bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morbid Obesity and Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Growing Problem
Authors: Martin J. Ryan , Jennings Jason M. , Dennis Douglas A.
Published: February 2017

Obesity is an epidemic, with approximately 35% of the US population affected. This rate is unlikely to decline and may increase the demand for total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Data regarding the risks, benefits, and potential complications of TKA in this patient population are conflicting. Preoperative considerations are optimization of nutritional status, safe weight loss strategies, and bariatric surgery. Intraoperative concerns unique to this population include inadequate exposure, implant alignment, and durable implant fixation; postoperative issues include tibial loosening, wound complications, cardiovascular events, and respiratory complications. A thorough understanding of the medical and surgical complications associated with TKA in the obese patient will facilitate research efforts and improve outcomes.
Holding Cash and Spontaneous Behavior: A Modification of the Baumol Equation
Authors: Gonen Limor D. , Weber Michal , Tavor Tchai , Spiegel Uriel
Published: February 2017

During the decades following the presentation of the original Baumol equation (1952) the role of holding cash was significantly changed. The original Baumol equation considered the two elements of (i) the value of transactions, positively affecting cash holding; and (ii) the interest rate, negatively affecting cash holding. A third element that was not considered is the economic behavioral aspect of the availability of money that may lead to spontaneous purchasing. This element reduces the inclination of customers towards holding cash.The present paper develops various kinds of loss functions due to spontaneous purchasing behavior and presents several different modified Baumol equations that are more reliable and realistic than the original Baumol equation.An important implication of our paper relates to the ineffectiveness of monetary policy. When the interest rate is very low, in the original Baumol model we approach the liquidity trap range in which monetary policy is ineffective. However, according to our new model the monetary policy still remains effective, even at low or zero interest rates. This is the case even in an environment in which the monetary policy seems to be totally inefficient, as we recently find in several industrial countries throughout the world. In some sense, this reminds us of the idea of an automatic stabilizer that supports fiscal policies. The new modified Baumol equation in the current paper reveals an automatic stabilizer which accelerates the effectiveness of monetary policy, and avoids the phenomenon of the liquidity trap, even in cases of zero interest rates.
Die erweiterte Substantivphrase in ausgewählten deutschen Wirtschaftstexten - eine intra- und interlinguale rezeptionsgrammatische Analyse; Zusammenfassung einer Dissertation
Authors: Ditlevsen Marianne Grove
Published: February 2017

No abstract.
Fagbogsanmeldelsen i dagspressen - egen praksis
Authors: Bredsdorff Thomas
Published: February 2017

No abstract.
Практична мудрост планирања
Authors: Шукало Огњен
Published: February 2017

Рад се бави испитивањем различитих спознајних модела и модела дјеловања у урбанистичком и регионалном планирању, у планирању великих инфраструктурних пројеката, али и у ширем контексту друштвених наука и управних дисциплина. Конкретно се испитују односи позитивистичких спознајних приступа и приступа који се означавају као фронетички. Полажењем од фронетичке теорије Бента Фливбјерга (формално засноване на Аристотеловом разликовању појмова епистеме, техне и фронесис), анализира се релативни значај који у планирању имају контекст, заинтересоване стране, вриједности и претходни слични случајеви. Рад посебно испитује потенцијалну улогу фронетичког приступа у повећаној транспарентности одлучивања и у побољшаној прецизности пројектовања трошкова у великим инфраструктурним пројектима.
Промишљање о варијабилности перцепције кроз процес моделовања наспрам перцепције модела PER SE
Authors: Вујичић Тијана
Published: February 2017

Рад истражује процес моделовања, својствен архитектонском стваралаштву, фокусирајући се наперцепцију модела од стране креатора с једне стране и перцепцију посматрача (корисника) с друге стране. Истраживање се обавља на два нивоа: практичном и теоријском. Практични рад подразумијева моделовање кроз задате теме, гдје се – крећући од литерарне конструкције наслова, преко израде модела, до фотографије која га представља, истражује и образлаже стваралачки процес. С друге стране, на теоријском нивоу се промишља феномен перцепције кроз дефинисање разлика у перципирању модела од стране креатора, односно посматрача.
Преглед метода и техника планирања и репланирања грађевинских пројеката
Authors: Станковић Миленко , Ћировић Горан , Митровић Снежана , Поповић‐Милетић Наташа
Published: February 2017

Методологија планирања пројекта изучава се релативно дуго. До данас су развијене многе технике и методе за прецизно планирање. У раду је приказана анализа техника и метода планирања и репланирања грађевинских пројеката. Урађена је компарација CPM и CCM методе, као и PERT и осталих пробабилистичких метода и утврђени неопходни услови за њихову примјену. Традиционалне технике мрежног планирања CPM и PERT су највише примјењиване протеклих деценија. Одступање од планираног рока завршетка пројекта честа је појава у градитељству. На успјех пројекта утичу бројни фактори. Нереалан мрежни план исувише је често главни разлог кашњења пројекта.
Деформациона анализа 1д мреже Маховљанске петље
Authors: Божић Бранко , Туцикешић Сања
Published: February 2017

