bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Optimal Artificial Intelligence (AI) technique for cybersecurity threat detection in IoT Networks
Authors: Mani Gopalsamy
Published: November 2024

An exponential growth rate has been seen in cyberattacks targeting fully integrated servers, apps, and communications networks. The Things Network (IoT). Inefficient operation of sensitive devices harms end users, increasing the risk of identity theft and cyberattacks, increasing costs, and decreasing revenue as problems with the Internet of Things network remain undetected for long periods. Robust cybersecurity solutions are necessary to safeguard digital infrastructures against the growing frequency of cyberattacks and the fast growth of the Internet of Things. This research looks at the function of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in improving cybersecurity measures, specifically emphasising the comparison of signature-based and anomaly-based IDS. ML and DL techniques, including DNN, SVM, and Random Forest classifiers, are used in this work to classify cybersecurity risks and detect potential threats using the dataset UNSW-NB15. According to our data, the Random Forest model outperforms the competition, with a 98.6% accuracy rate and 99% precision, F1 score and recall. The research emphasises the efficacy of AI-powered systems in real-time threat identification, emphasising its usefulness in advancing cybersecurity measures. By tackling the issues provided by conventional security measures and employing modern ML and DL approaches, this study gives significant insights for organisations trying to improve their cybersecurity policies in an increasingly complex threat scenario.
Containerization in cloud computing: comparing Docker and Kubernetes for scalable web applications
Authors: Bangar Raju Cherukuri
Published: November 2024

Containerization has taken cloud computing to a new level where application developers can develop an attractive way of deploying portable web apps. This paper compares Docker, one of the most popular containerization technologies, and Kubernetes based on their ability to manage cloud resources, advanced integration, and microservices implementation. Docker, which produces lightweight containers, reduces complexity in the application delivery process by including all the software components and their configurations. Kubernetes, in contrast, stands tall as a manufacturing tool for the automation of containerized application deployment, scaling, and management in clusters. Here, the study's objective is to give a comparative analysis of Docker and Kubernetes to understand the best course of action. The research thus integrates a quantitative assessment of the performance of different algorithms based on simulated data with several case studies in various sectors, including e-commerce and software as a service (SaaS). Basic parameters of deployment velocity, resource consumption, system growth capabilities, and robustness of the two platforms are considered here as comprehensive measures. The present study reveals that Docker can provide simple, portable solutions for small, small, and medium-scale applications. Kubernetes offers excellent orchestration solutions that are better for large-scale and complex applications. The study concludes that Docker and Kubernetes are suitable whenever specific project demands are involved. However, Docker stands out in a basic project setup and configuration, while Kubernetes functions better within the multi-cloud/ microservices conditions. The findings of this research are useful in informing organizations on their best practices when using containerization.
Construction and standardization of a test of narcissistic personality pattern test
Authors: Amita Puri  , Srishti Bhatt  , Poonam Akanksha
Published: November 2024

The Narcissistic Personality Patterns Test (NPPT) has been meticulously constructed to evaluate narcissistic traits through a comprehensive and empirically-backed framework. The NPPT dissects multiple dimensions of narcissism, including grandiosity, entitlement, exploitativeness, and lack of empathy, providing detailed subscale scores that enable a nuanced understanding of narcissistic behaviour. The test's construction involved rigorous reliability and validity assessments, ensuring consistent and accurate measurement of narcissism. High reliability indicates that the NPPT produces stable results over time, while high validity confirms its accuracy in measuring the construct of narcissism. These psychometric properties make the NPPT a valuable tool for clinical and research applications. Clinically, it aids in diagnosing narcissistic personality disorder, planning treatment strategies, and tracking patient progress. In research, the NPPT offers a standardized measure for studying narcissistic traits, facilitating comparative studies and contributing to a deeper understanding of narcissism's role in various psychological phenomena. The NPPT's detailed analysis and robust design establish it as a cornerstone in the assessment and management of narcissistic personality disorder.
Reasons of high dropout rate in primary education in a school of Dhaka City during COVID- 19 pandemic: A case study
Authors: Nawrin Sultana  , Mohammad Serajuddin  , Farzana Sultana Doly  , Ahmed Sharif Talukder  , HM Atif Wafik
Published: November 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic caused unprecedented disruptions in education systems worldwide, including in Dhaka, Bangladesh. This case study investigates the reasons behind the high dropout rates in primary education in a school located in Dhaka City during the pandemic. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study gathered data from teachers, students, and parents through interviews, surveys, and school records. The findings reveal that factors such as economic hardship, lack of access to digital learning tools, parental unemployment, and increased child labor were significant contributors to student dropouts. Additionally, the prolonged closure of schools, lack of engagement in online learning, and mental health challenges further exacerbated the issue. Recommendations for targeted interventions to reduce dropout rates during and after the pandemic are discussed.
Influence of boron nitride reinforcement particles on physical and tribological properties of Al7079 MMCs
Authors: Mahesh Kumar V
Published: November 2024

