bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Resource-advantage theory: uma revisão da literatura
Authors: Rossi Ricardo Messias , Mafud Marina Darahem
Published: January 2016

Neste artigo é realizada uma revisão de literatura com intuito de apresentar o estado da arte da Resource-Advantage Theory (R-A). Em 1995, Shelby Hunt e Robert Morgan propuseram a R-A com intuito de apresentar uma nova abordagem sobre o processo de competição em economias de mercado. Segundo a R-A, a competição é uma constante luta pela obtenção de vantagens comparativas em recursos que propiciarão uma posição de vantagem competitiva no mercado e, consequentemente, desempenho financeiro superior. Por meio da análise de 107 artigos internacionais e 28 artigos nacionais, este estudo apresenta a estrutura básica da R-A e as principais críticas e contribuições provenientes das discussões envolvendo esta teoria. Aparentemente, a escassez de estudos nacionais indica que a R-A ainda não está adequadamente disseminada na comunidade acadêmica brasileira. Este estudo conclui que o gerenciamento de recursos das organizações pode ser realizado com base nos atributos que geram valor para a oferta.
Características do comportamento empreendedor durante o insucesso
Authors: Scherer Isabel Bohrer , Minello Italo Fernando
Published: January 2016

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar o comportamento resiliente e os estilos de enfrentamento de empreendedores durante o insucesso empresarial. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como qualitativa, exploratória, baseada em pesquisa empírica. Adotou-se a entrevista semiestruturada como instrumento de coleta de dados, que foi realizada com 13 empreendedores paulistas que vivenciaram o insucesso empresarial. A análise dos dados foi a partir da aplicação da Escala de Funcionamento Defensivo e da técnica de análise de conteúdo. Como resultados constatou-se que os estilos de enfrentamento mais utilizados foram identificação projetiva, atuação e afiliação, o que significa que o empreendedor durante o insucesso empresarial projeta a outro a responsabilidade pelo seu fracasso, age sem o devido planejamento ou reflexão, porém, busca ajuda para minimizar tal situação; além disso, encontrou-se o estigma do fracasso, a aliança ou apoio externo, a perturbação emocional e os aspectos econômicos, como as principais repercussões do fracasso empresarial.
O artigo "Atitude empreendedora de proprietários visionários e funcionários visionistas" foi despublicado da edição deste periódico por estar em desacordo com as normas publicadas em nossas "Políticas de Seção".
Authors: Siqueira Wender Rodrigues , Peghini Patrícia , Oliveira Filho João Bento , Souza Lionardo Dias
Published: January 2016

O artigo "Atitude empreendedora de proprietários visionários e funcionários visionistas" foi despublicado da edição deste periódico por estar em desacordo com as normas publicadas em nossas "Políticas de Seção":  Artigos/Papers Essa seção recebe textos originais que ainda não tenham sido publicados em outros periódicos.This section receives original texts that have not been published elsewhere.
Gerenciamento de projetos em micro e pequenas empresas
Authors: Martens Cristina Dai Prá , Belfort Ana Claudia , Carneiro Karoline Doro Alves , Martens Mauro Luiz
Published: January 2016

Esta pesquisa objetivou analisar o gerenciamento de projetos (GP) em micro e pequenas empresas (MPEs) de software à luz das áreas de conhecimento em GP. Para tanto, foi conduzida uma survey, de caráter descritivo, em 54 MPEs de software brasileiras. Os dados foram coletados por meio de aplicação de questionário eletrônico com gestores de projetos e dirigentes das empresas. A análise de dados foi realizada utilizando-se de estatística descritiva. Os resultados apontam que de maneira geral as MPEs do setor estudado utilizam o GP e respectivos processos das áreas de conhecimento, especialmente nas empresas com estrutura matricial. Alguns processos em GP destacam-se com maior incidência em empresas com menores quadros de colaboradores do que em empresas com maiores quadros, o que sugere a influência do empreendedor ou dirigente das MPEs no gerenciamento e resultados dos projetos. Contribuições teóricas e práticas são apresentadas para MPEs, GP e empresas de software.
Accession to the Eurozone as Lithuania’s exit strategy from the currency board system
Authors: Żuchowska Dorota
Published: January 2016

In the years 2004-2014 the Lithuania’s exchange rate policy was based on a rigid currency board system. After a period of uncontested success in the fight against inflation in the first decade of the transition and economic growth, entering the ERM II in 2004 and efforts to adopt the euro were treated as an optimal exit strategy from the currency board system. However, the consequences of this exchange rate system in the following years (until 2014) prevented Lithuania from meeting the economic convergence criteria. The starting point for the research is based on the theoretical analysis of literature studying benefits and risks associated with the use of the currency board system by the monetary authorities. The empirical analysis refers to the case of Lithuania and covers the years 2004-2014. The purpose of this analysis is to look at the effects of the use of the currency board system from the perspective of the convergence criteria of monetary nature and the extent of their implementation in the absence of opportunities for autonomous monetary policy.
Unemployment and labor market policy in Visegrad Group countries
Authors: Zieliński Mariusz
Published: January 2016

