bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LBM-MRT simulation of vertical flow of a non-Newtonian fluid in a channel provided with obstacles
Authors: Belaidi Mohammed Amokrane , Nasseri Lyes , Nebbali Rachid , Himrane Nabil , Ameziani Djamel Eddine
Published: November 2021

Forced convection heat transfer in channels with a block has been studied numerically. The vertical walls are differentially heated. The Lattice Boltzmann Method with multiple relaxation time (MRT) has been used to solve numerically the momentum and the heat transfer governing equations. This study details the effects of variations in the Reynolds number, Rayleigh number, and behavior index of fluid, to illustrate important fundamental and practical results. The results show that the recirculation caused by porous-covering block will significantly enhance the heat transfer rate on both top and right faces of second and subsequent blocks. In order to better understand the different elements of the study, we first analyzed the flow in a channel without obstacles in order to understand the behavior of non-Newtonian fluids. in such situations, we have observed that the speed profiles at establishment are essentially dependent on the behavior index, while the heat transfers are proportional to the Reynolds and Prandtl numbers but inversely to the behavior index.
Performance of a flat grooved heat pipe with a localized heat load
Authors: Sezmen Ramazan Aykut , Çetin Barbaros , Dursunkaya Zafer
Published: November 2021

Heat pipes are phase change heat transfer devices used in wide range of heat transport applications due to their high thermal transport capacities with low temperature differences. Heat pipes are especially preferred for electronic cooling applications and aerospace avionics to satisfy high heat transfer rate requirements. In this study, heat transfer and phase change mechanisms of working fluid are investigated and modeled using a 3-D thermal resistance network for multichannel flat grooved heat pipes. First, heat transfer and fluid flow are modeled in half of a single grooved structure due to symmetry, and is subjected to uniform heat flux. Radius of meniscus curvature and temperature distribution along the groove are calculated. Results are compared with experiments in the literature and show good agreement. The validated heat transfer and fluid flow models are extended to a multichannel model to observe performance of grooved heat pipes with localized heat sources, not covering the entire width, a vital feature for realistic simulation of operational devices. Predictions of the temperature distribution along the multichannel of the heat pipe are provided and the effect of the distribution of heat sources on the heat pipe is discussed.
Study of Air Flow in A Solar Collector Equipped with Two Inclined Obstacles
Authors: Benosman Fayssal , Amraoui Mohammed Amine
Published: November 2021

In the present work we have studied the case of a conventional solar air collector and try to see how is it possible to improve it-s efficiency, by changing Reynolds number. Given the complexity of the problem we used the FLUENT calculation code. We made the mathematical model, then we gave a
validation of our result by the results of Dimartini, we gave fields of speed, turbulence and a Nusselt profile and factor of friction as a function of the Reynolds Number. The results show that variation of Reynolds number has an influence on the performance of the solar collector, which is why we have used several values in order to observe the most suitable one.
Variations of Performance and Pressure Pulsation During Cavitation in Centrifugal Pumps with Entrained Air
Authors: Deng Fanjie , Yuan Jianping , Liao Minquan , Chen Mengfei , Zhu Han , Si Qiaorui
Published: November 2021

Most of the research on the cavitation with entrained air has focused on the military direction, but it ,about centrifugal pumps, which is relevant to people's livelihood, is still relatively lacking. In order to study the basic law of the development of cavitation inside centrifugal pumps under aeration conditions, a test bench suitable for cavitation experiments with incoming flow containing gas was obtained. Furthermore, a single-stage single-suction 6-blade centrifugal pump was used as the research object to conduct pressure pulsation experiments under cavitation condition when the incoming flow was 1.0% air viod fraction at 2900r/min-50m3/h. The results showed that: After cavitation happened, the greater aeration content will deteriorate the pump's anti-cavitation performance, but the head curve is more gentle in falling down compared to natural cavitation. Hence aeration has a beneficial effect on the performance degradation of the pump under the cavitation condition. At the same time, before the cavitation number drops to the fracture cavitation number of the pump, aeration has improvement in the efficiency of the pump in different degrees , especially in the situation with the ventilated rate of 1.0%. The main frequency of pressure pulsation at the inlet and outlet of the test pump after aeration is dominated by the blade frequency. The shaft frequency signal at the outlet gradually decreases with the cavitation number lessened. Moreover the amplitude of the blade frequency grows slightly with the reduction of the cavitation number. But it tends to soar when the cavitation number is less than the fracture cavitation number.
Vertical distribution of blue Shark (Prionace glauca) in The Indian Ocean
Authors: Rochman Fathur , Arnenda Gussasta Levi , Wujdi Arief , Kurniawan Roy
Published: November 2021

Each fish species tends to choose a suitable environment suitable for its survival and reproduction horizontally and vertically. Blue shark (Prionace glauca) is the dominant catch of pelagic sharks by-catch in the Eastern Indian Ocean longline tuna fishery, with about 70% of the total sharks caught in this fisheries. This study aims to provide the information and the vertical analysis distribution of blue sharks based on temperature and depth in the Indian Ocean. The scientific observer collected 2,951 set-by-set longline fishing data based on Research Institute For Tuna Fisheries (RITF) from January 2006 to December 2018, on which the present analysis was made. The mini logger was used to measure the vertical distribution of blue sharks in the longline fisheries. This result indicated that blue shark was caught between 75.18-445.46 m depth, with 84% of which live at thermocline area (70-300 m depth), and 16% lived in underlayer area (>300 m depth). Blue sharks distributed in the underlayer area have a larger body size than those in the thermocline area with a size >180 cmFL compared to 50-170 cmFL in the thermocline area.
The reproductive potential of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacaresBonnaterre, 1788) caught in the eastern part of the Indian Ocean
Authors: Hartaty Hety , Setyadji Bram , Wujdi Arief , Sulistyaningsih Ririk K.
Published: November 2021

