bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The influence of temperature on the engagement process of the wet clutches
Authors: Yang Zhe
Published: June 2021

The wet clutch is an important component in the vehicle transmission system, which has an important influence on the smoothness and rapidity of the vehicle starting and shifting processes. As a friction element, wet clutches are usually troubled by the wear and breakage problems, caused by high temperature. To solve this problem and reveal the operating mechanism, a dynamic model, along the circumferential and axial direction is proposed to describe the engagement process. In addition, a lumped thermal resistance model is established to predict the changing trend of the temperature during the engagement process. Then, with these two models, an integrated model is proposed. From the simulation results, the initial temperature has little effect on the temperature rise of the wet clutch. While, it has an obvious influence on the viscous torque, the higher the temperature is, the smaller the viscous torque is. While, for the asperity torque, it is opposite.
Intelligent warehouse task information flow scheduling under fog computing environment
Authors: Lei Chen , Minzhi Jia
Published: June 2021

Traditional cloud computing systems used in intelligent warehouses are managed in a centralized manner. Faced with more and more intelligent terminal devices in the warehouse, the resources of the intelligent warehouse cannot be fully utilized. Therefore, a distributed approach is adopted to deploy fog computing nodes near smart terminal devices to provide real-time computing response. The network architecture of intelligent warehouse based on fog computing is designed, and a real-time task scheduling model is established considering the time delay problem. In this model, an improved artificial bee colony algorithm is used to schedule the task information flow and allocate a reasonable amount of computing data to the fog nodes. The simulation results show that the error between the calculated delay and the calibrated delay on the fog node is within the specified range and can meet the requirements of different task types for the time delay.
Online detection of part size based on laser contour scanner
Authors: Dingjie Hou , Shujun Li , Yingguang Sun , Yuan Li , Linxin Wang , Wei Zhao
Published: June 2021

In aerospace die manufacturing, the processing quality of the processed workpiece is an important guarantee for the quality of the final product. Traditional detection methods have high labor intensity and low efficiency. Visual detection can only detect width, not depth information. Based on this, this paper proposes a non-contact laser scanning point cloud processing quality online detection method, through the laser contour scanner to obtain the actual machining parts of the surface point cloud information, and then in the Geomagic Control environment of the actual manufacturing parts point cloud information and Solid Works theoretical design model comparison analysis. Thus, the manufacturing error of the actual manufacturing parts can be obtained, which provides a fast and accurate judgment method for the quality control of the product manufacturing.
The design of an improved intelligent guide stick for the blind
Authors: Yunan Ren , Junzhe Huang , Yixuan Wang , Haohan Zhu , Zhiyu Li , Jin He
Published: June 2021

There are about 17 million blind people in China, which means that one out of every 80 people is blind. However, due to the lack of facilities and policies to help the blind, many blind people can’t enter some normal places, which brings lots of inconveniences to the blind. In order to make blind people travel more conveniently and safely, this paper designs an improved intelligent guide stick to provide security guide for the blind’s daily travel and their precise location for their guardians. The location data and the images of surroundings were sent to the guardian’s smart phone to help them find the blind especially in a multistory building. In this paper, 10 blind people walked with the help of the improved guide stick in a 3-story building that was divided into 12 different areas. The guardians received text messages and real-time images sent by the guide stick to determine where the blinds were. Finally, 300 groups of data were obtained, among which 282 groups were got when the blind people were successfully located and found, with the successful finding rate of 94%. The experimental results show that with the help of the improved guide stick, the blind can be located more precisely and effectively.
Development of a Test Bench for Transmission Efficiency of Small Modulus Worm Helical Gears
Authors: Jie Feng , Dong Xin , Binkui Chen , Yonghong Chen
Published: June 2021

Worm helical gear transmission falls between lever transmission and inclined transmission in principle. There is large relative sliding speed between the conjugate tooth surfaces, and the transmission efficiency is low. To accurately grasp the changing law of worm helical gear transmission efficiency and propose an effective efficiency improvement method, this paper designed and built a transmission efficiency test bench for small modulus worm helical gear transmission pair.
A method of workpiece location based on improved generalized Hough transform
Authors: Yongfei Zhang , Tong Zhang
Published: June 2021

In order to solve the problem that the workpiece is not easy to identify in the complex environment in the industrial processing, sorting and other automatic production links, a workpiece positioning method based on Improved Generalized Hough transform, also known as eif-ght, is proposed. In order to solve the problem of large time consumption and high memory consumption of traditional generalized Hough transform in target detection, this paper uses the rotation invariant feature angle formed by any two edge points in the image as the R table index under the condition of image preprocessing to realize the representation of target shape, and uses particle swarm intelligent evolutionary algorithm to speed up the search The final target is determined by similarity measurement. The experimental results show that when the workpiece rotates and shifts, and in the complex environment with noise, local occlusion, nonlinear illumination and so on, it can achieve stable and efficient positioning.
Application of Numerical GPC for Temperature Control
Authors: Ding Sizhe
Published: June 2021

