“ A STUDY OF CARDIOVASCULAR ABNORMALITY IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS”
Authors: Shekhar Deepankar Balendra , Singh Thakur Saurabh , Patidar Vimlesh 
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Hypertension is a common health problem in developed countries and a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Hypertension
exhibits an iceberg phenomenon where unknown morbidity exceeds the known morbidity. Genetic and environmental factors are also reported to
play a key role in hypertension, 90% of which are better classied as idiopathic. The cause of cardiovascular diseases in the hypertensive patient is
blood pressure raised which is present chronically however the cause of elevated BP are different. In adults, 90% of hypertension cases are of
essential hypertension .The Remaining 10% of hypertension cases with chronically elevated BP accounts for secondary cause. In hypertensive
patient, the risk of cardiovascular disease is increases in men and women. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus are among the most common chronic
non-communicable diseases and multifactorial disorders affecting both developed and developing countries and occur at a higher prevalence in the
older age group and result from both genetic and environmental etiological factors. The aim of Study of Cardiovascular Abnormality in the
Hypertension Patient. Methods: A prospective observational study consists of 95 cases of hypertension is undertaken to study the cardiovascular
abnormality by ECG and ECHO. The study will be conducted on patients suffering from hypertension. A written informed consent will be taken
from all the patients who are included in study group. All the data of the patients will be recorded on a pretested Performa. Preliminary data like
name, age, sex, occupation, residence, date will be recorded. Detailed lipid prole study will be done to nd the correlation in patients with
hypertension. All data will be statistically analyzed. Results: Out of 95 cases in the study group, 51 were female cases and 44 were males, 31 cases
(7th decade), 40 cases (6th decade), 14 cases (5th decade), 8 cases(4th decade), 2 cases (< 3rd decade). Abnormal ECG changes which constitutes
85 patients, ST elevation was present in 12 patients and T-wave inversion was present in 47 patients, followed by 16 patients were shows left
ventricular hypertrophy, 8 cases of cardiomyopathy which shows low voltage complexes. Coronary artery disease was predominant nding in the
patients of hypertensive cardiovascular disease which was present in 54 cases out of 95 cases, of which 31 were male patients and 23 were female
patients. CAD in hypertension (57%), the incidence of CAD was more in elderly and other abnormalities in hypertensive patients were left
ventricular hypertrophy(11.6%), heart failure{due to cardiomyopathy(8.2%) and CAD} and valvular heart disease(4.2%). Conclusion:
Cardiovascular abnormality in hypertensive patients encompasses a broad spectrum including coronary artery disease, asymptomatic LVH (either
a concentric or an eccentric pattern) and clinical heart failure (with either a preserved or a reduced LVEF) stroke, heart failure, cardiomyopathy,
arrhythmia, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease, thromboembolic disease, and venous thrombosis. Elderly age, smoking habits, chronic
alcoholism and long standing history of DM have emerged as important risk factor for cardiovascular disease in hypertensive patients.