bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analyze the impact of factors on Vietnam banks’ net interest margin: A panel data approach
Authors: Son Nguyen Ngoc
Published: January 2024

This study deals with the impact of Vietnam bank size, loans, credit risk, and liquidity on Vietnam banks’ net interest margin, which are crucial for economic development. High profit margins result in a lower bad debt ratio due to timely loan collection and good liquidity. This study applies a panel data model to evaluate the relationship among bank size, loans, credit risk, liquidity, and marginal profitability, which are increasingly important in commercial bank growth. Data were collected from 2010 to 2022, and test methods were applied to select a good-fit model. Realizing that the factors that have a close correlation and affect the profit margin are 33.6% and 16.07%, 75.2%, 37.51%, 64.30%, and 41.11%, and R2 is 59.04%, respectively, this suggests that financial managers need to develop appropriate strategies and policies to adjust the factors that adversely affect commercial bank profitability.
RANCANG BANGUN APLIKASI ARISAN ONLINE DENGAN SMART CONTRACT UNTUK MEMINIMALISIR RESIKO PENIPUAN
Authors: Lintin Yosep Tara , Aditya Widhiatama Ngakan Putu , Purnama Fajar , Shandyasa I Wayan , Sukadarmika Gede , Gede Manuaba Ida Bagus , Oka Widyantara I Made , Juliawan Pawana I Wayan Adi
Published: January 2024

Arisan is an activity that is usually carried out by housewives where each member will donate money and at each meeting there will be a lottery to hand over the money that has been collected to one of the lucky members. Usually, arisan is done regularly and offline. However, since the pandemic in 2020, many people have started doing arisan online. With the rise of arisan online activities, there are many cases of fraud with a large amount of loss and of course it cannot be ignored. Based on these problems, a platform is needed to conduct arisan online that can prevent fraud cases. This container will be made in the form of a decentralized application by utilizing blockchain technology in this case this article utilizes smart contracts on the Binance Smart Chain to ensure that after this application is published, no party will be able to make changes to the data or functions of this application to minimize frauds.
PERANCANGAN PLTS ON GRID SEBAGAI SISTEM CATU DAYA KAWASAN JATILUWIH
Authors: Dimas Dimas , I Nyoman Satya Kumara I Nyoman Satya Kumara , Sukerayasa I Wayan
Published: January 2024

Jatiluwih is a tourist village that was declared by UNESCO as one of the locations of world cultural heritage in 2012. Being recognized as a World Heritage Site, the Jatiluwih Area is not allowed to undergo any development that could damage the area's image. To support Jatiluwih as a green and sustainable area, this study proposes the installation of Grid-Connected Solar Photovoltaic Systems (PLTS) on rooftops to serve as the power supply system for the area. The objective of this study is to assess the rooftop solar power plant's capability and its energy production to meet the energy needs in the Jatiluwih WBD Area.Based on the survey, there are 45 buildings to support tourism activities in the Jatiluwih WBD Area, with a total daily energy requirement of 225.37 kWh. According to the established criteria, five buildings meet the requirements for installing rooftop PLTS. In the design of the rooftop PLTS, two scenarios are used: the load requirement scenario and the roof area scenario. The research results indicate that the installed rooftop PLTS capacity based on the load requirement for the Dukuh Baturan Villa, Warung Dhea, and Bhuana Agung Restaurant buildings is 2.05 kWp, for the Restoran Iga Lawar building is 2.46 kWp, and for the Teras Subak Homestay building is 1.2 kWp. Based on the roof area, the Dukuh Baturan Villa building has a capacity of 9.8 kWp, Teras Subak Homestay has 23.4 kWp, Warung Dhea has 10.6 kWp, Restoran Iga Lawar has 16 kWp, and Bhuana Agung Restaurant has 6.5 kWp.The rooftop PLTS system on these five buildings in Jatiluwih, using the roof area scenario, can generate an energy output of 270.35 kWh/day, thereby fulfilling the energy requirements of the 45 buildings.
ANALISIS VARIASI TRANSMISI GEAR TERHADAP OUTPUT DAYA LISTRIK PADA PROTOTYPE PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA PIKOHIDRO MENGGUNAKAN TURBIN TURGO
Authors: Hary Putra Darma I Nyoman , Budiastra I Nyoman , Arta Wijaya I Wayan
Published: January 2024

The design of the Picohydro Power Plant at the Kanto Lampo Waterfall tour was carried out to meet the electricity demand in the form of lighting in the area. Based on a survey that has been conducted, the access road from the parking lot to the waterfall is about 150 meters away and does not yet have adequate lighting. The waterfall has a height of 15 meters, so the design of the PLTPH prototype will use a turgo turbine to maximize the power output of the generator which is distributed to the lighting. This research was conducted to determine the effect of gear variations on rotational speed, torque, voltage, current and power produced by the PLTPH prototype. The test method used is direct testing on the prototype. The data obtained, then graphed the influence of gear variations with the parameters tested. All parameters tested get the highest rotation results by using 2 nozzles of 752.2 rpm. In the gear transmission test the highest output results were obtained at a ratio of 4:1 and the power generated was 48.70 watts.
KOMPRESI CITRA BERBASIS MULTI-LEVEL THRESHOLDING MENGGUNAKAN DIFFERENTIAL EVOLUTION
Authors: Arda Narendra I Gusti Lanang , Putu Krisna Adi I Gusti Ngurah , Christanto Nadeak Yobel , Oka Widyantara I Made , Wiharta Dewa Made
Published: January 2024

