bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peran Psikologi Pendidikan dalam Pembelajaran di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Regina Sipayung  , Patri Janson Silaban  , Nove Riski Manik  , Gabrielli Ambarita  , Siska Ginting  , Boyan Sinaga  , Rudolf Simamora
Published: October 2024

Educational psychology plays an important role in the context of learning in primary schools. Educational psychology helps teachers understand the basics of educational psychology, learning theories in psychology, and various learning methods that can be used. Educational psychology also contributes to the development of educational curriculum, student character building, and evaluation of learning outcomes.One of the relevant learning theories is cybernetic learning theory. This theory considers learning as information processing, where the information system processed and learned by students becomes more important than the learning process itself. In the context of learning in primary schools, educational psychology has several important roles. First, educational psychology helps in the development of educational curriculum. In curriculum development, educational psychology considers students' affective, cognitive, and psychomotor aspects. Educational psychology also plays a role in shaping students' character through the implementation of culture and disciplinary rules in schools.
Pengaruh Pengetahuan Sanitasi Higiene Terhadap Perilaku Higiene Siswa Kuliner SMK Negeri 1 Lamongan
Authors: Rika Aprilia  , Asrul Bahar  , Sri Handajani  , Lilis Sulandari
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of sanitation hygiene knowledge on the hygiene behavior intention of culinary students in SMK. The type of research used in this study is quantitative with an evaluative descriptive approach. Descriptive evaluative research is research conducted to investigate circumstances, conditions, situations, events, activities, and others whose results will be compared with criteria and conclusions drawn. The population of this study were X and XI grade culinary students of SMK Negeri 1 Lamongan, totaling 30 students selected using simple random sampling technique. The instrument used is a knowledge test question in the form of multiple choice of 20 questions which is used to measure the level of student knowledge and observation sheets to see student hygiene behavior at school. This study uses simple regression test analysis, the instrument is calculated using SPSS 25 and can be said to be valid if r count> 3.361. for the reliability test, the results are said to be reliable if Cronbach's Alpha> 0.60. In this study, the reliability value is 0.708. The results showed that 2 students' sanitation hygiene knowledge was in the low category (6.7%), 5 students in the moderate category (16.7%), 8 students in the good category (26.7%) and 15 students in the excellent category (50%). For hygiene behavior intention, 13 students were in the very good category with a percentage of 43.3% and there were 17 students in the good category with a percentage of 56.7%. The results showed that sanitation hygiene knowledge affects students' hygiene behavior with a large influence on the R Square value obtained of 26.5%.
Meningkatkan Kemampuan Menulis Siswa Kelas VII pada Cerita Fabel Melalui Media Gambar Berseri di SMP Negeri 3 Simpang Kiri
Authors: Erna Afrianty Tinendung
Published: October 2024

Improving fable writing for class VII students through various visual media at Simpangkiri State Middle School. Researchers used descriptive methods with Classroom Action Procedures (PTK). The survey also revealed that there were 17 grade 7 students at SMP N 3 Simpang Kiri and there were several interesting stories created by the students. The cycle results also showed that there were 17 grade 7 students at SMP N 3 Simpang Kiri whose students created several interesting fairy tales. Nine students came up with very interesting tales. Based on the assessment of the ability to write fables using visual media in Cycle II, the results showed that 12 out of 17 students wrote very interesting fables. This is proven by the assessment of teachers and researchers that these 12 students wrote fairy tales using various visual media which were very interesting and imaginative.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Media Kemasan Makanan Ringan Terhadap Kemampuan Membaca Permulaan Siswa Kelas I SD Inpres Tamattia
Authors: Sri Raldiastari  , Sitti Aida Azis  , Sri Rahayu
Published: October 2024

This type of research is experimental research in the form of Pre-Test Post Test Design, namely an experiment which in its implementation only involves one class as the experimental class without any comparison class (control class). The sampling technique used was a saturated sample, using the population as a sample, namely 20 students. Data collection techniques in this research used tests and observation. The data analysis used is descriptive data analysis and inferential data analysis. The results of inferential statistical analysis using the t-test formula show that the t value obtained is 10.52 with a frequency of dk = 20-1 = 19, at a significance level of 0.05, t table = 1.729. So, tcount > ttable or the null hypothesis (H0) is rejected and the alternative hypothesis (H1) is accepted. This means that the use of snack packaging media influences initial reading ability in class I Indonesian language subjects at SD Inpres Tamattia, West Bajeng District, Gowa Regency.
Problems, Challenges and Prospects In Integrating ICT In English Language Teaching: Bangladesh Perspective
Authors: Talukder Md. Jobaar , Liton Baron Sikder
Published: October 2024

This research paper explores the integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in English Language Teaching (ELT) within the context of Bangladesh. The study delves into the various problems and challenges that educators face while incorporating ICT tools into ELT practices. It examines factors such as limited access to technology, inadequate digital literacy among teachers and students, and infrastructural constraints. The paper also highlights the potential benefits and prospects of utilizing ICT in ELT, including enhanced engagement, interactive learning opportunities, and exposure to authentic language resources. Drawing on qualitative data, the research aims to provide insights into the current status of ICT integration in ELT, shedding light on both barriers and opportunities. This analysis offers recommendations for addressing challenges and maximizing the benefits of ICT integration, thereby contributing to the improvement of English language education in Bangladesh's educational landscape.
Analisis Kesulitan Belajar Matematika Materi Aljabar, Persamaan Linier, Perbandingan Senilai dan Tak Senilai, Bangun Datar, dan Bangun Ruang Siswa Kelas VII UPT SMPN 35 Medan
Authors: Nabila Rizki Aprilia  , Ila Nazila  , Miftah Kurnia Arfah Pulungan  , Elsa Nandita
Published: October 2024

