bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
S v P – The Abuse of Protection Orders to "Gag" Victims of Rape
Authors: Swemmer Sheena
Published: June 2023

In recent years there has been the emergence of global and local anti-gender-based violence movements such as #MeToo and, in South Africa, #menaretrash, which has precipitated an increase in the disclosure of the names of the alleged perpetrators of sexual violence by the survivors. The increase in the disclosure of these names has been met with the intensification of legal processes by alleged perpetrators to counter and silence survivors.
This case note will focus on the recent appeal case of S v P 2022 2 SACR 81 (WCC) in the High Court of South Africa, Western Cape Division, in Cape Town. In this case the court had to consider whether the court a quo was correct in issuing a final protection order (in terms of the Protection from Harassment Act 17 of 2011) against the appellant (S) where the court a quo found that her act of harassment was a third party's public disclosure of the respondent (P) as her rapist.
It will be argued that the Western Cape High Court was correct in finding that the court a quo should not have issued a final protection order against S. It will be further argued that the reasons to overturn this decision included the court a quo's failure to appreciate the gendered purpose of the Protection from Harassment Act and that P misused and abused the Act in order to silence S. It will then be argued that one of the reasons why survivors choose to disclose alleged perpetrators' names on social platforms is a societal contextual reason, which includes the high rates of gender-based violence in South Africa alongside the high rates of attrition in gender-based violence cases in the criminal justice system.
Finally, I will consider the cases of Mdlekeza v Gallie 2021 (WCHC) (unreported) case number 15490/2020 of 20 April 2021 and Booysen v Major (WCHC) (unreported) case number 5043/2021 of 30 August 2012 and argue that these cases are further examples of this abuse of process employed to silence survivors. With the courts seeing an increase in these applications to silence victims, it is argued that the courts must adopt a feminist-contextualised approach in order to avoid gagging survivors of gender-based violence and being complicit in the increasing weaponisation of court processes by alleged perpetrators.
Synthesis of technological machines. Calculation and design
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Podgornyj Yuriy I. , Martynova Tatyana G. ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Skeeba Vadim Yu. ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

The issues of synthesis, analysis, dynamics and strength calculations of the technological machine mechanisms are considered in the monograph. A significant attention in the work is paid to the general approach to the synthesis of mechanisms of various classes, taking into account the technological load. The monograph may be of interest to a wide range of specialists involved in the development of technological equipment, and may also be useful for students and graduate students of technical universities, as well as for design engineers of machine-building enterprises. This research was funded by Russian Science Foundation project N 23-29-00945, https://rscf.ru/en/project/23-29-00945/.
Film microwave attenuators of high power level
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Razinkin Vladimir P. , Khrustalyov Vladimir A. ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

Modern and promising methods of constructing microwave attenuators and high-power loads made on planar film resistors are considered in the book. The fundamentals of the theory of construction of powerful multistage and multichannel microwave attenuators are described. It is shown that with a uniform distribution of the dissipated power across all attenuator cascades, a significant expansion of the operating frequency band is provided. Much attention is paid to microwave attenuators implemented in the form of low-pass filters with dissipative losses and non-reflective filters with ballast resistors. The proposed methods for calculating broadband microwave attenuators are based on the use of computer CAD systems that support numerical electromagnetic modeling. Examples of the constructive implementation of broadband microwave attenuators at a power level from 100 watts to 2000 watts are given. The results obtained are useful and applicable in the development of measuring equipment for radio transmitting equipment used in digital television broadcasting, communications, radio channels of telecommunication systems and radiolocation.
Optimization of Fuzzy Social Force Model Adaptive Parameter using Genetic Algorithm for Mobile Robot Navigation Control
Authors: Ramadhan Alif Wicaksana , Bayu Dewantara Bima Sena , Setiawardhana Setiawardhana
Published: June 2023

The Social Force Model (SFM) is a popular navigation technique for mobile robots that is primarily used to simulate pedestrian movement. The SFM method's drawback is that several parameter values, such as gain, k, and impact range, σ, must be determined manually. The reaction of the SFM is frequently inappropriate for certain environmental circumstances as a result of this manual determination. In this paper, we propose employing the Fuzzy Inference System (FIS), whose rules are optimized using a Genetic Algorithm (GA) to manage the value of the gain, k, parameter adaptive. The relative distance, d, and relative angle, α, concerning the robot's obstacle are the inputs for the FIS. The test results using a 3-D realistic CoppeliaSim demonstrated that the learning outcomes of FIS rules could provide adaptive parameter values suitable for each environmental circumstance, allowing the robot to travel smoothly is represented using the robot’s heading deviation which decreasing by and reaching the goal 1.6 sec faster from the starting point to the goal, compared to the SFM with the fixed parameter value. So that the proposed method is more effective and promising when deploying on the real robot implementation.
Water Quality Level for Shrimp Pond at Probolinggo Area Based on Fuzzy Classification System
Authors: Amaliah Fithrotul Irda , Gunawan Agus Indra , Taufiqurrahman Taufiqurrahman , Bayu Dewantara Bima Sena , Saputra Ferry Astika
Published: June 2023

