bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Les apports de la psychomotricité à la psychosomatique
Authors: Rodriguez Marc
Published: April 2016

En France les rapports entre la psychosomatique et la psychomotricité ont toujours été très étroits marqués par un même intérêt pour la problématique des relations entre le corps et le fonctionnement psychique. Les psychomotriciens sensibles à la perspective psychosomatique ont largement emprunté dans le corpus théorique de la psychosomatique enrichissant leur compréhension des troubles psychomoteurs. Après avoir souligné les rapports théoriques étroits qui unissent le champ de la psychomotricité à celui de la psychosomatique nous proposons dans cet article de questionner au regard de la clinique psychomotrice les notions de troubles instrumentaux chez Sami-Ali et de sensori-motricité chez P. Marty.
Relaxation et impasse
Authors: Cajal Manuel
Published: April 2016

Louise est une femme sourde oralisante qui meconsulte pour des problèmes de relaxation. Je lui propose la relaxation psychosomatique. Elle va, à partir d’exercices qu’elle propose, parler de son isolement dans sa famille, de l’affect non partagé. Elle investira ensuite la langue des signes, fera de la danse et deviendra professeur.
Individu, création et histoire
Authors: Enriquez Eugène
Published: April 2016

L’auteur se propose d’examiner, d’une part, l’influence dans la vie sociale des conduites individuelles, d’autre part, de caractériser ceux qu’il nomme les créateurs d’histoire . Il montre que tous les êtres humains sont capables de transformer la société et ceci d’autant plus qu’ils se sentent moins insérés dans les structures. Il décrit les créateurs d’histoire comme des êtres « exotiques », pris dans la question des origines et de la paternité, se livrant à un travail de sublimation de leurs pulsions et essayant, en partie seuls en partie avec un groupe dont ils ont contribué à la formation, de construire une œuvre de culture qui s’énonce comme une interrogation violente du social.
Les auteurs de l’autobiographie
Authors: Eiguer Alberto
Published: April 2016

Dans cet article, on fait l’hypothèse que l’auteur de l’autobiographie est un groupe, voire plusieurs : le groupe intérieur de l’auteur, celui qu’il forme avec ses lecteurs potentiels et entre lui-même et la partie de lui qui se regarde. Le texte discute des limites de l’autobiographie, ses déformations par rapport au passé vécu, l’influence de la subjectivité de l’autobiographique, les objections et les mandats de la famille. Il est intéressant de comparer le récit autobiographe avec le dialogue analytique. Ces idées sont illustrées par un extrait du livre de l’auteur de l’article sur sa maison natale. Si la vie ne paraît être l’objet d’une transcription littéraire ni littérale, l’autobiographie peut saisir son sens ainsi que les raisons profondes que les personnages de l’autobiographe (ces mêmes êtres dont les représentations inconscientes configurent son groupe interne) ont eu pour agir, penser et éprouver comme ils l’ont fait.
Une analyse du processus créateur chez Jean Renoir... : la quête de l’unité par le réel et le groupe
Authors: Rabeyron Thomas
Published: April 2016

Nous proposons dans ce travail une étude des liens entre groupe et créativité à partir de l’œuvre du cinéaste français Jean Renoir. Nous nous sommes appuyé en particulier sur sa filmographie et plusieurs de ses écrits, dont son autobiographie, pour orienter nos réflexions. Celles-ci abordent en premier lieu le rôle de la transmission inter- et transgénérationnelle du père au fils – son père étant le célèbre peintre Auguste Renoir – d’un processus créateur qui s’étend sur deux générations. Le groupe apparaît alors aussi bien comme la source du processus créateur du cinéaste que comme son objet d’étude, Renoir faisant un usage particulier du groupe par le biais de sa « méthode ». Celle-ci vise à créer les conditions de possibilités d’un rapport authentique à l’autre que l’on retrouve dans les multiples rencontres ayant jalonné son existence et son parcours de création. Renoir tente ainsi d’utiliser le groupe pour mieux saisir et mettre en évidence une forme de vérité du réel qui nécessite le passage par l’expérience sensible. Cela le conduira à explorer tout au long de son œuvre les différentes facettes de son « réalisme poétique », soulignant la profondeur et la complexité des liens qui unissent les êtres et pouvant les mener au sentiment d’unité.
Groupe, scène et création : Deux lectures d’une même pièce
Authors: Raufast Lionel , Vinot Frédéric , Vivès Jean-Michel
Published: April 2016

À partir d’une situation clinique de médiation thérapeutique par le théâtre auprès d’un groupe d’adolescents délinquants, les auteurs de cet article s’attachent à une double lecture du matériel recueilli. La première privilégie les dynamiques de la contenance et de la symbolisation rendues possibles par la scène. Il s’agit alors de constituer ou reconstituer des représentations d’enveloppes au plus près du corps sensoriel permettant d’accueillir les enjeux de symbolisation. La seconde lecture, s’appuyant sur la structure de la séquence clinique, pose l’hypothèse que tout acte d’improvisation théâtrale en groupe rejoue l’invention même du dispositif théâtral tragique. C’est alors la tension dialogique entre le protagoniste et le chœur, permettant la mise en place de l’illusion scénique et du jeu, qui anime le groupe qui devient alors troupe. Cette dynamique inconsciente permet l’apparition de ce que les auteurs proposent de nommer « médiation tragique ».
L’installation immersive et interactive..., de l’art contemporain en psychiatrie : paradigme d’une cocréation
Authors: Yalenios Makis
Published: April 2016

