bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synergistic effect of oxytetracycline as a combination treatment with Carboplatin on MCF-7 breast cancer cell line
Authors: Jabber Eman Jawad , Alzayd Asawer Mhammed , Jawad Mohammed Jasim , Sulbi Ihsan Mohammed , Hassan Saif Mohammed , Jawad Mahmood Jasim , Jasim Adnan Mansour
Published: October 2022

In breast cancer treatment, chemotherapy resistance is a major problem where many receptive tumors rebound and develop resistance. When provided in combination, cancer drugs are most successful, thus reducing the risk of developing resistant cancer cells. However, the evaluation of combination therapies has increased rapidly in recent years. Consequently, by repurposing old treatments, the discovery of additional medicines that may interact synergistically with chemotherapy is considered a current medical aim through discovering a new cancer medication or therapeutic strategy. The purpose of this research is to increase the anti-cancer activity of carboplatin (CP) by increasing the apoptotic effect of breast cancer cells (MCF-7) during in vitro experiments in combination with oxytetracycline. Our results showed a high synergistic effect between oxytetracycline and carboplatin, MCF-7 representative cell treated with carboplatin with/without different concentrations of oxytetracycline (5% and 10% of IC50). Oxytetracycline, which potentiated the action of carboplatin and/or had notable activity was reported as a single agent. This research demonstrated the synergistic relationship between oxytetracycline and carboplatin in viability assays. Surprisingly, our findings suggest that inhibiting treatment strategies can extend carboplatin’s therapeutic window, potentially allowing for cancer therapy.
Effect of pharmacotherapy on fibromyalgia: an overview of systematic reviews
Authors: Costa Alana Teles , Figueiredo Renata Ferraz , Silva Rafaella de Oliveira Santos , Silva Tatiana Damasceno da , Alcantara Thaciana dos Santos , Serafini Mairim Russo , Lyra Júnior Divaldo Pereira de , Walker Cristiani Isabel Banderó
Published: October 2022

Fibromyalgia is a debilitating and chronic pain processing disorder, in which the proportion of patients who achieve good results with pharmacotherapy is small. However, choosing the best available evidence on pharmacotherapy can optimize patient clinical outcomes. Objective: This overview aimed to identify in systematic reviews the effects of pharmacotherapy on fibromyalgia, considering the quality of the reviews and the efficacy of the outcomes. Methods: This search was performed in seven databases: PubMed, Web of Science, COCHRANE, Lilacs, Embase, Scopus and IPA. The methodological quality was evaluated using A MeaSurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2. The protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42018095943). Results: A total of 63 systematic reviews were selected after reading full texts, but only 8 of them were of moderate to high quality and were included in this overview. All included reviews were published in English, between 2012 and 2018, performed meta-analysis, used the American College of Rheumatology (1990) diagnostic criteria for fibromyalgia, and jointly assessed pain improvement, adverse reactions, and withdrawal. Most reviews included only randomized controlled trials. Of the fourteen drugs addressed in systematic reviews evaluated, duloxetine, milnacipran, and pregabalin showed evidence of improvement in pain (Moderate:≤30%) and other fibromyalgia symptoms, as depression and fatigue. However, these medications presented significant withdrawals due to adverse reactions (mainly nausea, headache, dizziness and constipation). The rate of treatment withdrawal reached 36%. Conclusion: Few studies have high quality and sufficient evidence on the effect of medicines on fibromyalgia, resulting in a lack of support for prescribers to choose drugs that meet criteria for need, effectiveness, safety and compliance.
Handgrip strength, functional capacity and cognitive status of centenarians
Authors: Capanema Bruna da Silva Vieira , Franco Pedro Silvelo , Pereira Franciele da Silva , Fank Felipe , Mazo Giovana Zarpellon
Published: October 2022

Objective: To compare and correlate handgrip strength (HGS) with functional capacity and cognitive status in centenarians. Method: This is a cross-sectional study. The study population consisted of 127 centenarians, of which 78 met the inclusion criteria, with a mean age of 101.7 ± 2.52 years. Cognitive status was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and functional capacity using the Katz Scale. To investigate HGS, we used a manual dynamometer. The level of significance was 5%. Results: Centenarian men have higher right (p= 0.005) and left (p<0.001) HGS compared to women. About functional capacity, centenarians more functional present higher right and left HGS (p<0.001) when compared to intermediate and less functional. Furthermore, when analyzing cognition, centenarians with preserved cognitive status have higher right and left HGS (p<0.001) than cognitively impaired elderly. In the relationship analysis, it was possible to verify that the lower the MMSE score, the higher the right (rho= 0.59; p<0.001) and left (rho= 0.57; p<0.001) HGS. Furthermore, the lower the Katz Scale score, the higher the right (rho= -0.53; p<0.001) and left (rho= -0.57; p<0.001) HGS. Conclusion: Our results show that male centenarians, more functional and with preserved cognitive status have higher HGS in both hands. Moreover, we found a moderate negative relationship between HGS and functional capacity and a moderate positive relationship between HGS and cognitive status of centenarians.
Associação entre o total de quedas relatadas e o número de barreiras ergonômicas domiciliares
Authors: Ferreira Miguel Jânio Costa , Dibai Daniela Bassi , Santos Alisson Sousa , Carneiro Andréa Santana , Soares Karla Virginia Bezerra de Castro , Rêgo Adriana Sousa , Monteiro Silvio Gomes , Gonçalves Maria Claudia
Published: October 2022

