bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Watykańskie instytucje finansowe
Authors: Romanko Agnieszka
Published: February 2023

Ustawodawca w Kodeksie Prawa Kanonicznego z 1983 r. stanowi: „Kościół katolicki na podstawie prawa wrodzonego, niezależnie od władzy świeckiej, może dobra doczesne nabywać, posiadać, zarządzać i alienować, dla osiągnięcia właściwych sobie celów” (kan. 1254 § 1). Autor w artykule analizuje instytucje finansowe Stolicy Apostolskiej i Państwa-Miasta Watykan, tj. Instytut Dzieł Religijnych, Administrację Dóbr Stolicy Apostolskiej, Radę ds. Ekonomicznych, Sekretariat ds. Ekonomicznych, Audytora Generalnego, Prefekturę Spraw Ekonomicznych Stolicy Apostolskiej i Kamerę Apostolską.
Evaluation of the degeneration of the multifidus and erector spinae muscles in patients with low back pain and healthy individuals
Authors: Yazici Alikemal , Yerlikaya Tuba , Oniz Adile
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: Although several studies have been conducted to determine the cause of low back pain (LBP), a sufficient correlation has not been found between research findings and symptoms. Therefore there seems to be a need for studies to explain the relationship between pain and morphological changes in the paraspinal muscles of patients with LBP through comparisons with healthy control subjects. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine degeneration in the lumbar musculus multifidus (LMF) and lumbar musculus erector spinae (LES) muscles in patients with chronic LBP with non-radiculopathy lumbar disc herniation (LDH), patients with mechanical LBP, and healthy individuals. METHODS: The study included 35 patients with mechanical LBP, 38 patients with non-radiculopathy LDH, and a control group of 36 healthy participants. In all patients and the control group, evaluations were made on axial magnetic resonance imaging slices at L3-S1 level of the LMF and LES cross-sectional areas (CSA), total CSA (TCSA = LMF+LES), fat infiltrations and asymmetries. RESULTS: The mean CSA values of the right and left LMF and LES showed significant differences between the groups (p< 0.001, p= 0.002, p= 0.002, p= 0.010, respectively). Fat infiltrations showed a difference between the right-left LMF and left LES groups (p= 0.007, p< 0.001, p= 0.026, respectively). Asymmetry was not observed between the CSA and TCSA of the right and left sides. CONCLUSION: A correlation was found between fat infiltration in the LMF and mechanical LBP and LDH. However, no significant correlation was determined between LBP and the CSA and TCSA of the LMF and LES. This was thought to be due to an incorrect result of CSA and TCSA in the evaluation of muscle mass. Therefore, for a more accurate evaluation of muscle mass, it can be considered necessary to measure muscle atrophy associated with fat infiltration or functional CSA.
The influence of shoulder position during multi-joint exercises in the relative scapular muscles activity in symptomatic and asymptomatic conditions
Authors: Melo Ana S.C. , Vilas-Boas J. Paulo , Cruz Eduardo B. , Macedo Rui M. , e Ferreira Sílvia B. , Sousa Andreia S.
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: Scapular muscles changes, as increased upper trapezius activity and decreased middle and lower trapezius and serratus anterior muscle activity, have been demonstrated in shoulder pain specific or non-specific conditions. Shoulder external rotation exercises have been recommended to improve scapular activity in shoulder pain. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relative scapular muscles activity during multi-joint exercises combining shoulder external rotation, trunk rotation and scapular squeeze. METHODS: Forty-one participants with and without shoulder pain were assessed in a cross-sectional study. They performed isometric multi-joint exercises at 0∘ and 90∘ of shoulder abduction with and without support. The relative activity of upper, middle, and lower trapezius and serratus anterior (upper/middle and lower portions) was measured through electromyography. The scapular muscular balance was assessed by the ratio between relative activity of the upper trapezius and the other muscles. RESULTS: Both groups presented similar results. The exercise at 90∘ abduction led to increased relative muscle activity against maximal voluntary contraction in both groups for upper trapezius (with support: 4% MVIC, p= 0.001 or 15% MVIC, p< 0.0001; and without support: 11% MVIC, p< 0.0001 or 13%, p< 0.0001, for asymptomatic and symptomatic group, respectively) and lower trapezius (with support: 66% MVIC, p< 0.0001 or 62% MVIC, p< 0.0001, for asymptomatic and symptomatic group,
Bilateral symmetrical distal clavicle fractures (Neer type II): A case of rare injury
Authors: Zhang Yi-Fei , Zhang Li-Feng , Zhou Ye-Jin
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: Neer type II/bilateral distal clavicular fracture is an extremely rare injury combination, with few cases having been reported. CASE PRESENTATION: This paper reports a case of polytrauma in a 16-year-old female following a road traffic accident. The radiographs revealed distal fractures of the bilateral clavicles (Neer type II), and an open reduction and internal fixation procedure was performed. Initially, the distal fracture of the right clavicle was fixed with a six-hole hook plate before the fracture of the left clavicle was fixed using a pre-contoured lateral locking plate following reduction. At the two-year follow-up, the patient had an excellent constant score in terms of the bilateral shoulder joints. CONCLUSION: It is important to achieve stability and to aim for excellence in terms of full shoulder function in this rare combination injury.
Potential prognostic role of somatic mutations in a set of cancer susceptibility genes in ovarian carcinoma: A follow-up multicentric study from Pakistan
Authors: Masood Atika , Sarfaraz Rahat , Zaki Saima , Shami Amira , Khaliq Saba , Naseem Nadia
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: Genetic mutations, peritoneal metastasis and frequent development of chemoresistance worsen the prognosis of ovarian carcinoma. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study is to determine mutations in cancer susceptibility genes in relation with chemotherapy response. METHODS: In this follow up descriptive study, 47 consenting female patients diagnosed with surface epithelial ovarian cancer were observed for six months after completion of chemotherapy to see the treatment response. For genetic analysis, the DNA extraction was done and the genomic regions of different exons of BRCA1/2, PALB2, CHEK2, BAP1, CTNNB1, HOXB13, and PIK3CA were amplified using gene specific primers followed by Sanger Sequencing. RESULTS: 86.7% of the patients were sensitive to chemotherapy whereas 13.3% showed resistance. Genetic variants of BRCA1 in 7%, BRCA2 in 4.7%, PIK3CA in 9.3%, PALB2 in 7%, CHEK2 in 2.3%, BAP1 in 2.3%, and CTNNB1 in 2.3% of the patients were found. There was also a significant association between TNM stage and the treatment response (p< 0.01). Of the patients with no mutations, 90.9% showed chemosensitivity as opposed to 70% in mutations group. CONCLUSION: Our study exhibits the pivotal role of genetic analysis in predicting the treatment response and paving pathway for patient tailored targeted therapy in Pakistani population.
Enhanced memetic search for reducing energy consumption in fuzzy flexible job shops
Authors: García Gómez Pablo , González-Rodríguez Inés , Vela Camino R.
Published: February 2023

