bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mycelial inhibition of Trichoderma spp. isolated from the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus with an extract of Pycnoporus sp.
Authors: Talavera-Ortiz Anaid , Chaverri Priscila , Diaz-Godinez Gerardo , Acosta-Urdapilleta Ma de Lourdes , Villegas Elba , Tellez-Tellez Maura
Published: August 2019

Abstract:Background and Aims: The production of edible fungi is affected by bacterial, fungal and viral diseases, which very often cause large losses. In the productionof mushrooms of the genus Pleurotus, the fungi of Trichoderma spp. represent a serious problem of contamination and although there are some chemical compoundsthat control the infection, they are not entirely safe for human consumption. As a consequence, alternatives are being searched for through biotechnology,such as the one presented in this paper.Methods: Strains of fungi of the genus Trichoderma were isolated from the substrate where Pleurotus ostreatus was being cultivated. These were identifiedmorphologically and molecularly, followed by tests to inhibit the growth of Trichoderma strains in both agar and wheat straw, using a cetonic extract of thedehydrated fruiting body of Pycnoporus sp.Key results: Two strains of Trichoderma (T. pleuroti and T. atrobrunneum, belonging to the clade of T. harzianum) were isolated from infected substrate obtainedin production modules of Pleurotus ostreatus located in Tlaquitenango and Cuernavaca, in the state of Morelos, Mexico. The effect of a cetonic extract of thefruiting body of Pycnoporus sp. on the mycelial growth of the isolated strains of Trichoderma was also evaluated, observing decrease in mycelial growth rate inPetri dish up to 72% and on lignocellulosic substrate both mycelial growth and sporulation were delayed up to 10 days.Conclusions: The extract of Pycnoporus sp. could be an alternative to control the infection by Trichoderma spp. in mushroom cultures of the genus Pleurotus.Key words: disease control, edible mushrooms, lignocellulosic substrate.
Presentación
Authors: Máttar V Salim
Published: August 2019

Nace un nuevo milenio y la Revista MVZ Córdoba se reorienta involucrándose en las nuevas tendencias de calidad editorial del mundo científico. Aunque sabemos que existen muchos investigadores con excelente formación académica, hemos intentado incluir los investigadores con experiencia en publicaciones nacionales e internacionales. Además, tratamos de distribuir equitativamente todas las áreas o disciplinas que cubre la Revista MVZ Córdoba como Acuicultura, Medicina Veterinaria, Zootecnia y Ciencias Básicas, con el propósito que estuvieran representadas en el comité científico editorial de la revista.
Producción de alevinos de especies nativas.
Authors: Atencio G Víctor
Published: August 2019

Las ventajas de desarrollar la piscicultura con especies nativas van desde la mejor adaptación de estos peces al clima y calidad del agua de la región hasta el hábito de consumo de la población. Entre estas especies se destacan por su importancia o potencialidad en la piscicultura continental colombiana las reofílicas, sobresaliendo: Piaractus brachypomus (cachama blanca), Colossoma macropomum (cachama negra), Prochilodus magdalenae (bocachico), Brycon moorei sinuensis (dorada), Brycon siebenthalae (yamú), Sorubim cuspicaudus (bagre blanco) y Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum (bagre rayado). De estas especies sólo el grupo de las cachamas tiene importancia en la piscicultura comercial del país, siendo el segundo piscicultivo más importante después de las tilapias, en razón de los importantes avances en el abastecimiento a gran escala de alevinos durante todo el año, mientras que en las otras especies el suministro de alevinos es deficiente. El éxito de la piscicultura como una bioindustria depende de los progresos en la obtención de una continua y estable producción de alevinos, siendo casi imposible desarrollar el cultivo a escala comercial de una especie si no hay disponibilidad permanente de semillas.
E.coli 0157: H7 enterohemorrágico: un agente etiológico de diarrea y zoonosis en Colombia subestimado. Parte I
Authors: Máttar V Salim , Visbal S Jorge , Arrieta German
Published: August 2019

En los últimos años, la enfermedad diarreica aguda (EDA) se ha convertido en un serio problema de salud pública; la EDA tiene las características de una verdadera pandemia si tenemos en cuenta que ha afectado a múltiples países en Europa y América. A nivel mundial, la EDA es una de las causas más importantes de morbi-mortalidad sobre todo en lactantes, niños y ancianos. Se ha estimado que en Asia, Africa y Latinoamérica, en razón a los factores socioeconómicos y nutricionales, la probabilidad de que un niño muera por enfermedad diarreica antes de los 7 años pueda llegar al 50%. En los países desarrollados la mortalidad es mucho menor, pero todavía significativa. (Máttar 1998). Según la organización mundial de la salud (OMS), la EDA, afecta a 750 millones de niños anualmente, y en este período se calcula que unos 4.6 millones mueren debido a la deshidratación que producen estos procesos infecciosos. Datos del Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS) y del Ministerio de Salud de Colombia, muestran que en 1993 se presentaron 470.772 casos de EDA en una población de 4.224.121 niños menores de 5 años para los 33 departamentos del país, siendo así una de las patológias más comunes en la población infantil y en especial en los menores de 5 años (Máttar 1996). EDA es una de las principales causantes de muerte infantil en Colombia (Máttar 1996); es una entidad multifactorial en la que principalmente, el criterio diagnóstico ha sido clínico a través del tiempo, y donde, el diagnóstico etiológico preciso no es usualmente el empleado.
Evaluación preliminar de la fecundidad del bocachico (Prochilodus magdalenae) en el Río Sinú, Colombia.
Authors: Olaya N Charles , Solano P Delio , Flórez A Olga , Blanco V Harold , Segura G Fredys
Published: August 2019

