bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A real-world registry of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC): REMPRO study.
Authors: Gonzalez Francisco , Kodagali Rohit , Tung Teresa , Masoud Mohamed , Rajadhyaksha Viraj
Published: March 2023

TPS286

Background: Rapidly expanding treatment armamentarium for mCRPC calls for an appropriate patient and treatment selection, and sequencing with existing agents. Data describing mCRPC management are fragmented across Africa, Asia Pacific, Latin America, and the Middle East with marked cross-country differences in treatment practices and patient outcomes. To address these gaps, we have established an mCRPC registry (REMPRO) that aims to describe the real-life treatment patterns and their associated survival outcomes in patients with mCRPC in non-US and non-European region. The results of this study may serve as baseline data for the policy makers in devising access programs for novel therapies in this region. Methods: REMPRO is an ongoing multinational, multicenter, retrospective, non-interventional real-world cohort study in adults diagnosed with histologically or radiologically confirmed mCRPC between 01 January 2016 and 31 December 2018 who have progressed on androgen deprivation therapy alone and received at least one line of treatment in routine clinical care, with at least 12 months of available records. After obtaining informed consent, clinical information from medical records (from index date [mCRPC diagnosis] to end of follow-up [until death, last record entry or date of data extraction]) is captured into electronic system. Data collection includes demographics, clinico-pathological characteristics, disease status, treatments received, outcomes, laboratory results, comorbidities, and healthcare resource utilization. Primary outcome analysis will describe real-world treatment patterns (monotherapy or as combinations) for overall cohort, each country, and in pre-defined subgroups like castration sensitivity, ECOG performance, AJCC staging, Gleason grade and/or score, site of metastases, and genetic alterations ( BRCA1/BRCA2 and/or HRRm). Secondary outcome analysis will include overall and real-world progression-free survival associated with different treatment regimens using Kaplan–Meier method. Of the planned sample size of 991 patients, a total of 760 patients with mCRPC have been enrolled until 26 August 2022 from 34 oncology centers across 8 countries (Colombia: 51, Egypt: 83, India: 200, Peru: 32, Saudi Arabia: 16, South Korea: 300, Turkey: 53, UAE: 25). Analysis of the dataset for primary and secondary endpoints have not been performed. Clinical trial information: NCT04801186 .
A phase I/II dose-escalation study of fractionated 225Ac-J591 for progressive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) in patients with prior treatment with 177Lu-PSMA.
Authors: Nauseef Jones T. , Sun Michael Philip , Thomas Charlene , Bissassar Mahelia , Patel Amie , Tan Angela , Fernandez Escarleth , Davidson Zachary , Chamberlain Tessa , Earle Kara , Wunder Rebecca , Huicochea Castellanos Sandra , Gregos Peter , Osborne Joseph , Ballman Karla V. , Molina Ana M. , Sternberg Cora N. , Nanus David M. , Bander Neil Harrison , Tagawa Scott T.
Published: March 2023

TPS288

Background: As prostate-specific membrane antigen targeted radiotherapy (PSMA-TRT) is now an active standard-of-care treatment in mCRPC, ongoing studies with alternative approaches to targeting PSMA will increasingly need to consider the consequences of sequential PSMA-TRT exposure. Our past and ongoing investigations into antibody-based targeting (e.g., J591) and potent alpha emitting payloads (e.g., 225Ac) impact drug kinetics, biodistribution, and resultant clinical toxicities. In a first-in-human phase I dose-escalation study of 225Ac-J591, patients with mCRPC were treated with a single dose of 225Ac-J591 on seven dose levels, up to 93.3 KBq/kg without achievement of maximal tolerated dose (MTD). One patient treated at 80 KBq/kg developed dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) of Gr 4 anemia and thrombocytopenia, but 0 of 6 at 93.3 KBq/Kg had Gr > 3 heme toxicity or Gr > 2 non-heme toxicity. Although not intentionally preselected for prior exposure, 55% (12/22) of patients had 177Lu-PSMA previously. With approval of 177Lu vipivotide tetraxetan, we amended an ongoing phase I dose-escalation study to include a post-177-Lu-PSMA cohort. Methods: Entry criteria include progressive mCRPC by PCWG3 criteria, ECOG PS 0-2, intact organ function, and prior receipt of AR pathway inhibitor and chemotherapy (or refused/ineligible). There is no limit to prior lines of therapy except alpha-emitting therapies (i.e., PSMA-TRT, 223Ra) and in this amended dose-escalation cohort, all patients must have had prior treatment with 177Lu-PSMA. Treatment will be given in a single fractionated cycle of 225Ac-J591 administered on D1 and D15. The phase I component is a 3+3 dose-escalation study design with up to 18 patients, with the goal of identifying MTD. The phase II component will include up to 16-19 patients in a Simon 2-stage design with 90% power to exclude the null hypothesis (35% or fewer patients with PSA50). Eligible men with negative PSMA PET scans will be offered treatment with informed consent in an exploratory subgroup but will not be counted towards phase II efficacy. Secondary outcomes include radiographic response by PCWG3-modified RECIST 1.1 criteria and PSMA PET, biochemical and radiographic progression-free survival, circulating tumor cell counts, and overall survival. Patient reported outcomes, genomic, and immune analyses are exploratory. Enrollment to the post-177Lu-PSMA cohort began in August 2022. Clinical trial information: NCT04506567 .
Study EV-104: Phase 1 study of intravesical enfortumab vedotin for treatment of patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC)—Trial in progress.
Authors: Kamat Ashish M. , Steinberg Gary D. , Inman Brant Allen , Kates Max R. , Uchio Edward M. , Porten Sima P. , Roupret Morgan , Redorta Joan , Catto James W.F. , Kulkarni Girish S. , Powles Thomas , Tyson Mark , Haas Gabriel P. , Yu Yao , Birrenkott Matthew , Lotan Yair
Published: March 2023

