bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Gross Total Resection and Molecular Markers in Grade II Glioma
Authors: Wadd Ijaz Hussain , Mukhtar Shahid , Arslan Haider Syed , Ijaz Sidra
Published: January 2022

Objective:  The study determined the importance of gross total resection in grade II Glioma and evaluated the importance of tumor markers as prognostic factors.

Material and Methods:  We included the 240 patients aged 13 – 65 years with supratentorialsuspected low-grade Glioma. Craniotomy was done in all my patients under general anesthesia and excised the tumor safely with the help of a microscope and CUSA without causing any focal deficit or hemodynamic instability. The 3D conformal radiotherapy and or Temozolomide chemotherapy was started as advised by the oncologist, postoperatively. The 5 and 10 years’ overall survival and progression-free survival were evaluated in my study.

Results:  Median age of the patients was 45 years. The 46.66% patients were IDH mutant Astrocytoma, 39.1 6% patients were IDH mutant Oligodendroglioma with loss of heterozygosity at I p/l9q levels, and 14.16% patients had IDH wild type Astrocytoma. The gross total resection was done in 113 patients, subtotal in 53 patients, partial resection in 45 patients, and biopsy in 29 patients. Postoperative radiotherapy was done in 170 patients and Temozolomide chemotherapy in 67 patients. The 5 and 10 years’ progression-free survival was 80% and 49% and overall survival was 86.3% and 67%. The 10 – year overall survival for Oligodendroglioma, the IDH mutant Astrocytoma, and IDH wild Astrocytoma were 93%, 61.6%, and 34.7% (respectively), and progression-free survival were 89.2%, 48%, and 34% (respectively). 

Conclusion:  The gross total resection of IDH mutant Astrocytoma had a good outcome.
Recurrent Cervical Neurofibrosarcoma: A Rare Case of Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor of Head and Neck Region
Authors: Malik Mubashir , Ahmed Khan Zubair , Farooq Umer , Safdar Shehzad , Ur Rehman ASAD , Saleem Noman
Published: January 2022

Neurofibrosarcoma is a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST). The cervical location of the neurofibrosarcoma is very rare and is less than 1% in the literature. MPNSTs are often associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1).  We are presenting a case report of 31 years old female, with huge recurrent cervical neurofibrosarcoma on the right side of the neck.  To date, surgical excision followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy is the treatment of choice which requires a multidisciplinary approach. We excised the above-mentioned cervical neurofibrosarcoma in a piecemeal fashion and discharged the patient on follow-up with the oncology department.
Role of Decompressive Craniectomy in severe Traumatic Brain Injury: An Institutional Experience
Authors: Altaf Imran
Published: January 2022

Objective:  The present study was designed to assess the outcome following the Decompressive Craniectomy procedures performed in our setup for patients presenting with severe traumatic brain injury.

Materials and Methods:  This was a retrospective study wherein the medical records of adult patients that presented with an initial Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) ? 8 and in whom decompressive craniectomy had been carried out for severe traumatic brain injury were retrospectively analyzed. Patients in whom decompressive craniectomy had been carried out for causes other than trauma and patients with initial GCS ? 9 were excluded from the study. The studied parameters included age, sex, initial GCS, computed tomography (CT) brain diagnosis, and the outcome according to the Glasgow coma outcome scale (GOS).

Results:  The study included 12 patients, and of these 12 patients operated with Decompressive Craniectomy for severe traumatic brain injury only 2 survived. The mortality was 83.3%. The initial GCS and age were not statistically different between the survivors and the non-survivors. Based on the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) only 1 patient had a good outcome. Overall, an unfavorable outcome based on the GOS score was seen in 91.7% of patients.

Conclusion:  Our study concludes that Decompressive Craniectomy is associated with high mortality in patients presenting with severe traumatic brain injury and does not seem to offer a better alternative to standard medical management.
The outcome of Posterio-lateral Decompression and Transpedicle Fixation for Thoracic Spine Tuberculosis
Authors: Khan Zahid , Sharafat Seema , Usman Muhammad , Azam Farooq , Tufail Ahmad Pir- , Gul Shumaila , Rehman Aziz-ur-
Published: January 2022

Objective:  The study assessed the outcome of posterio-lateral decompression and trans-pedicle fixation for thoracic spine tuberculosis.

Materials and Methods:  An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Neurosurgery, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar. All those patients who had undergone posterio-lateral decompression and trans-pedicle fixation for thoracic spine tuberculosis were included. Both genders with ages more than 14 years were included in our study. Ethical committee approval was taken. Pre-designed proforma was used for data entry. Patients’ data were analysed through SPSS software.

Results:  A total of 31 patients with tuberculous spondylodiscitis were studied. The age ranged from 15 – 57 years with a mean of 37.74 ± 10.07 years. Most of the patients with thoracic TB were male 54.8% (17/31). Pain improved in all the patients and neurology improved in most of the cases. The dural tear was in one patient and one patient had a wound infection. There was no mortality.

