bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Down-regulation of GATA1-dependent erythrocyte-related genes in the spleens of mice exposed to a space travel
Authors: Horie Kenta , Sasanuma Hiroki , Kudo Takashi , Fujita Shin-ichiro , Miyauchi Maki , Miyao Takahisa , Seki Takao , Akiyama Nobuko , Takakura Yuki , Shimbo Miki , Jeon Hyojung , Shirakawa Masaki , Shiba Dai , Yoshida Nobuaki , Muratani Masafumi , Takahashi Satoru , Akiyama Taishin
Published: May 2019

Secondary lymphoid organs are critical for regulating acquired immune responses. The aim of this study was to characterize the impact of spaceflight on secondary lymphoid organs at the molecular level. We analysed the spleens and lymph nodes from mice flown aboard the International Space Station (ISS) in orbit for 35 days, as part of a Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency mission. During flight, half of the mice were exposed to 1 g by centrifuging in the ISS, to provide information regarding the effect of microgravity and 1 g exposure during spaceflight. Whole-transcript cDNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis of the spleen suggested that erythrocyte-related genes regulated by the transcription factor GATA1 were significantly down-regulated in ISS-flown vs. ground control mice. GATA1 and Tal1 (regulators of erythropoiesis) mRNA expression was consistently reduced by approximately half. These reductions were not completely alleviated by 1 g exposure in the ISS, suggesting that the combined effect of space environments aside from microgravity could down-regulate gene expression in the spleen. Additionally, plasma immunoglobulin concentrations were slightly altered in ISS-flown mice. Overall, our data suggest that spaceflight might disturb the homeostatic gene expression of the spleen through a combination of microgravity and other environmental changes.
Anatomical Variation of the Tibia – a Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Quintens Liselore , Herteleer Michiel , Vancleef Sanne , Carette Yannick , Duflou Joost , Nijs Stefaan , Sloten Jos Vander , Hoekstra Harm
Published: May 2019

Conventional anatomically contoured plates do not adequately fit most tibiae. This emphasizes the need for a more thorough morphological study. Statistical shape models are promising tools to display anatomical variations within a population. Herein, we aim to provide a better insight into the anatomical variations of the tibia and tibia plateau. Seventy-nine CT scans of tibiae were segmented, and a principal component analysis was performed. Five morphologically important parameters were measured on the 3D models of the mean tibial shapes as well as the −3SD and +3 SD tibial shapes of the first five components. Longer, wider tibiae are related to a more rounded course of the posterior column, a less prominent tip of the medial malleolus, and a more posteriorly directed fibular notch. Varus/valgus deformations and the angulation of the posterior tibia plateau represent only a small percentage of the total variation. Right and left tibiae are not always perfectly symmetrical, especially not at the level of the tibia plateau. The largest degree of anatomical variation of the tibia is found in its length and around the tibia plateau. Because of the large variation in the anatomy, a more patient-specific approach could improve implant fit, anatomical reduction, biomechanical stability and hardware-related complications.
Comprehensive transcriptome analysis and functional characterization of PR-5 for its involvement in tomato Sw-7 resistance to tomato spotted wilt tospovirus
Authors: Padmanabhan Chellappan , Ma Qiyue , Shekasteband Reza , Stewart Kevin S. , Hutton Samuel F. , Scott John W. , Fei Zhangjun , Ling Kai-Shu
Published: May 2019

Tomato spotted wilt tospovirus (TSWV), one of the most important plant viruses, causes yield losses to many crops including tomato. The current disease management for TSWV is based mainly on breeding tomato cultivars containing the Sw-5 locus. Unfortunately, several Sw-5 resistance-breaking strains of TSWV have been identified. Sw-7 is an alternative locus conferring resistance to a broad range of TSWV strains. In an effort to uncover gene networks that are associated with the Sw-7 resistance, we performed a comparative transcriptome profiling and gene expression analysis between a nearly-isogenic Sw-7 line and its susceptible recurrent parent (Fla. 8059) upon infection by TSWV. A total of 1,244 differentially expressed genes were identified throughout a disease progression process involving networks of host resistance genes, RNA silencing/antiviral defense genes, and crucial transcriptional and translational regulators. Notable induced genes in Sw-7 include those involved in callose accumulation, lignin deposition, proteolysis process, transcriptional activation/repression, and phosphorylation. Finally, we investigated potential involvement of PR-5 in the Sw-7 resistance. Interestingly, PR-5 overexpressed plants conferred enhanced resistance, resulting in delay in virus accumulation and symptom expression. These findings will facilitate breeding and genetic engineering efforts to incorporate this new source of resistance in tomato for protection against TSWV.
Birth weight is not causally associated with adult asthma: results from instrumental variable analyses
Authors: Zeng Ping , Yu Xinghao , Zhou Xiang
Published: May 2019

The association between lower birth weight and childhood asthma is well established. However, it remains unclear whether the influence of lower birth weight on asthma can persist into adulthood. We conducted a Mendelian randomization analysis to assess the causal relationship of birth weight (~140,000 individuals) on the risk of adult asthma (~62,000 individuals). We estimated the causal effect of birth weight to be 1.00 (95% CI 0.98~1.03, p = 0.737) using the genetic risk score method. We did not observe nonlinear relationship or gender difference for the estimated causal effect. With the inverse-variance weighted method, the causal effect of birth weight on adult asthma was estimated to be 1.02 (95% CI 0.84~1.24, p = 0.813). Additionally, the iMAP method provides no additional genome-wide evidence supporting the causal effects of birth weight on adult asthma. Our results were robust against various sensitivity analyses, and MR-PRESSO and MR-Egger regression showed that no instrument outliers and no horizontal pleiotropy were likely to bias the results. Overall, our study provides no evidence for the fetal origins of diseases hypothesis for adult asthma, implying that the impact of birth weight on asthma in years of children and adolescents does not persist into adult and previous findings may be biased by confounders.
Comb-rooted multi-channel synthesis of ultra-narrow optical frequencies of few Hz linewidth
Authors: Jang Heesuk , Kim Byung Soo , Chun Byung Jae , Kang Hyun Jay , Jang Yoon-Soo , Kim Yong Woo , Kim Young-Jin , Kim Seung-Woo
Published: May 2019