We design a controller based on generalized predictive control (GPC), which is mainly used to intelligently regulate the temperature in a constant temperature warehouse with uncertain parameters. We model it in a generalized control system and use the properties of GPC to make this controller adaptive to different parameters and resistant to random disturbances. Since the warehouse has high requirements for temperature control, we extend the GPC method appropriately numerically and use its numerical equivalent proposition to construct a fast solution algorithm, which is applied in specific simulation experiments. The simulation results prove that the controller we constructed is effective with high adaptability to different parameters and random disturbances and can resist destructive disturbances to a certain extent.
Identification of Biomass Powder Fuel Based on Image Processing and Feature Engineering
Authors: En Lan Jing
Published: June 2021

Biomass fuels have a wide application prospect in thermal power generation. Different fuels have different physical and chemical properties and are reflected in the complex combustion and pollution emission properties during application. It is necessary to determine the type of biomass fuel. This paper proposes an image-based method to identify the type of biomass fuel and some related work derived from it. A feature selection rule that can explain the physical meaning of the fuel was designed. Through an ensemble learning method named Stacking and an image partition recognition strategy, the recognition task is integrated from the perspective of algorithms and data. The 10-fold cross-check on the training set has an accuracy of more than 98%, and the effectiveness of the image partition recognition strategy was proved mathematically.
Optimization of Assembly Sequence Planning of Turbine Low-pressure Rotor Blades Based on the Improved Simulated Annealing Algorithm
Authors: Jun-kong Liu , Li-li LI
Published: June 2021

In view of the NP-hard characteristics of assembly sequence planning problem and the low efficiency of solving the relatively optimal assembly sequence, this paper adopts meta-heuristic algorithms to solve the rotor blades assembly sequence optimization problem, Taking solution accuracy, solution efficiency, and solution robustness as assessment criteria, the effectiveness of solving the rotor blades assembly sequence with several meta-heuristic algorithms is compared and analyzed, the comparison results show that the simulated annealing algorithm has the best solution accuracy, efficiency and robustness for the assembly sequence optimization problem of rotor blades. In order to solve some problems during the solving process of simulated annealing, one improvement is added into it, by adding the reheating process to the SA, the probability that the SA algorithm accepts inferior solutions is increased, and the ability of SA jumping out of the local optimal solution is increased, and the global search capability of the SA algorithm is further enhanced. Finally, the effectiveness of the improved simulated annealing algorithm is verified in this paper by the assembly of steam turbine rotor blades.
Parameter Optimization and Finite Element Simulation of the Inclined Microperforated Panel Absorber
Authors: Duan Haiqin , Shen Xinmin , Wang Enshuai , Zhang Xiaonan , Yin Qin
Published: June 2021

Microperforated panel absorber was widely used in the fields of noise reduction and sound absorption, because it had the extraordinary advantages. As deformation of the standard microperforated panel, inclined microperforated panel absorber was proposed and investigated in this research. The theoretical sound absorption model of the inclined microperforated panel absorber was constructed on the basement of the Maa’s theory according to the electro-acoustic theory. Structural parameters of the inclined microperforated panel absorber were optimized on the basement of the constructed theoretical sound absorption model through the cuckoo search algorithm. The finite element simulation model of the inclined microperforated panel absorber with optimal parameters was built in the virtual acoustic laboratory, which could be considered as an effective method to measure and check the sound absorption performance of the inclined microperforated panel absorber. Through the theoretical modeling, parameter optimization, and finite element simulation, sound absorption performance of the inclined microperforated panel absorber was improved, which could be propitious to promote its practical applications in the fields of noise reduction and sound absorption.
Research on customer demand acquisition method based on scrap steel reverse supply chain service platform
Authors: Yingqing Xiong , Yi Liu
Published: June 2021

In order to obtain the accurate service demand of scrap steel reverse supply chain for realizing the service resource composition and completion service process, the service demand is classified. Aiming at the difficulty of obtaining service demand information caused by customers’ individual differences, a demand acquisition method is proposed, and then a semantic expression model and ontology model of customer service demand are constructed. The correctness and feasibility of the service demand acquisition method of scrap steel reverse supply chain are verified by a case.
Research on MTPA Control Strategy of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Based on Fast SVPWM Algorithm
Authors: Ren Yuxi , Gong Yubing , Mo Chou , Ding Zhenwei , He Yuhua , Li Anhao
Published: June 2021

