bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neuromuscular Adaptations After 2 and 4 Weeks of 80% Versus 30% 1 Repetition Maximum Resistance Training to Failure
Authors: Jenkins Nathaniel D.M. , Housh Terry J. , Buckner Samuel L. , Bergstrom Haley C. , Cochrane Kristen C. , Hill Ethan C. , Smith Cory M. , Schmidt Richard J. , Johnson Glen O. , Cramer Joel T.
Published: December 2015

Jenkins, NDM, Housh, TJ, Buckner, SL, Bergstrom, HC, Cochrane, KC, Hill, EC, Smith, CM, Schmidt, RJ, Johnson, GO, and Cramer, JT. Neuromuscular adaptations after 2 and 4 weeks of 80% versus 30% 1 repetition maximum resistance training to failure. J Strength Cond Res 30(8): 2174–2185, 2016—The purpose of this study was to investigate the hypertrophic, strength, and neuromuscular adaptations to 2 and 4 weeks of resistance training at 80 vs. 30% 1 repetition maximum (1RM) in untrained men. Fifteen untrained men (mean ± SD; age = 21.7 ± 2.4 years; weight = 84.7 ± 23.5 kg) were randomly assigned to either a high-load (n = 7) or low-load (n = 8) resistance training group and completed forearm flexion resistance training to failure 3 times per week for 4 weeks. Forearm flexor muscle thickness (MT) and echo intensity, maximal voluntary isometric (MVIC) and 1RM strength, and the electromyographic, mechanomyographic (MMG), and percent voluntary activation (%VA) responses at 10–100% of MVIC were determined at baseline, 2, and 4 weeks of training. The MT increased from baseline (2.9 ± 0.1 cm) to week 2 (3.0 ± 0.1 cm) and to week 4 (3.1 ± 0.1 cm) for the 80 and 30% 1RM groups. MVIC increased from week 2 (121.5 ± 19.1 Nm) to week 4 (138.6 ± 22.1 Nm) and 1RM increased from baseline (16.7 ± 1.6 kg) to weeks 2 and 4 (19.2 ± 1.9 and 20.5 ± 1.8 kg) in the 80% 1RM group only. The MMG amplitude at 80 and 90% MVIC decreased from baseline to week 4, and %VA increased at 20 and 30% MVIC for both groups. Resistance training to failure at 80 vs. 30% 1RM elicited similar muscle hypertrophy, but only 80% 1RM increased muscle strength. However, these disparate strength adaptations were difficult to explain with neuromuscular adaptations because they were subtle and similar for the 80 and 30% 1RM groups.
Role of co-regulators in metabolic and transcriptional actions of thyroid hormone
Authors: Astapova Inna
Published: December 2015

Thyroid hormone (TH) controls a wide range of physiological processes through TH receptor (TR) isoforms. Classically, TRs are proposed to function as tri-iodothyronine (T3)-dependent transcription factors: on positively regulated target genes, unliganded TRs mediate transcriptional repression through recruitment of co-repressor complexes, while T3binding leads to dismissal of co-repressors and recruitment of co-activators to activate transcription. Co-repressors and co-activators were proposed to play opposite roles in the regulation of negative T3target genes and hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis, but exact mechanisms of the negative regulation by TH have remained elusive. Important insights into the roles of co-repressors and co-activators in different physiological processes have been obtained using animal models with disrupted co-regulator function. At the same time, recent studies interrogating genome-wide TR binding have generated compelling new data regarding effects of T3, local chromatin structure, and specific response element configuration on TR recruitment and function leading to the proposal of new models of transcriptional regulation by TRs. This review discusses data obtained in various mouse models with manipulated function of nuclear receptor co-repressor (NCoR or NCOR1) and silencing mediator of retinoic acid receptor and thyroid hormone receptor (SMRT or NCOR2), and family of steroid receptor co-activators (SRCs also known as NCOAs) in the context of TH action, as well as insights into the function of co-regulators that may emerge from the genome-wide TR recruitment analysis.
Obesity does not aggravate osteoporosis or osteoblastic insulin resistance in orchiectomized rats
Authors: Potikanond Saranyapin , Rattanachote Pinyada , Pintana Hiranya , Suntornsaratoon Panan , Charoenphandhu Narattaphol , Chattipakorn Nipon , Chattipakorn Siriporn
Published: December 2015

The present study aimed to test the hypothesis that testosterone deprivation impairs osteoblastic insulin signaling, decreases osteoblast survival, reduces bone density, and that obesity aggravates those deleterious effects in testosterone-deprived rats. Twenty four male Wistar rats underwent either a bilateral orchiectomy (O,n=12) or a sham operation (S,n=12). Then the rats in each group were further divided into two subgroups fed with either a normal diet (ND) or a high-fat diet (HF) for 12 weeks. At the end of the protocol, blood samples were collected to determine metabolic parameters and osteocalcin ratios. The tibiae were collected to determine bone mass using microcomputed tomography and for osteoblast isolation. The results showed that rats fed with HF (sham-operated HF-fed rats (HFS) and ORX HF-fed rats (HFO)) developed peripheral insulin resistance and had decreased trabecular bone density. In ND-fed rats, only the ORX ND-fed rats (NDO) group had decreased trabecular bone density. In addition, osteoblastic insulin resistance, as indicated by a decrease in tyrosine phosphorylation of the insulin receptor and Akt, were observed in all groups except the sham-operated ND-fed rats (NDS) rats. Those groups, again with the exception of the NDS rats, also had decreased osteoblastic survival. No differences in the levels of osteoblastic insulin resistance and osteoblastic survival were found among the NDO, HFS, and HFO groups. These findings suggest that either testosterone deprivation or obesity alone can impair osteoblastic insulin signaling and decrease osteoblastic survival leading to the development of osteoporosis. However, obesity does not aggravate those deleterious effects in the bone of testosterone-deprived rats.
Lens-free Multi-Laser Spectral Light-Field Fusion Microscopy
Authors: Kazemzadeh Farnoud , Wong Alexander
Published: December 2015

