bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study of Cervical Pap Smear and Visual Inspection of The Cervix To Detect Premalignant Disease of The Cervix
Authors: Khalil Rozhan Yassin , Abdolrahman Qader Khanda
Published: July 2020

The goal of current study is to compare visual inspection method of the cervix by using acetic acid sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values with Pap smear test values. This cross sectional study was obtained in Sulaimani city Kurdistan region at Maternity Teaching Hospital throughout the period (first September 2012) to (first February 2001). This study include 115 samples were reproductive women and premenopausal  between ages 20-50 years old with symptomatic women ( vaginal discharge, dyspareunia, post coital bleeding , intermenestrual bleeding ) and prepared patients for a Pap smear test done for them. The cervix was painted with 5% concentration of acetic fluid for visual inspection method and monitored for aceto-white wounds and biopsies were taken from suspected areas. After that, the samples in 95% concentration of the ethyl alcohol were fixed. The results shows that, 114 samples among all other samples were appropriate  for analyzing, statistical data analyzed by Epi Info software program and Chi-squared test used to find significance between variables with considering P-value less or lower than 0.05 as significant level. The result indicate that sensitivity rate was 16% for visual inspection method, specificity 71%, positive predictive value 3.13% and negative predictive value 93.9% to detect pre-cancerous lesion of the cervix. In conclusion, cervix visual inspection method for cancer had a low rate sensitivity compare with pap smear with a non-significant relationship between the two methods and Pap smear needed to conform visual inspection for cervical cancer.
Measuring Service Quality of Bus Services in Sulaimani City
Authors: Ibrahim Niyan Hussien , Mohammed-Amin Rozhen Kamal , Ali Alan Faraydoon
Published: July 2020

This research paper presents a descriptive model to assess the quality of bus services by measuring passengers’ satisfaction in Sulaimani city. Transportation facilities are enlivening the economic activities of any country. Public transportation services are an important aspect of any urban transportation system, as they provide mobility for a number of passengers to different destinations in different directions at the same time via one transportation facility. Public transportation is considered a sustainable mode of transportation. This study intends to assess the services’ quality and identify the challenges to sustainable development in public transportation in order to achieve sustainable development for the current public transportation system. A passenger survey was conducted in order to assess the level of service quality including 300 participants. The study depends mainly on the passengers’ survey, as well as interviews and personal observations for data collection. SPSS software and GIS are used for Data analysis. The results show the outcomes of the assessment process of the current system based on passenger’s opinions. The results reveal the system’s aspect in detail which is further clarified in the conclusion. The paper recommends several steps to be adopted in order to improve the current public transportation system in Sulaimani and other cities, it also suggests future studies that can integrate with this study and contribute in achieving its goal
Assessment of Medication Use by Publics in Sulaimani Province
Authors: Enayat Kamal Aziz , Hama Salih Mariwan Abdulla , Babakir-Mina Muhammed
Published: July 2020

Drug uses is a multi-step process starting from consulting doctor, prescribing, ordering and using via individual either public or healthcare staff for therapeutic reasons. This process can be problematic for several reasons, especially in developing countries due to easily access to medications, self-diagnosis and people recommendation for certain cases. The aims of the present study were to assess the practice and attitude of medication uses and the knowledge about medication advantage and their risks by publics in Sulaymaniyah province. Then to build correlations between demographic characteristics and medication uses, in order to show the main impact of widely used medication on public health status. Finally, to provide community with statistical data about the level of knowledge, attitude and practice KAP in this region. The overall six hundred participant from the average of ten locations between governmental and privates hospitals and pharmacies as well as clinics were selected from central city and towns for data collection. The majority of participants were public from different background. The present study concluded that the 60 percentage of the participant were lack of adequate knowledge about the ability for differentiation between analgesic and antibiotic medications. The results of the current study showed inappropriate practices and attitudes that contribute to increasing health risks. It is also found that 72 percentage of participant who use prescription only drugs such as antibiotics can be possibly stopped after situation disappeared. This study also investigated several reasons for inappropriate practice, such as wrong believes with irregular consumption of medications, illiteracy, poor health services in terms of pharmacies and healthcare staff as well as easy access to most of the types of medications. Therefore, effort by governmental authorities is urgent toward reducing the risk of the situation, and negative consequences regarding inappropriate practice toward patient care in the region.
Penerapan Algoritma ID3 Untuk Menyeleksi Pegawai Kontrak Di Kantor Pengadilan Kota Langsa
Authors: Choina Isna , Aulia Rachmat , Zakir Ahmad
Published: July 2020

Sistem kerja kontrak terjadi pada semua jenis industri dengan waktu yang tidak ditentukan. Termasuk di kantor pengadilan kota langsa dimana jumlah karyawan kontrak sudah harus di kurangi. Maka perlu dilakukan adanya penyeleksian karyawan kontrak berprestasi agar dapat di pertahankan di kantor  pengadilan kota langsa, dengan melihat ketentuan dan syarat yang telah di tetapkan. Namun penentuannya pada saat ini masih kurang tepat dan butuh banyak waktu, di karenakan penulisan dan perhitungan hasilnya masih dilakukan secara bertahap. Sehingga adanya kemungkinan kesalahan dalam memutuskan hasil akhirnya. Berdasarkan permasalahan yang telah di jelaskan  tersebut maka, perlu adanya solusi pemecahan masalah. Penelitian ini dapat membantu perusahaan dalam memilih karyawan berprestasi dengan tepat  menggunakan pemrograman Visual basic 2010 dan menggunakan algoritma ID3 (Iterative dichotomiser three) yang menghasilkan pohon keputusan.
Revolutionary Events in Russia in the Press of the Prairie Provinces of Canada
Authors:   Far East Federal University, Bandilet Sergei Viktorovich
Published: July 2020

