bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
P‐50: Study on the New Monitoring Method for Ion Implanter using Microwave Photoconductive Response in the Large Size Glass
Authors: Jeons Steve , Zhao Zhi-Wei , Wang Qing , Liu Song-Lin , Wu Zai-Rong , Su Shun-Kang
Published: September 2020

In this paper, the advanced monitoring technology for Ion Implanter using Microwave Photoconductive Response (u‐PCR) is presented. The new monitoring method is able to be considered through the real LTPS (Low Temperature Poly Silicon) process like excimer laser annealing, ion doping and thermal activation at large size glass. The u‐PCR method expects to be able to evaluate the solid state reaction of poly silicon and substitute the present monitoring method which is manually measured a wafer doped by RTA.
P‐54: Smooth Edge Curve Compensation Method for Circular Display
Authors: Chen Yani , Zhu Jing , Wang Tianhong , Wang Jinjie , Zhang Shengdong
Published: September 2020

Herein, we have developed a deliciated smooth edge curve compensation method for circular display, thorough BM mask design and arc angel regulation. This significantly alleviates the jagged mura at the rounded corners of the panel. More importantly, the circular GOA circuits exhibit a wide margin of 20 V after high‐temperature and high‐humidity storage for 500 h.
P‐59: An Analytical Method of Small Size Module Waving based on the Finite Element Simulation
Authors: Li Xiaohua , Zhang Bingchuan , Zhu Lei , Guo Qing , Zhou Wei
Published: September 2020

As the reason for the waving problem in small‐sized panel products is complex and diverse, waving issue is difficult to be solved. In order to solve the waving issue, finding out the reason is one of the most critical parts. Therefore, the effect of the internal and external stress lead to the deformation of LGP are investigated and obtained basing on the finite element analysis software ABAQUS. And combining with the results of experimental data, the main reason for the waving issue is proved. The waving issue is eliminated by effective methods for subsequent adoption. The finite element method provides a constructive guide for assessing the issue of waving.
P‐61: Research on the Key Factors Affecting the LC Margin Lower Limit of LCD
Authors: Liu Le , Xiao Lang , Zhang Pang-Ling , Yi Cen , Hu Qian-Shuang , Zhao Bin
Published: September 2020

In this paper, the key factors to affect the lower limit of LC margin are investigated by finite element simulation and design of experiment (DOE). Moreover, the compression characteristic of photo spacer (PS) is studied deeply. The research provides a reference for the estimation and design of LC margin.
P‐232: Laser Assisted Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition for Damage‐Resistive and Reliable Thin Film Encapsulation of Organic Light Emitting Diodes
Authors: An Kunsik , Lee Ho-Nyun , Cho Kwan Hyun , Lee Seung‐Woo , Choi Sung‐Hwan , Hwang David J. , Kang Kyung-Tae
Published: September 2020

Silicon nitride thin film was fabricated using laser‐assisted plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition (LAPECVD) with 193 nm ArF excimer laser. In order to achieve damage‐resistive and reliable thin film encapsulation, the deposition of silicon nitride was performed in two‐step that laser‐assisted CVD (LACVD) and LAPECVD performed on the LACVD thin film.
P‐62: Effect of Viewpoints of Integral Image 3D display on Human Eye Accommodation Response
Authors: Chen Cong , Deng Huan , Wang Qiong-Hua , Zhong Fei-Yan , Ji Qing-Lin , Li Qiang
Published: September 2020

To obtain the effect of the viewpoint number on the accommodation response of human eyes, we measure the accommodation response of the human eyes when we view the 3D images with 8×8, 6×6, 4×4, 2×2, 1×1 viewpoints, and compare the results with the accommodation response when viewing real target.
P‐69: Analysis of Light Transmittance of Rugged LCDs in Random‐Vibration Environment
Authors: Feng Qibin , Su Kai , Hu Ziang , Wang Zi , Lyu Guoqiang
Published: September 2020

The light may leak out of a rugged LCD when the LCD is in random vibration environment. This paper proposes a simulation method to analyze such phenomenon. The simplified simulation model of a rugged LCD is firstly established. The power spectral density could be achieved when applying a random vibration on the rugged LCD. Inverse Flourier transformation is performed to get the change of the liquid crystal thickness in time domain. Such changes are input into TechWiz application to simulate the change of the light transmittance. In addition, the effects of different LCD modes and different thicknesses of rugged glass on the change of light transmittance in random vibration environment are deeply studied. The proposed method in this paper can help improve the display quality of a rugged LCD in random vibration environment.
P‐70: Elimination of Double Images and Stray Light of a Light Field Virtual Reality Near‐to‐Eye Display
Authors: Chien Hung-Ta , Lo Hsin-Hsing , Chang Chuan-Chung , Chuang Fu-Ming
Published: September 2020

A light field near‐to‐eye virtual reality display is proposed. The field of view is 86 degrees square and the PPD is 13.3. To eliminate the double images and stray light, a collimated backlight and a black is adopted. The ANSI contrast is enhanced
P‐73: Depth‐enhanced Integral Imaging Display System based on Transmissive Mirror Device
Authors: Ren Hui , Zhang Han-Le , Xing Yan , Wang Qiong-Hua
Published: September 2020

We present a depth‐enhanced integral imaging system using a transmissive mirror device. The transmissive mirror device can float a 3D image of integral imaging through double reflection. Meanwhile, the transmissive mirror device transmits the other 3D image behind the floating 3D image to increase the depth of 3D image.
P‐74: Aerial Signage Formed with AIRR and DS3D Display
Authors: Nishimura Daiki , Shinohara Masayuki , Yamamoto Hirotsugu
Published: September 2020

