bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Los factores del medio físico en el desarrollo de los territorios
Authors: Salvador Regina
Published: May 2010

[es] Durante algunos años se pensó que los elementos de la Geografía Física eran determinantes en la formación del "carácter'' y de las especificidades propias de cada pueblo, lo que fue designado por Determinismo Geográfico.
En finales del siglo XIX, se empezó a comprender que el ambiente no tenía una relación necesaria y fatalista con el desarrollo, era solamente una contingencia. Así, surgió el Posibilismo Geográfico como el conyunto de posibilidades que permite no reaccionar forzosamente de la misma manera en ambientes naturales semejantes, gracias a su cultura y a sus técnicas.
A pesar de eso, estudios recientes de autores como Jeffrey Sachs, J. Gallup o A.D. Mellinger confirman que el clima y la distribución de recursos naturales son muy importantes en el crecimiento económico y desarrollo de los países.
Las interpretaciones de las relaciones entre el medio y el hombre bajeadas en "paradigmas" (determinismo, posibilismo...) deben ser superadas, de una vez por todas, por el discurso geográfico. Se trata de una aproximación útil desde el punto de vista didáctico, pero que esquematiza, en exceso, el pensamiento geográfico. La reflexión geográfica debe superar este esquematismo de los paradigmas y centrarse en la esencial: la interpretación de las relaciones entre el medio y el hombre al largo de la Historia, que es siempre una interpretación sin rupturas.

[fr] Pendant des années on a considéré les éléments de la Géographie Physique comme déterminants dans la formation du «caractère» et des spécificités particulières de chaque peuple, ce qui a été appelé de Déterminisme Géographique.
A la fin du XIX Siècle, on a commencé à comprendre que l'environnement n'avait pas une relation nécessaire et fataliste avec le développement, c'était seulement une contingence. Ainsi le Possibilisme Géographique est né comme l'ensemble des possibilités qui permettent de ne pas réagir nécessairement de la même façon dans environnements semblables, dû à sa culture et à ses techniques.
Malgré cela, des études récentes d'auteurs comme Jeffrey Sachs, J. Gallup ou A.D. Mellinger viennent confirmer que le climat et la distribution des ressources naturelles sont très importants pour l'explication de la croissance économique et le développement des pays. Les interprétations des relations entre l'environnement et l'homme basées dans paradigmes (déterminisme, possibilisme, ...) doivent être surmontées, d'une fois pour toutes, par le discours géographique. Il s'agit d'une approche utile du point de vue didactique, mais que schématise en excès la pensée géographique. La réflexion géographique doit surmonter ce schématisme des paradigmes et se centrer dans l'essentiel : l'interprétation des relations entre l'environnement et l'homme au long de l'histoire, qui est toujours une interprétation sans ruptures.
¿Hacia dónde evolucionaría la composición del paisaje si la actividad humana fuera mínima? Una aproximación a los cambios probables del paisaje actual en el Pirineo central español
Authors: Sferi E. , Lasanta T. , Vicente-Serrano S. M. , González-Hidalgo J. C.
Published: May 2010

[es] Se analizan, en la cuenca del Aragón Subordán (Pirineo Central), los cambios en la composición del paisaje desde una situación actual a otra potencial, originada por una escasa intervención humana. Para ello se han elaborado un mapa de cubiertas vegetales actuales, a partir de imágenes del satélite Landsat, y otro de cubiertas potenciales. Se presentan las transiciones en las cubiertas del suelo y se estudia la distinta composición del paisaje, aplicando los índices de diversidad, dominancia y equitabilidad. Los resultados señalan que el paisaje actual presenta mayor diversidad y menor dominancia que el potencial.

[fr] Dans quel sens évoluerait la composition du paysage si l´activité humaine aurait été minime? Une approximation des changements probables du paysage actuel dans les Pyrénées Centrales. On analyse, dans le bassin de Aragón Subordán (Pyrénées Centrales), les changements dans la composition du paysage, à partir d'une situation actuelle jusqu'à une situation potentielle, qui serait le résultat d'une légère intervention humaine. Ainsi, on a élaboré une carte de couvertures végétales actuelle, à partir d'images de satellite Landsat, et une autre de couvertures potentielles. Les transitions dans les usages du sol représentées et les différentes compositions du paisaje sont étudiées, appliquant les indices de diversité, dominance et équitabilité. Les résultats indiquent que le paysage actuel présente una plus grande diversité et une dominance plus faible que dans le cas de la situation potentielle.
Attack of carbonic anhydride and hydrogen sulfide on API class H cement slurries exposed to saline formation waters
Authors: Márquez G. , Alejandre F. J. , Martín-del-Río J. J. , Arribas R. , Blasco F. J.
Published: May 2010

