bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Compared with two-stage revision, retained spacers have a similar infection-relief rate and a higher complication rate
Authors: Cai Yuanqing , Fang Xinyu , Lin Yi , Huang Zida , Zhang Chaofan , Li Wenbo , Zhang Wenming , Guan Zhenpeng
Published: November 2020

Background: Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a devastating complication for joint arthroplasty, there are many challenges in therapy. The treatment of PJI including surgery and systemic administration of antibiotics. As for surgery, two-stage revision is regarded as the “gold standard” for PJI treatment presently, in which antibiotic-impregnated spacers play an important role. However, some patients are unable to undergo reimplantation of the prosthesis after spacer implantation, this spacer, namely, “destination joint spacer”. The clinical outcomes of these patients remain unknown. The purpose of this research was to study the infection-relief rate and clinical outcome of these patients.Methods: From January 2006 to December 2017, data from PJI patients who underwent implantation with antibiotic-impregnated cement spacers in our center due to chronic PJI were collected retrospectively. Age, sex, body mass index (BMI) and laboratory test results were recorded, and the infection-relief rate and clinical outcomes were observed.Results: A total of 62 patients who were diagnosed with PJI were enrolled, with an age of 65.13 ±9.94 (39-88) years. There were 21 cases in the destination joint spacer group and 41 cases in the temporary spacer group (reimplantation of prosthesis after infection relief). The Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) in the destination joint spacer group was higher than that in the temporary spacer group. Our study showed that the infection-relief rate of destination joint spacers was similar to that of two-stage revision, but the incidence of complications was higher than that of two-stage revision, especially for the type I spacer used in this study.Conclusions: The infection-relief rate of destination joint spacers was similar to that of two-stage revision, but the complication rate was higher than that of two-stage revision (especially for the type I spacer).
Distinct methane-driven biogeochemical regimes in Arctic seafloor gas hydrate mounds
Authors: Klasek Scott , Hong Wei-Li , Torres Marta , Ross Stella , Hostetler Katelyn , Portnov Alexey , Grundger Friederike , Colwell Frederick
Published: November 2020

Archaea mediating anaerobic methane oxidation are key in preventing methane produced in marine sediments from reaching the hydrosphere; however, a complete understanding of how microbial communities in natural settings respond to changes in methane flux remains largely uncharacterized. We investigate microbial communities in gas hydrate-bearing seafloor mounds at Storfjordrenna, offshore Svalbard in the high Arctic, where distinct methane flux regimes ranging from steady-state dynamics, recent increase in subsurface diffusive flux, and gas seepage were identified. Populations of anaerobic methanotrophs and sulfate-reducing bacteria were highest at the seep site, while a recent increase in methane influx was associated with decreased community diversity. Despite high methane fluxes and methanotroph doubling times estimated at 5-9 months, microbial community responses were largely synchronous with the advancement of methane into shallower sediment horizons. Together, these provide a framework for interpreting subseafloor microbial responses to methane escape in a changing Arctic.
Kinetics and mechanism of oxidation of creatine by N-Bromosuccinimide in acidic aqueous medium
Authors:   Taif University, Saudi Arabia, Eljack NasmaDafalla , MubarakIbrahim Ehab ,   University of Khartoum, Sudan, Elsheikh Malik Abdalla ,   Taif University, Saudi Arabia, Alotaibi Mohammed Tarahib ,   Taif University, Saudi Arabia
Published: November 2020

The kinetics and the mechanism of oxidation of creatine (AA) by N-Bromosuccinimide (NBS) in an acidic aqueous medium were examined under isolation conditions. Iodometric method was used to follow the unconsumed NBS at different time intervals. Mercuric(II) acetate was used as a scavenger to capture any Br- formed during the reaction and hence to avoid autocatalytic oxidation by bromine. Findings from stoichiometry measurements revealed that the reaction between AA and NBS was a 2:1 molar ratio. The kinetic study showed that the reaction was first order with respect to both AA and NBS. Increasing [H+] had a negative effect on the rate of reaction. The effect that varying the solvent composition has on the rate of reaction was investigated, and it was found that the reaction rate decreased as the dielectric constant of the solvent increased. The temperature dependence was determined under fixed experimental conditions, from which thermodynamic parameters were calculated. From the proposed mechanism, a rate law was established that was in strong agreement with experimental kinetics.
DETERMINAÇÃO DE MERCÚRIO EM FÍGADO DE TETRÁPODES MARINHOS POR ESPECTROMETRIA DE FLUORESCÊNCIA ATÔMICA ACOPLADA A GERAÇÃO DE VAPOR FRIO (CV-AFS) E ESPECTROMETRIA DE MASSA COM FONTE DE PLASMA INDUTIVAMENTE ACOPLADO (ICP-MS): UMA COMPARAÇÃO SISTEMÁTICA ENTRE AS DUAS TÉCNICAS
Authors: Silva Raiza , Rocha Siomara , Menegário Amauri , Pedrobom Jorge , Sulato Everton , Luko Karen S. , Elias Lucas , Oliveira Lucia , Junior Ézio
Published: November 2020