This paper proposes a novel aerial 3D display that forms an aerial image augmented in the real space with DS3D (directional scattering 3D) display. The aerial image is formed with AIRR (aerial imaging by retro‐reflection) in see‐through structure. We have demonstrated presenting the position of the aerial image to observers in an easy‐to‐understand method by pointing the position of the aerial image with the arrow of the 3D image. Furthermore, observers can view the aerial image and the real world behind the beam splitter at the same time.
P‐75: Tabletop Integral Imaging 3D Display with Annular Viewing Zone
Authors: Xing Yan , Wang Qiong-Hua , Xia Yun-Peng , Li Shuang , Ren Hui
Published: September 2020

An annular viewing zone‐based tabletop integral imaging 3D display is presented. By adjusting the shape of the elemental images, viewing sub‐zone with annular sector distribution can be generated. Therefore, an annular viewing zone can be created in a time‐multiplexing way. The motion parallaxes of the proposed display are smooth.
P‐77: Angular Profile Shaping Film for LCD Backlight with Large Viewing Direction
Authors: Huang Ssu-Tuan , Mu Cheng-Ta , Chou Yen-Yu , Liu Guu-Huann , Chen Cheng-Huan
Published: September 2020

An approach of designing microstructure film to direct the majority of light energy toward large angular direction has been proposed. For an incident illumination concentrated within an angular range of ±25°, the peak of the angular profile has reached 47° for the outgoing light, with an overall efficiency of 67%.
P‐83: Tuning the External Quantum Efficiency and Reverse Bias of PIN Photodiode
Authors: Song Jiyue , Song Dewei , Gong Fan , Ai Fei , Tang Fuxiong , Yuan Jianfeng
Published: September 2020

The boron implantation and intrinsic layer thickness effects on the external quantum efficiency of pin photo sensor are investigated. It is found that the light absorption by p+ layer and asymmetric carrier loss phenomenon will be serious in the high implantation voltage condition, which will lead to the decrease of external quantum efficiency (EQE) of photodiode. The dark current at the range of reverse bias can be reduced through controlling the hydrogen content, film stress and intrinsic layer thickness of pin photodiode. The EQE of photodiode under red light illumination (680 nm) can be enhanced from 35.8% to 45.2% by increasing the intrinsic layer thickness from 200 nm to 300 nm.
P‐85: Development of High‐yield Laser Lift‐off Process for Micro LED Display
Authors: Xia Jiye , Zhao Gaina , Yao Zhibo , Dong Xiaobiao , Sheng Cuicui , Li Zhisheng , Cao Xuan , Wang Chenggong , Duan Lian
Published: September 2020

This paper reports our developments for Micro LED laser lift‐off which is a very important step in Micro LED mass transfer process. By selecting the temporary bonding material, optimizing laser power intensity, and using PSS structure, the yield of Micro LED laser lift‐off can reach 99% for more than 5000 LEDs. This technical developments is of great potential for promoting high‐yield mass transfer technology to realize commercial Micro‐LED displays.
P‐88: Measurement and Analysis of Current Efficiency of Blue and Green Micro‐LED Arrays with Different LED Chip Sizes
Authors: Guo Enqing , Tian Wenya , Li Qing , Wang Yan , Wang Chenggong
Published: September 2020

Blue and green InGaN/GaN μLED arrays with different LED chip sizes were fabricated and tested in IVL system. As the chip size reduces, the current density at peak efficiency increases gradually for both blue and green samples. The current efficiency of the smaller μLED is lower than that of the bigger one.
P‐91: Improving Light Extraction from QD‐LED Pixels
Authors: Montgomery David J. , Boardman Edward A. , Smeeton Tim M. , Gass Paul A.
Published: September 2020

We introduce a new dual‐cavity structure for QD‐LED pixels using a second metal layer above the cathode and a silicon dioxide layer between them. Hybrid optical simulation of the bank pixel structures for red, green and blue sub‐pixels show how this improves extraction efficiency and minimizes colour shift.
P‐95: A Facile Multi‐Transfer Method by Flexible Tape for Micro‐LED Display Applications
Authors: Yao Zhibo , Xia Jiye , Li Lizhu , Cao Xuan , Dong Xiaobiao , Duan Lian , Sheng Xing , Wang Chenggong
Published: September 2020

A facile multi‐transfer method based on flexible tape was introduced and micro‐LED arrays was successfully transferred and electrically bonded to backpanel with a lighten yield up to 90%. The flexible tape could compensate the height variation of LED chips during the pick and place process. Multi‐transfer was achieved by the viscosity‐adjustable nature of the tape materials.
P‐108: Stable Thermal Distribution of Flexible Transparent InGaN/GaN Multiple Quantum Wells Micro‐LED Arrays
Authors: Lu Bo , Wang Yan , Liu Chuanbiao , Sher Chin-Wei , Kuo Hao-Chung , Hyun Byung-Ryool , Liu Zhaojun
Published: September 2020

We study the thermal distribution of a flexible/transparent unpackaged 32×32 micro‐LED array on PET substrate up to a brightness rating of 5,000 nits at room temperature. The temperature variation of single pixel is 3‐4 °C. The average temperatures of the array range from 30°C to 41 °C, showing stable performance.
P‐110: Investigation of Bowing Effect of 4" Epitaxial Wafer and Reliability of GaN‐based Micro‐LED Devices
Authors: Zhang Ke , Liu Yibo , Cha Ka wah , Yeung Sze-Yan , Sun Xiaowei , Liu Zhaojun , Kwok Hoi-Sing
Published: September 2020

