bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Leader Nguyen Ai Quoc’s and the Communist Party’s experiences to mobilize intellectuals in the struggle for national liberation (1930-1945)
Authors: Dang Phuong Thi Minh
Published: October 2018

During the struggle for national liberation, to seize the power back to the people, from 1930 to 1945, being propagandized and advocated by the Communist Party, a large part of patriotic intellectuals and progressives joined in the people's patriotic movement and revolution, accompanied the nation, significantly contributed to the struggle against colonialism, restored and developed the revolutionary movement, protected the Party, prepared Forces for all aspects of the preparation of the general uprising, contributed to the victory of the August 1945 Revolution and established the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. The Party’s mobilization of intellectuals from 1930 to 1945 brought many of the Party's creations and Ho Chi Minh's ideology to life in building and promoting the precious traditional values of the nation and the power of the bloc of great national unity based on Marxism-Leninism and Vietnamese patriotism.
Lotus symbol in jewelry art of Oc Eo culture
Authors: Pham Thao Thi Ngoc
Published: October 2018

Gold plaques are the most special artifacts from Oc Eo culture because of their huge quantities& their appearances in many places of Southern Viet Nam. They were made for religious purpose. Most of them were buried under the temple centre during construction. These gold plaques were contributed by one or more prayers who believed the gold would stay with God forever. The prayers also believed that they would have good fortune after offering gold plaques to God. The Oc Eo gold plaque technique was imported from the neighbouring cultures such as India or Java. Lotus is one of the symbols which is usually found on these artifacts. They call Lotus the God Flower because it has quality good enough for praying. The finding of a lot of gold plaques strongly demonstrates that a powerful Kingdom of Funan did exist in the South of Viet Nam.
PERAN BUDAYA DALAM MEMPENGARUHI DAYA TARIK DAN DAYA SAING DESTINASI WISATA
Authors: Wibawanto Sigit
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTThe writing of this article aims to see how culture has a role for the country and the region in the development of tourism. Relation approach of tourism and culture is many and varied. Culture touches every aspect of human life and all tourism is considered as cultural tourism. This is because all human movements boost individual culture and generate new knowledge, experience, and meetings among individuals. Today many countries and regions compete to attract people, visitors, and investments. In tourism, traditional factor conditions become the most important element of attraction, both in terms of natural factors (such as beaches, climate, etc.) and the created factors (such as cultural attractions, events, etc.). Therefore, in order to be able to mobilize more from this tourism sector, all these factors must be improved in order to be more effective through industry restructuration, product innovation, and competitiveness. This review shows the conclusions of the importance of culture and tourism as drivers of attractiveness and competitiveness. Most countries and regions are active in developing tangible and intangible cultural assets to develop a comparative advantage of the tourism market. Cultural tourism is one of the fastest and largest in increasing the growth of the global tourism market and the cultural industry, as well as increasingly being used to promote and enhance the competitiveness and attractiveness of the region. The policy implications that can be done are to build partnerships created to support collaboration and build mechanisms to run effectively.Key words: Culture, Tourism, Fascination and Competitiveness
Tipburn Severity and Calcium Distribution in Lisianthus (Eustoma Grandiflorum (Raf.) Shinn.) Cultivars under Different Relative Air Humidity Conditions
Authors: Kuronuma Takanori , Watanabe Yua , Ando Masaya , Watanabe Hitoshi
Published: October 2018

Tipburn is a major problem for the production of lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum (Raf.) Shinn.) cultivars. Relative air humidity is regarded as a key environmental factor affecting tipburn severity in commercial crops. However, there are limited studies comparing the occurrence of tipburn and calcium (Ca) distribution in lisianthus cultivars under different relative air humidity conditions. Accordingly, we investigated the effect of relative air humidity on tipburn severity, transpiration rate, and Ca content in seven lisianthus cultivars. Under a high humidity treatment (70%), only two cultivars (“Voyage pink” (VP) and “Azuma-no-kaori” (AK)) showed significantly higher tipburn severity than those under a low humidity treatment (50%), which suggests that high humidity conditions do not always increase tipburn severity in lisianthus. Transpiration rates of all cultivars, except for AK, were either significantly lower under the high humidity treatment than under the low humidity treatment, or did not vary significantly between the treatments. In contrast, total Ca concentrations in all cultivars, except for “Piccolosa snow” (PS), were significantly higher under the high humidity treatment than under the low humidity treatment. These results suggest that Ca acquisition and distribution in lisianthus cultivars are strongly influenced by Ca uptake from root pressure.
New Spaces for Old Motifs? The Virtual Worlds of Japanese Cyberpunk
Authors: Taillandier Denis
Published: October 2018

North-American cyberpunk’s recurrent use of high-tech Japan as “the default setting for the future,” has generated a Japonism reframed in technological terms. While the renewed representations of techno-Orientalism have received scholarly attention, little has been said about literary Japanese science fiction. This paper attempts to discuss the transnational construction of Japanese cyberpunk through Masaki Gorō’s Venus City (Vīnasu Shiti, 1992) and Tobi Hirotaka’s Angels of the Forsaken Garden series (Haien no tenshi, 2002–). Elaborating on Tatsumi’s concept of synchronicity, it focuses on the intertextual dynamics that underlie the shaping of those texts to shed light on Japanese cyberpunk’s (dis)connections to techno-Orientalism as well as on the relationships between literary works, virtual worlds and reality.
Probing the Occurrence of Soluble Oligomers through Amyloid Aggregation Scaling Laws
Authors: Silva Alexandra , Sárkány Zsuzsa , Fraga Joana S. , Taboada Pablo , Macedo-Ribeiro Sandra , Martins Pedro M.
Published: October 2018

