bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Re-narrating” Disability through Musical Performance
Authors: Honisch Stefan Sunandan
Published: November 2018

The combination of disability and music performance engages two principal dimensions: the reality of living and functioning as a musician with an impairment (lived experience), and the outside perceptions of that reality which intrude upon an audience’s experience of, and response to a musical performance. In recognition of the fact that these two aspects of disability affect both performer and audience in numerous complex ways, this paper addresses both of these dimensions in turn, and then examines how they intersect in the context of a live musical performance. The central purpose of this paper, then, is to elucidate the dialectical relationship between the lived reality of being a visibly impaired musician, and external views of that reality. I shall argue that the presence of visible physical difference in the context of a Western art music performance disrupts conventional binary oppositions between ability and disability, and as such opens up a space for both performers and audiences within which they can re-think their relationships to, and interactions with, people whose lived experiences sometimes may be very different from their own. To support this project, I draw upon Henri Giroux’s conception of culture as “the primary sphere in which individuals, groups, and institutions engage in the art of translating the diverse and multiple relations that mediate between private life and public concerns.” Following Giroux’s assertion that “private issues” connect with “larger social conditions” (".fn_cite($giroux_2004).", 62), I explore the relationship between the private experience of physical impairment, and the impact of physical difference on society in general and musical performance in particular, by using my own experiences as a musician with physical impairments as a point of reference.
On the Metrical Techniques of Flow in Rap Music
Authors: Adams Kyle
Published: November 2018

This article systematically explores the concept of flow in rap music, with the goal of understanding how rappers’ uses of flow contribute both to the surface rhythmic vitality of a song and to deeper levels of musical meaning. I will explain the three most significant metrical techniques that constitute a rapper’s flow, and give examples of rap songs using each technique. The article concludes with some thoughts on how changes in flow as rap music evolved contributed not only to different style features, but also to value judgments by both rappers and audiences.
The Importance of Bodily Gesture in Sofia Gubaidulina’s Music for Low Strings
Authors: Berry Michael
Published: November 2018

The role of the body in musical performance has recently received quite a lot of study. In most cases, the gesture is seen as subservient to the sound it creates: this is also the case in linguistic studies of gesture—the gesture usually “accompanies” the speech act, placing the visual second to the aural. Instrumental music in the twentieth century has seen an increase in the importance of the body in performance. Many works incorporate (either directly or indirectly) an element of theatricality in addition to the purely sonic content. Sofia Gubaidulina is one of many composers whose music features an increased attention to the body. In some passages of her compositions, practical bodily gestures—those movements of the body that are concerned with producing sound from one’s instrument—are actually more important to the work than the resulting sounds. In this paper, I examine some of these passages with a particular focus on Gubaidulina’s writing for cello and double bass. The first part of the paper offers a brief overview of gestural studies in music and linguistics in an effort to develop some terminology for use in the analyses. The second part of the paper provides examples of gestural symbolism in a number of Gubaidulina’s works for low strings. The final part of my paper examines Gubaidulina’s silent works—those in which gestures are prescribed but no sound results—and offers some directions for further study.
Discrimination and Evaluation of Trichords
Authors: Kuusi Tuire
Published: November 2018

This study explores how listeners evaluate trichords, both traditional and nontraditional. There were two aims: to clarify the role of set-class identity for evaluating and to analyze which factors in chord voicing guide evaluations. In the first of two experiments, participants were asked to pick one chord from a sequence of four. The interest was in how systematically chords representing the same set class were grouped and how well chords representing different set-classes were distinguished; the experiment focused on structural aspects (set class). In a second experiment, participants were asked to describe individual chords with freely chosen adjectives. This experiment focused on perceptual evaluations and whether certain emotional expressions were associated with certain chordal characteristics. In Experiment 1, 52.2% of the participants’ responses were made according to set class. In Experiment 2, a total of 716 words were given in responses, of which 348 were different. In both experiments the degree of consonance and the familiarity of the chords were the most important factors. Some chord grouping, representing the same set class, was also found. In Experiment 1, an additional factor was pitch-class content, and in Experiment 2, chord span.
Birdcage Flights
Authors: Rockwell Joti
Published: November 2018

This study explores connections between trichords and tetrachords from a voice-leading perspective. It begins with a definition of a voice-leading relation that draws from the work of Callender, Douthett, and Steinbach and uses a matrix to account for parsimonious voice leading. Given specific matrix values and chord-type constraints, networks arise that integrate both trichords and tetrachords, and both inter- and intra-cardinality relations can be modeled by the resulting “birdcage” graphs.
Dyadic TC Lattices
Authors: Traut Donald G.
Published: November 2018

This short study builds on Richard Cohn’s work by illustrating that dyadic transpositional combination alone accounts for the majority of noteworthy set-classes with the TC-property. It presents six lattices of scs all related by TC and then analyzes the results as they relate to the 94 scs with IS.
Pedagogical Applications of the Video GameDance Dance Revolutionto Aural Skills Instruction
Authors: Auerbach Brent
Published: November 2018