Objetivo: Investigar a associação entre o número total de quedas no último ano e o número de barreiras ergonômicas domiciliares (BED). Método: Estudo transversal, voluntários com idade ≥60 anos foram incluídos no estudo. A história de quedas e o número de BED foram avaliados por meio de um questionário, a vulnerabilidade através do Vulnerable Elders Survey 13 (VES-13) e o medo de cair observado pela Falls Efficacy Scale - International- Brazilian (FES-I- BR). A normalidade dos dados foi verificada com o teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov, a correlação entre total de quedas e a quantidade de barreiras ergonômicas foi verificada com teste de Spearman e associação entre as barreiras ergonômicas e os grupos com e sem histórico de quedas no último ano, através da regressão logística bivariada e pelo teste de Qui-quadrado, o nível de significância de p≤ 0,05 foi adotado. Resultados: Dos 123 indivíduos avaliados, 48% tinham histórico de quedas, com média de 3,83±1,96. A falta de barras de apoio foi considerada protetora [OR= 0,30; p= 0,042] e a ausência de pisos uniformes e tapetes bem fixados foram considerados fatores de risco para quedas [OR= 3,71; p= 0,004]. Idosos com histórico de quedas com ≥ 04 BED, apresentaram maior risco de quedas [OR= 5,98 p<0,0001]. Conclusão: A quantidade ≥ 04 BED está associada a histórico de quedas, a ausência de corrimão é fator de proteção e pisos irregulares ou escorregadios são fatores de risco para quedas.
Fratura por fragilidade: fatores de risco em uma coorte retrospectiva
Authors: Ribeiro Rayane Fonseca , Veloso Cleber Henrique , Batista Renata Anastácia de Oliveira , Oliveira Tatiara de , Santos Sérgio Antunes , Bastone Alessandra de Carvalho
Published: October 2022

Objetivo: Avaliar os fatores de risco para fratura por fragilidade (FF) em pacientes internados em um hospital terciário de ensino, no município de Diamantina, Minas Gerais. Método: Dados sociodemográficos, de saúde, estilo de vida (tabagismo, consumo de álcool, exposição ao sol, nível de atividade física, hábitos alimentares), mobilidade e nível de dependência foram coletados dos prontuários de pacientes com 50 anos ou mais, internados com FF, no período de abril a setembro de 2020. Resultados: Um total de 52 pacientes foram internados com diagnóstico de FF, sendo 60% com diagnóstico de fratura proximal de fêmur. Somente 17,3% dos pacientes possuíam diagnóstico prévio de osteoporose. Os fatores de risco mais frequentes para FF foram sexo feminino, déficit cognitivo, sarcopenia, dinapenia, histórico familiar de osteoporose ou fratura por queda, baixa exposição ao sol, consumo insuficiente de leite e derivados, inatividade física e dependência nas atividades básicas e instrumentais de vida diária. Quando comparados os grupos com fratura proximal de fêmur e outras fraturas, o grupo com fratura proximal de fêmur apresentou maior frequência de indivíduos com idade avançada (≥ 80 anos), déficit cognitivo, baixo peso, sarcopenia, tabagismo, inatividade física e limitação na mobilidade, ao passo que o grupo com outras fraturas apresentou maior frequência de histórico familiar de osteoporose ou fratura por queda. Conclusão: Os resultados demonstraram um subdiagnóstico da osteoporose na população estudada. Muitos fatores de risco modificáveis para osteoporose e quedas foram identificados. Intervenções direcionadas para estes fatores de risco devem ser consideradas de forma a prevenir as FF.
Utilização clínica de testes e escalas funcionais: uma entrevista com Fisioterapeutas
Authors: Machado Marina Leandro , Sanada Luciana Sayuri , Mesquita Raphael Schmidt de , Okubo Rodrigo
Published: October 2022

Objetivo: Investigar a utilização das escalas e testes funcionais por fisioterapeutas brasileiros que atuam clinicamente na área ortopédica, traumatológica e/ou esportiva. Métodos: Para coleta de dados foi utilizado um questionário eletrônico, autoaplicável, elaborado pelos autores, divulgado por meio de redes sociais. Os participantes foram divididos em quatro grupos conforme suas respostas: grupo que utiliza testes e escalas funcionais (GTE); grupo que utiliza somente testes funcionais (GST); grupo que utiliza somente escalas funcionais (GSE); grupo que não utiliza nenhum (GN). Para análise de dados, foi realizada uma análise descritiva dos dados sociodemográficos e profissionais dos participantes. A associação entre variáveis qualitativas nominais foi avaliada por meio do teste Qui quadrado. Resultados: Do total de 100 voluntários participantes da pesquisa, 75 compuseram o GTE, 19 o GST, 1 o GSE e 5 o GN, demonstrando alto índice de utilização tanto de escalas quanto de testes funcionais na prática clínica. Não foram encontradas associações (p>0,05) entre o uso das ferramentas com características do profissional. As principais barreiras encontradas para não utilização das ferramentas foram a falta de tempo na sessão e o pouco conhecimento sobre os instrumentos. A maior parte dos participantes julga muito relevante o uso de avaliações funcionais na prática clínica. Conclusão: Os fisioterapeutas da amostra, em sua maioria, utilizam os testes e escalas funcionais na prática clínica. O principal uso dessas ferramentas é identificar as disfunções presentes nos pacientes durante as avaliações e as barreiras encontradas para não utilização são a falta de tempo e pouco conhecimento dos instrumentos.
GATA4 Regulates Developing Endocardium Through Interaction With ETS1
Authors: Zhou Pingzhu , Zhang Yan , Sethi Isha , Ye Lincai , Trembley Michael A. , Cao Yangpo , Akerberg Brynn N. , Xiao Feng , Zhang Xiaoran , Li Kai , Jardin Blake D. , Mazumdar Neil , Ma Qing , He Aibin , Zhou Bin , Pu William T.
Published: October 2022

