bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thermodynamic and thermochemical properties of Cu3(PO4)2·3H2O
Authors: Kozma Anton , Golub Nelia , Golub Yevhenii , Sidey Vasyl , Solomon Andrii , Kuznietsova Alona , Herneshii Yaroslava
Published: April 2023

Copper (II) orthophosphate trihydrate Cu3(PO4)2·3H2O has been synthesized by the exchange chemical reactions in aqueous solutions from the compounds Cu(NO3)2·3H2O, NH4OH and H3PO4. The final product has been investigated by using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), infrared spectrometry (IRS), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) techniques. For the first time, the experimental heat capacity Ср° of Cu3(PO4)2·3H2O has been investigated in the temperature range 198‒402 K. Combining the experimental results with the literature data made it possible to determine the thermodynamic and thermochemical properties, such as enthalpy НТ° , entropy SТ° , Gibbs energy GТ° , enthalpy of formation ΔHf°(T), Gibbs energy of formation ΔGf°(T) and logarithm of the equilibrium constant of formation reaction log[Kf°(T)], for the title compound. It was found that at the extreme temperatures of the experiment, Cu3(PO4)2·3H2O has Ср° = 245.96 J·mol–1·K–1, Н° = –3169.59 kJ·mol–1, S° = 311.34 J·mol–1·K–1, G° = –3231.24 kJ·mol–1 (at 198 K); Ср° = 455.31 J·mol–1·K–1, Н° = –3097.93 kJ·mol–1, S° = 551.48 J·mol–1·K–1, G° = –3319.62 kJ·mol–1, ΔHf° = –3138.48 kJ·mol–1, ΔGf° = –2625.39 kJ·mol–1, log[K ] = 341.13 (at 402 K).
España viste a la francesa. La historia de un traje de moda de la segunda mitad del siglo XVII
Authors: Giorgi Arianna
Published: April 2023

¿Qué tenían en común el Auto de Fe de Francisco Rizi y La Sagrada Forma de Claudio Coello? ¿Quién vestía la golilla y quién la casaca? Estas y otras preguntas encontrarán respuesta en esta breve historia estética. España viste a la francesa. La historia de un traje de moda de la segunda mitad del siglo XVII hace un recorrido por la capital española y revela el auténtico significado de las vestimentas, así como los vetos y las alianzas protagonistas de finales de siglo XVII. Asimismo, muestra la evolución de personajes como el Marqués de Lapilla, Juan José de Austria y Fernando de Valenzuela quienes exhibieron estos atuendos hegemónicos como ostentación del rango y de la propia clase social. ¿Realmente la casaca era una simple prenda a la moda francesa o era un elemento de la supremacía gala?
Forging a friction
Authors: Liguzinski Maciej
Published: April 2023

The article explores the development of e-lending models for digital books (e-books and digital audiobooks) in public libraries from a comparative perspective, analysing cases in Denmark, Norway and Sweden. Special attention is placed on the actors involved in developing e-lending models and the variations across Scandinavia. First, the legal prerequisites of digital books, licensing culture and policy context are linked. Next, the phenomenon of e-lending and e-lending models are introduced and discussed as a form of artificial friction. Then, based on a review of international and Scandinavian grey literature, the paper provides three chronological overviews of e-lending model development, seen as an interplay between publishers and public libraries. The comparison highlights the similarities between the three countries but also differences in preference for a particular e-lending model in involvement of policy actors, and in pace and character of the analysed processes. Differences are primarily attributed to variances in established collaboration practices between the identified actors of cultural policy, to already existing regulatory frameworks, and to the maturity of the digital book market.
Philosophie pour enfants et inégalités de genre
Authors: Raïd Layla
Published: April 2023

Cet article explore les liens étroits établis par Ann Margaret Sharp entre éthiques du care et philosophie pour enfants. Sharp mentionne rarement la variable de genre quand elle décrit les ateliers philosophiques, alors que celle-ci est déterminante pour les éthiques du care. J’explore quelques réponses à cette difficulté, qui permettent de soutenir malgré tout la position de Sharp. Cette position implique une hypothèse qui ne va pas de soi : le questionnement philosophique précoce aurait le pouvoir de contrecarrer la construction, durant l’enfance, des stéréotypes de genre.
Programa polític i programa literari: les interaccions de simposi, tribuna oratòria i escenari
Authors: Redondo Jordi
Published: April 2023

Els cercles oligàrquics atenesos atorgaven a la literatura l'atenció que mereixia a la societat grega antiga com a espai per al debat, eina per a l'ensenyament, dipositària de la memòria col.lectiva i vehicle per a la difusió d'idees i conceptes. Ens proposem de posar en relació obres de diferents gèneres literaris, temes i persones que exposaven, en paral.el i de manera sempre indirecta, un programa polìtic que aspirava a l'abolició de la democràcia radical atenesa.
Forging Emotions: a deep learning experiment on emotions and art
Authors: Foka Amalia
Published: April 2023