Деформациона мјерења су од великог значаја – на основу њих се у поступку обраде и анализе података мјерења одређују помаци и деформације грађевинских објеката током експлоатације те се добија информација да ли се грађевински објекти понашају у складу са очекивањима. Посљедице занемаривања потреба за праћењем деформација грађевинских објеката могу бити катастрофалне и мјере се људским животима и великим материјалним штетама. У раду се даје преглед реализованих нивелманских мјерења нулте и прве епохе 1Д мреже Маховљанске петље, те се у наставку подаци мјерења обрађују у вишенамјенском програмском пакету „PANDA“. Добијени подаци представљају важну информацију у процјени стања и сигурности Маховљанске петље, с циљем да се још у најранијој фази открију оштећења која би могла проузроковати отежано функционисање или чак уништење објекта.
Značaj valorizacije i reaktivacije industrijskog nasljeđa XX vijeka za kulturni identitet Republike Srpske
Authors: Simonović Dijana , Vujičić Tijana
Published: February 2017

Polazeći od problema neprepoznavanja industrijske baštine XX vijeka kao bitnog dijela kulturnog nasljeđa i kulturnog identiteta zajednice, rad ukazuje da ovaj značajan razvojni potencijal Republike Srpske, u njenom zakonodavnom i institucionalnom okviru nije dovoljno zastupljen. Ističu se vrijednosti industrijskog nasljeđa prošlog vijeka, s fokusom na materijalnim svjedočanstvima procesa industrijalizacije i urbanizacije u periodu SFRJ. Insistira se na pokretanju procesa identifikacije i valorizacije nasljeđa industrijske prošlosti, u funkciji njegove zaštite i reaktivacijesa ciljem jačanja regionalnog kulturnog identiteta.
Aнализа мјерљивих утицајних фактора квалитета ваздуха као основа за унапређење ваздушног комфора у зградама
Authors: Чворо Cаша Б.
Published: February 2017

Рад је фокусиран на значај ваздушног комфора и енергетске ефикасности у градитељству и могућност њихове примјене у архитектонском пројектовању. Обезбјеђивање адекватног комфора у физичком оквиру директно утиче на здравље и радне способности људи и значајно повећава потрошњу енергије. На обезбјеђење одговарајућег квалитета ваздуха, односно ваздушног комфора унутрашњег простора, отпада између 30% и 40% укупне потрошње енергије у процесу коришћења грађевинског фонда. У раду је посебна пажња посвећена анализи мјерљивих утицајних фактора ваздушног комфора: објективним параметрима квалитета и влажности ваздуха.
Kонтејнери као градивни блокови у кризним подручјима
Authors: Алексић Јулија П.
Published: February 2017

Пренасељеност, миграције и мобилност становништва данас су последица природних и еколошких катастрофа, политичких потреса и ратова, али и лоших економских услова.Основни циљ овог рада јесте представљање контејнера као решења за хумано, еколошки исправно, брзо просторно збрињавање угроженог становништва у кризним ситуацијама различите врсте, за привремено или трајно збрињавање бескућника, као и после катастрофа.У раду је дата категоризација контејнера у погледу типова и њихове намене – за становање, рад, образовање, здравство. Живот и рад у контејнерима може бити модеран, еколошки и применљив за становање и друге функције, што се у даљем истраживању подвргава провери. 
КВАЛИТЕТ ПРИОБАЛНОГ ПРОСТОРА У ГРАДОВИМА
Authors: Чворо Малина
Published: February 2017

Под приобаљем подразумијевамо просторни потез дуж уређених и природних обала у граду, које су безбједне од плавних вода. У раду се дефинише појам приобаља и анализирају особености овог специфичног градског простора. Основне морфолошке карактеристике градова чији је положај лоциран уз водени руб одређене су односом урбане структуре према води, а њихов идентитет је веома често резултат специфичних вриједности остварених у јединственом простору приобаља и акваторија. Простор приобаља специфичан је у односу на друге просторе у граду, a тема овог истраживања je анализа његових основних карактеристика: физичке изграђености, функције и културног идентитета. 
A TALE OF TWO CAMPUSES - URBAN AND SUBURBAN SOLUTIONS OF THE EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY CAMPUSES - A DISCUSSION ON TWO EXAMPLES IN VIENNA
Authors: Vuković Vladimir
Published: February 2017

The newly opened campus of the Vienna University of Economics and Business (WU Wien) has quickly developed into a public attraction. It is the most frequently asked aim of all architectural tours in Vienna since 2013. The nine hectares area houses the largest University of Economics in the European Union. With the participation of star architects, this greenfield project was developed on the basis of the Anglo-Saxon spatial model of a campus. Despite the effective staging architecture, this area has not become an exciting and lively part of the city. At weekends and during the term holidays the campus looks like a ghost town, due to the fact that there are not enough attractions for people outside lecture time. A contrasting example of this suburban concept is the campus of the University of Vienna (Altes AKH), which was implemented in the late 1990s in a historic complex of buildings in the city. Although it was built with a lower budget, this campus still works very well – both as an educational institution and as part of the urban neighbourhood. This example shows us that in the long tradition of urban development in central Europe the universities and their environment have always been closely associated within the city. This concept ensures a better function in this region up to nowadays. 
ПРОСТОРНО - ВРЕМЕНСКИ ТИПОВИ И АНАЛИЗЕ ПОДАТАКА У BIG DATA ПАРАДИГМИ
Authors: Амовић Младен , Говедарица Миро , Пајић Владимир , Васиљевић Славко
Published: February 2017

