bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A new damage-based failure criterion for nonlinear behavior of fibrous composite materials
Authors: Abu-Farsakh GA , Odeh IN
Published: May 2023

In the present paper, a novel combined damage-based failure criterion is being proposed for predicting failure stresses in unidirectional fibrous composite laminas or laminates having a nonlinear material behavior. The present model incorporates the effect of a quantitative damage factor on the final stresses at failure. This is achieved through a new term called the quantitative directional damage-index (QDD-I) which assesses the contribution and effectiveness of damage in each principal material direction on the present failure criterion. From the QDD-I, it is proved that the principal material-direction with a linear or nonlinear stress-strain behavior showed a quantitative damage response on the proposed failure criterion. In a composite lamina, the contribution of fiber-damage and matrix transverse-damage are proved to have minor effects on the failure criterion, while in-plane shear-damage has the major effect. In order to verify the suitability and applicability of the criterion, results are tested using various theoretical and experimental data available from the literature. Furthermore, the model is compared with other failure criteria under both uniaxial and biaxial loading cases from a worldwide comparison, which showed reasonable accuracy and good agreement. Three types of fibrous composite materials are used; Graphite/Epoxy 4617/Modmore-II, Carbon/Epoxy AS4/3501-6, and Boron/Epoxy Narmco 5505.
How You Rate Depends on Who Investigates: Partisan Bias in ABA Ratings of US Courts of Appeals Nominees, 1958–2020
Authors: Sieja James A.
Published: May 2023

Recent work on the federal judicial nominations process finds relationships between nominees’ characteristics, such as partisanship and gender, and American Bar Association (ABA) ratings. While the findings inform public debate about ABA involvement in the nomination, the studies do not take into account the characteristics of the individuals who investigate the nominees. This study adds investigator partisanship to understand more completely the relationship between nominees and their ABA ratings. The results indicate that the Standing Committee on the Federal Judiciary (SCFJ) investigators’ partisanship contribute systematically to a nominee’s likelihood of receiving a higher or lower ABA rating. The probability that a Republican nominee receives the highest rating does not vary with the investigator’s partisanship. Democratic nominees, however, have the highest chance of the top rating after an SCFJ investigation led by a co-partisan. An analysis of matched data from the whole dataset reproduces the basic pattern of results, while the implementation of matching to partisan subgroups of nominees uncovers that both parties may benefit roughly equally from investigations led by co-partisans.
Blended Heparin: A new Perspective to Guarantee the Supply of a Life-Saving Drug?
Authors: Guerrini Marco
Published: May 2023

The risk of heparin shortage opens up the possibility of diversifying the sources of heparin by introducing products of other animal/organ origins. In addition to bovine heparin, already used in the past in the United States and Europe, ovine heparin can become another alternative to the widely used pig source. It is therefore appropriate to compare the anticoagulant activity of pig heparin with that of products of different animal origin and to verify whether blended heparin obtained from different sources can give rise to anticoagulant effects comparable to those of heparin of a single origin.
COVID-19 Vaccination Among Skilled Nursing Facility Staff: Challenges and Strategies Identified by Administrators
Authors: Gadbois Emily A. , Brazier Joan F. , Meehan Amy , Madrigal Caroline , White Elizabeth M. , Rafat Aseel , Grabowski David , Shield Renee R.
Published: May 2023

COVID-19 vaccinations are critical for mitigating outbreaks and reducing mortality for skilled nursing facility (SNF) residents and staff, yet uptake among SNF staff varies widely and remains suboptimal. Understanding which strategies are successful for promoting staff vaccination, and examining the relationship between vaccination policies and staff retention/turnover is key for identifying best practices. We conducted repeated interviews with SNF administrators at 3-month intervals between July 2020 and December 2021 ( n = 156 interviews). We found that COVID-19 vaccines were initially met with both enthusiasm and skepticism by SNF staff. Administrators reported strategies to increase staff vaccine acceptance, including incentives, one-on-one education, and less stringent personal protective equipment requirements. Federal and state vaccination mandates further promoted vaccine uptake. This combination of mandates with prioritization of the vaccine by SNFs and their leadership was successful at increasing staff vaccination acceptance, which may be critical to increase staff booster uptake from its current suboptimal levels.
Year in Review 2022: Noteworthy Literature in Cardiothoracic Critical Care
Authors: Alber Sarah , Tanabe Kenji , Tregear Hans , Hennigan Andrew , Gilliland Samuel
Published: May 2023