GaN‐based Micro‐LEDs have shown great potential in various filed, such as solid‐state lighting, display, sensor, visible light communication and multifunctional devices. The performance of Micro‐LEDs in various operating environment drew enormous attention recently. We investigate the fabrication process of Micro‐LED devices with 4" epitaxial wafer. The problems occurred during the process, especially bowing effect, were systematically introduced. Several solutions have been proposed and compared. In addition, the characterization and reliability test were measured to show sufficient quality of those devices.
P‐111: Red, Green, and Blue Quantum Rod Based Electroluminescent Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Mallem Kumar , Prodanov Maksym F. , Gupta Swadesh K. , Tam Bryan Siu Ting , Vashchenko Valerii V. , Srivastava Abhishek K.
Published: September 2020

Quantum dot light emitting diodes (QLEDs) emerges as a potential display technology due to its ultra‐saturated colors, small turn on voltage (Von) and high efficiency (ŋ). However, the internal quantum efficiency (IQE) of QLED devices nearly reach its ideal level, and leave light outcoupling as the only possible way to improve the external quantum efficiency (EQE). This might need a different shape of the core shell, device structure and re‐optimization of the device. In this paper, we synthesized CdSe with CdS/ZnS based red, blue and green quantum rods (QRs) and fabricated electroluminescent QRs light emitting diodes (QRLEDs), this is the first study to report for the blue QRLEDs. The solution processed zinc oxide (ZnO) nano‐particles (NP) are used as an electron transport layer. The maximum luminance and EQE values of the devices are 1288, 420 and 13 cd/m2 and 5.7% and 0.18% and 0.093 %, for the red, green and blue LEDs, respectively. This kind of new QRLEDs shows a great potential for the use of next generation high color gamut display.
P‐112: Stabilization of Perovskite Quantum Dots in Polymer Matrix in Thin Porous Film for Display Technology
Authors: Gao Yiyang , Prodanov Maksym F. , Gupta Swadesh K. , Kang Chengbin , Vashchenko Valerii V. , Srivastava Abhishek K.
Published: September 2020

A new hybrid post‐synthetic and in‐film encapsulation method of colloidal perovskite nanoparticles is disclosed. The stabilization of the encapsulated perovskites against oxygen and humidity is tested and discussed. The convenience and scalability of this method opens avenue for perovskites to display application.
P‐117: FLI Structure for R1 Foldable AMOLED Display
Authors: Xu Chuan X. , Shu Shi , Yao Qi , Yuan Guang C. , Wu Hui L. , Sun Shuang , Li Zhao , Xue Jin X. , Wang Tie S. , Huang Hai T. , Wang Dong H.
Published: September 2020

A 6.2inch WQHD+ R1 foldable AMOLED display with FLI structure having thin thickness, wide color gamut, high brightness and low reflectivity was obtained. FLI means a structure of RGB emitter, thin film encapsulation, On‐TFE‐Touch and low temperature color filter.
P‐118: Optimization of Folding Process for Flexible Electronic Device
Authors: Chung Ko Chin , Huang Zi Shuo , Yu Yu Zhi , Lai Yen Hue , Wang Wan Tsang
Published: September 2020

Recently, the folding process has attracted considerable attention for bezel‐less construction in flexible display field. From chip on glass (COG) to chip on plastic (COP), the bezel has been greatly reduced yet needing a more optimized technology to keep a high yield rate. In this study, a folding‐trajectory optimization of the minimum radius of flexible substrate electronics device could be defined by using simulation even if the final folding area is exactly the same. Two different concepts of folding trajectory model and five different folding radius functions of time were simulated in this study for the selection of the best folding trajectory.
P‐121: Solution Processed Organic‐Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite TFTs with Excellent Ambient Air Stability
Authors: Haque Farjana , Mativenga Mallory
Published: September 2020

We show that, excellent ambient air stability can be achieved in organic‐inorganic hybrid perovskite thin‐film transistors (TFTs) through low‐temperature, solution processing in ambient air. Combined with their ambipolar nature and low‐voltage drivability, the perovskite TFTs demonstrated here are thus candidates for simple CMOS circuits in low‐cost, large‐area and/or printed displays.
P‐123: Tiled Display on a Textile Base
Authors: Kiryuschev Irina , Konstein Semyon
Published: September 2020

We propose to produce the tiled display from woven tiles, each tile can be active‐ or passive‐matrix display. Such tiled display can be comparatively cheap, very flexible and unlimited in size.
P‐219: Late‐News‐Poster: SDSWave: A Novel Ultrasonic Touch and Force‐Sensing Technology
Authors: Sheng Samuel , Lynn Lapoe , Shih Shih-Ming
Published: September 2020

The ultrasonic SDSWave sensor represents a new technology capable of accurately sensing position and force on unconventional materials and substrates. 5gF force sensing on curved waterfall displays, aluminum or stainless steel, or even bendable/foldable displays all become possible, providing unprecedented levels of design freedom to the device manufacturer.
P‐132: An Under‐Display Camera Optical Structure for Full‐Screen LCD
Authors: Wang Hailiang , Lin Yan , Li Yaying , Yang Yan , Zhou Ting , Chen Ruxing , Zhu Yihua , Chen Binbin , Li Junyi
Published: September 2020

We report a novel type of full‐screen LCD with an under‐display camera (UDC) optical structure. The structure uses different pixel design to make a high transmittance for photographing. It can achieve a true full‐screen display by hiding the camera. It has a better user experience than traditional full‐screen smart phone with a notch or hole area in the screen.
P‐135: Halide Perovskite‐polymer Composite Films for the Two‐color White OLED Displays
Authors: Kim Hyun Gi , Kim Hae Sook , Kim Sung Soo
Published: September 2020

The two color white OLED were successfully demonstrated by using organic–inorganic lead halide perovskites‐polymer composites layer as color‐converting films. The optimized OLED generated white light emission with the color coordinates of (0.326, 0.353).
P‐138: Fringe‐Field Effect of Ferroelectric Liquid‐Crystal Study Using Electrode Pattern for High Pixel Density Displays
Authors: Sun Zhibo , Yuan Zhengnan , Shi Runxiao , Kwok Hoi-Sing , Srivastava A. K.
Published: September 2020