In the video gameDance Dance Revolution(DDR), players earn points by depressing buttons with their feet in time with instructions given on the screen by scrolling arrows. The arrows, which reveal the step components of pre-programmed dance routines, are spaced such that all rhythmic attacks are perfectly coordinated with the beats and/or rhythms of Electronic Dance Music. Many aspects of the game, including its emphasis on accurate rhythmic performance and the presence of an objective, real-time scoring mechanism, causeDDRto have significant implications for musicianship training. This article discusses howDDRmay be profitably incorporated into the undergraduate aural skills classroom to help improve sight-reading, rhythm performance, and the dictation of popular music. This article includes both video recorded demonstrations of the game along with a sample curriculum for instructors interested in setting up labs for students to train withDDR.
Extraordinary Function and the Half-Diminished Seventh in the Song of the Wood Dove
Authors: Brasky Jill T.
Published: November 2018

This study considers the half-diminished seventh, a chord that, in post-Romantic contexts, often fails to yield to easy classifications because of the multitude of potential interpretations. The seventh is crucial to an understanding of Arnold Schoenberg’s “Tauben von Gurre!” (the Song of the Wood Dove), from the end ofGurrelieder’s Part I—a lush, tonal work that remained incomplete until 1911. In combination with the story’s three main characters, the seventh’s local and large-scale implications help to provide an interpretation that weaves its way through “Tauben,”Gurrelieder, and touches briefly on Schoenberg’s own life.
Harmonic Stasis and Oscillation in Björk’s Medúlla
Authors: Malawey Victoria
Published: November 2018

Björk Guðmundsdóttir’s 2004 all-vocal album Medúlla provides an opportunity to explore processes of harmonic oscillation, the repetition of two or more alternating harmonies, and stasis, the continuous repetition of a single harmony. Qualities of timelessness are evoked through harmonic stasis, which allows for intricate vocal textures to come to the fore in songs such as “Komið” and “Öll Birtan.” “Who Is It” illustrates how local-level and global processes of harmonic oscillation interact and how traditional chord function may be negated through oscillation. To account for harmonic progressions that suggest tonal centricity, concepts of repose and tension are applied as interpretive models to passages from “Triumph of a Heart.” This paper offers a model to describe oscillation and combines models developed by Tim Hughes to explore other uses of harmonic oscillation and stasis. Overarching oscillations support extra-musical narratives suggested by song lyrics and music videos. These models of analysis can be applied to other songs by Björk, as well as other popular music, as an alternative to traditional methods of understanding tonal harmony, which break down for such songs.
Harmonic Progression in Magnus Lindberg’sTwine
Authors: Martin Ed
Published: November 2018

In the 1980s and early 1990s, Magnus Lindberg (b. 1958) developed a sophisticated harmonic system to organize progressions of dodecaphonic chords centering on his innovative use of chaconne. This article delves into Lindberg’s harmonic system by analyzing an early work in which it is fully developed:Twine(1988) for solo piano. I will discuss the construction of the composer’s dodecaphonic chords, show the inventive techniques by which he applies chaconne to systematically arrange these harmonies into progressions, and demonstrate how these progressions define the large-scale formal structure ofTwine.
Becoming at a Deeper Level: Divisional Overlap in Sonata Forms from the Late Nineteenth Century
Authors: Reddick Carissa
Published: November 2018

The concept of form as “becoming,” as proposed by Janet Schmalfeldt in her article “Form as the Process of Becoming: The Beethoven-Hegelian Tradition and the ‘Tempest’ Sonata,” is related to the concept of functional overlap, in which the function of a given segment extends into a neighboring segment. This phenomenon occurs in classical movements, as in the first movement of Haydn’s String Quartet, Op. 33 No. 1 (H. III:37), in the first movement of Beethoven’s Tempest sonata (as explored in Schmalfeldt’s article), and in sonata-form movements from the late nineteenth century. These later movements contain overlap not only between adjacent segments (primary theme, transition, etc.) within the larger divisions, but also between the larger divisions (exposition, development, etc.) themselves. This paper explores divisional functional overlap between the development and recapitulation, with particular focus on two of its manifestations: 1) overlap between the retransition and the recapitulation, and 2) Hepokoski & Darcy’s so-called “expanded Type 1” sonata, in which the recapitulation gives way to, or becomes, the development. The use of such a format, and other types of deeper-level functional overlap, by composers in the late nineteenth century reflects their continuation of Beethoven’s interpretation of sonata form as a process of the interaction between motivic material and formal function.
Beethoven’s “Tempest” Exposition
Authors: Caplin William E.
Published: November 2018

Janet Schmalfeldt’s formal reading of Beethoven’s “Tempest” Sonata (first movement) invites further considerations regarding the retrospective reinterpretation of formal functions. This essay, stimulated by her analyses, investigates three aspects of the exposition section: (1) the problem of the main theme in relation to a possible introduction and the subsequent transition; (2) the functionally ambiguous status of the “standing on the dominant” in the new key; (3) the difficulty of determining a final cadence for the exposition and the resulting confusion between cadential and post-cadential functions.
Mode, Harmony, and Dissonance Treatment in American Folk and Popular Music, c. 1920–1945
Authors: Stoia Nicholas
Published: November 2018