The past year in critical care medicine was notable for ongoing sequelae of the COVID-19 pandemic, including nationwide shortages and critical care demand in many regions in excess of usual operating capacity. Despite these challenges, evidence-based medicine and investigations into the optimal management of the critically ill continued to be at the forefront. This article is a collection of studies published in 2022 which are specifically relevant to cardiothoracic critical care. These noteworthy publications add to the existing literature across a broad spectrum of topics, from optimal timing of mechanical circulatory support (MCS), delirium prevention, updates in nutrition guidelines, alternative defibrillation techniques, novel ventilator management, and observing the downstream psychological impact of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) therapy.
Understanding the Role of Social Media Content in Brand Loyalty: A Meta-Analysis of User-Generated Content Versus Firm-Generated Content
Authors: Tyrväinen Olli , Karjaluoto Heikki , Ukpabi Dandison
Published: May 2023

The enormous growth of social media has increased interest in this platform among marketers and marketing academics. However, the previous literature has not provided a clear consensus regarding the influence of social media content on consumers’ brand loyalty. The meta-analysis presented in this article integrates results from 223 independent samples, with a total of 97,709 respondents. The study synthesizes previous research to develop a conceptual framework around the dimensions of brand loyalty (cognitive, affective, and conative loyalty), user-generated and firm-generated social media content attributes, and the moderating effects of contextual characteristics and control variables. Selected content attributes (information quality, information credibility, information usefulness, positive emotions, interactivity, and self-congruity) emerged as triggers in social media for dimensions of brand loyalty. Specifically, the authors show that the impact of the attributes on the brand loyalty dimension is stronger for firm-generated content than for user-generated content for most of the relationships. The results indicate that these effects are dependent on contextual characteristics (e.g., low involvement vs. high involvement, hedonic vs. utilitarian, nondurable vs. durable, Human Development Index, and social media platform). The contributions to theory and managerial implications of these findings are discussed, and future research directions are developed.
Effect of Buffalo Milk Consumption on the Growth of 10 to 12 years Old Schoolgirls in Magdalena, Laguna, Philippines
Authors: Samson Marivic S , Barba Corazon VC , Africa Leila S , Aguilar Juliet S , Paunlagui Merlyene M , Rola Agnes C , Vigilla-Montecillo Kristine R. , Saludes Thelma A , Barrio Arnel N Del
Published: May 2023

Background:

Milk contains essential nutrients that help can improve the growth and development of adolescent girls.

Objectives:

The study determined the effect of milk consumption on the nutritional status of schoolgirls ages 10 to 12 years old in Magdalena, Laguna, Philippines.

Methodology:

A quasi-experimental study design was used to determine the impact of daily consumption of 200 ml buffalo milk on the prevalence of undernutrition among the 57 schoolgirl participants before and after 160 days. One sample t-test and paired t-test were used to compare the actual and expected total increment and monthly changes in the height and body mass index (BMI) of the participants, while a one-way analysis of variance was used to compare the actual total changes in height and BMI by age. Factors that are correlated with these measurements were identified based on Spearman’s correlation coefficients.

Results:

The percentage of stunting (31.6%-22.8%) and thinness (21.1%-15.8%) decreased after the milk feeding. Significant differences were observed in the means of total actual and expected changes in height ( P < .00) and BMI ( P < .00). While there were significant differences in the means of actual and expected monthly changes in height every month, this was only observed in the first 2 months for BMI. Only the mean actual changes in height had significant differences when compared by age ( P = .04). Lastly, the age and education of the father were found to be correlated with the height of the schoolgirls.

Conclusion:

Buffalo milk consumption can improve the growth outcomes of schoolgirls
Paraduodenal Pancreatitis: A Case Report
Authors: Imrani Kaoutar , Moatassim Billah Nabil , Nassar Ittimade
Published: May 2023

Pancreatitis of the groove, or paraduodenal pancreatitis, is a rare form of chronic segmental pancreatitis, located between the head of the pancreas, the inner wall of the duodenum, and the common bile duct. Alcohol abuse is misoften found in the history. The diagnosis is made on the basis of CT and MRI data. Clinical signs usually regress under symptomatic medical treatment. The main differential diagnosis is pancreatic carcinoma, which sometimes requires surgical exploration. We report the case of a 51 years old man presenting paraduodenal pancreatitis with heterotopic pancreas revealed by epigastric pain.
Primary Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Pancreas From a Large Cyst: A Case Report
Authors: Chao Ling-Jui , Chuang Yi-Ting , Shiao Chih-Chung , Lai Hsien-Yung
Published: May 2023

Pancreatic squamous cell cancer (PSCC) is a rare and aggressive form of pancreatic cancer that has a poor prognosis. The 5-year survival rate for PSCC is estimated to be approximately 10%, and the median overall survival time is 6 to 12 months. Treatment options for PSCC include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, but the outcomes are usually not very favorable. The outcomes depend on the stage of the cancer and the patient’s overall health and response to treatment. The optimal management remains early diagnosis and surgical resection. We present a rare case of PSCC with spleen invasion, which arises from a large cyst with eggshell calcification, the patient was treated by surgical resection of the tumor and adjuvant chemotherapy. This case report emphasizes the necessity of regular follow for pancreatic cyst.
Lived rhythms as a ground for togetherness and learning in hybrid workspace
Authors: Vesala Hanne
Published: May 2023

