bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genealogical lines in the Orlov Trotter breed horses of the Ukrainian part of the population
Authors:   Institute of Animal Science NAAS, 1A Tvarynnykiv str., Kharkiv, 61026, Ukraine, Tkachova I. V. , Frolova A. A. ,   State enterprise “Agency of animal identification and registration”, 15 Simyi Hohlovih str., office 406, Kyiv, 04119, Ukraine
Published: February 2022

The article presents the results of the genealogical analysis of Ukrainian population of horses Orlov’s Trotter breed. The total number of the breed at the time of the survey was 653 horses, including 267 mares. The largest number of horses is in Zaporizhzhya stud no. 86 (29.6% mares). Analysis of the genealogical structure of the breed’s reproductive composition showed the advantage of stallions of three lines: Barchuk (branch of the Zapad, 28.1%), Pilot (18.8%), and Voin (15.6%). The mother composition mainly refers to the lines of Barchuk (branch of the Zapad, 30.7%), Pion (22.1%), Pilot (15.7%). The breeding stock of the Dibrivka stud is represented mainly by mares of the Pion line (41.2%), the Zaporozhsky stud — Barchuk line (a branch of the Zapad, 29.1%), Ispolnitielnyi (22.8%), and Pion (20.3%). In Lymarivka stud, most mares belong to the lines of Barchuk (branch of the Zapad, 35.5%), Pilot, Pion (25.8% each). Lozova stud is equipped with mares mainly of the Barchuk line (branch of the Zapad, 38.2%), Pilot (23.5%) and Veter (20.6%). The largest breeding reproducer of the “Komyshanske” private agrarian enterprise is equipped mainly with mares of the Barchuk line (branch of the Zapad, 51.2%), Pion (22.0%) and Pilot (17.1%). Analysis of the Ukrainian part of the Orlov Trotter breed population genealogical lines showed that in the presence of breeding and repair stallions, the greatest development was received by the Barchuk genealogical line, from which a new, more branched branch of the Zapad is separated, which 28.1% of stallions and 30.7% of mares belong to. The breeding core of this genealogical line is concentrated in all stud farms for breeding the Orlov Trotter breed (basic farms), as well as in breeding reproducers and individual horse owners. Thus, there is a prerequisite for testing the genealogical line of the West in the Ukrainian part of the population of the Orlov Trotter horse breed.
Biochemical markers of the functional state of liver in blood serum of rats consuming glyphosate-resistant genetically modified soybean and herbicide “Roundup”
Authors:   Institute of Postgraduate Pedagogical Education of Chernivtsi region, 20 Ivana Franka str., Chernivtsi, 58002, Ukraine, Chorna I. V. , Dronic G. V. ,   Bukovynian State Agricultural Research Station, Institute of Agriculture of Carpathian Region NAAS, 21 Bohdana Kryzhanivskoho str., Chernivtsi, 58025, Ukraine, tel. (+38 0372) 52-92-20, Kulish V. I. ,   Bukovynian State Agricultural Research Station, Institute of Agriculture of Carpathian Region NAAS, 21 Bohdana Kryzhanivskoho str., Chernivtsi, 58025, Ukraine, tel. (+38 0372) 52-92-20
Published: February 2022

Тhe effect of glyphosate-resistant genetically modified soybean and herbicide “Roundup” on the enzymatic activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT), and on the content of middle mass molecules in rat serum has been investigated. The studies were made on the Wistar rats divided into five groups: 1st group — intact; 2nd group — 25% of rat’s ration was replaced by traditional soybean; 3rd group — the rats received feed containing genetically modified soybean not treated with the herbicide “Roundup”; 4th group — the rats received feed containing genetically modified soybean treated with the herbicide; 5th group — the rats received the herbicide “Roundup” with drinking water. After 42 days females of all groups were mated and continued to receive the same diet and herbicide with drinking water. In 22–24 days the next generation of rats was born. In the first and second generation of rats fed with the herbicide “Roundup” and transgenic soybean treated with this herbicide, the hyperenzymemia of ALT, AST and GGT in compared with control group was observed. At the same time, De Ritis Ratio wass reduced to values of 0.8 and 0.7 for the rats fed with soybean “Roundup Ready” and herbicide, respectively. It is shown that the level of middle mass molecules in blood serum of the first rat generation increases in 1.5 and 1.6 times in cases of feeding rats with genetically modified soybean treated with herbicide and herbicide only; the increase in the content of middle mass molecules is observed in the second generation too. The increase of middle mass molecules content in blood serum indicates a syndrome of endogenous intoxication.
State of the antioxidant system in Danio rerio fish due to the chlorpyrifos intoxication
Authors:   Institute of Animal Biology NAAS, 38 V. Stus str, Lviv, 79034, Ukraine, Dovhaniuk V. V. , Rosalovsky V. P. ,   Institute of Animal Biology NAAS, 38 V. Stus str, Lviv, 79034, Ukraine, Salyha Yu. T. ,   Institute of Animal Biology NAAS, 38 V. Stus str, Lviv, 79034, Ukraine
Published: February 2022

