bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Competencias en cuidados paliativos entre los estudiantes de medicina
Authors: Guirro Úrsula Bueno do Prado , Perini Carla Corradi , Fileno Luís Otávio Zatorre , Fioravanti Gustavo Belam , Siqueira José Eduardo de
Published: October 2023

Resumen Las competencias son un conjunto de conocimientos, habilidades y actitudes que debe adquirir el profesional para desempeñar una actividad laboral. Este estudio pretende evaluar las competencias en cuidados paliativos entre los estudiantes de medicina matriculados en el grado de medicina en Brasil. Todos los inscritos recibieron invitación a participar y completaron la Palliative Competence Tool. Los datos obtenidos se calcularon en puntuaciones entre 0 y 100 y se compararon entre las diez competencias y los ciclos académicos. Los resultados mostraron cuatro patrones; el más frecuente fue la reducción de la puntuación entre los estudiantes de ciclos básico e intermedio, con recuperación parcial en las prácticas. Solo la competencia ética y la toma de decisiones presentaron una alta puntuación en las prácticas. Sigue siendo débil la adquisición de competencias en cuidados paliativos en medicina. La adopción de nuevas estrategias de enseñanza puede mejorar la adquisición de las competencias en el futuro.
Produções bioéticas brasileiras acerca do suicídio: revisão sistemática
Authors: Cardoso Luana Lima Santos , Nascimento Wanderson Flor do
Published: October 2023

Resumo Esta revisão sistemática da literatura mapeou produções brasileiras com abordagens bioéticas do suicídio, a fim de contribuir para o debate sobre os conflitos éticos envolvidos no fenômeno do suicídio e colaborar para sua prevenção. Consultaram-se as bases de dados SciELO e Google Acadêmico e repositórios institucionais de programas de pós-graduação em bioética, acionando os descritores “suicídio”, “suicídio e bioética” e “suicídio e ética”. As vinte publicações que cumpriam os critérios de inclusão foram agrupadas e analisadas em três eixos: reflexões gerais em torno da estigmatização do ato suicida; dilemas morais acerca do suicídio e os princípios bioéticos; e análise ético-política do fenômeno do suicídio. Conclui-se que a produção que aborda essa temática é escassa, com poucas pessoas concentrando a maioria das pesquisas, o que surpreende, tendo em vista a relevância do fenômeno para a saúde pública e reflexões morais sobre o fim da vida.
Bioethics and concierge medicine in aging: exploring complexities
Authors: Almeida Palloma Porto
Published: October 2023

Abstract Concierge medicine emerged as a promising approach to offer exclusive and personalized treatments using genomic tools. In aging studies, concierge medicine has the potential to transform the treatment and prevention of age-associated and related diseases through pharmacogenetics and nutrigenomics; however, its use of genomic data raises important bioethical concerns, including privacy, consent, equity issues and potential misuse of these data for discriminatory purposes. Hence, careful consideration should be given to the biomedical, social, and ethical aspects of concierge medicine in aging contexts. Our review explores the main aspects of age-related pharmacogenetics and nutrigenomics data in concierge medicine, discussing the bioethical concerns involved in its use.
Bioética y medicina personalizada en el envejecimiento: explorar las complejidades
Authors: Almeida Palloma Porto
Published: October 2023

Resumen La medicina personalizada surgió como un enfoque prometedor con el fin de proporcionar tratamientos únicos y personalizados a enfermedades utilizando herramientas genómicas. En los estudios de envejecimiento, la medicina personalizada puede transformar el tratamiento y la prevención de enfermedades asociadas a la edad y relacionadas con la nutrigenómica y la farmacogenómica. Sin embargo, el uso de datos genómicos en medicina personalizada plantea importantes preocupaciones bioéticas, incluidos temas como la privacidad, el consentimiento, la equidad y el posible uso indebido de los datos genómicos con fines discriminatorios. Así, es fundamental ponderar cuidadosamente los aspectos biomédicos, sociales y éticos de la medicina personalizada en el contexto de las afecciones relacionadas con la edad. Esta revisión pretende explorar los principales aspectos de la medicina personalizada sobre las enfermedades relacionadas con la edad en los datos farmacogenómicos y nutrigenómicos al abordar las preocupaciones bioéticas involucradas en el uso de estos datos.
Bioética e medicina personalizada no envelhecimento: explorando complexidades
Authors: Almeida Palloma Porto
Published: October 2023

Resumo A medicina personalizada surgiu como uma abordagem promissora para fornecer tratamentos exclusivos e personalizados para doenças usando ferramentas genômicas. No campo dos estudos do envelhecimento, a medicina personalizada tem grande potencial para transformar o tratamento e a prevenção de doenças associadas à idade e relacionadas à nutrigenômica e à farmacogenômica. No entanto, o uso de dados genômicos na medicina personalizada levanta preocupações bioéticas significativas, incluindo questões como privacidade, consentimento, equidade e potencial uso indevido de dados genômicos para fins discriminatórios. Portanto, é crucial considerar cuidadosamente os aspectos biomédicos, sociais e éticos da medicina personalizada no contexto de condições relacionadas à idade. Esta revisão tem o objetivo de explorar os principais aspectos da medicina personalizada concernentes a doenças relacionadas à idade nos dados farmacogenômicos e nutrigenômicos, abordando as preocupações bioéticas envolvidas no uso desses dados.
Dimensiones de la audiencia en la radio universitaria
Authors: Lopez Debora Cristina , Freire Marcelo , Martín-Pena Daniel
Published: October 2023