Background:

The pioneer transcription factor (TF) GATA4 (GATA Binding Protein 4) is expressed in multiple cardiovascular lineages and is essential for heart development. GATA4 lineage-specific occupancy in the developing heart underlies its lineage specific activities. Here, we characterized GATA4 chromatin occupancy in cardiomyocyte and endocardial lineages, dissected mechanisms that control lineage specific occupancy, and analyzed GATA4 regulation of endocardial gene expression.

Methods:

We mapped GATA4 chromatin occupancy in cardiomyocyte and endocardial cells of embryonic day 12.5 (E12.5) mouse heart using lineage specific, Cre-activated biotinylation of GATA4. Regulation of GATA4 pioneering activity was studied in cell lines stably overexpressing GATA4. GATA4 regulation of endocardial gene expression was analyzed using single cell RNA sequencing and luciferase reporter assays.

Results:

Cardiomyocyte-selective and endothelial-selective GATA4 occupied genomic regions had features of lineage specific enhancers. Footprints within cardiomyocyte- and endothelial-selective GATA4 regions were enriched for NKX2-5 (NK2 homeobox 5) and ETS1 (ETS Proto-Oncogene 1) motifs, respectively, and both of these TFs interacted with GATA4 in co-immunoprecipitation assays. In stable NIH3T3 cell lines expressing GATA4 with or without NKX2-5 or ETS1, the partner TFs re-directed GATA4 pioneer binding and augmented its ability to open previously inaccessible regions, with ETS1 displaying greater potency as a pioneer partner than NKX2-5. Single-cell RNA sequencing of embryonic hearts with endothelial cell–specific
Gata4
inactivation identified
Gata4
-regulated endocardial genes, which were adjacent to GATA4-bound, endothelial regions enriched for both GATA4 and ETS1 motifs. In reporter assays, GATA4 and ETS1 cooperatively stimulated endothelial cell enhancer activity.

Conclusions:

Lineage selective non-pioneer TFs NKX2-5 and ETS1 guide the activity of pioneer TF GATA4 to bind and open chromatin and create active enhancers and mechanistically link ETS1 interaction to GATA4 regulation of endocardial development.
Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin 9 (PCSK9) Promotes Macrophage Activation via LDL Receptor-Independent Mechanisms
Authors: Katsuki Shunsuke , K. Jha Prabhash , Lupieri Adrien , Nakano Toshiaki , Passos Livia S.A. , Rogers Maximillian A. , Becker-Greene Dakota , Le Thanh-Dat , Decano Julius L. , Ho Lee Lang , Guimaraes Gabriel C. , Abdelhamid Ilyes , Halu Arda , Muscoloni Alessandro , V. Cannistraci Carlo , Higashi Hideyuki , Zhang Hengmin , Vromman Amélie , Libby Peter , Keith Ozaki C. , Sharma Amitabh , Singh Sasha A. , Aikawa Elena , Aikawa Masanori
Published: October 2022

Background:

Activated macrophages contribute to the pathogenesis of vascular disease. Vein graft failure is a major clinical problem with limited therapeutic options. PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9) increases low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol levels via LDL receptor (LDLR) degradation. The role of PCSK9 in macrophage activation and vein graft failure is largely unknown, especially through LDLR-independent mechanisms. This study aimed to explore a novel mechanism of macrophage activation and vein graft disease induced by circulating PCSK9 in an LDLR-independent fashion.

Methods:

We used
Ldlr
-/-
mice to examine the LDLR-independent roles of circulating PCSK9 in experimental vein grafts. Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector encoding a gain-of-function mutant of PCSK9 (rAAV8/D377Y-mPCSK9) induced hepatic PCSK9 overproduction. To explore novel inflammatory targets of PCSK9, we used systems biology in
Ldlr
-/-
mouse macrophages.

Results:

In
Ldlr
-/-
mice, AAV-PCSK9 increased circulating PCSK9, but did not change serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels. AAV-PCSK9 promoted vein graft lesion development when compared with control AAV. In vivo molecular imaging revealed that AAV-PCSK9 increased macrophage accumulation and matrix metalloproteinase activity associated with decreased fibrillar collagen, a molecular determinant of atherosclerotic plaque stability. AAV-PCSK9 induced mRNA expression of the pro-inflammatory mediators IL-1β (interleukin-1 beta), TNFα (tumor necrosis factor alpha), and MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) in peritoneal macrophages underpinned by an in vitro analysis of
Ldlr
-/-
mouse macrophages stimulated with endotoxin-free recombinant PCSK9. A combination of unbiased global transcriptomics and new network-based hyperedge entanglement prediction analysis identified the NF-κB (nuclear factor-kappa B) signaling molecules, lectin-like oxidized LOX-1 (LDL receptor-1), and SDC4 (syndecan-4) as potential PCSK9 targets mediating pro-inflammatory responses in macrophages.