TPS582

Background: The majority of patients with bladder cancer present with non-muscle invasive disease (Chang 2016; Woldu 2017; Kates 2020; Li 2020). The standard of care for treatment of high risk NMIBC involves transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TURBT) followed by intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) or chemotherapy. Although the response rate to BCG therapy is high, many patients recur within 1–5 years (Matulay JU 2021). For patients who have BCG unresponsive disease after adequate course of BCG, there are limited options. While radical cystectomy (RC) is still considered the standard of care, most patients are reluctant to undergo RC and their options are limited to intravesical chemotherapy or pembrolizumab. Enfortumab vedotin (EV) is an antibody-drug conjugate directed to Nectin-4, which is highly expressed in bladder tumors. In EV-301, a phase 3 study, EV showed an OS benefit vs chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma (la/mUC) who had previously received platinum-based therapy and a PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitor (Powles NEJM 2021). Based on its demonstrated benefit in la/mUC, EV is currently being evaluated in earlier UC settings. The purpose of this study is to investigate the intravesical administration of EV for patients with NMIBC. Methods: EV-104 (NCT05014139) is a phase 1, open-label, multicenter, dose-escalation and dose-expansion study designed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, PK, and antitumor activity of intravesical EV in adults with high-risk BCG-unresponsive NMIBC (carcinoma in situ with or without papillary disease) who are ineligible for or refuse RC. The dose escalation part of the trial aims to identify the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and/or recommended dose of intravesical EV. The dose expansion part will evaluate patients at the MTD or recommended dose and further characterize safety and antitumor activity of intravesical EV. The study treatment regimen will include an induction phase, where patients will receive intravesical EV weekly for 6 weeks followed by monthly maintenance for a total of 9 additional EV doses. Patients will be assessed for response every 3 months by cystoscopy and urine cytology, while on study. Safety and antitumor activity endpoints will be summarized using descriptive statistics. The study is currently enrolling in the US with additional sites planned in Canada and the EU. Clinical trial information: NCT05014139 .
TROPHU-U-01 cohort 5: Evaluation of maintenance sacituzumab govitecan (SG) plus zimberelimab (ZIM), ZIM, or avelumab in cisplatin-eligible patients (pts) with unresectable or metastatic urothelial cancer (mUC).
Authors: Powles Thomas , Necchi Andrea , Duran Ignacio , Loriot Yohann , Ramamurthy Chethan , Recio-Boiles Alejandro , Sweis Randy F. , Bedke Jens , Tonelli Julia , Sierecki Mitch , Grivas Petros , Barthelemy Philippe
Published: March 2023

TPS598

Background: SG is an antibody-drug conjugate composed of an anti-trophoblast cell-surface antigen-2 (Trop-2) antibody coupled to a topoisomerase-I inhibitor, SN-38, via a hydrolyzable linker. In Cohort 1 of the phase 2 TROPHY-U-01 trial, SG monotherapy resulted in a 27% objective response rate (ORR) and median overall survival (OS) of 10.9 months with an overall manageable toxicity profile in pts with locally advanced or mUC who previously received platinum-based therapy and a checkpoint inhibitor (CPI; Tagawa S, et al. J Clin Oncol. 2021). These results led to accelerated FDA approval of SG in this population. The CPI ZIM is a fully human IgG4 monoclonal antibody targeting PD-1. CPIs are active in mUC, including avelumab that is FDA-approved as switch maintenance therapy for locally advanced or mUC that has not progressed with first-line platinum-based chemotherapy. Cohort 5 of the TROPHY-U-01 trial will evaluate the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of SG + ZIM vs ZIM alone vs avelumab as switch maintenance in pts with mUC who have received gemcitabine (GEM)/cisplatin without progressive disease (PD). Methods: TROPHY-U-01 (NCT03547973) is a multicohort, open-label, global, phase 2 trial. Cohort 5 includes pts who have not progressed after completion of 4-6 cycles of GEM/cisplatin. Key eligibility requirements include ≥18 y; ECOG PS 0-1; available tissue for biomarker testing; adequate blood counts without transfusion or growth factor within 2 weeks of study drug initiation; creatinine clearance ≥30 mL/min. A safety lead-in of 6-8 pts will be conducted, where pts will be treated with SG 10 mg/kg IV on D1 and D8 of a 21-D cycle plus ZIM 360 mg IV q3wk on a 21-D cycle. On safety lead-in, if SG + ZIM is deemed safe, pts will be randomized 1:1:1. Those in Arm 1 will receive SG 10 mg/kg IV on D1 and D8 of a 21-D cycle followed by ZIM 360 mg IV, q3wk (D1 of a 21-D cycle). Pts in Arm 2 will receive avelumab 800 mg IV q2wk (D1 of a 14-D cycle). Pts in Arm 3 will receive ZIM 360 mg IV q3wk. All pts will continue treatment until PD, unacceptable toxicity, or loss of clinical benefit. The primary endpoint is progression-free survival based on central review by RECIST 1.1 criteria. Secondary endpoints include OS (all arms), safety/tolerability of SG in combination with ZIM (Arm 1). Cohort 5 aims to enroll an estimated 158 pts. A sample size of 50 pts per randomized arm is determined based on clinical consideration for exploring the activity of anticancer agents. Clinical trial information: NCT03547973 .
Phase 3 LITESPARK-022: Pembrolizumab (pembro) plus hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (HIF-2α) inhibitor belzutifan as adjuvant treatment for clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).
Authors: Choueiri Toni K. , Bedke Jens , Karam Jose A. , McKay Rana R. , Motzer Robert J. , Pal Sumanta Monty , Suárez Cristina , Uzzo Robert , Liu Hong , Burgents Joseph E. , Sharma Manish , Powles Thomas
Published: March 2023

