bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Socio-vital Institutions of the Cossack Everyday Life: Categorical and Conceptual Analysis
Authors: Skorik Alexander , Shcherbakova Lidia
Published: September 2023

Numerous scientific and popular works have been written about the Russian Cossacks, and in modern Russia, interest in Cossacks as a subject of scientific analysis is growing. Presidential Decree No. 505 of August 9, 2020, approved the "Strategy of State Policy of the Russian Federation in relation to the Russian Cossacks for 2021-2030", that emphasises "promoting the scientific study of the history of the Russian Cossacks, countering the falsification of pages of Russian history related to the Russian Cossacks". To ensure the scientific study of the history of the Russian Cossacks, it is important to understand the system of key categories and concepts that reflect Cossack everyday life. The development of a scientific toolkit to achieve this goal requires interdisciplinary research, including turning to historical sociology and sociology of culture, conceptualising the socio-vital institutions of the Russian Cossacks, revealing the features of Cossack everyday life.

Vitalist sociology, in turn, paradigmatically supports the author's scientific installation and provides an expanded categorical and conceptual analysis of the ethnocultural sphere of the life activities of Cossack communities in a cultural vitalist key. Attention is drawn to the material side of the socio-personal evolution of Cossack communities in the historical everyday life of the Russian Empire from the 18th to the beginning of the 20th century and the preservation, through commemorative practices, of the socio-vital institutions of the Russian Cossacks to the present day.

The basic resource for life support is housing as a product of the creative activity of the Cossacks and a form of their territorial-spatial localisation within Cossack settlements. The cultural vitalist narrative presents traditional Cossack food, considered in a chronotopic key, positioning Cossack communities as a social group with rational consumption and at the same time external self-presentation.

Historically, Cossacks have had predominant relationships with such an important resource for life support as clothing, and here we encounter profound symbolic interactionism in the self-interpretation of the Cossack costume. In other words, three key categories of Cossack everyday life are taken as an example for interdisciplinary analysis: housing, food, and clothing. This article is dedicated to their study by two scientists who have been working fruitfully in the capital of the world and Russian Cossacks, the city of Novocherkassk.
Revival and institutionalization of Cossacks in the south of Russia: stages, peculiarities and current state of affairs
Authors: Vodenko Konstantin
Published: September 2023

The article discusses the basic principles of the state's interaction with representatives of modern Cossack communities and their organisations in the Southern regions of Russia. It takes into account both the cultural potential of the region and the global political challenges facing the state. The article presents arguments in favour of the idea that modern Cossack communities play a significant role in the social life of Southern Russia. It also highlights the positive influence of Cossack communities on regional security and the promotion of high patriotic sentiments among the local population.

The author emphasises that the high cultural potential of the Cossack communities in Southern Russia can be utilised for the institutionalisation of civic patriotism. However, the article also acknowledges the cultural and historical peculiarities of the region, particularly the historical memory of the residents considering themselves direct descendants of pre-revolutionary Cossacks who greatly suffered from the state policy conducted by the Bolsheviks during the Soviet era.

Therefore, the integration of the history of Cossacks in Southern Russia into the national history of the modern Russian Federation remains relevant, especially given the challenges and threats of recent decades. The article highlights that representatives of Cossack organisations actively participate in institutionalising the historical memory of the region's residents.

Attention is drawn to the fact that the Cossacks possess important resources that, in collaboration with the authorities and local self-government bodies, enable them to pursue a policy aimed at ensuring socio-cultural security in Southern Russia. In conclusion, the author suggests that consistent measures should be taken to strengthen socio-cultural security in the Southern regions of Russia, with active involvement and support from Cossack organisations.
Preservation of ethnocultural diversity and fairness in interethnic relations in the estimations of the population of the south of Russia
Authors: Volkov Yuriy , Bineeva Natalia
Published: September 2023

The article examines views on the issue of preserving and reproducing ethnocultural diversity in the context of multicultural regions in Southern Russia, within the framework of the perception of the implementation of the state's national policy in the categories of social justice in interethnic relations. The authors consider this issue within the discourse of public policy and the everyday perception of ethnic groups residing in Southern Russia. The article is based on materials from exploratory sociological research conducted through questionnaire surveys of the population in the regions of Southern Russia, focus groups, and in-depth interviews with experts in the field of implementing the state's national policy (government officials, scholars, researchers, diaspora representatives). The research covered five regions of Southern Russia (Rostov Oblast, Krasnodar Krai, Republic of Kalmykia, Republic of Crimea, Karachay-Cherkess Republic).

The article analyses perceptions of ethnocultural diversity in the context of justice in interethnic relations at the regional level. It also explores the connection between identification and socio-psychological characteristics (subjective assessments of violations of rights based on nationality) and the conviction of ethnic groups regarding the observance of justice while preserving the cultural diversity of their people in the region of residence (culture, language, and the development of ethnocultural infrastructure).