Drug discovery frequently relies on the kinetic analysis of physicochemical reactions that are at the origin of the disease state. Amyloid fibril formation has been extensively investigated in relation to prevalent and rare neurodegenerative diseases, but thus far no therapeutic solution has directly arisen from this knowledge. Other aggregation pathways producing smaller, hard-to-detect soluble oligomers are increasingly appointed as the main reason for cell toxicity and cell-to-cell transmissibility. Here we show that amyloid fibrillation kinetics can be used to unveil the protein oligomerization state. This is illustrated for human insulin and ataxin-3, two model proteins for which the amyloidogenic and oligomeric pathways are well characterized. Aggregation curves measured by the standard thioflavin-T (ThT) fluorescence assay are shown to reflect the relative composition of protein monomers and soluble oligomers measured by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) for human insulin, and by dynamic light scattering (DLS) for ataxin-3. Unconventional scaling laws of kinetic measurables were explained using a single set of model parameters consisting of two rate constants, and in the case of ataxin-3, an additional order-of-reaction. The same fitted parameters were used in a discretized population balance that adequately describes time-course measurements of fibril size distributions. Our results provide the opportunity to study oligomeric targets using simple, high-throughput compatible, biophysical assays.
Crosstalk between NF-κB and Nucleoli in the Regulation of Cellular Homeostasis
Authors: Chen Jingyu , Stark Lesley A.
Published: October 2018

Nucleoli are emerging as key sensors of cellular stress and regulators of the downstream consequences on proliferation, metabolism, senescence, and apoptosis. NF-κB signalling is activated in response to a similar plethora of stresses, which leads to modulation of cell growth and death programs. While nucleolar and NF-κB pathways are distinct, it is increasingly apparent that they converge at multiple levels. Exposure of cells to certain insults causes a specific type of nucleolar stress that is characterised by degradation of the PolI complex component, TIF-IA, and increased nucleolar size. Recent studies have shown that this atypical nucleolar stress lies upstream of cytosolic IκB degradation and NF-κB nuclear translocation. Under these stress conditions, the RelA component of NF-κB accumulates within functionally altered nucleoli to trigger a nucleophosmin dependent, apoptotic pathway. In this review, we will discuss these points of crosstalk and their relevance to anti-tumour mechanism of aspirin and small molecule CDK4 inhibitors. We will also briefly the discuss how crosstalk between nucleoli and NF-κB signalling may be more broadly relevant to the regulation of cellular homeostasis and how it may be exploited for therapeutic purpose.
TiO2 Nanocrystal Based Coatings for the Protection of Architectural Stone: The Effect of Solvents in the Spray-Coating Application for a Self-Cleaning Surfaces
Authors: Petronella Francesca , Pagliarulo Antonella , Truppi Alessandra , Lettieri Mariateresa , Masieri Maurizio , Calia Angela , Curri M. Lucia , Comparelli Roberto
Published: October 2018

A colloidal route was exploited to synthesize TiO2 anisotropic nanocrystal rods in shape (TiO2 NRs) with a surface chemistry suited for their dispersibility and processability in apolar organic solvents. TiO2 NRs were dispersed in chloroform and n-heptane, respectively, and the two resulting formulations were investigated to identify the optimal conditions to achieve high-quality TiO2 NR-based coatings by the spray-coating application. In particular, the two types of TiO2 NR dispersions were first sprayed on silicon chips as a model substrate in order to preliminarily investigate the effect of the solvent and of the spraying time on the morphology and uniformity of the resulting coatings. The results of the SEM and AFM characterizations of the obtained coatings indicated n-heptane as the most suited solvent for TiO2 NR dispersion. Therefore, an n-heptane dispersion of TiO2 NRs was sprayed on a highly porous limestone—Lecce stone—very commonly used as building material in historic constructions and monuments present in Apulia Region (Italy). A comprehensive physical-chemical investigation of the TiO2 NR based treatment on the surface of the stone specimens, including measurements of colour variation, static contact angle, water transfer properties, and morphological characterization were performed. Finally, the photocatalytic properties of the coatings were assessed under solar irradiation by using Lecce stone specimens and Methyl Red as a model target compound. The obtained results demonstrated that TiO2 NRs based coatings can be successfully applied by spray-coating resulting in an effective photocatalytic and hydrophobic treatment, which holds great promise as a material for the environmental protection of architectural stone in the field of cultural heritage conservation.
A Broadband THz On-Chip Transition Using a Dipole Antenna with Integrated Balun
Authors: Choe Wonseok , Jeong Jinho
Published: October 2018