El Bocachico (Prochilodus magdalenae) es la principal especie de la pesquería en las cuencas de los ríos Magdalena y Sinú, debido a su gran aceptación y valor comercial en Colombia. Entre abril y junio de 2000, se recolectaron 44 ejemplares entre Lorica y Tierralta, con tallas entre 19.4 y 28.2 cm de longitud estándar (LS) y 24.6 y 35.0 cm de longitud total (LT), pesos totales entre 212.0 y 600.0 g. Las gónadas se colocaron en solución Gilson, aplicándose el Método gravimétrico para la estimación de la fecundidad. La talla y peso promedios fueron 23.9 cm (± 2.0), 369.0 g (± 80.0), respectivamente. El peso de los ovarios osciló entre 38.9 y 168.8 g, promediando 87.6 g (± 29.6), con fecundidad alta y fluctuando entre 69981 y 357012 huevos con promedio de 153114 (± 57491). Las tallas de inicio (TIM) y media de madurez TMM) estimadas fueron 19.4 y 23.8 cm de LS, con diferencias significativas (p<0.01) con rerspecto a las reportadas por Valderrama & Vejarano (2001). Los resultados de este estudio permiten inferir preliminarmente que se están capturando peces cuya talla media de captura (TMC = 23.2 cm LS) estimada por Valderrama & Vejarano (2001) es menor que la TMM. Comparando la TMM con la TMC recomendada por el INPA para la pesquería del río Sinú se observó que la diferencia es mayor, lo que sugiere la regulación de la pesquería lo más pronto posible. Las ecuaciones estimadas fueron: Wt = 0.16 LS 2.44, r = 0.92; F = 518.89 LS 1.78, r = 0.43; F = 427.23 Wt 0.99, r = 0.63 y F = 30182.27 Wg 0.35, r = 0.34. La regresión peso total - fecundidad fue la que presentó mejor correlación con respecto a las otras dos relaciones que involucran al número de huevos estimados, lo que confirma que la fecundidad está estrechamente relacionada con el peso de los peces; mientras que el coeficiente de crecimiento (b) de la relación longitud-peso es alométrico negativo, aunque todos los coeficientes de correlación son significativos al 95%. Las estimaciones de este estudio permiten revaluar a Yepes (1988), quien reportó 35.000 ovocitos promedio para la reproducción inducida del Bocachico (Prochilodus magdalenae) en el Río Sinú con tallas entre 23.0 y 25.0 cm LT, pero son semejantes con un nivel de confianza del 95% a las de Román-Valencia (1993) quien reporta tallas y fecundidad promedio de 24.5 cm (LS) y 148940 para el bocachico en el río Atrato.
Proporción óptima de alimento en el mantenimiento de La cepa del rotífero Brachionus patulus (Müller, 1786), bajo Condiciones de laboratorio.
Authors: Prieto G Martha , Espitia P. Gustavo
Published: August 2019

Se da a conocer la proporción óptima de alimento en el mantenimiento de Brachionus patulus cepa Ciénaga de Lorica en condiciones de laboratorio. Se empleó como alimento Chlorella sp. y una mezcla de Chlorella sp. Y levadura Saccharomyces cereviseae en concentración de 50X104cel.ml-1. Inoculando rotíferos en volúmenes de 250 ml con densidad inicial de 5 rot.ml-1; se evaluaron los factores poblacionales tomando como criterio cuatro proporciones diferentes con tres réplicas por tratamiento así: Chlorella sp. en concentración de 50x104cel.ml- 1, mezcla de Chlorella sp. y levadura en proporción 70:30 (35:15x104cel.ml-1), 30:70 (15:35x104cel.ml-1) y 50:50 (25:25x104cel.ml-1) respectivamente. La proporción de la mezcla 25:25x10 4cel.ml- 1 resultó ser óptima para el mantenimiento de la cepa en este caso, obteniendo con ella las mayores densidades (268.5rot.ml-1), tasa instantánea de crecimiento (0.44 rot.día -1), tiempo de duplicación (1.56 días) y producción diaria (26.4 rot.ml -1.día-1) de las poblaciones.
Using an Electronic App to Promote Home-Based Self-Care in Older Patients With Heart Failure: Qualitative Study on Patient and Informal Caregiver Challenges (Preprint)
Authors: Wali Sahr , Keshavjee Karim , Nguyen Linda , Mbuagbaw Lawrence , Demers Catherine
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND

Heart failure (HF) affects many older individuals in North America, with recurrent hospitalizations despite postdischarge strategies to prevent readmission. Proper HF self-care can potentially lead to better clinical outcomes, yet many older patients find self-care challenging. Mobile health (mHealth) apps can provide support to patients with respect to HF self-care. However, many mHealth apps are not designed to consider potential patient barriers, such as literacy, numeracy, and cognitive impairment, leading to challenges for older patients. We previously demonstrated that a paper-based standardized diuretic decision support tool (SDDST) with daily weights and adjustment of diuretic dose led to improved self-care.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to better understand the self-care challenges that older patients with HF and their informal care providers (CPs) face on a daily basis, leading to the conversion of the SDDST into a user-centered mHealth app.

METHODS

We recruited 14 patients (male: 8/14, 57%) with a confirmed diagnosis of HF, aged ≥60 years, and 7 CPs from the HF clinic and the cardiology ward at the Hamilton General Hospital. Patients were categorized into 3 groups based on the self-care heart failure index: patients with adequate self-care, patients with inadequate self-care without a CP, or patients with inadequate self-care with a CP. We conducted semistructured interviews with patients and their CPs using persona-scenarios. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed for emerging themes using an inductive approach.

