bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lei maria da penha: análise crítica da categoria gênero nas decisões do TJRS
Authors: De Oliveira Azeredo Caroline Machado
Published: April 2018

O presente trabalho contém resultados parciais de pesquisa empírica realizada no TJRS para identificar os critérios de incidência da Lei 11.340/2006. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar como o conceito de gênero e de violência de gênero é compreendido pelos julgadores, a partir de decisões proferidas pelo TJRS em conflitos de competência e em recursos em sentido estrito, bem como compreender os significados destas decisões. A verificação das decisões judiciais foi efetuada a partir do método de análise de conteúdo. Em todos os casos, o debate está centrado na possibilidade de enquadrar ou não a violência perpetrada contra a mulher na Lei 11.340/2006. Ressalte-se que não há uma direção teórica específica sobre o termo gênero ou o aprofundamento do tema.
Dilemas en la filosofía del derecho de daños
Authors: Leal Virginia de Carvalho , Amado Juan Antonio García
Published: April 2018

En la teoría general y la filosofía del derecho del daño extracontractual son dos las grandes orientaciones en las que podemos encuadrar las doctrinas concurrentes. Una es aquella que cree que esta rama del derecho tiene su sentido, fundamento y razón de ser en una concreta y específica pauta de justicia. La otra gran orientación es la que corresponde a las doctrinas que a menudo se denominan instrumentalistas, en que el daño es nada más que el pretexto o el factor desencadenante para una medida que debe incrementar algún resultado socialmente beneficioso. Ese es el planteamiento del análisis económico del derecho, en la que el fin social en cuestión suele describirse como el de eficiencia, en cuanto maximización de los recursos sociales disponibles.
Pragmatismo, democracia e comunicação em John Dewey: aportes para a democratização da tomada de decisão estatal
Authors: Barroso Ricardo Cavalcante
Published: April 2018

A fundamentação e a conformação das decisões estatais que produzem impacto social não são passíveis de serem adequadamente tratadas exclusivamente com base na avaliação de tecnocratas pautados no conhecimento científico. Exige-se, portanto, abertura democrática e participativa que aproveite o potencial de inteligência do homem comum talhado na realidade social. Dewey propõe que a democracia, como um modo de ser e viver, pressuponha a fé na inteligência do homem comum para responder com bom senso ao livre curso das ideias e fatos.  É pressuposto dessa participação popular permanente e livre a reunião, a investigação e a comunicação. O cidadão é fundamental para o enquadramento do problema sobre o qual o especialista se debruçará. Democracia, para Dewey, é, assim, experiência criativa, interação comunicativa e autodesenvolvimento. O acesso à informação é libertador e inclusivo. A democracia, além de um agir conjunto em sociedade, é, ainda, um direito humano gerador da autodeterminação. Neste sentido, é impositivo que o Estado proporcione por mecanismos comunicacionais e participativos a real influência do povo na tomada de decisão estatal sobre assuntos socialmente relevantes
El gran Luhmann
Authors: Nafarrate Javier Torres
Published: April 2018

Esto texto ha sido producido en homenaje a los vinte años de la publicación del libro sociedad de la sociedad que ocurrió en 2007.
EVALUATION OF LITIGATION PROCESS IN TURKISH CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY FROM EXPERT WITNESSES’ PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Çevikbaş Murat , Köksal Almula
Published: April 2018

A project contains numerous tasks coordinated with associated resources to achieve specific goals. The nature of a project depending on its density of multidisciplinary tasks is considered to be very sophisticated. Therefore, encountering many challenges and risks is probable. When the number of tasks and resources along with their interactions are considered, dispute in a project could be inevitable. In this situation, project parties mostly tend to resolve their disputes through litigation. Nevertheless, in our previous studies, it was detected that 96.1% of the cases were rejected by the Courts of Cassation due to inadequate expert witness, lack of expert witness report, missing review or wrong assessment etc.  Hence, it is thought that examining the actors of litigation process is vital in terms of their qualifications and competency levels. Expert witnessess are inavitable parts of litigation process as they play significant roles in the cases concerning construction. Judges mostly rely on the opinions of expert witnesses for the cases containing technical and specific subjects like construction ralated cases. To investigate the qualifications and competency levels of these actors in detail, semi-structured interviews were made with expert witnesses as a qualitative study. Consequently, via analysing the opinions and advices of the expert witnesses, the lack of knowledge in construction terminology and process have been detected for the concerned judicial actors as well as insufficient qualifications and their levels of competency.
Internet-Based Interventions for Carers of Individuals With Psychiatric Disorders, Neurological Disorders, or Brain Injuries: Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Spencer Lucy , Potterton Rachel , Allen Karina , Musiat Peter , Schmidt Ulrike
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND

Nonprofessional carers who provide support to an individual with a psychiatric or neurological disorder will often themselves experience symptoms of stress, anxiety, or low mood, and they perceive that they receive little support. Internet-based interventions have previously been found to be effective in the prevention and treatment of a range of mental health difficulties in carers.

OBJECTIVE

This review seeks to establish the status of internet-based interventions for informal (nonprofessional) carers of people with psychiatric or neurological disorders by investigating (1) the number and quality of studies evaluating the efficacy or effectiveness of internet-based carer interventions and (2) the impact that such interventions have on carer mental health, as well as (3) how internet-based interventions compare with other intervention types (eg, face-to-face treatment).

