bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stable Microbubble Test on Tracheal Aspirate for the Diagnosis of Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Eckert Seitz Elizabeth , Fiori Humberto Holmer , Luz Jorge Hecker , Fiori Renato Machado
Published: January 2005

Background: Exogenous surfactant should be used as early as possible in the presence of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), but diagnosis may only become clear late in the course of the disease. The stable microbubble test (SMT) in the tracheal aspirates could help in the decision to give early surfactant to preterm babies with respiratory distress. Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of the SMT on tracheal aspirate for the diagnosis of RDS in newborns requiring mechanical ventilation. Methods: The test was performed on specimens obtained from 74 infants requiring mechanical ventilation, through routine suctioning. Results: Patients with RDS and meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) had a significantly lower stable microbubble count than non-RDS and non-MAS patients. Preterm infants without RDS had a significantly higher microbubble count than preterm babies with RDS and a similar count to that of term babies. Considering a cutoff point of 120 microbubbles/mm2 for the diagnosis of RDS, the sensitivity of the microbubble test was 96.3% (95% CI: 79.1–99.8) and the specificity 97.6% (95% CI: 85.9–99.9). Conclusions: The SMT on tracheal aspirates is accurate for RDS diagnosis and may be useful to support the decision to give surfactant to newborns on mechanical ventilation.
Effect of Interleukin-10 on Newborn Piglet Brain following Hypoxia-Ischemia and Endotoxin-Induced Inflammation
Authors: Lyng Kristin , Munkeby Berit H. , Saugstad Ola Didrik , Stray-Pedersen Babill , Frøen J. Frederik
Published: January 2005

Objective: Previous animal studies indicated that interleukin (IL)-10 attenuates the inflammatory response to a challenge by inflammation and hypoxia-ischemia, but the effect of IL-10 administration after onset of inflammation has not been studied. We wanted to assess (1) whether IL-10 had a beneficial effect on brain metabolism and microcirculation in newborn piglets after an inflammatory, hypoxic and ischemic challenge, and (2) whether IL-10 had any harmful effects per se. Methods: Anesthetized piglets were randomized to control (n = 8), IL-10 (n = 10), endotoxin (ETX) (n = 10), or ETX and IL-10 (ETX/IL-10) (n = 10) groups. IL-10 was administered after pretreatment with saline in the IL-10 group or ETX in the ETX/IL-10 group. Then, cerebral hypoxia and ischemia was induced by bilateral clamping of the common carotid arteries and ventilation with 8% O2 for 30 min, followed by 4 h of reoxygenation and reperfusion. Extracellular levels of lactate, pyruvate, and glycerol were measured with microdialysis in periventricular white matter and parasagittal subcortical tissue, and tissue oxygenation and microcirculation were measured with Doppler technique. We compared the areas under the concentration-time and flow-time curves and maximum concentrations between (1) the ETX/IL-10 and ETX groups, and (2) the control and IL-10 groups. Results: We found no differences between (1) the ETX/IL-10 and ETX groups, and also no differences between (2) the control and IL-10 groups. Conclusion: We could not show that the treatment with IL-10 after onset of inflammation had neuroprotective effects in the newborn piglet brain. IL-10 did not attenuate metabolism in the absence of ETX-induced inflammation.
Kisspeptin Activation of Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone Neurons and Regulation of KiSS-1 mRNA in the Male Rat
Authors: Irwig Michael S. , Fraley Gregory S. , Smith Jeremy T. , Acohido Blake V. , Popa Simina M. , Cunningham Matthew J. , Gottsch Michelle L. , Clifton Donald K , Steiner Robert A.
Published: January 2005

The KiSS-1 gene codes for a family of neuropeptides called kisspeptins which bind to the G-protein-coupled receptor GPR54. To assess the possible effects of kisspeptins on gonadotropin secretion, we injected kisspeptin-52 into the lateral cerebral ventricles of adult male rats and found that kisspeptin-52 increased the serum levels of luteinizing hormone (p < 0.05). To determine whether the kisspeptin-52-induced stimulation of luteinizing hormone secretion was mediated by gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), we pretreated adult male rats with a GnRH antagonist (acyline), then challenged the animals with intracerebroventricularly administered kisspeptin-52. The GnRH antagonist blocked the kisspeptin-52-induced increase in luteinizing hormone. To examine whether kisspeptins stimulate transcriptional activity in GnRH neurons, we administered kisspeptin-52 intracerebroventricularly and found by immunocytochemistry that 86% of the GnRH neurons coexpressed Fos 2 h after the kisspeptin-52 challenge, whereas fewer than 1% of the GnRH neurons expressed Fos following injection of the vehicle alone (p < 0.001). To assess whether kisspeptins can directly act on GnRH neurons, we used double-label in situ hybridization and found that 77% of the GnRH neurons coexpress GPR54 mRNA. Finally, to determine whether KiSS-1 gene expression is regulated by gonadal hormones, we measured KiSS-1 mRNA levels by single-label in situ hybridization in intact and castrated males and found significantly higher levels in the arcuate nucleus of castrates. These results demonstrate that GnRH neurons are direct targets for regulation by kisspeptins and that KiSS-1 mRNA is regulated by gonadal hormones, suggesting that KiSS-1 neurons play an important role in the feedback regulation of gonadotropin secretion.
Long-Term Follow-Up of Trigeminal Neuralgia Treatment Using a Linear Accelerator
Authors: Kubicek Gregory J. , Hall Walter A. , Orner Jamie B. , Gerbi Bruce J. , Dusenbery Kathryn E.
Published: January 2005