This research aims to understand and analyze the mathematics learning difficulties faced by class VII students at SMPN 35 Medan. Through a qualitative descriptive approach, this research explores the factors that cause learning difficulties and provides solutions that can be implemented. The research method involves written tests and interviews with students and teachers. The results of the research reveal that students face challenges in understanding basic concepts such as algebra, linear equations, equivalent and non-equivalent comparisons, as well as plane figures and spatial figures. Internal and external factors, such as students’ cognitive abilities and less effective teaching methods, influence their mathematics performance. This research suggests a more interactive learning approach, training for teachers, collaboration between schools and parents, and regular evaluation to improve students’ mathematical understanding and performance in the future. Thus, this research makes a significant contribution to efforts to improve the quality of mathematics learning in schools.
Kebijakan Pemerintah Terhadap Pendidikan Di Indonesia Menuju Perguruan Tinggi Unggul
Authors: Yayuk Zulaikah  , Mujamil Qomar  , Abd. Aziz
Published: October 2024

The purpose of writing this article is to find out the government's policy towards education in Indonesia towards superior universities. This research uses a type of library research. Library research is research carried out by reviewing various journals and related reference books. The results of his research show that achieving accreditation for PTKIN is now an absolute necessity. Because institutional accreditation is a set of assessments that directly evaluates the management and quality of each higher education institution. Since 2020, accreditation assessment for new universities and study programs has been implemented based on 9 criteria, so that in the future the accreditation process for these two study programs will use an assessment system based on 9 criteria. Realizing PTKIN to be able to achieve an A (excellent) accreditation score can be done through a technical management approach to superior PTKIN institutional accreditation. This technical management is the basis for preparing forms and complete documents and the accreditation visitation process. Technical management covers a fairly broad scope. So that ideally technical management is understood comprehensively by higher education administrators. So that institutional accreditation can reach an A (excellent) grade.
Pengembangan Moderasi dan Pluralisme Di Tengah Arus Globalisasi
Authors: Ulik Arlina  , Sokip Sokip  , Asrop Syafi’i
Published: October 2024

This research aims to describe the development of moderation and pluralism in the midst of globalization. This type of research is qualitative with a descriptive-analysis approach and literature study (library research). The main sources in this research are books, articles and other reading sources related to the theme of developing moderation and pluralism amidst globalization. The results of this research are 1) Moderation is a person's attitude that does not side with the extreme right and extreme left. This attitude is in the middle and does not side with either one. This is as stated in an expression, khairul age ausathuha (the best thing is the middle), 2) Indicators of religious moderation include national commitment, tolerance, non-violence and accommodating local culture, 3) Internalization of religious moderation in higher education by means of : a) The existence of indicators of religious moderation, b) Support from all higher education academics, c) The role of lecturers, d) Seminars and the existence of a house for religious moderation. Challenges to religious moderation in Indonesia include: a) Radicalism and extremism b) Limited understanding of religion c) The influence of globalization and d) Religious education that is not yet comprehensive. Pluralism is a philosophical view that does not reduce everything to one final principle, but accepts diversity. Pluralism concerns the religious, cultural and political fields.
Etika Berpolitik: Pandangan Islam terhadap Black Campaign dalam Berdemokrasi
Authors: Nabila Rizkia  , Syahidin Syahidin
Published: October 2024

Black campaigning has become an increasingly troubling issue in the modern political context, including in general elections. The Islamic view of this phenomenon confirms that such actions fall into the category of despicable behavior that must be avoided. In the study of fikih siyasah and Islamic religious teachings, black campaigns are considered to involve actions that are contrary to the moral and ethical principles taught by religion.  The practice of black campaigning can cause conflict, division, and distrust in the community towards the ruling government.  The use of sensitive issues such as SARA can also worsen the atmosphere and damage national unity. This research uses a literature study that aims to look at the Islamic view of black campaigns, as well as their impact on society and the democratic process.
Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Dalam Kurikulum Merdeka
Authors: Dwi Luspita Sari  , Maya Amarta  , Rifin Rifin  , Mustafiyanti Mustafiyanti
Published: October 2024

The Merdeka Curriculum is here as a breath of fresh air in the world of Indonesian education, bringing a spirit of independence for teachers and students to learn and teach with creativity. One of the important instruments in realizing the vision of Independent Learning is the Learning Implementation Plan (RPP) which has undergone a significant transformation compared to the 2013 Curriculum RPP (K13). The Independent Curriculum RPP is made more concise and focuses on essential points, so that it is easy for teachers to understand and use. Learning objectives are formulated clearly, measurably and oriented towards Learning Achievements (CP), ensuring learning is centered on the outcomes to be achieved. Teachers are encouraged to understand students’ learning profiles, including their interests, talents, learning styles and learning needs. This allows learning to be designed in a personalized and meaningful way for each individual.
Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Siswa Melalui Media Pembelajaran
Authors: Monica Gabriela Nainggolan  , Ratih Ayunda  , Wahyuni Amanda Hasibuan  , Windy Antika
Published: October 2024