In the recent years, an economic crisis has appeared in most economies. It affected the labor market situation. This article refers to the changes in the labor markets of the Visegrad Group countries. The analysis concerns the relations between the economic crisis, the level and structure of unemployment (taking into account the situation of women and young people as the groups strongly exposed to unemployment), and the level and structure of expenditures within the labor market policy. The article is based on the data published by Eurostat, using the tools of descriptive statistics, and statistical indexes, in particular. The research period covers the years 2007-2012, which is dictated by the availability of comparable statistical data. An analysis of the data indicates that the economic crisis increased the economic activity of the population, which contributed to an increase in unemployment. There is no discrimination against women in the labor market, but there has been a serious increase in unemployment among young people. With the increase in unemployment, the expenditures on the total labor market policy have increased, as have those on passive labor market policies and labor market service. Expenditures on active labor market policies (ALMPs) grow relatively more slowly, which may be especially evident in the case of expenditure on training.
Shared decision making for patients living with inflammatory arthritis
Authors: Palmer Deborah , Miedany Yasser El
Published: January 2016

Providing adequate care for people with inflammatory arthritis is an ongoing challenge. In recent years significant progress has been made in the treatment of inflammatory arthritic conditions. The availability of a wide range of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs as well as biologic therapies has not only improved treatment, but also made treatment decisions much more complex. This wider range of improved treatment options happened at the same time as a clear move towards patient-centred care and implementing shared decision making for both medical and surgical conditions. Implementing shared decision making has been reported to be associated with higher satisfaction and better adherence to therapy. Electronic shared decision making has more recently been suggested as a tool for clinical practice. The aim of this article is to look at further integrating shared decision making in standard rheumatology practice in view of the available evidence and the outcomes of a study looking at a recently developed patient shared decision guide.
Standards for driving and implications for people with diabetes
Authors: Griffith Richard
Published: January 2016

Richard Griffith, Senior Lecturer in Health Law at Swansea University, discusses the legal standards for driving imposed on individuals with diabetes, and sets out the likely consequences of failing to comply with those standards
Funding nurse education in a climate of austerity
Authors: Glasper Alan
Published: January 2016

Emeritus Professor Alan Glasper, from the University of Southampton, discusses the Government's plan to increase health professional student numbers, which is also linked to the abolition of student nurse bursaries
From staff nurse to nurse consultant
Authors: Fowler John
Published: January 2016

John Fowler, independent education consultant, continues his series for clinical nurses hoping to share their experiences with a wider audience, with advice on developing a potential article for a professional journal
Calling into question the current NHS approach to patient safety: continued
Authors: Tingle John
Published: January 2016

In the second part of a two-part article, John Tingle, Reader in Health Law at Nottingham Trent University, discusses the Health Foundation's recent report into changing the NHS's approach to patient safety
Tapestry of a clinician: Blending Authentic Movement and the Internal Family Systems model
Authors: Cahill Susan
Published: January 2016

The intention in this article is to weave together the work of the Internal Family Systems model (IFS) and Authentic Movement (AM) for high functioning clients in clinical private practice. This article explores how IFS and AM with a dance/movement therapy foundation can compliment each other and offer a way for the body to participate in healing. This article also highlights how neuroscience supports the role and effectiveness of body-centred approaches on developing a sense of well being in mind and body.
To the bones – and through: The Discipline of Authentic Movement and voice work
Authors: Halstrup Irmgard
Published: January 2016

In this article I explore some ideas that are central to my work, which is based in the Discipline of Authentic Movement, Janet Adler’s approach to the practice of Authentic Movement. A short introduction to the Discipline of Authentic Movement is followed by some of the many dimensions of sounds and sounding. Particular consideration is given to the ever-present question of sounding in relation to the group. Examples are included of participants’ experiences as movers and witnesses, as well as considerations from the teacher’s point of view to enable helpful structures regarding group work. Special groups are described for working with voice and sounding, as one way of practising the Discipline of Authentic Movement.
A HARDWARE-IN-THE-LOOP SIMULATOR BASED ON REAL SKODA SUPERB VEHICLE AND RT-LAB/CARSIM
Authors: Biroš Milan , Kyslan Karol , Ďurovský František
Published: January 2016

This paper describes the design and realization of a hardware-in-the-loop simulator made from a real Skoda Superb vehicle. A combination of RT-LAB and CarSim software is used for real-time control and for handling the sensoric subsystems. The simulator provides almost realistic testing of driving cycles with on-line visualization. This unique device can be used in various fields of research.
OPERATING SPECIFICATIONS OF CATALYTIC CLEANING OF GAS FROM BIOMASS GASIFICATION
Authors: Lisý Martin , Baláš Marek , Špiláček Michal , Skála Zdeněk
Published: January 2016