Using Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s theory of the flesh as rhythm, this article examines how lived dynamics between embodiment and space construct distinct modes of togetherness and learning in working life. Workspaces are becoming increasingly hybrid collections of various physical and virtual spaces. Contemporary workspace ideals embrace openness and a collective ‘buzz’, but this can also be disorientating. This article examines how different spaces could be combined to create spatial rhythms that balance collective working and learning with more silent types of understanding and reflexivity. The article suggests that we need both intimate and open spaces, as well as transitional spaces in between, to nurture learning and togetherness. First, spatial withdrawal can help people to connect with their earlier work history and dreams, sustaining openness of perception. Second, rhythmic movements between different spaces create a transitional experience of different worlds overlapping and a fertile condition for immediate communities. The article suggests that both approaches to space can assist in opening personal registers that are often suppressed: imagination and lived past. This article illuminates how reflexively created hybrid spaces can support personal grounding, spur learning opportunities and actualise novel modes of being together.
Perspectives on the History and Future of the Australian and New Zealand Marketing Academy (ANZMAC)
Authors: Bove Liliana , Murphy Andrew
Published: May 2023

This special issue presents a collection of viewpoints from senior members of the Australian and New Zealand Marketing Academy (ANZMAC), including individual Fellows and past and present members of the Executive Committee, which expand on the history, current state and potential future directions of the Academy. In this editorial we summarise four major challenges for the Academy as identified by the intersection of contributions to this special issue, and member discussions arising from special sessions at the 2021 and 2022 ANZMAC conferences. We end with current initiatives and work-in-progress that the Academy has embarked upon to address these challenges.
Long-term mechanical ventilation and transitions in care: A narrative review
Authors: Xiao Lena , Amin Reshma , Nonoyama Mika Laura
Published: May 2023

Objectives

Individuals dependent on long-term mechanical ventilation (LTMV) for their day-to-day living are a heterogenous population who go through several transitions over their lifetime. This paper describes three transitions: 1) institution/hospital to community/home, 2) pediatric to adult care, and 3) active treatment to end-of-life for ventilator-assisted individuals (VAIs).

Methods

A narrative review based on literature and the author’s collective practical and research experience. Four online databases were searched for relevant articles. A manual search for additional articles was completed and the results are summarized.

Results

Transitions from hospital to home, pediatric to adult care, and to end-of-life for VAIs are complex and challenging processes. Although there are several LTMV clinical practice guidelines highlighting key components for successful transition, there still exists gaps and inconsistencies in care. Most of the literature and experiences reported to date have been in developed countries or geographic areas with funded healthcare systems.

Conclusions

For successful transitions, the VAIs and their support network must be front-and-center. There should be a coordinated, systematic, and holistic plan (including a multi-disciplinary team), life-time follow-up, with bespoke consideration of jurisdiction and individual circumstances.
Interventions to Prevent and Respond to Violence Against Justice-Involved Young Women: A Scoping Review
Authors: Willoughby Melissa , Janca Emilia , Kwon Sohee , Johnston Bianca , Collins Tamlynn , Kinner Stuart A. , Johns Diana , Gallant David , Glover-Wright Clare , Borschmann Rohan
Published: May 2023

Young women who have had contact with the criminal justice system (justice-involved young women) have an increased risk of being a victim of violence. However, no reviews have synthesized the evidence on interventions to prevent or respond to violence against justice-involved young women. We conducted a scoping review to identify interventions designed to prevent or respond to violence against justice-involved young women. We searched Medline, Criminal Justice Abstracts, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for peer-reviewed and gray literature published in English from January 1, 2000 until March 23, 2021. Consistent with the public health approach to violence, we included primary, secondary, and tertiary interventions. Excluding duplicates, our search returned 5,603 records, 14 of which met our inclusion criteria. We narratively synthesized the included studies, all of which were conducted in the United States. Most included studies examined a tertiary intervention ( n = 10), and few examined a primary (n = 2) or secondary ( n = 2) intervention. Across the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tools, the percentage of items met ranged from 0% to 78%. There was some limited evidence that tertiary interventions that included cognitive behavioral therapy reduced the mental health impacts of violence victimization among justice-involved young women. There was little evidence on primary and secondary interventions. Effective and evidence-based interventions to prevent violence victimization and revictimization against justice-involved young women remains a critical gap in knowledge.
Role of Adipose Derived Stem Cells in Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcers: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials
Authors: Elsharkawi Mohamed , Ghoneim Baker , O’Sullivan Miriam , Lowery Aoife J. , Westby Daniel , Tawfick Wael , Walsh Stewart R
Published: May 2023