A waveguide-to-microstrip transition is an essential component for packaging integrated circuits (ICs) in rectangular waveguides, especially at millimeter-wave and terahertz (THz) frequencies. At THz frequencies, the on-chip transitions, which are monolithically integrated in ICs are preferred to off-chip transitions, as the former can eliminate the wire-bonding process, which can cause severe impedance mismatch and additional insertion loss of the transitions. Therefore, on-chip transitions can allow the production of low cost and repeatable THz modules. However, on-chip transitions show limited performance in insertion loss and bandwidth, more seriously, this is an in-band resonance issue. These problems are mainly caused by the substrate used in the THz ICs, such as an indium phosphide (InP), which exhibits a high dielectric constant, high dielectric loss, and high thickness, compared with the size of THz waveguides. In this work, we propose a broadband THz on-chip transition using a dipole antenna with an integrated balun in the InP substrate. The transition is designed using three-dimensional electromagnetic (EM) simulations based on the equivalent circuit model. We show that in-band resonances can be induced within the InP substrate and also prove that backside vias can effectively eliminate these resonances. Measurement of the fabricated on-chip transition in 250 nm InP heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) technology, shows wideband impedance match and low insertion loss at H-band frequencies (220–320 GHz), without in-band resonances, due to the properly placed backside vias.
Microbiota and Phage Therapy: Future Challenges in Medicine
Authors: Paule Armelle , Frezza Domenico , Edeas Marvin
Published: October 2018

An imbalance of bacterial quantity and quality of gut microbiota has been linked to several pathologies. New strategies of microbiota manipulation have been developed such as fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT); the use of pre/probiotics; an appropriate diet; and phage therapy. The presence of bacteriophages has been largely underestimated and their presence is a relevant component for the microbiome equilibrium. As a promising treatment, phage therapy has been extensively used in Eastern Europe to reduce pathogenic bacteria and has arisen as a new method to modulate microbiota diversity. Phages have been selected and “trained” to infect a wide spectrum of bacteria or tailored to infect specific antibiotic resistant bacteria present in patients. The new development of genetically modified phages may be an efficient tool to treat the gut microbiota dysbiosis associated with different pathologies and increased production of bacterial metabolites and subsequently decrease systemic low-grade chronic inflammation associated with chronic diseases. Microbiota quality and mitochondria dynamics can be remodulated and manipulated by phages to restore the equilibrium and homeostasis of the system. Our aim is to highlight the great interest for phages not only to eliminate and control pathogenic bacterial infection but also in the near future to modulate the microbiota by adding new functions to selected bacteria species and rebalance the dynamic among phages and bacteria. The challenge for the medicine of tomorrow is to re-think and redesign strategies differently and far from our traditional thinking.
Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of Dissimilar Metal Welding of Inconel 625 and AISI 316L
Authors: Dokme Fatih , Kulekci Mustafa , Esme Ugur
Published: October 2018

This study investigated the microstructure of the dissimilar metal welding of Inconel 625 and AISI 316L using Continuous Current Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (CCGTAW) and Pulsed Current Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (PCGTAW) processes with ERNiCr-3, TIG 316L and twisted (ERNiCr-3 and TIG 316L) fillers. Microstructure examinations were carried out using an optical microscope and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)/Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDAX). The results of the study showed the existence of a partially melted zone (PMZ) on the AISI 316L side. Weld zone (WZ) analysis showed the existence of a multi-directional grain growth on the 316L side in all specimens, although less growth was found on the Inconel 625 side. Grain growth almost disappeared using PCGTAW with twisted fillers. SEM/EDAX investigations indicated that secondary deleterious secondary phases were tiny and white in five experiments. However, a meager amount of precipitates occurred in PCGTA welding with twisted fillers. Moreover, these were particularly innocent precipitates, represented by black dots in images, whereas other tiny white secondary phases are known to be brittle. As a result, PCGTA welding with twisted fillers exhibited the best metallurgical properties.
Bioinspired Honokiol Analogs and Their Evaluation for Activity on the Norepinephrine Transporter
Authors: Stout Kristen , Bernaskova Marketa , Miller Gary W. , Hufner Antje , Schuehly Wolfgang
Published: October 2018

In traditional Asian medicinal systems, preparations of the root and stem bark of Magnolia species are widely used to treat anxiety and other nervous disturbances. The biphenyl-type neolignans honokiol and magnolol are the main constituents of Magnolia bark extracts. In the central nervous system, Magnolia bark preparations that contain honokiol are thought to primarily interact with γ-aminobutyric acid A (GABAA) receptors. However, stress responses inherently involve the noradrenergic system, which has not been investigated in the pharmacological mechanism of honokiol. We present here interactions of honokiol and other synthesized biphenyl-type neolignans and diphenylmethane analogs with the norepinephrine transporter (NET), which is responsible for the synaptic clearance of norepinephrine and the target of many anxiolytics. Of the synthesized compounds, 16 are new chemical entities, which are fully characterized. The 52 compounds tested show mild, non-potent interactions with NET (IC50 > 100 µM). It is thus likely that the observed anxiolytic effects of, e.g., Magnolia preparations, are not due to direct interaction with the noradrenergic system.
Molecular Targets Modulated by Fangchinoline in Tumor Cells and Preclinical Models
Authors: Mérarchi Myriam , Sethi Gautam , Fan Lu , Mishra Srishti , Arfuso Frank , Ahn Kwang Seok
Published: October 2018

