bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Guasanas. Fabulario de la abuela
Authors: Madrigal Toribio Francisco Javier
Published: February 2025

Las historias de este libro se disfrutan igual que las guasanas. A lo largo de estas páginas desfilan sabrosamente decenas de historias; unas, a todas luces inventadas, alternando con los temas tradicionales mil veces escuchados y recreados; pero eso no importa, porque no es un duelo de inventiva ni de buena memoria; es un desafío de ingenio en la palabra. En este encuentro el elemento a juzgar no será el tema, sino el lenguaje; un lenguaje ocurrente y mañoso, plagado de disparates, incongruencias y con un humor al más puro estilo cuenta-cuentero campesino. Al final de la lectura quedarán ya eternamente ligados guasanas y relatos, no sólo por asociación de deleites, sino porque, con el tiempo, uno reconoce los mismos ingredientes en unas y otros: brevedad, sencillez en el sabor, y, sobre todo, mucha sal.
Ecosystem services of insectivorous bats in intensively managed arable land benefit from adjacent near-natural areas
Authors: Kelling Marit , Scholz Carolin , Roeleke Manuel , Blohm Torsten , Pufelski Jan , Nathan Ran , Toledo Sivan , Jeltsch Florian , Voigt Christian
Published: February 2025

Ecosystem services provided by insectivorous bats are an important yet underappreciated economic benefit of biodiversity. To investigate what is needed to maintain these services, we asked whether bat-mediated ecosystem services depend on near-natural areas adjacent to farmland. We used high-throughput tracking and genetic sequencing to determine the habitat use and diet of 128 common noctule bats (Nyctalus noctula). Common noctule bats spent an average of 55% of their foraging time over arable land, although arable land made up more than 95% of the area within their activity range, indicating avoidance. In contrast, bats foraged 14% of the time over water and wetlands, which constituted only 0.5% of the area, indicating a strong preference. Consequently, the overall diet consisted mainly of insects with aquatic larval stages. Of all insects consumed, 23% were pests, highlighting the ecological importance of noctule bats in both near-natural and human-altered ecosystems. Our data suggest that the ecosystem services provided by bats on farmland may depend strongly on adjacent near-natural areas where they can find sufficient insects to meet their energy demands. These findings highlight the need to maintain a high degree of habitat heterogeneity for the conservation of bat species and their contribution to sustainable agriculture.
Distribution Institution Of Subsidized Fuel For Fishermen In Kangkung Village, Bandar Lampung City
Authors: Sitanggang Rostuti Lusiwati , Damai Abdullah Aman , Supono Supono , Riantini Maya , Tresiana Novita , Febryano Indra Gumay
Published: February 2025

The distribution of subsidized fuel for fishermen is largely determined by government regulations and policies. A well-implemented distribution institution ensures that subsidized fuel reaches fishermen appropriately. This study aims to analyze the institutionalization of subsidized fuel for fishermen in Kangkung Village, Bumi Waras District, Bandar Lampung City. The approach used is a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data collection through in-depth interviews, participatory observation and documentation studies. Data processing is carried out to analyze the institutionalization of subsidized fuel distribution for fishermen. The results of the study indicate that fishermen who use diesel fuel obtain subsidized diesel fuel at fishermen's fuel station according to the provisions set by the Downstream Regulatory Agency Committee Oil and Fuel. Not all fishermen can meet the required provisions. This causes there are still fishermen who cannot access subsidized diesel fuel for their business needs. Fishermen who use Pertalite also cannot freely access subsidized pertalite at the fuel station due to less supportive institutional governance. Thus, it is still necessary for the government to improve regulations so that distribution is more effective and controlled, so that subsidized fuel can be accessed evenly by small fishermen.
The Influence of Convenience, Trust, Risk Literacy on Decisions to Use Shopee PayLater (Student Case Study)
Authors: Hasibuan Widiyani , Siregar Saparuddin , Lubis Fauzi Arif
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study is to investigate how students' decisions to use the Shopee PayLater feature are influenced by ease of use, trust, and risk literacy. Using a quantitative approach, this research was carried out as a field study with a population of students who have tried or used the service; the sample consisted of 100 respondents, and data was gathered through questionnaires and analyzed using simple linear regression. The results show that risk literacy, trust, and ease of use, both separately and together, significantly influence students' decisions to use Shopee PayLater.
The Influence of Perceived Convenience, Service Features and Trust on E-Toll Using Behavior
Authors: Fauzan Muhammad , Harahap M. Ikhsan , B. Syarbaini Ahmad Muhaisin
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze the influence of perceived ease of use, service features, and trust on the behavior of using e-toll. E-toll is an innovation in digital payments designed to facilitate transactions on toll roads. Factors such as ease of use, completeness of features, and level of trust in the e-toll system are believed to influence the adoption of this technology by users. This research uses a quantitative approach with a survey method involving 100 randomly selected e-toll users on the North Sumatra toll route. Data were collected through a questionnaire measured using a Likert scale and analyzed using multiple linear regression to examine the relationships between variables. The results indicate that perceived ease of use, service features, and trust, both individually and simultaneously, have a significant influence on the behavior of using e-toll. This study concludes that enhancing the ease of use, completeness of features, and trust in the e-toll system can increase the usage of this service. Therefore, e-toll service providers need to continuously improve these three factors to encourage wider adoption.
History and Development of Private Military Companies(PMCs): Focusing on the Expansion and Implications of Korean Private Military Corporations(K-PMCs) in Non-Combat Field
Authors:   Korean Association For Political And Diplomatic History, Yun Jiwon
Published: February 2025

