bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seismic attribute benchmarking on instantaneous frequency
Authors: Xing Liyuan , Aarre Victor , Barnes Arthur E. , Theoharis Theoharis , Salman Nader , Tjåland Egil
Published: February 2019

The complex seismic trace analysis is a widely applied and versatile method for computing seismic attributes. Instantaneous frequency is an important complex trace attribute, and it is generally used for identifying specific seismic events, such as abnormal attenuation and thin bed tuning. Although the definition itself is clear, in practice, the calculation varies considerably and deviates from the definition. As a result, there is little consistency in the calculation of the instantaneous frequency. We thus adopt a robust and reliable scientific process to objectively compare various implementations of the instantaneous frequency. To this end, we start by reviewing four classic algorithms for instantaneous frequency computation and efficient approximations and point out several issues and weaknesses of these algorithms. Then, the theoretical foundation for the instantaneous frequency of the sum of two sinusoids is derived from the original definition. With the above foundations, two synthetic test data sets of seismic traces, with varying frequencies and fixed amplitudes, are generated. Their synthetic ground truth instantaneous frequencies are automatically calculated by an analytic formula. In addition, regions that exhibit algorithmically interesting issues are segmented from the whole data sets and considered specifically in the proposed quality metrics. The evaluation includes four classic noncommercial algorithms and four commercial software implementations. Their quantitative and qualitative results indicate the effectiveness of the synthesized data sets and the quality metrics for instantaneous frequency evaluations. It is hoped that the inclusion of instantaneous frequency in the free academic benchmarking web service A3Mark will help to improve instantaneous frequency algorithms throughout the industry.
Dip-angle image gather computation using the Poynting vector in elastic reverse time migration and their application for noise suppression
Authors: Liu Qiancheng
Published: February 2019

Angle-domain common-imaging gathers (ADCIGs) are important in analyzing the subsurface discontinuities where reflection waves take place. In elastic reverse time migration (ERTM), dip-angle ADCIGs can be computed postmigration via subsurface offset extension. We have obtained dip-angle ADCIG premigration in ERTM by using the Poynting vector, which was easy to compute during wavefield propagation. The reflection normal of PP imaging is the bisector of the scattering angle, whereas that of PS imaging is not. We derive formulas for PP and PS dip-angle estimations, respectively, with some straightforward vector operations. Similar to the subsurface-offset one, our method also outputs dip-angle ADCIGs with the appearance of blocky horizontal coherence. According to local semblance analysis, the signal with a better horizontal coherence promises a higher semblance score, and vice versa. We can thus design a specular filter to suppress incoherent noises according to their corresponding local semblance scores. We validate our methods with numerical examples. The Graben and Marmousi data sets show that our methods work effectively in dip-angle ADCIG computation and the following noise suppression in ERTM. We also examine our methods with one field data set.
Reliability of data-driven wavefront attributes in laterally heterogeneous media
Authors: Xie Yujiang , Gajewski Dirk
Published: February 2019

3D wavefront attributes play a major role in many processing steps, such as prestack data enhancement, diffraction separation, and wavefront tomography. For the determination of the 3D wavefront attributes, various stacking operators can be used by adopting semblance optimization. These operators are derived for laterally homogeneous media. In praxis, however, they are applied in real geologic environments with even strong lateral velocity variations such as salt structures. This leads to the question of the quality of the 3D wavefront attributes using these operators when determined in the presence of strong lateral velocity changes. We compared the 3D wavefront attributes determined by 3D common-reflection-surface (CRS) operator (called data-driven wavefront attributes) with the 3D wavefront attributes computed by 3D kinematic and dynamic ray tracing (called model-driven wavefront attributes). For the determination of the 3D CRS wavefront attributes, we have developed a global optimization scheme based on differential evolution. Reflection seismic data of the laterally heterogeneous 3D SEG C3WA salt model are considered, and the model-driven wavefront attributes are computed for a smoothed version of the 3D SEG salt model. The comparison reveals that the wavefront attributes for the normal-incidence-point ray indicate a very good match not only in areas of mild lateral velocity variation but even in regions with strong lateral velocity variations. Approximately 80%–90% of the total picks indicate the good match with a relative error of less than 10% when a semblance threshold of 0.1 is considered in the automatic picking process. This confirms the validity of the determined wavefront attributes even in the presence of strong lateral velocity changes. Using a higher semblance threshold in the automatic picking leads to fewer picks but with an even better match between model- and data-driven wavefront attributes.
Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy
Authors: Turk Katherine W. , Budson Andrew E.
Published: February 2019

PURPOSE OF REVIEW

This article provides a discussion on the current state of knowledge of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), with an emphasis on clinical features and emerging biomarkers of the condition.

RECENT FINDINGS

The results of several large brain bank case series among subjects with a history of contact sports or repetitive head trauma have indicated that a high frequency of CTE may exist in this population. However, the true prevalence of CTE among individuals with a history of head trauma remains unknown, given that individuals who experienced cognitive, behavioral, and mood symptoms during life are more likely to have their brains donated for autopsy at death and epidemiologic studies of the condition are lacking. Neuropathologic consensus criteria have been published. Research-based clinical criteria have been proposed and are beginning to be applied, but the definitive diagnosis of CTE in a living patient remains impossible without effective biomarkers for the condition, which is an active area of study.

The field of CTE research is rapidly growing and parallels many of the advances seen for other neurodegenerative conditions, such as Alzheimer disease decades ago.
Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia
Authors: Seeley William W.
Published: February 2019

PURPOSE OF REVIEW

This article describes the clinical, anatomic, genetic, and pathologic features of behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) and discusses strategies to improve diagnostic accuracy, emphasizing common pitfalls to avoid. Key aspects of management and the future of diagnosis and care for the disorder are highlighted.

