bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMPARAÇÃO DE TÉCNICAS DE CONCENTRAÇÃO POR SEDIMENTAÇÃO E COLORAÇÃO PARA DETECÇÃO DE OOCISTOS DE Cryptosporidium spp. EM AMOSTRAS FECAIS DE ANIMAIS DE COMPANHIA
Authors: Moreira Andrios Da Silva , Baptista Cristiane Telles , Brasil Carolina Litchina , Valente Julia De Souza , Bruhn Fábio Raphael Pascoti , Pereira Daniela Isabel Brayer
Published: December 2019

Neste estudo realizou-se a comparação e análise de concordância entre técnicas de concentração por sedimentação usando acetato de etila e formalina-éter, bem como avaliou-se os métodos de Kinyoun, Ziehl-Neelsen e Safranina para detecção de oocistos de Cryptosporidium spp. em fezes de animais de companhia. A técnica de Auramina foi empregada como método de triagem. De 136 amostras de fezes analisadas, 23,52% (n=32) apresentaram oocistos de Cryptosporidium spp. detectados pelo método de Auramina, sendo que 21,33% das amostras (29/136) e 14,7% (20/136) resultaram positivas quando utilizou-se, respectivamente, acetato de etila e formalina-éter como método de concentração. O teste Kappa evidenciou nível de concordância bom entre os métodos de concentração para a técnica de Auramina e concordância excelente para os métodos de Kinyoun, Ziehl-Neelsen e Safranina. A concordância entre os métodos Kinyoun e Ziehl-Neelsen foi fraca e não houve concordância com Safranina. É possível inferir que o emprego de acetato de etila ou formalina-éter não influencia os resultados para os métodos de coloração, embora oocistos mais íntegros tenham sido observados quando utilizado acetato de etila. Na impossibilidade de uso do método de auramina, Kinyoun deve ser empregado, seguido de Ziehl-Neelsen.
Reilustrar Alice: Tentativas de Escapar à tentação da Disney
Authors: Ramos Ana Margarida
Published: December 2019

Este estudo analisa as implicações da ilustração e da edição no processo de leitura de obras conotadas com o universo da literatura para a infância e juventude, identificando, a partir da obra mais emblemática de Lewis Carroll, Alice no País das Maravilhas(1865), alguns volumes e recriações mais marcantes e procedendo à sua análise. O impacto dos elementos visuais e materiais, como a ilustração e o design gráfico, onde se incluem aspetos como o formato, a paginação ou as dimensões do volume, entre outros, surge associado à tradição imagética da obra, fortemente dominada pela adaptação para cinema de animação realizada por Walt Disney, em 1951, que rapidamente se sobrepôs à iconografia da edição original, da autoria de John Tenniel, colocando inúmeros desafios aos criadores contemporâneos, sobre os quais importa refletir.
Educational Migration from Kazakhstan to China: Reality and Prospects
Authors: Serikkaliyeva Azhar E. , Nadirova Gulnar E. , Saparbayeva Nurzhan B.
Published: December 2019

Introduction. The relevance of the study is determined by the gradual expansion of educational cooperation between Kazakhstan and China and the need to identify the competitive advantages of the educational system of China over Kazakhstan’s system of higher education. The purpose of the article is to identify factors stimulating dynamic growth of educational migration from Kazakhstan to China, as a relatively recent phenomenon, and to evaluate its possible consequences.
Materials and Methods. In order to identify main trends and the way of development of Kazakhstan-China educational relations, we used empirical methods; namely: qualitative research method, description, expert interviews, content analysis, and synthesis. A survey of Kazakhstani students studying in China was conducted. The students of the Department of Chinese Studies of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University were interviewed, as well as those who participated in the joint training program with the Lanzhou University. Kazakhstani students from Beijing University of Language and Cu lture also participated in the survey.
Results. The main reasons for the dynamic growth of educational migration from Kazakhstan to China are high quality of education in China, access to education in Chinese universities, comfortable learning and living conditions for Kazakhs, etc. By analysing the statistical data of the Chinese Ministry of Education, timing of the dynamics of Kazakhstani students’ flows to China was presented. The legislative and governmental measures of the two countries aiming to create a basis for educational cooperation were also analysed. An attempt to predict the future activities of Kazakhstan students as the “soft power” of China in Kazakhstan was made.
Discussion and Conclusion. This problem can be further investigated in the study of factors affecting the increase in the academic mobility of Kazakhstani students, which should contribute to the expansion of cooperation between Kazakhstan and China in the field of education. The results of this study may be useful to scientists and lecturers engaged in research on various aspects of the educational migration of Kazakhstan to China.
Assessing the Teaching Quality of Economics Programme: Instructor Course Evaluations
Authors: Hysa Eglantina , Ur Rehman Naqeeb
Published: December 2019