Few studies to date have investigated the role of adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) in patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). We aimed to conduct a systematic search of the literature to explore the available evidence behind ADSCs application in patients with DFU to establish if it has any added benefit regarding healing rate and healing time in this cohort of patients. The PubMed and Embase databases were searched for eligible studies. Only randomised controlled trials which investigated the impact of ADSCs alone on the healing of DFU were considered eligible and were included for the review. Reported healing rates, time to healing and procedure related complications were collected and analysed. The initial search resulted in 160 papers. Following duplicate removal, 131 papers were screened for eligibility. Only four trials met the study criteria and were included for the final review and analysis. 97 out of 189 patients who were included in the four studies received ADSCs for treatment of DFU whereas the remaining 92 patients received standard measures (control). The median participant age was 62, predominantly male (72.5%). Complete healing was achieved in 83.5% (n  =  81) of patients in the ADSC group compared to 52% (n  =  48) for patients in the control group at 12 months (OR = 4.8, 95%CI  =  2.25 to 10.24, P < 0.0001). Mean healing time in the ADSC group ranged from 31 to 85 days whereas mean healing time in the control group ranged from 42 to 85 days (Pooled weighted mean difference  =  -10.832856, 95%CI  =  -22.44 to 0.77, P  =  0.0673). No significant procedure related complications were reported in either group. The use of ADSCs in patients with DFU appears to demonstrate improved healing rates. The procedure of ADSC harvest and administration appears to be safe based on the initial reports. Large, randomised trials are needed to establish its role in patients with diabetic foot wounds.
Challenges With Using Transformative Mixed Methods Research Among Vulnerable Populations: Reflections From a Study Among US-resettled Refugees
Authors: Bletscher Caitlin G. , Galindo Sebastian
Published: May 2023

The present methodological discussion describes and reflects on the challenges with decisions made at the planning, implementation, and closure phases of a transformative mixed methods research study aimed at exploring the social connectedness of Burmese, Congolese, Iraqi, and Somali resettled refugees and their perceptions of well-being and belongingness. Although the field of mixed methods research calls for advancement in advocacy, participation, and innovation, little research provides clear guidance in this process. Therefore, this article contributes to the field by providing tangible recommendations to direct mixed methods researchers in their work with vulnerable, cross-cultural populations, promoting a transformative approach to scholarship with vulnerable populations that creates innovative research alongside the community, appropriately representing and empowering participant voices.
Flow diversion jet: A dangerous mechanism in the flow diversion treatment of giant intracranial aneurysms
Authors: Brake Aaron , Fry Lane , Heskett Cody , De Stefano Frank A , Lei Catherine , Ebersole Koji
Published: May 2023

Background

Cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome (CHS) occurs after the restoration of blood flow to a previously low-flow, low-pressure region of the cerebral vasculature, which subsequently responds with chronic compensatory vasodilation, leading to a dysregulated state. Sudden restoration of normal blood flow can overwhelm the vasculature leading to intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). Separately, the Windkessel phenomenon describes the capacity for elastic vessels to expand with systolic pressure and decompress with diastole, thereby suppressing distal pulse pressure. We encountered a case involving giant basilar aneurysms in which we believe the Windkessel phenomenon precipitated a catastrophic manifestation of CHS at treatment.

Observation

We present a 60-year-old female found to have marked dolichoectasia of the right cervical internal carotid, vertebral, and basilar arteries concurrent with two large vertebrobasilar dissecting-type fusiform aneurysms. Managed conservatively for ten years before developing gait ataxia, new imaging revealed dramatic interval growth of the larger aneurysm. Flow diversion with partial coiling of the aneurysms was pursued. The patient suffered intra-procedural catastrophic thalamic and midbrain hemorrhage with intraventricular extension. A meticulous review of the case data was undertaken. Our findings suggest that giant aneurysms can act as a Windkessel reservoir, depressing the distal pulse pressure. Flow diversion bypasses the reservoir, increasing the distal pulse pressure beyond the autoregulatory capacity, resulting in ICH analogous to CHS.

Lessons

CHS and Windkessel phenomenon can contribute to catastrophic sequelae in the treatment of giant intracranial aneurysms with flow diversion. Awareness of this mechanism can protect future patients from harm.
A comprehensive review of the epidemiology and clinical features of 91 cases with Buerger’s disease
Authors: Modaghegh Mohammad Hadi Saeed , Kamyar Mohammad Mahdi , Shafiei Ali , Shariatmaghani Somayeh Sadat , Saremi Elena , Sadeghipour Kermani Fatemeh
Published: May 2023

Background

Thromboangiitis Obliterans (TAO) is a disease of small and medium-sized arteries with an unclear natural course. This study aims to establish a national registry of the disease to gain a better understanding of its epidemiology and clinical course.

Method

This study was a cohort study of 242 patients with a high probability of TAO admitted to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS) hospitals from 2000 to 2015. Of these, 91 patients with a confirmed diagnosis were included in the study (90 males and 1 female) with a mean age of 35 ± 7.8 years.

