bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
International tax models towards multinational companies from the perspective of national welfare
Authors: Polezharova L.V. , Goncharenko M.A. , Gryechishkin A.V.
Published: July 2020

The article is dedicated to the development of mathematical models to solve the real scientific task of supporting tax policies for counter-acting tax planning of multinational companies (MNCs) that are working in the field of production and engineering, forming the scheme international prosecutor, from the position of national welfare. Based on the analysis of the existing models of international taxes and on the peculiarities of the real mechanism of tax regulation of capital movement, new models have been developed with a balance orientation. The main points for this balance are: a) an approach aimed at determining the final results of international taxation from the perspective of national economies; b) Take as an example the gap between tax planning measures by multinationals and measures contrary to government tax planning. The approval of models with the case study of the multi-level structure in which, to counteract the tax planning of multinational companies, the Government uses rules of controlled transactions, demonstrated that due to the possibility of development of multinational companies in convenient and extraterritorial jurisdictions, for Government the final result of the application of these rules can be negative. Instead of additional income, you risk reducing the tax base and reducing budget income; And from the perspective of national welfare, this implies losing the income and capital of multinational companies. It is considered important that the rules for the taxation of multinational companies should not focus on taxes as such, but should encourage the maintenance of capital within the territory or facilitate the return of previously disinvested income.
Convergencia a NIIF: impactos en estructura financiera de los fondos de empleados del Departamento de Sucre – Colombia
Authors: Guevara Sanabria Jaime , Tamara Contreras Miguel , Buelvas Peralta Rafael
Published: July 2020

En la presente investigación se evaluó el efecto de aplicar las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera para Pymes en los fondos de empleados del Departamento de Sucre – Colombia, mediante la comparación de los principales indicadores financieros tanto para la norma internacional como en la norma local colombiana. Para lograr la comparación de las dos normas contables y para evitar los problemas de desempeño de los fondos, se tomaron los estados financieros al 31 de diciembre de 2014 bajo norma colombiana y el estado financiero para propósitos de conversión bajo norma internacional al 1 de enero de 2015. Adicionalmente se realizó una modelación para medir el impacto de la norma original NIC 32, en donde se reclasificaron los aportes sociales al pasivo. La investigación fue de carácter descriptiva, y para ello se tomó como base la información reportada por los fondos a la Superintendencia de la Economía Solidaria. Dentro de las principales conclusiones se encuentra que no se visualizan impactos significativos en la estructura financiera de los fondos de empleados de Sucre por el cambio de regulación contable hacia NIIF.
Organizational modeling in production processes of cluster profiles for urban environments
Authors: Lapidus Azariy Abramovich , Topchiy Dmitriy Vladimirovich
Published: July 2020

One of the most important aspects of the development of the urban environment is the comprehensive reconstruction of the municipal development territories, with the aim of creating favorable living conditions and the effective use of the production, engineering, scientific, and other potentials of the complex of edification. The structural condition of many industrial buildings means that they can be operated for more than a decade. This coefficient sparks great interest in industrial buildings precisely for the purpose of their redistribution, rather than reconstruction or demolition combined with new construction. The objective of this study is to define an algorithm for organizational and technological construction, in order to determine the redistribution of industrial facilities. The methodology used refers to the dependency graphs of the relative time loss, versus the redistribution coefficient and also the economic efficiency of the project, versus the actual duration of the construction and installation. From this methodology an adequate mathematical model is introduced.
Diversidad fenotípica de aves criollas de postura basada en caracteres zoométricos
Authors: Galíndez Rafael , Lucas Glenn , Colmenares Omar
Published: July 2020

Con la finalidad de analizar la diversidad fenotípica de aves criollas venezolanas de postura del Laboratorio Sección de Aves, Instituto de Producción Animal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Central de Venezuela, se tomaron medidas zoométricas de 220 gallos y gallinas de las razas FAGRO (n = 33), GDB (n = 65), IPA (n = 36) y Maracay (n = 86). Se consideró el peso vivo, perímetro torácico, longitud corporal, muslo, pierna, tarso, ala, orejilla, barbilla, plumas de cola, altura de cresta y ancho de orejilla. Se realizaron análisis de varianza incluyendo los efectos de sexo y raza, comparando los promedios con la prueba de Duncan. Se calcularon los coeficientes de correlación de algunas medidas corporales. Se ejecutó un análisis discriminante, se calcularon las distancias de Mahalanobis y se graficaron los centroides de cada raza. Todas las medidas resultaron superiores (P<0,05) en los machos con diferencias entre 1 y 57%. Se detectaron divergencias (P<0,05) entre razas, siendo Maracay e IPA las que expresaron mayores valores. La mayoría de las correlaciones de las medidas corporales resultaron altamente significativas, observándose magnitudes superiores en la raza IPA. Las distancias de Mahalanobis basadas en seis caracteres discriminantes, revelaron que las razas más alejadas son Maracay y FAGRO. Se concluye que existe marcado dimorfismo sexual en las aves estudiadas; asimismo, se detectó alta diversidad entre los grupos analizados.
Pengaruh Komunikasi Persuasif dalam Penyuluhan Produksi Pangan Industri Rumah Tangga terhadap Perubahan Sikap Para Usaha Kecil Menengah (UKM) di Kota Bogor
Authors: Fitriah Maria , Ratnamulyani Ike Atikah
Published: July 2020

