bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sequential Stratigraphy of Outcropping Strata Equivalent to Arab-D Reservoir, Wadi Nisah, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Meyer Franz O. , Price Rex C. , Al-Ghamdi Ibrahim A. , Al-Goba Ibrahim M. , Al-Raimi Saleh M. , Cole John C.
Published: October 2021

Two outcrops in Wadi Nisah of Central Saudi Arabia expose sedimentary successions of the Jubaila and Arab formations which are stratigraphic equivalents of the Arab-D reservoir in Ghawar field. These carbonate exposures consist of lithofacies and stacking patterns similar to the succession found in Arab-D reservoir. Nineteen vertical sedimentary cycles were identified by collectively evaluating disconformable relationships, textural characteristics, and lithofacies assemblages. These, in turn, define 3 depositional cycle types: (1) stromatoporoid, (2) skeletal bank, and (3) thinning-upward.

The lateral distribution of lithofacies within the stromatoporoid cycle shows that stromatoporoid grainstones form organic buildups flanked by burrowed mud-dominated carbonates. Stromatoporoid banks locally exhibit thickness increases of about 3 meters (10 feet) over a horizontal distance of 500 meters (1, 700 feet). Conversely, the five foot-thick skeletal grainstone capping the skeletal bank cycle forms a continuous sheet exceeding 2 kilometers (1.2 miles) in width. Thinly bedded carbonate sand units within the thinning-upward cycle exhibit pronounced lateral discontinuity. Beds pinch out against topographic highs formed by stromatoporoid buildups over distances of less than a hundred meters (328 feet).

Results of the outcrop stratigraphic analysis enable visualization of lateral and vertical stratigraphic relationships and potential fluid-flow pathways. This study demonstrates that outcropping cycles and their lithofacies components have several important implications for ongoing subsurface reservoir characterization and modeling of the Arab-D. Firstly, cycle definition identifies stratigraphic units whose bounding surfaces describe envelopes that constrain the interwell distribution of lithofacies. Secondly, the lithofacies define geometries for the interwell distribution of petrophysical characteristics. Thirdly, the understanding of lateral relationships of these carbonates aids in reservoir simulation modeling.
Assessment of the absorbed doses in the fetus from the computed tomography of the chest for the pregnant women
Authors: Vodovatov A. V. , Chipiga L. A. , Piven P. A. , Trufanov G. E. , Berkovich G. V. , Mashchenko I. A. , Druzhinina P. S. , Puzyrev V. G. , Ryzhov S. A.
Published: October 2021

The number and contribution of high dose imaging modalities, computed tomography in particular, is rapidly increasing both in the 'Russian Federation and other developed countries. Maximal increase in the number of computed tomography examinations in Russia was observed in 2020 due to the full-scale application of this imaging modality for the diagnostics of the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19. The use of computed tomography for the examination of the chest for the pregnant women is associated with several issues. An internationally accepted approach for the provision of the radiation safety of the pregnant patients is the assessment of the absorbed dose in the fetus after each X-ray examination. However, there are no existingn approved methods for the assessment of the absorbed dose in the fetus in the Russian Federation. The aim of the current study was to assess the doses in the fetus for the pregnant women undergoing computed tomography of the chest due to the COVID-19 and to estimate the probability of the development of the deterministic effects for the fetus. The study was based on the collection of the parameter of Russian and international computed tomography protocols. Parameters of the international computed tomography protocols were collected viameta-analysis of the existing publications; Russian protocols — via data collection in computed tomography departments in St-Petersburg hospitals. Absorbed dose in the uterus of the female patient and effective dose for the fetus were calculated using NCICT 3.0 software for 8, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 38 weeks of pregnancy. The results of the calculations indicate the lack of significant differences between absorbed doses in the uterus and effective doses for the fetus for all stages of pregnancy. Maximal doses for the selected computed tomog­ raphy protocols were in the range of 0.5 mGy (mSv) for 8-25 weeks, 0.6 mGy (mSv) for 30 week, 1.4 mGy (mSv) for 35 week and 2.7 mGy (mSv) for 38 week. The threshold for the development of the deterministic effects equal to 100 mGy cannot be exceeded even for repeated (10-15) computed tomography chest scans. Hence, the use of computed tomography as the primary method of COVID-19 diagnostics and staging will not be associated with the development of deterministic effects in the fetus.
Investigation of impact motions in elements of manipulators and robots
Authors: Ragulskis K. , Spruogis B. , Matuliauskas A. , Mištinas V. , Ragulskis L.
Published: October 2021

Impact interactions take place in the process of dynamic behavior in the elements of manipulators and robots. Their precise investigation is an important engineering problem. A model having one degree of freedom with forced excitation and impacts is investigated. A special procedure for more precise calculation of impacts is proposed. Numerical results for various parameters of the investigated system are presented. The advantage of the application of the proposed procedure for more precise calculations of dynamics of this system is indicated.
African Inspired Bridal Shower Dress
Authors:   Lecturer Chinhoyi University of Technology., Felisia Chimbindi , Kudzai Mangwiro , Tarirai Dandira , Josline Gwisai
Published: October 2021

