bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A NOVEL AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER DETECTION USING MULTI-LABEL GRAPH CONVOLUTIONAL NETWORK WITH LABEL ATTENTIVE NEIGHBORHOOD CONVOLUTION
Authors: Vankara Jayavani , Krishna Muddada Murali , Nandhini Sekharamahanti S. , Sagiraju Hima Keerthi
Published: November 2024

Due to the lack of precise medical testing for autism, such as blood tests to detect the illness, diagnosing autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has proven to be challenging. The prevalence of restrictive and/or repetitive behaviors and difficulties and impairments in social communication are hallmarks of autism spectrum disorders. This behavioral condition has been identified. Doctors assess the child's developmental history and behavior to make a diagnosis. Research results. This research used a hybrid Multi Label-Graph Convolutional Network (ML-GCN) with label-attentive neighborhood convolution to categorize the autism spectrum disorder. It offers a clear and effective graph wrapper module in particular for collecting the local attribute data of a specific node to produce a logical representation of node functioning. Additionally, the homeopathic theory recommends developing a taxonomy for attention-related terms. Furthermore, developed an adaptive graph technique that allows the model to learn the kernel for each layer dynamically and uniquely, allowing the model to acquire more valuable and efficient features. On three frequently used reference datasets, including customized and non-specialized networks, comprehensive tests were conducted to validate the neural network-based approach to multi-label classification.
Program Çıktılarının Mezunlar Tarafından Algılanan Karşılanma Düzeyi, Eğitim ile İş Memnuniyetlerinin ve İş Bulma Sürelerinin Mezuniyet Yıllarına Göre Karşılaştırılması: Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar Üniversitesi Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon Bölümü
Authors: Alaca Nuray , Kaba Hande
Published: November 2024

Amaç: Mevcut çalışmanın amacı; Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar Üniversitesi Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon Bölümü’nden (ACU-FTR) yeni mezun olan öğrenciler ve eski mezun öğrencilerin amaç, vizyon, misyon ile program çıktılarının algılanan karşılanma düzeyini, eğitim ve iş hayatı hakkındaki memnuniyetlerini ve iş bulma sürelerini karşılaştırmaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: ACU-FTR’den yeni mezun olmuş 52 öğrenci ve en az altı ay önce bölümümüzden mezun olan 252 eski mezun öğrenci çalışmaya katılım sağladı. Bölüm akreditasyon kurulu tarafından oluşturulmuş olan online mezuniyet anketi mezunlara doldurtuldu. Anket, bölüm amaç, vizyon, misyon ile program çıktılarının algılanan karşılanma düzeyini ve eğitim ile iş hayatı hakkındaki memnuniyetlerini içermektedir.
Bulgular: Eski mezunların (5-8 senelik mezun) şu anda bir işyerinde çalışıyor olma durumu (p=0,009) ve lisansüstü eğitime katılma durumu yeni mezunlara göre daha yüksek idi (p<0,001). İş arama süresi yeni mezunlarda (1-2 senelik), yedi-sekiz senelik mezunlara göre daha fazlaydı (p= 0,050). Yeni mezunların ACU-FTR bölümünden memnuniyeti, amaç, vizyon, misyon ile program çıktılarının algılanan başarısı diğer mezunlara göre daha yüksek idi (p=0,001-p<0,001). Mezunların, mezuniyet yılı ile mesleki memnuniyeti (r=-0,154, p=0,040), çalışma memnuniyeti (r=0,211, p=0,005) ve iş bulma süresi (r=0,179, p=0,017) arasında düşük derecede ilişki bulunurken, mesleği isteyerek seçme ile iş bulma süresi arasında düşük derecede ilişki bulundu (r= 0,241, p=0,001). Mesleki memnuniyetleri ile ACU-FTR genel memnuniyet (r= 0,347, p<0,001) ve amaçların ortalaması (r=0,360, p<0,001) orta derecede ilişkili idi.
Sonuç: Sonuç olarak ACU-FTR bölümü öğrencilerinin program çıktılarının amaç, vizyon, misyon ve algılanan karşılanma düzeyi yüksek iken bu yükseklik yeni mezunlarda daha fazla oranda belirlenmiştir. Eski mezunların şu anda bir işyerinde çalışıyor olma durumu, lisansüstü eğitime katılma oranı yüksek iken iş arama süreleri daha kısa olarak saptanmıştır. Mezuniyet yılı artıkça, mesleki memnuniyetinin ve iş arama süresinin düşük olduğu görülürken, isteyerek mesleği seçen kişilerin iş arama süresi kısalmıştır. Mesleki memnuniyeti yüksek olan kişilerin ACU-FTR bölümü genel memnuniyeti ve amaçların algılanan başarılma düzeyi ise daha yüksektir.
Şizofreni Olan Bireylerin Çalışma İle İlgili Düşünce ve Beklentileri Üzerine Nitel Bir Araştırma
Authors: Ercan Doğu Selma
Published: November 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı, ilk defa çalışma hayatına başlayacak olan on katılımcının çalışma ile ilgili düşünce ve beklentilerini anlamaya yöneliktir. Çalışmaya DSM-V’ye göre, şizofreni tanısı almış ve Engelli Kamu Personeli Seçme Sınavında (E-KPSS) başarılı olan 10 kişi katıldı. Çalışmada derinlemesine görüşme yöntemi kullanıldı. Nitel verilerin değerlendirilmesi sonucunda 5 tema belirlenmiştir: 1) yeni iş yaşamıyla ilgili beklentiler, 2) çalışma hayatıyla ilgili yaşanabilecek zorluklar ve yapabilecekleri işler, 3) yeni işle ilgili korkular, 4) hastalığın iş yaşamına etkileri, 5) çalışmanın faydaları, 6) işe başladıktan sonra tedaviyi sürdürme. Bu veriler ışığında, şizofreni tanısı olan bireylerin çalışmayla ilgili yaşayabilecekleri zorluklar göz önünde bulundurularak istihdam programlarının geliştirilmesi önerilebilir.
Ebeveynler İçin Cinsel İletişim Ölçeği: Güvenirlik ve Geçerlik Çalışması
Authors: Artan İsmihan , Ceylan Şehnaz , Kurnaz Adıbatmaz Fatma Betül
Published: November 2024

