bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Niveles de Vitamina D en pacientes con y sin Enfermedad Renal Crónica, perfil clínico y epidemiológico: un análisis preeliminiar en un hospital de segundo nivel en quito, Ecuador.
Authors: Benítez-Baldassari André , León-Hernández Estefanía , Banegas-Sarmiento Andrea , Aguayo-Moscoso Santiago , Vélez-Paéz Jorge Luis
Published: November 2024

La vitamina D se ha asociado con diferentes efectos no relacionados con el metabolismo óseo-mineral, como
su asociación con la hipertensión arterial. Este estudio determina el perfil de prevalencia de la deficiencia e
insuficiencia de vitamina D en pacientes ecuatorianos, su perfil epidemiológico y su relación con otras enfermedades como la hipertensión arterial, la diabetes mellitus y la enfermedad renal crónica. Este es un estudio
pionero en Ecuador de tipo retrospectivo, llevado a cabo en el Hospital Pablo Arturo Suárez durante 6 meses, en el que se encontró que la prevalencia de insuficiencia de vitamina D fue del 28,5% (niveles entre 21 a
30 ng/ml) y la deficiencia fue del 57% (niveles inferiores a 20 ng/ml); Asimismo, ratificamos la relación inversa entre los niveles de vitamina D y la edad, además de encontrar cierta asociación entre los niveles de
vitamina D y la presencia de hipertensión arterial; mientras que no se encontraron diferencias significativas
en su relación con la diabetes mellitus, la enfermedad renal crónica sin el uso de terapia de reemplazo renal y
la población general.
Palabras clave: vitamina D, enfermedad renal crónica, metabolismo
Eficacia de Polipodium leucotomus en pacientes pediátricos con Xeroderma Pigmentoso
Authors: Alvarez - Montiel Iris , Félix Rivera Maria
Published: November 2024

El Xeroderma pigmentoso (XP), es una Geno dermatosis fotosensible a la radiación ultravioleta. Produce daño
irreparable al Ácido Desoxirribonucleico (ADN) favoreciendo la carcinogénesis. El Polypodium leucotomos
(PL) disminuye la mutación del ADN, mejora la carcinogénesis e inmunosupresión al conservar las células de
Langerhans. No existen estudios del uso del PL en pacientes con XP. Nuestro objetivo fue evaluar la eficacia
del PL al comparar la incidencia de cáncer y mejorar la inmunosupresión en pacientes pediátricos con XP mediante las diferencias en la medición células de Langerhans (CD1a). Se realizó un estudio prospectivo, cuasi
experimental de un brazo, en 8 pacientes pediátricos con diagnóstico clínico de XP en Hospital María Especialidades Pediátricas (HMEP) en Tegucigalpa, Honduras (agosto 2017 - agosto 2018). Se proporcionó PL 7.5
mg/kg en 2 dosis por 1 año y se realizaron 2 mediciones separadas durante este tiempo. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en las mediciones de las células de Langerhans antes (A) y después (B) del uso del PL. La
administración oral de PL demostró eficacia en pacientes pediátricos con XP, ya que conserva las células de
Langerhans, mejora la inmunosupresión y disminuye la carcinogénesis; por lo que podría considerarse una alternativa terapéutica preventiva y paliativa en los pacientes con XP.
Palabras claves: células de Langerhans, Polypodium leucotomus, Xeroderma Pigmentoso
Rosmarinus Officinalis: Phytochemical analysis and biological activities
Authors: Bencheikh Dalila , laichi Khawla , Herizi Chemseddine , Ahmed Azi Mebarka , khennouf Seddik , Dahamna Saliha
Published: November 2024

Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), a very abundant species in Algeria, is a medicinal plant belonging to the
Lamiaceae family, used for its various therapeutic effects. The present study was conducted to determine the
bioactive compounds and biological activities (antioxidant and antibacterial activities) of the aqueous extract
of the plant (EQRO). The sensitivity of the tested bacterial strains varies according to dilutions and bacterial
nature (Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli), which was determined using
the agar diffusion method. Meanwhile, the in vitro antioxidant activity was assessed using DPPH radical scavenging. EQRO showed high levels of polyphenols and flavonoid contents (455.10 µg EAG/mg extract; 7.33
µg EAQ / mg extract, respectively) with a yield of 14.47%. In addition, the plant extract revealed a significant
antioxidant activity as evidenced by the DPPH (IC50=0.128 mg/ml), which is close to that obtained by BHT.
Results showed a remarked antimicrobial effect against gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus). At
the same time, there was no significant effect on gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli), which explains the difference in susceptibility of the tested bacterial strains. Rosmarinus officinalis is suggested as an effective therapeutic medicinal plant because of its antioxidant and antibacterial properties.
Keywords: Antibacterial activity, Antioxidant activity, Aqueous extract, bioactive compounds, Rosmarinus
officinalis.
Recent advances in digital image masking techniques Future challenges and trends: a review
Authors: Hammad Omar Mejbel , Smaoui Ikram , Fakhfakh Ahmed , Hashim Mohammed Mahdi
Published: November 2024

