bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cutaneous adverse food reactions
Authors: Lakeman Nicola
Published: November 2021

Dietary-induced skin problems of cats and dogs can include food intolerances, primary and secondary nutrient deficiencies and nutrient toxicities. A full dietary history needs to be taken and owners should include specific commercial foods, all snacks and treats, supplements, chewable/palatable medications and vitamins, chew toys, human foods and any food that the animal may have access to. Actively encourage owners to keep a food diary, as with obese animals and diabetics. The classification and diagnosis of nutritional-related skin disorders are initially based on a detailed dietary history and food evaluation. Veterinary nurses are in an ideal position to help owners make an accurate representation of what the pet consumes.
FSS-embedded substrates: a facile method of augmenting functions of metasurfaces
Authors: Fu Xinmin , Han Yajuan , Fan Ya , Wang Jiafu , Zheng Lin , Xu Zhuo , Qu Shaobo
Published: November 2021

Metasurfaces, usually composed of 2D arrays of sub-wavelength metallic patterns (also called meta-atoms), have provided unprecedented freedoms for manipulating electromagnetic (EM) waves. In practice, meta-atoms are usually patterned on a certain substrate, so the EM properties of substrates directly affect the performances of metasurfaces. Therefore, it is desirable that the substrates can also be engineered with a high degree of freedom (DOF) so as to augment the functions of the metasurfaces. With this in mind, in this paper, we propose a method of designing functional metasurfaces by engineering the EM properties of substrates. By embedding frequency selective surface (FSS) within dielectric substrates, the electrical thickness of the substrates can be tailored according to the specific operating frequencies. In this way, functions of the metasurfaces can be augmented, either by better performances or by additional functions. As an example, we designed a multi-functional metasurface and applied it to a low-RCS reflector antenna. A circular patch was inserted into the dielectric substrate beneath the meta-atom. Due to the band-stop property of the metallic patch, two polarization conversion (PC) bands, together with a polarization-keeping band in between them, were created. Using this meta-atom, the metasurface is further designed, which can simultaneously achieve in-band focusing and out-of-band PC. A prototype was fabricated and measured. Both the simulated and measured results verified the good performance. Empowered by the metasurface, the reflector antenna achieved high radiation gain in band and significant RCS reduction out of band. This work provides a facile method of designing multi-functional metasurfaces and can be readily extended to terahertz, optical and other frequency regimes.
Double-pass wavefront shaping for scatter correction in a cataract’s model
Authors: Paniagua-Díaz Alba M. , Jiménez-Villar Alfonso , Grulkowski Ireneusz , Artal Pablo
Published: November 2021

Cataracts are a common ocular pathology involving an increase in the amount of intraocular light scattering. This causes vision impairment by blurring and reducing the contrast in retinal images. The current treatment for this pathology is cataract surgery, which is an invasive procedure with possible side effects, such as corneal edema, infection or retinal detachment among others. In this work, we propose a non-invasive approach to improve vision through the cataractous lenses by manipulating the wavefront of the incident light. By using a fluorescent signal as feedback (similar to the inherent fluorescence of the lipofuscin pigment at the retina) we show the capability of improving the point spread function (PSF) of the eye in a single pass through the artificial eye’s optics, while the feedback signal is measured in a double-pass configuration, making the whole system completely non-invasive, opening new possibilities for real-time vision correction through cataracts with wearable devices.
Supercontinuum lidar for industrial process analysis
Authors: Saleh Abba , Ryczkowski Piotr , Genty Goery , Toivonen Juha
Published: November 2021

Real-time monitoring of flue gas parameters in combustion processes is central to the optimization of the process efficiency and reduction of pollutants emission. We report simultaneous measurement of the average water vapor temperature and concentration over a 9 m distance in a full-scale industrial boiler by broadband lidar employing a custom supercontinuum source covering the wavelengths of ro-vibrational absorption of water molecules at 1.2 – 1.55 µm. The measured average temperature and concentration are in excellent agreement with reference measurements. We also take advantage of the backscattering from the aerosol particles present in the boiler to map the water vapor concentration profile in the boiler up to a distance of 2.7 m with a spatial resolution of 30 cm. Our results open novel perspectives for 3D profiling of temperature and gas concentration in industrial environments.
Skylight polarization patterns under urban obscurations and a navigation method adapted to urban environments
Authors: Li Qianhui , Hu Yao , Hao Qun , Cao Jie , Cheng Yang , Dong Liquan , Huang Ximing
Published: November 2021

Owing to preferable anti-interference and anti-cumulative-error capabilities, polarized skylight navigation technology has been developed. However, in urban environments with extensive demand, the sky is usually partially obscured by buildings and trees. Urban landscape obscurations with polarization patterns that have not been sufficiently studied can greatly influence navigation accuracy. In this paper, we study the polarization patterns generated by obscurations and summarize the impacts of obscured urban sky scenes on the navigation results. We also propose a full-sky polarization imaging navigation method adapted to urban environments. A compact full-sky polarimeter is established, and a specific pattern inpainting algorithm based on convolution operation is proposed to amend the navigation errors caused by obscurations. Among 174 sets of comparative experiments, 90.2% of the extraction results are improved after inpainting, which verifies the effectiveness and robustness of the method. Discussions on the optimization of parameters in the algorithm and the recommended values are also provided. This work offers a novel approach to overcome the impacts of obscurations for urban polarization navigation.
Cavity-enhanced InGaAs photo-FET with a metal gate reflector fabricated by wafer bonding on Si
Authors: Kang Sooseok , Ahn DaeHwan , Lee Inho , Choi Won Jun , Song Jindong , Han Jae-Hoon
Published: November 2021