Knowledge of reproduction biology provides valuable information to better understanding population dynamics, including a population's resilience to fishing. The yellowfin tuna reproductive biology in the eastern Indian Ocean was studied by analyzing some essential characteristics: size at maturity, the spawning season, frequency of spawning, egg diameter, and batch fecundity. From 2018 to 2020, 206 female yellowfin tuna were sampled (23-170 cmFL). They were using histological and morphological analysis, resulting in the size at maturity (Lm50) of yellowfin tuna being 92.73 cmFL. The spawning season of yellowfin tuna occurred between September and May, spawning every 1.55 days within the spawning period. The oocytes size ranged between 27.1 – 570.5 μm, and the mean size of oocytes (mean ± standard deviation) was 189.5±129.4 μm. The mean batch fecundity was 3.1±1.7 million oocytes, and the mean relative batch was 82.4±38.4 oocytes gram-1 of GGT weight. The uncertainties in current yellowfin stock assessment models can be reduced by providing complete information on the reproductive traits in the region to achieve a sustainable fishery.
Detoxification mechanisms in oxidative stress and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in gills of gambusia fish (Gambusia affinis) exposed to Cadmium
Authors: Adam Moh. Awaludin , Khumaidi Ach. , Ramli  , Widiastuti Ira Mei , Ernawati  , Insivitawati Era , Soegianto Agoes
Published: November 2021

This research aims to measure and analyze oxidative stress and ROS, aside from analyzing the detoxification mechanism in the gill of gambusia fish exposed to Cd. During maintenance and acclimatization, fish were fed pellets with smooth water circulation. After seven days of acclimation, the test fish were then transferred to a 4-liter aquarium. Before treatment, fish are fasted for 24 hours to ensure the stomach is empty. The study used 5 treatment groups with 1 control (C), treatment A: 0.03; B: 0.015; C: 0.011; D: 0.007; E: 0.003 (mg/L). The results showed a significant difference between the treatment and control groups (p <0.05). Treatments A and B were showed the highest reactive levels. Stress caused by Cd can increase ROS activity in the gill of gambusia fish. The production of ROS and the exposure to Cd stressors trigger the production of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). This study concludes that exposure to Cd in juvenile gambusia fish causes oxidative stress through increased antioxidant enzymes and ROS. Analysis related to the mechanism of detoxification of heavy metals in the body of juvenile gambusia fish.
Morphometrics and Growth Patterns of Halfbeak Fish (Nomorhamphussp.) in Moramo River, South Konawe Regency
Authors: Lawelle Sjamsu Alam , Asriyana  , Nofrianto Andy Budi
Published: November 2021

Halfbeaks (Nomorhamphussp.) are freshwater fishes that inhabit the Moramo River. Data and scientific information of this species are still limited. This study aims to determine the morphometric characters and growth patterns of halfbeak fish in the Moramo River. This research was conducted from April to June 2020. The fish was caught using a modified seine net. The length of the net is 15 m, width 1.2 m, and mesh size 0.5 x 0.5 inches. There is a pocket in the middle of the net with 40 cm of diameter and 1.5 m of length. The fish were separated by sex, weighed, and preserved using 4% formalin. Measurement of 22 morphometric characters using calipers with an accuracy of 0.1 mm. A total of 120 fish were caught, with 60 males and 60 females. Male fish have body lengths and weights ranging from 40.5-71 mm and 0.45-2.93 g, while female fish have body lengths and weights ranging from 43.5-91.5 mm and 0.5-5.74 g. The results of the growth patterns of male and female halfbeaks are negative allometric (b<3).
The effects of differences in water exchange on the productivity of glass eel stage in Anguilla bicolor bicolor culture
Authors: Setiadi Eri , Saputra Adang , Taufik Imam
Published: November 2021

Eel, Anguilla bicolor bicolor has an economic value for export commodity. Eel farming has been developed both of home to industries scales. However, the main problem during the glass eel culture is the low survival rate, characterized by high mortality. This condition is related to the culture technique that has not been established yet, especially water quality management. The research aims to determine the best water exchange during the culture of the glass eel on the survival, growth, and blood glucose. The different percentages of water exchange as a treatment were followed A) control (without water exchange); B) 20% of water exchange; C) 40% of water exchange; and D) 60% of water exchange. The water exchange has affected the survival, growth, and blood glucose (P<0.05). The ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate values during the culture period showed that the control was higher compared to the others. The water exchange of 40% is suitable for glass eel stage culture to obtain the best survival and growth.
The performance of first generation Of domesticated javaean barb (Systomus orphoides) fry
Authors: Dewi Raden Roro Sri Pudji Sinarni , Kusmini Irin Iriana , Radona Deni , Puteri Fera Permata
Published: November 2021