In American folk and popular music, dissonance frequently functions in ways that cannot be explained by conventional tonal theory. Two types of dissonance—the dropping and hanging thirds—function outside of classical norms, and within the framework of a mode built around the tonic triad that either transposes or remains in place with changes of harmony. The interaction between the mode and harmony influences the large-scale structure of a strophe or other section and the perception of its tension and resolution.
Noting Images: Understanding the Illustrated Manuscripts of Mendelssohn’sSchilfliedand Hindemith’sLudus Tonalis
Authors: Walden Daniel K. S.
Published: November 2018

Felix Mendelssohn and Paul Hindemith, composing about one hundred years apart, integrated visual elements, including drawings and illustrated notations, into musical manuscripts they designed as gifts for women they admired. The two documents, illustrating Mendelssohn’sSchilflied(1842) and Hindemith’sLudus Tonalis(1942), are strong declarations of compositional and artistic ideology. This article examines the scores as reflecting, respectively, aspects of nineteenth-century and early twentieth-century conceptions of musical composition and form, and their relation to visual media.
Modeling Diatonic, Acoustic, Hexatonic, and Octatonic Harmonies and Progressions in Two- and Three-Dimensional Pitch Spaces; or Jazz Harmony after 1960
Authors: Waters Keith J. , Williams J. Kent
Published: November 2018

The paper provides methods for modeling harmonies and harmonic progressions based on diatonic, acoustic, hexatonic, and octatonic collections. It examines these four spaces in relation to jazz harmony, particularly post-1960s jazz compositions in which harmonic function is suppressed or absent. It discusses the opening progression to Wayne Shorter’s composition “Vonetta” (from the 1967 Miles Davis Quintet recording Sorcerer), and ultimately provides a three-dimensional Tonnetz that permits moves among ninth chords, showing them as trapezoidal moves in all four spaces. The article makes use of interactive graphics to illustrate its procedures.
Variant Timekeeping Patterns and Their Effects in Jazz Drumming
Authors: Butterfield Matthew W.
Published: November 2018

In accompanying improvising soloists, jazz drummers must both maintain a steady pulse in conjunction with the bassist and generate intensity and excitement by means of irregular, improvised accompaniment patterns known as “comping.” Timekeeping and comping practices are generally conceived in opposition, with the former understood as “solid” and the latter as “liquid.” This essay shows how one modern jazz drummer employs variants of common timekeeping patterns in a more “liquid” way to generate motional energy through the strategic production of metric dissonance at key moments within a performance. In this way, timekeeping patterns may be understood not as extraneous to rhythmic intensification, but as integral to it.
Rhythmic Feel as Meter
Authors: Polak Rainer
Published: November 2018

This article studies the empirical structures and theoretical status of rhythmic feels in jembe music, which is a popular style of drum ensemble music from West Africa. The focus is onsystematic variations of durations(Bengtsson 1975)—that is, cyclic patterns of non-isochronous pulse streaming at the metric level of beat subdivision. Taking for example a standard piece of jembe repertoire that is set in a 4-beat/12-subpulse metric cycle (often notated as 12/8), I show that the ternary beat subdivision forms a repeated sequence of unequal (short, flexible, and long) subpulses. This stable rhythmic feel pattern, SFL, is unmistakable and non-interchangeable with a second ternary pattern, which is characterized by long, flexible, flexible subpulses (LFF) and occurs in other pieces of jembe music. As predicted in Justin London’s “hypothesis of many meters” (London 2004), these timing patterns distinguish individual meters. I further analyze how schemes of binary and ternary beat subdivisions can be synchronized to operate in parallel. Such metric nesting is based on the patterned non-isochrony of rhythmic feels. Cyclic variation of subpulse durations, I argue, is inherent in the repertoire and fundamental to the metric system of jembe music.
Spectral Meter: Dramatizing Entrainment and Communicating Form in Gérard Grisey’sVortex Temporum I(1994–96)
Authors: Jakubowski Joseph R.
Published: November 2018

In this paper, I apply theories of metric cognition, especially Justin London’s theory of meter as entrainment behavior (2012), to analysis of form in the first section ofVortex Temporum I(Rehearsal numbers 1–37). I analyze this section in terms of listeners’ evolving entrainment responses to its meters, finding that the first section outlines a changing relationship with meter from subconscious expectation to conscious audition. I ground my analysis in Grisey’s temporal theory (1987) and theories of musical communication, as well as recent work in metric cognition, metric conflict, and meter-driven form. My paper thus proposes an expansion of spectral thought by showing how Grisey structures a piece around a metric cognitive principle much as he builds other pieces around cognitive principles in the domains of pitch and timbre.
Four Studies of Charlie Parker's Compositional Processes
Authors: Martin Henry
Published: November 2018

