bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vertical segregation in the self-assembly of nanoparticles at the liquid/air interface
Authors: Liu Yanming , Liu Yang , Tao Peng , Shang Wen , Song Chengyi , Deng Tao
Published: October 2014

Vertical segregation was induced by the size-dependent charge neutralization during the one-step interfacial self-assembly of colloidal gold nanoparticles with bimodal size distribution.
TiNb2O7 nanoparticles assembled into hierarchical microspheres as high-rate capability and long-cycle-life anode materials for lithium ion batteries
Authors: Li Hongsen , Shen Laifa , Pang Gang , Fang Shan , Luo Haifeng , Yang Kai , Zhang Xiaogang
Published: October 2014

A novel route to synthesize TiNb2O7 microspheres via a facile solvothermal method without any templates.
Carbon coated MnO@Mn3N2 core–shell composites for high performance lithium ion battery anodes
Authors: Wu Yongmin , Liu Mengjia , Feng Hongbin , Li Jinghong
Published: October 2014

Carbon coated MnO@Mn3N2 core–shell composites (MnO@Mn3N2/C) were synthesized in a simple approach by calcining MnO2 nanowires with urea at 800 °C under an ammonia atmosphere.
Synthesis and evaluation of protein arginine N-methyltransferase inhibitors designed to simultaneously occupy both substrate binding sites
Authors: van Haren Matthijs , van Ufford Linda Quarles , Moret Ed E. , Martin Nathaniel I.
Published: October 2014

PRMT inhibitors designed to simultaneously occupy both substrate binding sites display potent activity and surprising selectivity.
Efficient synthesis of pyrene-1-carbothioamides and carboxamides. Tunable solid-state fluorescence of pyrene-1-carboxamides
Authors: Wrona-Piotrowicz Anna , Zakrzewski Janusz , Métivier Rémi , Brosseau Arnaud , Makal Anna , Woźniak Krzysztof
Published: October 2014

This paper discloses efficient synthesis of pyrene-1-carbothioamides and carboxamidesviaFriedel–Crafts reaction of pyrene with isocyanates followed by oxidative desulfuration. The amides display solid-state fluorescence with quantum yields up to 62%, originating from monomers, aggregates or excimers.
Monitoring metallofulfenamic–bovine serum albumin interactions: a novel method for metallodrug analysis
Authors: Abdelhamid Hani Nasser , Wu Hui-Fen
Published: October 2014

A new methodology for drug/metallodrug detection in an aqueous solution and their interactions with serum albumin are presented.
Luminescent hybrid perovskite nanoparticles as a new platform for selective detection of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol
Authors: Muthu Chinnadurai , Nagamma Sunena R. , Nair Vijayakumar C.
Published: October 2014

CH3NH3PbBr3based luminescent perovskite nanoparticles have been used for the selective detection of an explosive, 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (picric acid) with high sensitivity in solution and vapour state.
Multiplicate sensitization of novel near-infrared luminescent linear copolymers based on Er, Nd and Yb-complexes
Authors: Luo Jianxin , Zhang Chunyan , Li Changhong , Hu Hanxiang , Hu Bonian
Published: October 2014

A series of novel near-infrared (NIR) luminescent linear copolymers (PCzLnQL2) covalently linked with Ln-complexes were synthesized and characterized. The copolymers show broadband sensitized and highly efficient NIR luminescence.
Zinc oxide microrods and nanorods: different antibacterial activity and their mode of action against Gram-positive bacteria
Authors: Rago Ilaria , Chandraiahgari Chandrakanth Reddy , Bracciale Maria P. , De Bellis Giovanni , Zanni Elena , Cestelli Guidi Mariangela , Sali Diego , Broggi Alessandra , Palleschi Claudio , Sarto Maria S. , Uccelletti Daniela
Published: October 2014

ZnO micro and nanorods, produced through simple and inexpensive techniques, resulted to be strong antimicrobials against Gram-positive bacteria, in vitro as well as in vivo, by altering cell outer structures like membrane and exopolysaccharides.
Cyclic RGD targeting nanoparticles with pH sensitive polymer–drug conjugates for effective treatment of melanoma
Authors: Guan Xingang , Hu Xiuli , Liu Shi , Huang Yubin , Jing Xiabin , Xie Zhigang
Published: October 2014

Cyclic RGD targeting polymeric nanomedicines prepared from pH sensitive polymer–drug conjugates for effective treatment of melanoma.
In situ functionalization of highly porous polymer microspheres with silver nanoparticles via bio-inspired chemistry
Authors: Son Ho Yeon , Lee Dong Jae , Lee Jun Bae , Park Chun Ho , Seo Mintae , Jang Jihui , Kim Su Ji , Yoon Moung Seok , Nam Yoon Sung
Published: October 2014

Organic–inorganic hybrid porous microparticles.
Magnetic nanocatalyst for the synthesis of maleimide and phthalimide derivatives
Authors: Thale Pranila B. , Borase Pravin N. , Shankarling Ganapati S.
Published: October 2014

An efficient and green protocol for the synthesis of N-aryl maleimide and phthalimide derivatives has been developed.
Enhanced supercapacitor performance by incorporating nickel in manganese oxide
Authors: Ahuja Preety , Ujjain Sanjeev Kumar , Sharma Raj Kishore , Singh Gurmeet
Published: October 2014

At optimised composition (20 wt%) of nickel, composite crystallizes into spinel NiMn2O4 that in a supercapacitor cell gives the best performance in terms of energy and power density.
Reduced graphene oxide–titania based platform for label-free biosensor
Authors: Solanki Pratima R. , Srivastava Saurabh , Ali Md. Azahar , Srivastava Rajesh Kr. , Srivastava Anchal , Malhotra B. D.
Published: October 2014