DETERMINATION OF MERCURY IN LIVER OF MARINE TETRAPODS BY COLD VAPOR ATOMIC FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETRY AND INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA MASS SPECTROMETRY IN BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES: A SYSTEMATIC COMPARISON BETWEEN THE TWO TECHNIQUES. This study compares the techniques cold vapour atomic fluorescence spectrometry (CV-AFS) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for the determination of Hg in biological samples (hepatic tissue from marine tetrapods). Acid digestions were performed for the samples and aliquots of them were analysed by ICP-MS and CV-AFS. To minimize the Hg memory effect in its determination by ICP-MS, gold (200 μg L-1 in 5% v v-1 HCl) was added to the sample digests. The detection limits were 0.02 mg kg-1 for ICP-MS and 0.01 mg kg-1 for CV-AFS. Accuracy was assessed by the calculation of the recovery obtained from TORT-3 (lobster hepatopancreas) certified reference material analysis. Accurate results were obtained for both CV-AFS and ICP-MS. The comparison of the results obtained for hepatic tissue with and without lyophilization showed a significant difference among them (at 95% of confidence level), evidencing losses of Hg in the lyophilization process.
Mathematical model of complex control of the vibratory transportation and technological process
Authors: Zviadauri V. , Tumanishvili G. G. , Tsotskhalashvili M.
Published: November 2020

The vibratory transportation and technological process is a dynamically sensitive operation which includes physically different components: vibro-exciter, elastic system, working member (absolutely rigid or of finite rigidity) and various friable loads. Interaction of these components predetermines the behavior of the friable material on the surface of the working member (WM). At the same time, existing simple models or physical experiments cannot provide sufficient precision to adequately research the mentioned complex process. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a more precise mathematical model ensuring the study and revelation of the still hidden factors influencing the vibratory process. A new generalized dynamical spatial model of the loaded vibratory technologic machine (vibro-exciter, working member, load) developed on the basis of the systemic approach is presented in the work and a system of interconnected equations of movements of the constituent masses considering dynamical, geometrical and physical parameters, is obtained. The change of parameters is reflected on the variation of dynamical characteristics of the system that allows a thorough study of the technological process with the help of mathematical modeling. Using the presented model, it is possible to find the physical parameters and their combinations, realization of which will promote the improvement of the technological process. Some results of the modeling are presented. A new design of the vibro-exciter developed on the basis of the results of modeling is presented as well.
Vibration analysis of three-DOF motor with liquid suspension based on fluid-solid coupling
Authors: Li Zheng , Yue Feihong
Published: November 2020

Based on the combination of elastohydrodynamic lubrication and contact deformation theory, i.e. fluid-solid coupling theory, and considering the surface roughness of stator and rotor, a three-degree-of-freedom vibration model of spherical bearings with spiral grooves is established. The finite difference method is used to calculate and analyze the distribution of lubricating film pressure, film thickness and the influence of eccentricity of rotor on film pressure. Combining the stiffness of lubricating oil film with the finite element method, the displacement, stator vibration speed, acceleration and displacement of lubricating oil film are calculated from the angle of elastic boundary, and compared with the slotless structure. The results show that the bearing capacity of lubricating oil film of spherical bearing is improved and the stability of continuous oil film is improved by adding spiral groove. Secondly, the vibration characteristics of stator and rotor with spiral groove structure are more in line with the viscoelastic periodic distribution law. The vibration stability of the system is improved. In order to further optimize the vibration stability of the motor, the theoretical basis is provided.
Methods of Preschoolers’ Preparation for School by the Means of the Latest Technologies and Software
Authors: Yunusova Gulshoda Nozihhonovna
Published: November 2020

The following article describes new aspects of computer and software utilization in the forms of games for preschoolers with the use of the latest technologies and methods for the purpose of effective preparation for school. The creation and the appliance of programs in the forms of games aimed at focusing, memory improvement, logical thinking, teachings of alphabets of three languages, teaching of robotics, constructing and assembling parts of a robot helps in preschoolers’ preparation for school. The present work shows the method of teachings of parts of a machine or a robot by the means of completing other exercises such as learning English words or math tasks, it also promotes usage of the newest STEAM technologies and appliance of mnemonic in memory control for more efficient memorizing of new knowledge. In the beginning of studies as a warm-up it is possible to use programs for child’s focusing, concentrating, memory improving and logical thinking. It allows to begin other exercises aimed at acquisition of knowledge in different fields. The article describes the methods of teachings of foreign words associating them with the words of first or Russian language based on the methods of mnemonic, comparison, analysis and synthesis of data. The result of teachings with such methods offered the children knowledge of alphabets of three languages, it also allowed the children to concentrate, develop and improve their visual and logical memory, the children independently noted the similarities and differences of letters and pronunciation. Education in STEAM technologies and mnemonic offers the new approach to full development with child’s entrance in the world of knowledge of alphabets of three languages, the thesaurus of English words, based on effective methods of mnemonic.
Development of Interest in Healthy Lifestyle Among Students
Authors: Tiosova Tatiana Nikolaevna
Published: November 2020

This article analyzes the results of a survey conducted among students of the faculty of Economics of the Vladivostok branch of the Russian Customs Academy. The main topic of the survey is the interest of students in the formation of a healthy lifestyle. During this research the method of the analysis of results of questioning among students and the analysis of the scientific literature reviewing this question was used.
Estágio Supervisionado e Residência Pedagógica: possibilidades para formação docente crítica
Authors: Maciel Alessandra de Oliveira , Lima Ana Ignez Belém , Pontes Junior José Airton de Freitas
Published: November 2020