TPS748

Background: Treatment with the PD-1 inhibitor pembro produced significant improvement in disease-free survival after surgery for patients (pts) with ccRCC in the phase 3 KEYNOTE-564 trial. Based on these results, pembro was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency for adjuvant treatment of pts with RCC at increased risk of recurrence following nephrectomy or following nephrectomy and resection of metastatic lesions. Despite advances in the treatment landscape for RCC, more effective adjuvant treatment strategies are needed for pts at risk of recurrence after surgery. HIF-2α is an established oncogenic driver in ccRCC, and promising antitumor activity in advanced ccRCC and von Hippel-Lindau disease–associated RCC has been demonstrated with the HIF-2α inhibitor belzutifan. The multicenter, double-blind, randomized, phase 3 LITESPARK-022 study (NCT05239728) will evaluate the efficacy and safety of pembro plus belzutifan compared with placebo plus pembro as adjuvant treatment following nephrectomy in pts with ccRCC. Methods: Key eligibility criteria include adults with histologically or cytologically confirmed intermediate-high risk, high risk, or M1 with no evidence of disease (NED) RCC with a clear cell component; pts with no prior systemic therapy, nephrectomy, and/or metastasectomy ≤12 weeks before randomization; and pts who are tumor free per computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging. Approximately 1600 pts will be randomly assigned to receive belzutifan 120 mg orally once daily plus pembro 400 mg intravenously (IV) every 6 weeks (Q6W) for ≤9 administrations (~54 weeks) or oral placebo plus pembro 400 mg IV Q6W for ≤9 administrations (~54 weeks) or until verified disease recurrence by blinded independent central review, start of new anticancer treatment, unacceptable toxicity, or decision to withdraw. Stratification factors are tumor grade (1 or 2 vs 3 or 4) and risk type (intermediate-high risk versus high risk versus M1 NED). Pts will be radiologically evaluated Q12W from randomization through year 2, Q16W in years 3 to 5, and Q24W in years 6 and beyond. Adverse events will be monitored throughout the study and for 30 days following cessation of study treatment (90 days for serious adverse events). The primary end point is disease-free survival. Secondary end points include overall survival, safety, disease recurrence–specific survival, and patient-reported outcomes. Recruitment is underway in Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America. © 2022 American Society of Clinical Oncology, Inc. Reused with permission. This abstract was accepted and previously presented at the 2022 ASCO Annual Meeting. All rights reserved. Clinical trial information: NCT05239728 .
Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Therapy as a new Treatment Option for Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Mikłosz Agnieszka , Chabowski Adrian
Published: March 2023

The worldwide increase in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus has raised the demand for new therapeutic strategies targeting diabetic symptoms and its chronic complications. Among different treatment options for diabetes, adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) therapy attract the most attention. The therapeutic effects of ADMSCs are based primarily on their paracrine release of immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and trophic factors. Animal models of diabetes as well as human clinical trials have shown that ADMSCs can effectively facilitate endogenous β cell regeneration, preserve residual β cell mass, reduce islet graft rejection, regulate the immune system, and ultimately improve insulin sensitivity or ameliorate insulin resistance in peripheral tissues. Nevertheless, transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells is associated with certain risks; therefore recently much attention has been devoted to ADMSCs derivatives, such as exosomes or conditioned media, as therapeutic agents for the treatment of diabetes. Compared to ADMSCs, cell-free therapy has even better therapeutic potential. This narrative review summarizes recent outcomes and molecular mechanisms of ADMSCs action in the treatment for both type 1 DM and type 2 DM, as well as shows their feasibility, benefits, and current limitations.
Expression of Neurotensin and Its Receptors Along the Intestinal Tract in Type 2 Diabetes Patients and Healthy Controls
Authors: Gilliam-Vigh Hannah , Jorsal Tina , Nielsen Sophie W , Forman Julie L , Pedersen Jens , Poulsen Steen S , Vilsbøll Tina , Knop Filip K
Published: March 2023

Context

Enteroendocrine N cells secrete neurotensin (NTS). NTS reduces food intake in rodents and may increase insulin release. In humans, postprandial NTS responses increase following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, associating the hormone with the glucose- and body weight-lowering effects of these procedures.

Objective

We looked at N cell density and mucosal messenger RNA (mRNA) expression profiles of NTS and NTS receptors in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients and healthy controls.

