bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Search for doubly-charged Higgs bosons through the diboson decay channel at the ILC
Authors: Cao Jun , Liu Yao-Bei
Published: September 2016

The doubly-charged Higgs bosons [Formula: see text] are the typical particles predicted in the Georgi–Machacek (GM) model and their decay modes depend on the magnitude of the triplet vacuum expectation value (VEV) [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we focus on the study of their pair production process at the International Linear Collider (ILC): [Formula: see text], with the subsequent decay of two like-sign [Formula: see text] bosons through a pair of like-sign dileptons and the remaining two in their hadronic decays. The 5[Formula: see text] confidence level discovery reach at the ILC is also studied with two collision energies of 1.0 TeV and 1.5 TeV.
Thermal annealing induced multiple phase in V/V2O5 alternating multilayer structure
Authors: Ilahi B. , Abdel-Rahman M. , Zaaboub Z. , Zia M. F. , Alduraibi M. , Maaref H.
Published: September 2016

In this paper, we report on microstructural, optical and electrical properties of alternating multilayer of vanadium pentoxide (V2O5), 25 nm, and vanadium (V), 5 nm, thin films deposited at room temperature by radio frequency (RF) and DC magnetron sputtering, respectively. Raman and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy have been employed to investigate the effects of thermal annealing for 20, 30 and 40 min at 400[Formula: see text]C in Nitrogen (N2) atmosphere on the multiple phase formation and its impact on the film resistance and temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR). We demonstrate that the oxygen free annealing environment allows the formation of multiple phases including V2O5, V6O[Formula: see text] and VO2 through oxygen diffusion and consequent deficiency in V2O5 layer.
Enhanced photocatalytic activity and persistent luminescence in Zn2GeO4:Mn2+ by Eu3+ doping
Authors: Li Hong , Wang Yinhai , Li Lei , Huang Haiju , Zhao Hui , Hu Zhengfa
Published: September 2016

Zn2GeO4:Mn[Formula: see text],[Formula: see text]Eu[Formula: see text] and Zn2GeO4:Mn[Formula: see text] powders were synthesized by a high-temperature solid-state reaction. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the structures and morphologies of the synthesized powders, respectively. The photocatalytic properties and long persistent luminescence performance were improved by Eu[Formula: see text] doping. Thermoluminescent (TL) curves showed that the trap concentration in the material was increased with Eu[Formula: see text] doping, which formed trap centers in Zn2GeO4:Mn[Formula: see text]. The trap centers can capture the electrons or holes and subsequently increase the separation of photogenerated electrons and holes by suppressing the recombination of captured electrons and holes; thus, resulting in an improved photocatalytic activity and a prolonged persistent luminescence. The present strategy may be used as a general method to improve the photocatalytic activity and persistent luminescence.
A generic statistical model of hydride formation in a random alloy
Authors: Zhdanov Vladimir P.
Published: September 2016

Hydride formation in metals (e.g. in Pd), accompanied by a hysteresis loop in the absorption isotherms, is one of the generic examples of first-order phase transitions (FOPTs). During the last decade, the corresponding experimental studies, driven by applications related to hydrogen storage, have shifted towards metal particles sized from a few nanometers to micrometers in general and to alloyed particles of these sizes in particular. The understanding of hydride formation in alloys is, however, still far from complete. Herein, a statistical model of hydride formation in a random alloy is presented. The model is focused on the situation when this process is favorable in metal 1 (e.g. Pd) and shows what may happen when atoms of metal 2 make it less favorable due to decrease of the hydrogen binding energy and/or attractive hydrogen–hydrogen (H–H) interaction. Random distribution of metal atoms is taken explicitly into account. The attractive H–H interaction, including its dependence on fraction of metal 2 in the alloy, is described at the mean-field level. With increasing fraction of the latter metal, the critical temperature is found to decrease linearly or nonlinearly depending on the values of the model parameters. If the decrease of the hydrogen binding energy with increasing number of nearest-neighbor (nn) atoms of metal 2 is appreciable, the model predicts up to three hysteresis loops.
Laser frequency down-conversion by means of a monochromatically driven two-level system
Authors: Soldatov Andrey V.
Published: September 2016

Conditions are found under which a simple two-level quantum system possessing dipole moment operator with permanent non-equal diagonal matrix elements and driven by external semiclassical monochromatic high-frequency EM (laser) field can radiate continuously at much lower frequency. Possible ways to experimental observation and practical implementation of the predicted effect for a wide range of applications are discussed.
Theoretical study for heterojunction surface of NEA GaN photocathode dispensed with Cs activation
Authors: Xia Sihao , Liu Lei , Wang Honggang , Wang Meishan , Kong Yike
Published: September 2016