Metal matrix composites (MMCs) are regarded as viable alternatives to conventional materials such as metals, plastics, and ceramics in structural applications due to their properties, including lightweight, high specific stiffness, elevated elastic modulus, enhanced specific strength, and excellent wear resistance. Among the many metal composites, aluminum metal matrix composites (MMCs) have emerged as sophisticated engineering materials for several prospective applications in engineering industries due to their superior qualities compared to typical aluminum alloys. Ceramic particles are the most extensively utilized reinforcements in MMCs due to their superior wear resistance, thermal stability, and exceptional bonding with the matrix. This research work has been conducted to develop ceramic particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites and to evaluate their physical and mechanical properties. Al7079 alloy and Boron Nitride (BN) are selected as the matrix and reinforcement for the study respectively. The stir casting technique was utilized to fabricate the composites.Al7079-BN composites are prepared by varying the percentage of BN reinforcement particles from 0 to 8% by volume, with an increment of 2%. Test specimens were machined from the produced composites for the evaluation of microstructural, physical and tribological properties according to ASTM standards. The microstructural analysis of the produced samples was conducted using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The density of the composite was assessed empirically using Archimedes' principle and theoretically through the rule of mixture. Microstructural analysis reveals a homogeneous distribution of BN particles throughout the matrix without any agglomeration, and it also demonstrates excellent bonding. The density of the composites decreased by approximately 4.6% with the incorporation of BN reinforcement up to 8%, attributed to the lower density of BN particles. Wear loss of the composite was found to decrease with increase in reinforcement content as a result wear resistance of the composites increased as compared to unreinforced alloy.
Blood biochemical parameters of rats fed with powder from the flesh of the Limicolaria flammea snail
Authors: Régis Bilo LOA  , Envrin BOGUI  , Yves DJINA  , Akissi Françoise KOUAME
Published: November 2024

With a view to the nutritional value of the Limicolaria flamea snail and the contribution to the fight against protein deficiencies, our study consisted of determining the blood biochemical parameters, blood mineral levels and serum enzyme activity in rats fed the different diets (ESC, RTC and RPP), in particular the diet containing powder derived from the flesh of the Limicolaria flammea snail. After the rats had been fed the diets on a daily basis for 15 days, the protein intake of the diets was used to measure the effect of consuming powder derived from the flesh of the Limicolaria flammea snail on the biochemical and mineral indicators of the rats fed the different diets. The results show that the urea content of rats fed the RTC, ESC and RPP diets respectively was 0.26 ± 0.06 g/L, 0.3 ± 0.15 g/L and 0.29 ± 0.01 respectively. The creatinine values in the blood of rats on their respective diets (RTC, ESC and RPP) were 3.25 ± 0.5 g/L, 3.25 ± 0.5 g/L and 3.5 ± 0.57 g/L respectively. Thus, the serum enzyme values of the rats on their respective diets showed no significant difference at the 5 % threshold, particularly for serum enzymes such as Aspartane Amino Transferase (ASAT) and Alanine Amino Transferase (ALAT).
Ethical Implications of AI-Driven AAC Systems: Ensuring Inclusivity and Equity in Assistive Technologies
Authors: Omotayo Emmanuel Omoyemi
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the ethical implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) integration into Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) systems, focusing on inclusivity, accessibility, and data privacy in assistive technologies. AI-driven AAC systems enhance communication for individuals with impairments by offering features like predictive text, speech recognition, and symbol-to-text translation. However, ethical challenges arise as these systems increasingly rely on sensitive user data, which could jeopardize privacy without strict safeguards. Furthermore, limitations in linguistic diversity within AI training data compromise inclusivity, potentially excluding users from varied cultural and linguistic backgrounds. Accessibility also remains an issue, as AI-driven AAC systems are often financially inaccessible for marginalized communities, exacerbating social inequities. Through a comprehensive analysis of current systems, including Proloquo2Go, Tobii Dynavox and Google’s Project Euphonia, this paper evaluates both the advancements and ethical shortcomings in AI-driven AAC technologies. The findings advocate for privacy-preserving AI practices, culturally diverse training datasets, and affordable AAC solutions to foster a more inclusive, accessible, and equitable digital communication environment.
The role of maternal nutrition in the development and management of hydrocephalus in pregnancy: A narrative review
Authors: Taiwo Akindahunsi  , Samuel Dada  , Joy Onyekachi Acha  , Oluwabunmi Blessing Adesina  , Jude Shagan Azai
Published: November 2024

