bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis Testing Black Box and White Box on Application To-Do List Based Web
Authors: Pirdaus Dede Irman , Hidayana Rizki Apriva
Published: May 2024

The rapid development of information technology has led to the creation of numerous web-based applications designed to assist human activities and work. One such application is the To-Do List, which helps users manage their tasks and increase productivity. This study aims to analyze the quality of web-based To-Do List applications through black box and white box testing. The research focuses on the login and main pages of the application, where various scenarios are tested to ensure that the system functions as intended. The testing process includes designing test scenarios, creating test cases, executing the test cases, and collecting and processing test result data. The study also includes an analysis of the program's source code using flowcharts and flowgraphs to identify the number of independent logic execution paths and design test cases for white box testing. The results of the testing will help identify errors and weaknesses in the application, ensuring that the final product is of high quality.
Optimization of White Box Testing by Utilizing Branching and Repeating Structures in Java Programs Using Base Path
Authors: Kalfin Kalfin , Ibrahim Riza Andrian , Laksito Grida Sakti
Published: May 2024

Software testing is a process created to detect anomalies in the operation of a program or system in order to achieve the expected results. White box testing is a software testing method that tests the internal structure, design and program code. This research aims to produce an optimization method for white box testing in Java programs by utilizing branching and repetition structures using the basis path method, as well as analyzing the effectiveness of the proposed method in generating test cases. The Java program tested in this research includes input function calls, loops, branching, and exception handling. Test case design is carried out by applying the basis path method to achieve comprehensive coverage. The test results show that the base path method is able to produce effective test cases for testing control structures without redundancy. Test case design is assisted by flowgraph and matrix graph modeling. It is hoped that this research can contribute to the optimization of white box testing techniques.
Training on Diversification and Labeling of Honey Products in the Taman Kelulut Ayoh Ku Bee Farming Community
Authors: Suwartiningsih Nurul , Irsalinda Nursyiva , Wahyudi Rofiul , Saputra Jumadil , Abd Razak Shamsul Bahri , Sugiyarto Sugiyarto
Published: May 2024

Taman Kelulut Ayoh Ku Bee Farming Community in Pengkalan Gelap, Kuala Setiu, Terengganu, Malaysia, is a group of Trigona sp. honey beekeepers. which faces challenges related to the availability of packaging facilities for kelulut honey. This community service activity is important to provide education and training to improve packaging facilities through diversification and labeling on honey product. The activity was carried out offline on August 8-9th, 2023. The results of the activity showed that the training on diversifying honey product packaging increased the knowledge and skills of 92.5% of participants, while the training on labeling honey product packaging increased the knowledge and skills of 80% of participants. The solutions presented can increase the knowledge and skills of community members, motivate the enthusiasm of farmers, and increase the selling value of honey products produced by the Taman Kelulut Ayoh Ku Bee Farming Community
Spreading Love in Fitra Qaseh Refuge Home Malaysia: A Community Service Activity
Authors: Sumiati Ruzita , Fardinal Fardinal , Menhendry Menhendry , Nofriadi Nofriadi , Nasrullah Nasrullah , Abdullah Irinah Binti , Lim Hooi Peng
Published: May 2024

Fitra Qaseh Orphanage is a shelter for children who have been abandoned by their parents due to social problems within the family. Fitra Qaseh Orphanage which is known as the Fitra Qaseh Refuge Home is located in Johor Bahru City, Malaysia. Fitra Qaseh currently currently accommodates 53 children ranging from 1 month to 17 years old. The problem that faced by Fitra Qaseh is the development of facilities for the residents' outdoor play and activities. Fitra Qaseh outdoor activities, providing motivation for residents of Fitra Qaseh shelter homes in the form of in the form of education, religious knowledge, protection and affection, Providing assistance to fulfil the daily needs of residents both food and fulfil the daily needs of residents both food and clothing for daily needs residents of the Fitra Qaseh protection house. For this reason, Ibrahim Sultan Polytechnic (PIS) and Politeknik Negeri Padang (PNP) collaborate in the context of international community service International. The aim of this collaborative community Service activity is to address issues that arise at the orphanage. The community service is implemented using the applicative method, which directly solves the problems that exist in partners. The step of activity is survey, collecting data, plan resolve the problem and action. The result of this program are The results of this activity are that the facilities and infrastructure of the orphanage have been repaired, assistance has been provided and children have been motivated to keep learning to reach their goals.
Talent Classification: Recognizing and Developing Personal Potential Optimally at Tarsisius Vireta High School
Authors: Januaviani Trisha Magdalena Adelheid , Kalfin Kalfin , Arifin Alicia , Gunawan Naftali Brigitta
Published: May 2024

