bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Textile Dyeing Wastewater on Growth, Yield and Nutritional Qualities of Indian Spinach
Authors: Khandaker Shahjalal , Hassan Jahidul , Saha Ganesh Chandara , Kamal Mohammad Zia Uddin , Bhuiyan Anamul Hoque
Published: March 2023

The present study was conducted on Indian Spinach irrigated by groundwater (control) and seven different types of textile dyeing wastewater to assess the suitability for further utilization in vegetables cultivation. The impact of dyeing wastewater was assessed regarding the growth, yield and nutritional qualities of Indian Spinach. The different types of dyeing wastewater were analyzed for a wide range of parameters and compared with irrigation water quality standard. The results revealed that pH, biochemical oxygen demand, dissolved oxygen, chloride and color of the mixed wastewater sample (D8) were exceeded the irrigation water quality standards of Department of Environment, Bangladesh while these properties of other wastewater samples were almost within allowable limits. The mixed wastewater was not suitable for irrigation considering the intensity of pollution and yield of Indian Spinach. The average yield of Indian Spinach irrigated with five less polluted wastewater (2 nd wash after scouring and bleaching, enzyme treated wastewater, 2nd wash after dyeing, neutralized wastewater and fixing wastewater) was 58.54 g which was about 28 percent lower than the groundwater irrigated Indian Spinach. However, number of leaves, plant canopy area, stem diameter and plant height did not varied significantly with groundwater treated plant. Nutritional qualities of Indian Spinach irrigated with wastewater were similar to those irrigated by groundwater. The concentration of ascorbic acid in Indian Spinach irrigated with wastewater was found almost identical with groundwater irrigated plants. Chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b of different wastewater treated plants varied from 0.17 to 0.29 mg and 0.05 to 0.08 mg per gm among the treatments respectively while groundwater irrigated Indian Spinach contained in these range. Î² carotene in wastewater irrigated Indian Spinach was also higher than the groundwater irrigated plant. From overall assessment, selected wastewater of a dyeing factory could be directly reutilized in irrigation purpose of vegetables cultivation.
Relationship of Landscape Positions with Soil Properties on Maize Yield in Ultisol
Authors: I.D Edem , O.Edem Stephen , J Ijah Christiana
Published: March 2023

Relationship of landscape position and soil properties to maize (Zea mays L.) yield was studied in coastal plain soils of Akwa Ibom state. The study aimed at assessing the physico-chemical soil attributes down the geomorphic surface as well as assessing the yield of maize in the respective landscape positions. A total of 3600 plant population (hybrid maize) were planted on 0.072ha in a Randomized complete block design. The traditional land preparation technique was employed with slashing of regrowth vegetation with cutlass. The trashes was left on the sites and allowed to dry for three weeks. Preburn soil samples were taken before burning the trashes at the end of three weeks after slashing. The samples collected were analyzed in the laboratory for physico-chemical properties using standard methods. Collected data were statistically analyzed and means of statistically significant parameters were separated using LSD (0.05). The results showed that sand particle of burnt and un-burnt soils were significantly different at 0-15cm of Upper slope (US) but not significantly different in other landscape positions (p<0.05). Soil pH in burnt soil was significantly different from the un-burnt soil (both at surface and sub surface) in the three landscape positions. Mean maize yields (with husk) was 0.09 and 0.11kg/ha before and after burning plots of US ; 0.12 and 0.16kg/ha in before and after burning plot of the middle Slope (MS) while the Bottom valley (BV) had 0.14 and 0.16kg/ha in before and after burning plots. Altogether, both husked and de-husked yields were higher in burnt plots than unburnt plots. Along the slope, husked yield followed the order: BV (0.15kg/ha) > MS (0.14kg/ha) > UP (0.10kg/ha)) while de-husked yield also followed similar pattern but different magnitude.
Studies on the Incidence of Anthracnose Disease in Different Varieties of Mango (Mangifera Indica L.) and it's in Vitro Biocontrol Measures
Authors: Ghosh S. K. , Ray S. K. , Hasan M. A.
Published: March 2023

Anthracnose of mango caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) is a very serious disease. Leaves, panicles, immature and mature fruits of mango are infected and damaged by this disease. The symptoms of this disease on infected parts were noted. The incidence of disease on leaves was studied on fourteen varieties of mango viz. Himsagar, Dashehari, Vanraj, Farnandin, Mulgoa, Bombai, Kishanbhog, Bangalora, Alphanso, Langra, Mallika, Zardalu, Chausa and Suvarnrekha. In all the varieties the incidence of anthracnose ranged from 1 - 15 per cent. The disease incidence was maximum (15.00 per cent) in Kishanbhog followed by Bombai (12.00 per cent), Himsagar (9.00 per cent) and Bangalora (8.00 per cent). In contrast, the disease incidence was recorded minimum in Alphanso (1.00 per cent). Trichoderma viride and Beauveria bassiana were applied against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in vitro and their antagonistic activity were recorded.
Water and Petrol Use Efficiencies of Cabbages and Kales Under Supplemental Irrigation in Kimumu Farm in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya
Authors: Kiprotich Kiptum Clement , Wangoi Ndungu Jane
Published: March 2023

