bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Antibacterial Activity of Dayak Onion Ethanol Extract (Eleutherine Palmifolia (L.) Merr) and Red Ginger (Zingiber Officinale Rosc Var. Rubrum) on Growth Gi Tract Pathogen Bacteria
Authors: Harlita Tiara Dini , Aina Ganea Qorry
Published: October 2023

Antibiotic resistance in gastrointestinal bacterial infections can be overcome by alternatives using medicinal plants such as Dayak bulbs (Eleutherine palmifolia (L.) Merr) and red ginger rhizome (Zingiber officinale Rosc. Var. Rubrum). This study aims to examine the antibacterial activity of a combination of ethanol extracts of Dayak bulbs with red ginger rhizomes and the effectiveness of the extract combinations in inhibiting the growth of Pseudomonas sp. and Bacillus sp. This research is an experimental study with a completely randomized design (CRD) of one factor, namely a combination of ethanol extract of Dayak onion tubers and red ginger rhizomes with 4 variations of concentration 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg/mL at 2 ratios of the combination of 2:1 and 3:1 for 48 experimental units. Tests were carried out on bacteria Pseudomonas sp. and Bacillus sp. in vitro with agar diffusion technique (Kirby Bauer test), while the positive control was Chloramphenicol 30 μg / mL and the negative controls were sterile aquadest. Data analysis in this study used the ANOVA test. The results showed ethanol extract of dayak onion bulbs, red ginger rhizomes, and a combination of the two extracts have antibacterial activity so which can be inhibiting the growth of Pseudomonas sp. and Bacillus sp. The combination of ethanol extract from dayak onion bulbs and has the greatest antibacterial activity at a 3:1 combination of 56.95% against the growth of Pseudomonas sp. and 109.72% against the growth of Bacillus sp.
Penyimpanan dan Penambahan Kurma Ajwa Terhadap Aktivitas Antioksidan Infused Water Stroberi dan Wortel
Authors: Dewi Luh Putu Rahayu Candra , Lestari Indah , Rahayuningsih Christ Kartika , Diarti Maruni Wiwin
Published: October 2023

Radikal bebas merupakan senyawa yang sangat reaktif dan dapat merusak molekul pembentuk sel dalam tubuh sehingga terjadi kemunduran fungsi organ dan memicu timbulnya penyakit degeneratif. Infused water merupakan alternatif dalam proses detoksifikasi radikal bebas sekaligus pemenuhan kebutuhan cairan tubuh harian. Stroberi banyak dijadikan sebagai bahan utama infused water karena kandungan vitamin C yang tinggi dan dikombinasikan dengan wortel yang kaya akan beta karoten sedangkan kurma ajwa dijadikan sebagai penambah cita rasa. Kandungan antioksidan total dalam infused water mudah mengalami degradasi fisik maupun kimia selama proses penyimpanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penyimpanan dan penambahan kurma ajwa terhadap aktivitas antioksidan infused water stroberi dan wortel. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental dengan rancangan post test only control group design yang dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Proteomik Institute Tropical Disease Universitas Airlangga dan Laboratorium Kimia AMAMI Jurusan Analis Kesehatan Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya pada bulan Oktober 2019 sampai Juni 2020. Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua kelompok infused water dengan dan tanpa penambahan kurma ajwa yang disimpan selama 0 jam sebagai kontrol, 2 jam dengan pengisian ulang pertama dan 4 jam dengan pengisian ulang kedua pada suhu ruang (±28oC) dan suhu refrigerator (±10oC). Masing - masing sampel diuji aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode DPPH yang dinyatakan dengan IC50 sedangkan untuk uji organoleptik dilakukan secara hedonik oleh panelis. Hasil analisis ANOVA menunjukkan bahwa penyimpanan dan penambahan kurma ajwa berpengaruh nyata terhadap aktivitas antioksidan infused water stroberi dan wortel (p<0,05). Aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi diperoleh dari infused water dengan penambahan kurma pada penyimpanan suhu ruang selama 2 jam dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 206,53 ppm yang menandakan aktivitas antioksidan sedang.
Development and Validation of an Educational Booklet for The Healthy Eating Management of Diabetes Mellitus During Ramadan Fasting
Authors: Larasati Meirina Dwi , Muninggar Dian Luthfita Prasetya , Firmansyah Firmansyah
Published: October 2023

Background: iabetics who decide on Ramadan fasting are at risk of complications such as hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, ketosis, or dehydration. The strategy for prevention is to provide education about managing DM with healthy food intake, medication, and exercise during Ramadan fasting. Therefore, it is essential to develop the media to implement education.Research Methods: This research was a research and development method. The model used in developing an educational booklet consists of four stages: define, design, develop, and disseminate. The feasibility of growing media was analyzed by the content validity index (CVI) using I-CV and S-CVI to assess whether the item is relevant or not relevant to the index CVI>0,80. Research Result: Define is the first stage to analyze the need for media development; based on the results of an online survey of nutritionists, as many as 71% mentioned that there were no specific educational media on healthy eating management for DM during Ramadan fasting. Design and development of educational media include literature studies on healthy eating during Ramadan fasting for DM, containing food menus during Ramadan fasting—subsequent dissemination by assessment from experts and target subjects. The assessing subject's content validity index (CVI) was carried out using the I-CV and S-CVI. The average value of I-CV is 0.875, and the average value of S-CVI is 0.875, meaning that all parts of the content are relevant in providing information about healthy eating for DM during Ramadan fasting. The reliability test by the target subject obtained Cronbach's alpha value of 0.850 was reliable. Conclusion: This booklet can be used as an educational medium for pre-Ramadan education. Then, the researchers developed this booklet by considering and improving the booklet design, which was stated to be appropriate.
Effect of Peanut Addition (Arachis hypogea) On Organoleptic Properties, Nutritional Value, and AcceptabilitySnack Peanbars for Pregnant Women in the Working Area
Authors: Rohmi Khaerukiatul , Darawati Made , Chandradewi AASP , Widiada I gde narda
Published: October 2023