We report a multi-channel optical frequency synthesizer developed to generate extremely stable continuous-wave lasers directly out of the optical comb of an Er-doped fiber oscillator. Being stabilized to a high-finesse cavity with a fractional frequency stability of 3.8 × 10−15 at 0.1 s, the comb-rooted synthesizer produces multiple optical frequencies of ultra-narrow linewidth of 1.0 Hz at 1 s concurrently with an output power of tens of mW per each channel. Diode-based stimulated emission by injection locking is a key mechanism that allows comb frequency modes to sprout up with sufficient power amplification but no loss of original comb frequency stability. Channel frequencies are individually selectable with a 0.1 GHz increment over the entire comb bandwidth spanning 4.25 THz around a 1550 nm center wavelength. A series of out-of-loop test results is discussed to demonstrate that the synthesizer is able to provide stable optical frequencies with the potential for advancing diverse ultra-precision applications such as optical clocks comparison, atomic line spectroscopy, photonic microwaves generation, and coherent optical telecommunications.
Climate impacts on long-term silage maize yield in Germany
Authors: Peichl Michael , Thober Stephan , Samaniego Luis , Hansjürgens Bernd , Marx Andreas
Published: May 2019

In this study, we examine the impacts of climate change on variations in the long-term mean silage maize yield using a statistical crop model at the county level in Germany. The explanatory variables, which consider sub-seasonal effects, are soil moisture anomalies for June and August and precipitation and temperature for July. Climate projections from five regional climate models (RCMs) are used to simulate soil moisture with the mesoscale Hydrologic Model and force the statistical crop model. The results indicate an average yield reduction of −120 to −1050 (kilogram/hectare)/annum (kg ha−1 a−1) for the period 2021–2050 compared to the baseline period 1971–2000. The multi-model yield decreases between −370 and −3910 kg ha−1 a−1 until the end of the century (2070–2099). The maximum projected mean loss is less than 10% in magnitude of average yields in Germany in 1999–2015. The crop model shows a strong ability to project long-term mean yield changes but is not designed to capture inter-annual variations. Based on the RCM outcomes, July temperature and August soil moisture anomalies are the main factors for the projected yield anomalies. Furthermore, effects such as adaptation and CO2 fertilization are not included in our model. Accounting for these might lead to a slight overall increase in the future silage maize yield of Germany.
Adjacent intact nociceptive neurons drive the acute outburst of pain following peripheral axotomy
Authors: Chen Zhiyong , Wang Tao , Fang Yehong , Luo Dan , Anderson Michael , Huang Qian , He Shaoqiu , Song Xiaodan , Cui Huan , Dong Xinzhong , Xie Yikuan , Guan Yun , Ma Chao
Published: May 2019

Injury of peripheral nerves may quickly induce severe pain, but the mechanism remains obscure. We observed a rapid onset of spontaneous pain and evoked pain hypersensitivity after acute transection of the L5 spinal nerve (SNT) in awake rats. The outburst of pain was associated with a rapid development of spontaneous activities and hyperexcitability of nociceptive neurons in the adjacent uninjured L4 dorsal root ganglion (DRG), as revealed by both in vivo electrophysiological recording and high-throughput calcium imaging in vivo. Transection of the L4 dorsal root or intrathecal infusion of aminobutyrate aminotransferase inhibitor attenuated the spontaneous activity, suggesting that retrograde signals from the spinal cord may contribute to the sensitization of L4 DRG neurons after L5 SNT. Electrical stimulation of low-threshold afferents proximal to the axotomized L5 spinal nerve attenuated the spontaneous activities in L4 DRG and pain behavior. These findings suggest that peripheral axotomy may quickly induce hyperexcitability of uninjured nociceptors in the adjacent DRG that drives an outburst of pain.
Dissimilarity-driven behavior and cooperation in the spatial public goods game
Authors: Fang Yinhai , Benko Tina P. , Perc Matjaž , Xu Haiyan
Published: May 2019

In this paper, we explore the impact of four different types of dissimilarity-driven behavior on the evolution of cooperation in the spatial public goods game. While it is commonly assumed that individuals adapt their strategy by imitating one of their more successful neighbors, in reality only very few will be awarded the highest payoffs. Many have equity or equality preferences, and they have to make do with an average or even with a low payoff. To account for this, we divide the population into two categories. One consists of payoff-driven players, while the other consists of dissimilarity-driven players. The later imitate the minority strategy in their group based on four different dissimilarity-driven behaviors. The rule that most effectively promotes cooperation, and this regardless of the multiplication factor of the public goods game, is when individuals adopt the minority strategy only when their payoff is better than that of their neighbors. If the dissimilarity-driven players adopt the minority strategy regardless of the payoffs of others, or if their payoff is the same, the population typically evolves towards a neutral state where cooperators and defectors are equally common. This may be beneficial when the multiplication factor is low, when defectors would otherwise dominate. However, if the dissimilarity-driven players adopt the minority strategy only when their payoff is worse than that of their neighbors, then cooperation is not promoted at all in comparison to the baseline case in the absence of dissimilarity-driven behavior. We explore the pattern formation behind these results, and we discuss their wider implications for the better understanding of cooperative behavior in social groups.
Author Correction: Rapid de novo assembly of the European eel genome from nanopore sequencing reads
Authors: Jansen Hans J. , Liem Michael , Jong-Raadsen Susanne A. , Dufour Sylvie , Weltzien Finn-Arne , Swinkels William , Koelewijn Alex , Palstra Arjan P. , Pelster Bernd , Spaink Herman P. , van den Thillart Guido E. , Dirks Ron P. , Henkel Christiaan V.
Published: May 2019