Amaç: Bu araştırmada ebeveynlerin cinsel eğitimde kullandıkları iletişim dilini belirlemeye yönelik bir ölçek geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırmada üç farklı çalışma grubundan veriler toplanmıştır. Birinci çalışma grubundan (N=100) elde edilen verilerle ölçülmesi amaçlanan yapının kuramsal temellerinin açıklanması amaçlanmış, ikinci çalışma grubundan (N=178) elde edilen verilerle ölçeğin yapısına ilişkin Açımlayıcı ve Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi sonuçları incelenmiş; üçüncü çalışma grubundan (N=186) elde edilen verilerle yapının doğrulanıp doğrulanmadığı Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analiziyle incelenmiştir.Bulgular: Analiz sonuçlarına dayalı olarak 23 maddeden oluşan ölçeğin dört faktörlü bileşenli bir yapı sergilediğine karar verilmiştir. Ölçme aracının alt faktörlerinin iç tutarlılık katsayısı iki farklı örneklemde .70 ve .80 arasında değişmiştir. Faktörler arasında orta düzeyde ilişkiler olduğu belirlenmiştir.Sonuç: Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlara dayalı olarak annelerin ve babaların cinsel eğitimde kullandıkları iletişim dili bakımından ebeveynler arasında fark olmadığı; yükseköğretim mezunlarının diğer öğrenim düzeyindeki ebeveynlere göre süreci yönetmede daha başarılı oldukları, yükseköğretim mezunlarının diğer öğrenim düzeyindeki ebeveynlere göre cinsel eğitimde daha kaygılı bir iletişim sergiledikleri belirlenmiştir.
Etiological Factors and Audiological Evaluation of Children with Congenital Unilateral Hearing Loss
Authors: Kara İlkem , Baydan Mine , Böke Bilgehan , Atay Gamze , Özgen Mocan Burçe , Genç Gülsüm
Published: November 2024

Objectives: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the audiological, radiological, and etiological in terms of clinical findings relating to babies and children with congenital unilateral hearing loss. Materials and Methods: Audiometric tests, tympanometric and acoustic reflex measurements, otoacoustic emission tests, and auditory brainstem response assessments were conducted. Twenty-nine babies and children (13 F ;16 M) diagnosed with congenital unilateral hearing loss, between the ages of 3–87 months, were included in this study. Results: Of these patients, 65.5% (n:19) were diagnosed with sensorineural hearing loss and 34.5% (n:10) with conductive hearing loss. Of the subjects with sensorineural hearing loss, 57.9% were diagnosed with profound hearing loss. Of the subjects with conductive hearing loss, 7 of the 10 (70%) had been diagnosed with microtia. Of the patients with conductive hearing loss, all those who had received CT scans were diagnosed with ossicular chain malformations. The most frequent risk factor for sensorineural hearing loss is intermarriage (26.3%), whereas the most frequent risk factor for conductive hearing loss is craniofacial anomalies (30%). Conclusion: The interdisciplinary work in otology, audiology, and radiology is essential for early diagnosis and effective treatment of congenital unilateral hearing loss cases.
Scapular Dyskinesia After Modified Radical Mastectomy Surgery and Breast Conserving Surgery.
Authors: Sayaca Çetin , Simsek Mine
Published: November 2024

Objectives: The pectoralis minor muscle is negatively affected by mastectomy surgery, and this negative effect may be broken scapular kinematics. Aimed of this study was to evaluate present of the scapular dyskinesia (SD) in Modified Radical Mastectomy Surgery (MRMS) and Breast Conserving Surgery (BCS). Materials and Methods: Forty patients who had MRMS or BCS participated in the present study. Pain, SD, and upper extremity disabilities were evaluated. Results: There were no differences in age, body mass index, pain, upper extremity disabilities, Lateral Scapular Slide Test (LSST), and Scapular Assistance Test (SAT) between BCS and MRMS (p>0.05). But there was a difference in Scapular Retraction Test (SRT) (p:0.024). The number of patients who had SD was higher in BCS. There was no relationship between SD and other parameters (p>0.05) in both surgeries. There was a moderate negative correlation between pain and SRT/SAT in MRMS (r:-0.564; p:0.01 and r:-0.564; p:0.01, respectively) while there was no correlation between pain and SRT/SAT in BCS (p>0.05). Conclusion: The present study showed that SD should be seen after mastectomy surgery, especially in BCS. Assessment of the presence of SD and training of scapular muscles was thought necessary before/after mastectomy. Although survival is a critical issue, teaching preventive/corrector exercises may be important for patient's quality of life after surgery.
Çocukların Problem Davranışlarında Annelerin ve Büyükannelerin Tepkilerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Alabay Erhan , Ersal Hazal
Published: November 2024

