bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of Desert Cooler Design to Control Humidity and Temperature
Authors: Singh Abhishek Pratap , Jain Anuj Kumar , Vashishtha Darpan , Singh Manveer
Published: January 2023

Normal desert cooler works on the process of evaporative cooling and as a result moisture content of the air is increased. A normal desert cooler in the time of monsoon in humid regions are not very effective. So, aim is to develop an air cooler which doesn’t humidify the air and cools it sensibly and hence can be used during the monsoon season as well. This is a type of dual mode cooler which can Work Both As A Normal Desert Cooler And Can Be Switched To Non-humidifying whenever needed like in monsoon season or rainy days. In this mode, the water is made to pass through the tubes and water does not come in direct contact with the air and therefore no water is added into the air. It is found from the experiment a decrease of around 3-4 (°C) in room temperature. However this cooling effectiveness is a little lower than the conventional desert cooler. But the positive is that this cooling is without a significant increase in the humidity level of the air .This cooling can further be increased by using a material of higher thermal conductivity and also by increasing the area covered by the tubes.
Design of Solar Powered UAV
Authors: Kesari Janardan Prasad , Shakya Abhishek
Published: January 2023

This paper summarizes the final project of undergraduate student of the faculty of Mechanical Engineering at the DTU, New Delhi, India. The project’s aim is to design, build, test and fly a solar powered Unmanned Aerial Vehicle. Integrating solar energy into modern aircraft technology has been a topic of interest and has received a lot of attention from researchers over the last two decades. A few among the many potential applications of this technology are the possibility of continuous self-sustained flight for purposes such as information relay, surveillance and monitoring. The use of UAS is increasing rapidly due to the reduced production and operating cost compared to the large conventional aircraft.
QFD Concepts Integrated with Design of Indian Military Vehicles
Authors: Shukla M. K. , Chauhan B. S. , Rai Ashutosh Kumar
Published: January 2023

The design requirement of military vehicles is very specific, unique and of high reliability. The product design is exclusively for particular purpose to suit defense requirement i.e. maneuverability, survivability and combat. The design of the product generated based on customer voice by way of Quality Function Deployment reveals optimum satisfaction of user. The paper describes how Q.F.D. can be applied as a tool with good potential to ascertain the product design having rare specification of the product to fulfill the requirements of army personnel. QFD presents a prime facie case for being a powerful tool for the transformation of vague, imprecise, customer requirements in the clear measurable technical requirements.
Influence of pentagonal texture on performance of slider bearing
Authors: Minhas Manjeet Singh , Awasthi R. K.
Published: January 2023

Surface texture acts as reservoir and generating additional micro-hydrodynamic lift effect resulting improving tribological performance of bearing. The parametric analysis for influence of pentagonal surface texture on stationary surface of non-parallel slider bearing has been studied. In the isothermal condition, Navier-Stokes equation has been solved by finite volume method using ANSYS FLUENT. The bearing performance in terms of load carrying capacity, friction force and coefficient of fluid film friction have been calculated and normalized. Pentagonal texture with different area ratio has been modeled. Optimization of dimple parameters i.e. area ratio, height ratio, orientation and number of dimples in terms of hydrodynamic performance of bearing are investigated. It is observed that single dimple with right edge parallel to transverse axis having better performance. The load carrying capacity is increased with width and depth of texture up to a certain value after this vortex formation is occurred. Also the friction force is reduced with wider and deeper texture. This optimized dimple is offset toward left to transverse axis. Offset dimple shows best tribological performance of bearing.
Industrial Importance of Aluminium-Fly Ash Composite and Its Application-A Review
Authors: Sharma Pankaj Kr , Dwivedi Shashi Prakash , Gautam Vijay , Gupta Amit Kr
Published: January 2023

The present investigation has been focused on utilization of waste fly ash in useful manner by dispersing it in aluminum matrix to produce composite. In the present work, fly-ash which mainly consists of refractory oxides like silica, alumina, and iron oxides, was used as the reinforcing phase and to increase the wet ability magnesium and silicon were added. Composites were produced with different percentages of reinforcing phase. Al-fly ash composite is electrically conductive and can be processed by ECM, Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM).
A Study on Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Aluminum Metal Matrix Composite Reinforced With TiO2and Graphene Oxide
Authors: Narwate Manjunath M , K. N. Mohandas
Published: January 2023

Graphene and its derivatives have been comprehensively studied as an innovative material for various engineering applications. These materials have excellent mechanical properties such as high strength to weight ratio, stiffness, and modulus of elasticity. In present work, attempts were made to incorporate the graphene oxide in various compositions (0.5. 0.75 and 1.0 wt.%) to newly developed AA7075 - TiO2 reinforced aluminum metal matrix composites. Stir casting technique was used to fabricate the AA7075 - TiO2 - Graphene oxide composite. The newly prepared composite specimens were subjected to microstructure, hardness, tensile, and wear examinations. Microstructure examination reveals uniform distribution of reinforcements. Hardness, ultimate tensile strength and wear resistance of prepared composites increased with increase in reinforcement percentage in matrix.
Digital Education: The Cybersecurity Challenges in the Online Classroom (2019-2020)
Authors: Yousif Yaseen Kamal Aldin
Published: January 2023

