bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structural analysis of LZTFL1 protein by the principal component analysis method (PCA-seq)
Authors: Khegay I. I. , Yu X. , Efremov V. M.
Published: January 2025

The single-nucleotide mutation rs17713054GA in the promoter region of LZTFL1 (leucine zipper transcription factor like 1) gene is a factor in the severe course of coronavirus infection COVID-19. Computer statistical analysis of the gene by principal component analysis (PCA-seq) revealed the presence of a high correlation between the first principal component of the translated amino acid sequence and eleven amino acid indices of the AAindex database, characterizing the physicochemical and biochemical properties of the protein. The indices BEGF750102, CHOP780209, PALJ810110, GEIM800107, QIAN880121, LEVM780102, PRAM900103 are associated with β-folding parameters. The LZTFL1 protein is part of the Bardet-Biedl Syndrome (BBS) protein complexes that regulate intracellular transport in the ciliated epithelium of the lungs. It is assumed that the presence of β-sheet elements in the structure of the LZTFL1 protein plays an important role in ACE2 receptor-mediated endocytosis, stimulating the rate of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 recycling and accelerating the delivery of adherented coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 virions into the cell during the initiation of severe acute respiratory syndrome COVID-19.
Inhibition of dipeptidylpeptidase-IV by 2-S-cyanopyrrolidine inhibitors of prolyl endopeptidase
Authors: Makarov G. I. , Zolotov N. N. , Pozdnev V. F.
Published: January 2025

Many regulatory neuropeptides contain a large amount of proline residues. The unique proline peptide bond conformation protects these peptides from enzymatic degradation; therefore enzymes cleaving the proline peptide bonds in neuropeptides are of particular interest. The abnormal activity of serine peptidases that cleave peptides at the carboxyl group of proline residues prolyl endopeptidase (PEP) and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) were observed in patients with anxiety disorders. PEP is involved in the maturation and degradation of neuropeptides and peptide hormones, it also is associated with the regulation of blood pressure and various disorders of the central nervous system. DPP-IV is involved in many physiological processes, in particular in glucose homeostasis in type II diabetes and immunity. When studying the metabolism of the N-acyl derivative of the aminoacyl-2-cyanopyrrolidine PEP inhibitor a decreasing in the activity of DPP-IV at the initial time was detected. This was an unexpected effect observed for inhibitors of the general formula X-Y-2-S-cyanopyrrolidine, where X represents the N-protective group and Y represents the amino acid (any besides glycine and proline). Molecular dynamics simulations of inhibitor complexes with proteases revealed the possibility of PEP inhibitors binding in the DPP-IV active site with hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions that allow linkage of the nitrile group with the catalytic serine residue in the DPP-IV active site. The present study opens the prospect of creating new pharmacologically active ligands of PEP and DPP-IV.
Pyridine derivatives of 3,4-dihydroquinoxalin-2-one and 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-2-one acute toxicity evaluation
Authors: Ternovskaya S. A. , Vlasenko V. S. , Novikov A. N. , Dengis N. A. , Stalinskaya A. L. , Kulakov I. V.
Published: January 2025

An acute toxicity test was conducted on derivatives of bis(3,4-dihydroquinoxalin-2-one) and bis(3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-2-one) synthesized based on 3,5-diacetyl-2,6-dimethylpyridine by single intraperitoneal injection in guinea pigs. It was found that according to K.K. Sidorov’s classification, one of the pyridine derivatives, bis(3,4-dihydroquinoxalin-2-one), exhibited low toxicity, as evidenced by the absence of lethal outcomes when administered to animals in the range of 100 to 400 µg/kg. However, it was accompanied by signs of neurological disorders regardless of the compound dose, which disappeared within a day. When guinea pigs were inoculated with another pyridine derivative, bis(3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-2-one), more pronounced and prolonged intoxication symptoms were observed, including convulsive movements of the hind limbs, decreased mobility, and delayed reaction to stimuli, leading to the death of 33% of subjects at a dose of 100 mg/kg, 66% at a dose of 200 mg/kg, and 100% of animals at a dose of 400 mg/kg. Analysis of hematological and biochemical studies conducted on the 15th day after the administration of the test compounds showed no significant deviations from normal physiological values, despite some individual parameters showing differences compared to the control group. Thus, the acute toxicity parameters of the studied compounds were not the same and were more pronounced in the pyridine derivative bis(3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-2-one); however, both compounds can be recommended for subsequent study of antibacterial and antiviral activity in guinea pigs.
Non-agglomerated oligonucleotide-containing nanocomposites based on titanium dioxide nanoparticles
Authors: Repkova M. N. , Mazurkov O. Y. , Filippova E. I. , Mazurkova N. A. , Poletaeva Yu. E. , Ryabchikova E. I. , Zarytova B. F. , Levina A. S.
Published: January 2025

