bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tratamiento con fludrocortisona en una paciente con cerebro perdedor de sal asociado a meningitis por criptococosis
Authors: González-Clavijo Angélica María , Bermúdez-Silva Laura Natalia , Galezo-Cuevas Silvana , Correa Martínez Valeria , López-Rodríguez Laura Valentina , Parra-Castañeda Angie Lizeth , Parada-Aguilar María Alejandra , Chamorro-Guerrero César Andrés , Fierro Maya Luis Felipe
Published: March 2022

Introducción: el cerebro perdedor de sal (CPS) es un síndrome de etiología confusa, responsable de un trastorno hidroelectrolítico de hiponatremia hipovolémica significativa, descrito en pacientes con afección del sistema nervioso central (SNC) por traumas o infecciones.Objetivo: describir el caso de una paciente con CPS de presentación atípica, quien requirió fludrocortisona como opciónnovedosa en su tratamiento.Presentación del caso: mujer de 65 años que ingresó a urgencias por alteración en estado de conciencia, hiponatremia severa y signos vitales estables. No cursó con diarrea, emesis o fiebre. Se sospechó de síndrome de secreción inadecuada dehormona antidiurética (SIADH) y se manejó con restricción hídrica que empeoró la hiponatremia. Tras identificar hemoconcentración y poliuria se orientó el diagnóstico a CPS, lo que dirigió a tratamiento con solución hipertónica complementado con fludrocortisona, esencial para alcanzar niveles de seguridad. Finalmente, se realizó una punción lumbar que confirmó meningitis por criptococosis como origen del síndrome.Discusión y conclusión: el CPS tiene una presentación inusual y este caso demuestra que el tratamiento con fludrocortisona es útil para casos refractarios de origen infeccioso.
Anatomía microscópica normal de la glándula tiroides. Principios básicos para el residente de Endocrinología y anatomía patológica con una breve nota histórica
Authors: Heredia-Jara Andrea , Ortiz-Hidalgo Carlos
Published: March 2022

Contexto: es necesario conocer las características histológicas normales de la glándula tiroides para comprender losprocesos patológicos de esta glándula.Objetivo: esta es una revisión práctica sobre la estructura normal de la glándula tiroides, dirigida a residentes de Endocrinología y anatomía patológica.Metodología: se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica sobre la histología normal de la glándula tiroides y se utilizó materialhistológico del Departamento de Patología del Hospital Médica Sur (México).Resultados: la glándula tiroides normal está formada por dos lóbulos laterales conectados centralmente por un istmo.Esta glándula es color marrón clara y de consistencia firme, con un peso de 15 a 25 g. Aproximadamente en el 80 % delos individuos existe un lóbulo piramidal que se extiende hacia arriba desde el istmo a lo largo de la superficie anteriordel cartílago tiroides. Este lóbulo es un remanente del conducto tirogloso. Histológicamente, la tiroides está formada por numerosos folículos esféricos con un diámetro promedio de 200 ?m. Cada folículo está revestido por células epitelialesplanas, cuboidales o cilíndricas y tiene en el centro coloide secretado por las células epiteliales, bajo la influencia de la hormona estimulante de la tiroides. Existe un segundo grupo de células, las células C o células parafoliculares, ubicadas principalmente en los polos superiores de los lóbulos tiroideos, que secretan calcitonina.Conclusiones: En la glándula tiroides se presentan diversos procesos patológicos por lo que es importante conocer su estructura normal para interpretar adecuadamente cada proceso.
The effect of fear of COVID-19 on quality of life in patients with epilepsy
Authors: Yeni Kubra , Tulek Zeliha , Ozer Arif , Cavusoglu Aysel , Sirin İnan Gorkem , Baykan Betul , Bebek Nerses
Published: March 2022

Objective: In the COVID-19 pandemic period, the effect of COVID-19 fear on quality of life was uncertain. This present study examined the effect of fear of COVID-19 on quality of life in patients with epilepsy through anxiety and depression.
Methods: This single-center, cross-sectional study was conducted with a total of 319 adult patients with epilepsy. The mean age of the patients was 36.0 (± 11.1) years, and 53% were male. The mean duration of diagnosis was 16.0 (± 10.6) years, and more than half of the patients (52.4%) were using two and more antiepileptic drugs. Data were collected online between 15 December 2020 and 5 January 2021. COVID-19 Fear Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, Worry and Anxiety Questionnaire, and Epilepsy Quality of Life Scale-10 were used for data collection. Serial mediation analysis was conducted to determine the effect of COVID-19 fear on quality of life.
Results: Although there was a significant correlation between them, the fear of COVID-19 did not directly affect the quality of life. The fear of COVID-19 increased anxiety and depression respectively, the increase in the mediators also decreased the quality of life.
Conclusion: The fear of COVID-19 experienced by patients with epilepsy did not have a significant direct effect on the quality of life. However, it was found that it had an indirect effect on the quality of life by increasing mental health problems such as anxiety and depression, the indirect effect was mostly on anxiety.
Comparison among demographics, risk factors, clinical manifestations, and outcomes of stroke subtypes: Findings from a Malaysian stroke-ready hospital
Authors: Loh Hong Chuan , Ganasegeran Kurubaran , Lim Yi Fang , Looi Irene
Published: March 2022