The flexible job shop is a well-known scheduling problem that has historically attracted much research attention both because of its computational complexity and its importance in manufacturing and engineering processes. Here we consider a variant of the problem where uncertainty in operation processing times is modeled using triangular fuzzy numbers. Our objective is to minimize the total energy consumption, which combines the energy required by resources when they are actively processing an operation and the energy consumed by these resources simply for being switched on. To solve this NP-Hard problem, we propose a memetic algorithm, a hybrid metaheuristic method that combines global search with local search. Our focus has been on obtaining an efficient method, capable of obtaining similar solutions quality-wise to the state of the art using a reduced amount of time. To assess the performance of our algorithm, we present an extensive experimental analysis that compares it with previous proposals and evaluates the effect on the search of its different components.
Characteristics of Subjective Cognitive Decline Associated with Alzheimer’s Disease Amyloid Pathology: Findings from The CABLE Study
Authors: Zhao Yong-Li , Ou Ya-Nan , Ma Ya-Hui , Tan Lan , Yu Jin-Tai
Published: February 2023

Background: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is considered as a preclinical hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the characteristics of SCD associated with amyloid pathology remain unclear. Objective: We aimed to explore the associations between SCD characteristics with amyloid pathology. Methods: Using logistic regression analyses, we analyzed the associations between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid pathology with AD risk factors, SCD-specific characteristics (onset of SCD within the last five years, age at onset ≥60 years, feelings of worse performance, informant confirmation of complaints, worries, other domains of cognition complaints), as well as subthreshold depressive and anxiety symptoms among individuals with SCD. Results: A total of 535 SCD individuals with available CSF Aβ42 information from the Chinese Alzheimer’s Biomarker and LifestylE (CABLE) study (mean age of 63.5 years, range 40 to 88 years; 47.10% female) were enrolled. The characteristics of informant confirmation of complaints (OR, 95% CI = 2.00, 1.19–3.36), subthreshold depressive symptoms (OR, 95% CI = 2.31, 1.05–5.09), and subthreshold anxiety symptoms (OR, 95% CI = 2.22, 1.09–4.51) were found to be significantly associated with pathological amyloid in multivariate analyses when adjusting for age, sex, education, and APOE ɛ4. Besides, age and females were observed risks for amyloid pathology in subscale analyses. Nonetheless, we did not find any associations of other SCD-specific characteristics with amyloid pathology in this study. Conclusion: Our study suggested that informant confirmed complaints and subthreshold psychiatric symptoms might be critical for discriminating AD-related SCD from non-AD related SCD.
Application of action and posture feature information matching algorithm in college aerobics
Authors: Wang Hui
Published: February 2023

With the increasingly rich recreational activities of college students, diversified learning needs and complex physical education resources bring challenges to college physical education. In order to optimize the teaching effect of calisthenics in colleges and universities, this paper proposes a matching method of posture features based on dynamic time warping. Firstly, the dynamic time warping algorithm is introduced, and then the matching model of posture features of calisthenics is constructed on this basis. Finally, the application effect of the model is tested and analyzed. The results show that the model can capture the video frame accurately, and its matching accuracy reaches 94.8%, which greatly improves the accuracy of aerobics action recognition. Good posture matching effect is conducive to teachers to obtain a clear learning situation of students, and provide a reference for adjusting the teaching progress and teaching methods of calisthenics. Under the teaching mode of this model, the average professional score of the students in calisthenics reaches 85 points, which is 25 points higher than that under the convolutional neural network model. It also proves the validity and feasibility of this method in the course of calisthenics in colleges and universities, which is beneficial to enhance the physical quality of college students and enrich the content of calisthenics teaching.
Three-dimensional system modeling and design of ecological garden landscape based on the interlaced spatial pattern of light and shadow
Authors: Chen Chen
Published: February 2023

