bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Flood Retention Lakes in a Rural‐Urban Catchment: Climate‐Dominated and Configuration‐Affected Performances
Authors: Yan Haochen , Guan Mingfu , Kong Yong
Published: July 2023

Flood retention lakes (RLs) are widely employed in rural‐urban catchments with low impacts on the natural environment. However, insights are lacking regarding the control of climate conditions on RLs' performances and how they are affected by different geographic configurations. This study applies a 2D hydrodynamic model to perform a catchment‐scale performance assessment of RLs beyond the scope of analytical and hydrological models. We conduct extensive numerical experiments of rainstorm‐induced flooding in a rural‐urban catchment with a constructed RL and blueprinted ones upstream. Results demonstrate an L‐shaped band of satisfactory performance of the current RL in the frequency‐duration diagram, which coincides with short return periods (<5 years) and long durations (>4 hr), or short durations (<3 hr) and moderate to long return periods (5–50 years); such L‐shaped pattern is also valid for additional RLs and their combinations. With the increase in event size, the first two modes of RL performance (out of four) correspond to effective flood mitigation. When working jointly, RLs with series configurations are more effective in reducing the mainstream flood peaks, while parallel connections provide a greater spatial extent of flood hazard mitigation. For both series and parallel configurations, the upstream‐weighted settings tend to outperform downstream‐weighted ones under more extreme events; the decentralized arrangement in the urban area yields more benefits in spatial flood hazard mitigation compared to the centralized case. The study highlights the critical role of rainstorm severity (with possible spatiotemporal variabilities) in controlling RL performances despite various configurations and hydraulic settings.
Anisotropy of the Near‐Field Coseismic Ionospheric Perturbation Amplitudes Reflecting the Source Process: The 2023 February Turkey Earthquakes
Authors: Bagiya Mala S. , Heki K. , Gahalaut Vineet K.
Published: July 2023

The East Anatolian Fault in southern Turkey ruptured on 6 February 2023, causing a Mw 7.8 earthquake (EQ1), one of the largest strike‐slip events recorded on land. ∼9 hr later, earthquake of Mw 7.7 (EQ2) occurred to the north of EQ1. We investigate here near‐field coseismic ionospheric perturbations (CIP) caused by acoustic waves (AWs) excited by coseismic vertical crustal movements. We find that observed CIP periods were somewhat longer for EQ1 than EQ2. EQ1 also showed azimuthal dependence in CIP amplitudes that cannot be explained by known factors such as geomagnetism and line‐of‐sight geometry. Numerical experiments revealed that CIP by EQ1 can be well reproduced by assuming a suite of sources along the fault that successively ruptured. Small but significant dependence of amplitudes and periods on azimuths were caused by interference of AWs from multiple sources. We also found that CIP amplitudes of strike‐slip earthquakes tend to be lower than dip‐slip earthquakes.
Relict and Modern Sediments on the Continental Shelf of the Northern South China Sea: A Reconsideration
Authors: Wang Yuming , Chen Xiaohong , Switzer Adam D. , Li Linlin , Xu Yang , Wang Yukun , Zhang Peizhen
Published: July 2023

Understanding the temporal‐spatial patterns of modern and relict sediments is of importance for assessing changes in the Quaternary environment and sea‐level. Sedimentological and geochemical data is presented, along with in situ shell‐based accelerator mass spectrometry 14C ages of 30 samples from the surface sediments on the northern shelf of the South China Sea (NSSCS). The authors’ data show that the NSSCS surface sediments exhibit considerable diversity in composition. Modern sediments are primarily constrained to the NW inner shelf, which is fed by fluvial sands sourced from Coastal South China river systems and dominated by the Pearl River Estuary delivery. The transport and discharge of the terrestrial sediments to the NSSCS is highly influenced by the Guangdong Longshore Current and its secondary cyclonic eddies. Relict sediments dominated by well‐sorted, medium‐ and coarse‐grained sands were identified in the NW Shenhu and NW Dongsha areas of the outer NSSCS. The sedimentology and geochemistry of the relict sediments imply that they were deposited in a dry and cold environment either during the low sea levels of the late Pleistocene (∼40 ka) or the early Holocene (∼10 ka). To the east, the Taiwan Shoal and vicinity are dominated by a sand mixture, at which the relict sediments were reworked by terrigenous supply and modern hydrodynamic environment due to the compound action of the Guangdong Longshore Current, seasonal cyclones, and Kuroshio Intrusion. The present isobaths of ∼−90 m in the NSSCS might be the reflective of the early Holocene coastal delta or the last glacial maximum shoreline.
Extreme Value Analysis of Ground Magnetometer Observations at Valentia Observatory, Ireland
Authors: Fogg Alexandra Ruth , Jackman C. M. , Malone‐Leigh J. , Gallagher P. T. , Smith A. W. , Lester M. , Walach M.‐T. , Waters J. E.
Published: July 2023

Understanding global space weather effects is of great importance to the international scientific community, but more localized space weather predictions are important on a national level. In this study, data from a ground magnetometer at Valentia Observatory is used to characterize space weather effects on the island of Ireland. The horizontal component of magnetometer observations and its time derivative are considered, and extreme values of these are identified. These extremes are fit to a generalized extreme value distribution, and from this model return values (the expected magnitude of an observation within a given time window) are predicted. The causes of extreme values are investigated both in a case study, and also statistically by looking at contributions from geomagnetic storms, substorms, and sudden commencements. This work characterizes the extreme part of the distribution of space weather effects on Ireland (and at similar latitudes), and hence examines those space weather observations which are likely to have the greatest impact on susceptible technologies.
Enhancement of the SESN2-SHP cascade by melatonin ameliorates hepatic gluconeogenesis by inhibiting the CRBN-BTG2-CREBH signaling pathway
Authors: An Seungwon , Nedumaran Balachandar , Koh Hong , Joo Dong Jin , Lee Hyungjo , Park Chul-Seung , Harris Robert A. , Shin Keong Sub , Djalilian Ali R. , Kim Yong Deuk
Published: July 2023

