bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Métodos alternativos de ensino e aprendizagem de sustentabilidade: idealização e modelagem de um jogo de realidade virtual para o ensino do descarte correto de resíduos sólidos
Authors: Avancini Davi Breciani Demonier , Campos Andromeda Goretti de Menezes , Oliveira Danieli Soares de
Published: May 2023

A inserção da Educação Ambiental na grade curricular das instituições tem o intuito de formar indivíduos conscientes com relação ao meio ambiente do qual fazem parte, bem como aptos a resolver as questões ambientais atuais e futuras. Professores e educadores têm cada vez mais utilizado metodologias alternativas no processo de ensino-aprendizagem, ampliando o acesso aos conteúdos e despertando o interesse dos alunos. Diante dessa realidade, este trabalho teve como objetivo a idealização e a modelagem de um jogo, em realidade virtual, para o ensino e aprendizagem da temática da sustentabilidade, especialmente para a instrução acerca do descarte correto de resíduos sólidos. A metodologia deste trabalho baseou-se na idealização e desenvolvimento de jogos educacionais produzidos por meio de recursos tecnológicos da realidade virtual. A abordagem metodológica utilizada foi fundamentalmente qualitativa e, para o desenvolvimento do trabalho, foram realizadas etapas que contemplaram: pesquisa bibliográfica a respeito de educação ambiental, jogos educacionais, realidade virtual, ferramentas de modelagem e implementação; definição e estruturação do processo a ser tratado pelo jogo; desenvolvimento da lógica do jogo; e, por fim, modelagem conceitual do jogo. Até o momento foi obtida a primeira versão deste objeto de aprendizagem, que poderá ser utilizado por discentes, docentes, prestadores de serviço e quaisquer pessoas que se interessem pela temática sustentabilidade e resíduos sólidos. Dessa forma, o jogo proposto pode auxiliar o desenvolvimento de visão crítica na comunidade acadêmica e externa acerca de suas ações diante desse assunto, desenvolvendo seu raciocínio sustentável.
Impactos da implantação de fossas sépticas biodigestoras em comunidades rurais
Authors: Cristo Marina Schulz de , Henriques Juscelino Alves , Carvalho Darlan Clayton de
Published: May 2023

As fossas sépticas biodigestoras são uma tecnologia social desenvolvida pela Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA) por meio da interação com a comunidade, com o intuito de atender a população ao buscar solucionar os efeitos negativos causados pelo lançamento de dejetos em fossas rudimentares, cursos d’água ou diretamente no solo a céu aberto. No município de Aimorés/MG, tal tecnologia foi adotada pelo Programa Olhos d’Água, criado pela instituição Instituto Terra, e vem sendo utilizada pelos moradores das zonas rurais inseridos na bacia do Rio Capim. Nesse contexto, o estudo tem por objetivo avaliar os impactos da instalação das fossas sépticas biodigestoras na perspectiva dos proprietários que delas usufruem. Para isso, foram feitas coleta de dados na instituição responsável pela instalação das fossas e análise deles com a ferramenta online de formulários do Google Docs. Com isso, constatou-se que as fossas sépticas biodigestoras são uma alternativa com alto índice de aceitação pela população rural e viável do ponto de vista técnico e econômico, uma vez que apresenta baixa manutenção, fácil instalação e baixo custo.
Proposta de gerenciamento de resíduos de desastres: caso das chuvas intensas no Espírito Santo (Brasil), 2020
Authors: Bringhenti Jacqueline Rogéria , Rodrigues Maria Rosa , Zamprogno Dejanyne Paiva , Günther Wanda Maria Risso
Published: May 2023

Desastres hidrológicos possuem potencial de causar grandes danos materiais, econômicos, ambientais e, dependendo de sua intensidade, agravos humanos. Na ocorrência de desastres, o incremento da geração de resíduos sólidos demanda rápidas e apropriadas ações de gestão, fundamentais para a recuperação da área atingida, restabelecimento dos serviços básicos e manutenção da saúde pública. Este estudo visa contribuir para a geração de conhecimento sobre a temática dos resíduos de desastres, com base em evento crítico ocorrido no estado do Espírito Santo (Brasil) em janeiro de 2020. A escolha do tema deve-se à existência de uma lacuna de estudos sobre identificação e caracterização de resíduos de desastres e modelos locais de gestão. O método envolveu a seleção de municípios afetados, a elaboração e o envio de instrumento de coleta de dados sobre a tipologia dos resíduos gerados e os fluxos identificados, com destaque para a destinação. A análise dos dados resultou em proposta de ações de gerenciamento do desastre hidrológico estudado, com a finalidade de fornecer subsídios para a elaboração de diretrizes a serem incorporadas aos planos locais e regionais de gestão de resíduos sólidos. Conclui-se que os gestores públicos ainda consideram esses eventos esporádicos e não se preparam de forma adequada para o pósdesastre. Recomendam-se novos estudos sobre a temática.
A Arte como suporte da criatividade no design da moda contemporânea
Authors: Monteiro Ilda
Published: May 2023

