bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Polyphenylene Carboxymethylene (PPCM) Gel at Protecting Type I Interferon Receptors Knockout Mice from Intravaginal Ebola Virus Challenge
Authors: Escaffre Olivier , Juelich Terry L. , Smith Jennifer K. , Zhang Lihong , Pearson Madison , Bourne Nigel , Freiberg Alexander N.
Published: October 2024

Ebola virus (EBOV) is one of three filovirus members of the Orthoebolavirus genus that can cause severe Ebola disease (EBOD) in humans. Transmission predominantly occurs from spillover events from wildlife but has also happened between humans with infected bodily fluids. Specifically, the sexual route through infectious male survivors could be the origin of flare up events leading to the deaths of multiple women. More studies are needed to comprehend this route of infection which has recently received more focus. The use of microbicides prior to intercourse is of interest if neither of the Ebola vaccines are an option. These experimental products have been used against sexually transmitted diseases, and recently polyphenylene carboxymethylene (PPCM) showed efficacy against EBOV in vitro. Shortly after, the first animal model of EBOV sexual transmission was established using type I interferon receptors (IFNAR−/−) knockout female mice in which mortality endpoint could be achieved. Here, we investigated PPCM efficacy against a mouse-adapted (ma)EBOV isolate in IFNAR−/− mice and demonstrated that 4% PPCM gel caused a 20% reduction in mortality in two distinct groups compared to control groups when inoculated prior to virus challenge. Among animals that succumbed to disease despite PPCM treatment, we report an increase in median survival time as well as a less infectious virus, and fewer virus positive vaginal swabs compared to those from vehicle-treated animals, altogether indicating the beneficial effect of using PPCM prior to exposure. A post-study analysis of the different gel formulations tested indicated that buffering the gels would have prevented an increase in acidity seen only in vehicles, suggesting that PPCM antiviral efficacy against EBOV was suboptimal in our experimental set-up. These results are encouraging and warrant further studies using optimized stable formulations with the goal of providing additional safe protective countermeasures from sexual transmission of EBOV in humans.
Apoptotic Caspases Suppress Expression of Endogenous Retroviruses in HPV31+ Cells That Are Associated with Activation of an Innate Immune Response
Authors: Studstill Caleb , Huang Ning , Sundstrom Shelby , Moscoso Samantha , Zhang Huirong , Damania Blossom , Moody Cary
Published: October 2024

Avoidance of an immune response is critical to completion of the human papillomavirus (HPV) life cycle, which occurs in the stratified epithelium and is linked to epithelial differentiation. We previously demonstrated that high-risk HPVs use apoptotic caspases to suppress an antiviral innate immune response during the productive phase of the life cycle. We found that caspase-8 and caspase-3 suppress a type I IFN-β and type III IFN-λ response by disabling the MDA5/MAVS double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) sensing pathway, indicating that immunogenic RNAs increase upon differentiation in HPV+ cells. In this study, we demonstrate that caspase inhibition results in aberrant transcription of a subset of endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) that have been shown to activate an IFN response through dsRNA-sensing pathways. We show that the increase in ERV transcription is accompanied by an enrichment in dsRNA formation. Additionally, we demonstrate that the robust increase in ERV expression requires activation of the JAK/STAT-signaling pathway, indicating that this subset of ERVs is IFN-inducible. Overall, these results suggest a model by which caspase activity blocks the reactivation of ERVs through the JAK/STAT pathway, protecting HPV+ cells from an increase in immunogenic dsRNAs that otherwise would trigger an IFN response that inhibits productive viral replication.
Association of ACE2 Gene Variants with Adverse Perinatal Outcomes in COVID-19 Infected Pregnant Women in Kazakhstan
Authors: Mukhtarova Kymbat , Tazhibayeva Karina , Myrzabekova Aigul , Koikov Vitaliy , Khamidullina Zaituna , Terzic Milan , Bapayeva Gauri , Zhumambayeva Saule , Azizan Azliyati , Sarría-Santamera Antonio
Published: October 2024

SARS-CoV-2 utilizes the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors located on membranes to enter host cells. Nevertheless, the ACE2 gene primarily encodes for a zinc metalloproteinase, which is a part of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS). ACE2 downregulation results in the deregulation of RAS in favor of pro-fibrosis, pro-apoptosis, oxidative stress, pro-inflammation, aldosterone production and release, and blood vessel contraction axis. ACE2 is highly expressed in the placenta. There are both axes of the RAS system in the placenta. This study aims to assess the perinatal outcomes with ACE2 receptor polymorphisms in pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy. The case-control study was conducted to determine the association of ACE2 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in 171 COVID-19-positive pregnant subjects and 112 control subjects. The recessive mutations of rs2158082 and rs4830974 were associated with an increased risk of low birthweight and preterm birth, whereas the dominant mutation of rs2285666 (CT + TT) was associated with decreased odds of low birthweight. COVID-19 was not a significant factor contributing to the adverse perinatal outcomes in our sampling. These findings may help to clarify the controversy regarding the increased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes observed during COVID-19 as well as provide new perspectives for research on the genetic factors associated with a higher risk of adverse perinatal outcomes.
HPV and HCMV in Cervical Cancer: A Review of Their Co-Occurrence in Premalignant and Malignant Lesions
Authors: Blanco Rancés , Muñoz Juan P.
Published: October 2024

