bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Abstract B47: Drug-induced EMT is fundamentally distinct from pathologic EMT
Authors: Akhand Saeed Salehin , Wendt Michael
Published: May 2019

Background: Receptor tyrosine kinase ErbB2 (Her2) is overexpressed in an estimated 25% of the breast cancer patients. A therapeutic regime of Her2 targeted therapies, consists of Trastuzumab followed by the dual EGFR/Her2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor, Lapatinib. These therapies continue to show success in blocking the progression of this breast cancer subtype. Of clinical concern, however, cancer cells eventually develop pathways to evade Lapatinib-mediated tumor inhibition and acquire drug resistance. In this study, we sought to understand the molecular mechanism of resistance towards Lapatinib.

Methods: We used Her2 overexpressing human mammary epithelial cells to generate Lapatinib resistant cell lines (LapR) in vitro. The LapR cells acquired growth persistence within the continued presence of Lapatinib for four weeks. We analyzed the resultant cell populations via cell viability assays, immunoblotting, flow cytometry, 3D cell culture and Nano-string gene expression analysis.

Results: Generated LapR cell lines showed robust epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotypes that included upregulated FGFR1 and preservation of their Her2 expression. We tested the viability of LapR cells using dose response assays with Afatinib, a second-generation covalent ErbB kinase inhibitor, and Trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1), an anti-Her2 antibody drug conjugate. We also utilized recently developed covalent inhibitors of FGFR. LapR cells were highly resistant to Afatinib but did show sensitivity to T-DM1 and FGFR kinase inhibition. Importantly, resistance to ErbB inhibition was maintained in the LapR cells for several weeks following removal of Lapatinib. This stable phenotype was consistent with a maintained yet distinct regulation of the cancer stem cell markers (CD44/CD24) compared to a transient EMT induced by transforming growth factor β (TGF-β). Strikingly, we observed that unlike their parental counterparts LapR cells were unable to grow in a compliant 3D matrix. Furthermore, unlike TGF-β-treated cells, LapR cells were unable to metastasize in vivo. By using Nano-string pan cancer progression panel analysis, we characterized key differences in the LapR EMT phenotype as compared to a TGF-β induced EMT.

Future Directions: Currently, we are analyzing the expression data of LapR and TGF-β-induced EMT to identify key targets required for EMT-induced tumor progression. Overall, our studies seek to define what aspects of EMT are involved in cellular persistence in response to anti-cancer drugs versus those utilized by cells during metastatic progression.

Citation Format: Saeed Salehin Akhand, Michael Wendt. Drug-induced EMT is fundamentally distinct from pathologic EMT. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Metastasis; 2015 Nov 30-Dec 3; Austin, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(7 Suppl):Abstract nr B47.
Abstract B48: The effects of different types of hypoxia on tumor progression in breast cancer
Authors: Chen Anna , Sceneay Jaclyn , Gödde Nathan , Thompson Erik , Humbert Patrick , Möller Andreas
Published: May 2019

Hypoxia, the state of low oxygen conditions, occurs frequently in solid tumors and is a poor prognostic factor. The expression of Hif-1α,the main mediator of the hypoxic response pathway, and the subsequent up-regulation of its target genes have been implicated in tumor growth, invasion, angiogenesis, therapy resistance and metastasis. There are two forms of hypoxia present in a growing tumor: chronic hypoxia (caused by limitations in oxygen diffusion from abnormal tumor vasculature) and intermittent hypoxia (caused by the aberrant, repeated and temporary closing and re-opening of blood vessels, leading to fluctuations in oxygen supply). This study investigates the phenotypes endowed by different forms of hypoxia that mediate metastatic potential in a syngeneic mouse model of breast cancer.

By exposing murine breast cancer cells to 9 days of 20% O2 (normoxia), 1% O2 (chronic hypoxia) or alternating 24 hour cycles in 20% O2 and 1% O2 (intermittent hypoxia), we observe that intermittent hypoxia produces tumor cells with greater metastatic potential. These treatments produce no difference in primary tumor growth when orthotopically injected into the mammary fat pad of female C57Bl/6 mice. However, intermittent hypoxia-treated cells give rise to a greater number of and larger lung metastases when injected intravenously via the tail-vein of female C57Bl/6 mice. Intermittent hypoxia, but not chronic hypoxia, up-regulated the expression of genes that predict lung metastasis in breast cancer, endowed cells with an enhanced ability for anchorage-independent growth and produced greater clonal diversity. Furthermore, intermittent hypoxia also caused a switch to glycolysis in cells and induced a pro-tumorigenic, immunosuppressive secretory profile in vitro. Finally, intermittent hypoxia up-regulated the expression of mammary stem cell genes, increased expression of stem cell marker Sca-1 as well as CD14, and generated tumor-initiating cells at a higher frequency as evidenced by in vivo limiting dilution assays.

This work demonstrates that intermittent hypoxia enhances metastatic seeding and outgrowth by priming cells intrinsically to metastasize, while activating co-operating factors that act extrinsically to form a permissive, immunosuppressive microenvironment. By delineating the contributions of different forms of hypoxia to metastasis, critical molecular mediators can be identified in aid of the development of efficacious therapies that could inhibit, prevent or cure metastatic disease.