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı, büyükanneleri tarafından bakımına destek verilen 3-6 yaş çocuklarının problem davranışlarında hem annenin hem de büyükannenin verdikleri tepkilerin karşılaştırılmasıdır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırmada, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden birisi olan Fenomenoloji yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışma grubunu İstanbul ilinde yaşayan 11 anne ve 11 büyükanne oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanmış yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Araştırma sonucunda, anneler çocuklarının problem davranışları sonucunda daha çok kızma/sinirlenme/bağırma şeklinde tepki verdikleri saptanmıştır. Büyükannelerin ise annelere oranla daha fazla çocuğun istediğini yapma ve çocuğu korkutma davranışlarında bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca babaanneler çocuğun problem davranışı sonucunda verdikleri tepkileri değerlendirdiklerinde annelere göre daha anlayışlı, özgürlükçü ve ılımlı tepkiler verdiğini belirtmişlerdir. Annelerin çoğuna göre büyükannelerin bu şekildeki tepkileri çocuğun davranışlarında olumsuz durumlara neden olmaktadır. Ayrıca anneler, büyükanneleri tarafından çocuğun her istediğinin yapılması sonucunda çocuğun ev içindeki kurallara uymakta zorlandığını veya kurallara uymadığını ifade etmişlerdir.
Sonuç: Araştırma sonucunda, çocuklarının problem davranışlarında annelerin ve büyükannelerin verdiği tepkilerin farklılaştığı saptanmıştır.
Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Subliminal Cinsiyetçilik Mesajlarını Algılama Durumları ve Cinsiyetçilik Tutumları
Authors: Tunçay Güzin Yasemin , Çiçekoğlu Öztürk Pınar
Published: November 2024

Amaç: Bu araştırma Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi öğrencilerin cinsiyetçi tutumlarını ve günlük hayatta var olan subliminal cinsiyetçi mesajları algılama durumlarını belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel olan çalışma Aralık 2018-Ocak 2019 yılları arasında bir üniversitenin Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesinde eğitimine devam eden ve araştırmaya katılmaya gönüllü öğrenciler (n=200) ile gerçekleştirildi. Verileri toplamada, Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Çelişik Duygulu Cinsiyetçilik Ölçeği kullanıldı ve katılımcılara “Kadınlar Ne İster” adlı video izletildi. Sosyodemografik verilerin analizinde sayı ve yüzdelikler, sosyodemografik değişkenlerle Çelişik Duygulu Cinsiyetçilik ölçeği puanlarının karşılaştırılmasında bağımsız gruplarda t testi ve ANOVA testi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 20,39±1,86’dır. Öğrencilerin %62’si kadın, %29,5’i birinci sınıf öğrencisi, %79,5’inin annesi ilköğretim mezunu ve %89’u ev hanımı, %52’sinin babası ilköğretim mezunu ve %58,5’i serbest bir işte çalışmaktadır. Öğrencilerin %80,5’i sosyo-ekonomik durumlarını orta olarak değerlendirmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen verilere göre erkek öğrencilerin, kadın öğrencilere oranla düşmanca cinsiyetçilik ve koruyucu ataerkillik puanları daha yüksektir. Babası ilköğretim mezunu olan öğrencilerin koruyucu ataerkil puan ortalaması, babası lise ve üniversite mezunu olanların puan ortalamalarından daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Bunun yanı sıra yemek yapmanın kadının görevi olduğunu düşünen öğrenciler ile bunun kadın ve erkek tarafından yapılması gereken ortak bir görev olduğunu düşünen öğrenciler arasında ölçeğin alt boyutlarından olan düşmanca cinsiyetçilik, heteroseksüel yakınlık, koruyucu ataerkillik ve cinsiyetler arası tamamlayıcı farklılaştırma açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Araştırmada subliminal cinsiyetçi mesajların farkında olmayan öğrencilerin daha çok cinsiyetçi tutum içinde bulundukları saptanmış ve buna bağlı olarak subliminal cinsiyetçi mesajlardan daha çok etkilendikleri sonucu çıkarılmıştır.
Exploring paternal mentalization and its impact on early child development: A multimethod approach
Authors: Cozodoy Eric
Published: November 2024

Paternal mentalization, which refers to fathers’ understanding and interpretation of their children’s mental states, influences personal-social development outcomes in children as young as eighteen months. The main objective of this study was to explore the potential relationship between paternal reflective functioning and several key areas of child development, including communication, gross motor, fine motor, problem-solving, and personal-social. Thirty-four father-child dyads were assessed by administering the Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire (PRFQ) and the Ages & Stages Questionnaire (ASQ-3). The findings indicated significant associations between the child’s personal-social domain and two dimensions of paternal mentalization: pre-mentalization (low engagement in mentalization) (r = -.58; p < .001), and interest and curiosity (r = .35; p < .05). Multiple linear regression analysis also suggested that increased paternal pre-mentalization is associated with decreased child personal-social development (β = -5.56; p < .01). Due to a low participation rate of fathers (71.9%), an additional qualitative study was conducted. It aimed to enhance the quantitative findings by delving into contextual factors affecting mentalization through in-depth interviews. An Inductive Thematic Analysis identified factors promoting, inhibiting, or remaining neutral toward paternal mentalization. Both studies indicated the significant preventive potential of reflective fatherhood for families.
School bullying prevention among left-behind children: An intervention study based on social ecological model in China
Authors: Huang Jinyu , chen yichao , Chen Yueliang , Da Qingchen , Li Liping
Published: November 2024

