bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hábitos alimentares e nível de atividade física dos alunos de uma escola pública do interior de Minas Gerais
Authors: De Oliveira Ana Paula Dornelas , Mendes Silva Luciana Araújo , Castro Douglas Pereira
Published: December 2020

A comodidade advinda da tecnologia, hábitos alimentares inadequados e a baixa prática de atividade física crescem cada vez mais entre os jovens e têm desencadeado uma série de problemas. Bons hábitos alimentares e prática regular de atividade física promovem resultados favoráveis nos aspectos relacionados à saúde e à qualidade de vida de todos os indivíduos. O presente estudo teve como objetivo verificar o nível de atividade física e os hábitos alimentares dos alunos do 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental e 3º ano do Ensino Médio, da Escola Estadual Joaquim Botelho, no município de Coromandel-MG. A amostra foi composta por 69 alunos. E o instrumento utilizado para obtenção dos dados foi um questionário estruturado. De acordo com as respostas, foi possível verificar que mais de 90% dos participantes demonstraram um resultado negativo em relação ao que é recomendado pela Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS), no que se refere à prática de atividades físicas semanais. O nível de comportamentos sedentários (CS) (assistir televisão; utilizar computador/vídeo game e usar telefone celular) foi de 85%. Quanto à alimentação, o estudo mostrou que menos de 30% dos alunos mantém uma alimentação saudável, rica em nutrientes. Diante disso, concluiu-se que houve um grande índice de CS e uma porcentagem significativa de adolescentes com a alimentação pobre.
Kinetics of poly(vinyl chloride) thermal degradation by ionizing radiation
Authors: Lírio Fábio Cerdeira , Souza Mauro Carlos Lopes , Sirqueira Alex da Silva , Soares Bluma Guenther
Published: December 2020

In this study, the relationship between ionizing radiation treatment and thermal degradation kinetics of Poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) polymer film was investigated. The unirradiated and 25 kGy irradiated samples treated with gamma rays or electron beam radiation were submitted to thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) at different heating rates (10 – 30 K.min-1). The TGA data was used to obtain the apparent activation energy values (Ea) according to Flynn-Wall-Ozawa method. TGA analysis suggested that electron beam radiation promotes a slight increase on maximum temperature for dehydrochlorination reaction on PVC. Gamma-rays irradiation caused a small reduction of maximum temperature of HCl evolution of PVC. Thermal degradation kinetics results showed that 25 kGy irradiated samples presents an apparent activation energy values from 104 - 109 KJ.mol-1. The apparent Ea values suggested that 25 kGy gamma radiation or 25 kGy electron beam radiation convert PVC polymer films more prone to HCl evolution due to radiolysis of polymer.  Evaluation of the Ea values by Flynn-Wall-Ozawa method allows a good analytical instrument to comprehend dehydrochlorination reaction on irradiated PVC polymer films.
Sepse neonatal, avaliação do impacto: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Matheus Alves dos Santos Zandonaidy , Fernandes de Oliveira Ana Paula , Matheus Oliveira Sales Tallisson
Published: December 2020

The objective is to analyze from the literature the main risk factors for neonatal sepsis, the main clinical manifestations and the most prevalent antibiotic therapy. The integrative review methodology was followed by criteria, including preterm infants who had sepsis. The independent reviewers performed an extraction and synthesis of the data obtained through the chosen database. The present integrative review had as a final sample eleven scientific articles, which met the inclusion criteria previously established. The articles were selected and analyzed in the PubMed database. From the selected articles, categories were constructed according to the problem raised for this study, the following categories are: Risk factors for neonatal sepsis in an ICU; Most common clinical manifestations; Sepsis treatment process: medications used (antibiotics). Therefore, it is concluded that the identification of risk factors, clinical manifestations and the process of treatment and early diagnosis of sepsis, may contribute more effectively to the reduction of cases of sepsis that evolve to death, from this analysis you can perform the necessary interventions, with that, the expansion of data on this theme is necessary.
A vivência da morte pela equipe de saúde que atua no setor de oncologia
Authors: Santos Dias Jacina , Ramos Lopes Pereira Woochiton , Augusto Couto Finelli Leonardo
Published: December 2020

Objective: Identify the team's difficulties in dealing with the death process of patients under their care. Materials and Methods: the research carried out is classified as exploratory, qualitative, cross-sectional, with a field research design. We interviewed professionals from the health team of the oncology sector, then the data were analyzed from discourse analysisprocedures that sought connections between objects, strategies, concepts and enunciative types. To these data were verified systems of unity and coherence, reached by the analysis of the summary descriptions that were collected. Results: it was verified that there is no preparation offered by the institution so that the professionals learn the best deal with death. Therefore, it is urgent that the question of professional qualification be restored. Conclusion: the need for future research on the subject, which is suggestive of testingproposals and intervention models, such as the continuous training of professionals, is aimed at, among other purposes, the training of health professionals in dealing with process of death and death of its patients.
Synthesis and anticonvulsant activity of some 1-cyclohexylidine/ cycloheptylidine-4-substitued semicarbazide derivatives
Authors: Jain Alok , Patil Shailendra , Gajbhiye Asmita
Published: December 2020

