen Verszei­len vorgegeben – einmal mit der Vorgabe, dass nun ein Gedicht zu lesen sei; die zweite Gruppe erhielt die Information, es handele sich um einen Prosatext. Die Verarbeitungsdauer war offensichtlich von dieser Vorinformation determiniert.Different cognitive processing effects with different textsThe study aims to research the cognitive processing of text types. Test persons were given poem verse lines – with the prescription that a poem was to be read, or a prose text, respectively. The processing time was determined by this preliminary information. Obviously this is an indicator that poems and prose are differently processed.
Das „Eintrittsbillet“ in die deutsche Gesellschaft? Die nationalsozialistische Vergangenheit aus der deutsch-türkischen Perspektive
Authors: Masiakowska-Osses Dorota
Published: March 2020

Die Erinnerung an den Nationalsozialismus und den Holocaust bleibt in Deutschland ein negativer Referenzpunkt der nationalen Identität. Mit der Verwandlung der Bundesrepublik in ein Einwande­rungsland wird jedoch immer häufiger gefragt, inwieweit dieses genealogische, ethnisierte Modell des Erinnerns seine Gültigkeit behalten kann und soll. Der Beitrag geht den Fragen nach, in wel­chem Maße und auf welche Weise die Vertreter und Nachfahren der türkischen Einwanderer in der BRD die NS-Vergangenheit in ihren literarischen Werken und anderen Projekten thematisieren und wie sie zum Problem der historischen deutschen Schuld stehen.The “entrance card” into the German society? The National Socialist past from the German-Turkish perspectiveThe memory of the National Socialism and the Holocaust remains a common negative reference point for the national identity in the FRG. At the same time, Germany’s transformation into an im­migration country raises the question, to what extent this ethnicised genealogical concept of remem­bering can or should apply to the whole society. The paper examines literary works and projects of Turkish immigrants in Germany and their descendants to show how they address matters related to the Nazi past and reflect on the issue of German guilt.
Zum Bild von Angelika Kauffmann in Alioths Der prüfende Blick
Authors: Rowińska-Januszewska Barbara
Published: March 2020

Der folgende Text untersucht das literarische Bild der Malerin Angelika Kauffmann im historischen Künstlerroman Der prüfende Blick 2007 von Gabrielle Alioth. Die Schweizer Autorin präsentiert in ihrem intermedialen Buch ein multiperspektivisches Vexierbild der Malerin aus dem 18. Jh., die als eine der ersten Frauen den beruflich-künstlerischen Weg erfolgreich realisieren konnte. Alioth bietet ein vielfältiges, literarisch-malerisches Porträt der Künstlerin aus der Sicht von ihren Freunden und Bekannten, das auch ihre Malerei beinhaltet.Image of Angelika Kauffmann in Der prüfende Blick by AliothThe following study examines the literary image of the painter Angelika Kauffmann in the historical novel Der prüfende Blick 2007 by Gabrielle Alioth. In her book, the Swiss author presents a multiperspectival picture of the painter from the 18th century, who was one of the first women to successfully pursue the artistic path. Alioth offers a diverse image of the artist from the perspective of her friends and acquaintances, including her paintings.
Metapher, Metonymie und mentales Bild als Motiviertheitsmechanismen in der Phraseologie
Authors: Sulikowska Anna
Published: March 2020

Das Ziel des Artikels liegt in der Veranschaulichung der Komplexität von Bedeutungskonstituierungs- und Motiviertheitsmechanismen in der Phraseologie. In einer korpusbasierten semantischen Untersuchung des Idioms ein harter Brocken werden Verwendungsprofile ermittelt und kognitive Mechanismen aufgezeigt, die zur Konstruktion der Bedeutung führen und sie motivieren. Außer den etablierten Metaphern und Metonymien wird auch der Einfluss des mentalen Bildes als ein kognitiver Mechanismus aufgezeigt und diskutiert. Metaphor, metonymy and rich image as motivating mechanismsin phraseologyThe aim of the article is to show the complexity of meaning construction and motivation procedures within phraseology. The research concentrates on the idiom ein harter Brocken, on the basis of which usage profiles and cognitive mechanisms have been shown, which support the construction of its meaning and motivation. Another research topic, beyond established metaphors and metonymies, was the influence of the mental image as a cognitive mechanism.
Numerus und Genus des Prädikatsnomens – Kongruenzkategorien?
Authors: Dolińska Justyna
Published: March 2020