Since several years ago, vaname shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) has been extensively cultivated in Indonesia because it has good business opportunities. In aquaculture activities, water quality is an important factor that dramatically impacts the survival and quality of shrimp in the pond. Therefore, information of water quality must be known by the farmer for obtaining a satisfactory harvest. This study aims to develop a water quality monitoring system based on information of temperature, pH, salinity, and dissolved oxygen. The data from sensors are sent to the cloud utilizing Internet of Things (IoT) technology and then classified by a fuzzy logic system. In order to help farmers easily know the water quality of their shrimp pond, four sensor data including the result of classification from fuzzy logic are sent to the phone. After a trial of the system, 100% of the data are successfully sent to the cloud (google spreadsheet). The system also successfully classified the level of water quality as the expectation of the farmer. With this system, it is hoped that it can assist farmers in monitoring the water quality of shrimp pond to improve the quality and quantity of shrimp.
IMPACTO DA VACINAÇÃO CONTRA COVID-19 SOBRE A INTERNAÇÃO E DE MORTALIDADE EM IDOSOS EM ALAGOAS
Authors: Morais Celestino Amaral Gabriela , Lessa Simone Schwartz
Published: June 2023

A vacina contra o novo coronavírus é uma alternativa para reduzir os indicadores de mobimortalidade e de hospitalização, concentradas, em especial, nos pacientes da faixa etária acima dos 60 anos. O objetivo do trabalho é analisar o impacto da vacinação contra o SARS-CoV-2 na taxa de internação e de mortalidade de pacientes idosos no período de 2021-2022 no estado de Alagoas, Brasil. O estudo é de caráter quantitativo, observacional, transversal e retrospectivo. Estatisticamente, foram realizadas análises descritivas. As variáveis utilizadas foram: casos, óbitos, hospitalizações e vacinação de pacientes com 60 anos ou mais. Os dados utilizados são de caráter público e obtidos em repositórios governamentais. Alagoas acumula, 30.071 casos confirmados e 4.628 óbitos entre idosos por COVID-19. Quanto à vacinação, o estado aplicou 5.927.331 doses, sendo os idosos responsáveis por 33,84% com três doses ou mais. É possível observar uma redução na taxa de novos casos confirmados, internação e óbitos por COVID-19 quando correlacionada à imunização. Observa-se que Alagoas reduziu a incidência de novos casos, hospitalização e óbitos por COVID-19 à medida que avançou a campanha de vacinação. Os achados sugerem uma contribuição da imunização no curso da doença, em especial, no controle de casos graves e de mortalidade.
Kök kesimi ve tepe budamasının keçiboynuzu (Ceratonia siliqua) fidanlarının bazı morfolojik özelliklerine ve dikim başarısına etkisi
Authors: TAŞDEMİR Dr. Celal , KELEŞ Hakan
Published: June 2023

Keçiboynuzu ile yapılacak başarılı ağaçlandırmalar için uygun fidan tipinin belirlenmesine yönelik yapılan bu çalışmada, fidanlık koşullarında çıplak köklü fidanlarda alttan kök kesimi ile tepe budaması ve tüplü fidanlarda ise sadece tepe budamasının, 1+0 yaşlı fidanların bazı morfolojik özellikleri ile arazideki yaşamı ve gelişimi üzerine etkisi ortaya konulmuştur. Fidanlıkta yetiştirilen çıplak köklü fidanlarda tek kök kesimi (temmuz sonu) ve iki defa kök kesimi (temmuz sonu- eylülün 2. haftası) uygulanmıştır. Ayrıca hem çıplak hem de tüplü fidanların tepeleri, toprak seviyesinden itibaren ortalama fidan boyunun yaklaşık 1/2 ve 2/3’ünden kasım ayının ortasında budanmıştır. Fidanlıkta 3 yinelemeli olarak üretilen fidanlar, şubat ayının sonunda Osmaniye ili Sumbas ilçesi Akdam yöresinde 4 yinelemeli olarak 2 x 2 m aralıklar ile dikilmiştir. Fidanlıkta çıplak köklü fidan üretiminde “rastlantı bloklarında bölünmüş parsel ve tüplü fidan üretiminde rastlantı parselleri deneme deseni kullanırken arazide rastlantı blokları deneme deseni kullanılmıştır. Hem çıplak köklü hem de tüplü fidanlarda uygulanan işlemler, genel olarak fidan morfolojik özellikleri üzerinde istatistiksel olarak etkili çıkmıştır. Buna rağmen, arazide 3. büyüme sezonun sonunda fidan tipi hariç diğer işlemlerin etkisi düşük olmuştur. Çıplak köklü fidanlara göre tüplü fidanlar, daha fazla yaşama oranına, boy ve çap gelişimine sahip olmuştur.
Analysis of the Efficiency of the Simulation Model of Cloud Computing in Case of Multiple Server Failures
Authors:   Institute for Information Transmission Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Kharkevich Institute), Moscow, 127051, Russian Federation, Gostev I. M. , Golosov P. E. ,   Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the Russian President (RANEPA), Moscow, 119571, Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

