bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Creativity and Innovation on Increasing Micro Enterprise Income PKL Gading Fajar Sidoarjo
Authors: Syaifudin Arif
Published: November 2017

The purpose of this research first to identify and analyze variables influence creativity and innovation simultaneously towards entrepreneurship. Second, to identify and analyze variables influence creativity partially towards entrepreneurship. Third, to identify and analyze the partial effect of the innovation variables on entrepreneurship. Fourth, to identify and analyze the dominant influence between creativity and innovation of entrepreneurship..

Design/methodology/approach : This type of research is exploratory. Types of data used are data collected by primary and save a list of questions.

Findings : The results are as follows: first, variables influence creativity and innovation simultaneously towards entrepreneurship. Second, creativity variables partially influence on entrepreneurship. Third, innovation variables partially influence on entrepreneurship. Fourth, innovation variables have the most impact on entrepreneurship.

Research limitations/implications : Location of the research done on small welding shop in the district of Sidoarjo.

Practical implications : The essence of entrepreneurship is the ability to create something new and different through creative thinking and innovative action to create opportunities.

Originality/value : The role of SMEs can be said to be very important in the national economy. The role is mainly in the aspects such as increased employment opportunities, equity, income, rural economic development, and increase non-oil exports. Entrepreneurship is the ability to be creative and innovative basic, tips, and resources to look for opportunities to success.
Transportation System Resilience
Authors: Amoaning-Yankson Stephanie , Amekudzi-Kennedy Adjo
Published: November 2017

The research and the practice associated with the development of resilient transportation systems have, to date, focused largely on the characterization and reduction of the vulnerability of transportation systems and the impacts of disruptive events on system users. Emerging evidence, however, suggests that a move from a technical focus to a sociotechnical focus has the potential to enhance the resilience of built systems and the societies that they serve. This paper first reviews the literature on the resilience of the transportation system to characterize the nature of approaches to the development of resilience in the transportation system. The paper offers examples of cases that provide evidence of the added benefits associated with a move from a largely technical approach to a sociotechnical approach. Subsequently, the paper reviews the literature on resilience in social, ecological, and economic systems to identify opportunities for expanding the scope of existing approaches to develop resilience in the transportation system and offer operational pathways forward. The review findings indicate that the following concepts may be applied to enhance the development of resilience in the transportation system: adaptive behavior and multiple equilibrium states from resilience in ecological systems; vulnerability, adaptive capacity, and participative capacity from resilience in social systems; a multiscale approach to resilience; and static and dynamic resilience in economic systems. Overall systematic efforts toward the development of institutional, organizational, social, and financial capital with influences on the resilience of the transportation system would also enhance the development of resilience in the transportation system.
Enhancing Resilience of Bridges to Extreme Events by Rapid Damage Assessment and Response Strategies
Authors: Alipour Alice
Published: November 2017

The U.S. highway transportation network consists of more than 650,000 bridges that are essential to maintaining the performance of the network. The existing bridges are, however, vulnerable to a variety of natural and manufactured (human-caused) hazards and may act as bottlenecks in the case of any failures. The most common extreme events include natural hazards, such as ground excitation during earthquakes, high wind and storm surges in hurricanes, and scouring and debris impacts during floods. Despite several advances in the technologies available for the design of new bridges and the retrofitting of existing ones, incidents in which bridges fail partially or completely after an extreme event still occur. In such cases, it is important for the federal, state, and local authorities to identify the damaged bridges, quantify the extent of the damage, plan for rapid recovery, and provide alternative routes for emergency response and evacuation activities. For this purpose, NCHRP Synthesis Topic 46-11 gathered the relevant information on the technologies available for the rapid assessment of damage to highway bridges after an extreme event, the availability of data from these techniques to transportation agencies and bridge owners, decision-making tools or processes that would use the data, and the emergency planning protocols in place to address the failures in bridges. This paper provides a summary of the findings of that project.
Analysis of Impact of Group Walking Patterns on Pedestrian Evacuation
Authors: Zhao Pengfei , Sun Lishan , Yao Liya , Cui Li , Zhang Kaili
Published: November 2017

An understanding of the walking patterns of groups of pedestrians in an evacuation is critical for the establishment of policies, procedures, and organizational structures to respond effectively to emergencies. Groups of pedestrians compose a crowd in which pedestrian motions are significantly constrained to maintain cohesion. On the basis of behavior theory, this paper proposes a multiagent model for the simulation of crowds of pedestrians. The main innovative aspect of this model is the genuine representation of the patterns of movement of groups of pedestrians. Patterns of movement consisting of the line-abreast pattern, the chain pattern, and the mixed pattern were investigated, and their influences on evacuations were evaluated quantitatively by taking into account the discrepant densities, disparate distributions of the proportions of pedestrian groups of different sizes, and heterogeneous velocities of groups of pedestrians. The simulation results show that the walking patterns of groups of pedestrians have a significant influence on the dynamics of pedestrian evacuation. The chain pattern was safer when the time of evacuation under high-density conditions was considered, and the mixed pattern had a better performance under moderate-density conditions. Moreover, the influence of patterns of movement was distinct with different distributions of pedestrian groups of different sizes; the chain pattern had the highest evacuation efficiency among the three patterns of pedestrian movement. In addition, a homogeneous velocity condition had a higher evacuation efficiency than a heterogeneous velocity condition. Thus, a chain pattern with a homogeneous velocity is recommended as the optimal pattern of movement in pedestrian evacuations when the safety and efficiency of plans and designs for the evacuation of pedestrian traffic with the different patterns of movement are considered.
Effect of Tsunami Damage on Passenger and Forestry Transportation in Pacific County, Washington
Authors: Rowell Maura , Goodchild Anne
Published: November 2017