The conducted analysis reveals that issues related to the preservation and development of ethnocultural diversity hold a prominent position in the population's views in the Southern Russian regions regarding the fair regulation of interethnic relations. Points of contention that translate social tension into interethnic tension often revolve around questions of historical memory linked to various forms of ethnic-based deprivation. It is established that the demand for the reproduction of ethnocultural diversity in the regions of Southern Russia is determined by the subjective experience of perceiving violations of rights based on nationality, assessments of justice in managing interethnic relations by the state, and the respondent's type of identity. The core understanding of justice for ethnic groups is linked to sociocultural aspects, and their demand for preserving culture, language, and traditions, regardless of their region of residence, is associated with concerns about their potential loss.
Patriotic discourse in the publications of humanities scientists of the Republic of Dagestan
Authors: Adiev Aslanbek
Published: September 2023

The article presents the results of a review of publications in scientific periodicals on the topic of patriotism, written by authors from the Republic of Dagestan who are specialists in the fields of humanities and social sciences. It is noted that the scientific discourse on patriotism is primarily developed in the republic by social philosophers, educators and sociologists. Most authors of the examined publications understand patriotism as a unifying idea aimed at uniting Russians based on the constitutional principle of equality of all citizens, regardless of their regions of residence, ethnic and religious backgrounds. The issue of patriotism itself is closely linked by the authors to the formation and strengthening of the all-Russian identity. Accordingly, the main problem aspects of the patriotic discourse in Russia, as seen by Dagestani authors, include questions of inclusivity within the modern Russian nation, the ability of the concept of the Russian nation to encompass and embrace the diversity of regional, ethno-cultural, and religious identities of Russians. According to the philosophical authors, the development of patriotic discourse in the public sphere should contribute to the introduction of such fundamental values as humanism, citizenship, statism, social justice, ethnic and religious tolerance, a high standard of living, pride in the country, its history, achievements in various spheres of life, and high culture into the mass consciousness of Russian youth. In the works of Dagestani sociologists, within the framework of the patriotic theme, the subjects of research include patriotic attitudes in the mass consciousness of Dagestan's residents, the relationship between civil, regional, ethnic, and religious identities in the context of the influence of both unifying and divisive factors, including various versions of radical Islamism, regionalism, and ethnic nationalism. Recent thematic publications indicate an increased level of activity by government authorities and the public in Dagestan in the patriotic education of the republic's youth. However, alongside the promotion of patriotism, efforts should also be directed towards improving the quality of life for the country's population.
Pendidikan Mitigasi Bencana Melalui Kampung Literasi pada Masyarakat Pesisir di Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Ningsih Dian Rahayu , Indrianti Deditiani Tri , Fajarwati Linda
Published: September 2023

Disaster mitigation education is education related to a series of efforts to minimize the impact of a disaster. In this case, disaster mitigation education is carried out in the Payangan Coast of Jember. The purpose of this research is to identify the knowledge, attitudes, and skills of the community related to disaster mitigation. Determination of the place in this study using the purposive area method in Sumberejo Village, Ambulu District, Jember Regency, precisely on the Payangan Coast. The technique for determining research informants uses snowball sampling where the sampling technique based on data sources is getting bigger and bigger and data is obtained through a rolling process from one respondent to another. Then for data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation. Test the validity of the data using extended observations, increased persistence, and triangulation. In triangulation the researcher uses all three, namely triangulation of sources, techniques and time so that the data obtained is in accordance with what the researchers expect. In this study, data analysis techniques used data reduction, data display, and data verification. So the results of this study concluded that disaster mitigation education in coastal communities is obtained through the knowledge, attitudes, and skills that exist in coastal communities. In a disaster mitigation, it cannot be separated from a forum that is used to develop knowledge, attitudes, and skills that exist in the community, therefore it is necessary to have a literacy village that is used as a forum for disaster mitigation education.

Keywords: Disaster Mitigation Education, Literacy Village
Pengaruh Motivasi Belajar Terhadap Hasil Belajar Warga Belajar PAKET C PKBM KALIBER
Authors: Fitri Mutiara , Chaerul Andrie , Syahid Ahmad
Published: September 2023

Tujuan adanya penelitian ini yaitu agar memberikan pengetahuan pengaruh motivasi belajar terhadap hasil belajar warga belajar serta untuk memberikan pengetahuan besar pengaruh motivasi belajar terhadap hasil belajar warga belajar PAKET C PKBM KALIBER. Metode pengumpulan data yag digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu kuesioner skala likert dalam variabel motivasi belajar sedangkan untuk variabel hasil belajar menggunakan nilai ujian kesetaraan mata pelajaran Bahasa Inggris sebagai acuan. SUbyek pada penelitian ini berjumlah 71 orang. Mengacu pada hasil penelitian diperoleh koefisien determinasi (Rquare) berjumlah 0,401 dimana menandakan besar pengaruh motivasi belajar (X) terhadap hasil belajar (Y) berjumlah 0,401 ataupun 40,1% dan diketahui sebagain berjumlah 0,5999 ataupun 59,9% dipengaruhi variabel faktor lainnya yang tidak diteliti pada penelitian ini.
Pengorganisasian Masyarakat Melalui Metode Penyuluhan HIV AIDS di Kedungmoro Kunir Lumajang
Authors: Zamroji Muhammad , Sintiawati Nani , Purwowibowo Purwowibowo
Published: September 2023