Currently, the use of distributed (cloud) resources is becoming more and more widespread. Despite the high reliability of equipment used in call centers, failures do occur. And if long-term storage systems have high reliability due to multiple duplication, then the failure of the server on which the task is performed in specialized computing systems (SCS) can correspond to the failure of the entire system. In order to eliminate it, a simulation model of a specialized computing system built in the Simulink (SimEvent) environment, classified in the queuing theory as G/G/n/, is investigated. It is characterized by many input streams with an infinite queue, has two feedbacks, reflecting reprocessing situations in case of a server failure or no solution at the first service attempt. The system architecture is focused on the parallel execution of a certain class of tasks, divided into data-independent sub-tasks. The main criterion for the functioning of such a system is the completion of all received tasks in a time not exceeding the deadline for their implementation. The purpose of the work, the results of which are presented in the article, is to study the reliability of the functioning of such a system for various values of the probability of server failure. Since the performance and efficiency of such a system has already been studied in previous works, the main direction of research will be focused on the impact of server failures on overall productivity and efficiency under various laws of input flows.
The Perception of Older Adults Regarding Socio-Political Issues Disseminated on Social Networks
Authors: Sánchez-Valle María
Published: June 2023

Research on the relationship between seniors and social networks has focused mainly on the difficulties experienced by this group in accessing the internet. However, it has not examined other aspects such as participation by older adults in socio-political discourse. Although articles have been written on specific topics related to this issue, such studies are not enough. This research aims to analyse the perception of people over 60 years of age regarding the use of social networks as a channel for staying informed and participating in socio-political discourse that takes place on social media. To achieve this objective, four focus groups were conducted in July of 2022. In assessing the results, the transcripts were examined using qualitative-inductive content analysis and reinforced with topic analysis to identify shared perceptions. The co-occurrence evaluation reveals a strong relationship between negative perceptions and concepts such as tension and fake news. Positive perceptions are associated with the ease of interaction with other users and the potential for obtaining information. Differences have also been observed among social networks such as Facebook and WhatsApp, which appear to be the networks of choice for sharing information and opinions on socio-political issues.
LOGÍSTICA DE FRIOS: UMA ANÁLISE DOS FATORES QUE INFLUENCIAM A PERDA DE ALIMENTOS
Authors: Pereira Pedrosa João Victor , Fajone Silva Duarte Gustavo , Colares-Santos Lechan , Yuho Endo Gustavo
Published: June 2023

O presente artigo teve como objetivo analisar as perdas de alimentos decorrentes do processo de transporte. Para tanto, colheu-se dados junto aos gestores um Crossdock, além dos motoristas responsáveis pelo transbordo no centro de distribuição. Para a análise dos dados, foi empregada a técnica de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados demonstram que há a premência de cuidados importantes no manuseio e distribuição, que impactam na manutenção de qualidade, mitigando situações que resultem danificações, contaminações e avarias. A temperatura foi observada como importante causador de perdas em relação aos produtos congelados e resfriados. Além disto, o manuseio também foi identificado como um processo importante vinculado ao armazenamento, carga e descarga dos caminhões, sendo observada como uma etapa relevante, avaliada e controlada, para manter a segurança do produto. Quando são identificados produtos danificados, atua-se com a logística reversa: a mercadoria trafega um longo percurso até os atacados, supermercados e varejos e são devolvidas, precisando percorrer todo o trajeto até os centros de distribuição, para passar por uma análise. Essas perdas podem ser mitigadas com a adoção de treinamentos que capacite os colaboradores nos processos adequados de manuseio de material.
Palavras-chaves: Alimentos, transporte, desperdício, distribuição, avarias.
Evidence of Content Learning Through Animations Developed Based on the Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning
Authors: Rosalis Rodrigo , De Oliveira Samuel Rocha
Published: June 2023

