bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Вертикально-излучающие лазеры спектрального диапазона 1.55 мкм, изготовленные по технологии спекания гетероструктур, выращенных методом молекулярно-пучковой эпитаксии из твердотельных источников
Authors: Блохин С.А. , Неведомский В.Н. , Бобров М.А. , Малеев Н.А. , Блохин А.А. , Кузьменков А.Г. , Васильев А.П. , Рочас С.С. , Бабичев А.В. , Гладышев А.Г. , Новиков И.И. , Карачинский Л.Я. , Денисов Д.В. , Воропаев К.O. , Ионов А.С. , Егоров А.Ю. , Устинов В.М.
Published: July 2020

The GaAs-InGaAsP heterointerfaces formation have been studied and optimized using a direct intermolecular wafer bonding (fusion)of an active region heterostructure on an InP substrate and distributed Bragg reflector heterostructures on GaAs substrates for the fabrication of hybrid heterostructures of long-wave vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSEL). The heterostructures were grown by solid-source molecular beam epitaxy. It was shown that in the case of incomplete removal of oxide films during the preparation of the wafers before fusion and/or the presence of adsorbed water on the wafer surfaces, the fused interface contains a large number of amorphous inclusions, most likely related to the III-group oxides. Optimization of the formation regimes of a buried tunnel junction on the surface of the InP-based heterostructure made it possible to reduce the surface roughness down to 1 nm and to ensure the thickness of the GaAs-InGaAsP fused interface < 5 nm, with no dislocations or other extended defects in the region of the fused heterointerfaces. The 1.55 μm-range VCSELs fabricated from the hybrid heterostructures created by using the developed technology demonstrate efficient lasing under continuous wave pumping over a wide temperature range, which indicates the high optical quality of the fused heterointerfaces in the VCSEL heterostructure.
Investigation of the Electrical Properties of Double-Gate Dual-Active-Layer (DG-DAL) Thin-Film Transistor (TFT) with HfO-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-/La-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-/HfO-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=- (HLH) Sandwich Gate Dielectrics
Authors: Ramesh L. , Moparthi S. , Tiwari P.K. , Samoju V.R. , Saramekala G.K.
Published: July 2020

In this paper, the electrical properties of a double-gate dual-active-layer (DG-DAL) thin-film transistor (TFT) is investigated. To increase the ON-current and pixel intensity, and control the voltage stress bias, the conventional gate oxide material (silicon dioxide SiO2) is replaced with a tri-high-k gate dielectric layer, hafnium dioxide HfO2/lanthanum oxide La2O3/hafnium dioxide HfO2 (HLH). Further, the performance of the proposed DG-DAL structure is compared with the single-active-layer (SAL) and dual-active-layer (DAL) TFTs. The amorphous indium-gallium zinc-oxide (a-IGZO) is considered as active layer for SAL channel region, and on the other hand, a-IGZO and indium-tin-oxide (ITO) are considered as active layers for DAL TFT and DG-DAL TFT channel regions. The parameters such as OFF-current, ON-current, ION/IOFF ratio, threshold voltage, mobility, average subthreshold swing, etc. are evaluated for the considered structures. It is observed that the DG-DAL TFT with HLH dielectric offers high ON-current of 3.85·10-3 A/μm, very low OFF-current of 2.53·10-17 A/μm, very high ION/IOFF ratio of 1.51·1014, the threshold voltage of 0.642 V, high mobility of 35 cm2·v-1·s-1 and average subthreshold swing of 127.84 mV/dec. A commercial TCAD simulation tool ATLAS from SilvacoTM is used to investigate all the parameters for considered structures. Keywords: single active layer (SAL), dual active layer (DAL), double-gate dual active layer (DG-DAL), InGaZnO (IGZO), InSnO (ITO), thin-film transistor (TFT), HfO2/La2O3/HfO2 (HLH).
Комбинация плазмохимического и жидкостного травления как способ оптимизации рельефа на поверхности AlGaInN-гетероструктур
Authors: Марков Л.К. , Смирнова И.П. , Кукушкин М.В. , Павлюченко А.С.
Published: July 2020

Комбинированным методом, при котором плазмохимическое травление применяется в паре с жидкостным (в растворах KOH или соляной кислоты), создавался рельеф на поверхности GaN, предварительно освобожденной от ростовой подложки. Изучалась зависимость получаемого рельефа от последовательности применяемых операций. Показано, что травление в растворе KOH с последующей стадией реактивного ионного травления обеспечивает появление на поверхности усеченных пустотелых конусов. В экспериментах также была обнаружена способность раствора соляной кислоты к травлению исключительно наноразмерных элементов рельефа GaN, возникающих при плазмохимическом травлении поверхности. Как следствие, плазмохимическое травление образца с последующим погружением в раствор соляной кислоты создает на его поверхности объекты цилиндрической формы, переходящие в основании в конические или сильно искаженные пирамидальные структуры. Появление рельефа такого вида может быть объяснено превалированием химической составляющей плазмохимического травления по мере удаления от поверхности образца. Дальнейшая оптимизация параметров рельефа, получаемого в результате комбинированного травления, возможна благодаря варьированию режимов применяемых операций. Ключевые слова: нитрид галлия, рельеф, реактивное ионное травление, жидкостное травление, светоизлучающий диод, светоизлучающий кристалл.
Электрические и фотоэлектрические свойства многослойных наноструктур alpha-Si/SiO-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=- и alpha-Ge/SiO-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=- на подложках p-Si, отожженных при разных температурах
Authors: Сресели О.М. , Елистратова М.А. , Горячев Д.Н. , Берегулин Е.В. , Неведомский В.Н. , Берт Н.А. , Ершов А.В.
Published: July 2020

