bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A TRADIÇÃO CONSTITUCIONAL DO COMMON LAW. NOTAS INTRODUTÓRIAS E CONTRIBUIÇÃO HISTÓRICA À COMPREENSÃO DA DOUTRINA DO PRECEDENTE.
Authors: Godoy Arnaldo Sampaio de Moraes , Santos Julio Edstron Secundino , Tesolin Juliana Daher Delfino
Published: January 2021

A experiência constitucional brasileira vem refletindo arranjos institucionais de outras experiências políticas e jurídicos, que objetivamente variam de acordo com níveis históricos de influência. Constatou-se alguma autoridade do constitucionalismo francês e espanhol nas discussões da Assembleia Nacional Constituinte em 1824. O período republicano iniciou-se com fortíssima influência do constitucionalismo norte-americano, especialmente no contexto da obra e da preponderância de Rui Barbosa no ambiente político da época. Nossos arranjos centrais (presidencialismo, federalismo, separação de poderes) são de origem norte-americana.
Pembelajaran Daring Dosen Native Tiongkok terhadap Mahasiswa FKIP Universitas Tanjungpura
Authors: Thamrin Lily
Published: January 2021

Pembelajaran daring di masa pandemi Covid-19 ini menjadi sebuah solusi pengganti pembelajaran tatap muka. Untuk itu, tujuan penelitian ini mendeskripsikan proses pembelajaran daring, masalah-masalah dalam pembelajaran daring, dan strategi pembelajaran daring yang diterapkan pada Mata Kuliah Bahasa Mandarin Komprehensif. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode campuran. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik pengamatan, kuesioner, dan wawancara. Adapun responden penelitian ini sebanyak 90 orang yang terdiri dari mahasiswa semester satu, tiga, dan lima Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Mandarin, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Tanjungpura, dan 4 orang dosen native yang berasal dari Tiongkok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dosen native dalam proses pembelajaran daring menggunakan aplikasi Ding Talk dan Tencent (VooV) Meeting. Media pembelajaran yang digunakan seperti komputer, laptop, maupun smartphone serta jaringan internet telah tersedia namun tidak sepenuhnya digunakan dengan maksimal pada proses pembelajaran daring. Sedangkan kendala yang dihadapi selama pembelajaran daring berlangsung adalah masalah jaringan yang digunakan oleh mahasiswa. Jaringan yang digunakan oleh mahasiswa untuk mengikuti pembelajaran daring sangat tidak stabil, mengakibatkan mahasiswa sering keluar masuk di dalam platform pembelajaran daring ini. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan yang terjadi, dosen sering menggunakan strategi tanya jawab untuk mendapatkan timbal-balik dari mahasiswa. Ada pula dosen yang menggunakan waktu luang untuk membimbing secara tersendiri mahasiswa yang dianggap kurang dalam pembelajaran.
تفعيل السياحة الافتراضية كأداة لتنشيط المقاصد السياحية أثناء جائحة كورونا COVID-19 دراسة حالة المملكة العربية السعودية
Authors: كرم النجار أحمد
Published: January 2021

يهدف هذا البحث إلى التعرف على واقع السياحة الافتراضية في السعودية، توضيح دورها كأداة لتنشيط الوجهات والمقاصد السياحية أثناء جائحة كورونا COVID-19. اعتمد البحث على المنهج الوصفي من خلال الدراسات السابقة والأبحاث والكتب والمواقع والتقارير الصادرة عن المنظمة العربية للسياحة والمنظمة العالمية للسياحة. خلصت النتائج إلى أن استخدام تطبيقات السياحة الافتراضية كالواقع الافتراضي أو الواقع المعزز ما زال لم يفعل ضمن المواقع الخاصة بالترويج السياحي للوجهات والمقاصد السياحية. يوصي البحث بضرورة أن التعجل في تطبيق السياحة الافتراضية في مختلف المواقع الحكومية التي تهتم بالترويج السياحي للوجهات والمقاصد السياحية نظراً لأهميتها في ظل جائحة كورونا COVID-19، وأيضاً ما بعد إنتهاء هذه الجائحة؛ تشمل البرامج التدريبية بوزارة السياحة برامج تكنولوجيا الواقع الافتراضي لتدريب كوادر من الشباب السعودي هذه التكنولوجيا للترويج للسياحة الافتراضية.
تأثيرُ ممارساتِ إدارة المواردِ البشريَّةِ على الدّورانِ الوظيفيّ في فنادق الخمس نجومٍ في عمّانَ-الأردن
Authors: مصطفى العجارمه علي , منصور العبابنه مخلص
Published: January 2021