Despite tremendous progress made during the last few decades in the treatment options for cancer, compounds isolated from Mother Nature remain the mainstay for therapy of various malignancies. Fangchinoline, initially isolated from the dried root of Stephaniae tetrandrine, has been found to exhibit diverse pharmacological effects including significant anticancer activities both in tumor cell lines and selected preclinical models. This alkaloid appears to act by modulating the activation of various important oncogenic molecules involved in tumorigenesis leading to a significant decrease in aberrant proliferation, survival and metastasis of tumor cells. This mini-review briefly describes the potential effects of fangchinoline on important hallmarks of cancer and highlights the molecular targets modulated by this alkaloid in various tumor cell lines and preclinical models.
Ganoderma tsugae Inhibits the SREBP-1/AR Axis Leading to Suppression of Cell Growth and Activation of Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cells
Authors: Huang Shih-Yin , Huang Guan-Jhong , Wu Hsi-Chin , Kao Ming-Ching , Huang Wen-Chin
Published: October 2018

Recent research suggests that the activation of lipid biosynthesis (lipogenesis) is linked with prostate cancer (PCa) malignancy. Sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) is a key transcriptional regulator controlling lipogenesis. Moreover, androgen receptor (AR) has been well defined to play an important role in lethal PCa aggressiveness from androgen-responsive to castration-resistant status. In this study, we showed that the quality-assured Ganoderma tsugae ethanol extract (GTEE), a Chinese natural and herbal product, significantly inhibited expression of SREBP-1 and its downstream genes associated with lipogenesis in PCa cells. Through inhibiting SREBP-1, GTEE reduced the levels of intracellular fatty acids and lipids in PCa cells. Importantly, GTEE also downregulated the expression of AR and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in both androgen-responsive and castration-resistant PCa cells. By blocking the SREBP-1/AR axis, GTEE suppressed cell growth and progressive behaviors, as well as activating the caspase-dependent apoptotic pathway in PCa cells. These data provide a new molecular basis of GTEE for the development of a potential therapeutic approach to treat PCa malignancy.
Application of Neurokinin-1 Receptor in Targeted Strategies for Glioma Treatment. Part I: Synthesis and Evaluation of Substance P Fragments Labeled with 99mTc and 177Lu as Potential Receptor Radiopharmaceuticals
Authors: Majkowska-Pilip Agnieszka , Koźmiński Przemysław , Wawrzynowska Anna , Budlewski Tadeusz , Kostkiewicz Bogusław , Gniazdowska Ewa
Published: October 2018

Gliomas, particularly WHO grade IV glioblastoma multiforme, are one of the most common and aggressive primary tumors of the central nervous system. The neuropeptide, substance P (SP), is the physiological ligand of the neurokinin-1 (NK-1) receptor that is consistently overexpressed in glioblastoma cells. The aim of this work was to study physico-chemical and biological properties of different SP analogues labeled with technetium-99m and lutetium-177 radionuclides. The synthesized compounds were characterized in vitro by partition coefficients (logP) and their stability was investigated in various physiological solutions. Biological properties (Kd, Bmax) were characterized using the U373 MG cell line. The obtained lipophilicity values of the [99mTc]NS3/CN-SP and [177Lu]DOTA-SP radiobioconjugates were in the range of −0.3 to +0.6 and −2.5 to −5.0, respectively. The studied radiobioconjugates were stable in PBS buffer and CSF, as well as in 10 mM histidine and/or cysteine solutions whereas in human serum showed enzymatic biodegradation. [177Lu]DOTA-[Thi8,Met(O2)11]SP(1–11), [177Lu]DOTA-SP(4–11) and [177Lu]DOTA-[Thi8,Met(O2)11]SP(5–11) radiobioconjugates bound specifically to NK-1 receptors expressed on glioblastoma cells with affinity in the nanomolar range. To conclude, the shorter analogues of SP can be used as vectors, nevertheless they still do not fulfil all requirements for preparations in nuclear medicine.
Photo-Crosslinked Polymeric Matrix with Antimicrobial Functions for Excisional Wound Healing in Mice
Authors: Chang Ming-Hsiang , Hsiao Yu-Ping , Hsu Chia-Yen , Lai Ping-Shan
Published: October 2018

Wound infection extends the duration of wound healing and also causes systemic infections such as sepsis, and, in severe cases, may lead to death. Early prevention of wound infection and its appropriate treatment are important. A photoreactive modified gelatin (GE-BTHE) was synthesized by gelatin and a conjugate formed from the 3,3′,4,4′-benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTDA) and the 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA). Herein, we investigated the photocurable polymer solution (GE-BTHE mixture) containing GE-BTHE, poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA), chitosan, and methylene blue (MB), with antimicrobial functions and photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy for wound dressing. This photocurable polymer solution was found to have fast film-forming property attributed to the photochemical reaction between GE-BTHE and PEGDA, as well as the antibacterial activity in vitro attributed to the ingredients of chitosan and MB. Our in vivo results also demonstrated that untreated wounds after 3 days had the same scab level as the GE-BTHE mixture-treated wounds after 20 s of irradiation, which indicates that the irradiated GE-BTHE mixture can be quickly transferred into artificial scabs to protect wounds from an infection that can serve as a convenient excisional wound dressing with antibacterial efficacy. Therefore, it has the potential to treat nonhealing wounds, deep burns, diabetic ulcers and a variety of mucosal wounds.
Non-Human Primate Models of Enteric Viral Infections
Authors: Sestak Karol
Published: October 2018