RECENT FINDINGS

BvFTD is a clinical syndrome, not a disease. Patients with the syndrome share core symptoms that reflect degeneration within the most consistently affected brain regions, but accompanying features vary and reflect the precise topography of regional degeneration. The clinician must distinguish a bvFTD syndrome from psychiatric illness and other neurodegenerative syndromes that feature a prominent behavioral component. Antemortem prediction of pathologic diagnosis remains imperfect but improves with careful attention to the clinical details. Management should emphasize prevention of caregiver distress, behavioral and environmental strategies, symptom-based psychopharmacology, and genetic counseling.

BvFTD is an important and challenging dementia syndrome. Although disease-modifying treatments are lacking, clinicians can have a profound impact on a family coping with this disorder. Treatment trials are under way for some genetic forms of bvFTD. For sporadic disease, pathologic heterogeneity remains a major challenge, and ongoing research seeks to improve antemortem molecular diagnosis to facilitate therapeutic discovery.
The role of NF-κB and Elk-1 in the regulation of mouse ADAM17 expression
Authors: Wawro Karolina , Wawro Mateusz , Strzelecka Magdalena , Czarnek Maria , Bereta Joanna
Published: February 2019

ADAM17 is a cell membrane metalloproteinase responsible for the release of ectodomains of numerous proteins from the cell surface. Although ADAM17 is often overexpressed in tumours and at sites of inflammation, little is known about the regulation of its expression. Here we investigate the role of NF-κB and Elk-1 transcription factors and upstream signalling pathways, NF-κB and ERK1/2 in ADAM17 expression in mouse brain endothelial cells stimulated with pro-inflammatory factors (TNF, IL-1β, LPS) or a phorbol ester (PMA), a well-known stimulator of ADAM17 activity. Notably, NF-κB inhibitor, IKK VII, interfered with the IL-1β- and LPS-mediated stimulation of ADAM17 expression. Furthermore, Adam17 promoter contains an NF-κB binding site occupied by p65 subunit of NF-κB. The transient increase in Adam17 mRNA in response to PMA was strongly reduced by an inhibitor of ERK1/2 phosphorylation, U0126. Luciferase reporter assay with vectors encoding the ERK1/2 substrate, Elk-1, fused with constitutively activating or repressing domains, indicated Elk-1 involvement in Adam17 expression. The site-directed mutagenesis of potential Elk-1 binding sites pointed to four functional Elk-1 binding sites in Adam17 promoter. All in all, our results indicate that NF-κB and Elk-1 transcription factors via NF-κB and ERK1/2 signalling pathways contribute to the regulation of mouse Adam17 expression.
A theoretical framework for planar polarity establishment through interpretation of graded cues by molecular bridges
Authors: Fisher Katherine H. , Strutt David
Published: February 2019

Planar polarity is a widespread phenomenon found in many tissues, allowing cells to coordinate morphogenetic movements and function. A common feature of animal planar polarity systems is the formation of molecular bridges between cells, which become polarised along a tissue axis. We propose that these bridges provide a general mechanism by which cells interpret different forms of tissue gradients to coordinate directional information. We illustrate this using a generalised and consistent modelling framework, providing a conceptual basis for understanding how different mechanisms of gradient function can generate planar polarity. We make testable predictions of how different gradient mechanisms can influence polarity direction.
Tissue-type plasminogen activator regulates p35-mediated Cdk5 activation in the postsynaptic terminal
Authors: Diaz Ariel , Jeanneret Valerie , Merino Paola , McCann Patrick , Yepes Manuel
Published: February 2019

Neuronal depolarization induces the synaptic release of tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA). Cyclin dependent kinase-5 (Cdk5) is a member of the family of cyclin-dependent kinases that regulates cell migration and synaptic function in postmitotic neurons. Cdk5 is activated by its binding to p35, a membrane-anchored protein that is rapidly degraded by the proteasome. Here we show that tPA prevents the degradation of p35 in the synapse by a plasminogen-dependent mechanism that requires open synaptic N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) receptors. We show that tPA treatment increases the abundance of p35 and its binding to Cdk5 in the postsynaptic density (PSD). Furthermore, our data indicate that tPA-induced p35-mediated Cdk5 activation does not induce cell death, but instead prevents NMDA-induced ubiquitination of the postsynaptic density protein-95 (PSD-95) and the removal of GluR1-containing α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazoleproprionic acid receptors (AMPAR) from the PSD. These results show that the interaction between tPA and synaptic NMDA receptors regulates the expression of AMPA receptor sub-units in the PSD via p35-mediated Cdk5 activation. This is a novel role for tPA as a regulator of Cdk5 activation in cerebral cortical neurons.
A SEPT1-based scaffold is required for Golgi integrity and function
Authors: Song Kyungyeun , Gras Claudia , Capin Gabrielle , Gimber Niclas , Lehmann Martin , Mohd Saif , Puchkov Dmytro , Rödiger Maria , Wilhelmi Ilka , Daumke Oliver , Schmoranzer Jan , Schürmann Annette , Krauss Michael
Published: February 2019

Compartmentalization of membrane transport and signaling processes is of pivotal importance to eukaryotic cell function. While plasma membrane compartmentalization and dynamics are well known to depend on the scaffolding function of septin GTPases, the roles of septins at intracellular membranes have remained largely elusive. Here, we show that the structural and functional integrity of the Golgi depends on its association with a septin 1 (SEPT1)-based scaffold, which promotes local microtubule nucleation and positioning of the Golgi. SEPT1 function depends on the Golgi matrix protein GM130 (also known as GOLGA2) and on centrosomal proteins, including CEP170 and components of γ-tubulin ring complex (γ-Turc), to facilitate the perinuclear concentration of Golgi membranes. Accordingly, SEPT1 depletion triggers a massive fragmentation of the Golgi ribbon, thereby compromising anterograde membrane traffic at the level of the Golgi.
IFT25 is required for the construction of the trypanosome flagellum
Authors: Huet Diego , Blisnick Thierry , Perrot Sylvie , Bastin Philippe
Published: February 2019