Este trabalho de investigação remete para o tema da arte como suporte criativo, na área do design da moda contemporânea, cujo objetivo foi referenciar alguns acontecimentos da história da moda influenciados e inspirados pela arte, através de estudos realizados em que a arte reflete o momento, e o artista utiliza e constrói a sua própria história. A moda representa a atualidade e o retrato de várias culturas, enquanto a arte mostra a mensagem da moda através da descodificação do design e das cores de forma criativa e inovadora, gerando sentimentos e emoções no observador. Na era atual o consumidor valoriza produtos com valores exponencialmente estéticos, simbólicos e psicológicos que consequentemente propiciam o privilégio da experiência estética, considerando o estilista um criador reconhecido, com novas experiências e ideias que vão de encontro à satisfação do consumidor para o qual foram criadas.
paradoxo do Barco de Teseu
Authors: Lopes de Castro Isabel
Published: May 2023

Supõe-se que a identidade visual assume importância no desenvolvimento do projeto gráfico de livros impressos, sobretudo no caso das coleções e dos volumes, pela necessidade, a cada edição, de reconhecimento de pertença a um conjunto e também pela necessária diferenciação da edição anterior. 
No âmbito do presente estudo foram adotadas metodologias não intervencionistas e o estudo de caso de tipo exploratório. O estudo de caso consistiu numa componente de investigação ativa, com o desenvolvimento de um projeto gráfico de volumes.
O presente artigo apresenta o processo que conduziu à criação do projeto gráfico dos livros resultantes do projeto de investigação em pintura de José Quaresma A Pintura Contemporânea no Barco de Teseu tendo sido utilizado como método de pesquisa o estudo de caso único descritivo.
Op Art e o Design de Produto
Authors: Manaia João
Published: May 2023

Em outubro de 1964, o termo Op Art surge num artigo da revista Time que descreve um novo estilo de arte, gerador de ilusões óticas. A Arte Ótica ou Op Art é caracterizada por padrões geométricos e distorções que provocam no espetador respostas percetivas e dinâmicas, originando ilusões óticas, sensações de movimento ou cintilações que acabam por envolver o próprio corpo que sente e responde aos estímulos. Em meados da década de 1960 a popularidade da Op Art difunde-se em muitos objetos da vida quotidiana, influenciando o design de produto. No presente artigo, a Op Art é contextualizada, são descritos e analisados os principais efeitos óticos da Op Art utilizados pelos designers de produto, com recurso a exemplos visuais. Estes incluem: o padrão moiré, imagens residuais, rede de Hermann e distorções espaciais.
CONCEPTS AND VIEWS OF INDIVIDUALS ON WAKALAH ZAKAT IMPLEMENTATION
Authors: NOR PAIZIN MUHSIN , Abd Aziz Abdul Rahim
Published: May 2023

Wakalah Zakat is a policy of zakat money refunds administered by zakat collection centres known as Pusat Pungutan Zakat (PPZ) to entities that pay zakat to PPZ. The purpose of this research is to examine the wakalah zakat concept and its implementation; to examine the problems faced by individuals who engage in this programme; and to make recommendations on how zakat institutions can improve the programme in order to accomplish the primary goal. A quantitative approach was utilised to target a subset of the people served by the programme. The following recommendations are based on the evaluation of findings and considerations: (1) diversify resources for digital transformation and to stay current with technology by creating an online platform and leveraging blockchain technology; (2) adopt a motivational model by eliminating re-application each year and rewarding participants with occasional gifts and prizes; and (3) invest more resources in public awareness and stakeholder building.
REGULATING HALAL LAWS IN ERADICATING HALAL ISSUES
Authors: Abdul Halim Anis Husna , Mohd Asymir Wong Mohd Syukri , Hashim Khairul Effendi
Published: May 2023

Halal Industry currently has become the fastest-growing business all over the world. The trend among consumers is choosing halal as their main product because it brings a huge benefit to their lifestyle. Despite the undeniable growth of the Halal Industry, the constant halal issues that are arising in the halal market are worrying because it can give a negative impact on the halal industry. To eradicate the halal issues, Malaysia developed halal laws as a mechanism for protecting the consumer and ensuring all halal activities are conducted accordance in with the manner by following acts, laws, regulations, and standards. The objective of this study is to examine the implementation of halal laws in eradicating halal issues. Through a legal research method, this paper analyses the provision of related laws that govern all matters relevant to halal. The laws are consisting of Trade Description Act 2011, Food Act 1983, Food Hygiene Regulations 2009, Local Government Act 1976, Consumer Protection Act 1999, and Custom Act 1967. The result of this study is important to understand the legislation and consequences of halal laws in eradicating halal issues.
TOWARDS AN INTERPRETATION OF CRYPTOCURRENCY AS A COMMODITY FROM MAQASID AL-SHARI’AH PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Akbar Dr. Mohamed Aslam
Published: May 2023

