bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Penjualan Obat di Apotek Era Medika Berbasis Website
Authors: Putra I Gede Feby Dian Pramana , Juliharta I Gede Putu Krisna , Paramitha Anak Agung Istri Ita
Published: November 2021

Handling data by doing this manually has a number of obstacles at the Era Medika Pharmacy, including causing errors in checking drug stock once a week, inaccurate recording of incoming or outgoing drug stocks so that there is a mistake in recording the final stock, as well as the results of sales reports use paper. To overcome this problem the drug sales information system is a solution to the drug sales process, and uses the Click to Chat API Whatsapp to facilitate sending messages to drug suppliers. To obtain the data needed during the study, the author uses several method including: interviews, observation, and literature studies. The data obtained then analyzes using the Waterfall method. The results of this study conducted on testing sales applications that have been designed can help to facilitate managers in the sales process that can be accessed online so that it can work effectively and efficiently. With the Click to Chat feature Whatsapp can facilitate messages to drug suppliers according to the contact you want to reach. The results of this study are expected to be useful in the future.
Analisis Tingkat Kesadaran Penggunaan Free/Open Source Software (FOSS) pada Lembaga Pendidikan Indonesia
Authors: Arsa Daniel , Nugraha Hafiz
Published: November 2021

In this paper, the authors conducted small-scale research to determine the awareness, utilization, and barriers of school teachers, especially for Information and Communication Technology (ICT) teachers in using Free and Open Source Software (FOSS). In Indonesia, the utilization of applications and operating systems in educational institutions are still dependent on popular software, it makes the process of learning in schools often mentions the names or brands of certain software that are often used and are usually proprietary. In recent years, several parties have started the Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) movement to break the notion of using Proprietary software, FOSS is starting to be seen by users because of it’s affordability and freedom to use and contribute to developing software together. There are many FOSS that is often used such as Ubuntu, Mozilla Firefox, Moodle, OJS, and many more. The Indonesian government also encourages the use of FOSS in some institutions that have been introduced to FOSS. in this research, the author uses a quantitative approach with a descriptive survey method, it takes a sample from a population and uses a questionnaire as the main data aid.  As a result, many obstacles were found that made teachers and students reluctant to use FOSS in their education, such as lack of knowledge, lack of training, availability of technology, and awareness of it.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PENGGUNAAN ALAT PELINDUNG DIRI (APD) PADA PETUGAS PENYAPU JALAN DINAS LINGKUNGAN HIDUP KOTA JAMBI TAHUN 2020
Authors: Kurnia Ulanda Nita , Asparian Asparian , Nurdini Lia
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
Improving the health and safety of works is hazards control by using personal protective equipment (PPE) with thw work occupational standard health and safety program. There are several personal factors associated with workers using personal protective equipment (PPE) at work, including knowledge, attitudes, age, education level and years of service. The reseach objective was determinan serval factor reated to using personal protective equipment (PPE) of road sweepers in Jambi City. This type of research was a quantitative study by using a Cross Sectional approach. The results of this reseach a relations between most of responden have of female gender 92,0%, with material status of a married worker 96,0% and the work area street sweeping officers in Telanai 26,7%, work area in Kota Baru 17,3% and Thehok 13,3%. Fakctor related to of personal protective equipment (PPE) are knowledge (PR=1,600, 95% CI=1,223 – 2,093), attitude (PR=1,444, 95% CI=1,172-1,781), years of service (PR=1,071 95% CI=0,758-1,513 ) Factors no related to use of personal protective equipment (PPE) age (PR=1,194, CI=0,740–1,927), education level (PR=1,219, 95% CI 0,928-1,603). There were a relations between knowledge, attitude and years of service of personal protective equipment (PPE). There is no relationship between age and education level with the use personal protective equipment.
Keywords: Knowledge, Attitude, PPE, Officer Street Sweeper
 
ABSTRAK
Salah satu upaya meningkatkan kesehatan dan keselamatan tenaga kerja yaitu dengan pengendalian bahaya-bahaya yang mungkin terjadi saat berada di lingkungan kerja dengan menggunakan alat pelindung diri sesuai dengan standar yang telah ditentukan dalam program keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja (K3). Banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi penggunaan alat pelindung diri (APD) meliputi penge- tahuan, sikap, umur, tingkat pendidikan dan masa kerja. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui beberapa faktor yang berhubungan dengan penggunaan alat pelindung diri (APD) pada petugas penyapu jalan Dinas Lingkunga Hidup Kota Jambi. Penelitian ini menggunakan desaincase control. Populasi adalah seluruh petugas penyapu jalan Kota Jambi. Faktor yang berhubungan dengan penggunaan APD pada petugas peyapu jalan yaitu pengetahuan pengetahuan (PR = 1,600, 95% CI = 1,223 – 2,093), sikap (PR = 1,444, 95% CI = 1,172-1,781) dan masa kerja (PR = 1,071 95% CI = 0,758-1,513) dan masa kerja (PR = 1,071 95% CI = 0,758-1,513) dan faktor yang tidak berhubungan yaitu umur (PR = 1,194 CI = 0,740 – 1,927), tingkat pendidikan (PR = 1,219 95% CI 0,928-1,603). Maka dapat disimpulkan ada hubungan antarapengetahuan, sikap dan   masa kerja terhadap   penggunaan alat pelindung diri (APD).
Kata Kunci: Pengetahuan, sikap, APD, penyapu jalan
HUBUNGAN SARAPAN PAGI DENGAN PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA DI SMA NEGERI 4 KOTA JAMBI TAHUN 2020
Authors: Marvelia Riska , Kartika Rini , Dewi Hasna
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT

Breakfast has an important role in meeting the energy needs of student, because it can increase learning concentration and make it easier to absorb lessons at school, so that learning achievement is good. The research objective was to determine the relationship between breakfast and student academic achievement levels in Senior High School 4 Jambi City in 2020. This research is an analytic survey research with cross sectional design. The population is students who sit in class X MIPA and X IIS at Senior High School 4 Jambi City in 2020. The sample of simple random sampling technique is 110 people. This research was conducted at Senior High School 4 Jambi City in July-August 2020 in 2020 by direct interviews using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed by univariate and bivariate.The results of univariate analysis showed that 34 respondents (30.9%) had good breakfast, 43 respondents (39.1%) were sufficient, and 33 respondents (30.0%) were lacking. As for the description of study achievement, 59 respondents (53.6%) were good, 45 respondents (40.9%) were sufficient and 6 respondents (5.5%) were less. The bivariate results showed a significant relationship between breakfast and student achievement with a p-value (0.014). There is a significant relationship between breakfast and student achievement. Breakfast is useful in increasing learning concentration and memory when studying at school so that it will result in better achievement

Keywords: Breakfast, study achievement

 

ABSTRAK

Sarapan pagi mempunyai peranan penting dalam memenuhi kebutuhan energi anak sekolah, karena dapat meningkatkan konsentrasi belajar dan memudahkan menyerap pelajaran di sekolah, sehingga prestasi belajar menjadi baik. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan sarapan pagi dengan tingkat prestasi belajar siswa di SMA Negeri 4 Kota Jambi Tahun 2020. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian survey analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional. Populasi adalah adalah siswa yang duduk di kelas X MIPA dan X IIS di SMA Negeri 4 Kota Jambi Tahun 2020. Sampel teknik simple random sampling yang berjumlah 110 orang. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMA Negeri 4 Kota Jambi bulan Juli–Agustus 2020 tahun 2020 dengan wawancara langsung menggunakan kuesioner. Data dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat. Hasil analisis univariat didapatkan gambaran untuk sarapan pagi sebanyak 34 responden (30,9%) baik, 43 responden (39,1%) cukup, dan 33 responden (30,0%) kurang. Sedangkan untuk gambaran prestasi belajar didapatkan sebanyak 59 responden (53,6%) baik, 45 responden (40,9%) cukup dan 6 responden (5,5%) kurang. Hasil bivariat terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara sarapan pagi dengan prestasi belajar siswa dengan p-value (0,014). Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara sarapan pagi dengan prestasi belajar siswa. Sarapan berguna dalam meningkatkan konsentrasi belajar dan daya ingat ketika belajar di sekolah sehingga akan menghasilkan prestasi yang lebih baik.

Kata Kunci : Sarapan pagi, Prestasi belajar
Perlindungan Terhadap Orang Tanpa Kewarganegaraan (Stateless People) dalam Hukum Internasional (Studi Kasus Etnis Rohingya di Myanmar)
Authors: Sigit Rahmawati Novia , Novianti Novianti
Published: November 2021

Artikel ini mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis pengaturan Hukum Internasional berhubungan dengan perlindungan terhadap orang tanpa kewargenegaraan (Stateless People) melalui kasus etnis Rohingya di Myanmar. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan kasus, dan pendekatan historis. Sebagai sebuah penelitian normatif, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlindungan etnis dari diskriminasi dan kekerasan dalam Hukum Internasional telah dilakukan oleh PBB melalui berbagai macam deklarasi dan konvensi-konvensi internasional. Myanmar seharusnya meratifikasi Konvensi mengenai status orang yang tidak berkewarganegaraan 1954 dan Konvensi pengurangan ketiadaan kewarganegaraan 1961 sebagai bagian dari kewajiban dan tanggung jawabnya untuk melindungi dan memastikan bahwa etnis Rohingya memiliki kewarganegaraanya.
Tanggung Jawab Iran Terhadap Penembakan Pesawat Sipil Ukraina Ditinjau Dari Hukum Udara Internasionali
Authors: Hasibuan Nabila , Kusniati Retno
Published: November 2021

Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pertanggungjawaban negara Iran atas tertembaknya pesawat sipil Ukraina dalam Hukum Udara Internasional. Rumusan masalah yang dibahas adalah pengaturan hukum udara internasional terkait kewajiban para pihak untuk mengatur keselamatan penerbangan sipil yang melewati wilayah udaranya serta tanggung jawab negara Iran terhadap penembakan pesawat sipil Ukraina ditinjau dari Hukum Internasional. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah jenis penelitian hukum normatif, maka pendekatan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach), pendekatan kasus (case approach), dan pendekatan sejarah (historical approach), sumber bahan hukum yang digunakan yaitu bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa (1) Negara yang wilayah udaranya dilewati oleh pesawat sipil harus menjamin keselamatan pesawat sipil tersebut dengan cara menetapkan zona larangan terbang apabila di wilayah udara negara tersebut sedang terjadi sesuatu dan tidak memungkinkan untuk dilewati oleh pesawat sipil serta memberikan navigasi penerbangan yang jelas sehingga dapat menjamin keselamatan dan keamanan pesawat sipil yang melewati wilayah udara negara tersebut. (2) Iran harus bertanggung jawab penuh atas terjadinya penembakan ini dikarenakan tidak menetapkan zona larangan ketika sedang berkonflik. Di masa yang akan datang perlu ditegaskan pertanggungjawaban negara atas jalur rute penerbangan sipil internasional serta meningkatkan kerja sama dengan berbagai pihak agar keselamatan dan keamanan dalam penerbangan internasional bisa tercapai.
Pengapusan Hak Veto Dalam Rangka Reformasi Dewan Keamanan Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa
Authors: Afrilianti Dewi , Ardianto Budi , Pebrianto Dony Yusra
Published: November 2021

This study aims to find out what is the reason the veto is considered irrelevant to the Security Council in realizing world security and peace in connection with the plan of veto power in the framework of reform of the United Nations Security Council because the use of veto rights by the five permanent member states of the Security Council, especially the United States has been used with no limits. The research method used is normative type with statutory, conceptual, and case approach. The results of this study show that the security council's veto power in practice has deviated from its original intent. The reform efforts of the United Nations Security Council have many obstacles but the main obstacles that greatly hinder the reform efforts are the arrogant, selfish, and willless nature of the permanent members of the United Nations Security Council who are veto holders to continue to maintain their hegemony and national interests.