La configuration spatiale du visiteur dans et confondu avec le dispositif artistique de l’installation immersive et interactive interroge la question topique dedans-dehors. En étayage sur ce dispositif sensorimoteur, l’auteur présente un groupe destiné à la clinique des psychoses, utilisant l’espace de soin et ses objets comme médium malléable. L’auteur tend à mettre en lumière les intérêts cliniques des piliers de l’installation, à savoir la spatialisation, l’immersion polysensorielle dans l’espace et l’interactivité motrice avec l’espace. À partir de l’analyse du matériel clinique de ce groupe thérapeutique, l’installation s’avère paradigmatique de la mobilisation des jeux intersubjectifs, des processus de coconstructions créatives ainsi que des interactions dynamiques entre l’espace et le temps. Elle est envisagée ici en tant que plongée d’un corps dans un espace groupal fusionnel d’où le Je peut émerger.
Image/Découpage/Collage en groupe
Authors: Desclaux Annette
Published: April 2016

Le travail en groupe d’enfants à l’âge de latence avec le médiateur image/découpage/collage s’appuie sur une pratique artistique inaugurée par les cubistes et les surréalistes. Il permet de favoriser l’expression d’un processus primaire et la construction d’une image et d’une secondarisation par une mise en récit de cette image. C’est une invitation à éprouver, s’approprier, raconter, associer, questionner soi et le monde. Les processus en jeu sont une aide à symboliser individuellement dans un contexte groupal pour des enfants présentant des difficultés relationnelles et cognitives. Les cothérapeutes travaillent la contenance du groupe. Il s’agit de soutenir la projection, pour chaque enfant, de son monde intérieur en choisissant des images dans des revues, l’ensemble des photos étant un équivalant du monde extérieur, puis de valoriser l’échange verbal avec les autres. Il y est pensé le rôle de l’écoute et du regard.
Le cadre en configuration groupale..., un processus... en création ?
Authors: Duchet Clara , Kersalé Morgane , Abgrall Barbry Gaëlle
Published: April 2016

L’expérience clinique d’un groupe de parole destiné à des patients adultes hospitalisés en service de psychiatrie spécialisé dans les problématiques traumatiques, suicidaires et addictives illustre une réflexion menée sur le cadre comme processus en création. Les auteurs proposent d’envisager le cadre des dispositifs thérapeutiques de groupe comme processus et donc comme objet d’un travail de création, de pensée et de transformation chez l’analyste lui-même, au service d’un mouvement créateur pouvant advenir a posteriori chez les patients. Avant toute considération du cadre comme « non-processus », celui-ci est ainsi appréhendé comme indissociable d’une dimension créative préalable. Une attention particulière a été donnée aux modalités mises en place et au travail d’élaboration dont elles font l’objet de façon constante, contraignant l’analyste à faire preuve de remaniements sous-tendus par un processus qui, s’il n’est pas de création, est du moins en création.
À quel sein se vouer ? La forme et l’informe dans les groupes
Authors: Bittolo Christophe
Published: April 2016

Cet article se propose de préciser l’intérêt méthodologique à définir ce que peuvent être une « forme groupale » et l’expérience de l’informe dans les pratiques analytiques de groupe. Après avoir souligné le contexte personnel, institutionnel et social qui conduit l’auteur vers cette exploration, la forme est définie comme une production psychique groupale dont la traduction sensible se manifeste dans l’expérience du clinicien. Ces formes apparaissent sur un plan phénoménologique, sensoriel et esthétique et témoignent des fonctions psychiques qu’elles occupent dans la dynamique groupale. C’est la problématique de l’évolution de ces formes et de leur observation qui nous conduit à préciser l’expérience que tout clinicien peut faire de l’informe dans les groupes, ainsi que son intérêt et sa fécondité dans ses aspects normaux. Une illustration clinique permet de montrer différentes formes à l’œuvre et interroge les changements dont elles rendent compte.
Faecalibacterium prausnitzii phylotypes in type two diabetic, obese, and lean control subjects
Authors: Hippe B. , Remely M. , Aumueller E. , Pointner A. , Magnet U. , Haslberger A.G.
Published: April 2016

Faecalibacterium prausnitzii is one of the main butyrate producers in the healthy human gut. Information on its genetic diversity is lacking, although two genetic phylotypes have been differentiated. In the present study, F. prausnitzii phylotypes were examined in faeces of obese and type two diabetes with similar eating behaviour compared to a lean control group. The purpose of the study was to analyse if an excessive butyrate production induced by different F. prausnitzii phylotypes discriminates between obese developing type two diabetes or not. The faecal samples were analysed for the total abundance of F. prausnitzii 16S rRNA copies, fragment lengths polymorphism, high resolution melt curve analysis (HRM) and the butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase gene copies and melt curve variances. The diabetic group was found to differ significantly from the lean control group in the results of qPCR, butyryl-CoA:acetyate CoA-transferase gene melt curve, and HRM. F. prausnitzii phylotypes differed in obese with and without developed diabetes type two. Different phylotypes of F. prausnitzii may lead to differences in the inflammatory genesis in the host. F. prausnitzii phylotypes may have an influence on developing type two diabetes and might also act as starting points for prevention and therapy of obesity associated disease.
Impact of oral consumption of heat-treated Bacteroides xylanisolvens DSM 23964 on the level of natural TFα-specific antibodies in human adults
Authors: Ulsemer P. , Toutounian K. , Kressel G. , Goletz C. , Schmidt J. , Karsten U. , Hahn A. , Goletz S.
Published: April 2016