Tendo como referências as políticas de direitos humanos e direitos fundamentais, a Constituição de 1988 e a LDB de 1996, a discussão da Política Nacional de Formação de Professores visa propor caminhos para superar a perspectiva reducionista de formação centrada nos processos de ensino e aprendizagem para ocupar-se também das relações humanas. O estudo teve como objetivo analisar o papel do Estágio Curricular Supervisionado (ECS) e da Residência Pedagógica (RP) como possíveis espaços de formação docente crítico-reflexiva. Em um estudo de caso de abordagem qualitativa, aplicamos um questionário a 56,8% dos coordenadores de ECS de uma universidade pública cearense, e na segunda etapa, realizamos entrevista semiestruturada com 04 desses coordenadores que assumem o ECS e a RP. As análises revelaram que as ações formativas da RP têm favorecido maior inserção docente e discente de forma crítica e reflexiva em relação às práticas acadêmicas e escolas participantes.
Movimentos sociais do campo, políticas educacionais e formação humana
Authors: Gonçalves Marli Clementino , Araújo Neuton Alves de
Published: November 2020

Este artigo objetiva analisar as contribuições dos movimentos sociais do campo para a construção de políticas educacionais inclusivas a partir da década de 90 do século XX, período em que no Brasil e na América Latina a política neoliberal em curso em todas as dimensões da sociedade redesenhava a ação do Estado. É nesse período, também, que os movimentos sociais do campo inserem com maior ênfase, na agenda política de suas organizações, a educação formal como bandeira de luta. A pesquisa, de base bibliográfica e documental, mapeou as ações coletivas desenvolvidas pelo Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST) a fim de garantir o direito à educação escolar nos assentamentos e acampamentos de reforma agrária, tendo como foco as proposições e o que se conseguiu assegurar no âmbito das políticas educacionais.
Educação do campo e o paradigma da extensão descolonial na universidade pública
Authors: Silva Maria do Socorro Pereira da
Published: November 2020

A educação pública brasileira enfrenta impasses na política de democratização da universidade com o desmonte da política educacional pelo governo ultraconservador. Essa política impacta no aumento da exclusão educacional dos povos do campo. Diante desse contexto, a educação do campo vem produzindo uma concepção de extensão popular que reafirma a valorização dos saberes dos camponeses na produção de uma educação libertadora. A extensão popular articula o diálogo entre conhecimento científico e popular no fortalecimento da pedagogia da alternância e na defesa da Educação do Campo. Interpelados pela problemática: como a extensão popular, no contexto da educação do campo, contribui com a descolonização da extensão universitária? A abordagem qualitativa e a investigação-ação participante fundamentam as bases metodológicas da pesquisa, com relação a análise dos dados utilizamos o método dialético. Os aportes teóricos que fundamentam a investigação: Freire (2006); Santos, (2010); Borda, (1981); Medeiros, (2010). Os resultados apontam para necessidade de descolonização da concepção de extensão acadêmica pelos princípios da extensão popular que se realiza pelo interconhecimento entre saberes científicos e saberes populares; articula novas bases teórico-metodológicas no trabalho educativo por meio de metodologias participativas. A extensão popular constitui os princípios para construção do conceito de extensão descolonial, que se efetiva pela intervenção ativa dos sujeitos do campo a partir de uma pedagogia participante que promove a descolonização do conhecimento e da universidade.
Gênero e sexualidade na escola em tempos de globalização: perspectivas e culturas adolescentes no Pantanal de Mato Grosso do Sul
Authors: Araújo de Lima Cláudia
Published: November 2020

As masculinidades e feminilidades, identidades de gênero e sexualidades expressas pelos adolescentes na atualidade, demandam atenção e refinamento científico para a formação de professores no debate sobre as novas culturas e expressões sociais latentes. Essa discussão vem aproximando pesquisadores e áreas interdisciplinares, ampliando as epistemologias e diálogos sociais nas áreas de educação, saúde e direitos humanos. A proposição de conhecer aspectos e culturas em gênero, sexualidade e diversidade, traz a triangulação de métodos para a pesquisa qualitativa, os desenhos exploratórios sobre as temáticas, considerando os desafios para coleta de dados, observação participante e análises transversais sobre as representações adolescentes. O pano de fundo apresenta um experimento em educação e saúde numa escola de ensino médio no Pantanal de Mato Grosso do Sul e suas reverberações na graduação em Pedagogia na Universidade. Os resultados se apresentam no momento em que discutimos a necessidade de a escola mediar o conhecimento acerca dessas temáticas, bem como a necessária formação docente em gênero, sexualidade e diversidade.
La evaluación como mecanismo de inclusión o exclusión docente
Authors: Sánchez Tomás , Santana Luisa Carlota , Velasco Martha
Published: November 2020

La evaluación docente es, en la actualidad, una temática recurrente y problemática en todos los ámbitos y niveles de la vida académica; por supuesto, no escapa a las instancias, instituciones, acciones y sujetos que configuran la educación superior. El ejercicio de análisis que presentamos seguidamente, derivado de un proceso de investigación ya finalizado, se relaciona con la una lectura acerca de los discursos y las prácticas evaluativas que permean este nivel de la educación en Colombia y que se concretan en las universidades, para nuestro caso en la Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas (Bogotá-Colombia), y la forma como su puesta en escena, podrían implicar acciones o procedimientos tanto de inclusión como de exclusión. La analítica descriptiva e interpretativa aquí expuesta se realiza sobre diversos documentos nacionales e institucionales de orden prescriptivo y normativo y, considera el examen de las prácticas institucionales e institucionalizadas sobre la evaluación docente.
Anti-Neuropathic Pain Activity of Ageratum conyzoides L due to the Essential Oil Components
Authors: Sukmawan Yedy Purwandi , Anggadiredja Kusnandar , Adnyana I Ketut
Published: November 2020

Background:

Neuropathic pain is one of the contributors to the global burdens of illness.
At present many patients do not achieve satisfactory pain relief even with synthetic painkillers.
Taking this into consideration, it is necessary to search for natural product-derived alternative
treatment with confirmed safety and efficacy. Ageratum conyzoides L is a plant often used as
an analgesic in Indonesia, however, anti-neuropathic pain activity of this plant is still unknown.