Knowing students' talents and interests from an early age is very important to help them develop their potential more effectively. Every individual is unique, and the process of identifying talents and interests requires patience and a deep understanding of the student. With a good approach, we can help students develop their potential optimally. This research aims to explore the potential of students at Tarsisius Vireta High School using a talent classification approach. In the educational context, recognizing and developing students' potential is the key to achieving personal success and positive contributions to society. The research method used is qualitative with data collection techniques through questionnaires given before (Pre Test) and after (Post Test) the seminar given to students. The data obtained becomes evaluation material in determining how much students know the talents each student has. Based on the results of the analysis, it was found that there was a significant increase in students' awareness of their talents and interests, as well as their ability to identify and categorize talents. With a deeper understanding of students' potential, it is hoped that education at Tarsisius Vireta High School can be more optimal in developing students' talents and interests, so that they are ready to face the future with confidence and honed abilities.
The Rate of Modelling the Change of Hydrodynamic Components and Ecosystem Degradation due to the Existence of Coastal Reclamation Research in 2012-2022
Authors: Subiyanto Subiyanto
Published: May 2024

Reclamation is defined as an action made to increase the use of land resources while considering environmental and socioeconomic factors, such as landfilling and land drainage. Unfortunately, as man-made structures in the waters, coastal reclamation has the potential to significantly caused a disruption towards nature processes. This research aims to examine the pace of inquiry into the negative effects of coastal reclamation. The search was conducted using Publish or Perish Software, which was used to choose data sources in the form of Google Scholar from 2012-2022, and we applied a systematic Literature Review method. Identification and evaluation were carried out using two types of software such as Publish or Perish and VOSviewer. This research showed that China and India are the most frequent countries to be chosen as the area of interest related to this topic due to their experiences in handling a lot of coastal reclamations in their territorial. Mean-while, other countries such as Indonesia, Singapore, Malaysia, Philippines and some Europe Countries counted as the low rate areas for this type of publication even though they had a huge number of similar projects.
The Effect of Leverage, Profitability, Liquidity, and Firm Size on Earnings Quality (Empirical Study on the Hotel Sub-Sector Service Company, Restaurant & Tourism on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2016-2020)
Authors: Bimo Antonius , Putri Anike , Sulaksana Hesti Hesnawati
Published: May 2024

Earnings quality reflects how much the company's profits are presented in accordance with the company's circumstances in that year. The better disclosure is done by the company would affect greater quality of profits owned by the company. This caused by the concept of transparency. Segment information is needed by users of financial statements to see the economic characteristics of each segment within the company. The dependent variable in this study is earnings quality, the independent variables are leverage, profitability, liquidity, and company’s size. This research is a type of quantitative research using companies’ financial statements. Total samples collected are 70 financial statements comes from 14 company. The sampling method is purposive sampling method. The results of this study indicate that leverage, profitability, and firm size partially affect earnings quality. Meanwhile, liquidity has no effect on earnings quality. The leverage, profitability, liquidity, and company size simultaneously affect the earnings quality in the hotel, restaurant and tourism sub-sectors listed on the IDX for the 2016-2020 period.
Analysis of the Dominant Factors Associated with the Incidence of Covid-19 in Prehospital and Intra-Hospital Nurses
Authors: Khotimah Nur Intan Hayati Husnul , Muslim Dede Nur Aziz , Puspitasari Santi , Imam Haerul
Published: May 2024

Nurses are the main lead in tackling the Covid-19 pandemic as if they are risking contracted by Covid-19. High stress during a pandemic has an impact on psychological problems, Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) usage, decision-making difficulty on triage, and fatigue in which those can decrease the immune systems. The aim of study was to identify the dominant factors related to the incidence of Covid-19 in nurses. This observational study used Cross Sectional Study design and consecutive sampling techniques at 136 respondents. Questionnaires was used as instruments tested by validity and reliability to measure Fatigue, Psychological Problems (Depression, Anxiety, Stress), Decision-Making Ability of Triage-EWS Screening Covid-19, Vaccination history, risks of exposure, PPE usage and Covid-19 Incidents. Dominant factor analysis was assessed using multivariate analysis by logistic regression test. Based on the results of the logistic regression test, it was found that the risk of exposure to Covid-19 was the dominant factor with the incidence of Covid-19 among nurses in the pre-intra-hospital settings with significance of the test results p value <0.0. Handling of Covid-19 incidents in health workers is crucial. It has been clear that the risk of exposure to people who are confirmed positive can increase the incidence of Covid-19, so it necessary to make prevention program by implementing physical distancing and increasing activities that impact on increasing of immunity.
Gel Formulations of Guava Leaves (Psidium Guajava L) Leaves Ethanol Extract As a Wound Healing Of Burns in Rabbits
Authors: Sutrisno Entris , Susilawati Elis , Herdiana Geralda Bintang , Noviyanti Eva
Published: May 2024