Cervical cancer remains a significant global health concern, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. While persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) is essential for cervical cancer development, it is not sufficient on its own, suggesting the involvement of additional cofactors. The human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a widespread β-herpesvirus known for its ability to establish lifelong latency and reactivate under certain conditions, often contributing to chronic inflammation and immune modulation. Emerging evidence suggests that HCMV may play a role in various cancers, including cervical cancer, through its potential to influence oncogenic pathways and disrupt host immune responses. This review explores clinical evidence regarding the co-presence of HR-HPV and HCMV in premalignant lesions and cervical cancer. The literature reviewed indicates that HCMV is frequently detected in cervical lesions, particularly in those co-infected with HPV, suggesting a potential synergistic interaction that could enhance HPV’s oncogenic effects, thereby facilitating the progression from low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) to high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) and invasive cancer. Although the precise molecular mechanisms were not thoroughly investigated in this review, the clinical evidence suggests the importance of considering HCMV alongside HPV in the management of cervical lesions. A better understanding of the interaction between HR-HPV and HCMV may lead to improved diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive strategies for cervical cancer.
Nano-Biomechanical Investigation of Phosphatidylserine-Mediated Ebola Viral Attachment via Human Gas6 and Axl
Authors: Hou Decheng , Mu Qian , Chen Weixuan , Cao Wenpeng , Zhang Xiaohui Frank
Published: October 2024

The Ebola virus is a deadly pathogen that has been threatening public health for decades. Recent studies have revealed alternative viral invasion routes where Ebola virus approaches cells via interactions among phosphatidylserine (PS), PS binding ligands such as Gas6, and TAM family receptors such as Axl. In this study, we investigate the interactions among phosphatidylserine on the Ebola viral-like particle (VLP) membrane, human Gas6, and human Axl using atomic force microscope-based single molecule force spectroscopy to compare their binding strength and affinity from a biomechanical perspective. The impact of calcium ions on their interactions is also studied and quantified to provide more details on the calcium-dependent phosphatidylserine-Gas6 binding mechanism. Our results indicate that, in the presence of calcium ions, the binding strengths of VLP-Gas6 and VLP-Gas6-Axl increase but are still weaker than that of Gas6-Axl, and the binding affinity of VLP-Gas6 and VLP-Gas6-Axl is largely improved. The binding strength and affinity of Gas6-Axl basically remain the same, indicating no impact in the presence of calcium ions. Together, our study suggests that, under physiological conditions with calcium present, the Ebola virus can utilize its membrane phosphatidylserine to dock on cell surface via Gas6-Axl bound complex.
Analysis of Memory Antibody Responses in Individuals with Zika-Associated Guillain–Barré Syndrome
Authors: Premazzi Papa Michelle , Mantus Grace , Kabra Kareem , Herrera Gomez Carlos , Ward Adam , Encinales Liliana , Cadena Andres , Chang Aileen , Lynch Rebecca M.
Published: October 2024

The Zika virus (ZIKV) was responsible for a major outbreak in 2015 in the Americas. Infections were associated with increased cases of microcephaly in infants and Guillain–Barré Syndrome (GBS) in adults. Our group previously demonstrated that Zika-associated GBS correlated with the increased neutralization of ZIKV and DENV2, but the antibody specificity was not analyzed. Here, we generated reporter virus particles (RVPs) of ZIKV with specific-point mutations that allowed us to investigate the specificity of circulating plasma antibodies at two different timepoints from individuals with Zika-associated GBS. We found that neutralizing antibody titers to ZIKV waned between one and two years post-ZIKV infection in GBS-negative but not GBS-positive individuals. Interestingly, plasma neutralization by GBS-negative individuals was more sensitive to a mutation at position N154A than plasma from GBS-positive individuals. To determine if waning was associated with different levels of B-cell activation at the time of infection, pro-inflammatory cytokines were measured, but no differences were observed in people with or without GBS. These data suggest subtle differences between GBS-positive and-negative individuals’ circulating antibodies, where antibodies from GBS-positive individuals may target different epitopes and remain in circulation longer as compared to GBS-negative individuals.
Avatar Detection in Metaverse Recordings
Authors: Becker Felix , Steinert Patrick , Wagenpfeil Stefan , Hemmje Matthias L.
Published: October 2024

The metaverse is gradually expanding. There is a growing number of photo and video recordings of metaverse virtual worlds being used in multiple domains, and the collection of these recordings is a rapidly growing field. An essential element of the metaverse and its recordings is the concept of avatars. In this paper, we present the novel task of avatar detection in metaverse recordings, supporting semantic retrieval in collections of metaverse recordings and other use cases. Our work addresses the characterizations and definitions of avatars and presents a new model that supports avatar detection. The latest object detection algorithms are trained and tested on a variety of avatar types in metaverse recordings. Our work achieves a significantly higher level of accuracy than existing models, which encourages further research in this field.
Shoreline Behavior in Response to Coastal Structures: A Case Study in Haikou Bay, China
Authors: Zhu Yu , Zeng Weite , Zhou Yingtao , Zhang Juntong
Published: October 2024