Learning motivation is the general main drive in students that produces learning practice, ensures learning progress, and guides learning practice to achieve learning goals. The aim of the exam to be achieved is to find out how to increase students' learning inspiration through learning media. This research method uses a subjective system to describe and understand what the use of realization media means for student learning inspiration. Student inspiration can be broadened by utilizing various techniques and media that suit learning targets. There are several examples of systems and media that can be used to increase student learning inspiration, namely true evaluation and accompanying evaluation, character teaching, teachers as solace, intuitive learning methodology, and the use of creative learning media.
Membedah Kesalahan Bahasa Indonesia Dalam Caption Dan Komentar di Platform Media Sosial Instagram
Authors: Cici Cahyani  , Bintang Nurheni  , Elisa Br Lumban Tobing
Published: October 2024

This study delves into the usage of Indonesian language on the social media platform Instagram, with a particular focus on identifying and analyzing the prevalent errors and misunderstandings that arise. Employing a descriptive qualitative research methodology, the study examines user-generated comments and captions. The findings reveal that users frequently commit spelling mistakes on basic words, including capitalization, punctuation, and word separation. Additionally, inappropriate word choices and grammatical errors are common among users. Furthermore, the mixing of Indonesian with slang, English, and local dialects contributes to confusion and communication barriers. Overall, the study highlights the suboptimal usage of Indonesian on Instagram, emphasizing the need for enhanced language proficiency and effective communication strategies.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Kelas III Pada Materi Operasi Pengurangan Model Teams Games Tournament
Authors: Syahruni Fariha Handayani  , Siti Nur Elisa  , Diana Ermawati
Published: October 2024

This research aims to improve the learning outcomes and critical thinking abilities of class III students on subtraction operations material through the application of the Tems Gemes Tournament learning model. This type of research uses Class Action (PTK) which is carried out in 2 cycles. The data collection techniques used are planning, implementation, observation and reflection. The object of this research was class III students at SDN Pangendisan, totaling 16 students. The instruments in this research used observation, interviews and tests. This research shows that the application of the Teams Games Tournament model can improve students' learning outcomes and critical thinking abilities. The results of this research obtained that the average student learning outcomes in the pre-cycle were 23.9%, then increased in the first cycle to 70.24% with (KKM) of 67% and again increased in the second cycle, namely 83.57 with the category ( KKM) of 86%. With the learning results, it can be shown that students' thinking abilities in implementing the Teams Games Tournament model become more active, involved and able to solve mathematical problems. Thus, the Tems Games Tournament learning model improves learning outcomes and students' critical thinking skills in subtraction operations material. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the Teams Games Tournament learning model can improve the Mathematics learning abilities of class III students at SDN Pangendisan.
Kompetensi Profesional Guru dalam Proses Pembelajaran
Authors: Syarifah Widya Ulfa  , Ade Suryani Nasution  , Ardina Khoirunnisa Hasibuan  , Azzahra Natasya  , Budiman Budiman  , Khairul Azmi  , Masriyanti Nasution
Published: October 2024

This study aims to explore the concept of teacher professionalism in the 21st century, especially in the context of English language learning. This research uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological design, with data collection techniques through interviews, classroom observations, and document analysis. The results show that teacher professionalism covers various aspects, including subject matter mastery and professional attitude. Professional teachers are expected to be able to design and implement effective learning, motivate students, guide and provide counseling, assess students’ learning progress, and manage the classroom well. The research findings show that English teachers in Indonesia need to improve some aspects of their professionalism, such as English teaching skills in the classroom and the development of more innovative materials. Teachers also need further training to improve their ability to teach English in the digital era. Support from the school and collaboration with peers are also very important to improve the quality of English learning in schools. This study concludes that teacher professionalism is an important factor in achieving better education standards. Teachers must continue to learn and develop to improve their competencies and meet the needs of students in the 21st century.
Analisis Kegiatan Remedial untuk Siswa Kelas V-C yang Mengalami Kesulitan Penjumlahan dan Pengurangan Pecahan Campuran Di SDN Rangkah I Surabaya
Authors: Djayanti Wiulan Sari  , Umik Hanik  , Indah Setyowardhani  , Bagus Rahmad Wijaya  , Nova Estu Harsiwi
Published: October 2024

Students who experience difficulties in learning are the teacher's responsibility to overcome the problems faced by students. One of the actions that teachers can take to help students with learning difficulties is through providing remedial activities. The purpose of this research is to find out the steps, obstacles and solutions to the problems of class V-C teachers in implementing remedial activities for students who experience difficulty adding and subtracting mixed fractions at SDN Rangkah I Surabaya. This research uses a method with a descriptive qualitative approach. This research uses data collection techniques using observation, interviews and documentation techniques. The results of this research are 1). The teacher's steps in implementing remedial activities are that the teacher analyzes the results of the diagnosis of student difficulties by referring to student test scores that are below the KKTP score of 60. Next, by planning remedial activities, the teacher arranges the day, date, time, method, media and prepares the questions that will be created for the activity. remedial. After everything has been carefully planned for remedial activities, the next step is for the teacher to carry out remedial activities for four students who are experiencing difficulties. Next, after carrying out the remedial activities, the teacher assesses the results of the remedial work for each student who took part in the remedial activities. 2). The obstacles for teachers in implementing remedial activities are that they require quite a long time, the physical condition of students is not enthusiastic and the differences in the characteristics of students' comprehension abilities. 3). The teacher's solution to the obstacles in implementing remedial activities is that the teacher maximizes the time for remedial activities, the teacher always provides encouragement in every implementation of remedial activities and the teacher explains again to students who do not understand the explanation individually.
Understanding and Preferences of Islamic Finance Among Gen Z
Authors: Hilya Zulva  , Syahnur Aida Alifia  , Muhammad Misbakul Munir
Published: October 2024