Although an InGaAs photo field-effect transistor (photo-FET) is a promising solution for high-performance photodetector due to its internal gain mechanism, the reported opto-electrical performance is limited by the low absorption caused by its thin body thickness and unoptimized electrical properties. To overcome this limitation, an InGaAs photo-FET with a metal gate reflector was demonstrated to achieve both high electrical and optical performance. We designed and optimized a metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) structure with the metal gate reflector by using numerical calculation and process optimization. Thanks to the optimization of both electrical and optical characteristics, the InGaAs photo-FETs were successfully demonstrated at the wavelengths of 1305 nm and 1550 nm. Therefore, this wafer-bonded InGaAs photo-FET with the metal gate reflector is a promising candidate for a high-performance and broad-band SWIR photodetector on a Si CMOS platform.
3D displays in augmented and virtual realities with holographic optical elements [Invited]
Authors: Li Yannanqi , Yang Qian , Xiong Jianghao , Yin Kun , Wu Shin-Tson
Published: November 2021

Three-dimensional (3D) displays have been vastly investigated in the past few decades. Recent development of augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) has further demanded to compress the 3D display system into a compact platform, such as wearable near-eye displays. Holographic optical elements (HOEs) have received widespread attention owing to their lightweight, thin formfactor, and low cost, and thus have been widely deployed in various 3D display systems. In this review article, we first describe the working principle of some 3D techniques used in AR and VR headsets, and then present 3D display systems employing HOEs, and finally analyze how HOEs influence the system design and performance.
Collisional mixing and quenching cross sections of Cs 62P levels with methane, ethane, and propane
Authors: Endo Masamori , Nagaoka Hiroki , Wani Fumio
Published: November 2021

Mixing cross sections of Cs between the 62P1/2 and 62P3/2 levels and quenching cross sections from these levels to the ground state 62S1/2 were measured, with methane, ethane, and propane as collision partners. We excited Cs to the 6P3/2 level with a tunable nanosecond pulse laser and measured the fluorescence at the 62P1/2 level. The measured mixing cross sections with methane, ethane, and propane were (1.39 ± 0.16), (5.67 ± 0.85), and (7.91 ± 0.93)×10−15 cm2, respectively, and the statistically averaged quenching cross sections were (1.5 ± 0.25), (10 ± 2.0), and (25 ± 5.3)×10−18 cm2, respectively. The quenching cross section of Cs-propane is reported for the first time.
Optical properties of highly-crystalline tin-doped indium oxide films in their near-zero permittivity spectral region
Authors: Ghobadi Hosein , Smirnov Yury , Offerhaus Herman L. , Alvarez-Chavez Jose A. , Morales-Masis Monica , De Leon Israel
Published: November 2021

Transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) have recently attracted much attention in the fields of optics and photonics because of their outstanding linear and nonlinear optical response in the near-zero permittivity spectral region. The optical response of these materials can be further enhanced by optimizing the material properties through fabrication. In particular, two important TCO parameters affecting the strength of the optical interactions are the optical mobility and effective mass of free electrons. In this work, we fabricate epitaxial, highly-textured, and polycrystalline tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) films to experimentally study the effect of the crystal quality on the optical mobility and effective electron mass, and on the optical properties of the material in the near-zero permittivity spectral region. Compared to polycrystalline ITO, we report an increase in the optical mobility from 38 to 67 cm2/Vs and a reduction in the effective mass from 0.3 m0 to 0.24 m0 in oxygen-deficient epitaxially grown ITO films. The improved material parameters reduces the imaginary part of the permittivity (from 0.56 to 0.42) and results in a steeper material dispersion for the high-crystal-quality ITO films. Based on these results, an analysis of the figure of merit for nonlinear refraction reveals that epi- and tex-ITO films can achieve a stronger nonlinear response than poly-ITO samples. Our results show that controlling the free-electron optical mobility and effective mass through crystal quality along with tuning the free-electron density allows for tailoring simultaneously the near-zero-permittivity wavelength and the optical losses at that wavelength, which is of utmost importance for the ENZ photonics applications.
Gender gaps in science: systematic review of the main explanations and research agenda
Authors: Tomassini Cecilia
Published: November 2021