A label-free biosensor has been fabricated using a reduced graphene oxide and anatase titania nanocomposite, deposited on indium tin oxide electrode for the specific recognition of Vibrio cholerae.
Effect of pretreatment and temperature on the properties of Pinnularia biosilica frustules
Authors: Van Eynde Erik , Lenaerts Britt , Tytgat Tom , Verbruggen Sammy W. , Hauchecorne Birger , Blust Ronny , Lenaerts Silvia
Published: October 2014

Material characteristics of cleaned diatom Pinnularia frustules are investigated and evaluated as adsorbents to remove methylene blue from aqueous solution.
Facile fabrication of a robust and corrosion resistant superhydrophobic aluminum alloy surface by a novel method
Authors: Liu Cansen , Su Fenghua , Liang Jizhao
Published: October 2014

A robust superhydrophobic surface with excellent mechanical abrasion and corrosion resistance, self-cleaning ability as well as long-term stability is fabricated by a novel anodic oxidation and self-assembly process.
Plasmon-mediated, highly enhanced photocatalytic degradation of industrial textile dyes using hybrid ZnO@Ag core–shell nanorods
Authors: Dinesh V. P. , Biji P. , Ashok Anuradha , Dhara S. K. , Kamruddin M. , Tyagi A. K. , Raj Baldev
Published: October 2014

Hybrid ZnO@Ag core-shell nanorods were synthesized using a novel seed mediated, two-step process and their plasmon-mediated, enhanced photocatalytic property was used for degradation of industrial textile dyes and effluents.
Development of biocompatible nanocubes as a T1-contrast enhancer for MR imaging of primary and metastatic liver cancer
Authors: Song Xiao-xia , Xu Xian-zhu , Wan Hong-ping , Tang Qun
Published: October 2014

A biocompatible KMnF3nanocube was developed as a hepatic MRI contrast agent to enhance visibility of liver cancer lesions.
Expanding the utility of flow hydrogenation – a robust protocol restricting hydrodehalogenation
Authors: Hizartzidis Lacey , Cossar Peter J. , Robertson Mark J. , Simone Michela I. , Young Kelly A. , McCluskey Adam , Gordon Christopher P.
Published: October 2014

A commonly observed limitation of conducting hydrogenations under flow chemistry conditions is hydrodehalogenation.
Chitosan modified cerasomes incorporating poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) for oral insulin delivery
Authors: Jin Yushen , Pan Hongjie , Li Yanyan , Dai Zhifei
Published: October 2014

The most significant finding of this study is that a hybrid liposomal cerasome with high stability and good biocompatibility was successfully developed for oral insulin delivery by incorporating poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) into the cerasome followed by coating with chitosan (CS).
Microbial oxidation of graphite by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans CFMI-1
Authors: Zhu Chunlin , Liu Linzhi , Fan Mengmeng , Liu Lin , Dai Beibei , Yang Jiazhi , Sun Dongping
Published: October 2014

A simple and environmentally-friendly bio-oxidation approach to produce graphite oxide nanosheets is described.
Modified extra-large mesoporous silica supported Au–Ni as a highly efficient catalyst for oxidative coupling of aldehydes with methanol
Authors: Han Junxing , Zhang Suojiang , Zhang Juan , Yan Ruiyi
Published: October 2014

An AuNi/LaMg–FDU-12 bimetallic catalyst exhibits excellent performance for oxidative coupling of aldehydes with methanol to directly produce methyl esters.
Preparation, characterization and analytical application of an electrochemical laccase biosensor towards low level determination of isoprenaline in human serum samples
Authors: Gopal P. , Reddy T. Madhusudana , Nagaraju C. , Narasimha G.
Published: October 2014

A novel electrochemical biosensor has been developed based on the immobilization of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) followed by sol–gel entrapment of laccase (Lac) enzyme on to the GCE.
Solid-state NMR measurements and DFT calculations of the magnetic shielding tensors of protons of water trapped in barium chlorate monohydrate
Authors: Carnevale Diego , Ashbrook Sharon E. , Bodenhausen Geoffrey
Published: October 2014

The magnetic shielding tensors of protons of water in barium chlorate monohydrate are investigated by means of solid-state NMR spectroscopy, both for static powders and under magic-angle spinning conditions.
High specific surface area LaMO3(M = Co, Mn) hollow spheres: synthesis, characterization and catalytic properties in methane combustion
Authors: Guo Guangsheng , Lian Kuo , Wang Lijuan , Gu Fubo , Han Dongmei , Wang Zhihua
Published: October 2014

LaMO3(M = Mn, Co) hollow spheres were synthesized by a carbon sphere template method, while a slow heating rate resulted in multishelled hollow spheres.
Regioselective one-pot, three-component synthesis of substituted 2H-indazoles from 2-nitroarylaldehyde, alkyne and amine catalyzed by the CuBr/Zn(OTf)2 system
Authors: Saikia Anil K. , Unnava Ramanjaneyulu , Indukuri Kiran , Sarkar Sujit
Published: October 2014

3-(Arylethynyl)-2H-indazoles are synthesized in one-pot using 2-nitroarylaldehydes, primary amines and alkynes catalysed by the Zn(OTf)2/CuBr system in moderate to good yields.
Ligase-assisted, upconversion luminescence resonance energy transfer-based method for specific and sensitive detection of V600E mutation in the BRAF gene
Authors: Wang Peng , Zhang Peng
Published: October 2014