Исследованы свойства многослойных наноструктур alpha-Si(Ge)/SiO2, осажденных на подложки p-Si и отожженных при разных температурах. Общая толщина нанослоя не превышала 300-350 нм. Обнаружено, что, несмотря на образование кристаллов в нанослое, в фотоэлектрических свойствах гетероперехода нанослой--подложка в исследованном диапазоне 300-900 нм не проявляется квантово-размерный эффект. В то же время эффективность фототока (А/Вт) в этом диапазоне становится постоянной. Полученные результаты мы объясняем малой толщиной нанослоя. При приложении достаточно большого запорного смещения электрическое поле перехода нанослой--подложка достигает внешней границы нанослоя, что резко уменьшает поверхностную рекомбинацию носителей. Именно эта рекомбинация обычно подавляет чувствительность фотодетекторов в коротковолновой области спектра. Постоянная в широком спектральном диапазоне эффективность исследованных гетероструктур делает их привлекательными для использования в различных фотоэлектрических приборах. Ключевые слова: многослойные наноструктуры, нанокристаллы полупроводника в диэлектрической матрице, нанослой, эффективность фототока.
XXIV Международный симпозиум Нанофизика и наноэлектроника", Нижний Новгород, 10-13 марта 2020 г. Изменение кристаллической фазы в гетероструктурных Ga(As, P) нитевидных нанокристаллах под воздействием упругих напряжений
Authors: Сибирев Н.В. , Бердников Ю.С. , Сибирев В.Н.
Published: July 2020

In this work, the influence of elastic strain on Ga(As,P) nanowire crystal structure was studied. The stable growth of nanowire in the metastable phase is explained by accounting the elastic strain in the nucleus of newly-forming nanowire layer. Within this approach, the crystal phase switching in GaP nanowire after Ga(AsP) insertion is explained.
Фотолюминесценция с временным разрешением в гетероструктурах с квантовыми ямами InGaAs:Cr/GaAs
Authors: Дорохин М.В. , Демина П.Б. , Данилов Ю.А. , Вихрова О.В. , Кузнецов Ю.М. , Ведь М.В. , Iikawa F. , Balanta M.A.G.
Published: July 2020

We present the results of time-resolved photoluminescence measurements carried out for semiconductor heterostructures containing two non-interacting quantum wells in the GaAs matrix: an undoped InGaAs quantum well and a quantum well uniformly doped with chromium atoms (InGaAs : Cr). It has been shown that the introduction of Cr significantly affects the recombination lifetime of carriers in quantum wells. The change in the intensity of photoluminescence, starting from the moment of excitation, is not described by a monoexponential decay function, which is explained by a change in the built-in electric field of the surface barrier in quantum wells due to screening by photoexcited carriers.
Релаксация возбужденных состояний мышьяка в деформированном германии
Authors: Ковалевский К.А. , Чопорова Ю.Ю. , Жукавин Р.Х. , Абросимов Н.В. , Павлов С.Г. , Hubers H.-W. , Цыпленков В.В. , Кукотенко В.Д. , Князев Б.А. , Шастин В.Н.
Published: July 2020

Исследованы времена релаксации нижних p-состояний донора мышьяка в деформированном вдоль кристаллографического направления [111] кристалле германия. Измерения выполнялись методом накачка--зондирование с использованием излучения лазера на свободных электронах. Накачка состояний осуществлялась из основного состояния 1s(A_1). Измеренное время распада состояния 2p0 составляет 1.3 нс, 3p0 --- не более 0.2 нс, 2p± --- 0.4 нс. Показано, что относительно высокий темп релаксации состояния 2p± обусловлен взаимодействием с внутридолинными TA фононами. Ключевые слова: германий, мышьяк, одноосная деформация, накачка-зондирование, внутрицентровое оптическое возбуждение, фононы.
Исследование стимулированного излучения в гетероструктурах с квантовыми ямами HgTe/CdHgTe в окне прозрачности атмосферы 3-5 мкм
Authors: Кушков Л.А. , Уточкин В.В. , Алёшкин В.Я , Дубинов А.А. , Кудрявцев К.Е. , Гавриленко В.И. , Куликов Н.С. , Фадеев М.А. , Румянцев В.В. , Михайлов Н.Н. , Дворецкий С.А. , Разова А.А , Морозов С.В.
Published: July 2020

В гетероструктурах с квантовыми ямами Hg(Cd)Te/CdHgTe в области длин волн 3-4 мкм выполнены исследования стимулированного излучения на межзонных переходах в зависимости от длины волны накачки. Минимальное значение пороговой плотности мощности и максимальная температура, при которых удается получить стимулированное излучение, соответствуют энергиям кванта накачки вблизи ширины запрещенной зоны барьеров. В структуре с толщиной покровного слоя 150 нм при непрерывной накачке и температурах выше 200 K было обнаружено структурное уширение спектра излучения, связываемое с проявлением эффекта Штарка, возникающего из-за влияния электрического поля области пространственного заряда поверхностного барьера. Ключевые слова: кадмий--ртуть--теллур, стимулированное излучение, окно прозрачности атмосферы, эффект Штарка.
РОЛЬ СКОРОСТИ РЕЗАНИЯ И РАДИУСА ОКРУГЛЕНИЯ РЕЖУЩЕГО КЛИНА В ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ТОНКОЙ МЕХАНИЧЕСКОЙ ОБРАБОТКИ ТРУДНООБРАБАТЫВАЕМЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ. Часть 2
Authors: Ракунов Ю. , Абрамов В. , Ракунов А.
Published: July 2020