It is now generally accepted that the human body exists in close synergy with the gut microbiome and that this cross-talk plays an essential role in human health and disease. One facet from the many interactions between the microbiome and the immune system is the induction of natural antibodies to commensal bacterial glycans, such as blood group antigens, the alpha-Gal epitope or the Thomsen-Friedenreich (TFα) antigen. Since we have observed that certain species of the commensal genus Bacteroides express the TFα antigen, we examined whether the oral dietary supplementation of a pasteurised Bacteroides xylanisolvens strain might be able to enhance the level of natural anti-TFα antibodies in healthy adults. The data obtained from a double-blind, placebo-controlled study involving 140 healthy volunteers and lasting 8 weeks revealed that the oral uptake of this strain was indeed able to increase the level of TFα-specific immunoglobulin M serum antibodies. The effect was dose-dependent but remained – at any doses – within the physiological range determined before intervention. Furthermore, the effect reverted after stopping the intake. The results support the idea of the microbiome inducing the generation of systemic antigen-specific antibodies against sugar epitopes. They also demonstrate the possibility to modulate essential regulatory or defence processes through dietary supplementation of selected commensal bacteria with the aim to assist human health.
Lactobacillus rhamnosus RC007 intended for feed additive: immune-stimulatory properties and ameliorating effects on TNBS-induced colitis
Authors: Dogi C. , García G. , De Moreno de LeBlanc A. , Greco C. , Cavaglieri L.
Published: April 2016

Lactobacillus rhamnosus RC007 is a potential probiotic bacterium that can exert beneficial effects as supplement for animal feed, by improving the immune status in healthy host, and by providing therapeutic benefits to infected/inflamed animals. The aim of the present work was to evaluate in vivo the beneficial properties of L. rhamnosus RC007, intended for animal feed, when administered to healthy and trinitro-benzene-sulfonic-acid (TNBS) colitis induced BALB/c mice. The administration of L. rhamnosus RC007 to healthy mice during 10 days increased the phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages and the number of immunoglobulin A+ cells in the lamina proper of the small intestine. Significant increases of monocyte chemotactic protein 1, interleukin (IL)-10 and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) concentrations, and in the ratio between anti- and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10/TNF-α) were observed in intestinal fluids after administration of bacteria. In the inflammation model, less body weight loss, macroscopic and histological damages in the large intestine were accompanied by increased IL-10/TNF-α ratio in the intestinal fluids of mice from the L. rhamnosus-TNBS group when compared to the TNBS group. In a healthy host, the oral administration of L. rhamnosus RC007 kept the gut immune system stimulated allowing a faster response to noxious stimulus. Mice that received L. rhamnosus RC007 also decreased the severity of the intestinal inflammation.
‘Political sensitivity’. Subjective feedback on the unexpected effects of an urban planning study
Authors: Matthey Laurent
Published: April 2016

This essay focuses on public authorities utilising the notion of ‘neighbourhood identity’ for guidance in city making. It was born of a twofold fascination: in both Switzerland and France, the concept of ‘neighbourhood’ is omnipresent in urban policymaking and town planning projects, albeit with constantly shifting meanings, such that the extent of its influence might be surprising. In both Switzerland and France, the neighbourhood seems to be the scale by which a specific type of anchoring is understood, which deserves special treatment in terms of identity. I am interested in the tactical use of such categories (to the extent that they may be a means to an end) within the framework of a strategic moment of city making: the urban project.
Satisfaction with Dental Appearance and Attitude toward improving Dental Esthetics among Patients attending a Dental Teaching Center
Authors: Maghaireh Ghada A , AIzraikat Hanan , Taha Nessrin A
Published: April 2016

Aim

The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors influencing the satisfaction of dental appearance and attitude toward treatments to improve dental esthetics among patients attending a dental teaching center.

Methods

A questionnaire was used to collect data of four background variables among 450 patients attended a dental teaching center in the city of Irbid in Jordan. The questionnaire enclosed self-reported questions about the appearance of anterior teeth, received esthetic treatment and desired treatment for improving esthetics. Descriptive, multiple logistic regression and Chi-square tests were used for data analysis (p ≤0.05).

Results

The 450 participants consisted of (66.2%) male and (33.8%) female. Of these, 69.3% were satisfied with their dental appearance and 58.0% with the color of their teeth. Esthetic restorations were the most received treatment (39.8%) and whitening of teeth was the most desired treatment (55.3%). The patients’ satisfaction with dental appearance was influenced by teeth color, crowding and receiving whitening (p < 0.05. r = 0.561, r2 = 0.315). The most desired esthetic treatments influenced by the satisfaction with dental appearance were esthetic restorations and orthodontics (p < 0.05. r = 0.223, r2 = 0.05). Significantly more female reported having esthetic restorations and orthodontics (p = 0.008, 0.000) and desired to have orthodontic, crowns or veneers and esthetic restorations (p = 0.000, 0.015, 0.028).

Conclusion

Satisfaction with dental appearance was affected by teeth color, feeling teeth are crowded, desire for esthetic restorations and orthodontic treatment. A high percentage of patients were not satisfied with the color of their teeth.

Clinical Significance

Recognizing the factors that affect patients’ satisfaction with their present dental appearance and attitude toward treatments to improve dental esthetic can guide clinicians to strategies to improve esthetics.