E-learning or digital education is one of the advantages provided by the information revolution, which covered all fields and did not exclude the education sector, as many platforms and applications that provide distance education services were available. Students, professors, and education departments have multiple options to manage the educational and academic process. However, with all these positive advantages, this type of education entailed great risks related to cybersecurity much related research says that the education sector has the greatest percentage of attacks and threats denial of service, ransomware, and phishing attacks. This paper studies and analyses those risks using the Kaspersky DDoS Intelligence System. A part of Kaspersky DDoS Protection and explain the methods of protection for educational institutions.
Statistically Analyzing Fatal Accidents Pattern of Construction Activities in India
Authors: Patni Saket
Published: January 2023

In construction activities, fatal accidents occur frequently due to inherently dangerous nature which accounts for around 38 fatal accidents every day as reported by leading news articles.    The aim of the paper was to investigate the pattern of fatal accidents in India’s construction works by utilizing a statistical method known as frequency analysis. The methodology includes the collection of data on accidents published by government departments, private bodies, and journals related to this topic. The results were achieved by assessing the year, month, and state factors. The findings reveal that there are noticeable trends in fatal mishaps. These data can be used to offer guidance for corrective or preventive measures for occupational injuries. The pattern identified in this paper can be useful to guide the development of accident-preventative measures.
Behaviour and design of LSF walls subject to combined compression and bending actions under ambient and fire conditions
Authors:   , Peiris Mithum Chamara Shan
Published: January 2023

Light steel framed walls used in the cold-formed steel construction are subjected to combined loading in several applications. This thesis presents detailed studies on the behaviour and design of steel compression members and plasterboard sheathed wall panels subjected to combined compression and bending actions under ambient and fire conditions. Both small-scale and full-scale tests were conducted, while simple and advanced numerical models were developed, validated, and used in parametric studies. This thesis has proposed improved design methods for unsheathed and sheathed light steel compression members under ambient and fire conditions for possible adoption by industry and cold-formed steel design standards.
Humans at the dawn of the in-body electrical nerve stimulation era
Authors: Possover M
Published: January 2023

Background: The neuroprosthesis laparoscopic implantation technique for electric pelvic nerve stimulation was introduced to gynaecology over 15 years ago to treat intractable pelvic neuropathic pain. Following this first indication, other applications were developed, particularly in parapleology. The LION procedure developed to assist patients with paraplegia and common problems associated with inertia when confined to a wheelchair could find revolutionary applications in aging medicine and prevention.

Material and Methods: Spinal cord injured patients who have undergone the Possover’s LION procedure.

Main outcome measure: PubMed was systematically searched to identify peer-reviewed articles published in English that reported on LION procedure.

Results: Three independent studies published recently (100 patients worldwide) have shown revolutionary recovery of supra-spinal control in patients with chronic spinal cord injury following pelvic nerves stimulation, with 70% of them establishing a walker/crutches-assisted gait. The same studies have also shown significant whole-body muscle-mass building, peripheral vasodilatation, and an unexpected improvement in bone mineral density.

Conclusion: These ground-breaking findings could find revolutionary applications in aging medicine and the prevention of osteoporosis, with a huge impact on global public health. Humanity is on the cusp of an exciting new era following the introduction of the in-body electrical nerve stimulation technique.

What’s new? In-body electrical nerve stimulation for recovery and/or control of human peripheral somatic and autonomic nervous systems.
Entre mythe et histoire : stratégie d’une vérité étiologique sur le champ politique africain dans En attendant le vote des bêtes sauvages de Kourouma
Authors: Amouzou Emile
Published: January 2023

L’œuvre d’Ahmadou Kourouma a donné au mythe une vitalité dans la critique littéraire africaine. Outre le mythe, son écriture romanesque tisse un lien étroit avec l’Histoire. L’écrivain mêle savamment mythe et histoire, brouillant ainsi les frontières entre la réalité et la fiction. Dans En attendant le vote des bêtes sauvages, mythe et histoire y sont mis en coalescence pour traduire un point de vue auctorial sur l’avènement du champ politique africain. À partir d’une analyse mythocritique, la réécriture de mythes, mêlés à l’histoire de l’Afrique politique postcoloniale, inscrit le champ politique africain dans une intemporalité et une vérité absolue liée à un destin originel et à une responsabilité de l’Homme noir plutôt qu’à un bouc-émissaire colonial.
Զբոսաշրջությունը Ռուսաստանում ռուս-ուկրաինական պատերազմից առաջ և պատերազմի ընթացքում / Tourism in Russia Before and During the Russian-Ukrainian War
Authors: TOVMASYAN Gayane
Published: January 2023

