bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association between Sleep Duration and Measurable Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Healthy Korean Women: The Fourth and Fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES IV and V)
Authors: Min Hyeyeon , Um Yoo Jin , Jang Bum Sup , Shin Doosup , Choi EunJoo , Park Sang Min , Lee Kiheon
Published: November 2016

Study Objectives.To examine the association between sleep duration and prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in healthy Korean women.Design.Cross-sectional study, using the Fourth and Fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys.Methods.Among 8505 women (25–70 years) from KNHANES IV and V, participants were classified into five sleep groups based on self-reported sleep duration. MetS and its components were defined using the criteria set forth in National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III. We used multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results.After adjusting for various confounders, shorter sleep duration (≤6 h) was found to have an association with low risk of reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and increased triglycerides, whereas very long sleep duration was found to have high risk of increased triglycerides. However, abdominal obesity showed an opposite trend: short sleep duration was associated with higher risk of abdominal obesity than long sleep duration. Fasting glucose levels increased as sleep duration increased, but without significance. Moreover, blood pressure was not significantly associated with sleep duration. Consequently, MetS was less prevalent in those with short sleep duration.Conclusions.Sleep duration was positively associated with MetS, especially dyslipidemia and fasting hyperglycemia, but inversely associated with abdominal obesity.
An Analytical Study of Prostate-Specific Antigen Dynamics
Authors: Esteban Ernesto P. , Deliz Giovanni , Rivera-Rodriguez Jaileen , Laureano Stephanie M.
Published: November 2016

The purpose of this research is to carry out a quantitative study of prostate-specific antigen dynamics for patients with prostatic diseases, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and localized prostate cancer (LPC). The proposed PSA mathematical model was implemented using clinical data of 218 Japanese patients with histological proven BPH and 147 Japanese patients with LPC (stages T2a and T2b). For prostatic diseases (BPH and LPC) a nonlinear equation was obtained and solved in a close form to predict PSA progression with patients’ age. The general solution describes PSA dynamics for patients with both diseases LPC and BPH. Particular solutions allow studying PSA dynamics for patients with BPH or LPC. Analytical solutions have been obtained and solved in a close form to develop nomograms for a better understanding of PSA dynamics in patients with BPH and LPC. This study may be useful to improve the diagnostic and prognosis of prostatic diseases.
Colonic and Hepatic Modulation by Lipoic Acid and/or N‐Acetylcysteine Supplementation in Mild Ulcerative Colitis Induced by Dextran Sodium Sulfate in Rats
Authors: Moura Fabiana Andréa , de Andrade Kívia Queiroz , Araújo Orlando Roberto Pimentel de , Nunes-Souza Valéria , Santos Juliana Célia de Farias , Rabelo Luiza Antas , Goulart Marília Oliveira Fonseca
Published: November 2016

Lipoic acid (LA) and N‐acetylcysteine (NAC) are antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory agents that have not yet been tested on mild ulcerative colitis (UC). This study aims to evaluate the action of LA and/or NAC, on oxidative stress and inflammation markers in colonic and hepatic rat tissues with mild UC, induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) (2% w/v). LA and/or NAC (100 mg·kg·day−1, each) were given, once a day, in the diet, in a pretreatment phase (7 days) and during UC induction (5 days). Colitis induction was confirmed by histological and biochemical analyses (high performance liquid chromatography, spectrophotometry, and Multiplex®). A redox imbalance occurred before an immunological disruption in the colon. NAC led to a decrease in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and myeloperoxidase activity. In the liver, DSS did not cause damage but treatments with both antioxidants were potentially harmful, with LA increasing MDA and LA + NAC increasing H2O2, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interferon gamma, and transaminases. In summary, NAC exhibited the highest colonic antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory activity, while LA + NAC caused hepatic damage.
Cardiovascular Effects of the Essential Oil of Croton argyrophylloides in Normotensive Rats: Role of the Autonomic Nervous System
Authors: Alves-Santos Thayane Rebeca , de Siqueira Rodrigo José Bezerra , Duarte Gloria Pinto , Lahlou Saad
Published: November 2016

Cardiovascular effects of the essential oil of Croton argyrophylloides Muell. Arg. (EOCA) were investigated in normotensive rats. In saline‐pretreated anesthetized or conscious rats, intravenous (i.v.) injection of the EOCA induced dose‐dependent hypotension. Dose‐dependent tachycardia was observed only in conscious rats. In anesthetized rats, cervical bivagotomy failed to enhance EOCA‐induced hypotension but unmasked significant bradycardia. In conscious rats, i.v. pretreatment with methylatropine, but not with atenolol or L‐NAME, reduced both hypotensive and tachycardiac responses to EOCA. However, hexamethonium pretreatment reverted the EOCA‐induced tachycardia into significant bradycardia without affecting the hypotension. In aortic ring preparations precontracted with phenylephrine, EOCA induced a concentration‐dependent relaxation that was significantly reduced by vascular endothelium removal and pretreatment with atropine, indomethacin, or glibenclamide but remained unaffected by pretreatment with L‐NAME or TEA. It is concluded that i.v. treatment with EOAC decreased blood pressure probably through an active vascular relaxation rather than withdrawal of sympathetic tone. Muscarinic receptor stimulation, liberation of the endothelium‐derived prostacyclin, and opening KATP channels are partially involved in the aortic relaxation induced by EOCA and in turn in the mediation of EOCA‐induced hypotension. EOCA‐induced tachycardia in conscious rats appears to be mediated reflexly through inhibition of vagal drive to the heart.
Bilateral Nasoalveolar Cyst Causing Nasal Obstruction
Authors: Yildizoglu Uzeyir , Arslan Fatih , Polat Bahtiyar , Durmaz Abdullah
Published: November 2016