How to cite this article

Maghaireh GA, AIzraikat H, Taha NA. Satisfaction with Dental Appearance and Attitude toward improving Dental Esthetics among Patients attending a Dental Teaching Center. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(1):16-21.
The Effect of Coconut Oil pulling on Streptococcus mutans Count in Saliva in Comparison with Chlorhexidine Mouthwash
Authors: LNU Roshni , Kaushik Mamta , Reddy Pallavi , Udameshi Pooja , Mehra Neha , Marwaha Aditya
Published: April 2016

Objectives

Oil pulling is an age-old practice that has gained modern popularity in promoting oral and systemic health. The scientific verification for this practice is insufficient. Thus, this study evaluated the effect of coconut oil pulling on the count ofStreptococcus mutansin saliva and to compare its efficacy with that of Chlorhexidine mouthwash:in vivo. The null hypothesis was that coconut oil pulling has no effect on the bacterial count in saliva.

Materials and methods

A randomized controlled study was planned and 60 subjects were selected. The subjects were divided into three groups, Group A: Study Group: Oil pulling, Group B: Study Group: Chlorhexidine, and Group C: Control Group: Distilled water. Group A subjects rinsed mouth with 10 ml of coconut oil for 10 minutes. Group B subjects rinsed mouth with 5 ml Chlorhexidine mouthwash for 1 minute and Group C with 5 ml distilled water for 1 minute in the morning before brushing. Saliva samples were collected and cultured on 1st day and after 2 weeks from all subjects. Colonies were counted to compare the efficacy of coconut oil and Chlorhexidine with distilled water.

Results

Statistically significant reduction inS. mutanscount was seen in both the coconut oil pulling and Chlorhexidine group.

Conclusion

Oil pulling can be explored as a safe and effective alternative to Chlorhexidine.

Clinical significance

Edible oil-pulling therapy is natural, safe and has no side effects. Hence, it can be considered as a preventive therapy at home to maintain oral hygiene.

How to cite this article

Kaushik M, Reddy P, Roshni, Udameshi P, Mehra N, Marwaha A. The Effect of Coconut Oil pulling onStreptococcus mutansCount in Saliva in Comparison with Chlorhexidine Mouthwash. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(1):38-41.
Morphological Analysis of Dentin Surface after Conditioning with Two Different methods: Chemical and Mechanical
Authors: Rafael Caroline Freitas , Quinelato Valquíria , Morsch Carolina Schaffer , DeDeus Gustavo , Reis Claudia Mendonca
Published: April 2016

Background

Alternative pretreatment strategies of dentin and adhesionare constantly being developed and studied with the goal of improving the adhesion of resin restorative materials with this tissue. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the ability of airborne-particle abrasion (APA) with aluminum oxide on dentin to remove the smear layer and the effects produced on the dentin microstructure.

Materials and methods

The phosphoric acid (PA) was used for a comparison. For that, 20 human third molars were randomly allocated into two experimental groups, according to the dentin pretreatment method used: G1 (N = 10) – PA, G2 (N = 10) – APA. For dentin surface analyses, an environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) was employed to observe dentin surfaces before and after the procedures. Before pretreatment, the specimens of both groups were smear covered.

Results

After pretreatment, the G1 images revealed dentin tubule orifices opened, enlarged and some erosive effects. (G2) exposed tubule orifices without enlargement, but crack-like alterations were observed on the surfaces. In this way, APA with aluminum oxide was able to remove the smear layer.

Conclusion

The influences of the dentin roughness on adhesion and the consequences on dentin integrity and hardness need further investigations.

Clinical significance

A good conditioning of the dentin before cementation is necessary in order to obtain a satisfactory rehabilitation in adhesive dentistry. So, it is necessary to know all methods to do it.

How to cite this article

Rafael CF, Quinelato V, Morsch CS, DeDeus G, Reis CM. Morphological Analysis of Dentin Surface after Conditioning with Two Different methods: Chemical and Mechanical. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(1):58-62.
Mandibular Arteriovenous Malformation in an 8-year-old Child: A Case Report
Authors: Rudagi BM , Patil Sudha , Hammannavar Reshma , Jaiswal Tejus
Published: April 2016

Arteriovenous (AV) malformation is a congenital vascular anomaly in which there is an abnormal connection between the arterial and venous system resulting from developmental arrest during embryogenesis. In children, they are rare and potentially life-threatening. In the present case, an 8-year-old male patient presented with a simple gingival swelling associated with mobility of the corresponding teeth, which appeared relatively simple to excise but had an AV malformation associated with it. Timely diagnosis and investigations revealed its presence and hence prevented a catastrophy from occurring. Conventional method of surgical ligation of the external carotid artery was done as an emergency procedure and surgical resection was done without compromising the associated anatomic structures. This procedure helped control the bleeding as well as achieved an uneventful healing. This case report intends to create an awareness among Pediatric Dentists regarding the condition and thereby preventing an uncontrolled and unmanageable hemorrhage occurring in the Dental Office.

How to cite this article

Rudagi BM, Patil S, Hammannavar R, Jaiswal T. Mandibular Arteriovenous Malformation in an 8-year-old Child: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(1):85-89.
Oral Microbial Shift: Factors affecting the Microbiome and Prevention of Oral Disease
Authors: Baroudi Kusai , Dagli Rushabh , Dagli Namrata , Darwish Shrouq
Published: April 2016

Background

Recently, oral microbiome has gained popularity among scientists. Microorganisms are no longer considered as disease-producing pathogens, rather they are now considered as partners of human in maintaining health. Since ancient times, changes in our lifestyle have affected our microbiome and the balance with their human host has been perturbed. The present review includes the description about factors affecting oral microbiome and establishing symbiosis with the human host so that they contribute in maintaining health rather than eliciting diseases.