Maternal nutrition reflects the health and well-being of the fetus, making it one of the most critical and controllable factors in ensuring healthy growth and development throughout pregnancy. Therefore, deficiencies in certain nutrients during gestation could result in neurodevelopmental disorders like hydrocephalus. Hydrocephalus (HC) is a diverse condition marked by the accumulation of abnormal volumes of CSF within the brain's ventricles and subarachnoid space, contributing to approximately 276,000 neonatal deaths annually worldwide. Therefore, this review aims to analyze the role of maternal nutrition in the development and potential management of hydrocephalus during pregnancy. The search protocol involves searching these primary databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and Research Rabbit supplemented by a manual search of references from selected relevant articles. Relevant articles that studied the relationship between maternal nutrition and congenital anomalies, multivitamin supplementation in pregnancy, the use of animal models to detect the development of hydrocephalus, and so on were reviewed. Relevant older articles were also included. It is concluded that maternal folic acid-fortified multivitamin supplementation during the periconceptional period is effective against the development of hydrocephalus. Multivitamin folic acid supplementation is recommended for women of childbearing age, whether or not, they are planning to get pregnant. Further research on the mechanism of how folic acid prevents congenital hydrocephalus should be explored.
Anti-oxidative stress effects of ethyl acetate fraction of Diaphananthe bidens Leaf in Streptozotocin-Induced Type-2 Diabetic (T2D) Rats
Authors: Mba Ogbonnaya  , Roseline N Asomugha  , Emeka E Ilodigwe  , Ikechukwu S Mbagwu  , Ernest C Orji  , Uchechukwu H Orji  , Daniel L Ajaghaku
Published: November 2024

The research examined the anti-oxidative stress properties of the ethyl acetate fraction derived from Diaphananthe bidens leaves in rats with T2D by the analysis of blood glucose levels, lipid profile, lipid peroxidation (MDA), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), pro-inflammatory cytokine (tumour necrosis factor-alpha, TNF-α), and cardiovascular biomarkers. The extracts underwent fractionation, and the total phenolic content was quantified. The rodents were administered a high-fat diet over two weeks, followed by an I.P. injection of 50 mg/kg of nicotinamide before induction with 100 mg/kg of streptozotocin to prevent insulin degradation. Animals exhibiting fasting blood sugar levels exceeding 160 mg/dl were selected and categorized into five groups: uninduced (10mg/kg tween 20) and a control group (100mg/kg metformin). The ethyl acetate was administered orally to groups at dosages of 93, 186, and 372 mg/kg daily over 30 days. The measurement of Fasting Blood Sugar was conducted, and the percentage reduction was documented on the 15th and 30th days. Blood samples were obtained for the assessment of lipid profile, MDA, AOPP, TNF-α, and cardiovascular biomarkers, utilizing established methodologies. The high-fat diet leading to the induction of T2D resulted in a significant(P<0.05) elevation in blood glucose levels, total cholesterol, LDL, oxidized LDL, MDA, AOPP, TNF-α, atherogenic risk index, and atherosclerosis index, while significantly diminishing HDL levels. The administration of the ethyl acetate fraction resulted in a notable significant (P<0.05) decreases in the measured parameters and a significant increase in HDL-c levels. The results substantiated the anti-oxidative stress, anti-cholesterolemia and cardioprotective effects of D. bidens.
Peningkatan Pengetahuan Masyarakat Tentang Penanganan Orang Dengan Gangguan Jiwa di Desa Cijagang, Kecamatan Cikalong Kulon, Cianjur, Jawa Barat
Authors: Mekarsari Tria Cahyani , Esterilita Mari , Kartikawati Dewi
Published: November 2024

Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan praktik pekerja sosial masyarakat dalam menangani kurangnya pemahaman masyarakat desa Cijagang terhadap orang dengan gangguan jiwa. Pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan di wilayah desa Cijagang kecamatan Cikalong Kulon, Cianjur, Jawa Barat. Metode yang digunakan pada pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah pendekatan pekerjaan sosial makro dengan tiga tahapan di dalamnya yaitu, tahap awal yang mana pada tahap awal mencakup inisiasi sosial yang mana pada tahap ini penulis melakukan homevisit, transect walk, dan community involvement, pengorganisasian sosial yang dilakukan bersama dengan aparat desa seperti RT, RW, kepala dusun, dan anggota PKK, assesment sosial yang mana pada tahap ini di lakukan assesment menggunakan teknologi pekerjaan sosial makro yaitu Methodology Parcipatory Assesment (MPA) , dan perencanaan sosial yang direncanakan menggunakan teknik focus group disscusion (FGD). Kemudian tahap kedua yaitu pelaksanaan intervensi berupa pemberian sosialisasi kepada warga, dan tahap akhiran yang mencakup evaluasi dan terminasi dengan mengadakan lokakarya guna memaparkan kegiatan yang dilakukan dan menyampaikan salam perpisahan. hasil dari pengabdian masyarakat ini dapat dilihat melalui rata rata nilai pretest posttest. Pada hasil pretest rata rata pengetahuan masyarakat terkait penanganan orang dengan gangguan jiwa adalah 67,36 dan rata rata posttestnya menunjukkan penaikkan pengetahuan menjadi 76,84. Kesimpulan dari Pengabdian masyarakat adalah terjadinya peningkatan pengetahuan di masyarakat akan penanganan orang dengan gangguan jiwa setelah dilakukan pemberian sosialisasi tentang penanganan orang dengan gangguan jiwa
Reader-Response Analysis in The Lottery Short Story by Shirley Jackson
Authors: Audi Tasya , Maram Mohammad Aufal , Rohmana Wahyu Indah Mala
Published: November 2024

