bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Technology and Energy Requirements for Producing Biodiesel from Algae Grown in Tubular Photobioreactors
Authors:   , Vander Neut Christopher Joseph , Cairncross Richard Allan
Published: July 2024

Alternative fuels are receiving increased attention due to the concern over dependence on foreign oil and the negative impacts fossil fuels have on the environment. Recent developments in alternative fuel sources, in particular for biodiesel, have attracted positive attention and the demand for these fuels has increased. Domestically, soybean oil is the most prevalent source of biodiesel. One possible alternative, however, is the use of microalgae for biodiesel. These organisms have several advantages over other alternatives, in that they grow rapidly and abundantly, and occupy minimal land to produce biodiesel when compared to soybeans. Before committing to one production pathway or another, however, it is imperative to discuss the sustainability of these sources, one factor of which is the amount of fossil energy they consume to produce biodiesel versus the amount of fossil energy required to produce petroleum diesel. If the net life cycle greenhouse gasses released and fossil energy input required to generate these alternatives is greater than that of petroleimi diesel, then no improvement is seen in terms of climate improvement or energy security by utilizing these sources, whether soybean, algae, or other. One means of comparing these sources is to conduct a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) on the process, from the production of raw materials through the transportation of the final product to the end user. An economic input-output analysis considers multiple inputs that affect the process and quantifies their impacts on the basis of the amount of energy required to produce fuel energy. The Carnegie Mellon LCA tool was used for this analysis, which uses economic input output tables from the Bureau of Commerce. It was discovered that petroleum diesel consumes about 1.2 MJ/MJ diesel fuel. This yalue means that petroleum diesel uses almost 20% excess energy to generate actual product energy. Soybean-derived biodiesel consumes 1.08 MJ/MJ biodiesel, which is an improvement, but still not a net energy gain. Algal biodiesel produced via open raceway ponds consumes less fossil energy per output, at 1.025 MJ/MJ biodiesel. The research conducted for this thesis examined algal biodiesel from tubular photobioreactors and showed that the fossil consumption is high, at 1.366 MJ/MJ biodiesel. However, significant improvements can be made in the process that would dramatically decrease the energy requirements. Additionally, the economics of constructing a 30 million gallon per year facility based on algal tubular photobioreactors was examined. The results from this analysis showed that this siz6 facility is not feasible, and that increases in size are limited by the availability of machinery on the same scale to match the demand of the process. Improvements in the algae themselves would cause photobioreactors to become profitable, and potentially more desirable than open raceway ponds.
Discovering myosin light chain phosphorylation independent mechanisms of vascular smooth muscle contraction
Authors:   , Smolock Elaine M. , Moreland Robert S.
Published: July 2024

It is well accepted that the primary mechanism by which smooth muscle contraction is initiated involves calcium/calmodulin dependent activation of myosin light chain kinase and the resultant phosphorylation of the regulatory myosin light chain. However, this thick filament system of activation cannot serve as the only mechanism for contraction as several laboratories have shown a dissociation between force and levels of myosin light chain phosphorylation in response to various stimuli. Thus, attention has been directed to the potential involvement of kinases other than myosin light chain kinase as well as thin filament associated proteins in the regulation of smooth muscle contraction, specifically caldesmon. Caldesmon binds both actin and myosin and inhibits actin-activated myosin ATPase activity in an unstimulated muscle preventing force production. Previous work investigating caldesmon using in vitro models has shed some light on the structure and function of caldesmon but sparse information has been published regarding caldesmon's precise role(s) in the contracting smooth muscle in vivo. Studies investigating the mechanism(s) by which caldesmon is regulated have mainly been done in vitro and have shown that caldesmon's inhibitory effect can be reversed upon phosphorylation. However, there is ambiguity as to which kinase(s) is involved in an in vivo pathway(s) that modulates caldesmon. The hypotheses tested in this dissertation investigate the presence of a pathway that is independent of calcium and myosin light chain phosphorylation but still responsible for modulation of a smooth muscle contraction. Furthermore, this dissertation will investigate if this pathway involves caldesmon. Secondly, since it is strongly suggested that disinhibition of caldesmon is important in the maintenance of the normal levels of tone as well as the tonic maintenance of contraction in smooth muscle we hypothesized that a cascade of events involving kinases other than the putative endogenous caldesmon kinase, the mitogen activated protein kinases/extracellular regulated kinases result in phosphorylation of caldesmon reversing its inhibition on actin-activated myosin ATPase activity.
Studies in nonlinear state and parameter estimation
Authors:   , Tatiraju Srinivas , Soroush Masoud
Published: July 2024

