bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Influência de Douhet na Luftwaffe na 2a Guerra Mundial
Authors: Noschang Júnior Júlio Cesar
Published: February 2025

Após a Primeira Guerra Mundial, que foi o primeiro conflito importante com envolvimento de aviões em diferentes formas de emprego, houve um desenvolvimento acelerado da aviação militar e civil em diversos países. Nessa época começaram a surgir os primeiros trabalhos sobre a forma de emprego do avião em combate. Um dos principais teóricos foi Giulio Douhet que em 1921 publicou o livro “O Domínio do Ar”, o qual tratava pela primeira vez sobre o uso estratégico da aviação e a criação de uma força aérea autônoma, desvinculada do exército e da marinha. Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar as principais ideias da obra de Giulio Douhet e buscando compará-las às características da Luftwaffe na II GM, de modo a verificar a influência das ideias de Douhet na formação da Luftwaffe no período que antecede o início da 2ª Guerra Mundial. Utilizando-se de análise qualitativa, baseado em pesquisa bibliográfica, comparou-se a formação e forma de emprego da Luftwaffe à Royal Air Force nos primeiros anos da 2ª Guerra Mundial. Esta pesquisa concluiu que as ideias de Douhet tiveram repercussão no Alto-Comando da Luftwaffe, influenciando tanto a formação quanto no emprego daquela força no conflito.
Exploring the Educational Significance of ‘Events’ in Social Studies Instruction
Authors: Hong Mi Hwa
Published: February 2025

This study aims to explore the relationship between social studies instruction and events in light of event discourse, and to examine their educational significance. An event is a momentary and unexpected occurrence that compels one to confront unique reasoning and sensations that cannot be understood by conventional principles. Through an encounter with an event, existence redirects its attention and will, ultimately leading to a new form of existence that is distinct from its prior state. Events prompt a focus on phenomena and issues occurring within the present classroom space—matters that cannot be addressed by conventional social studies lessons, such as specific concepts and solidified theories—thus encouraging the recognition of real-world social phenomena and issues that have previously been overlooked. In this process, the subject confronting the event undergoes a transformation through the cognitive process of grasping and ascribing meaning to the problem, evolving into a new form of existence. In social studies education, events serve as a medium for fostering the development of a proactive and engaged citizen. Therefore, events can be regarded as a critical educational tool for recognizing the complex relationships and issues between humans and the world. They are deeply connected to the process of becoming a newly informed citizen, formed through social studies education.
KLASIFIKACE SNOMED A MKN-10 V INFORMAČNÍCH SYSTÉMECH - AKTUÁLNÍ STAV POUŽITELNOSTI
Authors:   Ben Labor s.r.o. Ostrava-Vítkovice, Přádka Miroslav , Vaculová Jana ,   ÚKMPLG FN Ostrava
Published: February 2025

Příspěvek reflektuje aktuální stav implementace mezinárodních klasifikací SNOMED, MKN-10 a MKN-O-3 v informačních systémech ČR s akcentem na efektivitu transferu centrálně evidovaných dat. Současně navrhuje úpravy zabraňující chybovosti v přenosu dat s cílem dosáhnout uživatelsky komfortního uspořádání u povinných hlášení do Národního onkologického registru.
Friendship of Peoples: Constitutional Dimension
Authors:   Pushkin Leningrad State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Mamonov V.V.
Published: February 2025

The article is devoted to one of the important foundations of the constitutional development of Russia - the friendship of peoples. The article considers the constitutional regulation of peoples' friendship in the Soviet period of Russia's development, the impact on the strengthening of peoples' friendship of the provisions of the Constitution of the Russian Federation defining continuity in the development of the Russian state, support for compatriots living abroad. The study revealed gaps in the constitutional and legal regulation of friendship of peoples. A legal analysis of the issues of continuity in the development of the Russian state is given. The interpretation of the concept of "state-forming people" used in the Constitution of the Russian Federation is given. Proposals have been made to adjust the norms of legislation defining the state policy of the Russian Federation in relation to compatriots abroad. Strengthening the friendship of the peoples of Russia and promoting friendship with the peoples of other countries should be considered as a constitutional duty of a citizen. Ensuring the friendship of the peoples of Russia, as well as friendship with the peoples of other countries, is the responsibility of public authorities.
Asset Partitioning and Legal Personality
Authors:   Saint-­Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Ibragimov K.J.
Published: February 2025

The article is devoted to the problem of lack of legal personality of some separate property masses. The research proves the necessity to consider civil legal personality in a broad and narrow sense. It is established that isolated assets have legal personality in the broad sense, but formally have no legal personality. Possible reasons for non-recognition of formal legal personality are analyzed. The expediency of recognizing the legal personality of some types of segregated assets is substantiated.
“Some Necessary Iconoclasm”: Contesting Liberty in the Progressive Era
Authors: Kinney Brandon
Published: February 2025