METHODS

A systematic literature search was conducted in January 2019 using the EMBASE (1974-present), Ovid MEDLINE (1946-present), PsychARTICLES, PsychINFO (1806-present), and Global Health (1973-present) databases, via the Ovid Technologies database. Search terms included carer, caregiver, online, technology, internet-based, internet, interactive, intervention, and evaluation. Studies selected for inclusion in this review met the following predetermined criteria: (1) delivering an intervention aimed primarily at informal carers, (2) carers supporting individuals with psychiatric disorders, stroke, dementia, or brain injury, (3) the intervention delivered to the carers was primarily internet based, (4) the study reported a pre- and postquantitative measure of carer depression, anxiety, stress, burden, or quality of life, (5) appeared in a peer-reviewed journal, and (6) was accessible in English.

RESULTS

A total of 46 studies were identified for inclusion through the detailed search strategy. The search was conducted, and data were extracted independently by 2 researchers. The majority of studies reported that 1 or more measures relating to carer mental health improved following receipt of a relevant intervention, with interventions for carers of people with traumatic brain injury showing a consistent link with improved outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS

Studies investigating internet-based interventions for carers of individuals with diverse psychiatric or neurological difficulties show some evidence in support of the effectiveness of these interventions. In addition, such interventions are acceptable to carers. Available evidence is of varying quality, and more high-quality trials are needed. Further research should also establish how specific intervention components, such as structure or interactivity, contribute to their overall efficacy with regard to carer mental health.
Midwives’, Obstetricians’, and Recently Delivered Mothers’ Perceptions of Remote Monitoring for Prenatal Care: Retrospective Survey (Preprint)
Authors: Lanssens Dorien , Vandenberk Thijs , Lodewijckx Joy , Peeters Tessa , Storms Valerie , Thijs Inge M , Grieten Lars , Gyselaers Wilfried
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND

The Pregnancy Remote Monitoring (PREMOM) study enrolled pregnant women at increased risk of developing hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and investigated the effect of remote monitoring in addition to their prenatal follow-up.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to investigate the perceptions and experiences of remote monitoring among mothers, midwives, and obstetricians who participated in the PREMOM study.

METHODS

We developed specific questionnaires for the mothers, midwives, and obstetricians addressing 5 domains: (1) prior knowledge and experience of remote monitoring, (2) reactions to abnormal values, (3) privacy, (4) quality and patient safety, and (5) financial aspects. We also questioned the health care providers about which issues they considered important when implementing remote monitoring. We used a 5-point Likert scale to provide objective scores. It was possible to add free-text feedback at every question.

RESULTS

A total of 91 participants completed the questionnaires. The mothers, midwives, and obstetricians reported positive experiences and perceptions of remote monitoring, although most of them had no or little prior experience with this technology. They supported a further rollout of remote monitoring in Belgium. Nearly three-quarters of the mothers (34/47, 72%) did not report any problems with taking the measurements at the required times. Almost half of the mothers (19/47, 40%) wanted to be contacted within 3 to 12 hours after abnormal measurement values, preferably by telephone.

CONCLUSIONS

Although most of midwives and obstetricians had no or very little experience with remote monitoring before enrolling in the PREMOM study, they reported, based on their one-year experience, that remote monitoring was an important component in the follow-up of high-risk pregnancies and would recommend it to their colleagues and pregnant patients.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03246737; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03246737 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/76KVnHSYY)
Experience with the use of a virtual social network on Facebook for Brazilian patients with gestational trophoblastic disease - a netnography study (Preprint)
Authors: Diniz Marisa Victória , Sun Sue Yazaki , Novoa Claudia Galindo , Viggiano Maurício Guilherme Campos , Signorini Filho Roney Cesar , Pimenta Bruna Sanches Ozane , Elias Kevin M , Horowitz Neil S , Braga Antonio , Berkowitz Ross S
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND

Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) encompasses complete and partial moles, uncommon pregnancies with the potential to evolve to a malignant disease, the gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN). While highly curable, the pre-malignant nature of molar pregnancies worries patients, leading them to seek information on the internet. A Facebook page headed by Brazilian specialized physicians in GTD was created in 2013 to provide online support for GTD patients.

OBJECTIVE

To describe the netnography of Brazilian patients with gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) on Facebook® (FBGTD) and to evaluate whether experiences differed whether they received care in a Brazilian trophoblastic disease reference center (BRC) or elsewhere.

METHODS

This was a cross-sectional study using a survey of G Suit Google Platform and a netnographic analysis of interactions among patients with GTD members of FBGTD, invited to answer a survey from March 6th to October 5th, 2017.

RESULTS

The survey was answered by 356 Brazilian GTD patients: 176 reference center patients (RCP) treated at a BRC and 180 non-reference center patients (NRCP) treated elsewhere. Comparing the groups, RCP felt safer and more confident at the time of diagnosis of GTD (P = 0.001), and they utilized FBGTD through referral by health assistants (P < 0.001), whereas NRCP discovered FBGTD on search sites and pages (P < 0.001). NRCP had higher educational level (P = 0.009), were on FBGTD ≥ 6 months (P = 0.026), reported more frequently (P = 0.007) that what most negatively affected them at the time of diagnosis was the fact that doctors did not explain about GTD and had more doubts about GTD treatment (P = 0.013), and were unlikely to use hormonal contraception (P < 0.001). Most patients accessed the internet preferentially from home and using cell phones (89%). Almost all patients (98%) declared that they felt safe reading the guidelines posted by FBGTD physicians.

CONCLUSIONS

This netnographic analysis of GTD patients on FBGTD shows that an online doctor-patient relationship can supplement the care for women with GTD. This resource is particularly valuable for women being cared for outside of established reference centers.
The Use of Virtual Reality in Patients with Eating Disorders: Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Clus Damien , Larsen Mark Erik , Lemey Christophe , Berrouiguet Sofian
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND

Patients with eating disorders are characterized by pathological eating habits and a tendency to overestimate their weight and body shape. Virtual reality shows promise for the evaluation and management of patients with eating disorders. This technology, when accepted by this population, allows immersion in virtual environments, assessment, and therapeutic approaches, by exposing users to high-calorie foods or changes in body shape.