The layout and design of ecological landscaping is an important part of the construction and development of modern cities. In the 3D reconstruction of the spatial pattern of the light and shadow interlaced zone of the ecological landscape, the complexity and particularity of the ecological landscape structure make it difficult for the three-dimensional reconstruction stereo matching set to meet the accuracy requirements, and the quality 3D image construction cannot meet the requirements of landscape planning. Based on the principle of binocular stereo vision, a regional feature stereo matching algorithm (rsurf) is used to improve the accuracy of feature matching. Considering that the algorithm is easy to filter out the detailed features of the image, the improved RANSAC algorithm is used to filter the matching results. The experimental results show that in the matching cost test of the optimal matching window, the 15 × window neighborhood has the lowest matching cost, and the generated value in the 100 × 100 source window is 0.824. In the test after matching and fusion, the rsurf algorithm is superior to the surf algorithm in both RMS and PMS error performance, and can better meet the requirements of 3D reconstruction of the binocular vision system. The research content has an important reference for the application of landscape visualization 3D technology, and improves the overall layout effect of landscape landscape.
RETRACTED: A content recommendation system for e-learning using enhanced Harris Hawks Optimization, Cuckoo search and DSSM
Authors: Manikandan N.K. , Kavitha M.
Published: February 2023

This article has been retracted. A retraction notice can be found at https://doi.org/10.3233/JIFS-219433.
Assessing Bulbar Function in Spinal Muscular Atrophy Using Patient-Reported Outcomes
Authors: Dunaway Young Sally , Pasternak Amy , Duong Tina , McGrattan Katlyn E. , Stranberg Sarah , Maczek Elizabeth , Dias Courtney , Tang Whitney , Parker Dana , Levine Alexis , Rohan Alyssa , Wolford Connie , Martens William , McDermott Michael P. , Darras Basil T. , Day John W.
Published: February 2023

Background: Novel Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) treatments have demonstrated improvements on motor measures that are clearly distinct from the natural history of progressive decline. Comparable measures are needed to monitor bulbar function, which is affected in severe SMA. Objective: To assess bulbar function with patient-reported outcome measures (PROs) and determine their relationships with clinical characteristics. Methods: We recruited 47 non-ambulatory participants (mean (SD) age = 29.8 (13.7) years, range = 10.3–73.2) with SMA. PROs including Voice Handicap Index (VHI) and Eating Assessment Tool-10 (EAT-10) were collected alongside clinical characteristics and standardized motor assessments. Associations were assessed using Spearman correlation coefficients and group comparisons were performed using Wilcoxon rank sum tests. Results: A majority of the 47 participants were SMA type 2 (70.2%), non-sitters (78.7%), 3 copies of SMN2 (77.5%), and using respiratory support (66.0%). A majority (94%) reported voice issues primarily in 8/30 VHI questions. Problems included: difficulty understanding me in a noisy room (87.2%); difficult for people to hear me (74.5%); and people ask me to repeat when speaking face-to-face (72.3%). A majority (85.1%) reported swallowing issues primarily in 3/10 EAT-10 questions: swallowing pills (68.1%); food sticks to my throat (66.0%); and swallowing solids (61.7%). The two PROs were moderately associated (rs = 0.66). Conclusions: Weaker individuals with SMA experience bulbar problems including difficulties with voice and swallowing. Further refinement and assessment of functional bulbar scales will help determine their relevance and responsiveness to changes in SMA. Additional study is needed to quantify bulbar changes caused by SMA and their response to disease-modifying treatments.
Hypochondriasis and self-medication among medical sciences students during the COVID-19 pandemic: A descriptive cross-sectional study in Northwestern Iran
Authors: Salmani Roghayeh , Kazemi Hasan , Sarbakhsh Parvin , Mousazadeh Yalda
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: Increased fear and anxiety among the general public following the emergence of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) can lead to hypochondriasis as well as indiscriminate use of drugs, versus the disease. OBJECTIVE: The present study was conducted to identify the frequency and causes of self-medication and hypochondriasis among students. METHODS: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 241 students of different disciplines of Khalkhal University of Medical Sciences in northwestern Iran over a period of six months. SPSS 26 software, Chi-square and Fisher tests were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: The rate of self-medication was calculated 51%. The highest rate of self-medication was in the form of tablets (75.6%) and capsules (28.5%) and the highest type of medication was herbal medicine (59.3%) and multivitamins and complementary drugs (54.5%). The most common cause of self-medication was previous use and the effectiveness of the drug in the past (79.7%). The mean score of hypochondriasis was calculated at 21.52 (11.02) and the majority of students (49.8%) were in the healthy group. There was a statistically significant association between hypochondriasis and self-medication (p = 0.002). CONCLUSION: Based on the findings, more than half of the participants in the study had self-medication. About 20% of students also experienced mild to moderate hypochondriasis. Therefore, it is suggested that the necessary training and support be provided to deal with the side effects of these two phenomena.
DISKURSUS DAN PENGUATAN GENDER DALAM PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Wahyudi Dedi , Ali Muhammad , Kurniasih Novita , Anesti Meida
Published: February 2023

Abstrak

Pendidikan merupakan suatu media untuk menyalurkan nilai, budaya, masyarakat, pengetahuan dan kemampuan manusia, termasuk dalam hal ini terkait dengan isu gender. Diskursus dan penguatan gender di dalam pendidikan Islam merupakan tingkatan yang paling jelas untuk membeda antara laki-laki dan perempuan. Di dalam Islam seorang laki-laki dan perempuan harus bisa untuk dibedakan. Laki-laki tidak boleh berpenampilan seperti perempuan dan begitu pun sebaliknya perempuan tidak boleh berpenampilan seperti laki-laki. Di dalam buku teks pendidikan Islam, gender dijadikan dasar untuk mengenalkan wawasan gender. Pengenalan wawasan gender didalam pendidikan Islam itu penting karena suatu pendidikan harus mengedepankan prisip adil dan humanis. Diharapkan adanya internalisasi pemahaman gender di dalam pendidikan akan membuat peserta didik menjadi terbuka terkait wawasan gender. Akan tetapi, didalam masyarakat terdapat ketimpangan gender. Hal ini muncul karena didalam masyakat terdapat kekeliruan dalam menafsirakan makna gender itu sendiri..

