bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF SURFACE SENSOR AND EXTERNAL REFERENCE NODE ON PROCESS TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT ACCURACY
Authors:   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Baku, Republic of Azerbaijan, ISKANDAROV NABI , BAGISHOV ELMIN , ISGANDARZADA ELCHIN ,   Azerbaijan Technical University, Baku, Republic of Azerbaijan
Published: May 2022

As we know, one of the most important and important issues in the implementation of technological processes is the implementation of accurate and correct temperature measurements. During the research, attention was paid to the measurement errors in temperature measurements of technological processes using thermocouples and methods of minimizing those errors. In addition, errors in thermocouple temperature measurements were briefly discussed, and for temperatures limited to a certain range, the T-type thermocouple achieved several times less error than the allowable error specified in the normative documents. It is known that when describing thermocouples in the technical literature, first of all, industrial devices with high temperature coefficient and medium class accuracy are considered. Also, as we know, in domestic applications, the temperature difference between the measurement and the reference node varies mainly within the minimum threshold range. Therefore, if the main source of error is the internal reference temperature compensation in the measuring instrument, it is almost impossible to determine the proportion of errors due to the thermocouple itself. The study found that the measurement error can be significantly reduced when determining the temperature of technological processes using an external reference node. At the same time, since the special application of temperature measurements of technological processes covers the measurement of indoor and outdoor temperatures, the errors due to the effect of radiation on the sensor from the surrounding surfaces are many times higher than the allowable error. For this reason, tools have been proposed to assess the radiation effects on typical thermocouples, along with proposals for modification of thermocouple sensors to reduce the potential radiation exposure and thus increase measurement accuracy.
COORDINATE INDEXING ALGORITHMS TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE CLASSIFICATION SIGNS-TERMS IN THE SUBJECT AREA
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan, Republic of Kazakhstan, ZHAXYBAYEV DARKHAN , BARAKHNIN VLADIMIR
Published: May 2022

Libraries and Internet searchers are becoming increasingly frustrated with topical access results, in part because of the unmanageability of a wide range of search engines. The need to improve accuracy and limit the size of search queries was the main motivation for this study. The purpose of this article is to explore coordinate indexing algorithms taking into account the classification features-terms in the subject area. The study was written using the material modelling method (mathematical): pre-existing models were used, which offer partial coordination as fundamental to confirm their effectiveness in practice. The measurement method was used to analyse the numerical results. In the presented study, the features and characteristics of partial coordination were presented. In addition, the benefits of partial coordination have been studied. The methodology proposed by the authors focuses on the benefits of a “smart” query that can be executed in an OPAC environment without further effort on the part of the user; the user enters their keywords as before, but “smart” keyword coordination in documents avoids unsuitable partial matches. It was concluded that the order of ranking of documents on the subject should be included in the same way with those unverified records lacking partial coordination of partial documents.
AN ALGORITHM FOR CONSTRUCTING ASSOCIATIVE SERIES OF HASHTAGS FOR SEMANTIC NAVIGATION IN SOCIAL NETWORKS
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation, MAKRUSHIN SERGEY , BLOKHIN NIKITA
Published: May 2022

Nowadays hashtags are an important mechanism of semantic navigation in social media. In this study, we consider the solution of the problem of building associative series of hashtags for one of the largest social networks. These series should meet two criteria: they should be short and shouldn’t have wide semantic gaps between sequential hashtags. An algorithm that allows us to create an associative series of hashtags could be used to increase the quantity of hashtags in posts, which will facilitate semantic navigation through posts in a social network. The paper proposes a formal definition of the semantic path building problem as a multicriteria optimization problem on the co-occurrence network of hashtags in posts. First, we built a co-occurrence network for hashtags from a big dataset of messages from Instagram. Then, we develop a combined optimization function for both criteria from the semantic path building problem. For measuring semantic similarity between hashtags, we use a metric based on the word2vec embeddings of hashtags. Using empirical paths obtained with various algorithms, we tune the parameters of a generalized optimization function that can be used to construct semantic paths using Dijkstra’s pathfinding or special greedy algorithms.
4-VARIABLE BOOLEAN FUNCTIONS REPRESENTATIONS CLASSIFICATION IN THE FORM OF NONLINEARITY MINIMAL DEGREE SEPARATING SURFACES
Authors:   MIREA - Russian Technological University, Moscow, Russian Federation, LAPIKOV IGOR , NIKONOV VLADIMIR , KASYANENKO KRISTINA ,   Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation,   S.M.Kirov Military Medical Academy, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: May 2022

In this paper, a classification study was carried out on the construction of 4-variable Boolean functions representations classification in the form of nonlinearity minimal degree separating surfaces. To construct these surfaces was used an adaptive ellipsoid algorithm based on the Khachiyan algorithm for solving systems of linear inequalities with integer coefficients. To define Boolean functions, we used its graphical representation on the projection of a four-dimensional cube. The classification study carried out was not limited only to the search for a separating surface of the minimum degree of nonlinearity. Additionally, the task was set to find the surface with the smallest number of non-zero nonlinear terms in accordance with a given lexicographic order. Based on the results of the study, a catalog of separating surfaces of the nonlinearity minimum degree with the smallest number of nonlinear terms for Boolean functions of 4 variables is constructed, and it is also determined that 15 classes of geometric equivalence functions have a minimum degree of nonlinearity of 1, 166 - degree 2, 40 - degree 3, and 1 function degree 4.
Identification and Validation of Immune Molecular Subtypes and Immune Landscape Based on Colon Cancer Cohort
Authors: Qi Wenqian , Zhang Qian
Published: May 2022

Background

The incidence and mortality rates of colon adenocarcinoma (COAD), which is the fourth most diagnosed cancer worldwide, are high. A subset of patients with COAD has shown promising responses to immunotherapy. However, the percentage of patients with COAD benefiting from immunotherapy is unclear. Therefore, gaining a better understanding of the immune milieu of colon cancer could aid in the development of immunotherapy and suitable combination strategies.