The existence of native fish in Indonesian waters, especially in West Java, is under threat due to environmental damage. The domestication of javaean barb (Systomus orphoides) is directed to save the existence of this species and provide economic benefits for the aquaculture community. This study aims were to obtain information about the potential production of larvae and fry of javaean barb that was reared in ex-situ. The parameters observed were fecundity, fertilization rate, hatching rate, the survival rate of larvae, fry growth rate, feed conversion ratio, and fry survival rate. The results showed that javaean barb could be spawned ex-situ through induce breeding techniques. Fecundity was 96 632 ± 24 012 eggs/fish with a fertilization rate of 98.3 ± 1.50% and a hatching rate of 64.5 ± 27.10%. The survival rate of 3 days old larvae was 85.2 ± 7.50%. The growth rate of javaean barb fry was positive allometric. The weight-specific growth rate was 4.9 ± 0.22 % with an FCR of 1.7 ± 0.28 and survival rate of 89.3 ± 4.16%. The success of ex situ javaean barb seedling production opens opportunities for developing this species cultivation in the future.
Stock depletion of yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares (Bonnaterre 1788) in the Northeastern Indian Ocean
Authors: Setyadji Bram , Hartaty Hety , Wujdi Arief , Sulistyaningsih Ririk K.
Published: November 2021

The stock of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) has been in a declining trend in the last five years. Although the noticeable decline mainly occurred in the western part of the Indian Ocean, uncertainty lingers on how this phenomenon will affect the opposite leg. The study aimed to investigate the dynamics of stock through monitoring several indicators by utilizing logbooks, scientific port sampling, and observer data available. The result showed that both relative abundance and estimated catch trend are declining in recent years, a sign that the negative global inclination also influences Indonesian tuna longline fisheries. Further studies are needed to understand whether this phenomenon also impacts other gears. Hence, mitigation on conserving the resource by reducing the catch and strengthening the data collection should be the priority to maintain the livelihood and welfare of many coastal communities.
Utilization rate and length-weight relationship of shortfin scad (Decapterus macrosoma) in Bali Strait Indonesia
Authors: Bintoro Gatut , Harlyan Ledhyane I. , Lelono Tri D. , Andini Nofita A.
Published: November 2021

Shortfin scad (Decapterus macrosoma) is an essential economic fish resource that spreads over tropical and subtropical oceans and is mostly caught in Bali Strait. High market demand for this fish leads to an increase in fishing efforts. In contrast, uncontrolled fishing efforts will threaten its sustainability and economic potential. This research was conducted based on catches during February – March 2020 for total samples of 1,115 fish and catch-effort time series secondary data (2008-2019). Length-weight data were analyzed using linear regression. The utilization level is predicted using the surplus production model analysis, Schaefer and Fox models, to estimate maximum sustainable yield (MSY). Results informed that based on Fox model analysis, values of sustainable catch (YMSY), optimum fishing effort (fopt), and total allowable catch (YTAC) were 1,585 tons/year, 1,782 trips/year, and 1,268 tons/year, respectively. The utilization rate value was 125%. An increase in fishing efforts led to the excess amount of catch over the MSY level. In addition, based on length-weight relationship analysis, the growth pattern of shortfin scad (D. macrosoma) was found negative allometric with equation W = 0.0175 L2.776. In conclusion, the fish has a fat body shape, and the stock is in overfishing condition.
Business analysis of black soldier fly (BSF) as an alternative feed for fish cultivation in Bogor City, West Java
Authors: Supena M. Harja , Asnawi  , Sobariah  , Suratman  , Wiryati Ganjar , Subagio A.
Published: November 2021

The research was conducted at six Reduce Reuse Recycle (TPS 3R) waste disposal sites located in six sub-districts in Bogor City. At this waste disposal site, the amount of waste was enormous. That is why Bogor City Government seeks to overcome this problem by cultivating black soldier fly (maggot) as a substitution for cultivated fish feed. The purpose of this study was to determine the income and feasibility of maggot cultivation in Bogor City through several business analysis indicators, namely "Income per cycle," Revenue Cost Ratio (R/C), and Break-Even Point (BEP). The research was conducted from July to September 2020. The types of data collected are primary and secondary data. Data were collected based on interviews and direct observation with six maggot cultivators who stayed in six polling stations as catfish cultivators. Data processing and analysis were carried out using quantitative and qualitative descriptive methods. The result showed that income per cycle (2 weeks) was Rp. 41,495,000,-, R/C ratio was 1.077 (1.1), BEP(Rp) was Rp. 38,223,654,-, and BEP(unit) was 8,112 kg. It can be concluded that the maggot cultivation business is feasible.
Repères pédagogiques à l’attention des enseignants-animateurs de groupes de type Balint en faculté de médecine
Authors: Even Guy ,   Collectif d’enseignants balintiens en Faculté de médecine
Published: November 2021