Introduction.In recent years, measuring the efficiency and effectiveness of higher education has become a major issue. Most developed countries are using national surveys to measure teaching and assessment as key determinants of students’ approaches to learning which have direct effect on the quality of their learning outcomes. In less developed countries, there does not exist a national survey. This paper aims to propose an original questionnaire assessing the teaching quality. The specifics of this questionnaire, termed as the Instructor Course Evaluation Survey, is that it addresses three main dimensions, such as: Learning Resources, Teaching Effectiveness, and Student Support.
Materials and Methods. The paper opted for an analytic study using 3,776 completed questionnaires. This is a case study applied to the students enrolled in economics program in a private university in Albania. The Instructor Course Evaluation Survey design was supported by the literature review, identifying the three main dimensions included in the questionnaire. The reliability was tested with Cronbach’s alpha and with Confirmatory Factor Analysis. The use of Confirmatory Factor Analysis helps in identifying issues of multi-dimensionality in scales.
Results. The paper provides empirical insights into the assessing methodology and brings a new model of it. The finding suggests that Learning Resources, Teaching Effectiveness and Student Support increase the quality of teaching. Because of the chosen research target group, students from economics program, the research results may not be generalizable. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to test the proposed statements further.
Discussion and Conclussion.The paper includes implications for the development of a simple and useful questionnaire assessing the quality of teaching. Although Instructor Course Evaluation Survey was applied specifically to economics program, the proposed questionnaire can be broadly applied. This paper fulfills an identified need to propose an original and simple questionnaire to be used from different universities and programs to measure the quality of teaching.
English for Professional Communication: A Project-Based Approach to Teaching University Students (a Case Study of Music Students)
Authors: Borisova Elena N. , Letkina Nataliya V.
Published: December 2019

Introduction. One of the ultimate requirements for the successful integration of any specialist to the international market is his/her language skills. However, the current educational system often lacks streamlined techniques meeting challenges of dynamically changing sociocultural and professional settings, especially, when it comes to communication, field-specific terminology and self-development opportunities. The article dwells on project-based learning at universities in view of English for Professional Purpose. The aim of this paper is to specify some aspects of the project-based approach related to project content and structure, as well as to discover some of its advantages in the English for Professional Purpose-context.
Materials and Methods. The research was carried out at the Gnesins Russian Academy of Music, its participants having exceeded 500 students from eight faculties and amounted to 40 educators teaching different disciplines. The following methods were used to specify the ways to university enhance students’ English language skills through project-based learning: analysis and synthesis to study research and methodical literature at Stage 1; survey (interviews, questionnaires) to work with at Stage 2 – getting students and teachers prepared for project-based activities; comparative analysis and description to deal with at Stage 3, related to integrating project-based learning into educational and sociocultural environment, and supervision to deal with Stages 2, 3 and to fix the results. The learning material comprised items for developing students’ speaking, reading, listening and writing skills.
Results. The research findings include project content-and-structure-related aspects involving such factors as time, duration, form, type, activities, context and related fields. The authors also brought into the spotlight some advantages for more efficient professional training, namely, an increase in student motivation and readiness for successful communication, proper understanding and use of field-specific terms, as well as extending the range of self-development opportunities.
Discussion and Conclusion. The project-based approach in the English for Professional Purpose context creates new opportunities for students to learn to interact with others on an international scale in the realworld circumstances. The article is intended for English language educators and learners worldwide seeking to enrich mixed group experience by doing creative projects wit h real-world outcomes.
Strategies for Practicing Self-Care from Racial Battle Fatigue
Authors: Quaye Stephen , Karikari Shamika N. , Allen Courtney Rashad , Okello Wilson , Carter Kiaya Demere
Published: December 2019

Racial battle fatigue is the exhaustion that People of Color feel from repeated exposure to racism, as well as its negative impact on their emotional, physiological, and psychological health and wellbeing. Although People of Color have engaged in resistance and resilience in the midst of racism, it still takes a toll on their bodies. In this article, we focus specifically on Black student affairs educators, given the racial battle fatigue they navigate working in a helping profession where they are often expected to prioritize students’ needs above their own. Using a narrative methodological approach, we centered the stories of 35 Black student affairs educators across various institutions to identify the strategies they used to practice self-care in the midst of racial battle fatigue, including unplugging from the people and places that caused them harm, building community with other Black educators, caring for their bodies, finding safe spaces, and using counseling. We offer implications for practice for Black student affairs educators and those working to support them in navigating racial battle fatigue.
Correction to: Towards improved testing of modern asphalt pavements
Authors: Partl M. N.
Published: December 2019

The article “Towards improved testing of modern asphalt pavements”, written by “M. N. Partl”, was originally published electronically on the publisher’s internet portal (currently SpringerLink) on 3 December without open access.
Correction to: Relating early hydration, specific surface and flow loss of cement pastes
Authors: Mantellato Sara , Palacios Marta , Flatt Robert J.
Published: December 2019

