bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Videoconference interpreting goes multimodal
Authors: Zhang Xiaojun , Corpas Pastor Gloria , Zhang Jing
Published: September 2023

Recent times have witnessed an unprecedent surge of
distant modalities of interpreting (remote, videoconference, etc.). The
tendency has been particularly noticeable since the onset of the COVID-19
pandemic. Most scholarly research has explored the implications and
applications of video technology for interpreting, its potential advantages
and shortcomings. By contrast, this paper analyses the multimodal nature of
videoconference interpreting (VCI) and its opportunities for research.
Inspired by human bimodal perception and multi-sensory integration, our
proposal adheres to the subfield of meeting content analysis as a convenient
way to help interpreters prepare for a given meeting and provide a better
user experience. Our main aim is to come up with a core list of key features
and resources that may be used to inform the development of VCI technology
and multilingual conference support applications in the future.
Conference interpreting and technology
Authors: Jayes Thomas
Published: September 2023

2020 and 2021 have been hugely disruptive years for
conference interpreting. A global health pandemic has been a catalyst for
the deployment of technological solutions, and given renewed impetus to new
and innovative forms of service delivery. In the midst of this huge paradigm
shift in the external environment, public institutions with interpreting
services have reacted either by adopting an accelerated rate of
technological innovation, or by compromising on their commitment to the
provision of multilingual meetings.

The transition out of this crisis mode will require a
deep and levelheaded examination of the future of conference interpreting,
both in the institutional sector and in the wider context. The difficulties
of delivering a high-quality service during an epidemiological outbreak have
thrown a spotlight on the business continuity shortcomings of conventional
interpretation provision, but leave some key questions still to be answered.
Most notably, whether and in what manner remote interpreting should be
sustained in a routine business environment.

At the same time, a burgeoning external market for hybrid
and remote meetings, combined with growing acceptance among high-quality
conference interpreters, who are increasingly familiar with remote
interpreting, may democratise and improve the accessibility of interpreting
services to a broader number of clients, to the benefit of language
availability at international meetings.

This paper gives the perspective of the European
Parliament’s interpreting service on the key trends and obstacles to
overcome in the short to mid-term.
Technology in interpreter education and training
Authors: Defrancq Bart
Published: September 2023

Technology is coming to interpreting but are we
preparing students and professionals well enough to the technological turn?
This chapter argues in favour of a structured academic approach to the
integration of interpreting technology in education and training. The
approach is based on a definition of technological competence based on
knowledge, skills, and personal, social and methodological abilities. It
demonstrates how training programmes can empower trainees, promote digital
equality and an ethical stance in the face of technological advances.
Review of Wu (2023): Media Representations of Macau’s Gaming Industry in Greater China: A Corpus-based Critical Discourse Analysis
Authors: Han Yang , Bai Tianyu
Published: September 2023

Media Representations of Macau’s Gaming Industry in Greater China, written by Yuxi Wu, adopts a corpus-based critical discourse analysis method to compare newspaper media representations of Macau’s gaming industry in 2014 in Chinese mainland, Hong Kong, and Macau, the three regions of China with different historical backgrounds, economic conditions, political systems, and social norms. The topical preferences, attitudinal differences and ideological stances of English-language newspapers published in these three regions are revealed in this research.
Lexical development in a third language
Authors: Lindqvist Christina
Published: September 2023

In this chapter, I discuss lexical
development in third language (L3) acquisition.
One of the most researched aspects within this area is
cross-linguistic influence (CLI), that is the
role of previously acquired languages, the first and/or
second language (L1 and L2), on the learning and use of the
L3. While much research has been carried out on learners at
beginner’s level, there are also many studies on learners at
intermediate and advanced levels. Such studies allow for an
examination of lexical development beyond the initial
state. This chapter presents an overview of the
main results and accounts for the ways in which previously
acquired languages affect lexical development in the L3. The
overview shows that overall, lexical CLI tends to diminish
as proficiency in the L3 increases. However, when making a
distinction between formal and meaning-based
CLI, a more complex pattern emerges, with
meaning-based CLI tending to occur more at later stages of
acquisition. Finally, some L3 studies indicate that learners
take advantage of both their L1 and their L2 when taking
vocabulary tests; this lends support to the hypothesis of a
cognate advantage found in L2 research.
Gauging sensitivity to grammaticality violations of
adpositional phrases
Authors: Cabuk-Balli Sakine
Published: September 2023