Methods

In this study, gene expression profiles and clinical follow-up data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases, and molecular subtypes were identified using the ConsensusClusterPlus package in R. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to evaluate the prognostic value of immune subtypes. The graph structure learning method was used to reduce the dimension to reveal the internal structure of the immune system. Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to identify immune-related gene modules. Finally, western blotting was performed to verify the gene expression patterns in COAD samples.

Results

The results showed that 424 COAD samples could be divided into three subtypes based on 1921 immune cell-related genes, with significant differences in prognosis between subtypes. Furthermore, immune-related genes could be divided into five functional modules, each with a different distribution pattern of immune subtypes. Immune subtypes and gene modules were highly reproducible across many data sets. There were significant differences in the distribution of immune checkpoints, molecular markers, and immune characteristics among immune subtypes. Four core genes, namely, CD2, FGL2, LAT2, and SLAMF1, with prognostic significance were identified by WGCNA and univariate Cox analysis.

Conclusion

Overall, this study provides a conceptual framework for understanding the tumor immune microenvironment of colon cancer.
Green and Oolong Tea Extracts With Different Phytochemical Compositions Prevent Hypertension and Modulate the Intestinal Flora in a High-Salt Diet Fed Wistar Rats
Authors: Ye Xin , Tang Xiaojuan , Li Fanglan , Zhu Jiangxiong , Wu Meirong , Wei Xinlin , Wang Yuanfeng
Published: May 2022

Green tea (GT) and oolong tea (OLT) are widely consumed beverages, and their preventive and regulatory effects on hypertension have been reported. However, the interventional effects of GT and OLT on hypertension induced by a high-salt diet and its mechanism have not been fully explored. This study evaluated the anti-hypertensive effects of GT and OLT and their underlying mechanisms. The in vivo anti-hypertensive effects of GT and OLT and their capability to prevent hypertension and regulate the intestinal microbiota in Wistar rats fed with a high-salt diet were evaluated. Our results show that GT and OLT supplementations could regulate oxidative stress, inflammation, gene expression, and parameter levels related to blood pressure (BP) and prevent the increase in BP induced by a high-salt diet. Furthermore, both GT and OLT boosted the richness and diversity of intestinal microbiota, increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria and reduced the abundance of harmful bacteria and conditionally pathogenic bacteria, and regulated the intestinal microbial metabolism pathway related to BP. Among them, OLT presented better effects than GT. These findings indicate that GT and OLT can prevent hypertension caused by high-salt diets, which may be due to the regulation of intestinal flora by GT and OLT.
Characterization of l-Arabinose Isomerase from Klebsiella pneumoniae and Its Application in the Production of d-Tagatose from d-Galactose
Authors: Shin Kyung-Chul , Seo Min-Ju , Kim Sang Jin , Kim Yeong-Su , Park Chang-Su
Published: May 2022

d-Tagatose, a functional sweetener, is converted from d-galactose by l-arabinose isomerase, which catalyzes the conversion of l-arabinose to l-ribulose. In this study, the araA gene encoding l-arabinose isomerase from Klebsiella pneumoniae was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli, and the expressed enzyme was purified and characterized. The purified l-arabinose isomerase, a soluble protein with 11.6-fold purification and a 22% final yield, displayed a specific activity of 1.8 U/mg for d-galactose and existed as a homohexamer of 336 kDa. The enzyme exhibited maximum activity at pH 8.0 and 40 °C in the presence of Mn2+ and relative activity for pentoses and hexoses in the order l-arabinose > d-galactose > l-ribulose > d-xylulose > d-xylose > d-tagatose > d-glucose. The thermal stability of recombinant E. coli cells expressing l-arabinose isomerase from K. pneumoniae was higher than that of the enzyme. Thus, the reaction conditions of the recombinant cells were optimized to pH 8.0, 50 °C, and 4 g/L cell concentration using 100 g/L d-galactose with 1 mM Mn2+. Under these conditions, 33.5 g/L d-tagatose was produced from d-galactose with 33.5% molar yield and 67 g/L/h productivity. Our findings will help produce d-tagatose using whole-cell reactions, extending its industrial application.
Ecological Traits and Trophic Plasticity in The Greater Pipefish Syngnathus acus in the NW Iberian Peninsula
Authors: Planas Miquel
Published: May 2022