The ethanol extract of guava leaves (Psidium guajava L) in previous studies was known to have antiburn, antiinflammatory, antidiarrhea and antibacterial activity. The preparations made are gel preparations which are preferred by the public. The purpose of this study was to determine the activity of guava leaf ethanol extract gel and its effective concentration in healing burns in rabbits. The research method uses rabbits 4 tails made 5 wounds on the back, consisting of negative control, comparison (Bioplacenton®), gel preparations 3%, 5%, and 11%. Wound diameter measurements were carried out on days 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18. The parameters observed were the size of the wound diameter, wound healing such as wound drying, scab formation, closure of the wound and the growth of new hair around the wound. An inflammatory process occurs for 3 days after injury and not processed wound healing. Fibroblasts appeared on day 6 and peaked on day 9, so that on day 9 all treatment and control groups experienced linear healing. On the 9th day the fibroblasts began to peel off on the skin indicating the group has reached the peak of the proliferation phase and wound contractions occur gradually urgent. The results of the guava leaf extract gel activity test (Psidium guajava L) showed a concentration of 11% gave the best effect.
Maternal and Child Health: The Key to a Better South African Future
Authors: Yuningsih Siti Hadiaty , Yohandoko Setyo Luthfi , Pirdaus Dede Irman
Published: May 2024

South Africa, a country rich in history and natural beauty, also faces serious challenges in the health sector, especially maternal and child health. Maternal and infant mortality rates are still high, inequality in access to health services, low levels of education and knowledge of reproductive health, as well as problems of malnutrition and HIV/AIDS are the main focus of discussion. Although the government has launched programs to improve maternal and child health, funding challenges and disparities in health resources between regions still hinder the achievement of equitable health coverage. This article highlights the importance of increasing health budget allocations, building first-level health facilities, improving the skills of health workers, reproductive health education, nutritional interventions, and multi-stakeholder cooperation to overcome these health challenges.
Assessing knowledge and practice of online medication purchasing: A pilot study
Authors: Haestuti Gita Nola Sri , Puspita Nanda , Nida Khairun
Published: May 2024

Background: Online Medication Purchasing (OMP) has emerged as a growing concern because of the risk of receiving falsified products and the irrational use of medicines. Despite the government regulation about OMP, more is needed to know whether the residents are aware of this regulation.
Objective: The study aimed to determine the level of knowledge & practice of OMP and to estimate the factors correlated to it.
Method: A pilot project was conducted in the Wanasari village, Cibitung district, Bekasi. A validated questionnaire determined the sociodemographics, knowledge, and practice of 92 participants regarding OMP. A multivariate logistic regression was performed to measure the predictors of OMP knowledge.
Result: The study showed that slightly over half of the participants have adequate knowledge of OMP (58.7%). Nevertheless, poor knowledge predominantly emerged regarding legal access to antibiotics and controlled medicines. Adequate knowledge of OMP increased for participants with higher education (OR:20.202; 95%CI:3.488-117.020; p = 0.001) and being active workers (OR:8.365; 95%CI:1.974-35.435; p = 0.004).
Conclusion: Education and employment determine OMP knowledge. This study confirms that educational interventions are required to promote good OMP practice and protect health customers from the adverse effects of falsified medications.
Immunotherapies for food allergy: Exploring new targets and innovative strategies for enhanced efficacy
Authors: Al-Maamari Jamal Nasser Saleh , Al-Qubati Ahmed , Khotib Junaidi , Rahmadi Mahardian
Published: May 2024

Food allergy is a growing public health concern. It affects children and adults, resulting in significant declines in the overall quality of life. In most cases, individuals must avoid consuming allergenic foods, which can be challenging, especially for patients who experience life-threatening symptoms even with minimal exposure to allergens. This review aimed to identify promising targets for immunotherapy in food allergy, strategies to reduce adverse reactions and side effects, optimal dosing approaches, clinical endpoints to measure efficacy, patient subgroups that benefit, and barriers to implementing immunotherapy. An in-depth literature review was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar to look into novel approaches and possible targets for enhancing the effectiveness of immunotherapy. Targeting specific immune cells and molecules (e.g., IgE and Tregs), lowering the doses of allergens, extending intervals between doses, personalising dosing, selecting eligible patients carefully, and validating clinical endpoints have shown promising results in overcoming food allergy challenges and increasing immunotherapy efficacy. Potential innovative strategies to enhance immunotherapy efficacy encompass developing more cost-effective approaches, increasing access to trained specialists, developing standardised protocols, and collecting long-term data.
Fernández Ramírez, Marina, Igualdad de trato integral para el empleo: Coordenadas normativas, jurisprudenciales y de política socio-laboral, Murcia, Laborum, 2024
Authors: Ramírez Bandera Cristina
Published: May 2024