The study sought to design, construct and exhibit a collection of bridal shower dress emphasizing the roles played by a traditional African vaShona wife, inspired by kitchen utensils and artifacts used in the kitchen. Ethnographic methods were used to as the aim of the research was to give cultural interpretations on roles played by traditional vaShona wife and utensils used to cook food. Participant observations and interviews were used to assess the level of acceptance and appreciation of designs of bridal shower dress designs and come up with improvement. Findings revealed that bridal shower wear inspired by traditional kitchen utensils and artifacts is highly accepted. The youths appreciated the intergenerational transfer of culture and traditions. It was recommended that designers may incorporate cultural features on wedding gowns for brides and on grooms’ wear to depict cultural beliefs and values. Further research is required on groom’s wear to depict cultural values among the various cultural groups in Zimbabwe that include Shangani, Ndau, Ndebele and others.
Are there Bad Artworks? Some Views on the Negative Evaluations of Art
Authors:   Department of Philosophy and History of Science. National and Kapodistrian University of Athens/Greece., Gemtou Eleni
Published: October 2021

The general purpose of this paper is to investigate the character of negative evaluations of art through two basic questions, which are to be answered by a historic and a cognitive/structuralistic approach, retrospectively: Do negative evaluations of art have an absolute and permanent character and can negative evaluations block the cognitive process of the creation of aesthetic experience? The definitions of artworks both as value-carriers and as the means of renewing creative and philosophic thinking are used as the basis of an argumentation that reaches the conclusion that negative evaluations of artworks are only temporary as they may change with the passage of time. Moreover, cultivated perceivers of bad artworks may gain deep aesthetic experience because of their effort to justify their negative evaluations, in which they are reminded of the principles of genuine art, due to our structuralistic thinking process based on binary opposites.
Mystery of the Similarities of Indian, European and British Megaliths: a Consideration of Possible Influences in Antiquity
Authors:   Independent Researcher on Megaliths, Ancient Races, Folklores and Tribalsim., Das Subhashis
Published: October 2021

India is a treasure house of a wide variety of megaliths created by separate tribes at different time zones. Surprisingly among this colossal hoard of megaliths across the large landmass of India there are many which have their identical in Europe and Britain. The paper investigates these similarities in architectures of a few megaliths in the lands of Europe, Britain and India. These similarities are indeed a mystery. Why are so many megalithic monuments in these lands identical or nearly so? Could it be that it was the same people who created them or may be these are result of contacts between the people of these countries in some unknown antiquity? The paper studies the causes that may have given rise to these similar megaliths in India, Britain and Europe. In the process it delves into the oral traditions of a few megalith making proto-austroloid Kolarian Mundari tribes of India who recount sagas of their traversing for centuries during much ancient times in many far-off countries which many tribal gurus presume to be various regions of ancient Europe. This may sound preposterous but many European vernaculars as German, Flemish, Greek, Irish and English strangely consist of many words which are indeed Mundari in origin. Many human and place names in Europe shows similarity with austric Mundari words. The paper also discloses that several Mundari tribes in India and many European countries use exactly the same word for the same object. In addition, particular discussion centres on the meanings of the Mundari sasandiri and the folklore place-name Sasanbeda. All these indubitably advocate that such resemblances are not upshot of a meagre happenstance but has materialised as a consequence of a contact subsequent to the arrival of these tribes in Europe perhaps during the European Neolithic Era. This proposes that the tribal folklores of the proto-Australoid Kolarian Mundari tribes is possibly inherently correct and therefore deserve in-depth study. These types of Indian megaliths that are similar to that of Europe and Britain either remain to be dated or have been found to be of much later date than their western counterparts.
Embossment and its significance approach to practicing Contemporary Artporary Art
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Fine Arts, Amity University, Noida, Sahu Tikendra Kumar
Published: October 2021

Embossing is the art term of any process – e.g. casting, chasing, stamping, carving or molding- designed to make a pattern or figurative composition stand out in relief. The present paper discusses the contemporary practices of embossing by different Indian artists under three broad categories: Pressing, Carving and Punching. This will discuss the artworks of the artists for exploring the motivational aspects and for examining the development of visual language. All the primary case studies of were evidently researched by having a direct observation of their practices through interviews and by examining primary and secondary textual sources moderated by their artistic process as the contemporary modernist approaches.
Caves and the Surrounding Archaeological Assemblages in Talakona Region, Andhra Pradesh
Authors:   Senior Academic Fellow, Indian Council of Historical Research (ICHR), New Delhi., Reddy T. Babji
Published: October 2021

Caves have been using as natural dwellings from prehistoric times to the present. It is a known fact that worldwide Archaeologists and Anthropologists were collected the most important cultural and physical remains of early human beings from the caves. The present paper discusses the caves and their surrounding archaeological assemblages found inside and around the caves based on the explorations conducted in the Talakona forest region (a part of Tirumala/Seshachalam hills) in Andhra Pradesh. Talakona region has several pieces of evidence of the prehistoric and proto-historic periods. The available pieces of evidence such as Palaeolithic stone tools (hand axes, cleavers, flakes etc.), rock art, megalithic burials and historic temples suggest that this region has great continuity from the past. The present paper discusses human continuity based on the archaeological pieces of evidence available from the caves and their surrounding environment.
Historical Ornamentation of Chinese Scroll Painting and Bengal Pata Painting
Authors:   School of Art & Design, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China, 430070., Mandalal Rajiv MandRajiv , Xianyi Yang ,   School of Art & Design, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China, 430070., Meiyan Wang ,   School of Art & Design, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China, 430070.
Published: October 2021