OBJECTIVE

To better understand the value of virtual reality, we conducted a review of the literature, including clinical studies proposing the use of virtual reality for the evaluation and management of patients with eating disorders.

METHODS

We searched PubMed, PsycINFO, ScienceDirect, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science up to April 2017. We created the list of keywords based on two domains: virtual reality and eating disorders. We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses to identify, select, and critically appraise relevant research while minimizing bias.

RESULTS

The initial database searches identified 311 articles, 149 of which we removed as duplicates. We analyzed the resulting set of 26 unique studies that met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 8 studies were randomized controlled trials, 13 were nonrandomized studies, and 5 were clinical trials with only 1 participant. Most articles focused on clinical populations (19/26, 73%), with the remainder reporting case-control studies (7/26, 27%). Most of the studies used visual immersive equipment (16/26, 62%) with a head-mounted display (15/16, 94%). Two main areas of interest emerged from these studies: virtual work on patients’ body image (7/26, 27%) and exposure to virtual food stimuli (10/26, 38%).

CONCLUSIONS

We conducted a broad analysis of studies on the use of virtual reality in patients with eating disorders. This review of the literature showed that virtual reality is an acceptable and promising therapeutic tool for patients with eating disorders.
Implementasi Algoritma PSO Pada Multi Mobile Robot Dalam Penentuan Posisi Target Terdekat
Authors: Priyadana Ikhwannuary Raditya , Ardi Sumbodo Bakhtiar Alldino , Widodo Triyogatama Wahyu
Published: April 2018

Swarm Intelligence is an artificial intelligence developed by adapting the social behavior of a group of animal. In the migratory birds community, it is known that the behavior of the birds during the flight forms a 'V' formation that plays a role in optimizing the bird's energy saving. The basic principle of a swarm intelligence is the existence of collective, decentralized and self-organizing behavior. This is the basis for the development of behavioral algorithms flocking birds called Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO).In this research used three mobile robot as object to implement PSO algorithm. Three pieces of this robot is homogeneous, which is similar hardware and software. A group of these robots will complete the joint mission of defining the robot with the closest distance to the target TPr (robot handler). There are three TPr targets that have to be executed by the robot handler according to their position with the target point to be completed. The test is done by taking odometry data every 250 milisekon and data frame robot communication.At the end of this research, the result of modeling system result of PSO algorithm implementation on mobile robot group to determine the robot closest to the target. The robot system that meets the principles of PSO, namely the process of data sharing and learning process.
ANTIDIABETES ACTIVITIES EXTRACT HEXANE FROM THE PEELS OF ARTOCARPUS CAMANSI BLANCO FRUIT
Authors: Nasution Rosnani , Nur Fitrah Chairani , Helwati Hira , Murniana Murniana , Arifin Bastian , Cutchamzurni Cutchamzurni , Rizal Yose , Marianne Marianne
Published: April 2018

Objective: The purpose of this research is to know the chemical compound from the n-hexane extract of Kulu (Artocarpus camansi Blanco) fruit peels and to know its antidiabetes activity against male Swiss Webster mice.Methods: Samples were macerated with n-hexane solvent, then the extracts were obtained, was characterization with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and then the extract separated by column chromatography. The results obtained were tested by antidiabetes action with glucose tolerance method.Results: Anti-diabetic activity test result showed that the most active sample to decrease the blood glucose of mice was n-hexane crude extract, at minute 90th, activeness was 65.59%, compared to glibenclamide, then group of fraction A, at minute 90th, activeness 65.58% compared glibenclamide, whereas isolate D11, its activity is 60.11% and 60.12%, at minute 60th and 90 min compared to glibenclamide. Concentrated extracts were characterized by GC-MS, shows the major compounds are hexadecanoic acid methyl ester (30.14%), 9,12-octadecadienoyl chloride, (Z, Z) - (8.44%) and 9-octadecenoic acid, methyl ester (30,91%) also were obtained a compound like an β-amyrin acetate.Conclusion: The most active sample to decrease the blood glucose of mice was n-hexane crude extract, and the major compounds are hexadecanoic acid methyl ester (30.14%), 9,12-octadecadienoyl chloride, (Z, Z) - (8.44%) and 9-octadecenoic acid, methyl ester (30.91%).
COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS OF COUNSELING IN THERAPY FOR OUTPATIENTS WITH HYPERTENSION
Authors: Ramadhani Diah , Harahap Urip , Nasution Azizah
Published: April 2018

Objectives: To determine the effect of counseling on effectiveness and cost of the treatment for outpatient with primary hypertension (HTN) in Cut Meutia Hospital, Indonesia.Methods: This 6-month prospective quasi-experimental study was undertaken to analyze the impact of counseling toward cost and effectiveness in the treatment in patients with primary HTN and evaluation of each month at Cut Meutia Hospital, Indonesia. The study sample consisted of 22 patients for each group. A cost analysis was conducted from the perspective of the health-care providers. The cost in the treatment of both groups was analyzed by calculating the cost-effectiveness ratio (CER) and incremental CER (ICER).Results: Most of the patients with HTN (54.55%) were males with ages ranging from 35 to 64 years old (77.27%). Patients who achieved a blood pressure <140/90 mmHg on HTN treatment: With counseling, 77.27%; without counseling, 18.18%. CER for HTN treatment with and without counseling were Rp 1,756,117,86 and Rp 6,704,247,91, respectively. The ICER was Rp 233,745.13.Conclusion: Treatment of HTN with counseling was more cost-effective than without counseling.
THE PHARMACIST’S ASSESSMENT ON PATIENTS WHO CONSUME SUPPLEMENTS AND HERBAL WHILE UNDERGOING WARFARIN THERAPY
Authors: Djunaedi Mochamad , Azhar Syed Sulaiman Syed
Published: April 2018

