bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bibliometric Analysis in the Context of Earthquake and Türkiye
Authors: Çelik İbrahim Halil
Published: January 2025

Türkiye has experienced many earthquakes of different magnitudes throughout history. Since the destructive consequences of these earthquakes lead to disasters, they have an important place in terms of disaster management. Considering the seismicity of Türkiye, this study aims to present a bibliometric analysis of the studies on earthquakes and Türkiye from the Web of Science (WOS) database. In the study, filters were applied within the framework of various criteria, and analyses were made in the VOSviewer program. Within the scope of the study, it was determined that studies on Earthquake & Türkiye have increased in recent years, the journal with the most publications is Geophysical Journal International, and the most cited study is “Progressive failure on the North Anatolian fault since 1939 by earthquake stress triggering”.It was determined that Barka, Aykut stand out among the authors regarding total link strength and citations, and Ergintav, Semih regarding number of documents and co-authorship. In terms of countries, the USA is the country with the most publications after Türkiye. In terms of keywords, earthquake, Türkiye and the North Anatolian Fault Zone came to the fore. It is thought that this study will be an important reference for researchers who want to study earthquakes in Türkiye.
Hydrometeorological Disasters in the Context of the Climate Crisis: A Regional Disaster Inventory Study in Türkiye
Authors: Yaşar Mustafa Kemal , Gümrükçüoğlu Yiğit Mahnaz
Published: January 2025

The rapid growth of the global population, irregular urbanization and industrialization, present challenges to the sustainability of life and the world is currently facing an increasing prevalence of both natural and anthropogenic disasters. Climate change further exacerbates this situation by contributing to the rising frequency and intensity of hydrometeorological events. To effectively minimize the negative impacts of disasters, knowing assessing and analyzingtheir frequency, intensity, and consequences is essential. This necessitates the development of comprehensive disaster inventories. Such studies involve collecting and analyzing critical data to identify and manage potential disaster risks within specific regions. In this present study evaluates the long-term diversity of hydrometeorological disasters in the Sakarya, Kocaeli, and Istanbul provinces, situated in the Çatalca-Kocaeli section in the Marmara Region of Turkey. The study utilizes data from the General Directorate of Meteorology to analyze hydrometeorological disasters occurring from 1975 to 2020 across these provinces, with a focus on diversity, frequency, damages, and fatalities, evaluated on both an annual and seasonal basis. Damages are classified as light, moderate, or severe. This inventory is designed to offer valuable insights for researchers and policymakers aimed at mitigating loss of life and property damage. Additionally, it encompasses recommendations for disaster risk reduction strategies.
Afetlerde Aydınlatma, Haberleşme ve Enerji İhtiyacının Tek Noktadan Karşılanması için Şebeke ve Direk Tasarımı
Authors: Aksoy Levent , Yardımcı Coşkun İlknur
Published: January 2025

Afetlerin ardından, afetzedeler acil maddi ve tıbbi yardımın ötesine geçen çok sayıda ihtiyaçla karşı karşıyadır. Bununla birlikte nüfus yoğunluğunun fazla olduğu şehirlerde afet sonrası müdahale süresi uzamaktadır. Artan nüfus ve kentleşme, afetlerin etkilerini daha da artırmakta ve müdahale planlarının daha karmaşık hale gelmesine neden olmaktadır. Bu sebeple kentler afet sonrası aydınlatma, haberleşme, enerji gibi temel gereksinimleri kendi kendilerine karşılayabilecekleri şekilde donatılmalıdır. Afetlerde aydınlatma, haberleşme ve enerji ihtiyaçlarının tek bir kaynaktan karşılanması, enerji verimliliği ve sağlam altyapı çözümleri gerektiren çok disiplinli bir yaklaşıma dayanır. Afet sonrası süreçlerin hızla ve etkili bir şekilde yürütülebilmesi, bu hizmetlerin kesintisiz devamına bağlıdır. Bu çalışmada, sistematik bir literatür taraması sonucunda, mühendislik tasarımı yöntemi ile çok fonksiyonlu bir direk tasarımı geliştirilmiş ve matematiksel modelleme ile sistemin kapasite ve diğer parametreleri değerlendirilmiştir. Bu hibrit direk, afetlerde aydınlatma, enerji ve haberleşme hizmetlerini bir arada sunan bir ağ yapısına sahiptir. Direk, farklı enerji üretim yöntemleri, veri aktarım seçenekleri, kablosuz erişim noktası, mobil şarj noktaları, sensörler ve IoT cihazları gibi donanımları entegre eder. Bu tasarımın, afet anında ve sonrasında afetzedelerin temel ihtiyaçlarını karşılamada önemli bir rol oynaması beklenmektedir.
3-Boyutlu Kaya Düşme Analizlerinde Geri Verme Katsayısı Etkisinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Uykun İbrahim , Akın Mutluhan , Varol Ogün Ozan
Published: January 2025