Resumen La presente investigación tiene como objetivo debatir y delimitar el concepto de audiencia y su caracterización en el fenómeno de la radio universitaria. Para estas estaciones conocer el perfil de sus públicos, sus espacios de circulación y sus intereses resulta fundamental para que logren cumplir con su rol en la sociedad y en la ecología mediática de la radio. A raíz de una revisión bibliográfica a través de la realización de búsquedas booleanas sugerimos nuevos enfoques que permitan adaptar el concepto de audiencia al fenómeno de la radiodifusión universitaria. Con este fin proponemos posibles enfoques a partir de la designación de dimensiones y parámetros para comprender la audiencia en las radios universitarias como un aporte teórico-metodológico que busca sistematizar y construir el debate sobre la identidad de la audiencia en las estaciones universitarias en el actual contexto marcado por grandes desafíos (plataformización, mirada multidimensional o cultura de conexión) que complican el proceso de caracterización de la misma.
O método estrutural e o ensino universitário de Filosofia no Brasil
Authors: Sampaio Evaldo Silva Pereira
Published: October 2023

Resumo Em meados do século XX, estabeleceu-se nas “ciências humanas” uma abordagem teórica que ficou conhecida como Estruturalismo. Dada a sua origem e dispersão transdisciplinar, o pensamento estrutural adquiriu nuances conceptuais e procedimentos específicos de investigação de acordo com este ou aquele campo do saber que o assimilou. Em Filosofia, tal orientação se difundiu enquanto uma maneira de ler os textos filosóficos com ressonâncias pedagógicas e institucionais. No início dos anos 1950, quando da consolidação inicial da Filosofia universitária brasileira, o “método estrutural” nos chegou sobretudo pela influência de Martial Gueroult e de Victor Goldschmidt na Universidade de São Paulo. Firmou-se posteriormente a narrativa de que a leitura estrutural se disseminou da filosofia franco-uspiana para vários centros filosóficos brasileiros, constituindo assim um paradigma. A minha hipótese historiográfica é de que o método estrutural foi um fenômeno estadual em nosso ensino de Filosofia, não tendo adquirido uma projeção nacional em nossos currículos ou formas de ensino. Para tanto, proponho-me, inicialmente, mostrar como se deu a implementação da análise estrutural a partir de uma certa ruptura com o modelo do período de fundação da antiga Faculdade de Filosofia da USP. Em seguida, por um exame de depoimentos e comentários dos principais envolvidos na fundação e consolidação do Departamento de Filosofia da USP, sugiro que o ensino franco-uspiano possui diferentes matrizes, das quais o estruturalismo talvez sequer tenha sido a mais influente. Além disso, os relatos atestam um insulamento de décadas em nosso ensino universitário de Filosofia que permite explicar por que o método estrutural teve um alcance bastante limitado em outros centros filosóficos do país. Já a minha hipótese sistemática é de que a leitura estrutural de textos filosóficos é incompatível com a noção mesma de História da Filosofia - e nisso há consequências para a própria autoimagem da Filosofia e da sua a formação universitária. Mesmo que restrita aqui a um estudo de caso, esta investigação é parte de uma reflexão mais ampla e em desenvolvimento sobre as representações da Filosofia no pensamento contemporâneo.
Aportes del pensamiento latinoamericano en la descolonización del saber
Authors: Martínez Andrade Luis
Published: October 2023

Resumen En este artículo abordamos el caso de algunas propuestas teóricas que han contribuido a la descolonización del saber en el campo de la Filosofía como en el de las ciencias sociales. A través del análisis de algunas cuestiones planteadas por la Filosofía de la liberación, los feminismos contrahegemónicos, la Pedagogía de Paulo Freire y la obra de José Carlos Mariátegui mostramos una línea de continuidad/discontinuidad con lo que hoy se ha denominado como giro decolonial. A partir de una perspectiva interdisciplinaria, combinando la historia intelectual, la filosofía política y la filosofía social, reconocemos los antecedentes geopolíticos del giro decolonial en el pensamiento crítico latinoamericano. Nuestro objetivo es ponderar la pertinencia de dichas corrientes intelectuales en la historia del pensamiento crítico.
SABERES E PRÁTICAS DE MÃES RIBEIRINHAS SOBRE VACINAÇÃO
Authors: Silva Ricardo Luiz Saldanha da , Santos Evelyn Rafaela de Almeida dos , Silva Elis Maria Rodrigues da , Rodrigues Ivaneide Leal Ataíde , Andrade Erlon Gabriel Rego de , Nogueira Laura Maria Vidal
Published: October 2023

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar os saberes de mães ribeirinhas sobre vacinação e sua influência na prática de levar seus filhos para vacinar. Método: estudo qualitativo/descritivo, realizado na Unidade de Saúde da Família Combú, Belém-Pará, Brasil, com 30 mães ribeirinhas que tinham filhos em idade vacinal. Os dados foram produzidos por entrevistas individuais, cujo corpus foi analisado com o software Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires 0.7, alpha 2, utilizando a Classificação Hierárquica Descendente. Resultados: o software gerou seis classes, compondo duas categorias: “Saberes e práticas de mães ribeirinhas sobre vacinação” e “Importância da educação em saúde e o papel dos profissionais de saúde no compartilhamento de informações sobre vacinação”. Conclusão: discutir os saberes de mães ribeirinhas sobre vacinação e sua influência na tomada de decisão permitiu refletir criticamente sobre as práticas no cotidiano dessa população, oportunizando aos profissionais de saúde repensar estratégias, principalmente nas ações educativas.
CULTURA DE SEGURANÇA DO PACIENTE EM SERVIÇOS DE DIÁLISE DURANTE PANDEMIA DA COVID-19: PERSPECTIVA DA ENFERMAGEM
Authors: Hoffmann Marília Alves , Menezes Aline Carrilho , Azevedo Cissa , Amaral Fabrícia Moreira Amorim , Rodrigues Tatiana Aparecida , Ribeiro Helen Cristiny Teodoro Couto , Mata Luciana Regina Ferreira da
Published: October 2023