While most of the studies examining radiosurgery for trigeminal neuralgia have used a Gamma Knife, a linear accelerator can also be utilized for treatment. We report on 20 patients with trigeminal neuralgia who received 23 treatments with a linear accelerator that delivered a maximum dose of 82.3–100 Gy. The median patient follow-up was 56.5 months, 70% of patients had received previous surgical treatment and 20% had secondary (nonessential) trigeminal neuralgia. Eight (35%) radiosurgery treatments resulted in complete pain relief; 5 (63%) patients with initial pain relief had pain recurrence at a mean time of 21.5 months. Ten (43%) patients reported a 50% or more decrease in pain severity but have not achieved a pain-free state. A total of 18 (78%) treatments resulted in no pain or a 50% or greater improvement in pain. Five treatments (22%) resulted in less than 50% improvement in pain. We conclude that linear accelerator stereotactic radiosurgery is a viable treatment option for trigeminal neuralgia patients, especially for patients who have not had a previous invasive treatment.
Trends in Five-Year Survival and Risk of Recurrent Stroke after First-Ever Stroke in the Perth Community Stroke Study
Authors: Hardie Kate , Jamrozik Konrad , Hankey Graeme J. , Broadhurst Robyn J. , Anderson Craig
Published: January 2005

Background: Few studies provide information on trends in the long-term outcome of stroke. Weaimed to determine trends in survival and recurrent stroke, over 5 years after first-ever stroke, for 2 cohorts of patients enrolled in the Perth Community Stroke Study in 1989–90 and 1995–96. Methods: For 12-month periods beginning February 1989 and February 1995, all individuals with an acute stroke who were resident in a geographically-defined and representative region of Perth, Western Australia, were registered and followed-up prospectively 5 years after the index event. Results: The 5-year cumulative risk of death was 59% (95% confidence interval (CI) 53%, 65%) and 58% (95% CI 52%, 65%) for the 1989–90 and 1995–96 cohorts, respectively (p = 0.94). The 5-year cumulative risk of first recurrent stroke was 32% (95% CI 25%, 40%) and 23% (95% CI 16%, 30%) for the 1989–90 and 1995–96 cohorts, respectively (p = 0.07). Conclusions: Although no statistically significant improvement occurred in 5-year survival after first-ever stroke in Perth between 1989–90 and 1995–96, there was a statistically nonsignificant trend towards a smaller cumulative risk of recurrent stroke over 5 years after a first-ever stroke. Serial community-based studies of the incidence and outcome of stroke are an important means of monitoring the translation of proven preventive interventions to improvements in population health.
The Depth of Microembolic Signal Direction Change Corresponds with Vessel Anatomy
Authors: Mess W.H. , Willigers J.M. , Ackerstaff R.G.A. , Elenbaas T..W.O. , Hoeks A.P.G.
Published: January 2005

Background: Analysis of microembolic signals (MES) suggests a change of flow direction (CFD). The aim of the present study was to relate MES direction in an amplitude plot, based on the radiofrequent (RF) signal, to the vascular anatomy as seen with transcranial color-coded duplex (TCCD). Methods: In 5 patients undergoing heart valve surgery or aortic arch replacement, preoperatively TCCD of the distal part of the internal carotid artery and the middle and anterior cerebral arteries on the right side was performed to determine potential depths of changes in flow direction. Peroperatively, a transcranial pulsed Doppler (TCD) monitoring probe was fixed over the right temporal bone. A customized RF-based system, connected to the TCD device, captured and stored the MES. Off-line, the color-coded amplitude of the clutter-filtered RF signals was plotted as a function of time (sample interval 0.17 ms) and depth (sample interval 0.05 mm). Results: A total of 313 MES were recorded in 4 patients with 66 MES (21%) showing a CFD. All MES with CFD could be assigned to maximally three different depth values, six out of eight CFD depth values as seen with the RF analysis were within 1 mm from a turn in flow direction as estimated with TCCD. Conclusions: A CFD of MES occurred at a very limited number of depths and corresponded mostly with the intracranial vascular anatomy, namely a turn of the flow direction in the intracranial vessels as observed with TCCD.
The Cognition and Behaviour of Children with Cochlear Implants, Children with Hearing Aids and Their Hearing Peers: A Comparison
Authors: Khan Sonya , Edwards Lindsey , Langdon Dawn
Published: January 2005

Hearing impairment has been associated with cognitive deficits. It is not yet clear whether cochlear implants enable children to reduce or overcome these deficits. This study examined whether hearing impaired children with cochlear implants differed from hearing impaired children without cochlear implants or from hearing children. The three age-matched groups were compared on a non-verbal measure of cognition, the Leiter International Performance Scale-Revised (LIPS-R), and a measure of behaviour, the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL). Apart from their scores on the Attention Sustained Subtest of the LIPS-R, the performance of the implanted group and the hearing group closely corresponded, while the hearing impaired children without cochlear implants performed below the level achieved by both these groups. There were no differences between any groups on the CBCL. It was concluded that hearing impaired children with cochlear implants were able to perform at the same non-verbal cognitive level as hearing children.
Differences in the Basic Pharmacology of Beta-Blocking Agents
Authors: Wehling Martin
Published: January 2005

β-Blockers are important in the treatment of arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, cardiac arrhythmias and heart failure. Their effects are mediated by the blockade of various types of β- and α-receptors, and compounds have been developed to specifically inhibit them. Nonselective β-blockers (e.g. propranolol, nadolol, penbutolol and carvedilol) differ from β1-selective blockers (e.g. metoprolol, atenolol, bisoprolol and nebivolol). Selectivity is never absolute and all β-blockers can cause problems in allergic asthma including serious side effects and death. The clinical advantage of selectivity appears to be meager, as only few patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease seem to benefit from increased tolerability. Another important feature is the intrinsic-sympathomimetic activity of some compounds (e. g. pindolol or oxprenolol), which is associated with negative outcomes. Vasodilation by additional α-blockade as seen with carvedilol results in metabolic neutrality and superior tolerability especially in patients with hypertension, heart failure and pAVK. Nebivolol is a β-blocker which leads to NO generation in the endothelium, and, thus, to NO-dependent vasodilation, and thus has a strong antihypertensive profile.
Epidemiology and Genetics, Morbidity and Mortality of Lipid-Associated Cardiovascular Disorders
Authors: Tonstad Serena
Published: January 2005