Conclusions:  We conclude from the study that posterior-lateral decompression and trans-pedicle fixation for thoracic spine tuberculosis is a safe procedure. It has good results in terms of pain relief and neurological improvement. This procedure has an acceptable complications rate. Therefore, it can be considered as a better alternative to other surgical procedures for thoracic spine tuberculosis.
Federal Review of State Criminal Convictions: A Structural Approach to Adequacy Doctrine
Authors: Brensike Primus Eve
Published: January 2022

Modern state postconviction review systems feature procedural labyrinths so complicated and confusing that indigent defendants have no realistic prospect of complying with the rules. When defendants predictably fail to navigate these mazes, state and federal courts deem their claims procedurally defaulted and refuse to consider those claims on their merits. As a result, systemic violations of criminal procedure rights—like the right to effective counsel—persist without judicial correction.

But the law contains a tool that, if properly adapted, could bring these systemic problems to the attention of federal courts: procedural adequacy. Procedural adequacy doctrine gives federal courts the power to ignore procedural defaults and declare state procedural rules inadequate when those rules unduly burden defendants’ abilities to assert violations of their federal rights. And unlike the more commonly invoked cause and prejudice doctrine, which excuses default on the theory that a defendant’s unusual circumstances justify an exception to the rules, procedural adequacy doctrine allows courts to question the legitimacy of the state procedural regimes themselves. Procedural adequacy doctrine can therefore catalyze reform in a way that cause and prejudice cannot.

For procedural adequacy litigation to catalyze reform, however, it must be adapted to modern circumstances in one crucial respect. Historically, procedural adequacy doctrine focused on cases involving the deliberate manipulation of individual rules. Today, what is needed is a structural approach to adequacy, one that would consider how the interaction of multiple procedural rules unfairly burdens federal rights. Such a structural approach to adequacy is consistent with the doctrine’s original purposes and is the most sensible way to apply procedural adequacy under current conditions. Litigants should accordingly deploy a structural approach to procedural adequacy doctrine and use it to stop states from burying systemic constitutional violations in complicated procedural labyrinths.
Saving Title IX: Designing More Equitable and Efficient Investigation Procedures
Authors: Ellman-Golan Emma
Published: January 2022

In 2011, the Department of Education’s Office of Civil Rights (OCR) issued guidance on Title IX compliance. This guidance has resulted in the creation of investigative and adjudicatory tribunals at colleges and universities receiving federal funds to hear claims of sexual assault, harassment, and violence. OCR’s enforcement efforts are a laudable response to an epidemic of sexual violence on college campuses, but they have faced criticism from administrators, law professors, and potential members of the Trump Administration. This Note suggests ways to alter current Title IX enforcement mechanisms to placate critics and to maintain OCR enforcement as a bulwark against sexual violence on college campuses.
Gerrymandering and the Constitutional Norm Against Government Partisanship
Authors: Kang Michael
Published: January 2022

This Article challenges the basic premise in the law of gerrymandering that partisanship is a constitutional government purpose at all. The central problem, Justice Scalia once explained in Vieth v. Jubilerer, is that partisan gerrymandering becomes unconstitutional only when it “has gone too far,” giving rise to the intractable inquiry into “how much is too much.” But the premise that partisanship is an ordinary and lawful purpose, articulated confidently as settled law and widely understood as such, is largely wrong as constitutional doctrine. The Article surveys constitutional law to demonstrate the vitality of an important, if implicit norm against government partisanship across a variety of settings. From political patronage, to government speech, to election administration and even in redistricting itself, Vieth is the exception in failing to bar tribal partisanship as a legitimate state interest in lawmaking.

The puzzle therefore is why the Supreme Court in Vieth diverged from this overarching norm for legislative redistricting where the need for government nonpartisanship is most acute and so rarely met. The Article proposes a new approach focused on legitimate state interest and partisan purpose, building on a constitutional norm against government partisanship. The importance of consolidating and reifying this norm, in its most salient legal context, cannot be overstated at a time when hyperpolarization between the major parties dominates national politics and is at its most severe in our lifetime.
Protecting Whistleblowing (and Not Just Whistleblowers)
Authors: Ballan Evan
Published: January 2022

When the government contracts with private parties, the risk of fraud runs high. Fraud against the government hurts everyone: taxpayer money is wasted on inferior or nonexistent products and services, and the public bears the burdens attendant to those inadequate goods. To combat fraud, Congress has developed several statutory frameworks to encourage whistleblowers to come forward and report wrongdoing in exchange for a monetary reward. The federal False Claims Act allows whistleblowers to file an action in federal court on behalf of the United States, and to share in any recovery. Under the Dodd- Frank Act, the SEC Office of the Whistleblower investigates tips provided by whistleblowers and, in the event of a successful prosecution, pays an award to the tipster. The False Claims Act and SEC program both protect whistleblowers from retaliatory action from their employer. But the SEC program goes a step further: SEC Rule 21F-17 also prevents an employer from taking any action to interfere with the reporting of fraud. In this way, the SEC program protects not only whistleblowers, but also whistleblowing itself. It’s time for the False Claims Act to catch up. Congress should look to SEC Rule 21F-17 as a model for how it could amend the False Claims to establish a cause of action against contractors who take steps to chill or restrict their employees from bringing forward claims of fraud. In doing so, it will vindicate the original intent and purpose of the False Claims Act and encourage whistleblowers to come forward and put an end to corporate wrongdoing. Protecting whistleblowing benefits the government, taxpayers, and whistleblowers—and ensures that the False Claims Act remains an effective instrument in the fight against fraud.
Regulating Black-Box Medicine
Authors: Price W.
Published: January 2022

Data drive modern medicine. And our tools to analyze those data are growing ever more powerful. As health data are collected in greater and greater amounts, sophisticated algorithms based on those data can drive medical innovation, improve the process of care, and increase efficiency. Those algorithms, however, vary widely in quality. Some are accurate and powerful, while others may be riddled with errors or based on faulty science. When an opaque algorithm recommends an insulin dose to a diabetic patient, how do we know that dose is correct? Patients, providers, and insurers face substantial difficulties in identifying high-quality algorithms; they lack both expertise and proprietary information. How should we ensure that medical algorithms are safe and effective?

