bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Taxonomic triage of the genus Thrissina from Indian waters: a step towards diversity assessment
Authors: Gopinath Ashly , Abdussamad E. M. , S Jeena N.
Published: March 2024

Anchovies of the genus Thrissina (family Engraulidae) are common pelagic fishes that constitute a high-volume fishery resource along the Indian coast. Their accurate identification is essential for the fishery and management of resources. 314 specimens of six species of the genus Thrissina were collected to generate data for exact field identification and species-specific molecular signatures. The identification of the specimens was confirmed using morphometric and meristic parameters, along with COI-based DNA barcodes. This integrative study also aimed to reconstruct a phylogeny to clarify the evolutionary relationships among the species. The morpho-meristic results indicated that maxillary length, number of scutes, number of lower gill rakers, and anal fin ray count were the main characteristics for identifying Thrissina species. The species barcoded included T. setirostris, T. malabarica, T. mystax, T. baelama, T. polybranchialis, and T. vitrirostris. The nucleotide content of each species was examined and the genetic distance was calculated. The interspecific genetic distance (K2P) ranged from 13–22% with the highest distance observed between T. baelama and T. malabarica (22%) and the lowest between T. mystax and T. polybranchialis (13%). The average genetic distance within the genus was 19%. The topology of the phylogenetic tree showed that all the species in this study formed separate clades with a common ancestor. This work provides the first COI-barcode of the least investigated T. polybranchialis from the Indian coast, and establishes the relationship between T. mystax and T. polybranchialis. The integrative data generated here will aid in the correct identification and global studies on the genus. More morphological and molecular studies are recommended to clarify the relationship between all available species within this genus.
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: Retrospective Study on Possible Predictors of Treatment Success and Revisiting the Role of Non-contrast-enhanced Computer Tomography in Kidney and Ureteral Stone Disease
Authors: Oliveira Beatriz , Teixeira Bernardo , Magalhães Martinha , Vinagre Nuno , Cavadas Vítor , Fraga Avelino
Published: March 2024

Background
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is a safe and efficient treatment option for urinary stone disease. The overall stone-free rate (SFR) varies significantly. This study aimed to assess the influence of stone size, location, stone density, and skin-to-stone distance (SSD), on the outcome of ESWL. We assessed whether pre-treatment non-contrast-enhanced CT scan (NCCT) confers significant advantages compared to kidney-ureter-bladder film (KUB) only.
Methods
We reviewed the medical records of 307 cases (165 men, 142 women) with renal and ureteral stones treated consecutively at our institution with ESWL between 2020 and 2023. 44 of these underwent a NCCT. The outcome of ESWL was defined in two ways: visible stone fragmentation on KUB, and the need for further treatment.
Results
Overall success of fragmentation was 85% (261 patients). 61% of patients (n = 184) didn’t need any further treatment. Stone size and location correlated significantly with treatment outcomes regarding the need for further treatment (p = 0,004) and stone fragmentation (p = 0,016), respectively. Unlike mean SSD (p = 0,462), the mean attenuation value (MAV) significantly correlated with the need for retreatment (p = 0,016). MAV seems to be a better predictor of treatment success (AUC of the ROC curve: 0,729), compared to stone size (AUC: 0,613). The difference between groups (with and without NCCT) in both treatment outcomes did not reach statistical significance.
Conclusion
During decision-making, information regarding SSD and MAV can be useful in more dubious scenarios. However, it appears that their inclusion doesn’t provide substantial advantages when compared to relying solely on KUB.
Microbe-binding antibodies in the female genital tract: associations with the vaginal microbiome and genital immunology
Authors: Liu Rachel , Pollock James , Huibner Sanja , Udayakumar Suji , Irungu Erastus , Ngurukiri Pauline , Muthoga Peter , Adhiambo Wendy , Kimani Joshua , Beattie Tara , Coburn Bryan , Kaul Rupert
Published: March 2024

Background
Mucosal antibodies in the gut maintain homeostasis between the host and the local microbiome through the clearance of pathogenic bacteria and the development of immune tolerance to inflammatory bacteria. Whether similar bacteria-immunoglobulin interactions modulate cervicovaginal inflammation and/or bacterial colonization in the female genital tract (FGT) is not well understood. Here, we used a flow cytometry-based assay to quantify microbe-binding IgA and IgG in the cervicovaginal secretions of 200 HIV-uninfected women from Nairobi, Kenya that were enriched for bacterial vaginosis (BV) and evaluated the associations of cervicovaginal IgA and IgG with the vaginal microbiome composition and local soluble immune factors.
Results
Total IgA and IgG were abundant in cervicovaginal secretions and frequently demonstrated ex vivo binding to key vaginal bacteria species Gardnerella vaginalis, Prevotella bivia, Lactobacillus iners, and Lactobacillus crispatus. Microbe-binding antibodies were generally not associated with the presence/absence of the corresponding bacteria. Total and microbe-binding IgA and IgG were inversely correlated with total bacterial abundance and positively correlated with several pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF) and chemotactic chemokines (IP-10, MIG, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, MIP-3α, MCP-1, IL-8), independent of total bacterial abundance.
Conclusions
Flow cytometry-based quantification of microbe-binding antibodies provides a platform to investigate host-microbiota interactions in the FGT of human observational and interventional studies. In contrast to the gut, cervicovaginal microbe-binding IgA and IgG do not appear to be immunoregulatory but may indirectly mitigate bacteria-induced inflammation by reducing total bacterial abundance.
Enhancing industrial decision-making through ML-integrated frameworks and multi-criteria decision-making approach
Authors: Hala Eng. Mellouli , Anwar Meddaoui , Abdelhamid Zaki
Published: March 2024