The rapid development of coastal structures on sandy coastlines raises concerns about their impacts on the shoreline’s evolution and the sediment transport dynamics. This study utilized a numerical modeling approach to simulate the multi-year response of Haikou Bay’s coastline to various nearshore structures, including piers and a large artificial island. The LITLINE module of the MIKE21 (v2020) software was employed to analyze the sediment transport patterns across three distinct coastal segments. The simulation results indicated that the sediment transport directions varied significantly: from west to east in the western segment, from east to west in the middle segment, and convergence toward the center in the eastern segment, divided by a construction trestle. The net sediment transport rates were quantified as 2000 m3/year for the western segment, 8000 m3/year for the middle segment, and 13,000 m3/year (west) and 10,000 m3/year (east) for the eastern segment. Due to the conflicting sediment transport directions on each side of the breakwater, noticeable deposition occurred on both sides. The presence of the artificial island created notable deposition in its wave shadow area, while the overall impact on the shoreline changes diminished over time. These findings underscore the significant influence of human activities, particularly coastal structures, on the natural evolution of shorelines.
Dam Siltation in the Mediterranean Region Under Climate Change: A Case Study of Ahmed El Hansali Dam, Morocco
Authors: Mosaid Hassan , Barakat Ahmed , Bouras El Houssaine , Ismaili Maryem , El Garnaoui Mohamed , Abdelrahman Kamal , Kahal Ali Y.
Published: October 2024

Dams are vital for irrigation, power generation, and domestic water needs, but siltation poses a significant challenge, especially in areas prone to water erosion, potentially shortening a dam’s lifespan. The Ahmed El Hansali Dam in Morocco faces heightened siltation due to its upstream region being susceptible to erosion-prone rocks and high runoff. This study estimates the siltation at the dam from its construction up to 2014 using bathymetric data and the Brown model, which is a widely-used empirical model that calculates reservoir trap efficiency. Additionally, the study evaluates the impact of Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) changes and projected future rainfall until around 2076 based on siltation rates. The results indicate that changes in LULC, particularly temporal variations in precipitation, have a significant impact on the siltation of the Ahmed El Hansali dam. Notably, rainfall is strongly correlated with the siltation rate, with an R2 of 0.92. The efficiency of sediment trapping (TE) is 97.64%, meaning that 97.64% of the sediment in the catchment area is trapped or deposited at the bottom of the dam. The estimated annual specific sediment yield is about 32,345.79 tons/km2/yr, and the sediment accumulation rate is approximately 4.75 Mm3/yr. The dam’s half-life is estimated to be around 2076, but future precipitation projections may extend this timeframe due to the strong correlation between siltation and precipitation. Additionally, soil erosion driven by land management practices plays a crucial role in future siltation dynamics. Hence, this study offers a comprehensive assessment of the siltation dynamics at the Ahmed El Hansali dam, providing essential information on the long-term effects of erosion, land use changes, and climate projections. These findings may assist decision makers in managing dam reservoir sedimentation more effectively, ensuring the durability of the dam and extending the reservoir life.
Natural Vanadium–Titanium Magnetite Activated Peroxydisulfate and Peroxymonosulfate for Acid Orange II Degradation: Different Activation Mechanisms and Influencing Factors
Authors: Zhang Zheng , Zhao Libin , Tian Jingyuan , Ren Shaojie , Zhang Wei
Published: October 2024

Persulfate-based advanced oxidation processes have emerged as a promising approach for the degradation of organic pollutants in aqueous environments due to their ability to generate sulfate radicals (SO4−·) within catalytic systems. In this study, peroxydisulfate (PDS) and peroxymonosulfate (PMS) were investigated with the natural vanadium–titanium magnetite (VTM) as the activator for the degradation of acid orange II. The degradation efficiency increased with higher dosages of VTM or persulfate (both PDS and PMS) at lower concentrations (below 10 mM). However, excessive PMS (higher than 10 mM) in the PMS/VTM system led to the self-consumption of free radicals, significantly inhibiting the degradation of acid orange II. The VTM-activated PDS or PMS maintained an effective degradation of acid orange II in a wide pH range (3~11), suggesting remarkable pH stability. The SO4−· was the main active species in the PDS/VTM system, while hydroxyl radical (·OH) also contributed significantly to the PMS/VTM system. In addition, PMS exhibited better thermal stability during VTM activation. Coexisting ions in an aqueous environment such as bicarbonate (HCO3–), carbonate (CO32–), and hydrogen phosphate (HPO42–) had obvious effects on persulfate activation. Our study systematically investigated the different activation processes and influencing factors associated with PDS and PMS when the natural VTM was used as a catalyst, thereby providing new insights into the persulfate-mediated degradation of organic pollutants in aqueous environments.
Optimization Study of the Structural Parameters of an Artificial Percolation Intake Riverbed Based on a Numerical Orthogonal Test
Authors: Yang Ming , Wang Lianle , Sun Xihuan , Li Yongye , Zheng Lijian
Published: October 2024