Research on transfer in
third language acquisition mostly centers around
early stages of development, and little is known on processing after the initial state.
This study explores processing of
prepositions in L3 English to
examine sensitivity to violations of grammaticality
as a function of cross-linguistic
similarity in the L3 development process. The
study aims to investigate whether two groups of subjects
(L1-Kurdish/L2-Turkish L3
learners of English and L1-Turkish L2 learners of English)
are sensitive to violations of grammaticality in the processing of English prepositions
at an intermediate level of proficiency and whether they can
access implicit knowledge of prepositions
during real-time processing in
a self-paced reading task. Bayesian multilevel
analyses were carried out to estimate
potential sensitivity to violations. Results suggest that L3
learners are sensitive to violations of grammaticality
in conditions in which ungrammatical items were presented as
their L1 shares structural similarities with the adpositional system of English. Such
sensitivity was not found in the L2 learner group whose L1
does not have any structural overlaps with the adpositional
system of English. For L3 learners, reading times in the
critical region were slower when the sentence cued a
violation rather than when it did not. Slower reading times
to violations spilled over onto the post-critical region. In
addition to online sensitivity, post-sentence grammaticality
judgements were also indicative of sensitivity to grammaticality violations by L3 learners.
Overall results suggest that performance differences between
the two groups can be explained by structural similarities
and typological proximity between the L3 and the L1 of the
trilingual group. Only L3 participants whose
L1 has prepositions as part of its adpositional
system seemed to be sensitive to the grammaticality
violations online, and thus, could be argued to
benefit from the facilitation of cross-linguistic
similarity.
Property-by-property transfer in L3 Italian
Authors: Gallardo Martine , Montrul Silvina
Published: September 2023

According to the Linguistic
Proximity Model (Westergaard et al.,
2017), linguistic structure is the chief factor
which conditions transfer on a property-by-property basis in L3
acquisition. The present study examined the
predictions of this model in the L2 and L3 acquisition of
Italian by Spanish- and
English-speaking L2 and L3 learners. The
structures of interest were dative experiencer psych verbs
and animate specific direct objects. Crucially, dative
experiencer psych verbs from the
piacere/gustar “like”
class are similar in Italian and Spanish in that they cannot
be passivized; these same verbs have nominative experiencers
and can be passivized in English. Italian and English both
lack Differential Object Marking (DOM), which is
instantiated in Spanish, meaning that objects which are both
animate and specific are morphologically marked. In this
way, the language selected for transfer could be precisely
identified. Results, overall, from a written acceptability judgment task found that the L3
groups transferred from distinct previously acquired
languages, either their L1 or L2 (English and
Spanish), to different extents for the two
main properties tested, supporting the validity of the
Linguistic
Proximity Model and property-by-property transfer as a post
initial state theoretical model of L3
interlanguage development.
Between green extractivism and energy justice: competing strategies in South Africa’s hydrogen transition in the context of climate crisis
Authors: Kalt Tobias , Simon Jenny , Tunn Johanna , Hennig Jesko
Published: September 2023

The global race for green hydrogen is not just about decarbonisation, but also about power and profit. Examining the formation of a political project around an emerging hydrogen economy in South Africa, this article shows that a hydrogen transition is fundamentally contested. Employing (neo-)Gramscian hegemony theory and historical materialist policy analysis, it delineates four competing hydrogen initiatives in the policy debate: green extractivism, green developmentalism, fossilism and energy justice. The findings indicate the dominance of green extractivism, which prioritises the export of green hydrogen to Europe and reproduces patterns of neocolonialism and unequal ecological exchange. Contestations arise both from reactionary forces clinging to fossil fuels as well as from initiatives pursuing justice-centred transitions through green developmentalism and energy justice. This study contributes to the debate on justice in the global energy transition by highlighting alternative transition pathways in the global South that challenge green extractivism through sovereign industrial development and energy justice.
Second-order teleparallel gauge theory
Authors: Assencio E M B , Caraça R S , Vilhena S G , Pompeia P J
Published: September 2023

In this work, we analyze second-order extensions of teleparallel theories of gravity as gauge theories for the translation group. We use Utiyama’s approach to gauge theories and show that it is possible to include second-order derivative terms in the Lagrangian of the gauge potential and preserve gauge invariance. Besides the usual field strength, a new object has to be introduced in order to preserve both gauge and diffeomorphism invariances. From this new object, we obtain a set of fourteen independent invariants which leads to equations that are linear in the fourth derivative of the tetrad field. We analyze a particular example with one of these invariants and evaluate the weak field limit, showing that the effective gravitational potential is a combination of Newton and Yukawa potentials.
Spectral and electric diagnostics of low-current arc plasmas in CO2 with N2 and H2O admixtures
Authors: Becerra Marley , Nilsson Janne , Franke Steffen , Breitkopf Cornelia , André Pascal
Published: September 2023