Citation Format: Anna Chen, Jaclyn Sceneay, Nathan Gödde, Erik Thompson, Patrick Humbert, Andreas Möller. The effects of different types of hypoxia on tumor progression in breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Metastasis; 2015 Nov 30-Dec 3; Austin, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(7 Suppl):Abstract nr B48.
Abstract B49: Epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity primes inherent resistance to targeted therapies
Authors: Brown Wells S. , Wendt Michael
Published: May 2019

The metastasis and acquisition of drug resistance in breast cancer cells has been linked to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Directed therapies using kinase inhibitors and antibodies to target human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her2) have served as a testament to the potential of molecular-targeted therapies in this breast cancer subtype. However, Her2-targeted therapies are plagued by the pitfalls of intrinsic and acquired resistance, particularly in the metastatic setting. To address these questions we conducted long-term treatments of Her2-transformed cells with TGF-β. This treatment regime resulted in a robust and plastic EMT phenotype as characterized by their CD44/CD24 profile. Following removal of stimuli, cells that had undergone TGF-β-induced EMT enter into a highly heterogeneous state, the importance of which is evidenced by their increased in vivo tumor growth metastatic capability. Importantly, the Lapatinib resistant cell population that arises following TGF-β-induced EMT can be readily eliminated via treatment with recently developed covalent inhibitors of fibroblast growth receptor (FGFR). Overall our data demonstrate that the EMT processes induced by physiologic cytokine stimulation are not only critical drivers of metastatic progression but they also are key events in producing secondary tumors that are poised to be inherently resistant to clinically used targeted molecular therapies.

Citation Format: Wells S. Brown, Michael Wendt. Epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity primes inherent resistance to targeted therapies. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Metastasis; 2015 Nov 30-Dec 3; Austin, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(7 Suppl):Abstract nr B49.
Abstract B54: Sustained exposure to TGFβ1 increases the stability of Snail and Slug via integrin β3-Akt-GSK3β signaling, facilitating tumor cell invasion
Authors: Bae Gab-Yong , Cha Hyuk-Jin
Published: May 2019

TGFβ is considered as a strong inducer of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of tumor cells, promoting metastasis. Whereas acute TGFβ exposure induces growth arrest, chronic TGFβ exposure provokes invasive properties with resistance to TGFβ-induced growth arrest. However, the effect of chronic TGFβ exposure on acquired invasive characteristics of tumor cells is not fully determined.

We established a trans-differentiated (TD) A549 cell model by chronic exposure of TGFβ1, with clear EMT phenotypes including high invasiveness. Of interest, elevated invasiveness of TD cells after additional TGFβ1 treatment was achieved even in the significantly downregulated Smad2/3 dependent signaling compared to control cells. We demonstrated that Snail and Slug, the expression of which was highly correlated with poor prognosis of lung cancer patients, were clearly increased in TD cells upon TGFβ1 stimulation due to high protein stability. The increased stability of Snail and Slug in TD cells was attributed to elevated inhibitory phosphorylation of GSK3β, which was caused by higher Akt activity. We demonstrated that dramatically increased integrin β3 by prolong TGFβ1 exposure was responsible for high activity of Akt and subsequent high protein stability of Snail and Slug. Thereby, our data suggest that targeting of integrin β3-mediated signaling would be a potential therapeutic strategy to inhibit invasive properties of TGFβ-stimulated lung cancer.

Citation Format: Gab-Yong Bae, Hyuk-Jin Cha. Sustained exposure to TGFβ1 increases the stability of Snail and Slug via integrin β3-Akt-GSK3β signaling, facilitating tumor cell invasion. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Metastasis; 2015 Nov 30-Dec 3; Austin, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(7 Suppl):Abstract nr B54.
Abstract B65: Promotion of colorectal cancer invasion and metastasis through activation of Notch–Dab1–Abl–RhoGEF protein trio
Authors: Sonoshita Masahiro , Itatani Yoshiro , Kakizaki Fumihiko , Sakai Yoshiharu , Taketo. M. Mark
Published: May 2019

We have recently identified a metastasis suppressor gene for colorectal cancer:

AES/Aes that encodes an endogenous inhibitor of Notch signaling (1). When Aes is knocked out in the adenomatous epithelium of intestinal polyposis mice, their tumors become malignant, showing marked submucosal invasion and intravasation. Here, we show that one of the genes induced by NOTCH signaling in colorectal cancer is DAB1/Dab1. Genetic depletion of DAB1 suppresses cancer invasion and metastasis in the NOTCH signaling-activated mice. DAB1 is phosphorylated by ABL tyrosine kinase, which activates ABL reciprocally. Consistently, inhibition of ABL suppresses cancer invasion in mice. Furthermore, we show that one of the targets of ABL is the RAC/RHOGEF protein TRIO, and that phosphorylation at its Tyr residue 2681 (pY2681) causes RHO activation in colorectal cancer cells. Its unphosphorylatable mutation TRIO Y2681F reduces Rho-GEF activity and inhibits invasion of colorectal cancer cells. Importantly, Trio (pY2681) correlates with significantly poorer prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer after surgery (2). These results indicate that Trio(pY2681) is one of the downstream effectors of Notch signaling activation in colorectal cancer, and can be a prognostic marker, helping to determine the therapeutic modality of patients with colorectal cancer. More recent results will be discussed.

(1) Cancer Cell; 19: 125–137, 2011.

(2) Cancer Discov; 5:198–211, 2015.

