bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correction to “Platelet-rich plasma in the management of Asherman’s syndrome: An RCT” [Int J Reprod BioMed 2020; 18: 113-120]
Authors: Javaheri Atiyeh , Kianfar Katayoon , Pourmasumi Soheila , Eftekhar Maryam
Published: April 2021

This article is a correction to “Platelet-rich plasma in the management of Asherman’s syndrome: An RCT” [Int J Reprod BioMed 2020; 18: 113-120]. Please download the PDF or view the article HTML.
Las resoluciones de la Asamblea General de Naciones Unidas y la costumbre internacional
Authors: Argés Joaquín R.
Published: April 2021

El presente artículo estudia la cuestión de las fuentes del derecho internacional. Entre ellas, y de manera particular, se analiza la costumbre como fuente del derecho y su evolución desde el ius gentium clásico hasta las modernas formas de generar derecho consuetudinario a través de las prácticas internacionales de los Estados. En última instancia, la idea es reflexionar acerca de si ciertas decisiones de la Asamblea General de Naciones Unidas, cumpliendo determinados requisitos, pueden crear nuevas costumbres internacionales, y las consecuencias que pueden derivarse de ello.
Effect of Postpartum Depression in Mothers With 0–1-Year-Old Infants on Father–Infant Attachment
Authors: KORKMAZ Halil , YILAR ERKEK Zümrüt
Published: April 2021

Objective: This analytical, cross-sectional study was designed to determine the effect of postpartum depression in mothers with 0–1 year old infant on father–infant attachment.Methods: The study included 207 mothers and 207 fathers with 0–12-month-old infants. The data were collected using the Introductory Information Form, Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS), and Father–Infant Attachment Scale (FIAS). The data were analyzed using standard deviation, arithmetic mean, Mann–Whitney U test, and correlation analysis.Results: Total 18.3% of the mothers were at risk of postpartum depression, and the mean total EPDS score was 7.19 ± 5.17. The mean total FIAS score was 74.95 ± 6.21. There was no statistically significant difference between the mean sub-scale and total FIAS scores and the mean EPDS scores (p > 0.05). There was a significant, weak, and negative correlation (r = −0.15; r = −0.181) between the EPDS scores and the sub-scale and total FIAS scores (p < 0.05).Conclusion: We concluded that postpartum depression (PPD) in mothers has a negative effect on father–infant attachment. The primary responsibilities of midwives should include determining the factors affecting parent–infant attachment and providing training and consultancy to establish parent–infant communication. A secure father–infant attachment can be achieved by ensuring the participation of fathers during the pregnancy, delivery, and postpartum periods and careful evaluation of mothers in terms of PPD.
Childhood Absence Epilepsy in the Middle Black Sea Region
Authors: ÇIRAKLI Sevgi
Published: April 2021

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate chilhood absence epilepsy in the Middle Black Sea Region.Methods: 14 pediatric patients who treated absence epilepsy between May 2018 and May 2020, and had adequate follow-up were included in the study. Medical record datas were reviewed age, gender, etiology, features of family, treatment, and results.Results: 10 (71%) of the patients were female and 4 (29%) were male. Their average age was 9 years (6-15). Valproate was started in all patients at the time of diagnosis. In the controls 15 days later, no seizure was detected by the family of 5 patients. 5 patients stated that their seizures decreased but continued. In 4 patients, the family did not notice a decrease in seizure frequency. Ethosuximide was added to 9 patients who said that their seizures were still continuing. In the controls 15 days later, 6 patients were found to be cured. However, it was stated that 3 patients had intermittent seizures although they decreased. Lamutrigine was added as the third drug after checking the valproate drug level to these 3 patients, whose treatment was still unsuccessful. 3 patients still have electroencephalography disorder and seizures recognized by the family. With our treatment management, 11 of 14 patients were found to be seizure free. Conclusion: We achieved high success with valproate and ethosuximide in the treatment management of pediatric absence epilepsy.
The Effect of Incidental Parathyroidectomy on Hypocalcemia in Benign and Malignant Thyroid Patients
Authors: CATAL Oğuz , ÖZER Bahri , SİT Mustafa , PELTEK ÖZER Songül
Published: April 2021

Objective: Hypocalcemia is characterized by clinical findings resulting from a decrease in serum calcium (Ca2+) and many etiological factors may cause this condition. The most common cause of postoperative hypocalcemia is hypoparathyroidism and the most frequent complication that occurs after thyroid surgery is hypocalcemia. We aimed to investigate the effect of incidental parathyroidectomy on postoperative early hypocalcemia in patients after thyroid surgery.Methods: Retrospectively analyzed the data of patients who underwent thyroidectomy in General Surgery Department of Abant Izzet Baysal University between January 2009 and December 2018. Age, gender, serum Ca2+ and parathormone (PTH) levels were obtained. The histopathological results of thyroidectomy materials were grouped as benign (Group 1) and malignant (Group 2). Results: The study population was consisted of 3841 patients. 3154 patients were in group 1 and 687 patients were in group 2. The postoperative average serum Ca2+ levels of group 1 and 2 were 8.50 mg/dl (6.80-9.80) and 8,50 mg/dl (6.80-9.80), respectively (p=0.996). Postoperative PTH levels of group 1 and 2 were 44.5 ng/l (0-65) and 44.5 ng/l (0-65), respectively (p=0.979). Overall postoperative hypocalcemia (8.4 mg/dL) was observed in 1742 (45.4%) patients. There was no difference in Ca2+ and PTH levels between group 1 and group 2. Incidental parathyroidectomy (%5.4) was performed in 209 of total study population who underwent thyroidectomy. 155 (4.9%) and 54 (7.9%) of the patients in groups 1 and 2, respectively and the incidental parathyroidectomy rates of the groups were statistically different (p=0.02).Conclusion: We think that incidental parathyroidectomy does not stimulate the development of postoperative hypocalcemia.
A Speed-Variant Balancing Method for Flexible Rotary Machines Based on Acoustic Responses
Authors: Peplow Andrew , Isavand Javad , Kasaei Afshar , Afzali Babak , Bard-Hagberg Delphine
Published: April 2021