This paper discusses the attack of the major ions (sulfate, chloride, and magnesium) and sour gases, present in natural gas (CO2 y SH2), on API class H cement, the type used in gas wells under high pressure and temperature. The effects of these chemical agents on this cement was simulated to study the physicochemical changes due to the action of sour gases and formation water. Cement specimens were immersed in neutral solutions containing fixed concentrations of the major ions inside Parr reactors. These solutions were analysed and XRD analyses were conducted for over two months to identify mineralogical variations from 14 to 60 days. The objective of this research was to determine the effects of the joint attack of major ions and sour gases on cement pastes. The main effects of both gases, jointly or separately, on cement durability were, respectively, the carbonation process and the leaching of some components.
Building Cooling Load Forecasting Based on Support Vector Machines with Simulated Annealing
Authors: Li Xue Mei , Ding Li Xing , Lǔ Jin Hu , Li lan Lan
Published: May 2010

Accurate forecasting of building cooling load has been one of the most important issues in the electricity industry. Recently, along with energy-saving optimal control, accurate forecast of electricity load has received increasing attention. Because of the general nonlinear mapping capabilities of forecasting, artificial neural networks have played a crucial role in forecasting electricity load. Support vector machines (SVMs) have been successfully employed to solve nonlinear regression and time series problems. In order to improve time efficiency of prediction, a new hourly cooling load prediction model and method based on Support Vector Machine in this paper. Moreover, simulated annealing (SA) algorithms were employed to choose the parameters of a SVM model. Subsequently, examples of cooling load data from Guangzhou were used to illustrate the proposed SVM-SA model. A comparison of the performance between SVM optimized by Particle Swarm Optimization (SVM-PSO) and SVM-SA is carried out. Experiments results demonstrate that SVM-SA can achieve better accuracy and generalization than the SVM-PSO. Consequently, the SVM-SA model provides a promising alternative for forecasting building load.
Numerical Simulation of Velocity Distribution among Microchannels with Bifurcation Structures as Manifolds
Authors: Wei Xiao Ling , Wang Qing Hui , Pan Min Qiang
Published: May 2010

Manifold structure shows important effects on the velocity distribution among parallel microchannels. The bifurcation structure was adopted as the manifolds of microchannel array in a plane and a specific case was illustrated to estimate the effects of structural parameters on the velocity distribution using numerical simulation. Simulation result indicated that the velocity distribution appeared to be double W-shape, and somewhat symmetrical. In addition, the velocity values in each W-shape distribution also appeared symmetrical. It also indicated that two bifurcation channels from the same low-level bifurcation channel had different velocity values due to different singular losses. Larger microchannel length, smaller microchannel width or depth, larger RW or RL, suitable RZ were favor in obtaining relatively uniform velocity distribution among microchannels.
The Research and Implementation of NaXi Pictographs Mobile Phone Dictionary Based on J2ME
Authors: Guo Hai , Zhao Jing Ying , Da Ming Jun
Published: May 2010

As the only still used pictographs in the world, NaXi pictographs has been used in computer information processing. However, the technology of processing minority scripts hasn't been applied on mobile platform. Using Eclipse, this paper has developed a NaXi Pictographs Mobile Phone Dictionary Based on J2ME. Via Fast Searching Algorithm of Trie tree, we achieved the goal of NaXi-Chinese query and online update of the lexicon. To the problem of display NaXi pictographs on the MT (Mobile Terminal), we extracted matrix font of NaXi pictographs. The realization of NaXi Pictographs Mobile Phone Dictionary drew a new page on the history of information processing on Chinese minority scripts mobile, as well as a great reference for information processing on other minority scripts.
Bayesian Reliability Assessment Based on Dirichlet Prior Information
Authors: Su Hong Sheng
Published: May 2010

To resolve the reliability assessment of the large-sized complex products under small samples, with the aid of the Dirichlet prior distribution and Bayesian theory, a new method is proposed in this paper. The method can fully apply Dirichlet prior information and test data to estimate the reliabilities of the products, and forecasting the success times during the products test. Compared other methods, it is simple, direct, solid, and high-effective. The investigations show that the method is quit handy and effective.
Hybrid Combination of GIS,GPS,WSN and GPRS Technology in Modern Digital Agriculture Application
Authors: Nie Peng Cheng , Wu Di , Zhang Weiong , Yang Yan , He Yong
Published: May 2010

In order to improve the information management of the modern digital agriculture, combined several modern digital agriculture technologies, namely wireless sensor network (WSN), global positioning system (GPS), geographic information system (GIS) and general packet radio service (GPRS), and applied them to the information collection and intelligent control process of the modern digital agriculture. Combining the advantage of the local multi-channel information collection and the low-power wireless transmission of WSN, the stable and low cost long-distance communication and data transmission ability of GPRS, the high-precision positioning technology of the DGPS positioning and the large-scale field information layer-management technology of GIS, such a hybrid technology combination is applied to the large-scale field information and intelligent management. In this study, wireless sensor network routing nodes are disposed in the sub-area of field. These nodes have GPS receiver modules and the electric control mechanism, and are relative positioned by GPS. They can real-time monitor the field information and control the equipment for the field application. When the GPS position information and other collected field information are measured, the information can be remotely transmitted to PC by GPRS. Then PC can upload the information to the GIS management software. All the field information can be classified into different layers in GIS and shown on the GIS map based on their GPS position. Moreover, we have developed remote control software based on GIS. It can send the control commands through GPRS to the nodes which have control modules; and then we can real-time manage and control the field application. In conclusion, the unattended automatic wireless intelligent technology for the field information collection and control can effectively utilize hardware resources, improve the field information intelligent management and reduce the information and intelligent cost.
A New Intelligent Estimation Model of Material Fatigue Limit
Authors: Wan Yi
Published: May 2010