We report a specific and sensitive detection of BRAF V600E mutation based on a ligase-assisted signal-amplifiable scheme using upconversion nanoparticles.
Imaging and spectroscopy of Au nanoclusters in yttria-stabilized zirconia films using ballistic electron/hole emission microscopy
Authors: Filatov Dmitry , Guseinov Davud , Antonov Ivan , Kasatkin Alexander , Gorshkov Oleg
Published: October 2014

Ballistic electron emission microscopy was applied to imaging and spectroscopy of metal nanoclusters (NCs) in dielectric films. The possibility of measuring the size quantization energies of the NCs was demonstrated.
Ni-doped ZnO nanotower arrays with enhanced optical and field emission properties
Authors: Chang Yu-Cheng
Published: October 2014

Large-scale ZnO nanotower arrays exhibit excellent field emission and antireflection properties.
Organotin(iv) carboxylate derivatives as a new addition to anticancer and antileishmanial agents: design, physicochemical characterization and interaction with Salmon sperm DNA
Authors: Sirajuddin Muhammad , Ali Saqib , McKee Vickie , Zaib Sumera , Iqbal Jamshad
Published: October 2014

The compounds interact with DNA via the intercalative mode of interaction. They show strong antibacterial, anticancer and antileishmanial activities.
Fine tuning of the sheet distance of graphene oxide that affects the activity and substrate selectivity of a Pd/graphene oxide catalyst in the Heck reaction
Authors: Saito Akinori , Yamamoto Shun-ichi , Nishina Yuta
Published: October 2014

The interlayer distance of graphene oxide (GO) in a Pd/GO composite could be tuned using cationic surfactants.
Potential anti-bacterial agents: montmorillonite clay-catalyzed synthesis of novel 2-(3,5-substituted-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-3-substituted quinolines and their in silico molecular docking studies
Authors: Pavan Pasupala , Subashini R. , Ethiraj K. R. , Nawaz Khan Fazlur-Rahman
Published: October 2014

A series of 2-(3,5-substituted-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-3-substituted quinolines 5a–g, were obtained utilizing Montmorillonite clay K-10 as a catalyst in an eco-friendly methodology.
A possible mechanism for the emergence of an additional band gap due to a Ti–O–C bond in the TiO2–graphene hybrid system for enhanced photodegradation of methylene blue under visible light
Authors: Umrao Sima , Abraham Shiju , Theil Frank , Pandey Shobhit , Ciobota Valerian , Shukla P. K. , Rupp Caroline J. , Chakraborty Sudip , Ahuja Rajeev , Popp Jürgen , Dietzek Benjamin , Srivastava Anchal
Published: October 2014

Efficient visible light photodegradation of methylene blue using TiO2–graphene based composites has been reported.
Biocompatible electrospinning poly(vinyl alcohol) nanofibres embedded with graphene-based derivatives with enhanced conductivity, mechanical strength and thermal stability
Authors: Yu Yuan-Hsiang , Chan Chih-Chieh , Lai Yu-Chia , Lin Yan-Yu , Huang Ying-Chieh , Chi Wen-Feng , Kuo Che-Wei , Lin Hsui-Mei , Chen Pao-Chun
Published: October 2014

Biocompatible poly(vinyl alcohol) nanocomposite electrospun nanofibres embedded with glycine-modified graphene oxide and nanogold-deposited graphene oxide with substantially enhanced conductivity, mechanical strength, and thermal stability.
Filamentous virus decoration with gold nanoparticles: global fingerprints of bionanocomposites acquired with SERS
Authors: Montalvan-Sorrosa D. , González-Solis J. L. , Mas-Oliva J. , Castillo R.
Published: October 2014

A bioconjugation reaction is used to obtain fd viruses with one gold nanoparticle at the tip and gold nanowire-like structures.
Twin applications of highly selective Cu2+fluorescent chemosensor and cytotoxicity of 2-(2-phenylhydrazono)-1H-indene-1,3(2H)-dione and 2-(2-(4-methoxyphenyl)hydrazono)-1H-indene-1,3(2H)-dione: molecular docking and DFT studies
Authors: Subhasri Annamalai , Anbuselvan Chinnadurai , Rajendraprasad Nagarajen
Published: October 2014

Turn on chemosensor for paramagnetic Cu2+have been developed based on indene 1,3-dione. Their ability to inhibit KB cell, molecular docking and DFT studies also carried out.
Substituent dependent tunable fluorescence in thieno[3,2-c]pyrans
Authors: Sahu Satya Narayan , Gupta Maneesh Kumar , Jadhav Thaksen , Yadav Pratik , Singh Surjeet , Misra Rajneesh , Pratap Ramendra
Published: October 2014

A series of thieno[3,2-c]pyrans were designed and synthesized by l-proline catalyzed reaction which exhibits substituent dependent fluorescence.
Tuning the size and upconversion emission of NaYF4:Yb3+/Pr3+ nanoparticles through Yb3+ doping
Authors: Hao Shuwei , Shao Wei , Qiu Hailong , Shang Yunfei , Fan Rongwei , Guo Xuyun , Zhao Lili , Chen Guanying , Yang Chunhui
Published: October 2014

We introduce a simple method to tune the resulting size as well as the upconversion luminescence of NaYF4:Yb3+/Pr3+ nanoparticles through varying the sensitizer ytterbium concentration.
Synthesis of yellow and red fluorescent 1,3a,6a-triazapentalenes and the theoretical investigation of their optical properties
Authors: Namba Kosuke , Osawa Ayumi , Nakayama Akira , Mera Akane , Tano Fumi , Chuman Yoshiro , Sakuda Eri , Taketsugu Tetsuya , Sakaguchi Kazuyasu , Kitamura Noboru , Tanino Keiji
Published: October 2014