RESULTS

Six themes were identified: usability of technology, communication, app customization, complexity of self-care, usefulness of HF-related information, and long-term use and cost. Many of the challenges patients and CPs reported involved their unfamiliarity with technology and the lack of incentive for its use. However, participants were supportive and more likely to actively use the HF app when informed of the intervention’s inclusion of volunteer and nurse assistance.

CONCLUSIONS

Patients with varying self-care adequacy levels were willing to use an mHealth app if it was simple in its functionality and user interface. To promote the adoption and usability of these tools, patients confirmed the need for researchers to engage with end users before developing an app. Findings from this study can be used to help inform the design of an mHealth app to ensure that it is adapted for the needs of older individuals with HF.
Editorial Foreword: IKAT on the right track
Authors: Robie David
Published: August 2019

This is the second edition of IKAT: The Indonesian Journal of Southeast Asian Studies and I have been honoured with a request to write an editorial foreword for this welcome addition to global research publishing with a focus on a region facing important challenges and interesting times. I thank Dr Vissia Ita Yulianto and her editorial colleagues for the invitation and opportunity to collaborate with this quality research initiative. The Center of Southeast Asian Social Studies (CESASS) at the Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, must be commended for launching such a valuable publication. The Pacific Media Centre at Aotearoa/New Zealand’s Auckland University of Technology (AUT) is proud to be associated with the venture.
ONLINE PERSPECTIVES ON ASEAN-JAPAN RELATIONS: Study of ASEAN-related Japanese Tweets
Authors: Pratidina Indah Santi
Published: August 2019

ASEAN targets internal integration and strong external relations with its partner countries. Japan has stressed its long-standing support for ASEAN. The year 2013 saw the 40th anniversary of Japan-ASEAN relations when Japanese state actors put considerable efforts into marking this anniversary. Although Japan remains one of ASEAN's largest trading partners and sources of foreign direct investment, recent years has witnessed power relations dynamic in the region with China and South Korea actively engaging as well. State actors’ statements on ASEAN-Japan relations had been the heavy focus of scholars interested in the field. However, insights from all levels of society are important for a more comprehensive observation. An analysis of social media, and in particular Twitter, offers one way to accomplish this purpose.    The total of 3.29 million tweets containing the word “ASEAN” were collected from November 2013 to December 2015. From the dataset, it was identified that tweets using Japanese language are the third highest in volume after Indonesian and English. Content analyses were conducted to answer the questions on how ASEAN as an entity is viewed by the populations of its partner countries; which aspects of the integration project attract Twitter users’ interests also, in the relation to strong external relations that ASEAN want to pursue, which countries are mentioned in the tweets and on which aspects? Using keywords from the Blueprints of ASEAN Community’s integration aspects, the tweets were categorized as related to economics, political-security and socio-cultural topics. Countries mentioned in the dataset were counted and then categorized according to these aspects as well. The study finds economic and political-security themed tweets are the largest in volume with heavy mentioning of Japan, China and South Korea. Results suggest that online conversations about ASEAN are still strongly influenced by government and mainstream media’s agenda.
Editorial Foreword For IKAT, Number 2
Authors: Reid Anthony
Published: August 2019

It is a pleasure to introduce this second issue of the enterprising new journal, IKAT.  It is breaking new ground in opening Indonesia to its region, and establishing a high standard of scholarly publication in English. It is good to see Southeast Asians taking up the challenge of understanding their own region.  As the Orientalist tradition of Europe weakens, institutions and individuals in the region must take up the challenge of understanding, preserving and analysing Southeast Asian cultures, many of them endangered.  Southeast Asian Studies must return to Southeast Asia, and IKAT is certainly helping this process.
Remembering the Forgotten Past: A Case Study of Bali's First Governor, Anak Agung Bagus Sutedja
Authors: Wijaya Nyoman
Published: August 2019

This article explores the way forgetting and remembering a dark past takes place in Balinese society. To do so, it takes the case of Anak Agung Bagus Sutedja, the first Governor of Bali, who was appointed in 1959 but 'disappeared' in 1965 or 1966. He has been systematically forgotten by Balinese society and, more specifically, by and within the academic community of Udayana University. Applying a historical approach, this article argues that the process of forgetting in the community is deeply entangled with the New Order's embodied official narratives about the 1965 tragedy
Political Economy of the Muslim Middle Class in Southeast Asia: Religious Expressions Trajectories in Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand
Authors: Rozaki Abdur , Kusuma Bayu Mitra A. , Faiz Abd. Aziz
Published: August 2019

The growth of Muslim middle class in the three Southeast Asian countries namely Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand are heavily influenced by each state's political development policy as well as the growing phenomenon oftheMuslim market as part of the global market dynamics. This paper aims to describe the phenomenon of state and society relations in regardsto policies that influence the growth of the Muslim middle class and how the market contributes to their expansion. The research shows that Muslim middle class in Indonesia is a result of the ever-crisscrossing force between state-driven pro-market policies, market-driven mechanisms, and the development of information technology that creates the demands of modern lifestyles. In terms of the Malaysian context, the Muslim middle-class formation is closely linked toastate driven policy in the form of ethnicity-based policy: an affirmative policy to strengthen the Malays, which is identical with Islam. While for the case of Muslim middle class in Thailand, the formation is largely determined by the central government's political policy. The Thai government uses different political approaches, which varies depending on the level of the Muslim community’s compromise in each region. In the end, the differences in the process of Muslim middle-class formation in these countries shaped their Muslim communities’ religious expressionsboth economically and politically in the public sphere.
Response of Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of 4 Flood- tolerant Sugarcane (Saccharum Officinarum L.) Cultivars to ZA (Zwavelzuur Ammoniac) fertilizer application in Jember and Bondowoso
Authors: Avivi Sholeh , Purnomo Cacuk , Arum Ayu Puspita , Winarso Sugeng , Hartatik Sri
Published: August 2019