Aryl semicarbazide derivatives are reported to possess anticonvulsant activity. On the other hand unsubstituted and small substituents (less than 3 carbon atom) containing cyclohexanones prevented both pentylenetetrazole and MES induced seizures.
Similarly cycloheptanone fused with benzodiazepine and furan produced anticonvulsant compounds. Therefore looking into the above facts in the present study, we have synthesized 12 derivatives of 1-cyclohexylidine/cycloheptylidine-4-substitued
semicarbazide derivatives and screened them for anticonvulsant activity.
The synthesis of compounds was achieved as follows: The various para substituted (H, CH3, F,Cl,Br, I) anilines were converted to aryl ureas by reacting with sodium cyanate in the presence of glacial acetic acid. These aryl ureas and aryl semicarbazides were
synthesized by allowing them to react with hydrazine hydrate. Finally the aryl semicarbazides were condensed with cyclohexanone/
cycloheptanone in the presence of sodium acetate to give title compounds. All the synthesized compounds were evaluated for anticonvulsant activity by MES method using carbamazepine as standard and it was observed that all the compounds possess
anticonvulsant activity comparable to carbamazepine. Carbamazepine had shown the abolition in the hind limb extensor tonic convulsion after 2 sec. whereas few compounds i.e. 1-cyclohexylidine-4-(4-fluorophenyl) semicarbazide, 1-cycloheptylidine-4-(4-
fluorophenyl) semi-carbazide and 1-cycloheptylidine-4-phenylsemicarbazide were more active than standard. Overall it was found that cycloheptyl containing compounds were more active than cyclohexyl containing compounds. The unsubstitued compounds were
more active than halo derivatives i.e. electron withdrawing groups, and halo compounds were more active than methyl derivatives i.e. electron donating group (CH3). The order of activity for cyclohexanone and cycloheptanone derivatives is as follows: H >F >Cl
>Br >I >CH3. Among the halo derivatives, the activity decreased with increasing molecular weight of halo substituents.
Analyzing the Performance of Data Dissemination Algorithms to Application Requirements in Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Bisoyi Sukant Kishoro , Panda Mohit Ranjan , Mishra Sangeeta
Published: December 2020

A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a collection of thousands of tiny sensor nodes having the capability of wireless communication, limited computation and sensing. Many data dissemination protocols have been proposed for multi-hop communication in sensor networks, each evaluated in some scenario. Many protocols are designed to exploit application requirements, then no one protocol can be optimized for all applications. Directed diffusion is a prominent example of data-centric routing in sensor networks, since it is based on application layer data and purely local interactions. However; its functioning relies heavily on expensive operations, like network-wide flooding. The purpose of this paper is to explore different directed diffusion protocols and their performance as the number of sinks and sources increases, the traffic rate and node placement varies, and with and without geographic proximity in node placement. We present the simulation-based performance evaluation using NS2 and tuning of data dissemination in wireless sensor networks. Hope our result would be useful to match dissemination algorithms to
application performance requirements.
Corrosion Behavior of Copper Based Heat Exchanger Tube in Waters of Bangladesh Region at Varied Temperature and Flow Velocity
Authors: Rahman M. Muzibur , Ahmed S. Reaz
Published: December 2020

Heat exchangers used in the ships are mostly of water-cooled shell and tube type, whose tube stacks are made of copper-based materials due to the requirement of high corrosion resistance and high thermal conductivity. Even though, the copper made heat exchanger tubes do fail on board ships because of corrosion. More point of contention arises when it is manufactured by companies that have limited supporting data and documentations. In this context, the present paper investigates the corrosion behavior of copper tubes of heat exchanger to assess the life span of the tube stack for on-board applications. A series of experiments have been undertaken to investigate the corrosion rates of copper tubes in sea water and river water with flow velocity of 1.0 m/s, 1.5 m/s and 2.0 m/s for the tube side entry temperature of 20°C. The same experiments have been repeated for the shell side temperatures of 20°C, 40°C, 60°C and 80°C. The investigations have revealed that the corrosion in sea water is about three times higher than that of river water. The increases in temperature and flow velocity have increased the rate of corrosion to a significant level contributing to shorten the life span.
The Relationship Between Employee Well-Being, Burnout And Perceived Organizational Support In Healthcare Professionals
Authors: AYDINTUG MYRVANG Nursel
Published: December 2020

Employee well-being is a significant contributor to the development of healthcare professionals' attitudes which are effective in their provision of effective, efficient and quality healthcare services. Employee well-being (Short, 2018), which is described as the well-being of a person in terms of physical, psychological and business life, has a decreasing impact on the burnout level of healthcare staff delivering healthcare services and an increasing impact on the perceived level of organizational support. As a result of being unable to cope with the perceived tension (Tuğrul and Çelik, 2002: 2), the state of burnout felt in physiological, mental and emotional areas is a detrimental condition for healthcare professionals and the individuals they serve. The perceived organizational support (Özdevecioğlu, 2003: 1), defined as the individuals in the organization feeling safe and knowing that the organization is behind them, is a positive situation for healthcare workers and has a decreasing effect on burnout syndrome. For healthcare professionals to provide the best service, their well-being and perceived organizational support should be high, and their levels of burnout syndrome should be low. The study aimed to determine the relationship between employee well-being, burnout and perceived organizational support in healthcare professionals. Therefore, face-to-face interviews were conducted using the survey method in the study, and data were obtained from 240 healthcare professionals. SPSS program was used to analyze the data. According to the findings of the study, there was a positive relationship between employee well-being and perceived organizational support, a negative relationship between perceived organizational support and burnout, and a negative and opposite relation between employee well-being and burnout.
PENINGKATAN PROFESIONALISME GURU PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM (PAI) MELALUI PROGRAM SERTIFIKASI
Authors: Masitoh Dewi
Published: December 2020