 

Kata kunci ; Gender, Persamaan Gender Didalam Al-Qur’an
Perempuan dan Keataan
Authors: Kumalasari Reni
Published: February 2023

Sebagian besar masyarakat menganggap dan memposisikan perempuan sebagai makhluk inferior terutama di sektor domestik. Istri dituntut untuk selalu taat dalam kehidupan rumah tangganya. Pemahaman ini didasarkan adanya hadis nabi yang berbicara tentang ketundukan istri pada suami. Dalam tatanan kehidupan modern saat ini, pemahaman ini dikretisi oleh golongan feminis yang menginginkan adanya kesetaraan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari jawaban dari persoalan pokok, yaitu bagaimana pemahaman yang sesungguhnya hadis ketaatan istri tersebut. Berdasarkan metode pengumpulan data, maka penelitian ini dikategorikan sebagai penelitian kepustakaan (Library Research). Dari hasilanalisa secara kompherensif terhadap hadis tersebut bahwa subtansi dari perintah taat dalam hadis ini untuk menunjang peran masing-masing dan terjalinnya hubungan timbal balik (take and give) di antara suami istri demi terciptanya keluarga yang sakinah, mawaddah wa rahmah.
KONSTRUKSI GENDER DALAM KOMUNITAS TATTOART DI KOTA GORONTALO
Authors: Saputera Abdur Rahman Adi , Tomayahu Windiyani Yuniarti
Published: February 2023

Some of the women often wear clothes that tend to show. Tattoos can make them have a positive impression wherein it makes them feel sexy, cool or attractive in appearance. The reason for using a tattoo is because they like the image on the other hand because they prefer to have an image in their body which is their characteristic in their socializing. The purpose of this study was to determine the gender construction in the Tatoart community in Gorontalo City. The method used in this research is a qualitative method with data collection through observation, interviews, and documentation.

The results of the research are; Gender construction in the Tatoart Community as a style to beautify one's appearance. Tattoos are also used as a measure of association, meaning that the more tattoos the woman is assessed for the extent of her association. So that some women admit that the use of tattoos is considered more slang in front of their friends. Women who have tattoos are those who also have playmates who have tattoos, so they are influenced to get tattooed. And some women who have tattoos also reason to put tattoos because of identity. The meaning for each tattoo is different. This depends on the selection of the tattoo motif and the placement of the tattoo on the body. Women put on permanent tattoos, which are tattoos that can last a lifetime on the skin, and for placement, women who are tattooed in Gorontalo City are generally more daring to put it around the body that is not covered to make it easier to show off. is considered positive when the use of tattoos is used as art or decoration that aims to beautify the body or appearance. The self-concept of tattooed women belonging to the Gorontalo Tattooart Community (GTC) is a concept where they act in accordance with the views of themselves and others towards themselves. The tattooed woman, a member of the Gorontalo Tattooart Community (GTC), considers tattooing as an art that everyone is free to wear, and they think that they can learn a lot after using tattoos because of the many negative views from outsiders that make them even stronger individuals in carrying out the day.
(LAMBANG) PENARIKAN PEKERJA ANAK MELALUI PENDIDIKAN KESETARAAN STUDI PADA PERKUMPULAN LAMPUNG MEMBANGUN
Authors: Sudaro Aye Sudarto , Imtihanah Ani Nurul
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Based on the description of the agricultural sector in Indonesia in general and in particular Lampung, which certainly cannot be separated from the various risks of empirical findings related to child labor in the agricultural sector. It is deemed necessary to be able to provide breakthroughs and solutions in minimizing and even eliminating child labor in the agricultural sector. For this reason, what Lambang does is an effort to minimize and restore children to school and provide views and perspectives on families. Until the family can get out of economic misfortune. And deliver children to the maximum extent possible to get education in school.

PKBM is an alternative for dropout children and some children who are constrained from continuing their education. PKBM is a non-formal education in which there is what is known as Package A which is equivalent to SD, Package B is equivalent to SLTP and Package C is equivalent to SLTA. PKBM school graduates are equivalent to SD, SLTP and SLTA education as it refers to the National Education Standards.
GERAKAN EKOFEINISME PEDAGANG PEREMPUAN PAYUNGI DALAM PENGGUNAAN PLASTIK
Authors: Sunarwan Aisyah , Bekti Eka Budi , Maza Rina El
Published: February 2023

Ekofeminisme bertujuan untuk membentuk kesadaran manusia dalam pentingnya menjaga keberlangsungan siklus hidup. Dengan mengajukan komunitas organik sebagai garda utama untuk membentuk masyarakat yang bertanggung jawab akan kehidupan, bukan hanya memusatkan kepentingan dan keuntungan pribadi diatas segalanya,melalui kepekaan sadar ekologi dalam kegidupan sehari-hari dengan mengurangi dan mendaur ulang limbah rumah tangga dan lingkungan, bertanam sayur organik, serta mendukung petani dan pasar tradisional.

