bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pelatihan Akuntansi Sederhana “AkuKongregasi” untuk Kongregasi SVD Timor
Authors: Sonbay Yolinda Yanti , Manafe Henny Angri , Sooai Adri Gabriel
Published: December 2024

ABSTRAK Lembaga nirlaba sering kali menghadapi tantangan dalam pengelolaan keuangan yang transparan dan akuntabel. Kurangnya pengetahuan dan keterampilan dasar dalam akuntansi menyebabkan banyak yayasan mengalami kesulitan dalam menyusun laporan keuangan yang jelas dan sesuai standar. Dalam mengatasi permasalahan ini maka dilakukan pelatihan keuangan sederhana menggunakan aplikasi Akukongregasi. AkuKongregasi melakukan proses input dengan Sistem single entry dan menghasilkan double entry secara otomatis. Tujuan untuk kegiatan ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pemahaman pengelola lembaga mengenai laporan keuangan, serta meningkatkan transparansi dan akuntabilitas dalam pengelolaan dana. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan yang dilakukan dengan pelatihan dan penerapan sistem AkuKongregasi di Societas Verbi Divini (SVD) Timor. SVD Timor memiliki 17 Unit yang terletak di Kota Kupang, Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan, Timor Tengah Utara dan Kabupaten Belu.  Hasil pelatihan menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan dalam pemahaman akuntansi dasar dan penerapannya dalam penyusunan laporan keuangan sederhana dengan menggunakan aplikasi AkuKongregasi. Kata Kunci: Pelatihan Akuntansi, Laporan Keuangan, Akuntabilitas, Transparansi, Akukongregasi  ABSTRACT Non-profit organizations often face challenges in managing finances in a transparent and accountable manner. The lack of basic knowledge and skills in accounting has led many foundations to struggle in preparing clear and standardized financial reports. To address this issue, a simple financial training was conducted using the Akukongregasi application. Akukongregasi employs a single entry system for input and automatically generates a double entry. The aim of this activity is to enhance the understanding of organizational managers regarding financial reports, as well as to improve transparency and accountability in fund management. The implementation method involved training and the application of the Akukongregasi system at Societas Verbi Divini (SVD) Timor. SVD Timor operates 17 units located in the city of Kupang, South Central Timor Regency, North Central Timor Regency, and Belu Regency. The results of the training demonstrated a significant improvement in understanding basic accounting and its application in preparing simple financial reports using the Akukongregasi application. Keywords: Accounting training, Financial statements, Accountability, Transparency, AkuKongregasi
Особистісний розвиток молоді: соціально-психологічне опосередкування в умовах транзитивного соціуму
Authors: Андросович Ксенія , Завацька Наталія , Турбан Віталія , Волошин Володимир , Сафонов Артем , Царенок Віталій
Published: December 2024

У статті розкрито специфіку особистісного розвитку молоді у векторі соціально-психологічного опосередкування цього процесу в умовах транзитивного соціуму. Обґрунтовано комплексний методичний інструментарій дослідження та виявлено соціально-психологічну специфіку процесу соціалізації обдарованої учнівської молоді, яка перебувала на різних етапах онто- та соціогенезу і мала різні рівні прояву обдарованості відповідно до її типів (інтелектуальної, академічної, художньої, креативної (творчої), соціальної). Встановлено, що виокремлені розбіжності у перебігу процесу соціалізації обдарованої учнівської молоді детерміновані ступенем вираженості його показників різнорівневими індивідуально-типологічними й соціально-психологічними параметрами; виявленими специфічними показниками обдарованості учнівської молоді, які обумовлені логікою особистісного розвитку та зміною характеру їх соціально-психологічного опосередкування.
Констатовано, що на процес соціалізації обдарованої учнівської молоді впливають: внутрішньоособистісні (знання, установки, уявлення, особистісні характеристики та особливості); міжособистісні (міжособистісне спілкування у малих групах: сім’я, друзі, однолітки, які забезпечують соціальну підтримку та обумовлюють соціальні ролі); інституційні (правила, інструкції, політика формальних структур, які можуть перешкоджати або сприяти рекомендованим формам поведінки); популяційні (формальні та неформальні соціальні зв’язки та норми (стандарти), які діють у середовищі окремих осіб, груп, організацій); соціально-політичні (місцеві, регіональні, державні закони та політика) чинники. Визначено та проведено диференціацію позитивних і негативних соціально-психологічних чинників впливу Інтернет-середовища на процес соціалізації обдарованої учнівської молоді в умовах транзитивного соціуму.
Ключові слова: молодь, особистісний розвиток, соціально-психологічний супровід, транзитивний соціум.
دور الملصق في التعريف بهيئة النزاهة الاتحادية في العراق
Authors: إبراهيم رغد عبدالستار , الشجيري سهام حسن
Published: December 2024

يناقش البحث جانبًا لطبيعة العملية الاتصالية لهيئة النزاهة الاتحادية التي بموجبها تنقل الأفكار والمعلومات والخبرات للمتلقين، وتأخذ هذه العملية سياقات وآفاق متعددة، يمكن أن تنضوي على طرائق وممارسات واضحة وبسيطة كالإشارة والرموز المصورة أو المكتوبة، وغالبا ما يقترن هذا النشاط بسمات التأثير والتشويق، والتي تتضمن عناصر أساسية كالجمال والفاعلية والوضوح بقصد المشاركة Participation والتعبير عن المعاني لإيجاد فهم أفضل للعملية الاتصالية باعتماد المنهج المسحي، وتم اختيار أعداد العينة على وفق أسلوب الحصر الشامل لجميع الملصقات التي أعدتها هيئة النزاهة الاتحادية للأعوام (2019-2022)، وتم نشرها وتعليقها على جدران الوزارات، والهيئات، والمؤسسات الحكومية وفي الأماكن العامة، والتي جمعتها الباحثة والبالغة (51) ملصقًا جداريًا، وعن طريق تحليل محتوى الملصقات، توصل البحث إلى نتائج أهمها:1- اعتماد القائم بالاتصال على الفكرة الإيحائية غير المباشرة في إيصال رسالته الإعلامية.2- أفرز التحليل اعتماد الملصقات التي تنشرها هيئة النزاهة على أسلوب الاستمالات "العاطفية"، إذ حقق هذا الاعتماد نسبة كبيرة في مخاطبة المتلقين.3- تصدرت فئة "التوعية" الوظائف الاتصالية للرمز في ملصقات هيئة النزاهة الاتحادية، تلتها فئات التثقيف، والردع، ثم الإعلام على وفق التسلسل التراتبي للفئات.
التوافق والاختلاف في التغطية الإخبارية للصراع الروسي الأوكراني
Authors: حسين ولاء محمد علي
Published: December 2024