We present a device and method for performing lens-free spectral
light-field fusion microscopy at sub-pixel resolutions while taking
advantage of the large field-of-view capability. A collection of
lasers at different wavelengths is used in pulsed mode and enables
the capture of interferometric light-field encodings of a specimen
placed near the detector. Numerically fusing the spectral complex
light-fields obtained from the encodings produces an image of the
specimen at higher resolution and signal-to-noise-ratio while suppressing
various aberrations and artifacts.
A Conditional Random Field Weakly Supervised Segmentation Approach for Segmenting keratocytes Cells in Corneal Optical Coherence Tomography Images
Authors: Boroomand Ameneh , Wong Alexander , Bizheva Kostadinka
Published: December 2015

Keratocytes are vital for maintaining the overall health of human
cornea as they preserve the corneal transparency and help in healing
corneal injuries. Manual segmentation of keratocytes is challenging,
time consuming and also needs an expert. Here, we propose
a novel semi-automatic segmentation framework, called Conditional
Random FieldWeakly Supervised Segmentation (CRF-WSS)
to perform the keratocytes cell segmentation. The proposed framework
exploits the concept of dictionary learning in a sparse model
along with the Conditional Random Field (CRF) modeling to segment
keratocytes cells in Ultra High Resolution Optical Coherence
Tomography (UHR-OCT) images of human cornea. The results
show higher accuracy for the proposed CRF-WSS framework compare
to the other tested Supervised Segmentation (SS) andWeakly
Supervised Segmentation (WSS) methods.
A Portable Plug-and-Play Imaging System for Physiological Monitoring
Authors: Amelard Robert , Leung Jason , Clausi David , Wong Alexander
Published: December 2015

Non-contact physiological monitoring has garnered interest in the
research community. However, studies employ different imaging
system configuration, including illuminant profile and wavelength,
camera type and frame rate, and distance to the skin. In this paper,
we propose an easily customizable imaging system for evaluating
physiological monitoring parameters. The system’s design allows
plug-and-play compatibility with various illumination sources,
camera types, lenses, and optical components. Results using one
configuration shows the feasibility of spatial blood perfusion analysis
using this imaging system, where areas exhibiting clean blood
pulsatility can be identified at the surface level.
Dar kartą apie intertekstualumą. Ką jis sako apie mokslinį tekstą? | Intertextuality in research writing revisited
Authors: Petrauskaitė Rūta , Šinkūnienė Jolanta
Published: December 2015

Nemažą bet kurio mokslinio teksto dalį sudaro įvairiai pavartojami kitų autorių tekstai, tad intertekstualumas, arba kitų tekstų panaudojimas naujame tekste, sulaukia nemažai dėmesio ir iš kalbininkų, ir iš bibliometrų, tai yra ir svarbus rodiklis mokslo vertinimo politikoje. Vienos iš intertekstualumo išraiškų moksliniame tekste – nuorodų į šaltinius –vartojimas yra išsamiai tyrinėtas anglakalbėje literatūroje, pastebėtos įdomios kokybinės ir kiekybinės nuorodų vartojimo tendencijos, atskleisti tarpdisciplininiai ypatumai. Lietuviškame moksliniame diskurse nuorodos į šaltinius yra beveik visai netyrinėtos. Šiame straipsnyje aptariami nuorodų į šaltinius moksliniame tekste rodikliai: nuorodų tankis, literatūros sąraše pateikiamų šaltinių publikavimo metai, pasikartojančių šaltinių dažnis, šaltinių įvairovės procentinis paskaičiavimas, vienanarių ir daugianarių nuorodų lizdų santykis, nuorodų pasiskirstymas teorinėje ir praktinėje darbo dalyse, literatūros šaltinių žanrinis santykis, citatų, persakymų ir percitavimų pasiskirstymas, jų pristatymas tekste ir nuorodų detalumas. Tyrimas atliktas remiantis dviem disertacijomis, pelniusiomis kasmetinį geriausios humanitarinių ir socialinių mokslų disertacijos apdovanojimą Lietuvos jaunųjų mokslininkų sąjungos organizuojamame konkurse. Aptariamos disertacijos atskleidžia skirtingus šaltinių panaudojimo būdus, kurie iliustruoja skirtingas argumentacijos ir šaltinių integravimo tradicijas atskirose disciplinose.
Contraceptive Provision to Adolescent Females Prescribed Teratogenic Medications
Authors: Stancil Stephani L. , Miller Melissa , Briggs Holley , Lynch Daryl , Goggin Kathy , Kearns Gregory
Published: December 2015

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Rates of adult women receiving contraceptive provision when simultaneously prescribed a known teratogen are alarmingly low. The prevalence of this behavior among pediatric providers and their adolescent patients is unknown. The objective of this study was to describe pediatric provider behaviors for prescribing teratogens concurrently with counseling, referral, and/or prescribing of contraception (collectively called contraceptive provision) in the adolescent population.