Stability and monodispersity are important properties of nanoparticles and nanocomposites that ensure the reliability of their application in biological systems and the reproducibility of results. The preparation of non-agglomerated oligonucleotide-containing nanocomposites based on anatase titanium dioxide nanoparticles (Ans~ODN) is the aim of this work. The immobilization of oligodeoxynucleotides on TiO2 nanoparticles has been studied by the dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy. The antiviral activity of the synthesized samples has been performed on VERO cells infected with herpes simplex virus of the first type. The effect of NaCl on the agglomeration of nanoparticles and nanocomposites in aqueous solutions has been studied. The presence of NaCl leads to agglomeration of nanoparticles and nanocomposites. It has been shown that nanocomposites are formed in an aqueous solution in the absence of NaCl. A comparison of the biological activity of nanocomposites prepared in water and saline solution has been carried out with an example of inhibition of replication of the herpes simplex virus of the first type in the cell culture. The studied nanocomposite, regardless of the preparation method (in water or 0.9% NaCl), inhibited virus replication by 4.5 orders of magnitude when used 1 day after preparation. After 10 days of storage, the activity of the sample prepared in saline solution was two orders of magnitude lower than that of the active sample prepared in water. We have developed the method for the preparation of non-agglomerated oligonucleotide-containing nanocomposites based on anatase nanoparticles and demonstrated their potential use for the study of their biological activity. Unlike nanocomposites prepared in the presence of salt, which lose their efficacy during storage, nanocomposites that are not prone to agglomeration can be obtained in water for future use.
Expression of extracellular fragment of murine PD-L1 and production of antibodies to PD-L1
Authors: Goryunova M. S. , Ryazantsev D. Y. , Petrova E. E. , Kostenko V. V. , Makarova A. O. , Kholodenko R. V. , Ryabukhina E. V. , Kalinovsky D. V. , Kotsareva O. D. , Svirshchevskaya E. V.
Published: January 2025

A number of molecules expressed on mammalian cells are involved in the formation of autotolerance. These primarily include CTLA-4/B7 and PD1-PD-L1 signaling pathways. Blockers of these signaling pathways, called checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) of immunity, are used in the clinic for the treatment of various forms of cancer. Antibodies to CTLA-4 cause systemic toxicity and are approved only for some tumors. Antibodies against PD1 or PD-L1 have been successfully used for the treatment of various forms of cancer and are characterized by low toxicity. However, the response to therapy using CPIs is not always observed. The development of more effective approaches to cancer therapy based on PD1/PD-L1 inhibitors requires additional research. The aim of this work was to express the extracellular part of the murine PD-L1 protein (exPD-L1) and obtain antibodies to PD-L1. The mouse exPD-L1 protein was obtained and characterized in the bacterial expression system. exPD-L1 protein was used to immunize mice in order to produce anti-PD-L1 antibodies. Using hybridomic technology, 5 clones expressing antibodies to exPD-L1 were obtained. Antibodies of the B12 clone were developed in the ascitic fluid of BALB/c mice and purified by affinity chromatography. The ELISA method for purified antibodies showed specific binding to the exPD-L1 protein and the commercial protein of the extracellular part of murine PD-L1. Experiments using flow cytometry and confocal microscopy have shown that the antibodies obtained bind the intracellular form of the PD-L1 protein, unlike commercial antibodies binding the membrane form.
СВІТОГЛЯДНО-ФОРМУЮЧИЙ ПОТЕНЦІАЛ ФІЛОСОФСЬКИХ ЗНАНЬ У СИСТЕМІ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ МАЙБУТНІХ ФАХІВЦІВ У ГАЛУЗІ СОЦІАЛЬНОЇ РОБОТИ
Authors: БЕРЕГОВА Галина , КОСТЮЧКОВ Сергій
Published: January 2025

У роботі розглянута роль філософських знань у формуванні особистості здобувача вищої освіти – майбутнього фахівця в галузі соціальної роботи, професійна діяльність якого в перспективі пов’язана з нагальними проблемами суспільства, соціальною безпекою груп населення та конкретних осіб, які потребують допомоги.Відзначено, що важливим чинником розвитку вищої освіти в Україні є вдосконалення методики викладання суспільно-гуманітарних дисциплін, зокрема філософії. Філософське знання у системі професійної підготовки фахівців визначено як не тільки сума знань із гуманітарних наук, а й особливий стан розуму та інтелекту, що визначає прагнення до вільної критичної думки. Акцентовано увагу на ому, що саме філософія забезпечує реалістичне сприйняття суспільного життя в його індивідуальних виявах і формує науковий світогляд, ціннісні орієнтації та життєві позиції здобувача вищої освіти – майбутнього професіонала.Визначено основні аспекти проблеми формування світогляду майбутніх фахівців засобами філософії: (1) змістовне наповнення навчального матеріалу з філософії має узгоджуватися зі спеціалізацією студентів; (2) здобувачі вищої освіти мають бути підготовлені до сприйняття проблемного поля філософії; (3) вкладання філософії має набувати інноваційного інтерактивного характеру; (4) освітня складова курсів спеціальності «Соціальна робота» має вміщувати соціальну філософію та суміжні курси з розвитку аналітичних здібностей студентів; (5) заклади вищої освіти повинні готувати не тільки освічених, а духовних, високо моральних особистостей – моральну еліту держави. У роботі зроблено висновок про те, що для формування особистості майбутнього фахівця в галузі соціальної роботи, майбутня професійна діяльність якого буде пов'язана з нагальними проблемами суспільства, особливого значення набуває світоглядно-формуючий потенціал філософських знань, філософія формує науковий світогляд, ціннісні орієнтації та життєві позиції майбутнього професіонала, а отже, є основою гуманізації всієї системи сучасної вищої освіти.
Artificial Intelligence-Based Crime Prevention Policy in Indonesia
Authors: Furkan Ali , Susila M. Endriyo
Published: January 2025

