bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic bases of tomatо marker-assisted selection in Belarus
Authors: Babak Olga G. , Nekrashevich Natalia A. , Yatsevich Konstantsia K. , Malyshev Sergey V. , Kilchevsky Alexander V.
Published: May 2018

To develop tomato hybrids and varieties with a high fruit quality, we gradually solved the following tasks: development of DNA-marking methods for long shelf life genes; the genes modifying the biosynthesis of carotenoids and their composition; testing of the elaborated methods on the developed breeding material; the selection of samples with different allelic composition of fruit quality genes; the development of F
1
hybrids using the method of successive crosses and their study; the selection of tomato forms by DNA-typing methods with target genes in F
2
populations to develop valuable breeding samples; the study of carotenoids’ accumulation peculiarities and their inheritance.

We used DNA-identification methods for fruit quality genes: nor, rin, norA
(long shelf life), B, og
c

, hp2
dg
, gf-3 (carotenoid content). The tomato hybrids, combining two pigment content genes and one long shelf life gene and the model forms with different combinations of fruit quality genes (B/rin/gf-3, B/rin/hp2
dg
; B /nor/gf-3, B /nor/hp2
dg
; оg
c /rin/gf-3, оg
c /rin/hp2
dg
; оg
c /nor/gf-3, оg
c /nor/hp2
dg

) in a homozygous state were developed.

Use of the developed accessions with carotenoid content genes (og
c
/hp2
dg
, B/hp2
dg
) as maternal forms and the accessions with complex fruit quality genes (og
c
/hp2
dg
/nor, ogc/hp2
dg
/rin, B/hp2
dg
/nor, B/hp2
dg
/rin, og
c
/gf-3/nor, og
c
/gf-3/rin, B/gf-3/rin, B/gf-3/nor) as paternal forms for hybridization contributes to high accumulation of carotenoids and a lond period of fruit storability.
Formulasi Sediaan Emulgel Daun Pidada Merah (Sonneratia caseolaris L.) Sebagai Anti Jerawat
Authors: Hasanah Nurul , Hajrah Hajrah , Meylina Lisna , Rijai Laode
Published: May 2018

Daun Pidada Merah (Sonneratia caseolaris L) memiliki kandungan senyawa fenolik yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri Propionibacterium acne sehingga berpotensi untuk diformulasikan menjadi sediaan anti jerawat yang diformulasikan dalam bentuk sediaan emulgel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh formula terbaik dari sediaan emulgel ekstrak daun Pidada Merah. Emulgel diformulasikan dengan menggunakan minyak zaitun dan minyak VCO sebagai fase minyak, Tween 80 dan Cremophor RH 40 sebagai surfaktan serta karbopol 940 dan Viscolam MAC 10 sebagai gelling agent. Evaluasi fisik meliputi pengamatan organoleptis, uji homogenitas, penetapan pH, uji daya sebar, uji viskositas dan uji sentrifugasi. Uji aktivitas anti jerawat sediaan dilakukan dengan metode difusi agar sumuran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa formula emulgel yang paling baik adalah F5, F6, F7 dan F8. Uji aktivitas anti jerawat menunjukkan bahwa sediaan emulgel F5, F6, F7 dan F8 mempunyai daya hambat terhadap Propionibacterium acnes.
Karakteristik dan Pengobatan Pasien Gastritis di Puskesmas Wonorejo Samarinda
Authors: Rahayu Puji , Ayu Welinda Dyah , Rijai Laode
Published: May 2018

Gastritis merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan saluran pencernaan yang paling sering terjadi. Dari data Dinas Kesehatan Kota Samarinda tahun 2013, gastritis masuk dalam daftar 10 penyakit terbanyak dengan urutan ke-2. Namun sampai saat ini, gastritis masih dianggap sebagai suatu hal yang remeh atau biasa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik dan pengobatan pasien gastritis di Puskesmas Wonorejo Samarinda. Jenis penelitian ini bersifat prospektif. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan cara purposive sampling. Populasi penelitian ini adalah pasien yang berobat di Puskesmas Wonorejo dengan banyak sampel 41 pasien. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pasien gastritis di dominasi oleh wanita 65,85%, pada kelompok usia 36-45 tahun 36,60%, pendidikan terakhir adalah SMA 58,54%, pekerjaan Swasta 31,70%, merokok 50%, mengonsumsi obat NSAID 53,66% dan pola makan cukup 56,10%. Pengobatan pasien gastritis di bedakan menjadi 3 golongan, yaitu Antasida 21,95%, H2 reseptor antagonis menggunakan Famotidin 12,19% dan Ranitidin 53,67% serta Pompa Proton Inhibitor menggunakan Omeprazol 12,19%.
Kajian Pengobatan Pasien Kanker Serviks Di RSUD Abdul Wahab Sjahranie Samarinda
Authors: Morita Sibarani Evy , Prabowo Wisnu Cahyo , Rijai Laode
Published: May 2018