Despite improvements in the incorporation of women in tertiary education and science, today persist several gender gaps in some scientific and technological areas worldwide. Understanding the factors that determine these gaps is essential to the incorporation of women into knowledge societies in terms of equity. The present research sought to explore and systematize the explanations given to this phenomenon by the international literature in the last four decades. The objectives were: (1). Analyze the evolution of the main research agendas and categorize these into groups (or clusters) of explanations, and (2) discuss the challenges that research agendas face in addressing the phenomenon in a multi-causal way. The data were obtained from the articles contained in the Web of Science (WoS) and were subjected to a systematic review using bibliometric and qualitative techniques. The analysis reveals an important growth of the research in this area within the social sciences, which is grouped into five main types of explanation: (1) student performance in STEM areas, (2) influence of gender stereotypes and models, (3) interests and educational-learning experiences, (4) educational-occupational expectations and choices, and (5) uneven advancement and performance in scientific careers. Evolution shows that explanations about performance and individual choice have lost weight in the present, giving rise to explanations about the influence of gender stereotypes and models within educational systems and socialization stages. This study thus contributes to the understanding of the causal factors that have determined gender gaps in science while identifying some gaps in research agendas.
Análise dos impactos ambientais decorrentes da disposição irregular dos resíduos de construção e demolição no bairro Alto Bom Jesus em Serra Talhada-PE
Authors: Lima João Filipe Pereira de , Marinho Rafaella Pereira , Nascimento Elivelthon Carlos do , Barros Vitor Hugo De Oliveira
Published: November 2021

No Brasil, a Construção Civil é um segmento de grande relevância para o crescimento econômico e social do Brasil. No entanto, é um dos setores que provocam impactos ambientais no país. Os Resíduos de Construção e Demolição (RCD) são materiais provenientes de construções, reformas, reparos e demolições de obras de construção civil, e os oriundos da preparação e da escavação de terrenos (CONAMA, 2002). Estes materiais, são encontrados, com frequência, descartados de maneira irregular em terrenos abandonados, gerando impactos ao meio ambiente. Na cidade de Serra Talhada, também foi possível encontrar em algumas regiões o descarte dos resíduos de construção e demolição de maneira irregular, o que provoca diversos problemas ambientais e sociais. Portanto, o presente estudo tem por principal objetivo o diagnóstico dos impactos ambientais causados pela deposição dos resíduos de construção e demolição no bairro do Alto Bom Jesus localizado no município de Serra Talhada-PE. Para isto, foram realizadas revisões bibliográficas sobre a temática, visitas técnicas ao bairro Alto Bom Jesus, com o objetivo de catalogar os impactos ambientais observados no local e a elaboração da Matriz de Impacto com a análise detalhada dos principais impactos ambientais observados na área. Dentre os impactos ambientais encontrados estão a contaminação química e biológica e a alteração das propriedades físicas do solo e da água; a alteração da qualidade do ar devido a presença de poeira ou gases; alteração nas condições de saúde e segurança da população devido ao aparecimento de vetores de doenças; alteração da qualidade paisagística; o aumento das despesas do município e os impactos sobre os arbustos, as árvores e os animais que podem estar localizados próximos aos locais de descarte de RCD.
Social sciences to the rise and development of cryptocurrencies: an analysis of the notion
Authors: Mincewicz Wojciech
Published: November 2021

The aim of the article is to conceptualize, that is, to explain, analyze the meaning and indicate the framework for the interpretation of the concept of “cryptocurrency” in social sciences, including political science. As issue an interdisciplinary, polysemic and at the same time novum technological novelty, cryptocurrencies are a challenge for representatives of the world of science. The proposed heuristic model of concept analysis based on the technological, legal and economic aspect indicates that in the broad sense of cryptocurrencies it should be understood as: decentralized, functioning in a network with a peer-to-peer architecture, cryptographically secured, based on trust and consensus, type of virtual currency, that meets some of the functions of money. Explaining the content by one aspect of the functioning of cryptocurrencies is its narrowing down.
Die Familie des Gargilius Martialis. Lokale Gesellschaft und militär im römischen Nordafrika
Authors: Herz Peter
Published: November 2021

The main intention of my paper is to show that the careful interpretation of inscriptions may help us in our understanding of certain historical situation usually treated only superficially by the classical (literary) sources. To achieve such an aim it is necessary to understand such testimonia not as isolated exempla but as parts of much broader historical tradition. I tried to achieve this by integrating the epigraphic sources from other parts of the empire (e.g. Asia Minor) in my study. As a first result we can say that the weakening of the imperial authority in not a local phenomenon of Roman Mauretania, but a phenomenon found in many other regions of the empire. Without the existence of strong local authorities that could act in the place of the emperors the whole empire might have collapsed. The emergence of separate empires (e.g. the imperium Galliarum of Postumus or the regnum Palmyrenorum) may be understood as another facette of this time.
Textile production and consumption in Roman provinces and in free Germania – a 21st century perspective
Authors: Kaczmarek Zofia
Published: November 2021

The paper aims to present the state of research on Roman Period archaeological textiles and new, 21st century perspectives for further analyses. The textiles proves to be important from the viewpoint of provincial economy, trade and cultural exchange. That is why, a special emphasis is put on the textile types, which are called Roman imports.
MEDAL UPAMIĘTNIAJĄCY KRÓLEWSKĄ KORONACJĘ JANA III SOBIESKIEGO I MARII KAZIMIERY W KRAKOWIE POCHODZĄCY Z 1676 ROKU. UWAGI IKONOGRAFICZNE
Authors: Rokita Jan Gustaw
Published: November 2021