There is an important role non-human primates (NHP) play in biomedical research. Phylogenetic proximity of any of the NHP species to Homo sapiens assures that much better translatability of research outcomes from model studies involving human diseases can be achieved than from those generated with other pre-clinical systems. Our group and others used during past two decades NHPs in research directed towards viral and autoimmune disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. This review summarizes progress made in the area of enteric viral infections including its applicability to human disease.
Deformation induced recrystallization of minerals
Authors: Poirier Jean-Paul , Guillopé Michel
Published: October 2018

On présente une revue critique des expériences et théories récentes sur la recristallisation statique et dynamique, induite par la déformation et en l'absence de fluides. On distingue deux régimes de recristallisation correspondant respectivement à la rotation des sous-grains et à la migration des joints de grain. Dans le cas de la migration, les «germes » sont constitués par les sous-grains ayant tourné ou par les régions de cristal voisines des joints de grain de forte désorientation, des parois de kink-bands ou de bandes de déformation intragranulaires. Le rôle des relations d'orientation des grains et du freinage par les impuretés est fondamental dans la cinétique de migration. La croissance orientée des «germes » présents dans la texture de déformation est sans doute importante dans la détermination des orientations préférentielles de recristallisation. Les relations empiriques entre contrainte appliquée et taille du grain re¬ cristallisé (géopiézomètres) ne doivent pas être appliquées inconsidérément aux tectonites : on devrait s'assurer que le piézomètre a été déterminé dans le régime de recristallisation qui a prévalu naturellement.
Experimental annealing of a natural dunite
Authors: Ricoult Daniel
Published: October 2018

Samples cut from a natural dunite were annealed at 1,100-1,700° C for o., 1-2,000 hours, at atmospheric pressure and under controlled oxygen fugacity. The evolution of free dislocation density and (100) tilt walls spacing was studied. Several recovery mechanisms have been observed. The mean ascent velocity of kimberlitic magma is expected to be 1 to 1.5 km/h, from the analysis of the dislocation microstructure in peridotite nodules.
Influence of water on the strength and deformation properties of a granitic aplite at high pressures and temperatures
Authors: Alm Ove
Published: October 2018

Even in small amounts water has been found to affect severely the rheological behaviour of minerals like quartz and olivine. Very little is known, however, about the influence of water on the deformation properties of aggregates of different silicates.

I have deformed both dry and water saturated specimens of a fine grained aplite from Malmberget in Northern Sweden at temperatures up to 800° C and confining pressures up to 1.5 GPa. The experiments were performed in a Griggs'hot creep apparatus operated in the constant strain-rate mode (10-6 < ê < 10-4 s-1). Lead or sodium chloride was used as pressure transmitting medium.

Water influences the strength of this rock, but the effect is moderate. Experimental results at different temperatures and pressures are presented and differences in microstructures are also discussed.
Uniaxial compression of kyanite Al2O3-SiO2
Authors: Menard Denis , Doukhan Jean-Claude , Paquet Jacques
Published: October 2018

On a déformé en compression uniaxiale des échantillons monocristallins de disthène à des températures comprises entre 20° et 600° C. Les courbes contrainte-déformation indiquent une limite élastique étonnamment faible (< 80 bars) . Il n'y a pas de durcissement, par contre, des instabilités apparaissent à haute température. La sous-structure de dislocations laissée par la déformation a été étudiée par topographie en rayons X (méthode de Berg-Barrett) et par microscopie électronique en transmission. La densité de dislocations est faible (-107 cm-2), il n'y a pas de macles. Les instabilités observées sur les courbes de déformation sont interprétées par un mécanisme de création et d'annihilation des sources de Frank-Read qui est particulier au cas du disthène, ce minéral n'ayant probablement qu'un seul système de glissement. Il semble donc qu'on ne peut pas tirer beaucoup d'informations sur les déformations géologiques par étude des sous-structures de dislocations présentes dans les cristaux naturels de disthène.
Nanoantenna structures for the detection of phonons in nanocrystals
Authors: Milekhin Alexander G , Kuznetsov Sergei A , Milekhin Ilya A , Sveshnikova Larisa L , Duda Tatyana A , Rodyakina Ekaterina E , Latyshev Alexander V , Dzhagan Volodymyr M , Zahn Dietrich R T
Published: October 2018

