bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Dual Role of Culture in Evolutionary Play: Anthropogenic Expansion Vs Destruction of Biodiversity
Authors: Deb Debal
Published: January 2024

A large number of Green discourse blames the human species for the current ecological crisis. However, this description of humanity as the ecocidal culprit serves to conceal the role of humans, in both past and contemporary pre-industrial societies, as custodians of biodiversity. Indigenous societies are known to have conserved their natural resource base for posterity, by instituting cultural norms and institutions against exhaustive resource use. In addition, pre-industrial societies also increased biodiversity on taxic and genetic levels, by domestication of many wild biota, and on the ecosystem level with agroforestry. While Darwin gave much importance to the process of domestication of plants and animals by means of artificial selection, modern science and agriculture curricula tend to neglect this aspect of the history of human civilization. The novel taxa, created in the process of domestication, are characterised by many morphological and behavioural traits never found in the wild progenitor species. Further selection of favourable traits of the new species created an abundance of distinctive crop landraces and animal breeds.

The increment in diversity at the ecosystem, taxic and genetic levels, by the process of domestication and in ancient agroforestry systems, began to reverse with industrial development over the past two centuries. Indeed, industrial development has been the chief driver of the continuing process of biodiversity erosion and habitat loss worldwide. Industrial agricultural systems, signposted by the Green Revolution (GR), has severely truncated the on-farm crop species and genetic diversity, which characterised traditional multi-crop farming and agroforestry systems in native agrarian cultures. Over the past six decades, the continual replacement of hundreds of landraces with a handful of GR cultivars, combined with the institutional apathy toward in situ landrace conservation efforts, has led to the disappearance of the importance of genetic purity of landraces from breeding programs and heirloom crop conservation discourse. Most of the modern farmers, predominantly dependent on the industrial supply of crop seeds, have forgotten the methods of genetic purity maintenance, resulting in the rapid loss of the hundreds of crop landraces with distinctive properties, which were selected centuries ago for diverse agronomic, gustatory, and aesthetic qualities. A recognition of the value of the custodian role of ecosystem people in creating and conserving biodiversity, vis-a-vis the current industrial decimation of biodiversity on all levels, will likely promote biodiversity conservation ethos in modern societies, and the value of genetic purity of the extant crop landraces.
The Convergence of Intelligence and Longevity
Authors: Gualtieri Camillo
Published: January 2024

Humans are the most intelligent mammals, and the most long-lived. Intelligence and longevity are characteristics of our species and they probably evolved together. They are also individual traits; individual differences in intelligence, health and longevity are directly correlated. People who are cognitively well-endowed are more likely to possess a number of favorable physical attributes, including disease-resistance and longevity.

The convergence of intelligence and longevity during evolution was inevitable. Something as extraordinary as the human brain can only have evolved in an organism whose physiological systems are highly reliable, efficient and coherent. The human brain takes about 30 years to achieve maturity, although a case may be made for 50 or 60 years. A brain that requires such a long period of development needs a strong supporting cast in the soma.

The resilience and longevity of brain is reflected by the same qualities in soma, and several ideas have been put forth to explain the association. We propose that the genetic elements that engineered our efficient and durable brain have exercised similar effects on our somatic systems. Almost all of the genes that generate and maintain the human brain are also active in the periphery, endowing our tissues with the same efficiency and durability. The speed, flexibility and efficiency of neural networks are homologous with similar attributes that govern the behavior of gene networks for intelligence and longevity.
To Publish Scientific Journals: For Some, the Big Business of the Century
Authors: Domingo Jose L
Published: January 2024

This brief commentary addresses the escalating issues within the scientific publishing industry. The author highlights the proliferation of predatory journals and the adoption of similar profit-driven models by established publishers. He points out the ethical dilemma posed by Gold Open Access (OA) journals, which charge significant Article Publishing Charges (APC) to authors while not compensating peer reviewers. The commentary underscores the resulting strain on the peer-review process, with a decline in the availability and quality of reviewers. The author observes a shift from the traditional reciprocal peer-review system to one burdened by challenges, including shortened review deadlines, reliance on less experienced reviewers, and instances of manuscripts being unreviewed. He advocates for compensating reviewers if authors are charged for publication, warning that the current system risks the integrity of peer-reviewed research. Finally, the commentary applauds initiatives like the resignation of editorial board members from Elsevier journals to start non-profit journals, urging scientific communities to regain control of scholarly publishing.
Legislative bases for regulation of the development of organic agriculture in Russia
Authors: Nikonova Natal'ya , Dibirova Kh. , Nikonov Aleksey
Published: January 2024