Cabbages and Kales grown in Kimumu Scheme in Uasin Gishu County were monitored between November, 2017 and February, 2018 for a period of 90 days. Water was pumped from ponds to the vegetables after transplanting. The amount of petrol, rainfall and water applied together with the yields were measured. The water stress for cabbages during the entire period was 91%. During the head formation stage, the water stress 81%. For kales the water stress started from day 53 to day 90 except for days 55, 60, and 64 after transplanting. The water stress for kales during the entire period was 97%. From mid-season stage, the water stress was 88%. The yield of cabbages and kales were 4.25 tons/ha and 11.8 tons/ha, respectively. The water use efficiencies were 1.4 Kg/ m3 and 3.8 Kg/ m3 for cabbages and kales, respectively. The petrol use efficiencies were 7727 Kg/ m3 and 23 529 Kg/ m3 for cabbages and kales, respectively. The water use efficiency for kales was approximately three times that of cabbages while the petrol efficiency was also around three times. Since kales are more tolerant to water stress, the farmer was advised to grow kales as they perform better in both water and petrol use efficiencies.
Pre-COVID 19 Pandemic Solid Waste Management and Characterization in Caraga State University, Ampayon, Butuan City, Philippines
Authors: Ciudad Kenneth , Lucero Carl Van , Calonia Vea Nicole
Published: March 2023

Improper utilization of resources and inadequate solid waste management could lead to the increasing growth of waste and seriously affect the environment. This study aimed to assess its Solid Waste Management (SWM) using the Solid Waste Analysis (SWA) Tool and evaluate its implementation of the RA 9003 at Caraga State University before the COVID-19 pandemic. Results show that CSU was responsive to the national and local government policies on SWM in issuing memos and orders and providing facilities and manpower. Observations of reduction at source and vermicomposting were also being practiced. However, despite the provisions of color-coded and categorically labeled metal bins in specific collection points, wastes were still unsegregated, probably due to public indifference where people don’t care or lack knowledge of the possible effects of improper SWM. The personnel working in collecting and transferring waste, while utilizing a single track in hauling all types of waste, also lacked proper training and adequate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in handling different kinds of waste. Waste Analysis and Characterization Study (WACS) revealed that CSU could generate 31.22 tons of solid waste per year with an estimated bulk density of 470 x 103 kg/m3, hence, an average waste generation per capita of 0.018kg/day. The results imply that CSU is generating a small amount of waste compared to the estimated average per capita of 0.40 kg/day in the Philippines. Provisions of adequate facilities and implementing more reduction at source, reusing, and recycling projects in the university would be beneficial in decreasing waste generation.
Protecting EU data outside EU borders under the GDPR
Authors: Kuner Christopher
Published: March 2023

The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) aims to protect personal data outside EU borders by its rules on territorial scope and its restrictions on international data transfers. Despite its importance in EU fundamental rights law, the purpose and interaction of the GDPR’s protections of cross-border data processing have long been shrouded in confusion. Initiatives of EU bodies to interpret the GDPR’s safeguards illustrate the need for EU law to demonstrate clarity and consistency in defending fundamental rights outside EU borders. Only by maintaining the high level of protection required by the GDPR and the Court of Justice, can the EU’s ambitions of cross-border data protection be realized and the GDPR’s influence in third countries be maintained.

data protection, GDPR, territorial scope, international data transfers, Court of Justice, European Commission, European Data Protection Board
Editorial: Taxing Interest in the Debtor State as an Alternative to DEBRA
Authors: Kemmeren Eric C.C.M.
Published: March 2023

Basically, a company can be financed by debt or equity. The general national tax systems are that interest, the compensation paid for funds put at disposal by means of a loan, are deductible and that the compensation for funds put at disposal by means of equity is not. In this context, the question often arises of whether this different treatment is justified. Or should they be treated (more) the same? The European Commission has proposed a directive to tackle to debt-equity bias by introducing a notional allowance on equity, on the one hand, and a new limitation on interest deduction, on the other hand (DEBRA). This editorial raises the questions of whether the tax treatment of the remuneration paid on loans (interest) by companies and the remuneration on their equity (profits) as proposed in DEBRA is sufficiently based on principles to contribute to a sustainable tax system with regard to company financing, and if not, what an alternative would be that better complies with those principles. The author concludes that DEBRA is another stopgap for flaws in the current tax systems, which has the potential to further distort the capital markets. He suggests an alternative system based on the principle of origin to remove the debt-equity bias.

debt-equity bias, capital markets, tax neutrality, ability-to-pay, direct benefit principle, principle of origin, territorial principle, territoriality principle, taxation of interest, distortion of competition, sustainability
Opening the Black-Box in Private-Law Employment Relationships: A Critical Review of the Newly Implemented Spanish Workers’ Council’s Right to Access Algorithms
Authors: Duran Sergi Gálvez
Published: March 2023

Article 22 of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) provides individuals with the right not to be subject to automated decisions. In this article, the author questions the extent to which the legal framework for automated decision-making in the GDPR is attuned to the employment context. More specifically, the author argues that an individual’s right may not be the most appropriate approach to contesting artificial intelligence (AI) based decisions in situations involving dependency contracts, such as employment relationships. Furthermore, Article 22 GDPR derogations rarely apply in the employment context, which puts organizations on the wrong track when deploying AI systems to make decisions about hiring, performance, and termination. In this scenario, emerging initiatives are calling for a shift from an individual rights perspective to a collective governance approach over data as a way to leverage collective bargaining power. Taking inspiration from these different initiatives, I propose ‘algorithmic co-governance’ to address the lack of accountability and transparency in AI-based employment decisions. Algorithmic co-governance implies giving third parties (ideally, the workforce’s legal representatives) the power to negotiate, correct, and overturn AI-based employment decision tools. In this context, Spain has implemented a law reform requiring that Workers’ Councils are informed about the ‘parameters, rules, and instructions’ on which algorithmic decision-making is based, becoming the first law in the European Union requiring employers to share information about AI-based decisions with Workers’ Councils. I use this reform to evaluate a potential algorithmic co-governance model in the workplace, highlighting some shortcomings that may deprive its quality and effectiveness.