Melatonin is involved in the regulation of various biological functions. Here, we explored a novel molecular mechanism by which the melatonin-induced sestrin2 (SESN2)-small heterodimer partner (SHP) signaling pathway protects against fasting- and diabetes-mediated hepatic glucose metabolism. Various key gene expression analyses were performed and multiple metabolic changes were assessed in liver specimens and primary hepatocytes of mice and human participants. The expression of the hepatic cereblon (CRBN) and b-cell translocation gene 2 (BTG2) genes was significantly increased in fasting mice, diabetic mice, and patients with diabetes. Overexpression of Crbn and Btg2 increased hepatic gluconeogenesis by enhancing cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-responsive element-binding protein H (CREBH), whereas this phenomenon was prominently ablated in Crbn null mice and Btg2-silenced mice. Interestingly, melatonin-induced SESN2 and SHP markedly reduced hepatic glucose metabolism in diabetic mice and primary hepatocytes, and this protective effect of melatonin was strikingly reversed by silencing Sesn2 and Shp. Finally, the melatonin-induced SESN2-SHP signaling pathway inhibited CRBN- and BTG2-mediated hepatic gluconeogenic gene transcription via the competition of BTG2 and the interaction of CREBH. Mitigation of the CRBN-BTG2-CREBH axis by the melatonin-SESN2-SHP signaling network may provide a novel therapeutic strategy to treat metabolic dysfunction due to diabetes.
All-cause and cause-specific mortality among people with bipolar disorder: a large-scale systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Biazus Taís Boeira , Beraldi Gabriel Henrique , Tokeshi Lucas , Rotenberg Luísa de Siqueira , Dragioti Elena , Carvalho André F. , Solmi Marco , Lafer Beny
Published: July 2023

Objective

Bipolar disorder (BD) is associated with premature mortality. All-cause and specific mortality risks in this population remain unclear, and more studies are still needed to further understand this issue and guide individual and public strategies to prevent mortality in bipolar disorder Thus, a systematic review and meta‐analysis of studies assessing mortality risk in people with BD versus the general population was conducted. The primary outcome was all‐cause mortality, whilst secondary outcomes were mortality due to suicide, natural, unnatural, and specific‐causes mortality.

Results

Fifty-seven studies were included (BD; n = 678,353). All‐cause mortality was increased in people with BD (RR = 2.02, 95% CI: 1.89–2.16, k = 39). Specific‐cause mortality was highest for suicide (RR = 11.69, 95% CI: 9.22–14.81, k = 25). Risk of death due to unnatural causes (RR = 7.29, 95% CI: 6.41–8.28, k = 17) and natural causes (RR = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.75–2.06, k = 17) were also increased. Among specific natural causes analyzed, infectious causes had the higher RR (RR = 4,38, 95%CI: 1.5–12.69, k = 3), but the analysis was limited by the inclusion of few studies. Mortality risk due to respiratory (RR = 3.18, 95% CI: 2.55–3.96, k = 6), cardiovascular (RR = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.53–2.01, k = 27), and cerebrovascular (RR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.34–1.84, k = 13) causes were increased as well. No difference was identified in mortality by cancer (RR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.88–1.11, k = 16). Subgroup analyses and meta-regression did not affect the findings.

Conclusion

Results presented in this meta-analysis show that risk of premature death in BD is not only due to suicide and unnatural causes, but somatic comorbidities are also implicated. Not only the prevention of suicide, but also the promotion of physical health and the prevention of physical conditions in individuals with BD may mitigate the premature mortality in this population. Notwithstanding this is to our knowledge the largest synthesis of evidence on BD-related mortality, further well-designed studies are still warranted to inform this field.
A HUWE1 defect causes PARP inhibitor resistance by modulating the BRCA1-∆11q splice variant
Authors: Pettitt Stephen J. , Shao Nan , Zatreanu Diana , Frankum Jessica , Bajrami Ilirjana , Brough Rachel , Krastev Dragomir B. , Roumeliotis Theodoros I. , Choudhary Jyoti S. , Lorenz Sonja , Rust Alistair , de Bono Johann S. , Yap Timothy A. , Tutt Andrew N. J. , Lord Christopher J.
Published: July 2023

