bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS KELAYAKAN FINANSIAL USAHATANI PEPAYA CALIFORNIA (Carica papaya L.) (STUDI KASUS DI KELOMPOK TANI LUGINA DESA CIDOLOG KECAMATAN CIDOLOG KABUPATEN SUKABUMI)
Authors: Hidayat Rian
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini betujuan untuk mengetahui keragaan usaha, kelayakan finansial dan sensitivitas usahatani Pepaya California. Metode penentuan responden menggunakan Cluster Random Sampling. Jumlah petani responden yang digunakan yaitu 20 orang. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis NPV, IRR, Net B/C, PP, dan uji sensitivitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukan keragaan usaha Pepaya California di kelompok tani Lugina yaitu: sumber modal yang digunakan petani sebesar 100% modal sendiri. Kriteria luas lahan usaha tani dibedakan menjadi dua yaitu skala I dengan luas lahan 0,5 ha, sedangkan skala II dengan luas lahan 1 ha. Adapun status kepemilikan lahan yang dimanfaatkan petani 100% milik sendiri. Hasil yang diperoleh pada usaha tani skala I dengan luas lahan 0,5 ha, sedangkan skala II dengan luas lahan 1 ha, hasil analisa usaha taninya dinyatakan layak. Hasil analisis finansial dilakukan melalui perhitungan cashflow. Hasil perhitungan NPV lebih besar dari 0 yaitu skala I sebesar Rp.10.560.290 dan skala II sebesar Rp.35.869.202. Nilai Net B/C lebih dari 1 yaitu skala I sebesar 1,55 dan skala II sebesar 2,49. Nilai IRR yang dihasilkan pada skala I sebesar 46% dan skala II sebesar 108% lebih besar dari discount rate yang digunakan yaitu suku bunga Bank BRI sebesar 7%. Perhitungan payback period menghasilkan waktu pengembalian  usaha tani pada skala I yaitu 2 tahun 6 bulan dan skala II yaitu 2 tahun 8 bulan, hal ini dinyatakan layak secara finansial, sebab waktu pengembalian investasi dibawah umur bisnis yaitu 3 tahun. Adapun hasil  analisis sensitifitas menunjukkan bahwa usaha tani Pepaya California tidak sensitif terhadap perubahan kenaikan harga pupuk sebesar 3%., dan usaha tani ini baru sensitif pada perubahan penurunan harga produksi sebesar 5% dan penurunan jumlah produksi sebesar 10%.
PEMANFAATAN DAUN KELOR SEBAGAI CAMPURAN OLAHAN MAKANAN DAN MENGANTISIPASI VIRUS COVID-19
Authors: Lubis Sitirahmadani , M. ALIF ALFARUQI  , Aan Kriswana Fasha  , Manurung Nurul Intan
Published: September 2021

Moringa leaves can be processed in various food and beverage products such as clear vegetables, juice, omelette, chips, nastar, donuts, bakwan and Moringa leaf noodles. In addition, Moringa leaves can be processed as herbal froods. Currently, with the covid-19 pandemic conditions around the world, many alternative herbal ingredients are consumed by the public to increase body nutrition in order to prevent transmission of the virus, one of which is Moringa leaves. Moringa plants are high in nutrients, such as vitamin C, calcium, vitamin A, potassium, and protein. The purpose of implementing this KKN activity is to provide information and, to provide assistance to the community in utilizing Moringa plants to prevent Covid-19, as well as to improve community skills in making Moringa herbal food to prevent Covid-19. This KKN was held at the in Air Joman Village, with a series of activities including the socialization of the importance of Moringa leaves, the preparation of raw materials for making herbal moringa foods, and the practice of manufacturing Moringa leaf herbal food products. The results of this activity were the socialization of the use of Moringa leaves as a way to increase immunity in order to prevent viruses and the practice of making Moringa leaf tea with village head, students and lecturers at Air Joman Village.

Keywords: herbal food; moringa leaves; prevents covid-19
Production and physical-mechanical properties of amorphous microwires and microcoils
Authors:   A.A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science RAS, Molokanov V.V. , Moroz O.V. ,   Medical Research and Educational Center, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Krutilin A.V. ,   A.A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science RAS, Palii N.A. ,   A.A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science RAS, Umnov P.P. ,   A.A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science RAS, Chueva T.R. ,   A.A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science RAS, Kolmakov A.G. ,   A.A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science RAS, Simakov S.V. ,   A.A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science RAS
Published: September 2021

The peculiarities of production and the physical-mechanical properties of amorphous microwires and microcoils made of alloys based on iron and cobalt, which determine advantages of such materials as compared with existing analogs, have been analyzed. The prospects of their application in medicine, microelectronics, as products and elements of promising technology are considered.
Influence investigation of technological conditions of 3D-printing on antiadhesion properties of master-model surfaces
Authors:   Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI), Dvoryankin A. O. , Nefyolov I. S. ,   Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI), Baurova N. I. ,   Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI)
Published: September 2021