During the Progressive Era, academics and theorists in positions of substantial institutional power engaged in an intellectual shift against the prevailing American political culture by challenging the ontological nature of liberty and the state. Owing to the belief that individuals were social creatures who could not exist outside of an organized society, these theorists rejected the theoretical underpinnings of natural rights and personal liberty and reconceived of freedom as something that was socially constituted rather than individually focused. Liberty was repositioned as a way for individuals to be the best members of society, not to pursue their own ends absent a restraining force. These intellectuals imagined a dynamic, progressive democracy that would respond to changing social and economic circumstances rather than a fixed constitution that protected individual and minority rights. In practice, reformers used this intellectual and linguistic shift to legitimize the era’s many moral crusades. They framed vices such as alcohol, cigarettes, and prostitution as deleterious to the socially constituted freedoms of the community and warranting the intervention of police power. Though progressive reformers were met with mixed success, the theoretical shift away from natural rights left a lasting legacy in the American political landscape.
Mathematical input-output analysis for economic impact assessment: A case study on local government's bridge construction project
Authors: Sahani Suresh Kumar , Sah Binod Kumar , Sahani Kameshwar , Das Rahul , Mahato Ashok Kumar
Published: February 2025

This paper explores the application of Input-Output Analysis (IOA) in evaluating the economic impacts of infrastructure projects, emphasizing its mathematical foundations. Using a hypothetical case study, the paper demonstrates how IOA, as a mathematics-based analytical tool, can help local governments assess the broader economic implications of building a new bridge. By incorporating direct effects, such as construction costs and job creation, and induced effects, such as local worker spending, the analysis reveals the total economic impact of the project. The method of research uses secondary data, such as government reports, regional economic indicators, and previous infrastructure evaluations, to estimate changes in employment, income, and value-added output. The findings highlight how IOA can provide valuable insights for policymakers to make informed decisions about public investments that stimulate local economies.
Assessment of the effectiveness of anti-inflammatory drugs in the treatment of generalized catarhral gingivitis
Authors: Serazetdinova A.R. , Eliseikina E.V. , Kopylova O.V. , Lukonina A.D.
Published: February 2025

The aim of the work was to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of anti-inflammatory drugs in the treatment of generalized catarrhal gingivitis in patients examined at the Department of Dentistry of the Mordovian State University named after N.P. Ogarev.
The examined patients were prescribed hygienic procedures, including professional oral hygiene, personal hygiene using individually selected hygiene products and the use of one of the three studied hygienic gels according to the appropriate scheme.
To assess the condition of patients before and after treatment, a specially designed questionnaire, the PMA gingivitis index, and the Schiller-Pisarev test were used.
Statistical processing of the results was performed using the Wilcokson T-test.
The results obtained confirmed the effectiveness of the applied hygienic procedures using the studied gels.
All-perovskite multijunction solar modules that circumvent drawbacks of wide-bandgap top cells
Authors: Takeda Yasuhiko , Yamanaka Ken-ichi , Kato Naohiko
Published: February 2025

All-perovskite double- and triple-junction solar modules using monolithically series-interconnected structures provide many advantages including high conversion efficiency, scalability, lightweight, flexibility, etc. However, the wide-bandgap (WBG) top cells currently suffer from insufficiently high efficiency and durability. We proposed module configurations to circumvent these drawbacks of the WBG cells, by introducing an additional design parameter unique to large-sized modules: the subcell-width ratio. The top and bottom modules are designed so that their maximal-power voltages are approximately the same by tuning the subcell widths, and parallel-connected in the voltage-matched (VM) configuration. Another configuration is series-connection of the current-matched (CM) submodules. These configurations yield approximately the same or higher efficiencies than the conventional modules in which all the subcells of the same width are directly series-connected, along with eliminating the I/Br-phase-segregation problem of the WBG cells. The VM or CM modules are selected depending on the remaining degradation factors of the WBG cells.
Grammar in College Liberal Arts Writing Courses
Authors: Kim Nammee
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study is to explore new possibilities for grammar instruction that can enhance students' competencies in university-level writing courses. It underscores the need to expand the scope of grammar education in writing instruction and discusses its principles and directions. In particular, it emphasizes the importance of teaching students to engage in the process of qualitatively refining their prior thoughts through awareness and intentionality of metalinguistic activity.
This paper advocates for extending the role of grammar education beyond merely recognizing "language about language" embedded in students' previous texts. Instead, it argues for enabling students to consciously engage with and regulate the cognitive activities involved in producing such language. By doing so, grammar instruction can be reframed as a tool that fosters not only linguistic accuracy but also a reflective and intentional approach to writing.
True writing proficiency, it contends, can be cultivated when students apply metalinguistic awareness and intentionality to their writing processes, thereby elevating the quality of their thinking and discovering new macrostructural frameworks for their texts. Recognizing the hierarchical relationships among linguistic forms and exploring the new meanings they generate is central to this process. Such recognition serves as the foundation for expanded authorial intentionality, enabling students to achieve qualitative openness in their writing. This reflective process represents the realization of intentionality in writing education.
Advanced Learners' Perceptions of Using Generative AI in Korean Writing Classes
Authors: Park Jeong-ah
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the perceptions of advanced Korean learners regarding the use of generative AI, specifically ChatGPT, in writing instruction. To achieve this, learners participated in a semester-long writing course integrating ChatGPT as a learning tool. The findings indicate a significant increase in writing confidence compared to the beginning of the semester, with learners reporting substantial benefits in idea generation and vocabulary acquisition. However, challenges arose when ChatGPT’s feedback did not align with the learners' intentions, often providing overly detailed explanations or using vocabulary beyond their proficiency level. Despite these limitations, the study highlights the potential of generative AI to support self-directed learning when combined with teacher feedback. This research underscores the advantages and limitations of generative AI in Korean writing education and suggests that a blended feedback approach integrating AI and human instruction can enhance learning outcomes. The results offer valuable insights for incorporating AI tools into future Korean language curricula.
HISTORITAS PERKEMBANGAN HADIS (DARI PERIODE KLASIK HINGGA KONTEMPORER)
Authors: Junaid bin Junaid  , Muh. Nasruddin A
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
The history of the study of hadith from time to time experienced a very significant development, initially the study of hadith from oral to oral developed into writing, the change was nothing but a form of concern for the loss of the Prophet's traditions, the development of hadith reached its peak when entering the tabiin period precisely the reign of Caliph Umar bin Abdul Aziz, where hadith at this time was officially codified in order to overcome the spread of false traditions pioneered by the perpetrators of heresy. Furthermore, after the hadith was codified its development became very rapid, with the birth of canonical books of hadith until the emergence of terms of hadith scholarship that were oriented as hadith selectors (sanad criticism of hadith) and hadith sharh books appeared as explanations of the Prophet's traditions. Until the next period, the study of hadith shifted not only to sanad criticism but has entered criticism of the matan. Even along with the times that have entered the digital era, hadith began to be packaged in order to present the study of hadith more easily.
 