The purposes of this research: (1) to analyse persuasive communication Bogor City Health Office in counseling Household Food Production Industry, (2) to analyse  change of attitude the Small and Medium Enterprises (UKM) Bogor City, (3) designing persuasive communication to change attitudes the Small and Medium Enterprises (UKM) Bogor City, (4) to analyse the effect of persuasive communication Bogor City Health Office to change attitudes the Small and Medium Enterprises (UKM) Bogor City. This research conducting in Bogor City Health Office area on May 2015. Population of its research is around the Small and Medium Enterprises (UKM) Bogor City community. Sample of research the pain according random sampling amount 30 respondens. Collecting data conducted by observation, questioner, interview, and documentation study. Data analyses by spearman correlation with SPSS program.             Based on research result, persuasive Communication in Extension Food Safety Household Industrial Production has good category, changes in the attitude of the domestic industry has a very good category, the influence of persuasive communication Bogor City Health Department to change the attitude of the Small and Medium Enterprises with a correlation value of 0.494 and interpretation of the correlation coefficient being, design of persuasive communication to change attitudes , namely the existence of elements that include credibility communicator, attractions, and power as well as the elements of a message that includes the concept and format of messages that cause a change in attitude.keyword: persuasive communication , education , attitude change
Kepuasan Siswa Sma (Peserta Program Kunjungan) Terhadap Kinerja Media Promosi Institut Pertanian Bogor
Authors: Chita Putra Rio Fatahillah , Muljono Pudji , Fatchiya Anna
Published: July 2020

Information has become one of the main needs of the community. Now, the trend of high school students in selecting agricultural major, has decreased. Promotion media of university is very important to improve the information, knowledge, and interests of students in selecting agricultural major in university. This study was conducted to know about the performance of promotion media of IPB. This study used a quantitative approach with survey research method. Data analysis methods used correlational descriptive and gratification discrepancy analysis (T-Test). Data collecting used questionnaire to 112 high school student who participants of “visit program”to IPB. The result shows there any differences of student gratification level toward presentation media, Facebook, and Twitter. Presentation media can use as main media in IPB promotion activity, because based on result of gratification discrepancy, the performances was good and significant. Presentation media can use as mainstream media promotion of IPB.Keyword: gratification, high school students, performance, promotion media, university
Peranan Opinion Leader Dalam Kelompok Nelayan Pesisir
Authors: Yusnita Titien , Agung Sarwiti S , Saleh Amiruddin
Published: July 2020

Fishing community is a part of Indonesian people which survives by managing fishery resources. As a society living in an offshore area, fishing community has unique social characteristics which differentiates it from land community. This study aimed to see the cause of poverty and  livelihood strategy of poor household as well as to design the community based-sustainable livelihood strategy. The literature study shows that prosperous coastal fishermen existed among poor coastal fishermen. They differed in social and economic condition. It happened because of the role of a coastal fishermen group which was capable of managing the fund got from government or another institutions. In this case the role of group leader as the opinion leader was very significant that established an effective communication.Keywords : coastal fisherman group, opinion leader
Efektivitas Website Desa Malasari Dan Peran Internet Opinion Leader (Effectiveness of Malasari Village Website and Role of Internet Opinion Leader)
Authors: Mulyawaty Siska , Muljono Pudji , Seminar Kudang Boro
Published: July 2020

Utilization of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is one solution to deliver information of governance and public services optimally to the village level. This research aimed to analyze website visitor characteristics, dimensions of website quality, role of internet opinion leader, and effectivenes of village website, also to analyze the correlation between three variables with effectiveness of village website. This study used correlational approach of quantitative. Data analysis used descriptive and inferential statistical analysis, also t-test analysis. Collecting data used a survey method by spreading e-questionnaire to 40 website visitors of two sample groups, active members of Facebook accounts Pewarta Desa Malasari and commenters on website. Based on the characteristics of website visitors, only indicator of monthly income and frequency of accessing website correlated significantly with effectiveness of village website. Information quality has strongest correlation with the effectiveness of village website, especially on the cognitive effects. The role of internet opinion leaders has no significant correlation with effectiveness of village website. Other findings showed that Facebook account of Pewarta Desa Malasari and Aji Panjalu acted as active internet opinion leaders. Village website can be effective as development information dissemination media by fullfil dimensions of website quality, and maximize the role of internet opinion leaders via social media. The use of social media has become important in supporting the existence of the village website, so it can do further research to see the relationship with the effectiveness of communication.Key words: effectivenness, village website, Facebook, internet opinion leader
Kompetensi Komunikasi Pendamping Dan Kepuasan Petani Dalam Pelaksanaan Program Simantri (Communication Competence of Facilitator and Farmer Satisfaction on Simantri Programme)
Authors: Pradnyani Kadek Diah , Lubis Djuara P , Mulyani Eko Sri
Published: July 2020