Charlie Parker has been much appreciated as an improviser, but he was also an important jazz composer, a topic yet to be studied in depth. Parker’s compositions offer insight into his total musicianship as well as provide a summary of early bebop style. Because he left no working manuscripts, we cannot examine his compositions evolving on paper. We do possess occasional single parts for trumpet or alto saxophone of pieces written for recording sessions and four Library of Congress lead sheets copied in his hand, and, as an introduction, I show examples of such manuscripts. The article continues by exploring what we can infer about Parker’s compositional processes from those instances where he made revisions to improve or create the final product. In particular, there is one instance of Parker revising a work already completed (“Ornithology”), one instance of Parker combining two pieces by another composer into one of his own (“My Little Suede Shoes”), and two instances of Parker composing in the studio where we can hear his revisions immediately (“Red Cross” and “Blues (Fast)”). The middle part of the paper explores Parker in these creative settings. Parker’s methods sometimes differ from traditional composition and suggest that we reconsider the usual distinction between improvisation and composition. I conclude with observations on Parker’s procedures, proposing refinements to ontological models of musical works to account for jazz compositions.
Feedback and Feedforward Models of Musical Key
Authors: White Christopher Wm.
Published: November 2018

This study begins by drawing a distinction between two ways of framing the concept of musical key.Feedforwardmodels understand key as arising from immediately apparent surface characteristics like the distribution of pitch classes or a melody’s intervallic content.Feedbackmodels, on the other hand, understand key as being determined in tandem with other domains. Here, key arises from the surface being organized into other more complicated musical groupings or schemata—harmonic progressions, cadences, prolongations, meter, etc.—that themselves are informed by the music’s tonal center. While much music theory and theory pedagogy have acknowledged that feedback occurs in various approaches to tonality, formal modeling in the fields of music cognition and computation has focused primarily on feedforward systems. This article attempts to right this imbalance by presenting a corpus-based feedback computational model that can be tested against human behavior. My model will identify a passage’s key by organizing a surface into its constituent harmonies. Here, harmonic organization and key will be integrated into a feedback system with the ideal key being that which produces the ideal harmonic analysis, and vice versa. To validate the resulting model, its behavior is compared to that of other published tonal models, to the behaviors of undergraduate music students, and to the intuitions of professional music theorists.
An Octatonic History of Prokofiev’s Compositional Oeuvre
Authors: Bazayev Inessa
Published: November 2018

The article examines Prokofiev’s compositional oeuvre through the lens of the Rimsky-Korsakov scale (octatonic collection) and its prominence in selected works from 1915 through 1941. Although he never took a composition lesson with Rimsky-Korsakov, Prokofiev’s careful use of the collection shows his intimate knowledge of the scale. The article seeks to add a understanding of the development of the Rimsky-Korsakov scale within Russian theoretical thought. A survey of short octatonic sections culminates in the analysis of Sonata no. 6, which not only uses the same octatonic collection to characterize the themes of first and last movements, but also features a scalar version of the octatonic collection at the very climax of the last movement. This event further enhances the importance of the scale and takes on a dramatic role from its initial association with magical characters in Rimsky-Korsakov’s music to depicting the despicable woes of the Great Patriotic War in Prokofiev’s music.
Prokofiev’s Symphony no. 2, Yuri Kholopov, and the Theory of Twelve-Tone Chords
Authors: Segall Christopher
Published: November 2018

A small collection of works, including Prokofiev’s Symphony no. 2 (1924), include chords with all twelve pitch classes. Yuri Kholopov, the foremost late-Soviet theorist, considered twelve-tone chords a branch of twelve-tone technique. Taking Prokofiev and Kholopov as a starting point, and building on prior scholarship by Martina Homma, I assemble a history and theory of twelve-tone chords. The central theoretical problem is that of differentiation: as all twelve-tone chords contain the same twelve pitch classes, there is essentially only one twelve-tone chord. Yet twelve-tone chords can be categorized on the basis of their deployment in pitch space. Twelve-tone chords tend to exhibit three common features: they avoid doublings, they have a range of about 3 to 5.5 octaves, and their vertical interval structure follows some sort of pattern. This article contextualizes twelve-tone chords within the broader early-twentieth-century experimentation with aggregate-based composition.
Expressive Meaning and the Empirical Analysis of Musical Gesture
Authors: Albrecht Joshua D.
Published: November 2018

Many investigations of the expressive meaning of musical works rely only on the musical interpretations and intuitions of the author. While invaluable, theorists’ analyses are often biased or contradict one another. This paper presents a novel empirical approach to analyzing musical expression, in which the interpretations of individual theorists are balanced with listener reception in a broader audience, in this case a group of 110 music students from two universities. This new paradigm, which I have termed “the progressive exposure method,” presents a larger excerpt in shorter discrete segments. An exploratory case study illustrates the progressive exposure method through an analysis of the expressive meaning of the second movement of Beethoven’sPathétiqueSonata. When the results are amalgamated, a diachronic portrait emerges of cognitively complex emotions blended together as they unfold throughout the movement. This article provides readers with a hands-on, interactive tool for examining all of the results of the study. By presenting short musical gestures to listeners, a bottom-up, data-driven analysis of the expressive meaning of musical gestures and topics in the movement is possible. The consequent analytical results intersect in unique ways with more traditional theoretical and analytical practices, illustrating original applications of empirical methods to existing theories of musical expression as a means of providing converging evidence for those theories. Specifically, the results of this intersubjective analysis are discussed in light of theories of musical meaning by Hatten, Meyer, Narmour, Huron, and Margulis, and the results provide a new opportunity to directly and empirically testing a number of these authors’ hypotheses.
Performers as Creative Agents; or, Musicians Just Want To Have Fun
Authors: Klorman Edward
Published: November 2018