Compression in image data needs to be done to manage storage space efficiently. In this study, image compression is performed using the Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm as an approach to achieve an optimal threshold for pixel clustering in images. The performance of this image compression method is evaluated based on the Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Structural Similarity Index Measure (SSIM) parameters. The PSNR of DE image compression ranges from 27 dB to 40 dB with threshold levels between 10 to 40. Meanwhile, the SSIM ranges from 0.83 to 0.97 at threshold levels of 10 to 40. The PSNR and SSIM of DE image compression are both at a good level, resulting in compressed image visuals that closely resemble the original image as the threshold levels increase.
Validitas dan Reliabilitas Kuesioner Kebiasaan Menonton Mukbang
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad , Salsabila Sakinah
Published: January 2024

Latar Belakang: Mukbang merupakan sebuah siaran makan yang menampilkan berbagai macam makanan yang menggugah selera dalam jumlah banyak. Pada pembuatan kuesioner kebiasaan menonton mukbang ini, diperlukan adanya uji validitas dan reliabilitas. Tujuan: Menyiapkan sebuah kuesioner baku yang valid dan reliabel untuk digunakan sebagai alat untuk mengukur kebiasaan menonton mukbang. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik kuantitatif. Subjek yang digunakan berjumlah 65 mahasiswi Politeknik Negeri Jember yang diperoleh secara Convenience Sampling. Uji validitas dilakukan menggunakan metode Pearson Product Moment Correlation, sedangkan uji reliabilitas menggunakan metode Cronbach’s Alpha. Hasil: Pada kuesioner kebiasaan mukbang terdapat 13 item pernyataan yang telah valid dimana nilai rhitung lebih besar daripada rtabel yang memiliki nilai 0,244. Uji reliabilitas kuesioner menunjukan nilai Cronbach’s Alpha yakni sebesar 0,862 yang berarti kuesioner ini sangat reliabel. Simpulan: Kuesioner kebiasaan menonton mukbang telah valid dan sangat reliabel untuk digunakan dalam mengukur kebiasaan menonton mukbang.
Risiko Obesitas pada Anak Akibat Konsumsi Fast Food dan Junk Food: Literature Review
Authors: Qurrotul 'Aini Navisyah Dwi , Maharani Andi Annisa , Maharani Talitha Dwi , Nurannisa Nabilah Shafa , Herbawani Chahya Kharin
Published: January 2024

Masa anak-anak merupakan periode emas dikarenakan pada usia tersebut proses tumbuh kembang anak sedang berlangsung dengan pesat. Pola makan yang baik dapat menjaga anak tetap sehat dan mencegah timbulnya penyakit malnutrisi seperti obesitas. Penyebab obesitas pada anak salah satunya yaitu kebiasaan mengkonsumsi makanan siap saji (fast food) dan makanan rendah gizi (junk food). Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui gambaran mengenai seberapa besar risiko obesitas yang ditimbulkan dari pola makan fast food dan junk food pada anak usia sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini menerapkan metode tinjauan literatur (literature review) dengan mengikuti pedoman PRISMA flowchart yang disesuaikan dengan tujuan penelitian serta menggunakan format PICO. Pencarian artikel dilakukan melalui database elektronik meliputi PubMed, Google Scholar, dan Garuda menggunakan kata  kunci: “risiko obesitas”, “anak usia sekolah dasar”, “fast food”, dan “junk food”.  Pencarian secara online ditemukan 961 artikel. Kemudian diterapkan kriteria eksklusi dan inklusi, sehingga diperoleh 11 artikel yang akan direview. Berdasarkan 11 artikel yang dianalisis, 10 artikel menunjukkan bahwa pola makan yang buruk, seperti konsumsi fast food dan junk food dengan frekuensi berlebih memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dalam menyebabkan obesitas pada anak usia sekolah dasar. Besar risiko mengalami obesitas pada anak yang sering mengkonsumsi fast food dan junk food paling tinggi sebesar 30,7 kali daripada anak-anak yang jarang mengkonsumsi dua jenis makanan tersebut.
Laporan Kasus Pada Pasien Tuberkulosis Paru dengan Masalah Keperawatan Defisit Nutrisi di RSUD Prof. Dr. H. Aloei Saboe Kota Gorontalo
Authors: Syamsuddin Fadli , Puluhulawa Nikmawati , Nabu Sri Deviyaningsih
Published: January 2024

Tuberkulosis paru adalah penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Penyebab penderita TB paru mengalami defisit nutrisi yaitu adanya hipermetabolisme, peningkatan aktivitas bernafas, infeksi dan inflamasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mampu memberikan asuhan keperawatan terhadap pasien yang mengalami penyakit TB Paru dengan masalah keperawatan defisit nutrisi di RSUD Prof. Dr. H. Aloei Saboe Kota Gorontalo. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu dalam bentuk deskriptif laporan kasus yang mencakup pengkajian keperawatan, diagnosa keperawatan, intervensi keperawatan, implementasi keperawatan, serta evaluasi keperawatan. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan setelah dilakukannya tindakan asuhan keperawatan pada kelima pasien TB Paru status nutrisinya meningkat. Adapun kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini pada pasien TB Paru harus di kontrol manajemen nutrisinya agar tidak terjadi pengurangan nutrisi.
Efektivitas Pemberian Minuman Elektrolit Berkarbohidrat Terhadap Kadar Ureum Darah Pada Atlet Dayung Nasional Laki-Laki
Authors: Fitria Fitria , Pujonarti Siti Arifah , Fitriani Anna
Published: January 2024