Effective monitoring and tight control of a process are often hindered by (a) incomplete or infrequent and delayed process state measurements, and (b) insufficient information on important process parameters. In such a situation, continuous estimates of the inaccessible state variables and parameters of the process can be calculated using state/parameter estimation methods, and their applications to chemical and biochemical reactors. A nonlinear state estimation method is used for a methylmethacrylate polymerization reactor to estimate the initiator and solvent concentrations and the leading moments of the molecular weight distribution (MWD) of the polymer, under three measurement scenarios. The global convergence of the estimator is proved theoretically for one of the measurement cases. A multi-rate nonlinear state estimator is developed. The estimator uses for state estimation both frequent and infrequent measurements of a process, with a designer-adjustable reliance on each type of measurement. It can use a nonlinear model of the process directly in the estimation algorithm, without any linear approximation, and is easy to design and implement. The performance of the multi-rate nonlinear state estimator is demonstrated by numerical simulations in a polymerization reactor and via real-time implementation on a bioreactor. A model-inversion-based parameter estimation method is also developed for on-line estimation of unknown process parameters in a class of nonlinear processes. The estimator calculates the least-squared-error estimate of the parameters at each time instant, using readily availably on-line measurements. The superior performance of estimator over that of a state estimation-based parameter estimator is illustrated by numerical simulations using a jacketed chemical reactor example. The nonlinear state and parameter estimation methods presented in this dissertation are powerful tools that allow for efficient monitoring and control in nonlinear processes in the presence of measurement noise and plant-model mismatch. The application studies not only demonstrate the performance characteristic of the state and parameter estimation methods, but also indicate their applicability to various nonlinear processes.
Development and Comprehensive Assessment of the Clinical Effectiveness of a Method For Cataract Phacoemulsification Based on a Single Tunnel Incision
Authors: Semykin V. D. , Bedikyan R. S. , Tebueva A. Sh.
Published: July 2024

Purpose. Development and evaluation of the clinical effectiveness of a technique for performing phacoemulsification of cataracts (FEC) based on a single tunnel incision.

Patients and methods. We observed 96 patients (96 eyes, age 58.2 ± 1.2 years, 61 men, 35 women), divided into two groups equal in age, gender and visual status: control (CG, 46 patients, 46 eyes), for whom FEC was performed using the traditional method (total incision length 4.6 mm) and the main group (MG, 50 patients, 50 eyes), for whom FEC was performed using the developed method (total incision length 2.2 mm). The basis of the developed technique is to make a tunnel incision 2.2 mm long on the temporal side, followed by capsulorhexis, phacofragmentation, phacoemulsification of the lens nucleus and aspiration of the lens masses through a single tunnel incision. In this case, during phacofragmentation, a longitudinal fracture of the lens nucleus is performed along the axis 0–180°, the lens nucleus is rotated along the meridian 90–270° and another longitudinal fracture of the lens nucleus is performed along the axis 0–180°, and after phacoemulsification of the nucleus, aspiration is performed through a coaxial handle and IOL is implanted. A comparative assessment of the clinical effectiveness of the developed and traditional methods was carried out using clinical, refractive, morphological and biochemical parameters.

Results. A higher clinical effectiveness of FEC using the developed method has been established (compared to the traditional one), which is confirmed by a decrease in the magnitude of surgically induced astigmatism (by 0.13 diopters, p < 0.001) and a tendency towards higher postoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity (by 0.05 rel. units, p > 0.05). Along with this, in the МG, compared with the CG, a pronounced decrease in the incidence of dry eye syndrome (by 3.4 %, p < 0.05), C­reactive protein in the tear fluid (by 1.1 mg/l, p < 0.05) and preservation of the number of endothelial cells (by 4.8 %, p < 0.01).

Conclusion. The developed technique for performing FEC is an effective prevention of surgically induced astigmatism and negative effects on the corneal endothelium and ocular surface, which is associated with a decrease in the total length of the incision (2.2 mm compared to 4.6 mm) and an intraoperative decrease in the total volume of circulating fluid.
The Effect of Optimism and Gratitude on Subjective Well-Being of Parents of Children with Special Needs
Authors: Musri Amalia , Izzaty Rita Eka , Gamil Arwa
Published: July 2024

The children who are born with imperfect conditions are often referred as children with special needs. Parents of children with special needs shown to have low levels of optimism and gratitude, which can affect the level of subjective well-being. This research aims to prove the influence of optimism and gratitude on the subjective well-being of parents with special needs children. The present study used a quantitative approach with a survey research type. The research location was in Pidie Regency, Aceh, with a sample size of 132 parents aged 20-55. The sampling technique used simple random sampling. The instruments used in this research include The Satisfaction of Life Scale (SWLS) and Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (SPANE) with a reliability value of 0.710, the Revised Life Orientation Test (LOT-R) with a reliability value of 0.793, and the Gratitude Questionnaire (Q-6) with a reliability value of 0.761. The result shows that optimism and gratitude can simultaneously influence the subjective well-being of parents who have children with special needs (ß=0.087, p=0.000). The practical contribution made by optimism and gratitude to subjective well-being is 97.5%. The study revealed that optimism and gratitude are very influential in increasing subjective well-being in parents. In conclusion, parents with high subjective well-being tend to show confidence, appreciation, and satisfaction in life, thus positively contributing to parental involvement with children.
Nauczyciel i uczeń w kulturze nauczania-uczenia się
Authors: Olearczyk Teresa
Published: July 2024