Kanker serviks merupakan penyebab utama kematian akibat kanker di usia reproduktif pada wanita di negara-negara berkembang. Kanker serviks adalah kanker yang menyerang leher rahim dan ditandai dengan pertumbuhan abnormal sel pada leher rahim. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik dan jenis pengobatan pasien kanker serviks di instalasi rawat inap di RSUD Abdul Wahab Sjahranie Samarinda. Metode penelitian yang digunakan berupa penelitian non eksperimental yang dilakukan secara retrospektif. Dianalisis dengan metode analisis deskriptif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini yaitu diketahui pasien kanker serviks paling banyak terjadi pada pasien usia 45 hingga 49 tahun dengan stadium terbanyak yaitu stadium IIIA (37,5%). %). Tingkat pendidikan terakhir yaitu Sekolah Dasar (45,83%) dan jenis pekerjaan pasien sebagai ibu rumah tangga (89,58%) dengan tingkat paritas lebih dari 4 (54,17%). Jenis pengobatan yang paling banyak dilakukan yaitu kemoterapi (81,24%) kemudian pembedahan (2,08 %) serta tindakan biopsi (16,67%). Pemilihan obat untuk terapi kanker serviks dengan kombinasi obat tertinggi yaitu kombinasi paxus-carboplatin (77,08%) dan kombinasi cisplatin-vinkristin-bleomycin (4,16%).
Jamur Endofit Dari Umbi Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine palmifolia Merr.)
Authors: Reckow Vendryca , Widayat Wahyu , Rijai Laode
Published: May 2018

Bawang dayak (Eleutherine palmifolia Merr.) merupakan salah satu tumbuhan endemik Kalimantan, yang secara empiris bagian umbinya telah digunakan dalam pengobatan degeneratif. Jamur endofit memainkan peran dalam produksi metabolit sekunder. Jamur endofit merupakan jamur yang dapat hidup pada bagian daun, batang maupun akar pada tumbuhan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengisolasi jamur endofit yang terdapat pada umbi bawang dayak dan mengetahui karakteristiknya secara mikroskopik dan makroskopik. Isolasi jamur endofit dilakukan pada medium Yeast Extract Agar (YEA) dan Malt Extract Agar (MEA) dengan teknik sterilisasi permukaan menggunakan alkohol 70% dan NaOCl 1%. Hasil isolasi jamur endofit pada medium MEA diperoleh 1 isolat berwana putih yang bergenus Geotrichum sp. dan pada medium YEA diperoleh 2 isolat berwarna hitam yang bergenus Aspergillus sp. dan berwarna putih.
Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Jamur Endofit Akar Merung (Captosapelta tomentosa)
Authors: Yunaedi Yunaedi , Fitriani Victoria Yulita , Meylina Lisna , Rusli Rolan
Published: May 2018

Jamur endofit merupakan sekelompok jamur yang sebagian atau seluruh hidupnya berada dalam jaringan tumbuhan hidup dan biasanya tidak merugikan inangnya. Tumbuhan merung (Coptosapelta tomentosa) oleh masyarakat kutai Kartanegara, Kalimantan Timur sudah digunakan sebagai obat encok atau sakit pinggang, menambah stamina, obat hipertensi, diabetes melitus, afrodisiaka, serta antikanker. Jamur endofit diisolasi dari akar merung dan menghasilkan 5 isolat yang diberi kode isolat JE1, JE2, JE3, JE4, dan JE5. Isolat jamur endofit JE1, JE2, JE3, JE4, dan JE5 memiliki karakteristik berturut-turut adalah hitam, hijau tua dengan tepi orange, merah kehitaman, hijau kekuningan, dan hijau dengan tepi putih.
Gender and Geographical Balance: With a Focus on the UN Secretariat and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
Authors: Nhamo Godwell , Nhamo Senia
Published: May 2018

Drawing mostly from publicly available data and information, we analyse how gender and geographical balance play out in the United Nations (UN) bodies, with a focus on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) structures and related activities. Unlike other UN bodies, the IPCC set-up is unique in that it is organised around volunteer expertise drawn from national focal pointsâ€™ secondment for specific tasks. As such, issues of gender and geographical balance remain sensitive, especially since the object of deliveryâ€”climate changeâ€”is traditionally framed from the science discipline. It emerged that both the UN Secretariat and the IPCC are still battling with gender and geographical balance matters. As of 2013, women comprised 31.3 per cent of the influential senior professionals (those with a minimum of 15 yearsâ€™ work experience and ranked at D1+ grades), while the geographical spread of contributors in the IPCC reflects strong dominance from developed countries. Bias in favour of male contributors further emerged. Although there is significant effort to address the situation, we recommend a deliberate fast tracking on the involvement of women and balance in geographical spread, especially in IPCC work. Such fast tracking will assist in having womenâ€™s concerns and interests addressed in agenda setting and global programming on climate change and other matters.Â
â€œYou Should Wear to Show what You Areâ€: Same-sex Sexuality Student Teachers Troubling the Heteronormative Professional Identity
Authors: Brown Anthony , Diale Boitumelo
Published: May 2018

Although schools are meant to be places where fundamental human values are taught and embraced, challenges encountered by student teachers with same-sex sexualities are inherently connected to contextual experiences of rejection and of being â€œothered.â€ These student teachers navigate the internalised homophobia, low self-esteem and anxiety of the teaching profession and begin to take on the role of the activists who â€œunsilenceâ€ and â€œvisibiliseâ€ sexual diversity in normative school environments. However, there is scant research on how self-identified effeminate gay and masculine lesbian student teachers negotiate and navigate their identities in a heteronormative school environment during Work Integrated Learning (WIL). This article interrogates the conflation between gender expressions and the assigned sex that seems to raise the question of fitness of same-sex sexuality student teachers for the profession. In the research project undertaken, a qualitative design, which comprised a focus-group interview to elicit responses from 12 self-identified same-sex sexuality student teachers, was utilised. Themes that emerged from the data analysis are: policed bodies and gender-regulated professional teacher identities; self-regulation and performativity; and disrupting heteronormativity in the classroom. These themes are embedded within Activity Theory (AT). The results of this study show how the policing of dress code, mannerism and perceived sexual practice regulated and â€œgenderisedâ€ teacher professional identity in schools. This indicates that as part of diversity education, urgency exists for teacher training programmes to incorporate knowledge on inclusive collegial atmospheres that are accommodative of same-sex sexualities.
Fictions of Immanence: Gender-Fluidity in the Science Fiction of Angela Carter and Octavia Butler
Authors: Carstens Delphi
Published: May 2018