The article presents the results of studies of acute intoxication in Danio Rerio fish by chlorpyrifos at concentrations 0.5 mg/L; 0.75 mg/L and 1 mg/L of aquarium water for 24 h and its influence on the content of TBK-active products, catalase activity (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPO), glutathione reductase (GR) in their tissues. After 24 h in the fish staying in water with chloropyrifos added in concentrations 0.75 mg/L and 1 mg/L we have revealed an increase of the content of TBK-active products in the studied tissues compared to the control values. The linear nature of the growth of the CAT enzymatic activity in the tissues of head and torso due to the effects of chloropyrifos in doses of 0.5 mg/L; 0.75 mg/L and 1 mg/L. was shown. On the background of the catalase activity growth in Danio rerio, in 24 h after the action of the toxicant, there was an inversely proportional dependence between the dose of chlorpyrifos and the activity of GPOs in both investigated parts of the fish body. In the tissues of the head and torso, inhibition of SOD activity for the action of chlorpyrifos has been established. The activity of this enzyme was the lowest at the chlorpyrifos concentration 0.75 mg/L. The obtained results complement the data on the toxic effect of chlorpyrifos on ichthyofauna and on the course of chlorpyrifos-induced oxidative stress in Danio rerio fish. The obtained data can be used in the development of additional biochemical markers of chlorpyrifos and other phosphor organic compounds intoxication and in toxicological and environmental experiments, taking into account the growing intensity of the use of insecticidal preparations in agricultural production and everyday life.
Formation of institutional structural determinants of endogenous influence on the level of gross saving in Ukraine
Authors:   State Institution ", Kryuchkova Iryna ,   Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine"
Published: February 2022

The article analyzes domestic institutional structural determinants of gross saving (GS) in Ukraine in order to identify the causes of the critical decline in GS and, accordingly, in gross fixed capital formation (GFCF) in 2019-2021. The diagnosis was made based on indicators of annual and quarterly national accounts of Ukraine with the definition of positive and negative factors influencing GS by institutional sectors, as well as subsectors of nonfinancial corporations and households. This approach made it possible to reveal the hidden causes of the decline in gross saving in Ukraine, as well as the decline in GS capitalization and the deep investment crisis in 2020. The author shows that the shock tariff increase in 2015 provoked a significant redistribution of income and savings between the institutional sectors and their subsectors. It is found that of all structural determinants, fluctuations in the level of GS in the subsector of private nonfinancial corporations are most affected by the changes in the share of gross operating surplus, (GOS) and by the large-scale outflow of financial resources through the property income channel, which varies closely depending on the growth of borrowing. These fluctuations are also affected by zero and abrupt cycles in raising the minimum wage. At the same time, it is proved that the inconsistency of the government's tariff and social policies created a two-fold gap between the statutory social standards and their actual level, which led to significant decline in living standards, especially for the recipients of property income and transfer incoms, turning them into chronic negative borrowers with negative gross saving. This had a negative impact on the GS of the whole household sector. Deepening the analysis to the level of GS structural determinants of the households subsectors shows that the high levels of GS in the subsector of self-employed workers and the subsector of employers do not correspond to the low levels of their gross fixed capital formation, i.e. a significant share of GS of these subsectors does not become a full source of national investment. The author outlines the directions for desired changes in the structural determinants of endogenous impact on the GS level in the household sector and proposes a number of government measures that could positively affect the distribution of income between the institutional sectors and subsectors and, accordingly, the level of GS/
A toolkit for assessing the directions of budget financing of education in post-crisis conditions
Authors:   State Institution ", Nazukova Nataliia ,   Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine"
Published: February 2022

Public financing of education is one of the most important fiscal instruments for responding to the challenges of post-pandemic economic recovery. Investments in higher and vocational education form the basis for the growth of total factor productivity, and therefore economic growth. At the same time, in the context of austerity, which will determine the directions of the budgetary policy of developing countries in the medium term, the key directions of fiscal intensification of the factors of economic growth require identification. It is proposed to include indicators of return on investments in various levels of education to the toolkit for assessing the directions of state financing of education as one of the most important factors of post-pandemic economic recovery in conditions of austerity. Differences in estimated returns from different educational levels can be taken into account in the development of public policy for financing education. The article offers an approbation for Ukraine of the approach of the Center for European Economic Research for calculating the return on investment in higher and vocational education. A feature of the proposed approach is the ability to simulate a sufficient amount of data on revenues of individuals in conditions of limited information. The calculations in the article are based, in addition to data on the level of wages of persons with higher and vocational education, on the amount of budgetary expenditures on education throughout the course of study per student, personal income tax rates, unemployment benefits and state social assistance per person. The proposed approach makes it possible to carry out scenario estimates of the return on investment in education based on macroeconomic forecasts and taking into account changes in tax legislation. It is found that in Ukraine the return on investment in higher and vocational education corresponds to the average values of the corresponding indicators for the OECD countries. The author outlines the guidelines of the proposed methodological approach and prospective areas for its application.
Мікроструктура, реологічні та кондуктометричні дослідження суспензій багатошарових вуглецевих нанотрубок у гліцерині
Authors: Булавін Л.А , Лебовка М.І. , Кислий Ю.А. , Храпатий С.В. , Гончарук А.І. , Мельник І.А. , Ковальчук В.І.
Published: February 2022

Методами оптичної мікроскопії, проведено дослідження електропровідності і реологічних властивостей (метод конус-плита)суспензій гліцерину, наповненого багатошаровими вуглецевими нанотрубками MWCNT. Дослідження проведено в інтервалі температур 283–333 K і при ступенях наповнення C = 0–1% мас. Показано, що MWCNT у гліцерині проявляють високу схильність до агрегації і в системі зберігаються "первинні" агрегати MWCNT навіть при інтенсивній ультразвуковій гомогенізації. При збільшенні концентрації MWCNT спостерігалися типові перколяційні процеси, які супроводжувалися підвищенням електропровідності і в'язкості. Перколяційна концентрація ідентифікована при C = Cp ≈ 0,1% мас., а скейлінгова поведінка поблизу точки перколяції характеризується показником провідності t = 2,7 ± 0,3, який дещо перевищує значення, характерне для задачі випадкової перколяції. Введення MWCNT у гліцерин приводило до прояву тіксотропної поведінкисуспензій, яка відображала процеси руйнування агрегатів MWCNT при зсувові. При високих концентраціях MWCNT, C = 1% мас., спостерігалася аномальна реологічна поведінка, яка відображала наявність руйнування сітки водневих зв'язків у гліцерині внаслідок присутності MWCNT. Проведено оцінку залежності енергій активації електропровідності і в'язкої течії від концентрації MWCNT.
Структура чистих Si−Si, Ge−Ge та змішаних аддимерів Si−Ge на поверхні Si(001)
Authors: Афанас’єва Т.В. , Гринчук О.А. , Коваль І.П. , Находкін М.Г.
Published: February 2022