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar a cultura de segurança do paciente sob a perspectiva da equipe de enfermagem em serviços de diálise no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19. Método: estudo transversal com 56 profissionais de enfermagem de três serviços de diálise em Minas Gerais - Brasil, entre março e junho de 2021. Utilizou-se o instrumento Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture. Os dados foram analisados por: estatística descritiva e inferencial; teste qui-quadrado; e Equações de Estimativas Generalizáveis (p≤0,05). Resultados: a segurança do paciente foi classificada como boa ou excelente por 69,6% dos participantes. A dimensão “Expectativas e ações da direção do serviço que favoreçam a segurança” foi considerada fortaleza (85,42%). “Resposta não punitiva para erros” (23,99%) e “Dimensionamento de pessoal” (45,83%) foram consideradas frágeis. Houve maior percentual de respostas positivas nos serviços público e filantrópico (p<0,001). Conclusão: poucas dimensões indicaram fortalezas, e o tipo de gestão influenciou o percentual de respostas positivas.
GUIA INSTRUCIONAL PARA SUBSIDIAR A CONSULTA DE ENFERMAGEM NO PRÉ-NATAL DE BAIXO RISCO: CONSTRUÇÃO E VALIDAÇÃO
Authors: Teixeira Wanderson Luís , Zocche Denise Antunes de Azambuja , Zanotelli Silvana dos Santos , Martins Maria Fátima Silva Vieira , Backes Dirce Stein
Published: October 2023

RESUMO Objetivo: desenvolver tecnologia do tipo guia técnico, para pré-natal de baixo risco. Método: pesquisa metodológica que compreendeu a construção e validação de um guia técnico. Na coleta de dados aplicou-se um questionário e duas revisões bibliográficas. Realizado nas macrorregiões Grande Oeste e Meio Oeste Catarinense - Brasil. Para a construção do guia tivemos etapa exploratória com 48 enfermeiros. Resultados: o guia é composto por três capítulos. A assistência de enfermagem no pré-natal de baixo risco. A consulta de enfermagem e o manejo adequado de acordo com o período gestacional. Protocolos, instrumentos e escala utilizados na consulta de pré-natal de baixo risco. A validação foi realizada por 14 juízes com Índice de Validade de Conteúdo 0,96. Conclusão: o guia contribuirá para a qualificação do trabalho do enfermeiro na Atenção Primária à Saúde, transformado o cenário obstétrico das regiões envolvidas e fortalecendo as práticas do enfermeiro na realização do pré-natal de baixo-risco.
PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DE LOS CASOS DE VIOLENCIA SEXUAL EN ANÁPOLIS - GOIÁS - BRASIL, EN LOS AÑOS 2017 A 2020
Authors: Sousa Paula Luiza de , Rocha Ana Luiza Espíndula , Gomes Gabriela Magalhães Bandeira , Moreira Karina Dayane Gonçalves , Silva Renata Reis , Silvestre Marcela de Andrade , Silva Constanza Thaise Xavier
Published: October 2023

RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar el perfil epidemiológico de las víctimas que han sufrido violencia sexual, en Anápolis - Goiás - Brasil, entre los años 2017 a 2020. Método: estudio descriptivo de naturaleza cuantitativa. Se utilizaron datos de la ficha de notificación de violencia sexual registrada en el Departamento de Vigilancia Epidemiológica. Se utilizó la prueba de chi cuadrado con un nivel de significación del 5% (p<0,05). Resultados: Fueron notificados 850 casos, con el pico en 2020, siendo 82,1% mujeres, entre el grupo de edad de dos a 10 años (42,2%), morenas (61,2%) y solteras (37,1%). La principal conducta realizada después de la violencia sexual fue la extracción de sangre (21,6%); los principales agresores fueron los padres (20,9%), el principal tipo de violencia sexual fue la violación (68,7%) y las víctimas fueron encaminadas principalmente al Consejo Tutelar (48,2%). Conclusión: los resultados apuntan a la necesidad de reforzar las intervenciones para ampliar la red de protección social de niños y adolescentes.
INSTRUCTIONAL GUIDE TO SUBSIDIZE THE NURSING CONSULTATION IN LOW-RISK PRENATAL CARE: CONSTRUCTION AND VALIDATION
Authors: Teixeira Wanderson Luís , Zocche Denise Antunes de Azambuja , Zanotelli Silvana dos Santos , Martins Maria Fátima Silva Vieira , Backes Dirce Stein
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: to develop a technical guide for low-risk prenatal care. Method: methodological research that included the construction and validation of a technical guide. A questionnaire and two bibliographic reviews were applied in data collection. Conducted in the macro regions of the Great West and Midwest of Santa Catarina - Brazil. For the construction of the guide, we had an exploratory stage with 48 nurses. Results: the guide consists of three chapters. Nursing care in low-risk prenatal care. The nursing consultation and the appropriate management according to the gestational period. Protocols, instruments, and scales used in low-risk prenatal care. Validation was performed by 14 judges with Content Validity Index 0.96. Conclusion: the guide will contribute to the qualification of nurses’ work in Primary Health Care, transforming the obstetric scenario of the regions involved and strengthening nurses’ practices in the performance of low-risk prenatal care.
ASSESSMENT OF CLIMACTERIC SYMPTOMS IN YOUNG WOMEN UNDERGOING CHEMOTHERAPY
Authors: Guimarães Neto Antonio José , Vidal Flávia Castello Branco
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the prevalence of climacteric symptoms in women undergoing cancer treatment and to analyze its relationship with the number of chemotherapy cycles. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 47 women undergoing chemotherapy in two cancer reference hospitals in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil, between March 2019 and July 2020. A structured questionnaire was used containing sociodemographic variables and information on menstrual function and symptoms. Bivariate analysis and binary logistic regression were performed to assess the relationship between predictor variables and number of chemotherapy cycles. Results: Mean age was 31.71 years, and amenorrhea and hot flushes were the most frequent symptoms, however, unrelated to the number of chemotherapy cycles. There was no association between the presence of climacteric effects and the type of chemotherapy (p=0.15). Conclusion: The results reaffirmed that chemotherapy can cause climacteric symptoms, thus emphasizing the need for measures to alleviate symptoms in patients facing this problem.
CONSTRUCTION AND VALIDATION OF A CLINICAL SCENARIO AND CHECKLIST FOR ASSESSING CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION SKILLS
Authors: Dias Amanda Aparecida , Costa Yule Caroline Nunes da , Tony Ana Carolina Carraro , Alvim André Luiz Silva , Prado Roberta Teixeira , Santos Kelli Borges dos , Carbogim Fábio da Costa
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT Objectives: to build and validate a simulated scenario and checklist to assess skills in the care of hemodynamically unstable patients with evolution to Cardiorespiratory Arrest, and to test applicability to the target population, assessing skills and satisfaction/self-confidence with learning. Method: methodological study carried out in three stages (development of the scenario and checklist, validation by judges and pilot test) between April 2020 and September 2021, in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Fourteen judges and 24 nursing students participated. Results: the scenario and checklist achieved a Content Validity Coefficient greater than 90. The skills were adequately developed, with a mean of 4.71 ± 0.24 on the satisfaction-self-confidence scale, and 4.83 ± 0.25 for simulation design. Conclusion: The scenario may contribute to improving educational activities in undergraduate and health education and subsidize future studies to increase the quality of care and assistance to hemodynamically unstable patients with evolution to cardiac arrest.
CONSTRUCCIÓN Y VALIDACIÓN DE UN ESCENARIO CLÍNICO Y LISTA DE CONTROL PARA EVALUAR LAS COMPETENCIAS EN REANIMACIÓN CARDIOPULMONAR
Authors: Dias Amanda Aparecida , Costa Yule Caroline Nunes da , Tony Ana Carolina Carraro , Alvim André Luiz Silva , Prado Roberta Teixeira , Santos Kelli Borges dos , Carbogim Fábio da Costa
Published: October 2023

RESUMEN Objetivos: construir y validar un escenario simulado y una lista de verificación para evaluar las habilidades en la atención de pacientes hemodinámicamente inestables con evolución a Parada Cardiorrespiratoria; y probar la aplicabilidad a la población objetivo, evaluando las habilidades y la satisfacción/autoconfianza con el aprendizaje. Método: estudio metodológico realizado en tres etapas (desarrollo del escenario y lista de verificación, validación por jueces y prueba piloto) entre abril de 2020 y septiembre de 2021, en el estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Participaron 14 jueces y 24 estudiantes de enfermería. Resultados: el escenario y la lista de verificación alcanzaron un Coeficiente de Validez de Contenido superior a 90. Las habilidades se desarrollaron adecuadamente, con una media de 4,71 ± 0,24 en la escala de satisfacción-autoconfianza, y de 4,83 ± 0,25 para el diseño de la simulación. Conclusión: el escenario puede contribuir a: mejorar las actividades educativas de pregrado y formación sanitaria; y subvencionar futuros estudios para aumentar la calidad de la atención y asistencia a pacientes hemodinámicamente inestables con evolución a parada cardiaca.
EDUCATIONAL NURSING INTERVENTION TO PROMOTE ADAPTATION IN CANCER SURVIVORS: PROTOCOL FOR PILOT STUDY
Authors: Peixoto Tiago André dos Santos Martins , Peixoto Nuno Miguel dos Santos Martins , Pinto Cândida Assunção Santos , Santos Célia Samarina Vilaça de Brito
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: to present the protocol of a pilot study that aims to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of an educational nursing intervention to promote the adaptation of cancer survivors, focused on coping and anxiety. Method: this protocol was developed based on the Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials 2013 (SPIRIT2013) Statement, in the city of Porto - Portugal, in 2022. Results: the design, structure, content, strategies, and evaluation instruments of the intervention to be implemented were defined. Conclusion: This article provides in detail the structure and content of an educational nursing intervention to promote the adaptation of cancer survivors that can be integrated into the piloting phase procedures. It can also be considered a stimulus for the development of new interventions and intervention programs in this phase of the cancer disease.
KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICES OF RIVERINE MOTHERS ABOUT VACCINATION
Authors: Silva Ricardo Luiz Saldanha da , Santos Evelyn Rafaela de Almeida dos , Silva Elis Maria Rodrigues da , Rodrigues Ivaneide Leal Ataíde , Andrade Erlon Gabriel Rego de , Nogueira Laura Maria Vidal
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the knowledge of riverine mothers about vaccination and its influence on the practice of taking their children for vaccination. Method: qualitative/descriptive study, conducted at the Combú Family Health Unit, Belém-Pará, Brazil, with 30 riverine mothers who had children of vaccination age. Data were produced by individual interviews, whose corpus was analyzed with the software Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires 0.7, alpha 2, using Descending Hierarchical Classification. Results: the software generated six classes, composing two categories: “Knowledge and practices of riverine mothers about vaccination” and “Importance of health education and the role of health professionals in sharing information about vaccination”. Conclusion: discussing the knowledge of riverside mothers about vaccination and its influence on decision-making allowed a critical reflection on the practices in the daily life of this population, providing health professionals with the opportunity to rethink strategies, especially in educational actions.
DONANTES POTENCIALES DE ÓRGANOS EN MUERTE CEREBRAL: CARACTERIZACIÓN E IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LOS DIAGNÓSTICOS DE ENFERMERÍA
Authors: Bezerra Gabriela Duarte , Clementino Kyohana Matos de Freitas , Silva Maria Isabel Caetano da , Domingos João Emannuel Pereira , Araújo Isaac de Sousa , Vidal Eglídia Carla Figueirêdo , Pinheiro Woneska Rodrigues
Published: October 2023