An ITO pattern with variable electrode gap is used to study the fringe‐field‐effect for the ferroelectric liquid crystals. The pixel expansion and disclination line due to the fringe‐field‐effect for FLC panel are found to be least significant in comparison to the nematic LCs. The electro‐optical performance shows good contrast, fast response ~ 100μs and little fringe field effect.
P‐147: Multi‐phase and Multi‐pitch Twist Structure Liquid Crystals with Polymer Template
Authors: Huang Tengfei , Lu Jiangang
Published: September 2020

The template effect on stability of multi‐phase twist structure liquid crystals was investigated. If a cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) of different pitch was refilled into CLC template, the refilling CLC and intrinsic CLC can co‐exist in the template. If a blue phase liquid crystal (BPLC) of different pitch was refilled into the CLC template, only the intrinsic CLC appeared. And if a CLC of different pitch was refilled into BPLC template, both the refilling CLC and intrinsic BPLC appeared in the template. However, if a BPLC of different pitch was refilled into the BPLC template, only the intrinsic BPLC appeared. The multi‐phase and multi‐pitch twist structure LC device can be fabricated by the templating process which shows great potential applications in optical communication, display, and LC lasing.
P‐221: Late‐News‐Poster: Liquid‐Crystal Beam Shifting Device for Time‐of‐Flight Camera
Authors: Chen Ming Syuan , Chen Hung Shan
Published: September 2020

We demonstrated a tunable liquid crystal beam shifting device [1] which can regularly shift the position of projected light. This is useful for time‐of‐flight camera which utilizing dot pattern infrared light signals. The spatial resolution of ToF camera is mainly limited by dot numbers of projected light. The changeable dot position will directly increase captured information and spatial resolution of ToF camera. In this paper, we realized tunable LC beam shifting device which is composed of LC polarization rotators and LC beam splitting films,it shows the operation of 4 steps dot position shift.
P‐156: Distinguished Poster: Curved Vertical‐alignment Liquid Crystal Display with Uniform brightness: from Pixel Design to Verification
Authors: Cao Jie , Chen Jianhong , Du Peng , Ying Jianjian , Huang Tien-Chun , Chen Lixuan , Zhao Bin , Zhang Xin
Published: September 2020

Curved liquid crystal displays (LCD) suffers from an issue of uneven brightness among the vertical‐alignment (VA) LCD panels based on thin glass substrates. In this work, we investigared its origin through optical simulation and successfully realized uniform brilliance for 27‐inch curved LCD panels. The optical simulation revealed that the dark areas on the bending sides of the curved LCD panel originated from the reduced azimuth angle of the liquid crystals (LC) next to the ITO trunk. This issue could be resolved by decreasing the pretilt angle of the LC on the color filter (CF) side. Through developing pretilt angle tuning (PAT) technologies, we experimentally verified that the uniform brilliance could be achieved for 27‐inch curved LCD panels with 900‐mm curvature on thin glass substrates.
P‐157: Rational Analysis of Self‐Alignment Force of Reactive Additive Monomer with Multiple Methods
Authors: Zhang Yu , Lan Song , Tseng Te-Jen , Hsieh Chung-Ching , Zhang Xin , Zhang Shengdong
Published: September 2020

Analysis self‐alignment force (SAF) of reactive self‐assembly additive monomer is highly valuable in self‐alignment vertical alignment mode(SAVA), because this force directly influence performance of optoelectronics device. In this work, SAF has been studied by multiple methods, such as atomic force microscopy, mueller matrix imaging polarimeter. Reactive additive monomer and LC molecular were immobilized on the surface of an AFM probe and ITO, respectively. Due to the complexity of the additive monomer‐hydroxy, additive monomer‐LC moluclar interaction, parallel experiments were designed to discriminate specific interactions. The difference of pretilt angle between TFT side and CF side also reveals the difference of SAF at various structure cell. The additive with strong SAF showed well alignment state after forming into optoelectronic device.
P‐159: The Transmittance Improved of Polymer Stabilized Vertical Alignment Liquid Crystal Displays by Chiral Doping
Authors: Chen Xingwu , Chen Mei , Song Qi , Zhang Yinfeng , Tseng Te-Jen , Hsieh Chung-Ching , Xiao Juncheng , Li Dongze , Chen Lixuan , Zhang Xin
Published: September 2020

High transmittance is desired for high‐resolution liquid crystal display (LCD). In this work, the transmittance of Polymer Stabilized Vertical Alignment (PSVA) LCD mode has been greatly improved by chiral doping, and the mechanism of such chiral PSVA mode is illustrated for the first time. Compared with normal PSVA mode, the present chiral PSVA mode exhibited transmittance higher than 10%, accompanishing with comparably high contrast ratio and wide viewing angle. This novel chiral PSVA technology can be used in various LCD applications.
P‐163: The Optimization of Various Range Voltage in OLED According to Energy Level And Mobility Respectively
Authors: Chen Lei , Jia Congcong , Xu Zhengyin , Zhang Xiaojin , Ma Kun , Wang Dan
Published: September 2020

In order to well understand the detailed influence factors of the voltage in OLED, we studied the various voltage range in device with different interface energy gap and different material mobility by using current‐ voltage‐ luminance (IVL), impedance spectroscopy (IS) and current‐capacitance(CV). The result shows conversion voltage from ohmic current to trap current(below2V) and the carrier recombination voltage(2~3V) are both decided by interface energy gap, and the high voltalge range(>3V), the energy gap effect trail off and almost disappear. So the mobility is the primary determinant for operation voltage, and impedance spectroscopy (IS) is used to demonstrate the mechanism. Totally, for the sake of guaranteeing the same variation trend of various gray level in panel, the RGB voltage should be optimized in various range by energy gap and mobility respectively.
P‐165: An Optimized Algorithm to Reconstruct the Structure of Transparent OLED Display Based on Monte Carlo Method
Authors: Lin Rong Jie , Cheng Chi Jui , Lin Hoang Yan
Published: September 2020