Objective:

To determine the anti-neuropathic pain activity of the essential oil and non-essential oil
component (distillation residue) of A. conyzoides L.

Methods:

We conducted the separation of the essential oil component from other secondary
metabolites through steam distillation. Both components were tested for anti-neuropathic pain activity
using chronic constriction injury animal models with thermal hyperalgesia and allodynia tests.
The animals were divided into 7 test groups, namely normal, sham, negative, positive (pregabalin
at 0.195 mg/20 g BW of mice), essential oil component (100 mg/kg BW), and non-essential oil
component (100 mg/kg BW). Naloxone was tested against the most potent anti-neuropathic pain
component (essential oil or non-essential oil) to investigate the involvement of opioid receptors.

Results:

The GC-MS of the essential oil component indicated the presence of 60 compounds.
Meanwhile, non-essential oil components include alkaloid, flavonoid, polyphenol, quinone,
steroid, and triterpenoid. This non-essential oil component contained a total flavonoid equivalent to
248.89 ppm quercetin. The anti-neuropathic pain activity test showed significantly higher activity
of the essential oil component compared to the non-essential oil component and negative groups
(p<0.05). Furthermore, the essential oil component showed equal activity to pregabalin (p>0.05).
However, this activity was abolished by naloxone, indicating the involvement of the opioid receptor
in the action of the essential oil component.

Conclusion:

The essential oil component of A. conyzoides L is a potential novel substance for use
as anti-neuropathic pain.
Evaluation of Anxiety Levels and Sleep Quality of Family Members Providing Home Care Services: A Case-Control Study
Authors: AKBAŞ GÜNEŞ Nurcan
Published: November 2020

Objective: In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the sleep quality of individuals who provide home care services regarding their duration of care service and the status of full or semi-dependent patients who receive home care services. Methods: Our study was conducted with 73 home caregiver participants (group 1) and 73 healthy volunteers (group 2). A questionnaire form was formulated for the evaluation of the participants. Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were applied to all participants. Results: When PSQI scores were evaluated between group 1 and group 2, statistically significant differences were detected (p=0.011). It was concluded that group 1 scores were higher than group 2 and sleep quality is worse. When the PSQI scores and the BAI scores were compared, statistically significant differences were detected (p <0.05). It was found that while the PSQI scores increased, the BAI scores also increased. A statistically significant relationship was also found between BAI scores and the number of diseases (single or multiple diseases) of the home care patients (p = 0.037, p <0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, health expresses a state of complete physical, spiritual, and social well-being. We should evaluate the patient and caregiver in this context and respond to their needs. Sleep is a condition that affects human life entirely. If we want to see a healthy home care patient, we must first ensure that the caregiver is healthy.
Modernização da gestão pública no Chile: progressos e desafios
Authors: Larrain Claudio Orrego
Published: November 2020

O artigo aborda o processo de modernização da gestão pública que vem acontecendo nos últimos anos no Chile, a partir do modelo histórico que o caracteriza e das principais rupturas enfrentadas pelo Estado chileno. Sistematiza as dimensões da modernização efetuada, considerando as relações metodológicas e sinergias entre áreas, bem com as desagregações ocorridas e os progressos efetivamente alcançados. São apontados os fatores críticos de sucesso, os focos institucionais de poder, as resistências à mudança e as fontes internacionais de apoio econômico e político.
The Review and Prospect of the Acquisition and Teaching Methods of Phrasal Verbs
Authors: Wang Liu , Chen Songsong
Published: November 2020

The phrasal verb (PV) plays an important role in the English output, but the English learners’ acquisition and usage situation of PVs is not so optimistic. Thus, phrasal verb has always been the hot research topic for the recent years. The previous researches mainly include the current English learners’ usage situation or the avoidance of the phrasal verbs, the factors affecting the acquisition of the phrasal verbs like the social and subjective factors and the linguistic rules, and the different teaching methods of phrasal verbs like the different input and output ways and the combination of input and output ways. All of these aspects are deserved to be studied and concluded to find out more effective methods for phrasal verbs acquisition and teaching. And the combination of cognitive linguistic method and the task-based output method maybe deserved to be tested for the potential advantages of both ways and the research gap.
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ RISC-V ДЛЯ УПРОЩЕНИЯ РЕГИСТРАЦИИ ДАННЫХ В КОСМОСЕ
Authors: Джонсон Д.
Published: November 2020

Рассмотрено применение процессоров RISC-V и радиационно-­стойких интегральных схем для регистрации данных в космосе. Отмечено, что использование таких устройств значительно упрощает регистрацию данных, а также резко снижает общий размер и вес подсистемы сбора телеметрии, одновременно повышая ее надежность.
ВЫБОР ПОДХОДЯЩЕГО ДАТЧИКА ДЛЯ ПРЕДИКТИВНОГО ТЕХНИЧЕСКОГО ОБСЛУЖИВАНИЯ
Authors: Мёрфи К.
Published: November 2020