METHODS:

A retrospective review was conducted examining visits in 2008–2012 by adolescents aged 14 to 25 years in which a known teratogen (US Food and Drug Administration pregnancy risk category D or X) was prescribed. The electronic medical records were queried for demographic information, evidence of contraceptive provision, and menstrual and sexual histories. The data were analyzed using standard statistical methods.

RESULTS:

Within 4172 clinic visits, 1694 females received 4506 prescriptions for teratogenic medications. The most commonly prescribed teratogens were topiramate, methotrexate, diazepam, isotretinoin, and enalapril. The subspecialties prescribing teratogens most frequently were neurology, hematology-oncology, and dermatology. Overall, contraceptive provision was documented in 28.6% of the visits. Whites versus nonwhites and older versus younger girls were more likely to receive contraceptive provision. The presence of a federal risk mitigation system for the teratogen also increased the likelihood of contraceptive provision.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our data demonstrate female adolescents prescribed teratogens receive inadequate contraception provision, which could increase their risk for negative pregnancy outcomes. Although the presence of a federal risk mitigation system appears to improve contraceptive provision, these systems are costly and, in some instances, difficult to implement. Efforts to improve provider practices are needed.
DEZ ANOS DO PROGRAMA FEDERAL “BOLSA ATLETA”: uma descrição das modalidades paralímpicas (2005-2014)
Authors: Reis Rafael Estevam , Moraes e Silva Marcelo , Figuerôa Katiuscia Mello , De Almeida Bárbara Schausteck , Mezzadri Fernando Marinho
Published: December 2015

O presente artigo tem como objetivo realizar uma descrição do programa do governo federal denominado “Bolsa-Atleta”. As fontes utilizadas nas análises foram as listagens dos atletas contemplados disponibilizadas no site do Ministério do Esporte, delimitando o estudo entre os anos de 2005 a 2014. Destas foram utilizadas nas análises somente as informações referentes às modalidades paralímpicas, totalizando um número de 7815 bolsas concedidas. A título de conclusão, a pesquisa aponta que o “Bolsa-Atleta”, prioriza os esportistas com desempenho mais elevado, os do sexo masculino e os das regiões mais desenvolvidas economicamente.
Parallel Simulation of Quantum Search
Authors: Caraiman Simona , Manta Vasile
Published: December 2015

Simulation of quantum computers using classical computers is a computationally hard problem, requiring a huge amount of operations and storage. Parallelization can alleviate this problem, allowing the simulation of more qubits at the same time or the same number of qubits to be simulated in less time. A promising approach is represented by executing these simulators in Grid systems that can provide access to high performance resources. In this paper we present a parallel implementation of the QC-lib quantum computer simulator deployed as a Grid service. Using a specific scheme for partitioning the terms describing quantum states and efficient parallelization of the general singe qubit operator and of the controlled operators, very good speed-ups were obtained for the simulation of the quantum search problem.
Outcomes and Prognostic Factors in Radioiodine Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Carcinomas
Authors: Wassermann Johanna , Bernier Marie-Odile , Spano Jean-Philippe , Lepoutre-Lussey Charlotte , Buffet Camille , Simon Jean-Marc , Ménégaux Fabrice , Tissier Frédérique , Leban Monique , Leenhardt Laurence
Published: December 2015

Background.

Outcomes vary among patients with radioiodine refractory (RR) differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). The prognostic factors for survival are not well-known, resulting in difficulty in selecting patients for new targeted therapies. We assessed overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) from RR-DTC to identify prognostic factors associated with survival.

Patients and Methods.

The data on all cases of metastatic RR-DTC treated in our center from 1990 to 2011 were retrospectively reviewed. Survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method; associated prognostic factors were assessed using Cox's model.

Results.

Of 153 cases of metastatic DTC, 59% (n = 91) met a criterion for RR: that is, 60% (n = 55) had at least 1 metastasis without 131I uptake; 21% (n = 19) had progressive disease (PD) despite 131I; 19% (n = 17) had persistent disease despite a cumulative activity of 131I of ≥600 mCi. After the diagnosis of RR, median OS was 8.9 years (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.4-NR); median CSS was 9.6 years (95% CI: 6.01-NR). In multivariate analyses, PD despite 131I as a criterion for RR disease and the time from initial diagnosis of DTC to diagnosis of RR <3 years were the only independent prognostic factors for poor OS and CSS. Thyroglobulin doubling time (Tg-DT) was assessed in 31 of 91 cases. Among the 11 patients with Tg-DT for <1 year or undetectable Tg, 6 deaths occurred, whereas only 3 died of 20 patients with Tg-DT >1 year or negative Tg-DT.

Conclusion.

The identification of prognostic factors for decreased survival in RR-DTC may improve the selection of patients for targeted agents.
Click, Click
Authors: Adashek Jacob
Published: December 2015

A medical student reflects on his own experiences as a patient and how they will shape his practice as a physician.
Holistic perspective on Feedback for adult beginners in an online course of Swedish
Authors: Jakobson Liivi
Published: December 2015

Although several inquiries highlight the importance of feedback in language teaching and learning, there is a need for knowledge concerning a holistic perspective on feedback in the empirical context of written feedback for L2 adult beginners. The study reported here provides additional evidence about teachers’ actual feedback and student attitudes to feedback. The unit of analysis addresses a new context, namely Swedish as a second language, in an online course for adult beginners. The study included ten male and female university-level students with different cultural backgrounds. The purpose was to analyze several previously scientifically tested feedback categories for writing, which were conceptually replicated in the present study, as well as to additionally explore a new category for feedback on pronunciation in the same context. To establish causality, this study used attribution theory. The findings revealed top rankings for language accuracy and pronunciation in students’ evaluation. The teacher gave the most feedback on language accuracy. These results provide support for the importance of feedback on language accuracy which supports the empirical results of other inquiries. Furthermore, the study’s explorative findings support the need for further investigations on feedback on pronunciation. A proposition for future research is that more holistic type studies be conducted, including different categories and proficiency levels.
Domestic Debt and Sovereign Defaults
Authors: Mallucci Enrico
Published: December 2015