This study aims to (1) describe communication competence of facilitator on Simantri programme, (2) describe the level of farmer satisfaction toward facilitator, (3) analyze the relationship of internal and external factors offacilitator with their communication competence, and (4) analyze the relationship of facilitator communication competence with farmer satisfaction. It was a survey study and the unit of analysis was the outsourcing facilitator ofSimantri programme. The respondents were 30 facilitators and 150 farmers of Simantri in Klungkung and Jembrana Regency. The methods of collecting data were questionnaire and interview. The data analyzing technique useddescriptive analyzing, Rank Spearman, and Mann-Whitney assisted by SPSS 22.0. The result indicated (1) the level of communication competence of facilitators in Klungkung and Jembrana are generally high (based on self-report and receiver-report); (2) the level of farmers satisfaction are high; (3) internal factor of facilitator has significant correlations with their communication competence and external factor of facilitator (the number of training) hassignificant correlations with their communication competence; (4) almost all indicators on facilitator communication competence has significant correlations with farmer satisfaction. Keywords: communication competence, farmer satisfaction, Simantri programme
Efektivitas Komunikasi Kepemimpinan Transformasional Ketua RT Terhadap Partisipasi Warga Di Kabupaten Bogor (Communication Effectiveness Transformational Leadership Head of the Neighbourhood Community Against Citizens Participation in Kabupaten Bogor)
Authors: Vellayati Naila , Sarwoprasodjo Sarwititi , Wibowo Cahyono Tri
Published: July 2020

The importance of communication development can help people or parties involved in the development to stay on its tracks and create independence. The aim of this study consists of 1) Analyzing the relationship credibility of Women and Men Head of the Neighbourhood Community 2) Analyzing the relationship between the meeting intensity of the Women and Men Head of the Neighbourhood Community 3) To analyze the relationship of transformational leadership. The unit of analysis in this study comprises of 38 Women and Men Head of the Neighbourhood Community. The location was chosen deliberately, namely the District Dramaga. Parung and Ciomas. The sampling technique used was sensus and quota sampling by Spearman correlation using different teststo see the differences between Women and Men Head of the Neigbourhood Community. Women Head of the Neighbourhood Community shows significant relationships in the credibility, the intensity of the meeting, and transformational leadership. Head of the Neighbourhood Community Men related real on transformational leadership. It said that women and men do not differ regarding the actual transformational leadership related to the level of participation. It happens because when meeting citizens given the opportunity to provide opinions, advice, ideas and information, and if the activities carried out concerning the interests of the shared environment and a sense of solidarity among citizens.Keywords:Communication Development, Rural Development, Neigbourhood Community, TransformationalLeadership, Participation
Pengaruh Penyajian Visual Dan Gaya Bahasa Pada Video Tentang Pariwisata Di Kabupaten Garut Terhadap Peningkatan Pengetahuan
Authors: Nirwana Testa Pradia , Saleh Amiruddin , Matindas Krishnarini
Published: July 2020

Tourism is one of sectors that is much enthused by the world community, this demand has increased annually. Garut is one of the districts in West Java which is interested by tourists. Furthermore, the promotion for the tourism product roles the prominent for the development of communities and regions. The promotion can use media of video through social media. This media is used to provide an illustration and the knowledge of tourism, and convince young travelers to visit the tourist attraction which is offered. The purpose of this study involves 1) to test the effect of visual presentation and style of language through video in increasing students’ knowledge, 2) to analyze the most effective message combination on the media of video about tourism in Garut regency, 3) to analyze the relationship between individual characteristics with improvement knowledge of students. This study employed true experimental methods with 2 x 2 factorial design by using pretest posttest control group design. Dealing with this, factors are used in the visual presentation consists of photos and infographics, and the language style consists of formal and conversational forms. The subjects participating in this study are 75 students of Bogor Agricultural University. The result of this study confirms that the visual presentation and the language style through video have significant influence on the increase of knowledge. The whole combination of treatment is not significantly different from the improvement of knowledge, and the individual characteristics are not significantly related to the improvement knowledge.Keywords: improvement knowledge, language style, video tourism, visual presentation
Challenge of Islamic Education and How to Change
Authors: Ilham Dodi
Published: July 2020

The realignment of the Islamic education system is not just modification or patchwork. Still, it requires reconstruction, reconciliation, and reorientation so that Islamic education can make a significant contribution to the achievement of the take-off stage. In this paper, the author tries to offer several solutive arguments as well as to become a plan for Islamic education. First, it needs a review of the Islamic education system that is currently running while still promoting the spirit of Islamic teachings. The vision is manifest in the form of an attempt to re-dialogue religious texts against every reality that occurs. Second, prepare more mature and quality human resources armed with comprehensive capabilities. Third, reaffirming the role of all elements in education, namely, individuals, families, communities, educational institutions, and the state. Fourth, to unite Islamic spirituality with science and technology as a strong basis for increasingly pressing challenges, Islamic intellectual tradition, is a hierarchy and interconnection between various scientific disciplines that enable the realization of unity (oneness) in diversity, not just in the realm of faith and religious experience, but also in the world of knowledge.
Model of Soul in the Shadrian Episteme
Authors: Faqihuddin Assafary Amir
Published: July 2020

Among critical concepts in Mulla Sadra's thought, which, of course, cannot be discussed separately between the parts. This is because the basic rules in philosophical discourse are universal traits that make it approached from various directions as a unified form of reality. One of Sadra's famous thoughts is the concept of the soul, which is related to the roots of his philosophical doctrine of being. The significance of the discussion of the soul by Mulla Sadra becomes increasingly crucial given the discourse about the soul, especially in the debate of modern European philosophy in such a way that are absurd forms in Islamic religious doctrine. Therefore, seeing the relationship between the two models of approach to the soul is not only the only way to understand the universal message of the Islamic treatise about the soul but also creates a model of dialogue volume two of Ibn Rusyd-Ghazali becoming Mulla Sadra versus Modern Europe.
Herbicide runoff from a soil with different levels of sugarcane straw coverage in Brazil
Authors: Trovato Viviane Wruck , Portilho Irzo Isaac Rosa , Barizon Robson Rolland , Scorza Jr. Romulo Penna
Published: July 2020

