bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of nine serological rapid tests for the detection of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Mercado Marcela , Malagón-Rojas Jeadran , Delgado Gabriela , Rubio Vivian Vanesa , Muñoz Galindo Lida , Parra Barrera Eliana L. , Gaviria Paula , Zabaleta Gabriela , Alarcon Zonia , Arévalo Adriana , Cifuentes Helly Casallas , Estrada Kelly , Puerto Gloria , Herrera Sepúlveda María T. , Rodríguez Helena , Galindo Marisol , Ospina Ramírez Martha Lucía
Published: December 2020

Objective.To evaluate the operative capacity of nine serological rapid tests to detect the IgM/IgG antibodies response in serum from patients with SARS-CoV-2 in different clinical stages.

Methods.A cross-sectional study of serological rapid tests was designed to compare the performance of the evaluated immunochromatographic tests for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2. A total of 293 samples was used, including negatives, asymptomatic, and symptomatic serum samples.

Results.The sensitivity of the evaluated tests was low and moderate in the groups of asymptomatic serum samples and the group of serums coming from patients with less than 11 days since the onset of the symptoms. The specificity for the anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies tests ranged between 86.5%-99% for IgM and 86.5%-99.5% for IgG. The sensitivity and the likelihood ratio were different according to the study groups. The usefulness of these tests is restricted to symptomatic patients and their sensitivity is greater than 85% after 11 days from the appearance of symptoms.

Conclusions.Serological tests are not an adequate strategy for the identification of asymptomatic and pre-symptomatic patients. Serological rapid tests for the detection of specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies can be used as a diagnostic aid, but diagnosis must be confirmed by RT-PCR. Rapid tests should be reserved for patients with symptoms lasting more than 11 days.
Revisión sistemática de evaluaciones económicas en salud para el tratamiento de la obesidad en adultos, 2009-2019
Authors: Sánchez Gómez Julie May , Betancur Mejía María Isabel , Cardona-Arias Jaiberth Antonio
Published: December 2020

Objetivo. Analizar las evaluaciones económicas en salud para el tratamiento de la obesidad en adultos publicadas en la literatura mundial entre 2009-2019.

Métodos. Revisión sistemática aplicando las guías Cochrane, PRISMA y CHEERS para estudios de economía de la salud. Se garantizó la exhaustividad, reproducibilidad y calidad metodológica del protocolo de selección y extracción de la información. Se realizó síntesis cualitativa mediante frecuencia por tipo de evaluación económica.

Resultados. Se tamizaron 4 493 artículos y sólo 95 cumplieron con los criterios del protocolo, la mayoría de Estados Unidos (n=38), principalmente con estudios de costo-utilidad (n=39) y descripción de costos (n=18). Se incluyeron personas con múltiples comorbilidades, la más frecuente de las cuales fue la diabetes. Las intervenciones más evaluadas fueron las quirúrgicas (n=53), y los desenlaces más frecuentes fueron la reducción de peso y los años de vida ajustados por calidad. La perspectiva de evaluación más frecuente fue la del tercer pagador (n=46) y el horizonte temporal más empleado fue el corto plazo para las intervenciones dirigidas a los estilos de vida y de largo plazo para las quirúrgicas.

Conclusión. Los estudios microeconómicos para el tratamiento de la obesidad se han incrementado en los últimos años; sin embargo, persisten vacíos como la baja aplicación de intervenciones no quirúrgicas, evaluaciones parciales o de costo-efectividad y análisis desde la perspectiva social. Estos constituyen ejes importantes para las prácticas en salud basadas en evidencia y la toma de decisiones relacionando los beneficios en salud con los costos implicados.
Epidemiology of human leptospirosis in Saint Lucia, 2010–2017
Authors: Chery Gemma , Francis Lorraine , Hunte Shelly-Ann , Leon Phil
Published: December 2020

Objective. To describe the epidemiology of human leptospirosis cases in Saint Lucia from 2010 to 2017 and determine whether there was a relationship between cases and rainfall and temperature.

Methods. A retrospective analytical study was undertaken to describe the seasonal patterns of human leptospirosis cases reported to the Ministry of Health of Saint Lucia between 2010 and 2017. Confirmed cases of leptospirosis were analyzed according to age, sex, seasonality, and geographical distribution. Disease incidence was calculated and the association of cases with geographical distribution, rainfall, and temperature was investigated.

Results. A total of 353 leptospirosis cases were reported between 2010 and 2017 and of these, 145 (40.6%) were laboratory confirmed. Cases were aged 7 to 73 years (mean 34 years; median 30 years) with a male to female ratio of 4.2:1. Six deaths were reported during the period, with an overall case fatality rate of 4.1%. There was no relationship between location (district) and incidence of leptospirosis in Saint Lucia. There was a weak correlation between rainfall and leptospirosis cases during the 8-year period (rs = 0.25, p = 0.015) but the correlation between cases and seasons was not statistically significant (dry season rs = 0.13, p = 0.42; wet season rs = 0.23, p = 0.08). There was no correlation between leptospirosis cases and temperature (rs = 0.07, p = 0.49).