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى الكشف عن تأثيرُ ممارساتِ إدارةِ المواردِ البشريَّةِ على الدّورانِ الوظيفيّ في الفنادق الخمس نجومٍ في عمّانَ- الأردن، حيث اعتمدتْ هذه الدراسةُ على المنهجَ الوصفيَّ الارتباطي في وصفِ طبيعةِ ممارساتِ إدارةِ المواردِ البشريَّةِ في الفنادقِ وكذلك واقعِ الدورانِ الوظيفيّ في الفنادقِ من خلال الاعتماد على الاسلوب الكَمِّيِّ المبني على طريقةِ الاستبيانِ، باستخدامِ مقياسِ ليكارت(Likert Scale) الخماسي والذي يحَدَّدُ درجةُ المُوافقةِ والاختلافِ لعينِّةِ الدراسةِ بخصوصِ مُتغيراتِ الدِّراسةِ، وقد استخدم الباحثون برنامج التحليل الإحصائي (SPSS) لتحليل البيانات المجمعة. تكونت عینة الدراسة من موظفي الفنادق الخمس نجومٍ في عمانَ والبالغ عددها 17 فنادق، لذا قامَ الباحثونُ بتوزيعِ 420 استبياناً على الموظفين في فنادقِ الخمس النجوم باستخدام عينة الملائمة، واسترُجِعَ منها 270 استبياناً بنسبة 64.2% وبعد فحصِ الاستبيانات تبيَّن أنَّ 53 استبياناً كانت غيرَ صالحةٍ للتحليلِ، وعليه فإنَّ عدد الاستبياناتِ الصالحةَ للتحليل كانت217 استبياناً أي بنسبة 51.6% وهي نسبة مقبولة علمياً لاجراء الدراسة. أظهرت نتائج الدراسة الحالية وجود تأثير بسيط لممارسات إدارة الموارد البشرية على الدوران الوظيفي في فنادق الخمس نجوم في عمان، وهذا يدل على أن ممارسات إدارة الموارد البشرية تفسر نسبة بسيطة من دوافع ترك العمل لدى الموظفين في هذه الفنادق. وبالتالي فان النسبة الأكبر تعود لأثر عوامل أخرى. أوصت الدراسة بضرورة العمل على إيجاد وسائل موضوعية لاختيار الموظفين لضمان السيطرة على أهم متغيرات الدوران الوظيفي في الفنادق الخمس نجوم في عمان. وكذلك الاهتمام بالتعويضات والحوافز المقدمة للموظفين لتقليل حجم الدوران الوظيفي. وإجراء دراسات حول مدى رضا العاملين عن إجراءات تنفيذ العمل وما هي أبرز العوامل الداخلية والخارجية التي تؤدي إلى زيادة رغبتهم بترك العمل. ومراعاة أصحاب الكفاءات والخبرات الكبيرة، في عملية التقييم وتقديم الحوافز المناسبة لهم حتى لا يضطر الموظفون إلى ترك العمل وخسارتهم وبالتالي ينعكس هذا سلباً على أداء الفندق. وبالتالي إجراء المزید من الدراسات للتعرف إلى تأثيرُ ممارساتِ إدارةِ المواردِ البشريَّةِ على الدّورانِ الوظيفي بابعاد اخرىّ.
Employee attitude and customer satisfaction in selected hotels in Kampala, Uganda
Authors: Jowalie Wampande Ahmed , K. Osunsan Olutayo
Published: January 2021

This study adopted a cross sectional survey design to investigate the effect of employee attitude on customer satisfaction in selected hotels in Kampala, Uganda. Using simple random sampling, 179 hotel employees were considered in the study. The findings revealed that employee attitude was generally poor ((mean = 1.09), while customer satisfaction was at moderate (mean = 1.89) levels. The study also revealed a significant positive relationship between employee attitude and customer satisfaction among the selected hotel employees (R2=0.558, P<0.05). The conclusion drawn was that employee attitude was a suitable predictor of customer satisfaction in the selected hotels. The recommendation was given that then owners and hotel management have to focus on facilitating employee development, engagement and empowerment to enable them develop a more positive attitude towards their job.
FORMATION OF AGRICULTURAL STUDENTS’ SELF-EDUCATIONAL COMPETENCE
Authors:   Ph.D in Pedagogy, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of Primary Education Department, Mykhailo Kotsyubynskyi Vinnytsia State Pedagogical University, ОLIINYK Natalia
Published: January 2021

The results of the research on the formation of selfeducational competence of agricultural students with the help of interactive computer technologies are considered . High speed of science development quickly makes knowledge acquired by students in high school obsolete and reveals the urgent need for the formation of selfeducational competence. In conditions of widespread computerization and active use of the latest modern technical developments in everyday life, the use of interactive computer technology seems the most effective and promising direction to form selfeducational competence of university students. We have identified four components of selfeducational competence: knowledge; motivation; activity; communication. In accordance with these components we developed criteria, indicators and tools to determine selfeducational competence formation of university students through interactive computer technology. The pedagogical experi- ment took place from 2017-2019 on the basis of Chernyatyn College of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University. The survey covered 87 students of four faculties, 26 people were in the control group and 61 in the experimental group. To standardize the initial results of diagnostic tests and questionnaires we used percentile. After calculating percentiles for each component of self- educational competence, a table of standardization was composed. Four levels of component formation of selfeducational competence were identified: low, below average, above average and high. The purpose of the formative phase of the experiment was the model testing of selfeducational competence formation of university students through interactive computer technology. It can be concluded that students of control and experimental groups have significant differences caused not only by random factors but a certain legitimate reason. The reason was the experimental work performance to implement structural and functional models for selfeducational competence formation of university students through interactive computer technology.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE COURSE "INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN PSYCHOLOGY" FOR TRAINING PROFESSIONAL PSYCHOLOGISTS
Authors:   Ph.D in Psychology, Associate Professor of Theoretical and Practical Psychology Department, Lviv Polytechnics National University, VINTIUK Yurii
Published: January 2021