Рассмотрены научно-технические подходы к проблеме определения скорости резания
при механической обработке рабочих поверхностей деталей машин и изделий
унифицированным инструментом на токарных станках с ЧПУ. Произведено
сопоставление оптимальных температур резания, полученных при точении сталей,
с температурами их структурно-фазовых α–γ-превращений. Показано, что закон
постоянства оптимальной температуры резания обеспечивает максимальную стойкость инструмента, наивысшую точность обработки при оптимальной скорости резания, как для конструкционных, так и труднообрабатываемых материалов.
Distinctive architectural features of the first european educational institutions for children with mental disabilities
Authors: Strelnikova Elena Yu. , Truflyak Irina S.
Published: July 2020

Introduction. At present, considerable attention in our country is paid to training children with mental disabilities (MD). The relevant studies are conducted as well as new standards and programs are implemented. However, the school building itself is not suitable for the admission of children with mental disabilities: the regulatory system does not provide for any requirements with respect to the buildings under construction, and there are no vacant premises intended for children with mental disabilities that can be used in the educational process. To create the quality internal and external architectural environment at modern schools with due regard to training of various categories of schoolchildren, it is essential to review international practices.

Materials and methods. The historical records stored in the funds of Russian and foreign libraries have been studied. Methods of theoretical studies, systematization and the analysis of the received data have been used to search for practically relevant information.

Results. The information on the first schools for children with MD was analyzed. Such schools were established in the middle of XIX century in the leading European countries. Progress in psychology, medicine, pedagogy along with outstanding social phenomena resulted in the foundation of institutions providing care for children with MD, as well as realization of the necessity and significance of their training. The systematization and analysis of space planning solutions of the first schools have shown that the appropriate function relations, the nomenclature of premises, due regard of premises ergonomics and abilities of children with MD were implemented even in that period.

Conclusions. At the initial stage of establishment of schools for children with MD, specific space planning solutions were not developed with respect to such schools. These institutions were often located in the existing buildings and were not adapted to perform new functions. The space planning structure had both strengths and weaknesses. This study confirms that a variety of factors allowed establishing the training system for children with MD in the middle of the XIX century.
Method of internal care of cement hydration in 3D printing formulations
Authors: Korolev Evgenij V. , Thanh Qui Duong , Inozemtcev Aleksandr S.
Published: July 2020

Introduction. Improvement of 3D printing technology with the use of concrete mixtures based on Portland cement largely depends on the sustainable solution of the problem of ensuring normal hardening of extruded concrete layers. A violation of hardening has known negative consequences and entails significant economic losses. It has been suggested to use polyacrylate solutions, preparation of which before application in concrete mixture allows controlling the process of their polymerization, postponing the sorption function of the additive in time to ensure the required rheology.

Materials and methods. Influence of super absorbent polymer (SAP) solution on structural formation processes and properties of cement materials is studied. Assessment of the degree of hydration was carried out by the calorimetric method for total thermal power using the isothermal calorimeter TAM AIR. Identification of main phases of cement stone (CS) by X-ray phase analysis was performed on XRD-6000 diffractometer.

Results. It is established that the use of SAP solutions has a positive effect on the mobility of cement mixtures due to the delayed polymerization and the corresponding water absorption by the polymer. The flexural strength range is 6.6–8.7 MPa and the compression strength range is 68.5–71.7 MPa. The porosity is characterized by extreme dependence with minimum at concentration of SAP 1.0 % from weight of Portland cement. Such changes in the properties of the CS are naturally associated with changes in the parameters of its structural formation. It is established that the range of concentrations of SAP less than 1.5 % provides close to the reference composition (without SAP) the total hydration heat power of Portland cement at the age of 86 hours.

Conclusions. The dependences of rheological and mechanical properties of cement materials on SAP concentration have been established. It has been proved that the use of SAP solutions is an effective engineering solution to ensure the hardening of concrete in adverse conditions. Further development of the topic may be aimed at studying the effect of SAP solutions on the properties of concrete mixtures of different compositions for 3D printing.

Acknowledgements: The paper was supported by a grant of the President of the Russian Federation for state support of young Russian scientists — Candidates of Sciences MK 1394.2020.8.
Methods of biological treatment intensification aimed at removal of heavy metals
Authors: Ivanenkо Irina I. , Novikova Antonina M.
Published: July 2020

Introduction. The application of microorganisms, capable of using chemical elements with variable valency as terminal electron acceptors, in the wastewater treatment technology can improve the ecological and energy efficiency of biological treatment plants.

Materials and methods. The co-authors employed the analytical generalization of findings, including the overview of literary sources, laboratory researches involving standard and advanced methodologies and analytical equipment.

Results. Cr(6+) Мn(4+), highly concentrated in wastewaters of versatile production facilities, deserve attention as terminal electron acceptors. The ability of Асіnеtobacter, a non-adapted aerobic bacteria, to reduce Мn(4+), Сr(6+) in the culture medium under a layer of vasseline oil, was studied in the laboratory environment. In the course of the laboratory research, different aspects of Сr(6+)- и Мn(4+) reduction were studied, namely, the bacteria’s chromate reduction ability, as Сr(6+) concentration change curves were obtained for the process of reduction; the influence of Сr(6+) and Мn(2+) reductions on processes of chromate and manganese reduction was identified; water treatment efficiency boosted by Сr(6+) was identified; changes in the reduction sequence in case of their co-presence in the culture medium were checked; the sequence of Сr(6+) and Мn(4+) reduction in case of their co-cultivation together with the bacteria was identified, as well. A succession of experiments with Pseudomonas bacteria was held to validate the results.