Системы мониторинга состояния и предиктивного обслуживания позволяют диагностировать неисправности и прогнозировать возможные отказы оборудования во время эксплуатации. В статье рассмотрены типовые неисправности ротационного оборудования и наиболее распространенные типы датчиков, применяемых в системах мониторинга состояния, предложены рекомендации по выбору вибрационных и акустических датчиков для предиктивного обслуживания.
Sopa de elote (Zea mays) tipo crema con mucílago de nopal (Opuntia spp.) como espesante, sus características físicas y aceptación sensorial
Authors: Reyes-Buendía Claudia , Corrales- García José Joel E. , Peña-Valdivia Cecilia B. , Hernández Montes Arturo , Ybarra-Moncada Ma. Carmen
Published: November 2020

El mucílago de nopal (Opuntia spp.) es un polisacárido calificado como nutracéutico por sus efectos positivos en la fisiología de los humanos. Por otro lado, el mucílago puede usarse como espesante, ya que al hidratarse forma hidrocoloides. El objetivo de este estudio fue adicionar mucílago de nopal a la sopa de elote tipo crema y evaluar su efecto espesante y aceptación sensorial. El mucílago se extrajo de cladodios de Opuntia spp. de las variantesAtlixco, Milpa Alta, Toluca, Tobarito y Tuna Blanca. Las concentraciones evaluadas fueron 0.7 y 1.0% y se incluyó almidón como testigo. Con algunas excepciones, la sopa de los 10 tratamientos con mucílago mostró pH (entre 6.09 y 6.32) y viscosidad (entre 6.043 y 1.623 Pa s) sin diferencias significativas (p > 0.05) respecto a los testigos; además, mostró la misma saturación (entre 17.47º y 18.49º), mayor luminosidad (entre 46.15 y 47.72º) y menos color (entre 78.36 y 79.52º). La aceptabilidad sensorial por viscosidad, excepto con mucílago de Atlixco y de Toluca (17 y 7% menor, respectivamente), y la aceptabilidad sensorial global con el mucílago, de las cinco variantes fue hasta 19% menor que la de los testigos. Tendrá que ponderarse el beneficio de adicionar mucílago de nopal a la sopa de elote, para usarse como alimento funcional, sobre su aceptabilidad global.
Peranan Badan Narkotika Nasional (BNN) Dalam Upaya Pencegahan Terhadap Tindak Pidana Narkotika
Authors: Setiaawan Ida Bagus Trisnha , Widiati Ida Ayu Putu , Sudibya Diah Gayatri
Published: November 2020

Abstrak—Narkotika sebuah zat yang bisa membuat siapapun yang mengkonsumsinya menjadi hilang kesadaran serta berbagai efek buruk bisa ditimbulkan dari obat ini karena mengandung tanaman sentetis maupun semi sentetis yang berpengaruh pada kinerja otak sampai dengan menghilangnya rasa sakit yang dirasakan namun membuat ketergantungan parah, adapun jenis dan berbagai tipe serta golongan obat ini sudah dilampirkan dalam UU ini. Rumusan masalah dalam penulisan ini adalah bagaimanakah tugas dan wewenang Badan Narkotika Nasional dalam tindakpidana narkotika dan apa saja upaya Badan Narkotika Nasional dalam pencegahan tindak pidana narkotika. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah penelitian hukum normatif, penulis menggunakan pendekatan utama yaitu pendekatan perundang-undangan terhadap tindak pidana narkotika. Badan Narkotika Nasional ,praktik pertahanan bersama kendala-kendala yang berlangsung. Dalam pemberantasan tindak pidana narkotika yang dihadapi oleh Badan Narkotika Nasional, sumber bahan hukum penulis diperoleh sejak studi kepustakaan, melalui bahan hukum primer dan bahan hukum sekunder. Badan Narkotika Nasional ialah lembaga pemerintahan bukan kementerian mempunyai berpangkat di bawah Presiden serta bertanggung jawab kepada Presiden. Badan Narkotika Nasional mempunyai tugas dan kewenangan dalam bidang pencegahan dan pemberantasan dan penyalahgunaan narkotika. BNN menemui beberapa kendala dalam menjalankan tugasnya yaitu biaya operasional yang belum tercukupi, adanya faktor sarana dan prasarana yang kurang memadai, dan kurangnya peran serta masyarakat membantu BNN untuk mencegah tindak pidana narkotika.
Tanggungjawab Dokter Terhadap Pasien dalam Perjanjian Terapeutik
Authors: Putri Komang Ayu Windy Widyastari , Budiartha I Nyoman Putu , Arini Desak Gde Dwi
Published: November 2020