This study evaluates the effects of different levels of sugarcane straw on the soil surface on the transport by runoff water of four herbicides: ametryn, diuron, hexazinone, and sulfentrazone. Two runoff experiments were conducted in a set of nine experimental plots. In the first experiment, sugarcane was cultivated and no straw was applied to the soil. In the second experiment, sugarcane was cultivated with straw levels of 0, 9, or 18 Mg ha-1 on the soil surface. The runoff water from natural rainfall was collected in reservoirs at the lower end of each plot on different occasions following the application of the herbicides to the plots. The total volume of runoff water collected from the plots was dependent on the coverage of the soil by straw, in the sequence: 0 > 9 > 18 Mg ha-1. For the herbicides hexazinone and sulfentrazone, which are molecules of high solubility in water, increasing the amount of straw on the soil produced an increase in the fraction of the applied dose appearing in the collected runoff water. However, for diuron and ametryn, which have low solubility in water, the presence of straw did not influence the amount found in the collected runoff water.
Aumento del número de generaciones de gusano cogollero (Spodoptera frugiperda) como indicador del calentamiento global
Authors: Ramírez-Cabral Nadiezhda , Medina-García Guillermo , Kumar Lalit
Published: July 2020

Las pérdidas en los rendimientos están estrechamente relacionadas con el aumento de las plagas en los cultivos. Las temperaturas más elevadas pueden dar lugar a un establecimiento más temprano, ciclos de vida más cortos, más generaciones y mayor dispersión en un área geográfica. El maíz es un cultivo económico importante en todo el mundo. Una de sus principales plagas, Spodoptera frugiperda (gusano cogollero) está causandopérdidas de millones de dólares. Los mapas de escenarios climáticos muestran un aumento en el número de generaciones de gusano cogollero para el área de estudio. Mientras que actualmente tres y cuatro generaciones es lo más común, para 2060 cuatro y cinco generaciones pueden presentarse en la mayor parte del territorio estatal. En la actualidad, el mayor número de generaciones es de seis en pequeñas áreas. En un futuro se predicen áreas con siete generaciones de cogollero, lo cual no ocurre actualmente. Estos resultados muestran que un mayor número días con temperaturas cálidas en una temporada de cría pueden llevar a una disminución de la duración del ciclo de vida del gusano cogollero, permitiendo así más generaciones por temporada. Este aumento puede generar más presión en las zonas agrícolas con impactos económicos y sociales negativos en la oferta de maíz en el futuro. Los resultados de esta modelación podrían utilizarse para llevar a cabo políticas de mitigación y adaptación para garantizar la seguridad alimentaria en un clima mundial cambiante.
Factores que favorecen el consumo de amaranto en la Ciudad de México: Caso de estudio Xochimilco
Authors: Ayala Garay Alma Velia , Espitia Rangel Eduardo , Altamirano Cárdenas J. Reyes , Ireta Paredes Arely del Rocío , González Molina Lucina , Muñiz Reyes Erica , Almaguer Vargas Gustavo
Published: July 2020

El amaranto (Amaranthus spp) tiene una amplia gama de usos en la alimentación humana; se caracteriza por su alto contenido de proteínas y la calidad biológica. El objetivo de la investigación fue identificar qué factores favorecen el consumo de amaranto en Xochimilco, Ciudad de México, mediante un sondeo de opinión a consumidores. La información se obtuvo a través de un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia, con el criterio de selección de individuos con disposición de ser encuestados. Se aplicó una encuesta a 135 personas de septiembre a diciembre de 2015. Se obtuvo una matriz de correlación de Pearson mediante SAS versión 9.3. Por los resultados se conoce que el 47 % lo consume como golosina, 98 % mencionan que su sabor es regular. El conocimiento sobre que es un alimento funcional no es un factor que favorece el consumo, solo un 35 % sabe sobre sus propiedades. El nivel de ingreso es un elemento que favorece la frecuencia y cantidad de consumo. Las personas que estudian o trabajan son un nicho de mercado, están dispuestos a consumirlo en el desayuno o como snack. Se concluye, que se requiere una estrategia transversal que fomente el consumo, destacando que es un alimento funcional.
The dual-field-of-view polarization lidar technique: A new concept in monitoring aerosol effects in liquid-water clouds – Case studies
Authors: Jimenez Cristofer , Ansmann Albert , Engelmann Ronny , Donovan David , Malinka Aleksey , Seifert Patric , Radenz Martin , Yin Zhenping , Wiesen Robert , Bühl Johannes , Schmidt Jörg , Wandinger Ulla , Barja Boris
Published: July 2020

