bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Physical Work Environment of Miners in Kutai Kartanegara, East Kalimantan
Authors: Pujianti Putri , Djunaidi Zulkifli
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Mining is a field of work that has a high potential of risk, both in terms of health risks and safety risks. In its business processes, environmental factors are one of the potential risks that cannot be avoided by every employee. Physical work environment factors are everything around the workplace that can affect workers, either directly or indirectly, and can cause health problems such as headaches, dizziness, nausea, shortness of breath, fatigue, and dehydration. This study aims to determine the physical environmental factors that greatly influence employee productivity. Methods: This study used quantitative methods and the secondary data. Measurement of physical factors applied the standard Threshold Limit Value (TLV) in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Manpower of the Republic of Indonesia Number 05 of 2018. Measurements were carried out in the workshop areas, ports, heavy equipment units, and office spaces of each department. In this study, measurements of physical climate include work climate, placement, and lighting. Results: The physical work environment is found to be good enough despite being below the standard in some areas, e.g., the lighting at the administration desk, the noise in the generator room, and some heavy equipment such as bulldozers and dump trucks. Conclusions: The physical work environment is still considered safe and will not cause health problems. However, the arrangement of lighting conditions, work climate, and noise can be improved to meet the overall OHS standards and the evaluation of other work environment factors.Keywords: literature review, metal industry, occupational contact dermatitis.
IMPROVING HIGH SCHOOL STUDENT’S KNOWLEDGE ABOUT COVID-19 AND ITS VACCINATIONS
Authors: Yamani Laura Navika , Astutik Erni , Khairunisa Siti Qamariyah , Nadzifah Yasmin Nihayatun , Puspitasari Novia Indah
Published: August 2022

Introduction: COVID-19 continues to be a global problem. Surabaya is among the cities hit by COVID-19. Lack of information and awareness of COVID-19 and its vaccination in teenagers might have impacted their preventative behavior and belief in COVID-19 vaccination. This study examined differences in high school students' understanding of COVID-19 and its vaccination before and after the intervention.
Methods: The quasi-experimental design was utilized in this study, which took place between September and December of 2021. PowerPoint materials (webinar), videos, and pocketbooks about COVID-19 and its vaccination were the educational community initiatives. Students in grades 10-12 at SMA 4 Muhammadiyah Surabaya, MA Mamba'ul Hisan Gresik, and SMA Negeri 1 Sidoarjo participated in the study, and 160 students completed the pre-test and post-test. The study variables were knowledge, student characteristics (gender, age, class, and school origin), and parental characteristics (age, education, and occupation). The paired t-test was used to evaluate the univariable and bivariable data.
Results: With an average pre-test value of 7.09 and a post-test value of 7.94, there was a difference of high school students' understanding of COVID-19 before and after the intervention (p < 0.001). Furthermore, there was also a difference of knowledge about COVID-19 vaccination (p < 0.001), with an average pre-test value of 5.87 and a post-test value of 7.03.
Conclusion: There are considerable differences in students' knowledge of COVID-19 disease and its vaccination before and after the intervention. In order to prevent COVID-19, community service activities involving the distribution of information (webinars), videos, and pocketbooks could help them gain more knowledge.
More efficient vaporization by the 200-W Thulium laser system than by the GreenLight high-performance system (HPS) 120-W system
Authors: Shinohara Masatake , Hirao Yoshihiko , Fujimoto Kiyohide , Saka Toshihisa
Published: August 2022

Aim: We retrospectively compared and evaluated the safety, efficacy, and 1-year outcomes of 200-W Thulium laser vaporization of the prostate (ThuVAP) and the GreenLight high-performance system (HPS) 120-W system for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Methods: Between February 2019 and December 2021, 137 patients with lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to BPH underwent ThuVAP. Between October 2014 and April 2019, 233 patients underwent GreenLight HPS 120-W vaporization of the prostate (HPS-PVP). Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, International Prostate Symptom Scores (IPSS), quality of life (QOL) scores, overactive bladder symptom scores (OABSS), post-void residual (PVR), and maximum flow rates (Qmax) were evaluated before and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. Results: Mean ages in the ThuVAP and HPS-PVP groups were 73.7 and 73.4 years, respectively. Prostate volumes (PV) were 77.0 and 61.4 mL (P < 0.001), respectively. Significant improvements were observed in IPSS, QOL scores, OABSS, Qmax, and PVR in both groups 1 to 12 months after surgery. Laser and hospitalization times were significantly shorter and approximate tissue removal (ΔPV) was significantly larger in the ThuVAP group than in the HPS-PVP group (means, 49.4 min vs. 62.5 min, P < 0.001, means, 4.9 days vs. 5.4 days, P = 0.007, means, 50.4 mLvs. 27.8 mL, P < 0.001, respectively). Vaporization efficiency (ΔPV/laser time) was > 2-fold higher in the ThuVAP group than in the HPS-PVP group (1.1 mL/min vs. 0.5 mL/min). There were significantly fewer postoperative complications in the ThuVAP group than in the HPS-PVP group (13.9% vs. 23.6%, P = 0.030). Conclusion: Both procedures are safe and useful for BPH obstruction. Based on shorter operating and hospitalization times, fewer complications, and more efficient tissue removal, ThuVAP is a more favorable and effective treatment than HPS-PVP.
Fibonacci Sequences, Symmetry and Ordering in Biological Patterns, Their Sources, Information Origin and the Landauer Principle
Authors: Bormashenko Edward
Published: August 2022