Nasoalveolar cysts, which originate from epithelial remnants of nasolacrimal duct, are nonodontogenic soft tissue lesions of the upper jaw. These cysts are thought to be developmental and are presented with fullness in the upper lip and nose, swelling on the palate, and sometimes nasal obstruction. Because of cosmetic problems, they are often diagnosed at an early stage. These lesions are mostly revealed unilaterally but also can be seen on both sides. In this case report, a patient who complained of nasal obstruction and then diagnosed with bilateral nasoalveolar cysts and treated by sublabial excision is presented and clinical features and treatment approaches are discussed with the review of literature.
Pneumomediastinum Secondary to Barotrauma after Recreational Nitrous Oxide Inhalation
Authors: Jeddy H. , Rashid Farhan , Bhutta H. , Lorenzi B. , Charalabopoulos A.
Published: November 2016

We present a case of a seventeen-year-old patient, admitted in the care of the surgical team following inhalation of nitrous oxide at high pressure, leading to extensive pneumomediastinum and surgical emphysema. We discuss the subsequent investigations and management for this patient. In the absence of history of airway injury and respiratory problems including asthma and with no oesophageal perforation on investigations, the diagnostic and management challenges encountered have been discussed which will help in future management of similar cases.
Properties of Quasi-Oscillator in Position-Dependent Mass Formalism
Authors: Zare S. , Hassanabadi H.
Published: November 2016

Schrödinger equation is considered within position-dependent mass formalism with a quasi-oscillator interaction term. Wave functions and energy spectra have been obtained analytically. Thermodynamic properties, information entropy, and uncertainty in coordinate and momentum spaces are calculated. To provide a better physical insight into the solutions, some figures are included.
Diagnosis of Peripheral Lung Lesions via Conventional Flexible Bronchoscopy with Multiplanar CT Planning
Authors: De Roza Marianne Anastasia , Quah Kien Hong , Tay Cheong Kiat , Toh Weiquan , Li HuiHua , Kalyanasundaram Ganesh , Anantham Devanand
Published: November 2016

Background. Conventional flexible bronchoscopy has limited sensitivity in the diagnosis of peripheral lung lesions and is dependent on lesion size. However, advancement of CT imaging offers multiplanar reconstruction facilitating enhanced preprocedure planning. This study aims to report efficacy and safety while considering the impact of patient selection and multiplanar CT planning. Method. Prospective case series of patients with peripheral lung lesions suspected of having lung cancer who underwent flexible bronchoscopy (forceps biopsy and lavage). Endobronchial lesions were excluded. Patients with negative results underwent CT-guided transthoracic needle aspiration, surgical biopsy, or clinical-radiological surveillance to establish the final diagnosis. Results. 226 patients were analysed. The diagnostic yield of bronchoscopy was 80.1% (181/226) with a sensitivity of 84.2% and specificity of 100%. In patients with a positive CT-Bronchus sign, the diagnostic yield was 82.4% compared to 72.8% with negative CT-Bronchus sign (p=0.116). Diagnostic yield was 84.9% in lesions > 20 mm and 63.0% in lesions ≤ 20 mm (p=0.001). Six (2.7%) patients had transient hypoxia and 2 (0.9%) had pneumothorax. There were no serious adverse events. Conclusion. Flexible bronchoscopy with appropriate patient selection and preprocedure planning is more efficacious in obtaining a diagnosis in peripheral lung lesions compared to historical data. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01374542.
Effect of Die Head Temperature at Compounding Stage on the Degradation of Linear Low Density Polyethylene/Plastic Film Waste Blends after Accelerated Weathering
Authors: Al-Salem S. M. , Al-Dousari N. M. , Joseph Abraham G. , D’Souza M. Aromin , Al-Qabandi O. A. , Al-Zakri W.
Published: November 2016

Accelerated weathering test was performed on blends of linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) and plastic film waste constituting the following percentages of polyolefin polymers (wt.%): LLDPE (46%), low density polyethylene (LDPE, 51%), high density polyethylene (HDPE, 1%), and polypropylene (PP, 2%). Compounded blends were evaluated for their mechanical and physical (optical) properties. The impact of photodegradation on the formulated blends was studied, and loss of mechanical integrity was apparent with respect to both the exposure duration to weathering and waste content. The effect of processing conditions, namely, the die head temperature (DHT) of the blown-film assembly used, was investigated in this work. It was witnessed that surpassing the melting point of the blends constituting polymers did not always result in a synergistic behaviour between polymers. This was suspected to be due to the loss of amorphous region that polyolefin polymers get subjected to with UV exposure under weathering conditions and the effect of the plastic waste constituents. The total change in colour (ΔE) did not change with respect to DHT or waste content due to rapid change degradation on the material’s surface. Haze (%) and light transmission (%) decreased with the increase in waste content which was attributed to lack of miscibility between constituting polymers.
Simplified Tai Chi Program Training versus Traditional Tai Chi on the Functional Movement Screening in Older Adults
Authors: Wang Huiru , Wei Ankui , Lu Yingzhi , Yu Bo , Chen Wenhua , Lu Yang , Liu Yang , Yu Dinghai , Zou Liye
Published: November 2016

