bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CONTEMPORARY ANGLICISMS IN UKRAINIANS SPEECH
AND THEIR UKRAINIAN CORRESPONDENCES
Authors: Panchenko Olena
Published: July 2023

In general, the article presents the problem of the borrowings functioning in contemporary Ukrainian. Considering the constant flood of loanwords into the Ukrainian language under the conditions of modern technologies rapid development, directions of activity, as well as the globalization of the world, the study of modern anglicisms is relevant since there is a constant need to analyse new linguistic phenomena. The article deals with the peculiarities of the adaptation of the latest borrowings from the English language to the rules of functioning of the Ukrainian language on the material of the «Slovotvir» platform. Modern Ukrainian orthography regulates some aspects of borrowed words spelling (norms for the transmission of certain sounds with specific letters), but in practice, transmission in writing may vary for a certain period, until it is finally fixed or gets out of use due to unnecessary use. The word can be transmitted both by transcription and by transliteration. Sometimes in English several words are used to denote a concept, and it entered the Ukrainian language as one, where all components are written together, which indicates that a borrowed word combination in Ukrainian is perceived as one whole word, unlike in English, where lexemes are self-sufficient and exist in syntagmatic relations. Several anglicisms acquire specific elements, including endings or suffixes. Words with different roots can be pronounced the same but spelled differently. But such homophones in English can turn into homonyms in Ukrainian (homophones, homographs at the same time) in connection with the transmission of foreign sounds by available means of language. So, it takes some time for the word to adapt. It is desirable to choose Ukrainian equivalents for anglicisms whenever possible because it nourishes the language and uses specific resources. Often a borrowed word has its own equivalents that are in circulation at the same time as it. In addition, in some cases, it is possible to translate an anglicism into Ukrainian, in which case the use of anglicisms is not appropriate. Another solution to the issue of finding equivalents for anglicisms is the involvement of the word-formation of the Ukrainian language – the formation of new words, as is actively happening in English.
Key words: word structure, borrowing, transcription, transliteration, specific elements.
STUDY OF ADVERTISING TEXT OF EDUCATIONAL SERVICES:
TERMINOLOGICAL ASPECT
Authors: Zhang Mengwei
Published: July 2023

The advertising discourse of the educational sphere has been studied in the terminological aspect. The important role of advertising in the field of education under the influence of external and internal factors has been proven. The essence of the concept of “advertising text of educational services” is considered. Definitions of two spheres of the term system – advertising and education, in particular the terms “advertising”, “advertising text” and “education” and “educational services” were analyzed. Special attention is paid to the meaning components of the term “educational services” as a legal, economic and pedagogical category.
It was found that educational services in different terminology systems have the same content structure, which assumes the presence of the following components: the subject that provides educational services (institution of higher education, center, school, unit, courses, etc.); educational and scientific activity that provides educational services; the target audience that consumes these services (pupils, students, listeners); consequence and result of the joint activity of participants in the educational process (knowledge, skills, abilities).
The impact of the content structure of the terms on the essence of the complex integrated concept “advertising text of educational services” is clarified, which will become key in further linguistic research. It was determined that “advertising text of educational services” is a text with a defined formal and content structure, which has a communicative and pragmatic focus on a certain target audience, provides positive information about the subject – the provider of educational services, characterizes these services and the result of their action.
Important topics are highlighted in the projection on linguistic aspects of research, which correlate with relatively stable parts of the advertising text: title, slogan/advertising motto, descriptive part, final phrase-repetition. Each part has a spectrum of language means, a manipulative of different language levels, which are subordinate to the strategy of positivity and influence the consumer.
Key words: advertising, advertising text, education, educational service, educational advertising, term, educational vocabulary.
LINGUA-CULTURAL CONNOTATIONS OF THE ЛЯХ (LYAKH, POLE)
ETHNONYM (AS EXEMPLIFIED
IN UKRAINIAN PHRASEMES AND PAROEMIAS)
Authors: Yakymovych-Chapran Dariya
Published: July 2023