Russia has many tourism attractions that form a basis for the development of many types of tourism. The paper presents the main statistical data on tourism in Russia before and during the war.
According to the data, in 2021 7.1 million incoming tourists visited Russia, and in the first half of 2022
- 3.7 million tourists, which is 29.6% more than in the same period of the previous year.
The number of tourist trips of Russian citizens abroad in 2021 increased by 55.3% compared to
2020 and amounted to 19.2 million trips. In 2021, only 432,429 tourists from Russia visited Armenia,
the highest figure was in 2019 - 544,034 people.
The number of tourist trips of Russian citizens abroad in the first half of 2022 increased by 36.1%
compared to the first half of 2021 and amounted to 8.0 million trips.
In 2021, the total contribution of travel and tourism to GDP in Russia amounted to 3.7% of the total
economy (4862.3 billion rubles).
The Russian-Ukrainian war caused significant economic damage throughout the world. Together,
Russian and Ukrainian tourists spent a total of $45 billion a year before the COVID-19 pandemic.
According to forecasts this year up to 45 million Russians will travel within their country. This is 10
times more than the number of people traveling to Turkey. Due to the Russian-Ukrainian war, the
number of Russian tourists to Armenia has increased. Taking into account the high potential of the
Russian market as a target market for Armenia, its large population, we can attract more tourists from
Russia
ԱՄՆ դոլարի փոխարժեքը Հայաստանում. մտորումներ պատճառների և հեռանկարների շուրջ / US Dollar Rate in Armenia: Reflections on Reasons and Prospects
Authors: AGHABEKYAN Edgar
Published: January 2023

The increase in the number of visitors to Armenia, caused by the Russian-Ukrainian war, creates
fairly good economic activity conditions. However, on the other hand, the depreciation of the US dollar
against the Dram creates problems for exporters and fund managers. In the paper, the author tries
to reveal the macroeconomic and market reasons for the depreciation of the US dollar against the
Armenian Dram outlining a general perspective. In fact, the banking system, which is the most significant market participant, cannot absorb foreign exchange flows indefinitely, which leads to a fall in
the exchange rate. However, the policy pursued by the Central Bank is aimed at regulating temporary
foreign exchange savings, which keeps the market from significant shocks. The external environment
and political processes remain the main factors in this trend unless substantial changes are made to
the internal system.
«Զանգեզուրի միջանցքի» շահարկումների մասին / About Speculations on “Zangezur Corridor”
Authors: HOVYAN Vahram
Published: January 2023

After the 44-day Artsakh war the leaders of Azerbaijan and Turkey in the context of deblocking
regional communications continuously speak about “Zangezur corridor”, though neither during official
negotiations, nor in adopted documents such a phrase exists. This phenomenon might have three explanations, one of which is of strategic, and the other two – of psychological character. The last two
explanations might be characterized as a means for psychological pressure and “King Arshak’s Syndrome”. The above-mentioned three factors are interconnected to a certain degree: two psychological
factors are means for serving to the first one as a strategic goal.
New data about the evolution and phylogenetic relations of brachiopod families Basiliolidae and Cyclothyrididae on the basis of Late Cretaceous rhynchonellids from Bulgaria
Authors: Motchurova-Dekova Neda
Published: January 2023

On the basis of investigations of Bulgarian Late Cretaceous Rhynchonellida an attempt is made to outline some trends in the development and phylogenetic relations among them. The fam. Basiliolidae is represented by the genera Orbirhynchia and Parthirhynchia. It is suggested that Parthirhynchia derived from Orbirhynchia directly or by unknown till now link. Fam. Cyclothyrididae is represented by the genera Cyclothyris, Cretirhynchia and Septatoechia. The author maintains the view of Lobacheva and Smirnova that Lamellaerhynchia should be considered as synonym of Cyclothyris taking into consideration the established vast variability within the inner and outer shell morphology of Cyclothyris. Some evolutionary trends in the development of Cyclothyris are outlined. For Cretirhynchia it is suggested that the type of the ribs cannot have a high taxonomic value and cannot be used for subdividing the genus because transitions between "Cr. plicatilis" and "Cr. exculpta" series are found. But the presence or absence of ribs can be used as characteristic for subdividing. It is considered that Septatoechia derived from some of simple ribbed Cretirhynchia.
Turonian ammonites from Breznik area (Southwestern Bulgaria)
Authors: Minev Velislav
Published: January 2023

Six Turonian ammonite species from the region between the towns of Breznik and Trăn are determinated: Lewesiceras peramplum (Mantell), Collignoniceras woollgari (Mantell), C. carolinum (d’Orbigny), C. bravaisianum (d’Orbigny), Subprionocyclus neptuni (Geinitz) and Scaphites genitzii (d’Orbigny). They belong to 4 genera and 3 families of Ammonitina and Ancyloceratina suborders. Two of them, C. bravaisianum and S. neptuni, are described for the first time in Bulgaria. All of the established species are important for the Upper Cretaceous stratigraphy, especially Collignoniceras woollgari and Subprionocyclus neptuni, which are zonal indexes of the standard Middle and Upper Turonian ammonite zones of the same name.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERCEIVED SOCIAL SUPPORT WITH A MOTIVATION AND MENTAL WELL-BEING OF ASPIRING ENTREPRENEURS
Authors:   udent, Institute of Professional Psychology, Bahria University Karachi Campus, Asghar Humna , Yahya Inshra ,   Student, Institute of Professional Psychology, Bahria University Karachi Campus, Anis Maria ,   Lecturer, Institute of Professional Psychology, Bahria University Karachi Campus
Published: January 2023