Objective: The supplements and herbal medicines used should be monitored in a patient taking warfarin, to achieve the goal of warfarin anticoagulation. This study aims to evaluate the impacts of the supplement and the herbs used on the performance of anticoagulation.Methods: There were 214 eligible patients for having CHADS2 score >2 registered at warfarin-medication therapy adherence clinic coordinated by Cardiac Hospitals in Malaysia in 2012 included for this study. They have been assessed using a trained pharmacist regarding the safety and efficacy of warfarin as per guideline. Results: Supplements and herbs are commonly used by the patient (61.2%) who is taking warfarin. Some patients (23%) have decided not to use or stop using it after being consulted by the pharmacist. Some are even starting to use it (37%). Effects of supplements and herbal medicines were found to decrease in the International normalized ratio (INR) reading as 33%, increasing in 37% the INR reading. Further, pharmacist action is to do a dose adjustment to reach INR in the therapeutic range 2.0–3.0. Supplements consumed as categorized as phytomedicine-containing herbs, such as Omega3 and glucosamine. Whereas herbs used as beetle leaves and the product of extracted herbs, for example, Gingko biloba, Cordyceps, etc. Conclusion: Monitoring by pharmacist is needed to achieve the goal of warfarin as well as to minimize the INR out of therapeutic. The use of herbal and supplement is found to be a factor contributes to the performance of anticoagulation control which has been successfully achieved 71.2%.
ANTI DIARRHEA EFFECT OF ETHANOL EXTRACT KECAPI BARK (SANDORICUM KOETJAPE MERR) ON MALE GUINEA PIG INDUCED WITH CASTOR OIL AND BACTERIA ESCHERICHIA COLI
Authors: Diansari Eva , Suwarso Edy , Dalimunthe Aminah
Published: April 2018

Objective: Kecapi bark (Sandoricum koetjape Merr.) is a plant of the Meliaceae family that is often used by people to treat diarrhea and abdominal pain. This study aims to determine the effects of antidiarrheal from the ethanol extract of the Kecapi stem bark on induced with castor oil and bacteria Escherichia coli.Methods: Before the in vivo on male guinea pig test was switched first, then 10 ml of castor oil was induced and 7.7 ml of E. coli male guinea pig was induced, then each male guinea was given a variation of dose ethanol extract kecapi stem bark and loperamide as the comparison. Parameters measured in this study were the start time of diarrhea, consistency of feces, frequency, and duration of diarrhea.Result: The results obtained showed that ethanol extract of kecapi bark antidiarrheal effect on guinea pigs induced castor oil (dose of 800 mg/kg body weight) and E. coli.Conclusion: Ethanol extract of Kecapi bark has an activity of antidiarrheal..
IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF THE ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF JALOH (SALIX TETRASPERMA ROXB.) LEAVES AGAINST STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS AND PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA
Authors: Wahyuni Fitrah , Harahap Urip , Masfria Masfria
Published: April 2018

Objective: This study aims to determine antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract of jaloh (Salix tetrasperma Roxb.) leaves against Staphylococcus aureus (SA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA).Methods: Extract was obtained by maceration method of jaloh (S. tetrasperma Roxb.) leaves dried powder with 96% ethanol as solvent. The antibacterial activities of extract were tested by Kirby–Bauer method against SA and PA. Data were analyzed statistically using Kruskal–Wallis test for significant difference level p<0.05.Results: Based on the regression test, the equation of regression curve of extract antibacterial activity on SA and PA, respectively, was y=350.456x-229.579 and y=331.866x-272.069. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of SA and PA from the equation of regression curve, respectively, were 4.5193 and 6.6039 mg/mL.Conclusion: Based on the MIC value, ethanolic jaloh leaves extract had a weak antibacterial activity against SA and PA.
NEPHROPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF CURCUMA MANGGA VAL. IN PARACETAMOL-INDUCED MALE MICE
Authors: Rosita Rosita , Yuandani Yuandani , Marianne Marianne
Published: April 2018

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate nephroprotective activity of Curcuma mangga in paracetamol-induced male mice.Methods: Male mice were divided into several groups including normal control, negative, positive, and treatment groups. Treatment groups were orally administered with C. mangga extract at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg bw for 7 days. On day 7after 1 h of treatment, the mice were induced with paracetamol 1.05 g/kg bw. Serum creatinine level measurement and histopathotlogy study were performed at the end of experiment.Results: C. mangga extract was able to inhibit the increase of creatinine level and showed a significantly different from negative control (p<0.05) and did not different significantly from positive control (p>0.05). The result was supported by histopathology examination which did not show any cell damage. The nephroprotective effect of C. mangga was in a dose-dependent manner. C. mangga extract at dose of 400 mg/kg bw depicted the strongest nephroprotective effect.Conclusion: C. mangga extract was able to protect mice kidney induced by paracetamol.
MODIFICATED EXTRACTION AND PURITY TEST OF ARENGA PINNATA GUM
Authors: Kaban Jamaran , Reveny Julia , Tarigan Juliati , Zebua Nilsya Febrika
Published: April 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study is modificated extraction method to obtain gum from Arenga pinnata Merr. and their purity test.Methods: Gum has been extracted from palm seed using distilled water by centrifugation and warming. Characterization of gum was done by scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersivse X-ray and spectrophotometer infrared. Gum refluxed with HCl 2 N for 14 h would be the monomer. Galactose and mannose were used as standard. Purity test was done by the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and Luff Schoorl method.Results: The study results obtained that the modification methods (4.8%) and centrifugation (4.6%). Identification of functional groups with the spectrophotometer infrared provided the same spectrum forms between the two methods. Purity test by TLC with the best eluen butanol: ethanol:water 2:2:2. Luff Schoorl’s method gives results of 87.46%, whereas the raw comparison galactose-mannose standard 96.69%.Conclusions: The modification method gives more results with the same purity rate as the centrifugation method.
CYTOTOXICITY ACTIVITY OF PICRIA FEL-TERRAE LOUR. HERBS AGAINST 4T1 AND MCF-7 BREAST CANCER CELLS
Authors: Harahap Urip , Hasibuan Poppy Anjelisa Zaitun , Sitorus Panal , Satria Denny
Published: April 2018