يستعرض البحث مقارنة بين التغطية الإخبارية للصراع الروسي الأوكراني على قناتي "روسيا اليوم" الروسية و"الحرة" الأمريكية، مسلطاً الضوء على تأثير التوجهات السياسية والايديولوجية لكل قناة في تغطية الأحداث، وإنَّ العلاقات والمصالح التي تربط روسيا وأمريكا بالصراع تؤدي دورًا كبيرًا في صياغة التغطية الإعلامية، ما أدى إلى اختلاف في طريقة تقديم الأخبار، واستخدام مصطلحات مختلفة تعكس وجهات نظر متباينة، واعتمد البحث على تحليل محتوى نشرات الأخبار الرئيسة لمدة شهر من بداية العمليات العسكرية الروسية في أوكرانيا، مركّزاً على جوانب الاتفاق والاختلاف بين القناتين، فوجدت الدراسة إنَّ "روسيا اليوم" استخدمت مصطلحات مثل: "العمليات الخاصة" و"العمليات في دومباس"، في حين وصفت "الحرة" تلك العمليات بأنها غير شرعية، مستخدمة مصطلح "الانفصاليين" للإشارة إلى القوى الموالية لروسيا في إقليم دومباس.وكذلك بينت الدراسة أن قناة "روسيا اليوم" ركزت بشكل كبير على تبرير أسباب الحرب بناءً على خطابات الساسة الروس، في حين تعاملت قناة "الحرة" بحذر مع تلك الأسباب، وشككت في موضوعاتها، بهذه الطريقة، يعكس البحث كيف تختلف التغطيات الإعلامية تبعًا للأُطر السياسية والإيديولوجية التي تنتمي إليها القناتان.
علاقة الاخبار السياسية والأمنية في الفضائيات العراقية بمشاعر القلق لدى الجمهور
Authors: التميمي مدين عمران , محمود محمد شاكر
Published: December 2024

يهدف البحث إلى معرفة العلاقة بين الأخبار السياسية والأمنية في الفضائيات العراقية، ومشاعر القلق لدى الجمهور، وأجري البحث على عينة قوامها (426) مفردةً من جمهور مدينة بغداد، وتم اختيار العينة على وفق أسلوب "العينة العشوائية المتعددة المراحل أو العنقودية"، ويندرج هذا البحث ضمن دراسات "العلاقات السببية الارتباطية"، واستخدم الباحثان المنهج المسحي، والاستبانة، والمقياس لجمع البيانات والمعلومات، وقد خلص البحث إلى أن المجتمع يشعر بمستوى قلق أعلى من المبحوثين عند متابعة الأخبار السياسية والأمنية في الفضائيات العراقية، إذ إن ارتباك المشهد السياسي والخلافات المتكررة بين الكتل السياسية وعدم السيطرة على أسعار السلع الاستهلاكية؛ بسبب عدم استقرار سعر صرف الدولار، وأيضا المظاهر المسلحة داخل المدن وانتشار الجريمة وحالات الخطف، وانتشار تجارة المخدرات وتعاطيها، يضاف الى ذك عدم وجود حلول جذرية لإنهاء أو محاولة إنهاء معاناة المواطنين والتوجه إلى تزويدهم باحتياجاتهم الأساسية، وأيضًا وجود أزمة العلاقات مع دول الجوار وغيرها، هي مشاكل وأزمات كبيرة من شأنها أن تشعر المواطنين بالقلق الشديد وعدم الشعور بالأمن والاستقرار.
أهمية الادارة في المؤسسات الصحفية
Authors: الشريف سراب , إيراني ميثم , الحجاج ياسر عبدالزهراء , أنواري محمد رضا
Published: December 2024

يُعدُّ الجهاز الإداري العمود الفقري في المؤسسات الصحفية كافة، إذ يشكل الضمان الأساس لنجاحها واستمرارية أدائها الإداري والصحفي والفني بفعالية، مما يسهم في استدامة نشاطها الصحفي وجذب القراء، وتركز الدراسة على استعراض دور الإدارة في نجاح العمل داخل المؤسسات الصحفية من خلال تحليل أهمية إدارات الصحف، وأساليب وطرائق وآليات إدارتها للعمل الصحفي والإداري والفني، فضلًا عن فحص المدارس الإدارية المعتمدة، ومدى التطورات الحاصلة في مجال علم الإدارة، ومواكبة إدارات المؤسسات الصحفية لهذه التطورات وتطبيقها في المجال الصحفي، وكذلك يُعد مفهوم إدارة المؤسسات الإعلامية مجالاً بحثياً متعدد التخصصات، ويركز على دراسة كيفية استغلال المؤسسات الإعلامية للموارد لتلبية احتياجات ورغبات المجتمع، إذ يهتم هذا المفهوم بالإدارة الفعالة لوسائل الإعلام.وتوصلت الدراسة إلى نتائج عدّة أبرزها: إنَّ الإدارة تمثل الركيزة الأساسية التي تعتمد عليها المؤسسات الصحفية، ويتوجب على الكوادر الإدارية مواكبة التكنولوجيا واستثمارها بمختلف أشكالها في العمل الإداري؛ لما توفره من سرعة ودقة وكفاية في إنجاز العملية الاتصالية، ووضع خطط تطويرية للمؤسسة الصحفية تشمل برامج عدّة لتطوير مهارات العاملين بما يتلاءم مع التطورات المستمرة في المجال الصحفي المهني.
الصورة الذهنية للقطاع المصرفي الأهلي لدى جمهور العملاء
Authors: محسن منى حميد
Published: December 2024