ABSTRAK
Sejarah kajian hadis dari masa ke masa mengalamai perkembangan yang sangat signifikan, mulanya kajian hadis dari lisan ke lisan berkembang menjadi tulisan, perubahan tersebut tak lain sebagai bentuk kekhawatiran akan hilangnya hadis-hadis Nabi SAW, perkembangan hadis mencapai puncaknya ketika memasuki periode tabiin tepatnya pemerintahan khalifah Umar bin Abdul Aziz, dimana hadis pada masa ini resmi dikodifikasi guna menanggulangi tersebarnya hadis-hadis palsu yang di pelopori oleh para pelaku bid’ah. Lebih lanjut, setelah hadis dikodifikasi perkembanganya menjadi sangat pesat, dengan lahirnya kitab-kitab kanonik hadis hingga muncul term-term keilmuan hadis yang berorientasi sebagai penyeleksi hadis (kritik sanad hadis) serta muncul pula kitab-kitab syarh hadis sebagai penjelas hadis-hadis Nabi SAW. Hingga periode selanjutnya kajian hadis beralih tidak hanya berkutat pada kritik sanad melainkan sudah memasuki kritik terhadap matan. Bahkan seiring dengan perkembangan zaman yang sudah memasuki era digital, hadis mulai di kemas di dalamnya guna menghadirkan pengkajian hadis dengan lebih mudah.
MONPERA DALAM MEMORI KOLEKTIF MASYARAKAT KOTA PALEMBANG TAHUN 1945-1947
Authors: Sartikah Sartikah
Published: February 2025

The monument to the people's struggle in the city of Palembang or what is often known and referred to as MONPERA is a silent witness to the people's struggle to seize and defend Indonesia's independence from the Dutch colonialists. MONPERA has a collective memory that is very important for the people of Palembang city. And the aim of this research is to find out how the monument of the people's struggle is in the collective memory of the people of Palembang city in 1945-1947. The method used in this research is the historical method, the first step is (hiuristic) data collection, namely in the form of primary data and secondary data. taken from journals and books. The next step (verification) of data is sorting valid data, and the next step is (interpretation) history or historical interpretation of the data that has been collected, and the final step is (historiography) or writing history. And the results of this research show that MONPERA in the collective memory of the people of Palembang city has a very important memory and needs to be understood by the people, not only as a form of monument but at least it must be a memory to reveal the memory of the past as a form of struggle of the people of Palembang city against the Dutch colonialists. Or against colonialism in Palembang.
A NATION IN FLUX: MIGRATION, ISLAM AND THE REDEFINITION OF GERMAN NATIONAL IDENTITY
Authors: Alamshah Anisah , Suarayah  , Syamsadduha Saleh  , Yasse Mulla Shadra
Published: February 2025

Germany, being the Western nation with the largest Muslim population in Europe - estimated at approximately 5.3 to 5.6 million people based on 2021 data from the Federal Office for Migration and Refugees (BAMF) - has implemented highly restrictive and exclusive government policies toward Muslim immigrants. As a result, Islamophobia cases frequently grab headlines in German media, closely linked to the breakdown of multicultural policies that have fostered a negative portrayal of Islam. These cases often serve as manifestations of societal tensions and prejudices, exacerbating the perception of Muslims as the ‘other’ within German society. Based on descriptive research that depicts ongoing phenomena and aims to uncover the roots of discrimination in Germany, the study results indicate that through a deeper historical examination, Germany indeed has significant interactions with the Muslim world despite not having colonies. Multiculturalism in Germany, contrasting with its history, is believed to have emerged after World War II. A labor shortage prompted a substantial influx of immigrants, primarily from Africa, seeking work opportunities. Many arrived with their families, belonging to African ethnic groups and practicing Islam, contributing to the diverse fabric of Germany. This immigration-induced diversity played a pivotal role in shaping Germany into a multicultural society. As the immigrant populace continued to grow, its presence exerted influences on societal, political, and cultural landscapes. Social disparities between locals and immigrants sparked tensions, culminating in conflicts within shared living spaces and resulting in discriminatory and racist behaviors
MANUVER IRAN DALAM KONTESTASI GEOPOLITIK DI TIMUR TENGAH PASCA REVOLUSI ISLAM
Authors: Abdalla Aufa Ulil Abshar , Said Ghozali , Rubaidi
Published: February 2025