Abstrak—Manusia merupakan makhluk hidup yang berhak untuk mendapatkan lingkungan hidup yang baik dan sehat serta berhak mendapatkan pelayanan kesehatan. Sesuai dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 36 Tahun 2009 Tentang Kesehatan, Perjanjian Terapeutik merupakan hubungan antara dokter dengan pasien yang memberikan kewenangan kepada dokter untuk melakukan pelayanan kesehatan terhadap pasien berdasarkan keahlian dan keterampilan yang dimiliki oleh dokter. Tulisan ini berjudul Tanggungjawab Dokter Dalam Perjanjian Terapeutik Dengan Pasien. Tulisan ini dilatar belakangi oleh adanya praktek perjanjian terapeutik yang dilakukan oleh dokter dan pasien. Adapun rumusan masalah yang digunakan: 1. Bagaimana pengaturan hukum perjanjian terapeutik antara dokter dengan pasien dalam pelayanan medik? 2.Bagaimana tanggunjawab hukum perdata dan pidana antara dokter dengan pasien dalam perjanjian terapeutik?Tulisan ini juga bertujuan untuk mengetahui tanggungjawab dokter terhadap pasiennya dalam perjanjian terapeutik. Di dalam penulisannya menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konseptual, dan pendekatan dokumen. Sumber bahan hukum dalam penulisan ini adalah sumber bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier. Yang dapat disimpulkan dalam tulisan ini adalah perjanjian terapeutik antara dokter dengan pasien diatur dalam pasal Pertanggungjawaban Dokter dalam perjanjian Terapeutik secara umum dapat dibagi 3 yaitu (1) Perbuatan Melawan Hukum (Pasal 1365 KUH Perdata); (2) Lalai atau kekurang hati-hatian (Pasal 1366 KUH Perdata); (3) Tanggungjawab atasan terhadap bawahan (Pasal 1367 KUH Perdata), dan di tambah dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 36 tahun 2009 tentang kesehatan, pasal 56 ayat 1, 2, 3, pasal 57 ayat 1, 2, pasal 58 ayat 1, 2, 3.
Keberhasilan Petisi Pengesahan RUU Penghapusan Kekerasan Seksual terhadap Anak melalui Change.org
Authors: Kustriana Utin
Published: November 2020

Change.org adalah situs petisi global yang juga tersedia dalam bahasa Indonesia. Melalui situs ini publik dapat menyusun petisi untuk mendorong perubahan sosial. Studi ini meneliti keberhasilan petisi untuk ratifikasi UU Penghapusan Kekerasan Seksual melalui Change.org. Peneliti menggunakan paradigma konstruktivisme dan teori determinisme teknologi. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam dan studi literatur. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis data kualitatif. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa petisi untuk Rencana Penghapusan Kekerasan Seksual yang akan dihapus melalui situs web Change.org berhasil disahkan. Para penggagas petisi berhasil mengumpulkan sekitar 70 ribu pendukung, sehingga para pembuat keputusan menjadikannya pertimbangan penting. Untuk mendapatkan banyak dukungan, para penggagas petisi mendistribusikannya melalui email. Ia menggunakan kalimat yang sederhana dan jelas agar mudah dipahami. Dia juga menggunakan kalimat netral dan tidak menghakimi. Selain itu, para inisiator petisi menggunakan media lain untuk menjangkau sebanyak mungkin audiens, termasuk mereka yang tidak menggunakan media sosial. Kasus pelecehan seksual terhadap seorang siswa SMP di daerah Bengkulu oleh 14 remaja pada tahun 2016 menjadi faktor pendorong bagi banyak orang untuk mendukung petisi ini.
Biosimilar Biologic Drugs: A Systematic Approach to Development, Manufacturing and Clinical Applications
Authors: Aziz-Andersen Kaiser Jay
Published: November 2020

This publication addresses biosimilar biologic drugs development and future innovations. Emphasis is placed on quality system approaches to the development and availability of new biosimilar drug products presented in premarket applications. For approvals of new biosimilars, the sponsors of premarket applications must present analytical and biological characterization to demonstrate that a proposed biosimilar drug is highly similar to the licensed reference product. The premarket application protocol requires a sponsor to describe the biosimilar product’s PK/PD clinical data comparing its safety, efficacy, and immunogenicity to that of the licensed reference product. Emphasis is placed on Quality by Design (QbD), Validation, Verification, and c-GMP risk-based monitoring criteria. A brief discussion is presented on risk-benefit assessment that guides the clinical use of the new biosimilar drug product by providing patients organized data and appropriate labeling information in conformance with the new biosimilar drug’s intended clinical use.

Keywords: biosimilar biologic drugs, safety, efficacy and immunogenicity, Quality by Design (QbD)
Development and Validation of a Green Analytical Method for the Determination of Aspirin and Domperidone Bulk or Formulation Using UV and HPLC
Authors: Jagnade Sneha , Soni Pushpendra , Omray Lavakesh Kumar
Published: November 2020

The aim of present study was to investigate the development and validation of a green analytical method for the determination of aspirin and domperidone. Method Development and Validation for Estimation of Domperidone and Aspirin in bulk or formulation by using RP-HPLC. The RP-HPLC method was developed for estimation of Aspirin and Domperidone in synthetic mixture by isocratically using 10 mM KH2PO4: Acetonitrile (20:80) as mobile phase, Prontosil C-18 column (4.6 x 250 mm, 5μparticle size) column as stationary phase and chromatogram was recorded at 231 nm. Then developed method was validated by using various parameters such as, linearity, Range accuracy, precision repeatability, intermediate precision, robustness, limit of detection, limit of quantification. The proposed methods were found to be linear with correlation coefficient close to one. Precision was determined by repeatability, Intermediate precision and reproducibility of the drugs. The robustness of developed method was checked by changing in the deliberate variation in solvent. The result obtained shows the developed methods to be Cost effective, Rapid (Short retention time), Simple, Accurate (the value of SD and % RSD less than 2), Precise and can be successfully employed in the routine analysis of these drugs in bulk drug as well as in tablet dosage form. The Simplicity, Rapidly and Reproducibility of the proposed method completely fulfill the objective of this research work.