Використовуючи кластерні квантовохімічні та гібридні квантово-хімічні–молекулярно-механічні розрахунки з перших принципів (ab initio), досліджено адсорбцію Ge на поверхню Si(001). Розрахунки з врахуванням конфігураційної взаємодії (кв)використовувалися для визначання геометричної та електронної структури чистих Si–Si, Ge–Ge, та змішаних Si–Ge аддимерів на поверхні Si(001). Як чисті Si–Si, Ge–Ge, так і змішані Si–Ge аддимери – не нахилені до поверхні та носять бірадикальнийхарактер. Довжини зв'язків чистих Si–Si та змішаних Si–Ge аддимерів становлять 2,35 Å, 2,45 Å та 2,41 Å відповідно. Утворення чистих Ge–Ge аддимерів на поверхні Si(001) є більш енергетично вигідним, ніж утворення змішаних аддимерів Si–Ge. Заселеності натуральних антизв'язуючих орбіталей чистих Si–Si, Ge–Ge та змішаних Si–Ge аддимерів становлять 0,56, 0,65 та 0,66 відповідно. Натуральні заселеності антизв'язуючих орбіталей для димерів поверхні становлять 0,35. Бірадикальний характер був більший у випадку аддимерів. Також розглянуто вплив прикладеної до вістря напруги на натуральні заселеності антизв'язуючих орбіталей чистих Si–Si та змішаних Si–Ge аддимерів поверхні Si(001). Під дією напруги вістря спостерігалася зміна плетності чистого аддимера Ge–Gе з синглету на триплет.
Поверхнева фото-ерс структур Au−C60−Si
Authors: Козаченко В.В. , Кондратенко С.В. , Мельничук Є.Є. , Даценко О.І. , Цибрій З.Ф.
Published: February 2022

У роботі методами спектроскопії поверхневої фото-ерс, фото-люмінесценції, AFM та FTIR досліджено структуру Au–C60–Si. Досліджено також кінетику поверхневої фото-ерс. Показано, що фотолюмінесценція та поверхнева фото-ерс в інтервалі 1,3–1,8 еВ зумовлені оптичними переходами за участі синглетних та триплетних екситонних станів. Встановлено, що генерація поверхневої фото-ерс у структурі Au–C60–Si зумовлена просторовим розділенням електронно-діркових пар в плівці C60.
Community Pharmacists’ Recommendations in Handling a Self-Medication Request for Bloody Diarrhea: A Survey in an Indonesian Urban Setting
Authors: Octafelia Yustina , Rahem Abdul , Setiadi Adji P. , Wibowo Yosi I. , Brata Cecilia , Setiawan Eko , V. Halim Steven
Published: February 2022

Diarrhea is one of the medical problems frequently found in the community. Pharmacists should determine the conditions treatable with over-the-counter medications and those that need urgent referral to a doctor, such as bloody diarrhea. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the appropriateness of the pharmacists' recommendations when responding to self-medication requests in the case of adult bloody diarrhea. This cross-sectional study was conducted from October to December 2019 using a questionnaire consisting of participants' characteristics and newly developed acute bloody diarrhea scenarios in adults. The quality and content of the questionnaire was validated by the experts in clinical pharmacy, public health, and pharmacists. The data obtained from 84 pharmacists with the response rate of 38.71% were analyzed descriptively. About 89.29 % of the pharmacists were female between 24 to 34 years. Referral to a doctor was the most suitable recommendation; however, only 23 pharmacists (34.52%) recommended this method. Some recommended antibiotics, such as metronidazole, cotrimoxazole, or thiamphenicol. Most pharmacists have not provided appropriate recommendations for a scenario related to bloody diarrhea in adults. Therefore, further research should be conducted to identify the required variables by the community pharmacists to make an appropriate recommendation as a response towards minor ailments in the community, especially medical referrals.
Clinical Characteristic and Antibiotic Patterns among Coronavirus Disease 2019 In-patient Wava Husada Hospital Malang
Authors: Kelana Ardiyatul I. , Ikawati Zullies , Wiedyaningsih Chairun
Published: February 2022

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infection caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which resulted in the clinical manifestation of pneumonia. A virus mainly causes pneumonia COVID-19, but bacterial co-infection plays a role in increasing mortality. This case series aimed to identify clinical characteristics and antibiotic use in treating COVID-19 patients at Wava Husada Hospital Malang. Data of a total sample of 21 patients selected from March to August 2020 showed moderate to severe infection and was further analyzed descriptively. The mean age of patients was 52±13 years, and 62% were men. Meanwhile, the most common symptoms were shortness of breath and cough with 81% and 76.2%, respectively. Several symptoms found include fever, diarrhea, nausea/vomiting, dizziness, and anorexia at 57.1%, 19%, 33.3%, 14.3%, and 4.8%. The patients had radiological features of pneumonia, where most of them had normal leukocyte and low lymphocyte counts. Additionally, 76.2% or 16 patients received antibiotic monotherapy, and 23.8% or 5 patients received the combination. Levofloxacin is the most commonly administered antibiotics, either single or combined, with a median duration of 11 days. Patients' length of stay ranged from 12 to 24 days; where 71.4% were discharged home, and 28.6% died. Procalcitonin measurement should be attempted as a stewardship strategy for using antibiotics in COVID-19 patients.
Pharmacological Intervention in Opioid Withdrawal Syndromes among Opioid Abusers
Authors: Maria Nisa , Kusumawardani Larasati A. , Salahuddin Farah S.
Published: February 2022

