bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
QUASI-CLASSICAL TRAJECTORY CALCULATION OF THE CHEMICAL REACTION Ca + CH3Br
Authors: ZHONG HAIYANG , XIA WEN WEN , GU LING ZHENG , YAO LI
Published: November 2009

The dynamical property of ground state CaBr formed in the reaction of Ca atom with CH 3 Br has been studied with the quasi-classical trajectory method based on a constructed extended London-Eyring-Polanyi-Sato potential energy surface. In this paper, we report state-to-state distributions in the reaction of Ca with CH 3 Br . They are vibrational distribution, rotational distribution, rotational alignments of the product CaBr , and reaction cross section, which are under detailed investigation. The vibrational distribution of CaBr clearly shows that the peak is located at v = 8 at collision energy E col = 12.22 kcal / mol . The calculated results also show that the peak value of rotational population of the product CaBr is located at J = 50 at collision energy 12.22 kcal/mol. The reaction cross section increases with the increasing collision energy from 0.15 to 0.53 eV. The product rotational alignments deviate slightly from -0.5 and increase while the collision energy of reagent increase. By comparing with the experimental data, it can be found that the theoretical results closely agree with the experimental ones.
Bottom-Up Driven Involuntary Auditory Evoked Field Change: Constant Sound Sequencing Amplifies But Does Not Sharpen Neural Activity
Authors: Okamoto Hidehiko , Stracke Henning , Lagemann Lothar , Pantev Christo
Published: November 2009

The capability of involuntarily tracking certain sound signals during the simultaneous presence of noise is essential in human daily life. Previous studies have demonstrated that top-down auditory focused attention can enhance excitatory and inhibitory neural activity, resulting in sharpening of frequency tuning of auditory neurons. In the present study, we investigated bottom-up driven involuntary neural processing of sound signals in noisy environments by means of magnetoencephalography. We contrasted two sound signal sequencing conditions: “constant sequencing” versus “random sequencing.” Based on a pool of 16 different frequencies, either identical (constant sequencing) or pseudorandomly chosen (random sequencing) test frequencies were presented blockwise together with band-eliminated noises to nonattending subjects. The results demonstrated that the auditory evoked fields elicited in the constant sequencing condition were significantly enhanced compared with the random sequencing condition. However, the enhancement was not significantly different between different band-eliminated noise conditions. Thus the present study confirms that by constant sound signal sequencing under nonattentive listening the neural activity in human auditory cortex can be enhanced, but not sharpened. Our results indicate that bottom-up driven involuntary neural processing may mainly amplify excitatory neural networks, but may not effectively enhance inhibitory neural circuits.
Dynamic Modulation of Phasic and Asynchronous Glutamate Release in Hippocampal Synapses
Authors: Chang Chun Yun , Mennerick Steven
Published: November 2009

Although frequency-dependent short-term presynaptic plasticity has been of long-standing interest, most studies have emphasized modulation of the synchronous, phasic component of transmitter release, most evident with a single or a few presynaptic stimuli. Asynchronous transmitter release, vesicle fusion not closely time locked to presynaptic action potentials, can also be prominent under certain conditions, including repetitive stimulation. Asynchrony has often been attributed to residual Ca2+ buildup in the presynaptic terminal. We verified that a number of manipulations of Ca2+ handling and influx selectively alter asynchronous release relative to phasic transmitter release during action potential trains in cultured excitatory autaptic hippocampal neurons. To determine whether other manipulations of vesicle release probability also selectively modulate asynchrony, we probed the actions of one thoroughly studied modulator class whose actions on phasic versus asynchronous release have not been investigated. We examined the effects of the phorbol ester PDBu, which has protein kinase C (PKC) dependent and independent actions on presynaptic transmitter release. PDBu increased phasic and asynchronous release in parallel. However, while PKC inhibition had relatively minor inhibitory effects on PDBu potentiation of phasic and total release during action potential trains, PKC inhibition strongly reduced phorbol-potentiated asynchrony, through actions most evident late during stimulus trains. These results lend new insight into PKC-dependent and -independent effects on transmitter release and suggest the possibility of differential control of synchronous versus asynchronous vesicle release.
I’ve Seen Fire and I’ve Seen Rain
Authors: Meier Kenneth J. , O’Toole Laurence J. , Hicklin Alisa
Published: November 2009

Public organizations operate as open systems in settings that can be a source of difficulties for managers and for program performance. The unexpected arrival of two major hurricanes in 2005 caused widespread havoc, and some of the consequences constituted major shocks to public agencies—in particular, to public educational systems. This article assesses whether such shocks caused drops in performance, and whether organization and management contributed to a mitigation of these deleterious effects. Evidence indicates that shocks do disrupt performance but also that staff capacity and stability in street-level personnel of the organizations can reduce or eliminate these negative consequences.
How Immunocompromised Are Short Bowel Patients Receiving Home Parenteral Nutrition? Apropos a Case of Disseminated Fusarium Oxysporum Sepsis
Authors: Müller Christoph , Schumacher Ulrike , Gregor Michael , Lamprecht Georg
Published: November 2009