Türkiye, jeolojik, jeomorfolojik ve iklim özellikleri nedeniyle bulunduğu coğrafyada doğal afetler sık yaşanmakta ve bu afetler arasında kaya düşmeleri, ülkenin pek çok bölgesinde ciddi can ve mal kayıplarına yol açmaktadır. Kaya düşme modelleme çalışmalarında girdi parametresi olarak kullanılan normal (Rn) ve tanjant (Rt) arazi geri verme katsayıları, blokların kinetik enerjisi ve hızıyla birlikte yuvarlanma mesafelerini belirleyen temel parametrelerdir. Bu katsayılar, kaya düşme analizlerinde bloğun yamaç yüzeyine çarpma esnasındaki enerji ve hız kayıplarını belirler, böylece modelde bloğun nasıl bir yörünge ve hareket dinamiği izleyeceğini ortaya koymaktadır. Geri verme katsayıları, arazi deneyleri (blok düşürme) veya kaya düşmelerinin yaşandığı sahalardaki daha önce düşen blokların konumları üzerinden geriye dönük analizlerle belirlenebilmekte veya arazi deneyleri ve geriye dönük analizlerin uygulanamadığı alanlarda, benzer litolojilere sahip veya yakın bölgeler için daha önceki bilimsel çalışmalarda kullanılan verilerden yararlanılabilmektedir. Bu çalışma kapsamında, kaya düşme modellemelerinde yapılan analizlerde farklı yöntemler kullanılarak belirlenebilen ve analizler için önemli bir parametre olan arazi geri verme katsayılarının (Rn ve Rt) yuvarlanma hattı, sıçrama yüksekliği, kinetik enerji ve yanal saçılım gibi unsurlar üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Yapılan çalışmada, gerçek bir sayısal yüzey modeli kullanılarak 3-boyutlu kaya düşme simülasyonları gerçekleştirilmiş ve yapılan analizlerde Rn ve Rt katsayılarının değerleri belirli sınırlar arasında değiştirilerek parametreler üzerindeki etkisi belirlenmiştir. Yapılan çalışma sonucunda, Rn ve Rt arazi geri verme katsayılarındaki değişimlerin tüm parametrelerde farklı oranlarda değişikliğe neden olduğu ve analiz sonuçlarının karşılaştırılması ile Rt katsayısının Rn katsayısına kıyasla parametreler üzerinde daha etkili olduğu veri setleri ve dağılım grafikleri ile ortaya konmuştur. Rt katsayısının değerinin artması ile özellikle 0,5 değerinden itibaren yuvarlanma mesafesi ve yanal saçılımlar da önemli değişiklikler belirlenmiştir.
Afet ve Acil Durum Toplanma Alanlarının İncelenmesi ve Potansiyel Alanların Önerilmesi: Trabzon Akçaabat Örneği
Authors: Kara Gülten , Yavruoğlu Kadir Kaan
Published: January 2025

Afet ve acil durum toplanma alanları, genellikle deprem gibi doğal afetler, yangın, terör saldırısı gibi acil durumlarda insanlara kritik saatlerde barınma imkânı sağlayan, insanların temel ihtiyaçlarını sağlayabilecekleri ve güvenli bir şekilde bekleyebilecekleri yerlerdir. Bu alanlar genellikle açık ve yeşil alanlar olarak belirlenir ve insanların kolayca ulaşabileceği konumda yer alır. Afet ve acil durum toplanma alanlarının seçilen ölçütlere göre değerlendirilmesi, toplumun güvenliği ve afet yönetimi açısından kritik bir rol oynamaktadır. Toplanma alanlarının etkin bir şekilde değerlendirilmesi, eksikliklerin ve gereksinimlerin belirlenmesi afet yönetimi süreçlerini kolaylaştırır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Trabzon Akçaabat ilçesi afet ve acil durum toplanma alanlarını erişilebilirlik, kullanılabilirlik ve çok fonksiyonluluk, teknik altyapı olanakları, alansal büyüklük ve kapasite, çevresindeki binaların kat yüksekliği, çevresindeki binalar ile arasındaki mesafe, deniz ve dere yataklarına olan mesafe ölçütlerine göre değerlendirmektir. Değerlendirme sonuçlarına göre afet ve acil durum toplanma alanlarının ilçe genelinde yetersiz olduğu belirlenmiş ve potansiyel toplanma alanları önerilmiştir. Ayrıca Akçaabat ilçesi afet ve acil durum toplanma alanlarının eksikleri ve gereksinimleri için önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
ASSOCIATION ANALYSIS OF MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE GENE ABCB1 IN BREAST CANCER PATIENTS OF PUNJAB
Authors: Kaur Galhna Kiranjeet , Kaur Kamaljeet , Kaur Satbir , Kaur Rajinder
Published: January 2025

Aims: This study aims to determine the frequency distribution of genetic polymorphisms of ABCB1 (rs1128503 and rs1045642) gene in breast cancer patients and the healthy controls and the association of these genotypes, if any, with susceptibility to breast cancer.