History of Chinese scroll painting and Bengal pata painting as well as Kalighat pata painting is very old and vide. Mainly the scroll paintings carrying different stories and episodes of different Epics, Mythological stories, activities with landscapes and daily life ornamentations. This paper is carrying the historical description of Scroll paintings from Far East and India. Chinese scroll paintings reflect stories and activities with landscapes, flowers, birds, poems and the massages were the Chinese characters played an important role as well. The Chinese scroll painting is an important source to the linage of the traditional painting to modern. It depicts from court to individual memorable events and stories. Bengal pata paintings developed to reflect a variety of themes of Myth and the other historical events. The artists depict Hindu Gods, Goddesses and other mythological characters and their stories as the episodes from Vedas, Puranas and Mangal Kavyas. Bengal scroll also reflects the history as well as the social and cultural daily life activities; at the time of colonial period, especially in Kalighat pata painting.
Radhe Krishna Temple of Baroh, Kangra: A Photo Journey
Authors:   PhD from  from Jawaharlal Nehru University., Dogra Sapna
Published: October 2021

In this photo essay, I want to show the spectacular beauty of the Baba Baroh Temple of Kangra through some of my photographs.Located in Baba Baroh, a tehsil of Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh, 45km away from Dharamshala City, Radhe Krishna temple of Baba Baroh is the most famous pilgrim spot for the rural population. A lack of hotels, guest houses and restaurants in the area are some of the reasons that this temple is not on every traveller’s list that comes to Kangra. A large number of other smaller temples can be found around Baroh but are of negligible historical and architectural importance. At present, one big marble temple is standing here and is spectacular in beauty. The breathtaking beauty of the temple can be gauged by the fact that the temple (made purely of white marble) stands tall atop a hill surrounded by snow-capped Dhauladhar range around it.
The European Influence on Sikh Portraiture: Representations of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, Sher-e-Punjab (the Lion of the Punjab)
Authors:   PhD Candidate, History of Art and Archaeology, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, United Kingdom., Ikeda Atsushi
Published: October 2021

Maharaja Ranjit Singh was one of the greatest patrons in the early modern period of South Asia. Under his sovereignty, local ateliers like the Imam Bakhsh workshop developed and many European artists like August Schefft and Emily Eden visited the Punjab region. His reign was also the period of economic and social growth, which fostered the spirit of Punjabi cultural identity across the Sikh Kingdom. Representations of Ranjit Singh changed significantly from his lifetime to posthumous portraits; the latter is characterized by advanced pictorial expression rather than the simply realistic technique. More development is evident in the colonial period, when the number of single portraits increased perhaps due to the import of small media like ivory and mica. Portraits of Ranjit Singh represent increasing European influence on Sikh art.
Deathbed, Breathing the Last, and Funeral Procession: Musing under the canopy of history
Authors:   School of Tamil, Indian Languages and Rural Arts, Gandhigram Rural University, Gandhigram – 624 302., Rajarajan R.K. K.
Published: October 2021

“In Nature’s book of infinite secrecy/ A little I can read”. These words of the soothsayer in Shakespeare’s ‘Antony and Cleopatra’ (Act I, Scene ii) is symbolic. It is uttered in the company of Charmian and Iras, maidens attending on Cleopatra (Hutchinson n.d.: pl. facing p. 39); perhaps designed to foretell the end of Mark Antony[i] in the near future after the battle of Actium. Everything existing on this earth must pass through nature to eternity that is denoted by the common word “death”. But, death at a young age is cruel whether natural, volunteered, accidental or due to any injunction. The brilliant Tamil woman-mystic ?????[ii] and the versatile English poet, John Keats[iii] died at a young age that was a great loss to the world of literature. The Buddha as a novice-monk was in pursuit of death but gave up the unnatural process of suicidal mortification (Le-Bon 1974: fig. p. 55, Yiengpruksawan 2007: 44-63, Ahuja 2013: fig. 6, pp. 21-24) and resorted to yoga to realize cosmic realities under the Bodhi tree at S?ran?th (Parimoo et al. 1991: I, pls. 50-45, 106-107)[iv]. Jesus of Nazareth (cf. Gallico 1999: figures on pages 111, 20 & 42, Ahuja 2013: fig. 39) and Mu?ammad of Mecca (cf. Stewart 1980: figures on pages 36-37) died at a relatively young age; otherwise the history of world’s greatest religions would have been different. If they had lived long […]; this “if” factor in history is difficult to answer. Neither Jesus nor Mu?ammad “invited” nor “pursued” death (Settar 1986, 1990); one was crucified by Jewish treachery of those times and other of some other malady. Preachers of terrorism do not die under a peaceful environment. “Whoso sheddeth man’s blood, by man shall his blood be shed for in the image of God made he man” (Genesis 9.6).
Gaze, Face, and Theatricality: Facing the Faceless Man in a Burmese Parabaik-Painting of Royal Court Performances
Authors:   International Studies Department, Miriam College, Quezon City, Philippines, Israel Lorna Q.
Published: October 2021