Geography Indonesia potentially as a country producers sugar the largest in the world.Efforts to meet the demand of sugar Indonesia may be done by means the increased production of through effort extension and intensification.Business extension can be done use land marginal as land wetness.This study attempts to get doses fertilizer ZA right in apply them to several varieties cane tolerant against wetness on two different locations. Research carried out in agrotechnopark garden Jubung University Jember and gardens seed Dewisri Bondowoso start months Nopember 2015-Nopember 2016. Design experiments used design random group factorials.Factors first is doses fertilizer ZA (N), with 3 the economic situation of treatment N0: 0 kg/ha without fertilizer ZA, N1: 500 kg/ha and N2: 1000 kg per/ha.The second factor is 4 varieties (V) cane the selection results of 2014, : V1: varieties PSJT 941, V2: varieties Bulu Lawang, V3: varieties PS 865 and V4: varieties Kidang Kencana.The research results show that treatment doses fertilizer ZA 1000 kg/ha impact on a tall stems, the number of saplings, diameter of the stem and the number of segments.Treatment doses fertilizer ZA 500 kg/ha impact on number of leaves, heavy fresh header, heavy dry header, heavy fresh roots, heavy dried root, brix content, the womb sucrose and the sugar reduction.Varieties cane tolerant against wetness indicated by brix content and the sucrose is highest in varieties PS 865, then varieties Bulu Lawang, varieties PSJT 941 and varieties Kidang Kencana. The womb sugar reduction is highest in varieties PSJT 941, then varieties PS 865, varieties Kidang Kencana and Bulu Lawang.
The Effect of Furrow Containing Organic Matters to Upland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Growth and Yield in Agroforestry System with Kayu Putih
Authors: Tarigan Puji Lestari , Tohari Tohari , Suryanto Priyono
Published: August 2019

This research was aimed to know the effects of the furrow system containing organic matter for rainfed, to growth and yield of several varieties on agroforestry system with Kayu Putih. The research was conducted in Petak 83 Resort Pengelolaan Hutan (RPH) Menggoran, Bagian Daerah Hutan (BDH) Playen, Kesatuan Pengelolaan Hutan (KPH) Yogyakarta from March to August of 2018. The experimental design applied the strip plot design. The vertical factor was the furrow system of treatment consisting of 2 levels i.e, without furrow + without organic matter and furrow + organic matters. The horizontal factors were the varieties of upland rice consisting of 3 varieties i.e. Situ Patenggang, Situ Bagendit, and Ciherang. Then the collected data were analyzed by analysis of variance (Anova) applying a level of significance α = 5%. Whenever the significant differences among treatments were found, further analysis was carried out by applying the Tukey's HSD (Honestly Significant Difference) at 5% levels. The result showed that furrow containing organic matter was able to support plant growth in dry land. Situ Patenggang has highest adaptation to growth dan produce in drought stress. The combination of furrow containing organic matter with Situ Patenggang showed the best result in CGR, total root length, total chlorophyll content, number of panicle, number of spikelet per panicle, 1000 grain weight and estimated productivity.
Chalcolithic and Middle Bronze Age obsidian industries at Karmir Sar: A mountain view on the lithic economies of the Southern Caucasus
Authors: Purschwitz Christoph
Published: August 2019

The high-altitude site of Karmir Sar is located around 2850 m a.s.l. on the southern slopes of Mt. Aragats (Armenia). Numerous stone structures (including vishaps, cromlechs, stone enclosures) are found all over the 40 ha-sized meadow, out of which three vishaps, four cromlechs and one circular stone structure have been investigated since 2012. According to 14C-dates, pottery and diagnostic lithic artefacts, human presence at Karmir Sar started as early as the Chalcolithic Period and continued (with gaps) until modern times; whereby the Middle Bronze Age (MBA) and the Medieval era represent the most intensive periods of occupation.

This contribution presents primary data on the typology and technology of 1129 chipped lithic artefacts that have been excavated in four trenches at Karmir Sar (operations KS A, KS C, KS D, and KS E). This study of the lithic industries of Karmir Sar will be embedded within the framework of lithic economy, which considers lithic artefacts as part of a comprehensive interaction between lithic production and consumption. The lithic economy includes strategies of raw material procurement, blanks production and its transformation into tools, tool use, as well as the circulation of raw materials or products. Due to multiple use episodes and a general lack of clear stratigraphical horizons, the assemblages of Karmir Sar are not suitable to define the lithic industry for specific periods (such as the Chalcolithic or MBA periods). However, the data allows for general conclusions on lithic production and consumption at Karmir Sar, which appears to be quite similar during both periods.