Research on water abstraction techniques in sandy rivers is crucial for addressing water scarcity issues in northern China. This study introduces an artificial percolation water intake riverbed structural model designed to prevent sand intake and facilitate the extraction of clear water from sandy rivers, the main function of which is to artificially construct a helical flow field to realize the separation of water and sand and, at the same time, percolate the water. In this paper, we use a numerical orthogonal test method to study the influence of structural parameters and their combinations on water extraction by percolation, and the preferred combination of structural parameters. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: Under the condition of certain structural parameters of the artificial riverbed, the single-width flow rate has an important effect on the mean circumferential flow rate of the vortex tube and the vortex tube seepage volume. The effect of different structural parameters on the mean circumferential flow rate of the vortex tube and the vortex tube seepage varies in magnitude. The longitudinal slope of artificial riverbed i had the greatest and most significant effect on the mean circumferential flow rate of the vortex tube, and each structural parameter had some effect on the vortex tube seepage Q but not to a significant level. When the sand content of the water flow is 15 kg/m3 and the maximum sand grain size of the suspended mass is 2 mm, the optimal structural parameter combinations of the artificial riverbed under different working conditions are as follows: Combination 20 is the optimal structural parameter combination for q = 0.3 m2/s; Combination 24 is the optimal structural parameter combination for q = 0.6 m2/s; and Combination 24 is the optimal structural parameter combination for q = 0.9 m2/s. The present study is of great significance for understanding the influence of each structural parameter and its combination on the effect of the water intake and sand discharge of an artificial percolation intake riverbed, and for optimizing the combination of the structural parameters of an artificial percolation intake riverbed.
The Surface Water Potentiality in Arid and Semi-Arid Basins Using GIS and HEC-HMS Modeling, Case Study: Gebel El Sibai Watershed, Red Sea
Authors: Elsheikh Abdelfattah Elsayed , El Ammawy Mahmoud A. , Hamadallah Nessrien M. , Hassan Sedky H. A. , Oh Sang-Eun , Attia Kotb A. , Darwish Mahmoud H.
Published: October 2024

The Red Sea region is considered one of the regions that suffer most from water scarcity among the Egyptian areas. This situation reinforces the importance of maximizing the utilization of available water sources. Rainwater and flood harvesting may form a good water source if good harvesting practices are applied. Natural pastures, Bedouin communities, and wild plants may be affected by severe droughts expected due to climate change. Additional water resources are very important to enhance the resilience of the Bedouin communities to probable droughts. Five main hydrographic basins are issued from Gebel El Sibai (+1435 m), including Wadi Esel, Wadi Sharm El Bahari, Wadi Sharm El Qibli, Wadi Wizr, and Wadi Umm Gheig. Detailed investigation of morphometric parameters, runoff/rainfall relationship, and flood volume using GIS and HEC-HMS model of each basin were estimated as well as natural vegetation. This study reveals that rainfall ranges from 84 mm to 0 mm, and a storm of 84 mm (highest event) is expected to occur every 42 years with a probability of 2.4%. Quantitative morphometric analysis implies that the area has good potential for flooding, especially Wadi Sharm El Qibli and Wadi Umm Gheig, where Wadi Sharm El Bahri represents the lowest priority for flooding. The flood volume of Umm Gheig basin is the greatest: 12 million m3 at the basin outlet with a rainfall event of 15 mm. Wadi Esel is expected to collect 8.7 million m3 due to the ratio of the impervious soil and rainfall quantity, Wadi Sharm El Bahari 2.1 million m3, Wadi Sharm El Qibli 1.6 million m3, and Wadi Wizer 1.04 million m3. Seven storage dams (SD1-SD7) were proposed to enhance the utilization of the surface water potentialities of this study area.
Special Needs in Substance Use Treatment for Women Who Use Drugs: Social and Mental Health Factors
Authors: Molina-Fernández Antonio Jesús , Saiz-Galdos Jesús , Arribas-Tiemblo Irene María , Hansen-Rodríguez Gisela , Sánchez-Iglesias Iván , Ayllón-Alonso Elena , Mena-García Banesa
Published: October 2024

Women who receive substance use treatment have a particular classification of sensitivity to European drugs and drug use (according to the EMCDDA). The average level of women’s treatment is lower than men’s across Europe, while women’s abandonment is higher than men’s. The purpose of this study was to examine the factors associated with problems for women who use drugs, analyzing several psychological and social factors (gender, substance use, mental health, source of economic support, legal status, and abuse). Methodology: This was a quantitative study. Data on 2179 people receiving rehabilitation treatment were obtained from the EuropASI survey. The dependent variables in this study were (1) a patient’s known history of addiction and mental illness; (2) primary drug use; (3) drug use in their lifetime and the past month; (4) mood in their lifetime and the past month, physical condition, and sexual abuse history; (5) mental illness in their lifetime and the past month (including suicide attempts); (6) legal status in their lifetime and the past month; (7) and source of income in the past month and (8) and the number of patients. The factor of gender was taken as a dichotomous variable (male–female). The confidence interval used was 95%. Results: In summary, we found that women had consumed more alcohol, used more drugs, and suffered more from depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation than men, both during their lifetimes and in the past month. In addition, women were more likely than men to be stigmatized for prostitution because their financial support came mainly from colleagues, friends, and family, as well as from prostitution. Finally, women had experienced more violence (emotional, physical, and sexual) during their lifetimes and in the last month than men. Conclusion: There appears to be a need to develop a comprehensive treatment network for addictive behaviors from a multifactorial perspective, including harm reduction, psychosocial support, and recovery programs; furthermore, targeting specific groups with special needs, such as women, especially those with mental health problems, women with alcoholism, and abused women, it also seems important to develop adaptive recovery programs within addictive behavior treatment networks.
Reforço da gestão da qualidade nas empresas do setor petroquímico
Authors: Peralta Jorge Bernal , Corrêa Jorvich García , Echeverría Rocío Gutiérrez , Strobel Jorge Costa , Álvarez Laura Paternina
Published: October 2024