Background
School bullying among left-behind children (LBC) is a significant public health concern in China. To promote their healthy development, school bullying prevention intervention based on the theory of social ecological model (SEM) in four levels (individual, relationship, campus and society) among LBC was carried out in this study.
Methods
190 left-behind children were recruited from two middle schools in Shantou city(mean age 13.52 ± 0.70). Differences within groups were analyzed using t-test or chi square test. Furthermore, differences in scores of school bullying prevention knowledge and attitude were examined with differences-in-differences (DID) approach to test the effectiveness of intervention.
Results
Results showed that after the intervention, the knowledge scores in the two group both increased with statistically significant differences (all P < 0.05). While the attitude scores increased in the SEM based intervention group with statistical significance while not in the control group. What’s more, it presented that knowledge and attitude of preventing school bullying were improved in SEM based intervention group more than the control group. However, we didn’t find significant difference in the incidence of school bullying before and after the intervention between the two groups.
Conclusions
Interventions based on the SEM are effective in improving left-behind children's knowledge and attitudes toward school bullying, but additional strategies are needed to achieve actual behavioral change. A comprehensive, multi-level approach that combines SEM-based interventions with behavioral strategies can serve as a model for reducing school bullying in China and globally.
Multi-Scale Attention and Boundary-Aware Network for Military Camouflaged Object Detection using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Authors: Liu Keshun , Li Aihua , Yang Sen , Wang Changlong , Zhang Yuhua
Published: November 2024

Military camouflaged object detection using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is a crucial yet challenging task that can significantly support intelligence interpretation and accurate strike on the battlefield. However, existing methods primarily focus on the semantic segmentation of camouflaged objects, neglecting the specific needs of military reconnaissance and UAV imagery. To address these limitations, we propose a multi-scale attention and boundary-aware network tailored for military camouflaged object detection from UAV imagery. Leveraging a pyramid vision transformer as the backbone, we design feature fusion module to fuse multi-scale features to efficiently transmit feature information. Further, we introduce three interdependent modules: boundary extraction module, boundary guidance module, and context fusion module, to excavate boundary and context semantic information, thereby enhancing the feature representation of camouflaged objects. We also create MCOD-UAV, a new dataset designed specifically for this task. Extensive experiments on MCOD-UAV dataset demonstrate that our network outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods, achieving a mean average precision (mAP) of 48.92%. Our network paves the way for more accurate and preemptive strikes in real-world military operations.
Treatment and counselling preferences of postpartum women with and without symptoms of (childbirth-related) PTSD: Findings of the cross-sectional study INVITE
Authors: Horstmann Rosa Hannele , Seefeld Lara , Schellong Julia , Garthus-Niegel Susan
Published: November 2024

Background
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the postpartum period is a prevalent yet under-researched mental health condition. To date, many women who suffer from postpartum PTSD remain unrecognized and untreated. To enhance the accessibility of help for these women, it is crucial to offer tailored treatment and counselling services that align with their needs. Hence, this study aimed to understand how support preferences differ between women with and without postpartum PTSD, considering the two subgroups of postpartum PTSD: childbirth-related PTSD (CB-PTSD) and general PTSD (gPTSD).
Methods
This study used data from the cross-sectional INVITE study, comprising telephone interviews with N = 3,874 women conducted between six weeks and six months after childbirth. The City Birth Trauma Scale (City BiTS) was used to assess CB-PTSD, while the Primary Care Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Screen for DSM-5 (PC-PTSD-5) was used to assess gPTSD. Service preferences and preferred modes of service provision were measured with self-developed questionnaires. Analyses of variance were used to identify differences between groups.
Results
The support services (family-)midwives and family, friends, or colleagues and the service provision mode as in person communication were preferred most by women across groups. The analyses revealed that women with CB-PTSD had lower overall preferences for services compared to women without postpartum PTSD. Women with CB-PTSD also showed less preference for psychotherapeutic services (e.g. outpatient treatment, inpatient clinics) compared to unaffected women. Regarding modes of service provision, women with gPTSD had a higher preference for all service modes compared to women with CB-PTSD and those unaffected, with a stronger preference for both direct (e.g. in person, video conference) and delayed communication (e.g. chat, email).
Conclusion
This study was the first to explore the support preferences of women experiencing symptoms of postpartum PTSD. The findings suggest that women differ in their preferences, contingent upon the subgroup of postpartum PTSD. According to women's overall preferences, the expansion and further training of (family-)midwife services is recommended. By tailoring support services accordingly to women’s preferences, it may be possible to bridge the treatment gap for postpartum PTSD and to improve the well-being of affected women and their families.
A Novel Passive Pseudo-Negative Stiffness Damper for Seismic Response Reduction
Authors: Pradono Mulyo Harris , Satyarno Iman , Wardi Syafri , Sudarmadi Sudarmadi , Fauzi Hendro Ahmad , Wibowo Leonardus Setia Budi , Rafi Hanif Muzhaffar , Putra Andhika
Published: November 2024