Opioid withdrawal syndrome appears after abrupt discontinuation of opioids characterized by watery eyes, runny nose, muscle pain, anxiety, yawning, gooseflesh, mydriasis, gastrointestinal discomfort, and rapid heartbeat. Globally, opioid abuse remains a significant problem, necessitating adequate treatment of drug syndrome in opioid addicts, particularly pharmaceutical therapy. Therefore, this study aimed to identify, evaluate, and analyze pharmacological management in opioid abusers. The articles used were retrieved based on specific limitations using the main keywords "opioid withdrawal syndrome treatment" and additional keywords "heroin, fentanyl, morphine" that were published in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and SpringerLink. From the 21 articles included, heroin abuse was the most prevalent. The primary treatment for opioid abuse is substitution therapy of opioid or non-opioid such as lofexidine, naltrexone, buprenorphine, dronabinol, methadone, pregabalin, oxytocin, antagonist corticotropin-releasing factor type 1 (CRF1), tramadol, clonidine, and pioglitazone. Additionally, the patient received symptomatic therapy based on the condition. The drugs used for treatment and willingness to obtain therapy are the factors for the withdrawal completion rate. The results were evaluated using opioid withdrawal assessment, either from a subjective, objective, or clinical perspective.
Hallazgos artroscópicos en lesiones de Maisonneuve
Authors: Rofrano Martín , Herrera Horacio
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: Analizar los hallazgos de la artroscopia anterior de tobillo en lesiones de Maisonneuve tratadas con reducción bajo visualización artroscópica y fijación percutánea.

Materiales y Métodos: Se evaluó el registro de pacientes con lesiones de Maisonneuve agudas tratados con reducción bajo visualización artroscópica y fijación percutánea, entre mayo de 2013 y enero de 2019. Se analizaron los hallazgos artroscópicos buscados (lesiones condrales u osteocondrales, cuerpos libres intrarticulares, lesión de la articulación tibioperonea distal con inestabilidad o sin ella, y lesión del ligamento deltoideo con inestabilidad medial o sin ella).

Resultados: Se evaluaron 13 tobillos en 13 pacientes. Todos tenían lesión del ligamento tibioperoneo distal anterior e inestabilidad de la articulación tibioperonea distal. El 92,30% presentaba lesiones de estructuras mediales; el 76,9%, lesión completa e inestabilidad del ligamento deltoideo y el 15,38%, fracturas del maléolo tibial. Uno (7,69%) no tenía lesión medial. El 84,61% tenía lesiones condrales u osteocondrales y el 53,84% (7 pacientes), cuerpos libres.

Conclusiones: La lesión de Maisonneuve es una consecuencia de un trauma de alta energía y la incidencia de lesiones de estructuras intrarticulares (ligamentarias y de la superficie articular) es alta. La artroscopia es una herramienta de gran utilidad para identificar y tratar lesiones intrarticulares que, de otra manera, no serían reconocidas.
Presentación de caso Trombosis arterial de diagnóstico tardío que simula un síndrome de Südeck luego de un reemplazo total de rodilla
Authors: Nicolino Tomás L. , Revah Mariano Agustín , Costantini Julián , Astoul Bonorino Juan Félix , Carbó Lisandro , Costa Paz Matías
Published: February 2022

La trombosis arterial luego de una artroplastia total de rodilla es una complicación poco frecuente; sin embargo, puede tener consecuencias devastadoras. Describimos un caso de una oclusión arterial después de una artroplastia total de rodilla en una mujer de 85 años. Inicialmente, la presentación clínica nos hizo pensar en una manifestación de la enfermedad de Raynaud (la paciente tenía antecedente de síndrome de CREST). Entre los diagnósticos diferenciales también se planteó un síndrome de dolor regional complejo, que retrasó el diagnóstico durante dos semanas. Finalmente, el diagnóstico y el tratamiento se realizaron mediante angiografía. La recuperación funcional fue completa. La baja frecuencia de esta lesión puede determinar que el diagnóstico sea un desafío para el cirujano. En este caso, la oclusión parcial de las arterias evitó complicaciones más graves.
Modelo de hipotermia experimental en murinos para estudios de lesión medular
Authors: Sarotto Aníbal José , Contartese Daniela , Dorfman Verónica , Toscanini Agustina , Scheverin Nicolás , Besse Micaela , Larráyoz Ignacio , Rey-Funes Manuel , Martínez Alfredo , Loidl César Fabián
Published: February 2022

Introducción: Los ensayos de hipotermia sistémica en murinos son costosos, debido a la complejidad de los sistemas. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar si el modelo de hipotermia sistémica exógena utilizado en nuestro laboratorio para la hipotermia ocular es útil para reducir significativamente la temperatura de la médula espinal en ratas adultas.

Materiales y Métodos: Se utilizaron 36 ratas Sprague-Dawley albinas macho de 60 días, distribuidas en dos grupos: grupo normotermia a 24 °C (n = 18) y grupo hipotermia (n = 18) en cámara fría a 8 °C durante 180 minutos.