Decision-making in contemporary industrial settings has evolved from intuition to data-driven methodologies, necessitating efficient handling of vast datasets. Conventional Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) approaches struggle with the complexities of big data. This study introduces an innovative decision-support system integrating multi-criteria methods with machine learning techniques as artificial neural network. The proposed six-step framework aims to optimize operational decisions by analyzing real-time performance data. The research contributes to the advancement of decision-making methodologies in the industrial field, offering dynamic responsiveness and enhanced recommendations compared to traditional MCDM methods. While promising, future work must focus on robustness testing, particularly in real-time data dependencies, to ensure sustained efficacy and mitigate potential biases in recommendations over time.
Distribution, Habitats and Behavior of the Non-Indigenous Brachyuran Percnon gibbesi (Percnidae) of Southwestern Mediterranean (Algeria)
Authors: Bada Neila , Derbal Farid , Nouacer Sabah , Rachedi Mounira
Published: March 2024

Some ecological aspects of the alien crab Percnon gibbesi (H. Milne Edwards, 1853) have been approached by visual surveys in the southwestern Mediterranean waters (East, Algeria). This sampling method, applied on a coastal line of 16.2 km and between 0 and − 3 m depth, allowed us to collect information on abundances and densities by size category, nature of the habitat and behavior of this species. Overall 22 diurnal dives (3 observations/dive) were carried out in 2 different adjacent costal sectors, the Bay of Annaba (Sector 1: Lever de l’Aurore-Amphore), located at the east, and Cap de Garde (Sector 2: Cap de Garde - Djenen El Bey beach), located at the west of the Bay. We recorded an average total of 5325 individuals (± 15.62) with numerical dominance in sector 2 (4472 ± 9 ind.). Medium-sized individuals dominated numerically in sector 1 (412 ± 10 ind.), while large individuals were better represented in sector 2 (1980 ± 12.77 ind.). Average densities in two sectors varied to according on measurement unit (surface, dive time). Whatever the sector, the rock cracks sheltered the greatest number of individuals. No individual was observed on homogeneous bottoms. Overall, crabs are indifferent in the presence of an observer.
Optimizing Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems:Novel Models and Heuristic Algorithms
Authors: Hosseini Eghbal , Al-Ghaili Abbas M. , Deveci Muhammet , Gunasekaran Saraswathy Shamini , Jamil Norziana
Published: March 2024

In practical applications, real-world challenges ofteninvolve the integration of multiple renewable energy sources,including solar, wind, hydro, biomass, geothermal, and energystorage solutions like batteries. The primary objective ofthese integrated systems is to optimize energy production,enhance system reliability, and simultaneously minimize costssuch as those associated with fossil fuels and greenhouse gasemissions. Therefore, it is crucial to model these complexproblems as all objectives are covered. In this paper, wepropose multi-objective and multi-level mathematical modelsfor Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems (HRESs). These modelsallow us to simultaneously address various objectives andlevels of decision-making in the context of renewable energyintegration. Then, to effectively tackle these complex models,the paper introduces two efficient hybrid algorithms for bothmulti-level and multi-objective models. First algorithm is acombined smoothing approach to address multi-level problem.The algorithm uses Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions,some mathematical principles and proofs, and a heuristicfunction to smooth the multi-level model. Finally, the algorithmemploys Taylor approximation to further refine the smoothedproblem. The second algorithm, focuses on multi-objective model,which involves two phases: first, a heuristic algorithm simplifiesobjective functions through interpolation; second, the populationis enhanced using the Laying Chicken Algorithm (LCA); and aneural network refines the best LCA generation to identify thePareto front in multi-objective problems.
Identifying Psychosis Episodes in Psychiatric Admission Notes via Rule-based Methods, Machine Learning, and Pre-Trained Language Models
Authors: hua yining , Blackley Suzanne , Shinn Ann , Skinner Joseph , Moran Lauren , Zhou Li
Published: March 2024

Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment and improved outcomes, yet identifying psychotic episodes presents significant challenges due to its complex nature and the varied presentation of symptoms among individuals. One of the primary difficulties lies in the underreporting and underdiagnosis of psychosis, compounded by the stigma surrounding mental health and the individuals' often diminished insight into their condition. Existing efforts leveraging Electronic Health Records (EHRs) to retrospectively identify psychosis typically rely on structured data, such as medical codes and patient demographics, which frequently lack essential information. Addressing these challenges, our study leverages Natural Language Processing (NLP) algorithms to analyze psychiatric admission notes for the diagnosis of psychosis, providing a detailed evaluation of rule-based algorithms, machine learning models, and pre-trained language models. Additionally, the study investigates the effectiveness of employing keywords to streamline extensive note data before training and evaluating the models. Analyzing 4,617 initial psychiatric admission notes (1,196 cases of psychosis versus 3,433 controls) from 2005 to 2019, we discovered that the XGBoost classifier employing Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) features derived from notes pre-selected by expert-curated keywords, attained the highest performance with an F1 score of 0.8881 (AUROC [95% CI]: 0.9725 [0.9717, 0.9733]). BlueBERT demonstrated comparable efficacy an F1 score of 0.8841 (AUROC [95% CI]: 0.97 [0.9580, 0.9820]) on the same set of notes. Both models markedly outperformed traditional International Classification of Diseases (ICD) code-based detection methods from discharge summaries, which had an F1 score of 0.7608, thus improving the margin by 0.12. Furthermore, our findings indicate that keyword pre-selection markedly enhances the performance of both machine learning and pre-trained language models. This study illustrates the potential of NLP techniques to improve psychosis detection within admission notes and aims to serve as a foundational reference for future research on applying NLP for psychosis identification in EHR notes.
Synovial transcriptome-wide association study implicates novel genes underlying rheumatoid arthritis risk
Authors: Hu Shou-ye , Song Hui-Miao , Jiang Feng , Wang Ya-kang , Tian Wen , Wu Hao , Yao Shi , He Chang-Yi , Gao Hui-Wu , Yang Tie-Lin , Yang Zhi , Guo Yan
Published: March 2024