Keywords: Asprin; Domperidone; HPLC; Ultra Violet; Validation
Development and Validation of RP-HPLC Method for Estimation of Amlodipine Besylate and Celecoxib in Pharmaceutical Formulation
Authors: Nagamani P , Manjunath SY , Hemant Kumar T
Published: November 2020

A simple, precise, accurate, and rapid reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method with UV-Visible detector has been developed and subsequently validated for the simultaneous determination of amlodipine besylate(AML) and celecoxib(CEL) in their combined tablet dosage form. The separation was based on the use of a Flowrosil C18   analytical column (250 × 4.6 mm, i.d., 5 µm). The mobile phase consisted of a mixture of 80 volumes of acetonitrile and 20 volumes of water. The chromatography was performed by isocratic elution at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. Analytes were detected at 250 nm, with linear calibration curves at concentration ranges of 2-12 µg/ml and 50-300 µg/ml for AML and CEL respectively. The retention time of AML and CEL were 1.98 and 3.15 min respectively. The recoveries obtained were 99.46‒101.36% for AML, 99.57‒101.42% and 99.96–100.87 % for CEL. The method was validated according to International conference of harmonisation guidelines in terms of accuracy, precision, specificity, robustness, limits of detection and quantitation, and other aspects of analytical validation. The developed method was applied successfully for HPLC analysis of commercial pharmaceutical products including AML and CEL. Keywords: Amlodipine besylate; Celecoxib; RP-HPLC.
SGLT2 Inhibitors: A Noval Therapuetic Agent in the Treatment of Diabetic Kidney Disease
Authors: Thasneem K.V. Musaina , Sreejith K. , Athulnadh B. , Maniyan Namitha , Neena Cherakkulath C , Faris P.P. Muhamed
Published: November 2020

Sodium Glucose Co-transporter2 inhibitors are one of the latest anti diabetic drugs that are approved by USFDA. It include Dapagliflozin, Canagliflozin , Ipragliflozin,Empagliflozin, Tofogliflozin,and Luscogliflozin. They act by inhibiting tubular reabsorption of glucose in kidney and increasing urinary excretion of glucose. SGLT2 inhibitors reduce the workload of the proximal tubules and improve tubulointerstitial hypoxia, and allow fibroblasts to start normal erythropoietin production, and thereby exhibit renoprotection .These drugs have beneficial role in the reduction of HbA1c, cardiovascular risk factors and proteinuria. Use of SGLT2 inhibitor is contraindicated in patients with estimated GFR less than 30 mL/min or End stage renal failure Genitourinary infections are most common adverse effects associated with these drugs, predominantly in female.

Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Nephropathy, Hyperfiltration, Natriuresis, Macroalbuminuria, Endothelial dysfunction, Intraglomerular filtration, ketoacidosis, amputations, apoptosis
A Review on Pediatric Adverse Effects of First Line Anti-Tubercular Drugs
Authors: B ATHULNADH , Sreejith K. , Thasneem K.V. Musaina , Maniyan Namitha , Faris P.P. Muhamed , Neena Cherakkulath C
Published: November 2020

Tuberculosis is a potentially serious communicable disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis. That mainly affects lungs. Tricky mitigation and diagnosis cause the childhood tuberculosis a growing burden for society. Directly Observed Treatment Short course (DOTS) strategy is one of the largest public health programmes found to be beneficial against tuberculosis. Anti-tubercular treatment shows greater level of efficacy high degree of toxicity; however combination treatment, especially during the intensive phase of therapy may produce severe adverse events. First line therapy of Tuberculosis leads to serious adverse effects. Serious adverse effects are less in children receiving drug therapy. Major adverse event associated with anti TB drugs is hepatotoxicity. Keywords: Tuberculosis, DOTS, isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, ethambutol and streptomycin
Structural and Electronic Factors Governing the Action of Anticonvulsants
Authors: Lisgarten John N , Palmer Rex A
Published: November 2020

A selection of eighteen anticonvulsant drug molecules has been subjected to both geometrical analysis and atomic charge calculation to search for a link between structure and activity. A significant consequence of this study is the discovery of a fused 5,6,7 chemical ring system which suggests that these drugs may interact with a receptor site which is its topological complement. Molecular orbital calculations support the observation that anticonvulsant activity appears to be related to the net atomic charge on a specific carbon atom which is central to the fused ring system.

Keywords: Anticonvulsant, lamotrigine, epilepsy, charge calculation.
Factors Influencing the Economic Behavior of the Food, Beverages and Tobacco Industry: A Case Study for Portuguese Enterprises
Authors: Murillo Kelly Patricia , Rocha Eugénio
Published: November 2020

In today's world, it is increasingly important to conduct economic and financial analyzes of enterprises in all sectors to determine strengths, identify weaknesses and adopt strategies that allow them to be at the highest competitive level. In particular, the food sector plays an essential role in the economy of any country, representing a significant contribution to gross domestic product, total employment, and disposable income of households. In this work, we adopt a methodology for measuring efficiency based on the multidirectional efficiency analysis and other mathematical techniques (the calculation of the normal distribution intersection coefficient (NC value), analysis of clusters and principal components, and model fitting) in order to examine the factors that influence the performance of Portuguese enterprises in the food, beverages and tobacco industry for the period of 2006-2013. The results show a characterization of the financial structure of the sector and diagnosis through indexes that identify the strategic positioning of the enterprises in terms of efficiency scores. In addition, we also show that an analysis of the variables that must be approached differently to obtain better results regarding economic performance. Although there is an increase in credit with the acquisition of long-term debts, there is no evidence that this implies the ability of enterprises to grow faster, which affects profitability.
Going Abroad 3D: descrição de um protótipo de jogo educacional digital
Authors: Dos Reis Susana Cristina , Gazen Quélvin Siqueira
Published: November 2020