Celem podjętych rozważań jest ukazanie oraz charakterystyka współczesnych uwarunkowań procesów edukacyjnych. Mówiąc o uwarunkowaniach koncentruję się przede wszystkim na tych zewnętrznych, to one zmieniają się bowiem w tak przyśpieszonym tempie, że trudno nadążyć za innowacjami w organizowaniu procesów edukacyjnych. Czynniki zewnętrzne prowadzą do wyposażenia ucznia w narzędzia myślenia i uczenia się, które kreowane są jako efekt zmian cywilizacyjnych. Paradoksalnie relacje społeczne, komunikacja interpersonalna, a nade wszystko kultura nie nadążają za tymi zmianami. Pojęcie kultury pojawia się coraz częściej w odniesieniu do zjawisk spoza jej tradycyjnego rozumienia. Wydaje się być kategorią modną, wręcz uniwersalną, którą włączono w terminologię różnych dyscyplin naukowych z właściwym dla nich znaczeniem. Kultura organizacji, kultura uczenia się, kultura umysłu, kultura bycia, zachowania, to te spośród wielu przykładów, w jakich akcentuje się związek kultury z różnymi dziedzinami życia człowieka i jego otoczenia społecznego. Jednocześnie jest to dowód na obecność tego pojęcia kultury w rozważaniach nad edukacją. Edukacja spełnia funkcję „służebną” dla rozwoju człowieka, a zatem powinna być tak zorganizowania i kierować się takimi wartościami, które ten rozwój będą wspierać, a nie „etykietować”. W moim rozumieniu etykietowanie, to coraz więcej informacji, oczywiście „potrzebnych”, zarejestrowanych na różnego rodzaju przekaźnikach, którymi pokolenie XXI wieku posługuje się czasami bardziej niż mózgiem. W tej sytuacji cywilizacyjno-społecznej powstają alternatywne koncepcje edukacji, których analiza krytyczna oraz możliwości aplikacji nabierają istotnego znaczenia w rozwoju zarówno jednostki, jak i społeczeństwa.
Application of Kaizen Philosophy in Business Process Improvement in the Automotive Industry
Authors: Mitreva Elizabeta , Todorova Pavlinka , Kicara Dzevat
Published: July 2024

This paper presents the application of the Kaizen philosophy in business process improvement in the automotive industry in the Republic of North Macedonia using methods and techniques for continuous improvement. The purpose of this paper is to indicate the benefit from the application of the methods and techniques from the adoption of the Kaizen philosophy and the Rational (Lean) production which are actually applied by the companies. Through the implementation of the tools, the processes, efficiency, effectiveness, and quality of the products are significantly improved, and thеrefore the companies become more competitive in the market.
The dynamical model of locomotor-like movements evoked by muscle vibration in humans
Authors: Molkov Jaroslav ,   Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sushik Mihail , Kuznetsov Aleksej , Kozlov Aleksandr , Zakharov Denis ,   Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod,   Saratov State University,   Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod,   National Research University "Higher School of Economics"
Published: July 2024

A phenomenological model of central pattern generator is proposed for qualitative description, within the framework of traditional concepts of motoneural and skeleto—muscular sysiem of human leg, of dynamics of spontaneous stepping movements evoked by muscle vibration. In particular, it describes bistability of «forward» and «backward» stepping and chaotic transitions between them. The model consists of two self-excited oscillators with nonlinear coupling, the action of which resembles qualitatively the action of a combination of excitatory and inhibitory chemical couplings typical for neural networks. The analysis is made on the example of the interaction of two identical Van der Pol - Duffing generators.
Mechanisms of chaotic synchronization loss in the system of coupled cubic maps
Authors: Astakhov Vladimir ,   Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, Shabunin Aleksej , Anishchenko Vadim ,   Saratov State University,   Saratov State University
Published: July 2024

Bifurcational mechanisms of chaotic synchronization loss are investigated in the рареr. We demonstrate numerical experiments results of investigation of chaos synchronization in the system of the symmetrically coupled cubic maps. We show that loss of the chaotic synchronization is conditioned by bifurcations of the main family of saddle periodic orbits embedded in the chaotic attractor.
Influence of plasma nonlinearity on process of radiation stochastization in beam-plasma microwave oscillators
Authors: Bliokh Yury ,   Israel Institue of Technology ", Ljubarskij Mikhail , Nusinovich Grigorii , Podobinsky Vitalii ,   Technion",   National Science Center Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology,   University of Maryland, College Park,   National Science Center Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology
Published: July 2024

A plasma—filled traveling—wave tube with а feedback is considered. The effect of the transverse component of the ponderomotive force on plasma density causes an additional phase shift of the wave which in a system with feedback significantly decreases the threshold for appearance of stochastic oscillations.
Oscillations in first-order non-linear recursive digital circuits under constant external influence
Authors: Brjuhanov Jurij ,   P. G. Demidov Yaroslavl State University
Published: July 2024

Dynamics of first—order recursive circuits without quantization effects is investigated. Filter adder has characteristic of two types: saturation and overflow. Linear regime boundaries are determined. Relation of magnitude of external influence, parasitic oscillations period and circuit parameter is defermined. Range of initial conditions of parasitic oscillation origin is refrieved.
Modern methods for transient electromagnetic fields simulation
Authors: Grigoriev Andrei ,   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University 'LETI'
Published: July 2024