Background
To identify rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-associated susceptibility genes and pathways through integrating genome-wide association study (GWAS) and self-collected gene expression profile data.
Methods
A gene expression prediction model was built for synovium in 202 arthritic patients with matched genotype and gene expression data. Using the FUSION software performed a transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS). GWAS summary data was driven from the largest RA GWAS meta-analysis (n = 276,020). Further analyses (conditional and joint analysis, two types of causal analysis, differential expression analysis and gene-set enrichment analysis) were used to deepen our understanding of genetic architecture and comorbidity aetiology of RA.
Results
We identified eight conditionally independent genes associated with RA after Bonferroni corrections, of which three genes were novel, such as TPRA1 (PTWAS = 9.59 × 10− 6) and HIP1 (PTWAS = 1.47 × 10− 5). We identified four genes that showed strong causal evidence, four genes differentially expressed in RA, and explored the possibility of new uses for known drugs.
Conclusions
By using relevant tissues in synovium, our TWAS analysis led to the identification of previously unknown RA-associated genes, shedding new light on the underlying genetic architecture of RA.
A multi-stage time-backtracking grey wolf optimizer introducing a new hierarchy mechanism
Authors: Yang Jiajie , Gu Wei
Published: March 2024

The Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) is a swarm intelligence algorithm that mimics natural creatures. It is characterized by fast convergence, few parameters and high accuracy. However, after extensive research, it is found that GWO is easily converged too early in the process of the algorithm, which leads to the reduction of population diversity and the results are not accurate enough, in addition, GWO has a problem that the results tend to converge to 0 easily, which means that the algorithm obtains exceptionally good results on the test function with the optimal point of 0, but not in other cases. To solve the main problems of GWO, this paper proposes to introduce a new hierarchical multi-stage adaptive search grey wolf optimization algorithm called MTBGWO. In this paper, we compare MTBGWO with other excellent algorithms on 23 benchmark standard test sets before and after panning and CEC2013 conference test sets, and the results show that MTBGWO can largely improve the above mentioned problems and improve the performance of the algorithm. To further test the usability of the algorithm on real-world problems, the algorithm is used in this paper on three classical engineering problems and the results show that the algorithm has good applicability and accuracy on real-world problems.
Graph Neural Networks for Multi-modal Recommendation: A Bipartite Heterogeneous Approach
Authors: Patel Aarav , Hayes Kellan , Watson Kade
Published: March 2024

In the era of big data and information technology, the exponential growth in data volume has significantly enriched people's lives, meeting their ever-expanding needs. However, this deluge of data has also led to a proliferation of invalid information, posing a considerable challenge in people's daily lives. Graph data has emerged as a focal point in data mining research, offering a powerful framework for organizing and analyzing complex relationships within datasets. Graphs, comprised of nodes and edges, serve as versatile structures for representing diverse datasets. This paper proposes the use of graph neural network techniques to address the challenging cold start problem while preserving the model's ability to capture and understand node content features. In recommender systems, the user-item interaction graph typically takes the form of a bipartite heterogeneous graph, where user nodes and item nodes belong to distinct domains, each with potentially different initial feature dimensions. This inherent heterogeneity necessitates the development of specialized techniques tailored to bipartite heterogeneous graph inference. The paper presents a recommendation method based on graph neural networks and driven by the attention mechanism. By incorporating multidimensional representation vectors of users, items, and ratings, the proposed approach aims to improve recommendation quality, particularly when dealing with sparse rating matrices. Additionally, we introduce subgraph extraction to diversify training graph topology by sampling subgraphs from large graphs. Experimental results demonstrate that the recommendation model proposed in this paper outperforms several mainstream baselines while effectively addressing the cold start problem.
Synthesis, spectral characterizations and in silico study of some 2-amino-4,6-diarylpyrimidines derived from chalcones
Authors: Aiwonegbe Anthony E. , Iyasele  , Usifoh
Published: March 2024

Four 2-amino-4,6-diarylpyrimidines were synthesized from their respective 1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one (chalcone) precursors. The chalcones were condensed with guanidine carbonate by refluxing in dimethylformamide for 4 hours at 140°C to obtained the title compounds: 4,6-Diphenyl-pyrimidin-2-ylamine (PAA1), 4-(4-Nitro-phenyl)-6-phenyl-pyrimidin-2-ylamine (PAA2), 4-Phenyl-6-(3,4,5-trimethoxy-phenyl)pyrimidin-2-ylamine (PAA3) and 4-Phenyl-6-(3,4,5-trimethoxy-phenyl)pyrimidin-2-ylamine (PAA4). TLC was used to ascertain the purity of the synthesized compounds and their melting points were determined using the open capillary method. They were characterized using IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and GC-MS. Biological activities of the title compounds were predicted using Gaussian 16 software suite36 (for full geometry optimization in chloroform and gas phase) and SwissADME web tool for the lipophilicity and hydrophylicity. The compounds were obtained in good yield and the characteristic N-H stretch of the -NH2 group (free and H-bonded) was observed at 3503, 3380 cm-1(PAA1); 3492, 3317 cm-1(PAA2); 3194,3309 cm-1 for (PAA3) and 3466, 3313 cm-1(PAA4). The logP values revealed that the lipophilicity of the compounds is in the order: PAA1< PAA2< PAA3< PAA4. The computations on the optimized geometry established the possible application of the compounds in the synthesis of modern pharmaceuticals.
Potencialidades y desafíos del uso de plataformas digitales educativas desde las voces de la comunidad educativa catalana
Authors: Massó-Guijarro Belén , Herrera-Urízar Gustavo , Folguera-Álvarez Sònia , Alonso-Cano, Cristina
Published: March 2024

