bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Consentimiento para investigación en medicina de emergencia
Authors: Kenneth V
Published: September 2024

AbstractDiscussions of consent for research in Emergency Medicine and for procedures during medical emergencies must take into account the nature of both the specialty and the patients that present to emergency departments. With this knowledge, it becomes clear that, popular misconceptions to the contrary, Emergency Medicine research plays a vital role in care, and informed consent (or waiver for minimal-risk research) remains the standard for most emergencycare research. Indeed, to publish research in peer-reviewed journals requires evidence of a research ethics committee’s approval, which usually means obtaining informed consent but can also include (in the United States) a waiver or intense review and ongoing oversight.Such review and oversight, termed Retrospective/Deferred Consent, is a way of permitting research without prospective informed consent in the very limited circumstances of life- or limb-threatening diseases or injuries. Research Ethics Committees only approve Retrospective/Deferred Consent when no other option exists, when clinical equipoise exists, and when they can carefully monitor the study. Research performed in such time-sensitive clinical situations, once banned as unethical, has led to vital lifesaving alterations in medical practiceaffecting millions of patients.
Dermatomiositis paraneoplásica relacionada a cáncer de mama: asociación clínica de dos pacientes
Authors: López Gamboa V R , Blanzari M , Sardoy A , Campana R V , Nocito M J , Papa B M , Guidi A , Maldonado S , Gómez Zanni S , Bringas A
Published: September 2024

La dermatomiositis paraneoplásica es una enfermedad inflamatoria del tejido conectivo que responde a eventos inmunológicos ocasionados por la presencia de tumores malignos. Es más frecuente en mujeres de mediana edad y está ligada a cáncer de ovario, páncreas, estómago, colon y linfoma no Hodgkin. Presentamos dos casos de dermatomiositis de inicio amiopático asociados a cáncer de mama. El primero como parte de la progresión de la enfermedady el segundo como detonante para la búsqueda de un tumor oculto. Abstract:Paraneoplastic dermatomyositis is an inflammatory disease of the connective tissue that is caused by inmmunologic events in the presence of malignant tumors. It is more likely to happen in middle aged women and is related to ovarian, pancreatic, stomach and colon cancer and non Hogdkin lymphoma. We present two cases of dermatomyositis, with amyopathic origin associated to breast cancer. The first case occurs as the neoplasia evolves and thesecond one as an initial manifestation that leads to the search and subsequent diagnosis of cancer.
Histoplasmosis diseminada subaguda en pacientes VIH
Authors: López Gamboa V R , Blanzari M J , Campana R V , Nocito M J , Bringas A , Gómez Zanni S , Maldonado S , Guidi A , Papa B M
Published: September 2024

La histoplasmosis es una micosis cosmopolita causada por el Histoplasmacapsulatum. Es un hongo endémico de la cuenca del Río de La Plata que si afecta a inmunosuprimidos puede ser mortal. Presentamos dos pacientes con Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana con diagnóstico dehistoplasmosis diseminada subaguda. Esta situación los cataloga en estadío de Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida y requiere pronta acción médica para evitar complicaciones. Abstract:Histoplasmosis is a cosmopolitan mycosis caused by Histoplasma capsulatum. It is endemic of Río de la Plata’s riverbed and in immunocompromised patients may be deadly. We present two patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus diagnosed with subacute disseminated histoplasmosis, which is a marker of Acquired Human Immunodeficiency Syndrome. This situation increases themorbimortality, thus forcing clinicians to diagnose and treat rapidly in order to avoid fatal outcomes.
Evaluación psicométrica y estudio de fiabilidad del cuestionario general de salud (GHQ-12) en consultantes adultos del primer nivel de atención en Córdoba - argentina
Authors: Burrone María Soledad , Abeldaño Ariel , Lucchese Marcela , Susser Leah , Enders Julio , Alvarado Ruben , Valencia Eliecer , Fernandez Ruth
Published: September 2024

El Cuestionario de Salud General (GHQ-12) es uno de los instrumentos de tamizaje más utilizado para valorar los niveles de salud mental de la población. Sin embargo, no hay suficiente información sobre las propiedades psicométricas y fiabilidad del GHQ-12 para su uso en Argentina, y específicamente en la ciudad de Córdoba.Objetivo: Evaluar las propiedades psicométricas y la fiabilidad del GHQ-12 en consultantes adultos del primer nivel de atención en Córdoba, Argentina.Método: Estudio de diseño de corte transversal. Se realizó un muestreo probabilístico en consultantes de los centros de salud de la ciudad de Córdoba. El instrumento aplicado fue la versión en español del GHQ-12. Se realizó una adaptación semántica del GHQ-12 y se analizó la consistencia interna, la validez de constructo y se llevó a cabo un análisis de factores.Resultados: Se incluyeron en el estudio 854 consultantes del primer nivel de atención. El cuestionario tuvo una buena consistencia interna, con un alfa de Cronbach de 0,80. Se realizó un análisis factorial exploratorio y sugirió un modelo de dos factores para el GHQ-12, la estructura factorial fue similar al cuestionario original.Conclusiones: El GHQ-12 mostró buenas propiedades psicométricas y de fiabilidad en la población estudiada.AbstractIntroduction: The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) is a commonly used instrument to screen for psychiatric distress. However, the psychometric properties and reliability of the GHQ-12 in Argentina and, more specifically, in the city of Cordoba, have not previously been studied.Objective: To assess the psychometric properties and reliability of GHQ-12 in adult consultants of primary care in Cordoba, Argentina. Methods: Using probabilistic sampling in primary care centers in the city of Cordoba, a cross-sectional study was conducted. The Spanish version of the GHQ-12 was administered. The psychometric properties, including internal consistency and factor structure, for the Spanish version of the GHQ-12 were measured.Results: 854 primary care consultants were included in the study. The questionnaire had high internal consistency, with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.80. An exploratory factor analysis suggested a two-factor model, similar to what has been reported for the original questionnaire.Conclusions: The GHQ-12 showed good psychometric properties and reliability in the studied population.
La inserción laboral en personas con discapacidad mental (trastorno mental severo)
Authors: Rodríguez Ortiz Paulina , Alcantara María Soledad
Published: September 2024