A fuzzy support vector machine kernel regression method of fatigue limit calculating is presented aiming at difficulty of material fatigue limit calculating and disadvantage of the other forecast model. Complicated and strong nonlinear fatigue limit of material is simulated by parameter optimized design and conformation of fuzzy support vector combinative algorithm, fuzzy support vector optimized algorithm has strong ability of nonlinear mapping and functional approach, it avoids availably phenomenon of partial minimum and overfitting, and gains high precision by comparing numerical value of network output with numerical value of experiment.
Vehicle Flow Detection Using Fast Region Matching with Adaptive Gaussian Mixture Background Model
Authors: Ding Hui
Published: May 2010

Video surveillance play an important role in many ITS. In this paper, we present a fast and reliable algorithm for detecting traffic flow count. The core of the algorithm relies on Gaussian mixture background model combined fast cross-correlation region-based techniques in moving object matching. By working with adaptive Gaussian mixture model, obtained the moving vehicle as foreground. Then, fast local correlation, referred to as single matching phase, is achieved by using recursive computation schemes, which enabled us to minimize the amount of calculations required at every new pixel. We have tested our match algorithm in a large set of experiments with video clips and achieved good matching results.
R&D, Technology Transfer and Innovation Performance: Evidence from Chinese Industries
Authors: Li Wu Wei
Published: May 2010

Based on the data of large and medium-sized industrial enterprises put forward by National Bureau of Statistics of China, over the period 1991-2007, this paper empirically investigates the dynamic econometrical relationship among R&D, technology transfer, including imports of technology and purchase of domestic technology and innovation performance which is denoted by new product sales, using ADF unit root test, co-integration analysis and granger causality test. The empirical research results indicate that innovation performance is granger causing R&D and technology transfer, while R&D and technology transfer are not granger causing innovation performance. Neither the feedback effect between R&D and innovation performance nor that between technology transfer and innovation performance is occurring.
Wavelet Denoise Method Applied in Load Spectrum Analysis of Engineering Vehicles
Authors: Wang Ji Xin , Tang Xiao Bo
Published: May 2010

Signal processing is an important work of load spectrum generation, while wavelet denoise method is regarded as one of the best method in engineering signal processing. So on the purpose of obtaining a good load spectrum of engineering vehicles, db3 wavelet is selected as the mother wavelet. Then the denoise layer number was determined by some comparisons, as well as a proper threshold and threshold function algorithm. Finally a whole process in denoise of the load spectrum of a wheel loader, which is from the selection of the mother wavelet to the determination of the denoise layer number to the selection of the threshold algorithm and the threshold function algorithm, is depicted in this paper. A new coefficient is introduced and a satisfactory result is got. It is safe to conclude that wavelet denoise method is the relative best selection for load spectrum analysis of engineering vehicles.
An Improved Ant Colony Optimization Supervised by PSO
Authors: Zhou Zhi Gang
Published: May 2010

Combined with the idea of the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, the ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm is presented to solve the well known traveling salesman problem (TSP). The core of this algorithm is using PSO to optimize the control parameters of ACO which consist of heuristic factor, pheromone evaporation coefficient and the threshold of stochastic selection, and applying ant colony system to routing. The new algorithm effectively overcomes the influence of control parameters of ACO and decreases the numbers of useless experiments, aiming to find the balance between exploiting the optimal solution and enlarging the search space.
Irrigation Water Compensation Control System Based on Fuzzy Neural Network
Authors: Wu Bo , Ye Bang Yan , Wu Chun Ling , Zhang Cheng Zhong
Published: May 2010

This paper presents a Fuzzy Neural Network-based irrigation water control system for realizing accurate irrigation and water saving. The control system consists of a PC based server with a FNN-based control module, data sampling device, CAN bus communication network and remote irrigation units with sensors and controller. It can estimate irrigation water compensation according to the irrigation environments. By using Fuzzy Logic function and Fuzzy Neural Network, the controller module can fuse multi-source information that from Internet, sensors and other sources to make decision of irrigation water compensation on the control spot. Experimental result indicates that the compensation generated by FNN have higher precision than that by FL in this irrigation water control system.
Study of Relative Radiometric Normalization Based on Multitemporal ASTER Images
Authors: Xing Yu , Jiang Qi Gang , Qiao Zhu Ping , Li Wen Qing
Published: May 2010