The concept of a pseudo-negative stiffness (PNS) damper using a fluid viscous variable damper has been introduced since early 2000s, which employed a semi-active control to produce PNS hysteretic loops by using a variable damper. The hysteretic loops were proven to be effective in reducing the seismic response of a structure. In this research, the development of a passive damper system capable of producing a PNS hysteretic loop is reported. The damper is based on fluid viscous damping. To produce the hysteretic loops passively, the tube of the damper is modified so that the damping force is controlled by the flow of viscous fluid between the piston and the tube by providing grooves at the tube's inner wall. The groove's dimensions are smaller at one end and larger at the other end. When the piston moves from the position of smaller grooves to larger grooves, the fluid flows from smaller grooves to larger grooves. This will make the damping force shift from large to small. When the piston moves back from large to small grooves, a valve will make the fluid flow freely through the orifice at the piston. This will make the damping force small. Combination with another damper that has opposite characteristics produces complete PNS hysteretic loops. Based on the designed passive damper, the theoretical model of the hysteretic loops was numerically simulated under seismic loading for a base-isolated structure employing the damper. The hysteretic loop was proven effective in reducing the seismic response of the structure.
The spiritual needs of individuals with suicide ideation or suicide attempt: a qualitative content analysis
Authors: Ghahramani Marziyeh , Memaryan Nadereh , Ghahari Shahrbanoo , malakouti Kazem
Published: November 2024

Subject Suicide is a major public health concern and people with suicide ideation (SI) or suicidal attempt(SA) are exposed to many complex difficulties, which needs psychological and spiritual care. Method This exploratory, qualitative study consisted of interviews with a number of respondents in order to collect data for use within Gernheim and Lundman's model depicting through content analysis. We used the coding software MAXQDA 2020. The study was conducted on parents of the participants with suicidal indivituals that were referred to psychology clinic department, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health or they hospitalized in Iranian psychiatric hospital during September 2023 till June 2024. A content analysis approach is adopted by focusing at understanding their spiritual needs. Study sample included 15 individuals who were either SI or SA and available along with their parents. Results The study's findings indicate that there are six needs for them, including The need for divine connection, The need to Meaning-based self-care, The need for lovely interpersonal communication, The need for humane-emotional support, The need for contemplation, and The need for purpose. Conclusion Results indicating that tailored interventions addressing each of these needs could potentially offer an effective strategy to reduce suicide risk in bereaved college students should be explored further. This will hopefully lead to positive steps being taken.
Statistical Analysis and Prediction via Neural Networks of water quality in the Middle Paraíba do Sul (Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil) region in the period (2012 - 2022)
Authors: Abraão Ricardo Pereira , Sampaio Nilo Antônio de Souza , von Mühlen Carin
Published: November 2024

This study presents a 10-year temporal assessment (2012–2022) of water quality in the Middle Paraíba do Sul hydrographic region, using the Water Quality Index (WQI) and statistical tools, with predictions via General Regression Neural Network (GRNN). The analysis, based on INEA data, highlights climatic events such as the 2014/2015 drought and differences between the WQI in rainy and dry seasons. The preservation of water quality in this region is crucial for public health, sustainability, and the economic development of the Rio de Janeiro metropolitan area, which relies on the Paraíba do Sul River. Increasing urbanization, agricultural expansion, and climate change pose challenges to water quality. Statistical tools such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) reveal significant variations between monitoring points, and GRNN predicts WQI trends for 2023. This predictive approach is vital for informed decision-making in water resource management, particularly as environmental pressures increase.
Formation of Sense of Agency in Novel Motor Learning
Authors: Tanaka Takumi , Imamizu Hiroshi
Published: November 2024

Sense of agency (SoA) refers to the sensation of controlling one’s body and the external environment. The traditional comparator model posits that SoA arises from a match between predicted and actual action outcomes. Yet, when learning new motor skills, individuals lack reliable predictions of outcomes. This study explored SoA development in novel motor learning where participants controlled a cursor via finger movements. Across learning phases, we evaluated participants’ SoA for cursor movements that either conformed to the learned hand-to-screen mapping or incorporated spatial or temporal biases. Initially, temporal congruence between finger and cursor movements dictated SoA. As learning progressed, SoA increased for the cursor following the learned mapping over that with spatial discrepancies. Such changes did not occur by just memorizing the mapping in a gesture imitation task. These findings enrich existing SoA theories by elucidating the origin of the comparator process, highlighting the pivotal role of motor exploration.
How Competitiveness, Commitment, and Profitability Affect ESG Performance: An Empirical Investigation of Chinese Firms
Authors: Abdullah Shamsuln Nahar , Nazir Muhammad Waqas , Marwat Athar , Rauf Fawad , Naveed Khwaja
Published: November 2024

The rapidly transforming global economic landscape emphasizes ESG performance integration to enhance corporate profitability and competitiveness. This study investigates concern construct relationship of China’s non-financial companies Shanghai and Shenzhen stock market listed during 2016-2022. Utilizing data from credible sources, including Bloomberg, this research evaluates ESG performance through a comprehensive ESG score and examines its relationship with corporate profitability, and commitment. Hence, study employs robust methods to assess ESG practices impact on corporate outcomes, considering various control variables like return on assets, firm age, financial leverage, ownership concentration etc. The findings suggest that ESG performance positively correlates with enhanced corporate performance, increased market competitiveness, and strengthened corporate commitment, thereby underscoring the importance of sustainable practices in achieving long-term business success. This research also contributing by providing empirical evidence on ESG performance and its impact towards fostering profitability, competiveness and enhance employee commitment.
Geospatial and Climate Dynamics in West Africa: Analysing Impact of Weather Conditions on Food Security in Burkina Faso and Nigeria
Authors: Omenka Loveth C. Ode , Osabuohien Evans S. , Urhie Ese , Ode Godwin O. , Eric Kabore N. , Al-Faryan Abdulaziz Saleh
Published: November 2024