Pasar Yosomulyo Pelangi adalah pasar yang menyajikan makanan dan jajanan tradisional, kegiatan di pasar yosomulyo bertujuan untuk bagaimana menggerakan warga untuk bisa menciptakan pergerakan ekonomi, juga tentang bagaimana memberikan kesempatan warga untuk beraktifitas yang bernilai ekonomis. Selain itu Pasar Yosomulyo pelangi juga mengajarkan bagaimana konsep pasar dan prilaku entrepreneur yang tetap memperhatikan  keramahan lingungan, dengan menjaga lingkungan tetap bersih dan indah.
PERSEPSI ANAK JALANAN TERHADAP PENANGGULANGAN HIV/AIDS DI KOTA CIREBON
Authors: Bakhri Syaeful
Published: February 2023

Fenomena anak jalanan bukan hanya satu permasalahan dalam pembangunan nasional di Indonesia. Terdapat permasalahan lain pada fenomena tersebut yakni berpeluangnya penyebaran HIV/AIDS pada anak jalanan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana gambaran penanggulangan anak jalanan terhadap potensi penyebaran HIV/AIDS di Kota Cirebon. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan Sustainable Livelihoods (SL). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian anak jalanan tidak mengetahui ciri-ciri pengidap HIV/AIDS; Tidak semua masyarakat dapat bersikap wajar terhadap pengidap HIV/AIDS; Masyarakat menilai bahwa Pemerintah Cirebon dan masyarakatnya mendukung pencegahan dan penanganan HIV/AIDS; Berganti pasangan merupakan faktor dominan dalam penyebaran penyakit HIV/AIDS dan Sosialisasi merupakan strategi yang paling tepat guna mempercepat terwujudnya pencegahan dan penanganan HIV/AIDS. Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukkan akan perlunya dilakukan beberapa kebijakan dan startegi penanggulangan anak jalanan untuk memutus persebaran HIV/AID melalui beberapa kebijakan seperti kebijakan ekonomi, pangan, kesehatan, pendidikan, infrastruktur perumahan dan sanitasi, politik dan kelembagaan, serta kebijakan pembangunan dan pengembangan wilayah.

Fenomena anak jalanan bukan hanya satu permasalahan dalam pembangunan nasional di Indonesia. Terdapat permasalahan lain pada fenomena tersebut yakni berpeluangnya penyebaran HIV/AIDS pada anak jalanan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana gambaran penanggulangan anak jalanan terhadap potensi penyebaran HIV/AIDS di Kota Cirebon. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan Sustainable Livelihoods (SL). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian anak jalanan tidak mengetahui ciri-ciri pengidap HIV/AIDS; Tidak semua masyarakat dapat bersikap wajar terhadap pengidap HIV/AIDS; Masyarakat menilai bahwa Pemerintah Cirebon dan masyarakatnya mendukung pencegahan dan penanganan HIV/AIDS; Berganti pasangan merupakan faktor dominan dalam penyebaran penyakit HIV/AIDS dan Sosialisasi merupakan strategi yang paling tepat guna mempercepat terwujudnya pencegahan dan penanganan HIV/AIDS. Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukkan akan perlunya dilakukan beberapa kebijakan dan startegi penanggulangan anak jalanan untuk memutus persebaran HIV/AID melalui beberapa kebijakan seperti kebijakan ekonomi, pangan, kesehatan, pendidikan, infrastruktur perumahan dan sanitasi, politik dan kelembagaan, serta kebijakan pembangunan dan pengembangan wilayah.

 

Kata kunci: Anak jalanan; Pencegahan dan penanganan; HIV/AIDS.
PEMBERDAYAAN PEREMPUAN MELALUI PEMANFAATAN LAHAN PEKARANGAN SEBAGAI UPAYA KETAHANAN PANGAN MANDIRI DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Mahmudah Nurul , Al Kautsar Muhammad Syakir
Published: February 2023

Abstrak: Community service is a means for empowerer to contribute to society. In the face of the pandemic, all sectors are affected, one of which is the agricultural sector. Demanding the community to reduce activities outside the home, especially women. Optimizing home gardens as a source of family food is one of the best options, especially when some areas are predicted to experience a food crisis that has the potential to affect food production. Facing a pandemic condition, the community must be able to provide food and produce it themselves. Sidomulyo Village, Punggur District, Central Lampung Regency. is a lowland area with low land use as agricultural land. It is hoped that the use of yard land as food land can help household communities meet the adequacy of food during the Covid 19 pandemic. People can grow food crops, including: sweet potatoes, cassava, vegetables, taro and other horticultural crops. This encourages them to carry out outreach activities to women about optimizing yard land as source of food in the face of the Covid-19 pandemic.
Pelatihan Ketrampilan Tangan dari Manik-Manik untuk Meningkatkan Kreativitas Ibu-Ibu PKK Hadimulyo Barat Metro Pusat
Authors: Susanti Liana Dewi , Ardianto Nur Wahyu , Dewi S.Kartika Candra
Published: February 2023