As rotary machines have become more complicated, balancing processes have been classified as a vital step in condition monitoring to ensure machines operate both reliably and safely. This is especially important for flexible machines which normally work at rotations speeds above critical limits. Imbalance is a common problem in flexible rotating machinery that can lead to extreme vibration and noise levels. This is one of the major reasons for studying various balancing methods applied to the vibration response of rotating machines. Recently, the relation between acoustic and vibration response during a rotary machine balancing process based on the Four-Run method has been presented for constant speed machines. This method cannot be applied to machines in start-up or shut-off. Hence, by considering the acoustic and vibration responses of a machine between its critical speeds, this research presents a new innovative speed-variant balancing method based on the original Four-Run method, named as "Peak to Peak for Critical Speeds (PPCS)". The proposed method consists of two major types of application: the first is in the Run-up of the machine and the second is in Shut-down. Experimental laboratory results show that the PPCS method can be implemented for speed-variant and flexible rotary machines during run-up or shut-down transient processes based on acoustic and vibration measurements. As a phase-less and a contactless method, the PPCS can be employed as an innovative and readily available method for condition monitoring in the future.
A Comparative Analysis of Different Encryption Algorithms: RSA, AES, DSS for Data Security
Authors: Atwal Er. Shikha , Kumar Dr. Umesh
Published: April 2021

With the emerging technology connected with the internet, there is one constant issue related to that is data security. The only solution with which this issue can be resolved at a limit and can be used to protect the data is various algorithms for encryption. Though different approaches were used for the same, Cryptography seems to be efficiently protecting the data while transmitting in network from sender to receiver. Firstly the data is encrypted before sending to receiver using the most secure and reliable encryption algorithm. Secondly, at the receiver end it can be decrypted using the same decryption algorithm. Only receiver will have the key with which the data can be decrypted. In this paper, AES, DSS and RSA algorithms were implemented. These algorithms are encryption algorithms which perform encoding and decoding of data, to be sent from sender to receiver, using the keys. Each have different criteria for encryption and are then compared based on different parameters viz. delay, throughput, PDR is an acronym for packet delivery ratio, PLR represents packet loss ratio and RPC denotes Received Packet Count. The results in the form of graphs are given to analyze the security provided by each algorithm.
The Potential Role of Sildenafil in CancerManagement Through EPR Augmentation
Authors: Haider Mohamed , Elsherbeny Amr , Pittalà Valeria , Fallica Antonino N. , Alghamdi Maha Ali , Greish Khaled
Published: April 2021

Enhanced permeation retention (EPR) was a significant milestone discovery by Maeda et al. paving the road for the emerging nanomedicine as a powerful tool in the fight against cancer. Sildenafil is a potent inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE-5) used for treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) through the relaxation of smooth muscles and the modulation of vascular endothelial permeability. Overexpression of PDE-5 was reported in lung, colon, metastatic breast cancers and bladder squamous carcinoma. Accordingly, there has been a growing interest in using sildenafil as monotherapy or chemoadjuvant in EPR augmentation and management of different types of cancer. Sildenafil had been reported to increase the sensitivity of tumor cells of different origins to the cytotoxic effect of chemotherapeutic agents with augmented apoptosis mediated through inducing the expression of Bad and Bax proapoptotic proteins. It was also reported that the use of sildenafil prior to the administration of Doxorubicin (DOX) increased its EPR-related concentration in breast cancer tissues by 2 folds. Further, a substantial reason of anticancer chemotherapeutic failure is due to multidrug resistance (MDR), exacerbated by the overexpression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters such as ABCB1 and ABCCs. Sildenafil has demonstrated inhibitory effects on the efflux activity of ABCC4, ABCC5, ABCB1, and ABCG2, ultimately reversing MDR caused by these transporters. In this review, we critically examine the overall potential of sildenafil in enhancing EPR-based anticancer drug delivery pointing up the outcome of the most important related preclinical and clinical studies.
Digital teaching skills: comparative study in higher education
Authors: Molina Gloria Milagros Torres , Coronado Míriam Liliana Flores , Falcon Carlos Fabian , Rivera-Zamudio July , Lira Luis Alberto Núñez
Published: April 2021

Research entitled Comparative study of the teacher's digital competencies since the perception of students from four Senati locations, Lima-2020 was intended to establish the significant differences in digital competences between teachers of the different senati headquarters, located in Lima Metropolitana and Callao; the work followed the quantitative methodology, descriptive, comparative and explanatory level; the population was 4440 students with a random sample stratified of 354; the instrument was subjected to the reliability and validity of both content and construct. The main results established that at least two population means are different, as indicated by the p value (0,000) and F (11,819). Lima Cercado's headquarters were also shown to perform better compared to the other headquarters.
Synthesis of Cinnamic Acid Based on Perkin Reaction Using Sonochemical Method and Its Potential as Photoprotective Agent
Authors: Indriyanti Erwin , Prahasiwi Masitoh Suryaning
Published: April 2021