Although PARP inhibitors (PARPi) now form part of the standard-of-care for the treatment of homologous recombination defective cancers, de novo and acquired resistance limits their overall effectiveness. Previously, overexpression of the BRCA1-∆11q splice variant has been shown to cause PARPi resistance. How cancer cells achieve increased BRCA1-∆11q expression has remained unclear. Using isogenic cells with different BRCA1 mutations, we show that reduction in HUWE1 leads to increased levels of BRCA1-∆11q and PARPi resistance. This effect is specific to cells able to express BRCA1-∆11q (e.g. BRCA1 exon 11 mutant cells) and is not seen in BRCA1 mutants that cannot express BRCA1-∆11q, nor in BRCA2 mutant cells. As well as increasing levels of BRCA1-∆11q protein in exon 11 mutant cells, HUWE1 silencing also restores RAD51 nuclear foci and platinum salt resistance. HUWE1 catalytic domain mutations were also seen in a case of PARPi resistant, BRCA1 exon 11 mutant, high grade serous ovarian cancer. These results suggest how elevated levels of BRCA1-∆11q and PARPi resistance can be achieved, identify HUWE1 as a candidate biomarker of PARPi resistance for assessment in future clinical trials and illustrate how some PARPi resistance mechanisms may only operate in patients with particular BRCA1 mutations.
Water in the terrestrial planet-forming zone of the PDS 70 disk
Authors: Perotti G. , Christiaens V. , Henning Th. , Tabone B. , Waters L. B. F. M. , Kamp I. , Olofsson G. , Grant S. L. , Gasman D. , Bouwman J. , Samland M. , Franceschi R. , van Dishoeck E. F. , Schwarz K. , Güdel M. , Lagage P.-O. , Ray T. P. , Vandenbussche B. , Abergel A. , Absil O. , Arabhavi A. M. , Argyriou I. , Barrado D. , Boccaletti A. , Caratti o Garatti A. , Geers V. , Glauser A. M. , Justannont K. , Lahuis F. , Mueller M. , Nehmé C. , Pantin E. , Scheithauer S. , Waelkens C. , Guadarrama R. , Jang H. , Kanwar J. , Morales-Calderón M. , Pawellek N. , Rodgers-Lee D. , Schreiber J. , Colina L. , Greve T. R. , Östlin G. , Wright G.
Published: July 2023

Terrestrial and sub-Neptune planets are expected to form in the inner (less than 10 au) regions of protoplanetary disks1. Water plays a key role in their formation2–4, although it is yet unclear whether water molecules are formed in situ or transported from the outer disk5,6. So far Spitzer Space Telescope observations have only provided water luminosity upper limits for dust-depleted inner disks7, similar to PDS 70, the first system with direct confirmation of protoplanet presence8,9. Here we report JWST observations of PDS 70, a benchmark target to search for water in a disk hosting a large (approximately 54 au) planet-carved gap separating an inner and outer disk10,11. Our findings show water in the inner disk of PDS 70. This implies that potential terrestrial planets forming therein have access to a water reservoir. The column densities of water vapour suggest in-situ formation via a reaction sequence involving O, H2 and/or OH, and survival through water self-shielding5. This is also supported by the presence of CO2 emission, another molecule sensitive to ultraviolet photodissociation. Dust shielding, and replenishment of both gas and small dust from the outer disk, may also play a role in sustaining the water reservoir12. Our observations also reveal a strong variability of the mid-infrared spectral energy distribution, pointing to a change of inner disk geometry.
A novel intra-tumoral drug delivery carrier for treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Elsaady Shimaa A. , Aboushelib Moustafa N. , Al-Wakeel Essam , Badawi Manal F.
Published: July 2023

The treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) includes systemic chemotherapy and is associated with aggressive side effects on patients. This study evaluated a new intra-tumor-targeted drug delivery method for the treatment of OSCC induced on the dorsum of the tongue in white mice. The induced tumors were examined by needle biopsy. A targeted anticancer drug (Cetuximab) and [Cisplatin and 5 Fluorouracil (5-FU)] chemotherapeutic agents were loaded on polyethylene glycol-polylactide-polyethylene glycol (PEG-PLA-PEG) nanoparticles (NPs) designed for intralesional injection while systemic administration was used as control. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was performed to study NP chemical structure, a drug release profile was conducted to study release kinetics, and histopathological evaluation was performed before and after treatment to evaluate tissue reactions (n-28, ά = 0.05). The drug release profile was characteristic of the chemotherapeutic agent showing early quick ascend followed by sustained slow release. FTIR peaks identified the polymeric structure of the drug nano-carrier. Histopathologic examination of chemically induced OSCC revealed different grades ranging from non-invasive to invasive stages of OSCC. Intra-tumoral test group revealed significant remission of observed cancer grade compared to the systemically administered group (X2 = 12.63, P < 0.001). Finally, using synthesized PEG–PLA–PEG NPs for intralesional injection is a promising route for the treatment of OSCC.
Evidence of familial resemblance and family-based heritability of food intakes derived from a longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Akbarzadeh Mahdi , Teymoori Farshad , Riahi Parisa , Farhadnejad Hossein , Ahmadirad Hamid , Sadat Zahedi Asiyeh , Hosseini-Esfahani Firoozeh , Zarkesh Maryam , Vafa Mohammadreza , Mirmiran Parvin , Daneshpour Maryam S.
Published: July 2023

We sought to investigate the familial aggregation and family-based heritability of dietary intakes among adults in a population-based longitudinal study of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLSG). Total of 4359 males and 5439 females entered our study. We categorized foods into main groups based on the literature on main food groups and their subgroups among the Iranian dietary habits and food culture as follows: grains, fruits, vegetables, dairy, meats, legume, nuts, beverages, snacks, and fats. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) are estimated to verify familial resemblance of dietary habits for all relative pairs and spouses. Family-based heritability is obtained using a mixed effect framework with likelihood-based approach. For almost all food groups, the correlation between parents and offsprings tended to be larger than those of siblings. Family-based heritability of food groups varies from the lowest 6.36% for snacks to the highest 25.67% for fruits, and 25.66% for legume. Our findings indicated weak-to-moderate similarities between parents' and offspring's food intakes; however, the similarity in parent–child food intakes was different, and the correlation in mother-daughter food intakes was stronger than other parent–child correlations, and almost all of dietary components showed strong family-based heritability.
Evidences for the augmented Cd(II) biosorption by Cd(II) resistant strain Candida tropicalis XTA1874 from contaminated aqueous medium
Authors: Bhattacharyya Kaustav , Bhattacharjee Neelanjan , Ganguly Subhadeep
Published: July 2023