Contexte : Parmi les dispositifs pédagogiques utilisés dans l’enseignement de la relation médecin-malade en faculté de médecine, certains se réfèrent dans leur conception, leur organisation pratique et leur animation, à la « méthode des cas », mise en pratique et théorisée par le médecin psychiatre et psychanalyste Michael Balint. Objectif : Enoncer, sous forme d’une liste de repères pédagogiques et de conseils pratiques, les bases de l’animation de groupe selon la méthode Balint en faculté de médecine. Exégèse : Cet article présente un corpus de recommandations, rédigé par un collectif de professionnels de santé et d’enseignants issu des principales associations balintiennes françaises, dans le but de préciser les éléments essentiels de la méthode et de fournir aux enseignants qui l’utilisent des références et des conseils. Conclusion : Articulant les principes d’accompagnement des praticiens par les groupes Balint avec leur utilisation dans le contexte universitaire de formation des étudiants, ce texte est une contribution à la recherche sur les dispositifs pédagogiques visant à former les étudiants à la relation médecin malade.
Management of Volkmann’s Ischemic Contracture: Case Series of 32 patients
Authors: Benabdallah Otman , Shimi Mohamed , Ait Benali Hicham , Khamlichi Ahmed , Benabdallah Rania
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Volkmann’s contracture condition is of high prevalence in our population and is linked to therapeutic faults. The treatment and its results are determined according to the severity of the lesions. Methods: This retrospective study was performed in three centers and was conducted over 30 years (1987–2018); it included 32 patients. The disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand (DASH) score and the Weber test were used to evaluate the functional outcome looking at mid and long-term results. Results: Thirty-two patients were treated for Volkmann’s Ischemic Contracture (VIC). The age ranged from 4 to 58 years, with 19 patients aged under 15. Wrist fracture was the predominant cause in 16 cases. Fourteen patients obtained a completely functional hand, seven good functional results, four fair functional results, and seven poor results. Discussion: In comparison with other studies, we noticed significant differences: apart from the dominant male sex and right side, this is one large case series conducted over 30 years (1987–2018) looking at mid-and long-term results. All the patients presented with severe or moderate lesions on the first visit. In our study, the wrist fracture is predominant compared to elbow fractures and soft trauma. X-rays are especially helpful and are a first-line investigation for identifying displaced fractures and other associated lesions. Our study population is not large, and the treatment methods are varied, so it is impossible to provide statistically relevant correlations between the treatment method and outcome. But this work is based on the experience of more than 30 years, which makes it possible to help adequate decision making according to the state of the lesions. This study is a level IV case series.
Joint Preserving Treatment of Chronic Locked Posterior Shoulder
Dislocation by Means of Combined Humeral Allograft Reconstruction and Posterior
Glenoid Autograft Augmentation
Authors: Rüttershoff Katja , Akgün Doruk , Moroder Philipp
Published: November 2021

Chronic locked posterior shoulder dislocations are challenging to treat and
often warrant total shoulder arthroplasty. While joint preserving treatment
is preferable in young patients, surgical techniques to treat this pathology
have rarely been described in the literature. This technical note presents
the treatment of a 30-year-old male patient with a chronic locked posterior
shoulder dislocation by means of combined humeral allograft reconstruction
and posterior glenoid autograft augmentation. Restoration of the spheric
humeral head surface was obtained using a fresh-frozen femoral allograft
fixed with two reabsorbable screws. Due to the intraoperatively persistent
posterior instability after humeral reconstruction, the posterior glenoid
was augmented with a tricortical iliac crest autograft, which was fixed with
two metal screws. This treatment strategy resulted in a full range of motion
and a centered stable shoulder joint at one-year follow-up. Therefore, the
procedure of segmental reconstruction of the humeral head with a
fresh-frozen allograft combined with a posterior glenoid augmentation with
an iliac crest bone autograft is a joint-preserving treatment alternative to
shoulder arthroplasty in young patients when humeral head reconstruction
alone does not suffice.
Delayed Detection of a Carcinoid Tumor after Conservative Therapy for Appendicitis in a 13-Year-Old Boy and a 17-Year-Old Girl
Authors: Korsch Leonie Annina , Michael Boemers Thomas , Zimmermann Peter , Stenzel Martin , Wendenburg Wera
Published: November 2021

Acute appendicitis is common in children and adolescents. Recently, conservative antibiotic treatment is regarded to be a safe approach to treat uncomplicated appendicitis. It is already established as initial treatment in cases of perforated appendicitis with perityphlitic abscess, commonly followed by interval appendectomy. We report on a 13-year-old boy with uncomplicated appendicitis and a 17-year-old girl with complicated, perforated appendicitis and perityphlitic abscess in whom initially successful antibiotic treatment led to a delay in detection of a carcinoid tumor (neuroendocrine tumor, NET) of the appendix. NET of the appendix, with an incidence of 0.03 to 0.8% in the pediatric population undergoing appendectomy for acute appendicitis, are usually incidental findings after appendectomy with no secure method for detection prior to surgery. Raising concern about this rare but severe disease, we recommend information of patients and their parents about the potential risk of belated diagnosis before opting for conservative their treatment of acute appendicitis. Furthermore, patients successfully treated conservatively require a close follow-up by ultrasound. In presence of any conspicuous finding, especially on imaging, appendectomy should be considered.
A Brief Account of Homoeopathic Approach to Fight COVID-19 Disaster
Authors: Rath Padmalaya , Jana Shib Narayan
Published: November 2021