Background: Catheter‐related sepsis is the most frequent complication in patients receiving home parenteral nutrition (HPN) for short bowel syndrome (SBS). A low‐grade systemic inflammatory state and an altered mucosal immune response, as well as diminished intestinal barrier function have been characterized in these patients. The possibility of systemic immunocompromise has only recently been suggested. Case Description: A 45‐year‐old female with traumatic SBS was admitted for possible catheter‐related sepsis. She was asplenic and had insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus as a result of a pancreatic resection. A large skin ulceration was present on her left calf, which appeared unusual for a disseminated bacterial infection. Chest x‐ray and computed tomography scan revealed multiple subpleural pulmonary infiltrates consistent with bacterial or fungal dissemination. Blood cultures from the port system and from the peripheral blood grew Staphylococcus haemolyticus and Fusarium oxysporum. The port system was removed, and flucloxacillin and voriconazole were given for 33 and 35 days, respectively. Clinical signs of disseminated sepsis resolved slowly. Bone marrow biopsy ruled out primary hematologic disease. Conclusions: (1) Catheter‐related sepsis in patients on HPN is usually caused by Gram‐positive or Gram‐negative bacteria or by Candida species. Identification of molds in blood cultures strongly suggests Fusarium species, which should be treated appropriately with voriconazole or amphotericin B. (2) HPN and SBS aggravated by asplenism and diabetes mellitus can cause severe immunocompromise. (3) Fusaria have a strong tendency to persist or reappear after bone marrow transplantation, which is therefore relatively contraindicated in these patients.
Melancholic politics and the politics of melancholia
Authors: Roy Srila
Published: November 2009

Mourning, especially melancholic mourning, has recently emerged as a significant site of expressing and addressing loss in feminism. While feminism’s hard-won successes in achieving institutional power globally have brought exuberance over achievement, they have also come with an acute sense of despondency and loss; one that is not easily mourned or relinquished. The institutionalization of feminism in governmental, non-governmental and academic sites has precipitated this sense of loss in India, wherein the discussion of this article is located. In exploring the politics of loss in contemporary feminist discourse in India, feminist melancholia is seen to condition a fetishized attachment to the past, and to past modes of knowledge, action and consciousness in ways that demand the generational reproduction of feminism rather than its renewal in times of perceived crisis. Present-day anxieties over the ‘co-option’ and resultant depoliticization of the Indian women’s movement constitute a narrative of loss in which a politically more ‘authentic’ past functions as a normative standard for feminist politics in the present, and as a prescriptive model of feminism’s future. Advancements in Women’s Studies and activist (now ‘NGOized’) practice that are seen to be deviating from the redemption of such an idealized past are thus deemed apolitical. In interrogating contemporary anxieties about feminism’s present and impending future (that resonate beyond the bounds of India), the article demonstrates how melancholic loss can inform a potentially conservative politics that seeks to contain feminism in a once loved but now lost ‘home’.
Cbl-associated protein is tyrosine phosphorylated by c-Abl and c-Src kinases
Authors: Fernow Inga , Tomasovic Ana , Siehoff-Icking Ann , Tikkanen Ritva
Published: November 2009

Background

The c-Cbl-associated protein (CAP), also known as ponsin, localizes to focal adhesions and stress fibers and is involved in signaling events. Phosphorylation has been described for the other two members of the sorbin homology family, vinexin and ArgBP2, but no data exist about the putative phosphorylation of CAP. According to previous findings, CAP binds to tyrosine kinase c-Abl. However, it is not known if CAP is a substrate of c-Abl or other tyrosine kinases or if phosphorylation regulates its localization.

Results

We here show that CAP is Tyr phosphorylated by and interacts with both c-Abl and c-Src. One major phosphorylation site, Tyr360, and two minor contributors Tyr326 and Tyr632 were identified as Abl phosphorylation sites, whereas Src preferentially phosphorylates Tyr326 and Tyr360. Phosphorylation of CAP was not necessary for its localization to focal adhesions and stress fibers, but Tyr326Phe substitution alters the function of CAP during cell spreading.

Conclusion

This is the first demonstration of phosphorylation of CAP by any kinase. Our findings suggest that coordinated action of Src and Abl might regulate the function of CAP and reveal a functional role especially for the Src-mediated Tyr phosphorylation of CAP in cell spreading.
Impact of a diagnosis of psychosis: user-led qualitative study
Authors: Pitt Liz , Kilbride Martina , Welford Mary , Nothard Sarah , Morrison Anthony P.
Published: November 2009

Aims and Method

To explore the impact of diagnosis on people who experience psychosis. Eight participants were interviewed about the impact that diagnosis had on them.

Results

The research found that the impact of diagnosis can involve both positive and negative elements. It can be a ‘means of access’ as well as a ‘cause of disempowerment’. It can help by ‘naming the problem’ and hinder by ‘labelling the person’. It is a ‘cause of social exclusion’ for all, but despite this service users can be successful in ‘achieving social inclusion’.

Clinical Implications

The findings have implications for how diagnosis is imparted by psychiatrists if they are to help to facilitate recovery and social inclusion.
Carers' clinics: support group for carers of heroin addicts
Authors: George Sanju , Boulay Sylvie , Jones Helen , Bartlett Colin , Farley Tim , Clarke Chris
Published: November 2009

Heroin addiction, being a chronic condition, can have a devastating impact on carers of addicts. However, the information and support needs of carers often go unrecognised and unaddressed. ‘Carers' clinics’ are one such information-sharing and support group for carers of heroin addicts. This simple yet innovative service provision has been enthusiastically recieved by carers and has been running effectively since April 2007. We believe this scheme can be replicated across other services.
Epigenetic changes in childhood asthma
Authors: Kumar Rakesh K. , Hitchins Megan P. , Foster Paul S.
Published: November 2009