This reader response analysis explores Shirley Jackson's short story "The Lottery" through the reader's perspective and interpretation. This study investigates the dynamic and subjective nature of reading, recognizing the reader's role in actively constructing meaning. The main characters, including Tessie Hutchinson, Mr. Summers, and Old Man Warner, examined based on reader responses, reveal insights into themes of tradition, authority, and resistance to change. The characters' personalities are closely tied to their roles in the community, thus influencing the reader's interpretation. Through qualitative research methods, including interviews, book excerpts, and surveys, this research captures how readers discover the factors of the main characters' characters. This analysis emphasizes the importance of reader response theory in understanding the diverse ways individuals connect to and derive meaning from literary works, ultimately contributing to an understanding of  “The Lottery”. From the research results, it was concluded that the analysis of readers' responses to Shirley Jackson's short story "The Lottery" revealed a complex interaction between the reader's interpretation and the character's personality, emphasizing the themes of blind obedience to tradition, the dangers of fanaticism, and the resulting cruelty.
Agroecological evaluation of nigella in the forest-steppe conditions of the middle Volga region
Authors: Prahova T. Ya. , Isakova A. L.
Published: November 2024

Nigella is currently becoming a very popular essential oil plant, which is used in various industries. The article presents a comprehensive assessment of 5 varieties of nigella of Belarusian breeding in the forest-steppe conditions of the Middle Volga region (Penza region). Over the years of research (2021–2023), it has been established that nigella, in the conditions of the research region, completely goes through all stages of growth and development, forming a full-fledged harvest. The growing season of the crop varies from 96 to 107 days. The crop yield was 1.44–1.58 t/ha by cultivars. The highest seed productivity was noted in the ʽRadasts’ and ʽBelaruski Dukhmyany’ cultivars, which amounted to 1.58 and 1.57 t/ha, respectively. All varieties were characterized by high adaptive capacity, the adaptability coefficient was 0.95–1.04. The highest level of stability of yield formation was noted in the ʽRadasts’ and ʽZnakharka’ cultivars (13.0 and 13.3). The varieties ʽRadasts’ and ʽIskra’ had the highest fat content in seeds – 41.6 and 41.9 %, respectively. It should be noted that the ʽSunichny Vodar’ and ʽBelaruski Dukhmyany’ cultivars had lower seed oil content (39.7 and 39.4 %), but this indicator was the most stable over the years  (the stability index was 6.1 and 7.4, respectively). In the oil composition linoleic (49.5–64.8 %) and oleic (17.5–30.5 %) acids predominated. Analysis of the crop structure showed that all cultivars formed rather large seeds with a 1000-seed weight from 2.76 g (ʽZnakharka’) to 3.54 g (ʽRadasts’). Evaluation of nigella cultivars showed its high adaptive capabilities in the climatic conditions of the Penza region. Nigella sativa is a promising oilseed crop for introduction into the Middle Volga region.
Content of exDNA in rooster’s seminal plasma as a potential biomarker of sperm viability
Authors: Kurochkin A. A. , Kuzmina T. I. , Prituzhalova A. O.
Published: November 2024

Searching biomarkers, that have an early prognostic trait and determinate functional status of male gametes Gallus Gallus is a promising direction for improving ejaculate’s quality reproductive characteristics. In context of a decreasing reproductive performance due to breeding selection of birds aimed to improving economically useful traits, this approach to selecting males, based on their sperm quality production will make it possible to evaluate sperm in a short time and identify potentially the best producers at early stages. The study determined possibility of using exDNA as a potential biomarker that determines quality indicators of native sperm obtained from roosters. Significant correlations were revealed between exDNA and proportion of cells with damaged plasma membrane (r = 0.35, p<0.05), which indicates a possible connection of this  biomarker with necrotic and apoptotic processes occurring in cells. Variation coefficient of exDNA indicator was 30.28 %, demonstrating the possibility of using the proposed biomarker (exDNA concentration in the seminal fluid of Gallus Gallus)  as a predictive criterion for assessing quality of male gametes. Significant correlations (r = 0.51, p<0.05) were established between proportion of cells exposed to oxidative stress, proportion of cells with damaged plasma membrane and high mitochondrial activity, which indicates negative impact of reactive oxygen species on the plasma membrane integrity and relationship increased generation of reactive oxygen species with functional status of mitochondria. On the basis of the analysis of research results, the indicator “exDNA content in seminal fluid” should be considered as a preventive non-invasive biomarker of the functional state of male gamete Gallus Gallus.
Biotesting of titanium tetrapolyethylene glycolate in 10 molar excess on granulosa cell culture of porcine follicles
Authors: Prituzhalova A. O. , Kuzmina T. I. , Khonina T. G. , Nikulina U. S.
Published: November 2024