Resultados: La temperatura rectal promedio fue de 37,71 ± 0,572 °C en el grupo normotermia y 34,03 ± 0,250 °C en el grupo hipotermia (p <0,0001). La temperatura medular promedio fue de 38,8 ± 0,468 °C en el grupo normotermia y de 36,4 ± 0,290 °C en el grupo hipotermia (p <0,0001).

Conclusiones: El uso de hipotermia sistémica en ratas de laboratorio parece ser un método prometedor para evaluar los mecanismos fisiológicos y patológicos que se desencadenan en la médula espinal. La exposición al frío en cámara genera hipotermia medular significativa en ratas adultas. Los resultados sugieren que podría ser un modelo adecuado de hipotermia medular de bajo costo.
Non-technical losses in an electrical distribution system. Energy efficiency as a continuous process
Authors: Pérez Eduardo Andrés , Schweickardt Gustavo Alejandro
Published: February 2022

This work analyzes the problem of non-technical losses in a low-voltage electrical power distribution system with an artificial intelligence model. The problem focuses on the use of a backpropagation multilayer perceptron neural network, which will quantitatively determine these losses from the manipulation of the current profile and the voltage drop expressed as percentages of their nominal values. These two magnitudes considered, will allow obtaining from the identification of patterns with large variations a technical assessment or quantification to approach the analysis from a different perspective, differing in the methodological determination of non-technical losses currently considered as a percentage of total losses. The results obtained will allow to form a basis for the correct determination of the non-supplied energy, its influence on distribution costs and energy efficiency for the future insertion of distributed generation.
De “los domésticos de hoy” a “los trabajadores del hogar del mañana”: Estado y legislación laboral del servicio doméstico (Córdoba, Argentina, 1936)
Authors: J. Remedi Fernando
Published: February 2022

entre las últimas décadas del siglo XIX y las primeras del XX se produjo en Córdoba (Argentina) un proceso de creciente mercantilización del servicio doméstico que supuso una desestabilización de las formas tradicionales de su regulación basadas en vínculos paternalistas, arreglos informales y privados entre las partes, y lealtades recíprocas. Por sus especificidades, dicho sector del mundo del trabajo fue quedando al margen de los beneficios y los derechos laborales que el Estado nacional y provincial impulsaron para otros trabajadores. En la provincia de Córdoba, recién en 1928 se impulsó una legislación laboral para el servicio doméstico. Este proyecto fallido fue reactualizado por el Poder Ejecutivo provincial en 1936. El objetivo del trabajo es examinar esta última iniciativa, perfilar su carácter, alcance, sentido y concepciones subyacentes. Además, se analizan las posiciones y argumentos que los periódicos de la ciudad de Córdoba sostuvieron sobre dicho proyecto. Se trabaja con documentación del Estado provincial e información provista por los periódicos locales La Voz del Interior, Los Principios y Córdoba
“El goze de los derechos de ciudadano”: Elecciones y ciudadanía en la América Central, ca. 1770-1850
Authors: Dym Jordana
Published: February 2022

Entre 1808 y 1850, las provincias y luego los estados independientes centroamericanos organizaron centenares de elecciones.  Este artículo examina las constituciones y reglamentos electorales para entender la teoría electoral.  Los ponen en conversación con los libros de elecciones, listados de votantes, periódicos, correspondencia, y otros documentos que revelan las prácticas a nivel municipal, estatal, y federal.  El análisis muestra que el resultado sorprendente de un sistema que privilegió el voto indirecto y el poder del cuerpo legislativo en imponer resultados, era un compromiso ciudadano importante que, al final, preparó a la región para ampliar los derechos del ciudadano (al menos en papel) en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX.
De pandillas a mini-cárteles criollos: narcomenudeo y evolución de los grupos criminales de Pavas
Authors: Saborío Sebastián , Astorga Sánchez Leonardo
Published: February 2022

Mediante 67 entrevistas a residentes de Pavas, privados de libertad y autoridades policiales, y la consulta de material periodístico y estadísticas oficiales, los investigadores demuestran que la vinculación al narcomenudeo, por parte de los grupos criminales locales, provocó la transformación de sus prácticas. De tal manera, los autores plantean que la llegada masiva de droga a la localidad de Pavas llevó a que estas agrupaciones a hacer un mayor uso de la violencia para resolver conflictos y a estructurarse más, pasando de ser pandillas a lo que hoy en día las autoridades denominan “mini-cárteles criollos”. El artículo plantea un análisis de las etapas del conflicto entre los grupos criminales y relaciona diferentes aspectos tales como las características socioeconómicas del contexto analizado y los distintos actores involucrados en las luchas por controlar los puntos de venta y compra de estupefacientes.
The correlation between patient satisfaction treatment of narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy and the improvement of psoriasis severity index
Authors: Dewi Putti Fatiharani
Published: February 2022