The outer coast of Washington State is exposed to significant seismic and tsunami hazards. A Cascadia subduction zone (CSZ) event is expected to cause high earthquake intensities and tsunami inundation, resulting in considerable infrastructure loss, inundation of developed land, and degraded functioning of coastal communities. One area of particular concern is Pacific County, in southwest Washington, where more than 85% of the population is expected to experience severe shaking intensities. This paper establishes the predisaster passenger and freight transportation patterns and the predicted damaged postdisaster road network in Pacific County. The hazard used in the analysis was a CSZ magnitude 9.1 earthquake with Washington asperity and resulting tsunami. The anticipated change in trip distance and the percentage of trips that could no longer be completed were used to compare passenger travel and forestry freight travel. Because passenger and freight travel have different purposes and patterns, understanding how they are affected differently can serve as a foundation for community-based disaster recovery planning to increase community resilience in earthquakes and tsunamis.
Paced Inspection Process Design of Security Check System in Beijing Subway
Authors: Zhang Xiaonan , Wei Zhonghua , Wang Wenjuan , Liu Sheng , Qiu Shi
Published: November 2017

With the increased occurrence of terrorist attacks at public venues, security check systems (SCSs) for subways have attracted more attention worldwide. In China, a two-stage SCS was successfully adopted for the 2008 Olympics in Beijing and has been promoted in other cities. Because SCSs would generate additional operational costs and delays for passengers, improving their efficiency is a concern for subway managers. In this research, an attempt was made to optimize the current two-stage SCS in Beijing. The speed and accuracy operating characteristic curves, which described the relationship between inspection rate and rejection rate of the preliminary inspection, were investigated. Two types (Type A and Type B) of paced inspection processes were designed to improve the overall performance of subway SCSs. With field data collected from eight subway stations in Beijing, the proposed paced inspection SCS was verified to improve the overall performance of the current two-stage SCS. In the Type A paced scenario, there was an increase of 23.8% in capacity and 15.7% in accuracy improvement. Although no capacity increase was achieved by the Type B paced scenario, the accuracy improved by 3.8%. The paced inspection design proposed in this study would incur no additional costs while improving the efficiency for SCS and would provide a universal application form to use when conducting inspections for subway operation and management.
Semiautomatic Landslide Detection Using Remote Sensing and Slope Units
Authors: Li Yange , Huang Jianling , Pu Hao , Han Zheng , Li Wei , Yan Bin
Published: November 2017

Landslides induced by earthquakes and rainfall pose severe threats to the infrastructure of highways and high-speed railways. To plan an immediate emergency response, the location and scale of these landslides should be known beforehand. Traditionally, to detect multitemporal landslides induced by earthquakes and the long-term effects, along with other factors such as subsequent rainfall, one had to carry out image classification multiple times to calculate the variance information. The accuracy of that method is affected by accumulated errors from multi-classification, and the process is very time-consuming. In this paper, a semiautomatic approach is proposed for rapid mapping of multi-temporal landslides. The approach can obtain the variance information of each landslide event in one detection process. In addition, slope units are introduced to separate the extracted conjoined landslides. The area of Chenjiaba, China, which is located in the highest seismic intensity zone of the Wenchuan earthquake in Beichuan and had strong rainfall 4 months after the earthquake, was selected as a case study to demonstrate the validity of this methodology. Accuracy assessment was carried out by comparing extracted landslides with a manually prepared landslide inventory map. Correctly detected were 90.1% and 94.2% of earthquake- and rainfall-induced landslides, respectively. Results show that this approach is capable of mapping temporal landslides efficiently and quickly.
Benefits of Managing the Capacity of Special Needs Shelters with Cross-County Collaboration
Authors: Alisan Onur , Kocatepe Ayberk , Tuydes-Yaman Hediye , Ozguven Eren Erman , Ozel Hidayet
Published: November 2017