Artificial intelligence (AI) technology has become a major subject in security and privacy issues in the digital era. This article aims to explore the impact of the use of AI technology on crime and law enforcement, with a focus on the Indonesian context. This research uses a descriptive analytical approach to evaluate trends and impacts of using AI in crime prevention. Data was collected through literature studies and analysis of policies and regulations related to AI and law enforcement in Indonesia. The analysis results show that the use of AI technology in law enforcement in Indonesia has increased significantly over the last few years. This is reflected in the number of incidents and controversies involving AI, as well as in the implementation of policies and regulations governing its use. While AI offers great potential in supporting crime investigation and detection, challenges related to privacy, fairness, and accountability also arise as it develops. The use of artificial intelligence technology in law enforcement in Indonesia raises a number of impacts and challenges that need to be considered. Despite its potential to increase the effectiveness of law enforcement, protecting privacy and human rights must be a primary focus in the development and implementation of AI technologies.
Conceptualization Of The Protection Of Human Rights For Victims Of The Crime Of Trafficking In Indonesia
Authors: Hilman Zihan Maulida Mulyani , Prasetyoningsih Nanik
Published: January 2025

The criminal act of human trafficking has caused suffering because it is a crime that violates human dignity, and so the crime is included in the category of serious crimes. The aim of this research is: This research aims to find out and examine the concept of the criminal act of trafficking in persons in Indonesia, to find out and examine the weaknesses in the arrangements for protecting the human rights of victims of the crime of trafficking in persons in Indonesia, and to find out and examine the conceptualization of the protection of the human rights of victims. Criminal act of human trafficking in Indonesia. This research is a type of normative-empirical legal research that examines the legal problem of human trafficking with a multidimensional approach. The research results show that protecting human rights for victims of human trafficking in Indonesia involves various parties and requires a holistic approach. Despite significant efforts, protection limitations remain, including service, compensation and return costs. Further efforts are needed to address these challenges and ensure maximum protection for victims while continuing to evaluate and monitor for continuous improvement.
Overcoming Deepfake Porn Crimes In Indonesia
Authors: Andira Sindi Ayu , Susila M. Endriyo
Published: January 2025

The research aims to look at dealing with deepfake porn crimes in Indonesia. The method used in normative legal research with the data sources used is primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials to support the research. Research results show that in Indonesia, there are no regulations that specifically and comprehensively regulate the misuse of AI in the form of deepfake porn. Based on the many types of crimes committed by deepfake porn perpetrators in the process of making deepfake porn videos, the legal provisions that can be applied to these crimes also vary. The rise of deepfake porn in Indonesia, which is spread on the internet, is causing harm to other people. Therefore, serious countermeasures are needed from various parties, including law enforcement officials who have made efforts to combat deepfake porn crimes on the internet. Countermeasures against deepfake porn crimes consist of implementing preventive efforts in the form of outreach to the public and taking firm action against perpetrators of crimes. deepfake porn invites the public to play an active role in reporting deepfake porn crimes, preventing the spread of deepfake porn videos on the internet, and implementing repressive efforts in the form of actions taken by law enforcement officials such as conducting inquiries, investigations, prosecutions and examinations in court.
Keloris Puri Kelorina Participatory Communication Model to Empower Ngawenomboh Village
Authors: Fadeli Mohammed , Setyarahajoe Ratna , Fitriawardhani Tira
Published: January 2025

This research focuses on participatory communication model in community empowerment in Ngawenomboh Village, Central Java. Keloris as the program implementer is involved in cultivation, production process and cooperation with Moringa production and distribution partners for healthy processed products. The research method uses a qualitative descriptive approach through interviews and observations. Through dialogue, polyphony, and carnival keloris managed to build relationships based on mutual respect and cooperation towards achieving common goals in empowerment. The intense and open participatory communication can result in strong collaboration, increasing the success of community empowerment efforts. Therefore it needs to be strengthened to achieve better changes.
Guarantee of Legal Protection as a Principle of Lecturers’ Professionalism: The Moderating Role of Religiosity on the Influence of Emotional Regulation and Psychological Well-Being on Lecturers’ Work Engagement
Authors: Nurani Nina , Rahmayanti Rima , Salsabil Imanirrahma
Published: January 2025