Abstract. In a companion article (Jimenez et al., 2020), we introduced a new lidar method to derive microphysical properties of liquid-water clouds (cloud extinction coefficient, droplet effective radius, liquid-water content, cloud droplet number concentration Nd) at a height of 50–100 m above cloud base together with aerosol information (aerosol extinction coefficients, cloud condensation nucleus concentration NCCN) below the cloud layer so that detailed studies of the influence of given aerosol conditions on the evolution of liquid-water cloud layers with high temporal resolution solely based on lidar observations became possible now. The novel cloud retrieval technique makes use of lidar observations of the volume linear depolarization ratio at two different receiver field-of-views (FOVs). In this part 2, the new dual-FOV polarization lidar technique is applied to cloud measurements in pristine marine conditions at Punta Arenas in southern Chile. A multiwavelength polarization Raman lidar, upgraded by integrating a second polarization-sensitive channel to permit depolarization ratio observations at two FOVs, was used for these measurements at the southernmost tip of South America. Two case studies are presented to demonstrate the potential of the new lidar technique. Successful aerosol-cloud-interaction (ACI) studies based on measurements with the upgraded aerosol-cloud lidar in combination with a Doppler lidar of the vertical wind component could be carried with one minute temporal resolution at these pristine conditions. In a stratocumulus layer at the top of the convective boundary layer, we found values of Nd and NCCN (for 0.2 % water supersaturation) ranging from 15–100 cm−3 and 75–200 cm−3, respectively, and associated activation ratios (Nd / NCCN) of 0.25–0.5 during updraft periods. The studies of the aerosol impact on cloud properties yielded ACI values close to 1. The impact of aerosol water-uptake on the ACI studies was analyzed with the result that the highest ACI values were obtained when considering aerosol proxies (light extinction coefficient or NCCN) measured at heights about 500 m below cloud base (and thus for dry aerosol conditions).
Variability and Trends in Physical and Biogeochemical Parameters of the Mediterranean Sea during a Cruise with RV MARIA S. MERIAN in March 2018
Authors: Hainbucher Dagmar , Álvarez Marta , Astray Uceda Blanca , Bachi Giancarlo , Cardin Vanessa , Celentano Paolo , Chaikakis Spyros , Chavez Montero Maria del Mar , Civitarese Giuseppe , Fajar Noelia M. , Fripiat Francois , Gerke Lennart , Gogou Alexandra , Fernández Guallart Elisa , Gülk Birte , Hassoun Abed El Rahaman , Lange Nico , Rochner Andrea , Santinelli Chiara , Steinhoff Tobias , Tanhua Toste , Urbini Lidia , Velaoras Dimitrios , Wolf Fabian , Welsch Andreas
Published: July 2020

Abstract. The last decades have seen dramatic changes in the hydrography and biogeochemistry of the Mediterranean Sea. The complex bathymetry, highly variable spatial and temporal scales of atmospheric forcing and internal processes contribute to generate complex and unsteady circulation patterns and significant variability in biogeochemical systems. Part of this variability can be influenced by anthropogenic contributions. Consequently, it is necessary to document details and to understand trends in place to better relate the observed processes and to possibly predict the consequences of these changes. In this context we report on data from an oceanographic cruise in the Mediterranean Sea on the German research vessel MARIA S. MERIAN (MSM72) in March 2018. The main objective of the cruise was to contribute to the understanding of long-term changes and trends in physical and biogeochemical parameters, such as the anthropogenic carbon uptake and to further assess the hydrographical situation after the major climatological shifts in the eastern and western part of the basin, known as the Eastern and Western Mediterranean Transients. During the cruise, multidisciplinary measurements were conducted on a predominantly zonal section throughout the Mediterranean Sea, contributing to the global GO-SHIP repeating hydrography program and adhering to the GO-SHIP requirements.
Highly accurate dating of micrometre-scale baddeleyite domains through combined focused ion beam extraction and U–Pb thermal ionization mass spectrometry (FIB-TIMS)
Authors: White Lee F. , Tait Kimberly T. , Kamo Sandra L. , Moser Desmond E. , Darling James R.
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Baddeleyite is a powerful chronometer of mafic magmatic and
meteorite impact processes. Precise and accurate U–Pb ages can be determined
from single grains by isotope dilution thermal ionization mass spectrometry
(ID-TIMS), but this requires disaggregation of the host rock for grain
isolation and dissolution. As a result, the technique is rarely applied to
precious samples with limited availability (such as lunar, Martian, and
asteroidal meteorites and returned samples) or samples containing small
baddeleyite grains that cannot readily be isolated by conventional mineral
separation techniques. Here, we use focused ion beam (FIB) techniques,
utilizing both Xe+ plasma and
Ga+ ion sources, to liberate baddeleyite subdomains
directly, allowing their extraction for ID-TIMS
dating. We have analysed the U–Pb isotope systematics of domains ranging
between 200 and 10 µm in length and from 5 to ≤0.1 µg in mass. In total, six
domains of Phalaborwa baddeleyite extracted using a
Xe+ plasma FIB (pFIB) yield a weighted mean
207Pb∕206Pb age of 2060.1±2.5 Ma (0.12 %; all uncertainties 2σ),
within uncertainty of reference values. The smallest extracted domain (ca.
10×15×10 µm) yields an internal
207Pb∕206Pb age uncertainty of
±0.37 %. Comparable control on cutting is achieved using
a Ga+-source FIB instrument, though the slower speed
of cutting limits potential application to larger grains. While the U–Pb
data are between 0.5 % and 13.6 % discordant, the extent of discordance
does not correlate with the ratio of material to ion-milled surface area, and
results generate an accurate upper-intercept age in U–Pb concordia space of
2060.20±0.91 Ma (0.044 %). Thus, we confirm the natural U–Pb
variation and discordance within the Phalaborwa baddeleyite population
observed with other geochronological techniques. Our results demonstrate the
FIB-TIMS technique to be a powerful tool for highly accurate
in situ 207Pb∕206Pb (and potentially
U–Pb in concordant materials) age analysis, allowing dating of a wide
variety of targets and processes newly accessible to geochronology.
On the velocity at wind turbine and propeller actuator discs
Authors: van Kuik Gijs A. M.
Published: July 2020