This paper reads Deleuze-Guattarian and new materialist theories alongside two landmark works of speculative science fiction by Angela Carter and Octavia Butler that queer normative conceptualisations of gender and sexuality. These theoretical and fictional explorations argue that subjectivity should be reconceptualised as immanent rather than fixed. Utilising uncanny affective registers, they attempt to push rigid ideas about gender/sex toward more fluid configurations that affirm a heterogeneity of lived experiences, situating subjectivity along lines of becoming. To execute such moves, Deleuze and Guattari propose a kind of experimental and experiential rupturing process; a mechanism for accessing what is immanent to everyday experience, rather than governmental. This is particularly useful for exploring transgender and other minoritarian subjectivities. By invoking breaks or ruptures from habituated ways of thinking and feeling, as these philosophers suggest, writers, artists and theorists might succeed in creating points of emergence around which new configurations and relations of gender-fluid identities might coalesce. I will investigate how Deleuze and Guattari, as well as Carter and Butler, who wrote before the emergence of transgender studies during the 1990s, paved the way for nomadic conceptions of sexuality, gender and lived contradiction.
η^2 bonded Nickel(0) thiophene π-complexes - identifying the missing link in catalyst transfer polymerization
Authors: He Weiying , Patrick Brian O. , Kennepohl Pierre
Published: May 2018

We have structurally characterized a nickel(0) thiophene complex that represents a close analog to the proposed intermediates in the mechanism of catalyst transfer polycondensation (CTP) of thiophenes. Additional studies on this intermediate allow us to determine the bonding in such complexes using a combination of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and DFT-based computations. Our structure of the catalyst agrees with previous postulates but provides important new structural insights into the species. Furthermore, our studies explain why these complexes actually exist and are stable enough to support living CTP.
Synthesis of 1,2,5,6- and 1,4,5,8-Anthracenetetrone: Building Blocks for π-Conjugated Small Molecules and Polymers
Authors: Glöcklhofer Florian , Stöger Berthold , Fröhlich Johannes
Published: May 2018

Reliable reactions for the synthesis of two interesting anthracenetetrones have been identified and optimized. Both syntheses start from dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinones and were selected for maximized efficiency and minimized work load. Work-up of all reactions can be achieved without column chromatography, which facilitates further scale-up. So far, both target compounds are considerably underexplored despite their promising molecular structure for use in devices and in organic synthesis, especially as building blocks for π-conjugated compounds. The crystal structure of 1,4,5,8-anthracentetrone is reported.
Catalytic Alkyne Arylation Using Amines as Traceless Directing Groups
Authors: Park Jung-Woo , Kang Bubwoong , Dong Vy M.
Published: May 2018

By developing a Pd(0)/Mandyphos catalyst, we have achieved a three-component aminoarylation of alkynes to generate enamines, which upon hydrolysis yield either α-arylphenones or α,α-diarylketones. This Pd-catalyzed method overcomes well-established pathways to enable the use of amines as traceless directing groups for C–C bond formation.
Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids Affect Morphology and Rigidity of Living Cells: an Atomic Force Microscopy Study
Authors: Galluzzi Massimiliano , Schulte Carsten , Milani Paolo , Podestà Alessandro
Published: May 2018

The study of the toxicity, biocompatibility, and environmental sustainability of room-temperature Ionic Liquids (ILs) is still in its infancy. Understanding the impact of ILs on living organisms, especially from the aquatic ecosystem, is urgent, since on one side large amounts of these substances are widely employed as solvents in industrial chemical processes, and on the other side evidences of toxic effects of ILs on microorganisms and single cells have been observed. To date, the toxicity of ILs have been investigated by means of macroscopic assays aimed at characterizing the effective concentrations (like the EC50) that cause the dead of a significant fraction of the population of microorganisms and cells. These studies allowed to identify the cell membrane as the first target of the IL interaction, whose effectiveness was correlated to the lipophilicity of the cation, i.e. to the length of the lateral alkyl chain. Our study aimed at characterizing the molecular mechanisms of the toxicity of ILs. To this purpose, we carried out a combined topographic and mechanical analysis by Atomic Force Microscopy of living breast metastatic cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) upon interaction with imidazolium-based ILs. We showed that ILs are able to induce modifications of the overall rigidity (effective Young modulus) and morphology of the cells. Our results demonstrate that ILs act on the physical properties of the cell membrane, and possibly induce cytoskeletal reorganization, already at concentrations below the EC50. These potentially toxic effects are stronger at higher IL concentrations, as well as with longer lateral chains in the cation.
AVALIAÇÃO ERITROCITÁRIA ATRAVÉS DA BIOTECNOLOGIA DE CITOMETRIA DE FLUXO
Authors: De Carvalho Lucas Amoroso Lopes , Cruz Nathan Da Rocha Neves , Bueno Patrícia Jábali , Santana Aureo Evangelista
Published: May 2018