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.
Author Correction: Surfactant/organic solvent free single-step engineering of hybrid graphene-Pt/TiO2 nanostructure: Efficient photocatalytic system for the treatment of wastewater coming from textile industries
Authors: Ghouri Zafar Khan , Elsaid Khaled , Abdala Ahmed , Al-Meer Saeed , Barakat Nasser A. M.
Published: May 2019

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.
Author Correction: The MFS efflux pump EmrKY contributes to the survival of Shigella within macrophages
Authors: Pasqua Martina , Grossi Milena , Scinicariello Sara , Aussel Laurent , Barras Frédéric , Colonna Bianca , Prosseda Gianni
Published: May 2019

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.
Non-enzymatic hydrogen sulfide production from cysteine in blood is catalyzed by iron and vitamin B6
Authors: Yang Jie , Minkler Paul , Grove David , Wang Rui , Willard Belinda , Dweik Raed , Hine Christopher
Published: May 2019

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) plays important roles in metabolism and health. Its enzymatic generation from sulfur-containing amino acids (SAAs) is well characterized. However, the existence of non-enzymatic H2S production from SAAs, the chemical mechanism, and its biological implications remain unclear. Here we present non-enzymatic H2S production in vitro and in blood via a reaction specific for the SAA cysteine serving as substrate and requires coordinated catalysis by Vitamin B6, pyridoxal(phosphate), and iron under physiological conditions. An initial cysteine-aldimine is formed by nucleophilic attack of the cysteine amino group to the pyridoxal(phosphate) aldehyde group. Free or heme-bound iron drives the formation of a cysteine-quinonoid, thiol group elimination, and hydrolysis of the desulfurated aldimine back to pyridoxal(phosphate). The reaction ultimately produces pyruvate, NH3, and H2S. This work highlights enzymatic production is inducible and robust in select tissues, whereas iron-catalyzed production contributes underappreciated basal H2S systemically with pathophysiological implications in hemolytic, iron overload, and hemorrhagic disorders.
Ultrafast Relativistic Electron Nanoprobes
Authors: Ji F. , Durham D. B. , Minor A. M. , Musumeci P. , Navarro J. G. , Filippetto D.
Published: May 2019

One of the frontiers in electron scattering is to couple ultrafast temporal resolution with highly localized probes to investigate the role of microstructure on material properties. Here, taking advantage of the high average brightness of our electron source, we demonstrate the generation of ultrafast relativistic electron beams with picometer-scale emittance and their ability to probe nanoscale features on materials with complex microstructures. The electron beam is tightly focused at the sample plane by a custom in-vacuum lens system, and its evolution around the waist is accurately reconstructed. We then use the focused beam to characterize a Ti-6 wt% Al polycrystalline sample by correlating the diffraction and imaging modality, showcasing the capability to locate grain boundaries and map adjacent crystallographic domains with sub-micron precision. This work provides a paradigm for ultrafast electron instrumentation, enabling characterization techniques such as relativistic ultrafast electron nano-diffraction and ultrafast scanning transmission electron microscopy.
Breathing new life into old antibiotics: overcoming antibacterial resistance by antibiotic-loaded nanogel carriers with cationic surface functionality
Authors: Weldrick Paul J. , Iveson Sammi , Hardman Matthew J. , Paunov Vesselin N.
Published: May 2019

We demonstrate that nanogel carriers for tetracycline and lincomycin coated with a biocompatible cationic polyelectrolyte can overcome the antibiotic resistance against a range of wound isolated pathogens.
An amorphous MoSx modified g-C3N4 composite for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution under visible light
Authors: Li Xia , Wang Bo , Shu Xia , Wang Dongmei , Xu Guangqing , Zhang Xinyi , Lv Jun , Wu Yucheng
Published: May 2019

An MoSx/g-C3N4 composite photocatalyst was successfully fabricated by a sonochemical approach, where amorphous MoSx was synthesized using a hydrothermal method, and g-C3N4 nanosheets were produced using a two-step thermal polycondensation method.
Contraction of polymer gels created by the activity of molecular motors
Authors: Bacca Mattia , Saleh Omar A. , McMeeking Robert M.
Published: May 2019

We propose a theory based on non-equilibrium thermodynamics to describe the mechanical behavior of an active polymer gel created by the inclusion of molecular motors in its solvent.
Ru passivated and Ru doped ε-TaN surfaces as a combined barrier and liner material for copper interconnects: a first principles study
Authors: Kondati Natarajan Suresh , Nies Cara-Lena , Nolan Michael
Published: May 2019

A study of Cu adatoms on Ru passivated and Ru doped ε-TaN to highlight their potential barrier and liner properties for copper interconnects.
Selective and rapid detection of mercury ion based on DNA assembly and nicking endonuclease-assisted signal amplification
Authors: Liu Junling , Liu Liping , Chen Jun , Wang Tianchen , Xu Yuzhi , Dai Zong , Zou Xiaoyong
Published: May 2019

An I-shaped DNA assembly structure coupled with endonuclease-assisted isothermal amplification strategy was constructed for sensitive and fast detection of Hg(ii).
A novel cyclometallated iridium(iii) complex based dual-mode phosphorescent probe for detection of acidity and bovine serum albumin
Authors: Chen Qixiang , Sheth Sujitraj , Zhao Yuan , Song Qijun
Published: May 2019

A novel phosphorescent iridium(iii) cyclometallated complex synthesized, characterized, and applied for detection of acidic pH ratiometrically and bovine serum albumin.
Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) counters osteoarthritis by regulating intracellular cholesterol levels and membrane fluidity of degenerated chondrocytes
Authors: Arai Yoshie , Choi Bogyu , Kim Byoung Ju , Rim Wongyu , Park Sunghyun , Park Hyoeun , Ahn Jinsung , Lee Soo-Hong
Published: May 2019