Pengembangan masyarakat yang ada di Indonesia saat ini cukup signifikan untuk menigkatkan kualitas sumber daya manusia, apabila ditinjau dari kondisi sumberdaya manusia yang ada, masih perlunya upaya pengorganisasian masyarakat melalui strategi yang sesuai. Tujuan dari pengamatan ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan pengorganisasian masyarakat dalam menumbuhkan kesadaran masyarakat di Kabupaten melalui penyuluhan HIV AIDS kepada masyarakat Desa Kedungmoro, Kecamatan Kunir, Kabupaten Lumajang. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif melalui metode deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menggambarkan pemberian penyuluhan kesehatan tentang penyakit HIV dan AIDS dilakukan melalui metode ceramah dan tanya jawab interaktif, sehingga segala pesan atau informasi yang disampaikan dapat diterima dengan baik dan jelas oleh peserta penyuluhan. Penyuluhan kesehatan di Desa Kedungmoro memberikan manfaat untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat dalam durasi waktu singkat dan sesuai teori yang ada. Materi yang disampaikan oleh penyuluh dikemas menarik sehingga menumbuhkan partisipasi masyarakat dalam menerima materi penyuluhan.
Impact of working while studying on university students’ academic performance in Egypt during the COVID-19 pandemic and transition to online learning
Authors: Dine Noha A Alaa El , Kaoud Menatalla
Published: September 2023

In the context of online education, which has been growing as a common approach, this paper examines the impact of working while studying on university students’ academic performance, namely Cumulative GPA (CGPA), as a rising trend in Egypt, especially after the pandemic and the shift into online learning. The research followed an exploratory survey method, namely a quantitative approach, with a sample of 361 students randomly selected using the convenience sampling method from a total of 3326 students, both working and non-working, from years 2 to 4 across the four schools at Nile University – Cairo, Egypt. The study examines a cause-and-effect relationship between working students and their CGPA. Literature points out that with online education becoming a conventional mode, there has been an increase in “working while studying” in Egypt, which requires further investigation. Thus, this paper bridges this empirical gap as the first study of its kind by studying the case of Nile University working students and the effect of working while studying on their academic performance and their ability to strike a work-life balance. The study revealed a slightly negative relationship between working while studying and students’ CGPA compared to non-working, as well as a negative effect on their work-life balance. The findings imply that a new mindset in the pedagogical system is needed, combining new assessment methods and modes of delivery to accommodate the rising trend. The study has its own limitations, focusing on Egypt and specifically Nile University students.
Medical image classification of brain tumor using convolutional neural network algorithm
Authors: Muis Alwas , Sunardi Sunardi , Yudhana Anton
Published: September 2023

Brain tumor is a disease that is very dangerous for humans where this disease really needs faster and more accurate treatment. This disease requires early detection because it requires fast and accurate medical treatment. Machine learning helps solve problems by leveraging deep learning technology in the branch of machine learning. Deep learning is a technology that can detect, classify, and segment various problems in machine learning. One of the methods used in deep learning is the Convolutional Neural Network. This method is most often used in performing image processing where this method has various types of feature extraction. The purpose of this study was to test the accuracy of using the Convolutional Neural Network method in classifying brain images. The brain image used in this study is an image scanned by Magnetic Resonance Imaging. The dataset in this study was downloaded from the Kaggle website as many as 7023 data consisting of four classes of brain image data, namely glioma, notumor, meningioma, and pituitary classes. The results of this study obtained an accuracy value of 84% so that this research can be used by medical personnel to diagnose brain tumors easily, quickly, precisely, and accurately.
Mapping a Contested Space: Northeast India Through the Ages
Authors: Biswas Debajyoti
Published: September 2023

Northeast India, home to diverse ethnic communities, has often been described as the cauldron of ethnic violence and insurgencies. The ongoing crisis in Manipur (in the form of a fratricidal war between the Meiteis and Kukis) and the State’s failure to contain it calls for deeper scrutiny of the geopolitics of the region. Whereas the region was once a crossroad that facilitated the movement of these ethnic groups, its transformation into a frontier area during colonial times and as a borderland after India’s partition turned it into a contested space. Further, with the introduction of colonial modernity, the old socio-cultural and economic structures have radically altered the relationship among the communities giving space to necropolitics. In this context, by referring to Rituparna Bhattacharyya’s edited volume Northeast India through the Ages: A Transdisciplinary Perspective on Prehistory, History, and Oral History and other research works, this commentary maps the transformation of the territory into a necrospace. In doing so, this study argues that while much of the complications had been foisted due to the colonial map-making process and immigration, an ethnic resurgence had further facilitated the growth of necropolitics in the region. Additionally, the study will focus on the representations of socio-cultural history and politics by relating those to the multifaceted aspect of necropolitics and its entangled colonial history.
An Eminent Academician Dr Bhaben Ch Kalita (24 June 1954 to 13 July 2023): A Tribute
Authors: Borthakur Palme
Published: September 2023