The great pipefish Syngnathus acus is one of the most representative European syngnathids, being highly associated with seagrass and macroalgal beds. Surprisingly, the ecology of this large ovoviviparous marine fish has received scanty attention. The population inhabiting three sites on Cíes Archipelago (Atlantic Islands National Park, NW Spain) was monitored in 2017–2018 for spatial and temporal changes in abundances, reproduction traits, trophic niche occupancy, and dietary regimes across reproduction states, through an isotopic (δ13C and δ15N) approach. Abundances were highly variable across seasons and sites, decreasing significantly from mid-autumn. The population consisted almost exclusively of large adults that migrate by the end of the breeding season, which extended from mid-spring to summer. Operational sex ratios suggest that the species is sex-role reversed. S. acus is a secondary consumer (Trophic position = 3.36 ± 0.05), preferring amphipods but displaying annual and seasonal dietary plasticity. Mature fish were less selective than immatures (especially females), with a higher preference for amphipods (36–68%) in the former. The second most-preferred prey were carideans, copepods, or isopods, depending on the year and the reproduction state. Overall, the wider trophic niches in females and immature specimens compared to males and mature fish would indicate a higher variability in both the use of prey resources and/or their origin. The present study highlights the trophic plasticity and unique features of S. acus population in the Cíes Archipelago, especially regarding the outstanding size of the fish and the exceptional occurrence of breeders.
The Investigation on Static Stability Analysis for Reticulated Shell with Initial Defect Value Using Stochastic Defect Mode Method
Authors: He Sheng , Huang Xinheng , Yu Peng , Yun Weijing
Published: May 2022

Regarding the effect of the initial geometric defect (IGD) on the static stability of single-layer reticulated shells, its distribution pattern and magnitude are the main concerns to researchers. However, the suitable selection of the initial geometric defect magnitude (IGDM) is still a controversial topic. Therefore, it is intended to study the determination of the proper IGDM based on the structure force state (SFS) and the defect coefficient. In order to find out a qualified IGDM, more than 5200 numerical cases are carried out for four types of commonly used single-layer reticulated shells with the span ranging from 40 to 70 m and the rise–span ratio from 1/4 to 1/7, within the random defect mode method, by taking both geometric and material nonlinearity into account. The results show that it is more feasible to set the L/500 as IGDM when evaluating the stability of the single-layer reticulated shell. In addition, an updated criterion to identify the SFS at the stability critical state (SCS) is developed.
Circulating miRNAs in Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis
Authors: Cardinali Barbara , Tasso Roberta , Piccioli Patrizia , Ciferri Maria Chiara , Quarto Rodolfo , Del Mastro Lucia
Published: May 2022

Great improvement has been made in the diagnosis and therapy of breast cancer patients. However, the identification of biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognosis, therapy assessment and monitoring, including drug resistance and the early detection of micro-metastases, is still lacking. Recently, circulating microRNAs (miRNAs), circulating freely in the blood stream or entrapped in extracellular vesicles (EVs), have been shown to have a potential diagnostic, prognostic or predictive power. In this review, recent findings are summarized, both at a preclinical and clinical level, related to miRNA applicability in the context of breast cancer. Different aspects, including clinical and technical challenges, are discussed, describing the potentialities of miRNA use in breast cancer. Even though more methodological standardized studies conducted in larger and selected patient cohorts are needed to support the effective clinical utility of miRNA as biomarkers, they could represent novel and accessible tools to be transferred into clinical practice.
Optimal Clinical Target Volume of Radiotherapy Based on Microscopic Extension around the Primary Gross Tumor in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review
Authors: Tamaki Yukihisa , Aibe Norihiro , Komiyama Takafumi , Nagasaka Satoshi , Imagumbai Toshiyuki , Itazawa Tomoko , Onishi Hiroshi , Akimoto Tetsuo , Nagata Yasushi , Nakayama Yuko
Published: May 2022

A crucial issue in radical radiation therapy for non-small-cell lung cancer is how to define the clinical target volume (CTV). Although the scope of microscopic extension (ME) and microscopic proximal bronchial extension (PBE) from a primary tumor should be considered when defining the CTV, there has been limited research on ME and PBE. Therefore, we conducted this systematic review. The PubMed, ICHUSHI (Japanese database), and Cochrane Library databases were searched, and 816 articles were initially retrieved. After primary and secondary screenings, eight articles were ultimately selected. The results of this systematic review suggest the importance of a 0 mm margin in stereotactic radiotherapy for early-stage cancer and a 5–8 mm margin in curative irradiation for locally advanced cancer. Regarding PBE, this review yielded the conclusion that it is appropriate to consider the addition of an approximately 15 mm margin from the bronchial vasculature. Although there were few articles with a high level of evidence, this systematic review enabled us to collate results from previous studies and to provide recommendations, to some extent, regarding the CTV margin in the current clinical environment, where high-precision radiation therapy, such as image-guided radiotherapy and intensity-modulated radiotherapy, is predominant.
Nano-Sized Extracellular Vesicles Secreted from GATA-4 Modified Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote Angiogenesis by Delivering Let-7 miRNAs
Authors: Gong Min , Wang Min , Xu Jie , Yu Bin , Wang Yi-Gang , Liu Min , Ashraf Muhammad , Xu Meifeng
Published: May 2022

We demonstrated previously that extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play a critical role in angiogenesis. Here, we examine whether this pro-angiogenic efficacy is enhanced in EVs derived from MSCs overexpressing GATA-4 (MSCGATA−4). Methods and Results. EVs were isolated from MSCGATA-4 (EVGATA-4) and control MSCs transduced with an empty vector (EVnull). EVs from both cell types were of the same size and displayed similar molecular markers. Compared with EVnull, EVGATA-4 increased both a tube-like structure formation and spheroid-based sprouting of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The EVGATA-4 increased the numbers of CD31-positive cells and hemoglobin content inside Matrigel plugs subcutaneously transplanted into mice for 2 weeks. Moreover, EVGATA-4 encapsulated higher levels of let-7 family miRs compared to EVnull. The transfer of exosomal let-7 miRs into HUVECs was recorded with an accompanied down-regulation of thrombospondin-1 (THBS1) expression, a major endogenous angiogenesis inhibitor. The loss-and-gain of function studies of let-7 miRs showed that let-7f knockdown significantly decreased EVGATA-4-mediated vascularization inside Matrigel plugs. In contrast, let-7f overexpression promoted HUVEC migration and tube formation. Conclusion. Our results indicate that EVs derived from genetically modified MSCs with GATA-4 overexpression had increased pro-angiogenic capacity due to the delivery of let-7 miRs that targeted THBS1 in endothelial cells.
Drug-Induced vs. Viral Maculopapular Exanthem—Resolving the Dilemma
Authors: Khandpur Sujay , Ahuja Rhea
Published: May 2022