Cinnamic acid plays a vital role in the synthesis of other important compounds and as a precursor for the synthesis of commercial cinnamon esters used in perfumery, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries. The aim of this research is to synthesize cinnamic acid using sonochemical methods. Cinnamic acid was synthesized using Perkin reaction by reacting 0.05 mole of benzaldehyde with 0.073 mole of acetic acid anhydride and 0.03 mole of sodium acetate as a catalyst in the Erlenmeyer flask and then the mixture was put in a sonicator for 60 minutes at 70 oC. The synthesized compound was tested organoleptic properties, and the melting point was measured. The chemical structure was elucidated using FT-IR, H-NMR, and 13C-NMR. The photoprotective activity was examined from its antioxidant and SPF values. The synthesized compound was found in the form of a shiny white fine crystal which had distinctive odor with a yield of 4.98% and the melting point was found at 133 oC. In the structure elucidation using FT-IR (the aromatic ring absorption at the wave number 1580 cm-1 -1600 cm-1. The wave number 1625 cm-1is an aromatic conjugated alkene group, while wave  number 1689.4 cm-1 is a carbonyl group. The wave number 2500 cm-1 – 3250 cm-1 is an OH carboxylic acid group) , H-NMR (7.410 (m, 5H, Ar-H); 7.425(t, 1H); 7.572 (d, 1H); 8.057 (d, 1H,C=CH) and 13C-NMR (129.309 ppm; 130.998 ppm; 134.58 ppm; 170.017 ppm) showed that when compared with the standard compound as the reference, the synthesized compound was confirmed to be cinnamic acid. The antioxidant activity test showed that at the concentration of 20 ppm the synthesized compound was able to reduce free radicals by 46.69%. This finding showed that  the synthesized compound had antioxidant activity.
Pengaruh Konseling Kelompok dengan Pendekatan Trait and Factor Terhadap Kematangan Karir Siswa Kelas XII SMA Negeri 34 Jakarta
Authors: Sugiati Yuli , Fitri Susi
Published: April 2021

Kematangan karir siswa ditunjukkan oleh kemampuan siswa untuk mengukur diri, mengetahui potensi diri, penguasaan informasi jabatan atau pekerjaan, ketepatan dalam menentukan tujuan karir, kemampuan membuat perencanaan karir, dan memecahkan masalah yang mereka temui dalam berkarir dalam konteks ini adalah kemampuan memilih jurusan di pendidikan lanjut. Siswa yang menjadi sample penelitian adalah 5 orang siswa kelas XII MIPA yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive dengan keriteria skor kematangan karir terendah. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian konseling kelompok dengan pendekatan trait and factor terhadap kematangan karir peserta. Pada hasil ditemukan bahwa nilai t-hitung -6, 192 serta nilai sig. 0,003. Berdasarkan t tabel dengan df= n-k atau 5-2 atau t tabel 2,353 maka dengan nilai t-hitung sebesar -6,192 maka ho ditolak. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini yaitu terdapat pengaruh penerapan konseling kelompok dengan pendekatan trait and factor terhadap kematangan karir peserta didik kelas XII SMA.
Pengembangan Video Simulasi Konseling Teknik Dispute Cognitive Untuk Meningkatkan Resiliensi
Authors: Tarigan Reni Oktora , Hanim Wirda , Wirasti RA. Murti Kusuma
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan video simulasi teknik dispute cognitive untuk meningkatkan resiliensi. Metode penilitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian dan pengembangan (R & D) yang dikembangkan oleh Bergman dan Moore. Pengembangan video simulasi menggunakan metode Interactive Video (IVD) yang terdiri dari enam tahap, yakni (1) analisis, (2) desain, (3) pengembangan, (4) produksi, (5) pengarangan, (6) validasi. Desain ini dikembangkan berdasarkan hasil analisis kebutuhan mengenai perlunya video yang menggunakan teknik dispute cognitive. Video simulasi konseling yang berisikan simulasi proses konseling mulai dari contoh kasus, tahapan dalam konseling, hingga kesimpulan. Video ini telah diuji oleh ahli materi dan media. Hasilnya, menurut ahli materi video ini mendapatkan predikat Layak dengan skor 68%. Sementara ahli media menyatakan sangat layak dengan memberikan skor 86%. Selanjutnya dilakukan validasi oleh pengguna, Mereka memberikan skor 77,6% atau layak. Kesimpulannya adalah pengembangan video simulasi dengan teknik dispute cognitive layak dan dapat digunakan oleh guru bimbingan konseling dan diharapkan dapat membantu peserta didik untuk meningkatkan resiliensi.
Pengembangan Komik Digital Mengenai Pelecehan Seksual Secara Verbal (Catcalling) Melalui Bimbingan Klasikal Pada Peserta Didik SMAN 59 Jakarta
Authors: Dwiputri Ghina Aninda , Hanim Wirda
Published: April 2021