Hari demi hari, Iran terus melancarkan serangan terhadap pangkalan AS, mengancam posisi AS di Timur Tengah. Sejak Revolusi Islam di Iran pada tahun 1979 yang menggulingkan monarki Iran di bawah pemerintahan Mohammad Reza Pahlavi yang diketahui mendapat tekanan imperialisme AS, hubungan Iran-AS semakin memburuk. Meski menghadapi banyak sanksi dari AS, Iran, meski menjadi salah satu negara yang paling terkena sanksi di dunia, berhasil memperkuat pengaruhnya di Timur Tengah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis kualitatif literatur politik, ekonomi, dan sosial. Temuan penelitian ini mengungkap keterlibatan Iran dalam perang proksi, sehingga memungkinkan Iran memperluas pengaruhnya di Timur Tengah ke Irak, Suriah, Yaman, Lebanon, dan Palestina.
GERAKAN ISLAM DI INDONESIA: SEJARAH FUNDAMENTALISME DAN RADIKALISME DARI ERA KOLONIAL HINGGA PASCA REFORMASI
Authors: Ardi Suardi Kaco. H , Sumarni
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini membahas tentang sejarah gerakan fundamentalisme dan radikalisme di Indonesia, dari era Kolonial hingga pasca reformasi. Untuk mengungkap dan menganalisis data-data mengenai hal itu, maka penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kepustakaan dengan pendekatan historis dan sosiologis. Dalam temuan penelitian ini, menunjukkan bahwa Gerakan fundamentalisme dan radikalisme mulai muncul dan berkembang sejak zaman kolonialisme Belanda hingga pasca Reformasi, dengan organisasi dan pola gerakan yang berbeda-beda, namun memiliki tujuan yang sama, yaitu menegakkan khilafah Islamiyah (negara Islam). Penyebab munculnya selain karena pemahaman keagamaan tekstual-simbolik sebagai faktor utama, juga adanya faktor pendukung, seperti politik, ekonomi, sosial, dan budaya
Kajian Yuridis Pelayanan Telemedisin Dalam Memberikan Perlindungan Data Pribadi Pasien
Authors: Wulan Damasus Darma , Tambun Jerry G. , Efrila Efrila , Toruan Anggiat Lumban
Published: February 2025

Transformasi digital dalam layanan kesehatan memasuki era disruptif, Pelayanan kesehatan berfokus pada penggunaan dan pemanfaatan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK) sehingga menjadikan dokter dan pasien tidak lagi harus bertatap muka pada suatu ruang klinik yang sama tetapi bisa melakukan pelayananan kesehatan jarak jauh menggunakan Telemedisin. pengaturan hukum tentang pelayanan telemedisin menurut hukum positif di indonesia sudah  di atur dalam Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 20 Tahun 2019 Tentang Penyelenggaraan Pelayanan telemedisin Antar Fasilitas  Pelayanan Kesehatan dan Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2023 tentang kesehatan, dalam pasal 1 Ayat (22) telah mencantumkan dan mengatur tentang Telemedisin. Pengaturan teknis yang ada saat ini lebih fokus pada pelayanan Telemedisin antar fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan sedangkan pelayanan Telemedisin yang dilakukan oleh beberapa aplikasi platform kesehatan saat ini yang diberikan secara lansung antar pemberi layanan kesehatan dan pasien secara digital belum memiliki instrumen atau regulasi yang mengatur sehingga akan berdampak pada masalah hukum, Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia, WHO mengingatkan: “Perlu disadari bahwa penggunaan telemedisin berpotensi menimbulkan berbagai masalah antara lain: terjadinya kebocoran data medis pasien, adanya pihak yang tidak berhak dapat mengakses data medis pasien, staf yang tidak terampil atau belum terlatih, perangkat yang digunakan kurang aman dari pencurian data, lemahnya kontrol dan pengawasan terhadap pengguna sistim. Persoalan perlindungan data pribadi muncul karena keprihatinan  terhadap pelanggaran Data Pribadi yang dapat dialami oleh orang dan/atau badan hukum. pelangaran tersebut dapat menimbukan kerugian materil dan non materil, sehingga pemerintah menerbitkan Undang-Undang nomor 27 Tahun 2022 tentang Perlindungan Data Pribadi, dalam memberikan perlindungan data pribadi pasien dalam melakukan pelayanan Telemedisin.
Kesadaran Hukum Odontologi Forensik
Authors: Nindyasari Darra Ayu , Silitonga Vera Dumonda , Suswantoro Tri Agus
Published: February 2025

Odontologi forensik adalah cabang ilmu kedokteran gigi yang berkaitan dengan aplikasi ilmu kedokteran gigi dalam bidang hukum. Kesadaran hukum odontologi forensik merupakan hal yang penting bagi para praktisi odontologi, terutama bagi para dokter gigi umum. Kesadaran hukum odontologi forensik akan membantu para praktisi odontologi untuk memahami peran mereka dalam proses penegakan hukum, serta untuk menghindari kesalahan yang dapat berakibat pada proses hukum. Jurnal ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran hukum odontologi forensik di kalangan praktisi odontologi di Indonesia. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini yaitu 1) Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kesadaran hukum odontologi forensik di Indonesia dan 2) Peran Odontologi Forensik dalam mengidentifikasi Identitas Korban Pembunuhan? Jenis Penelitian yang akan dipakai dalam penulisan jurnal ini adalah yuridis- normatif. Yuridis-Normatif digunakan untuk menganalisis permasalahan yang dilihat sebagai perilaku masyarakat yang berpola dalam kehidupan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kualitatif, dengan demikian termasuk dalam kategori penelitian kualitatif. Hasil analisis dari penelitian ini adalah Kesadaran hukum odontologi forensik adalah pengetahuan dan pemahaman tentang pentingnya ilmu odontologi forensik dalam bidang hukum. Kesadaran hukum ini penting dimiliki oleh berbagai pihak, mulai dari masyarakat umum, aparat penegak hukum, hingga profesional di bidang odontology dan Kasus-kasus tindak pidana seperti pembunuhan, penganiayaan dan perkosaan merupakan contoh kasus dimana penyidik membutuhkan bantuan tenaga ahli seperti dokter ahli forensik atau dokter ahli lainnya, untuk memberikan keterangan medis tentang kondisi korban yang selanjutnya cukup berpengaruh bagi tindakan penyidik dalam mengungkap lebih lanjut kasus tersebut.
دور محطات الوزن المحورية في حل مشاكل النقل الحضري في النجف طريق نجف كربلاء حالة دراسية
Authors: الجشعمي المدرس الدكتور سامر هادي , كاظم عمر جواد
Published: February 2025

