bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GREEN ADSORBENT SYNTHESIS FROMORANGE MESOCARP CELLULOSE USING GRAFT COPOLYMERIZATION
Authors: Onigbinde M , Osuide M
Published: May 2024

The potential of agricultural waste like orange (Citrus sinensis) mesocarp is yet to be explored. Thus, in this study the extractionof green adsorbent that will be renewable, low cost and environmentally friendly from orange mesocarp was examined. The extraction was done using alkali pretreatment method followed by bleaching process to obtain cellulose and dissolvethe hemicellulose, lignin and other extractives. Then, graft copolymerisation of acrylamide onto the cellulose obtainedwas done usingfree radical initiation system. Grafting parameterswere studied by varying the effects of initiator concentrations,monomer to cellulose ratio, temperature and time. Distilled water was used toextract the formedpolyacrylamide (PAam)for 48 hours. And the characterization of the extracted and grafted cellulose samples was carried out by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR).Orange mesocarp gave a cellulose average yield of 29.1%. The optimum grafting conditions were found to be 30OC at a time interval of 2 hours, ratio of monomer to cellulose being 3:1 and initiator concentration of 0.020M. The percentages of polymerization, graft and graft efficiency were 113.40, 86.83 and 45.90respectively. Also, the absorbance peaks of thesamplesconfirmed that grafting was effectively carried out on the cellulose backbone.
HEAVY METALS ASSESSMENT AND ASSOCIATED POTENTIAL HEALTH RISK OF BUILDING SEDIMENT DEPOSITION IN OKPARE CREEK, NIGERIA
Authors: Esi Emmanuel , Ikegu Onajite , Amiegbereta Edwin , Oduah Charles
Published: May 2024

Heavy metals concentrations in sediments may pose significant threats to human health and well-being of the general ecosystem. Therefore, it's crucial to conduct a thoughtful assessment of sediment characteristics with regards to heavy metal concentration as a raw material for building in the studied area. Twenty sediment samples were collected (five each fromlocalities) and analysed using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The highest concentrations of Zn, Cu, Cd, Cr, Pb, V, Fe and Ni were 6.33, 2.65, 0.45, 1,201, 0.38, 0.00, 1026.39 and 0.65 mg/kg respectively in each of the four localities. The results exceeded both recommended limit and other scientist report of similar environment. Also, the health risk impacts computed were all higher than limits. These high values may be attributed tothe nature of the area geological formation, application of fertilizer to the farmlands and petroleum exploration and production activities. Cd stood out as the main culprit for potential ecological risks. The average contamination level, as indicated by I-geo values ranging from 0.28 to 0.79 mg/kg, raisedconcerns, especially at locality 1. Across the board, I-geo values remained generally low (< 2). Cd and Pb, with an I-geo value of about 1, significantly impacted sediment pollution. Average EF values were from 0.02 to 5.76 which revealed that human activities heavily influenced the sediment, marking them as significantly enriched with observed heavy metals. In particular, Cd played a major role in the sediment's enrichment, indicating a high level of environmental impact.
Comparative Critical Analysis of Methodologies for Establishing the Validity of Hadith Among Sunni and Shia
Authors: Yahya Muhammad , Puyu Darsul , . Ilyas , Alwi Zulfahmi , . Mujahid
Published: May 2024

From the perspectives of Sunni and Shia, Hadith holds immense significance, as the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) assured his followers that they would not go astray as long as they held onto both the Hadith and the Quran. However, these two groups significantly differ in terms of the classification and formulation of the quality of Hadith, even concerning the status of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) as a source of Hadith and the credibility of the companions, including the criteria for the authenticity of Hadith, which ultimately impacts whether a hadith is accepted as a source of Islamic teachings. This research is a library research conducted with an analytical-descriptive approach, utilizing primary sources related to the methodology of Hadith authenticity and complemented by secondary sources from various relevant journals and books. The findings of this research reveal that from the perspective of Sunni, one of the conditions for the authenticity of a Hadith is that its chain of transmission (sanad) must be continuous and unbroken back to the Prophet Muhammad. In contrast, the Shia view requires the authenticity of Hadith to be traced back to the Prophet and the infallible Imams without interruption, relying on the Ahlul Bayt lineage, while rejecting sources from Sunni except to reinforce their methodology. These differing viewpoints undoubtedly influence the acceptance of the hadith of the Prophet as a source of Islamic teachings between Sunni and Shia.
Love story or fling? The first observation of Vorticella sp. (Ciliophora: Peritrichia) on the freshwater snail Gyraulus rossmaessleri (Auerswald, 1852)
Authors: Bichain Jean-Michel
Published: May 2024

Shells of Gyraulus rossmaessleri (Auerswald, 1852) infested with the bell-shaped peritrich ciliate Vorticella sp. were found in small, flooded soil depressions located in a floodplain meadow in the Upper Rhine Valley (north-eastern France). The observed prevalence was 100%. Analysis of the distribution of Vorticella aggregates on planispiral shells shows that the epibionts occur largely in the pseudo-cavities formed by the apex and umbilicus and mainly along the suture. This is the first case of ciliated epibionts on gastropods associated with temporary freshwater habitats inhabited by drought-adapted fauna. However, given the scarcity of observations of G. rossmaessleri in this region, it is difficult to affirm whether this epibiosis is relatively common.
Récit des routes de la Chine impériale vers les pays étrangers dans les quatre directions cardinales
Authors: Bouchet Serge , Wang Xiuli
Published: May 2024

