bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of Care Bundles Including the Braden Scale for Preventing Hospital Acquired Pressure Ulcers in Older Adults Hospitalized in ICUs: A Systematic Review
Authors: Floyd Natalie A. , Dominguez-Cancino Karen A. , Butler Linda G. , Rivera-Lozada Oriana , Leyva-Moral Juan M. , Palmieri Patrick A.
Published: April 2021

Background:

Despite technological and scientific advances, Hospital Acquired Pressure Ulcers (HAPUs) remain a common, expensive, but preventable adverse event. The global prevalence ranges from 9% to 53% while three million people develop HAPUs in the United States and 60,000 people die from associated complications. HAPU prevalence is reported as high as 42% in ICUs (ICU) costing on average $48,000 to clinically manage.

Objective:

The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the effectiveness of multi-component interventions (care bundles), incorporating the Braden scale for assessment, in reducing the prevalence of HAPUs in older adults hospitalized in ICUs.

Methods:

This was a systematic review of the literature using the Cochrane method. A systematic search was performed in six databases (CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, JBI Evidence-Based Practice Database, PubMed, and ProQuest) from January 2012 until December 2018. Bias was assessed with the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme Checklist, and the quality of evidence was evaluated with the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses Levels of Evidence.

Results:

The search identified 453 studies for evaluation; 9 studies were reviewed. From the analysis, pressure ulcer prevention programs incorporated three strategies: 1) Evidence-based care bundles with risk assessments upon admission to the ICU; 2) Unit-based skincare expertise; and 3) Staff education with auditing feedback. Common clinical management processes included in the care bundles were frequent risk reassessments, daily skin inspections, moisture removal treatments, nutritional and hydration support, offloading pressure techniques, and protective surface protocols. The Braden scale was an effective risk assessment for the ICU. Through early risk identification and preventative strategies, HAPU programs resulted in prevalence reduction, less severe ulcers, and reduced care costs.

Conclusion:

Older adults hospitalized in the ICU are most vulnerable to developing HAPUs. Early and accurate identification of risk factors for pressure is essential for prevention. Care bundles with three to five evidence-based interventions, and risk assessment with the Braden scale, were effective in preventing HAPUs in older adults hospitalized in intensive care settings. Higher quality evidence is essential to better understanding the impact of HAPU prevention programs using care bundles with risk assessments on patient outcomes and financial results.
Introduction, Past and Present Scenario of Solar Cell Materials
Authors: Rizwan M.
Published: April 2021

Solar cells convert sunlight into electricity directly. It is a reliable, non-toxic and pollution free source of electricity. Since 19th century researchers have been trying to investigate different materials for solar cell devices. Commercially, Si based solar are predominate in this field, however, with passage of time different materials have been reported. Solar cell techniques are based on three different generations. 1st generation is based on Si and 2nd generation includes thin-films of CuInGaSe, GaAs, CdTe and GaInP etc. whereas 3rd generation is based on organic, hybrid perovskites, quantum dot (QD)-sensitizers & dye-sensitizers solar cells. Among all these, the 3rd generation solar cells are the most efficient and more cost effective than 1nd and 2nd generation solar cells. The 2nd generation is less costly but also less efficient compared to 1st generation. 3rd generation faces degradation of the photovoltaic materials which is a major problem. In this chapter different reported materials since 19th century for solar cells are mentioned. The past and present scenarios of solar cells are discussed comprehensively. It is observed that Si-based and multijunction solar cells dominate the market. Although, theoretically it is reported that hybrid perovskites and quantum dot materials for solar cell are the most efficient materials for photovoltaic PV devices. In spite of the high efficiency the stability of organic, hybrid perovskites, QD-sensitizers &dye-sensitizer materials is a big challenge.
Versatile Applications of Solar Cells
Authors: Akubude V.C.
Published: April 2021

Solar cells have changed the way electricity is generated; it helps the world to reduce carbon emission, and consequently makes our electric grid system more resilient and reliable. Hence, this chapter presents the concept of solar cells and the basic principle of operation. The chapter also discusses materials in construction of solar cells including conventional semiconductors such as silicon and emerging/organic materials such as perovskite and quantum dots. Various applications of solar cells which include space research, telecommunications, grid connections, stand-alone connections and off-grid applications are also highlighted. Given the versatile application of solar cells, it is the future of electricity generation.
Solar Energy and its Multiple Applications
Authors: Wood D.A.
Published: April 2021

Solar energy is commercially exploited to provide benefits in the form of various products and capabilities applying a range of technologies. Electricity generation is achieved either directly from photovoltaic cells made of various materials or indirectly through the steam production from concentrating solar thermal systems. Whereas solar thermal power generation requires large scale plants, photovoltaic systems can be large or small in scale and building integrated, if required. Both types of generation can be standalone or connected to power grids. Solar energy is also extensively used for water and space heating, cooling and drying purposes. It can also be stored and/or transformed into a range of clean fuels and contributes energy to the manufacture of various energy-intensive products. The research into the artificial photosynthetic synthesis of biofuels although encouraging is, however, yet to be achieved commercially exploited on a large scale. Much scope remains for innovative technology breakthroughs to further improve the efficiency and uptake of all the solar energy technologies currently exploited or under investigation. Policy frameworks, renewable portfolio standards, feed-in tariffs and net-metering play an important and ongoing role in promoting the uptake of photovoltaics in particular.
Relationship among Sexual Knowledge, Sexual Attitudes, and Sexual Behavior of Junior High School Students in West Jakarta
Authors: Djohan Putra Brillian , Tjhay Francisca , Hasan Surilena , Widjaja Nelly Tina
Published: April 2021