Abstract. The purpose of the study is to assess the current regulatory framework for the regulation of organic agriculture for the analysis of existing shortcomings and the degree of its compliance with the real needs of domestic agribusiness. The main method of research was the analysis of the legislative framework at the federal and regional levels, as well as domestic and foreign experience in organizing budget support for organic agricultural producers on its basis. Results. The current regulatory legal acts regulating the production of organic food in Russia and the world are considered. The assessment of measures to support organic agriculture in the context of individual regions of the Russian Federation was carried out. The characteristics of the development features and necessary adjustments of the current regulatory framework of organic production are given. Taking into account foreign practices, proposals are formulated to reduce the costs of organic producers for certification by developing systems of guarantee participation and group certification. In order to more actively develop the organic food market in Russia and, in particular, in the North-West, measures are proposed to make adjustments to the legal regulation of organic farming and animal husbandry, the transition to mass certification of small businesses. This will strengthen the competitive position of domestic organic agricultural producers primarily in the domestic market and strengthen the overall position of the industry even in conditions of increased external restrictions for export supplies. The scientific novelty of the study is to assess the existing institutional opportunities and limitations in the production of organic products at the present stage of development of the agricultural sector.
Opportunities for digital transformation of small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises in modern conditions
Authors: Petrova Larisa Mihaylovna
Published: January 2024

Abstract. The author presented the results of scientific developments of data transformation when performing certain tasks (inventory, sale of grain to the population) by a visiting employee using a mobile application. The purpose of the study is to develop theoretical provisions and practical recommendations to ensure the solution of economic problems of the functioning of small and medium-sized businesses of the agro-industrial complex using a mobile application. Methods. In the course of the study, general scientific methods of theoretical and empirical knowledge were used: analysis and synthesis, monographic, basic array, design-constructive, deduction and induction, economic-statistical and economic-mathematical methods (comparison, summary and grouping, tabular, graphic). Experimental method, practical modeling, including conducting a statement experiment, analysis and generalization of the obtained data. Results. The development of small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises as a socio-economic phenomenon affects many objects and generates certain connections between them, which allows us to consider small and medium-sized businesses from the point of view of systematic analysis. The conceptual interest and capabilities of agricultural producers in a system approach to human resources management with optimization of the main technological process management system will allow achieving an effective result of activities in the innovative environment of the organization. The results of research work can serve as a theoretical and practical basis for the activities of owners, leaders of small and medium-sized businesses in order to improve the process of digitalization of agricultural production; for the activities of state authorities – support for the development of small and medium-sized businesses with the aim of economic growth of the country; for investors – assessment of investment opportunities in the agro-industrial complex. Scientific novelty. A mechanism has been developed to optimize and improve the efficiency of production processes; attracting domestic and foreign investments in the development of industries of the agro-industrial complex. Feeding the country is a great mission, fulfilling it one of the main components of national security and preserving the integrity of the country. The undisputed priority will be interest in an effective, balanced production process, innovative and technical development and digitalization of agriculture.
Innovative developments for agriculture in the regions of the Far Eastern Federal District: cooperation of universities and agricultural producers
Authors: Sordonova Margarita Nikolaevna , Sanzhina O. , Vanchikova Elena , Altaeva Ol'ga Alekseevna
Published: January 2024

Abstract. For many regions of the Far East, the commercialization of scientific developments in agriculture is primarily associated with creating interest in innovative products of medium and small producers, such as Peasant Farms (PF) and Personal Subsidiary Farms (PSF), which constitute the main share of agricultural producers in the Far East. Methods of systematic and abstract analysis, synthesis, which served as a basis for application and identification of cause-and-effect relations in solving the problems of promotion of innovation development in agriculture in the region. The system of innovation promotion for medium and small producers on the example of the Buryat State Agricultural Academy is considered. The scientific novelty lies in the development of a model of involving small and medium agricultural producers in innovation activity by promoting innovation development of universities. In the article, there is a description of the project of the Buryat State Agricultural Academy on promotion and popularization of agro-innovations, which has been adopted for implementation. As a result of this project, structure responsible for commercialization of innovative products, design and prototyping of innovative agricultural products have been created in addition to the traditional research departments of the university. The proposed model is aimed at generating interest in innovations among the main producers of agricultural products in the region – private farms and household farms, which currently shun innovations due to the prevailing opinion about the high cost of production and promotion of innovative products. The article describes the mechanism for the formation of interaction channels for testing innovative agricultural products, informing manufacturers about the results of testing, reducing risks for business and the process of promoting innovative developments of the university through the involvement of small and medium-sized agricultural producers.
Assessment of the state of urban soils based on the content of pollutants
Authors: Vasil'eva T.N. , Galaktionova L.V.
Published: January 2024