This study aims to understand the guarantee of legal protection as a principle of lecturers’ professionalism by developing and examining a model of the influence of emotional regulation and psychological well-being in influencing work engagement and lecturer performance, which is in line with the professionalism principle as a form of legal protection, in West Java Province. The moderating role of religiosity in Muslim and non-Muslim lecturers are also considered in influencing the level of interaction between variables. This study uses normative juridical and quantitative method. Normative juridical method is carried out by examining primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials, both documents and laws and regulations. For the quantitative study, 120 Muslim and non-Muslim lecturers are selected using purposive sampling. Data is distributed online and offline using Google Forms, then processed using Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) with SmartPLS software. The findings indicate that (1) the criteria for obtaining lecturer certificates are not yet comprehensive according to the role and position in the Teachers and Lecturers Law; and (2) the management of intellectual property rights (IPR) in universities is not yet optimal according to the legal protection of the results of creations and innovations in the IPR Law. Emotional regulation and psychological well-being influence work engagement, and work engagement has a positive influence on lecturer performance. The study also confirms the mediating role of work engagement and moderating role of religiosity within the relationship. This study provides insight of the guarantee of legal protection for the position, rights, and obligations along with recognition of lecturers in developing creativity and innovation in accordance with the principles of professionalism. This study also highlights the moderating role of religiosity by involving Muslim and non-Muslim participants in a cross-cultural context, thereby allowing a more comprehensive understanding of the influence of religiosity and cultural diversity on the variables studied.
Personal Data Protection According to the Implemented Law in Indonesia and Japan
Authors: Widjajanti Ermania , Hummerson Andi Widiatno , Multiwijaya Vience Ratna , Alfianto Dwi
Published: January 2025

The rapid development of technology creates various new things that can make human life easier, one of which is the cyber world which involves the internet. The presence of the cyber world brings many benefits to human life, with cyber, humans can do various things without being limited by distance and time. However, apart from bringing many positive things, the presence of the cyber world certainly creates new opportunities for crime, one of the threats in the cyber world is personal data. Indonesia and Japan, two countries that have significant economic and technological development in the Asian region, are not immune from the threat of personal data theft. Although both have different legal and cultural frameworks, both strive to protect the personal data of their citizens from increasingly complex cyber threats. In this way, a comparison will be made regarding the crime of personal data theft between Indonesia and Japan starting from the cultural history of respecting personal data in each country, the birth of regulations in each country, the criminal law system in each country, and also the regulations governing and has criminal sanctions in each country. The methodology used in this writing is a normative research. It is concluded that theft of personal data poses a significant challenge in the digital era, causing identity fraud, financial loss, and privacy violations. Indonesia and Japan, both Asian nations, have varying legal frameworks but both strive to protect citizens' data from cyber threats. Indonesia's regulations, passed in 2008, cover information and electronic transactions, intellectual property rights, and protection. Japan, on the other hand, has been addressing data protection since 2000, with regulations like APPI, My Number Act, and Act on Prohibition of Unauthorized Computer Access.
Aligning National Legal Development with Local Wisdom: A Study in the Special Region of Yogyakarta
Authors: Supono Supono , Prasetyoningsih Nanik , Adilah Indira Naquita
Published: January 2025

This research aims to detail and explain the alignment of national legal development with local wisdom, focusing on case studies in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. Through this review, this research seeks to provide a deeper understanding of how national law can be integrated with the rich local values in DIY. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach that involves several data collection techniques, including literature study, observation, and stakeholder interviews. The research results show the relevance and positive impact of aligning national legal development with local wisdom in the Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY). By analyzing the role of local wisdom in developing national law, this research highlights the integration of traditional values with legal principles that apply nationally. The contribution of local wisdom, such as the spirit of justice, deliberation for consensus, and respect for human rights, has been proven to encourage the creation of an inclusive and effective legal system. In implementing legal development, the principle of legal pluralism is the primary basis, enabling the implementation of various dispute resolution mechanisms and natural resource management that respect cultural diversity and local values. This research also highlights concrete efforts in integrating local wisdom in national legal development, such as developing customary law that is in harmony with national law, integrating local wisdom in legal education, and empowering communities in applying traditional values in dispute resolution.
Factors Influencing the Implementation of Detention Care Policy in the Environment of Banten Regional Police Department
Authors: Prayoga Bayu Febrianto , Zulkarnain Annas , Arya Anjaya I Gusti Ngurah Agung , Kurniawan Nur Arief
Published: January 2025