Latar belakang dari penelitian ini adalah kurangnya pengetahuan peserta didik mengenai pelecehan seksual secara verbal (catcalling), maka dari itu, diperlukan sebuah produk yang tepat agar dapat membantu peserta didik dalam meningkatkan pengetahuannya. Komik digital merupakan salah satu media pembelajaran yang digunakan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan peserta didik mengenai pelecehan seksual secara verbal (catcalling). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan komik digital mengenai pelecehan seksual secara verbal (catcalling) melalui bimbingan klasikal pada peserta didik SMAN 59 Jakarta. Metode yang digunakan adalah Research and Development (R&D) dengan langkah-langkah meliputi analisis potensi dan masalah, mengumpulkan informasi, desain produk, dan validasi desain, serta menggunakan tahapan pengembangan model instruksional ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). Hasil dari uji validitas dengan ahli media mendapat hasil sebesar 74% (Layak) dan dengan ahli materi mendapat hasil sebesar 90% (Sangat Layak). Hasil uji coba penilaian media terhadap kelompok kecil mendapat hasil sebesar 87% (Sangat Layak) dan uji coba ketercapaian tujuan instruksional mendapat hasil sebesar 87% (Sangat Layak). Sehingga, komik digital mengenai pelecehan seksual secara verbal (catcalling) yang dikembangkan oleh peneliti mendapat hasil keseluruhan sebasar 83,67% dan dinyatakan “Sangat Layak”.
Pengembangan Media Buku Bantuan Diri (Self-Help Book) dengan Teknik Self Modification Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Manajemen Waktu Peserta Didik Kelas X di MAN 1 Kota Tangerang Selatan
Authors: Fadhilah Rizka Nurul , Cahyawulan Wening
Published: April 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan media self-help book untuk meningkatkan keterampilan manajemen waktu dengan menggunakan teknik self modification pada peserta didik X MA Negeri 1 Kota Tangerang Selatan. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam Research and Development (R&D) dengan menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). Penelitian dilakukan di MA Negeri 1 Tangerang Selatan. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 197 peserta didik kelas X. Pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan teknik wawancara dan penyebaran angket kepada peserta didik. Hasil uji validasi dengan ahli media mendapat persentase sebesar 92,05% (Sangat Layak) dan ahli materi sebesar 87,5% (Sangat Layak). Hasil uji validasi pada kelompok kecil mendapat persentase 84,8% (Sangat Layak) pada penilaian media. Sehingga dapat dinyatakan media self-help book untuk meningkatkan keterampilan manajemen waktu dengan menggunakan teknik Self Modification pada peserta didik kelas X di MA Negeri 1 Kota Tangerang Selatan “Sangat Layak”. Di dalam self-help book ini terdapat informasi-informasi keterampilan manajemen waktu seperti definisi, faktor-faktor, bentuk perilaku, dan cara meningkatkan keterampilan manajemen waktu. Selain itu terdapat lembar kerja-lembar kerja untuk membantu peserta didik mengatasi permasalahan dan meningkatkan keterampilan manajemen waktu.
A 2-order Additive Fuzzy Measure Identification Method Based on Hesitant Fuzzy Linguistic Interaction Degree and Its Application in Credit Assessment
Authors: Zhang Mu , Cao Cheng
Published: April 2021

In order to solve the problem that it is difficult to quantitatively evaluate the interactivity between attributes in the identification process of 2-order additive fuzzy measure, this work uses the hesitant fuzzy linguistic term set (HFLTS) to describe and deal with the interactivity between attributes. Firstly, the interactivity between attributes is defined by the supermodular game theory, and a linguistic term set is then established to characterize the interactivity between attributes. Secondly, under the linguistic term set, according to the above definition, the experts employ the linguistic expressions generated by the context-free grammar to evaluate the interactivity between attributes, and the opinions of all experts are then aggregated by using the defined hesitant fuzzy linguistic weighted power average operator (HFLWPA). Thirdly, based on the standard Euclidean distance formula of the hesitant fuzzy linguistic elements (HFLEs), the hesitant fuzzy linguistic interaction degree (HFLID) between attributes is defined and calculated by constructing a piecewise function. Finally, a 2-order additive fuzzy measure identification method based on HFLID is further proposed. Based on the proposed method, using the Choquet fuzzy integral as nonlinear integration operator, a multi-attribute decision making (MADM) process is presented. Taking the credit assessment of the big data listed companies in China as an application example, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by the analysis results of application example.
R-loop proximity proteomics identifies a role of DDX41 in transcription-associated genomic instability
Authors: Mosler Thorsten , Conte Francesca , Mikicic Ivan , Kreim Nastasja , Möckel Martin , Flach Johanna , Luke Brian , Beli Petra
Published: April 2021

Transcription can pose a threat to genomic stability through the formation of R-loops that obstruct the progression of replication forks. R-loops are three-stranded nucleic acid structures formed by an RNA-DNA hybrid with a displaced non-template DNA strand. We developed RDProx to identify proteins that regulate R-loops in human cells. RDProx relies on the expression of the hybrid-binding domain (HBD) of Ribonuclease H1 (RNaseH1) fused to the ascorbate peroxidase (APEX2) and permits mapping of the R-loop proximal proteome using quantitative mass spectrometry. We implicate different cellular proteins in R-loop regulation and identify a role of the tumor suppressor DEAD box protein 41 (DDX41) in opposing R-loop-dependent genomic instability. Depletion of DDX41 resulted in replication stress, double strand breaks and inflammatory signaling. DDX41 opposes the accumulation of R-loops by unwinding RNA-DNA hybrids at gene promoters and its loss leads to upregulation of TGFβ and NOTCH signaling genes. Germline loss-of-function mutations in DDX41 lead to predisposition to acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in adulthood. We propose that accumulation of R-loops at CpG island promoters, altered TGFβ and NOTCH signaling, and inflammatory response contribute to the development of familial AML with mutated DDX41.
A Validation Procedure for Landscape Connectivity Approaches: Evaluation of The Accuracy of Ecological Corridor Locations.
Authors: Lalechère Etienne , Bergès Laurent
Published: April 2021