Conclusions. The experiments have proven that aerobic bacteria, including Асіnеtobacter, P. aeruginosa P-1, P. flurescens var. Pseudo-iodinum P-11, P. Mendocina P-13, P. stutzeri P-19, can develop anaerobic respiration ability under certain conditions. The co-authors have identified that Сr(6+)- and Мn(4+) reduction is applicable by microorganisms, belonging to varied taxonomic groups, in anaerobic cultivation environments, if Сr(6+)- and Мn(4+) act as terminal acceptors of electrons; the co-authors have also reconstructed the reduction sequence: denitrifying bacteria use МnО2 much more efficiently than Сr(6+). Microbial chromate reduction precedes Мn(4+) reduction, while products of their metabolism are less toxic.

Acknowledgements. The co-authors would like to express gratitude to the executives of the St. Petersburg University of Architecture and Civil Engineering for the research grant and to all reviewers and the editorial team for the publication of this material.
Development of the structure and composition of a building information classifier towards the application of BIM technologies
Authors: Volkodav Vladimir A. , Volkodav Ivan A.
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Introduction. Various building information classification systems are used internationally; their critical analysis makes it possible to highlight basic requirements applicable to the Russian classifier and substantiate its structure and composition.

Materials and methods. Modern international building information classification systems, such as OmniClass (USA), Uniclass 2015 (UK), CCS (Denmark), and CoClass (Sweden), are considered in the article. Their structure, composition, methodological fundamentals are analyzed. In addition to international classification systems, Russian construction information classifiers are analyzed.

Results. The structure of a building information classifier has been developed and tailored to the needs of BIM (building information modeling) and national regulatory and technical requirements. The classifier’s structure complies with the one recommended by ISO 12006-2:2015. Its composition has regard to the requirements that apply to the aggregation and unification of Russian classifiers, and it also benefits from the classifiers developed for and used by the construction industry. The proposed building information classifier has four basic categories and 21 basic classes.

Conclusions. The proposed structure and composition of a building information classifier represent a unified and universal tool for communicating building information or presenting it in the standardized format in the consolidated information space designated for information models needed to manage life cycles of major construction projects.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA HIDROCINESIOTERAPIA EM PACIENTES ADULTOS COM ACIDENTE VASCULAR CEREBRAL
Authors: Santana Tiago Neves de
Published: July 2020

O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a importância da hidrocinesioterapia na reabilitação de pacientes adultos acometidos pelo acidente vascular cerebral. Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura utilizando produções científicas publicadas, entre os anos de 2011 a 2018, nas bases de dados LILACS, Scielo e Bireme, por meio dos descritores: Acidente Vascular Cerebral, Hidroterapia e Fisioterapia. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram significativa importância da hidroterapia na reabilitação, com a melhora da capacidade funcional, do equilíbrio, da marcha, da capacidade aeróbica e da qualidade de vida em pacientes adultos com acidente vascular cerebral. Assim, a fisioterapia aquática mostrou-se bastante relevante e eficaz em pacientes que sofreram AVC, atuando tanto na reabilitação, quanto na profilaxia de novos acidentes.
ALTERAÇÕES MICROESTRUTURAIS NO ESMALTE RELACIONADAS AO CLAREAMENTO DENTAL
Authors: Silva André Rodrigo Justino da
Published: July 2020

Diante dos efeitos adversos que o clareamento dental pode causar aos dentes realizou-se a presente revisão de literatura sobre as alterações a níveis microestruturais que o esmalte sofre decorrente do clareamento. Foi feita a busca nas bases de dados Scielo e Google acadêmico por artigos publicados somente nos últimos dez anos, a partir das palavras-chave hydrogen peroxide, dental bleaching, dental enamel, adverse effects e microscopy electron scanning. A partir dos quinze artigos selecionados observou-se que todos os autores mostram que existem alterações na estrutura do esmalte decorrente dos agentes clareadores, que diminuem a microdureza do tecido e aumentam a sua rugosidade, além de causar surgimento de erosões, poros, dentre outras perdas minerais. Além disso, o uso de algumas técnicas complementares no clareamento, como o condicionamento ácido prévio, o uso de ativação por LED e a aplicação de flúor neutro subseqüente aumentam os danos à estrutura dental, enquanto outros, como a presença de Cálcio na composição do gel clareador, não demonstram interferir na estrutura mineral do elemento. Por outro lado, o uso do composto de fosfopeptídeos de caseína/fosfato de cálcio amorfo aparenta ser promissor quando associado ao peróxido clareador, sendo necessários mais estudos sobre essa aplicabilidade. Desse modo conclui-se que, apesar de ser conservador, o clareamento dental desempenha potencial para promover perdas minerais na superfície do esmalte dental.
ESTÁGIO EM SAÚDE COLETIVA COMO ESTRATÉGIA DE REORIENTAÇÃO DA FORMAÇÃO EM ODONTOLOGIA: UM RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: Moreira Marcela Beatriz Aguiar , Amorim Marília De Matos , Almeida Cristiane Brandão Santos , Pires Alessandra Laís Pinho Valente
Published: July 2020

