bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La metáfora y la huella del ferrocarril en la formulación de la vivienda moderna en Le Corbusier
Authors: Robles Tardío Rocío
Published: December 2023

En este artículo se analizan los orígenes de la formulación de la unidad mínima habitacional por parte de Le Corbusier y los arquitectos y teóricos de la arquitectura, quienes desde los Congresos Internacionales de Arquitectura Moderna (CIAM) impulsaron una renovación integral de la noción de vivienda y del urbanismo acorde con los nuevos tiempos industriales. Siendo el vagón de tren uno de los referentes determinantes de la ideación de la casa moderna, se señalará cuáles son las justificaciones que Le Corbusier apuntó para que la presencia del ferrocarril en ese proceso renovador no arrastrara consigo las connotaciones peyorativas que, desde una perspectiva racional y purista, se habían acumulado sobre él. Sin embargo, por otro lado, la concepción espacial y funcional del tren permitió formular a Le Corbusier el lema sobre el que se erige su teoría de la machine à habiter y el urbanismo: “Una casa es una vagón de 20 metros de longitud”. En el análisis de estas cuestiones sobresale el papel jugado por unas revistas que, publicadas por agentes pertenecientes a la red de ferrocarriles franceses, se convierten en tribunas y difusores del discurso arquitectónico y social lanzado por Le Corbusier.
Nuevos datos acerca de la ampliación de al-Hakam II en la mezquita de Córdoba y algunas hipótesis sobre la zona de la maqsura de época emiral
Authors: ABAD CASTRO CONCEPCIÓN
Published: December 2023

Hace cuatro años publicamos un trabajo donde abordamos, basándonos en las informaciones de las fuentes escritas, las distintas fases constructivas y el ritmo de las obras de la ampliación de al-Hakam II en la mezquita de Córdoba. Ahora pretendemos incidir en la misma etapa, aportando nuevos datos que complementan la visión de la aljama en el reinado del segundo califa omeya, pero también intentaremos plantear algunas hipótesis acerca del mihrab y la maqsura de época emiral, ámbitos que, a nuestro parecer, debieron desempeñar un papel importante en la concepción del trazado de la ampliación califal.
El maestro genovés Juan Luis de Musante (act. 1570-1587) y su presencia en Orihuela. Reflexiones en torno a algunos maestros itinerantes en la segunda mitad del siglo XVI
Authors: GÓMEZ-FERRER LOZANO Mercedes
Published: December 2023

En este artículo se analiza la presencia del maestro genovés de arquitectura Juan Luis Musante (act. 1570- 1587), conocido principalmente por su actividad en Cuenca y Navarra, en la ciudad de Orihuela (Alicante). En los años 1573 y 1574 se encargó de la traza de la esca- lera de la Casa del Consell e intervino en la cabecera de la iglesia de Santiago de esa ciudad. Al tiempo, se realizan consideraciones sobre los concursos para el cargo de maestro mayor de la catedral de Murcia y se mencionan algunos otros maestros como Ortega Zimbrón y las cone- xiones con el también italiano Juan Angel Bagut.
Museo y acontecimiento
Authors: Hinojosa Lola
Published: December 2023

La proliferación de prácticas performativas e intermediales, dentro de las colecciones y programaciones públicas de los museos de arte contemporáneo de todo el mundo, se ha convertido en una estrategia generalizada de dinamización y apertura a otros públicos. Este artículo intentará plantear respuestas y, sobre todo preguntas, en torno a las consecuencias e implicaciones de este proceso, así como sobre las posibilidades discursivas de estas manifestaciones artísticas, en relación a la agenda política y crítica del museo como institución cultural y ciudadana.
La sonrisa del mono: una sátira de Herrera el Mozo sobre el conocimiento en las Artes
Authors: Martínez Alejandro
Published: December 2023

Partiendo de una conocida anécdota literaria en la vida de Herrera el Mozo por Palomino se ofrece un análisis de la imagen satírica del mono cuyo significado remite a los excesos de la imitación servil y a la pintura como ciencia especulativa capaz de reivindicarse en la risa.
Creation and processing of copper alloys doped with chromium, zirconium and vanadium
Authors:   Physico-Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Likhatskyi R. F.
Published: December 2023