Cardiovascular disease has increased substantially in countries of central and eastern Europe and remains the major cause of premature death in Western populations. Cholesterol plays the major role in the underlying cause of cardiovascular disease, namely atherosclerosis. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated the prospective, strong and dose-dependent relationship between low density lipoprotein cholesterol and cardiovascular disease. In addition, evidence from molecular biology and randomized clinical trials supports the concept that elevated low density lipoprotein cholesterol is both sufficient and necessary for the development of atherosclerosis. Other risk factors than cholesterol greatly enhance the likelihood of symptomatic disease. Monogenic lipid disorders including familial hypercholesterolemia and familial defective apolipoprotein B illustrate the consequences of the dysregulation of cholesterol metabolism.
Lowering LDL Cholesterol: Where Is the End of the Journey?
Authors: März Winfried
Published: January 2005

Lowering LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) with statins is a well-documented strategy to reduce the incidence rate of cardiovascular events and deaths. There has been consensus so far that LDL-C should at least be lowered to 100 mg/dl in individuals suffering from established atherosclerotic disease and/or diabetes mellitus. Results of recent intervention trials of highly effective statins have lead to suggest that the target for high-risk individuals be set at substantially lower concentrations. As demonstrated by the Pravastatin or Atorvastatin Evaluation and Infection Therapy (PROVE-IT) study this recommendation appears warranted particularly in patients with acute coronary syndromes. However, evidence is emerging that LDL-C levels well below 100 mg/dl would also produce significant additional clinical benefit in patients with stable coronary artery disease or type 2 diabetes.
Zinc and Cadmium Interactions in a Renal Cell Line Derived from Rabbit Proximal Tubule
Authors: Barbier Olivier , Dauby Angélique , Jacquillet Grégory , Tauc Michel , Poujeol Philippe , Cougnon Marc
Published: January 2005

Background: The aim of this work was to characterize the relationship between zinc (Zn2+) and cadmium (Cd2+) and the toxic effects of Cd2+ in immortalized renal proximal tubule cells RP1. Methods: An RP1 cell line was developed from primary cultures of microdissected S1 and S2. Uptakes of 65Zn and 109Cd and competitive experiments with Cd2+ and Zn2+ were performed and kinetic parameters were determined. Oxygen consumption, metallothionein synthesis, and necrotic and apoptotic phenomena were studied. Results: Kinetic parameters indicate that 65Zn (Km = 71.8 ± 10.6 µM) and 109Cd (Km = 23.3 ± 2.0 µM) were both transported by a saturable carrier-mediated process. Competition between Cd2+ and Zn2+ uptake was reciprocal. Cd2+ induced an increase in necrosis and apoptosis, and a decrease in oxygen consumption, depending on Cd2+ concentrations. Concomitant addition of Zn2+ (10 µM) reduced the number of necrotic and apoptotic cells and maintained oxygen consumption at control levels. Cd2+ alone, or in the presence of Zn2+, increased metallothionein levels, whereas Zn2+ alone did not. Conclusion: Zn2+ and Cd2+ probably share the same transporter in the proximal tubule. Cd2+ caused necrotic and apoptotic cell death. Cd2+ toxicity may occur through an effect on the mitochondrial electron transport chain and not on metallothionein synthesis. Zn2+ protects against the renal cell toxicity of Cd2+.
Possible Effects of Hepatocyte Growth Factor for the Prevention of Peritoneal Fibrosis
Authors: Matsuo Koki , Maeda Yasuhiro , Naiki Yoshito , Matsuoka Toshiaki , Tamai Yoshihisa , Yonekawa Satoru , Sakaguchi Mika , Iwamoto Ichiro , Hasegawa Hirohumi , Matsumoto Kunio , Nakamura Toshikazu , Kanamaru Akihisa
Published: January 2005

Objective: Some patients who had carried out long-term continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis discontinued the treatment because of progressive peritoneal fibrosis. It has been previously reported that transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is one of the factors that induces peritoneal fibrosis. Also, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) plays a role in the prevention of fibrosis and in inhibiting TGF-β1 production. In this study, we examined the effects of HGF on peritoneal fibrosis by TGF-β1 induced by high concentrations of D-glucose. Design: We transfected a full-length human HGF cDNA in an expression vector into human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs) using the calcium phosphate method. Transfected HPMCs were cultured with high concentrations of D-glucose solution and co-cultured with fibroblasts using a transwell system. Cell proliferation was determined using the Tetra Color One method. TGF-β1 and HGF protein were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: In addition to recombinant HGF, the growth inhibition of HPMCs by high concentration D-glucose or TGF-β1 was significant. By transfecting HGF cDNA into HPMCs, growth inhibition by high concentration D-glucose was completely restored. Furthermore, the production of TGF-β1 was also significantly decreased. Conclusion: These results suggested that exogenous HGF could possibly prevent peritoneal fibrosis.
Safety of Cardiac Rehabilitation in a Medically Supervised, Community-Based Program
Authors: Scheinowitz Mickey , Harpaz David
Published: January 2005

The time to occurrence of cardiovascular complications after the beginning of an exercise rehabilitation program is variable. It is not clear whether such complications are related to the duration in the program. The aim of the present study was to assess the timing of cardiovascular events occurring during the activity and the long-term safety of a medically supervised cardiac rehabilitation program performed in the community, in a large cohort. We retrospectively evaluated 3,511 patients with a history of myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass grafting and risk factors for coronary artery disease, participating in exercise training, for 69 months. The total number of patient-hours was 338,688 with an event rate of 1/58,902 patient-hours/year (0.02%). Non-fatal events occurred in 11 patients and fatal cardiovascular events in 2 patients; 1 was successfully resuscitated. Most of the non-fatal events (62%) occurred during the first 4 weeks from the beginning of the exercise program. One third of the patients who experienced cardiovascular events, resumed the exercise program with no further complications. Medically supervised cardiac rehabilitation program is accompanied by a very low incidence of cardiovascular events. Nevertheless, special caution should be undertaken during the first sessions of the program.
No influence of the P-glycoprotein polymorphisms MDR1 G2677T/A and C3435T on the virological and immunological response in treatment naïve HIV-positive patients
Authors: Winzer Ralf , Langmann Peter , Zilly Michael , Tollmann Franz , Schubert Jörg , Klinker Hartwig , Weissbrich Benedikt
Published: January 2005

Background

In a retrospective study of HIV-infected patients, we investigated the influence of the MDR1 genotype (G2677T/A and C3435T) on the virological and immunological response of treatment naïve patients.