This study explores the understanding and preferences of Islamic finance among Generation Z by referring to Surah Al-Kahf verse 46. Generation Z, as a growing cohort in the digital era and globalization, has an increasingly important role in global economic development. Qualitative research methods are used to gain in-depth insight into the financial perspectives and beliefs of this generation, while verse 46 of Surah Al-Kahf was chosen as the theological basis for interpreting Islamic financial values. Results showed that, despite exposure to global culture, Generation Z showed significant interest in the concepts and principles of Islamic finance, as described in Surah Al-Kahf verse 46. Their understanding of these values influences their preferences for financial products and services. The implications of these findings for the financial industry and policymakers are presented, highlighting the importance of understanding and accommodating young people's preferences in more inclusive sustainable economic development, in line with the teachings of Surah Al-Kahf verse 46. This research aims to contribute to a better understanding of how Islamic financial values, as stated in the Qur'an, can guide the transformation of the global economy towards greater sustainability and inclusiveness.
Theoretical Analysis of the Effectiveness of the Sharia Financial System in Facing the Global Economic Crisis
Authors: Trisna Eka Sari  , Melisa  , Seri Wahyuni  , Zulfikar Hasan
Published: October 2024

This research theoretically examines the effectiveness of the Islamic financial system in dealing with the global economic crisis. This study discusses economic theory, principles, characteristics, influence, comparison, experience, innovation and challenges in the Islamic financial system. Through a qualitative approach by conducting theoretical analysis of literature related to the Islamic financial system and the global economic crisis. The results of this research show that the Islamic financial system has great potential to become an attractive option in facing global economic challenges. By strengthening the foundation of sharia principles, developing appropriate innovations, and overcoming existing challenges, the sharia financial system can continue to develop and make a significant contribution to global financial stability and inclusion. This research confirms that the Islamic financial system, with its basic principles such as the prohibition against usury and excessive speculation, as well as the emphasis on real asset-based transactions, offers a more stable and fair alternative compared to the conventional financial system. The profit sharing principle shows the ability to reduce systemic risk by distributing risk more fairly among the parties involved in financial transactions.
The Effects of Restorative Practice Curriculum on Student Behavior at A Disciplinary Alternative Secondary Campus
Authors:   Texas A&M University, Scott, Ph.D. Lawrence
Published: October 2024

This mixed-methods, sequential explanatory case study was designed to assess the effects of a Restorative practices intervention curriculum on student behavior at a disciplinary alternative secondary campus, and to assess the effects of this curriculum on teacher and administrator decisions regarding student discipline, through the lenses of Social Justice Theory. There is currently no data available on the effects of Restorative practices among students who are already receiving the impact of exclusionary discipline in schools in the United States. Quantitative data was extrapolated using campus disciplinary data over the course of two academic school years. Qualitative data was extrapolated through a 42-question survey protocol and an eight-question interview protocol. The results assert Restorative practices curricula appear to have a positive impact on student’s behavior, teacher’s classroom management decisions, and administrator’s disciplinary decisions at the disciplinary alternative school.
ظاهرات زواج القاصرات في العراق (بين النص القانوني والعرف الاجتماعي)
Authors: م.م. منى محمد كاظم
Published: October 2024

ان الهدف الأساس من هذا البحث يتمثل في بيان مفهوم زواج القاصرات، والتعرف على العوامل التي تؤدي الى زواج القاصرات والاثار المترتبة عليه، فضلا عن بيان زواج القاصرات في التشريع العراقي وموقف الطب منه. وتبلورت مشكلة البحث في الإجابة على التساؤل الاتي "ما واقع زواج القاصرات في القانون العراقي؟ وهل يبيح القانون العراقي زواج القاصرات؟"، وتوصل البحث الى مجموعة من النتائج أهمها ان سن البلوغ عند المرأة يختلف من امرأة لأخرى ويختلف البلوغ في منطقة عما هو عليـه في مناطق اخرى وان اقل سن تبلغ فيه المرأة هو سن التاسعة من العمر، وقد يتأخر بلوغ المرأة فيصل الى سن الخامسة عشر او اكثر من ذلك في بعض المناطق الباردة. واشتراط اصحاب القانون الاهلية في العاقدين وان هذه الاهلية لا تستحق الا بالعقل والبلوغ فاذا تم الزواج قبل تحقق الاهلية فانه يخضع لنظام الولاية والوصاية على العاقدين لانهما لــم يبلغا بعد سن مناسبة تؤهلهم لمعرفة ما هو نفع لهم لعدم تحقق اهليتهم الكاملة بل تعتبر اهلية من لم يبلغ اهلية ناقصة لذلك يخضع لنظام الولاية او الوصاية في القانون.
انعكاس الخطاب السينمائي على تصميم الملصق الدعائي وترويجه
Authors: العاملي م. د. غادة حسين محمد
Published: October 2024