Introduction. Ensuring livelihood in to- day's information society has a number of specific re- quirements for all its members. At present, it is impossible to imagine modern industries, science, education, culture, sports and economics, without the use of computers; they help a person in work, study, research, recreation, etc. Therefore, characteristic of the current stage of develop- ment of society – the formation of the information society – is the widespread introduction of computer technology in all spheres of human life, including in the training of spe- cialists in various specialties, practical psychologists in particular. But, as the experience of practical activity in this field shows, it is computer technologies that open up fundamentally new opportunities and, as a result, have gained recognition and spread in the developed countries of the world, are extremely little used by domestic psy- chologists. Purpose. Consider the possibility of using information technology in the work of professional psychologists; develop a program of specialized training for the training of future psychologists. Methods. Analysis, synthesis, systematization, speci- fication, generalization. Results. As a result of the research, the training course "Information Technologies in Psychology" was concluded, which is intended for students studying in the 3rd year in the specialty "Psychology" at the National University "Lviv Polytechnic" Originality. The original is the adaptation of knowledge about modern information technology for the training and professional activities of practical psycholo- gists. Conclution. 1. Modern computer technology provides ample opportunities in all areas of human activity, some of which can be used in the training of future professional psychologists. 2. Their application provides new opportu- nities for employees of psychological services in various institutions, allows to implement previously unavailable techniques, which expands the range of services provided and improves the level of customer satisfaction. 3. The use of modern computer technology allows a practical psychologist to rise to a new, higher level of professional- ism, in almost all activities.
FUTURE INFORMATICS TEACHERS’ READINESS TO USE EDUCATIONAL WEB-RESOURCES: COMPONENT ANALYSIS
Authors:   Postgraduate Student, Pavlo Tychyna Uman State Pedagogical University, SHULIAK Andrii
Published: January 2021

Introduction. The article analyzes the component composition of the preparation of future IT teachers to use educational WEB-resources in profession- al activities. Purpose. The article is to identify the components of the preparation of future IT teachers to use educational WEB-resources in professional activities. Methods. Analysis of scientific sources on the research problem. Results. We defined the functions of components: mo- tivation and value – activation of manifestation of other components, cognitive-semantic – providing measures of the use of resource possibilities concerning other compo- nents for achievement - definition of relations between components in the course of realization of resource poten- tial in space and time. We found out that the indicator of the motivational and value component is the awareness of the importance of informatization in education; cognitive interest in web technologies, ways of forming information culture of students; stability of beliefs and the need to use web-resources; interest and need to use information tools, management of the process of using WEB-resources in school; the presence of motives, interests, needs and value orientations (values-guidelines, values-goals, val- ues-relationships, values-quality, values-means) for the use of WEB-resources in professional activities; necessary qualities and personality traits; cognitive-semantic: the presence of the necessary volume and completeness of general cultural, general professional, professional, special knowledge of WEB-resources, methods of their use, the level of theoretical knowledge on the informatization in education and methods of their application; operational- practical: the presence of a set of skills necessary for the successful use of WEB-resources in professional activities (gnostic, design, constructive, operational, organizational, analytical, research, instrumental, technological, prognos- tic, communicative, reflective) arising from the functions of teachers on the introduction of WEB-resources in the educational process, the ability to adequately assess their activities, the formation of a reflective position, positive self-perception. Originality. The essence of each component of prepa- ration and their indicators are revealed. Conclusion. In the article we singled out the compo- nents of preparation of future IT teachers to use educa- tional WEB-resources in professional activity: motivation and value, cognitive-semantic, and operational-practical. We see the prospect of further research in the design of a methodological program for training future IT teachers to use WEB-resources.
Problem issues of cores thermal-hydraulic calculation for prospective water-cooled reactors with supercritical parameters
Authors:   Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants, NAS of Ukraine, Sharaevsky І. G. , Fіаlkо N. М. ,   Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants, NAS of Ukraine, Nоsоvskyi А. V. , Zimin L. B. , Vlasenko Т. S. , Sharaevsky G. І.
Published: January 2021

The fundamental thermophysical features of the heat exchange process between the heated wall of a vertical channel and the light-water coolant of supercritical parameters concerning the conditions of heat-generating assemblies channels and cores of perspective energy nuclear reactors are considered. The available methods and recommendations for determining the limits of thermal load are analyzed. It is a guarantee the absence of the characteristic dangerous mode possibility of deteriorated heat exchange in these conditions and corresponding sharp rise in the channels wall temperature, which threatens their destruction. The physical nature of the occurrence of degraded heat transfer regimes remains unclear, and the existing approaches to the implementation of thermohydraulic calculation in such conditions are not sufficiently justified. The complex nature of intercellular heat and mass transfer in the fuel assembly and the presence of individual thermohydraulic cells with reduced levels of heat transfer intensity indicate that the existing method of determining the area of degraded heat transfer in the reactor core channels with supercritical parameters of the coolant is significantly simplified. Insufficient data and research results have been revealed to create adequate methods of heat-hydraulic calculation, suitable for taking into account the peculiarities of the heat transfer process complex flow under conditions of supercritical parameters of the coolant. The application of such methods should be the basis for ensuring the safe operation of prospective reactors and minimizing potential losses of a different nature from accidents caused by the destruction of cores through unacceptable heat transfer modes. To this end, the main direction of further research is identified.
Analysis of the thermal stress state of the flange connections elements of the emergency cooling heat exchangers during accidents of the WWER-1000 nuclear installation
Authors:   SE “State Scientific Engineering Center for Control System and Emergency Response”, Pyrohov T. V. , Korolev A. V. ,   Odessa National Polytechnic University
Published: January 2021