The article “Relating early hydration, specific surface and flow loss of cement pastes”, written by “Sara Mantellato, Marta Palacios, Robert J. Flatt”, was originally published electronically on the publisher’s internet portal (currently SpringerLink) on 4 January 2019 without open access.
The Consequences of the Statutory Regulation of Customary Law: An Examination of the South African Customary Law of Succession and Marriage
Authors: Osman Fatima
Published: December 2019

In pluralistic legal systems, the regulation of non-state law through statute carries the risks associated with codification; namely the ossification and distortion of law. This article examines the effects of statutory regulation on unwritten systems of law in the South African legal context. It argues that the constitutional recognition of customary law in South Africa has forced the state to legislate in this arena, the most notable enactments being the Recognition of Customary Marriages Act 120 of 1998 and the Reform of Customary Law of Succession and Regulation of Related Matters Act 11 of 2009. The enactments' attempt to align customary law with constitutional values have imported significant portions of the common law to regulate the customary law of marriage and succession. This has resulted in a distortion of customary law to reflect common law values and rules. Furthermore, it is argued that significant lacunae in the enactments have necessitated litigation and resulted in the judiciary playing a significant role in shaping customary law. Finally, despite the incorporation of living customary law into the enactments, the implementation thereof by courts and in practice has – and perhaps inevitably so – ossified and distorted portions of the law. Nonetheless, the article argues that legislation is critical to regulate customary law. It advocates that the shortcomings identified in the article are addressed to ensure a more accurate portrayal of customary law in legislation and the successful implementation thereof.
The Development of Problem-Based Learning Test Instruments for the High School Physics Problem Solving Skills
Authors: ABDULFATTAH Ahsan , SUPAHAR Supahar
Published: December 2019

Problem solving skills are an important part of
physics learning in schools and is also useful for adapting to the environment.
Problem solving skills are also a demand for education in the 21st century, so
having this skills can help to compete in gaining experience in this all-modern
world. This study aimed to determine the feasibility of the developed test
instrument in terms of content validity and reliability. The test instrument
developed was in the form of multiple choices with a total of 25 questions. The
analysis of content validity of the test instrument was conducted using the
Aiken's V Coefficient. The empirical validity and reliability of test
instrument were estimated using the Classical
Test Theory (CTT) and Item Response
Theory (IRT). The results of this study showed that the test instrument
developed was valid with Aiken's V Coefficient ranging between 0.76 to 0.95 and
reliable with a reliability value according to CTT of 9.5, while the developed
questions were stated reliable according to the IRT if used by the students
with the ability ranging between -1.2 to 3.8 in logit scale. Based on the
results of the study, the instrument developed was feasible to be used as an
instrument for testing problem solving skills.
Using of the Tolerans-based Learning Strategies for High Schools Students in Education
Authors: MUNDİR Mundir
Published: December 2019

In the new global discourse tolerance has become
a central issue for in various countries. These findings have significant
implications for the understanding of how learning strategies in teaching
tolerance in the Qur'an Surat al-Kafirun. In addition, forms of learning
strategies to strengthen diversity. Different methods have been proposed to
classify tolerance. This study uses a qualitative approach, with the type of
case studies, data collection techniques with document analysis. This research
approach uses phenomenology, research methods namely qualitative. In this
study, case study was identified as Indonesian high school education. As for the results
of the study showed two forms of tolerance strategies, namely dialogical
tolerance and tolerance of the beliefs of others. While the form of tolerance
through religiosity education which includes: grateful for diversity and
awareness of diversity; to live according to the basic values and basic
traditions of school philosophy; Forms of learning carried out by implementing
the religiosity education program; active, interactive and dialogic learning.
Using Technology in Hydrocarbon Topics: A Profile on Students’ Self-Regulated Learning
Authors: WİYARSİ Antuni , FİTRİYANA Nur , IKHSAN Jaslin
Published: December 2019

This research aimed to analyse the use of
chemistry-on-android (chemondro) game and blended learning as the
implementation of technology on hydrocarbon topics toward students’
self-regulated learning. A comparative study has employed in this research.
There were three groups of students with a total of 143 students represents
from all of the eleventh graders in Purworejo Regency, Indonesia. These three
groups of students applied different technology as the media on its learning
process. A group which applying ‘chemondro’ game, a group with blended learning
and the last group with the combination between the two. A Self-Regulated
Learning Scale (SRLS) was administrated to obtain the data. These data of
students’ self-regulated learning were classified into five categories, from
excellent to very poor category according to analysis based on the criteria of
mean ideal and ideal standard deviation. The results of the analysis showed
that the profile of students’ self-regulated learning on the group that used
the ‘chemondro’ game only as the media was better compared to the other two
student groups. This research suggests that the used of educational game should
be widely used in chemistry learning to promote students’ self-regulated
learning.
Self-Regulated Learners in Voluntary Reading: The effects and Implications on EFL Reading Classes
Authors: SHOLEH Agus
Published: December 2019