Maculopapular exanthem is a commonly encountered presentation in routine clinical practice, and differentiation between its two most common etiologies, i.e., viral- and drug-induced, often poses a diagnostic dilemma. Clinical, hematological and biochemical investigations are seldom reliable in distinguishing between a drug reaction and a viral exanthem. Certain key histopathological features such as the presence of a moderate degree of spongiosis, extensive basal cell damage with multiple necrotic keratinocytes and dermal infiltrate rich in eosinophils or lymphocytes and histiocytes may favor a drug exanthem, while distinctive epidermal cytopathic changes and lymphocytic vasculitis point towards a viral etiology. Similarly, notable immunohistochemical markers such as IL-5, eotaxin and FAS ligand may support a diagnosis of a drug-induced maculopapular eruption. Histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluations may help in distinguishing between the two etiologies when faced with a clinical overlap, especially in patients on multiple essential drugs when drug withdrawal and rechallenge is not feasible.
Neural Networks for Financial Time Series Forecasting
Authors: Sako Kady , Mpinda Berthine Nyunga , Rodrigues Paulo Canas
Published: May 2022

Financial and economic time series forecasting has never been an easy task due to its sensibility to political, economic and social factors. For this reason, people who invest in financial markets and currency exchange are usually looking for robust models that can ensure them to maximize their profile and minimize their losses as much as possible. Fortunately, recently, various studies have speculated that a special type of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) called Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) could improve the predictive accuracy of the behavior of the financial data over time. This paper aims to forecast: (i) the closing price of eight stock market indexes; and (ii) the closing price of six currency exchange rates related to the USD, using the RNNs model and its variants: the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and the Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU). The results show that the GRU gives the overall best results, especially for the univariate out-of-sample forecasting for the currency exchange rates and multivariate out-of-sample forecasting for the stock market indexes.
Remote Prototyping of FPGA-Based Devices in the IoT Concept during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Melosik Michał , Naumowicz Mariusz , Kropidłowski Marek , Marszalek Wieslaw
Published: May 2022

This paper presents a system for the remote design and testing of electronic circuits and devices with FPGAs during COVID-19 and similar lockdown periods when physical access to laboratories is not permitted. The system is based on the application of the IoT concept, in which the final device is a test board with an FPGA chip. The system allows for remote visual inspection of the board and the devices linked to it in the laboratory. The system was developed for remote learning taking place during the lockdown periods at Poznan University of Technology (PUT) in Poland. The functionality of the system is confirmed by two demonstration tasks (the use of the temperature and humidity DHT11 sensor and the design of a generator of sinusoidal waveforms) for students in the fundamentals of digital design and synthesis courses. The proposed solution allows, in part, to bypass the time-consuming simulations, and accelerate the process of prototyping digital circuits by remotely accessing the infrastructure of the microelectronics laboratory.
Construction Management Supported by BIM and a Business Intelligence Tool
Authors: Rodrigues Fernanda , Alves Ana Dinis , Matos Raquel
Published: May 2022

The construction sector generates large amounts of heterogeneous and dynamic data characterized by their fragmentation throughout the life cycle of a project. Immediate and accurate access to that data is fundamental to the management, decision-making and analysis by construction owners, supervisors, managers, and technicians involved in the different phases of the project life cycle. However, since construction project data are diverse, dispersed, uncorrelated, and difficult to visualize, a reliable basis for decision-making can rarely be established by the management team. Aiming to bridge this gap, a methodology for data management during building construction by means of Data with BIM and Business Intelligence (BI) analysis tools was developed in this study. This methodology works by extracting data from 3D parametric model and integrating it with a BI tool, through which data are visualized and interrelated with the same database, the BIM model. To demonstrate the applicability of the methodology, a study case was carried out. It was shown that this methodology provides a collaborative platform for accurate data analysis to the construction management and supervision teams, allowing project stakeholders to access and update data in real-time, in permanent linkage with the BIM model. Additionally, improving the reliability of the decision-making process and ensuring project deliverability, the developed methodology contributes to a more sustainable management process by decreasing errors and resource consumption, including energy. Therefore, the main goal of this study is to present a methodology for data analysis with BIM models integrated with BI for sustainable construction management.
In Vitro and Biological Characterization of Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate Laden pH-Sensitive and Mucoadhesive Hydroxy Propyl β-Cyclodextrin-g-poly(acrylic acid)/Gelatin Semi-Interpenetrating Networks
Authors: Ajaz Nyla , Khan Ikram Ullah , Irfan Muhammad , Khalid Syed Haroon , Asghar Sajid , Mehmood Yasir , Asif Muhammad , Usra  , Hussain Ghulam , Shahzad Yasser , Shah Shefaat Ullah , Munir Muhammad Usman
Published: May 2022