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo dar a conocer la experiencia que en estos 20 años atravesó el instituto Austral de Salud Mental, haciendo la puntuación en los últimos 7 años del área de rehabilitacióny reinserción socioproductiva, en la búsqueda de la superación del obstáculo principal, en el objetivo de inserción productiva (trabajo) de personas que padecen enfermedad mental severo (como consecuencia de ello, una discapacidad) y que asisten a dicha área: “el estigma social del enfermo mental crónico”.Nuestra metodología de trabajo se lleva a cabo a partir de encuentros diarios semanales a través de una actividad productiva asistida por personas especializadas, donde el equipo profesional busca aplicando el método de la experiencia vivencial correctiva abordar las dificultades y/o capacidades que se han visto dañadas o deterioradas producto de la enfermedad mental.Una vez que la persona que padece una enfermedad mental crónica se encuentra en condiciones de reinserción o inserción en un ámbito social productivo (trabajo) es donde se presenta la dificultad de poderarticular y favorecer al desarrollo de una existencia humana completa.Es la etiqueta que aparece una y otra vez que margina al enfermo de salud mental crónica al exilio.AbstractThis article aims to present the experience in these 20 years crossed the Southern Institute of Mental Health, making the score in the last 7 years the area of rehabilitation and socio reintegration, in search of overcoming the main obstacle, the goal of productive insertion (work) of people suffering from severe mental illness (as a result, a disability) and attending to that area, "the social stigma the mentally ill".Our methodology is conducted weekly from daily encounters through productive activity assisted by specialists, where the professional team seeks to apply the method of corrective Experiential address the difficulties and / or capabilities that have been damaged or deteriorated product of mental illness. Once the person with a chronic mental illness are able to reintegration or integration into a productive social sphere (work) it is where the difficulty of articulating and promoting the development of a full human existence is presented.It is the label that appears over and over again that marginalizes the chronically ill mental health into exile.
Incidencia de accidentes laborales omo potencial riesgo biológico en un hospital público de tercer nivel de atención de la provincia de Santa Fé
Authors: Huanca Romina , Perretta Luis , Lebensohn Natalia , Di Tullio Liliana , Di Paolo Oscar , Pires Miryam , Quaglia Nora Beatriz
Published: September 2024

Los accidentes de trabajo con material corto-punzante son importante causa de perjuicios a los trabajadores y a las instituciones. Objetivo: estimar el riesgo de accidentes laborales en médicos y enfermeros en el Hospital Provincial del Centenario (HPC) y en particular en el Servicio de Guardia Médico (SGM) de dicho centro entre los años 2009 y 2013. Métodos: estudio de cohortes retrospectivo a partir del relevamiento de la información de las injurias por accidentes laborales con riesgo biológico en los trabajadores médicos y enfermeros del HPC. Resultados: los trabajadores médicos denunciaron el 45,7% (IC95%=37,2-54,3%) de los accidentes y los enfermeros el 38,4% (30,3-47,1%). La razón de tasas de incidencias (RTI) (médicos/enfermeros)(2009-2013)= 0,953 (0,661-1,373). Las edades y antigüedades de los trabajadores del SGM resultaron ser significativamente menor que las de las otras áreas asistenciales tomadas en conjunto. Las denuncias de accidentes provenientes del SGM fueron el 34,1% (IC95%: 26,2-42,6%) del total. Los trabajadores del SGM contaban con un promedio de edad y antigüedad significativamente menor que los trabajadores de otros servicios. En el SGM, la RTI (médicos/enfermeros)(2009-2013)= 6,337 (2,264 -17,733). Las edades y antigüedades de los trabajadores médicos del SGM resultaron ser significativamente menor que las de los trabajadores enfermeros en este servicio. Conclusión: El SGM resultó especialmente vulnerable para los accidentes laborales, los trabajadores médicos presentan un riesgo mayor a los accidentes en comparación con los trabajadores de enfermería. La menor edad y antigüedad laboral de los profesionales médicos podría estar relacionada, al menos parcialmente a estos hallazgos.
Desarrollo de modelo experimental para evaluación de los niveles de microorganismos en la saliva de niños con fisura de paladar
Authors: Palone Marcos Roberto Tovani , Vargas Vivian Patricia Saldias , Silva Thaieny Ribeiro da
Published: September 2024