A significant task of planners involved in emergency disaster management is planning for the optimal assignment of people to emergency shelters. This complex task depends on the available infrastructure and roadway characteristics and can take on additional complexity when older populations are considered because their health conditions may deteriorate during a disaster. Older people may also require special assistance even though they are not listed in the registries of people with special needs. This paper specifically focuses on the assignment of older populations to shelters. The paper presents a spatial optimization methodology based on data from a geographic information system. The focus is on the segment of the population 85 years old and older and on the use of potential benefits of cross-county collaboration in special needs shelter (SpNS) management. Such collaboration can help in using additional shelter capacity between neighboring counties ( a) to overcome the lack of capacity in a county and ( b) to assign the demand to a close shelter across county borders. The methodology was applied to a case study of five counties in the Florida Panhandle. Because the SpNS demand for the 85+ age group was not known exactly, a sensitivity analysis was conducted for different demand levels. From an emergency management perspective, this type of cross-county utilization can provide a means to use existing regular shelters in multiple counties to serve the 85+ population.
‘We shall really have to do something about your equipment’: The Projectionist's Negotiation of Obsolescence in The Smallest Show on Earth and Coming Up Roses
Authors: Jesson Claire
Published: November 2017

This article analyses two British film comedies, The Smallest Show on Earth (1957) and the Welsh-language film Coming Up Roses (Rhosyn a Rhith) (1986), both of which feature projectionists as significant characters. It focuses on the implications of the projectionist as a hero within the narratives, on his portrayal and on the dramatisation of his labour. I examine the paradox of his inhabiting a central narrative role when his professional one requires his isolation and invisibility, when his own attention is funnelled towards the on-screen diegesis he is concerned to project and, moreover, when his obsolescence is mandated by cinema closure. The films' promotion of exhibition itself as object and comedic spectacle is interrogated. Within this, I attend closely to diegetic films: to how the fictive screen relates to the wider text and to how it figures or expresses its concerns and enlarges its meanings. A related area of enquiry is how institutions of cinema mirror and ‘project’ wider social issues and how cinema shapes, and is shaped by, its audiences. How does the restoration of the projectionist's libido, and his rehabilitation through marriage, relate to cinema's place within social, cultural and political life?
The role of spoken language in cardiovascular health inequalities: a cross-sectional study of people with non-English language preference
Authors: Mackay Alex , Ashworth Mark , White Patrick
Published: November 2017

Background

Socioeconomic and ethnic factors are established determinants of cardiovascular health inequalities. The role of low proficiency in the majority language as a mediator of these inequalities is uncertain.

Aim

This study aimed to investigate the association between non-English language preference and cardiovascular health inequalities in a community in London.

Design & setting

Retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of anonymised patient-level data collected from general practices in Lambeth, south London.

Method

Cardiovascular disease prevalence, monitoring, and risk-identification data were compared between non-English and English language groups using multiple logistic regression.

Results

Of the total number of patients registered at the 49 participating practices, 302 404 (83%) patients were aged ≥18 years. Preferred language was recorded by 69.4%: English 53.6%, Portuguese 3.2%, Spanish 2.6%, French 1.6%, Polish 1.4%, Somali 0.5%, and others 7.1%; 30.6% had no record of language preference. The non-English language preference group had a greater likelihood of coronary heart disease ([CHD], odds ratio [OR] 1.18, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03 to 1.34); diabetes mellitus ([DM], OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.23 to 1.43); obesity (OR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.04 to 1.13); and smoking (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.14 to 1.21), but no difference in the prevalence of hypertension or stroke. Cardiovascular monitoring was not less intense in this group. Portuguese-speakers (the largest non-English language preference group) had a greater likelihood of hypertension (OR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.30 to 1.57); DM (OR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.50 to 2.02); stroke (OR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.08 to 1.81); obesity (OR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.36 to 1.73); and smoking (OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.02 to 1.25).

Conclusion

The non-English language preference group was associated with a greater risk of some aspects of cardiovascular disease than the English language preference group, probably reflecting shared cultural and behavioural risk. Non-English language preference was not associated with lower rates of cardiovascular monitoring, providing some evidence of equitable primary care access in this group.
The Utilization of Critical Incident Technique to Examine Chinese Tourists' Cruising Motivations and Constraints
Authors: Zou Suiwen Sharon , Migacz Steven J. , Petrick James F.
Published: November 2017

The cruise industry is witnessing a dramatic boom in China, yet little is known about Chinese cruise tourists. This study examined Chinese tourists' cruising motivations and constraints using critical incident technique. Results revealed Chinese tourists were most motivated by new/novel/special
experiences, comfortableness/relaxation, and view/proximity to the sea, and most constrained by time constraints, safety concerns, seasickness, and financial constraints. Differences in cruising images among incident groups were investigated. Based on the characteristics found among the incident
groups, practical implications were suggested.
A concise flow synthesis of indole-3-carboxylic ester and its derivatisation to an auxin mimic
Authors: Baumann Marcus , Baxendale Ian R , Deplante Fabien
Published: November 2017

An assembled suite of flow-based transformations have been used to rapidly scale-up the production of a novel auxin mimic-based herbicide which was required for preliminary field trials. The overall synthetic approach and optimisation studies are described along with a full description of the final reactor configurations employed for the synthesis as well as the downstream processing of the reaction streams.
Evidence for a Dayside Thermal Inversion and High Metallicity for the Hot Jupiter WASP-18b
Authors: Sheppard Kyle B. , Mandell Avi M. , Tamburo Patrick , Gandhi Siddharth , Pinhas Arazi , Madhusudhan Nikku , Deming Drake
Published: November 2017