Childhood asthma is linked strongly to atopy and is characterised by a T helper 2 (Th2)-polarised immunological response. Epidemiological studies implicate severe lower respiratory tract viral infections, especially in early childhood, and repeated inhalational exposure to allergens as important synergistic factors in the development of asthma. The way in which these and other environmental factors induce stable alterations in phenotype is poorly understood, but may be explained on the basis of epigenetic changes, which are now recognised to underlie the establishment and maintenance of a Th2 response. Furthermore, ongoing asthmatic inflammation of the airways may be driven by alterations in the expression profile of regulatory microRNA genes, to which epigenetic mechanisms may also contribute. Thus, an understanding of epigenetic mechanisms in asthma has the potential to reveal new approaches for primary prevention or therapeutic intervention in childhood asthma.
Determination of Rheology of Self-Consolidating Concrete Using the 4C-Rheometer and How to Make Use of the Results
Authors: Thrane Lars N. , Pade Claus , Nielsen Claus V.
Published: November 2009

One of the major obstacles to a more wide spread use of self-consolidating concrete is to obtain further understanding of the importance of rheology on the final concrete quality. Existing test methods does not support the concept of two independent rheological properties in a very comprehensive manner. For this purpose, the so-called 4C-RheometerDanish Technological Institute, Taastrup, Denmark. has been developed in Denmark, combining the traditional slump flow test with digital video analysis to obtain the slump flow versus time curve from which the yield stress and plastic viscosity are determined. Based on numerous on-site tests in Denmark performed with the 4C-Rheometer, ranges of preferred rheological parameters have been identified for different types of castings. This paper presents the concept of testing and the correlation of obtained rheological parameters to the BML viscometer and discusses the selection of rheological properties for some typical horizontal and vertical castings.
Experiences with Tenckhoff peritoneal dialysis catheter
Authors: Regőczi Tamás , Jósvay János , Bálint András , Csaba János , Rákossy Wanda , Fodor Erzsébet , Kiss István
Published: November 2009

Peritoneal dialysis is a generally accepted method for the treatment of patients with end-stage renal disease. Two main techniques for the insertion of the peritoneal catheter are known: open surgery and the laparoscopic-assisted technique. Aim: To describe our surgical procedure and implantation technique and to determine the outcome of our patients who underwent the conventional and the laparoscopic assisted placement of a catheter. Methods: Between September 2001 and June 2009, 124 patients underwent either conventional or laparoscopic peritoneal dialysis catheter insertion procedure. Results: 52 male, and 70 female patients were studied (mean age: 62 years), 110 conventional and 14 laparoscopic assisted operation were done. Conclusions: The traditional method for placement of peritoneal dialysis catheters is by “blind” insertion of the catheter through a small lower abdominal incision. The laparoscopic placement is a new but well-established technique and offers some advantages, such as a safer and accurate placement of the catheter under direct vision, less postoperative pain and complications, and a longer functional survival, compared to the conventional open technique. The functional outcome of the catheters was satisfactory in the majority of patients in this study. The conventional technique is simple, safe and has low costs, and in our opinion, it should be used for the most times, and the laparoscopic technique should be considered as the method of special choice in patients with end-stage chronic renal failure.
Membrane and envelope virus proteins co-expressed as lysosome associated membrane protein (LAMP) fused antigens: a potential tool to develop DNA vaccines against flaviviruses
Authors: Dhalia Rafael , Maciel Jr. Milton , Cruz Fábia S.P. , Viana Isabelle F.T. , Palma Mariana L. , August Thomas , Marques Jr. Ernesto T.A.
Published: November 2009

Vaccination is the most practical and cost-effective strategy to prevent the majority of the flavivirus infection to which there is an available vaccine. However, vaccines based on attenuated virus can potentially promote collateral side effects and even rare fatal reactions. Given this scenario, the developent of alternative vaccination strategies such as DNA-based vaccines encoding specific flavivirus sequences are being considered. Endogenous cytoplasmic antigens, characteristically plasmid DNA-vaccine encoded, are mainly presented to the immune system through Major Histocompatibility Complex class I - MHC I molecules. The MHC I presentation via is mostly associated with a cellular cytotoxic response and often do not elicit a satisfactory humoral response. One of the main strategies to target DNA-encoded antigens to the MHC II compartment is expressing the antigen within the Lysosome-Associated Membrane Protein (LAMP). The flavivirus envelope protein is recognized as the major virus surface protein and the main target for neutralizing antibodies. Different groups have demonstrated that co-expression of flavivirus membrane and envelope proteins in mammalian cells, fused with the carboxyl-terminal of LAMP, is able to induce satisfactory levels of neutralizing antibodies. Here we reviewed the use of the envelope flavivirus protein co-expression strategy as LAMP chimeras with the aim of developing DNA vaccines for dengue, West Nile and yellow fever viruses.
Detection of P element transcripts in embryos of Drosophila melanogaster and D. willistoni
Authors: Blauth Monica L. , Bruno Rafaela V. , Abdelhay Eliana , Loreto Elgion L.S. , Valente Vera L.S.
Published: November 2009

The P element is one of the most thoroughly studied transposable elements (TE). Its mobilization causes the hybrid dysgenesis that was first described in Drosophila melanogaster. While studies of the P element have mainly been done in D. melanogaster, it is believed that Drosophila willistoni was the original host species of this TE and that P was transposed to the D. melanogaster genome by horizontal transfer. Our study sought to compare the transcriptional behavior of the P element in embryos of D. melanogaster, which is a recent host, with embryos of two strains of D. willistoni, a species that has contained the P element for a longer time. In both species, potential transcripts of transposase, the enzyme responsible for the TE mobilization, were detected, as were transcripts of the 66-kDa repressor, truncated and antisense sequences, which can have the ability to prevent TEs mobilization. The truncated transcripts reveal the truncated P elements present in the genome strains and whose number seems to be related to the invasion time of the genome by the TE. No qualitative differences in antisense transcripts were observed among the strains, even in the D. willistoni strain with the highest frequency of heterochromatic P elements.
Alluvial-eolian interaction in a Cambrian rift margin: the Pedra das Torrinhas and Pedra Pintada formations (Guaritas Group, RS)
Authors: Marconato André , Almeida Renato P. , Santos Maurício G. M. , Nóbrega Jorge E.S. , Souza Rogério B.
Published: November 2009