Plasma diagnostics is a key tool to support the further development of plasma-induced chemical conversion of greenhouse gases (such as CO2) into high-value chemicals. For this reason, spectroscopic and electric measurements of low current (below 1.7 A), stationary arc plasmas in CO2 at atmospheric pressure with addition of N2 or H2O are reported. High-speed photography, imaging emission spectroscopy and time-resolved electrical measurements are used to obtain time-space resolved gas temperatures as well as the electric-field current characteristics of the discharge. It is found that the lowest average electric field in a CO2 arc plasma at atmospheric pressure is ∼20 kV mm−1 at a current between 0.8 and 1 A. If the current decreases below this level, the arc remains in vibrational–translational (VT) equilibrium by increasing the electric field. However, VT equilibrium conditions can be only maintained until a threshold minimum current of 0.33 ± 0.05 A, at which the arc transitions into a non-equilibrium condition with further increasing electric fields (reaching 68 ± 15 V mm−1 at 0.03 A). The addition of N2 or H2O did not influence the electrical characteristics of the CO2 arc within to the tested mixtures. However, there is only a significant decrease in the electric field of the formed transition arcs and the threshold minimum current in the presence of N2. The spectra of the low-current CO2 arc is found to be dominated by emission from the C2 Swan band system and the O I 777 nm triplet peak. However, the CN band dominates the spectra even when small amounts (0.5 wt%) of N2 is present in the plasma. The gas temperature at the axis of the CO2 arc plasma decreased slightly with decreasing current, from an estimated 7000 K at 1 A down to 6300 K at 0.4 A. The thermal radius of the arc is estimated to be larger than 1.2 mm, more than two times larger than the optical radius obtained from the emitted radiation. The addition of N2 and H2O (up to 7 and 9 wt% respectively) lead to only to a 500 K decrease in the axial arc temperature.
Realization of high-order topological phase transition in 2D metal-organic frameworks
Authors: Li Yefeng , He Tingli , Zhao Min , Liu Ying , Dai Xuefang , Liu Guodong , Zhang Xiaoming
Published: September 2023

In two-dimensional (2D) scale, controllable topological phase transition between a conventional topological quantum state and a higher-order one has been a challenge currently. Herein, based on first-principles, we report 2D metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are ideal choice for realizing such topological phase transition. Taking MOF candidate Pd3(C6S6)2 as an example, a semimetallic band structure is present at the equilibrium state. Under moderate compressive strain, it features a nontrivial energy gap and corner states, which is evidenced as a second-order topological insulator (SOTI). In addition, the band order for its low-energy bands switches at moderate tensile strain, during which topological phase transition from SOTI and topological semimetal to double Weyl semimetal (DWSM) happens, accompanied by the change in real Chern number form

ν
R

=
1

to

ν
R

=
0

. At the critical point for the phase transition, the system can be characterized as a 2D pseudospin-1 fermion. Beside Pd3(C6S6)2, we further identify the ferromagnetic monolayer Fe3(C6S6)2 can also take the DWSM-to-SOTI phase transition, where the topological fermions and corresponding edge/corner states could be fully spin-polarized. This work has for the first time realized topological transition between conventional topological quantum state and a higher-order one in both nonmagnetic and magnetic MOFs.
High-performance multilayer WSe2/SnS2 p–n heterojunction photodetectors by two step confined space chemical vapor deposition
Authors: Xu Qilei , Wu Qianqian , Wang Chenglin , Zhang Xiumei , Cai Zhengyang , Lin Liangliang , Gu Xiaofeng , Ostrikov Kostya (Ken) , Nan Haiyan , Xiao Shaoqing
Published: September 2023

Two-dimensional (2D) p–n heterojunctions have attracted great attention due to their outstanding properties in electronic and optoelectronic devices, especially in photodetectors. Various types of heterojunctions have been constituted by mechanical exfoliation and stacking. However, achieving controlled growth of heterojunction structures remains a tremendous challenge. Here, we employed a two-step KI-assisted confined-space chemical vapor deposition method to prepare multilayer WSe2/SnS2 p–n heterojunctions. Optical characterization results revealed that the prepared WSe2/SnS2 vertical heterostructures have clear interfaces as well as vertical heterostructures. The electrical and optoelectronic properties were investigated by constructing the corresponding heterojunction devices, which exhibited good rectification characteristics and obtained a high detectivity of 7.85 × 1012 Jones and a photoresponse of 227.3 A W−1 under visible light irradiation, as well as a fast rise/fall time of 166/440 μs. These remarkable performances are likely attributed to the ultra-low dark current generated in the depletion region at the junction and the high direct tunneling current during illumination. This work demonstrates the value of multilayer WSe2/SnS2 heterojunctions for applications in high-performance photodetectors.
Gray skyhook predictive control of magnetorheological semi-active seat suspension with time delay
Authors: Dong Xiaomin , Fei Zhenyang , Zhang Zhiyuan , Deng Xiong , Li Pingyang , Liu Qinglin
Published: September 2023

Semi-active seat suspension with a magnetorheological (MR) damper has been a popular study issue in recent years. Since the response time delay of the MR damper can reduce the control effect and even make the vibration more severe, there is an urgent need to compensate for the response time delay. In this paper, gray prediction is introduced into the vibration control study of commercial vehicle seat suspension. A gray skyhook prediction controller is designed to compensate for the response time delay. This proposed controller does not rely heavily on controller parameter optimization and requires fewer state variables than other typical time delay compensation controllers. The mechanical property of the MR damper has been tested, modeled, and analyzed. A seat suspension dynamic model considering geometric nonlinearity is established based on the motion relationship between the components of the suspension. Subsequently, the effect of the response time delay on seat suspension vibration control has been verified by simulation. The results show that the control effect deteriorates significantly after considering the response time delay. Finally, prediction accuracy and vibration reduction performance of the designed gray skyhook predictive controller are verified by simulation and bench testing. The results illustrate that the gray skyhook predictive controller provides excellent time delay compensation and can significantly improve the ride comfort and handling stability of the driver. This study provides a reference for vibration control research of the MR seat suspension.
Analysis on the symmetric fast-slow behaviors in a van der Pol-Duffing-Jerk oscillator
Authors: Lyu Weipeng , Li Shaolong , Huang Juanjuan , Bi Qinsheng
Published: September 2023