This paper examines how domestic holdings of government debt affect sovereign default risk and government debt management. I develop a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model with both external and domestic debt that endogenously generates output contraction upon default. Domestic holdings of government debt weaken investors' balance sheets and induce a contraction of credit and output upon default. I calibrate the model to the Argentinean economy and show that the model reproduces key empirical moments. Introducing domestic debt also yields relevant normative implications. While domestic debt is crucial to determining the risk of default, the efficient internal-external composition of debt cannot be achieved without government intervention. Pigouvian subsidies can restore efficiency.
Have Global Value Chains Contributed to Global Imbalances?
Authors: Haltmaier Jane
Published: December 2015

Global value chains (GVCs) have grown rapidly over the past several decades. Over the same period, the aggregate value of current account imbalances has risen substantially. This paper looks at whether these developments are related. While there is a sizable literature that has documented the rise of global production networks, there have been few attempts to assess the potential effect on global imbalances. The paper uses measures of GVCs developed in the literature in panel regressions to assess the effect on global imbalances over the period 1995- 2011. It is argued that these variables should be entered as a product rather than individually and that they should be lagged, not contemporaneous with the change in current account balances. The results suggest that GVC position weighted by participation and trade share is negatively related to a country’s current account balance, i.e., moving upstream in the production process is negative for a country’s current account. However, the effects on global imbalances over the period studied appear to be small.
“Stachtopouta” and “Nifitsa”: spinning tales in relation with feminine productivity and dowry practices of modern Greece
Authors: Kaplanoglou Marianthi
Published: December 2015

Stachtopouta (ATU 510A), una de les rondalles més populars de la tradició folklòrica grega, ha rebut recentment molta atenció des dels enfocaments pioners i innovadors d’estudiosos grecs i estrangers com ara D. Loukatos, Photeini P. Bourboulis, Nicole Belmont, Anna Angelopoulos, Margarita Xanthakou i Aigli Brouskou. Emmanouela Katrinaki, en el seu propi anàlisi de la versió grega de la Ventafocs, no només resumeix els enfocaments psicoanalítics existents basats en el rar element del matricidi de la rondalla grega sinó que també la col·loca en el marc d’altres rondalles en què apareix el tema del canibalisme imaginari. Un altre marc teòric sòlid ha estat proporcionat per Francisco Vaz da Silva en una sèrie d’articles sobre les versions europees (inclosa la grega) basat en el concepte dels allomotifs, les seves equivalències simbòliques i la seva comparació amb els costums populars correlacionats. Nifitsa, d’altra banda, un dels animals més comuns de la fauna grega, és l’heroïna d’una història de creences igualment ben coneguda, però menys estudiada. Encara que pertanyen a gèneres narratius diferents, la rondalla i la llegenda, respectivament, aquestes dues històries s’articulen entorn d’un mateix tema, l’activitat de filar. A través de l’estudi de l’apropiació narrativa d’aquest tema, aquest treball intenta establir les afinitats i les diferències entre les variants d’aquestes històries, tenint en compte la importància del seu ancoratge geogràfic i social. En aquest marc, les qüestions relatives a la productivitat femenina i les pràctiques d’acumulació de dots en les comunitats gregues modernes semblen tenir un paper important en la variació folklòrica.
La evaluación de segundas lenguas (L2). Balance y perspectivas
Authors: Bordón Teresa
Published: December 2015

La evaluación de L2 constituye un campo propio de la lingüística aplicada y su evolución va ligada a la de la ense.anza de la lengua. En este artículo se traza un breve recorrido histórico por el campo de esta disciplina y se analizan algunos de los asuntos de mayor relevancia tanto por su aplicación e impacto social, como por el interés que suscitan para la investigación.
Indigenous Tourism and Social Entrepreneurship in the Bolivian Amazon: Lessons from San Miguel del Bala
Authors: Peredo Bernardo , Wurzelmann Samuel
Published: December 2015

Abstract The impact of community-based ecotourism is contingent upon the community’s involvement in the development and management of activities, as well as their access to and the comprehensiveness of benefits. The ecotourism business owned by the Tacana Indigenous community of San Miguel in the Bolivian Amazon provides a model as to how Indigenous communities can harness social entrepreneurship to address economic, social, and environmental challenges. This article reviews the origins and development of this business, and draws on participant observation research, interviews, surveys, and economic analysis to illustrate the lessons learned and challenges faced. The findings are presented to inform existing and new Indigenous tourism ventures, policy considerations, and future research.
Las paradojas de las políticas centralistas en relación con la autonomía de las entidades territoriales en Colombia
Authors: Leiva Ramírez Eric
Published: December 2015