This study emphasizes the importance of the factors that influence the implementation of prisoner care policies that involve important and strategic components in supporting efforts to effectively implement prisoner care policies. The study uses a quantitative research approach to collect accurate and unbiased data. It involves a sequential explanatory strategy for data analysis and requires a minimum sample size of 60. The research includes 175 Polri members, 57 detainee families, and 114 detainees. Data collection is done through direct visits, and analysis techniques include descriptive statistics, Kruskall Wallis Difference Test, Spearman Correlation, and inferential statistics. Measurement validity is tested using AVE and factor loading, while reliability is assessed through Cronbach's Alpha. The structural model evaluation is based on R2 and path coefficient values. The results of this study indicate that all of the research hypotheses were accepted. Suggestions that can be given to related parties are improving communication, resources, disposition and bureaucratic structure and implementing transformational leadership styles so that the implementation of optimal prisoner care policies.
Integrated Tourism Policy Based On Local Wisdom For Economic Recovery Post-Covid-19 Pandemic With The Concept Of Penta Helix Strategy
Authors: Julianti Lis , Suharyanti Ni Putu Noni , Darma Pratiwi Agustina Ni Made Ayu
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to identify and formulate the model of integrated tourism policy based on local wisdom for economic recovery from post covid-19 pandemic. The method of this research was empirical legal research by using primary data sources in form of an interview which was analyzed qualitatively and displayed descriptively. The finding of this research showed that the design of the integrated policy in tourism was conducted by designing a policy formulation in which the policy formulation design was taken from strategic issues related to tourism including internal and external conditions in implementing tourism policy, and the analysis of the previous policies was conducted including analysis of policy and analysis for policy.
The Leadership Model of Customary Village Based On Gender Equality
Authors: Sugiantari Anak Agung Putu Wiwik , Anom I Gusti Ngurah , Apriliani Kadek , Unzila Sandy Annisa , Widiani Gusti Ayu Eka
Published: January 2025

The leadership of Balinese customary village is highly patriarchal so the position of the women in the leadership system is merely a subordinate of the man. It is an issue since the leadership development of the modern era does not discriminate against gender. This discrimination leads this study to formulate a new concept concerning leadership in customary villages based on gender equality. This study used the social-legal method. An interdisciplinary study is a hybrid of a grand study concerning the jurisprudence and science of law from a societal perspective. This study formulated a customary village leadership based ongender equality. This formulation was formed by implementing functions of the customary village comprehensively in form of the Woman Association (Pakis) as a new organization which empowers Balinese women. Pakis should make programs to empower and develop leadership for Balinese women, especially in the customary village leadership. Besides that, the nyentana marriage system that transforms the role of purusa (man) to be predana (woman) must be implemented comprehensively in Banjar so the woman who conducts this marriage system takes the position as a man and her name is listed in Banjar. The final formulation is by duplicating the leadership pattern in sekeha teruna teruni which has concerned with gender equality.
The Relevance Of Election Organizing Institutions In Resolving Presidential Election Disputes
Authors: Rohadi Ahmad Nur , Prasetyoningsih Nanik
Published: January 2025

The General Election Commission (KPU) is an election organizing institution that is national, permanent, and independent in organizing elections. Holding direct presidential elections is a democratic instrument to create a more democratic government and a step toward realizing people's sovereignty. In this research activity, the type of research used is normative juridical research (legal research), which prioritizes library research. However, along the way, various accompanying problems arose. Ultimately, these things must be considered challenges and part of the maturation process to create a more mature state government. As explained above, the various disputes in the final stages of voting for the elected candidate pairs in the Presidential Election show that we still have a lot of democratic agenda that needs to be resolved regarding regulations, institutions, and law enforcement. Thus, the disputes that occur should become part of the election maturation process as the period changes.
Acceleration of Legal Reformulation Regarding Non-Conviction Based Asset Forfeiture in Indonesia
Authors: Wiwoho Shri Hardjuno
Published: January 2025