This article aims to analyze the driving and inhibiting factors for increasing the professionalism of Islamic Education teachers after being given a certification allowance. The type of this research is Field Research, the data collection method uses interviews, documentation and observation, to check the validity of the data using triangulation techniques and the data is analyzed in three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. The results showed that the increase in professionalism of Islamic Education teachers through the certification program was satisfactory, but it had not gone as expected. The certification program which aims to improve teacher professionalism and welfare has not been implemented properly. This is evident from the research findings which reveal that certified PAI teachers have not met the professional teacher criteria as expected. It is hoped that the positive contribution of this article can become a reference for similar studies in the future, and can be a reference in order to achieve teacher professionalism through the certification program.
PENDIDIKAN HOLISTIK ANAK SD DITINJAU DARI TEORI REKONSTRUKSI SOSIAL JOHN DEWEY
Authors: Fauzi Muhamad Restu
Published: December 2020

This article aims to understand the concept of holistic education for elementary school children according to John Dewey's theory of social reconstruction. Many parents think that education is the responsibility of the teacher at school so that it makes parents often off responsibility. John Dewey argues that education requires communication because humans are social creatures. Social learning is based on behavior in which children learn new things by observing other people. This research method is carried out by literature study of journals and other scientific works that have relevance to holistic education as the main source of research. The results of this study explain that holistic education is an effort to maintain overall personal development including: intellectual-emotional, physical-social, aesthetic and spiritual; According to John Dewey's theory of Social Reconstruction, holistic education for elementary school children must be supported by all elements, both from school, family and society in personality development in order to form positive personalities in children. The contribution of this research is to provide an understanding for educators, parents and the community about the function of holistic education and to clarify their respective roles.
HEMOGLOBIN IN RELATION TO BODY MASS INDEX AND SOCIOECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN
Authors: Akram Minal , Basharat Shahnai , Qamar Muhammad Mustafa , Basharat Ayesha , Ahmed Tanveer , Saleem Sheraz
Published: December 2020

Objective: To determine whether the body mass index (BMI) and hemoglobin (HB) level are associated withsocioeconomic strata among pregnant women belonging to different socioeconomic strata.

Study Design: A cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Sheikh Zayed Hospital, National Hospital & Medical Center, and Hameed LatifHospital Lahore (Punjab; Pakistan), from Mar to Dec 2018.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 pregnant women of lower, middle and upper class; age range from 15-39 years. Women from all trimesters were included in the study. A self-structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic data about participants of the study. Anthropometric measurements, body mass index (BMI), and hemoglobin (HB) level were evaluated in participants belonging to different socioeconomic status.

Results: The study determined that 3% of participants were underweight, 29% had average weight, 45% belong to an overweight category, and 23% were obese as assessed based on BMI values. Hemoglobin level varied from 9.1 mg/dl to 11 mg/dl among participants of different socioeconomic strata. A significant association was observed between BMI, HB level, and socioeconomic status (p=0.000). However, there was no significant association observed between BMI and hemoglobin.

Conclusion: It was concluded that the body mass index (BMI) and hemoglobin (HB) were significantly associated with socioeconomic conditions of pregnant women but showed no association with each other. This provided the potential for new avenues to improve health status during pregnancy.
SARS-CoV-2 AMONG FRONT LINE HEALTH CARE WORKERS
Authors: Abbas Syed Waqar , Ahmed Shoaib , Zareen Syeda Fatimah , Fatima Sadia , Rehan Nusrat , Hussain Wajid
Published: December 2020

Objective: To determine clinical presentations and source among severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 positive health care workers of tertiary care hospital.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi, from Mar to Jun 2020.

Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted by using a questionnaire for risk assessment regardingexposure to Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) virus and practices of participants. Health care workers whowere exposed or had fever, cough, shortness of breath, were asked to undergo semi-quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction test for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 onnasopharyngeal and oro-pharyngeal swabs.

Results: Out of the 92 health care workers who tested positive, 80/92 (86.95%) were males, 12/92 (13.04%)females. Asymptomatic cases were 53/92 (57.60%) and 39/92 (42.40%) were symptomatic, 10/92 (10.8%) of theparticipants were doctors, 06/92 (6.52%) nurses, 36/92 (39.14%) paramedics and 40/92 (43.47%) were hospitalauxiliary staff. Among symptomatic cases, 28/39 (71.79%) developed fever with myalgia, 22/39 fever alone,23/39 (58.97%) headache, 13/39 (33%) sore throat, 15/39 (38%) runny nose, 11/39 (28.20%) mild shortness ofbreath on exertion, 7/39 (17.94%) diarrhea and 5/39 (12.82%) experienced loss of taste.

Conclusion: As the Corona Virus Disease 2019 pandemic continues, chances of health care workers gettinginfected are high so it is critical to improve the knowledge of Health care workers. Educational interventions and further studies are warranted in this regard.
A Judicialização do Direito a Saúde: a necessidade de parametrização a partir dos modelos de Brasil e Argentina
Authors: Nóbrega Theresa , Barros Lívia Dias
Published: December 2020