The author of the article discusses in depth ten works of art (prints, numismatic pieces, sculptures) which demonstrate iconographic consistency with the obverse or reverse of the said medal. As the author argues, the medallionist sought both to reflect current events in Cracow and commemorate the beginning of the propitious reign of Jan III Sobieski and Maria Kazimiera, which would benefit the people of the Commonwealth (bear fruits), which is why he used well-known representations from 17th-century compendia of emblems as well as 16th- and 17th-century coinage and medals.
OCHRONA PRAW CZŁOWIEKA W GLOBALNYM ŚWIECIE NA PRZYKŁADZIE DZIAŁALNOŚCI FREE WEST PAPUA CAMPAIGN POLAND
Authors: Dombrowska Kamila
Published: November 2021

Globalization processes entail increased flow of people, ideas and commodities,which to a certain degree are independent of limitations imposed by temporal and spatial barriers. The aim of this paper is to present practices which take advantage of opportunities resulting from globalization, on the example of Polish involvement in human rights protection in the Republic of Indonesia.
„TRZECIA KULTURA” W DOBIE POSTHUMANIZMU I TRANSHUMANIZMU
Authors: Gajewska Grażyna
Published: November 2021

Since the mid-twentieth century, there has been a discussion in the academy about “two cultures”: humanities and sciences and the so-called third culture. In this article I outline the history of this debate. I also present new trends in contemporary humanistic reflection: posthumanism and transhumanism, which are based on interdisciplinary research. I am also describing the projects and the output of several currents of contemporary art: robotic art, bio art and bio-robotic art.
Superoxide dismutase and the sigma1 receptor as key elements of the antioxidant system in human gastrointestinal tract cancers
Authors: Skrzycki Michał
Published: November 2021

This long-term research was designed to evaluate whether superoxide dismutase (SOD) isoenzymes participate in the development of human gastrointestinal neoplasms and the potential influence of the sigma1 receptor (Sig1R) on the regulation of SOD gene expression during the neoplastic process. The experiments included human tissues from selected gastrointestinal tract tumors (liver cancer, colorectal adenocarcinoma, and colorectal cancer liver metastases). Activity, protein levels, and mRNA levels were determined for SOD isoenzymes and Sig1R. Additionally, markers of oxidative stress (glutathione, lipid peroxidation) were measured. The results showed significant changes in the antioxidant system activity in all examined types of tumors. SOD changed both in healthy cells and in neoplastic cells. The activity and expression of all studied enzymes significantly changed due to the advancement of tumor development. The Sig1R might be an additional regulator of the antioxidant system on which activity might depend on the survival and proliferation of cancer cells. Overall, the study shows that SOD1 and SOD2 are involved not only in the formation of neoplastic changes in the human gastrointestinal tissues (healthy intestine – colon tumor; healthy liver – liver cirrhosis – liver cancer) but also in the development of tumors in the sequence: benign tumor – malignant tumor – metastasis.
Oxy+ (arthrospira) and its medicinal importance: an appraisal
Authors: Alam Md Anzar , Quamri Mohd Aleemuddin , Ahmad Bhat Muzafar Din , Aafreen Siddiqui , Sofi Ghulamuddin
Published: November 2021

Oxy+ is a natural source of arthrospira found in nature, used as a dietary supplement and manufactured in Aruba for lifefactors. Arthrospira contains good quality of proteins, sulfated polysaccharides, γ-linoleic acid, along with an array of carotene and phytopigments, vitamins, and minerals which are reported to be antioxidant, immunomodulator, antihyperglycemic, antidyslipidemic, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, antiviral, anticancerous, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, neuroprotective and renoprotective activities. Several studies have shown arthrospira, and active ingredients of it revealed various pharmacological activities. It can be used for the management of various ailments such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity, hypertension, cancer, arthritis, osteoarthritis, autoimmune disorders, etc. This review attempts to explore the hidden benefits of Oxy+ (arthrospira).
Ocimum gratissimum leaf extract ameliorates phenylhydrazine-induced anaemia and toxicity in Wistar rats
Authors: Akara Emmanuel U. , Emmanuel Okezie , Ude Victor C. , Uche-Ikonne Chikezie , Eke Godswill , Ugbogu Eziuche Amadike
Published: November 2021

Objectives

Ocimum gratissimum L. is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of bacterial infections and anaemia. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of O. gratissimum leaf extract on phenylhydrazine (PHZ)-induced anaemia and toxicity in rats.

Methods

The experimental rats were divided into five groups (A–E) (n=6/sex/group). Each rat in groups B–E was intraperitoneally administered 50 mg/kg of PHZ for two consecutive days. Group A (normal control) did not receive any PHZ, group B (negative control), group C received orally 5 mg/kg ferrous sulphate whereas groups D and E received 200 and 400 mg/kg O. gratissimum leaf extract respectively, for 14 days.

Results

Red blood cell count, packed cell volume, haemoglobin concentration and high-density lipoprotein increased significantly (p<0.05) whereas low-density lipoprotein and very-low-density lipoprotein decreased in extract-treated groups when compared to the negative control. O. gratissimum (400 mg/kg extract) and standard drug (5 mg/kg ferrous sulphate) significantly (p<0.05) reduced the levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase.