Pemberantasan tindak pidana korupsi menjadi agenda penting di Indonesia, dan salah satu aspek krusialnya adalah perampasan aset hasil tindak pidana tersebut. Namun, Indonesia saat ini belum memiliki regulasi yang secara khusus mengatur perampasan aset tanpa tuntutan pidana (non-conviction based asset forfeiture), sehingga reformasi hukum dalam hal ini sangat penting untuk dilakukan dengan mempertimbangkan aspek kepastian hukum dan perlindungan hak-hak warga negara. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji praktik perampasan aset tanpa tuntutan pidana (Non-Conviction Based Asset Forfeiture) di negara-negara lain yang telah menerapkannya secara efektif, serta merumuskan desain model perampasan aset tanpa tuntutan pidana yang ideal untuk diterapkan di Indonesia dengan mempertimbangkan aspek kepastian hukum. Penelitian ini akan menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual dan pendekatan perundang-undangan. Sumber bahan hukum yang akan digunakan meliputi bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier, dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui studi kepustakaan (library research) dan analisis data kualitatif secara sistematis dan mendalam. Hasil penelitian memaparkan bahwa praktik perampasan aset tanpa tuntutan pidana (Non-Conviction Based Asset Forfeiture) telah diterapkan secara efektif di beberapa negara seperti Amerika Serikat, Italia, dan Inggris dengan pengaturan yang berbeda-beda. Meskipun efektif, negara-negara tersebut juga menetapkan mekanisme pengawasan dan perlindungan hukum untuk memastikan penerapannya dilakukan secara adil dan sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip hukum yang berlaku. Desain model perampasan aset tanpa tuntutan pidana yang ideal untuk diterapkan di Indonesia harus didasarkan pada prinsip-prinsip hukum seperti asas legalitas, due process of law, praduga tidak bersalah, dan proporsionalitas dengan menetapkan dasar hukum yang kuat, mekanisme peradilan yang adil dan transparan, standar pembuktian yang ketat, upaya hukum bagi pemilik aset, pembentukan lembaga khusus yang independen dan diawasi, perlindungan terhadap pihak ketiga beritikad baik, kerjasama internasional, transparansi pengelolaan aset, serta pengawasan dan evaluasi yang ketat.
ANALYSIS OF SUPPORTING AND INHIBITING FACTORS IN THE SUPERVISION OF IMPORTATION OF DANGEROUS GOODS
Authors: Efendi Yusuf , Wanto Alfi Haris , Domai Tjahjanulin
Published: January 2025

The Directorate General of Customs and Excise has duties mandated by law, one of which is as a community protector. Community protection is the function of customs to protect the public against the entry of dangerous goods that are prohibited or restricted from importing by statutory provisions. In carrying out supervisory activities in carrying out the function of a community protector, it is necessary to analyze the supporting factors and inhibiting factors to achieve maximum tasks. The purpose of writing this paper is to find out the supporting factors and inhibiting factors in supporting the supervision activities carried out by customs in carrying out the community protector function in protecting the Indonesian people from the entry of dangerous goods. The author uses qualitative research methods with data collection techniques using interviews, observation and documentation. From the research conducted, it can be concluded that the supporting factors of supervision activities are the number of human resources, and the adequacy of supervision tools, all activities have used a computer service system. The inhibiting factors are not all people understand the provisions of customs, notification of imports of goods by self-assessment, intelligence analysis is still manual, limited human resources in intelligence analysts and potential safety threats to customs and excise officers.
The village-owned enterprise in the Context of the Villagers’ Welfare
Authors: Kamil Muhammad Ikhsan , Isnani Atin Meriati
Published: January 2025

Village-owned enterprises is an important entity in the Indonesian democratic economic system that aims to improve the well-being of the villagers. The economic democratic system in the village refers to the principle that the village economy is managed and planned by the villagers in accordance with their potential, on the basis of family and royong gotong. The research emphasizes that Village-owned enterprises was established to accommodate all economic and public service activities managed by the village or inter-village cooperation, in accordance with Government Regulation No. 11 Year 2021. The main objective of Village-owned enterprises is to increase the prosperity of the people of the village through economic independence and the application of the principles of economic democracy. As a legal body, Village-owned enterprises, is expected to comply with applicable regulations and laws with high transparency and accountability, as well as ensuring the sustainability of programs that benefit the village community. Public participation in decision-making is also the key to achieving shared happiness and well-being. Philosophically, Village-owned enterprises should be able to fill the void in village development and not replace existing economic activity. With professional management and integration into local and national economic systems, Village-owned enterprises is expected to improve the well-being of the villagers sustainably
Legal Analysis of the Implementation Process of Simultaneous Village Head Elections In East Lombok Based on The Stipulations of Law Number 6 of 2014
Authors: Ihsan Khaerul , Jiwantara Firzhal Arzhi , Hasanah Siti
Published: January 2025

Based on the terms of Act No. 6 of 2014 on the village, this study focuses at the implementation stage of the election of a village chief in the eastern Lombok district. The purpose of this study is to examine the legal processes that must be followed in order to choose a village chief and how these rules are actually implemented in the field. This research combines literary studies, legislative-legislative techniques, and normative jurisprudential procedures. The study's findings demonstrated that the East Lombok district's simultaneous head of village election has been conducted in accordance with the procedures outlined in Act No. 6 of 2014, which include the stages of preparation, candidate registration, campaigning, voting, tabulating votes, and determining the election's outcome. Nonetheless, there are several implementation roadblocks that must be overcome, like the public's poor socialisation of legislation and technical issues with the voting procedure. In order to make future improvements to the village chief election system, this article recommends increased socialisation, training for the election committee, and continuous evaluation.
Imposition Of Criminal Sanctions for Minor Criminal Actions of Theft (A Case On Judgement Number 826/Pid.B/2023/Pn.Mtr)
Authors: Mandasari Santi , Harun Rina Rohayu , Jiwantara Firzhal Arzhi , Septyanun Nurjannah
Published: January 2025