Foi determinado o processo de reforço da gestão da qualidade nas empresas do setor petroquímico. O trabalho com uma abordagem quantitativa, do tipo explicativo, é considerado um campo com um desenho transacional não experimental. A amostra intencional foi constituída por 16 gestores de diferentes empresas petroquímicas que estiveram envolvidos nos processos organizacionais das áreas administrativas. A técnica de observação foi utilizada através de inquérito, ou questionário aplicado após itens com múltiplas opções de resposta para cinco (5) alternativas, cada uma delas: Sempre; Quase sempre; uma vez; Quase nunca; Nunca. Foi realizado para analisar todos os processos que operam dentro da organização e estes devem ser atualizados e depois transferidos para a área digital de acordo com as normas ISO, tornando-se a gestão da inovação. Esta transformação não só garante a conformidade com as regulamentações internacionais, como também impulsiona uma gestão eficaz da inovação dentro da organização.
Using Personas in Human Capital Management: A Novel Concept Affected by Legal, Ethical and Technological Considerations
Authors: Mikhlina Anastasiia , Saukkonen Juha
Published: October 2024

Nowadays, Human Capital Management (HCM) is seen as a service whose consumers are current and potential future employees. Some trends pushing the HCM operations to new approaches are the rise of individualization and flexible work as well as the changing expectations and values that new generations X and Y bring to the way people management is evolving. Companies need new tools and approaches along the lifecycle of their employee relations – from applicant pool construction and maintenance to recruitment and training. In SME companies the management is likely to address HCM needs on a very individual level. However, larger companies need to categorize their human capital into certain entities to mass-customize their HCM services. This paper explores the proponents and challenges in the usability of the Persona concept for HCM. Persona is a service design approach widely applied in marketing, and a few research papers have argued that personas may have a role in improved people-oriented HCM. Personas – as commonly used in the sphere of marketing - aim to create a limited set of archetypes that differ from each other. Whereas the traditional customer and employee clustering methods leaned heavily on demographics (age, experience, job title, etc.), the persona concept adds psychographic elements like values, and social engagement to form the basis of service development and delivery. The contents of personas are often a mix of real-life data-backed facts of people existing and some imaginary attributes. Different personas will likely request different services to feel fully motivated and supported. This paper studies the awareness of personas among HCM experts across industries and countries as well as the ideas for personas in HCM by marketing professional more used with the use of personas in their profession. The qualitative study based on twelve semi-structured individual interviews was conducted in November-December 2022. The results indicate that the HCM community knows about the persona concept and early adoptions or plans for implementation are ongoing. However, the current usage of personas is mainly focused on employer branding and recruitment (the most marketing-type of HCM actions), and only in a few cases does the usage cover the spectrum of internal HCM processes. The study also revealed some limitations for HCM that are not present in the marketing field. Demands for transparency, equality, data privacy, and personal integrity set challenges in clustering the workforce. The novel technical solutions such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) in persona creation offer efficiency and a deeper analytical foundation in persona development but also bring in new questions of transparency and ethicality of their use. The results indicate the further need for research on best practices of creating and using Personas in a way that ethically and legally serves the interests of both the company and the employee.
ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ В ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИИ
Authors: А.М. Гржибовский , С.В. Иванов , М.А. Горбатова
Published: October 2024

В настоящей работе представлены основные принципы планирования, проведения и статистической обработки данных экспериментальных исследований в здравоохранении. Приведены практические примеры расчета размера выборки и статистического сравнения наблюдаемых групп с помощью онлайн-калькуляторов. Авторы представляют практические примеры использования экспериментальных исследований в литературе, а также достоинства и недостатки данного типа исследований. Настоящая статья призвана дать общие сведения об экспериментальных исследованиях, и не заменяет прочтения специализированной литературы по клинической эпидемиологии.

In this paper we present basic principles of planning and carrying out experimental studies in health sciences as well as analyzing the data collected in these studies. We present practical examples of sample size and group comparison using online calculators. Examples of experimental studies from international peer-reviewed literature are also presented. This article provides general introduction to experimental studies and does not substitute specialized literature in clinical epidemiology.