Nos últimos vinte anos têm ocorrido uma transformação crescente na atuação das Cortes Supremas na América Latina acerca das diversas reivindicações dos direitos humanos fundamentais, visto que o crescimento de tais demandas é maior do que em qualquer outra região. Nesse contexto, a judicialização do direito à saúde, especificamente no Brasil e Argentina, constitui o foco de estudo do presente artigo. O objetivo geral é analisar, a partir da identificação das características sistemáticas na judicialização do direito humano fundamental à saúde entre Brasil e Argentina, a necessidade de parametrização da atuação constitucional do Poder judiciário na resolução de tais demandas. Dessa forma, diante do enfraquecimento do projeto da sociedade de bem-estar, comprova-se o desgaste dos modelos de serviços por ela instituídos, principalmente na área da saúde na medida em que passaram a possuir: além de um componente público, também um componente privado de alta complexidade tecnológica e restrita ao consumo dentro dos mecanismos de mercado. O principal fator de dificuldade de análise do fenômeno da judicialização da saúde, seja na Argentina ou no Brasil, é que não se trata de um fenômeno de causa única, mas de origens variadas que vão desde a negligência, falta de cobertura, negativa de tratamento ou medicamento ou mesmo a tentativa de impor ao Estado a obrigação de fornecer tratamentos experimentais de alto custo sem garantia de segurança ou eficácia, mas de grande impacto orçamentário. Portanto, se faz preemente estabelecer um mecanismo de parametrização possível à atuação do Poder Judiciário em harmonia com os preceitos constitucionais, com fins a efetivação e não obstrução do direito humano e fundamental à saúde. No presente artigo foram adotados o método de abordagem dedutivo e o método de procedimento comparativo, desenvolvido com o uso de uma técnica de documentação direta, mediante a pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, com as fontes correspondentes recebendo uma abordagem qualitativa.
LA FÁBRICA DE TEJIDOS URCOS
Authors: Canal C José
Published: December 2020

En el presente trabajo hemos puesto énfasis en el estudio de las relaciones  sociales de producción  textil desde la época del inkanato pasando por el taller textil de Chorrillos de Sausipata en Huaro y en la Fábrica de Tejidos Urcos, así como el sistema de relaciones sociales que se dieron en la hacienda  Pucuto que fue base para la creación  de la Fábrica de Tejidos Urcos el cual dio origen al surgimiento  y desarrollo del capitalismo en la región  del Cusco.
TÁCTICAS Y ESTRATEGIAS
Authors: Guevara Rodríguez Daniel Vicente
Published: December 2020

Enfocándose en el comercio de artesanía, se busca entender las nuevas formas de vivir la ciudad  en un contexto de transformación económica y política. Se presta atención a las tácticas y estrategias cotidianas que los comerciantes de artesanía utilizan para la apropiación  del espacio, con el propósito de observar la manera en la cual las reformas  de la estructura  espacial urbana son incorporadas y utilizadas como alternativas a la regulación del espacio urbano. De este modo se pretende dar a conocer las distintas tensiones  existentes  en la apropiación de los espacios —sea de usos o de significados— y reflexionando, si desde las iniciativas colectivas  específicas —muchas veces corporativas— se pueden encontrar mecanismos que permitan ensanchar el uso del espacio público urbano.
1814-2014: BICENTENARIO DE LA VERDADERA INDEPENDENCIA PERUANA
Authors: Crucinta Urgarte Eleazar
Published: December 2020

Este nuestro país, debido a una serie de circunstancias, —políticas, sociales, económicas,  etc.— se va haciendo  cada vez más proclive a la amnesia histórica, porque vive desde hace algún tiempo atrás, su presente sin la necesaria levadura del pasado que fermentó esta nuestra patria, con el verbo repetidamente acción, siguiendo las imborrables huellas José Gabriel Túpac Amaru.
CONFLICTOS SOCIALES Y PUEBLOS INDÍGENAS: DEFENSA DEL DERECHO FUNDAMENTAL AL MEDIO AMBIENTE
Authors: Alvarado Yucra Milagros Chaska
Published: December 2020

Este artículo trata de los conflictos sociales entre los Pueblos Indígenas y el Estado, originados a causa de las concesiones otorgadas por el Estado para la explotación de los recursos naturales en los territorios indígenas. Esto genera contaminación ambiental y destrucción de ecosistemas, la vulneración de varios derechos, entre ellos el derecho al medio ambiente (Art. 2, 22 Constitución Política del Perú). Los Pueblos Indígenas desconfían de las políticas públicas y el Derecho como es en el caso de la Ley de Consulta Previa, percibida como una suerte de aditamento a favor de las empresas extractivas. Frente a esta situación, con la excusa de promover la inversión privada, el Estado ha hecho poco por defender los derechos indígenas. Por otro lado, la Constitución establece garantías constitucionales.
MUJERES, DERECHO Y PODER. Estudio de Presentación del Dossier
Authors: Núñez Andía Lisbeth , Valer Bellota Pavel H.
Published: December 2020

El Estado Constitucional de Derecho necesita de la realización práctica de los derechos fundamentales de todas las personas como un requisito indispensable de su existencia. Sin embargo, se constata en la realidad que las mujeres han sido instaladas en una situación de exclusión y vulnerabilidad organizada por el sistema social, político, cultural y económico predominante.