The study of bursting oscillations induced by frequency-domain multiscale effect is one of the key scientific issues in the theoretical analysis of circuit systems. In this paper, we explore the mechanism of the bursting oscillations of a van der Pol-Duffing-Jerk circuit oscillator with slow-changing parametric and external periodic excitations. Three typical bursting modes, namely, left-right symmetric ‘subHopf/fold limit cycle’ bursting, origin symmetric ‘fold/fold limit cycle’ bursting and origin symmetric ‘fold/subHopf/fold limit cycle’ bursting, are presented. The slowly changing excitation is treated as a generalized state variable to analyze the influence on the critical manifolds of the equilibria and bifurcations. The critical conditions of fold and Hopf bifurcations are computed by using the bifurcation theory, and two typical bifurcation structures are obtained according to the position of different bifurcation curves. Based on the bifurcation analysis, we investigate the appearance and dynamicalal evolutions of the different bursting oscillations with the variation of the external excitation amplitude. It is pointed that not only the bifurcation structures but also the distance between the fold and Hopf bifurcation points can affect the bursting patterns. We find the directions of the trajectories and the bursting types are sensitive to the values of the external excitation amplitude. Furthermore, we reveal the mechanism of the bursting oscillations by overlapping the trajectories on (θ, x)-plane onto the corresponding bifurcation structures. Numerical simulations are also presented to prove the correctness of the theoretical analysis in our study.
Impact of charge on complexity analysis and isotropic decoupled solutions in
f(R,T)
gravity
Authors: Sharif M , Naseer Tayyab
Published: September 2023

In this paper, we formulate two exact charged solutions to the field equations by extending the domain of existing anisotropic models with the help of minimal gravitational decoupling in

f
(
R
,
T
)

theory. For this, the anisotropic fluid distribution is considered as a seed source that is extended through the inclusion of a new gravitational source. The influence of the later matter configuration is controlled by the decoupling parameter. We formulate the field equations corresponding to the total matter source that are then decoupled into two distinct sets by implementing a transformation only on the radial metric coefficient. Both of these under-determined sets correspond to their parent sources. Some well-behaved forms of the metric potentials are taken into account to deal with the first set of equations. On the other hand, we solve the second set corresponding to an additional source by taking different constraints on the matter sector. We then consider the radius and mass of a compact star 4U 1820 − 30 to analyze the physical feasibility of the resulting solutions for a particular modified model. It is concluded that our resulting solutions show stable behavior for certain values of the decoupling parameter and charge.
Structural, ferromagnetic, ferroelectric, and bio-medical behaviour of yttrium doped strontium hexaferrite (SrFe12-xYxO19) nano materials, assisted with sol-gel cost effective technique
Authors: Kumar Singh Sonu , Singh Rakesh Kumar , Kumari Pammi , Ranga Narender , Manash Aniket , Kumari Rekha
Published: September 2023

Rare earth Yttrium (Y3+) substituted strontium hexaferrite (SrFe12-xYxO19) with X = (0.25–1.0), is synthesized using an economical and chemical-based sol–gel technique. The reflected planes in the XRD patterns justify that samples possessed hexagonal symmetry (P63/mmc space group). Crystallite size and strain calculations for SrFe12-xYxO19 samples were performed with a W-H plot. Lattice constants change minutely but regularly with Y3+ composition. The morphological structure of the sample SrFe12O19, SrFe11.50Y0.50O19, and SrFe11Y1O19 have been visualized from SEM micrographs, which reveal hexagonal crystal symmetry, possessing agglomeration with an average particle size of 49.84 nm, 73 nm, and 39.66 nm respectively. TEM, HRTEM, and SAED have been performed for confirming the lattice fringe distance, the grain size of nanoparticles (NPs), and diffraction planes. Grain size is 44.15 nm and 37.27 nm for X = 0.00 and X = 1.0 composition of Y3+. Raman spectral pattern exhibited that all the peak of the synthesized sample is indexed to Raman vibration modes and strontium hexaferrite (SHF) structure. FTIR analysis supports the stretching of metal-oxygen bonding and helps to find the force constant, bond length, and functional group of samples. The highest luminescent peak is observed at 481 nm, using the PL spectrum. Using UV-Visible spectroscopy direct band gap (Eg) of the synthesized sample was evaluated and is found to decrease from 2.3 eV-1.93 eV with Y3+ concentration. With an increase in the composition of non-magnetic ions of Y3+, Ms and Mr parameters decrease systematically. In contrast, the coercivity value increases drastically from 5983–6595 Oe and is one of the novel works of this report. The occupancy of Y3+ ions in SrFe12-xYxO19 lattice obstructs electrical leakage to generate remnant polarization (Pr) and coercive polarization (Pc) of values 25.45 μC cm−2 and 2.91 kV cm−1 respectively. Moreover, cytotoxicity assay reveals that at lower concentrations up to 250 μg ml−1, the synthesized material SrFe12-xYxO19 for X = 0.00 and X = 1.0 promotes the growth of cell and hence represents non-toxic and biocompatible behavior with cell. Hence anticipation can be made that it may be used for biological and biomedical applications such as bone replacement, magnetic drug delivery, and coating on metal implants. Thus, improved physical properties of Y3+ doped SHF nanomaterials pave the way for promising optical, magnetic, electrical, biological, and biomedical applications.
Study on the physical and chemical properties of dimethyl sulfoxide under the external electric field
Authors: Han Boyuan , Feng Jun , Aizezi Nuerbiye , Liu Yuzhu
Published: September 2023

Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is a versatile solvent used in many fields such as medicine and organic synthesis, whereas it is poisonous and harmful to human health. Physical and chemical properties, including bond length, dipole moment, total energy, frontier orbital energy, infrared absorption spectrum as well as the Raman spectrum of the DMSO molecule under an external electric field ranging from 0 to 0.03 atomic units were calculated by using the density functional theory (DFT) with the B3LYP/6-311G++(2d, p) basis set. According to the calculation, it has been found that as the external electric field increases, the two strongest infrared absorption peaks redshift and change in intensity. At the same time, a distinct new characteristic peak emerges in the Raman spectrum when the electric field is applied. Moreover, the Raman characteristic lines of DMSO were detected based on a self-designed Raman spectrometer. The potential energy curves under the increasing electric field were obtained by scanning the single-point energy along the S=O bond with the method B3LYP/6-311G (d, p). By fitting a linear curve between the potential barrier and the electric field, the intensity of the field corresponding to the zero potential barrier was computed. The results provide important theoretical references for further research about the DMSO’s physical and chemical properties and indicate that the structure and properties of molecules change significantly under an external electric field.
Energy ratio response at the interface of elastic and dual-porous thermoelastic half-spaces
Authors: Kumar Rajesh , Gupta Vipin , Pathania Vijayata , Barak M S
Published: September 2023

The present study delves into the intricate examination of energy distribution inherent in plane waves interfacing with an elastic half-space and a thermoelastic half-space characterized by a dual porosity framework. Employing the memory-dependent dual-phase-lag (DPL) hyperbolic two-temperature (H2T) thermoelastic paradigm, the investigation encompasses various incident wave types. The governing equations, rendered in a non-dimensional format, are meticulously addressed by applying the rigorous technique of eigenmode analysis. The intricate energy ratios are meticulously ascertained through the judicious imposition of boundary conditions and the discerning employment of reflection and transmission coefficients. Graphical representations have been exhibited, elucidating the effects of diverse parameters on distinct energy ratios within crystalline structures akin to magnesium materials. These parameters encompass but are not confined to the H2T paradigm, the absence of the two-temperature influence, the classical two-temperature approach, memory effects, and a spectrum of distinct kernel functions. The proposed model emanates cross-disciplinary utility, traversing the domains of seismology, acoustics, optics, materials science, structural engineering, and geophysics.
Dendrite operating state in directional solidification of AlCu binary system: numerical benchmark test with the OpenPhase software
Authors: Uddagiri Murali , Antala Pankaj , Shchyglo Oleg , Steinbach Ingo
Published: September 2023

A scientific benchmark test is carried out for a multi-phase-field model with double-obstacle potential by performing three-dimensional simulations of dendritic growth under directional solidification. The effects of key numerical parameters of the multi-phase-field model such as numerical resolution and interface width on the dendrite tip operating state are studied, optimal parameter values are set, and where the operating state becomes independent of varying these parameters is elaborated. Some uncertainties in the proper choice of effective interface mobility in the thin-interface limit are discussed and a pragmatic solution is adopted. The binary alloy Al-Cu with 4 at.% Cu is chosen as the material system because it has been used in many previous experimental and numerical studies to investigate dendrite morphology under directional solidification. The recently developed sharp phase-field model by Finel and colleagues is adapted to the double-obstacle potential function and included in the benchmark test. It is shown how the sharp phase-field model helps in achieving agreeable convergence with larger discretization, thereby reducing the computational cost significantly. The benchmarks are performed using the OpenPhase software.
Exploring ultralight scalar assistance in sterile neutrino dark matter: cold spectrum and unusual X/gamma-ray signatures
Authors: He Yuxuan , Liu Jia , Ma Xiaolin , Wang Xiao-Ping
Published: September 2023

We present a scalar-driven sterile neutrino production model where the interaction with the ultralight scalar field modifies the oscillation production of sterile neutrinos in the early universe. The model effectively suppresses the production of sterile neutrinos at low temperatures due to the heavy scalar mass, resulting in a colder matter power spectrum that avoids constraints from small-scale structure observations. In this model, the dominant dark matter relic is from sterile neutrinos, with only a small fraction originating from the ultralight scalar. Furthermore, the model predicts a detectable X/γ-ray flux proportional to the cubic density of local sterile neutrinos for a light scalar mass due to the light scalar coupling to sterile neutrinos. This distinguishes our model from normal decaying dark matter, which has a linear dependence on the density. In addition, the model predicts a potential low-energy monochromatic neutrino signal that can be detectable by future neutrino telescopes.
A Study of Ten Early-type Contact Binary Stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Chu-Qi Wu , Fu-Xing Li , Sheng-Bang Qian , Jia Zhang , Sarotsakulchai Nopphadon , Zubairi Ahmed waqas , Azizbek Matekov
Published: September 2023