Latar Belakang: Latihan panjang akan menguras glikogen otot yang dapat diketahui dari peningkatan kadar ureum darah. Hal ini dapat menyebabkan penurunan performa pada latihan atau pertandingan berikutnya. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas pemberian minuman elektrolit berkarbohidrat dengan kandungan karbohidrat sebanyak 1 gr/kgBB dibandingkan 0,35 gr/kg BB terhadap penurunan kadar ureum darah. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental murni, bersifat single blind dengan rancangan silang pada 10 atlet dayung nasional laki-laki di Pelatnas Dayung Pangalengan. Minuman yang diberikan adalah minuman elektrolit dengan jumlah karbohidrat sebanyak 1 gr/kgBB pada kelompok perlakuan dan 0,35 gr/kgBB pada kelompok kontrol. Minuman tersebut diberikan segera setelah latihan dan dua jam berikutnya. Pengambilan sampel darah vena dilakukan untuk mengukur penurunan kadar ureum darah sebelum dan setelah pemberian minuman dengan alat Cobas C111. Hasil: Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa penurunan kadar ureum darah lebih tinggi pada kelompok perlakuan yaitu sebesar 7,1% dibandingkan kelompok kontrol hanya sebesar 2,25%. Simpulan: Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian minuman elektrolit berkarbohidrat dengan kandungan karbohidrat sebanyak 1 gr/kgBB efektif menurunkan kadar ureum darah.
Formulasi Cendol Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera) sebagai Minuman Fungsional
Authors: Azra Anya Talita , Kusumaningati Walliyana
Published: January 2024

Latar Belakang: Salah satu manfaat dari vitamin C (yang terdapat pada kelor) bagi tubuh yaitu untuk meningkatkan imunitas. Cendol adalah salah satu contoh minuman yang banyak digemari karena kenikmatannya. Peneliti ingin melakukan penelitian terkait minuman cendol daun kelor yang diharapkan dapat menjadi minuman alternatif untuk imunitas tubuh. Tujuan: Mengetahui formulasi cendol daun kelor terhadap mutu organoleptik, menganalisis vitamin, dan uji kandungan gizi pada cendol daun kelor. Metode: Penelitian yang dilakukan yaitu penelitian eksperimental dengan desain RAL, dilakukan dengan tiga kali perlakuan dan 1 perlakuan produk pembanding dengan tiga kali pengulangan. Dengan uji yang dilakukan yaitu, uji organoleptik, uji vitamin C dan uji proksimat. Analisis SPSS yang digunakan yaitu menggunakan uji normalitas, dilanjutkan dengan uji Kruskall Wallis dan uji Mann- Whitney. Hasil: Uji mutu hedonik adanya perbedaan nyata pada warna, rasa dan tekstur,sementara tidak adanya perbedaan nyata pada aroma. Pada uji hedonik adanya perbedaan nyata pada warna, dan tekstur dan tidak adanya perbedaan nyata pada aroma dan rasa. Kadar vitamin C pada minuman cendol daun kelor tidak terdeteksi, tetapi cendol kelor memiliki kadar abu 0,53%, energi dan lemak 1,89 kcal/100 g, kadar lemak total 0,21%, kadar air 83,1%, energi total 66,51 kcal/100 g, protein 0,91%, karbohidrat 15,24%. Simpulan: Pada uji organoleptik adanya perbedaan nyata pada warna, rasa dan tekstur dalam uji mutu hedonik, sementara pada uji hedonik adanya perbedaan nyata pada warna dan tekstur. Tidak terdeteksinya vitamin C pada cendol daun kelor.
Przestępczość przeciwko zabytkom na terenie województwa małopolskiego – studium przypadku
Authors: Durek Ewa
Published: January 2024

W swoim artykule postanowiłam skupić się na sposobach radzenia sobie z przestępczością przeciwko dziedzictwu narodowemu i zbadać zjawisko w jednym z województw na przestrzeni pięciu lat, aby ocenić jego ewolucję. Straty poniesione w wyniku popełnienia zbrodni przeciwko dziedzictwu narodowemu są nie do naprawienia. Wartość zabytków polega nie tylko na ich materialnej reprezentacji, ale przede wszystkim na ich wartości historycznej i edukacyjnej. Stanowią jeden z najważniejszych elementów tworzenia materialnego dziedzictwa kulturowego, pomnik minionych epok, źródło tożsamości narodowej i dokumentujący historię ludzkości.
Late Devonian gabbro-dolerite-monzonite-granodiorite complex in the basin of the Severnaya Sosva River (Northern Urals): New data on composition, age, and geochemistry
Authors: Petrov G. A. , Kholodnov V. V. , Shagalov E. S. , Ronkin Yu. L.
Published: January 2024

Subject research. Hypabyssal intrusive gabbro-dolerite-monzonite-granodiorite complex from the northern part of the Tagil megazone. Material and methods. Intrusive rocks situated among the Devonian strata of the East Tagil structural-formation zone at the North Urals were studied. Petrographic studies, silicate (XRF) analyses and determination of rare elements by ICP-MS method, study of U-Pb isotopic systematics in zircons from monzonites and quartz diorites, processing and interpretation of the data obtained using discrimination and spider diagrams, as well as indicator geochemical parameters were carried out. Results. It was found that the age and structural position of the studied rocks can correlate with the well-known Late Devonian Ivdel complex, differing from the typical composition of the latter by a significant content of rocks of medium and moderately acidic composition. The geochemical parameters demonstrate values characteristic of both suprasubduction (island-arc) and oceanic volcanites, which may indicate the formation of rocks of the studied complex in an environment of termination of the subduction process and separation of the subducted slab. The presence of significant volumes of diorites and monsodiorites is probably stimulated by contamination of crustal matter by the mantle melts. Conclusions. The obtained geological, petrographic, isotope-geochronological, and geochemical data do not contradict the model of separation of the subducted slab and the arrival of mantle highly depleted matter (close to oceanic basalts N-MORB) after the termination of the subduction process.
Native selenium in the apical rocks of the Gaisky copper-pyrite deposit
Authors: Malyshev A. I. , Malysheva L. K.
Published: January 2024