Affective computing is an interdisciplinary field that studies computational methods that relate to or influence emotion. These methods have been applied to interactive media artworks, but they have focused on affect detection rather than affect generation. For affect generation, computationally creative methods need to be explored that have recently been driven by the use of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), a deep learning method. The experiment presented in this paper, Forging Emotions, explores the use of visual emotion datasets and the working processes of GANs for visual affect generation, that is, for generating images that can convey or trigger specified emotions. This experiment concludes that the methodology used so far by computer science researchers to build image datasets for describing high-level concepts such as emotions is insufficient and proposes utilizing emotional networks of associations according to psychology research. Forging Emotions also concludes that to generate affect visually, merely corresponding to basic psychology findings, such as bright or dark colours, does not seem adequate. Therefore, research efforts should aim to understand the structure of trained GANs and compositional GANs in order to produce genuinely novel compositions that can convey or trigger emotions through the subject matter of generated images.
Common genetic variations in telomere length genes and lung cancer: a Mendelian randomisation study and its novel application in lung tumour transcriptome
Authors: Cortez Cardoso Penha Ricardo , Smith-Byrne Karl , Atkins Joshua R , Haycock Philip C , Kar Siddhartha , Codd Veryan , Samani Nilesh J , Nelson Christopher , Milojevic Maja , Gabriel Aurélie AG , Amos Christopher , Brennan Paul , Hung Rayjean J , Kachuri Linda , Mckay James D
Published: April 2023

Background:

Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified genetic susceptibility variants for both leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and lung cancer susceptibility. Our study aims to explore the shared genetic basis between these traits and investigate their impact on somatic environment of lung tumours.

Methods:

We performed genetic correlation, Mendelian randomisation (MR), and colocalisation analyses using the largest available GWASs summary statistics of LTL (N=464,716) and lung cancer (N=29,239 cases and 56,450 controls). Principal components analysis based on RNA-sequencing data was used to summarise gene expression profile in lung adenocarcinoma cases from TCGA (N=343).

Results:

Although there was no genome-wide genetic correlation between LTL and lung cancer risk, longer LTL conferred an increased risk of lung cancer regardless of smoking status in the MR analyses, particularly for lung adenocarcinoma. Of the 144 LTL genetic instruments, 12 colocalised with lung adenocarcinoma risk and revealed novel susceptibility loci, including MPHOSPH6, PRPF6, and POLI. The polygenic risk score for LTL was associated with a specific gene expression profile (PC2) in lung adenocarcinoma tumours. The aspect of PC2 associated with longer LTL was also associated with being female, never smokers, and earlier tumour stages. PC2 was strongly associated with cell proliferation score and genomic features related to genome stability, including copy number changes and telomerase activity.

Conclusions:

This study identified an association between longer genetically predicted LTL and lung cancer and sheds light on the potential molecular mechanisms related to LTL in lung adenocarcinomas.

Funding:

Institut National du Cancer (GeniLuc2017-1-TABAC-03-CIRC-1-TABAC17‐022), INTEGRAL/NIH (5U19CA203654-03), CRUK (C18281/A29019), and Agence Nationale pour la Recherche (ANR-10-INBS-09).
Pooled genome-wide CRISPR activation screening for rapamycin resistance genes in Drosophila cells
Authors: Xia Baolong , Viswanatha Raghuvir , Hu Yanhui , Mohr Stephanie E , Perrimon Norbert
Published: April 2023

Loss-of-function and gain-of-function genetic perturbations provide valuable insights into gene function. In Drosophila cells, while genome-wide loss-of-function screens have been extensively used to reveal mechanisms of a variety of biological processes, approaches for performing genome-wide gain-of-function screens are still lacking. Here, we describe a pooled CRISPR activation (CRISPRa) screening platform in Drosophila cells and apply this method to both focused and genome-wide screens to identify rapamycin resistance genes. The screens identified three genes as novel rapamycin resistance genes: a member of the SLC16 family of monocarboxylate transporters (CG8468), a member of the lipocalin protein family (CG5399), and a zinc finger C2H2 transcription factor (CG9932). Mechanistically, we demonstrate that CG5399 overexpression activates the RTK-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway and that activation of insulin receptor (InR) by CG5399 requires cholesterol and clathrin-coated pits at the cell membrane. This study establishes a novel platform for functional genetic studies in Drosophila cells.
Odor descriptive ratings can predict some odor-color associations in different color features of hue or lightness
Authors: Tamura Kaori , Okamoto Tsuyoshi
Published: April 2023

Background

Olfactory information can be associated with color information. Researchers have investigated the role of descriptive ratings of odors on odor-color associations. Research into these associations should also focus on the differences in odor types. We aimed to identify the odor descriptive ratings that can predict odor-color corresponding formation, and predict features of the associated colors from the ratings taking into consideration the differences in the odor types.

Methods

We assessed 13 types of odors and their associated colors in participants with a Japanese cultural background. The associated colors from odors in the CIE L*a*b* space were subjectively evaluated to prevent the priming effect from selecting color patches. We analyzed the data using Bayesian multilevel modeling, which included the random effects of each odor, for investigating the effect of descriptive ratings on associated colors. We investigated the effects of five descriptive ratings, namely Edibility, Arousal, Familiarity, Pleasantness, and Strength on the associated colors.

