bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Causas y consecuencias del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en el habitante de calle
Authors: Correa Álvarez Yojan Adrián
Published: October 2020

El objeto del presente artículo de investigación es entender algunas de las causas y consecuencias del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en el habitante de calle. Esto se busca a partir del relato de las experiencias del habitante de calle y su impacto en relación al consumo de drogas psicoactivas. La investigación es de corte cualitativo con un enfoque fenomenológico. Se realizaron 8 entrevistas semiestructuradas a población habitante de calle perteneciente a la ciudad de Medellín entre los meses de abril y septiembre de 2018. Se identificaron seis categorías en total: pérdida y abandono, dependencia, efectos del fármaco, dinámicas sociales, apatía y sentido de vida. Estas categorías fueron analizadas en relación con los conceptos de libertad y muerte desde una perspectiva humanista existencial, con apoyo de algunos aportes del psicoanálisis y la terapia de esquemas. Se concluyó que la dependencia a las sustancias psicoactivas es facilitada cuando la persona busca en el efecto narcótico un medio para evadir la angustia y el dolor provocado por las experiencias y las condiciones adversas de la existencia.
ANALISIS PERMASALAHAN GURU DAN SISWA TERHADAP MODEL PEMBELAJARAN GRAPHIC ORGANIZER DAN BERPIKIR KREATIF TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR
Authors: Sumartijah Sumartijah , Maasawet Elsje Theodora , Boleng Didimus Tanah
Published: October 2020

Fungsi pendidikan adalah menyiapkan peserta didik melalui proses yang berlangsung sebelum peserta didik itu siap bekerja di kehidupan nyata. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui permasalahan guru dan siswa pada model pembelajaran Graphic Organizer terhadap berpikir kreatif dan hasil belajar siswa. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa siswi kelas X berjumlah 60 orang. Penelitian dilakukan di SMAN 8 Samarinda. Pengumpulan data menggunakan angket dan wawancara. Metode penelitian menggunakan penelitian eksperimen semu (Quasi Experiment). Hasil angket yang dilakukan terhadap siswa siswi menunjukkan bahwa 50,00% masih kurang dalam berpikir kreatif pada saat proses pembelaran biologi di kelas. Sedangkan 60,00% hasil belajar siswa masih dibawah rata-rata, Perangkat pembelajaran yang dimiliki kurang lengkap.
MODEL PENGEMBANGAN USAHA BERBASIS LINGKUNGAN KELOMPOK DIFABEL DI KOTA CIREBON
Authors: Novianty Fifi
Published: October 2020

Penyandang disabilitas di Kota Cirebon sering kali mengalami kesulitan dalam mencari lapangan pekerjaan sehingga  membentuk warga peduli ekonomi difabel. Kelompok difabel “Kula Eksis” dibentuk untuk memberdayakan kaum difabel. Penelitian ini untuk meneliti model pengembangan usaha berbasis lingkungan kelompok difabel Kota Cirebon. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Analisis menggunakan analisis grounded dan analisis domain. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan model pengembangan usaha berbasis lingkungan kelompok warga peduli ekonomi difabel “Kula Eksis” Kota Cirebon terdapat empat model pengembangan usaha yang berbasis pada kebutuhan difabel yaitu (1) kerajinan dari barang bekas dan sampah plastik, (2) produk anyaman dari bambu, (3) produk makanan, (4) pertamini. Terdapat dua kendala yaitu kendala internal dan kendala eksternal. Model Pengembangan usaha mampu memberikan perubahan bagi kemajuan perekonomian kelompok difabel di Kota Cirebon. Dampak model pengembangan usaha berbasis lingkungan yaitu perekonomian difabel meningkat dan limpahan sampah plastik menurun.
Palidez Estética na Universidade: Inquietações acerca da Aprendizagem da Docência
Authors: Söllinger Marcos Elói , Antonello Claudia Simone
Published: October 2020

Neste artigo, os autores buscam instigar questionamentos sobre como as universidades têm tratado da dimensão pedagógica, no que tange o desenvolvimento de docentes para o magistério superior. Com base em estudo empírico, a discussão se desenvolve a partir de investigações no campo da administração. O espectro teórico é fundamentado na perspectiva da estética nas organizações (STRATI, 2007) e nos Estudos Baseados em Prática (GHERARDI 2006). As perspectivas metodológicas apresentadas são de abordagem qualitativa, com ênfase em aspectos do conhecimento sensível e da percepção estética. As discussões apontam para a palidez estética como característica dos processos de aprendizagem da docência de discentes na pós-graduação.
O Limiar da Produção do Conhecimento da Administração Pública acerca do Estado
Authors: Chaves Rossi Henrique Soares , Ferraz Janaynna De Moura , Biondini Bárbara Katherine Faris
Published: October 2020

O intento deste trabalho consiste em perscrutar o conhecimento produzido na Administração Pública, no período entre 1970 até 2017, partindo do pressuposto que o Estado moderno corresponde a uma mediação determinante na sociabilidade capitalista. Procedemos, em um primeiro momento, uma análise do conteúdo no campo para mapear suas características principais quanto ao fazer científico e à abordagem teórica acerca do Estado. No segundo momento, aprofundamos a reflexão submetendo tais achados à crítica da economia política, para delinear suas mediações e determinantes. A investigação preliminar aponta que o Estado é tratado com uma condição de naturalização, de maneira que as produções científicas tendem, em sua maioria, a centrar suas análises nas abordagens gerenciais (técnicas/avaliações), cujos trabalhos de viés mais crítico se destinam tão somente a apresentar possibilidades de reforma e/ou melhoria da gestão. A conclusão ratifica a necessidade de avançar quanto à forma de produzir conhecimento na Administração Pública, cuja materialidade e a historicidade devem assumir um papel central enquanto categorias com capacidade de apreensão do real, buscando contribuir, desse modo, com mudanças qualitativas no estado das condições concretas de vida da sociedade.
An improved mesh stiffness calculation model of spur gear pair under mixed EHL friction with spalling effect
Authors: Wang Siyu , Zhu Rupeng
Published: October 2020