Medical algorithms need regulatory oversight, but that oversight must be appropriately tailored. Unfortunately, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has suggested that it will regulate algorithms under its traditional framework, a relatively rigid system that is likely to stifle innovation and to block the development of more flexible, current algorithms.

This Article draws upon ideas from the new governance movement to suggest a different path. FDA should pursue a more adaptive regulatory approach with requirements that developers disclose information underlying their algorithms. Disclosure would allow FDA oversight to be supplemented with evaluation by providers, hospitals, and insurers. This collaborative approach would supplement the agency’s review with ongoing real-world feedback from sophisticated market actors. Medical algorithms have tremendous potential, but ensuring that such potential is developed in high-quality ways demands a careful balancing between public and private oversight, and a role for FDA that mediates—but does not dominate—the rapidly developing industry.
Why Diagnostic Expectations Cannot Replace REH
Authors:   Department of Economics, New York University, Frydman Roman , Frydman Halina ,   Department of Technology, Operations and Statistics, Stern School of Business, New York University
Published: January 2022

Gennaioli and Shleifer (GS) have proposed diagnostic expectations (DE) as an empirically-based approach to specifying participants’ expectations, which, like REH, can be applied in every model. Beyond its supposedly general applicability, GS’s formalization of DE implies that participants systematically and predictably overreact to news. Here, we present a formal argument that Kahneman and Tversky’s compelling empirical findings, and those of other behavioral economists, do not provide a basis for a general approach to specifying participants’ “predictable errors.” We also show that the overreaction of participants’ expectations is not a regularity, but rather an artifact of GS’s particular specification of DE.
SOLUBILITY OF La, Gd, Sm CHLORIDES IN TERNARY WATER-SALT SYSTEMS IN THE PRESENCE OF WATER-SOLUBLE FULLERENOL – C60(OH)24 NANOCLUSTER AT 25 °C. SECHENOV MODIFIED MODEL OF SOLUBILITY OF NONELECTROLYTES IN ELECTROLYTE SOLUTION - SEM
Authors:   Saint-Petersburg State Institute of Technology, Kanbar Ayat , Charykov Nikolay A. ,   St Petersburg State Institute of Technology,   St Petersburg Electrotechnical University «LETI», Keskinov Victor A. ,   Saint-Petersburg State Institute of Technology, Malysheva Polina V. ,   Saint-Petersburg State Institute of Technology, Shaymardanov Zhasulan K. ,   D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan State Technical University, Shaymardanova Botagoz K. ,   D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan State Technical University, Kulenova Natalya A. ,   D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan State Technical University, Sadenova Marchzan A. ,   D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan State Technical University, Shushkevich Liudmila V. ,   D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan State Technical University, Letenko Dmitrii G. ,   St Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering
Published: January 2022

Solubility in triple water-salt systems containing LaCl3, GdCl3, SmCl3 chlorides and water-soluble fullerenol C60(OH)24 at 25oC was studied by the method of isothermal saturation in ampoules. The analysis for the content of rare earth elements was carried out by atomic absorption spectroscopy, for the content of fullerenol – by electronic spectrophotometry. Solubility diagrams in all four ternary systems are simple eutonic, both consist of two branches corresponding to the crystallization of fullerenol crystallohydrate and rare earth elements chloride crystallohydrates, and contain one non-invariant point corresponding to saturation with both solid phases. On the long branches of crystallization of C60(OH)24, a pronounced salting effect is observed – the solubility of C60(OH)24•18H2O decreases by a factor of more than a hundred compared with the solubility of fullerenol in water. On very short branches of crystallization of LaCl3•7H2O, GdCl3•6H2O, SmCl3•6H2O, the effect of salting-in effect is clearly observed, the solubility of all four chlorides increases markedly. All diagrams cannot be accurately approximated by Sechenov monoparametric equation – SE – and are very accurately approximated by Sechenov trinomial modified three-parameter equation SEM-3. Comparison of calculations in similar triple systems containing water-soluble fullerenol C60(OH)24 and NaCl, CuCl2, UO2Cl2 shows the applicability of the classical SE model to systems with NaCl, SEM-3 model and the four-parameter SEM-4 model for a system with UO2Cl2
CURRENT TECHNOLOGIES OF ALUMINUM HYDROXIDE RAW MATERIALS PRODUCTION FOR SUPPORT OF THE CATALYSTS
Authors:   Saint-Petersburg State Institute of Technology, Knyazev Andrey V. ,   LLC RUSAL ITC, Lavrov Boris A. ,   Saint-Petersburg State Institute of Technology
Published: January 2022