Background and Objective: Distinguishing attributes of stroke subtypes is crucial to establish appropriate planning for patient care and preventive measures. This study aims to compare the associations among demographic characteristics, risk factors, clinical manifestations, and outcomes of different stroke subtypes in a Malaysian stroke-ready hospital.
Methods: The study utilized data that were collected from the local hospital-based stroke database, which is part of the Perai Regional Integrated Stroke Intervention System. The database is representative of the population in mainland Penang. All confirmed local ischaemic stroke (IS) and haemorrhagic stroke (HS) cases aged 18 years and above admitted to Hospital Seberang Jaya from 1st January 2010 to 31st December 2019 were included. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed.
Results: There was a total of 1,805 patients with 1,572 (87.1%) IS patients and 233 (12.9%) HS patients. The mean (SD) age for IS patients was 62.75 (12.08) and 60.51 (13.65) for HS patients. Generally, there were more male than female patients: 957 (60.9%) male IS patients and 137 (58.8%) male HS patients. A significantly higher proportion of IS patients were aged ≥60 years old (59.9%, p=0.021), of Indian origin (15.5%, p=0.034), had diabetes (51.2%, p<0.001), hyperlipidaemia (17.8%, p<0.001), ischaemic heart disease (10.9%, p=0.011) and were smokers (54.2%, p=0.028) as compared to HS patients. The proportion of IS patients who exhibited hemiparesis (76.0%, p=0.012) and speech disturbances (54.8%, p=0.015) was higher than HS patients. Most IS patients ranged from no disability to moderate disability (65.3%, p<0.001) with a length of stay in the hospital of ≤ 7 days (77.6%, p<0.001).
Conclusion: Significant differences were observed on risk factors between IS and HS. IS was linked mainly with hemiparesis and speech disturbances, whereas HS patients mainly exhibited headaches, nausea and vomiting, altered sensorium, and seizures, in addition to more severe stroke and poor outcomes.
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for prophylactive treatment of chronic migraine: A randomised, single-blind, parallel-group, sham-controlled trial
Authors: Shah Jay , Dhull Pawan , Somasekharan Manoj , Soni Rahul , Gupta Salil
Published: March 2022

Background: Pilot studies suggest that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation could be effective in migraine. We studied its efficacy for prophylaxis of chronic migraine.
Methods: We undertook a randomised, single-blind, sham-controlled study in patients with chronic migraine. Subjects were randomly allocated to sham, high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (HF-rTMS) or low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (LF-rTMS). The primary outcome was the reduction of attacks at four weeks. In addition, reduction of severity of headache based on the Visual Analogue Scale score at two & four weeks and a functional disability score at four weeks was recorded.
Results: One hundred and eight patients were allocated to sham stimulation (n=36), HF-rTMS (n=36) and LF-rTMS (n=36) groups. The number of attacks per month decreased to 7.05+/-1.45 at four weeks post-rTMS in the HF-rTMS (p<0.001) as compared to the LF-rTMS (10.61+/-1.69) and sham (10.83+/-3.37) groups. The VAS score in the HF-rTMS group was significantly lowered (p < 0.001) from 8.61+/-1.15 at baseline to 6.63+/-0.96, and 7.19+/-0.98 at two and four weeks respectively. The duration of headache in hours over 4 weeks reduced from 32.4+/-14.9 to 11.6+/-6.14 in the HF-rTMS group (p<0.001), but did not change significantly in the LF-rTMS (30.4+/-11.9 to 27.8+/-14, p>0.05) and sham (26.8+/-11.06 to 37+/-15, p>0.05) in sham groups. There was no significant difference in functional disability between all the study groups at four weeks.
Conclusion: High-frequency, but not low-frequency, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation may be useful in management of chronic migraine.
Quality of life and activities of daily living of myasthenia gravis patients in Hospital Seberang Jaya, Malaysia using MGQOL-15 and MGADL scores: A cross sectional study
Authors: Suppiah Purnima Devi , Marshall Delis Suzan , Lee Soon Mui , Looi Irene
Published: March 2022

Background & Objective: Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an immune mediated neuromuscular disease with a wide range of clinical symptoms causing fatigability, which can influence quality of life (QoL) and activity of daily living (ADL). Patient-derived quality of life, as assessed by questionnaires has proven to be an essential outcome measures when used in conjunction with clinical examination. The objective of this study is to explore factors associated with QoL and ADL of MG patients in Hospital Seberang Jaya, Malaysia.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study 35 MG patients were recruited from the Neurology clinic of Hospital Seberang Jaya, Penang. An interview-administered questionnaire was utilized. The questionnaire consisted of 3 parts: Socio-demographics (age, gender, ethnicity), Clinical factors (MG type, MG crisis, Ach Antibody positivity, thymoma was recorded) and QoL assessment using validated MG-QoL-15 and MGADL questionnaires respectively. Descriptive and bivariate analysis was conducted using SPSS version 23.
Results: Our sample were 57% males, and the mean age was 54.34 years, range 19 to 81 years. Higher score of MG-QoL-15 and MGADL indicates lower QoL of MG patients. In bivariate analysis, Non-Malays were 8 times more likely to have better QoL compared to Malays (OR=8, 95%CI =1.726-37.09, p = 0.005). Patients with poorer ADL score were 6.5 times more likely to have lower QOL compared to those with lower ADL score (OR = 6.5, 95% CI = 1.3-31.8, p = 0.016). Other clinical factors were not significantly associated with QoL.
Conclusion: This study showed that the non-Malay MG patients and those with lower grades of the disease (grade I to II) had better QoL.
A simplified depth implantation approach in bitemporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Fong Si-Lei , Thuy Le Minh An , Narayanan Vairavan , Lim Kheng Seang , Rahmat Kartini , Bazir Ahmad Sherrini Ahmad , Tan Chong Tin
Published: March 2022