Algorithms, Artificial Intelligence, AI Systems, Automated Decision-Making, Algorithmic Co-governance, Algorithmic Management, Data Protection, Privacy, GDPR, Employment Decisions, Right To Access Algorithms, Workers’ Council
Right-Wing Populism and the Deconstruction of Labour Laws in the Americas: Old Wine into New Wineskins
Authors: Pucheta Mauro , Kalil Renan , Bodie Matthew
Published: March 2023

The surprising recent success of populist politics has been framed as a sharp break from the neoliberal world order that followed the collapse of the Soviet Union. This article explores how right-wing populist leaders from Argentina, Brazil, and the United States in the 1990s and 2010s have implemented policies that aimed to liberalize labour market regulations and weaken workers’ protections, despite their ‘common people’ rhetoric. Relying upon the theoretical frameworks of Kurt Weyland as well as Thomás Zicman de Barros and Miguel Lago, this article examines the ‘neoliberalization’ of populism in the 1990s in Argentina and Brazil, which had been traditionally associated with inward-looking and nationalist economic policies. Similarly, it explores the reactionary right-wing populism of Donald Trump and Jair Bolsonaro, which resulted in neoliberal labour policies that followed a conservative tradition.

To shed light on how these policies have reshaped labour laws, this article first explores the experiences in Argentina and Brazil during the 1990s, in which neo-populist governments, heavily influenced by the Washington Consensus, reformed labour regulations to deconstruct traditional individual labour laws and to undermine the role of social partners. Second, this article studies the development of reactionary right-wing populism in the Americas in the late 2010s, particularly in Brazil and the United States, with a focus on the adoption of neoliberal policies that aim to deconstruct protective labour regulations.

Despite the recent electoral defeats of both Trump and Bolsonaro, the incidence of rightwing populism has not disappeared in the Americas, which became an established major actor in the political arena. The risk seems to be even more concrete in Argentina where the centre-right party, pushed by far-right libertarian candidates, is adamant about implementing a major reform to liberalize labour laws if elected in the next general election in October 2023. The article concludes that even though right-wing populists portrayed themselves as champions of the working class during both earlier periods, they implemented traditional neoliberal labour law policies, which pursued the liberalization of labour market regulations, shunted aside social partners, resulting in the dramatic undermining of workers’ rights.

Populism, Neoliberalism, Neopopulism, Argentina, Brazil, United States, Trump, Bolsonaro, Labour Reform, Latin America
Baseball Arbitration as a Suitable Alternative for Construction and Real Estate Disputes
Authors: Barradas Rodrigo , Vázquez Jorge
Published: March 2023

Baseball Arbitration (or Final Offer Arbitration (FOA)) is a dispute resolution mechanism to resolve controversies where each party submits a final offer. The arbitral tribunal must then decide by picking only one of these proposals. Given the arbitrators’ powers’ limitations, these proceedings are usually shorter and less expensive than traditional dispute resolution mechanisms. In addition, contrary to conventional arbitration, parties tend not to assume unrealistic or extreme positions, which could promote amicable settlement since it is an all-or-nothing proceeding.

FOA could effectively resolve monetary disputes in industries where parties seek to preserve the commercial relationship while avoiding unnecessary delays. Therefore, Baseball Arbitration could be advantageous in the construction and real estate sectors. However, most arbitral institutions do not have specific rules for conducting Baseball Arbitration proceedings.

This article proposes a model clause for parties wishing to submit their disputes to FOA. In our proposal, the arbitrator will receive the parties’ final offers and then issue its reasoned award, asserting the rationale to choose one offer over the other.

Arbitration, Baseball Arbitration, Final Offer Arbitration, ADR Mechanisms, Construction Disputes, Construction Arbitration, Real State Disputes, Real Estate Arbitration, Model Clauses
A New Digital Economy Collaboration in the Indo-Pacific: Negotiating Digital Trade in the Australia-India CECA
Authors: Mitchell Andrew D. , Mishra Neha
Published: March 2023

The Australia-India Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Agreement (CECA) presents a significant and unique opportunity for India and Australia to strengthen their digital trade relationship. Although certain areas – including cross-border data flows/data localization, customs duties on electronic transmissions, and non-discrimination of digital products – appear to pose difficulties for the ongoing negotiations, both countries can converge elsewhere. For instance, disciplines on digital trade facilitation, online consumer protection, cybersecurity, spam, artificial intelligence, etc., can create a robust, trustworthy, and efficient framework for bilateral digital trade. Further, disciplines on trade in services can boost digital trade flows between the parties, and address data localization measures in service sectors where countries have offered relevant commitments. Australia can incentivize India’s participation in digital trade negotiations in various ways, including by committing to holistic programmes on digital development and inclusion, liberalizing Mode 4 supply for talented Indian Information Technology (IT) professionals, and instituting a robust mechanism for regulatory dialogues and cooperation. Economic opportunities aside, a high-quality digital trade chapter in the India-Australia negotiations holds strategic and geopolitical importance, especially in countering China’s growing digital influence, and promoting more digital trust and integration in the Indo- Pacific.