RESUMEN Objetivo: Identificar los diagnósticos de enfermería de los posibles donantes de órganos en muerte encefálica según la Taxonomía NANDA-I. Método: Estudio observacional, transversal, realizado en un hospital público del interior de Ceará, Brasil. Recogida de datos en octubre y noviembre de 2021, en 23 historias clínicas de posibles donantes de órganos. Los datos se analizaron mediante estadísticas descriptivas. Resultados: Se identificaron 22 diagnósticos diferentes, en cinco de los 13 dominios de la taxonomía NANDA-I. Predominaron los siguientes: riesgo de glucemia inestable; riesgo de deterioro de la función hepática; deterioro del intercambio gaseoso; deterioro de la movilidad en la cama; patrón respiratorio ineficaz; riesgo de infección; riesgo de lesión por presión; riesgo de aspiración; riesgo de disminución del gasto cardíaco; riesgo de caídas, deterioro de la eliminación urinaria; riesgo de desequilibrio electrolítico y riesgo de tensión arterial inestable. Conclusión: La identificación de diagnósticos puede favorecer la mejora de la práctica y la aplicación del proceso de enfermería en el cuidado de los donantes potenciales de órganos.
PRÁCTICAS DE ATENCIÓN PROPORCIONADAS POR LAS ENFERMERAS DE LA ESTRATEGIA DE SALUD FAMILIAR A LOS USUARIOS CON TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: Acosta Daniele Ferreira , Conceição Pâmela Medina , Abreu Daiane Porto Gautério , Ramis Ivy Bastos , Vasconcelos Stephanie Gonçalves , Soares Franciele Gomes
Published: October 2023

RESUMEN Objetivo: conocer las prácticas de cuidados prestados por las enfermeras a las personas con tuberculosis en la Estrategia de Salud de la Familia. Método: investigación cualitativa descriptiva realizada con 11 enfermeros de unidades de salud familiar de Rio Grande, RS - Brasil, en el primer semestre de 2021. La invitación se hizo por teléfono y se programó una entrevista en línea. Los datos fueron analizados de acuerdo con el análisis de contenido. Resultados: se evidenciaron tres categorías: Prácticas relacionadas con los cuidados de enfermería: obstáculos y concepciones erróneas, (Rel)Acciones en los cuidados de enfermería al usuario con TB, (Re)Pensamiento sobre las orientaciones dadas al usuario. Las prácticas de cuidados se basaron en el vínculo y en la acogida al usuario. Sin embargo, hubo malentendidos en las orientaciones y obstáculos en el afrontamiento de la enfermedad. Se observó un cambio en la conducta y percepción de la enfermedad ante la pandemia del Covid-19. Conclusión: Las buenas prácticas asistenciales, tanto relacionales como técnicas, se ven atravesadas por dificultades, ya sean internas o externas a la unidad.
UMA ANÁLISE DA CAPACIDADE DO MINISTÉRIO PÚBLICO PARA A ATUAÇÃO NA POLÍTICA EDUCACIONAL
Authors: Taporosky Barbara Cristina Hanauer , Silveira Adriana Aparecida Dragone
Published: October 2023

RESUMO O presente artigo analisa como o Ministério Público se capacita para atuar nas políticas educacionais no Brasil. Para tanto, realiza um estudo de casos múltiplos, mediante análise documental das estratégias utilizadas nos estados de Alagoas, Amapá, Bahia, Espírito Santo, Maranhão, Paraíba, Rio Grande do Norte, Rio Grande do Sul e Rondônia, categorizando a capacidade em técnica jurídica, técnica especializada e participação. Apresenta uma discussão teórica sobre o caráter do Ministério Público enquanto ator político e a sua capacidade para atuar nas políticas educacionais. Analisa a mobilização das estratégias em sua atuação em prol da qualidade da educação básica. Conclui que a instituição adota diferentes estratégias, porém nem sempre elas são mobilizadas em sua atuação.
Modelos Organizacionais para sustentabilidade do Programa Nacional de Controle do Tabagismo: uma proposta piloto a ser adotada nacionalmente
Authors: Borges Vera Lúcia Gomes , Cabral Lucas Manoel da Silva , Cavalcanti Erica , Cardoso Andréa Ramalho Reis
Published: October 2023

