bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Developing Mathematical Problem-Based Learning Devices on Social Aritmetic Topic to Improve Creative Thinking Skills of Junior High Schools Students
Authors: Chrisdiyanto Endar , Alfian Zudhy Nur , Pangestu Aji
Published: April 2021

The objective of this development research is to produce a mathematical problem-based learning tool on the topic of social arithmetic to improve the creative thinking skills of junior high school students. This research describes the quality of the learning tools developed in terms of three aspects, namely validity, practicality, and effectiveness. The development model employed in the development of this learning device is the ADDIE model. The ADDIE model consists of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Learning devices meet the validity criteria indicated by the lesson plan score of 151 in the very good category. The assessment score of student's worksheet is 125 which is in a very good category. Teacher questionnaire responses obtain a score of 87 which is in the very practical category and the student response questionnaire obtains a score of 68.29 which is in the very practical category. The results of the analysis on the effectiveness show that the learning device meets the effectiveness criteria viewed from the percentage of completeness of 87%, the significance value of 0,000 <α (0.005), and the value of t count (6,604)> t table (1,645).
Application of Webster's Method to Optimizing Traffic Lights at the Intersection of Bantul - Nasional III Street, Yogyakarta
Authors: Prihantini  , Santoso Albert Hosea , Fajrin Hanifa Reygina
Published: April 2021

Indonesia is a developing country with the fourth largest population in the world. Population in one of the provinces in Indonesia, namely Yogyakarta Special Region. Based on data from the Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), the Special Region of Yogyakarta reached 3.8 million people in 2018. Of this number, almost one third (1.2 million people) are residents of Sleman. While the region with the next largest population is Bantul with 1 million inhabitants. Increasing population causes the need to move and other needs, as well as activities in the education, office and trade sectors also increase. This increase will also affect transportation by increasing the number of vehicles, but this increase is not in line with the existing traffic light updates. As a result, the capacity of the street section has decreased and caused congestion, for example at the APILL intersection on Bantul-Nasional III Street, Yogyakarta. This shows that the existing traffic light settings are not optimal. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the duration of the traffic lights to minimize congestion. This research was conducted to analyze the traffic light system at the APILL intersection on Bantul-Nasional III Street, Yogyakarta using the Webster method. The results of calculations using this method obtained results for the Bantul Street (north), the duration of the green light 30 seconds, yellow 3 seconds and red 28 seconds. For Nasional III Street (East), the duration of the green light is 24 seconds, yellow is 3 seconds and red is 34 seconds. For Bantul Street (south), the duration of the green light is 30 seconds, yellow is 3 seconds and red is 28 seconds. For Nasional III Street (West), the duration of the green light is 24 seconds, yellow is 3 seconds and red is 34 seconds. These results look more optimal than those on the field today.
Temperature Forecast Using Ridge Regression as Model Output Statistics
Authors: Qona’ah Niswatul , Sutikno  , Ferawati Kiki , Nirwana Muhammad Bayu
Published: April 2021

Over the past few years, BMKG (Meteorological, Climatological and Geophysical Agency) in Indonesia has used numerical weather forecasting techniques, namely Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP). However, the NWP forecast still has a high bias because it is only measured on a global scale and unable to capture the dynamics of atmosphere (Wilks, 2007). Hence, this study implements Ridge Regression as Model Output Statistics (MOS) for temperature forecast. This study uses the maximum temperature (Tmax) and minimum temperature (Tmin) observation at 4 stations in Indonesia as the response variables and NWP as the predictor variable. The results show that the performance of the model based on Root Mean Square Error of Prediction (RMSEP) is considered to be good and intermediate.  The RMSEP for Tmax in all stations is intermediate (0.9-1.2), Tmin in all stations is good (0.5-0.8). The prediction result from Ridge Regression is more accurate than the NWP model and able to correct up to 90.49% of the biased NWP for Tmax forecasting.
Detection of Rice Plants Diseases Using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)
Authors: Rasjava Achmad Ramadhanna’il , Sugiyarto Aditya Wisnugraha , Kurniasari Yori , Ramadhan Syaifullah Yusuf
Published: April 2021

As a rice-producing plant, rice plant (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important crops in Indonesia. Rice production is increasing every year along with an increase in rice demand and population.The amount of rice production is affected by the condition of the rice plants. The worse the condition of rice plants, the rice production will also lower. Rice plant is very susceptible to diseases or pests that can reduce its productivity, including brown spot disease, leaf smut and bacterial leaf blight. As the development of science and technology, currently known as Artificial Intelligence. Artificial intelligence is a combination of several scientific disciplines such as mathematics, statistics, computer science, and even social science. Using artificial intelligence, the system now have the ability to interpret external data correctly to learn from the data and then use the learning to achieve certain goals through flexible adaptation. The artificial intelligence fields consists of several branches, such as machine learning and deep learning. Neural Network (NN) is one of the methods used in the deep learning.NN has many types, one of which is the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). CNN is the best-knownmethod used for processingimages data compared to other types of NN. Therefore, in this study the identification of rice plants diseases was carriedout using CNN method. From this study,better results were obtained compared to other methods, obtaining 100% accuracy for training data and 86,67% for testing data. The model obtained by the CNN method can be used for detecting 3 different types of rice plants diseases, there are brown spots, leaf smuts, or bacterial leaf blight disease based on the physical images of rice plant leaves.
Secure Naïve Bayes Classification without Loss of Accuracy with Application to Breast Cancer Prediction
Authors: Kjamilji Artrim , Idrizi Arben , Luma-Osmani Shkurte , Zenuni-Kjamilji Ferihane
Published: April 2021