Based on the “Potential energy method”, the improved mesh stiffness calculation model of spur gear pair with actual involute and transition curve is proposed. Furthermore, the spalling effect, nonlinear contact stiffness, improved fillet-foundation stiffness, time-varying friction coefficient under mixed elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) condition are assimilated into the model. Then the results of the improved mesh stiffness model are obtained by numerical simulation, in which the mesh stiffness under mixed EHL friction and the effect of height for spalled area on the mesh stiffness are comprehensively investigated.
Segunda observación de Daphnis nerii (Linnaeus, 1758) en el País Vasco después de 161 años (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae)
Authors: Alday David , Gainzarain José Antonio
Published: October 2020

Un macho de Daphnis nerii (Linnaeus, 1758) fue observado en Vitoria-Gasteiz el 29.10.2016. Se trata de la segunda cita de la especie para el País Vasco, 161 años después de la primera, que tuvo lugar en Getxo en 1855.
Graphical and computational methods for determining the stability constants of mono- and polynuclear complexes with a common intersection point of the family of formation curves
Authors:   Institute of Chemistry, Chisinau, Moldova, Povar Igor , Spinu Oxana , Pintilie Boris
Published: October 2020

Aqueous polynuclear systems have been analyzed, for which the family of formation curves intersects at a common point. The analyzed graphical and computational method for determining the stability constants can be used as initial values within the iterative calculation process. In some cases, the stability constants are calculated using only the coordinates of the common intersection point. The obtained equations could be of special interest when the experimental data can be interpreted in several models. In these cases, given the large volume of experimental data, the calculation is simple and the model can certainly be chosen with high safety. The obtained equations may also be applied for critical evaluation of tabular data if the coordinates of the intersection point are known. A series of real polynuclear systems have been analyzed and useful conclusions have been made.
Assessment of the level of noise and chemical air pollution in two distinct urban areas
Authors:   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, Bratu Mihai , Bucur Elena , Danciulescu Valeriu , Petrescu Mihaela , Tanase Gheorghita , Vasile Ovidiu ,   University Politehnica of Bucharest, Romania
Published: October 2020

In the paper are presented the results of tests on the evaluation of the level of noise and chemical air pollution in two distinct urban areas: an industrial area and an area characterized by heavy road traffic, with a focus on the novelty elements introduced by the regulations in force on the measurement and management of the level of ambient and industrial noise by periodically developing specific noise maps. The results of direct tests and noise maps developed in the case of the studied areas indicated higher values of the indicators measured near the road artery compared to the other measuring points, highlighting the influence of vegetation in urban areas to reduce noise levels and reduce air pollution.
Comparative assessment of air pollutant emissions from brick manufacturing
Authors:   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, Danciulescu Valeriu , Bucur Elena , Petrescu Mihaela , Bratu Mihai , Cozea Andreea , Tanase Gheorghita
Published: October 2020

In this paper, a comparison is made of the level of air pollution between two brick production lines that apply different technologies, one old and one new, and more efficient. The main pollutants emitted in the air from the baking kilns are CO, SO2, NO2, HCl, HF, and dust. The monitoring of emissions was performed with a Testo 350 flue gas analyzer – the automatic method. A Paul Gothe isokinetic sampler was used to take dust, HCl, and HF sampling, and the analysis was performed in the laboratory using gravimetric and spectrophotometric analytical methods. The results of the tests performed showed a reduction in the level of pollution by applying the new and BAT technologies by up to 90% for all monitored pollutants, compared to the pollution produced by old and non-re-technologized line. At the same time, energy consumption is lower per unit of product, which results in a significant decrease in production costs.
Analytical methods for the determination of Cr6+ from fixed source emissions
Authors:   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, Petrescu Mihaela , Bucur Elena , Danciulescu Valeriu , Cozea Andreea , Borcescu Claudia Mihaela , Bratu Mihai , Tanase Gheorghita
Published: October 2020

This study aimed to develop two analytical methods for the determination of Cr6+ from fixed source emissions, such as the molecular absorption spectrophotometric method (UV-VIS) and the graphite furnace atomization absorption spectrometry method (GTAAS). The first stage in the development of analytical methods involves establishing the optimal operating conditions for, taking air samples, treating them for analysis, and the proceeding for analysis, followed by validating the method by determining performance parameters. For both methods is highly recommended, the use of isokinetic sampling with a sampling probe by the heated glass, quartz, or PTFE. The limit of detection and the limit of quantification were concluded to be 12.38µg/m3 and 40µg/m3, respectively for the UV-VIS method and the GTAAS method 0.12 µg/m3 and 0.54 µg/m3 respectively.
Impact of various surfactant classes on the microorganism community used for WWTP biodegradation treatment
Authors:   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology, Mitru Daniel , Lucaciu Irina , Nita-Lazar Mihai , Covaliu Cristina Ileana ,   University Politehnica of Bucharest, Romania, Nechifor Gheorghe , Moga Ioana Corina ,   DFR Systems SRL, Bucharest, Romania, Marin Bogdan , Paun Iuliana ,   National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology
Published: October 2020