Abstract. The first version of the actuator disc momentum theory is more than
100 years old. The extension towards very low rotational speeds with
high torque for discs with a constant circulation became available
only recently. This theory gives the performance data like the power
coefficient and average velocity at the disc. Potential flow
calculations have added flow properties like the distribution of this
velocity. The present paper addresses the comparison of actuator discs
representing propellers and wind turbines, with emphasis on the
velocity at the disc. At a low rotational speed, propeller discs have
an expanding wake while still energy is put into the wake. The high
angular momentum of the wake, due to the high torque, creates
a pressure deficit which is supplemented by the pressure added by the
disc thrust. This results in a positive energy balance while the wake
axial velocity has lowered. In the propeller and wind turbine flow
regime the velocity at the disc is 0 for a certain minimum but
non-zero rotational speed. At the disc, the distribution of the axial velocity component is
non-uniform in all actuator disc flows. However, the distribution of
the velocity in the plane containing the axis, the meridian plane, is
practically uniform (deviation <0.2 %) for wind turbine disc
flows with tip speed ratio λ>5, almost uniform (deviation
≈2 %) for wind turbine disc flows with λ=1 and
propeller flows with advance ratio J=π, and non-uniform
(deviation 5 %) for the propeller disc flow with wake expansion
at J=2π. These differences in uniformity are caused by the
different strengths of the singularity in the wake boundary vorticity
strength at its leading edge.
Field testing of a local wind inflow estimator and wake detector
Authors: Schreiber Johannes , Bottasso Carlo L. , Bertelè Marta
Published: July 2020

Abstract. This paper presents the field validation of a method to estimate the local
wind speed on different sectors of a turbine rotor disk. Each rotating
blade is used as a scanning sensor that, traveling across the rotor disk,
samples the inflow. From the local speed estimates, the method can
reconstruct the vertical wind shear and detect the presence and location on
an impinging wake shed by an upstream wind turbine. Shear and wake
awareness have multiple uses, from turbine and farm control to monitoring
and forecasting. This validation study is conducted with an experimental data set obtained
with two multi-megawatt wind turbines and a hub-tall met mast. Practical and
simple procedures are presented and demonstrated to correct for the
possible miscalibration of sensors. Results indicate a very good correlation between the estimated vertical
shear and the one measured by the met mast. Additionally, the proposed
method exhibits a remarkable ability to locate and track the motion of an
impinging wake on an affected rotor.
Mito y ciencia ficción desde la semántica ficcional
Authors: Ariza Trinidad Eva
Published: July 2020

El presente artículo propone un análisis de los mitos y de la ciencia ficción desde la semántica ficcional, basado en el estudio de las estructuras de esos mundos posibles y las restricciones modales que las configuran a partir de las teorías de Thomas Pavel y Lubomír Doležel. El estudio revela que muchas obras de ciencia ficción prospectiva tienen una estructura propia de los mitos antiguos, también de carácter diádico y con dominios perfectamente demarcados, así como que las jerarquías de restricciones modales que las configuran son similares a las de los mitos antiguos.
Assessment of the Potential of Energy Recovery from Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste
Authors: Gunamantha Made
Published: July 2020

Organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) is the largest fraction of waste generated in Indonesia. This study was meant to examine the theoretical and experimental results for potential energy recovery from OFMSW in Indonesia. Bioconversion and thermochemical approach were used
theoretically. The potential energy recoveries were calculated using the empirical relationship between higher heating value (HHV) and the ultimate analysis, stoichiometric, and thermochemistry concept. The HHV and ultimate analysis of OFMSW were determined by ASTM method while the lignin
content and volatile solid were adopted from previous studies. The result indicated that the thermochemical approach given the potential energy recovery is higher than others.
Fish Waste Gelatin: A Renewable Substrate for Production of Gelatinase by Serratia Marcescens MF599353
Authors: Sameena Fathima M. , Radha P.
Published: July 2020

Gelatin extracted from fish skin was used as an expedient substrate and a vital source of protein to assess the efficient production of gelatinase by Serratia marcescens MF599353 over hydrolysis of the gelatin. During the growth of the organism, a pigment called prodigiosin was
produced, and its molecular weight was determined to be 324Da by ESI-MS and further characterized by FTIR. Using the OFT (one-factor at-a-time) approach, various parameters such as time, pH, temperature, gelatin, and yeast extract concentration were optimized for gelatinase activity. The molecular
weight of purified gelatinase was determined to be 44 kDa using SDS-PAGE. Thus, the cultivation of Serratia marcescens MF599353 under optimized conditions could enhance the gelatinase production and its potential applicability at industrial scale.
Gasification of Municipal Solid Waste: Thermodynamic Equilibrium Analysis Using Gibbs Energy Minimization Method and CFD Simulation of a Downdraft Gasifier
Authors: Raza Syed Shabbar , Elagroudy Sherien , Janajreh Isam
Published: July 2020