From days of simple barter to the age of digital entries, the evolution of money is proof of a human sense of resourcefulness. Besides the universal acceptance of money as wealth, conventionally it is regarded as a commodity and according to Islamic jurisprudence, though money is used as a medium of exchange and store of value, it cannot be sold at a price higher than its face value or rented out. There has recently been increasing work on the position of commodity money and fiat money in the context of Islamic finance theories and commodity markets. Whereas traditional fiat currency plays a vital role in the socio-economy, digital or cryptocurrency starts to persuade the world economy under the ledger technology. Unlike fiat money, the cryptocurrency spectrum today, under its extreme configuration, intends to offer remarkable opportunities. The conventional works that have provided several studies on the impacts of cryptocurrency in the financial services industry and commodity markets, proportionate to the analysis of the classification of wealth pertaining to digital currencies in order to review the relationship between crypto-token and crypto-commodity. There have been few responses from the Islamic perspective, but not particularly in the light of Maqāsid. Therefore, the paper explores the nature of wealth and the principles involved in the acquisition and protection, and classification of wealth according to Maqāsid al-Shari’ah. With particular reference to a treatise of Maqāsid, the paper investigates five simultaneous characteristics and objectives of wealth deliberated by Ibn Ashur (2001). The last part of the paper analyzes the relationship between the five characteristics of wealth and the cryptocurrency ecosystem, such as tokens, initial coin offerings (ICOs), and cryptocurrency derivatives, to review the research opportunities to propose a more comprehensively sound study in the Maqasid framework.
What Factors Delay Interatrial Communications Closure in the Oval Fossa?
Authors: Lee Sun Hyang , Seo Min Kyu , Park Ga Young , Kim Sung Shin
Published: May 2023

Purpose: In most neonatal intensive care units, echocardiography is performed at the bedside. The lack of closure of interatrial communications (IACs) in the oval fossa can affect mortality and morbidity. This study aimed to establish the rate of spontaneous closure of IACs diagnosed in the neonatal period and predict the need for subsequent evaluation according to various factors, including defect size and shape.Methods: The study group comprised 1,242 newborns admitted between March 2017 and December 2020. We judged the closure of the IACs and evaluated the risk factors of each. Patients were classified into the absence or presence of IACs. The morphology of the IACs was classified into atrial septal defects, patent foramen ovale, and multiple holes.Results: A total of 317 patients (131 female, 186 male) were enrolled in the study, and the average defect size was 3.0±1.0 mm. An overall spontaneous closure rate of 89.9% was observed during an average follow-up interval of 5.1±1.1 months. When multiple Cox regression analyses were performed to analyze the risk factors for spontaneous closure, initial defect size was a significant factor. The optimal cut-off value for predicting spontaneous closure of the IAC was 3.05 mm, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.625 (95% confidence interval, 0.520 to 0.729). Preterm infants had a larger defect size corrected for birth weight and a higher closure rate than term infants.Conclusion: Other than large defect size, no factors delayed spontaneous closure. When defects in the oval fossa measure ≤3 mm, most patients experience spontaneous closure by 7 months of age.
Association of Moderate Hypothermia at Admission with Short-Term and Long-Term Outcomes in Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants
Authors: Kim Soo Hyun , Hwang Ji Hye , Jeong Jiyoon , Lee Jeong Min , Lee Ha Na , Park Sung Hyeon , Lee Byong Sop , Jung Euiseok
Published: May 2023

Purpose: Extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants exhibit immature thermoregulation and are easily exposed to hypothermia. We investigated the association between hypothermia on admission with short- and long-term outcomes.Methods: Medical records of ELBW infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of a tertiary medical center between June 2012 and February 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Upon admission, the axillary body temperature was measured. Moderate hypothermia was defined as admission temperature below 36 ℃.Results: A total of 208 infants with gestational age of 26.4±2.3 weeks and birth weight of 746.7±154.9 g were included. Admission temperature ranged from 33.5 to 36.8 ℃ (median 36.1 ℃). Univariate analyses of maternal and infant characteristics were performed for moderately hypothermic and control (normothermic to mildly hypothermic) infants. Lower gestational age, lower birth weight, and vaginal delivery correlated with moderate hypothermia. Logistic regression analyses adjusted for confounders revealed that the incidence of hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA) was associated with moderate hypothermia in ELBW infants. Moreover, abnormal mental developmental index scores on the Bayley Scales of Infant Development II at a corrected age of 18 to 24 months were associated with moderate hypothermia, but not with the psychomotor developmental index, incidence of blindness, deafness, or cerebral palsy.Conclusion: Moderate hypothermia at admission is not only correlated with short-term neonatal morbidities such as hsPDA, but may also be associated with long-term neurodevelopmental impairment in ELBW infants. Future large-scale studies are required to clarify the long-term consequences of hypothermia upon admission.
Effects of Recombinant Human Erythropoietin Administration in Premature Infants with Severe Intraventricular Hemorrhage: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Lee Ha Na , Lee Jeong Min , Kim Soo Hyun , Park Sung Hyeon , Jeong Jiyoon , Jung Euiseok , Lee Byong Sop
Published: May 2023