Conclusions

The results of this study indicate that O. gratissimum leaf extract has a restorative effect on the phenylhydrazine-induced metabolic distortions in the blood, liver, and kidney, and therefore could be used therapeutically as an anti-anaemic tonic.
Influence of paper properties on adhesive strength of starch gluing
Authors: Dohr Claudia Anna , Hirn Ulrich
Published: November 2021

The effect of paper properties on the strength of starch gluing for Kraft sack papers has been investigated. We analyzed the effect of surface roughness, wettability and glue penetration. Surface roughness was found not to be related to gluing strength, also surface wetting measured by contact angle showed only a weak relation. Liquid penetration measured by ultrasound (ULP) was found to have a substantial correlation to gluing strength. Comparing ULP liquid penetration speed with actual glue uptake during the gluing process we found that they are only moderately connected. We are attributing this to the fact that the penetration and spreading of the glue on the paper is driven by applying an external pressure during the gluing process, which is not the case for the liquid penetration measurement. Investigating how asymmetrical glue penetration affects gluing strength we found that the relationship was low. The best indication for gluing strength turned out to be the surface wetting/substrate swelling parameter from the ultrasonic liquid penetration measurement. We conclude that the main parameter capturing gluing strength combines the influence of fiber wetting and penetration of the glue into the fibers.
Study of gold nanoparticles’ preparation through ultrasonic spray pyrolysis and lyophilisation for possible use as markers in LFIA tests
Authors: Jelen Žiga , Majerič Peter , Zadravec Matej , Anžel Ivan , Rakuša Martin , Rudolf Rebeka
Published: November 2021

To monitor the progress and prevent the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in real time and outside laboratories, it is essential to develop effective tests that can ensure rapid, selective, and reliable diagnosis of infected persons in different environments. Key in this regard is the lateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs) that can detect the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus quickly, with the aid of nanoparticles (NPs) and specific proteins. We report the use of gold (Au) NPs AuNPs synthesised from a gold(iii) chloride tetrahydrate precursor in a USP device and collected in a suspension composed of deionised water with polyvinylpyrrolidone as a stabiliser and cryoprotectant. In combination with freeze-drying of the AuNPs’ suspension to achieve water elimination, improved stability, and the target concentration, they exhibit the necessary properties for use as markers in LFIA rapid diagnostic tests. This was confirmed by complementary characterisation determined by using the techniques including inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry, dynamic light scattering method and zeta-potential, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersion spectrometer, and transmission electron microscopy, as well as with the preparation of a prototype LFIA test strip with AuNPs. Thus, such AuNPs, as well as the USP method, show promise for the development of new markers for use in LFIA.
COVID-19 and Second Home Prices in Switzerland: An Empirical Insight
Authors: Bieger Thomas , Weinert Robert , Klumbies Aristid
Published: November 2021

During the COVID-19 pandemic, second home ownership created several owner benefits. This paper analyses price changes of second homes during the pandemic. It derives propositions for the impact of the pandemic on the value of second homes for its owners. The contribution draws on panel data of transaction prices for second homes from Switzerland, a country with traditionally strong second home ownership, provided by Wüest Partner. The results show that there is a significant price increase for second homes – especially compared to apartments – after the start of the COVID-19 crisis. They also show that prices even in certain second-class destinations have risen significantly during the pandemic. Different research propositions are derived like that buyers might look for less crowded places in the pandemic, and the reduced benefits of intensive infrastructures during a pandemic.
SREBP1 promotes invasive phenotypes by upregulating CYR61/CTGF via the Hippo-YAP pathway
Authors: Kuo Chi-Yu , Chang Yuan-Ching , Chien Ming-Nan , Jhuang Jie-Yang , Hsu Yi-Chiung , Huang Shih-Yuan , Cheng Shih-Ping
Published: November 2021

Aberrant lipid metabolism provides bioenergetic, biosynthetic, and redox supplies to cancer cells. Previous studies have reported differential lipid profiling in thyroid malignancies. Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1), encoded by the SREBF1 gene, is a master regulator of cellular lipid homeostasis. The clinical and functional significance of SREBP1 in thyroid cancer is not well understood. Here, we showed that SREBP1 expression is significantly upregulated in invasive thyroid cancer than in normal thyroid tissue or benign thyroid nodules. High tumoral SREBP1 expression was associated with extrathyroidal extension, advanced disease stage, and shorter disease-specific survival in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. SREBP1 overexpression significantly increased the oxygen consumption rate, filopodia formation, and migratory and invasive capacities of thyroid cancer cells. Knockdown of SREBF1 or treatment with an SREBP1 activation inhibitor fatostatin had the opposite effect. RNA-Seq analysis showed that modulation of SREBP1 expression was accompanied by corresponding changes in the expression of epithelial–mesenchymal transition markers and CYR61/CTGF. SREBP1-facilitated cell invasion could be abrogated by treatment with a YAP inhibitor such as verteporfin or genetic silencing of CYR61 or CTGF. In summary, SREBP1 upregulation can be used as a prognostic indicator for thyroid cancer and SREBP1 overexpression is involved in cancer invasiveness, at least partly, through upregulation of CYR61/CTGF via the Hippo-YAP pathway.
Cómo dilatar con lo verosímil un «exemplum» mariano (La sacristana en manos de Lope)
Authors: Ruffinatto Aldo
Published: November 2021