Background: Up to 73.0% of patients with bilateral temporal lobe epilepsy (BTLE) on scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) were found to have unilateral temporal seizure onset via invasive EEG monitoring (iEEG) and 58% of them achieved good surgical outcome. However, iEEG in resource- limited countries is limited by cost. We aimed to present the surgical outcome of a simplified and cost- effective 2-electrode bilateral hippocampal depth implantation strategy in 7 cases with bilateral temporal lobe epilepsy based on scalp EEG and unilateral mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS).
Methods: Total 7 cases who underwent epilepsy surgery were reviewed. All patients underwent 2-stage evaluation of video-EEG monitoring followed by intracranial monitoring. A simplified 2-depth electrode implantation strategy was used, targeting the bilateral anterior hippocampus.
Results: All 7 patients had interictal bilateral independent temporal epileptiform discharges. Four had bilateral temporal ictal onset on scalp EEG and 3 with ictal onset contralateral to the MTS. With iEEG, 4 patients (57.1%) were confirmed to be unilateral TLE, concordant with the MTS, and 3 patients (42.9%) had true BTLE. All 7 patients underwent anterior temporal lobectomy, ipsilateral to the side of MTS. Four patients (57.1%) achieved Engel I surgical outcome, of which 3/4 (75.0%) were patients with unilateral TLE. For those with true BTLE, 2/3 (66.7%) achieved favourable surgical outcome (Engel I and II).
Conclusions: This simplified two-electrode implantation strategy is effective in lateralization of TLE in patients with BTLE and more affordable to those in resource-limited countries.
Ischemic stroke due to spontaneous reversible extra- cranial internal carotid artery vasospasm: A case report
Authors: Ozdemir Zeynep , Soysal Aysun
Published: March 2022

Reversible idiopathic extracranial internal carotid artery (ICA) vasospasm is a rare cause of ischemic stroke especially seen among young patients and the pathophysiology is not fully understood. We report here a 23-year-old female who presented with left hemiparesis and hemihypoesthesia. She had several similar reversible attacks which last about 30 minutes in the past years. She had migraine- type headaches five times a month and history of bipolar disease. MRI showed multiple infarction areas on the right middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory with no large vessel abnormality. We could not find any cardioembolic or other etiology except for a PAI-1 heterozygote 4G/5G mutation. She was given warfarin and had several ischemic attacks in different vascular areas in the following years with various treatment strategies. MR angiography showed reversible stenosis of both internal carotid arteries (ICA) in every attack with different severities. We diagnosed the patient as reversible vasoconstriction syndrome of the ICA and started prednisolone, nimodipine, and ASA treatment. In conclusion, spontaneous reversible extracranial internal carotid artery vasospasm is a rare condition with uncertain pathology. There is also no effective treatment.
Footnotes of Iqbal's Letters Edited by Mr. Burni: A Research Study
Authors: Amir Iqbal Muhammad , Tasneem Ubaida , Awais Sabina
Published: March 2022

کلیاتِ مکاتیبِ اقبال  مرتبہ سید مظفر حسین برنی کے حواشی تعلیقات اور اشاریہ سازی : تحقیقی مطالعہ

One can see thought, philosophy, knowledge and literature in Iqbal's letters. There are religious thoughts too. Political vision of Iqbal can also be observed in his letters. The work of compiling and editing Iqbal's letters is in progress. Experts have tried to understand Iqbal's thought according to their own vision. They had done their duty of translation and editing. Mr. Burni has compiled all the available letters of Iqbal. They have the status of scientific and literary document. He has also compiled comments using technical features. He has also arranged the indexing. Reading this article will help to understand the meaning of comments. There will be access to the principles of indexing. By studying it, researchers will see examples from Iqbal's letters and will master the artistic abilities of literature along with Iqbal's thought.
Akmal al Akhbar Delhi
Authors: Banoo Fazilat
Published: March 2022

اکمل الاخباردہلی

Akmal newspaper was published from Delhi on January 1, 1866. It was published every Wednesday. Its founder was Syed Fakhruddin. This newspaper was published in Akmal Press. Everyone loved this newspaper. Most of it was written for the welfare of the people. The price of Akmal newspaper was kept very low. This newspaper was published shortly after the Revolution of 1857. Burj Mohan Dattatreya Kefi says that it was one of the most successful newspapers of its time and had a prominent position among its contemporaries. Its editor was Munshi Bihari Lal Mushtaq. It was a two-column newspaper. It described the national and social situation in detail. This newspaper was very important in ancient Urdu newspapers.
Biography of Tahir Jafir: A Research Study
Authors: Mehmood Khalid , Afzal Hameed Muhammad
Published: March 2022