The paper focuses on the theoretical description of the cleaning of syngas from biomass and waste gasification using catalytic methods, and on the verification of the theory through experiments. The main obstruction to using syngas from fluid gasification of organic matter is the presence of various high-boiling point hydrocarbons (i.e., tar) in the gas. The elimination of tar from the gas is a key factor in subsequent use of the gas in other technologies for cogeneration of electrical energy and heat. The application of a natural or artificial catalyst for catalytic destruction of tar is one of the methods of secondary elimination of tar from syngas. In our experiments, we used a natural catalyst (dolomite or calcium magnesium carbonate) from Horní Lánov with great mechanical and catalytic properties, suitable for our purposes. The advantages of natural catalysts in contrast to artificial catalysts include their availability, low purchase prices and higher resilience to the so-called catalyst poison. Natural calcium catalysts may also capture undesired compounds of sulphure and chlorine. Our paper presents a theoretical description and analysis of catalytic destruction of tar into combustible gas components, and of the impact of dolomite calcination on its efficiency. The efficiency of the technology is verified in laboratories. The facility used for verification was a 150 kW pilot gasification unit with a laboratory catalytic filter. The efficiency of tar elimination reached 99.5%, the tar concentration complied with limits for use of the gas in combustion engines, and the tar content reached approximately 35 mg/mn3. The results of the measurements conducted in laboratories helped us design a pilot technology for catalytic gas cleaning.
AN INTERPOLATION METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE FREQUENCIES OF PARAMETERIZED LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURES
Authors: Nasisi Salvatore , Valášek Michael , Vampola Tomáš
Published: January 2016

Parametric Model Order Reduction (pMOR) is an emerging category of models developed with the aim of describing reduced first and second-order dynamical systems. The use of a pROM turns out useful in a variety of applications spanning from the analysis of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) to the optimization of complex mechanical systems because they allow predicting the dynamical behavior at any values of the quantities of interest within the design space, e.g. material properties, geometric features or loading conditions. The process underlying the construction of a pROM using an SVD-based method [18] accounts for three basic phases: a) construction of several local ROMs (Reduced Order Models); b) projection of the state-space vector onto a common subspace spanned by several transformation matrices derived in the first step; c) use of an interpolation method capable of capturing for one or more parameters the values of the quantity of interest. One of the major difficulties encountered in this process has been identified at the level of the interpolation method and can be encapsulated in the following contradiction: if the number of detailed finite element analyses is high then an interpolation method can better describe the system for a given choice of a parameter but the time of computation is higher. In this paper is proposed a method for removing the above contradiction by introducing a new interpolation method (RSDM). This method allows to restore and make available to the interpolation tool certain natural components belonging to the matrices of the full FE model that are related on one side, to the process of reduction and on the other side, to the characteristics of a solid in the FE theory. This approach shows higher accuracy than methods used for the assessment of the system’s eigenbehavior. To confirm the usefulness of the RSDM a Hexapod will be analyzed.
Análise da interação proteica na evolução do câncer
Authors: Rauber Rodrigues Luiz Henrique , Bugs C A , Simão E M
Published: January 2016

A ativação das vias dos mecanismos de manutenção do genoma (MMG), tais como: ciclo celular (CC), resposta ao dano no DNA (RDD) e apoptose (APO), contribuem significativamente para o desenvolvimento tumoral. Em estudos anteriores, foram verificados em processos pré-cancerosos há ativação de uma barreira anti-câncer, que é responsável pela prevenção da progressão tumoral. A identificação dos genes expressos durante a ativação da barreira anti-câncer, associadas com as interações nas vias MMG, tornam-se uma complementariedade ao estudo da evolução do câncer. Neste trabalho, o objetivo foi investigar a ativação dos genes das vias MMG em pré-câncer da glândula adrenal, cólon, pâncreas e folículos da tireoide, usando redes de interação entre proteínas. Para descrever este estudo foi proposta a modelagem das redes de interação entre as proteínas das vias MMG usando o software Cytoscape. Os resultados obtidos com os genes destacados em expressão e quantidade de interações foram comparados com os resultados de publicações anteriores e reconfirmaram a relevância dos genes CDKN1A, CHEK1, ATR, TP53, MRE11A e XRCC4. A análise por vias permitiu a identificação de outros genes complementares aos trabalhos anteriores, como os genes SKP2, CCNO, FADD, RAD50, NBN, BIRC3, CDK2 e XRCC6. Estes genes estão associados e complementam os estudos sobre a ativação da barreira anti-câncer. Estas considerações realçam a importância de observar todo o contexto biológico sistêmico e imersivo.
Virtual Sound Localization by Blind People
Authors: Dunai Larisa , Lengua Ismael , Peris-Fajarnés Guillermo , Brusola Fernando
Published: January 2016

The paper demonstrates that blind people localize sounds more accurately than sighted people by using monaural and/or binaural cues.

In the experiment, blind people participated in two tests; the first one took place in the laboratory and the second one in the real environment under different noise conditions. A simple click sound was employed and processed with non-individual head related transfer functions. The sounds were delivered by a system with a maximum azimuth of 32° to the left side and 32° to the right side of the participant’s head at a distance ranging from 0.3 m up to 5 m.

The present paper describes the experimental methods and results of virtual sound localization by blind people through the use of a simple electronic travel aid based on an infrared laser pulse and the time of flight distance measurement principle. The lack of vision is often compensated by other perceptual abilities, such as the tactile or hearing ability.