بحثت هذه الدراسة التدهور الكبير في منظومة شبكة الطرق في محافظة النجف الأشرف ، لاسيَما بعد دخول أعداد كبيرة من المركبات وخاصة مركبات الشحن ذات الحمولات العالية مع أزدياد الطلب على المواد الأولية الأنشائية والنشاط الأقتصادي وحركة التبادل تجاري ، الأمر الذي أدى الى تخريب و تدمير شبكة الطرق بشكل كبير وأحتياجها بأستمرار الى عمليات صيانة دورية وعلى مستوى أصنافها كافة ، لذا تتطلب المحافظة عليها أتخاذ السبل الكفيلة للحد من الأضرار التي تلحقها المركبات ذات الحمولات المحورية الزائدة على البُنى التحتية للطرق التي تحتاج الى رؤوس أموال كبيرة في التصميم والأنشاء والصيانة و لذي جعل منها شبكة ذات فاعلية قليلة وكفاءة وأستيعابية متدنية فضلاً عن الآثار البيئية والحوادث المرورية ، لذا جاءت هذه الدراسة لمعالجة هذا الواقع ، ووضع النتائج التي يتم التوصل اليها والحلول امام الجهات ذات العلاقة بالظاهرة المدروسة ، من أجل الأخذ بها والأرتقاء بمنظومة شبكة النقل وتوفير الطرق المعبدة و المستوية والخالية من الخراب وتلافي مشاكل النقل خاصة إذا أعتمدت على تطبيقات تكنولوجية وأنظمة ذكية حديثة في الحد من هذه المشاكل .
Study of Distribution of ABO and Rh Blood Groups among First Year Medical Students in Dinajpur Medical College, Dinajpur, Bangladesh
Authors: Quddus Md. Abdul , Sultana Naznin , Begum Mst. Mostana Nazma , Alim Abdul
Published: February 2025

The ABO and Rh blood group systems are fundamental to the fields of transfusion medicine and blood banking, with the ABO system's discovery by Karl Landsteiner in 1900 marking a significant milestone in these domains. The distribution of ABO and Rh blood groups significantly varies across different populations and is crucial for effective blood bank management and transfusion services. A cross-sectional study was conducted on first year MBBS medical students in the Dinajpur Medical College, Dinajpur, Bangladesh from January to December 2021. Total of 120 medical students, 40 males and 80 females, samples were collected by finger prick method under aseptic precautions. The ABO blood grouping and Rhesus factors (Rh) typing determined by glass slide method, which is based on antigen antibody agglutination. ABO blood group system classifies blood groups of people into four different types namely A, B, O and AB. The need for the study of frequency distribution of blood group is multipurpose. Out of total 120 participants 80 were female students and 40 were male students. Among the most common blood group was O (42.5%) followed by B (29.2%), A (16.6%), AB (11.6%). 80.8 % students were Rh positive and 19.2 % were Rh negative and O + is (30.8%) commonest blood group among 120 students and A- and AB – are rarest blood groups (1.6%). This study may enable us to contact individuals belonging to a particular blood group at times of medical emergencies when blood transfusion is required. Knowledge of blood group distribution is important for clinical studies, for reliable geographical information, blood bank management and for forensic studies in the population. Such a study would create awareness about self-blood grouping and also enable one to prepare a database of the available blood groups which can be utilized during medical emergencies for safe blood transfusion.
Recalibrating Zambia through Linguistic Choices: A Faircloughian Microanalysis of Hakainde Hichilema’s Inaugural Speech as the 7th President of the Republic of Zambia
Authors: Kasozwe Aurice , Kapau Humphrey M. , Siame Pethias
Published: February 2025