The article focuses on the study of lingua-cultural connotations of the лях (lyakh) ethnonym, which were isolated based on the inner form of Ukrainian set phrases using componential analysis. The noun лях (Pole) was documented in the monuments of the Ukrainian language dating back to the mid-14thcentury. In the language of the early Middle Ukrainian period, it formed a number of derivatives and was actively used as a synonym for полянинъ (Polianyn) (also documented in the late 14th century) until the second half of the 19thcentury. Phrasemes and paroemias with the лях component and other names containing the same semantic component (such as Pole, Polish, Mazurian, etc.) were analysed. The isolated connotative semes were classified into three blocks: 1) semes related to appearance and culinary preferences; 2) semes related to linguistic and worldview peculiarities; 3) semes related to behavioural characteristics. It was established that the most significant behavioural peculiarity in the formation of the lingua-cultural stereotype of the Pole for Ukrainians was expansiveness and proneness to conflict. It is this feature that is reflected in the micro texts of a third of all the paroemias studied. The analysis of the typical structure of the set phrases shows that a number of them are built on the opposition to or comparison with other peoples, primarily neighbours, in particular Ukrainians (appearing as русин (Rusyn) and мужик (muzhik) in the texts of the paroemias) and Russians (called москва (the Moscovian)), as well as Jews, whose compact settlements appeared in Ukraine and Poland in the medieval period. It is noteworthy that from an axiological point of view, only about half of the units contain an ironic or negative assessment; the rest are neutral or positive.
Key words: ethnonym, semantics, phraseme, paroemia, inner form, connotation, axiological component of meaning, linguistic world view.
Experimental Study of a Biomechanical Behaviour of Rat Patellar Tendon
Authors: S Fakhir , Abass Sadiq J. , Sadek Noor Ali
Published: July 2023

Tendon is important structure of the human body, since it can sustain tensile loading. The primary function of this tissue is to stabilize the joints they attached to it during daily activities. As well as, tendon has viscoelastic properties that can determine their response to loading and restrict the potential of injuries. One of the major points that this paper works with is the study of the biomechanical behaviour of tendon in response to tensile loading to describe their biological behaviour. Also, conclude the mathematical expression that may illustrate the tendon behaviour. All of the experiments were made in Physiology laboratories / Medical College/ Al- Nahrain University on ten rats "Rattus Norvegicus" of [108- 360] gm weight for in- vitro tensile test. So that 20 specimens were dissected from the rat knees, for the patellar tendons which always hydrated to prevent the tissue dryness. The results of the study, shows the behaviour of the tendon in response to tensile loading with two techniques; the dead loads technique and the continuous loads technique. The stress- strain relationships were also evaluated, as well as, the modified superposition theory was applied at different strain levels to the patellar tendon. The obtained results show that the modified superposition theory gives good results that are partly similar to the experimental results. Also, the tendon shows longer initial pattern than that for the ligament due to the presence of higher elastin content in the tendon than in the ligament.
Use of Gis for Creating a Project Management Data Base in Baghdad Al-Rissfa
Authors: Mohammed Sawsan Rasheed , Shaqate Ayad abdulamer
Published: July 2023

The main objective of resources management is to supply and support the site operation with necessary resources in a way to achieve the required timing in handing over the work as well as to achieve the cost-realism within the budget estimated. The research aims to know the advantage of using GIS in management of resources as one of the new tools that keep pace with the evolution in various countries around the world also collect the vast amount of spatial data resources in one environment easily to handled and accessed quickly and this help to make the right decision regarding management of resources in various construction projects. The process of using GIS in the management and identification of resources is of extreme importance in the process of planning, programming, management and cost of resources and  therefore a scientific follow-up cost and time to projects construction different as that fact indicates an urgent need to use new tools to help the process of projects within clear curriculum and assess the benefit of those Tools according to what is available in the same field As a result of the steps used in the application of research methodology it has been achieved to prove the benefit of using geographic information systems for better management and resource planning for various projects which help to reduce the duration of the project and help Italy national on the speed-up the execution and provides a new environment for the management of the vast quantity of spatial data in one place which make it easy to handle and to update. It is therefore necessary to develop a culture of management of construction projects and take advantage of the methods and techniques and modern ways in an attempt to catch up with progress in the field of Construction in the world
Replacement of Line Loads acting on slabs to equivalent uniformly Distributed Loads
Authors: Said AbdulMuttalibI , Obed Salah Rohaima , Ayez Salam Mreh
Published: July 2023

This study aims to derive a general relation between line loads that acting on two-way slab system and the equivalent uniformly distributed loads. This relation will be so useful to structural designer that are used to working with a uniformly distributed load and enable them to use the traditional methods for analysis of two-way systems (e.g. Direct Design Method). Two types of slab systems, Slab System with Beams and Flat Slab Systems, have been considered in this study to include the effect of aspect ratio and type of slab on the proposed relation. Five aspect ratios, l2/l1 of 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0, have been considered for both types of two-way systems. All necessary finite element analyses have been executed with SAFE Software. Data obtained from the F. E. analyses have been used in a statistical analysis using Statistic Software to derive the relation based on a Linear Regression Analysis.
Effect of Transverse Base Width Restraint on the Cracking Behavior of Massive Concrete
Authors: Ali Adnan Falih. , Al-Damluji Omar Al-Farouq , Al-Zuhairi Ala’a Hussein. A.
Published: July 2023