The effect of titanium tetrapolyethylene glycolate dissolved in polyethylene glycol (ratio 1:10) (abbreviated TTPEG*10PEG) on granulosa cells (GC) of the antral ovarian follicles of Sus scrofa domesticus in the dynamics of in vitro culture was assessed. Granulosa cells aspirated from post mortem ovarian porcine follicles (ø 3-5 mm) obtained at the Tosnensky Meat Processing Plant, were cultured without and in the presence of 0.1, 0.01 and 0.001 % TTPEG*10PEG.  After 22 and 44 hours, the GC were analyzed by flow cytometry. A comprehensive analysis of viability indicators (mitochondrial activity, apoptosis), as well as the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the GC after exposure to TTPEG*10PEG, revealed that the addition of 0.1 % TTPEG*10PEG to the culture medium after 22 and 44 hours causes disturbances in the functional activity of the GC, accompanied by a decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential compared to control (by 8 and 9 %, respectively, p<0.05) and cell death (the proportion of cells in apoptosis was 45 and 41 %, respectively, p<0.001). In the groups cultured in the presence of 0.01 % and 0.001 % TTPEG*10PEG, no significant differences in the level of GC in the state of apoptosis were detected when cultured for either 22 or 44 hours. At the same time, an increase in mitochondrial  activity was shown in these groups in comparison with the control and the group containing 0.1 % TTPEG*10PEG (by 11 and 13 %, respectively, after 22 hours, p<0.001 and by 15 and 27 % after 44 hours, p< 0.001). No significant differences were found between the study groups in the rate of ROS generation in cells. In general, a dose-dependent negative effect  of TTPEG*10PEG (0.1 %) was identified. TTPEG*10PEG at concentrations of 0.01 and 0.001% did not have a destructive effect on the studied cell population, which indicates the possibility of using TTPEG*10PEG at the above concentrations (0.01 and 0.001 %) to simulate the composition of media used in porcine granulosa cells culture systems.
Convolutional neural network for segmentation of apple blossoms in images
Authors: Kutyrev A. I.
Published: November 2024

The article provides a method for assessing the intensity of apple blossom for the thinning technological operation, including dataset preparation and training of YOLOv8-seg convolutional neural network models (n, s, m, l, x) for image segmentation. Transfer learning technique was applied in the research, utilizing pretrained models on the COCO dataset (Common Objects in Context). The apple blossom image dataset was captured using a GoPro HERO 11 camera. Image annotation was performed on the Roboflow platform using tools for bounding box and polygon annotation and labeling. To expand the dataset and improve the models' generalization during training, augmentation of original images was conducted, including horizontal flipping, horizontal rotation by 90°, rotation from -15° to +15°, adding noise up to 5% of pixels, blurring up to 2.5 pixels, horizontal and vertical shifts from -10° to 10°, and color hue adjustment from -15° to +15°. Binary classification metrics such as Precision and Recall were used to evaluate the performance of trained models in recognizing apple blossoms in images using bounding boxes and mask segmentation. The Loss(Box/Mask) loss function was used to assess model errors in determining bounding boxes and segmentation masks of objects in images during training. The hyperparameters of the YOLOv8-seg model for image recognition, classification, and segmentation of apple blossom images were identified through the YOLOv8x-seg (mAP50 metric = 0.591) and YOLOv8l-seg (mAP50 metric = 0,584) models demonstrate higher performance in apple blossom recognition. The frame processing speed (Frame Rate, FR) of  convolutional neural network models ranged from 10.27 (YOLOv8x-seg model) to 57.32 (YOLOv8n-seg model). The average  absolute error of the models in recognizing apple blossoms and counting their quantity in the test dataset does not exceed 9 %.
Power in the conditions of communicative risk-generation of network society
Authors: Kvas Anna Yuryevna
Published: November 2024

The research aims to identify the trends of transformation of power relations in the context of a risk-generating reality of network society, which forms a risk-generating space. The article examines the communicative dimension of modern society as a space for the formation and development of risk-generating conditions – states of uncertainty and instability. The structure of network communications provides high dynamics of risks, their mutual influence, which poses a challenge to the institution of power. The structure of the network itself outlines new contours of social existence and power relations, which is manifested in the increased role of virtual space, internet communications, and the subject’s involvement in network interactions: the institute of network leadership emerges, new network states are constructed, and new moral and ethical models of behavior arise. Scientific novelty lies in the following: transformations of power under the influence of network communications at the institutional, value, and subject-oriented levels have been identified. The research results in an understanding of the trends of transformation of communicative processes in the political reality under the conditions of the network structure of society, which forms a risk-generating space.
Adaptation challenges of pedagogical students at the university: Assessment and ways of overcoming
Authors: Peresada Oksana Valeryevna , Konogorskaya Svetlana Anatolyevna , Popova Inga Markelovna
Published: November 2024