Conclusions. Leptospirosis has a seasonal distribution in Saint Lucia, with outbreaks during periods following increased rainfall and flooding, such as in the aftermath of tropical storms and hurricanes. Saint Lucia and other Caribbean countries should enhance surveillance for leptospirosis given the likelihood of increased flooding following frequent and intense rainfall due to climate change.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF INTERACTIVE MULTIMEDIA IN IMPROVING MATHEMATICS LEARNING OUTCOMES
Authors: Nurmawati Nurmawati , Masduki Lusi Rachmiazasi , Prayitno Edy , Dartani Maria Yustina Rensi
Published: December 2020

Mathematics is a difficult subject and even becomes a phobia, more due to teaching conventionally  in where the teaching and learning process emphasizes more on teacher, working on problems, memorization and speed of arithmetic, so students lack understanding of what they are learning, which in this case does not have an understanding of the concepts taught. Students tends to be lazy and have low motivation to study mathematics both classically and to study independently at home. The growth of information and communication technology in society is reflected in policies to encourage the use of ICT in education and the development of educational multimedia. Multimedia includes using text, images, animation, video and audio to prepare courses for students in various levels of education. Attendance of multimedia technology can help students learn to be more interesting and help students understanding in learning. The purpose of the study was to know whether there was any significant difference in the result between the students of class IV Manyaran 01 Elementary School towards increasing their understanding in math who taught by using the interactive multimedia and who taught by conventionally. The result of the study showed that the interactive multimedia gave an effect to the improvement of the students’ understanding in mathematics.
Una metodología militante: “Parar para pensar”
Authors: Fernández Camacho Marcela
Published: December 2020

En el texto se aborda la ruta metodológica de un trabajo de investigación resultado de cursar el programa de Doctorado en Estudios e Intervención Feministas en la Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas. Se desarrolla el análisis de una metodología militante basada en una epistemología feminista indisciplinada y enmarcada en la familia de metodologías de investigación participativa, con compromiso social y resultado de las complicidades derivadas de la militancia que desencadenaron una colaboración. Aborda también tres ejes específicos que rigieron la investigación: conocer es transformar, horizontalidad e implicación afectiva. Por último, se exploran las técnicas de investigación empleadas, haciendo énfasis en la autoetnografía.
Escudriñando la razón: naturaleza y propósitos de la ciencia
Authors: Corral Guillé Gustavo
Published: December 2020

En este artículo se reflexiona sobre la urgencia de adoptar una concepción más compleja de la naturaleza del conocimiento científico y su proceso de construcción que transite de los supuestos de objetividad, neutralidad y universalidad hacia una interpretación que la asuma como un fenómeno socialmente configurado, parcial, incierto y complejo. Complejizar y cuestionar la ciencia ampliará las posibilidades de otorgar a la ciudadanía mayor participación en la producción y comunicación de la ciencia y de establecer un diálogo de saberes que rescate la validez de otras epistemologías alternas al conocimiento científico. A partir de una ciencia dispuesta a escuchar mejor desde la humildad y el respeto se podrá aprender a convivir con la incertidumbre y a diseñar estrategias que permitan afrontar sus riesgos y modificar su curso.
Smart Technologies Driven approaches to tackle COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Maurya Muni Raj , Sadasivuni Kishor Kumar , Al-Maadeed Sumaya Ali S A
Published: December 2020

The emergence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) had led to a global outbreak of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) and raised an international public health issue. To mitigate the infection and bring the sustainability in current pandemic situation, the healthcare system and governments are doing exceptional work. Globally, the implementation of technologies in healthcare systems and diverse government policies has proven to be effective in tackling COVID-19. The rapid technological swift during the pandemic and its role in assisting the fight against corona virus is phenomenal. Various technologies like robotics, drone, artificial intelligence (AI), data communication, mask, and smart sensors, etc. has synergistically helped in mitigating the effect of COVID-19. The poster represents the outlook of these technologies in terms of strategies and framework in which they have been applied for assisting various sectors like the health system, industries, government, and public, etc.
COVID-19 Lung Infection Segmentation
Authors: Elharrouss Omar , Subramanian Nandhini , Almaadeed Noor , Al-Maadeed Somaya
Published: December 2020

The novelty of the COVID-19 Disease and the speed of spread, that created a colossal chaos, and impulse in the worldwide researchers to exploit all resources and capabilities to understand and analyze characteristics of the Coronavirus in terms of spread and virus incubation time. For that, the existing medical features like CT and X-ray images are used. For example, CT-scan images can be used for the detection of lung infection. But the challenges of these features such as the quality of the image and infection characteristics limit the effectiveness of these features. Using artificial intelligence (AI) tools and computer vision algorithms, the accuracy of detection can be more accurate and can help to overcome these issues. This poster proposes a multi-task deeplearning-based method for lung infection segmentation using CT-scan image.
Solar based 3D Printed Protective Mask Imprinted with Extracted Oil and UV Light to Kill Coronavirus
Authors: Paramparambath Sreedevi , Houkan Mohammed , Haggagy Shady Galal Hussein , Sadasivuni Kishor Kumar
Published: December 2020

This paper throws light on the fabrication of 3D printed reusable user-friendly protective mask that protects from COVID-19 virus by trapping the virus and killing it using UV light. We found new technology to trap and kill COVID-19 virus using natural oil trapping and UV light, respectively. Benefits of using this mask is that along with disinfecting the inhaled air, it can remove the suffocation problem of patients/persons. The technology will reduce the amount of wastes caused by mask disposal. We have used the renewable (solar) sources to run this 3D printed mask.
Validation of Selected Commercial Serological Assays for Diagnosis of COVID-19
Authors: Younes Salma , Al-Jighefee Hadeel , Shurrab Farah , Al-Sadeq Duaa , Yassine Hadi , Althani Asmaa , Marei Reham , Alhussain Hashim , Nasrallah Gheyath
Published: December 2020