Methods

Using double-balloon enteroscopy, 12 patients with T2D and 12 sex-, age-, and body mass index–matched healthy controls had mucosa biopsies taken from the entire length of the small intestine (at 30-cm intervals) and from 7 anatomically well-defined locations in the large intestine. Biopsies were analyzed using immunohistochemistry and mRNA sequencing.

Results

N cell density and NTS mRNA expression gradually increased from the duodenum to the ileum, while negligible NTS-positive cells and NTS mRNA expression were observed in the large intestine. NTS receptor 1 and 2 mRNA expression were not detected, but sortilin, a single-pass transmembrane neuropeptide receptor of which NTS also is a ligand, was uniformly expressed in the intestines. Patients with T2D exhibited lower levels of NTS-positive cells and mRNA expression than healthy controls, but this was not statistically significant after adjusting for multiple testing.

Conclusion

This unique intestinal mapping of N cell density and NTS expression shows increasing levels from the small intestine's proximal to distal end (without differences between patients with T2D and healthy controls), while negligible N-cells and NTS mRNA expression were observed in the large intestine. Sortilin was expressed throughout the intestines in both groups; no NTS receptor 1 or 2 mRNA expression were detected.
An Eightfold Taxonomy of Harmonic Progressions, and Its Application to Triads Related by Major Third and Their Significance in Recent Screen Music
Authors: Murphy Scott
Published: March 2023

A hybridization of two recent innovations in music theory—a focus on the progression of two triads as a unitary analytical object, and a component-wise formation of a set of equivalence classes—brings together under one conceptual and labeling system eight different approaches to the classification of harmonic progression. A holistic adoption of these eight approaches, each already preexisting within music scholarship in some partial or complete form, affords precise and gradated statements regarding the styles, associative meanings, and hermeneutics of music for recent multimedia. To that end, this article pays particular attention to progressions of like-moded triads a major third apart, as demonstrated through analyses of music for the television series Bridgerton and the movie Ex Machina.
Synthesis of 11C-Radiolabeled Eribulin as a Companion Diagnostics PET Tracer for Brain Glioblastoma
Authors: Niwa Takashi , Tahara Tsuyoshi , Chase Charles E , Fang Francis G , Nakaoka Takayoshi , Irie Satsuki , Hayashinaka Emi , Wada Yasuhiro , Mukai Hidefumi , Masutomi Kenkichi , Watanabe Yasuyoshi , Cui Yilong , Hosoya Takamitsu
Published: March 2023

The successful 11C-radiolabeling of eribulin, an analog of the marine natural product halichondrin B, and an approved anticancer drug for the treatment of breast cancer and liposarcoma, is reported. A rapid sequence involving a nitroaldol reaction with [11C]nitromethane and subsequent reduction of the nitro group enabled the introduction of a carbon-11 atom at the C35-position of eribulin. Optimization of the reaction and purification conditions led to a reproducible synthetic method for [35-11C]eribulin with 248 ± 104 MBq of radioactivity, 88.2 ± 5.8% radiochemical purity, and 132 ± 32 MBq/nmol molar activity. The total synthetic time was 38.0 ± 1.3 min (n = 12). PET imaging using mice bearing brain tumors revealed a specific accumulation of [35-11C]eribulin in tumors without any significant metabolic changes. These results indicate the applicability of [35-11C]eribulin for the quantitative measurement of eribulin migration into tumor tissue, which would be beneficial for exploring the application of eribulin for glioblastoma treatment and estimating the appropriate dosage for each patient.
APOYO ENTRE PARES Y APRENDIZAJE DE FRAGMENTOS LÉXICOS EN INTERACCIONES ENTRE JÓVENES DE EDADES MIXTAS ESTUDIANTES DE INGLÉS COMO LENGUA EXTRANJERA.
Authors: Kos Tomáš
Published: March 2023

Este estudio investigó la naturaleza y el alcance del apoyo proporcionado por seis estudiantes de inglés como lengua extranjera (EFL) de primaria (de 10 a 12 años) durante interacciones entre pares de edades mixtas en tareas comunes de clase dirigidas a trozos léxicos. Basado en la teoría sociocultural y a partir de grabaciones de audio del trabajo en parejas, de grabaciones de vídeo de toda la clase, de pruebas previas y posteriores, y del análisis del trabajo escrito de los estudiantes, el objetivo principal de este estudio era examinar la interacción momento a momento e identificar los tipos de apoyo que los compañeros se prestan mutuamente en las interacciones entre compañeros de pares de edades mixtas. El objetivo secundario era establecer vínculos entre el apoyo de los compañeros y los resultados del aprendizaje. Los resultados revelan que los compañeros se proporcionaban apoyo cognitivo, lingüístico y socioemocional. Sin embargo, la naturaleza y el alcance de este apoyo diferían ampliamente entre las parejas y parecían ser un factor importante en la mediación de los resultados del aprendizaje. Se discuten las implicaciones para la investigación y la pedagogía. Este estudio contribuye a la investigación interaccional de la adquisición de segundas lenguas con instrucción, mostrando cómo los jóvenes estudiantes en las aulas de EFL se apoyan mutuamente durante sus interacciones, y cómo su apoyo promueve el aprendizaje de idiomas.
After-Sales Services During an Asset’s Lifetime: Collaborative Planning of System Upgrades
Authors: Sloothaak Fiona , Akçay Alp , van Houtum Geert-Jan , van der Heijden Matthieu
Published: March 2023