Research subject. Selenium mineralization in altered rocks of the Gaisky deposit. Aim. Determination of formation conditions of native selenium in altered rocks. Results. Selenium mineralization is established in three zones of altered rocks in the sides of the 3rd quarry and is confined to the upper part of the sulfur-quartz rocks. Layers with a high content of native selenium and tiemannite are distinguished by a carbon-black color against the general background of yellow-green sulfur-quartz rocks, forming subvertical trickle textures. The maximum propagation of selenium mineralization was found in the southwestern zone of the quarry. Here, selenium-containing rocks are traced vertically by 6 m, forming a lens with a diameter of up to 70 cm. The accumulation of selenium occurs due to its physical properties. Selenium is similar to sulfur in volatility, although it undergoes more intense condensation under decreased temperatures. The accumulation of selenium condensate is facilitated by a silicic acid gel, which prevents the removal of selenium by a hydrothermal flow. Conclusion. The native selenium of the Gaisky deposit is characterized by a hydrothermal genesis, which, along with the presence of monoclinic native sulfur in the rocks, indicates the hydrothermal formation of the entire complex of altered rocks.
Zonal biochronological method for solving long-living problems of general stratigraphy
Authors: Chernykh V. V.
Published: January 2024

Research subject. Problematic issues of general stratigraphy are considered, including the Karpinsky principle, the unification of autonomous zonal biochronological scales (BCS), the basics of stratigraphic classification, the relation of zonal biostratigraphic and chronostratigraphic units. Materials and methods. The existing standard solutions to the above issues are analyzed. An attempt is made to reveal the logical sources of contradictions and to pave ways for a consistent synthesis. Results. The necessity for a successful solution of these issues to abandon the identification of the biochronological scale and the geological section is shown. From the recognition of the zone as the smallest subdivision of the biochronological scale, the linearity of the zonal subdivisions of the scale follows, which makes it a correct tool for performing basic stratigraphic operations – section subdivision and correlation of the boundaries of stratigraphic units. Strict differentiation of the scale from a section studied using this scale makes it possible to fulfill all the requirements of the Karpinsky principle regarding dividing horizons with mixed fauna. The same condition underlies the creation of a stratigraphic classification, which must be preceded by a clear separation of the material (“mapped”) stratigraphic units of the Earth’s crust and units of chronological scales, which are used for their correlation. Placing them in a single “dualistic” stratigraphic classification cannot give a satisfactory result. The creation of autonomous zonal scales should be preceded by the definition of the biozones of the species used to build these scales, according to the normative (standard) zonal scale for a given stratigraphic interval. Taking into account the minimum dimension of the zonal subdivisions of the standard scale, the zones of autonomous scales distinguished by this method correspond to a whole number of normative zones, and, therefore, the boundaries of the stratozones established on the autonomous scales, in this case, will certainly coincide with any boundaries of the stratozones, distinguished on the normative scale. This procedure makes it possible to perform the unification of autonomous zonal BCSs based on different groups of fossils. Zonal BCS performs correlation functions, zonal units are a tool for chronological identification of remote geological objects, including the boundaries of chronostratigraphic units, although not being included in their hierarchy. Conclusions. A biochronological scale is a model of the biochronological calculation of geological time and cannot be identical to what it models. Differentiation of the scale from a section studied using this scale is an indispensable condition that precedes and ensures the successful solution of long-living problems of general stratigraphy.
Pragian conodont biostratigraphy of the western slope of the Southern Urals (Mindigulovo section)
Authors: Mavrinskaya T. M. , Sharipova A. R.
Published: January 2024

Research subject. Pragian conodonts from the Mindigulovo section on the western slope of the South Urals. Aim. Conodont-based biostratigraphy of the Pragian deposits. Materials and methods. This study is based on the biostratigraphic method: identification of conodonts using conventional techniques, recognition of Pragian conodont associations, zonal scale proposal and correlation. Results. The Pragian beds in the Mindigulovo Section in the latitudinal flow of the Belaya River are characterized using conodonts for the first time. The following conodont-based subdivisions at the rank of beds with fauna are recognized (from bottom to top): Beds with Gondwania irregularis, Latericriodus steinachensis, Beds with Pelekysgnathus serratus, Beds with Gondwania profunda, Pseudogondwania kindlei and Beds with Polygnathus cf. pireneae. Conclusions. The recognized conodont-based units can be directly correlated with the standard zonal scale of the Pragian. The conodont assemblage studied contains taxa characterizing the Gondwania irregularis–Gondwania profunda, Pseudogondwania kindlei–Eognathodus zeravshanicus, Polygnathus pireneae lineage, also known in the Pragian successions of Australia and the South Tien Shan. The co-occurrence of the deep-water family Eognathodidae and the shallow-water Icriodontidae in the Mindigulovo Section enables the correlation of different facies sections.
Gianluca Gardini: Le regole dell’informazione: verso la Gigabit Society (5.ª ed.)
Authors: Martín Fernández Carmen
Published: January 2024