The rapid development of mechanical engineering and electrical engineering requires alloys that have high electrical conductivity and a high level of mechanical properties, including strength at elevated temperatures. Pure and low-alloyed copper are ductile, but low-strength materials, which prevents their application in many areas. The solution of such problem can be in alloying with metals that would increase strength characteristics while maintaining electrical conductivity as much as possible, including at high current and temperature loads. The main alloying elements analyzed in this work as effective strengthening components were Cr, Zr, and V. It is shown that the increase in strength while maintaining electrical conductivity depends to a greater extent on the chromium content, the concentration of which in alloys can reach 5-10 wt. %. It was established that to achieve optimal characteristics of strength and electrical conductivity, the concentration of chromium can be close to 0,1 wt. %, and zirconium - up to 0,2 wt. %. At the same time, both for alloys with a high chromium content and in low-alloyed compositions, the characteristics of strength and electrical conductivity can differ by only 10-20%. In the vast majority of cases, copper alloys with chromium and zirconium undergo a specific, sometimes compositional and multi-stage, deformation treatment, after which a fine crystalline structure with nano-sized allocations of strengthening dispersoid phases can be formed. All considered alloys show similar technological features of obtaining a high level of final properties - homogenization and tempering from temperatures of 900-1000 °С and aging at 500 °С for 2 hours or more. At the same time, the higher the content of chromium and zirconium, the more difficult the deformation and heat treatments will be. Additional microalloying with vanadium in the amount of up to 0.2 wt. % may increase strength without a noticeable decrease in electrical conductivity and without the need for the complication of deformation and heat treatments. Keywords: alloying of copper alloys, Cu-Cr-Zr, Cu-Cr-Zr-V, heat treatment, deformation, electrical conductivity.
Directions for the development of a methodology for regulating the chemical composition and properties of cast iron in foundry production based on a probabilistic approach
Authors:   Physico-Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Sirenko К.A.
Published: December 2023

From the standpoint of systemic and structural-functional approaches, the state and prospects of development of the methodology for regulating and predicting the chemical composition and mechanical properties of grey synthetic cast iron intended for casting production are analysed. Attention is focused on the key intersections of the technological process of manufacturing castings for critical applications. The features, disadvantages, and advantages of the known methods for calculating the charge and adjusting the percentage of chemical elements in the cast iron composition directly during its melting are considered. Ways to take into account the instability of the chemical composition of scrap metal, ferroalloys, and other materials when forming the charge to ensure the quality of pig iron in accordance with the requirements of finished product standards are shown. A promising way to solve this problem in foundry is to use a probabilistic approach and the Monte Carlo method. The article presents formulas for calculating the strength and hardness of cast iron castings with lamellar graphite depending on its carbon equivalent and degree of eutecticity. The peculiarity of the proposed formulas, which gives them enhanced reliability and validity, is that the carbon equivalent and the degree of eutecticity of cast iron in them are determined by the Monte Carlo method using a probabilistic approach with regard to the consideration of the ranges of variation of the content of chemical elements in the cast iron composition regulated in the standard for foundry products. It is noted that the widespread use of thermal derivative express analysis of liquid cast iron in industry is constrained by the lack of a database of reference cooling curves with certain property indicators (chemical composition, microstructure, mechanical and other properties) of cast irons at foundries. Keywords: foundry, cast iron, chemical composition, properties, control, regulation, methodology.
Antitumor and immunomodulatory activity of fucoidan from the brown alga Lessonia trabeculata (Lessoniaceae) on breast cancer spheroids
Authors: Condori-Macuri Rosa , Alzamora Gonzales Libertad , Cruz-Riquelme Raisa , Erasmo Colona-Vallejos Erasmo Colona-Vallejos , Chauca-Torres Nadia
Published: December 2023

Introduction: The therapeutic benefits of the brown algae fucoidan in the treatment of breast cancer have attracted considerable interest in recent years. However, research using spheroids which provide relevant results in trials for antitumor and immunomodulatory products because they adequately simulate the tumor microenvironment, is limited. Objective: To evaluate the antitumor and immunomodulatory activity of Lessonia trabeculata fucoidan (LtF), native to the Peruvian Sea, on two types of multicellular tumor spheroids. Methods: The study was conducted from January to December 2021. Two types of spheroides were elaborated: from 4T1 tumor cells (MTS), and from 4T1 tumor cells+mouse splenocytes (MTSs). The antitumor activity of LtF was evaluated in MTS by quantifying cell viability with MTT. Immunomodulatory activity was determined in MTSs using the IC50 for two types of treatment: simple, fucoidan alone (LtF) and combined, fucoidan+doxorubicin (LtF+Dox). Pro-inflammatory (TNF-α, IL-6) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10, TGF-β) cytokine production was quantified by sandwich ELISA 72 h after treatment. Dox was used as positive control in all assays. Results: LtF exerted antitumor activity as evidenced by increased necrotic zone and cell debris formation compared to the untreated control. Antitumor activity was concentration dependent between 100 and 6 000 μg/ml. In MTSs, simple treatment increased IL-6 and decreased IL-10 and TGF-β production. The combined treatment significantly reduced TGF-β production. In both treatments and Dox, there was an increase in IL-6 compared to the untreated control. The highest production of IL-10 and TGF-β was observed in the untreated control, compatible with a highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Conclusions: LtF is a good candidate for the treatment of breast cancer and can immunomodulate the tumor microenvironment alone or in combination with Dox.
Pandemic Impact on Tourism and Balneological Industries Development (Exemplified by the Chechen Republic)
Authors:   North Caucasus Institute – branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Arsanova Roza , Zemlyanskaya Stella ,   Volgograd State University
Published: December 2023