Desarrollo de modelo experimental para evaluación de los niveles de microorganismos en la saliva de niños con fisura de paladar
Tumor Retroperitoneal: Neurofibroma
Authors: Lada Paul Eduardo , Marriot Daniela , Sanchez Tasonne Carlos , Sánchez Martin , Caballero Fabian , Massa Martin
Published: September 2024

The neurofibroma is a benign tumor that grows from the sheath of the peripheral nerves, which is often localizedon superficial tissues, especially in isolated forms. The neurofibromas can be of two types, localized or diffuse, thelast one closely related to Von Recklinghausen disease or NF-1. We described a 37 years old male e patient, 37years without symptoms, and the computed tomography scan (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging showed atumor in proximity to the right kidney, the psoas muscle, the spine and compressing the cava vein, but cannot beaccurately determinate the invasion of these structures. We review the differential diagnosis, therapeutic and themanagement of this disease in this clinical case.
Detection of Trypanosoma cruzi and Treatment Monitoring by PCR from Dried Blood Spot Samples in Children
Authors: Sanchez Ariel German , Alvarellos Emilio , Kohout Isolda , Rodriguez Schulz Diego , Cordeiro Enrique , Caeiro Juan Pablo , Alvarellos Teresita
Published: September 2024

Background: Parasitic infections by Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi) are frequent in children from endemic areas. Specific therapies have been successfully used in pediatric populations to treat this disease. T. cruzi diagnosis should be optimized and become available for any clinical environment.Objective: To study T. cruzi prevalence in children from an area of active transmission and carry out a post-treatment follow-up. To verify the feasibility of detecting DNA ofT. cruzi from dried blood spot.Methods: We analyzed presence of T. cruzi in 78 Aboriginal children (Toba community) that attended to a rural school of Chaco province, Argentina. Serum and whole blood (dried blood spot) were assessed by means of serological techniques and PCR. Positive children received Benznidazole. Diagnosis and post treatment follow-up of T. cruzi infection were performed.Results: The serology assay showed infection in 34 of 78 (43.5%) children studied; PCR was positive in 5/34, displaying parasitemia. Serology remained positive in 28/28 children 120 days post-treatment, while PCR was positive in 18/28 (6/34 children were lost in follow-up). No adverse effects during the treatment were reported.Conclusions: We were able to establish T. cruzi prevalence in the studied population and also to prove the usefulness of dried blood spot for T. cruzi detection using PCR in isolated areas. This method allowed us to verify early treatment failure. Possible causes of this failure are discussed below.
Theoretical and behavioral features to be considered when planning and implementing a PBL Curriculum
Authors: D'Ottavio Alberto Enrique
Published: September 2024

This work complements former articles about an Argentinean PBL curriculum after twelve years of development. In this context, it points out determined inflexible features linked to its theoretical-pedagogical basis and certain counter-productive behaviors detected in some planners, teachers and students during its design and/or enduring implementation. Hence, reflections are made on learning and adult learning (andragogy) theories. Furthermore, related questions and some aspects to be overcome are presented and analyzed. In this way, it also intends to honestly and responsibly warn well-trained curriculum planners and executors to be cautious when choosing and managing learning theories. Likewise, it complementarily highlights the need of refocusing teachers that, pretending to be forward-looking ones, end up harming what at first proclaimed to benefit: the students
Mieloptisis y Síndrome de Kasabach Merrit como manifestación inicial de angiosarcoma esplénico
Authors: Sierra Jeremias Tomas , Orozco Maira J , Prato Franco J , Sánchez Victoria , Basqueira Ana J , Brocca Carlos A
Published: September 2024

El angiosarcoma primario de bazo es una enfermedad maligna, inusual y agresiva. La invasión de la medula ósea y las alteraciones en la coagulación han sido descriptos de forma aislada. Presentamos una paciente de 26 años, que consultó por dolor abdominal, y en estudios iniciales anemia severa y trombocitopenia, asociada a la presencia de reacción leucoeritroblástica. Se observaron también signos de coagulopatía por consumo y microangiopatía: esquistocitos, tiempo de protrombina prolongado, fibrinógeno disminuido y dímero D aumentado. Los estudios imagenológicos demostraron hepatoesplenomegalia con  lesiones nodulares de diferentes densidades en ambos órganos, además de nodulillos pulmonares y lesiones óseas con neovascularización. El cuadro clínico de Síndrome de Kasabach Merrit y la presencia de tumor vascular llevó a la sospecha de tumor esplénico primario. Se realizó esplenectomía y biopsia de medula ósea, logrando así, el diagnóstico de angiosarcoma primario de bazo en estadio metástasico.
Vaivenes de una conmemoración El Día del Médico
Authors: Acerbi Norma
Published: September 2024

En este artículo se describe la historia de los orígenes del Día del Médico.
Mucormicosis cutanea- Presentación de Caso Clínico, recuerdo de etiopatogenia diagnóstico y tratamiento
Authors: Frey Gutierrez Miguel Enrique , Martinez Gabriel W , Alvarez Milan Lorena , Acuña Vassallo Juan P , Trinajstic Edgardo M
Published: September 2024

