bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metacognition and the complex process of developing identities via a second language: addressing the challenges healthcare professionals are facing in a multilingual context
Authors: Fourie Christine
Published: December 2022

This qualitative study takes into account that healthcare professionals are increasingly required to function in a multilingual environment where they often have to communicate with patients in a second or third language (Ushioda & Dörnyei 2009, Burford 2012). In this regard the identity of the healthcare worker can be compromised, as identity is interrelated with language (Joseph 2004, Gollin-Kies et al. 2015, Skjeggestad et al. 2017). Therefore, communication training courses in the healthcare context should accommodate professional identity formation processes, as a healthy identity would support stress and change management (Monrouxe 2009, Goldie 2012, Mavor et al. 2014). Data was collected during two separate courses: firstly at Stellenbosch University, South Africa, where medical students took part in a communication training course in Afrikaans and secondly when nurses in Antwerpen, Belgium took part in a similar communication training course in English. Both courses followed a blended learning approach and for each course an online community of practice via Facebook was utilised. Data was analysed according to the principles of grounded theory. Metacognitive markers that support the identity formation process were identified during the first course and refined for the second course. The result is a framework that supports both metacognitive awareness and the manifestation of metacognition that could facilitate the professional identity formation process alongside the process of language learning for healthcare purposes. Keywords: healthcare communication, blended learning, multilingualism, identity, medical communication training, language for specific purposes
A sign of The Times: an APPRAISAL analysis of the imagined community’s bonding in letters to a South African newspaper
Authors: Smith Jade , Adendorff Ralph
Published: December 2022

This article investigates how writers to The Times, formerly a daily national newspaper, used APPRAISAL strategies in letters to the editor to form the bonds that unified an imagined community of readership. The couplings of interpersonal and ideational meaning around which the community affiliated are revealed by an APPRAISAL analysis. Conclusions drawn from this information indicate the nature of the imagined community in terms of how the members viewed their agency, and the cohesion of the group. Main findings show that the community affiliated around evaluations of South Africa’s ruling party, the African National Congress (ANC), and its leader at the time, Jacob Zuma, but did so very differently. The Times’ writers also tended to be individualistic and did not rely on other community members to solve the problems they identified.
A systematic revision of the genus Juga from fresh waters of the Pacific Northwest, USA (Cerithioidea, Semisulcospiridae)
Authors: Strong Ellen E. , Garner Jeffrey T. , Johnson Paul D. , Whelan Nathan V.
Published: December 2022

Juga is a genus of freshwater snails distributed from northern Washington to central California. The taxonomy and classification of the genus has a long and complex history, driven mainly by the features of their highly variable shells. The number of recognized species has fluctuated from ~9 to 11; however, it has been claimed that the actual diversity may be three times that number. We here present a systematic revision using a recently published molecular phylogeny as a framework, which supported the interpretation that there are only nine valid species. Comprehensive review of type material and original descriptions for all available species-group names indicates that almost all species previously considered valid were para- or polyphyletic grades of organization in shell morphology. Most species previously suggested to be putatively new were confirmed to be morphological variants of species already described. Species accounts include complete synonymies and partial chresonymies; the shells and radulae are illustrated and described. Lectotypes are designated for Melania plicifera Lea, 1838, M. silicula Gould, 1847, and M. rudens Reeve, 1860. Three species, Juga caerulea sp. nov., J. canella sp. nov., and J. douglasi sp. nov., are described as new and one species is excluded from the genus. The subgenera Calibasis D.W. Taylor, 1966 and Idabasis D.W. Taylor, 1966 are synonymized with Juga.
Understanding the Benefits and Challenges of School Integration: Contributions from Children’s Literature
Authors: Lathey Jonathan W.
Published: December 2022

As a nation, we are currently experiencing a moment of racial reckoning, where issues of racial injustice, diversity, and educational inequality are debated. Literature offers a documentary source of evidence that informs the historical record. Children’s literature reveals our conceptions of social class, race, and the role of education in a given historical period. Scholars like Amanda Gailey at the University of Nebraska at Lincoln study changes in how Blacks are represented in children’s literature. Historically, children’s literature has avoided or neglected representations of Blacks, except as literary stereotypes.
Not Lost in Translation: Batchelder Gets Noticeable Boost This Year
Authors: Verbeten Sharon
Published: December 2022

This year, ALSC’s Batchelder Award got a bit of a boost—with not just the international author of the winning book, but many representatives all the way from Japan.The 2022 Mildred L. Batchelder Award—given to an outstanding children’s book originally published in a language other than English in a country other than the United States, and subsequently translated into English for publication in the United States—was awarded to Temple Alley Summer. Originally published in Japanese as Kimyōji Yokochō no Natsu, the book was written by Sachiko Kashiwaba, illustrated by Miho Satake, translated by Avery Fischer Udagawa and published by Yonder: Restless Books for Young Readers. This is Yonder’s first Batchelder Award Book, having previously been awarded an honor title.
Superação de dormência em sementes de Tachigali micropetala (Ducke) Zarucchi & Pipoly (Fabaceae – Caesalpinioideae)
Authors: Araújo Dênmora Gomes de , Chaves Saulo Fabrício da Silva , Figueiredo Joyce Valente , Simões Pedro Henrique Oliveira , Tadaiesky Lorene Bianca Araújo , Souza Elson Junior da Silva
Published: December 2022