The current study aimed to identify the relationship between Perceived Social Support with A-Motivation and Mental Well-Being of Aspiring Entrepreneurs. The study used a quantitative research design for data collection. It employed the convenience sampling technique, gathering information from 300 participants, out of which 188 participants were selected using scales, viz. Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), Work Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation Scale (WEIMS) and The Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (WEMWBS). Participants’ age lay between 16 and 45. Data was collected from people, who belonged to a business-related educational background, with start-ups that reached their operational stage such as incubation centers, who aimed to start an E-business and had social media accounts with minimum 50 followers, and who enrolled in the institutes within premised of Karachi. The procedure began by taking permission from higher authorities and distributing survey forms to individuals. The findings of this study revealed a significant weak positive relationship between Perceived Social Support and Mental Well-Being of Aspiring Entrepreneurs, and no relationship was determined between Perceived Social Support and A-Motivation. The alpha value of Perceived Social Support, A-Motivation and Mental Well-Being was (α=0.778), (α=0.669) and (α=0.888). The Sig. (2-tailed) value for Mental Well-Being was 0.000. Keywords: Perceived Social Support, A-Motivation, Mental Well-Being, Aspiring Entrepreneurs, Correlation
REVISITING THE DETERMINANTS AND CHALLENGES OF CHINA-PAKISTAN ECONOMIC CORRIDOR (CPEC) THROUGH THE LENS OF PUBLIC OPINION
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Centre for South Asian Studies, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Mahmood Arfan , Askari Muhammad Usman ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science and International Relations,  University of Central Punjab, Lahore
Published: January 2023

The world has witnessed the establishment of regional and global strategic environment and the 21st century is no exception. It helps encouraging geo-economical and geostrategic partnership among countries. The Belt and Road initiative (BRI) of which China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is a flagship project is a major developmental project. The CPEC, undeniably, presents ample opportunities and to both China and Pakistan, it is not a smooth sailing ship as it is jolted by high winds and thrashing waves from all sides. It has invited discontent from inside and criticism from the outside from the very beginning. These voices of discontent especially from the ethnic groups living in close proximity of CPEC projects occasionally have resulted into creating an impression that this project would be doomed. This paper is an attempt to revisit the determinants and challenges that Islamabad is facing both from inside and the outside to implement this mega project. More specifically, it analyses the internal discontent that is reflected through protests by various ethnic groups that feel deprived of the promised economic fruits of this project. It further seeks to evaluate the challenges that exist in the form of public support and public concerns about the promised benefits of CPEC projects. This study is qualitative in nature that utilizes both primary and secondary sources of data collection. Significantly high level of awareness is found among masses about CPEC but public support and concerns are posing serious challenges for the government. Analyzing both the internal and external challenges, a strong resolve have been demonstrated by both Pakistan and China to counter these threats pragmatically. The internal discontent of the various ethnic groups poses a serious challenge, so it is imperative to address the grievances of these aggrieved groups on practical grounds. Keywords: Strategic partnership; Determinants; Challenges; China-Pakistan Economic Corridor; Belt and Road Initiative; Discontent; Criticism; Ethnic groups etc.
EXHIBITION OF MASCULINITY AMONG MIGRANT MEN: PREDISPOSING FACTOR OF SEXUAL RISK BEHAVIOR
Authors:   Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Khan Mumraiz
Published: January 2023

Masculinity has been recognized as a significant influence on risky sexual behavior. The migrant men present various sexual risk behaviors. The present study aims to explore migrant men's perspectives on the construction of masculinity and to understand their experiences and engagement in risky sexual behavior in Rawalpindi, Pakistan. This anthropological study included 14 focus group discussions with migrant men aged 18-45 years in the Commercial Market of Rawalpindi. The data were collected from the informal focus group discussions. The data were analyzed by using thematic inductive analysis presented by Clarke. The research results represent that masculine behavior among migrant men leads to risky sexual behavior. It was found that an autonomous living structure with peer groups and increased avenues of expression of sexual desire due to being away from families enhance the risky sexual behavior of migrant men. Such behaviors lead them to indulge in risky sexual practices with low-paid commercial sex workers or non-commercial partners, mostly without availing any protective measures. Furthermore, the normative behavior of migrant men, including peer pressure, economic independence, opportunity structure, and homogeneous population, were the significant factors that led to risky sexual behavior. The study suggests that such behavior remains an essential practice to conform to social expectations and norms aligned with masculinity in the Pakistani urban male population. Therefore, there is a need to address the gender norms that lead to masculine behavior among the migrant population. Keywords: masculinity, risky sexual behavior, migrant men, peer pressure, real man, hegemonic masculinity.
Fracture mechanics of cellular structures: past, present, and future directions
Authors: Shahbazian B. , Mirsayar M. M.
Published: January 2023