TUDCA promote the chondrogenic properties of osteoarthritic chondrocytes at submicellar concentrations by reducing the intracellular cholesterol and increasing membrane fluidity.
Fundamental crystal field excitations in magnetic semiconductor SnO2: Mn, Fe, Co, Ni
Authors: Leedahl B. , McCloskey D. J. , Boukhvalov D. W. , Zhidkov I. S. , Kukharenko A. I. , Kurmaev E. Z. , Cholakh S. O. , Gavrilov N. V. , Brinzari V. I. , Moewes A.
Published: May 2019

Modelling the crystal field excitations of dopants in SnO2 is essential to understand how they can be used to tune the host material's properties.
Anomalous kinetics of the reaction between OH and HO2on an accurate triplet state potential energy surface
Authors: Liu Yang , Bai Mengna , Song Hongwei , Xie Daiqian , Li Jun
Published: May 2019

The quasi-classical trajectory predicts the rate coefficient of the OH + HO2→ H2O + O2reaction based on a full dimensional accurate PIP-NN PES, which is fit to 108 000 points calculated at the CCSD(T)-F12a/AVTZ level.
Exploring membrane organization at varying spatiotemporal resolutions utilizing fluorescence-based approaches: implications in membrane biology
Authors: Sarkar Parijat , Chattopadhyay Amitabha
Published: May 2019

Representative experimental approaches based on dynamic fluorescence microscopy to analyze organization and dynamics of membrane lipids and proteins.
Electronic structure and high-temperature thermochemistry of BaZrO3−δperovskite from first-principles calculations
Authors: Ghose Krishna K. , Bayon Alicia , Hinkley Jim , Page Alister J.
Published: May 2019

Accurate first-principles calculations predict electronic structure and high-temperature thermochemical properties of oxygen-deficient BaZrO3.
Catalytic consequences of platinum deposition order on cobalt-based Fischer–Tropsch catalysts with low and high cobalt oxide dispersion
Authors: Fratalocchi Laura , Lietti Luca , Visconti Carlo Giorgio , Fischer Nico , Claeys Michael
Published: May 2019

In this study, the effect of the presence of Pt in supported Co-based Fischer–Tropsch catalysts is investigated.
Hierarchical MFI type zeolites with intracrystalline macropores: the effect of the macropore size on the deactivation behaviour in the MTO reaction
Authors: Weissenberger Tobias , Reiprich Bastian , Machoke Albert G. F. , Klühspies Katharina , Bauer Jürgen , Dotzel Ralf , Casci John L. , Schwieger Wilhelm
Published: May 2019

Hierarchical MFI zeolites with differently sized macropores were synthesised and a correlation between the macropore diameter and catalyst lifetime was found.
Indium thiospinel In1−x□xIn2S4 – structural characterization and thermoelectric properties
Authors: Wyżga Paweł , Veremchuk Igor , Himcinschi Cameliu , Burkhardt Ulrich , Carrillo-Cabrera Wilder , Bobnar Matej , Hennig Christoph , Leithe-Jasper Andreas , Kortus Jens , Gumeniuk Roman
Published: May 2019

Structural disorder induced by β↔α polymorphic transformation strongly affects electronic and thermal transport in indium thiospinel.
Actinyl-cation interactions: experimental and theoretical assessment of [Np(vi)O2Cl4]2− and [U(vi)O2Cl4]2− systems
Authors: Bjorklund Jennifer L. , Pyrch Mikaela M. , Basile Madeline C. , Mason Sara E. , Forbes Tori Z.
Published: May 2019

Interactions between the Li+ cation and the neptunyl(vi) oxo observed in both solid state and aqueous solutions.
A comparison study on polysaccharides extracted from Fructus Mori using different methods: structural characterization and glucose entrapment
Authors: Chen Chun , Wang Ping-ping , Huang Qiang , You Li-Jun , Liu Rui Hai , Zhao Mou-ming , Fu Xiong , Luo Zhi-Gang
Published: May 2019

The characteristics and hypoglycemic and antioxidant activities of mulberry fruit polysaccharides obtained by the hot water (MFPh)-, ultrasonic (MFPu)-, acid (MFPc)- and alkali (MFPa)-assisted extraction methods were investigated.
Effect of a balanced nutrition meal replacement diet with altered macromolecular composition along with caloric restriction on body weight control
Authors: Lu Tsong-Ming , Chiu Hui-Fang , Chen Yi-Mei , Shen You-Cheng , Han Yi-Chun , Venkatakrishnan Kamesh , Wang Chin-Kun
Published: May 2019

The prevalence of obesity and its related metabolic syndrome (MetS) has shown an upsurge in recent years due to modified lifestyle patterns.
The anti-skin-aging effect of oral administration of gelatin from the swim bladder of Amur sturgeon (Acipenser schrenckii)
Authors: Wang Lin , Wang Xiaoxiao , Bai Fan , Fang Yong , Wang Jinlin , Gao Ruichang
Published: May 2019

Gelatin was extracted from the swim bladder of Amur sturgeon with hot water at 50 °C with acceptable yield (76.54%) and it showed and type I collagen features.
Chemical characterization and biological activities of two varieties of xoconostle fruitsOpuntia joconostleF.A.C. Weber ex Diguet andOpuntia matudaeScheinvar
Authors: Garcia-Saavedra Natalia Moraleja , Barros Lillian , Reis Filipa S. , Roriz Custódio Lobo , Alves Maria José , García-Hernandez Mariel , Pérez-Rodríguez María Luisa , Sánchez-Mata María de Cortes , Ramírez-Moreno Esther , Ferreira Isabel C. F. R.
Published: May 2019