Intraflagellar transport (IFT), the movement of protein complexes responsible for the assembly of cilia and flagella, is remarkably conserved from protists to humans. However, two IFT components (IFT25 and IFT27) are missing from multiple unrelated eukaryotic species. In mouse, IFT25 and IFT27 are not required for assembly of several cilia with the noticeable exception of the flagellum of spermatozoa. Here we show that the Trypanosoma brucei IFT25 protein is a proper component of the IFT-B complex and displays typical IFT trafficking. Using bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays, we reveal that IFT25 and IFT27 interact within the flagellum in live cells during the IFT process. IFT25-depleted cells construct tiny disorganised flagella that accumulate IFT-B proteins (with the exception of IFT27, the binding partner of IFT25) but not IFT-A proteins. This phenotype is comparable to the one following depletion of IFT27 and shows that IFT25/IFT27 constitute a specific module requested for proper IFT and flagellum construction in trypanosomes. Possible reasons why IFT25/IFT27 would be required for only some types of cilia are discussed.
PIKfyve complex regulates early melanosome homeostasis required for physiological amyloid formation
Authors: Bissig Christin , Croisé Pauline , Heiligenstein Xavier , Hurbain Ilse , Lenk Guy M. , Kaufman Emily , Sannerud Ragna , Annaert Wim , Meisler Miriam H. , Weisman Lois S. , Raposo Graça , van Niel Guillaume
Published: February 2019

The metabolism of PI(3,5)P2 is regulated by the PIKfyve, VAC14 and FIG4 complex, whose mutations are associated with hypopigmentation in mice. These pigmentation defects indicate a key but yet unexplored physiological relevance of this complex in the biogenesis of melanosomes. Here we show that PIKfyve activity regulates formation of amyloid matrix composed of PMEL protein within early endosomes, called stage I melanosomes. PIKfyve activity controls the membrane remodeling of stage I melanosomes that increases PMEL abundance and impairs its sorting and processing. PIKfyve activity also affects stage I melanosome kiss-and-run interactions with lysosomes that is required for PMEL amyloidogenesis and establishment of melanosome identity. Mechanistically, PIKfyve activity promotes the formation and membrane tubules from stage I melanosomes and their release by modulating endosomal actin branching. Together our data indicate that PIKfyve activity is a key regulator of the melanosomal import-export machinery that fine tunes the formation of functional amyloid fibrils in melanosomes and the maintenance of melanosome identity.
Η προσέγγιση της προσφυγικής κρίσης από τις ιστοσελίδες ενημέρωσης στην Ήπειρο
Authors: Νάκου Σοφία , Στεργίου Λήδα
Published: February 2019

Από το 2015 ένας σημαντικός αριθμός προσφύγων και μεταναστών διένυσε τα σύνορα της Ελλάδας  με προορισμό άλλες ευρωπαϊκές χώρες. Μικρό μέρος αυτού του πληθυσμού παρέμεινε στην Ελλάδα συσσωρευόμενο κυρίως στα νησιά εισόδου απ' όπου προοδευτικά μετακινείται προς την ενδοχώρα. Τον Μάρτιο του  2016, η Ήπειρος δέχτηκε τους πρώτους αιτούντες άσυλο με κύριες προελεύσεις τη Συρία, το Αφγανιστάν, το Ιράκ, το Πακιστάν και τη Σομαλία. Σκοπός της παρούσας μελέτης είναι η αποτύπωση του τρόπου με τον οποίο προσεγγίστηκε το ζήτημα της προσφυγικής κρίσης από τρεις ηλεκτρονικές σελίδες ενημέρωσης της Ηπείρου (Ιωαννίνων, Άρτας, Πρέβεζας) σε διάστημα 14 μηνών(από 01/01/16  μέχρι 31/03/2017). Βάσει ποσοτικής ανάλυσης περιεχομένου εξετάστηκαν 319 σχετικά "άρθρα"/αναφορές και διαπιστώθηκαν τα εξής: ο μεγαλύτερος αριθμός αναφορών εντοπίστηκε κατά την περίοδο της πρώτης άφιξης προσφύγων (Μάρτιος 2016) και κατά την έναρξη της συζήτησης για την εκπαίδευση των παιδιών (Σεπτέμβριος & Νοέμβριος 2016). Η πλειοψηφία των αναφορών  πλαισιώθηκε  περιπτωσιολογικά, χωρίς εστίαση στα αίτια της προσφυγικής κρίσης, ενώ μικρό μέρος τους πλαισιώθηκε θεματικά, δηλαδή με εστίαση στα αίτια της προσφυγικής κρίσης και στην  αντιμετώπιση του θέματος ως ευρωπαϊκού ζητήματος. Η θεματολογία κινήθηκε κυρίως γύρω από την κοινωνική αλληλεγγύη για τους πρόσφυγες και τις υποδομές φιλοξενίας, ενώ σε μικρότερο ποσοστό αφορούσε στην παραβατική συμπεριφορά των  προσφύγων.
Εκπαιδευτικά γλωσσικά σενάρια με αξιοποίηση ΤΠΕ: Μία ερευνητική μελέτη
Authors: Χειλάκη Αγγελική , Παπαδοπούλου Σμαράγδα
Published: February 2019