We report a study of the infrared response by localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) modes in gold micro- and nanoantenna arrays with various morphologies and surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) by optical phonons of semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) deposited on the arrays. The arrays of nano- and microantennas fabricated with nano- and photolithography reveal infrared-active LSPR modes of energy ranging from the mid to far-infrared that allow the IR response from very low concentrations of organic and inorganic materials deposited onto the arrays to be analyzed. The Langmuir–Blodgett technology was used for homogeneous deposition of CdSe, CdS, and PbS NC monolayers on the antenna arrays. The structural parameters of the arrays were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. 3D full-wave electromagnetic simulations of the electromagnetic field distribution around the micro- and nanoantennas were employed to realize the maximal SEIRA enhancement for structural parameters of the arrays whereby the LSPR and the NC optical phonon energies coincide. The SEIRA experiments quantitatively confirmed the computational results. The maximum SEIRA enhancement was observed for linear nanoantennas with optimized structural parameters determined from the electromagnetic simulations. The frequency position of the feature’s absorption seen in the SEIRA response evidences that the NC surface and transverse optical phonons are activated in the infrared spectra.
A MULTI-AGENT-BASED APPROACH FOR THE IMPACTS ANALYSIS OF PASSENGER FLOW ON PLATFORMS IN METRO STATIONS CONSIDERING TRAIN OPERATIONS
Authors: CHEN Shaokuan , ZHANG Yanan , DI Yue , LI Fang , Wenzheng JIA
Published: October 2018

Impacts analysis of train operation on passenger flow in metro stations is an important and fundamental require-ment to improve the operational efficiency and ensure passengers a high level of service. This study aims at large metro sta-tions where thousands of passengers are moving, boarding or alighting and the complicated interactions among passengers and between passengers and other entities like stairways or trains take place all the time. A multi-agent-based approach is developed from the investigation of movement characteristics of passengers to meet the above requirement and deal with such interactions. The simulation scenarios considering the various conditions of train operations are performed in the case studies of a metro station in Beijing (China) to prove the feasibility of the proposed approach, which is useful to for-mulate and evaluate the operation schemes of trains
Three-dimensional MHD Simulation of Solar Wind Using a New Boundary Treatment: Comparison with In Situ Data at Earth
Authors: Shen Fang , Yang Zicai , Zhang Jie , Wei Wenwen , Feng Xueshang
Published: October 2018

Three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) numerical simulation is an important tool in the prediction of solar wind parameters. In this study, we improve our corona interplanetary total variation diminishing MHD model by using a new boundary applicable to all phases of solar cycles. This model uses synoptic magnetogram maps from the Global Oscillation Network Group as the input data. The empirical Wang–Sheeley–Arge relation is used to assign solar wind speed at the lower boundary, while temperature is specified accordingly based on its empirical relation with the solar wind speed. Magnetic field intensity and solar wind density at the boundary are obtained from observational data in the immediate past Carrington rotations, permitting the persistence of these two parameters in a short time period. The boundary conditions depend on only five tunable parameters when simulating the solar wind for different phases of the solar cycle. We apply this model to simulate the background solar wind from 2007 to 2017 and compare the modeled results with the observational data in the OMNI database. Visual inspection shows that our model can capture the time patterns of solar wind parameters well at most times. Statistical analysis shows that the simulated solar wind parameters are all in good agreement with the observations. This study demonstrates that the improved interplanetary total variation diminishing model can be used for predicting all solar wind parameters near the Earth.
Double Peaks of the Solar Cycle: An Explanation from a Dynamo Model
Authors: Karak Bidya Binay , Mandal Sudip , Banerjee Dipankar
Published: October 2018

One peculiar feature of the solar cycle that is yet to be understood properly is the frequent occurrence of double peaks (also known as the Gnevyshev peaks). The double peaks, and also multiple peaks and spikes, are often observed in any phase of the cycle. We propose that these peaks and spikes are generated due to fluctuations in the Babcock–Leighton process (the poloidal field generation from tilted bipolar magnetic regions). When the polar field develops, large negative fluctuations in the Babcock–Leighton process can reduce the net polar field abruptly. As these fluctuations in the polar field are propagated to the new toroidal field, these can promote double peaks in the next solar cycle. When fluctuations in the polar field occur outside the solar maximum, we observe their effects as spikes or dips in the following sunspot cycle. Using an axisymmetric Babcock–Leighton dynamo model, we first demonstrate this idea. Later, we perform a long simulation by including random scatter in the poloidal field generation process and successfully reproduce the double-peaked solar cycles. These results are robust under reasonable changes in the model parameters, as long as the diffusivity is not too much larger than 1012 cm2 s−1. Finally, we analyze the observed polar field data to show a close connection between the short-term fluctuations in the polar field and the double peaks/spikes in the next cycle. Thereby, this supports our theoretical idea that the fluctuations in the Babcock–Leighton process can be responsible for the double peaks/spikes in the observed solar cycle.
Simulated Encounters of the Parker Solar Probe with a Coronal-hole Jet
Authors: Roberts Merrill A , Uritsky Vadim M , DeVore C Richard , Karpen Judith T
Published: October 2018