In recent years, the poor endurance of electric vehicles has been one of the main problems that have limited the development of new energy vehicles. Improving system efficiency and reducing system losses are currently one of the main methods to improve endurance. A fast SVPWM (Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation Technology) algorithm is used to improve the traditional SVPWM judgment, simplifying the complicated coordinate transformation and trigonometric function calculation of the traditional SVPWM technology judgment. Then it is applied to MTPA (Maximum Torque Per Ampere) control for Simulink model simulation to verify the effect. The experiment proves that the MTPA control under the improved SVPWM algorithm has higher response speed and stability than the traditional id = 0 control. The size of the stator current is about 1-2A smaller than id = 0 control, which achieves better MTPA control.
Space Robot Motion Planning Oriented to Autonomous Capture Path
Authors: Jiayuan Lu
Published: June 2021

Anthropomorphic robots are an important part of the field of robotics. Controlling the motion of anthropomorphic robots through human movements has important research significance not only for robot control research, but also for robots in national defense, rescue, monitoring, logistics, medical care, elderly care, nursing, and education. There are a wide range of application scenarios in such fields. With the increasing maturity of motion data capture equipment and anthropomorphic robot equipment and the diversity of application environments, traditional anthropomorphic robot control algorithms can no longer meet application requirements. This paper combines Microsoft’s Kinect and Aldebaran’s Nao robot to propose a set of kinematics equation algorithms that fund the capture path to realize the realtime imitation control of human motion by anthropomorphic robots.
Study on Switch to Control Running Water Flow for the Aged
Authors: Hao Ruican , Liu Huagang , Zhu Qingsong , Li Decai
Published: June 2021

With the growth of age, the memory, intelligence and thinking will decline for most people. To avoid the injury or life in danger resulted from forgetting to turn off the running water switch, a special switch to measure and control the running water flow for aged was proposed. Two kinds of sensors including flow sensors and distance sensors were applied in the device to guarantee that the switch should be turned off before water in the container comes out. The configuration of the device was designed to use conveniently for aged. The required flow was firstly input on the board set on the water supply line, then the switch could be turned on and the flow sensor works to measure the water flow required. Once the flow value is up to the set value on the board, the switch could be turned off by the controller in the circuit. To guarantee the safety on the sensors in the process of the measuring, another two distance sensor were chosen and set on the running water port to complete the measuring work of the water level in the container to avoid the water coming out from the container secondly.
Systematic Research on Auto Assembly and Disassembly of Small Engine in Aircraft
Authors: Wenqiang LI , Xiangkun Sun , Chaoshi LI , He LI
Published: June 2021

The engine is one of the key core components in aircraft, in order to enhance automation and efficiency in the process of installation and disassembly for current small engine, using automatic control technology, a set of automatic disassembly and assembly system for aircraft engines is developed to replace the traditional mechanical installation vehicle. Corresponding for small engine to study the automatic disassembly system, the system uses laser sensors to locate the engine disassembly and assembly. Servo motors are used to drive the walking mechanism, lifting mechanism, and fine-tuning mechanism to realize multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment during engine disassembly and assembly. And the digital video is used to monitor the gap collision. Finally, the paper realizes the automatic high-precision disassembly and assembly of small engines. Through verification, the efficiency of the disassembly and assembly system has increased by more than 70%, the work efficiency has been greatly improved.
Time Response-Based Synchronous Calibration of the Pavement Asphalt Softening Point Tester
Authors: Zhou Yishu , Zhang Jin ning , Cao Jinjin
Published: June 2021

The asphalt softening point reflects the temperature sensitivity and high-temperature stability of asphalt pavement and is an important quality assessment indicator of asphalt pavement. The detection method of asphalt softening point commonly used in China is the asphalt softening point ring and ball tester. In JJG 057-2004 Vertification Regulation of Apparatus for Softening Point of Bitumen, the partial calibration method of the tester was proposed. The partial calibration method cannot realize the synchronous calibration of softening point and various definitions of the softening point are significantly different. Therefore, in order to achieve synchronous calibration of the asphalt softening point tester, a standard verification device was established in this study to simulate asphalt dropping and record response time and temperature simultaneously. The circuit composition, working principle, main technical indicators and influencing factors of key devices were explored and the uncertainty of response results obtained in warming water was evaluated. The evaluation results showed that it was feasible to realize the synchronous calibration of asphalt softening point tester with the verification device.
Wear behaviors of polyurethane rubber used in pipeline inspection gauge
Authors: Liu Chang , Cao Yuguang , Tian Hongjun
Published: June 2021

This study is concerned with the wear behaviors of the polyurethane rubber (UR) used in the pigging industry under the condition of interference fit. The pin-on-disc tribological tests were conducted to obtain the wear rate of the UR, and the wear mechanisms were identified by observing the worn surface via an optical microscope. Additionally, the relationship between the wear rate and the contact pressure was presented with the method of quadratic fitting.
Development of a neutron camera system to visualize the dose distribution by secondary neutrons for safer proton therapy
Authors: Tanaka R. , Kataoka J. , Nishi F. , Yokokawa H. , Inaniwa T.
Published: June 2021