El proceso de descentralización territorial que pretendía la Asamblea Nacional Constituyente de 1991 se ha visto truncado por las políticas adoptadas por gobiernos centralistas a través de reformas constitucionales y de los desarrollos normativos de estas. La adopción de las políticas centralistas ha tenido como principal argumento la corrupción de los entes territoriales y la cientificidad del Gobierno nacional en el manejo de los recursos. No obstante, la realidad de los entes territoriales ha demostrado que las políticas centralistas no contribuyen al mejoramiento de sus condiciones políticas y económicas. Esto ha generado una seria reducción de la autonomía administrativa y política que deberían tener los entes territoriales según los parametros originales de la Constitución Política, lo que ha fortalecido el rezago económico y administrativo que tenían dichos entes con anterioridad a la Constitución Política de 1991.
“La parte alta del cerro es para los pequeños mineros”. Sobre la vigencia del régimen minero especial para Marmato y su influencia en la construcción de territorialidad
Authors: Lopera Mesa Gloria Patricia
Published: December 2015

Este artículo examina las circunstancias que motivaron la expedición de un régimen especial para las minas de Marmato a mediados del siglo XX, el cual reserva la parte alta del cerro para el ejercicio de la pequeña minería. Asimismo, explora la vigencia de dichas normas y la manera en que ellas han influido la construcción de territorialidad y el desarrollo de una forma de vida en torno al ejercicio de la pequeña minería tradicional.
Una alternativa contra la hipertrofia de la justicia constitucional chilena
Authors: Solari Enzo
Published: December 2015

Este artículo sugiere que se advierte un consenso en torno a la necesidad de recortar competencias del tribunal constitucional chileno, pero que la reflexión al respecto es aún poco desarrollada. Por eso, agrega que la justificación general de la jurisdicción constitucional tiene que argumentar que ella hace algo –velar epistémicamente por los resultados del proceso democrático– que no hacen ni el parlamento ni el gobierno, y que una justificación especial de la misma podría conducir a alguna forma de constitucionalismo débil y dialógico en la senda del nuevo modelo constitucional de la Commonwealth.
About the Editors
Authors: Research Group North East Third Sector
Published: December 2015

Details of this issue's editorial staff.
Third Sector Commentary: 'A view on neo-liberalism of the sector'
Authors: Mukungu Kate
Published: December 2015

As a participant in NETSRG, I verbally presented a review of the article by Kim (2013) focusing on voluntary and community sector (VCS) participation in the Self-Sufficiency Programme (SSP), the South Korean equivalent of Welfare to Work.  Here I present a written expansion of that verbal review, solely in relation to this article, as opposed to all three articles that made up the session on neo-liberalisation.  Before offering my thoughts on Kim’s work, I wish to explain it as my article of choice.  
Outputs Reviewed: Change Management
Authors: Research Group North East Third Sector
Published: December 2015

Crawford, L., & Nahmias, A. H. (2010). Competencies for managing change. International Journal of Project Management, 28(4), 405-412.

Bennett, H. (2012). Pricing out Third Sector Organisations: The unequal outcome of the Freud Report. UK Social Policy Association, http://www. social-policy. org. uk/lincoln2012/HayleyBennett% 20P3. pdf accessed, 12(12), 12.

Macmillan, R., Taylor, R., Arvidson, M., Soteri-Proctor, A., & Teasdale, S. (2013). The third sector in unsettled times: a field guide.
A criação no processo escatológico
Authors: Xavier Donizete José
Published: December 2015

O objetivo deste artigo é demonstrar que a questão semântica do conceito escatologia tem provocado, cada vez mais, novas inquietações teológicas na atualidade. A ideia nevrálgica que se desdobra está no fato de se perguntar pelo grau de independência em que se deve ser concedido à doutrina das coisas ultimas em relação à armação soteriológica fundamental, o futuro escatológico de toda a Criação. Em m, para que o leitor possa ter clareza sobre da temática abordada, o artigo procura evidenciar que a reexão teológica sobre a Criação na atualidade, por razões metodológicas, remete ao horizonte epistemológico de sua sistematização, a dimensão histórica e cosmológica do futuro esperado de toda a Criação.
Field dodder - how to control it?
Authors: Saric-Krsmanovic Marija , Vrbnicanin Sava
Published: December 2015

Broad geographic distribution and spectrum of hosts make field dodder,
Cuscuta campestris, one of the most widespread and most harmful pests among
flowering parasitic plants. Field dodder may become a problem in vegetable
nurseries (e.g. tomato, sweet pepper and cabbage) or in potato or some other
crop grown in plastic greenhouses. However, the most devastating damage comes
from field dodder outbreaks in newly-established perennial legume crops
(alfalfa, clover, etc.), which are generally the preferred hosts of this
parasitic flowering species. Apart from alfalfa and clover, an expansion of
field dodder has been observed in recent years in sugar beet, too. Different
measures are available for controlling field dodder, from preventive (pure
seeding material, tolerant cultivars, etc.), to mechanical removal (mowing
and hand weeding) to herbicide treatments. The most successful control of
field dodder requires a systematic approach ensured through integrated
protection, which contributes to a more effective control of parasitic
flowering plants.
Diversity of insect pollinators with reference to their impact on yield production of canola (Brassica napus L.) in Ismailia, Egypt
Authors: Kamel Soliman , Mahfouz Hatem , Blal Abd , Said Maysa , Mahmoud Mahmoud
Published: December 2015