Модел за управљање великим серијама просторно-временских података имплементиран је на Apache Spark open-source платформи за складиштење и обраду великих серија података на дистрибуираним рачунарским системима формираним од комерцијално доступних радних станица. Алгоритми за обраду просторно-временских података су дефинисани према правилима Spark SQL програмског модела, а релационе операције на DataFrame-овима (специјализованим системом оквира података) коришћењем специфичног језика домена (domain – specific – language → DSL). Увођењем просторно-временских типова података омогућава се стандардизован приступ у Big Data парадигми.
Modification of Coal Char-loaded TiO2 by Sulfonation and Alkylsilylation to Enhance Catalytic Activity in Styrene Oxidation with Hydrogen Peroxide as Oxidant
Authors: Nurhadi Mukhamad
Published: February 2017

The modified coal char from low-rank coal by sulfonation, titanium impregnation and followed by alkyl silylation possesses high catalytic activity in styrene oxidation. The surface of coal char was undergone several steps as such: modification using concentrated sulfuric acid in the sulfonation process, impregnation of 500 mmol titanium(IV) isopropoxide and followed by alkyl silylation of n-octadecyltriclorosilane (OTS). The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), IR spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption, and hydrophobicity. The catalytic activity of the catalysts has been examined in the liquid phase styrene oxidation by using aqueous hydrogen peroxide as oxidant. The catalytic study showed the alkyl silylation could enhance the catalytic activity of Ti-SO3H/CC-600(2.0). High catalytic activity and reusability of the o-Ti-SO3H/CC-600(2.0) were related to the modification of local environment of titanium active sites and the enhancement the hydrophobicity of catalyst particle by alkyl silylation.
Analyzing Loose Contact Oxidation of Diesel Engine Soot and Ag/CeO2 Catalyst Using Nonlinear Regression Analysis
Authors: Kobayashi Yasukazu , Hikosaka Riki
Published: February 2017

Loose contact (LC) oxidation kinetics of carbon black (CB) model soot and Ag/CeO2 catalyst was deduced from thermogravimetric analysis (TG) experiments. In the LC mode at ≧750 K, CB particles were likely to be combusted also by non-catalyzed oxidation, especially those particles located far from the catalyst surface, as well as Ag/CeO2-catalyed oxidation. Since the non-catalyzed oxidation is not due to catalytic activity, in order to deduce the catalytic activity from TG data, a nonlinear regression analysis method was proposed in this study to extract only the catalyzed oxidation part of the TG data. It was verified that this was successfully done with the equations used by the very good curve fits to the experimental TG data, and the catalytic activity was correctly obtained from LC samples with various degrees of physical contact between the CB and catalyst.
One-Pot Synthesis of Bi/Fe3O4 and Its Catalytic Performances for 4-Nitrophenol Reduction
Authors: Cai Ke-ying , Liu Yu-Sheng , Xu Yang , Zhou Huimin , Zhang Lingxia , Cui Yao
Published: February 2017

A novel approach was successfully developed for the catalyst Bi-deposited Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, which was used in the degradation of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP). The Bi/Fe3O4 composite was prepared via a one-pot process from ferrous sulfate and bismuth chloride using hydrazine hydrate as a reducing agent. The catalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. In the composite pure Fe3O4 particles were synthesized and bismuth particles were well dispersed. The catalytic performances were investigated for the reduction of 4-NP with sodium borohydride. The catalyst has higher activity when Bi/Fe molar ratio is 1:4 in the composite and the rate constant k is about 0.611 min-1. The catalyst has good reusability which can be used 10 cycles without obvious deactivation. Furthermore, the catalyst can be easily separated by an external magnetic field.
Modification, Characterization, and Catalytic Application of Mesolite for One Pot Synthesis of 3-Methyl-4-arylmethylene-isoxazol-5(4H)-ones
Authors: Pawar Ganesh Trambakrao , Gadekar Sachin Pandit , Arbad Balasaheb R. , Lande Machhindra Karbhari
Published: February 2017

Natural mesolite type zeolite was collected, modified by sulphuric acid treatment and characterized by using Powder-X ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscopy and Energy dispersive spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Temperature programmed ammonia desorption, Brunauer-Emmer-Teller surface area analysis. Modified dealuminated mesolite shows an efficient catalytic activity for one pot synthesis of 3-methyl-4-arylmethylene-isoxazol-5(4H)-ones derivatives, via one pot three component condensation of benzaldehyde, ethylacetoacetate and hydroxylamine hydrochloride. Present method offers several advantages over the reported methods like a simple and inexpensive modification of catalyst, mild reaction condition, easy separation of catalyst, simple work-up procedure, nonchromatographic isolation and purification desired product and excellent yield. Furthermore, catalyst could be reused without significant loose in activity.
Gas Phase Oligomerization of Isobutene over Acid Treated Kaolinite Clay Catalyst
Authors: Aldhayan Dhaifallah , Aouissi Ahmed
Published: February 2017

Natural Kaolin Clay was calcined and treated by sulfuric acid. The resulting solid acid catalyst was characterized by FTIR, TGA, and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and tested for isobutene oligomerization in a gas phase. The characterization results showed that the acid treated clay underwent chemical and structural transformations. After acid treatment, the Si/Al ratio was increased, and the crystalline raw clay became amorphous. The effects of various parameters such as reaction temperature, reaction time and contact time on isobutene oligomerization were investigated. Catalytic tests showed that isobutene oligomerization led to dimers and trimers as major products. Tetramers were obtained as by- products. At relatively high reaction temperatures and long contact times, the conversion was enhanced while the selectivity of dimers was decreased in favor of higher oligomers.
Preface
Authors: Istadi Istadi
Published: February 2017