Both the reference image and original image are respectively decomposed into low-frequency components and high-frequency components by wavelet transform. Then, count the low-frequency components of the two images by margin calculation and select the PIF points to correct while the high-frequency components remain unchanged. Finally, reconstract the high-frequency components of discorrected original image and low-frequency components of corrected to get the corrected image. The method eliminates the radiation difference resulted from different time periods and save the radiation difference caused by the change of surface features themselves in the original image. The relative radiometric correction achieves a better effect, and can improve the accuracy of remote sensing dynamic monitoring.
A Novel Image Fusion Algorithm Based on Local Contrast and Improved PCNN Model
Authors: Ye Ming
Published: May 2010

The proposed new fusion algorithm is based on the improved pulse coupled neural network (PCNN) model, the fundamental characteristics of images and the properties of human vision system. Compared with the traditional algorithm where the linking strength of each neuron is the same and its value is chosen through experimentation, this algorithm uses the contrast of each pixel as its value, so that the linking strength of each pixel can be chosen adaptively. After the processing of PCNN with the adaptive linking strength, new fire mapping images are obtained for each image taking part in the fusion. The clear objects of each original image are decided by the compare-selection operator with the fire mapping images pixel by pixel and then all of them are merged into a new clear image. Furthermore, by this algorithm, other parameters, for example, , the threshold adjusting constant, only have a slight effect on the new fused image. Therefore, it overcomes the difficulty in adjusting parameters in PCNN. Experimental results indicate that the method outperforms the traditional approaches in preserving edge information while improving texture information.
Design of a Novel High Performance Digital Fault Recorder
Authors: Huang Nan Tian , Liu Xiao Sheng , Xu Dian Guo , Sun Jian
Published: May 2010

Power quality is the most important problems in power system automation. Aim to analysis and improve the power quality, many types of power quality events, such as voltage unbalanced, harmonic, frequency offset and multiple short time power quality disturbances, should be recorded accurately. This paper proposed a new design proposal of a novel digital fault recorder which could record the power quality waveform signals in 24 hours a day. The original power quality signals are transformed by fast Fourier transforms (FFT) and the waveform distortion is determined by the amplitude spectrum. In order to compression the data of power quality signals, the waveform without distortion is described by the first circle’s waveform. Hence, every power quality events signals and stationary signals will be recorded by one circle signal of each time. Then, the first circle signals of each event are compressed by wavelet transform so as to get higher compression ratio. The signal compressed by DFR will be stored in the Flash or RAM chips and transferred to principal computer. The data will be used for power quality analysis.
A Multi Agent Based Simulation Framework for the Study of Transit Passenger’s Route Choice Behavior
Authors: Mo Yi Kui , Qiao Xiang Rong , Su Yong Yun
Published: May 2010

In light of the characteristics of transit passenger’s route choice behavior, this paper introduces a multi-agent based simulation approach into the study of this behavior.At first, the paper analyzes factors affecting transit passenger’s route choice behavior and then studies the rules of behavior for transit passengers when making route choices. The paper further proposes a utility function for selected routes and examines ways to investigate and analyze corresponding data so as to provide a basis for the modeling of passenger agent’s route choice behavior. Following this, the paper builds up a simulation system for transit passenger’s route choice behavior based on the multi-agent simulation software Starlogo developed by Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), and explains the process that will actually take place when using the simulation system. Finally, inadequacies of the study are analyzed and the focus of further research is indicated.
Based on Multi-Sensor Tool Steel Hard Turning Process Monitoring and Controlling
Authors: Wu Fei , Wang Xi , Zhong Wei Wu , Yu Hui , Liu Li Bing , Liao Dong Ting
Published: May 2010

Through a set of electro-hydraulic digital valve as the core of the fuzzy control system to provide an appropriate amount of cooling fluid, the hard turning process temperature can be controlled at any set temperature. The use of the signal acquisition system based on virtual instrument, acquisition acoustic emission signals, vibration signals and temperature signals during the hard turning process. The temperature signal is processed by wavelet transform ,after vibration and acoustic emission signals be processed by wavelet packet decomposition and energy method, it is found that through providing appropriate cooling fluid can control temperatures in the processing and decrease the amplitude of vibration and acoustic emission signal, it also means that we can improve the quality of processing, and prolong the life of tool.
Attribute Reduction Method of Uncertain Information
Authors: Xu E , Shao Liang Shan , Qiao Zhu , Cao Guang Hui , Qiu Feng
Published: May 2010

To attribute reduction in an uncertain information system, this paper proposed a method of attribute reduction based on rough set theory. This reduction method gives the concepts of tolerance relationship, attribute significance and tolerance relationship similar matrix to deal with the inconsistency problem of in the information table. And then obtains the core attributes of incomplete information systems via the tolerance relationship similar matrix. Finally, according to attribute frequency in the tolerance relationship similar matrix, as the heuristic knowledge, makes use of binsearch heuristic algorithm to calculate the candidate attribute expansion so that it can reduce the expansion times to speed up reduction. Experiment results show that the algorithm is simple and effective.
Measurement of Optical and Radiation Transmittance of Thermotropic Material
Authors: Yao Jian
Published: May 2010