The imposition of criminal sanctions for minor criminal actions, such as theft, presents a complex and multifaceted challenge for legal systems worldwide. This study examines the imposition of criminal sanctions for minor theft offenses, with a specific focus on the case adjudicated under Judgment Number 826/Pid.B/2023/Pn.Mtr. The research aims to analyze the legal reasoning behind the court's decision, the proportionality of the sanctions imposed, and the broader implications for the criminal justice system. Utilizing a qualitative approach, this study involves a detailed case analysis, reviewing court documents, and interviews with legal experts. Findings indicate that while the court adhered to statutory guidelines, there were significant considerations regarding the socio-economic background of the offender and the value of the stolen property. The study concludes that although the sanctions imposed were within legal parameters, there is a need for a more nuanced approach that considers restorative justice principles. This research contributes to the ongoing discourse on criminal justice reform, particularly concerning minor offenses, and advocates for policy adjustments that balance deterrence with rehabilitation.
The Implementation of Regional Regulation Number 5 of 2021 Concerning Prevention of Child Marriage to Improve the Human Development Index in West Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Karyati Sri , Ulum Hafizatul , Susilawati Ika Yuliana
Published: January 2025

Child marriage is a problem that has a negative impact on social and economic development, especially in the West Southeast Nusa Province. The high child marriage rate in West Nusa Southeast contributes to the low Human Development Index (HDI) in the region. To address this problem, the local government issued Regional Regulation (Perda) No. 5 of 2021 on Prevention of Child Marriages. The study aims to evaluate the implementation of the Perda and assess its impact on the increase in the Human Development Index in West Southeast Nusa. The method used in this research is a normative supported by empirical research. Based on the implementation of District Regulation No. 5 of 2021 on the prevention of child marriage in West Nusa Tenggara, so far it has not been implemented optimally both politically and institutionally. As a result, the objective of District Regulation No. 5 for 2021 has not been achieved optimally. Therefore, the political will of the West Southeast Nusa region's government needs to be committed to both legal policy, education policy, health policy and budgetary policy in favour of child marriage prevention.
The Role Of A Dignified Judge Within The Scope Of Judicial Power In Indonesia
Authors: Ibnususilo Efendi , Suparto Suparto , Akbar Aryo , Taufiqurrahman Faishal
Published: January 2025

The supervisory function of the Judicial Commission at that time was met with a lot of resistance from judges, which eventually led to the submission of a judicial review of Law No. 22/2004 on the Judicial Commission to the Constitutional Court, which the Constitutional Court granted. With the granting of the judicial review petition, the Judicial Commission's supervisory function over judges ceased to exist. This raises the question of whether the judges will be able to carry out their duties fairly without external supervision. Purpose Study: Can these judges still carry out their duties fairly without external supervision? If so, then what is the role of these dignified judges within the scope of judicial power in Indonesia? This article uses normative legal research that analyzes relevant secondary data related to the role of dignified judges within the scope of judicial power. This research concludes that a dignified judge is a judge who works professionally based on ethical integrity, moral integrity and intellectual integrity. In order for this to be done, it is necessary to have supervision, both internally and externally. This research shows that there are still many judicial mafias in Indonesia, one of which comes from the judges themselves. this shows that there are still judges who do not work professionally by ignoring ethical and moral values so that many decisions are made that harm justice in society
The Interpretation of Article 127 of Law Number 35 of 2009 on Narcotics in Addressing Drug Abuse through Restorative Justice
Authors: Wardika Made , Harun Rina Rohayu , Jiwantara Firzhal Arzhi
Published: January 2025

Narcotics crime refers to a range of illegal activities involving the distribution, purchase, sale, possession, and abuse of drugs without proper authorisation. These activities cause harm to both the broader community and the individuals involved. Restorative Justice has emerged as a response. Its primary focus is to resolve cases involving drug abusers who are addicted to narcotics. In addition to Restorative Justice, there is an alternative for rehabilitating narcotics abusers through the involvement of police investigators, the prosecutor's office, or decisions made by judges. The purpose of this study is to analyse the relationship between the interpretation and execution of Article 127 of Law No. 35 on Narcotics and Restorative Justice, based on literal interpretation. Based on the analyses, the enforcement of Article 127 of Law No. 35 of 2009 on Narcotics, which focuses on Restorative Justice, has been supported by multiple regulations. However, the law's implementation has not aligned with expected standards and legislation, leading to ambiguity in Article 112 and Article 127. This ambiguity creates opportunities for unscrupulous law enforcement to make illicit gains, increasing the incidence of drug-related offenses. The author proposes an immediate revision of Law No. 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics due to the ambiguity in the law's article parts and the current legal framework's inability to effectively curb opioid misuse.
Reconstruction of Law Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) in Indonesia
Authors: Jati Ridho Bawana , Yuspin Wardah , Budiono Arief
Published: January 2025