Materials and methods

A comprehensive literature search was performed on databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed and Medline until April 2015. First, articles were selected on the basis of their titles and then abstracts were screened and unwanted articles were excluded. Articles obtained from all the databases were checked and duplicate articles were removed. Articles obtained from various databases: PubMed = 35, Google Scholar = 8. Out of these 43 articles, total 29 articles were finally selected for this review.

Results

The published literature suggests that the modern oral microbiome is less biodiverse, and possess more pathogenic bacterial species and lesser beneficial bacteria. The possible factors mainly responsible for this shift in microbiome were found to be change in diet, industrial revolution and indiscriminate use of antibiotics.

Conclusion

Various changes in lifestyles have affected oral microbiome adversely and perturb the symbiosis between the microbiome and their hosts. The present oral microbiome is found to be less diverse and more pathogenic. The present review may be helpful in understanding the relationship between the microbiome and their human hosts so that microbiome contributes in maintaining healthy state of the body.

How to cite this article

Dagli N, Dagli R, Darwish S, Baroudi K. Oral Microbial Shift: Factors affecting the Microbiome and Prevention of Oral Disease. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(1):90-96.
Planetary boundary layer height from CALIOP compared to radiosonde over China
Authors: Zhang Wanchun , Guo Jianping , Miao Yucong , Liu Huan , Li Zhengqiang , Zhai Panmao
Published: April 2016

Abstract. The accurate estimation of boundary layer height is key to air quality prediction, weather forecast and so on. The planetary boundary layer height (PBLH) retrieval from CALIOP is expected to complement the ground-based site measurement due to its large spatial coverage. To such end, we estimated PBLHs from CALIOP, using the combination of Haar wavelet and maximum variance techniques, which was validated against PBLHs from ground-based lidar at Beijing and Jinhua. Comparison between ground-based and satellite lidar shows good agreement with a correlation coefficient of 0.59 in Beijing and 0.65 in Jinhua. The PBLH climatology from CALIOP was compiled over China during 2011 to 2014. Maximum PBLH was seen in summer as compared to lower value in other seasons. Prior to intercomparisons between CALIOP- and radiosonde-derived PBLHs, three matchup scenarios were proposed according to the position of each radiosonde site relative to its closest CALIPSO ground tracks. The CALIOP observations belonging to Scenario 2 were found to be better for comparison with radiosonde-derived PBLH, owing to smaller difference between them. The PBLHs at early summer afternoon range from 1.6 km to 2.0 km, accounting for over 70 % of the total radiosonde sites. Overall, CALIOP-derived PBLHs seem to be well consistent with radiosonde-derived PBLHs. To our knowledge, this study is the first intercomparison study of PBLH over large scale using the radiosonde network of China, shedding important light on the data quality of initial CALIOP-derived PBLH results.
Effects of aerosol-radiation interaction on precipitation during biomass-burning season in East China
Authors: Huang Xin , Ding Aijun , Liu Lixia , Liu Qiang , Ding Ke , Nie Wei , Xu Zheng , Chi Xuguang , Wang Minghuai , Sun Jianning , Guo Weidong , Fu Congbin
Published: April 2016

Abstract. Biomass burning is a main source for primary carbonaceous particles in the atmosphere and acts as a crucial factor that alters Earth's energy budget and balance. It is also an important factor influencing air quality, regional climate and sustainability in the domain of Pan-Eurasian Experiment (PEEX). During the exceptionally intense agricultural ﬁre season in mid-June 2012, accompanied with rapidly deteriorating air quality, a series of meteorological anomalies was observed, including a large decline in near-surface air temperature, spatial shifts and changes in precipitation in Jiangsu Province of East China. To explore the underlying processes that link air pollution to weather modification, we conducted a numerical study with parallel simulations using the fully coupled meteorology-chemistry model WRF-Chem with a high-resolution emission inventory for agricultural ﬁres. Evaluation of the modelling results with available ground-based measurements and satellite retrievals showed that this model was able to reproduce the magnitude and spatial variations of fire-induced air pollution. During the biomass-burning event in mid-June 2012, intensive emission of absorbing aerosols trapped a considerable part of solar radiation in the atmosphere and reduced incident radiation reaching the surface on a regional scale, followed by lowered surface sensible and latent heat fluxes. The perturbed energy balance and re-allocation gave rise to substantial adjustments in vertical temperature stratification, namely surface cooling and upper-air heating. Furthermore, intimate link between temperature profile and small-scale processes like turbulent mixing and entrainment led to distinct changes in precipitation. On one hand, by stabilizing the atmosphere below and reducing the surface flux, black carbon-laden plumes tended to dissipate daytime cloud and suppress the convective precipitation over Nanjing. On the other hand, heating aloft increased upper-level convective activity and then favored convergence carrying in moist air, thereby enhancing the nocturnal precipitation in the downwind areas of the biomass burning plumes.
Improvements of the OMI O2-O2 Operational Cloud Algorithm and Comparisons with Ground-Based Radar-Lidar Observations
Authors: Veefkind J. Pepijn , de Haan Johan F. , Sneep Maarten , Levelt Pieternel F.
Published: April 2016