Physical roots, exemplifications and consequences of periodic and aperiodic ordering (represented by Fibonacci series) in biological systems are discussed. The role and physical and biological roots of symmetry and asymmetry appearing in biological patterns is addressed. Generalization of the Curie-Neumann Principle as applied to biological objects is presented, briefly summarized as: “asymmetry is what creates a biological phenomenon”. The “up-bottom approach” and “bottom up” approaches to the explanation of symmetry in organisms are presented in detail. The “up-bottom approach”, implies that the symmetry of the biological structure follows the symmetry of media in which this structure is functioning; the “bottom-up” approach, in turn, adopt that the symmetry of biological structures emerges from the symmetry of molecules constituting the structure. A diversity of mathematical measures applicable for quantification of ordering in biological patterns is introduced. The continuous, Shannon and Voronoi measures of symmetry/ordering and their application to biology objects are addressed. The fine structure of the notion of “ordering” is discussed. Informational/algorithmic roots of ordering inherent for the biological systems are considered. Ordered/symmetrical patterns provide economy of biological information, necessary for algorithmic description of a biological entity. Application of the Landauer principle bridging physics and theory of information to the biological systems is discussed.
The fishery of pelagic shrimp aviú Acetes paraguayensis in eastern Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Tenório Geilson Silva , Cintra Israel Hidenburgo Aniceto , Alves Paulo José de Oliveira , Costa Rauquírio Marinho da , Rodrigues Tatiane do Nascimento Medeiros , Bentes Bianca
Published: August 2022

The pelagic shrimp, Acetes paraguayensis Hansen, 1919, is an ecologically important species with an enormous socioeconomic value for the human populations in the regions where it occurs. This species also has considerable potential for shrimp farming, although few details are known of its biology. This study investigated the artisanal exploitation of A. paraguayensis stocks in the northern Brazilian municipality of Santarém over 16 months, focusing on the types of equipment most used to harvest of this shrimp, the fishing dynamics, and production patterns. The matapi trap was the principal method used of harvesting A. paraguayensis in the study region, conforming to a typically artisanal, small-scale fishing production system. This study results provide an essential research tool for developing conservation and management strategies and the eventual establishment of farming protocols.
Japanese Non-State Actors’ Under-Recognised Contributions to the International Anti-Nuclear Weapons Movement
Authors: CHİN Lili , GOVİNDASAMY Geetha , AKHİR Md Nasrudin Md
Published: August 2022

Since the 1950s, Japanese non-state actors in the international anti-nuclear weapons movement have disseminated the dangers of nuclear weapons, tied to Japanese experiences of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945. Coming from the only country that has experienced nuclear attacks, they provide much needed evidence of the humanitarian impacts of nuclear weapons. These actors include survivors of the atomic bombings, commonly known as hibakusha, who have initiated and persistently maintained the humanitarian focus on nuclear discourse for decades. This paper examines their contributions to eyewitness testimonies on the impacts of nuclear weapons and their efforts leading to major milestones in international efforts for nuclear abolition. It also focuses on the roles played by the Japan Confederation of A- and H-Bomb Sufferers Organization (Nihon Hidankyo) and the Japan Association of Lawyers Against Nuclear Arms (JALANA), which made tremendous contributions facilitating the success of the World Court Project in the 1990s and the Humanitarian Initiative in the 2010s that led to the 2017 Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons. Non-state Japanese contributions were, unfortunately, under-recognised, and the successes of international nuclear abolition were often attributed to other international actors. Hence, this paper recognises the contributions of non-state Japanese actors in sustaining the international anti-nuclear weapons movement and achieving the nuclear ban treaty.
Ontological Security and Iran’s Missile Program
Authors: DOLATABADİ Ali Bagheri
Published: August 2022

This article attempts to answer the question of why Iran is reluctant to discuss its
missile program. Unlike other studies that focus on the importance of Iran’s missile
program in providing deterrence for the country and establishing a balance of
military power in the region, or that view the missile program as one of dozens
of post-revolutionary contentious issues between Iran and the United States, this
article looks into Iran’s ontological security. The paper primarily argues that the
missile program has become a source of pride for Iranians, inextricably linked
to their identity. As a result, the Iranian authorities face two challenges when it
comes to sitting at the negotiation table with their Western counterparts: deep
mistrust of the West, and the ensuing sense of shame over any deal on the missile
issue. Thus, Iranian officials opted to preserve the identity components of the
program, return to normal and daily routines of life, insist on the missile program’s
continuation despite sanctions and threats, and emphasize the dignity and honor
of having a missile program. The article empirically demonstrates how states
can overcome feelings of shame and mistrust. It also theoretically proves that
when physical security conflicts with ontological security, governments prefer the
former over the latter, based on the history of Iran’s nuclear negotiations. They
appeal to create new narratives to justify changing their previous policies.
Alignment of Local Wisdom Values ​​with Islamic Law in the Tradition of the Peta Kapanca Ceremony
Authors: Yono Yono , Amrin Amrin , Imamah Ade Irma
Published: August 2022

This research aimed to examine the alignment of local wisdom values ​​with Islamic law in the tradition of the Peta kapanca ceremony in the Ambalawi sub-District. This study used a descriptive qualitative type with a phenomenological and sociological approach. The data collection method used observation, interviews, documentation, and a literature study. While the data analysis technique is descriptive and qualitative by reducing data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that the Peta kapanca  tradition at the wedding ceremony of the Bima tribal community in the Ambalawi sub-district contained local wisdom values ​​in the form of faith values, brotherhood values, mutual help values, and patient values. The values ​​of local wisdom in the Peta kapanca tradition align with Islamic law, namely, having values ​​that do not conflict with Islamic teachings. This made local wisdom in the Peta kapanca tradition and Islamic teachings valuable as instruments in developing Islamic da'wah teachings. In addition, socio-culturally as a bulwark against the modern era in the form of globalization and liberalization due to the influence of outside culture, which is starting to erode.