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the structure and geography of tourist demand changed. The borders were closed, and consequently, Russians turned their attention to resorts within the country, including the regions of the North Caucasus, which are rich not only in amazing nature but also in unique balneological resources. The latter is particularly relevant at a time when a dangerous virus is spreading. Tourist flows towards the health and spa industry increased and considerably became presented by the younger population. The aim of the study was to analyze the changes in the tourism market in recent years and assess the effectiveness of support measures for the tourism business. The effects of the coronavirus pandemic on the tourism and recreation industry in Russia as a whole and the Chechen Republic in particular were assessed by means of statistical analysis methods using such indicators as collective accommodation facilities, tourist flow, volume of tourist services provided to the population, etc. Content analysis of news portals and official websites of executive authorities made it possible to assess the problems faced by the industry and the anti-crisis measures being applied. On the one hand, the role of the Chechen Republic in the tourist services market has strengthened in recent years. On the other hand, despite the prospects and growth of domestic tourism, the Chechen Republic has not yet managed to become one of the leading regions in terms of tourist flow due to a number of problems typical for the region, some of which have only intensified during the lockdown and in the post-crisis period. However, this problem can be solved through the development of a tourism cluster linking the different republics of the Caucasus.
Russian Market of Railway Carriage Repairing: Competitiveness of Firms in the Era of Digitalization
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Zhuk Alexander , Vaganov Anton ,   Southern Federal University
Published: December 2023

The study is devoted to the analysis of the domestic market for carriage repair services as well as the prospects of its development under the conditions of digitalization. The authors emphasized rolling stock repair due to the ongoing reform of this industry and its transfer to a competitive basis through the development of independent market agents as well as a fully competitive market. Passenger carriage repair is realized by internal departments of the company. As a result of the research, the directions of digital transformation in the freight car repair market were revealed. In particular, it was suggested to introduce electronic document management, the development of a unified electronic register of spare parts and performed works, and the creation of digital “twins” (electronic copies) of freight cars. These measures would greatly decrease the operating costs of rolling stock by streamlining the time to process information about their condition and simplifying procedures for planning maintenance, scheduled repairs, and unscheduled repairs. In the car repair services market, a digital ecosystem is formed as a result of the integration of such digital platforms as automatic control systems, portals of electronic document management, specialized portals, and electronic databases of spare parts and other components. This allows for connections between car repair enterprises, owners of rolling stock, the owner of infrastructure (OJSC Russian Railways), as well as other participants in the market under analysis. These transformations lead to higher service, help to avoid the usage of low-quality spare parts, increase repair quality, and, as a result, increase railway transportation security. The work demonstrates the economic effect of digital ecosystems used for document management and the interaction process between carriage owners and repair enterprises.
Effectiveness of Government Supported Policies in Vietnamese Coffee Industry Development
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Huynh Thi , Popova Larisa ,   Volgograd State Agrarian University
Published: December 2023

Vietnamese coffee has been exported since 1990, after the country reformed its economic management mechanism in 1986. Since 2000, Vietnam has been the second-largest coffee exporter in the global market. Annual foreign currency income from coffee exports has been around 3 billion US dollars. 600,000 small-scale farmers are the main coffee producers, whose production accounts for 95% of the total annual volume. Faced with difficulties, especially capital shortages, coffee growers tend to liquidate old coffee plantations because they do not have the means to renovate them. Although the government has many supporting strategies, they haven’t been truly effective in practice. According to research from 1990 to 2000, government policy has mainly been aimed at encouraging coffee processing plants without any support from the producers themselves. Since 2000, government policy has been aimed at supporting the capital investment of farmers in the renewal of coffee plantations, but many of them were not able to receive it due to the presence of inconsistencies and duplication in it, which reduced its effectiveness. Private and non-governmental producers’ coffee support policies were more effective than government policies. No research was done to evaluate the effectiveness of government-supported policies in the development of Vietnam’s coffee industry. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of government support policies in promoting the growth and development of Vietnam’s coffee industry. The research findings indicate that coffee farmers and businesses do not receive any direct financial assistance from the government other than the tax on agricultural land. Coffee farmers primarily rely on non-governmental coffee companies and cooperatives for support, and they hardly destroy coffee to replace it with other crops. This demonstrates that adequate support for coffee production is extremely necessary, but government support policies for coffee producers aren’t being implemented in practice.
Geodemographic and Migration Processes in Astrakhan Region: Trends of the First Quarter of the 21st Century
Authors:   Federal Research Centre the Southern Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Suschiy Sergey
Published: December 2023