West Africa's food security is seriously threatened by climate change. There are a number of reasons for the current food crisis in West Africa, but climate change is one of the main ones. While the debate about the precise influence of climate change on food security lingers, the question of whether climate change really impacts on food insecurity remains largely unanswered, considering the fact that there are other factors which tends to impact on food security. Thus, the study explores the relationship between climate change and food security in West Africa using the case of Burkina Faso and Nigeria by analysing the extent of impact of weather conditions such as precipitation, temperature and humidity on food security. The study utilises Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square (FMOLS) and geospatial analysis. The findings of the study, among others showed that the included variables (Humidity, Precipitation, and Temperature) collectively account for a significant portion of the variability in food production across the observations, noting specially the impact of humidity on food security which has limited studies. The use of Geospatial analysis showed the impact of climate identifying the various state and the extent of climate change impact. The FMOLS results underscored the importance of considering weather conditions such as humidity, precipitation, and temperature in understanding food production dynamics. Policymakers and agricultural stakeholders can utilise these insights to develop adaptive and resilience strategies for mitigating the adverse effects of weather conditions on food agricultural productivity focusing interventions on communities with adverse impact, thereby promoting food security and sustainability.
Enhanced Prediction of Molecular Properties Using Transfer Learning on Sigma Profiles
Authors: Yin Tianzhixi , Gao Peiyuan , Xu Audrey , Saldanha Emily G.
Published: November 2024

The performance of machine learning techniques for the prediction of a wide range of molecular properties has seen rapid improvements in recent years due to developments in both molecular representations and deep learning modeling techniques. Sigma profiles, which are a computational descriptor representing the surface charge distribution of molecules, have shown promise as a molecular representation to support robust property prediction. Meanwhile, large-scale pretrained deep learning models based directly on molecular structure inputs, such as Uni-Mol, have demonstrated strong performance as general-purpose molecular representation learners. In this study, we seek to enhance the prediction of molecular properties by integrating information from sigma profiles with these advanced deep learning techniques. Our methodology involves fine-tuning the Uni-Mol model to accurately predict sigma profiles, which capture detailed molecular structural information important for determining molecular interactions. We then utilize transfer learning to apply the learned weights to predict specific molecular properties, replacing the final output layer to adapt to each new task. The results demonstrate improvements in predictive accuracy across various datasets, showcasing the effectiveness of combining sigma profiles with state-of-the-art machine learning models and demonstrating a path forward for leveraging theory-driven descriptor development to enhance large-scale data-driven molecular property modeling.
Assessment of acrolein development during frying and its relation in acrylamide formation
Authors: Gutiérrez-Flores Isaac Alonso , Garcia-Galindo Hugo Sergio , Moran Jessica Sampieri , Cavazos-Garduño Adriana , Serrano-Niño Julio César
Published: November 2024

Vegetable oils have the ability to transfer heat to the food by carrying out a frying or frying process at 150–200 °C, providing different desirable sensory properties to the food, however, heating the oil to high temperatures leads to degradation processes that lead to the formation of acrolein, which is toxic to human health; likewise, vegetable oil, when interacting with food, carries out complex reactions that could lead to the formation of acrylamide, which, like acrolein, is considered toxic to health. In the present work, the relationship between the formation of acrolein in oils heated to 220 °C over 7 hours of heating is analyzed, as well as the concentration of acrylamide that is generated when frying French fries under the same conditions. The results suggest that the formation of acrolein depended on the heating time and the type of oil used and, in addition, the formation of acrolein had an influence on the formation of acrylamide, with soybean oil being where there was the most formation of both compounds.
Comparison of Systemic Health and Oral Health in Korean Elderly in Aged-care Facilities
Authors: Lee Na-Young , Bak Hee Kyeong , Kim Han-Na
Published: November 2024

Background
This study compared the systemic health and oral health of elderly residents in nursing homes and daycare centers in South Korea. The study also identified the factors by which elderly health status (systemic health vs. oral health) differed between those living in the nursing home and daycare center attendees.
Methods
This study surveyed one nursing home and one daycare center in Korea (a total of 64 elderly residents) from March to September 2024. Five trained dental hygienists conducted physical examinations and surveys to assess the participants' systemic health and oral status. A chi-square analysis was performed to analyze the general, systemic, and oral health status by facility type. A multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was also conducted to identify the factors that distinguish between nursing homes and daycare center for the elderly.
Results
An analysis of the elderly residents in nursing home and daycare center revealed significant differences in their long-term care grade, activities of daily living (ADL), independent activities of daily living (IADL), medications, blood pressure, walking ability, InBody, oral moisture (tongue and buccal), diet, tongue pressure, oral hygiene, tongue coating, and halitosis. Key factors influencing facility type were long-term care grade (OR = 4.8), tongue moisture (OR = 4.1), halitosis (OR = 1.1), and Skeletal Muscle Mass Index (SMI) (OR = 2.7), with higher values indicating a greater likelihood of daycare center placement over nursing homes.
Conclusions
The comparison of systemic health and oral health between elderly residents in nursing home and daycare center identified significant differences in their long-term care grade, tongue moisture, halitosis, and SMI, which are distinguishing variables between the facility types. Given the differences in systemic and oral health status based on care facility type, it is essential to develop tailored oral health programs specific to each facility.
Test Bench for Economic Science: Stock Market Forecasting in “n” Dimensions
Authors: Briet Timoteo
Published: November 2024