Due to the rapid international situation and changes in the aspects of future warfare, private military companies(PMCs) are being used and expanded in various ways around the world under the post-Cold War era. Considered a third military model, PMCs collectively refers to a private military company that, unlike past mercenaries, legally provides services and pursues profit in a wide range of military and security sectors through the professional provision of military goods and services. At present, some countries, such as the U.S. and the UK, are pushing for PMCs to effectively manage limited national resources while pursuing defense reforms. Through these efforts, these countries are achieving ripple effects including job creation and defense budget reduction. In this context, the aim of this article is to propose a strategic operation and utilization plan of Korean private military companies(K-PMCs) as a way to effectively prepare for the reduction of defense manpower and the current and future security threats facing Korean Army. Most of all, in order to improve defense efficiency and combat power, Korean Army should prioritize the scope of K-PMCs’s activities in terms of total force, focusing on non-combat areas that require necessary fields and competencies suitable for military missions in accordance with pre- and normal times and risks. Also, in order to effectively operate and expand K-PMCs, the relevant measures should be specified in the legislation under the support of the National Assembly and the government, and the Ministry of National Defense should continuously supplement it through the introduction of the national defense certification system. As a result, Korean Army should utilize K-PMCs as a virtuous cycle opportunity of defense and economy based on strengthening combat power, re-employment of discharged soldiers and expansion of business and civilian manpower centered on non-combat field through gradual expansion of K-PMCs.
A Study on Syngman Rhee’s Liberal Perspective on International Politics: Focusing on Japan Inside Out
Authors:   Korean Association For Political And Diplomatic History, Lee Chul Soon , Jin Sil , Kim Jin young
Published: February 2025

This study explores Syngman Rhee’s perspective on international politics, focusing on his 1941 publication, Japan Inside Out. Existing researches have predominatly characterized Rhee as a realist who interpreted international politics through the lens of power politics. However, this study highlights his liberal aspects that previous research has overlooked. We argue that Rhee’s views on international politics resonate with modern liberalist school, which integrates the aspects of both realism and idealism. Rhee criticized the appeasement policies of the Allied Powers toward the Axis Powers during the interwar period while simultaneously emphasizing the importance of the spread of democracy and cooperation among democratic states. His perspective closely parallels the core tenets of liberalism, particularly the ‘Democratic Peace Theory.’ Furthermore, this study compares Rhee’s concept of a “family of nations” with Immanuel Kant’s “federation of nations,” illustrating how Rhee’s vision of international politics reflects a modern liberal aspect that synthesizes realism and idealism.
The ROK-U.S. Alliance and Syngman Rhee: Complex Dialectic Discourses of Recognition and Negation in the 1950s
Authors:   Korean Association For Political And Diplomatic History, Kim Myongsob
Published: February 2025

This article examines the complex dialectic discourses of recognition and negation related to the ROK-US alliance and Syngman Rhee, the first President of the Republic of Korea, who played the significant role in the formation of this alliance in 1953.
The predominance of the discourse recognizing both the ROK- US Alliance and Syngman Rhee(the A quadrant in the map of this article) began to decline rapidly after 1960. Discourses negating both Syngman Rhee and the ROK-U.S. alliance (C quadrant) or recognizing the ROK-U.S. alliance but negating Syngman Rhee (D quadrant) replaced the initial discourse (A quadrant). Discourses of the C and D quadrants were easily associated because both of them negated Syngman Rhee. Neutralism related to Communist North Korea was an aspect that facilitated the association between the two latter discourses(C and D quadrants). The neutralist stance was incompatible with the idea of an alliance but it segued more seamlessly to the D quadrant than other discourses in the C quadrant that bluntly opposed the ROK-US alliance.
Investigation of Heart Rate Variability and Prediction of Success in Youth Ice Hockey
Authors:   Department of Physical Therapy and Sports Medicine, a Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «North-Western state medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov», St. Petersburg, Russia, Oreshkov D.V. ,   Public Organization “Hockey Club SKA St. Petersburg”, Russia
Published: February 2025