Son necesarias nuevas propuestas para superar dicha situación desde el campo de investigación del Derecho y la Ciencia Política, y para ello son imprescindibles el conocimiento del sistema de construcción cultural de la diferenciación sexual, el estudio de los enfoques feministas sobre el poder, y como éste clasifica a los ciudadanos respecto a su género, a su vez que la institucionalización del poder permite o restringe la presencia y la representación de las mujeres en el ámbito público. Se trata seguidamente de presentar una aproximación básica a la descripción teórica de cómo actúa la diferencia y la identidad de género en la sociedad patriarcal, las nociones sobre la ciudadanía y la intervención de las mujeres en la formación y gestión del poder político, y su crítica desde las corrientes feministas.
LA RELECTURA DE LA HISTORIA, UN ARMA DE LUCHA DE LAS MUJERES INDÍGENAS
Authors: Serrano Rojas Erika Paola
Published: December 2020

En las últimas décadas el feminismo en América Latina ha tomado un nuevo curso. Gracias a los aportes de trabajos críticos y de reflexión de numerosas autoras se visualizan nuevos retos que trascienden el carácter limitado y excluyente de los conceptos establecidos por un feminismo hegemónico. La lucha por la reivindicación de las mujeres y las mujeres indígenas en América Latina no puede ser entendida y llevada según los lineamientos establecidos por occidente. El presente artículo pretende resaltar el entendimiento del feminismo surgido en América Latina y el feminismo comunitario a partir del libro “Hilando Fino desde el feminismo comunitario” de Julieta Paredes, del cual extraigo una propuesta concreta la relectura de la historia como un arma de lucha para mujeres de comunidades indígenas, que tiene el reto de replantear la exigencia de los derechos de las mujeres indígenas a partir de su cultura.
LA REVISTA DE LA FACULTAD DE DERECHO DE LA UNIVERSIDAD DEL CUSCO
Authors: Valer Bellota Pavel H.
Published: December 2020

Hace siete décadas, en 1948, comenzó a publicarse la REVISTA DE LA FACULTAD DE DERECHO Y CIENCIAS POLÍTICAS de la Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, formando parte de una tradición regional añeja de publicaciones sobre ciencias sociales y jurídicas, que proliferaron en Cusco desde fines del siglo XIX.  Fue una de las primeras, y quizás la única en su tiempo, que desde las universidades peruanas se ocuparon del campo jurídico de manera transformadora de las ciencias del Derecho desde una visión de vanguardia: con abundantes artículos que presentaron una visión crítica, renovada, multidisciplinar y de resaltante contenido sociojurídico. Tuvo una considerable difusión e impacto en el ámbito académico peruano y latinoamericano.  El camino que ha recorrido puede ser ordenado en cuatro etapas, en atención a los periodos históricos que la influyeron, al devenir ideológico que expresó y a las circunstancias sociales y políticas que la rodearon.
EL DERECHO Y LA POLÍTICA EN LAS SOCIEDADES MULTICULTURALES. EL CONSTITUCIONALISMO MULTICULTURAL EN AMÉRICA LATINA
Authors: Valer Bellota Pavel H.
Published: December 2020

El tema central de esta revista está dedicado al “Derecho y la Política en Sociedades Multiculturales”. Tiene la intención de abordar el peculiar fenómeno jurídico y las formas distintivas que adopta el poder político en las sociedades contemporáneas, compuestas por grupos étnico/nacionales diversos, con especial enfoque en la realidad peruana y latinoamericana.
DESENCUENTROS EN EL DESARROLLO DE LA JURISDICCIÓN ESPECIAL COMUNITARIA EN EL SUR ANDINO PERUANO
Authors: Rodríguez Gómez Edgardo
Published: December 2020

La Constitución de 1993 reconoce jurisdicción especial a las comunidades campesinas indígenas, mayoritarias en el sur andino peruano. Las rondas campesinas administran justicia en dichas comunidades, reconociendo y cuestionado el discurso individualista de los derechos humanos. Este artículo trata, desde una lectura multicultural/intercultural, del pluralismo jurídico que podría existir en la coordinación de la justicia comunitaria con la jurisdicción ordinaria. Describe los obstáculos para el diálogo entre culturas desde la primacía individualista de los derechos humanos; finalmente, busca revisar salidas en la clave multiculturalista de Seymour y su estrategia para equiparar los derechos colectivos sin subordinarlos a los individuales.
APUNTES PARA UN CURSO DE RECURSOS HIDRICOS: EL AGUA
Authors: Díaz Bedregal Florencio
Published: December 2020

El agua es un recurso insuficiente cuya escasez se agrava a consecuencia del crecimiento incontrolable de la población y la degradación de la calidad de vida de los asentamientos de  zonas marginales de las grandes ciudades (pueblos jóvenes, favelas, etc.), donde la carencia de este líquido vital es realmente preocupante. Este artículo destaca la existencia de graves problemas que afronta el  uso del agua en el Perú, a pesar de estar en vigencia  la  ley  29338 “de recursos hídricos”. Asimismo, hace un recuento histórico del proceso de elaboración de dicha ley en la historia del Derecho peruano, desde la simple copia del Código de aguas español de 1879 hasta su situación actual que incorpora los debates en el Congreso de la República y las Declaraciones del sistema de la ONU sobre el agua.
Diversidad y composición de helechos arbóreos en la localidad de Wiñaywayna- Intipunku, Santuario Histórico de Machu Picchu
Authors: Holgado-Rojas María E. , Calatayud Hermoza Gloria , Alvarez Conza Christian , Ccopa Huayta Hugo
Published: December 2020

Los bosques montanos Neotropicales albergan a la flora de helechos arbóreos más ricos delmundo, este es un grupo bastante conspicuo por su tamaño y frecuencia, sin embargo, poco estudiado y conocido. La familia muestra una distribución pantropical con más de 600 especies. Todas las especies de helechos arbóreos están incluidos en el Apéndice II de la Convención sobre el Comercio Internacional de Especies Amenazadas de Fauna y Flora Silvestres (CITES), por lo que consideramos necesario evaluar la diversidad y parámetros poblacionales de las especies presentes en un sector Wiñaywayna- Intipunku del Santuario Histórico de Machu Picchu (SHMP), Cusco, Sureste de Perú. La evaluación se en un transecto de 500 x 5m, dividido en sub unidades de 25 x 5 m, donde registramos 12 especies de helechos arbóreos de los géneros Cyathea, Dicksonia y Lophosoria. La especie con mayor índice de valor de importancia (IVI) fue D. sellowiana.Estos resultados servirán como herramienta para guiar esfuerzos de conservación en los bosques montanos del SHMP.
ANTROPOLOGÍA ANDINA SUPERVIVENCIA DE LA MEDICINA TRADICIONAL
Authors: Valencia Espinoza Abraham
Published: December 2020