Rampen zijn een betreurenswaardig en onlosmakelijk deel van de beschaving. Hoewel rampen niet volledig kunnen worden voorkomen, kunnen de gevolgen ervan zodanig worden geminimaliseerd dat er zo weinig mogelijk mensenlevens en eigendom verloren gaan en de situatie zo snel mogelijk weer normaal wordt. In veel gevallen kunnen de gevolgen tot nul of verwaarloosbaar worden teruggebracht als voldoende inspanning aan de dag wordt gelegd. Epidemische ziekten worden ook als rampen beschouwd. Homeopathie is een medisch therapeutisch systeem dat beweert doeltreffend te kunnen ingrijpen bij epidemieën. Elk geneeskundig systeem dat aanbiedt in te grijpen bij een epidemie moet worden omarmd. Epidemieën hebben zich in het verleden niet alleen in India maar ook in andere landen voorgedaan, zoals cholera, de Aziatische griep, de Spaanse griep, het ernstig acuut respiratoir syndroom en de vogelgriep. Wanneer een epidemie zich in een groter geografisch gebied verspreidt en een groot aantal mensen treft, spreekt men van een pandemie. Coronavirusziekte 2019 (COVID-19) is een pandemie die in december 2019 begon. Homeopathische geneeskunde claimt een effectieve behandeling te hebben bij epidemieën. Er lijkt echter nauwelijks moeite te zijn gedaan om de beperkte gedocumenteerde studies over epidemieën samen te vatten die de positieve resultaten van de homeopathie zodanig consolideren dat beleidsmakers serieus kunnen nadenken over het feit dat homeopathie kan worden ingezet om epidemische ziekten te bestrijden. In dit artikel worden gegevens verzameld aan de hand van bestaande gepubliceerde artikelen over casuïstiek in peer-reviewed tijdschriften waarin de toepasbaarheid van homeopathie bij epidemieën/pandemieën en in COVID-19 wordt beoordeeld. Vanuit deze beoordeling is het vinden van geschikte oplossingen een noodzakelijke stap in de richting van preventie en behandeling van epidemische ziekten.
CSA-Induced PRES after Heart Transplantation—Report of Two Cases and Review
Authors: Huenges Katharina , Kolat Philipp , Panholzer Bernd , Haneya Assad
Published: November 2021

Background Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a rare neurological disease possibly associated with the use of calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) like cyclosporine A.

Case Description The case of a patient who developed severe PRES under CNI therapy shortly after heart transplantation is presented here. Cerebral computed tomography led to the diagnose of PRES in our patient. New therapy strategy with a quadruple immunosuppressive protocol (cortisone, mycophenolate mofetil, low-dose CNI, and a mechanistic target of rapamycin inhibitor) was started.

Conclusion Under the quadruple therapy, a neurologic recovery occurred. In PRES, the presented alternative therapy strategy may lead to improving neurological conditions and preserved transplant organ functions.
Tratamento das rupturas irreparáveis do manguito rotador: Reconstrução capsular superior com aloenxerto de fáscia lata
Authors: Beraldo Rodrigo Alves , Gracitelli Mauro Emilio Conforto , Malavolta Eduardo Angeli , Assunção Jorge Henrique , Silva Fernando Brandão de Andrade e , Neto Arnaldo Amado Ferreira
Published: November 2021

Objetivo O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a eficácia e a segurança da reconstrução capsular superior (RCS) com a utilização do aloenxerto de fáscia lata.

Métodos Uma série de casos prospectivos de 15 pacientes com ruptura irreparável do supraespinhal foi submetida a RCS com aloenxerto de fáscia lata, sendo adotada como desfecho primário a escala American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES, na sigla em inglês) aos 12 meses do pós-operatório. Como desfechos secundários, foram adotadas as escalas da University of California Los Angeles (UCLA, na sigla em inglês), Constant-Murley, e Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE, na sigla em inglês), além da amplitude de movimento. Os parâmetros radiológicos também foram avaliados por radiografias simples e ressonância magnética (RM).

Resultados Quinze pacientes completaram 12 meses de acompanhamento pós-operatório. O escore ASES aumentou de 34,0 para 73,0 (p = 0,005). As escalas UCLA, Constant-Murley e SANE também apresentaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas (p = 0,001; p = 0,005; e p = 0,046). Na avaliação da amplitude de movimento, houve melhora na elevação e rotação externa (95 a 140°, p = 0,003; 30 a 60°, p = 0,007). Seis pacientes (40%) tiveram cicatrização completa do enxerto. Os desfechos clínicos foram significativamente maiores nos pacientes que apresentaram cicatrização do enxerto.

Conclusões A RCS com aloenxerto de fáscia lata é um procedimento seguro e eficaz com um curto acompanhamento de tempo. Nível de evidência IV; Estudo Terapêutico; Série de casos.
Atualização na avaliação por imagens dos sarcomas ósseos e das partes moles
Authors: Guedes Alex , Oliveira Marcelo Bragança dos Reis , Melo Adelina Sanches de , Carmo Clarissa Canella Moraes do
Published: November 2021

A evolução na avaliação por imagens dos sarcomas musculoesqueléticos contribuiu para melhora significativa no prognóstico e na sobrevida dos portadores destas neoplasias. A caracterização precisa destas lesões, mediante utilização das modalidades de imagem mais adequadas a cada condição clínica apresentada, é de suma importância no delineamento da abordagem terapêutica a ser instituída, com impacto direto sobre os desfechos clínicos. O presente artigo busca atualizar o leitor a propósito das metodologias de imagem no contexto da avaliação local e sistêmica dos sarcomas ósseos e das partes moles.
Simulations show dynamical heterogeneity at moderate shock intensities in Yukawa solids
Authors: Rodriguez Jaimee-Ian
Published: November 2021

Shocks of certain speeds allow for coexistence of solid and liquid states in 2D Yukawa solids, as demonstrated by molecular dynamics simulations.
Phytochemistry of Australia's Tropical Rainforest
Authors: Williams Cheryll
Published: November 2021

Rare, unique and irreplaceable – precious native rainforests occupy a precariously small part of Australia while retaining a remarkable level of both biological and chemical diversity unrivalled by any other ecosystem. Australia's ancient history and traditions are intimately intertwined with the rainforest plants that humans have utilised as both food and medicine.