In this paper, I explore conceptions of creativity in musical performance in both popular and Western art musics. I examine Cyndi Lauper’s iconic performance of the song “Girls Just Want To Have Fun,” which transformed the meaning of Robert Hazard’s original demo of the same song. I then analyze performance choices relating to structural cadences in Mozart’s Sonata in A minor, K. 310; Bach’s Cello Suite No. 1 in G major, BWV 1007; and Beethoven’s Sonata in ".fn_flat("A")." major, op. 110.
Performing Agency
Authors: Zbikowski Lawrence M.
Published: November 2018

This essay, which responds to the essays collected here, draws on a theory of agency developed by the social anthropologist Alfred Gell to argue for the essentially social nature of musical agency, and the essential role of performance in enacting musical agency. This perspective is then brought to bear on each essay, as well as on the discipline of music theory as a whole.
Reciprocal Interpretations of Music and Painting
Authors: Hilewicz Orit
Published: November 2018

In this paper, I explore ways in which three compositions—Gunther Schuller’sSeven Studies on Themes of Paul Klee(1959), Peter Maxwell Davies’sFive Klee Pictures(1959/1976), and Tan Dun’sDeath and Fire(1992)—lead a listener-observer to understand Paul Klee’s paintingDie Zwitschermachine[The Twittering Machine] (1922) not only as influencing music composition but as one whose reception is influencedbycomposition as interpretation. I rely on concepts that I termdescriptiveorcontextual representationto provide the framework for explaining such reciprocal relations between music and painting. By providing a unique lens through which to view the painting, each piece participates in generating a new twittering machine, so that the analyses uncover three differentZwitschermaschinen. Considered together with the painting, the three compositions take part in creating three distinct virtual multimedia works, each consisting of a combination of the painting with the music. Observers of Klee’s canvas, empowered with the musical thought of the three composers, may apperceive the painting anew through a multitextual listening activity that involves descriptive and contextual representation.
“So Complete in Beautiful Deformity”: Unexpected Beginnings and Rotated Riffs in Meshuggah’sobZen
Authors: Lucas Olivia R.
Published: November 2018

The music of Swedish extreme metal band Meshuggah is known for combining a rigid ".fn_meter(4,4)."-based hypermetrical song structure with riffs having a variety of durational spans. These looping riffs fall in and out of alignment with this background structure, but rarely overcome it, as their cycling is cut off at the end of the hypermetrical segment. Some riffs, however, further complicate this structure by seeming to beginin media res. This article studies three such riffs from the 2008 albumobZenas a way of analyzing the larger juxtaposition of rigidly regular quadruple hypermetrical song segments with riffs that struggle—and usually fail—to destabilize those structures. In my analyses, I move between conventional transcriptions and spectrograms, with an eye (and ear) toward questioning what each can tell us about musical events. Finally, with lyrics often centered on the desire for radical freedom or enlightenment, and musical patterns that ritualize the suppression of elements that break the “order” of ".fn_meter(4,4).", I suggest that Meshuggah’s use of rhythm and form explores ideas of freedom and rigid control, liveliness and predictability, with which listeners engage via a variety of embodied listening practices.
What Can the Temporal Structure of Auditory Perception Tell Us about Musical “Timelessness”?
Authors: Noble Jason D. K.
Published: November 2018

“Timelessness” is an area of intense interest for many composers and authors interested in 20th- and 21st-century music, but it is not always clear exactly what the term denotes. In particular, the distinction between theinductionof timelessness (the listener’s subjective experience of time is altered or suspended by music) and theperceptionof timelessness (the listener recognizes that the music expresses altered or suspended time) has yet to be clarified. This paper argues that, while experiences of timelessness may beinducedby a wide variety of musics and are not necessarily contingent on specific musical qualities, theperceptionof musical timelessness involves relationships between music’s temporal organization and the temporal structure of auditory perception. Of particular interest are segmentation, sequence, pulse, meter, and repetition. Music whose temporal organization optimizes human information processing and embodiment expresses “human time,” and music whose temporal organization subverts or exceeds human information processing and embodiment points outside of human time, to timelessness. This hypothesis is illustrated with examples from the 20th-century repertoire by Truax, Ligeti, Crumb, Reich, Tenney, Messiaen, and Grisey, music that has been associated with timelessness.
Introduction
Authors: Montague Eugene
Published: November 2018

This essay provides an introduction to the essays collected here, giving a historical context to the collection, providing a short summary of each one, and a conclusion.
Understanding Agency from the Decks to the Dance Floor
Authors: Gadir Tami
Published: November 2018