 

Keywords: Local culture, Islamic law, Peta kapanca, wedding
Learning by Project: Develop Students' Self-reflection and Collaboration Skills Using Team-Based Project
Authors: Nurpratiwi Suci , Amaliyah Amaliyah , Romli Nada Arina
Published: August 2022

This study aims to analyze the development of self-reflection and collaboration skills of students through the implementation of a team-based project model in learning for micro-teaching courses. The research was conducted at the State University of Jakarta, with the research subjects were 41 students. Data collection techniques through observation, documentation, interviews, and self-reflection questionnaires. The results showed that 72.1% of students always evaluate their performance and try to do better in teaching practice based on self-reflection results. The aspect that needs to be improved is speaking skills in front of the class (public speaking). Meanwhile, student collaboration skills have shown to be good, as indicated by the synergy in identifying, researching, analyzing, and formulating answers and solutions to the problems found and stated in the project report.
Differences in Work Engagement Between Civil Servants, Private Employees, Indonesian National Armed Forces And Employees Under Military Foundations
Authors: Bantam Dian Juliarti
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan work engagement antara Pegawai Negeri Sipil, Tentara Nasional Indonesia, Karyawan Swasta dan Karyawan yang berada di bawah Yayasan Militer. Work engagement adalah keadaan pikiran dan perasaan positif yang mengarahkan tindakan seorang karyawan untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan atau tugas di dalam ruang lingkup pekerjaannya secara optimal dan ditandai dengan semangat (vigor), dedikasi (dedication), dan penyerapan terhadap pekerjaan (absorption). Dalam mengungkap work engagement subjek penelitian, digunakan Utrecht Work Engagement Scale 9 version (UWES-9) dari Scaufeli dan Baker yang telah diadaptasi oleh Kristiana, Fajrianthi, dan Purwono (2018). Analisis menggunakan Non-Parametric Uji kruskal walling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan work engagement antara Pegawai Negeri Sipil, Tentara Nasional Indonesia, Karyawan Swasta dan Karyawan yang berada di bawah Yayasan Militer (p = 0.187; p > 0.05). Adapun nilai mean rank pada PNS sebesar 30.75, mean rank pada Karyawan Swasta sebesar 44.21, mean rank pada Karyawan di Bawah Yayasan Militer sebesar 47.29, dan mean rank pada TNI sebesar 48.43. Berdasarkan dari nilai mean rank kategori profesi tersebut dapat diketahui bahwa TNI memiliki work engagement lebih tinggi dibandingkan kategori profesi lainnya, dan PNS memiliki work engagement lebih rendah dibandingkan ketiga lainnya. Secara umum, data menunjukkan bahwa work engagement pada profesi-profesi tersebut berada pada kategori ‘Tinggi’ (43.02%; N=86).
Анализ динамики эпидемического процесса COVID-19 в мире за неделю с 30.07.2022 г. по 05.08.2022 г.
Authors: Гусева Валерия , Поспелов Михаил , Зимирова Анастасия , Иванова Александра , Чумачкова Елена , Дмитриева Людмила , Карнаухов Игорь , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: August 2022

В обзоре представлен анализ эпидемиологической ситуации в странах мира по COVID-19, за неделю с 30.07.2022 г. по 05.08.2022 г.
Sleep Disturbances and Disorders in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis and Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Bartosiak Kimberly , Schwabe Maria , Lucey Brendan , Lawrie Charles , Barrack Robert
Published: August 2022

➤ There is increasing evidence that patient-reported outcomes following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are associated with psychosocial factors and pain catastrophizing. Sleep disturbance, pain, and mental health have a complex interaction, which, if unrecognized, can be associated with impaired patient-reported outcomes and dissatisfaction following TKA.

➤ The gold standard of objective sleep assessment is polysomnography, which is not feasible to use routinely for TKA patients. Wearable devices are a validated and less costly alternative.

➤ Subjective sleep measures, such as the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, or Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) computerized adaptive test sleep domains, are simple to administer and provide additional insight into sleep disturbance. Although objective and subjective measures do not correlate precisely, they can be informative together.

➤ Sleep disturbances in the elderly population are common and multifactorial in etiology, stemming from the interplay of sleep disorders, medication side effects, and pain. Commonly prescribed medications following TKA as well as postoperative pain can exacerbate underlying sleep disturbances.

➤ Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is prevalent in patients seeking TKA. In the setting of OSA, postoperative opioids can cause respiratory depression, resulting in consequences as severe as death. A standardized multimodal pain protocol including anti-inflammatories and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) analogues may allow for decreased reliance on opioids for pain control.