Results

The Bayesian multilevel model indicated that the odor description of Edibility was related to the reddish hues of associated colors in three odors. Edibility was related to the yellow hues of colors in the remaining five odors. The Arousal description was related to the yellowish hues in two odors. The Strength of the tested odors was generally related to the color lightness. The present analysis could contribute in investigating the influence of the olfactory descriptive rating that anticipates the associated color for each odor.
Discursos y prácticas en torno a la construcción de una “escuela cubana de composición”: José Ardévol, el Grupo de Renovación Musical y la Orquesta de Cámara de La Habana (1934-1946)
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vega Pichaco Belén
Published: April 2023

El objetivo de este artículo es el estudio del proceso de construcción y difusión de la categoría “escuela cubana de composición” a través del análisis de los discursos y las prácticas desarrollados por José Ardévol y el Grupo de Renovación Musical. Este propósito requirió la negociación de aspectos como los de “tradición” e “identidad”, que poseían para Ardévol (un compositor catalán emigrado a la isla en 1930 y acérrimo seguidor del Neoclasicismo de Stravinsky y Falla) significados divergentes a los propugnados por la generación anterior de compositores (Amadeo Roldán y Alejandro García Caturla) y por Alejo Carpentier, principal sancionador de la historia musical insular y firme defensor del afrocubanismo. En el primer apartado, el concerniente a los discursos, cobran relieve los escritos del líder renovador y en especial el “manifiesto” colectivo Presencia cubana en la música universal (1945) que, paradójicamente, propiciaría la desintegración del grupo. Respecto a las prácticas, se analiza la labor de la Orquesta de Cámara de La Habana fundada en 1934 por Ardévol como plataforma de la composición propia y grupal, gracias a la consulta de documentación inédita conservada en el CIDMUC (La Habana); la programación musical de dicha orquesta entre 1934 y 1946 se presenta como Apéndice”.
Produção em sistema de cultivo em ambiente protegido: estudo dos canais de comercialização dos produtores do município de Buri – SP
Authors: Da Silva Isabela Soares , De Oliveira Edenis Cesar , Entelmann Fabio Albuquerque , Carraro Nilton Cezar
Published: April 2023

Este estudo objetivou mapear os canais de comercialização utilizados por produtores cuja produção é realizada em sistema de cultivo em ambiente protegido no município de Buri – SP. De cunho qualitativo e caráter descritivo e exploratório, a pesquisa foi realizada em duas etapas. Na primeira etapa, procedeu-se pesquisa bibliográfica para subsidiar o referencial teórico e a discussão dos dados. Na segunda, realizou-se a pesquisa de campo por meio de entrevistas com roteiro semiestruturado com 7 (sete) produtores elegíveis aos critérios estabelecidos. De acordo com os níveis de canais de comercialização propostos por Kotler e Keller (2019), à exceção do produtor 5 (CLM), que atua somente no nível 3 de canal de comercialização, todos os demais produtores atuam nos níveis 1 e 2. O produtor 1 (SaCS), por sua vez, atua nos três níveis de canais de comercialização. De modo geral, todas as vendas realizadas pelos produtores pesquisados são realizadas de forma indireta, já que o escoamento da produção passa ao menos por um intermediário até chegar ao comprador final.
Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus among Female Patients Attending Rivers State University Teaching Hospital (RSUTH) in Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Authors: Adirimo D. E. , Akani N. P. , Sampson T.
Published: April 2023

Objectives: To isolate, identify and determine the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus among Female Patients attending Rivers State University Teaching Hospital in Port Harcourt using High Vaginal Swab samples.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on total of 103 female patients attending the outpatients department and Antenatal clinic of Rivers State University Teaching Hospital. High Vaginal Swab samples were aseptically collected from 55 non-pregnant and 48 six weeks postpartum women. These were then analysed in the Microbiology Laboratory of the Hospital, following standard microbiological procedures. Questions on age, number of sexual partners, knowledge of vaginal infection, symptomatic case, History of previous infection and treatments was responded to by each participant through the completing of questionnaires. Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) was used for the isolation of the organism and their phenotypic traits were determined based on their cultural and biochemical characteristics.

Results: The study revealed that 25 (24.3%) consisting of 20 (36.4%) non-pregnant women and 5 (10.4%) Postpartum women were positive for Staphylococcus aureus infection. The prevalence of S. aureus among different groups was statistically significant, (P= .002). The highest percentage of S. aureus isolation (36.4%) was found in non-pregnant population. Prevalence of S. aureus was found highest 10 (18.2%) in 21-25 age group among non-pregnant women and none in 26-30 age group among postpartum women. Data obtained from the questionnaires returned showed that 10 (40%) that tested positive for the organism were asymptomatic as at the time of sample collection, had history of previous reproductive tract infection and had previously undergone treatment.  

Conclusion: The high rate of vaginal Staphylococcal colonisation observed and the positive correlation between Staphylococus aureus prevalence and age, Child delivery status as well as treatment of previous reproductive tract infection seen in the study suggests the need for awareness on the importance of personal hygiene, proper antibiotic usage and regular screening of females within reproductive age.
Electrical, Echocardiographic and Coronary Artery Characteristics of Right Ventricular Infarction: Experience of the Cardiology Department of the CHU Mohammed VI Marrakech
Authors: Zerhoudi R. , Maatof B. , Nabawi H. , Islah Y. , Eljamili M. , Karimi S. , Elhattaoui M.
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Coronary heart disease is the main cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Right ventricular (RV) infarction is often difficult to diagnose and has a poor prognosis due to rhythmic and hemodynamic complications.