يهدف البحث الحالي إلى معرفة (ما الصورة الذهنية لمصرف الطيف الإسلامي لدى العملاء في مدينة بغداد)، وتحديد طبيعة هذه الصورة هل هي صورة سلبية أم إيجابية؟ على أساس أن هذه الصورة تمارس دورًا  كبيرًا في دافعية الجمهور نحو اتصال فعال مع المصرف، وقد استندت الباحثة على المنهج المسحي، عن طريق إعداد مقياس وتوزيعه على عينة عمدية ممثلة عن مناطق بغداد شملت (400) مبحوث من عملاء مصرف الطيف الإسلامي، وتوصل البحث إلى جملة من النتائج أهمها: إنَّ الصورة الإجمالية التي يحملها جمهور العملاء هي واضحة المعالم و إيجابية بشكل كبير، فضلًا عن ذلك أن أهم أسباب اختيار العملاء للمصرف هي العوائد المجزية، وتوافر المصرف في أماكن عدّة، والسمعة الحسنة للمصرف، وإنَّ المصرف يحافظ على سرية عملائه وخصوصيتهم والتي أسهمت في بناء الولاء والثقة لديهم، وإنَّ برامجهم وخدماتهم خالية من المخاطر، وتمتع العاملين بكفاية عالية ومهارات إقناعية وتفاوضية، وكذلك حرص المصرف على عمل حملات إعلامية لبرامجهم وخدماتهم وحرصهم على تزويد عملائهم بأهم الأخبار بشأن برامجهم ونشاطتهم المالية فضلًا عن إعلام المصرف والتي يؤكل العمل بها لقسم إدارة المخاطر في مصرف الطيف ووسائل التواصل الاجتماعي والخبرة الشخصية في التعامل مع المصرف والتي تُعدُّ مصدرًا مهمًا للمعلومات لديهم عن المصرف.
Peran Kepemimpinan Kepala Madrasah dalam Optimalisasi Manajemen Pendidikan Agama Islam
Authors: Ahmad Sibaweh
Published: December 2024

This study aims to explore the leadership role of madrasa principals in optimising the management of Islamic religious education (PAI). PAI plays a strategic role in shaping the character and morality of students by integrating moral and spiritual values into the curriculum. The madrasah principal, as the main driver, has a great responsibility to develop effective management strategies to improve teacher professionalism, quality of learning and overall madrasah management. Through transformational leadership styles, madrasah principals are able to create a conducive learning environment, encourage innovation, and increase the involvement of all stakeholders, including teachers and parents. However, challenges such as limited resources, resistance to change and technological developments require innovative solutions. This research uses the literature review method to analyse various relevant sources, such as journals and books, to understand the contribution of leadership in improving the quality of PAI management. The results show that effective leadership of madrasah principals not only improves teacher competencies and student learning, but also plays an important role in addressing the challenges of modern education. This study provides strategic recommendations for the development of more effective PAI management policies in the future
Expert System Implementation of the Certainty Factor Method for Smartphone Damage Diagnosis
Authors: Abdullah Syahrul Mubarak , Pakka Hariani Ma'tang , Syarifuddin Andi , Alghamdi Ahmed Saeed
Published: December 2024

Android smartphone is currently one of the most extensively utilized operating systems. Nevertheless, Android devices are susceptible to issues such as Ic Emmc, Ic Power, software malfunctions, Blank Screen, Hang, complete device malfunction, and boot loop. Prompt intervention is crucial when a smartphone experiences a problem to prevent more harm and safeguard the user. The Certainty Factor (CF) accounts for the inherent uncertainty in an expert's analysis. Expressions such as "uncertain," "highly probable," "likely," "very likely," "almost certain," and "certain" are frequently employed in this context. This study employed a manual questionnaire to assess the efficacy of the expert system in identifying malfunctions in Android devices. All five technicians and all five user respondents expressed significant agreement about the reliability of the expert system in the questionnaire, and the black box test yielded a perfect 100% success rate. Through accuracy testing, using 10 samples of expert analysis data and 10 samples of system data, it was determined that the expert system achieved an 80% accuracy rate in generating diagnostic conclusions based on the tested data.
Planning Study of Solar Power Plant (PLTS) in Lelewi Village, Gane Tengah District, South Halmahera Regency
Authors: Abbas M. Yunus H , Ayub wahab Iis Hamsir
Published: December 2024

Lelewi Village, Gane Tengah District, South Halmahera Regency, there are 80 families (heads of families) whose livelihood is farmers and fishermen. Geographically, Lelewi village is located in an area with a fairly high potential for solar energy, making Lelewi village a suitable place for the construction of a Solar Power Plant. Frequent sudden power outages due to lack of load capacity and natural disturbances (such as broken branches and trees and animals) cause a large number of electronic equipment to be damaged. And the operating time of PLN starts from 18.00 – 07.00, so a Solar Power Plant (PLTS) system is designed for use during the day only.So that this research will be discussed in more depth about the Analysis of Power Calculation at Solar Power Plants in Lelewi Village, South Halmahera Regency. To design an electric energy plant so that it meets the load needs for 10 years in Lelewi Village, South Halmahera Regency, it is necessary to carry out a load forecast (forecast electricity load). The method used to carry out load forecasting is the Linear Regretion method. Solar power energy is calculated at 50% of the daily load during the day, total electrical energy that can be generated from solar power plants is 12 Wh.  The solar components used after accounting for the need for electrical power backup are 48 100 wp solar panels, 48 units of 12V voltage batteries with a capacity of 100 Ah which are expected to be charged in about 10.05 hours, 2 units of solar charger controllers, and 1 unit of inverter with a capacity of 226.25 Watts
ANALYSIS OF CABLE NETWORK READINESS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING INFORMATION SYSTEMS AT THE FACULTY OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING
Authors: Febriyanto Akbar , Hediyanto Umar Yunan Kurnia Septo , Fathinuddin Muhammad
Published: December 2024