The Chalcolithic and MBA lithic economies at Karmir Sar are characterized by an ad hoc tool production environment, which well matches the needs of semi-mobile herder societies. The majority of raw materials appear to be procured from secondary source areas (such as riverbeds) which is indicated by a high ratio of battered and rolled surfaces. Tools are predominantly produced on-site, and according to daily demands by simple flake core technology. This allowed for a flexible, spontaneous blank and tool production without being dependent on specialized blade producers.
Andesite and obsidian accessibility and distribution during the Holocene in north-west Santa Cruz province (south-central Patagonia), Argentina
Authors: Sacchi Mariana , Bozzuto Damián Leandro , Guraieb Ana Gabriela , Civalero María Teresa , Maveroff Nicolás
Published: August 2019

This paper discusses different aspects related to the andesite and obsidian availability and circulation routes in different moments of the occupation sequence in the Pueyrredón-Posadas-Salitroso (PPS) Lake Basin in the north, and the Burmeister-Belgrano (BB) Lake Basin to the south (north-west Santa Cruz province, Argentinian Patagonia).

The distribution of raw materials - both in space and time - allows us to assert that potential regional circulation routes would have been affected differentially by the palaeolakes present from the Pleistocene up until the mid-Holocene. We are taking into account three sites: Cueva Milodón Norte 1 (CMN1), located in the northeast coast of the Pueyrredón Lake, Cerro de los Indios 1 (CI1) (central portion of the PPS Basin), and Cerro Casa de Piedra 7 (CCP7) (near to the Burmeister Lake). This investigation considers six periods, based on the calibrated ranges from 73 radiocarbon dates: 17 from CI1, 14 from CMN1, and 42 radiocarbon dates from CCP7.

As a result of this analysis we can conclude that, in sites with a higher density of occupation such as CI1 and CCP7, the use of obsidian (non-local rock) and andesite or basalt did not vary over time. In the case of CMN1, access to the sources of these raw materials varied according to the presence of large bodies of water, although it does not seem to have influenced the procurement of these rocks.
Technological change during final Mid-Holocene and early Late Holocene (ca. 5000-2000 years BP) in Barrancas (Jujuy province, Argentina)
Authors: Hoguin Rodolphe , Kohan Patricio
Published: August 2019

The archaeological evidence from the end of the Middle Holocene and the beginning of the Late Holocene (ca. 5000-2000 years BP) shows a period of great changes. These appear to be the main result of low residential mobility occupations and subsistence strategies based in the specialized hunting of camelids, their domestication and further herding. Even though there is no consensus over the relative importance of each adopted strategy (hunting vs. herding) during this temporal sequence, several and relevant changes can be observed, related to many social spheres. In this paper, we present the particular changes over lithic technology during the temporal sequence proposed through two sites analysed from Barrancas: Laguna Media 7 and Morro Blanco. First, we will clarify the concept of technical system and describe the operative chains observed in both sites. This context is suitable for the topic addressed in this paper, since the chronological difference between both sites (ca. 3400-3200 years BP) is almost contemporary with the appearance in the region of the domesticated camelid Lama glama. Thus, we explain the changes in lithic technology and their relation with the other raw materials used in different technologies from a qualitative characterization. Afterwards this change is characterized by performing separate Chi square analysis from the quantification between both sites of: transformative and prehensile techno-units, shaping and knapping methods. We detect some continuities related to the operative chains, but some changes as well, with the disappearance of blade knapping. Finally, we conclude that the changes during this time period are mainly related with the prehensile and hafting system, associated to a broader regional technological change, influenced by the circulation and exchange of goods, knowledge and people.
Conocimiento en jóvenes universitarios sobre cáncer testicular.
Authors: González Domínguez Erika Lizbeth , Marañón Flores Nancy Lizeth , Pereda Becerril Luis Rodrigo , Ramírez Reyes Jazmín , Sánchez Enríquez Dulce Wendolin , Carrasco Yepez María Maricela
Published: August 2019

El cáncer testicular representa la neoplasia más común entre los hombres de 14 y 44 años. Diversos factores son los que contribuyen al desarrollo de esta patología. La autoexploración testicular y el conocimiento de la enfermedad se consideran como una intervención de educación para la salud particularmente efectiva. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue identificar el conocimiento sobre algunos aspectos en relación al cáncer testicular tales como la información recibida, factores de riesgo, sintomatología y autoexploración en estudiantes varones de dos entidades universitarias. Estudio cuantitativo no experimental, descriptivo transversal, el cual fue realizado a 100 universitarios entre 20-25 años de edad, 50 alumnos de la Carrera de Enfermería de la Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala (FESI-UNAM) y 50 estudiantes de la carrera de Ingeniería de Control y Automatización (ICA) del Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Todos ellos cursando entre el séptimo y octavo semestre de las respectivas carreras, seleccionados de manera no probabilística por conveniencia. Se aplicó un cuestionario de 12 items el cual exploraba el conocimiento del alumno sobre el cáncer testicular.  El 74% de los alumnos de enfermería y el 20% de ingeniería han recibido información sobre él cáncer testicular. El 28% de los alumnos de enfermería y 8% de ingeniería identifican correctamente los síntomas. Discusión: Los resultados observados en el presente estudio presentan un patrón similar al reportado por diferentes autores en relación al tema, por lo que se puede mencionar que la difusión existente a nivel general sobre esta neoplasia es limitada Conclusión: Los alumnos de enfermería cuentan con más conocimiento sobre la patología, sin embargo, no realizan la técnica de autoexploración correctamente. Los alumnos de ICA, en su mayoría conocen muy poco sobre este problema de salud y en consecuencia desconocen la técnica correcta de autoexploración.