Lack of sexual knowledge and increasing negative sexual attitudes in Indonesia could lead to risky sexual behavior. This problem increases teenage pregnancy, sexually transmitted infections, and abortion among adolescents. This study aimed to determine the relationship between sexual knowledge and sexual attitudes towards sexual behavior among junior high school students in West Jakarta. This study was cross-sectional, conducted on 544 junior high school students in West Jakarta. Measuring instruments used were characteristic questionnaires, sexual knowledge questionnaires, sexual attitude questionnaires, and sexual behavior questionnaires. Data analysis was performed using bivariate (chi-square). This study shows 79.2% of the respondents had low sexual knowledge, 45.6% respondents had negative sexual behavior, and 48.2% respondents had risky sexual behavior. This study finds that most male respondents had low sexual knowledge (80.8%), low sexual attitude (56.8%), and â€œless-safeâ€ risky sexual behavior (60.0%), while â€œnot-safeâ€ risky sexual behavior (2.7%) was found higher in female respondents. Bivariate analysis shows a significant relationship between sexual knowledge (p=0.006; 95% OR=1.763 |95% CI=1.151-2.698) and sexual attitude (p=<0.001; OR=2.852 | 95% CI=2.012-4.043) towards sexual behavior. In conclusion, low sexual knowledge and negative sexual attitudes increase the risk of risky sexual behavior.
Privacy and Security
Authors:   CASIS Vancouver
Published: April 2021

On June 2nd, 2020, the Canadian Association for Security and Intelligence Studies (CASIS) Vancouver hosted its second digital roundtable event of the year titled, “Privacy and Security: Working Hand in Hand to Protect You Online.” This presentation featured Dr. Patrick Neal who has been involved in the public safety field since 1982. Dr. Neal’s presentation focused on the cohesiveness of privacy and security in the near future, privacy constructs, myths and harms of privacy, and privacy enhancing technologies. The subsequent roundtable discussion centered around Dr. Neal’s lecture in a question and answer period.

APA Citation

CASIS Vancouver. (2020). Privacy and security: working hand in hand to protect you online. The Journal of Intelligence, Conflict, and Warfare, 3(2), 61-65. https://journals.lib.sfu.ca/index.php/jicw/article/view/2407/1818.
The Use of Popular Culture and Norms by Extremists
Authors: Frantz Elaine
Published: April 2021

On November 27, 2020, Dr. Elaine Frantz presented The Use of Popular Culture and Norms by Extremists at the 2020 CASIS West Coast Security Conference. The presentation was followed by a panel discussion for questions and answers, and a breakout room for further discussion before closing off the day. The key topic of Dr. Frantz’s presentation included the development and spread of the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) through the media.
Влияние атомов замещения и внедрения на магнитные свойства соединения Sm-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-Fe-=SUB=-17-=/SUB=-
Authors: Веселова С.В. , Терёшина И.С. , Вербецкий В.Н. , Захаров К.В. , Тверской В.Б. , Васильев А.Н.
Published: April 2021

(Sm1-xRx)2Fe17 (R = Ho, Er) alloys with х = 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 were prepared by induction melting under inert gas atmosphere. The structure and magnetic hysteresis properties of both the initial compositions and hydrides based on them are investigated. It was found that (Sm1-xRx)2Fe17Нy hydrides like the parent compounds have a rhombohedral Th2Zn17-type of crystal structure (sp.gr. R m). Hydrogenation results in a significant increase in the Curie temperature and saturation magnetization at room temperature. Compositions with potentially high magnetic characteristics have been determined.
Наноструктурирование при наклонном напылении алюминия
Authors: Трушин О.С. , Попов А.А. , Пестова А.Н. , Мазалецкий Л.А. , Акулов А.А.
Published: April 2021

Formation of regular arrays of nanorods with high aspect ratio (length to transverse size) has been found in the process of Al thin film growth at oblique angle deposition on silicon substrate by the method of electron beam evaporation. It was found that the optimal conditions for nanostructuring are realized at the inclination angle larger than 80 degrees.
Aдмиттанс МДП-структур на основе nBn-систем из эпитаксиального HgCdTe, разработанных для детектирования в спектральном диапазоне 3-5 μm
Authors: Войцеховский А.В. , Несмелов С.Н. , Дзядух С.М. , Дворецкий С.А. , Михайлов Н.Н. , Сидоров Г.Ю. , Якушев М.В.
Published: April 2021

The admittance of test MIS devices based on nBn structures from Hg1-xCdxTe grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) is investigated. The composition x in the absorbing layer was 0.29, and the composition in the barrier layer was 0.60. An equivalent circuit of a MIS device based on an nBn structure is proposed and the values of the elements of this circuit are found under various conditions. Comparison of the temperature dependence of the barrier resistance with the Rule07 model indicates the possibility of creating efficient nBn detectors based on MBE HgCdTe for the spectral range of 3–5 μm.
Влияние рассеянных электронов на коэффициент шума циклотронных защитных устройств
Authors: Быковский С.В.
Published: April 2021

The influence of the scattered electrons of the beam on the noise parameters of cyclotron protective devices (CPD) of the microwave range is experimentally investigated. It is shown that the beam electrons scattered by the residual gas particles are a source of additional device noise. As an object of research we used commercially available samples of the CPD.
Ex-Vivo Study, The Effect of Standardized Eurycoma longifolia Extract on The Enzyme Activity of Rosiglitazone N-Demethylase
Authors: Purwantiningsih Purwantiningsih , Hussin Abas Hj , Chan Kit Lam
Published: April 2021