The article analyzes the main geodemographic trends of the Astrakhan region in the first quarter of the 21st century. In the quantitative and spatial dynamics of the population in the region, three major periods with significant differences in indicators of natural reproduction and migration activity (early – mid 2000s; late 2000 – mid 2010s; the second half of the 2010s – early 2020s) were identified. The features of the demographic dynamics of various districts of the region are shown, due to the national structure and the dominant vector of migration circulation in the local population. Throughout the post-Soviet period, there was a stable inverse correlation between the share of Russians in specific territorial communities and the level of their natural decline. The scale and vector of migration dynamics in the population of cities and districts were determined by the distance to the regional capital and the general standard of living in the region. It was found that a long period of demographic equilibrium (fluctuations from 980 thousand to 1,020 thousand people) was replaced by a steady depopulation of regional territory. This process is associated with the gradual shift of the Astrakhan region in the 2000s–2010s to the group of demographically disadvantaged regions of southern Russia. The central role in this trend is played by a combination of growing natural losses and large-scale migration outflows outside the region due to the reduced standard of living and social and economic development of the Astrakhan region. Accelerated rates of depopulation in the region are likely to continue in the near and medium term. By 2035, its demographic potential may be reduced to 860–875 thousand people. This negative trend implies a significant increase in the measures taken by regional authorities to mitigate the demographic problem.
Sustaining and Growing Innovations in Democracy and Co-Creation
Authors:   Manchester Metropolitan University (the United Kingdom), Baines Susan
Published: December 2023

Co-creation of public services implies new roles and responsibilities that, at least potentially, change the balance of control. In this way, it aligns closely with democratic renewal. This paper draws on the outcomes of a collaborative innovation project Co-creation of Service Innovation in Europe (CoSIE) funded under Horizon 2020. CoSIE built upon the idea that public sector innovations can be best achieved by creating collaborative partnerships between service providers (public sector agencies, third sector organisations, private companies) and citizens who receive services directly or indirectly. CoSIE was implemented through ten real-life innovation pilots in different public services across Europe. Results showed how co-creative methods could promote democratic dimensions, increasing the civic participation of marginalised and often voiceless population groups (residents of depleted urban neighbourhoods, disabled people in remote rural areas, citizens adrift from the world of work, and non-EU migrants). Some CoSIE pilots were more successful than others in extending impact beyond their immediate localities and service contexts. The paper highlights common factors that helped share learning and evolve project innovations into the ‘modus operandi’ of institutions and societies.
The Barriers of Co-Creative Service Development Models in the Context of Disadvantaged Rural Areas in Hungary
Authors:   Debrecen University (Hungary), Csoba Judit , Sipos Flórian ,   Debrecen University (Hungary)
Published: December 2023

The paper is based on the observation of the process of reviving the forgotten culture of household economy, horticulture and livestock farming in disadvantaged rural areas and, through this, to develop a new service model for rural communities to strengthen the role of grassroots initiatives and enhancing the mechanisms of the co-operative model of local economy and democracy. Our research has shown that bottom-up models have several barriers to local governments in rural areas. The change in the political and governmental model of the last ten years has resulted in the restraint of local government autonomy and the vacancy of the role of local governments as public service providers. In this system, we can observe the strengthening of administrative dependence, the devaluation of the local elected political leadership (mayors) and the emergence of new rules of local power. In small settlements with less than 2,000 inhabitants, central state and political dependence intensified. Attempts to strengthen local communities have proved to be a major challenge in a highly centralised model of government. The present study gathers the factors that hinder the success of co-creative approaches in the local context and shows how the public service innovations organised by local governments are determined by the political and economic culture prevailing at the national level.
Efficiency of the Control and Command System in Crisis Management
Authors:   Calisia University (Poland), Wołejszo Jarosław , Feltynowski Mariusz ,   The Main School of Fire Service (Poland)
Published: December 2023