This paper discusses the perception of revolutionary events in Russia, the February and the October revolutions in particular, in newspapers of three Prairie provinces of Canada (Alberta, Manitoba and Saskatchewan). These events were perceived by the press of West Canada (as well as the press of other Canadian regions) rather ambiguously - perception of the February and October events was diametrically opposite. The February revolution was greeted by the press of the Canadian West with enthusiasm. Newspapers welcomed the overthrow of Russian autocracy, and hoped that new Russian democratic regime would be able more effectively fight against Germany. The Tsarist regime was sharply criticized by the Western Canadian press. Tsar’s government was blamed for ignoring democratic freedoms, the bureaucratization of the state apparatus and, in particular, the collapse of the army. For the Prairie’s provincial press, the most important was precisely the question of whether Russia could continue to participate in the war - the success of the Canadian forces in the Western Front directly depended on the effectiveness of Russians troops in the Eastern Front. Both the establishment of democracy in Russia and hopes for a turnaround on the Eastern Front were associated by the West Canadian press with the name of the Chairman of the Provisional Government - A. F. Kerensky. However, he could not live up to expectation of Canadians - his popularity fell sharply after the failure of the July offensive by the Russian army. Nevertheless, after the events of October 1917, the press of Western Canada completely sided with the ousted Provisional Government, sharply criticizing the actions of the Bolsheviks. This was due, in many respects, to their negative reputation. Since before the October Revolution press of the Prairie’s provinces portrayed them as dangerous radicals. After October 1917 in Western Canadian newspapers a large-scale anti-Bolshevik campaign started. The Bolsheviks was accused of establishing a dictatorship in Russia, suppressing dissent and, in particular, close cooperation with Germany. Thus, the newspapers of three Western Canadian provinces perceived the two Russian revolutions in completely different ways: the February Revolution was enthusiastically accepted by them, while the October Revolution was rejected.
Patience as a Russian National Feature
Authors:   Don State Agrarian University, Andrey Fedorovich Andrey Fedorovich , Polomoshnov Lev Andreevich ,   Southern Federal University
Published: July 2020

In the conditions of the permanent and diverse challenges of our time, threatening socio-political stability and the dynamic development of Russian society, the problem of patience as a national Russian trait is being actualized. The authors analyze the concept of patience that has developed in Russian philosophical self-consciousness and its correspondence to the real mass consciousness of the population. Objective and subjective patience are considered depending on the subject of patience. A distinction is also made between two modes of patience: passive humility and active, creative endurance, strength of mind. In the Russian national discourse, patience is seen as an element of the basic complex of traits of a national character, closely associated with Orthodox religiosity, patrimonialism, and humanism. The thesis is substantiated that there is an incomplete correlation between the philosophical concept of patience and modern Russian reality. The paradoxical loyalty of the population in the conditions of long-term social frustration of its basic social needs is determined by effective technologies for controlling mass consciousness.
Application of the Entropy Principle in the Flow Processes of the Culture
Authors:   Saratov State Conservatoire, Malshina Nataliya Anatolievna
Published: July 2020

It is possible to discover the entropic theory of dynamical systems in flow processes and apply it to the cultural industry. The optimal use of available resources by the dynamic system determines the basis for the creation of an organizational and economic mechanism for the development of the cultural industry in the future. The levels of resource provision for the cultural industry are defined: the necessary one is the social level of resources, at which the system is able to provide solutions to more than 1% of tasks, but not exceeding 80%; the sufficient level is the absolute, the stability factor of the cultural industry. Active cultural service begins to operate after the removal of the obstacle restrains, but passive cultural services are characterized by a force of resistance or inertia. Coordination of existing and newly created elements of the cultural industry using an integration methodology that provides end-to-end analytical and optimization communication of resource flow processes can be represented as an algorithm for managing the strategic logistics support of the integration process.
Phenomen of «Adygstvo»: Concept and Essence
Authors:   Kabardino-Balkarian State University, Ashnokova Larisa Mukhamedovna , Namitokova Marzijat Nurbievna ,   Kuban State Technological University
Published: July 2020