Methods: The present case control study was conducted on the population of Punjab (North India). The cases included 300 breast cancer confirmed patients and the control group included (n=300) healthy female volunteers from general public after taking clearance from Institutional Ethical Committee (IEC) of Punjabi University, Patiala. Genomic DNA was isolated from whole blood collected in EDTA coated tubes by employing the standard inorganic (Salting Out) extraction method (Miller et al, 1988). PCR-RFLP technique was used for the amplification of the target region of the gene by using a single pair of primers. Genotyping of the PCR products and digested fragments obtained after RFLP was done by agarose gel electrophoresis. For PCR products, 1% gel was made and for the restriction digestion products, 3.5% gel was made. After separation, the bands representing products/ fragments were visualized under UV light for genotyping.

Results:The frequency distribution of CC, CT, and TT genotypes of rs1045642 (C3435T) among breast cancer patients were 34%, 46.67% and 19.33% and among controls were 38.67%, 45.67% and 15.67% respectively. The frequencies of genotypes CC, CT and TT of rs1128503 (C1236T) among cases were 28%, 45.67% and 26.33% and among controls were 28.33%, 42% and 29.67%, respectively. The frequency of the wild allele (C) and mutant allele (T) of rs1045642 among cases was 57.33% and 42.67% and among controls, 61.5% and 38.5% respectively. The frequencies of the wild allele (CC) and mutant allele (T) of rs1128503 among cases were 50.83% and 49.17% and among controls were 49.33% and 50.67%, respectively.For association analysis, the contingent chi square test did not show any statistically significant differences between cases and controls for rs1045642 and rs1128503 gene polymorphisms neither at genotypic level and nor at allelic level.

Conclusion: We found no evidence that reveals any statistically significant association of C3435T and C1236T polymorphisms with susceptibility to breast cancer in Punjab, India.
SUCCESSFUL MANAGEMENT OF PATIENT OF INHALATIONAL INJURY INDUCED ARDS
Authors: Singh Thakur Pravin , Vagyannavar Raghavendra , Singh Apoorva , Pandey Amit , Singh B.P , Jain Pragyasri
Published: January 2025

Background: Involvement in fire accidents can be associated with inhalational injury resulting from inhalation of smoke or chemical products of combustion, which can further lead to ALI and ARDS Here we present a case of successful management of a 22 year old patient who suffered from CO poisoning with inhalational injury induced ARDS.

Case Description: A 22-year-old male came in with alleged history of involvement in a fire accident at a hotel. Initially suspected of having CO poisoning along with severe acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Patient was initially managed on HFNC but shifted to IMV and managed according to ARDS protocol. Over a period of 12 days, we were able to successfully treat him and move him out of the ICU.

Discussion and Conclusion: Treatment of CO poisoning is established as immediate removal of victim from the exposure and administration of high flow 100% O2. Since, there is no single management protocol for inhalational injury, this case was treated as per ARDS management protocol with bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage, which helped in significantly improving the patientÂ’s oxygenation status and earlier recovery than expected. Hence, we hypothesize that employment of early bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage helps in accelerating the recovery of patients suffering from inhalational injury induced ARDS.
COMMUNICATIVE LANGUAGE TEACHING (CLT) METHOD IN TERTIARY EDUCATION OF PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES OF BANGLADESH: CHALLENGES, INNOVATION AND PERSPECTIVES
Authors:   Pabna University of Science and Technology (PUST)., Hossain Mokarrom
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) as a remedial measure for the development of English language proficiency. It identifies the relationship between CLT with English performance and major challenges faced by the students. This study is mixed approach research containing quantitative tool, a questionnaire and qualitative tool, Focused Group Discissions (FGD) respectively. Findings suggest that 64% of the population agree that the use of authentic language increases English language performance andthe students agreed with point that the medium of instruction of the tertiary language education should be English for enhancing the communication skill. Students are concerned with present learning methodology and it has less pair work and group work for the communicative skills. It is recommended there should be authentic materials for the students to learn English language so that they can feel motivated for learning a foreign language.In the classroom, students should get enough opportunities for the oral practice. Classroom materials must be modified through revision so that the four skills can be focused equally. For the purpose of adopting CLT, selected universities should be equipped with the appropriate infrastructure and materials, such as audio-visual classrooms, language labs, constant electricity supplies, calm and quiet classrooms, and other items.
Reviving the Indian Legacy through Classical Literature: A Comprehensive Study
Authors:   Associate Professor, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Khanam Rafat , Sharma Muskan ,   B.A. LLB. 3rd Year, Institute of Law, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University
Published: January 2025