Results

The most common symptom upon onset of the disease was paresthesia (29.7%), followed by cold sensitivity and paresthesia (93.4%) during the progression of the disease and Raynaud syndrome or vasospasm (93.9%) in the active phase. The right lower limb was the most commonly affected limb (46.2%), and presenting ischemic symptoms in 48.4%. Statistics indicated a positive correlation between the duration of Burger’s disease and the number of affected limbs ( p = 0.001). There was no effect of disease duration on the likelihood of amputations ( p = 0.28).

Conclusion

Some patients may experience mild, subtle symptoms for years before the initial signs and symptoms appear, which can be severe and rapidly progress to the point of requiring amputation. We suggest that the diagnostic criteria for Buerger’s disease should be revised in light of the presence of atherosclerosis and its associated risk factors, which present a challenge in terms of diagnosis and treatment. Clinical experience will be of great importance in this regard.
Does stroke-associated pneumonia play an important role on risk of in-hospital mortality associated with severe stroke? A four-way decomposition analysis of a national cohort of stroke patients
Authors: Gittins Matthew , Lobo Chaves Marco Antonio , Vail Andy , Smith Craig J
Published: May 2023

Background:

Severe strokes and stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) have long been associated with poorer patient health outcomes, for example, in-hospital mortality. However, it is unclear what role SAP plays in the risk of in-hospital mortality associated with a severe stroke at admission.

Methods:

Using the Sentinel Stroke National Audit Program data on stroke admissions (2013–2018) in England and Wales, we modeled the “total” effect for severe stroke on risk of in-hospital mortality. Through four-way decomposition methodology, we broke down the “total” observed risk into four components. The direct “severity on outcome only” effect, the pure indirect effect of severity mediated via SAP only, the interaction between severity and SAP when mediation is not present, and when mediation via SAP is present.

Results:

Of 339,139 stroke patients included, 9.4% had SAP and 15.6% died in hospital. Of SAP patients, 45% died versus 12% of non-SAP patients. The risk ratio for in-hospital mortality associated with severe versus mild/moderate stroke (i.e. total effect) was 4.72 (95% confidence interval: 4.60–4.85). Of this, 43%-increased risk was due to additive SAP interaction, this increased to 50% for “very severe” stroke. The remaining excess relative risk was due to the direct severity on outcome effect only, that is, there was no evidence here for a mediation effect via SAP.

Conclusion:

SAP was associated with a higher mortality in severe stroke patients. Prioritizing SAP prevention in severe stroke patients may improve in-hospital survival. Our results suggest that in severe stroke patients avoiding SAP might result in an up to 43% reduction in mortality.
How functional movement variability facilitates successful skill adaptation during the volleyball attack
Authors: Caldeira Paulo , Paulo Ana , Veloso António , Infante Jorge , Davids Keith , Araújo Duarte
Published: May 2023

From an ecological dynamics perspective, careful manipulation of task constraints can provide opportunities for action, exploited by functional movement variability of participants. The constraints-led approach (CLA) induces functional movement variability in practice designs, supporting athlete performance in satisfying task constraints and finding performance solutions to achieve intended task goals. Young male volleyball players were randomly assigned to either a traditional approach (TA) or CLA practice group. Selected spatial-temporal movement coordination variables were recorded, to explore their relations to successful performance outcomes in the attacking phase. Binomial logistic regression was used to verify the association of spatial-temporal movement variables with the percentage of successful attacks. Six spatial-temporal variables were included, and a manual backward stepwise regression was used to remove those which did not contribute to the best predictive model of successful performance. After a 6-week intervention programme, the CLA practice group displayed a significantly higher percentage of successful attack actions, when facing the opposition block. The TA group showed a small increase in successful attack actions after the intervention. The final binomial logistic regression model revealed that the variables ‘lateral deviation of the participants’ centre of mass’ at the planting step and ‘longitudinal deviation of the participants’ centre of mass’ at point of ball contact were the main predictors of successful attacking outcomes. To overcome the opposition's block in volleyball, infusing functional variability in a CLA task design, promoted superior performance in practice. Presumably, greater movement pattern variability emerged in participants to satisfy performance constraints in successful volleyball attacks.
“Train as you play”: Improving effectiveness of training in youth soccer players
Authors: Deuker Albert , Braunstein Bjoern , Chow Jia Yi , Fichtl Maximilian , Kim Hyoek , Körner Swen , Rein Robert
Published: May 2023

Purpose

The present study investigates to what extend de-contextualized practice is necessary to acquire technical skills in developmental soccer training. Typically, open play is considered beneficial for acquiring tactical skills, whereas specific drills are used to support the development of technical skills like passing and shooting. Therefore, a field-based study was designed to investigate the effectiveness of a Nonlinear Pedagogy (NP) approach in contrast to a classical Deliberate Practice approach to improve passing performance in young developmental soccer players.