Methods

The MDR1 genotype was analysed from 72 patients in whom antiretroviral therapy was initiated between 1998 and 2004. Data were obtained at week 4, 12, 24 and 48 and were analysed by the Kruskal-Wallis test.

Results

During the first 48 weeks of antiretroviral therapy, there were no significant differences in the virological and immunological response with respect to the MDR1 2677 and 3435 genotypes and the 2677/3435 haplotype.

Conclusions

In view of different results from several studies concerning the influence of MDR1 polymorphisms on the immunological and virological response to antiretroviral therapy, further studies with larger patient groups and longer follow-up are necessary in order to resolve conflicting issues.
Reconceptualizing "Wolfian" Anthropology and the Peasantry
Authors: Smith Carol A.
Published: January 2005

Articulating Hidden Histories: Exploring the Influence of Eric R. Wolf. Jane Schneider and Rayna Rapp. eds. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1995.400 pp.

Reconceptualizing the Peasantry: Anthropology in Global Perspective. Michael Kearney. Boulder, CO. Westview Press, 1996. 210 pp.
Conservative Realists and Experimental Writers
Authors: Nourse Jennifer W.
Published: January 2005

Women Writing Culture. Ruth Behar and Deborah A. Gordon. eds. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1995. 457 pp.
Youthful Vigor and Mature Realism in Ceramic Studies
Authors: Blinman Eric
Published: January 2005

The Emergence of Pottery: Technology and Innovation in Ancient Societies. William K. Barnett and John W. Hoopes. eds. Smithsonian Series in Archaeological Inquiry. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1996. 286 pp.

The Social Dynamics of Pottery Style in the Early Puebloan Southwest. Michelle Hegmon. Cortez, CO. Crow Canyon Archaeological Center (distributed by University of Arizona Press), 1995. 272 pp.
Cultural Politics and China's Minorities
Authors: Schein Louisa
Published: January 2005

China's Minority Cultures. Colin Mackerras. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1995. 252 pp.

Cultural Encounters on China's Ethnic Frontiers. Stevan Harrell. ed. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1995. 379 pp.
Japanese Perspectives on China
Authors: Rudelson Justin Jon
Published: January 2005

The Literature of Travel in the Japanese Rediscovery of China 1862‐1945. Joshua A. Fogel. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1996. 418 pp.

Perspectives on Chinese Society: Anthropological Views from Japan. Suenari Michio. J. S. Eades, and Christian Darnels, eds. Canterbury, England: University of Kent, 1995.374 pp.
Agricultural Intensification in Asia and the Pacific
Authors: Dove Michael R.
Published: January 2005

The Wet and the Dry; Irrigation and Agricultural Intensification in Polynesia. Patrick Vinton Kirch. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994. 385 pp.

From Upland to Irrigated Rice: The Development of Wet‐ Rice Agriculture in Rejang Musi, Southwest‐Sumatra, Jürg Schneider. Berlin: Reimer, 1995. 214 pp.
An Unsolved Murder on Melville Island
Authors: Robinson Gary
Published: January 2005

Death in the Tiwi Islands: Conflict, Ritual and Social, Life in an Australian Aboriginal Community. Eric Venbrux. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995. 270 pp.
U.S. Immigrants and the Global Narrative
Authors: Schiller Nina Glick
Published: January 2005

Changing Identities: Vietnamese Americans, 1975‐1995. James M. Freeman. New Immigrant Series. Boston; Allyn and Bacon, 1995. 132 pp.

From the Workers' State to the Golden State: Jews from the Former Soviet Union in California. Steven J. Gold. New Immigrant Series. Boston; Allyn and Bacon, 1995. 122 pp.

From the Ganges to the Hudson: Indian Immigrants in New York City. Johanna Lessinger. New Immigrant Series. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1995. 159 pp.

Salvadorans in Suburbia: Symbiosis and Conflict. Sarah J. Mahler. New Immigrant Series. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1995.127pp.

Visa for. Dream: Dominicans in the United States. Patricia R. Pessar. New Immigrant Series. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1995. 98 pp.
Tasting Food, Tasting Freedom: Excursions into Eating, Culture, and the Past
Authors: Roseberry William
Published: January 2005

Tasting Food, Tasting Freedom: Excursions into Eating, Culture, and the Past. Sidney W. Mintz. Boston: Beacon Press, 1996.149 pp.
Children and the Politics of Culture
Authors: Koester David
Published: January 2005

Children and the Politics of Culture. Sharon Stephens. ed Princeton, NJ; Princeton University Press, 1995.366 pp.
The Politics of Difference: Ethnic Premises in a World of Power
Authors: Aretxaga Begoña
Published: January 2005

The Politics of Difference: Ethnic Premises in. World of Power. Edwin N. Wilmsen and Patrick McAllister. eds. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996. 210 pp.
Sexual Behaviour and AIDS in the Developing World
Authors: Schoepf Brooke Grundfest
Published: January 2005

Sexual Behaviour and AIDS in the Developing World. John Cleland and Benoìat Ferry. eds. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1994. 228 pp.
Education and Identity in Rural France: The Politics of Schooling
Authors: Muncey Donna E.
Published: January 2005