To study early-type binary systems in different evolutionary stages or environments, the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) is an ideal laboratory due to its low metallicity compared to that of the Milky Way. We conduct a study on the period changes of the close binary systems with B-type spectral classifications in the SMC using OGLE collections. Ten B-type binaries that show no significant periodic variations based on the current observational data were analyzed. Through O − C analysis, four of the ten early-type binaries show a long-term period decrease, one shows a long-term period increase, and the other five systems are ambiguous due to the limitations of the observational data. Among the period-decreasing systems, two may be mainly caused by mass transfer, while the rest may be caused by angular momentum loss. The Wilson-Devinney code (W-D method) is used to analyze their I-band photometric light curves. According to the W-D results, five early-type binaries are in the deep contact state, three are in the shallow contact state, while two are in the medium contact state, and the temperature ratios of these early-type binaries are all close to unity. The five deep contact binaries are highly unstable systems and therefore serve as important objects for the study of binary mergers. Finally, a discussion on the evolution of early-type binary stars is conducted by combining the analyses of the light curves and the periodic changes of ten early-type binaries, that implies that the majority of early-type binaries in the SMC may form contact binaries from a phase of rapid mass transfer.
Analytical approximate solutions of AdS black holes in Einstein-Weyl-scalar gravity*
Authors: Zhang 张 Ming 明 , Li 李 Sheng-Yuan 盛源 , Zou 邹 De-Cheng 德成 , Zhang 张 Chao-Ming 晁铭
Published: September 2023

We consider Einstein-Weyl gravity with a minimally coupled scalar field in four dimensional spacetime. Using the minimal geometric deformation (MGD) approach, we split the highly nonlinear coupled field equations into two subsystems that describe the background geometry and scalar field source, respectively. By considering the Schwarzschild-AdS metric as background geometry, we derive analytical approximate solutions of the scalar field and deformation metric functions using the homotopy analysis method (HAM), providing their analytical approximations to fourth order. Moreover, we discuss the accuracy of the analytical approximations, showing they are sufficiently accurate throughout the exterior spacetime.
Detection Capability Evaluation of Lunar Mineralogical Spectrometer: Results from Ground Experimental Data
Authors: Gao Fang , Liu Bin , Ren Xin , Liu Da-Wei , Li Chun-Lai
Published: September 2023

The Chang’E-6 mission will first land on the far side of the moon and bring lunar samples back. As a hyperspectral imager aboard the Chang’E-6 lander, the Lunar Mineralogical Spectrometer (LMS), will achieve the goal of spectral detection and mineral composition analysis in the sampling area, and the data of LMS will also be compared with the results of the returned sample laboratory measurements. Visible and near-infrared hyperspectral remote sensing is an effective tool for lunar minerals identification and quantification. The ground validation experiment can be used to evaluate the detection ability of the LMS. According to the modal abundances of lunar minerals and glasses of APOLLO samples, binary mixed samples, ternary mixed samples, and seven-membered mixed samples were prepared. The samples were ground and stirred homogeneous to about 200 mesh (median particle size about 75 μm), to simulate the soil state of the lunar surface. Under the laboratory ambient condition, the 480–3200 nm spectral data of the samples were acquired using the Engineering Qualification Model (EQM) of Chang’E-5 LMS, the performance of which is consistent with the flight model of Chang’E-6 LMS. By fitting the mixed samples’ spectral data of the EQM using the Modified Gaussian Methods, the following conclusions can be drawn: The subtle spectral changes of mixed samples can be detected. The modal abundance of low-Ca pyroxene, high-Ca pyroxene, and plagioclase can be derived based on the spectral parameters such as absorption position, depth or width of the mixed samples, and the correlation coefficients R
2 are better than 82%, indicating that the LMS has good quantitative detection capability.
Single-trial classification of evoked responses to auditory tones using OPM- and SQUID-MEG
Authors: Iivanainen Joonas , Carter Tony R , Trumbo Michael C S , McKay Jim , Taulu Samu , Wang Jun , Stephen Julia M , Schwindt Peter D D , Borna Amir
Published: September 2023