Method

Forty young male players (age 10 ± 1 years) were randomly assigned to three groups (PLAY, PRACTICE, and CONTROL). The PRACTICE group performed classical passing drills, whereas the PLAY group underwent a NP training regime. Passing skill was assessed before and after a 5-week training program using a standardized passing test according to the German Football Association. Additional retention testing was performed 5 weeks later.

Results

The results indicated that, although the test design showed no specificity to the learning environment of the PLAY group, both groups improved passing skills after training, but the PLAY group displayed better results during retention testing (PRACTICE: p = 0.004, d = 0.48; PLAY: p = 0.001, d = 0.53) compared to the PRACTICE group. These findings are suggestive of general transfer learning in dynamic learning environments.

Conclusion

The findings indicate that even when there is an emphasis on “technical skill” enhancement, more effective improvement in young development players may be observed through dynamic learning environments. Consequently, this study encourages coaches to design training regimes that afford players to train as they play.
When feminists became ‘extremists’: A corpus-based study of representations of feminism on Weibo
Authors: Bao Kai
Published: May 2023

This article presents an analysis of the evolving representations of feminism on Weibo, China’s foremost microblogging platform, employing a corpus-based methodology. The self-compiled corpus comprised 334,871 feminism-related posts from 2019 to 2022. Using the Sketch Engine corpus analysis tool, noun bigrams containing 女权 ( feminism) were extracted, categorized, and compared to discern the portrayals and their transformations. The findings revealed a significant shift in feminism’s depiction, with an increased emphasis on its radical and aggressive aspects, and a decline in its portrayal as a quest for female privilege. During this period, the perception of feminism as an emerging social movement expanded, and the distinction between various forms of feminism and feminists based on different attributes became more prevalent, resulting in a marginally reduced representation of them as a unified entity. This research enriches the existing literature by emphasizing the dynamic portrayals of feminism on China’s social media and offering novel insights into its assessment.
Scapulothoracic tenodesis using hamstring tendon graft for treatment of problematic scapula winging: A new surgical technique
Authors: Gokaraju Kishan , Mahmoud Ahmed , Williams Daniel , Duke Phillip FR , Ross Mark
Published: May 2023

Introduction

Winging of the scapula occurs due to dysfunction of its stabilising muscles, most commonly serratus anterior and/or trapezius, for example in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy. Resultant loss of scapular control and abnormal kinematics can decrease shoulder function due to glenohumeral joint instability, loss of range of motion and pain. Previously described treatment for cases resistant to physiotherapy includes scapulothoracic arthrodesis which involves risk of non-union and metalwork failure, as well as reduced respiratory function due to immobilisation of a segment of the adjacent chest wall.

Technique

We present a novel surgical approach to the management of problematic scapular winging by using hamstring graft to achieve a scapulothoracic tenodesis.

Discussion

We believe this technique provides an adequately stable scapula for improved shoulder movement and function, a sufficiently mobile chest wall for improved lung function and avoidance of complications specifically associated with arthrodesis.
Bioavailability of Flavonoids in Ginkgo biloba Extract-γ-Cyclodextrin Complex
Authors: Moriwaki Masamitsu , Tominaga Etsuko , Kito Kento , Nakagawa Ryo , Kapoor Mahendra P. , Matsumiya Yoshiki , Fukuhara Tomohisa , Kobayashi Junya , Satomoto Kensuke , Yamagata Hiroshi , Kuroiwa Yuichi
Published: May 2023

Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) is an essential herbal supplement for diverse health perspectives. The present study aims to improve the oral bioavailability of GBE flavonoids. We formulated the GBE flavonoids-cyclodextrin (GBE-CD) complex by reacting GBE flavonoids with naringinase in the presence of γ-cyclodextrin (CD) using a patented method. The results showed an enhanced bioavailability of quercetin (QCT), kaempferol (KAE), and isorhamnetin (ISR) after β-glucuronidase catalysis of flavonoid glucuronide conjugates in plasma after GBE-CD (25 μmol/kg as QCT equivalence) administration, that was 5.4, 6.1, and 10.4-folds, respectively, compared to GBE administration (25 μmol/kg as QCT equivalence) in Sprague–Dawley rats. In summary, the GBE inclusion into the γ-CD cavity is found suitable to improve oral bioavailability and could be applicable to several health benefits and disease prevention.
Assessing Spatial User Experience for Design Guidelines: A Comparative Study of Outpatient Waiting Rooms With Conventional Versus Modern Features
Authors: Juliá-Nehme Begoña , Yoon So-Yeon , Cumsille Patricio , Rodríguez Eugenio
Published: May 2023

Objectives:

Identify waiting room design features that are most appreciated by outpatients and their companions in conventional and modern waiting rooms. Evaluate if end users evaluate the environment differently from experts and in what aspects. Provide evidence-based design guidelines that orient designers and healthcare managers.