The effect of considering the third dimension in mass concrete members on its cracking behavior is investigated in this study. The investigation includes thermal and structural analyses of mass concrete structures. From thermal analysis, the actual temperature distribution throughout the mass concrete body was obtained due to the generation of heat as a result of cement hydration in addition to the ambient circumstances. This was performed via solving the differential equations of heat conduction and convection using the finite element method. The finite element method was also implemented in the structural analysis adopting the concept of initial strain problem. Drying shrinkage volume changes were calculated using the procedure suggested by ACI Committee 209 and inverted to equivalent temperature differences to be added algebraically to the temperature differences obtained from thermal analysis. Willam-Warnke model with five strength parameters is used in modeling of concrete material in which cracking and crushing behavior of concrete can be included. The ANSYS program was employed in a modified manner to perform the above analyses. A thick concrete slab of 1.5m in thickness and 10m in length was analyzed for different widths 2, 4, 8, and 10m to produce different aspect ratios (B/L) of 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.0 respectively. The results of the analyses show an increase in cracking tendency of mass concrete member as the aspect ratio of the same member is increased due to the effect of transverse base restraint. Accordingly, such effect cannot be ignored in the analysis of base restrained mass concrete structures subjected to temperature and drying shrinkage volume changes.
Removal of Boron from Simulated Iraqi Surface Water by Electrocoagulation Method
Authors: Salih Waleed M. , Alnasri Saadi K. , Al Abdalaali Ali Abdulameer
Published: July 2023

The removal of boron from aqueous solution was carried out by electrocoagulation (EC) using magnesium electrodes as anode and stainless steel electrodes as cathode. Several operating parameters on the removal efficiency of boron were investigated, such as initial pH, current density, initial boron ion concentration, NaCl concentration, spacing between electrodes, electrode material, and presence of carbonate concentration. The optimum removal efficiency of 91. 5 % was achieved at a current density of 3 mA/cm² and  pH = 7 using (Mg/St. St. ) electrodes, within 45 min of operating time. The concentration of NaCl was o. 1 g/l with a 0.5cm spacing between the electrodes. First and second order rate equation were applied to study adsorption kinetics. The adsorption process follows second order kinetic model with good correlation. The energy consumption was evaluated for the optimum operating conditions. It was in the range of 1.296 to 1.944 Kwh/m3 . The overall expected increase in the operating cost of water treatment using membrane desalination facility (for example) will be about 20%.
Surface Free Energy for the Evaluation of Asphalt Binder Stripping
Authors: Sarsam Saad Issa , Al – Azawee Esraa Thamer
Published: July 2023

Stripping is one of the major distresses within asphalt concrete pavements caused due to penetration of water within the interface of asphalt-aggregate matrix. In this work, one grade of asphalt cement (40-50) was mixed with variable percentages of three types of additives (fly ash, fumed silica, and phosphogypsum) to obtained an modified asphalt cement to resist the effect of stripping phenomena .The specimens have been tested for physical properties according to AASHTO. The surface free energy has been measured by using two methods namely, the wilhelmy technique and the Sessile drop method according to NCHRP-104 procedures. Samples of asphalt concrete using different asphalt cement and modified asphalt cement percentages(4.1,4.6 and 5.6) were prepared and tested for stripping phenomena by using Marshall Immersion method (The index of retained stability test(I.R.S) ≥75 %. When using Sessile drop method the value of surface free energy of asphalt cement grade (40-50) was about 8.8 ergs/cm2, while when using Wilhelmy technique the value of surface free energy of asphalt cement was 30.71 ergs/cm2. Finally, a mathematical relationship was obtained by using (SPSS) Software between the strippingasphalt concrete using conditioned and unconditioned specimens data (I.R.S) %, the contact angle, the total surface free energy for asphalt cement and modified asphalt cement with fume silica.
The Impact of Materials’ Technology on Sustainability of Buildings
Authors: LATIF ASEEL ABD- ALHALEEM , ALDIWANI HALA SHAMSI MOHAMMED
Published: July 2023

The evolution in materials’ technology in the last decades resulted in interesting projects that aimed at preserving the environment and energy and reduce pollution. They have been taken the principles of environmental design as a basis for architectural thought, starting from the early stages of the design process ending in choosing appropriate building materials to achieve sustainable buildings, but these trying are limited in our local environment and there isn’t demanded seriousness. The research problem emerges in the ignorance of the environmental aspect (ecological system) when selecting building materials during design process to achieve sustainable buildings. The aim of this research is revealing the mechanisms of selecting building materials to improve the functional performance and reduce the negative effects on the environment and preserve its resources and the ecological systems as much as possible according to the following indicators: Embodied energy, recycling, durability; to assist architects and specific engineers in making decisions that have a significant impact in achieving sustainable buildings in the local environment and the possibility of application in Iraq .
The Influence of Politics on Architectural Thought A Descriptive and Analytical Study of the Effect of Political Ideology on the Achieved Architecture (Berlin City as an Example)
Authors: ALOBAYDI DHIRGHAM MIZHER KAREEM
Published: July 2023