Purpose: We investigated the effects of early postnatal administration of erythropoietin (EPO) on neurodevelopmental outcomes and morbidities in preterm infants with severe grades of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH).Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of preterm infants of gestational age 23+0 weeks to 31+6 weeks, who were diagnosed with severe grades of IVH and received EPO over at least 2 weeks. We compared clinical characteristics, major complications, and neurodevelopmental impairment between the two groups. The primary outcome was severe neurodevelopmental impairment at 18 to 26 months of corrected age. Severe neurodevelopmental impairment was defined as a mental developmental index or psychomotor developmental index of <70 on the Bayley Scales of Infant Development II or diagnosis of cerebral palsy.Results: The study included 33 preterm infants (mean gestational age 25.2±1.6 weeks and mean birth weight 775.1±224.5 g). EPO was administered at a dose of 400 or 1,000 IU/kg thrice weekly and was maintained over a mean period of 58.6± 25.9 days beginning from 10.7±6.9 days after birth. We observed no difference in perinatal characteristics between the EPO (n=14) and the control group (n=19). Similarly, severe neurodevelopmental impairment rates did not differ between the EPO (85.7%) and control groups (78.9%). The incidence of neonatal morbidities including bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis, and retinopathy of prematurity was also similar between the EPO and control groups.Conclusion: Early administration of EPO did not reduce the risk of severe neurodevelopmental impairment in preterm infants with severe IVH.
A Neonate Diagnosed with Megalencephaly-Capillary Malformation-Polymicrogyria Syndrome with PIK3CA Mutation
Authors: Park Young Mi , Kim Yoon-Myung , Oh Seong Hee , Jin Hyun-Seung
Published: May 2023

Megalencephaly-capillary malformation-polymicrogyria syndrome (MCAP) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by megalencephaly, polymicrogyria, body overgrowth, and cutaneous capillary malformations. It has been reported recently that MCAP is related to a somatic mosaic mutation in the phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) gene. We report a case of hemimegalencephaly with polymicrogyria and cutaneous capillary malformations diagnosed by genetic evaluation of MCAP in the neonatal period. The PIK3CA mutation [c.1635G>T (p. Glu545Asp)] was determined by Sanger sequencing. The patient was treated with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt for progressive hydrocephalus. Because of the dynamic, progressive clinical manifestations and tumor-prone traits of MCAP, early diagnosis is important. Moreover, since the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-specific inhibitor, a targeted therapy for the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway is emerging as a new therapy, early genetic diagnosis is becoming increasingly important.
Governance Implications of Applying Internal Auditing Standards to Blockchain-based Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs)
Authors: Lončarević Miloš , Kozina Goran
Published: May 2023

The research paper discusses governance implications, benefits, and challenges of applying internationally recognized internal auditing standards to the newly emerging Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs) that have quickly gained traction in the past years and are currently totaling market capitalizations of more than USD 20 billion globally. It is analyzed how standards established for traditional centralized organizations are compatible with a decentralized, often anonymous organization that makes decisions democratically based on majority votes while most operations are conducted autonomously subject to pre-defined self-executing smart contracts. After the technological attributes of blockchains, smart contracts, DAOs and other general considerations are determined, each IIA standard is applied separately and results are drawn from a qualitative analysis. The publication contains the major conclusions from a literature analysis followed by a summary of conceptual obstacles to complying with the standards in case of selecting a DAO as an organizational form which could make their overall legality impossible in a context where the implementation of an IA function is mandatory. Additionally, it is summarized how choosing a DAO can contribute and/or challenge compliance with the standards while giving a glimpse into what internal auditing could look like in the future.
OPTIMALISASI PERSIAPAN CAR DECK PADA KAPAL KM. KUMALA
Authors: Juniarti Mardhiah , Haryanto Dwi
Published: May 2023

Optimalisasi adalah suatu proses melaksanakan program yang telah direncanakan dengan terencana guna mencapai tujuan sehingga dapat meningkatkan kinerja secara optimal. Kapal Ro-Ro mengangkut muatan yang berjenis kendaraan bermotor dan sejumlah penumpang dalam badan kapal. Dikarenakan memuat muatan yang berlainan jenis akan menimbulkan resiko korban jiwa dan kerusakan pada kendaraan bermotor. Sebagai contoh. Bahaya yang serius seperti penumpang terjepit, terlindas atau tertimpa muatan dari truck. Selain itu tumpahan minyak pelumas mesin pada kendaraan bermotor juga memiliki potensi menjadi penyebab terlukanya penumpang atau ABK karena tergelincir minyak. Kegiatan pemuatan kapal harus mempersiapkan kondisi ruang muat yang sesuai dengan muatan yang akan dimuat, untuk mengetahui bagaimana proses persiapan bongkar muat dan kendala apa yang dihadapi oleh kru kapal ketika pelaksanaan bongkar muat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui fakta persiapan ruang muat dalam memuat muatan yang berlainan jenis. Hasil penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa persiapan ruang muat di atas KM. Kumala kurang optimal karena pada saat proses cleaning berbenturan dengan jadwal beroperasi kapal sehingga pada saat proses pengeringan lantai kapal menjadi kurang optimal dan dapat mengakibatkan bahaya tergelincir bagi awak kapal maupun penumpang.
PENINGKATKAN PERAWATAN SEKOCI PADA KMP. KIRANA II SESUAI DENGAN SOLAS
Authors: Rachmi Nurlaili , Kendek Meti
Published: May 2023