El trabajo que expondremos, será desde una perspectiva de la medicina tradicional andina y su subsistencia, frente a la medicina científica. Todo ello de acuerdo a las sociedades nativas quechuas indígenas y mestizas del área rural y urbana del Cusco, puesto que de este núcleo...
CARACTERÍSTICAS DEL CLIMATERIO EN MUJERES DE LA CIUDAD DEL CUSCO
Authors: Soto Cortez Yamith
Published: December 2020

El propósito del estudio fue conocer las características del climaterio, que presentan las mujeres que vivne en ciertas zonas de altitud (en este caso de la ciudad del Cusco). En lo referente a las manifiestaciones clínicas presentadas se encuentra un predominio de las manifestaciones psicológicas...
COVID19 EN POBLACIÓN RESIDENTE DE ZONAS GEOGRÁFICAS A ALTURAS SUPERIORES A 2500 m.s.n.m.
Authors: Cardona Rivero Anahi , Montoya Manuel
Published: December 2020

RESUMEN. -El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar las tasas de mortalidad por COVID19 en las regiones a alturas superiores de 2500 m.s.n.m. en comparación a las tasas de mortalidad por COVID19 de los países respectivos. Para lo cual se realizó un estudio de tipo descriptivo transversal comparativo, se revisaron 20 regiones de 7 países con ciudades de más de 100 000 habitantes que se encuentran por encima de 2500 m.s.n.m. Se registraron los casos de fallecidos por COVID19, cantidad de población y las tasas de mortalidad al 30 de abril del 2020. Los resultados de las tasas de mortalidad fueron evaluados con pruebas de normalidad Kolmogorov y Smirnov y Shapiro Wilk. Para evaluar la diferencia entre las medias de las tasas de mortalidad se utilizó la prueba de Wilcoxon con signos para muestras relacionadas se trabajó a un nivel de confianza del 95%, obteniendo un valor de p= 0,015 < 0,05; que demuestra la diferencia estadísticamente significativa. Se concluye que el COVID19 presenta menores tasas de mortalidad en zonas geográficas con alturas superiores a 2500 m.s.n.m.Palabras clave: altura, 2500 m.s.n.m., COVID19, tasa de mortalidad.ABSTRACTThe objective of the study was to evaluate the mortality rates by COVID19 in the regions at altitudes higher than 2500 m.s.n.m., compared to the mortality rates by COVID19 of the respective countries. For this purpose, a comparative cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out, reviewing 20 regions of 7 countries with cities of more than 100,000 inhabitants that are above 2500 meters above sea level. Cases of deaths due to COVID19, population numbers and mortality rates as of April 30, 2020 were recorded. The results of the mortality rates were evaluated with Kolmogorov and Smirnov and Shapiro Wilk normality tests. To evaluate the difference between the means of mortality rates, the Wilcoxon test with signs for related samples was used at a 95% confidence level, obtaining a value of p= 0.015 < 0.05; which demonstrates the statistically significant difference. It is concluded that the COVID19 presents lower mortality rates in geographical areas with altitudes higher than 2500 meters above sea levelKeywords: altitude, 2500 m.s.n.m., COVID19, mortality rate
LOS CONFLICTOS DE INTERESES EN EL MARCO JURÍDICO MEXICANO: SU INDEFINICIÓN NORMATIVA
Authors: PADILLA RAMÍREZ JESSICA ELIANE
Published: December 2020

En la legislación mexicana, la actuación de los servidores públicos bajo conflicto de interés se encuentra regulada como una falta administrativa grave, cuyas consecuencias pueden ir desde la suspensión temporal del cargo hasta la inhabilitación; sin embargo, se trata de un tipo administrativo de difícil determinación y sanción, como resultado de dos situaciones concretas: 1) es una práctica reiterada, normalizada y aceptada; y 2) la normatividad mexicana es imprecisa en lo que se refiere a esta conducta. Por lo tanto, el presente documento analiza los conflictos de intereses desde una perspectiva jurídica y, a partir de un enfoque práctico, propone elementos que faciliten su comprensión e identificación.

In mexican law, the conduct of public servants with conflict of interest is regulated as a serious administrative offense, the consequences of which can range from temporary suspension of office to disqualification; however, it is an administrative type of difficult determination and sanction, as a result of two specific situations: 1) it is a reiterated, standardized and accepted practice; and 2) mexican regulations are imprecise regarding this conduct. Therefore, this document analyzes conflicts of interest from a legal perspective and, from a practical approach, proposes elements that facilitate their understanding and identification.
PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN OPTING-IN (OR NOT) THE CISG
Authors: Cook Susanne
Published: December 2020

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CISG AND CONTRACTING PRACTICE: FACILITATING NEGOTIATION OF CONTRACT TERMS
Authors: Jevremović Nevena
Published: December 2020

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AT TICKETMASTER, SCALPERS SCORE AND FANS COME LAST
Authors: Parma Debra
Published: December 2020