The article presents conclusions (theses) from research in the area of crisis management systems. The first part presents the issues of system definition, crisis management, and the crisis management system. In the following part, the concept of a control and command system in crisis management is defined as a project for further discussion among scientists dealing with crisis management. The principles of coordination, synchronization and cooperation in crisis management are also discussed. The aim of the research was to define the elements (subsystems) of the control and command system in crisis management. The following question was posed as the main research problem: ‘What elements (subsystems) should form a control and command system in crisis management to ensure its efficient functioning?’ The article presents the results of the research.
The Impact of the Mass Migration of Syrian Refugees on Turkish Cities
Authors:   Koszalin University of Technology (Poland), Liszkowska Dominika
Published: December 2023

Currently, Türkiye is a country with the largest number of refugees in the world. Over 3.7 million of them come from Syria. At the beginning of the migration crisis which affected European Union member states, Türkiye as a transit destination provided refugees with a place at Temporary Accommodation Centers (TACs). After signing the agreement with the European Union (on March, 21 2016) and with the increasing number of refugees in Türkiye, it became impossible to place all of them in refugee camps. Syrians began to migrate not only to border cities and towns, but also to Istanbul and other Turkish metropolises. This article aims to show the impact of refugees on the situation of Istanbul and other Turkish cities. The analysis is intended to answer the following questions: how did refugees change the structure of Turkish cities? How did the migrations of the Syrian community affect the border cities of Türkiye and the metropolises in the western and central part of the country? Which socio-economic problems did the increase in the number of refugees generate in Türkiye? What kind of social problems arose in Turkish cities with the arrival of Syrian refugees?
Phonetic and phonological aspects of prosodic focus marking in Canadian English
Authors: Kim Jiseung , Arnhold Anja
Published: December 2023

Previous studies reported mixed findings regarding the details of the acoustic correlates of focus, as well as the relationship between information structure and pitch accent types in English. Moreover, previous studies showed that different varieties of English signal information structure differently.Therefore, we hypothesized that the way focus is expressed in terms of acoustic correlates and/or pitch accents in Canadian English would differ from Mainstream American English (MAE). Thirty-eight native speakers of Canadian English produced 24 short transitive sentences in different focus conditions: broad focus and narrow focus in different locations (Subject, Verb, Object). The speakers of Canadian English in the current study manifested some, but not all of the effects of focus that have been reported in previous research on MAE and other languages. Specifically, focus induced lengthening of focused constituents but not enhancement of intensity or f0. Instead, focus-adjacent constituents were weakened in terms of duration, intensity and f0.
METAPHYSICAL BASES OF PHYSICAL REALITY
Authors:   Institute for High Energy Physics (IHEP), Baliev Leonid O.
Published: December 2023

Our representations about space and time, even considering their «a priori» status according to Kant, change over time. Their evolution necessarily accompa-nies the development of our knowledge of physical reality. The article describes the representations of space and time that allows not only to unambiguously inter-pret the effects of quantum mechanics, but also to build a model of the bases of physical reality, the development of which, according to the author, can lead to the creation of a unified physical theory of the microworld. Within the framework of this model, the discreteness of space and time is asserted, from which the proba-bilistic nature of elementary motion follows with necessity; geometry is distin-guished into the inextricably linked continual geometry of Being and the discrete geometry of Existing, and time becomes the absolute invariant of Existing.
THE ROLE OF LABOR IN RELATIONS TO PSYCHE AND PHYSIOLOGY
Authors:   Perm State National Research University, Koryakin Vyacheslav V.
Published: December 2023

The solution of the psychophysiological problem to this day causes a number of difficulties, which are associated with the underlying paradox of the discrepancy between the substrate and attributes. The presence of this paradox is a consequence of the recog-nition of the direct connection of the psyche and the brain. At the same time, the psyche (including consciousness) is not a property of the brain, but of a person – a social material substrate, a being capable of producing its own material life (labor). Mental and physio-logical processes are directly related to labor, and not to each other, are its sides. Labor affects human biology through transformed natural objects, to which it is forced to adapt, and generates ideal forms (consciousness, the psyche as a whole), transforming the human substrate and the natural environment associated with it.
RELIGIOUS STUDIES, PHILOSOPHY, AND THEOLOGY IN M.N. EPSTEIN’S POOR FAITH THEORY
Authors:   South Ural State University, Loginovskiy Sergey S. , Golovina Mariya A. ,   South Ural State Humanitarian Pedagogical University
Published: December 2023