During the assessment of the static strength of the flange connections elements Dn2130 and Dn2080 of the emergency cooling heat exchangers 08.8111.335 SB (TOAR), it was found that there is an excess of the allowable stress values. These calculations of static strength performed using the finite element method (FEM). The analysis of the static strength of the flange joints was performed taking into account the design values of the tightening of the studs, equal to 22,527 kgf and 8,836 kgf, accordingly. At the same time, one of the main purposes of heat exchangers TOAR nuclear installation (NI) WWER-1000 is the work until accidents. The analysis of accidents of NI WWER-1000 showed that the largest values of change of parameters of environments in heat exchangers of TOAR correspond to accident “LOCA: Bilateral rupture of MCT”. Based on this, we considered the thermal stress state of heat exchangers for this accident. To determine the thermal stress state of the TOAR heat exchanger elements, during accidents of the nuclear installation, strength calculations were performed in the non-stationary formulation of the problem. One of the boundary conditions for these strength calculations is the distribution of temperatures along the thickness and length of the walls of the elements of the heat exchanger, which changes over time. Numerical thermohydraulic calculations were performed to determine these boundary conditions. In the article for the first time the results of calculations of thermal stress state of separate elements of heat exchangers TOAR, for work of heat exchangers during accidents of nuclear installation are received. It is established that the elements of the flange connection Dn2130 are one of the most critical elements of TOAR heat exchangers. To determine the thermal stress state of the heat exchanger elements, analytical thermal calculations, numerical thermohydraulic and strength calculations were performed using the FEM method. As a result of the analysis of the performed strength calculations, it was concluded that it is necessary to reduce the tightening value of the flanges of the flange connection Dn2130 to 14600 kgf.
Investigation of the processes of organic components ozonolysis of liquid radioactive waste model solutions of VVER reactors
Authors:   SI “Institute of Environmental Geochemistry of NAS of Ukraine”, Yaroshenko K. K. , Shabalin B. G. ,   SI “Institute of Environmental Geochemistry of NAS of Ukraine”, Bondarenko G. M. ,   SI “Institute of Environmental Geochemistry of NAS of Ukraine”
Published: January 2021

The article highlights the problem of reprocessing of liquid radioactive waste (LRW) from the Ukrainian nuclear power plants with VVER reactors. The main method of these LRW treatment is distillation (evaporation) and ion exchange sorption. The final products of LRW processing by distillation are distillation residues, spent sorbents and sludges, and salt melt with significant radioactivity accumulated in large volumes, which do not meet the long-term storage and disposal criteria. So, it is necessary to develop a new, more efficient LRW treatment scheme that can solve the problems of large volumes of LRW and transfer waste to a state suitable for long-term storage and disposal. One of the important and challenging problems of LRW treatment is the presence of organic components (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), oxalic acid, synthetic surfactants (SPAR) in the waste, since these substances complicate removal of radionuclides from the LRW. The results of investigation of ozonolysis conditions of LRW organic components are presented on the example of a model solution with imitated solutions of disodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and ethane diacid. It was established, that ozonation of organic components of LRW results in decreasing of pH value, which causes reduction of their destruction efficiency. Control of the pH values at the initial level (11−12 units) by permanent alkalifying can increase the ozonolysis efficiency of LRW organic components in 30%. EDTA is better destructed by ozone than ethane diacid. Destruction of LRW organic components progresses in two stages: the first is fast and second is low. The maximum of EDTA destruction degree, in the experimental conditions, was 86%; destruction degree of ethane diacid — 51%; maximum of LRW model solution organic components (EDTA, ethane diacid, synthetic surface-active reagent) destruction degree was 67%. Due to co-precipitation and adsorption during the solution ozonizing, decrease in Mn concentration in LRW model solution reaches 94.3%, 137Cs activity decreases by 26%, and 90Sr — 15.7%, concentration of Co decreases only by 6%.
Measuring the equivalent dose rate over the Shelter object after completion of the New Safe Confinement
Authors:   Institute of Mathematical Machines and Systems Problems, NAS of Ukraine, Saveliev M. V. ,   Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants, NAS of Ukraine, Krasnov V. A. ,   Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants, NAS of Ukraine, Levchenko A. P. ,   Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants, NAS of Ukraine, Novikov A. E. ,   State Specialized Enterprise “Chornobyl NPP”, Evstigneev A. Y. ,   State Specialized Enterprise “Chornobyl NPP”, Pantin M. A. ,   LLC “Digital Data Pro”
Published: January 2021

An experiment on measuring the equivalent dose rate over the Shelter object after the completion of the construction of the New Safe Confinement is described. Measurements of the gamma radiation were performed in the time of commissioning of the New Safe Confinement with the help of the sensor installed on its Main Cranes System. The carriage with a sensor was moved by a chaotic trajectory so the method of missing data interpolation was proposed. As a result, a cartogram of the distribution of the gamma field at the level of movement of the bogies of the Main Cranes System of the New Safe Confinement is provided in this paper.
Las indicaciones conforme a ficha técnica de los psicofármacos prescritos en psiquiatría del niño y del adolescente. Revisión, actualización, uso “fuera de ficha” y consideraciones legales
Authors: Dualde Beltrán F.
Published: January 2021