Proton therapy has recently garnered significant attention
as an effective treatment for cancer that can effectively damage
tumor tissues while reducing doses to healthy tissues and
organs. However, secondary neutrons generated by interactions with
protons and brass collimators or the patient's body may cause harm
to the human body. Nevertheless, the risks are yet to be precisely
assessed or reflected in actual treatment plans. In this study, we
develop a novel neutron camera that enables the visualization of
spatial dose distribution by secondary neutrons. First, a neutron
camera comprising two layers of units is constructed; each of the
layer is composed of a plastic scintillator coupled with a
photomultiplier tube. As a preliminary experiment, it is confirmed
that the developed camera can visualize fission neutrons from a
252Cf source. Subsequently, secondary neutrons are
observed from a brass (imitating the brass collimator) and water
(imitating the patient's body) phantom irradiated with a 70 MeV
proton beam, in which the neutron camera is placed at 0∘,
15∘ (only in the case of brass) and 30∘ from each
phantom 30 cm ahead. Following neutron/gamma event selections using
two methods, i.e., time of flight and pulse shape discrimination,
each of the reconstructed images successfully converged at the
correct positions, with average angular resolutions of 21∘
(brass, full width at half maximum (FWHM)) and 19∘ (water,
FWHM). Furthermore, dosimetry using the G(E) function method is
applied to the images, enabling a dose distribution image to be
created using secondary neutrons. As a result, the evaluated dose
rate is 307 μSv/min for brass and 88.1 μSv/min for
water, which are 86 % and 64 % those of the simulated dose
rates, respectively. Eventually, future tasks for the utilization of
the camera in actual proton therapy are discussed.
A novel high dynamic-range SiPM for scintillator-based hadronic calorimetry
Authors: Jiang J. , Yu B. , Liu J. , Zhao S. , Hu T. , Niu Y. , Liu Y. , Shi Y. , Wang Y. , Zhang Y. , Wang Z.
Published: June 2021

The Analog Hadronic Calorimeter (AHCAL) is one option of highly granular calorimeters optimised with the Particle Flow Algorithm (PFA) and considered for experiments at future lepton colliders. It consists of dense steel plates as absorber interleaved with plastic scintillator tiles, individually read out by Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs). A novel SiPM developed by the Novel Device Laboratory (NDL) with an active area of 1 mm2 and a pixel pitch of 12.5 micron[NDL-SiPM-12.5] has been mainly investigated. The characterisation studies include single photon calibration, dynamic range and performance of crosstalk as well as Minimum Ionising Particle (MIP) detection efficiency of a detector unit. Combined tests with a dedicated ASIC (SPIROC2E) for multi-channel SiPMs show that single photon spectra can be obtained, given the relatively small SiPM gain (∼2 × 105). The linearity of the SiPMs in response to incident photons of less than 10,000 (500 MIPs) is within 5% from measurements. Meanwhile, the dark count rate (DCR) is around 2×10-3 Hz at a threshold 0.5 MIP (10 p.e.) and the MIP detection efficiency of a detector unit can be near 95% from the MIP spectrum. These studies indicate the NDL-SiPM-12.5 can be a photosensor candidate for the future scintillator-based hadronic calorimeters.
Pollution inequality 50 years after the Clean Air Act: the need for hyperlocal data and action
Authors: Zhang Yang , Smith Steve J , Bell Michelle , Mueller Amy , Eckelman Matthew , Wylie Sara , Sweet Elizabeth L , Chen Ping , Niemeier Deb A
Published: June 2021

Effective solutions require integration of improved data, technology innovations, community engagement, and environmental justice.
The square lattice Ising model on the rectangle III: Hankel and Toeplitz determinants
Authors: Hucht Alfred
Published: June 2021

Based on the results obtained in (Hucht 2017 J. Phys. A: Math. Theor.
50 065201), we show that the partition function of the anisotropic square lattice Ising model on the L × M rectangle, with open boundary conditions in both directions, is given by the determinant of an M/2 × M/2 Hankel matrix, that equivalently can be written as the Pfaffian of a skew-symmetric M × M Toeplitz matrix. The M − 1 independent matrix elements of both matrices are Fourier coefficients of a certain symbol function, which is given by the ratio of two characteristic polynomials. These polynomials are associated to the different directions of the system, encode the respective boundary conditions, and are directly related through the symmetry of the considered Ising model under exchange of the two directions. The results can be generalized to other boundary conditions and are well suited for the analysis of finite-size scaling functions in the critical scaling limit using Szegő’s theorem.
Features of melting high-chromium flux-cored wire in pulsed arc welding
Authors: Davydov Yuri , Korobov Yuri , Davydov Alexander
Published: June 2021