The study gives a scientific and philosophical interpretation of the spiritual essence of Adygs. The novelty of the study is in the analysis of the phenomenon of “adygstvo” (адыгагъэ) – a system of moral values and guidelines of Adygs through the philosophical category of “understanding”. The authors propose supplementing the fundamental elements of the Adyghe ethics with the term “shhyak1o” (шъхьак1о) – a collective term that incorporates everything that belittles, detract, or encroaches on the honor and dignity of the Adyghes. The importance of preserving and following one's cultural code in the context of globalization and the need to overcome the culture gap in their daily manifestation by representatives of various ethnic groups are noted. The importance of maintaining and following its cultural code in the context of globalization is noted; the need to overcome cultural gaps in their daily manifestation by representatives of various ethnic groups. The materials and conclusions of the article can be used in the field of regional culture and the process of cultural self-determination of the Adyghes.
Activity of the Amur Regional Branch of the All-Union Society "Znanie" (“Knowledge”) at the Formation Stage (1948 – early 1950s)
Authors:   the Marshal of the Soviet Union K. K. Rokossovsky  Far Eastern Higher Combined Arms  Command School, Nikitina Irina Vyacheslavovna
Published: July 2020

The present study is the first one to examine the history of development of the Amur regional branch of the All-Union society “Znanie” (“Knowledge”) in the early period (1948 – early 1950s). There is described the significance of the society’s activity at the initial stage in promoting the state interests in regions. The study covers the issues related to organizational, methodological, financial and other difficulties of local (republican, regional, etc.) departments at the stage of development of educational activities. The emphasis is placed on specific issues which the Amur regional branch of the society “Znanie” (“Knowledge”) faced at that time, related to the territorial remoteness of regions from the center of the country, their border location and general economic backwardness. The conducted analysis of the archival records shows that despite the objective difficulties the considered Department coped with the set goals at the stage of its development. The quantitative and qualitative growth of its performance indicators was also observed.
Encouraging Sustainable Environment Using Bicycle Sharing System in University Campus, Bangkok
Authors: Yan JinHai
Published: July 2020

Chulalongkorn University (CU) is the oldest university in Thailand. In the campus, it provides various environmentally friendly transportation modes such as shuttle buses, EV sharing vehicles, bicycles, and cover way for walking. Students today need convenient and fast commuting in the campus. As a new emerging way for students using, bike-sharing system (BSS) has been provided in the campus since 2014. However, the BSS in CU is still not so efficient and unpopular. This research aims to find out how to encourage the use of on-campus BSS in CU by using various research methods including interview, questionnaires and observation plans, and the researcher own experiences on using BSS in the campus. The survey results indicate that only 2% used bicycle for traveling from accommodation to the university; the most popular transportation mode was MRT/BTS, followed by public bus for graduate students, and by walking for undergraduate students. This implies that most of the respondents preferred public transportation rather than using their own cars or motorcycles. Upon questions about the preferring on-campus transportation modes, it was found that nearly half preferred using shuttle bus, followed by walking, while only 2.4% prefer using BSS. The university should raise awareness of the students to realize advantages of the BSS and providing more opportunities for students to know the bike-sharing system. Then, the university should improve the quality of the sharing bikes and motivate more students to use the system.Keywords: Bike-sharing system; University campus; Encouraging using
Health and Physical Activity in Urban Neighbourhoods. Case Study: Shah Alam City, Selangor, Malaysia
Authors: Ling Oliver Hoon Leh , Mohamed Musthafa Siti Nur Afiqah , Hamzah Muhammad Solahuddin , Marzukhi Marlyana Azyyati , Mabahwi Nurul Ashikin
Published: July 2020

Environmental health is referring to the health of people in relation to environmental quality. Due to rapid urbanisation, more people are living in urban neighbourhoods. Urban planning and design aspects including the neighbourhood environment are potentially affecting the human healthy lifestyle and health condition. Thus, the relationship between Malaysian neighbourhood environmental aspects and human health has become the concern of this research. One of the neighbourhood units in Shah Alam city had been chosen as the study area for this purpose. Questionnaire survey had been carried out to examine the health condition and physical activeness of residents. Besides, the perception of residents on the quality of neighbourhood environmental aspects also had been collected in the questionnaire survey. The health condition of residents was measured by non-communicable diseases (NCD) and the physical activeness was measured in duration as well as the frequency of physical exercise activities. The study found that the quality of neighbourhood environmental aspects significantly increased the physical activeness of respondents. The physical activeness was positively associated with human health as measured in NCD (heart diseases and high blood pressure, HBP). It shows that neighbourhood environmental (physical and social) aspects are potentially affecting the healthy life of people living in the neighbourhood.Keywords: Healthy life, Neighbourhood environment, Non-communicable diseases (NCD), Physical activeness, Quality.
SUCCESS FACTORS FOR STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENT FOR PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS
Authors: Kaharuddin Sakinah Khalidah , Adnan Hamimah , Baharuddin Har Einur Azrin
Published: July 2020