La leyenda de la sacristana o de la monja renegada que se fuga del convento con un galán, traicionando de tal modo a su esposo celeste, tuvo un gran éxito en las manifestaciones literarias o paraliterarias de la Edad Media europea y especialmente en el sector privilegiado de los milagros de Nuestra Señora. Su desarrollo, en efecto, supone la intervención milagrosa de la Virgen que, al reemplazar en su oficio a la monja fugitiva durante su ausencia, tapa el escándalo y favorece su total reintegración en la comunidad, cuando la monja, arrepentida, vuelve al redil después de un largo periodo de tiempo. Y en el refugio seguro de los prontuarios ejemplares y de los libros de devoción se quedó la leyenda de la sacristana a lo largo del XV y del XVI hasta cuando en la primera década del siglo XVII Lope de Vega se animó a trasladarla a las tablas ofreciéndole el espacio de una comedia nueva con el título de La encomienda bien guardada (y de La buena guarda en la versión impresa de 1621). Desde entonces esta piadosa leyenda medieval adquirió el título de tema literario y se difundió en el mundo de las letras españolas y europeas. En este ensayo pretendemos valorar los principales artificios puestos en marcha por Lope para convertir una antigua leyenda mariana - dirigida en primera instancia a lectores profesionales (como lo eran los predicadores) e incluida sucesivamente en los devocionarios para uso de un público devoto en virtud de su alto carácter ejemplar – en un producto dramático, respetuoso hacia los preceptos de la comedia áurea española y por lo tanto diseñado para satisfacer las exigencias de un público mucho más amplio y más atento a la levedad de los asuntos profanos que a la pesada sacralidad de los discursos ejemplares.
The Impact of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) Performance on Financial Reporting Quality: International Evidence
Authors: Şeker Yasin , Şengür Evren Dilek
Published: November 2021

This study investigates the relationship between environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance and financial reporting quality (FRQ) through the use of data from Datastream, Refinitive Eikon and ASSET4 databases. The initial sample of the study covers all available firms in ASSET4. After eliminating firms with missing data, the final sample of the study consists of 16,072 firm-year observations from 35 countries, covering the years from 2010 to 2017. Several FRQ proxies and firms’ ESG performance indicators are used in the study. The panel regression findings reveal that firms’ ESG performance has a positive impact on FRQ. In other words, it has been found that improving the ESG performance of firms yields higher FRQs. As for ESG pillars, this study finds a positive and statistically significant relationship between FRQ and environmental and governance pillars. The study extends the literature by providing international evidence not only about the aggregate effects of firms’ ESG performance on FRQ but also the effects of each of the three ESG pillars on FRQ.
Psicoanálisis freudiano, lacaniano y ciencia política: una revisión de literatura
Authors: Menéndez Gabriel
Published: November 2021

El artículo recoge la elaboración de un estado del arte de 72 documentos que muestran el diálogo interdisciplinar entre la ciencia política y el psicoanálisis. En su elaboración se seleccionaron textos de orientaciones freudianas y lacanianas con tres lógicas de diálogo: investigaciones de lo político desde el psicoanálisis; investigaciones desde el análisis político con herramientas psicoanalíticas; y diálogos teóricos y metodológicos. Su contribución es pertinente ante la ausencia de revisiones de la literatura existente similares, además de propiciar un diálogo mutuamente enriquecedor entre la ciencia política y el psicoanálisis. Este último amplía el campo clínico al ofrecer herramientas que permiten comprender el espíritu de la época y romper con la epistemología homogenizadora de la ciencia clásica, al incluir la singularidad de los sujetos en los fenómenos políticos.
Presentación
Authors: Escobar Greys
Published: November 2021

Este segundo número de Ciencia Política le da continuación al tema central de las emociones y su relación con lo político que hemos estudiado desde la primera publicación del año 2021. La coyuntura política colombiana que estamos a travesando, así como las diferentes situaciones de orden social en otras partes del mundo, son una oportunidad para profundizar en estas cuestiones emocionales y la incidencia que tienen en el comportamiento social y político. Creemos que es en la relación entre emociones y política, que empieza a explorarse con fuerza en lo corrido del siglo XXI, donde es posible encontrar estrategias de comprensión y acción colectivas que nos hacen falta para enfrentar dificultades sociales urgentes. Estamos seguros de que estos números aportan no solo a la coyuntura local, sino a las diferentes configuraciones entre los cuerpos afectivos y la vida social alrededor del mundo.
Editorial
Authors: Editorial Equipe
Published: November 2021

O segundo número do volume 43 da revista Comunicação Sociedade, do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Comunicação Social da Universidade Metodista de São Paulo (PósCom-Umesp) publica investigações científicas de pesquisadores de universidades de cinco estados diferentes, nas regiões Norte, Sul e Sudeste do Brasil, dando continuidade ao projeto de divulgação de reflexões atuais que possam impactar o campo de estudos sobre a comunicação, a cultura e a sociedade brasileira.
Estratégias discursivas da Vale S.A. e a construção do pensamento sobre o desenvolvimento da Amazônia
Authors: Santos Larissa Pereira , Fonseca de Castro Fábio , Amorim Célia Regina Trindade Chagas
Published: November 2021