Agency is a concept employed widely and in varied ways across interdisciplinary music studies, from the philosophical to the experimental scientific. This article explores some of the theories and methodologies that inform such perspectives, bringing them into conversation with one another. It begins with a conceptual summary juxtaposing the accounts of musical agency that different fields employ and traces their intellectual influences. The article concludes with examples from interviews and fieldwork in contemporary dance club settings that illustrate, but also further complicate, the notion of musical agency.
Motor Constraints Shaping Musical Experience
Authors: Godøy Rolfe Inge
Published: November 2018

In recent decades, we have seen a surge in published work on embodied music cognition, and it is now broadly accepted that musical experience is intimately linked with experiences of body motion. It is also clear that music performance is not something abstract and without restrictions, but something traditionally (i.e., before the advent of electronic music) constrained by our possibilities for body motion. The focus of this paper is on these various constraints of sound-producing body motion that shape the emergent perceptual features of musical sound, as well as on how these constraints may enhance our understanding of agency in music perception.
The Principles of Investment Law in the Management of Mineral and Coal Resources Within Communal Land
Authors: Salinding Marthen B.
Published: November 2018

The legal forms of land tenure by communal society, known as communal, are varies in Indonesia. Communal title has been considered as a juridical and common term, although each of communal societies actually has their own different technical term. Making communal land as an investment place of managing mineral and coal resources might bring some legal issues for communal society. The first issue related to less optimal implementation of the principles of investment law by both government and investors. It would impact on the emerging conflicts between communal society and investors. Second, the position of communal land loaded by given-period mining permit would turn into the state property after the period ended.
LEGAL FORMULATION OF MARRIAGE OF DIFFERENT RELIGIONS FOR THE BENEFIT OF SOCIETY
Authors: Septiandani Dian , Triasih Dharu , Muryati Dewi Tuti
Published: November 2018

Different religious marriages are a problem for society. Indonesia is a country with the majority of the world's largest Muslim population issues concerning marriage is still common. There is a need for proper legal formulation for interfaith marriage as an effort to minimize any adverse impacts arising in different religious marriages
THE LAW OF JUDICIARY POWER SYNERGIZING THE POSITIVISM AND HISTORICISM
Authors: Widowati Christiani , Aryatie Indira Retno
Published: November 2018

Judiciary Power. Indonesia applies Civil Law System; that considers legislation as the primary legal source. Preferring legislation as a legal source is one characteristic of positivism. The Civil Law System, however, mentions that judges are obligated to see the values in society if the legislation does not set for that. It implicitly refers to societal law, including common Law. Taking the common law as a legal source is the characteristic of historicism as well; mentioning that the soul of a nation (volkgeist) derives from the values living in society. Basically, these two schools are contradictory to one another in their perspective of law. Positivism sees that state-made law is the only applied law. The law of Judiciary Power synergies between these two schools and takes a common low as a legal source for judges to make a decision.
Theory of Inhomogeneous Short Range Order and Calphad Modeling. Part 3. Association Solution Model Reconstructed
Authors: Kremer Edward
Published: November 2018

Internal problems of Association Solution Model are analyzed and based on this analysis a few important modifications are introduced in the formalism and in the interpretation of the model.Reconstructed model is free from the named problems and has significant advantages from the point of view of consistency and applicability. A set of comparative examples is provided.
Urgensi Pembelajaran Tematik Terhadap Velues Education Untuk Anak Madrasah Ibtidaiyah dan Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Mahmudah Masrurotul
Published: November 2018

Dari banyaknya permasalahan yang sering terjadi di Negara Indonesia saat ini membuat masyarakat semakin resah. Akan tetapi yang lebih meresahkan lagi adalah merajuknya kriminalitas pada dunia pendidikan tingkat dasar, yaitu seringnya terjadi kekerasan di sekolah dasar/ madrasah ibtidiyah. Semakin hari semakin meningkat tingkat kriminalitas tersebut, sehingga sungguh ngeri membayangkan kehidupan para generasi kita yang akan datang. Oleh karena itu, saat ini sudah waktunya kita untuk berbuat adil terhadap anak-anak, karena setiap anak mempunnyai dunia tersendiri yaitu dunia yang jauh dari konflik. Dengan demikian, yang perlu dibenahi adalah pola pendidikan. Baik pendidikan di sekolah maupun pendidikan dalam keluarga. Yang paling utama adalah bagaimana cara kita menerapkan pendidikan nilai pada generasi muda sekarang. Pada saat ini, pendidikan sekolah masih menjadi prioritas unggulan sehingga tidak ada salahnya jika kita menyoroti proses pembelajaran disekolahan. Baru-baru ini pemerintah menerapkan model pembelajaran tematik, dengan ini terbukti bahwa pemerintah juga mengharapkan perbaikan dalam setiap proses pembelajaran. Karena dalam pembelajaran tematik sistem pelaksanaanya adalah humanisasi, sehingga di dalam pelaksanaannya tidak boleh ada tekanan dan tuntutan hanya kerjasama antara guru dengan siswa, dan siswa dengan siswa
On the nature of the Higgs boson
Authors: Anselmi Damiano
Published: November 2018