Modern methods and algorithms for numerical simulation of transient electromagnetic fields are described. Main attention is paid ю the Finite Difference Time Domain method. Basic equations of the method, algorithms of media properties implementation, such as nonhomogeneity, anisotropy, dispersion, non linearity are discussed. Methods of initial and boundary conditions approximation, sources of excitation determining, computational region truncating in case of solving outer boundary electrodynamic problems, algorithms of circuit parameters evaluation from the results of simulation are also presented.
Non-Surgical Management of Disc-Related Low Back Pain: An Algorithmic Approach and Practical Guideline
Authors: Noormohammadpour Pardis , Pourgharib Shahi Mohammad Hossein , Ghannadi Shima , Nazarieh Mahshid , Maleklou Faezeh , Ejtehadi Fatemeh , Mirzashahi Babak
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Low back pain (LBP) is a common health problem worldwide and the primary cause of years lived with disability. Studies on the non-surgical management approaches for disc-related LBP are sparse and scarce, so a clear and structured guideline in this area would be useful. This study summarizes the non-surgical management approaches for disc-related LBP in a review.
Materials and Methods: Intervention studies and review articles relating to the non-surgical approaches for disc-related LBP treatment were curated from PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, and Google Scholar databases before July 1, 2022.
Results: Several management approaches are suggested in the studies for disc-related LBP, including medications, acupuncture, lumbar orthoses, exercise therapy, manual therapy, physical therapy modalities, and spinal injections. Some of these options have been studied more, like exercise therapy and injections, and there are more favorable reports for them. Some others have been less studied and need to be investigated in future studies, like different physical therapy modalities.
Conclusion: Recommendations are based on low- to moderate-quality evidence or consensus in the management approach studies for disc-related LBP. Therefore, the authors recommend intensifying research efforts concerning all aspects of the non-surgical management of LBP.
Design, Implementation, and Evaluation of a Logbook for Clinical Education of Undergraduate Physiotherapy Students
Authors: Saba Maryam A. , Ghotbi Nastaran , Haghjoo Movahed , Shamsi Amirhossein , Bagheri Rasool
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Clinical performance without documentation, assessment, and feedback may lead to an inefficient internship in the field. Logbooks are recommended to assess physiotherapy (PT) students’ clinical practice in the curriculum, therefore, this study aims to design, implement, and evaluate a logbook for undergraduate PT students.
Materials and Methods: The present study includes three phases. In the first phase, a logbook was designed based on the existing evidence, undergraduate PT program curriculum, and opinions of clinical instructors of the relevant internships. After that, it was adjusted based on the topics of clinical rotations. In the implementation phase, students completed these logbooks during neurology, musculoskeletal inpatient, outpatient, and cardiovascular inpatient rotations. In the third phase, a 29-item questionnaire was used to assess the students’ and instructors’ perspectives on the logbook.
Results: The designed logbook for undergraduate PT students consisted of two major sections, assessment of students’ clinical competencies and documentation of clinical experience. Sixtynine students and 12 clinical instructors completed the questionnaires. Approximately 49% of the students and 87% of the instructors felt that the logbook’s quality was satisfactory. Nearly 53% of the students and over 90% of the instructors consider the use of the logbook and its content essential.
Conclusion: A logbook was developed as a workplace-based assessment (WBA) method. It was designed to cover different internships, including PT in musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, and neurological conditions in outpatient or inpatient settings. Both students and instructors agreed on using the designed logbook to assess the student’s clinical performance.
Clinical Features of Surgery Candidates for Different Types of Extraocular Muscle Palsy
Authors: Khorrami-Nejad Masoud , Abdullah Mustafa , Masoomian Babak
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Clinical manifestations of cranial nerve palsies are of great importance, and surgeons should consider them before planning surgical protocol.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on preoperative hospital records of 598 Iranian patients with different types of extraocular muscle palsy, including third (90 patients), fourth (501 patients), and fifth (7 patients) nerve palsy at Farabi Hospital, Tehran Province, Iran.
Results: In terms of fourth nerve palsy, the mean spherical equivalent (SE) in the right and left eye was 0.23±1.51 and 0.19±1.45 diopter, respectively. Also, the mean angle of vertical deviation was 15.54±8.85 Δ at near and 15.66±8.93 Δ at far. In patients with third nerve palsy, the mean SE in the right and left eye was -0.02±2.08 and 0.08±1.95 diopter, respectively. Also, the mean angle of vertical deviation was 17.8±17.4 Δ at near and 17.8±17.5 Δ at far. In terms of six nerve palsy, the mean SE in the right and left eye was -1.27±3.37 and -1.08±2.52 diopter, respectively. Also, the mean angle of esotropia was 32.4±7.7 Δ at near and 33±6.7 Δ at far. The frequency of amblyopia in patients with third, fourth, and sixth nerve palsies was 21 patients (23.3%), 70(14%), and 4(57.1%), respectively.
Conclusion: The clinical characteristics of patients with different types of EOM palsy are remarkably different, which can be attributed to the different properties of these kinds of deviations.
Teaching Oriental Languages in Boy’s Gymnasiums of Kazan Educational
District as an Element of the National Policy of the Russian Empire in the
19th - early 20th Century (on the Materials of Kazan and Astrakhan Boy’s
Gymnasium)
Authors: Petrov Anatoly S.
Published: July 2024