This study was an attempt to investigate how self-regulated learning through voluntary reading (VR) affects EFL students’ reading comprehension. The researchers transform the self-regulation strategy that is usually done in class into self-checking voluntary reading card based on self-regulated learning (SRL). This research applied quasi-experimental with pre-test post-test control group design and to achieve the goal, 93 Indonesian EFL learners of a private university in East Java, Indonesia were chosen based on their performance on preliminary research treated as experimental and control group. The experimental group did VR activity and SRL strategies, and the control group received direct teaching. The data were analyzed using t-test and the result showed that that the self-regulation through voluntary reading has a significant effect on students’ reading comprehension. This study implicitly reminds all EFL teachers in Indonesia to pay more attention to increase students’ self-regulation and to overcome the problems of independence, interest, habit in reading, and reading comprehension that the students face.
The Impact of Listening Phonological Errors on Speaking : A Case Study on English Education
Authors: PURNAMA Syahfitri , FARİKAH Farikah , PURWANTO Burhan Eko , WARDHANİ Sri , KHOLİD İdham , HUDA Syamsul , JOEMSİTTİPRASERT Watcharin
Published: December 2019

Phonological errors in communicating will let the listener gain a different meaning and communication becomes impeded. The students’ errors are due to their lack of understanding of the sound system of language, as their second-language acquisition.  The problem in this research is what type of phonological errors are made by students when they are listening to the short story and will impact on their speaking. The data is conducted in the language laboratory of The National University in Jakarta by second-semester students in the subject of Spoken English. in the Faculty of Letters, English Department. The purpose of this research study is to learnthe difficulties of students when learning Basic Spoken English. The method used is descriptive with content analysis techniques. The result showed the most the biggest of surface structure taxonomy of phonological errors created by the students when they are listening to the short story and has impacted on speaking is global errors in diphthong (61,29%). This is because in Indonesian there is no sound of a diphthong. These global errors will have an effect on good communication. The students should study the phonological system in the target language, especially diphthong sound, in addition to vowels and consonants. It is expected that the lecturer often guides students’ pronunciation based on the point and the manner of articulation and improve if they are not able to.
The Implementation of Mobile Seamless Learning Strategy in Mastering Students' Concepts for Elementary School
Authors: HAMID Abdulloh , SETYOSARİ Punaji , ULFA Saida , KUSWANDİ Dedi
Published: December 2019

Implementation of the Mobile Seamless Learning
Strategy at SDU Bumi Kartini has a significant influence on students' concept
mastery ability, Mobile seamless learning also has advantages 1) students are
able to learn unlimited classrooms and time, 2) students can learn anytime and
anywhere, 3) integrated learning between formal education and non-formal
education, 4) students are digital native so they are very familiar with the
world of mobile phones, 5) students can learn both personally and socially, 6)
students are able to learn both digitally and physically. The research conducted
at Bumi Kartini Elementary School in Jepara Central Java Indonesia, This is
quantitative research conducted using a quasi-experimental whit non-equivalent
control group. The participants are student IV class (Makkah, Jeddah, Medina,
Yunani) Subject were selected by classing cluster random sampling.
The Effect of Project-based Collaborative Learning and Social Skills on Learning Outcomes in Biology Learning
Authors: SUKMAWATİ Fatma , SETYOSARİ Punaji , SULTON Sulton , PURNOMO Purnomo
Published: December 2019

This research aims to examine
the effect of
Project-based Collaborative Learning (PBCL) strategy
on conceptual understanding and application of
biology for students with different social skills. The research design used a
quasi-experimental design of a non-equivalent control group. The
population in this study was all 11th-grade students at Al-Abidin Surakarta high school. Seventy-five
students were taken as the research subjects
and divided into two groups, 38 students in the experimental class with PBCL
implementation and 37 ones in the control class with Collaborative Learning
(CL) strategically. Sampling
technique using cluster random sampling. The instruments used
a questionnaire of social skills developed by Tapia-Gutierrez & Delgado (2015) and a test instrument of multiple
choice and essay for conceptual understanding and concept application. The data
were analyzed using Multivariate Analysis Of
Variance. Based on the results of the research,
all significance values 0.00<0.05. The
result shows that a significant difference in both strategies PBCL & CL towards either conceptual understanding
or concept application exists. In addition, a significant difference in social
skills towards either conceptual understanding or concept application appears.
The interaction effect between those strategies and social skills towards
conceptual understanding and concept application was found.
ChroPack - Protein A v1
Authors: Ehl Alexandra , Frommholz David , Stefanczyk Nadine
Published: December 2019

Purification Guide for the Isolation of Antibodies with ChroPack Columns by DALEX Biotech. With ChroPack Protein A columns you can quickly isolate monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies from various sample materials. Antibodies bind with high specificity to the recombinant protein A whose BSA binding site has been removed. The ChroPack columns can be operated with peristaltic pumps and common FPLC systems. The Luer-Lock connections make changing the column particularly easy. One-time autoclavable with DALEX stabilizer for Protein A. Each ml bed volume has a binding capacity of > 10 mg (tested with polyclonal human Ig, the binding capacity varies according to species and clones). Up to 98 % purity in a single purification step. No swelling/shrinking of the matrix in aqueous buffers. High thermal stability, up to 15 minutes at 80 °C in aqueous buffers with neutral pH. pH stability: short-term pH 2 - 8, long-term pH 3 - 8. Suitable for all common low-pressure systems.
Effective and efficient cytoskeleton (actin and microtubules) fluorescence staining of adherent eukaryotic cells v1
Authors: Brown Matthew
Published: December 2019