The research aims to identify the correspondence between the capabilities of students and the requirements of the university through the examination of students’ subjective perception of learning challenges. The article considers the features and components of university adaptation. Based on empirical research and a comparison of the difficulties experienced by first-year students and students in their second to fourth years, the challenges of learning and self-regulation of modern students are shown. The novelty of the research lies in developing diagnostic tools that allow for the assessment of the prerequisites for successful adaptation and challenges among students in the process of adapting to the university, in identifying the characteristic difficulties of students in the areas of social and didactic adaptation. As a result of the research, approaches to overcoming the challenges faced by students in the learning process are outlined.
Analysis of dysfunctional processes of informational and psychological impact on the psychological stability of military age students
Authors: Buksha Liliia Francevna , Nazarskaya Elena Nikolaevna
Published: November 2024

The purpose of the study is to identify, based on the analysis of dysfunctional processes of information and psychological impact, the level of psychological stability and vulnerability of young men of military age, students of secondary vocational and higher educational institutions, to the information and psychological impact of the external environment. Based on the study of psychological and pedagogical literature, the article analyzes the dysfunctional processes of information and psychological impact, which sharply reduce the level of psychological and personal stability of students. The results of an empirical study of the level of psychological stability and the degree of vulnerability of young men of military age, students of secondary vocational and higher educational institutions, to information and psychological influence in the context of possible manipulation due to the inability to resist spontaneous, and sometimes targeted, victimogenic effects of the information space on their consciousness and behavior are presented. The scientific novelty of the study is due to the analysis of dysfunctional processes of information and psychological impact and the receipt of new data on personal predictors of psychological stability of military age students to the information and psychological impact of the external environment. The authors conclude that the active use of Internet resources, high sensitivity to information stress, lack of skills in its regulation and high suggestibility with a certain ambivalence of perception of the reliability of information create conditions for the informational and psychological impact of dysfunctional processes on the psychological stability of young people of military age. The results of the study actualize the importance of developing educational and preventive programs aimed at increasing the level of critical thinking, improving information analysis skills and forming psychological stability of young men of military age, students of secondary vocational and higher educational institutions, which will allow them to cope more effectively with negative information and psychological influences and adapt to changing living conditions in context of countering external threats.
The short story “The Ancient Song” by Zulfiya Qurolboy qizi in the context of magical realism
Authors: Karimov Ziyoakhmad Alisher ugli
Published: November 2024

The article is set to discover the key artistic methods and techniques of magical realism in “The Ancient Song”, a short story written by the modern Uzbek writer Zulfiya Qurolboy qizi. The study aims to identify the main ways in which magical realism functions in “The Ancient Song”. The article discusses dominant themes and implicit messages of the story; sheds light upon its spatial and temporal structure; examines the role of mythology and folklore and explores the narrative strategy. The academic novelty of the research is connected with the fact that it focuses on the little-studied issue of magical realism in contemporary Uzbek literature. The results of the study are the following ones: as a work of magical realism, “The Ancient Song” interweaves realistic elements with fantasies, combines tangible details of daily life with universal archetypal images, uses such a form of chronotope that produces the effect of “augmented reality” and employs a specific narrative strategy.
The image of home in the Latin American novel of the 1980s (based on the novel “Of Love and Shadows” by Isabel Allende)
Authors: Ivanova Nina Vladimirovna , Kumchiy Alexandra Sergeevna
Published: November 2024

The research aims to identify the characteristics of the spatial image of home in the Latin American novel of the 1980s. The originality of this research lies in the fact that the image of home is examined for the first time as a key element of the artistic code of the novel “Of Love and Shadows” by the Chilean writer Isabel Allende, which has not been a subject of research in Russian Spanish studies so far. As a result of the research, the authors determined that in the Latin American novel of the 1980s (in particular, in Allende’s work under consideration), the image of home continues to be one of the most important artistic images, fully revealing its polyfunctionality but demonstrating certain transformations. In Allende’s novel “Of Love and Shadows”, the image of home is represented by three images of a dwelling (an urban house (mansion), a rural (village) house, and a house built by the owners themselves). These images organize the space of the work, mark the development of the plot and the evolution of the main character’s image, illustrate the life of Chilean society in a particular historical period, and also establish a connection with traditional Latin American cultural and worldview dominants. At the same time, I. Allende transforms the familiar “material” image of home and develops the image of the “spiritual home” rooted in human memory.
Combinatorial-dynamic analysis method as a tool for identifying factors in the transformation of usual paroemias into neo-paroemias (based on English anti-proverbs with a feminine marker)
Authors: Vlavatskaya Marina Vitalyevna
Published: November 2024

The research is conducted within the framework of combinatorial paremiology, a branch of combinatorial linguistics that studies the transformations of traditional paroemias (proverbs, sayings, aphorisms, etc.) into neo-paroemias (anti-proverbs). The aim of the research is to justify the correctness and expediency of applying the combinatorial-dynamic analysis method, directed at identifying linguistic and extralinguistic factors that influence the transformation of usual paroemiological units, which mainly have a didactic character, into neo-paroemias as a manifestation of the destruction of outdated stereotypes. The scientific novelty of the research lies in developing the combinatorial-dynamic analysis method as a special tool for identifying ways and causes of the transformation of usual paroemias into neo-paroemias. Based on the material of English-language anti-proverbs with a feminine marker, the method was tested. As a result, the ways of transforming English-language usual paroemias into neo-paroemias were identified, semantic features were highlighted, semantic groups of neo-paroemias were formed (in this case, with a feminine component), and correlations were revealed related to the change in stereotypes as a result of the emergence of new realities and attitudes within the modern anthropocentric paradigm.
The first Evenki writer of Yakutia N. S. Tarabukin: New materials on his biography and works
Authors: Okhlopkova Zhanna Valerievna
Published: November 2024