Abstract. The purpose of the study is to assess the ecological state of soils within urbanozems in relation to the degree of contamination with heavy metals using the example of the urban aggromeration of Orenburg. Methods. Sampling was carried out at 4 sites in the sanitary protection zone of industrial enterprises in Orenburg. Determination of mobile forms of heavy metals Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn in the samples was carried out by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. In the studied areas, the pollution index or concentration coefficient was taken into account, while taking into account the reference values of heavy metals. Contamination with toxic elements of soils in the reference areas was determined using the PINemerow coefficient. The pollution index of urban areas was calculated as the arithmetic or geometric mean of PINemerow for all reference areas in the city. Statistical processing of the material was carried out using the universal program Statistica 10. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that for the first time data were obtained characterizing the accumulation of heavy metals in the sanitary protection zones of industrial enterprises in the city of Orenburg, and they were ranked according to the pollution index. Results. The analysis of the data obtained made it possible to reveal an increased content of Pb, Zn in all soil layers in the reference plot No. 1. The soils of site No. 2 had an increased content of Cu, Pb, Zn in the soil horizon of 20-30 cm, Pb was also found at a depth of 0-10 cm, which is explained by the passage of a major highway near the enterprise. Soil samples at a depth of 0-10 cm of site No. 3 were contaminated by 4 parameters (Cd, Mn, Pb, Zn) and had an average degree of anthropogenic pollution, which is due to the fact that the surface soils of the sanitary protection zone of the site are located near the enterprise associated with the processing of petroleum products. On the contrary, the studied areas No. 1; 2 and 4 sanitary protection zones of enterprises can be classified as low pollution. On the territory of the sanitary protection zone of site No. 4, an increased accumulation of Mn was found in the surface layers of soils.
Protein nitrogen as an indicator of determining the degree of stress in oats during soil drought
Authors: Eremin Dmitriy , Lyubimova Anna , Ahtyamova Anastasiya A.
Published: January 2024

Abstract. The purpose is to studying the response of oats to soil drought by the degree of change in the content of protein nitrogen in the leaves and identifying the most drought-resistant varieties for the breeding process. Methods. In the experiment, 40 varieties of oats were used, for which soil drought during tillering and flowering was artificially modeled. Determination of protein content in oat leaves was carried out on the twelfth day after the cessation of irrigation, using the Bradford reagent. Results. The reaction of oats to soil drought in the critical phases of ontogeny (tillering and flowering), expressed as a change in the protein content in the vegetative parts, was studied. On average for the collection, the protein content in tillering was 13.6 %, varying from 10.3 to 16.9 %. In flowering, this indicator decreased to 6.6–14.4 %. It was established that soil drought during the tillering period had a minimal impact on the varieties Assol’, Novosibirskiy 5, Ulov, KROSS, Fakel, Sig, Privet, Megion, Barguzin and Argument. The decrease in protein content in these varieties varied from 7.4 to 10.8 %. In the varieties Pesets, Uran, L’govskiy, Bulanyy, Tigrovyy, Ekspress, Dedal, Narymskiy 943, Pokrovskiy 9, Rovesnik and Borets, soil drought during tillering led to a decrease in the protein content in the leaves by 20.4–30.8 %. The varieties Sig, Ulov, KROSS, Chizh, Novosibirskiy 5, Megion and Fakel were the most resistant to drought during flowering. During the analysis of the data obtained, it was revealed that the varieties L’govskiy 82, Privet, Peredovik, Assol’, Ulov, Novosibirskskiy 5, and Sig reacted to a minimum degree to drought during tillering and flowering. Scientific novelty. The response to drought for 40 oat genotypes was established and the relationship between protein content and plant biomass was determined by the beginning of harvesting. The most promising genotypes for breeding drought-resistant oat varieties have been identified.
Kontrol Biosafety Cabinet Menggunakan PLC Outseal
Authors: Utomo Luki , Marfin Marfin , Abidin Jenal
Published: January 2024