Environmental pollution is an important issue influencing human health and environmental equilibrium. The range of pollutants is very wide due to industrialization and population growth and the surfactants are one of the most common organic pollutants due to their extensive use and ubiquitous presence from industry to households. Their massive presence in the domestic and industrial wastewater could affect the Wastewater treatment plants by inhibiting the activated sludge used in pollutants biodegradation treatment step. This paper aimed to study the inhibition effect of three classes of surfactants (nonionic, anionic, and cationic) by measuring the respiratory activity of microorganisms with the application of the Oxygen Uptake Rate (OUR) test. This study established that the surfactants could activate or inhibit microorganisms’ activity, depending on surfactant concentration.
LETRAMENTO INFORMACIONAL E MÍDIAS SOCIAIS
Authors: Fortes Luce Bruno , Brasil Estabel Lizandra
Published: October 2020

Os idosos são considerados imigrantes digitais pois tiveram de aprender a lidar com as tecnologias digitais durante o seu surgimento e por isso são mais vulneráveis frente as fake news. Este artigo trata-se de um relato de experiência realizado com um grupo focal de idosos sobre a criação e realização de um Curso de Extensão de capacitação midiática e informacional que tem como objetivo desenvolver as competências informacionais dos sujeitos afim de evitar a propagação de fake news. Os oito sujeitos participantes possuem a média de idade de 74 anos e previamente já utilizavam ferramentas como Whatsapp e Facebook. Ao finalizar o Curso pode-se constatar melhora na relação informacional, na aplicação das estratégias de busca e nas fontes de informação utilizadas pelo público.
QUANTO CUSTA O LIVRO DIDÁTICO? UMA ANÁLISE A PARTIR DO PORTAL DA TRANSPARÊNCIA DO FNDE / MEC
Authors: Fraga Silveira Douglas , Do Rocio Fontoura Teixeira Maria
Published: October 2020

Com quase cem anos desde sua idealização, o PNLD - Programa Nacional do Livro Didático é, hoje, indiscutivelmente um dos maiores e mais importantes recursos voltado ao ensino na educação básica de escolas públicas no Brasil. Contudo, mesmo apresentando melhorias ao longo de sua existência, o PNLD ainda apresenta lacunas. Neste sentido, este trabalho tem o objetivo de produzir uma análise econômico-financeira para o PNLD, a partir de um recorte dos últimos seis anos (2014-2019). Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa documental no portal da transparência do FNDE/MEC - Fundo Nacional de Desenvolvimento da Educação do Ministério da Educação à luz da literatura existente sobre Livro Didático. Como resultado esta proposta expõe o quão significativo tem sido o investimento neste Programa, durante o período analisado. Por outro lado, os resultados apresentam o quantitativo de exemplares adquiridos e de beneficiados por nível escolar (anos iniciais e finais do Ensino Fundamental, Ensino Médio e Educação de Jovens e Adultos) que permitem inferir o baixo custo unitário e sua abrangência. Além disto, os comparativos entre os níveis beneficiados permitem considerações, tais como, econômico-financeiras.
A legibilidade na leitura da poesia de Augusto de Campos como agente de (re)escrita
Authors: Santos Tiago
Published: October 2020

In the introduction of Outro (2015) Augusto de Campos claims that “he came too late to a new world”. This is the natural answer to understand his fluency in virtual and digital scopes of creation. The persistent relation between “new and old” is revisited, tested and confronted all over Campos’ poe-tic corpus, in which we find him experimenting new ways of writing and reading through intermediality. This approach has taken advantage of mass media to proselytize the general public about the literary avant-garde, extending his presence from the periodical press to the internet and, particularly, to so-cial media networks. It is in this multimedia space that the intrinsic relationship of visual and material form with poetry is explored near its full potential, adding sound, visual and temporal elements to verse forms. This article aims to explore the relationship of legibility with the macro- and micro-typographic forms, and with the process of reading and re-writing the poem through these iterations. Readers are faced with an exploration of language which opens up the possibility of materializing the meaning of the text in the very process of interaction, exploration and reading of the poem (instead of making it verbally explicit), by means of an iterative process of cognitive nature.
O “hipócrita leitor” de Baudelaire e a poesia brasileira contemporânea
Authors: Simpson Pablo
Published: October 2020

This essay aims to cover the recurrence of a single verse by Baudelaire, “Hypocrite lecteur, mon semblable, mon frère”, from the opening poem of Les Fleurs du Mal, in three poems by Brazilian poets: “Fogo do final” by Ana Cristina Cesar, “Dez sonetóides mancos” by Paulo Henriques Britto and “Modo de usar” by Marcos Siscar. It is about the resumption of Baudelaire in the inter-textual perspective of a writing-through, as Marjorie Perloff points out in Unoriginal genious, which allows not only to consider the participation of the poet in a larger and more public discourse, but to think about the status of this relationship between poet and reader. In the three poems a certain place of reading/quotation from another work seems to be explicit, which comes up, precisely, in the verse in which the reader’s moral place is questioned.
THE EFFECT OF THE ALTITUDE ZONE ON COGNITIVE FUNCTION FOR MALE PILOTS IN INDOCTRINATION AND AEROPHYSIOLOGY TRAINING IN 2019
Authors: HERATIKA DEBY , KEKALIH ARIA , MULYAWAN WAWAN , AGUSTINA AMILYA , SOEMARKO DEWI SUMARYANI , SIAGIAN MINARMA
Published: October 2020

Objective: A pilot on duty at altitude can be exposed to hypoxia, both mild and severe. The incidence of hypoxia on a flight can be fatal, especially if hypoxia is experienced by a pilot on duty. One manifestation of hypoxia is decreased cognitive function. A pilot is required to carry out multitasking operations using cognitive functions, especially in an emergency. Therefore, decreased cognitive function due to hypoxia in a pilot can cause accidents in flight. This study aims to determine changes in cognitive function with hypoxia exposure at several altitude zones.