Introduction: heart rate variability (HRV) analysis is employed in sports practice to assess current functional state, adaptation potential, early identification of maladaptation and overtraining, and to optimize the physical training process. This method is rarely used for athlete success prediction, which is highly demanded in modern sports, hence the relevance of the present study.
Objective: to explore heart rate variability indices in young hockey players and identify correlations between HRV parameters and athlete success.
Materials and methods: the study included 15 hockey players, 15 years of age, currently undergoing training. HRV was assessed using the “Omega” software and hardware complex by recording a 5-minute cardiointervalogram at rest. Statistical and spectral HRV parameters were analyzed. Athlete success was evaluated based on overall match statistics.
Results: 13 out of 15 (84.6%) athletes exhibited type III HRV regulation according to the N.I. Shlyk classification, with a predominant VLF component contributing the most to the total power (TP). Significant correlations were found between TP (0.61), VLF (0.65), and SDNN (0.53) HRV parameters and the integrated success index (points scored per game) (p<0.01).
Conclusions: heart rate variability can be utilized for predicting functional readiness and success in upcoming hockey matches in young players based on comparative assessment of TP, VLF, and SDNN parameters.
Islamic Financial Literacy and Inclusion of Muslim Women in The Argopuro Jember Elite Residential
Authors: Mahfiyah Mahfiyah
Published: February 2025

Financial literacy and inclusion are one of the government's programs. It has remained an important issue in recent years. Although there are many studies on Islamic financial literacy and inclusion, it is still rare to target Muslim women in Elite Residential. The purpose of this study is to find out how Islamic financial literacy and inclusion in Muslim Women in The Argopuro Jember Elite Residential. The method used in this study is qualitative. The primary data in this study is Muslim women in Argopuro tea Housing while the secondary data comes from journals or books. The results of this study show that Islamic financial literacy and inclusion in Muslim women in The Argopuro Residential in Jember is still low and needs to be improved. It is inversely proportional to conventional financial literacy and inclusion which is quite good. This research can be a consideration for policy makers in determining strategies to increase Islamic financial literacy and inclusion in Indonesia, especially for women from various social classes.
The Impact of Fiscal Policy on Foreign Direct Investments in Albania
Authors: Çelo Dr. Robert , Bega Rovena
Published: February 2025

Fiscal policy plays an important role in shaping the economic climate of a country, especially when it comes to attracting foreign direct investment. Fiscal policy, which includes the tax system and public spending, is a key factor in creating a favorable environment for foreign investors. In recent years, Albania has implemented reforms that have reduced the rates of profit tax and personal income tax, making the tax system more attractive to investors. These measures, in addition to fiscal incentives for strategic sectors such as energy and tourism, have improved the business climate. Macroeconomic stability is another critical aspect, as a stable economy with low inflation and political certainty helps boost investor confidence. A developed infrastructure and high-quality public services also contribute to the attraction of investments. However, Albania continues to face challenges such as corruption and the need to diversify investment sources. Corruption can negatively affect investor perception and increase operating costs. To maximize its potential, Albania must address these challenges and continue to improve its infrastructure and tax administration. This analysis emphasizes the importance of a stable and predictable fiscal policy to increase foreign direct investment flows and ensure sustainable economic development in the country.
Incompleteness in filling out the tuberculosis notification form among indigenous people in Rondônia
Authors: Souza Gisele Aparecida Soares Cunha de , Vieira Letícia do Nascimento Sarabia , Bonfim Rafaele Oliveira , Orfão Nathalia Halax
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Notification of tuberculosis is essential for epidemiological surveillance, especially among vulnerable populations such as Indigenous people. Objective: To assess the incompleteness of TB notification among Indigenous people in Rondônia - Brazil. Method: A descriptive epidemiological study with a quantitative approach, based on tuberculosis records stratified by age group (child, adolescent, adult, and elderly) in the Notifiable Diseases Information System from 2008 to 2020 and incompleteness was assessed using percentage variation. Results: 305 TB cases were analyzed. Among the mandatory variables, two were more than 50% incomplete in all age groups: sensitivity test (75.43%) and transfer destination (100%). Among the essential variables, there was an incompleteness between 20% and 50% in the 6th month of sputum smear microscopy and the occupation variable. Conclusion: Incompleteness was predominated among the variables entered after 2014 and the essential variables were identified as crucial for epidemiological calculations and the organization of case management.
Environmental Justice through Nostalgia and Solastalgia: Literary Representations of Ethnic Minority Children in Rural China
Authors: He Xiang , Du Yunfei
Published: February 2025

As climate change is now a global imperative that interlocks with socio-economic shifts related to the environment, ecocriticism has come to play a newly important role in children's literature. China has been reconfigured by unprecedented social and economic transformation in past decades, yet at the cost of various environmental justice issues that largely impact underrepresented children in rural regions and ethnic minority communities. Many minority communities in China have borne disproportionate consequences of climate change and have endured the loss of indigenous culture due to the uneven impacts of development. This paper analyses a range of narratives about minority youth and children in China – in particular, Gerelchimeg Blackcrane's Ju Han [ The Ewenki Moose] (2015) and Li Ruijun's River Road (2014) – to draw attention to the entanglement of environmental justice and affective ecocriticism in children's literature. Both texts portray how ecological affect unfolds in children's interactions with natural environments and with authentic, fading traditions of cultural values in rural minority communities. Focusing on the ecological nostalgia and solastalgia manifested in the aforementioned literary works, this analysis foregrounds said affect as a catalyst for an ecological agency that helps construct the reader's awareness of ontological, epistemological, and political dimensions of life in an era that has been transformed by environmental catastrophes. Reading the decline of nature and traditional cultures as a consequence of an encroachment of capitalist industrialisation, this paper also aims to shed light on the theoretical potential of affect theory in reading children's literature.
Musical Aptitude and Phonemic Processing of English as L2 by Arabic Speakers
Authors: Shim Ji Young , Hwang Heeju , Sallam Aya
Published: February 2025