Solar coronal jets are small, transient, collimated ejections most easily observed in coronal holes (CHs). The upcoming Parker Solar Probe (PSP) mission provides the first opportunity to encounter CH jets in situ near the Sun and examine their internal structure and dynamics. Using projected mission orbital parameters, we have simulated PSP encounters with a fully three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model of a CH jet. We find that three internal jet regions, featuring different wave modes and levels of compressibility, have distinct identifying signatures detectable by PSP. The leading Alfvén wave front and its immediate wake are characterized by trans-Alfvénic plasma flows with mild density enhancements. This front exhibits characteristics of a fast switch-on MHD shock, whose arrival is signaled by the sudden onset of large-amplitude transverse velocity and magnetic-field oscillations highly correlated in space and time. The trailing portion is characterized by supersonic but sub-Alfvénic outflows of dense plasma with uncorrelated velocity and magnetic-field oscillations. This compressible region contains most of the jet’s mass. The volume between the immediate wake and dense jet, the remote wake, mixes and transitions the characteristics of the two other regions. In addition to probing each region separately, we also simulate a corotational PSP-jet encounter. In this scenario, the simulated spacecraft hovers over the jet-producing CH, as may occur during the mission’s corotational phases, sampling each jet region in turn. We estimate that PSP will encounter numerous CH jets over the lifetime of the mission.
MMS Observations of Beta-dependent Constraints on Ion Temperature Anisotropy in Earth’s Magnetosheath
Authors: Maruca Bennett A. , Chasapis A. , Gary S. P. , Bandyopadhyay R. , Chhiber R. , Parashar T. N. , Matthaeus W. H. , Shay M. A. , Burch J. L. , Moore T. E. , Pollock C. J. , Giles B. J. , Paterson W. R. , Dorelli J. , Gershman D. J. , Torbert R. B. , Russell C. T. , Strangeway R. J.
Published: October 2018

Protons (ionized hydrogen) in the solar wind frequently exhibit distinct temperatures (T
⊥p and T
∥p) perpendicular and parallel to the plasma’s background magnetic field. Numerous prior studies of the interplanetary solar wind have shown that, as proton beta (β
∥p) increases, a narrower range of proton temperature anisotropy (R
p ≡ T
⊥p/T
∥p) values is observed. Conventionally, this effect has been ascribed to the actions of kinetic microinstabilities. This study is the first to use data from the Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission to explore such β
∥p-dependent limits on R
p in Earth’s magnetosheath. The distribution of these data across the (β
∥p, R
p)-plane reveals limits on both R
p > 1 and R
p < 1. Linear Vlasov theory is used to compute contours of constant growth rate for the ion–cyclotron, mirror, parallel-firehose, and oblique-firehose instabilities. These instability thresholds closely align with the contours of the data distribution, which is consistent with these instabilities acting to limit extremes of proton temperature anisotropy in the magnetosheath.
The Study of a System of H ii Regions toward L = 24.°8, B = 0.°1 at the Galactic Bar: Norma Arm Interface
Authors: Dewangan L. K. , Dhanya J. S. , Ojha D. K. , Zinchenko I.
Published: October 2018

To probe the star formation process, we present a thorough multiwavelength investigation of several H ii regions located toward l = 24.°8, b = 0.°1. A system of at least five H ii regions, including the mid-infrared bubble N36 (hereafter system N36; extension ∼35 pc), is observationally investigated and is located at a distance of 6.0 kpc. With this distance, the system N36 is found to be situated at the interface of the Galactic bar and the Norma Galactic arm in our Galaxy, where one may expect the collisions of molecular clouds due to the bar potential. Each H ii region (dynamical age ∼0.4–1.3 Myr) in the system is powered by an O-type star. The system contains 27 ATLASGAL dust clumps at 870 μm. Several clumps are massive (>103
M
⊙) and have high bolometric luminosity (>103
L
⊙). Using the GRS 13CO line data, in the direction of the system N36, two velocity components are found around 109 and 113 km s−1 and are linked in the velocity space. The morphological analysis of 13CO favors the presence of interacting molecular clouds in the system. Four H ii regions and two 6.7 GHz masers are spatially observed at the common areas of the two clouds. The analysis of the Spitzer photometric data also traces the noticeable star formation activity in the system. Considering the observational outcomes, the formation of O-type stars (including ongoing star formation) in the system appears to be triggered by the collisions of molecular clouds at the bar–arm interface.
The environmental Kuznets curve in the case of Russia
Authors: Ketenci Natalya
Published: October 2018

This study explores the relationships between carbon emissions and their main determinants such as energy consumption, real income, international trade, level of education and level of urbanization in the Russian Federation, employing data for the period 1991–2016. Support for the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis is found in this study, stating that environment pollution decreases in Russia after income achieves a certain threshold. The ARDL bounds test is employed in order to estimate short-run and long-run relationships in the estimated model. Energy consumption, real income, education and urbanization levels are found to be significant determinants of carbon emissions, while trade openness does not have an impact. The Granger causality test indicates two-way relationships between carbon emissions and energy use, real income and education. Only a single one-way causality runs from carbon emission to trade and no causality was found between carbon emissions and level of urbanization.
Le travail de pensée sur le politique peut-il prétendre à un statut psychothérapique ?
Authors: Edrei Béatrice , Gernet Isabelle
Published: October 2018

L’article aborde, à partir d’une situation clinique, les principes du travail psychothérapique en psychopathologie du travail. Est en particulier discutée l’idée selon laquelle l’exigence de travail suscitée par la décompensation psychopathologique en rapport avec le travail se présente comme une étape préalable au travail psychothérapique. Les difficultés à penser le rapport au politique, comme condition de possibilité du travail subjectif de perlaboration de la souffrance en rapport avec le travail, font l’objet d’une analyse théorique spécifique en vue de préciser les modalités techniques de l’action en psychopathologie et psychodynamique du travail.
Quadriceps Function and Patient-Reported Outcomes After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Patients With or Without Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Norte Grant E. , Hertel Jay , Saliba Susan A , Diduch David R. , Hart Joseph M.
Published: October 2018

Context

Relationships between quadriceps function and patient-reported outcomes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) are variable and may be confounded by including patients at widely different time points after surgery. Understanding these relationships during the clinically relevant phases of recovery may improve our knowledge of specific factors that influence clinical outcomes.