O presente artigo tem como objetivo relatar o papel do componente curricular Estágio em Saúde Coletiva I, como estratégia de reorientação na formação em odontologia, para discentes de uma faculdade privada do município de Feira de Santana, Bahia. Trata-se de um relato de experiência de caráter descritivo e exploratório, de integração ensino-serviço do Curso de Odontologia da Unidade de Ensino Superior de Feira de Santana (UNEF) em Unidades de Saúde da Família (USF) de Feira de Santana, Bahia. O Estágio foi desenvolvido durante o primeiro semestre de 2018, com cerca de 100 graduandos do 4º semestre do referido curso. Os acadêmicos foram alocados em doze USFs, nas quais desenvolveram ações, incluindo visitas domiciliares, atividades educativas para a comunidade e equipe de saúde, bem como ações em ambiente escolar, incluindo escovação supervisionada e levantamentos epidemiológicos em saúde bucal. Destarte, essa disciplina possibilitou a participação acadêmica no desenvolvimento de ações de educação em saúde, com trocas de conhecimentos teórico-práticos sobre a saúde bucal e geral, além de oportunizar ao discente viver a realidade do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), sensibilizando-o a prática social inerente ao trabalho neste sistema. O referido estágio estimula, portanto, o compromisso do discente perante seu papel como cidadão, estudante e futuro profissional de saúde, pautados nos princípios e diretrizes do SUS.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO DOS CASOS NOTIFICADOS E CONFIRMADOS DE INTOXICAÇÃO EXÓGENA POR AGROTÓXICOS NO ESTADO DA BAHIA NO PERÍODO DE 2007 A 2017
Authors: Souza Ribeiro Paula Cristina , Lisboa Yuri Messias , Santana Mattos Thais , Santos de Santana Meire Núbia
Published: July 2020

O objetivo do presente artigo é caracterizar o perfil dos casos notificados de intoxicação exógena por agrotóxicos no Estado da Bahia, no período de 2007 a 2017. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo descritivo que utilizou dados secundários do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN). Foram analisadas as seguintes variáveis relacionadas ao agravo: sociodemográficas, incidência, caracterização e circunstâncias de ocorrência dos acidentes. No período analisado foram identificados 2.445 casos de intoxicação exógena por agrotóxicos, sendo a maior incidência em homens, na faixa etária de 20 a 34 anos e que possuíam 5ª a 8ª série incompleta. A macrorregião de saúde Leste foi a que mais notificou casos. Os agrotóxicos agrícolas foram os maiores responsáveis pelas intoxicações. Ocorreram 110 óbitos por conta do agravo. A intoxicação por agrotóxicos é um problema de saúde pública na Bahia, e necessita de atenção das autoridades sanitárias. O fortalecimento da vigilância epidemiológica, o investimento em educação permanente dos profissionais de saúde e o estabelecimento de centros de referência para atendimento aos casos são medidas que podem reduzir o impacto das intoxicações por agrotóxicos no Estado.
Comparison of the FreeStyle Libre Pro Flash Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) System and Point-of-Care Capillary Glucose Testing in Hospitalized Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Treated With Basal-Bolus Insulin Regimen
Authors: Galindo Rodolfo J. , Migdal Alexandra L. , Davis Georgia M. , Urrutia Maria A. , Albury Bonnie , Zambrano Cesar , Vellanki Priyathama , Pasquel Francisco J. , Fayfman Maya , Peng Limin , Umpierrez Guillermo E.
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVE

We compared the performance of the FreeStyle Libre Pro continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and point-of-care capillary glucose testing (POC) among insulin-treated hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

This was a prospective study in adult patients with T2D admitted to general medicine and surgery wards. Patients were monitored with POC before meals and bedtime and with CGM during the hospital stay. Study end points included differences between POC and CGM in mean daily blood glucose (BG), hypoglycemia <70 and <54 mg/dL, and nocturnal hypoglycemia. We also calculated the mean absolute relative difference (MARD), ±15%/15 mg/dL, ±20%/20 mg/dL, and ±30%/30 mg/dL and error grid analysis between matched glucose pairs.

RESULTS

Mean daily glucose was significantly higher by POC (188.9 ± 37.3 vs. 176.1 ± 46.9 mg/dL) with an estimated mean difference of 12.8 mg/dL (95% CI 8.3–17.2 mg/dL), and proportions of patients with glucose readings <70 mg/dL (14% vs. 56%) and <54 mg/dL (4.1% vs. 36%) detected by POC BG were significantly lower compared with CGM (all P < 0.001). Nocturnal and prolonged CGM hypoglycemia <54 mg/dL were 26% and 12%, respectively. The overall MARD was 14.8%, ranging between 11.4% and 16.7% for glucose values between 70 and 250 mg/dL and higher for 51–69 mg/dL (MARD 28.0%). The percentages of glucose readings within ±15%/15 mg/dL, ±20%/20 mg/dL, and ±30%/30 mg/dL were 62%, 76%, and 91%, respectively. Error grid analysis showed 98.8% of glucose pairs within zones A and B.

CONCLUSIONS

Compared with POC, FreeStyle Libre CGM showed lower mean daily glucose and higher detection of hypoglycemic events, particularly nocturnal and prolonged hypoglycemia in hospitalized patients with T2D. CGM’s accuracy was lower in the hypoglycemic range.
Retention Among Participants in the National Diabetes Prevention Program Lifestyle Change Program, 2012–2017
Authors: Cannon Michael J. , Masalovich Svetlana , Ng Boon Peng , Soler Robin E. , Jabrah Rajai , Ely Elizabeth K. , Smith Bryce D.
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVE

To assess retention in the National Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) lifestyle change program, which seeks to prevent type 2 diabetes in adults at high risk.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We analyzed retention among 41,203 individuals who enrolled in Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-recognized in-person lifestyle change programs at organizations that submitted data to CDC’s Diabetes Prevention Recognition Program during January 2012–February 2017.