Kuliah Pengabdian Masyarakat (KPM) adalah bentuk kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat oleh mahasiswa dengan pendekatan lintas keilmuan dan sektoral pada waktu dan daerah tertentu.Pelaksanaan KPM menjadi wadah bagi mahasiswa untuk mengembangkan ilmu yang didapat di bangku kuliah, serta sebagai bentuk pengabdian kepada masyarakat untuk membantu meningkatkan kreasi masyarakat, menanam nilai-nilai keagamaan dan nilai kecerdasan. Dalam pelaksanaan program kerja pelatihan kerajinan tangan pada KPM ini didasarkan pandangan ibu-ibu PKK Kelurahan Hadimulyo Barat di RW 01 yang dimana memerlukan ide-ide sekreatif mungkin dari ibu-ibu PKK di sana untuk menjadikan manik-manik sebagai kerajinan tangan yang cantik. Tujuan pelaksanaan program ini adalah: (a) meningkatkan kreatifitas dan ketrampilan ibu-ibu tentang penggunaan kerajinan tangan dari manik-manik yang nantinya dapat dibuat aksesoris untuk pengkait masker (b) menjadikan kerajinan tangan dari manik-manikbernilai ekonomis (c) melatih dan mendampingi ibu-ibu tentang penggunaan dan cara membuat kerajinan tangan tersebut (d) serta menciptakan toleransi dan kerukunan (modernisasi beragama) terhadap masyarakat di Hadimulyo Metro Pusat
Dampak Pinjaman Bank Thithil pada Ekonomi Rumah Tangga W
Authors: Futaqi Faruq Ahmad , Susanti Liana Dewi
Published: February 2023

Pinjaman sistem rentenir harian (bank thithil) sangat berkembang pesat di masyarakat. Pinjaman ini diminati oleh masyarakat karena kemudahannya. Sekaligus nilai pinjaman yang tidak besar secara nominal rupiah. Ratusan ribu sampai dengan maksimal dua juta rupiah. Namun, pinjaman ini mengandung bunga yang tinggi dan destruktif. Utamanya bagi ekonomi rumah tangga kecil. W adalah seorang wanita guru salah satu korban rentenir harian. Dia memiliki 39 pinjaman rente bank thithil harian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguraikan bagaimana W pada akhirnya menjadi korban pinjaman bank thithil dan bagaimana pinjaman bank thithil merusak ekonomi rumah tangga W dengan cepat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan bersifat kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa W berhubungan dengan bank thithil karena penghasilan menurun dan bermaksud menggunakannya untuk kebutuhan sehari-hari sekaligus sesekali untuk mengangsur pinjamannya ke Bank. Rusaknya ekonomi rumah tangga W karena pinjamannya di bank thithil tidak bisa dihentikan, dan malah berkembang serta memicu hutang dimana-mana.
PEMBERIAN UPAH TERHADAP PEKERJA WANITA PADA UKM USAHA DAGANG ABADI DITINJAU DARI ETIKA BISNIS ISLAM
Authors: Insani Rahayu Nur , Susanti Liana Dewi , Ferdiansyah Aat
Published: February 2023

Abstrak; Upah merupakan suatu hal penting bagi karyawan yang telah bekerja. Dengan bekerja manusia dapat memenuhi kebutuhan hidup. Terdapat beberapa sistem upah yaitu Upah menurut waktu adalah upah yang ditentukan berdasarkan waktu kerja seseorang di perusahaan (Per-jam, per-hari atau per-bulan) tanpa memperhitungkan hasil pekerjaannya. Pertanyaan dalam penelitian ini yaitu bagaimana pemberian upah terhadap pekerja wanita pada UKM Usaha Dagang Abadi ditinjau dari etika bisnis Islam?. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan (field research) dengan sifat penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data yang digunakan peneliti yaitu sumber data primer dan sekunder. Sumber data primer diperoleh dari melalui wawancara kepada pemilik UKM Usaha Dagang Abadi dan pekerja UKM Usaha Dagang Abadi. Sedangkan sumber data sekunder diperoleh dari buku dan jurnal. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa di UKM Usaha Dagang Abadi di Desa Nampirejo, Kecamatan Batanghari, Kabupaten Lampung Timur pemberian jumlah upah yang diterapkan di UKM Usaha Dagang Abadi yaitu berdasarkan banyaknya hasil barang yang diperoleh tenaga kerja. Dalam pemberian upah belum semuanya sesuai dengan etika bisnis Islam yang mengenai  prinsip-prinsip etika bisnis Islam, yaitu prinsip tauhid (keesaan), keadilan (keseimbangan), kebebasan kehendak, tanggung jawab dan kejujuran.
Playing in urban green spaces according to two generations
Authors: Martins Bruno Filipe Gonçalves , Santos Lídia Machado dos
Published: February 2023

Purpose: the evolution of technology and the appearance and access to new toys, replacing popular games, in which children could observe and learn about the natural environment while playing. The present work analyses Urban Green Spaces (UGS) as play spaces. Methodology/Approach: students from the First Cycle of Basic Education were asked through an anonymous questionnaire, as well as their parents/guardians, about the use of UGS to play, in order to obtain a comparison between generations. Findings: UGS are important as spaces for playing, since they provide free space in the city and are enhancers of more popular games that promote physical exercise. In addition to enrich contact with the natural environment, the UGS also promote learning and socialization. Research Limitation/implication: More than half of the world's population lives in urban areas and it is estimated their growth, by 2050, 68% of Humans will live in cities. As cities grow and become denser, the population tends to have less contact with Urban Green Spaces, however several studies point out that UGS are a provider of health and well-being. Originality: the UGS are now important in providing a service to the inhabitants of cities, to which it is very difficult to substitute.
Previsão da composição químico-bromatológica de vagem de algaroba usando a espectroscopia no infravermelho próximo
Authors:   Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú, Fernandes Antônio Marcos Ferreira , Bomfim Marco Aurélio Delmondes ,   Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos, Santos Sueli Freitas dos ,   Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos, Gonçalves Juliete de Lima ,   Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Mota Carlos Mikael ,   Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú
Published: February 2023