La mucormicosis  es  una  infección emergente  grave, producida por hongos saprófitos  del orden  de los  mucorales, que afecta fundamentalmente a pacientes inmunocomprometidos. Las   formas  de presentación  pueden ser rinosinusal, pulmonar, gastrointestinal, diseminada y localizada en heridas y quemaduras.   La presentación  cutánea se origina por inoculación de esporas dentro de la dermis con el subsecuente desarrollo compatible con ectima  gangrenoso. El paciente en cuestión  recibió tratamiento de la lesión con  limpieza quirúrgica y antimicótico.
Anestesia y Neurodesarrollo
Authors: Cuestas Eduardo
Published: September 2024

El cerebro en desarrollo es un órgano sumamentelábil y vulnerable a todo tipo de injurias. Pero tambiénposee una enorme plasticidad y puede adaptarsea las diferentes lesiones mediante diversosmecanismos reparativos.Una considerable cantidad de evidencias procedentesde estudios realizados en animales deespecies que van de los vermes a primates, sugierenque la exposición a anestésicos generalesincluyendo tanto los antagonistas de NMDA comolos agonistas de GABA en edades tempranas dela vida, incluyendo la prenatal, causan apoptosisneuronal y déficits en el aprendizaje y memoria alargo plazo. Dado que millones de niños alrededordel mundo requieren cada año de anestesiapara actos quirúrgicos, estos datos han suscitadopreocupación en el ámbito médico, el público ylas autoridades, incluyendo un aviso de advertenciade la FDA de EUA...
La familia con un niño con discapacidad: breve recorrido histórico hasta la actualidad
Authors: Cieri Maria Elisabeth , Cuestas Eduardo
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Throughout history, sociocultural changes, improves in life expectancy, among other factors have been changing the way people look at with disabilities. Family and society play a fundamental role in the conception of the disabled member.Objective: Develop and describe how families and society considered children with disabilities at different historical moments. Describe how the family with members with disabilities interact with the social and cultural context that surrounds.Method: A literature review was carried out based on keywords in the MEDLINE (PubMed), SCOPUS, and Google Scholar databases.Conclusion: Considering families with a child with a disability at different historical moments was not always the same. The limitations of the context and the socio-historical moment in which both the family and a member with disabilities are located can condition the optimal development of the person.
Participation of nurses in the prevention of mental health disorders
Authors: Krasyukov A. V.
Published: September 2024

The participation of nurses in the prevention of mental disorders and the possibility of increasing their contribution to the organization of this care is currently extremely relevant against the background of the participation of the medical community of the world in general, and the Russian Federation in particular, in the implementation of the achievement of sustainable development goals. Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were set by the UN for the period up to 2030 to solve the problems of global and national development. All UN members, including the Russian Federation, are implementing the SDGs to increase economic growth, social development in such sectors of the social sphere as education, healthcare, social protection and employment, as well as environmental protection. In total, 17 such goals have been formed at present. As part of this study, we analyze the participation of nurses in achieving the Goal "Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages", which is aimed at promoting a healthy lifestyle and promoting "well-being for all at all ages - important components of sustainable development" In this regard, a systematic approach to the early detection of states of psycho-emotional stress and the prevention of mental disorders is required. And a special role in this treatment and preventive activity is played by nurses of various specialties who work in outpatient, inpatient units, and provide primary, multidisciplinary and specialized care to the population. The development of nurses' competencies and, indirectly, the effectiveness of the functioning of a medical organization will be parts of a general system of measures that contribute to the prevention of mental disorders and an increase in the level of mental health.
Bronchial carcinoid. Stages of treatment
Authors: Kammaev K. A. , Tarabrin E. A. , Kallagov T. E. , Merzhoeva Z. M. , Katane Yu. A. , Ashirova G. I.
Published: September 2024

Carcinoids are tumors of the diffuse endocrine system that arise from hormone-producing cells of nervous origin (secretory neurocytes). Bronchial carcinoid was first described by R. Leannec [3] in 1831. Among all lung neoplasms, carcinoid tumors occur in 2%. CONCLUSION This method allowed the first stage to stop inflammatory processes in the lung tissue, which contributed to the effective implementation of the main stage of treatment. Lobectomy was performed without complications.
Familial adenomatous polyposis associated with malignancy
Authors: Sharapova E. V. , Semenova V. V. , Nasedkina T. V. , Belysheva T. S. , Mikhailova S. N. , Malikhova O. A. , Gusarova O. A. , Lozovaya V. V. , Tumanyan A. .
Published: September 2024

Background Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a rare genetic disorder that is inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion. This disease is caused by a germline mutation in the APC gene, but in 20-30% of cases the disease occurs due to de novo mutations. There are several forms of the disease from severe, which is characterized by a pronounced number of polyps throughout the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) to a mild (attenuated) form of FAP, with less than 100 colonic polyps. According to various scientific literature, the risk of malignancy of epithelial formations reaches 100%. Identified epithelial formations of the gastrointestinal tract will lie down for endoscopic or surgical treatment. FAP is also characterized by neoplasms of extraintestinal localization, which characterizes it as a multisystem syndrome. There is a high risk of developing congenital retinal pigment epithelium hypertrophy, bone osteoma, fibroma, angiofibroma of the nose, thyroid carcinoma, hepatoblastoma, brain tumor and pancreatic tumor. Congenital retinal hypertrophy is the earliest extraintestinal manifestation of FAP. Thyroid cancer in young people, as a rule, is diagnosed first and serves as the basis for a comprehensive endoscopic diagnosis of the gastrointestinal tract. We present a rare case of FAP in a 14-year-old child associated with malignant neoplasms of extraintestinal localizations.
Clinical observation: papillomatosis and cicatricial stricture of the esophagus
Authors: Bulganina N. A. , Godzello E. A. , Khrustaleva M. V.
Published: September 2024