O uso de espécies florestais na produção de mudas tem sido intensificado devido à necessidade de recuperação de áreas desmatadas e produção de biomassa. No entanto, a domesticação de espécies florestais nativas é restrita devido à falta de estudos relacionados à ecologia, fisiologia e morfologia de suas sementes. A espécie Tachigali micropetala (Ducke) Zarucchi & Pipoly, pertencente à família Fabaceae, apresenta dormência de tegumento que dificulta a entrada de água e, consequentemente, a germinação. O objetivo deste trabalho foi selecionar os melhores tratamentos para a quebra da dormência em sementes de T. micropetala. Os tratamentos foram: controle (sem tratamento pré-germinativo), desponte, escarificação em lixa, imersão em ácido sulfúrico por 5, 10, 15 e 20 minutos e imersão em água a 80 ° C por 20 minutos. A semeadura foi realizada em papel germiteste e o delineamento estatístico utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado com oito tratamentos, cinco repetições de 25 sementes. Para o teste de sanidade, as sementes foram submetidas a dois tipos de tratamentos: assepsia com 1,5% de hipoclorito de sódio e controle (sementes sem assepsia). Cada tratamento continha 10 repetições, com 20 sementes cada. Os resultados obtidos mostram que os tratamentos em ácido por 15 e 10 minutos e a escarificação mecânica com lixa apresentaram 90,4%, 85,6% e 83,2% de germinação, respectivamente, sendo estes os mais eficientes para superar a dormência em sementes de T. micropetala.
Changes in the proteomic and polyamine profile induced by seed aging of Cariniana legalis (Martius) O. Kuntze
Authors: Lerin Joviana , Sousa Kariane Rodrigues de , Vieira Henrique Duarte , Silveira Vanildo , Santa-Catarina Claudete
Published: December 2022

Studies on metabolic processes and seed germinability of native endangered species are essential for its conservation. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of accelerated aging on germination and on the proteomic and polyamine (PAs) profile in seeds of Cariniana legalis. The seeds were aged at 41, 43, 45 and 47ºC for 24, 48, 72 and 96 h, under 100 % relative humidity using a completely randomized factorial design. The data were submitted to analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s test. The temperature of 47ºC was efficient in simulating seed aging, with no germination after 72 h of incubation. At 41ºC, the germination did not change significantly until 96 h. The reduction in the concentration of total free PAs, mainly spermidine, and the down-accumulation of heat shock proteins in seeds aged at 47°C were associated with induction of seed aging. Furthermore, the down-accumulation of the aconitate hydratase protein and the up-accumulation of the alcohol dehydrogenase protein were associated with loss of seed germinability and rapid deterioration in seeds aged at 47°C. The aging of C. legalis seeds is related to alteration in the contents of PAs and accumulation of some proteins involved with the loss of germinability.
Formulação de massa cerâmica para revestimento poroso utilizando resíduos de madeiras tropicais
Authors: Costa Germana , Sampaio Paulo de Tarso Barbosa , Ribeiro Ruy Alexandre de Sá , Soares Jose  Josimar , Mendonça Rannier Marques
Published: December 2022

Os resíduos de pó das madeiras tropicais Angelim rajado (AR) (Pithecelobium racemosum Ducke) e Sucupira vermelha (SV) (Andira parviflora Ducke) gerados na indústria madeireira em Itacoatiara – AM quando não são utilizados pela própria empresa para geração de energia são depositados em locais inadequados. Em vista disso, neste trabalho, a argila foi parcialmente substituída pelos referidos resíduos na fabricação de materiais cerâmicos para o desenvolvimento de um novo material para aplicação em revestimento de parede (azulejo) poroso (tipo BIII). Este novo produto pode ser uma alternativa sustentável para o Polo Cerâmico do município de Iranduba, estado do Amazonas, Brasil. Corpos de prova (60mm x 20mm x 8mm) foram conformados por prensagem uniaxial (20 MPa) secos a 110 ºC por 24h e queimados entre 750 e 850 °C. Os efeitos do processo de sinterização nas massas cerâmicas com os resíduos de madeiras SV e AR foram estudados por TGA-DSC, FRX e DRX. Após a queima, as amostras foram submetidas às seguintes caracterizações tecnológicas: absorção de água, retração linear, densidade aparente, porosidade aparente e módulo de ruptura à flexão. As características mineralógicas e microestruturais também foram analisadas. Os resultados evidenciam que até 10% dos resíduos das madeiras AR e SV em forma de pó podem ser incorporados em massas cerâmicas estruturais para produção de materiais cerâmicos. Entretanto, formulações com 5 e 10% do resíduo de SV apresentam resultados superiores às mesmas proporções com AR, atendendo aos parâmetros da NBR 13818 da ABNT (Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas).
Características do evento convectivo ocorrido em Santa Rita do Sapucaí-MG em outubro de 2019
Authors: Andrelina Bruna , Reboita Michelle Simões , Capucin Bruno César , Mattos Enrique Vieira , Costa Larissa Helena da , Enoré Diego Pereira , Biscaro Thiago Souza
Published: December 2022