digital trade, electronic commerce, Australia-India CECA, trade in services, cross-border data flows, trade negotiations, digital integration
Biotech meets Artificial Intelligence to Enhance the Value of By-Products in Animal Nutrition
Authors: Siad Oussama , Bouzid Chaima
Published: March 2023

The utilization of by-products from various industries in animal nutrition has been a common practice for many years. However, these by-products often have low nutrient availability and may contain anti-nutritional factors, limiting their use as animal feed. Biotechnology has provided various approaches to enhance the value of these by-products by improving their nutrient availability and safety for animal consumption. In this review, we discuss the biotechnological approaches used to enhance the value of by-products in animal nutrition, including the use of enzymes, fermentation, single-cell protein, and genetically modified crops. These biotechnological approaches can improve the digestibility and nutrient availability of by-products, increase the efficiency of animal production, and reduce waste. However, the safety of these biotechnological processes must be thoroughly evaluated to ensure that they do not have any negative impacts on animal or human health or the environment. This review highlights the potential of biotechnology to improve the utilization of by-products in animal nutrition and its future applications in the animal feed industry.
Comparative Antimicrobial Properties of a Consortium of Nauclea latifolia Sm. and Ocimum gratissium L. Extracts with Their CuO Nanoparticle Multiplexes
Authors: Abdulsalam Mustapha , Abdulrazaq Ibrahim , Tiamiyu Bashir Bolaji , Salam Olaitan Lateefat
Published: March 2023

Over the years, several microorganisms have developed antibiotic resistance, rendering them impotent and otherwise useless. This research work is intended at exemplifying the consortium of crude extracts of Nauclea latifolia and Ocimum gratissium for antimicrobial potentials. Nanoparticles made from extracts were equated to the activities. Plant nanoparticles were created by combining powdered plant materials with copper oxide and suspending them in ethanol and distilled water, which were then screened to achieve crude extracts (CuO). The presence of bioactive machinery tartan in crude extracts. Agar well diffusion was betrothed to test antibacterial activity while the poisoned plate method was utilized to define antifungal potentials. Flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, saponins, terpenoids, and tannins were discovered in plant extracts. At a dosage of 40 mg/mL, the aqueous crude extract outperformed the ethanolic extract, with the best inhibition zone (30) against Bacillus megaterium. The antimicrobial properties of the aqueous nanoparticle extract were stronger than those of the crude equivalent, antibacterial and antifungal inhibition zones were 36 mm at 40 mg/mL and 32 mm at 60 mg/mL respectively. According to the findings, aqueous extracts have stronger antibacterial activity than ethanolic extracts and nanoparticle created utilizing a syndicate of two plants has the potential to improve antimicrobial properties.
Estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) in rural Bangladeshi population and its correlation with cardiometabolic risks
Authors: Tomalika Nehlin , Tagar Md Mohiuddin , Afroz Sadya , Mohsena Masuda , Sayeed MA
Published: March 2023

Background and objectives: For decades type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and insulin resistance (IR) are increasingly gaining importance as an underlying mechanism for increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). IR is related to various cardiometabolic adverse effects.

Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp technique, the gold standard method for measuring IR, is an invasive and complex procedure. Estimation of glucose disposal rate (eGDR) is an easy alternative tool for measuring IR. There is no known study on eGDR level in Bangladeshi native population. Therefore, this study was undertaken to determine the eGDR values in a healthy working rural Bangladeshi population.

Materials and methods: Six villages were selected purposively as the study sites. All healthy working people aged ≥20 years in selected rural community were considered eligible. Those who consented to participate in the study were enrolled. Investigations included a) interviewing for social and clinical history, b) anthropometry and measurement of blood pressure and d) estimation of HbA1c and biochemical indices. The eGDR (mg/kg/min) was calculated using formula: eGDR = 21.158 − (0.09 * WC) − (3.407 * HT) − (0.551 * HbA1c); where WC = waist circumference in cm, HT = hypertension (yes = 1/no = 0), and HbA1c = HbA1c (%).

Results: A total of 93 (m/w = 29/64) participants were enrolled in the study. The prevalence rates of hypertension, diabetes and metabolic syndrome (MSyn) were 34%, 31.1% and 16.1%, respectively. The mean eGDR value was 9.9 (±0.149; 95% CI: 9.62–10.2) mg/kg/min. Most of the values of biophysical characteristics were normal. The comparison between participants with and without MSyn showed that the former had significantly lower eGDR (9.05±1.24 vs.10.10±1.37, p<0.01). Inverse correlations of eGDR with the obesity, glycemia and lipidemia (weight, waist, FBG, T-chol, and TG) were significant. Declining eGDR were significant with rising WHR, WHtR, TG/HDLR and T-chol/HDLR (for all, p<0.05).

Conclusions: The study revealed the level of eGDR in a healthy working people of a rural community of Bangladesh. Moreover, eGDR was found to decrease significantly with the increasing cardiometabolic risks. The study revealed a higher prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and metabolic syndrome in apparently healthy working people highlighting susceptibility of Bangladeshi natives to non-communicable diseases.