For the disadvantages of conventional negative electron affinity (NEA) GaN photocathodes activated by Cs or Cs/O, new-type NEA GaN photocathodes with heterojunction surface dispensed with Cs activation are investigated based on first-principle study with density functional theory. Through the growth of an ultrathin [Formula: see text]-type GaN cap layer on [Formula: see text]-type GaN emission layer, a [Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text] heterojunction is formed on the surface. According to the calculation results, it is found that Si atoms tend to replace Ga atoms to result in an [Formula: see text]-type doped cap layer which contributes to the decreasing of work function. After the growth of [Formula: see text]-type GaN cap layer, the atom structure near the [Formula: see text]-type emission layer is changed while that away from the surface has no obvious variations. By analyzing the E-Mulliken charge distribution of emission surface with and without cap layer, it is found that the positive charge of Ga and Mg atoms in the emission layer decrease caused by the cap layer, while the negative charge of N atom increases. The conduction band moves downwards after the growth of cap layer. Si atom produces donor levels around the valence band maximum. The absorption coefficient of GaN emission layer decreases and the reflectivity increases caused by [Formula: see text]-type GaN cap layer.
What prevents gravitational collapse in string theory?
Authors: Mathur Samir D.
Published: September 2016

It is conventionally believed that if a ball of matter of mass [Formula: see text] has a radius close to [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]GM then it must collapse to a black hole. But string theory microstates (fuzzballs) have no horizon or singularity, and they do not collapse. We consider two simple examples from classical gravity to illustrate how this violation of our intuition happens. In each case, the ‘matter’ arises from an extra compact dimension, but the topology of this extra dimension is not trivial. The pressure and density of this matter diverge at various points, but this is only an artifact of dimensional reduction; thus, we bypass results like Buchadahl’s theorem. Such microstates give the entropy of black holes, so these topologically nontrivial constructions dominate the state space of quantum gravity.
The quadratic covariation for a weighted fractional Brownian motion
Authors: Sun Xichao , Yan Litan , Zhang Qinghua
Published: September 2016

Let [Formula: see text] be a weighted fractional Brownian motion with indices [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] satisfying [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text]. In this paper, motivated by the asymptotic property [Formula: see text] for all [Formula: see text], we consider the generalized quadratic covariation [Formula: see text] defined by [Formula: see text] provided the limit exists uniformly in probability. We construct a Banach space [Formula: see text] of measurable functions such that the generalized quadratic covariation exists in [Formula: see text] and the generalized Bouleau–Yor identity [Formula: see text] holds for all [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is the weighted local time of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] is the Beta function.
Study of low weight percentage filler on dielectric properties of MCWNT-epoxy nanocomposites
Authors: Trihotri Manindra , Dwivedi U. K. , Malik M. M. , Khan Fozia Haque , Qureshi M. S.
Published: September 2016

An attempt is made to study the effect of low weight percentage multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) powder on dielectric properties of MWCNT reinforced epoxy composites. For that MWCNT (of different low weight percentage) reinforced epoxy composite was prepared by dispersing the MWCNT in resin. Samples were prepared by solution casting process and characterized for their dielectric properties such as dielectric constant ([Formula: see text]), dielectric dissipation factor (tan [Formula: see text]) and AC conductivity ([Formula: see text]). The main objective is the investigation of the dielectric properties of the prepared samples at the low weight percentage of the filler at different temperatures and frequencies. From the two mechanisms of electrical conduction, first the leakage current obtained by the formation of a percolation network in the matrix and the other by tunneling of electrons formed among conductors nearby (tunneling current); here we are getting conduction by the second mechanism. Generally, leakage current makes more contribution to conductivity than tunneling current. Dielectric dissipation factor at 250[Formula: see text]Hz frequency is greater than all other frequencies and starts increasing from 60[Formula: see text]C. The peak height of the transition temperature decreases with increasing frequency. This study shows that the addition of a low weight percentage of MWCNT can modify considerably the electrical behavior of epoxy nanocomposites without chemical functionalization of filler.
The Effect of Particle Size and Mineral Liberation on the Acid Generating Potential of Sulphidic Waste Rock
Authors: Opitz J. , Edraki M. , Baumgartl T.
Published: September 2016

Acid Rock Drainage (ARD) prediction is complicated by the number and complexity of influencing parameters. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of particle size and mineral liberation on the production of ARD. This information was used to classify waste rocks from an Australian mine site for their potential use as cover material. Samples were crushed and sieved into different particle size fractions, and were subjected to varying static and kinetic tests including paste-pH, Acid-Neutralization-Capacity tests, kinetic Net Acid Generation tests and Humidity Cell tests. The results showed a strong influence of particle size, which can be attributed to the widely different mineral liberation characteristics of acid generating and neutralizing minerals. Whereas standard Acid Base Accounting (ABA) resulted in an uncertain or Non Acid Forming classification of open-pit waste rocks, the application of modified ABA test procedures using different particle size fractions resulted in an uncertain or Potentially Acid Forming classification of the very same material. The study demonstrated that the standard ABA procedure may lead to erroneous classification with potentially costly environmental consequences by overlooking particle size specific mineral liberation effects. Testing different particle size classes proved to be a practicable method to investigate the ARD characteristics of waste rocks and to gain a clearer insight into the consequences of mineral liberation.
Application of classical statistics and multifractals to delineate Au mineralization-related geochemical anomalies from stream sediment data: a case study in Xinghai-Zeku, Qinghai, China
Authors: Chen Xin , Zheng Youye , Xu Rongke , Wang Huimin , Jiang Xiaojia , Yan Hongze , Cai Pengjie , Guo Xianzheng
Published: September 2016