The classification and prediction accuracy of Machine Learning (ML) algorithms, which often outperform human experts of the related field, have enabled them to be used in areas such as health and disease prediction, image and speech recognition, cyber-security threats and credit-card fraud detection and others. However, laws, ethics and privacy concerns prevent ML algorithms to be used in many real-case scenarios. In order to overcome this problem, we introduce a few flexible and secure building blocks which can be used to build different privacy preserving classifications schemes based on already trained ML models. Then, as a use-case scenario, we utilize and practically use those blocks to enable a privacy preserving Naïve Bayes classifier in the semi-honest model with application to breast cancer detection. Our theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the proposed scheme in many aspects is more efficient in terms of computation and communication cost, as well as in terms of security properties than several state of the art schemes. Furthermore, our privacy preserving scheme shows no loss of accuracy compared to the plain classifier.
Natural Food Preservation Based on Randu Leaf Extract (Ceiba pentadra) and White Onion (Allium sativum) Extract on The Intensity of Bacterial Series In Tomato and Bakso Beef
Authors: Hidayat Muhammad Syarif , Iswari Retno Sri , Bintari Siti Harnina
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of kapok leaf extract and garlic extract tubers effectively inhibit bacteria in tomatoes and beef meatballs. The research design uses a completely randomized design (CRD) which consists of one factor, namely food preservatives. Tomato and beef meatballs samples were immersed in kapok leaf extract and garlic bulb extract with different concentrations, namely 0, 50% and 50%, 100% garlic bulb extract and 100% kapok leaf extract for 15 minutes. Then the samples were stored at room temperature ranging from 22-31 degrees centigrade for 5 days. The results showed that the kapok leaf extract and garlic tuber extract effectively inhibited inhibiting bacteria.
Developing A Public Value Waste Management Framework in Traditional Market
Authors: Fauziah Nike Mutiara , Fadlurrahman  , Nugraha Joko Tri , Mahendradi RM.
Published: April 2021

The growth of trade activity impacts on increasing waste volume. One of the waste problem that becomes the attention of government is waste management in traditional market. Waste problem besides being challenging, can also be an opportunity, as well as waste management in Traditional Markets. This paper aims to explore the public value management theory that can be applied to the practice of waste management in traditional market. This paper is a literature review by examining journals related to waste management and public value. The results of various literature reviews will be used to developing a framework for analyzing public value in waste management in traditional market. This paper focuses on the developing of public values in the waste management in traditional market that could be classified of several aspects which are basic legitimacy and support; operational capabilities and substantial value. The result of paper create a framework to a public value in waste management in traditional market. This framework will make a theoretical contribution to the study of public service management.
Information System Development for The Service Improvement and Its Effectiveness at PUSBIS UINSA
Authors: Millah Aslihatul , Aziz M. Abdul , Saraswati Tsania , Biyanti Pipit Merit , Siraj Taufik
Published: April 2021

Many companies or agencies are aware of the role of information technology as a supporter to achieve their vision, mission, and goals nowadays. In 2013, IAIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya changed its name to UINSA and its financial management system is regulated in BLU. This indicates that UINSA must become a self-supporting college financially and increase its income. Reviewing these phenomena, this research would like to develop an information system/application management information system for the PUSBIS of UINSA which focusing on PUSBIS center, Greensa.in, and public facility. The purpose of this study is to know how to develop the information system and its effectiveness in improving service usage of assets / public facilities in UINSA. For that, this research uses the R&D method. The R & D used in this research is R & D level 4 due to this paper will research and develop new products. The results of this study are the settled information system and its statements that information systems that have been built to improve services in lending/usage of assets in PUSBIS.
Realizing Society 5.0 to Face the Industrial Revolution 4.0 and Teacher Education Curriculum Readiness in Indonesia
Authors: Aprilisa Ema
Published: April 2021

Educational institutions have to aware about digital transformation, which is immediately responded with the concept of Industrial Revolution 4.0 or Industry 4.0 as a national strategic initiative from the German government through their Ministry of Education and Research. Meanwhile, Japan also formulated the concept of Society 5.0 aims to create a human-centric society in the era of technology and also to tackle some of negative aspects comes with the rapid change. Therefore, educational institutions need to check their curriculum to cope up with the transformation. This research is to conduct an analysis of teacher education program’s curriculum, especially Bachelor of Education in Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. The analysis focus on the correlation between Program Learning Outcome (PLO) with the needs of Industrial Revolution 4.0 era and to realize Society 5.0. It is also highlighting the fact that as a future teacher, the college students of the program need some spesific skills. So that one day, they are able to teach with suitable strategy for the era. The results of this study indicate that some PLOs are in accordance with top ten skills demand in 2022 which is considered to be in line with the essential skills to face Industrial Revolution 4.0 and realize Society 5.0. In fact, the top ten skills demand in 2022 is suspected to have been covered by the PLO formula of the curriculum applied by Bachelor of Education in Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. This provides a glimmer of hope for the future of education in Indonesia, but we still emphasizing the need to ensuring every course supports PLO achievement.
The Effect of Magic Book to Increase Interest in Learning Mathematics of Primary School Students
Authors: Maulani MaghfirohIzza , Putri Ashma Nur Hanifah Heninda , Faddliyah  , Muslimah Afifatul , Pangestu Aji
Published: April 2021