As researchers around the globe rush to put the available antibody tests to use, concerns have been raised about their precision. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the performance of selected commercial & automated serological assays that are widely used in different clinical settings in Qatar. We validated the performance of five commercial IgG and IgM ELISA kits, three fully automated immunoassays, and two commercial rapid tests. The sensitivity of all assays was compared to RT-PCR and a surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT). In addition, cross-reactivity was investigated. Among the evaluated kits, Lionex IgG assay demonstrated the best performance (~88% sensitivity and ~99 specificity). All automated assays showed an excellent correlation with the neutralization test with an overall agreement of 93.6-98.5%. The rapid assays demonstrated a very good performance in detecting IgG antibodies (86.0-88.0% sensitivity and 98.0-100% specificity).
Pharmacy Student Leaders’ Perspectives on the Impact of COVID-19 on their Learning: SWOC Analysis
Authors: Al-Naimi Hend , Elkattan Bassant , Mohammed Hiba , Shafei Laila , Elshazly Marwa , El-Awaisi Alla
Published: December 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused disruptions in many aspects of life across the globe including education provision. This pandemic led to major and rapid restructuring of curricula and assessments as student suddenly moved to unfamiliar learning environment. Active involvement of students in the education process and curricula reform is encouraged. This paper aimed to explore pharmacy student leaders’ perspectives related to their learning during COVID-19 pandemic in terms of strengths, weakness, opportunities, challenges and recommendations to move forward. A meeting with pharmacy student leaders was convened. Each student leader individually reflected on their experiences using a structured SWOC (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Challenges) framework which was then used to guide discussion. Each student then rated anonymously the importance and the probability of the themes to come up with overall score. Online learning came with both negative and positive aspects from the students’ point of view. Despite the efforts that were made by the college and students to adapt to the new educational system, there were drawbacks that affected the quality of the education. Pharmacy programs need to implement strategies within their programs about disaster preparedness and build student resilience and wellbeing.
Pengembangan Mobile Learning Untuk Penguasaan Mufrodat Siswa MTs
Authors: Koderi Koderi , Aridan Muhammad , Muslim Ahmad Bukhari
Published: December 2020

This study aims to develop Arabic language teaching media based on mobile learning and to determine the feasibility and influence of the developed media on student learning outcomes. Hannafin and Peck's development model is the model used in this study. Needs analysis, design, development and implementation are the stages in this research. This study involved material experts and media experts as validators. This study produces Arabic language teaching media products with mufrodat material based on mobile learning for Madrasah Tsanawiyah (MTs) with an offline operational system using a smartphone (Android). The feasibility of this product is classified in the very feasible category with a percentage score of 93% by material experts, 96.25% by media experts, 93% one on one trial, 86% small group trials, 92% by large group trials (field trials). Based on the results of calculations with the T-test, the value obtained t0 = 62.5> t table = 2.093 with a difference in learning outcomes reaching 38.75. Thus the media for teaching Arabic lessons on the basis of mobile learning, the developed mufrodat material is very effective and also very suitable for use in learning Arabic.
Fa’aliyah Ta’lim Maharah al-Kalam Li Thalabah Qism Ta’lim al-Lughah al-‘Arabiyah bi Jami’ah al-Islamiyah al-Hukumiyah Kerinci ‘Ala Asas al-Thariqah al-As’ilah wa al-Ajwibah
Authors: Fikri Ahmad
Published: December 2020

This research aims to know about the effectiveness of teaching the skill of speech for students of the Department of Teaching Arabic Language at the Islamic State University Kerinci on the basis of the method of questions and answers. Traditional understanding in the process of teaching speaking skills has had a negative impact on students majoring. Problematika felt is the student's disinterest in studying it so many of them do not follow the learning. The study used experimental and quantitative shorts in analyzing data on the effectiveness of speaking skills learning for Arabic Language Education Students at Kerinci Islamic State University based on question and answer methods. The tools in data collection are: tribal testing and dimension testing. Researchers set tribal tests and dimensions during the search. To analyze the level of differences generated between tribal test results and dimension tests, researchers tested t-tests. The results of the study: after performing the calculation of the last results, there was a clear difference between the tribal test results and the dimensions of the experimental group. This means that the application or use of question and answer methods for Arabic Language Education Students at Islamic State University in Kerinci is effective. as evidenced in the following points: 1) It is clear from the tribal test results in the experimental group that they received a level of 42.5, which means that the student's ability in skills 2) It is clear from the dimensional test results in the trial group that the students received an average of 74.58, which means that the student's ability in speaking skills is good.
Bahts Naqd 'An al-Jumlah 'Ind al-Nuhat wa Atsaruh Fi al-Ta'lim
Authors: Aisyah Devy
Published: December 2020