Au temps de la dynastie des Tang (618-907), le fonctionnaire chinois Jia Dan rassemble une collection d’informations géographiques dans son « Récit des routes de la Chine impériale vers les pays étrangers dans les quatre directions cardinales ». Au milieu du VIIIe siècle, la puissance nationale et l’influence internationale de la dynastie Tang atteignent leur apogée. L’ouvrage est confectionné alors que la Chine des Tang connaît une extension continue de son influence tant dans l’espace que sur le plan culturel. La période des Tang se caractérise par une expansion du territoire, un développement artistique et littéraire et d’importantes inventions telle l’imprimerie. Ce rayonnement explique la curiosité de Jia Dan pour les régions lointaines et sa volonté de coucher par écrit des itinéraires à partir de la Chine qui se présentent comme des cheminements de lieu en lieu indiquant les distances, les particularités géographiques. Premier d’une série de traductions de textes chinois sur l’océan Indien ancien à paraître dans cette collection, ce recueil réunit les passages témoignant de l’intérêt de la Chine pour notre espace maritime depuis des temps reculés. Il exprime ainsi l’ouverture vers l’extérieur de la Chine à la fin du VIIIe siècle
Heritability of fertility, hatchability and their relationship with egg quality traits in Japanese quail
Authors: Asghari Esfeden Batoul , Khanahmadi Ali Reza , Lotfi Elias
Published: May 2024

The heritability of fertility, hatchability, and their relationship with egg quality traits was studied in fully pedigreed records of a Japanese quail population. A restricted maximum likelihood (REML) procedure was applied in univariate and bivariate analyses. According to the heritability values of FERT, HFE, and HTE in this population of Japanese quail, the role of genes is low, and it is feasible to improve these traits through environmental conditions effectively. Percentage of fertility (FERT) showed positive genetic correlations with AH, YH, YW, and YI (from 0.18 to 0.65) and negative genetic correlations with AW (-0.21). The high genetic correlations were obtained between HFE and ESI (0.62), between HFE and EST (0.56), between HTE and ESI (0.53), and between HTE and EST (0.51). In conclusion, reproductive traits (fertility and hatchability) can improve through selection for high egg quality traits such as EST, ESI, YH, YW, and YI in Japanese quail.
Mekanisme Sanksi Terhadap PNS Ditinjau Dari Fiqih Siyasah
Authors: Heny Noniarty  , Imam Mahdi  , Alimni
Published: May 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk meneliti mekanisme sanksi terhadap pelanggaran disiplin pegawai negeri sipil pada Universitas Islam Negeri Fatmawati Sukarno Bengkulu dalam tinjauan fiqih siyasah. Menggunakan penelitian hukum empiris dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang bersifat desktiftif. Untuk menjaring sebanyak mungkin informasi, maka peneliti mengambil data dari berbagai sumber primer dan sekunder. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini diantaranya editing, verifikasi dan analisis data. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa mekanisme sanksi terhadap pelanggaran disiplin Pegawai Negeri Sipil ditinjau dari fiqih siyasah di Perguruan Tinggi Keagamaan di Bengkulu belum sepenuhnya merujuk pada peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku. Pimpinan masih merasa segan atau kasihan terhadap penjatuhan hukuman disiplin yang dinilai terlalu memberatkan.
Eksistensi Ajaran Sifat Melawan Hukum Materiil Dalam Undang-Undang Tindak Pidana Korupsi Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 003/PUU-IV/2006
Authors: Efendi Novrizal , SA Ramli , Hayatuddin Khalisah , Latif Mahfuz Abdul
Published: May 2024

The research problems of this thesis are how the existence of material unlawful teachings in the Corruption Crime Act Post Constitutional Court Decision Number 003/PUU-IV/2006 and how the attitude of the Supreme Court towards material unlawful teachings after the issuance of Constitutional Court Decision Number 003 /PUU-IV/2006. This study uses a normative juridical approach by prioritizing library data and legislation, and the nature of this research is analytical descriptive. The research results obtained are the existence of material unlawful teachings implied in Article 2 paragraph (1) of the Corruption Law which are declared contrary to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia and do not have binding legal force. On this basis, the Constitutional Court (MK) of the Republic of Indonesia in its decision Number 003/PUU-IV/2006 stated that it revoked the enactment of the doctrine of material lawlessness in the Corruption Law. As for the attitude of the Supreme Court (MA) towards the teaching of material lawlessness in the Corruption Crime Law after the issuance of the Constitutional Court decision Number 003/PUU- IV/2006, namely by paying attention to the doctrine and jurisprudence of the Supreme Court, so that the Supreme Court takes a firm stance with consideration , that the element of unlawful nature in the criminal act of corruption includes acts against the law in the formal sense as well as in the material sense and acts against the law materially as well as in positive and negative functions. Thus the Supreme Court does not fully follow and implement Constitutional Court's decision, this can be seen from the several decisions it has issued so far.
Trend and Online Gambling Risk: An Emerging Criminality Problem Against Youth
Authors: Henky Fernando
Published: May 2024