For current transparent OLED(TOLED) displays, a common problem is that the background image quality is decrease due to diffraction. A method to reduce diffraction is to optimize the periodic grating structure of transparent display. We propose an algorithm based on Monte Carlo method to optimize the structure of transparent display.
P‐168: High Efficiency (EQE>30%) TADF‐OLED with Lightly‐doped Emitter (0.5%) by using TADF‐Host
Authors: Ding Wen-Cheng , Huang Jau-Jiun , Chen Chia-Hsun , Chiu Tien-Lung , Lin Chi-Feng , Leung Man-Kit , Lee Jiun-Haw
Published: September 2020

High efficiency (EQE=30.15%) organic light emitting diode (OLED) was demonstrated by lightly doping the thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitter (0.5%) into the TADF host, resulting from: (1) efficient energy transfer from host to dopant, (2) long exciton diffusion length in host, and (3) rare concentration quenching due to lightly‐doped condition.
P‐171: Investigation of the Improvement in Short‐term Stability by Post Annealing of Fluorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Le Duy Cong , Murata Hideyuki
Published: September 2020

We demonstrate that the short‐term stability of organic light emitting diodes is improved by annealing the device after fabrication. Under constant current density of 50 mA/cm2, the relative EL intensity of annealed devices remain 93% of the initial luminance while that of the unannealed devices reach 90% of the initial luminance.
P‐173: Improved Efficiency in Blue Fluorescent Organic Light‐emitting Devices Using Anthracene‐containing Dibenzofuran‐Type Host Materials
Authors: Jeong Sook Hee , Lee Kyung Hyung , Lee Jun Yeob
Published: September 2020

A series of novel blue‐host materials based on anthracene have been synthesized and investigated in which, a π‐electron‐rich dibenzofuran moiety was introduced as a side group to finely adjust the HOMO/LUMO levels of the anthracene and enhance the ability of charge‐transport and injection. To explore the electroluminescent properties of these materials, blue devices of HATCN(30 wt%):BPBPA(40 nm)/BPBPA(10 nm)/PCZAC(10 nm)/Host(30 nm):t‐DABNA(3 wt%)/DBFTrz(5 nm)/ZADN(20 nm)/LiF(1.5 nm)/Al(200 nm) were fabricated. DFAP1 device showed maximum external quantum efficiency of 8.2% with a CIE color coordinate of (0.125, 0.107) and DFAP2 device showed maximum external quantum efficiency of 7.4% with a CIE color coordinate of (0.128, 0.090).
P‐176: High efficiency hole transporting host materials for blue phosphorescent Organic light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Kim Cho long , Chung Won Jae , Lee Jun Yeob
Published: September 2020

In this work, bicarbazole‐dibenzofuran backbone structure based host materials, 9′‐(dibenzo[b,d]furan‐2‐y1)‐9‐phenyl‐9H,9′H‐3,4'‐bicarbazole (3PCz4CzFu) and 9‐(dibenzo[b,d]furan‐2‐y1)‐9′‐phenyl‐9H,9'H‐3,4'‐bicarbazole (4PCz3CzFu), were designed and synthesized. Since both materials have twisted molecular structure, they showed high triplet energy of above 2.90 eV. Also, they showed high hole current density, which enabled high external quantum efficiency of over 24.0% in the deep blue phosphorescent organic light‐emitting diodes. Compared with 3PCz4CzFu, 4PCz3CzFu showed improved external quantum efficiency, efficiency roll‐off, and lifetime because 4PCz3CzFu have better hole transporting property than 3PCz4CzFu in hole only device.
P‐180: Efficient Blue Phosphorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Diode with Extremely High External Quantum Efficiency
Authors: Chung Won Jae , Zaen Rena , Park Ki-Min , Lee Kyung Hyung , Lee Jun Yeob , Kang Youngjin
Published: September 2020

Two blue phosphorescent materials were synthesized by combining main ligands of bipyridine with trimethylsilyl(TMS) substituent, and ancillary ligand of acetylacetonate(acac). Each material has different TMS positions to bipyridine. Both materials have π‐π interactions and strong intermolecular interactions via C‐H·F. These are important for the performance of phosphorescent organic light‐emitting diodes (PhOLED). Material 1 has stronger intermolecular interactions than material 2. The substituent and ancillary ligand decrease the energy gap compared with the unsubstituted reference. Two blue PhOLEDs of both materials as dopants were fabricated to determine the device performance of the materials. The device of material 2 shows very high external quantum efficiency of 30.9% as blue phosphorescent emitter with single host.
P‐181: Efficient Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Sensitizer of Hyperfluorescence OLED by Adding Blocking Group
Authors: Yoon Sung Joon , Chung Won Jae , Lee Jun Yeob
Published: September 2020

In this work, two thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials, TrzCN and t‐TrzCN were synthesized to study effect of blocking group at acceptor unit in yellow hyperfluorescence system Two TADF materials were designed to prevent Dexter energy transfer by integrating t‐butyl substituted triazine, nitrile electron withdrawing unit and diindolocarbazole electron donating unit. By comparing these two materials, we could confirm the effect of blocking group. In 20% TADF and 0.5% TBRb doped devices, TrzCN TADF sensitizer without t‐butyl group material with TBRb fluorescence device showed maximum external quantum efficiency of 15.8%. The t‐TrzCN TADF sensitizer with t‐butyl group material showed maximum external quantum efficiency 17.6%.
P‐182: A Numerical Analysis of Current Efficiency Hump at Low Grey in the OLED Devices
Authors: Cho Hyung Uk , Kim Bo Woon , Lee Jun Young , Cho Young Mi , Baek Seung In , Kim Yong Jo
Published: September 2020