This study aims to critic the concepts of classical and modern Arabic linguists about sentences which they term differently including: number, kalam, tarkib (sentence, phrase). Their differences are inseparable from polemics, especially in providing boundaries and terms used, both in the classical and modern eras. For example the polemic on the use of terminology and the number and meaning of both, whether synonymous or not, which then affects the elements that build it. This study uses a literature study (library research) with content analysis and hermeneutic approaches. This research found that basically the differences in Arabic experts both in the classical and modern eras were not substantive, but rather as editorial debates, technical terminology, and partial.The old grammarian tended to be complicated in providing a definition of sentence compared to contemporary Islamic scholar,  it was easier to explain about this sentence.
The Politics of Islamism and Salafism Revisited: A Review Essay
Authors: Murphey Helen L.
Published: December 2020

This review essay critically assesses Esen Kirdiş’ The Rise of Islamic Political Movements and Parties, Frederic Wehrey and Anouar Boukhars’ Salafism in the Maghreb, and Mohamed-Ali Adraoui’s Salafism Goes Global: From the Gulf to the French Banlieues in light of the post-Islamism hypothesis. In Asef Bayat’s formulation, post-Islamism refers to a shift in discourse among Islamist movements de-emphasising a complete societal Islamisation and centring issues of civil liberties and democracy. These three works complicate this picture through introducing greater varieties of movements within local religio-political fields. Adopting a comparative approach, Kirdiş explores how Islamic movements respond to opportunities and threats to employ strategies of party formation or non-participation in formal politics. Wehrey and Boukhars demonstrate Salafism’s local embeddedness within the Maghreb, which conditions how Salafi actors react to local circumstances to justify different modes of action which transcend strict categorisations of moderation and radicalisation. Finally, Adraoui’s sociological approach to Salafism in France confronts whether French quietist Salafis represent a manifestation of post-Islamism through exhibiting a disillusionment with Islamist politics and the consequent formation of a Salafi counter-hegemonic sphere. Altogether, these studies amount to a more nuanced understanding of the political and apolitical beyond participation in formal politics.
Review of Mbaye Lo, Political Islam, Justice and Governance
Authors: Meiloud Ahmed
Published: December 2020

Mbaye Lo’s Political Islam, Justice and Governance is unique in its attempt to supply an explanation based on the comportment of the Islamists in power...
Review of Lorenzo Kamel, The Middle East: From Empire to Sealed Identities
Authors: Ammar Marco
Published: December 2020

While the scholarly literature is replete with works claiming a comprehensive analysis of modern Middle East history, few authors have actually built their investigation on identity-related perspectives. Indeed, the book, The Middle East: From Empire to Sealed Identities, proved faithful to its title, providing a clear historical view of the processes that turned the fluid and multifaceted distinctiveness, which characterised the peoples of this region under the late Ottoman Empire, into sealed-off identities...
Review of Tahir Abbas, Contemporary Turkey in Conflict: Ethnicity, Islam and Politics
Authors: Christofis Nikos
Published: December 2020

Since the rise of Turkey’s ruling Justice and Development Party (AKP) to power in 2002, the country has been at the forefront of events in the region and beyond, even more so in the wake of the 15 July 2016 failed coup attempt. The party’s initial pro-EU, pro-democratic posture has given way to an illiberal authoritarianism since 2010, a process that has yet to reach its denouement. Tahir Abbas’ worthy ambition in Contemporary Turkey in Conflict: Ethnicity, Islam and Politics is to chart the path of sociopolitical transformation Turkey has undergone over the last decade or so, by surveying some of the key ideas and actors shaping contemporary Turkish politics...
Amor e sexualidade na teologia cristã
Authors: Almeida André Luiz Boccato de , Castro Robson Ribeiro de Oliveira , Santos Thales Martins dos
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo pretende tratar o tema cristianismo e sexualidade a partir de uma reflexão sobre o amor erótico na Amoris Laetitia (AL). Para isso, buscar-se-á compreender a visão positiva e propositiva sobre o corpo e a sexualidade próprias do cristianismo. Na exortação pós-sinodal, o Papa Francisco desejou revigorar o ensinamento cristãocatólico sobre o amor na alegria para todas as famílias e casais, diante de inúmeros desafios colocados pela atual cultura pós-moderna. Propõe-se aqui destacar uma ética teológica sobre o sentido do amor erótico presente na exortação, salientando a importância de apresentar uma visão integral junto às famílias, em meio à cultura da fragmentação e do descartável. Este itinerário seguirá em uma tríplice perspectiva de análise teológica: a) serão apresentados alguns traços da herança de uma moral sexual conhecida como “culpabilizadora”, marcada por uma desconfiança com o sentido de um amor sexual; b) far-se-á uma apresentação do sentido personalista do amor e da sexualidade assumidos pelo Concílio Vaticano II e revisitados pela tradição pós-conciliar; c) desenvolver-se-á uma análise do que compreendemos de forma positiva como “amor erótico” na AL, destacando elementos ainda a serem assumidos na pastoral e no acompanhamento dos casais.
Research on the influence of workpiece orientation during processing in disc centrifugal machine on the geometrical structure of its surface and processing efficiency
Authors: Plichta Jarosław , Juniewicz Mateusz
Published: December 2020

The article describes the result of experiments  witch were intended to compare the results of different workpieces orientation in disc centrifugal machine. During experimental investigations, particular attention was paid to the optimal orientation the workpiece in working charge. The results of the research presented in this article confirm the benefit of horizontal orientation of the workpiece to the motion of the media in the working charge.
Optimum combination of machining parameters during drilling of Aluminium 7075 alloys using Grey based Taguchi approach
Authors: Sreenivasulu Reddy , Rao Ch. Srinivasa
Published: December 2020