Abstract. The OMI (Ozone Monitoring Instrument) OMCLDO2 cloud product supports trace gas retrievals of for example ozone and nitrogen dioxide. The OMCLDO2 algorithm derives the effective cloud fraction and effective cloud pressure using a DOAS fit of the O2-O2 absorption feature around 477 nm. A new version of the OMI OMCLDO2 cloud product is presented that contains several improvements, of which the introduction of a temperature correction on the O2-O2 slant columns and the updated look-up-tables have the largest impact. Whereas the differences in the cloud fraction are limited to approximately 0.1, the differences of the cloud pressure can be up to 200 hPa, especially at cloud fractions below 0.3. As expected, the temperature correction depends on latitude and season. The updated look-up tables have a systematic effect on the cloud pressure at low cloud fractions. The improvements at low cloud fractions are very important for the retrieval of trace gases in the lower troposphere, for example for nitrogen dioxide and formaldehyde. The cloud pressure retrievals of the improved algorithm are compared with ground-based radar-lidar observations for three sites in the mid-latitudes. For low clouds that have a limited vertical extent the comparison is favorable. For higher clouds, which are vertically extensive and often contain several layers, the satellite retrievals give a lower cloud-height. For high clouds mixed results are obtained.
Chemical composition of soluble and insoluble particles around the last termination preserved in the Dome C ice core, inland Antarctica
Authors: Oyabu Ikumi , Iizuka Yoshinori , Wolff Eric , Hansson Margareta
Published: April 2016

Abstract. Knowing the chemical composition of particles preserved in polar ice sheets is useful for understanding past atmospheric chemistry. Recently, several studies have examined the chemical compositions of soluble salt particles preserved in ice cores from inland and peripheral regions in both Antarctica (Dome Fuji and Talos Dome) and Greenland (NEEM). On the other hand, there is no study that compares salt compositions between different sites in inland Antarctica. This study examines the chemical compositions of soluble salt particles around the last termination in the Dome C ice core, and compares them to those from Dome Fuji. Particles larger than 0.45 μm are obtained from the ice core by an ice sublimation method, and their chemical compositions are analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The major soluble salt particles are CaSO4, Na2SO4, and NaCl, which is the same as that from the Dome Fuji ice core. Time-series changes in the composition of these salts are similar to those for the Dome Fuji ice core. Specifically, from 25 to 18 ka, the ratio of NaCl to Na2SO4 is variable, but generally the CaSO4 and NaCl fractions are high and the Na2SO4 fraction is low. Between 18 and 17 ka, the CaSO4 and NaCl fractions decrease and the Na2SO4 fraction increases. Between 16 and 6.8 ka, the CaSO4 and NaCl fractions are low and Na2SO4 fraction is high. However, the sulfatization rate of NaCl at Dome C is higher than that at Dome Fuji. We argue that this higher rate arises because at Dome C more SO42− is available for NaCl to form Na2SO4 due to a lower concentration of Ca2+.
Recent changes in climate, hydrology and sediment load in the Wadi Abd, Algeria (1970–2010)
Authors: Achite Mohammed , Ouillon Sylvain
Published: April 2016

Abstract. Here we investigate the changes of temperature, precipitation, river runoff and sediment transport in the Wadi Abd in northwest Algeria over a time series of 40 hydrological years (1970–2010). Temperature increased and precipitation decreased with the reduction in rainfall being relatively higher during the rainy season. A shift towards an earlier onset of first rains during summer was also found with cascading effects on hydrology (hydrological regimes, vegetation, etc.) and thus on erosion and sediment yield. During the 1980s, the flow regime shifted from perennial to intermittent with an amplification of the variations of discharge and a modification of the sediment regime with higher and more irregular suspended particulate flux. Sediment flux was shown to almost double every decade from the 1970s to the 2000s. The sediment regime shifted from two equivalent seasons of sediment yield (spring and fall) to a single major season regime. In the 2000s, autumn produced over 4 times more sediment than spring. The enhanced scatter of the C–Q pairs denotes an increase of hysteresis phenomena in the Wadi Abd that is probably related to the change in the hydrologic regime. At the end of the period, due to irregularity of the discharge, the ability of a rating curve to derive suspended sediment concentration from river discharge was poor.
The observed clustering of damaging extratropical cyclones in Europe
Authors: Cusack Stephen
Published: April 2016

Abstract. The clustering of severe European windstorms on annual timescales has substantial impacts on the (re-)insurance industry. Our knowledge of the risk is limited by large uncertainties in estimates of clustering from typical historical storm data sets covering the past few decades. Eight storm data sets are gathered for analysis in this study in order to reduce these uncertainties. Six of the data sets contain more than 100 years of severe storm information to reduce sampling errors, and observational errors are reduced by the diversity of information sources and analysis methods between storm data sets. All storm severity measures used in this study reflect damage, to suit (re-)insurance applications. The shortest storm data set of 42 years provides indications of stronger clustering with severity, particularly for regions off the main storm track in central Europe and France. However, clustering estimates have very large sampling and observational errors, exemplified by large changes in estimates in central Europe upon removal of one stormy season, 1989/1990. The extended storm records place 1989/1990 into a much longer historical context to produce more robust estimates of clustering. All the extended storm data sets show increased clustering between more severe storms from return periods (RPs) of 0.5 years to the longest measured RPs of about 20 years. Further, they contain signs of stronger clustering off the main storm track, and weaker clustering for smaller-sized areas, though these signals are more uncertain as they are drawn from smaller data samples. These new ultra-long storm data sets provide new information on clustering to improve our management of this risk.
Post-glacial reactivation of the Bollnäs fault, central Sweden – a multidisciplinary geophysical investigation
Authors: Malehmir Alireza , Andersson Magnus , Mehta Suman , Brodic Bojan , Munier Raymond , Place Joachim , Maries Georgiana , Smith Colby , Kamm Jochen , Bastani Mehrdad , Mikko Henrik , Lund Björn
Published: April 2016