Feminist scholars or artists see the world through the gender lens, which mastered the act of looking at men’s pervasive presence. I encountered its limits while gazing at a figure in the 19th century Burmese parabaik or folded paintings. In these paintings, which depict royal court performances, a figure emerges–a full-bodied man without a face. The painter granted him a faceless face and a gaze to follow. I embarked on a conversation with this faceless man by using the haptic eyes or that which faces the fleshly force of the painting. Who is this faceless man? Most importantly, why do my gendered eyes conclude that this figure is a man?
Remote Monitoring Systems for Patients With Chronic Diseases in Primary Health Care: Systematic Review
Authors: Peyroteo Mariana , Ferreira Inês Augusto , Elvas Luís Brito , Ferreira João Carlos , Lapão Luís Velez
Published: October 2021

Background

The digital age, with digital sensors, the Internet of Things (IoT), and big data tools, has opened new opportunities for improving the delivery of health care services, with remote monitoring systems playing a crucial role and improving access to patients. The versatility of these systems has been demonstrated during the current COVID-19 pandemic. Health remote monitoring systems (HRMS) present various advantages such as the reduction in patient load at hospitals and health centers. Patients that would most benefit from HRMS are those with chronic diseases, older adults, and patients that experience less severe symptoms recovering from SARS-CoV-2 viral infection.

Objective

This paper aimed to perform a systematic review of the literature of HRMS in primary health care (PHC) settings, identifying the current status of the digitalization of health processes, remote data acquisition, and interactions between health care personnel and patients.

Methods

A systematic literature review was conducted using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guidelines to identify articles that explored interventions with HRMS in patients with chronic diseases in the PHC setting.

Results

The literature review yielded 123 publications, 18 of which met the predefined inclusion criteria. The selected articles highlighted that sensors and wearables are already being used in multiple scenarios related to chronic disease management at the PHC level. The studies focused mostly on patients with diabetes (9/26, 35%) and cardiovascular diseases (7/26, 27%). During the evaluation of the implementation of these interventions, the major difficulty that stood out was the integration of information into already existing systems in the PHC infrastructure and in changing working processes of PHC professionals (83%).

Conclusions

The PHC context integrates multidisciplinary teams and patients with often complex, chronic pathologies. Despite the theoretical framework, objective identification of problems, and involvement of stakeholders in the design and implementation processes, these interventions mostly fail to scale up. Despite the inherent limitations of conducting a systematic literature review, the small number of studies in the PHC context is a relevant limitation. This study aimed to demonstrate the importance of matching technological development to the working PHC processes in interventions regarding the use of sensors and wearables for remote monitoring as a source of information for chronic disease management, so that information with clinical value is not lost along the way.
In Search of State and Trait Emotion Markers in Mobile-Sensed Language: Field Study
Authors: Carlier Chiara , Niemeijer Koen , Mestdagh Merijn , Bauwens Michael , Vanbrabant Peter , Geurts Luc , van Waterschoot Toon , Kuppens Peter
Published: October 2021

Background

Emotions and mood are important for overall well-being. Therefore, the search for continuous, effortless emotion prediction methods is an important field of study. Mobile sensing provides a promising tool and can capture one of the most telling signs of emotion: language.

Objective

The aim of this study is to examine the separate and combined predictive value of mobile-sensed language data sources for detecting both momentary emotional experience as well as global individual differences in emotional traits and depression.

Methods

In a 2-week experience sampling method study, we collected self-reported emotion ratings and voice recordings 10 times a day, continuous keyboard activity, and trait depression severity. We correlated state and trait emotions and depression and language, distinguishing between speech content (spoken words), speech form (voice acoustics), writing content (written words), and writing form (typing dynamics). We also investigated how well these features predicted state and trait emotions using cross-validation to select features and a hold-out set for validation.

Results

Overall, the reported emotions and mobile-sensed language demonstrated weak correlations. The most significant correlations were found between speech content and state emotions and between speech form and state emotions, ranging up to 0.25. Speech content provided the best predictions for state emotions. None of the trait emotion–language correlations remained significant after correction. Among the emotions studied, valence and happiness displayed the most significant correlations and the highest predictive performance.

Conclusions

Although using mobile-sensed language as an emotion marker shows some promise, correlations and predictive R2 values are low.
A machine learning-based model for predicting intensive care unit length of stay in patients with cardiac surgery (Preprint)
Authors: Wu Nianyue , Liu Siru , Zhang Haotian , Hou Xiaomin , Zhang Ping , Li Ke , Liu Jialin
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND

The intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay is significant to evaluate the effect of cardiac surgical treatment inpatient.

OBJECTIVE

This research aims to accurately predict the ICU length of stay in patients with cardiac surgery.
Methods: We used machine learning methods to construct the model, and the medical information mart for intensive care (MIMIC IV) database was used as the data source. A total of 7,567 patients were enrolled and the mean length of stay in the ICU was 3.12 days. A total of 126 predictors were included, and 44 important predictors were screened by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) regression.