The article contains bibliographic information about the most common industrial technologies for the production of raw materials for catalyst carriers based on aluminum hydroxides. The recent innovations in the field of obtaining pseudoboehmite were described. A comparative analysis of the advantages and limitations of the described technologies was carried out. The characteristics of the production of special grades of aluminum hydroxides in the territory of the Russian Federation were compiled
THE FORMATION OF PRIMARY IGNITION SOURCES WITH IMPACTIVE EXPLOSIVES INITIATION
Authors:   Saint-Petersburg State Institute of Technology, Grigoriev Aleksey U. , Ukraintseva Tatyana V. ,   Saint-Petersburg State Institute of Technology
Published: January 2022

In the article, an attempt was made to develop a theory of formation of primary decomposition sources in energy-saturated materials. Meanwhile, probabilistic values are used: relative speed of primary decomposition "sources" occurrence and the quantity of those sources. A special role in the initiation is given to the occurrence of so-called clusters of primary sources, which sizes exceed the critical one, which is determined by the charge size and the conditions of initiation. The proposed model defines the optimal initiation speed leading to guaranteed detonation excitation and becomes a prerequisite for blasting explosives probabilistic initiation theory development.
THE USE OF NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC ASPHALTITE IN ROAD CONSTRUCTION
Authors:   Saint-Petersburg State Institute of Technology, Kuznetsova Victoria M. , Flisyuk Oleg M. ,   Saint-Petersburg State Institute of Technology, Dronov Sergey V. ,   Saint-Petersburg State Institute of Technology, Nechaev Andrey N. ,   LLC «Gazpromneft - Bitumen Materials», Pustynnikov Alexey Yu. ,   LLC «Gazpromneft - Bitumen Materials»
Published: January 2022

The article presents Russian and foreign experience in the use of natural and synthetic asphaltites for the modification of road bitumen, as well as various methods of obtaining synthetic asphaltites
Hubungan Pemberian ASI Eksklusif dengan Kejadian Stunting pada Anak Balita
Authors: Louis Stephanie Lexy , Mirania Ayu Nina , Yuniarti Evi
Published: January 2022

Stunting merupakan permasalahan gizi kronis yang disebabkan oleh asupan gizi yang kurang dalam waktu cukup lama akibat pemberian makanan yang tidak sesuai dengan kebutuhan. Berdasarkan data pada tahun 2018, terdapat 17 kabupaten/kota di Sumatera Selatan yang mengalami stunting pada usia balita, salah satunya adalah kota Palembang dengan prevalensi 25,90%. Penderita stunting di Kota Palembang di Kelurahan Talang Kelapa sebanyak 204 orang, di 14 Ulu sebanyak 176 orang dan di 9/10 Ulu sebanyak 139 orang. ). Stunting dapat diantisipasi dengan cara seperti ASI eksklusif hingga usia 6 bulan, makanan yang  bergizi baik, pola hidup bersih dan sehat, aktivitas fisik, tumbuh kembang anak dipantau secara bertahap. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan ASI Eksklusif dengan kejadian Stunting pada anak balita. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian survei analitik dan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel diambil menggunakan teknik random sampling. Analisa data menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil penelitian pada variabel pemberian ASI eksklusif didapatkan nilai p=0,02 (<?=0,05). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu ada hubungan antara ASI eksklusif dengan kejadian stunting pada anak balita usia 12-59 bulan dengan nilai p=0,002 (<?=0,05). Saran dari penelitian ini yaitu bagi ibu agar dapat memberikan ASI eksklusif kepada bayinya sampai usia 6 bulan serta melanjutkan pemberian ASI sampai anak berusia 2 tahun serta melakukan deteksi dini stunting dengan mengunjungi fasilitas kesehatan petugas kesehatan di Puskesmas Merdeka hendaknya tetap mempertahankan serta meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan kesehatan di wilayah kerja setempat.
Estrategias de comunicación aplicadas a PYMES entre los años 2016 y 2021: una revisión de literatura
Authors: Lay Gonzalez Ana Paula , Morishigue Alva Paula Nezumi
Published: January 2022

El presente trabajo de revisión sistemática de literatura tuvo como objetivo determinar cuál es el estado del conocimiento actual acerca de las estrategias de comunicación aplicadas en las PYMES a partir de las publicaciones científicas durante los últimos cinco años aparecidas en las revistas indexadas, para esto se definieron criterios a seguir como la búsqueda de artículos dentro de buscadores certificados con el fin de cumplir con nuestro objetivo. En la primera búsqueda se recolectaron 40 artículos los cuales fueron filtrados para obtener artículos requeridos (n=30). Se realizó un análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo para poder analizar los artículos recopilados y hallar categorías en ellos. El análisis cuantitativo mostró el sesgo de criterios, idiomas y países destacando Colombia con cantidad de investigaciones, también se identificó que el 100% de los artículos están indexados en Scielo. El análisis cualitativo permite analizar tres criterios: herramientas de comunicación, TIC e influencias internas y externas. Se concluye que las estrategias de comunicación son muy poco estudiadas o solo se analizan parte de ella, sin embargo, se tiene conocimiento que estas ya se están aplicando en poca medida dentro de las pymes.
Development and Validation of the Job Satisfaction Brief Scale
Authors: Rosario-Hernández Ernesto , Rovira-Millán Lillian V. , Blanco-Rovira Rafael A.
Published: January 2022