A cidade de Santa Rita do Sapucaí, localizada no sul do Estado de Minas Gerais (MG), no dia 24 de outubro de 2019 a cerca de 2000 UTC foi atingida por uma tempestade de granizo que gerou diversos danos ao município. O presente estudo avalia as condições meteorológicas que propiciaram a ocorrência da tempestade com enfoque multiescala (sinótica, mesoescala e microfísica da tempestade). A análise sinótica mostrou que a tempestade se desenvolveu como uma resposta da dinâmica (divergência do vento em altos níveis que propiciou os movimentos ascendentes na coluna atmosférica) e termodinâmica (instabilidade) da atmosfera. A relação entre CAPE e cisalhamento vertical do vento, bem como imagens de radar, indicam que a tempestade foi multicelular. A tempestade foi caracterizada por topos profundos, intensa produção de gelo e alta taxa de relâmpagos intra-nuvem (até 160 por min) e nuvem-solo (até 20 por min) antes da ocorrência do granizo, indicando o potencial do uso de dados de relâmpagos como um parâmetro preditor da ocorrência de granizo em superfície.
Vitamin D deficiency in relation with the systemic and central inflammation during multiple sclerosis
Authors: Feki Sawsan , Naifar Manel , Dammak Mariem , Majdoub Sabrina , Sakka Salma , Ben Ali , Hachicha Hend , Mhiri Chokri , Ayadi Fatma , Masmoudi Hatem
Published: December 2022

Background: During the last decade, vitamin D (VitD) has become a topic of interest in immune regulation, especially in multiple sclerosis (MS) disease. Amongst the wide range of effects reported for this vitamin on the immune system, a regulatory role on cytokines production has been described. Our aim is to analyze the status of VitD and its correlation with the circulating inflammation and the intrathecal humoral response during MS. Methods: We analyzed samples of 318 individuals: 108 MS patients and 210 controls. Determination of 25-(OH) VitD3 level in serum was made using electrochemiluminescence method. Circulating inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-a, IL12p70 and IL-1b) were investigated using Cytometer Bead Array Technology. The central humoral response was characterized using CSF isofocusing test and IgG Index calculation. Results: As expected, mean value of VitD was significantly lower in MS group (26 nmol/L) than in control group (34.75 nmol/L) (p=0.002), with a severe deficiency in 67% of MS patients. Mean value of VitD was significantly lower in MS female patients. Regarding cytokines, mean value of TNFa was significantly higher in MS patients with oligoclonal bands of IgG in the CSF. IL6 was positively correlated with IgG level in serum of MS patients. Conclusions: Our results support the association of VitD deficiency with MS, especially in female patients of our region. However, the vitamin level seems to not correlate with inflammatory cytokines nor with disability. Interestingly, TNFa and IL6 levels were correlated with the intrathecal synthesis of IgG and the circulating IgG level, respectively.
Evaluation of a Finite Difference Helicoidal Shell Analysis by Comparison with Test Results for a Marine Propeller
Authors: Westervelt W. W.
Published: December 2022

The ability to predict the blade natural frequencies and the stresses under operating conditions is a necessary requirement of the blade design process. This requires an accurate definition of the steady and cyclic pressure loads over the blade surface. It also requires an appropriate structural model and analytic procedure for solving the structural response of the blade.

This paper presents the results achieved by application of a finite difference helicoidal shell analysis computer program to a supercavitating marine propeller blade. The natural frequencies, mode shapes, steady stress and cyclic stress are evaluated, and the results are compared to measured values. Comparison with test results is made using both analytically derived and measured pressure distributions.

Correlation of measured and calculated "in air" natural frequencies and mode shapes is quite good particularly for the higher modes. The calculated stresses agree well when compared to calculations based upon measured pressures.
Structural Analysis of Propellers Rotating Under Water Using Holography
Authors: Sikora Jerome P.
Published: December 2022

A structural analysis has been performed on a marine propeller blade model operating under water. Holographic interferometry was used to measure the three-dimensional displacement components from which changes in the angle of attack, loads, and surface stresses were determined.
Design of Machinery Test Model for Hydrodynamically Coupled Contra-Rotating Propellers
Authors: Folenta D. , Dashnaw F.
Published: December 2022

The subject of contra-rotating propellers is now receiving more attention in the light of the increasing cost of marine fuels. There is nearly universal agreement that the use of contra-rotating propellers significantly improves propulsive efficiency. This work is part of a comprehensive program to establish the technical and economic merits of hydrodynamically coupled contra-rotating propellers via epicyclic gear as opposed to the more costly and complex alternate mechanically or thermodynamically coupled arrangements. This paper briefly describes the program and more specifically describes the model test rig that has been designed and constructed for use in the test and evaluation of two contra-rotating propeller designs as compared with the best available single propeller design operating on a selected model hull. The test rig will be used to generate performance data under various simulated operating conditions. Sketches, drawings, and other data depicting the test rig are included.
Off-Design Performance Analysis of Ducted Propellers
Authors: Caracostas Nicholas
Published: December 2022

The paper presents an outline of a new theoretical method for the calculation of the off-design performance characteristics of ducted propellers. The model for the duct performance calculation is an advanced non-linear model based on surface vorticity distribution techniques. The propeller model is a combination of principles postulated by momentum, blade-element and lifting line with lifting surface corrections theories of propeller action.
Usefulness of Quasi-Steady Approach for Estimation of Propeller
Bearing Forces
Authors: Sasajima Takao
Published: December 2022