This review article aims to provide a greater understanding of on-going research in fracture behavior of additively manufacturable microcellular structures. Despite growing recent investigations in the mechanics of microcellular structures, predominantly on their constitutive behavior and structural optimization, understanding the fracture behavior is still in its infancy, particularly for functionally patterned microcellular structures. While presenting a comprehensive review of the past and current research activities, this paper discusses potential future directions that are necessary to fully cover unexplored areas in this field.
Design modification and performance evaluation of mini-hydrostatic pressure apparatus for inclined plane circular surface
Authors: Muhammed Lawal Nasiru , Iyenagbe Ugheoke Benjamin , Wali Muhammed I.
Published: January 2023

Mini-Hydrostatic Pressure Apparatus (MHSPA), of spatial size 230×210×210 mm3, was developed for individual or limited number of users to promote Covid-19 social distance protocol. A solid hemisphere with an inclined circular segment made from gypsum material (CaSO2.0.5H2 O) and coated with filler putty and oil paint, is used in place of the regular quadrants. With the solid attached to a horizontal beam mounted over a pivot, hydrostatic forces due to liquids were measured at different heights of water. The results showed that the assembly could be used to demonstrate variation of hydrostatic pressure on circular surfaces at different heights of liquid with an average difference of 4.38% against average theoretical values. Compared to other results from the use of conventional quadrants in literature, the associated error is minimal, and indicates the possibility of adopting the apparatus in school laboratories for static pressure demonstration.
Experimental investigation of tensile, flexural and hardness properties of polyester resin echinatus fiber reinforced composite material
Authors: Mekonen Belete Ambachew , Bogale Teshome Mulatie
Published: January 2023

Nowadays, composites made of plant-based fibers may be used to polymer resin synthetic fiber reinforced composites since they are less expensive, renewable, abundant, less abrasive, and lightweight. Echinatus fiber obtained from the stem of the echinatus plant in an abundant amount. The main objective of this study was to develop echinatus polyester-resin fiber reinforced composite material and investigate its flexural strength, hardness and tensile strength. Echinatus plant was collected and echinatus fiber was extracted by the decortication process from the echinatus plants manually, and treated with 5% NaOH for the improvement of bond and interfacial shear strength. And then, the test specimens were manufactured using a mass fraction with 0 , 45 and 90 orientations using technique of hand lay-up. The tensile strength, hardness, and flexural strength were investigated using samples that were prepared according to the ASTM standards. 70% echinatus fiber to 30% polyester composite material with 0 orientation was found as the material with maximum tensile strength of 60.60 MPa, flexural strength of 96.8 MPa, and hardness values of 44.54 HRA. Considering the mechanical properties’ experimental results, echinatus fiber-reinforced composite with 70% fiber at 0 orientation can be good substitutes for synthetic materials.
A micromechanical study on the correlation of the microstructure and failure mechanism of dual-phase steels under tension
Authors: Mohsenzadeh M.S.
Published: January 2023

In this study, the influence of the volume fraction of the martensite phase as well as the size of the martensite particles on the mechanism of particle fracture in dual-phase steel were examined. A combined continuum/dislocation based approach was used in order to model the average stress in the martensite particles. It was found that the model predictions are in accordance with the experimental results. For the same volume fraction of the martensite particles, the model predicts an increase of the internal stress and the average stress in the martensite particles with increasing the particles size. Since the fracture strength of the martensite depends on its volume fraction, the particle size has no effect on the mechanism of particle fracture. Increasing the volume fraction of the martensite particles results in the enhancement of the internal stress in the martensite particles. However, it has a slight influence on the average stress in the particles. Nevertheless, because of decreasing the fracture strength of martensite with increasing its volume fraction, this parameter has a main role in the occurrence of the particle fracture mechanism.
Standardization of Dengen Bark Extract (Dillenia serrata) for Emulgel Product Development
Authors: Sinala Santi , Ibrahim Ismail , Rosmala Dewi Sisilia Teresia , Pakadang Sesilia Rante , Jumain Jumain , Arisanty Arisanty
Published: January 2023

Medicinal raw materials derived from plants must be standardized in order to guarantee the quality, stability and safety of medicinal preparations containing these raw materials. Extract standardization includes two parameters, namely specific parameters and non-specific parameters. Dengen plant is one of the endemic plants of the island of Sulawesi which has been used by the community for several treatments. For the development of medicinal raw materials from this part of the dengen plant, it first needs to be standardized. This research is an experimental research. The ethanol extract of the dengen bark was obtained by extraction method and then tested for specific and non-specific parameters. The results obtained on organoleptic examination are brownish red color, characteristic odor, thick texture, and astringent taste. The content of soluble compounds in water is 6.16 ± 0.125%, the content of soluble compounds in ethanol is 44.61 ± 0.15%, contains flavonoid compounds, saponins and tannins, ash content is 4.17 ± 0.0285%, ash content is not soluble in acids. 0.024 ± 0.03%, moisture content 21.08 ± 0.209%, specific gravity 0.8256 ± 0.002 (5%), 0.8248 ± 0.005 (10%), total bacterial and mold/yeast contamination < 1.0 x 101 with negative mold/yeast culture, heavy metal content (mercury-Hg) 0.3335 g/g, Copper-Cu < 0.01 g/g, Lead-Pb 0.094 g/g. Based on the results of the study, the ethanolic extract of the stem bark of dengen ( Dillenia serrata ) has met the applicable standardization requirements for extracts which include specific and non-specific parameters as medicinal raw materials.
ADR profile among healthcare workers on Hydroxychloroquine prophylaxis in a tertiary care teaching hospital in India
Authors: Rani Neha , Deb Tirthankar , Beniwal Ankita , Singh Astha
Published: January 2023