Econophysics, supported by mathematics, has proven to be a promising field for studying complex economic systems. However, the absence of a general theory limits its applicability. This work proposes a novel framework based on fluid dynamics and artificial intelligence to jointly model and predict dependent economic events. After the model “WAVES”, the model termed “ABE” (Acceleration Balance Equation), defines a space with a potential field, where geodesics represent the trajectories of economic events (the “GT” Geodesic Trajectories model) as the metric is defined by the Hamiltonian action. Artificial intelligence is utilized to optimize the model and enhance its predictive accuracy based on existing projections, working with the model described as a neural network. Comprehensive tests are conducted to validate the proposed approach, both for individual events and sets of events. The results demonstrate the model's capability to capture underlying dynamics and predict future behavior with minimal uncertainty. This method holds significant potential for real-time applications, as well as short, medium, and long-term analyses. By minimizing or removing human intervention and leveraging the laws of physics, particularly through transport and diffusion phenomena, the proposed approach offers a robust, targeted solution for the joint modeling and forecasting of economic events, built on the foundation of the so-called natural dynamics of the economy. Consequently, a range of useful tools are defined, providing economists with means to regulate the economy and intervene appropriately at critical moments, even creating new structures. These tools enable decision-makers to design and implement effective public policies that promote economic and social welfare, as well as optimal equilibrium. The 2024 Nobel laureate in Economics59 proposes the proper identification of institutions and the economic structure necessary to achieve sustainable growth. This growth also requires effective cooperation among individuals, as well as the preservation of both individual and conditional freedom. This article offers a key tool to accomplish that goal.
Carbogels for sustainable and scalable thermoelectric applications
Authors: ATHAR Shoeb , GUAZZAGALOPPA Jérémy , BOYRIE Fabrice , HUILLET Cédric , JUND Philippe
Published: November 2024

Thermoelectric generators (TEGs) based on commercially used thermal super-insulating materials can facilitate sustainable and large-scale ambient waste heat recovery while bequeathing an added economic and environmental value to thermal insulations in industry. This requires the optimization of the thermoelectric (TE) properties through electrical functionalization of such materials. Moreover, the associated engineering challenges of assembling TEG modules must be overcome. Herein, we propose using super-insulating Resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) carbogels for scalable and sustainable TE applications through their electrical functionalization. Using a combination of a pyrolysis process and carbon fibers insertion, we achieved an increment by 12 orders of magnitude in electrical conductivity as well as ZT whilst retaining their intrinsic ultralow thermal conductivity (< 50 mW/mK). A TE module in the form of a thermoelectric vacuum insulation panel (TVIP), was then fabricated using only a p-type material, to demonstrate a proof-of-concept self-powered WiFi-based vacuum-failure detection application in confined spaces in automobiles or aeronautics. Finally, by extrapolating the optimized output power and with a CAD-assisted assembly of a large TEG module (1000 cm2), the potential of scalable low-grade waste heat recovery is discussed.
Last Interglacial summer heat restricted human migration
Authors: Watanabe Takaaki , Pfeiffer Miriam , Yamazaki Atsuko , Garbe-Schönberg Dieter , Hu Hsun-Ming , Shen Chuan-Chou , Ito Saori , Watanabe Tsuyoshi
Published: November 2024

Homo sapiens dispersed in two major waves from Africa. The early dispersal wave had limited success beyond the Arabian Peninsula, although the beginning of this wave coincided with the Last Interglacial period (LIG, 117~127 thousand years ago) when well-watered/vegetated environments formed suitable habitats. The factors hindering this dispersal remain unclear. Here, we estimate the habitability in LIG environments based on a human physiological model and climate patterns that a single human would have encountered during its lifetime. Our climate reconstructions, using an Omani fossil coral and climate modelling, reveal hotter and longer summers in the Arabian Peninsula during the LIG than today due to a weak monsoon and strong insolation. This summer heat exceeded the limit to engaging in hunting-gathering activities and survivability, even in well-watered/vegetated environments. We conclude that extreme summer heat during the LIG could have been the primary barrier hindering the early dispersal beyond/crossing the Arabian Peninsula.
Charting our Forest Future: National Supply Curves for Forest-Based CO₂ Mitigation
Authors: Favero Alice , Austin Kemen
Published: November 2024

Forests currently store more carbon in their vegetation and soil than all of the carbon in earth’s atmosphere. But how much CO₂ can be removed and sequestered by forests in the future, and at what cost? This study examines the potential for forests to sequester CO₂ and the associated costs, utilizing a dynamic economic model, FAO data, and new remote sensing-based estimates of forest regeneration. It finds that up to 12 GtCO₂ could be sequestered by 2050 through forest mitigation activities, with 44% from afforestation/reforestation, 30% from avoided deforestation emissions, and 26% from changes in forest management. The majority of mitigation (64%) is expected to come from tropical regions, although this share decreases with higher monetary incentives. A constrained scenario, which limits land conversion to historical rates, reduces global sequestration potential by 41% in 2050, particularly impacting temperate forests. These findings provide valuable insights for assessing the cost of national forest sequestration targets and guiding policymakers in the development of evidence-informed forest-based mitigation actions.
Melatonin delayed leaf senescence induced by WRKY75 in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Wang Ke-yu , Mao Jing-jing , Chen Wen-hui , Li De-qiang , Tang Zi-zhong , Chen Yang-er , Yuan Shu , Li Gong-hong , Yuan Ming
Published: November 2024