ContextConnectivity conservation analysis is based on a wide range of approaches designed to locate key ecological corridors in order to maintain multispecies flows. However, the lack of validation procedures with accessible data prevents from selecting the most accurate approach.ObjectivesWe propose a new validation procedure to evaluate the accuracy of ecological corridor locations in landscape connectivity approaches. We applied this procedure to compare three modelling approaches and select the most accurate. MethodsOur procedure validates ecological corridor tracks with independent presence-only data, under the hypothesis that species should be present within or near the corridors (according to resistance distance) if the corridors have been correctly modelled. We applied Maxent and circuit theory to locate ecological corridors for forest bird species in a rural landscape following three approaches based on land cover, umbrella species and multispecies presence data. We compared the proportion of overlaid corridors among the three approaches, and selected the most accurate one according to our validation index.ResultsThe corridors modelled from species presence data (umbrella and multispecies approaches) were more consistent than the habitat-based (land cover) approach. The multispecies approach was the most accurate while habitat approach was the least accurate in locating ecological corridors.ConclusionsOur procedure can be used to: (1) evaluate the accuracy of the location of ecological corridors, (2) select the best approach to locate ecological corridors, and (3) validate the underlying assumptions of landscape connectivity approaches (e.g. dispersal and matrix resistance values).
Rh immune globulin: an interfering substance in compatibility testing
Authors: Casina T.S. , Sandler S.G. , Autenrieth S.M.
Published: April 2021

Immunoglobulin therapy that interferes with pretransfusion testing may complicate the interpretation of test results and adversely affect patient management. Rh immune globulin (RhIG) should be considered an interfering immunoglobulin therapy when it is detected in an antibody detection test of a sample from a patient who has been treated with RhIG. Frequently, detection occurs in mother’s or newborn’s plasma. Because an antenatal injection of RhIG is indicated for pregnant Rh-negative women, anti-D is detected frequently by today’s highly sensitive antibody screen methods when the mother’s plasma is tested subsequently at delivery. Ascertaining the source of anti-D is complicated by the inability of routine clinical laboratory methods to distinguish anti-D due to RhIG from alloimmune anti-D. A combination of qualitative and quantitative test methods, as well as a complete clinical history, is necessary for accurate diagnosis and patient management.
A case of platelet transfusion refractoriness due to anti-CD36 with a successful treatment outcome
Authors: Khatri S.S. , Curtis B.R , Yamada C.
Published: April 2021

Antibodies (Abs) against antigens on platelets (PLTs), including glycoprotein IV (CD36), can cause PLT refractoriness. Transfusing PLTs to patients with anti-CD36 is challenging because of the rarity of CD36-negative (CD36–) donors and the possibility of additional HLA Abs. We report a case of PLT refractoriness due to anti-CD36 and HLA Abs. A 21-year-old man (group O, D+) with assumed drug-induced aplastic anemia received multiple PLT transfusions and developed severe PLT refractoriness. He was found to have anti-CD36 as well as HLA class I Abs, with a CD36– phenotype on both PLTs and monocytes. He was diagnosed with type 1 CD36 deficiency and received intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and rituximab to decrease future Ab production. The PLT corrected count increment (CCI) improved significantly with subsequent transfusions of flow crossmatch-compatible as well as uncrossmatched PLTs. He eventually received a bone marrow transplant and has been doing well since. The mean CCI before and after IVIG/rituximab treatment was 0.2 and 6.2, respectively. Soon after IVIG started, the patient’s CCI after receiving CD36–, group AB, D+, and HLA untested PLTs was 0.8, but his CCI after receiving flow crossmatch-compatible PLTs was 12.6. Two months after IVIG was started, the mean CCIs for uncrossmatched apheresis PLTs and crossmatch-compatible PLTs were comparable (6.1 versus 6.0, respectively). Desensitization treatment with IVIG and rituximab lowered anti-CD36 and HLA Ab levels, and the CCI of PLT transfusion improved significantly. This case demonstrates that immune suppression is effective for successful PLT transfusion of patients with anti-CD36.
Comparison of ABO genotyping methods: a study of two low-resolution polymerase chain reaction assays in a clinical testing laboratory
Authors: Keller J.A. , Horn T. , Scholz S. , Koenig S. , Keller M.A.
Published: April 2021

The ABO blood group system is the most clinically significant system in transfusion medicine. Although serologic typing for ABO antigens is routine and reliable, molecular methods can be used to predict an ABO type in the absence of a blood specimen as well as to investigate ABO typing discrepancies often caused by ABO subgroups that cause weakened antigen expression, weak or missing serum reactivity, and/or extra red blood cell reactivity. By detecting single nucleotide variants that are hallmarks of the major ABO alleles, low-resolution genotyping methods can be used to make allele assignments and predict phenotypes. This approach has become a dependable tool, initially to resolve typing discrepancies identified in blood banks and donor centers and, more recently, to predict the ABO group in bone marrow transplant donors and in deceased donors of solid organs. The aim of this report is to compare two different low-resolution polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods: a PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) implemented based on a publication and a commercially available TaqMan-based sequence-specific primer-PCR for resolution of ABO typing discrepancies. Fifty-six peripheral blood samples from 31 patients and 25 blood donors were used to isolate genomic DNA and perform genotyping. Results of 49 of the 56 samples (87.5%) were concordant between methods, three samples yielded an unexpected banding pattern on the PCR-RFLP method, and four sample results were discordant between assays. The discordances all involved group A versus A2 discrepancies. Sanger sequencing was used as a high-resolution genotyping method to resolve discrepancies between the two low-resolution methods. This study demonstrates that, in the majority of cases, a low-resolution genotyping method can resolve an ABO discrepancy. Although there is no U.S. Food and Drug Administration–approved genotyping method for ABO determination, molecular testing for investigation of discrepancies is a useful tool for blood banks and transplant programs.
Saline–indirect antiglobulin test
Authors: Hamilton J.R.
Published: April 2021