From ancient days to till today manufacturing industries, especially making of holes on the parts during drilling process for precision assembling of parts facing problems with burr formation. Drilling operation is one of the finishing operation in the production cycle, removing of burrs during drilling process is a time consuming and non-value added process to the manufacturing sector. So reducing the size of burrs is the main aim of the present study. In the present work, optimization of burr size is considered during drilling of aluminium 7075 alloy. From Grey relational grades of responses selected optimal combination of parameters to attain multiple performance characteristics of responses with a corresponding higher grey relational grade. For identifying the most significant input parameters that influence the output responses ANOVA is conducted. Finally, observations reveals that feed rate, point and clearance angles are the most influential factors on burr size and also experimental results divulge that the lower the thrust force causes to decrease the burr height. The proposed approach is helpful to the budding entrepreneurs in the related areas to select optimal combination of drilling parameters to attain multiple performance characteristics of responses especially in burr size to prevent the post finishing operations.
Canvitation deterioration of diesel power plant cylinder liner
Authors: Bako Sunday , Nasir Abdulkarim , Ige Bori , Musa Nicholas
Published: December 2020

The generating station in which diesel engine is used as a prime mover for generating electrical energy is known as diesel power plant. The cylinders liner are cylindrical component that are fixed inside the engine block. The function of the cylinder liners is to retain the working fluid and to guide the piston. Most diesel power plant uses wet-cylinder liners that are exposed to intensive cavitation. The paper aimed at studying the behavior of the cylinder liners that can lead to cavitation. The analysis involves, modeling and simulation in using Solidworks Software. The analysis shows that the cylinders are subjected to harmonic vibration resulting to momentary separation of the coolant from the cylinder wall, creating a pressure difference around the coolant surface which forms air bubbles. These bubbles explode at an extreme velocity. The explosion of these bubbles release surface energy known as cavitation. The energy hammers the cylinder liner surface thereby removing minute particles of metal from the surface of the vibrating cylinder leading to cavitational deterioration. The paper hereby calls on automotive designers to take critical measures in designing of; cylinder liner, water jacket and the entire cooling system, in order to control this phenomenon.
Resenha do livro "Os conceitos fundamentais da pesquisa sócio-espacial", de Marcelo Lopes de Souza (2013)
Authors: Buscioli Roberson Da Rocha
Published: December 2020

Nesta obra, o autor apresenta uma proposta teórico-metodológica para a pesquisa sócio-espacial. Aqui, ressalta-se que o termo apresentado com o “hífen” se refere não apenas ao espaço produzido pela sociedade, mas sim, a todas as relações e interações que se estabelecem a partir de um determinado processo, seja qual ele produtivo, de lazer, enfim, desde que delimitado por uma espacialidade.
A gênese de Chavantes - SP até a primeira metade do século XX: relação rural-urbano
Authors: Dias Franciele Miranda Ferreira
Published: December 2020

O objetivo do trabalho é apresentar a dinâmica rural-urbana de Chavantes até a primeira metade do século XX, momento de ruptura, em decorrência de mudanças nos processos produtivos e da acentuação e da intensificação da urbanização, trazendo novos papeis à cidade perante o rural. Considera-se nesse trabalho os elementos que influenciaram a gênese do município de Chavantes: a expansão dos trilhos da E.F. Sorocabana e do cafeeiros em direção ao Centro-Oeste Paulista, no início do século XX. Para a realização do trabalho, quanto à compreensão da gênese da cidade, consultou-se a bibliografia relativa à história de  Chavantes e de Santa Cruz do Rio Pardo (do qual Chavantes foi distrito) bem como dados censitários, com o intuito principalmente, de analisar a dinâmica-rural urbana, durante o período citado. Foi realizado um levantamento de campo em junho de 2018, com o objetivo de coletar informações acerca dos aspectos históricos e da dinâmica rural-urbana, não esclarecidos pela bibliografia consultada. Compreendeu-se que, a origem de Chavantes relaciona-se diretamente à expansão cafeeira e a inserção da ferrovia, bem como o desenvolvimento do município, no período analisado, está atrelado aos dois elementos citados, importantes na dinâmica rural-urbana.
A indústria de transformação no Brasil: o debate da desindustrialização e os desafios da indústria 4.0
Authors: Gomes Maria Terezinha Serafim
Published: December 2020

O debate sobre as transformações por que passa a indústria brasileira vem se ampliando nos últimos anos, sobretudo no que concerne à redução da participação do setor na composição do Produto Interno Bruto e na oferta de empregos, bem como ao baixo índice de inovação implantada, caracterizando o que alguns estudiosos denominam de “desindrustrialização”. Diferentes interpretações desse processo têm sido apresentadas, e a análise, especialmente no caso brasileiro, deve considerar aspectos como mudanças econômicas, políticas e tecnológicas, a desconcentração econômica e industrial, a restruturação produtiva territorial, além de alterações na metodologia empregada por órgãos que estudam o fenômeno. O objetivo deste artigo é tecer algumas considerações sobre a indústria de transformação no Brasil, com ênfase nas diferentes interpretações sobre o processo de desindustrialização e nos desafios impostos ao setor pela inovação tecnológica.
Entrevista - Um diálogo sobre Ciência com o Professor Dr. Gilberto Fisch
Authors: Silva Charlei Aparecido da , Sanches Fabio De Oliveira
Published: December 2020