Methods: This study used an experimental one-group pretest-posttest design. The subjects were 31 military pilots who participated in Indoctrination and Aerophysiology Training. Subjects filled 6 Cognitive Impairment Test (6 CIT) questionnaires at ground level, efficient physiological zone (10,000 ft), and physiological deficient zone (25,000 ft) in a hypobaric chamber.

Results: There was a change of 6 CIT score at 10.000 ft compared to ground level (Friedman post-hoc Wilcoxon, P = 0.001). There was also a change of 6 CIT score at 25,000 ft compared to ground level (Friedman post-hoc Wilcoxon, P<0.001).

Conclusion: There was a change in cognitive function in the efficient physiological zone and physiological deficient zone, compared to ground level.
POSTOPERATIVE ANALGESIA IN KIDNEY TRANSPLANT LAPAROTOMY: QUADRATUS LUMBORUM BLOCK AS AN ALTERNATIVE
Authors: ADITIANINGSIH DITA , PRYAMBODHO  , ARITONANG RONALD CHRISTIAN AGUSTINUS , ADIWONGSO ERIKA SASHA
Published: October 2020

Objective: Effective postoperative pain management promotes better recovery. Continuous epidural (CE) is the standard postoperative analgesia for kidney transplantation; however, patients still report pain and unfavorable side effects. This present study compares the effectiveness of quadratus lumborum block (QLB) versus CE for managing pain and reducing morphine requirements following kidney transplantation.

Methods: This randomized-controlled study compared 37 kidney transplant patients: a QLB group (N=19) who received 20 ml 0.375% ropivacaine injection bilaterally and a CE group (N=18) who received 0.2% ropivacaine epidurally by infusion at 6 ml/h. Participants were assessed at 2, 6, 12, and 24h postoperatively for morphine requirements and with a visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain while resting and moving.

Results: The VAS scores when resting and moving were similar for both QLB and CE at all-time points (p>0.05 for both treatments). Postoperative morphine requirements also did not differ (p>0.05) between the two groups at any time point. Both groups had similar first-time morphine requirements (802.63 min for QLB vs 871.39 min for CE, p=0.814). Both groups achieved 100% blockade at the level of T10–L1 and had comparable Bromage and Ramsay scores.

Conclusion: QLB appears to be a viable alternative approach to CE for pain management after kidney transplantation.
THE ROLE OF PULMONARY REHABILITATION IN ACUTE EXACERBATIONS OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
Authors: RAHMAD  , NARASATI SHABRINA , NUGROHO EKO , WITJAKSONO DJOKO , LESTARI DWI INDRIANI , NUGROHO M. BARLIAN , RACHMAWATI SAMIAH , RIDWAN M.
Published: October 2020

Objective: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) reduces lung function and generates systemic effects that decrease the quality of life. COPD is a major cause of chronic morbidity and mortality worldwide. Pulmonary rehabilitation can reduce symptoms of dyspnea and improve exercise capacity and quality of life in COPD patients.

Methods: We report a case of a 60 y old male with an acute exacerbation (AE) of COPD and pneumonia. The inpatient pulmonary rehabilitation program was 5 consecutive days of 3 repetitions of cough control, 2 sets of 6 repetitions of pursed-lip breathing, 2 sets of 6 repetitions of deep breathing exercises, postural drainage, and manual clapping twice daily. Postural drainage in the lateral basal segment and manual clapping in the right lower lobe was chosen according to the chest x-ray (CXR).

Results: At the initial visit, the following information was noted: inspiration capacity with incentive spirometry, 600 cc/s; chest expansion, 1.5 cm; and single-breath counting (SBC), 11. The activities of daily living (ADL) score according to the Barthel Index was 70, and CXR results showed COPD and pneumonia in the right lower lobe. After 5 d of pulmonary rehabilitation, there was a clear airway and improvement in shortness of breath (SOB), and the following was noted: incentive spirometry, 900 cc/s; chest expansion, 2 cm; SBC, 20; and Barthel Index score, 100.