Keywords:  United Nations; Right; Veto;
Masalah Kemanusiaan hingga Lingkungan Hidup: Studi Kasus Konflik Nagorno-Karabakh (Azerbaijan Vs Armenia)
Authors: Arinawati Hanna , Putri Fathimah Azzahrah , Islamy Shereena El
Published: November 2021

Konflik bersenjata dalam sebuah perang diakui menjadi salah satu cara untuk menyelesaikan sengketa antar negara. Namun, konflik bersenjata menimbulkan dampak negatif terhadap kemanusiaan dan lingkungan. Penelitian ini membahas mengenai konflik antara Azerbaijan dan Armenia yang mengakibatkan adanya korban jiwa 150 warga sipil tewas dan 5000 tentara tewas dan memiliki dampak buruk terhadap lingkungan. Azerbaijan mendapat tuduhan bahwa dalam perang ini pihaknya menggunakan White Phosphorus atau kembang api dengan asap putih yang membawa bahan kimia yang sangat berbahaya, dapat mengakibatkan cacat tubuh maupun kepunahan margasatwa selamanya. Sedangkan pihak Armenia melakukan eksploitasi sumber daya alam wilayah pendudukan tanpa mempertimbangkan keunggulan kepentingan populasi dan perubahan cagar budaya daerah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada konflik Nagorno-Karabakh 2020 (Azerbaijan vs Armenia) terlihat adanya pelanggaran perjanjian internasional dalam hukum lingkungan internasional dan hukum humaniter internasional yang terjadi akibat konflik tersebut yang dapat dimintakan pertanggung jawaban secara internasional. Kemudian dalam kaitannya dengan pertanggungjawaban akibat konflik bersenjata, Armenia dan afiliasinya di wilayah pendudukan Azerbaijan bertanggung jawab atas tindakan pelanggaran internasional.
Flexible Nasal Endoscopic Procedures in Family Medicine: Indications and Effectiveness
Authors: Malaty John , Wu Dongyuan , Datta Susmita
Published: November 2021

Background and Objectives: Most literature about flexible nasolaryngoscopy comes from specialty clinics, making it unclear if these indications can be effectively managed without referral. This study evaluated effectiveness of diagnosis and management of upper airway complaints, utilizing flexible nasal endoscopic procedures, in a family medicine center.
Methods: We performed retrospective chart review for all patients who had nasal endoscopy, nasopharyngoscopy, and nasolaryngoscopy performed at the University of Florida Family Medicine Center over 3 years (n=89) with 5 additional years of follow up. We used descriptive statistics to evaluate indications, diagnoses, effectiveness of management by family medicine, and referral rate.
Results: The most common primary indications were hoarseness (n=33, 37%), chronic cough (n=20, 22%), nasal obstruction (n=9, 10%), and unilateral ear dysfunction (n=6, 7%). The most common primary diagnoses found were allergic rhinitis/postnasal drip (n=41, 46%), laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR)/gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD; n=24, 27%), masses concerning for malignancy (n=4, 4.5%), true vocal cord (TVC) polyp (n=3, 3%), TVC nodules (n=3, 3%), and epistaxis (n=3, 3%). Of the four concerning masses, two were confirmed cancers (2%). In addition, there was one case (1%) of erythroleukoplakia with dysplasia of the TVC. Most patients had documented improvement with family medicine management (n=57, 64%) and another six (7%) had follow up without documentation of status and no need for referral. Thus, a total of 71% (n=64) did not require referral and 20% (n=18) needed specialist referral.
Conclusions: Flexible nasal endoscopic procedures are effective in the care of patients in a family medicine residency center and can be safely performed and taught to residents.
Diversity and Facing Discrimination in Family Medicine Residencies: A CERA Survey of Program Directors
Authors: Potts Stacy E. , McLean Ivonne , Saba George W. , Moreno Gerardo , Edgoose Jennifer , Candib Lucy M.
Published: November 2021

Background and Objectives: Increasing the number of underrepresented minorities in medicine (URM) has the potential to improve access and quality of care and reduce health inequities for diverse populations. Having a diverse workforce in residency programs necessitates structures in place for support, training, and addressing racism and discrimination. This study examines reports of discrimination and training initiatives to increase diversity and address discrimination and unconscious bias in family medicine residency programs nationally.
Methods: This survey was part of the Council of Academic Family Medicine Educational Research Alliance (CERA) 2018 national survey of family medicine residency program directors. Questions addressed the presence of reported discrimination, residency program training about discrimination and bias, and admissions practices concerning physician workforce diversity. We performed univariate and bivariate analyses on CERA survey response data.
Results: We received 272 responses to the diversity survey items within the CERA program director survey from 522 possible residency director respondents, yielding a response rate of 52.1%. The majority of residency programs (78%) offer training for faculty and/or residents in unconscious/implicit bias and systemic/institutional racism. A minority of program directors report discrimination in the residency environment, most often reported by patients (13.2%) and staff (7.2%) and least often by faculty (3.3%), with most common reasons for discrimination noted as language or race/skin color.
Conclusions: Most family medicine residency program directors report initiatives to address diversity in the workforce. Research is needed to develop best practices to ensure continued improvement in workforce diversity and racial climate that will enhance the quality of care and access for underserved populations.
Curricular Recommendations for a National Family Medicine Subinternship: A Qualitative Analysis From Multiple Stakeholders
Authors: de la Cruz Maria Syl D. , Sairenji Tomoko , Stumbar Sarah E. , Babalola Dolapo , Chessman Alexander W.
Published: November 2021