Background. The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the effect of two different types of Tai Chi programs on the Functional Movement Screening (FMS) in older adults. Methods. Ninety older adults (65.5 ± 4.6 years old) who met the eligibility criteria were randomized into three different groups based on a ratio of 1 : 1 : 1: a traditional Tai Chi exercise (TTC), a simplified Tai Chi exercise (TCRT), or a control group (routine activity). The FMS consisted of the deep squat, hurdle step, in‐line lunge, shoulder mobility, active straight leg rise, trunk stability push‐up, and rotatory stability, which was used to measure physical function before the present study and after six months of Tai Chi interventions. Results. Seventy‐nine participants completed the present study (control = 27, TTC = 23, and TCRT = 29). Significant improvement on the FMS tests between the baseline and after the six‐month intervention was observed in both Tai Chi programs, whereas no significant improvement was observed in the control group. In addition, participants in the TCRT group demonstrated greater improvement than those in the TTC group. Conclusions. The TCRT is more effective in improving the physical function in older adults when compared to the traditional Tai Chi modality, particularly for improving balance.
Remarks on the Phaseless Inverse Uniqueness of a Three-Dimensional Schrödinger Scattering Problem
Authors: Chen Lung-Hui
Published: November 2016

We consider the inverse scattering theory of the Schrödinger equation. The inverse problem is to identify the potential scatterer by the scattered waves measured in the far-fields. In some micro/nanostructures, it is impractical to measure the phase information of the scattered wave field emitted from the source. We study the asymptotic behavior of the scattering amplitudes/intensity from the linearization theory of the scattered wave fields. The inverse uniqueness of the scattered waves is reduced to the inverse uniqueness of the analytic function. We deduce the uniqueness of the Schrödinger potential via the identity theorems in complex analysis.
Errors and Predictors of Confidence in Condom Use amongst Young Australians Attending a Music Festival
Authors: Hall Karina M. , Brieger Daniel G. , De Silva Sukhita H. , Pfister Benjamin F. , Youlden Daniel J. , John-Leader Franklin , Pit Sabrina W.
Published: November 2016

Objectives. To determine the confidence and ability to use condoms correctly and consistently and the predictors of confidence in young Australians attending a festival. Methods. 288 young people aged 18 to 29 attending a mixed-genre music festival completed a survey measuring demographics, self-reported confidence using condoms, ability to use condoms, and issues experienced when using condoms in the past 12 months. Results. Self-reported confidence using condoms was high (77%). Multivariate analyses showed confidence was associated with being male (P<0.001) and having had five or more lifetime sexual partners (P=0.038). Reading packet instructions was associated with increased condom use confidence (P=0.011). Amongst participants who had used a condom in the last year, 37% had experienced the condom breaking and 48% had experienced the condom slipping off during intercourse and 51% when withdrawing the penis after sex. Conclusion. This population of young people are experiencing high rates of condom failures and are using them inconsistently or incorrectly, demonstrating the need to improve attitudes, behaviour, and knowledge about correct and consistent condom usage. There is a need to empower young Australians, particularly females, with knowledge and confidence in order to improve condom use self-efficacy.
Modelling and Experimental Study on Active Energy-Regenerative Suspension Structure with Variable Universe Fuzzy PD Control
Authors: Liu Jiang , Li Xiaowei , Wang Zhenghao , Zhang Ye
Published: November 2016

A novel electromagnetic active suspension with an energy-regenerative structure is proposed to solve the suspension’s control consumption problem. For this new system, a 2-DOF quarter-car model is built, and dynamics performances are studied using the variable universe fuzzy theory and the PD control approach. A self-powered efficiency concept is defined to describe the regenerative structure’s contribution to the whole control consumption, and its influent factors are also discussed. Simulations are carried out using software Matlab/Simulink, and experiments are conducted on the B-class road. The results demonstrate that the variable universe fuzzy control can recycle more than 18 percent vibration energy and provide over 11 percent power for the control demand. Furthermore, the new suspension system offers a smaller body acceleration and decreases dynamic tire deflection compared to the passive ones, so as to improve both the ride comfort and the safety.
Minimally Invasive Treatment of Displaced Proximal Humeral Fractures in Patients Older Than 70 Years Using the Humerusblock
Authors: Bogner Robert , Ortmaier Reinhold , Moroder Philipp , Karpik Stefanie , Wutte Christof , Lederer Stefan , Auffarth Alexander , Resch Herbert
Published: November 2016