Advantages of quasi-steady method in estimating propeller bearing forces are examined. It was found that the three-dimensional response of the propeller blade in sinusoidal gust is well predicted by the gust averaged a long the chord with weight f unction similar to the vortex distribution of a flat plate. Using this idea, a modified quasi-steady method for calculating propeller bearing forces was constructed. Comparison of the calculated results with model and full scale data showed good agreement and effectiveness of this met hod in practical application was shown.
Propeller-Duct Interaction Due to Loading and Thickness Effects
Authors: Tsakonas S. , Jacobs W. R.
Published: December 2022

The unsteady lifting surface theory has been utilized in the study of the hydrodynamic interaction of a propeller and enshrouding nozzle when both lifting surfaces are immersed in a non-uniform inf low field (hull wake). The actual geometry of propeller and enshrouding duct, including their thicknesses, camber distributions and the conicity angle of the duct are taken into account. A numerical ana lysis and corresponding computer program have also been developed, adaptable to a high-speed digital computer furnishing information about the steady and time-dependent pressure (loading) distributions on both lifting surfaces and the resulting hydrodynamic forces and moments generated by this propulsive device.
The Lumberton, North Carolina flood of 2016, wave 4 :
Authors: Watson Maria , Crawford Shane , Sutley Elaina J , Loerzel Jarrod , Dillard Maria , Helgeson Jennifer , van de Lindt John , Peacock Walter Gillis , Mitrani-Reiser Judith
Published: December 2022

This report documents the study conducted in Lumberton, North Carolina in 2022. Statement of purpose, scope, methods, results, and recommendations are contained herein.
Students’ perceptions of the learning environment at a medical school in Korea: comparisons of the most recent 4 years’ results using the Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM)
Authors: Kim Sejin
Published: December 2022

Background: The learning environment is an essential factor influencing students’ educational processes and personal quality of life. The purpose of this study was to examine medical students’ perceptions of the learning environment at a medical school over the most recent 4 years and explore possibilities for learning environment reform and revision based on the results.Methods: Participating students were asked about their perceptions of the learning environment using the Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) questionnaire, which was distributed to first-year, third-year, and fourth-year students, representing each learning period. In total, 349 students participated in this study. Analysis of variance was conducted to determine differences in DREEM scores among years and learning periods.Results: There were no statistically significant differences in DREEM scores by year and learning period, except for students’ perceptions of teachers and students’ perceptions of atmosphere. However, in an analysis of differences in DREEM scores in the class of 2018 cohort by learning period, four domains of the DREEM (except for students’ academic self-perceptions) and the total DREEM score were found to be significantly different.Conclusions: Students’ perceptions of the learning environment at Kosin University College of Medicine were relatively high. The total score increased from 2019 to 2022, except for 2021. Another significant result was that basic science students had the highest perceptions, whereas students in basic clinical science had the lowest perceptions. To improve the learning environment for medical students, continuing support for students’ emotional stability, learning motivation, physical environment, social relationships, and counseling is essential.
Four Notions of Fault for Program Specifications
Authors:   Informatics Institute, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Bergstra Jan
Published: December 2022

Four notions of fault are proposed for program specifications each inspired by notions of fault for programs: symptomatic failure resolution fault, Laski fault, MFJ fault and regression test justification of change fault (RTJoC fault). Examples are provided in terms of the PGA style theory of instruction sequences. Each of the notions of fault is based on the contrast between technical specification and requirements specification. The latter contrast is discussed in detail.
Program Algebra for Random Access Machine Programs
Authors:   Informatics Institute, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 900, 1098 XH Amsterdam, the Netherlands, Middelburg Cornelis
Published: December 2022

This paper presents an algebraic theory of instruction sequences with instructions for a random access machine (RAM) as basic instructions, the behaviours produced by the instruction sequences concerned under execution, and the interaction between such behaviours and RAM memories. This theory provides a setting for the development of theory in areas such as computational complexity and analysis of algorithms that distinguishes itself by offering the possibility of equational reasoning to establish whether an instruction sequence computes a given function and being more general than the setting provided by any known version of the RAM model of computation. In this setting, a semi-realistic version of the RAM model of computation and a bit-oriented time complexity measure for this version are introduced. Under the time measure concerned, semi-realistic RAMs can be simulated by multi-tape Turing machines with quadratic time overhead.
Estimation of common percentile of rainfall datasets in Thailand using delta-lognormal distributions
Authors: Thangjai Warisa , Niwitpong Sa-Aat , Niwitpong Suparat
Published: December 2022

Weighted percentiles in many areas can be used to investigate the overall trend in a particular context. In this article, the confidence intervals for the common percentile are constructed to estimate rainfall in Thailand. The confidence interval for the common percentile help to indicate intensity of rainfall. Herein, four new approaches for estimating confidence intervals for the common percentile of several delta-lognormal distributions are presented: the fiducial generalized confidence interval, the adjusted method of variance estimates recovery, and two Bayesian approaches using fiducial quantity and approximate fiducial distribution. The Monte Carlo simulation was used to evaluate the coverage probabilities and average lengths via the R statistical program. The proposed confidence intervals are compared in terms of their coverage probabilities and average lengths, and the results of a comparative study based on these metrics indicate that one of the Bayesian confidence intervals is better than the others. The efficacies of the approaches are also illustrated by applying them to daily rainfall datasets from various regions in Thailand.
Who was first? Mary Magdalene, Peter and the Ending of Mark
Authors: Tönsing Johanna Gertrud
Published: December 2022