Keadaan darurat di atas kapal dapat berupa kebakaran, tenggelamnya kapal, kapal kandas, dan masih banyak lagi. Guna mengantisipasi adanya korban jiwa selain kecepatan dan ketepatan evakuasi, alat-alat keselamatan seperti sekoci penolong harus dipastikan dalam keadaan baik dan siap sehingga apa bila sewaktu-waktu terjadi keadaan baik dan siap sehingga apabila sewaktu-waktu terjadi keadaan darurat yang mengharuskan crew untuk meninggalkan kapal, sekoci penolong dapat langsung digunakan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan perawatan sekoci di atas kapal apakah sudah sesuai dengan prosedur yang ada. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di KMP. Kirana II selama bulan September 2021 - Juni 2022. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif. Penulis menggunakan teknik observasi yaitu dengan cara mengamati, meninjau dan menganalisa obyek atau permasalahan yang diteliti langsung serta melakukan wawancara dengan narasumber terkait. Hasil dari penelitian ini menemukan bahwa ada beberapa faktor penyebab sekoci tidak berfungsi dengan maksimal yaitu kurangnya perawatan sekoci sesuai standar oleh anak buah kapal. Upaya yang dilakukan oleh anak buah kapal untuk meningkatkan perawatan sekoci di atas kapal sesuai dengan Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) dengan mentaati segala peraturan yang sudah tertulis di standar tanpa ada yang terlewat dengan alasan apapun.
Pine root exploration of standing dead tree trunks: a short-cut biocycling process
Authors: CONSALTER Rangel , MOTTA Antonio C. V. , BARBOSA Julierme Z. , VEZZANI Fabiane M. , RUBILAR Rafael A. , PRIOR Stephen A. , BASSACO Marcos V. M.
Published: May 2023

Aim of study: To characterize the colonization of Pinus herrerae roots in trunks of dead standing trees and to evaluate the composition of roots and decomposing tissues of standing dead trees.
Area of study. Jaguariaíva, Paraná state, Southern Brazil.
Material and methods: This study evaluated root attributes in the soil, litter, and trunks of dead standing trees and the composition of wood and bark of trees. Root traits (length, mass mycorrhizal colonization, and mean nutrient concentrations), soil and organic layers, and mean nutrient concentrations of wood and bark for were analyzed by non-parametric test.
Main results: Approximately 2 to 3.5 years after tree death, roots of adjacent trees in F and H horizon litter migrate into the wood/bark interface. Eight and a half years after tree death, roots of adjacent trees reached up to 3.3 m above the litter surface. At the wood/bark interface, a root mantle formed (length greater than 1 km m-2) with ~5% ectomycorrhizal colonization. Root presence in the wood/bark interface reduced P, K, and Fe concentration of dead wood and Zn concentration in bark.
Research highlights: Our results indicate that roots of P. herrerae are capable of colonizing dead tree trunks as a nutrient resource pool. This nutrient acquisition mechanism may function as a shortcut in the biogeochemical cycling of nutrients in forest systems.
Structural and Research Advances in CAR-T Cell Therapy
Authors: Lu Xia
Published: May 2023

The treatment of a variety of recurrent or resistant hematologic malignancies with chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR- T) cell therapy has seen significant success in recent years. The current CAR- T cell therapy approach is not without flaws, nevertheless, and there are still several issues with clinical treatment, including antigen escape, significant toxicity, and sus-ceptibility to drug-resistant recurrence. This paper introduces the structural development and characteristics of CAR-T cells, reviews the limitations of CAR- T cell therapy, including an-tigen escape, toxicity, CAR-T cell depletion and drug-resistant relapse after treatment, and summarizes the related improvement and optimization strategies. The paper concludes that CAR-T cell immunotherapy has brought new hope to patients with hematologic malignancies, making a cure for refractory and recurrent hematologic malignancies possible. Although CAR-T cell therapy still has many challenges at present, such as immunogenicity, drug re-sistance, and toxicity.
Analysis of The Effects of Artificial Sweeteners on Diabetes and Obesity
Authors: Han Yitong
Published: May 2023

With the gradual expansion of the population of diabetes and obesity, type II diabetes is more common in obese patients, and the most worrying is the increasing number of type II diabetes among adolescents and young adults. People have had to look for ways to stop or delay the onset of diabetes, and artificial sweeteners, which cause good sweetness properties and high safety without the associated high-calorie content of sugar, are widely used in the food sector as the main way to address high sugar food intake. However, despite the very widespread use of artificial sweeteners, obesity and diabetes have not been reduced as expected, and even their numbers continue to increase rapidly. In recent years, with more in-depth research on artificial sweeteners, it is gradually found that artificial sweeteners have many adverse effects on diabetes and obesity. This article describes consumers in more detail from different perspectives on the effects of artificial sweeteners and concludes that artificial sweeteners do affect insulin resistance and gut microbes, which are detrimental to diabetics and obese people. However, whether all artificial sweeteners have a significant adverse effect on the human body needs to be further investigated.
Effects of Dietary Fibre on People with Constipation
Authors: Zhou Jiayi
Published: May 2023