Elementary School is a place to understand all learning for the next level, especially mathematics. Mathematics is also considered difficult by elementary school students because of its abstract and complex nature, especially with the large number of mathematical formulas, and its lack of interest in learning. So that student interest in learning is reduced. One interesting way to learn mathematics is by using learning media. This research introduces MagicBook contains a collection of formulas and mathematical games. This Magicbook is arranged in such a way with an attractive layout and color. Sources of data obtained from questionnaires and direct research on elementary school students in one of the lessons in Yogyakarta. The data of this study were analyzed descriptively quantitative and qualitative. The results showed that the magic book learning media can increase elementary school students' mathematics learning interest.the effect.
Analysis Student’s Mathematical Connection Ability of Class XII MIPA SMA N 1 Ngawen on Statistical Material
Authors: Apriliyani Mila Nurul , Kumawati Siti , Oktaviani Utari , Nugroho Heny
Published: April 2021

The material in mathematics relates to each other and also relates to daily life. Likewise with statistics is one of the materials on the subject of mathematics that also has a relationship with other sciences, and has been widely used in daily life. This research explains the ability of the mathematic connections of the grade XII students of MIPA SMA N 1 Ngawen on the statistical material. With the aim to know the student's mathematic connection ability. The methods used are qualitative descriptive with research instruments in the form of tests and interviews. The research subject consists of 10 students with an analysis model on this research based on its mathematical connection indicators. From this research gained ability on the indicator linking between concepts on a mathematical material and indicators linking between mathematical concepts with daily life belonging to the high, and low category for indicators The mathematical concept with other sciences.
Analysis of Learning Obstacles of Junior High School Students on The Topic of Circle
Authors: Ulfa Nadia , Jupri Al , Darhim  , Kartika
Published: April 2021

Geometry is one of the subjects in mathematics school that is important to learn, because through geometry, almost every daily problem can be solved. However, the achievements of Indonesian students in the field of geometry are still relatively low. This study aims to identify the possibility of students' learning obstacles in one area of geometry, which is circle subject. The method used in this study was qualitative research method with survey-based research design, involved 30 eight-grade students from a junior high school in Bandung. The data were collected by triangulation method using an instrument test consisting of tests of students mathematical comprehension ability that is related to circle subject, and the non-test instruments used consist of collection of observations, guidelines for student interviews, and study documents. Results showed that there were identified any types of learning obstacle caused by epistemological obstacle among others (1) learning obstacle related to the concept of sector caused by an error in the perspective of students, (2) learning obstacle related to the form of geometrical representation from the central angle of the circle caused by the student's limited knowledge of the central angle and chord of the circle. In addition, also found types of learning obstacle caused by didactical obstacle, among others (1) learning obstacle related to communication skills in presenting the definition of sector concept caused by not creating discussion and presentation activities when learning takes place, and (2) learning obstacle related the concept of the relationship between the diameter with chord of the circle caused by the presentation of material that is less detailed either provided by the teacher or presented in the source book used.
Partial Least Square Analysis for University Student Satisfaction
Authors: Pangastuti Sinta Septi , Murniati Tri , Sessay Alhassan , Kuswanto Heri
Published: April 2021

A university needs to identify and analyse their students’ satisfaction to be able to compete with others. There are five dimensions to identify students’ satisfaction, such as reliability, assurance, empathy, responsiveness, and tangibles. Related to randomness of the data, primary data collected from stratified sampling tend to violate multivariate normality test. Therefore, partial least square (PLS) might be one alternative solution since it ignores multivariate normal and multicollinearity assumptions. As a result, tangible, assurance and empathy affect student satisfaction and student satisfaction significantly affect student achievement. Therefore, we recommend to university to improve service quality especially on tangible, assurance and empathy aspect to improve student satisfaction and student achievement.
Air and Seawater Quality Assessment Around Selected Area in Panjang Port Lampung Region
Authors: Salim Agus , Ningsih Nunung Isnaini Dwi , Sulaiman Albertus
Published: April 2021