Eurycoma longifolia (E. longifolia) or also known as Earth Pasak in Indonesia, has been used widely, especially to increase stamina in men. The use of herbal medicines in the long run opens up the opportunities for the influence of herbal medicines on metabolic process of other substances. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of E. longifolia extract on rosiglitazone metabolism after oral administration for one and fourteen days, and its effect on rat body weight. The rats were divided into two groups, group for one day treatment (divided into 8 subgroups with n = 6: I (control), II to VIII (were given extract at doses of 1 to 1000 mg / kg BW) and 14 days (rats divided into 4 subgroups, n = 6 : I (control), II to IV (treated with extracts of doses 5, 25 and 50 mg / kg BW). At the end of the experiment, test animals were sacrificed and rosiglitazone N-demethylase activity in hepatocytes was determined by measuring the amount of formaldehid formed at 415 nm. The rosiglitazone N-demethylase activity in all groups was analyzed by analysis of  variance (ANOVA) and Tukey Test (P <0.05). The percentage of the changing in the body weight in the 14 days treatment group was compared to the control group. The results showed there was a significant increased in the rosiglitazone N-demethylase activity after rats were treated with E. longifolia extract at doses of 5 to 1000 mg / kg BB, but was not significantly different at a dose of 1 mg / kg BW when compared with control group. For the 14 days treatment, there was no significant difference between the treatment group and the control group, both for the rosiglitazone N-demethylase enzyme activity or the changed of rat body weight.
Analisis Perencanaan Obat di RSUD Kelas C Kabupaten Banyuwangi
Authors: Musyarofah Ida Rosita , Satibi Satibi , Andayani Tri Murti
Published: April 2021

Perencanaan merupakan tahap yang penting dalam pengadaan obat di instalasi farmasi rumah sakit. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui efisiensi  tahap perencanaan di Instalasi Farmasi RSUD Kelas C Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Rancangan penelitian termasuk penelitian deskriptif, pengumpulan data kuantitatif diambil secara retrospektif  untuk menganalisis efisiensi pengelolaan obat tahap perencanaan tahun 2018 dengan mengambil data Rencana Kebutuhan Obat tahun 2018. Pengelolaan obat tahap perencanaan diukur efisiensi dengan menggunakan indikator standar pengelolaan obat tahap perencanaan.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase kesesuaian dengan 10 penyakit terbesar 100%, persentase item dan jumlah obat yang diminta dengan yang diterima 100%, ketepatan perencanaan 70,43%±65,19%, kesesuaian item yang diminta dengan yang direncanakan 121,5 %, kesesuaian jumlah yang diminta dengan yang direncanakan 270 %±1027,29%. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini  bahwa di RSUD Kelas C Kabupaten Banyuwangi tahap  perencanaan  dikaitkan dengan indikator kesesuaian dengan 10 penyakit terbesar dan kesesuain penerimaan sudah efisien, dikaitkan dengan indikator ketepatan perencanaan dan kesesuaian item dan jumlah permintaan di RSUD Kelas C Kabupaten Banyuwangi  belum  efisien,
Pengaruh Penerapan Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional Terhadap Profil Obat Pasien Hipertensi di Puskesmas Kecamatan Pulogadung
Authors: Sukowati Yudha , Laksmitawati Dian Ratih , Anggraini Yusi , Restina Mita
Published: April 2021

Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) telah resmi dilaksanakan oleh Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) pada Bulan Januari 2014. Perubahan yang mendasar adalah masalah pembiayaan. Sebelum JKN menggunakan metode Free For Service (FFS), sesudah JKN menggunakan metode Indonesian Case Base Groups (INA-CBGs). Salah satu penyakit kronis yang membutuhkan pelayanan komprehensif dan terjadinya peningkatan jumlah pasien salah satunya adalah Hipertensi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat pengaruh penerapan  metode Indonesian Case Base Groups (INA-CBGs)  pada program JKN terhadap profil pemenuhan obat pada pasien kronis hipertensi. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain longitudinal time series dengan alur penelitian data dilakukan secara retrospektif sebelum dan sesuah JKN dengan kriteria inklusi adalah pasien ASKES hipertensi yang merupakan pasien rutin dan melakukan rawat jalan di Puskesmas Kecamatan Pulogadung selama periode Januari 2013 – Desember 2015. Berdasarkan kriteria tersebut didapatkan sampel sebanyak 82 pasien. Data diambil berasal dari rekam medis, Laporan Permakaian dan Lembar Permintaan Obat (LPLPO), kartu stok, buku permintaan dan penerimaan obat, serta resep pasien hipertensi tahun 2013, 2014 dan 2015.  Data penelitian ini dianalisis menggunakan uji asosiatif hubungan kausal (sebab akibat) untuk melihat seberapa besar pengaruh penerapan untuk metode Indonesian Case Base Groups (INA-CBGs)  pada program JKN terhadap profil pemenuhan obat pada pasien kronis hipertensi dibandingkan dengan metode Free For Service (FFS). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pada pasien hipertensi pada profil pengobatan menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan sebelum dan sesudah JKN pada jumlah obat yang diterima oleh pasien, obat generik, kesesuaian dengan Daftar Obat Esensial Nasional (DOEN) dan Formularium Nasional (FORNAS).
Structural Interpretation and Depth Estimation from Aeromagnetic Data of Abigi-Ijebu-Waterside area of Eastern Dahomey Basin, Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Olawale Olakunle Osinowo , Moruffdeen A. Adabanija , Oluwatoyin Adebayo Adewoye
Published: April 2021