Public-Private Partnership (PPP) has been identified as a procurement method that brings the public and private sectors together to facilitate the delivery of infrastructure projects and services. PPP manages complex projects and involves multiple stakeholders. Stakeholders in the PPP project need to be properly managed to achieve the project goals, minimising risk and accommodate stakeholder interest. Stakeholder management is about the relationship between organisation and its stakeholders. Poor management of stakeholder could lead to project failure. This paper aims to identify the success factors for stakeholder management in PPP infrastructure projects in Malaysia. A qualitative methodology which involved structured interviews with expert panels in PPP was conducted to validate the stages obtained from the primary and secondary data. The findings highlighted on the four (4) stakeholder management stages which involves stakeholder analysis, stakeholder engagement, stakeholder management action plan and stakeholder management monitoring. The needs for a having a clear understanding of the role of the project among stakeholders is crucial. Good stakeholder engagement is an essential part of project stakeholders’ engagement. It also appears that the regulatory plan would be implication to contribute stakeholder management to achieve the success of PPP project. In addition, stakeholder must monitor the work on site in order to achieve project success. The success factors towards achieving a successful stakeholder management process have been identified. Improvement in these stages will lead towards better presentation and improvement of the success factors of stakeholder management process in PPP infrastructure projects in Malaysia.Keywords: Stakeholder Management; Public-Private Partnerships, Stakeholder Management stages
Faktor Keagamaan Dan Sikap: Perkaitan Dengan Pencarian Maklumat Produk Makanan Halal Dalam Kalangan Keluarga Islam Di Malaysia
Authors: Adzharuddin Nor Azura , Yusoff Siti Zanariah
Published: July 2020

Maklumat merupakan satu input kognitif yang diperlukan oleh setiap individu. Umumnya, seseorang mencari maklumat berkaitan aspek kesihatan, teknologi, pertanian dan ilmu lain, namun kajian ini ingin melihat pencarian maklumat berkaitan produk makanan halal. Dalam konteks lambakan dan kecelaruan maklumat produk halal di pasaran, setiap individu Muslim sewajarnya lebih peka dalam setiap tindakan, terutamanya apabila melibatkan aspek makanan halal. Kajian ini memfokuskan kepada faktor yang menentukan aktiviti pencarian maklumat iaitu, faktor keagamaan dan sikap terhadap produk halal. Kajian ini berbentuk kuantitatif dengan menggunakan borang soal selidik sebagai instrumen. Kajian yang dilakukan di Bangi, Selangor ini melibatkan 340 buah keluarga Muslim yang diwakili oleh dua orang ahli keluarga iaitu ibu atau bapa dan anak melalui persampelan bertujuan. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan keluarga Muslim bersikap positif terhadap produk makanan halal dan prihatin akan setiap isu yang melibatkan produk makanan halal. Bagi faktor keagamaan pula, didapati ibu bapa dan anak-anak memiliki tahap keagamaan yang tinggi berdasarkan aspek yang diukur. Hasil kajian diharap dapat menambah pengetahuan kepada semua lapisan masyarakat Muslim dan menjadi indikator kepada penyelidikan tentang pencarian maklumat produk halal. Dari sudut empirikal, kajian ini diharapkan mengembangkan lagi pencarian maklumat mengenai produk halal secara menyeluruh pada masa akan datang bagi memenuhi tuntutan agama ke atas setiap Muslim.
The Quadruple Helix Communication Model in Yogyakarta’s Creative City Development
Authors: Prayudi Prayudi , Ardhanariswari Kartika Ayu , Probosari Ninik
Published: July 2020

Developing a creative city is a challenge that requires the collaboration of all creative actors. It is challenging when the development of creative cities adopts the quadruple helix model. The study was essential to introduce the quadruple helix communication model. It employed a qualitative research method to understand how each creative actor communicates and collaborates in the development process of Yogyakarta as a creative city. The result found that the proposed quadruple helix communication model was the development of the transactional communication model. This model emphasized the provision of space for both one way-way and two-way communication to emerge. The quadruple helix communication model helped the development planning of Yogyakarta as a creative city. The use of one-way or two-way communication related to the achieved goal: to inform, consult, collaborate, or empower. Further, this model identified the role of each creative actor in Yogyakarta in developing the creative city.
Google Trends and Information Seeking Trend of COVID-19 in Indonesia
Authors: Limilia Putri , Pratamawaty Benazir Bona
Published: July 2020

WHO has declared COVID-19 as a pandemic due to its rapid increase in cases outside China. COVID-19 has also affected a growing number of countries. However, the Indonesia government responded to the declaration in a not-serious manner, which has generated uncertainty circumstance among its public. This circumstance has driven people to consume information as much as they are possible to consume. This study aims to map out the trend of information-seeking concerning COVID-19 in Indonesia using Google Trends and to compare it to the information available on Indonesia's Ministry of Health official website from January until March. This study was descriptive quantitative, which used Google Trends as data collection tools. The research found that information seeking concerning COVID-19 has been increasing since the end of January. Government statements were found as the trigger of the information-seeking activity escalation and also served as the reason behind different information-seeking trends each month.
Identifikasi Pemasaran Pariwisata Hijau di Kawasan Ekowisata Mangrove Wonorejo, Kota Surabaya
Authors: Chrissanty Nadi , Sukma Arida I Nyoman
Published: July 2020

Kawasan Ekowisata Mangrove Wonorejo (KEMW) is one of the tourist mangrove forests located in the East Coast region of Surabaya. The purpose of this field research was to identify tourism products owned by KEMW, as well as to analyze the form of product marketing that had been implemented in the KEMW. The analytical method in this study uses a type of qualitative-descriptive analysis, namely research that describes or describes the object of research based on facts that appear or as they are. The data sources used are derived from primary data and secondary data. Theories and concepts used are the concept of ecotourism, the definition of mangrove forests, the concept of tourism products, the limits of the definition of marketing, and the concept of Green Tourism Marketing (GTM). The results of this study explain that KEMW has 3 (three) main attractions Environmental Education Tourism, Sport Tourism, and Culinary Tourism and Other Local Products, with 4 (four) zones namely Mangrove Zone, Tourism Zone, Recipient Zone and Support Zone. KEMW has sufficient supporting facilities and in terms of accessibility, KEMW is easily accessible both in terms of information and accommodation. Based on the application of the concept of Green Tourism Marketing (GTM), KEMW has fulfilled almost all indicators, both in terms of local communities, tourists, government, and local tourism businesses. KEMW is also considered to have succeeded in applying the concept of ecotourism that pays attention to ecological conditions and focuses on sustainable tourism.