This work presents a study of selected outcrops from the Pedra das Torrinhas Formation of the Guaritas Group (Cambrian, Camaquã Basin), near the basin bordering Encantadas Fault Zone. The studied succession includes alluvial fan deposits that pass laterally into eolian deposits. Sedimentary facies and architectural element analysis were performed, followed by sedimentary petrography and microscopic porosity analysis, aiming to characterize the porosity of the deposits and its spatial distribution. The main objective was to contribute to a better understanding of the porosity spatial distribution in depositional systems characterized by the interaction between alluvial and eolian processes, with special reference to deposits formed prior to the development of terrestrial plants. Porosity values are related to depositional processes, with higher porosities associated to eolian dune deposits (mean of 8.4%), and lower porosity related to interdunes (mean of 3.4%) and alluvial fans (mean of 4.3%). Architectural elements analysis revealed the spatial relationships of these deposits, a response to the interplay of the eolian and alluvial processes. The integration of porosity data reveals that the interaction of alluvial and eolian processes results in heterogeneous distribution of porosity at the facies association scale. Eolian reworking of alluvial facies increases porosity whereas sheet-flood and other alluvial processes in the interdune areas reduce porosity.
Impact of plasmatic lipids in glycemic control and its influence in the cardiometabolic risk in morbidly obese subjects
Authors: Serpa Neto Ary , Rossi Felipe Martin Bianco , Amarante Rodrigo Dal Moro , Buriti Nara Alves , Rossi Marçal
Published: November 2009

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether biochemical parameters are associated with a good glycemic control and to identify the occurrence of cardiometabolic risk variables. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred forty Brazilians were evaluated. The subjects were characterized with regard to glycemic control as good, fair and poor and were divided into tertiles by TG and HbA1c. We use the ROC curve to determine which variables were predicted of poor glycemic control and the factor analyses to identify the domains that segregated among the risk variables. RESULTS: Fasting glucose and insulin levels, TG level, VLDL-C and HOMA-IR increased significantly across HbA1c tertiles. The best marker for identification of poor glycemic control was triglycerides. The presence of cardiometabolic abnormalities did not alter the glycemic control, but HOMA-IR was significantly higher in subjects with abnormalities. CONCLUSION: The use of TG levels offers a reasonable degree of clinical utility. In morbidly obese subjects insulin resistance is associated with individual cardiometabolic factors.
Tendência da mortalidade por diabetes melito no Brasil: 1950 a 2000
Authors: Cesse Eduarda Ângela Pessoa , Carvalho Eduardo Freese de , Souza Wayner Vieira de , Luna Carlos Feitosa
Published: November 2009

OBJETIVO: Analisar a tendência da mortalidade por diabetes melito em capitais brasileiras. MÉTODOS: Foi analisada a tendência temporal da mortalidade por diabetes melito em capitais brasileiras, a partir das Razões de Mortalidade Padronizadas construídas com dados de óbitos dos anuários estatísticos do IBGE e do Sistema de Informação de Mortalidade do Ministério da Saúde, no período de 1950 a 2000. RESULTADOS: Foi observado crescimento da mortalidade proporcional e da Razão de Mortalidade Padronizada por diabetes na maioria das capitais. São Paulo (SP) se destacou por apresentar mortalidades proporcionais expressivas e constantes ao longo da série, particularmente a partir de 1960. Quanto às Razões de Mortalidade Padronizadas nessa capital, bem como em Belo Horizonte (MG), onde foi observada a oscilação desses indicadores tendendo a diminuição nos últimos anos, não foram verificadas tendências significantes. CONCLUSÕES: A tendência da mortalidade por diabetes é crescente na maioria das capitais com exceção de São Paulo e Belo Horizonte, que apresentaram padrões diferentes das demais capitais.
FRAX TM: construindo uma ideia para o Brasil
Authors: Pinheiro Marcelo de Medeiros , Camargos Bruno Muzzi , Borba Victoria Z. C. , Lazaretti-Castro Marise
Published: November 2009

Diferenças genéticas, raciais e antropométricas, bem como da composição corporal, densidade óssea, dieta, atividade física e outros hábitos de vida, contribuem para explicar as divergências na incidência e prevalência de baixa densidade óssea e fraturas em diversos países do mundo. Recentemente, foi desenvolvida uma ferramenta, denominada FRAX TM, para aglutinar os fatores clínicos de risco (genéticos e ambientais) e a densidade óssea, a fim de quantificar a probabilidade de fratura osteoporótica nos próximos dez anos. Em breve, ela será utilizada para indicação de tratamento em pacientes de risco. No entanto, atualmente, está disponível somente para uso em algumas populações que possuem banco de dados prospectivos e consistentes - o que não inclui o Brasil. Este estudo teve o objetivo de fazer uma revisão dos estudos epidemiológicos nacionais e internacionais para melhor compreender peculiaridades e diferenças de fatores clínicos de risco, densidade óssea e probabilidade de fratura entre essas populações. Os autores concluíram que se faz necessária a obtenção de mais dados epidemiológicos representativos da população brasileira para utilização da ferramenta FRAX TM. Para isso, os estudos brasileiros deverão possuir características adequadas, como o delineamento prospectivo, avaliação da qualidade de vida, mortalidade e incapacidade física após as fraturas, levando em consideração a expectativa de vida da população brasileira e a análise de custos diretos e indiretos relacionados às fraturas por osteoporose. À luz do conhecimento atual, a utilização de qualquer um dos bancos de dados das populações, disponibilizadas pelo FRAX TM, não é recomendada no Brasil.
Análise do impacto da cirurgia bariátrica em uma população do centro do estado do Rio Grande do Sul utilizando o método BAROS
Authors: Prevedello Carlise Felkl , Colpo Elisângela , Mayer Elveni Teresinha , Copetti Hairton
Published: November 2009