IMC J Med Sci. 2023; 17(2):005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.55010/imcjms.17.015

*Correspondence: M Abu Sayeed, Department of Community Medicine, Ibrahim Medical College, 1/A, Ibrahim Sarani, Segunbagicha, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. Email: sayeed1950@gmail.com
A STUDY ON THE DIAGNOSTIC METHODS OF SCRUB TYPHUS COMPARITIVELY
Authors: Mandadapu Gowtham , Kolli Prachetha , Gopaiah Kurra Venkata , Bhavana T
Published: March 2023

Scrub typhus is one of the causes of acute undifferentiated fever.During the study period from October 2012 to August 2014, a total of 633 cases of suspected Scrub typhus presented to our hospital. Out of these, 95 serum samples were positive for scrub typhus either by Weil Felix or by ELISA (IgM antibody to Orientia tsutsugamushi). Predominant clinical feature was fever with an average of 10 days followed by headache, vomiting, cough, myalgia, breathlessness, loose stools, reduced urine output, abdominalpain and nausea. Eschar was observed in 6 out of the 95 patients (6.3%) in our study. The percentages of patients with Scrub typhus having eschars were variable with different studies citing different results. In our study we observed an almost equal incidence of Scrub typhus in both genders. Other studies showed variable reports with some showing male predominance and others showing female predominance. Maximal incidence of Scrub typhus according to our study wasin the age group 41 – 50 yrs with decreasing incidence as one goes further from this peak to either side. Increased numbers of Scrub typhus cases were observed from September to February, which coincided with the cooler months of the year. Scrub Typhus diagnosis is made more complex by the presence of dual infections. Dual infections should be suspected when the patients present with atypical clinical features of either diseaseor when patient responds poorly to treatment. The platelet levels were low in Scrub typhus, but it was lower when the patient was infected with both Scrub typhus and Dengue infection. Main stay of Scrub typhus diagnosis remains serology. The gold standard for the diagnosis is Indirect Fluorescence Antibodyassay. Both Weil Felix and ELISA tests were done and compared withIFA in 100 samples. The sensitivity of Weil Felix OX K at a break point of 1:160 was found to be 40% and specificity 94%, Positive predictive value was 86.9% and negative predictive value 61.0%. The ELISA tests showed sensitivity to be 96% and specificity 88%, Positive predictive value was 88.8% and negative predictive value 95.6 %. All currently available serological methods have theirlimitations. There is an urgent need for newer diagnostic methods. The treatment given is Doxycycline or azithromycin. Most of our cases responded to these drugs except one case where combination therapy was attempted. Scrub typhus responds well to treatment and if not treated intime the patient can go in for complications emphasizing the need for early diagnosis and treatment. Keywords:- Doxycycline, azithromycin, Scrub Typhus, ELISA.
Comparative Analysis on Classification of Coastal Images Using Neural Network
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, GST, GITAM University,  Visakhapatnam, AP, India., Sravani Suvvari , Babu Kalva Jaswanth , Sowmya Pasumarthi , Deep ,Palempati Harsha
Published: March 2023

Despite recent advancements, classifying the coast remains a difficult problem in quantitative `geomorphological and environmental studies. Years passing It is being a serious issue when land is destroyed or lost due to coastal erosion, especially in a nation like India where population growth is exploding .This had motivated researchers to make a thorough study of the Coastal regions. Years later researchers of Machine learning implemented algorithms for coastal image classification. Our paper is a comparative study and classification of coastal images using neural network by implementing different algorithm and architectures which helps you to give best accuracy in classifying these coastal images. The algorithm we have chosen are k-means algorithm and we have used are CNN (convolutional neural network) deep learning algorithm. In this study we have trained samples of coastal images through these algorithms and tried to increase the accuracy by using the best algorithm between these and used GAN model for data Augmentation that makes accuracy much better. This also helps in predicting which areas are danger prone and which are not.
Automatic Vehicle Number Plate Detection System
Authors:   Department of Computer Technology, Priyadarshini College Of Engineering, Nagpur,  Maharashtra, India, Thakare Dr. Mrs. Nita M
Published: March 2023

Automatic Vehicle number plate detection system is a image processing prototype, which will first process on image, then identify the number plate to get information about the vehicle. The main objective is to correctly design an automatic car identity machine with the aid of the usage of the vehicle's number plate. If the vehicle is an un-authenticate, then it becomes a very tedious and time-consuming and very hard task to search that vehicle. Recognized number plate displays on graphical user interface and stored in a database. It can be also used in on the entrance for security manage of a e.g. shopping malls, college campus and so on. The evolved machine initially detects the car then captures the car picture. vehicle range plate place is captured the use of the photo segmentation in a photograph. CNN is used to enhance the plate detection The ensuing records is then can be used to evaluate with the information on a database to give you the unique records like the car owner, region of registration, and so forth. The machine is carried out on Python(Programming Language) and OpenCV as an image processing library, and its performance is tested on real photographs. It's has been determined from the experiment that the evolved device readily acknowledges and detects the automobile's quantity plate on real images. Key Words: ANPR, OCR, CNN, OpenCV, Flask
Approximating an Infinite Horizon Model in the Presence of Optimal Experimentation
Authors: Amman H. M. , Tucci M. P.
Published: March 2023