METHODS

We used machine learning methods to construct the model, and the medical information mart for intensive care (MIMIC IV) database was used as the data source. A total of 7,567 patients were enrolled and the mean length of stay in the ICU was 3.12 days. A total of 126 predictors were included, and 44 important predictors were screened by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) regression.

RESULTS

The mean accuracy are 0.603 (95% confidence interval (CI): [0.602-0.604]), 0.687 (95% confidence interval (CI): [0.687-0.688]) and 0.688 (95% confidence interval (CI): [0.687-0.689]) for the logistic regression (LR) with all variables, the gradient boosted decision tree (GBDT) with important variables and the GBDT with all variables respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

The GBDT model with important predictors partly overestimated patients whose length of stay was less than 3 days and underestimated patients whose length of stay was longer than 3 days. But the better prediction performance of GBDT facilitates early intervention of ICU patients with a long period of hospitalization.
Spin in Abstracts of Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses of Melanoma Therapies: Cross-sectional Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Nowlin Ross , Wirtz Alexis , Wenger David , Ottwell Ryan , Cook Courtney , Arthur Wade , Sallee Brigitte , Levin Jarad , Hartwell Micah , Wright Drew , Sealey Meghan , Zhu Lan , Vassar Matt
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND

Spin is defined as the misrepresentation of a study’s results, which may lead to misperceptions or misinterpretation of the findings. Spin has previously been found in randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews of acne vulgaris treatments and treatments of various nondermatological conditions.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to quantify the presence of spin in abstracts of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of melanoma therapies and identify any related secondary characteristics of these articles.

METHODS

We used a cross-sectional approach on June 2, 2020, to search the MEDLINE and Embase databases from their inception. To meet inclusion criteria, a study was required to be a systematic review or meta-analysis pertaining to the treatment of melanoma in human subjects, and reported in English. We used the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) definition of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Data were extracted in a masked, duplicate fashion. We conducted a powered bivariate linear regression and calculated odds ratios for each study characteristic.

RESULTS

A total of 200 systematic reviews met the inclusion criteria. We identified spin in 38% (n=76) of the abstracts. The most common type of spin found was type 3 (selective reporting of or overemphasis on efficacy outcomes or analysis favoring the beneficial effect of the experimental intervention), occurring 40 times; the least common was type 2 (title claims or suggests a beneficial effect of the experimental intervention not supported by the findings), which was not present in any included abstracts. We found that abstracts pertaining to pharmacologic interventions were 3.84 times more likely to contain spin. The likelihood of an article containing spin has decreased annually (adjusted odds ratio 0.91, 95% CI 0.84-0.99). No significant correlation between funding source or other study characteristics and the presence of spin was identified.

CONCLUSIONS

We have found that spin is fairly common in the abstracts of systematic reviews of melanoma treatments, but the prevalence of spin in these abstracts has been declining from 1992-2020.
Anoftalmia en Dendropsophus luddeckei (Anura: Hylidae) en un agroecosistema pastoril de Villa de Leyva, Colombia
Authors: Cortés Suárez Javier Ernesto
Published: October 2021

En esta nota reporto un caso de malformación ocular conocida como anoftalmia (ojo ausente) en la rana arborícola de sabana Dendropsophus luddeckei en un agroecosistema pastoril en el municipio de Villa de Leyva, departamento de Boyacá, Colombia.
The population decline of Atelopus quimbaya (Anura: Bufonidae) in the Andes of Colombia
Authors: Gómez-Hoyos Diego A. , Cardona William , González-Durán Gustavo A. , Flechas Sandra Victoria , Kattan Gustavo H. , Velasco Julian A
Published: October 2021

El sapo Quimbaya, Atelopus quimbaya, es un bufónido pequeño endémico de los Andes en Colombia y categorizado como Críticamente Amenazada por la IUCN. Aquí, reportamos los avistamientos históricos y muestreos recientes realizados por nosotros en tres localidades donde el sapo Quimbaya fue registrado en el pasado. Los últimos registros del sapo Quimbaya fueron en 1994-1997 en estas tres localidades. Aunque realizamos muestreos extensivos recientemente (años 2003-2004, 2010-2011 y 2011-2012) ningún sapo Quimbaya fue detectado, así como tampoco huevos o renacuajos. Discutimos factores de riesgo de extinción potenciales que condujeron al decline poblacional de esta especie en la región y por lo tanto recomendado que esta especie debería ser declarada extinta. Sospechamos que una combinación de factores de riesgo incluyendo la presencia de la trucha invasora (trucha arcoíris), enfermedades, y variabilidad climática jugaron un papel importante en la extinción de esta especie.
Sauroleishmania, PROTOZOARIOS ASOCIADOS CON REPTILES: DISTRIBUCIÓN, VECTORES Y HOSPEDEROS
Authors: Lozano Sardaneta Yokomi Nisei , Colunga Salas Pablo , Sánchez Pineda Laura , Sánchez Montes Sokani , Ochoa Ochoa Leticia , Becker Fauser Ingeborg
Published: October 2021

Los reptiles frecuentemente pueden estar infectados por diversos parásitos, como protozoarios del género Leishmania (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatida: Trypanosomatidae), que es agente causal de una enfermedad transmitida por vector conocida como leishmaniasis, la cual afecta a más de 12 millones de personas a nivel mundial. Este género agrupa aproximadamente 53 especies, de las cuales 21 están estrechamente relacionadas con reptiles, las cuales son clasificadas dentro del subgénero Sauroleishmania. Estas especies son transmitidas por flebotominos del género Sergentomyia, las cuales parasitan al menos 36 especies de reptiles de las familias: Lacertidae, Iguanidae, Agamidae, Gekkonidae, Chamaeleonidae, Phyllodactylidae y Teiidae.