نتيجة اتساع وتعدد معارف حياتنا المعاصرة، نلاحظ تداخل وتشابك فروع المعارف المتنامية في حياتنا المعاصرة، بصورة أصبحت واقعا ملموسا لا يمكن انكاره، واصبح التشابك بينها مؤثرا بصورة واضحة علي مناحي الحياة المختلفة ولاسيما مجال الفنون الجميلة، واصبح من الضروري والملح دراسة العلاقات المفاهيمية المتشابكة لفهم تأثيراتها بصورة علمية، وهذا ما تحاول الباحثة التطرق اليه وتلمسه منهجيا من خلال الاقتراب من فن الملصق السينمائي وتصميمه الفني، وبين الخطاب السينمائي، ولقد تضمن بحثها فصول أربع، أولها الإطار المنهجي وفيه مشكلة البحث واهميته والحاجة اليه، وأهداف البحث وحدوده وتحديد المصطلحات.
وفي الفصل الثاني فيأتي الإطار النظري والدراسات السابقة ويحتوي على عنوانين، أولهما عن عناصر بناء  وتصميم الملصق السينمائي  وفيه أبرزت الباحثة عناصر تصميم الملصق وتنفيذه وبعض التقنيات المستخدمة في تصميم الملصق السينمائي، اما العنصرالثاني فهو عن  العلاقات بين تصميم الملصق والفيلم السينمائي وفيه تناولت الباحثة الارتباط الفلسفي والموضوعي والأجرائي بين الأطراف الداخلة في التفاعل للوصول للمنتوج النهائي،كما استعرضت سريعا النظرة التأريخية لبدايات فن الملصق بشكل عام والملصق السينمائي تحديدا  مشيرة إلى طبيعة فني التصميم والسينما  كمجالان قائمان بذاتهما لهما  القدرة والقابلية على الأرتباط والتشابك والتعايش مع المعارف الأخرى التي تتشابك معهما في بعض المشتركات المفاهيمية العامة.
وتطرق البحث إلى بعض الدراسات السابقة في هذا التخصص واستخرجت بعض المؤشرات النظرية لما أسفر عنه الإطار النظري للبحث والذي ستستعين به في عملية تحليل العينات المختارة لهذا البحث، بعد موافقة لجنة الخبراء والمحكمين عليها.
            ولقد جاء الفصل الثالث أجراءات البحث والذي احتوي على منهج البحث ومجتمعه وعيناته وإدارة التحليل وأسباب اختيار العينات ووحدة التحليل المستخدمة، وكذلك تحليل العينات البحثية المختارة وهي عينات عراقية، عربية وعالمية.
في حين كان الفصل الرابع يعرض النتائج النهائية التي توصل إليها البحث، ونتائجه النهائية، والتوصيات التي تراها الباحثة لأستكمال الغاية من البحث وأهدافه.
واختتم هذا البحث بقائمة المصادر والمراجع العلمية التي تم الإعتماد والاقتباس منها لأجل دعم الجانب العلمي للبحث.
اتجاهات تغطية الصحافة العراقية الرسمية لعملية طوفان الأقصى دراسة تحليلة لجريدة الصباح للمدة من7_10_2023 ولغاية 7_11_2023
Authors: أ.م.د عدنان جلاب منيجل  , م.م عامر جواد كاظم
Published: October 2024

يتناول البحث موضوعا اعلاميا- سياسيا- عسكريا يتداخل فيه الخاص بالعام، والمحلي والاقليمي بالدولي، اذ كانت عملية طوفان الاقصى نقطة تحول تاريخية في منطقة الشرق الاوسط والصراع العربي- الاسرائيلي، وقد ترتبت عليها اثار وتداعيات كبيرة منها الحرب المدمرة على قطاع غزة والتي ادت الى استشهاد وجرح الالاف، واعادت تصدير قضية فلسطين من جديد للعالم، وافرزت متغيرات جديدة في السياسة والأمن الدوليين.
 ويهدف البحث الى التعرف على موقف الاعلام الرسمي العراقي واتجاهه ازاء هذه العملية عبر دراسة تحليلية لجريدة الصباح، ويتكون من ثلاثة مباحث : الأول: الاطار المنهجي والثاني هو الاطار النظري الذي يتناول التغطية الاخبارية وانواعها وكيفية تغطية الازمات، ثم المبحث الثالث الذي يتناول الدراسة التحليلية، تليها الاستنتاجات.
The Liability of the Maritime Carrier for Delay in the Delivery of Goods and Its Calculation Criteria in Iranian Maritime Law, the Hague, Hamburg, and Rotterdam Conventions
Authors: Vaziri Yeganeh Masoomeh , Zahiri Adel
Published: October 2024