The current study reports the fabrication and biological evaluation of hydroxy propyl β-cyclodextrin-g-poly(acrylic acid)/gelatin (HP-β-CD-g-poly(AA)/gelatin) semi-interpenetrating networks (semi-IPN) for colonic delivery of dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DSP). The prepared hydrogels showed pH-dependent swelling and mucoadhesive properties. The mucoadhesive strength of hydrogels increased with an increasing concentration of gelatin. Based on the swelling and mucoadhesive properties, AG-1 was chosen as the optimized formulation (0.33% w/w of gelatin and 16.66% w/w of AA) for further analysis. FTIR revealed the successful development of a polymeric network without any interaction with DSP. SEM images revealed a slightly rough surface after drug loading. Drug distribution at the molecular level was confirmed by XRD. In vitro drug release assay showed pH-dependent release, i.e., a minute amount of DSP was released at a pH of 1.2 while 90.58% was released over 72 h at pH 7.4. The optimized formulation did not show any toxic effects on a rabbit’s vital organs and was also hemocompatible, thus confirming the biocompatible nature of the hydrogel. Conclusively, the prepared semi-IPN hydrogel possessed the necessary features, which can be exploited for the colonic delivery of DSP.
The Effects of a Non-Technical Skills Training Program on Emotional Intelligence and Resilience in Undergraduate Nursing Students
Authors: Jiménez-Rodríguez Diana , Molero Jurado María del Mar , Pérez-Fuentes María del Carmen , Arrogante Oscar , Oropesa-Ruiz Nieves Fátima , Gázquez-Linares José Jesús
Published: May 2022

There is a growing body of research on emotional intelligence and resilience in nursing students. However, there is little evidence of the development of these variables in intervention programs. This study aims to analyze the effects of a non-technical skills training program in emotional intelligence and resilience. Sixty students in the second year of Nursing Education from a Spanish public university completed this psychoeducational course. The pre-experimental design was longitudinal with pre- and post-intervention evaluation. The course consisted of 12 sessions of classroom education, three small-group workshops and a set of individual activities. Results in the emotional intelligence dimensions showed that Clarity (t = 3.10, p = 0.003) and Repair (t = 3.59, p < 0.001) increased significantly after participation in the program. Furthermore, the participants had a higher Resilience index when they had completed the program, with a statistically significant difference from the pre-course mean (t = 2.83, p = 0.006). This non-technical skills training program was an effective method of improving emotional intelligence and resilience in nursing students. Therefore, its use is recommended as a psychoeducational strategy for training undergraduate nursing students, as it improves their personal and professional competencies, resulting in higher-quality care.
Effect of Glyphosate and Carbaryl Applications on Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) Biomass and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) Root Colonization in Organic Soil
Authors: Freidenreich Ariel , Chanda Saoli , Dattamudi Sanku , Jayachandran Krishnaswamy
Published: May 2022

Pesticide application in horticultural crops has recently multiplied to increase crop yields and boost economic return. Consequently, the effects of pesticides on soil organisms and plant symbionts is an evolving subject of research. In this short-term study, we evaluated the effects of glyphosate (herbicide) and carbaryl (insecticide) on okra biomass and AMF root colonization in both shade house and field settings. An additional treatment, the combination of glyphosate and carbaryl, was applied in the field trial. Soil and root samples were collected three times during the experiment: 30 days after planting (before first spray, or T0), 45 days after planting (before second spray, or T1), and at full maturity (at 66 days after planting, or T2). Our results indicate that glyphosate and combined treatments were most effective in controlling weeds and produced almost 40% higher okra biomass than the control. There was a ~40% increase in AMF root colonization in glyphosate-treated plots from T0 to T1. This result was likely due to high initial soil P content, high soil temperature, and low rainfall, which aided in the rapid degradation of glyphosate in the soil. However, at T2 (second spray), high rainfall and the presence of excess glyphosate resulted in a 15% reduction in AMF root colonization when compared to T1. We found carbaryl had little to negligible effect on AMF root colonization.
Treatment of Peri-Implant Mucositis with Standard of Care and Bioptron Hyperlight Therapy: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Nardi Gianna , Mazur Marta , Papa Giulio , Petruzzi Massimo , Grassi Felice , Grassi Roberta
Published: May 2022

The aim of this study was to evaluate in a cohort of patients with peri-implant mucositis: (a) the efficacy of professional mechanical debridement therapy assisted using Bioptron Hyperlight Therapy on the reduction in periodontal indexes and (b) the reduction in total oxidative salivary stress. Forty subjects with a diagnosis of peri-implant mucositis were enrolled and randomly assigned to the Study Group (mechanical debridement therapy assisted using Bioptron Hyperlight Therapy) or Control Group (mechanical debridement therapy alone). The study duration was 6 months. Data on plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BoP), probing pocket depth (PPD), and pain relief on Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were recorded at T0, T1 (14 days), T2 (1 month), and T3 (6 months). Group differences were assessed using Student’s t-test and Pearson’s Chi-squared test of homogeneity. PI and PPD decreased in the Study Group at the [T0; T1] time interval and during the overall time of observation significantly more than in the Control Group; BoP and pain on VAS decreased significantly faster in the Study Group than in the Control Group. Differences in Salivary Antioxidant Test (SAT) changes were not significant at any time interval. Patients’ gender and smoking habit were not correlated with the clinical outcomes. Clinical parameters related to peri-implant mucositis significantly improved in the Study Group, which demonstrated the clinical efficacy of the Bioptron Hyperlight Therapy as an adjunct to standard of care for the treatment of peri-implant mucositis. The RCT was registered at the US National Institutes of Health #NCT05307445.
Spatial Heterogeneity and Attribution Analysis of Urban Thermal Comfort in China from 2000 to 2020
Authors: Wu Jiansheng , Li Xuechen , Li Si , Liu Chang , Yi Tengyun , Zhao Yuhao
Published: May 2022