Cadmium is one of the most dreadful heavy metals and is becoming a major toxicant in ground water with increasing concentration above the WHO Guidelines in drinking water (0.003 mg/L). The potential sources of cadmium include sewage sludge, phosphate fertilizers and ingredients like Ni–Cd batteries, pigments, plating and plastics. Cadmium levels are increased in water owing to the use and disposal of cadmium containing ingredients. Water draining from a landfill may contain higher cadmium levels. The authors have tried to evaluate the optimized nutritional conditions for the optimal growth and Cd(II) remediation capacity for a developed Cd(II) resistant yeast strain named Candida tropicalis XTA 1874 isolated from contaminated water-body in West Bengal. By analyzing the optimization conditions, a synthetic medium was developed and the composition has been given in the main text. The strain showed much better Cd(II) adsorption capacity under the optimized nutritional conditions (Mean removal = 88.077 ± 0.097%).
Electrophysiological damage to neuronal membrane alters ephaptic entrainment
Authors: Cunha Gabriel Moreno , Corso Gilberto , Lima Marcelo M. S. , dos Santos Lima Gustavo Zampier
Published: July 2023

The brain is commonly understood as a complex network system with a particular organization and topology that can result in specific electrophysiological patterns. Among all the dynamic elements resulting from the circuits of the brain’s network, ephapticity is a cellular communication mechanism that has received little attention. To understand the network’s properties of ephaptic entrainment, we start investigating the ephaptic effect on a single neuron. In this study, we used numerical simulations to examine the relationship between alterations in ephaptic neuronal entrainment and impaired electrophysiological properties of the neuronal membrane, which can occur via spike field coherence (SFC). This change in frequency band amplitude is observed in some neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s or Alzheimer’s. To further investigate these phenomena, we proposed a damaged model based on the impairment of both the resistance of the ion channels and the capacitance of the lipid membrane. Therefore, we simulated ephaptic entrainment with the hybrid neural model quadratic integrate-and-fire ephaptic (QIF-E), which mimics an ephaptic entrainment generated by an LFP (simulate a neuronal group). Our results indicate a link between peak entrainment (ephapticity) preference and a shift in frequency band when damage occurs mainly in ion channels. Finally, we discuss possible relationships between ephaptic entrainment and neurodegenerative diseases associated with aging factors.
Efficient removal of pharmaceutical contaminants from water and wastewater using immobilized laccase on activated carbon derived from pomegranate peels
Authors: Al-sareji Osamah J. , Meiczinger Mónika , Al-Juboori Raed A. , Grmasha Ruqayah Ali , Andredaki Manolia , Somogyi Viola , Idowu Ibijoke A. , Stenger-Kovács Csilla , Jakab Miklós , Lengyel Edina , Hashim Khalid S.
Published: July 2023

In this study, pomegranate peels (PPs) as an abundant fruit processing waste was used to produce cost-effective, eco-friendly, and high-quality activated carbon. The produced carbon (fossil free activated carbon) was used for immobilizing laccase to remove a range of emerging pollutants namely diclofenac, amoxicillin, carbamazepine, and ciprofloxacin from water and wastewater. The loaded activated carbon by laccase (LMPPs) and the unloaded one (MPPs) were characterized using advanced surface chemistry analysis techniques. MPPs was found to have a porous structure with a large surface area and an abundance of acidic functional groups. Laccase immobilization reduced surface area but added active degradation sites. The optimal immobilization parameters were determined as pH 4, 35 °C, and a laccase concentration of 2.5 mg/mL resulting in a 69.8% immobilization yield. The adsorption of the emerging pollutant onto MPPs is best characterized as a spontaneous endothermic process that adheres to the Langmuir isotherm and first-order kinetics. Using synergistic adsorption and enzymatic degradation, the target pollutants (50 mg/L) were eliminated in 2 h. In both water types, LMPPs outperformed MPPs. This study shows that pomegranate peels can effectively be harnessed as an enzyme carrier and adsorbent for the removal of emerging pollutants even from a complex sample matrix. The removal of contaminants from wastewater lasted five cycles, whereas it continued up to six cycles for water.
Validation of bone mineral density measurement using quantitative CBCT image based on deep learning
Authors: Park Chan-Soo , Kang Se-Ryong , Kim Jo-Eun , Huh Kyung-Hoe , Lee Sam-Sun , Heo Min-Suk , Han Jeong-Joon , Yi Won-Jin
Published: July 2023