Background: Considering cognitive limitations is essential for learning, as it provides subsidies for developing methodologies that successfully facilitate and help the learning process. Objective: We start our research by asking: “Does a video lesson containing an animation developed based on the cognitive theory of multimedia learning promote positive effects on student learning in terms of content retention and transfer?” seeking to answer it based on data analysis. Design: Four animations containing the narration of two different contents were produced, two with and two without cognitive overload. The research team employed forms with questions about the animations to analyse the retention and transfer of the critical content to be learned in the animations. Setting and Participants: Undergraduate students were divided into two groups to watch the animations and answer the research questions. Data collection: After analysing the participants’ answers, we calculated the effect size (Cohen’s d). Results: The tests of retention and transfer of content were compared with the values obtained in the calculus of the effect size between the participating groups. Conclusions: The animations that followed the cognitive theory positively contributed to learning, collaborating with the thesis that one should seek to understand and regard cognitive processing.
Inquiry-Based Science Teaching and the Development of Teaching Knowledge in Amazonia
Authors: Albuquerque Kleberson Almeida de , Costa Danielle Rodrigues Monteiro da
Published: June 2023

Background: In the face of investigations on how Amazonia is presented in textbooks (TBs), it is clear that there is a limitation in approaching this topic, as it is loaded with stereotypes disregarding socio-environmental issues. Objectives: To understand how teaching knowledge is mobilised by teachers from a formative activity centred on investigative teaching sequences in the Amazonian context. Design: With this in mind, we started with an action research. Setting and Participants: It took place in a municipal school in Ananindeu/PA, with the participation of all teachers who worked in the initial years of elementary school of this institution, a total of five teachers, aged between 28 and 49 years. They are the only members of the teaching staff serving the eight classes at the school, in the morning and afternoon shifts, all with a background in pedagogy and at least one specialisation. Data collection and analysis: We used semi-structured collective interviews, recorded in audio and video, which were later transcribed and analysed through content analysis, carried out in three stages: 1 - Pre-analysis, 2 - Exploration of the material and 3 – Treatment of results and interpretation, based on the theoretical framework adopted in the investigation Results: We understand the mobilisation of teaching knowledge in the construction of Investigative Teaching Sequences (ITSs) aimed at the Amazon context, as a viable alternative, since textbooks disregard the reality of Amazonia, making it invisible throughout its entirety complexity. Conclusions: In this sense, the proposition of inquiry-based science teaching through ITSs focused on the Amazonian context favours overcoming this regional neglect. Therefore, teachers and students can start with an investigative process that takes into account relevant and significant themes for both.
Molecular-genetic basis of Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome
Authors: Ismagilova O. R. , Beskorovaynaya T. S. , Adyan T. A. , Polyakov A. V.
Published: June 2023

Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome is a multisystem pathology characterized by mental retardation and delayed physical development in combination with a set of phenotypic features, which make up a recognizable pattern of the disease. This review of the literature highlights the molecular‑genetic basis and the presumed pathogenesis of the Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome, considers questions of geno‑phenotypic correlations and differential diagnosis in the group of pathologies called chromatinopathies.
PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF LOW QRS VOLTAGE ON THE ADMISSION ELECTROCARDIOGRAM IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES
Authors: Mawlood Swara , Ahmed Farman , Al-Hamdi Amar , Arif Mohammad
Published: June 2023

Background 

Myocardial infarction is one of the most common causes of mortality in middle and older age groups, especially in ventricular arrhythmia. Patients will be identified as having low QRS Voltage when peak-to-peak QRS complex voltage is less than 0.5 mV in all limb leads and less than 1.0 mV in all precordial leads.

Objectives 

To find the correlation between low QRS voltage in the hospital and one-month outcome of patients presenting with the acute coronary syndrome.

Patients and Methods

A prospective longitudinal study was performed on 400 patients admitted with the confirmed acute coronary syndrome and underwent percutaneous coronary intervention.

Results

The mean age was 61. ± 11.8years ranged from 22 to 90 years. Male was 67.8%, and 32.3% were female. The percentage of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and previous myocardial infarction were 66.3%, 32.8% and 12.3%, respectively. Low QRS voltage was found in 17 patients (4.3%). Most of our patients (43.5%) had an anterior myocardial infarction, of which the culprit lesion was the Left Anterior Descending artery. An ejection fraction of more than 50% on echocardiography was found in 68.3% of them; additionally, 84.7% had a Killip Class of one. Therefore, in-hospital death was 4.8%. Furthermore, the total death from admission to a month post-myocardial infarction was 9%. Fourteen patients had re-admission within that period for cardiac events. 