We consider a physical asset consisting of complex systems, where the systems may require upgrades during the lifetime of the asset. In practice, the asset owner and system supplier can make the upgrade decisions together, requiring a decision-support model that can be jointly used to optimize the total benefit for both parties. Motivated by a real-life use case including an asset owner and a system supplier, we build a continuous-time model to optimize the upgrade decisions of a system during the fixed lifetime of the asset. In our model, we capture the key critical factors that drive the upgrade decisions: increasing functionality requirements due to evolving technology, age-dependent maintenance costs, a predetermined overhaul plan of the asset, and the lifetime of the asset. A system upgrade is less costly if it is executed jointly with an asset overhaul. We first analyze the case with no additional cost of upgrading outside an overhaul. We analytically characterize the structure of the optimal upgrade policy under various realistic assumptions that lead to different types of cost functions. We then use these results as a building block to characterize the optimal policy for a generalized cost function. When there is a penalty for upgrading outside an overhaul moment, we propose a dynamic programming approach that efficiently determines the optimal upgrade policy by using our analytical results. We also prove that as this penalty increases, the optimal policy can only change to one where the number of upgrades not jointly executed with overhauls is reduced. However, the optimal number of upgrades is a nonincreasing function of this penalty. Also, surprisingly, more overhauls may lead to a smaller number of upgrades under the optimal policy.

Funding: This publication is part of the project “Maritime Remote Control Tower for Service Logistics Innovation (MARCONI)” (project 439.18.309) of the research program “Integrator-Logistics as Enabler for Enhancing Society,” which is (partly) financed by the Dutch Research Council (NWO).
A practical approach to weight loss in adult horses
Authors: Corradini Ignacio
Published: March 2023

Common causes of weight loss in horses include inadequate dietary intake, dental problems and endoparasites. However, once these common causes are ruled out, the spectrum of weight loss causes can be ample and in some cases, may indicate the presence of severe illness. Given the clinical relevance of weight loss, the equine clinician is faced with important questions that need to be answered. A systematic diagnostic approach to weight loss should be followed.
Considering Emotional Intelligence as a Leadership Competency for Lesotho Secondary School Principals
Authors: Sepiriti Sepiriti
Published: March 2023

As an educationist over the years, I have experienced principals’ outburst and their tendency to make a scene out of seemly minor issues that could have been addressed with little modesty. This behaviour has led to an uproar amongst parents, teachers and learners about the school principals’ insensitiveness which is attributed to lack of emotional intelligence (EI) competency. The study is underpinned by the transformational leadership theory which aims at pioneering change of attitude in school leadership so that different educational actors could be influenced to achieve the school and overall educational objectives. This qualitative study generated data from five (5) conveniently selected secondary school principals, five (5) parents and five (5) teachers using semi-structured interviews. Using thematic analysis method, the study revealed that principals with EI are able to enhance school performance and satisfy parents. Thus, the study revealed that EI is useful in establishing and maintaining good relationships with different school stakeholders. It is fundamental in managing conflicts in schools and facilitates constructive management of any stressful situations. The study further revealed that principals could acquire this skill through self-enrichment and induction initiatives by the Ministry of Education and Training (MoET). It is recommended that before principals are appointed, they should be subjected to multiple aptitude tests to evaluate their knowledge and competencies. Furthermore MoET through its experts should continually induct principals on EI aspects.
The Relationship Between School Administrators’ Paternalistic Leadership Behaviours and Teachers’ Work Alienation Levels
Authors: Çevik Mehmet Nezir , Çevik Mehmet Sabir
Published: March 2023

The study aims to determine the relationship between school administrators’ paternalistic leadership behaviours and teachers’ work alienation levels. The research sample group involves 205 teachers working in the Anatolian high schools in the central district of Siirt. Research data was collected through the “Paternalistic Leadership Behaviours Scale of School Principals” and the “Work Alienation Scale”. According to the descriptive and Pearson correlation analysis results of the research, it was determined that the paternalistic leadership behaviours of the school administrators are at a “strongly agree” level while the work alienation of the teachers is at a “somewhat agree” level, and a negative moderate significant relationship was found between the paternalistic leadership behaviours and the teachers’ work alienation levels. The path analysis revealed that benevolent leadership predicts the powerlessness and meaninglessness dimension negatively significantly; authoritarian leadership predicts the powerlessness dimension positively significantly, and moral leadership predicts meaninglessness and self-estrangement negatively significantly. Moreover, it was also established that, in general, paternalistic leadership behaviours predict the teachers’ work alienation negatively significantly as a whole. As a result of the research, school administrators were suggested to display helpful and ethical behaviours by watching over the teachers in various matters.
Associated factors with adherence to preventive behaviors related to COVID-19 among medical students in the university of Monastir, Tunisia
Authors: Zemni Imen , Zemni Kaouthar , Gara Amal , Maatouk Amani , Ben Fredj Manel , Abroug Hela , Kacem Meriem , Benasrallah Cyrine , Dhouib Wafa , Bouanene Ines , Belguith Sriha Asma
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Medical students should act as a model for the community in terms of compliance with preventive practices toward COVID-19. The aim of this study was to assess adherence to preventive behaviors related to COVID-19 among medical students and to identify its associated factors.