Image steganography has advanced over recent decades, driven by a demand for secure, high-capacity data-hiding techniques capable of maintaining imperceptibility in digital images. This study provides a comprehensive review of steganographic techniques, highlighting recent improvements across spatial and frequency domains and innovations that integrate cryptographic methods, genetic algorithms, and machine learning to enhance security and payload capacity. The assessment reveals trade-offs between imperceptibility, capacity, and security in various methods, including least significant bit (LSB) substitution, frequency domain transformation, edge detection, and pixel intensity manipulation. This analysis identifies key research gaps in multi-criteria evaluation, PSNR reliability, and the need for enhanced methodologies in imperceptibility and robustness to withstand statistical and steganalysis attacks. By investigative these trends, this research emphasizes the importance of complementary image quality and data safety to improve effective and resilient stenographic systems.
The Role of the Iraqi National Data Center in Advancing Digital Transformation and Data Sovereignty
Authors: Al Barazanchi Israa Ibraheem , Rasheed Dima Haider
Published: November 2024

This study examines the key role of the National Data Center in Iraq’s digital transformation, focusing on the Iraqi National Data Center (INDC) as a key infrastructure for centralized data management and the digital role You trust to play. Iraq’s current digital infrastructure is severely limited, including outdated technologies, cybersecurity weaknesses, regulatory gaps and economic constraints. These obstacles prevent INDC from meeting the increasing demands for data storage, resources and security required for effective government functioning and self-reliance in the digital age f Deliver systems centralized for By implementing this approach, INDC will be able to enhance its data governance and security processes, align with international data authority standards, and forge partnerships that support long-term growth. The findings of this study suggest that targeted reforms in infrastructure, cybersecurity, and regulatory frameworks can significantly increase the efficiency of the INDC government, protect national intelligence from external threats, and help Iraq broader digital transformation objectives And of getting continued investment , emphasizes the importance of skilled labor development and system exchange.
Right to Life and death Penalty in Pakistan “Balancing Justice and Human Rights”
Authors: Khan Tayyaba Anam
Published: November 2024

In Pakistani context, the intersection of the right to life and the imposition of death penalty initiate a complex debate on justice and human rights. Advocates of the death penalty argue that it serves as a crucial deterrent, dissuading individuals from committing egregious crimes and contributing to public safety. They contend that in cases of extreme offences, capital punishment represents a proportional response, providing a sense of closure and justice to victims and their families.
The legal framework surrounding the death penalty in Pakistan is often cited by supporters as a safeguard against potential abuses. They underline the importance of due process and the right to a fair trial, asserting that the system is designed to minimize the risk of unlawful convictions. This perspective underscores the death penalty when administered judiciously, upholds the principles of justice.
In contrast, opponents of death penalty in Pakistan argue that it infringes upon the universal right to life, enshrined in Holy book of Quran, 1973 Constitution of Pakistan and in International Human Rights conventions and agreements. They claim that capital punishment is inherently irreparable and raises ethical concerns about the state’s power to take life. Critics also highlight the potentials of systemic flaws within the legal system, leading to miscarriages of justice and the execution of innocent people.
Dealing with this debate, the Pakistani legal system faces the challenge of balancing the demand for justice and the protection of human right to life. This requires a thoughtful examination of the cultural, ethical and legal dimensions. Lastly, this abstract seeks to contribute to the ongoing dialogue, emphasizing the transformative potential of steering away from capital punishment and embracing a human rights-centric approach to justice.
Proyectos pedagógicos y sus incidencias en el aprendizaje de los estudiantes de la Educación Media
Authors: Bareiro Cabrera Graciela Concepción , Cáceres Rolín Ever Daniel
Published: November 2024

Esta investigación aborda la contribución de los proyectos pedagógicos al trabajo docente y su incidencia en el proceso de aprendizaje de los estudiantes del nivel medio del distrito de Cambyretá durante el año lectivo 2018. La importancia del trabajo radica en que los proyectos pedagógicos, se presentan como metodologías de trabajo para fomentar el protagonismo de los alumnos en su proceso de aprendizaje, promoviendo su creatividad, curiosidad, trabajo en equipo y la solución de problemas cotidianos y concretos para lograr aprendizajes significativos. El objetivo fue determinar la contribución de los proyectos pedagógicos como estrategia didáctica para el desarrollo de los procesos de aprendizaje en los estudiantes de nivel medio del distrito de Cambyretá. La metodología fue del enfoque cuantitativo, de alcance descriptivo y corte transversal. La población estuvo conformada por 631 estudiantes, la muestra de 309 estudiantes que se seleccionó mediante la técnica de estadística con un nivel de confianza de 95%. Los resultados más relevantes indican, los proyectos son propuestas metodológicas que benefician al fortalecimiento del trabajo en equipo, el aprendizaje significativo, la cooperación y el rendimiento académico. Los profesores acompañan la elaboración y ejecución del proyecto, pero no aplican en forma eficiente y eficaz la metodología del proyecto.
Desarrollo Regional; un análisis integral de factores claves
Authors: Duarte Sanchez Derlis Daniel , Guerrero Barreto Rafaela
Published: November 2024