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IMPLEMENTASI METODE AL-QOSIMI DALAM HAFALAN AL-QUR'AN: STUDI KASUS DI MIS IT NURUL IMAN
Authors: Arifia Deanika , Prahastiwi Eka Danik
Published: May 2024

The Qur'an, as the holy book of Islam, holds immeasurable value as the primary guide in both spiritual and worldly life. The importance of memorizing the Qur'an as a spiritual practice for Muslims has been a integral tradition in Islam since the time of Prophet Muhammad SAW. The Al-Qosimi method has proven to be one of the effective approaches in enhancing the efficiency of Qur'an memorization. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of the Al-Qosimi method in the process of Qur'an memorization at MIS IT Nurul Iman. In this research, a quantitative phenomenological method is employed, utilizing interviews, observations, and documentation as data collection techniques. The results of the study indicate that the Al-Qosimi method plays a significant role in improving the effectiveness of Qur'an memorization for students at MIS IT Nurul Iman. However, challenges faced include the lack of understanding and mastery of the Al-Qosimi method among teachers. Nonetheless, further training efforts have been undertaken to address this issue. The positive impact of implementing this method is evident from the good achievements in Qur'an memorization by fourth-grade students, where the majority of them have successfully memorized Juz 30. Therefore, the Al-Qosimi method can serve as an effective guideline in Qur'an memorization and can have a positive impact on the formation of students' character and spirituality.
STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM BERBASIS GAMIFIKASI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Safroni Sherli , Hidayah Ulil
Published: May 2024

Learning activities cannot be separated from the role of the teacher. The teacher's task is to manage learning in the classroom and use various methods to achieve the learning objectives that have been set. This cannot be separated from the learning model/method used. The aim of this research is to describe the supporting, inhibiting and supporting factors for assessing gamification learning models in Islamic religious education regarding the emotional aspects of students at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Al-kholili, Probolinggo City. This research uses field research with a qualitative approach. The method used is descriptive research. The subjects of this research were curriculum directors, PAI teachers, and student representatives. Data collection techniques use observation, interviews and documentation. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the evaluation of the gamification learning model of Islamic religious education on the emotional aspects of students at Al-kholili Islamic Middle School, Probolinggo City can increase student interest and motivation. it has been proven that you can. Children respond to learning, how to complete the tasks given, how to pay attention to the material presented, and the availability of several supporting factors, namely Wi-Fi, depending on possibilities, student interest, teacher motivation and available focus. Children need time to adjust due to inhibiting factors in the form of media and time constraints.
The Influence of Organizational Culture and Human Capital on Employee Performance by Mediating Organizational Climate
Authors: Hafidzi Muhammad Ridho , Setiawan Margono , Juwita Himmiyatul Amanah Jiwa
Published: May 2024

This study was conducted to analyze the influence of organizational culture on employee performance and human capital on employee performance with organizational climate. as mediation. Employees totaling 196 people were respondents in this study using saturated sample techniques. Data collection methods using questionnaires and analyzed using Warp PLS. The results of this study show that organizational culture does not have a significant effect on employee performance, while human capital has a significant effect on employee performance. Furthermore, organizational climate mediates the relationship of organizational culture to full employee performance and organizational climate mediates human capital to employee performance partially.
Exploring the Influence of Behavioral Biases on Decision-making in Digital Finance: Implications for Financial Inclusion and Consumer Protection
Authors: Chuahan Rahul , Chavda Kishan
Published: May 2024