It is shown that one of the promising methods to prepare a master-model for the casting production of engineering industry products is FDM 3D-printing. The influence of technological conditions of 3D-printing on antiadhesion properties of surfaces has been studied. By experiments it was found out that for 3D-printing of master-models it was necessary to have conditions in which the parameter of filling percent was more than 60%. Recommendations for the use of 3D-printing methods for production of casting molds are given.
Socio-demographic characteristics of medical personnel in parental aid institutions
Authors: Kotelevets Elena P. , Kiryushin Valerij A.
Published: September 2021

The article examines the socio-demographic indicators of professional groups of medical workers, some factors of job satisfaction. Purpose of the study - socio-demographic characteristics of medical personnel in obstetric institutions for the further development of scientifically based recommendations on the formation of health-preserving behavior. The research was carried out by means of anonymous questionnaires on the basis of obstetric institutions of the second and third levels. Ryazan, Kolomna, Lipetsk, Smolensk. The study involved doctors (obstetricians-gynecologists, neonatologists) and nurses (midwives, anesthetics nurses, ward nurses). The study showed that about half of the respondents in medical professions, one tenth in the professional groups of nursing staff belong to the age category under 30 years old. The age group of 30-39 years is represented by doctors and mid-level medical personnel in almost equal proportions. In the age group 40 years and older, representatives of the nursing professions prevail. A significant part of the respondents are medical professions, have work experience in their specialty from 5 to 9 years; representatives of nursing professions, mainly, have work experience of 10-14 years and more than 15 years. In the families of nursing staff (nurse anesthetists and ward nurses), one can note dissatisfaction and incomplete satisfaction with the level of wages and lack of confidence in the future. The revealed dissatisfaction with work can lead to a decrease in motivation to perform professional duties. Socio-demographic characteristics are basic and serve as the basis for further hygienic and statistical studies, identifying correlations between unfavorable hygienic factors (physical inactivity, prolonged static load, local overstrain of certain muscle groups, exposure to physical, chemical and biological factors, psychoemotional and informational stress).
Incidence of COVID-19 in outpatient healthcare workers
Authors: Suslin Sergey A. , Sirotko Maiia L. , Bochkareva Marina N. , Babanov Sergey A.
Published: September 2021

Currently, work in any medical organization carries a risk of coronavirus infection, and, first of all, this applies to medical organizations dealing with the treatment of patients infected with coronavirus. Medical workers are a group at increased risk of infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus in the provision of medical care in modern conditions, which determines their incidence of COVID-19 [1-3]. The aim of the study is to explore the prevalence of cases of COVID-19 infection in medical workers providing medical care on an outpatient basis. Materials and methods. The analysis of the incidence of COVID-19 medical workers in one of the large medical organizations of the Samara region during the period of the pandemic was carried out. The medical staff of the medical organization includes 207 doctors. There are 11 subdivisions in the structure of the medical and prophylactic institution. Research methods: content analysis of the modern regulatory framework (2020-2021), statistical, expert. For the period from May 2020 to March 2021 71 cases of infection of medical workers on an outpatient basis with SARS-CoV-2 were identified, of which 32 doctors (45%) and 39 people (55%) nurses. Based on the results of the expert assessment, the insurance nature of the infection case was established in 50 people (70%). Among the medical and nursing categories of medical workers, the largest number of cases was made by doctors and nurses of primary contact - specialists of the district service: general practitioners (40%), pediatricians (32%), doctors - obstetricians-gynecologists (12%), nurses adults (76%) and children (20%) polyclinic departments. A third of health workers received inpatient treatment for severe COVID-19, an average of 60 days. Conclusion. Medical workers are a risk group of COVID-19 who need support measures, since the possibility of occupational infection has been sufficiently proven, and the risk probably depends on the work performed and the conditions of direct contact of medical personnel, which requires further study in the current persisting epidemic conditions.
Gender Involvement in Contemporary Economic Activities of Manide Tribe in Jose Panganiban, Camarines Norte, Philippines: Basis for Capacity Development Program
Authors: C. Azuelo Maria Cristina , A. Mabeza Ma. Reina
Published: September 2021

This descriptive quantitative research study was conducted to determine the gender involvement in the Manide Tribe's contemporary economic activities and formulate a capacity development program for Mamanide people to acquire knowledge and uplift their economic condition. Findings reveal that the 53 Mamanide respondents, obtained by complete enumeration, are involved in contemporary economic activities like the external labor market for males and the sale of agricultural products for females. The majority of females are involved in saving and storing compared to males. Both respondents are interested in buying basic needs and producing crops and farm products. Their very high level of gender involvement has been accounted for in the external labor market, spending, and production; however, in saving and storing, the male has no involvement while the female has a high level of involvement. As to the contributing factors, the social, economic, environmental, and political factors have a very high contribution to the changes in their economic systems. The study identified areas that need to be addressed through the formulation and implementation of the Capacity Development Program.
What are the odds? Poor compliance with UK loot box probability disclosure industry self-regulation
Authors: Xiao Leon Y. , Henderson Laura L. , Newall Philip Warren Stirling
Published: September 2021