With the rapid advancement of information and communication technology, organizations increasingly adopt integrated systems to enhance efficiency and productivity. One widely adopted technology is Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), a comprehensive management system that integrates various business functions, including finance, manufacturing, inventory, and human resources. Implementing an ERP system requires a robust network infrastructure, particularly in terms of quality of service (quality of service). This study aims to evaluate the readiness of the cable network infrastructure across three buildings at the Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Telkom University, to implement an Odoo-based ERP system. The research employs the Network Development Life Cycle (NDLC) methodology, focusing on crucial quality of service parameters such as throughput, delay, jitter, and packet loss. Data were collected through observations, interviews, and network analysis using Wireshark, with tests conducted at different times (low, peak, and intermediate). The results show that the TULT Building, Mangudu Building, and Building B Cacuk networks are generally prepared for ERP implementation. For instance, in the TULT Building, the average throughput without filters at low, peak, and intermediate times was 45.296 Kbps, 50.923 Kbps, and 61.399 Kbps, respectively. Packet loss averaged 0.56%, 0.50%, and 0.65% without filters. Despite jitter values ranging from 103.73 ms to 582.40 ms, below the TIPHON standard, the ERP system remains functional as it is not highly sensitive. The study concludes that the existing network infrastructure is sufficient mainly for the Odoo-based ERP implementation, with recommendations for further improvements to address jitter issues.
COMPARISON OF ROBUSTNESS TEST RESULTS OF THE EYE ASPECT RATIO METHOD AND IRIS-SCLERA PATTERN ANALYSIS TO DETECT DROWSINESS WHILE DRIVING
Authors: Aditia Risky , Sriani Sriani
Published: December 2024

Traffic accidents caused by driver drowsiness are a leading factor in fatal road incidents. This study introduces a computer vision-based drowsiness detection system utilizing two methods: Eye Aspect Ratio (EAR) and Iris-Sclera Pattern Analysis (ISPA). The EAR method measures the eye aspect ratio to determine whether the eyes are open or closed. This involves calculating the vertical distance between specific landmark points on the eyelids and comparing it to the horizontal distance between points on the eye. A decrease in this ratio serves as an early indicator of drowsiness. The ISPA method employs symmetry analysis between the iris and sclera. This approach relies on the visual pattern formed when the eyes are open, where the sclera appears symmetrically distributed around the iris. During this process, eye images are processed to extract iris and sclera features, which are then analyzed for symmetry to detect signs of drowsiness. The study evaluates the reliability of both methods under varying conditions, such as changes in lighting, viewing distances, head movements, and the use of eyeglasses. The results show that the EAR method achieved an accuracy of 83.33% in distance testing, indicating its effectiveness in stable lighting environments. In contrast, the ISPA method achieved an accuracy of 59.25% under low and variable lighting conditions and proved more reliable for detecting the eyes of users wearing glasses.
AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN BIDARA (Ziziphus mauritiana Lam.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Salmonella typhi
Authors: Fitriana Fitriana , Amirah Sitti , Rahman Safriani , Fadilah Nur , Jihadi Athira , Polopadang Arion Whaizer
Published: December 2024

Daun bidara (Ziziphus mauritiana Lam.) merupakan tanaman yang bermanfaat dalam pengobatan penyakit infeksi pencernaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri dari ekstrak etanol daun bidara (Ziziphus mauritiana Lam.) terhadap bakteri Salmonella typhi dengan metode difusi agar. Penelitian ini diawali dengan uji skrining menggunakan konsentrasi 0,1%, 0,5%, dan 1% kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum (KHM) dan uji Konsentrasi Bunuh Minimum (KBM) dengan konsentrasi 0,05 %, 1%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% dan 16% terhadap bakteri Salmonella thypi dan dilanjutkan uji aktivitas antibakteri dengan menggunakan metode difusi agar. Hasil uji skrining aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol daun bidara (Ziziphus mauritiana Lam.) memberikan aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Salmonella thypi pada konsentrasi 1%. Hasil uji KHM diperoleh pada konsentrasi 1% terhadap bakteri Salmonella thypi, sedangkan nilai KBM pada konsentrasi 0,05%. Hasil uji aktivitas antibakteri dengan metode difusi agar menggunakan konsentrasi 2,5%, 5%, dan 10% diperoleh diameter terbesar dalam menghambat bakteri pada konsentrasi 10%. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan bahwa semua konsentrasi ekstrak memiliki kemampuan yang sama dalam menghambat pertumbuhan mikroba (p0,05). Kesimpulan yang didapatkan adalah ekstrak etanol daun bidara (Ziziphus mauritiana Lam.) memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Salmonella typhi.
PENGETAHUAN IBU HAMIL TENTANG TANDA KEGAWAT DARURATAN KEHAMILAN DENGAN KEPATUHAN DALAM PEMERIKSAAN ANTENATAL CARE
Authors: Kuhu Meivie , Alfitri Rosyidah
Published: December 2024

Setiap harinya sebanyak 830 ibu hamil mengalami kematian karena kegawatdaruratan dalam kehamilan dan persalinan. Angka kematian ibu ditimbulkan oleh penyebab langsung seperti komplikasi abortus, infeksi, perdarahan, eklampsia. Pengetahuan ibu tentang kegawatdaruratan dalam kehamilan dapat mempengaruhi sikap dan tingkah laku ibu mengenai perawatan kehamilannya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang tanda kegawatdaruratan kehamilan dengan kepatuhan dalam pemeriksaan antenatal care. Metode penelitian menggunakan rancangan korelasi dengan pendekatan cross – sectional. Dengan sampel 30 responden dengan teknik accidental sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan pengisian kuisioner Hasil pengujian Chi Square hubungan pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang tanda kegawatdaruratan kehamilan dengan kepatuhan dalam pemeriksaan antenatal care didapatkan nilai p-value = 0,002 dan nilai p-value kurang dari 0,05 atau 0,002 0,05, maka disimpulkan terdapat hubungan pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang tanda kegawatdaruratan kehamilan dengan kepatuhan dalam pemeriksaan antenatal care. Maka ibu hamil yang memiliki pengetahuan baik tentang tanda kegawatdaruratan kehamilan akan patuh melakukan antenatal care atau pemeriksaan kehamilan secara rutin.
EFEK TENS DAN WILLIAM FLEXION TERHADAP FUNGSIONAL DAN NYERI PADA PASIEN MYOGENIC LOW BACK PAIN
Authors: Maharani Louise Gabriella Kurnia , Halimah Nurul , Sartoyo Sartoyo , Fariz Achmad
Published: December 2024