El desarrollo regional es un proceso de cambios socioeconómicos y ambientales estructurales, cuyo objetivo principal es mejorar el bienestar de la población del territorio y reducir la desigualdad social y económica en el marco del enfoque de desarrollo sostenible. El objetivo de la investigación consiste en analizar factores claves para el desarrollo regional. Para lo cual, se utilizó una metodología de enfoque cualitativo de revisión documental y descriptivo. La técnica de recolección de datos fue la búsqueda bibliográfica en bases de datos de ScienceDirect, para el análisis de los datos se utilizó la teoría fundamentada. Los principales resultados arrojan que el desarrollo regional cuenta con aspectos claves, los principales son la inversión extranjera directa porque aporta capital, tecnología y empleo, otro es la logística comercial integrada esto facilita la importación y exportación, apoyo a pymes con políticas públicas de financiamiento y programas de incentivos, digitalización de las pymes, con la adopción del comercio electrónico en sus diferentes procesos, por último, la relación entre universidad y empresas con la transferencia de conocimiento y tecnología. Se recomienda en otras investigaciones estudiar los aspectos del desarrollo regional en zonas fronterizas.
Determinación de componentes de rendimiento de variedades de trigo locales e introducidas
Authors: Amarilla Mercado Diosnel , Peralta Paiva Elida Auxiliadora , Maidana Chávez Ever Marcelo , Bogado Cáceres Miguel , Villalba Arriola Alcides Rubén , Bogado Cáceres Analía
Published: November 2024

Los componentes de rendimiento del trigo son altamente influenciados por el ambiente, la respuesta de un grupo de genotipos a un ambiente específico puede ser diferente, siendo necesario la evaluación de los mismos, para realizar la selección del genotipo a ser utilizado. El objetivo fue evaluar los componentes de rendimiento de cuatro variedades de trigo. Las variedades evaluadas fueron: Itapúa 90, Canindé 31, Toruk y CD 150. El experimento fue realizado en el distrito de Katueté, Paraguay, la siembra se realizó el 25 de mayo del 2021. Las parcelas fueron constituidas por seis líneas de cinco metros, con espaciamiento entre línea de 0,17 m, con densidad equivalente a 120 kg ha-1 de semilla. El diseño experimental utilizado fue el de bloques completos al azar, con 4 repeticiones. Fueron evaluadas las variables rendimiento (kg ha-1) y peso de mil granos (g), obtenidas en la maduración fisiológica. Los datos fueron sometidos a análisis de varianza y las medias comparadas por Tukey al 5%. De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos, la variedad CD150, obtuvo un rendimiento superior a las demás variedades evaluadas con 2.785 kg ha-1, y presenta ciclo precoz y menor ciclo de la fase vegetativa, pudiendo esto favorecer su respuesta a las condiciones ambientales (heladas y sequías), la precocidad de un genotipo favorece una mejor respuesta del mismo ante las condiciones ambientales desfavorables como las mencionadas. Para la variable peso de mil granos no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los demás tratamientos evaluados
Factibilidad de aplicación del identificador por radio frecuencia en las bibliotecas de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción, 2021
Authors: Gómez Rojas Martha , León de Alegre Sonia , Carvallo Vecca Laura Carolina
Published: November 2024

La investigación tiene por objetivo analizar mecanismos implementados para el control del acervo bibliográfico de las bibliotecas que conforman la Red de Bibliotecas Universitarias de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción mediante la utilización de la Identificación por Radio Frecuencia, y de esta manera verificar su factibilidad para el control de la colección. Se basó en un estudio cuantitativo de corte transversal y nivel descriptivo. La población estudiada consistió en 12 bibliotecas que conforman la Red, se utilizó como instrumento de recolección de datos una lista de cotejos, aplicado a inicios del periodo 2021. Los resultados más resaltantes denotan que el 50% de las bibliotecas presentan estanterías cerradas, además el 83% utilizan códigos de barras en los materiales bibliográficos, considerando que el rango de extravío de libros es de entre 3 a 5 materiales por año, finalmente 8 bibliotecas cuentan con un sistema de seguridad electrónica antirrobo. En conclusión, la incorporación de sistemas que permitan el control automático de los libros para evitar robos y/o extravíos es implementado aun de manera gradual en las bibliotecas.
Aspectos fundamentales de la relación entre la Gnoseología y las Ciencias Contables
Authors: Alegre Miguel , Acosta Ferreira Celia , Rotela Nilda
Published: November 2024

La epistemología en las ciencias contables desencadena un debate significativo sobre cómo se construye y comunica el conocimiento financiero. Tres enfoques epistemológicos clave - Positivismo, Constructivismo y Realismo Crítico - moldean la forma en que los profesionales contables abordan los datos financieros. El Positivismo, basado en la medición objetiva y cuantitativa, promueve la uniformidad a través de estándares contables, aunque limita la consideración de matices. El Constructivismo resalta la interpretación subjetiva, lo que permite una presentación más adaptable de la información financiera, pero plantea desafíos en comparabilidad. El Realismo Crítico, que combina elementos del Positivismo y el Constructivismo, busca revelar suposiciones subyacentes y promover una comprensión transparente. En investigación contable, los paradigmas - Positivista, Interpretativo y Crítico - guían los métodos. El positivismo busca relaciones causales a través del análisis cuantitativo. El paradigma interpretativo se enfoca en comprender significados y contextos mediante análisis cualitativos. El paradigma crítico cuestiona las estructuras través del análisis crítico de la información financiera. La relación entre la epistemología, los paradigmas y las prácticas contables es crucial. Los enfoques epistemológicos influyen en cómo se presentan los resultados financieros. El positivismo fomenta la uniformidad, el constructivismo permite la adaptabilidad y el realismo crítico busca la transparencia. La elección entre estos enfoques y paradigmas debe considerar el contexto y los objetivos de la organización para asegurar información financiera relevante y de calidad para las partes interesadas. Se llevó a cabo un análisis exhaustivo de 30 documentos en el campo de las ciencias contables para examinar cómo estos enfoques epistemológicos influyen en las prácticas y la investigación contable. Este estudio reveló la relevancia y la aplicabilidad de los enfoques epistemológicos en la toma de decisiones financieras y en la formulación de estrategias empresariales. A través de la comparación y contrastación de las perspectivas positivistas, constructivistas y críticas, se resalta la necesidad de un enfoque equilibrado que considere tanto la objetividad como la subjetividad en la presentación y la interpretación de la información financiera.
Profesionalna ekspozicija kod djelatnika u zdravstvu
Authors: Košćak Valentina
Published: November 2024