Loot boxes are purchased in video games to obtain randomised rewards of varying value and are thus psychologically akin to gambling. Disclosing the probabilities of obtaining loot box rewards may reduce overspending, in a similar vein to related disclosure approaches in gambling. Presently, this consumer protection measure has been adopted as law only in the People’s Republic of China (PRC). In other countries, the videogaming industry has generally adopted this measure as self-regulation. However, self-regulation conflicts with commercial interests and might not maximally promote public welfare. The loot box prevalence rate amongst the 100 highest-grossing UK iPhone games was 77% in mid-2021. The compliance rate with probability disclosure industry self-regulation was only 64.0%, significantly lower than that of PRC legal regulation (95.6%). In addition, UK games generally made insufficiently prominent and difficult-to-access disclosures both in-game and on the game’s official website. Significantly fewer UK games disclosed probabilities on their official websites (21.3%) when compared to 72.5% of PRC games. Only one of 75 UK games (1.3%) adopted the most prominent disclosure format of automatically displaying the probabilities on the in-game purchase page. Policymakers should demand more accountable forms of industry self-regulation or impose direct legal regulation to ensure consumer protection.
Nelayan Tradisional dan Modernisasi: Potret Masyarakat Pesisir di Pulau Selayar
Authors: Ahmadin
Published: September 2021

Dinamika Masyarakat nelayan (pesisir) pada berbagai daerah di Nusantara, merupakan bagian integral tak terpisahkan dari sejarah Indonesia. Banyak persoalan muncul di sektor ini, yang memberi warna pada setiap lekuk waktu serta mencipta ornamen sosial-budaya yang menarik dikaji. Meskipun demikian, sejauh ini kajian tentang nelayan umumnya masih dilakukan dengan pendekatan ekonomi, ekologi, sosiologi, serta jenis ilmu sosial lainnya. Buku ini mengkaji masyarakat Nelayan dengan pendekatan sejarah sosial yang memotret perjalanan kehidupan masyarakat, mulai dari karateristik sosialnya yang masih berciri tradisional hingga kehidupan modern ditandai oleh penggunaan teknologi mutakhir.
Measurement practices in hallucinations research
Authors: Smailes David , Alderson-Day Ben , Hazell Cassie M , Wright Abigail Christine , Moseley Peter
Published: September 2021

Introduction: In several sub-fields of psychology, there has been a renewed focus on measurement practices. As far as we are aware, this has been absent in hallucinations research. Thus, we investigated (a) cross-study variation in how hallucinatory experiences are measured and (b) the reliability of measurements obtained using two tasks that are widely employed in hallucinations research.Method: In Study 1, we investigated to what extent there was variation in how the Launay-Slade Hallucination Scale (LSHS) has been used across 100 studies. In Study 2, we investigated the reliability of the measurements obtained through source monitoring and signal detection tasks, using data from four recent publications. Materials are available at doi.org/10.17605/osf.io/d3gnk .Results: In Study 1, we found substantial variation in how hallucinatory experiences were assessed using the LSHS and that descriptions of the LSHS were often incomplete in important ways. In Study 2, we reported a range of reliability estimates for the measurements obtained using source monitoring and signal discrimination tasks. Some measurements obtained using source monitoring tasks had unacceptably low levels of reliability. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that suboptimal measurement practices are common in hallucinations research and we suggest steps researchers could take to improve measurement practices.
Responses in left inferior frontal gyrus are altered for speech-in-noise processing, but not for clear speech in autism
Authors: Schelinski Stefanie , von Kriegstein Katharina
Published: September 2021

People with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often have difficulties with recognising what another person is saying in noisy conditions such as in a crowded classroom or a restaurant. The underlying neural mechanisms of this speech perception difficulty are unclear. In typically developed individuals, three cerebral cortex regions are particularly related to speech-in-noise perception: The left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), the right insula and the left inferior parietal lobule (IPL) (Alain et al., HBM, 2018). Here we tested whether responses in these cerebral cortex regions are altered in speech-in-noise perception in ASD. 17 adults with ASD and 17 typically developing controls (matched pairwise on age, sex and IQ) performed an auditory-only speech recognition task during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Speech was presented either with noise (noise condition) or without noise (no noise condition, i.e., clear speech). In the left IFG, blood-oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) responses were higher in the control compared to the ASD group for recognising speech-in-noise in comparison to clear speech. In the right insula and left IPL both groups had similar response magnitudes for the contrast between speech-in-noise and clear speech recognition. Additionally, we replicated previous findings that BOLD responses in speech-related and auditory brain regions (including bilateral superior temporal sulcus and Heschl’s gyrus) for clear speech were similar in both groups. Our findings show that in ASD, the processing of speech is particularly reduced under noisy conditions in the left IFG. Dysfunction of the IFG might be important in explaining restricted speech comprehension in noisy environments in ASD.
Assessing Point Forecast Bias Across Multiple Time Series: Measures and Visual Tools
Authors: Davydenko Andrey , Goodwin Paul
Published: September 2021