Citation Format: Masahiro Sonoshita, Yoshiro Itatani, Fumihiko Kakizaki, Yoshiharu Sakai, M. Mark Taketo. Promotion of colorectal cancer invasion and metastasis through activation of Notch–Dab1–Abl–RhoGEF protein trio. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Metastasis; 2015 Nov 30-Dec 3; Austin, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(7 Suppl):Abstract nr B65.
Abstract IA04: Cancer-associated systemic inflammation facilitates breast cancer metastasis
Authors: Coffelt Seth B. , Kersten Kelly , Wellenstein Max , Doornebal Chris W. , Salvagno Camilla , Vrijland Kim , Hau Cheei-Sing , Jonkers Jos , Visser Karin E. de
Published: May 2019

Over 90% of breast cancer deaths are due to complications as a consequence of metastasis formation. Despite its devastating effects, metastatic disease is still poorly understood. Accumulating evidence indicates that cells and mediators of the immune system influence metastasis formation. In our lab, we use preclinical mouse models for metastatic breast cancer to dissect the impact of the immune system on the different steps of the metastatic cascade. Neutrophils make up a significant proportion of the inflammatory infiltrate in many tumors and their systemic accumulation in cancer patients has been associated with metastasis formation. Also in our recently developed spontaneous breast cancer metastasis mouse model that accurately mimics each step of the metastatic cascade in humans, metastasis formation is accompanied by pronounced systemic accumulation of neutrophils. Antibody-mediated depletion of neutrophils did not affect primary breast cancer outgrowth, but profoundly decreased spontaneous metastasis formation in lungs and lymph nodes. Using biological and genetic approaches, we have uncovered a novel mammary tumor-induced systemic communication network between gamma delta T cells and neutrophils that is critical for breast cancer metastasis. Our data indicate that targeting this novel cancer cell-initiated systemic inflammatory cascade represents a viable strategy to inhibit metastatic disease.

Citation Format: Seth B. Coffelt, Kelly Kersten, Max Wellenstein, Chris W. Doornebal, Camilla Salvagno, Kim Vrijland, Cheei-Sing Hau, Jos Jonkers, Karin E. de Visser. Cancer-associated systemic inflammation facilitates breast cancer metastasis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Metastasis; 2015 Nov 30-Dec 3; Austin, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(7 Suppl):Abstract nr IA04.
Abstract IA15: Lymphangiogenesis and metastasis of postpartum breast cancer
Authors: Schedin Pepper J. , Borges Virginia F.
Published: May 2019

Young women diagnosed with breast cancer have a 2-3 fold increased risk of metastatic disease if they are diagnosed within ten years of a completed pregnancy. We find a postpartum diagnosis to be a poor prognostic indicator independent of tumor stage and biologic subtype, leading to the investigation of whether postpartum breast involution is a mediator of metastasis. We show that human postpartum breast cancers have increased peritumor lymphatic vessel density that correlates with increased frequency of lymph node metastases. In addition, we show that breast cancer cells exposed to the involuting mammary microenvironment acquire pro-lymphangiogenic properties that contribute to peritumor lymphatic expansion, invasion, and distant metastases. This pro-lymphatic phenotype appears to be due to tumor cells hijacking developmentally-regulated programs normally restricted to the actively involuting mammary gland. Specifically, we find upregulation of lymphangiogenesis with weaning in the normal mammary glands of rodents and humans. Further, in rodent models of postpartum breast cancer, COX-2 inhibition limited to the involution window decreases normal mammary gland lymphangiogenesis, mammary tumor associated lymphangiogenesis, tumor cell invasion into lymphatics, and metastasis. Finally, we find that COX-2 inhibition also targets fibroblast activation and collagen production during mammary gland involution, raising the possibility that COX-2 orchestrates a whole tissue response that is supportive of tumor cell escape in the involuting gland. In summary, we show that physiologic COX-2 dependent fibroblast activation, collagen deposition, and lymphangiogenesis are coordinated in the postpartum mammary gland and suggest that tumors evolving in this unique microenvironment acquire enhanced pro-lymphangiogenic and pro-metastatic activities. These data provide further impetus for considering the use of COX-2 inhibitors in the treatment of postpartum breast cancer, and suggest novel prevention strategies targeted to recently pregnant women as well.

Citation Format: Pepper J. Schedin, Virginia F. Borges. Lymphangiogenesis and metastasis of postpartum breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Metastasis; 2015 Nov 30-Dec 3; Austin, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(7 Suppl):Abstract nr IA15.
Abstract IA23: Hematogenous metastasis of ovarian cancer: Rethinking mode of spread
Authors: Sood Anil K.
Published: May 2019

Most patients with ovarian cancer present with widely metastatic disease. Although epithelial ovarian cancer was widely believed to metastasize via direct surface spread, the distribution of metastasis from the primary tumor is not completely random. Ovarian cancer has a clear predilection for metastasis to the omentum, but the underlying mechanisms involved in ovarian cancer spread are not well understood. We have used parabiosis model systems that demonstrate preferential hematogenous metastasis of ovarian cancer to the omentum. Our studies revealed that the ErbB3-neuregulin 1 (NRG1) axis is a dominant pathway responsible for hematogenous omental metastasis. Elevated levels of ErbB3 in ovarian cancer cells and NRG1 in the omentum allowed for tumor cell localization and growth in the omentum. Depletion of ErbB3 in ovarian cancer impaired omental metastasis. Our results highlight hematogenous metastasis as an important mode of ovarian cancer metastasis. These findings have implications for designing alternative strategies aimed at preventing and treating ovarian cancer metastasis.