Background and Objectives: The 2011 Alliance for Clinical Education panel recommended the development of a specialty-specific curriculum for all subinternships (sub-Is). A 2019 CERA survey found that 58% of family medicine clerkship directors agreed that a standardized curriculum would be helpful. The goal of this study was to explore attitudes and preferences regarding a national family medicine sub-I curriculum among a broad set of stakeholders.
Methods: Focus groups were conducted with medical students, residents, residency faculty, and undergraduate medical education faculty at the 2020 STFM Conference on Medical Student Education. Focus groups were transcribed, and a qualitative analysis was conducted with participants’ responses about the benefits and characteristics of a family medicine sub-I, recommendations for core sub-I skills/objectives, likelihood of using a national curriculum, and preferred student and program evaluation methods.
Results: There were four focus groups with a total of 24 participants. The following main themes emerged: the family medicine sub-I has distinctive characteristics from other sub-Is and provides unique benefits for students and residency programs, a standardized curriculum should allow for adaptability and flexibility, and the sub-I evaluation for the students and program should be specific and experience-focused. These themes were classified into specific subthemes.
Conclusions: The stakeholder emphasis on themes of uniqueness, adaptability, and specificity within evaluation will help educators structure a comprehensive framework for national recommendations for the sub-I curriculum. A well-designed family medicine sub-I may provide rigorous educational training for students and may also encourage career commitment to the discipline.
Homogeneous operators and homogeneous integral operators
Authors: Avetisyan Zhirayr , Karapetyants Alexey
Published: November 2021

We introduce and study in a general setting the concept of homogeneity
of an operator and, in particular, the notion of homogeneity of an
integral operator. In the latter case, homogeneous kernels of such
operators are also studied. The concept of homogeneity is associated
with transformations of a measure - measure dilations, which are most
natural in the context of our general research scheme. For the study of
integral operators, the notions of weak and strong homogeneity of the
kernel are introduced. The weak case is proved to generate a homogeneous
operator in the sense of our definition, while the stronger condition
corresponds to the most relevant specific examples - classes of
homogeneous integral operators on various metric spaces, and allows us
to obtain an explicit general form for the kernels of such operators.
The examples given in the article - various specific cases - illustrate
general statements and results given in the paper and at the same time
are of interest in their own way.
Filling the Gap between GRACE and GRACE-FO Data Using a Model Integrating Variational Mode Decomposition and Long Short-Term Memory: A Case Study of Northwest China
Authors: Chu Jiangdong , su xiaoling , Jiang Tianliang , Qi Jixia , Zhang Gengxi , Wu Haijiang
Published: November 2021

The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) mission operated
between March 2002 and October 2017, providing monthly global
terrestrial water storage anomalies (TWSA), which are essential in
investigating global climate change and the hydrological cycle. Its
continuation GRACE-Follow On (GRACE-FO) was launched in May 2018,
leading to an 11-months data gap between them. Therefore, it is of high
significance to fill the data gap. However, existing studies have not
yet achieved high prediction accuracy in filling the data gap over
Northwest China (NWC). Based on the CSR RL06 spherical harmonics (SH)
solution from April 2002 to June 2017, this study combined the
Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) with the Long Short-Term Memory
(LSTM) model to fill the data gap over NWC. Two conventional LSTM models
were set as control groups: LSTM-1, for which GLDAS-based TWS,
temperature, and precipitation were used as input, and LSTM-2, for which
TWSA data of the previous 12 months were used as input. In general, the
two conventional LSTM models showed poor performance. In contrast, the
integrated VMD-LSTM model achieved significantly higher prediction
accuracy (NSE = 0.974, CC = 0.989, and RMSE = 0.808 cm) and exhibited
higher reliability compared to the single LSTM models. The proposed
method offers a means toward bridging the gap in GRACE-based TWSA data
over NWC. It also provides a reference for similar regions around the
world.
Ichthyoplankton DNA metabarcoding: challenges and perspectives
Authors: Carvalho Daniel
Published: November 2021

DNA metabarcoding has been widely used to access and monitor species.
However, several challenges remain open for its mainstream application
in ecological studies, particularly when dealing with a quantitative
approach. In a from the Cover article in this issue of Molecular
Ecology, Cédric et al. (2021) report species-level ichthyoplankton
dynamics for 97 fish species from two Amazon river basins using a clever
quantitative metabarcoding approach employing a probe capture method.
They clearly show that most species spawned during the rainy season when
the floods started, but interestingly, species from the same genus
reproduced in distinct periods (i.e., inverse phenology).
Opportunistically, Cédric et al. (2021) reported that during an intense
hydrological anomaly, several species had a sharp reduction in spawning
activity, demonstrating a quick response to environmental cues. This is
an interesting result since the speed at which fish species can react to
environmental changes, during the spawning period, is largely unknown.
Thus, this study brings remarkable insights into basic life history
information that is imperative for proposing strategies that could lead
to a realistic framework for sustainable fisheries management practices
and conservation, fundamental for an under-studied and threatened realm,
such as the Amazon River basin.
Association between flat foot prevalence and nutritional status in schoolchildren
Authors: Susnjevic Sonja , Milijasevic Dragana , Maric Dusica , Niciforovic-Surkovic Olja , Mijatovic-Jovanovic Vesna , Ukropina Snezana
Published: November 2021