Conclusion

Low QRS in presenting electrocardiogram patients with the acute coronary syndrome will be significantly associated with hospital and one-month morbidity and mortality.
Ukrainian Paremia in the Ethnographic Works of Stepan Nos
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Danylevych Alisa
Published: June 2023

The article, based on the study of the updated works of S. D. Nos and archival documents, analyzes the scientific work of the scientist in the field of ethnography and folkloristics on the example of the study and use in his works of Ukrainian folk proverbs, which are systematized according to genre: proverbs and sayings, beliefs and omens, riddles, fairy tales. It is noted that proverbs and sayings, which the scientist used when preparing his scientific works, were the most used in the work of the ethnographer. It is emphasized that numerous proverbs and sayings are used in works on traditional calendar and family rites, ethnology, ethnomedicine, national cuisine, in particular in his works such as «About diseases and how to prevent them», «To the ploughman», «In every nation own nature» etc. It has been established that the largest number of proverbs, sayings, parables, superstitions and fairy tales are available in the handwritten researches of S. D. Nos, which are stored in archival institutions and library departments, as well as on the pages of the journal «Osnova» and «Chernihiv provincial gazettes». Prose and poetic paremies, which reflect the everyday life and traditions of the Ukrainian people, song creativity, ritual art, which testify to the ethnographer’s deep knowledge of Ukrainian society, its history and culture, are considered.
From the Cohort of Organizers of the Ethnographic and Local History Movement: Academician Andrii Loboda
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Goncharov Oleksandr
Published: June 2023

The article highlights the scientific and organizational activities of an outstanding scientist, an academician of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences (UAS) (since 1921, the All-Ukrainian Academy of Sciences (UAS), a corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, a professor at Kyiv University, an organizer of the national science, folk and local studies movement, a specialist in the fields of ethnography, folkloristics, local history and literature of Andrii Myrofanovych Loboda (1871–1931). Some program works of A. Loboda are analyzed, attention is focused on the scientist’s interpretation of the subject of local history, substantiation of its role in the development of various branches of science, the place of the folklore-ethnographic component in local history, and the formulation of tasks faced by ethnologists of the republic. A. Loboda’s significant contribution to the formation of an organized local history movement in the 20s of the XX century is emphasized: insisting on the need to accelerate the development of the local history movement in Ukraine, leading the activities of the Local History Commission (Kyiv Local History Commission) and the Ethnographic Commission of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, which became one of the most important folklore and ethnographic centers of Ukraine and played an important role in the development of Ukrainian ethnology. Emphasis is placed on the official publications of the commissions. In addition to highlighting the great scientific organizational, editorial and pedagogical work carried out by A. Loboda at the beginning and in the 20s of the 20th century, the directions of his scientific research during this period are also outlined: new phenomena in folklore and folk life, continuation of research with history of national folkloristics and ethnography, close monitoring of folklore and ethnographic processes not only in Ukraine, but also in other republics of the USSR, prompt response to important publications in the field of folklore and ethnography. The author of the article provides suggestions on the possible use of certain aspects of the experience of those years in modern conditions.
Children at Soviet Mass Celebrations in the 1920s in Ukrainian SSR (on the Example of «October» Anniversaries)
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Masnenko Nazarii
Published: June 2023

After coming to power, thanks to the October Revolution in 1917, the Bolsheviks began to implement their own policy, trying to bring all areas of life under their own control, in particular, after the establishment of Soviet power in Ukraine and the formation of the Ukrainian SSR. And a fairly significant share in this process was occupied by festive culture, the development and implementation of which the Bolsheviks began immediately after coming to power. In particular, one of the first reforms carried out by the Bolsheviks was the calendar reform in 1918, during which the transition to the Gregorian calendar was made. And with the transition to the new calendar, the Bolsheviks began to actively introduce their own holiday culture, which was aimed at supplanting and replacing the holiday culture of the period of the Russian Empire. This made it possible to fully control the sphere of festive culture, using it for one’s own purposes. Thus, festive culture was used as one of the tools of influence on the population, during which they tried to inculcate ideological and cultural standards, solutions to political or economic problems. A particularly significant role was given to public holidays, which were days off and the celebration of which was carried out in a fairly unified, centralized manner throughout the territory of the USSR and the Ukrainian SSR in particular. Among such holidays, the most important place was the commemoration of the “October” anniversaries, which symbolized and was positioned as the beginning of the Soviet state. The Bolsheviks played a particularly significant role in the preparation and holding of «October» for children, which for them had a peculiar educational role in terms of inculcating Soviet norms, stereotypes, worldview, values, and models of behavior. After all, the Bolsheviks needed support for the future of their power, and therefore they actively prepared the young generation for this role, who did not know the past and their ideas about it were formed only from Bolshevik myths and worldviews, which were actively planted with the help of festive culture. The article examines the role and importance of children, which was attributed to them by the Bolsheviks in the celebration of the «October» anniversaries in the 1920s; the forms of involvement in the holiday and the ideological content that they tried to impress and instill in children during the celebration are highlighted.
Effectiveness of modified arthroscopic treatment of patients with epicondylitis of the humerus
Authors:   Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Midaev A. I. , Salihov M.R. ,   Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Fomin N.F. ,   Kirov Military Medical Academy, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