A saline–indirect antiglobulin test (IAT) is performed without addition of enhancement media to increase the binding of antibody to the red blood cell antigen during the 37°C incubation. Although infrequently used as a primary means for antibody detection or identification, this test is useful because of the variety of possible applications in antibody identification studies. It is critical to the test sensitivity to allow enough incubation time (30–60 minutes) for maximum antibody binding to occur. The saline test can also be subject to a direct agglutination reading after immediate spin, room temperature, or incubation at 37°C before conversion to the IAT. This step allows further flexibility in assessing the reactivity of directly agglutinating allo- or autoantibodies in tests performed at 37°C or lower temperatures.
Severe hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn due to anti-E and anti-Jka
Authors: Mandal S. , Malhotra S. , Negi G. , Tiwari A. , Mitra S. , Basu S. , Singh P.
Published: April 2021

Red blood cell alloimmunization to antigens other than D, such as C, c, E, e, and antigens in the Kell, MNS, and Duffy blood group systems, has emerged as an important cause of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN). Antibody screening for these antibodies is not routinely practiced for all antenatal patients in developing countries, mainly because of financial constraints. Here we report a rare case of HDFN due to dual antibodies to Rh and Kidd blood group system antigens: anti-E and anti-Jka. This case report highlights the importance of routine and regular antenatal screening of all pregnant women for proper monitoring and follow-up.
Prediction of runoff in the upper Yangtze River based on CEEMDAN-NAR model
Authors: Zhang Xianqi , Zheng Zhiwen , Wang Kai
Published: April 2021

Scientific and accurate prediction of river runoff is important for river flood control and sustainable use of water resources. This study evaluates the ability of a Nonlinear Auto Regressive model (NAR) in predicting runoff volume. Using the Cuntan Hydrological Station in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River as the research object, the model was established based on the runoff characteristics from 1951 to 2020 and tested by NAR. To improve the prediction efficiency, complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN) preprocessing technique is used to decompose the data. The results show that the coupled CEEMDAN-NAR model has better predictive ability than the single model, with a coupled model deterministic coefficient (DC) of 0.93 and a prediction accuracy of Class A.
About the Talismans of Iskandar (Alexander) by Alisher Navoi
Authors: Ismoilov Ilyos
Published: April 2021

There were many scientific discoveries in the history of mankind. They were widely spread among the people and influenced various branches of science. Most scientific discoveries, although of Russian, technical nature, had a strong influence on the humanities and were widely used. For example, one of the main objects of the image of literature was scientific discoveries, historical miracles. The creators described in their works their views on the role of Science in the life of society, its importance for mankind, through various scientific debates, the description of discoveries. One of such scientific discoveries was the mirror of Alexander the Great (Iskandar), widely described in Eastern literature and became an important traditional image. In the article, the image of Alexander the Great, which played an important role in Eastern literature, the history of its creation, its peculiarities and genesis were studied in comparative aspect. The views on the Alexandria minaret are also analyzed and it is proved that the Alexandria minaret, widely described in Eastern literature, is the lighthouse of Alexandria, one of the Seven Wonders of the world.
How alcohol consumption influences obesity in middle-aged men: A systematic review
Authors: Sayers Laura
Published: April 2021

Total alcohol intake may influence overweight and obesity in some (particularly heavy) drinkers, but the magnitude of weight gain appears clinically marginal. Robust evidence to support that reducing alcohol consumption may address the obesity epidemic is lacking and warrants further research. Study findings nonetheless favour current practice, encouraging clinicians to recognise and address drinking behaviours as one of many lifestyle factors pertinent to individual weight management.
Релятивистские расчеты химических свойств сверхтяжелого элемента с Z=119 и его гомологов
Authors: Тупицын И.И. , Малышев А.В. , Глазов Д.А. , Кайгородов М.Ю. , Кожедуб Ю.С. , Савельев И.М. , Шабаев В.М.
Published: April 2021

Relativistic calculations of the electronic structure of the superheavy element of the eighth period - eka-francium (Z=119) and its homologues, which form the group of alkali metals, are performed in the framework of the configuration-interaction method and many-body perturbation theory using the basis of the Dirac-Fock-Sturm orbitals (DFS). The obtained values of the ionization potentials, electron affinities, and root-mean-square radii are compared with the corresponding values calculated within the non-relativistic approximation. A comparison with the available experimental data and the results of previous theoretical calculations is given as well. The analysis of the obtained results indicates a significant influence of the relativistic effects for the francium and eka-francium atoms, which leads to a violation of the monotonic behaviour of the listed above chemical properties as a function of the alkaline-element atomic number. In addition, the quantum electrodynamics corrections to the ionization potentials are evaluated by employing the model Lamb-shift operator (QEDMOD).
Разгорание и затухание импульсной катодолюминесценции в монокристаллах и керамиках Nd:ИАГ
Authors: Соломонов В.И. , Спирина А.В. , Макарова А.С.
Published: April 2021