The current era of digitalization has made everything digital, including currency. Other countries' currencies have implemented a Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) or an official digital currency issued by a central bank, such as El Salvador, Bahamas, China and Nigeria. The background to this research is that until now, there has been no precise legal regulation for using this digital currency in implementing CBDC use in Indonesia, even though the digital currency has been implemented in several countries, as mentioned above. This research uses qualitative research methods by implementing the use of CBDC in Indonesia and examining relevant legislation using it. The next stage uses comparative techniques with several countries, namely Bahamas, China, and Nigeria. The results of this research found that CBDC in Indonesia still needs to have legal regulations or laws that clearly regulate the implementation of CBDC. Rules regarding this use Law Number 7 of 2011 concerning Currency. However, the issuance of Law Number 4 of 2023 concerning the Development and Strengthening of the Financial Sector (UU P2SK) opens up opportunities for the issuance of CBDC. Apart from that, Bank Indonesia also launched a project called White Paper "Garuda Project". According to the project, CBDC will be issued in 2025, which increases the chances of CBDC being issued in Indonesia.
Prophetic Paradigm as an Alternative Critique Toward Hart’s Concept of Morality and Law
Authors: Hamdani Fitrah , Dimyati Khudzaifah , Absori Absori , Wardiono Kelik , Dianto Dianto
Published: January 2025

"Prophetic Paradigm" generally refers to a framework or approach that emphasizes the role of prophecy or prophetic figures in shaping religious, spiritual, or social understanding. This paradigm is often discussed in religious contexts, particularly within Christianity, Islam, and Judaism, where prophets are seen as key messengers of divine will, providing guidance, correction, and insight to communities. This article critiques the ethical principles of the epistemological basis of the relationship between law and morality in Herbert Leonel Adolphus Hart's (H.L.A. Hart) rational paradigm, which is founded on the prophetic paradigm via the lens of the Medina Charter. It employs a philosophical approach to investigate the fundamental assumptions of the epistemological foundation of legal science by connecting legal science to prophetic science. This study's data are collected from literature. This analysis shows that Hart's proposed separation of law and morality is inappropriate. Some rules are both legal and moral. Thus, the criticism of morality in the Medina Charter demonstrates that the distinction between law and morality established by Hart cannot be generally implemented and must be evaluated by taking into account social context and moral ideals considered significant by the society.
Harmonization of Theft Prevention Regulations Digital Personal Data in Banking Institutions: Perspective Cybercrime Sniffing
Authors: Noviasari Ryska , Yuspin Wardah , Budiono Arief
Published: January 2025

This research aims to find out how to harmonize relevant applicable laws and regulations in Cybercrime Sniffing and to analyze the protection provided by law to deal with sniffing cases. This research uses normative research methods. The results of this research are: first, crime regulation sniffing in hacking M Banking via the WhatsApp application, which has been regulated in Article 51 paragraph (2) of the ITE Law and its amendments and Article 67 paragraph (1) of the PDP Law has differences in the aspect of criminal sanctions and/or fines, where the sanctions in the ITE Law and its amendments are more the severity of the sanctions contained in the PDP Law. Refers to the principle of preference, namely the principle of a particular law derogating from the general law and based on teleological/sociological interpretation by looking at the purpose of establishing the law, it can be concluded that in cases of criminal acts in the form of sniffing In the hacking of M Banking via the WhatsApp application, because it relates to personal data breaches, what applies is the provisions of Article 67 paragraph (1) of the PDP Law, because the PDP Law is a regulation that more specifically regulates personal data breaches, so the ITE Law and its amendments are as follows: more general settings should be ruled out. The protection provided by the Act to deal with cases of sniffing M-Banking hacking via the WhatsApp application is regulated by criminal sanctions in Article 67 paragraph (1) of the PDP Law, which can be interpreted to mean that the PDP Law provides criminal sanctions and/or fines to all parties, including banks if there is loss resulting from these actions. Sniffing has implications for harming the victim.
E-Commerce Transformation in Indonesia: Intellectual Property Rights Protection in the Local Digital Market
Authors: Ary Widiani Ni Luh Gede Nita , Laksmi Dewi Cokorde Istri Dian , Laksmi Dewi Cokorde Istri Dian , Laksmi Dewi Cokorde Istri Dian
Published: January 2025

The transformation  of e-commerce in Indonesia has become a significant phenomenon in today's digital era. This article explores the impact of the transformation on the protection of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) in the local digital market. Through an analysis of IPR-related policies and practices, this article attempts to understand how these efforts affect copyright, trademark, and patent protection amid the rapid development of e-commerce. In addition, this article also highlights the challenges and opportunities faced in harmonizing IPR principles with the dynamics of Indonesia's ever-evolving digital market. This article aims to provide a better understanding of how changes in the digital business environment are affecting protection efforts against copyrights, trademarks, and patents. The results of this article reveal shifting business patterns and new challenges in the protection of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) in Indonesia's digital market, while also highlighting the importance of developing inclusive and balanced regulations to optimize IPR protection and support inclusive economic growth and promote social justice