CONTEXTO: Devido às alterações metabólicas causadas pelo excesso de peso, a cirurgia bariátrica tem sido muito utilizada, a fim de proporcionar perda e manutenção de peso a longo prazo na população com obesidade mórbida. OBJETIVO: Analisar o impacto da cirurgia bariátrica em uma população do centro do estado do Rio Grande do Sul utilizando o método BAROS. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado estudo retrospectivo, com 32 pacientes, de ambos os sexos, entre 19 e 44 anos de uma clínica particular de Santa Maria, RS. Analisaram-se as variações de peso e índice de massa corpórea, hábito intestinal, uso de tabaco e prática de atividade física para comparar resultados nos períodos de pré e pós-operatório. Os pacientes foram divididos em: grupo A (pré-operatório), grupo B (até 6 meses de pós-operatório), grupo C (7 a 18 meses de pós-operatório) e grupo D (19 a 30 meses de pós-operatório). Para avaliação da eficácia da cirurgia bariátrica foi utilizado o método BAROS. Para análise estatística foi utilizado o teste ANOVA uma via e post-hoc seguido de Duncan's. Foram considerados estatisticamente significantes os dados com P<0,05. Os resultados foram expressos em média ± EP. RESULTADOS: Os pacientes apresentaram redução significativa no peso, no pré-operatório. A média foi de 118,8 kg (± 2,89), e no pós-operatório, o grupo B apresentou 89 kg (± 5,69), o grupo C 76,8 kg (± 4,85) e o grupo D 76 kg (± 4,46), demonstrando perda de peso gradativa. Do mesmo modo, o índice de massa corpórea apresentou redução significativa nos grupo B, C e D, em relação ao grupo A. Os pacientes apresentaram melhora do hábito intestinal de 15,6% no pós-operatório em relação ao pré-operatório. Quanto ao uso de tabaco, houve redução de 33,3% no pós-operatório. A prática de atividade física aumentou em 34,4% entre os pacientes após a cirurgia. De acordo com a aplicação do método BAROS, os pacientes apresentaram classificações excelente, muito bom e bom, não apresentando classificação insuficiente. CONCLUSÃO: De acordo com os resultados do método BAROS e das características avaliadas dos pacientes, pode-se observar que a cirurgia bariátrica apresentou efeitos satisfatórios nessa população.
Poor outcomes with treatment of hepatorenal syndrome type 1 with splancnic vasoconstrictors and albumin: report of seven cases and review of the literature
Authors: Kalil Jamile Rosário , Cerqueira Liv Aparicio , Barbosa Daniel Silva , Motta Marina Pamponet , Nery Marília da Silva , Bittencourt Paulo Lisboa
Published: November 2009

CONTEXT: Treatment of hepatorenal syndrome type 1 (HRS-1) with splancnic vasoconstrictors and high-dose albumin has been associated with reversal of renal failure in approximately 60% to 80% of the cases in pilot or uncontrolled studies. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the results of treatment of HRS-1 with terlipressin and high-dose albumin. METHODS: All patients with HRS-1 that underwent treatment with terlipressin and high-dose albumin at our unit were retrospectively reviewed. Outcomes including reversal of renal failure and death were recorded and compared to baseline clinical and laboratory parameters. RESULTS: Seven subjects (median age 64 [47-69] years, 5 males) with median Child-Pugh and MELD scores of 12 [10-15] and 22 [17-38], respectively, hospitalized with decompensated chronic liver disease secondary to tense ascitis and infections, who exhibited criteria for HRS-1, were submitted to therapy with terlipressin and high-dose albumin according to a predefined standard protocol. Baseline creatinine levels were 2.9 [2.3-4.0] mg/mL. None of the patients achieved reversal of HRS-1 and five subjects died on-treatment due to sudden-death (n = 1), multiple organ dysfunction associated with end-stage liver failure (n = 2) and sepsis (n = 2). CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of HRS-1 with terlipressin and high-dose albumin was not associated with reversal of renal failure, but most of the treated subjects had severe end-stage liver disease with high MELD scores as well as high baseline creatinine values, parameters previously associated with bad outcomes.
Avaliação do estado nutricional precedente ao uso de nutrição enteral
Authors: Leandro-Merhi Vânia Aparecida , Morete Juliana Luisi , Oliveira Maria Rita Marques de
Published: November 2009