Im Deutschen kann das Prädikatsnomen in Numerus und Genus mit dem Subjekt übereinstimmen, muss es aber nicht. Numerus und Genus sind in den Prädikativkonstruktionen eigenständige Kategorien. Das Prädikatsnomen übernimmt vom Subjekt weder Numerus noch Genus. Das Genus des Prädikatsnomens wird durch den Zusammenhang zwischen dem Genus und Sexus des Substantivs bestimmt, der Numerus durch die Semantik.Number and gender of predicative nominal – agreement categories?In the German language, the nominal predicate may but does not have to convene in number and gender with the subject. The number and gender are independent categories in predicate structures. The predicative expression does not receive the number or the gender from the subject. The type of the predicative expression determines the dependency between the grammatical gender and the semantic gender, whereas the number is determined by the noun’s semantics.
Verbale und nonverbale Höflichkeitsexponenten. Umgangsformen zwischen Aufrichtigkeit und Routine-Floskel
Authors: Sadziński Witold
Published: March 2020

Ursprünglich dem Hof und seiner Devise „mehr Schein als Sein“ verpflichtet, stehen verbale und nonverbale Exponenten der Höflichkeit nicht selten eher für die äußere Form als für den innewohnenden Inhalt, der meist erst aus dem Kontext erschlossen sein will. Nicht von ungefähr wird in Szczęk 2012 – in unübersehbarer Anspielung auf Goethes „Faust II“ „Im Deutschen lügt man, wenn man höflich ist“ – an moderaten Bewerbungsabsageschreiben im Lichte der Theorie der Lüge die Probe aufs Exempel gemacht. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird der sprachlichen Gefälligkeit anhand routinierter Umgangsformen unter Zuhilfenahme metasprachlicher Diskursmarker schöngeistiger Provenienz vom Typ …sagte er höflich/eisig nachgegangen – vorzugsweise unter Bezugnahme auf Belege aus Nacht, Tag und Nacht 1994 von Andrzej Szczypiorski und dessen polnischer Vorlage Noc, dzień i noc 1991 – die unter Beweis stellen, dass der Wortlaut der Routineformeln allein ggf. über deren Aufrichtigkeit hinwegtäuschen kann.Verbal and non-verbal courtesy exponents: Manners between sincerity and routine phrasesVerbal and non-verbal exponents of courtesy – originally committed to the court and its motto “more appearances than being” – often stand for the external form rather than for the inherent content, which usually only needs to be developed from the con-text. It is no coincidence that in Szczęk 2012 – in unmistakable allusion to Goethe’s “Faust II” “In German you lie, if you are polite” – it is verified by means of modest application rejection letters in the light of the theory of lies. In the paper, linguistic complacency will be investigated by means of routine manners with the help of metalinguistic discourse markers of aesthetic provenance of the type …he said politely / icily – preferably with reference to literary examples from Nacht, Tag und Nacht 1994 by Andrzej Szczypiorski and his Polish original Noc, dzień i noc 1991 – who prove that the wording of the routine formulas alone may deceive their sincerity.
Die „Schlesische Presse“ 1873–1882. Ein vergessenes Zeitungsprojekt der Gründerzeit
Authors: Bonter Urszula
Published: March 2020

Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt erstmalig ein wichtiges, wenn auch kurzlebiges Breslauer Zeitungsprojekt des frühen Kaiserreichs dar. Die „Schlesische Presse“ wurde mit großem Geldaufwand als ein nationalliberales Organ konzipiert und erschien von 1873 bis 1882. Im Folgenden werden die Umstände der Gründung des Blattes, sein Profil sowie seine Entwicklungsphasen geschildert. Im Vordergrund steht stets die Frage nach den Gründen für das Scheitern dieses zunächst vielversprechenden Großprojekts.Schlesische Presse 1873–1882: A forgotten newspaper from the Gründerzeit periodThis paper presents for the first time an important, even though short-lived, Breslau newspaper of the early years of the German Kaiserreich. Schlesische Presse was conceived as a national liberal body with substantial funding and was published in the years 1873–1882. The paper describes the circumstances of the foundation of the newspaper, its profile and phases of development. The underlying question is why this big project, which was so promising at first, eventually failed.
Artykuł 145a § 1 ustawy — Prawo o postępowaniu przed sądami administracyjnymi jako podstawa do wydania wyroku przesądzającego merytorycznie o sposobie rozstrzygnięcia lub załatwienia sprawy administracyjnej
Authors: Szczurek Karol
Published: March 2020

Article 145a § 1 of the Law on ProceedingsBefore Administrative Courts as a basis for a judgmenton merits as to the disposal or settlementof an administrative caseThe publication deals with Art. 145a § 1 of the Law on Proceedings Before Administrative Courts, introduced with the amendment of 9 April 2015. Article 145a § 1 of the Law on Proceedings Before Administrative Courts gives the administrative courts a power to impose on public administration bodies an obligation to issue a decision or a resolution of a specific content in a set time. Hence, a judgment of an administrative court based on the new regulation has an indirect character of a decision on merits. Although the judgment does not substitute an administrative act, it offers binding requirements for the contents of the administrative act and a set date for its issuance.The aim of this publication is to analyse the prerequisites of applying the new regulation and the manner in which the new regulation has been applied by the administrative courts up to date. The analysis then turns to de lege lata conclusions. The considerations also touch upon the problem of compliance of the new regulation with Polish Constitution.In spite of some critical voices, the new regulation should be positively assessed in terms of its realisation of the rule of procedural economy and for safeguarding the individuals’ legitimate interests through speeding up the possibility of obtaining a substantive administrative decision. There is, however, a need for a more frequent application of the new regulation by administrative courts.
Uwagi w sprawie publicznoprawnej determinacji ram przedmiotowych publicznego prawa gospodarczego
Authors: Małecki Witold
Published: March 2020

Comments on the public law framework for the scope of public economic lawThe evolution of administrative economic law into public economic law should cause extension of the scope of this section of law, corresponding to its name containing two determinants. However, the scope of public economic law presented in contemporary Polish comprehensive manuals of public economic law does not contain any references to economic criminal law, which is undoubtedly a section of law situated within the confines of public law. In order to determine the meaning of the determinant “public” in the name “public economic law” two models were proposed. In a “shaping” model the determinant “public”, together with the determinant “economic”, defines the scope of public economic law. Only accepting the view on economic law as an independent branch of law and — consequently — the view on public economic law as a divisive factor of the economic law as an independent branch of law allows to justify an omission of economic criminal law provisions which should be included into criminal law. Regarding economic law as an independent branch of law does not entitle one to include such provisions into it if they are classified as a part of another independent branch of law — in this case: criminal law. Another model is a “descriptive” one, in which the determinant “public” does not define the scope of public economic law — the scope is determined by the definition of public economic law. The only role of the determinant “public” is to describe a category of provisions that are included in public economic law. The model, however, does not justify the omission of economic criminal law provisions in the manuals because of a broad shape of the definition of public economic law presented in Polish literature.
Konstrukcja stanu wyższej konieczności w projekcie polskiego kodeksu karnego z 1932 roku
Authors: Pasek Andrzej
Published: March 2020