PALABRAS CLAVE: Conocimiento; estudiantes universitarios; cáncer testicular.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF ELASTIC LIPOSOMES OF DECITABINE PREPARED BY ROTARY EVAPORATION METHOD
Authors: Nwobodo Nwobodo Ndubuisi , Amin Adamude Fatima , John Dingwoke Emeka , Ubhenin Abraham
Published: August 2019

Decitabine is a cytidine deoxynucleoside analog, which acts by inhibiting DNA methyltransferase, and is used for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. Decitabine has a short half-life (25 minutes), and is sensitive to harsh conditions. Elastic liposomes are an effective tool that can be used to overcome this disadvantage. Elastic liposomes also known as transfersomes are modified lipid carriers that enable drug to reach deeper skin layers and/or the systemic circulation. These vesicular formulations are several orders of magnitudes, more deformable than the standard liposomes and thus well suited for skin penetration. The objective of present study is to develop and evaluate the elastic liposomes of Decitabine so as to provide the sustained release and improve its bioavailability. Elastic liposomes were prepared by rotary evaporation method using Span 80 and Span 60 as a surfactants. The prepared Elastic liposomes were evaluated for entrapment efficiency, vesicle size, in vitro drug release. The drug release profiles from different elastic liposomes-in-vehicle formulations were in agreement with the physicochemical properties of the formulations. Based on different parameters formulations of batch ELS1 was found to be the best formulations. Stability study was performed on the selected formulation ELS1. Study concludes that Decitabine can also be formulated in the liposomal carrier which finds its best way for the topical administration.
Corporate governance in Slovenia: Working at last?
Authors: Damijan Sandra , Damijan Jože P.
Published: August 2019

Because of deploying specific methods of privatization that favoured domestic over foreign owners and that enabled both internal owners and state-controlled funds to gain control over companies, corporate governance in Slovenia used to be a cumbersome issue over the last two decades. This led to an on-going battle for control over companies. On one side, in addition to management buy-outs, internal owners used peculiar methods, such as “shares parking” at related companies to gain control over companies of interest without having to engage in a takeover procedure. On the other side, the government used its state-controlled funds to gain control over strategic companies in specific sectors, such as finance, energy, transport and telecommunications. Combined with direct holdings of assets by the state, this gave the existing political coalition in power a mechanism to exert control over a large number of companies and to interfere with the management of privatized firms through an adverse selection of candidates for supervisory boards and board of directors. The victims of these unsound corporate governance practices were usually small shareholders and suboptimal performance of companies. For a private sector, the “game-changer” was a financial crisis that deprived many management-owned companies of control over the companies, while government involved in some changes in the regulatory framework to fight peculiar corporate governance practices. However, while Slovenia has gradually established a modern framework for a transparent corporate governance system, regulating listed and non-listed private companies as well as SOEs, the practices deployed by the parties are still far from transparent, adequate and professional.
The Prospective Association Between Inflammation and Depressive Symptoms in Type 2 Diabetes Stratified by Sex
Authors: Moulton Calum D. , Pickup John C. , Rokakis Anna S. , Amiel Stephanie A. , Ismail Khalida , Stahl Daniel
Published: August 2019

OBJECTIVE

We tested whether inflammation is associated with worsening depressive symptoms in type 2 diabetes and examined whether sex moderated this association.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

In a prospective cohort study of people with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, we measured depressive symptoms over a 2-year follow-up using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). The independent variable was a composite inflammation burden score at diagnosis of diabetes, derived from hs-CRP, white cell count, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-1 receptor antagonist, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, and vascular endothelial growth factor concentrations. General linear models assessed 1) the association between overall inflammation burden and estimated marginal mean PHQ-9 score (ln transformed) at 2 years and 2) whether sex interacted with elevated inflammation burden (above-median score) in predicting change in PHQ-9 score. Models were adjusted for age, ethnicity, BMI, blood pressure, cholesterol, HbA1c, antidepressants, anti-inflammatory medications, and baseline ln PHQ-9 score.

RESULTS

Of 1,174 people with complete inflammation data, mean (SD) age was 56.7 (11.0) years and 46.1% were of nonwhite ethnicity and 44.1% female. After full adjustment, inflammation burden was not associated with worsening ln PHQ-9 score (P = 0.65). However, female sex interacted with elevated inflammation in predicting higher 2-year ln PHQ-9 score (β = 0.32, P = 0.005), showing that the difference by inflammation burden in females was 0.32 larger than in males. In post hoc comparisons, ln PHQ-9 score was higher in females than males with elevated inflammation (P = 0.003) but not with low inflammation (P = 0.34) burden.

CONCLUSIONS

In type 2 diabetes, female sex confers specific vulnerability to the effects of inflammation on depressive symptoms.
On Some Growth Relations of Composite Integral Functions Represented By Central Index
Authors: Abedsadaa Aseel Hameed
Published: August 2019

In the present paper, the growth rate of the central index of the composition of two integral functions in terms of the left and right factors are discussed.
the effect of ferric oxide nanoparticles on peroxidase and catalase enzyme activity in healthy human serum
Authors: Abdulsada Shaemaa hadi
Published: August 2019

الخلاصه :
تم في هذا البحث تحضير الدقائق النانويه لاوكسيد الحديد باستخدام طريقه محلول الهلام من حامض الاوليك .تم دراسه حجم الدقائق النانويه بواسطه مسح المجهر الالكتروني وتحليل الجاذبيه الحراريه .تم دراسة تاثير الدقائق النانويه لاوكسيد الحديد على فعاليه انزيم الكاتليز والبيروكسيديز . اظهرت النتائج ان للدقائق النانويه المحضره تاثير تثبيطي تنافسي على انزيم البيروكسيديز ولاتنافسي على الكاتليز .
Abstract:
In this work ferric oxide nanoparticles were prepared by sol-gel method from oleic acid .the size of nanoparticles were studied by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA).the effect of ferric oxide nanoparticles on catalase and peroxidase enzyme activity in healthy human serum were studied .the results showed that ferric nanparticles acted as competitive inhibitor with peroxidase and un competitive inhibitor with catalase enzyme .
Generalizations of The New Technique for Spectral Conjugatе Gradient Methods
Authors: Hassan Basim A.
Published: August 2019