La prescripción de medicamentos autorizados para su utilización en condiciones distintas a las autorizadas, coloquialmente conocida como prescripción “fuera de ficha técnica” es una práctica habitual en psiquiatría del niño y del adolescente. Dicha práctica tiene consecuencias clínicas y legales tanto para el paciente como para el prescriptor, por lo que es importante tener una información actualizada de las indicaciones aprobadas como del estatus jurídico derivado de esta modalidad de prescripción. Este artículo lleva a cabo una revisión exhaustiva y actualizada de las indicaciones específicas para niños y adolescentes de 112 psicofármacos empleados en psiquiatría, de acuerdo con la información que contienen las 177 fichas técnicas correspondientes de los medicamentos aprobados para su comercialización en España. La prescripción de psicofármacos con indicación fuera de ficha en menores de 18 años es la norma más que la excepción y, requeriría de forma sistemática la obtención del consentimiento informado, según la normativa actual.
Let's protect schools
Authors: Wolniewicz Boguslaw
Published: January 2021

The first Ukrainian translation of the text by Boguslaw Wolniewicz " Let's protect schools".

Boguslaw Wolniewich (1927-2017) is a new figure in Ukrainian information space. This Warsaw professor and visiting professor at a number of leading American and European universities, a member of the International Wittgenstein Society, also known for his journalistic activities, including appearances in the press, radio and television, and lectures on YouTube where he became a real star of the Internet.

The main areas of his thought were logic, metaphysics, ethics, philosophy of religion and philosophy of law, but he gained the most recognition as the creator of the ontology of the situation, as translator and commentator of Ludwig Wittgenstein, as well as a critic of freudianism, phenomenology, postmodernism, marxism and religious fundamentalism.

In his opinion, school reform cannot destroy the authority of a teacher – even for the sake of introducing the latest foreign educational models. Wolniewicz defends the ideals of the classical school, which should give students scientifically sound knowledge, not just practical recipes for survival in society. He emphasizes that the main task of the school is education, and education can appear in it only as a valuable by-product – as doping. The school educates only through learning: through its content, its level, its requirements and its appropriate organization. Wolniewicz warns against the dominance of bureaucracy in the school, and sees the mission of the state in ensuring educational autonomy. A school should not be a profit-oriented institution or a means of building the personal career of an official.
Multipotentials in educational discourse
Authors: Prepotenska Maryna Petrovna
Published: January 2021

While responding to the challenges of globalization, the system of modern education often reduces the range of humanitarian disciplines, forming utilitarian programs in universities, but at the same time preserves such a vestige of the past as the priority of the academic format over the heuristic one. At the same time, the global world, a multiplex of events and opportunities, contributes to the emergence of a special type of a student in the educational discourse – a multipotential (MPL), who is capable of succeeding in several activities at once. The philosophical and methodological key to the reorganization of education within this context may be the idea of ​​a “transversal self” of a student in the dynamics of diversity and creative self-development. In light of the theory of generations and multipotentiality, a balance of academism and new forms of university communication is becoming necessary because in the life of millennials and representatives of generation Z, reality and virtual space, modular thinking and multitasking, the dislike for reading and creativity, and independent judgments merge. Interactive, visual, virtual and performative forms of learning are the most effective solutions for them. Social cataclysms of the beginning of the 21st century also require special stress resistance, emotional intelligence, auto-reflection, and media literacy from participants of the educational process. This actualizes the resources of practical philosophy, psychology, sociology and other humanitarian disciplines for the comprehensive development, awareness and self-regulation of a person. A very constructive educational discourse is the communication of a multi-potential teacher with gifted students. One example can be the scientific and creative activities of Vanya Angelova, a professor at Velikotyrnovsky University. St. Cyril and Methodius, who emphasizes the value of the "return" of the book, the co-creation of teachers and students, and wide international cooperation within the context of the topic of multi-potentials.
Against the Tide. On the Pedagogy of Freedom in Polish Pedagogical Thought
Authors: Sztobryn Slawomir
Published: January 2021

Among the Eastern European countries in the USSR's sphere of influence, Poland enjoyed the greatest freedom, which puts into question the hasty and evaluative assessments of the then educators, describing some of them as being homo sovietus or homo sovietus-like. The situation was very complex and it is in this perspective where one should undertake research on the past, 20th century pedagogical thought. Regardless of how ideologized Polish education was, it should be noted that many scholars who shaped their theoretical concepts in free, pre-war Poland opposed the promotion of Stalinism in science and education. At the time, the church played a certain positive role in this struggle, which also has to be recognized as a sham of opportunism. The pre-war philosophy of upbringing, particularly deviating from the doctrinal assumptions of Marxism-Leninism, became the main target of the attack, and such outstanding scholars as S. Hessen, B. Nawroczyński, L. Chmaj or K. Sośnicki were subject to harassment on the part of the authorities. The remnant of those times, which still lasts in the present day, is a belief in special value, and sometimes even in the foreground of empirical pedagogy with simultaneous negation of philosophical pedagogy. Meanwhile, it was Hessen who proved that empirical pedagogy - valuable in itself - is a great tool to learn how it is, but silent about how it should be. All teleology, which before the war grew out of philosophical currents (Hessen's neo-Kantism, Lviv-Warsaw school of Nawroczyński and Sośnicki) in the era of primacy of one party was a derivative of its ideology depriving pedagogy of its subjectivity and scientific autonomy. What makes Polish pedagogy of freedom different is the fact of practicing it in historical and philosophical orbit, when we look at it from the substantive side and positive disintegration, when we want to understand it from the personality of its creators.
ENTERING NEW MARKETS BY IMPLEMENTING APPROPRIATE QUALITY STRATEGIES
Authors: Madar Anca
Published: January 2021