The investigation deals with the issues of teaching Oriental languages
as part of the national policy of the Russian Empire in the 19th - early
20th century. The problems in the development of Oriental linguistics are
traced using the example of boy’s gymnasiums of the Kazan educational
district. Education, which became an important part of the development of
the state in the 19th century, implied the cultural integration of all the
peoples of the Russian Empire into the educational system. The process of
development of teaching Oriental languages in classical gymnasiums of the
Kazan educational district is analyzed. Today, the Volga region, especially
the Lower Volga region, remains an important element of Russia’s interaction
with the Caspian states, which is as important in the context of education
as it is in the field of industry. This determines the relevance of the
research topic.
Some is not everything? Designing an instrument that measures the clinical learning environment holistically
Authors: Hugo-van Dyk Lizemari , Jordaan Hanlie
Published: July 2024

This article describes the development as well as face and content validation of an instrument for measuring the clinical learning environment of professional healthcare students. A methodological research design was used to develop the instrument and a Delphi technique was used to determine face and content validity. The research was conducted systematically in two phases to construct the instrument, and to establish face and content validity. Phase 1 comprised a general literature overview to identify existing instruments. The retrieved instruments were thematically analysed into the four themes of atmosphere, teamwork, workload and learning opportunities, and then the first version instrument was drafted. In Phase 2, the first version instrument was evaluated for face and content validity. Thirty-six healthcare professional experts responded in the consensus Delphi study, and consensus was reached after three rounds. A consensus Delphi study confirmed the face and content validity of 62 items. The second version of the new instrument was determined. A new holistic clinical learning environment measuring instrument, based on existing instruments, was developed to promote quality student placements.
Perspectives of Nursing Students toward High-Fidelity Simulation Learning During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Abu Shosha Ghada , Al-Kalaldeh Mahmoud
Published: July 2024

While evidence of the impact of simulation in nursing education is growing, COVID-19 pandemic may carry further evaluation beyond the existing perception.
To explore Jordanian nursing students' perspectives toward utilizing high-fidelity simulation learning as alternative clinical bedside training during COVID-19 pandemic.
A qualitative thematic analysis approach was employed through direct focus group discussions. Transcripts were thematically analyzed using Marshall and Rossman's (1999) process.
Thirty-five nursing students joined seven focus group discussions. Two major themes emerged from data analysis as follow: "Restored factual training environment", and "Proficiency devoid from self-confidence". Students articulated the implication of using HFS on their knowledge, practical skills, communication, and team working. However, a criticism on HFS inability to promote self-confidence was addressed.
Despite the effectiveness of HFS in nursing education, it was viewed as incompetent for building sufficient confidence required for direct interaction with contagious patients in real settings.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO DOS AGENTES POLINIZADORES BIÓTICOS E ABIÓTICOS E SUA ATUAÇÃO NA MANUTENÇÃO DA VARIABILIDADE, ADAPTABILIDADE E DIVERSIDADE DE ESPÉCIES FLORÍSTICAS
Authors: Santos Rafael Ferreira dos , Junqueira Daniela Inácio
Published: July 2024

A mutualidade entre a flora e a fauna é vista desde estudos de Gregor Mendel e Charles Darwin, em que as interações para benefícios mútuos mantinham a vida em existência. A polinização constitui um processo essencial para a perpetuação de inúmeras espécies vegetais, podendo ocorrer de duas formas: autopolinização, quando ocorre a transferência do pólen da antera para o estigma de uma mesma flor ou de outra flor da mesma planta; e cruzada, quando o pólen de uma flor é transferido para o estigma de outra flor de uma planta diferente. A adaptabilidade das espécies com o processo de polinização permitiu que a variabilidade se estendesse devido aos agentes polinizadores, e claro, aqueles que vão além das abelhas, sendo agentes bióticos (animais), levando em consideração todos os tipos de insetos e até mamíferos, como o morcego; e agentes abióticos, como a água e o vento. Com o objetivo de identificar e classificar os diversos agentes polinizadores, mantendo a mesma importância entre eles, usou-se de estudos científicos disponibilizados na íntegra, a fim de promover o ensino-aprendizagem e a conscientização da preservação da diversidade e variabilidade floral, e consequentemente, a faunística, por intermédio dos processos de polinização. Foi possível identificar a intensificação da existência das espécies de Angiospermas, bem como suas adaptações para o processo de polinização, como por exemplo: formato de flores, cores, texturas e aromas, sendo os agentes polinizadores (bióticos e abióticos) a principal fonte de garantia da variabilidade genética das espécies, atuando na preservação e na manutenção da diversidade floral.
ENDOMETRIOSE: ASPECTOS GERAIS, DESAFIOS E IMPACTO
Authors: Bernardi Júlia Anfra , Cintra Mariangela Torreglosa Ruiz , Marqui Alessandra Bernadete Trovó de
Published: July 2024

A endometriose é um distúrbio ginecológico complexo. É considerado um problema de saúde pública, com repercussão negativa em todas as esferas na vida das mulheres afetadas, incluindo o pessoal, psicológico, social, profissional, conjugal e sexual. O presente estudo teve como objetivo informar e atualizar os profissionais da área da saúde sobre a endometriose, com destaque para os aspectos gerais, desafios e impactos associados a essa condição. Para sua elaboração, foi utilizada como fonte a literatura científica especializada, publicada principalmente nos últimos 5 anos.
Zarządzanie informacją w dynamicznym środowisku biznesowym – studium przypadku organizacji fraktalnych
Authors: Brzozowska Anna
Published: July 2024