Nyeri punggung bawah adalah nyeri yang disebabkan oleh ketegangan atau stres pada otot punggung, tendon, dan ligamen. Nyeri ini biasanya muncul saat melakukan aktivitas sehari-hari yang berlebihan. Nyeri punggung bawah perlu mendapat perhatian karena dapat menjadi masalah seperti hilangnya waktu kerja, penurunan produktivitas kerja. Myogenic low back pain dapat diatasi dengan kombinasi TENS dan William Flexion. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh kombinasi Transcutaneus Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) dan william flexion terhadap peningkatan fungsional dan penurunan nyeri pada pasien nyeri punggung bawah miogenik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pra eksperimental. Dengan desain penelitian mengacu pada satu kelompok pretest-posttest. Peneliti memberikan pre-test fungsional dengan Oswetry Disability Index (ODI) dan nyeri dengan VAS pada pasien Myogenic low back pain kepada sampel yang akan diberikan perlakuan. Kemudian peneliti melakukan perlakuan berupa T ENS dan William Flexion. Setelah selesai perlakuan, peneliti memberikan post-test fungsional dengan ODI dan nyeri dengan VAS pasien nyeri pinggang miogenik. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Rumah Sakit Gotong Royong Surabaya. Populasi Penelitian adalah 105 pasien nyeri pinggang miogenik di Rumah Sakit Gotong Royong Surabaya yang datang ke Instalasi Rehabilitasi Medik. Sampel merupakan bagian populasi pasien nyeri pinggang miogenik di Rumah Sakit Gotong Royong Surabaya sebanyak 20 pasien. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadinya peningkatan fungsional dan penurunan nyeri setelah dilakukan pemberian intervensi berupa Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) dan william flexion. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat pengaruh Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) dan william flexion terhadap peningkatan fungsional dan penurunan nyeri pada pasien Myogenic low back pain di Rumah Sakit Gotong Royong Surabaya.
PENGARUH KOMBINASI SQUAT EXERCISE DAN PLANK EXERCISE TERHADAP PERUBAHAN LINGKAR PINGGANG DAN PAHA PADA SISWA SMAK BHAKTI LUHUR MALANG
Authors: Malik Yuliana Motu , Pradita Angria , Halimah Nurul , Fao Yohanes Deu
Published: December 2024

Lingkar paha dan pinggang merupakan indikator penting dalam menilai kesehatan remaja karena berkaitan dengan risiko obesitas, penyakit kardiovaskular, dan kondisi metabolik. Lingkar pinggang yang besar menunjukkan penumpukan lemak visceral, yang berisiko tinggi terhadap diabetes tipe 2, hipertensi, dan penyakit jantung. Pada remaja, obesitas sering ditandai dengan lingkar pinggang yang tinggi, menunjukkan akumulasi lemak abdominal yang berbahaya. Pemantauan lingkar paha dan pinggang membantu mengidentifikasi pola pertumbuhan yang membutuhkan intervensi, serta mencerminkan gaya hidup dan kebiasaan makan. Aktivitas fisik dan pola makan seimbang sangat penting dalam menjaga kesehatan. Selain itu, ukuran lingkar paha dan pinggang dapat mempengaruhi kesehatan mental remaja terkait harga diri dan tekanan sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi squat exercise dan plank exercise terhadap perubahan lingkar pinggang dan lingkar paha pada siswa SMAK Bhakti Luhur Malang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pre eksperimental dengan desain penelitian mengacu pada one group pretest-posttest. Sampel penelitian satu kelompok perlakuan dengan pemberian kombinasi plank exercise dan squat exercise untuk kelompok perlakuan. Pengukuran lingkar pinggang dan paha diberikan sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan, peneliti memberikan post-test pengukuranlingkar pinggang dan paha. Populasi Penelitan adalah siswa kelas X di SMAK Bhakti Luhur Malang sebanyak 60 orang. Sampel penelitian adalah siswa kelas X di SMAK Bhakti Luhur Malang sebanyak 20 orang yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan kriteria eksklusi. Data primer dikumpulkan melalui wawancara langsung dilanjutkan dengan pemeriksaan. Analisis data menggunakan uji Wilcoxon. Berdasarkan analisis diketahui terdapat pengaruh kombinasi squat exercise dan plank exercise terhadap perubahan lingkar pinggang dan lingkar paha pada siswa SMAK Bhakti Luhur Malang.
EFEK KOMBINASI TENS DAN STATIC CYCLE TERHADAP NILAI NYERI DAN KEMAMPUAN FUNGSIONAL PENDERITA OSTEOARTHRITIS KNEE
Authors: Natalia Christovani Eva , Sartoyo Sartoyo , Fariz Achmad , Halimah Nurul
Published: December 2024