Population and methods

We conducted a cross-sectional survey in October 2020 in the faculty of medicine of Monastir. We included a representative sample of medical students during registration days for the 2020–2021 academic year. The data were collected through a self-administered anonymous questionnaire. Eleven items related to preventive practices against COVID-19 were assessed (respiratory hygiene practices (Six Item), hand hygiene practices (Three Items) and social distancing (two items)). Items were evaluated using a Likert scale of five points (from 0: (Never) to 4: (Always)). The score obtained from the sum of these items allowed to classify students into two categories: “Good compliance” if the score was ≥ 80% and “Poor compliance” if the score was less than 80%. Scores were compared according to the study population characteristics. Multivariate analysis was used to identify associated factors with good practices. The threshold of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results

We included 678 medical students. The average age was 21.76 (SD = 1.89 years) with a sex ratio of 0.40. The protection measures most respected by the participants were related to the respiratory hygiene: correct coverage of the nose and mouth with the mask (80%), wearing masks regardless of the presence of symptoms (73.3%) and coverage of the mouth during coughing or sneezing (76.6%). Adherence to hand hygiene measures ranged from 51.4% to 66.3%. The least respected measures were related to social distancing: distancing of at least one meter from others (31.2%) and avoiding crowded places (42.5%). An overall score ≥ 80% was obtained among 61.5% of students. Referring to multivariate analysis, variables that positively affected the overall score of preventive measures related to COVID-19 were the female sex and living alone, with Beta coefficients of 3.82 and 1.37 respectively. The perceived level of stress, E-cigarette and Chicha consumption negatively affected the score with Beta coefficients of (-0.13), (-5.11) and (-2.33) respectively.

Conclusion

The level of adherence to good practice among medical students was overall moderate. Awareness programs would be needed in this population, especially for men and those who smoke and vape.
Can object identification difficulty be predicted based on disfluencies and eye-movements in connected speech?
Authors: Pistono Aurélie , Hartsuiker Robert J.
Published: March 2023

In the current study, we asked whether delays in the earliest stages of picture naming elicit disfluency. To address this question, we used a network task, where participants describe the route taken by a marker through visually presented networks of objects. Additionally, given that disfluencies are arguably multifactorial, we combined this task with eye tracking, to be able to disentangle disfluency related to word preparation from other factors (e.g., stalling strategy). We used visual blurring, which hinders visual identification of the items and thereby slows down selection of a lexical concept. We tested the effect of this manipulation on disfluency production and visual attention. Blurriness did not lead to more disfluency on average and viewing times decreased with blurred pictures. However, multivariate pattern analyses revealed that a classifier could predict above chance, from the pattern of disfluency, whether each participant was about to name blurred or control pictures. Impeding the conceptual generation of a message therefore affected the pattern of disfluencies of each participant individually, but this pattern was not consistent from one participant to another. Additionally, some of the disfluency and eye-movement variables correlated with individual cognitive differences, in particular with inhibition.
Oxidative stress, dysfunctional energy metabolism, and destabilizing neurotransmitters altered the cerebral metabolic profile in a rat model of simulated heliox saturation diving to 4.0 MPa
Authors: Liu Xia , Fang Yiqun , Xu Jiajun , Yang Tao , Xu Ji , He Jia , Liu Wenwu , Yu Xuhua , Wen Yukun , Zhang Naixia , Li Ci
Published: March 2023

The main objective of the present study was to determine metabolic profile changes in the brains of rats after simulated heliox saturated diving (HSD) to 400 meters of sea water compared to the blank controls. Alterations in the polar metabolome in the rat brain due to HSD were investigated in cortex, hippocampus, and striatum tissue samples by applying an NMR-based metabolomic approach coupled with biochemical detection in the cortex. The reduction in glutathione and taurine levels may hypothetically boost antioxidant defenses during saturation diving, which was also proven by the increased malondialdehyde level, the decreased superoxide dismutase, and the decreased glutathione peroxidase in the cortex. The concomitant decrease in aerobic metabolic pathways and anaerobic metabolic pathways comprised downregulated energy metabolism, which was also proven by the biochemical quantification of the metabolic enzymes Na-K ATPase and LDH in cerebral cortex tissue. The significant metabolic abnormalities of amino acid neurotransmitters, such as GABA, glycine, and aspartate, decreased aromatic amino acids, including tyrosine and phenylalanine, both of which are involved in the metabolism of dopamine and noradrenaline, which are downregulated in the cortex. Particularly, a decline in the level of N-acetyl aspartate is associated with neuronal damage. In summary, hyperbaric decompression of a 400 msw HSD affected the brain metabolome in a rat model, potentially including a broad range of disturbing amino acid homeostasis, metabolites related to oxidative stress and energy metabolism, and destabilizing neurotransmitter components. These disturbances may contribute to the neurochemical and neurological phenotypes of HSD.
The visual design of urban multimedia portals
Authors: Wang Lin , Zhang Yi
Published: March 2023