Kebutuhan biosafety cabinet (BSC) menjadi hal yang sangat penting bagi setiap pengguna di laboratorium, karena alat ini merupakan aspek penting yang harus dimiliki dan merupakan bagian dari persyaratan keselamatan di laboratorium, terutama di laboratorium yang bekerja dengan jenis sempel patogen dan bahan kimia berbahaya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengontrol komponen-komponen yang ada pada biosafety cabinet menggunakan  PLC outseal sebagai kontroler dan Mikrokontroller Arduino sebagai komunikasi sensor digital ke PLC outseal.   Sensor MPX digunakan untuk mengukur tekanan udara di dalam BSC, relay timmer untuk mengontrol lampu UV, dimmer untuk mengendalikan kecepatan putaran blower. Hasilnya adalah dengan menggunakan alat kontrol biosafety cabinet dapat mengefisiensi penggunaan biosafety cabinet dan memberikan rasa aman karena dioperasikan secara otomatis. Untuk mengetahui hasil pengujian alat didapatkan perbandingan dari error pembacaan, dimana hasil pengujian diperoleh nilai galat pada mode low sebesar 0%, mode middle sebesar 50% dan mode high sebesar 0%, serta mode auto sebesar 0%, dengan demikian berdasarkan data dari alat yang dibuat pada penelitian sangat memungkinkan alat kontrol ini dapat dimplementasikan pada biosafety cabinet.
STUDI AGROINDUSTRI GULA AREN DI DESA TALANG MERBAU KECAMATAN BANDING AGUNG KABUPATEN OKU SELATAN
Authors: Nopendra Yoga , Sidik Muhamad
Published: January 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to find out how the palm sugar business agro-industry system and how much profit palm sugar business in Talang Merbau Village, Banding Agung District, South Oku Regency. The research method used in this study is a descriptive method, which provides a description of the state of the subject or object in the study, which can be in the form of people, institutions, communities and others which are currently based on visible facts or what they are. The sampling method used is the purposive sampling method, which is a technique for determining the research sample with certain considerations aimed at making the data obtained more alternative. Talang Merbau Village, Banding Agung District, South OKU Regency, where the respondents are palm sugar home industries in Talang Merbau Village, Banding Agung District, South OKU Regency. The number of palm sugar processing industries in Talang Merbau Village, Banding Agung District, South OKU Regency is 4 (four) home industries. The results showed that the agro-industry system carried out by palm sugar craftsmen in Merbau Village, Banding Agung District, South OKU Regency consisted of 3 subsystems, including: raw material procurement subsystem, processing subsystem, and marketing subsystem. The profit obtained from the four respondents of palm sugar is Rp. 4.703.170 /month. AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana sistem agroindustri usaha gula aren dan  berapa keuntungan usaha gula aren di Desa Talang Merbau Kecamatan Banding Agung Kabupaten OKU Selatan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif yaitu memberikan gambaran keadaan subjek atau objek dalam penelitian dapat berupa orang, lembaga, masyarakat dan yang lainnya yang pada saat sekarang berdasarkan fakta-fakta yang tampak atau apa adanya. Metode penarikan contoh yang digunakan adalah metode purposive sampling, yaitu teknik untuk menentukan sampel penelitian dengan beberapa pertimbangan tertentu yang bertujuan agar data yang diperoleh nantinya lebih alternative. Desa Talang Merbau Kecamatan Banding Agung Kabupaten OKU Selatan, dimana respondennya adalah industri rumah tangga gula aren yang ada di Desa Talang Merbau Kecamatan Banding Agung Kabupaten OKU Selatan. Jumlah industri pengolahan gula aren di Desa Talang Merbau Kecamatan Banding Agung Kabupaten OKU Selatan sebanyak 4 (empat) industri rumah tangga. Metode pengolahan dan analisis data yang digunakan yaitu editing, coding dan tabulating. Hasil penelitian menjukan Sistem agroindustri yang dilakukan pengrajin gula aren di Desa Merbau Kecamatan Banding Agung Kabupaten OKU Selatan terdiri dari 3 subsistem antara lain : subsistem pengadaan bahan baku, subsistem pengolahan, dan subsistem pemasaran. Keuntungan yang diperoleh dari keempat responden gula aren sebesar Rp. 4.703.170 /bln
KARAKTERISASI BENIH DAN KEKERABATAN KULTIVAR PADI LOKAL PASANG SURUT DI KABUPATEN INDRAGIRI HILIR
Authors: Nursida Nursida , Suliabsyah Irfan , Swasty Etty , Syarif Auzar
Published: January 2024

Similarity analysis was carried out on the characteristics of local type tidal rice grain in Indragiri Hilit Regency in January-October 2015 in Indragiri Hilir Regency. This research aims to inventory, characterize and determine the relationship between each type of local tidal rice grain in Indragiri Hilir Regency. This research uses a qualitative-quantitative description method. The beginning of this research was to explore the types of rice grains in each village and sub-district of Indfagiri Hilir Regency, then they were characterized and analyzed using the agglomerative method by calculating the distance between relatives using hierarchical cluster average linkage (between gropus). The research results show that Indragiri Hilir Regency has 27 local tidal rice cultivars. These cultivars consist of 'Karya Kuning', 'Karanduku', 'Ramos', 'Pulut Putih', 'Pandan Wangi', 'Ordinary', 'Lembu Sawah Merah', 'Karya Merah', 'Pulut Hitam', ' Pariaman', 'Lembu Sawah', 'Karya Tinggi', 'Panama', 'Batang Tuaka', 'Ir Super', 'Batang Piaman', 'Maron', 'Merah Putih', 'Serang', 'Putri Malu', 'Super', 'Opium', 'White', 'Kuatik', 'Frog', 'Lentik Bamban', 'Sere'. Morphological characters that differentiate rice cultivars are grain characteristics (length, width, thickness, weight of 100 seeds, grain surface shape, grain surface color, sterile lemma length, grain tip color, grain tip tail feather color and grain tip tail feather length), character rice (length, width, thickness, ratio of length to width, and color of rice epidermis). Phenetic analysis using the Minitab Release version 17 program divided 27 local tidal rice cultivars into 9 clusters at a similarity level of 56.78%. Which consists of group 1, consisting of Karya Kuning, Karya Merah, Maron, Pulut Putih, Putih, Putri Malu, Merah Putih, Super; Group II consists of Karanduku, Opium and Lembu Sawah Merah; cluster III consists of Ramos, Batang Tuaka, Karya Tinggi, Serang and Pariaman, cluster IV consists of paddy cattle; Group V consists of Kuatik, Serai, Lentik Bamban, Kodok, Group VI consists of Ordinary and Batang Piaman and groups VII, VIII and IX respectively consist of Pandan Wangi, Super and Pulut Hitam.
Penilaian modal sosial Kelompok Tani Hutan (KTH) Sinar Nilam dalam pemanfaatan hutan mangrove
Authors: Harjana Annis Tri , Setiawati Setiawati
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik individu dan modal sosial Kelompok Tani Hutan  Sinar Nilam dalam mendukung pola pemanfaatan produk hutan mangrove di Kelurahan Muara Kembang, Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara. Pengambilan data dengan sensus pada seluruh anggota Kelompok Tani Hutan (KTH) Sinar Nilam. Analisis data yang dilakukan adalah analisis deskriptif kualitatif digunakan untuk menjelaskan karakteristik individu, unsur-unsur modal sosial dan penilaian tingkatan unsur-unsur modal sosial dari petani yang memanfaatkan sumberdaya hutan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa KTH Sinar Nilam memiliki tingkat karakteristik individu sedang dengan jumlah rata-rata skor sebesar 11,38 dan modal sosial pada unsur kepercayaan individu anggota KTH Sinar Nilam kepercayaan KTH Sinar Nilam memiliki tingkat kepercayaan dalam kategori sedang dengan total skor sebesar 15,5, jaringan sosial KTH Sinar Nilam memiliki tingkat jaringan dalam kategori sedang dengan total skor sebesar 13,68.  Kedua unsur ini menunjukan tingkatan tinggi yang lebih banyak yaitu sebesar 46% untuk keduanya. Kelompok Tani Hutan (KTH) Sinar Nilam pada tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat terhadap sistem pemasaran produk hutan termasuk kategori tinggi dengan skor 7,2. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan jika modal sosial yang diukur dengan kepercayaan, jaringan sosial dan norma sosial ditingkatkan, maka dapat meningkatkan pemanfaatan produk hutan mangrove.
Analisis korelasi antara persepsi masyarakat dan indikator sosial kesehatan hutan rakyat (Studi kasus masyarakat Suoh, Lampung Barat)
Authors: Safe'i Rahmat , Winarno Gunardi Djoko , Harianto Sugeng P , Wulandari Christine , Yuwono Slamet Budi , Setiawan Agus
Published: January 2024