The results of studies of the process of pulse-arc surfacing with flux-cored wire are presented. It is shown that with pulsed arc control, it is possible to increase the main parameters of the process to the values characteristic of a solid wire. The difference between the melting character of flux-cored and solid wire is shown.
Simulation of heat transfer in a flow of over-critical nitrogen and oxygen in a horizontal circular tube
Authors: Borodkin S V , Bataronov I L , Ivanov A V , Ryazhskikh V I
Published: June 2021

In the framework of the k-s turbulence model with enhanced wall treatment, heat transfer in a flow of over-critical nitrogen and oxygen in a horizontal circular tube with heat boundary conditions of the third kind in the pressure range of 20H40 MPa, mass flow rates of 0.03÷0.12 kg/s, and heat transfer coefficients to the environment of 500÷2000 W/(m2K) is simulated. The distributions of the bulk temperature, calculated as the thermodynamic temperature of the average mass enthalpy of the supercritical fluid flow, are obtained. Analysis of the heat transfer coefficient of the flow showed that at pressures less than three times the critical one, a reduced heat transfer mode appears, so the near-critical region is not recommended for use in oxygen and nitrogen gasifiers. In the framework of the multiplicative model for the Nusselt number, insignificant simplices of thermophysical properties are established and correlations for oxygen and nitrogen in the over-critical region are constructed, which agree with the result of the computational experiment with an average relative accuracy of 1^1.5%. On the basis of the one-dimensional heat transfer equation, the adequacy of the obtained correlations is shown. It is established that when using the bulk temperature based on the mass average enthalpy, a separate account of the initial heat transfer section is not required.
Calculation of the optimal power indicators for the engine of a small spacecraft
Authors: Podolskiy A , Volynets V , Knyazhev F , Begendzhov E , Guk A
Published: June 2021

The use of small space satellites is perspectively for the development of sciences, development of new technologies, conducting small engineering tests, and tracking global earth processes. In this article the main dependencies between various parameters of a small space satellite, which operates on outboard air, have been determined. It make possible to carry out its most optimal design. An assessment of the possibility of extrapolation in the calculations of a small number of thermalized particles to volumes close to the real number is carried out. The influence of changing the parameters of the air intake of the installation on the power of its engine and the friction force acting on the installation has been investigated. As a conclusion restrictions on engine parameters are given. They were reduced to a dependence on the diameter of the air intake.
The layout method is an effective method for creating a product design
Authors: Bazrov B M , Rodionova N A
Published: June 2021

The advantages of creating a product design by the layout method are shown. An example of using the layout method when creating modular machines is given. It is noted that the effectiveness of using the layout method largely depends on the quality of the element base; the characteristics of the element base are given. A methodological approach to the construction of element bases is proposed, including the division of the element base into two parts: the base of the main elements and the base of the auxiliary elements.
Traction mobile device for rotary tillage
Authors: Litvinova M M , Fedorchenko I S , Sukhenko N V
Published: June 2021

The organization of the territory of a forest nursery is the division of its territory into parts that have different economic purposes in order to make the most efficient use of the nursery area and ensure maximum mechanization of work. The establishment of a new nursery begins with the establishment of its outer boundaries. The most optimal shape of the nursery area is square or rectangular. The area of the nursery is divided by a network of main and secondary roads into branches, fields and quarters. The width of the main roads - main roads, circumferential and located perpendicular to the length of the side of the fields - should be 6-8 m, and the secondary ones, located along the long side of the fields, should be 3-6 m. The branch of the nursery is located taking into account the soil, relief and hydrological conditions. Plots with the best structure and granulometric composition of fertile soils, flat relief, protected from adverse effects of winds are allotted for the sowing department. The auxiliary area of the nursery is 25% of the useful area for large nurseries, 30 - for medium nurseries, 40% - for small nurseries.
Derivation of crack propagation velocity formula for investigation dynamic problems
Authors: Magomedov I A , Dzhabrailov Z A , Abubakarov M V
Published: June 2021

The following thesis will illustrate derivations of crack propagation’s formula for investigating brittle and elastic bodies. This work will look at the static and dynamic cases for crack initiation and propagation. Some approaches will be outlined in this work, which are the technics widely used in the field of mechanics for investigating the crack propagation and initiation related problems. At the end of the work crack propagation velocity formula will be derived.
Methods and models of traffic analysis
Authors: Shamlitskiy J I , Rogova D V , Polyakova A S , Popov A A , Lipinskiy L V
Published: June 2021