Recensión del libro de Gianluca Gardini: Le regole dell’informazione: verso la Gigabit Society, con la colaboración de Marina Caporale, Giappichelli Editore, 2021, (5.ª ed.), 437 pp.
The Attitude Towards the Subject of History in General Education in Vietnam through a Survey from the Student's Perspective
Authors: Nhung Dao Thi Tuyet
Published: January 2024

Factors include teaching methods, influence from parents, influence from friends, careers related to the field of history, negative feelings about the subject and personal characteristics, all affect learning attitudes towards history subjects. Furthermore, through the use of open-ended questions, the research delved into the causes and reasons behind the lack of interest in the subject of history such as quite long knowledge, many timelines, and difficult to remember; problems from the teacher; the issue belongs to the individual preferences; or the nature of the subject including boring, long, dry, lacking visual images in teaching. An important proposal stemming from the research results is the need to innovate approaches to history subjects by using gamification. The research has shown that integrating gamification into the history learning process can lead to significant improvements in efficiency. In particular, using role-playing games based on historical stories is considered a high-performance solution to enhance interaction and efficiency in the learning process.
Few more words about the violation of the right of the accused to use the help of a lawyer
Authors: Markova Tatiana
Published: January 2024

The article considers such a basis for the cancellation or modification of the sentence by the court of appeal as the consideration of a criminal case without the participation of a defender (lawyer), when his participation is mandatory in accordance with the the Code of Criminal Procedure, or with another violation of the right of the accused to use the help of a defender. This issue is investigated by the author in the context of the fact that paragraph 4 of Part 2 of Article 389.17 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation includes two independent grounds for revoking the decision. The main focus is on the category of "other violations". Based on the study of judicial practice, the author notes the variety of cases that are considered by higher authorities as violations of paragraph 4, part 2 of Article 389.17 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation and entail the cancellation of the decision of the court of first instance. The article gives a critical assessment of the approach according to which the violation of the defendant's right to use the help of a defender can in certain cases be compensated by the court of appeal, therefore, the detection of such a violation should not always entail the return of the criminal case to a new trial in the court of first instance. It is noted that this approach is obviously incorrect, and this position is justified. When writing an article, the author uses such methods as analysis, synthesis, logical, comparative legal, formal legal. The author concludes that if the court of appeal, in violation of the defendant's right to use the help of a defender in the court of first instance, does not send the case to a new trial, but independently makes up for the violation, it thereby deprives the defendant of the opportunity to exercise proper protection in two judicial instances. The session of the court of appeal cannot fully replace the proceedings in the court of first instance, since the rules for examining evidence are established in the appellate instance, which differ from the rules of the court of first instance (in terms of the procedure for research). The author of the article considers the position of the courts to be correct, in which the courts recognize the violation of the defendant's right to use the help of a defender as an irreparable violation, which should entail the cancellation of the decision with the referral of the case to the court of first instance. The article presents the positions of process scientists on the problem under consideration.
Formation of images of the future in the USSR in the 1920s.
Authors: Glukharev Nikolai Nikolaevich
Published: January 2024

The article is devoted to the trends in the formation of images of the future in the USSR in the 1920s. The subject of the study is the image of the future as an object of design during the formation of a new state of society, the search for guidelines and practices of social development. Design in a broad context is considered as an active creative activity to shape the image of the future. Design may imply certain deadlines for its implementation, or it may be based on approximate calculations, on some guidelines that do not have a strict time limit. The research methods were historical-analytical, historical-comparative, historical-genetic, system-analytical. The postulates of F. Polak and E. Bloch were adopted as the methodological basis for studying images of the future. The article identifies the subjects of designing images of the future in the period under study, among whom are the leaders and ideologists of the Communist Party, as well as representatives of the urban intelligentsia. The main factors in the formation of images of the future are identified, among which are noted: the “current present”, political programs and ideological attitudes of the power elite, ideological trends of previous decades, scientific achievements, value systems. Projecting images of the future by subjects in the 1920s, experiencing the influence of various factors, led to the formation of images of a predominantly utopian nature, defining the horizons of the “expected” or “possible” future. Given the schematic and vagueness of the political guidelines for communism and the diversity of its author’s figurative variants, the future society was presented in the general categories of collectivism, science-centrism, technocratism, the ideals of a new socially determined person, and the subordination of nature to society.
Penerapan Teknologi Location Based Service (LBS) Untuk Menemukan Layanan Kesehatan Terdekat Berbasis Android
Authors: Rohman Abid Taufiqur , Yanti Marita Dwi , Maulana Haisyam
Published: January 2024