Στη συγκεκριμένη εργασία παρουσιάζεται ο σχεδιασμός και η υλοποίηση τριών πρότυπων εκπαιδευτικών σεναρίων για τη διδασκαλία της Νεοελληνικής Γλώσσας στην Πρωτοβάθμια Εκπαίδευση. Τα οποία έχουν ως ιδιαίτερο χαρακτηριστικό ότι αξιοποιούν τις ΤΠΕ κι έχουν σχεδιαστεί σύμφωνα με τρεις διαφορετικές διδακτικές προσεγγίσεις της διδασκαλίας της μητρικής γλώσσας. Απώτερος σκοπός της εν λόγω εργασίας είναι η συγκριτική μελέτη όλων των παραμέτρων και στοιχείων που λαμβάνουν χώρα κατά τη διαδικασία της γλωσσικής διδασκαλίας. Παρουσιάζονται τα αποτελέσματα της πειραματικής εφαρμογής των σεναρίων σε μια Ε΄ τάξη ενός Πειραματικού Δημοτικού Σχολείου με δείγμα 25 μαθητές. Η μεθοδολογία της συγκεκριμένης προσπάθειας επρόκειτο για σχεδιασμό έρευνας δράσης. Ο ερευνητικός αυτός σχεδιασμός είναι μεικτή μέθοδο τόσο ποιοτικής όσο και ποσοτικής έρευνας. Στο πλαίσιο της ποσοτικής έρευνας χρησιμοποιήθηκε η συγκεκριμένη ομάδα μαθητών ως πειραματική ομάδα και αναζητήθηκε μια δεύτερη ομάδα μαθητών ενός άλλου Πειραματικού Δημοτικού Σχολείου η οποία αποτέλεσε την ομάδα ελέγχου. Τα δεδομένα που συλλέχτηκαν μελετήθηκαν και αποδόθηκαν συγκριτικά.
Αυτοπροσδιορισμός των φοιτητών του Αριστοτελείου Πανεπιστημίου Θεσσαλονίκης: σπουδές και μετέπειτα εργασία.
Authors: Μπιρμπίλη Μαρία , Παπαοικονόμου Αντώνης
Published: February 2019

Η εργασία αυτή παρουσιάζει ένα μέρος μιας μεταδιδακτορικής έρευνας που διεξήχθη το φθινόπωρο του 2015 από το Τμήμα Πολιτικών Επιστημών του Αριστοτελείου Πανεπιστημίου Θεσσαλονίκης και αφορούσε την κοινωνικοποίηση των φοιτητών του Α.Π.Θ. Στη συγκεκριμένη ενότητα της έρευνας διερευνήθηκαν οι απόψεις των φοιτητών αναφορικά με τις επαγγελματικές τους επιδιώξεις μετά το πέρας των σπουδών τους. Προτάχθηκαν οι ιδιότητες που αφορούσαν την άποψή τους για την ιδανική εργασία, όπως τουλάχιστον την εννοούν οι ίδιοι και με βάση τις σπουδές τους, και κλήθηκαν να τις ιεραρχήσουν. Το σκεπτικό της έρευνας στηρίχθηκε στο θεωρητικό πλαίσιο του Frank Parsons (2010) και του Super (1953), ενώ χρησιμοποιήθηκε η μέθοδος της επισκόπησης. Κύρια ευρήματα της έρευνας είναι η υιοθέτηση εκ μέρους των φοιτητών ρεαλιστικότερων στόχων που προσιδιάζουν στην οικονομική και κοινωνική κατάσταση της χώρας τα τελευταία χρόνια. Επιπλέον παρατηρήθηκαν ορισμένες επιμέρους σχέσεις ανάμεσα στο φύλο και την κατεύθυνση των σπουδών.
Η βινιέτα ως εργαλείο ανίχνευσης των γνώσεων των μαθητών Δημοτικού Σχολείου για την αναπηρία
Authors: Λουάρη Μαρίνα
Published: February 2019

Η βινιέτα είναι εικόνα ή περιγραφή μιας κατάστασης ή ένα σενάριο που προκαλεί προβληματισμό και μπορεί να χρησιμοποιηθεί εκτός των άλλων  και ως ερευνητικό εργαλείο. Παρουσιάζει υποθετικές καταστάσεις και απευθύνει στους συμμετέχοντες ευθείες ερωτήσεις με σκοπό τη συλλογή δεδομένων που αφορούν ιδέες και αντιλήψεις. Το συγκεκριμένο εργαλείο, που χρησιμοποιήθηκε στο πλαίσιο της παρούσας έρευνας, αποτελούνταν από 12 εικόνες και κείμενα που στόχευαν στην εκτίμηση των γνώσεων των μαθητών, ως προς την έννοια «αναπηρία», πριν και μετά από την εφαρμογή ενός προγράμματος παρέμβασης που αφορούσε την ενημέρωση των μαθητών σε θέματα αναπηρίας. Στην έρευνα συμμετείχαν 364 μαθητές γενικών σχολείων (10 έως 12 ετών), στα οποία δεν υπήρχε μαθητής με αναπηρία. Η γενική επιλογή των μαθητών έγινε με επιλογή σχολικών μονάδων οι οποίες ήταν αντιπροσωπευτικές του μέσου αστικού πληθυσμού της περιοχής και όμορων περιοχών,  ώστε το κοινωνικο-οικονομικό και πολιτιστικό προφίλ των μαθητών/ριών να είναι περίπου όμοιο. Από την ανάλυση των δεδομένων  διαπιστώθηκε ότι οι μαθητές κατά κύριο λόγο συνδέουν την έννοια «αναπηρία» μόνο με την κινητική αναπηρία και φαίνεται να βρίσκονται σε σύγχυση όσον αφορά τα άλλα είδη αυτής, όπως στην περίπτωση των αισθητηριακών αναπηριών. Πιο ξεκάθαρη άποψη είχαν για τους μαθητές με σύνδρομο Down, καθώς τα χαρακτηριστικά του προσώπου ήταν εκείνα που κατεύθυναν τη σκέψη τους. Το χαμηλότερο ποσοστό σωστών απαντήσεων αφορούσε το παιδί με αυτισμό, καθώς λίγοι από  τους μαθητές τον αναγνώρισαν ως μαθητή με αναπηρία, εύρημα αναμενόμενο. Από τα αποτελέσματα μετά την παρέμβαση διαπιστώθηκε ότι οι συμμετέχοντες στην Πειραματική Ομάδα είχαν διαμορφώσει διαφορετική αντίληψη όσον αφορά την αναγνώριση των ατόμων με αναπηρία, δίνοντας σχεδόν σε όλες τις ερωτήσεις σωστή απάντηση.
Coronary artery disease, genetic risk and the metabolome in young individuals
Authors: Battram Thomas , Hoskins Luke , Hughes David A. , Kettunen Johannes , Ring Susan M. , Smith George Davey , Timpson Nicholas John
Published: February 2019

Background:Genome-wide association studies have identified genetic variants associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) in adults – the leading cause of death worldwide. It often occurs later in life, but variants may impact CAD-relevant phenotypes early and throughout the life-course. Cohorts with longitudinal and genetic data on thousands of individuals are letting us explore the antecedents of this adult disease.