To expand the function of the fluorescent 1,3a,6a-triazapentalenes as labelling reagents, their fluorescence wavelength was extended to the red color region.
Solution scattering studies of the hierarchical assembly of porphyrin trimers based on benzene triscarboxamide
Authors: van Hameren Richard , van Buul Arend M. , Visser Dirk , Heenan Richard K. , King Stephen M. , Rowan Alan E. , Nolte Roeland J. M. , Pyckhout-Hintzen Wim , Elemans Johannes A. A. W. , Feiters Martin C.
Published: October 2014

Columnar stacks are intermediates in the solvent-dependent self-assembly of benzene triscarboxamides to more highly organized structures such as gels.
Tuning the structure and property of nanostructured cathode materials of lithium ion and lithium sulfur batteries
Authors: Xu Gui-Liang , Wang Qi , Fang Jun-Chuan , Xu Yue-Feng , Li Jun-Tao , Huang Ling , Sun Shi-Gang
Published: October 2014

Recent progress and challenges in the structural design and electrochemical performance of layered cathode, LiFePO4, spinel cathode and sulfur cathode are presented.
Direct support mixture painting, using Pd(0) organo-metallic compounds – an easy and environmentally sound approach to combine decoration and electrode preparation for fuel cells
Authors: Nitze Florian , Sandström Robin , Barzegar Hamid Reza , Hu Guangzhi , Mazurkiewicz Marta , Małolepszy Artur , Stobinski Leszek , Wågberg Thomas
Published: October 2014

High performance membrane electrode assemblies for direct formic acid fuel cells are prepared by a direct painting method.
Observation of lithiation-induced structural variations in TiO2 nanotube arrays by X-ray absorption fine structure
Authors: Wang Dongniu , Liu Lijia , Sun Xueliang , Sham Tsun-Kong
Published: October 2014

A detailed X-ray absorption fine structure study on amorphous and anatase TiO2 nanotube arrays reveals the structural variation in titanate framework and lithium arrangement during the lithiation process.
Nondoped deep-blue spirofluorenexanthene-based green organic semiconductors (GOS) via a pot, atom and step economic (PASE) route combining direct arylation with tandem reaction
Authors: Sun Ming-Li , Zhu Wen-Sai , Zhang Zhen-Song , Ou Chang-Jin , Xie Ling-Hai , Yang Yang , Qian Yan , Zhao Yi , Huang Wei
Published: October 2014

We demonstrated a PASE route by combining direct arylation with one-pot/tandem reaction to synthesize a GOS DSFX-TFB for OLEDs with EQE of 4.1%.
Highly luminescent dual mode rare-earth nanorod assisted multi-stage excitable security ink for anti-counterfeiting applications
Authors: Kumar Pawan , Dwivedi Jaya , Gupta Bipin Kumar
Published: October 2014

Demonstration of new strategy for designing multi-stage excitable highly-luminescent Y2O3:Yb3+/Er3+ nanorod assisted security ink for protection against counterfeiting.
Diethylamino functionalized tetraphenylethenes: structural and electronic modulation of photophysical properties, implication for the CIE mechanism and application to cell imaging
Authors: Lin Yiliu , Chen Gan , Zhao Lifang , Yuan Wang Zhang , Zhang Yongming , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: October 2014

Photophysical properties of TPE derivatives can be effectively modulated through decoration of TPE with diethylamino, fluorine and cyano moieties.
The RED light is on! New tools for monitoring Ca2+ dynamics in the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria
Authors: Marchi Saverio , Pinton Paolo
Published: October 2014

In this issue of the Biochemical Journal, Wu et al. describe the characterization of new low-affinity Ca2+ indicators for monitoring Ca2+ levels in both the ER (endoplasmic reticulum) and mitochondria. In contrast with other ER Ca2+ sensors, these indicators emit in the red part of the spectrum, allowing for their use in combination with GFP-based probes and expanding the genetically encoded tool kit for the measurement of Ca2+ inside organelles.
Distributed adaptive coordinated tracking for coupled non‐holonomic mobile robots
Authors: Qiu Yilong , Xiang Linying
Published: October 2014

In this study, a coordinated tracking control problem is studied for coupled non‐holonomic mobile robots with limited information of a reference trajectory. A distributed control law with adaptive time‐varying gains is proposed to guarantee that the robots can form a prespecified geometric pattern while the centroid of the geometric pattern can track the reference signal. By designing the adaptive control gains, the control algorithm of this paper does not require the global knowledge of the upper bound of the leader's control input. Both continuous and discontinuous adaptive protocols are proposed in this study. Finally, simulation examples are presented to verify the theoretical results.
Optimal control over a lossy communication network based on linear predictive compensation
Authors: He Lidong , Han Dongfang , Wang Xiaofan
Published: October 2014

This study investigates the linear quadratic Gaussian state regulation problem over a packet‐dropping network. A linear predictive compensation scheme is proposed to counteract the uncontrollable packet loss. To characterise the operating state of the system, differently from the widely used Markov jump linear systems theory or multi‐mode Markov chain, in this study the actual control command executed to the plant is expressed as a stochastic sequence. Moreover, the original information set is divided into several subsets, which benefits to establish the quantitative relationship between the infinite‐horizon quadratic performance index and the prediction horizon. A numerical example is provided to show that there exists an optimal prediction horizon to minimise the performance index.
Computing the L∞ ‐induced norm of linear time‐invariant systems via Kernel approximation and its comparison with input approximation
Authors: Kim Jung Hoon , Hagiwara Tomomichi
Published: October 2014