The Xinghai-Zeku area of western China is one of the most important Au polymetallic metallogenic belts in Qinghai Province, China. To guide the mineral exploration in this area, log and isometric log-ratio (ilr) transformations of stream sediment data are evaluated using principal component analysis (PCA) combined with geological data to study the relationship among different elements. In addition, Mean + 2 standard deviations (Mean + 2STD), Median + 2 median absolute deviations (Median + 2MAD), and concentration-area (C-A) models are applied to identify pathfinder threshold values and geochemical patterns are decomposed using a spectrum-area (S-A) model. The results show that: (1) PCA for the ilr-transformed data can accurately describe three different geochemical assemblages, Au-As-Sb, that represent Au-As-Sb mineralization in fracture zones; (2) anomalies of Au + As + Sb are more suitable for targeting Au-As deposits than those of the single element Au; (3) the C-A model is useful for indentifying geochemical anomalies associated with mineralization because results obtained by the C–A fractal model and the geological characteristics are well correlated; (4) background and anomaly maps for Au + As + Sb from the S-A model in conjunction with the Mean + 2STD successfully identify weaker anomalies by reducing anomalous areas; and (5) using Au + As + Sb anomalies identified by C-A in conjunction with the S-A model and Mean + 2STD method are effective in exploration for Au deposits in the area.
Occurrence and development of folding related to normal faulting within a mechanically heterogeneous sedimentary sequence: a case study from Inner Moray Firth, UK
Authors: Lăpădat A. , Imber J. , Yielding G. , Iacopini D. , McCaffrey K. J. W. , Long J. J. , Jones R. R.
Published: September 2016

Folds associated with normal faults are potential hydrocarbon traps and may impact the connectivity of faulted reservoirs. Well-calibrated seismic reflection data that image a normal fault system from the Inner Moray Firth basin, offshore Scotland, show that folding was preferentially localized within the mechanically incompetent Lower–Middle Jurassic pre-rift interval, comprising interbedded shales and sandstones, and within Upper Jurassic syn-rift shales. Upward propagation of fault tips was initially inhibited by these weak lithologies, generating fault propagation folds with amplitudes of
c.
50 m. Folds were also generated, or amplified, by translation of the hanging wall over curved, convex-upward fault planes. These fault bends resulted from vertical fault segmentation and linkage within mechanically incompetent layers. The relative contributions of fault propagation and fault-bend folding to the final fold amplitude may vary significantly along the strike of a single fault array. In areas where opposite-dipping, conjugate normal faults intersect, the displacement maxima are skewed upwards towards the base of the syn-rift sequence (i.e. the free surface at the time of fault initiation) and significant fault propagation folding did not occur. These observations can be explained by high compressive stresses generated in the vicinity of conjugate fault intersections, which result in asymmetric displacement distributions, skewed towards the upper tip, with high throw gradients enhancing upward fault propagation. Our observations suggest that mechanical interaction between faults, in addition to mechanical stratigraphy, is a key influence on the occurrence of normal fault-related folding, and controls kinematic parameters such as fault propagation/slip ratios and displacement rates.
Coupled THM modelling of engineered barriers for the final disposal of spent nuclear fuel isolation
Authors: Toprak Erdem , Olivella Sebastia , Pintado Xavier
Published: September 2016

This paper describes the thermohydromechanical (THM) simulation of engineered barrier systems (EBS) for the final disposal of nuclear spent fuel in Finland. The bentonite barriers were simulated with the Barcelona Basic Model and the model was calibrated from laboratory tests. The evolution of gap closure and the presence of a fracture intersecting the disposal were analysed. The simulations were performed in 2D axisymmetrical geometries. Full 3D simulations were carried out in order to check the effect of the third dimension. The time required for the barriers to reach full saturation, the maximum temperature, deformations and displacements at the buffer–backfill interface and the homogenization of components both locally and globally are the main interests. The effect of rock fracture and the hydraulic conductivity of the rock are subjected to 2D sensitivity analyses.
Polycyclic scoria cones of the Antofagasta de la Sierra basin, Southern Puna plateau, Argentina
Authors: Báez Walter , Carrasco Nuñez Gerardo , Giordano Guido , Viramonte José G. , Chiodi Agostina
Published: September 2016

Despite a number of published papers focusing on the geodynamic implications of the recent Southern Puna mafic magmatism, there have been fewer studies of the volcanology and stratigraphy of this outstanding volcanism. This paper presents a detailed map of two well-preserved Quaternary scoria cones showing their complex stratigraphy. Complementary morphometric, morpho-structural, petrographic and geochemical data were used to reconstruct the evolution of both volcanoes. The occurrence of more than one eruption at each volcano was inferred by the recognition of temporal hiatuses using morpho-stratigraphic criteria. The polycyclic nature of both scoria cones could be related to a combination of a high input magma in response to lithospheric delamination, a favourable regional stress field and the interaction of rising magma with pre-existing faults. The youngest eruptions in both volcanoes were complex, with shifts in the eruptive style from violent strombolian to hawaiian/strombolian phases, and probably lasted for a few years. The explosive activity was accompanied by the emission of lava flows from lateral vents. Phreatomagmatic activity was triggered during the waning stages of the eruptions. The occurrence of more than one eruption in a single scoria cone and the changes in the eruptive style during long-lasting eruptions are important topics for volcanic hazard assessment in the Southern Puna.
Neogene monogenetic volcanism from the Northern Puna region: products and eruptive styles
Authors: Maro Guadalupe , Caffe Pablo J.
Published: September 2016