The article examines the theory of poor faith proposed by M.N.Epstein to describe a new variant of relig-iosity characteristic of contemporary Russian post-atheist society. It is shown that this theory contains both scientific and non-scientific components —philosophical and theological. The scientific component is characterized by brevity, and the features covered by this component are characteristic not only of poor faith, which makes it difficult to identify this or that religious phenomenon as belonging to poor faith. Since poverty itself is a quantitative characteristic, it requires a description that would make it possible to measure the level of poverty of any faith and to verify the objectivity of such a measurement. The philo-sophical component is represented by judgments about the social factors producing poor faith and the significance of this faith for understanding the essence of religion; the scientific value of these judge-ments cannot be unambiguously empirically confirmed. The theological component of the theory of poor faith, which implies an active reference to the Judeo-Christian tradition, can be qualified as a self-description of poor faith. It is closely connected with the philosophical component but, unlike the latter, it does not claim to be scientific, being a kind of extra-confessional method of hermeneutics of biblical texts. The theological component is of scientific interest as a source of information about poor faith, the analysis of which provides a better understanding of this phenomenon. In spite of the indicated shortcom-ings, the theory of poor faith could be improved, which would allow it to become a full-fledged scientific theory. This would require a clear separation of its current scientific and non-scientific components, as well as the specification and quantification of the elements of the scientific component.
A Blending of Disability Studies, Art Education, and Museum Education
Authors: Woodruff Anthony
Published: December 2023

Many museums have been critically characterized as elitist institutions that offer few inclusive services to meet the needs and interests of marginalized populations and communities (Hill, 2016; Sandell & Nightingale, 2013). Some museums, however, are turning to visitor-centered approaches that refocus their efforts to concentrate on the needs and interests of visitors instead of the objects on display (Love & Boda, 2017; Weil, 1999). One population often still overlooked by museums are adult visitors with developmental disabilities, thus the need for increased museum programming. This work represents a literature review that begins with a close examination of conceptual frameworks provided by disability studies, followed by how disability studies relates to art education and inclusive art-making for individuals with developmental disabilities. Next, the review presents an overview of literature related to developmental disabilities, with a specific focus on adults with developmental disabilities and recreational options available to them. Finally, the literature review delves into the museum experience and visitor-centered museum education. By blending best practices in disability studies, art education, and museum education, museums are primed to create needed inclusive programming and connect with new audiences.
Green Policy - Threats and Opportunities for Rural Youth
Authors: Zinich Alla , Pomogaev Vitalij
Published: December 2023

Currently, implementing “green” transformation of all spheres is actively pursued. One of the most important steps in this direction is to involve young people in the climate policy, as they constitute the basis for future economy. The purpose of this study is to identify main trends of the “green economy” as a source of development of rural areas and create new opportunities there to enhance inflow of the young. The research methodology is based on a theoretical analysis of main trends in climate change and their influence on the economy. The empirical side of the study is based on a sociological survey of young people in ten regions of the Siberian Federal District, conducted in 2021 through an online survey. The number of respondents totaled 5,000 people. The research tools included a block of questions aimed at identifying young people’s view on responsible production and consumption. It was revealed that today’s youth places great emphasis on environmental issues, highlighting “environmental thinking, “lean manufacturing” and “customer orientation”. Taking into account that agricultural field is the most sensitive to climate change, both the government and real sector of the economy should take significant steps to integrate ESG-factors in fiduciary duties of entrepreneurs, educational institutions and future experts. The government and investment sector fund the increasing number of “green” project initiatives, thus creating new opportunities for young people to pursue a career in this sphere.
Assessment of Trends in the Global Wood Pellets Market and Opportunities of the Russian Federation in this Market
Authors: Karkhova Svetlana
Published: December 2023

In connection with the adoption of the concept of sustainable development and the creation of bioenergy, the world market of wood pellets was formed. Pellets have received the status of a renewable energy source. Developed countries in Europe and Asia have launched a state policy to stimulate the production and consumption of wood pellets. Forest-rich countries, including Russia, have built production facilities and become exporters of "green" fuel. The purpose of the paper is to study the demand and assess trends in the global market of wood pellets, to determine the position of Russia in this market and the opportunities for the development of the industry. The materials of the study were the statistics of the UN FAO for 2012-2020 and the German DEPI Pellet Institute, scientific and industrial sphere publications. The study showed that the global market of wood pellets is growing. This is a buyer's market which is formed by two large regional markets — European and Asian. In 2020, Russia ranked the 5th place among the world producers and exporters of pellets. Russian production is export-oriented, and the domestic demand for pellets is minimal. The dynamics of world prices for pellets has been studied, a significant growth in prices in European countries since the end of 2021 and the factors of price increases have been established. In 2022, after the rise of political tensions and the imposition of sanctions, the situation of Russian manufacturers became difficult. The assessment of export opportunities showed a high degree of uncertainty, and a conclusion was made about a decrease in business profitability, about the possible shutdown and liquidation of pellet production in Russia.
Administrative Factors as Potential of Growth of Individuals Property Tax Collection
Authors: Sodnomova Svetlana , Korotkova Svetlana
Published: December 2023