The involvement of youth in online gambling cases not only shows a trend of social deviation but also has the potential to form increasingly massive criminal behaviour. However, this phenomenon has not been comprehensively discussed in previous studies. In addition to responding to the shortcomings of previous studies, this study also focuses on explaining the characteristics, factors, and implications of the trend of online gambling against youth on the potential for the formation of increasingly massive criminal behaviour.  This study is descriptive qualitative by using a netnography approach. This study shows three important findings regarding the trend and risk of online gambling on the problem of criminality against youth. First, the characteristics of online gambling that are popular against youth, apart from appearing with various types of games, the involvement of youth is also not a few players and even bookmakers of online gambling. Second, the reasons underlying youth to be actively involved in online gambling cases are more influenced by structural factors than cultural factors. Third, the behaviour formed by youth who are actively involved in online gambling cases, apart from going beyond deviant behaviour, has also increased the problem of increasingly massive criminality. This study also recommends the importance of future studies that explain the reception of law enforcement and the community in interpreting the trend of deviant behaviour against youth by conducting in-depth and more intensive interviews.
Achieving High Energy Storage Performance in Lead-Free Relaxor Ferroelectric Ceramics of (1-x)Bi0.88Nd0.10Sm0.02FeO3-xBaTiO3
Authors: Wei Houren , Yang Zaiwen
Published: May 2024

BiFeO3-based lead-free ferroelectrics have attracted great interest in energy storage applications due to their high spontaneous polarisation strength, however, the high residual polarisation strength (Pr) has become a serious obstacle to their practical application. In this work, (1-x)Bi0.88Nd0.10Sm0.02FeO3-xBaTiO3+0.1 wt% MnO2 ceramics were designed by ion doping and solid solution modification strategies, where Sm3+ and Nd3+ promote ionic disorder and reduce leakage current, and the introduction of nano-BaTiO3 induces the crushing of long-range ferroelectric structure into polar nano-regions with enhanced relaxation. As a result, the ceramic is able to maintain a high maximum polarisation intensity while possessing a low residual polarisation.The recoverable energy density (Wrec) of the 0.50BSNF-0.50BT ceramic is as high as 3.61 J/cm3 with an efficiency of 70.11%. In addition, the 0.50BSNF-0.50BT has good thermal stability (Wrec variation <7%) at 25-120°C. In the charge/discharge test, the Wdis was 2.58 J/cm3 and the discharge time was 273 ns. These results indicate that the 0.50BSNF-0.50BT ceramic is an ideal candidate as a material for energy storage applications.
Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan Terhadap Kepatuhan Minum Obat Pada Penderita TB Paru Di Wilayah Kerja UPTD Puskesmas Gunungguruh Kabupaten Sukabumi
Authors: Trishela Dinda , Dewi Amir Mayasyanti , Lidiyawati Herlina
Published: May 2024

Penyakit menular masih menjadi masalah kesehatan di masyarakat. Salah satu penyakit menular yang berbahaya adalah TB Paru. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan Terhadap Kepatuhan Minum Obat pada Penderita TB Paru di Wilayah Kerja UPTD Puskesmas Gunungguruh Kabupaten Sukabumi.Tuberkulosis adalah penyakit menular yang disebabkan karena adanya kuman Mycobacterium Tuberkulosis yang masuk ke dalam tubuh. Kepatuhan minum obat adalah mengkonsumsi obat-obatan yang diresepkan oleh dokter pada waktu dan dosis yang tepat. Pendidikan kesehatan adalah kegiatan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan, sikap, baik individu, kelompok atau masyarakat dalam meningkatkan kesehatan mereka sendiri. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan quasi-experimental dengan Pendekatan Non Equivalent Control Group. Pengampilan sampel menggunakan porpusie sampling sebanyak 36 responden terbagi dalam 2 kelompok intervensi dan kelompok control masing-masing sebanyak 18 responden. Analisa data menggunakan Uji Paired Sampel T-Test dan Uji Independen Sampel T Test. Hasil penelitian stelah dilakukan pendidikan kesehatan pada kelompok intervensi menunjukkkan adanyan peningkatan kepatuhan minum obat pada pasien TB Paru p-value 0,001 < 0,05, dan terdapat perbedaan antara kepatuhan diet pada kelompok intervensi dan kelompok control (p-value 0,017). Kesimpulan Terdapat pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan terhadap kepatuhan minum obat pada penderita TB Paru. Diharapkan pendidikan kesehatan ini dapat diberikan secara berkelanjutan dalam meningkatkan kepatuhan minum obat pada penderita TB Paru.
Filaggrin Gene, Chromosome band 9q34.3, SPINK5, ALCAM and Transepidermal Water Loss
Authors: Rajput Megha , Maibach Howard
Published: May 2024

Background

Epidermal integrity and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) are highly correlated and crucial to healthy skin.

Aim

Review recent on the genetic control of transepidermal water loss and understand the resulting skin abnormalities due to negative gene control.

Methods

Searched scientific web pages, Pubmed, Science direct, Google Scholar, for recent (year: 2010 to 2020) experimental data. (N=7 scientific studies were analyzed)

Results

Relevance of these studies relates to major topics in the genetics of transepidermal water loss, but few concluded that genetic markers such as filaggrin, 9q34.3, and ALCAM correlates with transepidermal water loss. These genetic markers suggest that they can increase water diffusion and decrease when the markers are detected. It is crucial to understand how TEWL is controlled in order for sufficient barrier function.