Resumo Introdução: O consumo dos produtos derivados do tabaco, do plantio ao consumo, são responsáveis por graves problemas de saúde, representando um ciclo de doenças, pobreza e mortes em todo o mundo. Esse grave problema de saúde pública levou o Brasil a desenvolver, a partir da década de 80, um conjunto de medidas de controle do tabaco, constituindo uma política com ações legislativas, econômicas, de comunicação e educativas, que tem como alicerce o Programa Nacional de Controle do Tabaco (PNCT). Objetivo Este artigo é um relato de experiência que parte de um estudo nacional desenvolvido entre 2020 e 2022, e descreve atuação através de visitas técnicas junto às coordenações de controle do tabagismo de cinco estados. Método Os estados foram selecionados mediante a critérios estabelecidos pela Ditab/INCA, que coordena a rede do Programa Estadual de Controle do Tabagismo (PECT) nos 26 estados e Distrito Federal. Desta forma, foi escolhido um estado de cada região: Tocantins (Norte), Paraíba (Nordeste), Goiás (Centro-Oeste), Rio de Janeiro (Sudeste) e Paraná (Sul). Resultados Foi desenvolvido um conjunto de práticas que possam potencializar, aprimorar e agregar ações técnicas, políticas, de comunicação, dentre outras, de modo a dar sustentabilidade ao Programa Estadual e de maneira mais ampla, o PNCT.
THORACIC-LUMBAR ARTHRODESIS VIA EXTREME LATERAL APPROACH: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: LAZZARI FELIPI FERREIRA , KULCHESKI ÁLYNSON LAROCCA , SEBBEN ANDRé LUIS , SANTORO PEDRO GREIN DEL , BENATO MARCEL LUIZ , CARGNIN MARIA EDUARDA PEREIRA , GRAELLS XAVIER SOLER
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the epidemiological, clinical, and radiological data of patients treated with XLIF, including the impact on quality of life, pain parameters, and improvement of lumbar lordosis. Methods: Retrospective longitudinal study, in which medical records of patients who underwent XLIF between 2017 and 2020 at Hospital do Trabalhador/UFPR were reviewed. Demographic characteristics and radiological aspects, such as the Cobb angle, were recorded. Clinical characteristics using parameters such as pain by VAS and the disability index by ODI were evaluated before surgery and 12 months after. Results: Female patients predominated (66.7%), with a mean age of 59.1 years (35-82 years). The length of stay, in the median, was three days, and the time to return to daily activities was three months. Only four patients (8.9%) had complications. The questionnaire analysis showed a significant difference between all scales’ pre and postoperative scores. The ODI showed an average reduction of 39.2%, and the median score of VAS in the postoperative period was half the preoperative period (reduction of 50%; p <0.001). The lordosis angle increased by 26.3% in the postoperative period (p <0.001). Conclusion: XLIF presents low complication rates, improves lumbar lordosis, and allows recovery from daily activities in a short period, in addition to performing a statistically significant improvement in quality of life and pain according to the VAS and ODI scales, being, therefore, a viable and effective treatment technique. Level of Evidence II; Retrospective Study.
TRANEXAMIC ACID IN ADOLESCENT SCOLIOSIS SURGERY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: GRANA RAFAEL MAGALHãES , MARTINS SAMILLY CONCEIÇÃO MAIA , MISTRO NETO SYLVIO , VEIGA IVAN GUIDOLIN , FRAZÃOROSA ANDRÉ , LIMAL MAURICIO COELHO , TEBET MARCOS ANTÔNIO , PASQUALINI WAGNER , CAVALI PAULO TADEU MAIA , RISSO NETO MARCELO ITALO
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic literature review to evaluate the impact of perioperative blood loss reduction and blood transfusion rate in patients undergoing adolescent idiopathic scoliosis correction surgery and to correlate these results with the different doses of tranexamic acid used in the literature. Ten databases (BVS, COCHRANE, EBSCOHOST, EMBASE, EPISTEMONIKOS, PROQUEST, PUBMED PMC, PUBMED, SCOPUS, WEB OF SCIENCE) were searched to find studies on the effectiveness of tranexamic acid in idiopathic scoliosis surgery. The mean differences in bleeding and transfusions were combined using a random-effects meta-analysis. A total of 17 studies with 1608 patients were included in the evaluation, demonstrating an Odds Ratio of 2.8 (95% CI: 0.8-4.3) as a measure of association for the risk of bleeding and transfusion in the control group (non-users of tranexamic acid), efficiency in reducing bleeding (p=0.03). Additionally, a mean reduction in bleeding of approximately 700 ml was observed. There was no statistical difference between the doses used. The systematic review showed that tranexamic acid effectively reduces bleeding and the need for transfusions, but there were no significant differences in the results between different doses of tranexamic acid. Level of Evidence II; Systematic Review.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PORTRAIT OF PEDIATRIC SCOLIOSIS IN A TERTIARY HOSPITAL IN BRAZIL
Authors: MARTINS SAMILLY CONCEIÇÃO MAIA , MYSTRO SYLVIO , VEIGA IVAN GUIDOLIN , ROSA ANDRÉ FRAZÃO , LIMA MAURICIO COELHO , TEBET MARCOS ANTÔNIO , PASQUALINI WAGNER , CAVALI PAULO TADEU MAIA , RISSO NETO MARCELO ÍTALO
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: To trace the epidemiological profile of patients with pediatric scoliosis in a tertiary hospital in the region of Campinas - SP, seeking to understand and evaluate the demand of these patients, the results of delay in treatment, and its impact on the progression of the deformity. Methods: An epidemiological, observational, and cross-sectional study was carried out in a digital database, including patients from 0 to 18 years of age, where sociodemographic variables, scoliosis classification, and institutional follow-up and treatment data were collected. Results: The sample had 30 patients who met the inclusion criteria. The age of the patients ranged from 5 years to 18 years, with a mean of 12.8 years. Neuromuscular scoliosis was the most prevalent etiology (40%), followed by congenital scoliosis (36.6%) and, to a lesser extent, idiopathic scoliosis (23.3%). The patient follow-up time between the first and last appointment has an average of 74.7 months. When the specialty monitors the patient, the initial and final Cobb angles are evaluated in degrees, with a percentage increase of 40.3%. Delay in care (outpatient care, conservative treatment, or surgery) was identified in 25 patients (83.3% of the sample). Conclusion: Most of the patients evaluated showed evolution of the scoliosis condition, especially due to the delay in care, failure to obtain surgical treatment, or even conservative treatment in an adequate time, with an increase in the magnitude of the curve and greater severity of the case. Level of Evidence III; Observational, Cross-Sectional Study.
Classification Models Analysis for Stroke Prediction
Authors: Santos Dheiver Francisco
Published: October 2023