Citation Format: Anil K. Sood. Hematogenous metastasis of ovarian cancer: Rethinking mode of spread. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Metastasis; 2015 Nov 30-Dec 3; Austin, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(7 Suppl):Abstract nr IA23.
Abstract IA27: The patient biosphere: Tumors live in people
Authors: Pienta Kenneth James , Amend Sarah R.
Published: May 2019

Ecosystems are interactive systems involving communities of species and their abiotic environment. Tumors are ecosystems in which cancer cells act as invasive species interacting with native host cell species. As they grow, tumors fundamentally alter their microenvironment, disrupting the homeostasis of the host organ and eventually the patient as a whole. Lethality is the ultimate result of deregulated cell signaling and regulatory mechanisms as well as inappropriate host cell recruitment and activity that lead to the death of the patient. These processes have striking parallels to the framework of ecological biology: multiple interacting ecosystems (organ systems) within a larger biosphere (body), alterations in species stoichiometry (host cell types), resource cycling (cellular metabolism and cell-cell signaling), and ecosystem collapse (organ failure and death). In particular, as cancer cells generate their own ecosystem, displacing and co-opting normal cell function, resulting in systemic host (patient) effects that result in cytokine-mediated lethal syndromes that cause of majority of cancer patient deaths.

Citation Format: Kenneth James Pienta, Sarah R. Amend. The patient biosphere: Tumors live in people. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Metastasis; 2015 Nov 30-Dec 3; Austin, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(7 Suppl):Abstract nr IA27.
Abstract PR06: Metastatic latency and immune evasion mediated by autocrine WNT inhibition
Authors: Malladi Srinivas , Macalinao Danilo G. , Jin Xin , He Lan , Massague Joan
Published: May 2019

Metastasis frequently develops years after the removal of a primary tumor, from a minority of disseminated cancer cells that survived as latent entities through unknown mechanisms. We isolated latency competent cancer (LCC) cells from early-stage human lung and breast carcinomas and defined the mechanisms that prevent the outgrowth, support the long-term survival, and maintain the tumor-initiating potential of these cells during the latent metastasis stage. LCC cells show stem cell-like characteristics and express Sox transcription factors, which are essential for their survival in host organs under restrictive conditions and for metastatic outgrowth under permissive conditions. Through WNT inhibition, LCC cells self-impose a slow cycling state and evade immune clearance. By expressing a Sox-dependent stem-like state and actively silencing WNT signaling, LCC cells can enter quiescence and evade innate immunity to remain latent for extended periods.

Citation Format: Srinivas Malladi, Danilo G. Macalinao, Xin Jin, Lan He, Joan Massague. Metastatic latency and immune evasion mediated by autocrine WNT inhibition. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Metastasis; 2015 Nov 30-Dec 3; Austin, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(7 Suppl):Abstract nr PR06.
Abstract PR15: Haptotaxis and direct remodeling of the extracellular matrix by tumor cells is important for metastasis
Authors: Oudin Madeleine J. , Jonas Oliver , Kosciuk Tatiana , Broye Liliane , Wyckoff Jeff , Klazen Joelle , Lamar John , Asokan Sreeja , Whittaker Charlie , Langer Robert , Cima Michael , Wisinski Kari , Hynes Richard , Lauffenburger Douglas , Keely Patricia , Bear James , Gertler Frank
Published: May 2019

The tissue microenvironment, composed of stromal cells and extracellular matrix (ECM), is known to contribute to tumor progression, by providing both the structure and signals that promote tumor cell proliferation, survival and invasion. Fibronectin and collagen are major components of the tumor microenvironment, however, how tumor cells gain the ability to respond to these substrate-bound cues and how ECM sensing contributes to promoting metastasis remain poorly understood. Here, using a combination of in vitro and in vivo imaging, we show that gradients of FN can promote directional cell motility of breast cancer cells, a process dependent upon the actin regulatory Mena. Expression of the pro-metastatic isoform MenaINV allows cells to haptotax towards very high concentrations of FN, found near blood vessels and tumor periphery. Haptotaxis requires the direct interaction between α5β1 integrin and Mena/ MenaINV and is driven by outside-in signaling at focal complexes, crosstalk between α5β1 and EGFR, and inside-out tumor cell dependent ECM remodeling. These findings are clinically relevant as patients with high levels of MenaINV protein and FN have increased recurrence and decreased survival in two breast cancer cohorts. Our results identify a novel tumor cell-intrinsic mechanism that promotes ECM remodeling and directed migration, ultimately affecting metastasis.

Citation Format: Madeleine J. Oudin, Oliver Jonas, Tatiana Kosciuk, Liliane Broye, Jeff Wyckoff, Joelle Klazen, John Lamar, Sreeja Asokan, Charlie Whittaker, Robert Langer, Michael Cima, Kari Wisinski, Richard Hynes, Douglas Lauffenburger, Patricia Keely, James Bear, Frank Gertler. Haptotaxis and direct remodeling of the extracellular matrix by tumor cells is important for metastasis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Metastasis; 2015 Nov 30-Dec 3; Austin, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(7 Suppl):Abstract nr PR15.
Treatment options for locked posterior shoulder dislocations and clinical outcomes
Authors: Aydin Nuri , Enes Kayaalp Mahmut , Asansu Mustafa , Karaismailoglu Bedri
Published: May 2019