Several particles are not observed directly, but only through their decay products. We consider the possibility that they might be fakeons, i.e. fake particles, which mediate interactions but are not asymptotic states. A crucial role to determine the true nature of a particle is played by the imaginary parts of the one-loop radiative corrections, which are affected in nontrivial ways by the presence of fakeons in the loop. The knowledge we have today is sufficient to prove that most non directly observed particles are true physical particles. However, in the case of the Higgs boson the possibility that it might be a fakeon remains open. The issue can be resolved by means of precision measurements in existing and future accelerators.
Comment: Spinning prions, doppels and shadoos.
Authors: Premzl Marko
Published: November 2018

The present comment reported evidence that Watts and colleagues intentionally misappropriated initial description of Shadow of prion protein gene in their 2007 article's press release entitled "New prion protein discovered by Canadian scientists may offer insight into mad cow disease" that was published on AAAS EurekAlert! news service (https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2007-08/uoa-npp081507.php).
Perbandingan Usability Sistem Operasi Antara Windows dan Macintosh di Universitas Negeri Manado
Authors: Batmetan John Reimon
Published: November 2018

Sistem operasi merupakan perangkat lunak system computer yang paling penting, Saat ini ada beberapa system operasi yang begitu popular diantaranya adalah Windows dan MacOS. Dilakukan pengukuran usability antara system operasi Windows dan MacOS. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur perbandingan penggunaan antara system operasi Windows dan Mac dalam perkuliahan di Universitas Negeri Manado. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner dengan 13 pertanyaan yang diajukan dan 25 responden yang diterima, kemudian dilakukan alanisa data menggunakan skala pengukur guttman. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa system operasi windows lebih banyak digunakan dengan presentase yang jauh lebih tinggi dari MacOS. Hasil penelitian ini juga lebih memilih system operasi windows dengan 84.61% sedangkan MacOS dengan 11.38%. Karena mulai dari segi popularitas dikalangan mahasiswa Universitas Manado, banyak yang menggunakan Windows karna dianggap lebih mudah dan aplikasi yang disediakan secara gratis berbeda dengan MacOS yang prabayar.
On the quantum field theory of the gravitational interactions
Authors: Anselmi Damiano
Published: November 2018

We study the main options for a unitary and renormalizable, local quantum field theory of the gravitational interactions. The first model is a Lee-Wick superrenormalizable higher-derivative gravity, formulated as a nonanalytically Wick rotated Euclidean theory. We show that, under certain conditions, the $S$ matrix is unitary when the cosmological constant vanishes. The model is the simplest of its class. However, infinitely many similar options are allowed, which raises the issue of uniqueness. To deal with this problem, we propose a new quantization prescription, by doubling the unphysical poles of the higher-derivative propagators and turning them into Lee-Wick poles. The Lagrangian of the simplest theory of quantum gravity based on this idea is the linear combination of $R$, $R_{\mu \nu}R^{\mu \nu }$, $R^{2}$ and the cosmological term. Only the graviton propagates in the cutting equations and, when the cosmological constant vanishes, the $S$ matrix is unitary. The theory satisfies the locality of counterterms and is renormalizable by power counting. It is unique in the sense that it is the only one with a dimensionless gauge coupling.
A Micro-Phenomenological Lens for Evaluating Narrative Visualization
Authors: NOWAK STANISLAW T
Published: November 2018

Narrative visualizations engage audience in data stories, evoking emotions by using narrative patterns, rhetoric, visual design, and content among other strategies. How these elements combine to influence user experiences is complex and difficult to measure using empirical methods. This is partly due to the fact that narrative visualizations influence audiences affectively and implicitly [1]–[3]. Evaluations of narrative visualizations that aim to better understand these mechanisms should capture this rich complexity by focusing on gathering descriptions of lived experience. Micro-phenomenology, a rigorous set of methods developed for soliciting descriptions of experiences, has empirically been shown to improve recollection of otherwise implicit aspects of experience [4]. Building on work using micro-phenomenological interviews to evaluate static visualizations [5], we apply these methods to interactive narrative visualizations. We conducted a small study to explore the potential of these methods in this context. Our findings reveal how narrative patterns and designs influence affective states, how they support various forms of exploratory analysis, and how they can facilitate or hinder non-analytical reflection such as the imagining of stories described within visualizations. These types of insights can inform future designs and help researchers understand how techniques employed in narrative visualizations influence users in specific and often implicit ways.
Model Desain Thinking Pada Perancangan Aplikasi Mobile Learning
Authors: Batmetan John Reimon
Published: November 2018

Tekologi yang sudah semakin maju dijaman sekarang ini terlebih unyuk telepon seluler. Pada saat ini hamper setiap orang memiliki telepon seluler. Teknologi telepon seluler juga berkembang dari masa ke masa. Hingga sampai saat ini telepon seluer sudah bisa digunakan untuk banyak hal termasuk sebagai media pembelajaran. Media pembelajaran yang biasa digunakan melalui telepon seluler biasa disebut Mobile Learning. Mobile Leraning ini digunakan untuk menjangkau atau lebih memudahkan proses pembelajaran bagi para pelajar dan juga para pengajaran. Namun dalam kenyataan banyak aplikasi Mobile Leraning yang sedikit digunakan dikarenakan tampilan dan fitur yang ada didalam aplikasi Mobile Learning yang tidak menarik bagi pengguna. Untuk itu kami merancang aplikasi mobile leraning dengan menggunakan metode desain Thinking. Metode ini adalah metode kreatif karena dengan menggunakan metode ini para pengembang bisa berkreasi dengan ide-ide mereka, tapi juga mereka bisa mengetahui kebutuhan dari pengguna.
Teacher Morale and Leadership in Modern Schools
Authors: White Alan Robert
Published: November 2018