In the visual design of a portal website, color is the first intuitive factor for users. It is relatively difficult for the designer of a city portal website to choose a color system that represents a city’s unique color from among the many available options. Therefore, this study extracted a decision-making model of the urban color system, which can help decision-makers and designers choose among color systems, and then effectively design a portal website that conforms to local cultural attributes. The proposed method to solve the problem involved obtaining optimal color matching by performing weight analysis of colors through 123 sample color semantics, factor analysis, and a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process. Semantic analysis was used to classify colors into four categories of fashion, technology, calm, and dazzling. The fashion color matching scheme scored relatively high. Web page color matching schemes with a white background were popular, among which a white and green color matching scheme scored relatively high. At the same time, there are differences in color preferences between genders and cultures. This study is significant because it proposes a color decision model for portal websites, which provides a reference value that can also be applied to the selection of color schemes for other types of web pages in the future.
Divide We Fall
Authors: Jensen Jody
Published: March 2023

“World Politics and Economics” asked Jody Jensen for an interview about the American political situation and what to expect in 2023. Jody Jensen is the director of the Polányi Center at the Institute of Higher Studies in Kőszeg, senior researcher at the Institute of Political Science of the Center for Social Sciences, and research director of the ISES Foundation, which operates as the Jean Monnet Center of Excellence. Head of the International Studies Master’s program at Pannon University’s Kőszeg Campus. He was awarded the Jean Monnet Chair for European Solidarity and Social Cohesion (ESSCO) for three years starting in the fall of 2016. He was the national and regional director of the Ashoka Foundation (a supporter of entrepreneurs in the service of social innovation). She regularly teaches abroad, and also takes part in the European Commission’s research application evaluation work.
A megosztottság csapdájában
Authors: Jensen Jody
Published: March 2023

A Világpolitika és Köz-gazdaság interjút kért Jody Jensentől az amerikai politikai helyzetről, és arról, hogy mi várható 2023-ban. Jody Jensen a Polányi Központ igazgatója a Felsőfokú Tanulmányok Intézetében Kőszegen, a Társadalomtudományi Központ Politikatudományi Intézetének tudományos főmunkatársa, emellett a Jean Monnet Kiválósági Központként működő ISES Alapítvány kutatási igazgatója. A Pannon Egyetem Kőszegi Kampuszán a nemzetközi tanulmányok mesterképzés szakvezetője. 2016 őszétől kezdődően három évre elnyerte a Jean Monnet Chair for European Solidarity and Social Cohesion (ESSCO) címet. Az Ashoka Alapítvány (vállalkozók támogatója a társadalmi innováció szolgálatában) nemzeti és regionális igazgatója volt. Rendszeresen oktat külföldön, emellett az Európai Bizottság kutatási pályázatértékelő munkájában is szerepet vállal.
A műszaki és az üzleti tudás összekapcsolása
Authors: Kenéz Dávid
Published: March 2023

A magyar mezőgazdaság a Központi Statisztikai Hivatal (KSH) adatai alapján napjainkban körülbelül mintegy 210 ezer főt foglalkoztat, az élelmiszeripar további 145 ezret; ez azt jelenti, hogy a magyar dolgozó lakosság mintegy 8%-ának ez a szektor ad munkát. Szintén beszédes adat, hogy Magyarország teljes területének 55%-a, azaz 5 millió 81 ezer hektár mezőgazdasági hasznosításban van. Hazánk gazdaságának versenyképessége szempontjából tehát kiemelkedően fontos a mezőgazdaság folyamatos fejlődésben tartása. Ennek egyik legfontosabb alapfeltétele, hogy rendelkezésre álljanak azok a képzett szakemberek, akik lépést tudnak tartani a technológiai fejlődés rendkívül gyors ütemével.
Quiet quitting
Authors: Szabó Dorottya
Published: March 2023

A nyáron vírusként terjedt el a közösségi médiában egy TikTok videó39, ami a „quiet quitting” terminussal ismerteti meg a nézőket. A kifejezés kissé csalóka, mivel alapvetően nem arról van szó, hogy a munkavállalók felmondanak a munkahelyükön, hanem csupán arról, hogy nemet mondanak az úgynevezett „hustle culture”-re. Ez a magyarra nemigen lefordítható terminus nagyjából azt jelenti, hogy a munkavállalók mindent a munkájuknak rendelnek alá, túlórát vállalnak akár fizetetlenül is, egyszóval a munkájuk teszi ki az életük túlnyomó részét. Azok tehát, akik implementálják a „quiet quitting” filozófiáját, tulajdonképpen a minimumon teljesítenek a munkahelyükön, és szigorúan tartják magukat a munkaköri leírásukhoz, nem vállalnak el feladatokat azon felül.
Participación y cuidado en el acompañamiento a jóvenes y adolescentes
Authors: Lázaro Puertas Violeta
Published: March 2023

El cuidado y la salud mental constituyen una nueva necesidad social a la que dar respuesta. En el presente artículo se propone la participación para el cuidado como oportunidad para mejorar el escenario de angustia general derivado de la COVID-19. A través de ejemplos prácticos, se invita al compromiso por parte de los procesos de acompañamiento juvenil de abordar estas cuestiones para construir una narrativa en positivo de la salud mental a través de la cohesión y la transformación social.
Legal Language as an Instrument for Describing Social Reality. Searching for Innovative Narrations
Authors: Kohtamäki Natalia
Published: March 2023