RESULTS

Weekly attrition rates were typically <1–2% but were between 3.5% and 5% at week 2 and at weeks 17 and 18, where session frequency typically transitions from weekly to monthly. The percentage of participants retained through 18 weeks varied by age (45.9% for 18–29 year olds, 53.4% for 30–44 year olds, 60.2% for 45–54 year olds, 66.7% for 55–64 year olds, and 67.6% for ≥65 year olds), race/ethnicity (70.5% for non-Hispanic whites, 60.5% for non-Hispanic blacks, 52.6% for Hispanics, and 50.6% for other), mean weekly percentage of body weight lost (41.0% for ≤0% lost, 66.2% for >0% to <0.25% lost, 72.9% for 0.25% to <0.5% lost, and 73.9% for ≥0.5% lost), and mean weekly physical activity minutes (12.8% for 0 min, 56.1% for >0 to <60 min, 74.8% for 60 to <150 min, and 82.8% for ≥150 min) but not by sex (63.0% for men and 63.1% for women).

CONCLUSIONS

Our results demonstrate the need to identify strategies to improve retention, especially among individuals who are younger or are members of racial/ethnic minority populations and among those who report less physical activity or less early weight loss. Strategies that address retention after the first session and during the transition from weekly to monthly sessions offer the greatest opportunity for impact.
Pengaruh Model Problem Based Learning (PBL) Berbasis Portofolio Terhadap Hasil Belajar IPS
Authors: Loka Andari Ida Ayu Ketut Manik , Darsana I Wayan , Sri Asri Agung
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh yang signifikan hasil belajar IPS antara peserta didik yang dibelajarkan dengan Model Problem Based Learning (PBL) Berbasis Portofolio dan peserta didik yang mengikuti dengan pembelajaran konvensional pada peserta didik kelas IV di Gugus II Abiansemal tahun ajaran 2017/2018. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen semu, dengan desain Nonequivalent Control Group Design. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh kelas IV SD di Gugus II Abiansemal yang berjumlah 232 orang. Penentuan sampel dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan teknik random sampling yang diacak adalah kelasnya untuk menentukan kelas eksperimen dan kelas control dengan hasil pengundian yaitu peserta didik kelas IV SD No. 1 Selat yang berjumlah 30 orang sebagai kelompok eksperimen dan peserta didik kelas IV SD No. 2 Taman yang berjumlah 30 orang sebagai kelompok kontrol. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah metode tes dalam bentuk tes objektif pilihan ganda biasa. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan uji-t. Berdasarkan, hasil analisis data, diperoleh thitung  = 2,869 > ttabel = 2,000 pada taraf signifikansi 5% dengan dk = n1 + n2 – 2 = (30+30-2) = 58. Rata-rata hasil belajar IPS siswa kelompok eksperimen = 78,57 >  = 72,17 rata-rata hasil belajar IPS siswa kelompok kontrol. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh model Problem Based Learning (PBL) Berbasis Portofolio terhadap hasil belajar IPS peserta didik kelas IV sekolah dasar gugus II Abiansemal Tahun Ajaran 2017/2018
Model Quantum Tipe VAK Berbasis Penilaian Portofolio Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPA
Authors: Utaminingsih Tatwi , Parmiti Desak Putu , Astawan I Gede
Published: July 2020

Rendahnya hasil belajar kognitif IPA disebabkan oleh kebiasaan siswa yang cenderung menghafal dan kurangnya guru melakukan umpan balik serta kurang melakukan penilaian proses. Dari permasalahan tersebut maka tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran quantum tipe visual, auditori dan kinestetik (VAK) berbasis penilaian portofolio terhadap hasil belajar IPA. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuasi eksperimen dengan rancangan non equivalent posttest only group. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV SD dengan jumlah 157 orang siswa. Jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini yaitu 61 siswa yang ditentukan dengan teknik cluster sampling. Data hasil belajar IPA dikumpulkan dengan instrumen tes pilihan ganda. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji-t sampel independent.  Berdasarkan analisis data terungkap bahwa t hitung yang diperoleh lebih kecil dari 0,05 yaitu 0,001. Berdasarkan  hal tersebut dapat disimpulan bahwa model pembelajaran quantum tipe VAK berbasis penilaian portofolio berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar IPA siswa kelas IV SD.
Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Vietnam Commercial Bank Operations
Authors: Tang Sang My , Tien Hung Nguyen
Published: July 2020

Through secondary data, the research study about the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on commercial bank operations. Research results show that AI is being applied in the banking industry with many different applications such as Chatbot, risk assessment, anti-money laundering, fraud detection, and algorithmic... The application of AI in the banking industry is changing day by day, but the trend of AI application of the bank focuses on three goals that affect the bank's operations. The impact of AI on banking operations including the impact on customer experience, the impact on the bank's cost and performance, the impact on risk management, and the impact on bank compliance.
ANALISIS KADAR KAFEIN, ANTIOKSIDAN DAN MUTU BUBUK KOPI BEBERAPA INDUSTRI KECIL MENENGAH (IKM) DI KABUPATEN TANAH DATAR [Analysis of Cafein, Antixidant and Quality Levels Coffee Powder of Some Medium Small Industries (IKM) In the Tanah Datar Regency]
Authors: Wijayanti Ruri , Anggia Malse
Published: July 2020