It is suggested that there is a connection between musical aptitude and the ability to process phonemes in a second language (L2) through acoustic processing. Previous research indicates that musical ability might aid in the processing of L2 vowel sounds, while findings regarding musical ability and L2 consonant processing are inconsistent. While some argue that musical aptitude can facilitate the processing of consonant phonemes, others contend that there is no correlation between musical ability and consonant phonemic processing. To address this issue, the present study examined whether the musical aptitude of Arabic speakers is closely linked to their processing of L2 English consonant phonemes, focusing on two English consonant phonemes absent in Arabic. Results indicated a strong correlation between Arabic speakers’ musical aptitude and their accuracy in processing of English consonant phonemes. These findings suggest that individuals with better musical skills among Arabic speakers are more adept at perceiving English phonemes that do not exist in Arabic. These results have implications for the potential use of music as a pedagogical tool in L2 classrooms.
Antiviral roles of eosinophils in asthma and respiratory viral infection
Authors: Sasaki Hisashi , Miyata Jun , Kawana Akihiko , Fukunaga Koichi
Published: February 2025

Eosinophils are immune cells that are crucial for the pathogenesis of allergic diseases, such as asthma. These cells play multifunctional roles in various situations, including infection. They are activated during viral infections and exert antiviral activity. Pattern recognition receptors, toll-like receptor 7 and retinoic acid inducible gene-I, are important for the recognition and capture of RNA viruses. In addition, intracellular granule proteins (eosinophil cationic protein and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin) and intracellular nitric oxide production inactivate and/or degrade RNA viruses. Interestingly, eosinophil-synthesizing specialized pro-resolving mediators possess antiviral properties that inhibit viral replication. Thus, eosinophils may play a protective role during respiratory virus infections. Notably, antiviral activities are impaired in patients with asthma, and eosinophil activities are perturbed in proportion with the severity of asthma. The exact roles of eosinophils in RNA virus (rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and influenza virus)-induced type 2 inflammation-based asthma exacerbation remain unclear. Our research demonstrates that interferons (IFN-α and IFN-γ) stimulate human eosinophils to upregulate antiviral molecules, including guanylate-binding proteins and tripartite motifs. Furthermore, IFN-γ specifically increases the expression of IL5RA, ICAM-1, and FCGR1A, potentially enhancing cellular responsiveness to IL-5, ICAM-1-mediated adhesion to rhinoviruses, and IgG-induced inflammatory responses, respectively. In this review, we have summarized the relationship between viral infections and asthma and the mechanisms underlying the development of antiviral functions of human and mouse eosinophils in vivo and in vitro.
Metal-dependent cell death resistance contribute to lymph node metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Liu Xuan-Hao , Wang Guang-Rui , Zhong Nian-Nian , Zhu Zheng-Rui , Xiao Yao , Li Zheng , Bu Lin-Lin , Liu Bing
Published: February 2025

Objectives

Ferroptosis and cuproptosis can be summarized as metal-dependent cell death. This study aimed to explore the expression of metal-dependent cell death resistance (MCDR) characteristics in tumor cells of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to explore its relationship with lymph node metastasis (LNM).

Methods

By integrating single-cell data of OSCC from public databases, an expression matrix comprising 127,149 cells was constructed. Gene set scores were calculated using the irGSEA package, and GO and KEGG analyses were performed to identify enriched pathways. The R package monocle3 was employed to calculate the cell trajectory and infer evolutionary patterns. The MuSiC2 package was employed to enable the evaluation of cell proportions. Cell-cell interaction information was analyzed using the CellChat package. The expression of cathepsin V (CTSV), glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) was validated via immunohistochemistry and multiplex immunohistochemistry in oral mucosa (OM), non-metastatic primary tumors (nPT), and metastatic primary tumors (mPT). Additionally, R package oncoPredict was utilized to identify potential drug sensitivities.

Results

The malignant cells in OSCC were divided into five subtypes, among which Epi_2 existed more in mPT and had higher MCDR characteristics. In addition, Epi_2 enriched multiple malignant-related pathways such as HEDGEHOG, NOTCH, and MYC. The spatial transcriptome and bulk RNA data verified that the proportion of Epi_2 in mPT was higher than that in nPT. Cell communication analysis showed that the effect of Epi_2 on endothelial cells was enhanced, which was mainly reflected in VEGFR and CXCL signaling pathways. Immunohistochemical results showed that the expression of Epi_2 characteristic markers CTSV and GPX4 in mPT was significantly higher than that in nPT. Multiplex immunohistochemical results showed that the co-expression cells of CTSV, GPX4 and CDKN2A in mPT were more than those in nPT. OSCC patients with high Epi_2 characteristics may have immunotherapy resistance and anti-EGFR treatment resistance. Doramapimod was identified as a sensitive drug.