Constipation is common in modern society and affects people's quality of life. The symptoms of constipation vary from person to person. The frequency of bowel movements, the state of the bowel movement and the shape of the stool are some symptoms that determine whether a person is constipated. Constipation is classified as either primary or secondary constipation. Fibre is a compound of plant origin classified as soluble or insoluble fibre. Its function is to maintain a healthy digestive system, with insoluble fibre increasing bowel movements and faecal output to relieve constipation. Dietary fibre is the fibre that people obtain through eating. The prevalence varies from age group to age, as well as dietary fibre intake. In childhood, consuming "age + 5g" of dietary fibre is recommended. According to studies, adding a certain amount of dietary fibre can help children improve the symptoms of chronic constipation. In the adult population, the number of recommendations varies from country to country, and women are more likely than men to suffer from chronic constipation. According to studies, dietary fibre intake can improve the symptoms of constipation in adult patients. However, some patients with unique constipation need to reduce dietary fibre intake to relieve the symptoms of constipation. For the elderly, the prevalence is higher, and 20-25g is a more suitable nutritional fibre intake. And increasing dietary fibre intake can positively impact elderly patients with constipation.
Biosensors Based on Gold Nano-Clusters
Authors: Chen Yuheng
Published: May 2023

The world is entering an era of strong infectious diseases, and it is urgent to develop a new type of rapid, efficient detection system. This graph specifically illustrates the detection function of the gold nanoparticles, and the gold nanoparticles-based sensor. Gold-based nanoclusters (NCs) which has a small particle size, has a high degree of stability and no impact on the biological activity. Gold-based NCs has a surface plasma resonance effect and produces visible color, which can be detected by observing the color change using the agglomeration reaction of the detected substance with Gold-based NCs. In order to specifically detect certain biomolecules, some functional groups or small DNA molecular chains of nanolodin are usually modified on it to have a selective detection capability. In the review, we introduce a total of four nano-gold applications, for bacteria, viruses, DNA and cancer, also, respectively elaborating some recent Gold-based NCs detection applications.
Modified Nanoparticles for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Ma Xinyue
Published: May 2023

Stroke is a disease that will affect both physical health and mental health of people. Scientists are developing different methods to detect and cure this disease. Nanotechnology has achieved successful results in diagnosis as well as treatment of ischemic stroke. Stroke will cause blood-brain barrier dysfunction which provides chances for detection and treatment to process. Researchers have developed and evaluated a variety of nanoparticles in vivo or in vitro, including gold nanoparticles, perfluorocarbon nanoparticles, PLGA nanoparticles and iron oxide nanoparticles. These nanoparticles are being modified and achieve good results in diagnosis including magnetic resonance imaging, microwave imaging and fluorescence imaging, and treatment including thrombolysis and stem cell transplantation. Nanotechnology has several benefits such as tiny size and ease to modified which will fasten future development in stroke detection and treatment. This review paper will outline several different modification methods of various nanoparticles in laboratory.
Statistical relation between physical inactivity percent and heart disease mortality
Authors: Lin Fanzhi , Tang Junjie , Yang Yemin
Published: May 2023

Today, cardiovascular disease is among the leading causes of mortality. On average, someone dies of cardiovascular disease every 36.1 seconds in the United States. According to 2019 statistics, 2,396 people die from cardiovascular disease per day. Analysis of the influencing variables of heart disease mortality can effectively advise people's living habits, prevent the occurrence of heart disease, and lower the risk of disease. This paper analysis the risk factors for heart attack at the county level in the United States. Influencing factors included adult obesity rate, adult smoking rate, diabetes rate, low birthweight rate, excessive drinking rate and physical inactivity rate. Through data pre-processing, descriptive statistical analysis, data visualization and linear regression analysis, a simple linear regression equation between physical inactivity rate and heart disease mortality was finally obtained. It has a slope of 0.7266, an intercept of 0.0767, and the R-squared of linear regression model is 0.539. It is confirmed that physical inactivity rate and heart disease mortality have a strong positive linear relationship.
Effects of climate change on butterfly species
Authors: Zhang Ziyu
Published: May 2023

In recent decades, climatic change has grown to one of the most concerned problems in the society. Species across the globe have been responding to climate change. In this article, butterflies responses across the globe towards climate change are mainly focused on. But-terflies are sensitive to climate change due to their species interaction, high mobility and links with specific habitat conditions. They also have a wide distribution, covering all con-tinents but Antarctica. Climate change impacts biodiversity and affect butterflies various behaviors. This article has discussed butterflies organismal responses, range shifts, altera-tions of phenology behaviors and species interaction. After analyzing studied data, it is shown that climate change has led the genetic revolution of certain mountain butterfly spe-cies to extinction. Warming climate has increased voltinism in European butterflies and has created mismatches in trophic interaction via driving mountain butterflies towards the summits. It is also studied in the article that warming night temperatures effect oviposition and life span of Finnish Glanville fritillary butterflies. The effect of disturbed El Nino/La Nina frequency due to climate change on tropic butterfly abundance has also been men-tioned. Climate change has also affected monarch migration and population via shifting host plant distributions. By diving deep into the specific response butterflies have towards climate change, a more developed view on the effects of climate change could be gained. This is aimed for finding solutions to better preserve biodiversity.
Comparison between chemical and mechanical ways of removing thrombus in vivo micro robot
Authors: Li Yixuan
Published: May 2023