Objective: The study of electrical, ultrasonographic, and coronarographic features of the VD Infarction.

Materials and Methods: Retrospective study of patients hospitalized in the Cardiology Department of the Mohammed VI University Hospital in Marrakech over a period of 24 months for MDI extended to the RV.

Results: 120 patients were hospitalized during this period for MI with extension to the VD. Atypical clinical presentation was noted in 10% of cases. Clinical examination on admission revealed signs of right heart failure in 18% of cases, including 6% complicated by cardiogenic shock. Thrombolysis was performed in 10% of the patients, 67% of them successfully. The ECG found an isolated extension to the V3R leads in 76% of the cases and in association with a V4R overshoot in 45% of the cases, conduction disorders were noted in 28% of the cases, presented essentially by first degree auriculoventricular block. Echocardiography showed impaired LV function in 82% of cases, and longitudinal systolic dysfunction of the LV in 65%. Coronary angiography was performed in 91% of the cases, half of which underwent coronary angioplasty. The combination of both CD and IVA damage was found in 40% of the cases, and damage to the middle DC was the most common in almost half of the cases. The most frequent complications were rhythmic and conductive disorders in 38% of cases, and the evolution was fatal in 8% of cases.

Conclusion: Involvement of the RV during MI is characterized by a very critical initial phase, once overcome, the overall prognosis becomes favorable in the long term.
Qualitative Perspectives of Emergency Nurses on Electronic Health Record Behavioral Flags to Promote Workplace Safety
Authors: Seeburger Emily F. , Gonzales Rachel , South Eugenia C. , Friedman Ari B. , Agarwal Anish K.
Published: April 2023

Importance

Emergency nurses experience high levels of workplace violence during patient interactions. Little is known about the efficacy of behavioral flags, which are notifications embedded within electronic health records (EHRs) as a tool to promote clinician safety.

Objective

To explore the perspectives of emergency nurses on EHR behavioral flags, workplace safety, and patient care.

Design, Setting, and Participants

In this qualitative study, semistructured interviews were conducted with emergency nurses at an academic, urban emergency department (ED) between February 8 and March 25, 2022. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using thematic analysis. Data analysis was performed from April 2 to 13, 2022.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Themes and subthemes of nursing perspectives on EHR behavioral flags were identified.

Results

This study included 25 registered emergency nurses at a large academic health system, with a mean (SD) tenure of 5 (6) years in the ED. Their mean (SD) age was 33 (7) years; 19 were women (76%) and 6 were men (24%). Participants self-reported their race as Asian (3 [12%]), Black (3 [12%]), White (15 [60%]), or multiple races (2 [8%]); 3 participants (12%) self-reported their ethnicity as Hispanic or Latinx. Five themes (with subthemes) were identified: (1) benefits of flags (useful advisory; prevents violence; engenders compassion), (2) issues with flags (administrative and process issues; unhelpful; unenforceable; bias; outdated), (3) patient transparency (patient accountability; damages patient-clinician relationship), (4) system improvements (process; built environment; human resources; zero-tolerance policies), and (5) difficulties of working in the ED (harassment and abuse; unmet mental health needs of patients; COVID-19–related strain and burnout).

Conclusions and Relevance

In this qualitative study, nursing perspectives on the utility and importance of EHR behavioral flags varied. For many, flags served as an important forewarning to approach patient interactions with more caution or use safety skills. However, nurses were skeptical of the ability of flags to prevent violence from occurring and noted concern for the unintended consequences of introducing bias into patient care. These findings suggest that changes to the deployment and utilization of flags, in concert with other safety interventions, are needed to create a safer work environment and mitigate bias.
Primary Iris Stromal Cyst in a Female Patient Aged 26 Years
Authors: Alhalabi Nawras , Alia Diana , Alhasan Ahmad
Published: April 2023

This case report describes a diagnosis of primary iris stromal cyst in female patient aged 26 years during a routine ophthalmologic examination.
Association of Social-Ecological Factors With Delay in Time to Initiation of Postoperative Radiation Therapy
Authors: Sawaf Tuleen , Virgen Celina G. , Renslo Bryan , Farrokhian Nathan , Yu Katherine M. , Somani Shaan N. , Bur Andrés M. , Kakarala Kiran , Shnayder Yelizaveta , Gan Gregory N. , Graboyes Evan M. , Sykes Kevin J.
Published: April 2023

Importance

Timely initiation of postoperative radiation therapy (PORT) is associated with reduced recurrence rates and improved overall survival in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Measurement of the association of social-ecological variables with PORT delays is lacking.

Objective

To assess individual and community-level factors associated with PORT delay among patients with HNSCC.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This prospective cohort study carried out between September 2018 and June 2022 included adults with untreated HNSCC who were enrolled in a prospective registry at a single academic tertiary medical center. Demographic information and validated self-reported measures of health literacy were obtained at baseline visits. Clinical data were recorded, and participant addresses were used to calculate the area deprivation index (ADI), a measure of community-level social vulnerability. Participants receiving primary surgery and PORT were analyzed. Univariable and multivariable regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for PORT delays.

Exposures

Surgical treatment and PORT.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary outcome was PORT initiation delay (>42 days from surgery). Risk of PORT initiation delay was evaluated using individual-level (demographic, health literacy, and clinical data) and community-level information (ADI and rural-urban continuum codes).