This study explores the application of machine learning in the prediction of stroke occurrences, a critical task in healthcare with the potential to save lives and reduce the impact of this life-altering medical event. Leveraging the "Healthcare Stroke Data" dataset, we employed two powerful classification models, the Random Forest and Support Vector Machine (SVM), to forecast stroke likelihood. Our analysis encompasses data preprocessing, model training, and comprehensive evaluation using classification metrics and confusion matrices. The study reveals the trade-offs between accuracy, recall, precision, and the F1 score in both models. While the Random Forest exhibits higher accuracy, the SVM excels in recall, a crucial factor in healthcare. Precision challenges in both models highlight the need for further refinement. Additionally, we conducted a feature importance analysis, emphasizing the pivotal role of age, BMI, and glucose levels in stroke prediction. This work exemplifies the potential of machine learning in healthcare and contributes to ongoing efforts in improving stroke prediction and prevention.
Joint Improved Fast Independent Component Analysis and Singular Value Decomposition for Fetal Electrocardiogram Extraction
Authors: Li Tan , Sun Lin , Zhao Lei , Wang Tongtong , Xie Bolin
Published: October 2023

Combined the improved fast independent component analysis (FastICA) algorithm with the singular value decomposition algorithm, a single-channel fetal electrocardiogram (fECG) extraction method is proposed. First, the improved FastICA algorithm is used to estimate the maternal ECG component from a single-channel abdominal signal of pregnant women using an overrelaxation factor. Then, a preliminary estimate of the fECG signal is obtained by subtracting from the single-channel abdominal signal. Subsequently, the singular value decomposition algorithm is used to denoise the preliminarily estimated fECG signal to obtain a high signal-to-noise ratio. In addition, in the singular value decomposition algorithm for fetal arrhythmia, an improved method for constructing the ECG signal reconstruction matrix is proposed. Finally, the fECG extraction experiments on synthetic abdominal signals and actual abdominal signals (data from 49 abdominal channels sourced from DAISY database and the non-invasive fECG database in PhysioNet) are carried out. The experimental results show that the method in this paper can effectively improve the signal-to-noise ratio and the accuracy of fECG signal extraction, and is suitable for maternal or fetal arrhythmias. Compared with the FastICA algorithm, the signal-to-noise ratio of the fECG signal extracted by the method in this paper is improved by about 5 dB, and the accuracy of fECG extraction in the PhysioNet database can reach 96.54%.
Coloration and antibacterial treatment of aramid fabric: a comprehensive review
Authors: Mia Rony , Habib Sania , Assiri Mohammed A , Liu Huihong , Mahmud Sakil
Published: October 2023

Aramid fabric/fiber (AF), which possesses outstanding comprehensive qualities such as low density, high specific strength and high specific modulus, is widely used for body armor for defense. Different dyes and chemicals are required to give AF a specific coloration effect. AF is relatively difficult to dye due to its very crystalline structure and remarkable compactness. Different techniques, including supercritical carbon dioxide, microwave irradiation, liquid ammonia, ultraviolet treatment, copolymerization, high temperature, carrier method and ozone treatment, have already been utilized for the dyeing of AF. Some of these processes show excellent dyeing performance in terms of colorfastness against washing, rubbing and light. AF is also frequently used in harsh environments and cannot be cleaned in a timely manner. Bacteria that develop on its surface might pose a health concern, making AF with antibacterial properties extremely desirable. There have been a number of antibacterial treatments for AF to develop protection against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The in situ treatment of AF using silver nanoparticles showed a high level of antibacterial activity. However, there are no reviews that discuss the coloration and antibacterial activity of AF. Therefore, this review summarizes the coloration and antibacterial activity of AF using different dyes and nanoparticles.
GEOECOLOGICAL REGULARITIES OF THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT TRANSFORMATION DURING THE EXPLOITATION OF AN OIL FIELD IN A KARST REGION
Authors:   Perm State University, Khotyanovskaya Yuliya V. , Buzmakov Sergei A. ,   Perm State University, Kuchin Leonid S. ,   Perm State University
Published: October 2023

A comprehensive geo-ecological survey of the territory of an oil field located in a karst region was carried out. The study of an oilfield technogenesis on the territory of a karst region includes detection of the features of mechanogenesis, hydrocarbon flows, salt migration in soils and watercourses, and the spread of atmospheric pollutants. To determine the severity of these man-made processes in space, remote sensing methods were used. The potential capacity for hydrocarbon accumulation in the karst massif of the Arapov Klyuch ravine can be up to 350.239 tons. Geochemical methods and bioindication established that bituminization covered kars cavities, springs, streams of the upper reaches of the Yasyl River, as well as bottom sediments and soils. Technogenic halogenesis is expressed in an increase in the concentration of chlorides and hydrocarbonates near the technical objects of the oil field, and also halophilic microorganisms were found. The geoecological map reflects the patterns of technogenic processes in the karst region during oil production. The developed methodological complex of geoecological research can be used in the study of other karst regions.
CULTURAL LANDSCAPES OF PRIKAMYE AND THE URALS (BASED ON THE BOOK OF VASILY NEMIROVICH-DANCHENKO ‘THE KAMA AND THE URALS’)
Authors:   Perm State University, Firsova Anastasija V.
Published: October 2023