Osteoarthritis (OA) merupakan penyakit kronis dan kelainan ortopedi yang paling umum. Sebagian besar beban sosial OA berhubungan dengan pinggul dan knee. Osteoarthritis knee kronis menyebabkan rasa sakit, degenerasi sendi, dan secara bertahap kehilangan tulang rawan sendi. Selain itu, sklerosis subkondral dan osteoarthritis kronis berhubungan langsung, dan osteofit merupakan hasil dari keduanya. Ketikaosteoarthritis kronis menyerang knee, pembengkakan dan rasa sakit bertahan selama lebih dari 12 minggu. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi TENS dan Static Cycle terhadap nilai nyeri dan kemampuan fungsional penderita osteoarthritis knee di RS K Ngesti Waluyo Temanggung. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pre eksperimental. Dengan desain penelitian mengacu pada one group pretest-posttes. Peneliti memberikan pre-test nyeri dan Fungsional Knee kepada sampel yang akan diberikan perlakuan. Kemudian peneliti melakukan perlakuan berupa TENS (Transcuntaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation) dan Static Cycle. Setelah selesai perlakuan, peneliti memberikan post-test nyeri dan Fungsional Knee. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Di RS Kristen Ngesti Waluyo Temanggung, Jawa Tengah pada Mei - Juni 2024. Populasi pada penelitian ini 45 pasien yang datang dengan keluahan nyeri knee ke instalasi rehabilitasi medik. Sampel dalam penelitian adalah penderita osteoarthritis knee pada Instalasi Rehabilitasi medik RS Kristen Ngesti Waluyo Temanggung yang sesuai dengan krteria inklusi dan ekslusi yang berjumlah 20 sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kombinasi Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation dan Static Cycle dapat mengurangi nyeri dan meningkatkan kemampuan fungsional penderita osteoarthritis. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat pengaruh kombinasi Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation dan Static Cycle terhadap penurunan nyeri peningkatan kemampuan fungsional pada kondisi Osteoarthritis Knee di RS K Ngesti Waluyo Temanggung, Jawa Tengah.
PERBANDINGAN OBAT ANTI JAMUR KETOCONAZOLE DAN SALEP 2-4 PADA KASUS TINEA PEDIS DI TEMPAT PEMBUANGAN AKHIR SAMPAH TERJUN KOTA MEDAN
Authors: Ketaren Divanya Regatha , Suhartomi Suhartomi , Fadillah Qori , Panjaitan Joice Sonya Gani , Syarifah Siti , Sihombing Jenny Ria
Published: December 2024

Tinea Pedis merupakan salah satu infeksi jamur superfisial kulit yang paling umum di seluruh dunia yang bersifat menular dan berulang. Infeksi ini sering kali tertular secara kontak langsung dengan spora organisme penyebab atau bagian kulit yang terinfeksi. Prevalensi global tinea pedis diperkirakan sekitar 3% dengan risiko seumur hidup mencapai 70%. Prevalensi pada remaja dan dewasa lebih tinggi dibandingkan pada anak-anak. Kejadian tertinggi terjadi antara usia 16 dan 45 tahun saat aktivitas tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat perbandingan efektivitas antara obat anti jamur ketoconazole dengan Salep 2 - 4 yang mengandung salisilat dalam mengobati penyakit infeksi jamur di Tempat Pembuangan Akhir Sampah Terjun Kota Medan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental uji klinis, yakni uji klinis acak terkontrol (Randomized Controlled Trial) yang dilakukan di Tempat Pembuangan Akhir Sampah Terjun Kota Medan sebanyak 32 pemulung dan petugas sampah, dibagi menjadi dua kelompok yaitu salep ketoconazole dan salep 2 - 4 dilakukan selama 14 hari dengan follow up pada hari ke - 4, 8, 14. Hasil pengobatan pada hari ke - 4 dengan angka kesembuhan salep ketoconazole (56.25%), salep 2-4 (18.75%) dengan nilai P = 0.028. Pada hari ke - 8 angka kesembuhan salep ketoconazole (68.75%) salep 2 - 4 (31.25%) dengan nilai P = 0.034. Pada hari ke – 14 angka kesembuhan salep ketoconazole (93.75%) salep 2-4 (56.25%) dengan nilai P = 0.037. Kesimpulan dari terdapat perbandingan efektivitas antara obat anti jamur ketoconazole dan salep 2-4 dalam mengobati infeksi jamur tinea pedis.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Immunomodulatory Drink Kombucha di Desa Paddingin
Authors: Nuryanti Siska , Syamsu Rachmat Faisal , Suhaenah Asriani
Published: December 2024

Kombucha merupakan salah satu jenis minuman kesehatan yang popularitasnya mulai menanjak di masyarakat dalam beberapa tahun terakhir. Secara umum, kombucha dibuat dengan bahan dasar seduhan daun teh yang ditambahkan pemanis berupa gula, kemudian difermentasi mengguna­kan SCOBY (symbiotic colony of bacteria and yeast). Mitra dalam program pengabdian ini ialah kelompok ibu PKK Desa Paddinging. Tujuan dari program kemitraan masyarakat ini adalah untuk memberikan pengetahuan kepada kelompok ibu PKK di Desa Paddinging dan memberikan pelatihan produksi immunomudulatory drink kombucha. Tahapan kegiatan yang dilakukan adalah pembentukan tim, pengumpulan data dan informasi, sosialisasi, pelaksanaan penyuluhan dan pelatihan, dan evaluasi. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah bertambahnya wawasan masyarakat tentang manfaat dan proses pembuatan immunomodulatory drink kombucha.
Problemas relacionados a medicamentos em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal (UTIN)
Authors: Oliveira Gabriela Martines Almeida , Celestino Ane Beatriz Dantas , Hassan Basma Mohamed Ahmed , Bertoluci Raquel Silveira
Published: December 2024

Introdução: A farmacoterapia em neonatos é desafiadora pela imaturidade dos órgãos responsáveis pela absorção, metabolismo e excreção dos medicamentos. Objetivo: O objetivo do presente estudo é realizar uma revisão integrativa da literatura sobre os principais problemas relacionados a medicamentos em unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal e a importância da assistência farmacêutica para corrigir, minimizar e evitar a ocorrência dos PRMs em UTIN. Método: Foi realizado levantamento bibliográfico nas bases de dados Google Acadêmico, Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e PubMed. Resultados: Os principais PRMs identificados foram os erros de prescrição e administração adstrito à falta de protocolos e infraestrutura. Os neonatos prematuros utilizam medicamentos com especialidades diferentes, muitos desses medicamentos são classificados como Off-Label (OL) e Não Licenciado (NL). As Recomendações Farmacêuticas (RFs) realizadas estavam relacionadas principalmente ao ajuste de dose, intervalo e concentração padrão. As RFs realizadas obtiveram boa porcentagem de aceitação pela equipe multiprofissional. Conclusão: O estudo mostrou que PRMs são muito frequentes em pacientes internados em UTIN, e reforça a importância do farmacêutico para corrigir, minimizar e evitar que estes erros aconteçam, assegurando a segurança e efetividade da farmacoterapia em RNs.
A relação da Biologia Molecular e Técnicas de Diagnóstico para Anemia Falciforme
Authors: Castro Francisco Vinicius Ramalho de , Alves Francisco Eduardo Ferreira , Alves Hirisleide Bezerra , Moreira Jéssica Alves
Published: December 2024