Hutan rakyat di Kecamatan Suoh merupakan hutan rakyat yang didominasi oleh jenis tanaman perkebunan seperti kopi, coklat dan tanaman kehutanan. Hutan rakyat mampu memberikan manfaat baik secara ekologi, ekonomi, dan sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis korelasi antara persepsi masyarakat dan indikator sosial kesehatan hutan rakyat, studi kasus masyarakat Suoh, Kabupaten Lampung Barat. Metode yang digunakan yaitu dengan melakukan wawancara menggunakan panduan kuesioner kepada informan kunci dipilih sebanyak 30 orang dengan teknik purposive sampling yaitu pakar ahli dibidangnya tanpa harus memiliki gelar akademik. Kemudian melakukan analisis  korelasi antara persepsi masyarakat dengan indikator sosial kesehatan hutan rakyat menggunakan analisis Rank Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa korelasi antara persepsi masyarakat dengan indikator sosial kesehatan rakyat memiliki hasil yang tidak signifikan. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat dua indikator yaitu pekerjaan dan partisipasi memiliki hasil koefisien korelasi yang searah (+). Dua indikator lainnya yaitu pendidikan dan kelembagaan koefisien korelasinya tidak searah (-). Hal ini dikarenakan indikator sosial kesehatan hutan tidak berhubungan dengan persepsi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan hutan rakyat.
Die Umsetzung positiver Schutzpflichten nach Art. 8 EMRK in privatrechtlichen Arbeitsverhältnissen im Schweizer Recht
Authors: Müller Balthasar
Published: January 2024

Pflichten zur staatlichen Intervention zum Schutze der Menschenrechte haben in der jüngeren Rechtsprechung des EGMR immer verstärkter Einzug ins Arbeitsrecht gefunden. Die Dissertation von Balthasar Müller enthält eine detaillierte Analyse der bestehenden Rechtsprechung des EGMR zum Recht auf Achtung des Privat- und Familienlebens nach Art. 8 EMRK im Arbeitskontext. Der Autor stellt die daraus eruierten Prinzipien und Anforderungen aus der Rechtsprechung des EGMR der aktuellen Rechtslage in der Schweiz gegenüber. Er kommt zum Schluss, dass sowohl Gesetz wie auch Rechtsprechung in gewissen Punkten Anpassungen bedürften und solche in der Zukunft notwendig sein werden.
The Regulatory Landscape of Transnational Corporations
Authors: Schneider Lea Ina
Published: January 2024

This thesis addresses the contemporary issue of regulating transnational corporations with regard to human rights and environmental standards. In recent years, a number of very different regulatory initiatives have emerged in this regulatory area. In the Swiss context, the rejected Responsible Business Initiative is noteworthy. Against this background, this thesis adopts a conceptual as well as theoretical approach: The complex existing regulatory landscape is mapped from the perspective of transnational law in order to develop concrete proposals for future regulatory initiatives.
Sustainable spectrum sharing 5G network antenna design for smart city
Authors: Walia Vishal , Mahmood Md Rashid , Maheshwari Vikas
Published: January 2024