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the skin affecting patients of all ages, both males and females. Currently, the psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) method is the gold standard in assessing the severity of psoriasis. Phototherapy narrowband ultraviolet B (NBUVB) is one of the modalities of psoriasis therapy which is relatively safe and effective for repairing psoriasis lesions. Patient satisfaction with phototherapy, which can be assessed using a questionnaire, serves to determine the patient's motivation in carrying out routine therapy.Objective: This study was designed to determine the correlation between the level of NBUVB phototherapy satisfaction with PASI improvement.Method: The study subjects were 22 plaque-type psoriasis vulgaris patients who underwent NBUVB phototherapy from May 2018 to October 2018 in the dermatovenereology outpatient clinic of Dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta. Subjects filled in the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM) included questions about satisfaction with NBUVB phototherapy, and PASI scores were measured before and after NBUVB phototherapy.Results: The data were analyzed with the Pearson correlation test with a significance value of p <0.05. There are significant differences between PASI before and after giving 24 times phototherapy with a value of p<0.05.Conclusion: There was a significant correlation between the degree of PASI improvement and the global patient satisfaction with NBUVB phototherapy.
Syphilis in pregnancy at Public Health Centre III North Denpasar
Authors: Novena Odilia Dea , Giovani Gusti Ayu Vina Mery
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. Syphilis in pregnancy is often asymptomatic, so early detection of syphilis is needed to prevent a poor pregnancy outcome and transmission of infection to the baby.Case: A 25-year-old woman, pregnant with her second child at 24 weeks of gestation, came without any health complaint for a routine prenatal check-up. On syphilis screening, reactive TPHA and RPR titer of 1:2 were found. The patient was diagnosed with syphilis infection in pregnancy. The patient has been treated with Benzathine Benzylpenicillin 2.4 million IU intramuscular injection once a week for 3 consecutive weeks.Conclusion: Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection that infects pregnant women. Treponemal transmission in pregnant women was detected early in the ninth week of pregnancy. The diagnosis of syphilis was made by dark-field microscopy, treponemal antibody tests (TPHA, FTA-ABS), and non-treponemal antibody tests (VDRL, RPR). Penicillin is the gold standard therapy for syphilis in pregnant women.
Successful total correction of Transposition of Great Artery in Surabayaâ€™s rural area experience: serial cases
Authors: Soebroto Heroe , Danisa Farhan , Hakim Arief Rakhman
Published: February 2022

Background: Transposition of the great arteries (TGA) is a cyanotic heart disorder characterized by the aorta being positioned to the pulmonary artery's right-anterior. Arterial switch operation (ASO) is the main surgical procedure for TGA correction that has favorable outcomes. This case report aims to explain the findings of TGA cases that were performed successfully by ASO surgery at Dr. Soetomo Hospital in Surabaya.Case Presentation: We reported two cases of dextro-TGA, which were confirmed from anamnesis, physical examination and echocardiographic. Both cases have been successfully carried out with an arterial switch operation (ASO) procedure with a post-operative length of 14-15 days with stable hemodynamics.Conclusion: TGA is a congenital heart defect with a rapid worsening of clinical signs if not detected early. The early correction will improve post-correction outcomes in patients.
Differences in AGEs-N-Carboxymethyllysine and Kidney Injury Molecule-1 in non-diabetic subjects, diabetic with and without diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Fajaryani Dwi , Rahayu Muji , Rachmawati Banundari
Published: February 2022

Background: Diabetic nephropathy (ND) is a complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), characterized by persistent albuminuria. N-carboxymethyl lysine (CML) is the most extensive advanced glycation end products (AGEs), formed from the fructoselysine amadori. Kidney Injury Molecule 1 (KIM-1) is a type 1 transmembrane glycoprotein. The aim of the study is to analyze the differences in AGEs-CML and KIM-1 levels in the non-DM subject, DM without and with DN.Methods: A cross-sectional analytic observational study was conducted on 25 non-DM subjects (K1), 25 DM without DN (K2), and 25 DM withÂ  DN (K3) in PROLANIS Semarang. AGEs-CML and KIM-1 levels were measured using the ELISA method. Inter-group AGEs-CML levels were analyzed using the One way ANOVA test, followed by post hoc Games-Howell. The levels KIM-1 between groups were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test levels, followed by Mann Whitney post hoc test and p<0.05, were considered significant.Results: There were differences in AGEs-CML levels between K1 (739.89Â±227.37 ng/ml) and K3 (911.79Â±107.44) (p = 0.005), between K2 (798.82Â±153.03) and K3 (911.79 Â± 107.44) (p = 0.012) and there was no difference in K1 and K2 (p =0.535). There were differences in KIM-1 level between K1 [9.82 (5.99 â€“ 14.83) pg/ml] and K2 [15.31 (10.12 â€“ 30.21) (p <0.001)], between K1 [9.82 (5.99 â€“ 14.83)] and K3 [15.11 (8.27 â€“ 25.63) (p <0.001)] and there was no difference between K2 and K3 (p=0.720)Conclusion: The highest AGEs-CML levels were significantly found in the K3 group, followed by K2 and the lowest in K3. KIM-1 levels were significantly found in the K2 group, followed by K3 and the lowest in K1.
Endoscopic spine surgery for cervicothoracic spine neurofibroma: a case report
Authors: Sartika Dewi , Risdianto Ajid , Saputro Abdi , Brotoarianto Happy Kurnia , Priambada Dody , Muttaqin Zainal , Andar Erie Bambang Priyono Setyabudi , Arifin Muhammad Thohar , Prihastomo Krisna Tsaniadi , Bakhtiar Yuriz
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Spinal tumors are rare lesions. The incidence of spinal tumors is about 0.5-2.5 cases per 100,000 population per year.1 Thirty percent of spinal tumors are located intradural. Twenty to thirty percent of intradural tumors are schwannoma and spinal neurofibroma.2 Surgery is the leading choice for schwannomas and neurofibromas that grow progressively or cause neurological deficits.2,3,4 Currently, minimally invasive surgery is developing rapidly, including minimally invasive surgery on spine surgery.Better outcomes are expected in endoscopic spine surgery compared to conventional spine surgery techniques.This paper aims to provide an overview of endoscopic procedures for the surgical removal of spinal tumors.Case description: A 59-year-old man presented paraplegia of both lower limbs. The patient complained difficulty walking for nine months before admitted to the hospital. The patient also complained of difficulty moving both of his legs, burning pain sensation, pain and numbness sensation that radiates from chest region to both of his toes, he felt that his chest was tied, and he complained hard to breathe when he feels pain. Complaints are getting worse until the patient was unable to walk. We found intra-dural extramedullary lesion from the MRI that was suspicious of a nerve cell sheath tumor. The patient underwent surgical treatment for tumor removal with an endoscopic technique, the cancer was complete. From the histopathology, the tumor was a neurofibroma tumor.Conclusion: Neurofibroma is one of the most frequently intradural extramedullary spinal tumors. Good imaging can guide the diagnosis and a good plan for manage patients with spinal tumors. Complete tumor resection provides a better prognosis in patients with neurofibromas. With endoscopic techniques, total spinal tumor removal surgery can be performed. The surgical procedure for spinal tumors using an endoscopic approach may be an option for spinal neurofibromas patients.
The correlation between C-Reactive Protein, Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1, and S100b with Alberta stroke program early CT Score in non-hemorrhagic stroke patients
Authors: Retnoningrum Dwi , Wati Arinta Puspita , Rahmawati Maria Belladonna , Ningrum Farah Hendara , Kuntjoro Lydia Purna Widyastuti Setjadiningrat , Limijadi Edward Kurnia Setiawan
Published: February 2022

