bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical Findings in Four Siblings with Genetically Proven Oguchi Disease
Authors: Ilhan Cagri , Citirik Mehmet , Teke Mehmet Yasin , Dulger Selda Celik
Published: January 2021

Purpose:

To assess the clinical findings in normal daylight status and 3 h of dark-adapted status in family members with Oguchi disease (OD).

Methods:

Four siblings with OD and their parents were included in this case series. The presence of disease was confirmed with genetic analysis and comprehensive clinical evaluation. Corrected distant visual acuity (CDVA), automated visual field analysis (VFA), optical coherence tomography (OCT), OCT angiography (OCTA), colored fundus photography, fundus autofluorescence (FAF), fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), electroretinography (ERG), and dark adaptation test (DAT) results were obtained in normal daylight status. On the next day, after 3 h of dark adaptation, the patients were re-evaluated. The findings obtained in normal daylight status and 3 h dark-adapted status were compared.

Results:

The mean age of the four sibling subjects was 15.25 ± 2.2 years. All subjects had 20/20 CDVA and normal VFA. There was no abnormality in OCT and OCTA in normal daylight status and 3 h of dark-adapted status. Colored fundus photographs showed characteristic golden-yellow colored reflex in the mid-peripheral retina in normal daylight status, and discoloration in 3 h of dark-adapted status. In FAF and FFA, no abnormal pattern was observed in normal daylight status and 3 h of dark-adapted status. ERG showed rod function alterations and normal cone function. DAT showed delayed rod adaptation and normal cone adaptation. ERG and DAT findings remained unchanged after 3 h of dark adaptation.

Conclusion:

After 3 h of dark adaptation, golden-yellow fundus color returns to normal in patients with OD; however, rod function alterations and normal cone function in ERG, as well as delayed rod adaptation and normal cone adaptation in DAT remain unchanged.
Recurrent Periorbital Cellulitis Secondary to Cyclic Neutropenia
Authors: Raad Nasim , Bagheri Abbas , Eskandari Yousef , Tavakoli Mehdi
Published: January 2021

Purpose:

To present a 1-year-old boy with cyclic neutropenia who presented with multiple episodes of periorbital cellulitis (POC).

Methods:

The child presented with three episodes of POC. In the second episode, the cellulitis was associated with nasolacrimal duct obstruction, and in the third episode, a pansinusitis was noted. He underwent a thorough systemic evaluation.

Results:

Patient's evaluation revealed the diagnosis of cyclic neutropenia.

Conclusion:

This report emphasizes the possibility of an underlying immunodeficiency with recurrent POC, even in an apparently healthy child.
Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada Is a Curable Autoimmune Disease
Authors: Papasavvas Ioannis , Tugal-Tutkun Ilknur , Herbort Carl P.
Published: January 2021

Purpose:

It is crucial to subdivide Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada (VKH) disease into two subentities, initial-onset disease versus chronically evolving disease. For early diagnosis and precise follow-up of VKH choroiditis, the “Revised criteria for VKH” are no more sufficient for the appraisal of VKH and new biomarkers for disease activity are needed. It has been shown that, if initial-onset disease is treated promptly within the “therapeutic window of opportunity” and long enough with dual steroidal and non-steroidal immunosuppression, the disease can be cured in a large proportion of cases, an approach still contested. The proportion of chronic evolution and/or sunset-glow fundus (SGF) following steroidal monotherapy versus dual steroidal and non-steroidal immunosuppression was compared.

Methods:

A literature search was performed, identifying studies on initial-onset VKH treated either by steroidal monotherapy or dual immunosuppression. Evolution toward chronicity and/or SGF was compared in both groups.

Results:

Twenty studies were identified with reported long-term outcomes. In 16 studies, 802 patients received steroidal monotherapy, while in 4 studies, 172 patients received dual steroidal and non-steroidal immunosuppression. Chronic evolution and SGF occurred, respectively, in 44% and 59% in the corticosteroid-alone group versus 2.3% and 17.5% in the dual therapy group with no chronic evolution in three studies and no SGF in two studies.

Conclusions:

Chronic evolution and SGF are significantly less frequent in initial-onset VKH when treated with immediate dual steroidal and non-steroidal immunosuppression with a high proportion of healed cases. This combined approach seems recommended in the management of initial-onset VKH disease.
Psychometric Assessment of the Persian Version of the Revised Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey in Young Adults with Convergence Insufficiency
Authors: Nabovati Payam , Kamali Mohammad , Khabazkhoob Mehdi , Mirzajani Ali , Jafarzadehpur Ebrahim
Published: January 2021

Purpose:

To translate the Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey (CISS) to Persian and to assess its validity and reliability in a group of young adult Iranian patients with convergence insufficiency (CI).

Methods:

The questionnaire was translated in backward and forward phases. Face validity was measured using a 6-point scale (very weak, weak, moderate, good, very good, best), and a score of =4 for each item indicated an acceptable face validity. The content validity was assessed using three indices of relevancy, clarity, and comprehensiveness. Relevancy and clarity were checked for each item and for the whole scale using a 4-point scale (1-undesirable, 2-relatively desirable, 3-desirable, 4-completely desirable), and Item Content Validity Index (I-CVI) and Scale Content Validity Index (S-CVI) were calculated for the above indices. Comprehensiveness was measured at the scale level using a 4-point scale (1-incomprehensive, 2-relatively comprehensive, 3-comprehensive, 4-totally comprehensive), and S-CVI was calculated. The internal consistency and test-retest reliability were assessed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient and interclass correlation coefficient (ICC), respectively. To evaluate discriminant validity, CI was categorized into mild, moderate, and severe stages, and the mean overall CISS score was compared between these groups.