Background: WHO has declared Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) as pandemic on 11th March 2020. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) chemoprophylaxis has been approved by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) for asymptomatic healthcare workers treating suspected or confirmed COVID-19 cases and asymptomatic household contacts of confirmed patients. However, there is a scarcity of data regarding the efficacy and safety of HCQ for COVID-19 prophylaxis and treatment. Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate the adverse drug reaction (ADR) profile of HCQ prophylaxis among healthcare workers in a tertiary care teaching hospital in India. Methods: A Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Kalpana Chawla Medical College and Hospital, Karnal for duration of 3 months (April-June 2020). The study was performed on the reported ADRs due to HCQ prophylaxis by the healthcare workers to the ADR monitoring centre of the institute during this period. Results: Gastrointestinal disturbance such as loose stool (16.4%) and hyperacidity (14.9%) were the most commonly reported ADRs during the study period. The incident rate of adverse drug reactions was 23.7%. The number of ADRs was found to be significantly (p<0.01) more in female as compared to male. We have observed that most of the reactions were reported following the 1st day loading dose. Conclusions: Our results showed that gastrointestinal system was most commonly affected. Loose stool and hyperacidity were most frequently reported ADRs due to HCQ prophylaxis. Larger studies are required to ensure the safety of the use of HCQ as prophylaxis for COVID 19.
Standardization of Proprietary Ayurvedic Laxative Tablet Formulation – Vasulax
Authors: Patel Madhavi , Chauhan Shivangi , Patel Vishal , Soni Hardik , Trivedi Vikram
Published: January 2023

Traditional systems of medicine gain upsurge with the estimated 80% preference for maintenance of healthcare in the entire world. As a rich source for the treatment of diseases, Ayurvedic medicine’s consumption have increased day by day which has led to an increase in various forms of adulteration in raw materials. In a view of increasing demand, it is very crucial to maintain batch-to-batch consistency and efficacy avoiding adulteration and safety issues. Thus, standardization of Ayurvedic medicine in all aspects including phytochemical profiling becomes crucial for the manufacturer. So, the present study portrays standardization of an Ayurvedic proprietary laxative tablet comprising Yashtimadhu, Swarnpatri and Aragvadha as major components. General parameters of tablet were evaluated as per Indian Pharmacopoeia method for quality control purpose. For quantification of phytoconstituents, Sennoside-B was selected as a phytomarker of Swarnpatri & Aragvadha and Monoammonium glycyrrhizinate was selected as a phytomarker of Yashtimadhu. Both the markers were effectively quantified using HPTLC method. The Sennoside B and Monoammonium glycyrrhizinate contents in formulation were found to be 5.10 % and 0.634 % w/w, respectively. These standardization tools will help in maintaining the quality and consistency of this vital Ayurvedic formulation.
Development and Validation of HPTLC Method for the Estimation of Escitalopram oxalate and Flupentixol Dihydrochloride in Pharmaceutical Formulation
Authors: Malathi S. , Ananthi H.
Published: January 2023

A simple, precise, accurate High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method has been developed and validated for the estimation of escitalopram oxalate (ESC) and flupentixol dihydrochloride (FLU) in pharmaceutical formulation. Separation was achieved on an aluminum HPTLC plate coated with a 0.2 mm layer of silica gel 60 F254 with chloroform: methanol 4:6 (v/v) as mobile phase. The densitometry analysis was carried out in absorbance mode at 254 nm. The Rf values of escitalopram and flupentixol were 0.24 and 0.44 respectively. The linearity of the method was achieved in the range 3-7 µg/spot for ESC with correlation coefficient value 0.998 and 0.3-0.7µg/spot for FLU with correlation coefficient value 0.999. The developed method was validated according to ICH guidelines and the results were statistically validated. The limit of detection and quantification for escitalopram oxalate and flupentixol dihydrochloride was found to be 500 ng/spot and 50 ng/spot, 1000 ng/spot, and 100 ng/spot respectively.
Exploration of phytochemical and in-vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic properties of Aerva sanguinolenta (L.) Blume
Authors: Sarkar Nilanjan , Farheen Sara , Chakraborty Mainak , Mukherjee Swarupananda , Kanti Haldar Pallab
Published: January 2023