Keyword: Ecotourism, Kawasan Ekowisata Mangrove Wonorejo, Green Tourism Marketing
Analisis Psikoligis Novel Negeri 5 Menara Karya Ahmad Fuadi
Authors: Aziz Abdul
Published: July 2020

Sastra merupakan gambaran hasil rekaan seseorang dan menghasilkan kehidupan yang diwarnai oleh sikap. Dengan demikian karya sastra dapat di dekati dengan menggunakan pendekatan psikologis. Masalah penelitian ini tentang psikologis yang terkandung dalam novel Negeri Lima Menara Karya Ahmad Fuadi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui deskripsi gambaran psikologis tokoh Alif dari Novel Negeri Lima Menara karya Ahmad Fuadi yang berjumlah 425 halaman. Penerbit PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama, Jakarta. 2009. Data penelitian ini adalah gambaran psikologis tokoh Alif. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan analisis kualitatif dengan mendeskripsikan gambaran psikologis tokoh Alif dalam Novel Negeri Lima Menara Karya Ahmad Fuadi dengan Pendekatan Psikologis. Metode ini didasarkan atas pertimbangan akan adanya kesesuaian antara bentuk penelitian dan tujuan penelitian. Instrument penelitian dilakukan dengan studi dokumentasi. Studi dokumentasi dilakukan terhadap Novel Negeri Lima Menara Karya Ahmad Fuadi dengan Pendekatan Psikologis. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat diperoleh informasi bahwa gambaran tokoh Alif yaitu, pemarah, pencemas, penakut, depresi, ragu dan bimbang.
Tuturan Besipung Suku Paser Pematang Kabupaten Paser Kalimantan Timur Ditinjau dari Aspek Puisi Lama dan Nilai Budaya
Authors: . Mursalim
Published: July 2020

Bangsa Indonesia adalah bangsa yang besar, bangsa yang terdiri dari berbagai suku dan latar belakang budaya yang beraneka ragam. Keanekaragaman itu ditandai dengan kehidupan sosial budaya yang khas dari setiap suku.Kekhasan inilah yang meliputi semua aspek kehidupan latar belakang kebudayaan.Seperti suku bangsa lainnya di daerah Paser juga memiliki kekayaan budaya adat istiadat, dan seni. Namun, kekayaan yang dimiliki oleh suku Paser tersebut tidak terlalu dikenal oleh masyarakat luas, sehingga dikuatirkan akan tergeserkan dengan budaya modern, terutama upacara budaya pengobatan besipung. Itulah sebabnya peneliti mencoba meneliti penelitian yang berjudul “Tuturan Besipung Suku Paser Pematang Kabupaten Paser Kalimantan Timur Ditinjau dari Aspek Puisi Lama dan Nilai Budaya.Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk memberikan informasi kepada masyarakat pembaca mengenai tuturan besipung Suku Paser ditinjau dari aspek puisi lama dan nilai budaya.Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif yaitu mendeskripsikan dan mendokumentasikan upacara besipung suku Paser ditinjau dari aspek puisi lama dan nilai budaya. Selanjutnya aspek-aspek materi yang akan dipaparkan dari hasil penelitian dalam penulisan makalah ini adalah seperti berikut: (1) pendahuluan, (2) pembahasan dan uraian yang meliputi; bentuk tuturan Besipung Suku Paser ditinjau dari aspek puisi lama; hubungan upacara Besipung Suku Paser dengan nilai-nilai budaya, (3) penutup.
Variasi Bahasa Sunda di Daerah Pesisir Jabar Selatan
Authors: Soraya Afsari Asri , Muhtadin Teddi
Published: July 2020