Posterior dislocations are rare and diagnostically difficult injuries. Diagnosis is often delayed and this leads to a locked posteriorly dislocated humeral head. Treatment options include conservative methods and surgical anatomic reconstruction options as well as non-anatomic surgical procedures such as subscapularis tendon transfer, hemiarthroplasty and total shoulder arthroplasty. Decision-making for treatment as well as prognosis depend on the extent of the articular defect size of the humeral head, duration of the dislocation and patient-specific conditions such as age and activity levels.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2019;4:194-200. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.4.180043
Apresentação do Dossiê "Educação, Cultura e Sujetividade" (Presentation of the Dossier "Education, Culture and Subjectivity")
Authors: Dinis Nilson Fernandes , Pimenta Alan Victor
Published: May 2019

Apresentação do Dossiê "Educação, Cultura e Sujetividade" (Presentation of the Dossier "Education, Culture and Subjectivity").Keywords: Education, Culture, Subjectivity.Palavras-chave: Educação, Cultura, Subjetividade.
Traditional knowledge and ways of consumption of wild edible plants by rural communities of Shimla District, Himachal Pradesh (India)
Authors: Jhamta Rinku , Puri Richa , Sharma Manohar Lal , Khan Sana , Kaur Harsimran
Published: May 2019

Wild edible plants are used as a source of food by local people where they still rely on natural resources to meet their daily needs. The study was conducted in the rural communities of the Shimla district to document wild edible plants and their edible uses known to local people. The study documented 103 wild edible plant species belonging to 75 genera and 46 families. Rosaceae is the most dominant family with 18 species occupying 17 % of the total use reports. Of the reported plants 43% were used as fruits, 42% as vegetables and remaining have used as juice, gums, spices and condiments. As many as 74 ways of consumption methods shows a Fidelity level (FL) of more than 80%. The use category of vegetables shows highest degree of consensus factor followed by fruit category. Horticultural land expansion is the major threat to the natural habitat of wild edible plants followed by overgrazing. Field visits to various villages in 16 regions of the study area were carried out in different phases from May 2015- September 2018. A total of 102 informants were involved in field investigation and a semi-structured questionnaires and participatory rural appraisal method were used to analyze and study the traditional wild edible plants.
Shortcomings in the evaluation of biomarkers in ovarian cancer: a systematic review
Authors: Olsen Maria , Ghannad Mona , Lok Christianne , Bossuyt Patrick M.
Published: May 2019

Background

Shortcomings in study design have been hinted at as one of the possible causes of failures in the translation of discovered biomarkers into the care of ovarian cancer patients, but systematic assessments of biomarker studies are scarce. We aimed to document study design features of recently reported evaluations of biomarkers in ovarian cancer.

Methods

We performed a systematic search in PubMed (MEDLINE) for reports of studies evaluating the clinical performance of putative biomarkers in ovarian cancer. We extracted data on study designs and characteristics.

Results

Our search resulted in 1026 studies; 329 (32%) were found eligible after screening, of which we evaluated the first 200. Of these, 93 (47%) were single center studies. Few studies reported eligibility criteria (17%), sampling methods (10%) or a sample size justification or power calculation (3%). Studies often used disjoint groups of patients, sometimes with extreme phenotypic contrasts; 46 studies included healthy controls (23%), but only five (3%) had exclusively included advanced stage cases.

Conclusions

Our findings confirm the presence of suboptimal features in clinical evaluations of ovarian cancer biomarkers. This may lead to premature claims about the clinical value of these markers or, alternatively, the risk of discarding potential biomarkers that are urgently needed.
Self-perceived mate value influences intrasexual competitiveness attitudes in young people of both sexes
Authors: Polo Pablo Polo , Munoz-Reyes Jose Antonio , Tapia Ana Maria Fernandez , Wilson Juan Enrique , Turiégano Enrique
Published: May 2019