Las Plataformas Digitales Educativas (PDE) se han convertido en una infraestructura dominante para la participación y creación en línea de la ciudadanía, generando un gran impacto en las comunidades escolares. Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar los discursos de los equipos directivos, el profesorado y el alumnado en torno a su experiencia de uso cotidiano de las PDE. La perspectiva metodológica del estudio es de naturaleza etnográfica, aplicando el estudio de caso desde un enfoque hermenéutico. Los resultados del estudio apuntan a que el profesorado, el estudiantado y los equipos directivos valoran la practicidad y la potencialidad de facilitación en la experiencia pedagógica que brindan las PDE. No obstante, nuestros informantes también mostraron acentuadas preocupaciones sobre el posible uso abusivo de datos que las PDE estén haciendo en el entorno escolar. Otras preocupaciones emergentes fueron la carencia de protocolos específicos de control institucional que preserven el derecho a la privacidad y la carga de trabajo adicional para el profesorado que se deriva de la hiperconectividad que promueven las PDE, o la posible estandarización de las prácticas docentes. Como conclusiones de nuestro estudio, emerge la necesidad de establecer protocolos de protección de datos que garanticen el derecho a la privacidad del alumnado, la conveniencia de buscar alternativas a las grandes empresas tecnológicas y más en general, la necesidad de hacer un uso reflexivo y crítico de la tecnología en el entorno escolar.
Plataformas digitales comerciales en la educación pública. Desafíos emergentes sobre privacidad y protección de datos
Authors: Rivera-Vargas Pablo , Raffaghelli Juliana , Miño-Puigcercós Raquel
Published: March 2024

El presente articulo estudia las percepciones de los principales representantes de la comunidad educativa sobre el uso de las plataformas digitales en entornos educativos, centrándose en cuestiones de privacidad y protección de datos. Se adoptó una metodología cualitativa con un enfoque etnográfico para analizar seis casos específicos en diferentes instituciones educativas de Cataluña, incluidos centros de primaria y secundaria. La recopilación de datos involucró entrevistas y grupos de discusión con equipos directivos y profesorado y estudiantado. A partir de un enfoque inductivo del discurso, se observa que todos los actores involucrados demuestran una conciencia común de la importancia de la privacidad y la protección de datos en la era digital. Sin embargo, las diferencias son evidentes en la forma en que cada grupo actúa a partir de sus preocupaciones. El artículo concluye que seguir profundizando en esta problemática es vital para construir ecosistemas digitales alternativos y equitativos que no expongan a las personas, y especialmente, al alumnado.
Calculation of the Budget of Uncertainty on Measurements Size Nanoparticles Using Dynamic Light Scattering
Authors: Geraldes Adriana , Rosero Wilmmer , Rostelato Maria Elisa , Sarkis Jorge
Published: March 2024

Accurate nanoparticle characterization is essential since it can significantly affect its physicochemical and biological properties. Among physicochemical properties used to characterize nanomaterials, size and size distribution are essential and should be assessed before surveying poisonousness or biocompatibility. Several methods are suitable to evaluate these characteristics including the dynamic light scattering. The aims of the present paper were to propose a methodology to measure nanoparticle size and present the estimation of the particle size uncertainty using the dynamic light scattering technique. The reliability of measurements was ensured by a series of handling precautions and quality criteria for good measurements to be applied for methodology validation using reference material polyvinylpyrrolidone coated silver nanoparticles. The identification and quantification of input quantities to the measurement uncertainties were estimated. The uncertainty concerning the equipment was 1.2% while the repeatability obtained was 1.4%, within the range of values stipulated in the reference standard (less than 5%). The relative standard uncertainties of trueness and repeatability were below the thresholds defined by the International Organization for Standardization. The result of the expanded uncertainty was 3.9% with 95% coverage probability for the reference material.
Bienestar psicológico, imagen corporal y conductas alimentarias de riesgo en estudiantes universitarias
Authors: Figuerola Escoto Rosa Paola , Barrera Hernández Laura Fernanda , Vargas de la Cruz Ivette , Luna Pérez David
Published: March 2024