The obligations of the maritime carrier and, subsequently, their liabilities are framed within the contract of carriage of goods. Maritime transport of goods under international law is regulated by the provisions of three major conventions: the Hague-Visby Rules of 1924, the Hamburg Rules of 1987, and the recently adopted Rotterdam Rules of 2008. Therefore, different countries, depending on which of these conventions they have acceded to or incorporated into their domestic law, may have different standards for calculating damages. The calculation criteria for damages in the Hague Convention and its Visby Protocol differ from those in the Hamburg and Rotterdam Conventions. This research was conducted using a descriptive-analytical method. The calculation criterion refers to the amount of goods on which the damage is calculated and paid to the owner of the goods. The issue of delay in the delivery of goods, similar to the loss or damage of goods, is addressed in the Rotterdam Convention, which has provisions regarding delays in delivery. The Maritime Law (and the Hague Rules) does not refer to the extent of the carrier’s liability for damages caused by willful misconduct or gross negligence. The Hague Rules only consider two categories of compensable damages—loss (total loss) and damage—while they remain silent on economic losses resulting from delays in timely delivery.
Designing a Theoretical Model for Sexual Education in the Educational System of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Authors: Hosseinpour Seyed Kamal , Mirza Mohammadi Mohammad Hassan , Vatankhah Hamidreza
Published: October 2024

This study examines and designs a theoretical model for sexual education within the educational system of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The primary goal is to create a coherent framework for sexual education that, while maintaining Islamic principles, responds to the social and cultural needs of the society. The research methodology is based on the prevailing paradigms in the field of educational studies. In the first phase, a content analysis of key policy documents, including the "Fundamental Transformation Document of Education," the "National Document," and the "20-Year Vision Document," was conducted. To assess the current status of the sexual education curriculum, synthesis research and content analysis of documents were utilized. Data were collected from national databases, and the reliability of coding was examined using Cohen’s Kappa coefficient formula. The document analysis results indicate the necessity for designing a comprehensive model for sexual education, which includes components such as familiarity with puberty, reinforcement of sexual identity, and life skills education. Additionally, the findings revealed that many of the current educational programs do not adequately meet students' real needs. The proposed model can serve as an effective framework for improving sexual education in Iran's educational system. The implementation of this model requires collaboration between educational institutions, families, and the community to achieve educational objectives.
Combined Effects of Mechanical Ventilation and Postural Drainage in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Sidra Afzal  , Mishal Shamsi  , Sara Abroo  , Muhammad Ahmed  , Noor UL HUDA  , Muhammad Ali Haider
Published: October 2024

Background: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is a severe condition impacting lung function, often requiring mechanical ventilation. Postural drainage may improve oxygenation and airway clearance in ARDS patients, particularly in those with burn injuries and inhalation trauma.Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the combined effects of mechanical ventilation and postural drainage on oxygen saturation and airway clearance in burn patients with ARDS.Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 50 burn patients, aged 20-50, admitted to the ICU. Patients were divided into two groups: Group A received postural drainage with mechanical ventilation, and Group B received only mechanical ventilation. Data were collected daily using the APACHE II scale. FiO2, PO2, pH, and HCO3 levels were measured pre- and post-treatment. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.Results: The post-treatment FiO2 in Group A increased from 48.80 ± 18.92% to 85.40 ± 13.69%, while PO2 increased from 66.40 ± 17.22 mmHg to 77.40 ± 15.08 mmHg. Statistically significant improvements were observed in oxygenation (p < 0.05), with no significant changes in pH and PCO2.Conclusion: Postural drainage combined with mechanical ventilation significantly improves oxygenation in burn patients with ARDS.
Effect of Whole-Body Vibration Versus Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation on Spasticity, Balance, and Lower Limb Motor Function in Hemiplegic Stroke Patients
Authors: Rasool Omair , Muhammad Naveed Babur  , Saleh Shah  , Zanam Mirza
Published: October 2024

Background: Stroke can lead to spasticity, balance impairments, and lower limb motor dysfunction. Whole-body vibration (WBV) and rhythmic auditory stimulation (RAS) are two therapeutic interventions that may address these deficits.Objective: To compare the effects of WBV and RAS on spasticity, balance, and lower limb motor function in hemiplegic stroke patients.Methods: A single-blinded, randomized controlled trial was conducted with 104 chronic hemiplegic stroke patients, divided into two groups: Group A (WBV) and Group B (RAS). WBV was applied using a vibration platform at 30-40 Hz for 3-minute sessions, 3 days/week for 4 weeks. RAS involved 90-minute sessions of music-based exercises, incorporating rhythmic cues and conventional therapy, 3 days/week for 4 weeks. Spasticity, balance, and motor function were assessed using the Modified Ashworth Scale, Berg Balance Scale, and Fugl-Meyer Assessment, respectively. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 27.Results: Group A showed greater improvements in spasticity (MAS: 1.2±0.4 vs. 2.6±0.3), balance (BBS: 49±5 vs. 43±5), and motor function (FMA: 29±5 vs. 18.5±5) compared to Group B (p<0.05).Conclusion: WBV is more effective than RAS in improving spasticity, balance, and motor function in chronic hemiplegic stroke patients.
Comparative Analysis of Mean Hospital Stay in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) With Versus Without Nephrostomy Tube
Authors: Izhar Ali  , Ijaz Khan  , Aziz ul Wahab  , Farman Ullah  , Muhammad Tanveer Sajid  , Numan Alam  , Rafiq Zafar
Published: October 2024