Layanan kesehatan adalah serangkaian tindakan dan pelayanan yang bertujuan menjaga, memulihkan, atau meningkatkan kesehatan individu maupun masyarakat, diselenggarakan oleh lembaga seperti rumah sakit, puskesmas, klinik, apotek, dan fasilitas kesehatan lainnya. Aplikasi pencarian layanan kesehatan terdekat dengan menggunakan metode Location Based Service (LBS), sebagai solusi inovatif hadir untuk memudahkan pengguna dalam menemukan layanan kesehatan dengan efisiensi. Tujuan penggunaan metode Location Based Service (LBS) dalam pengembangan aplikasi pencarian layanan kesehatan terdekat adalah untuk meningkatkan akurasi dan kepersonalan layanan yang disajikan kepada pengguna. Pengembangan aplikasi ini kemudian melibatkan tahapan perencanaan, analisis kebutuhan, desain, implementasi, pengujian, dan pemeliharaan dengan menggunakan pendekatan Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC). Melalui pengujian black box pengembangan aplikasi pencarian layanan kesehatan terdekat dengan menggunakan metode Location Based Service (LBS) telah memberikan hasil yang positif. Metode LBS membuktikan keunggulannya dalam memberikan akses lokasi yang akurat, integrasi navigasi real-time, efisiensi pencarian, pemberian rekomendasi yang relevan, dan peningkatan aksesibilitas informasi kesehatan. fungsionalitas utama aplikasi, termasuk pencarian lokasi rumah sakit, puskesmas, apotek, rumah sakit bersalin, dan laboratorium klinik, terverifikasi berjalan dengan baik tanpa bug signifikan.
Perancangan Aplikasi Virtual Reality Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Sistem Tata Surya
Authors: Syani Mamay , Rizky Hadiansyah Muhammad , Ahmad Firdaus Eryan , Mulyana Dadan , Yudi Permana Nana
Published: January 2024

Media pembelajaran sekarang sudah mengikuti perkembangan teknologi yang ada, mulai dari teknologi cetak, audio visual, komputer sampai teknologi yang menggabungkan antara teknologi cetak dengan komputer. Dikala ini media pendidikan hasil gabungan teknologi cetak serta pc bisa diwujudkan dengan media teknologi Virtual Reality (VR). Virtual Reality (VR) merupakan teknologi yang membuat pengguna bisa berhubungan dengan sesuatu area yang disimulasikan oleh pc, sesuatu area sesungguhnya yang ditiru ataupun betul- betul sesuatu area yang cuma terdapat dalam imajinasi. Pembelajaran tradisional seperti biasa dimana hanya terjadi satu interaksi membuat pembelajaran pada saat ini sangat monoton, contoh pembelajaran tradisional ini yaitu melalui gambar, buku atau bahkan alat proyeksi lainnya. Namun dengan terdapatnya media pembelajaran yang memanfaatkan Virtual Reality yang sanggup merealisasikan objek di dunia virtual ke dunia nyata, bisa mengganti objek- objek tersebut jadi objek 3D, sehingga tata cara pendidikan tidak monoton.
ANALISIS MATERIALITAS PADA PROSEDUR AUDIT VOUCHING ATAS AKUN BEBAN OPERASIONAL
Authors: Chrisna Putri Rani , Sulistyowati Erna
Published: January 2024

In the era of society 5.0, the auditor profession will continue to exist even though the threat of AI (Artificial Intelligence) has come, bearing in mind that there are many human intelligences that cannot be replaced by any robots. An auditor needs to have an understanding of materiality, where this concept relates to how large a misstatement contained in an assertion can be accepted by the auditor so that users of financial statements are not affected by the magnitude of the misstatement. One of the applications of materiality is the vouching audit procedure. Vouching is a test carried out by the auditor to check the authenticity or correctness of the occurrence of a transaction presented in the financial statements through physical source documents. Vouching for operating expense accounts is important to do because there are many findings indicating irregularities in the presentation of operating expenses in the financial statements. The method used is a qualitative research-descriptive analysis based on the results of interviews with 4 people at Public Accounting Firms and Public ABC as samples and observations. This study aims to get answers regarding the importance of materiality in vouching audit procedures for operating expense accounts.
FRAUDULENT FINANCIAL REPORTING: ANALISIS PENGARUH ELEMEN FRAUD HEXAGON PADA PERUSAHAAN FARMASI
Authors: Gunawan Gilbert Outner , Siregar Anitaria
Published: January 2024

This study analyses the influence of fraud hexagon dimension towards fraudulent financial statement. Fraudulent financial statement is measured using Beneish M-Score Model. Six dimension of the fraud hexagon is being considered influence fraudulent financial statement. The population on this study are pharmacy companies which being registered in Indonesia Stock Exchange for period 2020-2021. This study uses   purposive sampling with final sample 48 companies. The result shows  stimulus/pressure (financial stability) has the influence towards fraudulent financial statement,  while opportunity (ineffective monitoring), rationalization (change in auditor), capability (change in director), ego/arrogance (frequent number of CEO’s picture), and collusion (cooperation with government project) do not have influence  towards fraudulent financial statement.
DETERMINAN HARGA SAHAM PADA PERUSAHAAN PERBANKAN DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Susilowati Handini Retno , Mulyani Sri , Delima Zamrud Mirah
Published: January 2024