We find evidence for a strong thermal inversion in the dayside atmosphere of the highly irradiated hot Jupiter WASP-18b (

,

) based on emission spectroscopy from Hubble Space Telescope secondary eclipse observations and Spitzer eclipse photometry. We demonstrate a lack of water vapor in either absorption or emission at 1.4 μm. However, we infer emission at 4.5 μm and absorption at 1.6 μm that we attribute to CO, as well as a non-detection of all other relevant species (e.g., TiO, VO). The most probable atmospheric retrieval solution indicates a C/O ratio of 1 and a high metallicity (

solar). The derived composition and T/P profile suggest that WASP-18b is the first example of both a planet with a non-oxide driven thermal inversion and a planet with an atmospheric metallicity inconsistent with that predicted for Jupiter-mass planets at

. Future observations are necessary to confirm the unusual planetary properties implied by these results.
Pharmacokinetics of Favipiravir during Continuous Venovenous Haemofiltration in a Critically ill Patient with Influenza
Authors: Favié Laurent MA , Murk Jean-Luc , Meijer Adam , Nijstad A Laura , van Maarseveen Erik M , Sikma Maaike A
Published: November 2017

Favipiravir is a novel antiviral drug approved for influenza treatment in Japan. Little is known about favipiravir pharmacokinetics in critically ill patients. Here, we report a patient with influenza treated with favipiravir and undergoing continuous venovenous haemofiltration (CVVH) on the Intensive Care Unit of a tertiary hospital in the Netherlands. Pharmacokinetic analyses showed increased clearance and decreased plasma levels compared to healthy volunteers. CVVH has no clinically relevant contribution to total clearance. Despite susceptibility to favipiravir, the influenza virus was not cleared. A multi-disciplinary approach is needed to ensure optimal favipiravir treatment in critically ill patients.
Correlation between the Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Indonesian Version (Moca-INA) and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) in Elderly
Authors: Rambe Aldy Safruddin , Fitri Fasihah Irfani
Published: November 2017

BACKGROUND: As the rapid growth of the elderly population and the increased prevalence of Alezheimer’s Disease and related disorders, there is an increasing need for effective cognitive screening. The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) is the most frequently used screening test of cognitive impairment because of its convenience. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Indonesian Version (MoCA-INA) has been validated and recently been used as a cognitive screening tool.OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to compare the MMSE and MoCA-INA scores and to determine the correlation between the MMSE and MoCA-INA scores in elderly.MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study including 83 elderly subjects from November 2016 until June 2017. We performed MMSE and MoCA-INA for assessment of cognitive function and the time between each test was at least 30 minutes.RESULTS: The study included 83 subjects which were consisted of 46 (55.4%) males and 37 (44.6%) females. The mean age was 69.19 ± 4.23 ranging from 65 to 79 years old. The average MMSE scores was 24.96 ± 3.38 (range 14 to 30). The average MoCA-INA scores was 21.06 ± 4.56 (range 5 to 30). The Pearson correlation coefficient between the scores was 0.71 (p<0.005). There were no significant differences of both scores based on history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and previous stroke, but there was a significant difference in MMSE scores based on level of education.CONCLUSION: The MoCA-INA score showed a good correlation with the MMSE score. Both tests showed comparable results but MoCA-INA showed lower average with wider range of scores.
L’image de la catastrophe, ses échos pour la réalité psychique et la culture
Authors: Le Poulichet Sylvie
Published: November 2017

L’auteur interroge les figures imaginaires qui imprègnent les discours et les croyances sur les catastrophes, plus précisément en lien avec l’environnement. Dès lors il lui faut distinguer et définir les trois registres de la catastrophe imaginaire, réelle et symbolique, en s’appuyant sur des exemples. L’analyse des éléments de réalité psychique articulés aux menaces réelles et aux phénomènes sociaux montre que des déplacements s’opèrent de façon irrationnelle entre eux. Il en résulte que les processus de déni, de pensée magique ou de banalisation continuent bien souvent de fausser l’appréhension des risques de catastrophes malgré les faits avérés et les avancées des recherches scientifiques indépendantes. Néanmoins, des initiatives locales instaurant de nouveaux liens sociaux porteurs de sens constituent un véritable facteur de changement.
Faire avec l’incertain. Nourrir les hommes ou nourrir sa vie ? Maraîchers et apiculteurs bio
Authors: Waser Anne-Marie , Stoessel Charles
Published: November 2017

L’article s’intéresse à des petits exploitants qui ont choisi d’orienter leur pratique vers l’agrobiologie en recréant une biosphère, des réseaux sociaux, une relation de confiance avec les consommateurs. Les actions de ces nouveaux paysans ne se limitent pas à la production de denrées, ils agissent aussi en transmettant leur expérience et savoir-faire afin de nourrir les hommes et nourrir leur vie. Ils semblent assumer l’incertitude et conjurer leurs angoisses par une pluralité d’objectifs, une prise de risques multiple et en cultivant tout un ensemble d’appuis et de ressources pérennes, transmissibles.
« Madame Jean », une parentalité à l’épreuve de l’autisme
Authors: Rozenberg Gaëlle , Peyssonnel Cécile , Marchois Philippe , Petrouchine Roman
Published: November 2017