This research paper investigates the influence of socioeconomic factors on financial behaviors among millennials. Through an analysis of variance (ANOVA) approach, the study examines the significance of socioeconomic variables on various aspects of financial decision-making, including online banking usage, saving priorities, comfort with investment decisions, and reliance on digital financial resources. The findings reveal minimal to modest effects of socioeconomic factors on these financial behaviors among millennials. While some variables such as familiarity with digital financial resources show slightly higher effect sizes, overall, socioeconomic factors explain only a small proportion of the variance in financial behaviors. These results suggest that other factors beyond socioeconomic status may also play significant roles in shaping financial decision-making among millennials. The study contributes to the existing literature by highlighting the nuanced relationship between socioeconomic factors and financial behaviors among millennials. It underscores the importance of considering multiple determinants when analyzing financial decision-making processes. Future research could explore additional factors such as personality traits, cultural influences, and technological advancements to provide a more comprehensive understanding of millennial financial behaviors. Moreover, longitudinal studies could offer insights into the dynamic nature of financial decision-making and its evolution over time. Understanding these factors is crucial for policymakers, financial institutions, and educators to develop targeted interventions and strategies aimed at promoting financial well-being among millennials in an increasingly complex financial landscape.
Analisis Pertumbuhan Penerimaan PAD Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Kemandirian Keuangan Daerah dan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Kota Magelang
Authors: Yudia Riska Nur , Nurcahya Yulida Army , Atika Atika
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pertumbuhan penerimaan PAD dalam upaya meningkatkan kemandirian keuangan daerah dan kesejahteraan masyarakat Kota Magelang pada periode 2017-2021. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara semi-terstruktur, studi kepustakaan, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan berupa teknik analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan PAD Kota Magelang dari tahun 2017-2021 terjadi secara fluktuatif dengan rata-rata pertumbuhan sebesar 7,72%. Elemen PAD sebagai kontributor terbesar terhadap total penerimaan PAD di Kota Magelang bersumber dari sektor lain-lain PAD yang sah sebesar 81,33% yang diikuti sektor pajak daerah sebesar 13,23%, sektor hasil pengelolaan kekayaan daerah yang dipisahkan sebesar 3,19%, dan sektor retribusi daerah sebesar 2,25%. Rasio kemandirian tergolong rendah atau menunjukkan pola hubungan konsultatif dengan rata-rata sebesar 41,97%. Sementara nilai IPM tergolong tinggi dengan rata-rata nilai sebesar 78,67%, tetapi dari tahun ke tahun mengalami perlambatan kenaikan.
Therapy of pathological narcissism in clinical practice
Authors: Baranovskaya Maria Sergeevna
Published: May 2024

This report presents a case of therapy for narcissistic disorder based on various approa
ches to the treatment of narcissism described in the psychoanalytic literature, as well as the personal clinical experience of the psychoanalyst with the rationale for the interventions used
Social narcissization and its consequences
Authors: Vinokur Marina Vladimirovna
Published: May 2024

The report presents the phenomenon of narcissist ic perversion, describes the sources of its occurrence, levels, defense mechanisms, as well as the characteristics of thinking and traits of a narcissistic pervert; The specifics of the psychoanalytic process when working with narcissistic perverts are rev ealed
Reflection of the narcissistic characteristics of the owner on the business
Authors: Dmitrieva Polina Igorevna
Published: May 2024

The report examines key concepts of narcissism in the works of Andre Green and Karen Horney . Based on clinical experience, the author proposes to connect the characteristics of a narcissistic personality and their reflection on the business that this person owns.
«I sacrifice everything for you »: narcissistic images in cinema
Authors: Ivanova Tatyana Nikolaevna
Published: May 2024

The report presents the results of a study of narcissism in domestic and foreign cinema. Using examples of plot stories and portraits of the main characters, the basic psychological attitudes and psychological defenses of the characters are shown, and the causes of destructive narcissism are also explored
«Neither the king nor the god...». On narcissistic perversion in the concept of Claude Racamier
Authors: Artemova Tatyana Alexandrovna
Published: May 2024

The report presents the phenomenon of narcissistic perversion, describes the sources of its occurrence, levels, defense mechanisms, as well as the characteristics of thinking and traits of a narcissistic pervert; The specifics of the psychoanalytic process when working with narcissistic perverts are revealed.
Hypnotic properties of grandiose narcissism during the period of idealization in object relations
Authors: Sabra Leila Abdullah
Published: May 2024

The article examines the hypnotic properties of grandiose narcissism during the period of idealization of the object by the subject. A hypothesis is put forward about the main reasons for the differences in narcissistic states, based on the relia bility of n arcissistic defenses
The fate of the myth of Narcissus
Authors: Savchenkov Alexander Vitalievich
Published: May 2024

The report attempts to psychoanalyze the Myth of Narcissus. Some contradictions of the modern concept of narcissism and how narcissism is presented from the point of view of the economy of mental processes are shown. The report correlates some of the theses of the myth with the narcissistic perso nality structure.
The Relationship between Waste Management Practices and Human Health: New Perspective and Consequences
Authors: Oluwagbayide Samuel Dare , Abulude Francis Olawale , Akinnusotu Akinyinka , Arifalo Kikelomo Mabinuola
Published: May 2024