The results show that blind people easily perceive and localize binaural sounds and assimilate them with sounds from the environment.
Is a Multi-Slider Interface Layout Responsible for a Stimulus Spacing Bias in the MUSHRA Test?
Authors: Zieliński Sławomir
Published: January 2016

The multi-stimulus test with hidden reference and anchors (MUSHRA) is commonly used for subjective quality assessment of audio systems. Despite its wide acceptance in scientific and industrial sectors, the method is not free from bias. One possible source of bias in the MUSHRA method may be attributed to a graphical design of its user interface. This paper examines the hypothesis that replacement of the standard multi-slider layout with a single-slider version could reduce a stimulus spacing bias observed in the MUSHRA test. Contrary to the expectation, the aforementioned modification did not reduce the bias. This outcome formally supports the validity of using multiple sliders in the MUSHRA graphical interface.
Orpheus in the Underground
Authors: Puskás Dániel
Published: January 2016

In my study I deal with descents to the underworld and hell in literature in the 20th century and in contemporary literature. I will focus on modem literary reinterpretations of the myth of Orpheus, starting with Rilke’s Orpheus. Eurydice. Hermes. In Seamus Heaney’s The Underground. in the Hungarian Istvan Baka’s Descending to the Underground of Moscow and in Czesław Miłosz’s Orpheus and Eurydice underworld appears as underground, similarly to the contemporary Hungarian János Térey’s play entitled Jeramiah. where underground will also be a metaphorical underworld which is populated with the ghosts of the famous deceased people of Debrecen, and finally, in Péter Kárpáti’s Everywoman the grave of the final scene of the medieval Everyman will be replaced with a contemporary underground station. I analyse how an underground station could be parallel with the underworld and I deal with the role of musicality and sounds in the literary works based on the myth of Orpheus.
Homeward Journey through Poetry: Wallace Stevens’s The Poem that Took the Place of a Mountain
Authors: Prohászka-Rád Boróka
Published: January 2016

Analyzing Stevens’s 1952 The Poem that Took the Place of a Mountain I trace the laborious journey the persona of the poem undertakes - an external as well as an internal adventure - transforming thus the world into a possible home. I show how the poem - through its self-reflexive nature and complex system of interwoven external and internal images and circular movements - may offer the persona a sense of self and home in space and time among the fragments of the broken universe.
The Image of the East-Central European in Rose Tremain’s The Road Home
Authors: Harasztos Ágnes
Published: January 2016

In Rose Tremain’s The Road Home, the culture clash of the British and the East-Central European is portrayed through a complex symbolism centred on images of food, consumption and waste. This literary representation may shed light on British literary auto-images, as well as hetero-images of the Eastern European immigrant. The novel’s presentation of this culture shock is defined by the cultural historical and economic circumstances of the parties. Food and material provide the symbolic sphere where the relationship between Britain and East-Central Europe is characterized in terms of capitalist worldview as opposed to a post-communist existence. William Shakespeare’s Hamlet is the most important intertext for Tremain’s novel. Hamlet is obsessed with the vulnerability of material in light of the spiritual value attached to it in the form of human soul. Stephen Greenblatt’s ideas on food, waste and the Christian belief in divine existence residing in material objects - ideas that originate in early modern times - shed light on the motif of material and food in The Road Home. Seen through the symbolism of food and the idea of differing values being attached to matter, the narrative identity of Lev, the protagonist of Tremain’s work, experiences drastic change due to his encounter with the capitalist, British ‘other’.
The Question of Identity in Gary Shteyngart’s Little Failure
Authors: Maior Enikő
Published: January 2016

In my paper I want to deal with the question of identity and Gary Shteyngart’s last novel, Little Failure (2014). The novel is a memoir that deals with young Gary’s struggle as an individual of Russian Jewish origins trying to accommodate himself to the American way of life. America with its multicultural and multiethnic environment puts the immigrant Gary in a very sensitive position. He does not know how to deal with African Americans; shall he avoid them or rim away? Shall he befriend Asian colleagues or not? Are Jewish friends more valuable than others? These are the questions that Gary Shteyngart has to answer and find his own voice. The protagonist of the novel under discussion tries to find his identity which is in continuous change. He tries to figure out in a world filled with cultural, racial and urban conflicts his own identity from the perspective of a former immigrant and as a member of a minority group. The task of my paper is to show how the question of identity has changed and what solution Shteyngart’s novel can offer for the protagonist in the process of identity formation.
Understanding Jerusalem and its Cross-Cultural Dilemmas in Guy Delisle’s Jerusalem: Chronicles From the Holy City
Authors: Gavrilă Ana-Maria
Published: January 2016