Conclusion: Early inpatient pulmonary rehabilitation in COPD AEs is clinically effective and safe, controls breathing and coughing, strengthens the respiratory muscles, and improves the clearing of the airway, which improves the patient’s pulmonary function capacity and quality of life.
Efficacy of immunotherapy with PD-1 inhibitor in colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis
Authors: He Shengqi , Hu Dongqing , Feng Haixia , Xue Ye , Jin Jin , Wang Xiaoyan
Published: October 2020

Aim:
PD-1 inhibitors have a leading role among immunotherapy while its efficacy on colorectal cancer (CRC) patients did not reach consensus and the small sample size remains as a limitation. Therefore, we undertook a meta-analysis on the effects of the monotherapy anti-PD-1 inhibitors in treating metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).
Materials & methods:
We searched databases to identify studies on efficacy of anti-PD-1 inhibitor on CRC. Objectives were objective response rate, progression-free survival rate, disease control rate and overall survival rate with their 95% CI.
Results:
The overall survival rate at 1-year was 64.2% (95% CI: 0.46–0.83). Disease control rate was 56.5% (CI: 0.27–0.86) and the objective response rate as 19.7% (CI: 0.08–0.32). The 1-year-progression-free survival rate was 38.4% (CI: 0.12–0.66). Sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis were also conducted.
Conclusion:
The monotherapy anti-PD-1 inhibitors are effective in treating mCRC and could be a new option for dMMR mCRC patient in first-line treatment.
The impact of lumper costs, empty miles, and shipment size on the profitability of motor carriers: A case study
Authors: Min Hokey
Published: October 2020

The passage of landmark deregulatory reforms in the Motor Carrier of Act of 1980 has constantly pressured the U.S. trucking industry to reduce transportation costs. Thanks to such pressure, total logistics costs have declined from 16.5% in 1980 to 10.1% of gross domestic product (GDP) in 2000. In particular, transportation costs have fallen from 7.6% to 5.9% of GDP in 2000. Transportation cost savings definitely benefit shippers, while jeopardizing the viability of carriers. To help transportation carriers cope with enormous cost pressure, this paper examines the impact that “lumper” costs, empty miles, and shipment size have on the very competitive trucking industry. Through an actual case study of a firm based in the Southeast U.S., we illustrate how lumper costs, empty front-haul and backhaul, and shipping weight and pieces can adversely affect the trucking firm’s profitability.
Shippers usage of the internet including e-marketplaces in the trucking industry
Authors: Kent John L , Parker R Stephen , Schaefer Allen D
Published: October 2020

The research reported in this manuscript provides insights regarding trucking related e-marketplaces and web-based offerings by truckers. Over 2,000 shippers were surveyed with 420 total responses. Overall, only 7% of shippers were currently utilizing e-marketplaces; however, those that are appear to be satisfied. Shippers ranked tracking, freight posting, and pricing, in that order of importance for trucking web sites.
Logistics education at historically black colleges and universities
Authors: Addus Abdussalam A , Kahn Anwar S , Chen David
Published: October 2020

A review of research literature on logistics education reveals disparities between demand for and supply of logistics management skills. Racial minorities are relatively underrepresented in logistics education and professional careers. In order to meet the rising demand for college graduates and mitigate racial disparities in the field, a need arises to enhance logistics education at Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCU’s). HBCU’s are known to have a high rate of success in retaining and graduating African American students. Yet, only a few of these institutions offer logistics degree programs or concentrations within the business and social science majors. This article makes a case for enhancing logistics education at HBCU’s through program development, recruitment, and retention strategies. It argues that the coordination of activities and partnerships between the institutions offering the programs, high schools/community colleges, and employers of the graduates and government are essential for the success of such strategies.
Drivers of logistics excellence: implications for carriers
Authors: Manrodt Karl B
Published: October 2020

Technological advances have increased customer expectations during an era of increasing cost controls. Shippers are becoming more demanding as technologies being developed offer greater visibility and control in the supply chain. The question remains, however, as to what are the key drivers of this technological change, and where is the market headed. Will these changes merely add cost or will they enable carriers to compete effectively in the market? The purpose of this article is to highlight six major drivers of logistics excellence, and to provide the carrier community with some thoughts as to how to respond to these emerging trends.
Using active learning to enhance supply chain knowledge
Authors: Hanna Joe B , Gibson Brian J , Chapman Randall
Published: October 2020

The constantly evolving logistics discipline confronts practitioners with the challenge of keeping pace with the many advancements in the field. The authors examine ways in which logistics trainers may be able to improve their ability to effectively convey knowledge to logistics practitioners by supplementing the traditional lecture-based approaches with active learning exercises. The results of a recently conducted survey detailing current usage levels and approaches of active learning exercises, specifically simulations, by logistics educators is then presented. The paper also summarizes comments from individual simulation participants after they have completed a training experience designed to immerse them in a real world supply chain scenario. The article concludes by providing suggestions and managerial implications.
Analyzing the evolution of class I LTL motor carriers: an examination of expansion into warehousing
Authors: Hanna Joe B , Maltz Arnold B
Published: October 2020

The current research uses Porter’s differentiation strategy framework to examine Class I LTL motor carrier service expansion habits over the last twenty years. The examination focuses on carriers bundling transportation and warehousing services together to help differentiate their service offerings from competitors. Results indicate that carriers are expanding service offerings to include warehousing services and are providing significant value-added services to customers. Continuous growth in warehouse service expansion was evident from passage of the Motor Carrier Act of 1980 to the mid-90’s.
Una etnografía en los archivos de la Fundación Pierre Verger. Diálogos, discusiones e interacción a partir de un estudio de caso
Authors: De Conti Dorea Joana
Published: October 2020