Purpose To draw the attention of doctors to one of the rare diseases and neoplasms of the esophagus - papillomatosis. Clinical and pathological features of the combination of papillomatosis and cicatricial stricture of the esophagus in one patient as well as treatment options are discussed. Materials, methods and results A 56-year-old patient complained of dysphagia and odynophagia, shortness of breath. In childhood, he came through a tracheostomy and several sessions of bougienage of the esophagus after a chemical burn of the esophagus. Currently, endoscopic examination revealed cicatricial deformity and narrowing of the lumen to 12 mm in the upper third the esophagus, the mucosa is thickened, with papillomatous growths in the form of longitudinal ridges, the structure of the mucosa has a papillary character. Histological examination of the esophageal mucosa shows hyperplasia of the stratified squamous epithelium in the form of multiple polypoid outgrowths with fibrovascular centers, epithelial dysplasia was not detected. The first session of endoscopic bougienage was performed, but thereafter the patient was unable to continue bougienage or any other treatment. Conclusion There are no standard guidelines for the treatment or monitoring of patients with esophageal papillomatosis. Summarizing information from literary sources and our own experience, we consider endoscopic removal of both local single papillomas of the esophagus and widespread papillomatosis.
Analysis of the educational standard for training nurses with higher education and the development of their competencies as nursing managers
Authors: Krasyukov A. V.
Published: September 2024

The object of the research of this article: the development of nursing in the Russian Federation based on identifying areas for improving the training of nursing specialists with higher education, expanding their professional, managerial and leadership functions. Subject of the study: organizational and managerial relations arising in the process of improving the activities of nurse managers based on the development of their organizational, managerial and research competencies. Objectives: To analyze federal state educational standards in the field of training "Nursing" for its compliance with the modern needs of the healthcare system of the Russian Federation and the development of nursing. To identify the shortcomings of the studied FSES and the competencies of nurses embedded in them, and to assess the presence of contradictions in the needs of the modern healthcare system of the Russian Federation and the real capabilities of nurses as managers of the nursing link To develop directions for the development of nursing and the improvement of the system of education or development of managerial skills and leadership qualities of nurses as managers of the nursing link.
Directions for improving the model of operation theatre organization in surgical departments
Authors: Lototsky M. M. , Krasuykov A. V.
Published: September 2024

The article examines the current model of operation theatre organization in surgical departments and justifies directions for its improvement. The main components of the current model include regulatory acts (NPA), equipment, principles of operation, and functions of participants. The proposed Directions for improving the operation theatre model in surgical departments are based on expanding the leadership and organizational functions of operating room nurses, redesigning the workflow model of the operating unit by incorporating principles of efficiency, safety, use of information technologies, creative management, and cost accounting methodology. It is also suggested to integrate modern quality management tools based on quality management standards into the operating unit workflow model.
Report on the first All-Russian Student Olympiad on Endoscopy
Authors: Klimov A. V. , Antipova M. V. , Avanesyan R. G. , Korolev M. P. , Rusanov D. S. , Bakasova E. O. , Kosmakov I. A. , Spesivtsev Yu. A.
Published: September 2024

Purpose: To demonstrate the results of the first All-Russian Student Olympiad on Endoscopy. Materials and methods: The team of authors prepared and conducted the first All-Russian Student Olympiad on Endoscopy within the framework of the conference «Topical Issues of Endoscopy». The Olympiad was held in two stages, which allowed evaluating the theoretical knowledge and practical skills of the participants. The topic of the first All-Russian Student Olympiad was upper GI tract endoscopy. The first stage consisted of testing and a quiz. The test was devoted to general issues of endoscopy, and the quiz was devoted to bleeding from the upper GI tract and methods of endoscopic hemostasis. The second stage consisted of a practical part and answers to the judges’ questions. The practical part involved performance of video endoscopy on a biopreparation (porcine esophagus and stomach), identification of a conditional ulcer complicated by bleeding and performance of endoscopic hemostasis by clipping. When performing the task, the team spoke through all their actions. After the manipulation, each team answered 2 questions from the judges. Results: The results of the All-Russian Student Olympiad revealed three winners. 1st place: the team of the N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (A. A. Klimenko, 3rd year student; K. A. Kuznetsova, 5th year student; A. I. Khizhnyak, 5th year student); 2nd place: the team of the St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University (D. K. Skalinsky, 3rd year student; A. D. Komarova, 3rd year student; I. A. Cherepakhina, 5th year student); 3rd place: the team of the V. A. Almazov National Medical Research Center FSBI of the Ministry of Health of Russia (A. D. Shelimanova, 4th year student; Yu. M. Bogdanov, 5th year student; M. V. Chukin, 4th year student). Conclusion: The event enabled the students to show curiosity, determine the attitude to the future profession, demonstrate their knowledge and manual skills in the field of endoscopy, as well as gain experience in teamwork. Evaluating the work of the novice endoscopists, the leading specialists in the field of surgery and endoscopy identify promising students, which has a positive impact on attracting young promising specialists to the profession.
The Vertical Integration Model of Peacebuilding as Applied to the Bangsamoro Peace Process
Authors: Berowa Ian Nasser E.
Published: September 2024