This study aims to determine the effect on the variable net profit margin, return on assets, earnings per share, and the current ratio on stock prices. The population in this study are banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2018-2021. This study used a quantitative research design and the data used were obtained from the annual financial reports of banking companies. The sampling technique used purposive sampling method with a total sample of 21 banking companies. The analytical method used is multiple linear regression analysis with SPSS version 25. The results of this study indicate that net profit margin has no effect on stock prices, return on assets has a negative effect on stock prices, earnings per share and current ratio have a positive effect on stock prices.
Histoplasmose anal em uma paciente portadora do vírus da imunodeficiência adquirida
Authors: Oliveira Gabriela Ribeiro de , Deus Camila Amorim de , Lima Roberta Denise Alkmin Lopes de , Leonel Felipe Poli
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: Relatar um caso de uma paciente com diagnóstico de histoplasmose anorretal e portadora do vírus da imunodeficiência adquirida. Detalhamento do caso: Paciente do sexo feminino com 37 anos e portadora do vírus da imunodeficiência humana há 10 anos em tratamento irregular, com queixa de saída de secreção purulenta e sangue pelo ânus, associada a dor intensa há 2 meses e perda ponderal de aproximadamente 40 quilogramas no mesmo período. Ao toque retal, verificou-se evidente hipotonia do esfíncter anal, com presença de lesão vegetante circunferencial, que se iniciava no canal anal e se estendia para reto baixo; presença de muco e sangue em dedo de luva. Realizada biópsia da lesão descrita que evidenciou no anatomopatológico presença de estruturas fúngicas ovaladas morfologicamente compatíveis com Histoplasma capsulatum. Considerações finais: A histoplasmose é uma infecção oportunista que se apresenta comumente na forma disseminada em pacientes imunossuprimidos. Neste caso relatado, foi evidenciado histoplasmose localizada através de lesão anal, que também pode mimetizar outros diagnósticos como carcinoma. Isso enfatiza a importância do raciocínio clínico associado às comorbidades do paciente para se avaliar possibilidades diagnósticas em pacientes imunossuprimidos com lesão anal.
Development of Reverse Phase HPLC Method and Validation: Sofosbuvir and Velpatasvir Quantification in Bulk and Tablets
Authors: Bhargavi S , Sailaja B
Published: January 2024

A new reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for measuring the amount of sofosbuvir and velpatasvir in active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) and tablet forms has been developed and the method was also validated. Discovery column C18 150 mm x 4.6 mm, pore size of 5 μm was used for the analysis of drugs. Elution of drugs was achieved with 0.1% OPA Buffer: Acetonitrile mixed in the proportion of 40:60 v/v was used as mobile phase, maintaining 1.0 mL/min as flow rate, column temperature maintained at 30°C and uv detector wavelength was fixed at 272 nm. Sofosbuvir and velpatasvir were eluted at retention time (RT) of 2.183 and 3.038 minutes, respectively. Linearity parameter was performed in the levels from 25 to 150% and the square of correlation coefficient (r2) was found to be 0.9992. The %recovery obtained for sofosbuvir was 99.6 and for velpatasvir was 99.4. In precision %RSD for sofosbuvir was found to be 0.4 and for velpatasvir was 0.9. Validation was performed for the developed method and all of the validated parameter results obtained was within the ICH Q2 guidelines acceptance range. So, the developed RP-HPLC method can be used in pharmaceutical industry for quantification of sofosbuvir as well as velpatasvir at once in API and tablet dosage form.
Stability-Indicating Liquid Chromatography Method for Rifaximin and LC-MS Characterization of its Potential Degradants
Authors: Chaturvedi Prashant , Chopra Shruti , Desai Pradnya , Tauro Savita
Published: January 2024

Rifaximin (RFX) is a structural analog of rifampin that has been shown to be a gastrointestinal-selective antibiotic with broad-spectrum antibacterial properties, a pronounced safety profile, and limited drug interactions. Crohn’s disease, diarrhea, hepatic encephalopathy, irritable bowel syndrome, and traveler’s diarrhea caused by non-invasive diarrheagenic Escherichia coli, can all be treated with rifaximin. FDA has designated RFX as an orphan drug for the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy. There is a substantial need for analytical quality monitoring of Rifaximin to ensure the safety and efficacy of treatment. To generate degradants, forced degradation study of the drug was carried out in acid, alkali, oxidative, thermal, and photolytic stress conditions. The optimum separation of the drug, and its degradants was achieved on an Inertsil ODS-3V C18 column (250 X 4.6 mm X 5 μm) under gradient elution conditions using, 10 mM potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate (pH 5.0 ± 0.05) as mobile phase A, and acetonitrile as mobile phase B, at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The run time was 41 minutes and the detection wavelength was 258 nm. The method was validated in accordance with the International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human use Guidelines. The drug was stable in neutral hydrolysis, photo and dry heat degradation conditions. The percentage degradation observed during acid, alkali hydrolysis and oxidative stress conditions were 70.46, 15.11 and 24.18, respectively. The degradants were investigated by LC-MS which indicated the presence of four (m/z 784.2, 744.5, 784.3, 753.8), three (m/z 744.5, 784.3, 753.8) and five (m/z 772.4, 838.4, 744.5, 753.8, and 801.9) degradants in acid, alkali and oxidative stress conditions, respectively. The structures of degradants were elucidated using Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analyses.
Isolation of Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Methanolic Extract of Cinnamomum malabatrum Leaves by Column Chromatography
Authors: Tirumala Duguta , Jayashree V
Published: January 2024

Cinnamomum malabatrum (Lauraceae) is available in the Western Ghats and south India, the leaves were collected shade dried and made into fine powder form, and the powder was subjected to extraction by different solvents like petroleum ether, methanol, and water. Further, these extracts were subjected to thin layer chromatography. C. malabatrum ethyl acetate fraction of methanolic extract was given strong evidence for active components, based on evidence ethyl acetate fraction was subjected for further chromatographic separation; column chromatography was used for isolation of component of C. malabatrum ethyl acetate fraction of methanolic extract was subjected to column chromatography by using different ratios of mobile phases (in Hexane and Methanol). Flavonoids and phenols found present.
RP-HPLC Method Validation for Levomilnacipran Estimation in Bulk and Formulation
Authors: Boggula Narender , Bhadru Banothu , More Kishore
Published: January 2024