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TIME-LIMITATIONS LIMITING UNIFORMITY UNDER CISG EVEN FOR THE CUT-OFF-TERM OF ARTICLE 39(2)
Authors: Erauw Johan
Published: December 2020

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DOMESTICATION OF THE CISG: EXAMPLES FROM A FEW JURISDICTIONS
Authors: Osmani-Sadriu Vjosa
Published: December 2020

The importance and influence of the CISG as an international treaty should not only be assessed from the perspective of the number of ratifications it received from around the globe. It should, rather, also include an analysis of the impact the Convention has had on domestic jurisdictions, either by being used as a model law for domestic sales law, or simply by influencing the reform process while different countries were drafting their new contract law. For that reason, this paper shall present a number of examples where the effect of the CISG has gone beyond its initial purpose of creating uniform rules in international trade. This paper initially shows the interesting case of Kosovo, where the text of the CISG was used as domestic law for sales contracts for more than a decade. It further shows some other examples, from Nordic countries and beyond, where the CISG was either used as a model for domestic sales or as a source of inspiration for drafting contract law.
Inhibitory Effects of Cortex Dictamni Aqueous Extract on Dipeptidyl Peptidase I and Chymase Activities and the Screening of Active Ingredients in Cortex Dictamni Based on Molecular Docking Technique
Authors: Wang Qi , Wei Tao , Zhou Xiaoying
Published: December 2020

Dipeptidyl peptidase I (DPPI) and chymase, the granulo-proteases produced and released by mast cells, are important targets of anti-inflammatory drug research and development. Cortex Dictamni is a definite nature drug with anti-inflammatory activity, but the mechanism is unclear and effects of Cortex Dictamni on DPPI and chymase are unknown. This study focuses on effects of Cortex Dictamni aqueous extract (CDAE) on DPPI and chymase activities using cell model, bio-molecular interactions and the Molecular docking study by Discovery Studio (DS) analysis. The results showed that CDAE could significantly inhibit DPPI and chymase activities in vitro and in living rat spleen lymphocytes. Molecular docking simulation demonstrated that Troxerutin, the one of the active compounds of Cortex Dictamni, formed a hydrogen bond with amino acid ILE429 and a strong hydrophobic interaction with TYR64 CYS234 PRO279 ALA382 of DPPI. These interactions allow Troxerutin to form a stable complex with the DPPI, implicating that Troxerutin might be a potential natural inhibitor of DPPI. Dictamnoside M, another active compound of Cortex Dictamni formed hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions within the binding pocket of chymase domain and form a stable complex with the chymase. Dictamnoside M maybe a potential natural inhibitor of chymase. This study suggested a new nature inhibitor Cortex Dictamni and its active components with the anti-inflammatory effects.
Satisfaction in Old Age: Activity or Disengagement?
Authors: Saha Sumi Rani , Zaman Ashik
Published: December 2020

The aging process of human being is intertwined with two vital aspects of life experiences; work and retirement when elderly people face greater uncertainties than other age groups as they have to replace themselves in the newer environs with shifting roles. Thus, in this process, researchers have queries whether elderly disengage or withdraw, whether their disengagement or activity brings satisfactions and how is their attitude towards the functionality of disengagement. To measure these, disengagement and activity theories have been used with descriptive research design when respondents were selected purposively and interviewed Face-to-Face. Most of the elderly in Bangladesh believe themselves to be forced to retire. A significant portion of retired elderly answered that they wanted to be engaged instead retire but, in reality, most of them enjoy disengagement escaping from earlier activities that ensures their quality of life and satisfaction. After all, it is found that disengagement is functional as the sense that the elderly people give up their positions to the young as they are not able to defeat them in the activity level.
Decisiones de costos después de la pandemia
Authors: Landaverde Luis
Published: December 2020

This opinion article shows and explains some guidelines to take into account for the development of efficient cost management by virtue of the plans and operations that will be carried out in future periods; where companies and decision makers expect the best results possible in financial matters.
Realidad Empresarial No. 10, 2020: 11-13
La publicidad digital: una alternativa de marketing ante la emergencia
Authors: Canales Caleb
Published: December 2020

Given the need that companies have to adapt their business to emergency contexts, it is essential to use marketing programs to reinforce communication with different audiences. Advertising as such can make a difference by using consumer data in creative and strategic communication proposals in virtual environments. This article reflects on digital advertising as a process and defines functions and activities immersed in its design, implementation and control. The fifteen activities described in the model propose an integrative vision of decisions about brand, consumer data, aspects of message design and audiovisual execution.
Realidad Empresarial No. 10, 2020: 25-31
Principios necesarios en torno a la deconstrucción del marketing
Authors: Molina Jorge , Alvarado Isabel , Canales Caleb , Perla Ana Evelin
Published: December 2020

Traditionally, the concept of marketing is used as a synonym for irresponsible marketing. It is synonymous with actions that, without an ethical vision, focus on increasing sales through a series of strategies. It is common to link marketing to ideas such as "manipulation" or to advertising efforts that denigrate people with the aim of increasing sales or positioning brands. This article is an interdisciplinary effort that aims to deconstruct the traditional and dominant ideas surrounding marketing. To carry out this analysis, two proposals are put forward. First, the approach to consumer systems by making a historical review of the contribution that some disciplines, such as economics and psychology, have made. Second, the concept of assemblages as a means of analyzing the relationships that these systems currently possess, and the possible emerging relationships. An example is given of the impact of advertising and other marketing efforts with sexist content and how this Impact is related to different systems, from creative design to the social context in which this type of content is framed; which not only enables its construction, but also contributes to an irresponsible marketing notion, helping to reproduce and naturalize this model.
Realidad Empresarial No. 10, 2020: 52-64
Blochchain en el sector de consumo
Authors: El Salvador, S.A. de C.V. Ernst & Young,
Published: December 2020