CONTEXTO: O adequado diagnóstico do estado nutricional é de vital importância para a prescrição da terapia nutricional enteral no ambiente hospitalar. OBJETIVO: Avaliar indicadores do estado nutricional em pacientes ingressantes na terapia nutricional enteral em uma unidade hospitalar. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com 100 pacientes adultos, sendo analisado o estado nutricional de ingresso à terapia nutricional enteral, por meio do índice de massa corporal obtido do peso e estatura estimados a partir de fórmulas de predição, e de indicadores laboratoriais do estado metabólico e nutricional. RESULTADOS: Do total, 29% dos pacientes foram classificados como desnutridos pelo índice de massa corporal, enquanto 80% dos mesmos apresentaram albumina abaixo do valor de referência (<3,2 g/dL). Não houve diferença na distribuição das causas de base da internação entre os grupos classificados quanto ao estado nutricional pelo índice de massa corporal, prevalecendo as doenças cardiovasculares e pulmonares entre as principais causas. As concentrações abaixo dos valores de referência de albumina não foram diferentes entre os grupos classificados pelo índice de massa corporal e pelo diagnóstico de internação. CONCLUSÃO: O índice de massa corporal estimado foi indicador específico do estado nutricional, porém pouco sensível, enquanto a albumina mostrou-se mais sensível, o que reafirma a necessidade da combinação de vários indicadores para obtenção de um adequado diagnóstico nutricional.
Duodenal bypass does not decrease glucose levels of lean individuals with gastric cancer submitted to partial or total gastrectomy
Authors: Herbella Fernando A. , Tineli Ana C. , Wilson Jr Jorge L. , Del Grande Jose C.
Published: November 2009

Change in glucose metabolism after bariatric operations may be credited to duodenal bypass. This study aims to evaluate the effect of duodenal bypass on glucose levels in lean individuals submitted to gastrectomy for gastric cancer. We reviewed 56 non-diabetic and 6 diabetic patients submitted to gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y for gastric cancer (partial gastrectomy in 66%/total gastrectomy in 34%). Glucose levels were not significantly altered after operation (P = 0.5). Diabetes control was improved in one patient with oral medication. In conclusion, duodenal bypass do not decrease glucose levels in lean individuals treated for gastric cancer.
Serology using rROP2 antigen in the diagnostic of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women
Authors: Macre Miriam de Souza , Pires Márcio , Meireles Luciana Regina , Angel Sérgio O. , Andrade Jr. Heitor Franco de
Published: November 2009

Toxoplasma gondii causes severe fetal disease during acute infection in pregnant women, thus demanding early diagnosis for effective treatment and fetus preservation. Fetal tests are inefficient and risky, and diagnosis is based on maternal IgM serology, which had weak screening ability due to increased sensitivity, with alternative IgG avidity tests. Here, we performed ELISA and avidity assays using a recombinant T. gondii antigen, rROP2, in samples from 160 pregnant women screened from a large public hospital who were referred due to positive IgM assays. IgG serology and avidity assays were compared using whole T. gondii extract or rROP2. ELISA IgG detection with rROP2 showed good agreement with assays performed with T. gondii extract, but rROP2 IgG avidity assays were unrelated to whole extract antigen IgG avidity, regardless of the chaotrope used. These data show that avidity maturation is specific to individual antigen prevalence and immune response during infection. ELISA rROP2 IgG assays may be an alternative serological test for the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis during pregnancy, although our data do not support their use in avidity assays.
Estudo comparado da taxocenose de peixes em dois ambientes aquáticos do Parque Estadual de Itapuã, sul do Brasil
Authors: Dufech Ana Paula S. , Fialho Clarice Bernhardt
Published: November 2009

Este trabalho tem por objetivos caracterizar e comparar a taxocenose de peixes de dois ambientes aquáticos distintos dentro de uma mesma bacia hidrográfica: a praia das Pombas (lago Guaíba) e a lagoa Negra, ambos no Parque Estadual de Itapuã, Rio Grande do Sul. Foram analisados aspectos que incluem a composição quali-quantitativa da ictiofauna. Para tanto, foram utilizados índices ecológicos e de abundância, sendo avaliados espacial e temporalmente e verificando se ocorre relação entre a estrutura da taxocenose destes locais e as variáveis ambientais. Foram amostradas 61 espécies no total, sendo a riqueza a mesma nos dois ambientes (44 espécies). Os dois ambientes estudados apresentam características peculiares, refletindo na composição de espécies de cada um destes locais. Foi possível observar que o padrão de distribuição da taxocenose de peixes estudada nos dois ambientes é sazonal, uma vez que a abundância, a biomassa e a diversidade foram mais elevadas nos meses mais quentes do ano, ou seja, primavera e verão. A temperatura e o fotoperíodo foram os principais fatores que influenciaram na distribuição da fauna de peixes da praia das Pombas e na lagoa Negra.
Pseudomyxoma peritonei de origem appendicular
Authors: Azevedo A. Penna de , Silveira S. Coutinho da
Published: November 2009

Os autores descrevem um caso de pseudomyxoma do peritoneo, originario do appendice ileo-cecal, em individuo do sexo masculino, de 58 anos de edade. O processo teve evolução lenta, caracterizando-se clinicamente, por symptomas peritoneas (ventre augmentado, encerrando conteúdo gelatinoso e presença de um tumor palpavel ao nivel da região hepatica). O aspecto histologico do tumor corresponde ao do Pseudomyxoma peritonei. Levando em conta a systematização dos casos de pseudomyxoma do peritoneo, proposta por Trotter, o caso presente deve ser enquadrado entre aqueles que constituem o primeiro grupo (distribuição universal do tumor sobre o peritoneo).
Contribuição ao estudo da eliptocitóse
Authors: Cruz W. O. , Melo R. Pimenta de
Published: November 2009