Education and Identity in Rural France: The Politics of Schooling. Deborah Reed‐Danahay. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996. 237 pp.
The Myth of Mondragón: Cooperatives, Politics, and Working‐Class Life in a Basque Town
Authors: Taylor Peter Leigh
Published: January 2005

The Myth of Mondragón: Cooperatives, Politics, and Working‐Class Life in. Basque Town. Sharryn Kasmir. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1996. 243 pp.
The Hegemonic Male: Masculinity in a Portuguese Town
Authors: Gilmore David D.
Published: January 2005

The Hegemonic Male: Masculinity in. Portuguese Town. Miguel Vale de Almeida Providence, RI; Berghahn Books, 1996. 186 pp.
Sufism and Islamic Reform in Egypt: The Battle for Islamic Tradition
Authors: Gaffney Patrick D.
Published: January 2005

Sufism and Islamic Reform in Egypt: The Battle for Islamic Tradition. Julian Johansen. Oxford, England: Clarendon Press, 1996. 323 pp.
Muslim Politics
Authors: Bowen John R.
Published: January 2005

Muslim Politics. Dale F. Eickelman and James Piscatori. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1996. 235 pp.
The Golden Yoke: The Legal Cosmology of Buddhist Tibet
Authors: Rosen Lawrence
Published: January 2005

The Golden Yoke: The Legal Cosmology of Buddhist Tibet. Rebecca Redwood French. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1995.404 pp.
Lukang: Commerce and Community in a Chinese City
Authors: Liu Xin
Published: January 2005

Lukang: Commerce and Community in. Chinese City. Donald R. DeGlopper. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1995. 295 pp.
Re‐Imaging Japanese Women
Authors: Childs Margaret H.
Published: January 2005

Re‐Imaging Japanese Women, Anne E. Imamura. ed. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996.358 pp.
Permitted and Prohibited Desires: Mothers, Comics, and Censorship in Japan
Authors: Tamanoi Mariko Asano
Published: January 2005

Permitted and Prohibited Desires: Mothers, Comics, and Censorship in Japan. Anne Allison. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1996. 225 pp.
In the Age of Mabo: History, Aborigines and Australia
Authors: Bell Diane
Published: January 2005

In the Age of Mabo: History, Aborigines and Australia, Bain Attwood. ed. Sydney: Allen and Unwin, 1996.193 pp.
Land, Custom and Practice in the South Pacific
Authors: Ogan Eugene
Published: January 2005

Land, Custom and Practice in the South Pacific, R. Gerard Ward and Elizabeth Kingdon. eds. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995. 290 pp.
History, Power and Identity: Ethnogenesis in the Americas, 1492‐1992
Authors: Adams Richard N.
Published: January 2005

History, Power and Identity: Ethnogenesis in the Americas, 1492‐1992. Jonathan D. Hill. ed. Iowa City: University of Iowa Press, 1996. 277 pp.
The Prehistoric Pueblo World
Authors: Stone Tammy
Published: January 2005

The Prehistoric Pueblo World, A.D. 1150‐1350. Michael A. Adler. ed. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1996.279 pp.
Ceramic Production in the American Southwest
Authors: Skibo James M.
Published: January 2005

Ceramic Production in the American Southwest, Barbara J. Mills and Patricia L. Crown. eds. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1995. 310 pp.
La tradición del Amate: Innovatión y protesta en el arte Mexicano/TheAmate Tradition: Innovation and Dissent in Mexican Art
Authors: Leibsohn Dana
Published: January 2005

La tradición del Amate: Innovatión. protesta en el arte Mexicano/TheAmate Tradition: Innovation and Dissent in Mexican Art. Jonathan D. Amith. ed. Chicago: Mexican Fine Arts Center Museum; Coyoacán, Mexico: La Casa de las lm´genes, 1996.168 pp.
Maya Resurgence in Guatemala: Q'eqchi' Experiences
Authors: Wilk Richard R.
Published: January 2005

Maya Resurgence in Guatemala: Q'eqchi' Experiences. Richard Wilson. Norman; University of Oklahoma Press, 1995.373 pp.
The Dance of Power: Ritual and Agency among Unionized American Health Care Workers
Authors: Durrenberger E. Paul , Erem Suzan
Published: January 2005

The authors illustrate the roles of agency and structure as workers, management, and a union representative use ritual encounters for their own ends in an American hospital. They also discuss the symbolism of the union contract as a charter for ritual and indicate how it and the structure that defines it subvert the broader goals of the union.
Biocultural Factors in School Achievement for Mopan Children in Belize
Authors: Crooks Deborah L.
Published: January 2005

Mayan children in Belize face a number of challenges to school success. Their families are the poorest of the poor, and the Mopan children in this study exhibit poor growth and poor school achievement. But a direct relationship between growth and school achievement was evident only for current nutritional status, not for nutritional history. A combination of quantitative and qualitative data revealed that school achievement for these Mopan children may relate more to family attributes and attitudes than to health and nutritional status. The strongest predictors of school achievement were father's literacy and grade level in school.
Positively Diverse: Jewish Difference in Western Culture and the Academy
Authors: Frank Gelya
Published: January 2005

Thinking in Jewish. Jonathan Boyarin. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996. 218 pp.

People of the Book: Thirty Scholars Reflect on Their Jewish Identity. Jeffrey Rubin‐Dorsky and Shelley Fisher Fishkin. eds. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1996. 507 pp.
Egyptian Popular Culture in Wide Array
Authors: Washabaugh William
Published: January 2005

Mass Culture and Modernism in Egypt. Walter Armbrust New York: Cambridge University Press, 1996.275 pp.
Political Violence, Narrative, and Memory
Authors: Caton Stephen
Published: January 2005

Lords of the Lebanese Marclies: Violence and Narrative in an Arab Society. Michael Gilsenan. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996. 377 pp.