In many government schools throughout the world teachers and administrators face a daily battle to survive. Teachers are constantly evaluated and face reprisals for failure. Great emphasis is placed on passing standardized tests and ticking various boxes. Teaching is conducted whilst coping with economic inequalities and poor student behaviour. The following paper examines how administrators attempt to build and sustain morale against a background of failing policies, rules and social deprivation.
Potential of Neural Networks for Structural Damage Localization
Authors: Abambres Miguel , Marcy Marília , Doz Graciela
Published: November 2018

Fabrication technology and structural engineering states-of-art have led to a growing use of slender structures, making them more susceptible to static and dynamic actions that may lead to some sort of damage. In this context, regular inspections and evaluations are necessary to detect and predict structural damage and establish maintenance actions able to guarantee structural safety and durability with minimal cost. However, these procedures are traditionally quite time-consuming and costly, and techniques allowing a more effective damage detection are necessary. This paper assesses the potential of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models in the prediction of damage localization in structural members, as function of their dynamic properties – the three first natural frequencies are used. Based on 64 numerical examples from damaged (mostly) and undamaged steel channel beams, an ANN-based analytical model is proposed as a highly accurate and efficient damage localization estimator. The proposed model yielded maximum errors of 0.2 and 0.7 % concerning 64 numerical and 3 experimental data points, respectively. Due to the high-quality of results, authors’ next step is the application of similar approaches to entire structures, based on much larger datasets.
“BAHASA PASAMBAHAN” IN MINANGKABAUNESE: Politeness Strategy or Stylistic Language?
Authors: Ardi Havid
Published: November 2018

Minangkabaunese is the main local language originally used by Minangkabaunese people in West-Sumatera, Indonesia; it is one of local languages which belong to Malay language family. The native speakers of Minangkabaunese have been developing their cultural features, properties, and values in such a way that those may influence the forms and uses of the language. One aspect of cultural factors which can be directly seen is the fact that Minangkabaunese has the cultural-traditional style which is called in this paper as “bahasa pasambahan” (hence shortly called BP). The BP of Minangkabaunese is the stylistic forms and uses which are mostly influenced by the cultural-artistic forms and values developed by Minangkabaunese people. Consequently, BP sounds “more artistic” and more stylistic than formal and daily used styles. This paper, which is further derived and developed from a part of research result conducted in 2013 ‘Hibah Kompetensi’ (Jufrizal et.al., 2013), discusses the phenomena of BP whether it is the language style as a politeness strategy or just a stylistic language in Minangkabaunese. The data were collected through a field research and library study and the data were analyzed by means of the related theories of anthropological linguistics. The discussion and explanation on this topic give us opportunity to know and see deeply the interrelationship between language and culture, as a further verification on Sapir-Whorf hypothesis.
Educational Games In Physical Education To Increase Self-Confidence Children With Special
Authors: Harma Rafi , Marheni Eddy , Purnomo Eko
Published: November 2018

This research is based on the problem of trust in children with special needs. Learning development methods are not only in the classroom, can also be done outside the classroom. The purpose of this study is to provide solutions in solving problems of more effective learning planning systems in educational games in the field. This research was conducted on August 3 - September 28, 2018 at the Perwari Padang, Perwari. The focus of the research is on game modification learning that has been conducted at Padang Perwari school. This type of research is qualitative research with the observation method, the education educative game program, and documentation. The main object in this study is students with special needs in Padang Perwari. The results of research on good social interaction, the emergence of cooperation in completing a game, and the growth of confidence in interacting with friends in completing physical activities.
Desain Geometri Sel PV
Authors: Zainul Rahadian , Prima Berkah
Published: November 2018

Buku Geometri Sel PV ini dapat digunakan oleh Mahasiswa dan Peneliti yang tertarik dalam pengembangan Fotoreaktor Fotovoltaik cahaya ruang. Dalam buku ini terdapat dasar pembuatan desain secara geometri, dan berbagai desain sederhana serta perhitungan luas kontak interaksinya dengan cahaya. Buku ini hanya membahas bagaimana suatu konstruksi reaktor dibuat dan disusun secara geometri. Buku ini berisi dari berbagai sisi pengembangan rekayasa. Pada Buku ini, lebih banyak penekanan pada Sisi Pengembangan Geometri dan banyak melibatkan perhitungan matematika. Pada beberapa Bab, keterlibatan Matematika Kimia sangat terasa dan memberikan sumbangsih yang sangat berarti karena berkaitan dengan Desain dan Analisis secara geometri terhadap Reaktor yang dibangun.