This study deals with the L1 analysis of stable finite‐dimensional linear time‐invariant (LTI) systems, by which the authors mean the computation of the L∞ ‐induced norm of these systems. To compute this norm, they need to integrate the absolute value of the impulse response of the given system, which corresponds to the kernel function in the convolution formula for the input/output relation. However, it is very difficult to compute this integral exactly or even approximately with an explicit upper bound and lower bound. They first review an approach named input approximation, in which the input of the LTI system is approximated by a staircase or piecewise linear function and computation methods for an upper bound and lower bound of the L∞ ‐induced norm are given. They further develop another approach using an idea of kernel approximation, in which the kernel function in the convolution is approximated by a staircase or piecewise linear function. These approaches are introduced through fast‐lifting, by which the interval [0, h) with a sufficiently large h is divided into M subintervals with an equal width. It is then shown that the approximation errors in staircase or piecewise linear approximation are ensured to be reciprocally proportional to M or M2, respectively. The effectiveness of the proposed methods is demonstrated through numerical examples.
Non‐linear Mittag–Leffler stabilisation of commensurate fractional‐order non‐linear systems
Authors: Ding Dongsheng , Qi Donglian , Wang Qiao
Published: October 2014

Mittag–Leffler stability is a property of fractional‐order dynamical systems, also called fractional Lyapunov stability, requiring the evolution of the positive‐definite functions to be Mittag–Leffler, rather than the exponential meaning in Lyapunov stability theory. Similarly, fractional Lyapunov function plays an important role in the study of Mittag–Leffler stability. The aim of this study is to create closed‐loop systems for commensurate fractional‐order non‐linear systems (FONSs) with Mittag–Leffler stability. We extend the classical backstepping to fractional‐order backstepping for stabilising (uncertain) FONSs. For this purpose, several conditions of control fractional Lyapunov functions for FONSs are investigated in terms of Mittag–Leffler stability. Within this framework, (uncertain) FONSs Mittag–Leffler stabilisation is solved via fractional‐order backstepping and the global convergence of closed‐loop systems is guaranteed. Finally, the efficiency and applicability of the proposed fractional‐order backstepping are demonstrated in several examples.
Preparation of high filling ratio Fe2O3@MWCNTs composite particles and catalytic performance on thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate
Authors: Renpeng Wang , Zhaoqian Li , Yongjun Ma , Fengqi Zhao , Chonghua Pei
Published: October 2014

Iron oxide‐filled multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (Fe2O3@MWCNTs) composite particles were produced by a mild and superior physical absorption method using molten Fe(NO3)3 ·9H2O as the precursor. Characterisation of Fe2O3@MWCNTs composite particles was performed by X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and thermogravimetry‐differential scanning calorimetry. The results showed a large number of hematite phase Fe2O3 were uniformly filled in the MWCNTs, and the mass fraction of Fe2O3 was about 25.8 wt%. Furthermore, in the presence of 10 wt% Fe2O3@MWCNTs composite particles, the peak temperature of the high‐temperature decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) decreased by 116°C, the peak of the low‐temperature decomposition disappeared and the amount of AP heat released was increased about 200 kJ/mol.
Formation and antibacterial action of Pt and Pd nanoparticles sputtered into liquid
Authors: Staszek Marek , Siegel Jakub , Kolářová Kateřina , Rimpelová Silvie , Švorčík Václav
Published: October 2014

A report is presented on the antibacterial activity of platinum and palladium nanoparticles (NPs) prepared by direct sputtering into glycerol. Prepared platinum faceted NPs (n = 500) with the diameter of (1.7 ± 0.3) nm and palladium faceted NPs (n = 500) with the diameter of (2.4 ± 0.4) nm were investigated. The size and shape of NPs were studied by transmission electron microscopy. Moreover, the size and its distribution were studied by dynamic light scattering. The concentration of metal NPs in prepared solutions was determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The optical properties of aqueous NP solutions were studied by UV–vis absorption spectroscopy. Antibacterial properties were tested against two common pollutants (E. coli DBM 3138, a Gram‐negative bacteria and S. epidermidis DBM 3179, a Gram‐positive bacteria). Owing to the increasing resistance of bacteria strains to common antibiotics, this study may provide an alternative way to fight these pollutants.
Bottom‐inlet‐type micro‐electro‐mechanical system acoustic sensors based on two polyimide/amorphous‐Si sacrificial layers
Authors: Lee Jaewoo , Je Changhan , Kim Yi‐Gyeong , Lee Sung Q , Yang Woo‐Seok , Lee Sang‐Gug
Published: October 2014

A bottom‐inlet‐type micro‐electro‐mechanical system acoustic sensor based on two polyimide/a‐Si sacrificial layers is presented. A diaphragm was adapted to be on the top side of the sacrificial layers, showing the bottom‐inlet structure for the package, which has the sensitivity of more than 3 dB compared with that of the top‐inlet type. Also, the fundamental CMOS process implemented with Al electrodes was applied to have simple releasing steps by O2 ashing and XeF2 isotropic etching because of their material etching selectivity. The sensor module had a sensitivity of −38.9 dBV/Pa at 1 kHz with a bias of 9.2 V in the sweep range from 100 Hz to 16 kHz. In addition, to evaluate the open‐circuit sensitivity, structure‐based equivalent circuit modelling was performed with lumped parameters. The modelled sensitivity was in good agreement with the measured sensitivity in the error rate of 4.3% under 8 kHz, demonstrating the validity of the modelling. The modelled open‐circuit sensitivity was determined to be −37.2 dBV/Pa at 1 kHz using the proposed lumped model.
Mental Illness in Ireland: Simulating its Geographical Prevalence and the Role of Access to Services
Authors: Morrissey Karyn , Clarke Graham , Williamson Paul , Daly Antoinette , O'Donoghue Cathal
Published: October 2014