Introduction/Objective. The aim of this study was to examine the association between flat feet and socio-demographic factors and nutritional status in children aged 7?14 years of the Province of Vojvodina, Serbia. Methods. The research was conducted as a cross-sectional study. The survey instrument was a questionnaire, and anthropometric measurements were done using standardized procedures. To determine the impact of socio-demographic factors and nutritional status as independent variables on the flat feet in schoolchildren as a dependent variable, a multivariate logistic regression model was implemented. A multivariate model was adjusted for age, sex, type of settlement, and material status. Results. This study included 1376 children (685 boys and 691 girls). Significant differences were observed in the frequency of flat feet between normal weight, overweight, and obesity (p = 0.006), where obese children were rated highest in the flat foot category. Overweight children had a 1.76 times higher chance to have flat feet than those with normal weight (OR = 1.76; 95% CI 1.08?2.88), while obese children were 1.88 times more likely to have flat feet than those with normal weight (OR = 1.88; 95% CI 1.14?3.11). Conclusion. The research showed that nutritional status was significantly associated with the presence of flat feet in schoolchildren. The high prevalence of flat feet and obesity in schoolchildren should be accepted as a warning sign, and many public health policies should be undertaken to solve these issues.
Biografiasampo yhdistää ja rikastaa suomalaiset elämäkerrat linkitettynä datana semanttisessa webissä
Authors: Hyvönen Eero , Leskinen Petri , Tamper Minna , Rantala Heikki , Ikkala Esko , Tuominen Jouni , Keravuori Kirsi
Published: November 2021

Informaatiotutkimuksen tavoitteena on kehittää uusia tapoja tuottaa, organisoida ja käyttää tietoa sekä yksilöiden että organisaatioiden näkökulmasta. Tässä katsauksessa esitellään kulttuurihistoriallisen tiedon tuottajia ja käyttäjiä palvelevan ns. Sampo-mallin sovellus Biografiasampo kansalaisille, digitaalisten ihmistieteiden tutkijoille ja uusien sovellusten kehittäjille. Biografiasammon kunnianhimoisena tavoitteena on käynnistää uusi aikakausi elämäkertakokoelmien julkaisemisessa ja käyttämisessä verkossa semanttisen webin teknologioita ja linkitetyn avoimen datan julkaisuperiaatteita hyödyntäen. Innovaationa on luoda kieliteknologian, tekoälyn ja semanttisen webin teknologioiden avulla elämäkertojen teksteistä ja niihin eri lähteissä liittyvistä tietokannoista tietämysverkko (knowledge graph) osana kansallista tietoinfrastruktuuria. Sovelluksen ydinaineistona ovat Kansallisbiografia ja muut Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seuran toimittamat ja julkaisemat pienoiselämäkerrat, yhteensä 13 100 elämäntarinaa, joita on kirjoittanut 980 suomalaista tutkijaa maamme suurimmaksi sanotussa historiantutkimuksen hankkeessa. Elämäkerroista louhittua dataa on rikastettu automaattisen loogisen päättelyn avulla ja linkittämällä sitä 16 muuhun tietolähteeseen. Tietämysverkko on julkaistu linkitetyn avoimen datan Linked Data Finland -palvelussa. Datapalvelun avulla on toteutettu seitsemästä sovellusnäkymästä koostuva älykäs, avoin ja maksuton verkkopalvelu biografiasampo.fi, jolla on ollut noin 50 000 käyttäjää. Sekä järjestelmän elämäkerrat että niistä louhittu data ovat avoimesti käytettävissä datapalveluna Linked Data Finland -alustalla.
Johdanto: Yhteiskuntatieteiden ja informaatioteknologian rajapinnoilla
Authors: Laaksonen Salla-Maaria , Haapoja Jesse , Olsson Thomas
Published: November 2021

Informaatioteknologian kehitys ja yhteiskunnan digitalisoituminen ovat kannustaneet tutkijoita eri tieteenaloilta tarkastelemaan erilaisten sosioteknisten järjestelmien ja digitalisoituvien käytäntöjen merkitystä yhteiskunnassa. Teknologiavälitteisyys muun muassa määrittää sosiaalista, poliittista ja kaupallista kanssakäymistä sekä muokkaa yhteiskunnan instituutioita kouluista mediaan. Samalla digitalisoituva yhteiskunta tuottaa uusia ihmis- ja yhteiskuntatieteiden tutkimuskohteita, aineistoja ja menetelmiä. Tämän monitieteisen teemanumeron artikkelit kartoittavat ja pohtivat digitaalisen ihmis- ja yhteiskuntatieteen nykytilaa ja tulevaisuutta erityisesti muuttuvien aineistojen luomien haasteiden ja mahdollisuuksien näkökulmasta. Teemanumero on toimitettu yhteistyössä digitaalisen yhteiskuntatieteen tutkimuksen yhdistyksen Rajapinta ry:n kanssa.
Sobre John Tutino, Mexico City, 1808. Power, Sovereignty and Silver in an Age of War and Revolution
Authors: Ibarra Antonio
Published: November 2021

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Sobre Felipe Ávila, Carranza. El constructor del Estado mexicano
Authors: Barrón Luis Felipe
Published: November 2021