Los estudiantes universitarios son susceptibles a presentar bajos niveles de bienestar psicológico (BP), lo que se asocia con altos niveles de ansiedad y depresión, hábitos poco saludables y baja aceptación de la imagen corporal (AIC), fundamentalmente en mujeres, y puede derivar en conductas alimentarias de riesgo (CAR). Objetivo: (1) Describir los niveles de BP, AIC y propensión a CAR; (2) determinar perfiles que integren la posesión diferenciada de BP con la AIC, la propensión a CAR y variables sociodemográficas; (3) identificar predictores de bajo nivel de BP, en estudiantes universitarias. Método: Estudio descriptivo, transversal y ex post facto con 781 mujeres universitarias que respondieron un cuestionario sociodemográfico, el Multidimensional Body Self Relations Questionnaire, la Escala de BP para Adultos y el Cuestionario Breve de CAR. Resultados: El 47% de las participantes presentan niveles de BP bajo, 41.4% medio y 10.8% alto; 34.8% presentó baja AIC, 50.3% media y 14.9% alta; 41.7% presentó CAR. Se detectaron cuatro perfiles de estudiantes: (1) consumen alcohol, tabaco y tienen vida sexualmente activa; (2) de áreas administrativas y ciencias sociales con una AIC alta, promedio alto, de escuelas privadas, BP de medio a alto y sin CAR; (3) áreas de la salud, ingenierías y otras, con AIC baja, promedio bajo, de escuelas públicas, BP bajo, con CAR y necesidad de atención psicológica; (4) sin consumo de alcohol y tabaco, sin vida sexual activa, con AIC media y promedio medio. Los predictores de bajo nivel de BP fueron presentar baja AIC y CAR, y reportar requerir atención psicológica.
Ambiente escolar positivo, justicia escolar, conducta sostenible y bienestar en estudiantes de bachillerato
Authors: Valenzuela García Beatriz María , Frías Armenta Martha
Published: March 2024

Un ambiente escolar positivo (AEP) puede promover la percepción de justicia escolar (JE), la manifestación de conductas sostenibles (CS) y la experimentación de bienestar. En este sentido, el objetivo de la presente investigación es analizar la relación entre AEP, JE, CS y el Bienestar Escolar Subjetivo (BES) en estudiantes de bachillerato. Para tal efecto, se realizó un estudio correlacional, prospectivo y transversal, en el que participaron 349 estudiantes (M = 16.39 años; D.E. = 0.68). Se aplicaron las escalas de Ambiente Escolar Positivo, de Justicia Escolar, de Conducta Sostenible y 16 reactivos del cuestionario Bienestar Subjetivo en Estudiantes Universitarios. Se estimó la confiabilidad, validez convergente, discriminante y concurrente de cada instrumento; además, se probaron modelos de covarianzas y estructurales. Los resultados indicaron la validez y confiabilidad de la mayoría de las escalas (α ≥ 0.60; W ≥ 0.65). El AEP se relacionó directa y positivamente con el BES, y de forma indirecta a través de la CS y la JE. El modelo estructural explicó el 74% de la varianza del BES, lo cual indica que el AEP, la JE y la CS promueven en gran parte el BES de las y los estudiantes. Los resultados pueden utilizarse para promover el mejoramiento de programas escolares y políticas públicas que generen una educación constructiva.
Świat natury w twórczości Ryszarda Kapuścińskiego
Authors: Kusiak Wojciech
Published: March 2024

Ryszard Kapuscinski admired the beauty and richness of nature. As a reporter, foreign and war correspondent, writer, poet and a photographer, sometimes he experienced difficulties in describing the reality that surrounded him. Even more so when it concerned phenomena occurring in geographically distant and culturally foreign areas. While delighting in the ecosphere, Kapuscinski adopted an anthropocentric attitude. He considered people to be his most natural environment. Referring to the conceptual apparatus of the philosophy of dialogue, it can be argued that for him nature was a stage of an encounter with another human being.
MÉTODO ARQUEOLÓGICO EM ANGELA DAVIS E BELL HOOKS PARA A CONSTRUÇÃO DE NARRATIVAS DECOLONIAIS
Authors: Lessa Bruna , Crosara Maria Luiza Ferreira
Published: March 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo destacar o impacto da metodologia da pesquisa arqueológica nas obras de Angela Davis (2016) e bell hooks (2023), respectivamente, “Mulher, Raça e Classe”, e “E eu não sou uma Mulher? Mulheres negras e feminismo”, que buscam reexaminar, de modo imersivo, a experiência e luta contra a violência da escravidão na história de mulheres negras. As intelectuais feministas negras estadunidenses abrem as portas para um pensamento científico menos tolerante à misoginia, ao racismo, e outras formas de violências relacionais e institucionais, de modo a romper com a tradição da historiografia positivista. Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental, que contempla a análise crítica das referidas obras, com base no método filosófico pautado na investigação histórica de Michel Foucault (2008). Ressalta-se, então, a importância do reconhecimento dessas literaturas enquanto estimadas representantes e invasoras da arqueologia do saber, e a relevância de novas produções que possibilitem uma representação social coerente com a realidade dos discursos sobre a mulher negra, contribuindo para uma narrativa histórica contada pela pessoa oprimida, no intuito de abrir frestas para o efetivo rompimento com as epistemologias que legitimam e favorecem sistemas de opressão. Por meio de uma arqueologia da escravidão, para além das formações discursivas coloniais das práticas econômicas, políticas e sociais, as filósofas exploram as interconexões entre diferentes narrativas, revelando a complexa teia que sustenta as relações de poder, e como a marginalização é perpetuada. A conclusão direciona para a importância de reconhecer e valorizar as experiências das mulheres negras, destacando a necessidade de dar voz a essas narrativas historicamente silenciadas.
Herbal Treatments for Obesity: A Review
Authors: Gasmi Amin , Noor Sadaf , Mujawdiya Pavan Kumar , Akram Muhammad , Manzoor Aisha , Bjørklund Geir
Published: March 2024