Background: Stroke is the leading cause of disability and the second-most cause of death in Indonesia, caused by atherosclerotic obstructions in the cerebral and cervical arteries. C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute-phase protein synthesized after the stimulation of the pro-inflammatory cytokines. Vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) is a sign of both inflammation and atherosclerosis. S100B protein is the dominant protein in the central nervous system released in the event of inflammation in the brain, such as stroke. CT-scan is a gold-standard diagnosis of non-hemorrhagic stroke. However, it has a limit to the onset of <6 hours. The Alberta stroke program early CT-score (ASPECTS) system enhances non-contrast CT-scan sensitivity in assessing early ischemic changes in areas supplied by the middle cerebral artery (MCA). The correlation between inflammatory variables and ischemic assessments on CT-scan needs to be analyzed further. This study aimed to prove the correlation between acute inflammatory signs and ischemic assessment using ASPECTS in non-hemorrhagic stroke patients.Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study conducted in April-September 2019 on 47 non-hemorrhagic stroke patients in Diponegoro National Hospital, Telogorejo Hospital, and Tugurejo Hospital, Semarang. The diagnosis of non-hemorrhagic stroke was based on the non-contrast CT-scan and subsequent ASPECTS assessment. CRP, VCAM-1, and S100B levels were examined using the ELISA principle. The correlation test between variables was also performed employing the Spearman test.Results: The correlation test results between the CRP, VCAM-1, and S100B levels with the ASPECTS were r = -0.035, p = 0.815; r = -0.117, p = 0,432; and r = 0.145, p = 0.332, respectively.Conclusions: There was no significant correlation between the CRP, VCAM-1, and S100B levels with the ASPECTS. The increase in CRP and S100B inflammatory signs was not accompanied by low ASPECTS assessment, which depended on the appearance of lesions on the CT-scan.
Risk score of contrast-induced nephropathy in patients after percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Limbong Morlim , Herry Yan , Ardhianto Pipin , Suhartono Suhartono
Published: February 2022