The research investigates the political effect and its directions on the architectural thoughts and its achievements and how can this political system affect all fields of life in communities including architectural urban design. The problem of the research lies in the ambiguity effects of the ideological national directions of the Nazi Party on the architecture and urban design of the city of Berlin, then determining the aims of the research to discuss the concepts of politics and architecture and their relation to the way of thinking that plays a role in the process of design that works on property and achieving the suitable urban environments for those communities. After that, the Nazi's party's thought would be studied and analyzed, its concepts, public beliefs and its relation with renewing the city of Berlin as an example, to finish with introducing the conclusions.
SOLUTION TO A SYSTEM OF NON-LINEAR FUZZY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION WITH GENERALIZED HUKUHARA DERIVATIVE VIA FIXED POINT THEOREM
Authors: BASİL Sushma , ANTONY Santhi
Published: July 2023

In this manuscript, we define a new class of control

functions classified as ascendant functions. Consequently, we furnish

a fuzzy coupled fixed point result, that is different from one available

in the literature, using the notion of simulation function; in follow, we

validate the result through a non-trivial example. As an inference, we

use the result to analyze the existence of a solution for a non-linear

system of fuzzy initial value problem involving generalized Hukuhara

derivative.
Finding the unseekable
Authors: Le Tam-Tri
Published: July 2023

I present some discussions about things that are findable but arguably not fully seekable.
Pemetaan Literatur, Penelitian Muhammadiyah Papua
Authors: Wekke Ismail Suardi
Published: July 2023

Sebuah pemetaan awal, untuk menjawab pertanyaan publikasi Muhammadiyah Papua. Sebagai pengantar dalam meneliti bersama terkait dengan topik Muhammadiyah Papua.
Menulis Disertasi: Lima Buka Rahasia Menyelesaikan Syarat Doktor
Authors: Wekke Ismail Suardi
Published: July 2023

Dua aktivitas di Turkiye, pertama menguji tahapan ujian tutup bimbingan disertasi. Kemudian diterukan dengan perjalanan ke Konya. Dimana di kota terebut bertemu dengan Prof. Onder, selingan percakapan juga terkait dengan disertasi dan penelitian.
Number of publications on new clinical prediction models: a systematic literature search
Authors: Arshi Banafsheh , Smits Luc J. , Wynants Laure , Cowley Laura Elizabeth , Reeve Kelly , Rijnhart Eline
Published: July 2023

In this prepreint we report the estimated the number of clinical prediction models (CPM) development articles available for all medical fields from 1995 until 2020 on the basis of a systematic search of literature.
Impact of Constructive Narratives About Climate Change on Learned Helplessness and Motivation to Engage in Climate Action
Authors: Said Nadia , Wölfl Vivien
Published: July 2023

Climate change is currently one of the most pressing challenges for humanity. This makes the developmentof effective strategies to mitigate climate change of utmost importance. One such strategy is to improve climate change communication especially with respect to increase the public's motivation to engage in climate action. While there has been increased reporting on climate change in recent years, news are dominated by the negative impacts of climate change rather than by solutions. Based on previous research, we assume that the standard way of reporting (problem instead of solution-focused) makes people feel more helpless about climate change and decreases motivation to engage in climate action. On the other hand, using constructive narratives (solution-focused) should decrease helplessness and increase motivation to engage inclimate action. To investigate our hypothesis, we conducted an experiment with N = 1359 participants (quota-based sample of the German population; age and gender). For our intervention, standard and constructive narratives were developed for two crucial climate change topics: energy transition and city development. Results showed that reading constructive narratives significantly decreased participants' helplessness ratings. Furthermore, a decrease in helplessness led to a higher motivation to act. Additionally, the impact of passive risk taking-tendencies on helplessness as well as motivation to act is discussed. Asconstructive narratives effectively reduced helplessness and increased motivation to act, they could supportclimate change mitigation by increasing climate action and thereby become a powerful tool within climate change communication.
Not Always a Music to the Ear: Exploring Why People with Social Anxiety Disorder Would Shun Positive Evaluation
Authors: Jin Ruining
Published: July 2023

While it is acknowledged that negative evaluations in a few cases can lead to mental distress, positive evaluations, in most cases, are music to the ear and therefore welcomed by a majority of people. However, there exists a group of people—to them, both positive and negative evaluations are burdensome [1]. They are the people with Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD).
Shattering Stereotypes: Exploring the Negative Image of Female Gamers and Their Coping Strategies
Authors: Jin Ruining
Published: July 2023

As the final of the female image trio, I would like to discuss female gamers’ negative image in the gaming community. By and large, gaming has been stereotypically considered a male-dominated domain, where women are generally considered less skilled or attention-seeking than men rather than having a genuine interest in gaming itself. As a result, female gamers have been stigmatized, so they have to deal with skepticism about their gaming abilities, misogynistic attitudes, harassing or belittling from male players. To cope with stigmatization, female gamers use different coping strategies based on their various identities. In particular, female gamers who are firmly committed to their identity are more likely to reject the negative stereotypes. Female gamers who are weakly committed to their identity are more likely to distance themselves from the identity altogether
The Usage of Mindsponge Theory for Explaining Experiences and the Quality of Hospital Care in Diabetic Vietnamese
Authors: SARI NI PUTU WULAN PURNAMA
Published: July 2023