This necrology focuses on the geographical contributions of Dr Bhaben Chandra Kalita, an eminent teacher and geographer from North East India, to mark tribute on his untimely demise on 13 July 2023.
Fault Recovery Methods for a Converged System Comprised of Power Grids, Transportation Networks and Information Networks
Authors: Zhang Geng , Liu Chenxu , Jiang Hao , Wang Jiye
Published: September 2023

Recently, the triple-network convergence system (TNCS) has emerged from the deep integration of the power grid, transportation network, and information network. Fault recovery research in the TNCS is important since this system's complexity and interactivity can expand the faults scale and increase faults impact. Currently, fault recovery focuses primarily on single power grids and cyber-physical systems, but there are certain shortcomings, such as ignoring uncertainties including generator start-up failures and the occurrence of new faults during recovery, energy supply-demand imbalances leading to system security issues and communication delay caused by network attacks. In this study, we propose a recovery method based on the improved TD3 algorithm, factoring in shortcomings of the existing research. Specifically, we establish a TNCS model to analyze interaction mechanisms and design a state matrix to represent the uncertainty changes in the TNCS, a negative reward to reflect the impact of unit start-up failures, a special reward to reflect the impact of communication delay and an improved Actor network update mechanism. Experimental results show that our method obtains the optimal recovery decisions, maximizes restoration benefit in power grid failure scenarios and demonstrates a strong resilience against communication delay caused by DoS attacks.
Machinery Prognostics and High-Dimensional Data Feature Extraction Based on A Transformer Self-Attention Transfer Network
Authors: Sun Shilong , Peng Tengyi , Huang Haodong
Published: September 2023

Machinery degradation assessment can offer meaningful prognosis and health management in-formation. Although numerous machine prediction models based on artificial intelligence have emerged in recent years, they still face a series of challenges: (1) Many models continue to rely on manual feature extraction. (2) Deep learning models still struggle with long sequence prediction tasks. (3) Health indicators are inefficient for remaining useful life (RUL) prediction with cross-operational environments when dealing with high-dimensional datasets as inputs. This research proposes a health indicator construction methodology based on a transformer self-attention transfer network (TSTN). This methodology can directly deal with the high-dimensional raw dataset and keep all the information without missing when the signals are taken as the input of the diagnosis and prognosis model. First, we design an encoder with a long-term and short-term self-attention mechanism to capture crucial time-varying information from a high-dimensional dataset. Second, we propose an estimator that can map the embedding from the encoder output to the estimated degradation trends. Then, we present a domain dis-criminator to extract invariant features from different machine operating conditions. The case studies with the FEMTO-ST bearing dataset and the Monte Carlo method for RUL prediction during the degradation process are conducted. The experiment results fully exhibited the signif-icant advantages of the proposed method compared to other state-of-the-art techniques.
Pilocarpine-Induced Status Epilepticus in the Rat Hippocampus is Associated with Reactive Glia and Concomitant Increased Expression of CD31, PDGFRβ and Collagen IV in Endothelial Cells and Pericytes of the Blood Brain Barrier
Authors: Kyriatzis Grigorios , Bernard Anne , Bôle Angélique , Khrestchatisky Michel , Ferhat Lotfi
Published: September 2023

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is associated with reorganization of neuronal networks, gliosis, neuroinflammation, loss of integrity of the blood brain barrier (BBB) in the hippocampus in humans and animal models. More than 30% of epilepsies remain intractable and characterization of the molecular mechanisms involved in BBB dysfunction is essential to the identification of new therapeutic strategies. In this work, we induced status epilepticus in rats by injection of the proconvulsant drug pilocarpine that leads to TLE. Using RT-qPCR, double immunohistochemistry and confocal imaging, we studied at different time points of epileptogenesis (latent phase, 3, 7, 14 days; chronic phase, 1 and 3 months) the regulation of reactive glia and vascular markers. In the hippocampus, increased expression of mRNA encoding the glial proteins GFAP and Iba1 confirmed neuroinflammatory status. We report for the first time the concomitant induction in endothelial cells, pericytes and basal membrane of the BBB of specific proteins CD31, PDGFR and ColIV, that peaks at the same time points as inflammation. The altered expression of these proteins occurs early in TLE, during the latent phase, suggesting that they could be associated with early rupture and pathogenicity of the BBB that will contribute to the chronic phase of epilepsy.
A Review of Photocatalytic Water Splitting for Hydrogen Production Using Tandem Solar Cell
Authors: Mohd Amin Nur Ain Atiqah , Mohd Zaid Hayyiratul Fatimah
Published: September 2023