Obesity is the most pervasive metabolic disorder, further linked with many
other diseases, including diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disorders, and sleep apnea.
To control the increasing weight of obese individuals, experts usually recommend
exercise and lifestyle alterations, but medication and surgeries are also advised in severe
cases. FDA-approved obesity-controlling drugs are effective but possess certain adverse
effects, including dry mouth, drug abuse, dysregulation in monoamine neurotransmitters,
insomnia, and many more. Medication processes are expensive; researchers have focused
on safer and more effective alternative approaches than pharmaceutical drugs.
Since ancient times, a diverse array of herbal plants have been used due to their therapeutic
effect, as in-vitro and in-vivo experimentations have proved the effectiveness of herbal
plants with no mortality. In this review, we have presented various herbs with their
metabolically active secondary metabolites, including Berberis vulgaris L, Rhizoma Coptidis,
Radix Lithospermi, Aloe vera, Clerodendrum multiflorum Burm f., Astragalus membranaceus
(Fisch), Boerhaavia diffusa, Achyranthes aspera L., etc. All of these herbs
are responsible for anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory effects. Most of the
previously published clinical trials and animal studies that confirmed the significant potential
of these herbal plants and their active ingredients to reduce weight by decreasing
the accumulated fats in the body have also been discussed in this review. Thus, it is concluded
that scientists must consider and utilize these natural treasures for safe, effective,
and cost-effective treatment. It will open new and novel ways for treatment regimes.
Imidazo[1,2-A]Pyridine: Potent Biological Activity, SAR and Docking
Investigations (2017-2022)
Authors: Narayan Aditya , Patel Shivkant , Baile Sunil B. , Jain Surabhi , Sharma Smriti
Published: March 2024

Background:

Regarding scientific research, Imidazo[1,2-a] pyridine derivatives are constantly being developed due to the scaffold’s intriguing chemical structure and varied bio-logical activity. They are distinctive organic nitrogen-bridged heterocyclic compounds that have several uses in medicines, organometallics and natural products. It has become a vital tool for medicinal chemists.

Methods:

In order to gather scientific information on Imidazo[1,2-a] pyridines derivative, Google, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and other databases were searched. In the current study, the medicinal value and therapeutic effect of Imidazo[1,2-a] pyridines were investigated using above mentioned databases. The current study analyzed the detailed pharmacological ac-tivities of Imidazo[1,2-a] pyridine analogs through literature from diverse scientific research works.

Results:

Due to its wide range of biological activities, including antiulcer, anticonvulsant, anti-protozoal, anthelmintic, antiepileptic, antifungal, antibacterial, analgesic, antiviral, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antituberculosis, and antitumor properties, imidazopyridine is one of the most significant structural skeletons in the field of natural and pharmaceutical products. An imidazopyridine scaffold serves as the basis for a number of therapeutically utilized medica-tions, including zolpidem, alpidem, olprinone, zolimidine, and necopidem.

Conclusion:

This comprehensive study covers the period of the last five years, and it sheds light on the developments and emerging pharmacological actions of Imidazo[1,2-a] pyridines. Additionally, the structure-activity relationship and molecular docking studies are carefully documented throughout the paper, providing medicinal chemists with a clear picture for devel-oping new drugs.
Recent Advances in Orally Disintegrating Tablet: Properties, Formulation and Production
Authors: Yee Kar Ming , Mohamad Najwa , Kee Phei Er , Chew Yik-Ling , Lee Siew-Keah , Lakshminarayanan Vijayakumar , Tan Ching Siang , Liew Kai Bin
Published: March 2024

:

Healthcare practitioners, patients, and consumers widely recognize the convenience as-sociated with administering oral tablets. The emergence of orally disintegrating tablets (ODTs) represents a significant advancement in solid dosage forms, facilitating more convenient oral de-livery while maintaining medication safety, effectiveness, and quality. The ODTs market is ex-pected to experience continuous growth in the coming years despite the internal challenges faced by commercial manufacturers. This paper initiates a comprehensive discussion of the properties of ODTs, including palatability and taste, drug content, disintegration, mechanical strength, mois-ture content, safety, and efficacy. The formulation factors that affect each of these qualities are also discussed. Additionally, this review delves into the processes of the production of ODTs, en-compassing the approaches and technologies from the mixing of active ingredients and recipients to the formation and packaging of ODTs. This review provides valuable insights into the ad-vancement in ODTs technology, aiming to equip researchers with the knowledge necessary to improve quality and optimize efficiency, ultimately receiving high acceptance from patients or consumers.
PANDAS: Twenty-Five Years Later
Authors: Cardelle-Pérez Federico , Díaz-Caneja Greciano María Ángeles
Published: March 2024

Background:

It has been 25 years since the definition of the concept
of Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with
Streptococcal Infections (PANDAS). The abrupt onset of neuropsychiatric
symptoms requires a comprehensive differential diagnosis involving
complementary tests and optimal treatment selection.

Methods:

This paper describes aspects related to the diagnosis and clinical
management of PANDAS. A clinical perspective is developed starting from an
example that meets the Swedo's criteria.