Thermally induced switching temperature, spectral transmittance of a new kind of thermotropic material developed by a different mixing proportion of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), Sodium Chloride (NaCl) and pure water was measured. The optimum mixing proportion of samples for application was determined by solar radiation and outdoor temperature measurements. Radiation transmittance was tested on samples of a thermotropic double glazing window, double glazing window and Low-E double glazing window. Results show that thermotropic double-glazed window with the optimum mixing proportion of HPMC, NaCl and pure water of 2:10:100 by mass reduces radiation transmittance at fully turbid state by up to 72% and 32%, respectively, compared to the ordinary double-glazed window and Low-E double-glazed window which do not have adjustable radiation transmittance, and its radiation transmittance changed from transparent state to light scattering state is up to 60%, indicating a high performance on switching solar radiation and a great potential for energy efficient windows.
Prediction of Building Energy Consumption at Early Design Stage Based on Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Yao Jian
Published: May 2010

In this study, the main objective is to predict buildings heating and cooling energy consumption beneﬁtting from 18 building envelope performance parameters by using artiﬁcial neural network. A backpropagation neural network has been preferred and the data have been presented to network by being normalized. 7 Cases application study was carried out with conventional methods. The building energy simulation software DeST was used for the calculations of energy consumption and ANN toolbox of MATLAB was used for predictions. As a conclusion, when the calculated values compared with the outputs of the network, it is proven that ANN gives satisfactory results successful prediction rate of over 97% and will be helpful for designers in designing period of buildings.
Image Registration Using Clustering Algorithm
Authors: Tang Jun
Published: May 2010

This paper proposed a new method of image registration based on clustering algorithm. It used clustering algorithm to cluster all the feature vectors of images, and adopted EM algorithm to optimize the parameters and algorithm. Experimental result shows that the proposed image registration method can improve the precise of image registration, and reduce error.
Design of ZigBee Network Test and Control System Based on S3C2410
Authors: Cui Guang Zhao , Jin Song , Hu Zhi Hong , Guo Jin Chao , Shi Jun
Published: May 2010

Designed the ZigBee network test and control system. The key points of transplanting embedded OS linux were introduced￡and the embedded ARM-linux development platform was designed￡A ZigBee wireless sensor network monitoring system based on the platform was achieved￡JN5121 as a single-chip microprocessor was designed to be wireless microcontroller￡while S3C2410 with an advanced ARM9 core and JN5121 were made to be net data concentrator￡The design has high rate hardware reusing device that can well communicate with remote control center.
The Property of Kippenhahn Curves in Engineering Applications
Authors: Liu Xue Ting , Zhao Yan Lei , Zhang Hou Sheng
Published: May 2010

In this paper, let and be deoted reducible companion matrices, we study the property of the Kippenhahn curve and of the numerical rang being an elliptic disc by making use of matrices Kronecker sum , Kronecker product and Hadamard product and the Kippenhahn curve continually.
A Novel Transport Layer Protocol for Multi-Level Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Liu Zheng
Published: May 2010

This paper presents a novel transport layer protocol for multi-level wireless sensor networks. The node of lower level uses a lightweight transmission protocol, which predigests the head of segment and a six-state finite state machine is applied. In order to make the highest nodes convenient for connecting with exterior networks, we modify TCP in the aspects of segment caching and local segment retransmissions, and use the TCP modified in wireless sensor networks directly. Simulation results show that our design can improve the communication capability of the transmission layer in multilevel wireless sensor networks greatly.
3D Garment Real-Time Simulation in Character Animation
Authors: Liu Yang
Published: May 2010

In this paper, a framework of 3D Real-time Garment Simulation System for character animation is presented .For the problem of computational efficiency and stability for cloth physical modeling, we proposed a cloth mass-spring model based on constraint. Take geometry sphere and cylinder as example to explaining the whole strategy which used to dealing with cloth deformable bodies colliding with environment object. We described the procedure of physically based simulation, and illustrated the result and analysis of the experiment. By using the technique of parameterized human body modelling, virtual try-on was realized with the different shape of virtual character. Finally, integrating the techniques of character animation, physically based cloth simulation and non-precise deformable object collision handling, we create the real-time simulation animation of virtual character.
Research of Mechanism to System Flexibility Based on Embedded Real-Time System
Authors: Zhao Guo Dong , Zhang Guo Yin , Yao Ai Hong
Published: May 2010

This paper briefly describes the main ideas and coping strategies of mechanism to system flexibility based on embedded real-time system, designs the distributed system framework to system flexibility for the characteristics of embedded real-time systems. By building simulation testing environment based on RT-Linux real-time operating system, the impact of coping strategies of mechanism to system flexibility based on embedded real-time system and the distributed system framework to system flexibility on performance of RT-Linux was tested.
Car-Following Model Calibration and Analysis of Intra-Driver Heterogeneity
Authors: Wang Hao , Wang Wei , Chen Jun
Published: May 2010