Objective. Optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) are emerging as a near-room-temperature alternative to superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) for magnetoencephalography (MEG). In contrast to SQUIDs, OPMs can be placed in a close proximity to subject’s scalp potentially increasing the signal-to-noise ratio and spatial resolution of MEG. However, experimental demonstrations of these suggested benefits are still scarce. Here, to compare a 24-channel OPM-MEG system to a commercial whole-head SQUID system in a data-driven way, we quantified their performance in classifying single-trial evoked responses. Approach. We measured evoked responses to three auditory tones in six participants using both OPM- and SQUID-MEG systems. We performed pairwise temporal classification of the single-trial responses with linear discriminant analysis as well as multiclass classification with both EEGNet convolutional neural network and xDAWN decoding. Main results. OPMs provided higher classification accuracies than SQUIDs having a similar coverage of the left hemisphere of the participant. However, the SQUID sensors covering the whole helmet had classification scores larger than those of OPMs for two of the tone pairs, demonstrating the benefits of a whole-head measurement. Significance. The results demonstrate that the current OPM-MEG system provides high-quality data about the brain with room for improvement for high bandwidth non-invasive brain–computer interfacing.
The future of wearable EEG: a review of ear-EEG technology and its applications
Authors: Kaongoen Netiwit , Choi Jaehoon , Woo Choi Jin , Kwon Haram , Hwang Chaeeun , Hwang Guebin , Kim Byung Hyung , Jo Sungho
Published: September 2023

Objective. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of ear-electroencephalogram (EEG) technology, which involves recording EEG signals from electrodes placed in or around the ear, and its applications in the field of neural engineering. Approach. We conducted a thorough literature search using multiple databases to identify relevant studies related to ear-EEG technology and its various applications. We selected 123 publications and synthesized the information to highlight the main findings and trends in this field. Main results. Our review highlights the potential of ear-EEG technology as the future of wearable EEG technology. We discuss the advantages and limitations of ear-EEG compared to traditional scalp-based EEG and methods to overcome those limitations. Through our review, we found that ear-EEG is a promising method that produces comparable results to conventional scalp-based methods. We review the development of ear-EEG sensing devices, including the design, types of sensors, and materials. We also review the current state of research on ear-EEG in different application areas such as brain–computer interfaces, and clinical monitoring. Significance. This review paper is the first to focus solely on reviewing ear-EEG research articles. As such, it serves as a valuable resource for researchers, clinicians, and engineers working in the field of neural engineering. Our review sheds light on the exciting future prospects of ear-EEG, and its potential to advance neural engineering research and become the future of wearable EEG technology.
The proton radius and its relatives - much ado about nothing?
Authors: Meißner Ulf-G.
Published: September 2023

I summarize the dispersion-theoretical analysis of the nucleon electromagnetic form factors. Special emphasis is given on the extraction of the proton charge radius and its relatives, the proton magnetic radius as well as the neutron magnetic radius. Some recent work on the hyperfine splitting in leptonic hydrogen and on radiative corrections to muon-proton scattering is also discussed. Some views on future studies are given.
Recent ALICE results on quarkonium production in nuclear collisions
Authors: Paul Biswarup ,   ALICE Collaboration
Published: September 2023

Quarkonium production has long been regarded as a potential probe of deconfinement in nucleus-nucleus collisions. Recently, the production of J/ψ via regeneration within the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) or at the phase boundary has been identified as an important ingredient for the interpretation of quarkonium production results from lead-lead collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Quarkonium polarization could also be used to investigate the properties of the hot and dense medium created at LHC energies, as well as the initial stages of the heavy-ion collision. In this contribution, the latest ALICE quarkonium results are presented and discussed. These include, among others, the nuclear modification of (prompt, non-prompt and inclusive) J/ψ, the ψ(2S) production, and the J/ψ polarization, all measured in lead-lead collisions at the LHC. The results are compared with available theoretical model calculations.
Disentanglement of hard and soft QCD processes using two-particle correlation functions
Authors: Sahoo Baidyanath , Nandi Basanta Kumar , Dash Sadhana , Pruneau Claude
Published: September 2023

Transverse spherocity (S
0) has evolved as a powerful method to distinguish between soft and hard contributions in an event in small collision systems. We used the two-particle differential-number correlation functions (R
2) and transverse momentum correlation functions (P
2) of charged particles produced in pp collisions at

s

=

7

TeV with the PYTHIA8 model to explore this phenomena. The Δφ projections of these correlation functions in different multiplicity and S
0 classes are discussed. We find that these correlation functions show different shapes and sizes in both near- and away-side with multiplicity and S
0 classes. We observe a strong correlation in the near- and away-side of these correlation functions for jetty-like (hard QCD processes), which become weaker for isotropic (soft QCD processes) in spherocity classes as compared to multiplicity classes. Finally, it is observed that S
0 should be a good observable as compared to multiplicity to disentangle hard and soft QCD processes in a small collision system.
Correlation of heavy-flavour hadron production and charged-particle multiplicity in pp collisions measured by ALICE
Authors: Mdhluli Joyful Elma ,   ALICE Collaboration
Published: September 2023

Heavy-flavour (HF) quarks, i.e. charm and beauty, are produced in the early stages of ultra-relativistic collisions via hard scattering processes. The measurement of heavy flavour as a function of charged-particle multiplicity not only provides information on how the production mechanisms are influenced by the event activity, but can also be considered as a tool to test the role of multiple parton interactions. Furthermore, charged-particle multiplicity studies are essential for reference measurements, to tune theoretical models and to provide information on the global characteristics of events. In ALICE, charged-particle multiplicity and heavy-flavour production in the hadronic and electronic decay channels are measured at central rapidity while HF-decay muons and J/ψ → μ
+
μ
− are measured at forward rapidity. In this contribution, results will be presented on relative J/ψ, average D-mesons and leptons from HF hadron decay yields as a function of charged-particle multiplicity in proton-proton (pp) collisions at

s

=
5.02

, 7, 8 and 13 TeV. These results will also be compared to theoretical model calculations.
Real and virtual direct photon measurements with ALICE
Authors: Scheid H. Sebastian ,   ALICE Collaboration
Published: September 2023