Background:

Built environments are relevant in patients’ evaluation of overall healthcare service. For outpatients, waiting frequently consumes the largest amount of time; thus, waiting room interior design has great potential to enhance their experience.

Methods:

This study compares perceptions of two types of waiting rooms—conventional and modern—based on the spatial user experience (SUE) model. In the first stage of the study, we compared user evaluations of conventional waiting rooms ( n = 137) and modern waiting rooms ( n = 426) with respect to the eight SUE model dimensions using multigroup structural equation modeling. In the second stage, an expert ergonomist and two professional interior designers assessed both types of waiting rooms.

Results:

Results showed that modern waiting rooms were perceived to be significantly better in all SUE dimensions. We also found experts’ evaluations were overall consistent with users’ perceptions. Discrepancies were only found in temperature perception, signage evaluation, and spatial appreciation.

Conclusions:

Participants valued modern style waiting room features such as good quality signage, use of armchairs and sofas, a controlled environment, and decoration. We suggest involving end users in the design process to respond to their needs and promote a positive experience. Finally, we provide easy-to-adopt design guidelines to improve patients’ waiting room experience.
Understanding Post-occupancy Evaluation Processes for Public Healthcare Facilities in Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Blanch Shari , Frazer Annabel
Published: May 2023

Objective:

The following research paper seeks to explore how post-occupancy evaluations (POEs) are undertaken in the nine health jurisdictions across Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand and investigate if the process can be strengthened to better inform healthcare design and investment.

Background:

Healthcare expenditure in both nations is increasing, and the rigorous evaluation of healthcare facilities can provide evidence to improve their return on investment. A POE is a research method used to undertake this analysis, usually 12 months after a facility has been occupied. There is limited information available about how POEs are undertaken in each jurisdiction, and there has never been research conducted to understand these processes across the region.

Methods:

Focus groups were conducted with participants from the government health organization in each jurisdiction to collect qualitative data regarding various aspects of POE processes and barriers to undertaking POEs.

Results:

Only five of the nine jurisdictions undertake POEs on healthcare facilities (with varied frequencies), and there is no standardized framework in use. However, every jurisdiction does undertake a “benefits realization” process. There is limited involvement of external consultants in POEs or benefits realization processes. POE benchmarks should be established at project commencement, and POE results should then inform future projects. Top-down support is required for POEs to occur.

Conclusions:

The primary conclusion is that strengthening any evaluation process requires a nuanced approach in each jurisdiction to account for their unique context and challenges. Regular rigorous evaluations are required to feed results into the Australasian Health Facility Guidelines and encourage innovative facility design.
Improving Access to Specialist Palliative Care for Patients With Catastrophic Strokes Using Best Practice Advisory- a Feasibility Study
Authors: Nagpal Vandana , Osgood Marcey L. , Reidy Jennifer , Healy Rose , Silver Brian
Published: May 2023

Background and Purpose

The American Heart Association and American Stroke Association (AHA/ASA) strongly recommend specialty palliative care (PC) for all patients hospitalized with life-threatening or life-altering strokes to provide expert symptom management, improve communication, promote shared decision-making and relieve suffering. We piloted an intervention to remind physicians about high PC needs of their patients admitted with catastrophic stroke.

Methods

We worked with colleagues from medical informatics to create a “Best Practice Advisory” (BPA) to recommend a goals-of-care conversation and PC consultation for patients with a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score of 20 or more in our electronic medical record (Epic). We evaluated the impact of this BPA, after implementation, on the number and timing of PC consults and reviewed barriers to this system change.

Results

The BPA was operational in Jan 2019. Data analysis showed that it fired for all patients with an entered NIHSS score of ≥20. Though a large portion of the BPAs (more than 90%) were acknowledged without documented reason (after selecting “do not order”), PC consultations per 100 patients with triggered BPA increased from the first year of implementation (11.7 in 2019) to the next 2 years (20.7 in 2020, 15.6 in 2021). Also, the providers learned to manage BPA alerts better resulting in more than 30% reduction in the number of BPA alerts fired for each patient encounter in 2020-2021 compared to 2019.
Influence of social bots in information warfare: A case study on @UAWeapons Twitter account in the context of Russia–Ukraine conflict
Authors: Li Qian , Liu Qian , Liu Shaoqiang , Di Xinyue , Chen Siyu , Zhang Hongzhong
Published: May 2023