Measuring bias is important as it helps identify flaws in quantitative forecasting methods or judgmental forecasts. It can, therefore, potentially help improve forecasts. Despite this, bias tends to be under represented in the literature: many studies focus solely on measuring accuracy. Methods for assessing bias in single series are relatively well known and well researched, but for datasets containing thousands of observations for multiple series, the methodology for measuring and reporting bias is less obvious. We compare alternative approaches against a number of criteria when rolling origin point forecasts are available for different forecasting methods and for multiple horizons over multiple series. We focus on relatively simple, yet interpretable and easy to implement metrics and visualization tools that are likely to be applicable in practice. To study the statistical properties of alternative measures we use theoretical concepts and simulation experiments based on artificial data with predetermined features. We describe the difference between mean and median bias, describe the connection between metrics for accuracy and bias, provide suitable bias measures depending on the loss function used to optimise forecasts, and suggest which measures for accuracy should be used to accompany bias indicators. We propose several new measures and provide our recommendations on how to evaluate forecast bias across multiple series. /// Note: This is the final version of the paper, which appeared in the International Journal of Statistics and Probability. The first draft of this paper was uploaded to Preprints.org on 11 May, 2021: https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202105.0261.v1 /// Copyrights: This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Informational Value of Dividend Initiations: Impact of Cash Dividends on Share Prices of Manufacturing Companies in Sri Lanka
Authors: Charith Krishnamoorthy , Davydenko Andrey
Published: September 2021

The shareholder wealth consists of dividends and capital gains. The former is considered to be risk averse, whereas the latter is perceived to be risky. The risk return trade off in these two returns drives the investor preference. The objective of a for profit organization is to maximize shareholders’ wealth, however, disbursing dividends may not always be in the best interest of shareholders. Theoretically, retained earnings increase share prices as firms have more funds to be invested. The objective of the study is to measure the stimulus of cash dividends on share prices. We conduct empirical analysis based on data relating to companies listed on the Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE) under the manufacturing sector. As we show in our literature review, in order to reduce the risk of obtaining spurious results, this analysis requires the use of advanced modelling techniques allowing to model non stationarity of time series, as well the presence of control variables and lagged variables. The novelty of our study is in the use of advanced modelling and data visualisation techniques (including the ‘xdPlot’ dataviz framework recently proposed by the authors), especially in application to CSE data. We conduct a thorough exploratory data analysis (EDA) aiming to spot data anomalies and initiate appropriate data transformations. Given the results of EDA and the nature of the data available, we select the Arellano Bond estimator as the most adequate method for regression analysis. Market Price per share (MPS) termed as the dependent variable, whereas Dividend per Share (DPS) is viewed as the independent variable. The results validated theoretical literature such as signaling effect and bird in hand theory, but questioned some previous empirical studies. The study validated cash dividends as stimulus to investors given the positive relationship between DPS and MPS. /// Copyrights: This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Prevalence of Protective Measures and Accident Among Motorcycle Riders with Road Safety Compliance in a Nigerian Semi-Urban Community
Authors: Afelumo OL , Abiodun OP , Sanni FO
Published: September 2021

Introduction: The operation of commercial motorcycles has eased transport difficulties, but an increased rate of road traffic collisions, injuries, and deaths deserve attention. This study aimed to evaluate compliance with road safety preventive measures and accident prevalence among motorcycle riders in Ado-Odo Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria.

Methods: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional survey that employed a structured questionnaire for collecting information related to compliance to protective measures and accident prevalence. A stratified random sampling technique was used to identify respondents from 20 motorcycle parks. Also, a multistage probability sampling method was used to select 374 respondents from all motorcycle parks listed. Data analysis was done using IBM-SPSS version 25.0

Results: Of the 374 respondents, 69.0% owned motorcycles and 31.0% hired/rented theirs. Less than half (45.7%) of all riders were aware of the implications (health, financial, and psychological) of a motorcycle accident (MCA). Only 39.5% of owners and 59.5% rented/hire knew the implications (p<0.001). Helmet use was significantly higher among owners (76.4%) than hired/rented (55.2%), p<0.001. More owners (70.9%) had protective jackets than rented/hired (57.8%) (p<0.05). Availability of bright/reflective clothing was poor (45.7%) though significantly higher among owners (50.0%) than rented/hired (36.2%) (p<0.05). Overall accident prevalence was 45.2%, significantly higher among rented/hired riders (56.0%) than owners (40.3%) (p<0.005). Respondents aged 18-24 years were more involved in MCA (52.9%) than the other age groups (p<0.05). Respondents with no formal education had more accidents (73.1%) than the educated (p<0.001).