Mesquite pod samples collected in Northeast Brazil were read in natura and pre-processed in NIR Perten® DA 7250 (PerkinElmer, Inc., USA), and pre-processed in NIR FOSS 5000 Nirsystem II using ISIScan® software. Reference analyzes were obtained by conventional methodologies in an animal nutrition laboratory. The reference results showed good variation in chemical composition. In the performance of the models, those developed with sample pre-processing were more efficient than those built with in natura samples. And among the instruments, Perten performed similarly to the FOSS instrument.
Embedding components of the write on race intervention in a cultural diversity course for pre-service teachers, to increase cultural humility, and the likelihood for future implementation of instructional strategies designed to improve school climate, sense of belonging, and teacher-student relationships for diverse students.
Authors:   , Coombs Nicketa
Published: February 2023

The dramatic and exponential demographic shift in the United States is more apparent in the public schools than anywhere else, further magnifying the importance of addressing and acknowledging racial and ethnic disparities in education. The increase in racial and ethnically diverse learners requires that teachers engage in Cultural Humility; a dynamic and lifelong process focusing on self-reflection and personal critique (Tervalon and Murray-Garcia, 1998), as opposed to Cultural Competence which typically suggests an end to learning or the ability to be fully proficient. Cultural Humility provides strategies and skills required to support racially and ethnically diverse students by affirming their personal identity, dignity, and cultural wealth, through instruction, and culturally responsive classroom management. Thus facilitating an inclusive, engaging, and equitable learning environment, where few behavioral problems and tensions arise (Gay, 2013). Using a pretest-posttest design across two cohorts, this study examined the effects of the Write on Race intervention on cultural competence and humility, school climate, sense of belonging and student-teacher relationship for pre-service teachers when embedded in their teacher preparation curriculum. Findings are discussed, along with implications and future directions for educators and teacher preparation programs regarding training teachers to effectively serve diverse learners.
Spatial politics and genre in the 21st century Arabic novel in English
Authors:   , Guerra Elijah
Published: February 2023

This dissertation is a study of four 21st century Arabic novels translated to English, each of which narrates a regionally specific process of state-sanctioned property theft. I argue that the authors of these novels use and subvert conventions from genres of fiction such as the Gothic, detective fiction, and science fiction to counter the logics of state power represented in each novel. The first chapter studies Abdo Khal's Tarmi bi Sharar (Throwing Sparks 2009), which uses Gothic conventions such as monstrosity and narrative frames to challenge the logic of authoritarian impunity that drives property theft in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The second chapter analyzes Raja Alem's Tawq al-Hamam (The Dove's Necklace 2010), which counters the elitist individualism at the root of conventional detective fiction with a community of detective-like characters who investigate gentrification in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. The third chapter examines Ahmed Naji's Istikhdam al-Haya (Using Life 2014) for how science fiction tropes of utopia and dystopia offer imaginative tools to rethink the logics of progress and sustainability used to justify green gentrification in Cairo, Egypt. And the fourth chapter reads Ahmed Saadawi's Frankenstein in Baghdad (2014) for how orality and polyphonic narration counter the logics of security and exceptionalism that drive the U.S. occupation of Baghdad and the Iraqi state's theft of property left behind by the displaced and the deceased.
Mathematical modeling of intoxicated risky decision-making
Authors:   , Hatz Laura
Published: February 2023

The goal of the present project was to use mathematical models of decision-making to enhance understanding of processes underlying alcohol-related risk-taking. The project aimed to (1) model alcohol effects on decision-making strategies and preference variability in sexual risk-taking, and (2) apply cognitive process models to a traditional laboratory measure of impulsivity to determine the effects of acute intoxication on processes underlying behavior. These aims were achieved using retrospective analysis of previously collected data from two individual alcohol administration studies, which are presented as distinct manuscripts. The first paper replicated a previous finding that young adults make rational hypothetical sexual decisions (Hatz et al., 2020) and demonstrated that acute alcohol intoxication does not impact the rationality of sexual decision-making. The second paper used drift diffusion models to demonstrate that acute intoxication both impairs performance on a laboratory inhibitory control task and impacts underlying cognitive processes (i.e., rate of evidence accumulation and response caution) which contribute to impaired reaction time (RT). Together, these studies identify underlying factors contributing to impulsivity and risk-taking and suggest the utility of using quantitative models in addictions research.
Enlarging the possibility space for scientific model-based explanation
Authors:   , Holmes Travis
Published: February 2023