The port area is a diverse business district, both industry and other activities. Even though it is positioned far from residential areas, the impact of its activities indirectly still reaches the surrounding community. The environmental conditions of the port area need to be controlled routinely so that their management does not violate applicable regulations. Environmental management is needed so that risks arising from all activities can be controlled. Panjang Port as one of the well-developed fuel storage terminals as part of the Pelindo II region. This study has been designed to assess air quality and seawater quality around Panjang Port, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia. Several air quality parameters and marine water quality parameters were monitored from 2011 to 2013. The air quality sampling conducted in the fuel storage tank area and chemicals as well as supporting facilities. The air quality parameters are SO2, NO2, O3, CO, H2S, and dust. The results of data analysis showed several air quality parameters such as SO2, NO2, O3, dust, H2S, and NH3 are below the threshold of minimum quality standard. Only the CO parameter tends to increase semester to semester. The seawater quality parameters include physical, chemical, and biological quality. Almost the physical quality parameters are below the quality standard, thus the chemical quality too, except the pH and TSS tends to higher than a quality standard. In general, these studies on air quality and seawater quality at the Panjang Port have been carried out well and the results show that the environmental conditions for the Panjang Port area are still quite good, only it is recommended to add a green area around the site.
Simulation-Based Optimization of Hybrid Renewable Energy System for Off-grid Rural Electrification
Authors: Oladeji Akinola Sunday , Akorede Mudathir Funsho , Aliyu Salihu , Mohammed Abdulrasaq Apalando , Salami Adebayo Wahab
Published: April 2021

There is a need to develop an optimization tool that can be applied in the feasibility study of a hybrid renewable energy system to find the optimal capacity of different renewable energy resources and support the decision makers in their performance investigation. A multi-objective function which minimizes the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) and Loss of Load Probability Index (LLPI) but maximizes the novel Energy Match Ratio (EMR) was formulated. Simulation-based optimization method combined with ε-constraint technique was developed to solve the multi-objective optimization problem. In the study, ten-year hourly electrical load demand, using the end-use model, is estimated for the communities. The performance of the developed algorithm was evaluated and validated using Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewables (HOMER®) optimization software. The developed algorithm minimized the LCOE by 6.27% and LLPI by 167% when compared with the values of LCOE ($0.444/kWh) and LLPI (0.000880) obtained from the HOMER® optimization tool. Also, the LCOE with the proposed approach was calculated at $0.417/kWh, which is lower than the $0.444/kWh obtained from HOMER®. From environmental perspective, it is found that while 141,370.66 kg of CO2 is saved in the base year, 183,206.51 kg of CO2 is saved in the ninth year.The study concluded that the approach is computationally efficient and performed better than HOMER® for this particular problem.The proposed approach could be adopted for carrying out feasibility studies and design of HRES for Off-Grid electrification, especially in the rural areas where access to the grid electricity is limited
Exnominated Anti-Semitism? Reframing the Paranoid Hate-speech of Spanish National-populism
Authors: Rivas Venegas Miguel
Published: April 2021

The aim of this publication is to critically rethink Manfred Böcker’s classic notion of “Antisemitismus ohne Juden” (Böcker, M. 2000.Antisemitismus ohne Juden: Die zweite Republik, die antirepublikanische Rechte und die Juden. Spanien 1931 bis 1936. Berlin: Peter Lang) and to translate it within the contemporary context of the SpanishNationalpopulismus(Hirschmann, K. 2017.Der Aufstieg des Nationalpopulismus. Wie westliche Gesellschaften polarisiert werden. Bonn: Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung; Wilp, M. 2019. “Konfrontation statt Konsens: Der Aufschwung des Nationalpopulismus in den Niederlanden: Die politische Auseinandersetzung um Migration und Integration.” InRechtspopulismus in Einwanderungsgesellschaften, edited by H. U. Brinkmann, and I. Panreck, 187–215. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften) represented by the radical party Vox España. The existence of a formula of “Anti-Semitism without Jews and without Anti-Semites” (Botsch, G., and C. Kopke. 2016. “Antisemitismus ohne Antisemiten?” InWut, Verachtung, Abwertung Rechtspopulismus in Deutschland, edited by R. Melzer, D. Molthagen, A. Zick, and B. Küpper, 178–194. Berlin: Friedrich Ebert Stiftung; Wodak, R. 2018. “The Radical Right and Antisemitism.” InThe Oxford Handbook of the Radical Right, edited by J. Rydgren, 1–33. Oxford: Oxford Handbooks Online) seems to acquire corporeity in the “Civil-War-like” lexical arsenals (Rivas Venegas, M. 2018.Propaganda activities of Willi Münzenberg in Support of the Spanish Republic during the Spanish Civil War. An Approximation to His Visual and Rhetorical Communication Strategies. Berlin: Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung / Münzenberg Forum, 2019) of a party acutely connected to its Francoist past and to the paranoia of the “Francmason-Jewish-Bolshevist” conspiracy. This article aims to offer new perspectives on the study of national-populism via the parallel analysis of its “lexical arsenals” and visual-performative dispositives, what we here and in further publications identify as themessa in scena populista. It aims to fulfill the complex task of identifying the latent or indirect traces of Anti-Semitism in a party that chose the Muslim community as its preferred and most visible scapegoat, applied the tested political formula of the transnationalnouvelle droite, yet never fully abandoned certain aspects of the Francoist and Spanish fascist worldview.
¿Debemos adaptarnos los laboratorios clínicos a la realidad del paciente con enfermedad renal crónica en la cuantificación de la hormona paratiroidea?
Authors: González-Casaus María Luisa , Fernández-Calle Pilar , Buño Soto Antonio
Published: April 2021

Introducción

La aportación del Laboratorio Clínico en el ámbito diagnóstico es cada día mas importante porque gran parte de las decisiones clínicas que se adoptan se basan en nuestros resultados.