The article assesses possible ways of finding means of increasing individuals property tax collection. It is pointed out that potential growth depends on many factors that world theory and practice have classified depending on the level of income of the population, the stage of ongoing reforms and a combination of different variables, including political, legal, operational, institutional and financial ones. The effectiveness of property taxation in a particular country depends on legislation which determines the tax base and tax rates, as well as four administrative factors influencing tax coverage, assessment, assessment of tax liabilities and collection, which ultimately ensure growth of property tax collection by municipal bodies. This is of practical importance, since it allows evaluating the current property tax system in order to find ways of revenue growth and identify “bottlenecks” in the tax inflow. This evaluation technique should be a tool for conducting tax policy at the municipal level.
Nuances of Remuneration of Pedagogical Workers as a Multidimensional Object, Based on Rationalization Factors
Authors: Gorodkova Svetlana , Drozdova Marina , Medvedeva Natalya , Aletdinova Anna
Published: December 2023

A teacher’s remuneration depends on a number of factors and can be viewed as a multidimensional object influenced by several constituent elements. Thus, it is relevant to determine these constituent elements, namely the pay rate for normal work hours, number of extra work hours per teacher, number of students in the class. The purpose of this article is to determine and calculate how these factors influence the teacher's rate of pay. The article studies correlation between teachers’ wages and the constituent factors based on a city school in the Trans-Baikal Region, which is a typical school with typical pay data. In the course of the study, the following methods were used: studying various sources of information, summary and interpretation, analysis of information obtained from various sources, and a study of teachers’ remuneration through modeling methods. The results of the study revealed each of the influencing factors’ percentage of significance, as well as, based on the data obtained, possibilities of making some managerial decision to make sure that the factors reach their rational value. A possible area of application of the results of the study is the economy of education; in particular, they could be applied in general educational institutions.
Analysis of the Insurance Market as Part of the Implementation of the Insurance Development Strategy
Authors: Ryabushchenko Oksana , Borodavko Lyubov , Homenko Georgy
Published: December 2023

The modern insurance market, being an integral part of the financial market, in addition to performing its main functions, has unique properties that directly affect the socio-economic development of the state as a whole, which explains the need for a state initiative to develop the insurance market. The "Strategy for the development of insurance activities in the Russian Federation until 2020" was one of the main elements of the insurance policy implemented in our country. Through the results of the analysis of the main financial indicators over the past eleven years, the study determined the degree of functioning of the insurance market within its strategic development.
The System of Risks in Tax Control
Authors: Komarova Galina , Zmanovskaya Olga , Kasatkina Galina
Published: December 2023

Supervision of the tax authorities of the Russian Federation is constantly being improved. Currently designated tax authorities have been created to conduct on-site tax audits on the territory of the subject of the Russian Federation and to collect tax debts. All this allows the IRS to monitor efficiently compliance with the legislation on taxes and fees and at the same time increase the responsibilities of taxpayers.
The study examined the changes in the organization of tax control, including the creation of a system of tax risks and the impact of constant oversight by IRS on the taxpayer’s activities. The results of such oversight can have negative consequences, especially if the tax authority constantly sends claims to counterparties, thereby harming the taxpayer’s business reputation. The reorganization of tax authorities leads to the fact that tax reporting is submitted to one tax authority, claims for payment of arrears are received from another tax authority, field tax inspections are conducted by a third tax authority, and a fourth tax authority located in another city invites the taxpayer to give explanations, etc.
Implementation of the Concept of Sustainable Development in Forest Management
Authors: Rusetskaya Genrietta
Published: December 2023

The research examined the principles of the concept of sustainable forest management in order to create highly productive, cost-effective forest systems, preserve biological diversity and useful functions of forest systems, fulfill the socio-ecological, and economic requirements for the use of natural resources. The analysis of the state of forest systems management revealed the lack of a coherent forest policy, a sharp decline in the quality of management at this stage of development. It is necessary to implement the principles of sustainable forest management applying the scientific and technological achievements in the industry. It has been proved that the primary condition for moving towards the sustainable development of forestry is forest inventory, forest management based on scientific and technical solutions, ground and aerospace monitoring of forest and forest resources, and use of digital technologies. For this, it is necessary to control the management of the forest industry at all levels including final results. The study assessed the implementation of the concept of sustainable development of forestry in Russia as a whole and in the Irkutsk region.
Approach to Assessing the Effectiveness of Investment Project for the Construction of Apartment Buildings
Authors: Bekker Tamara , Buzina Marina , Tupikova Olga
Published: December 2023