This article discusses one of the most perplexing questions in textual criticism – the wide variety of endings for the gospel of Mark. The most reliable early manuscripts end at verse 8, but this is a very strange ending, and other endings seem to have been added later: the shorter and the longer ending. The article discusses various hypotheses about whether an original ending was lost or whether this ending was deliberate and concludes that Mark decided to end this way because of conflicting versions of the Easter story circulating in his community: One was the early traditional version, probably proclaimed by the Jerusalem apostles and taken up by Paul, that Peter was the first one to see the risen Christ. The other was more controversial and had implications for questions of authority and leadership in the church: the testimony that Mary Magdalene, or several women, were first. Mark chose to allow the women the place of first witnesses to the empty tomb, but to leave open the question of who had the first encounter with the risen Christ. The different factions were then free to choose their own ending. As the empty tomb was not an integral part of the Petrine resurrection narrative, Mark’s version did not undermine this early Easter account, but opened the way to integrate the women’s story in official Christian tradition. Keywords: Ending of Mark, Mark 16, Mary Magdalene, Resurrection, Empty Tomb, Easter, Mark 16:8
Proverbs 28:20, 22 and Nigerian Youth’s Drive for Rapid Money
Authors: Uroko Favour C.
Published: December 2022

While in the last decade the Nigerian youth quest for wealth has entered into the mainstream of Old Testament studies, Proverbs 28:20,22 have remained largely unexplored from this perspective. To address this omission, I intend to draw attention to the value of looking at the unbridled quest of Nigerian youth to get rich quickly through the lens of the pericope. Many investors fall prey to ponzi schemes, which are a type of investment scam. They are duped into believing that their money will return 100% in a short amount of time. Many ambitious investors have lost their money as a result of such schemes, which are unlawful and offer unrealistic profits. Proverbs 28:20,22 exist in a cultural context and communicate common values and beliefs in a community such as Nigeria. The rhetor encourages his audience to be faithful so that in the short and long run they will enjoy the needed blessings. This article explores the significance of using Proverbs 28:20,22 for interpreting youth participation in ponzi schemes. Furthermore, I demonstrated that greed and lack of patience are the remote causes of youth falling prey to ponzi schemes. The rhetoric analysis was used as the methodology due to the various rhetoric axioms that the rhetor employed in the pericope. It is believed that the pericope will speak anew to the youth quest for quick money. Keywords: Proverbs, Youth, Greed, Ponzi schemes, Old Testament
Atrial Fibrillation Masquerading as Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome
Authors: Acharya Sourya , Kamat Sandeep , Shukla Samarth , Kumar Sunil
Published: December 2022

Atrial Fibrillation (AF) can complicate Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome. The characteristic feature of AF associated with preexcitation is the irregular WCT with varying morphology of QRS complexes, with a rate more than 200 beats per minute. Delta waves may be obscured when atria discharge at a rate of more than 300 bpm. This case describes rare ECG features of AF that may resemble AF with pre-excitation. Organised atrial activity may masquerade as short PR interval and delta patterns. QRS morphology does not change in AF.
Temitomyces heimii– A Nutritious and Medicinally Important Wild Edible Mushroom of Similipal Forests, Odisha Boosting Tribal Health and Economy
Authors: Kulkarni Supriya , Joshi Santosh , Thatoi Hrudayanath
Published: December 2022

Mushrooms are consumed worldwide because of their nutritional, medicinal values as well as pleasant taste and flavour. Wild edible mushrooms are source of livelihood for poor and landless people which they consume and sell the surplus mushrooms in the nearby market. Many people are not aware about the edibility of wild mushrooms which are generally confined to the tribal areas. However, tribals are aware of the edible mushrooms due to their age-old traditional uses and fond of hunting mushrooms during rainy season. The present paper deals with availability, collection, consumption pattern of wild edible mushrooms by tribals communities, along with preservation and economical contribution of Termitomyces heimii, a popular wild edible mushrooms profusely growing during rainy season of the Similipal, state of Odisha, India.

Similipal has a greater diversity of mushrooms throughout the length and breadth due to its varying soil and climate conditions. T. heimii collected the tribal people from near forest area in 4-5 different times in huge quantities during July to October. It partly consumed and rest of the mushroom are sold in the market at a price of Rupees 300/- to 400/-. Termitomyces were more frequently available in Sal (Shorea robusta) forests. Many traders visit forest fringe villages and collect this mushroom from local collector’s and sell it in the marker with profit. Due to its taste, the mushroom has got very high demand in this locality that, it is sold within 5-6 hours after reaching to market. It is assessed that mushrooms worth 14 lakhs are sold in Baripada alone a nearly town of Similipal. The valuation T. heimii alone made by the authors during the field assessment showed that, the entire of Similipal is contributing economically nearly 1.2 crore value of mushrooms as contribution towards livelihood of tribal people. In interior areas tribal people preserve the mushrooms after drying it and consume later during after the season is end. During the study, a survey was conducted in villages adjoining to the forests and local markets to assess the quantities of mushrooms collected from forest and the value of selling valve on the market. Exercise was conducted to know the traditional preservation practice of this mushroom by tribals. From the present investigation, it is concluded that T. heimii is an important wild edible mushroom from Similipal which provides, nutrition and economic boost to the tribals in Similipal region. This promising species can be explored for its domestication in view of its preferred food value as well as a livelihood support of the rural poor people.
Bamboo Shoot Processing-effects on Nutritional and Anti-nutritional Quality from Assam, India
Authors: Chetia Indrani , Rathi Sunayana , Purkayastha Manashi Das , Saikia Ananta , Baishya Samindra
Published: December 2022