➤ Surgeons should reassure patients that postoperative sleep disturbance is common and transient, collaborate with the patient’s primary care doctor to address sleep disturbance, and avoid prescription of pharmaceutical sleep aids.
Meniscal Extrusion
Authors: Kaiser Joshua T. , Damodar Dhanur , Udine Matthew J. , Meeker Zachary D. , McCormick Johnathon R. , Wagner Kyle R. , Krych Aaron J. , Chahla Jorge A. , Cole Brian J.
Published: August 2022

➢ Pathologic meniscal extrusion can compromise meniscal function, leading to increased contact forces in the tibiofemoral compartment and the acceleration of osteoarthritic changes.

➢ Extrusion is typically defined as radial displacement of ≥3 mm outside the tibial border and is best diagnosed via magnetic resonance imaging, although ultrasonography has also demonstrated encouraging diagnostic utility.

➢ Surgical management of meniscal extrusion is based on the underlying etiology, the patient’s symptom profile, the preexisting health of the articular surface, and the risk of future chondral injury and osteoarthritis.
Deep Learning Approach of Drilling Decision for Subhorizontal Drain Geosteering Based on APC-LSTM Model
Authors: Zhu Dandan , Dai Xinping , Liu Yi , Wang Fei , Luo Xiaoting , Chen Dong , Ye Zhihui
Published: August 2022

Steering drilling is used for exploring oil, natural gas, and other liquid and gaseous minerals. Steering drilling consists of high-efficiency drill bits, steering power drilling tools, and logging while drilling (LWD) and is used in petroleum drilling engineering. This paper mainly discusses subhorizontal drain geosteering, one of the methods of guided subhorizontal drilling. We use the currently popular deep learning method to conduct intelligent guided drilling. Geosteering is a sequential drilling decision process under uncertain stratum environment. However, the current geosteering drilling process relies heavily on manual work and has no use of temporal context. This paper aims to solve decision-making of geosteering in deep well (between 4500 and 6000 km) or ultradeep well (between 6000 and 9000 km). To this end, we make three contributions: (1) a wide-angle eye mechanism to obtain more geological information; (2) an asymmetric peephole convolutional long short-term memory (APC-LSTM) approach for geosteering drilling decision, whose input data were assembled with the wide-angle eye mechanism; and (3) use of the deep convolution generative adversarial networks (DCGAN) model to generate simulated logging data and conduct experiments in the simulation environment to verify our proposed method. APC-LSTM can capture the spatial-temporal correlation better between different strata for decision-making. Meanwhile, the APC-LSTM drilling decision model achieved better performance than other advanced methods in two drilling data sets. Tested in a simulative drilling environment, our proposed model achieves excellent application effect. Moreover, our method has been applied to the wells of oil field in practice.
The regulatory and transcriptional landscape associated with triterpenoid and lipid metabolisms by the bHLH-zip transcription factor SREBP in the medicinal fungus Ganoderma lingzhi
Authors: Liu Yong-Nan , Wu Feng-Yuan , Tian Ren-Yuan , Shi Yi-Xin , Xu Zi-Qi , Liu Ji-Ye , Huang Jia , Xue Fei-Fei , Liu Gao-Qiang
Published: August 2022

Ganoderic acids (GAs) are well recognized as important pharmacological components of the medicinal species belonging to the basidiomycete genus Ganoderma. However, transcription factors directly regulating the expression of GA biosynthesis genes remain poorly understood. Here, the genome of Ganoderma lingzhi was de novo sequenced. Using DAP-seq, we identified putative targets of the transcription factor SREBP, including the genes of triterpenoid synthesis and lipid metabolism. Interactions between SREBP and the targets were verified by EMSA. RNA-seq showed that SREBP targets, mevalonate kinase and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA synthetase in mevalonate pathway, sterol isomerase and lanosterol 14-demethylase in ergosterol biosynthesis, were significantly upregulated in the SREBP overexpression strain. In addition, 3 targets involved in glycerophospholipid/glycerolipid metabolism were upregulated. Then, the contents of mevalonic acid, lanosterol, ergosterol and 13 different GAs as well as a variety of lipids were significantly increased in this strain. Furthermore, the effects of SREBP overexpression on triterpenoid and lipid metabolisms were recovered when OE::SREBP strain were treated with exogenous fatostatin, a specific inhibitor of SREBP. Taken together, our genome-wide study clarified the role of SREBP in triterpenoid and lipid metabolisms of G. lingzhi.
Automatic classification of experimental models in biomedical literature to support searching for alternative methods to animal experiments
Authors: Neves Mariana , Klippert Antonina , Knöspel Fanny , Rudeck Juliane , Stolz Ailine , Ban Zsofia , Becker Markus , Diederich Kai , Grune Barbara , Kahnau Pia , Ohnesorge Nils , Pucher Johannes , Schönfelder Gilbert , Bert Bettina , Butzke Daniel
Published: August 2022