The bone mineral density (BMD) measurement is a direct method of estimating human bone mass for diagnosing osteoporosis, and performed to objectively evaluate bone quality before implant surgery in dental clinics. The objective of this study was to validate the accuracy and reliability of BMD measurements made using quantitative cone-beam CT (CBCT) image based on deep learning by applying the method to clinical data from actual patients. Datasets containing 7500 pairs of CT and CBCT axial slice images from 30 patients were used to train a previously developed deep-learning model (QCBCT-NET). We selected 36 volumes of interest in the CBCT images for each patient in the bone regions of potential implants sites on the maxilla and mandible. We compared the BMDs shown in the quantitative CBCT (QCBCT) images with those in the conventional CBCT (CAL_CBCT) images at the various bone sites of interest across the entire field of view (FOV) using the performance metrics of the MAE, RMSE, MAPE (mean absolute percentage error), R2 (coefficient of determination), and SEE (standard error of estimation). Compared with the ground truth (QCT) images, the accuracy of the BMD measurements from the QCBCT images showed an RMSE of 83.41 mg/cm3, MAE of 67.94 mg/cm3, and MAPE of 8.32% across all the bone sites of interest, whereas for the CAL_CBCT images, those values were 491.15 mg/cm3, 460.52 mg/cm3, and 54.29%, respectively. The linear regression between the QCBCT and QCT images showed a slope of 1.00 and a R2 of 0.85, whereas for the CAL_CBCT images, those values were 0.32 and 0.24, respectively. The overall SEE between the QCBCT images and QCT images was 81.06 mg/cm3, whereas the SEE for the CAL_CBCT images was 109.32 mg/cm3. The QCBCT images thus showed better accuracy, linearity, and uniformity than the CAL_CBCT images across the entire FOV. The BMD measurements from the quantitative CBCT images showed high accuracy, linearity, and uniformity regardless of the relative geometric positions of the bone in the potential implant site. When applied to actual patient CBCT images, the CBCT-based quantitative BMD measurement based on deep learning demonstrated high accuracy and reliability across the entire FOV.
The structural connectivity mapping of the intralaminar thalamic nuclei
Authors: Kumar Vinod Jangir , Scheffler Klaus , Grodd Wolfgang
Published: July 2023

The intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus play a pivotal role in awareness, conscious experience, arousal, sleep, vigilance, as well as in cognitive, sensory, and sexual processing. Nonetheless, in humans, little is known about the direct involvement of these nuclei in such multifaceted functions and their structural connections in the brain. Thus, examining the versatility of structural connectivity of the intralaminar nuclei with the rest of the brain seems reasonable. Herein, we attempt to show the direct structural connectivity of the intralaminar nuclei to diencephalic, mesencephalic, and cortical areas using probabilistic tracking of the diffusion data from the human connectome project. The intralaminar nuclei fiber distributions span a wide range of subcortical and cortical areas. Moreover, the central medial and parafascicular nucleus reveal similar connectivity to the temporal, visual, and frontal cortices with only slight variability. The central lateral nucleus displays a refined projection to the superior colliculus and fornix. The centromedian nucleus seems to be an essential component of the subcortical somatosensory system, as it mainly displays connectivity via the medial and superior cerebellar peduncle to the brainstem and the cerebellar lobules. The subparafascicular nucleus projects to the somatosensory processing areas. It is interesting to note that all intralaminar nuclei have connections to the brainstem. In brief, the structural connectivity of the intralaminar nuclei aligns with the structural core of various functional demands for arousal, emotion, cognition, sensory, vision, and motor processing. This study sheds light on our understanding of the structural connectivity of the intralaminar nuclei with cortical and subcortical structures, which is of great interest to a broader audience in clinical and neuroscience research.
A method of gas sensor drift compensation based on intrinsic characteristics of response curve
Authors: Sun Yubing , Zheng Yutong
Published: July 2023

Sensor drift, which is an inevitable and challenging problem in gas sensing, seriously affects the detection performance of sensor. In this study, a new sensor drift compensation method, which is based on intrinsic characteristic of sensory response, is proposed. The dataset of gas sensor for two types of gas with a period of 36 months are collected and two features (one is steady-state feature, another is transient feature) are extracted. Their relationship, which is found to be certain for different months and sensors, is explored. Then, drift compensation method is processed based on this relationship, aiming to make the drifted sensor features adjusted to that of month 1, which is considered as having no drift phenomenon. Moreover, small amount of dataset is necessary for model building and it has strong scalability. Finally, SVM is employed for proving the performance of the drift compensation method proposed in this study. The results show the efficacy of 22 month of continuous monitoring, which has been enough for most application scenario, and almost 20% of increasement of correct classification rate of SVM after drift compensation, which indicates the effect of drift compensation method.
Blueberry intake elevates post-exercise anti-inflammatory oxylipins: a randomized trial
Authors: Nieman David C. , Sakaguchi Camila A. , Omar Ashraf M. , Davis Kierstin L. , Shaffner Cameron E. , Strauch Renee C. , Lila Mary Ann , Zhang Qibin
Published: July 2023

This study determined if 18 days of supplementation with blueberries (BL) compared to placebo (PL) could mitigate muscle soreness and damage and improve inflammation resolution in untrained adults (n = 49, ages 18–50 years) after engaging in a 90-min bout of “weekend warrior” eccentric exercise. The BL freeze dried supplement provided 1 cup of fresh blueberries per day equivalent with 805 mg/day total phenolics and 280 mg/day anthocyanins. Urine levels of eight BL gut-derived phenolics increased after 14- and 18-days supplementation with 83% higher concentrations in BL vs. PL (p < 0.001). The 90-min exercise bout caused significant muscle soreness and damage during 4d of recovery and a decrease in exercise performance with no significant differences between PL and BL. Plasma oxylipins were identified (n = 76) and grouped by fatty acid substrates and enzyme systems. Linoleic acid (LA) oxylipins generated from cytochrome P450 (CYP) (9,10-, 12,13-dihydroxy-9Z-octadecenoic acids) (diHOMEs) were lower in BL vs. PL (treatment effect, p = 0.051). A compositive variable of 9 plasma hydroxydocosahexaenoic acids (HDoHEs) generated from docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6) and lipoxygenase (LOX) was significantly higher in BL vs. PL (treatment effect, p = 0.008). The composite variable of plasma 14-HDoHE, 17-HDoHE, and the eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)-derived oxylipin 18-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (18-HEPE) (specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators, SPM, intermediates) was significantly higher in BL vs PL (treatment effect, p = 0.014). Pearson correlations showed positive relationships between post-exercise DHA-LOX HDoHEs and SPM intermediates with urine blueberry gut-derived phenolics (r = 0.324, p = 0.023, and r = 0.349, p = 0.015, respectively). These data indicate that 18d intake of 1 cup/day blueberries compared to PL was linked to a reduction in pro-inflammatory diHOMES and sustained elevations in DHA- and EPA-derived anti-inflammatory oxylipins in response to a 90-min bout of unaccustomed exercise by untrained adults.
A broadband picometer resolution visible CCD spectrometer based on virtually imaged phased array technology
Authors: Zhou Hao , Zhao Weixiong , Fang Bo , Lv Bingxuan , Cui Weihua , Zhang Weijun , Chen Weidong
Published: July 2023