A sustainable, scalable source of energy‐dense chemical fuel is urgently needed to ensure the security of our energy supply for future generations. Solar energy is the only renewable energy source of sufficient scale to replace fossil fuels and meet rising environmental demand. Hydrogen is expected to play a key role as an energy carrier in future energy systems of the world. As fossil fuel supplies become scarcer and environmental concerns increase, hydrogen is likely to become an increasingly important chemical energy carrier and eventually may become the principal chemical energy carrier. When most of the world’s energy sources become non-fossil based, hydrogen and electricity are expected to be the two dominant energy carriers for the provision of end-use services. Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from water by solar energy over semiconductors offers a promising way for clean and renewable production of hydrogen. The TiO2-based materials have received considerable attention in recent years due to their extensive application in photocatalysis for hydrogen evolution. Though TiO2 is the most widely investigated photocatalyst for hydrogen evolution, it still provides low photocatalytic activity due to the wide bandgap that results in photocatalytic activity only under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. Modification of TiO2 photocatalysts with several transition metals has been extensively studied to extend the absorbance capacity of TiO2 into the visible range. The effect of different photocatalytic deposition and reaction parameters also play major roles in enhancing the photostability of photoanode and increasing the hydrogen gas output, respectively.
Incidence, Risk and Clinical Course of New-Onset Diabetes after COVID-19: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies
Authors: Talanki Ananya , Bajaj Neha , Trehan Twinkle , Sathish Thirunavukkarasu
Published: September 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), an infectious disease pandemic, affected millions of people globally, resulting in high morbidity and mortality. Causing further concern, significant proportions of COVID-19 survivors suffer from the lingering health effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the pathogen that causes COVID-19. One of the diseases manifesting as a post-acute sequela of COVID-19 is new-onset diabetes. This systematic review and meta-analysis will perform a comprehensive and systematic literature search to estimate the burden of new-onset diabetes after COVID-19. Specifically, this study will estimate the magnitude of the incidence, risk, and population-attributable fraction of new-onset diabetes. The study will also explore and summarize the data on the natural history or clinical course of the new-onset diabetes cases. Five bibliographic databases, including PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science, will be searched for eligible studies. The World Health Organization COVID-19 Research Database, preprint servers, and conference abstracts will also be searched. Cohort studies of COVID-19 patients of all ages providing data on new cases of diabetes in the post-acute phase of the illness will be included. The comparators to estimate the pooled risk ratio will be those with no diagnosis of COVID-19 or those infected with other respiratory tract infections. The findings of this study will likely inform clinical practice, public health guidelines, and policies for early detection and treatment of new-onset diabetes cases in the long-COVID phase. This protocol has been registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO: No.CRD42020200432).
Assessment of Joinability in Additive Manufactured Interlocking Structure with Experiment and Simulation
Authors: Kwon Se-hun , Lee Hak-Sung , Kim Ye-rim , Kim Eun-ah , Choi Joon Phil , Ha Taeho , Won Soonho , Jeon Jong Bae
Published: September 2023

Additive manufactured interlocking structures often face challenges in achieving suitable joinability due to thermal deformation. This issue becomes particularly interesting when fabricating structures that require high density but not fully connected layers, such as soft-magnetic materials. This study focuses on systematical investigation of the deformation as a function of finger thickness and building direction in model interlocking structure. In the perpendicular direction to the build plate, the distortions of joint part were significantly reduced due to lower thermal stress. In addition, the effect of laser power and scan speed on interlocking structure are systematically discussed. Additionally, through stress and thermal simulations of additive manufacturing process, it was confirmed that the compensated model can enhance the joinability of interlocking structures. These findings contribute to the development of optimal design for additive manufactured parts of soft magnetic materials such as stators in electric motor components, which needs insulations and density.
Phytochemical Screening of Genus Primula Species Growing in Georgia and Study of Their Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Potentials
Authors: Sukhishvili Nino , Franck Thierry , Mouithys-Mickalad Ange , Frédérich Michel , Mulkijanyan Karen , Sandersen Charlotte , Serteyn Didier , Mskhiladze Lasha
Published: September 2023

The goal of this article was to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory like activities of three species from genus Primula L. growing in Georgia: Primula macrocalyx, Primula woronowii and Primula saguramica . First, fractions containing shoot and root parts were air-dried, grinded and extracted by 80% ethanol followed by condensation and freeze-drying. Second, further chromatographic separations were done on Diaion HP-20 with the following solvents: H2O, methanol (50% and 100 %) and ethylacetate 100% to obtain the expected fractions.
The Hidden Dangers of Excess Folate, Uncovering the Molecular Mechanisms
Authors: FARDOUS ALI M , Heydari Ahmad R
Published: September 2023