This research aimed to develop and validate an instrument to measure job satisfaction in general. A total of 1,491 employed people who worked at least 20 hours per week and were 21 years of age or older participated in the study. The Job Satisfaction Brief Scale was developed with a total of eight items. Several exploratory factor analyses and several confirmatory factor analyses were performed using structural equation modeling to examine the scale's internal structure. The final version of the scale was composed of four items for which Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega coefficients were examined and fluctuated between .77 to .78. The results of the factor analyses, especially the confirmatory one, support the one-dimensional internal structure. The new scale appears to be invariance among gender, age, job position, and type of organization. In this way, the results provide evidence of the validity and reliability of the instrument created to measure job satisfaction in general.
Peningkatan Kualitas Bacaan Kitab Kuning bagi Santri Desa di Pondok Pesantren Wali Songo Pleret Bantul
Authors: Khabibullah Muhammad , Ichsan Ahmad Shofiyuddin , Ashari Muh. Subhan
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini mengungkap bagaimana meningkatkan bacaan kitab kuning melalui metode sorogan terhadap santri desa di Pondok Pesantren Wali Songo Pleret Bantul dan apa saja faktor dan penghambat dalam penerapan metode sorogan untuk meningkatkan bacaan kitab kuning santri desa di pesantren tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif, sedangkan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa upaya ustaz dalam meningkatkan kemampuan membaca kitab kuning bagi santri desa yaitu dengan menerapkan metode sorogan dipandang sangat efektif. Hal ini didasari oleh tujuan pokok metode sorogan yaitu meningkatkan kualitas membaca, kepemahaman isi, dan dapat mengungkapkan isi bacaan. Tidak hanya itu, peningkatan itu terlihat juga dari banyaknya faktor pendukung dan minimnya faktor penghambat.
ANALISIS MARKETING POLITIK PASANGAN FAIRID NAPARIN DAN UMI MASTIKAH DALAM PEMILIHAN KEPALA DAERAH DI KOTA PALANGKA RAYA 2018
Authors: Guntara Robbi , Zulfauzan Ricky , Haridison Anyualatha
Published: January 2022

Political marketing is a marketing activity that aims to convey something to the public to know, understand the aims and objectives, trust, and accept and choose what the objectives of political marketing do. In this case in 2018 Palangkaraya City followed the local elections simultaneously in the election of mayor and deputy mayor won by the pair Fairid Naparin and Umi Mastikah. So with this, by analyzing the political marketing of couples Fairid Naparin and Umi Mastikah are things that need to be known to be understanding in terms of political marketing. This study uses descriptive research methods with a qualitative approach obtained based on the ability of researchers to connect the facts, data, and information obtained during the study. The objectives of this study are (1) Products, (2) Promotions, (3) Prices, and (4) Placements. The results of the research aim to convey something to the public in the form of products that are marketed based on partner's personal data, contain mature concepts, have a work program called vision and mission, promotion is the act of conveying to the public in such a way that suits the needs of the community, price not necessarily said in money, but how it has a price in the form of trust or confidence, and placement is an act that is carried out in the distribution or communication to the public. As a supporting factor for success in the presence of religion, family relationships, and age become the capital in determining political marketing to the voters to be delivered.
Finding Home: Developing a Sense of Belonging Through Service-Learning
Authors: He Siqing "Erica"
Published: January 2022

The study discussed in this article explored how 1.25-generation Asian immigrant high school students negotiated their sense of belonging as they participated in an afterschool service-learning-based program and made sense of their experiences. Having immigrated during their teenage years, 1.25-generation immigrant students may face more exacerbated isolation from the mainstream community due to language and cultural barriers compared to youth who immigrated at younger ages. Findings from the study show that participants’ experiences with service-learning-based pedagogy positively impacted their sense of belonging to the local community as they increased their knowledge about the community, rebuilt their confidence through formal leadership roles, and formed relational bonds with community members they met at the service-learning projects. The findings suggest therefore that participants broadened their sense of inclusion and belonging even if they had recently joined the space or community.
Addressing Complex Public Problems Through Coalition-Based Approaches: Collective Impact and the CEP Competencies
Authors: Brown Melanie , Moore Tami L.
Published: January 2022

The most intractable public problems can be resolved only with the engagement of broad-based cross-sector coalitions. On university campuses, interdisciplinary coalitions are formed in recognition that one discipline alone cannot address a systemic challenge. Collective impact (Kania & Kramer, 2011, 2013) has emerged as a collaborative community-based approach to addressing entrenched, complex issues and may extrapolate well to community–campus engagement. This article explores the intersection of university and community approaches to addressing complex issues through coalition-based strategies, in particular the emerging role of community engagement professionals in leading change. Next-generation community engagement professionals play a key role in convening, facilitating, and leading campus–community coalitions to solve complex public problems. The preliminary competency model for community engagement professionals (Dostilio et al., 2017) includes cultivating the conditions for change as a core theme, including the convening of collaborative groups in the context of the interdisciplinary, cross-sector environment typical at the nexus of campuses and communities.
The influence of memory on the speech-to-song illusion
Authors: Soehlke Lauren E. , Kamat Ashwini , Castro Nichol , Vitevitch Michael S.
Published: January 2022