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O que quer dizer estudar e trabalhar por um desenvolvimento humano?
Authors: Novais Tiago de Melo
Published: November 2021

O presente artigo procurou explorar alguns elementos necessários para a reflexão sobre o tema do desenvolvimento humano e sua possível realização. Utilizando o conteúdo ministrado por Monsenhor Bruno-Marie Duffé e alguns documentos da Igreja Católica escritos pelo Papa Francisco, alguns princípios e temas que visam contribuir com a concretização do desenvolvimento da humanidade foram explorados teologicamente. Mais especificamente, discutiu-se acerca dos seguintes princípios: uma nova compreensão sobre o tempo, que valorize processos que desembocam no desenvolvimento humano; a necessidade de resolução de conflitos, visando a unidade em meio a alteridade e diversidade; o apreço pela realidade mais do que pelas ideias, ao passo que as ideias colaborem com o desenvolvimento humano que ocorre na realidade concreta; e o papel do todo em relação à parte, destacando a perspectiva necessariamente global do desenvolvimento humano. Além disso, afirma-se o papel essencial do bem comum com condição para a paz social e da promoção de agentes pacificadores para a construção da paz em sociedades, ambos indispensáveis para a realização do desenvolvimento humano.
Academician Gavriil Abramovich Ilizarov (1921–1992) (on the 100th anniversary of the birth)
Authors: Kurygin Al. A. , Neverov V. A. , Semenov V. V. , Tarbayev I. S.
Published: November 2021

Professor Gavriil Abramovich Ilizarov was born on June 15, 1921 in the town of Bialowiez in the Bialystok Voivodeship of the Polish Republic. Gavriil was able to go to school only at the age of 11, but his level of education allowed him to pass the exams for the elementary grades, and he was enrolled immediately in the fourth grade. He graduated from the eight-year school with excellent marks and in 1938 continued his studies at the medical faculty in the city of Buinaksk, Dagestan ASSR. In 1939, Gavriil Abramovich entered the Crimean State Medical Institute, after graduating from which in 1944 he worked as a doctor in Polovinskaya and then Kosulinskaya district hospitals of the Kurgan region. At this time, Ilizarov came up with a brilliant idea for the treatment of complex fractures of long tubular bones with the fixation of their fragments with a special metal controlled device instead of blind and static plaster immobilization. In 1955, G. A. Ilizarov was appointed head of the Traumatological and Orthopedic department of the Kurgan Regional Hospital for the Disabled of the Great Patriotic War, where he began to apply his invention. The first official scientific recognition of G. A. Ilizarov received his dissertation «Transosseous compression osteosynthesis by the author’s apparatus (experimental and clinical study)» in September 1968 in Perm. In 1966, on the basis of the 2nd city hospital of Kurgan, the problem laboratory of the Sverdlovsk Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics was organized, the head of which was Gavriil Abramovich, and in 1969 the laboratory was transformed into a branch of the Leningrad Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics named after R. L. Vreden and its director was appointed G. A. Ilizarov. Since 1982, the triumphant introduction of the Ilizarov method into the practice of leading foreign countries began, and the press gave the author the enthusiastic title of «Michelangelo in orthopedics». Gavriil Abramovich successfully engaged in public activities, was elected deputy of the district and regional Councils of Workers‘ Deputies, deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR, People’s Deputy of the USSR. For his great achievements in medical science and outstanding services to the national and world health care, G. A. Ilizarov was awarded the highest state awards, academic and honorary titles of the USSR and many foreign countries. Academician Gavriil Abramovich Ilizarov died suddenly of heart failure on July 24, 1992 in Kurgan and was buried in the central alley of the new Riabkovskое cemetery in Kurgan.
The Gender Discrimination in Indonesian Literature Works: A Case Study of Translation
Authors: Tri Widarwati Nunun , Nababan Mangatur Rudolf , Santosa Riyadi , Tarjana Sri Samiati
Published: November 2021

Background:

Although many kinds of research on gender discrimination have been made, empirical research on this matter under the perspective of translation technique is still rare. Therefore, this present research aimed to study gender discrimination in three novels authored by Pramoedya Ananta Toer and how gender discrimination is translated into English.

Methodology:

This case study was applied in three novels written by Pramoedya Ananta Toer, Anak Semua Bangsa, Rumah Kaca, and Jejak Langkah. The data were collected through observations and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The data were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Findings:

The results showed that gender discrimination in the three novels was subordination, stereotype, marginalization, workload, and violence. Gender discrimination is translated using established equivalence, explicitation, modulation, paraphrase, implicitation, addition, transposition, reduction, compensation, discursive creation, pure borrowing, deletion, generalization, and particularization.

Conclusion:

This research reveals that gender discrimination is a phenomenon that commonly occurs in the world community. The research implications are also discussed either empirically or practically at the end of this article.
Oral Communication Strategies Training: The Case of Pre-Service English Teachers in Indonesia
Authors: Rachmawaty Noor , Aridah Aridah , Iswari Weningtyas Parama , Syamdianita Syamdianita
Published: November 2021

Background:

Many researches on pre-service English teachers have been carried out in various aspects, from teaching techniques to psychology. However, research on oral communication strategies of pre-service English teachers is still little done. This study delved into the effect of oral communication strategies training on pre-service English teachersâ€™ speaking performance. In addition, it revealed the relationship between gender and types of oral communication strategies.