This enquiry undertook a critical discourse analysis (CDA) of President Hakainde Hichilema’s inaugural speech rendered as a text on 24th August, 2021 at Heroes Stadium in Lusaka, Zambia. The research was a micro-level analysis of linguistic features prevalent in the inaugural speech, and the collective and individual significance of linguistic choices made in the context of the text and to Zambia as a whole. Considering the multi-faceted theoretical disposition of CDA, the study utilised Fairclough’s (1989) 3 Dimensional (3D) Model to CDA which proposes a textual connectivity of discourse at three-levels of analysis. The study appealed to the descriptive research design encompassing the qualitative approach complemented by the quantitative approach nested in the constructivist and positivist paradigms of reality and knowledge generation. The findings of the study established that President Hichilema used conjunctions, auxiliaries, pronouns, antonyms and synonyms but never used any collocations or proverbs. It was further established that Hichilema’s use of each type of linguistic feature had some significance. Overall, conjunctions were used to talk about beings of the same status and to connect ideas, reveal mutual inclusiveness, add ideas, show gratitude to both local and international observers, manifest two opposite states of affairs, give confidence to his audience to accept him as the new president of Zambia, and assert the cause of change in government. Auxiliaries were used to express lamentations and commitment to promises made. Furthermore, pronouns were used in the inaugural speech to show confidence and command, express possessiveness and avoid discoursal repetition. Antonyms and synonyms were chosen to show negation and comparison. In addition, the numerical analysis revealed that Hichilema was statistically intentional in his use of coordinating conjunctions, first-person plural pronouns and synonyms. The findings of the study connote that inaugural speeches are unique and serve different purposes according to their context.
The Adverse Effects of COVID-19 Vaccine on Students and Staff of Saint James School of Medicine
Authors: Jazieh Omar , Jazieh Ibrahim , Nadithe Laxman Reddy , Satyanarayana Namani , Sunitha Paripelli , Gadireddy Sreenivasa
Published: February 2025

COVID-19 is a global pandemic declared by WHO, which has contracted more than 500 million people. Existing data on adverse effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines among university students are limited. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of adverse effects that may arise from administering COVID-19 vaccines to university students in Saint James School of Medicine. An online survey study was conducted among students from Saint Vincent Campus of SJSM to assess types of adverse effects of COVID-19 vaccines received by the students. Of the 34 participants, 8 (23.5%) received the Johnson & Johnson vaccine, 9 (26.5%) received Moderna, 16 (47.1%) received Pfizer, and one (2.9%) received Sputnik. Pain was the most common adverse effect for both doses, reported by 62.5% of Johnson & Johnson, 50% of Moderna, and 56.3% of Pfizer recipients. Swelling and redness were more frequently reported among Moderna (44.4% and 33.3%) and Pfizer (37.5% and 31.3%) recipients for both doses. Generalized adverse effects like fatigue and muscle aches were also common across doses. Fatigue was reported by 55.6% of Moderna and 37.5% of Pfizer recipients, while muscle aches were noted in 55.6% of Moderna and 46.9% of Pfizer recipients. Most adverse effects occurred within 24-48 hours, were more frequent and severe after the first dose compared to the second and resolved without the need for hospital treatment. Students experienced different adverse effects depending on the type COVID-19 vaccine doses. The effects were generally mild and were less common after the second dose than the first. There is a significant difference for redness in second dose for local reactions when compared between genders.
Life after Menopause: A Review of Quality of Life Indicators
Authors: Mahadevaswamy R. K. , S Manasa, H. , N Renukadevi, D.
Published: February 2025

Menopause marks a significant transition in a woman's life, characterized by the cessation of menstruation and reproductive capabilities. This review examines post-menopausal quality of life (QoL) indicators across physical, psychological, sexual, and social dimensions. Challenges such as vasomotor symptoms, mood fluctuations, and sexual dysfunction are prevalent. However, interventions including lifestyle changes, healthcare support, and psychosocial strategies can enhance the overall experience of post-menopausal women. Understanding these determinants is critical for healthcare professionals to meet women's needs and improve outcomes during this phase.
A Proposal to Replace the Hearsay Rules
Authors: Friedman Richard
Published: February 2025

This essay proposes a set of rules to replace entirely the 800 series of the Federal Rules of Evidence, the hearsay rules, with a very different, and relatively compact, set of procedural rules. (The current hearsay rules run over 3000 words; the proposed rules run under 1000.) The change will improve truth-determination, make trials more efficient, and better protect the rights of criminal defendants and other parties. There would, of course, be some adjustment period for lawyers and judges as they get accustomed to a different system, but I am confident that it would soon be easier to administer than the system we have now. The basic perception underlying this proposal is that a core of the hearsay rule should be preserved by a stringent exclusionary rule and that, beyond that core, the law should be far more receptive to hearsay than it is now. That core is the principle that witnesses, particularly those who testify against an accused, must, absent consent, give their testi- mony subject to an opportunity for cross-examination and under other prescribed conditions. Crawford v. Washington establishes that principle as a matter of constitutional law when the evidence is offered against an accused, but I believe that the principle applies, albeit with lesser force, in other contexts. Hearsay statements that are not testimonial, and indeed other conduct that is offered to prove the truth of a belief assertedly held by the actor, do not pose this problem. In some settings there might be good ground to exclude such evidence, but there is no need for a complex, categorical body of doctrine to govern the area. The introduction to this essay explains why making such a dramatic change is justified and outlines the general ideas underlying the proposal. I then present each proposed rule and detailed comments in conjunction with each one. The aim of this essay is simply to present and explain what I consider to be an ideal replacement for the current body of hearsay law. In drafting the proposal, I have made many subsidiary choices in addition to the most significant ones. Of course, if any jurisdiction does decide to revise its hearsay law along the lines I propose, its ultimate codification may differ in many respects, both large and small, from the one I present here.
Study of regularities of formation of zirconium dioxide coating from hollow microspheres by plasma spraying
Authors: Tsareva I.N. , Krivina L.A. , Berdnik O.B. , Razov E.N. , Moskvichev А.A.
Published: February 2025