Waste management, an integral aspect of modern life, exerts a profound influence on both public health and the environment. While existing research explores the environmental impact of various waste management practices, there is a paucity of studies investigating the direct health effects on humans from these practices. This article aims to address this gap by examining the intricate interplay between specific waste management strategies, such as open burning or landfill leachate management, and their potential to cause respiratory illnesses, birth defects, or other health problems in urban areas. Drawing from existing knowledge and recent research, it underscores the imperative of adopting an integrated waste management approach that harmonizes environmental preservation and health considerations. Furthermore, the review spotlights emerging technologies and innovative methodologies that hold promise in mitigating potential health hazards associated with conventional waste management practices. It accentuates the intricate connection between waste management and human health, underscoring the need for holistic strategies that encompass both community welfare and environmental sustainability. This paper advocates for sustainable waste management approaches that not only alleviate health concerns but also promote resource recovery and community engagement. Policymakers, urban planners, and stakeholders are encouraged to collaborate in the adoption of effective waste management methods that safeguard both the environment and human health. By recognizing the intrinsic link between environmental and health issues, a harmonized approach can be forged to address them.
Influence of Biochar Fortified with Fungi (Termitomyces) on Carbon Stock, Flux, and Yield of Groundnut
Authors: Wakili Habib Dahiru , Abdulsalam Khalid , Wakili Habib Hafsah
Published: May 2024

The study was conducted to investigate carbon stock, flux, and sequestration potential as well as the response of groundnut (yield) to different fortification approaches. A greenhouse experiment was conducted using four treatment combinations, fortified biochar with T. albuminosus (B + T), biochar (B), T. albuminosus, and control laid in a Complete Randomized Design (CRD). The result showed increased carbon sequestration, stock, and a subsequent decrease in carbon emission in treatment B + T relative to other treatments. Untreated samples recorded the lowest values with 3.69 g kg-1 sequestered carbon 24.97 kg ha- stock 4.92% carbon emission and a net flux of -20.70. The highest groundnut yield was also recorded in the B + T treatment with a value of 1131.10 kg ha-1. However, biochar treatment recorded the highest biomass and stover yield 5.62 t ha-1 and 3.82 t ha-1 respectively. In conclusion, the Fortification of biochar with T. albuminosus proved efficient in improving carbon sequestration, increasing carbon stock, and reducing emission as well as other nutrients in soils under cultivation. Also, using B + T as an amendment under optimal growth conditions is recommended for better groundnut production. The study's constraints lie in its execution within controlled greenhouse settings, potentially limiting its applicability to real-world field conditions. Thus, caution should be exercised when extending these findings to field applications, ensuring the validation of the approach's effectiveness.
Formulation of Strategy for Sustainable Empowerment of The Fishing Community at Makasar Island Baubau City Indonesia
Authors: Tanzil
Published: May 2024

This research aims to formulate a strategy for sustainably empowering fishing communities. This research uses a qualitative approach, namely research that emphasizes more aspects of an in-depth understanding of a research object. This research was conducted on Makassar Island, Baubau City Indonesia, where most of the population has a livelihood as fishermen. This research uses informants from fishermen, community leaders, and local government officials. To obtain these informants, purposive techniques are used, where informants are selected based on their ability to provide in-depth information. This study used several data collection techniques, namely observation, interviews, documentation, and focused group discussion. Data analysis in this study uses SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats. The results of the study obtained several formulations of strategies for empowering fishing communities as follows: first, community-based empowerment of fishing communities; second, strengthening fishermen institutions; third, capital access development; fourth, mastery of fishing technology; and fifth, improve the technical capabilities of professional fisheries extension workers. This study recommends that the empowerment of fishing communities in Makassar Island should be directed at community-based empowerment. This approach sees that various social problems that exist in the fishing community are not only caused by problems that arise in the fishing community internally but also caused by various structural problems. This approach is also very aware of the importance of capacity building in fishing communities to increase the strength and independence of fishing communities.
The Obstacles of Women Entrepreneurship on Empowerment in Rural Communities KwaZulu Natal, South Africa
Authors: Aliamutu Kansilembo Freddy , Mkhize Msizi Vitalis
Published: May 2024

This research aims to determine barriers to the expansion of women-owned businesses in rural communities of South Africa. To collect data for the research, a quantitative research approach was adopted. The research focused on 250 female business owners in the northern KZN rural regions of Umzinyakude, Uthukela, and Ugu. According to the survey, the primary barriers to developing women-owned businesses in rural communities are financial restraints, an absence of formal education, and inadequate facilities. These hurdles, however, may be overcome by women businesses being entrepreneurs in rural South African communities. Eliminating these barriers might empower women entrepreneurs and drive growth in the economy in rural communities, lowering poverty and improving rural people's living conditions. In light of these findings, the research suggests a variety of measures, including different financing methods, focused training and schooling programs, and the development of infrastructure to help women-owned businesses flourish in rural communities. Further research should investigate more issues like cultural as well as social barriers, an absence of accessibility to marketplaces and information, and legal and regulatory obstacles that prevent women from starting business entities in rural communities.
The New Three-Dimensional Safety Approach for the Implementation of Process Safety Management (PSM) and Improving Safety Aspects for the Pharmaceutical Industry in India – An Overview
Authors: Kumar Alavandar Yudhistra
Published: May 2024