Background: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a minimally invasive surgical procedure for the removal of large renal calculi. The use of nephrostomy tubes postoperatively is common; however, they may increase hospital stay and patient discomfort. Tubeless PCNL has emerged as a potential alternative.Objective: To compare the mean hospital stay in patients undergoing PCNL with and without a nephrostomy tube.Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted on 60 patients undergoing PCNL at the Armed Forces Institute of Urology, Rawalpindi, from June to December 2020. Patients were divided into two groups: Group A (PCNL with nephrostomy tube) and Group B (tubeless PCNL). Both groups were assessed for mean hospital stay, postoperative complications, and stone size using SPSS version 25. Inclusion criteria were age ≥18 years, stone size of 2-3 cm, and ASA I-II. Exclusion criteria included prior renal surgeries and comorbidities.Results: The mean hospital stay was significantly shorter in Group B (1.90 ± 0.80 days) compared to Group A (2.46 ± 0.81 days, p=0.0001).Conclusion: Tubeless PCNL significantly reduces hospital stay compared to standard PCNL.
Resolución de Accidente Intraoperatorio y Seguimiento a Distancia en Endodoncia
Authors: Consoli Lizzi Eugenia Pilar , Chaintiou Piorno R , Corominola P , Cimenton C , Rodríguez P A
Published: October 2024

La endodoncia ha avanzado significativamente en técnicas para la preparación y desinfección de conductos radiculares, mejorando los resultados clínicos incluso en casos con severo compromiso apico-periapical. Sin embargo, la fractura de instrumentos durante la técnica endodóntica añade complejidad a la terapéutica, con posibilidad de fracaso en el caso de que el tratamiento no pueda ser ejecutado correctamente. Este reporte de caso describe la resolución endodóntica de una paciente de 14 años de edad con lesión apical en las piezas 2.1 y 2.2, y con fractura de una fresa en el conducto radicular de la pieza 2.1. Se realizó una tomografía cone-beam para evaluar la lesión y el instrumento fracturado, seguido de un tratamiento endodóntico que incluyó la remoción exitosa de la fresa fracturada utilizando magnificación y microinstrumentos. Luego de esto, ambas piezas fueron tratadas convencionalmente, y en el control a dos años la paciente se encontraba asintomática, con curación ósea de la lesión apical. Este caso resalta la importancia de una planificación meticulosa y el uso de magnificación en endodoncia para alcanzar resultados clínicos óptimos, incluso en situaciones complejas y desafiantes desde el punto de vista técnico y biológico.
Digital Leadership in the Age of AI: Crisis Management and Virtual Organizational Strategies
Authors: Krishna Pasupuleti Murali
Published: October 2024

Abstract: The chapter "Digital Leadership in the Age of AI: Crisis Management and Virtual Organizational Strategies" explores the transformative role of AI in modern leadership, particularly in managing crises and overseeing virtual organizations. It examines how AI-driven tools, such as predictive analytics, real-time data monitoring, and AI-powered communication platforms, are reshaping decision-making and crisis management processes. The chapter also highlights the challenges of leading virtual teams, emphasizing the importance of empathy, adaptability, and ethical considerations in AI integration. Through case studies and practical strategies, the chapter offers insights into leveraging AI for proactive crisis response, performance management, and fostering employee engagement in remote work settings. The discussion underscores the need for ethical leadership in addressing bias, privacy, and fairness in AI systems while maintaining a human-centered approach to leadership in the digital age. Keywords: Digital leadership, AI-driven leadership, crisis management, virtual organizations, predictive analytics, AI tools, ethical leadership, performance management, employee engagement, data privacy, algorithmic bias, remote teams, adaptability, empathy, real-time data.
AI and Quantum Jurisprudence: Transforming Modern Law and Revolutionizing Legal Analysis for the Future
Authors: Krishna Pasupuleti Murali
Published: October 2024

Abstract: This chapter explores the transformative impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and quantum computing on modern jurisprudence, highlighting their potential to revolutionize legal analysis, decision-making, and data security. By integrating AI’s predictive analytics and automation capabilities with the vast computational power of quantum technologies, legal professionals can enhance efficiency, accuracy, and transparency in legal processes. The chapter delves into the practical applications of AI and quantum computing in fields such as criminal justice, contract law, and legal research, while addressing ethical concerns related to accountability, bias, and privacy. It also examines the emergence of quantum law as a new discipline, focusing on global regulatory frameworks and the evolution of legal education to equip future lawyers with the skills to navigate these technologies. This chapter emphasizes the need for continued research, collaboration, and policy development to ensure that AI and quantum technologies are used ethically and responsibly in the legal domain. Keywords: AI, quantum computing, jurisprudence, legal analysis, predictive analytics, legal research, contract law, criminal justice, quantum law, data security, accountability, bias, privacy, legal education, global regulation.
Sikap masyarakat terhadap penyandang disabilitas: faktor jenis kelamin, usia, dan tingkat pendidikan
Authors: Amaliah Amaliah , Rasnah Karlina Dieka , Rachmayanti Ratu Indah , Hibatullah Najib , Musayaroh Siti
Published: October 2024

The presence of people with disability in society is part of the society itself, so the involvement of them in community life needs attention from those around them. This study analyze the attitudes of society towards people with disability. A total of 69 respondents completed a sentiment scale questionnaire, with the highest score indicating a negative attitude towards people with disability. The questionnaire consisted of 14 questions with a Likert scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). Data were analyzed using non-parametric statistics (Spearman correlation coefficient) and multiple regression analysis. The results show that the general attitude of society towards people with disability is positive (M = 2.50). Age and level of education variables show an inverse correlation, indicating that as age and education level of the society increase, the attitude towards disability people also increases. Females have a more positive attitude towards people with disability compared to males.
Sistema de Riego por Goteo para Invernaderos Utilizando Energía Fotovoltaica
Authors: Simbaña Tejada Gabriel Alejandro , Cedeño John , De la Torre Steven , Fonseca Rodrigo
Published: October 2024