Background.Surgical treatment of proximal humeral fractures (PHF) in osteoporotic bone of elderly patients is challenging. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the clinical and radiological outcome after percutaneous reduction and internal fixation of osteoporotic PHF in geriatric patients using the semirigid Humerusblock device.Methods.In the study period from 2005 to 2010, 129 patients older than 70 years were enrolled in the study. After a mean follow-up of 23 months, a physical examination, using the Constant-Murley score and the VAS pain scale, was performed. Furthermore radiographs were taken to detect signs of malunion, nonunion, and avascular necrosis.Results.The recorded Constant-Murley score was 67.7 points (87.7% of the noninjured arm) for two-part fractures, 67.9 points (90.8%) for three-part fractures, and 43.0 points (56.7%) for four-part fractures. In ten shoulders (7.8%) loss of reduction and in four shoulders (3.1%) nonunion were the reason for revision surgery. Avascular humeral head necrosis developed in eight patients (6.2%).Conclusions.In two- and three-part fractures postoperative results are promising. Sufficient ability for the activities of daily living was achieved. In four-part fractures the functional results were less satisfying regarding function and pain with a high postoperative complication rate. In those patients other treatment strategies should be considered.Study design.Therapeutic retrospective case series (evidence-based medicine (EBM) level IV).
Factors Affecting Recruitment and Attrition in Randomised Controlled Trials of Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Pregnancy‐Related Issues
Authors: Close Ciara , Sinclair Marlene , McCullough Julie E. M. , Liddle Sarah Dianne , Hughes Ciara M.
Published: November 2016

Background. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) investigating Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) for pregnancy‐related issues have encountered issues with recruitment and attrition. Little is known about the cause of these issues. Methods. Data was gathered from an antenatal CAM randomised controlled trial. During foetal anomaly appointments, women meeting inclusion criteria were invited to participate in the trial. Numbers of women invited and eligible were recorded. Reasons for noninterest were noted and analysed. Focus groups exploring trial experience of participants were also conducted. Findings. Of the 428 women invited to participate, 376 were eligible and just under a quarter participated. Reasons for nonparticipation included concerns about CAM and lack of interest in participation in research. Other factors negatively affecting recruitment included recruitment timing, competition for participants, limited support from staff, and inadequate trial promotion. Factors encouraging recruitment included being interested in research and seeking pain relief. Reasons for dropping out were time constraints, travel issues, work commitments, and pregnancy issues. Several women in the sham and usual care group dropped out due to dissatisfaction with treatment allocation. Conclusion. CAM researchers must explore problems encountered with recruitment and attrition so that evidence‐based implementation strategies to address the issues can be developed.
The Impact of Social Structures on Deviant Behaviors: The Study of 402 High Risk Street Drug Users in Iran
Authors: Mehrabi Maryam , Eskandarieh Sharareh , Khodadost Mahmoud , Sadeghi Maneli , Nikfarjam Ali , Hajebi Ahmad
Published: November 2016

This study is a sociological analysis of the three dimensions of social structure including institutional, relational, and embodied structures that have an impact on the individuals’ deviant behaviors in the society. The authors used a mix method to analyze the qualitative and quantitative data of 402 high risk abandoned substance users in 2008 in Tehran, capital city of Iran. The leading reasons of substance use were categorized into four fundamental themes as follows: stress, deviant social networks, and low social capital and weak social support sources. In addition, the epidemiology model of regression analysis provides a brief explanation to assess the association between the demographical and etiological variables, and the drug users’ deviant behaviors. In sum, substance use is discussed as a deviant behavior pattern which stems from a comorbidity of weak social structures.
Bimatoprost Induced Serous Macular Detachment after Cataract Surgery
Authors: Parchand Swapnil , Kaliaperumal Subashini , Deb Amit Kumar , Babu K. Ramesh , Srinivasan Renuka
Published: November 2016

We report a case of bimatoprost induced serous macular detachment and choroidal folds following uneventful cataract surgery. A 66-year-old male using topical bimatoprost in both eyes for open angle glaucoma underwent uneventful cataract surgery in the right eye. Postoperatively, he was restarted on topical bimatoprost and antibiotic-steroids combination drops. One week after surgery, he presented with conjunctival hyperemia, serous macular detachment, and choroidal folds at the posterior pole. Fundus fluorescein angiography showed perifoveal leaks in early stage with pooling of dye in late stage. Discontinuation of bimatoprost led to resolution of serous detachment and choroidal folds within 3 weeks with significant improvement in visual acuity. Occurrence of serous macular detachment and choroidal folds in this case could be probably related to the proinflammatory property of bimatoprost. Hence, it should be used with caution in the immediate postoperative period after cataract surgery.
Two Different Life-Threatening Cases: Presenting with Torticollis
Authors: Alkan Gülsüm , Emiroğlu Melike , Kartal Ayşe
Published: November 2016

Acquired torticollis can be the result of several different pathological mechanisms. It is generally related to trauma, tumors, and inflammatory processes of the cervical muscles, nerves, and vertebral synovia. Although upper respiratory tract and neck inflammation are common causes of acute febrile torticollis in children, diseases with as yet undefined relationships may also result in torticollis. This is the case of spinal arachnoid cyst and pneumonia.
Robust Quadratic Stabilizability and H∞ Control of Uncertain Linear Discrete-Time Stochastic Systems with State Delay
Authors: Jiang Xiushan , Tian Xuemin , Zhang Weihai
Published: November 2016

This paper mainly discusses the robust quadratic stability and stabilization of linear discrete-time stochastic systems with state delay and uncertain parameters. By means of the linear matrix inequality (LMI) method, a sufficient condition is, respectively, obtained for the stability and stabilizability of the considered system. Moreover, we design the robust H∞ state feedback controllers such that the system with admissible uncertainties is not only quadratically internally stable but also robust H∞ controllable. A sufficient condition for the existence of the desired robust H∞ controller is obtained. Finally, an example with simulations is given to verify the effectiveness of our theoretical results.
Clinical Manifestation, Histopathology, and Imaging of Traumatic Injuries Caused by Brazilian Porcupine (Sphiggurus villosus) Quills
Authors: Jorge Lívia M. Araújo , Bernardes Filho Fred , Lamy Fabrício , Balassiano Laila Klotz A. , Towersey Loan , Hay Roderick , Frade Marco Andrey C.
Published: November 2016