This article analyzes the traffic situation, and also discusses the methods of collecting data and how they are applied on the road. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of the methods studied in the work are given. There is a separate talk about the Floating Car Data (FCD) method, what is the essence of the method, its advantages and disadvantages. In turn, the paper presents a difference in the approaches to using data collection methods, namely the Floating Car Data method on the use of the Global Positioning System in cars and the method based on telephone devices with a Global Positioning System signal. The average annual daily traffic is considered as one of the most important traffic data. Describes a way to implement the Floating Car Data method, the advantage in using and improving this method and the prospects of the method in the future.
Simulation modelling of the filling oil products process in the arctic zone using neural network forecasting
Authors: Grebnev Ya V , Moskalev A K
Published: June 2021

The intensification of the extraction of natural resources in the Arctic leads to an increase in the anthropogenic load on the environment. Due to wear and tear of equipment, corrosion of metals, mechanical damage, due to lack of proper maintenance and prolongation of the operating time in difficult climatic conditions, the operation of equipment used at enterprises leads to an increase in the risk of accidents. On the territory of the Russian Arctic, there are a number of large potentially dangerous objects, which have over 60 tanks for storing petroleum products. In 2020, there were technological accidents related to the bottling of petroleum products, which actualized the problem of taking prompt measures to prevent such emergencies. The methods for assessing the area of bottling of petroleum products currently used, especially in the Arctic zone, have a number of limitations. In the work with the use of the software product Toxy + risk, the risk of an emergency at one of the enterprises of the Russian Arctic was calculated. Neural network prediction of the area of pollution of the surface of the Kheta River was carried out using the NeuroPro neural network simulator. Comparison of the simulation results with the data obtained earlier in the analysis of the accident in the tank farm located beyond the Arctic Circle in the city of Norilsk.
Recognition of handwritten MNIST digits on low-memory 2 Kb RAM Arduino board using LogNNet reservoir neural network
Authors: Izotov Y A , Velichko A A , Ivshin A A , Novitskiy R E
Published: June 2021

The presented compact algorithm for recognizing handwritten digits of the MNIST database, created on the LogNNet reservoir neural network, reaches the recognition accuracy of 82%. The algorithm was tested on a low-memory Arduino board with 2 Kb static RAM low-power microcontroller. The dependences of the accuracy and time of image recognition on the number of neurons in the reservoir have been investigated. The memory allocation demonstrates that the algorithm stores all the necessary information in RAM without using additional data storage, and operates with original images without preliminary processing. The simple structure of the algorithm, with appropriate training, can be adapted for wide practical application, for example, for creating mobile biosensors for early diagnosis of adverse events in medicine. The study results are important for the implementation of artificial intelligence on peripheral constrained IoT devices and for edge computing.
Concealment of sensor network node interaction
Authors: Kushko E A , Parotkin N Y
Published: June 2021

The aim of this study is to increase the security of sensor network hosts by means of node interaction concealment. This paper outlines existing methods and approaches to information security of sensor network and internet of things systems. The authors developed a new secure data communication method based on dynamic network topology. This method allows to conceal sensor network data communication from an intruder breached an outer security perimeter. The new method secures data transfer and differs from the existing switching approaches that conceal sensor network hosts.
Designing an on-board computer for an armored personnel carrier
Authors: Kostarev S N , Goryachev S N , Miromanov D V , Sereda T G , Kochetova O V
Published: June 2021

Timely and accurate solution of the tasks facing the Russian Guard is impossible without a good state of military equipment. The Kupol monitoring system used by the Russian Guard is intended only for monitoring the location of mobile objects using GLONASS / GPS satellite navigation systems, for transmitting navigation information over mobile radio communication networks. Currently, the condition of the armored personnel carrier (BTR-80) is monitored periodically, in accordance with the maintenance regulations. However, the condition of an individual vehicle may differ from the average armored personnel carrier, and therefore it became necessary to re-equip the BTR-80 with an on-board computer that accurately diagnoses the wear (serviceability) of equipment and the combat capability of the vehicle’s units. There is a functional connection between the structural parameters and the parameters of the output processes, due to which, according to the parameters of the latter, it is possible to adequately assess the technical state of military equipment (unit), as well as the quality of its work. The nominal parameters of the structural parameters correspond to the nominal parameters of the parameters of the output processes. As the technical state of military equipment (unit) shifts to the worse, the parameters of the output processes can increase (fuel consumption, vibration) or decrease (oil pressure in the engine). The designed monitoring systems of the BTR-80 are grouped by the type of tasks performed or the drive mechanism: engine and transmission, radio communication, electrical equipment, pneumatic systems, hydraulics, and others. The design of the on-board computer is performed on a programmable logic device using the international standard IEC61131-3. The simulation of the relay-contact circuit showed positive results.
Analysis of causes of failures of process equipment of oil refining and petrochemistry
Authors: Vakulenko M V , Zharinova N V , Zabaturin A M
Published: June 2021