Background: European Union legislature requires replacement of animal experiments with alternative methods, whenever such methods are suitable to reach the intended scientific objective. However, searching for alternative methods in the scientific literature is a time-consuming task that requires careful screening of an enormously large number of experimental biomedical publications. The identification of potentially relevant methods, e.g. organ or cell culture models, or computer simulations, can be supported with text mining tools specifically built for this purpose. Such tools are trained (or fine tuned) on relevant data sets labeled by human experts. Methods: We developed the GoldHamster corpus, composed of 1,600 PubMed (Medline) abstracts, in which we manually identified the used experimental model according to a set of eight labels, namely: "in vivo", "organs", "primary cells", "immortal cell lines", "invertebrates", "humans", "in silico" and "other" (models). We recruited 13 annotators with expertise in the biomedical domain and assigned each article to two individuals. Three additional rounds of annotation aimed at improving the quality of the annotations with disagreements in the first round. Furthermore, we conducted various machine learning experiments based on supervised learning to evaluate the suitability of the corpus for our classification task. Results: We obtained more than 7,000 abstract-level annotations for the above labels. The inter-annotator agreement (kappa coefficient) varied among labels, and ranged from 0.63 (for "others") to 0.82 (for "invertebrates"), with an overall score of 0.74. The best-performing machine learning experiment used the BioBERT pre-trained model with fine-tuning to our corpus, which gained an overall f-score of 0.82. Conclusions: We obtained a high agreement for most of the labels, and our evaluation demonstrated, that our corpus is suitable for training reliable predictive models for automatic classification of biomedical literature according to the used experimental models. Our "Smart feature-based interactive" search tool (SMAFIRA) will employ this classifier for supporting the retrieval of alternative methods to animal experiments. The corpus and the source code will be made available.
A postnatal network of co-hepato/pancreatic stem/progenitors
in the biliary trees of pigs versus humans
Authors: Reid Lola , Zhang Wencheng , Lanzoni Giacomo , Wauthier Eliane , Simpson Sean , Allen Amanda , Suitt Carolyn , Dominguez-Bendala Juan , Cardinale Vincenzo , Alvaro Domenico , Overi Diletta , Gaudio Eugenio , Carpino Guido , Mathews Kyle , Adin Chrisotopher , Piedrahita Jorge , Sethupathy Praveen , He Zhiying
Published: August 2022

A network of co-hepato/pancreatic stem/progenitors exists postnatally in the intrahepatic, extrahepatic and intrapancreatic biliary trees of pigs and humans and found to support hepatic and pancreatic regeneration throughout life. The stem/progenitors have genetic signatures in liver/pancreas-related RNA-seq data based on Correlation, hierarchical clustering, KEGG and Short Time-series Expression Miner (STEM) analyses. Representative phenotypic traits are expression of pluripotency genes (SOX2, OCT4, KLF4), endodermal transcription factors (SOX9, SOX17, PDX1, NGN3), other stem cell traits (NCAM, EpCAM, BMI-1, CD44), and proliferation biomarkers (Ki67).
Stem/progenitor niches in vivo are in peribiliary glands (PBGs) throughout the intrahepatic and extrahepatic biliary tree, in duodenal submucosal glands (Brunner’s Glands), and in pancreatic duct glands (PDGs). The highest numbers of niches in humans are in PBGs in the hepato/pancreatic common duct, a duct missing in pigs; by contrast, the highest numbers in pigs are in Brunner’s Glands and in a subset of PDGS, those nearest to the duodenum. Elsewhere in PDGs in the porcine pancreas, and in all PDGs in the human pancreas, are found only committed unipotent and bipotent progenitors.
Multipotentiality of the stem/progenitors was indicated by their ability to yield hepatic versus pancreatic fates under distinct ex vivo conditions or in vivo when organoids of them were transplanted onto liver versus pancreas using patch grafting strategies. The findings establish pigs as logical hosts for translational/preclinical studies assessing grafts of organoids of the biliary tree’s co-hepato/pancreatic stem cells as cell therapies for diseases and dysfunctions in liver and pancreas both for humans and for veterinary animals.
Household disinfection practices by women living in Egypt during the 2020 COVID-19 lockdown and the association of information sources and suspected bleach toxicity
Authors: Farid Maha , Talaat Rania , Pacino Valerie , Tak Hyo Jung , ElRayes Wael
Published: August 2022

The spread of contradictory health information was a hallmark of the early COVID-19 pandemic. Because of a limited understanding of the disease, its mode of transmission, and its pathogenicity, the public turned to easily accessible and familiar sources of information. Some of these sources included wrong or incomplete information that could increase health risks and incidents of toxicity due to improper information about the usage of disinfectants. In this study, 452 adult women living in Egypt were surveyed through a self-administered online questionnaire in Arabic. The questionnaire collected data about their household cleaning and disinfection practices to prevent the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and protect their families during the lockdown that started in Egypt in March 2020. The study found that 88.1 percent of participants reported increased use of disinfectants during the lockdown. Women who chose social media as their primary source of information to learn about disinfection practices reported an increased frequency of respiratory symptoms associated with bleach toxicity, followed by women who depended on relatives and friends as the primary source of information. This study showed that social media is a powerful tool that can act as a primary source for individuals seeking medical information. Restrictions and regulations may help limit the harms caused by the misinformation and disinformation spread by these popular modes of communication, particularly in times of uncertainty and upheaval.
Analysis of Length of Stay and Treatment Emergent Complications in Hospitalized Myasthenia Gravis Patients with Exacerbation
Authors: Ramsaroop Taylor , Gelinas Deborah , Kang Seung Ah , Govindarajan Raghav
Published: August 2022