Le SEPAD (Service d’éducation précoce à domicile) est un dispositif de soins à domicile s’adressant à des enfants porteurs de troubles sévères du développement. L’originalité du dispositif réside en la proposition d’un accompagnement éducatif individuel à domicile, centré sur le jeu comme médiateur de la rencontre, et s’étayant sur le travail pluridisciplinaire institutionnel. Cet article interroge les effets transférentiels suscités par la singularité de ces rencontres individuelles à domicile, soutenues par le travail d’équipe dans l’institution. L’exemple clinique proposé est celui d’un enfant autiste et de ses parents, dont les interactions particulières font naître chez son éducatrice puis au sein de l’équipe un fantasme de maltraitance. Ces modalités relationnelles s’entendent comme un moyen de lutte des parents contre la sidération psychique provoquée par les troubles autistiques de leur enfant. L’alternance entre le travail éducatif individuel à domicile et les consultations familiales dans le service permettent d’accompagner cette parentalité mise à l’épreuve de l’autisme.
Pourquoi n’ont-ils pas appris à lire ? Analyse transculturelle des facteurs de vulnérabilité et de protection face à l’illettrisme
Authors: Sarot Adeline , Chomentowski Martine , Falissard Bruno , Moro Marie Rose
Published: November 2017

En France, en 2015, 4,1% des adolescents de 17 ans sont en situation d’illettrisme et 10% peuvent être considérés comme handicapés par des difficultés en lecture. L’illettrisme touche particulièrement les élèves issus de l’immigration. L’objectif de cette recherche était d’explorer rétrospectivement l’histoire scolaire et familiale de ces adolescents, pour identifier des facteurs de vulnérabilité et de protection. L’analyse qualitative par théorisation ancrée des entretiens semi-directifs individuels menés avec 23 adolescents, leurs parents et enseignants, a fait ressortir une altération de la fonction parentale, en lien avec des conflits intergénérationnels non élaborés, particulièrement autour de la question scolaire. Ils entraînent chez l’enfant un sentiment d’insécurité et d’illégitimité dans le cadre scolaire. Mais l’échec scolaire semble aussi constituer une stratégie inconsciente de réparation et de métissage, que le lycée professionnel est propice à mettre en œuvre. Les résultats font aussi ressortir l’importance de la dimension affective de la relation pédagogique et les besoins de formation des professionnels sur ce plan. Ils offrent d’intéressantes perspectives de prévention, telles que les médiations famille-école, pour favoriser l’instauration d’une nécessaire alliance pédagogique.
L’impact des relations précoces sur le développement cérébral : le trouble réactionnel de l’attachement vu par les neurosciences
Authors: Neuville Véronique , Puentes-Neuman Guadalupe , M. Terradas Miguel
Published: November 2017

L’attachement demeure un vaste champ de recherche de par l’importance de la qualité des relations précoces sur le développement de l’individu. Depuis l’émergence des connaissances concernant les neurosciences, de nouvelles perspectives s’ouvrent quant à l’impact des troubles d’attachement, et plus particulièrement du trouble réactionnel de l’attachement, sur le développement des structures cérébrales de l’enfant. Actuellement, les recherches semblent converger vers des perturbations, pouvant devenir permanentes, des systèmes de régulation des émotions au niveau limbique telles que la peur et l’anxiété, mais également du fonctionnement des structures corticales supérieures altérant les capacités d’attention, le contrôle des comportements, les habiletés sociales, les capacités réflexives et les apprentissages. Cet article présente une synthèse des connaissances actuelles concernant l’impact des relations d’attachement perturbées sur le développement cérébral et la santé mentale de l’individu.
Les caractéristiques des tuteurs de résilience des étudiants en soins infirmiers vulnérabilisés
Authors: Morenon Olivier , Anaut Marie , Michallet Bernard
Published: November 2017

La formation infirmière semble vulnérabiliser les étudiants, les conduisant parfois à souffrir de stress ou de burnout . Néanmoins, la majorité réussit cette formation. Cette reprise positive de l’apprentissage, malgré un contexte d’études parfois délétère, interroge sur le potentiel vulnérabilisant de cette scolarité, et sur de possibles mécanismes résilients favorisés entre autres par des tuteurs de résilience. Cet article de recherche en sciences de l’éducation commencera par une synthèse des résultats de publications sur les facteurs de stress voire de burnout de ces étudiants. Nous verrons en quoi cette scolarité peut être reliée au concept de vulnérabilité et de résilience. Nous présenterons ensuite les résultats et l’analyse thématique de 30 entretiens semi-directifs dont les objectifs ont été : de vérifier le potentiel vulnérabilisant de cette formation, de déterminer si des processus résilients peuvent être observés, et de cerner les caractéristiques des tuteurs de résilience de ces étudiants fragilisés. Après l’exposé des résultats et de l’analyse, nous discuterons des liens entre vulnérabilité, syndrome de stress post-traumatique et burnout . Nous approfondirons le concept de compassion comme l’un des attributs prédominants des tuteurs. Enfin, concernant la posture relationnelle de certains professionnels, nous verrons en quoi elle pourrait relever d’un accompagnement professionnel de la résilience.
When Hell is Other People. Interiority and Skepticism in António Lopes da Veiga
Authors: Rodríguez Mediano Fernando , Cañete Carlos
Published: November 2017