Xoconostle fruits are a good source of healthy compounds.
Extracting structural information of Au colloids at ultra-dilute concentrations: identification of growth during nanoparticle immobilization
Authors: Tierney George F. , Decarolis Donato , Abdullah Norli , Rogers Scott M. , Hayama Shusaku , Briceno de Gutierrez Martha , Villa Alberto , Catlow C. Richard A. , Collier Paul , Dimitratos Nikolaos , Wells Peter P.
Published: May 2019

This paper describes the structural characterization of ultra-dilute colloidal Au nanoparticle solutions using X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and the particle growth during immobilization.
The lifetime of interlayer breathing modes of few-layer 2H-MoSe2 membranes
Authors: Soubelet Pedro , Reynoso Andrés A. , Fainstein Alejandro , Nogajewski Karol , Potemski Marek , Faugeras Clément , Bruchhausen Axel E.
Published: May 2019

Investigation of the decay processes leading to the phonon lifetime of optically excited vibrational modes of few-layer MoSe2 membranes.
Tunable photoluminescence and an enhanced photoelectric response of Mn2+-doped CsPbCl3 perovskite nanocrystals via pressure-induced structure evolution
Authors: Zhang Junkai , Ji Sihang , Ma Yanzhang , Guan Renquan , Wu Xiaoxin , Qu Xin , Yan Bingmin , Zhang Dongzhou , Zhao Jialong , Yang Jinghai
Published: May 2019

Pressure-tuned structural, optical and electrical properties are of potential to improve the applied value of Mn2+-doped CsPbCl3 perovskite nanocrystals.
Sterically controlled C–H/C–H homocoupling of arenes via C–H borylation
Authors: Pei Xiaocong , Zhou Guan , Li Xuejing , Xu Yuchen , Panicker Resmi C. , Srinivasan Rajavel
Published: May 2019

Sterically controlled synthesis of symmetrical biaryls from arenes by a one-pot sequential Ir-catalyzed C–H borylation and Cu-catalyzed homocoupling is described.
Development of a self-immolative linker for tetrazine-triggered release of alcohols in cells
Authors: Davies Sarah , Oliveira Bruno L. , Bernardes Gonçalo J. L.
Published: May 2019

A TCO-carbamate benzyl ether self-immolative linker was developed, which enables tetrazine-triggered release of alcohol-containing molecules.
Microwave-assisted synthesis of glutathione-coated hollow zinc oxide for the removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous systems
Authors: Malik Lateef Ahmad , Bashir Arshid , Manzoor Taniya , Pandith Altaf Hussain
Published: May 2019

Environmentally benign Glu@h-ZnO possesses good affinity for heavy metal ions, with enhanced adsorption capacity due to its high specific surface area.
Sulfonic acid functionalized metal–organic framework (S-IRMOF-3): a novel catalyst for sustainable approach towards the synthesis of acrylonitriles
Authors: Rather Ryhan Abdullah , Siddiqui Zeba N.
Published: May 2019

Sulfonic acid functionalized metal–organic framework (S-IRMOF-3) as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst has been synthesized and employed for sustainable approach towards the synthesis of acrylonitriles in high yield and shorter reaction time period.
Bio-fabrication of pigment-capped silver nanoparticles encountering antibiotic-resistant strains and their cytotoxic effect towards human epidermoid larynx carcinoma (HEp-2) cells
Authors: Muthukrishnan Lakshmipathy , Chellappa Muralidharan , Nanda Anima , Thukkaram Sudhakar , Selvaraj Gracyfathima , Muthiah Bavanilatha , Sagadevan Suresh , Lett J. Anita
Published: May 2019

Bacterial biomolecule-mediated nanoparticle (NP) synthesis constitutes a reliable, eco-friendly approach that ameliorates green-chemistry principles.
A highly specific and sensitive turn-on fluorescence probe for hypochlorite detection and its bioimaging applications
Authors: Jin Lei , Tan Xiaoxue , Dai Lihui , Sheng Liqiang , Wang Qingming
Published: May 2019

A new probe, EDPC, was designed and synthesized for highly specific and sensitive detection of ClO− with a fast response time in living cells.
Using magneto-electroluminescence as a fingerprint to identify the spin polarization and spin–orbit coupling of magnetic nanoparticle doped polymer light emitting diodes
Authors: Jia Weiyao , Ikoma Tadaaki , Chen Lixiang , Zhu Hongqiang , Tang Xiantong , Qu Fenlan , Xiong Zuhong
Published: May 2019

The existence of spin polarization was confirmed while spin–orbit coupling was ruled out in Fe3O4-based PLEDs by magneto-electroluminescence analysis.
A hybrid nanocomposite of CeO2–ZnO–chitosan as an enhanced sensing platform for highly sensitive voltammetric determination of paracetamol and its degradation product p-aminophenol
Authors: Almandil Noor B. , Ibrahim Mohamed , Ibrahim Hossieny , Kawde Abdel-Nasser , Shehatta Ibrahim , Akhtar Sultan
Published: May 2019

A highly selective electrochemical sensor was fabricated based on CeO2–ZnO–chitosan hybrid nanocomposite modified electrode and was successfully applied for the determination of PAR in pharmaceutical formulations.
White light emission from a mixture of silicon quantum dots and gold nanoclusters and its utilities in sensing of mercury(ii) ions and thiol containing amino acid
Authors: Tanwar Swati , Sharma Bhagwati , Kaur Vishaldeep , Sen Tapasi
Published: May 2019

A simple solution based approach for generation of WLEM and its utilities in sensing of Hg2+ions and cysteine.
An efficient and recyclable nanocatalyst for the green and rapid synthesis of biologically active polysubstituted pyrroles and 1,2,4,5-tetrasubstituted imidazole derivatives
Authors: Thwin Myo , Mahmoudi Boshra , Ivaschuk Olga A. , Yousif Qahtan A.
Published: May 2019