Os eritrócitos podem ser facilmente analisados por meio da citometria de fluxo, por terem uma complexidade particular e não precisarem de marcações imunofenotípicas específicas com as células nucleadas, reduzindo assim o custo da utilização da técnica. O presente tem como objetivo fazer uma revisão científica de relatos científicos sobre a utilização da citometria de fluxo para a avaliação eritrocitária e apresentar essa biotecnologia como ferramenta diagnóstica na rotina veterinária, a fim de identificar na população eritrocitária e suas possíveis alterações. Morfocitometria populacional, fragilidade osmótica, reticulocitometria, marcações de eritroparasitas e marcadores anti-eritrocitários são alguns exemplos desta biotecnologia para a avaliação eritrocitária.
SÍNDROMES PARANEOPLÁSICAS EM CÃES E GATOS: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA – PARTE 2
Authors: Ferreira Marília GPA , Pascoli Ana Lucia , Rodigheri Sabrina M , Reis Filho Nazilton P , Pazzini Josiane M , Huppes Rafael R , De Nardi Andrigo B
Published: May 2018

As síndromes paraneoplásicas correspondem a manifestações clínicas associadas a neoplasias que ocorrem em locais distantes do tumor primário ou de suas metástases, sendo consideradas efeitos indiretos do câncer. Os sinais clínicos destas síndromes podem anteceder ou acompanhar a detecção clínica da neoplasia, promovendo maiores índices de morbidade e mortalidade. A detecção de uma síndrome paraneoplásica permite o diagnóstico precoce e o tratamento eficaz da neoplasia adjacente, melhorando o prognóstico e a qualidade de vida do paciente. O objetivo desta revisão foi descrever os aspectos fisiopatológicos, sinais clínicos, métodos de diagnóstico e tratamento das síndromes paraneoplásicas hematológicas, cutâneas e neuromusculares que acometem cães e gatos.
Laser Drilling of Small Holes in Different Kinds of Concrete
Authors: Nagai Kaori , Beckemper Stefan , Poprawe Reinhart
Published: May 2018

Recently, in Japan, safety measures such as earthquake-resistant reinforcement work and tile-reinforcement work are increasing. Current concrete drilling methods have issues such as noise, vibration, dust, and reaction force. These methods are causing stress for the residents. Consequently, solutions are being sought for work taking place on skyscrapers and at facilities that cannot shut down during construction, such as hotels, schools, hospitals and geriatric facilities for instance.   This study investigated how laser drilling change the conditions, depending on the type of concrete in order to determine the possibility of using laser drilling for tile-reinforcement work and repairing concrete on building exterior. The results confirmed that it’s possible to successfully drill holes for drilling diameters of 4 to 6 mm and depths of around 50 mm in concrete with a compressive strength within the range of 20 to 100 N/mm2 by adjusting laser conditions. In case of deep holes the CW-mode should be chosen. Furthermore, by controlling laser irradiation conditions, it is possible to change the shape of the holes. These different kinds of holes are suitable for different applications. It is expected that laser irradiation drilling will be applied to new construction methods.
Modeling Groundwater Surface by MODFLOW Math Code and Geostatistical Method
Authors: Tahershamsi Ahmad , Feizi Atabak , Molaei Siavash
Published: May 2018

Simulation of groundwater flow by mathematical model can be used for developing aquifer balance element analysis scenarios, explaining conditions of droughts, definition of prohibitive extraction policies and analyzing the qualitative models. In this study, the development of a quantitative model in terms of the main parameters affecting on the water surface changes has been performed for the Ardebil plain (located in NW of Iran). Accordingly, a comprehensive processing of raw data sets has been carried-out by means of MODFLOW mathematical model. Also to simulate the groundwater surface changes in the mentioned plain, the geo-statistical method has been used. Results indicate that the mathematical model used in the aquifer balance simulation for the Ardebil plain has approximately 2% relative normal root-mean-square error (NRMSE). This small NRSMSE confirms the model accuracy for the Ardebil plain using the calibration data. Moreover, comparing the results of this method and the ones obtained by mathematical model performed by examining some error criteria like RMSE, Mean, ASE and MS, it is found that the accuracy of the mathematical model is higher than the geostatistical method and the main reason for this is the distribution of uncertainty in a few available piezometric points in the geostatistical method.
SUSTENTABILIDADE E CONFORTO A APLICAÇÃO DO TELHADO VERDE COMO SOLUÇÃO SUSTENTAVEL
Authors: Arcangelo Silva Vinicius Luis , Kashiwa Larissa
Published: May 2018

A pesquisa apresentada tem por objetivo apresentar a elaboração do projeto de um protótipo para abrigo de animais domésticos (cachorro) de grande porte. Consideramos a necessidade física dos animais, comparados a nós, seres humanos, em questões de conforto ambiental, possibilitando melhorias e adaptações no projeto. Em primeiro plano inicia-se um estudo e levantamento de materiais e técnicas sustentáveis que tornem o projeto o mais sustentável e exequível. Adotamos a utilização de alguns materiais específicos e aliamos a técnicas sustentáveis como a implantação de um telhado verde e estudo de ventilação e iluminação, melhorando o conforto do usuário e tornando-o sustentável. Concluímos o projeto final para execução da casinha sustentável, utilizando para sua construção materiais como placas sustentáveis (material de reciclagem compensado), madeira reutilizada e a elaboração do telhado verde, que proporciona conforto e reutilização do espaço para cultivo de uma horta orgânica.
VEDAÇÕES VERTICAIS EXTERNAS DO SISTEMA PLATAFORMA DE MADEIRA: MEDIDAS PARA MANUTENÇÃO
Authors: Pizzoni Candida Pasini , Valle Ângela Do
Published: May 2018