Preface of Volume 12 Issue 1 Year 2017
Front-matter
Authors: Istadi Istadi
Published: February 2017

Front-matter
Back-matter
Authors: Istadi Istadi
Published: February 2017

Copyright transfer agreement, Back-matter
A global ocean climatology of preindustrial and modern ocean δ13C
Authors: Eide Marie , Olsen Are , Ninnemann Ulysses S. , Johannessen Truls
Published: February 2017

We present a global ocean climatology of dissolved inorganic carbon δ13C (‰) corrected for the 13C‐Suess effect, preindustrial δ13C. This was constructed by first using Olsen and Ninnemann's (2010) back‐calculation method on data from 25 World Ocean Circulation Experiment cruises to reconstruct the preindustrial δ13C on sections spanning all major oceans. Next, we developed five multilinear regression equations, one for each major ocean basin, which were applied on the World Ocean Atlas data to construct the climatology. This reveals the natural δ13C distribution in the global ocean. Compared to the modern distribution, the preindustrial δ13C spans a larger range of values. The maxima, of up to 1.8‰, occurs in the subtropical gyres of all basins, in the upper and intermediate waters of the North Atlantic, as well as in mode waters with a Southern Ocean origin. Particularly strong gradients occur at intermediate depths, revealing a strong potential for using δ13C as a tracer for changes in water mass geometry at these levels. Further, we identify a much tighter relationship between δ13C and apparent oxygen utilization (AOU) than between δ13C and phosphate. This arises because, in contrast to phosphate, AOU and δ13C are both partly reset when waters are ventilated in the Southern Ocean and underscore that δ13C is a highly robust proxy for past changes in ocean oxygen content and ocean ventilation. Our global preindustrial δ13C climatology is openly accessible and can be used, for example, for improved model evaluation and interpretation of sediment δ13C records.
New τc regression relationship derived from all P wave time windows for rapid magnitude estimation
Authors: Peng C. Y. , Yang J. S. , Zheng Y. , Zhu X. Y. , Xu Z. Q. , Chen Y.
Published: February 2017

Two issues related to the average period τc early‐warning parameter are the magnitude saturation effect on large earthquakes and considerable scatter for small earthquakes. To reduce the effect of these two issues on earthquake early‐warning systems, we introduce a new τc regression relationship derived from all P wave time windows (PTWs) in high‐pass filtered (T = 0.075 Hz) strong‐motion data for three damaging moderate‐to‐large earthquakes. Our results show that this relationship provides a better and more stable magnitude prediction than those derived from 3 s PTW without a saturation effect on large earthquakes with M < 7.5. It is expected that fewer false alerts (those outside the magnitude uncertainty tolerance) would be issued. Additionally, a reduction of the initial PTWs to 1–2 s and evolutionary calculation with an expanding window allow more lead time for small‐to‐moderate events.
Experimental observation of the onset of fracture percolation in columnar ice
Authors: Renshaw Carl E. , Schulson Erland M. , Sigward Stephen J. G.
Published: February 2017

While the contribution of brine channels to the critical behavior of sea ice permeability is well known, fractures can also contribute to the critical behavior of ice permeability. Above a critical fracture density, cracks link together to create a continuous pathway for flow. To isolate the contribution of fractures to percolation through ice, we present novel experiments to quantify the critical strain required for the onset of fracture percolation in freshwater columnar‐grained ice. We monitored the percolation of the ice as it was compressed uniaxially across the columns at −10oC to axial strains of 0.5–2% at a strain rate of 10−5 s−1, i.e., 1 order of magnitude below the ductile‐to‐brittle transition. We observed that the threshold for along‐column permeability corresponds with peak strength. Lateral connectivity develops over limited distances postpeak strength near the onset of near‐steady state flow and is facilitated by the breakage of the columns.
Ionospheric effects of St. Patrick's storm over Asian Russia: 17–19 March 2015
Authors: Zolotukhina N. , Polekh N. , Kurkin V. , Rogov D. , Romanova E. , Chelpanov M.
Published: February 2017

We have carried out a comprehensive analysis of data from the high‐frequency coherent radar located near Yekaterinburg, ground‐based ionospheric, riometric, and magnetic stations, situated within the radar field of view and in the vicinity of it, as well as from eight radio paths crossing the Asian region of Russia. Using these data, we studied dynamics of ionospheric disturbances over wide longitudinal sector during the first 3 days of the St. Patrick's two‐step severe geomagnetic storm and determined the main mechanisms of their development. We showed that on 17 March during the main and early recovery storm phases, the major contribution to the generation of the ionospheric disturbances had been made by impact ionization by precipitating magnetospheric particles. This had lead to appearance of intense sporadic layers, alternating with intervals of total absorption. The main features of the storm were the large latitude width of the auroral precipitation zone and an expansion of this zone to corrected geomagnetic latitude ~ 45°. We suppose that these peculiarities were due to high variability of interplanetary magnetic field and solar wind impacted on the magnetosphere. The most probable cause of the negative ionospheric disturbance on 18 March might have been a change in the neutral atmosphere composition. Significant differences between measured and simulated values of maximal electron concentration in F2 layer point to the need to improve the existing empirical models of thermosphere, auroral precipitations, and magnetospheric convection in order to use them for modeling of ionospheric parameters during severe geomagnetic storms.
Ion dynamics in magnetotail reconnection in the presence of density asymmetry
Authors: Hietala H. , Artemyev A. V. , Angelopoulos V.
Published: February 2017