Results

Of 171 patients, 104 patients (60.8%) had PORT delays. Mean (SD) age of participants was 61.0 (11.2) years, 161 were White (94.2%), and 105 were men (61.4%). Insurance was employer-based or public among 65 (38.5%) and 75 (44.4%) participants, respectively. Mean (SD) ADI (national percentile) was 60.2 (24.4), and 71 (41.8%) resided in rural communities. Tumor sites were most commonly oral cavity (123 [71.9%]), with 108 (63.5%) classified as stage 4 at presentation. On multivariable analysis, a model incorporating individual-level factors with health literacy in addition to community-level factors was most predictive of PORT delay (AOC= 0.78; R2, 0.18).

Conclusions and Relevance

This cohort study provides a more comprehensive assessment of predictors of PORT delays that include health literacy and community-level measures. Predictive models that incorporate multilevel measures outperform models with individual-level factors alone and may guide precise interventions to decrease PORT delay for at-risk patients with HNSCC.
The Readiness of Water Molecules to Split into Hydrogen + Oxygen: A Proposed New Aspect of Water Splitting
Authors: Schäfer Helmut , Schuster Anja , Kunis Stefan , Bookholt Tom , Hardege Jörg , Rüwe Klara , Brune Julia
Published: April 2023

The potential of the anode, at which the evolution of oxygen begins, is a key parameter that describes how well water is split in water electrolyzers. Research efforts related to electrocatalytically initiated water splitting that aim at reducing the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) overpotential to date focus on the optimization of materials used to produce the electrodes. Descriptors for the readiness of the H2O molecule itself to break down into its components have not been considered in water electrolysis experiments so far. In a simple set of experiments, it is found that adding dioxane to aqueous solutions leads to a substantial blueshift of the frequency of the OH stretch vibration which is a sign of an increased strength of the OH bond (intramolecular bonding). This phenomenon coincides with a significant increase in the OER onset potential as derived from cyclic voltammetry experiments. Thus, the OH stretch frequency can be an ideal indicator for the readiness of water molecules to be split in its cleavage products. This is thought to be first example of a study into the relationship between structural features of water as derived from Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic studies and key results derived from water electrolysis experiments.
Singlet Sensitization of a BODIPY Rotor Triggered by Marriage with Perovskite Nanocrystals
Authors: Cortés‐Villena Alejandro , Caminos Daniel A. , Galian Raquel E. , Pérez‐Prieto Julia
Published: April 2023

Surface chemistry and quantum confinement in nanocrystals (NCs) can modulate the energy transfer efficiency between lead halide perovskite (LHP) NCs and acceptor molecules in hybrid assemblies. It is demonstrated here that colloidal CsPbBr3 NCs capped with the oleic acid/oleylamine ligand pair act as a good singlet sensitizer of meso‐(4‐carboxyphenyl) BODIPY dye (C‐BPY). The energy transfer efficiency of ≈85% at 1 × 10−6 m is consistent with the strong binding of the BODIPY to the NC surface via the carboxylate group, as is evidenced by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies. A thorough analysis suggests a Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) mechanism from the perovskite to the acceptor dye. These results provide a better understanding of the underlying interaction in perovskite−organic chromophore nanohybrids and can be employed in the design of novel harvesting assemblies.
Coacervate‐Enhanced Deposition of Sprayed Pesticide on Hydrophobic/Superhydrophobic Abaxial Leaf Surfaces
Authors: Zhang Liangchen , Wang Jie , Fan Yaxun , Wang Yilin
Published: April 2023

Deposition of high‐speed droplets on inverted surfaces is important to many fundamental scientific principles and technological applications. For example, in pesticide spraying to target pests and diseases emerging on abaxial side of leaves, the downward rebound and gravity of the droplets make the deposition exceedingly difficult on hydrophobic/superhydrophobic leaf underside, causing serious pesticide waste and environmental pollution. Here, a series of bile salt/cationic surfactant coacervates are developed to attain efficient deposition on the inverted surfaces of diverse hydrophobic/superhydrophobic characteristics. The coacervates have abundant nanoscale hydrophilic/hydrophobic domains and intrinsic network‐like microstructures, which endow them with efficient encapsulation of various solutes and strong adhesion to surface micro/nanostructures. Thus, the coacervates with low viscosity achieve high‐efficient deposition on superhydrophobic abaxial‐side of tomato leaves and inverted artificial surfaces with a water contact angle from 170° to 124°, much better than that of commercial agricultural adjuvants. Intriguingly, the compactness of network‐like structures dominantly controls adhesion force and deposition efficiency, and the most crowded one leads to the most efficient deposition. The tunable coacervates can help comprehensively understand the complex dynamic deposition, and provide innovative carriers for depositing sprayed pesticides on abaxial and adaxial sides of leaves, thereby potentially reducing pesticide use and promoting sustainable agriculture.
W‐Doping Induced Efficient Tunnel‐to‐Layered Structure Transformation of Na0.44Mn1‐xWxO2: Phase Evolution, Sodium‐Storage Properties, and Moisture Stability
Authors: Ding Qin , Zheng Wanhao , Zhao Along , Zhao Yanan , Chen Kean , Zhou Xi , Zhang Haiyan , Li Qingyu , Ai Xinping , Yang Hanxi , Fang Yongjin , Cao Yuliang
Published: April 2023