The Neogene mafic volcanism of the Northern Puna region in the Central Andes is represented by scoria cones and lava flows dispersed over a wide region (
c.
9150 km
2
) as isolated or poorly clustered centres. Although all the products are basaltic andesites to andesites, the behaviour of these magmatic systems resembles that seen in basaltic monogenetic fields. These centres were studied with the aim of defining the main volcanic lithofacies and evaluating the eruptive styles. The results suggest that the eruptions developed under a dry strombolian dynamic, with brief periods of lava fountaining and hydrovolcanism, the latter usually restricted to the early stages of cone construction. Changes in eruptive style are thought to be caused by variations in both the internal (e.g. magma ascent) and external (e.g. surficial water availability) conditions. The transitions do not reflect compositional changes, as evidenced by the small chemical differences observed among the products of the studied eruptive centres. Stratigraphic analysis, in addition to a few pre-existing radiometric dates, suggests that this volcanic activity occurred during the Late Miocene to Early Pliocene. This information supports the inference that these eruptions occurred before the peak of Southern Puna mafic volcanism and that they were coeval with eruptions of some of the most important silicic calderas of the Altiplano-Puna Volcanic Complex. The good preservation of volcanic edifices reveals that erosion rates were extremely low, in agreement with the high aridity conditions that have prevailed in the Puna region since the Mid- to Late Miocene.
A Closer Look at the Unplag Plagiarism Checker
Authors: Yarborough Michael
Published: September 2016

Plagiarism checkers have long turned into irreplaceable educators' assistants. The most efficient of them allow you to not just compare student papers to online sources or databases, but also to suggest some corrections and teach students how to follow citation rules. Not all the newly launched tools of that kind can really boast of having substantial differences and useful functionality. Still, there are some alternatives that are worth trying.
A Case of Infective Endocarditis and Pulmonary Septic Emboli Caused byLactococcus lactis
Authors: Mansour Bshara , Habib Adib , Asli Nazih , Geffen Yuval , Miron Dan , Elias Nael
Published: September 2016

Infective endocarditis is a rare condition in children with normal hearts. We present here a case of previously healthy eleven-year-old girl with infective endocarditis and pulmonary septic emboli caused by a very rare bacterial etiology (Lactococcus lactis). Identification of this pathogen was only made by polymerase chain reaction.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Related to Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy in Rectal Cancer Patients
Authors: Chen Xingxing , Lin Ruifang , Li Huifang , Su Meng , Zhang Wenyi , Deng Xia , Zhang Ping , Zou Changlin
Published: September 2016

Background. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to pre-CRT in patients of stage II/III rectal cancer.Materials and Methods. Questionnaires regarding the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of pre-CRT were mailed to 145 rectal cancer patients in II/III stage between January 2012 and December 2014, and 111 agreed to participate and returned completed questionnaires to the researcher. Logistic regression model was used to compare sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge, and attitude with practice, respectively.Results. A total of 145 patients were approached for interview, of which 111 responded and 48.6% (54) had undergone pre-CRT. Only 31.5% of the participants knew that CRT is a treatment of rectal cancer and 39.6% were aware of the importance of CRT. However, the vast majority of participants (68.5%) expressed a positive attitude toward rectal cancer. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that knowledge level (p=0.006) and attitudes (p=0.001) influence the actual practice significantly. Furthermore, age, gender, and income were potential predictors of practice (allp<0.05).Conclusion. This study shows that, despite the fact that participants had suboptimal level of knowledge on rectal cancer, their attitude is favorable to pre-CRT. Strengthening the professional health knowledge and realizing the importance of attitudes may deepen patients’ understanding of preoperative therapy.
One-Step Posterior and Anterior Combined Approach for L5 Retroperitoneal Schwannoma Eroding a Lumbar Vertebra
Authors: D’Andrea Giancarlo , Sessa Giovanni , Picotti Veronica , Raco Antonino
Published: September 2016

We report the case of a large lumbar schwannoma eroding the vertebra and originating from spinal canal with invasion of the retroperitoneal space. We also review all the cases in literature reporting lumbar schwannomas eroding the vertebral bodies and invading the retroperitoneal space focusing on the surgical strategies to manage them. Spinal CT-scan revealed a44 mm×55 mminhomogeneous soft-tissue mass arising from the right L5-S1 neural foramen and its most anterior portion had a clear colliquative aspect. Magnetic resonance image showed a neoplastic lesion with homogeneous low signal in T1WI, heterogeneous signal in T2WI, and strong enhancement in postgadolinium examination. It developed as well in the retroperitoneal space, posteriorly to the iliac vein, up to the psoas muscle with wide erosion of the omolateral conjugate foramen. We performed a one-step combined approach together with the vascular surgeon because the lesion was too huge to allow a complete resection via a posterior approach and furthermore its tight relationship with the psoas muscle and the iliac vessels in the retroperitoneal space should be more safely managed via a retroperitoneal approach. We strongly suggest a 1-step surgery first approaching the dumbbell and the intraspinal schwannomas posteriorly achieving the decompression of the spinal canal and the cleavage of the tumor cutting the root of origin and the vascular supply and valuating the stability of the spine for potential artrodesis procedure. The patient must be then operated on via a retroperitoneal approach achieving the complete en bloc resection of the tumor.
Detection and Tracking of Road Barrier Based on Radar and Vision Sensor Fusion
Authors: Kim Taeryun , Song Bongsob
Published: September 2016