Background One of the most common reasons of patients’ visits with complaints in the area of the elbow joint is epicondylitis of the elbow joint. Surgical treatment is recommended if conservative treatment fails after 6-12 months. Arthroscopy of the elbow joint is one of the current surgical methods of minimally invasive interventions on the elbow joint. Purpose To conduct a comparative assessment of the effectiveness of treating epicondylitis of the elbow joint using modified arthroscopic and open techniques Methods A prospective cohort-controlled study was performed on 120 patients. The patients were divided into two groups: group 1 – patients operated on by the open method (control), group 2 – patients operated on by the arthroscopic method. Additionally, depending on the nosology, the patients were divided into four subgroups. Functional results were assessed using VAS, DASH, MEPS; additionally, dynamometry was performed before surgery, and 1, 3 and 12 months after surgery. Results There is a significant improvement in the function of the elbow joint one month after surgical treatment, mainly in III and IV subgroups according to the MEPS scale, p = 0.0001. According to the VAS scale, a pronounced and persistent decrease in pain in the long-term period compared with the preoperative period was revealed in patients of the arthroscopic subgroup p = 0.0001. According to the DASH questionnaire, the functional results in patients of arthroscopic group in the postoperative period significantly exceeded over the open method p < 0.001. Discussion The use of the open surgical method provides good or excellent functional outcomes of treatment in 75-85 %. However, it has a number of disadvantages, including infectious complications and the inability of the surgeon to identify and completely remove the pathological altered tissues. The arthroscopic technique allows leveling these shortcomings and obtaining up to 95‑100 % excellent functional results. Conclusion Based on the data obtained in this study, the reatment of patients with epicondylitis of the distal humerus according to the developed arthroscopic technique significantly improves the functional state of patients, which, in turn, improves their quality of life.
The role of mast cells in the progression of Dupuytren's contracture
Authors:   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation, Shchudlo N.А. , Stupina T.A. ,   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation, Varsegova T.N. ,   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation, Ostanina D.A. ,   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

Introduction World literature data indicate the involvement of mast cells in the pathogenesis of Dupuytren's disease. There is no information on the content of mast cells in the pathologically altered palmar fascia of patients depending on the severity of the contracture. Purpose To study changes in the number, location and degranulation activity of mast cells in the palmar aponeurosis with Dupuytren's contracture of varying severity. Material and methods Histopathological study of surgical material from 52 patients (49 men and 3 women) with Dupuytren's contracture (age range 35-78 years, mean age 59.12 ± 1.25 years) using histomorphometry of epoxy semi-thin sections stained with methylene blue – the main fuchsin. Patients were divided into two groups: group 1 with 1‑2 (n = 16) and group 2 with 3-4 (n = 36) grades of the contracture. Results In group 2, the location of mast cells among contractilely altered collagen fibers of dense connective tissue was recorded more often than in group 1. In group 2, compared with group 1, the following significantly increased: the median number density of mast cells – by 33.79 % (p = 0.0508), the median area of mast cells – by 48.40 % (p = 0.0008) and the index mast cell degranulation – by 94.68 % (p = 0.00000001). Discussion Along with a change in the typical location of mast cells, objective evidence of an increase in their number, activation and degranulation in patients with severe contractures was obtained. Conclusion The obtained results indicate the role of mast cells in the progression of Dupuytren's contracture and expand the understanding of potential therapeutic targets.
Endoscopic surgery for managing sciatic nerve pathology: first results, possibilities, complications: а case series
Authors:   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russian Federation, Belyak E.A. ,   Moscow City Clinical Hospital after V.M. Buyanov, Moscow, Russian Federation, Paskhin D.L. ,   Moscow City Clinical Hospital after V.M. Buyanov, Moscow, Russian Federation, Lazko F.L. ,   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Moscow City Clinical Hospital after V.M. Buyanov, Moscow, Russian Federation, Prizov A.P. ,   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Moscow City Clinical Hospital after V.M. Buyanov, Moscow, Russian Federation, Lazko M.F. ,   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Moscow City Clinical Hospital after V.M. Buyanov, Moscow, Russian Federation, Loginov М.А. ,   Moscow City Clinical Hospital after V.M. Buyanov, Moscow, Russian Federation, Mahuova G.B. ,   Moscow City Clinical Hospital after V.M. Buyanov, Moscow, Russian Federation, Yusufov M.P. ,   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Moscow City Clinical Hospital after V.M. Buyanov, Moscow, Russian Federation, Asratyan S.A. ,   Moscow City Clinical Hospital after V.M. Buyanov, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