During the Russia–Ukraine conflict, social media has become an outlet for public opinion; therefore, besides the hot war, information warfare is also taking place. It was discovered that a large number of new social bot accounts had emerged on Twitter since the outbreak of the conflict. In particular, the Twitter account @UAWeapons has grown its following by hundreds of thousands in fewer than 30 days and has established itself as an influential opinion leader. Through data mining and three different analysis methods, this study investigated how social bots grew to influence public opinion. Specifically, time-series analysis revealed an unusual pattern of “pulsing” changes in the number of tweets posted by @UAWeapons over time. The content analysis illustrated that the account posted biased tweets in favor of Ukraine under the guise of being a neutral messenger, which led to frequent retweets from social bots with similar opinions. Finally, the results of the social network analysis indicated that @UAWeapons’ rapid growth might be attributed to a strategy of network clustering implemented by a core group of social bot accounts.
Endometriosis patients’ experiences of the counseling they need from the nurses through the digital care pathway: A qualitative descriptive study
Authors: Remes Anna , Hakala Mervi , Oikarinen Anne
Published: May 2023

Endometriosis is a chronic disease associated with severe, life-impacting pain symptoms and impaired fertility that can affect relationships, sexuality, family life, social relationships, and working life. The aim of the present study was to describe endometriosis patients’ experiences of the counseling they need from the nurses through the digital care pathway. A qualitative descriptive study was conducted; 14 Finnish women with endometriosis were interviewed. Content analysis revealed four main categories related to counseling provided through the digital care pathway: counseling on endometriosis and its role in life; counseling on how to live with endometriosis; comprehensive support for self-care; and patient-oriented counseling. Nurses should provide counseling at different stages of the disease, because the symptoms of endometriosis can change rapidly in a short period of time, and these are the moments when the patient needs support and advice from the nurses. The digital care pathway can provide reliable information to patients at the right time of disease progression. The study was planned and reported using the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research Checklist.
How was the Taliban 2.0 in Afghanistan seen in Pakistan?
Authors: Akram Muhammad , Mohamad Dania , Arshad-Ayaz Adeela
Published: May 2023

The Taliban 2.0 in Afghanistan took the world by surprise. This article investigates how this event was seen differently in varied contexts, such as neighboring Pakistan. Our research shows epistemological pluralism in Pakistan, i.e. how different groups use different ways of knowing (epistemology), being (ontology), and valuing (axiology) to explain and analyze Taliban 2.0. Conceptually, the paper draws on insights from the relationality theory to demonstrate the reasons behind such epistemological pluralism. The theory of relationality provides the grounds for epistemological pluralism, i.e. the mixed sentiments and feelings among respondents about the Taliban 2.0 in Afghanistan. Our research reports the perspectives of nine selected civil society activists about Taliban 2.0 in Afghanistan and its implications for Pakistan. The respondents were interviewed during the second quarter of the Taliban administering Afghanistan. Some called it the victory of Islam, the freedom of Afghans from foreign occupation, and the protection of the Pakistani border from Indian proxies. Others were worried about the risks of increased extremism and terrorism in Pakistan, including the rise of banned organizations like Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan. This study intends to document the interviewee civil society activists’ suggestions to the State of Pakistan for dealing with Taliban-ruled Afghanistan.
Impact of Pharmacist Integration Into Primary Care on Reimbursement for Hospital Follow-Up Visits
Authors: Meier Mackenzi , Simpson Grace , Patel Megha , Keedy Chelsea A.
Published: May 2023

Background:

The financial and clinical impact of transitional care management (TCM) outcomes through pharmacist integration within primary care is not well described.

Objectives:

The primary objective of this study was to determine the financial impact of pharmacist conducted post-discharge phone calls. The secondary objectives included readmission rates and number of interventions.

Methods:

A computer-generated list identified patients discharged from St. Joseph’s/Candler Health System (SJ/C) with a listed primary care provider within the SJ/C Primary Care Medical Group at Eisenhower from November 1, 2019 to April 30, 2020. Eligible patients who received a post-discharge phone call from a pharmacist were compared to those who received a call by another staff member. Data was collected regarding the financial impact of pharmacist conducted post-discharge phone calls. Readmission rates and medication related interventions were also assessed.

Results:

There were 104 patients discharged meeting criteria. Twenty-four patients were contacted by a pharmacist resulting in 20 subsequent hospital follow up appointments scheduled with the provider. Total amount billed for those appointments was $4220 (average of $211 per visit). Twenty-five calls were made by non-pharmacist staff with 23 appointments scheduled. Total amount billed for those appointments was $2445 (average of $106 per visit). Increased reimbursement was generated by a qualifying 2-way communication by the pharmacist as outlined by Center for Medicaid and Medicare Services enabling providers to bill for a TCM visit versus standard office visit. Pharmacists made 33 clinical interventions including medication reconciliation, medication procurement, referrals, lab orders, and education. One intervention was made by non-pharmacist staff. The 30-day readmission rate for pharmacist contacted patients was 8% versus 12% for non-pharmacist contacted patients.

Conclusions:

Pharmacist involvement in TCM while integrated into a primary care office is previously not well described. This data highlights an opportunity for pharmacists to demonstrate sustainability and improved outcomes related to TCM.