The detection and tracking algorithms of road barrier including tunnel and guardrail are proposed to enhance performance and reliability for driver assistance systems. Although the road barrier is one of the key features to determine a safe drivable area, it may be recognized incorrectly due to performance degradation of commercial sensors such as radar and monocular camera. Two frequent cases among many challenging problems are considered with the commercial sensors. The first case is that few tracks of radar to road barrier are detected due to material type of road barrier. The second one is inaccuracy of relative lateral position by radar, thus resulting in large variance of distance between a vehicle and road barrier. To overcome the problems, the detection and estimation algorithms of tracks corresponding to road barrier are proposed. Then, the tracking algorithm based on a probabilistic data association filter (PDAF) is used to reduce variation of lateral distance between vehicle and road barrier. Finally, the proposed algorithms are validated via field test data and their performance is compared with that of road barrier measured by lidar.
Modelling of the Elasticity Modulus for Rock Using Genetic Expression Programming
Authors: Atici Umit
Published: September 2016

In rock engineering projects, statically determined parameters are more reflective of actual load conditions than dynamic parameters. This study reports a new and efficient approach to the formulation of the static modulus of elasticityEsapplying gene expression programming (GEP) with nondestructive testing (NDT) methods. The results obtained using GEP are compared with the results of multivariable linear regression analysis (MRA), univariate nonlinear regression analysis (URA), and the dynamic elasticity modulus (Ed). The GEP model was found to produce the most accurate calculation ofEs. The proposed approach is a simple, nondestructive, and practical way to determineEsfor anisotropic and heterogeneous rocks.
Uncertainty of Flood Forecasting Based on Radar Rainfall Data Assimilation
Authors: Chen Xinchi , Zhang Liping , Gippel Christopher James , Shan Lijie , Chen Shaodan , Yang Wei
Published: September 2016

Precipitation is the core data input to hydrological forecasting. The uncertainty in precipitation forecast data can lead to poor performance of predictive hydrological models. Radar-based precipitation measurement offers advantages over ground-based measurement in the quantitative estimation of temporal and spatial aspects of precipitation, but errors inherent in this method will still act to reduce the performance. Using data from White Lotus River of Hubei Province, China, five methods were used to assimilate radar rainfall data transformed from the classifiedZ-Rrelationship, and the postassimilation data were compared with precipitation measured by rain gauges. The five sets of assimilated rainfall data were then used as input to the Xinanjiang model. The effect of precipitation data input error on runoff simulation was analyzed quantitatively by disturbing the input data using the Breeding of Growing Modes method. The results of practical application demonstrated that the statistical weight integration and variational assimilation methods were superior. The corresponding performance in flood hydrograph prediction was also better using the statistical weight integration and variational methods compared to the others. It was found that the errors of radar rainfall data disturbed by the Breeding of Growing Modes had a tendency to accumulate through the hydrological model.
Social Media Meets Big Urban Data: A Case Study of Urban Waterlogging Analysis
Authors: Zhang Ningyu , Chen Huajun , Chen Jiaoyan , Chen Xi
Published: September 2016

With the design and development of smart cities, opportunities as well as challenges arise at the moment. For this purpose, lots of data need to be obtained. Nevertheless, circumstances vary in different cities due to the variant infrastructures and populations, which leads to the data sparsity. In this paper, we propose a transfer learning method for urban waterlogging disaster analysis, which provides the basis for traffic management agencies to generate proactive traffic operation strategies in order to alleviate congestion. Existing work on urban waterlogging mostly relies on past and current conditions, as well as sensors and cameras, while there may not be a sufficient number of sensors to cover the relevant areas of a city. To this end, it would be helpful if we could transfer waterlogging. We examine whether it is possible to use the copious amounts of information from social media and satellite data to improve urban waterlogging analysis. Moreover, we analyze the correlation between severity, road networks, terrain, and precipitation. Moreover, we use a multiview discriminant transfer learning method to transfer knowledge to small cities. Experimental results involving cities in China and India show that our proposed framework is effective.
A Simplified Kalman Filter for Integrated Navigation System with Low-Dynamic Movement
Authors: Liu Xixiang , Sima Jian , Huang Yongjiang , Liu Xianjun , Zhang Pan
Published: September 2016