Los datos de alta resolución aeronáutica (HRAM) de la costa de Abigi-Ijebu en la parte oriental de la cuenca Dahomey en el sudoeste de Nigeria se filtraron, transformaron, mejoraron, analizaron e interpretaron en términos de estructuras, geometría del basamento y espesor sedimentario, para evaluar el potencial de prospección petrolera de este sector de la cuenca Dahomey, así como proporcionar información relevante que podría apoyar la campaña de exploración de hidrocarburos del descuidado brazo oriental de la cuenca Dahomey, que recientemente ha demostrado ser prolífico con el descubrimiento de yacimientos de petróleo Aje y Ogo en la parte costera de la cuenca . Los datos de HRAM se filtraron para eliminar el ruido cultural y de fondo, continuaron hacia arriba para suprimir los efectos de fuentes poco profundas y mejorar el efecto de roca del sótano que emana de fuentes relativamente más profundas. Los datos también se redujeron al polo a baja latitud para simplificar las anomalías magnéticas y para enfocar los picos de las anomalías positivamente simétricas con respecto a las fuentes geológicas correspondientes. Se aplicaron filtros derivados para detectar y mejorar las firmas magnéticas alineadas de forma preferencial que reflejan el marco estructural del área de estudio. El análisis espectral radial y las técnicas de ponderación de profundidad de Euler se emplearon para determinar la profundidad de las fuentes magnéticas que generaron la topografía del basamento y, por lo tanto, el espesor de las rocas sedimentarias que cubren las rocas cristalinas. Los derivados y filtros derivados de inclinación mejoraron y delinearon varias estructuras regionales lineales, algunas de las cuales tienen más de 15 km de longitud y una tendencia principalmente a lo largo de la dirección NE - SW. El análisis espectral y las soluciones de ponderación de profundidad de deconvolución de Euler 3D indican que la profundidad en la parte superior de las anomalías magnéticas varía desde alrededor de 100 m por encima del dato de referencia de Minna hasta más de 2,0 km por debajo del dato. La topografía del basamento revelada por las parcelas de solución de Euler indica rocas del basamento de la corteza gradual y suavemente deprimidas que pueden ser ayudadas por fallas regionales que gradualmente descendieron o deprimieron las rocas de la corteza hacia el sur para aumentar el acomodo de los sedimentos. Por lo tanto, esto sugiere un aumento en el potencial de prospección de hidrocarburos hacia el sur del área de estudio, especialmente en el mar abierto y más profundamente en el Océano Atlántico.
The divide-and-conquer framework: a suitable setting for domain decomposition methods of the future
Authors: Herrera-Revilla Ismael , Contreras Iván , S. Herrera Graciela
Published: April 2021

Este artículo surgió a partir de experimentos numéricos, en los cuales ciertos algoritmos, que en algunos textos científicos (DVS-BDDM) produjeron aceleración (o speedups) muchas veces mayores a la cantidad de procesadores utilizados (existen casos ya abordados de más de setenta, pero probablemente a menudo son mucho mayores). Con base en estos resultados sobresalientes, en este artículo se demuestra que creer en la aceleración ideal estándar, que se considera igual a la cantidad de procesadores, ha sido una limitante en el rendimiento buscado a través de distintas investigaciones sobre métodos de descomposición de dominio (MDD) y hasta el momento ha obstaculizado mucho su desarrollo. Por lo tanto, se propone una teoría mejorada en la que el objetivo de aceleración se base en el paradigma algorítmico “Divide y vencerás”, considerado con frecuencia como el leitmotiv de los métodos de descomposición de dominio, como un escenario adecuado para el MDD del futuro.
High precision measurements of Absolute Gravity in México: the Jalisco Block changes in gravity triggered by distant earthquakes
Authors: Esparza Alfredo , Arzate Jorge , Timmen Ludger , Silliker Jason , Schilling Manuel
Published: April 2021

En este trabajo se reportan los resultados de 16 mediciones de gravedad absoluta (GA) utilizando dos gravímetros de caída libre, el FG5X-220 de la Universidad Leibniz de Hannover (LUH) y el FG5X-252 del Centro Nacional de Metrología (CENAM). Previo al establecimiento de nuevas estaciones gravimétricas de primer orden y a las campañas de adquisición en el Bloque de Jalisco (BJ), se llevó a cabo la certificación del gravímetro FG5X-252 a partir de dos comparaciones instrumentales; la primera con el FG5X-220 de LUH, el cual es un instrumento certificado de larga estabilidad y repetibilidad debajo de los 2 µGal, y la segunda a través de una comparación internacional con otros 13 instrumentos en las instalaciones de la NOAA en Table Mountain, Colorado, USA. Las campañas de medición en el BJ se realizaron durante la estación seca (Feb/Mar) los años 2016 y 2018, e incluyó las estaciones de Chamela (CHA), Guadalajara (UGG), Manzanillo (MAN), Puerto Vallarta (UGP) y Tepic (TEP), ésta última establecida como nueva referencia en el norte del bloque. Los resultados obtenidos de estas dos campañas en el BJ fueron comparados con los valores medidos en 1996 por la NOAA en esta misma región del oeste de México. Los desplazamientos verticales observados en el lapso de dos años en las estaciones CHA (+22.7 cm), UGG (+44.3 cm) y MAN (+54.6 cm) supera sustancialmente el promedio anual (2.8 cm, 4.2 cm y 3.6 cm respectivamente) con respecto a las mediciones de GA de 1996. En el mismo periodo, la estación UGP subsidió 8.5 cm mientras que TEP permaneció muy estable (-0.25 cm). En septiembre de 2017 ocurrieron dos grandes sísmos de magnitudes 8.2 y 7.1, con epicentros en la costa de Chiapas (07/sep/2017) y en el Estado de Puebla (19/sep/2017), que fueron registrados en algunas de las estaciones GPS de la red UNAVCO en los sitios MAN, UGG y CHA a pesar de que la fuente sísmica más cercana se localiza a más de 500 km de distancia. El análisis de los datos adquiridos y otros datos geofísicos disponibles apoyan la hipótesis de que el sísmo con epicentro en Puebla disparó la subducción asísmica de una porción de la placa de Rivera (PR), lo que a su vez produjo el levantamiento en dichas estaciones. Concluimos que la subducción asísmica en la zona ocurre debido a la subducción de una corteza oceánica hidratada que arrastra un importante espesor de sedimentos marinos, lo que genera una interfaz lubricada.
Determination of the class of steel by small samples
Authors: Gustov  Yuri I. , Makhov Igor O.
Published: April 2021