Conclusions:

Circulating PCSK9 induces macrophage activation and vein graft lesion development via LDLR-independent mechanisms. PCSK9 may be a potential target for pharmacologic treatment for this unmet medical need.
Arrhythmias in Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Authors: Krieger Eric V. , Zeppenfeld Katja , DeWitt Elizabeth S. , Duarte Valeria E. , Egbe Alexander C. , Haeffele Christiane , Lin Kimberly Y. , Robinson Melissa R. , Sillman Christy , Upadhyay Shailendra ,   on behalf of the American Heart Association Adults With Congenital Heart Disease Committee of the Council on Lifelong Congenital Heart Disease and Heart Health in the Young and Council on Clinical Cardiology
Published: October 2022

Arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death remain common in repaired tetralogy of Fallot and affect even those with excellent anatomic repairs. Atrial arrhythmia often has mechanisms different from those in acquired heart disease. Ventricular arrhythmia remains a major source of mortality in repaired tetralogy of Fallot. Noninvasive risk stratification is important to identify patients who may benefit from ablation or primary prevention implantable cardioverter defibrillators. Multiple noninvasive risk factors are associated with ventricular arrhythmia, but no universally accepted risk stratification algorithm exists. The mechanism of ventricular arrhythmia is usually attributable to a consistent and discrete set of slowly conducting anatomic isthmuses related to both the native anatomy and the consequences of the surgical repair, which interact with ventricular remodeling to provide arrhythmic substrate. This substrate can be identified during electroanatomic mapping and prophylactically ablated in appropriate patients. This scientific statement discusses the mechanisms and treatment of arrhythmia in repaired tetralogy of Fallot.
Unburnable Fossil Fuels and Climate Finance: Compensation for Rights Holders
Authors: Orta-Martínez Martí , Pellegrini Lorenzo , Arsel Murat , Mena Carlos , Muñoa Gorka
Published: October 2022

To limit the increase in global mean temperature to 1.5°C, CO2 emissions should be capped at 440 gigatons. To achieve this, about 89 percent, 59 percent, and 58 percent of existing coal and conventional gas and oil reserves, respectively, need to remain unburned. This implies an economic cost for fossil fuel rights owners, and any successful climate policy will rely on resolving the distributional challenge of how to allocate the right to use the remaining burnable reserves. We discuss the possibility of compensating rights holders of unburnable oil and gas reserves, producing the first estimates of the financial resources needed to secure full compensation. We estimate that approximately US$ 5,400 billion (109) would be needed. Despite the vast amounts required, compensation is nevertheless economically feasible. We suggest a Keynesian “whatever it takes” approach for climate action, combining partial compensation for unburnable fuels and investment in low-carbon technologies to drastically reduce emissions in the rapidly closing window of opportunity before 2030.
Revision of the types of the genus Rhamphomyia species (Diptera, Empididae) described by R. Frey from the collection of the Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg
Authors: SHAMSHEV IGOR V. , BARTÁK MIROSLAV , SAIGUSA TOYOHEI
Published: October 2022

Type material for 36 species of the genus Rhamphomyia Meigen described by R. Frey from the collection of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg is discussed. Habitus photo, label data, type locality and condition of the primary type specimen are provided for 30 species. Lectotype designations are made for the following 20 species (original combinations): Rhamphomyia antennata Frey, 1915; R. (Ctenempis) chrysodactyla Frey, 1950; R. (C.) gripha Frey, 1935; R. (C.) ussuriensis Frey, 1950; R. (Dasyrhamphomyia) ornithorhampha Frey, 1950; R. (D.) pleciaeformis Frey, 1950; R. (D.) taimyrensis Frey, 1950; R. (Eorhamphomyia) basispinosa Frey, 1950; R. (E.) multisinuosa Frey, 1950; R. (E.) principalis Frey, 1950; R. (E.) setitibia Frey, 1950; R. (Megacyttarus) cymbella Frey, 1950; R. (Pararhamphomyia) barbipalpis Frey, 1950; R. (P.) mendicula Frey, 1950; R. (P.) semipellucida Frey, 1950; R. (P.) stackelbergi Frey, 1950; R. (P.) transversipyga Frey, 1950; R. (Rhamphomyia) filipjefi Frey, 1950; R. (R.) paraleucoptera Frey, 1950; R. (R.) subtibialis Frey, 1950.
Spider wasps (Hymenoptera, Pompilidae) of the Republic of Khakassia,
Eastern Siberia, Russia
Authors: LOKTIONOV V. M.
Published: October 2022

The spider wasp fauna of the Republic of Khakassia (Eastern Siberia, Russia) is revised. The number of species recorded from Khakassia has increased from 15 to 60, genera—from 4 to 17, subfamilies—from 2 to 3. An annotated list of the species with citation, examined material, and general distribution is given. The species, Anoplius piliventris (F. Morawitz), is newly recorded from Russia. Four genera, Agenioideus Ashmead, Anospilus Haupt, Aporinellus Banks, Tachyagetes Haupt, and 11 species are newly recorded from Eastern Siberia. One subfamily, 13 genera, and 45 species are recorded from Khakassia for the first time.
Laser-Induced Fluorescence (LIF) Spectroscopy of Trapped Molecular Ions in the Gas Phase
Authors: Dinesan Hemanth , Kumar S. Sunil
Published: October 2022