Research on urban thermal environments based on thermal comfort can help formulate effective measures to improve urban thermal and human settlement environments, which is of great significance for improving urban quality, urban climate change adaptation, and sustainable development. Taking 344 municipal administrative districts in China as study areas, the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) of each city in the last 20 years was calculated to evaluate thermal comfort. We then analyzed the thermal comfort and spatiotemporal heterogeneity of each city during a typical heat wave. Finally, the driving forces of the potential socioeconomic, natural, and landscape factors influencing thermal comfort were analyzed using geographic detectors. The results show that the thermal comfort index had similar spatial patterns and differentiation characteristics in different years, and the interannual variation was not obvious. Cities in the typical heat wave period were mainly distributed in East and Northwest China. The driving factor in the contribution rate of the same index in different years was basically the same and was not affected by the change in years, and the highest contribution rate was the natural factor.
Subjective Social Mobility among Migrant Children in China
Authors: Lu Wei , Liu Nian , Chen Juan
Published: May 2022

Little scholarly attention has been paid to the relationship between children’s subjective social mobility and their “social ecology”. Children’s subjective social mobility is about how they perceive their future social position compared to their parents’. Social ecology refers to the influential multi-layered surrounding factors, including family, school, and community. We analyzed data from structured questionnaires completed by 2221 migrant children (1296 boys and 925 girls, with a mean age of 11.7 years) from three private schools in Guangzhou and Foshan, China. The findings indicate that participants anticipated a significant improvement in their future social status. Of the factors influencing this belief, community integration has the most significant impact (TE = 0.246), followed by school integration (TE = 0.220) and family socioeconomic status (TE = 0.053). We also found that children’s self-concept plays a role in their perceptions of social mobility. Based on the study results, we propose recommendations to provide migrant children additional protection and enhance their living environment.
From Cone to Seed and Seedling—Characterization of Three Portuguese Pinus pinaster Aiton Populations
Authors: Maia Paula , Corticeiro Sofia
Published: May 2022

Seed production in Pinus pinaster Aiton is not usually considered a limiting factor for natural regeneration; instead, seed weight is a more limiting factor in successful pine recruitment. Divergent relationships between seed weight and germination rate were previously observed amongst maritime pine populations of central coastal Portugal. The present study followed cone-to-seed and seed-to-seedling approaches to decrease intra-specific variability and clarify the impact of cone size and seed mass on seedling recruitment. The main objectives of this study were (1) to determine and compare the mass of cones and seeds of three maritime pine populations located along a geographic gradient along the coastal center of Portugal and (2) to clarify the relations thereof between cone and seed traits with germination phenology and initial seedling growth. Results demonstrated that heavier cones tended to generate more mature seeds, but not necessarily heavier ones, although seed weight was suggested to be an indicator of robust seedlings. The outcomes of this study reinforce the great intra-population variability of maritime pine, showing the ecology of this species and its ability to adapt to various environments successfully.
From Minority to Maturity: The Evolution of Later Lollardy
Authors: Stansfield-Cudworth R. E.
Published: May 2022

Though English supporters of the Oxford theologian John Wycliffe (d.1384)—known as “Lollards”—had been drawn from academic and noble/gentry circles during the later-fourteenth and early-fifteenth centuries, persecution, equation of heresy with sedition, and the failure of Sir John Oldcastle’s Rebellion (1414) ensured overt abandonment of Lollard ideas. Consequently, post-1414 (“later”) Lollardy in England has been characterized as an amorphous, introverted network—appealing to those of lesser socio-economic status—being unworthy of description as a sect because of its deficiency of organization. However, the movement’s consistency and infrastructure are reappraised by considering its heterogeneity in terms of society (demography, literacy, and socio-economic status), interactions (modes of dissemination), and motivation, participation, and organization (appreciating the dynamics of religious movements). From a comparative perspective, Lollardy’s acephalous, reticulate infrastructure—similarly to that of Waldensianism and other movements—may have proved beneficial by facilitating adaptability during persecution thereby ensuring Lollardy’s survival until the Reformation.
A Better Mousetrap: Rube Goldberg and Jewish American Assimilation
Authors: Gimbel Steve , Stern Stephen , Handelman Olivia
Published: May 2022

Rube Goldberg’s cartoons made him the first Jewish-American comedy star, but on the surface his works seem completely American and not at all Jewish. While the content of his most famous comic strip “The Inventions of Professor Lucifer Gorgonzola Butts” is reflective of the American ethos of innovation that was flourishing at the time, his religious roots are present in the form of the cartoons. There are strong structural similarities between these drawings and the European Jewish joke cycle concerning the wise men of Chelm that lampoon the byzantine Talmudic arguments of the rabbinate. In adopting this Jewish form of humor, but substituting the American civil religion of modernist innovative capitalism in the place of Talmudic interpretation as its focus, Goldberg’s humor signals the interest of Jewish Americans to be both Jewish and fully American.
Determination of the effect of milk fat on the inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes by ohmic heating
Authors: ÖZKALE Serap , KAHRAMAN Hatice Ahu
Published: May 2022