A mineradora Vale S.A. é uma empresa transnacional, presente em 30 países, sendo uma das maiores mineradoras do mundo. Na Amazônia brasileira ela atua há mais de três décadas, principalmente com o Programa Grande Carajás (PGC) e recentemente com o Projeto S11D, projeto de ampliação das atividades de extração de minério de ferro, na Serra de Carajás, no estado do Pará. Por meio da Análise do Discurso e da Enunciação (VERÓN, 2004), essa pesquisa busca analisar como são construídos os discursos produzidos no site da mineradora, com a página intitulada “Complexo S11D Eliezer Batista”, a partir da ideia de desenvolvimento divulgada pela empresa. O S11D é considerado pelos críticos do setor da mineração, como a continuidade do PGC, agora com perspectivas de lucros duplicados.  A análise considerou que a mineradora contribui para a construção de um pensamento sobre desenvolvimento na Amazônia, assentado na ideia de crescimento econômico, ignorando os discursos que representam os territórios e sujeitos sociais da região onde atua.
Resilience of family caregivers of children and adolescents in treatment of neoplasms and associated factors
Authors: Silva Jaqueline Scalabrin da , Moraes Otavio Fereira , Sabin Luiza Dressler , Almeida Franciele Ormizinda , Magnago Tânia Solange Bosi de Souza
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: analyze the level of resilience of family caregivers of children and adolescents hospitalized for cancer treatment and associated factors. Methods: cross-sectional study, carried out in 2018, with 62 family caregivers in a university hospital in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The instruments CDRisc-10-Br, SRQ20, PSS-14 and WHOQOL-Bref were used to measure resilience, minor psychological disorders, stress, and quality of life, respectively. Inferential statistics were used. Results: female caregivers, married, with one child and who practice some predominated religion. They were classified as having a moderate level of resilience (48.4%); with suspicion for minor psychological disorders (45%) and high level of stress (41%). In terms of quality of life, they were satisfied in the Physical, Psychological and Social Relations domains; and dissatisfied in the Environment domain. Conclusions: there were direct weak to moderate correlations between the level of resilience and quality of life and inversely with stress and minor psychological disorders.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of New Chromenes and Chromeno[2,3-d] pyrimidines
Authors: Belhadj Fatima , Kibou Zahira , Benabdallah Mohammed , Aissaoui Mohammed , Rahmoun Mohammed Nadjib , Villemin Didier , Choukchou-Braham Noureddine
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT A simple and efficient approach has been developed to synthesise novel and functionalised 5H-chromeno[2,3-d] pyrimidines derivatives (4a-h). This approach entails treating 2-amino-3-cyano-4H-chromenes (3a-h) with formamidine acetate under microwave irradiations and solvent-free conditions. All structures of new compounds obtained in this study were characterised by IR, MS, 1H and 13C NMR analysis. Additionally, the synthesised compounds were investigated for their antibacterial and antioxidant potential. Compounds 3b, 3c, 3e, 4c and 4e showed significant activities. Keywords: 5H-chromeno[2,3-d] pyrimidine; 4H-chromene; solvent-free conditions; antioxidant activity; antibacterial activity
Quantum Chemistry of Cocaine and its Isomers I: Energetics, Reactivity and Solvation
Authors: Amara Safa Ben , Koslowski Thorsten , Zaidi Ali
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT We investigate the rich stereochemistry of cocaine and its diastereoisomers from a theoretical perspective using density functional theory. The relative stability of the eight considered isomers is discussed, and a comparison of the corresponding internal coordinates is given. Our results reveal that the S-pseudococaine isomer is the most stable conformation, whereas the natural occurring isomer (R-cocaine) lies higher in energy. The different isomers' chemical reactivity is discussed based on the calculation of the hardness, softness, electrophilicity and dipole moment. It was found that the dipole moment varies over a broad range from 0.65 to 4.60 D, whereas the other properties are slightly modified. The solvent effect on the energy stability of the cocaine isomers was studied by considering chloroform, dimethyl-sulfoxide (DMSO) and water as implicit solvents. Our calculations show that the different isomers' energy order and their energy gaps are slightly modified due to solvent effects. However, in all cases, the S-pseudococaine remains the most stable isomer. However, the dipole moment and the chemical reactivity of the cocaine isomers increase with the solvent polarity. Keywords: Cocaine isomers,DFT, stability, solvent effect, chemical reactivity.
Self-esteem and antiretroviral therapy adherence among young people living with HIV: An exploratory serial mediation analysis
Authors: Nyamaruze Patrick , Govender Kaymarlin , Cowden Richard G.
Published: November 2021