Injuries to humans caused by porcupines are rare. However, they may occur due to the proximity of urban areas and the animal’s habitat in areas such as the Floresta da Tijuca in Rio de Janeiro. Outdoor sports and leisure activities in areas close to forests or in the rain forest are also relevant for incidents of this kind and a better knowledge of the local forest fauna would prevent such undesirable accidents. Porcupine quills have microscopic barbs at their tips which facilitate skin penetration, but hampering their removal. Once the spines are lodged in tissue, the microscopic backward-facing deployable barbs at the tips cause trauma if anyone tries to remove them. Local haemorrhage and an inflammatory response to the contaminated foreign body occur. Depending on the time lapse in removing the spines either septic or sterile foreign body reactions may occur. There is also the risk of migration of the spines, where fatal cases have been reported in human and veterinary medicine. Herein we report two unusual cases of accidents involving humans and the South American porcupine. The Sphiggurus villosus spines removed from scalp skin were also documented through Scanning Electron Microscopy.
Nanocomposites of Magnetite and Layered Double Hydroxide for Recyclable Chromate Removal
Authors: Gwak Gyeong-Hyeon , Kim Min-Kyu , Oh Jae-Min
Published: November 2016

Nanocomposites containing magnetic iron oxide (magnetite) nanoparticles and layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanosheets were prepared by two different methods, exfoliation-reassembly and coprecipitation, for aqueous chromate adsorbent. According to X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy, both nanocomposites were determined to develop different nanostructures; LDH nanosheets well covered magnetite nanoparticles with house-of-cards-like structure in exfoliation-reassembly method, while coprecipitation resulted in LDH particle formation along with magnetite nanoparticles. Zeta-potential measurement also revealed that the magnetite surface was effectively covered by LDH moiety in exfoliation-reassembly compared with coprecipitation. Time, pH, concentration dependent chromate adsorption tests, and magnetic separation experiments exhibited that both nanocomposites effectively adsorb and easily collect chromate. However, exfoliation-reassembly nanocomposite was determined to be slightly effective in chromate removal by ~10%. Chromate adsorbed nanocomposites could be regenerated by treating with bicarbonate and the regenerated nanocomposites preserved ~80% of chromate adsorption efficacy after three times of recycling.
Plantar Pressure Distribution among Older Persons with Different Types of Foot and Its Correlation with Functional Reach Distance
Authors: Mohd Said Aisyah , Justine Maria , Manaf Haidzir
Published: November 2016

Background.Changes in biomechanical structures of human foot are common in the older person, which may lead to alteration of foot type and plantar pressure distribution. We aimed to examine how foot type affects the plantar pressure distribution and to determine the relationship between plantar pressure distribution and functional reach distance in older persons.Methods.Fifty community-dwelling older persons (age:69.98±5.84) were categorized into three groups based on the Foot Posture Index. The plantar pressure (max⁡P) and contact area were analyzed using Footscan® RSScan platform. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the plantar pressure between foot types and Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used to correlate plantar pressure with the functional reach distance.Results.There were significant differences ofmax⁡Pin the forefoot area across all foot types. The post hoc analysis found significantly lowermax⁡Pin the pronated foot compared to the supinated foot. A high linear rank correlation was found between functional reach distance andmax⁡Pof the rearfoot region of the supinated foot.Conclusions.These findings suggested that types of the foot affect the plantar maximal pressure in older persons with functional reach distance showing some associations.
Processing of Polypropylene-Organic Montmorillonite Nanocomposite by Equal Channel Multiangular Extrusion
Authors: Beloshenko V. A. , Voznyak A. V. , Voznyak Yu. V. , Novokshonova L. A. , Grinyov V. G. , Krasheninnikov V. G.
Published: November 2016

By the example of polypropylene-organic montmorillonite composite (PP-OMMT), the abilities of the method of equal channel multiangular extrusion have been studied with respect to the modification of the structure and the properties of polymeric nanocomposites. With using X-ray structure analysis, TEM, DSC, and dilatometry, it has been demonstrated that this kind of processing provides an additional intercalation of the polymer into OMMT tactoids with the succeeding exfoliation and facilitates an increase in the aspect ratio, the degree of platelet orientation, the crystalline lamellar thickness, and a decrease in the dispersion of the crystallite thickness, as well as the formation of biaxial orientation of the OMMT and PP crystals. The observed structure rearrangements determine enhanced microhardness, ductility, and the heat distortion temperature of the PP-OMMT composite.
Intake, Nutrient Apparent Digestibility, and Ruminal Constituents of Crossbred Dorper × Santa Inês Sheep Fed Diets with Babassu Mesocarp Flour
Authors: Gerude Neto Osman José de Aguiar , Parente Michelle de Oliveira Maia , Parente Henrique Nunes , Alves Arnaud Azevedo , Santos Paull Andrews Carvalho dos , Moreira Filho Miguel Arcanjo , Zanine Anderson de Moura , Ferreira Daniele de Jesus , Bezerra Leilson Rocha , Gomes Ruan Mourão da Silva
Published: November 2016