Indian classical literature is one of the dazzling diamonds in the treasure trove of world literature. It has its captive aura and a lot of significant cultural values with profound wisdom. Classical Indian tales are noteworthy mesmerizing tapestries that transport us to a world of enchantment and wonder. It serves as a gateway to the great Indian history, culture, tradition, and values of Akhand Bharat. These classical tales contain alluring characters, beneficial teachings, vital lessons, and epic adventures. These tales have been conceded from generation to generation and truly showcase the glory of India. In this research, we delve into the rich tapestry of Indian literature, exploring its diverse genres, themes, and cultural attributes. Through a comprehensive analysis of an epic poem like the Bhagavad Gita by Vyasa, the readers will be enlightened with Lord Krishna’s teachings, which guide various aspects of present-day life. The authors attempt to stimulate the fundamental attributes in human beings such as duty, righteousness, self-realization, and the nature of the soul. This paper also sheds light upon the victory of goddesses over demons through the prominent characters such as Devi Mahtmaya (Sapshati) and Chandi Path of MarkandeyaPurana by Markandeya and the authors endeavor to inspire women worldwide with these classical tales. By examining these literary masterpieces, we unfold the universal themes and timeless prudence that resonates with readers worldwide. This research paper contributes to exploring the classical tales with a modern perspective and presents them with a revisionist lens.
Feminist Vision and Imaginative Language: An Analysis Based on Amrita Shergill’s Artwork
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Printmaking Discipline, Khulna University, Liza Lutfunnahar
Published: January 2025

Amrita Shergill (1913–1941), a pioneering female Indian artist, used creative language to express her feminist viewpoint in her works of art. Shergill primarily aims to express herself and draw attention to the human condition, especially in her feminism-focused pieces. She was the first woman in the subcontinent to represent herself in her paintings as an artist. On a professional issue, she filled the gap between artists and models. She started to exhibit strange human indications. Her artwork captures the complexity of women while overcoming social conventions and cultural obstacles. Shergill is a talented artist who captures the many facets of the feminine identity. Her work questions conventional wisdom around gender and power dynamics. Everyone has been impacted by her art, no matter their age. Feminist art is used to contextualize Shergill’s successor, emphasizing the art’s continuing role in challenging social norms and promoting gender equality. Her artwork crosses national borders, providing light on human nature and sparking conversations about feminism, art, and life in general today. This abstract looks at Shergill’s new concepts and emphasizes how her work is still helpful in challenging cultural norms and improving gender equality. A qualitative approach is used in this article to analyze the intricate interplay between feminist vision and imaginative language through feminist theoretical frameworks and art criticism; this article explores the connection between feminist vision and imaginative language in 20th-century artist Amrita Shergill’s artwork.

Keywords: Feminism, Amrita Shergill, Indian modern art, Cultural identity, Creative language.
Engendering the Streets through Protests: Historicising Feminist Street Performances from Om Swaha (1979) to Dastak (2012)
Authors:   Sr. Assistant Professor, Vivekananda School of Journalism and Mass Communication, Vivekananda Institute of Professional Studies-Technical Campus. New Delhi, India., Ghosh Priyam
Published: January 2025

The cityscape is constantly touted as a much-used scenographic background, with enormous deployment of technological apparatus to stage everything. This paper delves into the intersection of second-wave feminist movements and street theatre within the context of India, juxtaposing historical occurrences with contemporary settings. It scrutinizes the dynamics of urban landscapes as pivotal settings for performative activism, employing technology in staging events like street theatres and Queer pride parades. These spaces, while spotlighting identity politics, also unveil the underpinning surveillance apparatus, often rebranded as ‘safe spaces’ under the aegis of a neo-liberal state. Focusing on the anti-dowry protest in the late 1970s and the anti-rape movement of 2012 in Delhi, this paper scrutinizes selected protest performances that transpired during this period. By employing theoretical frameworks that delve into the amalgamation of social memory within performance texts and the structured embodiment of performers, this paper seeks to analyze the transformative impact of these performances during the anti-rape movement, shedding light on their socio-political significance in contemporary India.
Quality of Life and Bank Investments of the Population in the Regions of the Russian Federation
Authors: Arshakyan R. A. , Kurbatsky A. N. , Mironenkova M. V.
Published: January 2025

Improving the living standards of citizens and improving the investment climate are the key benchmarks of any state.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between quality of life and the growth of bank deposits in the regions of Russia.

Materials and methods. The integral index of the quality of life of the population of the Russian regions from 2011 to 2021 was assessed using the method of principal components based on blocks of variables reflecting not only material but also spiritual and moral spheres of society. The authors analyzed the presence of correlation between the integral index of the quality of life and the volume of bank deposits. Assuming that the integral index of the quality of life can have a significant impact on the growth of bank deposits, panel data models with fixed and random effects were constructed and analyzed. The data from the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat) and from open Russian Internet resources on banking analytics were used in the paper.

Results. The paper shows that despite the presence of a stable correlation between the value of the integral index of the quality of life and the estimate of the volume of deposits, the quality of life does not have a significant impact on the growth of bank investments. Regional inflation is expected to have a negative impact on deposit growth.