Profesionalna ekspozicija ili ekspozicijski incident prema definiciji je kontakt s potencijalno kontaminiranim materijalom, koji može sadržavati patogene koji se prenose krvlju, koji se dogodi za vrijeme obavljanja profesionalnih aktivnosti, bilo unutar zdravstvene ustanove ili izvan nje, bilo u neposrednom radu s bolesnikom ili u kontaktu s bolesnikovim tjelesnim tekućinama i tkivima (Pravilnik o načinu provođenja i mjerama zaštite radi sprječavanja nastanka ozljeda oštrim predmetima. Narodne novine, br. 39/2020., Pravilnik o uvjetima i načinu obavljanja mjera za sprečavanje i suzbijanje bolničkih infekcija. Narodne novine, br. 85/2012. , 129/2013.). Uz podizanje svijesti o važnosti prijavljivanja ekspozicijskog incidenta, važne su preventivne mjere koje uključuju primjenu standardnih mjera zaštite koje se primjenjuju u svakodnevnom radu kod svakog bolesnika, bez obzira na njegov zdravstveni status, oboljenje i cijepljenje protiv HBV-a, te primjenu medicinskih instrumenata i igala sa sigurnosno-zaštitnim mehanizmom.
Correlação entre coordenação motora e idade de pré-escolares no Norte do Brasil
Authors: Marinho Dias Joselia , Araújo de Souza Alesandra , Lucena Joana Marcela Sales de
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: Analisar o desenvolvimento da coordenação motora grossa, a partir das baterias de teste PROESP-Br e Bateria psicomotora (BPM), de crianças em idade pré-escolar, de uma escola da região norte do Brasil. Métodos: Pesquisa quantitativa transversal. Foram utilizadas as baterias de teste Projeto Esporte Brasil (PROESP-Br) e Bateria Psicomotora (BPM). A bateria de testes da PROESP-BR foi utilizada para avaliar as variáveis:  Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC), força de membros superiores (FMS), força de membros inferiores (FMI) e flexibilidade. A BPM foi utilizada para avaliar as habilidades: Equilibração, lateralização e praxia global, posteriormente classificadas em perfil hiperpráxico, eupráxico, dispráxico e apráxico. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 18 crianças com idade média de 5 anos (desvio padrão = 0,62). A força média de membros inferiores foi de 133 cm, 108 cm para a força de membros superiores e 72 cm para flexibilidade. Pela avaliação da BPM, mais de 50% das crianças tinham perfil hiperpráxico nos itens imobilidade, apoio retilíneo dos pés, equilíbrio dinâmico e lateralização pedal; Perfil eupráxico nos itens coordenação óculo pedal, Lateralização manual e Lateralização ocular; Perfil dispráxico nos itens Coordenação óculo manual, dissociação de membros superiores/inferiores e agilidade; E, por último, o perfil apráxico esteve mais prevalente na variável equilíbrio estático. Conclusão: A amostra apresentou níveis adequados de coordenação motora grossa em algumas atividades analisadas, mas em contrapartida, as habilidades Coordenação óculo manual, dissociação de membros superiores/inferiores e agilidade e equilíbrio estático tiveram resultados negativos, indicando que essas capacidades precisam ser desenvolvidas.
Decolonising education in institutions of higher learning
Authors: Modiba Mokgadi Asnath , Emsley Maletšema Ruth
Published: November 2024

To date, the South African education is still grounded and dominated by the colonial and apartheid driven epistemes. This resulted from the type of knowledge and textbooks used in learning institutions that are still of Eurocetric origin and created societal hierarchies. In the process, African indigenous languages were excluded while alien languages were promoted in teaching and learning. It necessitates higher education institutions (HEI) to decolonise education in ways that encourage and acknowledge African perspectives and its values in pedagogical practices. Discussions on the decolonisation of HE emanated from protests in 2015-2016 and in the post-apartheid era. However, gaps still exist in the development of content that caters for the African context and the debate about decolonisation of education is still not fully discussed with confidence. Google Scholar database was utilised to source the relevant literature, where substantial content in peer reviewed articles, books, government documents and news were accessed, retrieved and reviewed. Using this method, the authors attempt to discuss what decolonisation entails and how HEI can reform the curriculum in ways that will make it inclusive with the acknowledgement and the use of African languages in teaching and learning. The article also discusses the support and training needed in the implementation of decolonisation and the use of multilingualism in pedagogical practices.
South African indigenous languages in teaching and learning: policies and the threat of cultural genocide
Authors: Beckmann Johan
Published: November 2024