This review focuses on the laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectroscopy of trapped gas-phase molecular ions, a developing field of research. Following a brief description of the theory and experimental approaches employed in general for fluorescence spectroscopy, the review summarizes the current state-of-the-art intrinsic fluorescence measurement techniques employed for gas-phase ions. Whereas the LIF spectroscopy of condensed matter systems is a well-developed area of research, the instrumentation used for such studies is not directly applicable to gas-phase ions. However, some measurement schemes employed in condensed-phase experiments could be highly beneficial for gas-phase investigations. We have included a brief discussion on some of these techniques as well. Quadrupole ion traps are commonly used for spatial confinement of ions in the ion-trap-based LIF. One of the main challenges involved in such experiments is the poor signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) arising due to weak gas-phase fluorescence emission, high background noise, and small solid angle for the fluorescence collection optics. The experimental approaches based on the integrated high-finesse optical cavities employed for the condensed-phase measurements provide a better (typically an order of magnitude more) SNR in the detected fluorescence than the single-pass detection schemes. Another key to improving the SNR is to exploit the maximum solid angle of light collection by choosing high numerical aperture (NA) collection optics. A combination of these two approaches integrated with ion traps could transmogrify this field, allowing one to study even weak fluorescence emission from gas-phase molecular ions. The review concludes by discussing the scope of the advances in the LIF instrumentation for detailed spectral characterization of fluorophores of weak gas-phase fluorescence emission, considering fluorescein as one example.
The improvement of spinnability of natural indigo dyed cotton fiber using centrifugation pretreatment
Authors: Sun Jieqing , Han Guangting , Liu Chunguo , Fu Gang , Zhang Yuanming , Jiang Wei
Published: October 2022

Natural indigo is a traditional dye for textiles. However, a large number of impurities on the surface of dyed fibers have been reported, which leads to poor friction and electrical performance, and exerts a negative impact on the spinning of the fibers. In this paper, a centrifugation pretreatment of the leuco indigo dye liquid was reported to remove the impurities, and the centrifuged dye was then applied to cotton fiber. The results revealed that centrifugation could effectively remove 88.2% of solid impurities, and the fiber after being dyed showed a clean and smooth surface. There was almost no chromatic aberration compared with the original fibers that were dyed with the noncentrifuged dye solution, and the optimized value of the color difference was less than 0.5. The friction and electrical properties of the fibers were improved. There was significantly reduced dust observed during the spinning process of the dyed fibers, and the spinnability of the fibers was improved. The coefficient of variation of single yarn decreased from 28.35% to 21.19%.
Polypyrrole hollow tube/polyethylene geotextile composite for multifunctional protection prepared based on the soft template method of methyl orange
Authors: Lu Qianqian , Liu Jianyong , Liu Yuanjun , Zhao Xiaoming
Published: October 2022

Herein, the application of a low-cost, multifunctional polypyrrole hollow tube composite was investigated in the building field. Firstly, polydopamine was made on the surface of a polyethylene geotextile that was the base material. Secondly, the complexes of FeCl3 and methyl orange as soft templates were used in the in situ polymerization method to prepare a multifunctional polypyrrole hollow tube/polyethylene geotextile composite. Polydopamine played a role in improving the adhesion between the polyethylene fibers and polypyrrole hollow tubes. Finally, the electromagnetic shielding, sound absorption, piezoresistive sensing, and electrochemical properties of the composite were tested. The results showed that the shielding effectiveness value of the composite was higher than 32.7 dB in the X-band, which can shield at least 99% of electromagnetic waves. The average sound absorption coefficient value of the composite was 0.36, which was doubled compared with the polyethylene geotextile, and the peak sound absorption coefficient value reached 0.85 at the frequency of 5437 Hz. The composite could respond to deformation in the range of 4.9–99.9 kPa, and the highest sensitivity was 2.01 kPa−1 at a pressure of 14.2 kPa. The composite had an electrochemical response to KOH solutions, and the specific capacitance was 78.78 F/g at a sweep speed of 0.01 V/s. The composite had the advantages of simple preparation, low cost, and a wide range of use, and had broad application prospects in solving the increasingly severe electromagnetic interference, noise pollution, building structure nondestructive monitoring, and energy storage.
Victims and Ex-Combatants in Colombia: The Aulas de Paz Model of Truth, Forgiveness, and Reconciliation
Authors: Gaviria Juan Camilo , Baron Mendoza Laura , Meernik James
Published: October 2022

In recent years there has been increasing interest in the interactions and relationships between victims of armed conflict and former members of armed nonstate actors. For many survivors, a critical element of restoration and repair is coming to terms with the violence that was visited upon them. At the same time, many of those who took part in acts of violence have sought to account for and apologize for their behavior—to unburden themselves of their knowledge, recover their own lost humanity, and be reconciled with those whom they victimized. The victim and the perpetrator are both vital elements in any effort at truth telling and reconciliation and ultimately the successful reincorporation of ex-combatants into the population. The method used by Aulas de Paz (Classrooms of Peace) in Colombia is effective in fostering interaction between ex-combatants and victims that can contribute to truth, forgiveness, and reconciliation. It is a theoretically grounded strategy of individual and collective healing that can help advance restorative justice in states affected by armed conflict.