INTRODUCTION/AIMS: Myasthenia Gravis (MG) is an autoimmune neuromuscular disease in which patients suffer from recurrent exacerbation. There are insufficient data measuring the effects of the resources employed before and during acute exacerbation on subsequent disease outcomes. This study aims to identify factors which lead to lengthened hospital stay. METHODS: This is a retrospective chart review of acute MG exacerbations requiring hospitalization. Exacerbations were identified using ICD-9/ICD-10 codes and considered the following variables: age and Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America (MGFA) class at initial MG diagnosis, age and MGFA class at exacerbation, sex, thymectomy, cause of exacerbation, treatment regimen at time of exacerbation, inpatient treatment regimen, length of hospital stay (LOS), intubation, use of noninvasive ventilation, complications, and disposition.RESULTS: Seventy patients with 141 hospitalizations were identified. Crisis management characterized by intubation and plasmapheresis positively correlated with LOS (both p<.001). Almost 1/5 hospitalizations required intubation. Previous thymectomy negatively correlated with LOS (p <.05). In contrast, male sex correlated with longer LOS (p<.05). One-third of hospital stays were followed by discharge to a post-acute care facility, 7% home with home health, and 1 hospitalization resulted in death. DISCUSSION: Plasmapheresis, intubation, and male sex were associated with increased LOS in acute MG exacerbation. Intubation appears to be the strongest predictor of LOS. Those with previous thymectomy had shorter hospital stays. The role of thymectomy in the acute setting merits further analysis.
Efficacy of acetaminophen on preemptive multimodal analgesia in total knee arthroplasty: a prospective, double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Wang Qiuru , Wang Zhuoer , Ma Ting , Wang Liying , Zhao Chengcheng , Kang Pengde
Published: August 2022

BackgroundPreemptive multimodal analgesia is a commonly used method to control pain following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of preemptive acetaminophen for pain management in patients who underwent TKA.MethodsIn this prospective, double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial, 80 patients were randomized to the acetaminophen or control group. Patients in the acetaminophen group received celecoxib 400mg, pregabalin 150mg, and acetaminophen 325mg 2 hours before TKA. Patients in the control group received celecoxib, pregabalin, and placebo. Primary outcome was postoperative consumption of morphine hydrochloride used for rescue analgesia. Secondary outcomes included the time to the first rescue analgesia, postoperative pain as assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS), functional recovery as assessed by range of knee motion and ambulation distance, the time to hospital discharge, and complication rates.ResultsThere was no significant difference between the control group and the acetaminophen group in postoperative 0–24 h morphine consumption (average 11.3 mg vs. 12.3 mg, p = 0.445) and total morphine consumption (average 17.3 mg vs. 19.3 mg, p = 0.242). There was no significant difference in the time to the first rescue analgesia, postoperative VAS pain scores at any time points, postoperative functional recovery of knee, and the time to hospital discharge. The two groups had a similar occurrence of postoperative complications.ConclusionsThe addition of acetaminophen to preoperative preemptive multimodal analgesia could not reduce postoperative morphine consumption or improve pain relief. Orthopedic surgeons should reconsider routine use of preemptive acetaminophen in TKA.Trial registration: The study was prospectively registered on Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (identification number: ChiCTR2100052732) on 04/11/2021. http://www.chictr.org.cn/edit.aspx?pid=136730&htm=4
Impaired STING activation due to a variant in the E3 ubiqitin ligase AMFR in a patient with severe VZV infection and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: Thomsen Michelle , Heinz Johanna , Hollensen Anne , Carter-Timofte Madalina , Fisker Niels , Zhang Baocun , Paludan Søren , Assing Kristian , Mogensen Trine
Published: August 2022

Varicella zoster virus (VZV) is a neurotropic alphaherpesvirus exclusively infecting humans, where it causes two distinct pathologies: varicella (chickenpox) upon primary infection and herpes zoster (shingles) following reactivation. In susceptible individuals, VZV can give rise to more severe clinical manifestations, including disseminated infection, pneumonitis, encephalitis, and vasculopathy. Here we describe a 3-year-old boy with severe VZV infection involving the central nervous system, subsequently triggering longstanding hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). We found that the patient carries a rare monoallelic variant in autocrine motility factor receptor AMFR encoding an ubiquitin ligase involved in innate cytosolic DNA sensing and interferon (IFN) production through the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase – stimulator of IFN genes (cGAS-STING) pathway. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from the patient exhibited impaired signaling downstream of STING in response to the cGAS agonists 2’3’-cGAMP and dsDNA, as well as decreased IFN induction in response to herpes virus. VZV replication in patient PBMCs was found to be slightly increased compared to healthy controls. Overexpression of the variant AMFR p.R594C resulted in decreased K27-linked STING ubiquitination compared to expression of WT AMFR. This work links defective AMFR-STING signaling to severe VZV disease and hyperinflammation and suggests a direct role for cGAS-STING in control of viral infections in humans.
Biopsy-proven stromal fibrosis: what is the appropriated management approach?
Authors: Gopee-Ramanan Prasaanthan , Keshavarzi Sareh , Kulkarni Supriya , Grant Allison , Au Frederick , Ghai Sandeep , FREITAS VIVIANNE
Published: August 2022