Research in recent years has focused on innovative technologies that provide pathogen inactivation without damaging the structural properties of foods. Ohmic heating (OH) is an innovative technology, that provides an effective microbial inactivation with massive and rapid heating. This study aims to determine the effects of milk fat on the inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes by OH with a low voltage gradient. L. monocytogenes (ATCC 13932) inoculated 3.1%, 1.5%, and 0.1% fat-milk samples were heated up to 62°C by OH and conventional heating (CH) process. OH treatment lead to the inactivation of L. monocytogenes in both 1.5% and 0.1% groups and led to approximately 5.30 log decrease, however, there was a 3.10 log decrease in the 3.1% group at 6 min. CH lead to a few reduction as 0.21, 0.29 and 0.39 log in 3.1%, 1.5% and 0.1% fat-milk respectively. In OH, the sublethal injury ratio was higher than CH in all milk groups. However, OH did not statistically change color and pH values at the 6th min of the process, had a significant effect on hydroxymethylfurfural value only in 3.1% fat-milk. In conclusion, the increased fat content may have important inhibitory effects on pathogen inactivation in OH. Thus, the OH conditions should be chosen carefully to sufficient inactivation of pathogens in milk with high-fat content.
PENGARUH PAPARAN PERASAN WORTEL TERHADAP KADAR ASAM URAT PADA LANSIA
Authors: Safarina Lina , Nursidika Perdina
Published: May 2022

Asam urat merupakan produk akhir metabolisme asam nukleat purin. Asam urat disaring oleh glomerulus dan disekresikan melalui tubulus distal ke urin, kebanyakan asam urat direabsorbsi di tubulus proksimal dan digunakan kembali. Asam urat tidak larut dalam plasma dan pada konsentrasi yang tinggi akan disimpan pada sendi dan jaringan, menyebabkan inflamasi yang menyakitkan. Salah satu yang dapat menurunkan hiperurisemia adalah wortel. Pembasaan urin melalui makanan salah satunya wortel dapat mempercepat pengeluaran asam urat melalui urin. Wortel mengandung antioksidan tinggi seperti karotenoid seperti β-carotene. Wortel memiliki sifat diuretik, senyawa penyeimbang N, dan efektif untuk eliminasi asam urat. Vitamin A dalam wortel terbukti bias menurunkan kadar asam urat karena vitamin A dalam wortel akan diubah menjadi asam retinoat dan xanthin oleh xantin oksidase, sehingga tidak akan ada pembentukan asam urat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Mengetahui pengaruh intervensi esktrak wortel terhadap kadar asam urat pada lansia  di Wilayah kerja Puskesmas Cipageran Kota Cimahi yang diintervensi selama 30 hari. metode quasi eksperimen pre post one group design.  Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan cara mengukur kadar asam urat lansia, kemudian melakukan intervensi pemberian ekstrak air wortel kepada lansia dengan asam urat di wilayah kerja puskesmas Cipageran Cimahi dan mengukur kembali kadar asam urat setelah dilakukan intervensi. Analisa data univariat dengan uji mean dan bivariat dengan  t test. Hasil rata-rata kadar asam urat sebelum diberikan ekstrak wortel adalah 7,6 mg/dL dengan standar deviasi 0,417 mg/dL dan standar eror 0,07 mg/dL, sedangkan rata-rata kadar asam urat sesudah diberikan perasan wortel adalah 6,7 mg/dL dengan standar deviasi 0,967 mg/dL dan standar error 0,182 mg/dL. Hasil uji statistik didapatkan pValue=0,001. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa kadar asam urat dapat diturunkan akibat pengaruh intervensi ekstrak wortel.
STUDI LITERATUR: PAPARAN PESTISIDA DAN KEJADIAN GANGGUAN FUNGSI GINJAL PADA PETANI
Authors: Dewi Poppi Nastasia Yunita , Nurjazuli Nurjazuli , Budiyono Budiyono
Published: May 2022

Penyebab utama penyakit ginjal kronis (CKD) secara global adalah diabetes dan hipertensi, tetapi epidemi penyakit ginjal kronis yang tidak diketahui etiologi (CKDu) terjadi di Amerika Tengah dan Indonesia. Meskipun juga diamati pada wanita, CKDu terkonsentrasi pada pria di sektor pertanian. Oleh karena itu, kecurigaan awalnya jatuh pada paparan pestisida, tetapi stres panas kronis dan dehidrasi saat ini dianggap sebagai faktor etiologi utama. Menanggapi keprihatinan masyarakat dan ilmiah yang gigih tentang peran pestisida, peneliti melakukan tinjauan sistematis studi epidemiologi yang membahas hubungan antara indikator paparan pestisida dan kejadian penyakit ginjal kronis (CKD). Dari 3 studi analitik yang kami identifikasi, 2 studi menunjukkan hasil yang positif dan 1 studi negatif. Salah satu penelitian yang dilakukan di Indonesia menyelidiki interaksi antara pestisida dan paparan lain yang terkait dalam pekerjaan pertanian, khususnya faktor lingkungan (kelembaban dan suhu) yang menyebabkan timbulnya tekanan panas dan dehidrasi. Kesimpulannya, penelitian yang ada memberikan bukti yang signifikan untuk hubungan antara pestisida dan epidemi CKDu regional dan adanya peran bahan kimia pertanian nefrotoksik karena penggunaan pestisida yang buruk Penelitian di masa depan harus melakukan penilaian paparan seumur hidup terhadap pestisida spesifik yang relevan dan daya yang cukup untuk melihat interaksi dengan faktor risiko utama lainnya, khususnya tekanan panas.