Na0.44MnO2 is a promising cathode material for sodium‐ion batteries owing to its excellent cycling stability and low cost. However, insufficient sodium storage sites still hinder its practical applications. Herein, a facile strategy to induce the efficient structural transformation from the tunnel to the layered type of Na0.44MnO2 by trace W‐doping for the first time is reported. The W‐doping not only enriches the sodium storage sites but also improves the cycling performance. As a result, the phase‐pure P2‐Na0.44Mn0.99W0.01O2 demonstrates an enhanced reversible specific capacity of 195.5 mAh g−1 and energy density of 517 Wh kg−1 at 0.1 C, accompanying superior cycling stability with capacity retention of 80% over 200 cycles. Moreover, the W‐doped samples show high structure stability in a moist atmosphere and can still maintain the original electrochemical performance after water treatment. In situ and ex situ characterizations reveal the enhanced structural stability of the P2‐Na0.44Mn0.99W0.01O2 electrodes. This work provides a facile strategy on the structural engineering of transition metal oxides to induce the tunnel‐to‐layered structure transformation and could shed light on the design and construction of stable and high‐capacity cathode materials.
Antibody titer after administration of mRNA‐based vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in liver transplant recipients
Authors: Mita Atsuyoshi , Ohno Yasunari , Masuda Yuichi , Yoshizawa Kazuki , Kubota Koji , Notake Tsuyoshi , Shimizu Akira , Matsunami Hidetoshi , Soejima Yuji
Published: April 2023

Introduction

The mRNA‐based vaccine was released as a COVID‐19 prophylactic; however, its efficacy in organ transplant recipients is unknown. This study aimed to clarify this in liver transplant recipients.

Methods

Herein, liver transplant recipients from two hospitals who received vaccines were included. Immunoglobulin‐G antibodies against the spike and nucleocapsid proteins were measured chronologically after the second, third, and fourth vaccine doses.

Results

Antibody levels in 125 liver transplant recipients and 20 healthy volunteers were analyzed. The median age at transplant was 35 (interquartile range 1, 53) years, and the period between transplant and the first dose was 15.2 ± 7.7 years. After the second and third doses, 89.1% and 100% of recipients displayed a positive humoral response, respectively. Anti‐spike antibodies after the second dose were significantly reduced at 3 and 6 months, compared to that at 1 month (26.0 [5.4, 59.5], 14.7 [6.5, 31.4] vs. 59.7 [18.3, 164.0] AU/mL, respectively, p < 0.0001). However, a booster vaccine significantly elevated anti‐spike antibodies in LT recipients (p < 0.0001) as well as in healthy controls (p < 0.0001). Additionally, the decay rate was comparable between the transplant recipients and controls (2.1 [0.8, 4.5] vs. 2.7 [1.1, 4.1] AU/mL/day, p = 0.9359). Only 4.0% of vaccinated transplant recipients were positive for anti‐nucleocapsid antibodies.

Conclusion

Liver transplant recipients can acquire immunity similar to that of healthy people through vaccination against SARS‐CoV‐2. The antibody decay rate is the same, and booster vaccinations should be administered similarly to that in healthy individuals.
Healthy lifestyle and cognitive aging: What is the gap behind prescribing healthier lifestyle?
Authors: Aravena José M.
Published: April 2023

Although there is a clear link between lifestyle and cognitive health, the dissonance between observational and intervention studies results reveals gaps in the knowledge of how to translate healthy lifestyles into better cognitive health for the population. This letter discusses gaps in interpreting observational studies linking healthy lifestyles and cognitive health in older adults. The main goal is to briefly highlight the necessity of understanding and incorporating intrinsic and extrinsic drivers of engagement in healthy lifestyles before prescribing and implementing individual and multicomponent programs.
Selective detection of nitrofurantoin by histidine‐capped silver nanoclusters with blue luminescence
Authors: Guo Yuyu , Chu Yiqing , Sun Xiaojuan , Cao Songhao , Li Xin , Li Xinyue
Published: April 2023

In view of the significance of nitrofurantoin, there is an urgent need for efficient analytical methods for accurate detection of nitrofurantoin. Considering their superior fluorescence performance and rarity of reports regarding nitrofurantoin detection by fluorescent silver nanoclusters (Ag NCs), Ag NCs with good stability and uniform size were synthesized through a simple method by protection of histidine (His) and reduction of ascorbic acid (AA). Based on the quenching by nitrofurantoin, Ag NCs were applied successfully in the detection of nitrofurantoin with high sensitivity. In the range of 0.5–150 μM, a linear relationship was found between ln(F0/F) and nitrofurantoin amounts. Static quenching and inner filter effect were proved to be the main quenching mechanisms. Significantly superior selectivity and satisfactory recovery results in bovine serum indicate that Ag NCs provide a better choice for nitrofurantoin detection.
Assessment of alcohol‐induced aggressive behavior in zebrafish (Danio rerio): A practical class
Authors: Lopes Andressa Rubim , Leandro Luana Paganotto , Mariano Maria Vitória Takemura , Posser Thais , Franco Jeferson
Published: April 2023