A broadband picometer resolution visible virtually imaged phase array spectrometer was developed and the theoretical model was improved by considering the effect of surface quality of VIPA etalon, the pinhole image,etc.
An electrochemical approach for the prediction of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid and total cannabinoid content in Cannabis sativa L.
Authors: Monari Alessandro , Cantalù Sara , Zanfrognini Barbara , Brighenti Virginia , Verri Patrizia , Zanardi Chiara , Pellati Federica , Pigani Laura
Published: July 2023

Two electrochemical sensors are proposed here for the first time for the fast screening of cannabinoids in Cannabis sativa L. plant material (inflorescences).
Hydroxamate-directed access to β-Kdo glycosides
Authors: Pramanik Sourav , Mondal Soumik , Chinarev Alexander , Bovin Nicolai V. , Saha Jaideep
Published: July 2023

The manifold leading to aziridinone or azaoxyallyl cation, when incorporated at anomeric centre of Kdo-glycosyl donor, stereoselective glycosylation was achieved leading to β-Kdo glycosides. Pivotal roles of hydroxamate over amide is revealed in control experiments.
Nanotubule inclusion in the channels formed by a six-fold interpenetrated, triperiodic framework
Authors: Kusumoto Sotaro , Atoini Youssef , Koide Yoshihiro , Chainok Kittipong , Hayami Shinya , Kim Yang , Harrowfield Jack , Thuéry Pierre
Published: July 2023

Anionic uranyl tricarballylate nanotubules are included within the cationic, six-fold interpenetrated framework formed by uranyl with a zwitterionic dicarboxylate ligand.
Precise graphene cutting using a catalyst at a probe tip under an electron beam
Authors: Sinitsa Alexander S. , Polynskaya Yulia G. , Lebedeva Irina V. , Knizhnik Andrey A. , Popov Andrey M.
Published: July 2023

Graphene cutting using a nickel catalyst at a probe tip under an electron beam is demonstrated using MD simulations and DFT calculations.
Mechanism of formation and ion mobility separation of protomers and deprotomers of diaminobenzoic acids and aminophthalic acids
Authors: Valadbeigi Younes , Causon Tim
Published: July 2023

Protonation and deprotonation sites of diaminobenzoic acid and aminophthalic acid isomers were investigated using ion mobility-mass spectrometry and computational methods.
Photoinduced electron transfer in [10]CPP⊃C60 oligomers with stable and well-defined supramolecular structures
Authors: Stasyuk A. J.
Published: July 2023

MD simulations reveal that oligomers ([10]CPP_Fused⊃C60)24 and ([10]CPP_Fused⊃C60)32 with π-extended CPPs form stable, helix-like structures. The photoinduced electron transfer in these oligomers is favorable and occurs on a nanosecond time scale.
The multiple physical quantity sensor based on cylindrical photonic crystals with XOR logic gates
Authors: Zhang Ding-Yuan , Sui Jun-Yang , Liu You-Ming , Zhang Hai-Feng
Published: July 2023

Based on cylindrical photonic crystals in one dimension, a multi-scale sensor device with a logic operation is being proposed.
High-transmission and large group delay terahertz triple-band electromagnetically induced transparency in a metal-perovskite hybrid metasurface
Authors: Chen Mingming , Yang Xue-Xia
Published: July 2023

A high-transmission and large group delay terahertz triple-band electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) effect is obtained in a metal-perovskite hybrid metasurface.
Halogen-regulating induced reversible high-temperature dielectric and thermal transitions in novel layered organic–inorganic hybrid semiconducting crystals
Authors: Han Ding-Chong , Tan Yu-Hui , Tang Yun-Zhi , Wen Jia-Hui , Shi Hui-Juan , Fan Xiao-Wei , Li Qiao-Lin , Wang Meng-Na
Published: July 2023

Two novel high-Tperovskite crystals, [Cl-C6H4-(CH2)2NH3]2CdX4(X = Br 1; Cl 2), have been assembled, possessing evident thermal-dielectric anomalies, direct-band-gap characteristics and an enhanced temperature of 21 K from 1 to 2.
Electronic structure contributions to O–O bond cleavage reactions for MnIII-alkylperoxo complexes
Authors: Brunclik Samuel A. , Opalade Adedamola A. , Jackson Timothy A.
Published: July 2023