Осы жұмыста денсаулық сақтаудағы көлденең эксперименталды зерттеулердіжоспарлау, өткізу және статистикалық өңдеудің негізгі принциптері көрсетілген. Epi Info эпидемиологиялық мәліметтерді өңдеу үшін онлайн-калькуляторлар мен пакет көмегімен қауіп факторлары арасындағы байланысты таңдау және бағалау мөлшері есебінің практикалық мысалдары келтірілген. Авторлар әдебиеттегі көлденең эксперименталды зерттеулерді пайдаланудың практикалық мысалдарын, сол сияқты осы зерттеу түрлері қасиеттері мен жетіспеушіліктерін келтіреді. Осы мақала көлденең эксперименталды зерттеулер туралы жалпы мәліметтер беруге бейімделген, және клиникалық эпидемиология бойынша мамандандырылған әдебиетті оқуды ауыстырмайды.
ХИРУРГИЧЕСКОЕ ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ЛИМФОМЫ ХОДЖКИНА ВИЛОЧКОВОЙ ЖЕЛЕЗЫ, А ТАКЖЕ ПОЗДНЕЕ ПОСЛЕОПЕРАЦИОННОЕ ОСЛОЖНЕНИЕ – РЕЛАКСАЦИЯ ОБОИХ КУПОЛОВ ДИАФРАГМЫ. КЛИНИЧЕСКИЙ ПРИМЕР
Authors: С.Д. Фокеев , С.Ю. Капитулин , Е.С. Казанцева , Э.К. Капитулина , М.К. Сыздыкбаев
Published: October 2024

Резюме Представлены результаты комплексного лечения вилочковой железы, пораженной лимфомойХоджкина. На первом этапе выполнена радикальная операция - удаление массивного опухолевого поражения средостения, с последующей химиотерапией. Безрецидивное (14 летнее) наблюдение за больной, выявило позднее послеоперационное осложнение – релаксация обоих куполов диафрагмы, которое потребовало хирургической коррекции.

This article presents the results of complex treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma involving the thymus gland. At the first stage, a radical operation was performed- removal of a massive mediastinal tumor, followed by chemotherapy. Recurrence-free (14-year) examination of the patient revealed a late postoperative complication-relaxation of both diaphragm domes, which required surgical correction.

Ходжкин лимфомасымен закымдалған айырша бездің кешенді емінің нәтижелері көрсетілген. Бірінші кезеңде массиивті ісікпен зақымдалған көкірек қуысына операция жасалган, кейіннен химиотерапия. Рецидивсіз 14 жыл, наукасты бакылау операциядан кейінгі кеш асқынулар - диафрагманың екң доғасының релаксациясы, өз кезегінде хирургиялык араласуды кажет етеді.
КЛИНИЧЕСКИЙ СЛУЧАЙ САРКОИДОЗА ЛЕГКИХ У ПАЦИЕНТКИ С ОНКОПАТОЛОГИЕЙ
Authors: М.А. Есенгельдинова , Р.А. Бакенова , Т.З. Сейсембеков
Published: October 2024

Плановое проведение флюорографического обследования органов грудной клетки явилось отправным пунктом диагностического процесса. Сложность данного клинического случая обусловлена тем, что, результаты ПЭТ, совмещенной с КТ легких в сочетании с анамнестическими данными, интерпретировали как раковой процесс в легких с метастазированием. Однако отсутствие клинической картины онкологического процесса, «спокойные» лабораторные показатели инициировали углубленное обследование с морфологической верификацией диагноза (методом получения материала была трансбронхиальная биопсия легких и внутригрудных лимфатических узлов), а назначенная терапия системными глюкокортикостероидами улучшило состояние пациентки и предшествующих рентгенологических изменений. Данный случай демонстрирует необходимость индивидуального (персонифицированного) подхода в диагностике и лечении саркоидоза.

The planned fluorographic examination of the chest organs was starting point of the diagnostic process. The complexity of this clinical case is due to the fact that the results of PET combined with CT of the lungs in combination with anamnestic data were interpreted as a cancer process in the lungs with metastasis. However, the absence of a clinical picture of the oncological process, such as a “с alm” laboratory parameter initiated an in-depth examination with morphological verification of the diagnosis (the method of obtaining the material was transbronchial biopsy of the lungs and intrathoracic lymph nodes). In addition, the prescribed therapy with systemic glucocorticoids improved the patient's condition and previous radiological changes. This case demonstrates the significance of individual (personalized) approach in the diagnosis and treatment of sarcoidosis.

Кеуде мүшелерін жоспарлы флюорографиялық тексерудиагностикалық процестің бастапқы нүктесі болды. Бұл клиникалық жағдайдың күрделілігі ПЭТ нәтижелерінің өкпенің КТ-мен анамнестикалық мәліметтермен біріктірілген нәтижелері метастазбен өкпеде қатерлі ісік процесі ретінде түсіндірілуіне байланысты. Алайда, онкологиялық процестің клиникалық көрінісінің болмауы, зертханалық «тыныштық» параметрлері диагнозды морфологиялық тексерумен терең зерттеуді бастады (материал алу әдісі өкпенің трансбронхиалды биопсиясы және кеуде ішілік лимфа түйіндері) және жүйелі глюкокортикостероидтармен тағайындалған терапия науқастың жағдайын және бұрынғырентгенологиялық өзгерістерді жақсартты. Бұл жағдай саркоидозды диагностикалау мен емдеудіжеке (дербестендірілген) тәсілдің қажеттілігін көрсетеді.
КЛИНИЧЕСКИЙ СЛУЧАЙ: СИМПТОМАТИКА И ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ КОРОНАВИРУСНОЙ ИНФЕКЦИИ НА ФОНЕ ХРОНИЧЕСКОЙ БОЛЕЗНИ ПОЧЕК
Authors: Г.К. Капанова , А.Ш. Каскабаева , Р.И. Алибекова , А.С. Ботабаева , Д.К. Муздубаев
Published: October 2024