Abstract. Glacially induced intraplate faults are conspicuous in Fennoscandia where they reach trace lengths of up to 155 km with estimated magnitudes up to 8 for the associated earthquakes. While they are typically found in northern parts of Fennoscandia, there are a number of published accounts claiming their existence further south and even in northern central Europe. This study focuses on a prominent scarp discovered recently in lidar (light detection and ranging) imagery hypothesized to be from a post-glacial fault and located about 250 km north of Stockholm near the town of Bollnäs. The Bollnäs scarp strikes approximately north–south for about 12 km. The maximum vertical offset in the sediments across the scarp is 4–5 m with the western block being elevated relative to the eastern block. To investigate potential displacement in the bedrock and identify structures in it that are related to the scarp, we conducted a multidisciplinary geophysical investigation that included gravity and magnetic measurements, high-resolution seismics, radio-magnetotellurics (RMT), electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and ground-penetrating radar (GPR). Results of the investigations suggest a zone of low-velocity and high-conductivity in the bedrock associated with a magnetic lineament that is offset horizontally about 50 m to the west of the scarp. The top of the bedrock is found  ∼  10 m below the surface on the eastern side of the scarp and about  ∼  20 m below on its western side. This difference is due to the different thicknesses of the overlying sediments accounting for the surface topography, while the bedrock surface is likely to be more or less at the same topographic level on both sides of the scarp; else the difference is not resolvable by the methods used. To explain the difference in the sediment covers, we suggest that the Bollnäs scarp is associated with an earlier deformation zone, within a wide (> 150 m), highly fractured, water-bearing zone that became active as a reverse fault after the latest Weichselian deglaciation.
Correction of broadband snow albedo measurements affected by unknown slope and sensor tilts
Authors: Weiser Ursula , Olefs Marc , Schöner Wolfgang , Weyss Gernot , Hynek Bernhard
Published: April 2016

Abstract. Geometric effects induced by the underlying terrain slope or by tilt errors of the radiation sensors lead to an erroneous measurement of snow or ice albedo. Consequently, artificial diurnal albedo variations in the order of 1–20 % are observed. The present paper proposes a general method to correct tilt errors of albedo measurements in cases where tilts of both the sensors and the slopes are not accurately measured or known. We demonstrate that atmospheric parameters for this correction model can either be taken from a nearby well-maintained and horizontally levelled measurement of global radiation or alternatively from a solar radiation model. In a next step the model is fitted to the measured data to determine tilts and directions of sensors and the underlying terrain slope. This then allows us to correct the measured albedo, the radiative balance and the energy balance. Depending on the direction of the slope and the sensors a comparison between measured and corrected albedo values reveals obvious over- or underestimations of albedo. It is also demonstrated that differences between measured and corrected albedo are generally highest for large solar zenith angles.
Stable isotopic evidence for high microbial nitrate throughput in a High Arctic glacial catchment
Authors: Ansari A. H.
Published: April 2016

Abstract. During summer, streams in the Arctic redistribute and export the solute derived from snowpack (accumulated by atmospheric deposition) melting and sediment weathering in its flowpath. The redistribution of dissolved nitrogen undergoes biogeochemical processing (nitrate production and consumption in flowpath). To assess the quantitative impact of these processing, NO3−-N, NH4+-N, total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) and stable isotope composition of the snowpacks was compared with the subglacial and proglacial stream waters. Snowpack derived dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and NH4+-N provided the most probable substrate for additional NO3−-N produced by microbial nitrification. The flux of microbially produced and assimilated NO3−-N in the eastern and western proglacial streams were 1.64 ± 1.41 kg Day−1 and 1.41 ± 1.43 kg Day−1 and, 1.39 ± 1.41 kg Day−1 and 1.35 ± 1.43 kg Day−1 respectively. These overwhelming amounts of NO3−-N production and assimilation reveals a hitherto unknown level of microbial processing in the Arctic glacial ecosystem. The balance between the two microbial processes and consistently low dissolved inorganic nitrogen (NH4+-N + NO3−-N) in the proglacial streams indicate a fast in-stream recycling of assimilated NO3−-N however, the fate of such NO3−-N remains unresolved.
O USO DE ESTRATÉGIAS DE COMUNICAÇÃO EM CUIDADOS PALIATIVOS NO BRASIL: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Dos Santos Almeida Kelviani Ludmila , Garcia Dayse Maioli
Published: April 2016

RESUMO Os cuidados paliativos expressam um campo de cuidados integrais realizado por uma equipe multidisciplinar. A comunicação é uma ferramenta indispensável para essa abordagem. Por meio dela podemos ofertar um adequado controle de sintomas, cuidado individualizado e de qualidade para que conflitos e anseios possam ser resolvidos e a autonomia preservada. O objetivo proposto foi conhecer estratégias de comunicação utilizadas no Brasil para pacientes em cuidados paliativos. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, na qual foram levantados artigos em quatro bases de dados e um portal de teses no período de 2009 a 2014. Os artigos relevantes ao tema totalizaram dezenove, destes dezesseis foram utilizados. Os resultados apontaram que as estratégias mais frequentemente citadas foram escuta ativa, silêncio terapêutico, toque afetivo, o ouvir e a empatia, porém, mesmo sendo reconhecidas pela literatura, seu uso ainda é escasso e profissionais necessitam de capacitação emergente para a abordagem paliativa.
UNIDADE DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA NEONATAL: PERCEPÇÕES MATERNAS SOBRE SÍMBOLOS RELIGIOSOS
Authors: Soares Larissa Gramazio , Correa Darci Aparecida Martins , Soares Leticia Gramazio , Higarashi Ieda Harumi
Published: April 2016