The application of micro-robot in precision medicine is increasing in recent years. Since the particularity of the location of thrombus diseases, it is difficult to remove thrombus by operation, and it may cause some harm to the implementers of the operation. As the size of micro-robots in the body continues to shrink and the accuracy of operation continues to improve, they are expected to reduce the harm of thrombotic diseases to patients and reduce the possible impact by removing thrombus. In this review, we will mainly compare the principle, manufacturing and driving data of two kinds of in vivo micro-robots that remove thrombus chemically or mechanically, and analyze their time and effect of removing thrombus. Several typical in vivo micro-robots used to remove thrombus are discussed and analyzed. Some of their advantages and disadvantages are demonstrated, and the future development direction of in vivo micro-robots for removing thrombus is prospected and some suggestions are put forward.
Review on powered exoskeletons perception of human motion intentions
Authors: Cheng Ziji
Published: May 2023

Powered exoskeletons are movable machines that are worn on users and detect and respond to their movements. They improve users' abilities, such as strength or speed, by using electric motors, hydraulic systems, etc. Increasingly powerful exoskeletons are being developed, with applications in military, medical, manufacturing, and a variety of other fields. Powered exoskeletons predict human action intentions using a variety of control methods. This paper focuses primarily on the control method of sEMG (surface electromyography) signals, with the goal of reviewing these control strategies used by various powered exoskeletons. The paper concludes from the research that the powered exoskeleton's perception accuracy for the user's motion intention determines its work efficiency and the user's experience. Powered exoskeletons controlled by surface electromyography signals now hold great promise because they can be used for not only general power-assisted exoskeletons, but also for medical rehabilitation.
Amyloid- Signal Transduction Antagonist, A Possible Way to Relief Alzheimers Disease
Authors: He Zhengzhe
Published: May 2023

As a well-known common neurodegenerative disease in aging, Alzheimers disease will cause the loss of the ability to talk, cognization and memorize. Amyloid beta is considered to be a major cause of Alzheimers disease. It will form many different types and accumulate in human brain and cause Alzheimers disease. However, a recent report about the plagiarism of the fundamental paper of this theory makes many people think that our research direction on Alzheimers disease is wrong. The author agrees that the plagiarism of the paper is terrible and should be punished, but the author does not think that this will waste everything we have done about amyloid beta. Amyloid beta is still a major reason that causes Alzheimers disease and find a way to stop the accumulation of amyloid beta in brain is a feasible way to cure Alzheimers disease. Research on the role of amyloid beta in Alzheimers disease, whether it is a major cause is the major purpose of the essay. Whats more a new method that aim to reduce amyloid beta in brain to cure and relief Alzheimers disease will be introduced in this article. This method aims to stop the signal transduction of amyloid beta to neuron cells, thus, stop amyloid beta from damaging our brain and cause Alzheimers disease. The reason this article is written is to confirm the importance of amyloid beta for Alzheimers disease. In addition, introduce a new cure method. Since this method is new, conclude the advantages and disadvantages of this method could inspire other researchers, and improve the performance of the drugs developed based on this method to reach the final goal, which is cure the Alzheimers disease.
The Comparison Between Autism and ADHD: Diagnosis and Clinical Treatment
Authors: Bao Xuanqi
Published: May 2023

Autism refers to a developmental disorder that affects social contact; attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is manifested as the disability of attention with hyperactivity, which interferes with function or brain development. Currently, the prevalence of both diseases showed an upward trend. Therefore, the importance of finding the correct diagnosis and improving effective treatment is becoming more and more urgent. For children suspected of autism and ADHD, choosing the correct diagnosis method can not only help clarify the symptoms and formulate effective treatment plans, but also reduce the pain and family economic burden caused by the children's own symptoms, and avoid the risk of misdiagnosis. At the same time, autism and ADHD should receive the timely and effective intervention. The paper here aims at introducing and comparing the diagnostic methods and treatment methods for the two diseases according to their commonalities and differences.
Gene-Editing Technology in Lung Cancer: Models and Therapies
Authors: Zhu Linghe
Published: May 2023

Cancer is a disease that develops when the body's cells expand unchecked. Lung cancer is a general term for cancer that first appears in the lungs. The most common cancer that is lethal is lung cancer. Lung cancer is the commonly diagnosed cancer diagnosed between both female and male in the US, only behind certain forms of skin cancer. Lung cancer is most often caused by smoking. Additionally, smoking other tobacco products (including pipes or cigars), breathing secondhand smoke, being linked to radon or radon at work or home, and lung cancer risk may be increased by having a history of the disease in your family. Furthermore, new developments in genome editing technology have dramatically increased the possibility of curing cancer at its origin. This article discusses potential gene editing methods for treating lung cancer and systematically identifies the locations of common gene changes in the condition.
Present situation on the causes and treatments of tourette syndrome
Authors: Ma Qianluo
Published: May 2023

Tourette Syndrome (TS), a neurological disorder classified as the most complex form of tic disorder in the DSM-5, has remained a prominent concern for the adolescent population. Owing to its complexity and the unknowability of its physiology, it currently has no cure. Through the review of two family studies, two twin studies, one Genome-Wide Association Study, and two other reviews, firm evidence for additive genetic influences and non-shared environmental influences was found, suggesting TSs high heritability. Specific genetic factor (SNP-rs2504235), environmental (pre-and peri-natal) factors, and the interaction between these factors were evident from the studies as well. Through the analysis of these findings, one coping strategy was emphasized over the two existing classes, pharmacological and non-pharmacological, of typical treatments: preventative approaches under the assistance of advanced technology like genetic testing. The inability of the now available treatments to cure TS and their respective side effects cause them to be less desirable than prevention as early actions were shown to be effective in hindering the disorders deterioration and persistence.
The Conservation of Endemic Species--Take Galapagos Penguins as an Example
Authors: Yan Jiayu
Published: May 2023