Methods:148 metabolites, with a focus on the lipidome, measured using nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy, and genotype data were available from 5,907 individuals at ages 7, 15, and 17 years from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) cohort. Linear regression was used to assess the association between the metabolites and an adult-derived genetic risk score (GRS) of CAD comprising 146 variants. Individual variant-metabolite associations were also examined.

Results:The CAD-GRS associated with 118 of 148 metabolites (false discovery rate [FDR] < 0.05), the strongest associations being with low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and atherogenic non-LDL subgroups. Nine of 146 variants in the GRS associated with one or more metabolites (FDR < 0.05). Seven of these are within lipid loci: rs11591147PCSK9,rs12149545HERPUD1-CETP,rs17091891LPL,rs515135APOB,rs602633CELSR2-PSRC1,rs651821APOA5,rs7412APOE-APOC1.All associated with metabolites in the LDL or atherogenic non-LDL subgroups or both including aggregate cholesterol measures. The other two variants identified were rs112635299SERPINA1and rs2519093ABO.

Conclusions:Genetic variants that influence CAD risk in adults are associated with large perturbations in metabolite levels in individuals as young as seven. The variants identified are mostly within lipid-related loci and the metabolites they associated with are primarily linked to lipoproteins. Along with further research, this knowledge could allow for preventative measures, such as increased monitoring of at-risk individuals and perhaps treatment earlier in life, to be taken years before any symptoms of the disease arise.
Monitoring of Professionally Important Qualities of Students in the Conditions of Electronic Information and Educational Environment
Authors: Шевченко Г. , Shevchenko G. , Горовая В. , Gorovaya V. , Шевченко А. , Shevchenko A.
Published: February 2019

The article deals with the issues related to the pedagogical monitoring technology used in the system of vocational education to identify the success of the development of professionally important qualities of students. Attention is drawn to the fact that the monitoring provides the teacher and the student the opportunity to compare the planned and actual results, to identify hidden reserves and guidelines for successful work, on the basis of which it is possible to outline a program of further action. It is indicated that the monitoring technologies, such as testing, reveal not only the level of development of professionally important qualities of the student, but also their compliance with specifi c standards obtained by analyzing the methods of performing a number of special tasks. Positive trends in educational situations in the electronic information and educational environment entail positive changes in the success of the development of professionally important qualities of students.
The Tools of Realisation of the Distant Learning Technologies
Authors: Куликова Т. , Kulikova T. , Поддубная Н. , Poddubnaya N.
Published: February 2019

The article is related to the organization of educational process with the application of electronic training and distant learning technologies. The issues of establishing and functioning of the unifi ed electronic information and education environment including various instruments and training resources in the educational institution are considered. The means of information and communication technologies, in particular, educational integration platforms which can be used for the development, management and distribution of online materials as a part of the distant training courses are analyzed. The main criteria, essential when choosing the tools for the organization of electronic training are revealed. The analysis of the information development and the functionality of the educational integration platforms from the learning content management systems (LCMS) and the learning management systems (LMS) to up to date personal learning environment (PLE) and virtual learning environment (VLE) is carried out. The issues of the incorporation of the PLE and VLE tools into the LMS are considered, the ways of their integration are set forward.
Optimal Auction Design for Wi-Fi Procurement
Authors: Qiu Liangfei , Rui Huaxia , Whinston Andrew
Published: February 2019

The unprecedented growth of cellular traffic driven by the use of smartphones for web surfing, video streaming, and cloud-based services poses bandwidth challenges for cellular service providers. To manage the increasing data traffic, cellular service providers are experimenting with the use of third-party Wi-Fi hot spots to augment their cellular capacity. We develop an analytical framework to study the optimal procurement auction for Wi-Fi capacity. Such an auction design is complicated by the fact that Wi-Fi networks have much more limited spatial coverage compared with the cellular network. Neither a global auction that includes all Wi-Fi hot spots nor multiple local auctions that include only hot spots in each local Wi-Fi region is optimal. We find that the optimal mechanism is an integration of one global auction that includes hot spots from an endogeneously determined set of Wi-Fi regions and many separate local auctions that are only held in the rest of the Wi-Fi regions. To implement the optimal mechanism, we also provide an efficient algorithm whose computation complexity is of the order of the number of Wi-Fi regions. Our work contributes to the literature by designing the optimal mechanism for a unique type of IT procurement auction problem that is a tight integration of economics and computational technology.