Introduction. The data of the results of the inspection of steel structures are given, based on the analysis of which strength classes of structural steels are established. The goal has been solved by determining the chemical composition of metal structures and full-scale tests of the mechanical characteristics of steel structures, followed by a calculated conversion of the hardness index HB to the value of temporary tensile strength σv. Materials and methods. Strength indicators of metal structures are determined by non-destructive express method by means of a portable hardness tester of the dynamic principle of action. For the calculated determination of the breaking strength σv adopted the average lengthening coefficient kδ. By its value, the indicators of elongation and contraction are established, as well as the yield strength of the metal. Based on the calculated standard indicators of plasticity (δ, ψ) and strength (σv, σt), the complex criterion C equation is compiled. Using it, calculated the uniform elongation δр and the transverse narrowing ψр, which were used to assess the tensile strength (Sv, Sk) and fatigue (σ–1, τ–1). The chemical composition of small-sized samples in the form of metal shavings was determined by x-ray fluorescence. Additionally, the chemical composition of the steel was monitored using a scanning microscope with an attachment for determi­ning the chemical composition by energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. Results. The proposed research method makes it possible to conduct full-scale tests of metal structures and reduces the complexity of the selection and delivery of samples for laboratory research. The results obtained by both methods are correlated with the source data (design documentation for the object of the survey). Conclusions. An integrated method of sampling and direct measurement of hardness on site allows one to determine the chemical composition of metal structures, the grade and type of structural steel and its mechanical properties. At the same time, the scientific novelty is the given technique as a whole, which is characterized by a significant reduction in labor costs and minimization of damage to the objects under study.
Exploring the Impact of Applicants’ Gender and Religion on Principals’ Screening Decisions for Assistant Principal Applicants
Authors: Bon Susan C.
Published: April 2021

In this experimental study, a national random sample of high school principals (stratified by gender) were asked to evaluate hypothetical applicants whose resumes varied by religion (Jewish, Catholic, nondenominational) and gender (male, female) for employment as assistant principals. Results reveal that male principals rate all applicants higher than female principals and that the gender and religion of applicants failed to negatively or positively affect principals’ evaluations. These results suggest that discrimination based on an applicant’s gender and religion failed to be manifested during the pre-interview stage of the selection process. The paper concludes with a theoretical discussion of the distinction between explicit and implicit prejudice, and encourages future researchers to investigate the potential impact of prejudice on employment selection decisions and to consider whether schools should promote diversity in leadership positions.
Evaluating Higher Education Policy in Turkey: Assessment of the Admission Procedure to Architecture, Planning and Engineering Schools
Authors: Cubukcu Kemal Mert , Cubukcu Ebru
Published: April 2021

The admission procedure to higher education institutions in Turkey is based on the student’s high school grades and Central University Entrance Examination (CUEE) score, with a much greater weight on the latter. However, whether the CUEE is an appropriate measure in the admission process to universities is still a much-debated question. This study assesses the validity of the CUEE as a selection tool for design-based departments by examining the relationship between CUEE scores and success in university education in two design-based departments, architecture and city planning. The analysis is then extended to test the relationship in three engineering departments, computer engineering, civil engineering, and mechanical engineering. Based on the bivariate correlation and one sample t-test result, we report that CUEE scores and graduation grades have no relationship at all. We conclude that the current admission procedure to design-based schools based on solely a central examination score is not preferable.
Determinants of Compliance with Standard Practices of Pesticide Use Among Cocoa Farmers in Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Agbongiarhuoy Anthony Eghe , Fawole Ogbaraeno Pippy
Published: April 2021