Powder material of the Metco 204B-NS brand with a spherical morphology of particles in the form of hollow microspheres with a dispersion of 22 to 45 microns was studied and tested as a source material for high-energy plasma spraying of a heat-protective coating. Using X-ray phase and microstructural analysis methods, it was established that the powder has a fine grain structure and a phase composition based on the tetragonal phase of zirconium dioxide. Derivatographic studies showed the phase stability of the powder up to a temperature of ∼1500 °C. When plasma spraying of a powder material, a coating with a single-phase composition is formed, with a columnar structure of grains in the interlayers, with a Vickers hardness HV = 8.25 GPa and surface roughness Ra = 3.0 µm. The experimental coating is recommended for thermal protection of parts of the hot path of gas turbines operating under extreme conditions of exposure to high temperatures (up to 1000 °C) and aggressive gas environments.
APPLICATION OF SEXED SEMEN IN DAIRY CATTLE
Authors: Gavrilov Boris , Koval' Ivan , Bogatyr' Maksim , Celikova Anastasiya
Published: February 2025

The state and level of reproduction, including cattle, in modern changing conditions indicates the need to revise the main directions in the work on artificial insemination. The problems that have arisen due to the reduced integration of foreign technologies into our livestock farming and the artificial restriction of access to innovative technologies dictate the need for a careful assessment of existing problems and the search for opportunities to solve them. It is necessary to restore and create our own production base with the introduction of existing developments and the development of foreign experience in the field of artificial insemination to obtain offspring with a certain given sex. An integrated approach is needed to solve emerging problems. This is not only the provision of adequate feeding and exercise for reared heifers, bringing them to the anatomical and physiological parameters for insemination at 13–14 months, but also the development of a more advanced - accelerated technology for separating X- and Y-sperm with minimal negative effects that reduce quality indicators. It is important to understand the properties of sexed sperm obtained by various technological methods; there is also a need for methods for assessing it at different stages in the separation process and the effectiveness of insemination, taking into account the influence of various external negative production factors during use. Possible methods for assessing and separating viable sperm from those unsuitable for use, before preparation and after separation, are considered. Possible directions for the development of technology are reflected, taking into account existing scientific domestic and foreign developments. Available information is provided on the technological stages of the already used process of sexing the sperm of farm animals and its production evaluation. The features of using such sperm to obtain high fertility of animals in industrial animal husbandry are highlighted.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT MINERAL FERTILIZERS’ FORMS ON THE ABILITY OF THE NITROGEN ACCUMULATION, YIELD AND GRAIN QUALITY OF WHITE LUPIN
Authors: Slesareva Tat'yana , Zaitseva Natalya
Published: February 2025

Improving of technique of fertilizers’ application at white lupin cultivation which aimed increase of symbiotic nitrogen accumulation, productivity and products quality is an actual task in solution of the problem of protein deficit. The tests have been done on light gray forest soils in the South-West part of the Non-Chernozem zone of Russia in Bryansk region in 2018–2020. The tests’ objects were white lupin variety Michurinskyi and fertilizers. Arable horizon had low humus content, high phosphorus content and increased potassium content. The tests’ results demonstrated the highest response of white lupin to the potassium application as the fertilizer Kaliy mag. The potassium in the dose 70 kg/ha as active substance resulted in increase of accumulation of dry plant mass and root system per a plant to the brilliant pod stage by 14.5 % and 57.4% respectively compared to the standard variant. In this case a part of the atmospheric nitrogen fixed by the white lupin is by 6.9 % higher at total admission compared to the standard. The yield increase level made 0.95 t/ha; raw protein content in seeds increased by 7.0 % compared to the variant free of fertilizers. The combined application of Kaliy mag as the main one and the complex fertilizer Aquarin on the green leaves enhanced the positive effect of this technique.The application of the fertilizers with the sulfur in their content had the positive effect on the ability of the nitrogen accumulation, productivity and products quality of white lupin.
THE ROLE OF GRASS CROP ROTATION IN THE FOOTHILLS OF THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH OSSETIA – ALANIA
Authors: Mamiev Dmitriy
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the study is to identify the effect of grass crop rotation crops on the physical, agrobiological parameters of soils and on crop productivity in the forest-steppe zone of North Ossetia – Alania. Objectives: to study the structural and aggregate composition of the soil; to determine the volumetric mass of soil under crop rotation crops; to identify the general biological activity of the soil, the effect of crop rotation on their productivity. The object of the study is grass crop rotation cultures. The studies were conducted in 2020–2022 in the field stationary crop rotation of the SKNIIGPSH VSC RAS in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Russian North Ossetia – A. The soil of the experimental plot is represented by leached chernozems on pebbles, where humus ranges from 3.4 to 4.7 %. The experiments were carried out in triplicate. The area of the experimental plots is 100 m2, and the registration plot is 96 m2. It was established that at the beginning of the growing season, the blocky fraction under rotation crops varied from 13.50 to 50.10 %, and soil lumps from 0.25 to 10 mm (macrostructure) – from 49.40 to 82.60 %, fraction < 0 .25mm – from 1.80 to 8.0 %. The structure coefficient varied from 2.22 % (corn) to 2.49 % (oats + clover). Research has proven that leached chernozems contain from 45.0 to 66.5 % of aggregates that resist the erosive action of water, due to which these soils have a good structure. Over the years of research on oats + clover crops (on average 0–30 cm soil layer), the soil density was 0.95 g/cm3 at the beginning of the growing season, 1.19 g/cm3 during the period of intensive growth, 1.22 g/cm3 – at the end of the growing season. This trend is evident in all crop rotations. In our research on the collection of feed units, the grass link of the crop rotation was highlighted, where the total indicator was 15.05 t/ha, and in the row crop link of the crop rotation – 13.12 t/ha. The highest indicators of metabolic energy in the grass section of the crop rotation were obtained for winter wheat and amounted to 4.76 GJ/ha, and in the row crop link for grain corn – 8.13 GJ/ha.
NEW APPROACHES IN DOMESTIC FORAGE PRODUCTION AND THEIR IMPACT ON CATTLE PRODUCTIVITY
Authors: Vitkovskaya Viktoria , Kaledina Marina , Baidina Inna , Voloshchenko L
Published: February 2025