A study of insect pollinators and their impact on canola yield was conducted
during the 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 growing seasons. The study was carried
out at an experimental farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University,
Ismailia. The results revealed that 21 species of insect pollinators
belonging to 14 families under four orders visited canola flowers. The
abundance of Hymenoptera insects reached the maximum of 67.90%, followed by
Diptera 14.97%, Coleoptera 13.61%, then Lepidoptera 2.26% as average of both
seasons. In open pollination, Colletes lacunatus had the maximum percent
abundance in the two seasons (30.45 and 29.34%, respectively) followed by
Apis mellifera (12.34 and 17.73%, respectively), compared to other bees and
different pollinators. Peaks of foraging activity of both C. lacunatus and
A. mellifera were mainly observed from 1:00 to 3:00 pm and they corresponded
to the number of flowering plants. Open pollination increased the number of
pods per plant, seeds per pod, weight of 1000 seeds, yield per plant, yield
per feddan (1 fed = 0.42 ha) and seed germination, compared to non-open
pollination.
Platform for a Technological Leap in Antibiotics
Authors: Heinzelmann Elsbeth
Published: December 2015

NTN Swiss Biotech™ brings together the Swiss Biotech Association SBA, which is involved in regulatory, financial and legal issues, and biotechnet Switzerland, which is active in translational R&D, to provide a technology base for joint projects. Biotechnet aims to push promising
domains by creating topic-oriented platforms that enable academia and industry to work together to produce R&D results of major importance to society and the economy. The first activity initiated by biotechnet is the Antibiotics Platform that has now been launched.
Pattern of Specific Dermatoses During Pregnancy
Authors: Afroz Rozina , Chowdhury Shahabuddin Ahmed , Mannan MA , Talukdar Sudarshan Kumar
Published: December 2015

Dermatoses unique to pregnancy are rare but important to recognize because they may be intensely pruritic or painful to the mother and they may pose significant risk to the patient, her fetus or both. Dermatoses of pregnancy usually does not get attention. Both the obstetrician and the patient are more focused on the pregnancy itself. Some dermatoses of pregnancy elevate the risk of adverse fetal events, it is critical to distinguish them from underlying skin conditions that simply present or flare during pregnancy. Early diagnosis and treatment may help to reduce morbidity and mortality to the gravid patient and her fetus and minimize fetal exposure to unnecessary treatments. This clinical study shows, about 8% pregnant women had specific dermatoses. Maximum 40 (41.6%) patients were in between the age of 25 to 29 years. According to trimester, 60 (62.5%) patients were in 3rd trimester. In case of gravida, maximum 59 (61.5%) patients were primigravida. In this study, pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy ( PUPPP ) was the most common dermatoses during pregnancy.Medicine Today 2015 Vol.27(1): 20-22
Addiction and Smoking Cessation
Authors: Hossain Md Delwar , Islam SAHM Mesbahul , Rashid Md Mamunur , Chowdhury Md Ashfaqul Islam , Bennoor Kazi Saifuddin , Patwary Md Ismail
Published: December 2015

Cigarette smoke contains a deadly mix of more than 7,000 chemicals, hundreds are toxic and about 70 can cause cancer. Cigarette smoke can cause serious health problems, numerous diseases and death. Fortunately, people who stop smoking greatly reduce their risk for disease and premature death. Although the health benefits are greater for people who stop at earlier ages, cessation is beneficial at all ages. There are various methods and approaches in quitting smoking. Currently, there are about 1.3 billion smokers the world, most (84%) of them in developing countries.If current smoking trends continue, tobacco will kill 10 million people each year by 2020.Medicine Today 2015 Vol.27(1): 30-33
Hydrodynamic Force Evaluation by Momentum Exchange Method in Lattice Boltzmann Simulations
Authors: Wen Binghai , Zhang Chaoying , Fang Haiping
Published: December 2015

As a native scheme to evaluate hydrodynamic force in the lattice Boltzmann method, the momentum exchange method has some excellent features, such as simplicity, accuracy, high efficiency and easy parallelization. Especially, it is independent of boundary geometry, preventing from solving the Navier–Stokes equations on complex boundary geometries in the boundary-integral methods. We review the origination and main developments of the momentum exchange method in lattice Boltzmann simulations. Then several practical techniques to fill newborn fluid nodes are discussed for the simulations of fluid-structure interactions. Finally, some representative applications show the wide applicability of the momentum exchange method, such as movements of rigid particles, interactions of deformation particles, particle suspensions in turbulent flow and multiphase flow, etc.
Comments by Author regarding: Levy, G.S. Thermoelectric Effects under Adiabatic Conditions. Entropy 2013, 15, 4700–4715
Authors: Levy George
Published: December 2015

This comment by the author discusses paragraph 3.3. Adiabatic Phenomena—An Analogy of the published article [1]. The paragraph draws an incorrect analogy between Maxwellian gases such as found in the atmosphere, and non-Maxwellian gases embodied, for example, by electrical carriers in thermoelectric materials. As reported by the author in more recent articles, Maxwellian gases do not produce spontaneous temperature gradients in the presence of a force field. However, non-Maxwellian gases, such as Fermions or Bosons, can produce such gradients.
Wave Energy Resource along the Coast of Santa Catarina (Brazil)
Authors: Contestabile Pasquale , Ferrante Vincenzo , Vicinanza Diego
Published: December 2015

Brazil has one of the largest electricity markets in South America, which needs to add 6000 MW of capacity every year in order to satisfy growing the demand from an increasing and more prosperous population. Apart from biomass, no other renewable energy sources, besides hydroelectricity, play a relevant role in the energy mix. The potential for wind and wave energy is very large. Brazil's Santa Catarina state government is starting a clean energy program in the state, which is expected to bring more than 1 GW of capacity. Assessment of wave energy resources is needed along the coastline. This work studied the potential wave energy along the north-central coasts of Santa Catarina, in Southern Brazil, by analysis of the hindcast data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). The annual offshore wave power was found to be equal to 15.25 kW/m, the bulk of which is provided by southeastern waves. The nearshore energetic patterns were studied by means of a numerical coastal propagation model (Mike21 SW). The mean wave power of 20 m isobaths is 11.43 kW/m. Supplementary considerations are drawn on realistic perspectives for wave energy converters installations.
A Study on Maximum Wind Power Penetration Limit in Island Power System Considering High-Voltage Direct Current Interconnections
Authors: Yoon Minhan , Yoon Yong-Tae , Jang Gilsoo
Published: December 2015