Millions of tons of municipal solid waste (MSW) are generated annually, posing dramatic threats to our environment. To reduce its environmental impact, MSW can be segregated and thermochemically converted into clean syngas (CO and H2) fuel via gasification process. The feasibility
of Gasification of MSW depends on its composition and quantity. In this work, assessment of the gasification metric of MSW is conducted under steam (H2O) as gasification moderator in a pilot scale 20kW gasifier. The characteristic of local MSW are experimentally determined using
Flash 2000 organic analyzer (CHNS-O), the thermo-gravimetric analyzer (TGA) and bomb calorimeter following ASTM standards and arriving to molar formula of MSW. A thermodynamic equilibrium model based on Gibbs energy minimization method is used for the steam gasification of MSW to assess the
composition of syngas. Using the baseline operating condition from the thermodynamic equilibrium model, a reactive high fidelity numerical model of a downdraft gasifier is developed to gain more fidelity. Result of gasification efficiency of thermodynamic model is 64% while reactive model
gives 7% additional efficiency. Nonetheless, the stipulated efficiency and the high-quality syngas produced via the steam gasification of MSW suggest the viability of the process scale up.
CRESCIMENTO E TEORES NUTRICIONAIS DE PARAPIPTADENIA RIGIDA CONSORCIADO COM PASTAGEM EM DIFERENTES ESPAÇAMENTOS E ADUBAÇÃO
Authors: Teixeira Martins Matheus , Pimentel Lagemann Monique , Luiz Munari Vogel Hamilton , Augusto Bugs Cristhian , Arnoni Costa Emanuel , Valdir Schumacher Mauro
Published: July 2020

A definição de práticas silviculturais que proporcionem crescimento e a nutrição das espécies em sistema de consórcio, auxilia na adoção desses sistemas e promove a recuperação da qualidade ambiental e produtiva.  Diante disso, objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar o crescimento inicial e os teores nutricionais de Parapiptadenia rigida (Benth.) Brenan consorciada com pastagem nativa em São Gabriel, RS. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento em blocos ao acaso com parcelas subdivididas, avaliando-se diferentes arranjos espaciais (4 níveis) e adubação (2 níveis). As variáveis dendrométricas foram mensuradas aos 24 meses de idade. Para a análise do estado nutricional de macro e micronutrientes foram coletadas amostras compostas das folhas de cinco árvores de diâmetro médio por tratamento, no terço médio da copa, nos quatro quadrantes. Para pastagem, foi coletada toda biomassa com dez repetições por tratamento. A adubação de pastagem promoveu o maior crescimento inicial de P. rigida, no entanto nos arranjos espaciais não foram verificadas respostas de crescimento. Os diferentes tratos culturais do sistema não influenciaram significativamente o estado nutricional do angico-vermelho e da pastagem nativa.
MERCADO DE CELULOSE NO BRASIL E EM CINCO GRANDES PAÍSES
Authors: Sanquetta Carlos Roberto , Piva Luani Rosa de Oliveira , Sanquetta Mateus Niroh Inoue , Maas Greyce Charllyne Benedet , Dalla Corte Ana Paula
Published: July 2020

Projeta-se uma expansão do consumo mundial de papel na próxima década, de 430 para 460 Mt anuais, parte significativa a ser produzida a partir de celulose de madeira. Nesse contexto, o Brasil recentemente se tornou o líder mundial na exportação de celulose. Este estudo analisa o mercado de celulose no Brasil e em 5 outros grandes países no mercado mundial de celulose (Canadá, China, Estados Unidos, Índia e Rússia). Avalia-se a hipótese da dependência do Brasil nas exportações em relação à China e as perspectivas de seu crescimento em função da tendência de aumento no consumo per capita em países emergentes muito populosos. Os dados analisados, para o período 1961 a 2017 foram obtidos do sistema FAOSTAT (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations). No período analisado o Brasil se tornou o maior exportador mundial de celulose, com 13,348 Mt.ano-1 e o segundo maior produtor, com 19,527 Mt.ano-1, em 2017. A China é, de longe, o maior importador do produto, com 21,911 Mt.ano-1. Todos os outros países estudados são importadores em menor escala, embora alguns sejam grandes produtores, como os EUA (líder mundial) e o Canadá, sendo esses os principais concorrentes do Brasil entre os países examinados. Conclui-se que o Brasil ainda tem espaço para crescer no mercado de celulose, tendo em vista as perspectivas de aumento no consumo per capita em países emergentes, como a China e a Índia.
MODELAGEM VOLUMÉTRICA DE ÁRVORES DE ACÁCIA-NEGRA EM POVOAMENTOS DE REGIÕES DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL
Authors: Martins João Felipe Cardozo , Ribeiro Jean Carlos , Luizon Padilha César , Pelissari Allan Libanio , Behling Alexandre , Ribeiro Richardson
Published: July 2020

