bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lucrècia Borja. L'alteració d’una identitat i l’errònia atribució de la pintura de Flora de Bartolomeo Veneto
Authors: Vico Alexandre
Published: December 2017

Resum: Aquest treball pretén emfatitzar l’errònia identitat que ha arribat fins als nostres dies de Lucrècia Borja i l’equivocada atribució que se n’ha fet d’alguns retrats. Com ara, la pintura de Flora (c.1520), pintada per Bartolomeo Veneto, que ha passat a la història com una indissoluble identificació de Lucrècia. Els estudis actuals han demostrat que representa un model ideal influït pel context literari probablement relacionat amb Pietro Bembo. Durant el Renaixement, els retrats representen molt més que una identitat concreta i mimètica. Són suports de prestigi i transmissió ideològica, de virtuts morals, memòria, etc. En l’àmbit artístic venecià de principis del segle XVI sorgeixen múltiples retrats femenins de difícil identificació que la crítica freqüentment ha relacionat amb cortesanes, amants, dones. Moltes, però, representen ideals poètics a través dels quals la pintura demostra la seva capacitat de rivalitzar amb la poesia quant a demostració de l’ideal estètic de la bellesa. Aquest breu treball pretén examinar les successives interpretacions historiogràfiques que erròniament han identificat la pintura de Flora amb Lucrecia Borja a causa del valor eròtic pejorativament relacionat amb ella, però també vol posar èmfasi en les altres propostes que han permès que l’obra sigui interpretada amb l’exegesi més adequada.   Paraules clau: Lucrècia Borja, Pol Coronado, Retrat, Bartolomeo Veneto, Flora Abstract: This study intended to emphasize the identity has been wrong that has reached our days of Lucrezia Borgia and the wrong attribution has been made of some pictures. One of the most paradigmatic paintings is Flora (c.1520), painted by artist Bartolomeo Veneto. This work has gone down in history as one indissoluble portrait of Lucrezia, but recent studies have shown represents an ideal model influenced by the literary context probably related to Pietro Bembo. During the Renaissance, portraits represent much more than a specific and mimetic identity. They are supports of prestige and ideological transmission, of moral virtues, memory, etc. In the Venetian art scene of the early sixteenth century, multiple female portraits often difficult to identify that criticism have related courtesans, mistresses, wives. Many of these paintings also represent poetic ideals through which painting demonstrate its ability to compete with poetry in terms of demonstrating the aesthetic ideal of beauty. This short paper aims to examine the successive historiographical interpretations erroneously identified the painting of Flora with Lucrezia Borgia due to the erotic value related to her pejoratively, but also wants to highlight other proposals that have allowed the work to be performed with the most appropriate exegesis. Keywords: Lucrezia Borgia, Pol Coronado, Portrait, Bartolomeo Veneto, Flora
Ressenya a Ausiàs March, Dictats. Obra completa, edición de Robert Archer,... Madrid, Cátedra, 2017
Authors: Compagna Anna Maria
Published: December 2017

Ressenya a Ausiàs March, Dictats. Obra completa, edición de Robert Archer, traducciones de Marion Coderch y José María Micó, Madrid, con la colaboración de Vicent Martines, Elena Sánchez, Mª Àngels Fuster i Jordi Antolí. Madrid, Ediciones Cátedra, 2017, 1144 pp. ISBN: 978-84-376-3716-7. eBook: ISBN: 978-84-376-3717-4 Review to Ausiàs March, Dictats. Obra completa, edición de Robert Archer, traducciones de Marion Coderch y José María Micó, Madrid, con la colaboración de Vicent Martines, Elena Sánchez, Mª Àngels Fuster i Jordi Antolí. Madrid, Ediciones Cátedra, 2017, 1144 pp. ISBN: 978-84-376-3716-7. eBook: ISBN: 978-84-376-3717-4
Ressenya a Gironés Sarrió, Ignasi & Guerola Blay, Vicent La taulelleria valenciana dels segles XVII, XVIII i XIX a la col·lecció de la Fundació La Fontana, Barcelona / València: Fundació La Fontana / Institució Alfons el Magnànim, 2016.
Authors: Coll Conesa Jaume
Published: December 2017

Ressenya a Gironés Sarrió, Ignasi & Guerola Blay, Vicent La taulelleria valenciana dels segles XVII, XVIII i XIX a la col·lecció de la Fundació La Fontana, Barcelona / València: Fundació La Fontana / Institució Alfons el Magnànim, 2016, 441 pp. + 575 fot. color + 63 fot. b/n. ISBN: 978-84-7822-700-6 Review to Gironés Sarrió, Ignasi & Guerola Blay, Vicent La taulelleria valenciana dels segles XVII, XVIII i XIX a la col·lecció de la Fundació La Fontana, Barcelona / València: Fundació La Fontana / Institució Alfons el MAgnànim, 2016, 441 pp. + 575 colour phot. + 63 B/W phot. ISBN: 978-84-7822-700-6
Presentació Scripta 9
Authors: Escartí Soriano Vicent Josep
Published: December 2017

Presentació Scripta 9
A more intuitive interpretation of the area under the ROC curve
Authors: Janssens A. Cecile J.W.
Published: December 2017