Este artículo examina cuestiones metodológicas acerca de la investigación etnográfica con archivos, a partir del estudio de caso realizado en la Fundación Pierre Verger, Bahía, Brasil. Verger, francés que se estableció en Bahía en la década de 1940, es conocido por sus viajes alrededor del mundo, por su trabajo como fotógrafo y por sus investigaciones etnográficas. La Fundación es la institución que hoy día abriga el acervo del fotógrafo etnógrafo. Ahí fue realizada la investigación de campo por medio de la cual se creó una metodología de análisis de las fotografías que destacan las interacciones y los diálogos como espacio de construcción de definición y conceptos antropológicos. Por el contacto con los archivos de la Fundación, así como con las personas que acceden al lugar, este artículo pretende reflexionar acerca de las idiosincrasias de una etnografía realizada en un archivo fotográfico.
Las jerarquías étnicas y la retórica del multiculturalismo estatal en San José del Guaviare
Authors: Cairo Carlos del
Published: October 2020

Este artículo analiza las tensiones entre las jerarquías étnicas en San José del Guaviare y la valoración positiva de la diversidad cultural que introdujo la retórica del multiculturalismo estatal. En particular, describe la posición diferencial que ocupa la gente jiw, tucano y nukak de acuerdo con las jerarquías elaboradas por los “blancos” del pueblo, los tucanos y los funcionarios estatales. Las características de estas jerarquías permiten cuestionar tres reduccionismos constitutivos del multiculturalismo estatal colombiano, a saber: la presunción de la unidad en la diversidad étnica, la esencialización de la diferencia cultural y la reificación de la comunidad. El artículo destaca la importancia de analizar las percepciones sobre la diferencia cultural en procesos que van más allá de la formalidad multicultural que exaltan las instituciones estatales.
Dehli Lecture: La política de los gobernados
Authors: Chatterjee Partha , Chaves Margarita , Hoyos Juan Felipe
Published: October 2020

La Delhi Lecture fue la conferencia inaugural

que presentó Partha Chatterjee en la Universidad

de Columbia

La Delhi Lecture fue la conferencia inaugural

que presentó Partha Chatterjee en la Universidad

de Columbia

que presentó Partha Chatterjee en la Universidad

de Columbia
Cartographic production in Russia: main stages and trends
Authors: Orlov M.Yu.
Published: October 2020

Studying the current state of cartography and ways of further developing the industry, the role of the map in the future of the society, new methods of promoting cartographic products is impossible without a deep scientific analyzing all the paths, events and factors influencing its formation and development throughout all the historic steps of cartographic production in Russia. In the article, the history of cartographic production in Russia is considered together with the development of private, state and military cartography, since, despite some differences, they have a common technical, technological and production basis. The author describes the stages of originating, formation and growth of industrial cartographic production from the beginning of the XVIII century until now. The connection between the change of political formations and technological structures with the mentioned stages of maps and atlases production is considered. Each stage is studied in detail, a step-by-step analysis was carried out, and the characteristics of each stage are described. All the events and facts are given in chronological order, highlighting especially significant moments influencing the evolution of cartographic production. The data on the volumes of printing and sales of atlases and maps by commercial and state enterprises are presented. The main trends and lines of further development of cartographic production in Russia are studied.
ELECTIONS AND DEMOCRATIC DEFICITS IN NIGERIA’S FOURTH REPUBLIC: A COMMENTARY
Authors: Okoli Al-Chukwuma , Nebeife Chigozie Joseph , Izang Markus Arum
Published: October 2020

Este artigo é um comentário que interroga o fenômeno de déficits democráticos na Quarta República da Nigéria, com base em uma análise exploratória de fontes secundárias. A essência do governo é a realização do bem público. O governo democrático é aclamado como o mais adequado para determinar e implementar tal mandato. Aliás, essa não foi uma experiência geral nas democracias do mundo. As sucessivas administrações democráticas na Quarta República da Nigéria deixaram muito a desejar em relação ao cumprimento de seu mandato democrático por meio de representação adequada e boa governança. Séries de eleições produziram diferentes culturas de supostos representantes das pessoas. No entanto, as condições existenciais do povo não foram tocadas de maneira a justificar que esses representantes governem na instância do povo, e muito menos representem seus interesses e aspirações. Os grandes déficits de democracia a esse respeito justificaram a submissão deste artigo ao efeito de que a democracia eleitoral na Quarta República da Nigéria não produziu os dividendos democráticos necessários em termos de governança eficiente e representação efetiva.
REGIMES MILITARES MARXISTAS AFRICANOS, ASCENSÃO E QUEDA: CONDICIONANTES INTERNOS E DIMENSÕES INTERNACIONAIS
Authors: Visentini Paulo Fagundes
Published: October 2020

Ao lado das Revoluções decorrentes de longas guerras anticoloniais como Angola, Moçambique, Guiné-Bissau e Zimbábue, desenvolveu-se um elemento inovador, os Golpes Militares de novo tipo, que introduziram regimes revolucionários autodenominados marxistas-leninistas. É o caso da Somália (1969) e da Etiópia (1974), o caso mais emblemático, mas também de quatro países francófonos: Congo-Brazzaville (1968), Daomey/Benin (1972-74), Madagascar (1975) e Alto Volta/Burkina Faso (1983), que estabeleceram Regimes ao longo das décadas de 1970 e 1980. As originais e polêmicas experiências revolucionárias aqui apresentadas, os Regimes Militares Marxistas, são diferentes dos primeiros Estados regidos pelo chamado “Socialismo Africano” logo após a independência, na passagem dos anos 1950 aos 1960: Gana (1957), Guiné (1958), Mali (1960), Tanzânia (1961), Zâmbia (1964) e Argélia (1962).
Yakutski nfectious hospital in the years of the Great Patriotic War
Authors: Sleptsova S. S. , Sleptsov S. S. , Andreev M. N. , Zhulljarova S. E.
Published: October 2020