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a global pandemic. The World Health Organization (WHO) reported that one in 20 Vietnamese adults has DM, and three times higher has a pre-diabetic condition [1]. DM is a chronic metabolic disorder that impacts all life aspects, such as physical, psychological, emotional, social, and spiritual. Hospitalization often occurs due to physical problems due to poor glycemic and metabolic control. If the patient needs to be hospitalized, more attention needs to be paid to the patient’s emotional responses to DM and health providers’ responsiveness toward such responses [2]. Tri et al. [3] explored the experiences and quality of hospital care of DM patients at a tertiary general hospital in southern Vietnam. Findings are useful for gaining positive treatment outcomes through DM patients’ improved engagement with and adherence to health providers’ instructions and treatments. Mindsponge Theory is flexible and widely applicable in various contexts related to the information-processing mechanism of the human mind [4,5]. Vuong and Napier [6] proposed the mindsponge mechanism, which explains knowledge processing as a series of steps involving filtering information, trusting and accepting the information, and entering it into one’s mindset. Tri et al. [3] employed the mindsponge theory to examine how health providers deliver information to DM patients to serve them in hospitals better. Understanding and applying mindsponge theory in clinical practice would help health providers to improve their communication methods at the individual and organizational levels.
Plastics in the deep sea – a global estimate of the ocean floor reservoir
Authors: Zhu Xia , Rochman Chelsea , Hardesty Britta Denise , Wilcox Chris
Published: July 2023

The exponential increase in plastic production coupled with variable global waste management system efficiencies has resulted in large amounts of plastic waste entering the ocean every year. Although we know millions of tonnes of plastic have entered the oceans, we do not yet understand the patterns of its accumulation across space nor the drivers of these patterns. The deep ocean is expected to be a resting place, or reservoir, for plastic pollution. Here, we conducted a rigorous, systematic review of previously published datasets to synthesize our understanding of macroplastic pollution (> 5 mm) on the ocean floor. Using extracted data, we built predictive additive models to estimate the amount and distribution of plastic on the ocean floor. We built two models: one using data from remote operated vehicles (ROVs) and another using data from bottom trawls. Using the model built with ROV data, which was better-constrained, we estimate that 3 to 11 million metric tonnes (MMT) of plastic pollution resides on the ocean floor as of 2020. This is of similar magnitude to annual inputs from land and one to two orders of magnitude greater than what is predicted to be floating on the ocean surface. To improve future estimates and our understanding of global patterns, we provide recommendations for ocean floor monitoring of plastic pollution.
Coherent subsiding structures in large eddy simulations of atmospheric boundary layers
Authors: Brient Florent , Couvreux Fleur , Rio Catherine , Honnert Rachel
Published: July 2023

Coherent structures are characterized in high-resolution simulations of three atmospheric boundary layers: dry convection, marine cumulus, and stratocumulus. Based on radioactive-decaying tracers emitted at different altitudes (surface, top of well-mixed layer, and cloud top), a object-oriented methodology allows individual characterization of coherent tridimensional plumes within the flow. Each boundary layer shows updraft structures surrounded by subsiding shells that have similar thermodynamical characteristics. Well-mixed downdrafts are located relatively close to updrafts and entrain dry, warm air from the free troposphere. Identified in all boundary layers, these subsiding structures are triggered by air mass convergence linked to updrafts' divergence and are thus part of an overturning circulation in well-mixed layers. Close to the surface, downdrafts' divergence constrain updrafts' locations and thus shape a mesoscale cellular organisation with cell sizes scaling with the boundary-layer height (aspect ratio of around 2).Active cumulus formation does not strongly perturb the spatial organisation of the sub-cloud well-mixed layer. The stratocumulus-topped boundary layer also shares similarities with the overturning circulation despite having condensation and cloud-radiation diabatic effects within the mixed layer. However, the visible mesoscale organisation of stratocumulus shows larger cells than the boundary-layer depth (aspect ratio > 10) that suggest deviations from the clear-sky conceptual view. The boundary-layer decoupling influences mass fluxes of coherent structures and thus potentially play a role in shaping the spatial organisation.Since well-mixed downdrafts contribute to a significant part of resolved flux of heat and moisture, our results suggest that downdraft properties in well mixed layers should be represented at the subgrid scale in climate models through non-local mass-flux parameterizations.
Assessing Social, Emotional, and Behavioral Skills in Just a Few Minutes: 96-, 45-, and 20- Item Short Forms of the BESSI
Authors: Sewell Madison Nicole , Yoon Heejun Roy , Lechner Clemens M. , Napolitano Christopher , Rammstedt Beatrice , Roberts Brent , Soto Christopher J.
Published: July 2023