Results:

Thirty CI patients aged 18–34 years participated in this study. On face validity assessment, all items finally had a score of ≥4. As for relevancy and clarity, I-CVI was above 80% for all items, and S-CVI was 98.8% and 96.6%, respectively. The S-CVI was 100% for comprehensiveness. The overall Cronbach's coefficient and ICC were 0.77 and 0.95, respectively. There was a significant difference in the overall score between the three severity groups.

Conclusion:

The Persian CISS is a valid and reliable tool for clinical and research applications.
An Ophthalmic Insight Into Novel Coronavirus 2019 Disease
Authors: Badawi Amani E , Elsheikh Sara S , Addeen Sarah Zaher , Soliman Mostafa A , Abd-Rabu Rami , Abdella Walid Shaban , Gad Elham A
Published: January 2021

Purpose:

To discuss the ocular manifestations provoked by novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) disease in humans, the natural history of the disease in the eye, and its treatment.

Methods:

We designed a narrative review of the ocular manifestations of COVID-19 based on the literature published till July 30, 2020. The databases were PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect. The inclusion criteria were (1) all types of clinical studies and (2) the topic was COVID-19 and its association to the eye regarding the current guidelines.

Results:

From 168 abstracts screened, 61 papers fully filled the inclusion criteria after the full-text screening. The 61 records include 13 case reports, 17 prospective (case series or cross-sectional) studies, 8 retrospective studies, 12 literature reviews (one systematic review), and 11 letters to the editor. The majority of the papers agreed that ophthalmic manifestations due to COVID-19 were few and rarely encountered. The main ocular pathology seemed to be conjunctivitis, where the viral polymerase chain reaction also happened to be most detectable. Posterior segment or neuro-ophthalmic manifestations were scarce. Viral genome detection in the eye as well as viral portal of entry to the globe is still vague.

Conclusion:

The exact incidence of ocular manifestations in COVID-19 disease is uncertain. Conjunctivitis is the most prevalent ocular manifestation. It is still a debate whether the eye is a portal of entry for infection.
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Onion Extract, Topical Steroid, and Petrolatum Emollient in Cosmetic Appearance of Upper Blepharoplasty Scar
Authors: Owji Naser , Khalili Mohammad Reza , Khademi Behzad , Shirvani Mohammad , Sadati Maryam Sadat
Published: January 2021

Purpose:

To compare the effectiveness of onion extract, topical steroid, and petrolatum emollient in the prevention of scars in cases who underwent bilateral upper eyelid blepharoplasty.

Methods:

A prospective, interventional, comparative, double-blinded case series was designed on cases who underwent upper lid blepharoplasty. After suture removal (1 week following the surgery), the eyelids of participants were randomly allocated into the three groups: The first group used onion extract on the right eyelids (n = 18), and the second group used topical steroid on the right eyelids (n = 19). In the third group, the control group, petrolatum emollient was used on the left eyelids (n = 37) of the first and second group's cases. They used drugs for 2 months and were evaluated by the Manchester Scar Scale (MSS) objectively by two graders who were blinded to the type of medication. MSS evaluates five different characteristics of the scar in addition to the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). These characteristics include color, distortion, contour, texture, and transparency. VAS scores the overall scar appearance which ranged among 0–10. The sum of the scores for the five different parameters, and VAS was calculated, analyzed, and compared among the groups.

Results:

A total of 37 cases (74 eyelids) who underwent bilateral upper blepharoplasty were included. The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of age was 51.94 ± 9.26 years, 49.40 ± 9.37 years, and 47.00 ± 9.06 years in the onion extract, topical steroid, and petrolatum emollient groups, respectively (P = 0.275). There were no statistically significant differences in the mean ± SD of the sum of the MSS scores among the three groups (P = 0.924) or between the onion extract and topical steroid groups (P = 0.951). Furthermore, the color, distortion, contour, texture, transparency, and VAS scores were not statistically significantly different among the three groups or between the onion extract and topical steroid groups (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:

There were no significant differences among these three groups of drugs regarding the appearance of the upper blepharoplasty scar.
Extragonadal Mixed Germ Cell Tumor Presenting as Large Mass in the Pelvic Cavity
Authors: Aggarwal Roopak , Pandey Pinki , Agarwal Savita , Shukla Vandana , Chaturvedi Vineet , Singh Somender P
Published: January 2021

Extragonadal germ cell tumors are relatively rare tumor, which usually occurs in the mediastinum or retroperitoneum. In this report, we present a case of primary mixed germ cell tumor (GCT) arising in the pelvic cavity. A 38-year-old male with acute abdominal pain was admitted to our hospital. Computed tomography scan imaging demonstrated a large mass in the pelvic cavity. Histological examination of the specimen revealed germ cell tumor with dual morphology. Immunohistochemical studies detected placental alkaline phosphatase (ALP), OCT3/4, ALP, and pancytokeratin. Taking these results together with the patient's other clinical manifestations, this case was diagnosed with mixed GCT, i.e., seminoma plus yolk sac tumor. Chemotherapy was successful. Mixed germ cell tumor in the pelvic cavity is extremely rare but should be considered as a cause of pelvic mass formation.
Potential Public Health Impact of the Development of Antimicrobial Resistance in Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa on Repeated Exposure to Biocides In vitro
Authors: Vaz Sherwyn , Lall Mahima
Published: January 2021

Background:

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a real threat having the potential of impacting public health immensely. Biocides may contribute to AMR as they are routinely used in household formulations, often in suboptimal concentrations. Gram-negative bacteria like Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) can adapt to biocides such as chlorhexidine and cetrimide (CHX + CET) on repeated exposure and develop cross-resistance to antibiotics.

Aim and Objective:

The aim was to test CHX + CET laboratory-adapted clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa for the development of cross-resistance to antipseudomonal antibiotics.