Discussion:

A comprehensive approach, including interdisciplinary management
and urgent evaluation of potential organic causes, is crucial for effective
treatment. Treatment decisions should consider severity, symptoms, and available
evidence. Collaboration with neuropediatric or neurological services is needed.
ASLO/anti-DNase B and 25-OH-Vitamin D tests are valuable for atypical
OCD/Tic presentations, always maintaining a broader organic screening.
Indicação Geográfica (IG) e Governança Local na Interface Rural-Urbana no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
Authors: Machado Filipe Da Silva , Bicalho Ana Maria
Published: March 2024

Geographical Indication (GI) is a process of valuing traditional products from a specific region, and its main objective is to attribute value to the product, local farmers, and the agricultural region. When certain products are recognised as a specific geographic origin, an important marketing tool is developed, but also incentives for public policies. The significant participation of family farming in the production of differentiated quality food and innovations in agricultural production systems, as well as the convergence of different movements and policies focused on the value of origin, position GIs as one of the relevant strategies for local development. Rural-urban interactions in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro result in spatial diversity and rural innovation. Social actors involved in agricultural production have developed adaptation strategies related to the contemporary rural space, responding, to urbanization and regional changes through resilient pathways. In the context of rural-urban interaction in Rio de Janeiro, the Geographical Indication of citrus farming has been one of the main issues on the agendas of institutions involved with rural communities in Rio Metropolis. This article discusses the role of the social group in the Geographical Indication process and the multiple inter-institutional relationships of the GI Laranja da Região de Tanguá.
COVID-19 Sonrasında Ebeveynlerin Çocukluk Çağı Aşılarına Yaklaşımı
Authors: Gökçay Gönül , Hudaykulyyeva Arzuv , Uğurlu Ali , Ersarı Şen Eda
Published: March 2024

Ebeveynlerin çocuklarına aşı yaptırmama nedenleri arasında ihmal veya aşı reddi gibi etkenler yer alabilir. Bazı ebeveynler, COVID-19'un etkileri, aşıyı üreten şirketlere duyulan güvensizlik ve aşının içeriği konusunda endişelenebilir ve çocuklarını aşılatmamayı tercih edebilirler. Bu durum, sağlık otoritelerinin doğru bilgi sağlaması ve toplumda aşıya güvenin artırılmasıyla ele alınabilir. Bu derlemenin amacı ebeveynlerin çocukluk çağı aşılarına COVID-19 sonrası yaklaşımın nasıl olduğunu güncel literatür ışığında incelemektir. Litaratür taraması 01-31 Ekim 2023 tarihleri arasında yapılmıştır. Çalışma sırasında “Ebeveynler” ve “Çocukluk Çağı Aşıları” ve “COVID 19” ve “Aşı Tereddüdü” ve “Halk Sağlığı Hemşireliği' veya “Çocukluk Çağı Aşıları” ve “COVID 19” ve “Ebeveyn Tutumu” anahtar kelimeleri ve bu kelimelerin İngilizce - Türkçe tercümeleri kullanılarak Google Akademi, Medline, Pubmed ve Sciencedirect arama motorlarında tarama yapılmıştır. Ebeveynlerin büyük bir kısmının, medya ve internet aracılığıyla aşılarla ilgili yanlış veya yanıltıcı bilgilere maruz kaldığı bildirilmektedir. Aynı şekilde, COVID-19 aşısıyla ilgili de katılımcıların büyük bir kısmının sosyal medyadan bilgi aldığını ve negatif bilgilerin aşı konusundaki tereddütleri artırdığı raporlanmaktadır. Bu veriler, bilinçli aşı kampanyalarının ve bilimsel kaynaklardan gelen doğru bilgiye erişimin önemini vurgulamaktadır. Sağlık otoriteleri ve uzmanlar, yanlış inançları düzeltmek ve toplumun aşılara güvenini artırmak için bu tür bilgilendirme çabalarına odaklanmalıdır. Aşı tereddütü ve reddiyle mücadelede sağlık otoriteleri, medya ve sağlık profesyonellerinin önemini vurgulamaktadır. Sağlık Bakanlığı ve Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü tarafından hazırlanan doğru ve güvenilir görsel materyaller, medyanın olumsuz etkisini olumlu bir yöne dönüştürebilir. Medya, topluma doğru bilgileri ulaştırmada güçlü bir araç olarak kullanılabilir. Ayrıca, hemşirelerin konu hakkında rolü büyük önem taşımaktadır.
Pengaruh Optimisme Terhadap Kesejahteraan Subjektif pada Mahasiswa yang Mengerjakan Tugas Akhir
Authors: Dewanti Anin Ditha Putri , Ayriza Yulia
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh optimisme terhadap kesejahteraan subjektif pada mahasiswa yang mengerjakan tugas akhir di Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan merupakan penelitian kuantatif dengan jenis penelitian ex-post facto. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 254 mahasiswa dengan kuesioner sebagai alat untuk mengumpulkan data. Skala yang digunakan merupakan skala optimisme dan skala kesejahteraan subjektif, dimana skala kesejahteraan subjektif terdiri dari subskala PANAS dan subskala kepuasan hidup. Validitas pada skala optimisme menggunakan validitas isi yang diuji melalui expert judgement, validitas faktorial subskala PANAS yakni antara 0,89-0,95; dan validitas konkuren subskala kepuasan hidup 0,73. Reliabilitas pada skala kesejahteraan subjektif adalah 0,814 dan reliabilitas skala optimisme adalah 0,823. Teknik analisis yang digunakan yaitu analisis regresi linier sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh optimisme yang positif dan signifikan terhadap kesejahteraan subjektif (0,0000,05) dengan garis regresi yang didapatkan yakni Y = 33,631 + 0,901X. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa optimisme mampu memprediksi kesejahteraan subjektif mahasiswa yang mengerjakan tugas akhir. Kata Kunci: Kesejahteraan Subjektif; Mahasiswa yang Mengerjakan Tugas Akhir;Optimisme.
Hubungan Pemaafan Diri (Self-forgiveness) dengan Kepuasan Hidup pada Mahasiswa Tahun Pertama
Authors: Larasati Dyah Ayu , Fathiyah Kartika Nur
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan antara pemaafan diri dengan kepuasan hidup pada mahasiswa tahun pertama. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu kuantitatif dengan pendekatan korelasional. Subjek penelitian melibatkan 100 mahasiswa di Yogyakarta. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan yaitu Skala Pemaafan Diri dan Skala Kepuasan Hidup. Reliabilitas Skala Pemaafan Diri dan Kepuasan Hidup ditemukan memuaskan (α 0,7). Data dianalisis dengan statistik deskriptif untuk mendeskripsikan subjek penelitian dan uji korelasi Pearson Product Moment untuk uji hipotesis. Hasil analisis deskriptif menemukan bahwa skor pemaafan diri dan skor kepuasan hidup mahasiswa berada pada kategori sedang. Uji korelasi menunjukkan terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antara pemaafan diri dengan kepuasan hidup (r= 0,377 dan p 0,05). Dengan demikian semakin tinggi pemaafan diri maka semakin tinggi pula kepuasan hidup. Begitupun sebaliknya, semakin rendah pemaafan diri maka semakin rendah kepuasan hidup
VEGETATION STRUCTURE, BIOMASS, AND CARBON STOCK OF MANGROVE FOREST IN EASTERN POHUWATO DISTRICT, MARISA SUB-DISTRICT
Authors: Lodjo Liberty , K. Baderan Dewi Wahyuni , Hamidun Marini Susanti , Rahim Sukirman , Dunggio Iswan
Published: March 2024