The study of the process of construction of modern subjectivity offers an image of constant tensions between universality and particularity, which could be considered a manifestation of the conflictual nature of Modernity itself. As a way to solve the problems derived of the separation between universal and particular dimensions of this process -that has resulted in opposing interpretations regarding its confesional nature- a close study of the particular experience of the seventeenth-century thinker António Lopes da Veiga is presented here. This study is intended to provide some insight of the way in which similar intelectual concerns -of an international scale- over interiority and exteriority in epistemology, political thought, philology, theology and history, resulted in the constitution of a particular perspective regarding the individual.
Assessing Consent through External Signs. Three Cases of Madness, Repulsion and Love before the Tribunal of the Roman Rota (1579-1619)
Authors: Poutrin Isabelle
Published: November 2017

How can it be assumed that an individual is incapable of giving consent or does not give it freely? This article analyses three cases handled by the Tribunal of the Roman Rota between 1579 and 1619: the case of a nun from the monastery of Odivelas (Portugal) suffering from mental disorders, and two demands for nullification of marriage based on the grounds of duress exerted by immediate family; the case of Doña Antonia Portocarrero y Cárdenas, of the diocese of Seville, married to Don Felipe de Guzman y Aragón; and the case of Manuel de Meneses and Branca de Baredo of the diocese of Coimbra. The testimonies on file relate the words and actions of the main parties involved, revealing affects and intentions. Auditors embarked on a complex operation to translate this information into the language of the law, in the light of legal experts’ theories on individual responsibility and the nature of violence or constraints that may alter freedom of consent. Yet this also encompassed social practices and representations in which individual behaviours exist. This study illustrates the contrast between judges’ know-how in assessing the absence of consent regarding marriage or religious profession and the fact that these notions were not taken into account regarding consent to baptism.
“Meddling with Royal Hearts”: Interiority and Privanza (1598-1643)
Authors: Patiño-Loira Javier
Published: November 2017

This paper studies how seventeenth-century writers in Spain elaborated different conceptions of interiority in connection with the intimacy they imagined between the king and his favorite or privado. Authors in the days of Lerma, Uceda and Olivares portrayed the relation between king and privado in terms that generally relied on inherited notions of ideal friendship, which nonetheless would clash with concerns about the ubiquity of deceit, simulation and dissimulation at the court. This seemed to set boundaries to the unlimited transparency and trust expected between friends. I will address three issues. First, the way writers imagine the favorite’s access to the king’s secrets, as well as the nature of these secrets. Second, the space of intimacy and shared loneliness in which they conceive the friendship of king and privado to materialize. Third, the transformations that take place in the favorite’s interiority as a result of his relation with the king and his position at the court.
Images of the New World. Iberoamerican Art in the CSIC Photography Archive
Authors: Rincón García Wifredo
Published: November 2017

The “Tomás Navarro Tomás” Library in the CSIC keeps an important photographic collection on Ibero-American art granted by the historians Diego Angulo, Enrique Marco Dorta and Santiago Sebastián particularly interesting for the research on Art and Photography History in Latin America.
Consumo, ciudad y globalización
Authors: Arranz Lozano Mercedes , Bosque Maurel Joaquín
Published: November 2017

El consumo es la base del desarrollo económico y, por tanto, también del avance social. Las necesidades primarias del Hombre constituyen su punto de partida, complicadas y ampliadas después por las que tienen como razón de ser el desenvolvimiento cultural. Pero el consumo y sus frutos, el intercambio mercantil y social, tienen su principal instrumento en la ciudad, tanto en su origen como en sus sucesivas etapas evolutivas. Las diferencias tanto temporales como espaciales y no menos sociales. Un ejemplo puede encontrarse en España pese a su retraso en su evolución hacia el consumo en masa. El consumo, como la ciudad y los medios económicos y culturales, están hoy muy afectados por la «globalización» creciente de la Humanidad.
Toma de decisión e implantación en la política agroambiental española
Authors: Paniagua Pazorra Angel
Published: November 2017