Os autores resumem os conhecimentos atuais sobre eliptocitose normal e patologica. Apresentam 20 verificações em individuos normais, cujos resultados mostraram uma excentricidade menor que a descrita por autores europeus: 2.000 hematias em 20 individuos normais. I 71, II 26, III 3, IV 0, I.E. 1,06, E.E. 3. Confirmaram a hipereliptocitose na anemia perniciosa. Descrevem um caso de hiperexcentricidade constitucional, cujo resultado manteve-se constante durante 5 anos. Por fim descrevem em um caso fatal de leucemia reticulo-endotelial uma hiperexcentricidade bastante acentuada: 300 hematias observadas I 14, II 27, III 35, IV 24, I.E. 5,63, E.E. 59. Medindo a excentricidade das hematias apresentadas em microfotografias e desenhos de diversos trabalhos referentes á leucemia monocitica ou reticulo-endotelial, verificaram no resultado global uma hiperexcentricidade bem nitida.
Danos causados pelo Zucchini lethal chlorosis virus (ZLCV) sobre a produção de frutos comerciais de abobrinha de moita 'Caserta'
Authors: Giampan José Segundo , Rezende Jorge Alberto Marques , Piedade Sônia Maria De Stefano
Published: November 2009

O ZLCV é um tospovírus encontrado com freqüência causando severos danos em cucurbitáceas. Nesse trabalho avaliaram-se os danos causados pelo ZLCV em abobrinha de moita 'Caserta', em campo na ESALQ/USP, Piracicaba-SP, onde esse vírus é freqüente. Plantas obtidas pela semeadura direta foram monitoradas periodicamente quanto à infecção pelo ZLCV por meio dos sintomas e por PTA-ELISA. Monitorou-se ainda a contaminação com Papaya ringspot virus - type W e Zucchini yellow mosaic virus, desconsiderando a produção dessas plantas. As plantas foram agrupadas em função da época de aparecimento dos sintomas do ZLCV, avaliando a produção de frutos comerciais (FC) e não comerciais (FNC) de cada grupo e comparando com a de plantas que permaneceram sem sintomas até o final do experimento. As plantas que apresentaram sintomas até os 23 dias após a emergência (DAE) não produziram qualquer tipo de frutos. FC foram colhidos de plantas que apresentaram sintomas a partir dos 42 DAE. Mesmo assim, houve redução de 78,5 % na produção de FC. Plantas que mostraram sintomas por ocasião da última colheita (55 DAE) apresentaram redução na produção de FC de 9,6 %. A infecção com o ZLCV até o início da frutificação inviabiliza a produção de FC de abobrinha de moita 'Caserta'.
Análise de sensibilidade de parâmetros elétricos de linhas de transmissão dependentes na freqüência
Authors: Pinheiro Michel Gonçalves , Tavares Maria Cristina
Published: November 2009

Neste trabalho foi realizada uma extensa análise de sensibilidade dos parâmetros elétricos longitudinais e transversais de uma linha de transmissão trifásica em função da freqüência. Uma linha real de 440 kV foi utilizada como base para a parametrização. Na análise de sensibilidade variaram-se as seguintes características da linha: diâmetro dos cabos pára-raios, diâmetros dos condutores fase, altura dos condutores, distância horizontal entre as fases e geometria dos feixes das fases. Para cada variação, observou-se o comportamento dos parâmetros em termos das parcelas das matrizes primitivas e em termos de componentes modais. Em relação à modelagem, o trabalho contribuirá para o desenvolvimento de novas metodologias e de fórmulas simplificadas para cálculo de parâmetros aplicado a análise de transitórios de manobra.
O controle de acesso na percepção dos profissionais de arquivo: uma questão de segurança das informações institucionais
Authors: Sfreddo Josiane Ayres , Flores Daniel
Published: November 2009

Apresenta-se o resultado de uma investigação científica baseada nas políticas utilizadas nas instituições arquivísticas para o controle de acesso, destacando-se a importância de monitorar o acesso aos documentos, evitando problemas futuros. A referência teórica do trabalho baseou-se nas Normalizações Arquivísticas ISAD(G), ISO 15489, Nobrade, e nos Modelos de Requisitos MoReq e e-ARQ. Os dados foram coletados no Arquivo Público do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul e no Arquivo Histórico de Porto Alegre Moysés Vellinho, ambos em Porto Alegre, RS.
A multirreferencialidade de saberes nos atos de mediação do conhecimento: o aporte das ciências cognitivas à ação pedagógica das bibliotecas
Authors: Varel Aida Varela , Barbosa Marilene Abreu
Published: November 2009

Analisam-se as exigências dos novos tempos para o acesso ao conhecimento, em termos de cognição - competências e habilidades. Revisam-se conceitos de analfabetismo, alfabetismo e privação cultural, e a função da Educação e da Biblioteconomia no processo de aprendizagem, tendo em vista o desenvolvimento de competências informacionais, fundamentando-se em estudos sobre cognição, mediação, multirreferencialidade. Objetiva-se o entendimento da complexidade dos fenômenos sociais e das vantagens que podem advir do entrelaçamento das diversas áreas do conhecimento na resolução de problemas relativos ao acesso do conhecimento.
Efeito do Uso do Estabilizador Active Ankle System® na Altura do Salto Vertical em Jogadores de Voleibol
Authors: Anjos Marco Túlio Saldanha dos , Brasil Leonardo Junho , Barros Bruno de Oliveira , Bastos Natália Cristina dos Santos , Moraes Geraldo Fabiano de Souza
Published: November 2009