This paper presents a methodology for car-following models calibration with vehicle trajectory data. A two-step optimization method is performed for searching the best-fit parameters of two popular car-following models, namely, the Helly model and the IDM model. The model calibration results verify the validity of the optimization method. Based on the results of calibrations, the intra-driver heterogeneity of driving behavior between the acceleration process and the deceleration process is studied. It is found that obvious intra-driver heterogeneities exist in driving behaviours between acceleration processes and deceleration processes of car-following. Besides, some criteria are proposed for the selection of sub-trajectories corresponding to both the acceleration and the deceleration processes of car-following. This work not only develops a general approach for car-following model calibration with vehicle trajectory data, but also provides insight into the intra-driver heterogeneity in car-following behaviours.
Weak Signal Detection Principle Based on Chaotic Duffing Oscillator and its Simulation Method
Authors: Cai Ming Shan
Published: May 2010

Based on Matlab as the software platform, chaos detection principle and methods used for weak signals detection are studied. The model used for simulation is established, then the simulation results of weak periodic signal detection in strong noise atmosphere are given and the steps for detecting weak signals with chaos method are listed. Furthermore, the influence of sampling period on system’s performance is studied. Simulation results show that the chao detection approach proposed in this paper can detect the signal even if it is small to 10-10v, and even when it is in the environment with strong noise, small signal with magnitude of only 5×10-9 v can be found. Chaos method has strong capability for weak signal detection which lay important foundation for exploiting virtual instrument.
The Structure of Fuzzifying Measure Space and Fuzzifying Measure
Authors: Luo Shi Hua
Published: May 2010

A new so-called fuzzifying measurable theory that generalizes the classical measurable theory is established, the essence of which is a fuzzy measure on a multiple-valued algebra. First, the semantics method of continuous-valued logic is used to describe the new measure succinctly. Then, the structures of the new theory are discussed in detail and some of the key structural features of the classic measure can be successfully extended to the new theory. Lastly, the product of the two fuzzifying measures is studied and a problem, which is similar to the third of the open problems in fuzzy measure by Z. Wang, is considered.
LDA-Based Automatic Image Annotation Model
Authors: Liu Zheng
Published: May 2010

This paper presents LDA-based automatic image annotation by visual topic learning and related annotation extending. We introduce the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) model in visual application domain. Firstly, the visual topic which is most relevant to the unlabeled image is obtained. According to this visual topic, the annotations with highest likelihood serve as seed annotations. Next, seed annotations are extended by analyzing the relationship between seed annotations and related Flickr tags. Finally, we combine seed annotations and extended annotations to construct final annotation set. Experiments conducted on corel5k dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model.
Application of RBF-STARMA Model in Shipping Flow Forecasting
Authors: Huang Hong Qiong , Lin Shu Lan , Tang Tian Hao , Li Ji Fang
Published: May 2010

Based on the idea of the neural network, intelligent computing methods are used to analyze temporal and spatial data. We present the temporal and spatial autocorrelation moving average (STARMA) model based on the in-depth systematic study on time sequence of hybrid model. Firstly this paper uses radial basis function neural network to extract the temporal and spatial sequence which is non-stationary caused by large-scale non-linear trend, secondly this paper presents STARMA modeling of small-scale random spatial and temporal variation. Comparative analysis between the original data and the forecasting data shows that proposed hybrid model has better performance of fitting and generalization.
A Design of Ultrawide Band Planar Monopole Antenna Based on Microstrip Pentagonal Patch
Authors: Gao Ming Hua
Published: May 2010

An ultra-wide band planar monopole antenna is presented in this paper. This antenna uses a pentagonal patch as radiation unit and is fed by a microstrip line. The relevant simulation is performed by using Ansoft HFSS. The return loss curve and the radiation patterns of this new antenna are given. And the effect of the size of the various parts of the antenna on the reflection loss is analyzed. Experimental results show that the proposed antenna provides an ultra-wide bandwidth (1.70~12.90 GHz) for return loss less than -10dB (VSWR<2). It is suitable for current ultra-wide band communication systems.
The Design and Implementation of Liquid Surface Tension Coefficient Measurement System Based on Virtual Instrument
Authors: Li Wen Lian , Ren Xiang Dong , Zhang Jing Jing , Li Yang
Published: May 2010

With Virtual Instrument technology, the authors designed liquid surface tension coefficient measurement system which has realized the computer measurement of the liquid surface tension coefficient by using of computers and data acquisition card and ELVIS and LabVIEW software and combining with the stress-sensitive sensor. Not only measurement speed is faster and more accurate, processing data is more convenient, operating performance is more stable, but also the measurement’s digitization and computerization is realized, and the system has laid a good foundation for processing the data further.
Tracing the Key Stations in Multi-Stations Manufacturing Process
Authors: Shao Hong Yu , Guo Wei
Published: May 2010