Entrevista realizada com Dr. Gilberto Fisch. Meteorologista, docente da UNITAU, pesquisador do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE) e bolsista de produtividade em pesquisa do CNPq-Nível 1B.
Mobile Health Applications for Osteoporosis Support Available on the Market: A Systematic Review
Authors: Safdari Reza , Alikhani Majid , Tahmasbi Foziyeh , Javanmard Zohreh , Heydarian Saeedeh
Published: December 2020

Introduction: The use of mobile applications (apps) become widespread and Provide many benefits especially in healthcare. According to the World Health Organization, osteoporosis is one of the most common diseases of elderly in the world. Like other chronic conditions, disease self-management can prove fruitful. Using a mobile application for Osteoporosis can improve patient care and self-management by encouraging patients to take a more active role in their health.Material and Methods: This study presents a systematic review of mHealth applications, available on Google Play Store, Bazaar market (as a local market) and also Apple App Store, for both the English and Persian speakers. The assessment criteria, including content, visual aids, reminders, health warnings, social and design of selected apps, were tested during July 2019.Results: Reviewing the 19 included applications showed that the most and least focus of apps content was on exercise with 84% repetition and the osteoporosis fracture that no program addressed this issue separately. Findings on reminders, health warnings, and visual aids were not very encouraging (available in 11% apps). Reminders were more common in English-speaking apps than Persian-speaking ones, and Visual aids, one of the benefits of mobile apps over paper logbooks, were provided only in2 apps. The opportunity to share data in social networks was available in 26% of apps, and in the design section, most of the apps have no significant flaws, but 74% of cases did not provide any clear instructions required for the elderly.Conclusion:The review shows that there are rather few products on offer and the ones that are available display low quality, poor performance, and evidence-based information is also insufficiently used. Further efforts are required to collect data that will support the design of validated evidence-based educational functions for mHealth apps.
Universities Students' Knowledge About Big Data Analysis
Authors: Nazari Elham , Rasoulian Marjan , Sistani Samane , Edalati Khodabandeh Maryam , Tabesh Hamed
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Big data analysis has raised controversies today and attracted many students and academics for its dramatic advantages. The present research aims to investigate the extent to which students in different universities of Mashhad are familiar with this type of analysis.Material and Methods: The present cross-sectional research was conducted on university students of different fields of study in Mashhad, Iran. A questionnaire was developed based on a review of the related literature in PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct and EMBAS. The target questionnaire explored students' knowledge of big data analysis. To this aim, 142 students participated in this research and completed the target questionnaire. Their responses were analyzed descriptively.Results: The majority age of participants ranged between 21 and 28 years. 59% of these participants were female; 27% had less than a year of work experience; the academic grade of the majority of participants was Master's or Ph.D. 42% enjoyed a desirable knowledge of big data analysis. The largest number of hours of scientific and non-scientific studies belonged to basic science students and more specifically that of pharmacology.Conclusion: Despite the significance and benefits of big data analysis, students' unfamiliarity with the essentiality of these analyses in industries and research is considerable. It seems that the field or grade of studies has no effect on one's knowledge of big data analysis. Probably, the design of specialized educational courses with this concern can help to promote individuals' knowledge of big data analysis.
Comparison of Pure Tone, Dichotic Digit Test and Speech in Noise in Persian Language Using a Mobile-Based Approach (Shenava® application) with the Audiometer Device: Protocol of the Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Khordastan Firoozeh , Afsharmanesh Jila , Amizadeh Maryam , Sarafi Nejad Afshin
Published: December 2020

Introduction: The global prevalence of hearing loss is around 5 percent in low to middle-income countries. The main purpose of this study is validating a mobile-based Pure Tone Audiometry (PTA), Dichotic Digit Test (DDT) and Speech in Noise (SIN) hearing tests for hearing loss screening purposes in Persian people comparing with routine audiometry exam results.Material and Methods: This is a single blind randomized controlled trial for comparing a mobile application for hearing screening exams. We designed and standardized PTA, DDT and SIN tests for Persian people and settled them into a specific developed mobile application called “Shenava®”. In the audiology clinic, we will recruit at least 100 healthy adult participants, 50 for the case and 50 for the control group. The first group will pass “Shenava®” and standard test respectively and the other group will pass the tests vice versa to prevent order bias.Results: The results of the tests performed by “Shenava®” and audiometry exam will be analyzed to ensure the accuracy and validity of the” Shenava®” in comparison with standard audiometric exam results.Conclution: Hearing tests are costly even for time and money and need a lot of efforts for audiologists and the patients. By designing a mobile app for hearing tests, we hope to be able to make diagnostic screening easier for hearing loss, and relying on the diagnostic value of this tool, it may encourage the patients to have a better follow up and effective treatment plan.
Алгоритм планування завантаження повітряного судна за критерієм пріоритетності
Authors: Сагун Є.C. , Сагун А.О.
Published: December 2020