The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) is commonly used for assessing the discriminative ability of prediction models even though the measure is criticized for being clinically irrelevant and lacking an intuitive interpretation. Most of the criticism is traced back to the fact that the ROC curve was introduced as the discriminative ability of a binary classifier across all its possible thresholds. Yet, this is not the curve’s only interpretation. Every tutorial explains how the coordinates of the ROC curve are obtained from the risk distributions of diseased and non-diseased individuals, but it has not become common sense that the ROC plot is another way of presenting these risk distributions. This alternative perspective on the ROC plot invalidates most limitations of the AUC and attributes others to the underlying risk distributions. The separation of these distributions, represented by the area between the curves (AUC), is a more straightforward and intuitive measure of the inference of the discriminative ability of prediction models.
Free-living human cells reconfigure their chromosomes in the evolution back to uni-cellularity
Authors: Xu Jin , Peng Xinxin , Chen Yuxin , Zhang Yuezheng , Ma Qin , Liang Liang , Carter Ava C , Lu Xuemei , Wu Chung-I
Published: December 2017

Cells of multi-cellular organisms evolve toward uni-cellularity in the form of cancer and, if humans intervene, continue to evolve in cell culture. During this process, gene dosage relationships may evolve in novel ways to cope with the new environment and may regress back to the ancestral uni-cellular state. In this context, the evolution of sex chromosomes vis-a-vis autosomes is of particular interest. Here, we report the chromosomal evolution in ~ 600 cancer cell lines. Many of them jettisoned either Y or the inactive X; thus, free-living male and female cells converge by becoming ‘de-sexualized’. Surprisingly, the active X often doubled, accompanied by the addition of one haploid complement of autosomes, leading to an X:A ratio of 2:3 from the extant ratio of 1:2. Theoretical modeling of the frequency distribution of X:A karyotypes suggests that the 2:3 ratio confers a higher fitness and may reflect aspects of sex chromosome evolution.
Osteocalcin expressing cells from tendon sheaths in mice contribute to tendon repair by activating Hedgehog signaling
Authors: Wang Yi , Zhang Xu , Huang Huihui , Xia Yin , Yao YiFei , Mak Arthur Fuk-Tat , Yung Patrick Shu-Hang , Chan Kai-Ming , Wang Li , Zhang Chenglin , Huang Yu , Mak Kingston King-Lun
Published: December 2017

Both extrinsic and intrinsic tissues contribute to tendon repair, but the origin and molecular functions of extrinsic tissues in tendon repair are not fully understood. Here we show that tendon sheath cells harbor stem/progenitor cell properties and contribute to tendon repair by activating Hedgehog signaling. We found that Osteocalcin (Bglap) can be used as an adult tendon-sheath-specific marker in mice. Lineage tracing experiments show that Bglap-expressing cells in adult sheath tissues possess clonogenic and multipotent properties comparable to those of stem/progenitor cells isolated from tendon fibers. Transplantation of sheath tissues improves tendon repair. Mechanistically, Hh signaling in sheath tissues is necessary and sufficient to promote the proliferation of Mkx-expressing cells in sheath tissues, and its action is mediated through TGFβ/Smad3 signaling. Furthermore, co-localization of GLI1+ and MKX+ cells is also found in human tendinopathy specimens. Our work reveals the molecular function of Hh signaling in extrinsic sheath tissues for tendon repair.
Human subthalamic nucleus activity during non-motor decision making
Authors: Zavala Baltazar A , Jang Anthony I , Zaghloul Kareem A
Published: December 2017

Recent studies have implicated the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in decisions that involve inhibiting movements. Many of the decisions that we make in our daily lives, however, do not involve any motor actions. We studied non-motor decision making by recording intraoperative STN and prefrontal cortex (PFC) electrophysiology as participants perform a novel task that required them to decide whether to encode items into working memory. During all encoding trials, beta band (15–30 Hz) activity decreased in the STN and PFC, and this decrease was progressively enhanced as more items were stored into working memory. Crucially, the STN and lateral PFC beta decrease was significantly attenuated during the trials in which participants were instructed not to encode the presented stimulus. These changes were associated with increase lateral PFC-STN coherence and altered STN neuronal spiking. Our results shed light on why states of altered basal ganglia activity disrupt both motor function and cognition.
LA INTERPRETACIÓN DEL DERECHO FUNDAMENTAL A LA LIBERTAD RELIGIOSA Y SUS DERECHOS CONEXOS, REALIZADA POR EL TRIBUNAL CONSTITUCIONAL PERUANO
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (Perú), Palomino Manchego José Felix , Paiva Goyburu Dante Martín ,   Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (Perú)
Published: December 2017

En el presente artículo se hace una síntesis de los más importantes criterios que ha desarrollado el Tribunal Constitucional peruano a partir de las sentencias emitidas sobre las demandas interpuestas que tenían como pretensión la defensa del derecho fundamental a la libertad religiosa. De acuerdo a lo establecido en la Constitución Política de 1993, al Tribunal Constitucional le corresponde el rol de supremo intérprete, así como el control de la constitucionalidad de las normas; es por eso que sus fallos contienen criterios que inspiran a todo el ordenamiento jurídico, en lo que corresponde a la aplicación de las leyes. Como consecuencia de unas diez demandas, entre procesos constitucionales de hábeas corpus, amparo y hábeas data, el Tribunal Constitucional ha expuesto criterios propicios sobre la libertad religiosa, vinculados a la asistencia religiosa en el ámbito penitenciario, el tratamiento en las evaluaciones de admisión a las universidades, la libertad de culto y el uso de los símbolos religiosos en las actividades públicas, entre otros.
LA SUPREMA CORTE DE JUSTICIA DE LA NACIÓN EN MÉXICO Y SU DEFERENCIA PARA INTERACTUAR CON LOS PODERES EJECUTIVO Y LEGISLATIVO EN EL ESTABLECIMIENTO DE POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS EN MATERIA DE LIBERTAD RELIGIOSA Y ENTIDADES RELIGIOSAS
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua (México), Cobos Campos Amalia Patricia
Published: December 2017