Memories of Revolt: The 1936‐1939 Rebellion and the Palestinian National Past. Ted Swedenburg. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1995. 259 pp.
The Balance of Textual Power
Authors: Lindholm Charles
Published: January 2005

Nationalism and the Genealogical Imagination: Oral History and Textual Authority in Tribal Jordan. Andrew Shryock. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997. 359 pp.
On the Anthropology of Literacy
Authors: Parmentier Richard J.
Published: January 2005

Literacy, Emotion, and Authority: Reading and Writing on. Polynesian Atoll. Niko Besnier. Studies in the Social and Cultural Foundations of Language, 16. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995. 234 pp.
The Primitives of Linguistic Meaning
Authors: Maclaury Robert E.
Published: January 2005

Semantics: Primes and Universals. Anna Wierzbicka. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 1996. 500 pp.
The Role of Anthropology in Cognitive Science
Authors: Carlson Robert G.
Published: January 2005

Culture in Mind: Cognition, Culture, and the Problem of Meaning. Bradd Shore. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996. 428 pp.
Mississippian Ups and Downs
Authors: Pauketat Timothy R.
Published: January 2005

Political Structure and Change in the Prehistoric Southeastern United States. John F. Scarry. ed. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1996. 324 pp.

Mississippian Communities and Households. J. Daniel Rogers and Bruce D. Smith. eds. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1995. 310 pp.
Tropical Deforestation: The Human Dimension
Authors: Lewellen Ted C.
Published: January 2005

Tropical Deforestation: The Human Dimension. Leslie E. Sponsel. Thomas N. Headland, and Robert C. Bailey, eds. New York: Columbia University Press,1996. 365 pp.
Acfie Life History: Tlie Ecology and Demography of a Foraging People
Authors: Gragson Ted L.
Published: January 2005

Acfie Life History: Tlie Ecology and Demography of. Foraging People. Kim Hill and A. Magdalena Hurtado. New York: Aldine de Gruyter, 1996. 561 pp.
Making Alternative Histories: The Practice of Archaeology and History in Non‐Western Settings
Authors: Kryder‐Reid Elizabeth
Published: January 2005

Making Alternative Histories: The Practice of Archaeology and History in Non‐Western Settings. Peter R. Schmidt and Thomas C. Patterson. eds. Santa Fe, NM: School of American Research Press, 1995. 312 pp.
Man and Sea in the Mesolithic: Coastal Settlement above and below Present Sea Level
Authors: Straus Lawrence G.
Published: January 2005

Man and Sea in the Mesolithic: Coastal Settlement above and below Present Sea Level. Anders Fischer. ed. Oxbow Monograph, 53. Oakville, CT. David Brown Book Company, 1995. 440 pp.
The Earliest Occupation of Europe
Authors: Harrold Francis B.
Published: January 2005

The Earliest Occupation of Europe. Wil Roebroeks and Thys Van Kolfschoten. eds. Leiden, Netherlands: University of Leiden, 1995. 332 pp.
An Ethnography of the Neolithic: Early Prehistoric Societies in Southern Scandinavia
Authors: Kriastiansen Kristine
Published: January 2005

An Ethnography of the Neolithic: Early Prehistoric Societies in Southern Scandinavia. Christopher Tilley. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996. 360 pp.
Prehistoric Cultures of Eastern Pennsylvania
Authors: Becker Marshall Joseph
Published: January 2005

Prehistoric Cultures of Eastern Pennsylvania. Jay F. Custer. Harrisburg: Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1996. 383 pp.
Aztec Imperial Strategies
Authors: Hicks Frederic
Published: January 2005

Aztec Imperial Strategies. Frances F. Berdan. Richard E. Blanton. Elizabeth Hill Boone. Mary G. Hodge. Michael E. Smith. and Emily Umberger. Washington, DC: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collections, 1996. 392 pp.
Narratives of the Incas
Authors: Bauer Brian S.
Published: January 2005

Narratives of the Incas. Juan De Betanzos. Translated and edited by Roland Hamilton and Dana Buchanan from the Palma de Mallorca manuscript. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1996. 326 pp.
Youth Cultures: A Cross‐Cultural Perspective
Authors: Hollos Marida
Published: January 2005

Youth Cultures:. Cross‐Cultural Perspective. Vered Amit‐Talai and Helena Wulff. eds. London: Routledge, 1995.239 pp.
Vintages and Traditions: An Ethnohistory of Southwest French Wine Cooperatives
Authors: Beriss David
Published: January 2005

Vintages and Traditions: An Ethnohistory of Southwest French Wine Cooperatives. Robert C. Ulin. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1996. 300 pp.
The Rationality of Rural Life: Economic and Agricultural Change in Tuscany
Authors: Blim Michael
Published: January 2005

The Rationality of Rural Life: Economic and Agricultural Change in Tuscany. Jeff Pratt. Switzerland: Harwood Academic Publishers, 1994. 219 pp.
No Nation Is an Island: Language, Culture, and National Identity in the Faroe Islands
Authors: Gaffin Dennis
Published: January 2005

No Nation Is an Island: Language, Culture, and National Identity in the Faroe Islands. Tom Nauerby. North Atlantic Monographs, 3. Århus, Denmark: SNAI‐North Atlantic Publications; distributed by Arhus University Press, 1996. 237 pp.
The Little Czech and the Great Czech Nation: National Identity and the Post‐Communist Transformation of Society
Authors: Nash Rebecca
Published: January 2005

The Little Czech and the Great Czech Nation: National Identity and the Post‐Communist Transformation of Society. Ladislav Holy. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1996. 226 pp.
Andean Lives: Gregorio Condori Mamani and Asunta Quispe Huamán
Authors: Rappaport Joanne
Published: January 2005

Andean Lives: Gregorio Condori Mamani and Asunta Quispe Huamán.Ricardo Valderrama Fernández and Carmen Escalante Gutiérrez, original eds.; Paul H. Gelles and Gabriela Martínez Escobar, trans. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1996. 199 pp.
Pueblos indígenas ante el derecho
Authors: Greenhouse Carol J.
Published: January 2005