W dzisiejszych organizacjach zarządzanie informacją w warunkach ciągłych zmian otoczenia gospodarczego odgrywa istotną rolę. Rozszerzone możliwości pozyskiwania zasobów finansowych i materialnych sprawiły, że przeprowadzenie procesów gospodarczych nie jest już takim wyzwaniem jak wcześniej. Obecnie kluczowymi kwestiami są umiejętności szybkiego pozyskiwania, efektywnego gromadzenia, odpowiedniego przetwarzania i racjonalnego wykorzystywania informacji gospodarczej, co może przynieść przewagę konkurencyjną. Współczesne przedsiębiorstwa, funkcjonujące w dynamicznie zmieniającym się otoczeniu, mogą skorzystać z teorii fraktali, aby zrozumieć swoje zachowanie. Koncepcja organizacji fraktalnej, która doskonale odpowiada wymaganiom działania w turbulentnym i konkurencyjnym środowisku, może być również przydatna w budowaniu skutecznych systemów zarządzania informacją w organizacji, które są w stanie sprostać rosnącej zmienności otoczenia. Przedmiotem artykułu jest analiza roli zarządzania informacją w warunkach ciągłych zmian otoczenia gospodarczego, z uwzględnieniem sposobów, w jakie organizacje mogą wykorzystać teorię fraktali do skutecznego zarządzania informacją i budowania przewagi konkurencyjnej. Artykuł zawiera opisowe i porównawcze metody analityczne oraz metody syntetyczne w celu zbadania i porównania różnych podejść do zarządzania informacjami. W badaniu wykorzystano statystyki mierzonych zmiennych testu W Shapiro Wilka oraz korelacje r Pearsona do opracowania modelu regresji wielokrotnej dla zmiennej zależnej.
Matrícula escolar de nivel superior por área de conocimiento y regiones en México 2010–2022
Authors: Arroyo Arroyo Ignacio , Vázquez Olarra Glafira , Hernández Oceguera Eva Angelina
Published: July 2024

The objective of the research is to describe the behavior of enrollment in Mexico from the school year 2010-2011 to 2021-2022 divided by area of knowledge in the eight regions of the country. A quantitative approach was used, with a non-experimental type and an exploratory-descriptive scope in an evolutionary way, taking information from the ANUIES about public higher education institutions, and schooling modality. Throughout the country, from the 2010-2011 cycle there was an enrollment were 1,933,907 to 2021-2022 with 3,493,562 students. The areas with the highest enrollment are Engineering, Manufacturing and Construction; Social Sciences and Law; along with Administration and Business. In the last twelve years, enrollment in Mexico has increased by 44.64%; being the area of Services the one that grew the most with 63.94% along with that of Natural Sciences, Mathematics and Statistics with 58.7%. The one that had a decrease was the Area of Education Sciences with -52.24%; and Information and Communication Sciences with just 5.12% growth. In the last school year 2021-2022 with respect to the previous one; the ones that grew the most were Education Sciences (10.49%) and Information and Communication Technologies (12.23%).
Transculturación digital: reflexión de un cambio permanente en la educación superior
Authors: Ramírez Martinell Alberto , González Martínez José Ricardo
Published: July 2024

As part of a series of reflections from a postdoctoral project, this essay presents the notion of digital transculturation among educators in higher education, addressing the evolution from computational and informational culture towards a digital culture. It starts from the emergence of personal computers with graphical user interfaces to the explosion of software packages, a condition that transformed computer usage and its integration into higher education institutions, leading to the production and consumption of digital content, thereby giving rise to a permanent acculturation in the use of ICT.

From this backdrop, a reflection is made on the transformation of digital culture in higher education, considering technological evolution, the appropriation of computational knowledge, and digital skills as cultural elements from a digital dimension. The concept of digital transculturation is used as a theoretical framework to comprehend this constantly evolving process. Approaching digital transculturation as a continuous process of change, influenced by the adoption of new technologies and the digitization of culture, the essay analyzes the adaptation of teachers to this transition, highlighting stages of resistance, adaptation, and appropriation of digital culture in educational practice.
Realidad aumentada en educación universitaria
Authors: Cárdenas Castellanos Janitzín , Camacho Vázquez Martha Ruth , Adaile Benítez Nadia Teresa , Pérez Méndez Jazmín
Published: July 2024

This study presents the “Augmented Reality in University Education” project, whose objective was to develop and evaluate mobile applications with augmented reality (AR) to improve the learning of Information Technology students at the Technological University of Nayarit. The literature review offers a clear definition of AR and documents international research on its use in education, with a specific analysis in the state of Nayarit. The research methodology was of a mixed nature, with a quasi-experimental design, in the development of the applications the agile Scrum methodology was used, subsequently implementing an experimental evaluation phase to verify the functionality and effectiveness of the apps in the educational environment; Questionnaires, observations and interviews were used to collect data on usability, motivation and improvement in student learning. Three mobile applications were created for the Data Structure and Databases subjects. The results showed that the applications are functional and were valued by students in usability, motivation and usefulness as an educational complement. The conclusions highlight that the applications allow students to use interactive models to understand abstract concepts, which improves their learning experience.
A Practitioner’s Guide to Working with Children in VE-Affiliated Families: Protecting the Rights of the Child
Authors: Demuynck Méryl , Andreeva Anna-Maria , Kefford George
Published: July 2024