Setiap bahasa di dunia memiliki variasi. Bentuk variasi bahasa dapat dibedakan berdasarkan letak geografis, sosial, dan temporal. Bahasa Sunda sebagai salah satu bahasa daerah di Indonesia memiliki pula variasi tersebut. Secara geografis, bahasa Sunda yang berada di daerah pegunungan memiliki perbedaan dengan bahasa Sunda di daerah pesisir (pantai). Begitu pun bahasa Sunda yang berada di pesisir Jabar Utara memiliki perbedaan pula dengan bahasa Sunda di pesisir Jabar Selatan. Pangandaran merupakan salah satu wilayah yang ada di lintasan pantai Jabar Selatan. Daerah ini banyak didatangi oleh penduduk yang berasal dari Jawa, seperti Cilacap yang menyebrang ke daerah Jawa Barat. Awalnya para pendatang hanya melakukan perdagangan dan mengadu nasib. Seiring waktu para pendatang tersebut kemudian menikah dengan warga asli dan menetap di Pangandaran. Kehadiran para pendatang tentu membawa banyak pengaruh pada kehidupan masyarakat yang ada di Pangandaran, tidak terkecuali dalam hal bahasa dan budaya. Bahasa Sunda yang digunakan di daerah Pangandaran memiliki karakteristik sendiri. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian makrolinguistik bidang dialektologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk-bentuk variasi bahasa Sunda yang ada di daerah Pangandaran. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut digunakan metode lapangan melalui teknik wawancara informan dan metode survei melalui penyebaran koesioner.
Re-Implementasi Mata Kuliah Esp Sebagai Support Value Bagi Peningkatan Kemampuan Daya Saing Mahasiswa di Dunia Kerja
Authors: Widiastutik Sri
Published: July 2020

English for specific purposes (ESP) pada mata kuliah bahasa Inggris khususnya di STMIK STIKOM INDONESIA sesuai dengan jurusan yang ditempuh oleh mahasiswa. Sejak tahun 2009 hingga tahun 2013 mata kuliah ESP ini pernah diterapkan dan tidak diteruskan karena terjadi pembaharuan RPS yang mengacu pada standar kurikulum di STMIK STIKOM INDONESIA. Pada awal tahun 2016, berdasarkan pelaksanaan kurikulum yang baru pada mata kuliah Bahasa Inggris khususnya, dan mempertimbangkan pentingnya bahasa Inggris dalam meningkatkan daya saing di bidang teknologi maka penerapan mata kuliah ESP menjadi salah satu mata kuliah yang sangat diperlukan dan patut untuk diterapkan kembali. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis dengan populasi adalah seluruh mahasiswa STMIK STIKOM INDONESIA tahun ajaran 2016 – 2017 dengan sampel pada dua kelas dari mahasiswa semester 6 dengan jumlah 40 responden. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara: 1) pengamatan, 2) kuesioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 85% mahasiswa mendukung penerapan kembali mata kuliah ESP,  hasil tersebut dikategorikan menjadi empat aspek penilaian, antara lain; 1) Kesadaran terhadap pentingnya bahasa Inggris terhadap masa depan mereka (92,33%), 2) Ketidakcukupan nilai mata kuliah bahasa Inggris (74,50%), 3) Kebutuhan mahasiswa terhadap ESP (87,83%), dan 4) Ketertarikan mahasiswa mempelajari bahasa Inggris (86,42%), 5) Penempatan mata kuliah ESP pada semester IV oleh 52,5% responden, menyusul 25% pada semester V. Penyusunan RSP pada materi ESP disesuaikan dengan mata kuliah pada jurusan yang ditempuh.
An investigation on printability of different solvent based inks by gravure printing onto various substrates
Authors:   Marmara University, School of Applied Sciences, Department of Printing Technologies, Istanbul – Turkey, Ozcan Arif , Zulfigaroglu Rasim ,   Marmara University, Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences, Department of Printing Technologies, Istanbul – Turkey
Published: July 2020

Gravure printing is an intaglio printing process, the image to be printed is engraved on the surface of the gravure cylinder, so that the image to be printed is embedded into the surface. The places engraved in the cylinder during printing are filled with ink, surplus of ink is stripped by a blade and separated for reuse. Print quality consistency and efficiency is high in gravure printing. It is also possible to print on different substrates. Ink systems, viscosity, surface properties of substrate material and dot structures on the gravure cylinder are the main factors that determine the print quality. Appropriate inks can be chosen depending on the material to be printed and finished product used area. Mostly solvent based inks are used. The aim of this study is to determine the solvent that can enable higher quality printing on different substrates, which are frequently used in the gravure printing system, and to investigate the conditions under which the ink-substrates interface relationship can be the best in terms of printability.In this study, IGT F1 laboratory type gravure testing machine was used. Polyethylene and polypropylene printable films are used as the substrate materials. Three different solvent-based inks are used, prepared with ethyl alcohol, ethyl acetate and isopropyl alcohol. Density, contact angle, surface energy and gloss properties of the printed materials were examined. The printability properties of selected substrates and inks have been determined.
Competencies of the present-day Graphic Designer: A document analysis of online job ads in Ghana
Authors:   University of Education,Department of Graphic Design, Winneba, Ghana, Opoku Nicholas , Appiah Edward ,   Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology,Department of Communication Design, Kumasi, Ghana, deGraft-Yankson Patrique ,   University of Education,Department of Graphic Design, Winneba, Ghana
Published: July 2020