The research aims to reconstruct the biographical data and the early creative path of N. S. Tarabukin, as there is no complete scientific description of the biography and creative legacy of the founder of Evenki literature in Yakutia. The article traces the historiography of the writer’s life and creative path in the context of the socio-political environment. The research is novel in that it is the first one to involve a complex of archival and other sources, which made it possible to reveal, clarify, date, and comment on a number of facts of the writer’s biography and creative work. Previously unknown documents from the Manuscript Collection of the Yakutian Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences are introduced into scientific use. The author of the article uses these documents when compiling a chronicle of the writer’s life and work. The archival materials cover the period from 1934 to 1949. As a result of the research, facts of the biography are established or clarified, the writer’s creative individuality is interpreted through a synthesis of biographical, historical, and textual analysis. The research findings ensure the preservation of important historical and literary information, making it possible not only to expand the understanding of the chronological sequence of facts and events but also to determine N. S. Tarabukin’s contribution to the formation of Evenki literature, the development of culture, painting, education, and enlightenment of the northern peoples.
Postmodern transformation of the ancient myth of the Minotaur in modern European literature as exemplified by the novels by Jean-Christophe Grangé
Authors: Korolev Vladimir Borisovich , Koroleva Eugenia Valentinovna
Published: November 2024

The article focuses on the issue of postmodern reinterpretation of images and plots of ancient mythology in modern European literature. The analysis is based on the detective novels “The Passenger” and “The Black Line” by the French writer Jean-Christophe Grangé. The study aims to confirm the mythopoeic nature of the novels by the writer Jean-Christophe Grangé, who intentionally complicates the semantic field of his works with allusions and reminiscences in order to attract a more educated, literarily sophisticated reader to the genre of “light”, “mass” literature. The study is original in that it is the first one to analyze the novels by Jean-Christophe Grangé from the perspective of their pronounced intertextuality, which, in turn, allows us to talk about the inclusion of the author’s works in the postmodern canvas of modern European prose. As a result of the study, it was found that the participants in the detective conflict in the novels of the French writer, due to plot-forming reasons (memory lapses, fake letters) and the unreliable narrator technique used by Grangé, alternately try on the roles of characters from ancient Greek myths, thereby expanding the semantic sphere of the novels and the possibilities of their interpretations. The mythopoeic saturation of his own works with references to recognizable images and plots becomes an occasion for the writer to involve the reader in an ironic game.
The problem of the search for truth in N. P. Wagner's fairy tale "Princess Nanjana"
Authors: Norina Natalia Viktorovna
Published: November 2024

The article presents an analysis of the philosophical content of N. P. Wagner's fairy tale "Princess Nanjana" through the prism of the key problem of the search for truth for this work. The purpose of the study is to identify the semantic and value aspects of the work, conditioned by the author's spiritual and philosophical views on the world and human nature. Based on the comparative analysis of N. P. Wagner's "eastern" fairy tale "Princess Nanjana" and other tales with an oriental flavor in the collection "Tales of the Purring Cat" (1872), the author's substantial concept and the specifics of its artistic embodiment are studied in the article. The semantic structure-forming oppositions underlying the author's worldview are identified and interpreted, as well as the factors of the presence of oriental elements in the poetics of the work. The scientific novelty of the research is due to the fact that for the first time the ontological aspect of the content of a specific philosophical tale by N. P. Wagner was studied from the standpoint of considering the problem of achieving an ideal in the process of searching for truth by the characters of the work, which is significant for the writer. As a result of the research, it was revealed that the problem of searching for truth is presented as a problem of comprehending the higher (spiritual and moral) foundations of human existence. The study of the peculiarities of the embodiment of the author's ideas and values at the level of poetics has shown the role of folklore and oriental elements to expand the semantic facets of the work.
Who are we, where are we from, where are we going to?": Territorial identity in the urbanonymy of Kurgan City
Authors: Golomidova Marina Vasilevna , Dmitrieva Anastasia Valerevna
Published: November 2024