Background: Snack bars, which are rectangular and contain all the nutrients humans need, can be a great option to meet the nutritional needs of pregnant women because pregnant women need a balanced and nutrient-rich intake to meet the needs of the fetus and mother. One of the most common health problems in developing countries is malnutrition among pregnant women. One of the efforts to be made is to improve the nutritional status of pregnant women by providing local food-based snacks, namelysnack peanbars.Research Methods: In this study, experiments were conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD), consisting of five treatment levels, by collecting data on organoleptic properties, data on nutrient values, and data on acceptability. Organoleptic quality was analyzed by hedonic test while the nutrient content (moisture content, ash content, protein content, fat content, and carbohydrate content) was tested in the laboratory Research Result: The results showed that adding peanuts significantly affected aroma and texture (p<0.05). The selected products are formulationsSnack Peanbars t4 (42 g peanuts) with nutritional content per 100 grams with Energy 407.8 kcal, protein 8.90 grams, fat 12.40 grams, carbohydrates 65.15 grams, water content 13.07 grams, ash content 0.47 grams. While acceptanceSnack Peanbars in pregnant women, namely 90% good acceptance and 10% poor acceptance. Conclusion: The addition of 75% peanuts (42 g) had a significant effect on the texture and aroma parameters (p<0.05), while the color and taste parameters had no significant impact (p>0.05). Snack Peanbars per 100 g contain an energy of 407 kcal, protein 8.9 g, fat 12.4 g, and carbohydrates 65.15 g—acceptability results peanbars in pregnant women with good acceptance of 90% and less acceptance of 10%.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and Nurses’ Anxiety During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Rahmini Juwi Athia , Dhamayani Sri , Widyawati Widyawati , Martiningsih Martiningsih , Cahyati Ai , Novita Dian , Budiarto Eka , Arnis Amelia
Published: October 2023

Anxiety felt by nurses is a vague fear accompanied by feelings of uncertainty, helplessness, isolation, and insecurity when performing nursing care during the Covid-19 pandemic. Nurses need personal protective equipment as a barrier against substance penetration, solid, liquid, or airborne particles to protect against injury or the spread of disease. The purpose of this study is to identify characteristics, length of work, PPE training, Psychologic services, PPE access, booster vaccination, standard PPE nurse anxiety and the correlation between PPE and anxiety on nurses in the COVID-19 room. This research is a quantitative study using a causal - comparative study design that is non-experimental (ex post facto). The sampling method used is purposive sampling technique approach with a sample of 90 respondents using data entry with demographic data sheet, PPE completeness checklist sheet to determine PPE completeness and to determine nursing anxiety using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale questionnaire. Results showed the majority of nurses were middle-aged, woman, diploma, married, working more than 2 years, have participated in PPE training, not aware of access to psychological service, experienced easy accessibility of PPE, has not received a booster vaccine, using standardized PPE and experienced mild anxiety. This study shows that there is no significant difference in mean (p value> 0.05), which means that PPE training, psychological services, access to PPE, booster vaccinations, standardized PPE did not correlate to nurses’ anxiety. The government is expected to give intervention through policies to address nurses’ anxiety and factors related to this, such as providing effective counselling services.
PEMBERIAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA DAN KADER TERHADAP PENURUNAN KECEMASAN IBU HAMIL RESIKO TINGGI DALAM MENGHADAPI PERSALINAN
Authors: Rahmawati Devi , Irmayani Irmayani , Sopiatun Rita
Published: October 2023

Kehamilan berisiko tinggi  dikaitkan dengan lebih banyak kecemasan dan depresi yang akan memperberat resiko komplikasi pada ibu dan bayinya, Pemberian dukungan sosial akan dapat menekan kecemasan dalam menghadapi persalinan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian dukungan keluarga dan kader terhadap penurunan tingkat kecemasan ibu hamil resiko tinggi dalam menghadapi persalinan diwilayah kerja Puskesmas Karang Pule tahun 2020. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi-eksperimen dalam bentuk Two group pretest-posttest without control group, penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Februari-Maret 2020. Populasi dalam penelitian ini Ibu hamil resiko tinggi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Karang Pule,  sampel penelitian yaitu 36 ibu hamil resti yang memiliki kecemasan dalam menghadapi persalinan,  data yang digunakan data primer dan sekunder. Hasil uji statistic dengan Uji wilxocon didapatkan hasil p =0,000 < α = 0,05, maka ada pengaruh dukungan keluarga dan kader terhadap kecemasan ibu hamil resti dalam menghadapi persalinan, dan dilakukan uji Levin didapatkan hasil 3.5 kali artinya dukungan keluarga 3.5 kali lebih efektif dalam menurunkan kecemasan ibu hamil resti dalam menghadapi persalinan, dibandingkan dukungan kader. Dukungan keluarga 3.5 kali lebih efektif dalam menurunkan kecemasan pada ibu hamil resiko tinggi dalam menghadapi persalinan.
PENGARUH EDUKASI DENGAN MEDIA VIDEO TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN DAN PERILAKU REMAJA UNTUK MENCEGAH KEPUTIHAN
Authors: Suwanti Suwanti , Julyartha Yesi Patria , Najahah Imtihanatun
Published: October 2023