Cocoa production in Nigeria is limited due to pests and diseases. In an attempt to control these, farmers apply pesticides which leave chemical residue in cocoa beans. There are established standard practices to address the abuse in use of pesticides. However, there is dearth of information on factors that predispose cocoa farmers to comply with approved standard practices. Therefore, determinants of compliance with standard practices of pesticide use by cocoa farmers in Southwestern Nigeria were investigated. A three-stage sampling procedure was used to select respondents. Two cocoa producing States (Oyo and Ondo) were purposively selected. Two Local Government Areas (LGAs) known for cocoa production were selected from each state. Systematic random sampling was used to select 10% of registered farmers to give 354 respondents. Interview schedule was used to collect data on respondents’ variables. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression at  0.05. Most farmers were male (70.3%) and had secondary education (31.9%). Respondents’ age and farmingexperience were 58.0 and 27.0 years, respectively. Farmers’ yield and annual income were 0.449 tonnes obtained from an average of 6.25 ha cocoa farm size andN1,331,519.60 equivalent to $3,698.67, respectively. Determinants of compliance with standard practices of pesticides use for both dosage and procedure were determined by age ( = -0.20), income ( = 0.15), exposure to information (= 0.36), constraints ( = -0.27) and accessibility to approved pesticides ( = -0.11). Exposure of farmers to information and realising more money motivates them to purchase approved pesticides that will aid compliance with standard practices. As age of farmer increases, the ability to comply will be limited. A farmer who is constraint with poor access to recommended pesticides will go for unapproved types which are against compliance. Concerted efforts should be put in place by relevant bodies to ensure sustainable income, information access for respondents in order to adhere to recommended protocols and enhanced cocoa yield.
Sifat Fisika Kimia Campuran Minyak dari Minyak Sawit Merah Murni dengan Minyak Zaitun, Minyak Jagung, Minyak Kedelai atau Minyak Bunga Matahari
Authors: Hasibuan Hasrul Abdi , Priyanto Adi
Published: April 2021

Minyak sawit merah murni (virgin red palm oil, VRPO) merupakan minyak mengandung asam lemak jenuh dan tak jenuh seimbang, serta senyawa bioaktif tinggi (seperti karoten, tokoferol dan tokotrienol). Sementara itu, minyak zaitun (olive oil, OO), minyak jagung (corn oil, CO), minyak kedelai (soybean oil, SBO) dan minyak bunga matahari (sunflower oil, SFO) merupakan minyak mengandung asam lemak tak jenuh tinggi. Pencampuran dua atau lebih jenis minyak dapat menghasilkan minyak sehat dengan profil asam lemak, stabilitas oksidatif dan senyawa bioaktif yang diinginkan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji karakteristik campuran VRPO dengan OO, CO, SBO atau SFO pada rasio berat 100:0-0:100 meliputi kadar asam lemak bebas, karoten dan vitamin E, komposisi asam lemak, bilangan iodin, titik leleh, dan kandungan lemak padat. Peningkatan jumlah VRPO meningkatkan kadar asam palmitat, karoten dan vitamin e, titik leleh dan kandungan lemak padat. Peningkatan jumlah OO, CO, SBO atau SFO menurunkan kadar asam lemak bebas dan meningkatkan bilangan iodin. Campuran VRPO dengan CO, SBO atau SFO menghasilkan minyak sehat dengan rasio asam lemak jenuh: asam lemak tak jenuh tunggal: asam lemak tak jenuh ganda mendekati 1:1,5:1,0. Campuran VRPO dengan OO juga menghasilkan minyak sehat dengan rasio asam linoleat: asam linolenat sebesar 5-10:1. Campuran-campuran minyak tersebut dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku untuk minyak goreng, baking shortening dan margarin yang kaya senyawa bioaktif.
Maria Medina-Vicent. Mujeres y discursos gerenciales: hacia la autogestión feminista. Granada, Comares, 2020
Authors: Fernández Rodríguez Carlos Jesús
Published: April 2021

En el terreno de los estudios organizacionales, se ha suscitado a lo largo de las últimas décadas un creciente interés por el papel que los denominados discursos gerenciales están desempeñando en la construcción de las nuevas identidades laborales, tanto de directivos de empresas como de empleados. Estos discursos, vinculados a las denominadas ideologías gerenciales o manageriales, son considerados clave a la hora de justificar un compromiso más intenso con el trabajo por parte de los individuos, y presentar dicha conducta como algo atractivo y necesario en el competitivo capitalismo contemporáneo.
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF LONGITUDINAL REINFORCEMENT EFFECT ON RC SLAB PUNCHING SHEAR RESISTANCE BY STRENGTH AND CRACK PROPAGATION CRITERIA
Authors: Kabantsev Oleg , Krylov Sergey , Trofimov Sergey
Published: April 2021

he article deals with the influnce of longitudinal reinforcement of the support zone of reinforced concrete slabs on the strength and crack resistance under the criterion for punching failure. The evaluation of impact was carried out by the method of numerical studies based on finite-elementcomputational technologies. The results of physical experiments published in the scientificliterature are taken as the basis for the conducted research. The existing provisions of the existing domestic and foreign standards for the calculation of slab reinforced concrete structures according to the criterion for punching failure are considered. The main provisions of the applied finit element approach are presented, verificationis performed and the correctness of the applied technique is justified In the numerical studies, the forecast of strength and crack resistance was done for considered reinforced concrete slab structures; the results of numerical studies were compared with the data from physical experiments and the evaluation results based on the relevant domestic and foreign regulations. According to numerical studies results it was stated that longitudinal reinforcement of the tensile zone of slab structure has a significantimpact on both the level of load-bearing capacity and the scheme of crack formation and propagation. The results of the implemented studies justify the necessity to revise the national standards of structural analysis for reinforcement concrete slab structures under the criterion for punching failure.
Determinan Perilaku Lansia Dalam Pemanfaatan Posyandu Lansia Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Payo Selincah Kota Jambi Tahun 2020
Authors: Muhammad Ifwazan Darusman Raden , Guspianto Guspianto , Reskiaddin La Ode
Published: April 2021