The variability and uncontrollability of wind power increases the difficulty for a power system operator to implement a wind power system with a high penetration rate. These are more serious factors to consider in small and isolated power systems since the system has small operating reserves and inertia to secure frequency and voltage. Typically, this difficulty can be reduced by interconnection with another robust power system using a controllable transmission system such as a high-voltage direct current (HVDC) system. However, the reliability and stability constraints of a power system has to be performed according to the HVDC system implementation. In this paper, the method for calculation of maximum wind power penetration in an island supplied by a HVDC power system is presented, and the operational strategy of a HVDC system is proposed to secure the power system reliability and stability. The case study is performed for the Jeju Island power system in the Korean smart grid demonstration area.
Selective Analysis of Sulfur-Containing Species in a Heavy Crude Oil by Deuterium Labeling Reactions and Ultrahigh Resolution Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Wang Xuxiao , Schrader Wolfgang
Published: December 2015

A heavy crude oil has been treated with deuterated alkylating reagents (CD3I and C2D5I) and directly analyzed without any prior fractionation and chromatographic separation by high-field Orbitrap Fourier Transform Mass Spectrometry (FTMS) and Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) using electrospray ionization (ESI). The reaction of a polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocycles (PASHs) dibenzothiophene (DBT), in the presence of silver tetrafluoroborate (AgBF4) with ethyl iodide (C2H5I) in anhydrous dichloroethane (DCE) was optimized as a sample reaction to study heavy crude oil mixtures, and the reaction yield was monitored and determined by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR). The obtained conditions were then applied to a mixture of standard aromatic CH-, N-, O- and S-containing compounds and then a heavy crude oil, and only sulfur-containing compounds were selectively alkylated. The deuterium labeled alkylating reagents, iodomethane-d3 (CD3I) and iodoethane-d5 (C2D5I), were employed to the alkylation of heavy crude oil to selectively differentiate the tagged sulfur species from the original crude oil.
MicroRNA (miRNA) Signaling in the Human CNS in Sporadic Alzheimer’s Disease (AD)-Novel and Unique Pathological Features
Authors: Zhao Yuhai , Pogue Aileen , Lukiw Walter
Published: December 2015

Of the approximately ~2.65 × 103 mature microRNAs (miRNAs) so far identified in Homo sapiens, only a surprisingly small but select subset—about 35–40—are highly abundant in the human central nervous system (CNS). This fact alone underscores the extremely high selection pressure for the human CNS to utilize only specific ribonucleotide sequences contained within these single-stranded non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) for productive miRNA–mRNA interactions and the down-regulation of gene expression. In this article we will: (i) consolidate some of our still evolving ideas concerning the role of miRNAs in the CNS in normal aging and in health, and in sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and related forms of chronic neurodegeneration; and (ii) highlight certain aspects of the most current work in this research field, with particular emphasis on the findings from our lab of a small pathogenic family of six inducible, pro-inflammatory, NF-κB-regulated miRNAs including miRNA-7, miRNA-9, miRNA-34a, miRNA-125b, miRNA-146a and miRNA-155. This group of six CNS-abundant miRNAs significantly up-regulated in sporadic AD are emerging as what appear to be key mechanistic contributors to the sporadic AD process and can explain much of the neuropathology of this common, age-related inflammatory neurodegeneration of the human CNS.
Preparation and Characteristics of γ-Fe2O3/Polyaniline-Curcumin Composites
Authors: Li Yongli , Zhu Chunxia , Kan Jinqing
Published: December 2015

Superparamagnetic nanomaterials are showing great prospects in medical treatments with targeting medicines. A new conductive superparamagnetic nanocomposite, γ-Fe2O3/polyaniline-curcumin (γ-Fe2O3/PANI-curcumin), was prepared by using the interaction between an amino group in polyaniline and a ketone group in curcumin. The γ-Fe2O3/PANI-curcumin nanocomposite showed superparamagnetism (30 emu·g−1) and electrochemical activity, based on the results of magnetization curve and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Transmission electron microscope (TEM) indicated that the particle size of γ-Fe2O3/PANI-curcumin was between 10 and 50 nm. Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize the γ-Fe2O3/PANI-curcumin nanocomposite, confirming that curcumin was immobilized into the γ-Fe2O3/PANI chain. This study provided an academic foundation for developing a new material for immobilizing an anticancer drug.
Analysis of Indole Alkaloids from Rhazya stricta Hairy Roots by Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Akhgari Amir , Laakso Into , Seppänen-Laakso Tuulikki , Yrjönen Teijo , Vuorela Heikki , Oksman-Caldentey Kirsi-Marja , Rischer Heiko
Published: December 2015