Background: Mangrove forests are forests that have the potential to mitigate climate change from the effects of global warming, because mangroves can absorb CO2 in the atmosphere. Mangrove areas in the coastal area of East Pohuwato Regency, Marisa District are quite numerous and have the potential to absorb carbon, so that with a large enough carbon absorption can be able to reduce the levels of CO2 contained in the air. Objective: This study aims to identify vegetation structure, biomass, and carbon stocks in the coastal area of East Pohuwato Regency, Marisa District. Results: the study showed that there were 8 types of mangroves, including Soneratia alba, Rhizophora mucronata, Ceriops decandra, Ceriops tagal, Avicennia marina, Rhizophora stylosa, Sonneratia caseolaris, Rhizophora apiculata. The highest IVi value was found in the Ceriops decandra species with an IVi value of 119.21 in the tree category, then for the sapling category which had the highest IVi value found in the Rhizophora apiculata species of 98.6, for the seedling level the IVi value was found in the Rhizophora apiculata species of 80.23%. The total biomass value is 37,027.2 Kg/ha and the carbon contained in the mangrove forest of East Pohuwato Regency, Marisa District is 18,535.7 Kg C/ha with carbon dioxide absorption of 68027.5 Kg CO2/ha. Conclusion: There are 8 types of mangrove species found in the mangrove forests of the Coastal Area of East Pohuwato Regency, Marisa District at.
ISOLASI, KARAKTERISASI, DAN IDENTIFIKASI BAKTERI HALOFILIK PENGHASIL PROTEASE DARI IKAN ASIN LAYUR (Trichiurus lepturus) DI PASAR BERINGHARJO YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Pramesty Alfinda , Rakhmawati Anna
Published: March 2024

Pembuatan ikan asin layur (Trichiurus lepturus) menggunakan ikan air laut dari genus Trichiurus yang berpotensi mengandung bakteri halolifik. Ikan asin memiliki potensi besar sebagai sumber biomassa penghasil enzim protease yang tahan terhadap kadar garam tinggi (halostabil). Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui untuk mengetahui karakteristik dan genus, serta hubungan kekerabatan antar isolat bakteri halofilik penghasil protease dari ikan asin layur (T. Lepturus) di Pasar Beringharjo Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif eksploratif dengan metode observasi. Pengambilan sampel ikan asin layur (T. lepturus) dilakukan pada 3 kios pedagang berbeda berdasarkan daerah hasil produksi pengolahan ikan asin tersebut. Sampel selanjutnya diisolasi pada media selektif Skim Milk Agar + 3% NaCl untuk menumbuhkan bakteri halofilik penghasil protease. Isolat bakteri yang didapatkan kemudian dimurnikan dan dilukan karakterisasi fenetik meliputi morfologi koloni dan sel, fisiologis (biokimia), serta kemampuan tumbuh pada kadar NaCl 0%, 10%, dan 20%. Data yang diperoleh digunakan untuk identifikasi dengan metode matching profile berdasarkan Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology. Hubungan kekerabatan antar isolat bakteri diklasifikasikan menggunakan software MVSP 3.1 dengan algoritma pengklasteran UPGMA dan dikonstruksikan dalam bentuk dendogram. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 7 isolat bakteri halofilik penghasil protease dari ikan asin layur (T. lepturus) yang berhasil diisolasi dari kios pedagang berbeda yaitu 3 isolat berasal dari kios A, 3 isolat berasal dari kios B, dan 1 isolat berasal dari kios C. konstruksi dendogram menunjukan 9 klaster bakteri. Terdapat 2 isolat bakteri yang memiliki indeks similaritas ≥ 83% terhadap acuan Staphylococcus sp. yaitu isolat A5 dan C6. Sebanyak 4 isolat bakteri yang memiliki indeks similaritas ≥ 67% terhadap Salinococcus sp. yaitu A6, A8, B5, dan B6. Serta 1 isolat bakteri yang memiliki indeks similaritas 83% terhadap strain acuan Halomonas sp. yaitu isolat B6.Kata kunci : Isolasi;Bakteri Halofilik;Proteolitik;Karakter FenetikIsolasi, Bakteri Halofilik, Proteolitik, Karakter Fenetik.