IIntroduction Sciatic nerve neuropathy is common pathology. Development of endoscopic method of decompression and neurolysis is extremely prospective. Objective Analyze the results of endoscopic decompression of sciatic nerve at a 1-year follow-up. Material and methods 15 patients (11 females – 79 %, 4 males – 21 %) were included into the study and were treated in the period from 2018 to 2022. Endoscopic sciatic nerve neurolysis and decompression were performed. Mean age of the patients was 47 ± 16 years. The severity of pain according to VAS was 8 ± 1. Motor dysfunction according to the BMRC scale was 2.6 ± 1.7 points. Degree of sensitive dysfunction according to Seddon scale was 2.9 ± 0.9 points. Functional activity of the lower limb according to LEFS scale was 49 ± 7 points. Results The severity of pain one year after surgery according to VAS scale decreased to 2.8 ± 2.6 cm. Degree of motor dysfunction according to BMRC scale became 4.4 ± 0.8 points. Degree of sensitive dysfunction according to Seddon scale became 3.7 ± 0.4 points. Functional activity of the lower limb according to LEFS scale increased to 68 ± 8.7 points. Efficacy of surgery in our study was 80 % (12 patients), there was one complication after surgery (6.7 %). Discussion Our study obtained clinical results that are comparable with the data of domestic and world literature. Conclusion Endoscopic decompression of sciatic nerve is an effective and low-traumatic method with a low rate of complications, which allows for pain relief, promotes restoration of function of the sciatic nerve and lower extremity.
Long-term treatment results of multilevel cervical spine stenosis with the method of bilateral osteoplasticic decompression laminoplasty and simultaneous foraminotomy
Authors:   Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Sufianov A.A. ,   Federal Centre of Neurosurgery, Tyumen, Russian Federation,   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russian Federation, Burtsev A.V. ,   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation, Nabiev D.N. ,   Federal Centre of Neurosurgery, Tyumen, Russian Federation, Magomedova A.Sh. ,   Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Federal Centre of Neurosurgery, Tyumen, Russian Federation, Sufianov R.A. ,   Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Karsanova M.T. ,   Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Federal Centre of Neurosurgery, Tyumen, Russian Federation, Piterov V.A. ,   Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Federal Centre of Neurosurgery, Tyumen, Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

Introduction Stenosis of the cervical spine can lead to serious complications resulting from spinal cord dysfunction. There are different methods of posterior decompression of the spinal canal. The method of choice for surgical treatment of cervical stenosis is laminoplasty. Purpose Analysis of long-term (from 2 to 5 years) results of clinical outcomes after bilateral decompression laminoplasty and simultaneous foraminotomy Materials and methods Study design: case series (27 patients); a single center retro/prospective study. Patients who were treated at the Federal Center for Neurosurgery in Tyumen were examined. In the pre- and postoperative periods, the clinical condition of patients was assessed using questionnaires and scales JOA, VAS, Nurick. The stenosis severity was objectively assessed using a standard closed polygon measuring instrument. The cross-sectional area of the dural sac and the average linear dimensions were measured according to neuroimaging data. Results In the late postoperative period, patients had positive dynamics in pain relief, improvement in motor functions, and partial recovery of sensory disorders. There was a slight increase in the average cross-sectional area of the dural sac measured at the follow-up. Discussion The method of bilateral osteoplastic laminoplasty is one of the surgical treatment options and allows full visualizing of the neurovascular structures, as well as safe performance of hemostasis and foraminotomy at the levels of interest. Conclusion Thus, the effectiveness of this technique was shown by this study.
Changes in immunological parameters of polytrauma patients with use of terahertz electromagnetic waves in complex treatment
Authors:   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation, Soldatov Yu.P. , Stogov M.V. ,   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation,   Advanced Materials for Industry and Biomedicine laboratory, Kurgan State University, Kurgan, Russian Federation, Shen S.V. ,   Central City Clinical Hospital No. 3, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation, Beikin Ya.B. ,   Clinical Diagnostic Center, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation, Ovchinnikov E.N. ,   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation, Lukin S.Yu. ,   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation,   City Hospital No. 36 "Traumatological", Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation, Tushina N.V. ,   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