RP-HPLC was used to build sensitive and accurate procedures for establishing and verifying analytical methods for estimating levomilnacipran in bulk and pharmaceutical dose forms. The ratio of methanol to 10 mM dipotassium hydrogen phosphate buffer pH 6.5 in the mobile phase is 50:50 (v/v%). The working standard solution was 20 g/mL. With a flow rate of 1-mL/minutes, an injection volume of 20 μL, a run time of 10 minutes, and a detection wavelength of 215 nm, the analysis was carried out on XBridgeTM C18 column 5 (250 x 4.6 mm). Readings of the precision study %RSD were found to be below the 2% limit. With a r2 of 0.998, it was concluded that the strategy was linear. The results showed that the levomilnacipran LoD and LoQ values were 1.42 and 4.75 μg/mL, respectively. The approach may be used to analyse levomilnacipran bulk and pharmaceutical formulations.
Method Development and Validation for the Determination of Sotorasib by LC-MS/MS Technique
Authors: Sunkara Phani K , Chaganty Sreedhara , Ramakrishna K
Published: January 2024

The main of the research work is to develop and validate a linear, precise and specific LC-ESI-MS/MS method for the quantification of sotorasib. Chromatographic resolution was achieved with ODS Zorbax (50 × 4.6 mm, 2.1 μ) C18 column and a mobile phase composition of methanol, 0.1% formic acid and ACN in the proportion of 50:15:35 with 0.5 mL/min flow of the mobile solvent system from the stationary column procedure was executed by monitoring the established ionic transitions of m/z- 561.09/316.84 for sotorasib and 478.09/451.08 for apalutamide internal standard in multiple reaction monitoring. The linear plot regression line was y = 0.0001x + 0.0011, with a correction coefficient (r2) of 0.9996. The %CV outcomes for matrix effect at low-QC and High-QC levels were 2.90 and 3.41%, respectively. The percentage average recoveries for sotorasib in high-QC (11.25 μg/mL), MQC (7.50 μg/mL) and low-QC (1.05 μg/mL) were 102.41, 98.07, and 102.41%, respectively. The obtained values were between 2.00 and 4.03% for the QC (0.375, 1.05, 7.50 and 11.25 μg/mL). The established technique was subjected for validation as per the food and drug administration (FDA) guiding principles and can be useful for the evaluation of sotorasib in biological samples in quality control, forensic and bioavailability studies.
A Particular Separation Method Development and Validation of Nadolol and Bendroflumethiazide by using RP-HPLC
Authors: Sumaltha SVS , Bharathi D , Tamminana Ramana , Rao P S , Kamala P , Rudraraju Ramesh R
Published: January 2024

We have developed a simple, general, and reliable HPLC Method and validation for the simultaneous estimation of nadolol and bendroflumethiazide drugs according to (ICH) guidelines. Nadolol and bendroflumethiazide peaks have been observed at a retention time of 1.757, and 3.208 minutes, respectively, and they have kept 5 minutes as a total run time. As per linearity results, the average correlation coefficient of nadolol and bendroflumethiazide is 0.999 which indicates they have good linearity, robustness, and stability.
Design of Experiment Enhanced Development and Validation of RP-HPLC Method for Analysis of Ascorbic Acid and Rutin
Authors: A Srividya , A Sreedevi , B Swarupa
Published: January 2024

This work intends to develop a QbD-based RP-HPLC method and validate rutin (RU) and ascorbic acid (ASC) in combined tablet dosage form. The method is optimized by the central composite design. The independent variables chosen are mobile phase ratio and pH. The dependent variables are retention time for RU (R1), retention time for ascorbic acid ASC (R2), and resolution (R3). Analysis of variance revealed that the method parameters were significant (p <5). Waters Alliance-e2695 [C18 (150x 4.6 mm, 3.5)] was used to separate rutin and ascorbic acid using a mobile phase Acetonitrile: Hexane Sulphonic Acid (pH-2.5/OPA) in a 70:30 ratio, the selected wavelength was 215 nm. Method validation and degradation studies were performed ICH guidelines are followed. The approach was determined to be easy, suitable, accurate, precise, and robust for quantitative analysis of ascorbic acid and rutin.
Stability Indicating an LC-MS/MS Method Development and Validation for the Quantification of Capmatinib in Human Plasma
Authors: . Hema , Panigrahi Naresh
Published: January 2024

A linear and accurate liquid chromatographic tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) technique for the quantitation of capmatinib in plasma was developed and subjected for validation. Canagliflogin was employed as an internal standard (IS). Extraction of plasma was executed utilizing 5 mL of ethyl acetate solvent. Analysis was performed Zorbax ODS (50 mm × 2.1 mm x 3 μ) stationary phase at room conditions and a movable solvent composition of 0.1% HCOOH, acetonitrile and methyl alcohol (15:50:35). The flowing rate of the movable phase was 0.4 mL/min. Drug and IS were identified in positive mode of ionization with electrospray mode to get the mass transitions of (m/z): Capmatinib, 413.15/386.14 and canagliflogin (IS), 445.15/267.12. The correlation between capmatinib concentrations and their respective peak proportions to canagliflogin was a straight line over 0.2 to 3200 ng/mL concentration levels. Intra day and inter-day precisions were ≤5.18% for capmatinib. Inter and intra day bias were within the range of −4.17 to 4.53%. The mean measured extraction recovery of capmatinib was 99.23%. Recovery of IS was 98.31%. Capmatinib was subjected for long-term, freeze thaw, bench top, short-term stability, auto-sampler, dry extract, and stock solution stability at low QC and high QC levels and it was stable at all these conditions. The established technique can be utilized to regularly quantitfy of capmatinib in plasma samples in industries, forensic labs, and clinical research organizations.