The purpose of the study is to assess the current state of representation of territorial identity in the urban name of the city of Kurgan (Southern Trans-Urals). Using the model of the semantic field of territorial identity, the authors consider the objectification of its components in topographical names forming the urbanonymic "framework" of the city. The scientific novelty of the work is determined by the approbation of an integrated approach to assessing the state of urbanonymy, and it consists of: 1) analysis of the urbanonymicon from the point of view of reflecting the key characteristics of the city in the motivational semantics of topographical names (the position of external observation); 2) identifying the assessments of the residents themselves regarding the established set of names as a means of conveying local flavor (an inside look). As a result of the study, semantic groups translating the features of territorial identity were established in the urbanonymic "framework" of Kurgan, some lacunae and poorly implemented nominative themes were revealed. The assessment of the compliance of the urbanonymy of Kurgan with the current ideas of the inhabitants about its identity gave results important for toponymic practices. The majority of respondents, noting some key characteristics of Kurgan in urbanonymy, nevertheless define its urbanonymic portrait as insufficiently representative to convey a modern flavor. This allows us to make recommendations on the correction of municipal toponymic policy.
Estimating attrition of Sprague Dawley rats for research involving primary neuronal cultures
Authors: Denis B. , De Jesus R. , Gittens R.A
Published: November 2024

The use of laboratory animals for biomedical research is strictly regulated to prevent their suffering and inadequate use. While experimentation is in process, attrition usually can increase the number of animals needed to achieve the objectives. Unfortunately, attrition is not commonly reported in literature. In the present study, we worked with primary neuronal cell cultures to establish the first in vitro brain ischemia model in Panama. We report the effects of attrition in the final number of animals. Primary cortical cell cultures were produced from Sprague Dawley rat embryos. Vaginal cytology was used to evaluate oestrus cycle. Pregnant rats had routine evaluation plus clinical/weight follow up. Sample size calculations estimated 26 rats for the study using an attrition rate of 25%. The final number of animals used empirically was 26; however, the measured attrition was 50% (13). These results highlight the importance of calculating attrition for studies requiring laboratory animals, taking in consideration the context and available data from local institutions to allow for the most efficient use of laboratory animals, especially for newly established laboratories in developing countries.
Domestic bovines as potential environmental bioindicators: analysis of oral epithelium and application in the micronucleus assay
Authors: Ferré D.M , Carracedo R.T. , Pedrosa A. , Caliri M.N. , Ludueña H.R. , Gorla N.B.
Published: November 2024

Domestic cattle (Bos Taurus) could be used as bioindicators of the quality of agroecosystems, with the possibility of alerting through cellular biomarkers about possible adverse effects of drugs administered in them or toxic contaminants in the surrounding environment. The micronucleus buccal cytome (MN-cyt buccal) assay is used in human populations for this purpose. The aim of this study was to perform the structural characterization of the epithelium in the anatomical site proposed for performing the oral MN-cyt buccal assay in this species and to describe the types and frequencies of cells with nuclear abnormalities (NA) of the bovine oral lining epithelium. Exfoliative cytology of the buccal labial epithelium of twelve castrated males was performed and 1,000 cells per animal were analyzed. The frequencies of basal and differentiated cells with NAs were established. The most frequently observed cell types and NAs were: karyolytic, condensed chromatin, karyorrhexis, pyknotic, kidney-shaped, notched nuclei, binucleated, micronucleated and buds. Four grades of progression were described in nuclei with karyorrhexis. A keratinized flat stratified epithelium of 866.67±75.44 μm thick (Mean ± SD) was evidenced and the characteristics of the cells of the strata germinativum, granulosum, spinosum and corneum are delineated. In addition to being keratinized, the bovine epithelium is three to five times thicker than that recorded in humans due to more differentiated cells. In the prospective use of buccal MN-cyt in bovines, indicators of cell death should not be considered as a result of genotoxic effects that induce apoptosis, as occurs in humans; the rest of the NAs could be used as biomarkers.
Prevalencia de sarcocystosis en carcasas de alpacas (Vicugna pacos) comercializados en la región Junín, Perú
Authors: Carhuas, J.N. , Villar F.A. , Mauricio-Ramos Y. , Gomez, E.A. , Payano I.U
Published: November 2024

El objetivo primordial de este estudio consistió en evaluar la prevalencia de Sarcocystis sp., en las carcasas de alpacas comercializadas en la región de Junín, Perú. Se llevó a cabo un exhaustivo análisis de datos recopilados durante el período comprendido entre enero y diciembre del año 2022, período durante el cual se observó el ingreso de estas carcasas al mercado principal de la mencionada región. El estudio abarcó un total de 1.716 carcasas durante el período mencionado, donde las regiones de Junín, Huancavelica y Lima aportaron 572 carcasas década una. La metodología empleada para la identificación de individuos infectados se basó en la realización de análisis macroscópicos de quistes generados por la presencia de Sarcocystis sp. Los hallazgos revelaron una prevalencia del 16,78% (68/572) de Sarcocystis sp., en las carcasas procedentes de la región de Junín. Por otro lado, se observó una prevalencia del 11,88% (96/572) en la región de Lima y del 5.24% (30/572) en la región de Huancavelica. Además, se calcularon Odds Ratio (p<0,05) de 2,44 y 3,64 para las regiones de Junín y Lima, respectivamente, en comparación con Huancavelica. El estudio evidencia una prevalencia de Sarcocystis sp., de las regiones estudiadas, con mayor frecuencia en Lima y Junín en comparación con Huancavelica.