Resumo de dissertação
COREOGRAFIA DE REDES DE INOVAÇÃO CONSTITUÍDAS A PARTIR DE UM LIVING LAB: UM ESTUDO DE CASO NA PLATAFORMA
Authors: Da Silva Silvio Bitencourt
Published: May 2018

O presente estudo investiga a ampliação dos papéis de coordenação e gerenciamento em redes de inovação aberta identificadas como Living Labs através de um modelo conceitual denominado de Coreografia.  Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa caracterizada como estudo de caso cuja unidade de análise se refere as ações tomadas para coordenação e gerenciamento da Plataforma Corais.org, já reconhecida como membro da European Network of Living Labs (Rede Europeia de Living Labs, em português). Os membros da rede participam de um processo de auto-organização em que a ordem emerge devido às interações entre membros em que simultaneamente todos estão envolvidos na gestão contínua da rede, onde a estrutura e o desempenho resultantes são co-produzidos por suas ações. Gera como implicações a teoria existente a criação de conhecimento sobre certas atividades auto-organizadas entre os membros da rede e orientadas pela informação: gestão do fluxo de conhecimento, gestão da apropriabilidade da inovação, gestão da estabilidade da rede e gestão da vitalidade e saúde da rede. Tais atividades levam à alavancagem da inovação e à coerência da inovação contribuindo com o alcance do resultado final de inovação de uma rede. Em termos gerenciais possibilita a obtenção de novos discernimentos quanto a liderança e o controle distribuídos entre os membros de redes de inovação em que os padrões de colaboração são mais relevantes na rede que os papéis individuais. As atividades inerentes a Coreografia possibilitam a definição de um tipo de modelo de gestão de relações colaborativas no uso de redes para o desenvolvimento de inovações.
REAPROVEITAMENTO DA AREIA DE DESMOLDAGEM COMO SUBSTITUTO PARCIAL DE AREIA EM ARTEFATOS DE CONCRETO
Authors: Pereira Diogo Fernando , Zimmer Gregory Viegas , Silva Joel Dias da
Published: May 2018

Objetivou-se, através de um levantamento bibliográfico e ensaios técnicos em laboratório (ensaios de caracterização físico-química, produção de corpos de prova e testes mecânicos de resistência) valorizar a areia de moldagem descartada por uma indústria de fundição no município de Blumenau. Verificou-se que, a areia de moldagem misturada com resinas, dificulta a sua recuperação e reutilização, gerando assim, um grande volume a ser descartado em aterros industriais, e consequentemente, onerando ainda mais o custo de produção. Acrescentam-se ainda determinações legais que forçam a uma diminuição dos volumes a serem descartados e dispostos em aterros industriais, cujos custos para a disposição aumentam continuamente.
Outbreak of Pasteurellosis among wintering and breeding common eidersSomateria mollissimain Denmark
Authors: Christensen Thomas K. , Bregnballe Thomas , Andersen Thomas H. , Dietz Hans Henrik
Published: May 2018

In 1996, an epizootic occurred among wintering and breeding common eidersSomateria mollissimain southwest Kattegat, Denmark, causing the death of at least 900 birds during late winter, and of a total of 3,146 females in five local breeding colonies, corresponding to 35–95% of the females present within the single colonies. The cause of death was related to a bacterial infection byPasteurella multocidaisolated from all examined eiders collected on wintering and breeding grounds. This is the first documented incidence of pasteurellosis in Scandinavia. Based on knowledge of the phenology and winter distribution of eiders, the temporal occurrence of the disease suggests that apparently healthy birds acted as carriers of the disease bringing it from the wintering grounds to the breeding colonies.
Function of multiple badgerMeles melessetts: distribution and utilisation
Authors: Brøseth Henrik , Bevanger Kjetil , Knutsen Bård
Published: May 2018

To evaluate hypotheses on why the European badgerMeles melesuses more than one underground burrow (‘sett’) as a diurnal resting site, the distribution and utilisation of setts within territories were recorded for nine radio‐tagged individuals in four adjacent social groups in the boreal forest of central Norway. The density of setts was low, but the mean number of setts within a territory (12) was higher than found in earlier studies in Europe. Natural setts were small, and though randomly distributed within territories the upper parts of south‐west facing slopes were preferred. Between April and September individual badgers used an average of nine different setts. They moved frequently from one sett to another, except for two reproducing females which remained very faithful to one sett in spring. Random utilisation and frequent changes of setts support the hypothesis that badgers use multiple setts to avoid accumulation of ectoparasites. No indications which support the hypothesis that young badgers use multiple setts to avoid harassment from dominant conspecifics were found.
Capercaillie Tetrao urogallus decline and emissions from the iron industry
Authors: Klaus Siegfried , Berger Dietrich , Huhn Jochen
Published: May 2018

Long‐term emissions of calcium‐containing dusts from an iron factory influenced soil pH, vegetation and perhaps contributed to the capercaillie Tetrao urogallus decline in the study area in eastern Germany. Dramatic changes of the ground vegetation were observed in time (vegetation analyses in 1956, 1965, 1983 and 1990–1993) and along the pH‐gradient. Near the emission source the mean number of plant species has increased from 15 to 65 since 1956. Ericaceae (Vaccinium myrtillus, V. vitis‐idea, Calluna vulgaris), which are essential to capercaillie for food and cover, were replaced by Senecio fuchsii, Digitalis purpurea, Dactylis glomerata, Calamagrostis epigeios, Rubus idea, Myringia trinerva, and Urtica dioica. The decline in capercaillie numbers was correlated with the eutrophication effects of the emissions as measured by the increase of plant species diversity. Increasing plant species diversity may also favour small rodents and thereby the density of predators (such as the red fox Vulpes vulpes and wild boar Sus scrofa), as indicated by the increased hunting bags. Therefore, the increased predation on capercaillie nests and chicks that was documented on the study area over time may be a secondary effect of air‐borne pollution.
Estimation of the chemical composition of black grouse Tetrao tetrix diets in the eastern Italian Alps
Authors: Filacorda Stefano , Sepulcri Angela , Piasentier Edi , de Franceschi Paolo F.
Published: May 2018