جعفر طاہر کے حالات زندگی: تحقیقی جائزہ

Jafar Tahir is a modern day poet who did not get the attention he deserved. In addition to ghazals, he tried his hand at many genres, including cantos. Jafar's living conditions are as unknown as his poetry. Some critics and researchers have tried to bring this poet before Majeed Amjad's peers. Some research theses were also compiled on Jafar Tahir. Some great writers like Intezar Hussain, Khawaja Muhammad Zakaria, and Dr. Anwar Sadid wrote about Jafar, and especially Sher Afzal Jafari and Safdar Saleem Sial. But the living conditions of this great poet did not become popular in the eyes of the readers; the article under review is an attempt to compile the biography of this great poet.
Muslim-majority Countries Have Fewer COVID-19 Cases and Deaths: A Cross-country Analysis of 165 Countries During the 3 Global Peak Dates in 2020-2021
Authors: P. Mahayosnand Ponn , Gheno Gloria , Sabra ZM , Sabra DM
Published: March 2022

Objective To determine the difference in the total number of COVID-19 cases and deaths between Muslim-majority and non-Muslim countries, and investigate reasons for anydisparities. Methods A cross-country panel analysis of the total number of new COVID-19 cases per million for 165 countries was conducted from May 1, 2020 to July 1, 2021. Regression models of the total number of COVID-19 cases and deaths per million were created for the 3 global peak dates of July 31, 2020 and January 7 and April 29, 2021.  Results The number of daily new COVID-19 cases per million was signficantly less in Muslim-majority countries (N = 49) than non-Muslim countries (N=116), SD 1.57E-1, p-value <0.001 from May 1, 2020 to July 1, 2021. Total number of cases per million of Muslim-majority countries was significantly less on July 31st: 0.089, p-value <0.001; January 7th: SD 0.012, p-value 0.04; April 29th: SD 0.009, p-value <0.01. Total number of deaths per million of Muslim-majority countries was also significantly less on July 31st: 0.510, p-value 0.009; January 7th: SD 0.090, p-value <0.001; April 29th: SD 0.065, p-value 0.03. Discussion The data suggests a relationship between Islamic practices and the incidence of COVID-19 and COVID-19 related deaths. This study explored how that Muslims’ practice of tahara (purity or cleanliness) is similar to many COVID-19 containment measures and tawakkul (trust in Allah) helps them remain resilient and hopeful during difficult unpredictable times, such as living through a pandemic. Conclusion It is hoped that this paper brings awareness to the positive practices of the Islamic faith as it relates to COVID-19, and to population and individual health. Research should be conducted with Muslims in Muslim-majority and non-Muslim countries to further study the relationship between Islam and health.
Phylogenetic Analysis of Phaeosphaeria Species Using Mating Type Genes and Distribution of Mating Types in Iran
Authors: Ghaderi Fariba , Habibi Azadeh , Sharifnabi Bahram
Published: March 2022

Phaeosphaeria species are pathogenic on wheat, barley and a wide range of wild grasses. To analyze mating type loci of the Phaeosphaeria species and investigate mating type distribution in Iran, we sequenced mating type loci of 273 Phaeosphaeria isolates including 67 isolates obtained from symptomatic leaves and ears of wheat, barley, and wild grasses from two wheat-growing region in Iran as well as 206 isolates from our collection from other regions in Iran which were isolated in our previous studies. Mating type genes phylogeny was successfully used to determine the species identity and relationships among isolates within the Phaeosphaeria spp. complex. In this study, we reported seven new host records for Phaeosphaeria species and the Phaeosphaeria avenaria f. sp. tritici 3 group was first reported from Iran in this study. Mating type distribution among Phaeosphaeria species was determined. Both mating types were present in all sampling regions from Iran. We observed skewed distribution of mating types in one region (Kohgiluyeh va Boyer-Ahmad) and equal distribution in the other region (Bushehr). However, when considering our entire dataset of 273 Iranian Phaeosphaeria isolates, the ratio of mating types was not deviated significantly from 1:1 suggesting possibilities for isolates of opposite mating type to interact and reproduce sexually, although the sexual cycle may infrequently occur in some regions especially when the climatic conditions are unfavorable for teleomorph development.
Genome Wide Analysis of the Potato Soft Rot Pathogen Pectobacterium carotovorum Strain ICMP 5702 to Predict Novel Insights into Its Genetic Features
Authors: Mallick Tista , Mishra Rukmini , Mohanty Sasmita , Joshi Raj Kumar
Published: March 2022

Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (Pcc) is a gram-negative, broad host range bacterial pathogen which causes soft rot disease in potatoes as well as other vegetables worldwide. While Pectobacterium infection relies on the production of major cell wall degrading enzymes, other virulence factors and the mechanism of genetic adaptation of this pathogen is not yet clear. In the present study, we have performed an in-depth genome-wide characterization of Pcc strain ICMP5702 isolated from potato and compared it with other pathogenic bacteria from the Pectobacterium genus to identify key virulent determinants. The draft genome of Pcc ICMP5702 contains 4,774,457 bp with a G + C content of 51.90% and 4,520 open reading frames. Genome annotation revealed prominent genes encoding key virulence factors such as plant cell wall degrading enzymes, flagella-based motility, phage proteins, cell membrane structures, and secretion systems. Whereas, a majority of determinants were conserved among the Pectobacterium strains, few notable genes encoding AvrE-family type III secretion system effectors, pectate lyase and metalloprotease in addition to the CRISPR-Cas based adaptive immune system were uniquely represented. Overall, the information generated through this study will contribute to decipher the mechanism of infection and adaptive immunity in Pcc.
Analisa Validitas Penentuan Predikat Kelulusan Berdasarkan Data Individu Mahasiswa di Institut Teknologi Dirgantara Adisutjipto (ITDA)
Authors: Nugraheny Dwi , Honggowibowo Anton Setiawan
Published: March 2022

The world of education will never be separated from student data and graduation data. Student data is usually obtained at the time of registration of new students to an institution. Various individual data and parental data will be stored in the student's individual data archive. It is unfortunate if the data is not used and only as an archive. In this study, students will utilize individual data in the form of parental income data and data on student visits to the library. Which individual data will be associated with the student's cumulative achievement index to determine the validity of the student's graduation predicate. One method that can be used is the K-Nearest Neighbor method. The K-Nearest Neighbor method is a method for classifying objects based on the training data that is closest to the object. This study aims to analyze the validity of the student graduation predicate based on individual data such as parental income data and student library visit data using the K-Nearest Neighbor method. The case study was conducted by taking data from the Adisutjipto Aerospace Technology Institute.
Improving Students Listening Comprehension Through Topdown Technique
Authors: Nasution Dina Syarifah
Published: March 2022

The research aims to measure the implementation of topdown technique on improving students ability at listening comprehension of grade XIak1 at SMKN 1 Panyabungan.The method of this research was Classroom Action Research. The participant in this classroom action research was 25 students of grade XIak1 at SMKN 1 Panyabungan. The instruments consisted of topdown technique, listening comprehension test, observation sheet, and interview, the data of this research was analyzed two method of data analysis. Quantitative data analyzed was used to examining and interpreting data from topdown technique and listening comprehension. The data taken from observation and interview was used qualitative data analysis. The research consisted  of  two cycles, before first cycles started, the researcher conducted pre test to know students listening comprehension real ability. First Cycle conducted after treatment  given, due to the result of first cycle doesn`t improve in all aspect. Researcher continued to second cycles at the end of cycle. Three result test to be compared to know students improvement in listening comprehension. The result shows that the topdown technique better improves the students ability at listening comprehension. Students score were obtained from total score of correct answer which is converted to Toeic conversion scale. The findings on this study proved that teaching listening applying topdown technique improved students` listening comprehension. Significance improvement particularly in students ability to answer listening part one; matching pictures with statement. Based on the result of the study topdown technique to be recommended for the teacher in Vocational High School ( SMK ) to improve students` listening comprehension.
Discharge Against Medical Advice in Emergency Department: Literature Review
Authors: Herlianita Risa , Wahyuningsih Indri
Published: March 2022

Discharge against medical advice (DAMA) can lead to death or morbidity. This study was conducted to examine research papers on discharge against medical advice in the emergency department. Method: The articles published between January 1, 2012, and January 31, 2022, from Scopus, Pubmed database, and Google Scholar were studied using literature review, data visualization tools, and sophisticated text analysis. As a result, 17 of the 20.095 scientific articles found were authored using the keywords discharge against medical advice AND emergency. This review occupied VOSviewer programs for creating a visualization of large sets of data to uncover keyword clusters and theme structures in titles, keywords, and abstracts. In the field of nursing, studies on DAMA are rather rare. The analyses showed three main themes namely overview DAMA, the impact, and the reason for DAMA. As a result, the findings can aid present and future research on this topic by providing information about the networks, trends, and contents of the literature.
Education Quality Improvement Through School Based Management
Authors: Tabroni Imam , Sari Rini Purnama , Salamah Ummu , Mulyani Sri
Published: March 2022

School-Based Management (SBM) is an attempt to improve the quality of education. This study aims to determine the process of preparation, planning, implementation, management and community participation as well as the factors supporting the achievement of integrated education. The method used in this study is a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques through observation and interviews. The subjects of this study were principals and teachers of the Cijantung Sukatani State Elementary School, Purwakarta. The results showed that the planning process in the implementation of School-Based Management (SBM) which includes the establishment of the School's Vision and Mission as well as the discipline carried out by every school member. The implementation of School-Based Management (SBM) at SD Negeri Cijantung is planned and can be implemented properly.
The Importance of Early Childhood Education in Building Social and Emotional Intelligence in Children
Authors: Tabroni Imam , Hardianty Dian , Sari Rini Purnama
Published: March 2022

This research is motivated by the presence of many people who have a high level of intelligence, but are less able to realize success in their lives, this is caused by social and emotional intelligence factors, not a few people who are less able to control impulses , are less able to manage stress with good, also less able to communicate well and less able to recognize and solve problems, and less able to adapt and so on. Seeing this, it is necessary to conduct a study of this incident by taking samples from various examples in the community who are currently or have undergone the process of educating their children. Researchers conducted surveys and asked questions with people around and got various kinds of responses that were quite diverse. To achieve this goal, this research uses qualitative-descriptive research methods with literature study techniques. The results of this study obtained data and facts that early childhood education () is very important in providing a stimulus in growing hidden potentials in children, namely the dimensions of child development, and one of them is social emotional development in early childhood.
Optimization Cultivating Character Values that Become Integrity Nation
Authors: Tabroni Imam , Nurkholis Islamiyah , Robiansyah Aldi
Published: March 2022