Individuals vary in their intrasexual competitiveness attitude, i.e., an important variable reflecting the potential threat or the extent to which one perceives other individuals of the same sex as social or mating rivals. In this study, we investigated the relationship between self-perceived mate value, a construct usually linked to intersexual selection, and intrasexual competitiveness attitude. We postulated that those psychological traits that increase mate value are related to psychological traits underlying intrasexual competitiveness attitude. The results obtained from a sample of 711 young participants of both sexes (M = 16.93 years ± SD = 0.86) indicated that mate value was positively related to intrasexual competitiveness attitude. Specifically, the subscales of Fear of Failure, Wealth, and Looks were positive predictors of intrasexual competitiveness attitude. Moreover, the Looks subscale was more relevant in determining intrasexual competitiveness attitude in women than in men. These three subscales were part of the same factorial structure that appears to be indicative of a self-promoting strategy based on the ostentation of traits through attitudes. As a conclusion, we argue that the individual differences in intrasexual competitiveness attitudes are associated with the differences in psychological features usually associated with intersexual selection.
Virtual reality in the rehabilitation of patients with stroke: an integrative review
Authors: Aramaki Alberto Luiz , Sampaio Rosana Ferreira , Reis Ana Caroline Silva , Cavalcanti Alessandra , Dutra Fabiana Caetano Martins Silva e
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the intervention protocols to using commercial video games as virtual reality (VR) in rehabilitation of patients with stroke. Methods: Integrative review using the descriptors “rehabilitation”, “virtual reality exposure therapy” and “videogames” in the LILACS and PUBMED databases. Articles published from 2011 to 2018 were selected. Results: We found 1,396 articles, 1,383 were excluded and 13 were selected. Most of the articles were randomized clinical trials published in 2014 or later. The sample size varied from 5–47 adults, or adults and elders, with chronic stroke. The Nintendo Wii® was the most used video game system. The intervention happened two or three times a week, each session lasting from 30 to 60 minutes, over 2–12 weeks. Balance, upper limb motor functions, quality of life and daily living activities were the most common evaluated outcomes. The Fugl-Meyer Assessment, Berg Balance Scale, Timed Up and Go test, Barthel Scale and SF-36 were the most common outcome measurement tools. Conclusions: The studies indicated improvement in dynamic balance, upper limb motor function and quality of life after rehabilitation using VR. The VR was more effective than conventional treatments for the outcome of dynamic balance. Two studies did not find any changes in static balance and daily living activities. Physical aspects and quality of life were the outcomes most evaluated by the researchers; as were the population with chronic strokes and protocols of long duration and low intensity. Few studies targeted immediate VR effects, performance in daily living activities and social participation.
HLA-alleles class I and II associated with genetic susceptibility to neuromyelitis optica in Brazilian patients
Authors: Kay Cláudia Suemi Kamoi , Scola Rosana Herminia , Arndt Raquel Cristina , Lorenzoni Paulo José , Werneck Lineu Cesar
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To study the genetic susceptibility to neuromyelitis optica (NMO) as well as the relationship between HLA genotypes and susceptibility to the disease in the southern Brazilian population. Methods: We analyzed patients with NMO, who met criteria for Wingerchuk's diagnosis of NMO, with detected serum anti-AQP4-IgG antibody. The HLA genotyping was performed by high-resolution techniques (Sanger sequencing) in patients and controls. The HLA genotypes were statistically compared with a paired control population. Results: The HLA genotyping revealed the diversity of the southern Brazilian population whose HLA profile resembled European and Asian populations. Some alleles had statistical correlations with a positive association (increased susceptibility) with NMO, particularly the HLA-DRB1*04:05 and *16:02. Conclusions: In our study, the HLA genotype was different to that previously reported for other Brazilian populations. Although our study had a small cohort, HLA genotypes were associated with increased susceptibility to NMO for HLA-DRB1*04:05 and *16:02. The alleles of HLA class I HLA-A*02:08 and *30:09, HLA-B*08:04 and *35:04 showed an association before the Bonferroni correction.
How far can you go? Association between illicit drug use and academic migration
Authors: Demenech Lauro Miranda , Dumith Samuel C. , Ferreira Luiza Santos , Corrêa Mariana Lima , Soares Pedro San Martin , Silva Priscila Arruda da , Neiva-Silva Lucas
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To measure the prevalence of illicit drugs use in the lifetime, last year and last month, as well as the factors associated to the last year's use and its association with academic migration, among undergraduate students of a university in southern Brazil. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data were collected through self-administered questionnaire. It was conducted a clustered systematic sampling. For multivariate analyses, it was used Poisson regression. Results: 1,423 students participated. The prevalence of illicit drug use in the lifetime, last year and last month were 42.4%, 25.5% and 17.7%, respectively. Regarding illicit substances, marijuana use was the most prevalent. The variables independently associated with illicit drugs use in the last year were academic migration, being male, younger, single, high parent's educational level, living with peers, tobacco use in the last year, and having friend and relative that have used illicit drugs. Religious practice had a protective effect. Conclusion: Individuals who migrated from their cities to study at the university are more exposed to the main risk factors pointed out by this research and hence to the use of illicit drugs. Based on these results, we suggest that universities develop evaluation, prevention, treatment or referral strategies considering specific needs of this population
Apreciação corporal e aspectos associados entre adolescentes e mulheres jovens
Authors: Amaral Ana Carolina Soares , Medeiros Aline de Souza Furtado , Araújo Alcimara Campos de Morais Rodrigues , Ana Alessandra Aparecida da Silva , Hudson Tassiana Aparecida , Ferreira Maria Elisa Caputo
Published: May 2019

RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar os fatores que influenciam a apreciação corporal entre adolescentes e mulheres jovens. Métodos: As participantes (n = 242) responderam a questionários que avaliaram apreciação corporal, insatisfação corporal, influência sociocultural, atitudes alimentares e autoestima. Resultados: A análise de correlação revelou que todas as variáveis se associaram à apreciação corporal. O modelo de regressão linear múltipla apontou a satisfação corporal como principal preditor de maior apreciação corporal, seguido da autoestima, das atitudes alimentares e de menor influência da mídia. Conclusões: Esses resultados contribuem para o entendimento da imagem corporal positiva entre adolescentes e jovens brasileiras, apontando importantes questões e desafios para pesquisas futuras.
Escala de Depressão, Ansiedade e Estresse: propriedades psicométricas e prevalência das afetividades
Authors: Martins Bianca Gonzalez , Silva Wanderson Roberto da , Maroco João , Campos Juliana Alvares Duarte Bonini
Published: May 2019