This paper is an attempt to apply the vertical integration framework to the Bangsamoro peace process. The model can be applied to the Bangsamoro peace process through an inspection of the actors involved in the process: mediation, facilitation, and implementation. However, given the multitude of actors involved in the triple nexus of peacebuilding, it entails cooperation, coordination, and collaboration based on mutual trust and a multitude of other factors. Participation and accommodation are just features of the peace process since what matters most is the realization that possible solutions may just be around the corner which can be achieved through indigenous processes already known to the locals themselves.
The Era of Artificial Intelligence: Examining Indonesia’s Adaptability and Legal Challenges
Authors: Hafiz Maulana
Published: September 2024

The rapid progress in artificial intelligence (AI) technology has given rise to a range of legal complexities, particularly pertaining to deepfake technology. This research delves into the impacts of deepfake media, with a specific focus on areas such as deepfake pornography, defamation, and image-based sexual abuse. The widespread use of deepfake technology has resulted in substantial concerns relating to privacy breaches, harm to reputation, and transnational abuse, posing distinctive challenges for legal enforcement and judicial systems. Furthermore, it is noted that the current legal framework in Indonesia, particularly the TPKS Law and the Revised Criminal Code (KUHP), is inadequate in addressing the intricacies of AI-driven offenses. The paper underscored the necessity for updated legislation and enhanced technological capabilities within law enforcement agencies to effectively combat AI-enabled crimes. While acknowledging the potential applications of AI in various sectors, including cybersecurity, the study emphasizes the urgency of aligning Indonesia's legal framework with the evolving landscape of artificial intelligence. This research serves as a comprehensive exploration of the legal implications of AI and deepfake technology in Indonesia, advocating for proactive measures to mitigate the risks posed by these technological advancements.
Associations Between Parity and Parasympathetic Regulation in Response to Infant Cry
Authors: Gemignani Micol , Sinisalo Hanneli , Peltola Mikko J.
Published: September 2024

Research suggests that women’s parasympathetic responses to infant cry reflect regulation of arousal and are associated with caregiving behaviors. In particular, respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) withdrawal in response to infant cry has been associated with maternal sensitivity. However, the ways in which multiple reproductive experiences (i.e., parity, conceptualized as giving birth and raising a child) can modulate women’s RSA in response to infant cry is still unknown. The aim of this study was to test whether and how women’s RSA in response to infant cry was associated with parity. Participants included 184 women (62 nulliparous women; 86 primiparous women; 36 multiparous women). RSA was measured while women were watching a neutral video, followed by videos of crying infants. Analyses revealed that the cry condition was associated with a significant RSA withdrawal, compared to the baseline condition, in both multiparous and nulliparous women. A statistically significant RSA withdrawal was absent among primiparous women, possibly reflecting a more sustained physiological arousal to infant cry. Discussion focuses on the potential challenges in physiological regulation, indexed by RSA withdrawal, among primiparous women in response to infant cry. More sustained arousal may both support an increased focus on infant signals, but also predispose new mothers to perceive greater stress.
I choo-choo-choose you: A tutorial on automated item selection in scale construction
Authors: Schultze Martin , Lorenz Timo
Published: September 2024

Automated item selection procedures have become integral to contemporary scaleconstruction and shortening due to the increasing complexity of research questions, whichdemand shorter yet robust questionnaires. These questionnaires must meet various qualitycriteria beyond traditional reliability. Despite steady technical advancements and growing useof these methods, a comprehensive overview of current possibilities and generalrecommendations remains scarce. This step-by-step introduction demonstrates how toleverage automated item selection in scale construction using the R package stuart. Weoutline three critical decisions involved in the application of these procedures and providerecommendations for selecting the appropriate strategy, generating custom optimizationfunctions, and choosing quality control schemes. Additionally, we offer guidance onreporting results, accompanied by practical examples and R code.
Flexibly Detecting Effect Heterogeneity with an Application to the Effects of College on Reducing Poverty
Authors: Xu Jiahui , Brand Jennie E. , Shinkre Tanvi , Jeon Nanum
Published: September 2024

Units of analysis in social research do not respond uniformly to events and interventions. Yet it is not always clear which axes of heterogeneity are most important to consider before data analysis. We use causal forests to nonparametrically uncover heterogeneous treatment effects. We then adapt causal forests and advance causal mediation forests to assess heterogeneous direct and indirect effects. This novel adaptation explores heterogeneity in the causal paths linking a treatment to an outcome through a binary, multinomial, or continuous mediator. Bothcausal forests and causal mediation forests robustly adjust for high-dimensional confounders, yielding asymptotically normal and n1/2 consistent estimates. We show that forest-based approaches often outperform alternative methods in identifying effect heterogeneity. We apply the forest-based methods to study the heterogeneous effects of four-year college on reducing poverty with data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 and 1997 cohorts and find large gains for disadvantaged youth.
The Evolving Influence of Artificial Intelligence on Customer Engagement Dynamics
Authors: Niraula Saramsha , Lama Manii Bhadra , Goel Ketan , Shrestha Alina
Published: September 2024