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect on intake, apparent digestibility, and ruminal constituents of sheep in response to the addition of increasing levels of babassu mesocarp flour (BMF) to the diet. Twenty crossbred sheep (29.17±2.23 kg) were used in a randomized complete block design. Lambs were confined for 21 days, with 16 days for diet adaptation and 5 days for data collection, in which they were fed an isonitrogenous diet (16.5±0.2 CP, DM basis) containing 70% of concentrate and 30% (DM basis) of Tifton 85 hay. Increasing levels of BMF were 0, 10, 20, and 30% (DM basis). There was a quadratic effect (P<0.05) on the DM intake, nutrients intake, and digestibility of CP and NFC. The digestibility of DM, OM, TC, and NDF decreased linearly, while EE digestibility increased linearly with increasing levels of BMF. The high NDF content presented in the chemical composition of the babassu mesocarp flour ranked the same as fibrous food, which can limit the inclusion in the diet of high production animals. So, babassu mesocarp flour is an alternative for energy source in lambs feed and can be added at levels up to 10%.
Short-Term Wind Power Interval Forecasting Based on an EEMD-RT-RVM Model
Authors: Zang Haixiang , Fan Lei , Guo Mian , Wei Zhinong , Sun Guoqiang , Zhang Li
Published: November 2016

Accurate short-term wind power forecasting is important for improving the security and economic success of power grids. Existing wind power forecasting methods are mostly types of deterministic point forecasting. Deterministic point forecasting is vulnerable to forecasting errors and cannot effectively deal with the random nature of wind power. In order to solve the above problems, we propose a short-term wind power interval forecasting model based on ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD), runs test (RT), and relevance vector machine (RVM). First, in order to reduce the complexity of data, the original wind power sequence is decomposed into a plurality of intrinsic mode function (IMF) components and residual (RES) component by using EEMD. Next, we use the RT method to reconstruct the components and obtain three new components characterized by the fine-to-coarse order. Finally, we obtain the overall forecasting results (with preestablished confidence levels) by superimposing the forecasting results of each new component. Our results show that, compared with existing methods, our proposed short-term interval forecasting method has less forecasting errors, narrower interval widths, and larger interval coverage percentages. Ultimately, our forecasting model is more suitable for engineering applications and other forecasting methods for new energy.
Vitamin D Effects on Osteoblastic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Dental Tissues
Authors: Posa Francesca , Di Benedetto Adriana , Colaianni Graziana , Cavalcanti-Adam Elisabetta A. , Brunetti Giacomina , Porro Chiara , Trotta Teresa , Grano Maria , Mori Giorgio
Published: November 2016

1α,25‐Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3), the active metabolite of vitamin D (Vit D), increases intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphate, maintaining a correct balance of bone remodeling. Vit D has an anabolic effect on the skeletal system and is key in promoting osteoblastic differentiation of human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hMSCs) from bone marrow. MSCs can be also isolated from the immature form of the tooth, the dental bud: Dental Bud Stem Cells (DBSCs) are adult stem cells that can effectively undergo osteoblastic differentiation. In this work we investigated the effect of Vit D on DBSCs differentiation into osteoblasts. Our data demonstrate that DBSCs, cultured in an opportune osteogenic medium, differentiate into osteoblast‐like cells; Vit D treatment stimulates their osteoblastic features, increasing the expression of typical markers of osteoblastogenesis like RUNX2 and Collagen I (Coll I) and, in a more important way, determining a higher production of mineralized matrix nodules.
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Nanoindentation of Cu/Au Thin Films at Different Temperatures
Authors: Li Qibin , Huang Cheng , Liang Yunpei , Fu Tao , Peng Tiefeng
Published: November 2016

Two methods, deposition method and ideal modeling based on lattice constant, are used to prepare three modulation periods’ (1.8 nm Cu/3.6 nm Au, 2.7 nm Cu/2.7 nm Au, and 3.6 nm Cu/1.8 nm Au) thin films for nanoindentation at different temperatures. The results show that the temperature will weaken the hardness of thin films. The deposition method and the formation of coherent interface will result in a lot of defects in thin films. These defects can reduce the residual stress in the thin films which is caused by the external force. The proposed system will provide potential benefits in designing the microstructures for thin films.
A New Software Reliability Growth Model: Multigeneration Faults and a Power-Law Testing-Effort Function
Authors: Li Fan , Yi Ze-Long
Published: November 2016

Software reliability growth models (SRGMs) based on a nonhomogeneous Poisson process (NHPP) are widely used to describe the stochastic failure behavior and assess the reliability of software systems. For these models, the testing-effort effect and the fault interdependency play significant roles. Considering a power-law function of testing effort and the interdependency of multigeneration faults, we propose a modified SRGM to reconsider the reliability of open source software (OSS) systems and then to validate the model’s performance using several real-world data. Our empirical experiments show that the model well fits the failure data and presents a high-level prediction capability. We also formally examine the optimal policy of software release, considering both the testing cost and the reliability requirement. By conducting sensitivity analysis, we find that if the testing-effort effect or the fault interdependency was ignored, the best time to release software would be seriously delayed and more resources would be misplaced in testing the software.
Comprehensive Screening of Cell Surface Markers Expressed by Adult‐Derived Human Liver Stem/Progenitor Cells Harvested at Passage 5: Potential Implications for Engraftment
Authors: Dollet Pierre-Edouard , Ravau Joachim , André Floriane , Najimi Mustapha , Sokal Etienne , Lombard Catherine
Published: November 2016