State of necessity in the draft Polish Criminal Code of 1932The article is devoted to state of necessity in the draft Polish Criminal Code of 1932. The author discusses the origins of the construct, its place in the criminal codes in force in Poland, the work of the Criminal Law Section of the Codification Commission of the Polish Republic, and the legal structure of the regulations in the draft Polish Criminal Code.He demonstrates that the state of necessity in the draft Polish Criminal Code of 1932 was shaped by in-depth reflection in the Criminal Law Section taking into account the European doctrine of law and European legislation. When it comes to the state of necessity, the draft Polish Criminal Code sought to apply to it the latest solutions known from the existing legislation.Die Konstruktion des Notstandes in dem Entwurf des polnischen Strafgesetzbuches aus dem Jahre 1932Die Bearbeitung betrifft die Konstruktion des Notstandes in dem Entwurf des polnischen Strafgesetzbuches aus dem Jahre 1932. Vorgestellt wurde die Genese dieser Institution, ihre Regulierung in den auf polnischem Gebiet geltenden Strafgesetzbüchern, der Verlauf der Arbeiten im Rahmen der Sektion Strafrecht in der Kodifikationskommission der Republik Polen und die rechtliche Konstruktion der Institution in dem Entwurf des polnischen Strafgesetzbuches.Es wurde gezeigt, dass der Notstand in dem Entwurf des polnischen Strafgesetzbuches aus dem Jahre 1932 seine Gestalt aufgrund vertiefter Überlegungen im Rahmen der Sektion Strafrecht nahm, die das Werk der europäischen Rechtsdoktrin und der europäischen Gesetzgebung berücksichtigten. Das charakteristische Merkmal des polnischen Entwurfes des Strafgesetzbuches im Bezug auf diese Institution war die Bestrebung, sie unter Beachtung der neusten Entwicklungen auf Grund der damals bekannten Gesetzgebung zu gestalten.
Wojciech Bandrowski — zapomniany burmistrz miasta Tarnowa z lat 1867–1870. Przyczynek do biografii
Authors: Fijałkowska Marzena
Published: March 2020

Wojciech Bandrowski — aforgotten mayor of Tarnów. A supplement to a biographyThe beginnings of autonomy were an important period in the development of Galician towns, which coped as best as they could with the consequences of the administrative reform gradually introduced by the Austrian authorities. Akey role in the process was played by mayors heading local communities, because they bore the biggest responsibility for the existence of the “little homelands”. Often, given the universal respect they enjoyed, they remained in office for several terms, wining apermanent place in the history of the town and memory of its residents. However, there were figures, like the first mayor of Tarnów, who remained forgotten for many years, which makes it all the more important to make an effort to rediscover them.Wojciech Bandrowski — der vergessene Bürgermeister der Stadt Tarnow. Ein Beitrag zur BiographieDie Anfänge der Autonomie waren eine besondere Zeit für die Entwicklung der Städte Galiziens, die sich unterschiedlich mit den Auswirkungen der allmählich durch die österreichischen Behörden eingeführten Verwaltungsreform Rat wussten. Die Hauptrolle spielten hier die Bürgermeister, die an der Spitze der lokalen Gemeinschaften standen, da auf ihren Schultern die größte Verantwortung für das Dasein der „kleinen Heimat“ lag. Mehrfach, in Anbetracht des allgemeinen Ansehens, das sie genossen, übten sie ihre Funktionen über mehrere Amtsperioden aus und sind für immer mit der Geschichte der Stadt verbunden und in der Erinnerung ihrer Einwohner geblieben. Es gab aber auch solche Personen, die, wie der erste Bürgermeister von Tarnow, viele Jahre vergessen waren, um so wichtiger scheint daher die Mühe, sie neu zu entdecken.
Kwestie prawne związane z rozwiązaniem zrzeszeń wolnomularskich w II Rzeczypospolitej
Authors: Koredczuk Józef
Published: March 2020