Phytochemistry of Australia's Tropical Rainforest is a record of this history and details how our understanding of these plants has led to the discovery of anaesthetics, analgesics, steroids, antimalarials and more. It provides an insight into the habitat, ecology and family associations of hundreds of species and explores their future therapeutic potential, alongside phytochemical studies of the ancient plant lineages. Toxicological evaluations of important poisonous plants are also included.

Rainforests provide shelter for unique flora and fauna that are counted among the rarest species on Earth, many of which are illustrated in this book. This comprehensive work is an essential reference for phytochemists, ethnobotanists and those with an interest in rainforests and their medicinal and botanical potential.
Communication as a clinical skill: a challenge in the delivery of safe and effective patient care
Authors: White Sarah J. , Preda Veronica
Published: November 2021

Communication in clinical practice has been the focus of linguistic, psychological, and sociological research for half a century, yet there is still so little emphasis on using that research to improve communication in practice. In this article, we urge for a repositioning of communication as a clinical skill, along with a stronger reliance on communication research evidence and collaboration with experts in studying and teaching these skills.
Effects of conjugated linoleic acid on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and blood biochemical indexes of male sika deer (Cervus nippon)
Authors: Kun Bao , Xiaoxu Wang , Kaiying Wang , Guangyu Li , Hanlu Liu
Published: November 2021

Context Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is very important for animals and humans. CLA has many important biological functions, such as reducing fat and increasing muscle, antioxidation, improving immunity and so on. CLA requirements for deer have not been established. Aims A single-factor test was conducted to evaluate the effects of CLA supplementation on male sika deer. Methods Sixteen deer were divided in four groups (from G0 to G3) of four animals, each according to their bodyweight. Deer in G0 were fed a basal diet without CLA supplementation. Deer in G1, G2 and G3 were fed diets supplemented with CLA at concentrations of 0.25%, 0.5% and 1.0%. Growth performance, nutrient digestibility and blood biochemical indexes were measured. Key results The results suggested that the average daily gain of deer increased with conjugated linoleic acid supplementation (P < 0.05); maximal growth performance was seen in G2. The average daily feed intake showed differences among the treatments (P < 0.01). The highest average daily feed intake was observed in Group G2. Feed to gain ratio (F:G) in Groups G1, G2 and G3 was different from that in Group G0 (P < 0.01). The digestibility of crude protein and ether extract was increased by conjugated linoleic acid concentrations (P < 0.05). The alkaline phosphatase activity showed a significant increase (P < 0.05) in Groups G2 and G3, compared with Group G0. There were significant differences in cholesterol between G1 and G2 groups (P < 0.05). Conclusions The results indicated that conjugated linoleic acid supplementation to diet plays a positive role in the growth of sika deer. Implications This experiment has shown the effects of dietary supplementation with CLA in sika deer breeding. It has layed a good foundation for the application of CLA supplementation in sika deer industry to promote the healthy development of sika deer breeding industry.
Camp site habitat preferences of the little red flying-fox (
Authors: Macdonald Stewart L. , Bradford Matthew , McKeown Adam , Vanderduys Eric , Hoskins Andrew , Westcott David
Published: November 2021

Urban flying-fox camps are a major source of human–wildlife conflict, producing noise, odour, vegetation damage, property damage, and concerns about disease. Although there is a significant demand in many communities for bat camps to be dispersed, there is limited information on how such dispersal can be conducted effectively. Determining the habitat characteristics flying-foxes use when selecting a camp site is key to understanding why they establish camps where they do and to where they might move if dispersed. We characterised little red flying-fox (LRFF) camp habitat at two spatial scales: floristics and vegetation structure at the local scale, and climatic and landscape characteristics at the broad scale. We found weak associations with local-scale tree and shrub height and cover, and stronger associations with increased Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (a measure of ‘greenness’) and decreased distance to nearest watercourse. These relationships were not strong enough to explain all variation in the model, suggesting that there are other factors, such as social cues, that could also influence camp site selection. Our results suggest that minor modifications to existing or proposed camp sites will be unlikely to repel or attract LRFFs, as other factors are likely to play key roles in the formation of camp sites for this species.
Necroptosis activates UPR sensors without disrupting their binding with GRP78
Authors: Liang Wei , Qi Weiwei , Geng Yang , Wang Linhan , Zhao Jing , Zhu Kezhou , Wu Guowei , Zhang Zairong , Pan Heling , Qian Lihui , Yuan Junying
Published: November 2021