Purpose: Assess the upgrade rate of biopsy-proven stromal fibrosis without associated atypiato inform the most appropriate management approach in patients with biopsy-proven stromal fibrosis without associated atypia.Materials and Methods: REB-approved consecutive retrospective review of patient’s data of imaging-guided biopsy-proven stromal fibrosis carried out between 2014 and 2019. The upgrade rate of malignancy and the imaging features of the upgraded cases on surgical excision were recorded. The results were correlated with surgical histopathology as the ground truth or an uneventful clinical and radiological follow-up of at least 2 years. Predictors for malignancy were examined, and appropriate statistical tests were applied. Results: Out of 9814 consecutive imaging-guided breast biopsies performed during the study period, 334 patients (4.8%) median age 52 years, had biopsy-proven stromal fibrosis without atypia and fulfilled the inclusion criteria, representing the study cohort. Out of 334 cases, 4 cases (1.2%) were upgraded to malignancy in the two years follow-up. Older patients (> 50 years) are associated with an upgrade to malignancy (p <0.001), and those with a personal history of breast cancer have a trend to upgrade to malignancy (p=0.066). No other clinical and imaging features are related to the malignancy upgrade.Conclusion: For benign radiology-pathology concordant stromal fibrosis on imaging-guided breast biopsy, the upgrade for biopsy results demonstrating stromal fibrosis without atypia is low at 1.2% but not 0; therefore diagnostic follow-up for 2 years as BI-RADS 3 (defined as <2% chance of malignancy) is warranted. Older patient age (> 50 years) and those with a personal history of breast cancer are subgroups of patients that may justify multidisciplinary discussion and possible re-sampling.
Mutated genes on ctDNA detecting postoperative recurrence presented reduced neoantigens in primary tumors in colorectal cancer cases
Authors: Nagayama Satoshi , Kobayashi Yuta , Fukunaga Mitsuko , Sakimura Shotaro , Sugimachi Keishi , Sasaki Shin , Masuda Takaaki , Mafune Ken-ichi , Oshima Masanobu , Shibata Tatsuhiro , Suzuki Yutaka , Mimori Koshi
Published: August 2022

It is essential to comprehend the specific traits of mutated genes observed commonly not only at primary sites but recurrent sites. They were applied to be monitoring targets of circulating tumor (ct) DNA in liquid biopsy assay for the detection of postoperative recurrence. In the current retrospective study, we conducted target resequencing of ctDNA using 47 plasma samples and established a cancer panel carrying the commonly mutated genes between primary and recurrent tumors. We found that mutated genes in ctDNA indicated immune-resistance traits with respect to the impaired ability to present neoantigens by loss of expression or binding affinity to HLA in the primary tumor. Compared with the estimated neoantigens from all mutated genes in primary tumors, the neoantigen peptides from commonly mutated genes between primary and recurrent tumors showed abundant and significant expression with no binding affinity to HLA. Therefore, ctDNA mutations can be frequently and postoperatively detected to identify recurrence; however, these mutated genes were derived from immune-tolerated clones owing to the loss of neoantigen presentation in primary CRC tumors.
Routine clinical measurements effective for the evaluation of the impact of multiple sclerosis on vision-related quality of life early in the disease course?
Authors: Tooulias Christos , Alonistiotis Dimitrios , Stavrakas Panagiotis , Papathanassiou Miltiadis , Karabatakis Vassilios , Kozobolis Vassilios , Kitsos Dimitrios , Theofilou Paraskevi , Voumvourakis Konstantinos , Androu Angeliki
Published: August 2022

PURPOSE To determine how vision-related quality of life (QoL) correlates to mean and quadrant retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFL) and mean standard deviation in visual field in mildly impaired patients with multiple sclerosis with (MSON) or without (MSNON) previous monocular optic neuritis. METHODS 25 MSNON patients, 14 MSON patients and 22 matched healthy controls were included in this study. Vision-related QoL was assessed with the 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ). All patients underwent spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT) and Humphrey 30 − 2 visual field measurements. OCT images were segmented for the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL). RESULTS Vision-realted QoL was better for MSNON patients in comparison to MSON patients (p = 0,037) but worse in comparison to healthy controls (p < 0.001). Peripapillary and quadrant RNFL was not different for MSNON and MSON patients. MD was lower for MSNON patients in comparison to MSON patients (p = 0,047). Finally, vision-related QoL was not in any way associated with all measurements. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that mildly impaired MS patients still experience a significant decrease of their vision-related QoL, independent of previous acute demyelinating events affecting their visual pathway. This result suggests a review and possible readjustment of the proposed time-frame of intervention. More sensitive than routine clinical measures are warranted in order to predict the impact of early clinical stages of MS on vision.
WITHDRAWN: Improving Deepfake Video Detection Using Data Augmentation Techniques
Authors: Doshi Harshil Dharmesh , Savla Akshat Nitin , Dholakia Sagar Sunil , Gandhi Hrim Deepak , Suratkar Shraddha , Kazi Faruk
Published: August 2022