Capitalising further on the benefits of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for individual treatment requires an improved understanding of the psychological processes that may affect optimal ART adherence among people living with HIV. We examined internalised HIV/AIDS-related stigma and body appreciation as mediators of the association between self-esteem and ART adherence among young people living with HIV (YPLHIV). A sample of 76 YPLHIV (Mage = 19.36, s.d.age = 2.56; male 56.58%) residing in an HIV hyperendemic region of South Africa completed self-report measures of self-esteem, internalised HIV/AIDS-related stigma, body appreciation, and ART adherence. Path-analytic mediation modelling was performed to test for direct and indirect effects linking self-esteem with ART adherence. Results of serial mediation analyses indicated that self-esteem and ART adherence were indirectly associated through a two-step path of internalised HIV/AIDS-related stigma and then body appreciation, as well as a one-step path through internalised HIV/AIDS-related stigma. The results provide preliminary support for internalised HIV/AIDS-related stigma and body appreciation as mechanisms underlying the association between self-esteem and ART adherence. Implications of the findings for promoting ART adherence among YPLHIV are discussed.Significance:

Self-esteem and ART adherence were indirectly related through internalised HIV/AIDS-related stigma followed by body appreciation.
Outcomes of intervention initiatives designed to promote ART adherence among young people living with HIV may be further improved by integrating components that target internalised HIV/AIDS-related stigma and body appreciation.
A validated method for the analysis and profiling of ‘nyaope’ using gas chromatography – mass spectrometry
Authors: Mthembi Pabalala M. , Mwenesongole Ellen M. , Cole Michael D.
Published: November 2021

Nyaope, a Tswana word for a mixture or ‘mish-mash’, describes a drug cocktail consisting of heroin, cannabis, and on occasion other controlled substances and warfarin. It is highly addictive with extremely unpleasant side effects caused by withdrawal from the drug. It is a problem drug especially in townships in South Africa. However, its prevalence in neighbouring southern African states and further afield is not yet known. There is currently no validated method for the analysis and comparison of nyaope. We describe a validated method for the gas chromatography – mass spectrometry analysis of nyaope so that within-batch and between-batch comparisons of nyaope can successfully be made for the first time. The validated method managed an accuracy within the range 80–120%, the precision was less than 20% for all analytes and managed linearity with R2≥0.99. The detection limits for diamorphine, efavirenz, nevirapine and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol were 14.2, 18.6, 18.7 and 9.94 pg on column, respectively, and the limits of quantitation were 43.1, 56.3, 56.6 and 30.1 pg on column, respectively. The simulated and casework samples were successfully discriminated into original batches using the identified nyaope components, the unsupervised chemometric methods principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering, as well as chromatographic profiles.

Significance:

A validated method for the analysis and comparison of nyaope allows for data exchange between law enforcement agencies in South Africa and, provided the appropriate quality control measures are in place, between South Africa, neighbouring states and countries further afield. Additionally, public health measures can be put in place now that it is possible to use a validated method to determine the contents of nyaope.
Life cycle assessment of single-use and reusable plastic bottles in the city of Johannesburg
Authors: Olatayo Kunle I. , Mativenga Paul T. , Marnewick Annlizé L.
Published: November 2021

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles of water have experienced huge growth in demand and sales in South Africa. This expansion in use creates challenges as well as opportunities for managing the life cycle impact. The properties that make PET desirable for fluid-containing bottles have also made it highly resistant to environmental biodegradation. Reusable plastic bottles are now marketed as a solution to reduce the impact of single-use plastic bottles. We assessed the life cycle impact of single-use PET bottles and an alternative, reusable PET bottle based on consumption patterns in South Africa and the material flow and supply chain in the urban environment. This robust consideration of local conditions is important in evaluating the life cycle impact. In an examination of 13 impact categories, the reusable PET bottle had lower impact than the single-use bottle in all the impact categories examined. The mass of PET bottle material required to deliver the water needs at any given time is a dominant factor on the environmental burden. Extending the life of reusable bottles and designing lighter weight bottles would reduce their life cycle impact. Information obtained in evaluating alternatives to plastic water bottles can be valuable for providing a foundation assessment for policymakers and plastic bottle manufacturers to make informed choices and to focus on improvements in life cycle impact.Significance:

The significant impact of the production phase in the life cycle of both single-use and reusable PET bottles confirms the need to design a much more lightweight bottle to reduce the mass of materials used in production.
Another key consideration was the long transportation distance covered during the production phase, and the negative impact of current vehicular emissions. Municipalities and waste collectors should consider the use of low-carbon transport.
This study highlights the value of extending the life of plastic bottles, as well as recycling for material recovery, remanufacturing and repurposing these bottles within the City.
The use of fewer, larger single-use bottles compared with a greater number of smaller single-use bottles is discussed.
Modernization of the complex technology of construction of the roadbed
Authors: Lychkovskiy Alexander A.
Published: November 2021

Background: The analysis of the complex technology of the construction of the roadbed, developed in RUT (MIIT), with the aim of its modernization on the basis of monitoring changes in the characteristics of the soil with the use of fiber-optic cable during construction.
Aim: Development of intensive technological modes for improving the reliability of the road surface.
Methods: Methods of control and technological regulation of soil compaction in order to reduce humidity at the stage of frost moisture accumulation at the base of the embankment being built.
Results: As a result of the analysis, the modernization of the integrated technology is appropriate.
Conclusion: The proposed methods of technological regulation are effective in the construction of the roadbed on waterlogged soils.