La legislación agroambiental de la Unión Europea especifica que cada estado miembro puede determinar sus propias normas, definir estándares y designar áreas. Un resultado de esta flexibilidad es que cada Estado Miembro puede adaptar y completar la regulación básica. Ello ha producido que el modelo de implantación de las medidas agroambientales en cada país responda a intereses de distintos actores sociales. El desarrollo de la política agroambiental en España responde a las directrices de la UE y al juego de intereses de la CCAA. Con antelación a la regulación agroambiental, la experiencia española en normativa agroambiental prácticamente era inexistente. De las medidas de acompañamiento de la nueva PAC de 1992, los agroambientales son las últimas en verse introducidas en España. A nivel nacional el programa agroambiental nacional sólo utiliza dos de las siete medidas mencionadas en la regulación de la UE. Las otras cinco medidas de la regulación 2078/92 quedan recogidas en los programas regionales y son aplicadas en áreas geográficas específicas. En términos de énfasis vertical y horizontal, España queda a medio camino en el proceso de implantación de medidas agroambientales. El programa nacional toma carta de naturaleza en 1995. Pero las medidas regionales se ha desarrollado de forma desigual. Sólo seis de los 66 programas aprobados han sido desarrollados e implantados a finales de 1998. A nivel local la efectividad de las medidas regionales es reducida debido a factores relativos a la propia confección de los programas (falta de coordinación política, competencia financiera con otras medidas de la PAC) y debido a factores actitudinales (escepticismo de los agricultores y de la propia administración para su implantación).
La disminución de inmigrates españoles en Francia
Authors: Sempere Souvannavong Juan David
Published: November 2017

A pesar de los problemas jurídicos que presentan los censos de población francesa a la hora de contabiüzar el número de extranjeros, éstos son una buena fuente para conocer la evolución de las poblaciones extranjeras residentes en Francia. Por su intensidad, su diversidad y su antigüedad, la inmigración española en Francia es un ejemplo interesante de estudiar. Desde los años 1960, la población española en Francia se distribuye por las mismas zonas pero se ha reducido de casi un 65%. Esto se debe tanto a los retomos como a las nacionalizaciones y en menor medida al saldo natural de este colectivo. Hay que precisar sin embargo que observando el total de los españoles y franceses de origen español, esta reducción no ha sido ni mucho menos tan intensa.

[fr] Malgré les problèmes juridiques que présentent les recensements de population français en ce qui concerne le nombre d'étrangers, il s'agit d'une bonne source d'informations pour la connaissance de l'évolution des populations étrangères résidentes en France. Son intensité, sa diversité et son ancienneté font de l'inmigration espagnole en France un exemple très intéressant à étudier. Depuis les années 1960, la population espagnole en France se distribue dans les même regions, mais elle a diminué de près de 65%. Cette baisse se doit aux retours, à l'acquisition de la nationalité française et en moindre mesure au solde naturel de cette population. Précisons cependant, que si l'on observe l'ensemble des espagnols et des français d'orgine espagnole, cette diminution est loin d'être aussi significative.
Notas metodológicas para el análisis de la mortalidad diferencial aplicación al partido bonaerense de Tandil
Authors: Velázquez Guillermo A.
Published: November 2017

Los dos procedimientos habituales para realizar estudios sobre mortalidad diferencial (definición de grupos sociales a partir de la ocupación o a través de unidades espaciales administrativas), tienen dificultades. En este trabajo se propone y aplica im procedimiento alternativo que permite superar algimos de estos problemas, controlando los problemas de información, la interacción y los posibles desfases entre jerarquía ocupacional y lugar de residencia. Para ello se utilizan adecuadas unidades de análisis espacial y una matriz estructural-locacional.

[fr] Les deux procédés habituels pour réaliser des études sur la mortalité différentielle (définition de groupes sociaux à partir de categories professionnelles ou d'unités spatiales administratives) ont des certains de ces problèmes, tout en contrôlant les problèmes d'information et l'interaction et les possibles décalages entre hiérarchie professionnelle et heu de résidence. Pour ce faire l'on utiUse des unités d'analyse spatiale adéquates et une matrice structurelle-résidentielle.
The NUIST Earth System Model (NESM) version 3: Description and preliminary evaluation
Authors: Cao Jian , Wang Bin , Yang Young-Min , Ma Libin , Li Juan , Sun Bo , Bao Yan , He Jie , Zhou Xiao
Published: November 2017

Abstract. The Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Earth System Model version 3 (NESM v3) has been developed, aiming to provide a numerical modeling platform for cross-disciplinary earth system studies, project future Earth's climate and environment changes, as well conduct subseasonal-to-seasonal prediction. While the previous model version NESM v1 simulates well the internal modes of climate variability, it has no vegetation dynamics and suffers considerable radiative energy imbalance at the top of the atmosphere and surface, resulting in large biases in the global mean surface air temperature, which limit its utility to simulate past and project future climate changes. The NESM v3 upgraded the atmospheric and land surface model components and improved physical parameterization and conservation of coupling variables. Here we describe the new version's basic features and how the major improvements were made. We demonstrate the v3 model's fidelity and suitability to address the global climate variability and change issues. The 500-year PI experiment shows negligible trends in the net heat flux at the top of atmosphere and the Earth surface. Consistently, the simulated global mean surface air temperature, land surface temperature and sea surface temperature (SST) are all in a quasi-equilibrium state. The conservation of global water is demonstrated by the stable evolution of the global mean precipitation, sea surface salinity (SSS) and sea water salinity. The sea ice extents (SIEs), as a major indication of high latitude climate, also maintain a balanced state. The simulated spatial patterns of the mean outgoing longwave radiation, SST, precipitation, SSS fields are realistic, but the model suffers from a cold bias in the North Atlantic, a warm bias in the Southern Ocean and associated deficient Antarctic sea ice area, as well as a delicate sign of the double ITCZ syndrome. The estimate radiative forcing of quadrupling carbon dioxide is about 7.24 W m-2, yielding a climate sensitivity feedback parameter of −0.98 W m-2 K-1, and the equilibrium climate sensitivity is 3.69 K. The transient climate response from the 1 pct/year increasing CO2 experiment is 2.16 K. The model's performance on internal modes and responses to external forcing during the historical period will be documented in an accompanying paper.
Refusal Politeness Strategy in Wayang Golek
Authors: Sukmawan Ramdan
Published: November 2017