"The concept of quality in the contemporary economy, of competition, is specific to man and his activities, defining their place and role. Quality is both a goal and a result, a bar that is reached and exceeded by the quality of the factors that make the design, execution and distribution of products and the provision of services. In this paper, the author was entitled to exemplify how an industrial organization manages to stay in the top of the best companies in the field, by implementing a well-thought-out strategy in the current context, starting from the established quality objectives. "
COMBATING MONEY LAUNDERING – A MANDATORY TOPIC FOR THE PROFESSIONAL ACCOUNTANT
Authors: Ramona Lapteș
Published: January 2021

"In recent years, the European Union has intensified concerns about money laundering and terrorist financing, with direct impact in Romania, too. The 4th and 5th European Directives, drafted in this regard, require the extension of the role and responsibility of the professional accountant (expert accountant or financial auditor) in the complex process of preventing and combating money laundering and terrorist financing. There is a specific regulatory framework, but also several stages that define the money laundering process, which must also be known by professional accountants"
RESPONSIBLE TOURISM PRACTICES IMPLEMENTED BY TOURISM COMPANIES
Authors: Băltescu Codruța Adina
Published: January 2021

"Sustainable development is a key managerial concept for the management decisions of any company or organization. For the tourism industry, the need to assess sustainable development is all the greater, as tourism is inextricably linked to people and places.This article highlights the importance of responsible practices of tourism companies and emphasizes the importance of certifications and awards granted by foreign experts to validate their sustainable behaviour."
AUGMENTED REALITY AND FACIAL RECOGNITION TECHNOLOGIES. BUILDING BRIDGES BETWEEN THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY AND TOURISTS DURING PANDEMIC"
Authors: Ivasciuc Ioana Simona
Published: January 2021

": The huge crisis that the world is facing today, COVID-19 pandemic, reshaped the business-as-usual way of working and planning. The purpose of this research is to identify how emerging new technologies, such as augmented reality and facial recognition, used in AR Media application (FutureSocialWeb Project) can contribute to increasing the competitiveness of tourism companies in the context of COVID. Secondary research methodology was adopted while data were collected through a comprehensive literature review. This review utilized journals, newspaper articles, United Nations World Tourism Organization statistics, up to date governmental data, and website materials on COVID-19 impact over tourism industry. In addition, we used literature review concerning augmented reality and facial recognition technologies to emphasize that the future of tourism around the world is already highly depend on how we forward innovation in the industry. Further on, the article stresses several development opportunities for the AR Media FutureWeb application, to better respond to hospitality industry digitization needs. The results of the study were also approached from a managerial point of view. "
DIGITALIZATION IN EUROPE
Authors: Constantin Sanda
Published: January 2021

"The paper presents some aspects about digitalization in Europe taking into consideration the new pandemic context. Several indicators linked to the topic were chosen for the purpose of this study. The indicators refer to households – level of internet access, individuals’ level of digital skills, employed persons working from home as a percentage of total employment and E-government activities of individuals via websites. The information was analysed with statistical indicators. The result shows that not all the countries of the European Union are prepared to adapt to that new situation."
Appendicitis in Cystic Fibrosis: A Challenging Diagnosis
Authors: Dracea Laura Larisa , Vida Lucian Corneliu , Patran Oana Cristina
Published: January 2021

Cystic fibrosis is the most frequent autosomal recessive chronic disease in Caucasians caused by defects in the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator, that controls chloride and bicarbonate transport through cell membranes. Cystic fibrosis is characterized by limited life expectancy due to multisystemic involvement, morbidity and mortality being influenced by progressive, obstructive lung disease, pancreatic insufficiency and associated comorbidities as diabetes and liver disease. Gastrointestinal complications are common and diagnosis can be challenging. We describe a case report of a young female adolescent with severe lung disease, diabetes and biliary cirrhosis that presented with a pulmonary exacerbation and developed gastrointestinal symptoms dominated by abdominal pain. Diagnosis was challenging, mainly because of associated comorbidities and atypical presentation of gastrointestinal symptoms. Team approach and careful monitoring resulted in successful management of the case.
Toxic effect of poly(hexamethylene guanidine) on diatom algae
Authors: Annenkov V.V. ,   Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Batorskaya Str., 3, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia, Danilovtseva E.N. ,   Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Batorskaya Str., 3, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia, Palshin V.A. ,   Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Batorskaya Str., 3, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia, Avezova T.N. ,   Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Batorskaya Str., 3, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia
Published: January 2021

Poly(hexamethylene guanidine) has been used for several decades as a disinfectant for various surfaces and water, including drinking water. Its use has increased significantly due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The toxicity of poly(hexamethylene guanidine) has been studied on warmblooded animals and fish, but there is little data on its action on planktonic organisms. For the first time the effect of poly(hexamethylene guanidine) (Anavidin preparation) on diatom algae which are one of the main producers of oxygen and photosynthesized organic substances was studied. The obtained data indicate complete suppression of the growth of the diatom Ulnaria ferefusiformis (formerly known as Synedra acus) at a concentration of 0.5 mg/L. Diatom growth is suppressed by more than 30% at 0.1 mg/L Anavidin, which corresponds to the MAC for water bodies for household and domestic use. Addition of polymeric acids, for example, poly(acrylic acid) partially neutralizes the toxic effect of poly(hexamethylene guanidine). Thus, due to the widespread use of poly(hexamethylene guanidine), it is necessary to thoroughly study its effect on various inhabitants of aquatic ecosystems.
CHILD WITH MILLER-DIEKER SYNDROME SURVIVING MORE THAN A DECADE: RARE INSTANCE IN LITERATURE
Authors: Kumar Abhay , Sarkar Avir , Manisha Meena  , Jogender Kumar
Published: January 2021