This review delves into the intricate relationship between folate (Vitamin B9) intake, especially its synthetic form, folic acid, and its implications on health and disease. While folate plays a pivotal role in the one-carbon cycle, essential for DNA synthesis, repair, and methylation, concerns arise from its excessive intake. The literature underscores potential deleterious effects, such as an increased risk of carcinogenesis, disturbances in DNA methylation, and impacts on embryogenesis, pregnancy outcomes, neurodevelopment, and disease risk. Notably, these consequences stretch beyond the immediate effects, potentially influencing future generations through epigenetic reprogramming. We probe into the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects, including accumulation of unmetabolized folic acid, Vitamin B12 dependent mechanisms, altered one carbon metabolism, altered methylation patterns, and interactions with critical receptors and signaling pathways. Furthermore, we emphasize differences in the effects and mechanisms mediated by folic acid compared to natural folate. Given the widespread folic acid supplementation, it is imperative to further research its optimal intake levels, and the molecular pathways impacted by its excessive intake, ensuring the health and well-being of the global population.
A New Species of Hemilauxania Hennig (Lauxaniidae) from the Lower Eocene Oise Amber—The Oldest Record of Schizophora (Diptera)?
Authors: Roháček Jindřich , Hoffeins Christel
Published: September 2023

Hemilauxania parvula sp. nov., a new fossil species of the family Lauxaniidae (Diptera: Acalyptratae), is described and illustrated from Oise amber, France (Eocene, lower Ypresian, ca 53 Ma) and its relationship is discussed. Inasmuch as this first finding of a member of Schizophora in Oise amber probably represents the oldest known record of this group of Diptera, the age of Schizophora, based on the known fossil records, is discussed.
Fastest Moroccan License Plate Recognition Using a Lightweight Modified YOLOv5 Model
Authors: Fadili Abdelhak , El Aroussi Mohamed , Saadane Rachid , Fakhri Youssef
Published: September 2023

The rate of accidents in Morocco is experiencing a significant increase. Automatic license plate detection and recognition (ALPR) is an essential road safety technology. It facilitates applications such as traffic control, law enforcement, and toll collection by allowing for the automated recognition of vehicles on the road. In this study, we incorporated ShuffleNet V2 into the end-to-end YOLOV5 object detection system. The objective was to develop a model capable of identifying Moroccan license plates with an accuracy of 87%. The proposed model is intended to attain a high processing performance of 60 frames per second (FPS) while maintaining a low weight of 1.3 megabytes (MB) and a parameter count of 0.44 million floating point operations (MGFLOP). Our model maintains superior performance and is highly compatible with embedded systems compared to other models utilized in the same context.
Caboxamycin with Antiviral Activity in CVB3-Induced Myocarditis Mouse Model
Authors: Kim Hong-Gi , Hillman Prima F. , Lee You-Jeung , Jeon Ha-Eun , Lim Byung-Kwan , Nam Sang-Jip
Published: September 2023

Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is one of the most common pathogens that cause myocarditis in humans. However, a sufficient therapeutic drug was not developed yet. Caboxamycin, a benzoxazole antibiotic, isolated from the culture broth of the marine strain Streptomyces sp., SC0774, displayed an antiviral effect in the CVB3-infected HeLa cells and CVB3-induced myocarditis mouse model. Caboxamycin significantly inhibited CVB3 VP1 production and cleavage of translation factor eIF4G1 from CVB3-infected HeLa cells at a 100 μg/ml concentration. Moreover, virus RNA amplification was dramatically reduced by caboxamycin treatment in HeLa cells. The caboxamycin cardiac protective effect was observed on the CVB3-mediated myocarditis mice model. The caboxamycin-treated mice survival was significantly increased compared to untreated mice (treated vs untreated, 100 vs 45 %). Heart histologic findings showed that myocardium damage and inflammation were significantly decreased by caboxamycin treatment. Caboxamycin directly inhibited caspase3 activity and cardiac myocytes apoptosis. These results suggested that caboxamycin strongly suppressed cardiac myocyte apoptosis and effectively inhibited the proliferation of CVB3 from in vitro and in vivo conditions. Furthermore, this study proposed that caboxamycin could potentially be applied in developing a new antiviral drug for CVB3-induced myocarditis.
Machine Learning to Forecast the Financial Bubbles in Stock Market: Evidence in Vietnam
Authors: Tran Kim Long , Le Hoang Anh , Lieu Cap Phu , Nguyen Duc Trung
Published: September 2023