South Africa is a multilingual country with 10 indigenous, English, and Sign Language as official languages. Before 1994, only English and Afrikaans were used as languages of learning and teaching (LOLTs) at all educational levels. Indigenous African languages were only used as LOLTs to Grade 3. 1994 led to new expectations regarding the use and development of indigenous languages as LOLTs. Government seemingly intends to eventually make English the only LOLT at school and higher education levels. Concerns have surfaced regarding the possible ‘murder’ of indigenous languages and the violation of people’s human rights through language policy implementation. An education law and policy lens was mostly used to examine issues. I wrote the article as a critical analysis of extant literature and used Skutnabb-Kangas and Phillipson’s (1994) concept of linguicism as the theoretical basis of my examination of data. It led to my conclusion that the emergence of English as the juggernaut language in education could probably lead to the revival of colonization, the assimilation (or ‘destruction’) of indigenous languages, and ‘cultural genocide’ called multilingualism. McIlwraith’s (2014) letter of advice to language and development leaders after a 2013 international language conference in South Africa and cited in the conclusion of the article still provides a fitting conclusion resonating with the content of the article.
Therapeutic uses of Mimusops zeyheri Sond., by the Vhaven?a Traditional Health Practitioners in the Vhembe Biosphere Reserve, South Africa
Authors: Lubisi Nonhlanhla Prudence , Manyaga Mueletshedzi , Mbeng Wilfred Otang , Mokgehle Salnina Ngoakoana , Ramarumo Luambo Jeffrey
Published: November 2024

Approximately half of traditional medicines worldwide, particularly those possessing the potential to remedy the most challenging ailments, have not yet been comprehensively studied. Within the same context, this study aimed to explore therapeutic uses, preparatory techniques, and administration modes by the Vhaven?a traditional health practitioners in the Vhembe Biosphere Reserve, Limpopo Province, South Africa. The required data were sampled using triangulation research techniques, including semi-structured interview questionnaires with the first two arbitrarily selected traditional health practitioners and 19 additional practitioners selected using an exponential non-discriminative snowball sampling method. The results revealed that traditional health practitioners of the region utilize Mimusops zeyheri to remedy multiple ailments, including external wounds (RFC = 1; FL = 100%), throat wounds (RFC = 0.8; FL = 80%), ulcers (RFC = 1; FL = 100%), womb cleaning to improve fertility (RFC = 1; FL = 100%), enhancing weight loss (RFC = 0.9; FL = 905), and the combinations of assorted ailments such as Erectile dysfunctionality, Bilhazia, and Gonorrhea (RFC = 0.7; FL = 70%). The recent study reported ethnomedicinal uses, preparatory techniques, and modes of administration of M. zeyheri by the Vhaven?a traditional health practitioners in the Vhembe Biosphere Reserve. The documentation of the medicinal uses of Mimusops zeyheri is essential for sustaining the immediate traditional healthcare systems and preserving regional ancient cultural heritage.
Biomaterials at the forefront: A comprehensive review of patented biomedical applications
Authors: Kousar Saik Safia , Hasse Rozette , Mukherjee Arnab , Mukunthan K. S.
Published: November 2024

Over the years, biomaterials have played a crucial role in mitigating the socio-economic burden of healthcare by significantly enhancing the diagnosis and treatment of injuries and diseases. Through collaborative innovations, newly developed biomaterials have not only contributed to saving lives and alleviating suffering but have also improved the overall quality of life. The burgeoning biomaterials market witnessed considerable expansion over the past decade owing to escalating demands for medical implants, increased prevalence of diseases among the geriatric population, and a rise in cosmetic and plastic surgeries. This growth trajectory indicates substantial potential for further expansion in the forthcoming years. Consequently, there has been a surge in requests for research and development of novel biomaterials for biomedical applications from governmental entities, academic institutions, and private enterprises, leading to a significant rise in the number of biomaterial patents issued annually. This study presents a comprehensive review of the escalating interest in novel biomaterial patents within the biomedical domain over the last decade, which has promoted stupendous technological advancements in orthopaedics, dentistry, ophthalmology, and disease treatment. The promising outcomes of biomaterial-based research in the biomedical field pave the way for the emergence of smart biomaterials engineered through 3D and 4D printing technologies, capable of cell culturing, growth factor integration, and accurate emulation of complex body geometries. The future of biomaterials holds immense potential for transformative contributions to biomedical science and healthcare practice.
Electromagnetic characteristics of waveguide model of plasma-photon crystal array structure
Authors: Yang Yu-Sen , Wang Lin , Gou De-Zhi , Tang Zheng-Ming ,   School of Electronic Information Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, China
Published: November 2024