So the use of Fe3O4@SiO2–ZrCl2-MNPs leads to an improved protocol in terms of the compatibility with the environment, yields of the products, reaction times and the amount of the catalyst when compared with other catalysts.
The effects of additions of two-dimensional graphitic-C3N4 on the negative electro-caloric effects in P(VDF-TrFE) copolymers
Authors: Ullah Sana , Wang Hao , Liu Bin , Cheng Junye , Shan Guangcun , Zheng Guang-Ping
Published: May 2019

The additions of g-C3N4 in P(VDF-TrFE) lead to the improved negative electrocaloric effect which could be described by Kauzmann theory.
N-doped graphene/CoFe2O4 catalysts for the selective catalytic reduction of NOx by NH3
Authors: Li Peng , Li Zhifang , Cui Jinxing , Geng Cui , Kang Yan , Zhang Chao , Yang Changlong
Published: May 2019

N-doped graphene/CoFe2O4 presented better denitrification activity than CoFe2O4/graphene due to the more uniform distribution of CoFe2O4 and acidic sites etc.
Heterogeneous biochars from agriculture residues and coal fly ash for the removal of heavy metals from coking wastewater
Authors: Gao Lihui , Goldfarb Jillian L.
Published: May 2019

Heterogeneous biochar via pyrolysis of wheat straw and fly ash with chemical adsorption mechanism; cobalt shows higher capacity and rate.
Protective effects of the flavonoid fraction obtained from pomelo fruitlets through ultrasonic-associated microwave extraction against AAPH-induced erythrocyte hemolysis
Authors: Wang Qin , Luo Jieying , Liu Huifan , Brennan Charles Stephen , Liu Jianliang , Zou Xiaoyu
Published: May 2019

Pomelo fruitlet is a side-product of pomelo, and this study aimed to extract the antioxidative flavonoid compounds from pomelo fruitlets with high efficiency through ultrasonic-associated microwave methods.
Cytotoxic metabolites from the endophytic fungus Chaetomium globosum 7951
Authors: Wang Fang , Zhao Wuli , Zhang Conghui , Chang Shanshan , Shao Rongguang , Xing Jianguo , Chen Minghua , Zhang Yixuan , Si Shuyi
Published: May 2019

Demethylchaetocochin C and chaetoperazine A, two new epipolythiodioxopiperazine alkaloids, and three known analogs were isolated from Chaetomium globosum 7951. Demethylchaetocochin C significantly inhibits human lung cancer cell growth.
Heteroatom-doped hollow carbon spheres made from polyaniline as an electrode material for supercapacitors
Authors: Liu Haiyan , Han Mei , Zuo Jinzong , Deng Xuexiang , Lu Wenxue , Wu Yongguo , Song Huaihe , Zhou Chunli , Ji Shengfu
Published: May 2019

In this work, novel heteroatom-doped hollow carbon spheres (HHCSs) were preparedviathe carbonization of polyaniline hollow spheres (PHSs), which were synthesized by one-pot polymerization.
Tailoring biomimetic polymer networks towards an unprecedented combination of versatile mechanical characteristics
Authors: Cha Eun Jung , Lee Dong Soo , Kim Hyohye , Kim Yun Ho , Kim Byoung Gak , Yoo Youngjae , Kim Yong Seok , Kim Dong-Gyun
Published: May 2019

A simple and effective strategy to prepare biomimetic polymer networks with stiff, strong, tough, resilient, and adaptive mechanical properties, through controlling thiourea noncovalent and epoxy–amine covalent cross-linkings, is presented.
Tautomeric photoswitches: anion-assisted azo/azine-to-hydrazone photochromism
Authors: Filo Juraj , Tisovský Pavol , Csicsai Klaudia , Donovalová Jana , Gáplovský Martin , Gáplovský Anton , Cigáň Marek
Published: May 2019

The photoswitching behaviour of isatin 4-nitrophenylhydrazones in presence of anions was investigated.
The aggression behavior study of Cl− on the defect structure of passive films on copper
Authors: Xu Aoni , Dong Chaofang , Wei Xin , Li Xiaogang , Macdonald Digby D.
Published: May 2019

The destructive role of chloride ions on the defect structure of barrier layers (bl) is vitally important for understanding the initial breakdown of passive films on metals.
Doubly zwitterionic, di-reduced, highly electron-rich, air-stable naphthalenediimides: redox-switchable islands of aromatic–antiaromatic states
Authors: Kumar Sharvan , Shukla Jyoti , Mandal Kalyanashis , Kumar Yogendra , Prakash Ravi , Ram Panch , Mukhopadhyay Pritam
Published: May 2019

The synthesis and isolation of two-electron reduced naphthalenediimides is reported. A doubly zwitterionic structure is observed for the first time in a naphthalene moiety, which aids in its stabilization.
Origins of the odd optical observables in plutonium and americium tungstates
Authors: Cross Justin N. , Lee Tsung-Han , Kang Chang-Jong , Yao Yong-Xin , Cary Samantha K. , Stritzinger Jared T. , Polinski Matthew J. , McKinley Carla D. , Albrecht Schmitt Thomas E. , Lanata Nicola
Published: May 2019

A series of f-block tungstates show atypical coloration for both the Ce(iii) and Pu(iii) compounds; whereas the other lanthanide and Am(iii) compounds possess normal absorption features. The different optical properties are actually derived from the tungstate component rather than from 5f electrons/orbitals.
A natural solution to photoprotection and isolation of the potent polyene antibiotic, marinomycin A
Authors: Bailey Christopher S. , Zarins-Tutt Joseph S. , Agbo Matthias , Gao Hong , Diego-Taboada Alberto , Gan Maoluo , Hamed Refaat B. , Abraham Emily R. , Mackenzie Grahame , Evans P. Andrew , Goss Rebecca J. M.
Published: May 2019