In an recent article Amman and Tucci (2020) make a comparison of the two dominant approaches for solving models with optimal experimentation in economics; the value function approach and an approximation approach. The approximation approach goes back to engineering literature in the 1970ties (cf. Tse & Bar-Shalom, 1973). Kendrick (1981) introduces this approach in economics. By using the same model and dataset as in Beck and Wieland (2002), Amman and Tucci conclude that differences may be small between the both approaches. In the previous paper we did not present the derivation of the approximation approach for this class of models. Hence, here we will present all derivations of the approximation approach for the case where there is an infinite horizon as is most common in economic models. By presenting the derivations, a better understanding and insight is obtained by the reader on how the value function is adequately approximated.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND THE REIMAGINING OF PUBLIC OF ADMINISTRATION / ԱՐՀԵՍՏԱԿԱՆ ԲԱՆԱԿԱՆՈՒԹՅՈՒՆԸ ԵՎ ՀԱՆՐԱՅԻՆ ԿԱՌԱՎԱՐՄԱՆ ՎԵՐԱԻՄԱՍՏԱՎՈՐՈՒՄԸ
Authors: LABAKI GEORGES
Published: March 2023

There is an urgent need to understand and generate awareness about AI’s impact on public administration and to shed lights on the resources that it can provide to support public administration managers in their work. Due to its revolutionary aspect and the dramatic technological changes that AI will imply such as rapidity, availability of Big Data, simulation, and monitoring it will definitely, entail a change of paradigms in public administration in terms of laws, management, data collection, jobs, training and public policy. The tremendous speedy development in AI algorithms, the dramatic increase in speed and computing power, the ability to generate, store, and retrieve massive amount of data from various sources in fractions of a second will lead governments at all levels as well as citizens to this new technology in terms of change, innovation, hierarchy, training, privacy, ethics, and surveillance.
ՁԵՌՆԱՐԿԱՏԵՐ ԵՎ ՁԵՌՆԱՐԿԱՏԻՐՈՒԹՅՈՒՆ. ՁԵՌՆԱՐԿԱՏԻՐԱԿԱՆ ԳՈՐԾՈՒՆԵՈՒԹՅԱՆՆ ԱՌՆՉՎՈՂ ՀԻՄՆԱԽՆԴԻՐՆԵՐԻ ՇՐՋԱՆԱԿԸ ՀՀ-ՈՒՄ / ENTREPRENEUR AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP. SCOPE OF THE BASIC PROBLEMS RELATED TO ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITY IN RA
Authors: KHACHATRYAN ASTGHIK
Published: March 2023

trepreneurship in different historical periods conditioned by various factors
of the external environment and to present the issues related to
entrepreneurial activity in RA within the context of the growing importance of
the competitiveness of enterprises. Within the framework of this article,
based on the study of relevant literature, it was possible to propose a
comprehensive definition of entrepreneurship, implement an analysis of the
state of entrepreneurial activity in RA, also presenting the survival indicators
of economic entities, calculated according to the Eurostat-OECD
methodology, and reveal the issues related to entrepreneurial activity in RA.
De noodzaak van een visie op straffen
Authors: Verrest P.A.M. (Pieter) , Huls E. (Eva)
Published: March 2023

De noodzaak van een visie op straffen

Een – omvattende – visie op straffen is nodig. Het is niet de taak van de rechtspraak om die visie op straffen te ontwikkelen of uiteen te zetten. Dat is breder aan de samenleving, de politiek, geholpen door de wetenschap en met inbreng van praktijkorganisaties.

De bijdragen aan dit nummer van Boom Strafblad bestrijken onderdelen van hetgeen nodig is voor een visie op straffen.
Phenotypic and Numerical Characterization and Detection of the Genetic Relationship of a Number Ants Species of Hymenoptera: Formicidae in Iraq
Authors: R Al-Rubaye Mohammed Ahmed , Issa Ahmed Ali , Mukhlif Al-Sugmiany Rafea Zaidan
Published: March 2023

The study aimed at the phenotypic characterization of a number of species of real ants, Hymenoptera: formicidae, in some governorates of central and northern Iraq, as well as revealing similarities and genetic differences depending on the phenotypic characteristics of 16 samples of real ants. The samples were collected from the governorates (Salah al-Din, Kirkuk, Sulaymaniyah, Erbil) using Collection kit, ants samples were diagnosed in the Research Center and Natural History Museum \ University of Baghdad, and the study was conducted in the laboratories of the College of Science \ University of Tikrit in the period 12/15/2021 – 5/1/2022. Samples were collected and preserved according to the methods used in preserving insects. A phenotypic study was conducted for (38) phenotypic characteristics of the general shape of the head, thorax, abdomen, legs and wings in detail using a anatomical microscope. Temporary sections were photographed using a digital camera and kept until the results are studied. Numerical classification and phenotypic genetic dimension were conducted based on the results of the studied phenotypic traits. The results showed a clear discrepancy between the species, it was shown from the results of the statistical analysis of the values of the phenotypic genetic dimension, which ranged between (0.230-0.958), where the least genetic dimension was between sample No. 1 (Camponotint xerxes Erbil 1) and No. 8 (Camponotint xerxes Kirkuk 2), as it reached 0.230, and that is It is the highest percentage of similarity between the two samples within the studied species. As for the highest genetic dimension, it was 0.958 between sample 14 (Camponotint xerxes Salah al-Din 1) and samples No. 9 and 10 (9-Messor sp Kirkuk, 10- Messor sp Sulaymaniyah 1). There is no match in the traits studied between these two samples, while the values of the genetic dimension for the rest of the species ranged between those values.
Detection of the Genetic Relationship and Genetic Fingerprint of Real Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) using RAPD-PCR Markers in Iraq
Authors: Rashid Al-Rubaye Mohammed Ahmed , Mukhlif Al-Sugmiany Rafea Zaidan , Issa Ahmed Ali
Published: March 2023

The study aimed to investigate the molecular profiles of a number of species of real ants in some governorates of central and northern Iraq, as well as detect similarities and genetic differences based on molecular traits and determine the genetic fingerprint using RAPD-PCR indicators for 16 samples of real ants.