Financial bubble prediction has been a significant area of interest in empirical finance, garnering substantial attention in the literature. This study aimed to detect and forecast financial bubbles in the Vietnamese stock market from 2001 to 2021. The PSY procedure, which involves a right-tailed unit root test to identify the existence of financial bubbles, was employed to achieve this goal. Machine learning algorithms were then utilized to predict real-time financial bubble events. The results revealed the presence of financial bubbles in the Vietnamese stock market during 2006-2007 and 2017-2018. Additionally, the empirical evidence supported the superior performance of the Random Forest and Artificial Neural Network algorithms over traditional statistical methods in predicting financial bubbles in the Vietnamese stock market.
Exploring Agricultural Resilience in Volcano-Prone Regions: A Case Study from Mount Merapi, Indonesia
Authors: Rozaki Zuhud , Kamarudin Mohd Fauzi , Aziz Ammar Abdul , Senge Masateru
Published: September 2023

Mount Merapi, one of Indonesia’s most active and dangerous volcanoes, experienced a devastating eruption in 2010, causing numerous fatalities and widespread damage to homes and land, especially in areas vulnerable to the volcano’s activity. Despite the inherent risks, many farmers continue to cultivate the region’s land. This study examines the resilience of farmers in the Mount Merapi area in light of the persistent volcanic activity. Employing a qualitative methodology, including in-depth interviews and field observations, the research reveals that farmers’ resilience is shaped by their individual experiences and the contributions of government, private sector, and community actors. Long-term residence in the area has equipped farmers with the knowledge and confidence required to navigate the risks and hazards associated with the volcano. Farmers prioritize their safety but also focus on safeguarding their livestock and other essential resources, which are integral to their livelihoods. The local community is instrumental in supporting farmers and residents in disaster-prone zones, while external organizations offer additional advantages to farmers’ lives. The study proposes that a collaborative effort among all stakeholders is essential for maintaining farmers’ livelihoods in areas susceptible to volcanic activity.
Effect of Shading Percentage and Potassium Dosages on Growth and Yield of Cutleaf Groundcherry (Physalis angulata L.)
Authors: Yamika Wiwin Sumiya Dwi , Aini Nurul , Waluyo Budi , Kurniawan Agus Prayitno
Published: September 2023

Cutleaf groundcherry is a medicinal herbaceous plant that has not been widely cultivated. Adjustment to the light intensities supported by the fulfillment of essential macro-nutrient underlies the agronomic consideration for cropping system determination. The study aimed to examine the growth and yield of cutleaf groundcherry grown under shade nets of various shading percentages and potassium application at different dosages. A split-plot design was used for this pot experiment repeated three times. The main plot was the shading percentages (0, 25, 50 and 75), while potassium dosages (0, 60, 120 and 180 kg ha-1) were the subplot. The result showed that several growth variables were affected by the interaction between shading percentages and potassium dosage, whereas yield variables were not. Under the high level of shading, leaf number (41% to 50%), leaf area (28% to 50%), and shoot dry weight (70% to 85%) were reduced at all potassium dosages. Potassium dosage at 120 kg ha-1 was required to achieve better growth under full sun or soft shading. Shading at 50% and upper significantly decreased fruit production by 30% lower fruit number, 50% to 80% lower fruit weight, and 15% lower total soluble solids (TSS). In addition, potassium fertilizer at 120 kg K2O ha-1 improved fruit weight but did not affect TSS. It can be concluded that cutleaf groundcherry is able to grow well under high intensity of light and need an adequate supply of potassium to improve growth, yield and fruit quality.
Growth, Yield and Fatty Acid Profile of Winged Bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) Seeds with Shoot Pruning and Additional Fertilizer
Authors: Tustiyani Isna , Melati Maya , Aziz Sandra Arifin , Syukur Muhamad , Faridah Didah Nur
Published: September 2023

Winged bean is a remarkable climbing plant, distinguished by its multiple segments that serve as growth sites for shoot, leaf and flower. Several studies have shown that the plant requires shoot pruning to increase the production of its flower buds, pods and seeds, but this practice can inhibit the generative phase. To overcome this challenge, the application of additional fertilizer is needed to provide the required nutrients. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effects of shoot pruning and additional fertilizer on the growth, yield and bioactive compounds of winged bean seeds. The determination of the proper rates of fertilization was important for plant production and to support sustainable agriculture. The study procedures were carried out at IPB experimental station in Leuwikopo, IPB University, Bogor. A Randomized complete block design (RCBD) was utilized with two factors and three replications, namely leaf pruning (without shoot pruning, 15 cm, and 30 cm from the ground) and additional fertilizer (0, 6.25, 12.5 and 18.5 g NPK 16-16-16 plant-1). The parameters observed included plant height, leaf nutrient, root length, yield, leaf number, as well as protein and fatty acid profile of seeds. The results showed that shoot pruning treatment and additional fertilizer had no interaction effect on plant growth and seed yield. Shoot pruning caused an increase in leaf number, fatty acid and linoleic acid content by 17% to 20%, 10%, and 16% to 19%, respectively, compared to the control. The use of additional fertilizer at a concentration of 6.25 to 12.5 g NPK (16-16-16) plant-1 increased leaf number, nutrients, and seed yield. Based on the findings, the highest seed yield (2.56 tons ha-1) was achieved with the application of additional fertilizer at the rates of 6.25 g NPK (16-16-16) plant-1, but shoot pruning was not required.
Value Chain Analysis of the Broiler Industry in the Southern Sector of Ghana
Authors: Onumah Edward Ebo , Mensah Sarah Naa Okailey , Owusu Prince Addey , Mensah Amos , Otokunor Peter Boamah
Published: September 2023