Ethanol (EtOH) is among the most consumed drugs in the world. The behavior of humans after ingestion of this drug is characteristic: At low doses it may be excitatory and at higher doses, it may induce depressant/sedative effects. Similar effects are observed in the zebrafish experimental model (Danio rerio), which has about 70% genetic similarity with humans and has been widely used in numerous research. With the objective of improving the learning of biochemistry students, this work aimed to develop a practical exercise in the laboratory for students to observe the behavioral repertoire of zebrafish under the effects of exposure to ethanol. Through this practical class, the students were able to observe the similarity of the behavior of the animal model with that of humans, showing its importance for the consolidation of knowledge, awakening in the students an interest in science and its applications in everyday life.
Using game concepts to improve programming learning: A multi‐level meta‐analysis
Authors: Costa Joana M.
Published: April 2023

Gamification has been widely used in education due to its application to different contexts. The vast number of possibilities allows the creation of learning strategies that lead to students' success. Despite the high acceptance of gamification among several authors in educational contexts, there are many dispersed studies with high differences in their results. Although gamification impacts motivation, interest, and engagement, its effect on students' learning outcomes needs to be clarified. This study aims to investigate the effects of gamification on programming learning and the impact of the most used game concepts on knowledge acquisition. A multi‐level meta‐analysis was conducted on studies above K‐12 to understand the effects of gamification in programming learning. From 15 combined effect sizes, it was analyzed the effect of points, badges, levels, avatars, leaderboards, and the number of elements used. The results showed that gamification leads to a significant increase in the results (Cohen's d = 0.4) but essentially due to the use of levels (p < .05). Using badges, points, avatars, and leaderboards showed no significant effect on programming learning, suggesting that these elements may be more beneficial to motivating or engaging the students. Gamification can be efficient in programming learning, but it is recommended the use of levels.
Soft skills play key role in successful leadership
Authors: Williams Melva K.
Published: April 2023

Higher education administrators are often asking about the secrets of good leadership. This question is the most important in moving the needle toward student success. The only way we can improve student learning outcomes is to place our energies toward professional development and ensure that our staff members are pushing the limits of their respective roles.
Impact of therapeutic strategy on disease‐free and overall survival of early‐stage cervical cancer: Surgery alone versus preoperative radiation
Authors: Mahiou Katia , Vincent Laura , Peignaux‐Casasnovas Karine , Costaz Hélène , Padeano Marie‐Martine , Amet Alix , Dabakuyo Sandrine , Mamguem Kamga Ariane , Bengrine‐Lefevre Leila , Coutant Charles
Published: April 2023

Background and Objectives

There is no international consensus for management of early‐stage cervical cancer (ESCC). This study aimed to retrospectively investigate disease‐free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with ESCC according to the therapeutic strategy used, surgery alone versus preoperative radiation following by surgery.

Methods

Data were retrospectively collected from 1998 to 2015 using the Gynecological Cancer Registry of the Côte d'Or. The inclusion criteria were FIGO 2018 ≤ IB2; squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma or adenosquamous type. Survival curves were compared using the log‐rank test.

Results

One hundred twenty‐six patients were included. Median survival was 90 months. There was no significant difference in DFS (HR = 0.91, 95%CI [0.32–2.53], p = 0.858) or in OS between surgery alone versus preoperative radiation following by surgery (HR = 0.97, 95%CI [0.31–2.99], p = 0.961). In the subgroup of patients with stage ≥IB1, there was no significant difference in DFS (HR = 3.26, p = 0.2) or in OS (HR = 3.87, p = 0.2).

Conclusion

Our study did not identify any difference in survival according to the treatment strategy. Preoperative radiation following by surgery can be an alternative to surgery alone for ESCC.
Optimized hierarchical radial basis function neural networks by developing coronavirus herd immunity optimizer for solid oxide fuel cells
Authors: Zou Ting , Chen Zhihui , Razmjooy Saeid
Published: April 2023

A new blackbox technique has been presented in this article for model estimation of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) for providing better results. The proposed method is based on a hierarchical radial basis function (HRBF). The presented method is then developed by a new modified metaheuristic called developed coronavirus herd immunity algorithm (DCHIA). The suggested model has been named DCHIA‐HRBF. The proposed model is then trained by some data and prepared for identification and prediction. The model is then analyzed and put in comparison with several latest techniques for validation of the efficiency of the technique. It is also verified by the empirical data to prove its validation with the real data. The results show that the best cost for the performance index which is the network error, is achieved by the proposed developed coronavirus herd immunity algorithm with about 119.442, which is satisfying for the considered function and target against the other state‐of‐the‐art methods. As a result, the simulation results specified that the suggested DCHIA‐HRBF delivers high effectiveness as an identifier and prediction tool for the SOFCs.
Overseeding aeschynomene and N fertilization effects on forage characteristics, N fixation, and N2O‐N emissions of bahiagrass pastures
Authors: Garzon Jaime , Vendramini Joao M. B. , Silveira Maria L. , Dubeux Jose Carlos B. , Liao Hui‐Ling , Sollenberger Lynn E. , da Silva Hiran M. S. , Gomes Vinicius C. , de Oliveira Hugo M. R.
Published: April 2023