Di Indonesia tahun 2015 sebanyak 987.012.145 jiwa sebesar 90.000 wanita berpotensi mengalami keputihan dan tahun 2016 sebanyak 999.156.124 jiwa sebesar 98.000 mengalami keputihan. Negara Indonesia adalah daerah yang beriklim tropis, sehingga jamur mudah tumbuh dan berkembang yang mengakibatkan banyaknya kasus keputihan pada perempuan Indonesia.Cara mencegah keputihan adalah memberikan pendidikan kesehatan melalui media. Media yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah media video.Tujuan Penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh edukasi dengan media video terhadap pengetahuan dan perilaku remaja untuk mencegah keputihan. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis rancangan penelitian Pre Eksperimental menggunakan one group pretest-posttest design. Populasi berjumlah 72 remaja. Sampel penelitian 35 remaja. Analisis data menggunakan Uji Wilcoxon. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan  pretest rata-rata pengetahuan sebanyak 58,11, pada posttest meningkat menjadi 75,63. Pretest rata-rata perilaku 53,20, pada posttest meningkat menjadi 67,97.Kesimpulan: Didapatkan hasil analisis pengetahuan dan perilaku remaja pvalue=0,000 (<0,05), yang artinya hipotesis diterima sehingga dinyatakan ada pengaruh edukasi dengan media video terhadap pengetahuan dan perilaku remaja untuk mencegah keputihan.
PENGARUH KONSELING MELALUI LAYANAN HOMECARE PADA IBU HAMIL TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP IBU HAMIL TENTANG KB AKDR
Authors: Saudia Baiq Eka Putri , Rusmiati Baiq , Sri Wahyuni I Gusti Ayu Putu
Published: October 2023

Latar Belakang : Di Indonesia saat ini jumlah penduduk dan laju pertumbuhan semakin meningkat. Berdasarkan data badan pusat statistik jumlah penduduk Indonesia tahun 2016 yaitu sebesar 252 juta orang dengan tingkat laju penduduk 1,3 % pertahun atau setiap tahun ada tambahan 3 juta orang. Dalam jangka panjang Indonesia berpotensi mengalami ledakan penduduk. Untuk mencegah ledakan penduduk tersebut pemerintah Indonesia mengadakan program Keluarga Berencana (KB). Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dari Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Lombok Tengah tahun 2019, jumlah akseptor KB IUD masih sangat rendah.  didapatkan masih banyak ibu-ibu hamil yang masih percaya mitos mengenai KB AKDR, sehingga perlu dilakukan pemberian konseling mengenai KB AKDR. Agar pemberian konseling lebih mudah diterima, maka peneliti memilih melakukan melalui layanan homecare, sehingga ibu lebih terbuka dan lebih nyaman berdiskusi dengan keluarganya. Tujuan : Apakah ada pengaruh konseling melalui layanan homecare pada ibu hamil terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap ibu hamil tentang KB AKDR di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Batunyala tahun 2020. Metode Penelitian : Desain penelitian ini menggunakan jenis rancangan penelitian Pre Eksperimental dengan menggunakan metode Pretest-Posttest. Penelitian di laksanakan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Batunyale.Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah sample random sampling dengan jumlah 30 Ibu Hamil. Pengumpulan data primer dilakukan dengan menggunakan lembar kuisioner berupa pre-test dan post-test tentang pengetahun dan sikap Ibu hamil mengenai KB AKDR. Hasil : Hasil uji statistik didapatkan nilai rata-rata pengetahuan dan sikap ibu hamil mengenai KB AKDR dengan analisis Uji Wilcoxon test didapatkan nilai p = 0,000 < α = 0,05 yang berarti bahwa terdapat pengaruh konseling melalui layanan homecare pada ibu hamil terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap ibu hamil tentang KB AKDR di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Batunyala tahun 2020. Kesimpulan : Terdapat pengaruh konseling melalui layanan homecare pada ibu hamil terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap ibu hamil tentang KB AKDR.
A systematic evidence map and bibliometric analysis of the behavioural impacts of pesticide exposure on zebrafish
Authors: Morrison Kyle , Yang Yefeng , Santana Manuela , Lagisz Malgorzata , Nakagawa Shinichi
Published: October 2023

Pesticides are indispensable in agriculture and have become ubiquitous in aquatic environments. Pesticides in natural environments can cause many negative impacts on aquatic species, ranging from mortality to sub-lethal physiological and behavioural changes. The complex sub-lethal impacts of pesticides are routinely tested on model species, with zebrafish (Danio rerio) being regularly used as a behavioural model. Although behavioural ecotoxicology research using zebrafish is increasing rapidly, we lack quantitative evidence to support which pesticides have been tested and how study designs are carried out. This shortcoming not only limits the deliberate planning for future primary studies to fill the knowledge gaps but also hinders evidence synthesis. To provide quantitative evidence of what pesticides are currently studied and what study designs are used, we combined a systematic evidence map approach and bibliometric analysis. This novel method has been coined research weaving and allows us to elicit gaps and clusters in our evidence base, whilst showing connections between authors and institutions. The methodology can be summarised in five primary steps: literature searching, screening, extraction, data analysis and bibliometric analysis. We identified four areas where research on the sub-lethal effects of pesticide exposure on zebrafish is lacking. First, some widely used pesticides, such as neonicotinoids, are understudied. Second, most studies do not report important elements of the study design, namely the sex and the life-stage of the zebrafish. Third, some behaviours, such as impacts of pesticide exposure on zebrafish cognition, are underexplored. And last, we revealed through the bibliometric analysis that most of the research is conducted in developed countries and there is limited cross country co-authorships. Upon identifying these gaps, we offer solutions for each limitation, emphasizing the importance of diverse global research output and cross-country co-authorships. Our systematic evidence map and bibliometric analysis provide valuable insights for helping to guide future research, which can be used to help support evidence-based policy decisions.
Seasonality mediates vital-rate responses to socially- and spatially-explicit density in an African lion population
Authors: Conquet Eva , Paniw Maria , Borrego Natalia , Nater Chloé , Packer Craig , Ozgul Arpat
Published: October 2023