The present investigation was designed to find out the nutritional potential of some local edible bamboo (Bambusa spp.) shoot species and the impact of different processing methods on it. Sliced bamboo shoot pieces were treated with soaking in water for 30 min, boiling in water for 10 min, boiling in 1% NaCl solution for 10 min, boiling in 5% NaCl solution for 10 min and steaming for 10 min. There were significant variations (P< 0.05) in ash, crude protein, total carbohydrate, minerals, ascorbic acid, phenol, flavonoid, and tannin contents. Boiling in 1% NaCl solution for 10 min was found best in retaining the nutrients with a significant (P< 0.05) reduction in cyanide content. Overall, bamboo shoots confer numerous health beneficial activities and have the potential to be used as bioactive.
Preparation of Ceramsite from Solid Waste
Authors: Si Maqianwen
Published: December 2022

A large number of solid waste stockpiles produce pollution and harm to the atmosphere, soil, water bodies, and biosphere. Ceramic pellets are an emerging material with excellent performance and wide application. Ceramic pellets have many good properties, so they are widely researched and applied, especially in recent years, the research and application of ceramic pellets in construction projects are particularly prominent in the research process of industrial solid waste resourceization, which can not only consume a large amount of industrial solid waste, but also can achieve greater economic benefits. The characteristics, properties, classification of ceramic pellets, research and application status of ceramic pellets using industrial solid waste at home and abroad are reviewed.
A Study on the Improvement of Special Wrench for K-Series Self-Propelled Howitzer Power-Pack
Authors: Kim Sang-hyeok , Park Gu-tae , Lee Hun-kee
Published: December 2022

This study investigates improvement of torsional strength of special wrench for K-series self-propelled howitzer power-pack maintenance. In order to maintain the power-pack, special wrench is one of the essential tools for assembling/disassemblimg the engine and transmission. However, failures(plastic deformation, fracture phenomenon and etc.) have been frequently reported even though special wrench was used within recommended standard torque range. Therefore, in this study, finite element analysis using ABAQUS was performed and modification of design parameters have been proposed. Prototypes based on the proposed parameters were manufactured and torsional experiment(torque about 130 % of recommend maximum torque) validated the newly proposed design parameters. Special wrench based on this study is applied to mass production and currently used for the maintenance.
Optimal Design of the Flexure Mount for Optical Mirror Using Topology Optimization Considering Thermal Stress Constraint
Authors: Lee Kyoungho , Lee Joong Seok
Published: December 2022

An optical mirror assembly is an opto-mechanically coupled system as the optical and mechanical behaviors interact. In the assembly, a flexure mount attached to an optical mirror should be flexible in the radial direction, but rigid for the remaining degrees of freedom for supporting the mirror rigidly and suppressing the wavefront error of the optical mirror. This work presents an optimal design of the flexure mount using topology optimization with thermal stress constraint. By simplifying the optical mirror assembly into finite shell elements, topology optimization model was built for efficient design and good machinability. The stress at the boundary between the optical mirror and the mount together with the first natural frequency were applied as constraints for the optimization problem, while the objective function was set to minimize the strain energy. As a result, we obtained the optimal design of the flexure mount yielding the improved wavefront error, proper rigidity, and machinability.
Interferon receptor recognition peptides enhance the biological potency of interferon alphas
Authors: Fish E.N.
Published: July 2002

Based on our earlier studies that defined three strategic regions in the Type 1 interferon (IFN) molecule associated with receptor interactions and biological activity, three IFN receptor recognition peptides (IRRP) were synthesized, with amino acid sequences CLKDRHD (IRRP) were synthesized, with amino (IRRP2) and YFQRITLYLTEKKYSPCA (IRRP3) and examined for biological effectiveness. In cell surface receptor binding studies, the binding capacity of cells for IFN‐αs was increased in the presence of the IRRPs. Increased receptor occupancy resulted in increased phosphorylation‐activation of the transcription factor ISGF3 and enhanced antiviral activity. The potentiating effect on IFN‐induced growth inhibition was less marked. These data suggest that the IRRPs may influence the biological potency of IFN‐α by facilitating accessibility to cell surface receptor components. The IRRPs may function to increase the number of low affinity receptor‐ligand interactions necessary to initiate receptor oligomerization, thereby catalysing the formation of high IFN‐receptor complexes.
Celiprolol augments the effect of physical exercise on insulin sensitivity and serum lipid levels in chronic heart failure
Authors: Pietilä Mikko , Malminiemi Kimmo , Huupponen Risto , Rouru Juha , Pulkki Kari , Pere Erkki , Voipio‐Pulkki Liisa‐Maria
Published: July 2002