Guy Delisle’s Jerusalem: Chronicles from the Holy City (2011) is a nonfictional graphic novel which narrates the experiences during a year that the Canadian artist and his family spent living far from home, in the occasionally dangerous and perilous city of the ancient Middle East. Part humorous memoir filled with “the logistics of everyday life,” part an inquisitive and sharp-eyed travelogue, Jerusalem is interspersed with enthralling lessons on the history of the region, together with vignettes of brief strips of Delisle’s encounters with expatriates and locals, with Jewish, Muslim, and Christian communities in and around the city, with Bedouins, Israeli and Palestinians. Since the comic strip is considered amongst the privileged genres able to disseminate stereotypes, Jerusalem tackles cultural as well as physical barriers, delimiting between domestic and foreign space, while revealing the historical context of the Israeli-Palestinian present conflict. Using this idea as a point of departure, I employ an imagological method of interpretation to address cross-cultural confusions in analysing the cartoonist’s travelogue as discourse of representation and ways of understanding cultural transmission, paying attention to the genre’s convention, where Delisle’s drawing style fits nicely the narrative techniques employed. Through an imagological perspective, I will also pay attention to the interaction between cultures and the dynamics between the images which characterise the Other (the nationalities represented or the spected) and those which characterise - not without a sense of irony - his own identity (self-portraits or auto-images). I shall take into account throughout my analysis that the source of this graphic memoir is inevitably a subjective one: even though Delisle professes an unbiased mind-set from the very beginning, the comic is at times coloured by his secular views. Delisle’s book is a dark, yet gentle comedy, and his wife’s job at the Doctors Without Borders paired with his personal experiences are paradoxically a gentle reminder that “There’ll always be borders.” In sum, the comic medium brings a sense of novelty to the imagological and hermeneutic conception of the interpretation of cultural and national stereotypes and/or otherness in artistic and literary works.
Potential Ambiguity Translation Performances within Legal Language Institutional Nomenclature
Authors: Oţăt Diana
Published: January 2016

Motivated by a paradoxical corollary of ambiguities in legal documents and especially in contract texts, the current paper underpins a dichotomy approach to unintended ambiguities aiming to establish a referential framework for the occurrence rate of translation ambiguities within the legal language nomenclature. The research focus is on a twofold situation since ambiguities may. on the one hand, arise dining the translation process, generated by the translator’s lack of competence, i.e. inadequate use of English regarding the special nature of legal language, or. on the other hand, they may be simply transferred from the source language into the target language without even noticing the potential ambiguous situation, i.e. culture-bound ambiguities. Hence, the paper proposes a contrastive analysis in order to localize the occurrence of lexical, structural, and socio-cultural ambiguities triggered by the use of the term performance and its Romanian equivalents in a number of sales contracts.
A Hungarian Writer’s Experience of the Mediterranean: On Ferenc Herczeg’s Szelek Szárnyán Travelogue/ Ship's Log
Authors: Bence Erika , Németh Ferenc
Published: January 2016

One of the works of the much disputed and until recently often avoided oeuvre of Herczeg Ferenc is the attention-grabbing work entitled Szelek szárnyán [On the Wings of the Wind] (1905). a travelogue and a ship’s Jog. Its analysis casts another view on the life of this writer, bom in South Banat. who. at the beginning of the 20th century, sailed the Adriatic and the Mediterranean with his nephew in his sailing boat called Sirály (The Seagull) - thus demonstrating and choosing a secessionist lifestyle, even abandoning Budapest -, and his inspiration by the sea reached a peak in this volume (Secessionist in every sense, advertising the beauties and values of the Adriatic). This prose work was created in the context of Rijeka, Zadar, Sibenik. Trogir, Split, Dubrovnik, and Boka Kotorska. which (apart from its Secessionist character), owing to its cross-artistic and multicultural features, blends various art forms and ways of expression. It gives a superb experience to the reader. The study interprets and analyses Ferenc Herczeg’s volume Szelek szárnyán as a complex genre created in a cross-artistic environment, with the objective to emphasize and present its special role and standing in Hungarian literature as well as in the field of fine and applied arts.
Technology-Based Projects in Medical English
Authors: Pop Anişoara , Crişan Raluca
Published: January 2016

The paper presents empirical results of applying asynchronous writing and speaking tools in Medical English learning (ME). Class-size Voice-Thread and Blogger-based non-mandatory projects were conducted with general and dental medicine students in two consecutive years for one semester each, with significantly improved outcomes in terms of extension of the writing and speaking time in the target language, motivation and engagement levels as well as confidence and awareness of one’s competence.
Translation in ESL Classes
Authors: Nagy Imola Katalin
Published: January 2016

The problem of translation in foreign language classes cannot be dealt with unless we attempt to make an overview of what translation meant for language teaching in different periods of language pedagogy. From the translation-oriented grammar-translation method through the complete ban on translation and mother tongue during the times of the audio-lingual approaches, we have come today to reconsider the role and status of translation in ESL classes. This article attempts to advocate for translation as a useful ESL class activity, which can completely fulfil the requirements of communicativeness. We also attempt to identify some activities and games, which rely on translation in some books published in the 1990s and the 2000s.
Cultural and Specialized Skills of a Subtitler
Authors: Imre Attila
Published: January 2016

The article offers a practical approach to the skills a present-day translator needs in order to create high-quality translations. Although a lot of theories can be found regarding the skills of a translator, it is worth checking the reality, which is the primary aim of this article. After a short introduction about the standard skills, we look into the subtitling of an episode from a TV series. Our presupposition is that a subtitler has to combine all sorts of information from different fields effectively in order to maintain quality, including general and specific knowledge of the subject matter. Furthermore, the particular environment of subtitling may contain certain pitfalls, such as the technical know-how. layout, and constraints deriving from the nature of subtitling. We can draw the conclusion that a well-prepared translator can successfully handle the technical challenges of multimedia translation of whatsoever type.
Born or Made? An Overview of the Social Status and Professional Training of Hungarian Interpreters in Romania
Authors: Fazakas Noemi , Sarosi-Mardirosz Krisztina
Published: January 2016