Implementation of the fourteen elements of process safety management (PSM) helps to build a good safety culture in the organization. The new three-dimensional approach, which consists of good safety practices, safety precautions, and frequent checking of the process equipment and its devices has been applied to the various elements of the process safety management. The elements of process safety management are six, four, and three are good safety practices, safety precautions, and frequent checking of process equipment and its devices but one of the elements is the combination of all the three-dimensional approach, which is a trade secret, which insists that all the people in the organization should follow all the documented procedures from two to thirteen elements of the process safety management, the controlled copy should only be used inside the company premises. We have taken secondary published data for assessing the deviations of the three-dimensional safety approach for the human failures in the pharmaceutical industry, which has led to various incidents/accidents from October 2017 to September 2021. The deviation, which we have observed for the good safety practices, safety precautions, and frequent checking of process equipment and its devices was ten, nine, and one numbers before implementation of the process safety management. After the implantation of the process safety management, the incidents were reduced to three numbers from January 2022 to August 2023, in which deviation has been found in the two and one for the good safety practices and safety precautions.
Bangladesh's Climate Vulnerability and Overseas Migration: Navigating Challenges and Paving the Way Forward
Authors: Tushar Aminul Hoque , Parvin Rawnaq Ara
Published: May 2024

Bangladesh ranks seventh on the Global Climate Risk Index 2021, which identifies the nations most susceptible to natural catastrophes, demonstrating how sensitive the country is to both climate change and natural disasters. Millions of people are forced to migrate to neighboring cities and urban areas in search of work and a living each year as a result of climate change and natural disasters such as river bank erosion, salinity intrusion, floods, cyclones, and landslides in Bhola, Khulna, Bagerhat, Patuakhali, and Gaibandha. Urban life is strained by this influx, especially in terms of housing, water supply, and sanitation. Many of these individuals also seek overseas employment as a means of survival. While numerous organizations, including government institutions, are working to promote safe and regular international migration and overseas employment, a portion of these individuals fall prey to labor trafficking due to a lack of information, monitoring, and services from the administration. Additionally, communities in climate-risk areas are ultimately forced to choose between internal and international migration due to the sluggish adoption of climate-resilient agricultural methods and technologies, as well as the dearth of technical and vocational education options. For these regions of significant natural disasters and climate change, the government has to provide more secure migration policies and encourage productive remittance investment.
Synthesis and Characterization of Briquette from Carbonized Pinus Patula Saw Dust as Alternative Energy Source
Authors: Yadeta Gemechu , Bekalu Yihunie , Tsegaye Mahelet , Tantu Tegene , Haile Fikremariam , Genene Dagnachew , Alemu Tewabech
Published: May 2024

This study aimed at the synthesis and characterization of briquette from Pinus patula saw dust using different binders. The effects of particle size and type of binder on the fuel qualities of the briquette were investigated. The bulk density of biomass causes handling, storage, and transportation problems that limit its large application. Densification of biomass into briquettes can solve these problems. The experimental results indicate that briquette produced from waste paper, fruit waste, cow dung, and starch flour binders has higher calorific value, higher fixed carbon, and lower ash content. Whereas, molasses and wood ash binders decreased the calorific value and fixed carbon and increased the ash content of the briquette. As a result, a maximum calorific value of 6596 cal/g, fixed carbon content of 62.6%, and ash content of 3.66% are obtained using waste paper.  The calorific value of 6232 cal/g, fixed carbon of 48.74%, and ash content of 3.33% was obtained using fruit waste while the calorific value of 6194 cal/g, fixed carbon content of 59.94 %, and ash content of 5.35% was observed when cow dung is used. When starch flour is used, a calorific value of 6170 cal/g, fixed carbon content of 54.63%, and ash content of 2.63 was obtained. Therefore, waste paper, fruit waste, cow dung, and starch flour are promising binders that improve the fuel qualities of biomass briquettes.
Baobab Leaf Powder Efficacy as Turbid Water Treatment Biocoagulant
Authors: Gram Vahyela , Kasinath Archana , Abubakar Abdulhalim Musa , Pandit Gaurav Kumar , Ngulde Aliyu Buba , Saka Tahiru , Mustapha Zanna
Published: May 2024