Conclusion: The knowledge of the consequences of motorcycle accidents was limited among motorcycle riders in Ado-Odo, and the prevalence of accidents was significantly higher among riders who rented/hired motorcycles than owners. Therefore, there is a need for accident documentation and cost implication of motorcycle accidents in the local government areas; this will help policymakers design intervention programs. Also, there is a need for regular training of the riders on road safety measures and the associated benefits.
Time for a New Sinai Map?
Authors: Shams Ahmed
Published: September 2021

Il est temps qu’une nouvelle carte vienne compléter le relevé britannique du Sinaï, inachevé depuis 150 ans. À la fin du 19esiècle et au début du 20esiècle, le passage de l’individualité à institutionnalisation (chez les autorités responsables des levés) et la transformation du sud de l’histoire (biblique) en nord géopolitique (champ de bataille) conduisent à la détérioration des données cartographiques. Ces deux faits, révélés par le groupe Sinai Peninsula Research (SPR) à la suite de vingt années de travail de terrain, soulèvent une question cruciale sur la réalité des cartes postcoloniales au Moyen-Orient. Ils contredisent, en effet, le présupposé géopolitique selon lequel la péninsule est une région bien cartographiée, du fait de la production intensive de cartes par différentes autorités coloniales (pendant leur mandat) et postcoloniales (nationales : britanniques, étatsuniennes, soviétiques, israéliennes et égyptiennes). En fait, peu de ces cartes sont fondées sur des levés de terrain, ce qui a des conséquences à plusieurs niveaux, dans la mesure où l’absence de compatibilité entre les données cartographiques ne permet pas de prendre des décisions éclairées. La gouvernance, l’usage des terres et la propriété sont les questions les plus problématiques, car elles ont des conséquences sur tous les secteurs, toutes les industries et toutes les disciplines scientifiques.
Formation of professionally significant qualities of future specialists of music specialties
Authors: Asaulyuk I.
Published: September 2021

The article presents a general analysis of professionally significant qualities of future specialists of music specialties, specializations "piano", "orchestra string instruments (violin)".
Materials and methods. The paper includes the analysis of professional scientific and methodological literature and sociological research methods, the method of expert evaluation and methods of mathematical statistics.
Results of work. It is determined that the most significant professional physical quality for students majoring in "piano" is strength endurance (R = 1.42), less significant - hand motility (R = 2.17), coordination of movements of the shoulders and forearms (R = 2.67) and muscle strength of the shoulder girdle, arms (R = 4.00).
For students majoring in "orchestra string instruments" (violin), physical qualities such as "strength of the muscles of the neck, shoulder girdle" are especially important. So, holding a musical instrument and playing it allows them to properly transfer a long load on the upper extremities and shoulder girdle.
Conclusions. As a result of the research, the role and the place of professionally significant qualities of future specialists in music specialties, specializations "piano", "orchestra string instruments (violin)" necessary for further professional activity and the level of professionalism were analysed.
The effectiveness of physical rehabilitation in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Barladyn O. , Vakulenko L. , Khrabra S. , Veremchuk O. , Gavran T.
Published: September 2021

Physical rehabilitation of patients with type 2 diabetes mullitu (DM) is a complex process and requires long-term, systematic and gradual use of a set of tools to achieve compensation for diabetes, prevention of its complications. Generalization of experience in the use of physical rehabilitation in type 2 diabetes is an important task for scientists. The paper work shows that the basis of rehabilitation of patients with diabetes mellitus of this type are its principles such as systematicity, individuality and complexity of rehabilitation measures. They are aimed at the treatment and prevention not only of diabetes mellitus, but also of the patient's body as a whole.

The purpose of the study - theoretical and practical justification of the need and essence of physical rehabilitation for type 2 diabetes and evaluation of the effectiveness of the developed program.

Research methods: pedagogical (theoretical analysis and generalization of pedagogical and medical-biological literature); analysis of the medical cases; pedagogical testing; pedagogical experiment; clinical research methods; methods of mathematical statistics.

The results of the use of physical rehabilitation in the complex treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus at the dispensary stage of rehabilitation to maintain and improve the physical condition, efficiency in the life of patients and prevention of complications of various etiologies and comorbidities of this group of patients. The experiment involved 24 patients aged 44-59 years. The program of physical rehabilitation has been developed, the main components of which are therapeutic exercise, mechanotherapy, dosed stroke and massage. It is established that the means of physical rehabilitation contribute to the sustainable compensation of type 2 diabetes.
European trends in the development of physical education and sports and their impact on the inhabitants of Bukovina (second half of the nineteenth - early twentieth century.)
Authors: Dariichuk S.
Published: September 2021

Highlighted and analyzed European trends in physical education and sports and their impact on the inhabitants of Bukovina. It is considered and proved that the theoretical and practical achievements of scientists and specialists-practitioners of Western European countries, the presence of separate gymnastic systems influenced the development of physical education and sports throughout Europe and, accordingly, in Bukovina. The intensification of activities in the direction of organizing physical culture and health activities and competitions and the development of organizational forms of modern sports life - sports clubs, sections and sports associations (federations, associations, unions) as another trend that influenced the development of physical education of children and youth. Bukovina of the early twentieth century. It is proved that the presence of theoretical and methodological principles of physical education, the formation of national gymnastic systems, including school, their spread in different European countries; restoration and genesis of the Olympic movement, the formation of sport as a social phenomenon and the development of organizational forms of modern sports life - federations, associations, unions; the emergence of professional sports publications are distinguished by European trends that influenced the development of physical education of the population of the region.
Some features of changes in the performance of the circulatory system and their relationship in qualified athletes in relationship
Authors: Kotko Dina , Goncharuk Natalia , Shevtsov Serhii , Levon Maria
Published: September 2021