The PREPARE (Promoting collaborative policies of inclusion relating to children of far right and Islamist parents in Western Europe) project aims to identify vulnerabilities and stigmas that children may face when their parents are involved in violent extremist (VE) networks, and how frontline practitioners can best address them through a collaborative approach centred on the needs of the child. It aims to support these children by supporting frontline practitioners working with these children and their families in six European countries (the Netherlands, Spain, France, Sweden, Germany and Kosovo) to develop a state-of-the-art Child Vulnerability and Intervention Tool and training modules for practitioners. Central to the PREPARE project is ensuring that human rights, the rule of law, and children’s rights remain at the forefront throughout the development and implementation of interventions and programmes aimed at supporting children of families with links to VE. This report thus aims to provide guidance for practitioners on how to support these children through a human rights- and rule of law-compliant approach, that centres on children’s needs, well-being, and long-term prospects, and helps mitigate the risks of stigmatisation, polarisation, and discrimination. This report starts by providing an overview of the rights of the child, as defined in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC), including the four general principles that should inform the implementation of all other rights, as well as any decisions and interventions affecting children, namely the non-discrimination principle, the best interests of the child, the child’s inherent right to life, survival and development, and the child’s right to express their views freely. It notably aims to inform practitioners on what these rights are, to what extent children raised in families with links with VE might see some of these rights infringed upon, as well as how they should inform their work. Finally, this report focuses on providing guidance on identified good practices to support children growing in families with links to VE, which include adopting victim-centred, individually-tailored, gender- and age- conscious approach, developing multidisciplinary and multi-actor programmes, and providing adequate training for practitioners. In addition, the report will further address some of the key challenges and practises to avoid in regards to the safeguarding the rights of children in families with links to VE. Practices to avoid notably include security-centred approaches, one-size-fits-all responses, practices causing re-traumatisation, lack of trust between children and implementers, lack of and/or inadequate training, and lack of long-term funding to ensure sustainable support for children having been exposed to VE environments.
How to respond to Quran desecrations? What we can learn from earlier incidents
Authors: van Ginkel Bibi , Knoope Peter
Published: July 2024

In 2008, the Dutch government prepared a strategic communications campaign to prevent and to manage a potential fall out in terms of polarisation in society and rising security risks as a result of the broadcasting of the Islam-critical movie ‘Fitna’, produced by a Dutch politician. The Dutch government learned lessons from the response by the Danish government to the Mohammed cartoon riots in 2005 to inform its own strategic communication campaign. The authors of this Policy Brief reflect on the lessons of this successful campaign to offer recommendations to governments on how to respond to the recent Quran desecrations.
The Weaponization of Deepfakes: Digital Deception on the Far-Right
Authors: Busch Ella , Ware Jacob
Published: July 2024

In an ever-evolving technological landscape, digital disinformation is on the rise, as are its political consequences. In this paper, we explore the creation and distribution of synthetic media by malign actors, specifically a form of artificial intelligence-machine learning (AI/ML) known as the deepfake. Individuals looking to incite political violence are increasingly turning to deepfakes–specifically deepfake video content–in order to create unrest, undermine trust in democratic institutions and authority figures, and elevate polarised political agendas. We present a new subset of individuals who may look to leverage deepfake technologies to pursue such goals: far-right extremist (FRE) groups. Despite their diverse ideologies and worldviews, we expect FREs to similarly leverage deepfake technologies to undermine trust in the American government, its leaders, and various ideological ‘out-groups.' We also expect FREs to deploy deepfakes for the purpose of creating compelling radicalising content that serves to recruit new members to their causes. Political leaders should remain wary of the FRE deepfake threat and look to codify federal legislation banning and prosecuting the use of harmful synthetic media. On the local level, we encourage the implementation of “deepfake literacy” programs as part of a wider countering violent extremism (CVE) strategy geared towards at-risk communities. Finally, and more controversially, we explore the prospect of using deepfakes themselves in order to “call off the dogs” and undermine the conditions allowing extremist groups to thrive.
PENGERINGAN KACANG TANAH MENGGUNAKAN MESIN PENGERING TIPE RAK HORIZONTAL (MULTI SMART SEED DRAYER)
Authors: Adila Hifdzil , Indarto  , Damion Deka
Published: July 2024