Conclusion

The dependence on water regulator proteins such as aquaporins and tight junction proteins decreases as skin matures, and the level of these proteins and TEWL relate to gestation age. Molecular control of TEWL through such proteins is an indication of healthy skin. Further elaboration on these proteins and genes discussed should help understand their regulatory patterns to protect the stratum corneum.
María Teresa Fernández Carrillo, a cien años de su natalicio
Authors: Alarcón Montero Rafael
Published: May 2024

Es un honor para mí compartir con ustedes algunos aspectos de la vida y obra de María Teresa Fernández Carrillo, una excelente lingüista que aportó mucho al estudio de las lenguas mexicanas, principalmente las pertenecientes a las subfamilias popolocana y zapotecana, de la gran familia otomangue.
Alejandra Auza Benavides. Semillas del lenguaje: desarrollo típico y atípico en pequeños hablantes del español. Barker & Jules, Minden, Nevada, 2021; 229 pp.
Authors: Padilla Pamela
Published: May 2024

El libro Semillas del lenguaje: desarrollo típico y atípico en pequeños hablantes del español, escrito por la lingüista mexicana Alejandra Auza Benavides, experta en las dificultades de la adquisición de la lengua y, además, directora del Instituto Mexicano para la Atención del Desarrollo del Niño, constituye la presentación de su programa de intervención para niños de 18 a 30 meses con retraso en las habilidades del lenguaje.
Karina Hess Zimmermann y Luisa Josefina Alarcón Neve (eds.). Desarrollo lingüístico tardío en poblaciones hispanohablantes. Comunicación Científica, México, 2022; 311 pp.
Authors: Álvarez López Elva
Published: May 2024

Las investigaciones sobre el lenguaje tardío han sido un interés de Karina Hess Zimmermann y Luisa Josefina Alarcón Neve, quienes reúnen en este texto nueve investigaciones de diferentes poblaciones hispanohablantes (Argentina, Chile y México) que muestran la incidencia que tiene la etapa escolar de los niños y adolescentes para lograr la consolidación de un desarrollo lingüístico.
Las TIC y la enseñanza-aprendizaje de la Geografía
Authors: Espinoza Freire Eudaldo Enrique , Calva Nagua Daniel Xavier
Published: May 2024

This essay is part of the results of a descriptive research aimed at investigating the role of ICT in the teaching-learning process of Geography, it responds to a bibliographic review study based on the documentary review, analytical-synthetic and analysis methods of content. Among the main findings is the knowledge of the advantages and risks of the implementation of ICT in the educational field. Digital teaching aids in Geography classes allow students to approach the surrounding reality, analyze spatial dynamics, facilitate free access to various sources of updated scientific information, obtain geographic data, observe satellite images in real time, consult digital cartographies, etc. and develop metacognitive skills. Teachers must be trained on technological advances and their application in the treatment of geographic content; to do this, they must direct their improvement towards basic skills: learn new technologies, provide personalized instructions, globalize the classroom, encourage students to produce content and digitize the classroom.
Análisis comparativo de modelos de evaluación de universidades en América Latina
Authors: Sancho Zurita Vladimir , Crespo Nuñez Ximena
Published: May 2024

There are processes that have been developed in Latin America to improve the quality of higher education. There have been qualitative and quantitative models, which at the beginning have served as a basis for processing the information generated by higher education institutions, factors that have helped to improve the generation of continuous improvement processes, control, and evaluation of the level of university quality, a means for accountability, among others. In the present study, it was observed that the dimensions used by the different higher education systems are the same to be evaluated, that is, they are based on the substantive elements of higher education: teaching, research, social interaction, institutional management. In addition, they use self-assessment as a diagnostic tool, peer assessment for the development of external assessment, and computer systems for information gathering and processing.
Presencia de las tecnologías educativas en la enseñanza y aprendizaje de la Geografía
Authors: Espinoza Freire Eudaldo Enrique , Guamán Gómez Verónica Jacqueline
Published: May 2024

This essay is the result of a descriptive research of the bibliographic review type. The investigative process was based on documentary analysis, hermeneutics and content analysis with the aim of analyzing the importance of the implementation of educational technologies in the teaching-learning of Geography. Among the main findings are: the conception of educational technology as a set of resources, processes and tools of Information and Communication applied in the educational system in its various fields and levels. There is a series of technological resources for the teaching and learning of Geography such as audiovisual media and Geographic Information Systems that allow students and teachers to innovate through their implementation in classrooms. Despite having educational technologies, it is still a pending task to achieve their systematic use in the teaching-learning process of Geography.
La flexibilización laboral en la Industria 4.0
Authors: Salgado Jaramillo Nataly Stefanía , Pangol Lascano Alberto Mauricio
Published: May 2024

Industry 4.0 brings with it technological innovation and automation, generating a reduction in the costs of production processes, as well as labor, which leads to a change in the traditional way in which the employment relationship is developed. This article, through the application of the historical - logical method, has as its main research objective, to determine the impact of industry 4.0 on employment and the application of labor flexibility, taking as reference the figures and perspectives of the ILO, World Bank, among others, concluding that automation and digitization can bring with it a duality of results, from a negative perspective, lower job creation, elimination of job sources, as well as little respect for the rights of workers by not having adequate regulatory development. While, from a positive point of view, it can be an opportunity to offer new work possibilities through the application of policies such as teleworking, digital platforms, hourly work, which allows the employee to feel motivated to time to do your job, generating higher performance and reducing costs.
El papel del tutor en la inserción de los docentes de nuevo ingreso
Authors: Sánchez Islas Francisco , Cáceres Mesa Maritza Librada
Published: May 2024