Methodology:

This study involved 27 students who joined in Speaking 3 course.  The OCSI as the instrument in this study consisted of eight categories of strategies for coping with speaking problems and seven types for dealing with listening problems

Findings:

Results from descriptive statistics showed that before the training, message reduction mainly was used while social affective and attempt to think in English was the least often employed strategy for resolving speaking difficulties. Meanwhile, after the training, a Non-verbal strategy while speaking was frequently used by the students. Message abandonment became the least used strategy after training was implemented. In dealing with listening problems, before the training, Non-Verbal strategies while listening was mostly used while the least used strategy was getting the gist. After the training, Word oriented became the most often employed technique Meanwhile, strategies for preserving fluency were the least frequently adopted.

Conclusion:

The MANOVA results of data analysis revealed that female students significantly performed better in speaking English than male students. However, there was no significant difference in Oral Communication Strategy used between male and female students.
Calidad de vida y actividades de la vida diaria en adultos mayores mexicanos
Authors: Pérez Ortiz Alejandro , Becerra Gálvez Ana Leticia , Hernández Gálvez Guadalupe Arely , Estrada Alvarado María del Carmen , Medina Jiménez Erick Alberto
Published: November 2021

Las personas de 60 años y más experimentan una serie de complicaciones biopsicosociales que pueden afectar la ejecución de actividades de la vida diaria y posiblemente con ello su independencia, autoeficacia y calidad de vida, no obstante, poco se conoce si dichas variables realmente están asociadas. El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar la asociación entre calidad de vida y autoeficacia para realizar actividades cotidianas, así como con otras variables de índole sociodemográfico en un grupo de adultos mayores mexicanos; 102 participantes contestaron el Cuestionario de Detección de Salud en la Vejez (ex profeso), el Cuestionario de Calidad de Vida para Adultos Mayores (WHOQoL-OLD) y el instrumento de Autoeficacia para Realizar Actividades Cotidianas (AeRAC-Breve). Los hombres presentaron mejor calidad de vida (U = .036, p < .05); se obtuvo una correlación positiva de magnitud pequeña entre el WHOQoL-OLD y el AeRAC-Breve (r = .363, p < .000). Las correlaciones más altas se encontraron en la dimensión tres de ambos instrumentos (intimidad y relaciones sociales; r = .768, p < .001) y la seis del WHOQoL-OLD con la dimensión tres del AeRAC-Breve (r = .855, p < .001). Poco más de la mitad de la muestra presentó niveles intermedios y bajos en el WHOQoL-OLD y AeRAC-Breve. Continuar con el estudio de estas variables (calidad de vida y actividades de la vida diaria) permitirá la formulación de un modelo teórico sólido, que a su vez dé paso al diseño de intervenciones psicológicas dirigidas a la población envejecida.
Correlações biométricas entre o tamanho do antebraço e da mão de lobo-guará - Chrysocyon Brachyurus em diferentes situações de medições como subsídio para análises de pegadas
Authors: Pereira Saulo Gonçalves , Borges Daniela Cristina Silva , Santos André Luiz Quagliatto
Published: November 2021

A biometria tem objetiva a mensuração dos organismos observando as relações entre as medidas anatômicas. Objetivou-se fazer uma correlação estatística entre as medidas da mão, do antebraço e do coxim de Chrysocyon brachyurus (Illiger, 1815) avaliando se existe diferença de correlação de acordo com as diferentes fontes de medição e ainda, averiguar se tais medidas se associam ao número de ouro. Foram utilizados 16 cadáveres, pertencentes ao acervo do Laboratório de Ensino e Pesquisa de Animais Silvestres - UFU e dos museus dos Centros de Educação para o Trânsito da Polícia Militar de Patos de Minas e Unaí. O método adotado foi o quali-quantitativo e as medidas foram da distância entre a epífise distal do dedo III até o carpo, tamanho do osso rádio e do coxim. Os dados foram tabulados em planilhas e as análises estatísticas foram realizadas com o software BioEstat 5.3®. Com base nos resultados conclui-se que existe uma baixa relação da medida “coxim” com os demais dados e que a cada centímetro de acréscimo na variável “mão”, estima-se um aumento de 1,55 cm na quantidade média do tamanho do “osso rádio” e por fim, não existem evidências de que essa razão represente o número de ouro.
Tratamento da classe III dentária com alça de forças paralelas – relato de caso
Authors: Vargas-Junior Carlos Sanches
Published: November 2021

A má oclusão de Classe III é um tipo de desvio dentoesqueletal cuja incidência varia entre 3% e 13% da população, sendo muito difícil de se diagnosticar e tratar, e o tratamento ortodôntico precoce tem sido a principal forma de tratamento para os pacientes que apresentam esta deformidade, com envolvimento dentário e/ou esquelético. A  má oclusão de Classe III de Angle apresenta o sulco mésio-vestibular do primeiro molar inferior posicionado mesialmente em relação à cúspide mésio-vestibular do primeiro molar superior. O diagnóstico adequado é indispensável para a decisão do tratamento, uma vez que pode ser observado o envolvimento de vários elementos, tais como dentes, ossos e musculatura, que caracterizam, respectivamente os tipos de Classe III dentária, esquelética e funcional. Os pacientes que são relutantes em relação à cirurgia, ou encontram-se relativamente satisfeitos com a sua aparência, recorrem a uma das únicas alternativas, que seria tratar por meio de uma compensação dentoalveolar, sem a correção do problema esquelético. O propósito deste trabalho é apresentar um caso clínico de má oclusão de Classe III de Angle, paciente R. L. (21anos), diagnosticado, através de exames clínico e radiográfico, como Classe III esquelética. Utilizou-se a filosofia de Ricketts (arco seccionado) para realizar o tratamento ortodôntico compensatório com a utilização da alça de forças paralelas para distalizar os primeiros molares inferiores, levando-os a relação de Classe I de Angle. O tratamento durou um ano e seis meses, o perfil côncavo do paciente se manteve. Concluiu-se, portanto, que o tratamento com arcos seccionados é uma excelente opção para a distalização dos molares inferiores nas más oclusões de Classe III de Angle.
The Reconstruction of Etymon Proto of Sambori and Teta Isolects Spoken in Bima Regency-NTB-Indonesia
Authors: Budasi I Gede
Published: November 2021