Contenido

La cuantificación en sangre de hormona paratiroidea (PTH) presenta una importante variabilidad analítica debido a la heterogeneidad de sus formas circulantes y a la configuración antigénica de los diferentes métodos disponibles. Esta circunstancia puede tener impacto en aquellas situaciones patológicas que cursan con valores circulantes de PTH excesivamente elevados, como sucede en la enfermedad renal crónica (ERC).

A pesar de la identificación de otras moléculas involucradas en las alteraciones óseas y minerales asociadas a la ERC, como el klotho o el factor fibroblástico 23, los nefrólogos siguen basando sus decisiones terapéuticas en la PTH; el problema es que, el desconocimiento de estos aspectos analíticos en su cuantificación, puede inducir a errores en la interpretación clínica de sus resultados.

Perspectiva

Esta revisión aborda estas consideraciones desde el Laboratorio Clínico y plantea posibles estrategias futuras, que afectan tanto a la elección del método como a la expresión de los resultados de PTH, con la finalidad de acercarnos más a la realidad del paciente renal, en colaboración con el nefrólogo.
Western North American Monarchs: Spiraling into Oblivion or Adapting to a Changing Environment?
Authors: James David G
Published: April 2021

Monarch butterflies in western North America typically migrate each fall from the Pacific Northwest to overwintering sites in California. Winter 2020/21 saw the lowest number of overwintering western monarch butterflies ever recorded, but was also marked by a winter-breeding population in the San Francisco bay area that appeared to be the largest ever seen. Recoveries of monarchs with wing tags from the Pacific Northwest suggested that many non-reproductive migrants in fall 2020 became reproductive in the San Francisco bay area and did not reach coastal overwintering sites. Mean daily maximum temperatures for San Francisco during fall and winter increased by ~1 °C during the past decade and were 2.5 °C above the 30 year mean during September-October 2020. Warm fall and winter temperatures along with the availability of non-native milkweeds likely caused the increase in winter breeding in winter 2020/21. The outcome of continued winter-breeding in the San Francisco bay area is uncertain. Whether it becomes a sink or source will be dependent on whether winter-breeding monarchs can re-enter their migratory state during spring. However, endemic levels of infection by the protozoan parasite,Ophryocystis elektroscirrha(OE), are often high in winter-breeding monarchs which can limit migration success. The eventual co-existence of winter-breeding and non-breeding monarch populations in northern and central California is probable, with an optimistic view suggesting that the adaptability of the monarch butterfly will allow it to persist in a changed environment.
Einsatzstelle Bibliothek
Authors: Krohn Maud , Schütze Anja
Published: April 2021

Die Bundesvereinigung Kulturelle Kinder- und Jugendbildung (BKJ) bietet jährlich 2 500 Freiwilligen einen Einsatzplatz in den Freiwilligendiensten Kultur und Bildung. Die BKJ arbeitet dafür mit Organisationen der Kultur und Bildungsarbeit, darunter 180 Bibliotheken, in ganz Deutschland zusammen. Zentrale Prinzipien der Freiwilligendienste, wie die Schaffung inklusiver Zugänge sowie die Orientierung an den Interessen der Freiwilligen, werden vorgestellt und die Bedeutung der Einsatzstellen- und Trägerarbeit auf der Basis empirischer Daten verdeutlicht.
Freiwillig tätig, aber vertraglich gebunden: Rechtsbeziehungen bei ehrenamtlichen Tätigkeiten in Bibliotheken
Authors: Verch Ulrike
Published: April 2021

Ehrenamtliche Tätigkeiten in Bibliotheken bedürfen einer vertraglichen Regelung und werden im Regelfall als Auftragsverhältnis nach dem Bürgerlichen Gesetzbuch ausgestaltet. Der Beitrag erläutert die rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen für das ehrenamtliche Engagement in Bibliotheken und setzt den Fokus auf die vertragliche Gestaltung der Tätigkeitsvereinbarung und stellt die Unterschiede zum Arbeitsvertrag dar.
Gebautes Gemeinwohl?
Authors: Kaltenbrunner Robert
Published: April 2021

Welche Parallelen und Analogien bestehen zwischen den Sphären Stadtentwicklung und Bibliotheken? Als zentraler Bezugspunkt zur Beantwortung dieser Frage dient der Begriff des „öffentlichen Raums“. Der Autor untersucht Verbindungslinien, Ähnlichkeiten und wechselseitige Effekte und nähert sich dem Thema in sechs Thesen, die auf Entwicklungstendenzen im öffentlichen Raum fokussieren, aber jeweils einen Bezug zum Bereich der Bibliotheken herstellen.
Das Ehrenamt macht Bibliotheken reicher
Authors: Flemming Arend , Lippmann Christine
Published: April 2021