Since its origins, the Tutoring for new teachers has been plagued by irregularities, which have not responded to the objectives with which it was created and that has put this program in question, about the benefits it offers to address the areas of opportunity. of novice teachers. The present study is an analysis aimed at analyzing the criteria and perceptions of tutors and tutors from a personal perspective, and that the only thing that is intended is to find elements that allow improving the Tutoring processes, from the tutoring function and the role played by the teacher. more experienced that accompanies in his incursion into teaching practice. It is based on the analysis of the evolution that Tutoring has had and how it has contributed to peer work, strengthening teaching skills, in the understanding that working with professionals, who make decisions, who have passed through a higher level institution and who has been trained to be a teacher, appeals to a bit of intellectual humility to allow himself to be supported and strengthen the areas of opportunity of the apprentices in the function. From the methodological point of view, it is based on the qualitative approach and inspired by hermeneutics, the technique used is narrative, as a strategy to rescue information from the perceptions of the main actors in the Tutoring process, references that constitute an important input for analyze and interpret and propose to the corresponding authorities, the strategies that affect the improvement of the tutoring practice.
A cross cultural check of the personality structure of the 16PF
Authors: Zak Itai
Published: May 2024

The contention that transferability of a scale across cultures is best achieved when the scale has low homogeneity was tested using Cattell's 16PF personality questionnaire. The 16PF was administered to a random sample of 514 university applicants in Israel. The data yielded essentially the same psychometric properties as found in the original American samples. The problem of homogeneity is further discussed in relation to validity coefficients.
A second order factor analysis of community satisfaction in a British New Town
Authors: Bardo John W. , Newton R. D.
Published: May 2024

First-order community satisfaction factors derived in an analysis of data from a British New Town were subjected to secondary factor analysis; an oblique solution with five factors resulted. The data suggest several broad categories of variables that may affect community satisfaction as well as certain other possible analyses based on community comparisons.
An experimental alteration of motivation levels in adolescents
Authors: Krug Samuel E
Published: May 2024

Two experiments were carried out within the framework of Cattell's motivation theory. Results demonstrated that dynamic trait factors, each of which encompasses a wide spectrum of specific attitudes, are functionally unitary entities, since manipulation of only one component attitude (e.g., fear of war) results in changes on related attitudes (e.g., fear of illness, fear of parental rejection). The experiments further clarified the theoretical nature of drive stimulation and drive frustration within the context of this motivational theory.
Expectancies for future success as a function of locus of control, task structure and outcome
Authors: O'Leary D. E. , Walker R. D.
Published: May 2024

The present study investigated the relationship between personality and task dimensions of perceived locus of control. Male alcoholic subjects were administered Rotter's I-E scale and participated in both chance and skill tasks with expectancies for future success used as dependent variables. A series of complex interactions were obtained in which internal and external subjects provided differential levels of expectancy shifts as a function of both the nature of the task (chance or skill) and their success or failure on each. These interaction effects were discussed in terms of differential levels of motivation for internals and externals within change and skill tasks.
The adjective check list as personality assessment technique with students
Authors: Shaw V. R.
Published: May 2024

The Adjective Check List (ACL) was administered to 51 undergraduate students at Wichita State University, Wichita, Kansas. Of the 24 ACL (Gough, 1965) scales, two were eliminated due to the possibility of linear dependence. These were "number of adjectives checked" and "unfavorable adjectives checked." Product-moment correlations were calculated among the remaining 22 scales obtained from the ACL proceeding to a factor analysis.
Evaluation of the Physicochemical Properties of Different Imported Milk Brands Offered in Afghanistan Markets
Authors: Noori Mohammad Asif , Sarwary Nasir Ahmad , Farkhary Sayed Ibrahim
Published: May 2024

Milk is an enriched food that humans widely consume. It is the source of many nutrients like protein, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals. The content of high-quality milk should match that of natural milk and national and international standards. In the current study, the quality of selected imported milk brands (Pak1, Pak2, Pak3, Pak4, and Ir1) and local cow milk in the markets of Kabul City was evaluated. For this purpose, the levels of protein, fat, total solid, solid not fat, acidity, pH, and specific gravity were measured. Data analysis was conducted using the Kruskal-Wallis test in GraphPad Prism software. Our findings showed that the protein level in imported brands was significantly lower than the standard of cow milk (p<0.01). Among imported brands, the protein level in Ir1 and Pak4 was higher than other brands and the standard (p<0.05). The level of fat in Pak2 and Pak3 was higher than the standard and other brands (p<0.05), the level of total solid in Ir1 was lower than the standard (p<0.05), and the level of solid not fat in Pak2 and Pak3 was lower than the standard (p<0.05). Our results showed that local cow milk has a higher quality than imported milk brands, and among the brands, Pak4 has a higher quality than other brands, where its quality is almost the same as the composition of local cow milk.
Site-directed mutagenesis of recombinant penicillin-G acylase from Escherichia coli and effect on the hydrolytic activity
Authors: Aniqah Sunni Sofiah , Sismindari Sismindari , Purwanto Purwanto
Published: May 2024