The evaluation of the peculiarities of changes in the indicators of the functioning of the cardiovascular system and their relationships in 53 qualified athletes at the stages of long- term training was carried out. The aim of the study was to identify changes in the functional state of the cardiovascular system and the peculiarities of their relationship in skilled athletes in connection with long training. Electrocardiographic and statistical methods were used. The ECG results of the study of athletes revealed signs of impaired automaticity, excitation, conductivity, mainly by the type of blockade of the right leg of the His bundle, contractility. Their frequency and severity increased due to the duration of training. Similar changes were found for a combination of changes. Of particular note is the detection of myocardial hypertrophy and bradycardia, the number of which and their combination also increases due to the duration of training. The results dictate the need to include mandatory echocardiography, and in the case of bradycardia - atropine tests, in the list of studies during medical monitoring
Patients’ Perception towards General and Pelvic Examination by Male Medical Students: A Cross-sectional Study in a Multi-ethnic Population
Authors: Thirunavuk Arasoo Valliammai Jayanthi , Dominic Nisha Angela , Ratnasingam Vanassa , Ul Islam Md Inzamum , Lee Erin  Ziyi , Wong Jasmine  Jia Min , Kong Florence  Wan Yiin , Himashi Pemasiri Walimuni Devage Rashmi , Jeganathan Ravichandran , Ramadas Amutha
Published: September 2021

Introduction

Male medical students globally have difficulty in obtaining consent to perform pelvic examination. We sought to identify independent factors influencing women consenting to male medical students performing general and pelvic examination under supervision.

Methods

This cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary hospital and a public health care centre in Johor Bahru, Malaysia recruited 369 women above 18 years old who have had  sexual intercourse before and no prior hysterectomy. A validated self-administered bilingual questionnaire was used to collect data on factors that influence them consenting to male medical students examining them and performing pelvic examination when indicated.

Results

The respondents were largely below 30 years old (52.9%), Malays (73.4%) and Muslims (75.3%). The consent rates for general and pelvic examination were 27.4% and 18.9%, respectively. Being a Muslim, having an occupation and being introduced by a male medical specialist increased the likelihood of women consenting to general examination. However, a history of being examined by male students decreased the likelihood by 64%. Believing that male doctors should have the skills to treat patients in women's health was the only independent factor that increased the likelihood for women to consent for pelvic examination to be conducted by male medical students. 

Conclusion

Believing that male doctors should be skilled in treating women positively influences decision to consent. Explaining earnestly to women on how they aid in developing the skills of future doctors should be prioritised.

Keywords: patients’ perception; male medical students; pelvic examination
Evaluating Effect of Prophylactic Intravenous Dexamethasone in Post Spinal Shivering: A Single Centre Randomised Controlled Study
Authors: Yeoh Dr Chih Nie , Voon Dr Billy , Mohamad Mahdi Datin Dr Siti Nidzwani , Sayed Masri Dr Syarifah Noor Nazihah , Izaham Associate Professor Dr Azarinah
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Shivering is a common side effect of central neuraxial anaesthesia. Intravenous pethidine is commonly used in reducing shivering but has been associated with significant opioid side effects. Dexamethasone as a powerful anti-inflammatory and analgesia agent is postulated to inhibit inflammatory mediators’ release thus inhibiting central thermoregulatory centre, potentially attenuating post spinal shivering.  This double-blinded randomised controlled study was to determine the ability of intravenous dexamethasone in decreasing the incidence, severity and the need for treatment for post spinal shivering.

Methods: We recruited 72 patients requiring spinal anaesthesia and randomised them to receive either dexamethasone 0.1 mg/kg (up to 8 mg) or normal saline (placebo). We observed their tympanic membrane temperatures, mean arterial pressures and shivering scores at regular intervals up to 2 hours post-spinal or till end of surgery (minimum 30 minutes post spinal).

Results: Both groups showed consistent and comparable drop in tympanic membrane temperatures and mean arterial pressures after spinal anaesthesia, except at 15 minutes in which patients of dexamethasone group demonstrated significantly higher temperatures than saline group (p=0.04). There were also significantly less patients in the dexamethasone group reporting incidence of visible shivering as compared to the placebo group (p=0.003). No significant difference was seen in severity of shivering or usage of pethidine.

Conclusion: Dexamethasone has the potential to mitigate the reduction in core body temperature, especially at 15 minutes post spinal. It can reduce the incidence of clinically significant visible grade of shivering post spinal.
Stingless Bee Honey and Honeybee Honey Characteristics in Relation to Anticancer Potential
Authors: Yusof Hayati , Zulpa Ahmad Khusairy , Mohd Isa Nur Suaidah , Tufail Ahmad Fauziah , Kassim Murni Nur Islamiah
Published: September 2021