Photonic crystal with periodic dielectric constant distribution has become the focus of theoretical and applied research in recent years because of their bandgap structure similar to the electronic states in semiconductors. It is also a promising method of creating a stable low power microplasma. This research field makes it possible to explore plasma science using microplasmas driven by millimeter wave bands. The dispersive and dissipative properties of plasma make plasma photonic crystals have properties that conventional dielectric photonic crystals do not have. The properties and parameters of plasma photonic crystal can be artificially controlled by changing the parameters of the plasma. To further investigate the influence of photonic crystals on electromagnetic wave transmission, a waveguide model with a plasma photonic crystal array structure is proposed in order to achieve modulation of electromagnetic wave transmission. This proposed model structure can achieve multiple frequency transmission points, making up for the shortcoming of single frequency point transmission in the W-band. Meanwhile, adding a plasma column to the center of defect vacancy in the gradient structure can limit the amplitude of electromagnetic waves and regulate the transmission of electromagnetic waves at different resonant frequencies. The results show that electromagnetic wave can achieve efficient transmission at multiple frequency points such as 85.2, 92.1, 98.5, 102.4, 106 GHz without plasma interference, and transmission coefficients are greater than –0.42 dB. The construction of gradient structure can form different strong electric fields around the defect vacancy at the resonance frequency, resulting in gas breakdown and the generation of high-concentration microwave plasma, achieving effective control of the reflected power, transmitted power and absorbed power of electromagnetic wave. When the plasma concentration reaches the plasma frequency equivalent to the incident wave frequency, the electromagnetic wave can be transmitted with less loss in this period. When it achieves a considerable degree or higher, the electromagnetic wave will be rapidly absorbed or reflected by the high concentration plasma, and the transmission power will decrease rapidly, and finally stabilize at a low level. In addition, changing the size of the plasma column can further adjust the transmission characteristics of electromagnetic waves at different frequency points. This research can provide support for the transmission of high-frequency electromagnetic waves and the design of microwave devices.
Stable sequential dynamics in prefrontal cortex represents subjective estimation of time
Authors: Li Yiting , Yin Wenqu , Wang Xin , Li Jiawen , Zhou Shanglin , Ma Chaolin , Yuan Peng , Li Baoming
Published: November 2024

Time estimation is an essential prerequisite underlying various cognitive functions. Previous studies identified “sequential firing” and “activity ramps” as the primary neuron activity patterns in the medial frontal cortex (mPFC) that could convey information regarding time. However, the relationship between these patterns and the timing behavior has not been fully understood. In this study, we utilized
in vivo
calcium imaging of mPFC in rats performing a timing task. We observed cells that showed selective activation at trial start, end, or during the timing interval. By aligning long-term time-lapse datasets, we discovered that sequential patterns of time coding were stable over weeks, while cells coding for trial start or end showed constant dynamism. Furthermore, with a novel behavior design that allowed the animal to determine individual trial interval, we were able to demonstrate that real-time adjustment in the sequence procession speed closely tracked the trial-to-trial interval variations. And errors in the rats’ timing behavior can be primarily attributed to the premature ending of the time sequence. Together, our data suggest that sequential activity maybe a stable neural substrate thatrepresentstime under physiological conditions.Furthermore, our results imply the existence of a unique cell type in the mPFC that participates in the time-related sequences. Future characterization of this cell type could provide important insights in the neural mechanism of timing and related cognitive functions.
The transformation of sensory to perceptual braille letter representations in the visually deprived brain
Authors: Haupt Marleen , Graumann Monika , Teng Santani , Kaltenbach Carina , Cichy Radoslaw M
Published: November 2024

Experience-based plasticity of the human cortex mediates the influence of individual experience on cognition and behavior. The complete loss of a sensory modality is among the most extreme such experiences. Investigating such a selective, yet extreme change in experience allows for the characterization of experience-based plasticity at its boundaries.Here, we investigated information processing in individuals who lost vision at birth or early in life by probing the processing of braille letter information. We characterized the transformation of braille letter information from sensory representations depending on the reading hand to perceptual representations that are independent of the reading hand.Using a multivariate analysis framework in combination with fMRI, EEG and behavioral assessment, we tracked cortical braille representations in space and time, and probed their behavioral relevance.We located sensory representations in tactile processing areas and perceptual representations in sighted reading areas, with the lateral occipital complex as a connecting “hinge” region. This elucidates the plasticity of the visually deprived brain in terms of information processing.Regarding information processing in time, we found that sensory representations emerge before perceptual representations. This indicates that even extreme cases of brain plasticity adhere to a common temporal scheme in the progression from sensory to perceptual transformations.Ascertaining behavioral relevance through perceived similarity ratings, we found that perceptual representations in sighted reading areas, but not sensory representations in tactile processing areas are suitably formatted to guide behavior.Together, our results reveal a nuanced picture of both the potentials and limits of experience-dependent plasticity in the visually deprived brain.
The use of four-pillar regimen for heart failure management: results from the Jordanian Heart Failure Registry (JoHFR)
Authors: Izraiq Mahmoud , Jammal Mustafa , Toubasi Ahmad A. , Mari Sae’ed , AlNajafi Sarah , Al-Qadasi Ayad , Al Maharmeh Khaled , Almansour Maha , Saleh Soadad , Ahmed Yaman , Abu-hantash Hadi
Published: November 2024

Background

Heart failure (HF) is a complex cardiovascular disease. Effective management typically involves four main medications: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers, beta-blockers, angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors, and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, along with sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i). The primary objective of this article is to assess and identify the utilization of four-pillar regimen for HF managment and explore the characteristics of the patients being on the four-pillar regimen in Jordan.