Posyandu lansia merupakan sebuah program puskesmas yang ditujukan untuk memberikan pelayanan kesehatan bagi lansia dengan melibatkan peran serta masyarakat dan berbagai sektor. Laporan Dinas Kesehatan Kota Jambi tahun 2018 menunjukkan cakupan pelayanan kesehatan lansia di Puskesmas Payo Selincah Kota Jambi hanya sebesar 85,5% yaitu masih dibawah target SPM (100%). Data kehadiran lansia perbulan tahun 2019 di posyandu lansia Cempaka Harum dan Anggrek wilayah kerja Puskesmas Payo Selincah sangat rendah yaitu hanya 8 orang (2,1%) dan 7 orang (0,41%). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui determinan perilaku lansia dalam pemanfaatan posyandu lansia di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Payo Selincah Kota Jambi. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional, menggunakan teknik pengambilan sampel proportionate random sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 92 orang lansia. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan juni hingga juli tahun 2020. Intrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian diketahui 73,5% lansia tidak memanfaatkan posyandu. Hasil uji statistik chi-square diketahui p- value pengetahuan sebesar 0,408 (> 0,05), sikap sebesar 0,718 (> 0,05), jarak sebesar 0,000 (< 0,05), dukungan keluarga sebesar 1,000 (> 0,05) dan peran kader sebesar 0,000 (< 0,05). Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara faktor jarak dan peran kader dalam pemanfaatan posyandu lansia di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Payo Selincah Kota Jambi.

Kata Kunci : Lansia, Posyandu lansia, Jarak, Peran Kader
Editorial: COVID-19, corporate governance, sustainability, and the post-neoliberal world
Authors: dela Rama Marie , Crews Julie
Published: April 2021

The five papers in this special issue reflect the initial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, in its first year, on corporate governance and sustainability. What is common throughout these papers is how the pandemic has created disequilibria for many organisations. The question continues to be posed as to the new forms of organising and managing as the world reorientates or pivots in a pandemic and post-pandemic world
Comparative analysis of development paths within the framework of the two-tier corporate governance model in Germany, Italy, and China
Authors: Li Shu
Published: April 2021

This article aims to reveal the three trajectories of establishing the two-tier model and select Germany, Italy, and China to discuss the ontology of the two-tier model, its integration with other local models, and its development variants. This article compares the similarities and differences of the two-tier model in the organizational structures of three countries to show that there is institutional inertia or path dependence in the design of legal systems and rules on corporate governance. In the two-tier model, the management agency performs the corporate business, the supervisory agency supervises the corporate operations, and the relationship between the management agency and the supervisory agency is subtle and complex. Germany is the original user of the two-tier model. Italy introduced the two-tier model as an optional model in addition to the traditional model. China is learning from the world’s experience and establishing its own two-tier corporate structure based on its own conditions. As Buck and Shahrim (2005) mentioned, cultural traditions, historical development paths and models, the overall development level and maturity of the market economy, social legal awareness, and the improvement of the rule of law influence the corporate governance structure that the country chooses to adopt
in the flesh
Authors: Virpi Nieminen
Published: April 2021

In this exposition I reflect on an artistic research project I conducted from fall 2020 through spring 2021, as a student of scenography in Aalto University.

The base for the artistic research project was the idea of corporality, touch, flesh, materiality and aesthetics as something excessive and peripheral in the context of the Aalto University campus. I explored bodily excesses by working with sculptural objects formed by bodycasting, a method that produces a surplus of bodyparts. I was also interested in the process of working with my hands, and working through touching and being with the sculptural objects and materials.

As the process evolved the questions came to circulate around the issues of knowledge and the unknown. What kind of knowledge can working with these objects and materials lead me toward? Can that knowledge be articulated into language? How to work with things that language doesn't reach?

The research project was executed aside the peripheries in parallax: BRAVE NEW PERIPHERIES -conference organised by the four-year “Floating Peripheries – mediating the sense of place” artistic research project.
Hemoadsorption for management of Patients on Veno-venous ECMO Support for Severe COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Geraci Travis , Kon Zachary , Moazami Nader , Chang Stephanie , Carillo Julius , Chen Stacey , Fargnoli Anthony , Alimi Marjan , Pass Harvey , Galloway Aubrey , Smith Deane
Published: April 2021

Background and aim of the study: Patients with severe coronavirus
disease 2019 (COVID-19) develop a profound cytokine-mediated
pro-inflammatory response. This study reports outcomes in 10 patients
with COVID-19 supported on veno-venous extracorporeal membrane
oxygenation (VV-ECMO) who were selected for the emergency use of a
hemoadsorption column integrated in the ECMO circuit. Materials and
Methods: Pre and post treatment, clinical data and inflammatory markers
were assessed to determine the safety and feasibility of using this
system, and to evaluate the clinical effect. Results: During
hemoadsorption, median levels of interleukin (IL)-2R, IL-6, and IL-10
decreased by 54%, 86%, and 64% respectively. Reductions in other
markers were observed for LDH (-49%), ferritin (-46%), D-dimer (-7%),
C-reactive protein (-55%), procalcitonin (-76%) and lactate (-44%).
Vasoactive-inotrope scores decreased significantly over the treatment
interval (-80%). The median hospital length of stay was 53 days (36-85)
and at 90-days post cannulation, survival was 90% which was similar to
a group of patients without the use of hemoadsorption. Conclusions:
Addition of hemoadsorption to VV-ECMO in patients with severe COVID-19
is feasible and reduces measured cytokine levels. However, in this small
series, the precise impact on the overall clinical course and survival
benefit still remains unknown.
PESI Score for Predicting Clinical Outcomes in Pulmonary Embolism Patients with Right Ventricular Involvement
Authors: Natanzon Sharon Shalom , Fardman Alexander , Chernomordik Fernando , Mazin Israel , Herscovici Romana , Goitein Orly , Ben-Zekry Sagit , Younis Anan , Grupper Avishay , Matetzky Shlomi , Beigel Roy
Published: April 2021