Materials and Methods:

Ten clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa were included in the study. The initial antibiotic susceptibility pattern was noted before they were exposed to increasing concentrations of CHX + CET over several days. Briefly, 10 μl of bacterial suspension was inoculated into 10 ml of nutrient broth with the biocide and incubated at 37°C for 48 h. New series of tubes with increasing concentration of biocide were inoculated with growth from the previous tube every 48 h. Till, no further growth was obtained. Antibiotic susceptibility testing for antipseudomonal antibiotics by the disc diffusion as well as the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by VITEK 2 bacterial identification system was performed and repeated before and after exposure to the biocide. The difference in the zone diameter and MIC was noted.

Results:

Significant difference (P < 0.05) in the mean of the zone size before and after exposure to CHX + CET was noted. Furthermore, there was an increase in MIC postexposure to the biocide.

Conclusions:

P. aeruginosa on exposure to biocides developed antibiotic resistance.
Vein of Galen Malformation Presenting as Severe Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension In Neonate
Authors: Malwade Sudhir D , Chalipat Shiji S , Agarkhedkar Sharad R , Surana Mayank
Published: January 2021

Vein of Galen malformation (VOGM) is a rare type of arteriovenous malformation with majority presenting in neonatal period. The most common presentation is high output cardiac failure and association with persistent pulmonary hypertension (PPHN) is rarely reported. If left untreated mortality rate is very high. Endovascular embolization is the preferred treatment modality at present. We describe a full-term male baby presented at 1 h of life with respiratory distress, eventually diagnosed to have PPHN on echocardiography. Ultrasonography cranium done in view of cranial bruit revealed VOGM which later confirmed with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging brain and MR angio and venography. All supportive measures were provided. But because of hemodynamic instability endovascular embolization could not be attempted and baby succumbed due to severe refractory PPHN. We should consider the possibility of VOGM in all refractory cases of PPHN even though the association is very rare.
A Study of Brachial Plexus Sheath and Dye Spread Through the Sheath in Single- and Multi-Directional Injections in Cadaver
Authors: Chaudhury Subhramoy , Ghosh Anasuya
Published: January 2021

Background:

The in-depth understanding of the anatomy of brachial plexus (BP) sheath is very important for the successful application of BP block. The flow dynamics of injectable anesthetic might vary depending on the site and mode of injection. The objectives of this study were to explore and document the detailed anatomy of BP sheath and to compare the dye spread by injections given in single direction and multi-directional approaches in formalin-fixed cadavers.

Materials and Methods:

This study is a descriptive, observational, and cross-sectional study based on findings on cadaver dissection and injecting dye in cadavers. Twenty-four sides of 12 well-embalmed cadavers were utilized for injecting dye solution into the intact brachial sheath by single-direction and multi-direction injection approaches at the axillary level. All the cadavers were dissected to compare the spread of dye in two approaches. In addition, one more cadaver was utilized for a detailed dissection of the infraclavicular part of BP sheath and its contents without injecting dye. Microsoft Excel software was used for statistical analysis.

Results:

We observed BP sheath was a fibrous connective tissue sheath-containing multiple neurovascular structures, all of which had individual delicate connective tissue wrapping around them. More uniform dye spread was observed in multi-direction approaches and the musculocutaneous nerve was stained more frequently in multi-direction approach.

Conclusions:

The presence of delicate porous connective tissue wrapping gives a tunnel-like appearance of the infraclavicular part of BP sheath. Multi-directional injections resulted in dye staining of the larger area involving more structures than single-direction injections.
Study of Scalene Tubercle and Morphological Features of the First Rib with Clinical Implications
Authors: Keerthi S. , Prefulla P. R. , Bhuvaneswari B. J. , Mohanapriya E.
Published: January 2021

Aim and Objectives:

The study aims to study the scalene tubercle and morphological features of the first rib with clinical importance.

Materials and Methods:

Two hundred and forty adult human dry first ribs of unknown sex were studied. The morphological features studied were scalene tubercle, vascular groove, oblique ridge, tubercle, and the head of the first rib. The obtained data were recorded and analyzed.

Results:

Scalene tubercle was absent in 13.75%, rudimentary in 23.33%, and hypertrophied in 1.67%. Of 240 first ribs, 1.25% was found with the attached cervical rib. The vascular groove was absent in 11.25%. Oblique ridge was absent in 5.83%. The head and tubercle were observed to be rudimentary in 16.67% and 12.5%, respectively.

Conclusions:

The findings of the present study will be useful for anatomists, anesthetists, forensic surgeons, and general surgeons for the identification of the first rib and management of anomalies related to the first rib.
A Study on Morphological Features of Nutrient Foramen of the Tibia in Human Population of South Bihar Region
Authors: Prasad Shambhu , Sinha Sanjeev Kumar , Suman Swati , Hayat Syed M. B.
Published: January 2021

Background:

Tibia is weight-bearing long bone. Nutrient arteries are the prime source of blood supply for any long bone including tibia. A study of dimensions and location of nutrient foramen and direction of the nutrient artery canal can give an insight into the role that these arteries play in development and sustenance of bone. The objective of the study was to present the morphological features of nutrient foramen of the tibia in South Bihar region.

Materials and Methods:

Sixty tibias (30 of each side) were used for the study. Morphometric analysis of bones was done to find out number, position, and direction of nutrient foramen. We did a comparative study of our findings with observation of previous workers.

Results:

All bones had nutrient foramen. Five percent had double while 95% bones had single foramen. Nutrient canal was directed downward in all bones except one. In 84.13% of bones, nutrient foramen was on the posterior surface; foramen was lateral to the soleal line in 81.13% of these bones. 80.95% of the foramens were situated in the superior third of the tibial shaft.