We present the first dual‐spacecraft observations of antiparallel, asymmetric magnetic reconnection in the Earth's magnetotail. The measurements were made with the comprehensive instrumentation of the ARTEMIS mission at the lunar distance near the dusk flank. The north lobe had high‐density mantle and boundary layer plasma, while the south lobe had a much lower density, consistent with the prevailing solar wind conditions. The two spacecraft observed a finite width reconnection flow channel emanating from a tailward moving X line. Within the jet, the Hall magnetic field polarity corresponding to the high‐density north lobe was enhanced, and the peak flow velocity was shifted toward the low‐density south side, consistent with expectations from simulations. Two counterstreaming populations are seen in the distribution functions in most parts of the exhaust, in contrast to single‐population convective flows reported in a previous asymmetric magnetotail reconnection event. Furthermore, the density difference of the two distinct mixing populations of different density is visible in the exhaust distributions up to ∼150di downstream of the X line. We observe no signatures of Speiser‐like ion motion near the neutral plane, in agreement with theoretical expectations for asymmetric boundary conditions.
Centennial evolution of monthly solar wind speeds: Fastest monthly solar wind speeds from long‐duration coronal holes
Authors: Lukianova Renata , Holappa Lauri , Mursula Kalevi
Published: February 2017

High‐speed solar wind streams (HSSs) are very efficient drivers of geomagnetic activity at high latitudes. In this paper we use a recently developed ΔH parameter of geomagnetic activity, calculated from the nightside hourly magnetic field measurements of the Sodankylä observatory, as a proxy for solar wind (SW) speed at monthly time resolution in 1914–2014 (solar cycles 15–24). The seasonal variation in the relation between monthly ΔH and solar wind speed is taken into account by calculating separate regressions between ΔH and SW speed for each month. Thereby, we obtain a homogeneous series of proxy values for monthly solar wind speed for the last 100 years. We find that the strongest HSS‐active months of each solar cycle occur in the declining phase, in years 1919, 1930, 1941, 1952, 1959, 1973, 1982, 1994, and 2003. Practically all these years are the same or adjacent to the years of annual maximum solar wind speeds. This implies that the most persistent coronal holes, lasting for several solar rotations and leading to the highest annual SW speeds, are also the sources of the highest monthly SW speeds. Accordingly, during the last 100 years, there were no coronal holes of short duration (of about one solar rotation) that would produce faster monthly (or solar rotation) averaged solar wind than the most long‐living coronal holes in each solar cycle produce.
International Reference Ionosphere 2016: From ionospheric climate to real‐time weather predictions
Authors: Bilitza D. , Altadill D. , Truhlik V. , Shubin V. , Galkin I. , Reinisch B. , Huang X.
Published: February 2017

The paper presents the latest version of the International Reference Ionosphere model (IRI‐2016) describing the most important changes and improvements that were included with this version and discussing their impact on the IRI predictions of ionospheric parameters. IRI‐2016 includes two new model options for the F2 peak height hmF2 and a better representation of topside ion densities at very low and high solar activities. In addition, a number of smaller changes were made concerning the use of solar indices and the speedup of the computer program. We also review the latest developments toward a Real‐Time IRI. The goal is to progress from predicting climatology to describing the real‐time weather conditions in the ionosphere.
Space Weather Editors in Transition: Hail and Farewell
Authors: Knipp Delores J.
Published: February 2017

I hope you will join me in welcoming Dr. Daniel Welling of University of Michigan and Dr. T. Paul O'Brien of the Aerospace Corporation to the Space Weather (SWE) editorial team. Dan and Paul have answered the call to fill the shoes of two departing editors: Dr. Howard Singer and Dr. Barbara Giles. Dan brings insight related to space weather model development, while Paul brings expertise in the geospace radiation environment.
Generalized hostile interpretation bias regarding facial expressions: Characteristic of pathological aggressive behavior
Authors: Smeijers Danique , Rinck Mike , Bulten Erik , van den Heuvel Thom , Verkes Robbert‐Jan
Published: February 2017

Individuals with aggression regulation disorders tend to attribute hostility to others in socially ambiguous situations. Previous research suggests that this “hostile attribution bias” is a powerful cause of aggression. Facial expressions form important cues in the appreciation of others’ intentions. Furthermore, accurate processing of facial expressions is fundamental to normal socialization. However, research on interpretation biases in facial affect is limited. It is asserted that a hostile interpretation bias (HIB) is likely to be displayed by individuals with an antisocial (ASPD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD) and probably also with an intermittent explosive disorder (IED). However, there is little knowledge to what extent this bias is displayed by each of these patient groups. The present study investigated whether a HIB regarding emotional facial expressions was displayed by forensic psychiatric outpatients (FPOs) and whether it was associated with ASPD and BPD in general or, more specifically, with a disposition to react with pathological aggression. Participants of five different groups were recruited: FPOs with ASPD, BPD, or IED, non‐forensic patients with BPD (nFPOs‐BPD), and healthy, non‐aggressive controls (HCs). Results suggest that solely FPOs with ASPD, BPD, or IED exhibit a HIB regarding emotional facial expressions. Moreover, this bias was associated with type and severity of aggression, trait aggression, and cognitive distortions. The results suggest that a HIB regarding facial expressions is an important characteristic of pathological aggressive behavior. Interventions that modify the HIB might help to reduce the recurrence of aggression. Aggr. Behav. 43:386–397, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mitochondrion‐Anchoring Photosensitizer with Aggregation‐Induced Emission Characteristics Synergistically Boosts the Radiosensitivity of Cancer Cells to Ionizing Radiation
Authors: Yu Chris Y. Y. , Xu Huae , Ji Shenglu , Kwok Ryan T. K. , Lam Jacky W. Y. , Li Xiaolin , Krishnan Sunil , Ding Dan , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: February 2017