The study discusses politeness strategies in Brown and Levinson’s framework (1987). The theory has been used to investigate language politeness especially the strategies that are used in refusing. The goal is to describe refusal politeness strategies in positive politeness, don’t do the FTA, bald on record, and off record in Sundanese traditional art play of Wayang Golek. These strategies are used by puppetry figures in refusing request, want, and order to do something or to get something. In the end, it can say that such strategies are used to maintain positive face, minimize FTA’s risk, give maximum efficiency in doing FTA, and doing the FTA off record.
Increasing the Effectiveness of Early Intervention Practices for Young Children with Visual Impairment
Authors: Sahin Cigdem
Published: November 2017

Although the importance of early intervention programs for visually impaired young children is widely recognized, there is a lack of knowledge about the practical implications of these programs. The primary purpose of the study was to explore the related literature on early intervention practices targeting visually impaired young children and their families. This study reviewed the current research, practices, approaches, and strategies to engage these children and their families, and identified the gaps that should be addressed by future research. The review highlighted the importance of initial screening and its standardization, customization of early intervention programs and parental support practices, education of early intervention specialists, and emotional support and peer groups for children and parents. By synthesizing the academic and grey literature, this study presented a comprehensive discussion and provided significant implications particularly to researchers, healthcare administrators, and policymakers involved in improving the quality of life of visually impaired young children.
Investigating needle stick injuries: Incidence, knowledge and perception among South Jordanian nursing students
Authors: Nawafleh Hani A. , Abozead Shalabia El , Al Momani Muwafaq M. , Aaraj Heyam
Published: November 2017

Needle stick injury (NSI) is one of the major causes of blood borne infections in the present day healthcare system. Among healthcare professionals, nursing students will most likely be exposed to this dilemma. Interventions like institutionalizing educational programs to produce awareness and knowledge among nurses can depict positive outcomes in changing perceptions toward safety measures. This study aimed to investigate the incidence, perspectives, views, perceptions, and knowledge of NSIs among nursing students studying at Al-Hussein Bin Talal University. The sample population consisted of all undergraduate nursing students from second to fourth academic levels at the university who consented to participate in this study. The mode of data collection utilized a self-structured questionnaire apportioned into four parts. The first portion of the questionnaire presented the socio-demographic details of the respondents. The second part of the questionnaire demonstrated questions about needle stick incidences at the clinical units of the participants; frequency of occurrences (i.e., number, nature, and rationale); place of occurrence; and, whether the event was reported to higher authorities. The third part of the questionnaire entailed queries associated with the knowledge of the students with respect to needle stick injury. The last part focused on the student's knowledge and perception on the risks associated to needle sticks injuries and the relative precautions to prevent such. The results showed that most of the students had positive perception of NSIs; while two thirds of the student nurses experienced NSI with increasing number of injured nurses occurring among second year students. This is due to the lack of knowledge regarding universal precaution guidelines and acupuncture safety device. Nursing students are at risks of getting infection. Proper steps are needed to promote awareness of NSI as well as the dangers and prevention from such events.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for English Language Teaching, Vol. 10, No. 12
Authors: Yu Gavin
Published: November 2017

Reviewer acknowledgements for English Language Teaching, Vol. 10, No. 12, 2017
Visualising the Development of a Teacher-In-Training into a Beginning Expert
Authors: Geerts Walter M. , Steenbeek Henderien W. , L. C. Van Geert Paul
Published: November 2017

Teachers use situated knowledge to deal with the complex and diffuse educational contexts they operate in. To be able to take deliberated action, based on the situated knowledge, reflection is necessary during the teacher training. Video cases with common, real world situations are suitable for reflection because of their holistic and diffuse character. Reflection concerns learning experiences with increasing complexity: single-loop (reflecting on a current action), double-loop (reflecting to gain new insights) and triple-loop (reflecting in order to adjust individual identity) learning. The knowledge gained from loop learning is of a situated nature. The current article operationalizes situated knowledge as educational purposes and design patterns; educational purposes determine which course of action (design pattern), is the best option. Using this distinction, we investigate whether the reflection done by fourth-year teachers in training corresponds to what can be expected of a starting expert, namely, reflection on all three levels. The results indicate that three out of four teachers in training can be characterized as starting experts, based on their responses to a video case. They experience learning on all three loop levels, and these experiences contribute to a variety of educational purposes and design patterns. It is the teacher trainers’ challenge to have their students reflects using video cases, so they can use loop-learning to build their situated knowledge. This knowledge will allow them to adequately respond to the complex and diffuse situations in their educational practice.