Conclusion:

Knowledge about possible variations in number, position, and direction of nutrient canal can be of use for preservation of nutrient vessels during surgical procedures as well as in prognostic evaluation of the treatment given.
Quality index of permanent preservation areas of urban water resources: PPAWater
Authors: Vasconcelos Francisca Dalila Menezes , Mota Francisco Suetônio Bastos , Figueirêdo Maria Cléa Brito de
Published: January 2021

Urban expansion is widely acknowledged to have a substantial impact on water bodies. The objective of this work is to propose and apply a composite index to evaluate the quality of Permanent Preservation Areas (PPAs), which protect urban rivers. The PPAWater index aggregates information from six indicators, namely, sanitary sewage, precarious settlement, urban drainage, level of occupation, conservation units, and preservation area, established by the municipal master plan. When applied to sub-basins in the city of Fortaleza, Ceará, the fifth most-populated city in Brazil, the index shows that the localities lacking sufficient sanitation infrastructure and with fewer hectares of protected areas register as the most vulnerable PPAs. The PPAWater index is an important tool to guide urban environmental planning, formulation, and management of public policies for the protection of urban water resources. It can be used by municipal managers to evaluate environmentally sensitive areas.
A predictive growth model for Yarrowia lipolytica ATCC 9773 in wastewater
Authors: Dunoyer Arnulfo Antonio Tarón , Cuello Rafael Emilio González , Castillo Fredy Colpas
Published: January 2021

This study focuses on the development of a secondary model for Yarrowia lipolytica in a sewage treatment process. The raw data of Y. lipolytica growth were adjusted to the Buchanan model in order to obtain growth parameters such as initial count cells (Y0), maximum specific growth rate (μmax), latency phase (λ) and maximum cell population (Ymax). The µ values obtained at different pH levels (5.0 to 8.0) were used to build the secondary model based on a linear equation. The results showed a significant effect of pH on µmax values. The validation process of the developed models displays accuracy (Af) and bias factor (Bf) values close to one, while the values of root mean square error (RMSE) were low, confirming that such models can predict the growth of Y. lipolytica in dairy wastewater. This can be interesting to optimize sewage treatments that involve this kind of microorganism. Moreover, the dairy wastewater was a good substrate to support the Yarrowia lipolytica's growth and could be used to produce enzymes.
Hydrological modeling in a basin of the Brazilian Cerrado biome
Authors: Rodrigues Jéssica Assaid Martins , Andrade Alberto Carlos de Oliveira , Viola Marcelo Ribeiro , Ferreira Danton Diego , Mello Carlos Rogério de , Thebaldi Michael Silveira
Published: January 2021

The Brazilian Cerrado biome (BCB) is among 25 biodiversity hotspots identified worldwide, and covers the recharge area of important aquifers and rivers in South America. The increase in deforestation has been threatening water availability in this region. In order to assist in the water-resource management of the BCB, this study models the daily streamflow in a basin of the Cerrado, using two approaches: a process-based model (Soil and Water Assessment Tool - SWAT) and the data-driven model (Artificial Neural Network - ANN). The performance of the models was evaluated by the Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient (NSE), coefficient of determination (R2) and flow-duration-curves (FDC). The results indicate that SWAT (NSE > 0.61; R2 > 0.68) and ANN (NSE > 0.91; R2 > 0.79) models are suitable tools in daily streamflow modeling of the studied basin, with the ANN model being the most accurate. Based on FDC, the ANN model was also better than the SWAT model for all frequencies evaluated. Thus, the ANN model is a promising new approach for daily streamflow modelling in this region. Moreover, the results of this study can help water-resource managers in planning and implementing appropriate water allocation and conservation measures in the Brazilian Cerrado biome.
The Constitutional Mechanism for the Realization of Social Interest in the Activities of Public Authorities: Organizational and Legal Components
Authors: Antsiferov Nikolay
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to the problems of the legal organization of public authority in the context of ensuring social interest. Given the idea of constitutionally limited power, the study considers two key elements of the mechanism for ensuring social interest - organizational and legal. The content of these elements is considered in the logic of their relationship with one another. Conclusions are made about their complementarity, on the one hand, and a certain degree of competition, on the other hand, and the problems of collisions between the elements under consideration are also revealed.
Local Public Services Delivery Mechanisms: A Literature Review
Authors: Petkovšek Veronika , Hrovatin Nevenka , Pevcin Primož
Published: January 2021

The paper presents a literature review about local public services delivery mechanisms like: in-house provisions, privatization, and inter-municipal cooperation. The aim of this paper is to review the development of the studied field, to find out which delivery mechanism dominates in a certain period of time, and to review which economic research focus dominates in the studied field. Possible effects on the economies of scale, costs reductions, efficiency, and other economic-political-institutional-social factors in the provision of local public services are scrutinized, using a content analysis breakdown. Results show that most studies are country studies and empirical studies in increasing numbers in recent years. The choice of local public services delivery mechanisms are mostly influenced by the size of the local government, the efficiency of service provision, the resources available, and the institutional framework. Politics and market competition also play a role in the decision-making process.
Vitamin D ve Antikanserojenik Etkileri
Authors: ARI Murat
Published: January 2021

Vitamin D, yağda ve organik çözücülerde çözünen, fakat suda çözünmeyen, sahip olduğu reseptörleri aracılığıyla her organ ve dokuya ulaşıp önemli görevler yapması sebebiyle hormon benzeri görev yapan bir grup sterol olarak ifade edilir. Kalsiyum ve fosfor metabolizmasının devamlılığının sağlanmasında majör rol oynar. Yapılan pek çok çalışmada, D vitamininin aktif formu olan 1,25-OH2D3’ün aynı zamanda hücre proliferasyonu, apoptotik ve antioksidan etkilerinin de olduğu ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Bu derlemenin amacı, vitamin D ve metabolitlerinin herkes tarafından bilinen majör rolünün yanı sıra kanser ve buna bağlı olarak otoimmun hastalıklar, bağışıklık sistemi ile ilgili ilişkilerini vurgulamaktır.
Modelo de política criminal de drogas en España: la tenencia para el consumo y el tráfico de drogas
Authors: Reverendo Garau Marilha Gabriela
Published: January 2021