In a study area situated in the eastern Italian Alps, samples of the main ingredients in the diet of male black grouse were collected nine times between September 1993 and December 1994 and analysed for crude protein (CP) content and cell wall components (NDF, ADF, ADL). The mean monthly chemical composition of the diet was calculated on the basis of the percentage of dry matter (DM) weight of the main ingredients in the crop or gizzard, estimated in a previous experiment with 100 male birds shot in the same region in the periods April‐June and September‐December. Dietary CP reached its maximum value in spring (17.4 and 14.5% DM in May and June respectively), and its minimum in autumn (8.4% DM). Non‐protein cellular solubles (NPS) were particularly high (66.7% DM) in September. The NDF content was highest in May (52.5% DM) and lowest in autumn, when it increased linearly from September (24.7% DM) to November (35.3% DM). The variability of the diets could be described by two principal factors, the first of which was correlated with the level of fibrous constituents and the second with the protein level and an ingredient diversity index (DI). In the plane defined by these two factors, five different types of diets were identified by cluster analysis; one diet distributed over all months was associated with two ‘spring’ and two ‘autumn’ diets. The first, ‘basal’ diet had intermediate chemical characteristics (CP 10.2% DM; NDF 37.1% DM) and a relatively high DI (3.3). The two spring diets had very high (CP 18.1% DM; NDF 64.7% DM) or high (CP 11.9% DM; NDF 46.7% DM) protein and fibre levels, due to the selection of beech Fagus sylvatica buds or bilberry Vaccinium myrtillus or larch Larix decidua shoots and needles. The two autumn diets had a high concentration of NPS (70.5% DM and 61.2% DM) due to the presence of fruits, particularly from bilberry and cowberry Vaccinium vitis‐idaea; they differed in their DI (2.6 vs 3.5) and the partial substitution of bilberries by bilberry shoots and Rhododendron spp. buds and leaves in the second diet.
Long‐term changes in sage grouse Centrocercus urophasianus populations in western North America
Authors: Connelly John W. , Braun Clait E.
Published: May 2018

Available data indicate that sage grouse Centrocercus urophasianus have declined throughout their range. This species presently occurs in 11 U.S. States and in two Canadian provinces. In nine states having long‐term data, breeding populations have declined by 17–47% ( = 33%) from the longterm average. Six states have long‐term information on sage grouse production. In five of these states, production has declined by 10–51% ( = 25%) from the long‐term average. Habitat deterioration, loss, and fragmentation have reduced the quantity and quality of nesting and early brood‐rearing habitat causing population declines. Factors appearing to be largely responsible for the changes in habitats and, ultimately, sage grouse populations over wide areas of western North America are discussed, and hypotheses that could be tested to provide better insight into sage grouse population declines are suggested. Once these changes are better understood, conservation strategies that address protection and rehabilitation of sagebrush Artemisia spp. rangelands should be developed and implemented in each state and province to halt the decline of sage grouse and initiate recovery.
Diseño de un instrumento para el análisis de las competencias del logopeda escolar y del maestro de Audición y Lenguaje
Authors: Cifuentes Lardín María Salvadora , Martínez Ramón Juan Pedro
Published: May 2018

El presente estudio se llevó a cabo por las incongruencias encontradas sobre las competencias del logopeda y del maestro especialista en Audición y Lenguaje (AL) y la dificultad para valorar dicho fenómeno, surgiendo la necesidad de delimitar las diferencias entre ambos, así como saber qué entendían los profesionales de la educación sobre esta cuestión. Por ello, el objetivo de la presente investigación fue el diseño y puesta en marcha de un cuestionario para analizar los perfiles profesionales del logopeda y del AL. El cuestionario fue suministrado a un total de 104 personas pertenecientes a ocho colegios públicos y concertados, un centro de atención temprana, una asociación y un centro privado; todos ellos desarrollaban su labor profesional en el municipio de Totana (Murcia, España). Dicho instrumento tuvo un total de 29 ítems cerrados llevándose a cabo la validación del mismo. Tras la administración y recogida de datos, se valoraron los resultados mediante el programa estadístico SPSS, a través del cual se realizó una evaluación de la correlación ítem-total, el coeficiente de fiabilidad y la validación empírica mediante las correlaciones. De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos, el grupo analizado carece de nociones sobre las diferencias de estas titulaciones y las consideran como profesiones similares.
Atypical presentations of congenital cutaneous candidiasis- presenting a cohort of 8 cases
Authors: Divya1 Regina , John Sumathi , Wilson C. G. , Ramachandran Uma
Published: May 2018