Conclusion

There is a type of malignant cells with characteristics of MDCR in OSCC, which is related to LNM and treatment resistance. It provides a predictive marker for early diagnosis of LNM.
Roles for the 3D genome in the cell cycle, DNA replication, and double strand break repair
Authors: Giles Katherine A. , Taberlay Phillippa C. , Cesare Anthony J. , Jones Mathew J. K.
Published: February 2025

Large eukaryotic genomes are packaged into the restricted area of the nucleus to protect the genetic code and provide a dedicated environment to read, copy and repair DNA. The physical organisation of the genome into chromatin loops and self-interacting domains provides the basic structural units of genome architecture. These structural arrangements are complex, multi-layered, and highly dynamic and influence how different regions of the genome interact. The role of chromatin structures during transcription via enhancer-promoter interactions is well established. Less understood is how nuclear architecture influences the plethora of chromatin transactions during DNA replication and repair. In this review, we discuss how genome architecture is regulated during the cell cycle to influence the positioning of replication origins and the coordination of DNA double strand break repair. The role of genome architecture in these cellular processes highlights its critical involvement in preserving genome integrity and cancer prevention.
Path choice in transport systems: comparing random, quantum, and fuzzy utility models in a small network
Authors: Vitetta Antonino
Published: February 2025

This paper considers the problem of path choice models in transport systems. It is studied within the wider problem of choice models. The main issues discussed are the classification of the utility choice model, also considering the non-random classes as quantum and fuzzy; the specification of path choice with particular reference to the easy-to-apply models within the assignment model; and a numerical results comparison in a small test system to allow the results control in each element and the reproduction. The random, quantum, and fuzzy utility models are different, and the validity of each must be tested case by case. With the assumed parameters, the models cover different trends in simulating paths overlapping. The models require application in a real system and calibration of the parameters with real data.
Changes of potential shorty-chain fatty acids producing bacteria in the gut of patients with spinal cord injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhong Zaowei , Fan Fei , Lv Junqiao , Wang Zhiqiang , Wang Beiyang , Deng Chen , Sun Lin
Published: February 2025

Gut bacteria that potential produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) influences the recovery of motor function in the host in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). We aimed to conduct a review and meta-analysis of the literature on gut microbiota in SCI patients. Following the Preferred Reporting Project for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA), we searched Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science (WOS) and ClinicalTrials.gov. The search period was from inception to March 31, 2024. We reported standardized mean differences (d) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and used funnel plots and Egger tests to assess publication bias. The subacute of SCI data set revealed the microflora changes in the subacute phase, and meta-analysis summarized the changes in the chronic phase. Eleven studies (720 participants) were included, 2 phyla, 1 order, and 14 genus meta-analyses performed. No substantial heterogeneity was observed, and significant publication bias was not found among the studies included. In the subacute phase of spinal cord injury, the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, Clostridiales, Faecalbacterium, Ruminococcus, Coprococcus, Lachnospira, Dorea, Prevotella, Roseburia, Atopobium, Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, and Blautia increased. Firmicutes and Lactobacillus decreased. In the chronic phase, Firmicutes decreased in the SCI group. Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Blautia, and Eubacterium were found to have a higher average proportion of abundance in patients with SCI compared to non-SCI persons, and Clostridiales, Ruminococcus, Faecalbacterium, Coprococcus, and Lachnospira showed a lower relative abundance in SCI. The genus of potential SCFAs-producing bacteria is lower in the chronic phase of spinal cord injury than in the subacute phase, and gut dysbiosis is present in both the subacute and chronic phases.
The results of polymerase chain reaction and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry versus phenotypic distinction between Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella oxytoca
Authors: Palusiak Agata , Maciejewska Anna , Łukasiewicz Jolanta
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Klebsiella pneumoniae and K. oxytoca are members of Enterobacteriaceae. They are Gram-negative, non-motile rods that are ubiquitous in the environment and part of the human intestinal microbiota. These opportunistic pathogens may cause pneumonia and urinary tract infections. Klebsiella species are genetically and biochemically similar; therefore, it is important to find reliable methods for their differentiation.

Methods

This study presents the results of biochemical assays, PCR, and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (MS) performed on 35 Klebsiella isolates obtained from the urine of patients from central Poland.

Results

Among biochemical methods, the indole test demonstrated the highest discriminatory power, whereas the determination of growth at 10°C was the least effective. For all strains biochemically identified as K. pneumoniae, a 108-bp amplicon was detected, indicating the presence of the rpoB gene in their genome. Only 12 K. oxytoca isolates produced a product of the pehX gene. All tested strains were analyzed using the MALDI-TOF Biotyper, which confirmed, with high-quality scores, their identification based on api 20E and indole tests. Strain 0.011 was identified as Raoultella ornithinolytica.