The product quality will be affected by various stations during the multi-stations manufacturing. Various stations will have a mutual effect. The traditional process statistical control method can not find out the root of problems in a timely manner after errors in the products. This article has raised the concept of virtual stations on the basis of variation transferring model and then accurately find out the malfunction stations through assumption inspection. Finally, this article has taken the processing process of steering knuckle as an example to verify the raised theory.
Lifetime and Reliability Assessment of AlN Substrates Used in Harsh Aeronautic Environments Power Switch Modules
Authors: Zéanh Adrien , Dalverny Olivier , Karama Moussa , Bouzourene Arezki
Published: May 2010

This paper presents a Finite Elements Modelling (FEM) based methodology dedicated to the evaluation of the lifetime and the reliability of assemblies involving brittle materials under cyclic loading. It focuses on the particular case of metal bonded Aluminium Nitride (AlN) substrates used in power electronic switch modules. The ceramic fracture criterion was formulated according to the weakest link concept, under Weibull's approach. The material's parameters were determined by running three points bending tests. In order to check the relevancy of the proposed methodology, a non linear thermomechanical Finite Elements Model allowed computing the number of thermal cycles before substrate brittle fracture within a test vehicle, which was then compared to experimental results. Once validated, the methodology was applied to two different configurations of a power switch module, designed for harsh environment aeronautic applications. The corresponding external loading profile was considered to compute and monitor the evolution of the maximal principal stresses within the ceramic substrates whole volumes. Their lifetimes and reliabilities was finally assessed and compared to the applications requirements.
Prediction of Lifetime in Static Fatigue at High Temperatures for Ceramic Matrix Composites
Authors: Loseille O. , Lamon Jacques
Published: May 2010

Previous works have shown that ceramic matrix composites are sensitive to
delayed failure during fatigue in oxidizing environments. The phenomenon of slow crack
growth has been deeply investigated on single fibers and multifilament tows in previous
papers. The present paper proposes a multiscale model of failure driven by slow crack growth
in fibers, for 2D woven composites under a constant load. The model is based on the delayed
failure of longitudinal tows. Additional phenomena involved in the failure of tows have been
identified using fractographic examination of 2D woven SiC/SiC composite testspecimens
after fatigue tests at high temperatures. Stochastic features including random load sharing,
fiber overloading, fiber characteristics and fiber arrangement within the tows have been
introduced using appropriate density functions. Rupture time predictions are compared to
experimental data.
Links Between Machining Parameters and Surface Integrity in Drilling Ni-Superalloy
Authors: Dutilh Vincent , Dessein Gilles , Alexis Joël , Perrin Géraldine
Published: May 2010

In aerospace industry, the manufacturing of critical parts (high energy components) requires an important validation process to guarantee the quality of the produced parts, and thus their fatigue lifecycle. Globally, this validation consists in freezing the cutting conditions using metallurgical analysis or fatigue trials, and a test on the first article. This process is extremely complex and expensive. In this way establishing the correlation between the cutting conditions and the surface integrity will help us to optimize the manufacture of those parts.
In this article, by the means of an experimental method, we define a domain of validation by combining the cutting conditions according to the classic criteria established by AFNOR E66-520 norm (Couple-Tool-Material) and the criteria of surface integrity for the drilling of a Nickel-base superalloy.
The experimental device consists in drilling a Ø15.5 mm hole on a 3-axis milling centre instrumented by a 4 components Kistler dynamometer (Fx, Fy, Fz and Mz), a spindle power sensor “Watt-pilote” and three accelerometers placed following the directions X, Y and Z. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) observations, micro-hardness tests and topographic measurements with an optical profilometer, are carried out to characterize the metallurgical state of the holes manufactured.
Finally, correlations were respectively made between the cutting conditions, the recorded signals and the metallurgical state of the holes.
Chemical Structure Influence of Silicone Adhesives on Curing Process
Authors: Nassiet Valérie , Gros Celine , Charlas Mathieu , Habas Jean-Pierre
Published: May 2010

The density increase of components used in power converters involves cooling problems and results to the use of new materials and innovative assembly processes (such as adhesive bonding). Searching for an adhesive family leads to the silicones. This paper focuses on the silicone adhesive formulation as regards the use requirements (temperature range, chemical agents). This first article is dealing with the influence of chemical structure on vulcanization process parameters and physical properties before ageing. The first adhesive family is the oxime terminated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) adhesive’s one which cures as soon as it enters in contact with air moisture. This cure process seems too sensitive to humidity and temperature and involves a too long time process for industrial applications. On the contrary the process for silicone cured by polyaddition is easy. Besides, the introduction of a few phenyl groups in dimethylsiloxane backbone makes the PDMS free from crystallisation ensuring the silicone flexibility in a higher use temperature range.
Thermo-Mechanical Behaviour of the Raffinate Resulting from the Aqueous Extraction of Sunflower whole Plant in Twin-Screw Extruder: Manufacturing of Biodegradable Agromaterials by Thermo-Pressing
Authors: Evon Philippe , VanDenBossche Virginie , Pontalier Pierre-Yves , RIGAL Luc
Published: May 2010