Las especies de Sauroleishmania, están restringidas al Viejo Mundo, sin embargo, su estudio resulta de gran relevancia ya que al no ser patógenas de humanos sirven como modelo para el estudio molecular y bioquímico de especies patógenas, ya que de esa forma se pueden predecir patrones de transmisión y conocer la epidemiología, con la finalidad de desarrollar estrategias de control vectorial más eficaces. En América existe evidencia histórica de la presencia de algunas especies de este subgénero, y ya que algunas especies de hospederos del protozoario fueron introducidas al continente, además de que existe la presencia de flebotominos que tienen preferencias alimenticias hacia reptiles es importante seguir explorando si existen otras especies de vectores y reptiles que desempeñen un papel importante en la transmisión de la leishmaniasis en América.
Development of new immunoanalytical test systems for diagnostics of potato blackleg caused by Dickeya spp. bacteria
Authors: Razo Shyatesa , Galushka Pavel A. , Varitsev Yuri A. , Zherdev Anatoly V. , Safenkova Irina V. , Pakina Elena N. , Dzantiev Boris B.
Published: October 2021

Potato blackleg caused by Dickeya spp. bacteria is one of the most important bacterial diseases of potatoes. The rapid spread of this disease in the territory of Russia requires new effective diagnostic tools for the timely detection of infection. To solve this problem, antisera specific to Dickeya spp. were obtained. Polyclonal antibodies isolated from antisera have shown high affinity for the main species of Dickeya spp. ( D. solani, D. dianthicola, D. chrysanthemi, D. dadantii, D. paradisiaca ). Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) test systems have been developed based on specific and high affinity antibodies that were obtained. For ELISA, the detection limit was 0.8 105 cells/mL for D. solani and 2 104 cells/mL for D. dianthicola . For LFIA, suitable for use in non-laboratory conditions, the detection limit of D. solani was 2 105 cells/mL and the analysis time was 15 minutes. When testing potato seed material, LFIA test system confirmed positive results of ELISA determination in 75 % of samples, and negative - in 100 % of samples.
The results of catching winged aphids with water traps on potato plantings in the southern part of the Arkhangelsk region
Authors: Shamanin Aleksey A. , Korelina Valentina A. , Berim Marina N. , Popova Lyudmila A.
Published: October 2021

Dynamics of the number and species composition of aphids were studied on seed potatoes using yellow water traps in the southern part of the Arkhangelsk region in 2018-2019. 12 species of winged aphids (165 insects) were identified in 2018, and 16 species (115 insects) - in 2019. The following types dominated: black bean aphid A. fabae Scop., bird cherry-oat aphid R. padi L., blackcurrant-sowthistle aphid H. lactucae L., glasshouse-potato aphid A. solani Kalt. The share of aphids as direct and indirect vectors of viral diseases was 91 % of the total number in 2018, and 79.1 % in 2019. The pest population of potato plants depended directly on weather conditions of the growing season. The sum of the average daily temperatures during the period of catching aphids was 1273.3 C in 2018, and 983.3 C - in 2019. During the experimental period, 131.6 mm of precipitation fell in 2018, and 280.4 mm - in 2019. Due to the constant presence of aphids on seed potato crops, annual monitoring of pest population and, in case of necessity, protective measures are required.
Microbial respiration and functional diversity of soil microbial community under treeline shifts in the Northwestern Caucasus
Authors: Selezneva Aleksandra E. , Ivashchenko Kristina V. , Sushko Sofia V. , Zhuravleva Anna I. , Ananyeva Nadezhda D. , Blagodatsky Sergey A.
Published: October 2021

In mountain areas, one of the noticeable results of modern climate change is rapid shift of treelines to subalpine and alpine meadows. Such vegetation shifts is associated with a change in quality of the plant residues entering the soils, which in turn can affect the mineralization activity (basal respiration) and functional diversity of the soil microbial community. Therefore, the study was aimed at assessing the soil microbial (basal respiration and functional diversity) and chemical (C, N, C/N, pH) properties (0-10 cm) along the reserved and grazed forest-meadow transects of the Northwestern Caucasus (Karachay-Cherkess Republic), as well as evaluating an effect of vegetation type and land use on variation of these soil properties. It was found that the C and N contents (for both land usees), pH and basal respiration (reserved slope) significantly increase from forest to meadow soils. In contrary, the microbial functional diversity decreased from forest to meadow soils, which might be due to less diverse organic compounds entering the soil only with grass residues than their combination with forest litter. Two-way ANOVA showed that soil microbial functional diversity, pH, C and N along the studied forest-meadow transects was mostly associated with vegetation type (1439 % of the explained variation), and C/N and basal respiration - with land use (3336 % of the explained variation). Thus, a land use change will have a more significant effect on the mineralization activity of soil microbial community than a treeline shifts.
Common oak survival in the forest ecosystem of the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain in the north of Astrakhan region
Authors: Bakaneva Anna A.
Published: October 2021