Rhazya stricta Decne. (Apocynaceae) contains a large number of terpenoid indole alkaloids (TIAs). This study focused on the composition of alkaloids obtained from transformed hairy root cultures of R. stricta employing ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). In the UPLC-MS analyses, a total of 20 TIAs were identified from crude extracts. Eburenine and vincanine were the main alkaloids followed by polar glucoalkaloids, strictosidine lactam and strictosidine. Secodine-type alkaloids, tetrahydrosecodinol, tetrahydro- and dihydrosecodine were detected too. The occurrence of tetrahydrosecodinol was confirmed for the first time for R. stricta. Furthermore, two isomers of yohimbine, serpentine and vallesiachotamine were identified. The study shows that a characteristic pattern of biosynthetically related TIAs can be monitored in Rhazya hairy root crude extract by this chromatographic method.
Hypolipidemic Effect of Tomato Juice in Hamsters in High Cholesterol Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemia
Authors: Lee Li-Chen , Wei Li , Huang Wen-Ching , Hsu Yi-Ju , Chen Yi-Ming , Huang Chi-Chang
Published: December 2015

Tomato is a globally famous food and contains several phytonutrients including lycopene, β-carotene, anthocyanin, and flavonoids. The increased temperature used to produce tomato juice, ketchup, tomato paste and canned tomato enhances the bioactive composition. We aimed to verify the beneficial effects of processed tomato juice from Kagome Ltd. (KOT) on hypolipidemic action in hamsters with hyperlipidemia induced by a 0.2% cholesterol and 10% lard diet (i.e., high-cholesterol diet (HCD)). Male Golden Syrian hamsters were randomly divided into two groups for treatment: normal (n = 8), standard diet (control); and experimental (n = 32), HCD. The 32 hamsters were further divided into four groups (n = 8 per group) to receive vehicle or KOT by oral gavage at 2787, 5573, or 13,934 mg/kg/day for six weeks, designated the HCD-1X, -2X and -5X groups, respectively. The efficacy and safety of KOT supplementation was evaluated by lipid profiles of serum, liver and feces and by clinical biochemistry and histopathology. HCD significantly increased serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), LDL-C/HDL-C ratio, hepatic and fetal TC and TG levels, and degree of fatty liver as compared with controls. KOT supplementation dose-dependently decreased serum TC, TG, LDL-C levels, LDL-C/HDL-C ratio, hepatic TC and TG levels, and fecal TG level. Our study provides experiment-based evidence to support that KOT may be useful in treating or preventing the onset of hyperlipidemia.
Detection and Classification of Changes in Buildings from Airborne Laser Scanning Data
Authors: Xu Sudan , Vosselman George , Oude Elberink Sander
Published: December 2015

The difficulty associated with the Lidar data change detection method is lack of data, which is mainly caused by occlusion or pulse absorption by the surface material, e.g., water. To address this challenge, we present a new strategy for detecting buildings that are “changed”, “unchanged”, or “unknown”, and quantifying the changes. The designation “unknown” is applied to locations where, due to lack of data in at least one of the epochs, it is not possible to reliably detect changes in the structure. The process starts with classified data sets in which buildings are extracted. Next, a point-to-plane surface difference map is generated by merging and comparing the two data sets. Context rules are applied to the difference map to distinguish between “changed”, “unchanged”, and “unknown”. Rules are defined to solve problems caused by the lack of data. Further, points labelled as “changed” are re-classified into changes to roofs, walls, dormers, cars, constructions above the roof line, and undefined objects. Next, all the classified changes are organized as changed building objects, and the geometric indices are calculated from their 3D minimum bounding boxes. Performance analysis showed that 80%–90% of real changes are found, of which approximately 50% are considered relevant.
Radarsat-2 Backscattering for the Modeling of Biophysical Parameters of Regenerating Mangrove Forests
Authors: Cougo Michele , Souza-Filho Pedro , Silva Arnaldo , Fernandes Marcus , Santos João , Abreu Maria , Nascimento Wilson , Simard Marc
Published: December 2015

The aim of this study is to understand the relationship between radar backscattering (σ°, β° and γ) of a multi-polarized Radarsat-2 C-band image with the structural attributes of regenerating mangrove vegetation located at the mouth of the Amazon River. CBH (circumference at breast height), height and species data were collected to characterize vegetation structure and above-ground biomass (AGB) at 17 plots with a total of 3090 measured individuals. Significant relationships between the linear σ° in VH (vertical transmit, horizontal receive) cross-polarization produced r2 values of 0.63 for the average height, 0.53 for the DBH, 0.46 for the basal area (BA) and 0.52 for the AGB. Using co-polarized HH (horizontal transmit, horizontal receive) and VV (vertical transmit, vertical receive), r2 values increased to 0.81, 0.79, 0.67 and 0.79, respectively. Vegetation attribute maps of average canopy height, DBH and AGB were generated for the study area. We conclude that multi-polarized Radarsat-2 images were adequate for characterization of vegetation attributes in areas of mangrove regeneration.
Life Cycle Building Carbon Emissions Assessment and Driving Factors Decomposition Analysis Based on LMDI—A Case Study of Wuhan City in China
Authors: Gong Yuanyuan , Song Deyong
Published: December 2015

Carbon emissions calculation at the sub-provincial level has issues in limited data and non-unified measurements. This paper calculated the life cycle energy consumption and carbon emissions of the building industry in Wuhan, China. The findings showed that the proportion of carbon emissions in the construction operation phase was the largest, followed by the carbon emissions of the indirect energy consumption and the construction material preparation phase. With the purpose of analyzing the contributors of the construction carbon emissions, this paper conducted decomposition analysis using Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI). The results indicated that the increasing buidling area was the major driver of energy consumption and carbon emissions increase, followed by the behavior factor. Population growth and urbanization, to some extent, increased the carbon emissions as well. On the contrary, energy efficiency was the main inhibitory factor for reducing the carbon emissions. Policy implications in terms of low-carbon construction development were highlighted.