Legal matters connected with the dissolution of Masonic associations in the Second Polish RepublicThe author presents abrief overview of the importance of Freemasons in the political life of the Second Polish Republic. He then discusses the background and circumstances of the issuance by the President of Poland of adecree dissolving Masonic associations on 22 November 1938. Next he carries out adetailed legal analysis of the document, comparing it to the bill on fighting Freemasonry submitted in parliament by the MP Wacław Budzyński. He concludes with reflections on fighting political views, especially of opposition groups, by means of instruments under criminal law. That such instruments are used is evidence, according to the author, of the weakness of the political system in agiven country.Rechtliche Aspekte der Auflösung der Freimaurerverbände in der Zweiten Polnischen RepublikDer Autor stellt in dem Beitrag zuerst eine kurze Charakteristik der Bedeutung der Freimaurer im politischen Leben der Zweiten Polnischen Republik dar. Dann bespricht er den Hintergrund und die Umstände der Herausgabe durch den Präsidenten der Polnischen Republik am 22.  November 1938 des Dekrets über die Auflösung der Freimaurerverbände. Danach kommt seine eingehende rechtliche Analyse, im Vergleich zu dem Projekt des Gesetzes über die Bekämpfung der Freimaurerei, das der Abgeordnete Wacław Budzyński dem Sejm vorgelegt hat. Die Überlegungen werden mit Reflexionen über die Bekämpfung politischer Ansichten, insbesondere der oppositionellen Gruppierungen, mit Hilfe strafrechtlicher Instrumente zusammengefasst. Werden diese Instrumente ergriffen, zeugt das nach Meinung des Autors von einer Schwäche des politischen Systems in dem gegebenen Staat.
Gmina a Ochotnicze Straże Pożarne w wykonywaniu zadań w zakresie ochrony przeciwpożarowej
Authors: Kocowski Tadeusz
Published: March 2020

Municipality and volunteer fire brigades in executing fire protection tasksOne of the public tasks of the municipality are matters of public order and security of citizens and fire protection. In the area of the municipality they were made by volunteer fire brigades assisted in cash by the municipality. Changes in such asystem were caused by the emergence of anational rescue and firefighting system, hence the need to investigate the current model of these relations.
Forma podmiotu leczniczego a świadczenia zdrowotne
Authors: Kocowski Tadeusz , Paplicki Mateusz
Published: March 2020

Form of medical entity and medical servicesHealth undoubtedly belongs of the fundamental existential values for human. Current legal regu­lations state that everyone is entitled to health care. Health care is agovernment task, executed especially by local government units. An individual has the right to claim medical services related to the protection of life and health from the public health service. For their practical implementation, government establishes a system of entities obliged to take action in this field. Unfortunately, the actions taken do not create a unified system in which the patient and his health are the most important value.
Nadawanie uprawnień zawodowych w zakresie szacowania nieruchomości
Authors: Kłusek Paweł
Published: March 2020

Empowerment in terms of the real estate evaluationIn Polish jurisprudence we can distinguish two specific groups of professions: the liberal profes­sions and the professions of public trust. The profession of the real estate appraiser for sure may be ranked as aliberal profession. Nevertheless, there is no certainty if this profession may be ranked as a profession of public trust. Qualification of the real estate appraisers to this second group of pro­fessions could be areason to justify achange of the existing regulation concerning empowerment in terms of the real estate evaluation. Therefore there is aneed to determine the legal status of the real estate appraiser profession and to judge the regulations which concern empowerment in terms of real estate evaluation.
Implementation of the State Regulatory Policy in Ukraine
Authors: Malyga Viktoriya
Published: March 2020

Implementation of the State Regulatory Policy in UkraineThe article considers the peculiarities of the concept and implementation of the state regulatory policy in Ukraine. The content of the main features of such apolicy has been analyzed, its legal nature has been established and the most important problems of introduction of regulatory influence are revealed.
Znaczenie Biuletynu Informacji Publicznej w zapewnieniu jawności działań administracji publicznej na przykładzie zamówień publicznych
Authors: Mika Adam
Published: March 2020

The importance of Public Information Bulletin BIP for realizing transparency of public administration activities in public procurement area Public Information Bulletin BIP has a great influence on direct access to public information. Its importance is bigger and bigger in Public Procurement Law nowadays. Publications in BIP are cur­rently required in cases of in house-procurement and public contracts for social and other specific services. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the impact of BIP on transparency of public adminis­tration activities in public procurement area, especially the impact of the lack of publication in BIP on validity of contracts.