Samples were collected and preserved according to the methods used in preserving insects, and the DNA was extracted using a new modified method that was derived from methods used to isolate DNA from animal and plant tissues. RAPD reactions were carried out using (10) primers from the RAPD-PCR markers, and the results were carried over on a gel. The agarose bands were viewed on the UV trans eliminator, and the bands were photographed and saved until the results were studied.

The results of the RAPD-PCR markers showed different patterns of loci recognized by the primers on the genome of the samples, which is (141) loci, including one general locus for all samples and (140) divergent loci. While the primers (P3, P10) produced the least number of loci, it reached (12) loci. The total bands produced (total bands) from those loci were (720) bands, including (704) polymorphic bands and (16) main bands. P6) the least number of bands as it amounted to (46) bands, and the general variation ratio of the produced primers amounted to 99 The results of the statistical analysis showed that the values of the genetic distance ranged between (0.235 - 0.983), where the least genetic distance was between the two samples (15- Camponotint xerxes Salah al-Din 2) (16- Camponotint xerxes Salah al-Din 3), as it reached (0.235), and this is explained by the fact that there is a large similarity ratio Between the two species within the studied species, while the highest genetic dimension was between the two samples (2 - Cataglyphis Erbil) (16- Camponotint xerxes Salah al-Din 3), as it reached (0.983), and this is considered as the highest percentage of difference between the two species within the studied species, and this applies with the results of the genetic dimension of the traits appearance of the studied species.
El agotamiento emocional en árbitros de fútbol.
Authors: Guamán Saldaña Klever Alfonso , Bravo Navarro Wilson Hernando , Sanmartín Rodríguez Fabián Arturo
Published: March 2023

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue analizar el agotamiento emocional de los árbitros de la provincia del Cañar y Azuay mediante un cuestionario para establecer el grado de importancia de este aspecto psicológico. Se utilizó un diseño no experimental con corte transversal, de carácter descriptivo y un enfoque cuantitativo, se empleó como instrumento un cuestionario de 20 ítems que fue validado por expertos académicos, se tomó como muestra a 28 árbitros pertenecientes a la Asociación Ecuatoriana de Árbitros de Fútbol, 4 del sexo femenino y 24 del sexo masculino, en edades comprendidas entre los 20 y 35 años. Se infiere que la preparación psicológica es importante en árbitros de fútbol para reducir el agotamiento emocional, además se encontró que los árbitros en cada partido de fútbol no cuentan con psicólogos deportivos profesionales que les ayuden en la parte emocional antes, durante y después del partido, y a la vez ellos mencionan que en algunas ocasiones se sienten afectados emocionalmente y su desempeño físico en el campo de juego no es el adecuado.
Hospital Pablo VI Bosa I Nivel ESE
Authors: Salud de Bogotá Secretaría Distrital de
Published: March 2023

El Hospital Pablo VI de Bosa fue categorizado como el mejor hospital de I nivel del Distrito en el año 2004 . Este Hospital hace parte de un proyecto piloto de autoevaluación desarrollado por el Ministerio de Salud, en el marco del Sistema Obligatorio de  Garantía de la Calidad. Este artículo comparte la expericencia de uno de los procesos que se destacan dentro de la planeación institucional como es el modelo de desarrollo social microterritorial, que implementa la atención primaria en salud con enfoque familiar y comunitario, permite el fortalecimiento de la identidad de la población y la genera iniciativas de desarrollo que aportan al mejoramiento de la calidad de vida.La ESE Pablo VI Bosa es referente en muchos aspectos, por ejemplo, en temas de investigación, es uno de los pocos hospitales que cuenta con un grupo de investigación registrado en Colciencias desde el 2011, este incluye líneas de investigación en salud mental, salud sexual y reproductiva, y equidad en salud, todos los cuales son temas prioritarios para la localidad.
Ciencia, tecnología e innovación: nuevo paradigma de la administración
Authors: Galán Suárez Claudia Patricia
Published: March 2023

La Ciencia, la tecnología y la innovación influyen en la sociedad para encadenar procesos de planeación, gestión, evaluación y mejoramiento. Las empresas deben apropiar el nuevo paradigma y centrar su trabajo en lograr que todos sus colaboradores apropien este tipo de herramientas, impulsar a las personas a proponer nuevas ideas y apoyarlas en su implementación, ya que muchas de estas logran transformar las instituciones y les permiten permanecer vigentes en el mercado.
El Comité de Investigación y Ética de la Secretaría Distrital de Salud de Bogotá
Authors: Becerra Nancy
Published: March 2023

El Comité de Ética es un organismo de carácter permanente, asesor y consultivo con competencia para evaluar programas y proyectos de investigaciones en ciencia, tecnología e innovación en salud que se presenten a consideración o se realicen en el Distrito Capital, y a los cuales se les pueden proponer ajustes y medidas administrativas o técnicas.
Experiencia de integración de la atención en redes de servicios de salud de América Latina
Authors: Mogollón Pérez Amparo Susana
Published: March 2023

La fragmentación de los servicios de salud en muchos países de América Latina se constituye en un obstáculo para alcanzar resultados efectivos en la atención, dado que genera barreras para el acceso a los servicios, baja calidad técnica, pérdida de la continuidad de la atención e ineficiencia.Como respuesta a esas necesidades, en distintos países se ha promovido el desarrollo de redes integradas de servicios de salud (RISS), que buscan garantizar una atención en salud más eficiente, equitativa y de calidad.
Las TIC al servicio de la salud para proveer calidad de vida a la población
Authors: López Sevillano Alexandra
Published: March 2023