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are known to have potential therapeutic benefits for a number of diseases. However, many studies report low engraftment levels, regardless of the target organ. One possible explanation could be that MSCs do not express the necessary receptors for engraftment. Indeed, MSCs appear to use a similar mechanism to leukocytes to engraft into injured organs, relying on various receptors for rolling, firm adhesion, and transmigration. In this study, we conducted an extensive surface molecule screening of adult‐derived human liver stem/progenitor cells (ADHLSC) in an attempt to shed some light on this subject. We observed that ADHLSCs lack expression of most of the costimulatory molecules tested. Furthermore, study of the adhesion molecule profile of ADHLSCs revealed that they do not express selectin ligands or LFA‐1 which are, respectively, involved in the rolling process and the firm adhesion. In addition, ADHLSCs slightly express VLA‐4 and lose expression of CXCR4 altogether on their surface during culture expansion. However, ADHLSCs express all the integrin couples and matrix metalloproteinases needed to bind and integrate the extracellular matrix once the endothelial barrier is crossed. Collectively, these results suggest that binding to the endothelium may be the critical weak point in the engraftment process.
Obstetricians/Gynecologists’ Problems in Sickness Certification Consultations: Two Nationwide Surveys
Authors: Gustavsson Catharina , Hinas Elin , Ljungquist Therese , Alexanderson Kristina
Published: November 2016

Objective.To explore experiences by physicians working in obstetrics, gynecology, or maternal healthcare (O/Gs) of problems in sickness certification consultations and differences between two years.Material and Methods.Answers by O/Gs to two Swedish nationwide surveys, in 2008 (n=1037) and 2012 (n=992), were analyzed for frequencies and severity of problems and organizational support in sickness certification consultations.Results.One-third of O/Gs found sickness certifications problematic every week. The most frequent problem was patients requesting sick notes for reasons other than work incapacity due to disease/injury (2008: 21%; 2012: 16%). The most problematic were assessing work capacity (2008 and 2012: 52%) and having different opinion from that of the patient about need for sick leave (2008: 51%; 2012: 46%). In 2012, 27% used the national sickness certification guidelines weekly, compared to 9% in 2008. A larger proportion in 2012 than 2008 reported that the guidelines facilitated contacts with patients and different stakeholders.Conclusions.Although O/Gs perceived sickness certification as problematic, there was less perceived severity of problems in 2012 compared to 2008, possibly because interventions regarding sickness certification have been introduced in Sweden recent years. Still, more organizational support, for example, time and supervision, are needed to enhance O/Gs’ sickness certification practices.
Intergroup Joint Scheduling for Mitigating Asymmetric Uplink Interference in Self-Organizing Virtual Cell Networks
Authors: Jo Ohyun , Hwang Gyung-Ho , Cho Dong-Ho
Published: November 2016

We introduce the concept of self-organizing VCN (virtual cell network). Here self-organizing VCN topology for efficient operation will be configured, and the functions of the each element will be defined. Also, the operation scenarios of VCN will be described. Then, we propose an efficient scheduling algorithm that considers the asymmetry of interference between downlink and uplink to mitigate intercell interference with little computing overhead. The basic concept is to construct scheduling groups that consist of several users. Each user in a scheduling group is affiliated with a different cell. Then, the intercell groups are managed efficiently in the proposed VCNs. There is no need for the exchange of a lot of information among base stations to schedule the users over the entire network.
Partielles Ansprechen auf Crizotinib als Erstlinientherapie bei einem älteren männlichen Patienten mit ROS1-Translokations-positivem Bronchialkarzinom
Authors: Overbeck Tobias R. , Schmitz Katja , Engelke Christoph , Sahlmann Carsten-Oliver , Hugo Sara , Kellner Laura , Trümper Lorenz , Schildhaus Hans-Ulrich
Published: November 2016

Wir berichten hier über einen 90-jährigen männlichen Patienten mit ROS1-transloziertem Adenokarzinom der Lunge, der eine Erstlinientherapie mit Crizotinib erhielt. Nach 11-monatiger Behandlung waren ein vollständiges metabolisches Ansprechen laut 18F-FDG-PET/CT-Scan sowie ein partielles Ansprechen nach RECIST-Kriterien zu verzeichnen. Dieser Fall deutet darauf hin, dass ROS1-Translokationen sich nicht auf junges Alter, weibliches Geschlecht und niedrige Tumorstadien beschränken. Außerdem zeigt der Fall exemplarisch, dass die Crizotinib-Therapie auch als Erstlinientherapie bei älteren, komorbiden Patienten wirksam und beherrschbar sein kann. Auf Grundlage unserer Ergebnisse empfehlen wir, ältere Patienten mit fortgeschrittenem Adenokarzinom der Lunge in molekulare Screenings für ROS1-Translokationen einzuschließen.
Stimulation of Suicidal Erythrocyte Death by Tafenoquine
Authors: Al Mamun Bhuyan Abdulla , Bissinger Rosi , Stockinger Katja , Lang Florian
Published: November 2016