Background: Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is still an issue in modern revascularization era. Recent risk stratification model used creatinine as biomarker which has some limitations. Increased â‰¥ 10 % of Cystatin-C after PCI has proven to be one of the earliest and accurate CIN after PCI biomarkers. The study aims to develop risk score based on predictors of contrast-induced nephropathy in patients after PCI with Cystatin-C as biomarkerMethods: A prospective cohort study of 129 patients after PCI at Dr. Kariadi General Hospital Semarang. Predictor analysis was carried out using bivariate chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression. The independent predictors obtained were then used as risk score variables. The Hosmer and Lemeshow calibration test and AUC ROC analysis for discrimination test tested the quality of the risk score.Results: There were 3 independent predictors used as the risk score variables: Hypotension (score 1), anemia (score 1), creatinine baseline >1.5 mg/dl (score 1). Patients with total score â‰¥1 have higher risk to have CIN after PCI. The risk score had a good quality with the Hosmer and Lemeshow calibration test > 0.05 and relative modest discrimination ROC AUC 0.700 (95% IK 0.585-0.815;Â  p=0.001).Conclusions: A risk score for risk stratification CIN after PCI has been created. The score hasÂ  good calibration and modest discrimination in predicting the risk of CIN after PCI.
Frail geriatric patient with covid-19 infection: a case report
Authors: Mulyanti B. Neni , Handoyo Thomas , Murbawani Etisa Adi , Indrastuti Lanny , Purwoko Yosef , Ngestiningsih Dwi , Murti Yudo , Joni Bambang , Andajani Rejeki , Pranarka Kris , Martono Hadi
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Covid 19 is a respiratory system disease caused by SARS-COV2. Geriatric patients with Covid-19 equipped with multiple comorbidities and a high vulnerability have high morbidity and mortality rates.Case illustrations: A 75-year-old woman presents with confusion and fever. She was treated in the previous hospital for 7 days, experienced a deterioration of consciousness and had respiratory failure, thus was referred to Kariadi Hospital.She had comorbid hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus and grade 2 osteoarthritis genu bilateral. Bodyweight 45kg, height 150cm, BMI 20kg/m2,blood pressure 100/58 mmHg,pulse 110x/minute, Respiratory rate 28x/minute, Temperature 38.5?, 93% oxygen saturation, Frailty Index 0.7, Katz Index G, Norton score 11/20. Leucocytes 9100,Lymphocytes 10%, Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio 2.2, Blood Glucose 247mg/dL, CRP 4.41mg/dL, Ferritin 5472.28,D-Dimer >20,000ug/dL, Fibrinogen498 mg/dL, Procalcitonin 0.39, Chest X-ray showed pneumonia infiltrates with cardiomegaly. The RT-PCR swab examination showed positive SARS-Cov-2. Brain CT showed lacunar infarct and aging atrophy cerebral. the patient was admitted to intensive isolation room because of acute respiratory distress syndrome and covid coagulopathy. After clinical improvement, the next problems that must be addressed in isolation rooms are frail, confusion, cerebral syndrome, immobility and grade 1 decubitus.Conclusion: Management of frail geriatric patients with Covid-19 has its challenges because of the high mortality rate. It requires a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach.
Vitamin D supplementation in subjects with hypovitaminosis D: a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Nugroho Heri , GDP Tjokorda , Suhartono Tony , Darmono Darmono
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Despite having abundant sunshine all year long, hypovitaminosis D in Indonesia is still surprisingly prevalent. However, hypovitaminosis D in Indonesia has still been severely underdiagnosed and there were even fewer studies on its treatment. Thus, we aim to assess the effectiveness of daily vitamin D supplementation for subjects with hypovitaminosis D.Method: A randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted was conducted with a total of 76 healthy, non-obese, working-age participants with hypovitaminosis D. The intervention was daily 1,000 IU of vitamin D3 supplementation for 12 weeks, while the placebo group received a placebo pill. The serum 25(OH)D level was measured pre-intervention, after 4 weeks, and after 12 weeks of intervention. The data were analyzed using an unpaired t-test in SPSS version 24.0. Out of the 81 participants, a total of 76 participants (93.8%) have hypovitaminosis D.Result: The serum 25(OH)D level in the treatment group was significantly higher than in the placebo group after 12 weeks of supplementation. The delta of serum 25(OH)D level after 12 weeks of supplementation was also significantly higher in the treatment group. Furthermore, the serum 25(OH)D level in the placebo group was found to be significantly reduced at the 12th week compared to the baseline. Participants who received daily supplementation of 1000 IU vitamin D3 for 12 consecutive weeks have significantly higher serum 25(OH)D levels than the participants in the placebo group. Same result was also observed when the changes of serum 25(OH)D after 12 weeks were analyzed.Conclusion: Hypovitaminosis D was surprisingly very prevalent among the working-age group in Indonesia. Participants who received daily supplementation of 1000 IU vitamin D3 for 12 consecutive weeks have significantly higher serum 25(OH)D levels than the participants in the placebo group.
The future of three-dimensional skin graft: a mini-review
Authors: Santoso Zendio Abednego
Published: February 2022

Over the last few years, the development of three-dimensional (3D) skin bioprinting has increased rapidly. The concept of bioprinting involves a computer in designing using conventional 3D printing. 3D bioprinting can produce tissue structures such as skin and have the opportunity to substitute autografts, which are still the gold standard today. Network construction in bioprinting requires stages in the network structure design, selection of cell and biomaterial raw materials, and the molding process. The use of keratinocytes and fibroblasts is used as the main raw material in the manufacture of the dermis and epidermis layers. The biomimetic technique will combine these raw materials with other biomaterials (hydrogel, collagen, fibrin, gelatin, alginate, chitosan, and chitin) and growth factors (hydrocortisone, thrombin, and FGF-2) so that the physiological condition of the skin can be created. Currently, 3D bioprinting research continues to develop in response to the various shortcomings and challenges faced. The purpose of this review is to discuss the current use of 3D bioprinting technology, the principles of this technology and the prospects for 3D skin bioprinting in the future.
A review of chest X-ray in pulmonary hypertension: correlation of right descending pulmonary artery diameter with mean pulmonary artery pressure
Authors: Nareswari Tara , Prihharsanti Christina Hari Nawangsih , Sukmaningytyas Hermina , Ningrum Farah Hendara , Satoto Bambang , Santoso Antonius Gunawan
Published: February 2022

Background: Pulmonary hypertension is a condition which there is an increase in mean pulmonary artery pressure measured at â‰¥25 mmHg. The gold standard in diagnosing this condition is right heart catheterization. Enlargement of right descending pulmonary artery on chest radiographs is a sign of pulmonary hypertension. However, the value of radiographic measurements reported was diverse. The study analyzes the correlation between the right descending pulmonary artery (RDPA) diameter on chest radiographs and means pulmonary artery pressure on right heart catheterization to understand whether RDPA diameter on chest X-ray could be a predictor in determining the severity of pulmonary hypertension.Methods: Thirty-five subjects were reviewed to compare RDPA diameter from a chest X-ray on posteroanterior projection and mPAP value from the right heart catheterization. The correlation between them was analyzed using Pearson's correlation test.Â  RDPA diameter cut-off point was defined using the ROC curve.Result: RDPA diameter and mPAP revealed a high positive correlation (p<0.001; r=0.824). The cut-off value of the RDPA diameter was 21.8 mm (sensitivity 81% and specificity 85.7%; AUC =0.9)Conclusion: The measurement of right descending pulmonary artery diameter on chest x-ray positively correlates with mean pulmonary artery pressure. Therefore, the diameter of the right pulmonary artery on the chest x-ray can predict the severity of pulmonary hypertension.