La norma básica actual del tráfico de drogas está redactada en el artículo 368 del Código Penal español. La imprecisión en la descripción legal de la conducta típica constituye un paradigma de lo que la Doctrina Penal denomina un tipo abierto. La existencia de tipos penales imprecisos provoca la posibilidad de que existan posturas discrepantes y contradictorias, en muchos casos, por parte de los Juzgados y Tribunales que han de aplicar la norma. El análisis parte del histórico de las políticas públicas y legislativas de España, presentando leyes pasadas y actuales, comparando los cambios en el tratamiento de las conductas relativas al tráfico y al consumo de sustancia psicoactivas. A partir de la presentación de las particularidades jurídicos-penales, son analizadas tratamientos legales y jurisprudenciales para diferenciar a los casos de posesión para el consumo y para el tráfico de drogas.
ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF TRICHODERMA VIRIDAE, CALOTROPIS GIGANTEA EXTRACT AGAINST FUNGAL PATHOGENS OF JUTE PLANT.
Authors: Khadka Kabiraj , Shakya Jenish , Dhungana Bidhya , Khana Hemanta , Kumar Shrestha Bijay
Published: January 2021

Jute is infected by more than 12 types of phytopathogenic fungi. Charcoal rot,
anthracnose and Fusarium rot are major jute diseases of eastern Nepal. Hence, the
objective of this study was to control three fungal pathogens viz; Macrophominia
phaseolinia, Fusarium solani and Colletotrichum species using Trichoderma viridae
and Calotropis gigantea extract. All fungal pathogens were isolated from jute field.
Occurrence of each disease was checked. Calotropis gigantea extract as well as
Trichoderma showed good antifungal activity. In this study, 7% methanolic extract
solution of Calotropis showed 43.6% inhibition of Colletotrichum, 38.91% inhibition
on Fusarium solani and 37.81% inhibition on Macrophominia phaseolinia. Similarly,
Trichoderma viridae inhibited the Fusarium solani growth by 51.33%,
Macrophominia phaseolinia growth by 39.50% and Colletotrichum growth by
36.12%. The antifungal activity of Calotropis extract against test and control was
statistically significant (p<0.001). It is concluded that biological control agents like
Trichoderma viridae, Calotropis gigantea can effectively reduce the fungal
phytopathogens of jute and can be used as good alternatives to fungicides in farming
Giant Condylomata Acuminata or Buschke-Löwenstein Tumour: Clinic and Dermoscopy
Authors:   Department of Dermatology, Hassan II Hospital University Sidi Harazzem Fez, Morocco, Dahhouki Sara , Achehboune Kaoutar ,   Department of Dermatology, Hassan II Hospital University Sidi Harazzem Fez, Morocco, Bennani Mounia ,   Department of Dermatology, Hassan II Hospital University Sidi Harazzem Fez, Morocco, Douhi Zakia ,   Department of Dermatology, Hassan II Hospital University Sidi Harazzem Fez, Morocco, Elloudi Sara ,   Department of Dermatology, Hassan II Hospital University Sidi Harazzem Fez, Morocco, Baybay Hanane ,   Department of Dermatology, Hassan II Hospital University Sidi Harazzem Fez, Morocco, Mernissi Fatima Zahra ,   Department of Dermatology, Hassan II Hospital University Sidi Harazzem Fez, Morocco, Mohammed Amine Houssa ,   Department of Plastic and Reconstructive surgery, Hassan II Hospital University, Fez, Morocco, Cherkaoui Belmaati Ghita ,   Department of Plastic and Reconstructive surgery, Hassan II Hospital University, Fez, Morocco, Aya Oufkir ,   Department of Plastic and Reconstructive surgery, Hassan II Hospital University, Fez, Morocco
Published: January 2021

The Buschke-Löwenstein tumor, also known as, giant condyloma acuminatum is an extremely rare sexually transmitted disease associated due to human papilloma virus infection, mostly Type 6 or 11.
PERAN ALOKASI DANA DESA BAGI PENINGKATAN KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT DESA KAJAR TENGUULI KECAMATAN PRAMBIN KABUPATEN SIDAORJO
Authors: Wahyono Abdul Hendriyanto , Fattah Anggraeni
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis peran Alokasi Dana Desa bagi peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat Desa Kajar Tengguli. Data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder, data primer didapatkan saat melakukan penelitian di lokasi penelitaian, sedangkan data sekunder didapatkan dari jurnal, penelitian terdahulu dan beberapa referensi lainnya. Objek penelitian ini adalah Desa Kajar Tenguli Kecamatan Prambon Kabupaten Sidoarjo. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif melalui deskriptif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: (1)Untuk mengetahui pengelolaan Alokasi Dana Desa (ADD) di Desa Kajar Tengguli Kecamatan Prambon Kabupaten Sidoarjo, (2) Untuk mengetahui peran Alokasi Dana Desa (ADD) bagi peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat Desa Kajar Tengguli Kecamatan Prambon Kabupaten Sidoarjo. Hasil penelitian ini adalah peran Alokasi Dana Desa bagi peningktan masyarakat Desa Kajar Tengguli sebagai berikut, Meningkatkan tingkat kesehatan mayarakat Desa Kajar Tengguli, Meningkatkan tingkat pendidikan di Desa Kajar Tengguli, Meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat Desa Kajar Tengguli. Hal tersebut dapat dilihat dari adanya peningkatan dalam beberapa indikator kesejahteraan, mulai dari tingkat pendapatan, tingkat kesehatan, tingkat pendidikan, tingkat perumahan dan tingkat pengeluaran konsumsi masyarakat. Peningkatan yang terjadi karena adanya peningkatan pemberdayaan masyarakat desa yang dilakukan pemerintah desa.
ANALISIS PENGAKUAN PENDAPATAN PERUSAHAAN DARI PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH PRODUKSI DALAM SAK ETAP PADA CV. FRITA ARTA PRIMA DI SURABAYA
Authors: Wahyu Ade , Masyhad Masyhad , Rahman Arief
Published: January 2021