Background: Pulmonary embolism (PE) patients with right ventricular (RV)
involvement are a heterogenous group who mandate further risk
stratification. Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy of the PE
severity index (PESI) for predicting adverse clinical outcomes among PE
patients with RV involvement. Methods and Results: Consecutive
normotensive PE patients with RV involvement were allocated according to
admission PESI score (PESI <4 vs. PESI ≥4). The primary
outcome included hemodynamic instability and in-hospital mortality.
Secondary outcomes included each component of the primary outcome as
well as mechanical ventilation, thrombolytic therapy, acute kidney
injury, and major bleeding. Multivariable logistic regression model was
performed to assess the independent association between the PESI score
and primary outcome. C-Statistic was used to compare the PESI with the
BOVA score. A total of 253 patients were evaluated: 95 (38%) with a
PESI of ≥4. Of them, 82 (32%) patients were classified as
intermediate-low risk and 171 (68%) as intermediate-high risk. Fifty
(20%) patients had at least 1 adverse event. Multivariate analysis
demonstrated the PESI to be an independent predictor for the primary
outcome (HR 4.81, CI 95%, 1.15-20.09, P=0.031), which was increased
with a concomitant increase of the PESI score (PESI 1:4.2%, PESI 2:
3.4%, PESI 3:12%, PESI 4: 16.3%, PESI 5:23.1%, P for trend
<0.001). C-Statistic analysis for the PESI score yielded an
AUC-0.746 (0.637-0.854), P=0.001, compared to the BOVA score: AUC-0.679
(0.584-0.775), P=0.011. Conclusion: PESI score was found to predict
adverse outcomes among normotensive PE patients with RV involvement.
Prenatal cases with rare RIT1 variants causing severe fetal hydrops and death
Authors: Miceikaite Ieva , Bak Geske , Larsen Martin , Kristiansen Britta , Torring Pernille
Published: April 2021

Here we describe two clinical prenatal cases with rare de novo RIT1
variants which showed more severe clinical manifestations than other
Noonan Syndrome genotypes, resulting in fetal death. It is recommended
that extra attention would be exercised when these variants are
detected, and an appropriate patient counselling would be provided.
A rare and forgotten cause of aortic aneurysm: tertiary syphilis
Authors: Quiñonez Carmen , Buitrago-Gómez Nathalia , Oñate Jose , Castillo Raul , Devia Carlos , Buchelli Victor
Published: April 2021

Cardiovascular syphilis occurs 15 to 30 years after infection.
Syphilitic aortitis is the most common manifestation and typically
involves the ascending aorta. Aneurysm formation is the least common
complication of aortitis; the majority of aneurysms are single and
usually saccular. We report the images of a 51-year-old man with a
history of chest pain that began one month before. An aneurysm of the
ascending aorta was documented. The nontreponemal and treponemal tests
were reactive. Other venereal diseases, as well as neurological
involvement, were discarded. The patient received treatment for
non-neurologic tertiary syphilis and surgical repair by the Bentall
procedure with re-implantation of the coronary arteries. Pathology
showed the aortic arterial layer displaying myxoid changes in the tunica
intima, as well as inflammatory infiltrate. The vasa vasorum
demonstrates inflammatory infiltration with lymphocytes and plasma
cells. The previous findings support the diagnosis of syphilitic
aortitis. The patient’s evolution was satisfactory with no current
cardiovascular symptoms.
Understanding the environmental factors related to the decrease in Pediatric Emergency Department referrals for acute asthma during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
Authors: Dondi Arianna , Betti Ludovica , Carbone Claudio , Dormi Ada , Paglione Marco , Rinaldi Matteo , Gualtieri Maurizio , Scotto Fabiana , Poluzzi Vanes , Fabi Marianna , Lanari Marcello
Published: April 2021

Background: Asthma exacerbations, a common reason for Pediatric
Emergency Department (PED) referral, can be triggered by multiple
factors, including infections, air pollution and allergens. Lockdown
measures and other public health interventions during the SARS-CoV-2
pandemic determined radical changes to behavioral and social habits,
that were reflected by a reduction in the transmission of all
respiratory pathogens and in the emissions of relevant air pollution
anthropogenic sources. Objective: This study aims to describe how
restrictions during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic impacted the PED referral for
asthma exacerbations and their potentially associated environmental
triggers in densely populated urban areas. Methods: PED referrals for
acute asthma from 2015 to 2020 were compared to air pollution and pollen
data. To this purpose, historical daily concentration records of PM2.5,
PM10 (including specific chemical tracers), as well as NO2, C6H6, tree,
grass and weed pollen were analyzed. Results: In 2020, asthma-related
PED referrals decreased up to 85%, compared to the average referral
rate of the previous 5 years (P<0.01). The drastic drop in PED
referrals was associated with a reduction of high-priority cases by
50-60%, unlike PED referrals for overall diagnoses, showing a larger
contribution for severe outcomes. A concomitant diminished contribution
of traffic-related air pollution was shown. Conclusions: The lower rate
of asthma exacerbations in childhood can be related to synergic
interactions of the multiple effects of lockdown measures which induced
lower viral infection rates and decreased exposure to outdoor allergens.
The reduction of traffic-related air pollution determined a weakening of
inflammatory properties of urban PM.