Based on archival materials, the activity of the Yakutsk infectious diseases’ hospital and its employees during the years of World War II are reviewed. Besides fulfilling their professional duties, medical workers carried out active educational work among the population and acted in measures to clean up the city and improve the infectious diseases hospital. The work also contains biographical information about V.M. Anaskin, the first chief physician of the hospital, who made an invaluable contribution to the work of this medical institution.
Catch-up immunization for children who start late and have changing intervals in the national schedule of vaccinations
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: October 2020

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Respiratory diseases in HIV-infected patients (review)
Authors: Viktorova I. B. , Zimina V. N. , Degtyareva S. Yu. , Kravtchenko A. V.
Published: October 2020

The review presents information on epidemiology, clinical, laboratory and radiological manifestations of infectious and malignant respiratory diseases in HIV-infected patients.

The data on the most common infections (communityacquired pneumonia, tuberculosis, Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia) and malignant diseases (Kaposhi’s sarcoma, lymphomas) as well as less frequent diseases (CMV-infection, MAC-infection, fungal pneumonias) are presented.

The article contains facts about the incidence of pulmonary diseases according to the severity of HIV-associated immunodeficiency. This review also presents current information on the diagnostic criteria, treatment regimens and secondary prophylaxis for HIV-associated respiratory infections and malignancies. The specialties of ART initiation in definite cases of opportunistic infections and ART assignment during the diagnostic period are highlighted.

The growing number of HIV-infected patients and the wide spectrum of possible pulmonary diseases argue the need for optimal clinical approach to HIV-infected patients with respiratory lesions for various physicians (general practitioners, pulmonologists and phthisiatricians).
Granüler Zemine Oturan Yüzeysel Kare Temelin Altındaki Gerilme Artışının Küçük Ölçekli Model Deneylerle İncelenmesi
Authors: ATEŞ Bayram , ŞADOĞLU Erol
Published: October 2020

Son 50 yıl içinde yüzeysel temeller üzerinde, güvenilir ve ekonomik tasarım yöntemleri geliştirmek için kapsamlı nümerik, analitik ve deneysel çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Artan ve karmaşık hale gelen yükleri zemine aktarma problemi ile karşılaşan geoteknik mühendisleri için; zeminde meydana gelecek oturmaları ve gerilme dağılışlarını tespit etmek kaçınılmaz hale gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada, granüler zemine oturan model yüzeysel temel altında meydana gelen düşey gerilme artışı değişimleri deneysel ve analitik olarak araştırılmıştır. Deneysel çalışmalar kapsamında, kum iki farklı rölatif sıkılıkta tanka yerleştirilmiş ve üç farklı derinlikte (z/B=1, z/B=2, z/B=3) yerleştirilen basınç ölçerler yardımıyla düşey gerilme artışları ölçülmüştür. Ayrıca zeminin, Elastisite Teorisine dayanan analitik yöntemlerle (Boussinesq, Westergaard) ve Boston kuralı (Yaklaşık yöntemle) düşey gerilme artışları hesaplanmıştır. Küçük ölçekli model deneylerle elde edilen tüm değerler incelendiğinde, rölatif sıkılığın zemindeki gerilme dağılışında etkili bir parametre olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte Elastisite Teorisine bağlı çözümlerin zemindeki gerilme artışlarını belirlemede yetersiz kalabileceği görülmüştür.
Peculiarities of influence of NO-synthase inhibitors on behavioral parameters of rats
Authors: Bashkatova Valentina G. , Bogdanova Natalia G. , Alexeeva Elena V. , Nazarova Galina A. , Sudakov Sergey K.
Published: October 2020

Aim. A comparative study of the influence of nitric oxide synthase (NO-synthase) inhibitors on the parameters of anxiety, motor activity and pain sensitivity of rats.
Materials and Methods. The work was conducted on male rats of Wistar line. The anxiety level and locomotor activity of rats were studied in the elevated plus maze (EPM) test. Pain sensitivity of the animals was tested on the hotplate apparatus. In the work, selective inhibitor of inducible isoform of NO-synthase aminoguanidine at a dose of 50 mg/kg, and non-selective inhibitor of this enzyme N-nitro-L-arginine at a dose of 50 mg/kg, were used. Rats of the control group were introduced the equivalent quantity of normal saline.
NO-synthase inducible inhibitor aminoguadinine did not produce any influence on the anxiety level, but led to reduction of the horizontal motor activity of rats. Introduction of non-selective NO-synthase inhibitor N-nitro-L-arginine was accompanied by reduction of the anxiety and of the locomotor activity of animals in the EPM test. Both investigated NO-synthase inhibitors induced alteration of pain sensitivity of rats in the form of hypoalgesia. Here, the most pronounced nociceptive effect was observed with introduction of non-selective NO-synthase inhibitor.
Conclusion. In the work the evidence of participation of inducible isoform of NO-synthase in realization of the motor activity and pain sensitivity processes in rats is shown. In result of the conducted experiments it was found that introduction of non-selective NO-synthase inhibitor N-nitro-L-arginine was accompanied by evident alterations of anxious behavior, locomotor activity and nociceptive sensitivity of rats. The results obtained confirm the important role of the system of regulation of nitric oxide synthesis in neurochemical mechanisms of behavioral reactions in rats.
Factors of biological nature in work of mobile teams of emergency medical care station on the eve of pandemics of new coronavirus infection (COVID-19)
Authors: Bolobonkina Tatyana A. , Dementyev Alexey A. , Shatrova Natalya V. , Yankina Svetlana V.
Published: October 2020