The objective of this research paper is to propose the design of an integrated circuit (IC) combined with an antenna to reduce the footprint on the Printed Circuit Board (PCB). The aim is to enhance its power, space efficiency, and sustainability in order to improve its usefulness, especially in smart city communication. This paper introduces a smart antenna design that enables message transmission and reception through multiple channels while also facilitating wireless spectrum sharing over a 5G network. The effectiveness of a sustainably designed 2 × 2 Planner array antenna is evaluated by measuring the return values (in dB) and Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) values with respect to frequency changes. The operational frequencies of the antenna are 44.3 GHz and 35.2 GHz, achieving a maximum gain of 15.4 dB at 29 GHz. The radiation efficiency is determined to be 85% at the resonance frequencies. In future, it would be beneficial to focus on developing an antenna with similar characteristics while utilising a smaller number of elements.
Enhancing autonomy in social robots through a real-time teleoperation system
Authors: Alhmiedat Tareq
Published: January 2024

The utilization of socially assistive robots (SARs) has shown great potential in various applications. However, there are practical challenges that hinder their widespread adoption. Recent studies have explored the use of teleoperation systems as a solution to overcome these challenges by streamlining data collection and communication with SARs. This paper introduces a cloud-based teleoperation system for robotics that enables real-time control of the robot platform, allowing remote users to view video streams and manipulate the robot system. The proposed teleoperation system was implemented in a cloud environment and tested with two different social robot platforms. The experimental results demonstrate the system's quick response and stable communication performance, meeting the requirements for remote-controlled teleoperation. Consequently, employing the proposed mobile-based teleoperation system in social robot applications enhances operator productivity, expedites operations, and reduces task completion time.
UMKM Creative Exhibition as a Realization of the Potential of the Rising Economic Village Desa Perkebunan Tanjung Kasau
Authors: Manalu Sarah Patumona , Muharani Aruni , Widyawati Elisa , Nurzanna Tasya Nabilla
Published: January 2024

Exhibitions are one of the communication channels for UMKM to meet customers directly, acquire new customers, establish communication and cooperation with business partners, improve their image and obtain information about competitors. Exhibitions are an important medium for UMKM to expand their market and make business contacts with customers and partners, which in turn is expected to improve the financial and non-financial performance of UMKM. The exhibition stand, which was held as part of the Real Work Lecture work program for University of North Sumatra students, is expected to be able to promote natural cassava products from Desa Perkebunan Tanjung Kasau with the brand U.K.K3: Cassava Karya Kita Kita. The aim is to revive the economy, increase buyer interest, sales figures and inseparable from getting profits, by adding product value in promotions.
Utilization of Houseyards with Hydroponic Cultivation in Sampe Raya Village, Bahorok District with Nursery Student Activity, Himadita Nursery
Authors: Sebayang Nur Ulina Warnisyah , Ichsana Khairul , Nasution Faris Naufal Adha
Published: January 2024

Many agricultural lands have switched to non-agricultural functions, especially in urban areas. For this reason, efforts are needed to be able to continue carrying out agricultural business activities on limited land, namely by utilizing yards through hydroponic cultivation. The purpose of this community service activity is to improve the ability of the community in Sampe Raya Village, Bahorok District in developing agriculture through simple vegetable hydroponics by utilizing the yard of the house so as to produce healthy vegetables. It can be identified the problems of partners in Sampe Raya Village, namely the lack of knowledge about simple vegetable cultivation techniques using the hydroponic system, the lack of training and outreach about hydroponics, and the lack of understanding about the use of home yards. The solution offered to partners is counseling and socialization of simple hydroponic techniques in Sampe Raya Village. The results of this activity were that the people who took part in the socialization activities had new knowledge and were able to utilize their own yards with hydroponic cultivation which can be made simply by using styrofoam.
The Importance of Empowering Farmers to Make Compost in an Effort to Improve the Quality of Agriculture Products in Titi Payung
Authors: Br Ginting Dewi Sartika , Saleh Elnada Nadhira , Luftia Rifda , Dahri Imanda Rahmatika , Damanik Samuel Piscesco , Siahaan Fereen Tasya Maharani
Published: January 2024

Titi Payung Village is one of the villages in Air Putih District, Batu Bara District, North Sumatra Province. The Titi Payung area has an area of ​​165 hectares, 100 hectares for residential areas and 59 hectares of productive agricultural land. There are a total of 2,551 people there, divided into 6 hamlets. The large amount of agricultural land in Titi Payung Village has an impact on the many Titi Payung Village people who choose to become farmers as their main livelihood. In 2010, the increase in market demand for local agricultural products reached 60%. For this reason, organic fertilizers are needed, especially compost which is more environmentally friendly and can improve the quality of agricultural products. The implementation method used is lectures and demonstrations by inviting farmers to practice directly. The result of the implementation of the activity is an increase in farmer's knowledge regarding the manufacture of good and correct compost. It can be concluded that real work lecture activities can increase the knowledge of farmers in Titi Payung Village regarding the importance of using compost to improve agricultural quality.
Clean Water Media Eel Enlargement and Breeding Training as an Effort to Increase the Entrepreneurial Capacity of the Paya Geli Village Community
Authors: Fatoni R B Moh Ibrahim , Pane Tasya Chairuna , Raju  , Fadhilah Amanatul , Hafnes Wahyuni
Published: January 2024