Objective: This study was carried out to investigate the cytotoxic activity toward 4T1 and MCF-7 cell lines of Picria fel-terrae Lour. herb fractions.Methods: P. fel-terrae Lour. herb powder was extracted by maceration method with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol solvent. In vitro study was using MTT method toward 4T1 and MCF-7 cell lines.Results: The inhibitory concentration 50% was 234.10 ± 7.85, 50.49 ± 1.07, and 212.53 ± 7.55 μg/mL for 4T1 and 84.62 ± 1.44, 56.79 ± 0.22, and 235.51 ± 4.77 μg/mL for MCF-7 cell lines, respectively.Conclusion: The results reveal that P. fel-terrae Lour. herb fractions provide effective as anticancer. Our further study is to assess the mechanism of ethyl acetate fraction in inhibit angiogenesis and metastatic in breast cancer.
THE ROLE OF GENETIC VARIATION SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM T45G AND SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM G276T OF THE ADIPONECTIN GENE IN FATTY LIVER PATHOMECHANISM ON OBESE MALE SUBJECT
Authors: A Sulaeman , S Wahid , A Sulaiman , Sg Lawrence
Published: April 2018

Objective: The aim of this study was to observe the role of genetic variation T45G and G276T of adiponectin gene in pathomechanism of fatty liver on obese subjects.Methods: An observational study with case–control design was conducted on 94 obese male subjects (50 subjects are obese male with fatty liver and 44 subjects are obese male without fatty liver). The research is taken place in Prodia Clinical Laboratory Makassar to determine genetic variation single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) T45G (Genotype TT, thyroglobulin [TG], and GG) and SNP G276T (Genotype GG, GT, and TT) of adiponectin gene, technique of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was used. The level of adiponectin, soluble tumor necrosis factor-α receptor 2 (sTNF-αR2), and insulin serum were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method, meanwhile, fatty liver was detected by ultrasonography.Results: The result of the study showed genetic variation, T45G of adiponectin gene was genotype TT 62.8 %, genotype TG 30.9%, and genotype GG 6.3%; meanwhile, genetic variation G276T of adiponectin gene was genotype GG 43.6%, genotype GT 38.3 %, and genotype TT 18.1 %. There was no significant correlation of genetic variation T45G as well as G276T of adiponectin gene, to the level of adiponectin serum (>0.05). Insulin resistance was more frequent on genotype TT genetic variation T45G of adiponectin gene as compare to that on TG+GG (p=0.069). Genotype TT on genetic variation T45G of adiponectin gene was significant correlated with fatty liver (p=0.010). Genotype TG+TT on genetic variation G276T of adiponectin gene was more likely to have insulin resistance and fatty liver than that of genotype GG. Allele T carrier on genetic variation T45G and G276T of adiponectin gene had a higher chance to have insulin resistance and fatty liver as compare to that of allele G carrier. The odds ratio of having fatty liver insulin resistance is 5.3, genotype TT on genetic variation T45G of adiponectin gene is 3.8, low level of adiponectin is 3.4, and high level of sTNF-αR2 is 3.3.Conclusion: Genotype TT on genetic variation T45G of adiponectin gene has a role in fatty liver on obese subjects. Genotype TG+TT on genetic variation G276T of adiponectin gene was more high frequent to have fatty liver compare to that on genotype GG. Allele T carrier on genetic variation T45G of adiponectin gene had higher frequency on the occurrence of insulin resistance than that on allele G carrier. Insulin resistance has the highest influence as compare to genotype TT on genetic variation T45G of adiponectin gene, low level of adiponectin serum, high level of sTNF-αR2 serum in the pathomechanism of fatty liver in obese subjects.
Formulasi Sediaan Krim Ekstrak Etanol Daun Puding Hitam (Graptophyllum Pictum (L.) Griff)
Authors: Elmitra Elmitra , Rikomah Setya Enti
Published: April 2018