Congenital cutaneous candidiasis is an extremely rare disorder that usually presents within the first 6 days of life. We report 8 neonates who presented with generalized skin eruptions within first 6 days of life, characterized by erythematous macules, papules, vesicles, bullae and pustules. Candida albicans was demonstrated on direct KOH smear, fungal culture and skin biopsy. The disease implies a congenital intrauterine infection and is different from neonatal candidiasis, which manifests as thrush or diaper dermatitis.Although congenital cutaneous candidiasis is a rare diagnosis and the predisposing factors like prematurity,candidial infection in the mother are not obvious, a high index of suspicion is required to diagnose the neonates with this condition and it is very evident that congenital cutaneous candidiasis has got a good prognosis. This article apart from revealing the atypical presentations of cutaneous congenital candidiasis, also emphasizes the need to screen all pregnant women for vaginal candidiasis.
Aflatoxin Contamination in Agricultural Commodities
Authors: Rajarajan P. N. , Rajasekaran K. M. , Asha Devi N. K.
Published: May 2018

Aflatoxin is a naturally occurring Mycotoxin produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. Aspergillus flavus is common and widespread in nature and is most often found when certain grains are grown under stressful conditions such as draught. The mold occurs in soil, decaying vegetation, hay and grains undergoing microbiological deterioration and invades all types of organic substrates whenever and wherever the conditions are favourable for its growth. Favourable conditions include high moisture content and high temperature.The aflatoxin group is comprised of aflatoxin B1,B2,G1 and G2. In addition , aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), a hydroxylated metabolite of AFB1, is excreted in the milk of dairy cows consuming an AFB1-contaminated ration. Aflatoxin B1 a prototype of the aflatoxins, is widely recognized as the most potent hepato carcinogenic compound and along with other certain members of the group, possess additional toxic properties including mutagenicity, tetrogenicity, acute cellular toxicity and it suppresses the immune system. Aflatoxin contamination of food and feed has gained global significance as a result of its deleterious effects on human as well as animal health. The marketability of food products is adversely affected by aflatoxin contamination.
Sterol contents from some fabaceous medicinal plants of Rajasthan desert
Authors: Kapoor B. B.S. , Purohit Veena
Published: May 2018

Evaluation of sterol contents from three selected medicinal plant species of Fabaceae family growing in Rajasthan Desert was carried out. The roots, shoots and fruits of Clitoria ternatea, Sesbania bispinosa and Tephrosia purpurea were analysed for sterol contents. - Sitosterol and Stigmasterol were isolated and identified. Maximum sterol contents were observed in shoots of Sesbania bispinosa (0.29 mg/g.d.w.), whereas minimum in roots of Tephrosia purpurea(0.15mg/g.d.w.
THE WAR OF 1733-1735 FOR “POLISH HERITAGE” IN THE WORKS OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE’S HISTORIANS
Authors: Belyukov Kirill Mikhailovich
Published: May 2018

The article examines the information on the war of 1733-1735 for “Polish heritage” available in the pre-revolutionary Russian historiography. For the first time the author identifies the different aspects of this conflict and analyzes their representation in the textbooks, monographs on this issue, studies on the history of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, literature on international relations and works of military historians. Special attention is paid to the problem of cause-effect relation between the war and the previous events. The author concludes that, in spite of having sufficient knowledge on certain issues, in the pre-revolutionary historiography there was no consistent picture of this conflict, consequently, the problem of comprehensive study of the war for “Polish heritage” is still relevant and is to be solved by modern researchers.
HISTORY OF ORGANIZING THE FIRST TECHNICAL HIGHER EDUCATION ESTABLISHMENT IN SAMARA PROVINCE - SAMARA POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE
Authors: Karev Dmitrii Aleksandrovich
Published: May 2018

The article traces the history of the formation of the first Samara polytechnic higher education establishment that served to satisfy economic needs of the region. On the basis of archival materials the author analyzes the motives to choose the region for creating the first higher education establishment of such type, examines the aspects of preparatory work of Samara provincial zemstvo and council (choosing the place for the building, architect and project), the activity of the first rector and the results of work for organizing the first higher education establishment in Samara province.
TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGES TO OFFICERS OF THE RUSSIAN ARMY IN THE XVIII-XIX CENTURIES
Authors: Zayats Irina Grigor'evna
Published: May 2018

The article considers the features of teaching foreign languages to future officers in the Russian Empire from Peter’s epoch to October Revolution. The author notes the leading role of the German and French languages during that period. The reasons, as a rule, of brilliant knowledge of foreign languages by the officers of the Russian tsarist army in the XVIII-XIX centuries are analyzed. The process of teaching foreign languages is discussed in the work in parallel with the history of the existence of cadet educational institutions in the Russian Empire.
ORGANIZATION OF INDEPENDENT WORK OF MASTER’S DEGREE STUDENTS IN PHILOLOGY WHILE STUDYING THE COURSE “THEORY AND METHODOLOGY OF TEACHING THE HISTORY OF RUSSIAN LITERATURE AT HIGHER SCHOOL”
Authors: Kazeeva Elena Aleksandrovna
Published: May 2018

The article summarizes the experience accumulated by the author in the field of organizing independent work of master’s degree students of the Faculty of Philology at Ogarev Mordovia State University on the discipline “Theory and Methodology of Teaching the History of Russian Literature at Higher School”. The paper offers questions and tasks for independent work on all the key topics of this course. It is concluded that properly organized independent work contributes to the successful acquisition of the course “Theory and Methodology of Teaching the History of Russian Literature at Higher School”, on the basis of which the further professional activity of master’s degree students in philology is built.
INTERDISCIPLINARY CONNECTIONS IN BRANCHES OF MATHEMATICS
Authors: Andreev-Tverdov Andrei Igorevich , Borovikov Ivan Fedorovich , Khusnetdinov Timur Rustyamovich
Published: May 2018