Pueblos indígenas ante el derecho. Victoria Chenaut and Maria Teresa Sierra. eds. Mexico City: Centro de Investigaciónes. Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social; Centro Francés de Estudios Mexicanos Centroamericanos, 1995. 370 pp.
The Two‐Headed Deer: Illustration of the Ramayana in Orissa
Authors: Gadon Elinor
Published: January 2005

The Two‐Headed Deer: Illustration of the Ramayana in Orissa. Joanna Williams. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996.210 pp.
The Thread of Life: Toraja Reflections on the Life Cycle
Authors: Hagen James
Published: January 2005

The Thread of Life: Toraja Reflections on the Life Cycle. Douglas W. Hollan and Jane C. Wellenkamp. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1996. 239 pp.
Nuer Dilemmas: Coping with Money, War, and the State
Authors: James Wendy
Published: January 2005

Nuer Dilemmas: Coping with Money, War, and the State. Sharon E. Hutchinson. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996. 408 pp.
Lifebuoy Men, Lux Women: Commodification, Consumption, and Cleanliness in Modern Zimbabwe
Authors: Engelke Mathew
Published: January 2005

Lifebuoy Men, Lux Women: Commodification, Consumption, and Cleanliness in Modern Zimbabwe. Timothy Burke. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1996. 298 pp.
Shamanism and Altered States of Consciousness
Authors: Price‐Williams Douglass , Hughes Dureen J.
Published: January 2005

There has been a renewed interest in psychology and anthropology in the idea of altered states of consciousness. This paper begins by examining the meaning of this term and the extent to which such experiences are reported globally. The topic of shamanism is then discussed, first with respect to its social functions, and then to what is known about its psychological aspects (which is little). Far more is known about altered states of consciousness (ASCs) as they are expressed in meditation, trance and possession, and channeling, and a number of studies are reviewed, both of individuals and of groups, which illustrate the full extent of ASCs. The following section then goes more deeply into the stimulus situations that are associated with ASCs. This brings the discussion into drugs, attempts at altering the sensorium (music and imagery in particular) and recent technological innovations, peculiar to our time, which deliberately alter our usual state of awareness through feedback principles. In the final section, what is known about the physiology of ASCs is reviewed and also the extent to which these phenomena, including shamanism, are regarded as pathological. As a great number of people across the world utilize the healing aspects of trance, possession and shamanic practices, this aspect is discussed, and lastly the adaptive functions of ASCs are considered, with their context in the history of psychology.
Shamanic Healing and Ritual Drama: Health and Medicine in Native North American Religious Traditions
Authors: Mills Antonia
Published: January 2005

Shamanic Healing and Ritual Drama: Health and Medicine in Native North American Religious Traditions. Åke Hultkrantz. New York: Crossroad, 1992. 197 pp. $19.95 (cloth).
The Eroticism of Debt: Pearl Divers, Traders, and Sea Wives in the Aru Islands, Eastern Indonesia
Authors: Spyer Patricia
Published: January 2005

Seductive and dangerous undersea female spirits provide male divers with pearl oysters and in return demand store‐bought goods, thereby revealing their complicity with the Sino‐lndonesians who own the stores and motorboats and to whom the divers are indebted. Rather than simply making trade meaningful or mirroring assumed social realities, the fetishized sea wives are crucial to the workings of trade and debt and to the negotiation and refashioning of commerce, gender, and interethnic exchanges, [fetishism, trade and debt relations, gender, interethnic exchange, Indonesia]
The Cinematic Grlot: The Ethnography of Jean Rouch
Authors: Wardle Huon
Published: January 2005

The Cinematic Grlot: The Ethnography of Jean Rouch. Paul Stoller. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992. xvll + 247 pp., figures, illustrations, bibliography, fllmography, references, Index.
Gendered Fields: Women, Men, and Ethnography
Authors: Kaprow Miriam Lee
Published: January 2005

Gendered Fields: Women, Men, and Ethnography. Diane Bell. Pat Caplan, and Wazir Jahan Karim, eds., London: Routledge, 1993. xvi + 260 pp., contributors, photos, notes, references, indexes.
Cochise: Chiricahua Apache Chief
Authors: Webster Anthony
Published: January 2005

Cochise: Chiricahua Apache Chief. Edward R. Sweeny. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1991. xxiii + 501 pp. maps, photographs, notes, works cited, Index.
Ordinary Life, Festival Days: Aesthetics in the Midwestern County Fair
Authors: Lavenda Robert H.
Published: January 2005

Ordinary Life, Festival Days: Aesthetics in the Midwestern County Fair. Leslie Prosterman. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Instltution Press, 1995. xi + 220 pp., photographs, notes, Index.
The Anthropology of Lower Income Urban Enclaves: The Case of East Harlem
Authors: Stinson‐Fernandez John H.
Published: January 2005

The Anthropology of Lower Income Urban Enclaves: The Case of East Harlem. Judith Freidenberg, ed. New York: New York Academy of Sciences, 1995. xxi + 287 pp.figures, tables, notes, appendixes, contiibutors, references, Index.
The Textual Life of Savants: Ethnography, Iceland, and the Linguistic Turn
Authors: Nadel‐Klein Jane
Published: January 2005

The Textual Life of Savants: Ethnography, Iceland, and the Linguistic Turn. Gíali Pálsson. Chur, Switzerland: Harwood Aca‐ demlc Publishers, 1995. x + 210 pp., figures, notes, references, Index.
The Maintenance and Transmission of Ethnic Identity: A Study of Four Ethnic Groups of Religious Jews in Israel
Authors: Levy Andre
Published: January 2005