Evaluation of the effectiveness of housing construction is a key factor in attracting new investors for the development of the region. Existing methods for evaluating investments do not always reflect the industry and regional specifics of the implementation of investment construction projects in a particular municipality. The purpose of this study is to substantiate the indicator for assessing the investment attractiveness of projects taking into account the system of regional factors that reflect the specifics of the construction of multi-apartment residential buildings. The object of research is housing construction in the city of Vladivostok as a link in the socio-economic system of the city. The study used methods adap­ted to the conditions of construction in Vladivostok: sampling, grouping, comparison, generalization, economic and mathematical modeling, system analysis, sensitivity analysis, and interval estimation method. To assess the investment attractiveness of housing construction projects, we proposed to use the following indicators: «object marginal income» and «project marginality». We have developed a model to create those indicators using cash flows generated throughout the life cycle of the project as the base. The model includes new financing conditions with the deposit of investors' funds in excrow accounts. We have idenitifed and analyzed the main factors determining the price of housing in Vladivostok. The model was tested on the example of the construction of a 20-storey residential complex. The use of the proposed approach in practice will allow developers to assess the investment attractiveness of housing construction projects taking into account specific construction conditions, and will contribute to solving the housing problem in Vladivostok.
Regional Aspect of Cadre Policy in China (1980-2000s)
Authors: Zuenko Ivan , Seltser Dmitry
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the problem of modern China’s cadre policy through the prism of regional leaders’ rotation system. The system was introduced since the beginning of PRC aimed to prevent separatism moods and to prepare officials for highest ranks. During ‘re-centralization’ reforms in mid-1990s it was upgraded and institutionalized. The experience of leading work in regions became inevitable for future political elite. The system has its positive and negative consequences but in general its realization led to Centre-peripheral relations balance in 1990s and became the main factor of political regime stabilization in China. The article uses wide range of Chinese sources (statistical and biographical data books, regional chronicles, and year books), most part of which was introduced into scientific discourse. The research adds new information to the data already available from previously published works on cadre system in China with a focus on regional aspect.
The Early Political History of the Eastern Jin and Chancellor Wang Dao (279-339 AD)
Authors: Tsyrenov Chinghis
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to a historical study of the political career of a Shandong aristocrat from the Langye district and the first chancellor of the southern Chinese dynasty of the Eastern Jin, as well as to identify factors that contributed to his rapid rise. Particular attention was paid to the religious and ideological aspects of the historical and political processes that took place at the court and the capital of the Eastern Jin. In the course of the study, we used specific historical methods of textual, historical-biographical and historical-geographical analysis of events and personalities associated with the personality of Chancellor Wang Dao. The main source of information about Wang Dao's political career is the official dynastic history "Jin shu" ("History of the [dynasty] Jin"), namely, chapter 65 (section "Liezhuan"), dedicated to representatives of the Shandong Wang clan. As a result of the historical and biographical analysis, it was found that the decisive factors in Wang Dao's successful career were personal business qualities, a successful matrimonial strategy for the ruling house of Sima, who founded the Eastern Jin dynasty, as well as the active support of influential Chinese Buddhist hierarchs. Family and confessional ties of court supporters of the Buddhist sangha with famous dignitaries and glorious men of the Eastern Jin were reconstructed.
Achieving Green Innovation Through CEOs’ Green Transformational Leadership and Green Absorptive Capacity: Evidence from the Textile Industry
Authors: ÖZGÜL Burcu
Published: December 2023

Existing literature has overlooked the mediating role of green absorptive capacity in the correlation between green transformational leadership and green innovation. The present study aimed to explore how Chief Executive Officers’ (CEOs) green transformational leadership impacted green innovation through green absorptive capacity. Data were collected from 258 companies in the textile industry in Turkey by survey method. The data were analyzed with the SmartPLS analysis program. The results clarify that green absorptive capacity has a mediating role in the relationship between green transformational leadership and green innovation and indicate a new way to promote green innovation in organizations.
Foreign Aid, Institutions, and Economic Performance in Developing Countries
Authors: HAYALOĞLU Pınar
Published: December 2023

Although official development assistance presents a solution for developing countries to overcome the lack of capital, there is no consensus in the literature on the effectiveness of foreign aid. Moreover, opinions claiming that aid can only affect growth positively under certain conditions see institutional quality as an essential aspect that boosts the positive impact of aid. This study examines the relationships between foreign aid, institutional structure, and economic performance for 80 countries in Europe, America, Africa, and Asia. It is found that official development assistance and the quality of institutional structure in the sample countries affect economic growth positively. It also provides some suggestive evidence showing that foreign aid has a positive effect on the institutional structure.