Perfect partners for photoprotection: orally ingestible sporopollenin confers striking photoprotection to the powerful, polyene antibiotic, marinomycin A, as well as enabling its selective extraction.
Propagating density spikes in light-powered motility-ratchets
Authors: Lozano Celia , Liebchen Benno , ten Hagen Borge , Bechinger Clemens , Löwen Hartmut
Published: May 2019

Combining experiments and computer simulations, we use a spatially periodic and flashing light-field to direct the motion of phototactic active colloids.
Microstructurally engineered nanocrystalline Fe–Sn–Sb anodes: towards stable high energy density sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Edison Eldho , Sreejith Sivaramapanicker , Ren Hao , Lim Chwee Teck , Madhavi Srinivasan
Published: May 2019

High sodium storage capacities and cycling stability achieved via microstructurally engineered Fe–Sn–Sb ternary alloy anodes.
Computational screening of metal-substituted HKUST-1 catalysts for chemical fixation of carbon dioxide into epoxides
Authors: Hu Tian-ding , Jiang Yan , Ding Yi-hong
Published: May 2019

This work would enrich the CO2–PO reaction catalyzed by M-HKUST-1/TBAX and provide a guideline for the design of more powerful catalysts.
Thin and robust organic solvent cation exchange membranes for ion separation
Authors: Zhao Yan , Li Yi , Zhu Jiajie , Lejarazu-Larrañaga Amaia , Yuan Shushan , Ortega Emily , Shen Jiangnan , Gao Congjie , Van der Bruggen Bart
Published: May 2019

An ultrathin and robust organic solvent cation exchange membrane (CEM) was successfully fabricated for the first time using dissolved Kevlar aramid nanofibers as the casting solution and 4-aminobenzenesulfonic acid (ABS) as the negatively charged functional group via an amide condensation reaction for ion separation.
High-temperature lead-free multilayer ceramic capacitors with ultrahigh energy density and efficiency fabricatedviatwo-step sintering
Authors: Cai Ziming , Zhu Chaoqiong , Wang Hongxian , Zhao Peiyao , Chen Lingling , Li Longtu , Wang Xiaohui
Published: May 2019

A fast heating assisted two-step sintering method is developed to fabricate multilayer ceramic capacitors with ultrahigh energy-storage density and efficiency.
Correction: Effects of LiBOB on salt solubility and BiF3 electrode electrochemical properties in fluoride shuttle batteries
Authors: Celik Kucuk Asuman , Minato Taketoshi , Yamanaka Toshiro , Abe Takeshi
Published: May 2019

Correction for ‘Effects of LiBOB on salt solubility and BiF3 electrode electrochemical properties in fluoride shuttle batteries’ by Asuman Celik Kucuk et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2019, 7, 8559–8567.
Highly-efficient and all-solution-processed red-emitting InP/ZnS-based quantum-dot light-emitting diodes enabled by compositional engineering of electron transport layers
Authors: Chen Fei , Lv Peiwen , Li Xu , Deng Zhenbo , Teng Feng , Tang Aiwei
Published: May 2019

All-solution-processed red-emitting InP/ZnS-based QD-LEDs with a record ηEQE of 4.24% are successfully fabricated through the compositional engineering of colloidal ZnO NPs, which act as the electron transport layers.
Framework for Selecting Vocabulary for Preliterate Children Who Use Augmentative and Alternative Communication
Authors: Bean Allison , Cargill Lindsey Paden , Lyle Samantha
Published: May 2019

Purpose

Nearly 50% of school-based speech-language pathologists (SLPs) provide services to school-age children who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). However, many SLPs report having insufficient knowledge in the area of AAC implementation. The objective of this tutorial is to provide clinicians with a framework for supporting 1 area of AAC implementation: vocabulary selection for preliterate children who use AAC.

Method

This tutorial focuses on 4 variables that clinicians should consider when selecting vocabulary: (a) contexts/environments where the vocabulary can be used, (b) time span during which the vocabulary will be relevant, (c) whether the vocabulary can elicit and maintain interactions with other people, and (d) whether the vocabulary will facilitate developmentally appropriate grammatical structures. This tutorial focuses on the role that these variables play in language development in verbal children with typical development, verbal children with language impairment, and nonverbal children who use AAC.

Results

Use of the 4 variables highlighted above may help practicing SLPs select vocabulary that will best facilitate language acquisition in preliterate children who use AAC.
Relationships Between Radiation Exposure Dose, Time, and Projection in Videofluoroscopic Swallowing Studies
Authors: Bonilha Heather Shaw , Wilmskoetter Janina , Tipnis Sameer , Horn Janet , Martin-Harris Bonnie , Huda Walter
Published: May 2019

Purpose

Clinicians are trained to rely on radiation exposure time as an indicator of patient radiation exposure in Videofluoroscopic Swallowing Studies (VFSSs). However, it has been shown in other medical uses of fluoroscopy that dose area product (DAP), the amount of radiation delivered to the patient, is a better indicator of overall patient radiation exposure than radiation exposure time. This study sought to understand the relationship of DAP in VFSSs with radiation exposure time and projection used (lateral vs. posterior–anterior [PA]).

Method

DAP, radiation exposure time, and projection were recorded in 200 adults undergoing clinically indicated VFSSs conducted in accordance with the Modified Barium Swallow Impairment Profile guidelines. Data were analyzed using Spearman correlation and related sample Wilcoxon test.

Results

DAP and radiation exposure time did not correlate significantly in the lateral or upper PA projections. DAP was significantly higher in the PA compared to lateral projection (
p
< .01); however, time was shorter in PA versus lateral (
p
< .01). The average mGy-cm
2
per second was 7 for lateral projections, 14 for upper PA projections, 17 for middle PA projections, and 34 for lower PA projections.