Eukaryotic microbes, protists, are highly diverse organisms with complex cytoskeletal elements used for movement consisting mostly of actin-myosin and microtubules. In order to visualize the cytoskeletal elements researchers may take a microscopical approach based on immunocytochemistry. Presented here is an efficient and effective for staining and visualizing actin microfilaments stained with phalloidin, nuclei stained with Hoechst 33342, and microtubules labeled using an alpha tubulin antibody. This protocol was developed for amoeboid protists, but will likely work on other adherent eukaryotic cells. Protocol is adapted from the following citations.
HuBMAP - Tissue Sectioning for CODEX Specimens v1
Authors: Propper Leigh , Jorgensen Marda
Published: December 2019

This method details our microtomy (sectioning) process for research specimens involved with CODEX diagnostics. This process follows the CODEX microtomy steps that follow after receiving, processing, and embedding of research specimens into formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissue blocks. For best results, the tissue should be devoid of folds and tears. It is critical to meet the exact measurements of 1cm x 1 cm, and be no more than a thickness of 10 µm due to the the auto-focusing capabilities of the microscope. FFPE tissues for CODEX® analysis must sectioned onto poly-lysine coated coverslips. These tissue sections can be stored at 4° C for up to one(1) month prior to staining.
Lactophenol-aniline blue solution v1
Authors: Sweigart Andrea
Published: December 2019

Lactophenol-aniline blue recipe
MULTICULTURALISM BY CONRAD-EMIGRANT
Authors: Tkachuk Olena
Published: December 2019

The article is devoted to the problem of the multiculturalism by Joseph Conrad, the English writer and the world classic of the 20th century, who, due to the preservation of his Polish national-cultural identity, and by estrangement from this identity in his artistic consciousness, was able to influence the intellectual and artistic atmosphere in England of his times. In this way, the Polish identity became a background for Conrad’s artistic creativity, and at the same time, universal values and criteria were the key to the successful acculturation in English society in its one of the most effective strategies – the integration strategy. In this case Conrad acquired another national-cultural identity, English, – while retaining his native, Polish. Undoubtedly, one of the most important issues touched by almost all researchers is his arrival in English literature, a Pole in origin, who only arrived in England in the twenty-first year, actually emigrating, and for a very short time becaming a venerable writer. It should be noted that, taking into account the peculiarities of English mentality, the task was rather uneasy. All this undoubtedly led to the development of a variety of approaches to understanding the creative personality and rich heritage of Joseph Conrad. Foreign literary and critical academic circles, which introduced the concept of «new English literature» (meaning the post-colonial period), do not take into account such figures of the English literary process as Joseph Conrad, whose work falls out of its chronological framework, and indicates that multicultural literature appeared on the approaches to the twentieth century. However, only nowadays it was possible that such an approach was based on the principles of multiculturalism, that is, the phenomenon justified in the 90s of the XX century, although, as the majority of scholars testify, it existed for a long time in cultural studies, literary criticism, art history and philosophy. We have chosen this approach. The research is devoted to the study of the problems of national-cultural identity by Joseph Conrad, as well as the mechanism of his acculturation in the conditions of emigration.
“LONELY TRAVELLER...” BY V. DOMONTOVYCH IN THE LIGHT OF PHILOSOPHY OF EXISTENTIALISM
Authors: Khorob Marta
Published: December 2019

The article analyses V. Domontovych’s biographical novel “The lonely traveller is heading along the lonely way” as a fictional specimen of the philosophy of existentialism in the Ukrainian prose of the 40s of the XXth c. that proves the intellectuality of Ukrainian literature.

It is proved that the main statements of this direction in the philosophy of the twentieth century penetrate the entire work from the beginning to its completion at all levels, starting from the concept-headline, the essence of the central hero of the Dutch artist Vincent van Gogh, plot-compositional features, means of shaping, external and internal structure.

Understanding of the work through the prism of this problem is carried out with the help of involvement of relevant considerations of Socrates, Hryhorii Skovoroda (the idea of finding an own place in life – “know yourself”), Albert Camus, Arthur Schopenhauer, and Nikolai Berdyaev (“Sisyphean work” (“The Myth of Sisyphus”) for the sake of establishing oneself ; a comparative description of Van Gogh and Mersot from the story “The Stranger”: the conflict between the person and the society, the problem of “the other”, voluntary “suffering – the highest law of life”, suffering as one of the main existential things, coming/escaping to God, testing yourself by a religion as your destination, disappointment in the voluntary apostolate, etc.), as well as the thoughts of Soren Kierkegaard, Carl Jaspers, Sigmund Freud and Carl Gustav Jung.