RESUMO Objetivo: Estimar as características psicométricas da Escala de Depressão, Ansiedade e Estresse (DASS-21) para universitários e comparar as prevalências de depressão, ansiedade e estresse segundo o sexo. Métodos: Avaliou-se o ajustamento da DASS-21 aos dados por análise confirmatória utilizando os índices razão de qui-quadrado pelos graus de liberdade (χ2/gl), Comparative Fit Index (CFI), Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) e Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA). As prevalências de depressão, ansiedade e estresse foram calculadas e comparadas segundo o sexo. Resultados: Participaram 1.042 estudantes [idades entre 18 e 35 anos, com média de 21,13 anos (desvio-padrão = 2,81), 65,7% mulheres]. O ajustamento da DASS-21 à amostra foi adequado (χ2/gl = 5,83; CFI = 0,96; TLI = 0,97; RMSEA = 0,07), contudo o item 2 apresentou baixo peso fatorial, sendo, portanto, excluído (χ2/gl = 6,05; CFI = 0,98; TLI = 0,97; RMSEA = 0,07). Em relação ao grau de acometimento dos estudantes pela depressão, ansiedade e estresse, verificou-se que 4,7%, 1,7% e 4,5% dos estudantes apresentaram, respectivamente, escores moderados a extremamente severos. Não houve diferença significativa entre as prevalências dos estados emocionais avaliados segundo o sexo. Conclusão: A DASS-21 apresentou adequada validade e confiabilidade para amostra. A prevalência de depressão, ansiedade e estresse foi semelhante entre homens e mulheres, apontando para a necessidade de um olhar igualitário na investigação desses estados emocionais.
Impacto dos sintomas de ansiedade na qualidade de vida na doença de Parkinson: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Faria Stephanie Martins de , Maximiano-Barreto Madson Alan , Morais Daiene de , Chagas Marcos Hortes Nisihara
Published: May 2019

RESUMO Objetivo: Revisar estudos relacionados ao impacto da ansiedade na qualidade de vida em pacientes com doença de Parkinson. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática realizada nos bancos de dados PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science e PsycINFO, com os descritores: “anxiety”, “Parkinson's disease” e “quality of life”. Foram selecionados 20 artigos publicados em inglês e sem limite de tempo. Resultado: A maioria dos estudos demonstrou correlação direta entre ansiedade e qualidade de vida em indivíduos com doença de Parkinson. Apenas dois estudos não encontraram essa associação. A presença de sintomas de ansiedade parece estar relacionada com a gravidade dos sintomas motores, sexo feminino e idade mais jovem, levando a um impacto maior na qualidade de vida. Conclusão: Os artigos analisados mostraram que a ansiedade tem impacto negativo sobre a qualidade de vida de indivíduos com doença de Parkinson.
NOVALIS: FILOSOFIA E POÉTICA DA MEDICINA
Authors: Lemos Fabiano
Published: May 2019

RESUMO O artigo analisa a importância das reflexões sobre medicina, a dinâmica do corpo, da doença e da saúde, tais como desenvolvidas pelo médico John Brown no século XVIII, sobre a filosofia da natureza de Novalis, contextualizando a recepção dessas reflexões do âmbito romântico-idealista da Alemanha do começo do século XIX.
DIALÉCTICA NEGATIVA EN MERLEAU-PONTY*
Authors: Verano Leonardo
Published: May 2019

RESUMEN Nos proponemos mostrar que la filosofía de Merleau-Ponty encarna la experiencia fundamental de la dialéctica: llevar a concepto el sentido de las cosas, del mundo, de los otros, a través de unaexperiencia (Er-fahrung) de expresión que no convierte el sentido de estos en un simple resultado de su reflexión. Para él esta dialéctica se resuelve como dialéctica negativa, en el sentido de ser una filosofía que piensa lo negativo en sentido radical, esto es, como una negación que es parte constitutiva de lo positivo, integrada a éste de manera esencial. Veremos, en particular, que esta idea de la dialéctica atraviesa su concepción de un nuevo pensar como 'pensar sensible' o de 'quiasmo'. El texto está conformado por los siguientes apartados: 1. La dialéctica negativa, 2. La dialéctica como reencuentro con el pasado y 3. El sentido de la crítica.
DESEJO, SENTIMENTO E RELAÇÃO COM O OUTRO NA FILOSOFIA DA VIDA DE RENAUD BARBARAS
Authors: Furlan Reinaldo
Published: May 2019

RESUMO Nossa intenção é apresentar a filosofia da vida de Renaud Barbaras, reunida em Le désir et le monde, e o lugar que ela nos parece ocupar na fenomenologia. Barbaras divide sua filosofia da vida em três níveis: fenomenológico, cosmológico e metafísico. Sem deixar de contemplar seu projeto total, nosso enfoque será mais fenomenológico, destacando, e discutindo, suas noções de desejo, sentimento e relação com o outro.
Estimation of optimum experimental plot size for taro culture
Authors: Silva Willerson Custódio da , Puiatti Mário , Cecon Paulo Roberto , Macedo Leandro Roberto de , Sediyama Tocio
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT: Taro is a tropical tuberous vegetable that produces cormels of high nutritional and energetic value. In recent years, its cultivation has expanded, creating the need for more research. However, the experimental plot size interferes directly with the precision of the experiment.Literature describes several methods for establishing the optimum experimental plot size. The objective of the current research was to estimate the optimal experimental plot size for taro culture, utilizing the Modified Maximum Curvature Method. The field experiment was conducted in the vegetable garden of the Departamentode Fitotecnia of Universidade Federal de Viçosa, from September 2011 to June 2012, with Japanese taro. Twenty-two rows with 20 plants each were planted, at 1.0×0.3 m spacing, considering the 20 central rows with 18 plants each as useful area, totaling 360 plants. Each plant corresponded to a basic unit (BU). Once the possible clusters were made, 23 different plot sizes were formed. At harvest, the fresh mass characteristics of large, medium, and marketable cormels were evaluated. The optimum plot sizes were: 8.77 BU for marketable cormels; 14.75 BU for large cormels, and 13.37 BU for medium cormels. Among the plot sizes estimated in this study, the aim was to improve precision of experiments performed with taro, plots formed by 15 BU that corresponded to a 4.5 m2 area are recommended.
DIFFERENTIATED EDUCATION AND COMMUNITY-BASED TOURISM IN THE CAIÇARA TERRITORIES OF PARATY (RJ)
Authors: BARROS ANDRÉ LOUREIRO RIBEIRO DE , RODRIGUES CAMILA GONÇALVES DE OLIVEIRA
Published: May 2019