В данной статье представлен клинический случай особенностей течения и лечения новой коронавирусной инфекции на фоне хронической почечной недостаточности смешанного происхождения, развившейся вследствие нескольких дегенеративных заболеваний, наиболее часто встречающихся в современном мире. Проведенный анализ демонстрируемой истории болезни свидетельствует о негативном влиянии хронической болезни почек на характер течения Ковид-инфекции. Кроме того, довольно отчетливо прослеживается существенное влияние на прогноз при лечении острого вирусного процесса стадии хронической почечной недостаточности. Именно этот фактор определяет степень адекватного ответа на применяемое комплексное лечение новой коронавирусной инфекции, включающее использование этиотропных, патогенетических, симптоматических лекарственных средств. Современные схемы лечения тяжелых форм новой коронавирусной инфекции позволяют улучшить прогноз при этом заболевании у лиц с хроническими заболеваниями внутренних органов.

This article presents a clinical case of the features of the course and treatment of a new coronavirus infection against the background of the chronic renal failure of mixed origin, which developed as a result of several degenerative diseases, that are most common in the modern world. The analysis of the demonstrated medical history testifies to the negative impact of chronic kidney disease on the course of Covid infection. In addition, a significant effect on the prognosis in the treatment of an acute viral process of the stage of chronic renal failure is quite clearly traced. It is this factor, which determines the degree of an adequate response to the applied complex treatment of a new coronavirus infection, including the use of etiotropic, pathogenetic, symptomatic drugs. Modern treatment regimens for severe forms of a new coronavirus infection can improve the prognosis for this disease in people with chronic diseases of internal organs.

Бұл мақалада қазіргі әлемде жиі кездесетін, бірнеше дегенеративті аурулар салдарынан дамыған, аралас текті созылмалы бүйрек жеткіліксіздігінің аясында пайда болған жаңа коронавирусты инфекцияның ағымы мен ем ерекшеліктерінің клиникалық жағдайы келтірілген. Берілген сырқатнаманың талдауы барысында созылмалы бүйрек ауруы Ковид - инфекциясының ағымына кері әсерін тигізетінін көрсетті. Сонымен қатар, созылмалы бүйрек жеткіліксіздігінің ауырлық сатысы да жедел вирусты процесстің ем болжамына айқын ықпал ететінін байқатты. Дәл осы фактор, жаңа коронавирусты инфекцияның емінде қолданылатын күрделі этиотропты, патогенездік және симптоматикалық дәрілік заттардың әсерлі жауабының дәрежесін анықтайды. Жаңа коронавирусты инфекцияның ауыр түрлерінің заманауи емдеу кестелері созылмалы ішкі ағзалардың аурулары бар адамдарда осы аурудың болжамын жақсартуына мүмкіндік береді.
Improving Deep Learning Forecasting Model Based on LSTM for Türkiye’s Hydro-Electricity Generation
Authors: Bulut Mehmet
Published: October 2024

Electricity production in hydraulic power plants depends on the amount of water coming into the basin. This varies depending on precipitation such as snow and rain during the year, but when looking at the years, production is shaped according to the years when meteorological data are similar to each other. LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) plays an important role in hydropower forecasting, as it is a special artificial neural network designed to model complex relationships on time series data, which is affected by various meteorological factors such as precipitation, temperature, and hydrological data such as water level, such as hydroelectric power production. Therefore, in this study, a forecast system based on the LSTM network model which is one of the deep learning methods was proposed for monthly hydropower-based electricity production forecast in Türkiye. The developed deep learning-based hydropower forecast model provides future production planning based on time series based on actual hydropower production data. Using real production data and LSTM learning models of different structures, monthly hydraulic electricity production forecasts for the next year were made and the models' performances were examined. As a result of this study, RMSE 32.4245 and MAPE 16.03% values and 200-layer LSTM model trained with 12-year data with 144 monthly data points containing hydroelectric generation information was obtained as the best model, and the performance values of the model showed that it was the correct forecasting model. The overall efficiency parameters of the found LSTM model were checked with NSE 0.5398 and KGE 0.8413 values. The performance of the model was found to be a high-accuracy model within acceptable limits and with a correlation value of R2 0.9035 to be very close to reality. The results obtained from this study have shown that deep learning models developed based on many years of production data give successful results in hydroelectric production prediction and can be used as a basis for electricity production planning.
Summer School in Computational Physiology: A Collaborative Course in Modeling Excitable Tissues
Authors: McCabe Kimberly J. , Forsch Nickolas , Edwards Andrew G. , Maleckar Mary M.
Published: October 2024

Computational modeling of physiology is a multiscale, multidisciplinary field requiring a diverse set of skills and backgrounds. The Simula Summer School in Computational Physiology aims to teach graduate students from around the world practical methods for multiscale modeling of excitable tissues (specifically, the heart and brain). This joint summer school is collaboratively based on the complementary expertise and shared educational goals of three institutions: Simula Research Laboratory, the University of Oslo, and the University of California San Diego. The summer school’s core goal is to promote successful research collaboration among the host institutions and to train excellent computational researchers. Keys to the success of this type of school include sustainable funding, close mentorship, and innovative, adaptive teaching tools. Using a combination of lectures, hands-on programming modules, and real-world projects in small groups with experienced scientific mentors, this unique program is an immersive way for young scientists to develop skills and network with future peers from around the world.
Intraneural Lipoma of the Median Nerve Causing Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in a 57-year-old Filipino Female: A Case Report
Authors: Calimag Alfonso Pio , Pua John Hubert
Published: October 2024