Objective

To identify the relationships between quadriceps function and patient-reported outcomes in patients <2 years (early) and >2 years (late) after ACLR, including those with posttraumatic knee osteoarthritis.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 72 patients after ACLR: early (n = 34, time from surgery = 9.0 ± 4.3 months), late (n = 30, time from surgery = 70.5 ± 41.6 months), or osteoarthritis (n = 8, time from surgery = 115.9 ± 110.0 months).

Main Outcome Measure(s)

The total Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and Veterans RAND 12-Item Health Survey (VR-12) were used to quantify knee function and global health. Predictors of patient-reported outcomes were involved-limb and symmetry indices of quadriceps function (isokinetic strength [peak torque, total work, average power], maximum voluntary isometric contraction torque, fatigue index, central activation ratio, Hoffmann reflex, active motor threshold) and demographics (age, activity level, pain, kinesiophobia, time since surgery). Multiple linear regression analyses were used to predict KOOS and VR-12 scores in each group.

Results

In the early patients, knee-extensor work, active motor threshold symmetry, pain, and activity level explained 67.8% of the variance in the KOOS score (P < .001); knee-extensor work, activity level, and pain explained 53.0% of the variance in the VR-12 score (P < .001). In the late patients, age and isokinetic torque symmetry explained 28.9% of the variance in the KOOS score (P = .004). In the osteoarthritis patients, kinesiophobia and isokinetic torque explained 77.8% of the variance in the KOOS score (P = .010); activity level explained 86.4% of the variance in the VR-12 score (P = .001).

Conclusions

Factors of muscle function and demographics that explain patient-reported outcomes were different in patients early and late after ACLR and in those with knee osteoarthritis.
Modified 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin/irinotecan as a feasible and efficacious second-line chemotherapeutic regimen in advanced gastric cancers
Authors: Ramaswamy Anant , Ostwal Vikas , Gupta Kushal , Simha Vijai , Toshniwal Anup , Shetty Nitin , Nashikkar Chaitali , Mandavkar Sarika , Gupta Sudeep
Published: October 2018

Background: Modified 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin/irinotecan (mFOLFIRI) is a commonly used combination second-line chemotherapeutic regimen in advanced gastric cancer (AGC). Materials and Methods: Patients diagnosed with AGC, receiving biweekly mFOLFIRI between July 2013 and June 2016, as second-line chemotherapy were retrospectively analyzed for tolerance, prognostic factors, event-free survival (EFS), and overall survival (OS). Results: Overall, 91 patients were administered a median of 6 cycles of therapy. Response rate was 29.7% and clinical benefit rate was 57.2%. With a median follow-up of 11.5 months, median EFS was 3.98 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.54–5.41) and median OS was 7.73 months (95% CI: 5.30–10.15). Common Grade 3 and Grade 4 adverse events were neutropenia (18.7%), febrile neutropenia (9.9%), thrombocytopenia (7.7%), and vomiting (4.4%). Nearly 33% of patients required dose modification during therapy. Conclusions: mFOLFIRI regimen as a second-line therapy in AGCs appears feasible and efficacious in clinical practice.
The Fossil Fuel Emissions of Tokyo estimated directly from measurements of the Tsukuba TCCON site
Authors: Babenhauserheide Arne , Hase Frank , Morino Isamu
Published: October 2018

Abstract. We present a simple approach for estimating the greenhouse gas emissions of large cities using accurate long-term data of column-averaged greenhouse gas abundances collected by a nearby FTIR (Fourier Transform InfraRed) spectrometer. We estimate the average yearly carbon emissions from the area of Tokyo to be 86 ± 33 MtCyear between 2011 and 2016, calculated using only measurements from the TCCON site in Tsukuba (north-east of Tokyo) and wind-speed data from nearby radiosondes.
Linking resilience and robustness and uncovering their trade-offs in coupled infrastructure systems
Authors: Homayounfar Mehran , Muneepeerakul Rachata , Anderies John M. , Muneepeerakul Chitsomanus P.
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Robustness and resilience are concepts in systems thinking that have grown in
importance and popularity. For many complex social-ecological systems,
however, robustness and resilience are difficult to quantify and the
connections and trade-offs between them difficult to study. Most studies have
either focused on qualitative approaches to discuss their connections or
considered only one of them under particular classes of disturbances. In this
study, we present an analytical framework to address the linkage between
robustness and resilience more systematically. Our analysis is based on a
stylized dynamical model that operationalizes a widely used conceptual
framework for social-ecological systems. The model enables us to rigorously
delineate the boundaries of conditions under which the coupled system can be
sustained in a long run, define robustness and resilience related to these
boundaries, and consequently investigate their connections. The results
reveal the trade-offs between robustness and resilience. They also show how
the nature of such trade-offs varies with the choice of certain policies
(e.g., taxation and investment in public infrastructure), internal stresses,
and uncertainty in social-ecological settings.