Ausgehend von den langjährigen Erfahrungen der Städtischen Bibliotheken Dresden im Bereich Ehrenamt erläutern die Autoren die Bedingungen, unter denen Ehrenamt sowohl für die Einrichtung als auch für die Ehrenamtlichen selbst bereichernd ist. Nach einem kurzen historischen Abriss zum Ehrenamt in Dresden und Überlegungen zur Bedeutung von strategischen Partnern werden anschließend vier erfolgreiche Projekte vorgestellt, die nur durch die Unterstützung Ehrenamtlicher realisiert wurden und werden.
Analytical and clinical performances of a SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD IgG assay: comparison with neutralization titers
Authors: Padoan Andrea , Bonfante Francesco , Cosma Chiara , Di Chiara Costanza , Sciacovelli Laura , Pagliari Matteo , Bortolami Alessio , Costenaro Paola , Musso Giulia , Basso Daniela , Giaquinto Carlo , Plebani Mario
Published: April 2021

Objectives

SARS-CoV-2 serology presents an important role in several aspects of COVID-19 pandemic. Immunoassays performances have to be accurately evaluated and correlated with neutralizing antibodies. We investigated the analytical and clinical performances of a SARS-CoV-2 RBD IgG assay, automated on a high throughput platform, and the correlation of the antibodies (Ab) levels with the plaque reduction neutralization (PRNT50) Ab titers.

Methods

A series of 546 samples were evaluated by SARS-CoV-2 RBD IgG assay (Snibe diagnostics), including 171 negative and 168 positive SARS-CoV-2 subjects and a further group of 207 subjects of the COVID-19 family clusters follow-up cohort.

Results

Assay imprecision ranged from 3.98 to 12.18% being satisfactory at low and medium levels; linearity was excellent in all the measurement range. Considering specimens collected after 14 days post symptoms onset, overall sensitivity and specificity were 99.0 and 92.5%, respectively. A total of 281 leftover samples results of the PRNT50 test were available. An elevated correlation was obtained between the SARS-CoV-2 RBD IgG assay and the PRNT50 titer at univariate (ρ=0.689) and multivariate (ρ=0.712) analyses.

Conclusions

SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD IgG assay shows satisfactory analytical and clinical performances, and a strong correlation with sera neutralizing activity.
The relevance of causation in robotics: A review, categorization, and analysis
Authors: Hellström Thomas
Published: April 2021

In this article, we investigate the role of causal reasoning in robotics research. Inspired by a categorization of human causal cognition, we propose a categorization of robot causal cognition. For each category, we identify related earlier work in robotics and also connect to research in other sciences. While the proposed categories mainly cover the sense–plan–act level of robotics, we also identify a number of higher-level aspects and areas of robotics research where causation plays an important role, for example, understandability, machine ethics, and robotics research methodology. Overall, we conclude that causation underlies several problem formulations in robotics, but it is still surprisingly absent in published research, in particular when it comes to explicit mentioning and using of causal concepts and terms. We discuss the reasons for, and consequences of, this and hope that this article clarifies the broad and deep connections between causal reasoning and robotics and also by pointing at the close connections to other research areas. At best, this will also contribute to a “causal revolution” in robotics.
Passe-partout-Komposita im gesprochenen Deutsch
Authors: Stumpf Sören
Published: April 2021

This paper proposes an analysis of German passe-partout compounds likeStraßending(streetthing) andBananendinger(banana things) as morphological constructions. The study shows that these constructions are characteristic of spoken language and must therefore be considered with respect to the particular properties of that genre. Based on the findings about the pragmatically driven word formation an argument is made for a Construction Morphology that is based on usage and speaker interaction. This proposal can be seen as an extension of the current theory of Construction Morphology (Booij 2010). The notion of pragmatically driven word formation is illustrated by a case study of the [X-Ding]Nconstruction in spoken German. It will be shown that partially filled constructions withDingas a determinatum have specific semantic and functional-pragmatic properties and are part of a complex family of passe-partout constructions.
Sector Turístico: Comunicación e Innovación Sostenible
Authors: Barrientos-Báez Almudena , Caldevilla-Domínguez David , Cáceres Vizcaíno Andrea , Sueia Val Ema Gloria
Published: April 2021

El presente artículo se desarrolla a partir de la premisa de analizar los medios y herramientas implementadas en España para la mejora y acondicionamiento del sector turístico respecto a la sostenibilidad. Se analizan las razones que han llevado al segmento de la hotelería a implementar medidas de cambio para la conservación del entorno y del patrimonio cultural español. Se pretende a su vez analizar las acciones llevadas a cabo en territorio europeo y nacional.
Additive effect of low skeletal muscle mass and abdominal obesity on coronary artery calcification
Authors: Jun Ji Eun , Kang Mira , Jin Sang-Man , Kim Kyunga , Hwang You-Cheol , Jeong In-Kyung , Kim Jae Hyeon
Published: April 2021

Objective

We aimed to investigate the interaction of reduced skeletal muscle mass and abdominal obesity on coronary artery calcification (CAC).

Design and methods

A total of 19 728 adults free of cardiovascular disease (CVD) who contemporaneously underwent cardiac tomography and bioelectrical impedance analysis were enrolled in a cross-sectional and longitudinal cohort. Skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) was calculated using the following formula: SMI (%) = total appendicular muscle mass (kg)/body weight (kg) × 100 according to sex. CAC presence or incidence was defined as CAC score > 0, and CAC progression was defined as √CAC score (follow-up) – √CAC score (baseline)>2.5. Pre-sarcopenia was defined as SMI ≤ −1.0 s.d. of the sex-specific mean of a young reference group. Abdominal obesity was defined as waist circumference ≥ 90 cm for men and ≥85 cm for women. All individuals were further classified into four groups: normal, abdominal obesity alone, pre-sarcopenia alone, and pre-sarcopenic obesity.