El Sistema de Riego por Goteo para Invernaderos Utilizando Energía Fotovoltaica se presenta como una solución innovadora y sostenible para la agricultura moderna. Este sistema permite la optimización del uso de agua y energía, dos recursos críticos en la producción agrícola, especialmente en áreas remotas o con acceso limitado a la red eléctrica. La integración de tecnología fotovoltaica con sistemas de riego por goteo no solo reduce el desperdicio de agua mediante la entrega precisa a las raíces de las plantas, sino que también disminuye la dependencia de fuentes de energía convencionales, reduciendo así la huella de carbono. Este estudio describe en detalle el diseño e implementación de un sistema de riego solar en un invernadero dedicado al cultivo de hortalizas. Se analizaron los componentes esenciales del sistema, como los paneles solares, baterías, inversores, y bombas, destacando los beneficios obtenidos en términos de eficiencia hídrica y energética, así como el impacto positivo en la productividad de los cultivos. Además, se abordan las consideraciones técnicas y económicas que hacen viable la adopción deesta tecnología en diversas escalas de producción. Los resultados obtenidos indican que el uso de energía fotovoltaica en sistemas de riego no solo es viable, sino también altamente beneficioso para la agricultura sostenible, promoviendo un modelo de producción más eficiente y amigable con el medio ambiente.
Mantenimiento correctivo y repotenciación de equipos obsoletos de electrónica de consumo
Authors: Cristian Dibujes , Campo Bryan , Quispe Cristofer , Salazar Fabricio
Published: October 2024

El presente artículo aborda el mantenimiento correctivo y la repotenciación de equipos obsoletos de electrónica de consumo, utilizando tecnologías accesibles para extender su vida útil y mejorar su funcionalidad. Se estudian dos casos prácticos: la modernización de una radio casetera mediante la integración de un módulo Bluetooth y la conversión de un monitor en un televisor inteligente utilizando un TV Box.
Para ambos dispositivos, se emplearon componentes reciclados y económicos, como un cargador de celular para la radio y un adaptador HDMI a VGA para el monitor, permitiendo mantener los costos bajos y garantizar la viabilidad del proyecto. En la radio casetera, la adición del Bluetooth permitió a los usuarios conectar dispositivos móviles de manera inalámbrica, transformando un equipo obsoleto en uno compatible con tecnologías actuales. En el monitor, el uso del TV Box permitió convertirlo en una Smart TV con capacidad de transmisión de contenido multimedia.
Los resultados obtenidos muestran que, a través del mantenimiento correctivo y la repotenciación, es posible prolongar la vida útil de equipos electrónicos a un bajo costo, reduciendo la generación de residuos electrónicos. Además, se destaca que la actualización de estos dispositivos ofrece un valor adicional en términos de funcionalidad y utilidad tecnológica. Este enfoque promueve la sostenibilidad y demuestra que la reutilización de equipos obsoletos es una alternativa viable y accesible para los usuarios.
Fournier's gangrene. Literature review
Authors: Pattussi Débora , Carballo Federico
Published: October 2024

Background: Fournier's Gangrene (FG) is a polymicrobial necrotizing infection that can be fatal if not treated promptly. It is important to raise awareness about early treatment to prevent the high rate of morbidity and mortality. Material and methods: This is a systematic review that includes concepts and definitions of Fournier's gangrene, studies related to diagnosis, and emphasizes the importance of early treatment. Thorough searches were conducted in major databases such as PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Specific search terms were used, such as "Fournier's gangrene," "debridement," "necrotizing fasciitis," "necrotizing soft tissue infections," and "necrotizing," employing the controlled language MESH in PubMed to ensure precise selection of relevant studies. Results: Initially, 176 relevant articles published between 2012 and 2022 were found. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 16 articles were selected, of which 13 were considered relevant for this study. The range of participants in the studies varied from 1 to a maximum of 3224 patients, with a total of 5860 patients included in the analysis. It is important to note that in all the studied articles, a decrease in the morbimortality rate was observed compared to the current mortality rate, which ranges from 20% to 40%. Conclusion: To reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with Fournier's gangrene, early diagnosis and prompt surgical treatment, including aggressive surgical debridement, are essential
Recommender System for Tourist Destinations in Indonesia Using Matrix Factorization Method
Authors: Saputra Danny Matthew , Angelia Nadya , Yusliani Novi
Published: October 2024

Indonesia has various tourist destinations. The large number of tourist destinations makes people confused about choosing a suitable tourist destination. The recommendation system is an appropriate way to help Indonesians choose tourist destinations that suit their preferences. One recommendation system method is matrix factorization. This research uses a matrix factorization algorithm, Alternating Least Square (ALS). The dataset used is Indonesia Tourism Destination from Kaggle. Based on research that has been carried out, this algorithm is successful in predicting tourist attractions that suit users. The evaluation results are an MAE value of 1.27203388032266, while the RMSE value is 1.475271987.