In this contribution the latest measurements of real and virtual photons in Pb–Pb collisions at

s

N
N

=
5.02

TeV from the ALICE Collaboration are presented. The extracted photon spectra are compared to predictions from state-of-the-art models that explicitly include the whole evolution of the heavy-ion collision as well as measurements at lower energies. Experimental developments that in the future will help to extend the range and procession of the measurements are introduced before concluding with an outlook to possible future measurements at the LHC.
Measurement of R
2(Δη, Δφ) and P
2(Δη, Δφ) correlation functions in pp collisions at
s=13
TeV with ALICE
Authors: Sahoo Baidyanath ,   ALICE Collaboration
Published: September 2023

In high-energy collisions, the mechanism of particle production, diffusivity, and conservation of charge and momentum are all revealed by the two-particle normalised cumulants of particle number correlations (R
2) and transverse momentum, p
T, correlations (P
2), which are measured as a function of relative pseudorapidity and relative azimuthal angle difference (Δη, Δφ). We measure these observables in pp collisions at

s

=
13

TeV with transverse momentum (p
T) range of 0.2 - 2.0 GeV/c, to complement the recent ALICE measurements in Pb–Pb collisions and for a better understanding of the jet contribution and nature of collectivity in small systems. The observed correlations on the near- and away-side are qualitatively similar, but differ quantitatively. Additionally, it is shown that the near-side peak of P
2 is much narrower than the near-side peak of R
2 for both charge-independent (CI) and charge-dependent (CD) combinations, similar to the recently published ALICE results in p—Pb and Pb—Pb collisions. These results not only establish a baseline for heavy-ion collisions but also help one to better understand signals that are compatible with the existence of collective effects in small systems because they are sensitive to the interplay between the underlying event and mini-jets in pp collisions.
Probing the QCD phase transition with hadron multiplicity ratios
Authors: Bumnedpan T , Steinheimer J , Bleicher M , Limphirat A , Herold C
Published: September 2023

We investigate the impact of a first-order chiral phase transition and critical point on hadron multiplicity ratios. We model the dynamical expansion of the hot and dense matter created in a heavy ion collision with a Bjorken hydrodynamics expansion coupled to the explicit evolution of the chiral order parameter at center-of-mass energies from 2 to 7 GeV. Hereby, the chiral dynamics is implemented using a Langevin equation including dissipation and noise. We find a strong enhancement of the entropy-per-baryon S/A at lowest energies which is created at the non-equilibrium first-order phase transition. By mapping the initial and final S/A to a hadron resonance gas, we can quantify the shift of hadron multiplicity ratios.
The structure of low-lying 1− states in 90,94Zr from (α,α′γ) and (p,p′γ) reactions
Authors: Crespi Fabio ,   CAGRA collaboration
Published: September 2023

The low-lying dipole strength was investigated in 90,94
Zr via the (p,p′γ) reaction at 80 MeV and via the (α,α′γ) reaction at 130 MeV. These experiments were performed at the Research Center for Nuclear Physics (Osaka University) and made combined use of the high-resolution magnetic spectrometer Grand Raiden and the CAGRA HPGe gamma array. The comparison of our results with existing (γ,γ′) reaction data shows differences in the excitation patterns. In the present experimental conditions, in fact, both α and p probes are exciting the investigated 1− states mainly through the short-range nuclear force, expected to favour the population of surface excitations. Distorted Wave Born Approximation (DWBA) calculations were made using form factors built assuming specific transition densities, characterized by a strong neutron component at the nuclear surface and based on Random Phase Approximation (RPA). A combined analysis of the (α,α′γ) and (p,p′γ) data was performed to investigate the isoscalar character of the 1− states in 90,94Zr. Although an overall general consistency was obtained in the studied energy intervals, not all (p,p′γ) cross sections were well reproduced using the isoscalar strength deduced from (α,α′γ) data. This might suggest that the mixing of isoscalar and isovector components and the degree of collectivity are not the same for all the 1− states studied.
Cluster aspects of collinear cluster tri-partition (CCT)
Authors: Pyatkov Yu V , Kamanin D V , Carjan N , Okada K , Goryainova Z I , Kuznetsova E A , Malaza V D , Strekalovsky A O , Strekalovsky O V , Wyngaardt S M , Zhuchko V E
Published: September 2023

New results demonstrating the so-called Ni-bump being the most populated mode of the collinear cluster tripartition (CCT) of 252Cf(sf) are presented. The physical scenario of this effect is discussed. It is tested by calculations of potential energy surfaces for the fission of the intermediate fragments formed after first rupture of the mother nucleus. Fission barriers are extracted and mass asymmetries at saddles are compared with the masses of the fission fragments that take part in the Ni-bump.