The development of modern industry is associated with an increase in the total scale of production and processing of fire and explosion hazardous and toxic materials, a significant increase in the single capacity of plants and apparatus, and a complication of technologies and regimes for managing the production process. As a result, there is a steady trend in industry to increase the number of accidents with increasingly severe social, environmental and economic consequences. Despite significant efforts in the development of technical safety systems, accident rates (number of accidents or injuries per unit of production) in our country have increased significantly in recent years. The most dangerous situation has developed in the oil refineries of Bashkiria, Samara, Irkutsk and Perm regions where the depreciation depreciation of some technological equipment is 70%. Thus, safety is one of the main characteristics of industrial facilities.
Selecting laser fluorosensor detection band to monitor oil pipeline leaks
Authors: Fedotov Yu V , Belov M L , Kravtsov D A , Titarenko K S , Gorodnichev V A
Published: June 2021

Detection bands of the laser fluorosensor to detect oil pipeline leaks have been studied at the fluorescence excitation wavelength 355 nm. It is shown that a diversity of the fluorescence spectra of different oils and plant species leads to the need to adapt the number and position of spectral detection bands of the laser fluorosensor for the specific types of the pipeline oil and vegetation along the pipe way. With no interfering factors (that emerge false alarms) to monitor along the pipe way, only one spectral channel (at maximum position of the oil fluorescence spectrum) can be used. However, there can be a need to use both the two spectral channels (the channel 1 at maximum position of the oil fluorescence spectrum, and the channel 2 at maximum position of the vegetation fluorescence spectrum within ∼ 680…690 nm or ∼ 730…740 nm) and the tree spectral channels (the channel 1 at maximum position of the oil fluorescence spectrum, the channel 2 at maximum position of the vegetation fluorescence spectrum within ∼680…690 nm or ∼ 730…740 nm, and the channel 3 in the spectral band of 625-650 nm).
Innovative technologies in the production of curd
Authors: Alekseeva Y A , Ts Garmaev D , Khoroshailo T A , Serdyuchenko I V
Published: June 2021

At the moment, the Russian Federation has mastered various methods of making dairy products. Cottage cheese is considered one of the most beloved goods of the population. This is explained not only by its taste, but also by its nutritional and bioavailability. Future progress in the production of cottage cheese must be achieved both through the introduction of comprehensive mechanization and automation of production processes, and through the use of investments for the technical reequipment of equipment and the installation of new lines. During the reconstruction and modernization of production facilities, mainly automated lines of manufacturing plants from Germany, Denmark, Poland, Bulgaria are installed. At some factories, work continues on the lines for the production of acid curd Ya9-OPT (Russia). In this regard, it is important to improve the existing and create new equipment for the production of curd and curd products. Along with the development of new methods for the production of curd and curd products, in order to increase their competitiveness, it is quite reasonable to use technologies with a closed method of conducting the process, i.e. it is necessary to exclude the influence of the human factor on a complex technological process. For the successful sale of products, it is necessary to expand the range of cottage cheese products, improve their quality and price competitiveness, develop production with a high proportion of prepackaged and packaged products with a design that meets consumer demand. It is necessary to increase the degree of factory readiness of products for direct consumption.
A roller for soil cultivation and its optimal operating parameters in vibration mode
Authors: Maslov Gennady , Tsybulevsky Valery , Tazmeev Bulat , Rudnev Sergey
Published: June 2021

The optimal parameters and operating modes of vibratory roller for soil compaction after sowing winter wheat were substantiated. For objective function - the optimum coefficient of variation of density of soil during operation of vibratory roller for compacting winter wheat regression equation was obtained in the planning according to the BK plan of the experiment. The adequacy of model according to Fisher criterion, the significance and reliability of coefficients of regression equation was established. The response surface obtained by the shape of hyperboloid rotation was studied, two-dimensional sections of three factors were constructed on optimization criterion. With its minimum value, the optimal parameters of vibratory roller were established: the mass of roller is 293 kg, the spring stiffness is 11.95 kN/m, the working speed of roller is 9.6 km/h. The minimum value of optimization criterion is 10.43%.
A planetary mill modelling in chaotic mode
Authors: Kalnitsky V S , Rusakov O V , Sergeenkov V E
Published: June 2021

Consider a random walk in a regular m-polygon inscribed in the unit circle. The movement of the point to a randomly selected vertex determines the new position of the point. The point passes a prescribed distance and stops. For such a process, there is a limit distribution of the probabilities of the position of the point. This algorithm was used for modelling different processes. Now we apply it for high-energy ball milling. The impact frequency spatial distribution calculated with the stochastic model simulation has coincided with the distribution predicted by the distinct element method. The real granulometric analysis also can be explained by the model.
Designing a mobile medical expert system using the Yandex.Alice voice assistant
Authors: Markushin E M , Ognegin K E , Polskaya P S , Shinkaruk A , Yakimov S P
Published: June 2021