Introduction: The composition of the honey depends on the intrinsic and extrinsic factors, including place of origin, the floral types, the season and the storage conditions. This study compared the anticancer potential, quality, antioxidant and phytochemical between unprocessed stingless bee honey (SBH) and honeybee honey (HBH) from the same environmental factors including place of nest, floral type (Acacia), harvesting month (August) and storage conditions (<5°C). Materials and methods: To measure quality, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and diastase activity were determined, followed by total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) for phytochemicals. Antioxidant activity was assessed via 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Cytotoxicity towards cervical cancer cell line (HeLa) was measured using a 2-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay (IC50). Results: The results indicated that HBH exhibited significantly higher diastase activity (2.17 ± 0.07 DN), TPC (338.95 ± 3.49 mg GAE/kg), DPPH scavenging activity EC50 (80.06 mg/ml) and MTT activity IC50 (64.80 mg/ml) towards HeLa as compared to SBH with absence of diastase activity, TPC (250.60 ± 3.98 mg GAE/kg), DPPH scavenging activity EC50 (165.80 mg/ml) and MTT activity IC50 (75.76 mg/ml). However, there were no significant differences in HMF and TFC between HBH and SBH. Conclusion: Therefore, the present study found that HBH demonstrates better antioxidant capacity, anticancer potential and phenolic content as compared to SBH.
Seismic damage assessment of a historical masonry minaret considering soil-structure interaction
Authors: Altıok Taha Yasin , Demir Ali
Published: September 2021

Historical structures should be carefully preserved and transferred to the next generations. Therefore, their seismic performances should be investigated in detail. In the finite element method, many parameters affect the seismic behaviour and damage distribution in the structures. One of the most significant parameters is the Soil-Structure Interaction effect. In finite element analyses, the soil medium is generally neglected, and the structures' base is restrained by fixed supports. In this study, seismic response of a historical masonry minaret is investigated by considering the Soil-Structure Interaction and Operational Modal Analysis methods. To determine the effect of Soil-Structure Interaction on structural behaviour, the fixed supports, hard and soft soil mediums at the base of the structure are modelled. The material and failure behaviours are defined with the Concrete Damage Plasticity model. Displacements, principal stresses, damage rates, and damage distribution of models are obtained with nonlinear time history analyses. According to the results, the interstory drift increases due to the decrease in the stiffness of the soil media. In addition, the fixed supports model was damaged more tensile stress damage than the other models. The least occurred in the soft soil model. It is concluded that the Soil-Structure Interaction effect significantly affects structural behaviour, especially the damage rate and distribution.
Recurrent Graves’ Disease in Thyroglossal Duct Following Total Thyroidectomy
Authors: Petrie IV John , Petrie IV John , Manisundaram Arvind , Yu Irene , Schwaitzberg Steven
Published: September 2021

Introduction: A 46-year-old female with a past medical history of Graves’ disease refractory to medical management, thus requiring total thyroidectomy presented to clinic for recurrence of her hyperthyroidism and an increasing midline neck mass two years after her index operation.
Case Description: CT imaging of the neck mass revealed a locally extensive enhancing abnormality immediately anterior to the hyoid bone within the infrahyoid muscles measuring 1.4x.1.9x4.0 cm. This was consistent with an exceedingly rare proliferation of a thyroglossal duct remnant secondary to recurrence of the patient’s Graves’ disease. The patient was treated with surgical resection of the neck mass shown to be ectopic Graves’ activated thyroid tissue by pathology. The patient was restarted on thyroid hormone replacement therapy and has remained euthyroid to date following surgical resection.
Conclusion: The incidence of this event is estimated to be approximately one per a million persons and thus is a rare occurrence in endocrinology. This case highlights the potential shortcomings of surgical management of Graves’ disease. Following surgical resection, the autoimmune status of the patient remains unchanged. Ectopic thyroid tissue can be found anywhere along the embryologic descent of the thyroid gland and as low as the mediastinum. Thus, patients treated with total thyroidectomy should still be monitored regularly for recurrence of Graves’ disease secondary to ectopic thyroid tissue.
Студенттердің физикалық дамуының индекстік бағасы
Authors: Суюндикова Ж.Т. , Конысбаева Д.Т. , Баубекова Г.К.
Published: September 2021

Мақалада екі этностық топ, яғни студент қыздардың физикалық дамуын индекстер арқылы бағалаудың салыстырмалы зерттеу материалдары берілген. Физикалық даму тек жас ұрпақтың ғана емес, сонымен қатар жалпы халықтың денсаулығының маңызды индикаторларының бірі болып табылады. Физикалық даму индекстері— жеке антропометриялық белгілердің арақатынасынкөрсетеді, бұл оларды халықты жаппай зерттеу кезінде физикалық дамуды шамамен бағалау үшін, сондай-ақ əртүрлі қоршаған орта факторларының ағзаға əсерін талдау үшін пайдалануға мүмкіндік береді. Зерттеуге Қостанай мемлекеттік педагогикалық университетінде оқитын 17–20 жасаралығындағы 336 студент-қыздар қатысты. Зерттеулер негізгі биоэтикалық ережелерге сəйкес жүргізілді. Барлық зерттеулер сессия аралық кезеңде өткізілді. Күннің бірінші жартысында орындалды. Зерттелушілер ұлтына байланысты екі топқа бөлінді: бірінші топта қазақ ұлтының, екінші топта— славян ұлтының студент қыздары. Зерттелген топтарда негізгі антропометриялық (дене ұзындығы, салмағы, кеуде қуысының шеңбері), физиометриялық параметрлер(өкпенің тіршілік сыйымдылығы, қолдың күші, қан қысымы), антропометрлік (Кетле, Пинье, Мануврие) жəне функционалдық индекстері (Робинсон, Скибинский, өмірлік жəне динамометриялық индекстер) анықталды. Зерттелген екі топтың арасында негізгі антропометриялық көрсеткіштерде, Мануврие индексі мен өмірлік индексі бойынша айқын айырмашылықтар байқалды. Анықталған екінші топтағы студент қыздардың орташа топтық көрсеткіштерінің жоғары болуы— ағзаның морфофункционалды ерекшеліктерінің генетикалық бейімділігіне байланысты болды.
Clinical diagnosis and treatment of primary small intestinal lymphoma
Authors:   Department of Geriatrics, Guangzhou First Peoples’s Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510000,China, Huang Guitian
Published: September 2021