Miller Dieker Syndrome (MDS) is characterized by abnormal brain development and lissencephaly. As a result, babies have severe intellectual disability, developmental delay, multiple seizures and hypotonia. Characteristic facial features and mental retardation is indicative of a karyotypic evaluation. Microdeletion of chromosome 17p13.3 confirms the diagnosis. Management includes genetic counselling, frequent medical check-up, palliative treatment with physiotherapy and seizure control.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON EFFICACY OF FIXED COMBINATION TIMOLOL/BRINZOLAMIDE VERSUS TRAVOPROST MONO-THERAPY IN DRUG-NAÏVE OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA PATIENTS.
Authors: Rehman Munib ur , Diyal Shahid Mehmood , Mirza Bilal Humayun , Qureshi Iqra , Ullah Muhammad Rizwan
Published: January 2021

Background: Glaucoma is the cause of blindness. Beta blocker and prostaglandins are used as a first line treatment of open angle glaucoma. The exact target with mono therapy for reducing intraocular pressure is achieved within 2 years, so patient prefers fixed dose combination therapy.

Objective: For reducing intraocular pressure efficacy, travoprost mono therapy and timolol/brinzolamide fixed dose combination therapy is compared.

Material and methods: For 3 months, patients are randomly received 0.5% timolol and 0.2% brinzolamide twice daily and travporost once daily 0.004%.Then compared intraocular pressure, pulse rate, blood pressure, and cup disc ratio over 12 weeks of treatment.

Results: 27.99% and 30.49% reduction in intraocular pressure is observed with mono therapy and fixed dose combination respectively. Pulse rate (9beats/min) and systolic pressure reduction by (2.35mmHg) were seen with fixed dose combination but no cup disc ratio observed.

Conclusion: It is proved that 0.5% timolol and 0.2% brinzolamide causes more reduction in intraocular pressure than the 0.004% travporost mono therapy.

Keywords: Glaucoma, travporost and lantoprost
ASSOCIATION OF LOW VITAMIN D WITH PRE ECLAMPSIA
Authors: Tufail Nazia , Shafiq Sadia , Nawaz Qudsia , Bano Nosheen , Bashir Munazzah , Anjum Sumreen
Published: January 2021

Objective: To determine the association of preeclampsia and vitamin D deficiency.

Study design: Cohort study.

Place and duration of study: Gynecology Department, Khwaja Muhammad Safdar Medical College, during 01-07-2018 to 31-12-2018.

Material and Methods: In this study the pregnant females irrespective of their gravida and parity status and having gestational age more than 20 weeks were included. The cases that had vitamin D level lower were labelled as cases and those with normal levels as controls. They these cases were followed monthly until delivery and during this period they were followed for protein urea and BP to label pre eclampsia.

Results: In this study 100 cases were selected. 50 in each group. Mean age in case and control group was 29.57±4.57 vs 28.43±3.79 years and mean duration of gestation at presentation was 26.43±5.11 vs 27.42±5.23 weeks. There were 39 vs 41 multigravida and 37 vs 38 uneducated females in cases and control group respectively. Preeclampsia was seen in 4 (08%) of control and 14 (28%) cases with odd ration of 4.47 (1.35 to 14.75) with p value 0.01.

Conclusion: There is significant association of low vitamin D level and risk of pre eclampsia.

Key words; pre eclampsia, vitamin D, Hypertension.
RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH WORSENING OF ACUTE PANCREATITIS.
Authors: Dhar Neeraj , Shafi Syed Mushfiq , Singh Jaswinder , Gulzar G.M. , Shah Altaf Hussain , Khan Mushtaq Ahmad , Hamid Sajad
Published: January 2021

Background: The aim of the present study was to investigate risk factors for developing more severe pancreatitis, including moderately severe (MSAP) and severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), in patients admitted with mild acute pancreatitis (MAP).

Material/Methods: This was a hospital based retrospective and prospective study conducted in the Department of Gastroentrology, SKIMS Soura,Srinagar, Kashmir for a period of 2 years w.e.f. September 2017 to September 2019  on patients of all age groups with clinical/Laboratory/imaging  findings suggestive of acute pancreatitis. The protocol of the study was approved by the Institutional Ethical Committee. Patients admitted with MAP to our hospital were included and prospectively evaluated. Possible risk factors for developing MSAP or SAP were Evaluated.

Results: Risk factors like BMI >25kg/m2 was observed in 61 (19.3%) patients with mild pancreatitis and 142 (42.5%) patients with moderate to severe pancreatitis. Waist circumference >100cm was observed in 23 (7.3%) and 129 (38.6%) patients of mild and moderate to severe pancreatitis. High blood sugar >200mg/dl was observed in 37 (11.7%) patients with mild pancreatitis and 152 (45.2%) patients with moderate to severe pancreatitis. 27 (8.5%) and 167 (50%) patients of mild and moderate to severe pancreatitis had hematocrit >44 whereas 13 (4.1%) patients with mild pancreatitis and 140 (41.9%) patients with moderate to severe pancreatitis had CRP >150mg/dl.