The present study was aimed to investigate the phytochemical Characterization, in vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic activity of Aerva sanguinolenta (L.) Blume. This is an herb belonging to the family Amaranthaceae. Traditionally the plant is rich sources of the constituents like tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, sphingolipids, polyphenolic compounds etc. The extraction was carried out using chloroform and methanol in subsequent order of polarity. The phytochemical study was done for the identification of different bioactive compounds present in extract through the HR-LCMS study. For this study it is reported that various compounds like Thalidasine, Alpinine, Compactindiol lactone, 9Z- Octadecene dioic acid, Salviafiaside Methyl Ester, Capreomycin, Para Trifluoromethylphenol, Punicacortein B, α-Linolenic acid, Dicumarol, Euphorbia factor Ti2, Calotropin, Kaempferol 3-(2”,6”-di-(E)-p-coumarylglucoside), 6-Methylthiopurine ribonucleotide, Azelaic acid, Kaempferol 3-rhamnoside 7-xyloside, Quinolin-2-ol, Tiliroside, Amicinonide, Indoleacryli Acid, Benzocaine, Bellendine, Vindoline, Betamethasone, Fabianine, Hypercalin B, Icaceine, Canthin-6-one, Irinotecan, Convallasaponin A are present in this plant which are responsible for anti-inflammatory, anti-tumar, anti-malarial, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-cholesteremic, antiatherosclerotic, transdermal, antioxidant, anti-tubercular, anti-cancer, anticoagulant, antiangina, antihypertension, anti-microbial, antiparasitic, antifungal, antiplatelet, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, antiviral, antiallergic, immunosuppressive, antianalgesic, antidiabetic, antimitotic activities respectively. From this study it is revealed that leaves extract of Aerva sanguinolenta (L.) Blume exhibits potent antioxidant activity. The plant extract shows substantial DPPH radical scavenging, Hydroxyl radical scavenging, Nitric oxide radical scavenging, Superoxide radical scavenging activity compared to standard (Ascorbic acid). From this study it is reported that plant extract is a potent inhibitor of two key enzymes which are linked to type-2 diabetes mellitus like α-amylase and α-glucosidase.
El Rubik gris: abordaje dilemático del sistema de control de constitucionalidad paraguayo
Authors: González González Leonardo
Published: January 2023

El propósito del presente trabajo de investigación es analizar las concepciones existentes sobre los efectos del sistema de control de constitucionalidad en el Paraguay, desde una perspectiva de seguridad jurídica. Por un lado, la doctrina señala que la Constitución y las normas vigentes revelan, de manera expresa, la existencia del efecto inter partes como consecuencia de la declaración de inconstitucionalidad de la Sala Constitucional o del Pleno de la Corte Suprema de Justicia, mientras que, por el otro, la interpretación de disposiciones constitucionales realizada por la máxima instancia judicial construye la existencia de un efecto erga omnes cuando las decisiones son tomadas por su Pleno, e inter partes cuando las decisiones son tomadas por la Sala Constitucional. La existencia de estas posturas ¿puede afectar la seguridad jurídica del ciudadano? Para responder este interrogante se recurre a parámetros establecidos por H. Ávila y G. Gómetz, a fin de llegar a conclusiones relevantes que atañen principalmente a aspectos dinámicos y estáticos de la normativa que regula el control de constitucionalidad paraguayo.
Bien común clásico y Estado
Authors: Rivas Pedro
Published: January 2023

El objeto del presente estudio es considerar si es posible hablar de bien común dentro de los parámetros del Estado. Dicho de otra forma, si Estado y bien común son siquiera compatibles. La hipótesis de partida es la incompatibilidad. Para ello, se hará una aproximación al sentido originario del bien común, que toma sus raíces de la tradición clásica y medieval. Aunque esta aproximación ha sido llevada a cabo por numerosos autores, en este caso se trata de señalar precisamente aquellos rasgos del bien común clásico que van a contrastar en mayor medida con la teorización del Estado. Por ello, en esta exposición se prioriza el acceso a fuentes primarias . En un segundo momento, y de cara a afrontar el objeto mencionado en este trabajo, se consideran los cambios radicales en los presupuestos antropológicos y económico-sociales que son contemporáneos a la teorización y aparición del Estado, y que son relevantes para comprender por qué carece de sentido hablar de bien común en el marco del Estado.
Exploring Attitude toward Virtual Bank Cards Using Nudge Theory and Experimental Analysis
Authors: Anysiadou Melpomeni
Published: January 2023

Purpose: The study aimed to investigate Greek consumers' attitudes and actual behavior toward virtual bank cards and to show whether Experimental Economics can incentivize these banking products.Methodology: For data collection, a specially designed experiment was conducted among Greek consumer samples according to Experimental Economics and Nudging Theory principles. Econometric analysis was conducted through Multi-level Models and Bivariate statistical tests.Results: Results suggest that demographic characteristics such as age combined with personalization and consumer risk perception play an important role in virtual bank card adoption. The youngest consumers are optimistic about their use, while the oldest are negative. Furthermore, Experimental Economics and Nudging Theory could identify behavioral changes.Novelty: The study's novelty and uniqueness are based on investigating Greek consumers' attitudes and behavior towards new and innovative banking products, which still need to be well known. The research methodology is also a groundbreaking feature of the study, as Experimental Economics is the most appropriate method to study human behavior and its unconscious influencing factors that cannot be studied in other ways.
Sir William Johnson’s Seal or Rufus Grider’s Imagination?: A Short Story on Historical Authenticity
Authors: Starna William A.
Published: January 2023