The previous studies that describe the phonological system of the isolects and the description of their differing and uniting linguistic features have not yet answered the doubts among Indonesian linguists whether or not the  Proto of Sambori-Teta (PSm-Te)  were descended from Proto Austronesia (PAn). Thus, this article aims to describe the interrelatedness of the two protoes and to describe the types of sound changes from the PAn to PSm-Te etymons.  This descriptive study applied a comparative method by implementing bottom-up and top-down analysis in reconstructing the PSm-Te. The linguistic features as the evidence of the interrelatedness of the two protoes were identified and analyzed using sound change theories. This study found 1691 (99.35%)  definitive etymons of PSm-Te among 1702 etymons of Sambori and Teta Isolects identified in this study, and the types of sound change from PAn to PSm-Te etymons showed addition, deletion, metathesis, diphthongization, fusion, fortition, lenition, fronting, and backing. The definitive PSm-Te and the identified types of sound changes can be used as the linguistic evidence to determine that PAn descend PSm-Te. Therefore Sambori and Teta isolects reflect PSm-Te.
Dā'ish vs Tanẓīm Al-Dawlah: BREAK Analysis of The Names of ISIS in Arab Mass Media
Authors: Reflinaldi Reflinaldi , Sawirman Sawirman , Usman Fajri
Published: November 2021

This study aims to analyze the meaning of ISIS names in the Arab mass media from the BREAK theory perspective. The research data were taken from two Syrian mass media: Tishrīn and ‘Inab Baladī. The name Dā’ish is used as the primary discourse, while the name Tanẓīm Al-Dawlah is a secondary discourse. The data was collected by observing the basic technique of tapping and the advanced technique of note-taking. Data analysis was carried out using identity method. The findings show that the meaning of primary discourse is structured through the eclectic use of theory on aspects of sound, form, meaning construction, and meaning changes. The analysis found that primary discourse has a negative meaning tendency and is contrary to religion’s moral values (Islam) and state. Meanwhile, the meaning of secondary discourse is carried out by combining the theory of nominal groups, word structures, nominal relations, and stylistics. Secondary discourse has an ambiguous meaning because it represents ISIS as an entity that can be understood in two domains at once: organization and state. The comprehensive analysis of BREAK has shown clear linguistic stages of meaning so the meaning of ISIS names can be clearly understood.
Antigone’s Phallus Envy and Its Comparison to Indonesian Dramas’ Characters: A Freudian Perspective
Authors: Amelia Dina
Published: November 2021

Antigone’s character has developed phallus envy. Phallus envy seems to also appear in the Indonesian dramas Djinak-Djinak Merpati and Kami, Perempoean which were written during the Japanese colonialization in Indonesia. Freudian perspective, in this case, Freudian psychoanalysis helps to scrutinize the characters in the dramas. This research is to present and elucidate Antigone’s phallus envy and its comparison to Indonesian dramas by applying Freud’s Id, Ego, and Superego. The qualitative method is applied based on the theory used. Antigone’s phallus envy is the result of her traumatic past experiences as well as the stereotype and position of women in the ancient Greek era. Similar to the characters from the Indonesian dramas, Moerni, Sri, and Aminah. The causes of their phallus envy are emphasized on the stereotype of women in Indonesia during Japanese colonization that influences the way they think and behaves toward the people around them, especially men.
Doenças notificáveis segundo a forma de transmissão em um hospital de referência na Amazônia oriental brasileira
Authors: Miranda Vanessa Pompeu Baia , Santos Gabriela de Cássia Oliveira dos , Farias Thais Cristina Borges , Barros Silvia Helena Portilho de , Marsola Lourival Rodrigues , Silva Ariana Santana da , Pereira Marcela Emilly da Silva , Macena Jennifer Karen Ferreira , Reis Danielle Saraiva Tuma dos
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: Descrever dados clínico-epidemiológicos, a taxa de incidência e mortalidade em municípios das mesorregiões paraense relacionados às Doenças de Notificação Compulsória (DNC), ano 2018, segundo as doenças de transmissão respiratória, infecções transmitidas por insetos vetores, doenças relacionadas ao contato com coleções de água/solo e Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, retrospectivo, transversal e quantitativo. População composta por notificações compulsórias de usuários confirmados, segundo critérios de inclusão preestabelecidos. Utilizado o banco de dados próprio do serviço de vigilância epidemiológica hospitalar onde o estudo ocorreu. Resultados: As DNC destaques foram Meningites, Tuberculose, Leishmaniose Visceral e Síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida ≥ 13 anos, esta última com predomínio na taxa de mortalidade. O sexo masculino prevaleceu, havendo notoriedade para lactantes, crianças e adultos jovens; municípios do Nordeste Paraense foram mais numerosos e insidiosos. Conclusão: Este estudo evidenciou DNC com grande visibilidade no estado do Pará, dentre as quais, as de transmissão respiratória. Resultados referentes ao perfil clínico-epidemiológico estavam intrinsecamente relacionados às características epidemiológicas de DNC prevalentes no estudo, já impactos socioambientais podem justificar a notoriedade à mesorregião Nordeste do estado. A Amazônia Oriental urge pesquisas epidemiológicas, que norteiem políticas públicas de saúde aos moldes das reais necessidades da população paraense.