The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2017.0742 .
Percepção ambiental de estudantes sobre seu bairro
Authors: Oliveira Lorena Macêdo A. N. de , Costa Larissa Maria de Menezes , Elali Gleice Azambuja
Published: February 2019

As políticas brasileiras, no campo da educação, estimulam a relação escola-bairro como parte importante do processo educativo, para o que entendemos ser fundamental valorizar tanto as características do ambiente sócio físico, quanto a experiência das pessoas que ali convivem. Com base nesse quadro geral, investigamos a percepção dos estudantes sobre os locais onde moram e estudam, explorando os limites do bairro e como situam a escola nesse contexto. Metodologicamente foram utilizados diários pessoais com solicitação do desenho de mapas e entrevistas realizadas durante caminhadas pela área. Participaram 23 estudantes (15 mulheres e 7 homens), com idades entre 13 e 17 anos, matriculados no 9º ano do ensino fundamental de uma escola pública do bairro Guarapes, Natal-RN. Os resultados mostram sua percepção sobre a setorização do espaço, a predominância de descrições gráficas relativas ao centro do bairro e dificuldades no reconhecimento de mudanças previstas para acontecerem naquela zona urbana.
Dimensões geosimbólicas do sexo tarifado entre homens: discussões provenientes de uma etnografia urbana
Authors: Hamann Cristiano , Pizzinato Adolfo , Rocha Kátia Bones
Published: February 2019

A presente comunicação tem por objetivo apresentar articulações teóricas e metodológicas, assim como os principais resultados de uma Dissertação de Mestrado em Psicología Social sobre prostituição de homens em Porto Alegre (RS / Brasil). Trata-se de uma pesquisa realizada em dois processos vinculados e indissociáveis: uma incursão de inspiração etnográfica pelos lugares de prostituição de homens na cidade e oito entrevistas narrativas com homens que se dedicam a prostituição, gerentes de estabelecimentos e promotores de festas. A Dissertação apresenta-se como resultado do exercício de produção de conhecimento em sintonia com os Estudos de Gênero, aderindo a uma perspectiva interseccional e em um processo de aproximação com a noção de Comunidades de Prática.
O papel ativo da criança em situações lúdicas na Educação Infantil
Authors: Silva Eloína Ariana Ribeiro Damasceno , Pereira Melina De Carvalho
Published: February 2019

Este estudo investigou o papel ativo da criança na Educação Infantil em interações lúdicas com pares de idade e situações lúdicas, dirigidas pelo educador. Parte-se de uma compreensão sociointeracionista do desenvolvimento e da brincadeira como contexto relevante para a observação do comportamento infantil (Carvalho, Pedrosa & Rossetti-Ferreira, 2012). Foram utilizadas videogravações, com crianças de 2 a 4 anos e os respectivos educadores em suas salas de aula, em dois Centros Municipais de Educação Infantil (CMEI) da cidade do Recife. Por meio de uma análise microgenética dos dados, observou-se a capacidade das crianças para se adaptar ativamente a situações e extrapolar o uso convencional de objetos, criando brincadeiras através do material disponibilizado pelo adulto, sendo flexíveis aos fatos ocorridos e até mesmo aos acontecimentos espontâneos. Percebeu-se que os pequenos exercitam seu papel ativo ao subverter a ordem da brincadeira, dos objetos e também a disposição dos equipamentos da sala, trazendo elementos presentes no seu cotidiano de forma criativa. Destaca-se a necessidade de se pensar em metodologias que enfatizem os pontos de vista da criança, considerando-a como construtora ativa de significações.
Análise em gênero, educação e tecnologias nas preferências e percepção de adolescentes em acesso à Internet
Authors: Giacometti-Rocha Erika , Mill Daniel
Published: February 2019

Em análise de correlação do uso intensivo da Internet em computadores, notebooks, tablets, celulares, constatou-se não existir relação considerável entre usar intensamente a Internet e ser homem ou mulher.  Entretanto, nas respostas sobre acesso de conteúdo, apareceu diferença significativa entre os gêneros. Em geral, chamou atenção o fato de mulheres adolescentes acessarem mais sobre beleza e menos sobre tecnologia em frequências de valores proporcionalmente inversos aos masculinos. Ao mesmo tempo acessam mais a Internet para estudar. Sob a leitura de Bourdieu, tentamos explicar essa diferença, embora não tenha sido possível apontar o caminho percorrido pelos adolescentes para chegar às preferências com base nos dados disponíveis. Contudo, questionados sobre quem lida melhor com tecnologias, a expressão das opiniões mostrou-se contraditória, diante das percepções do preconceito. Houve indicativo de autopercepção feminina negativa nessas respostas que pode explicar a fuga das mulheres da área de Ciência e Tecnologia. Em última instância, abre-se caminhos para educadores e pesquisadores pensar essa reprodução de estrutura social, baseada em gênero, manifesta nas escolhas dos sujeitos ao usar a Internet.
Consciência morfológica e ortografia. Uma relação para além da consciência fonológica?
Authors: Guimarães Silvia Brilhante , Mota Márcia Maria Peruzzi Elia da
Published: February 2019

Este estudo investigou a contribuição única da consciência morfológica em palavras com diferentes regras ortográficas no português do Brasil. Participaram do estudo 114 crianças do 2º e 4º ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola pública. As crianças foram avaliadas quanto ao seu conhecimento ortográfico por meio de um ditado de palavras com diferentes dificuldades ortográficas (regras contextuais, morfológicas e palavras irregulares), consciência fonológica, consciência morfológica e inteligência (verbal e não verbal). Os resultados mostraram que, para ortografia de palavras com regras contextuais, morfológicas e irregulares, a consciência morfológica tem uma contribuição pequena, mas independente da consciência fonológica. A contribuição da consciência fonológica foi maior nas palavras contextuais e morfológicas. Nas palavras com ortografias irregulares, a contribuição da consciência morfológica foi maior do que a fonológica. Esses resultados sugerem que o conhecimento explícito das unidades mínimas de significado na palavra pode ser uma habilidade chave para o desenvolvimento da ortografia.
Felicidade e religião em Freud: uma leitura crítica
Authors: Firmino Carlos Eduardo
Published: February 2019