Biorefinery of sunflower whole plant can be realized using a twin-screw extruder. Thermo-mechanical fractionation and aqueous extraction are conducted simultaneously. A filter section is outfitted along the barrel to collect continuously an extract and a raffinate (cake meal). Oil yield obtained is 53%. Proteins are partly extracted at the same time, just as pectins and hemicelluloses. Protein yield is 46%. Cake meal is relatively moist (66% for the moisture content). It is first dried to make easier its conservation. It is largely composed of lignocellulosic fibres (59% of the dry matter) from depithed stalk. Lipid content is 13% of the dry matter or 35% of the oil in whole plant. Protein content is 7% of the dry matter or 45% of the proteins in whole plant. DSC measurements indicate that denaturation of proteins is almost complete in the cake meal. DMTA spectrum of its milled powder reveals a significant peak at high temperature (between 175 and 200°C). As already observed with industrial sunflower cake meal, it can be associated with the glass transition of proteins. As a mixture of fibres and proteins, the cake meal can be considered as a natural composite. It is successfully processed into biodegradable and value-added agromaterials by thermo-pressing. As for DMTA analysis, the glass transition of proteins in the cake meal is also observed with PVT analysis at around 180°C. It makes easier the choice of the best thermo-pressing conditions to produce panels with higher mechanical properties in bending. These properties increase simultaneously with temperature, pressure and time chosen for molding operation. The highest flexural strength at break (11.5 MPa) and the highest elastic modulus (2.22 GPa) are obtained for the next molding conditions: 200°C and 320 kgf/cm2 during 60 s. Drop angle measurements show that the corresponding panel is also the most resistant to water. No significant transition is observed inside this panel above 0°C and until 200°C with DMTA analysis. Proteins ensure the agromaterial cohesion without any phase change in this temperature range, and fibres entanglement also acts like reinforcement. This panel could be used as inter-layer sheets for pallets or for the manufacturing of biodegradable containers (composters, crates for vegetable gardening) by assembly of panels.
A Study of Mechanisms of Poly (PhenyleneSulfide) Thermal Degradation in Air
Authors: Gros Celine , Tarrieu Julie , Nassiet Valérie , Dutarde Emmanuel
Published: May 2010

Because of its special properties and commercial significance, Poly(phenylene sulfide) (PPS) has been the subject of many research efforts since its commercial introduction in 1967. Intensive work has been done on its crystalline structure and morphology and its thermal behaviour. But fewer investigations have been carried out to understand long term behaviour in high temperature environments.
Always anticipating industrial needs linked to power integration, we have launched an extensive study on thermal aging in air of PPS at 250°C.
This study has shown that PPS thermal degradation in air happens by intermolecular branching reaction, similar to crosslinking. This phenomenon was already known for temperature above 300°C.
This crosslinking is evidenced by rheometry where the relative position of G’ and G’’ above melting temperature changes with aging. IR spectroscopy confirms that para substituted benzene in PPS molecule is transformed in 1,2,4 trisubstituted benzene. DSC measurements evidence both an elevation of melting temperature and a change in melting endotherm showing significant changes in crystalline morphology along aging, which tends to indicate that crosslinking occurs in crystalline phase.
Then degradation implies drastic loss of mechanical properties leading to destruction of the sample.
Thermodynamic and Transport Properties of CNT-Water Based Nanofluids
Authors: Ponmozhi J. , Gonçalves F.A.M.M. , Ferreira A.G.M. , Fonseca I.M.A. , Kanagaraj S. , Martins N. , Oliveira Monica S.A.
Published: May 2010

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) – perhaps the most enticing class of nano-materials, can be added in small volume fractions to enhance the thermal properties of fluids when process intensification or even device miniaturization is required. This work reports on the results obtained when measuring viscosity, and thermal conductivity of homogenous CNTs – water based nanofluids. The influence of CNTs volume concentration on the nanofluid thermo-physical properties is studied and measurements are undertaken at different temperatures, ranging from 283.15 K to 333.15 K. The nanofluids have been prepared by adding different volume concentrations of treated CNTs to water. The latter has been then sonicated for one hour and the colloidal stability monitored via UV – vis spectrophotometer. The absorbance of the nanofluid was observed at 263 nm, and the average concentration of CNTs was maintained at 9.35 mg/l, even after 200 hours, over 97% when compared with the initial concentration. The viscosity was measured using a controlled stress rheometer, and the measurements were performed in the shear rate ranging from 0 to 600 sec-1. At the same shear rate and temperature, the viscosity was observed to rise with increasing CNTs volume concentration. In what concerns thermal conductivity, it was assessed with a KD2 pro thermal property tester from Decagon Devices and the results clearly show that thermal conductivity rises with CNTs volume fraction, reaching its maximum at 2.5%vol where it represents more than 100% enhancement when the comparison is established with the corresponding value for the base fluid, at the same temperature conditions (i.e. 283.15 – 303.15 K). Furthermore, at higher temperatures (i.e. 313.15 – 333.15 K), the latter, for up to 1%vol concentration represents a 70% enhancement in thermal conductivity.