Conclusions

Radiation exposure time and DAP do not strongly correlate across VFSSs. Specifically, this means that 1 patient can have a low radiation exposure time with a high DAP relative to another person with a higher radiation exposure time but a lower DAP. The results of this study question the common clinical practice of using time (specifically the 5-min indicator) as a threshold for radiation exposure during a VFSSs.
Measuring Mandarin Speech Recognition Thresholds Using the Method of Adaptive Tracking
Authors: Wang Yuxia , Lu Zhaoyu , Yang Xiaohu , Liu Chang
Published: May 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to examine (a) the psychometric functions of Mandarin speech-on-speech masking with a comparison to the psychometric properties of the English version and (b) the feasibility of using the method of adaptive tracking (MAT) to measure Mandarin speech recognition thresholds in different masker conditions using a Chinese coordinate response measure (C-CRM) speech corpus.

Method

The study followed the example of the English coordinate response measure (E-CRM) speech corpus and designed a Chinese version. Sixteen listeners were recruited for a monaural Mandarin speech recognition test using C-CRM materials in 5 competing speech masker conditions: 1-talker different-gender, 1-talker same-gender, and 2-, 4-, and 8-talker maskers. Both the MAT and the method of constant stimuli (MCS) were used and then compared.

Results

Results of the MCS revealed that Mandarin listeners' psychometric functions varied depending upon masker characteristics (e.g., the number and gender of talkers), because significant differences were suggested among the 5 masker conditions (mainly between 1-talker and multitalker), as measured in the slope
b
and the 50% threshold. Meanwhile, speech identification improved monotonically with increasing signal-to-noise ratios for all 5 masker conditions, except that a plateau was observed with signal-to-noise ratios from −10 to 0 dB in the 1-talker maskers. The properties of C-CRM psychometric functions largely agreed with E-CRM findings, and yet lower speech recognition thresholds were found in C-CRM. Meanwhile, the comparisons of the thresholds estimated in the MAT and the MCS showed no significant differences for all 5 masker conditions.

Conclusion

The results suggest that masker characteristics greatly affected Mandarin psychometric functions and monotonicity was present in all 5 C-CRM maskers, echoing the E-CRM literature in a great extent. Interestingly, target words of C-CRM were found easier to recognize in multitalker babbles than those of E-CRM. Moreover, comparisons of the MAT and the MCS suggest that the MAT provided a feasible method for measuring Mandarin speech recognition thresholds with the C-CRM speech maskers.
Effects of Verb Overlap on Structural Priming in Dialogue: Implications for Syntactic Learning in Aphasia
Authors: Man Grace , Meehan Sarah , Martin Nadine , Branigan Holly , Lee Jiyeon
Published: May 2019

Purpose

Although there is increasing interest in using structural priming as a means to ameliorate grammatical encoding deficits in persons with aphasia (PWAs), little is known about the precise mechanisms of structural priming that are associated with robust and enduring effects in PWAs. Two dialogue-like comprehension-to-production priming experiments investigated whether lexically independent (abstract structural) priming and/or lexically (verb) specific priming yields immediate and longer, lasting facilitation of syntactic production in PWAs.

Method

Seventeen PWAs and 20 healthy older adults participated in a collaborative picture-matching task where participant and experimenter took turns describing picture cards using transitive and dative sentences. In Experiment 1, a target was elicited immediately following a prime. In Experiment 2, 2 unrelated utterances intervened between a prime and target, thereby allowing us to examine lasting priming effects. In both experiments, the verb was repeated for half of the prime–target pairs to examine the lexical (verb) boost on priming.

Results

Healthy older adults demonstrated abstract priming in both transitives and datives not only in the immediate (Experiment 1) but also in the lasting (Experiment 2) priming condition. They also showed significantly enhanced priming by verb overlap (lexical boost) in transitives during immediate priming. PWAs demonstrated abstract priming in transitives in both immediate and lasting priming conditions. However, the magnitude of priming was not enhanced by verb overlap.

Conclusions

Abstract structural priming, but not lexically specific priming, is associated with reliable and lasting facilitation of message–structure mapping in aphasia. The findings also suggest that implicit syntactic learning via a dialogue-like comprehension-to-production task remains preserved in aphasia.
In-Clinic and Standalone Internet Cognitive Behavior Therapy Treatment for Social Anxiety in Stuttering: A Randomized Trial of iGlebe
Authors: Menzies Ross G. , Packman Ann , Onslow Mark , O'Brian Sue , Jones Mark , Helgadóttir Fjóla Dögg
Published: May 2019

Purpose

iGlebe is an individualized, fully automated Internet cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) treatment program that requires no clinician contact. Phase I and II trials have demonstrated that it may be efficacious for treating the social anxiety commonly associated with stuttering. The present trial sought to establish whether the outcomes achieved by iGlebe are noninferior to those associated with in-clinic CBT from clinical psychologists.

Method

Fifty adults with stuttering were randomized to receive in-clinic CBT for anxiety or 5 months online access to iGlebe. The design was a noninferiority randomized controlled trial with outcomes assessed at prerandomization and at 6 and 12 months postrandomization. Primary outcomes were CIDI-Auto-2.1 diagnoses for anxiety and mood disorders and Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation scale scores (Carleton, McCreary, Norton, & Asmundson, 2006). Secondary outcomes included speech, psychology, and quality-of-life measures.

Results

Outcomes consistently showed clinically significant improvements of around a medium effect size for the cohort as a whole from prerandomization to 6 months postrandomization, which were maintained at 12 months postrandomization. Comparisons between the 2 treatments showed little difference between iGlebe and in-clinic treatment for all primary and secondary outcomes, with last observation carried forward for missing data.

Conclusions

iGlebe is a promising individualized treatment for social anxiety for adults who stutter and offers a viable and inexpensive alternative to in-clinic CBT with clinical psychologists. An issue to emerge from this trial, which requires clarification during future clinical trials of iGlebe, is the posttreatment relation between percentage of syllables stuttered and self-reported stuttering severity ratings.