Los últimos años han visto un creciente interés en las interacciones y relaciones entre víctimas de conflictos armados y antiguos miembros de actores armados no estatales. Para muchos sobrevivientes, aceptar la violencia que se les impuso resulta un elemento crítico para la restauración y reparación. Al mismo tiempo, muchos de quienes participaron en actos de violencia han buscado rendir cuentas y disculparse por su comportamiento con el objeto de librarse de su conocimiento, recuperar la propia humanidad perdida y reconciliarse con aquellos a quienes victimizaron. La víctima y el perpetrador son elementos vitales en cualquier esfuerzo por hablar la verdad, fomentar la reconciliación y, en última instancia, reincorporarar exitosamente a los excombatientes a la población. El método utilizado por Aulas de Paz en Colombia fomenta de manera efectiva la interacción entre excombatientes y víctimas, asunto que puede contribuir a la verdad, el perdón y la reconciliación. Se trata de una estrategia teóricamente fundamentada de sanación individual y colectiva que puede promover la justicia restaurativa en los estados afectados por conflictos armados.
Parents and Unwed Daughters as an Intergenerational Alliance? – Parental Matchmaking and China’s Single Women
Authors: CHAN Annie Hau Nung , CHEN Peier
Published: October 2022

This paper examines the motivations and contexts for China’s highly educated, financially independent single urban women to willingly participate in parental matchmaking. Based on the analysis of two rounds of in-depth interviews with 25 never-married women in Shanghai, Shenzhen and Guangzhou, we find that their participation in parental matchmaking is best understood as an intergenerational alliance formed to mitigate perceived insecurities. Neo-familism, state-endorsed stigmatization and discriminatory polices explain why parents and daughters both prioritize socio-economic security in mate selection. However, the benefits of this inter-generational collaboration are doubtful and asymmetrical, more beneficial to parents than daughters. We contribute to the literature by specifying how state-promoted discourses, neo-familism and women’s lived experiences explain their participation in parental matchmaking.
Is telehealth an effective and feasible option for improving falls-related outcomes in community-dwelling adults with neurological conditions? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Thwaites Claire , Nayyar Rohini , Blennerhassett Jannette , Egerton Thorlene , Tan Jasmine , Bower Kelly
Published: October 2022

Objective

To determine the effectiveness of telehealth interventions in reducing community falls risk or rates compared to equivalent in-person interventions in adults with neurological conditions.

Data Sources

Eight electronic databases, trial registries and search engines were searched for the concepts ‘falls’, ‘neurological conditions’, and ‘telehealth’, limited to English language, from inception until August 2022.

Review methods

Search for original research where the intervention was delivered via synchronous videoconferencing with the aim of reducing falls and falls-related outcomes. Screening and risk of bias assessment were completed by two independent researchers. Outcome data included falls rates, falls-related outcomes, safety, feasibility, and acceptability. Risk of bias was assessed using the ROB-2 and ROBINS-I tools. Quality of evidence was rated with the grading of recommendations, assessment, development and evaluation (GRADE) approach.

Results

Seventeen studies with 581 participants were included; six were randomised controlled trials. Risk of bias ranged from low to high. Only one study ( n = 76) reported falls and did not find differences between telehealth and in-person physiotherapy. There was low-quality evidence that telehealth interventions improve balance outcomes more than face-to-face interventions (pooled between-group mean difference 2.48 Berg Balance Scale units, 95%CI 0.77 to 4.20). Fear of falling was not different between intervention delivery modes.

Conclusion

Findings suggest that telehealth delivered falls prevention interventions are safe, feasible and acceptable in community-dwelling adults with neurological conditions, however, data related to effectiveness in reducing falls is limited. Low-quality evidence suggests that telehealth may deliver similar or better outcomes for standing balance in this population. PROSPERO Registration: (CRD42021240167).
Exercise therapy improves pain and mouth opening in temporomandibular disorders: A systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Idáñez-Robles Ana M , Obrero-Gaitán Esteban , Lomas-Vega Rafael , Osuna-Pérez María C , Cortés-Pérez Irene , Zagalaz-Anula Noelia
Published: October 2022

Objective

To analyse the effectiveness of exercise therapy in improving pain and active or passive maximum mouth opening in patients with temporomandibular disorders.

Data sources

PubMed Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL Complete and Physiotherapy Evidence Database, until April 2022, in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.

Review methods

We included randomized controlled trials evaluating the effect of exercise therapy on pain and on active and passive maximum mouth opening in patients with temporomandibular disorders. Effect size was calculated using Cohen's standardized mean difference (SMD) and their 95% confidence interval (95% CI) in a random-effects model.

Results

A total of 16 studies with 812 participants were included. Exercise therapy is effective in reducing pain (SMD: −0.58; 95% CI: −1.01 to −0.12) and increasing the pain pressure threshold (SMD: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.14–0.76), active and passive maximum mouth opening (SMD: 0.43; 95% CI: 0.14–0.71 and SMD: 0.4; 95% CI: 0.06–0.75, respectively). Subgroup analyses showed more effect of exercise therapy more splints versus splints on pain (SMD: −0.5; 95% CI: −0.73 to −0.26), active and passive maximum mouth opening (SMD: 1.14; 95% CI: 0.22–2.07 and SMD: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.06–1.06, respectively). On pain pressure threshold, exercise therapy was better than physiotherapy approach (manual therapy and electrotherapy) (SMD: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.09–0.87).

Conclusions

Therapeutic exercise is an effective therapy to reduce pain and increase pain pressure threshold and active and passive maximum mouth opening in patients with temporomandibular disorders.
Therapeutic (Sub)stance: Current practice and therapeutic conduct in preparatory sessions in substance-assisted psychotherapy—A systematized review
Authors: Thal Sascha B , Wieberneit Michelle , Sharbanee Jason M , Skeffington Petra M , Baker Paris , Bruno Raimondo , Wenge Tobias , Bright Stephen J
Published: October 2022

Background:

Clinical trials are currently investigating the potential of substance-assisted psychotherapy (SAPT) as treatment for several psychiatric conditions. The potential therapeutic effects of SAPT may be influenced by contextual factors including preparation prior to and integration after the substance-assisted therapy sessions.