The geographical potential of Russian literature, which consists in creating figurative descriptions of localities, is poorly used for the purposes of tourism development. This is partly due to the fact that the method of complex geographical analysis of literary texts is developed by specialists in the field of humanitarian geography. This article provides an example of such an analysis and considers the book by V.I. Nemirovich-Danchenko The Kama and the Urals in four aspects: 1) literary and geographical context of the journey described, which involves a review of the main texts including a description of routes to the Urals and basic information about the region; 2) the concept of the cultural landscape, which makes it possible to distinguish the internal boundaries of the territory and the stages of the journey; 3) geographical images of the four stages; 4) artistic techniques (color, smell, sound) that create a dynamic description of the landscape. The paper shows that Nemirovich-Danchenko’s essays reflect the structural components of various cultural landscapes of the Kama region (Prikamye) and the Urals. The book created geographical images that were further developed by writers of the 20th -21st centuries. The four stages of the route taken by Nemirovich-Danchenko at the end of the 19th century constitute the framework of currently offered cruise, active, cultural and educational tourist routes. The studied book is a valuable source of figurative descriptions that can be used for identifying new attractions, creating routes, filling existing routes with new implications, writing guide texts, and creating excursion texts. The materials of the article can be used to create an atlas-reference book Literary Travels Around Russia, designed to describe the most important literary travels to the Russian North, South, the Urals, and Siberia.
MORPHODYNAMICS OF RIVER VALLEYS OF THE LEFT BANK OF THE ANGARA
Authors:   V.B. Sochava Institute of Geography SB RAS, Opekunova Marina Yu. , Golubtsov Viktor A. ,   V.B. Sochava Institute of Geography SB RAS, Kichigina Natalya V. ,   V.B. Sochava Institute of Geography SB RAS, Vanteeva Yulia V. ,   V.B. Sochava Institute of Geography SB RAS
Published: October 2023

The article presents the results of the first stage of a comprehensive (hydrological, paleogeographic, and landscape-geomorphological) study of the development of river valleys on the left bank of the Angara. An analysis of fluctuations in the maximum runoff performed with the use of difference integral runoff curves, identified six periods of change in water content of the rivers under study according to the maximum annual discharges for the period from the beginning of observations to 2019. Basing on the analysis of the structure and composition of the floodplain alluvium in the foothill and plain areas, the features of the Holocene sedimentation in the valley of the Belaya River were revealed. The existing ideas about the chronology of the formation of the floodplain massifs are presented in detail. Differences in the facies structure of the floodplain deposits in the piedmont and plain parts of the basin reflect the morphodynamics of the floodplain-channel complexes. For the sections of the foothill part of the basin, there is noted a lack of facies of the near-channel shoal. At the same time, the age of the sands of the floodplain facies here is much younger (800–900 years) than in the lower part of the basin (2.5–3.4 thousand years), which indicates the dynamics of the channels in the foothill part. A number of pronounced changes in sedimentation within the studied floodplains (8.8 thousand cal. BP, 3.4 thousand cal. BP) chronologically correlate with regional climatic changes, which may indicate a significant role that climate andclimate-driven changes in fluvial activity played in the formation of floodplains in the study area. The use of evolutionary series of plant communities in floodplain complexes is possible when typing the morphological elements of the valley during the transition from channel to floodplain states. In the future, this approach could serve as a criterion for the identification of overgrowing invariants when comparing valleys of different basins, but under similar morphodynamic conditions.
CLIMATE CHANGES OF HYDROLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE RIVERS OF REPUBLICA SAKHA (YAKUTIA)
Authors:   Russian State Hydrometeorological University, Lobanov Vladimir A. , Grigorieva Alena A. ,   Yakutsk Department of Hydrometeorological Service,   Russian State Hydrometeorological University
Published: October 2023

The paper deals with long-term series of different hydrological characteristics (average annual water discharges, maximum discharges throughout the year, maximum discharges during spring floods and rain floods, spring flood runoff layers, minimum summer and winter water discharges) on the rivers of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and their approximation by models of the non-stationary average (the linear trend and the stepwise change model). It has been found that there are practically no effective non-stationary models for the maximum water discharges, but there are such models for flood layers and for average annual and minimum water discharges, which increased mainly in the late 20th and early 21st centuries due to the possible additional inflow of water from the thawed permafrost. The number of effective non-stationary average models increases from 30% of all cases for flood layers to 50–60% for average annual and minimum summer water discharges, and almost to 100% for minimum winter water discharges. Estimation of the stationarity of the mean values and variances by statistical criteria when dividing the series of stepwise changes by year confirmed the nonstationarity of the mean values for all a priori established nonstationary models and, in some cases, the nonstationarity of the variances. The largest increase in average values up to 100% takes place in the minimum winter water discharges, up to 70–80% – in the minimum summer water discharges, and up to 40–50% – in the average annual water discharges; a change in average values up to 20% cannot be considered statistically significant and reliably determined. Relative to natural variability, the excess is up to 1.5–1.6 standard deviation, but no more. Spatial distributions of the increase in river runoff characteristics in % relative to the previous stationary period and to natural variability are constructed. The greatest increase in the minimum winter water discharge takes place in the northern part of Yakutia. In recent years, water discharges have been observed even on freezing rivers. For the minimum summer and average annual water discharges, the largest increase occurs in the northeast and east.