The analysis of the work is carried out accordingly in the context of Ukrainian and world literature.
Duplex kidney anomalies and associated pathology: a single centre retrospective review
Authors: Sarma Debanga , Pratihar Sarbartha Kumar , T. P. Rajeev , Barua Sasanka K. , Bagchi Puskal K. , Phukan Mandeep
Published: December 2019

Background: Duplex kidneys are common developmental renal anomaly with an incidence of 1% in healthy adult population.Adult individuals may present as non-functional moiety, calculus disease or an incidental finding. Duplex kidney is defined as a renal unit comprised of two pelvicalyceal systems. Based on the degree of fusion, it can present as bifid renal pelvis, partial ureteric duplication (Y-shaped ureter), incomplete ureteric duplication with ureters joining near or in bladder wall (V-shaped ureter) and complete ureteric duplication with separate ureteric orifices. The purpose of this study is to retrospectively review the various duplex kidney anomalies and associated pathology.Methods: This is a retrospective study, performed at Department of Urology, Gauhati Medical College Hospital, a tertiary centre, from September, 2018 to August, 2019. Preoperative imaging, plain intravenous urography or computed tomography intravenous urography was done.Results: 29 patients were diagnosed with variants of duplex kidney anomaly. It includes right side, left side and bilateral anomalies. Among all the patients 4 had incidental findings. 16 patients had associated renal or ureteral calculus. 5 patients had associated ureteropelvic junction obstruction while 1 patient had ureterovesical junction stricture. We found single patient in each group of duplex kidney anomaly associated with non-functional moiety with renal cell carcinoma, ureterocele with urothelial malignancy and horseshoe kidney with ureteropelvic junction obstruction respectively.Conclusions: Duplex kidney anomaly in most individuals is of no clinical significance. High index of suspicion along with good quality imaging can accurately detect specific anomaly and associated condition.
Short term results of modular bipolar hemiarthroplasty for the treatment of neglected trochanteric femur fracture in the elderly
Authors: Bhat Towseef Ahmad , Ali Zameer , Sehgal Manik
Published: December 2019

Background: In rural India because of native practitioner culture people tend to neglect orthopaedic injuries and often present late to the hospitals. Bipolar hemiarthroplasty for neglected intertrochanteric fractures of the femur in the elderly yields good clinical results in terms of early postoperative ambulation. This will have a direct effect on the general condition and postoperative rehabilitation.

Methods: Sixteen patients with proximal extracapsular femoral fractures presented average 10.4 weeks late from the day of injury, were treated with modular bipolar hemiarthroplasty. There were 11 men and 5 women, with mean age of 72.8 years (range: 65–83 years). Primary cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty was performed using the Hardinge lateral approach in a lateral decubitus position. Harris hip score was used for the clinical evaluation of the patients.

Results: Clinically, the Harris hip score at the last follow-up ranged from 92 to 59, with a mean value of 81.7. Postoperative radiographs showed a good position in all patients. 1 patient developed complication during cementing and 1 case came with dislocation. No case of infection, acetabular erosion, periprostheic fracture or implant loosening was reported in this study.

Conclusions: Primary cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty is a good choice in elderly patients with neglected intertrochanteric fractures of the femur.
Abnormal FHIT gene transcript and c-myc and c-erbB2 amplification in breast cancer.
Authors: Kowara Renata , Gołebiowski Filip , Chrzan Paweł , Skokowski Jaroslaw , Karmolinski Andrzej , Pawełczyk Tadeusz
Published: December 2019

Searching for ways to improve the characterization of breast cancer we examined the relationship between the status of the FHIT gene transcript and amplification of c-myc and the c-erbB2 oncogene. Abnormal FHIT transcript was detected in 32 of 79 cancers examined. The presence of Fhit protein estimated by Western blots was evident only in cancers exhibiting a normal-sized FHIT transcript. This indicates that abnormal FHIT transcripts observed in our study did not encode any Fhit protein or the amount of such protein was very low. There was no association between the presence of aberrant FHIT gene transcript with age, tumor size, estrogen and progesterone receptor status, local metastases and histological grading. However, the abnormalities in FHIT gene transcripts were observed with different frequency depending on the histopathological type of the tumor. The aberrant FHIT transcript was detected in 60% of lobular cancers and only in 28% of ductal cancers. Analyzing the occurrence of c-myc and c-erbB2 amplification and the presence of aberrant FHIT gene transcripts we found that the aberrant FHIT transcript more frequently occurred in tissues with c-myc amplification. There was a significant (P < 0.05) correlation between the occurrence of the aberrant FHIT gene transcript with accompanying c-myc amplification and positive lymph node status. However, in order to evaluate the predictive value of these findings in breast cancer, an extended clinical follow up will be necessary.
Analysis of mutations in the p16/CDKN2A gene in sporadic and familial melanoma in the Polish population.
Authors: Lamperska Katarzyna , Karezewska Aldona , Kwiatkowska Eliza , Mackiewicz Andrzej
Published: December 2019