The quantity and quality of the training data greatly influence the outcome of deep learning-based face-related tasks. However, gathering and labeling sufficient samples of adequate quality with a balanced distribution remains an expensive and laborious task. Hence, several data augmentation approaches have been extensively employed to enhance the quality and increase the quantity of the training dataset. This paper proposes a deep learning Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based approach for Deepfake detection on the CelebDF dataset, in which several data augmentation techniques such as traditional augmentations, GridMask, face morphing, and style transfer are systematically examined to improve the capabilities of state-of-the-art Deepfake detection approaches. The problems and positive effects of each augmentation method are analyzed and compared in a concise yet informative manner. The trained model is then evaluated against an unseen test datum based on metrics like precision, recall, and F1-score, thereby deciding the best augmentation strategy for the chosen dataset.
Responses of Tetranychus urticae (Koch, 1836) and Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor, 1954) to the application of salicylic acid on bean cultivars.
Authors: Bertolo Fernanda de Oliveira de Andrade , Ott Ana Paula , Sant'Ana Josué
Published: August 2022

This study evaluated the influence of exogenous application of salicylic acid in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Fepagro26 and Garapiá cultivars on the biology and chemotaxis response of T. urticae and, N. californicus. The experiments were carried out in an acclimatized room at 25±ºC, UR 70 ± 10% and photophase for 16 hours. To verify the doses of AS in contrast to oviposition of T. urticae, three females of the mite were placed per plant/cage after 48 hours of application of the treatments: leaf with water, leaf with water + 1% alcohol, leaf with water + 5% alcohol, 0.5mM, 1mM and 2.5mM salicylic acid. Oviposition was monitored daily for 96 hours and the results were submitted to factorial ANOVA. Both cultivars showed interaction between AS doses and number of T. urticae eggs. The regression analysis between AS doses and number of eggs showed a correlation only for Garapiá (R2 = 99.54). The attractiveness of T.urticae was verified in a dual-choice olfactometer (Y), where the phytophage was attracted by the combination of the cultivar Garapiá and application of a 0.5 mM dose of AS (p < 0.01). For N. californicus, the attractiveness was also verified in a dual-choice olfactometer (Y), where only volatiles from cv. Fepagro26 plus the presence of T. urticae (48h after infestation) triggered responsive chemotaxis behavior. These results suggest that AS can be a promising tool in the integrated pest management of this phytophagous, but in the studied cultivars it influenced the chemotaxis orientation of the predator.
Exclusive breastfeeding intention and associated factors in pregnant women: findings from a population-based study
Authors: Zhao Hong , Ma Li , Mi Yang , Gao Ruoxuan , Wei Junxiang
Published: August 2022

Background
The benefits of breastfeeding especially exclusive breastfeeding have been well recognized.
Aim
To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of exclusive breastfeeding intentions for the first six months among pregnant women.
Methods
A self-designed questionnaire was adopted to collect information on maternal intention on exclusive breastfeeding and other related social characteristics. The primary outcome was intention of mother on exclusively breastfeeding which derived by a response to the question “would you be will to breastfeed exclusively for the first 6 months?” Adjusted odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals were obtained by multiple logistic regression after adjusted by maternal age.
Findings:
A total of 2,479 pregnant women in the third trimester were interviewed. 60.8% of them planned to exclusively breastfeed during the first 6 months. After adjusted by maternal age, intentions to exclusively breastfeed was lower in mothers with a graduate degree (OR,0.70; 0.525–0.987). Mothers who received supports of exclusive breastfeeding from spouses and parents were more likely to intent to exclusively breastfeed than those not. The intention of exclusively breastfeed was higher among mothers (OR = 1.436, 1.199–1.719) who participated in breastfeeding courses during pregnancy were pregnant women independent influencing factors of breastfeeding intention in late pregnant women.
Conclusion
Over half of the pregnancy women showed an intention to exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months. Antenatal breastfeeding courses and supportive practices from family need to be enforced to improve mothers' and family members' perception about exclusive breastfeeding, in order to increase the rate and duration of exclusive breastfeeding.
Impact of postmastectomy radiation therapy on breast cancer patients according to pathologic nodal status after modern neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Kim Dowook , Kim Jin Ho , Kim In Ah , Chang Ji Hyun , Shin Kyung Hwan
Published: August 2022

Purpose:
The utility of postmastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) for breast cancer patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is highly controversial. This study evaluated the impact of PMRT according to pathologic nodal status after modern NAC.
Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed 682 patients with clinical stage II–III breast cancer who underwent NAC and mastectomy from 2013 to 2017. In total, 596 (87.4%) patients received PMRT, and 86 (12.6%) did not. We investigated the relationships among locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRRFS), disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), and various prognostic factors. Subgroup analyses were also performed to identify patients who may benefit from PMRT.
Results:
The median follow-up duration was 67 months. In ypN + patients (n = 368, 51.2%), PMRT showed significant benefits in terms of LRRFS, DFS, and OS (all p < 0.001). In multivariate analyses, histologic grade (HG) III (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.67, p = 0.002), lymphovascular invasion (LVI) (HR = 2.38, p = 0.045), and ypN2–3 (HR = 2.37, p = 0.02) were significant risk factors for poor LRRFS. In ypN1 patients with more than two prognostic factors among luminal/HER2-negative subtype, HG I-II, and absence of LVI, PMRT had no significant effect on LRRFS (p = 0.18). In ypN0 patients (n = 351, 48.8%), PMRT was not significantly associated with LRRFS, DFS, or OS. However, PMRT showed better LRRFS in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients (p = 0.03).
Conclusion:
PMRT had a major impact on treatment outcomes in patients with residual lymph nodes following NAC and mastectomy. Among ypN0 patients, PMRT may be beneficial only for those with TNBC.