Conclusion. The increase in free cash stimulates the population to choose the most reliable ways of their preservation and multiplication, for example, bank deposits. However, improving the quality of their lives, the population may begin to consider other, albeit less reliable, but perhaps more profitable areas of investment, such as real estate or mutual funds. In addition, today the compensation for deposits in a bank, in respect of which an insured event has occurred, is paid to the depositor in the amount not exceeding 1.4 million rubles, which encourages agents to consider other investment instruments, if the available free cash exceeds the above amount. In conditions when the growth rates of consumer prices exceed the return on deposits, their real return becomes negative, which means that the population will look for alternative ways of investment. Analysis that takes into account different types of investment by regions of the country is currently a difficult task due to the aggregation and non-transparency of this type of data. We also note that the turbulent period starting from 2022, characterized by a sharp increase in interest rates, requires separate consideration.
Critical Discourse of Social Space in Urban Sustainable Development: A Neo-Marxian Social-spatial Political Perspective
Authors: Geraldy Galang
Published: January 2025

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) have grown prevalent in development discourse across numerous cities, incorporating economic, ecological, and social aspects. The critical discourse on social space in urban sustainable development, viewed through the lens of neo-Marxian socio-spatial politics, underscores the intricate interplay among space, power, and economy within the urban environment. The language of the SDGs is examined through the lens of capitalist economic frameworks and power dynamics in the development of urban environments. Sustainable development frequently entails intricate conflicts of interest among diverse stakeholders, including governments, corporations, local communities, and civil society organizations. Figures such as Henry Lefebvre and David Harvey engage in neo-Marxian social-spatial political critique. Manuel Castell and Edward Soja emphasize that power and spatial control frequently engender conflict through the commodification of space, illustrating that urban and rural areas are often regarded as commodities for economic profit, leading to gentrification, forced evictions, and social alienation. Economic and social disparities are manifested in spatial inequalities within urban development. Neo-Marxist socio-spatial political theorists emphasize equality, social justice, and individuals' rights to urban space. The research of SDGs is predominantly focused on the junction of economic and ecological mutualism, rather than sufficiently addressing the social and spatial components. This neo-Marxian social-spatial political approach elucidates the complexities and inequities inherent in urban development, providing an analytical framework to comprehend and tackle the issues associated with attaining sustainable and inclusive urban growth.
Corporate social responsibility management for sustainable development: A systematic literature review
Authors:   Faculty of Management Science, Silpakorn University, Phetchaburi, Thailand, Jaroensombut Lertlak , Yiengthaisong Annop ,   Department of Educational Policy, Management, and Leadership, Faculty of Education, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, Sakolnakorn Thongphon Promsaka Na ,   Faculty of Management Science, Silpakorn University, Phetchaburi, Thailand
Published: January 2025

This study aims to explore the role of corporate social responsibility (CSR) management in promoting sustainable growth. Using content and descriptive analysis, the study examines secondary data from research articles published in reputable journals. Key challenges in CSR management include aligning business goals with social and environmental objectives, evaluating the effectiveness of CSR initiatives, and addressing skepticism or resistance from stakeholders. The integration of CSR practices is essential for businesses to enhance their reputation and build trust with stakeholders, such as customers, employees, and investors. By addressing social, environmental, and economic issues, companies can foster sustainable development and strengthen community relationships. CSR practices also help businesses manage risks, comply with regulations, and avoid legal issues. Additionally, CSR initiatives can drive innovation by encouraging the creation of sustainable products and services, improve employee morale, and attract talent seeking socially responsible workplaces. Ultimately, CSR contributes to long-term value creation, enhances market competitiveness, and positions companies as leaders in ethical and responsible business practices.
Role of growth factors (transforming growth factor β1 and connective tissue growth factor) in the progression of diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Hudz A.S. , Kudryl I.V.
Published: January 2025

Background. The study on the mechanisms of progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and growth factors that directly participate in this process is relevant, as it will allow substantia­ting a new possible direction of treatment and diagnosis. Aim is to establish the role of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in the development and progression of DR. Materials and methods. The study involved the results of the examination of 102 people with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were divided into 3 groups according to the stages of DR: first one — non-proliferative DR (NPDR, 35 people), second one — pre-proliferative (PPDR, 34 people) and third one — proli­ferative (PDR, 33 people). The control group consisted of 61 individuals. The patients underwent standard ophthalmic examinations. TGF-β1 in serum and intraocular fluid (IOF) and CTGF in IOF were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Invitrogen Thermo Fisher Sci., USA). Statistical analysis of the results was performed using the MedCalc Software package (MedCalc Software bvba, 1993–2013). Results. The blood TGF-β1 content was increased in patients with DR by 1.4–1.55 times compared to controls (p < 0.001). The difference in terms of DR stages was not statistically significant. The TGF-β1 content in IOF increased significantly depending on DR stages and was higher in NPDR by 1.2 times, in PPDR by 2.2 times, and in PDR by 5.0 times (p < 0.001) compared to controls. At the same time, the difference between all groups was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The CTGF content in the IOF also increased significantly and was 1.6 times higher in NPDR, 2.2 times higher in PPDR, and 3.2 times higher in PDR compared to controls (p < 0.001). Comparison of TGF-β1 and CTGF levels in the IOF showed that an increase was characteristic of both markers, but it was more pronounced for TGF-β1 in PDR. Conclusions. In our study, we found a significant increase in TGF-β1 and CTGF content in the IOF, which corresponded to the stage of DR. This suggests that both cytokines may be biomarkers of DR and are potential targets of its therapy.
Prognostic model for improving the quality of vision after phacoemulsification
Authors: Zhaboyedov D.G. , Kochuhur I.V.
Published: January 2025