Social, emotional, and behavioral (SEB) skills matter for individuals’ well-being and success. The Behavioral, Emotional, and Social Skills Inventory (BESSI) uses 192 items to assess 32 specific SEB skills across five broad skill domains (Soto et al., 2022). The present research developed three short forms of the BESSI-192 and explored their measurement properties, predictive validity, and cross-cultural comparability. We found that BESSI-96, BESSI-45, and BESSI-20 largely captured the psychological content of the BESSI-192 measure, retained a robust multidimensional structure, and demonstrated adequate reliability. At the domain and facet level, the BESSI short forms showed patterns of associations with external criteria that were similar to the BESSI-192 and preserved most of the BESSI-192’s predictive power. The BESSI short forms also demonstrated full or partial measurement invariance between the primarily US-based and German adult samples. We conclude by discussing contexts in which the short forms may be useful for researchers and practitioners.
Productive pluralism: the coming of age of ecological psychology
Authors: Bruineberg Jelle , Withagen Rob , van Dijk Ludger
Published: July 2023

The ecological approach to psychology has been a main antecedent of embodied and situated approaches to cognition and the concept of affordances in particular has gained currency throughout psychological science. Yet contemporary ecological psychology has seemed inaccessible to outsiders and protective of its legacy. Indeed, some prominent ecological psychologists have presented their approach as a “package deal”—a principled and unified perspective on perception and action. Looking at the history of the field, however, we argue that ecological psychology has developed in rich and pluriform ways. Aiming to open the field to critical engagement and productive exchange, we identify three major strands of thought within ecological psychology, each of which emerged in the 20 years after Gibson’s death: physical, biological and social ecological psychology. Each of these strands develop ecological ideas in quite different directions, making different use of some of its central concepts, and adopting different explanatory principles, embodying different philosophical worldviews. Proponents of the ecological approach have been arguing for pluralism within cognitive science to make room for ecological psychology. Given the diversity of the strands, we extend this plea to within ecological psychology itself; the field is better off aiming for a productive pluralism in which the different strands are in dialogue with each other.
Mindfulness and cognitive emotion regulation in pediatric misophonia
Authors: Spencer Samuel , Guzick Andrew Giles , Cervin Matti , Storch Eric A.
Published: July 2023

Misophonia is characterized by decreased tolerance of ordinary human-generated trigger sounds and associated visual stimuli (e.g., chewing, sniffing, lip smacking), coupled with intense affective reactions. The disorder often begins during childhood or adolescence and is associated with impairment and distress in numerous life domains. Research has begun to examine the underlying psychological mechanisms of misophonia in adults, but studies in youth are limited. Trait mindfulness (i.e., nonjudgmental and nonavoidant present-moment awareness) and cognitive emotion regulation (i.e., cognitive processing, or responding to, emotionally arousing situations) are two proposed mechanisms that may underpin pediatric misophonia and associated functional impairment. In the present exploratory cross-sectional study, we examined trait mindfulness and cognitive emotion regulation and their relations with misophonia features and adaptive functioning in 102 youth with misophonia (Mage = 13.7; SD = 2.5; range = 8 – 17). More severe misophonia was significantly associated with decreased levels of trait mindfulness and adaptive functioning across domains, in addition to deficits in certain facets of cognitive emotion regulation, particularly self-blame. Neither trait mindfulness nor facets of cognitive emotion regulation moderated the association between misophonia severity and adaptive functioning across domains, with the notable exception that difficulties with adaptive functioning in peer relationships was attenuated in those high in mindfulness. Findings suggest that trait mindfulness– and to a lesser extent cognitive emotion regulation– may be potentially relevant processes in pediatric misophonia. However, more research is needed to uncover the precise nature of these processes to aid future characterization and intervention efforts, especially in light of equivocal findings in the present study.
A Mindfulness-Based Intervention for Reducing Adolescent Depression and Anxiety Symptoms: A Study Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial in Kenya
Authors: Alemu Rediet Emebet Getnet , Kamere Joan , Baseke Rosine , Osborn Tom L , Wasanga Christine
Published: July 2023