There is a recurrent debate in the scholarly literature on interpreting studies: are interpreters made or bom? While classical interpreting schools state that great interpreters are bom and that formation and development is of a secondary importance, the newest publications on this topic place a much greater stress on the formation and development of interpreting abilities, skills, and competences. The latest results also challenge several ideas and stereotypes concerning the personality and attitudes of interpreters. This article outlines the position and situation regarding Hungarian interpreters in Romania with a special regard to the legal framework, and to the present state of professional training. The study also discusses why interpreters of Hungarian are much more likely to be bom in Romania, and not made, (a factor that hinders the professionalization of Hungarian interpreters in Romania). Equally significant are the legislative loopholes which enable untrained individuals to perform interpreting activities (even economic activities), the result of which is a significantly poorer image of the profession, and a lowering of the quality of work it produces. We also give a short overview of the translation and interpreting programmes. As the majority of the Hungarian population in Romania reside in Transylvania, we confine our overview to Transylvanian universities.
Die Welt des Detmolder Hoftheaters – erschlossen mit MEI und TEI
Authors: Capelle Irmlind , Richts Kristina
Published: January 2016

Die Lippische Landesbibliothek Detmold verfügt über eine bedeutende Musiksammlung, in der die Aufführungsmaterialien des Hoftheaters (1825–1875) und die dazugehörigen Theaterakten eine herausragende Stellung einnehmen. Der Beitrag beschreibt den Bestand und erläutert die seit 2014 erprobte kontextuelle Tiefenerschließung mit den neuen Datenstandards MEI und TEI. Die Herausforderung für diese neue Form der Erschließung liegt in der Verbindung inhaltlicher Quellenbeschreibungen innerhalb der Metadaten mit Incipits und aufbereiteten Digitalisaten und in der Verknüpfung der Erfassung unterschiedlicher Quellentypen (Aufführungsmaterialien und Akten).
Erschließung, Digitalisierung und Internetpräsentation im Projekt „Die Notenbestände der Dresdner Hofkirche und der Königlichen Privat-Musikaliensammlung aus der Zeit der sächsisch-polnischen Union“ der SLUB Dresden
Authors: Eichholz Nina
Published: January 2016

Gegenstand des jüngsten musikbezogenen DFG-Projekts der SLUB Dresden sind die überlieferten Notenbestände der Dresdner Hofkirche und der Königlichen Privat-Musikaliensammlung aus der Zeit der sächsisch-polnischen Union (1697–1763). Die 1.500 Musikalien werden zunächst umfassend mit Angaben zu Kopisten, Wasserzeichen und Provenienzen sowie durch zahlreiche Incipits für die RISM-Online-Datenbank erschlossen. Ein mehrschrittiger Workflow führt schließlich zur Volldigitalisierung der Bestände. Auf diese Weise wird für die musikalische Praxis wie Forschung eine effektive Infrastruktur zur Beschäftigung mit den Quellen der international bedeutenden Sammlungen geschaffen.
„Laboratorium Musikbibliothek“
Authors: Buerke Heinrike , Schugardt Michael
Published: January 2016

Der Auftrag zur Angebots- und Strukturveränderung hat in der Abteilung Musik & Tanz der Zentralbibliothek der Hamburger Öffentlichen Bücherhallen in den letzten drei Jahren zu Innovationen in den Bereichen Team, Organisation, Etat sowie in der musik- und medienpädagogischen Programmarbeit geführt. 1,5 bibliothekarische Stellen wurden im gleichen Umfang in musikpädagogische Stellen umgewandelt, wodurch sich neue Möglichkeiten der professionellen Programmarbeit, Musik aktiv und lebendig zu vermitteln, ergeben. Begleitet wird die interne Organisationsumstellung von einer räumlichen Neuorientierung. Neben den Medien ziehen auch eine kleine Bühne mit Licht- und Tontechnik, iPads zum Musizieren mit Apps, Musiksoftware-Plätze und ein Workshop-Room ein. Etliche Möbel werden variabel gestaltet und sind flexibel einsetzbar. Die Abteilung übernimmt die Laborfunktion für neue Formate in diversen Ausprägungen.
Concessions and Repression in Conflict
Authors: Ishihara Akifumi , Singh Prakarsh
Published: January 2016

We build a model for predicting civil wars where the government bargains with a rebel group using concessions and repression. The equilibrium is either a state of perpetual peace where there are concessions but no repression or a state of repressive equilibrium that can lead to civil wars. At the lowest levels of political competition, a move towards open electoral participation decreases the ability of the state to use repression to limit challengers, increasing the likelihood of war. At higher levels, an increase in competition decreases the probability of war by increasing concessions to the rebel group. Increasing concessions makes war less likely because it decreases the spoils of war and provides one explanation for the non-monotonicity found between probability of civil war and democracy. We test the prediction of this non-linearity using the technique in [Hansen (2000). “Sample Splitting and Threshold Estimation.” Econometrica 68:575–603] and find evidence consistent with the model.
Changes in the groundwater quality of the main useful aquifer as a result of the hazard of nitrates from agricultural sources
Authors: Zabłocki Sebastian
Published: January 2016