Traditionally, Ireland has reported high rates of admissions to acute psychiatric facilities for mental illness in general. However, data limitations mean that there has been no research on the role of access and proximity on rates of admissions to acute psychiatric facilities. The Simulation Model of the Irish Local Economy (SMILE) produces synthetic small-area-level microdata on self-reported rates of depression. The National Psychiatric Inpatient Reporting System (NPIRS) contains spatially referenced data on admissions to acute psychiatric services (both public and private) by diagnosis. Combining the NPIRS and SMILE datasets using propensity score-matching techniques produces a small-area profile of individuals with depression that includes those who have accessed an acute psychiatric facility as well as those who have not. Linking the NPIRS and SMILE datasets allows one to examine the differential characteristics that lead individuals with depression to seek acute psychiatric services and, importantly, to see if access to these services is a confounding factor. Our finding is that access, as measured in terms of road distance, has a significant positive impact on individuals with depression using an acute psychiatric facility.
Day-to-Day Interpersonal and Intrapersonal Variability of Individuals' Activity Spaces in a Developing Country
Authors: Dharmowijoyo Dimas B E , Susilo Yusak O , Karlström Anders
Published: October 2014

Using the SITRAMP dataset, which was collected in the Jakarta metropolitan area, Indonesia, over four consecutive days, this study examines day-to-day variability of individuals' activity spaces. The impact of individual heterogeneity and variability of transport network conditions on day-to-day variability of activity spaces is also investigated. Results show that individuals' activity spaces vary from day to day and between different individuals. The activity space of other household members was found to be the most significant factor influencing an individual's activity space. Against the common belief in developing countries that better traffic conditions make individuals travel farther, results show that higher road-network travel speed and better road surface conditions within the home zones actually encourage individuals to visit a more compact set of activity locations and/or visit fewer activity locations. Smoother road surface conditions and higher travel speeds within home zones also bring the centroid of activity locations closer to individuals' home locations. Furthermore, day-to-day variability analysis of individual activity spaces showed that weekday activity spaces are more compact than those at weekends. Moreover, it was found that students' activity spaces show most variability, while those of nonworkers have the lowest variability.
Reconciling User Benefit and Time-Geography-Based Individual Accessibility Measures
Authors: Jonsson Daniel , Karlström Anders , Oshyani Masoud Fadaei , Olsson Per
Published: October 2014

This paper presents a dynamic discrete choice model of activity scheduling that features classic time-geography properties within a microeconomic framework. We present results that show how the model can produce accessibilities that form space-time prisms, while retaining the properties of traditional measures based on consumer surplus in the form of logsums. The main features of the model are that it handles time-space constraints, travel time uncertainty, and endogenous trip chaining in one consistent framework. The resulting accessibility respects the individual's time budget and fixed activities. The dynamic discrete choice framework makes possible estimation of behavioural parameters using well-known methods. Some of the remaining computational challenges are discussed. The final section provides some examples of the policy analysis possibilities provided by a model of this kind.
On the Spatiotemporal Dynamics of the Coupling between Land Use and Road Networks: Does Political History Matter?
Authors: Chaudhuri Gargi , Clarke Keith C
Published: October 2014

The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of political history on the dynamics of the interrelationship between land use and road networks within cities. Political history, in this study, is defined as the combination of the regional-level government programs and political events that affect the pattern of urbanization in a region. The study focused on urbanization in the cities of Pordenone and Gorizia, both situated in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region of northeastern Italy, over the period 1950–2000. Being located adjacent to an international boundary, the city of Gorizia has a long history of political instability dating back to the beginning of the 20th century. It is assumed that this political instability has led to the application of differential socioeconomic policies which have affected the process of urbanization in the city. The aim of the study was to capture this effect by investigating the structural changes over the period of fifty years in both land use and the road network. In order to understand the extent of the effect Pordenone was used for comparison, since it has experienced a relatively peaceful past and regular growth. MOLAND (monitoring land-use/cover dynamics) data for land use and the road network were used for the study. Graph theory measures were used for a comparative analysis of the structural properties of road networks in both cities and their development over time. In order to understand the spatial relationship between change in land use and the road network, a nonparametric test of the spatial correspondence of areal distribution was used and tested at multiple spatial scales. The results suggest that political history does affect the land-use and road-network changes individually, but it did not affect the type of spatial relationship that exists between the two for those particular cities. This research makes a unique attempt to analyze the impact of policy on land-use and road-network change by using spatial data and methods of analysis which can help to understand their overall dynamics and that can be used as an alternative to data-intensive and time-intensive simulation models.
Compensating for length biases in underwater visual census of fishes using stereo video measurements
Authors: Davis Tom , Harasti David , Smith Stephen D. A.
Published: October 2014

Underwater visual census (UVC) is a widely used technique for estimating species richness, abundance, and lengths of reef fishes. The technique has the advantage of being non-destructive, and can therefore be used for monitoring in marine protected areas. However, acquisition of robust data using UVC is reliant on the ability of individual divers to accurately identify fish, and estimate their lengths. Both of these variables can be affected by observer bias, which may also differ among observers. This study examines a technique with the potential to quantify and correct for observer bias in individual divers. We used simultaneous diver-operated stereo video and underwater visual census surveys, and compared the results to generate diver-specific correction factors. These correction factors were subsequently applied in additional estimates of fish length, with measurable improvement in the accuracy of the data.
Herders’ perception of climate change does not always fit with actual climate change
Authors: Li Xiliang , Wang Zhen , Hou Xiangyang , Liu Zhiying , Sarula  , Yin Yanting , Ding Yong , Hu Jing
Published: October 2014