In the speech-to-song illusion a spoken phrase is presented repeatedly and begins to sound as if it is being sung. Anecdotal reports suggest that subsequent presentations of a previously heard phrase enhance the illusion, even if several hours or days have elapsed between presentations. In Experiment 1, we examined in a controlled laboratory setting whether memory traces for a previously heard phrase would influence song-like ratings to a subsequent presentation of that phrase. The results showed that word lists that were played several times throughout the experimental session were rated as being more song-like at the end of the experiment than word lists that were played only once in the experimental session. In Experiment 2, we examined if the memory traces that influenced the speech-to-song illusion were abstract in nature or exemplar-based by playing some word lists several times during the experiment in the same voice and playing other word lists several times during the experiment but in different voices. The results showed that word lists played in the same voice were rated as more song-like at the end of the experiment than word lists played in different voices. Many previous studies have examined how various aspects of the stimulus itself influences the perception of the speech-to-song illusion. The results of the present experiments demonstrate that memory traces of the stimulus also influence the speech-to-song illusion.
Transition of Natural Pedology into Man Made Anthropedogenesis through Anthropocene Epoch- A review
Authors:   PhD Scholar, Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry,  Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641 0033, India, Mageshen VR , Meena S ,   Professor, Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641 003, India, P Santhy ,   Professor, Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641 003, India, Latha MR ,   Professor, Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641 003, India
Published: January 2022

The renowned science of pedology, which commenced in the nineteenth century as a study of natural processes in soil formation, is adapting to the demands of the Anthropocene, the geologic period during which planet Earth and its soils change from natural to humannatural systems. The term Anthropocene comes from the Greek words anthropos, which means "man," and cene, which means "new." Within the Geological Time Scale, the 'Anthropocene' is not yet a formally recognised geological unit. The Anthropocene Working Group (AWG) is working on a proposal to codify the word for discussion. Anthropedogenic processes are characterised as artificial settings that dramatically alter natural soil formation processes or causes. In any given setting, human actions alter one or more of the five soil-forming factors. Given that humans differ from other organisms in that they purposefully manage soils independently of other soil-forming variables, and because they employ technology to affect soils on a far larger scale than other organisms. Humans' collective impacts on soil development have been categorised as a sixth soil-forming component. The basic science of pedology, the study of natural soil formation, is evolving into the science of anthropedogenesis in the Anthropocene. The future of pedology is a resurgent discipline known as anthropedology, which draws on previous pedology but moves from "human as outsider" to "human as insider." In other words, in pedology, the human must transform from a soil-disturbing to a soil-forming agent.
The Fluctuation in Interest Rate, Exchange Rate and Crude Oil Price and its impact on Stock Market
Authors:   SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Delhi NCR Campus Delhi NCR Campus, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India, Saraswat Dr. Gopal Bihari , Saraswat Dr. Madhav ,   Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India., Singh Dr. Sanjay Kumar ,   SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Delhi NCR Campus Delhi NCR Campus, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India, Tiwari Dr. Ravi Shekhar ,   SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Delhi NCR Campus Delhi NCR Campus, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
Published: January 2022

Tiwari
Pelatihan Pemanfaatan Buah Mangrove Menjadi Produk Pangan Bagi Masyarakat
Authors: Baderan Dewi Wahyuni , Musa Weny JA
Published: January 2022

Mangroves are ecosystems in coastal areas that have important ecological and economic benefits derived from leaves, seeds and fruit. One of the coastal areas that contains mangrove forests is Bajo Village, Tilamuta District, Bualemo Regency, Gorontalo Province which is included in the Tomini Bay marine area which is the heart of the socio-economic life of the local community. Not many coastal communities know that mangroves contain nutrients including carbohydrates, proteins, and antioxidants that are important for humans, which are sourced from fruit and mangrove propagules and can be developed into raw materials for several foods that contain nutrients for human health. The specific target to be achieved is to provide knowledge/technology about diversification of non-rice food ingredients to coastal communities, especially those in the coastal area of Bajo Village, Tilamuta District, Bualemo Regency, Gorontalo Province in order to produce various products as an effort to improve the family economy. The methods to be used are group discussion, lecture, participatory, and exercise methods. If this group of women fishermen is skilled at processing mangrove fruit and marketing it, it is expected to increase the independence, quality of life, and family income of coastal women. In the long term, it becomes a mangrove-based livelihood system that supports the income of the Bajo coastal population. Mangrove-based livelihood systems require sustainable mangrove raw materials, this is an incentive for women to plant mangroves and preserve them. Thus, this activity empowers women fishermen to have equal access to mangrove conservation, and reduces carbon emissions in order to overcome global warming and climate change and to overcome food shortages in the future.
Pengoptimalan Pelaksanaan Pembangunan Desa melalui Pendampingan Perumusan Dokumen Perencanaan
Authors: Mamu Hartono , Aydalina Regina Valentine
Published: January 2022

The success of “Developing Villages” is very much determined by a careful planning that is able to answer problems and anticipate opportunities and challenges that arise carefully and in the process carried out in a participatory manner by involving all stakeholders including the community and village officials/apparatus.The method used in the implementation of the Thematic Village Community Service Program is mentoring. At the end of this activity, a village planning document was obtained in the form of a Village Program Work Plan (RKPD) with the village priority program being the provision of clean water. In addition, students carry out additional activities in the village, namely Takraw Competitions between hamlets as an effort to strengthen the sense of brotherhood among residents.
Penerapan Pengawasan Konservasi Satwa Kelelawar Secara Mandiri
Authors: Laya Nibras Karnain , Dako Safriyanto , Datau Fahria , Fathan Suparmin , Sampow Stevandi , Baderan Ismail
Published: January 2022