Rapid technological advances, whether we realize it or not, are slowly making people begin to ignore cultural values and traditions that have been handed down by their ancestors. In a basic paradigm, there are character values that should be imitated such as values, politeness, courtesy, togetherness, independence, and religiosity. The neglect of cultural values gives birth to an individualistic, materialistic, and hedonistic culture. As for the cultivation of a value foundation that has character in each individual, it should be instilled from an early age, which of course requires cooperation from various elements and support from the environment such as family, school and even the community. And the government has a role to build and instill a national character through the cultivation of character education which is applied to character education.
Potensi Eceng Gondok (Eichhornia Crassiper) Sebagai Kalorimetri Kation dan Anion
Authors: Sari Nurmala
Published: March 2022

One of the compounds contained in water hyacinth is delhinidine 3-diglucosin. The compound is a compound that has the potential as a sensor for cations and anions because it has active groups, namely OH- and O. This study used the maceration method, then several tests were carried out, which obtained a water content of 10.24% and an ash content of 14.67%. The solvatochromic test on distilled water, methanol and acetone showed that there was a bathochromic shift and a hipsochromic shift. Meanwhile, the ionochromic qualitative test showed that the identification of cations was better than the anion test. The cation results showed that in distilled water (Yellow), water hyacinth could identify Cu2+ and Fe3+ (Green), in methanol solvent (Green) for Fe3+ metal (Yellow) while in acetone solvent (Green) it could identify Pb2+, and Fe3+ ( Yellow).
Pengaruh Nilai Tukar dan Inflasi Terhadap Return Saham (Studi Kasus pada Perusahaan Retail)
Authors: Abdi Muhammad Nur , Suarni Agusdiwana , Agusnawan Diki
Published: March 2022

This study is a quantitative study to understand the effect of exchange rates and inflation on stock returns of retail companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange between 2018 and 2020. The population of this study were 26 retail companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. By using purposive sampling so that the sample for this study is 6 retail companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2018-2020 period. The type of data used in this research is quantitative data. In this study, the processed data is official data which is accessed through the IDX's official website (www.idx.co.id). The results show that, by applying the Statistical Package For the Social Science (SPSS) version 26, regarding the impact of exchange rates and inflation on stock returns of retail companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, using statistically calculated data, the authors conclude that the exchange rate has a negative and significant effect on stock returns of retail companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Inflation has no significant positive effect on stock returns of retail companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange.
Upaya Non Litigasi Dalam Penyelesaian Sengketa Penyerobotan Tanah
Authors: Isa Mohamad Jusuf Husain , Zakiah Nur , Ruslan Fitri Fuji Astuti
Published: March 2022

Non litigation efforts in dispute revolution of land invasions (study implementation of article 1 paragraph (10) law no. 30 in 1999 in the manuba village, malusetasi district, district of barru). In this paper, the authors raised the issue of Non-Litigation Efforts In Dispute Resolution of land invasions. The choice of the theme motivated by resolving disputes in court that takes a long time and certainly need much money, as well as the final result determine the losing and the winning side, because the principle of Indonesian society are conference and kinship. According to Article 1, paragraph (10) of Law no. 30 of 1999 on arbitration and alternative dispute resolution, then the public can choose dispute revolution through non-litigation dispute, namely mediation, negotiation, conciliation, consultation, and expert assessment. This thesis uses sociological and juridical approach this type of research is empirical legal research. The primary and secondary law materials that authors obtained will be analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis techniques. As a population are people who have experienced got a case of land invasions, the head of village, and advocate. Primary data collection technique is interview, while secondary data use library research. From the results of research by the method above, the authors obtained answers to existing problems that non-litigation efforts in the resolution of disputes in the village Manuba of land invasions in accordance with the wishes of the parties and ended in peace. Mediation in the dispute resolution process of annexation of land succeed in accordance with the wishes of the parties.
A study on frequency of western disturbances and precipitation trends over Jammu & Kashmir, India : 1980-2019
Authors: Ahmed Mukhtar , DAS BAPPA , LOTUS SONAM , ALI MAHBOOB
Published: March 2022