The hump behavior of current efficiency in OLEDs(Organic Light Emitting Diodes) were often observed at the low voltage under certain charge balance condition. The color non‐linearity with image sticking in the low voltage level was found to be well correlated with the existence of hump phenomena. In this paper, we explained the mechanism of hump is trade‐off between Langevin recombination and SRH(Schokley‐Reed‐Hall) recombination, and found out SRH recombination could be mainly controlled by EML(Emitting Layer)/ETL(Electron Transport Layer) interface barrier using OLED device simulation. Additionally we could suggest the conditions that reduce the hump at the low grey region to improve the performance of OLED device. Finally the color non‐linearity of OLED device was improved by elimination of hump behavior.
P‐187: Micro‐Patternable AgNW‐PEDOT:PSS Hybrid Electrodes for All‐Solution‐Processed Polymer Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Kim Geonhee , Park Jongjang , Yoon Jinsu , Lee Seunghwan , Hong Yongtaek
Published: September 2020

We present a fabrication method of silver nanowires ‐ poly (3, 4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) : poly(styrenesulfonate) hybrid electrodes which showed micro‐patternability with linewidth down to tens of micrometer. In addition, our transparent conductive electrodes can be applied to all‐solution‐processed polymer light‐emitting diodes for enabling low‐voltage driven electronics.
P‐198: Carboline‐Derived Hosts with Triazine Core for High Efficiency and Long Lifetime in Deep‐Blue Phosphorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Lee Soo Inn , Chung Won Jae , Lee Jun Yeob
Published: September 2020

Two n‐type (electron transport type) hosts derived from carboline and triazine, CblTrz and SiCblTrz, were prepared for high efficiency and long lifetime in deep blue phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes (PhOLEDs). Both materials have diphenyltriazine for acceptor moiety and α‐carboline for donor moiety. In case of SiCblTrz, triphenylsilyl group was attached to the core. The two hosts with high triplet energies of 3.05 eV and 3.02 eV were demonstrated in the mixed hosts with p‐type (hole transport type) mCBP. In addition, device properties of CblTrz and SiCblTrz were measured and EQE of 19.7% and 21.1% in maximum, color coordinate of (0.14, 0.17) and (0.14, 0.16) at 1,000 cd/m2 were obtained, which were suitable for deep blue PhOLEDs. Also, device lifetime values achieved in the deep blue PhOLEDs were 972 h, 1,008 h, respectively.
P‐228: Late‐News‐Poster: Compositional Effects of Crosslinkable Hole‐Transport Materials on the Performance of Solution‐Processed OLEDs
Authors: Ha Hyein , Suh Min Chul
Published: September 2020

In order to improve mobility, we can blend linear HTM (hole transfer material) with high mobility polymer to crosslinked polymer prepared as a semi‐IPN (inter‐penetrating network) form to realize highly efficient solution processed OLEDs. However, we cannot ensure a reproducibility of the devices because a non‐crosslinked linear polymer, poly(9,9‐dioctylfluorene‐co‐N‐(4‐butylphenyl)di‐phenylamine) (TFB) or poly(N,N′‐bis‐4‐butylphenyl‐ N,N′‐bisphenyl)benzidine (poly‐TPD) could be still miscible with emitting layer (EML) at their successive wet processes. To overcome this problem, we attempted to eliminate intermixing by crosslinking organic soluble linear HTM polymers by adding a nitrene type photo‐crosslinking agent inside the HTM solution.
P‐189: Late‐News‐Poster: In‐situ Selective UV‐O3 based Facile Patterning Method of Random SWCNT Networks for Solution‐processed SWCNT TFT and Circuit Application
Authors: Kim Hyeonggyu , Lee Seunghwan , Seo Jiseok , Kim Taehoon , Hong Yongtaek
Published: September 2020

We introduce in‐situ ultraviolet ozone(UVO) patterning technique to selectively attach the Poly‐L‐Lysine(PLL) material, which ultimately patterns the solution‐processed and directlydeposited random networks of single‐walled carbon nanotube(SWCNT). Furthermore, we demonstrated feasibility and applicability of our technique by implementing 16 devices on SiO2 substrate and all‐solution‐processed logic inverter circuit at organic dielectric.
Interface Modification Enabled by Atomic Layer Deposited Ultra‐Thin Titanium Oxide for High‐Efficiency and Semitransparent Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Duan Leiping , Sang Borong , He Mingrui , Zhang Yu , Hossain Md Anower , Rahaman Md Habibur , Wei Qingya , Zou Yingping , Uddin Ashraf , Hoex Bram
Published: September 2020

Organic solar cells (OSCs) are considered to have reached a second golden age with profoundly improved power conversion efficiency (PCE) and device stability in recent years. The modification of the interface layer plays a significant role in achieving performance enhancement in OSCs. Herein, the use of the atomic layer deposition (ALD) ultrathin TiOx to modify the interface layer in OSCs is reported. The modification with only two TiOx ALD cycles not only effectively passivates the interface between the ZnO electron transport layer (ETL) and the active layer, but also reduces the series resistance and improves the charge transport process in the device. An absolute 1% increase in PCE with enhanced device stability for modified OSCs is achieved. Semitransparent OSCs are also fabricated by applying this interface modification strategy. The modification with two TiOx ALD cycles increases the electrical device performance without affecting the optical properties of the semitransparent device. An average PCE of 10.46% with an average visible transmittance (AVT) of 19.61% and a color rendering index (CRI) close to 100 is demonstrated for the fabricated semitransparent device with the modification. The ALD‐assisted interface modification provides a straightforward way to realize high‐performance semitransparent OSCs.
Pushover analysis for flexible and semi‐flexible pile‐supported wharf structures accounting the dynamic magnification factors due to torsional effects
Authors: Zacchei Enrico , Lyra Pedro H. C. , Stucchi Fernando R.
Published: September 2020