A anemia falciforme é a doença hereditária monogênica mais comum do mundo causando alteração no formato dos glóbulos vermelhos, ficando parecido com uma foice e acaba tornando os glóbulos vermelhos menos capazes de transportar oxigênio pelo corpo e devido a essa alteração dos glóbulos vermelhos aumenta o risco de obstrução dos vasos sanguíneos. Mutações no gene da hemoglobina (Hb) são frequentemente encontradas e as migrações populacionais contribuíram para que elas estivessem presentes na maior parte dos países. De acordo com o Globin Gene Server, foram descritas 1.327 variantes de hemoglobina distribuídas em diversos grupos raciais e/ou étnicos, a maioria sem representar qualquer repercussão clínica. Porém, quando associadas, essas variantes podem apresentar fisiopatologia relevante O objetivo do presente estudo é descrever a anemia falciforme e a importância do diagnóstico. Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura, descritiva e informativa, as informações passadas todas retiradas de artigos científicos publicados de forma mais recente, trazendo conteúdo atualizado e bem evidenciado. Esperamos que esta pesquisa, nos ajude no enriquecimento acadêmico e científico quanto a temática trabalhada, obtenhamos informações relevantes sobre a importância de se conhecer a anemia falciforme e seu diagnóstico.
The Effect of 12 Weeks of Regular Rope Jumping Exercises on Speed and Agility
Authors: Güngör Tolga , Acar Hakan
Published: December 2024

This study was conducted to examine the effects of 12 weeks of regular rope jumping exercises on speed and agility. A total of 73 participants, including aged between 10 and 11, who participated in regular basketball training, were included in the study and also parental consents were obtained. Participants were instructed to perform rope jumping exercises before the study; those who lacked rope jumping skills (n=4) were not included. The participants were randomly assigned to either a training group or a control group before the intervention. At the start and at the end of the study, all participants underwent tests for standing long jump, speed, balance, and agility. Training group engaged in rope jumping exercises and the control group solely participated in basketball training sessions. The data obtained were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 software. The Mann-Whitney U test was employed to determine differences between groups, while the Wilcoxon test was applied to identify differences between the pre-test and post-test results within the dependent groups. The findings indicated statistically significant differences in the training group regarding standing long jump, speed, balance, and agility when comparing pre-test and post-test data (p<0.05), whereas no statistically significant differences were found in the control group (p>0.05). Consequently, it was established that the 12 weeks of regular rope jumping exercises improved standing long jump, speed, static balance, and agility. Therefore, it is recommended that rope jumping exercises, which have been shown to contribute to the development of certain motor skills in this age group, be incorporated into training routines.
Diarrhea Prediction Model of Children Under Five Based on Sanitation Means
Authors: Erlani Erlani , Sulasmi Sulasmi , Akbar Fajar , Mulyadi Mulyadi , Haderiah Haderiah , Mappau Zrimurti
Published: December 2024

The Lamuru Health Center area has the highest number of diarrhea sufferers and is included in the top 10 most common diseases. The sanitation conditions of the house still need to be improved, as well as health requirements, such as clean water facilities, wastewater, family toilets, and waste management. The study aims to determine the prediction model of diarrhea in children under 5 years of age based on sanitation facilities in the village of Massenreng Pulu, Lamuru district, Bone Regency. This type of research is analytical and observational. The population in the study were all housewives who had toddlers in Massenreng Pulu Village, Lamuru District, Bone Regency, totaling 120 people. The study sample was mothers with toddlers as respondents, totaling 120 people, using the selection method selected by total sampling—data analysis with logistic regression test. The results show that there are three insignificant variables: clean water facilities (p-value= 0.500 (OR=0,652), toilet facilities p-value=0.808 (OR=0,895), and waste disposal facilities p-value= 0.922 (OR=0,928), meaning that the three variables do not affect the incidence of diarrhea toddlers. While the variable wastewater disposal facilities are significant, with a p-value=0.004 (OR=3,320), there is an influence on the incidence of diarrhea. This study concludes that clean water, toilets, and waste disposal facilities do not affect the incidence of diarrhea, so they cannot be included in the prediction model. Meanwhile, the variable sewerage facilities can enter predictive models with the incidence of diarrhea. There is a possibility of diarrhea occurring if the recommended wastewater conditions do not meet the requirements. It should make wastewater drainage channels that meet the requirements through government programs and with the help of local communities so that the sewerage is made permanently, waterproof, closed, and not humid.
The Effect of Durio Zibethinus L. Seed Extract on Fasting Blood Glucose and Insulin Resistance in Metabolic Syndrome Model Rats
Authors: Aisyah Siti , Harioputro Dhani Redhono , Nurwati Ida
Published: December 2024

Metabolic syndrome is known as insulin resistance syndrome, characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. Management of metabolic syndrome involves several combinations, including lifestyle modifications and pharmacological interventions. Durian seeds are one source of antioxidants that have the potential to improve blood glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. This study aims to analyze the effect of durian seed extract on changes in fasting blood glucose levels and insulin resistance. The extraction process utilized the maceration method with a 70% ethanol solution. This study consisted of 30 rats divided into six treatment groups: KN (normal group), K- (negative control), K+ (positive control metformin 9 mg/kgBW), P1, P2, and P3, which were given durian seed extract at doses of 100 mg/kgBW, 200 mg/kgBW, and 300 mg/kgBW, respectively. Metabolic syndrome rats were induced with a high-fat, high-fructose diet for 14 days, then induced with streptozocin (STZ) and nicotinamide (NA). Fasting blood glucose levels were determined using the GOD-PAP method. The HOMA-IR index was used to measure insulin resistance. The data results were evaluated using a paired T-test and one-way ANOVA. The analysis showed a significant variance in fasting blood glucose and HOMA-IR index following a 21-day treatment (p<0.05). The highest decrease was found in the 300 mg/kgBW dose group with fasting blood glucose and HOMA-IR index of 90.00 ± 2.70 mg/dl and 3.55 ± 0.11. The P2 and P3 treatments did not show different results with metformin treatment (p>0.05). The findings of this study suggest that consumption of durian seed extract for 21 days can effectively improve the condition of mice with metabolic syndrome. In addition, the drug metformin has the same effect as the intervention of durian seed extract doses of 200 and 300 mg/kgBW.
CRP/Lymphocyte Ratio and CRP/Albumin Ratio for Prognosis of Hyperglycemia in Patients Tuberculosis with Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Sitanggang Fardiah Tilawati , Sakdiah Siti , Putra Egy Sunanda
Published: December 2024