The article presents the results of research, conducted in central Poland, where agriculture is the dominant type of land use. This activity is considered as a common potential hazard to groundwater quality because of the use of nitrate fertilizers, especially for small groundwater intakes used for the purpose of rural water supply. For this kind of intake seven scenarios of groundwater quality hazard were elaborated based on the results of the hydrodynamic modelling research in this area including the following: calculation of volume and time of leakage through the aquitard formations to the main useful aquifer, verification of the indirect protection zone and definition of the size of the well capture zone. The scenarios considered the current groundwater quality hazard as well as changes in agricultural land use or changes in fertilizer doses needed to decrease groundwater hazard by nitrates in the intake.
The Effect of Different Recovery Duration on Repeated Anaerobic Performance in Elite Cyclists
Authors: Harbili Sultan
Published: January 2016

This study investigated the effect of recovery duration on repeated anaerobic performance in elite cyclists. The study followed a cross-over design protocol. Twelve elite male cyclists were randomly assigned to three groups (with recovery duration of 1, 2 and 3 min, respectively). All the subjects performed 4 repeated Wingate tests (4 × 30 s WT) at 48 h intervals for three different recovery periods. No significant interaction was observed between the effects of recovery duration and repetition (p>0.05), whereas there was a significant main effect of repetition on peak power, mean power, and a fatigue index (p<0.05). Peak power decreased significantly in repeated WTs with 1 and with 2 min recovery duration (p<0.05), but it did not change significantly in a repeated WT with 3 min recovery (p>0.05). In contrast, mean power decreased significantly in repeated WTs with 1, 2 and 3 min recovery duration (p<0.05). The fatigue index increased significantly in a repeated WT with 1 min recovery duration (p<0.05), but no significant difference was observed in the fatigue index in repeated WTs with 2 and 3 min recovery (p>0.05). In a 4 × 30 s WT, peak power decreased in cycles with 1 and 2 min recovery duration, but remained unchanged with 3 min recovery duration, whereas mean power decreased in all recovery duration procedures. The WT with 1 min recovery duration caused greater fatigue. Although recovery duration affected both peak power and mean power, the effect on peak power was greater.
Imaginal and ovicidal effect of some insecticides against Bruchus pisorum L. (Coleoptera: Chrisomelidae)
Authors: Nikolova I. M.
Published: January 2016

Trials were conducted in 2011 and 2012 at the Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven, Bulgaria, in order to study the imaginal and possible ovicidal effect of some insecticides against Bruchus pisorum under field conditions. Treatments with insecticides were started after the appearance of the first pea weevils eggs on pods located on the bottom two nodes. It was found that treatment with acetamiprid; thiacloprid; thiacloprid+deltamethrin; 50 g cypermethrin+480 g chlorpyrifosethyl, 50 g cypermethrin+500 g chlorpyrifosethyl and zeta-cypermethrin resulted in the cessation of additional oviposition on the lower nodes by Bruchus pisorum, due to the toxic effect of the insecticides on the pea weevil. It was found that spraying with acetamiprid and zeta-cypermethrin was the most effective. These insecticides significantly reduced the proportion of infected pods in comparison with the proportion of pods with eggs before the treatment by 30.2 and 27.4% and by 15.8 and 24.0% in 2011 and 2012, respectively. The use of acetamiprid and zeta-cypermethrin was also associated with the lowest percentage of infected seeds (21.7 and 23.6%, respectively), with the lowest percentage of infected seed in infected pods (40.5 and 42.5%, respectively) and the highest weight of 1000 infected seeds (161.94 and 182.04 g, respectively). It was concluded that the management of pea weevils in the crop with acetamiprid and zetacypermethrin can lead to satisfactory results when spray timing is chosen when the first eggs are visible.
On the Road!? Developing Economy and Nonprofit Organizations in Taiwan
Authors: Kákai László
Published: January 2016

The development of the nonprofit sector of a country can be assessed by several methods. We may begin by introducing the numeric data and finish by speaking of their social embedment. We may analyse their presence in the economy, the labour market or their contribution to political and social liberalization. In my study I refer to Taiwan as an example to introduce the complex presence and impact of all these processes on the development of the nonprofi t organizations in a country less known for a European researcher. With special respect to the economic and political aspects of “development”.
Abuse and Violence Against Foreign Domestic Workers. A Case from Hong Kong
Authors: Ullah Akm Ahsan
Published: January 2016

This paper explores various abuses Foreign Domestic Helpers (FDHs) or migrant domestic workers (MDW) in Hong Kong suffer and the strategies they take up to cope with this abuse. Data were collected from 215 domestic helpers (135 from the Philippines, 30 from Thailand, 41 from Indonesia, and 9 from Sri Lanka) all of whom had been in residence for at least six months. Selected by snow-balling technique, respondents were interviewed with structured and non-structured questionnaires. Research shows that sexual abuse is the most common form of abuse against MDWs followed by psychological and physical abuses. Female employers are the main perpetuators of psychological abuse while the male employers are culpable for sexual abuses. Coping strategies varied widely among the MDWs. Many of them endure the violence to keep the job; some quit the job and others struggle with the decision to stay or quit.
The Training Of Multiplicative Neuron Model Based Artificial Neural Networks With Differential Evolution Algorithm For Forecasting
Authors: Bas Eren
Published: January 2016