The paper proposes an original method of construction of a tangent to the given arcs of circles for two variants depending on the location of the point of intersection of the tangent line and the straight line connecting the arcs centres. The authors carry out an analysis confirming the reduction in the volume of constructions and the increase in the accuracy of the determination of the intersection points in a new construction method in comparison with the traditional one. An example of the formation of interdisciplinary connections of the graphic solution of the problem with an analytical solution is shown. The proposed solutions of the problem in two variants are accompanied by detailed description and illustrative graphics.
PEDAGOGICAL ASPECTS OF FORMING ADOLESCENTS’ PLASTIC CULTURE
Authors: Radchenko Irina Vladimirovna
Published: May 2018

The article deals with the pedagogical aspects of the process of adolescents’ plastic culture formation directed not only to teaching dance aspects, but also to the harmonious formation of the personality. Plastic culture is considered as: a part of performing in many kinds of professional and amateur art associated with the movement of the human body (choreography, theater, vocal, circus, etc.); the definition of culture, which includes the moral, aesthetic, professional aspects of the key notion - “plastics”, or “plasticity”. The author conducts a brief analysis of the historical stages of the formation of the notion “plastic culture”. The main directions of the work on the formation of plastic culture of the participants of the choreographic collective are determined.
METHODS OF WORKING WITH SCIENTIFIC TEXTS ON ECONOMICS IN CLASSES WITH VIETNAMESE STUDENTS AT THE PREPARATORY FACULTY
Authors: Tolstova Natal'ya Nikolaevna
Published: May 2018

Teaching the language of the specialty is an important aspect in teaching Russian as a foreign language at the preparatory faculty. It is well-known that a scientific text has a number of features, for example: large quantity of terms, increased use of verbal nouns, various syntactic constructions. The article describes some methods of working with educational and scientific texts on economics in classes with entrants, who have come from the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.
Students assessment in 2nd grade mathematics study materials
Authors: Leppävuori Anu , Laine Anu
Published: May 2018

The aim of the study was to examine how different book series support teacher in the pupil assessment. The focus of the study was on the demand of many-sidedness and continuity of assessment expressed in the curriculum. All materials in three different book series made for 2nd grade were analyzed. All the assessment instructions were collected from the materials and they were quantitatively examined based on their amount and location. The instructions were divided in two groups based on qualitative analysis: hands-on instructions and pedagogical instructions. Based on results Finnish textbook series follow well the concrete aims set out in the curriculum (Opetushallitus, 2004). Instead it is not so straightforward to interpret many-sidedness and continuity because the concepts can be defined in many ways. However, it can be noted that the assessment emphasizes one-sided traditional assessment: teacher gives the assessment, the aim of the assessment is to collect information, the target of the assessment is the learning result, and the method for assessment is quantitative tests. Newer forms of assessment could be found from the researched materials but they didn’t appear very systematically. When researching the continuity of the assessment it was found out that the materials guided teachers to make assessments several times during the semester. The assessment was suggested to perform at the end of the study module. The materials didn’t guide systematically to assess during the study module. FULL TEXT IN FINNISH
Randomized controlled trial comparing cefazolin with ceftriaxone in perioperative prophylaxis in orthopaedic surgeries
Authors: Kalawar Rosan Prasad Shah , Shrestha BP , Khanal GP , Chaudhary P , Rijal R , Maharjan R , Paneru SR
Published: May 2018

Background: Surgical site infection is one of the most dreaded complications faced by an orthopaedic surgeon. In spite of cefazolin being recommended as perioperative antibiotic, many orthopaedic surgeons continue to use ceftriaxone as perioperative antibiotic.Objective: To compare the effectiveness of cefazolin and ceftriaxone as perioperative prophylactic antibiotics in the prevention of surgical site infection in clean elective orthopaedic surgeries.Methods: We conducted a randomized controlled trial in 197 patients undergoing clean elective orthopaedic surgeries. The patients were divided into two groups. One group received intravenous prophylactic antibiotics cefazolin and gentamicin and the other group received ceftriaxone and gentamicin in standard doses for 48 hours. Both groups were followed by oral Cephadroxyl for 7 days. The patients were followed up for three months.Results: There was no significant difference in the rate of surgical site infection among the two groups.Conclusion: We conclude that there is no difference in the effectiveness of prevention of surgical site infection between cefazolin and ceftriaxone.Journal of BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Vol. 1, No. 1, 2018, page: 36-43
Equipping early childhood educators to support the development of sexuality in childhood: Identification of pre- and post-service training needs
Authors: Balter Alice-Simone , van Rhijn Tricia , Davies Adam W.J.
Published: May 2018

Pre- and post-service sexuality training for Early Childhood Educators (ECEs) is lacking in Canadian and international contexts. The objective of this study was to assess pre- and post-service sexuality education instruction and training needs among an ECE population in Ontario, Canada. Sixty-four participants completed an online survey, which included both closed- and open-ended questions. The survey assessed ECEs': a) perceptions of the quality of addressing sexuality and gender in early learning centres; b) current level of preparation in addressing the development of sexuality; and, c) sexuality training needs. Collectively, participants identified a variety of approaches to sexuality, spoke to themes of inadequate climates to address sexuality education, and the relational characteristics ECEs felt were beneficial for addressing sexuality and gender. Participants (65.6%) recognized the everyday opportunities in which they could engage in discourses of sexuality. Nevertheless, a lack of training to address these domains was notable, with 53.2% reporting inadequate preparation in their current role as an ECE. Findings are discussed in response to a paucity of curriculum documents, which hinders professionals' ability to adopt an emergent approach to address sexuality and gender.