The caffeine, antioxidant levels, and the quality of coffee powder produced by some small and medium industries in Tanah Datar District were determined in this study. The results of this study are expected to be a reference for the public regarding the caffeine and antioxidants content, as well as the quality of the coffee powder. Samples were obtained from 3 sub-districts in Tanah Datar District, including Salimpauang District, Sungai Tarab District, and Limo Kaum District. The purposive sampling method was used in this study by considering the most famous coffee powder products and well-liked by the public. Analysis of the characteristics of the coffee powder included the caffeine and antioxidant levels, water content, and ash content, as well as organoleptic tests. The results showed that the caffeine content of the coffee powder of most SMI (4 from 6 SMI sample) in the Tanah Datar Regency met the quality standards of SNI.  The content of antioxidant was ranged from 32,79 to 39,53%. Likewise, the water (7%)  and ash (5%) content have fulfilled the SNI 01-3542-2004 quality standards.
SENSORI, KADAR ASAM OKSALAT DAN KALSIUM OKSALAT BUBUR INSTAN TALAS-IKAN CAKALANG YANG DISUPLEMENTASI TEPUNG LABU KUNING [The Sensory, Oxalate Acid and Calcium Oxalate Content of Taro- Skipjack Fish Porridge Instant Supplemented by Pumpkin Flour]
Authors: Yulianti Yulianti , Basri Bayu ST
Published: July 2020

The development of taro flour as raw material for instant porridge requires the addition of other constituents to improve the quality of sensory and nutrition. The research aimed to determine the effect of the addition of pumpkin flour to the level of preference and content of oxalic acid and calcium oxalate instant taro-skipjack fish. The study used a Completely Randomized Design with the treatment of 3 concentrations of pumpkin flour (5%, 10%, 15%) applied to taro-skipjack fish-taro flour as an instant porridge material. The results showed that the level of panelists' preference increased with increasing concentrations of pumpkin flour. The treatment of pumpkin flour 15% produced the best sensory instant pulp both in terms of color, taste, aroma, and texture. The content of oxalic acid and calcium oxalate in the treatment was 0.54 mg / 100 g and 2.41 mg / 100 g, respectively.
PENERAPAN SIX SIGMA DAN KAIZEN UNTUK MEMPERBAIKI KUALITAS ROTI DI UD. CJ BAKERY[Application of six sigma and kaizen to improve the bread quality In UD. CJ Bakery]
Authors: Hairiyah Nina
Published: July 2020

Sweet bread produced by UD. CJ Bakery has defects in the form of size, texture and color. In this study the process of improving the quality of sweet bread in UD. CJ Bakery was done by application of the six sigma and kaizen methods. The results showed that the cause of bread size defects was a less efficient cutting technique with a defect percentage of 28.97%. Color defects were caused by the length of the curing process and too high heating temperature with a defect percentage value of 20.51%, while texture defects were caused by a prolonged proofing process with a defect percentage value of 50.51%. Actions to reduce the value of product size, color and texture defects were by using good and correct cutting techniques, taking into account the time and temperature of the oven, and making a simple proofing cabinet. The sigma level before the improvement was 2.24 with a DPMO value of 259,333. After improvement, the sigma level value was 2.38 and the DPMO value was 115,600. These results showed that UD. CJ Bakery has improved its quality after implementing Six Sigma and Kaizen.
Post QALY: Scientific Approaches to Real World Formulary Decision Making
Authors: Langley Paul , McKenna Stephen
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this anniversary supplement for Innovations in Pharmacy is to consider and / or propose modern, scientific methods for determining the evidence base for the fair pricing and accessibility of pharmaceutical products and medical devices. At present, such decisions are based on the construction of imaginary value assessment models that fail to meet the standards of normal science. Such a business model has been adopted by the Institute for Clinical and Economic Review (ICER) in the US, NICE in the UK and in a number of other countries.

 

Article Type: Call for Papers
Pun in the Chinese advertisement texts
Authors: Zhang Tao
Published: July 2020

This article reviews and analyzes pun in the Chinese advertisement texts. Pun is a literary technique that in the same contexts uses different meanings of similarly sounding single word, different words or phrases. In the Chinese advertisements pun is used as an instrument of linguistic manipulation for imparting a humorous effect or instigating targeted audience to utilize their imagination for decoding a message. Usage of pun in advertising attaches a meaning to an expression, which seems hard to understand, but in reality, it simply attracts consumer’s attention and incites them to buy advertised goods based on the background knowledge. In accordance with the selectmen material, communicative-pragmatic method is recognized as most relevant allowing to consider linguistic peculiarities of the text, as well as extralinguistic circumstances and factors. Pun plays an important role in creating advertisement texts. Bright and positive texts that contain pun are capable of expressing a deeper meaning and convey larger volume of information in comparison with the traditional advertising. Such advertising helps to represent a company and characteristics of a product in a simple and understandable format and ensure product marketing.
Symbolics of the novel “The Woman of Rome” by Alberto Moravia
Authors: Asadov Isa
Published: July 2020