The kinetics of pulsed cathodoluminescence of Nd3+ ions in Nd:YAG single crystals and ceramic samples was studied. In these substances, luminescence appears after the ending of exposure by an electron beam with a duration of 2 ns. Optical transitions are observed from the 2F2 5/2 level and manifest themselves in the ultraviolet and visible regions of the spectrum, and from the 4F 3/2 level – in the near infrared region. The kinetics of luminescence is characterized by a rise and a decay and is described by the difference between two exponential functions. It has been determined that the characteristic decay times of luminescence are the lifetimes of the 2F2 5/2 and 4F 3/2 radiative levels, and the time of a rise is determined by the pumping mechanism. Moreover, the pumping of the uppermost Stark component of the 2F2 5/2 level occurs in the process of linear recombination of the ionized neodymium ion with free electrons, and the 4F 3/2 level is due to nonradiative transitions from the upper levels.
Линейный дихроизм и двулучепреломление зондирующего излучения в спектроскопии накачка-зондирование в многоатомных молекулах
Authors: Семак Б.В. , Васютинский О.С.
Published: April 2021

Probe beam dichroism and birefringency occurring in the excited states of polyatomic molecules under excitation with two femtosecond laser pulses have been theoreticaly studied as a function of delay between the pulses. General expressions describing the change of intensity and polarization of the probe laser pulse passed through the solution of arbitrary polyatomic molecules at any initital polarization of the laser pulses have been derived using the spherical tensor approach. The expressions take into account the coherence in excited molecule vibrational states and decay of these states due to vibrational relaxation, rotational diffusion, and radiative transitions. The expressions describe the effects of probe beam linear dichroism and birefringency occurring in molecular excited states. As shown, under certain conditions both effects can be observed simultaneously. It has been concluded that within the geometry of almost collinear propagation of the pump and probe laser pulses through the molecular sample the contributions from linear dichroism and birefringency can be completely separated from each other by an appropriate choice of the polarization analyzer placed in front of the photodetector. The obtained expressions were applied for description of the signals that can be recorded experimentally by means of the polarization-modulation scheme developed in the recent author's publication (Gorbunova et al,Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2020, Vol. 22, 18155−18168). The theory predicts that the modulated signals of
dichroism and birefringency appear in quadrature with respect to the double frequency reference modulation signal.
Рассеяние лазерного пучка на ансамбле асимметричных эритроцитов
Authors: Никитин С.Ю. , Устинов В.Д. , Цыбров Е.Г. , Лебедева М.С.
Published: April 2021

An analytical model of laser beam scattering on an inhomogeneous ensemble of red blood cells is constructed. The model takes into account the difference in red blood cells in size, shape, and orientation in space. The connection of the experimentally measured parameter – the visibility of the diffraction pattern – with the characteristic that has the meaning of a measure of the heterogeneity of the blood sample in terms of the size and shape of red blood cells is established. The monotonicity property of this dependence is shown, which makes it possible to estimate the spread of red blood cells by size and shape based on the measurement of the visibility of the diffraction pattern.
Развитие последипломного медицинского образования в Украине
Authors: Voronenko Yu. , Shekera O.
Published: April 2021

Актуальность. Эксперты ВОЗ отмечают, что сегодня в Европе не существует общепризнанного подхода к непрерывному медицинскому образованию, однако существует общее мнение, что качество медицинских услуг напрямую зависит от постоянного развития и оценки профессиональных компетенций врачей в процессе их повышения квалификации. Особое внимание всегда уделялось обеспечению (и постоянному совершенствованию) академического уровня поставщиков образовательных услуг или программ, на основе которых врачи согласовывают собственные планы по получению необходимых профессиональных знаний и навыков. Важнейшей предпосылкой обеспечения повышения квалификации является создание единой системы аккредитации поставщиков образовательных услуг или программ, а также "коллективная ответственность" всех участников медицинского образования. Цель: исследовать развитие системы последипломного и непрерывного образования в Украине на примере ведущего национального учреждения последипломного образования – Национальной медицинской академии последипломного образования имени П. Л. Шупика (НМАПО). Материалы и методы. Архивные материалы. В исследовании мы использовали общий (универсальный) метод, исторический и логический методы. Результаты. Согласно определению Всемирной федерации медицинского образования (WFME), последипломное медицинское образование – это фаза медицинского образования, на которой врачи развивают свои компетенции после завершения базовой медицинской квалификации. Этот этап обучения проводится в соответствии с определенными правилами и инструкциями. Последипломное медицинское образование включает подготовку к сертификации и/или лицензирования, производственную/профессиональную подготовку, специализацию и узкую специализацию, а также другие формализованные учебные программы для развития определенных экспертных функций. Будучи частью непрерывного медицинского образования, последипломное образование включается в непрерывное медицинское образование (НМО) или непрерывное профессиональное развитие (НПР). Согласно определению WFME, НПР касается подготовки врачей, которая начинается после окончания базового и последипломного медицинского образования и продолжается в дальнейшем в течение профессиональной жизни каждого врача. Сейчас развитие современной медицины происходит чрезвычайно быстрыми темпами, а навыки и знания врачей быстро устаревают. В статье прослеживается внедрение последипломной медицинской подготовки в Украине на примере НМАПО. Выводы. Внедрение последипломной подготовки врачей в Украине изучается на примере более 100-летней деятельности НМАПО, что позволяет утверждать, что сочетание исследований и инноваций, обучения и медицинской практики позволило учебному заведению стать примером для подражания в учебно-методической деятельности в условиях последипломного медицинского и фармацевтического образования.
Анализ распространения видов Сandida, выделенных у женщин с кандидозным вульвовагинитом, и профили их чувствительности к противогрибковым препаратам
Authors: Burduniuc O.S. , Bîrcă E.I. , Burduniuc A.M. , Bivol M.V. , Iacon O.S.
Published: April 2021