Supervision of the conservation of bat animals in ensuring the preservation of bat animals and economic stability for the beneficiary groups. The purpose of the service is to implement independent supervision of bat conservation. Conservation monitoring activities are carried out in the Bat Conservation area in Olibu Village, Paguyaman Pantai District, Boalemo Regency. The target group is the Bat Utilization Group and the community. Service activities are focused on increasing group and community understanding of supervisory understanding (1). Designing an independent conservation monitoring model focused on monitoring the fishing process and monitoring conservation areas (2). Monitoring line (3). The initial assessment illustrates that the group's understanding of the importance of supervision is still low at 9.95% before receiving material delivery. The final assessment illustrates that there is an increased understanding of knowledge about the self-monitoring model that will be applied in conservation areas by 82.93%. Supervision activities on the management of bat animal capture are comprehensive supervision, starting from the time the catching is carried out until the bats are marketed. Supervision during capture is needed in order to stabilize the protection and survival of captured bats, especially for animals that are not fit to be caught and traded. Supervision of Conservation Areas is the right step to take in preserving bat animals and economic stability for groups using bats, in addition to existing conservation areas, they can develop into tourist areas. There are 2 bat control lines and a conservation area, namely land and sea routes. The monitoring model for bat conservation independently can be realized by involving groups of users, the village community as the object of supervision over the activities of monitoring the capture management process and supervision of conservation areas, while the Olibu village government as a supervisory control through implementation.
Penatalaksanaan Pembuatan Logmar Chart dengan Menggunakan Simbol
Authors: Muhammad Jabbar Jaja , Leviana Permatasari Nabila
Published: January 2022

Berdasarkan studi pendahuluan di Desa Cipanjalu Kecamatan Cilengkrang Kabupaten Bandung, chart untuk pemeriksaan Low Vision hanya mempunyai tipe yang menggunakan huruf Alphabet dan E Chart.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat Instrumentasi Refraksi di Laboratorium Refraksi Optisi STIKes Dharma Husada, berupa Chart Simbol dengan besaran simbol yang baik dan benar sesuai dengan ketentuan yang berlaku. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental.

Populasi dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 10 orang diantaranya,  anak berusia 3-4 tahun, orang tua, dan para  ahli Refraksi Optisi.

Sampel yang di gunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah simple random sampling dengan menggunakan sistem sampling jenuh dari 4 orang anak berusia 3-4 tahun, orang tua sebanyak 4 orang, dan 2 ahli Refraksi Optisi untuk melakukan pengujian terhadap LogMAR Chart, dengan pengulangan sebanyak 5 kali.

Hasil peneitian dari uji banding Chart Simbol, LogMAR Chart (E Chart), dan Visus Projector terhadap 8 responden dengan pengulangan 5 kali didapatkan secara keseluhan, responden tersebut dapat menyebutkan arah dan symbol atau gambar dengan baik dan benar.

Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah sesuai hasil tabel kesalahan relatif dapat disimpulkan bahwa, alat peneliti layak untuk digunakan. Chart Simbol dapat dibuat dengan besaran yang sesuai dengan ketentuan dan dapat digunakan sebagai alat pengganti LogMAR Chart dalam bentuk e chart.
Physical Properties and Impact Parameter Variations of Kepler Planets from Analytic Light-curve Modeling
Authors: Judkovsky Yair , Ofir Aviv , Aharonson Oded
Published: January 2022

We apply AnalyticLC, an analytic model described in an accompanying paper, to interpret Kepler data of systems that contain two or three transiting planets. We perform tests to verify that the obtained solutions agree with full N-body integrations, and that the number of model parameters is statistically justified. We probe non-co-planar interactions via impact parameter variations (TbVs), enabled by our analytic model. The subset of systems with a valid solution includes 54 systems composed of 140 planets, more than half of which are without previously reported mass constraints. Overall we provide: (i) estimates of physical and orbital properties for all systems analyzed; (ii) 102 planets with mass detections significant to better than 3σ, 43 of which have masses below 5 m
⊕; and (iii) 35 TbVs significant to better than 3σ. We focus on select systems showing strong TbVs, which can result from either interaction among the known transiting planets, or with a nontransiting object, and provide: (iv) a method to constrain the parameters of such unseen companions. These results are enabled by an accurate 3D photodynamical model, of a kind expected to become increasingly important for modeling multidecade photometric and composite (radial velocity, astrometry) data sets.
Extremely Broad Lyα Line Emission from the Molecular Intragroup Medium in Stephan’s Quintet: Evidence for a Turbulent Cascade in a Highly Clumpy Multiphase Medium?
Authors: Guillard P. , Appleton P. N , Boulanger F. , Shull J. M. , Lehnert M. D. , Pineau des Forets G. , Falgarone E. , Cluver M. E. , Xu C. K. , Gallagher S. C. , Duc P. A.
Published: January 2022