Leaf senescence, highly regulated by plant hormones and environmental factors, represents the final stage of leaf development. Therefore, the strategies to delay leaf senescence might extent the limitation of growth and yield for crop. Although previous studies had demonstrated the potential of melatonin to delay leaf senescence, its mechanism remained many mysteries. Here, we reported the role of melatonin in delaying WRKY75-induced leaf senescence. Exogenous melatonin increased chlorophyll content and reduced the accumulation of ROS in plants. In addition, it up-regulated the expression of the SNAT gene and increased its melatonin level. Exogenous melatonin also decreased SA level and down-regulated SID2 gene expression. Furthermore, the expression of SAG13 and WRKY75, both positive senescence-related genes, was found to decrease after melatonin treatment. These findings suggest that melatonin counteracts the effects of a network structure comprising SA, ROS, and WRKY75 on senescence, thereby regulating various events related to plant senescence and delaying leaf senescence.
Food insecurity prevalence and its sociodemographic correlates among Spanish adolescents: The EHDLA study
Authors: Cisneros-Vásquez Emily , López-Moreno Miguel , Gutiérrez-Espinoza Héctor , Olivares-Arancibia Jorge , Yañéz-Sepúlveda Rodrigo , Martín-Calvo Nerea , Smith Lee , López-Gil José Francisco
Published: November 2024

Insufficient and unequal access to food (i.e. food insecurity [FI]) has a negative impact on health, especially in vulnerable groups such as adolescents. This study investigates the prevalence of FI and its sociodemographic correlates among adolescents in the Valle de Ricote, Murcia, Spain. Using data from the Eating Healthy and Daily Life Activities (EHDLA) study, a representative sample of 882 adolescents (median = 14, IQR = 2) was analyzed during the 2021–2022 academic year. FI was measured using the Child Food Security Survey Module in Spanish (CFSSM-S). Findings showed a prevalence of FI of 16.2%, with significant sociodemographic disparities. Adolescents from immigrant (odds ratio [OR] = 2.41; 95% CI: 1.38–4.21) and diverse (OR = 2.04; 95% CI: 1.10–3.79) families showed a higher susceptibility to FI. In addition, higher parental education reduced the risk of FI (college education: OR = 0.36; 95% CI: 0.17–0.74). These findings reveal a high prevalence of FI among Spanish adolescents, underscoring the urgent need to implement public health policies and interventions to reduce these social disparities.
Knowledge Graph to Facilitate Cloud SecurityCompliance with NIST Cybersecurity Framework
Authors: Alomari Zakaria , Wong William , Lee Sean , satti Muhammad Islam
Published: November 2024

In efforts to match the ever-growing cyber threats, which have become more sophisticated and more challenging to detect, governments and organizations worldwide have developed many standards and regulations. However, various standards and requirements across different industries often overlap, causing confusion about which standards to adopt to match specific requirements. Moreover, compliance requirements related to cybersecurity are constantly being changed. New requirements are also being developed to meet emerging technology use cases as well as threats, such as artificial intelligence. Individuals and organizations put in significant efforts to comprehend each standard and maintain compliance. It is beneficial to have a solution that tackles the problem of the amount of time and effort required to quickly map compliance requirements with security controls. This paper aims to tackle this problem in the cloud industry by systemically demonstrating deployment of a knowledge graph or ontology that maps cloud security controls in the security control level implementation level with the NIST Cybersecurity Framework. Past efforts were focused on mapping at the security category level and not the implementation level of security controls that facilitates actual granular level compliance. The ontology deployed could expediate the implementation of security controls and compliances by facilitating the incorporation of common software languages like HTTP and Java. The methodology described in this paper could also be extended to other compliance standards.
A Coding-Efficiency Analysis of HEVC Encoder Embedded in High-End Mobile Chipsets
Authors: Costa Vítor , Perleberg Murilo , Agostini Luciano , Porto Marcelo
Published: November 2024

High-end mobile devices require dedicated hardware for real-time video encoding and decoding processes. However, the inherent complexity of the video encoding process, combined with the physical limitations imposed by hardware design such as energy consumption, encoding time, memory usage, and heat dissipation, demands the implementation of various constraints and limitations in commercial hardware to simplify and make them feasible for general use. The High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard is the main targeted video encoder for processing high-resolution videos in high-end chipsets. This paper aims to analyze the HEVC encoder implemented into three commercial chipsets found in high-end smartphones (Apple iPhone 14 Pro, Samsung Galaxy S23 Plus, and Redmi Note 10S) from three major mobile chip manufacturers (Apple, Qualcomm, and MediaTek), considering the impacts of video encoder limitations on encoding efficiency (BD-Rate) and encoding time. The results in this paper may be used as a comparative foundation for hardware designers and future works in the field, as it exposes the encoding efficiency drawbacks, and the encoding time gains that commercial chipsets exhibit in their HEVC encoder.