Methods

Data from the Jordanian HF registry (JoHFR) was analyzed, encompassing records of HF patients treated in various cardiology centers from 2021 to 2023.

Results

The medical records of 2,151 patients with HF who were admitted to cardiology centers throughout Jordan were collected. Males comprised 58.0% of the included patients. Moreover, 71.0% of patients had chronic HF, whereas the rest, 29.0%, had acute HF. Of these, only 0.6% received the complete four-pillar treatment of HF. Beta-blockers were the most frequently used medication, prescribed to 74% of patients, while SGLT2i were the least common, used by only 9%. Notably, patients with type 2 diabetes were more likely to be on the four-pillar regimen (P-value = 0.016). Additionally, patients with a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) below 60 were more likely to be treated using the four-pillar (P-values = 0.044). The analysis revealed no significant difference in mortality rates between the two groups (P-value = 0.475).

Conclusion

Our study demonstrated an overall low utilization of the four-pillar regimen for HF treatment in Jordan with several patients’ characteristics associated with it. This highlight the need for enhanced collaborative effort and governmental initiatives to address the challenges of the low utilization of these medications.
A typological study of motion event in Kurdish verbs
Authors: Dehghan Masoud , Saberi Kourosh
Published: November 2024

The present study aims to investigate the representation of motion events in Kalhori Kurdish (KK) using Talmy's Lexicalization Patterns Model (1985, 2000), with the goal of typologically analyzing how motion events are encoded in the language. This qualitative research involved the collection of 200 Kurdish motion verbs through unstructured interviews. The results indicate that KK employs nine distinct conflation patterns, with the two-component conflation patterns—motion + manner and motion + path—showing the highest frequencies, respectively. Additionally, the three-component pattern of motion + path + manner also exhibited a notable frequency, following the two-component patterns. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that KK utilizes both path-based and manner-based motion verbs. Furthermore, the higher frequency of the three-component pattern suggests that KK should be classified as a bipartite language.
La traducción al chino de las poetas de la generación del 27
Authors: Zhimeng Bai
Published: November 2024

Desde la campaña de reforma y apertura iniciada en China en 1978, se ha despertado en este país el interés por la poesía española y han sido publicadas numerosas antologías poéticas. Sin embargo, la poesía femenina, muy destacable en el conjunto de la producción poética española, no había sido recopilada de manera sistemática hasta la publicación en 2001 de Antología de la poesía femenina española del siglo XX, obra del traductor Zhao Zhenjiang. El presente artículo se centra en cinco poetas españolas de la generación del 27 incluidas en dicha antología y analiza las normas y las técnicas aplicadas en el proceso traductor.
El cambio de polaridad en la minería de opiniones a través de la cuantificación en inglés
Authors: Blázquez-López Yolanda , Periñán-Pascual Carlos
Published: November 2024

El cambio de polaridad se considera uno de los problemas más desafiantes dentro del ámbito de la minería de opiniones. Los operadores de cambio de polaridad son elementos lingüísticos contextuales que pueden aumentar, reducir o neutralizar la polaridad de una palabra denominada “foco” que se incluye en la expresión de una opinión. La detección automática de tales elementos mejora el rendimiento y la precisión de los sistemas computacionales para la minería de opiniones. Desde un enfoque simbólico, este artículo presenta un avance en el procesamiento automático de los operadores contextuales que afectan la polaridad de las opiniones expresadas en tuits escritos en inglés. Con este fin, proponemos un nuevo modelo basado en el conocimiento relativo a la cuantificación en inglés, la cual puede incrementar o reducir la polaridad de las opiniones. En concreto, describimos las reglas lingüísticas de cada categoría de operador asociado a la cuantificación, incluyendo información sobre el alcance y la dirección del operador con respecto al foco. Además, indicamos las fórmulas matemáticas que calculan la fuerza del efecto sobre la polaridad previa. Finalmente, presentamos las matrices asociadas a las reglas lingüísticas, las cuales facilitan la modelización del conocimiento en un sistema de minería textual.
Perfect Conductor and Mu-Metal Enhancement of Electromagnetic Fields Near Topological Insulators
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Física, Dvorquez Gomberoff Eitan
Published: November 2024

This thesis focuses on the transmission and reflection coefficients of light in systems involving topological insulators (TI). Due to the electromagnetic coupling in TIs, new mixing coefficients emerge, leading to new components of the electromagnetic fields of propagating waves. We have discovered a simple heterostructure that provides a 100-fold enhancement of the mixing coefficients for TI materials. Such effect depends on the TI's wave impedance and the selected material for the sublayer. We also predict a transverse deviation of the Poynting vector due to these mixed coefficients contributing to the radiative electromagnetic field of an electric dipole. Given an optimal configuration of the dipole-TI system, this deviation could amount to 0.28% of the Poynting vector due to emission near non-topological materials, making this effect detectable.
Intrapleural Fibrinolytic Therapy for Complex Haemothorax in a Patient with Congenital Heart Disease and Eisenmenger Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Ganta Siri Vineeth Anuraag , Mandadi Manosri , Prabhakar Vishnu
Published: November 2024