Estudo de caráter descritivo, exploratório, de abordagem qualitativa, que pretendeu conhecer e compreender o significado que os símbolos religiosos têm para os pais de bebês internados na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal e como estes os ajudam durante o período de internação do filho. A pesquisa de campo foi realizada em um hospital do Centro-Oeste do Paraná, no período de agosto a outubro de 2013, por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas com dez mães. Os dados foram analisados utilizando a técnica de análise de conteúdo, conforme Bardin, originando duas categorias temáticas. Conclui-se que, entre os diversos aspectos que permeiam o cenário da atenção intensiva neonatal e merecem ser reconhecidos e considerados pela equipe multiprofissional, em especial pela enfermagem, está a religiosidade. Esta constitui uma necessidade da família para o enfrentamento do agravo de saúde, demandando a realização de um cuidado espiritual com vistas à assistência integral e qualificada.
PERCEPÇÃO DOS IDOSOS COM INDICATIVO DE DEPRESSÃO SOBRE O SIGNIFICADO DE VIVER
Authors: Soares Pollyana Pagliaro Borges , Gonçalves Jurema Ribeiro Luiz , Amaro Elisângela De Assis , Corrêa Carolina Camargos , Amaral Anquelins Patrícia do , Contim Divanice
Published: April 2016

O objetivo desse estudo foi descrever a percepção dos idosos com indicativo de depressão sobre o significado de viver. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, realizada com 17 idosos com indicativo de depressão cadastrados em uma Unidade de Atendimento ao Idoso de um município do interior de Minas Gerais. Os dados foram coletados por entrevista semi-estruturada, narrativa nos meses de abril e maio de 2013. As informações extraídas das entrevistas foram analisadas pelo método do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo fundamentado na Teoria das Representações Sociais. Foram evidenciados que o significado de viver está relacionado a cuidar da família, sentimento de cumprimento ou não de missão, propósito divino, preservação da amizade, valorização e satisfação da vida. Quando a vontade e o saber do idoso, construídos durante sua trajetória de vida, são considerados, entendidos e respeitados, favorece uma percepção positiva no significado de viver para o idoso.
USO DE CATETERES VESICAIS PARA CATETERISMO INTERMITENTE LIMPO: SATISFAÇÃO DA PESSOA COM LESÃO MEDULAR
Authors: Assis Gisela Maria , Negri Aline Fernanda , Veiga Tung Sabrina Alves , Galli Saccomani Camila Francine , Moser Auristela Duarte de Lima , Azevedo Gisele Regina de , Meira Gislaine De Melo
Published: April 2016

Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar a satisfação de pessoas com lesão medular com a utilização de cateter convencional, hidrofílico e pré-lubrificado com bolsa na realização de cateterismo intermitente limpo. Pesquisa exploratório-descritiva, de corte transversal com 59 pessoas que tiveram lesão medular, atendidas em centros de reabilitação de três estados brasileiros no período de janeiro a abril de 2012. Foi utilizado o questionário de avaliação de percepção de atributos do cateter e o questionário adaptado de satisfação em experiência de consumo. O cateter convencional não foi estatisticamente superior em nenhum aspecto avaliado. O cateter hidrofílico foi considerado superior ao convencional para abertura da embalagem e deslizamento na inserção. O cateter pré-lubrificado com bolsa foi superior ao convencional em abertura da embalagem, introdução, deslizamento e retirada. A indicação do cateter ideal depende da avaliação individualizada com lesão medular, suas dificuldades, potencialidades e preferências.
AUTOESTIMA DE IDOSOS COMUNITÁRIOS E FATORES ASSOCIADOS: ESTUDO DE BASE POPULACIONAL
Authors: Salerno Michelle Couto , Bolina Alisson Fernandes , Dias Flavia Aparecida , Martins Nayara Paula Fernandes , Tavares Darlene Mara dos Santos
Published: April 2016

Objetivou-se avaliar autoestima de idosos comunitários e verificar sua associação com variáveis sociodemográficas e de saúde. O inquérito epidemiológico ocorreu na zona urbana de Uberaba, estado de Minas Gerais, no qual participaram 980 idosos. Utilizaram-se Escalas de Autoestima de Rosenberg, Katz, Lawton e Depressão Geriátrica Abreviada e análise descritiva com testes de Mann Whitney, Kruskal Wallis, correlação de Spearman e regressão linear múltipla (p<0,05). A coleta de dados ocorreu entre agosto de 2012 e março de 2013. Predominou o sexo feminino, 70-80 anos, casados, renda de um salário mínimo, quatro a sete anos de estudo, que moravam com filhos. A mediana foi de cinco doenças. Os escores de autoestima apresentaram mediana de 10. Os preditores dos piores níveis de autoestima foram maior idade (p<0,01), menor escolaridade (p=0,021) e indicativo de depressão (p<0,001). Os idosos comunitários apresentaram elevada autoestima e o indicativo de depressão foi o preditor principal da baixa autoestima.