Environment-density interactions have important effects on vital rates and population dynamics, especially in species whose demography is strongly influenced by social context, such as the African lion Panthera leo. In populations of such species, the response of vital rates to density can vary depending on the social structure (e.g. effects of group size or composition). However, studies assessing density dependence in populations of lions and other social species have seldom considered the effects of multiple socially-explicit measures of density, and—more particularly for lions—of nomadic males. Additionally, vital-rate responses to interactions between the environment and various measures of density remain largely uninvestigated. To fill these knowledge gaps, we aimed to understand how a socially- and spatially-explicit consideration of density and its interaction with environmental seasonality affect vital rates of lions in the Serengeti National Park, Tanzania. We used a Bayesian multistate capture-recapture model and Bayesian GLMMs to estimate lion stage-specific survival and between-stage transition rates, as well as reproduction probability and recruitment, while testing for season-specific effects of density measures at the group and home-range levels. We found evidence for several such effects. For example, resident-male survival increased more strongly with coalition size in the dry season compared to the wet season and adult-female abundance affected subadult survival negatively in the wet season, but positively in the dry season. Additionally, while our models showed no effect of nomadic males on adult-female survival, they revealed strong effects of nomads on key processes such as reproduction and takeover dynamics. Therefore, our results highlight the importance of accounting for seasonality and social context when assessing the effects of density on vital rates of Serengeti lions and of social species more generally.
Comercio internacional y diversificación de exportaciones de Colombia en países de ASEAN+3
Authors: Dorado Urbano Francisco Javier
Published: October 2023

Objetivos: El presente estudio muestra el comportamiento reciente del comercio exterior de Colombia con los países pertenecientes a Asociación de Naciones del Sudeste Asiático más China, Corea y Japón, seguido al comportamiento de la balanza comercial de Colombia en los últimos veinte años,
Métodos: Se emplea el Indicador de potencial de exportación por producto según valor y país, así como el Índice de Diversificación de exportación de productos por parte de Colombia a los países ASEAN+3 en base a metodología de Espacio de Producto del Centro de Comercio Internacional.
Resultados: Como resultados se evidencia el deterioro significativo a partir del año 2011 de la balanza comercial de Colombia principalmente con los Estados Unidos como el principal socio comercial del país a pesar de la firma del Tratado de Libre Comercio y el incremento de la devaluación del peso colombiano frente al dólar estadounidense en los últimos once años. Además, se muestran nuevas posibilidades en productos por aprovechar por parte de Colombia en esta región, que se definen en alternativas viables que permitan mejorar los resultados de comercio exterior, así como reducir la alta dependencia de las exportaciones del país en pocos productos primarios y su alta concentración en un solo mercado.
Conclusión: Existe una oferta exportadora prometedora tanto en el incremento de bienes actualmente exportados como en la creación de nuevos sectores y productos por exportar hacia los países seleccionados que pueden llegar a ser cruciales al momento de reconfigurar la estructura del comercio exterior de Colombia y con ello aportar a la solución de los problemas que se presentan en este sector.
Identificación de Staphylococcus aureus en pescado fresco "Albacora" (Thunnus alalunga) en mercados de la ciudad de Cuenca - Ecuador
Authors: Bermeo Criollo Erick Fernando , Figueroa Llivipuma Leonardo Rafael , Ortiz Tejedor Jonnathan Gerardo
Published: October 2023

Introducción: La albacora (Thunnus alalunga), se caracteriza por ser un tipo de pez el cual es una fuente de alimento especialmente por su composición nutricional. Sin embargo, al ser un producto marino es obtenido por captura manual y debido a su comercialización y almacenamiento a temperatura ambiente existe la gran posibilidad de contaminación por microorganismos perjudiciales para la salud como es el caso concreto de Staphylococcus aureus. Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia de Staphylococcus aureus en Albacora procedente de diferentes mercados de la ciudad de Cuenca - Ecuador. Metodología: Estudio observacional descriptivo, de corte transversal. Se realizó un muestreo de tipo no probabilístico por conveniencia para la obtención de 20 muestras de albacora. Resultados: Las 20 muestras recolectadas, se determinó una frecuencia de Staphylococcus aureus del 79%. Conclusión: Se evidenció la frecuencia de Staphylococcus aureus en las muestras obtenidas de albacora expendidas en puestos ambulantes, esto puede deberse a la falta de higiene y un mal procedimiento de manipulación. Área de estudio general: Microbiología de Alimentos
Concentración de diligencias para recolectar elementos de convicción en los delitos sexuales
Authors: Encalada Ludeña Dayana Lisseth , De La Vega Daniel
Published: October 2023