Стаття присвячена дослідженню особливостей алгоритму оптимізації планування завантаження та необхідності його використання у реальному часі. Оскільки більшість вивчених моделей оптимізації завантаження не враховують фактори часу завантаження та деякі обмеження з центрування та завантаження, то представлений алгоритм завантаження надасть можливість більш ефективно організувати планування завантаження повітряного судна, запобігаючи появі невикористаного простору у вантажному відсіку, в умовах мультилагового маршруту. Представлений надалі алгоритм оптимізації передбачає розташування вантажу  у вантажному відсіку ПС у заздалегідь визначений час та у порядку, визначеному конкретною документацією з пріоритетністю вивантаження у проміжних ділянках мультилагового маршруту, не перевищуючи обмеження із центрування та завантаження, а також мінімізувавши час завантаження та витрати на обслуговування у перерахунку на кожний рейс. Даний алгоритм став основою для оптимізаційної моделі планування завантаження, яка була наочно представлена у програмі комп’ютерного моделювання Blender v 2.83 Beta.
The study of the source material of potatoes under conditions of Kirov region
Authors: Sintsova N. F. , Lyskova I. V.
Published: December 2020

The article presents the results of study of potato varieties and hybrids collection in the conditions of Kirov region, including varieties of modern Russian and foreign collections, interspecific hybrids of VIR, Falenskaya selection station and other scientific institutions for 300-350 samples annually. The study was conducted in contrasting weather conditions in 2017-2019. Sources of high productivity (705…887 g/bush): 129-10, Effekt (Russia), Lukawa (Czechoslovakia), Zorachka, Uladar (Belarus), Colomba (Netherlands) and others, and large potato tuber (100…140 g): Bellarosa (Germany), Lilea (Belarus), Irbitsky, Krepysh (Russia) were revealed. Due to big epiphytotic of late blight in 2017 varieties with high field resistance of foliage to late blight were revealed (7-9 points): Kufri Anara (India), Suzorye, Ragneda, Alpinist (Belarus), Gubernator, Skazka, Effekt, Vdohnovenie, Fritella, Legenda, 90-5-30, 55-03 (Russia); 387110.4, 678019 (Peru) and others. In 2019 samples with high late blight resistance of tubers were selected (9 points): Lilea (Belarus), Udacha, Ognivo, Lubava Legenda, 122-29, 90-6-2, 194-00, 591-97, 55-03, 56-09, 172-11, 6-1, 39-10, 132-07 (Russia), 389746.2, 678019 (BL-22), 678009 (BL-1.10) (Peru). Varieties of field resistance to viral diseases were selected: Lukawa (Czechoslovakia), Yanka, Ragneda, Zorachka, Charaunik (Belarus), Franzi, Albina, Kolomba, Sofia (Germany), Lazar, Skazka, Mayak, Udacha, Krasavchik, Charodey), Zolsky, Matushka, Nayada, Sudarynya, Kolobok, 42-7-40, 112-04, 184-05, 28-06, 48-224-10, 455-08, 431-08, 142-09, 5-7К, 1-13К, 218-12, 286-08, 40-14К, 16-25-1К, 16-29-33К, 56-09, 289-13. Assessment of starch content allowed to select varieties and hybrids with starch content above 20%: Bashkirsky, Zolsky, Lazar (Russia), Uladar, Vektar Belorussky, Manifest, Zhuravinka, Zdabytok (Belarus) and others. Hybrids 268-09 and 289-13 combined high starch content and high late blight resistance. The most valuable source material for potato breeding in the Kirov region are varieties and hybrids with a complex manifestation of warnings: Bellarosa, Albina, Sofia (Germany), 129-09, 40-14, 7-2В, 5-7 К, 268-08, 141-14, 289-13, 455-08, 56-09, 149-14, Kamensky, Irbitsky, Debryansk, Effekt (Russia), Kolamba (Netherlands), Zorachka, Сharaunik, Uladar, Altair, Lilea (Belarus), Lukawa (Czechoslovakia).
Assessment of the development of cereal diseases when applying resource saving soil tillage systems and using biopreparations in adaptive landscape crop farming
Authors: Kozlova L. M. , Noskova E. N. , Popov F. A.
Published: December 2020

The article presents the results of studies of complex effect of biopreparations use during basic and pre-sowing soil tillage on root rot damage and leaf and stem infections of spring grain crops (wheat cv. Svecha, barley cv. Lel’, oats cv. Selma). Studies of 2010-2017 were carried out in seven-field crop rotation on sod-podzolic medium-loam soil. The root rot damage of spring wheat was significantly lower (17.9 %) by surface tillage than by ploughing (22.5 %) in arid conditions with insufficient productive moisture (9.1-17.2 mm) and an increase in soil density (1.37-1.43 g/cm3). Under optimal humidification conditions, the differences in root rot damage of barley are equaled (21.3 and 22.4 %). High soil density (1.32-1.36 g/cm3) also caused an increase in the number of diseased oat plants by surface tillage (21.6) compared to ploughing (14.6 %). Treatment of crops with the preparations Streptomyces castelarensis А4 and Pseudobacterin-2 in the tillering phase led to a significant decrease in root rot damage only on oats (by 17.1 and 17.4 %, respectively). The degree of damage of spring grain crops with leaf and stem diseases was not significantly affected by the methods of basic and pre-sowing tillage. Only the use of a combined sowing unit for cultivation of spring wheat reduced the damage with leaf rust by 2.9 %, with septoriosis – by 1.0% compared to the control. On wheat, the preparations were effective on the background of ploughing reducing leaf rust damage by 15.2 and 11.6 %. The preparation S. castelarensis А4 had a greater effect on barley: the number of plants affected by crown rust was 19.1% less. Pseudobacterin-2 had a better effect on the background of surface tillage, reducing the incidence by 12.9 % relative to the control (ploughing to 20-22 cm). On oat sowings, the preparations were comparable in effect: the intensity of crown rust damage was significantly lower by 5.0 and 4.7 % compared to the control. The action of S. castelarensis А4 is more effective on the background of surface soil tillage. Pseudobacterin-2 had the best effect by plowing. The damage of wheat with stem rust and septoriosis was low. Thus, the methods of basic tillage did not affect the damage of grain crops with leaf and stem diseases and significantly decreased the development of root rot in wheat and oats. Methods of pre-sowing tillage did not have a significant effect on the damage of spring grain crops with root rot and significantly reduced the damage of wheat with leaf rust and septoriosis. The preparations used reduced the intensity and the development of root rot of oats and leaf and stem diseases of wheat, barley, oats.
Advantages of grass-grain crop rotations due to prolonged use of clover-alfalfa-timothy mixture
Authors: Svechnikov A. K.
Published: December 2020