This study examines the evolving influence of artificial intelligence (AI) on customer engagement dynamics, aiming to provide insights into how AI technologies can enhance engagement, loyalty, and trust among consumers. A quantitative research approach was employed with a causal research design. Data was collected from 140 individuals in the Kathmandu Valley, primarily undergraduate students aged 20-29 years, through a questionnaire utilizing a 7-point Likert scale. Correlation analyses were conducted using SPSS software version 23 to analyze the data. The study's findings highlight the transformative potential of AI in shaping customer engagement dynamics. By leveraging AI technologies, businesses can significantly enhance customer engagement and foster stronger relationships, ultimately driving competitive advantage and sustainable growth in an increasingly digital marketplace. The implications of this research suggest that understanding AI's capabilities can empower businesses to develop more effective customer engagement strategies. This presents opportunities for further investigation into the factors influencing the adoption and effectiveness of AI in customer engagement. Overall, this study contributes to the understanding of AI's role in customer engagement within the context of Nepal. Future research can provide valuable insights for businesses operating in emerging markets, informing the development of AI solutions tailored to the specific needs and preferences of local customers. By exploring these dynamics, organizations can better navigate the challenges of customer engagement in a rapidly changing technological landscape.
Determinants of International Trade: Nepalese Perspectives
Authors: Aryal Bibhu Prasad
Published: September 2024

This article aims to identify and analyze the economic determinants that directly influence Nepal's international trade activities. The analysis is divided into import and export models, utilizing secondary sources of annual data from July 1975 to July 2023. The study employs regression analysis to identify the relationships between the dependent and independent variables affecting trade performance. The regression model for imports (Model A) indicates that real GDP and the consumer price index (CPI) of India have significant positive effects on imports, with coefficients of 1.59 and 1.47, respectively, both statistically significant at the 1% level. Conversely, remittances show a strong negative effect on imports, with a coefficient of -0.13. For exports (Model B), the analysis reveals relationships between exports and three independent variables: the CPI in India, exchange rate, and real GDP. The CPI in India has a coefficient of -6.496, highly significant (p = 0.0000), indicating that a 1% increase in the CPI leads to approximately a 6.50% decrease in exports, highlighting a strong negative impact of rising prices in India on exports to Nepal. By addressing the identified economic determinants, policymakers can develop strategies to improve Nepal's international trade dynamics and overall economic resilience.
Enhancing Customer Engagement through Marketing 5.0: An Empirical Analysis
Authors: K Santhosh Kumar
Published: September 2024

This study explores the impact of Marketing 5.0 techniques—Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning (AIML), Big Data Analytics (BDA), Internet of Things (IoT), Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality (ARVR), Blockchain Technology (BT), and Voice Search Optimization (VSO)—on customer engagement (CE). The research employs a regression model with a sample of 250 respondents to examine the correlations and significance between these technologies and CE.The analysis reveals that AIML, BT, and ARVR significantly enhance CE, with AIML and BT showing the strongest positive correlations. Conversely, VSO is associated with a negative impact on CE. The regression model demonstrates an adjusted R-squared value of 0.489, indicating that these predictors explain a substantial portion of the variability in CE. ANOVA results confirm the model's statistical significance, emphasizing the importance of AIML, BT, and ARVR in improving customer interaction and brand involvement. The findings highlight the transformative potential of Marketing 5.0 technologies in delivering personalized and immersive experiences that drive customer loyalty and business growth in a competitive digital landscape. Organizations should strategically integrate AIML, BT, and ARVR into their marketing efforts to enhance customer engagement and gain a competitive edge.
Digital Implementation of Doteli Dictionary: A Tri-Lingual Dictionary for Doteli Language
Authors: Bhatt Hari Sharan
Published: September 2024

This research article discusses the development and implementation of a digital Doteli dictionary, designed to bridge the linguistic gap between Doteli, Nepali, and English. The trilingual dictionary app operates on Android platforms and offers functionalities such as word meaning searches, antonym/synonym retrieval, pronunciation guides, language translation, and the ability to bookmark words. Physical dictionaries have several limitations, including bulkiness, low portability, time-consuming searches, difficulty in modification, limited accessibility, and the absence of pronunciation features. According to the literature, no digital version of the Doteli dictionary has been developed to date. This research aims to address these limitations by providing a digital version of the Doteli dictionary that includes all the aforementioned features. Drawing inspiration from traditional dictionaries, the digital version seeks to preserve, promote, and make the linguistic richness of the Doteli language more accessible. The development and testing of the app follow the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) approach, with all sample data sourced from physical dictionaries. The system has been successfully implemented and installed on Android-based mobile devices using Java programming. This work is beneficial for language learners, linguists, researchers, teachers, students, and developers.
The Exclusion of Dalits in Local Governance
Authors: BK Upendra Bahadur
Published: September 2024