Haemothorax, characterised by blood in the pleural cavity with a haematocrit greater than 50%, can arise from both traumatic and non traumatic causes. Prompt blood removal is crucial to prevent coagulation and complications like post-traumatic empyema. While tube thoracostomy is the initial management, Intrapleural Fibrinolytic Therapy (IPFT) offers a less invasive alternative when drainage is insufficient. The authors hereby, report the case of a 33-year-old male with congenital heart disease who presented with haemothorax. He exhibited worsening breathlessness, a cough with yellowish sputum and intermittent fever. Examination revealed clubbing, tachycardia, hypotension, tachypnoea and hypoxia. Imaging confirmed a right-sided pleural effusion with septations and severe Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH). Initial management with a pigtail catheter and antibiotics resulted in minimal drainage. The patient then underwent IPFT, leading to significant fluid drainage and radiological improvement. His clinical condition improved with reduced breathlessness and stabilised vital signs. The present case supports the efficacy of fibrinolytic agents like Streptokinase (STK) in managing clotted haemothorax, particularly in patients with complex medical backgrounds such as congenital heart disease. Early IPFT can enhance pleural drainage and reduce the need for invasive surgery, highlighting its value in similar clinical scenarios.
Ultrasonographic Mapping of the Location and Depth of Labial Arteries Prior to Lip Augmentation: A Pilot Study
Authors: Brasil Débora de Freitas , Lima Letícia Sales Leite Ramalho , Fornagero Lívia dos Santos , Silva Filho José Evando da , Silva Bruno Frota Amora , Albuquerque Danielle Frota de
Published: November 2024

Aims: This study aims to map the superior and inferior labial arteries in terms of their anatomical location and depth using ultrasound imaging to optimise the planning of lip augmentation procedures in a Brazilian cohort.
Study Design: Observational cross-sectional pilot study.
Place and Duration of Study: The examinations were conducted at the dental clinic of the University of Fortaleza during October-November 2023.
Methodology: Nineteen volunteers (both sexes, aged 18 to 55 years) with no history of previous lip augmentation participated in this study. Imaging was performed using a high-frequency ultrasound machine (Evus 5, Alliage S/A), equipped with a 7–14 MHz linear transducer, in both B-mode and Doppler modes. Statistical analyses included the Shapiro-Wilk test, Levene's test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), T-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, standard deviation, confidence intervals, and Fisher's exact test, all conducted using Python software.
Results: The superior labial artery was predominantly located in the intramuscular region in 68.42% of cases, followed by the submucosa in 31.58%, with no instances in the subcutaneous layer. For the inferior labial artery, a similar distribution was observed: 63.16% intramuscular, 31.58% submucosal, and 5.26% subcutaneous. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were identified in the depth and location of the labial arteries based on sex and specific anatomical regions.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates the variation in the depth and location of labial arteries, with a significant predominance in the intramuscular layer. Ultrasound serves as an essential tool for mapping vascular anatomy in the planning of lip augmentation, underscoring the value of thorough anatomical assessment to enhance procedural safety and efficacy.
Practice of Female Sterilization in India: A Gender Disparity Approach
Authors: Sahoo Sasmita , Mahapatra Manosmita
Published: November 2024

Globally, India became the first developing nation to start a government supported family planning approach in 1952. The programme has completed more than seven decades with change in policy approach from clinical based to target-free approach. Despite of emphasizing on choice based contraceptive methods women bear the burden of family planning with extensive practice of female sterilization throughout the country. With this backdrop, the current paper seeks to highlight the increasing trend of female sterilization compared to male sterilization and other family planning methods in India. It further attempts to analyze the factors associated with the rising trend of female sterilization by using a gender lens. The research paper is based on data collected from secondary sources, especially by using National Family Health Survey (NFHS). The finding of the study demonstrates an increasing trend of female sterilization in India and there exists significant influence of the socio-cultural factors and gender biasness. The family planning burden is majorly borne by women in terms of using other contraceptive methods and there is lack of male participation. This shows that gender biasness is firmly connected to the provision, adoption and utilization of the family planning services in India.
Guided Inquiry: Science Learning Techniques in Improving Elementary School Students' Process Skills and Concept Mastery
Authors: Karlina  , Syahrial  , Wulandari Bunga Ayu
Published: November 2024

This study aims to improve the science process skills and scientific attitudes of grade 3 elementary school students in Nurul Ilmi Jambi. The approach used in this study is quantitative with a quasi-experimental design. The population used in the study was grade 3 students of Nurul Ilmi Integrated Islamic Elementary School, with a total of 203 people from seven locations. The samples used were from two locations taken randomly, with a total sample of 58 people. Data were collected using test techniques for both process skill variables and concept mastery, namely using multiple choice questions of 25 questions each. Data analysis was carried out using N-gain and T-test on pretest and posttest scores. The results of the study showed that guided inquiry had a positive impact on the development of students' science process skills and concept mastery. Based on the N-gain test, SPS and concept mastery increased on average with the "moderate" category. Based on the T-test, it is known that each variable has a significant mean difference between the pretest and posttest tests. Therefore, at the end of this study, Guided Inquiry could be an alternative for teachers in an effort to Improve Elementary School Students' Process Skills and Concept Mastery in science subjects.