El presente trabajo de corte teórico conceptual, parte del cuestionamiento hacia la Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación en México en cuánto a ¿Cómo y con qué nivel de deferencia interactúa en relación con los poderes Legislativo y Ejecutivo en la creación de políticas públicas que inciden en la libertad religiosa y las entidades religiosas? para responderla nos centramos como punto de partida en la construcción conceptual de la deferencia, para de ahí continuar con la definición de las políticas públicas, analizando la vasta doctrina existente en este sentido y una vez edificado el marco conceptual, nos enfocamos al análisis de la existencia de esta deferencia en resoluciones que inciden en las políticas públicas vigentes y determinamos el nivel de interrelación que existe para favorecer tal construcción todo ello centrado en la libertad religiosa y las entidades de la misma índole. La hipótesis del presente trabajo la constituye el hecho de que el nivel de deferencia y los mecanismos utilizados por nuestro máximo tribunal resultan aún insuficientes para fortalecer la tutela de los derechos en estudio. La metodología jurídica adoptada toma como base a la hermenéutica y epistemología como herramientas básicas y la técnica principal es el análisis de información para soportar con criterios doctrinales y tesis jurisprudenciales las conclusiones expresadas
MULTICULTURALIDAD Y SÍMBOLOGÍA RELIGIOSA DINÁMICA EN ESPAÑA Y LATINOAMERICA
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (España), Martín Sánchez Isidoro
Published: December 2017

Este trabajo trata del derecho a llevar símbolos religiosos. Para lograr este objetivo, se analiza, en primer lugar, el significado de los símbolos religiosos distinguiendo los diferentes espacios públicos donde las personas los portan. En segundo lugar, el trabajo examina el margen de apreciación que tienen los Estados miembros del Consejo de Europa y lo compara con el control de convencionalidad de la jurisprudencia de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos. En tercer lugar, estudia la jurisprudencia del Tribunal europeo de Derechos Humanos y la del Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea sobre esta materia. Además, contiene una breve referencia a la jurisprudencia de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos y a la de algún tribunal estatal. En cuarto lugar, contempla el derecho y la jurisprudencia española sobre los mencionados símbolos. Por último, contiene algunas conclusiones finales.
UNA CULTURA JURÍDICA CON PROFUNDAS RAÍCES Y VOCACIÓN UNIVERSAL. EUROPA Y SUS DESAFÍOS POLÍTICO-NORMATIVOS ANTE UN ESCENARIO POSTSECULAR PLURICULTURAL
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (España), Carranza Gonzalo Gabriel
Published: December 2017

Entender una cultura jurídica en particular implica, prima facie, tratar de apuntar cuáles son las raíces que la informan. Esto implica, básicamente, deslindar los distintos componentes históricos que han conformado una tradición cultural. En el caso europeo, la cultura jurídica ha recibido varios aportes provenientes del mundo romano, griego y cristiano. Tratar de precisar su contenido puede aportar una visión de totalidad a un sistema jurídico con vocación de expansión, en el que la influencia en otros esquemas territoriales ha sido una constante. En este trabajo se tratará de precisar, desde los desafíos que enfrenta la política en un escenario pluricultural postsecular, cómo la cultura jurídica europea puede ser una herramienta útil para su gestión, bregando por demostrar, también, que existe un correlato de cierto contenido entre Europa y Latinoamérica
GLP-1 Receptor Agonist and SGLT2 Inhibitor Prescribing in People With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Li Piaopiao , Li Zhiyan , Staton Elizabeth , Umpierrez Guillermo E. , Davis Georgia , Shao Hui , Pasquel Francisco J.
Published: October 2024

This pooled cross-sectional study explores prescribing rates for glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors among US patients with type 1 diabetes.
Fulminant leptomeningeal disease diagnosed as comutant H3F3A and FGFR diffuse midline glioma
Authors: Benistant Larysa , Reita Damien , Schenck Maleka , Castelain Vincent , Cebula Hélène , Lhermitte Benoît , Bender Laura
Published: October 2024

Diffuse midline gliomas present a particularly intricate and challenging clinical scenario. This rare case involves a patient with comutant H3F3A and FGFR diffuse midline glioma with a clinical presentation of fulminant leptomeningitis. A 22‐year‐old male presented with fatal and fulminant diffuse leptomeningitis. Next‐generation sequencing of plasma and cerebrospinal circulating tumour DNA revealed diffuse midline gliomas with H3F3A and FGFR mutations. Methylome analysis of meningeal tissue collected during autopsy confirmed the diagnosis. Liquid biopsy plays a crucial role in the diagnosis of diffuse midline gliomas, mainly those with exclusively leptomeningeal presentations.
Across‐Interface Effect of Alkylamine Salt on the Formation of Intermediate Phase and Defect Passivation in High‐Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Chen Pengxu , Pan Weichun , Wang Shibo , Wang Yuhong , Yan Zhongliang , Zheng Qingshui , Sun Weihai , Lan Zhang , Wu Jihuai
Published: October 2024