Conclusion

MALDI-TOF MS analysis proved to be the most reliable method for identifying K. oxytoca and K. pneumoniae, with the potential for phylogroup differentiation.
The LysR-type transcriptional regulator STY2660 is involved in outer membrane protein synthesis, bile resistance and motility in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi
Authors: Gama-Martínez Yitzel , Hernández Victor M. , Encarnación-Guevara Sergio , Martínez-Batallar Ángel , Hernández-Lucas Ismael
Published: February 2025

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, the etiological agent of Typhoid fever in humans, contains 44 LysR-type transcriptional regulators (LTTRs), most of which are annotated as hypothetical proteins whose roles are not yet described. In this work we demonstrated by mutants, growth evaluation in bile salts, transcriptional fusions, EMSAs, outer membrane protein profiles and motility assays, that the S. Typhi LTTR STY2660 is involved in two regulatory networks: FNR-STY2660-OmpR-OmpC for porin synthesis and bile resistance and FNR-STY2660-OmpR-FliD for motility. Thus, the LTTR STY2660 is able to establish genetic communication with master regulatory proteins to promote and efficiently respond to adverse conditions present in the host.
Loss of Bmal1 impairs the glutamatergic light input to the SCN in mice
Authors: Korkmaz Hüseyin , Anstötz Max , Wellinghof Tim , Fazari Benedetta , Hallenberger Angelika , Bergmann Ann Kathrin , Niggetiedt Elena , Güven Fatma Delâl , Tundo-Lavalle Federica , Purath Fathima Faiba A. , Bochinsky Kevin , Gremer Lothar , Willbold Dieter , von Gall Charlotte , Ali Amira A. H.
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Glutamate represents the dominant neurotransmitter that conveys the light information to the brain, including the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the central pacemaker for the circadian system. The neuronal and astrocytic glutamate transporters are crucial for maintaining efficient glutamatergic signaling. In the SCN, glutamatergic nerve terminals from the retina terminate on vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) neurons, which are essential for circadian functions. To date, little is known about the role of the core circadian clock gene, Bmal1, in glutamatergic neurotransmission of light signal to various brain regions.

Methods

The aim of this study was to further elucidate the role of Bmal1 in glutamatergic neurotransmission from the retina to the SCN. We therefore examined the spontaneous rhythmic locomotor activity, neuronal and glial glutamate transporters, as well as the ultrastructure of the synapse between the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and the SCN in adult male Bmal1−/− mice.

Results

We found that the deletion of Bmal1 affects the light-mediated behavior in mice, decreases the retinal thickness and affects the vesicular glutamate transporters (vGLUT1, 2) in the retina. Within the SCN, the immunoreaction of vGLUT1, 2, glial glutamate transporters (GLAST) and VIP was decreased while the glutamate concentration was elevated. At the ultrastructure level, the presynaptic terminals were enlarged and the distance between the synaptic vesicles and the synaptic cleft was increased, indicative of a decrease in the readily releasable pool at the excitatory synapses in Bmal1−/−.

Conclusion

Our data suggests that Bmal1 deletion affects the glutamate transmission in the retina and the SCN and affects the behavioral responses to light.
Clinical application of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a scoping review
Authors: Luo Chunmei , Zhang Baocheng , Zhou Jing , Yu Keqiang , Chang Degui
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Chronic pelvic pain syndrome is a common condition characterized by persistent symptoms that are difficult to treat. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is considered a safe treatment option for alleviating chronic pelvic pain, but different stimulation protocols can affect pain relief outcomes. Establishing an optimal stimulation protocol can enhance the uniformity and consistency of rTMS to provide a potentially effective therapeutic intervention. This review sought to systematically review and assess the existing literature on transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients experiencing chronic pelvic pain syndrome, evaluate the therapeutic efficacy, and determine the most effective stimulation protocol.

Methods

A comprehensive search was conducted across three databases, supplemented by manual searches. Two researchers independently reviewed and extracted relevant studies and subsequently performed a thorough analysis of all available clinical data.

Results

A total of eight studies were ultimately incorporated into the analysis. These comprised two randomized controlled trials, one self-controlled trial, two case reports, and three prospective studies. All studies demonstrated a notable reduction in pain scores post-treatment.

Conclusion

rTMS has demonstrated efficacy in alleviating pain in individuals suffering from chronic pelvic pain syndrome. It is regarded as a safe intervention with minimal adverse effects. Nonetheless, the variability observed across studies hindered our ability to conclusively determine the most effective stimulation sites and parameters. Additional research is essential to reduce bias, enhance methodological rigor, and ascertain the optimal conditions and indications for brain stimulation to optimize the therapeutic effectiveness of rTMS.