In this article, we will present a generalizations of the nеw technique for spеctral conjugatе gradient methods based on the descent condition that by using a simple method to prove the global convеrgence of the nеw method without the Wolfе line searches. Depending on our numerical experiments we can confirme that our proposеd mеthods are prеferable and in genеral superior to the classical conjugatе gradiеnt mеthods in tеrms of efficiеncy.
Investigation the level of IL-10 and IFN-γ in mice infected with Entamoeba histolytica and treated with earthworm powder
Authors: Chachain Nebrass Faleh , Jamil Hussein Ali , Salman Shaima Dawood
Published: August 2019

This study was carried out to detect the effect of earthworm powder on the Entamoeba histolytica in white mice and to measure the serum of two cytokines (IFN-γ and IL-10) of infected and treated mice with earthworm powder in comparing with metronidazole drug after 3, 7 and 9 days. Result showed that the infected mice which treated with earthworm powder in a concentration of 200 mg/ml for 10 days the level of IFN-γ in serum was (170.67, 150.33 and 145.67 pg/ml) respectively compared with control group, in the earthworm powder group (none infected) level of IFN-γ after 3, 7, 9 days was (105.50, 121.50, 127.00 pg/ml) respectively, also in the metronidazole treatment group IFN-γ level after 3, 7, 9 days was (188.33, 263.50, 253.33 pg/ml) respectively compared to control group. In the treatment earthworm powder group level IL-10 after 3, 7, 9 days was (108.67, 105.67 and 103.17 pg/ml) respectively compared with control group, but in the earthworm powder group (none infected) level IL-10 after 3, 7, 9 days was (95.67, 95.83, 95.67 pg/ml) respectively, also in the metronidazole treatment group IL-10 level after 3, 7, 9 days was (109.83, 107.67, 103.33 pg/ml) respectively compared with control groups.
Bacterial Pathogens of Patients with Urinary Tract Infections and Antibiotics Susceptibility in Taiz Governorate-Yemen
Authors: Alganady Ahmed sallem
Published: August 2019

One of the most prevalent bacterial infections are urinary tract infections (UTIs), which affect any age of individuals and they appear higher in women than men, the major problem regarding UTIs are the difficult of antibiotics treatment, due to bacterial pathogens resistance. So, the current study aimed to detect the types of bacterial pathogens and their antibiotics susceptibility of UTIs in Taiz Governorate – Yemen. In this cohort study, one hundred and ten (110) mid-stream urine samples were collected from a symptomatic UTIs patient, the type of bacterial pathogens was identified by using standard bacteriological media and biochemical tests and determine the antibiotics sensitivity to these bacteria using disk diffusion tests. Out of one hundred and ten of urine samples:: 65 of patients were females and 45 were males and the bacterial growth in these patients were sixty-four [46(58.2%)] : (33.7%) were females and (24.5%) were males. Our findings showed that the types of bacterial pathogens include: Escherichia coli (32.7%), Klebsiellapneumoniae (9.1%), Staphylococcus aureus (6.4%), Proteus mirabilis (5.5%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4.5%). The majority (57.9%) of the isolates were from female. The prevalence of UTIs is high among patients with age between 16-30 years with the incident rate 20.9 %, age groups 1-15 years have the lower incidence rate 5.5%. UTIs were more prevalent among the rural area population, there were 50% than the population of the city center, there were 8.2% and the rate of infections were more prevalent among illiterate (no read and write) patients with incidence rate 44.5% , compared to literate (read and write) patients 13.6%. Also, our results showed that the sensitivity test against bacterial pathogens as All bacterial isolates was more sensitive to Ciprofloxacin, followed by Amikacin, Gentamycin , Cefotaxime (except Staphylococcus aureus Cefotaxime (42.9%) and Ceftriaxone (except Staphylococcus aureus) (28.6%). Staphylococcus aureus isolated also were sensitive to Erythromycin, Rifampicin, and Cephalothin. Finally, all isolates showed very high rate of resistance against Amoxicillin, ampicillin and penicillin G.
Mobile Face Recognition Application using Eigen face Approaches for Android
Authors: Husein Mais mohamed , Alzubaydi Dhia
Published: August 2019

Face recognition is one of current biometrics identification methods, that based on the measuring to one of human biological characteristics and utilize them to recognize individuals. these characteristics which are called biometric they are hard to fake because they identify a person by measuring one of its biological characteristics such as (finger print, iris print and face print). With the rapid improvement of mobile technologies that happen in last decade face recognition process can make using mobile phone, this paper explains the building of mobile face recognition system using Eigen face approach, Experimental results have been tested on a local data-set that has been created to analyze the efficiency of the application in various cases including different illumination conditions, variation of view, and orientation, the recognition rate of the application when testing on Galaxy Grand Prime + was 78.4. while The recognition rate when testing on Galaxy Note 5 was 82.4. The accuracy of this application can reach to 100% if we use camera with high accuracy and on good light condition.
Study the effect of UV radiation on the thermal conductivity of the (Epoxy – polyurethane) blend reinforced with the particulate and nano Clay
Authors: Suhail Gasak talal , Anter Faik Hammad , Al-Sarraj Ziyad Shihab
Published: August 2019