Paya Geli Village is a village located in Sunggal District, North Sumatra Province and has good geographical conditions for the development of the agricultural sector, especially freshwater fish. The availability of abundant and easily available clean water has become a strength in the development of the freshwater fish industry in this village. The process of eel cultivation which does not require a lot of equipment and care as well as a large area of ​​land is the main attraction in terms of its development potential. Paya Geli village community. The people of Paya Geli Village only use a conventional cultivation system where the eels are simply left in a mud bath and fed with leftover food. The use of the conventional system will not only have a small impact on productivity but will also encourage a bad and dirty paradigm for the eel consumer society. The solution to this problem is the use of eel cultivation methods with clean water media and partial harvests which will not only increase productivity but also make it easier to control and harvest according to the specifications desired by the market. It is hoped that this service activity will not only increase the productivity of eel cultivation but also become a new source of driving the economy of the Paya Geli Village community and expand employment opportunities through eel farming entrepreneurial activities.
Growing Entrepreneurial Spirit through the Practice of Making Pastries in Polonia Village, Medan Polonia District
Authors: Safrin Feby Aulia , Mardhiyah Ainun , Nasution Beti
Published: January 2024

Indonesia as a developing country faces various problems that are usually faced by other developing countries, such as low income per capita of the population, high number of job seekers, limited job opportunities and economic and social conditions that are still lagging behind when compared to developed countries. Women have contributed to increasing the number of entrepreneurs. and advance this nation. Empowerment of women carried out in social development should be an empowerment that encourages women's awareness of their potential and abilities. The increasingly difficult economic development requires the participation of women or housewives to help support the household economy. Not only taking care of household domestic needs but women must increase their participation. Entrepreneurship is an option that housewives can do without leaving their role. The objectives of this community service activity are: (1) To provide a deeper understanding of the importance of entrepreneurship, especially for housewives in Polonia, Kec. Medan Polonia, (2) To see how much interest the housewives in Polonia Kec. Medan Polonia for entrepreneurship, (3) To provide insight on how to see business opportunities for housewives in Polonia, Kec. Polonia Field.
Training in Making Dimsum Made from Jerbung Shrimp as an Effort to Utilize Fishery Potential in Teminabuan District, South Sorong Regency
Authors: Lestari Uun , Dara Anna , Shyiang Sri Putri Meira , Ramadani Soraya , Jasmani
Published: January 2024

The Community service activities that have been carried out are generally based on seeing the potential of fisheries in South Sorong in particular, in Teminabuan District which is quite high. In addition, due to the low level of fishery-based processing, mothers who do not have the knowledge, skills and motivation are the target participants so that they can have a busy life and earn additional income. This service aims to provide training so that they can utilize the potential of fisheries with the method of processing intact raw materials into products that can be sold by utilizing science and technology, so that in the end mothers can help their families. The method used in this service activity is Participatory Learning And Action (PLA), which is a learning technique that emphasizes the learning process together because the learning mechanism is accompanied by the direct application of the dimsum processing process. Through this shrimp processing activity, mothers are able to provide healthy and nutritious intake to the family as well as the first step to bring up ideas and interest in entrepreneurship.
Early Childhood Economic Education Model to Suppress Consumerism
Authors: Sari Inggrita Gusti , Anggia Yola , Andrasari Monika , Rahman Arif
Published: January 2024

The International Community Service held in the Kuala Lumpur Indonesian School aims to increase students' understanding of Financial Literacy. Departing from the phenomenon of the lack of outreach to early childhood and elementary school students regarding the importance of saving and the high level of consumerism in today's society, educators (lecturers) and students from the University of North Sumatra through presentations, discussions, and simulation on how to use a savings book tries to introduce how the concept of Financial Literacy in a simple way, how to distinguish wants or needs and how to manage finances to students who are in the Indonesian School of Kuala Lumpur. This project aims to support students' knowledge about it. The urgency to introduce the concept of financial literacy education to children, especially preschool and elementary students, will make children accustomed to managing finances properly and correctly in the future. Implementing this program is expected to increase students' knowledge of financial literacy, increase their enthusiasm to be more sensitive to economic conditions, and encourage them to get used to a culture of saving to avoid excessive consumerism in the future.
Strategy and Online Business Development as Effort to Increase Productivity and Income
Authors: Manik Fuzy Yustika , Br Ginting Dewi Sartika , Yuliaty Tetyy
Published: January 2024