reafirmar-se métodos e técnicas para mensurar volume e buscar melhores informações para as variáveis dendrométricas. A espécie acácia-negra (Acacia mearsii De Wild.) é reconhecida no sul do Brasil como uma espécie de alto valor comercial, apresentando a quarta maior área plantada de povoamentos florestais no Rio Grande do Sul., dessa forma, estudos a respeito da espécie são de grande importância para o setor florestal. O presente trabalho visou à obtenção de estimativas volumétricas individuais para árvores de acácia negra. Os modelos propostos por Hohenadl-Krenn. Kopesky-Gehrhardt, Spurr, Schumacher-Hall (não linear), Spurr (não linear), State (Australia) e Meyer foram ajustados. Foram empregados dados de árvores de acácia-negra com idades entre 1 e 10,75 anos, provenientes de um experimento nas regiões de Cristal, Encruzilhada do Sul e Piratini, estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Os dados foram divididos em 4 grupos distintos, de acordo com sua fase de crescimento (jovem, média-inicial, média-avançada e madura). Utilizou-se de 550 árvores para o ajuste de modelos, além de 30 indivíduos de cada grupo, previamente separados de maneira aleatória, para a validação do modelo de melhor desempenho. Os ajustes foram avaliados pelos seguintes critérios: erro padrão da estimativa em porcentagem (Syx%), coeficientes de determinação múltiplo ajustados (R²aj) e gráficos de dispersão dos resíduos. Os modelos não lineares (Spurr e Schumacher-Hall) foram os que melhor se ajustaram aos dados em todas fases de crescimento, sendo o modelo proposto por Spurr não-linear para a classe Jovem e Schumacher-Hal não-linear para as demais classes de idades foram os que apresentaram os melhores desempenhos, com Syx% variando de 2,87% a 4,48% e R²aj entre 0,9742 e 0,9974. Sua validação apresentou resultados satisfatórios para o erro padrão da estimativa e para o teste de Qui-quadrado, com valores de Syx% variando entre 6,43% e 7,57%, enquanto χ2 variou de 0,0019 a 0,0126. Sendo assim, observou-se que os modelos não lineares apresentaram resultados superiores aos obtidos com os modelos lineares.
AVALIAÇÃO DA EFICIÊNCIA DE SISTEMAS AGROFLORESTAIS POR MEIO DE ANÁLISES FINANCEIRAS
Authors: Palma Viviane Helena , Arco-Verde Marcelo Francia , Curcio Gustavo Ribas , Mattos Luciano Mansor de , Ewert Martin , Galvão Franklin
Published: July 2020

Os Sistemas Agroflorestais (SAFs) têm figurado como alternativa para otimizar o uso das áreas rurais, no sentido de diversificar produção, gerar renda e ainda contribuir com serviços ambientais. Em projetos bem planejados, a diversidade de produtos cultivados em uma mesma área, permite distribuição de mão-de-obra e de produção durante o ano, contribuindo para segurança alimentar e financeira do agricultor, que deixa de depender apenas das flutuações de mercado de um produto. Contudo, ainda não existem respostas contundentes que confirmem a geração de ingressos monetários substanciais de SAFs. Assim, por meio de metodologia participativa aplicada à análise financeira realizada na planilha AmazonSAF 8.1, foram avaliados dois modelos de SAFs. Partindo do pressuposto de que os sistemas analisados deveriam ser produtivos, capazes de passar das fases iniciais e intermediárias, onde os ingressos monetários são dados principalmente por plantas de ciclo curto e semi-perenes, até chegar à fase madura, com receitas advindas das plantas perenes, observa-se que os SAFs-1 e 2 não cumprem as premissas. Problemas advindos desde a incompatibilidade entre propostas dos sistemas, fatores edafoclimáticos e aptidões dos agricultores; escolha de espécies e ausência de manejo; desenho e densidade de plantas contrastantes com os objetivos, foram agentes decisivos no insucesso financeiro temporal dos sistemas.
EFEITO DO NÚMERO DE NEURÔNIOS NA CAMADA OCULTA PARA RELAÇÕES HIPSOMÉTRICAS DE EUCALIPTO USANDO REDES NEURAIS ARTIFICIAIS
Authors: Bueno Gabriel Fernandes , Costa Emanuel Arnoni , Cristina Amanda Nunes , Soares Alvaro Augusto Vieira , De Miranda Rodrigo Otávio Veiga , Schons Cristine Tagliapietra
Published: July 2020

As redes neurais artificiais têm mostrado performance melhor ou pelo menos similar à dos modelos tradicionais de regressão usados a modelagem florestal. No entanto, deve-se atentar para uma configuração que garanta estimativas acuradas e capacidade de generalização, sendo a quantidade de neurônios na camada oculta uma característica crítica a ser decidida. Assim, o presente estudo buscou encontrar a quantidade ótima de neurônios na camada oculta na modelagem da relação hipsométrica em plantio de Eucalyptus saligna Smith. A base de dados foi subdividida de modo aleatório em 50% para treinamento e 50% para validação do modelo, empregando-se a arquitetura de rede neural Multilayer Perceptron (MLP). No processo de modelagem, considerou-se o diâmetro à altura do peito como variável de entrada e a altura como variável de saída. A quantidade de neurônios na camada oculta foi testada com variação entre 1 a 6. Das seis melhores redes treinadas, aquelas que obtiveram neurônios acima de três na camada oculta tenderam a apresentar overfitting quando aplicados aos dados da validação. Com as diferentes arquiteturas na camada oculta, foi possível obter redes treinadas com coeficiente de correlação (r) variando de 0,61 a 0,73 e raiz quadrada do erro quadrático médio de ±1,28 a 1,48 m. Foram escolhidas as RNA com três neurônios na camada oculta devido a sua simplicidade e pouca diferença de acurácia quando comparadas às obtidas com maior número. A quantidade de neurônios a serem considerados na camada oculta deve ser definida com atenção para que o fenômeno modelado conserve capacidade de generalização.