INTRODUÇÃO E OBJETIVO: Na prática do voleibol, as entorses de tornozelo representam 25 a 50% das lesões agudas. Medidas preventivas, como estabilizadores dinâmicos de tornozelo (EDT), são frequentemente utilizadas, porém, há controvérsias se esse dispositivo pode ou não interferir no desempenho esportivo. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o efeito do EDT Active Ankle System® (AAS) na altura do salto vertical em jogadoras de voleibol. MÉTODOS: Selecionou-se uma amostra de conveniência de 14 atletas entre 14 e 18 anos de idade, do gênero feminino. Estas foram instruídas a saltar simulando o gesto esportivo do ataque e do bloqueio com e sem o EDT, sobre placas de contato conectadas a um computador portátil que, através de um programa, calculava a altura do salto vertical. Previamente, foi feito um estudo-piloto para determinação do coeficiente de correlação intraclasse para as quatro condições de teste (n = 4), no qual os valores encontrados foram: ataque com EDT, 0,95; ataque sem EDT, 0,76; bloqueio com EDT, 0,92; bloqueio sem EDT, 0,89. Os dados de altura de cada tipo de salto vertical nas condições com e sem EDT foram comparadas através de testes t de Student para amostras pareadas. RESULTADOS: Para um nível de significância de α = 0,05, não foi encontrada diferença significativa entre os saltos do ataque com o EDT (0,41 + 0,073m) e sem o EDT (0,41 + 0,086m), p = 0,517. Também não foi encontrada diferença significativa para os saltos do bloqueio com o EDT (0,31 ± 0,048m) e sem o EDT (0,32 ± 0,050m), p = 0,06. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados do presente estudo apontam para não interferência do uso do EDT AAS no desempenho do salto vertical em atletas de voleibol.
Incidência de lesões nos jogadores de futebol masculino sub-21 durante os Jogos Regionais de Sertãozinho-SP de 2006
Authors: Selistre Luiz Fernando Approbato , Taube Oswaldo Luiz Stamato , Ferreira Luciano Maia Alves , Barros Jr Edson Alves
Published: November 2009

INTRODUÇÃO: O futebol, o esporte mais popular e praticado pelo mundo, é também uma das modalidades esportivas onde o atleta é submetido a diversos tipos e intensidades de esforços. Atualmente essa modalidade sofreu modificações, deixando de dar ênfase à técnica e passando a privilegiar os componentes físicos, aumentando assim a probabilidade da ocorrência de lesões. OBJETIVO: Realizar um levantamento epidemiológico das lesões no Futebol de Campo Sub-21 durante os 50°s Jogos Regionais de Sertãozinho de 2006. METODOLOGIA: Este é um trabalho do tipo epidemiológico descritivo e analítico, com desenho transversal. Realizou-se o acompanhamento de todas as partidas da modalidade, registrando as lesões ocorridas, seguido de um levantamento e caracterização das lesões. As mesmas foram classificadas de acordo com seu perfil e segmento anatômico, posteriormente divididas por posição dos atletas. RESULTADOS: Houve maior incidência das lesões nos membros inferiores, com 127 (74,7%); quanto ao perfil, as lesões musculares foram mais prevalentes, com 64 (37,6%) lesões. Os atletas do meio-campo foram os mais acometidos, com 72 (42,4%) lesões. Dentro da classe de goleiros e defensores a maior prevalência de contusões foi de sete (63,6%) e 11 (50%), respectivamente. Já os atacantes, laterais e meio-campistas apresentaram como predomínio as lesões musculares, sendo os primeiros com 11 (36,7%), seguidos de 12 (34,3%) dos laterais e 33 (45,8%) dos meio-campistas. CONCLUSÃO: Constatou-se que ocorreu maior índice de lesões em membros inferiores, sendo estas caracterizadas como as musculares de maior prevalência. Demonstrou-se ainda que as lesões apresentadas estão diretamente relacionadas com as características de cada posição.
Putative extinction of two sawfish species in Mexico and the United States
Authors: del Monte-Luna Pablo , Castro-Aguirre José Luis , Brook Barry W. , de la Cruz-Agüero José , Cruz-Escalona Víctor Hugo
Published: November 2009

All species of sawfish are listed by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as endangered or critically endangered. In fact, the smalltooth sawfish Pristis pectinata, and the largetooth sawfish Pristis pristis, have been declared to be regionally and locally extinct from the US Atlantic coast and the Gulf of California, Mexico, respectively, likely due to overfishing. However, here we dispute these claims by illustrating how lack of existence of a given species within a region can be misconstrued as evidence for extinction.
Sharps Injuries and Other Blood and Body Fluid Exposures Among Home Health Care Nurses and Aides
Authors: Quinn Margaret M. , Markkanen Pia K. , Galligan Catherine J. , Kriebel David , Chalupka Stephanie M. , Kim Hyun , Gore Rebecca J. , Sama Susan R. , Laramie Angela K. , Davis Letitia
Published: November 2009

Objectives. We quantified risks of sharp medical device (sharps) injuries and other blood and body fluid exposures among home health care nurses and aides, identified risk factors, assessed the use of sharps with safety features, and evaluated underreporting in workplace-based surveillance.

Methods. We conducted a questionnaire survey and workplace-based surveillance, collaborating with 9 home health care agencies and 2 labor unions from 2006 to 2007.

Results. Approximately 35% of nurses and 6.4% of aides had experienced at least 1 sharps injury during their home health care career; corresponding figures for other blood and body fluid exposures were 15.1% and 6.7%, respectively. Annual sharps injuries incidence rates were 5.1 per 100 full-time equivalent (FTE) nurses and 1.0 per 100 FTE aides. Medical procedures contributing to sharps injuries were injecting medications, administering fingersticks and heelsticks, and drawing blood. Other contributing factors were sharps disposal, contact with waste, and patient handling. Sharps with safety features frequently were not used. Underreporting of sharps injuries to the workplace-based surveillance system was estimated to be about 50%.

Conclusions. Sharps injuries and other blood and body fluid exposures are serious hazards for home health care nurses and aides. Improvements in hazard intervention are needed.