In the integrated navigation system with inertial base, the update frequency of Strapdown Inertial Navigation System (SINS) is always higher than those of aided navigation systems; thus updating inconsistency among subsystems becomes an issue. The analysis indicates that the state transition matrix in Kalman filter is essentially a function of carrier motion. Based on this understanding, a simplified Kalman filter algorithm for integrated navigation is designed for those carriers with low-dynamic motions. With this simplified algorithm, when the filter is without aided information updating, only calculation and accumulation on state transition matrix are executed, and when the filter is with updating, normal time and measurement update are done based on the averaged state transition matrix. Thus the calculation load in the simplified algorithm will be significantly lessened. Furthermore, due to cumulative sum and average operation, more accurate state transition matrix and higher fusion accuracy will arrive for the smoothing effect on random noise of carrier motion parameters. Simulation and test results indicate that when the carrier is with a low-dynamic motion, the simplified algorithm can complete the data fusion of integrated system effectively with reduced computation load and suppressed oscillation amplitude of state vector error.
Addition of Sodium Pyruvate to Stored Red Blood Cells Attenuates Liver Injury in a Murine Transfusion Model
Authors: Xia Sha , Chen Gan , Wang Bo , Yin Yujing , Sun Zhenwei , Zhao Jingxiang , Li Penglong , Zhao Lian , Zhou Hong
Published: September 2016

RBCs undergo numerous changes during storage and stored RBCs may induce adverse effects, ultimately resulting in organ injury in transfusion recipients. We tested the hypothesis that the addition of SP to stored RBCs would improve the quality of the stored RBCs and mitigate liver injury after transfusion in a murine model. RBCs were harvested from C57BL/6J mice and stored for 14 days in CPDA-1 containing either a solution of SP in saline or saline alone. Haemolysis, the 24-hour posttransfusion recovery, the oxygen-carrying capacity, and the SOD activity of stored RBCs were evaluated. The plasma biochemistry, hepatic MDA level, MPO activity, IL-6, TNF-αconcentrations, and histopathology were measured two hours after the transfusion of stored RBCs. Compared with RBCs stored in CPDA-1 and saline, the addition of SP to stored RBCs restored their oxygen-carrying capacity and SOD activity, reduced the AST activity, BUN concentrations, and LDH activity in the plasma, and decreased the MDA level, MPO activity, and concentrations of IL-6 and TNF-αin the liver. These data indicate that the addition of SP to RBCs during storage has a beneficial effect on storage lesionsin vitroand subsequently alleviates liver injury after the transfusion of stored RBCsin vivo.
An Evaluation of the Significance of Work-Related Influence Factors on Fitness and the Development of Medical and Orthopaedic Conditions in Military Executives
Authors: Schulze Christoph , Becker Michael , Finze Susanne , Holtherm Christoph , Hinder Jens , Lison Andreas
Published: September 2016

Occupational health promotion is an effective tool to improve the state of health of employees. As part of occupational health promotion in the German Bundeswehr, top-ranking military executives are offered a medical examination and training programme. Health-related data is collected as a basis for training and lifestyle counselling. This data was subjected to a retrospective evaluation in order to identify occupational risk factors and their correlation with cardiovascular resilience, trunk strength, and the development of orthopaedic and internal disorders. A total of 122 military executives (all male, age54.6±4.2years) answered a questionnaire aimed at evaluating private and occupational stress factors. The medical history was followed by a medical and orthopaedic examination involving a lactate performance test (treadmill or bicycle ergometry) and an isometric trunk strength measurement. The data obtained was then statistically evaluated. For military executives, work-related travelling and commuting involve a high risk of medical and orthopaedic conditions. Regular exercise leads to improved fitness levels. In order to prevent medical problems, military executives working long hours should regularly take part in fitness and weight training under professional instructions.
Impact of Surface Modification and Nanoparticle on Sisal Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Nanocomposites
Authors: Ibrahim Idowu David , Jamiru Tamba , Sadiku Emmanuel Rotimi , Kupolati Williams Kehinde , Agwuncha Stephen Chinenyeze
Published: September 2016

The use of plant fibers, polymer, and nanoparticles for composite has gained global attention, especially in the packaging, automobile, aviation, building, and construction industries. Nanocomposites materials are currently in use as a replacement for traditional materials due to their superior properties, such as high strength-to-weight ratio, cost effectiveness, and environmental friendliness. Sisal fiber (SF) was treated with 5% NaOH for 2 hours at 70°C. A mixed blend of sisal fiber and recycled polypropylene (rPP) was produced at four different fiber loadings: 10, 20, 30, and 40 wt.%, while nanoclay was added at 1, 3, and 5 wt.%. Maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAPP) was used as the compatibilizer for all composites prepared except the untreated sisal fibers. The characterization results showed that the fiber treatment, addition of MAPP, and nanoclay improved the mechanical properties and thermal stability and reduced water absorption of the SF/rPP nanocomposites. The tensile strength, tensile modulus, and impact strength increased by 32.80, 37.62, and 5.48%, respectively, when compared to the untreated SF/rPP composites. Water absorption was reduced due to the treatment of fiber and the incorporation of MAPP and nanoclay.
Behavior of a Flat Solid in a Container with Liquid Subject to Large Amplitude Vibration
Authors: Kozlov Victor , Vlasova Olga
Published: September 2016