Aims:

This systematized review outlines recommendations for current practice in preparatory sessions in SAPT including safety measures and screening procedures, preparation of set and setting, session contents, methods, and roles, prerequisites, and appropriate conduct of therapists.

Methods:

A systematized review of the literature was conducted based on PRISMA guidelines. MEDLINE (OVID), PsycINFO (OVID), and Cochrane Library were searched and clinical trials, treatment manuals, study protocols, case studies, qualitative studies, descriptive studies, theoretical papers, reviews, book chapters, and conference proceedings published until February 1, 2022 were retrieved.

Results:

The final synthesis included k = 83 sources. Information about safety measures including screening of participants, set and setting, contextual-, physiological-, and psychological preparation, roles, competencies, prerequisites, and characteristics of the therapists, and the establishment of a therapeutic relationship were summarized and discussed.

Conclusion:

It is concluded that there is a consensus in the literature about the importance of adequate preparation before the administration of psychoactive substances in SAPT. However, the extent and approaches for these sessions vary across different models and there is a need for timelier and more rigorous qualitative and quantitative investigations assessing different approaches and techniques for the optimal preparation of clients in SAPT.
The many layers of BOLD. The effect of hypercapnic and hyperoxic stimuli on macro- and micro-vascular compartments quantified by CVR, M, and CBV across cortical depth
Authors: Schellekens Wouter , Bhogal Alex A , Roefs Emiel CA , Báez-Yáñez Mario G , Siero Jeroen CW , Petridou Natalia
Published: October 2022

Ultra-high field functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) offers the spatial resolution to measure neuronal activity at the scale of cortical layers. However, cortical depth dependent vascularization differences, such as a higher prevalence of macro-vascular compartments near the pial surface, have a confounding effect on depth-resolved blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) fMRI signals. In the current study, we use hypercapnic and hyperoxic breathing conditions to quantify the influence of all venous vascular and micro-vascular compartments on laminar BOLD fMRI, as measured with gradient-echo (GE) and spin-echo (SE) scan sequences, respectively. We find that all venous vascular and micro-vascular compartments are capable of comparable theoretical maximum signal intensities, as represented by the M-value parameter. However, the capacity for vessel dilation, as reflected by the cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR), is approximately two and a half times larger for all venous vascular compartments combined compared to the micro-vasculature at superficial layers. Finally, there is roughly a 35% difference in estimates of CBV changes between all venous vascular and micro-vascular compartments, although this relative difference was approximately uniform across cortical depth. Thus, our results suggest that fMRI BOLD signal differences across cortical depth are likely caused by differences in dilation properties between macro- and micro-vascular compartments.
Newly-diagnosed immunoglobulin A nephropathy with increased plasma galactose-deficient-IgA1 antibody associated with mRNA COVID-19 vaccination: a case report
Authors: Chen Yun-Sung , Yang Cheng-Wen , Tsai Chien-Chen , Ang Min-De , Chou San-Fang , Chiang Wen-Chih , Chiu Yen-Ling
Published: October 2022

Newly-diagnosed or relapses of immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) have been associated with COVID-19 vaccination in the literature. Most reported cases were mild clinical diseases characterized by microscopic haematuria and do not require dialysis treatment. This current case report describes a 55-year-old male patient that presented to the emergency department with acute kidney injury after receiving the first dose of the mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine. After admission, his renal function deteriorated rapidly, and then he developed uraemic encephalopathy. He underwent emergency haemodialysis with a rapid improvement in his mental status. Renal biopsy showed newly-diagnosed IgA nephropathy along with markedly elevated plasma level of galactose-deficient-IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) antibody. The patient did not receive immunosuppressive treatment and is now dialysis-free. Immune activation is considered an essential factor in developing or exacerbating IgAN following COVID-19 vaccination. This current case report demonstrates that elevated Gd-IgA1 antibody may be the potential mechanistic link between COVID-19 vaccination and IgAN.
The political economy of land value capture in the UK: Rent and viability in Salford’s new municipalist turn
Authors: Purcell Thomas F. , Ward Callum
Published: October 2022

This paper contextualises the political economy of land value capture (LVC) within the shift to an increasingly financialised, rentier-dominated capitalism. Contributing to an emerging dialogue between social constructivist planning literature on performativity in LVC and the critical political economy literature on rents and rentiership, we overview Salford's planning policy trajectory in recent decades in order to highlight how the UK planning system has increasingly been reconfigured as a mechanism to increase land values. In doing so, we explore both Salford's shift to neoliberal planning and its municipal socialist counter-turn in recent years, reflecting on how the centrality of LVC to the latter still leaves it dependent on rentier logics. In doing so, we locate these policy conjunctures within the governance dynamics of Britain's transformation into a rentier economy; wherein the stimulation, disbursement and capture of land values have become central objects of spatio-economic policy.
Licochalcone A inhibits IgE-mediated allergic reaction through PLC/ERK/STAT3 pathway
Authors: Shu Jin , Cui Xu , Liu Xin , Yu Wenxing , Zhang Weisong , Huo Xiaojing , Lu Chao
Published: October 2022