Pada perusahaan CV. Frita Arta Prima terdapat banyak sisa-sisa bahan dari proses produksi. Sisa bahan tersebut berupa serbuk kayu halus dan serbuk kayu kasar. Dimana dari sisa bahan ini perusahaan akan mendapatkan sumber pendapatan bagi perusahaan. Pendapatan adalah arus masuk bruto dari manfaat ekonomi yang timbul dari aktivitas normalentitas selama suatu periode ketika arus masuk itu mengakibatkan kenaikan ekuitas, yang tidak berasal dari kontribusi penanaman modal. Dari aktivitas diatas akan muncul suatu masalah tentang bagaimana pengakuan serta pencatatan atas pendapatan tersebut yang sesuai dengan SAK ETAP tahun 2016. Disini penulis memberikan suatu gambaran atau hasil penelitian tentang aktivitas tersebut dimana penjualan dari sisa bahan tersebut masuk kedalam pendapatan lain-lain pada laporan laba rugi perusahaan. Dimana perusahaan telah menjual serbuk kayu Rp. 150.000/ Kg dan telah menjual 540 Kg selama 1 tahun.
PENGARUH LEVERAGE, PROFITABILITAS DAN COMPANY SIZE TERHADAP PENGUNGKAPAN CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PADA PERUSAHAAN FOOD AND BEVERAGES YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI (2016-2018)
Authors: Aprillia Alfia Rizqi , Rahman Arief , Hidayati Kusni
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh rasio leverage, profitabilitas dan company size terhadap pengungkapan CSR secara simultan dan parsial pada perusahaan Food and Beverages yang terdaftar di BEI periode tahun 2016-2018. Sampel penelitian dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling sehingga didapatkan 16 perusahaan (48 firm year). Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah uji asumsi klasik yang terdiri dari uji normalitas, uji multikolonieritas, uji autokorelasi. Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan uji F dan uji t. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dan pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa secara parsial leverage berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pengungkapan CSR. Sedangkan profitabilitas dan company size secara parsial tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pengungkapan CSR. Hasil uji F menunjukkan bahwa leverage, profitabilitas dan company size berpengaruh secara simultan terhadap pengungkapan CSR.
Честер Бити папируси
Authors: Брус Фредерик Фајви
Published: January 2021

Гру­па па­пи­ру­са из Егип­та, ко­ју је од пре­про­да­ва­ца ку­пио го­спо­дин Ал­фред Че­стер Би­ти, углав­ном је из тре­ћег ве­ка. На па­пи­ру­си­ма се на­ла­зе де­ло­ви два­на­ест раз­ли­чи­тих ру­ко­пи­са, од ко­јих осам са­др­жи делове Ста­рог За­ве­та на грч­ком, три са­др­же де­ло­ве Но­вог За­ве­та, а пре­о­ста­ли ру­ко­пис са­др­жи де­ло­ве Књи­ге Ено­хо­ве и хри­шћан­ску оми­ли­ју. Ови ру­ко­пи­си за­ни­мљи­ви су због то­га што ни­су у фор­ми свит­ка, већ су у фор­ми ко­дек­са. По­ме­ну­ти па­пи­ру­си по­ја­ви­ли су се упра­во у тре­нут­ку ка­да су из­у­ча­ва­о­ци тек­ста Све­тог Пи­сма сти­гли до ме­ста на ко­јем им је баш ово све­до­чан­ство би­ло нео­п­ход­но — ка­ко би про­ве­ри­ли сво­је за­кључ­ке.
استخدام الأستوديو الافتراضي في قناة رقمية على اليوتيوب لتعليم تصميم ملابس الشخصيات الكرتونية في أفلام ومسلسلات الرسوم المتحركة بالعالم العربي
Authors: عبدالتواب د. خالد عبدالرزاق
Published: January 2021

الملخص: تظل الهوية العربية والإسلامية في مقدمة ما تسعى مجتمعاتنا بصفة عامة، وأبحاثنا العلمية بصفة خاصة، إلى تحصينه، ودعم مقوماته ومرتكزاته، وترسيخ الانتماء إليه، وحمايته من التشويه، ووقايته من الضعف، مع الأخذ بكل متطلبات الإصلاح، وإجراءات التطوير لهذه المجتمعات.
إن ثقافتنا العربية واحدة من أغنى الثقافات في العالم، ويتجلى غناها في تكامل عناصرها المتضمنة لما يلي: المعتقدات التي ارتكزت على العقيدة الإسلامية، والقيم التي تنظم الحياة الاجتماعية، والعناصر المعرفية التي تنظم بها الهوية، والعناصر الرمزية التي ترتكز على اللغة وأبجدياتها.
ومع عصر المعرفة والمعلوماتية، واستحداث أفرع وتصنيفات جديدة للعلوم والفنون والمعارف الإنسانية والطبيعية، وظهور مجموعة من القيم والأبجديات العالمية مقابل القيم المحلية، وتنامى انتشار أفلام الرسوم المتحركة العالمية مقابل أفلام الرسوم المتحركة العربية، وظهور أنماط للتواصل بين بني الإنسان، وظهور أنماط حياتية جديدة في الليل والنهار، فرضت على هويتنا العربية متغيرات وتحديات ألقت بثقلها على مجتمعاتنا العربية.
وتقوم الدراسة الحالية على استغلال الإعلام الرقمي المتطور من خلال أحد أركانه الرئيسة الآن وهي وسائل اليوتيوب، للحفاظ على الهوية المرئية العربية، ودعم الهوية الثقافية العربية من خلال تثبيتها وتعميقها.
حيث يتم استخدام الأستوديو الافتراضي في قناة رقمية على اليوتيوب لتعليم تصميم ملابس الشخصيات الكرتونية في أفلام ومسلسلات الرسوم المتحركة بالعالم العربي، وتعد اليوتيوب والأستوديو الافتراضي من روافد الإعلام الجديد المعبرة عن الثقافات الشعبية والأدبية للدول، بالإضافة إلى كونها وسيلة اتصال بصرية جماعية تلاقي قدراً كبيراً من الاهتمام والاستمتاع من كافة الأطفال والكبار لما تقدمه لهم من أحداث متنوعة من خلال موضوعات ومغامرات مشوقة بالغة التعبير والإثارة ومحركة للخيال.
وبلا شك، فإن تصميم ملابس شخصيات الرسوم المتحركة سواء الكرتونية أو الواقعية ما هي إلا تجسيد لشخصيات في الحياة تحمل انطباعاتها وتصرفاتها وملابسها، بل وتجسد ما بداخل البشر من أحزان وأفراح وما بها من متناقضات وإيجابيات، وهي جزء من التعبير الدرامي في قصة الرسوم المتحركة، وبطبيعة الحال، سيمثل استخدام الأستوديو الافتراضي في قناة رقمية على اليوتيوب لتعليم تصميم ملابس الشخصيات الكرتونية في أفلام ومسلسلات الرسوم المتحركة بالعالم العربي تجسيداً للثقافة والهوية العربية للأحداث والأزمنة.