Introducción: El presente trabajo es descriptivo, se desarrolló bajo un enfoque cualitativo, con énfasis en una revisión bibliográfica crítica sobre las diligencias realizadas por parte de la Fiscalía General del Estado para la recolección de elementos de convicción, en la investigación de delitos sexuales. Metodología: Mediante la aplicación de los métodos: analítico-sintético, inductivo-deductivo, comparativo y dogmático, así como la técnica de la revisión bibliográfica y fichaje, se describen las referidas diligencias. Resultados: Mediante un marco conceptual de víctima, revictimización y derecho a la no revictimización, se pretende constatar si las actuaciones que se llevan a cabo en la recolección de elementos de convicción vulneran los derechos de las víctimas, especialmente, cuando son examinadas por peritos, debido a que, requieren que la víctima exponga en reiteradas ocasiones, las circunstancias que experimentó antes, durante y después de la agresión sexual. Conclusiones: Concluido el análisis, se esboza algunos criterios generales para una propuesta en donde se concentren todas las diligencias que sirven para recolectar elementos de convicción, durante la investigación de los delitos sexuales, con base en las buenas prácticas de otros países. Área de estudio general: Derecho. Área de estudio específica: Derecho procesal.
La cooperación eficaz como apoyo a la justicia penal ecuatoriana
Authors: Cobos Villa Manuel Rodrigo , Inga Yanza Julio Cesar
Published: October 2023

Objetivo. La presente investigación busca demostrar la inexistencia de una regulación o trámite escrito que permita la aplicación correcta, de la figura de la cooperación eficaz por parte del investigador, llamado en nuestro ordenamiento jurídico Fiscalía, organismo que de acuerdo con lo establecido en la Constitución de la República del Ecuador y el Código Orgánico Integral Penal, es el encargado de conducir la investigación pre procesal y procesal penal. Además de verificar si la información, datos, instrumentos o efectos suministrados por el delator es real y confiable que le permita al investigador, impedir la consumación de un delito o descubrir luego de haberse cometido a sus autores o cómplices de la infracción, para de esta manera conseguir la sanción o pena, así como una reparación integral que beneficie a la víctima y la sociedad. Metodología. se ha sustentado en la investigación cualitativa a través de datos bibliográficos, con una profundidad descriptivo explicativo y utilizando los métodos dogmático, jurídico, histórico, lógico y analítico, sintético. Resultados. La obtención de datos a través de la entrevista directa a abogados en libre ejercicio profesional. Conclusión. El fin de obtener un procedimiento o guía que permita una correcta aplicación del trámite de la figura jurídica de la cooperación eficaz por parte del agente investigador. Área de estudio general: Sistema Judicial. Área de estudio específica: Justica Penal Ecuatoriana.
TINJAUAN YURIDIS TERHADAP TINDAK PIDANA "MELAKUKAN USAHA PERTAMBANGAN TANPA IZIN USAHA PENAMBANGAN"
Authors: Salsabila Ivanka , Yulianingrum Aullia Vivi
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dasar terjadinya pertambangan ilegal di Samarinda dan untuk menganalisis penerapan izin serta sanksi terhadap pelaku usaha tambang ilegal dalam putusan 312/Pid.Sus/2019/PN Smr. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif yaitu penelitian hukum dengan menggunakan studi kepustakaan. Dasar terjadinya pertambangan illegal di Samarinda didasari oleh beberapa aspek yaitu ekonomi, sosial, dan regulasi. Aspek ekonomi membahas mengenai kebijakan birokrasi yang dianggap mahal,sulit, dan memakan waktu. Aspek sosial membahas mengenai kurangnya pengetahuan masyarakat awam terkait izin usaha pertambangan. Dan aspek regulasi membahas adanya aturan yang berubah-ubah menimbulkan tambang ilegal sebagai akibat dari regulasi yang tidak mengakomodir kebutuhan masyarakat. Dalam putusan 312/Pid.sus/2019/PN Smr menunjukkan bahwa pelaku usaha tidak menerapkan izin pertambangan sebagaimana mestinya yang tertuang dalam peraturan perundang-undangan sehingga majelis hakim PN Samarinda menjatuhkan sanksi berupa pidana penjara selama 1 (satu) tahun 6 (enam) bulan dan denda sejumlah Rp. 10.000.000, (sepuluh juta rupiah) dengan ketentuan apabila denda tersebut tidak dibayar diganti dengan pidana kurungan / penjara selama 1 (satu) bulan sebagaimana merujuk pada Pasal 158 Undang-Undang Nomor 4 Tahun 2009 (UU Minerba). Pemberian sanksi terhadap pelaku tambang ilegal ini masih berfokus pada pemberian sanksi pidana pokok yang dimana hal ini jarang memberikan efek jera bagi pelaku sehingga pemberian sanksi terhadap pelaku tambang ilegal ini dapat dilakukan dengan adanya pidana tambahan yaitu pencabutan beberapa hak tertentu misalnya berupa dicabutnya izin usaha tambang sehingga tidak boleh lagi beroperasi. Hal ini dapat menjadi sebuah terobosan hukum dalam pembaharuan hukum pidana Indonesia.
Psychedelic Aesthetics and the Body without Organs at the Limits of Perception
Authors: Pisters Patricia
Published: October 2023