A 57-year-old female presented with a history of a progressively enlarging palmar mass over three years, with associated numbness over the median nerve distribution and difficulty in gripping due to dimensions of the mass. Physical examination revealed a 4 x 5 cm, movable, non-tender mass over the thenar eminence and a 2 x 1 cm movable, non-tender mass over the center of the palm. Tinel’s sign was positive over the mass and the carpal tunnel. Excision of the mass was performed under intravenous regional anesthesia. A curvilinear incision made from the thenar crease distally to the midline of the wrist overlying the carpal tunnel, proximally. Dissection was carried down to the transverse carpal ligament which was transected to allow visualization of the mass and its attachment to the median nerve. The mass described in this present case report shares characteristics from cases in previously published literature. Its gross appearance was highly indicative of a lipoma and its close relationship with the median nerve suggested an epineural origin. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a well-defined lesion, suggesting a mass that was more likely to be excised, potentially leading to better neurologic outcomes. Intraneural lipomas (within the epineurium) are rare soft-tissue tumors that predominantly occur in the hand and forearm. Most cases reported involve the median nerve, followed by the radial nerve, posterior interosseus nerve and more rarely the brachial plexus. Compression of peripheral nerves by benign adipose tumors is infrequently reported in literature, with most publications restricted to case reports or series of a few patients. To the author’s knowledge, this is the first article describing an intraneural lipoma in the Filipino population.
Sağlık Kurumlarında Şiddet: Türkiye Profili
Authors: Diğer Hülya , Bilgin Rıfat
Published: October 2024

Bu araştırma, sağlık çalışanlarının şiddete maruz kalmasına odaklanmaktadır. Araştırmanın amacı, sağlık kurumlarında şiddet konusunu Türkiye bağlamında incelemek ve bir Türkiye profili oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın evrenini Türkiye'de sağlıkta şiddet konulu makaleler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemi ise 96 makale çalışmasından ibarettir. Araştırmanın amacı, Türkiye'de sağlık kurumlarında şiddetin genel profilini ortaya koymak ve şiddeti önlemeye yönelik bir sağlık politikası önermektir. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre, Türkiye'de sağlık kurumlarında yaşanan şiddet olayları 2012 yılı itibariyle önemli ölçüde artmıştır. Bununla birlikte, şiddet olaylarının en çok kamu hastanelerinde, acil servislerde ve 08:00-16:00 saatleri arasında gerçekleştiği tespit edilmiştir. En fazla şiddet olayına hekimlerin maruz kaldığı, en fazla şiddet olayının İstanbul'da yaşandığı ve şiddet olaylarının çoğunlukla hizmet alan kişiler tarafından gerçekleştirildiği de elde edilen diğer sonuçlar arasındadır.
Alla ricerca della salvezza della mente e dell’anima nell’impero romano. Uno sguardo archeologico
Authors: David Max Victor
Published: October 2024

In Roman society of the third century CE, marked by deep innovative drives and by the search for new intellectual models and new forms of transcendence, a comparative reading of christianity and mithraism appears indispensable for understanding these religious phenomena. For a cult like mithraism the voice of archaeological sources is particularly significant and almost exclusive. In fact, literary sources are largely deficient especially when compared with those relating to christianity. After more than a century of systematic research, the construction of a proper Mithraic archaeology is the most appropriate and adequate response to the questions posed by advancing research and discoveries. The international value of a topic that directly involves not only archaeologists but also historians, epigraphists and specialists in history of religions was well demonstrated by the major traveling exhibition on “Mithra plongée au coeur d’un culte romain” (2021-2022).
O ser negro como lócus de interpretação do Brasil
Authors: Dutra Guilherme Pessoa
Published: October 2024

This paper aims to analyze the formation of a critical fortune prepared by Afro-Brazilian intellectuals throughout the 20th century, taking into account the central role of black associations as pillars of the elaboration of social thought. It starts from the criticism of the limitations, concerning race and gender, of the double meaning of Brazilian social thought for the presentation of the grammars of Afro-Brazilian social thought. We intend to demonstrate the decisive character of black sociopolitical imagination for the epistemic democratization of interpretations of Brazil.
The Importance of Psychological Factors, E-Service Quality, and Perceived Value in Maintaining Indonesia Life Insurance Customer Loyalty
Authors: Kuswanto Adi
Published: October 2024

Insurance customers in Indonesia are motivated and attach importance to the quality of electronic services and the perceived value exceeds the expected value. Therefore, this paper aims to examine the influence of psychological factors, electronic service quality, and perceived value on customer loyalty of life insurance companies in Indonesia. Through a literature review, a hypothesis was developed by exploring previous research related to the impact of psychological factors, electronic service quality, and perceived value on customer loyalty. The survey was conducted on 165 life insurance customers in Indonesia. The collected data was analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The validity and reliability of the measurements were confirmed before testing the research hypotheses. The results of the study reveal that psychological factors, electronic service quality, and perceived value influence customer loyalty of life insurance companies in Indonesia.