This research involves using epoxy resin and polyurethane resin to form a blend (Epoxy+ Polyurethane) with different ratios (90 – 10)%, (80 – 20)%, (70 – 30)%, and (60 – 40)% to get the best ratio for impact strength as a function of materiale toughness; then reinforced with micro and nano (Clay) and with weight fraction (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%). Thermal conductivity were studied in natural condition and after exposure to UV irradiationfor(24h). Results showed that the composite (nano Clay+ blend) had better properties compared with (micro Clay+ blend) composite. Also thermal conductivity show increases with increasing the weight fraction for all samples and values in the case of UV radiation are higher than values in natural condition.
RELIGIÃO E MIGRAÇÃO: CONSIDERAÇÕES A PARTIR DO PENSAMENTO DE JORGE MARIO BERGOGLIO E PAPA FRANCISCO.
Authors: Siqueira Antonio De Oliveira
Published: August 2019

Este artigo pretende avaliar o que pensava Jorge Mario Bergoglio sobre os migrantes e como se comportou sobre o mesmo tema a partir do momento em que foi escolhido como sucessor do Papa Bento XVI, quando então escolheu ser chamado por Francisco. Para tanto, foram analisados todos os seus discursos oficiais enquanto Cardeal Arcebispo de Buenos Aires e uma série importante de documentos também oficiais relacionados ao período de seu pontificado. Como já se esperava, apesar de se tratar de dois momentos diferentes de uma mesma pessoa, o pensamento ao longo de sua trajetória manteve-se, não se percebendo modificações importantes que pudessem estar alinhados com pretensões de outras partes interessadas, mantendo-se a coerência de um discurso que sempre prevaleceu.
TEOPOÉTICA – UM CAMPO DE PESQUISA PARA OS CIENTISTAS DA RELIGIÃO?
Authors: Silveira Raydan Karina Masci
Published: August 2019

Este artigo visa uma reflexão epistemológica e metodológica para a área das Ciências da Religião acerca das pesquisas que envolvem a literatura como fonte de reflexões sobre as diversas manifestações dos fenômenos religiosos. A metodologia utilizada foi o levantamento bibliográfico, por meio de busca online, das produções que tratam da temática em periódicos da área Ciências da Religião e Teologia, bem como das teses e dissertações em Ciências da Religião que abordam a relação entre religião e literatura. Encontramos, nesse levantamento, diversos trabalhos nos quais se discute teologia e literatura. Entretanto, percebemos uma carência de reflexões epistêmico-metodológicas que buscassem relacionar religião e literatura sob o viés das Ciências da Religião. Dessa forma, apresentaremos os dados levantados e as reflexões originadas a partir desses dados, buscando responder às seguintes questões: qual o cenário das produções de artigos relacionadas às pesquisas em teopoética no contexto brasileiro? Como esse campo tem sido trabalhado nas dissertações e teses doutorais relacionadas aos programas brasileiros de pós-graduação em Ciências da Religião? Em que medida podemos pensar numa construção de ordem epistêmico-metodológica nas pesquisas em teopoética a partir das Ciências da Religião? As pesquisas em teopoética realizadas por cientistas da religião têm trazido perspectivas dessa ordem?
TRADUÇÃO: RECONHECENDO O PROBLEMA DO DESENCANTO
Authors: De Carvalho Bruna David , Taves Ann
Published: August 2019

Seguindo o que foi retratado no livro de Asprem nos termos da Problemgeschichte, podemos nos perguntar o que significa “problema”. Problemas, como ele os usa, são baseados em experiências humanas, o que significa que para problemas serem problemas as pessoas precisam percebê-los como tal. O problema do desencanto, portanto, implica em (1) a percepção do problema e (2) várias respostas ao problema. Asprem foca, primeiramente, em como as pessoas respondem ao problema. Mas nós podemos perguntar como, quando e porque, afinal, as pessoas percebem o problema. Se reconhecermos que um problema pode ser construído em termos da “percepção do evento” nós podemos então ver Problemgeschichte como envolvendo a percepção dos problemas em vários níveis de nossa percepção do passado histórico, nosso passado pessoal, os eventos imediatos e, portanto, permitindo uma integração maior entre sociologia e psicologia.
MEIO AMBIENTE, RELIGIÃO E ALTERIDADE: BREVE ANÁLISE, POR ENTRE A ÓTICA MIDIÁTICA, DO CONTEXTO SOCIAL NO PÓS-ROMPIMENTO DA BARRAGEM EM BRUMADINHO – MG.
Authors: Miranda Antonio Michel de Jesus De Oliveira , Silva Ariel Miranda , De Rezende Jackson Gomes
Published: August 2019

Este ensaio se debruça sobre a “lama” do fatídico rompimento da barragem em Brumadinho - MG, propondo a compreender o papel das igrejas cristãs atuantes na região do pós-rompimento, diante das emergentes questões ambientais e sociais, suscitadas em mídia nacional, a fim de responder inquietudes como se as igrejas podem atuar no além assistencialismo, lhes imprimindo um caráter também de instituição promotora de uma política de sustentabilidade ambiental e emancipação social. Por meio de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, corroborados por autores como Berríos (2007), Lucio Gera (2002), Nietzsche, Vattimo (2014), dentre outros e documentos como a Bíblia Sagrada, bem como a Declaração Universal dos Direitos Humanos, compreendemos que compete à Igreja cristã, além da implantação da fé, a promoção humana e desvelo social.