Mutations in CDKN2A have been found in sporadic cutaneous malignant (CMM), in familial CMM and in other syndromes associated with melanoma. In this study DNA was obtained from 207 individuals and five cell lines. There were 157 CMM patients and 50 healthy members of melanoma patients families. The CMM group included patients with one or two melanoma cases in the family, families with dysplastic nevus syndrom (DNS) and patients with a spectrum of other types of cancers in the family. PCR-SSCP analysis and sequencing identified: six substitutions in codon 58 CGA/TGA (Arg/Stop), 16 substitutions GAC/GAT in codon 84 (Asp/Asp), six substitutions CGA/TGA in codon 148 (Arg/Thr), 14 substitutions G/C in 3'UTR and 4 double changes (two in codon 84 and 3'UTR; two in codon 148 and 3'UTR). The mutation identified in codon 58 was found in tissue only. Other substitutions were polymorphisms found in DNA from tissue and blood samples. Most of them were identified in sporadic CMM (six in codon 148 Ala/Thr, 12 in codon 84 Asp/Asp and six in 3'UTR). The frequency of the polymorphisms was also high in DNS and CMM/DNS families (four in codon 84 Asp/Asp and six in 3'UTR). No mutations or polymorphisms were found in CMM patients with one or two melanoma cases and CMM patients, with other cancers in family history. The analysis of the CDKN2A gene mutations in the Polish population demonstrated: (i) no germline mutations; (ii) a relatively high number of genetic changes in sporadic melanoma; (iii) a high number of polymorphisms in DNS and CMM/DNS families.
Sulfamide antifolates inhibiting thymidylate synthase: synthesis, enzyme inhibition and cytotoxicity.
Authors: Pawełczak Krzysztof , Makowski Maciej , Kempny Michał , Dzik Jolanta M , Gołos Barbara , Rode Wojciech , Rzeszotarska Barbara
Published: December 2019

Synthesis and biological evaluation are described of seven new analogues (3-9) of two potent thymidylate synthase inhibitors, 10-propargyl-5,8-dideazafolate (1) and its 2-methyl-2-deamino congener ICI 198583 (2). While the new compunds 3 and 4 were analogues of 1 and 2, respectively, containing a p-aminobenzenesulfonyl residue in place of the p-aminobenzoic acid residue, the remaining 5 new compounds were analogues of 4 with the L-glutamic acid residue replaced by glycine (5), L-valine (6), L-alanine (7), L-phenylglycine (8) or L-norvaline (9). The new analogues were tested as inhibitors of thymidylate synthases isolated from tumour (Ehrlich carcinoma), parasite (Hymenolepis diminuta) and normal tissue (regenerating rat liver) and found to be weaker inhibitors than the parent 10-propargyl-5,8-dideazafolic acid. Selected new analogues, tested as inhibitors of growth of mouse leukemia L 5178Y cells, were less potent than the parent 10-propargyl-5,8-dideazafolic acid. Substitution of the glutamyl residue in compound 4 with L-norvaline (9) resulted in only a 5-fold stronger thymidylate synthase inhibitor, but a 40-fold weaker cell growth inhibitor.
Molecular cloning and sequencing of partial cDNA of tumor necrosis factor and p75 tumor necrosis factor receptor of Syrian golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) with the use of universal primers.
Authors: Dobrzańska Zuzanna , Wieckiewicz Joanna , Bigda Jacek
Published: December 2019

In this study we cloned and analysed partial cDNA of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and p75 TNF-R receptor of Syrian golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus). We obtained a 382-bp sequence of TNF and a 148-bp sequence coding for p75 TNF-R. The primers used for the cloning were designed on the basis of inter-species homology, thus presumably can be used for cloning and analysis of TNF and p75 TNF-R genes of other mammals.
A comparison between the crystal and solution structures of Escherichia coli asparaginase II.
Authors: Kozak Maciej , Jurga Stefan
Published: December 2019

The small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) pattern of the homotetrameric asparaginase II from Escherichia coli was measured in solution in conditions resembling those in which its crystal form was obtained and compared with that calculated from the crystallographic model. The radius of gyration measured by SAXS is about 5% larger and the maximum dimension in the distance distribution function about 12% larger than the corresponding value calculated from the crystal structure. A comparison of the experimental and calculated distance distribution functions suggests that the overall quaternary structure in the crystal and in solution are similar but that the homotetramer is less compact in solution than in the crystal.
Lymphocyte labile iron pool, plasma iron, transferrin saturation and ferritin levels in colon cancer patients.
Authors: Gackowski Daniel , Kruszewsk Marcin , Banaszkiewicz Zbigniew , Jawien Arkadiusz , Olinski Ryszard
Published: December 2019