High‐quality and low‐defect perovskite active layer (PVK) and electron transport layer (ETL) are essential for high‐performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, an alkylamine salt, cyclohexylmethylammonium chloride (CMACl) is introduced into tin oxide (SnO2) ETL. CMACl, possessing protonated −NH3+ group and Cl− ions, not only effectively inhibits the aggregation of SnO2 colloids and enhances the quality of the ETLs, but also reduces and passivates the defects on ETLs. On the other hand, via the across‐interface effect of alkylamine salt by thermal diffusion, the CMACl‐PbI2 intermediate phase is formed and leads to the high quality of PVK, meanwhile, the defect on the buried interfaces and in the bulk of PVK are passivated by CMA+ and Cl− ions. Consequently, the CMACl‐modified PSC achieves a preeminent power conversion efficiency of 25.47% and excellent stability. This work demonstrates a facile and effective approach for synchronous optimization of ETL and PVK for high‐performance PSCs by across‐interface effect.
Design Double Layered Anode for Stably Introducing Lithium Source to Achieve Sulfur‐Carbon Full Batteries
Authors: Zhang Yidan , Zhang Huangwei , Lei Jia , Yang Yuhan , Ge Xiaoyu , Li Zhen , Huang Yunhui
Published: October 2024

Lithium‐sulfur batteries offer high energy density but face great safety and cycle life challenges due to the use of Li metal anode. Replacing the Li metal anode with pre‐lithiated carbon anodes can thoroughly address cycling stability and safety issues. Directly contacting Li foil with graphite electrode is one of the most efficient and simple strategy to introduce a high content of lithium source into the sulfur‐carbon full batteries. However, the 100% lithiation of the graphite anode through the direct contact method generates excessive heat and stress heterogeneity, which leads to electrode structure cracking and electrochemical properties fading. This study implements a double‐layer anode to mitigate these issues. A thin layer of hard carbon placed between graphite and Cu foil limits heat generation and stress heterogeneity due to its structural and electrochemical stability. Additionally, differing from traditional electrochemical lithiation, this method gains better solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) for the graphite anode after several cycles. This research highlights the mass production potential of coupling high energy density lithium source‐free cathode materials with various lithium source‐free anodes for constructing long‐cycle and high‐safety rechargeable batteries.
Enabling 2D Electron Gas with High Room‐Temperature Electron Mobility Exceeding 100 cm2 Vs−1 at a Perovskite Oxide Interface
Authors: Hoffmann Georg , Zupancic Martina , Riaz Aysha A. , Kalha Curran , Schlueter Christoph , Gloskovskii Andrei , Regoutz Anna , Albrecht Martin , Nordlander Johanna , Bierwagen Oliver
Published: October 2024

In perovskite oxide heterostructures, bulk functional properties coexist with emergent physical phenomena at epitaxial interfaces. Notably, charge transfer at the interface between two insulating oxide layers can lead to the formation of a 2D electron gas (2DEG) with possible applications in, e.g., high‐electron‐mobility transistors and ferroelectric field‐effect transistors. So far, the realization of oxide 2DEGs is, however, largely limited to the interface between the single‐crystal substrate and epitaxial film, preventing their deliberate placement inside a larger device architecture. Additionally, the substrate‐limited quality of perovskite oxide interfaces hampers room‐temperature (RT) 2DEG performance due to notoriously low electron mobility. In this work, the controlled creation of an interfacial 2DEG at the epitaxial interface between perovskite oxides BaSnO3 and LaInO3 is demonstrated with enhanced RT electron mobility values up to 119 cm2 Vs−1—the highest RT value reported so far for a perovskite oxide 2DEG. Using a combination of state‐of‐the‐art deposition modes during oxide molecular beam epitaxy, this approach opens up another degree of freedom in optimization and in situ control of the interface between two epitaxial oxide layers away from the substrate interface. Thus this approach is expected to apply to the general class of perovskite oxide 2DEG systems and to enable their improved compatibility with novel device concepts and integration across materials platforms.
Ultra‐High Sensitivity Real‐Time Monitoring of Landslide Surface Deformation via Triboelectric Nanogenerator
Authors: Wang Chao , Yang Yu , Zhang Xiaosong , Wang Pengfei , Bi Xiangzhuang , Li Hengyu , Wang Zhong Lin , Cheng Tinghai
Published: October 2024

Monitoring surface deformation is crucial for the early warning of landslides, facilitating timely preventive measures. Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) demonstrates great potential for self‐powered distributed monitoring in remote and power‐scarce landslide areas. However, landslides deform typically at a rate of a few millimeters per day (mm d−1), making it challenging for TENG to directly monitor the deformation process. Herein, a method for monitoring surface deformation of landslides by constructing an ultra‐low‐speed triboelectric displacement sensor (US‐TDS) is reported. Utilizing a force storage‐release device and an accelerator, the US‐TDS can produce obvious sensing signals at a linear input speed of 4.32 mm d−1. The coefficient of determination (R2) for the fitting curve of the pulse signals within the speed range of 21.6 to 129.6 mm d−1 reaches 0.999. Moreover, US‐TDS can detect deformation displacement as small as 0.0382 mm. The stability of US‐TDS displacement measurements is confirmed at a speed of 108 mm d−1, with relative errors under 1%. Ultimately, a real‐time monitoring and early warning system for landslide surface deformation is constructed and verified through a combination of indoor simulations and outdoor experiments. This work provides a feasible solution for the scientific monitoring and early warning of the landslide development.
Label‐Free Raman Probing of the Intrinsic Electric Field for High‐Efficiency Screening of Electricity‐Producing Bacteria at the Single‐Cell Level
Authors: Chen Xueqin , Gao Yan , Qi Yongbing , Li Jinxiang , Hu Tony Y. , Chen Zixuan , Zhu Jun‐Jie
Published: October 2024