Daun puding hitam (Graftophyllum pictum (L.) Griff) oleh masyarakat dimanfaatkan untuk pengobatan antiinflamasi, obat luka dan bisul. Penggunaan daun puding hitam sebagai obat luar masih sangat sederhana dengan cara menghaluskan daun puding hitam dengan air secukupnya kemudian dioleskan sehingga memerlukan waktu untuk membuatnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat ekstrak etanol daun puding hitam dalam bentuk krim sehingga memudahkan dalam penggunaannya. Pembuatan ekstrak dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan etanol 70%. Ekstrak etanol daun puding hitam dilakukan evaluasi ekstrak meliputi organoleptis, pH, Kelarutan, kadar abu dan uji flavonoid. Ekstrak kemudian diformulasi menjadi krim dengan konsentrasi 10%, 15% dan 20% dan dievaluasi selama 3 minggu meliputi sifat fisiknya meliputi warna, bau, konsistensi, pH, homogenitas dan daya sebar. Data yang diperoleh dari uji pH dan daya sebar dianalisis secara statistik dengan ANOVA One way. Hasil uji pH didapat nilai sig 0.000 (<0.05) yang menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi ekstrak mempengaruhi pH sediaan krim. pH pada penyimpanan stabil dengan nilai sig 0.994 (>0.05). Konsentrasi ekstrak tidak mempengaruhi daya sebar dengan nilai sig 0.910 (>0.05), tetapi mempengaruhi warna. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi ekstrak semakin pekat warna krim. Krim bersifat homogen, pH 5-6 dan tidak mengiritasi kulit pada 10 orang panelis, tetapi tidak memenuhi syarat daya sebar yang baik.
Leaves of puding hitam (Graftophyllum pictum (L.) Griff) is used by the people as anti-inflammatory treatment, cure wounds and ulcers. The us of leaves puding hitam as external medicine is very simply by mixed puding hitam leaves with water then it can be applied but it takes a time to make it. This reseach objective make ethanol extract of puding hitam as a cream so it more easy in using. Making extraction is done by maceration method us ethanol 70%. The ethanol extract of leaves puding hitam is evaluatid includes extracts organoleptic, pH, solubility, ash content and flavonoid test. Then it’s formulated into a cream with 10%, 15% and 20% concentration. The evaluated is done in three weeks include physical properties color, odor, consistency, pH, homogeneity and dispersive power. This data is obtained from the scatter pH test and statistically analyzed by ANOVA One way. The pH test results obtained sig 0.000 (< 0.05), indicating that the concentration of the extract affects the pH of the cream preparations. pH stable on storage with sig 0.994 (> 0.05). The extract concentration did not affect the scatter with sig 0.910 (>0.05), but it can more affects of the color. The higher concentration of extract will be more dark to cream color. Cream is homogeneous, pH 5-6 and does not irritate the skin at the 10 panelists, but did not qualify good dispersive power.
Ekstrak Biji Mahoni (Swietenia Mahogany (L.)Jacq) Untuk Pembuatan Obat Anti Nyamuk Elektrik
Authors: Yanti Yuska Novi , Hepiyansori Hepiyansori
Published: April 2018

Indonesia daerah tropis yang baik untuk perkembangan jenis nyamuk sehingga membahayakan kesehatan. Indonesia kaya tanaman tradisional untuk  pengobatan. Salah Satunya Mahoni (Swietenia mahogany (L.)Jacq) pada bagian biji yang digunakan masyarakat untuk pengobatan malaria, diabetes, dan darah tinggi. Kandungan pada biji Mahoni yaitu saponin dan flavanoid dapat digunakan sebagai sediaan obat anti nyamuk. Sampel penelitian ini adalah biji mahoni yang diambil dari Taman Remaja Kota Bengkulu lalu di maserasi menggunakan pelarut metanol p.a dan etanol 96% selanjutnya ekstrak dibuat menjadi 3 konsentrasi ekstrak yaitu 1%, 3% dan 5%. Kemudian dibuat keping anti nyamuk dan di buat obat anti nyamuknya, dilanjutkan dengan pengujian evalusi ekstrak meliputi uji organoleptis, uji kadar abu dan uji rendemen kemudian pengujian evalusi sediaan yang meliputi uji organoleptis, uji keping anti nyamuk dan uji ketahanan sediaan. Hasil penelitian didapatkan, ekstrak metanol biji mahoni dapat mempengaruhi sifat fisik sediaan keping nyamuk, Ekstrak biji mahoni berwarna coklat sampai kemerahan, memiliki bau khas (aroma kacang tanah), konsistensi cukup padat sedikit berminyak dan berasa pahit. Uji parameter standar menghasilkan data untuk rendemen sebesar 0,8235% untuk metanol dan 0,6747% untuk etanol, kadar abu untuk metanol 1,249% dan untuk etanol 1,022%. sehingga ekstrak metanol biji mahoni dapat dibuat menjadi sediaan keping anti nyamuk.

Indonesia tropical region places the development  some mosquitoes that endanger health. Indonesia traditional crops can used for treatment. Mahoni (Swietenia mahogany (L.)Jacq)  a plant which usually treatment. Especially   part of the seed malaria drugs, diabetes and high blood pseasure.That in the seeds of mahoni there is saponin and flavonid can be used as a mosquito repellent. The sample this research is seeds mahoni taken from the Remaja Bengkulu Pares. Processed  maserasi with methanol solvent p.a and ethanol 96% next methanol made to 3 concentration an extract that 1%, 3% and 5%. Created pieces of mosquito repellent and mosquito repellent that followed terts the evaluation of extract. covers organoleptis, ash content and rendemen and testing performed and evaluation dosage, includes organoleptis, pieces  mosquito repellent and dosage resutance.Result experiment is extract methanol seeds mahoni 82,35 gram and extract ethanol seeds mahoni 67,47 gram. Extract colored from dark brown to reddish, have peanut like aroma, adequate compact consistency, bitter taste and not sticky in hand. The result of standard quality parameters rendemen extract methanol 0,8235% and rendemen extract ethanol 0,6747%, ash content extract methanol 1,247% and ash content extract ethanol 1,022%. so that the extract of methanol mahogany seeds can  made into anti-mosquito
Penambahan Logam Pengotor (Au) Terhadap Karaktersitik Mercury (Hg)
Authors: Octavia Silvi , Ulfah Maria
Published: April 2018