Two prominent views in the scientific explanation literature are: (1) that scientific explanations should be ontic or track causal or constitutive relations between the explanans and explanandum; (2) Idealizations in scientific models can be either epistemically dispensable or indispensable in principle. (1) manifests in the requirements which proponents of that view hold for scientific models to be deemed explanatory. Per these advocates, scientific models must not only track causal or constitutive relations but must include some mapping from the model components to the target system. (2) represents something like the current state of play for understanding the place of idealizations in scientific models and involves the longstanding issue of intertheoretic reduction. Idealizations can either be epistemically indispensable (that is not derivable from or reducible to) the relevant micro-level theory or epistemically dispensable in principle. The following project aims to rebut both of these views, thereby seeking to enlarge the possibility space for scientific explanation. For this reason, this project gestures towards and develops new dimensions for scientific model-based explanation. Pace (1), there are many scientific models which do not track ontic or causal relations but are nevertheless explanatory. The first chapter considers a cognitive dynamical model --the HKB model of bimanual coordination-- which fails these requirements for explanation but is one which I claim can still be shown to be explanatory. This represents a promising bit of evidence which can be marshalled and directed against this commitment. Along the lines of (1), proponents of this requirement claim that scientific models must be ontic or risk facing a problematic "directionality problem." The second chapter provides a route of response for the advocate of non-ontic scientific explanations, demonstrating how this problem can be resolved along pragmatic lines. Finally, the partition of the possibility space for understanding the role of idealizations in scientific models encapsulated in (2) is challenged in the third chapter. Therein, a certain species of idealization -continuum idealizations- are discussed and a pragmatic and deflationary approach to the issue of intertheoretic reduction is argued for. These chapters all serve to demonstrate countervailing considerations which, if successful, act as important challenges for the veracity of both (1) and (2). Rather than achieving a mere refutation of these commitments, the success of this project calls for a re-imagining and enlargement of the possibility space for scientific model-based explanations.
Three essays on biofuel policies and aggregate supply curve
Authors:   , Kim Jong-Ik
Published: February 2023

The first essay investigates the impacts of Brazil's new biofuel policy, namely RenovaBio. RenovaBio aims to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the transportation sector through expansion of biofuels by requiring tradable decarbonization credits (CBIOs) associated with the GHG reductions achieved by biofuels. We model the CBIO and fuel markets using a partial equilibrium model to simulate the impacts of RenovaBio. As a result of the implementation of RenovaBio, biofuel consumption increases, and petroleum product use decreases to meet the CBIO compliance targets. Perhaps because of reduced targets during the pandemic, CBIO prices remain low, but our estimates highlight the potential for higher prices and large impacts. Results also show that RenovaBio can cause 7.2 percent of GHG abatement with an annual average compliance cost of R$ 36.3 billion. Total compliance costs are reduced if CBIO compliance targets are relaxed or there is good progress reducing biofuel carbon intensities. The second essay investigates the pass-through of the biodiesel-diesel price spread and BTC to the RIN price and estimate whether the market expectations about the reinstatement of the BTC have affected the RIN prices. The USA biodiesel tax credit (BTC) is a subsidy that could affect the cost of biofuel mandates in that country, but with uncertainty because the BTC is not continuously in place and is otherwise retroactively applicable. The biofuel mandate compliance certificate (RIN) price presumably depends on the price of fuels, such as biodiesel and diesel, as well as the BTC. Our estimated results shows that market participants' responses to the uncertainty of BTC might be different across time. These results could raise questions about whether an inconsistently applied BTC in the context of a blend mandate encourages biofuel expansion. The last essay develops aggregate supply response of Korean rice farms from the results of farm-level estimation. We first estimate supply components using detailed farm-level data. The farming area, land productivity, and farm exit are examined to see how those components are affected by the rice price and other determinants. We also estimate the debt-to-asset ratio that could influence farming area and farm exit. Then, we simulate the short- and long-run supply curves implied by aggregating farm-level responses to price changes. Given the price changes in our simulations, the price elasticities of Korean rice production are between 1.00-1.79 in the short run and 1.57-2.77 in the long run. The decomposed aggregate supply response into its three components shows that supply response might be under-estimated when we focus on only a component of total supply.
A rare event classification in the advanced manufacturing system: focused on imbalanced datasets
Authors:   , Lee Wonjae
Published: February 2023

In many industrial applications, classification tasks are often associated with imbalanced class labels in training datasets. Imbalanced datasets can severely affect the accuracy of class predictions, and thus they need to be handled by appropriate data processing before analyzing the data since most machine learning techniques assume that the input data is balanced. When this imbalance problem comes with highdimensional space, feature extraction can be applied. In Chapter 2, we present two versions of feature extraction techniques called CL-LNN and RD-LNN in a time series dataset based on the nearest neighbor combined with machine learning algorithms to detect a failure of the paper manufacturing machinery earlier than its occurrence from the multi-stream system monitoring data. The nearest neighbor is applied to each separate feature instead of the whole 61 features to address the curse of dimensionality. Also, another technique for the skewness between class labels can be solved by either oversampling minorities or downsampling majorities in class. In the chapter 3, we are seeking to find a better way of downsampling by selecting the most informative samples in the given imbalanced dataset through the active learning strategy to mitigate the effect of imbalanced class labels. The data selection for downsampling is performed by the criterion used in optimal experimental designs, from which the generalization error of the trained model is minimized in a sequential manner under the penalized logistic regression as a classification model. We also suggest that the performance is significantly improved, especially with the highly imbalanced dataset, e.g., the imbalanced ratio is greater than ten if tuning hyper-parameter and costweight method are applied to the active downsampling technique. The research is further extended to cover nonlinearity using nonparametric logistic regression, and performance-based active learning (PBAL) is proposed to enhance the performance compared to the existing ones such as D-optimality and A-optimality.