Objective: To report experiences in the diagnosis and treatment of primary lymphoma of the small intestine (PSIL). Method: The clinical data of 15 patients with PSIL treated from January 2015 to July 2019 at Guangzhou First People’s Hospital were investigated retrospectively. Among the 15 patients, 9 were male, and 6 were female, with ages ranging from 18 to 73 years, with a median age of 51.6 years. Data relating to gender, age, clinical manifestation, laboratory examination, imaging, diagnosis, and treatment of the patients were reviewed. Results: The most common clinical manifestations were abdominal pain, abdominal lump, bowel obstruction, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, and athrepsy. Serum tumor markers were checked and found to be normal. In all 15 cases, tumors were found by spiral computed tomography (CT), and 12 cases were diagnosed as PSIL. Eleven cases were given barium meal examinations, and positive results were found in 4 cases, with only 1 case considered to be PSIL. All 15 patients underwent surgery. All patients were diagnosed as having nonHodgkin lymphoma by postoperative pathology (8 patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, 5 with mucosa associated lymphoid tissue type B-cell lymphoma and 2 with enteropathy-type intestinal T-cell lymphoma). There were no cases of perioperative deaths. Ten patients received adjuvant chemotherapy with the CHOP (cyclophosphamide, epirubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) regimen after the operation. Fourteen cases were followed up for a mean duration of 30 months (range of 6-52 months). The 1- and 3-year survival rates were 85.7% and 57.1%, respectively. Conclusions: PSIL has no specific clinical manifestations. The diagnostic rate with barium study is low, whereas spiral CT is a promising diagnostic method for PSIL. Surgery combined with chemotherapy is important for the treatment of PSIL
Predictors of relaparotomy for persisting intra abdominal infection in secondary peritonitis
Authors:   Department of Surgery, Addis Ababa University, college of health science, school of Medicine, Yeka Sub city, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Tesfaye Abel , T/Selase Henock ,   Department of Surgery, Addis Ababa University, college of health science, school of Medicine, Bole Sub city, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Published: September 2021

Background: Peritonitis is one of the commonest causes of acute abdomen in Ethiopia. One of the causes of high morbidity and mortality is persistent intraabdominal infection. The two essential approaches for managing post-op collection are laparotomy on-demand and planned Relaparotomy. Despite multiple studies, both have comparative mortality. This study aimed to identify clinical variables that are predictive of persistent intraabdominal infection. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on patients who were operated on from Sept 2018 to April 2020 at two affiliated referral hospitals of AAU, college of Medicine; Yekatit 12 hospital Medical College and Minilik II referral Hospital. All of the patients were cases of secondary peritonitis. Clinical progress of the patients from admission to discharge/death was documented. Multiple preoperative and intraoperative variables were analyzed to develop the predictive clinical model. Results: Out of 172 laparotomy cases for secondary peritonitis, 40 (23.3%) required relaparotomy for postop collection. From Patients who developed postop collection, 45% of them were diagnosed after pus/Gi content leaked through the surgical wound. The mortality rate of patients who develop postop collection and undergone relaparotomy was 27.5 % and 4.5% for those without postop collection. Logistic regression identified 4 variables as having significant predictive value: Duration of illness more than 5 days, Systolic BP 1000 ml, and small bowel as a source of contamination. Overall prediction successes of the above model is 88.4% (sensitivity 53.3%, specificity 96.8%). Conclusion: Management of persistent intra-abdominal infection is challenging. We have identified 4 clinical variables that predict persistent intraabdominal infection requiring relaparotomy. These sets of variables can be a milestone for future validation study before being inserted in today to day clinical practice.
Uma proposta para refletir sobre o tempo no ciberjornalismo
Authors: Quadros Claudia Irene , Da Costa Flavio Ernani
Published: September 2021

A instantaneidade, uma das principais características da comunicação digital, continua desafiando o fazer jornalístico há quase vinte anos após o boom do jornalismo digital, em 1995. Neste artigo buscamos compreender como essa característica pode ser observada, propondo um instrumento específico de análise inspirado no Manual de Ferramentas para Análise de Qualidade no Ciberjornalismo, organizado por Marcos Palacios (2011). Além da descrição da ficha de análise, refletimos sobre o tempo na produção jornalística a partir de discussões teóricas sobre o tema.