Patients with colorectal carcinoma showed statistically significant lower values of transferrin saturation, total iron binding capacity and serum iron level as compared with control group, while the level of ferritin and the size of labile iron pool in carcinoma patients were higher, although this difference was not statistically significant. Our observations are in favour of the hypothesis which suggests that changes in iron metabolism restrict iron availability for tumour cells and as consequence, slow their growth.
Aportes de las fundaciones AFE al desarrollo territorial y a los ODS
Authors: Cubillos Nieto John
Published: December 2019

El presente artículo aborda la responsabi­lidad social empresarial desde las 72 fundacio­nes de la Asociación de Fundaciones Empresa­riales (AFE) y el análisis de tres componentes: 1) las zonas de inversión social de las fundaciones AFE y los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible; 2) las áreas de trabajo de los proyectos de las fun­daciones AFE y los tres pilares y seis objetivos del Plan Nacional de Desarrollo 2014-2018; 3) la convergencia de las áreas de trabajo de los proyectos de las fundaciones AFE con los objeti­vos de desarrollo sostenible. Las discusiones de este artículo son el resultado de la triangulación y el análisis de información de las fundaciones AFE, recolectada para los tres componentes mediante cuatro instrumentos: 1) una matriz de caracterización de sus 72 fundaciones; 2) una matriz de 790 proyectos ejecutados por ellas entre 2015-2018; 3) veinte entrevistas realizadas a directivos de las fundaciones AFE y stakeholders considerados relevantes para la investigación; 4) una encuesta online aplicada a las 72 fundaciones AFE con 40 respuestas.
Simulating the dynamics of vibration drilling featuring chip control driven by peak-to-peak vibration displacement
Authors: Pleshcheev I.I. , Voronov S.A. , Ivanov I.I.
Published: December 2019

Chip control is one of the most important problems in deep hole machining. A special self-vibratory drilling head may be used to implement chip control. However, chip control via a self-vibratory head is only possible for specific manufacturing parameters, which limits the use of this method. This paper presents an algorithm for adaptive control of vibration drilling dynamics intended to facilitate chip control and driven by peak-to-peak vibration displacement. We provide a mathematical model of drilling using a self-vibratory head, taking into account the facts that the cutting force is a non-linear function of the chip thickness and that there is additional non-linearity introduced when the drill is exiting the material. In order to validate the efficiency of the algorithm proposed, we performed numerical simulations for a wide range of variable processing parameters. The simulation results obtained confirm that the strategy proposed is efficient for chip control.
Precarious Work of English Language Teaching in Canada
Authors: Breshears Sherry
Published: December 2019

This article draws from the concept of precarious employment to better understand the working conditions of teachers of adult English as an additional language (EAL) learners in Canada. I examine previously published research on the employment situations of this group of educators, drawing from data that have been gathered using interviews and surveys with teachers of adult English language and literacy learners over the past two decades. The findings of the review suggest that precarious employment in the form of part-time and temporary work, low wages, unpaid work hours, and multiple job holding is pervasive in this sector and that such conditions have persisted for decades. I propose that approaches developed in labour studies can assist in generating a better understanding of the ways that work insecurity affects these teachers’ lives and pedagogical practices and suggest directions for further research into the intersections of working conditions and quality of education in this field. In particular, I suggest that precarious employment is produced by language and immigration policy frameworks and funding models and is linked to teacher and student identities. The article concludes by considering ways in which stakeholders can challenge employment insecurity and its associated precarity.

Cet article fait appel au concept de la précarité de l’emploi pour mieux faire comprendre les conditions de travail des professeurs d’anglais langue additionnelle (EAL) pour adultes au Canada. J’y jette un regard sur les recherches déjà publiées sur la situation de ce groupe d’éducatrices et d’éducateurs en matière d’emploi en m’appuyant sur des données obtenues dans le cadre d’entrevues et de sondages réalisés au cours des deux dernières décennies auprès de professeurs d’anglais langue seconde pour adultes et d’étudiantes et étudiants en alphabétisation. Les conclusions de cet examen indiquent que la précarité de l’emploi, qu’elle se décline sous forme de travail à temps partiel ou temporaire, de faibles salaires, d’heures de travail non rémunérées ou de cumul d’emplois, est omniprésente dans ce secteur, et que ce sont là des conditions qui persistent depuis des décennies. Je mets en avant que les approches développées dans le domaine des relations de travail peuvent nous aider à mieux comprendre les façons dont une telle insécurité d’emploi affecte la vie et les pratiques pédagogiques de ces enseignantes et enseignants, et ce, en suggérant des orientations pour des recherches plus poussées sur les points de rencontre entre les conditions de travail et la qualité de l’enseignement dans ce domaine. Je suggère en particulier que la précarité de l’emploi est le résultat des cadres de politique et des modes de financement en matière de langue et d’immigration et qu’elle est liée aux identités des enseignants et des étudiants. L’article se termine sur un examen des façons dont les intervenants peuvent remettre en cause l’insécurité d’emploi et la précarité qui lui est associée.