Background. Phacoemulsification is one of the most common and effective methods of cataract surgery, which allows patients to restore their vision and improve quality of life. Given the significant variability in outcomes, there is a growing need to develop prognostic models that help predict the quality of vision after surgery. Such models consider clinical, demographic, and biometric data of patients, which allows doctors to personalize approach to treatment and optimize outcomes. However, even with such effective technologies, the result may not always meet the expectations of patients, as it depends on many factors. The purpose of the study was to create a prognostic model to determine the treatment algorithm for a patient with age-related cataract. Materials and methods. A study was conducted of 160 patients (160 eyes), 80 women and 80 men aged 45–75 years who were diagnosed with age-related cataract. They were divided into two groups: experimental one (80 patients) — initial visual acuity 0.8–1.0; control group (80 patients) — initial visual acuity < 0.8. The assessment was performed in two stages: 1 day before surgery and 1 month after surgery. MedStat and EZR programs were used for statistical processing. Results. To calculate the ROC curve of the multivariate model for visual quality improvement in patients after phacoemulsification, the following factors were taken into account: visual acuity, spherical aberrations, contrast sensitivity using the Pelly-Robson chart and the Clinic CSF Contrast Sensitivity test. According to the calculations, the AUC was found to be 0.89 (95% CI 0.79–0.99), which is statistically significantly (p < 0.05) different from 0.5 and is evidence of the model adequacy. Calculation of the model by the formula showed a better result in the experimental group (87.8 %) than in controls (76.2 %). Thus, with surgical intervention, the prognosis for improving the quality of vision is more favorable in the experimental group. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out surgeries at early stages, when the patient’s visual acuity is 0.8–1.0, in order to achieve the maximum quality of vision, unlike the control group. Conclusions. The proposed prognostic model for predicting the improvement of visual quality after phacoemulsification showed high accuracy and practical value. It was found that phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation in patients from the experimental group is more effective in achieving higher quality of vision than in controls. Thus, to achieve the best visual quality, surgical intervention should be performed at early stages.
Improving the technique of antiglaucomatous surgery by using absorbable suture material in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma
Authors: Zavgorodnia N.G. , Didenko L.G.
Published: January 2025

Background. Surgical treatment of glaucoma is aimed at achieving target intraocular pressure and obtaining a sustained hypotensive effect. Fibrosis of the filtering bleb in the early and late postoperative period leads to the search for new techniques to improve surgeries. The purpose was to assess the effectiveness of an improved surgical technique using absorbable suture material in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. Materials and methods. Work with patients was carried out in compliance with the general requirements and provisions of bioethics, which were approved by the First National Congress on Bioethics (Kyiv, 2001). Informed consent was obtained from each patient. Forty-nine individuals (47 eyes) with primary open-angle glaucoma took part in the study. The main group included 25 patients (27 eyes) with uncompensated open-angle glaucoma who underwent antiglaucomatous surgery using absorbable suture material. Control group consisted of 24 patients (20 eyes), in whom antiglaucomatous surgery was performed in a classical way without using of polyglycolide. Examinations were performed before surgery, each week after it for a month and then at 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 weeks. In addition to standard methods, ophthalmic examination included tonography on an electronic Model 30 Pneumatonometr (Reichert, USA), control of the morphological state of the filtering bleb was carried out by computer tomography using DRI OCT Triton (Topcon, Japan) and Visante OCT (Carl Zeiss, Germany). Results. In the main group in the postoperative period, the intraocular pressure stabilized, its level did not exceed 22 mm Hg, while in the control group, there was an increase in the average indicator to 28.1 mm Hg six months after surgery. The coefficient of the outflow facility in the postoperative period in the main group was more stable and amounted to 0.26 ± 0.06 mm3/min/mm Hg, and in the control group, there was a decrease to 0.19 ± 0.08 mm3/min/mm Hg, which indicated destabilization of hydrodynamic processes. Conclusions. The technique of antiglaucomatous surgeries improved by using absorbable suture material is more effective in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma compared to classic antiglaucomatous surgery.
Risk of ineffective treatment for diabetic retinopathy of different stages and prognostic factors that determine it
Authors: Serdiuk A.V. , Mogilevskyy S.Yu.
Published: January 2025

Background. The purpose was to study the effectiveness of diabetic retinopathy (DR) treatment with different methods and to establish prognostic indicators of its failure. Materials and me­thods. A total of 358 patients (358 eyes) with type 2 diabetes were examined and divided into groups: 1 — with non-proliferative DR (NPDR; 189 eyes), 2 — with preproliferative DR (PPDR; 96 eyes) and 3 — with proliferative DR (PDR; 73 eyes). The central retinal thickness and central retinal volume were determined by optical coherence tomography; serum fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin, cholesterol, high-, low- and very-low-density lipoproteins, triglycerides, fibrinogen — by colorimetric method; coagulation hemostasis parameters were evaluated as well. Patients were followed for 2 years with conservative, laser, surgical treatment and anti-VEGF therapy. The study results were analyzed using the EZR v. 1.54 package (Austria). Results. Conservative treatment was effective in 54.5 % of patients with NPDR. In PPDR and PDR, 98.8 % of patients showed slow or rapid progression of retinopathy after treatment. The independent factors that determined the failure of treatment for NPDR were the patient’s age, diabetes duration, blood cholesterol and glycated hemoglobin levels, as well as activated plasma recalcification time and thrombin time. The independent factors that determined the ineffectiveness of treatment for PPDR and PDR were blood triglycerides, prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time. Conclusions. Lipid metabolism disorders and coagulation homeostasis were powerful factors in the progression of DR and treatment failure. The ineffectiveness of NPDR treatment increased with age and duration of diabetes.
A novel two-stage and combined treatment of primary open-angle glaucoma and cataract: comparative efficacy and complications
Authors: Romaniuk A.V.
Published: January 2025