The fabrication of high‐performance microbial fuel cells requires the evaluation of the activity of electrochemically active bacteria. However, this is challenging because of the time‐consuming nature of biofilm formation and the invasive nature of labeling. To address this issue, we developed a fast, label‐free, single‐cell Raman spectroscopic method. This method involves investigating the “pure” linear Stark effect of endogenous CO in the silent region of biological samples, which allows for probing the intrinsic electric field in the outer‐membrane cytochromes of live bacterial cells. We found that reduced outer‐membrane cytochromes can generate an additional intrinsic electric field equivalent to an applied potential of +0.29 V. We also found that the higher the electrical activity of the cell, the larger the generated electric field. This was also reflected in the output current of the constructed microbial fuel cells. Raman spectroscopy was employed to facilitate the assessment of electrochemical activity at the single‐cell level in highly‐diluted bacterial samples. After analysis, inactive bacteria were ablated by laser heating, and 20 active cells were cultured for further testing. The rapid and high‐throughput probing of the intrinsic electric field offers a promising platform for high‐efficiency screening of electrochemically active bacterial cells for bioenergetic and photosynthetic research.
Asymmetric Palladium Migration for Synthesis of Chiral‐at‐Cage o‐Carboranes
Authors: Guo Chenyang , Zhang Jie , Ge Yixiu , Qiu Zaozao , Xie Zuowei
Published: October 2024

Metal migration strategy can offer BH functionalization of o‐carboranes at different positions from where initial bond activation occurs to achieve bifunctionalized o‐carboranes in one reaction. We report in this article an enantioselective 3,4‐bifunctionalization of o‐carboranes via asymmetric Pd migration with a high efficiency and up to 98 % ee. This asymmetric catalysis has a broad substrates scope, leading to the preparation of a class of chiral‐at‐cage o‐carborane derivatives. The enantiocontrol model is suggested on the basis of density functional theory (DFT) results, where the chiral Trost ligand plays a crucial role in this enantioselective Pd migration from exo‐alkenyl sp2 C to the cage B(4) position of o‐carborane.
Co(II), Ni(II), and Cu(II) Ternary Complexes With 2,6‐Pyridinedicarboxylic Acid and 2,2′‐Bipyridyl: Synthesis, Characterization, DNA Binding, Photo‐Cleavage, and Antimicrobial Studies
Authors: Giri Swapna , Boddula Jayasri , Anantha Lakshmi P. V.
Published: October 2024

The interaction of 2,6‐pyridinedicarboxylicacid (PDA) and 2,2′‐bipyridyl (Bipy) with Co(II), Ni(II), and Cu(II) ions produced new ternary complexes [M (PDA)(Bipy)(H2O)] (M = Co(II), Ni(II), and Cu(II)), which were studied by elemental, spectral (FT‐IR, Mass, UV–Vis), and thermal analysis, and their interaction with Ct‐DNA was thoroughly studied using various methods, including absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and viscosity measurements. Spectrophotometric titration and viscosity measurements indicated that all the complexes bind to DNA via the groove mode of binding. The salt‐dependent binding of ternary metal complexes to Ct‐DNA has been studied by a UV–Vis spectrophotometric titration experiment. Furthermore, photocleavage studies were used to examine how the metal complexes interacted with the pBR322 DNA, and the results proved that these compounds have obvious photo cleavage properties. The biological effects were studied by antibacterial activity.
Using Pole–Pole Measurements to Calculate Arbitrary 4‐Point Configurations—An Approach to Make Electrical Resistivity Tomography More Flexible and Time‐Efficient
Authors: Fischer Simon Levin , Erkul Ercan , Gräber Michael , Rabbel Wolfgang
Published: October 2024

Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) is nowadays widely used in archaeological prospection. This study deals with an approach to make ERT more time‐efficient and flexible. It is based on calculating arbitrary 4‐point configurations by superposition of multiple pole–pole measurements. Investigating its applicability for archaeological purposes is the objective of this work. To do so, a synthetic study and a case study are conducted to gain insights into effects of nonideal field conditions, noise susceptibility and other challenges during processing and interpretation. Remains of an early modern manor in Noer served as an exemplary object of investigation. Their high resistivity contrast in relation to the surrounding soil makes them ideal for a functionality test. Beforehand, ground penetrating radar measurements were carried out to constrain the forward model used in the synthetic study. It turns out that the pole–pole conversion is well applicable for archaeological prospection under some conditions. The synthetic study shows that the approach is relatively prone to systematic errors. Therefore, it is recommended to locate the external electrodes at a distance of at least 0.7 times (preferably 1.7 times) the maximum internal electrode spacing from the area of investigation. Other error sources like nonideal electrode coupling must be excluded to keep relative noise levels below 1%. The pole–pole conversion can be considered reliable for absolute noise levels below 0.3 mV. Therefore, an A/D converter resolution of, for example, 16‐bit should be sufficient for a dynamic range of ±10 V. If all conditions are met, the pole–pole conversion has a great potential to make ERT more time‐efficient (up to 50%, depending on configuration sets) and flexible, as it allows to calculate nearly every arbitrary 4‐point configuration in the given setup. Combined with optimization approaches like the ‘Compare R’ method, data sets can also be adapted for specific (archaeological) questions or conditions.
Oxidative Stress Mechanism by Gold Compounds: A Close Look at Total ROS Increase and the Inhibition of Antioxidant Enzymes
Authors: Castro Jennyfer , Clauss Gustavo , Fontes Josielle V. , Oliveira Laiane S. , Abbehausen Camilla
Published: October 2024