This study sought to provide an overview of the competencies required by employers in advertising for graphic design position in relation to inter-active design in Ghana. This was done in the context of the dynamism of graphic design profession with current technological advances. Both thematic and content analysis were used to analyse online job advertisements collected within eight months to determine the patterns and frequencies of occurrence of specific requirements for the job position relating to graphic design. This was to better understand employers’ expectations from the graphic designer in terms of designing for interactivity and the implications for graphic design pedagogy. Findings from the study revealed that, traditional graphic designers in Ghana will now have to acquire skills in interactive design and competencies associated with them. These include among others, responsive design, problem-solving, coding skill, software skills, creativity, CMS tools, project management and personal characteristics. Beyond these, request for skills in coding, knowledge in responsive design, knowledge in content management system tools, software skills and teamwork are the most frequently expected skills from the present day graphic designer. We end the paper by suggesting how our study could trigger graphic design pedagogy developmen
Tone Reproduction Curve: rendering intents and their realization in halftone printing
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Institute of Cinema and Television, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Kuznetsov Yuri V. , Schadenko Andrey A. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Industrial Technology and Design, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Vaganov Vycheslav V. ,   St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
Published: July 2020

Approaches to determining the Tone Reproduction Curve (TRC) which provides the reliable transfer of visual information in typical conditions of the halftone gray scale compression in relation to dynamic range of a graphic original or input image file are overviewed. The issues of such curve realization are also analyzed with taking into account the specifics of multiple stages of illustrative printing technology.
VIETNAMESE NON-ENGLISH MAJOR EFL UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ RECEPTIVE KNOWLEDGE OF THE MOST FREQUENT ENGLISH WORDS
Authors: Ngoc Yen Dang Thi
Published: July 2020

The receptive knowledge of 442 non-English major university students in a General English program in Vietnam was measured with Webb, Sasao, and Ballance’s (2017) New Vocabulary Levels Test. It was found that despite 10 years of formal English language instruction, nearly half of the participants had not mastered the most frequent 1,000 words and more than 90% had not mastered the most frequent 2,000 words. The study calls for more attention to high-frequency words in English language instruction in Vietnamese EFL context.
TEACHERS’ WRITTEN FEEDBACK: HOW TO MAKE IT WORK MORE EFFECTIVELY IN A LANGUAGE CLASSROOM?
Authors: Kim Dung Phung Thi
Published: July 2020

Teachers’ response to student writing is a vital, though neglected, aspect of second language composition research. This present study adds to previous research through the development and implementation of an original study which investigates the current feedback-giving practice of the teachers and their students’ opinions on feedback as well as their recommendations for improving it. The subjects involved in the study were 200 second-year students and 20 teachers at the University of Languages and International Studies (ULIS) under Vietnam National University, Hanoi (VNU) who are currently teaching or have taught writing before. These teachers and students were invited to join the survey, to answer the questionnaires, to participate in the interview, and to provide the source for observation. The research reveals that there exist a lot of problems concerning teachers’ responding methods, their feedback focus, their frequent types and forms of feedback as well as what they have actually done to help their students process feedback successfully. Meanwhile, the students report their opinions and preferences for more effective teachers’ feedback, which clearly reveals the mismatch between what the teachers often give and what the students would like to get. On this basis, the study recommends several important directions for teachers to utilize in improving their feedback, helping students process feedback more effectively and thus creating a condition in which learners learn to write more easily and successfully
CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES FOR TEACHING ENGLISH INCLUSIVELY TO ADHD AND ASD PRIMARY STUDENTS IN VIETNAM
Authors: Ha Vu Hai , Uyen Nguyen Nha
Published: July 2020

Recently included in general education as a compulsory subject since Grade 3, English has established itself in Vietnam as a crucial foreign language for the people to communicate effectively in a globalization era. As a result, English language teaching for primary students has drawn increasing attention from various educators and researchers. However, their studies and teaching practices often overlook students with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ADHD and ASD) - two of the most popular mental disorders in children. In this regard, this mixed-method case study explores the challenges facing, and the solutions the teachers of ADHD and ASD students in Vietnam have been actively drawing on to facilitate their classroom management. After conducting survey questionnaires with 109 English language teachers from 20 cities located in the three regions of Vietnam, the study proceeded with a series of interviews with teachers along with in-class observations. The results indicate that despite these prevailing difficulties, teachers were able to formulate teaching techniques to showcase plenty of innovativeness and versatility in terms of classroom management, despite certain occurrences of potential harmful acts due to the lack of special education training. The discussion could carry useful implications for researchers and teachers working with ADHD and ASD students in Vietnam.
A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON ATTITUDE IN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE MEDIA TEXTS IN THE LIGHT OF APPRAISAL THEORY
Authors: Kim Ngan Nguyen Thi , Huong Lan Nguyen Thi
Published: July 2020

This paper investigates the use of evaluative language in two articles concerning the destruction of the Earth’s largest rainforest, the Amazon, in 2019. The articles were carefully chosen from prominent newspapers, the New York Times in the USA and VnExpress in Vietnam. The analysis of the evaluative language in the two texts was conducted mainly in terms of their attitudes based on the Appraisal Theory by Martin and White (2005). Moreover, White’s (1998) systemic linguistic approach was utilized in order to reveal both experiential and interpersonal meanings of news text with the use of lexico-grammar as a tool for analysis. One significant feature of the evaluative language in terms of attitude which was found was the dominance of negativity in both articles regarding the severity of the fire and the passive reactions and scarce solutions to the problems of the local authority. Another conclusion was drawn from the investigation of the two texts was the use of quantification in implied expression of attitude to emphasize the devastation of the Amazon.
IMAGINED COMMUNITY, IMAGINED IDENTITY, AND INVESTMENT IN LANGUAGE LEARNING: AN AUTOETHNOGRAPICAL ACCOUNT
Authors: Nghia Nguyen Xuan
Published: July 2020