Forests in our natural environment play an important role. They are a necessary natural resource and perform many functions in the forest ecosystem. As in our country, as well as abroad, due to numerous studies, the enormous role of forests in preserving the ecological balance of the environment has been confirmed. To ensure the uniqueness of the Astrakhan region, it is necessary to restore Lower Volga forests, which in turn perform significant functions, namely: influence on hydrological regime, protect soil from degradation, wind and water erosion, preserve recreational potential of the territory and provide local population with stable agricultural production. In spring and fall of 2019, employees of the Precaspian Agrarian Federal Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences planted 120 seedlings of common oak (60 plants in spring and 60 plants in autumn) in the areas located in the right bank of the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain to the south of Solenoye Zaimishche village. At the end of October 2020, 64 seedlings (53 %) of common oak survived. The best (100 %) survival rate was noted in annual seedlings, which were planted in spring at the site with shading. The greatest plant death (20 %) was in two-year-old seedlings planted in fall at sites with no shading.
Survival of forest strips in ash and slag dump territory of Chita combined heat and power plant
Authors: Banshchikova Ekaterina A. , Zhelibo Tatiana V. , Makarov Vladimir P. , Larin Vyacheslav S.
Published: October 2021

This article is a continuation of research on creation of forest protective strips on the territory of sanitary protection zone with intensive influence of ash and slag dump of the Chita CHPP-1 (TGC-14). Earlier (2017-2019), plantings were made focused on reducing atmospheric pollution, improving soil properties, regulating surface runoff that prevents erosion, fixing ground cover, reducing wind speed and retaining small solid particles. The aim of the research was to analyze survival rate and health of woody and shrubby plant species in protective forest strips; to obtain linear indicators of plant growth and development in experimental plots. In the course of the research, it was found that the overall survival of plants in the experimental plots differed by year. Survival rate of woody and shrubby plant species also differed. Larix gmelinii, Betula pendula, Hippophae rhamnoides, Crataegus sanguinea, Caragana spinosa and Elaeagnus commutata had the highest survival rate in the experiment. The survival of shrubs was generally better than that of trees. Among shrub species, Caragana spinosa (92 and 81 %) and Elaeagnus commutata (95 and 86 %) were characterized by good survival in plantings in 2017 and 2018, respectively. Rosa acicularis (20 %), Spiraea media and Sorbaria sorbifolia (28 %) showed low survival in 2019. The plant survival varies significantly depending on the planting season, types of seedlings and planting technology. The use of planting material (wildfowl) with a large earthen lump increases plant survival in forest protection strips. Unfavorable factors that have a negative impact on the transplanted plants are man-made landscapes, harmful atmospheric impurities from the ash and slag dump. Moreover, competitive relations with herbaceous plants, intensive grazing of animals, insect and disease damage have an additional impact. For healthy growth of plants, it is necessary to perform care for plantings, and organizational measures (fencing of experimental plots with signal tapes). It is important to continue observations and repeat plantings to clarify the adaptive ability of plant species grown in protective plantings, improve planting technology.
How the Russian Theater Discovered Dostoevsky: an Experience in Findings and Losses
Authors:   Belarusian State University of Culture and Arts, Renansky Alexander L.
Published: October 2021

The article is dedicated to conceptualization of the first the Moscow Art Theater experience in stage production of Dostoevsky’s novel “The Brothers Karamazov” in (1910). A description is given of the process of V.I. Nemirovich- Danchenko’s work over a staged version of the novel and its scenic evocation. Consideration is given to the artistic discoveries of fundamental importance for the world theater that occurred in the process of work over the stage play: the discovery of new stagecraft techniques for theatricalizing great literature, the discovery of new “cinematographic” principles of editing acting scenes that had not been invented yet by the then cinematograph itself, the radical rethinking of the traditional temporal structure of scenic action, and the introduction of a Reader (Narrator) into the performance, a novelty for the world theater that allowed the combination of drama action and epic narrative, and the anticipation of the epic theater of the future. The public reaction to the stage production of “The Brothers Karamazov” found expression in a bitter widespread and lengthy dispute among leading political and literary-artistic groupings that revealed not only the deepening polarization in the attitudes toward Dostoevsky’s work but also the far-flung symptoms and signs of the spiritual condition of the Russian society in the prerevolutionary period.
The Leonid Grossman’s Ingenious Introduction to Dostoevsky’s Translation of Eugenie Grandet (“Academia”, 1935)
Authors:   University of Lille, Rolet Serge
Published: October 2021