In recent years, artificial neural networks have been commonly used for time series forecasting by researchers from various fields. There are some types of artificial neural networks and feed forward artificial neural networks model is one of them. Although feed forward artificial neural networks gives successful forecasting results they have a basic problem. This problem is architecture selection problem. In order to eliminate this problem, Yadav et al. (2007) proposed multiplicative neuron model artificial neural network. In this study, differential evolution algorithm is proposed for the training of multiplicative neuron model for forecasting. The proposed method is applied to two well-known different real world time series data.
The Bipolar Choquet Integrals Based On Ternary-Element Sets
Authors: Abbas Jabbar
Published: January 2016

1This paper first introduces a new approach for studying bi-capacities and the bipolar Choquet integrals based on ternary-element sets. In the second half of the paper, we extend our approach to bi-capacities on fuzzy sets. Then, we propose a model of bipolar Choquet integral with respect to bi-capacities on fuzzy sets, and we give some basic properties of this model.
Aqueous extracts of avocado pear (Persea americana Mill.) leaves and seeds exhibit anti-cholinesterases and antioxidant activities in vitro
Authors: Oboh Ganiyu , Odubanjo Veronica O. , Bello Fatai , Ademosun Ayokunle O. , Oyeleye Sunday I. , Nwanna Emem E. , Ademiluyi Adedayo O.
Published: January 2016

Background: Avocado pear (Persea americana Mill.) leaves and seeds are used in traditional medicine for the treatment/management of Alzheimer disease (AD); however, information on the mechanism of actions is limited. This study sought to investigate the effect of P. americana leaf and seed aqueous extracts on some enzymes linked with AD (acetylcholinesterase [AChE] and butyrylcholinesterase [BChE] activities) and their antioxidant potentials in vitro.

Methods: The inhibitory effects of extracts on AChE and BChE activities and antioxidant potentials (inhibition of Fe2+- and sodium nitroprusside-induced thiobarbiturate reactive species [TBARS] production in rat brain homogenates, radicals [1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, hydroxyl, and nitric oxide] scavenging and iron [Fe] chelation abilities) were investigated. Phenolic content and phytochemical screening were carried out. Alkaloid profile was also determined using gas chromatography coupled with flame ionization detector (GC-FID).

Results: The extracts inhibited AChE and BChE activities and prooxidant-induced TBARS production in a dose-dependent manner, with the seed extract having the highest inhibitory effect and the leaf extract exhibiting higher phenolic content and radical scavenging abilities, but lower Fe chelation ability compared with that of the seed. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of saponins, alkaloids, and terpenoids in both extracts, whereas the total alkaloid profile was higher in the seed extract than in the leaf extract, as revealed by GC-FID.

Conclusions: The anti-cholinesterase and antioxidant activities of avocado leaf and seed could be linked to their phytoconstituents and might be the possible mechanisms underlying their use as a cheap and natural treatment/management of AD. However, these extracts should be further investigated in vivo.
Predicting the Direction of Causal Effect Based on an Instrumental Variable Analysis: A Cautionary Tale
Authors: Burgess Stephen , Small Dylan S.
Published: January 2016

An instrumental variable can be used to test the causal null hypothesis that an exposure has no causal effect on the outcome, by assessing the association between the instrumental variable and the outcome. Under additional assumptions, an instrumental variable can be used to estimate the magnitude of causal effect of the exposure on the outcome. In this paper, we investigate whether these additional assumptions are necessary in order to predict the direction of the causal effect, based on the direction of association between the instrumental variable and the outcome, or equivalently based on the standard (Wald) instrumental variable estimate. We demonstrate by counterexample that if these additional assumptions (such as monotonicity of the instrument–exposure association) are not satisfied, then the instrumental variable–outcome association can be in the opposite direction to the causal effect for all individuals in the population. Although such scenarios are unlikely, in most cases, a definite conclusion about the direction of causal effect requires similar assumptions to those required to estimate a causal effect.
Relationship between oxidative stress and blood glucose fluctuations evaluated with daily glucose monitoring in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Altıncık Ayça , Tuğlu Birsen , Demir Korcan , Çatlı Gönül , Abacı Ayhan , Böber Ece
Published: January 2016

The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between oxidative stress marker (8-iso-prostaglandine F

Thirty-one children and adolescents with T1DM (median age 12.2 years) and healthy subjects (median age 11.7 years) were enrolled into the study. Anthropometric data were recorded for the entire group before the study. In addition, diabetes duration, insulin requirement, lipid values, microalbuminuria, HbA

Median diabetes duration was 5 years, hemoglobin A

This study showed that, 8-iso-prostoglandine F
Resistance to thyroid hormone α, revelation of basic study to clinical consequences
Authors: Tang Yaling , Yu Miao , Lian Xiaolan
Published: January 2016

In the past 3 years, 15 patients with resistance to thyroid hormone α (RTHα), nine