Background. The approach to the treatment of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and cataract is still a subject of debate, because when choosing a particular type of procedure, as well as determining the timing of its performance, it is necessary to consider a significant number of factors that may affect success of treatment. There are limited data on the outcomes of combined treatment of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and complicated cataract, which includes phacoemulsification with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation and micropulse transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (MP-TSCPC). The purpose is to compare efficacy and to study the nature and frequency of complications when using novel, two-stage and combined surgical and laser methods for treating primary open-angle glaucoma with cataract. Materials and methods. The study includes 112 patients (112 eyes) with primary open-angle glaucoma stage I–IV and complicated cataract. There were 3 observation groups. In the first one (n = 34), phacoemulsification with IOL implantation was performed 1 month prior to MP-TSCPC. The second group (n = 36) included patients who underwent phacoemulsification with IOL implantation a month after MP-TSCPC. In the third group (n = 42), phacoemulsification with IOL implantation and MP-TSCPC were performed in one procedure. These groups did not statistically differ in terms of age, gender, baseline intraocular pressure, stage of primary open-angle glaucoma and nuclear lens density. The primary outcome measure was the normalization of intraocular pressure with or without the use of antiglaucoma medications and without need for repeated laser and incisional procedures after 1, 3 and 6 months. The secondary outcome measure was stabilization or expansion of visual fields 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment. The complication nature and rates were evaluated. Results. In the third group, where combined treatment was performed, the incidence of transient hypertension and inflammatory complications was statistically higher. There was a tendency to a higher incidence of corneal edema, cystoid macular edema, and hypotony as well; 7.1 % of patients required repeated MP-TSCPC, but this was statistically insignificant. According to the survival analysis, a statistically significant difference was found between the three groups in functional (p = 0.036) and hypotensive outcomes (p = 0.046), with the best result in the second group at 6 months of follow-up. Conclusions. The efficacy assessed by hypotensive and functional outcomes at a follow-up period of 6 months appeared to be statistically lower in the group of combined treatment compared to the groups in which two-stage treatment was conducted.
Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized from Solanum elaeagnifolium and their Effect Against Mealybugs Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley
Authors: Gorge Worood A. , Abood Mohammed F.
Published: January 2025

The excessive use of chemical insecticides and the emergence of accompanying environmental problems has led to a return to environmentally friendly plant extracts through nanotechnology and the production of particles loaded on many metals to control insects. Accordingly, the study was conducted in 2023 to investigate the efficiency of the nano- extract of the seeds and leaves of the nightshade Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav loaded on magnesium, producing MgO nanoparticles and the regular alcoholic seed extract with a concentration of 5% on the relative efficiency of killing the first and third nymph instars as well as the adults of the mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley, grown on moss rose seedlings. The results showed that the highest relative efficiency in killing the insects at the first instar was 100% three days after treatment with nano seed extract, 84% at the third instar, and 75% for mealybug adults after seven days of treatment. In contrast, nano extract of nightshade leaves recorded a relative mortality efficiency of 91.6, 47.4 and 54.3% for the first and third nymph instars and the adults, respectively, and 97.1, 55.0 and 58.7% for the regular alcoholic seed extract after seven days of treatment.
Keywords: Alcoholic extract, nightshade, nanotechnology, nanoextract, mealybug.
Application of the Six Sigma Method to Improve the Quality of Cocoa Oil Industry Products in Southeast Sulawesi Province, Indonesia
Authors: Zaid Sudirman , Nasrul Nasrul
Published: January 2025

This research aims to control the quality of cocoa oil industry products through the application of the six sigma method. This research was carried out in the cocoa oil industry centre area in Southeast Sulawesi Province, which accommodates 3 (three) regions, namely; North Kolaka Regency, East Kolaka Regency, and Kolaka Regency. The population in this study were owners or managers of the cocoa oil industry, totalling 130 industries. The research sample used census techniques, namely; the entire population is used as a sample. Data collection techniques were carried out through interviews and direct observation at each industrial location during the cocoa oil production process. The analysis used in this research is Six Sigma analysis with the Define, Measure, Analysis, Improve, and Control (DMAIC) approach. The research results show that there is an average of 17.74% defective cocoa oil products for each production. In addition, the results of this study show that the types of defective cocoa oil products are smell mismatch (17.74%), color (3.71%), taste (7.60%), and water content (70.95%). The results of this research also provide information that the solution needed to control the quality of cocoa oil products is replacing production equipment and production support, establishing partnerships with cocoa bean suppliers from more profitable sources, improving the soft and hard skills of the workforce as well as mentoring, providing machines. more adequate packaging, as well as the use of ethanol solution in the extraction process.
Analysis of the Impact of Reservoir Development on the Availability of Water for Paddy Farming in Sanjai Village, East Sinjai District, Sinjai Regency
Authors: Sumange La , Jamal Jamal
Published: January 2025