Kata kunci: Agrokimia, Penyakit Ginjal Kronis (CKD), Etiologi, Paparan, Pestisida
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP IBU TENTANG POLA ASUH PADA BAYI
Authors: Fariji A.Achmad , Dumilah Retno
Published: May 2022

Kurangnya pengetahuan ibu tentang pola asuh pada anak yang dipraktikkan dalam pemberian makanan, pemeliharaan kesehatan, pemberian stimulasi serta dukungan emosioanl yang dibutuhkan anak. Untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap ibu tentang pola asuh yang baik kepada anaknya maka salah satu model pembelajaran yang cukup efektif yaitu model pembelajaran berbasis masalah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran berbasis masalah terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap ibu hamil tentang pola asuh pada bayi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Rengasdengklok Kab. Karawang. Metoda penelitian yang digunakan Quasi eksperimen, sumber data yang digunakan yaitu data primer. Sampelnya adalah Sebagian ibu hamil yang dipilih sesuai kriteria inklusi, jumlah sampel 31 responden. Hasil analisi diketahui ada perbedaan rata rata yang bermakna pada semua kelompok, baik pada pengetahuan maupun sikap, akan tetapi kelompok intervensi perbedaan rata rata pengetahuan lebih besar dibandingkan dengan kelompok non intervensi. Pada sikap diketahui ada perbedaan rata rata yang bermakna pada semua kelompok, akan tetapi kelompok intervensi perbedaan rata rata sikap lebih besar (7,7) dibandingkan dengan kelompok non intervensi. Terdapat peningkatan nilai rata rata pengetahuan dan sikap pada pengukuran pretes dan postes baik pada kelompok intervensi maupun kelompok non intervensi.
LITERATUR REVIEW: FAKTOR LINGKUNGAN DAN KEPADATAN LARVA ANOPHELES DENGAN KEJADIAN MALARIA
Authors: Afrina Yana , Raharjo Mursid , Nurjazuli Nurjazuli
Published: May 2022

Malaria merupakan penyakit menular dengan penyebaran sangat luas di dunia, serta endemis di negara tropis dan subtropis. Sekitar 212 juta kasus malaria terjadi secara global dan 429.000 jiwa meninggal dunia pada Tahun 2015, sebagian besar anak-anak berusia di bawah 5 Tahun. Sekitar 91 negara yang masih endemis malaria di dunia pada awal Tahun 2016, negara dengan permasalahan malaria paling tinggi yaitu di sebagian Afrika, Amerika, Timur Tengah serta Asia. Tujuan literature ini untuk mengetahui hubungan faktor lingkungan dan kepadatan larva Anopheles dengan kejadian malaria dari beberapa penelitian sebelumnya. Jenis penelitian ini adalah literatur review dengan analisis sistematis dan dinilai dengan kesesuaian topik dan kriteria yang diinginkan. Hasil studi dari 11 jurnal ilmiah tentang faktor risiko kejadian malaria menunjukan bahwa faktor yang dominan berhubungan dengan kejadian malaria adalah faktor lingkungan. Hasil studi dari 4 jurnal ilmiah tentang kepadatan larva Anopheles menunjukan bahwa kepadatan banyak ditemukan di kolam bekas kurungan ikan, dan tambak ikan yang terbengkalai.
IDENTIFIKASI KEBERADAAN NYAMUK ANOPHELES SPP: STUDI KASUS DI WILAYAH PELABUHAN DWIKORA PONTIANAK
Authors: Verawati Nelly , Firmansyah Yura Witsqa , Wijayanto Adi , Laksana Harys Tri
Published: May 2022

Nyamuk Anopheles spp sudah tersebar luas di berbagai belahan dunia dari daerah tropis hingga sub tropis, dan merupakan nyamuk pembawa vektor penyakit. Kota Pontianak sebagai kota pelabuhan memungkinkan penyebaran penyakit malaria dan arbovirus dari nyamuk Anopheles spp serta data tentang nyamuk Anopheles spp sebagai vektor masih kurang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah pelaksanaan tugas dan fungsi KKP Kelas II Pontianak dalam melakukan pengendalian risiko lingkungan di bandara, pelabuhan, dan lintas batas darat negara dan mengetahui data populasi nyamuk Anopheles spp di wilayah pelabuhan Dwikora Pontianak. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan desain cross sectional untuk mendapatkan gambaran deskriptif populasi nyamuk Anopheles spp di wilayah Pelabuhan Dwikora Pontianak. Berdasarkan  hasil penelitian gambaran kondisi sekitar pelabuhan Dwikora Pontianak adalah wilayah yang sangat padat dan adanya selokan limbah rumah tangga dan perkantoran. Pada Bulan Februari – Maret 2021 dengan metode penangkapan umpan orang, didapatkan 568 nyamuk diantaranya, Culex quinquefasciatus sebanyak 566 nyamuk (99,6%), dan Aedes albopictus sebanyak 2 nyamuk (0,4%) tidak ditemukan nyamuk Anopheles spp (0%). Berdasarkan jenis kelamin, jumlah nyamuk yang ditangkap di wilayah Perimeter dan Buffer Pelabuhan Dwikora Pontianak sebanyak 568 nyamuk dengan 293 nyamuk jantan (51,58%) dan 275 nyamuk betina (48,42%). Kesimpulan 99,6% nyamuk yang ditangkap adalah nyamuk Culex spp dari spesies Culex quinquefasciatus dan tidak ditemukan nyamuk Anopheles spp (0%)