كلمات مفتاحية: قناة رقمية على اليوتيوب، الأستوديو الافتراضي، تصميم ملابس شخصيات أفلام الرسوم المتحركة.
دور وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي في التَغيُر الاجتماعي والثقافي والأمني للمجتمع العربي من وجهة نظر الصحفيين في الأردن، والإمارات
Authors: السرحان د. حسين سالم
Published: January 2021

الملخص:
يهدف البحث إلى التعرف على دور وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي في التغير الاجتماعي والثقافي والأمني للمجتمع العربي من وجهة نظر الصحفيين في (الأردن، والإمارات) وتم إعداد استبانة كأداة للدراسة، كما وتم استخدام المنهج الوصفي والمسحي لإجرائها، وتكونت عينة الدراسة من (350) فرداً من الصحفيين والإعلاميين، وقد أظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن دور وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي في التغير الاجتماعي والثقافي والأمني جاءت متوسطة، كما أظهرت النتائج عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في تقديرات أفراد العينة للدراسة وفقاً للمتغيرات بكل مجال من مجالات الدراسة وفي الأداة ككل، وأظهرت الدراسة وجود 6 أدوار مستقبلية أتفق عليها أفراد العينة، وقد اشتملت الدراسة على مقدمة وأهمية البحث والمفاهيم والمصطلحات الإجرائية والدراسات السابقة وإشكالية البحث وأهدافه وحدوده الزمانية والمكانية والطرق والإجراءات ومجتمع وعينة وأداة الدراسة واختبار صدق الأداة ومناقشة النتائج، بالإضافة إلى التوصيات التي يقترحها الباحث على ضوء نتائج الدراسة .
أجريت هذه الدراسة في النصف الثاني من عام 2019.
كلمات مفتاحية: وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي- التَغيُر الاجتماعي والثقافي والأمني- المجتمع العربي
Saudi University Girl's use of Social Networking "WhatsApp" and its effect on Gratification
Authors: Ramadan Dr. Aliaa Abdel Fattah
Published: January 2021

Abstract: WhatsApp as a social network application is widely used worldwide due to Wi-Fi connections on mobile phones. This current study aims at tracking the reasons and motivation of its use among Saudi University girls (200 students) via designing a questionnaire. The students ‘responses were coded, and SPSS programs were used to analyze the responses of the sample. The results represent the frequency of the reasons behind using WhatsApp.
Keywords: Social Network – WhatsApp – Gratification.
Organizacioni pristup prevenciji stresa na radu i očuvanju mentalnog zdravlja zaposlenih
Authors: Glomazić Hajdana
Published: January 2021

Stres na radu može biti snažan faktor ugrožavanja mentalnog zdravlja zaposlenih, što rezultira njihovom nižom radnom motivacijom, nezadovoljstvom poslom, smanjenom produktivnošću, uz pripadajući apsentizam ili prezentizam. Efekti ovakvog stanja su finansijski gubici organizacije i društva u celini. Pred menadžere se postavlja zadatak da osmisle funkcionalni organizacioni pristup prevenciji stresa na radu kako bi se šteta redukovala na minimum. Predmet rada predstavlja utvrđivanje odnosa između posledica stresa na radnom mestu i organizacionih sposobnosti da se one prepoznaju i na njih preventivno deluje. Cilj rada je ispitati koje su strategije za prevenciju i prepoznavanje stresa na radu dostupne organizacijama radi očuvanja mentalnog zdravlja zaposlenih. Rezultati su pokazali da organizacije u dovoljnoj meri ne prepoznaju značaj preventivnog delovanja u cilju redukovanja stresa na radu ni na ličnom planu, u smislu brige za mentalno zdravlje zaposlenih, a ni u organizacionom i društvenom, u smislu finansijskih gubitaka po tom osnovu. To se naročito odnosi na mala i srednja preduzeća.
Kockanje kao kriminogeni faktor
Authors: Milošević Slađana , Milošević Višnja
Published: January 2021