O presente trabalho visa discutir a relação estabelecida por Freud entre religião e felicidade. Para tanto, utilizaremos como principal referência o ensaio O mal-estar na cultura, publicado em 1930. Neste ensaio, a partir do questionamento a respeito do "sentimento oceânico", assim nomeado por Romain Rolland, Freud insiste que a suposta felicidade disponível ao crente é resultado de um processo delirante de submissão. Em troca de algum alívio para seu sofrimento, o homem religioso se mantém numa eterna posição de infantilismo. Como possibilidade de superação de tal neurose infantil, Freud sugere um tipo de "educação para a realidade", na qual aprenderíamos a utilizar nossas energias na vida terrena, tornando a convivência humana mais suportável e, consequentemente, menos opressoras as regulações da cultura. Ao final, abordaremos a aposta religiosa como um recurso de felicidade, na medida em que ela, tal como a ciência defendida por Freud, é oriunda dos desejos do crente. Nesse sentido, discutiremos a plausibilidade da proposta freudiana de educação, e também se a religião, de fato, merece ser rechaçada ao modo escolhido pelo pai da psicanálise.
O conceito de comunidade: problematizações a partir da psicologia comunitária
Authors: Oberg Lurdes Perez
Published: February 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é propor uma discussão sobre o conceito de comunidade, a partir de uma perspectiva histórica e política. Entende-se, ainda, que a psicologia comunitária traz este debate na década de 70, favorecendo atividades científicas e práticas profissionais em contextos considerados como periféricos. Num primeiro momento, iremos apresentar comunidade em sua dimensão histórica, citando autores da sociologia clássica. Num segundo momento, discutiremos sobre a inserção deste conceito na psicologia social comunitária e, finalmente, problematizaremos as formas de comunidade presentes na contemporaneidade, tomando Bauman e Castells como referências. Espera-se, ainda, contribuir para uma visão não uniformizadora dos laços sociais e que se possa, com este estudo, alcançar práticas profissionais que considerem na relação subjetividade e objetividade, individualidade e coletividade, um trilhar para uma perspectiva ético-política na Psicologia.
EXPEDIENTE - v18n2
Authors: Soares Adriana Benevides , Tsallis Alexandra Cleopatre , Jacó Vilela Ana Maria , Mendes Deise Maria Fernandes , Quadros Laura Cristina De Toledo , Valentim Renata Patrícia Forain de , Darriba Vinicius Anciães
Published: February 2019

EXPEDIENTE - v18n2
Hemiepiphysiodesis using tension band plates: Does the initial screw angle influence the rate of correction?
Authors: Eltayeby H. H. , Iobst C. A. , Herzenberg J. E.
Published: February 2019

Purpose

When using tension band plates for angular deformity correction, the literature is unclear regarding the most effective screw insertion angle to use. This study evaluates the correlation between initial screw angle and the average rate of correction during hemiepiphysiodesis using tension band plates

Methods

This retrospective study includes 35 patients (47 physes) with genu valgum deformity (17 idiopathic and 18 fibular hemimelia) who underwent insertion of Eight-Plates between 2010 and 2015. Initial screw angle was determined from the intraoperative fluoroscopic images. Radiographs were obtained within three months of surgery, and follow-up films were obtained every three to six months. Change in mechanical lateral distal femoral angle, medial proximal tibial angle and screw angle was obtained from each follow-up radiograph. Initial screw angle was correlated with the average rate of correction during the entire treatment period. The average rate of angular correction during first and last follow-up periods was also compared.

Results

The relationship between the initial screw angle and the mean rate of angular correction was not statistically significant (p = 0.2). The rate of angular correction during the first follow-up period (mean of 4.7 months) was 0.86° per month compared with 0.71° per month during the last follow-up period (mean of 5.1 months).

Conclusion

Application of a tension band plate with a divergence angle ranging from 0° to 30° results in similar rates of angular correction. For surgeons inserting screw-plate tension band devices, there does not seem to be any necessity to make the screws parallel or divergent. We recommend that screw placement be anatomically correct, i.e. not impinging on the physis, rather than favouring any particular divergence angle.

Level of evidence

IV
The reliability of full-length lower limb radiographic alignment measurements in skeletally immature youth
Authors: Schmale G. A. , Bayomy A. F. , O'Brien A. O. , Bompadre V.
Published: February 2019

Purpose

Reliable radiographic measurement techniques are important for investigating limb alignments prior to and following paediatric anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. We investigated the inter- and intraobserver reliability of alignment measurements from lower extremity anteroposterior and lateral radiographs of adolescents having undergone transphyseal ACL reconstruction

Methods

A total of 15 of 90 patients who had undergone transphyseal ACL reconstruction were randomly selected for alignment measurements of radiographs of operative and nonoperative limbs. Radiographs were de-identified, randomized to three varying sequences and made available in electronic format to three blinded investigators: a junior orthopaedic resident, a senior orthopaedic resident and a paediatric orthopaedic attending. Coronal measurements comprised the mechanical lateral distal femoral angle (mLDFA), mechanical medial proximal tibial angle (mMPTA) and mechanical axis deviation (MAD), measured from standing teleoroentgenograms of the lower extremities. Tibial slope was measured on lateral knee radiographs of operative limbs. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated for each of the three coronal measures and for tibial slope.

Results

Intraobserver reliability was excellent across all measures (ICC > 0.75) except for tibial slope in one investigator's measurements (good or ICC = 0.68 for the operative limbs) and mLDFA in another investigator's measurements (fair or ICC = 0.49 for the operative limbs, and poor ICC = 0.27 for the nonoperative limbs). Interobserver reliability was excellent across all investigators for all measurements for operative and nonoperative limbs.

Conclusions

Radiographic measurements of lower extremity alignment may be reliably measured on teleoroentgenograms in a subset of youth who underwent transphyseal ACL reconstruction.

Level of Evidence

III
Clinical Utility of Mutant Antibody-Based Assays for Determination of Internally Cleaved and Intact Forms of Free Prostate-Specific Antigen
Authors: Khan Md. Ferdhos L , Soikkeli Minna , Routila Erica , Krannila Sandra , Terävä Joonas , Taimen Pekka , Boström Peter J , Pettersson Kim
Published: February 2019

Background

Subforms of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) have been a subject of intensive research, and use of multikallikrein immunoassays can add clinical value to the early detection of prostate cancer, overcoming known limitations of PSA. In this study, we evaluated mutant 4D4 (L3-2) antibody-assisted assay constructs against reference wild-type (wt)-4D4-based assays for determination of intact PSA (iPSA) and nicked PSA (nPSA) in plasma samples.