The Maintenance and Transmission of Ethnic Identity: A Study of Four Ethnic Groups of Religious Jews In Israel. Linda B. Soroff. Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1095. xii + 248 pp., tables, appendixes, endnotes. bibliography
Shifting Contexts: Transformations in Anthropological Knowledge
Authors: Locher Michael A.
Published: January 2005

Shifting Contexts: Transformations in Anthropological Knowledge. MARILYN STRATHERN, ed. London and New York: Routledge, 1995. xii + 193 pp., figures, contributors, notes, references, name index, subject index.
Tense Past: Cultural Essays in Trauma and Memory
Authors: Weiss Brad
Published: January 2005

Tense Past: Cultural Essays in Trauma and Memory. PAUL ANTZE and MICHAEL LAMBEK, eds. New York: Routledge, 1996. xxxvii + 266 pp., notes, references, contributors, indexes.
Anthropology of Religion: A Handbook
Authors: Stewart Charles
Published: January 2005

Anthropology of Religion: A Handbook. STEPHEN D. GLAZIER, ed. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1997. viii + 542 pp., select topical bibliography, contributors, index.
Imagined Childhoods: Self and Society in Autobiographical Accounts
Authors: Lukose Ritty A.
Published: January 2005

Imagined Childhoods: Self and Society in Autobiographical Accounts. MARIANNE GULLESTAD, ed. Oslo: Scandinavian University Press, 1996. viii + 244 pp., notes, references, contributors.
Consumption and Everyday Life
Authors: Al‐Zubaida Layla
Published: January 2005

Consumption and Everyday Life. HUGH MACKAY, ed. London: Sage, 1997. 368 pp., references, figures, tables, index.
Naven ou le donner à voir: Essai d'interprétation de I'action rituelle
Authors: Strathern Andrew
Published: January 2005

Naven ou le donner à voir: Essai d'interprétation de I'action rituelle. MICHAEL HOUSEMAN and CARLO SEVERI. Paris: Editions CNRS and Editions de la Maison des Sciences de I'Homme, 1994. 224 pp., tables, bibliography, index.
The Indigenous People of Asia
Authors: Locher Michael A.
Published: January 2005

The Indigenous People of Asia. R. H. BARNES, ANDREW GRAY, and BENEDICT KINGSBURY, eds. Ann Arbor, Ml: Association for Asian Studies Inc., 1995. xil + 539 pp., tables, maps, plates, contributors, notes, references, index.
Understanding Witchcraft and Sorcery in Southeast Asia
Authors: Kapferer Bruce
Published: January 2005

Understanding Witchcraft and Sorcery in Southeast Asia. C. W. WATSON and ROY ELLEN, eds. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1993. viii + 222 pp., notes, references, contributors, subject index, author index.
The Ancestral Lords: Gender, Descent, and Spirits in a Northern Thai Village
Authors: Mills Mary Beth
Published: January 2005

The Ancestral Lords: Gender, Descent, and Spirits in a Northern Thai Village. MICHAEL R. RHUM. Center for Southeast Asian Studies Special Reports, 29. DeKalb: Northern Illinois University, Center for Southeast Asian Studies, 1994. vi + 202 pp., charts, diagrams, notes, appendix, glossary, bibliography.
Perspectives on Chinese Society: Anthropological Views from Japan
Authors: Wang Lihua
Published: January 2005

Perspectives on Chinese Society: Anthropological Views from Japan. SUENARI MICHIO, J. S. EADES, and CHRISTINA DANIELS, eds. Canterbury: Center for Social Anthropology and Computing. University of Kent at Canterbury, xv + 373 pp., notes, bibliography, glossary, index.
Art and Life in Bangladesh
Authors: Yalman Nur
Published: January 2005

Art and Life in Bangladesh. HENRY GLASSIE. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1997. 511 pp., figures, glossary, notes, bibliography, index.
Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism
Authors: Shaw Carolyn Martin
Published: January 2005

Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism. MAHMOOD MAMDANI. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1996. xii + 353 pp., notes, index.
Women of Fire and Spirit: History, Faith, and Gender in Roho Religion in Western Kenya
Authors: Wood John C.
Published: January 2005

Women of Fire and Spirit: History, Faith, and Gender in Roho Religion in Western Kenya. CYNTHIA HOEHLER‐FATTON. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1996 xxviii + 260 pp., maps, photos, appendix, notes, references, index.
Gender Politics in Sudan: Islamism, Socialism, and the State
Authors: Kenyon Susan M.
Published: January 2005

Gender Politics in Sudan: Islamism, Socialism, and the State. SONDRA HALE. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1996. xvi + 292 pp., notes, tables, glossary, references, index.
African Families and the Crisis of Social Change
Authors: Smith Daniel J.
Published: January 2005

African Families and the Crisis of Social Change. THOMAS S. WEISNER, CANDICE BRADLEY, and PHILIP L. KILBRIDE, eds. Westport, CT. Greenwood Publishing Group, 1997. xxxii + 369 pp. illustrations, notes, references, index, contributors.
Ourselves and Others: The Development of a Greek Macedonian Cultural Identity since 1912
Authors: Hart Laurie Kain
Published: January 2005

Ourselves and Others: The Development of a Greek Macedonian Cultural Identity since 1912. PETER MACKRIDGE and ELENI YANNAKAKIS. Oxford and New York: Berg, 1997. xii + 259 pp., contributors, notes, bibliography, index.
Sister Jamaica: A Study of Women, Work, and Households in Kingston
Authors: Aymer Paula L.
Published: January 2005

Sister Jamaica: A Study of Women, Work, and Households in Kingston. A. LYNN BOLLES. Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1996. xx + 129 pp., figures, tables, appendix, bibliography.
Exposing Prejudice: Puerto Rican Experiences of Language, Race, and Class
Authors: Stinson‐Fernandez John H.
Published: January 2005

Exposing Prejudice: Puerto Rican Experiences of Language, Race, and Class. BONNIE URCIUOLI. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1996. xvi + 179 pp. appendixes, references, index.