The antitumor activity of various gold compounds is a promising field of investigation, attracting researchers seeking potential clinical candidates. To advance this research, they explore the complex mechanisms of action of these compounds. Since the discovery of the strong inhibition of thioredoxin reductase by auranofin, the primary mechanism explored has been the inhibition of this enzyme. This inhibition disrupts the redox balance in cells, promoting oxidative stress and triggering cell death. In this review, we analyzed studies from the past decade that measured cellular ROS increase and examined the coordination structures of gold compounds. We also correlate ROS increase with the inhibition of redox‐regulating enzymes, thioredoxin reductase, and glutathione reductase, to elucidate the relationship between these cellular effects and chemical structures. Our data compilation reveals that different structures exhibit varying efficacy: some significantly increase ROS production and inhibit thioredoxin reductase or glutathione reductase, while others elevate ROS levels without affecting these target enzymes, suggesting alternative mechanisms of action. This review consolidates critical evidence, enhancing our understanding of the mechanisms by which these gold complexes act and providing valuable insights for developing new therapeutic strategies against tumor cells.
Materialsparende Betondecke aus 3D‐gedruckten Verriegelungsblöcken
Authors: Neef Tobias , Goertzen Tom , Niemeyer Alice , Mechtcherine Viktor
Published: October 2024

Ein neues modulares Konstruktionsprinzip hat das Potenzial, die Betonbauweise zu revolutionieren: topologische Verriegelung von Bausteinen. Durch die innovative Anordnung dieser Verriegelungsblöcke wird eine kinematische Beanspruchung einzelner Bausteine durch die gesamte Baugruppe effektiv unterbunden, indem die Blöcke sich gegenseitig immobilisieren. Diese Studie untersucht die Synergie zwischen topologisch ineinandergreifenden Baugruppen (TIA = englisch „topological interlocking assemblies“) und 3D‐Betondruck und führt eine umfassende Analyse der Herstellungsverfahren und der strukturellen Leistungsfähigkeit durch. Die ohne Bindemittel ineinandergreifenden Verriegelungsblöcke bieten herausragende Perspektiven für nachhaltiges Bauen. In der Untersuchung wird eine Methode zur Optimierung der Blockgeometrien für den 3D‐Druck vorgestellt, um die Integrität der Verriegelung sicherzustellen. Drei spezifische Blockgeometrien werden für den 3D‐Betondruck entwickelt und getestet. Verschiedene Methoden werden angewendet, um Verriegelungsblöcke herzustellen. Eine Geometrie wird ausgewählt und sowohl im kleinen als auch im großen Maßstab erprobt. Es folgen experimentelle Prüfungen, einschließlich präziser 3D‐Fotogrammetriemessungen, zur Bewertung des strukturellen Verhaltens dieser Plattensysteme. Die Ergebnisse demonstrieren eindrucksvoll die Machbarkeit und das enorme Potenzial der Integration von topologischer Verriegelung und 3D‐Betondruck für zukunftsfähige Bauanwendungen.
A plant mutant screen CURE integrated with core biology concepts showed effectiveness in course design and students' perceived learning gains
Authors: Liu Jinjie , Benning Christoph
Published: October 2024

Course‐based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs) provide students with valuable opportunities to engage in research in a classroom setting, expanding access to research opportunities for undergraduates, fostering inclusive research and learning environments, and bridging the gap between the research and education communities. While scientific practices, integral to the scientific discovery process, have been widely implemented in CUREs, there have been relatively few reports emphasizing the incorporation of core biology concepts into CURE curricula. In this study, we present a CURE that integrates core biology concepts, including genetic information flow, phenotype–genotype relationships, mutations and mutants, and structure–function relationships, within the context of mutant screening and gene loci identification. The design of this laboratory course aligns with key CURE criteria, as demonstrated by data collected through the laboratory course assessment survey (LCAS). The survey of undergraduate research experiences (SURE) demonstrates students' learning gains in both course‐directed skills and transferrable skills following their participation in the CURE. Additionally, concept survey data reflect students' self‐perceived understanding of the aforementioned core biological concepts. Given that genetic mutant screens are central to the study of gene function in biology, we anticipate that this CURE holds potential value for educators and researchers who are interested in designing and implementing a mutant screen CURE in their classrooms. This can be accomplished through independent research or by establishing partnerships between different units or institutions.
LC enantioseparation of active pharmaceutical ingredients using rationally synthesized CDRs and chiral molecules with high molar absorptivity
Authors: Sethi Sonika , Bhushan Ravi
Published: October 2024

The synthesis of optically active compounds requires determination of ee, er, and enantiomeric purity. The aim of the present paper is to review the synthesis of several chiral derivatizing reagents (CDRs) in a rational manner, which were successful for the separation and isolation of enantiomers of a variety of active pharmaceutical ingredients and other important and useful racemates. Besides, the application of (i) certain enantiomerically pure amines, either directly or by incorporating each of them as chiral auxiliary in difluorodinitrobenzene or cyanuric chloride moieties to construct the CDR, (ii) (S)‐ketoprofen and (S)‐levofloxacin as chiral platforms, and (iii) a few isothiocyanates, have been suitably included. Attention is drawn to the use of water micellar mobile phase as the “green” RP‐HPLC method and the use of simple achiral derivatization with ninhydrin, particularly. Synthesis of CDRs and their application for enantioseparation of racemates and detagging of certain chromophoric reagent components for obtaining native enantiomers are other interesting features included herein. The methods can be easily used to determine and control enantiomeric purity with advantages over a variety of commercial chiral phases. This comprehensive review not only highlights innovative methodologies for enantioseparation but also underscores their practical applications in controlling and ensuring the enantiomeric purity of pharmaceutical compounds.
Association Between Cancer Screening Patterns and Carer Literacy in Individuals With Cognitive Decline: An Observational Study
Authors: Kuroda Yujiro , Goto Aya , Uchida Kazuaki , Sugimoto Taiki , Fujita Kosuke , Yokoyama Yoko , Nakagawa Takeshi , Saito Tami , Noguchi Taiji , Komatsu Ayane , Arai Hidenori , Sakurai Takashi
Published: October 2024

Objective

The incidence rates of dementia, mild cognitive impairment, and cancer increase with age, posing challenges to affected individuals and their families. However, there are currently no clear cancer screening guidelines for individuals with cognitive impairment. This study analyzed the impact of carer health literacy on screening behaviors in this population.