A study has been conducted on frequency of western disturbances (WDs) and variability of precipitation over J&K for the period 1980 to 2019. The frequency of WD’s from November to April during study period was determined and results showed that total 600 WD’s cases were observed during the period 1980-2019. It has been observed that on an average during the month of November and December, 2 moderate to severe WD’s cases were observed and 3 cases during January, February, March and April respectively. Trends of WD and Precipitation over different months were analyzed using Innovative trend analysis, Mekendal test and linear regression analysis. The analysis showed that WD frequencies showed decreasing significant trend (p<0.01) during November and March with slope values -0.610 and -2.748 respectively and increasing trends were observed during February with slope value 2.795 (p<0.01) and January with slope value 0.417 but were non significant. The results of the Mann–Kendall statistical tests for the monthly precipitation series over the period 1980-2019 showed significant decreasing trends for Kupwara in the month of December and March with a slope value  of  -2.450 and -2.947 mm/month respectively while Gulmarg station showed decreasing significant trends for the month of March with slope value of -6.947 mm/month. No significant trends were observed for other stations for different months although some stations showed increased trends while some showed decreasing trends. The results of  Innovative trend analysis showed that Gulmarg and Baderwah stations showed decreasing significant trends with slope ranging from -0.727 to -7.806 mm/month except February month (Baderwah) which showed increasing trend with slope 1.058 significant at p<0.01. Increasing trends were observed during February and april months over Kukernag station with slope 1.267 and 2.348 and decreasing trend during December and march. Banihal and Batote also showed increasing significant trends for the month of February with slope value 2.795 and 2,231 mm/month respectively. As shown, only Kupwara station had the significant decreasing trend in December and March with a slope of -1.746 and -4.116 mm/month respectively. All other stations had shown no significant trends. The correlation between average precipitation of all the stations and total WD frequency was done and results showed positively correlation between precipitation and WD frequency with R2 value 0.55.
Correlation Between Histopathological Findings, CD4 Counts, and Treponeme Quantity in Microscopic Sections and Secondary Syphilis in HIV Positive Individuals
Authors: Manzoor Mohammad , Amin Afreenish , Hussain Saman , Zia Rabeea , Sarwar Adnan , Shabir Muhammad Mahtab , Llah Inam-u , Mir Hina , Bangash Sudhair Abbas , Muthanna FAres
Published: March 2022

Syphilis is not common, although HIV-infected people are far more likely to be infected than the general population. This may be caused by weakened cellular immunity due to HIV infection. This study aimed to find out the correlation between CD4 concentration and T. Pallidum occurrence. Methods: A assessment of a single institution identified ten patients with secondary syphilis diagnosed through a skin biopsy, positive syphilis serology, and high CD4 levels. There were 14 samples obtained from 13 individuals. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect the presence of treponemes and CD4 levels in skin samples. These findings have also been compared with results obtained from detecting T. Pallidum by IHC in silver stain sections (Warthin-Starry). A comparison of the histological characteristics of each sample has also been made. IHC was used to determine the number of treponemes on the samples. Results: Silver stain had a sensitivity of 9 percent whereas IHC detected the treponemes at 64 percent. (p-value of 0.04). Spirochetes high incidence found only in people with less than 250 cells/ml of CD4 (>100 per 10 HPF). Conclusions: The utmost persistent histological outcome was low to highlympho-plasmocytic infiltration. However, this research did show that a high spirochete count is associated with a low CD4 count (less than 250 cells/ml). In comparison to Warthin-Starry staining results, IHC staining for T. palidum has shown superior results.
ANALISIS PERAN DINAS PERINDUSTRIAN DAN PERDAGANGAN PROVINSI SUMATERA UTARA TERHADAP USAHA KECIL MENENGAH BERBASIS EKONOMI KREATIF DI KOTA MEDAN
Authors: Suryani Ritonga Lilis , Qarni Waizul
Published: March 2022

Di era perdagangan bebas, tantangannya bukan hanya memiliki sumber daya manusia (SDM) yang siap kerja, tetapi juga mampu mempersiapkan dan menciptakan lapangan kerja baru. Sistem ekonomi kreatif diyakini mampu menjadi solusi dalam mengatasi masalah tersebut, sekaligus sebagai alternatif dalam menghadapi tantangan ekonomi global yang akan menggeser sistem ekonomi yang telah berjalan. Indonesia yang kaya akan budaya dan berpenduduk besar mempunyai potensi yang sangat besar dalam pengembangan ekonomi kreatif. Kedepannya, diharapkan SDM ini mampu menjadikan barang yang bernilai rendah menjadi barang yang bernilai tinggi dan berdaya jual. Tujuan dari peneliti ini adalah untuk mengkaji lebih mendalam, peran dinas perindustrian dan perdagangan provinsi sumatra utara terhadap usaha kecil menengah berbasis ekonomi kreatif mengingat Kota Medan memiliki potensi dan memiliki peluang yang besar untuk berkembangnya usaha kecil menengah. Dengan upaya yang telah diterapkan oleh Dinas Perindustrian dan Perdagangan Kota Medan melalui berbagai aktivitas seperti; (1) Penyelenggaraan pelayanan umum di bidang perindustrian dan perdagangan, (2) promosi IKM, (3) Perlindungan konsumen, (4) Pengelolaan dan pengembangan Pasar bagi IKM, dan (5) peran pembinaan untuk peningkatan keterampilan dan pengetahuan.
UTILIZING INDUCED MUTAGENESIS IN KAZAKHSTANI WHEAT BREEDING
Authors: Chunetova Zh. Zh. , Iskakova D. M. , Argynbaev Sh. M. , Ertayeva B. A.
Published: March 2022