It is known that significant saving of nitrogen fertilizers are due to perennial legume-cereal grasses use in crop rotations. From 2013 to 2018in the Mari El Republic six-field grass-grain fodder crop rotations were compared on sod-podzolic soils with a very high level of phosphorus and potassium. In the third rotation their productivity and bioenergetic efficiency, changes in several important soil fertility indicators, and crud protein content in the produced fodder were evaluated. The main difference between the crop rotations was based on the duration of the clover-alfalfa-timothy grass mixture (CAG) use: from one year to three years. In given experiment there was also studied the effect of mineral nitrogen (variants N0, N60) against Р60К60 background on the yield of crop rotations. During six years, there was no significant soil acidification in the variants. Each additional year of clover-alfalfa-timothy grass mixture use raised the energy efficiency ratio of crop rotations by 24-47 % (from 1.13-1.24 by one-year use to 2.08-2.25 by three years of use). Three-year CAG use as compared with one- and two-years has given to the crop rotation significant advantages in energy efficiency (up to two times) and productivity (approximately 40-80 %) of cultivated crops. After refusing to apply nitrogen fertilizations in such crop rotation, average crop productivity, soil humus and nitrogen content in the soil were better preserved. The average crude protein content in dry matter of the obtained fodder increased from 12.7 % to 14.6 % when prolonging theca use up to two years. The average energy value of the yield per rotation was recorded low (8.4-8.7 MJ/kg) and did not depend on the studied factors.
BURDIEL, Isabel: Emilia Pardo Bazán. Madrid, Taurus 2019, 744 pgs.
Authors: Burguera López Mónica
Published: December 2020

El texto es una reseña/estudio crítico sobre la biografía que ha escrito Isabel Burdiel de Emilia Pardo Bazán, publicada en este mismo 2019.
Las “malas madres”: representación de la maternidad en la literatura colonial española escritas por mujeres en el siglo XX
Authors: Romero Morales Yasmina
Published: December 2020

Este trabajo se propone analizar las figuras maternas marroquíes que aparecen en la literatura colonial española de ficción y escrita por mujeres en el siglo XX. Algunas de estas figuras, de hecho, corresponden a las representaciones habituales y tradicionales de lo materno que imperan en Occidente. Sin embargo, en el Marruecos imaginado por las autoras aparece, además, la subversión a esta figura como un modo más de atrapar a la otredad marroquí en una alteridad irreconciliable con los valores de la metrópolis. Aparecen así las “malas madres” de Marruecos como mecanismo elogiador de la española dejada atrás, en tierras peninsulares.
Dal passato al futuro. La trasmissione del progetto politico attraverso una genealogia femminile nella prima metà del secolo XX
Authors: Laurenzi Elena
Published: December 2020

Il saggio indaga la trasmissione di idee e progettualità tra due generazioni di donne nella Puglia della prima metà del ‘900. Il percorso storiografico ricostruisce le vicissitudini di un progetto politico nato nell’ambito del movimento emancipazionista liberale, che si concretizza in iniziative sia istituzionali  che semi-private, radicate nel locale ma di respiro internazionale. Il saggio pone questioni a carattere metodologico e storiografico quali il valore delle carte private come risorsa per cogliere la trasmissione del pensiero politico femminile o il riferimento al progetto quale momento di articolazione tra teoria e prassi. Le conclusioni suggeriscono la possibilità di rimodulare il giudizio della storiografia femminista in merito al «femminismo pratico» di inizio secolo XX.
Sine labe concepta. La proyección de un modelo de feminidad católica a través de la Inmaculada Concepción en la España del siglo XIX
Authors: Martínez Vilches David
Published: December 2020

Este artículo analiza la función simbólica de la Inmaculada Concepcion en la construcción de un modelo de feminidad católica en la España del siglo xix. La creencia inmaculista fue elevada a dogma por Pío IX en 1854, lo que implicaba una exaltación de la figura de la Virgen María en el catolicismo. Esto sirvió a los sectores sociales conservadores para proyectar un modelo de mujer católica a través de este símbolo y así recobrar parte de la influencia social que la Iglesia había perdido tras la caída del Antiguo Régimen. El uso de la Inmaculada para este propósito es considerado en tres aspectos: el cambio del discurso católico sobre las mujeres, la educación femenina y los contenidos de género de la devoción a Nuestra Señora de Lourdes.