Methods

We conducted a postal follow‐up survey, associated with the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology—Life STORIES of People with Dementia, that targeted primary carers to assess their reports regarding patient attendance at regular cancer screenings recommended by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, over the preceding 2 years. Screening rates were compared between the memory clinic cohort and the national average, and the influence of carer health literacy level on screening was analyzed.

Results

Among the 826 total individuals analyzed, the memory clinic cohort exhibited lower breast cancer screening rates, at 11% among female patients aged 65–74 years versus the national average of 32%. Higher health literacy among carers was significantly associated with increased screening. For female patients, carers with high levels of communicative health literacy were more likely to ensure that patients attended screenings for gastric (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.77; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03–3.04), colorectal (AOR, 1.70, 95% CI 1.08–2.70), and breast cancers (AOR, 3.08; 95% CI, 1.40–6.76). Among the male patients, high communicative health literacy was associated with increased lung cancer screening attendance (AOR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.11–2.99).

Conclusions

Our research highlights a notable gap in cancer screening attendance between individuals with cognitive impairment and the general population, potentially arising from the intricate nature of screening procedures and the extensive burden on carers. More informed decisions and increased screening rates can be achieved through patient‐centric communication strategies that accommodate the cognitive abilities of patients, ensuring the comprehensibility and accessibility of health‐related information.
Phytochemical Riches, Bioactivities, and Clinical Potential of Prinsepia utilis Royle: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Prakash Suraj , Radha  , Puri Sunil , Dhumal Sangram , Kumar Sunil , Senapathy Marisennayya , Kumar Manoj
Published: October 2024

Prinsepia utilis Royle, known for its diverse applications in traditional medicine (Chinese and Indian folk medicines), has garnered substantial attention within the field of phytochemistry and bioactivity exploration. P. utilis is a deciduous shrub from the family Rosaceae which is predominantly distributed within the Himalayan Mountain range at altitudes ranging from 1000 to 3000 meters above sea level. This paper is mainly focused on present state of knowledge about P. utilis, focusing on compiling a comprehensive and current database encompassing its phytochemical composition and associated bioactivities. Various phytochemical investigations of P. utilis have yielded a rich repository of secondary metabolites, including alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, and terpenoids. Various studies have reported the bioactivities attributed to P. utilis extracts, fractions, or isolated compounds showing the antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, antimicrobial, enzymatic inhibitory (α‐glucosidase and lipase), immunosuppressive, and cytotoxic. In vivo investigations have demonstrated anti‐inflammatory, anti‐benign prostatic hyperplasia effects, osteoprotective, and hypoglycemic activity aligning with traditional claims. For treatment of atrophic dermatitis and acne vulgaris, formulations containing P. utilis extract have been developed with proven effectiveness. Furthermore, the exploration of P. utilis phytochemistry and bioactivities highlights its promising ability as source of novel therapeutic agents and functional additives. However, further studies are required which integrate pharmacological evaluations, clinical trials, and sustainable cultivation practices to unlock its pharmaceutical and industrial applications.
Benzylpiperazinyl Derivatives of Alepterolic Acid: Synthesis and Cytotoxic Evaluation
Authors: Wang Xin , Qin Li , Ma Lian , Dai Xiling , Huang Guozheng , Cao Jianguo
Published: October 2024

Natural products play a significant role in the development of modern drugs. Alepterolic acid, a labdane‐type diterpenoid firstly isolated from Aleuritopteris argentea (Gmél.) Fée, has been identified as a valuable template for the synthesis of potent anticancer agents by structural modification. In this study, a series of new derivatives was obtained by coupling alepterolic acid with benzylpiperazines. It was found that (3,4‐dichlorobenzyl)piperazinyl alepterolic acid (compound 6p) displayed the highest level of toxicity against MCF‐7 cell line, with an IC50 value of 8.31±0.67 μM. Further investigations demonstrated that compound 6p induced morphological changes in MCF‐7 cells, inhibited proliferation in a time‐ and dose‐dependent manner. Furthermore, western blot analysis revealed that compound 6p induced a significant increase in cleaved caspase‐9, cleaved caspase‐3, cleaved poly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) and Bax/Bcl‐2 ratio in MCF‐7 cells. All of these results confirmed that compound 6p induced endogenous apoptosis in MCF‐7 cells. Conclusively, the findings suggest that the incorporation of benzylpiperazine to alepterolic acid represents a promising approach for the discovery of new drug candidates.
Anti‐inflammatory Fatty Acid Derivatives From Mangrove‐derived Actinomycetes Streptomyces sp.
Authors: Ge Cheng , Xu Han , Zhang Xue‐Ying , Wu Gui‐Xin , Yang Min , Gu Yu‐Qin , Li Jian Lin
Published: October 2024