The first mitochondrion‐anchoring photosensitizer that specifically generates singlet oxygen (1O2) in mitochondria under white light irradiation that can serve as a highly effective radiosensitizer is reported here, significantly sensitizing cancer cells to ionizing radiation. An aggregation‐induced emission luminogen (AIEgen), namely DPA‐SCP, is rationally designed with α‐cyanostilbene as a simple building block to reveal AIE, diphenylamino (DPA) group as a strong electron donating group to benefit red emission and efficient light‐controlled 1O2 generation, as well as a pyridinium salt as the targeting moiety to ensure specific mitochondrial localization. The AIE signature endows DPA‐SCP with the capacity to visualize mitochondria in a fluorescence turn‐on mode. It is found that under optimized experimental condition, DPA‐SCP with white light does not lead to apoptosis/death of cancer cells, whereas provides an elevated 1O2 environment in the mitochondria. More importantly, increasing intracellular level of 1O2 originated from mitochondria is demonstrated to be a generic method to enhance the radiosensitivity of cancer cells with a supra‐additive synergistic effect of “0 + 1 > 1.” Noteworthy is that “DPA‐SCP + white light” achieves a high SER10 value of 1.62, which is much larger than that of the most popularly used radiosensitizers, gold nanoparticles (1.19), and paclitaxel (1.32).
Measuring Graphene Adhesion on Silicon Substrate by Single and Dual Nanoparticle‐Loaded Blister
Authors: Gao Xiangyang , Yu Xiyu , Li Buxuan , Fan Shangchun , Li Cheng
Published: February 2017

van der Waals adhesion behavior at the interface between graphene and support substrates is important to characterize the performance of graphene‐based sensors. Here an improved, general, and direct method of determining the adhesion energies of monolayer/few‐layer/multilayer graphene sheets on silicon wafers is demonstrated by measuring the debonding radius of axisymmetric blisters loaded with both one and two nanoparticles. Along with the established model for large deflection of circular membranes trapping nanoparticles at graphene–silicon interface, the adhesion energies for monolayer, 3–5 layer, and 10–15 layer graphene membranes are obtained as 0.453 J m–2, 0.317 J m–2, and 0.276 J m–2, respectively, which conform exceedingly well to the previously measured results. This presented method can be further extended to measure adhesion energies between other 2D materials and various substrates.
Theorizing Critical Placemaking as a Tool for Reclaiming Public Space
Authors: Toolis Erin E.
Published: February 2017

As economic inequality and segregation continue to grow in the U.S., psychology has an important role to play in exploring and promoting processes that can disrupt social injustice. This paper identifies the privatization of public space as a social problem that contributes to the entrenchment of social, economic, and racial inequality, and advances “critical placemaking” as a tool for reclaiming public space for public use. Drawing from key concepts in environmental psychology, narrative psychology, and community psychology, the proposed framework seeks to theorize the processes by which placemaking may contribute to transforming community narratives and building more inclusive, participatory, and democratic communities. Policy implications and future directions for empirical work are discussed.
Facilitators and barriers to the adoption of ergonomic solutions in construction
Authors: Dale Ann Marie , Jaegers Lisa , Welch Laura , Barnidge Ellen , Weaver Nancy , Evanoff Bradley A.
Published: February 2017

Background

Rates of musculoskeletal disorders in construction remain high. Few studies have described barriers and facilitators to the use of available ergonomic solutions. This paper describes these barriers and facilitators and their relationship to the level of adoption.

Methods

Three analysts rated 16 proposed ergonomic solutions from a participatory ergonomics study and assessed the level of adoption, six adoption characteristics, and identified the category of adoption from a theoretical model.

Results

Twelve solutions were always or intermittently used and were rated positively for characteristics of relative advantage, compatibility with existing work processes and trialability. Locus of control (worker vs. contractor) was not related to adoption. Simple solutions faced fewer barriers to adoption than those rated as complex.

Conclusions

Specific adoption characteristics can help predict the use of new ergonomic solutions in construction. Adoption of complex solutions must involve multiple stakeholders, more time, and shifts in culture or work systems. Am. J. Ind. Med. 60:295–305, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Oral and mandibular manifestations in the Ehlers–Danlos syndromes
Authors: Mitakides John , Tinkle Brad T.
Published: February 2017

The Ehlers–Danlos syndromes (EDS) are hereditary disorders that affect the connective tissue and collagen structures in the body. Several types of EDS have been identified. Oral and mandibular structures, which include oral soft tissue, dentition, facial and head pain, and the functioning of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), are variably affected in the various types of EDS. These various manifestations of EDS have been noted for many years, but newer diagnostic techniques and studies are shedding additional light on the challenges faced by EDS patients in the area of oral and mandibular disorders. Further, the impact of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) on musculoskeletal dysfunction and vice versa, make this an important feature to recognize. Oral and mandibular hypermobility of the TMJ with associated consequences of EDS are noted. These features, diagnostic parameters and treatment procedures are presented. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Orthopaedic management of the Ehlers–Danlos syndromes
Authors: Ericson William B. , Wolman Roger
Published: February 2017