This article focuses on the aesthetics of the psychedelic experience. Aldous Huxley’s Doors of Perception remains one of the few studies that investigates the aesthetic dimension of the psychedelic experience as profoundly meaningful as such, because it gives direct attention to the nonhuman otherness of the universe that is hard to describe in words, but that can be felt and sensed. Similarly, Deleuze and Guattari have investigated psychedelics as a perceptual, aesthetic, phenomenon. They argue that psychedelic aesthetics offers an experience at the limits of perception to the point of ultimate abstraction of geometric figures and grains. Drawing upon the works of two experimental filmmakers from two different generations and backgrounds, Philippe Garrel’s enigmatic Le Révélateur ( The Revealer, 1968 ) and Morgan Quaintance’s thought-provoking Surviving You, Always (2021), the borders of the perceptual field by cinematographic means will be investigated. These works are exemplary of how the nonhuman perception of the camera, its ‘bodies without organs’, and its affective intensity evoke a psychedelic, mind-revealing, experience and an ethics of – in Deleuze’s words – ‘becoming not unworthy of the event’.
Vulnerable Integrity
Authors: Ott Tabea , Dabrock Peter
Published: October 2023

This paper presents a social-theologically informed interpretation of the term integrity, as it occurs in fundamental law. It explores the manifestations of integrity violations and proceeds to draw an inference: an integrity violation can directly emanate from a misconception regarding integrity itself, as well as the implementation of protective measures that follow it. Integrity in its wholeness dimension is understood as open-endedness and non-seclusion rather than as a substantial, clearly definable characteristic of a person. This open-endedness and non-seclusion results from the relational constitution of an individual. Consequently, it follows that a violation of integrity occurs when the open-endedness and non-seclusion of a person and their relational Becoming is hindered. The new definition of integrity is particularly important when it comes to the governance of new health technologies, especially Digital Twins that can become representatives of a person. Human integrity is non-violated only when it is understood as open to relational Becoming and this Becoming shows its expression in the mutual enabling and support of self-articulation.
Engineering a dual vaccine against COVID-19 and tuberculosis
Authors: Guthrie Carlyn Monèt , Tan Xuejuan , Meeker Amber Cherry , Self Ashton Elisabeth , Liu Lin , Cheng Yong
Published: October 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus, has been one of the top public health threats across the world over the past three years. Mycobacterium bovis BCG is currently the only licensed vaccine for tuberculosis, one of the deadliest infectious diseases in the world, that is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In the past decades, recombinant M.bovis BCG has been studied as a novel vaccine vector for other infectious diseases in humans besides tuberculosis, such as viral infections. In the current study, we generated a recombinant M. bovis BCG strain AspikeRBD that expresses a fusion protein consisting of M. tb Ag85A protein and the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein using synthetic biology technique. Our results show that the recombinant M. bovis BCG strain successfully expressed this fusion protein. Interestingly, the recombinant M. bovis BCG strain AspikeRBD significantly induced SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific T cell activation and IgG production in mice when compared to the parental M.bovis BCG strain, and was more potent than the recombinant M.bovis BCG strain expressing SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD alone. As expected, the recombinant M. bovis BCG strain AspikeRBD activated an increased number of M. tb Ag85A-specific IFNγ-releasing T cells and enhanced IgG production in mice when compared to the parental M.bovis BCG strain or the BCG strain expressing SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD alone. Taken together, our results indicate a potential application of the recombinant M. bovis BCG strain AspikeRBD as a novel dual vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 and M. tb in humans.
Non-apoptotic programmed cell deaths in diabetic pulmonary dysfunction: the new side of advanced glycation end products
Authors: Dai Yimin , Zhou Shuang , Qiao Lin , Peng Zhao , Zhao Jiuliang , Xu Dong , Wu Chanyuan , Li Mengtao , Zeng Xiaofeng , Wang Qian
Published: October 2023

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder that affects multiple organs and systems, including the pulmonary system. Pulmonary dysfunction in DM patients has been observed and studied for years, but the underlying mechanisms have not been fully understood. In addition to traditional mechanisms such as the production and accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), angiopathy, tissue glycation, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation, recent studies have focused on programmed cell deaths (PCDs), especially the non-apoptotic ones, in diabetic pulmonary dysfunction. Non-apoptotic PCDs (NAPCDs) including autophagic cell death, necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and copper-induced cell death have been found to have certain correlations with diabetes and relevant complications. The AGE–AGE receptor (RAGE) axis not only plays an important role in the traditional pathogenesis of diabetes lung disease but also plays an important role in non-apoptotic cell death. In this review, we summarize novel studies about the roles of non-apoptotic PCDs in diabetic pulmonary dysfunction and focus on their interactions with the AGE–RAGE axis.
Effect of growth hormone administration on ameliorating pregnancy outcome in women with advanced maternal age and exploration of its optimized utilization
Authors: Feng Qihui , Wang Yanbin , Han Hongjing , Shen Huan
Published: October 2023

Background

Age-related fertility decay is a great challenge for clinicians. Growth hormone (GH) supplementation has been studied as an adjuvant since late 1980s. However, it has not come to a consensus on the GH administration due to the ambiguous efficacy among studies with different enrolled population and dosage regime.

Methods

A self-controlled retrospective study was conducted on women with advanced maternal age who underwent at least a previous cycle without GH (GH−) and a subsequent cycle with GH co-treatment (GH+). The ovarian stimulation parameters and outcomes were compared between the two cycles and logistical analysis was applied to further explore the association between GH administration protocol as well as other clinical parameters and cumulative live birth in GH+cycle.