Language learning, viewed through post-structuralist prism, is not the practice of the individual per se but a social practice characterized by the multiple and changing learner identity in direct contact with inequitable power relations (Norton, 2013). Not always does it deal with the immediate identity of the learner in the real-time setting, but also identities defined through “the power of the imagination” in “not immediately accessible and tangible” communities (Norton, 2013, p.8). It is this set of imagined identities that governs the learner’s investment in meaningful learning practices, which in turn provides him/her with a wide range of capital. With this departure point in mind, in this autoethnography-based study, I told my own story of language learning and arrived at two findings. One, my identities as a language student, a language teacher, and a language teacher-researcher formed primarily with social factors, especially my imagination of social power gains. And two, my investments in language learning were regulated by these imagined identities and done so in ways that investment was prioritized over the identity related to higher social status and that where my identity was not invested, I took the initiative to invest to realize it.
WASHBACK OF AN ENGLISH ACHIEVEMENT TEST ON TEACHERS’ PERCEPTIONS AT A VIETNAMESE UNIVERSITY
Authors: Thu Dinh Minh
Published: July 2020

Research on washback, i.e. test impacts on teaching and learning in class, of high-stake English tests is prevalent. Little attention has, however, been paid to washback of an English achievement test (EAT) albeit its highly practical significance including reporting and improving teacher effectiveness right in a programme in a specific context (El-Kafafi, 2012; Antineskul & Sheveleva, 2015). The present paper aims to explore teachers’ perceptions of the teaching contents under the influence of an EAT which steps up to an English Proficiency Test - PET (or B1 level equivalent) for university undergraduates in Vietnam as required for graduation by Vietnam’s Ministry of Education and Training (MOET). The EAT, mirroring the PET, was designed to expect positive washback in the course English 2. The research tools were interviews with four teachers teaching the same English course. Each teacher was interviewed twice at two different time points so that their temporal developmental cognition of the EAT could be recorded.  The findings revealed the heavy impact of the test on teachers’ perceptions of their teaching contents. Two dominant points were (1) all the participants thought the course primarily served the EAT orientation, particularly in the test format and the linguistic input, and (2) the teachers should strictly follow the textbook as the major instructional source. There existed a mismatch between the university’s purpose of enhancing the students’ communicative ability and the teachers’ perceptions. Differences in the teacher backgrounds entailed their diverse perceptions. The study provides a reference case for the interested readers in and beyond the researched context.
Non-pharmaceutical interventions for containment, mitigation and suppression of COVID-19 infection
Authors: Patiño-Lugo Daniel F. , Velez Marcela , Velásquez Salazar Pamela , Vera-Giraldo Claudia Yaneth , Vélez Viviana , Marín Isabel Cristina , Ramírez Paola Andrea , Pemberthy Quintero Sebastián , Castrillón Martínez Esteban , Pineda Higuita Daniel Andrés , Henandez Herrera Gilma Norela
Published: July 2020

The best available scientific evidence is required to design effective non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to help policymakers to contain COVID-19 outbreaks. The aim of this review is to describe which NPIs used different countries and a when they use them. It also explores how NPIs impact the number of cases, the mortality, and the capacity of health systems. We consulted eight web pages of transnational organizations, 17 of international media, 99 of government institutions in the 19 countries included, and besides, we included nine studies (out of 34 identified) that met inclusion criteria. We found that some countries are focused on establishing travel restrictions, isolation of identified cases, and high-risk people. Others have a more intense combination of mandatory quarantine and other drastic social distancing measures. Some countries have implemented interventions in the first fifteen days after detecting the first case, while others have taken more than 30 days. The effectiveness of isolated NPIs may be limited, but combined interventions have shown to be effective in reducing the transmissibility of the disease, the collapse of health care services, and mortality. When the number of new cases has been controlled, it is necessary to maintain social distancing measures, self-isolation, and contact tracing for several months. The policy decision-making in this time should be aimed to optimize the opportunities of saving lives, reducing the collapse of health services, and minimizing the economic and social impact over the general population, but principally over the most vulnerable. The timing of implementing and lifting interventions is likely to have a substantial effect on those objectives.
COVID-19 and the Heart
Authors: Rojulpote Chaitanya , Gonuguntla Karthik , Patil Shivaraj , Bhattaru Abhijit , Bravo Paco
Published: July 2020

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has resulted in a global health crisis. Prior to the arrival of this viral pandemic, the world was already plagued with a significant burden of cardiovascular disease. With the introduction of the novel virus, the world now faces a double jeapordy. Early reports have suggested an increased risk of death in individuals with underlying cardio-metabolic disorders. The exact effects of COVID-19 on the cardiovascular system are not well determined, however lessons from prior viral epidemics suggest that such infections can trigger acute coronary syndromes, arrhythmias and heart failure via direct and indirect mechanisms. In this article, we aimed to discuss the effects and potential underlying mechanisms of COVID -19 as well as potential implications of treatments targeted against this virus on the cardiovascular system.