Merkuri (Hg) digunakan sebagai bahan untuk mengikat emas pada pertambangan emas.  Emas yang terikat pada merkuri kemudian dipisahkan dengan jalan penyaringan dan pemanasan.  Kehadiran emas atau bahan pengotor lainnya dalam merkuri dapat menyebabkan perubahan karakteristik merkuri tersebut. Karakteristik merkuri ini identik dengan nilai densitas merkuri.  Dimana, densitas merkuri murni adalah 13,6 gr/cm3. Nilai densitas akan mempengaruhi nilai jual merkuri. Beberapa pasar menghendaki  densitas yang lebih tinggi dari densitas merkuri murni. Untuk itu dilakukan penelitian efektifitas penambahan logam pengotor berupa emas terhadap kenaikkan nilai densitas merkuri dan kelarutan emas dalam merkuri yang tidak dapat dipisahkan hanya dengan pemanasan. Persamaan yang digunakan untuk menghitung jumlah emas yang akan ditambahkan untuk menaikkan densitas merkuri (pada suhu kamar = 270C)  adalah y=0,022x + 13,722. Dimana y adalah densitas merkuri dan x adalah jumlah penambahan emas. Nilai kelarutan emas didalam merkuri adalah 0,03 gr/ml.
Calidad percibida de la atención en salud en una red pública del municipio de Pasto, Colombia
Authors: Yépez-Chamorro María Clara , Ricaurte-Cepeda Melissa , Jurado Daniel Marcelo
Published: April 2018

Introducción: Las percepciones de los usuarios frente a los servicios de salud son indicadores indispensables de calidad sobre procesos de atención sanitaria. Objetivo: Conocer las percepciones de los usuarios de una red pública del municipio de Pasto, Colombia frente a la calidad de los servicios de salud del primer nivel de atención. Materiales y métodos: Investigación cualitativa con enfoque histórico hermenéutico con 28 participantes, usuarios de centros de atención rurales y urbanos. Las técnicas de recolección de información desarrolladas fueron entrevistas semiestructuradas y un grupo focal. El proceso investigativo abordó las dimensiones: confianza, fiabilidad, responsabilidad, capacidad de respuesta y tangibilidad. Resultados: En las dimensiones se identificaron como limitantes en la calidad, dificultades de acceso por aspectos administrativos y geográficos, problemas en la oportunidad en la atención especializada, fallas en la referencia y contra referencia y la necesidad de generar mejoras en la infraestructura de las IPS. Se reconoció que el buen trato del personal asistencial es un aspecto que incide de manera positiva en la percepción de la calidad. Conclusiones: Mejorar la calidad de los servicios sanitarios, requiere reconocer a los usuarios como el centro de la atención, con miras a la integralidad, continuidad, eficacia, eficiencia y la equidad de los servicios, bajo el imperante fundamental de la garantía y protección del derecho a la salud y a la vida digna de los pacientes.
A Prática da Avaliação como Instrumento de Colaboração e Autoria dos Discentes
Authors: Leite Lígia Silva , Vilarinho Lúcia Regina Goulart , Monteiro Cláudia Correia do Rêgo , Bezerra Leonardo Ferreira , Ribeiro Luciana Snaider
Published: April 2018

Este artigo aborda uma experiência desenvolvida no Mestrado Profissional em Avaliação, da Faculdade Cesgranrio, com mestrandos que cursaram a disciplina Prática de Avaliação, vinculada ao projeto de pesquisa ‘O estado da Arte da Avaliação”. Nesta experiência, os discentes levantaram artigos voltados para um tema comum, no caso – construção e validação de instrumentos de avaliação, realizaram uma leitura crítica dos artigos e apresentaram um parecer crítico sobre esses materiais. A experiência ensejou trabalho colaborativo e autoria. As docentes, orientadoras da pesquisa, consideraram relevante expor as conquistas desses mestrandos.
Valorisation, Personality Cult and the Militarisation of Nation State Under a Civilian Ruler in Zimbabwe: a Public-Private Media Gaze
Authors: Nyanda Josiah
Published: April 2018

Using the public-private media gaze, this paper explores how thirty-six years of Robert Mugabe’s rule have culminated in the militarization of nation-state under a civilian ruler. I argue that the civil-military relations in Zimbabwe – at least from the perspective of the public and private media – have had the consequent effect of cult of personality and valorization of Robert Mugabe as the only leader suitable to rule Zimbabwe. Even in the face of waning popularity, the military and police have ensured that Mugabe continues to hold on to the highest office in Zimbabwean politics.  I further posit that post-independence Zimbabwean politics has seen both the military and police overtly and covertly meddling in national politics to the extent of making a farce of elections in Zimbabwe.  Keywords Valorisation; personality cult; militarization; nation-state, civilian ruler; public-private media VALORIZAÇÃO, CULTO À PERSONALIDADE E A MILITARIZAÇÃO DO ESTADO-NAÇÃO SOB UM GOVERNANTE CIVIL NO ZIMBABUÉ: olhar uma mídia público-privado.Resumo Usando o olhar de mídia público-privado, este documento explora como trinta e seis anos de governo de Mugabe tem culminou com a militarização do estado-nação sob um governante civil. Defendo que as relações civis-militares no Zimbabué – pelo menos do ponto de vista dos meios de comunicação públicos e privados – tiveram o efeito consequente de culto da personalidade e a valorização de Robert Mugabe como o único líder adequado à regra Zimbabwe. Mesmo diante da popularidade minguante, as forças armadas e Polícia garantiram que Mugabe continua a manter o mais alto cargo na política do Zimbabué.  Eu ainda afirmo que após a independência política do Zimbabué tem visto ambos os militares e policiais abertamente e secretamente se intrometer na política nacional, a ponto de fazer uma farsa das eleições no Zimbábue.Palavras-chave valorização; culto à personalidade; militarização; Estado-nação, governante civil; público-privadas mídia
CONSTITUIÇÃO, SITUAÇÃO E DINÂMICA DE ARRANJOS PRODUTIVOS LOCAIS: O CASO DO APL DE AÇAÍ NA REGIÃO DO GRÃO-PARÁ (2002 A 2010)
Authors: Costa Francisco De Assis , Fernandes Danilo Araújo , Crispim Cleidianne Novais Sousa
Published: April 2018