Results

A total of 150 women aged 35-43 were included. The number of oocytes retrieved, MII oocytes, 2PNs, transferrable embryos and good-quality embryos in GH+ significantly increased (p < 0.001). The proportion of cycles with no transferrable embryos was significantly reduced in GH+ cycle compared with previous GH− cycle (3 vs. 32; p < 0.001). GH co-treatment cycles showed significantly higher clinical pregnancy rates (43.75% vs. 6.06%; 38.35% vs. 12.04%, p < 0.001), live birth rates (29.17% vs. 0; 27.07% vs. 0, p < 0.001) in both fresh and frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycle. Cumulative live birth rate of the GH+ cycle reached 33.33%. Use of GH prior to Gn stimulation and lasting until the hCG day seemed to achieve a higher successful live birth rate (OR 2.312, 95%CI 1.074-5.163, p=0.032).

Conclusion

GH supplementation could ameliorate pregnancy outcome in women with advanced maternal age. Dosage regimen of long-term pretreatment prior to Gn stimulation (4 IU every other day) and 4 IU per day until hCG day may of greater efficacy compared with concurrent administration with Gn. Additionally, it’s worthy of exploring whether an individualized dosage regimen based on the IGF or IGFBP level of patient would be more reasonable and effective. More well-designed prospective trials with large sample size and fundamental experiments on the mechanism are required to testify findings above.
Stanniocalcin 1a regulates organismal calcium balance and survival by suppressing Trpv6 expression and inhibiting IGF signaling in zebrafish
Authors: Li Shuang , Li Helena , Wang Zhengyi , Duan Cunming
Published: October 2023

Stanniocalcin 1 (Stc1) is well known for its role in regulating calcium uptake in fish by acting on ionocytes or NaR cells. A hallmark of NaR cells is the expression of Trpv6, a constitutively open calcium channel. Recent studies in zebrafish suggest that genetical deletion of Stc1a and Trpv6 individually both increases IGF signaling and NaR cell proliferation. While trpv6-/- fish suffered from calcium deficiency and died prematurely, stc1a-/- fish had elevated body calcium levels but also died prematurely. The relationship between Stc1a, Trpv6, and IGF signaling in regulating calcium homeostasis and organismal survival is unclear. Here we report that loss of Stc1a increases Trpv6 expression in NaR cells in an IGF signaling-dependent manner. Treatment with CdCl2, a Trpv6 inhibitor, reduced NaR cell number in stc1a-/- fish to the sibling levels. Genetic and biochemical analysis results suggest that Stc1a and Trpv6 regulate NaR cell proliferation via the same IGF pathway. Alizarin red staining detected abnormal calcium deposits in the yolk sac region and kidney stone-like structures in stc1a-/- fish. Double knockout or pharmacological inhibition of Trpv6 alleviated these phenotypes, suggesting that Stc1a inhibit epithelial Ca2+ uptake by regulating Trpv6 expression and activity. stc1a-/- mutant fish developed cardiac edema, body swelling, and died prematurely. Treatment of stc1a-/- fish with CdCl2 or double knockout of Trpv6 alleviated these phenotypes. These results provide evidence that Stc1a regulates calcium homeostasis and organismal survival by suppressing Trpv6 expression and inhibiting IGF signaling in ionocytes.
Population genetic analyses reveal host association and genetically distinct populations of social parasite Solenopsis daguerrei (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Authors: Dekovich Allyson , Ryan Sean , Bouwma Andrew , Calcaterra Luis , Silvestre Rogerio , Staton Margaret , Shoemaker DeWayne
Published: October 2023

Inquiline ant social parasites exploit other ant species for their reproductive benefit because they do not possess a worker caste. Due to their relative rarity in nature, the biology and natural history of inquilines are largely unknown. Likewise, not much research exists that details the close relationship between inquilines and their host(s), and how each organism influences the genetic structure of the other. Here, we conducted a comparative population genetics study to assess patterns of genetic structure within and among populations of inquiline Solenopsis daguerrei and its known fire ant hosts, which includes invasive Solenopsis invicta. Using nuclear and mitochondrial markers, we show that four genetically distinct groups of S. daguerrei likely exist, each with different degrees of host association. Consistent with previous inferences of the inquiline lifestyle, we find that inbreeding is common in S. daguerrei, presumably a result of intranidal mating and restricted dispersal. Results from this study, specifically host association patterns, may inform future biological control strategies to mitigate invasive S. invicta populations.
Application of single-cell sequencing to the research of tumor microenvironment
Authors: Chen Sijie , Zhou Zhiqing , Li Yu , Du Yuhui , Chen Guoan
Published: October 2023

Single-cell sequencing is a technique for detecting and analyzing genomes, transcriptomes, and epigenomes at the single-cell level, which can detect cellular heterogeneity lost in conventional sequencing hybrid samples, and it has revolutionized our understanding of the genetic heterogeneity and complexity of tumor progression. Moreover, the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in the formation, development and response to treatment of tumors. The application of single-cell sequencing has ushered in a new age for the TME analysis, revealing not only the blueprint of the pan-cancer immune microenvironment, but also the heterogeneity and differentiation routes of immune cells, as well as predicting tumor prognosis. Thus, the combination of single-cell sequencing and the TME analysis provides a unique opportunity to unravel the molecular mechanisms underlying tumor development and progression. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in single-cell sequencing and the TME analysis, highlighting their potential applications in cancer research and clinical translation.
The Arctic and the future Arctic? Soundscapes and marine mammal communities on the east and west sides of Svalbard characterized through acoustic data
Authors: Llobet Samuel M. , Ahonen Heidi , Lydersen Christian , Kovacs Kit M.
Published: October 2023