Purpose:

Impaired insulin sensitivity has been linked with chronic heart failure (CHF). Exercise has a beneficial effect on insulin sensitivity in healthy subjects. It is used also as an adjunctive therapy in patients with CHF. We studied the effect of randomized treatment with celiprolol, a vasodilating β1‐adrenoceptor antagonist, 200 mg once daily (n=20) or placebo (n=11) on serum lipid levels and insulin sensitivity in patients with CHF. In addition, all subjects participated in a 6‐month exercise training protocol. Thirteen subjects in the celiprolol and eight subjects in the control group were on additional β1‐adrenoceptor antagonist as part of their tailored CHF therapy. Insulin sensitivity was determined using the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp test (diabetic subjects excluded, n=11 for the celiprolol group and n=8 for the placebo group).

Results:

Insulin sensitivity index (ISI) increased by 33% (P<0.05) in the celiprolol group and by 17% (NS) in the control group. The mean increase in the whole group was 20% [from 68.2±11.5 to 81.7±10.7 ml/min/kg (mU/l), P<0.05]. No change was found in the total cholesterol level. HDL cholesterol levels increased by 12% (from 0.98±0.05 to 1.10±0.05 mmol/l, P<0.005), and HDL/total cholesterol and HDL/LDL cholesterol ratios by 15% and 16%, respectively (P<0.005). The increase in serum fasting HDL cholesterol level was greater in the celiprolol‐treated group (P<0.05). At baseline ISI correlated with maximal oxygen uptake (r=0.65, P<0.0001) and body mass index (r=−0.55, P<0.001). The change in ISI correlated weakly with the improvement in muscle exercise capacity (r=0.53, P<0.05).

Conclusions:

Insulin sensitivity and serum lipid levels may be favorably affected by exercise training in subjects with mild‐to‐moderate CHF. Celiprolol, a vasodilating β1‐ selective adrenoceptor antagonist, potentiates this effect.
Bronchial Chlamydia pneumoniae infection, markers of allergic inflammation and lung function in children
Authors: Schmidt Sebastian M. , Müller Cornelia E. , Bruns Roswitha , Wiersbitzky Siegfried K. W.
Published: July 2002

A relationship between respiratory Chlamydia pneumoniae infection (RCPI) and bronchial asthma is under discussion. Our objective was to study the frequency of RCPI and whether it is associated with markers of asthma in children with recurrent or chronic bronchitis as well as pneumonia. One‐hundred and forty‐eight children who underwent bronchoscopy were enrolled; 42 children with additional respiratory infections were excluded. Therefore, 106 children were examined, regarding a RCPI, by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of tracheobronchial aspirate, eosinophilic inflammation of respiratory mucosa (cytology, eosinophilic cationic protein [ECP]), total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) and specific IgE for six important allergens, as well as lung function tests if possible. There was a RCPI in 55 of 106 children (51.9%); 25.4% of PCR positives (14/55) were weakly positive (double cut‐off), which was more prevalent in the 2–5‐year age‐group and teenagers. Children with RCPI, inclusive of weak positives, showed a milder eosinophilia of nasal mucosa than children without RCPI (5.58% vs. 9.35%, p=0.039). Eosinophilia of ≥13% in nasal‐ and/or bronchial swab, as a marker for respiratory allergy, was less frequent in patients with RCPI too (7.3% vs. 21.6%, p=0.035). There were no differences in ECP. Total IgE was lower in PCR‐positive children (101 vs. 179 IU/ml, p=0.032). Specific IgE with a radioallergosorbent test (RAST) of at least class 3 (as a marker for a relevant allergy), as well as any RAST above zero (to characterize early forms of allergy), were both less frequent in the RCPI group. In contrast, weak positives showed the highest rates of sensitization, surpassing RCPI negatives. In lung‐function tests, vital capacity was lower in RCPI patients (87.5% vs. 95.3%, p=0.045); all parameters characterizing obstructive disturbance tended to be higher. Weak positives had both the greatest reduction of vital capacity (75.3%) and the most impaired obstructive parameters. All differences were accentuated in children of 11–18 years of age. Hence, our results indicate that in the children selected, a RCPI is common and not associated with allergic respiratory inflammation. Weak positives, however, differ, having the highest rate of allergic sensitization, reduction of lung volume, and obstructive disturbance. This group might be important in clinically observed asthma after pneumonia caused by C. pneumoniae. In these children, early diagnosis and treatment of a RCPI is recommended.
Fructosamine 3-kinase is involved in an intracellular deglycation pathway in human erythrocytes
Authors: DELPIERRE Ghislain , COLLARD François , FORTPIED Juliette , VAN SCHAFTINGEN Emile
Published: July 2002