Penicillin-derived antibiotics such as amoxicillin are one of the antibiotics that are widely used. Amoxicillin is synthesized through the availability of raw materials, 6-aminopenicillanic acid (6-APA), with penicillin-G acylase (PGA) as the catalyst. Previous studies revealed a recombinant PGA through the utilization of expression hosts. However, the low activity of the expressed enzyme is still an obstacle to the optimum utilization of its enzyme. In this study, we applied site-directed mutagenesis computationally for initial prediction by creating 36 PGA mutants through homology modeling and predicted their binding affinity as well as bounding interaction mode to penicillin-G through molecular docking. Our research found that four mutants had better potential activity than wild-type PGA. In the first experiment, only the βThr68Tyr PGA mutant was selected to be explored further. The mutant PGA gene inserted into pET-22b plasmid was transformed to Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) by heat shock method. For enzyme expression, IPTG and arabinose were used as inducers. As a result, the specific enzyme activity of mutant PGA showed insignificantly lower values in comparison to wild-type PGA. This activity appeared to be influenced by the formation of inclusion bodies during post-translational protein maturation, as described in this paper.
Effect of Salt (Nacl) and Vacuum Packaging on Some of the Quality Attributes of Snakehead Fish
Authors: Andriani Eka , Septiana Hendrik , Fikri Al
Published: May 2024

Snakehead fish (Chana striata) is one of the important protein sources among Indonesian people. However, the shelf life is short leading to limited use of fresh snakehead fish. This study aimed to analyse the effect of vacuum packaging and addition of salt on the sensory properties, total plate count, water activity and pH of fresh snakehead fish. The fish was salted (NaCl) at various concentrations, including 0, 5, 10 and 15%, and kept for 14 days at refrigeration temperature (± 3°C). Sensory evaluation, total plate count (TPC) and water activity (aw) measurements, and pH analysis were performed at day 0, 7 and 14. All groups with salt addition exhibited a significantly slower decrease in the mean scores (9-point hedonic scale) of color, aroma, appearance and texture (p < 0.05), with the decrease for all sensory properties detected at day 7 of storage. In microbial tests, a significant increase in TPC was observed in the groups with 0% and 5% salt addition (p < 0.05). The group with 15% salt addition showed the lowest water activity. Also, the group without salt addition had the highest pH value. This study demonstrated that addition of salt to snakehead fish might gives beneficial effects on the shelf life of a vacuum packaged product. However, the optimum shelf life using vacuum packaging and salt addition needs further study.
BMP signaling maintains auricular chondrocyte identity and prevents microtia development by inhibiting protein kinase A
Authors: Yang Ruichen , Chu Hongshang , Yue Hua , Mishina Yuji , Zhang Zhenlin , Liu Huijuan , Li Baojie
Published: May 2024

Elastic cartilage constitutes a major component of the external ear, which functions to guide sound to the middle and inner ears. Defects in auricle development cause congenital microtia, which affects hearing and appearance in patients. Mutations in several genes have been implicated in microtia development, yet, the pathogenesis of this disorder remains incompletely understood. Here, we show that Prrx1 genetically marks auricular chondrocytes in adult mice. Interestingly, BMP-Smad1/5/9 signaling in chondrocytes is increasingly activated from the proximal to distal segments of the ear, which is associated with a decrease in chondrocyte regenerative activity. Ablation of Bmpr1a in auricular chondrocytes led to chondrocyte atrophy and microtia development at the distal part. Transcriptome analysis revealed that Bmpr1a deficiency caused a switch from the chondrogenic program to the osteogenic program, accompanied by enhanced protein kinase A activation, likely through increased expression of Adcy5/8. Inhibition of PKA blocked chondrocyte-to-osteoblast transformation and microtia development. Moreover, analysis of single-cell RNA-seq of human microtia samples uncovered enriched gene expression in the PKA pathway and chondrocyte-to-osteoblast transformation process. These findings suggest that auricle cartilage is actively maintained by BMP signaling, which maintains chondrocyte identity by suppressing osteogenic differentiation.
Experimental evolution for the recovery of growth loss due to genome reduction
Authors: Hitomi Kenya , Ishii Yoichiro , Ying Bei-Wen
Published: May 2024

As the genome encodes the information crucial for cell growth, a sizeable genomic deficiency often causes a significant decrease in growth fitness. Whether and how the decreased growth fitness caused by genome reduction could be compensated by evolution was investigated here. Experimental evolution with an Escherichia coli strain carrying a reduced genome was conducted in multiple lineages for approximately 1000 generations. The growth rate, which largely declined due to genome reduction, was considerably recovered, associated with the improved carrying capacity. Genome mutations accumulated during evolution were significantly varied across the evolutionary lineages and were randomly localized on the reduced genome. Transcriptome reorganization showed a common evolutionary direction and conserved the chromosomal periodicity, regardless of highly diversified gene categories, regulons, and pathways enriched in the differentially expressed genes. Genome mutations and transcriptome reorganization caused by evolution, which were found to be dissimilar to those caused by genome reduction, must have followed divergent mechanisms in individual evolutionary lineages. Gene network reconstruction successfully identified three gene modules functionally differentiated, which were responsible for the evolutionary changes of the reduced genome in growth fitness, genome mutation, and gene expression, respectively. The diversity in evolutionary approaches improved the growth fitness associated with the homeostatic transcriptome architecture as if the evolutionary compensation for genome reduction was like all roads leading to Rome.
Metabolic heterogeneity of colorectal cancer as a prognostic factor: insights gained from fluorescence lifetime imaging
Authors: Komarova Anastasia D , Sinyushkina Snezhana D , Shchechkin Ilia D , Druzhkova Irina N , Smirnova Sofia A , Terekhov Vitaliy M , Mozherov Artem M , Ignatova Nadezhda I , Nikonova Elena E , Shirshin Evgeny A , Shcheslavskiy Vladislav I , Shirmanova Marina V
Published: May 2024