We present Hubble Space Telescope Cosmic Origin Spectrograph (COS) UV line spectroscopy and integral-field unit (IFU) observations of the intragroup medium in Stephan’s Quintet (SQ). SQ hosts a 30 kpc long shocked ridge triggered by a galaxy collision at a relative velocity of 1000 km s−1, where large amounts of molecular gas coexist with a hot, X-ray-emitting, plasma. COS spectroscopy at five positions sampling the diverse environments of the SQ intragroup medium reveals very broad (≈2000 km s−1) Lyα line emission with complex line shapes. The Lyα line profiles are similar to or much broader than those of Hβ, [C ii]157.7 μm, and CO (1–0) emission. The extreme breadth of the Lyα emission, compared with Hβ, implies resonance scattering within the observed structure. Scattering indicates that the neutral gas of the intragroup medium is clumpy, with a significant surface covering factor. We observe significant variations in the Lyα/Hβ flux ratio between positions and velocity components. From the mean line ratio averaged over positions and velocities, we estimate the effective escape fraction of Lyα photons to be ≈10%–30%. Remarkably, over more than four orders of magnitude in temperature, the powers radiated by X-rays, Lyα, H2, and [C ii] are comparable within a factor of a few, assuming that the ratio of the Lyα to H2 fluxes over the whole shocked intragroup medium stay in line with those observed at those five positions. Both shocks and mixing layers could contribute to the energy dissipation associated with a turbulent energy cascade. Our results may be relevant for the cooling of gas at high redshifts, where the metal content is lower than in this local system, and a high amplitude of turbulence is more common.
Simultaneous Constraints on the Star Formation History and Nucleosynthesis of Sculptor dSph
Authors: de los Reyes Mithi A. C. , Kirby Evan N. , Ji Alexander P. , Nuñez Evan H.
Published: January 2022

We demonstrate that using up to seven stellar abundance ratios can place observational constraints on the star formation histories (SFHs) of Local Group dSphs, using Sculptor dSph as a test case. We use a one-zone chemical evolution model to fit the overall abundance patterns of α elements (which probe the core-collapse supernovae that occur shortly after star formation), s-process elements (which probe AGB nucleosynthesis at intermediate delay times), and iron-peak elements (which probe delayed Type Ia supernovae). Our best-fit model indicates that Sculptor dSph has an ancient SFH, consistent with previous estimates from deep photometry. However, we derive a total star formation duration of ∼0.9 Gyr, which is shorter than photometrically derived SFHs. We explore the effect of various model assumptions on our measurement and find that modifications to these assumptions still produce relatively short SFHs of duration ≲1.4 Gyr. Our model is also able to compare sets of predicted nucleosynthetic yields for supernovae and AGB stars, and can provide insight into the nucleosynthesis of individual elements in Sculptor dSph. We find that observed [Mn/Fe] and [Ni/Fe] trends are most consistent with sub-M
Ch Type Ia supernova models, and that a combination of “prompt” (delay times similar to core-collapse supernovae) and “delayed” (minimum delay times ≳50 Myr) r-process events may be required to reproduce observed [Ba/Mg] and [Eu/Mg] trends.
Molecular Gas Properties and CO-to-H2 Conversion Factors in the Central Kiloparsec of NGC 3351
Authors: Teng Yu-Hsuan , Sandstrom Karin M. , Sun Jiayi , Leroy Adam K. , Johnson L. Clifton , Bolatto Alberto D. , Kruijssen J. M. Diederik , Schruba Andreas , Usero Antonio , Barnes Ashley T. , Bigiel Frank , Blanc Guillermo A. , Groves Brent , Israel Frank P. , Liu Daizhong , Rosolowsky Erik , Schinnerer Eva , Smith J. D. , Walter Fabian
Published: January 2022

The CO-to-H2 conversion factor (α
CO) is critical to studying molecular gas and star formation in galaxies. The value of α
CO has been found to vary within and between galaxies, but the specific environmental conditions that cause these variations are not fully understood. Previous observations on ~kiloparsec scales revealed low values of α
CO in the centers of some barred spiral galaxies, including NGC 3351. We present new Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array Band 3, 6, and 7 observations of 12CO, 13CO, and C18O lines on 100 pc scales in the inner ∼2 kpc of NGC 3351. Using multiline radiative transfer modeling and a Bayesian likelihood analysis, we infer the H2 density, kinetic temperature, CO column density per line width, and CO isotopologue abundances on a pixel-by-pixel basis. Our modeling implies the existence of a dominant gas component with a density of 2–3 × 103 cm−3 in the central ∼1 kpc and a high temperature of 30–60 K near the nucleus and near the contact points that connect to the bar-driven inflows. Assuming a CO/H2 abundance of 3 × 10−4, our analysis yields α
CO ∼ 0.5–2.0 M
⊙ (K km s−1 pc2)−1 with a decreasing trend with galactocentric radius in the central ∼1 kpc. The inflows show a substantially lower α
CO ≲ 0.1 M
⊙ (K km s−1 pc2)−1, likely due to lower optical depths caused by turbulence or shear in the inflows. Over the whole region, this gives an intensity-weighted α
CO of ∼1.5 M
⊙ (K km s−1 pc2)−1, which is similar to previous dust-modeling-based results at kiloparsec scales. This suggests that low α
CO on kiloparsec scales in the centers of some barred galaxies may be due to the contribution of low-optical-depth CO emission in bar-driven inflows.