This table concluded that there is statistically significant association between high BMI >25 Kg/m2, waist circumference >100 cm, high blood sugar >200 mg /dl, hematocrit >44, CRP >150 mg/d and worsening of AP.

Conclusions: Significant risk factors for developing MSAP or SAP in patients admitted with MAP included BMI (≥25 kg/m2), APACHE-II (≥5), and blood glucose level on admission (>11.1 mmol/L). These factors should be used in the prediction of more severe pancreatitis in patients admitted with MAP.

Keywords: Obesity, Pancreatitis, Risk Factors
PHYSICOCHEMICAL STUDY AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS SWARNA MAKSHIKA BHASMA.
Authors: Bhardwaj Rajni , Johar Smita , Kapila Amit , Sharma Amandeep
Published: January 2021

Swarnamakshika is grouped under Updhatu of Swarna and is composed of Copper, Iron and Sulphur. In this study Swarnamakshika was subjected to Shodhana by Bharjana with Nimbuka swarasa and Shudha Swarnamakshika was given Bhavana with Nimbuka swarasa and subjected to Varahaputa. With ten Varahaputa Bhasma Siddhi Lakshanas were attained swarnamakshika Marana was done by using Nimbuka swarasa until bhasma siddi lakshanas found and it took 10 puta till it attained reddish brown color. The X-ray diffraction analysis showed that d-identified peaks after 10th puta Swarnamakshika bhasma composition is of Iron oxide with rhombohedral crystal system as main component. EDX analysis of Swarna makshika bhasma shows that it contains Iron and Oxygen, as major element and Copper, Sulphur, Carbon, Aluminium, Calcium etc. as minor elements. FESEM study revealed that the particle size of Ashudha and Shudha Swarnamakshika was in the range of 500 nm-3nm.

Keywords: Swarnamakshika Bhasma, Nimbuka swarasa, puta
Efficiency of using seeder crops for uncomplacing soil in the technology of cultivation of potato
Authors: Ustroev Anatoliy A. , Murzaev Evgeniy A.
Published: January 2021

Relevance. The formation of the potato yield, along with a balanced diet, is significantly influenced by the physical condition of the soil, namely the hardness of the soil. As a basic option for soil decompaction, a technological method of soil cultivation to a depth of up to 40 cm using chiselless tools is currently used. As an alternative, biological means of soil decompaction can be used by introducing fields occupied by green manure crops into the crop rotation during the entire field season. The purpose of the research is to assess the effectiveness of a new technological method of soil decompaction, which consists in the use of green manure crops in potato crop rotation.

Materials and methods. Experimental studies were carried out from June to August 2019 on the experimental field of the IAEP in the crop rotation of growing organic potatoes. The previous cultivation was autumn plowing of the field from under perennial grasses. Yellow mustard was used as a green manure — a fast-growing one-year green manure crop.

Results. The results of experimental studies of the influence of sowing green manure (yellow mustard) on the change in soil hardness in a fallow field in a potato crop rotation are presented. The high efficiency of the studied biological method of soil decompaction was established, providing a decrease in hardness in the zone where the “plow sole” was previously noted from 4.8 to 2.5 MPa.
Acanthospermum hispidum DC. (Asteraceae) – potential risk of Russian agriculture
Authors: Sukholozova Ekaterina А. , Оrlova Yuliya V. , Кulakova Yuliana J. , Кulakov Vitalij G. , Коzhevnikova Zoya V. , Kurdyukova Elena А.
Published: January 2021

Acanthospermum hispidum DC. is a South American weed with high invasive potential that infects more than 25 major crops. As a result of the research, the phytosanitary status of the species as absent in the territory of the Russian Federation was clarified. The types of regulated products were analyzed and possible ways of A. hispidum penetration into Russia were shown in article.
Effectiveness of a probiotic based on lactic acid bacteria when changing diets in dairy cows
Authors: Podobed Leonid I.
Published: January 2021

Relevance. Single-type feeding of dairy cows has a significant advantage over traditional split ration feeding due to the minimal frequency of changes in the composition of the ration and the higher stability of feeding. However, in the process of such a feeding method, it is still necessary to change the diet composition during the seasonal transition from the last year feed to the current year feed. This change leads to significant feed stress for animals, which negatively affects the intensity and nature of cicatricial digestion, and, consequently , productivity. At the same time, at least 100-150 kg of the annual milk yield of a cow is lost. For this reason, the development of a method for eliminating the inevitable cows' stress during the change of feeding seems relevant.

Methodology. Scientific and economic experience on dairy cows of the first lactation phase was carried out in accordance with generally accepted methods. The biochemical composition of the blood was studied, observations of the ruminatory processes were carried out, the data were processed by modern methods of variation statistics using the EXCEL program.

Results. As a result, it was found that during the transition from one diet composition to another, it is advisable to introduce a probiotic based on lactic acid bacteria into dairy cows diet. The use of a probiotic can be considered as a preventive measure for digestive disorders caused by changes in the composition of the diet. The use of a probiotic helps to stabilize the ruminal processes in cows, which is reflected in an increase in the frequency of cicatricial contractions. Probiotic effect on the intestinal microbial community, increases the immune status of the body by increasing the level of protein, gamma-globulin fractions in its composition, as well as increasing the reserve alkalinity index.