In order to guarantee citizen participation in the decision-making stages of governance, the federal system of governance in Nepal distributes state authorities across the national and sub-nation al levels. From an equity perspective, local governance becomes even more fundamental when oppressed and marginalized people participate in decision-making. Examining the degree of Dalit subordination in local government decision-making is the article’s goal. In addition to critically analyzing relevant material pertaining to the research issue, the researcher employed a narrative approach to gather lived experiences of Dalits in local politics. It was discovered that Dalits are silenced at the local government decision-making levels. The elites (thulabada) in the settlements effectively explain and capture the needs of local developments, but Dalits remain unheard. The elected elites conduct the executive and topic committee meetings and consultations. Dalit elected members continue to yield to decisions that are supported by non-Dalits.  Dalits are positioned at the bottom of the caste system by the dominant ideology that has permeated the community. As a result, Dalits are purposefully ignored by society, socio culturally disintegrated, and weak in politics. Dalits’ views are excluded from local government decisions and resources since they are not represented in executive positions within the local government. The community is divided along caste lines by the deeply ingrained psychology of the caste system.
Soc Trang residents’ willingness to payfor renewable energy development projects
Authors:   Can Tho University, Campus 2, 3/2 Street, Xuan Khanh Ward, Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City, Vietnam, Huynh VietKhai , Tran Thi Thu Duyen ,   Can Tho University, Campus 2, 3/2 Street, Xuan Khanh Ward, Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City, Vietnam, Nguyen Tai Manh ,   Can Tho University, Campus 2, 3/2 Street, Xuan Khanh Ward, Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City, Vietnam, Nguyen Thi Thuy Kieu ,   Can Tho University, Campus 2, 3/2 Street, Xuan Khanh Ward, Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City, Vietnam
Published: September 2024

In Vietnam, electricity production has been growing strongly and is expected tocontinue increasing in the future. However, heavy reliance on fossil fuels is putting significant pressure on the environment and national energy security. The public's awareness of the potential and benefits of renewable energy is still limited. The lackof understanding about the positive impacts of renewable energy compared to fossil fuels may lead to a lack of community support for the green energy transition process.This studyappliesthe approachof choice modelling (CM) or choice experiment (CE) toevaluatethe willingness to pay (contribute) of residents in Soc Trang province for renewable energy development projects. The results indicate that the majority of Soc Trang residents have some knowledgeabout common renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and biomass energy. They demonstrate a willingness to contribute to the benefits that renewable energydevelopment projectscan bring, includingimproving the environmental landscape, protecting wildlife habitats, reducing air pollution, and creating new job opportunities. Among these benefits, they are particularly interested in the potential for job creation through renewable energydevelopment projects
MORPHOLOGY OF THE HEART IN THE DELAYED PERIOD OF EXPOSURE TO LOW DOSES OF LEAD
Authors: Pataraia Giorgi  , Mermanishvili Tatiana  , Tchatchia Grigol  , Tchaturidze Nana
Published: September 2024

The aim of this study was to investigate the delayed effects of low doses of lead exposure on the hart using an original experimental model for studying the delayed effects. Analysis of the obtained morphological picture revealed structural abnormalities affecting both the muscular and stromal-vascular components. The degree of damage is in direct correlation with the received dose of lead. The above indicates that lead loading, even in low doses, is accompanied by structural abnormalities in the heart even after a long time. Most likely, this is due to the ability of lead to accumulate in the body and remain there for a long time. Vascular disorders play a certain, if not the main, role in the damage to muscle cells. However, the presence of a complex mechanism, which also implies primary damage to cardiomyocytes under the influence of lead, cannot be ruled out. Due to the properties of lead and its impact on the body, and also due to the fact that it is impossible to stop the spread of lead in nature, it is important, along with the study of the mechanisms and results of lead exposure, to find prophylactic means that displace lead ions from the body and regulate metabolism, which is affected by their activity.
تأثير اللغة الفرنسية في لهجة أبشة (دراسة وصفية تطبيقية)
Authors: حران أحمد إبراهيم , الزبير الزبير آدم
Published: September 2024

الأهداف: هدفت الدراسة إلى معرفة مدى تأثير اللغة الفرنسية الوافدة إلى لهجة أبشة العربية المحلية، والصراع الذي دار بين اللغتين؛ كما تناولت الدراسة انتصار اللهجة العربية على اللغة الفرنسية في الوسط الشعبي. المنهجية: اعتمدنا على المنهج الوصفي الاستقرائي والمنهج التاريخي، واستطعنا من خلالها الوقوف على كثير من المفردات والعبارات المستخدمة في العامية التشادية. خلاصة الدرسة: خلصت الدراسة إلى أن لهجة أبشة قد تأثرت باللغة الفرنسية؛ ولكن أغلب التأثير كان في المفردات، وتوصلت الدارسة أيضًا إلى أن الألفاظ المستخدمة في وسائل المواصلات ووسائل التقنية الحديثة لاسيما الإلكترونيات أغلبها تسمى بالمسميات الأجنبية إلا أنها عربت وأدمجت في قاموس العامية التشادية.
Isolated Left Ventricular Apical Hypoplasia: A Case Report
Authors: Ruiz Martín Patricia
Published: September 2024

We show the images of two cases of this rare pathology from our congenital heart disease unit.