Results

Individuals with pre-sarcopenic obesity showed the highest adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for CAC presence (AOR 2.16, 95% CI : 1.98–2.36, P < 0.001) as well as total CAC incidence and progression (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.37–1.75, P < 0.001), compared with normal individuals. Pre-sarcopenic obesity significantly increased CAC incidence and progression compared to either pre-sarcopenia or abdominal obesity alone.

Conclusion

Pre-sarcopenia and abdominal obesity together were significantly associated with a higher CAC presence and increased risk of CAC incidence and progression, independent of traditional CVD risk factors.
Genome-wide association and transcriptome analysis suggests total serum ghrelin to be linked with GFRAL
Authors: Wittekind Dirk Alexander , Scholz Markus , Kratzsch Jürgen , Löffler Markus , Horn Katrin , Kirsten Holger , Witte Veronica , Villringer Arno , Kluge Michael
Published: April 2021

Objective

Ghrelin is an orexigenic peptide hormone involved in the regulation of energy homeostasis, food intake and glucose metabolism. Serum levels increase anticipating a meal and fall afterwards. Underlying genetic mechanisms of the ghrelin secretion are unknown.

Methods

Total serum ghrelin was measured in 1501 subjects selected from the population-based LIFE-ADULT-sample after an overnight fast. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed. Gene-based expression association analyses (transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS)) are statistical tests associating genetically predicted expression to a certain trait and were done using MetaXcan.

Results

In the GWAS, three loci reached genome-wide significance: the WW-domain containing the oxidoreductase-gene (WWOX; P = 1.80E-10) on chromosome 16q23.3-24.1 (SNP: rs76823993); the contactin-associated protein-like 2 gene (CNTNAP2; P = 9.0E-9) on chromosome 7q35-q36 (SNP: rs192092592) and the ghrelin And obestatin prepropeptide gene (GHRL; P = 2.72E-8) on chromosome 3p25.3 (SNP: rs143729751). In the TWAS, the three genes where the expression was strongest associated with serum ghrelin levels was the ribosomal protein L36 (RPL36; P = 1.3E-06, FDR = 0.011, positively correlated), AP1B1 (P = 1.1E-5, FDR = 0.048, negatively correlated) and the GDNF family receptor alpha like (GFRAL), receptor of the anorexigenic growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF15), (P = 1.8E-05, FDR = 0.15, also negatively correlated).

Conclusions

The three genome-wide significant genetic loci from the GWA and the genes identified in the TWA are functionally plausible and should initiate further research.
MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Paracrine and endocrine control of the growth hormone axis by estrogen
Authors: Birzniece Vita , Ho Ken K Y
Published: April 2021

There is a strong biological link between the growth hormone (GH) and gonadal systems in growth, development and metabolism; however, regulatory interactions are poorly understood. Advances in estrogen biology and endocrine physiology have provided insights into mechanistic links between the two systems. Estrogens are synthesized from androgens by aromatase which is widely distributed in extragonadal tissues. Local generation of estrogens raise the possibility of paracrine control as an additional level to classical endocrine regulation of the GH system. To explore the mechanistic links, we review the pharmacology of estrogen, the effects of estrogen replacement, antagonism, and the impact of aromatase inhibition on the GH system as well as the metabolic sequelae. In men, estrogens derived from androgens drive the central secretion of GH, independent of the androgen receptor. In hypogonadal women, physiological replacement via a parenteral route evokes no effect while estrogen receptor antagonism and estrogen deprivation induce disparate effects, providing no consistent evidence that estrogens regulate the central secretion of GH via paracrine or endocrine mechanisms. However, delivery of estrogen by the oral route inhibits hepatic IGF-1 production, in turn increasing GH secretion via reduced feedback inhibition. This endocrine route-dependent effect of oral estrogen compounds on hepatic function induces detrimental metabolic effects on hypogonadal women. In conclusion, estrogens regulate the secretion and action of GH via complex paracrine and endocrine interactions and impart metabolic effects in a route- and gender-dependent manner. The metabolic sequelae of compounds mimicking, antagonizing, or depleting estrogens, should be considered in tailoring and optimizing their use.
Remodelling of colorectal cancer cell signaling by microbiota and immunity in diabetes
Authors: Gutiérrez-Salmerón María , Lucena Silvia Rocío Rocío , Chocarro-Calvo Ana , Garcia-Martinez Jose Manuel , Martín Orozco Rosa M , García-Jiménez Custodia
Published: April 2021