What was the reason for publishing an old translation of “Eugénie Grandet” that has not been published since 1918, while there exist two newer translations? In this edition of “Eugénie Grandet” L. Grossman is liberated from the editorial direction, advertised by “Academia”. This translated version is not canonical, the translation is not up to modern standards, the text is detached from the scientific apparatus, etc. Grossman intends to prove that publishing an old translation of the novel has its merit, despite the fact that it inherits the traits of a bygone era and is widely considered outdated. In this context the preface by Grib (that precedes Grossman’s article) served to prove that a contemporary, “proletariat” edition of “Eugénie Grandet” could be completed using the translation from the previous era. Using Grib’s introductory article, Grossman shifts the attention to the translator, who usually stays out of sight. Now it is almost like the original text is serving the translation, not the other way around. As a matter of fact, Grossman, a well-known scholar of Dostoevsky, was only interested in Balzac due to his influence on the genesis of the Russian classic’s art. According to Grossman, the translation is unparalleled, but that is due to the creativity and sheer force of its style rather than its precision in following Balzac’s original. The fusion of the author and the translator’s styles gives more value to the translation than the limited attempt at precise interpretation. The attention that this translation received derives not from its connection to the original, but rather from the urge to understand the extent to which Balzac’s novel influenced Dostoevsky. It is safe to assume that the influence of “Eugénie Grandet” on Dostoevsky was of interest to a very narrow circle of scholars. Therefore, it seems possible that the reasons for this were of the same nature as the reasons that Dostoevsky had for translating the novel in the first place: the material interests of the editor might have been the deciding factor.
Dostoevsky through Western Optics: the Case of Knut Hamsun and not only
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Polonsky Vadim V.
Published: October 2021

The article dwells on the main postulates on Dostoevsky at the meeting point for Russian and Western types of reception of his figure, as they were manifested during a discussion devoted to the writer in the Parisian Franco-Russian Studio in December 1929. Against this background, a specific and typologically indicative case of his deep impact on a European writer — Knut Hamsun whom critics could call “the Norwegian Dostoevsky” — is examined. The author analyzes typical cases of adaptation of the techniques of the Russian writer by this Scandinavian novelist, as well as an assessment of his work by the creator of “Hunger” and “Mysteries”.
Nietzsche Reads Dostoevsky: Chronology and Reception Material
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ebanoidze Igor A.
Published: October 2021

he study, based on the analysis of the correspondence, notebooks of Friedrich Nietzsche and other sources from his closest circle, is devoted to the history of the acquaintance of the German thinker with the Dostoevsky’s books and it’s reception in the works of Nietzsche. There are three documented stages of this reception: the end of the winter of 1887, the spring of 1887, and the turn of 1887–1888. The results of the study suggest, first of all, the importance for Nietzsche of acquaintance with the story “Notes from the Underground” (despite the fact that Nietzsche read a French compilation from “Notes” and “Hostess”), as well as the role of the novel “Demons” in the concept of Nietzsche’s “Antichrist”.
The Scientist We Lost: Nadezhda Lvova’s Literary and Critical Experience
Authors:   Moscow City University, Karpacheva Tatiana S.
Published: October 2021

This article introduces for the first time in Literary studies the review of V.F. Pereverzev’s book «Dostoyevsky’s Works. Critical Essay» (Moscow, 1912) by N.G. Ljvova, an unknown Silver Century poet. The young critic, judging by the review, shows profound understanding of Dostoevsky and remarks that the sociological approach, offered by Pereverzev, is not applicable to the works of Dostoevsky. Not only Lvova’s review, offered in this article, but all of her poetical and literary-critical works show her huge talent that had no time to develop fully due to her untimely tragic death in 1913.
Coordinate-free exponentials of general multivector in Cl(p,q) algebras for p+q=3
Authors: Acus Arturas , Dargys Adolfas
Published: October 2021

Closed form expressions in real Clifford geometric algebras Cl(0,3),
Cl(3,0), Cl(1,2), and Cl(2,1) are presented in a coordinate-free form
for exponential function when the exponent is a general multivector. The
main difficulty in solving the problem is connected with an entanglement
(or mixing) of vector and bivector components a and
a in a form
(a-a), i≠ j≠ k .
After disentanglement, the obtained formulas simplify to the well-known
Moivre-type trigonometric/hyperbolic function for vector or bivector
exponentials. The presented formulas may find wide application in
solving GA differential equations, in signal processing, automatic
control and robotics.
AN HISTORICAL APPRAISAL OF THE TECHNIQUES OF LEFT VENTRICULAR VOLUME REDUCTION IN ISCHEMIC CARDIOMYOPATHY: WHO DID WHAT?
Authors: Calafiore Antonio , Totaro Antonio , Prapas Sotirios , katsavrias Kostas , Guarracini Stefano , Lorusso Roberto , Paparella Domenico , Mauro Michele Di
Published: October 2021

Resection or exclusion of scars following a myocardial infarction on the
LAD territory started even before the beginning of the modern era of
cardiac surgery. Many techniques were developed, but there is still
confusion on who did what. The original techniques underwent
modifications that brought to a variety of apparently new procedures
that, however, were only a “revisitation” of what described before. In
some case old techniques were reproposed and renamed, without giving
credit to the surgeon that was the original designer. Herein we try to
describe which are the seminal procedures and some of the most important
modifications, respecting however the merit of who first communicated
the procedure to the scientific world.