Colombia enfrenta varios retos y avances en el campo de las TIC entorno al sector de la salud. Entre los principales resultados y avances por mejorar en el campo está el contar con un sistema que contribuya a mantener una población sana. Se espera tener un método que apoye la atención para contar con población sana y que su bienestar contribuya al desarrollo individual, social y al sostenimiento económico, con el consecuente impacto en la distribución del ingreso y la reducción de la pobreza.
Posibilidades para la atención humanizada en los servicios de salud
Authors: Díaz Ramírez Doris Marcela , Garzón Leguizamón Leonardo Fabio , Vanegas Claudia Jeannette , Palma Daniela Vanessa , Ruiz Solángel García , Puerto Yazmín , Villamizar Martha Sonia
Published: March 2023

Surge como resultado de dos investigaciones, una de las cuales fue desarrollada dentro de la Secretaría Distrital de Salud. Se inició con una revisión sistemática de 65 artículos, en la que se hace un acercamiento al concepto de humanización y servicios con calidad, luego se continúa con la lectura de las 372 quejas recibidas en el Sistema Distrital de Quejas y Soluciones de la SDS durante el 2019, para finalizar en un relato desde la entraña, a manera de investigación autobiográfica de Daniela Palma, donde comparte su vivencia, la de su cuerpo con el sistema de salud colombiano desde su experiencia con el cáncer.
El semillero de innovación para la salud y la vida, un espacio de posibilidades con miras a la creación en la Secretaría Distrital de Salud de Bogotá
Authors: Puerto Mojica Yazmín , Rueda Efrén de Jesús
Published: March 2023

Desde el año 2017, la entidad dio sus primeros acercamientos en el campo innovación y hacia 2020 inauguró el semillero de innovación para la salud pública, espacio que trabaja en fortalecer la creatividad, promover la generación de conocimiento y las buenas prácticas en torno a las necesidades y prioridades en salud de la ciudad de Bogotá.
Doctor Guillermo Ortiz: los valores detrás de un reconocimiento
Authors: Salud de Bogotá Secretaría Distrital de
Published: March 2023

Entrevista que destaca la experiencia del Doctor Guillermo Ortiz, médico intensivista de la Subred Centro Oriente, institución a la que pertenece hace veintiséis años. Ha sido investigador y docente en el Hospital Santa Clara y recibió el Premio Distrital a la Gestión en Salud 2021 en la categoría Toda una Vida, que reconoció sus aportes durante toda su carrera y especialmente, su trabajo durante la pandemia del covid-19 en la ciudad de Bogotá.
Viruela, rabia y carbunco: una mirada histórica a las primeras vacunas
Authors: Murillo Sarmiento Luis María
Published: March 2023

Hace una descripción histórica de cómo se propagó la viruela en la humanidad, los desafíos que trajo la epidemia y cómo se implementó su sistema de vacunación. También relata el comportamiento del virus de la rabia y el carbunco y los diferentes experimentos que se hicieron para evitar su propagación.
Distribution of serogroup specific antibodies against leptospirosis in livestock in Odisha
Authors: BALAMURUGAN V , VEENA S , THIRUMALESH S R A , ALAMURI A , SRIDEVI R , SENGUPTA P P , GOVINDARAJ G , NAGALINGAM M , HEMADRI D , GAJENDRAGAD M R , RAHMAN H
Published: March 2023

The study was conducted to identify epidemiological sero-distribution of Leptospira serovars representing serogroups of antibodies in Odisha, Eastern part of India. Samples were collected from livestock during 2011-2014. A total of 537 non-purposive random serum samples from 12 districts in Odisha were tested at 1:100 dilutions in microscopic agglutination test (MAT) using live antigens of 18 reference Leptospira serovars. The overall prevalence of 36.69% (197/537) with 36.13% in cattle, 54.28% in buffaloes, 28.33% in goats and 44.44% in sheep was observed. Out of 197 reacted sera, 100 samples showed reactivity with more than one serovars representing 50.76% prevalence of multiple serovars. On analysis, the seroprevalence of leptospirosis in cattle (·2 = 63.41, P<0.01), buffaloes (·2 = 14.68, P <0.01), sheep (·2 = 54.66, P <0.01) and goats (·2 = 36.27, P <0.01) across different regions are significantly dependent. The predominant Leptospira serogroup specific antibodies against major serovars representing Hardjo (30.4%), Tarassovi (20.8%), Australis (19.19%), Bankinang (18.18%), Pomona (16.66%), Kaup (15.65%), Hebdomadis (11.11%), Pyrogenes (10.1%), Bataviae (9.59%), Icterohaemorrhagiae (9.09%), Shermani (7.57%), Djasiman/Javanica (6.56%), Hurstbridge (5.55%), Grippotyphosa (4.54%), Panama (4.04%), Canicola (3.03%) and Copenhageni (2.02%) against frequency distribution were noticed. The overall prevalence of antibodies detected against the serovars Hardjo, Tarassovi, Australis, Bankinang, Pomona, Kaup, Hebdomadis and Hurstbridge representing specific serogroups suggested that these serovars may be of use in the reference panels of Leptospira antigen in the MAT for this region in both human and animal state or district disease diagnostic laboratories.