This article analyzes the novel “The Woman of Rome” (1947) by the Italian author of the XX century Alberto Moravia. As in his other novels, Moravia features a one reflexing character, creating an authorial intention in the oeuvre. The article examines special symbolics in the novel. The events take place in the 1940’s, during the Fascism era in Italy: the heroine is a victim of indifference and cruelty of the society and her own weakness, inability to refuse material gains, defend her values and dreams. Emphasis is also made on interaction between the social classes. Unlike the heroes of other novels of Alberto Moravia, Adriana loses her place in the society, changing her behavioral patterns and undergoing reassessment of values. Each character interacting with her can be interpreted as a symbol, representative of a certain class they belong to. And each of them exploit and impact her in their own way. The text in question can be considered as neo-realistic or existential. The author also underlines common traits of the protagonists of Moravia’s novels. For example, Cesira the heroine of the novel “Two Women” (“La Ciociara”, 1957) belongs to petite bourgeoisie, she also experience the transformation of life attitudes, having become a witness of dehumanization of people and overall indifference towards the fate of the country; but unlike Adriana, who is a victim, she manifests in role of a witness. The scientific novelty consists in analysis of symbolics of the novel and correlation between fate of the heroine and fate of the country. The heroines in the works of Alberto Moravia symbolize Fascist era in Italy differently; only in case with Adriana she personifies the changes, reaching the moral decline and perverting her inner self under the influence of fascism. Analysis is conducted on peculiarities of narration in the novel: her story can be perceived as a confession, or as a conversation with an understanding friend. This softens the perception of tragic events in the novel, since in increases the level of trust of the audience to the heroine. Symbolics of the novel includes the images of Madonna and Danaë (Titian’s painting).
The image of a teenage girl in Chuck Palahniuk’s novel “Cursed”
Authors: Kurakova Inna  Aleksandrovna
Published: July 2020

The goal of this research is determination of specificity of the image of the heroine in the novel by a contemporary American writer Chuck Palahniuk “Cursed”. The article analyzes such aspects as the inner world of the character, relationship with parents, agemates and society in the two contrasting words: real world, during the lifetime of the heroine, and surreal, in hell, after her death. Detailed description of the character allows seeing two different guises of the heroine, while application of literary analysis allows analyzing the traits of the protagonist and place within the system of artistic world of Chuck Palahniuk’s prose. The paper presents a review of scientific pursuits of the Russian and foreign scholars dealing with the works of Chuck Palahniuk. The novelty of this research consists in determination of dual nature of the image of a teenager reflected in the two-world realm created by C. Palahniuk. The analysis demonstrated that in to contrasting worlds, the image of a teenager transforms and manifests differently. In the real world, it is a modest girl, with multiple feelings of inferiority, who has complicated relationships with parents and surrounding people. In the surreal world, she attains new traits, such as authoritativeness, courage, ability to maintain friendships. The conclusion is made that that Chuck Palahniuk creates two images of the heroine. Paradox lies in the fact that an unsuccessful individual in a real world becomes successful in the afterlife. Practical value of this article is defined by its contribution into the theory of literary image, particularly, future development of the methodology for studying the image of the character in transgressive prose.
Color symbolism in Russian and Chinese languages and semantics of hydronyms with a color component
Authors: Liu Lu , Rybakov Mikhail  Anatolyevich
Published: July 2020

The goal of this article is the characteristics of color symbolism as the means for creating imagery in a discursive aspect. In the course of this research, the following questions were addressed: 1) generalization of the semantics of color designation in the linguistic context; 2) characterization of linguistic specificity of color designations in the Chinese language, and comparison with the Russian language; 3) determination of intralinguistic and extralinguistic factors impacting the functionality of color designations in media discourse; 4) systematization of means and specificity of creation of imagery in the TV series “Story of Yanxi Palace” using the color designations; 5) characterization of metaphorical potential of Chinese words for color designation in the context of TV series “Story of Yanxi Palace”. The key color designations in the Russian language are white, black, red, blue, yellow, and green. It also suits the Chinese language. The meaning of color is closely related to people’s psychology and national culture. Although the Russians and Chinese have common understanding of the true nature of color, due to the differences in cultural traditions, customs, geographical conditions, traditional national and cultural way of thinking, prevailing religious ideas and language expressions, color designations have different symbolic meanings. Having studied the words that express “color”, the author determined that each culture has its own comprehension and interpretation of various colors, particularly, based on the example of geographical names.
Genres maktub and hitap in Bashkir literature of the early XX century
Authors: Bayguzhin Islam Gizzatovich
Published: July 2020

This article examines the works of the enlighteners, innovator, and agitators in Bashkir literature of the early XX century. The author analyzes the motifs, images and ideological-thematic aspects of poets in the genres maktub and hitap. It is determined that in form of appeals, they raise the problems of freedom, enlightenment, suppression of people, protest of war, etc. Literary examples of poetic works that reflect the motifs of that time are subjected to analysis. Agitational, manifestational, publicistic, and revolutionary ideas are revealed in the images of war, since the agitators called people to seek freedom and development. Namely the genres maktub and hitap contributed to explication of thoughts, desires and aspirations of the innovators of the early XX century. The struggle for freedom, equality, and education intertwined with the ideas of revolution and enlightenment. Some poets claimed that namely illiteracy and unprofessionalism of the people impede social development. Therefore, the appeals played a crucial role in works of the poets, which were filled with humanistic spirit, strive for perfection and ideals. The scientific novelty consists in detailed examination of the genres maktup and hitap in the works of Bashkir writers of the early XX century, as well as consideration of modern approaches towards assessment of aesthetic aspect of these genres. It is concluded that the genres maktub and hitap possess a quality to manifest an opinion or stance on various problems and situations of that time. They are fused with deep and tense thoughts and feelings that can form the worldview and experiences of the poet-citizen, poet-fighter, who have active approach to life and their time.