Obesity is the strongest known risk factor to develop Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and both share a state of chronic, diffuse and low-grade inflammation, impaired immune responses and alterations in the composition and function of the microbiome. Notably, these hallmarks are shared with colorectal cancer (CRC), which is epidemiologically associated to obesity and T2D. Gut barrier damages in T2D, destabilize the microbiome that metabolizes the diet and modulates the host immune response triggering inflammatory and proliferative pathways. In this review, we discuss the pathways altered by defects in the immune response and microbiota that may link T2D to CRC development. Stressed adipocytes, metabolic incongruity in blood and gut barrier failure with dysbiosis cooperate to establish imbalances between immune innate and adaptive cells and cytokines such as interleukin 6 (IL-6) or tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) that define low-grade diffuse inflammation in T2D. Inflammation drives tissue repair through proliferation and migration (critical mechanisms for tumourigenesis) and under physiological conditions feeds anti-inflammatory cytokine production to resolve the process. The disproportion in pro- versus anti-inflammatory cells and cytokines imposed by T2D will impact the tumour micro- and macro-environment, favouring tumour proliferation, angiogenesis and decreased immune responses. Complex bidirectional relationships between the metabolic environment of T2D, gut microbiota, and immune dysfunctions may favour tumour cell demands and will define the outcome. Animal models developed to study the relationships between T2D and CRC in the context of microbiota and immune system are discussed.
TV Media Change in the Aspect of Remediation Theory
Authors: Pečiulis Žygintas
Published: April 2021

The emergence of TV in the first half of the 20th century became one of the media for mass audiovisual communication, technologically extending the tradition of electric telegraph and radio. Initially, TV was considered a media for transmitting current  processes. With the introduction of video technology in the 1960s, TV began to capture live content and re-display videos. TV content production technologies have been radically changed by video editing, which has brought TV closer to the cinema. Technological changes in the analog era have had a greater impact on content production processes, and the digital era  sparked a revolution in content consumption. Technological changes in the pre-digital and digital era can be seen as progress, but at the same time raises the question of media perception, even survival, as the technologies of production and distribution of TV content and audience behavior change from time to time.
Presymptomatic Detection and Intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: MacDuffie Katherine E. , Estes Annette M. , Harrington Lucas T. , Peay Holly L. , Piven Joseph , Pruett John R. , Wolff Jason J. , Wilfond Benjamin S.
Published: April 2021

Universal screening for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is recommended during pediatric primary care visits in the first 2 years of life. However, many children are missed by initial screening and not diagnosed with ASD until years later. Research efforts are underway to develop and evaluate new objective measures of risk for ASD that can be used in infancy, before symptoms emerge. Initial studies with these tests, particularly MRI-based screening for infants at high familial risk, have shown promise but have not yet been evaluated in clinical trials. We present the study design for a hypothetical clinical trial that would combine presymptomatic detection and intervention for ASD and consider, through commentaries from diverse perspectives, the ethical issues that should be anticipated in advance of beginning such trials. Commentators Drs Pruett and Piven address the social value of the proposed research and importance of researcher-bioethicist collaborations. Drs Estes and Wolff discuss the clinical potential and challenges of developing presymptomatic interventions for infants at risk for ASD. Dr Harrington takes a neurodiversity view of presymptomatic prediction and intervention and their implications for autistic identity and quality of life. Finally, Drs MacDuffie, Peay and Wilfond consider the potential risks and benefits that must be evaluated and weighed in the next phases of research on presymptomatic detection and intervention for ASD.
Heroism, Resistance, and Sentiment: Two Events Full of Beethovenian Drama
Authors: Charkiolakis Alexandros
Published: April 2021

Beethoven’s music has set the tone during different and diverse events in human history. It has been used in order to pinpoint major historical events, but it has been also used in order to represent ideas such as friendship of nations, freedom, and many others. There are two events though when the music of Beet­ ho ven has meant more than a fine and glorious tune for the Athenian public. These two events occurred under totally different circumstances, with the first being an incident involving a Fidelio performance during World War II in occupied Athens, and the second having to do with the death of the legendary conductor Dimitri Mitropoulos and his urn containing his ashes arriving in Athens. Although the two incidents are historically unconnected, they are very much underlined by the Beethovenian values rep­ resented within the actual score. In this study, I will present the historical framework of both events but also taking a step further will dare to connect these with values that have been attributed to Beethoven’s music in terms of fundamental representation.
Beethoven “in drei Charakterbildern:” Three Beethoven Images from the Interwar Hungary
Authors: Bozó Péter
Published: April 2021

In my study, I show how three different figures of the interwar Hungary saw Beethoven. The first of them, Dénes Bartha (1908–1993), was a musicologist and became an international specialist of Viennese Classicism. In the context of contemporary Hungarian literature, his first Beethoven monograph (1939) represents an emphatically anti-Romantic attitude. In the second part, I examine the popular image of the composer, on the basis of the planned operetta Beethoven (1929–1931) by Zsolt Harsányi, an author of popular biographical novels, and Mihály Nádor (1882–1944), a successful operetta composer. This piece follows the example of Das Dreimäderlhaus, and its music was compiled from Beethoven’s melodies by Nádor. In the third part I examine an essay about Beethoven by an important musician of the period, Ernst von Dohnányi (1877–1960), who was, according to Bartók, a leading Beethoven performer of his age. Although the text of his “Romanticism in Beethoven’s Piano Sonatas” was written during his émigré years (draft: 1948, revision: 1955), it summarizes well what the leading figure of the interwar Budapest musical life might have thought about Beethoven’s music.