Background/Aims: The 8-aminoquinoline tafenoquine has been shown to be effective against Plasmodia, Leishmania and Trypanosoma. The substance is at least in part effective by triggering apoptosis of the parasites. Similar to apoptosis, erythrocytes may enter suicidal death or eryptosis, which is characterized by cell shrinkage and cell membrane scrambling with phosphatidylserine translocation to the erythrocyte surface. Signaling involved in the regulation of eryptosis include increase of cytosolic Ca2+ activity ([Ca2+]i), oxidative stress, ceramide, zVAD sensitive caspases, SB203580 sensitive p38 kinase, staurosporine sensitive protein kinase C as well as D4476 sensitive casein kinase. The present study explored, whether tafenoquine induces eryptosis and aimed to possibly identify cellular mechanisms involved. Methods: Flow cytometry was employed to estimate phosphatidylserine exposure at the cell surface from annexin-V-binding, cell volume from forward scatter, [Ca2+]i from Fluo3-fluorescence, ROS formation from 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFDA) dependent fluorescence, and ceramide abundance utilizing specific antibodies. Results: A 48 hours exposure of human erythrocytes to tafenoquine (500 ng/ml) significantly increased the percentage of annexin-V-binding cells, significantly decreased forward scatter, significantly increased Fluo3-fluorescence, and significantly increased DCFDA fluorescence. Tafenoquine did not significantly modify ceramide abundance. The effect of tafenoquine on annexin-V-binding was significantly blunted but not abolished by removal of extracellular Ca2+. The effect of tafenoquine on annexin-V-binding was not significantly blunted by zVAD (10 µM), SB203580 (2 µM) or staurosporine (1 µM). The effect of tafenoquine on annexin-V-binding was significantly blunted but not abolished by D4476 (10 µM). Conclusions: Tafenoquine triggers cell shrinkage and phospholipid scrambling of the erythrocyte cell membrane, an effect at least in part due to stimulation of Ca2+ entry, oxidative stress and possibly activation of casein kinase.
Effect of Extracellular Vesicles on Neural Functional Recovery and Immunologic Suppression after Rat Cerebral Apoplexy
Authors: Hu Beilei , Chen Songfang , Zou Ming , He Zhiyong , Shao Shengmin , Liu Baohua
Published: November 2016

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can promote the recovery of neural function after cerebral apoplexy by secreting multiple cytokines. In addition, cell factor-derived extracellular vesicles play an important role in recovery of neural function. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of extracellular vesicles on neural functional recovery and brain tissue remodeling after cerebral apoplexy in a rat model. Methods: The rat models with local ischemic stroke was established and three random groups were created. In groups A and B, human bone marrow-derived MSCs and MSC-derived extracellular vesicles were transplanted into rats. In the control group (group C), only normal saline was injected. Then, we evaluated motor coordination ability, pathologic changes of the brain, immune responses in the central and peripheral nervous systems, regeneration of blood vessels, and nervous tissue in 4 weeks after cerebral apoplexy. Results: Obvious regeneration of blood vessels and nervous tissues were identified in groups A and B. There was no significant difference with respect to coordination between groups A and B, but coordination in groups A and B was significantly better than the control group. Immunohistochemical staining of brain tissue showed that extracellular vesicles exerted no effect on infiltration of immune cells in the central nervous system. Weakened immune suppression was noted 1 week after cerebral apoplexy, which provided a favorable environment for remodeling of brain tissue. Conclusion: MSC-derived extracellular vesicles accelerated neural functional recovery after cerebral apoplexy. The weakened immune suppression was beneficial to remodeling of brain tissue.
Growth Differentiation Factor-9 Promotes Fibroblast Proliferation and Migration in Keloids through the Smad2/3 Pathway
Authors: Jiang Zhaohua , Yu Qingxiong , Xia Lingling , Zhang Yi , Wang Xiuxia , Wu Xiaoli , Gao Zhen
Published: November 2016

Background: Keloids are fibroproliferative scars that develop as a result of a dysregulated wound healing process; however, the molecular mechanisms of keloid pathogenesis remain unclear. Keloids are characterized by the ability to spread beyond the original boundary of the wound, and they represent a significant clinical challenge. Previous work from our group suggested that growth differentiation factor (GDF)-9 plays a role in the invasive behavior of keloids. Here, we examined the involvement of GDF-9 in keloid formation and spread and elucidated a potential underlying mechanism. Methods: The expression of GDF-9, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, vascular epidermal growth factor (VEGF)-C, matrix metalloprotease (MMP)-2, MMP-9, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, and the related signaling pathway components in human keloid tissues or keloid fibroblasts (kFBs) was monitored by qRT-PCR and western blot. A series of overexpression and silencing experiments in normal and keloid fibroblasts were used to modify the expression of GDF-9. The effects of GDF-9 on kFB proliferation and migration were assessed using the CCK-8, cell cycle and scratch wound healing assays. Results: GDF-9 promotes fibroblast proliferation and migration. GDF-9 silencing in kFBs decreased cell proliferation, blocked cell cycle progression, downregulated the angiogenic markers COX-2 and VEGF-C, and downregulated MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression, whereas it had no effect on the levels of TGF-β1. GDF-9 silencing significantly inhibited Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation in kFBs. Conclusions: GDF-9 promotes the proliferation and migration of kFBs via a mechanism involving the Smad2/3 pathway.