Rambung Barat Village has several Village Community Institutions, one of which is the Family Welfare Development (PKK) group. In carrying out its work program, PKK administrators are faced with obstacles on how to make the community able to make their families prosperous by improving the family's economy. Having a large number of households becomes a new threat and problem for the village. How the Lurah and PKK administrators are able to encourage every household to become a prosperous family. Through PKK, women have been invited to be able to produce and process products that are of sale value. So this PKK group has the potential to be able to help the family economy during this pandemic by starting and developing businesses. However, there are still obstacles, the pandemic has forced people in general to change from their old habits. The people's purchasing power has decreased as well as the government's recommendation to maintain physical distancing and stay at home. So we need a solution to still be able to market the products that have been produced by utilizing technology. Currently, every individual must be prepared to face a cultural shift where every fulfillment of needs must go hand in hand with technological developments. So it will be important for the PKK group to increase knowledge about the use of technology in developing businesses such as knowledge in building online stores as one of the sales strategies carried out. With this service activity, the PKK group has additional knowledge that can be used to develop its business. So that in the end it can help the family economy in particular and improve the economy of a country that is still hit by the COVID-19 pandemic
Community Empowerment about Components for Destination Development in Tipang Tourism Village, Baktiraja District, Humbang Hasundutan Regency
Authors: Sibarani Robert , Davin Gumuruh Marpaung  , Christian Basardo Simanjuntak  , Bintang Terang Putra Utara Purba  , Muhammad Mirza Ramadhan  , Timothy Novritrianta Ibrena  , Cosmas Mitchel Pandapotan Siallangan  , Prima Nopraka Tarigan  , Elizabeth Bintang Paulaean  , Ariani Safitri  , Atikah Ab Zubaidi  , Florence Hermin Puspita Sari Waruwu  , Riska Berlian  , Kristina Sihotang  , Amanda Dwi Cahya  , Caroline Feryna Br Manik  , Hanifah Nasution  , Lisa Meylisa Damanik
Published: January 2024

The Community Service Program (KKN) is a form of education in the form of community service. In this service students are given learning experience to live in the midst of a community outside the campus and directly identify and deal with development problems they face. Community Empowerment Learning Thematic Real Work Lecture Program (KKNT-PPM), which is a learning process basically focuses on problems that exist in society. Tipang Village is one of the villages in Baktiraja District, Humbang Hasundutan Regency, North Sumatra Province. This village is one of the villages included in the "50 Indonesian Tourism Award Villages" in 2021. Tipang is one of the villages that has high tourism potential, both in terms of Natural Resources (SDA) and Human Resources (HR) so that it delivers This village is one of the tourist villages. Students who are placed in Tipang Village, Baktiraja District, Humbang Hasundutan Regency have the aim of developing programs for accessibility, ansilari (community empowerment), amenities, cultural attractions, sciences and technology (Technology), and agriculture. This aims to support and develop human resources and tourism aspects in Tipang Village, Baktiraja District, Humbang Hasundutan Regency.
Village Political Education in Increasing the Political Literacy of the People of Deli Serdang Regency
Authors: Bahri Saipul , Kusmanto Heri , Subhilhar
Published: January 2024

Political education is a form of effort to increase quality political participation which can be seen from the public's understanding of the importance of elections and democracy to society and is also a forum for the actualization of the Tri Dharma of Higher Education, amidst pragmatic political uncertainty which only involves the public at times of political momentum, which often increases. Money politics is caused by a lack of public literacy regarding political conditions and information. Political education is part of the effort to increase the knowledge of the Tuntungan II Village community which includes the Village Youth Organization, business actors and the community amidst increasingly advanced democratic flows. In this service plan, the team will implement service in Tuntungan II Village, Pancur Batu District, Deli Serdang Regency The sub-district is the locus, because Tuntungan II Village is one of the villages that is the foundation of Medan City. The problems experienced by the community in Tuntungan II Village in the context of political literacy cannot be separated from several factors that cause stagnation of community knowledge about politics and democracy, resulting in 2019 political participation in Tuntungan II Village becoming one of the lowest percentages of political participation in Pancur District. Batu, this is due to a lack of knowledge in choosing leaders or people's representatives in democratic parties, limited networks to understand the importance of elections, and it cannot be denied that the low quality of government administration cannot be separated from the role of community political participation in Tuntungan II Village. This dedication to political education is one of the efforts that will be carried out to increase public knowledge about the importance of politics, the intelligence of voters in choosing which will lead to improving the quality of democracy in North Sumatra. The method that will be used to achieve this goal is community education through interactive discussions, training for the community which will be carried out on an ongoing basis in all villages/sub-districts throughout Deli Serdang Regency which will be implemented in stages and continuously.
ФІНАНСОВА БЕЗПЕКА ЯК СКЛАДОВА ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ ТА КОРПОРАТИВНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ: ТЕОРЕТИЧНИЙ АСПЕКТ
Authors: Пасінович Ірина , Гутак Василь
Published: January 2024

Стаття присвячена критичному аналізу підходів до трактування поняття фінансової безпеки на рівні підприємства. Акцентовано, що для підприємства, яке перебуває в стані безпеки, характерний розвиток і розширення діяльності. Підкреслено, що не коректно проектувати складові фінансової безпеки держави на макрорівень. Зазначено, що з розвитком корпоративного сектору і корпоративного управління в останні роки набуває поширення термін «корпоративна безпека»і окремі дослідники фінансову безпеку визначають також і її складовою. Зроблено висновок, що не доцільно ототожнювати фінансову безпеку з стійким фінансовим станом. На підставі аналізу трактувань таких взаємопов’язаних видів безпеки, як економічна, фінансова, фінансово-економічна та корпоративна дано авторське визначення фінансової безпеки підприємства, яке акцентує на фінансових аспектах, не переобтяжене термінами, які потребують додаткової конкретизації і містить управлінський аспект, враховуючи, що фінансову безпеку відносять до складових корпоративної безпеки