Water supply which is a resource that must be sufficient in paddy farming. Reservoirs are civil construction buildings in the field of hydrology that are used to hold water so that it does not go straight to the sea, so that it can be used to improve the availability of water supply to paddy fields that cannot be reached by technical irrigation. The purpose of this study was to differentiating between the effects on water availability, farmer productivity, and economic impacts of the construction of the reservoir on the community. This study was conducted in Sanjai Village, East Sinjai District, Sinjai Regency. A total of 55 respondents of this study were farmers whose paddy fields used water from the reservoir and planted paddy as the main commodity of their farming. The method used to analyse the data was descriptive analysis and paired sample mean different test. The results of the study showed that the effect of reservoirs on water availability in addition to increasing farmer productivity can also reduce the risk of agricultural business due to drought and increase opportunities for farming, especially during the dry season. In addition, the construction of the reservoir has affected the availability of water in Sanjai Village, which was experienced by farmers after the construction of the reservoir, as well as a decrease in the intensity of floods and droughts, the smooth supply of water for the needs of farmers in farming in paddy fields so that the availability of water for farming in paddy fields is more sufficient after the construction of the reservoir and the impact after the development of the reservoir, from an economic point of view, the community was increasing production and productivity. It can be concluded that the construction of the reservoir has been achieved and the function of the reservoir for farmers was very useful and can also change cropping patterns as well as improve crop cultivation.
Comparison of Cocoon and Filament Quality of Bombyx mori L. Chinese Egg Seeds and Perum Perhutani Egg Seeds
Authors: Sadapotto Andi , Prastiyo Andi
Published: January 2025

The sustainability of natural silk in South Sulawesi, especially in Soppeng Regency, has experienced a decline in production related to the quality of silkworms. The Indonesian government tried to import silkworm eggs from the Chinese to restore the silk business. It is necessary to know how the quality of silkworm eggs from the Chinese compares with local silkworm eggs produced by the State Forestry Public Company (Perum Perhutani). Therefore, this research aims to compare the quality of cocoons and filaments between Chinese egg seeds and Perum Perhutani egg seeds so that we can find out which egg seeds produce the best quality and production. The two egg seeds were tested in Pising Village, Donri-Donri District, Soppeng Regency. The parameters observed were fresh cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight, percentage, filament length, reelability and filament weight. The results of the research showed that there was a significant difference between egg seeds from Chinese and Perum Perhutani egg seeds in the reelability variable. Reelability of egg seeds from Chinese shows that the average cocoon weight is 74.06% higher compared to 69.31% for Perum Perhutani egg seeds. Apart from that, those produced from egg seeds from Chinese were also greater with differences in fresh cocoon weight of 1.56 g, cocoon shell weight of 0,29 g, cocoon shell percentage of 19.65%, filament weight of 0.25 g, while filament length was higher in seeds. Perum Perhutani eggs with a difference of 1118.39 m. The quality of cocoons and silkworm filaments from Chinese seeds and Perum Perhutani is classified into class C based on SNI: 2011. These results indicate that egg seeds from the Chinese have a higher potential to produce quality silk. This research emphasizes the importance of choosing the right egg seed to increase the quality and quantity of silk production. With the results obtained, it is hoped that the silk industry can choose more sources of egg seeds, especially to increase the competitiveness of silk products in the global market.
Organic Farming Based on Participatory Guarantee Systems: Exploring Economic Performance of Farmers in the Northern Delta Provinces of Vietnam
Authors: Thi Thuy Phan , Niem Le Duc
Published: January 2025

Faculty of Economics, Tay Nguyen University, 567 Le Duan Street, Buon Ma Thuot City, Dak Lak Province, Vietnam. The study aims to evaluate the economic performance of Participatory Guarantee Systems (PGS) in certifying organic vegetable farmers in Northern Vietnam. Moreover, this study identifies the differentiation between prosperous and non-prosperous farmers by analyzing critical factors associated with farm management. With a multi-stage cluster sampling technique, the data were collected from three provinces in Northern Vietnam between March and April, 2023. The findings indicate that PGS farming has the potential to be more efficient than conventional farming, mainly due to reduced intermediate costs and access to niche markets. However, PGS farms are more labor-intensive due to their reliance on manual practices. In addition, the selling approaches and technical progress significantly impact economic viability. These findings highlighted the need to develop market access and enhance farmers' confidence in sustainable agricultural practices to advise the competitiveness of PGS farms.
Keywords: Determinants, economic performance, participatory guarantee systems, organic farms, labor cost, market access, Vietnam.