Herders’ perceptions are important in relation to adopting adaptive behavioural approaches to climate change. A survey of 1080 herder households was conducted in six rangeland regions of Inner Mongolia in northern China to investigate relationships between herder’s perceptions and actual climate change. Across all six regions, more than 90% of herders perceived a decline in precipitation in the past 30 years, whereas actual data showed no significant change. Many herders also perceived an increase in temperature, which was in agreement with the temperature data, although the proportion of herders who perceived a change in temperature differed among regions. A further survey of 58 households was conducted to better understand the reasons for these differences, by simultaneously surveying their perceptions of the changes in both rainfall and rangeland condition. The results showed that the herders’ perceptions of a decrease in rainfall could be influenced by their perceptions of the changes in the condition of their rangeland (reductions in production). An alternative explanation could relate to rainfall being interpreted in terms of the frequency and pattern rather than the absolute amounts. These findings have important implications for understanding how herders’ perceptions can improve their adaptive behavioural responses to climate change.
Single-cell analyses of transcriptional heterogeneity during drug tolerance transition in cancer cells by RNA sequencing
Authors: Lee Mei-Chong Wendy , Lopez-Diaz Fernando J. , Khan Shahid Yar , Tariq Muhammad Akram , Dayn Yelena , Vaske Charles Joseph , Radenbaugh Amie J. , Kim Hyunsung John , Emerson Beverly M. , Pourmand Nader
Published: October 2014

Significance

Tumor cells are heterogeneous, and much variation occurs at the single-cell level, which may contribute to therapeutic response. Here, we studied drug resistance dynamics in a model of tolerance with a metastatic breast cancer cell line by leveraging the power of single-cell RNA-Seq technology. Drug-tolerant cells within a single clone rapidly express high cell-to-cell transcript variability, with a gene expression profile similar to untreated cells, and the population reacquires paclitaxel sensitivity. Our gene expression and single nucleotide variants analyses suggest that equivalent phenotypes are achieved without relying on a unique molecular event or fixed transcriptional programs. Thus, transcriptional heterogeneity might ensure survival of cancer cells with equivalent combinations of gene expression programs and/or single nucleotide variants.
Mitochondrial COQ9 is a lipid-binding protein that associates with COQ7 to enable coenzyme Q biosynthesis
Authors: Lohman Danielle C. , Forouhar Farhad , Beebe Emily T. , Stefely Matthew S. , Minogue Catherine E. , Ulbrich Arne , Stefely Jonathan A. , Sukumar Shravan , Luna-Sánchez Marta , Jochem Adam , Lew Scott , Seetharaman Jayaraman , Xiao Rong , Wang Huang , Westphall Michael S. , Wrobel Russell L. , Everett John K. , Mitchell Julie C. , López Luis C. , Coon Joshua J. , Tong Liang , Pagliarini David J.
Published: October 2014

Significance

Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is a requisite component of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation machinery that produces more than 90% of cellular ATP. Despite the discovery of CoQ more than 50 years ago, many aspects of its biosynthesis remain obscure. These include the functions of uncharacterized CoQ-related proteins whose disruption can cause human diseases. Our work reveals that one such protein, COQ9, is a lipid-binding protein that enables CoQ biosynthesis through its physical and functional interaction with COQ7, and via its stabilization of the entire CoQ biosynthetic complex. Unexpectedly, COQ9 achieves these functions by repurposing an ancient bacterial fold typically used for transcriptional regulation. Collectively, our work adds new insight into a core component of the CoQ biosynthesis process.
Monitoring the enzyme expression in a respiratory chain of Corynebacterium glutamicum in a copper ion-supplemented culture medium
Authors: Kusumoto Tomoichirou , Aoyagi Makoto , Sugiyama Takahiko , Sakamoto Junshi
Published: October 2014

Corynebacterium glutamicum has a branched respiratory chain: one of the branches is cytochrome bcc complex and cytochrome aa3-type cytochrome c oxidase, and the other is cytochrome bd-type menaquinol oxidase. The factors that influence the expression patterns of these respiratory enzymes remain unclear. To investigate the expressional control mechanism of the enzymes, we have previously constructed a promoter assay system utilizing enhanced green fluorescence protein. Here, we monitored respiratory enzymes’ expression by using this system during growth in various culture media, with and without Cu2+ ion supplementation. The promoter activities of cytochrome aa3 oxidase in the early stationary phase in the media supplemented with Cu2+ ion at 40 or 400 μM were significantly increased 1.49-fold or 1.99-fold, respectively, as compared to the control. Moreover, the H+/O ratio, or the proton-pumping activity of the cells, increased about 1.6 times by the Cu2+ supplementation. These facts indicate that copper ions can switch the branches.
Evaluation of Hydrogenated Soybean Oil in Feeds for Hybrid Striped Bass Fed in Conjunction with Finishing Periods of Different Durations
Authors: Kanczuzewski Kenson , Trushenski Jesse T
Published: October 2014