The issue is complicated by the rise in Diabetes Mellitus (DM) cases, a known risk factor for pulmonary TB, with 15% of pulmonary TB patients having a history of DM. DM and chronic hyperglycemia impair immune function, leading to long-term inflammation and worsening TB prognosis. Diagnostic methods include blood culture, AFB examination, chest X-ray, and genotyping, but more accessible tests are needed. Inflammatory markers, particularly lymphocytes, play a crucial role in TB prognosis with DM. Lymphopenia indicates chronic inflammation and a shift to memory lymphocytes. CRP, an inflammatory marker, indicates chronic inflammation, and hypoalbuminemia in DM due to kidney damage further complicates TB prognosis. The ratios of CRP to lymphocytes (CLR) and CRP to albumin (CAR) are gaining attention to better illustrate TB prognosis with DM. This cross-sectional study analyzed CLR and CAR as prognostic indicators in 30 pulmonary TB patients with DM in Jambi City from May to June 2024. CRP was tested at Prodia Jambi Laboratory, while Albumin, Lymphocytes, and blood glucose levels were tested at Labkesda of Jambi Province. The results show a Comparison with each parameter based on treatment status. Both parameters show slightly higher average values in intensive (< 2 months), with an average of 5.55 for CLR and 1.82 for CAR, and there is a significant difference in CLR between intensive and follow-up treatment statuses, and ROC curve shows that CLR parameters have indicated high sensitivity and low false positive rate with AUC 0,692. A significant relationship is found between CLR and blood glucose levels with a p-value of 0.024 and an r-value of 0.411, indicating a moderately strong relationship where an increase in CRP-Lymphocyte ratio corresponds to an increase in blood glucose levels than each parameter.
Maritime Awareness in IPAS Subjects Using TPACK Assisted Discovery Model for Elementary School Students
Authors: Ruciana Galunggung  , Rofiq Abdur , Ery Anda Prasetyo
Published: December 2024

Science and Social (IPAS) program offers a unique opportunity for students to engage with subject matter that is closely aligned with their daily lives. The IPAS program is designed to provide students with a comprehensive understanding of geographical conditions, ecosystems, and the surrounding environment. The program's objective is to provide students with an initial understanding of the potential wealth of Indonesia's natural resources in both agrarian and maritime fields. To facilitate this comprehension, educators must construct curricula that are malleable and situated within the real-world contexts of their students' lives, thereby rendering learning more meaningful. The objective of this research is to develop IPAS learning using the Discovery model with the assistance of TPACK, in order to facilitate the accommodation of students' diverse learning needs and the internalization of maritime awareness in their daily lives. This research was conducted using the research and development (R&D) method, employing the Lee & Owen model, which encompasses the following stages: needs assessment and front-end analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The trial design utilized in this development research consisted of a single group of 30 students from SDI Aisyiyah Jatinom, Blitar. The results of the trial demonstrate that the developed product meets the criteria for moderate effectiveness. This can be evidenced by the more active and explorative learning process, whereby students proactively offer opinions on the problems presented. Furthermore, the results of in-depth observations and interviews regarding the meaningfulness of maritime learning using the TPACK-assisted Discovery model are also discussed.
Malignancy rates in thyroid nodules classified as benign according to the nodule size threshold of 4 cm
Authors: Şenoymak Mustafa Can
Published: December 2024

As required by the journal's submission guidelines, an abstract has not been provided
Shadow liquid capital, recapitalization of the economy and anti-money laundering
Authors:   SE “Institute for Economics and Forecasting of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine”, Zymovets Vladyslav
Published: December 2024

Introduction. The scale of losses from the war significantly exceeds the financial capabilities of the state and the banking sector, which necessitates the search for sources of recapitalization of the economy. One of these sources can be the shadow capital, the identification of factors that stimulate their reinvestment in the recovery of Ukraine is an urgent scientific task.

Problem Statement. Scientific literature in the field of the shadow economy identifies it as the share of shadow income in GDP, leaving out the accumulation of shadow capitals. There is a lack of a scientifically based approach to assessing the amount of such capital and determining the factors of their reinvestment in the economy. The problem acquires special importance against the background of the long war against Ukraine and the significant scale of financing necessary for the economic recovery.

The purpose of the study is to determine the potential volumes of shadow liquid capital, to study the factors affecting their circulation and to outline, on this basis, the conceptual framework for activating their reinvestment in the economy of Ukraine.

Methods. Amounts of accumulated shadow liquid capital are determined by the combination of direct and indirect methods. To take into account the peculiarities of business financing in Ukraine, which consist in the replacement of equity capital with quasi-debts, investment volumes are calculated as the sum of loan and equity capital flows. The relationship between investment volumes presented in the format of a share of GDP and classical factors of influence on investment activity (expected weighted average cost of capital and country risk premium) is investigated.

Results. Algorithms for calculation have been developed and trends in the circulation of shadow liquid capital, which are only partially explained by the country risk premium (CRP), have been summarized. Additional explanations for the relative weakness of such a relationship were found - idiosyncratic risks inherent in non-financial business, awareness of the peculiarities of doing business, additional costs for compliance with anti-money laundering legislation, the influence of individual components of political risk - “external conflict" and “government stability".

Conclusions. Shadow capital can play an important role in financing recovery of the economy, provided that systematic risk is reduced and this task is identified as a priority in the strategy of detinization of the economy. Promising directions of research are the formalization and implementation in systematic risk premium the additional factors of investment of shadow capitals.