Heterogeneity of tumor metabolism is an important, but still poorly understood aspect of tumor biology. Present work is focused on the visualization and quantification of cellular metabolic heterogeneity of colorectal cancer using fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) of metabolic cofactor NAD(P)H. FLIM-microscopy of NAD(P)H was performed in vitro in four cancer cell lines, in vivo in the four types of tumors in mice and ex vivo in patients’ tumor samples. The dispersion and bimodality of the decay parameters were evaluated to quantify the intercellular metabolic heterogeneity. Our results demonstrate that patients’ tumors have significantly higher heterogeneity of metabolism compared with cultured cells and tumor xenografts. It was found that dispersion of a contribution of a free fraction of NAD(P)H is higher in the high-grade tumors, and the bimodality in a distribution of the free NAD(P)H fraction has associations with tumor metastasis. These results indicate that cell-level metabolic heterogeneity assessed from NAD(P)H FLIM has a potential to become a clinical prognostic factor.
Spinal V1 inhibitory interneuron clades differ in birthdate, projections to motoneurons, and heterogeneity
Authors: Worthy Andrew E , Anderson Joanna T , Lane Alicia R , Gomez-Perez Laura J , Wang Anthony A , Griffith Ronald W , Rivard Andre F , Bikoff Jay B , Alvarez Francisco J
Published: May 2024

Spinal cord interneurons play critical roles shaping motor output, but their precise identity and connectivity remain unclear. Focusing on the V1 interneuron cardinal class we defined four major V1 subsets in the mouse according to neurogenesis, genetic lineage-tracing, synaptic output to motoneurons, and synaptic inputs from muscle afferents. Sequential neurogenesis delineates different V1 subsets: two early born (Renshaw and Pou6f2) and two late born (Foxp2 and Sp8). Early born Renshaw cells and late born Foxp2-V1 interneurons are tightly coupled to motoneurons, while early born Pou6f2-V1 and late born Sp8-V1 interneurons are not, indicating that timing of neurogenesis does not correlate with motoneuron targeting. V1 clades also differ in cell numbers and diversity. Lineage labeling shows that the Foxp2-V1 clade contains over half of all V1 interneurons, provides the largest inhibitory input to motoneuron cell bodies, and includes subgroups that differ in birthdate, location, and proprioceptive input. Notably, one Foxp2-V1 subgroup, defined by postnatal Otp expression, is positioned near the LMC and receives substantial input from proprioceptors, consistent with an involvement in reciprocal inhibitory pathways. Combined tracing of ankle flexor sensory afferents and interneurons monosynaptically connected to ankle extensors confirmed placement of Foxp2-V1 interneurons in reciprocal inhibitory pathways. Our results validate previously proposed V1 clades as unique functional subtypes that differ in circuit placement, with Foxp2-V1 cells forming the most heterogeneous subgroup. We discuss how V1 organizational diversity enables understanding of their roles in motor control, with implications for their diverse ontogenetic and phylogenetic origins.
The nanoscale organization of the Nipah virus fusion protein informs new membrane fusion mechanisms
Authors: Wang Qian , Liu Jinxin , Luo Yuhang , Kliemke Vicky , Matta Giuliana Leonarda , Wang Jingjing , Liu Qian
Published: May 2024

Paramyxovirus membrane fusion requires an attachment protein for receptor binding and a fusion protein for membrane fusion triggering. Nipah virus (NiV) attachment protein (G) binds to ephrinB2 or -B3 receptors, and fusion protein (F) mediates membrane fusion. NiV-F is a class I fusion protein and is activated by endosomal cleavage. The crystal structure of a soluble GCN4-decorated NiV-F shows a hexamer-of-trimer assembly. Here, we used single-molecule localization microscopy to quantify the NiV-F distribution and organization on cell and virus-like-particle membranes at a nanometer resolution. We found that NiV-F on biological membranes forms distinctive clusters that are independent of endosomal cleavage or expression levels. The sequestration of NiV-F into dense clusters favors membrane fusion triggering. The nano-distribution and organization of NiV-F are susceptible to mutations at the hexamer-of-trimer interface, and the putative oligomerization motif on the transmembrane domain. We also show that NiV-F nanoclusters are maintained by NiV-F-AP-2 interactions and the clathrin coat assembly. We propose that the organization of NiV-F into nanoclusters facilitates membrane fusion triggering by a mixed population of NiV-F molecules with varied degrees of cleavage and opportunities for interacting with the NiV-G/receptor complex. These observations provide insights into the in-situ organization and activation mechanisms of the NiV fusion machinery.
Capsaicin acts as a novel NRF2 agonist to suppress ethanol induced gastric mucosa oxidative damage by directly disrupting the KEAP1-NRF2 interaction
Authors: Gao Xiaoning , Guo WuYan , Liu Peiyuan , Yuwen Mingyue , Liu Zixiang , Tan Ruyang , Liu Kairui , Yang Zhiru , Ba Junli , Bai Xue , Shama Shiti , Tang Cong , Miao Kai , Pei Haozhi , Liu Liren , Zhu Cheng , Wang Tao , Zhang Bo , Kang Jun
Published: May 2024