Aeschynomene (Aeschynomene americana L.) is a warm‐season annual legume forage used in tropical and subtropical regions; however, there is limited information on agronomic and environmental benefits of aeschynomene when overseeded into bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flüggé) swards. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of overseeding aeschynomene or applying N fertilizer to existing bahiagrass on forage characteristics, atmospheric N fixation, and N2O‐N emissions. The study was conducted in Ona, FL, from April 2019 to March 2021. Treatments were the split‐plot arrangement of bahiagrass‐aeschynomene or bahiagrass monoculture (main plot) and N fertilization level (0 or 60 kg N ha−1; subplot), distributed in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. Nitrogen fixation was estimated in plots receiving no N fertilization. The static chamber technique was used to estimate N2O‐N emissions. Overseeding aeschynomene did not increase forage accumulation (mean = 1300 kg dry matter [DM] ha−1 harvest−1) or N2O emissions (mean = 15 g N2O‐N ha−1 per day), but increased forage crude protein (CP) concentration (from 98 to 108 g kg−1) when compared to bahiagrass monoculture. Nitrogen fertilization increased forage accumulation (from 1200 to 1400 kg DM ha−1 per harvest) but it did not affect aeschynomene N fixation (84% N derived from atmospheric fixation [Ndfa]). Nitrous oxide emissions had significant temporal variability across all treatments; however, there were no differences in accumulated N2O‐N emissions among treatments (mean = 2.4 kg N2O‐N ha−1 per year). Overseeding aeschynomene is an effective management practice to increase forage CP concentration in pastures without increasing N2O‐N emissions.
Evidence for feasibility of implementing online brief cognitive‐behavioral therapy for eating disorder pathology in the workplace
Authors: Toro Carla T. , Payne Agatha , Jackson Tabitha , Russell Sean , Daly Guy , Waller Glenn , Meyer Caroline
Published: April 2023

Objective

CBT‐T is a brief (10‐week) cognitive‐behavioral therapy for non‐underweight eating disorders. This report describes the findings from a single center, single group, feasibility trial of online CBT‐T in the workplace as an alternative to health service settings.

Method

This trial was approved by the Biomedical and Scientific Research Ethics committee, University of Warwick, UK (reference 125/20‐21) and was registered with ISRCTN (reference number: ISRCTN45943700). Recruitment was based on self‐reported eating and weight concerns rather than diagnosis, potentially enabling access to treatment for employees who have not previously sought help and for those with sub‐threshold eating disorder symptoms. Assessments took place at baseline, mid‐treatment (week 4), post‐treatment (week 10), and follow‐up (1 and 3 months post‐treatment). Participant experiences following treatment were assessed using quantitative and qualitative approaches.

Results

For the primary outcomes, pre‐determined benchmarks of high feasibility and acceptability were met, based on recruiting >40 participants (N = 47), low attrition (38%), and a high attendance rate (98%) over the course of the therapy. Participant experiences revealed low previous help‐seeking for eating disorder concerns (21%). Qualitative findings indicated a wide range of positive impacts of the therapy and the workplace as the therapeutic setting. Analysis of secondary outcomes for participants with clinical and sub‐threshold eating disorder symptoms showed strong effect sizes for eating pathology, anxiety and depression, and moderate effect sizes for work outcomes.

Discussion

These pilot findings provide a strong rationale for a fully powered randomized controlled trial to determine the effectiveness of CBT‐T in the workplace.

Public Significance

This study demonstrates the feasibility of implementing an eating disorders intervention (online CBT‐T) in the workplace as an alternative to traditional healthcare settings. Recruitment was based on self‐reported eating and weight concerns rather than diagnosis, potentially enabling access to treatment for employees who had not previously sought help. The data also provide insights into recruitment, acceptability, effectiveness, and future viability of CBT‐T in the workplace.
Genome size variation withinCrithmum maritimum: Clues on the colonization of insular environments
Authors: Roxo Guilherme , Brilhante Miguel , Moura Mónica , de Sequeira Miguel Menezes , Silva Luís , Costa José Carlos , Vasconcelos Raquel , Talhinhas Pedro , Romeiras Maria M.
Published: April 2023

Angiosperms present an astonishing diversity of genome sizes that can vary intra‐ or interspecifically. The remarkable new cytogenomic data shed some light on our understanding of evolution, but few studies were performed with insular and mainland populations to test possible correlations with dispersal, speciation, and adaptations to insular environments. Here, patterns of cytogenomic diversity were assessed among geographic samples (ca. 114) ofCrithmum maritimum(Apiaceae), collected across the Azores and Madeira archipelagos, as well as in adjacent continental areas of Portugal. Using flow cytometry, the results indicated a significant intraspecific genome size variation, spanning from reduced sizes in the insular populations to larger ones in the mainland populations. Moreover, there was a tendency for an increase in genome size along the mainland populations, associated with lower temperatures, higher precipitation, and lower precipitation seasonality. However, this gradient might be the result of historic phylogeographical events associated with previous dispersal and extinction of local populations. Overall, our findings provided evidence that smaller genome sizes might play a critical role in the colonization of islands, corroborating other studies that argue that organisms with smaller genomes use fewer resources, having a selective advantage under insular environments. Although further studies are needed to improve our understanding of the mechanisms underlying genome size evolution on islands, conservation strategies must be promoted to protect the rich cytogenomic diversity found amongC. maritimumpopulations, which occur in coastal areas that are particularly threatened by human activity, pollution, invasive species, and climate changes.