Актуальность. Обычно виды Candida - это комменсальный грибок, обитающий во влагалище примерно 30–50% здоровых взрослых женщин, который является наиболее частым возбудителем, выделенным из клинических образцов пациенток с диагнозом вульвовагинальный кандидоз (ВВК). Культуральный метод не рекомендуется для всех пациентов на регулярной основе, но он информативен для исключения non-albicans инфекций, устойчивых к азолам, или рецидивов ВВК. Определение видов Candida и тестирование на чувствительность к противогрибковым препаратам являются ключевыми элементами в правильном ведении рецидивирующего ВВК. Авторы данной статьи ставили перед собой цель изучить спектр патогенных видов Candida. Также представлена картина противогрибковой чувствительности выделенных штаммов за 2017-2019 годы. Материалы и методы. Проведено описательное исследование распространения видов Candida и их чувствительности к противогрибковым препаратам. Идентификацию изолированных видов Candida проводили с помощью MALDI-TOF масс-спектрометрии, штаммов – с помощью автоматизированной системы Vitek 2 (BioMérieux), а профили противогрибковой чувствительности - с помощью Fungitest (Bio-Rad). Результаты. Из 1030 обработанных штаммов преобладали виды C. albicans – 83,8 %, Candida non-albicans – 16,2 %. Наиболее распространенным видом Candida non-albicans была C.glabrata (7,5 %). Также было замечено, что в 56,6 % случаев C. albicans представляла часть бактериальной ассоциации. Наиболее частыми микробными ассоциациями были C. albicans и S.aureus (26,6 %), затем следовали C. albicans и E.coli (20,8 %). Виды Candida показали умеренную устойчивость к противогрибковым препаратам. Уровень устойчивости изолятов C. albicans к миконазолу, флуконазолу и итраконазолу составлял 25,5 %, 17,0 % и 11,4 % соответственно, по сравнению со штаммами Candida non-albicans, которые показали уровень устойчивости 10,8 %, 14,4 % и 10 % соответственно. Выводы. C. albicans является наиболее часто изолированным видом среди пациенток с ВВК, но также наблюдается повышенная доля видов Candida non-albicans, таких как C. glabrata. Изоляты C. albicans показали более высокие показатели лекарственной устойчивости, чем Candida non-albicans.
Оптимизация лечения и реабилитации пациентов с COVID-19
Authors: Shekera O.G. , Duda A.K. , Vega A.R. , Manzheleeva I.V. , Mastepan T.V. , Boyko V.A. , Kotsyubailo L.P. , Pechenka A.M.
Published: April 2021

Актуальность. В разгар пандемии COVID-19 все больше пациентов нуждаются в реабилитации, подходы к которой различаются в зависимости от периода заболевания. Цель исследования – определить основные принципы реабилитации пациентов в различные периоды течения COVID-19. Материлы и методы. Материалами исследования послужили международные литературные источники (15 ед.), международные нормативные документы (3 ед.). В работе были использованы библиосемантический метод исследования, методы системного подхода и контент-анализа. Результаты. Сегодня страны всего мира находятся на разных стадиях пандемии, и многие страны переходят в фазу «post-COVID-19». Люди, которые пострадали от последствий этой болезни, могут столкнуться с проблемой долгосрочных нарушений и потери трудоспособности. Степень и продолжительность возможной функциональной недостаточности и инвалидности пока неизвестны, но очевидно, что эти пациенты будут нуждаться в реабилитации в течение всех периодов заболевания. При COVID-19 часто встречаются персистирующие симптомы, включающие одышку, боль в груди и кашель. У некоторых пациентов, могут возникать дополнительные физические, психологические (например, тревога, депрессия, посттравматическое стрессовое расстройство) и когнитивные (например, ухудшение памяти и концентрации внимания) симптомы. Наблюдение в начале острого периода COVID-19 сосредоточено на выявлении и лечении острых осложнений, связанных с COVID-19, тогда как дальнейшее наблюдение сосредоточено на оценке и лечении устойчивых симптомов. Выводы. Значительные продолжительность и размах пандемии COVID-19 привели к росту числа людей требующих реабилитации. Некоторые аспекты реконвалесценции могут быть уникальными для COVID-19, но во многом похожи на те, которые характерны для других инфекционных и неифекцийних заболеваний.
Лечение эмболии ветви центральной артерии сетчатки при комбинированном аортальном стенозе в отдаленном послеоперационном периоде
Authors: Rykov S.O. , Kovalchuk N.Ya. , Dufynets V.A.
Published: April 2021

Эмболия артерии сетчатки — известное возможное осложнение у пациентов с кальцинированным аортальным стенозом. Основой лечения окклюзий является восстановление кровотока. Высокая ассоциация с риском острых нарушений мозгового кровообращения, ограниченное время для оказания неотложной помощи, высокие риски при системном лечении, ухудшение качества зрения в перспективе являются особенностями данной группы пациентов. В работе представлен клинический случай эмболии нижней ветви центральной артерии сетчатки правого глаза у пациентки после кардиохирургического лечения комбинированного аортального порока с преобладанием выраженного стеноза и кальциноза. С учетом четкой визуализации кальцинированного эмбола в зоне окклюзии проведен лазерный эмболизис. Проходимость ветви центральной артерии сетчатки восстановлена частично из-за большого размера кальцинированного эмбола.