This is a pushover analysis for pile‐supported wharves considering the dynamic magnification factors due to torsional effects. The piles seismic design by deterministic approach is shown accounting plastic hinges and P‐delta effects in 2D/3D mathematical modeling. A real structure placed at high seismicity area is considered as case study in order to validate the model and provide reliable technical data. New bound limits of seismic demands associated with damage states and the best soil performance are identified. A stochastic approach is proposed to estimate the no‐exceedance probability of horizontal displacements of a semi‐flexible with respect to a flexible model. Results are plotted in terms of base shears, displacements, and energy. The advantage of the use of pushover analysis in terms of displacements is estimated in 18–38%. Other results as bound limits, hysteretic damping, plastic rotation are compared with previous studies.
Decoupling the strength and drift criteria in steel moment‐resisting frames
Authors: Ahlehagh Sanaz , Mirghaderi Seyed Rasoul
Published: September 2020

Superior ductility of moment‐resisting frames allows for high response modification factors, therefore design for smaller earthquake loads. In contrast, to limit the lateral drift, the cross‐sectional dimensions of the beams and columns are increased, which deactivates the benefits of the achieved high response modification factor. The linked beam frame system is proposed in this paper to decouple the strength and drift criteria. The link elements are added between the beams of two adjacent stories in spans where allowed architecturally to control the drift while they also increase the potential sources of energy dissipation. The design procedure is straightforward and prevents the trial and error analysis required for conventional moment‐resisting frames. The effect of the links on the lateral stiffness of the structure is estimated, and prototype buildings of five, 10, and 15 stories are investigated using linear and nonlinear analyses. A comparison of the results between the proposed system and the conventional method indicates that in addition to simplification of the design procedure, saving of about 10% to 15% in steel material of each lateral load resisting frame is achieved.
Sichere R0-Resektion zur Vermeidung der adjuvanten Therapieeskalation beim Oropharynxkarzinom
Authors: Mansour N. , Backes C. , Becker C. , Hofauer B. , Knopf A.
Published: September 2020

Hintergrund

Der Resektionsstatus ist ein Prädiktor bei Patienten mit Oropharynxkarzinomen (OPSCC) für die Überlebensrate (ÜR) und das rezidivfreie Überleben (RFÜ). TNM-Status, extrakapsuläres Wachstum im Lymphknoten (ECE) und der Resektions(R)-Status des Primärtumors entscheiden über die adjuvante Therapie, wobei der R‑Status unmittelbar durch den Kopf-Hals-Chirurgen beeinflussbar ist. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist die Evaluation des Einflusses des R‑Status auf Therapieentscheidungen, RFÜ und ÜR.

Material und Methoden

Es wurden alle Patienten mit Plattenepithelkarzinom des Oropharynx, die im Zeitraum von 2001–2011 operiert wurden, in die Auswertung eingeschlossen. Retrospektiv wurden klinische Parameter, Überlebensdaten, histologische Daten wie ECE, R‑Status und Tumorausdehnung erhoben sowie analysiert.

Ergebnisse

Es wurden 208 Patienten in die Studie eingeschlossen. Patienten mit R0-Resektion zeigten ein mittleres RFÜ/ÜR von 89/87 Monaten. Dieses sank signifikant bei Patienten mit R1-Resektion (65/65 Monate), R2-Resektion (38/33 Monate) sowie Rx-Resektion (59/45 Monate; p = 0,036/p = 0,001). Bei Patienten mit ECE und R1-Resektion, aber auch mit R0-Resektion durch Nachresektion und Rx-Status erfolgte eine adjuvante Therapieeskalation.

Schlussfolgerung

Unsichere Resektionsränder reduzieren das RFÜ und die ÜR. Daher sollte bei einer chirurgischen Therapie immer eine R0-Resektion möglichst am Hauptpräparat angestrebt werden, um eine adjuvante Therapieeskalation wegen eines unklarer R‑Status zu vermeiden.
Multi-domain optimization of the eigenstructure of controlled underactuated vibrating systems
Authors: Belotti Roberto , Richiedei Dario , Trevisani Alberto
Published: September 2020

The paper proposes a multi-domain approach to the optimization of the dynamic response of an underactuated vibrating linear system through eigenstructure assignment, by exploiting the concurrent design of the mechanical properties, the regulator and state observers. The approach relies on handling simultaneously mechanical design and controller synthesis in order to enlarge the set of the achievable performances. The underlying novel idea is that structural properties of controlled mechanical systems should be designed considering the presence of the controller through a concurrent approach: this can considerably improve the optimization possibilities. The method is, first, developed theoretically. Starting from the definition of the set of feasible system responses, defined through the feasible mode shapes, an original formulation of the optimality criterion is proposed to properly shape the allowable subspace through the optimal modification of the design variables. A proper choice of the modifications of the elastic and inertial parameters, indeed, changes the space of the allowable eigenvectors that can be achieved through active control and allows obtaining the desired performances. The problem is then solved through a rank-minimization with constraints on the design variables: a convex optimization problem is formulated through the “semidefinite embedding lemma” and the “trace heuristics”. Finally, experimental validation is provided through the assignment of a mode shape and of the related eigenfrequency to a cantilever beam controlled by a piezoelectric actuator, in order to obtain a region of the beam with negligible oscillations and the other one with large oscillations. The results prove the effectiveness of the proposed approach that outperforms active control and mechanical design when used alone.
Study of the K-S distance on skulls from different modern populations for sex and ancestry determination
Authors: Jellinghaus K. , Matin S. , Urban P. , Bohnert M. , Jantz R.
Published: September 2020