We evaluated the production performance and tissue composition of hybrid striped bass, i.e., sunshine bass (female White Bass Morone chrysops × male Striped Bass M. saxatilis (initial weight = 110.6 g) raised to a marketable size (final weight = 575 g) on grow-out feeds containing graded levels of fish oil and hydrogenated soybean oil (100% fish oil, 50% fish oil and 50% soybean oil, 25% fish oil and 75% soybean oil, or 100% soybean oil) in conjunction with finishing periods of different durations (4, 8, or 12 weeks of feeding the 100% fish oil feed prior to harvest). Production performance varied significantly among the feeding regimens, but none of the experimental groups were significantly different from the 100% fish oil control group. However, performance tended to follow fish oil consumption, with regimens providing more fish oil during grow-out yielding marginally superior growth and growth efficiency. Fillet fatty acid profiles varied considerably among the regimens prior to finishing. Fillets of fish fed diets containing increasing amounts of hydrogenated soybean oil contained more monounsaturated fatty acids (18:1[n-9]) and (n-6) and fatty acids (18:2[n-6]) and less long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and (n-3) fatty acids (20:5[n-3] and 22:6[n-3]). Despite major differences in dietary levels of saturated fatty acids (SFAs), fillet levels of SFAs did not vary appreciably. Profile differences arising during grow out were reversed by finishing, to a greater or lesser extent, depending on the magnitude of prefinishing profile distortion and the duration of the finishing period. Utilization of hydrogenated soybean oil merits further consideration and research, but our results suggest that this feedstuff has value as a supplemental lipid source, if not a complete fish oil substitute, in feeds for hybrid striped bass.
Obesity‐Related Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Rats Correlates with Increased Circulating Inflammatory Cytokines and Lipids and with Oxidant Damage in the Arterial Wall but not with Hypoxia
Authors: Irwin David C. , Garat Chrystelle V. , Crossno Joseph T. , MacLean Paul S. , Sullivan Timothy M. , Erickson Paul F. , Jackman Matthew R. , Harral Julie W. , Reusch Jane E. B. , Klemm Dwight J.
Published: October 2014

Obesity is causally linked to a number of comorbidities, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, renal dysfunction, and cancer. Obesity has also been linked to pulmonary disorders, including pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). It was long believed that obesity‐related PAH was the result of hypoventilation and hypoxia due to the increased mechanical load of excess body fat. However, in recent years it has been proposed that the metabolic and inflammatory disturbances of obesity may also play a role in the development of PAH. To determine whether PAH develops in obese rats in the absence of hypoxia, we assessed pulmonary hemodynamics and pulmonary artery (PA) structure in the diet‐resistant/diet‐induced obesity (DR/DIO) and Zucker lean/fatty rat models. We found that high‐fat feeding (DR/DIO) or overfeeding (Zucker) elicited PA remodeling, neomuscularization of distal arterioles, and elevated PA pressure, accompanied by right ventricular (RV) hypertrophy. PA thickening and distal neomuscularization were also observed in DIO rats on a low‐fat diet. No evidence of hypoventilation or chronic hypoxia was detected in either model, nor was there a correlation between blood glucose or insulin levels and PAH. However, circulating inflammatory cytokine levels were increased with high‐fat feeding or calorie overload, and hyperlipidemia and oxidant damage in the PA wall correlated with PAH in the DR/DIO model. We conclude that hyperlipidemia and peripheral inflammation correlate with the development of PAH in obese subjects. Obesity‐related inflammation may predispose to PAH even in the absence of hypoxia.
Categorification of quantum Kac-Moody superalgebras
Authors: Hill David , Wang Weiqiang
Published: October 2014

We introduce a non-degenerate bilinear form and use it to provide a new characterization of quantum Kac-Moody superalgebras of anisotropic type. We show that the spin quiver Hecke algebras introduced by Kang, Kashiwara and Tsuchioka provide a categorification of half the quantum Kac-Moody superalgebras, using the recent work of Ellis-Khovanov-Lauda. A new idea here is that a supersign is categorified as spin (i.e., the parity-shift functor).
Climate Change: A Very Short Introduction
Authors: Maslin Mark
Published: October 2014

Climate change is still, arguably, the most critical and controversial issue facing the world in the twenty-first century. Previously published as Global Warming: A Very Short Introduction, the new title of this VSI reflects an important change in the terminology of the last decade. Climate Change: A Very Short introduction includes crucial updates from the last few years, including the results of the 2013 IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, the effects of ocean acidification, and the impact of changes to global population and health. Exploring all of the key topics in the debate, it makes sense of the complexities climate change involves, from political and social issues to environmental and scientific. Looking at the predicted impacts of climate change, it explores all of the controversies, and also explains the various proposed solutions.
A5-miseq: an updated pipeline to assemble microbial genomes from Illumina MiSeq data
Authors: Coil David , Jospin Guillaume , Darling Aaron E.
Published: October 2014

Motivation: Open-source bacterial genome assembly remains inaccessible to many biologists because of its complexity. Few software solutions exist that are capable of automating all steps in the process of de novo genome assembly from Illumina data.

Results: A5-miseq can produce high-quality microbial genome assemblies on a laptop computer without any parameter tuning. A5-miseq does this by automating the process of adapter trimming, quality filtering, error correction, contig and scaffold generation and detection of misassemblies. Unlike the original A5 pipeline, A5-miseq can use long reads from the Illumina MiSeq, use read pairing information during contig generation and includes several improvements to read trimming. Together, these changes result in substantially improved assemblies that recover a more complete set of reference genes than previous methods.

Availability: A5-miseq is licensed under the GPL open-source license. Source code and precompiled binaries for Mac OS X 10.6+ and Linux 2.6.15+ are available from http://sourceforge.net/projects/ngopt

Contact: aaron.darling@uts.edu.au

Supplementary information:  Supplementary Data are available at Bioinformatics online.