The high cost of treated water makes most rural communities resort to readily available sources that are normally of low quality, which exposes them to waterborne diseases in the process. In the present study, various doses of baobab (Adansonia digitata) leaf powder coagulant (i.e., 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3g per 50 mL turbid water) were added to the surface water sample collected. It was found that increasing the coagulant doses results in either a decrease or increase in the measured parameters, such as pH, turbidity, and electrical conductivity (EC). At constant 30 min coagulation time, pH and EC of the turbid water samples taken were within WHO standards. However, the labeled sample fed with 0.3g of baobab leaf powder coagulant gave the lowest turbidity of 78.7 NTU. A reduction in final turbidity is a clear indication of the coagulation capabilities of baobab leave powder. With this study, baobab leave (as a potential coagulant) is a new addition to the literature, apart from its seed and pulp which have been experimented with previously. Natural coagulants contain some chemicals whose effect on the resulting treated water needs to be examined. If need be, an additional treatment unit must be set up to adsorb or remove those contaminants from the water before proper use.
Measuring Blue Ocean Leadership activities in public organizations: field research in the Ministry of Communications
Authors: Mustafa AbdulAbbas Assad  , Reyam Qasim Mohammed
Published: May 2024

This study aims to identify the level of application of blue ocean leadership activities in public organizations and to build a conceptual and cognitive framework around this concept. The study adopted a descriptive-analytical approach, and the research sample consisted of (95) individuals from the senior management working at the center of the Iraqi Ministry of Communications (director general, department manager, section head). The data analysis technique used is structural equation modeling (SEM) and the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The results indicate that the senior management in the Ministry of Communications is working to adopt the blue ocean leadership style through its activities, but not to the level that highlights the role of this leadership style and its importance in achieving gains and leadership goals, by coordinating the efforts of employees and extracting the best of their ideas and innovative solutions that add value to the services provided by the ministry. This study differs from previous studies in that it was studied at the level of the public sector, and it examines the level of availability of blue ocean leadership activities in public organizations.
Employing consumer knowledge to protect consumer rights
Authors: Eshrak Mohsin Al-Jaafari  , P. Dr. Nadhum Jawad Abid
Published: May 2024

The research aims to measure the level of connection and impact of consumer knowledge in protecting consumer rights, and the sample consisted of (275) consumers in five markets (large retail markets in Baghdad) as they represent the research community of consumers who go to the markets to buy products. The data and hypotheses were analyzed and tested using appropriate statistical tools, including the arithmetic mean and standard deviation to measure the level of descriptive responses of the research sample, correlation coefficients (Pearson) to test the relationships between the research variables, and the simple and multiple linear regression equation to test the effect. The results showed the validity of the research hypotheses, and concluded with a number of Conclusions and recommendations.
Evaluation of Novel Food Additives on Product Acceptability in France
Authors: Petit Sophie
Published: May 2024

Purpose: The aim of the study was to analyze the evaluation of novel food additives on product acceptability in France.
Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.
Findings:  This study evaluating novel food additives on product acceptability in France, it was found that natural and organic additives significantly enhanced consumer acceptance. The additives were primarily valued for their perceived health benefits and minimal processing. Taste testing revealed that products with natural flavors and colors were preferred over those with synthetic counterparts. However, there was resistance among certain demographics, particularly older consumers, who showed a preference for traditional flavors. Overall, the study suggests that while novel additives can increase acceptability, consumer education and transparent labeling are crucial for widespread adoption.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Theory of planned behavior (TPB), diffusion of innovations theory & expectancy-value theory may be used to anchor future studies on analyze the evaluation of novel food additives on product acceptability in France. Implement educational programs that inform consumers about the benefits and safety of novel food additives. Advocate for the development of clearer, more consistent regulatory guidelines for novel food additives to ensure safety and quality across markets.
Effects of Packaging Materials on Food Quality and Shelf Life in Australia
Authors: Martin Ethan
Published: May 2024

Purpose: The aim of the study was to analyze the effects of packaging materials on food quality and shelf life in Australia.
Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.
Findings: In Australia, advanced packaging technologies such as modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) and active packaging extend the shelf life of perishables by inhibiting microbial growth. Sustainable packaging options are gaining traction, balancing environmental concerns with maintaining food safety. Intelligent packaging with condition indicators enhances consumer decisions by providing food safety information. Strict Australian regulations ensure that packaging materials meet safety standards, supporting food quality preservation.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Diffusion theory, mass transfer theory & shelf life prediction models may be used to anchor future studies on analyze the effects of packaging materials on food quality and shelf life in Australia. Practical recommendations should emphasize the adoption of innovative packaging technologies tailored to specific food products and storage conditions. Policymakers should prioritize initiatives aimed at fostering collaboration between industry stakeholders, research institutions, and regulatory bodies to address pressing challenges in food packaging.