Significance

Necroptosis has been shown to be involved in mediating pathology of major human inflammatory and degenerative diseases. Necroptosis is mediated by the activation of death receptors in response to the stimulation of cognate ligands such as the activation of TNFR1 by TNF. Here we provide unexpected insight that necroptosis promotes the activation of ER-localized transmembrane unfolded protein response (UPR) signal sensors, including protein kinases IRE1α and PERK in an unusual manner without disrupting their binding with GRP78. Thus, our results demonstrate that necroptosis promotes an unconventional ER stress response by directly disrupting the ER membrane without inducing the accumulation of misfolded proteins and the role of RNA as the content of extracellular vesicles released by necroptotic cells.
Nucleon-nucleus velocity-dependent optical model: revisited
Authors: Alameer Sajedah , Jaghoub M I , Ghabar I
Published: November 2021

In this work we study nucleon-nucleus elastic scattering using a nonlocal, velocity-dependent optical potential. The potential parameters are determined by fitting elastic angular distributions and polarization data for nucleon scattering off a wide range of nuclei falling in the mass range 12 ⩽ A ⩽ 208 and over the energy range 10–60 MeV. Our potential parameters lead to smoothly varying local equivalent potentials and, unlike previous works, the potential depths corresponding to the real volume, imaginary surface, and imaginary volume terms show systematic linear dependences on energy. In addition, for each nuclear target, we determined constant sets of geometric parameters. Including the polarization data in the fitting procedure helped in reducing the large variations in the depths of the spin–orbit term. Our best-fit angular distributions and polarization data are in very good agreement with measured data, and are either as good as the cross sections obtained with widely-used systematics or better.
The Kaiser-Rocket effect: three decades and counting
Authors: Bahr-Kalus Benedict , Bertacca Daniele , Verde Licia , Heavens Alan
Published: November 2021

The peculiar motion of the observer, if not accurately accounted for, is bound to induce a well-defined clustering signal in the distribution of galaxies. This signal is related to the Kaiser rocket effect. Here we examine the amplitude and form of this effect, both analytically and numerically, and discuss possible implications for the analysis and interpretation of forthcoming cosmological surveys.
For an idealistic cosmic variance dominated full-sky survey with a Gaussian selection function peaked at z ∼ 1.5 it is a > 5σ effect and it can in principle bias very significantly the inference of cosmological parameters, especially for primordial non-Gaussianity. For forthcoming surveys, with realistic masks and selection functions, the Kaiser rocket is not a significant concern for cosmological parameter inference except perhaps for primordial non-Gaussianity studies. However, it is a systematic effect, whose origin, nature and imprint on galaxy maps are well known and thus should be subtracted or mitigated. We present several approaches to do so.
A novel way of constraining the α-attractor chaotic inflation through Planck data
Authors: Sarkar Arunoday , Sarkar Chitrak , Ghosh Buddhadeb
Published: November 2021

Defining a scale ofk-modes of the quantum fluctuations during inflation through the dynamical horizon crossing conditionk = aHwe go from the physicaltvariable tokvariable and solve the equations of cosmological first-order perturbations self consistently, with the chaotic α-attractor type potentials. This enables us to study the behaviour ofns,r,ntandNin thek-space. Comparison of our results in the low-kregime with the Planck data puts constraints on the values of the α parameter through microscopic calculations. Recent studies had already put model-dependent constraints on the values of α through the hyperbolic geometry of a Poincaré disk: consistent with both the maximal supergravity model 𝒩 = 8 and the minimal supergravity model 𝒩 = 1, the constraints on the values of α are 1/3, 2/3, 1, 4/3, 5/3, 2, 7/3. The minimal 𝒩 = 1 supersymmetric cosmological models withB-mode targets, derived from these supergravity models, predicted the values ofrbetween 10-2and 10-3. Both in theE-model and theT-model potentials, we have obtained, in our calculations, the values ofrin this range for all the constrained values of α stated above, within 68% CL. Moreover, we have calculatedrfor some other possible values of α both in low-α limit, using the formular = 12α/N2, and in the high-α limit, using the formular = 4n/N, forn = 2 and 4. With all such values of α, our calculated results match with the Planck-2018 data with 68% or near 95% CL.
Effect of axion-like particles on the spectrum of the extragalactic gamma-ray background
Authors: Liang Yun-Feng , Zhang Xing-Fu , Cheng Ji-Gui , Zeng Hou-Dun , Fan Yi-Zhong , Liang En-Wei
Published: November 2021

Axion-like particles (ALPs) provide a feasible explanation for the observed lower TeV opacity of the Universe. If the anomaly TeV transparency is caused by ALPs, then the fluxes of distant extragalactic sources will be enhanced at photon energies beyond TeV, resulting in an enhancement of the observed extragalactic gamma-ray background (EGB) spectrum. In this work, we have investigated the ALP modulation on the EGB spectrum at TeV energies. Our results show that in the most optimistic case, the existence of ALPs can cause the EGB spectrum to greatly deviate from the prediction of a pure extragalactic-background-light (EBL) absorption scenario. The deviation occurs at approximately ≳1 TeV, and the current EGB measurements by Fermi-LAT cannot identify such an effect. We also find that most of the sensitive ALP parameters have been ruled out by existing constraints, leaving only a small region of unrestricted parameters that can be probed using the EGB effect investigated in this work. Observations from forthcoming very-high-energy instruments like LHAASO and CTA may be beneficial for the study of this effect.
Novel method for one-way local distinguishability of generalized Bell states in arbitrary dimension
Authors: Yang Ying-Hui , Yan Rang-Yang , Wang Xiao-Li , Yuan Jiang-Tao , Zuo Hui-Juan
Published: November 2021