Background: Depressive and anxiety symptoms significantly impact the well-being of African youth. This problem is compounded by limited access to appropriate mental health care services and societal stigma. In addressing this issue in Kenya, we employed the network approach to psychopathology to identity the most significant symptoms of depression and anxiety. These network analyses revealed self-blame and depressed mood in the depression network, as well as too much worry and uncontrollable worry in the anxiety network. Consequently, we identified mindfulness-based interventions, particularly the Learning to Breathe (L2B) program, as effective tools to mitigate these influential symptoms and potentially reduce the prevalence of overall depressive and anxiety symptoms. We adapted and modified the L2B program into the Shamiri Mindfulness Intervention, tailored for the Kenyan context. This pilot aims to assess the impact of the Shamiri Mindfulness Intervention on participants' mindfulness, depressive symptoms, and anxiety symptoms.Methods: We propose a randomized waitlist-controlled study to pilot the Shamiri Mindfulness Intervention among Kenyan Secondary School students. The intervention will consist of lessons, activities, and discussions aimed at enhancing participants' understanding and practice of mindfulness, specifically focusing on their thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. The pilot will involve four 1-hour sessions conducted weekly, with groups of 10-12 students led by local lay-providers trained by our team and supervised by clinical psychologists. Data will be collected at baseline, midpoint, endpoint, and one-month follow-up from all participants. Upon completion of data collection, participants in the waitlist condition will receive the Shamiri Mindfulness Intervention. Discussion: Positive findings from this study can serve as an impetus for conducting additional trials of school-based and lay-provider delivered mindfulness-based interventions in other African and low-to-middle-income settings. By further exploring these interventions, we can adapt and refine them to offer a valuable tool for enhancing youth mental health. This approach presents a low-cost, effective, and culturally appropriate alternative to traditional Western psychotherapy. The potential impact extends beyond the current study, as it contributes to the growing body of evidence supporting the implementation of mindfulness-based interventions in diverse contexts, ultimately benefiting young individuals facing mental health challenges worldwide.
Sticky Frames and What’s in a Name: Frames Stick to Particular Objects
Authors: Wang Yilin Andre , Liwag Melisse C. , Weltzien Katherine , Crowell Trevor , Ledgerwood Alison
Published: July 2023

A growing literature on sequential framing effects has documented a negativity bias: In many contexts, attitudes change less when framing switches from negative-to-positive (vs. positive-to-negative). However, it is unclear whether this negativity bias sticks to one attitude object or generalizes beyond it. Novel paradigms in two experiments yielded strong evidence for the first possibility and tentative evidence for the second: Switching to a different object (vs. same object) across timepoints reduced the negativity bias in reframing. In contrast, superficially rebranding an object (just changing its name) did not reduce negativity bias. The experiments also provide the first evidence that positive frames are somewhat sticky: A positive initial frame somewhat attenuated the impact of a negative subsequent frame on attitudes. The findings are consistent with the possibility that once an object is framed negatively or positively, that conceptualization sticks in the mind and resists subsequent reframing—especially for negative frames.
Transitions into home ownership: a quantitative assessment
Authors: Whelan Stephen , Atalay Kadir , Barrett Garry , Cigdem Melek , Edwards Rebecca
Published: July 2023

This research analyses the economic constraints on people’s ability to buy a home over the four decades from the early 1980s. It analyses how home ownership has evolved over time; considers demand subsidies provided to first homebuyers; and examines the support from other family for first homebuyers.Home ownership rates for people aged 30 have fallen from a high of 65 per cent among those born in the late 1950s to around 45 per cent among those born in the 1980s. This development reflects a range of social, demographic and economic influences. Coinciding with the decline in housing affordability, successive cohorts of Australians have entered home ownership at lower rates at any given age. Younger cohorts that experience lower levels of home ownership at ages 30–34 years do exhibit some catch-up over time—in other words, home ownership rates of that group as they age approach the home ownership rates of older cohorts. However, that catch-up remains incomplete: after 10 years, less than half of the gap at age 30–34 years has closed, and between two-thirds and three-quarters of the gap is closed after 20 years. This means that as individuals reach retirement age, it is likely that home ownership rates will be lower than in earlier generations.As house prices have increased, this has led to substantial increases in the housing wealth of existing home owners—especially older home owners. Coupled with financial innovations that allow households to draw on housing equity, parental transfers—both inheritances and financial gifts—appear to have become one of the key enablers of the transition into home ownership.
Scandal as Moral Interaction: Towards A New Perspective on the Publicization of Organizational Misconduct
Authors: Jourdan Julien
Published: July 2023

Scandals regularly sweep through organizational fields: they wreak havoc in markets, vaporize billions of dollars in firm value, bring down giant corporations, get CEOs fired, alter the evolution of technologies, and trigger major changes in society. In spite of their significance for organizational life, scandals have received remarkably limited attention in management research. I build on the social sciences’ sparse but growing stream of research on scandals to explore the concept beyond its usual representation as a discrete event. I propose that an organizational scandal may be understood as an interactional process associated with the disclosure of alleged organizational misconduct that involves: a public struggle between alleged perpetrators and social control agents over the framing of organizational misconduct; moralizing by audience members; collective effervescence at the societal level; and the potential rewriting of the moral rules applicable to organizations and their members.
The Integration Paradox: A Review and Meta-Analysis of the Complex Relationship between Integration and Reports of Discrimination
Authors: Schaeffer Merlin , Kas Judith
Published: July 2023