Fructosamine 3-kinase, which phosphorylates low-molecular-mass and protein-bound fructosamines on the third carbon of their deoxyfructose moiety, is quite active in erythrocytes, and was proposed to initiate a process removing fructosamine residues from proteins. In the present study, we show that incubation of human erythrocytes with 200mM glucose not only caused the progressive formation of glycated haemoglobin, but also increased the level of an anionic form of haemoglobin containing alkali-labile phosphate, to approx. 5% of total haemoglobin. 1-Deoxy-1-morpholinofructose (DMF), a substrate and competitive inhibitor of fructosamine 3-kinase, doubled the rate of accumulation of glycated haemoglobin, but markedly decreased the amount of haemoglobin containing alkali-labile phosphate. The latter corresponds therefore to haemoglobin bound to a fructosamine 3-phosphate group (FN3P-Hb). Returning erythrocytes incubated with 200mM glucose and DMF to a low-glucose medium devoid of DMF caused a decrease in the amount of glycated haemoglobin, a transient increase in FN3P-Hb and a net decrease in the sum (glycated haemoglobin+FN3P-Hb). These effects were prevented by DMF, indicating that fructosamine 3-kinase is involved in the removal of fructosamine residues. The second step of this ‘deglycation’ process is most likely a spontaneous decomposition of the fructosamine 3-phosphate residues to a free amine, 3-deoxyglucosone and Pi. This is consistent with the findings that 2-oxo-3-deoxygluconate, the product of 3-deoxyglucosone oxidation, is formed in erythrocytes incubated for 2days with 200mM glucose in a sufficient amount to account for the removal of fructosamine residues from proteins, and that DMF appears to inhibit the formation of 2-oxo-3-deoxygluconate from elevated glucose concentrations.
Dematin interacts with the Ras‐guanine nucleotide exchange factor Ras‐GRF2 and modulates mitogen‐activated protein kinase pathways
Authors: Lutchman Mohini , Kim Anthony C. , Cheng Li , Whitehead Ian P. , Oh S. Steven , Hanspal Manjit , Boukharov Andrey A. , Hanada Toshihiko , Chishti Athar H.
Published: July 2002

Erythroid dematin is a major component of red blood cell junctional complexes that link the spectrin–actin cytoskeleton to the overlying plasma membrane. Transcripts of dematin are widely distributed including human brain, heart, lung, skeletal muscle, and kidney. In vitro, dematin binds and bundles actin filaments in a phosphorylation‐dependent manner. The primary structure of dematin consists of a C‐terminal domain homologous to the ‘headpiece’ domain of villin, an actin‐binding protein of the brush border cytoskeleton. Except filamentous actin, no other binding partners of dematin have been identified. To investigate the physiological function of dematin, we employed the yeast two‐hybrid assay to identify dematin‐interacting proteins in the adult human brain. Here, we show that dematin interacts with the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Ras‐GRF2 by yeast two‐hybrid assay, and this interaction is further confirmed by blot overlay, surface plasmon resonance, co‐transfection, and co‐immunoprecipitation assays. Human Ras‐GRF2 is expressed in a variety of tissues and, similar to other guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), displays anchorage independent growth in soft agar. Co‐transfection and immunoblotting experiments revealed that dematin blocks transcriptional activation of Jun by Ras‐GRF2 and activates ERK1 via a Ras‐GRF2 independent pathway. Because much of the present evidence has centered on the identification of the Rho family of GTPases as key regulators of the actin cytoskeleton, the direct association between dematin and Ras‐GRF2 may provide an alternate mechanism for regulating the activation of Rac and Ras GTPases via the actin cytoskeleton.
Changes in plasma enzyme activity after intramuscular injection of bupivacaine into the human biceps brachii
Authors: Nosaka K. , Sakamoto K.
Published: July 2002

The purpose of this study was to examine the time course of changes in plasma creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity after intramuscular injection of 0.5% bupivacaine (BPVC). A total of 10 mL BPVC was injected into the biceps brachii (two sites, 5 mL per site) of five healthy, male subjects. Blood samples were obtained from the antecubital vein before and 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h after the injection. Affected muscle size was visualized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which was performed 4 days after the injection. Plasma CK activity started to increase 2 h and peaked 12 h after the injection. The peak CK activity (470 ± 62 IU L–1) was approximately four times the pre‐injection value (133 ± 24 IU L–1), and no additional increase was observed after 24 h. Plasma LDH, AST and ALT activities did not change significantly over time. Muscle around the injection sites showed increased T2 signal intensity using MRI. When smaller (2 mL) or larger (20 mL) amounts of BPVC were injected into the biceps brachii in additional experiments, the amount of increase in plasma CK activity appeared to be related to the size of the affected muscle. It was concluded that CK started to leak from damaged muscle cells shortly after the BPVC injection, and the amount of increase in plasma CK activity appeared to reflect the amount of muscle damage.
Variant Philadelphia translocations in chronic myeloid leukaemia can mimic typical blast crisis chromosome abnormalities or classic t(9;22): a report of two cases
Authors: Reid Alistair , Gribble Susan M. , Huntly Brian J. P. , Andrews Kathryn M. , Campbell Lynda , Grace Colin D. , Wood Marion E. , Green Anthony R. , Nacheva Ellie P.
Published: July 2002

A range of fluorescent in situ hybridization techniques have been used to reveal hidden variant Philadelphia translocations in two cases of Ph‐positive chronic‐phase chronic myeloid leukaemia. In one patient, a highly complex variant Ph translocation affecting four chromosomes had resulted in the formation of structures with the appearance of i(17q) and +8. Misinterpretation of these karyotypes has direct clinical relevance. Our findings illustrate that even established cytogenetic abnormalities may contain cryptic abnormalities beyond the resolution of conventional cytogenetic methods.