We experimentally study the behavior of a flat body in the oscillating container with liquid. The body density is much more than the density of liquid. The body oscillates with large amplitude under the action of inertia forces. It is found that under the vibration the body lifts up and goes to quasi-steady suspended state at some distance from the container bottom. The lift force is measured by a method of dynamic suspension of a body in the gravity field. It is found that the dimensionless repulsion lift force depends on the dimensionless amplitude of the body oscillations; it reduces with the amplitude and is in agreement with the theoretical model in the limit of small amplitude. Qualitatively new regimes of body behavior are found in the supercritical region. With an increase of the vibration intensity, the body gets a stable state in the middle of the container height and then moves on to the container ceiling.
Research on Healthy Anomaly Detection Model Based on Deep Learning from Multiple Time-Series Physiological Signals
Authors: Wang Kai , Zhao Youjin , Xiong Qingyu , Fan Min , Sun Guotan , Ma Longkun , Liu Tong
Published: September 2016

Health is vital to every human being. To further improve its already respectable medical technology, the medical community is transitioning towards a proactive approach which anticipates and mitigates risks before getting ill. This approach requires measuring the physiological signals of human and analyzes these data at regular intervals. In this paper, we present a novel approach to apply deep learning in physiological signals analysis that allows doctor to identify latent risks. However, extracting high level information from physiological time-series data is a hard problem faced by the machine learning communities. Therefore, in this approach, we apply model based on convolutional neural network that can automatically learn features from raw physiological signals in an unsupervised manner and then based on the learned features use multivariate Gauss distribution anomaly detection method to detect anomaly data. Our experiment is shown to have a significant performance in physiological signals anomaly detection. So it is a promising tool for doctor to identify early signs of illness even if the criteria are unknown a priori.
CBRS Spectrum Sharing between LTE-U and WiFi: A Multiarmed Bandit Approach
Authors: Parvez Imtiaz , Sriyananda M. G. S. , Güvenç İsmail , Bennis Mehdi , Sarwat Arif
Published: September 2016

The surge of mobile devices such as smartphone and tablets requires additional capacity. To achieve ubiquitous and high data rate Internet connectivity, effective spectrum sharing and utilization of the wireless spectrum carry critical importance. In this paper, we consider the use of unlicensed LTE (LTE-U) technology in the 3.5 GHz Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS) band and develop a multiarmed bandit (MAB) based spectrum sharing technique for a smooth coexistence with WiFi. In particular, we consider LTE-U to operate as a General Authorized Access (GAA) user; hereby MAB is used to adaptively optimize the transmission duty cycle of LTE-U transmissions. Additionally, we incorporate downlink power control which yields a high energy efficiency and interference suppression. Simulation results demonstrate a significant improvement in the aggregate capacity (approximately 33%) and cell-edge throughput of coexisting LTE-U and WiFi networks for different base station densities and user densities.
Acute Hemolysis with Renal Failure due toClostridiumBacteremia in a Patient with AML
Authors: Medrano-Juarez R. M. , Sotello D. , Orellana-Barrios M. A. , D’Cuhna L. , Payne J. D. , Nugent K.
Published: September 2016

We present a case of acute hemolytic anemia, renal failure, andClostridium perfringensbacteremia in a patient with acute myelogenous leukemia. The high fatality ofC. perfringensbacteremia requires that clinicians recognize and rapidly treat patients at risk for this infection. Although other hemolytic processes are in the differential diagnosis of these events, the presence of high fever, chills, and rapidly positive blood cultures may help narrow the diagnosis. Most cases ofC. perfringensbacteremia have a concomitant coinfection, which makes broad spectrum empiric therapy essential. There is a high mortality rate ofC. perfringensinfections associated with leukemia.
Preliminary Evidence of Reduced Urge to Cough and Cough Response in Four Individuals following Remote Traumatic Brain Injury with Tracheostomy
Authors: Silverman Erin , Sapienza Christine M. , Miller Sarah , Carnaby Giselle , Levy Charles , Tsai Hsiu-Wen , Davenport Paul W.
Published: September 2016

Cough and swallow protect the lungs and are frequently impaired following traumatic brain injury (TBI). This project examined cough response to inhaled capsaicin solution challenge in a cohort of four young adults with a history of TBI within the preceding five years. All participants had a history of tracheostomy with subsequent decannulation and dysphagia after their injuries (resolved for all but one participant). Urge to cough (UTC) and cough response were measured and compared to an existing database of normative cough response data obtained from 32 healthy controls (HCs). Participants displayed decreased UTC and cough responses compared to HCs. It is unknown if these preliminary results manifest as a consequence of disrupted sensory (afferent) projections, an inability to perceive or discriminate cough stimuli, disrupted motor (efferent) response, peripheral weakness, or any combination of these factors. Future work should attempt to clarify if the observed phenomena are borne out in a larger sample of individuals with TBI, determine the relative contributions of central versus peripheral nervous system structures to cough sensory perceptual changes following TBI (should they exist), and formulate recommendations for systematic screening and assessment of cough sensory perception in order to facilitate rehabilitative efforts. This project is identified with the National Clinical TrialsNCT02240329.
Improving Eye Motion Sequence Recognition Using Electrooculography Based on Context-Dependent HMM
Authors: Fang Fuming , Shinozaki Takahiro , Horiuchi Yasuo , Kuroiwa Shingo , Furui Sadaoki , Musha Toshimitsu
Published: September 2016