Systematic Review Registration

https://inplasy.com/projects/, identifier INPLASY2023120112.
Computer-assisted stereoelectroencephalography planning: center-specific priors enhance planning
Authors: Dasgupta Debayan , Elliott Cameron A. , O’Keeffe Aidan G. , Rodionov Roman , Li Kuo , Vakharia Vejay N. , Mirza Farhan A. , Tahir M. Zubair , Tisdall Martin M. , Miserocchi Anna , McEvoy Andrew W. , Ourselin Sebastien , Sparks Rachel E. , Duncan John S.
Published: February 2025

Objectives

This study aims to refine computer-assisted planning (CAP) of SEEG implantations by adding spatial constraints from prior SEEG trajectories (“Priors”) to improve safety and reduce manual adjustments, without increasing planning time.

Methods

Retrospective validation based on 159 previously implanted trajectories (11 cases) planned by the clinical standard CAP and CAP constrained with spatial priors (“CAP + Priors”). Constraints included 31 target and 51 entry zones, created from 98 consecutive patients (763 implanted SEEG trajectories). Each of the 159 previously implanted trajectories was planned by two fellows, once with CAP and once with CAP + Priors, in a randomized order. The time taken to generate the initial computer-generated plan (T1) and the user-edited final plan (T2) were recorded together with the proportions of electrodes that required subsequent adjustments. Clinical implantability was assessed via a blinded review of each trajectory by five independent epilepsy neurosurgeons with expertise in SEEG implantation.

Results

Expert raters considered 88.5% of trajectories implantable, with no difference in acceptability between CAP alone and CAP + Priors (p = 0.79). Median (IQR) T1 for CAP to produce complete automated implantation was 4.6 (0.85) min vs. CAP + Priors was 6.3 (2.6) min (p = 0.03). There was no significant difference in T2 (time to complete surgeon-edited plan): CAP median (IQR) 105 (22) min, and CAP + Priors median (IQR) 96 (68) min (p = 0.92). The CAP + Priors risk score was significantly lower than that for the previously actually implanted trajectories for the 11 plans analyzed (p = 0.004), and no different from CAP alone planning. A significant reduction was observed in manual adjustments required with CAP + Priors in the cingulate gyrus.

Conclusion

Using spatial priors from previous implantations enhances SEEG CAP and increases the granularity of trajectory planning. This approach facilitates more standardized planning and allows for the incorporation of experience from multiple expert centers, decreasing the risk of the resultant trajectories and reducing the proportion of trajectories that require manual planning without significantly increasing planning time.
Assessment of the impact of reconstitution therapies—cladribine tablets and alemtuzumab—on the atrophy progression among patients with relapse-remitting multiple sclerosis
Authors: Pogoda-Wesołowska Aleksandra , Stachura Ignacy , Zegadło Arkadiusz , Maciągowska-Terela Marzena , Sobolewska Karolina , Dębiec Aleksander , Staszewski Jacek , Stępień Adam
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Immune reconstitution therapies (IRT) are highly effective therapies for multiple sclerosis (MS). Among IRT, we can distinguish partially selective therapies such as cladribine in tablets (CLAD) and non-selective therapies, which include alemtuzumab (ALEM). Today, it is known that these therapies are effective in controlling the relapse activity of the disease and the progression of clinical disability, which has been proven both in clinical trials and in real world evidence (RWE). However, there is a lack of data assessing the effect of IRT on the neurodegenerative process, which is intensified in patients with MS. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of IRT treatment on the degree and pattern of brain atrophy in patients with MS during 3 years of observation.

Methods

Patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) treated with CLAD and ALEM were retrospectively recruited for the study. Demographic, clinical, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were collected at 4 time points: before the treatment and one, two, and three years after the treatment. MRI examinations were analyzed volumetrically using Freesurfer software. Global and regional changes in atrophy were assessed by calculating percentage changes in volume between time points. Results of drug groups were compared with each other.

Results

After 3 years of follow-up, statistically significant differences between groups were observed in hippocampus [p < 0.01] and amygdala volume changes [p < 0.01]. Ventral diencephalon atrophy was noted in both groups. On the other hand, in both groups, no significant atrophy of white and grey matter was noted. In addition, an increase in the thalamus volume was observed.

Discussion

In the studied groups, IRT therapies were shown to slow down the atrophy process in MS patients to a similar extent. These therapies may play a neuroprotective role by increasing the volume of the thalamus and hippocampus. The study was limited by the small number of both groups. Therefore, further studies are needed to fully assess the effect of reconstitution therapies on neurodegenerative processes in patients with RRMS.
Tumor gene expression signatures associated with outcome in large B−cell lymphoma treated with CD19-directed CAR T−cell therapy (axicabtagene ciloleucel)
Authors: Tian Yuan , Budka Justin , Locke Frederick L. , Westin Jason R. , To Christina , Tiwari Gayatri , Mao Daqin , Bedognetti Davide , Shen Rhine R. , Andrade Jorge , Filosto Simone
Published: February 2025

Introduction

CAR T cell therapy provided transformative outcomes for patients with B-cell lymphoma; however, a large fraction of patients remains at risk for relapse, underlying the need to uncover mechanisms of resistance and predictive biomarkers. Herein, we leveraged the ZUMA-7 phase III randomized trial of relapsed/refractory large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) patients treated with axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel; CD19-targeting CAR T cells) to discover tumor gene expression signatures (GES) associated with outcome.