Cilj ovog rada je sagledavanje odnosa između kockanja kao već razvijene zavisnosti s jedne strane i kriminalnih ponašanja s druge strane. U radu su najpre prikazana teorijska stanovišta i shvatanja prirode odnosa kockanja i kriminaliteta kao i nekoliko modela koji pokazuju u kojoj meri i na koji način kockanje doprinosi određenom kriminalnom ponašanju. Podaci različih istraživanja potvrđuju da se kriminogeno dejstvo kockanja može izdvojiti kod pojedinih vrsta kriminaliteta. Najčešća vrsta prestupništva povezana sa kockanjem su finansijski motivisana krivična dela kao što su krađe, prevare, pronevere, zatim nasilje u porodici, maloletnička i saobraćajna delinkvencija. Sagledavanje rezultata, takođe, ukazuje na kompleksnu relaciju odnosa kockanja i kriminaliteta, te da ovom kriminogenom faktoru treba posvetiti više pažnje naročito u domaćim kriminološkim istraživanjima.
La eficiencia energética en tiempos de pandemia basado en el consumo energético en hospitales del Perú
Authors: Beraún Espíritu Manuel Michael
Published: January 2021

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Evolução Urbana e Gerenciamento de Resíduos Sólidos em Diadema entre 1974 e 2020: uma análise ambiental integrada
Authors: Moreira Viesba Letícia , Candiani Giovano , Luisa Vietti Bitencourt Ana
Published: January 2021

Este livro demonstra os principais resultados e discussões apresentados na dissertação de mestrado intitulada: “Evolução histórica da paisagem urbana frente ao descarte inadequado de resíduos no município de Diadema (SP)”, apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Análise Ambiental Integrada da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Campus Diadema. Aqui tivemos como premissa a divulgação cientifica dos dados referentes a Diadema, de forma que outras pesquisas e análises possam vir a ser conduzidas. Também com o intuito de colaborar com a elaboração e implementação de políticas públicas municipais.
A Study of Project Financing on the Defense Industry in Systems Thinking Perspective
Authors: Liu Day-Yang , Wang Chia-Kan , Fang Chung-Yi , Liu Pei-Leen
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Taiwan has long faced the threat of force from mainland China. Since Taiwan has
limited defense industry autonomy, it has insufficient self-produced weapons and
must rely on foreign weapon procurement for defense preparation. As a result,
Taiwan ranks among the top 10 U.S. arms sales and exports destination due to the
large quantity of armaments purchased. An autonomous defense industry capability
covers three aspects: independent R&D, production, and formation of the weapon
industry chain. Due to the high complexity, strong integration, large capital
investment, high technology threshold, and long payback period characteristics of
the defense industry; promoting exchanges between the defense industry and private
enterprises can effectively bolster economic development and enhance the
country’s industrial competitiveness in addition to upgrading its advanced
technologies. In addition to the overall government planning and policy promotion,
the defense industry also requires private sector participation. However, private
manufacturers generally have insufficient financial resources and often need to
obtain the necessary funds via project financing. So project financing plays a critical
role to the defense industry development. There are numerous consideration factors
for project financing and the defense industry. Such factors influence each other,
and are correlated and interlinked. All aspects must be considered from a holistic
and structural system perspective. But there is a dearth of literature focusing on the
research of the defense industry and project financing from a systematic perspective.
Therefore, the researcher of this study employed the system dynamics methodology
and used system thinking to construct a qualitative system dynamic analysis model
for Taiwan's defense industry and project financing system. The goal is to provide
reference for countries that desire to develop their own national defense industry.
Keywords: Defense industry, Project financing, System dynamics, System thinking.
Comparative Analysis of Rice Performance and Profitability with the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) and Traditional Practices (TP) in Ziguinchor District, Senegal
Authors: DIEDHIOU Pierre C. C. , SAMBOU Antoine , NDOUR Ousmane NDIAYE, NGor , DIEDHIOU Seydou K.
Published: January 2021

The "System of Rice Intensification"(SRI) represents a sustainable alternative to improve household yields and incomes. This study aimed to evaluate the yields and the profitability of the SRI and the Traditional Practices (TP) in Ziguinchor district, Senegal. A directed sampling based on criteria for selecting the system used and the cultivated varieties common to both systems was applied to collect the yield parameters and yields of paddy rice. Thus, 18 producers in the Badiate, Essyl, and Fanda sites were selected, nine per system and four 1 m2 yield squares were installed in each selected producer plot. A total of 72 yield squares, 36 per system, were installed, and an individual questionnaire was randomly administered to 55 producers using at least one of the systems to collect data on rice production and costs. The yield parameters including the number of fertile tillers per m2, the number of spikes, the weight of the 1000 grains are significantly higher (p<0.05) in the SRI including yield compared to the traditional system. Transplanting density and plant duration are higher in TP (26±5.6 plants/m2 and 26 days) than in SRI (16±0.4 plants/m2 and 16 days). The lower the transplanting density, the higher the yield parameters and the yield. The economic profitability, determined based on the benefit/cost ratio, is higher in SRI (1.5) than in TP (1.2). The SRI required a lot of technicality in its implementation and generated more cost of production. However, SRI was more productive and economically more profitable than the traditional system.
PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS OF BALNEOTHERAPY WITH POTENTIAL IMPLICATIONS FOR CENTRAL ASIAN SPAS AND SANATORIUMS
Authors: Kardeş Sinan , Karagülle Mine
Published: January 2021

Spa therapy includes all modalities/ treatments based on evidence that are administered in spas or sanatoriums. Balneotherapy, the immersion in mineral water, is the main balneological modality in spa therapy programs. Clinical trials performed in Europe, Turkey, and Israel have shown clinical benefits of spa therapy/ balneotherapy in several diseases mainly pertaining to rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases and dermatological diseases as well. However, mechanisms by which balneotherapy may improve the clinical symptoms of patients have been less evaluated/ documented in the literature. Although the literature on mechanisms of action of balneotherapy has still been evolving and accumulating, some evidence from preliminary studies paves the way for generating a hypothesis that balneotherapy has an influence on physiological mechanisms, immune system, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Extrapolation of the evidence-based clinical practice and scientific experience of Europe, Turkey, and Israel to Central Asian spas and sanatoriums is although possible; future studies investigating clinical efficacy, safety profile, and possible mechanisms of action of balneotherapy of regional spas are needed to better understand the role of balneotherapy and whether it has any local differences.