Mutagenic effect of physical factors and chemical substances (aziridine or ethylene imine, nitrosoethylurea, nitrosoethyleneurea) leads to increase of the spectrum of hereditary variability for breeding purposes, which however is not studied in full extent. Ecological study of anthropogenic factors action leading to disruption of certain links between chemical elements and their combinations, raise of heavy metals concentration in soil, facilitate examination of mutagenic and toxic properties of heavy metals. Increase in wheat yields by improving its genotype is one of the most urgent problems of agriculture and economy. At present, using traditional methods of selection and genetic studies, such as backcross selection, distant hybridization, and experimental mutagenesis, increased efficiency of obtaining genetically modified and improved forms of wheat [1-5]. Heavy metals are defined as metals having a density higher than 5 g/cm3. Of the total 90 naturally occurring elements divided into three classes by the degree of their threat, 53 are considered heavy metals and few are of biological importance. Accumulation of heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd) in the environment is now becoming a major cause of environmental pollution. Toxic metals can inactivate proteins, shifting metal cofactors, blocking active centers or causing allosteric changes. Besides, large number of those possesses ability of inducing mutagenic changes, tumors and causing macroscopic changes. Molecular mechanism of heavy metals toxicity is not completely understood. Cd is non-essential element that negatively affects plant growth and development, released into the environment by power stations, heating systems, metal working industries or urban traffic, which has high cumulative effect with almost no biodegradation. In plants it affects such processes as stomata opening, transpiration and photosynthesis, consequently chlorosis, leaf rolls and stunting are the main symptoms of Cd toxicity in plants accompanied by root browning, leaf red-brownish discoloration. It can also reduce the absorption of nitrate from root to shoot by inhibiting the nitrate reductase activity in shoots. The negative effect of Cd on plant growth was accompanied by an increase in dry to fresh mass ratio in all organs. Several researches have suggested that an oxidative stress could be involved in cadmium toxicity, by either inducing oxygen free radical production, or by decreasing enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants [6-9]. On the other hand, the use of induced mutagenesis showed high efficiency in the production of forms with high yield, quality bakery, lodging resistance, modified plant height and resistance. And, this paper is an attempt of summarizing results performed by our group in this direction.
OPTIMIZATION OF THE MAIN DIRECTIONS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF ANIMAL HUSBANDRY IN KAZAKHSTAN BY THE BENCHMARKING METHOD
Authors: Sivolap V. N. , Il D. E. , Il E. N.
Published: March 2022

Animal husbandry has always been considered one of the main directions in the agricultural sector of Kazakhstan, being an integral element of the strategic food security of the state, providing employment and income generation for the population. One of the main indicators characterizing the well-being of the country is the consumption of livestock products per capita. Therefore, it is necessary to pay due attention to the qualitative development of agriculture, in particular the development of animal husbandry and increasing its efficiency.

Kazakhstan has great opportunities for the development of animal husbandry, this is due, first of all, to the country's natural competitive advantages, such as: favorable natural and climatic conditions, the availability of pastures, as well as the proximity of markets.

The purpose of the research was to optimize the main directions of development of animal husbandry in Kazakhstan using the benchmarking method. The processing of scientific and statistical material was carried out by the method of comparative analysis using benchmarking elements. The task of the research included the study of technical, economic and natural and climatic indicators characterizing the level of development of animal husbandry in the countries closest to Kazakhstan in terms of resource provision and climatic conditions. The article presents a comparative analysis of countries such as Mongolia and Canada, it should be noted that the selected objects of comparison are similar in terms of the specifics of the introduction of animal husbandry in Kazakhstan. Such an approach to solving the problem associated with the further development of animal husbandry based on benchmarking contains a certain element of novelty.

When calculating planned indicators, normative, calculation-analytical and optimization methods were used.
FIRST-CLASS RESOURCE-SAVING AND COMPETITIVE BUILDING MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS
Authors: Borangalikyzy D. , Imanov A. Zh. , Kuzhantayeva D. T. , Abdugaparov D. Zh.
Published: March 2022

The introduction of modern high-quality, environmentally friendly materials, products and structures in the field of construction will significantly reduce the consumption of materials and energy consumption of construction facilities and significantly increase the productivity of the construction sector. One of the modern directions of construction is the production of first-class, resource-saving building materials, products and structures, as well as the design and construction of buildings that combine the convenience of planning solutions, environmental friendliness and energy efficiency.
ENSURING THE SAFETY OF ROAD ACCIDENTS
Authors: Balgabekov T. K. , Aidarbek A. O. , Kongkybayeva A. N. , Nurman B. Q. , Mukasheva A. R.
Published: March 2022

There is an analysis of the mechanism of accidents and it shows that improving road conditions and improving the speed and braking properties of the car, stability and controllability does not increase the active safety of road traffic. These measures only move the boundaries within which the driver can drive safely. The parameters of quality of car operation, which characterize the traffic safety, have been determined. The values of car operation quality parameters that correspond to different levels of traffic safety have been defined. In order that the proposed parameters of quality of car operation can be used to control the safety of traffic modes by drivers and traffic police, the computer must be used to calculate these parameters as a standard residual of the car. The studies carried out made it possible to single out three indicators of the quality of driving a car, which characterize the safety of the driving mode: maximum speed is the ratio of the average speed to the maximum, called the speed coefficient, the standart deviation of the vehicle's longitudinal acceleration from the average value, which is called acceleration noise in the theory of traffic flows. The above indicators of the quality of driving are measured from the moment of the start of the trip.