The purpose of research is to study the influence of domestic plant components in the form of dry pumpkin and carrots in diets on the productivity and physiological state of cattle. Objectives: to study the effect of dried carrots and pumpkin in diets on milk production, milk quality, reproductive function and the physiological state of Holstein cows. The study was conducted in the Belgorod Region in the agricultural production complex Collective Farm named after Gorin. The object of the study is lactating Holstein cows after calving. 2 groups of animals were selected: 1st control and 2nd experimental (dairy cows after calving) of 10 animals each. The control group was fed diets accepted on the farm, and the experimental group was additionally given dry carrot and pumpkin concentrate in dosages approved by the standards (for dairy cows in the amount of 60 g per head per day for 90 days). During the study, the animals were examined and their physiological condition was monitored. An increase in the average daily milk yield of cows in the experimental group was observed – 32.8 ± 1.11 kg versus 30.2 ± 1.22 kg in the control, or by 8.6 % compared to the control; increase in milk fat content by 7.5 %; increase in the vitamin composition of milk with vitamins A, B, C, K; improvement of reproductive function (the onset of the first heat 5 days earlier, a decrease in the insemination index). Based on the results obtained, we recommend using dried carrot and pumpkin concentrate in the diets of lactating cows.
B-GLUCANS CONTENT IN BARLEY AND OAT TALGAN MADE FROM SPROUTED GRAINS
Authors: Sumina Alena , Polonsky Vadim
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the study is to determine the content of β-glucans in grain raw materials at different stages of production of the Khakass national product talgan, made from sprouted grains of barley and oats. The object of the study is unvaried grain of barley and oats, grown in the conditions of Eastern Siberia of the Republic of Khakassia in 2019. The grain was purified from foreign impurities and germinated according to the method described in RF patent No. 2463809. First, the purified grain was washed under running water, then kept in high air humidity at room temperature for three days for oats, and two for barley until roots appear about 0.5 mm. Then the sprouted grain was dried and roasted at a temperature of 180 to 200 °C for 10–15 minutes, then crushed and sifted through a 0.9 mm mesh sieves. The result was a food grain product - talgan. At each stage of production, enzymatic measurement of β-glucan content was carried out in accordance with the well-known Megazyme AOAC Method 995.16 AACC Method 32-23. During grain germination, the content of β-glucans in barley decreased significantly (by 40%), and in oats - by 6%. The second stage of grain processing (roasting) had a negative effect on the concentration of these chemicals. The third stage (crushing and separation of films) had an insignificant effect on the content of β-glucans in both crops. In general, the decrease in the content of β-glucans in the final product talgan, which occurs when the grain raw material goes through all three stages of its processing, is about 50 % for barley, almost 25 % for oats. As a result of a two-factor analysis of variance of data on the content of β-glucans during the production of talgan, it was established that the technological stage had the greatest influence on the content of these substances (almost 68%), the contribution of the type of plant raw material was about 7 %, and the interaction of these factors was 25.5 %.
INFLUENCE OF TREATMENT OF PEAT-GLEY SOIL ON THE WATER AND THERMAL REGIME AND YIELD OF POTATOES UNDER THE NORTHERN TRANS-URALS CONDITIONS
Authors: Motorin Aleksandr
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the study is to establish the influence of the depth of plowing of peaty-gley soil on the water and temperature regime, and potato yield. A study of the influence of the depth of cultivation of peaty-gley soil on the water-thermal regime and potato yield was carried out in 2014–2016 in the Tarmanskoye lowland swamp in the forest-steppe zone of the Northern Trans-Urals. As a result of the study, a decrease in moisture capacity in a 0.2-meter layer of peaty-gley soil was established by 17.2–34.7 %. This was facilitated by the enrichment of mineral soil during plowing to a depth of 0.27–0.37 m. At a depth of 0.2–0.4 m, moisture capacity increases by 5.5–13.4 % due to the organic matter of peat. Deep plowing (0.37 m) ensured an increase in moisture reserves in the 0.5 m layer from 0.6 HB at the control (0.22 m) to the upper limit of the optimum (0.9 HB). In the lower part of the soil profile (0.6–1.0 m), moisture reserves did not depend on the plowing depth. The maximum changes in soil temperature were established in plots with plowing of 0.15 m of mineral soil, where it increased on average by 0.6–0.7 °C over the years of study. The most significant differences in soil warming were noted in the first half of the growing season (1.1–1.2 °C). Potato yield on peaty-gley soil depends on the plowing depth: 0.22 m – 26.69 t; 0.27 m – 29.15 t (9.2 %); 0.32 m – 30.11 (12.8); 0.37 m – 32.45 t/ha (21.6 %). The starch content in potato tubers of the Nevsky variety increases compared to the control at a plowing depth of 0.37 m from 11.3 to 13.4 %.