Endemic species refers to the species that are distributes only in a certain region of the world. Galapagos penguins, well-known as one of the smallest penguins in size, can be used as a typical example of endemic species. Since the extinction of endemic species in one place may lead to the extinction of the whole population of the species, endemic species may need some special attentions from the public. Unfortunately, Galapagos penguins, as a kind of endemic species, after being severely affected by ENSO event and human activities such as bycatch, is at the brink of extinction at the moment. Given that climate change is making ENSO even more frequently in the future, it is highly possible that without further intervention, the species of Galapagos penguins will be lost forever.
Time-series and Machine Learning Scenarios for COVID-19 Infection Prediction
Authors: Du Yuze , Huang Zixuan , Shi Donglizhen
Published: May 2023

COVID-19 is an infectious respiratory disease spread around the world. In past three years, more than 600 million people had been impacted and many countries healthcare system is taking a huge hit. The economy is affected by many epidemic policies such as quarantine policy, social distance, etc. Many scientists use different mathematical models to forecast trend of the confirmed cases quantity of epidemics. This article topic is mainly about the comparisons of different models for COVID-19 predictions. This paper focuses the different method based on COVID-19 infection prediction. We show the different methods experiment results by many metrics but not under same datasets. Many methods are proposed, but few people discuss the time properties and interpretability of model. To be specific, this paper selects ARIMA, SVM and LSTM as target to offer the comparison between the model. By studying and analyzing the accuracy of different models for predicting COVID-19, we can find better models for predicting COVID-19 development. Eventually, we can find more suitable methods to control the development of COVID-19. These results shed light on guiding further exploration of models selection for COVID-19 infection prediction
A Drug for Alzheimer's Disease: Aducanumab
Authors: Zhao Kai
Published: May 2023

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a problem that has plagued humans for a long time. About 24.3 million people have Alzheimer's disease in the world, and the number is growing at a rate of 4.6 million new patients each year. The prevalence of AD increases with age. As a result, the issue of AD has become increasingly negative in recent years. The purpose of the paper is to examine whether the marketed aducanumab is useful in the treatment of AD and to compare it with several other drugs commonly used to treat AD. This paper will discuss the effectiveness and adverse effects of common medications for AD treatment and why aducanumab has not been effective in treating AD and how to improve the effectiveness of aducanumab for AD patients in the future. In addition, this paper will analyze whether aducanumab is marketed because of commercial considerations or because the drug itself was fully compliant with FDA requirements
Research on Sports Injuries in Competitive Aerobics
Authors: Xiao Yanyun
Published: May 2023

As a branch of gymnastics, competitive aerobic gymnastics has not received the same attention as artistic gymnastics, rhythmic gymnastics, trampoline and acrobatic gymnastics. So, although aerobic gymnasts also face a variety of sports injuries, relatively little research has been done on them. This study searched relevant literature from two electronic databases (SPORTDiscus and PubMed) to integrate and analyze information related to sports injuries and treatment options for aerobic gymnasts. The study found that aerobic gymnasts suffered injuries mainly in the back, wrists and shoulders. There have been relatively comprehensive conservative and surgical treatment plans for the wrist and shoulder, among which the conservative plan for the wrist is mainly splinting or plaster fixation, and the conservative treatment of the shoulder injuries is rehabilitation training. There is no consensus on the most effective treatment for back injuries caused by isthmus. This study hopes to draw the public's attention to aerobic competitive gymnastics.
Technologies in Gene Therapy
Authors: Jiang Keren
Published: May 2023

After the imagine of gene therapy been propose in 1967. and the successful case for the exogenous gene introduced into the mice. Thats when scientists starting the experiment of gene therapy. This review focus on the history of gene therapy, and two important technology about the gene therapy: CRISPR/Cas9 and RNA inference. Talking the theory of them, also compared with the traditional treatment and gene therapy to the same disease. And have a discussion of the status and the application prospect of the gene therapy
High-Altitude Avian Migration across the Himalayas: Challenges, Fly Strategy and Physiological Adaptation
Authors: Qiu Zixin
Published: May 2023

Migrants that fly across the Himalayas, one of the highest geographical blocks in the world, must overcome severe challenges of the extreme high-altitude environment. Supported by evolved specifically adapted physiological performance, migrants such as geese, ducks, shorebirds, cranes, raptors, passerines, take diverse strategies, which is a balance of complex factors, as a result of evolution. This review draws an overall picture of high-altitude avian migration specifying findings in: fly strategies including routes, heights, stopovers, wind use patterns; physiological adaptions including special hypoxia tolerance of birds and unique adaptions of high-altitude migrators; evolution explanations; threats including impact caused by climate change on wetland and phenological mismatch; conservation. Enhanced unclarified questions on: avoid-barrier strategies; wind use patterns; predation pressure; phenomenon of lowland species flying at high altitudes; and most importantly, climate change and conservation. This study on avian high-altitude migration provides a relatively comprehensive summary of relevant findings, helps to understand the complex behaviors of migrants, and arranged various prospects for future studies