In forensic science determination of the origin and sex of skeletal remains is an important task for identification purposes. In this study we investigated the krotaphion-sphenion distance (K‑S distance) in the pterion region of German, Euro-American, African-American and Rwandan skulls of modern individuals from the nineteenth to the twenty-first century to look for statistically significant differences in sex and ancestry. We found a statistically significant sex-specific difference in the K‑S distance, which was greater in male skulls than in female skulls for both sides of the skull. Our study also showed that there is a statistically significant difference in the K‑S distance between the four populations studied. Landmarks and morphometric parameters measured in our investigations, which were not used for the present examination were provided to the software program Fordisc for its reference data to enhance the range of its usability for identification of unknown skulls or partial skulls of European individuals.
Pattern of SQSTM1 Gene Variants in a Hungarian Cohort of Paget’s Disease of Bone
Authors: Donáth Judit , Balla Bernadett , Pálinkás Márton , Rásonyi Rita , Vastag Gyula , Alonso Nerea , Prieto Beatriz Larraz , Vallet Mahéva , Ralston Stuart H. , Poór Gyula
Published: September 2020

Paget’s disease of bone (PDB) is characterized by focal or multifocal increase in bone turnover. One of the most well-established candidate genes for susceptibility to PDB is Sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1). Mutations in SQSTM1 have been documented among Western-European, British and American patients with PDB. However, there is no information on SQSTM1 mutation status in PDB patients from the Central- and Eastern-European regions. In this study, we conducted a mutation screening for SQSTM1 gene variants in 82 PDB patients and 100 control participants in Hungary. Mutations of SQSTM1 were detected in 18 PDB patients (21.95%); associations between genotype and clinical characteristics were also analyzed. Altogether, six different exonic alterations, including two types of UTR variants in the SQSTM1 gene, were observed in our PDB patients. Similarly, to previous genetic studies on Paget’s disease, our most commonly detected variant was the c.1175C > T (p.Pro392Leu) in nine cases (four in monostotic and five in polyostotic form). We have surveyed the germline SQSTM1 variant distribution among Hungarian patients with PDB. We also highlighted that the pattern of the analyzed disease-associated pathophysiological parameters could partially discriminate PDB patients with normal or mutant SQSTM1 genotype. However, our findings also underline and strengthen that not solely SQSTM1 stands in the background of the complex PDB etiology.
Early Enteral Nutrition Could Reduce Risk of Recurrent Leakage After Definitive Resection of Anastomotic Leakage After Colorectal Cancer Surgery
Authors: Tian Weiliang , Xu Xin , Yao Zheng , Yang Fan , Huang Ming , Zhao Risheng , Zhao Yunzhao
Published: September 2020

Background

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of early enteral nutrition (EEN) after definitive resection of anastomotic leakage (DRAL) resulting from a sigmoid colon or rectal cancer radical resection.

Methods

This was a prospective cohort study performed at our center. From January 2014 to May 2016, every patient received a standard postoperative nutritional protocol (SPNP) after DRAL and was included into SPNP group. From June 2016 to December 2018, all patients received an EEN after DRAL and were included into EEN group. The effect of postoperative EEN was evaluated.

Results

There were a final total of 133 patients enrolled in our study. There were 70 patients in the SPNP group, and 63 patients in the EEN group. There were 12 cases (19.05%) with a recurrent leakage in the EEN group, and 28 cases (40%) in the SPNP group. The recurrent rate was associated with EEN (HR = 0.417, 95% CI 0.196–0.890, p = 0.024). The median defecation time in the EEN group was 5(4–7) days, while in the SPNP group was 7(6–8.25) days. The defecation was associated with EEN (HR = 1.588, 95% CI 1.080–2.336, p = 0.019), as well.

Conclusion

EEN could reduce the recurrent leakage rate and defecation time after definitive resection of anastomotic leakage resulting from sigmoid colon or rectal cancer radical resection.
Malrotation Correction in the Adult Population
Authors: Brungardt Joseph G. , Liebscher Sean C. , Schropp Kurt P.
Published: September 2020

Background

Malrotation is a congenital anomaly most often affecting the pediatric population. The Ladd procedure is the standard treatment for this pathology. Well‐studied in the pediatric population, large studies of the demographics and outcomes of patients who reach adulthood are lacking.

Methods

An analysis of the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP) database (2015–2018) was performed, capturing patients with a post‐operative diagnosis of malrotation and who underwent surgical correction with or without appendectomy, excluding those who underwent other major procedures such as colectomy. Baseline demographics and outcomes were compared. The primary outcome was mortality. Secondary outcomes such as length of stay and discharge destination were included.

Results

Two hundred twenty patients undergoing surgical correction of malrotation were captured, all of which were performed by a general surgeon under general anesthesia. One hundered and nine (49.55%) of these patients also underwent an appendectomy. Most of these patients were female (68.18%). Comorbidities and perioperative variables were clinically similar. Operative time was similar between the two groups (112 ± 86 vs. 98 ± 49 min, p = 0.1385). Thirty‐day mortality (1.36%), length of stay (4.79 ± 6.21 days), readmission rate (13.64%), wound infection (2.27%) and discharge destination (95.00% to home) were statistically similar between groups.

Conclusions

The data describes demographics and outcomes in adults undergoing Ladd procedures with and without appendectomy. Immediate outcomes may be equivalent regardless of incidental appendectomy. Further work is necessary to describe the population of adults with malrotation reaching adulthood.