Excessive drinking poses serious health risks and is closely associated with oxidative damage. The KEAP1-NRF2-ARE axis serves as the primary antioxidant system. However, the existing small molecule inhibitors are all covalently bound to KEAP1, meaning that once bound, they are not easily dissociated, while continuous inhibition of KEAP1 exhibits severe side effects. In this study, BLI, CETSA, Pull-down, Co-IP and HDX-MS assay analysis were conducted to detect the KEAP1 binding behavior of natural product, capsaicin (CAP), both
in vitro
and in GES-1 cells. The ethanol-induced acute gastric mucosal damage rat model was also established to determine the therapeutic effect of CAP. We demonstrated that CAP ameliorated mitochondrial damage, facilitated the nuclear translocation of NRF2, thereby promoting the expression of downstream antioxidant response elements, HO-1, Trx, GSS and NQO1 in GES-1 cells. Subsequently, CAP could directly bind to KEAP1 and inhibit the interaction between KEAP1 and NRF2. While in the KEAP1-knockout 293T cells, CAP failed to activate NRF2 expression. It was also found that CAP non-covalently bound to Kelch domain and allosterically regulated three regions of KEAP1:L342-L355, D394-G423 and N482-N495. To enhance drug solubility and delivery efficiency, we designed IR-Dye800 modified albumin coated CAP nanoparticle. The nanoparticles significantly alleviated the gastric mucosal inflammation and activated the NRF2 downstream genes
in vivo
. Finally, we further verified our hypothesis in Nfe2l2-knockout mice. Our work provided new insights that CAP is a safe and novel NRF2 agonist by allosterically regulating KEAP1, which may contribute to the development of lead drugs for oxidative stress-related illness, e.g. aging, cancer, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases.
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and Periodontal Diseases: The Link Demystified
Authors: Ramkumar Narayane , Balu Pratebha , Sankar Hanumanth
Published: May 2024

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most commonly diagnosed endocrine disorders, affecting 7-20% of women of reproductive age. In the case of PCOS, the ovaries have a large number of cystic follicles linked to persistent anovulation and androgen overproduction. PCOS is also linked to other systemic disorders, such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disorders, and psychological conditions. Research studies indicate that PCOS may increase susceptibility to periodontal disease. The mechanisms underpinning the links between these two conditions are not completely understood. There is emerging evidence to support the existence of a two-way relationship between PCOS and periodontitis, with PCOS increasing the risk for periodontitis and periodontal inflammation worsening the PCOS status. This narrative review of the various pathophysiological mechanisms linking the two diseases depicts a positive correlation between the two conditions.
The Role of Job Satisfaction as Mediation on the Influence of Work Life Balance and Training on Job Performance
Authors: Assyahidah Navilati , Purwidianti Wida , Fitriati Azmi , Suyoto .
Published: May 2024

Aims: Human resource performance management is essential in supporting the achievement of organizational goals. This study examines the effect of work-life balance and training on work performance, with job satisfaction as a mediating factor and gender as a control variable. This research will provide insight into companies' policies and management of human resources.
Study Design:  This research is quantitative research using a survey method. The research was conducted at the Indonesian Red Cross (PMI) Banyumas Regency from September to October 2023.
Methodology: The population in this study was 180 employees. The sample used was 119 employees, with sample takers using the purposive sampling method. The analytical tool used in this research is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with a Partial Least Square (PLS) approach. An outer model analysis technique was used to test the validity and reliability of the measurements used, followed by an inner model analysis technique to test the relationship between latent constructs and hypothesis testing.
Results: This research found that work-life balance and job satisfaction influence performance, but training does not influence performance. This research also found that training affected job satisfaction, but work-life balance did not affect job satisfaction. Even though training does not have a direct effect on performance, if it is mediated by job satisfaction, training will affect performance. In contrast, work-life balance has a direct impact on performance, but job satisfaction is not strong enough to mediate the relationship between work-life balance and performance. Apart from that, this research also found that gender as a control variable did not influence performance.
Productivity and Economics of Hydroponic Fodders as Influenced by Harvesting Time
Authors: Ashique Ayesha , Chorey A.B. , Ganvir M.M. , Chaitanya V.
Published: May 2024

An investigation was conducted at Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Science University, Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola to study the Productivity and economics of hydroponic fodders as influenced by harvesting time at Department of Agronomy.
The investigation was carried out in a factorial randomized block design (FRBD) with three replicas. The study consisted of four different times of harvest (9th, 11th, 13th and 15th days of harvesting) and two fodder crops (maize and cowpea). The results revealed that the higher green fodder yield (26.64 kgm-2) and dry matter yield (3.06 kgm-2) were recorded on the 15th day of harvesting in fodder crop Cowpea, whereas lower green fodder yield (18.58 kgm-2) and dry matter yield (2.28 kgm-2) were recorded on the 9th day of harvesting in Maize. In terms of economics, the 15th day of harvesting has recorded a higher gross monetary return, net monetary return, and benefit-cost ratio in Cowpea.