Abstract The schools of caiçaras communities in “Praia do sono” and “Pouso da Cajaíba”, located in Paraty (RJ), initiated in 2016 to offer middle school education with the purpose of an education adapted to their realities. This initiative happens in a period when the communities are seeking new ways to develop tourism. The present article aims to discuss the construction process of the differentiated school education and its contribution to the development of tourism. In addition to the research of bibliographic references and secondary data, there was participation in events related to the theme and the implementation completion/execution of semi-structured interviews with representatives that have been discussing the curricular proposal and its impacts in the territory. The research shows that the process that is being proposed by means of the differentiated education can contribute to the organization of the community-based tourism, focused in questions such as autonomy and belonging.
A new species of Poptella (Characiformes: Characidae: Stethaprioninae) from the Rio Juma, Rio Madeira basin, Brazil
Authors: Garcia-Ayala James R. , Benine Ricardo C.
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT A new species of Poptella is described from the Rio Juma, a tributary of the lower Rio Aripuanã, Rio Madeira basin, Amazonas, Brazil. The new species is distinguished from all congeners, except P. brevispina, by having a lower number of scale rows between the lateral line and dorsal-fin origin (7 vs. 8-10). The new species can be readily distinguished from P. brevispina by the lower number of branched dorsal-fin rays (9 vs. 10). This is the first description of a new species of Poptella since the revisionary study of the Stethaprioninae, published 30 years ago.
Precocity, yield and water-use efficiency of banana plants under planting densities and irrigation depths, in semiarid region
Authors: Santos Marcelo Rocha dos , Donato Sérgio Luiz Rodrigues , Magalhães Diogo Barreto , Cotrim Manoel Pereira
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT Banana is a crop of major importance for the Brazilian semiarid region. However, because of the low availability and irregularities of the rainfall in this area, it is necessary to combine techniques that allow a higher water-use efficiency. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of different combinations of irrigation depths and planting densities on the precocity, yield and water-use efficiency of BRS Platina banana plants, in the semiarid region of the Bahia state, Brazil. A randomized block design with four replicates was used, in a split-plot arrangement. Irrigation depths of 55 %, 70 %, 85 % and 100 % of the crop evapotranspiration (ETc) were assigned to the plot, and the planting densities of 1,600 plants ha-1, 2,000 plants ha-1, 2,666 plants ha-1 and 3,333 plants ha-1 to the split-plot. The hands weight and number of fruits decreased in a linear way with the increase in the planting density (1,600 plants ha-1 to 3,333 plants ha-1) from 10.89 kg to 9.49 kg and from 97.16 to 89.86, respectively; whereas the hands yield (15.5 t ha-1 to 25.79 t ha-1) and the harvest period (442 to 455 days) increased. The number of fruits increased linearly from 89.46 to 98.08 with the irrigation depth of 55 % to 100 % of the ETc. The yield and water-use efficiency increased linearly as the planting density increased (1,600 plants ha-1 to 3,333 plants ha-1) from 5.14 to 8.60, while the water-use efficiency decreased with the irrigation depth from 7.97 to 5.50, conidering 55 % to 100 % of the ETc. It is possible to obtain higher yields and a higher water-use efficiency by using a higher planting density and irrigation levels below 100 % of the ETc.
In vitro establishment of Bambusa oldhamii Munro from field-grown matrices and molecular identification of endophytic bactéria
Authors: Pasqualini Ana Paula de Azevedo , Schneider Gabriela Xavier , Fraga Hugo Pacheco de Freitas , Biasi Luiz Antonio , Quoirin Marguerite
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT In plant micropropagation, the establishment stage is difficult, due to the presence of microorganisms in tissues from field-grown matrices, especially for bamboo. This study aimed to establish an efficient asepsis protocol for Bambusa oldhamii explants from field plants, as well as to carry out the molecular identification of a possible endophytic bacterial isolate. The explants were exposed to 70 % alcohol, 1 % sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 0.1 % mercuric chloride (HgCl2), thiophanate-methyl (Cercobin®) and chlorhexidine digluconate (2 % Riohex®) in different combinations, and introduced into Murashige and Skoog culture medium (solid or liquid), supplemented or not with 4 mL L-1 of Plant Preservative Mixture (PPMTM), totaling seven treatments. The asepsis and immersion of the explants in the liquid culture medium containing 4 mL L-1 of PPMTM visually inhibited the bacterial and fungal growth, allowed the development of shoots with a mean length of 2.2 cm and posterior subcultures, being the best treatment used for the in vitro establishment of B. oldhamii. The molecular identification of an endophytic bacterium performed by 16S rDNA sequencing allowed to identify the bacterial isolate as Ralstonia sp., with 100 % of similarity, and the phylogenetic analysis grouped it with Ralstonia pickettii. In addition, the bacterial isolate showed to be sensitive to 4 mL L-1 of PPMTM by the minimum inhibitory concentration test.