Eye motion-based human-machine interfaces are used to provide a means of communication for those who can move nothing but their eyes because of injury or disease. To detect eye motions, electrooculography (EOG) is used. For efficient communication, the input speed is critical. However, it is difficult for conventional EOG recognition methods to accurately recognize fast, sequentially input eye motions because adjacent eye motions influence each other. In this paper, we propose a context-dependent hidden Markov model- (HMM-) based EOG modeling approach that uses separate models for identical eye motions with different contexts. Because the influence of adjacent eye motions is explicitly modeled, higher recognition accuracy is achieved. Additionally, we propose a method of user adaptation based on a user-independent EOG model to investigate the trade-off between recognition accuracy and the amount of user-dependent data required for HMM training. Experimental results show that when the proposed context-dependent HMMs are used, the character error rate (CER) is significantly reduced compared with the conventional baseline under user-dependent conditions, from 36.0 to 1.3%. Although the CER increases again to 17.3% when the context-dependent but user-independent HMMs are used, it can be reduced to 7.3% by applying the proposed user adaptation method.
Numerical Investigation on Bubble Growth and Sliding Process of Subcooled Flow Boiling in Narrow Rectangular Channel
Authors: Yuan De-wen , Xiao Zejun , Chen Deqi , Zhong Yunke , Yan Xiao , Xu Jianjun , Huang Yanping
Published: September 2016

In order to investigate single bubble evolution, a boiling phase change model in subcooled flow boiling is proposed in this paper, and VOF model combined with phase change model is adopted to simulate the single bubble growth and movement. The effects of flow velocity, liquid subcooling, wall superheat, and vapor-liquid contact angle are considered in this model. The predicted bubble growth curve agrees well with the experimental result. Based on the analysis of bubble shape evolution and temperature field, it is found that the average bubble growth rate, flow velocity, and dynamic contact angle have significant effect on the bubble shape evolution during the bubble growth and movement while the temperature gradient in superheated liquid does not change with bubble growing. The character of dynamic contact angle during bubble growth and movement is also obtained in different working condition.
mTORC1-Activated Monocytes Increase Tregs and Inhibit the Immune Response to Bacterial Infections
Authors: Fang Lijun , Tu Huaijun , Guo Wei , Wang Shixuan , Xue Ting , Yang Fei , Zhang Xiaoyan , Yang Yazhi , Wan Qian , Shi Zhexin , Zhan Xulong , Li Jian
Published: September 2016

The TSC1/2 heterodimer, a key upstream regulator of the mTOR, can inhibit the activation of mTOR, which plays a critical role in immune responses after bacterial infections. Monocytes are an innate immune cell type that have been shown to be involved in bacteremia. However, how the mTOR pathway is involved in the regulation of monocytes is largely unknown. In our study, TSC1 KO mice and WT mice were infected withE. coli. When compared to WT mice, we found higher mortality, greater numbers of bacteria, decreased expression of coactivators in monocytes, increased numbers of Tregs, and decreased numbers of effector T cells in TSC1 KO mice. Monocytes obtained from TSC1 KO mice produced more ROS, IL-6, IL-10, and TGF-βand less IL-1, IFN-γ, and TNF-α. Taken together, our results suggest that the inhibited immune functioning in TSC1 KO mice is influenced by mTORC1 activation in monocytes. The reduced expression of coactivators resulted in inhibited effector T cell proliferation. mTORC1-activated monocytes are harmful during bacterial infections. Therefore, inhibiting mTORC1 signaling through rapamycin administration could rescue the harmful aspects of an overactive immune response, and this knowledge provides a new direction for clinical therapy.
Discovering Antioxidant Molecules in the Archaea Domain: Peroxiredoxin Bcp1 fromSulfolobus solfataricusProtects H9c2 Cardiomyoblasts from Oxidative Stress
Authors: Sarcinelli Carmen , Fiorentino Gabriella , Pizzo Elio , Bartolucci Simonetta , Limauro Danila
Published: September 2016

Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are ubiquitous thiol peroxidases that are involved in the reduction of peroxides. It has been reported that prokaryotic Prxs generally show greater structural robustness than their eukaryotic counterparts, making them less prone to inactivation by overoxidation. This difference has inspired the search for new antioxidants from prokaryotic sources that can be used as possible therapeutic biodrugs. Bacterioferritin comigratory proteins (Bcps) of the hyperthermophilic archaeonSulfolobus solfataricusthat belong to the Prx family have recently been characterized. One of these proteins, Bcp1, was chosen to determine its antioxidant effects in H9c2 rat cardiomyoblast cells. Bcp1 activity was measuredin vitrounder physiological temperature and pH conditions that are typical of mammalian cells; the yeast thioredoxin reductase (yTrxR)/thioredoxin (yTrx) reducing system was used to evaluate enzyme activity. A TAT-Bcp1 fusion protein was constructed to allow its internalization and verify the effect of Bcp1 on H9c2 rat cardiomyoblasts subjected to oxidative stress. The results reveal that TAT-Bcp1 is not cytotoxic and inhibits H2O2-induced apoptosis in H9c2 cells by reducing the H2O2content inside these cells.