Mangrove‐derived actinomycetes are prolific chemical sources of complex and novel natural products, providing an excellent chance for new drug discovery. The chemical investigation of the mangrove‐derived Streptomyces sundarbansensis 06037, led to the discovery of two previously undescribed enone fatty acids (1–2), one new phenylpropionate derivate (3), along with the isolation of the ten known components (4–13). Those chemical structures of isolates were elucidated on the basis of the analysis of diverse spectroscopic data. Initial anti‐inflammatory tests of 1–3 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐activated RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells revealed that compound 1 possess significant inhibitory effect on the production of Nitro oxidase (NO), with the IC50 value around 15.33±1.32 μM, together with the suppression of NF‐κB phosphorylation and reducing the release of oxygen species (ROS) in RAW 264.7 macrophages, those results indicated that compound 1 may exert its anti‐inflammatory activity through a reduction in ROS level and the suppression of NF‐κB activation pathway.
Wuzi Yanzong Decoction Ameliorates Oligoasthenozoospermia by Up‐Regulating Methyltransferase and Increasing Spata, Bcl, and Pik3 Series Genes Methylation Level
Authors: Lin Qiyan , Ge Xiyu , Li Xia , Gu Fangli , Gao Leilei , Su Ting , Chen Yanjun , Yang Li , Liu Dong , Han Bangxing , Chen Cunwu
Published: October 2024

Wuzi Yanzong decoction (WZYZD) belongs to the traditional formula for treating male infertility caused by oligoasthenozoospermia (OLI). This research aims to elucidate the therapeutic substance basis and potential pharmacological mechanisms of WZYZD in treating OLI. A total of 52 chemical ingredients were identified from WZYZD. HE and TUNEL staining demonstrated that WZYZD can markedly alleviate OLI. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that WZYZD can significantly increase the expression levels of DNMT3 A, PIWIL1, SETDB1, and PRMT5. Methyl capture sequencing proved that WZYZD can markedly upregulate the methylated level of Spata, Bcl, and Pik3 series genes. Network pharmacology analysis proved that WZYZD can ameliorate OLI through BCL‐2 and PI3 K‐AKT signaling pathways. The immunofluorescence assay of BCL‐2 and SPATA18 proved the aforementioned results. The potential mechanism of WZYZD in treating OLI mainly involved recruiting methyltransferase DNMT3 A, PIWIL1, PRMT5, and SETDB1 and increasing the methylation degree of Spata, Bcl, and Pik3 series genes.
Rotational, orbital atherectomy and intravascular lithotripsy for coronary calcified nodules: insights from optical coherence tomography
Authors: Yasumura Keisuke , Koshy Anoop N. , Vinayak Manish , Vengrenyuk Yuliya , Minatoguchi Shingo , Krishnamoorthy Parasuram , Hooda Amit , Sharma Raman , Kapur Vishal , Sweeny Joseph , Sharma Samin K. , Kini Annapoorna S.
Published: October 2024

Background

The optimal treatment strategy for coronary calcified nodules (CN) remains uncertain. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of different calcium modification strategies, including rotational atherectomy (RA), orbital atherectomy (OA), and intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) for managing CN with optical coherence tomography (OCT) guidance.

Methods

Consecutive patients undergoing OCT‐guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for severely calcified lesions using RA, OA, or IVL between January 2017 and December 2022 were included. Primary endpoint was minimum stent area (MSA) post‐PCI. Secondary endpoints included MSA at CN site and 1‐year target vessel failure (TVF), defined as a composite of cardiac death, target‐vessel myocardial infarction, or target vessel revascularization.

Results

Among 154 patients and 158 lesions, CN was identified in 54 lesions (34.2%) and managed with RA (39%, n = 21), OA (33%, n = 18), or IVL (28%, n = 15). The IVL group exhibited a larger minimal lumen diameter, maximum calcium arc, and maximum calcium thickness. Post‐PCI OCT demonstrated comparable MSA (RA: 6.23 ± 0.34 mm², OA: 5.75 ± 0.39 mm², IVL: 6.24 ± 0.46 mm²; p = 0.62) and MSA at CN site (7.17 ± 0.43 mm², 6.46 ± 0.49 mm², 7.86 ± 0.56 mm², respectively; p = 0.55) after adjusting for morphologic factors. The incidence of TVF at 1 year was similar among the group (RA: 19.0%, OA: 22.2%, IVL: 13.3%, p = 0.81).

Conclusions

In patients undergoing PCI for CN, similar procedural and clinical outcomes can be achieved using RA, OA, or IVL. These findings warrant further investigation in larger, prospective trials.
Hollow Superhelices Based on Chiral Europium Coordination Polymers
Authors: Zhai Zhi‐Min , Hou Ting , Xu Yan , Teng Qian , Bao Song‐Song , Zheng Li‐Min
Published: October 2024

The construction of helical nanotubes based on chiral coordination polymers (CPs) is an intriguing but challenging task, which is important for the development of functional materials that combine macroscopic chirality with tube‐related properties. Here, we selected a chiral europium phosphonate system, e. g., Eu(NO3)3/R‐,S‐pempH2, and carried out a systematic work. By controlling the hydrothermal reaction conditions such as the pH value of the reaction mixture, the molar ratio and concentration of the reactants, we obtained block‐like crystals of R/S‐1 b, rod‐like crystals of R/S‐3 r, hollow superhelices of R/S‐2 hh, and solid superhelices of R/S‐4 sh. In the latter two cases, the chirality has been successfully transferred and amplificated from the molecular level to the macroscopic level. Interestingly, compounds R/S‐2 hh and R/S‐4 sh have the same chemical composition of Eu(R/S‐pempH)3⋅2H2O and show identical PXRD patterns, thus can be considered as the same material except for different morphologies. We further investigated their circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) properties and found that the hollow superhelix of R/S‐2 hh had a larger dissymmetry factor than the solid superhelix of R/S‐4 sh. This study not only provides the first example of hollow superhelices of chiral CPs, but also offers the possibility of modulating the chiroptical properties of CPs through morphological control.