Social science research has produced evidence of an ‘integration paradox’: immigrants and their descendants who appear to have greater access to mainstream middle-class society, as indicated by their education or labor market success, often report experiencing more discrimination. Several explanations have been put forth to account for this counterintuitive pattern, supported by a wealth of empirical evidence. To assess the reliable insights generated by this line of research, this article presents a review and meta-analytic analysis of the integration paradox. The article reviews the major theoretical arguments advanced in literature, and derives crucial hypotheses concerning the phenomenon’s overall nature, underlying mechanisms, and two key moderating conditions. Specifically, it discusses how factors like better education, which appear to signal improved integration into mainstream society, may also lead to greater exposure to mainstream members, heightened familiarity with exclusionary public discourse, or a heightened risk of downward social mobility. By increasing cognitive susceptibility to framing experiences in terms of discrimination or simply the opportunities to encounter discrimination, these mechanisms are expected to increase reports of discrimination. To test these propositions, the study summarizes and evaluates 280 statistical estimates published in 42 studies, utilizing recent developments in multilevel meta-analysis. The findings support the credibility of the integration paradox, particularly for immigrant minorities who are easily distinguishable from the mainstream and for those who reside in countries with a more open socio-political context of reception. However, the results also suggest that additional research is needed to fully comprehend the underlying mechanisms of the paradox.
University Rankings in the Context of Research Evaluation: A State-of-the-Art Review
Authors: Kochetkov Dmitry
Published: July 2023

Initially created as a marketing and benchmarking tool, global university rankings have evolved into a part of research evaluation and policy initiatives. Governments around the world, concerned about the low rankings of national universities, have launched numerous excellence initiatives in higher education. The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the literature on the use of university rankings in research evaluation and excellence initiatives. A systematic review of the literature on rankings in the context of research evaluation and excellence initiatives was performed. The majority of the review is based on English-language sources, but the review also covers literature from Russia, where the role of rankings is emphasized by their mention in the title and goal of the policy project 5top100. Besides, the review also includes gray literature. The general academic consensus is that rankings cannot be used in research assessment, though a few authors have a positive or neutral attitude. The literature reveals a lot of issues such as technical and methodological flaws, biases of different nature including bias towards research in evaluation of both universities and individual researchers, conflicts of interest, and risks to national identity. However, we must acknowledge the complexity of rejecting rankings.
Masculinity Contest Cultures and Inclusive Cultures: Insights From an Agent-Based Model of Organizational Socialization and Promotion
Authors: Meluso John , Bagrow James , Hebert-Dufresne Laurent , Razzante Robert
Published: July 2023

Organizational cultures often produce inequitable experiences for their members despite significant efforts. But recent scholarship on Masculinity Contest Cultures (MCCs) and Inclusive Cultures (ICs) holds potential to explain why barriers still stymie the organizational advancement of marginalized groups (as with the “glass ceiling”). Drawing on systems theory, this work examines how these two cultures spread in organizations by simulating the processes of socialization and promotion via an agent-based computational model. Varying the hiring pools for different organizations from inclusive to contest-oriented revealed that inclusiveness emerged as self-reinforcing in all but organizations with the most contest-oriented hiring pools. In contrast, hiring pools socialized into hegemonic masculinity made organizations more likely to resist inclusiveness, showing potential to evolve into MCCs in productivity-oriented, hierarchical organizations which are likely products of hegemonic masculinity themselves. Furthermore, organizations tended to see greater cultural change in higher ranks of the organizational hierarchy than in lower ranks, regardless of the more-prevalent culture. Such cultural stratification demonstrates the challenge in transforming the culture of every organizational level toward inclusiveness without further study of how organizational cultures spread.
Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika melalui Model Pembelajaran Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) Berbasis Media Manipulatif
Authors: Damayanti Putri , Sangila Muhammad Syarwa , Agus Imaludin
Published: July 2023

This study aims to improve student learning outcomes in mathematics by applying the Realistic Mathematics Education learning model based on manipulative media in grade IV SD Negeri 04 Wolasi. This type of research is classroom action research. The subjects were 20 students in grade IV SD Negeri 04 Wlasi. The classroom action research design used. The Kemmis and Taggart model which includes planning, action, observation, and reflection. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, tests, and documentation. The data analysis used descriptive quantitative and qualitative statistics. The results showed that the application of the Realistic Mathematics Education learning model based on manipulative media in Mathematics learning could improve the learning outcomes of fourth-grade students of SD Negeri 04 W0lasi. The improvement of student learning outcomes 35% with an average value of 52.8 in Pre Action Phase, 65% with an average value of 64.75 in cycle I, 90% with an average value of 74.75 in cycle II , and 100% with an average value of 77.4 in cycle III. The increase in student learning outcomes from pre-action to cycle I was 85.71%, cycle I to cycle II was 38.46%, and cycle II to cycle III was 11.11%.Keywords: Mathematics learning outcomes, realistic mathematics education, elementary school