How we function in social reality is determined by various types of cognitive schemas. These concern people, social events and other phenomena. According to the concept offered by various postpositivist currents, including postmodernism, poststructuralism and critical theory, such schemata cannot be objective. The most important element of postmodern considerations is the discovery of the arbitrary nature of modernity. This means rejecting the Enlightenment belief in progress. Innovation, understood as modernity resulting from human reason, is illusory in the postmodern perspective. Innovation consists precisely in a rejection of the myth of the existence of some absolute, objective truths that constitute the social order. The world is textual, made up of many alternative narratives. Definitions, including legal definitions, are socially constructed. They arise from specific social conditions, at a particular stage of development of a particular group. The assumption made by postmodernists is that language, including professional language – such as the language of law or legal language – is neither neutral nor transparent. The innovative power of this language lies in its use of narratives that influence the functioning of social groups of varying degrees of complexity. It is therefore necessary, adopting a postmodern interpretation, to look at the text of legal language in a similar way as we look at other texts. That is, to see in the narrativity of this language structural similarities with other texts that constitute social reality.
Data Altruism or Voluntary Data Sharing in the Economy
Authors: Jacolik Magdalena
Published: March 2023

Along with technological progress, one can observe socio-economic changes taking place, and the transformation of the EU economy into a digital economy is an eloquent example. The scope of this transformation includes data, which plays an important role in the economy. This may be readily inferred from the European Strategy for Data published by the European Commission, which envisages a data-driven economy. The transformation towards a data-agile economy results in certain modification in the legal space. For instance, the proposal for a data governance regulation introduces an entity referred to as a data altruism organisation. The proposed act also requires EU Member States to designate a competent authority. This paper examines the functioning of said organisations and attempts to define their status, and discusses the duties of competent authorities which may possibly supervise the activities of data altruism organisations.
Some Legal Aspects of Plagiarism Among Students
Authors: Sokołowska Anna
Published: March 2023

The paper describes the scope of the legal consequences of plagiarism among students in terms of copyright. The main question is connected with the scope and nature of the copyright protection against plagiarism. The issue is related to the specificity of the social role played by a student and to certain customs in the university community which enforce a certain behaviour and do not always require detailed references to the sources used. All university students have administrative and legal liabilities with regard to the university authorities, and in addition they bear full civil liability for their actions
Naringin promotes positive inotropism in atrial tissue through β-AR/PKA-dependent pathway
Authors: Santos Leonardo Rodrigues dos , Souza Diego Santos , Mesquita Thássio Ricardo Ribeiro , Dantas Cácia Oliveira , Araujo Andreza Melo , Cerqueira Sandra Valéria Santos de , Santos Vinicius Cisneiros de Oliveira , Mota Karina Oliveira , Vasconcelos Carla Maria Lins de
Published: March 2023

Naringin is a flavonoid glycoside found in citrus fruits and grapes with a wide range of therapeutic actions. We aimed to study the inotropic effect of naringin on rat-isolated atria, dissecting intracellular mechanisms involved in this response. Concentration-response curves of naringin (0.003-6 mM) were obtained before and after pre-incubation with selective antagonists. Our results showed that naringin presented a biphasic inotropic response, with a positive inotropic effect at low and middle concentrations (0.003-2.0 mM), and a negative inotropic effect at high concentrations (above 3 mM). Pre-incubation with propranolol or atenolol (β-adrenergic receptors antagonists, β-AR), H89 (protein kinase-A inhibitor, PKA), nifedipine     (L-type Ca2+ channel blocker), or ryanodine (ryanodine receptor inhibitor) fully abolished the positive inotropic effect induced by naringin. Pre-treatment of animals with reserpine, catecholamine-depleting drug, also prevented the increase of atrial contractility evoked by naringin. Altogether, we show that naringin causes a positive inotropic effect in isolated atria through β-AR/PKA-dependent pathway.
Comparative study between supported bimetallic catalysts for nitrate remediation in water
Authors: Rachini Mouhamad , Jaafar Mira , Tabaja Nabil , Tlais Sami , Hamdan Rasha , Al Ali Fatima , Haidar Ola , Lancelot Christine , Kassem Mohammad , Bychkov Eugene , Tidahy Lucette , Cousin Renaud , Dewaele Dorothée , Hamieh Tayssir , Toufaily Joumana
Published: March 2023

As the population grows and the demand for water rises, the development of efficient and sustainable water purification techniques is becoming increasingly important to ensure access to clean and safe water in the future. The pollution of surface and groundwater by nitrate (

NO

3

−

{\text{NO}}_{3}^{-}

) is a growing global concern due to the rise in nitrogen-rich waste released from agriculture and industry. The removal of nitrate ions from aqueous media using bimetallic catalysts loaded on several supports was studied. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes, activated carbon, titanium dioxide, titanium dioxide/multiwalled carbon nanotubes, and Santa Barbara Amorphous-15 were used as supports to synthesize these bimetallic catalysts. The effects of the support type, supported metal, and catalyst reduction method on the nitrate reduction activity in water were investigated. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller isotherm, inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy, and field emission gun scanning transmission electron microscope. In terms of nitrate conversion, high-temperature hydrogen reduction of the catalysts was a more effective method of catalyst preparation than NaBH4 reduction. Except for the carbon nanotube-TiO2 composite, pH fixation using CO2 flow improved the efficiency of supported catalysts. The catalysts 1Pd–1Cu/TiO2 and 1Pd–Cu/SBA-15 presented the highest catalytic activity, but the latter was the most selective to nitrogen.