Kacang tanah merupakan produk holtikultura yang memiliki kandungan nutrisi yang tinggi, namun kacang tanah bersifat semi perishable sehingga memiliki umur simpan yang tidak lama. Kandungan air yang tinggi yang ada pada kacang tanah dapat dikurangi dengan pengeringan. Metode pengeringan menggunakan mesin pengering tipe rak horizontal mampu mengoptimalkan proses pengeringan khususnya pada benih karena dapat dilakukan pada waktu yang diinginkan sehingga kacang tanah dapat memiliki umur simpan yang lebih panjang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh mesin pengering tipe rak horizontal terhadap karakteristik pengeringan benih kacang tanah berupa kadar air, laju pengeringan serta perbedaan suhu, kelembapan dan lama waktu pengeringan. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan yaitu dengan menggunakan mesin pengering tipe rak dengan memanfaatkan prinsip kerja dari mesin MSSD (Multi Seed Smart Drayer) dan dilakaukan pengukuran kadar air awal menggunakan metode gravimetri. Data perubahan massa benih kemudian dianalisis sehingga didapatkan data penurunan kadar air, laju pengeringan. Data suhu dan kelembapan didapat dari data logger. Berdasarkan analisis yang telah dilakukan, nilai karakteristik pengeringan biji kacang tanah serta perubahan suhu dan kelembapan menunjukkan perbedaan nilai pada setiap rak. Setelah dilakukan pengeringan selama 6 jam, kadar air awal benih kacang tanah yang bernilai 23,80% berkurang dengan nilai 17,20%.
PEMANFAATAN SAMPAH KULIT DURIAN (DURIO ZIBETHINUS) MENJADI BAHAN BAKU BIO-BATERAI RAMAH LINGKUNGAN
Authors: Salsabila Annisa , Putri Desi Az Zahra , Ambomasse Nurfadila M
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengurangi sampah kulit durian dengan membuat bahan baku bio-baterai yang ramah lingkungan. Selain itu penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk menguji keefektifan baterai dengan melakukan pengujian tegangan, arus, dan daya. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen dengan metode yang digunakan observasi dan pengukuran. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh baterai pasta dengan variasi perbandingan massa kulit durian dan massa elektrolit menghasilkan tegangan dan arus listrik yang bervariasi. Variasi yang optimal adalah pada kombinasi pertama dengan 5 gr kulit durian dan 20 gr elektrolit, yang menghasilkan daya tertinggi sebesar 4.50 Watt. Tidak terlihat pengaruh yang signifikan antara massa kulit durian dan massa elektrolit terhadap tegangan dan arus listrik pada baterai pasta. Baterai pasta dengan full durian menghasilkan tegangan, arus listrik, dan daya yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan baterai pasta dengan variasi perbandingan massa kulit durian dan massa elektrolit.
Letter to the Editor Regarding the Paper “Coping with Gender Dysphoria in a Rural Environment during Adolescence”
Authors: Ribeirinho Marques André
Published: July 2024

N/a.
Implementação da Resource Description And Access (RDA)
Authors: Faria Cleide  Vieira de , Lourenço Cíntia Azevedo , Pereira Frederico Cesar Mafra
Published: July 2024

Introdução: Resource Description and Access (RDA) são diretrizes que orientam a criação de metadados dos recursos informacionais disponibilizados nos catálogos online das bibliotecas. Compreende-se que elaborar estratégias para administrar a implementação da RDA facilita o processo e motiva a comunidade bibliotecária a adotar a nova norma. Objetivo: apresentar os aspectos relevantes que possam contribuir para o gerenciamento da implementação da RDA nas bibliotecas. Metodologia: pesquisa bibliográfica com abordagem qualitativa, por meio das bases Portal Capes, Scopus Elsevier, Brapci, BDTD, OasisBr, com uso da técnica de análise de conteúdo Bardin (2011). Resultados: apresentação dos aspectos considerados relevantes em categorias: (1) Recursos humanos e financeiros; (2) RDA Toolkit (3); Treinamento em RDA; (4) Procedimentos de catalogação: decisões, políticas e documentações; (5) Preparação do sistema de gestão de bibliotecas; (6) Suportes e ferramentas tecnológicas. Conclusão: a implementação da RDA nas bibliotecas envolve inovações, oportunidades e desafios. A biblioteca inova ao alinhar-se às práticas contemporâneas das demais bibliotecas, facilitando a troca de dados durante a catalogação, preparando-a para um futuro com dados vinculados.  Considera-se como oportunidade a capacitação dos profissionais em catalogação, a melhoria dos serviços, como a atualização das documentações e o fortalecimento do controle de autoridades. Os desafios incluem os custos de implementação, a necessidade de tradução da ferramenta RDA Toolkit, a elaboração eficaz do treinamento para a equipe e das políticas de catalogação, e a preparação do sistema de gestão de bibliotecas. Superar esses desafios exigirá esforços coordenados e estratégias sólidas para garantir uma transição suave e bem-sucedida para a RDA.
DENTAL CARIES PREVENTION THROUGH EDUCATION AND GIVING FLUORIDE FOR ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Jumriani  , Liasari Ira , Thioritz Ernie , Septa Badai , Asriawal  , Priyambodo R. Ardian
Published: July 2024

Background: Dental caries among elementary school students remain high to this day. The occurrence of dental caries is often linked to poor oral hygiene, leading to damage in the tooth's hard tissues. A promotive and preventive approach is necessary, especially for elementary school students during the critical period of transitioning from primary to permanent dentition. Objective: This community engagement program aimed to improve dental hygiene and oral health among elementary school students through education, mass toothbrushing activities, and giving topical fluoride. Method: The methodology included dental hygiene and caries examinations, followed by educational sessions, mass toothbrushing activities, and the administration of topical fluoride to protect teeth from caries attacks. The evaluation of success is determined by comparing the oral hygiene index before and after the activity. Results: The evaluation results indicate that the educational outreach and mass toothbrushing campaign have had a positive impact on improving the overall oral hygiene levels of students. The number of students classified under the "good" category has increased, while those in the "fair" and "poor" categories have shown a decrease. Conclusion: The comprehensive approach, comprising dental health education, mass toothbrushing sessions, and the administration of fluoride during this community service initiative, has proven to yield positive benefits in enhancing the oral hygiene of students.