Abstracts are not available.
Realidad Empresarial No. 10, 2020: 92-98
¿Tomando decisiones con el corazón?
Authors: Alvarado Carabante Hernán
Published: December 2020

Abstracts are not available.
Realidad Empresarial No. 10, 2020: 99-101
¿Cómo se encuentra el clima organizacional en las empresas de El Salvador en tiempos de pandemia COVID-19?
Authors: Vaquerano Amaya Adán , Flores Polanco Marta Irene , Morán Valencia Marcos Antonio
Published: December 2020

Abstracts are not available.
Realidad Empresarial No. 10, 2020: 102-105
Balcomoro
Authors: Herrera García Mirian Georgina , Alfaro Darío
Published: December 2020

Abstracts are not available.
Realidad Empresarial No. 10, 2020: 106-108
La Forestería Comunitaria en Honduras: estrategia para la reducción de la pobreza rural
Authors: Lino Ruiz Julio Emilio
Published: December 2020

La Forestería Comunitaria (FC) en Honduras se ha considerado y explicado desde muchos puntos de vista. Algunos la han considerado enfocados desde el propio escenario de las comunidades asentadas en o alrededor de los bosques, como una necesidad para proteger los recursos naturales, de manera que sean útiles para las ciudades o comunidades urbanas. En tanto, para otros, en oposición a ese punto, la han explicado como una oportunidad generadora de beneficios que promueven el mejoramiento de las condiciones y calidad de vida de los pobladores que habitan las comunidades rurales. El dilema se presenta por su enfoque de reducción de la pobreza rural a través de promover el desarrollo de estas comunidades, al tiempo que fomenta el óptimo aprovechamiento de los recursos naturales del bosque, de lo cual también obtienen beneficios los asentamientos urbanos. Estos planteamientos que toman como punto de partida el Sistema Social Forestal y a partir de ahí justifican la FC, no han venido funcionando como se esperaba; puesto que las organizaciones agroforestales comunitarias, usufructuarias de bosques, se enfocaron principalmente en el aprovechamiento de la madera y la resina, desatendiendo las actividades de protección del bosque. De manera que esto nos lleva a tener frente a nosotros una pregunta mucho más profunda: ¿Es la gestión de la Forestería Comunitaria en Honduras influenciada por los centros urbanos?
DIAGNÓSTICO E CARACTERIZAÇÃO DA ARBORIZAÇÃO URBANA DE VIAS PÚBLICAS DA CIDADE DE ARAÇUAÍ, SEMIÁRIDO DE MINAS GERAIS
Authors: Almeida Silva Anderson , Mesquita Cardoso Kaíque
Published: December 2020

Objetivou-se diagnosticar e caracterizar o estado da arborização urbana na cidade de Araçuaí, região Semiárida do nordeste de Minas Gerais, por meio de um levantamento florístico quali-quantitativo, utilizando formulário estruturado. Para avaliar a arborização urbana das vias adotou-se o inventário florestal por amostragem casual estratificada, agrupando 32 bairros em 9 setores. As unidades amostrais foram compostas pelos quarteirões (171), os quais foram selecionados e georreferenciados previamente à coleta de dados.  Amostraram-se 1.090 indivíduos, distribuídos em 62 gêneros botânicos e 58 espécies entre árvores e arbustos, das quais 74,14% são exóticas, além de apresentar densidade arbórea abaixo do ideal. As espécies que apresentaram maiores abundâncias foram Azadiractha indica (30,73%) e Licania tomentosa (20,40%), ambas com percentuais que ultrapassaram o recomendado. No geral, os indivíduos possuem fitossanidade boa, predominância de circunferências maiores que 45 centímetros e alturas totais menores que 6 metros. A altura da primeira bifurcação e largura do passeio possui valores abaixo do recomendado. A condição da raiz é “boa”, há percentuais significativos de copas em conflito com a fiação, além dos avanços de copa, tanto para rua quanto para a construção. Há necessidade de podas que variam de leves a drásticas em todos os setores.
The Development of the Austrian Jazz Scene and Its Identity 1960-1980
Authors: Bruckner-Haring Christa
Published: December 2020

In Austria, a country steeped in music history and famous for composers such as Mozart, Haydn, and Bruckner, jazz was quick to earn a place in the cultural landscape. After World War II, important jazz scenes rapidly evolved in Vienna and Graz and, particularly from the 1960s onwards, grew into a strong and independent national jazz scene. Its musicians and ensembles focussed on developing their own characteristics and styles. This article examines primary aspects of the jazz scene during these formative years, such as the series of amateur jazz festivals held in the 1960s, Friedrich Gulda's commitment to jazz, Graz as a jazz centre and the institutionalisation of jazz at the Academy of Music in Graz in 1965, the role of the Austrian broadcasting network (ORF), and the impact of the Vienna Art Orchestra. In addition to archival records and musicological and journalistic texts, interviews conducted with members of different parts of the jazz scene offer important insights into the development of jazz during this period (with musicians, ensembles, educators and researchers, festival and venue organisers, agencies and policy makers, members of the media). This article offers an overview of pertinent aspects of the Austrian jazz scene between 1960 and 1980, revealing opinions about the influence of these aspects on the formation of Austrian jazz identity.