The role of orthopedic surgery in Ehlers–Danlos syndrome is inherently controversial, opaque to most patients and many medical providers, and difficult to discern from available medical literature. Non‐operative treatment is preferable, but for carefully selected patients, specific joint stabilization and nerve decompression procedures can provide symptomatic relief when conservative measures fail. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Symmetrical broken and nonlinear response of Weyl semimetal TaAs influenced by the topological surface states and Weyl nodes
Authors: Chi Shumeng , Li Zhilin , Yu Haohai , Wang Gang , Wang Shuxian , Zhang Huaijin , Wang Jiyang
Published: February 2017

A Weyl semimetal (WSM) features Weyl fermions in its bulk and topological surface states on surfaces, and is novel material hosting Weyl fermions, a kind of fundamental particles. The WSM was regarded as a three‐dimensional version of “graphene” under the illusion. In order to explore its promising photoelectric properties and applications in photonics and photoelectronics, here, we study the anisotropic linear and nonlinear optical responses of a WSM TaAs, which are determined by the relationship and balance between its topological surface states and Weyl nodes. We demonstrate that topological surface states which break the bulk symmetry are responsible for the anisotropy of the mobility, and the anisotropic nonlinear response shows saturable characteristic with extremely large saturable intensity. We also find that the mobility is anisotropic with the magnitude of 104 cm2V−1s−1 at room temperature and can be accelerated by the optical field. By analyzing the symmetry, the nonlinear response is mainly contributed by the fermions close to the Weyl nodes, and is related to the Pauli's blocking of fermions, electron‐electron interaction. This work experimentally discovers the anisotropic ultrahigh mobility of WSMs in the optical field and may start the field for the applications of WSMs in photonics and photoelectronics.

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Festkörper‐NMR‐ und EPR‐Spektroskopie an Mn2+‐substituierten ATP‐angetriebenen Proteinmaschinen
Authors: Wiegand Thomas , Lacabanne Denis , Keller Katharina , Cadalbert Riccardo , Lecoq Lauriane , Yulikov Maxim , Terradot Laurent , Jeschke Gunnar , Meier Beat H. , Böckmann Anja
Published: February 2017

Paramagnetische Metallionen liefern strukturelle Informationen, sowohl in EPR‐ als auch in Festkörper‐NMR‐Experimenten, und ermöglichen einen vielversprechenden synergetischen Ansatz zum Studium von Biomakromolekülen. Wir demonstrieren die spektralen Konsequenzen einer Mg2+/Mn2+‐Substitution und den daraus resultierenden Informationsgehalt für zwei verschiedene ATP:Mg2+‐angetriebene Proteinmaschinen, einer im bakteriellen Replisom aktiven DnaB‐Helikase von Helicobacter pylori und dem ABC‐Transporter BmrA, einer bakteriellen Effluxpumpe. EPR‐Spektren belegen die Metallbindung und liefern Informationen über die Geometrie der Metallzentren in den Proteinen, und die in den NMR‐Spektren identifizierten paramagnetischen Relaxationsbeschleunigungen ermöglichen die Lokalisierung von Resten an der Bindungsstelle. Proteinmaschinen sind ubiquitär, und die hier beschriebenen Methoden sollten in einem breiten Kontext angewendet werden können.
A Tale of Two Elements: The Lewis Acidity/Basicity Umpolung of Boron and Phosphorus
Authors: Stephan Douglas W.
Published: February 2017

This Minireview focuses on the Lewis acidity/basicity “umpolung” of boron‐based nucleophiles and phosphorus‐based electrophiles.
RNA interference of carboxyesterases causes nymph mortality in the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri
Authors: Kishk Abdelaziz , Anber Helmy A. I. , AbdEl‐Raof Tsamoh K. , El‐Sherbeni AbdEl‐Hakeem D. , Hamed Sobhy , Gowda Siddarame , Killiny Nabil
Published: February 2017

Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae), is an important pest of citrus. In addition, D. citri is the vector of Huanglongbing, a destructive disease in citrus, also known as citrus greening disease caused by Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus. Huanglongbing causes huge losses for citrus industries. Insecticide application for D. citri is the major strategy to prevent disease spread. The heavy use of insecticides causes development of insecticide resistance. We used RNA interference (RNAi) to silence genes implicated in pesticide resistance in order to increase the susceptibility. The activity of dsRNA to reduce the expression of carboxyesterases including esterases FE4 (EstFE4) and acetylcholinesterases (AChe) in D. citri was investigated. The dsRNA was applied topically to the fourth and fifth instars of nymphs. We targeted several EstFE4 and AChe genes using dsRNA against a consensus sequence for each of them. Five concentrations (25, 50, 75, 100, 125 ng/μl) from both dsRNAs were used. The treatments with the dsRNA caused concentration dependent nymph mortality. The highest gene expression levels of both AChe and EstFE4 were found in the fourth and fifth nymphal instars. Gene expression analysis showed that AChe genes were downregulated in emerged adults from dsRNA‐AChe‐treated nymphs compared to controls. However, EstFE4 genes were not affected. In the same manner, treatment with dsRNA‐EstFE4 reduced expression level of EstFE4 genes in emerged adults from treated nymphs, but did not affect the expression of AChe genes. In the era of environmentally friendly control strategies, RNAi is a new promising venue to reduce pesticide applications.
The importance of medial‐lateral styloid process angulation/coronal plane angle in symptomatic eagle syndrome
Authors: Burulday Veysel , Akgül Mehmet Hüseyin , Bayar Muluk Nuray , Yağdiran Burak , Inal Mikail
Published: February 2017