Through the use of density functional theory calculations and comparisons with published experimental data, the differences in the decay pathways of the MnIII-alkylperoxo complexes [MnIII(OOtBu)(6Medpaq)]+ and [MnIII(OOtBu)(N4S)]+ are rationalized.
One-step synthesis of a benzothiadiazole-based nonbranching functionalized covalent organic framework and its application in efficient removal of Hg2+
Authors: Li Guizhen , Cao Yuanzhe , Zhang Bo , Zhang Qiang , Hu Yingyuan , Zhao Xin
Published: July 2023

A nonbranching functionalized covalent organic framework TPS-COF was synthesized by a one-step approach. It simultaneously exhibits high crystallinity, good stability and excellent removal efficiency for Hg2+.
Concluding remarks: Iontronics, from fundamentals to ion-controlled devices – Random access memories
Authors: Bocquet Lydéric
Published: July 2023

Is this the dawn of iontronics? Iontronics underpins the notion of devices and ionic machines, whereby ion and water also act as information carriers. Thinking about iontronics gives a vision and a road map, with applications in the water–energy nexus.
An efficient and recyclable electroeluter: from homemade to modular design for potential mass production
Authors: Su Linhan , Gong Xueting , Zhou Ju , Li Hailong
Published: July 2023

We describe a recyclable and efficient module-assembled electroeluter. Thorough testing confirms >90% recovery for all ssDNA, dsDNA, and protein.
Efficient photocatalytic performance and the mechanism of copper(i) metal–organic framework nanosheets
Authors: Yang Shaolong , Chen Yuhuan , Li Shixiong , Chen Huijun
Published: July 2023

The photocatalytic mechanism indicates that during the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants, the Cu(i) in the nanosheets of 1 is oxidized to Cu(ii), and the –CN– in MB and the –NN– in MO are first destroyed by the oxidation of ˙OH.
Facile access to S-methyl dithiocarbamates with sulfonium or sulfoxonium iodide as a methylation reagent
Authors: Deng Huiying , Xiang Lingling , Yuan Zhijun , Lin Bohong , He Yiting , Hou Qi , Ruan Yaoping , Zhang Jing
Published: July 2023

Inspired by S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM), sulfonium and sulfoxonium iodides were explored as methylation reagents to access S-methyl and S-trideuteromethyl dithiocarbamates.
Pd-catalyzed decarboxylative 1,4-addition reactions of benzofuran-based azadienes with allyl phenyl carbonates
Authors: Cai Lu-Yu , Song Xiu-Qing , Wang Kuo , Zhang Yue , Zhao Hong-Wu
Published: July 2023

This paper describes a new 1,4-addition reaction between benzofuran-based azadienes and allyl phenyl carbonates for the synthesis of highly functionalized benzofuran scaffolds.
Diastereoselective construction of carbo-bridged polyheterocycles by a three-component tandem annulation reaction
Authors: Wang Maorui , Zhang Min
Published: July 2023

A new three-component reaction for mild construction of benzo[d]pyrazolo[4,3-g][1,3]oxazocines is described, which proceeds with readily available feedstocks, catalyst-free conditions, broad substrate, and high step and atom efficiency.
The design of highly conductive and stretchable polymer conductors with low-load nanoparticles
Authors: Sun Yu-Ting , Zhao Can , Zhu You-Liang , Guan Jun-Lei , Zhang Li-Li , Wei Lai , Sun Zhao-Yan , Huang Yi-Neng
Published: July 2023

The design of highly conductive and stretchable polymer conductors with an ultra-low nanoparticle content. The design is achieved by the self-assembly of surface-modified nanoparticles to efficiently form robust conductive pathways.
Collaborative Commentary for Understanding Communication Disorders
Authors: MacWhinney Brian , Fromm Davida
Published: July 2023

Purpose:

The goal of the Collaborative Commentary (CC) system is to make the TalkBank adult clinical databases—including AphasiaBank, DementiaBank, RHDBank, and TBIBank—open to commentary and analysis from the full community of researchers, instructors, students, and clinicians.

Method:

CC allows a group leader to establish a commentary group and invite colleagues or students to join as members of the group. Members can then browse through the transcript database using the TalkBank Browser. When they wish to insert a comment, they click on the utterance line number or drag the cursor across a range of utterances and a window opens to receive the comment. The comment can include open text along with codes selected from a predefined set of codes created by that commentary group.

Results:

CC was released for public use in August 2022. It is being used currently in five research projects and eight classes. An important feature of CC is its ability to evaluate the reliability of coding systems and to sharpen analytic categories. By familiarizing instructors and researchers with the capabilities of CC, we expect to see an increasing usage of CC for a variety of clinical and research applications.

Conclusions:

CC can contribute to a better understanding of connected speech features in aphasia, dementia, right hemisphere disorder, and traumatic brain injury. CC represents an extreme innovation not only for the study of adult neurogenic communication disorders but also for the study of spoken language generally.
Decontextualized Utterances Contain More Typical and Stuttering-Like Disfluencies in Preschoolers Who Do and Do Not Stutter
Authors: Oppenheimer Kathleen E. , Lee Jessica , Huang Yi Ting , Bernstein Ratner Nan
Published: July 2023

Purpose:

Stuttering-like disfluencies (SLDs) and typical disfluencies (TDs) are both more likely to occur as utterance length increases. However, longer and shorter utterances differ by more than the number of morphemes: They may also serve different communicative functions or describe different ideas. Decontextualized language, or language that describes events and concepts outside of the “here and now,” is associated with longer utterances. Prior work has shown that language samples taken in decontextualized contexts contain more disfluencies, but averaging across an entire language sample creates a confound between utterance length and decontextualization as contributors to stuttering. We coded individual utterances from naturalistic play samples to test the hypothesis that decontextualized language leads to increased disfluencies above and beyond the effects of utterance length.