Comparando resultados de três pesquisas relativas aos anos de 2002, 2007 e 2010, o artigo analisa a dinâmica de crescimento do arranjo produtivo local de frutas do nordeste paraense. Lançando mão da noção cunhada pela Escola Francesa da Regulação, de regime de crescimento, os principais resultados são que o regime de produtividade do aglomerado tem garantido rendimentos crescentes de escala, com contribuições de inovação e cooperação. Trata-se, porém, de dinâmica de crescimento com condicionalidades associadas a uma taxa média de lucro decrescente. Assim sendo o regime de demanda se conformou de modo que pressões de baixa sobre os preços dos produtos finais se combinam com elevação dos preços das matérias-primas fundamentais das empresas industriais do APL. A isso, soma-se um regime institucional que favorece a crise que atinge muitas empresas do arranjo, exigindo providências que são alinhavadas nas considerações finais.
EXPORTAÇÕES POR INTENSIDADE TECNOLÓGICA DOS ESTADOS BRASILEIROS E SUA IMPORTÂNCIA NO CRESCIMENTO ECONÔMICO
Authors: Ahuaji Filho Marco Aurelio Sigismondi , Raiher Augusta Pelinski
Published: April 2018

O presente trabalho procurou analisar a importância da composição das exportações dos estados brasileiros para o crescimento econômico no período de 1989 a 2011. Com dados do site ALICEWeb, classificaram-se as exportações em níveis tecnológicos. Na sequência, utilizaram-se painéis dinâmicos (GMM – System) para identificar o efeito das exportações – total e por níveis tecnológicos – sobre o crescimento econômico. Como corolário, observou-se que as exportações em seus diversos segmentos se elevaram nos últimos anos, porém, continuam pautadas em setores menos intensivos em tecnologia. Em especial, constatou-se a importância das exportações no crescimento econômico, gerando efeitos de externalidades (no período  e ), especialmente das exportações mais intensivas em tecnologia.
ORDEN INTERNO Y POLÍTICA EXTERIOR ARGENTINA: LA CUESTIÓN DE LOS BIOCOMBUSTIBLES
Authors: Lorenzo Cristian
Published: April 2018

The domestic political support was one of the main grounds of Argentina´s foreign policy to Latin America in biofuels, during Néstor Kirchner (2003-2007) and Cristina Fernández´s (2007-2011) governments.
GRANDE ESTRATÉGIA: POLÍTICA EXTERNA E DEFESA EM UM MUNDO EM TRANSFORMAÇÃO
Authors: Amorim Celso
Published: April 2018

In the last years of the twentieth century, after the end of the Cold War, the world has evolved into a mixed structure, which preserves the characteristics of unipolarity at the same time that approaches to a multipolar world in some ways. In an international reality marked by its fluid nature, the emergence of new actors and the so-called "asymmetric threats" has not eliminated the former agents in the world order. And the conflict between the States has not disappeared from the horizon. In this context, diplomacy must have the permanent support of defense policy. Therefore, in the Brazilian case, the paper presents that the country should adopt a grand strategy that combines foreign policy and defense policy, in which soft power will be enhanced by hard power.
FREQUÊNCIA DE USO DE ÍTEM E INTELIGIBILIDADE DO INGLÊS COMO LÍNGUA FRANCA
Authors: Becker Marcia Regina , Kluge Denise Cristina
Published: April 2018

A expressão latina que tem sido usada e considerada como a melhor para nomear o inglês do novo milênio é “inglês como língua franca”, ELF, cujo objetivo principal é ser mutuamente inteligível entre seus falantes de diferentes nacionalidades. Este artigo apresenta resultados de estudos de percepção de inteligibilidade, em que falantes de inglês de quatro diferentes nacionalidades - alemães, americanos, chineses e japoneses - produziram os estímulos que foram percebidos por brasileiros, falantes de português e que também falam inglês. Concluiu-se que, para os ouvintes brasileiros, a inteligibilidade de alemães, americanos e chineses foi acima de 75% e é independente de sua língua materna, e o grupo de japoneses apresentou os índices mais baixos. Aspectos relacionados à frequência de uso de item, cuja análise foi feita à luz da Fonologia de Uso e da Teoria dos Exemplares, pareceram ter tido um papel determinante na inteligibilidade: palavras pouco frequentes foram também pouco inteligíveis.
CULTURA CARMELITA EM AÇÃO: A CONSTRUÇÃO DA ORIGEM ELIANA DA ORDEM DE NOSSA SENHORA DO CARMO
Authors: Honor André Cabral
Published: April 2018

O presente artigo busca analisar a origem eliana da Ordem Primeira de Nossa Senhora do Carmo através da perspectiva da História Cultural, formulando-se, para isso, o conceito de cultura histórica carmelita. A análise utilizou como fontes primárias as principais crônicas carmelitas que narram a história da Ordem, que sempre principiam com a presença do profeta Elias na Terra, seja narrando sua história desde o seu nascimento ou tomando como ponto de partida o seu ciclo bíblico. Fruto de extrema controvérsia, a origem eliana possui papel fundamental dentro da Ordem Carmelita ao proporcionar à congregação a primazia da antiguidade entre o clero regular conectando a presença do profeta no Monte Carmelo ao surgimento da devoção à Nossa Senhora do Carmo.