We used three‐dimensional computerized tomography (3DCT) to obtain images of Eagle Syndrome (ES) cases and measurements of relevant variables. Twenty‐five subjects with ES and 25 controls were included in this retrospective study. Styloid process length, anterior‐posterior styloid process angulation (Sagittal plane angle) (APA), medial‐lateral styloid process angulation (Coronal plane angle) (MLA), tonsil–stiloid distance and carotid–stiloid distance were measured on CT and 3DCT images, and cranial and neck angiography was obtained, from a total of 580 images. The styloid process lengths were 40.3 and 40.5 mm on the right and left sides in the ES group. The left MLA was lower in symptomatic (Median: 67.0°) than asymptomatic (Median: 72.6°) ES patients. In ES patients with styloid process length above 3 cm, MLA (coronal plane angle) is important, and the symptoms are more intense when this angle is smaller. Clin. Anat. 30:487–491, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Organ or not? prolegomenon to organology
Authors: Neumann Paul E.
Published: February 2017

The definition of an organ is vague, so that listing and classifying human organs is problematic. The classical Greek definition of an organ as an instrumental part of the body has been supplemented in modern biology by stating that organs occupy a hierarchical level between systems and tissues. Not all anatomical entities on that level meet the requirement of a special function. Thus it appears that systems are composed of organs and connecting (or linking) structures, such as some connective tissues, various tubular entities, and nerves. Clin. Anat. 30:288–289, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Deep and superficial circumflex iliac arteries and their relationship to the ultrasound‐guided femoral nerve block procedure: A cadaver study
Authors: Ogami Keiko , Murata Hiroaki , Sakai Akiko , Sato Shuntaro , Saiki Kazunobu , Okamoto Keishi , Manabe Yoshitaka , Hara Tetsuya , Tsurumoto Toshiyuki
Published: February 2017

The in‐plane lateral to medial approach is a standard technique for ultrasound‐guided femoral nerve block (USG‐FNB). The first bifurcation of the femoral artery, which consists of the deep artery of the thigh (DAT) or occasionally the lateral circumflex femoral artery (LCFA), is regarded as the distal border for this procedure. We sometimes detect arteries along the estimated needle trajectory for USG‐FNB. The superficial (SCIA) and deep (DCIA) circumflex iliac arteries run laterally parallel to the inguinal ligament from the femoral or external iliac artery. The relationship between the SCIA and DCIA and other anatomical structures related to USG‐FNB around the femoral triangle region was studied by gross anatomical examination of 100 formalin‐fixed adult cadavers. At least one SCIA and one DCIA were identified around each femoral triangle; 81.8% of SCIA and 58% of DCIA originated from the femoral artery. All DCIA coursed between the fascia lata and fascia iliaca and 80% of SCIA penetrated the fascia lata. In 94% of femoral triangles, at least one arterial branch heading towards the lateral part of the thigh originated from the femoral artery from the level of the inguinal ligament to the first bifurcation of the femoral artery. The presence of SCIA and DCIA should be considered during USG‐FNB using the in‐plane lateral to medial approach to avoid inadvertently injuring them, as they are occasionally located along the presumed needle trajectory superficial to the fascia iliaca. Clin. Anat. 30:413–420, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Consider the cost of attorney's fees when deciding whether to settle ADA, 504 cases
Authors: Charmatz Marc
Published: February 2017

Most complaints brought under the Americans with Disabilities Act and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act end in a settlement. Perhaps the number‐one reason for settlement of discrimination cases is the right of a plaintiff to recover attorney's fees. This article looks at the attorney's fees provisions under the ADA and Section 504.
Take steps now to prepare for emergency situations at athletics events
Authors: McCarthy Claudine
Published: February 2017

Imagine one of your athletics events interrupted by a sudden, unexpected situation, such as an earthquake, a tornado warning, a roof collapse, an active shooter, a fight between teams or intoxicated spectators, or fans trampled as they rush the field. When an emergency occurs during an athletics event on your campus, you might expect to rely on your school's crisis management plan for essential guidance. But you might not realize that most crisis management plans have their limitations.
Association Update
Authors: McCarthy Claudine
Published: February 2017

The Sports Medicine Licensure Clarity Act (H.R. 302; formerly H.R. 921) was passed in the U.S. House of Representatives last month. The legislation is supported by the National Athletic Trainers' Association.
Was a university bound by its administrators' assurances of continued employment?
Authors: Gelpi Aileen
Published: February 2017

University of Wisconsin‐Oshkosh baseball coach Thomas Lechnir proposed a new stadium and offered to lead the fundraising for the project.
Lead your student‐athletes to make a difference on campus and beyond
Authors: McCarthy Claudine
Published: February 2017

When Mark DeMichael brought his school's baseball team on a mission trip to the Czech Republic one summer, he noticed a special bond developing between the student‐athletes from the various schools and teams as they ministered to others together. He left with a question lingering in his mind, “If God can bring unity to total strangers through a week of sports ministry in the Czech Republic, how big of an impact could he have on an athletics department that travels and ministers together?”