The Svalbard Archipelago, Norway, is warming rapidly, resulting in environmental change that is likely already affecting the underwater soundscape, a critical habitat feature for marine mammals. Baseline information about current sound levels is needed to monitor future changes. Fixed-location recorders were used in this study to characterize the soundscape and study the occurrence and phenology of marine mammals at two locations within Svalbard. Kongsfjorden (2017-2018), on the west coast, has already undergone vast environmental change, whereas M2 (2019-2020), on the east coast, remains more Arctic. The results of the study reveal that the soundscapes and species assemblages differed markedly west vs east. In the west, Arctic species were detected from winter to summer and migrant marine mammal species were detected occasionally through the autumn. In the east, Arctic species were detected constantly on an almost year-round basis, and a few migrant species were detected during summer. Vessels were detected more often in the west than in the east, in accordance with AIS traffic data that indicated more boat traffic in Kongsfjorden in the west than in the east of the archipelago. In terms of soundscapes, geophonies (wind, ice) were the main factors determining the sound energy at both locations. Kongsfjorden’s soundscape was characterized by glacier-melt sounds with moderate levels of anthropogenic noise and some biophonies (marine mammals). At M2, sea-ice noises shaped the soundscape, which was otherwise dominated by biophonies from Arctic marine mammals. At the east coast site there was little impact from anthropophonies (vessels). This study provides information on Svalbard’s current underwater soundscape, which is likely to be transformed in the future due to ongoing climate change, with the west coast reflecting future conditions in many Arctic regions if ship-traffic is not regulated.
Potential contribution of the gut microbiota to the development of portal vein thrombosis in liver cirrhosis
Authors: Huang Xin-yu , Zhang Ying-hui , Yi Shi-yu , Lei Lei , Ma Tao , Huang Rui , Yang Lan , Li Zhen-mao , Zhang Di
Published: October 2023

Background

Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a serious complication of liver cirrhosis (LC) and is closely related to gut homeostasis. The study aimed to investigate the composition of gut microbiota and its putative role in PVT development in LC.

Methods

33 patients with LC admitted between January 2022 and December 2022 were enrolled in this study. Based on imaging findings, they were categorized into LC without PVT (n = 21) and LC with PVT (n = 12) groups. Fecal samples were collected from each participant and underwent 16S rDNA sequencing.

Results

D-Dimer and platelet elevations were the main clinical features of LC with PVT. The alpha and beta diversity of the gut microbiota in LC with PVT group was found to be significantly higher compared to the control group. The structure of the gut microbiota was significantly different between the two groups. Based on LEfSe data, the genera Akkermansia, Eubacterium hallii group, Fusicatenibacter, and Anaerostipes were enriched in the LC with PVT, while Enterococcus, Weissella, Bacteroides, and Subdoligranulum were enriched in those of the LC subjects. Changes in microbiota structure result in significant differences in gut microbiota metabolism between the two groups. Altered levels of the microbiota genera were shown to be correlated with coagulation factor parameters. In animal experiments, the addition of Bacteroides reversed the CCl4-induced PVT.

Conclusion

Liver cirrhosis with PVT led to a disorder in the gut microbiota, which was characterized by an increase in pathogenic bacteria and a decrease in beneficial bacteria. Furthermore, modulating the gut microbiota, especially Bacteroides, may be a promising therapeutic approach to reduce the progression of PVT in LC.
Case report: Episodic ataxia without ataxia?
Authors: Gaudio Andrea , Gotta Fabio , Ponti Clarissa , Sanguineri Francesca , Trevisan Lucia , Geroldi Alessandro , Patrone Serena , Gemelli Chiara , Cabona Corrado , Astrea Guja , Fiorillo Chiara , Gustincich Stefano , Grandis Marina , Mandich Paola
Published: October 2023

Hereditary myopathies represent a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of neuromuscular disorders, characterized by highly variable clinical presentations and frequently overlapping phenotypes with other neuromuscular disorders, likely influenced by genetic and environmental modifiers. Genetic testing is often challenging due to ambiguous clinical diagnosis. Here, we present the case of a family with clinical and Electromyography (EMG) features resembling a myotonia-like disorder in which Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) analysis revealed the co-segregation of two rare missense variants in UBR4 and HSPG2, genes previously associated with episodic ataxia 8 (EA8). A review of the literature highlighted a striking overlap between the clinical and the molecular features of our family and the previously described episodic ataxias (EAs), which raises concerns about the genotype–phenotype correlation, clinical variability, and the confounding overlap in these groups of disorders. This emphasizes the importance of thoroughly framing the patient's phenotype. The more clear-cut the diagnosis, the easier the identification of a genetic determinant, and the better the prognosis and the treatment of patients.
Circadian-like patterns in electrochemical skin conductance measured from home-based devices: a retrospective study
Authors: Vittrant Benjamin , Courrier Violaine , Yang Rui-Yi , de Villèle Paul , Tebeka Samuel , Mauries Sibylle , Geoffroy Pierre A.
Published: October 2023

In this study, we investigated the potential of electrochemical skin conductance (ESC) measurements gathered from home-based devices to detect circadian-like patterns. We analyzed data from 43,284 individuals using the Withings Body Comp or Body Scan scales, which provide ESC measurements. Our results highlighted a circadian pattern of ESC values across different age groups and countries. Our findings suggest that home-based ESC measurements could be used to evaluate circadian rhythm disorders associated with neuropathies and contribute to a better understanding of their pathophysiology. However, further controlled studies are needed to confirm these results. This study highlights the potential of digital health devices to generate new scientific and medical knowledge.