Introduction Improving the results of treatment and rehabilitation is essential for polytrauma patients. The aim of the study was to prove the effectiveness of terahertz electromagnetic waves (TEW) in polytrauma patients early after traumatic event to improve immune parameters. Material and methods The study included 20 polytrauma patients who were divided into two groups. Patients of the treatment group (n = 10) received TEW early after traumatic event in addition to standard treatment using the damage control approach. Control patients (n = 10) received no TEW therapy in the complex of therapeutic measures. Immunological studies were performed during treatment. The effectiveness of rehabilitation was assessed at a long term using an evaluation scale. Results The mean rehabilitation score was significantly higher in the treatment group compared to the controls. The treatment group showed significantly higher production of TNFα and IL-2, spontaneous production of IFNγ by lymphocytes, phagocyte activity (NBT-test) and absorption activity of monocytes after the use of TEW in comparison with controls. An increased level of IgG and IgM was also noted in patients of the treatment group. Discussion The findings showed that the use of TEW in polytrauma patients early after traumatic event resulted in the increase in cytotoxic activity of lymphocytes and phagocytic cells. The immunostimulating effect of TEW was also achieved through boosting humoral immunity. Conclusion The TEW used early after traumatic event in polytrauma patients resulted in strengthening of the immune system which contributed to more effective rehabilitation.
Quantitative assessment of the sagittal and coronal balance of the axial skeleton using 3D motion capture
Authors:   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation, Dolganova T.I. , Aksenov A.Yu. ,   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation, Garipov I.I. ,   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation, Sergeenko O.M. ,   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation, Diachkov K.A. ,   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation, Cherepanov I.D. ,   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation, Dolganov D.V. ,   Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kurgan, Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

Introduction Sagittal and coronal balance of the body cannot be evaluated with the modern programs for musculoskeletal assessment using 3D motion capture and additional software operations are required for the measurements. The objective was to review information capacity and comparability of the quantitative assessments of the dynamic axial balance of the body using radiography and 3D gait analysis. Material and methods Comparative analysis of the information capacity of sagittal and coronal balance using radiographs and 3D gait analysis was performed in adolescents without orthopedic pathology (n = 12); untreated patients with idiopathic scoliosis (n = 53); patients with degenerative disorders of the spine (n = 15). Results Axial balance identified with 3D gait analysis showed dynamic measurements and depended on the posture during recording. There were no significant differences in the balance measurements in the samples in comparison with radiological findings with the medians being almost identical. Correlations between the balances were statistically significant in patients with degenerative disorders of the spine without clinical manifestations and in patients with idiopathic scoliosis without pain, and were not significant in patients with clinical and antalgic manifestations of vertebral pathology. Discussion Absence of statistically significant differences and close central trends in the samples indicated the comparability of the measurements in general population due to sagittal and coronal balance measured in the same patients, at different time points, in different postures and by different methods. However, significant differences in variation and a statistically significant effect of antalgic manifestations on the strength of correlation suggested that the dynamic balance measured with 3D gait analysis were more sensitive and informative to pathogenetic symptoms. Conclusions Algorithms for measurements of the axial balance using 3D gait analysis were comparable with radiographic findings and were much more informative and sensitive to antalgic manifestations of spinal pathology.
Arthroplasty in the treatment of patients with avascular osteonecrosis of the talus: literature review
Authors:   City Clinical Hospital named after I.I. S.S. Yudin, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kuznetsov V.V. , Tamoev S.K. ,   City Clinical Hospital named after I.I. S.S. Yudin, Moscow, Russian Federation, Osnach S.A. ,   City Clinical Hospital named after I.I. S.S. Yudin, Moscow, Russian Federation, Skrebtsov V.V. ,   City Clinical Hospital named after I.I. S.S. Yudin, Moscow, Russian Federation, Nikitina V.K. ,   City Clinical Hospital named after I.I. S.S. Yudin, Moscow, Russian Federation, Karlov A.V. ,   MOJE Keramik-Implantate, Tomsk, Russian Federation, Protsko V.G. ,   City Clinical Hospital named after I.I. S.S. Yudin, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: June 2023

Introduction The paper discusses the main issues of treating patients with avascular osteonecrosis of the talus. The importance of the problem of treating patients with avascular osteonecrosis of the talus is explained by its high incidence, the difficulty of diagnosis in the early stages of the disease and poor treatment results with the use of traditional methods. Рurpose Based on the analysis of foreign and domestic literature, to determine the current state of the problem of surgical treatment of avascular osteonecrosis of the talus and to identify the range of possible surgical interventions in patients with the pathology under the study, to analyze in historical retrospect the arthroplasty of the talus bone due to its total involvement in the pathological process. Materials and methods The review analyzes the literature on this topic, in which 79 foreign studies, published in the period from 1911 to 2021, were selected along with 9 domestic publications for the period from 2011 to 2021. PubMed, MedLine and eLibrary Internet resources were used to search for publications. Results Based on the literature data, the issues of the history, etiology, pathogenesis, systematization and diagnosis of this disease are highlighted. The existing methods of treatment have been analyzed along with their advantages and shortcomings. Conclusion The analysis of current professional literature has demonstrated the preference of the method of talus bone arthroplasty in its total avascular osteonecrosis, in comparison with arthrodesis of the joints of the hind foot of various extent. Nowadays, the technology of arthroplasty of the talus bone is scientifically sound, biomechanically confirmed and effective for the treatment of patients with avascular osteonecrosis of the talus bone and its consequences, while the demand for this technology has been growing all over the world. There is a constant improvement of tools, technologies, methods and materials.