Methods

With tumor transcriptomics from 134 axi-cel patients, we employed multivariate penalized Cox models analyzing event-free survival (EFS), progression-free survival (PFS), and duration of response (DOR).

Results and Discussion

We identified two novel GES, a six-gene/transcript signature (6-GES; CD19, CD45RA, CCL22, KLRK1, SOX11, SIGLEC5) correlated with improved outcome after axi-cel (HR: 0.27, 95% CI: 0.16–0.44 for EFS), representing lymphomas with abundant target antigen (CD19) expression, adhesion molecules, and relatively low immune infiltration mostly composed of cytotoxic lymphocytes (T and NK cells) and DCs, and secondly, a 17-gene/transcript signature (17-GES; CD45RO, BCL2, IL-18R1, TNFSF4 [OX40L], KLRB1 [CD161], KIR3DL2, ITGB8, DUSP5, GPC4, PSMB5, RPS6KB1, SERPINA9, NBN,GLUD1, ESR1, ARID1A, and SLC16A1) correlated with disease progression after axi-cel (HR: 6.12, 95% CI: 3.57–10.50 for EFS), consistent with high immune inflammation and escape mechanisms, such as the upregulation of genes involved in repair of damaged DNA or chromatin remodeling, inhibition of apoptosis, and a metabolically restrictive environment. These signatures did not correlate with outcome in the standard-of-care arm of ZUMA-7 (chemotherapy, followed by transplant) or frontline therapy, supporting their predictive rather than prognostic value. The findings were technically reproduced in a subset of ZUMA-7 samples profiled by RNA-seq (axi-cel, n=124; SOC, n=125). The 6-GES was reduced, whereas the 17-GES was elevated at progression post axi-cel, consistent with the notion that these signatures represent features relevant for response and resistance to CAR T-cell therapy.

Conclusion

Our transcriptomic analysis identified gene expression signatures potentially predictive of outcome with CD19-directed CAR T-cell therapy, and these findings are informative for risk stratification and development of next-generation products.
Glans ischemia in a 7-month-old boy who underwent correction of megaprepuce: case report and review of the literature
Authors: Kraske Susanne , Müller Fanny , Schellerer Vera
Published: February 2025

Acute glans ischemia is a severe complication that can occur after penile surgery, such as circumcision, hypospadias repair, or disassembly of the corpora in epispadias. This rare condition is described in the current literature, especially after circumcision, although it is the less invasive procedure among those previously mentioned. We present a case of 7-month-old boy who developed glans ischemia after correction of megaprepuce. The condition was treated by intravenous unfractionated heparin. In our case, the complication of ischemia was complete dehiscence of the suture line at the coronal sulcus. Glans penis recovered completely and secondary intention wound healing occurred within 4 weeks. We reviewed the literature over the past 43 years (1981–2023) to describe the current options of surveillance, treatment, and outcome of glans ischemia after penile surgery in boys.
Ectodermal dysplasia: a narrative review of the clinical and biological aspects relevant to oral health
Authors: Morandini Ana Carolina , Adeogun Oluwatomisin , Black Megan , Holman Emily , Collins Kaitlyn , James Wesley , Lally Laura , Fordyce Ashley , Dobbs Rachel , McDaniel Eve , Putnam Hannah , Milano Michael
Published: February 2025

Ectodermal dysplasias (ED) are disorders that affect ectodermal-derived tissues during embryonic development. These disorders occur when the ectoderm, the outermost layer of embryonic tissue does not develop normally. Patients present abnormalities of two or more ectoderm-derived structures and the clinical presentation can vary greatly depending on the type a patient has. The authors compiled and provided their perspective on articles describing the classification, molecular signaling pathways, systemic and dental implications, genetic diagnosis and dental treatment considerations for patients with ED. Emphasis was placed on the main signaling pathways affecting tooth development and the relevant signs that ED patients can present including dental anomalies. Sources included original or review articles written in English that had an ED focus from PubMed and also information available in National Foundation of Ectodermal Dysplasias website. A broad and flexible narrative review is provided regarding ED which represents a diverse array of systemic symptoms that are often present with dental-related issues. The genetic diagnosis of this condition has evolved significantly during the last decade but is still an adjunct to clinical presentation. The treatment of ED involves a multidisciplinary team encompassing primary care physicians, pediatricians, nutritionists, speech therapists, dental professionals, and geneticists. Evidence from the last decade has significantly expanded our understanding of the classification and molecular signaling pathways involved in the etiology of ED. The dental professional is a critical, essential part of the team of healthcare professionals and often the first step involved in providing personalized and humanistic care and better quality of life to the patients affected by this condition.