Licochalcone (LicA) is a flavonoid commonly derived from the licorice plant that is reported to have a variety of pharmacological activities. However, few studies have focused on its anti-allergic properties. IgE-mediated passive and systemic anaphylaxis mice models were used to assess the in vivo anti-allergic effect of LicA and its underlying mechanism, while degranulation, cytokines, and chemokines released from laboratory of allergic disease (LAD2) cells were used to assess its in vitro anti-allergic effect. We used western blot analysis to explore the downstream signaling pathway of its anti-allergic effect. We found that in the mouse model, LicA attenuated IgE-mediated paw inflammation, recovered the allergy-induced drop in body temperature, and reduced the concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and monocyte chemo-attractant protein-1 in mouse serum in a dose-dependent manner. LicA inhibited the allergic reaction via inhibition of IgE-mediated LAD2 cell activation through the PLC/ERK/STAT3 pathway.
The internship performance of undergraduate students: Are hard or soft skills more important?
Authors: Franco-Ángel Mónica , Carabali Jaime , Velasco María Isabel
Published: October 2022

Higher education provides students with the knowledge and skills necessary for professional development. These are applied when students make the transition from the academic world to the world of work and allow them to generate value for organizations. This study analyzes the impact that hard and soft skills have on the performance of undergraduate students in their internships. The methodology uses multiple regression techniques on data from 2010 to 2021 from a sample of 6632 students in 25 undergraduate programs at Icesi University in Colombia. The results confirm the importance of both soft and hard skills and show that soft skills explain students’ performance to a greater extent. These findings can assist universities, faculty and organizations in developing the skills necessary for students to improve their performance, build successful careers and generate value for organizations.
Microstructural Evolution & Mechanical Properties of ZrO2/GNP and B4C/GNP reinforced AA6061 Friction Stir Processed Surface Composites - A Comparative study
Authors: Ammal M. Avadi , Sudha J.
Published: October 2022

Friction Stir Processing (FSP) is a surface modification approach by which the surface characteristics of materials can be improved. The materials that are subjected to the FSP can significantly alter the tribological well as the mechanical and metallurgical features by transforming a heterogenous microstructure to a more homogeneous and refined microstructure. In the present work, Zirconia (ZrO2) and Boron Carbide (B4C) nanoparticles along with Graphene Nano platelets (GNP) were reinforced into the surface of the Aluminum AA6061-T6 alloy by FSP. Studies on the effects of the reinforcement on the mechanical and microstructural changes were carried out. As a result of the FSP, the reinforcement particles are uniformly dispersed on the substrate material’s surface. The zirconia/graphene reinforced aluminum composite (Al-ZrO2-GNP) has a significant improvement in hardness about 130% when compared to the as-received AA6061 alloy whereas the hardness of B4C/graphene reinforced composite has shown an increase of 87% when compared with the base metal. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope, and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope images reveal the presence of the reinforcement particles and microstructural changes in the friction stir processed aluminum alloys. The Tensile properties of the developed composites have also increased reasonably when compared to the base metal. Wear analysis was carried out and it was found that the B4C/graphene reinforced surface composite has higher wear resistance (40% increase) when compared to the ZrO2/graphene reinforced surface composite (22%increase).
Spatial distribution and environmental significance of modern organic carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes in the source area of the Yellow River: A case study of Gyaring Lake and Ngoring Lake
Authors: Cheng Longjuan , Jiang Qingfeng , Ji Ming , Ning Dongliang , Ge Ying , Kuai Xiang , Zhao Wenwei
Published: October 2022

Organic carbon and total nitrogen isotopes (δ13Corg and δ15N) are useful for identifying sources of organic matter and for reconstructing environmental conditions in paleoecology and paleoclimatology. Gyaring Lake and Ngoring Lake are the two largest freshwater lakes in the source area of the Yellow River (SAYR), which lies in the northeastern the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. These bodies of water were chosen as our research objects, and we analyzed the carbon and nitrogen isotopes in the surface sediments of the two lakes and in soil samples from around the lakes. The results indicate the consistency and endogenous characteristics of the organic matter sources of the distribution of δ13Corg and δ15N in the surface sediments of Gyaring Lake and Ngoring Lake. The δ13Corg values of the two lakes were significantly positive in areas near the inflow and outflow of the Yellow River. The distribution of δ15N in Gyaring Lake was similar to that of total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN), and its values were relatively higher than those affected by the joint influence of the Yellow River and some small tributaries, while δ15N was more positive in the deep-water area of Ngoring Lake. This study provides reliable and modern data on δ13Corg and δ15N for the long-term paleoenvironment and paleoecological reconstruction of the SAYR in the future.
LncRNA colorectal neoplasia differentially expressed exacerbates the impairments in learning and memory induced by isoflurane
Authors: Tian Xiang , Yuan Yawei , Wang Long
Published: October 2022

Background

This observation aimed to investigate the effect of colorectal neoplasia differentially expressed (CRNDE) targeted miR-212-5p on cognitive impairment induced by isoflurane (ISO) anesthesia in rats.

Methods

The cognitive function of rats was measured by Morris water maze test. QRT-PCR detection of CRNDE and miR-212-5p expression levels in rats in each group. Double luciferase was used to verify the targeting relationship between miR-212-5p and CRNDE, and commercial kits were used to detect the level of inflammatory cytokines in hippocampus.

Results

The concentration of CRNDE was enhanced in rats treated by ISO anesthetic. The neurological severity score was elevated, the escape latency of rats was prolonged, the stay time in the quadrant of the platform, and the number of times crossing the platform decreased in the ISO group. The above indexes of rats in ISO + si-CRNDE were improved. MiR-212-5p is a mediator in the management of CRNDE on cognition and inflammation.

Conclusion

CRNDE led to the deterioration of impairment on cognition induced by ISO through suppressing miR-212-5p expression and promoting neuroinflammation.