In a collection of Rufus Grider’s drawings at the New York State Library is the tracing of a document attributed to Sir William Johnson, acquired from the Senecas of western New York in 1898. An undated version appears in the published Johnson papers. The tracing is of interest as it contains Grider’s reconstructed sketch of Johnson’s wax seal, the elements of which wend their way into present-day discussions of the “two row wampum” and the Covenant Chain. Once examined, however, Grider’s wax seal is found to be an invention, rendering contemporary accounts of its historical relevance dubious.
AN AUTOMATED SYSTEM FOR SOLVING MULTIPARAMETRIC
PROGRAMMING PROBLEMS
Authors: Avetisyan A.G. , Babayan A.N.
Published: January 2023

An automated system for solving multiparametric programming problems has
been developed. The system is designed to solve multiparametric linear and quadratic
programming problems. The parameters can exist in the coefficients of objective function as well as in the coefficients of constraint and right-hand sides. Functional dependencies of parameters can be both linear and non-linear. It is assumed that the partial
derivatives of the coefficients with parametric dependencies, right-hand sides, as well as
the functional dependencies of the solutions which are sought, do exist in respect to all
parameters.
The system prompts the user to select the class of the problem, the number of
variables, the number of parameters and the number of differential images. Then it
suggests entering the symbolic notations of the parameters, the interval of change. After
that, text fields are created, in which the coefficients of the objective function of the
optimization problem, the coefficients of the constraints and the right-hand sides are
entered symbolically. For the solution of the problem, the system uses developed
models using multidimensional differential transforms. The solutions to the problem are
given by change intervals of the parameter, in each of them by the functional
dependencies of the objective function and the variables, as well as graphical forms (in
the case of one or two parameters). The computational operations are performed in
Python 3 programming language using NumPy, SymPy, SciPy and Matplotlib libraries.
The modules for calculating differential transforms are integrated in the system.
The paper presents the results of solving a two-parameter programming
problem by using the developed system which includes 24 intervals of change of the
parameter, the functional dependencies of the solutions in each of them. The solutions
were presented both in functional and graphical forms.
DEVELOPING A TOOL FOR LOW-POWER MEMORY CELL DESIGN
Authors: Momjyan A.M. , Petrosyan A.O. , Gumroyan H.V.
Published: January 2023

Memory devices are an important part of integrated circuits. If previously the storage
capacity of memory devices did not exceed a few tens of kilobytes, now it reaches terabytes. Due to this, the design of memory devices has become more complicated both
technically and temporally. Particularly improvement of the power consumption and aging
parameters of memory devices has become difficult. One of the most important problems in
modern integrated circuits is the reduction of power consumption. Approximately 80% of
the total integrated circuit area is occupied by memory devices, they account for more than
60…70% of the total energy consumption. In static random-access memory devices, the
sense amplifiers are the ones with the most power consumption. In the process of reading,
they account for about 40% of the total power consumption.
The design time is also a major issue in the memory device production. That's why
memory devices are designed automatically using existing special libraries. And the
elements in the memory devices are designed manually, which affects their design time and
cost.
This article proposes a software tool that allows to reduce the power consumption of
sense amplifiers programmatically. In addition, it allows to effectively study the preselected parameters of the amplifiers.
PERBANDINGAN KANDUNGAN FENOLIK TOTAL, FLAVONOIDTOTAL DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK ETANOLDAUN JAMBU BOL (Syzigium malaccense L.) DAN DAUN JAMBU AIR KANCING (Syzigium aqueum)
Authors: Zahrani Primadiastri Ilavi , Dwi Wulansari Endang , Suharsanti Ririn
Published: January 2023

Leaves of malay apple (Syzygium malaccense L.) and water apple (Syzygium aqueum) are plants that contain phenolic and flavonoid compounds which have antioxidant activity. The aim of this study was to determine the differences in total phenolic content, total flavonoids and antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of malay apple leaves and water apple leaves. The extraction method uses maceration with 96% ethanol solvent in a ratio of 1:15. The ethanol extract of malay apple leaves and water apple was tested for total phenolic content using the Folin-Ciocalteu method, total flavonoids using the colorimetric method and antioxidant activity using the DPPH method. Qualitative identification of quercetin compounds was performed by densitometry tlc. In the phenolic and flavonoid content test, the total sample extract was made with a concentration of 5000 ppm. In the antioxidant activity test of the extract samples, a series of concentrations of 80, 100, 120, 140 and 160 ppm were made. The results showed that the total phenolic content in the ethanol extract of malay apple leaves has an average of 12.5149 mgGAE/g and water apple leaves of 14.3207 mgGAE/g. The total flavonoid content in the ethanol extract of malay apple leaves has an average of 9.1613 mgQE/g and water apple leaves of 16.5893 mgQE/g. The ethanol extract of malay apple leaves has antioxidant activity with an average IC50 of 138.3315 ppm and water apple leaves of 117.6745 ppm. In qualitative identification densitometry the Rf value of quercetin is 0,68; ethanol extract of malay apple leaves is 0,68 and water apple leaves is 0,85. The results of the independent statistical T test showed that there were differences in the total phenolic content, total flavonoids and antioxidant activity in the ethanol extract of  malay apple leaves and water apple leaves.