Jogos digitais potencializam a aprendizagem contextualizada e significativa, bem como proporcionam a imersão e a agência do jogador na resolução de desafios propostos durante o ato de jogar. Com base nessas premissas, iniciamos uma pesquisa exploratória selecionando pressupostos teóricos que fundamentam o design do jogo Going Abroad 3D como um estudo de caso. A análise de jogos comerciais imersivos e de pressupostos teóricos nos permitiram identificar elementos essenciais que orientaram a elaboração do projeto desse jogo educacional para uso em aulas de Inglês. Os resultados estão aplicados no design da interface do jogo e na elaboração de sistemas do jogo, o qual conta em seu protótipo, o menu, a cena introdutória e cenários introdutórios do jogo com desafios implementados.
Direitos humanos e segurança internacional: uma análise sobre o conflito do Saara Ocidental
Authors: Morais Jéssica Moreira de Amorim , Moreira Julia Bertino
Published: November 2020

O regime internacional de proteção e promoção de Direitos Humanos foi ampliado e se consolidou no âmbito das Nações Unidas (ONU) desde a metade do século XX até os dias atuais. Após a Guerra Fria, as questões de Direitos Humanos passaram a integrar a agenda da Segurança Internacional, como competência do Conselho de Segurança (CS) – o qual é responsável pela resolução de conflitos, como é o caso do Saara Ocidental. Durante o processo de ampliação da agenda da Segurança Internacional, foram cunhados dois princípios, distintos, porém que conversam bem entre si: segurança humana e responsabilidade de proteger. Ambos ajudaram a trazer os Direitos Humanos para o topo da agenda internacional. Este trabalho analisa a situação de direitos humanos no caso do Saara Ocidental, focando nestes princípios, em dois momentos específicos: antes e depois da ampliação da agenda da Segurança Internacional, equivalentes ao período durante o conflito armado (de 1975 a 1991) e ao período após o cessar-fogo (de 1991 até o momento). Utilizaremos como recursos metodológicos a pesquisa documental e revisão bibliográfica, tendo como base artigos acadêmicos, livros, documentos oficiais da ONU e relatórios de ONGs.
PENETRATING TRAUMA OF BRACHIOCEPHALIC ARTERY LESION WITH EMBOLIZATION OF FOREIGN BODY TO RIGHT AXILLARY ARTERY IN PEDIATRIC PATIENT: CASE PRESENTATION AND HIS MANAGEMENT.
Authors: Acosta Luis Zerpa , Ata Jameel Al , Gamboa Alfredo Sanchez , Babikir Elmahi , Zahrani Abdullah Al , Emperador Francis , Haneef Ali
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Penetrating injuries of the intrathoracic great
vessels are well recognized although uncommon in pediatric patients,
management in pediatric patients presents challenges. Surgical repair by
median sternotomy is the exposure of choice for accessing innominate
artery injuries, but endovascular intervention in being increasingly
introduced in the hemodynamically stable
Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar State (HHS) with New-onset Diabetes Mellitus in a Patient with SARS CoV-2 Infection.
Authors: Al-Naami Awaji Q. , Khan Liaqat Ali , Zaidan Faisal I. , Al-Neami Ibrahim A. , Awad Akram S. , Hobani Abdulwahab I. , Sheikh Ali H. , Ahmadini Mousa A.
Published: November 2020

New-onset DM or unmasking existing one, with or without metabolic
complications, has been reported in SARS CoV-2 infection. New-onset DM
in association with HHS alone or combination with DKA is uncommon but a
possible manifestation of SARS CoV-2 infection that poses management
challenges where the outcome may be worst.
What women emphasise as important aspects of care in childbirth: An online survey study of 8,401 women who have given birth in Norway
Authors: Vedeler Carina , Nilsen Anne Britt , Blix Ellen , Downe Soo , Eri Tine
Published: November 2020

Objective To explore and describe what women who have given birth in
Norway emphasise as important aspects of care during childbirth. Design
The study is based on data from the Babies Born Better survey, version
2, a mixed-method online survey. Setting The maternity care system in
Norway. Study population Women who gave birth in Norway between 2013 and
2018. Method Descriptive statistics were used to describe sample
characteristics and to compare data from the B3 survey with national
data from the MBRN, using SPSS® software (version 20). The open-ended
questions were analysed with an inductive thematic analysis, using NVIVO
12® software. Main outcome measures Themes developed from two open-ended
questions. Results The final sample included 8,401 women. There were no
important differences between the sample population and the national
population with respect to maternal age, marital status, parity, mode of
birth and place of birth, except for the proportion of planned
homebirths. Four themes and one overarching theme were identified;
Compassionate and Respectful Care, A Family Focus, Continuity and
Consistency, and Sense of Security, and the overarching theme Coherence
in Childbearing. Conclusions Socio-cultural and psychological aspects of
care are significant for women in childbirth, alongside physical and
clinical factors. Caring for the woman implies caring for her partner
and having a baby is about ‘becoming a family or expanding the family’.
Childbirth is a continuous experience in women’s lives and continuity
and consistency are important for women to maintain and promote a
coherent experience.