Aim. Determination of the actual spectrum of pathogenic microorganisms to which medical workers of mobile teams of emergency medical care (EMC) are exposed, and scientific justification of the class of the working conditions of this professional group in terms of the biological factor.
Materials and Methods. Data of the electronic journal of the automated Ambulance Service control system for infectious patients, and records of the register for infectious diseases among workers of the municipal emergency medical care station of Ryazan (300 medical assistants, 64 doctors) for 2016-2019 were used.
Results. The average amount of calls to patients with infectious pathology in 2016-2019 made 2178.5221.3 per year. Most emergency calls were for intestinal infections, common cases were varicella, erysipelas, viral hepatites, tuberculosis infection, herpes zoster. The main load in servicing these calls fell on linear (from 63.7 to 77.4%) and pediatric (from 24.8 to 35.1%) teams; calls of resuscitation teams to patients of such profile were sporadic. The level of infectious morbidity of doctors made 0.78 cases per 100 doctors which is 1.2-fold higher than the level of medical assistants (t=3.79; р=0.0003).
Conclusion. The confirmed cases of diseases of the studied group of workers resulting from professional contacts with sources of infections of Group III pathogenicity permits to refer the working conditions of medical workers of mobile teams of emergency medical care stations to hazard Class II. However, a high probability for professional contact with high pathogenicity strains of group A influenza, HIV-1 and HIV-2, hepatitis C, D, E viruses belonging to Group II pathogenicity, and existence of the evident contacts with SARS-CoV-2, permit to raise the class of the working conditions to hazard Class III.
Combination of the right heart pathology and varicose disease as a factor of development of trophic changes in the lower extremities: a case report
Authors: Kalinin Roman E. , Suchkov Igor A. , Patel Malay D. , Shanaev Ivan N. , Mzhavanadze Nina D.
Published: October 2020

Varicose disease is the most prevalent vascular disorder affecting lower extremities. Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is common in subjects with incompetent superficial and perforator veins. Major attention in pathogenesis of CVI is paid to horizontal venous reflux, while pathological blood flow in the superficial veins may sometimes be regarded as a postural reaction. At the same time cardiac pathology may also attribute to the development of CVI. The article presents a case report describing a female patient with combination of the right heart pathology and varicose disease associated with tricuspid regurgitation leading to constant venous reflux in the lower extremity superficial veins with further development of trophic changes.
Antibacterial Properties of Nano-particles in Dental Restorative Materials: Literature Review
Authors: Aljubour Isra , Aljubour Ala
Published: October 2020

Nanotechnology has been receiving a great importance because of its ability to modulate materials into their nano size. This has drastically led to many changes in chemical, physical and optical properties of almost all metals. The aim of the present literature review is to examine and quantitatively analyze the current evidence for the addition of different nanoparticles into dental restorative materials, to determine whether their incorporation increases the antibacterial/antimicrobial properties of the materials. The incorporation of nanoparticles into dental restorative materials was a favorable option we found during our review; the antibacterial activity of nanoparticle-modified dental materials was significantly higher compared with the original unmodified materials, TiO2 nanoparticles providing the greatest benefits. However, the high heterogeneity among the articles reviewed points to the need for further research and the application of standardized research protocols.
IMPLEMENTASI SENSOR MQ 4 DAN SENSOR DHT 22 PADA SISTEM KOMPOS PINTAR BERBASIS IOT (SIKOMPI)
Authors: Kevin Diantoro
Published: October 2020

Intisari — Pada proses pengomposan, suhu dan kelembaban harus stabil, tidak boleh terlalu kering atau terlalu lembab agar bakteri dan mikroba pada proses penguraian tidak mati dan dapat bekerja secara optimal. Pada proses pengomposan berlangsung, terjadi pembusukan bahan-bahan yang digunakan yang menghasilkan gas metana. Kadar gas metana yang tinggi berbahaya jika terhirup oleh manusia dan dapat menyebabkan kerusakan pada ozon sehingga menyebabkan efek rumah kaca. Maka dari itu dibuatlah sistem monitoring pada alat pembuatan kompos dengan sistem Internet of Things (IoT) agar pengguna dapat dengan mudah memonitoring kondisi suhu, kelembaban, dan kandungan gas metana yang ada pada kompos saat proses pengomposan berlangsung. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan sensor DHT22 untuk monitoring suhu dan kelembaban, sensor MQ4 untuk monitoring kadar gas metana dan Wemos D1 R1 sebagai pusat pengolahan data dan komunikasi antara sensor dan aplikasi blynk. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian didapatkan selisih antara pembacaan sensor dht22 dengan alat kalibrasi untuk suhu sebesar 1.2℃ dengan error 3.6% dan untuk kelembaban sebesar 0.1% dengan error sebesar 1%. Sedangkan untuk kadar gas metana pada hari pertama sebesar 324 ppm dan berangsur turun sampai hari ke-10 yaitu sebesar 227 ppm. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa sistem monitoring bekerja dengan baik serta suhu dan kelembaban sesuai dengan standar, yaitu 35℃ - 45℃ untuk suhu dan 40% - 60% untuk kelembaban.

 

Kata kunci — Pupuk Kompos, Suhu, Kelembaban, Gas Metana, IoT.