Method:

We used archival transcripts of language samples from 15 preschool children who stutter (CWS) and 15 age- and sex-matched children who do not stutter (CWNS). Utterances were coded as either contextualized or decontextualized, and we used mixed-effects logistic regression to investigate the impact of utterance length and decontextualization on SLDs and TDs.

Results:

CWS were more likely to stutter when producing decontextualized utterances, even when controlling for utterance length. An interaction between decontextualization and utterance length indicated that the effect of decontextualization was greatest for shorter utterances. TDs increased in decontextualized utterances when controlling for utterance length for both CWS and CWNS. The effect of decontextualization on TDs did not differ statistically between the two groups.

Conclusions:

The increased working memory demands associated with decontextualized language contribute to increased language planning effort. This leads to increased TD in CWS and CWNS. Under a multifactorial dynamic model of stuttering, the increased language demands may also contribute to increased stuttering in CWS due to instabilities in their speech motor systems.
Terahertz link with orthogonal polarization over silicon dielectric waveguide
Authors: Koala Ratmalgre , Iyoda Kei , Fujita Masayuki , Nagatsuma Tadao
Published: July 2023

The authors studied the transmission performance for orthogonal polarization fundamental modes in a dielectric silicon terahertz waveguide for doubling the data rate. The maximum data rate of practical error‐free condition (bit‐error rate < 10−11) for both polarizations is comparable over 20 Gbit/s under on‐off keying modulation at 0.3‐THz band.
A novel control method for improving reliability of 3‐phase induction motor drives under the stator winding open‐circuit fault
Authors: Ghojoghnezhad Sattar , Ghanbari Mahmood , Ebrahimi Reza , Jannati Mohammad
Published: July 2023

Post‐fault control of a 3‐phase Induction Motor (IM) drive under the Stator winding Open‐Circuit Fault (SOCF) has gained significant importance in recent years especially for safety‐critical industrial applications. Nevertheless, most of proposed schemes suffer from low accuracy or high complexity. In this research, a novel control scheme for improving reliability of wye‐connected 3‐phase IM drives under the SOCF according to Direct Field‐Oriented Control (DFOC) is proposed and evaluated. In the proposed system, different transformations are presented and employed to control the faulty system. The controller is achieved by minor modifications in the traditional control scheme structure. In the proposed system, an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is also used to estimate the rotor flux. The designed EKF‐based DFOC (DFOCEKF) is verified using simulations and experimental tests conducted on a 0.75 kW 3‐phase IM drive. Based on the results it can be calculated that the torque ripple is decreased clearly after the proposed fault‐tolerant control approach is applied. The DFOCEKF strategy can control the faulty motor accurately, which can further improve the reliability of IM drive systems. The results also confirmed that the proposed controller after the SOCF has faster dynamic response and higher accuracy compared to previous published papers.
Improving multi‐object tracking by full occlusion handle and adaptive feature fusion
Authors: Yue Yingying , Yang Yang , Yu Yongtao , Liu Haiyan
Published: July 2023

Occlusion has always been a challenging research topic in the field of multi‐target tracking. The invisibility of the target in full occlusion increases the difficulty of continuous tracking, which makes the recovery failure when the target is re‐visible, and ultimately leads to a decrease in tracking accuracy. To address full occlusion problem, an effective multi‐object tracking algorithm with full occlusion handle and adaptive fusion features is proposed. Firstly, a spatio‐temporal model is established for full occlusion, and a simple, efficient and training‐free method is proposed to find full occluded targets. Secondly, local high discrimination features with better stability and independence is proposed to realize effective correlation between targets before and after the full occlusion. Finally, an adaptive feature fusion mechanism is proposed, which can adjust feature structure dynamically according to the occlusion state. The experimental results show that most evaluation metrics of the proposed algorithm are superior to those of some typical algorithms proposed in recent years under full occlusion tracking scenes. The proposed algorithm can realize accurate occluded targets identification and improve tracking robustness under short‐term, long‐term and frequent full occlusion.
GWSim: Python package for creating mock GW samples for different astrophysical populations and cosmological models of binary black holes
Authors: Karathanasis Christos , Revenu Benoît , Mukherjee Suvodip , Stachurski Federico
Published: July 2023

Precision cosmology with gravitational wave (GW) sources requires a deeper understanding of the interplay between GW source population and cosmological parameters governing the dynamics of the Universe. With the swift increase in GW detections, it is necessary to develop a tool for exploring many aspects of cosmology and fundamental physics; this tools allows to simulate GW mock samples for several populations and cosmological models. We have developed a new code calledGWSim, which allows us to make a large sample of GW mock events from a broad range of configurations, while varying the cosmology, the merger rate, and the GW source parameters (i.e. mass and spin distributions in particular) for a given network of GW detectors. A large sample of simulated mock GW events will be useful for improving our understanding of the statistical properties of the distribution of GW sources, as long as it is detectable for a given detector noise and an astrophysical and cosmological model. It will also be useful to compare simulated samples with the observed distribution of the GW sources from data and infer the underlying population of the GW source parameters and cosmology. We restricted the cosmology to spatially flat universes, including models with varying dark energy equation of state. TheGWSimcode provides each mock event with a position in the sky and a redshift; these values can be those of random host galaxies coming from an isotropic and homogeneous simulated Universe or a user-supplied galaxy catalog. We used realistic detector configurations of the LIGO and Virgo network of detectors to demonstrate the performance of this code for the latest observation runs and the upcoming observation run.