Methods

Perioperative plasma samples obtained from 105 men who underwent biopsy (73 cancer, 32 noncancer) were analyzed with sandwich immunoassays for total PSA (tPSA), free PSA (fPSA), iPSA (3 constructs), and measured nPSA (2 constructs). Calculated nPSA (CN) was obtained from total fPSA − iPSA.

Results

Mutant-assisted iPSA assays measured lower concentrations than the reference in both patient groups. CN separated the 2 groups with the iPSA using the mutant for capture (I-MC) performing the best (P = 0.008). In prostate volume group > median, only measured nPSA provided significant discrimination [area under the curve (AUC), 0.71; P = 0.016] but equally using mutant and wt antibodies. In the whole cohort, all ratios to tPSA performed well (AUC, 0.819–0.870; P ≤ 0.0001) with CN based on I-MC scoring highest (AUC, 0.870). Importantly, in the ≤ median volume group, the I-MC/F and CN(I-MC)/T ratios stand out as the best performing parameters (AUC, 0.825 and 0.861; P = 0.001 and P = 0.0003, respectively).

Conclusions

The new assay construct using the mutant 4D4 (L3-2) as a capture provides clear improvement in separating cancer from noncancer in all subgroups analyzed but especially in patients with prostate volume ≤ median.

Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT01864135.
Spectral and Thermal Studies of Some Nucleic Acid Complexes
Authors: Masoud Mamdouh S. , Fathalla Magda F. , A. Mohamed Rabah Hanem , Hassan Maisa S.
Published: February 2019

Barbituric acid, thiobarbituric acid and thiouracil complexes with sodium and potassium chlorides were prepared and characterized by UV in different solvents and IR experimentally and theoretically using B3LYP method and Gaussian program. The composition of the studied complexes was also confirmed by elemental and thermal analysis, TG, DTA and DSC techniques to determine thermodynamic parameters (Ea, ΔH, ΔS and ΔG). The negative value of entropy of activation indicated the fragments have ordered structures than undecomposed complexes. The positive values of enthalpy of activation of the decomposition stages indicated that the process is endothermic. The positive values of free energy of the decomposition indicated non-spontaneous process. Evaluation of kinetics parameters were done. The isokinetic temperature β is 407 K, which is lower than experimental temperature range, confirming the processes is entropy control. However, the plots of ΔH versus ΔS for the complexes under investigation gave straight line indicating a close similarity in the mechanism.
Synthesis of Some Hippuric Acid Substrate Linked Novel Pyrazoles as Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Verma Anil , Kumar Vinod , Khare Rajshree , Singh Joginder
Published: February 2019

Escalating resistance of microorganisms to the currently accessible antimicrobial drugs has forced to synthesize some novel biologically active compounds as efficient alternates via economical substrates. Hence, hippuric acid was used as one of the starting materials to synthesize pyrazole derivatives. All the synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, NMR (1H & 13C) and mass spectral data. The antimicrobial potential of synthesized compounds has been explored against four bacterial and two fungal strains. Among the 12 compounds, 3 compounds 8j, 8k and 8l were found to exhibit prominent antimicrobial potential as compared with the standards ciprofloxacin and amphotericin-B.
Synthesis and Characterization of Cobalt(II) Complexes with Hemilabile P^N Donor Ligands
Authors: Gogoi Rajjyoti , Pathak Chandan , Borah Geetika
Published: February 2019

Two cobalt(II) complexes viz. CoCl2{PPh2(p-C6H4NMe2)}2 (C1) and CoCl2(PPh2Py)2 (C2) were synthesized by reacting CoCl2·6H2O and 4-(dimethylamino)phenyldiphenylphosphine and diphenyl-2-pyridylphosphine ligands, respectively. The complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, UV-visible and electronic spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopic technique. Both the complexes were found stable at room temperature. EPR measurements and UV-visible spectra analysis of C1 and C2 are consistent with a tetrahedral Co(II) and tetragonally distorted octahedral Co(II) ions, respectively.
Regioselective Three Component Domino Synthesis of Polyhydrospiro[indoline-3,3'-pyrrolizine]-2-one via [3+2] Cycloaddition Reaction
Authors: Tripathi Vishwa Deepak , Shukla Akhilesh Kumar , Mohammed Hasan Shamran
Published: February 2019

In present work, we have reported the synthesis and characterisation of novel hexahydrospiro[indoline-3,3′-pyrrolizine]-2-one derivatives in good to excellent yields via [3+2] cycloaddtion reaction in regioselective manner. These compounds were synthesized via multicomponent reaction of substituted 3-cinnamoyl-4-hydroxy-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2-one, isatin, L-proline at room temperature. All the synthesized hexahydrospiro molecules were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR, IR spectra, mass spectra and elemental analysis. Regioselectivity in synthesized molecules were also explained on the basis of secondary orbital interactions. A simple and facile methodology is developed which has great importance in synthetic chemistry.
Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Fiber Reinforced Styrene-Ethylene-Butylene-Styrene (SEBS) Composite Doped with CuO, MgO and ZnO Nanoparticles
Authors: Ravichandran S. , Murugesan S. , Ramalingam G.
Published: February 2019

In the present study, the mechanical properties of nano-metal oxides on styrene-ethylene-butylenestyrene (SEBS) fiber nanocomposites fabricated using thermal compression method. SEBS reinforced fiber nanocomposites exhibit better mechanical properties to develop a polymeric composite which shows various prospective applications in construction of buildings, automotive, aerospace and packaging industries. The mechanical properties of composites are influenced by the adhesion between polymer matrix, fiber and nano filler. It is found that the addition of CuO metal oxides on SEBSepoxy resin-fiber composite improves the tensile strength whereas it decreases with ZnO nano-phase system.