In this paper the local distinguishability of generalized Bell states in arbitrary dimension is investigated. We firstly study the decomposition of a basis which consists of d
2 number of generalized Pauli matrices. We discover that this basis is equal to the union of D number of different sets, where

D
=

2

ϕ

(

d

)

∑

t
∈

Z

d

gcd

(

t
,
d

)

=
1

∑

i
=
2

⌊

d

t

⌋

ϕ

(

i

)

+
1

and ϕ is Euler ϕ-function. Then we define the generator of the matrices in this decomposition, and exhibit an algorithm to calculate generators of a given set of matrices. This algorithm shows that generators of a given set can be calculated simply and efficiently. Secondly, we show that a set

L

of GBSs can be distinguished by one-way LOCC if the cardinality of

G

L

is less than Dϕ(d), where

G

L

is a set of generators of all the elements in difference set of a set

L

of GBSs. The previous results in [2004 Phys. Rev. Lett.
92 177905; 2019 Phys. Rev. A
99 022307; 2021 Quantum Inf. Process.
20 52] can be covered by our result. Finally, for the uncovered cases in [2021 Quantum Inf. Process.
20 52], we give a new result to partly solve that problem.
Incubation Period, Spore Shedding Duration, and Symptoms of Enterocytozoon bieneusi Genotype C Infection in a Foodborne Outbreak in Denmark, 2020
Authors: Michlmayr Daniela , Alves de Sousa Luís , Müller Luise , Jokelainen Pikka , Ethelberg Steen , Vestergaard Lasse Skafte , Schjørring Susanne , Mikkelsen Sarah , Jensen Carl Widstrup , Rasmussen Lasse Dam , Rune Stensvold Christen
Published: November 2021

Background

Microsporidia are rarely reported to cause outbreaks of diarrhea. We describe a foodborne outbreak of microsporidiosis from a workplace canteen in November 2020 in Denmark.

Methods

A probable case was defined as any person using the canteen between 4 November and 13 December 2020, reporting at least one gastrointestinal symptom, whereas a confirmed case also had an Enterocytozoon bieneusi positive stool sample. A web-based questionnaire was used to collect clinical, epidemiological, and food exposure data. We performed a retrospective cohort study and tested stool samples from affected individuals for bacterial, viral, and parasitic pathogens, including E. bieneusi.

Results

Altogether, 195 individuals completed the questionnaire. We identified 52 cases (65% male; median age 45 years [range 25–65]). Diarrhea (90%), fatigue (83%), and abdominal pain (79%) were the most commonly reported symptoms. Eight cases were laboratory-confirmed and had E. bieneusi genotype C. The incubation period was between 5 and 12 days, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-detectable spore shedding occurred up to 43 days after symptom onset. Disease was associated with consuming food from the workplace canteen on 4 November 2020 (relative risk [RR[, 2.8 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.4 – 5.4]) and lunchboxes containing open sandwiches (RR, 3.2 [95% CI: 1.4 – 7.2]) served that day.

Conclusions

This is the second documented foodborne outbreak of E. bieneusi genotype C-associated diarrhea worldwide. Epidemiological findings advocated an open sandwiches lunchbox from 4 November 2020, as a likely source. E. bieneusi may be an under-reported cause of outbreaks of diarrhea, and testing for it might be useful in foodborne outbreak investigations.
Gender differences in Barrett’s esophagus and progression of disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Stephanie Melquist , Nour Hamade , de Sá Inês Marques , Shanker Kundumadam , Kevin Kennedy , Mario Dinis-Ribeiro , Prateek Sharma
Published: November 2021

It is known that Barrett’s esophagus (BE) and esophageal adenocarcinoma occur more commonly in men. What is unknown are the prevalence of BE and rates of neoplastic progression in women. Our aim was to determine the prevalence of Barrett’s and its progression to esophageal cancer in women through systematic review and meta-analysis. A comprehensive search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Studies were included that reported prevalence rates of BE or progression rates to neoplastic disease stratified by gender. Barrett’s was defined by updated criteria as salmon-colored mucosa ≥1 cm proximal to the gastroesophageal junction. Pooled rates and odds ratios (ORs) at 95% confidence interval (CI) of the prevalence of BE and its progression to neoplastic disease were calculated. Ten studies with 19,337 patients (50.6% women) reported on prevalence and six studies with 5137 patients (24.3% women) reported on neoplastic progression of disease between genders. The rate of BE in women was 1.29% ([95% CI: 0.76–2.19], I2 = 91%) compared to men at 4.66% ([95% CI: 3.31–6.53], I2 = 89%); OR: 0.33 ([95% CI: 0.27–0.42], I2 = 0%). The rate of annual progression of Barrett’s to high-grade dysplasia or adenocarcinoma was 0.62% ([95% CI: 0.22–1.75]) in women compared to 1.54% ([95% CI: 0.83–2.81], I2 = 96%) in men; OR: 0.44 ([95% CI: 0.30–0.65], I2 = 22%). This study demonstrates a 70% lower rate of prevalence and a 60% lower rate of neoplastic progression of Barrett’s in women. Future BE guidelines should tailor screening and surveillance practices by gender.