Solving the problem of making a primary diagnosis in the absence or shortage of qualified doctors. The main task is to reduce the risk of incorrect assessment of the health status of people who do not have the opportunity to receive prompt qualified medical advice and assistance. We offer a project solution – Alice’s skill (voice assistant from Yandex) “Pocket Doctor” with a voice interface, which is a diagnostic expert system containing rules for logical inference based on symptoms, the assessment of which does not require special laboratory tests and can be performed by people who do not have a medical education. Based on the collected information from the user, the primary diagnosis and recommendations for emergency medical care are determined.
Adaptive microwave heating control for oily waste processing
Authors: Kadyrov R R
Published: June 2021

Processing of petrochemical industry wastes involves the development of specific technologies and devices that require a significant investment of resources and time. To solve these problems, it is possible to develop universal technological, constructive, and managerial solutions capable of ensuring the adaptation of equipment to different raw materials, mode of operation, and yield of target products. The proposed reactor with a microwave effect on the catalyst and oil-containing raw materials with adaptive power control of the magnetron. Adaptive management is necessary because of the instability of the physicochemical characteristics of the raw materials. Adaptive control system takes into account the real state of the system and provides the necessary control. The advantage of the proposed method is that the entire algorithm is implemented in software, that is, for the introduction of this method of adaptive control does not require a change in the design of technological equipment. The implementation of this method comes down to the development of a special adaptive control driver. This approach greatly simplifies the adjustment of adaptive control systems for the considered processes of catalytic cracking, hydrocracking, visbreaking, coking.
Recent advances in active sites identification and new M−N−C catalysts development towards ORR
Authors: Xu Mingjun , Ge Junjie , Liu Changpeng , Xing Wei
Published: June 2021

The M–N–C catalysts are considered potential alternative to Pt-based catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) due to its low cost and promising electrocatalytic performance. However, the catalysts are yet to become truly applicable in terms of activity and stability, and addressing such issues necessitate for indepth understanding in the structure performance relationship, which is remain elusive to date. Herein, we summarize our research progress achieved on M–N–C catalysts in recent years. Firstly, we successfully synthesized atomically dispersed Fe–N–C catalysts and conducted a detailed in-situ spectroscopy study, where the high spin D2 states of FeN4 is found to be an active species. Subsequently, in order to address the catalyst utilization and the overall activity of the catalysts, we carried out studies in increasing the active site density through regulating the microstructure of the catalysts. Finally and most importantly, in order to address the intrinsic activity of the catalysts, we carried work in developing new active centers of the M–N–C catalysts, where the new single or dual center catalysts were developed. Some of these centers are able to increase the stability of the catalysts, where the Fenton reaction is largely alleviated, resulting in both enhanced catalytic activity and stability. We hope that as the research continues, commercially available high performance and high stability M–N–C catalysts may eventually be realized.
Room temperature ammonia vapour detection on hBN flakes
Authors: Matsoso Boitumelo J , Garcia-Martinez Clara , Mongwe Thomas H , Toury Bérangère , Serbena José P M , Journet Catherine
Published: June 2021

The chemical vapour sensing behaviour of pristine and variously modified hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) nanostructures was investigated towards the polar protic analyte in the form of ammonia. Morphological characterization with TEM revealed formation of well-define shaped and crystal sized hBN flakes (2.9 ± 0. 7 µm to 3.3 ± 0.3 µm) by using a low temperature and atmospheric pressure modified polymer derived ceramics (PDCs) route. Room temperature chemical sensing studies showed that the hBN-based devices were sensitive to ammonia, at sensitivity values of 2.8 × 10−2 ppm−1 for the pristine hBN flakes, and 2.0 × 10−2 ppm−1, 2.4 × 10−2 ppm−1, 2.1 × 10−2 ppm−1 for the 2.5, 5 and 10 wt.% BaF2 modified hBN flakes, respectively. On the contrary, improvement in structure for the 5 wt.% BaF2 modified hBN flakes had detrimental influence on the detection performance of ammonia, as evidenced by the poor LoD value of 49.7 ppm, in comparison to 1.1, 2.4 and 1.7 ppm for the pristine, 2.5, and 10 wt.% BaF2 modified hBN flakes, respectively. The improved sensing performance was attributed to the presence of nitrogen vacancies generated during the modification process, as well as the presence of impurities. Indeed, the values measured were higher than those reported for other 2D nanomaterial based sensors. This study demonstrates the critical role played by structural properties on the surface chemistry in the ammonia sensing properties of hBN flakes. Generally, the study highlighted the potential application of hBN nanostructured materials for detection of ammonia vapours at room temperature.