The livestock subsector especially broiler production plays a significant role in the livelihood and food security in Ghana. Several researchers in developing nations have employed value chain methodologies to investigate the linkages and the interactions of the various actors in the poultry sector. However, none of these studies comprehensively captured each actor’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, as well as the governance structure and profitability of the broiler industry. This paper fills this gap by analyzing the governance structure, value addition, determinants of profitability and prospect of the broiler industry using 290 respondents (180 broiler producers, 65 distributors and 45 retailers) from the Greater Accra, Ashanti and Bono Regions of Ghana. The study adopted the scoring analytical technique, net farm income (NFI), the modified Cobb-Douglas function and the SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats) matrix for the analyses. The results revealed producers as the key governors with the highest value addition and return on investment. Distributors and processors on the other hand form informal cartels to monopolize their activities to increase bargaining power. Whilst credit access, education, business training, age and feed type influenced profitability, the broiler industry is threatened by high importation of frozen chicken, high taxes, lack of capital access and high cost of operation. The study recommends that the government should pursue measures to minimize the cost of operations through input-tax exemptions and reduce the importation of chicken products. Stakeholders should invest in input supply, processing technologies and transportation facilities to boost local production for profit gains.
Assessing N2O Emissions from Tropical Crop Cultivation in Mineral and Peatland Soils: A Review
Authors: Suwardi Suwardi , Darmawan Darmawan , Djajakirana Gunawan , Sumawinata Basuki , Al Viandari Nourma
Published: September 2023

Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from agricultural activities contribute significantly to global warming. Understanding the factors influencing N2O emissions is crucial for developing effective mitigation strategies. This review assesses N2O emissions from various crops cultivated in tropical mineral and peatland soils, providing insights into the impact of land use, fertilization practices and rainfall on N2O fluxes. Field measurements of N2O fluxes were conducted in agricultural fields growing corn, peanuts, and cassava in Bogor Regency, West Java Province, as well as in peatland areas with Acacia plantations and natural primary forests in Bengkalis Regency, Riau Province. The study assesses the total N2O fluxes for each crop and land type, revealing significant variations in N2O emissions among different crops and land uses. Peatland areas exhibit higher emissions compared to mineral soils, emphasizing the need for targeted mitigation measures in these ecosystems. The findings highlight the importance of considering the type and age of land use when evaluating N2O emissions. Land management practices, such as fertilizer use and soil disturbance, emerge as critical factors affecting N2O emissions. Improper fertilizer application and excessive soil disturbance can lead to increased N2O emissions, underscoring the necessity for careful N fertilizer management and conservation tillage techniques.
Potential of Rice-Based Food Processing Industries Along Eastern Plains of River Ganga
Authors: Singh Shyamli
Published: September 2023

The Indo-Gangetic plains are considered to be the most fertile land area within India. It contains alluvium type of soil which is rich in nutrients and have high water retention capacity. According to many agricultural think tanks, including Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the northern belt of Uttar Pradesh (U.P.) and Bihar are the only states having naturally sustainable soil conditions for the cultivation of water-intensive rice crops in India and are also among very few regions of Asia. This paper will be an attempt to propose an integrated system where Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) targets like poverty, well-being, economic growth, innovation and infrastructure, and sustainable communities will be addressed. With the optimum production of rice in the region and with the support of government schemes like the Pradhan Mantri Kisan Sampda Yojana scheme for overall growth and development of food processing units, food processing industries can be established in selected pockets of eastern Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. The food processing industries based on rice processing will produce varied local sweets such as Anarsa, Lakhtho, Thekua, etc., and food products that can get a vital push from the government’s One District One Product (ODOP) scheme. With the help of the Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA), the products can be promoted for international exports as well. Also, it will address the much-known menace of outmigration (4–5 million of workforce per annum) from states and will provide local human capital with income growth and identity. A whole integrated system can be built where linkages from farm to market can be created which will reap farmers: good prices and regular procurement, food industries: good promotion of products plus profits, and local people: economic and social protection. Therefore, by using locally climate suited crop and government supported food parks or industrial system, the holistic aim of 3P’s – people, planet, and profit, will be realized.
Failure Mechanism and Deformation-Based Design of Narrow Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil Walls
Authors: Hung Wen-Yi , Pham Truong-Nhat-Phuong , Boer Susannah
Published: September 2023

In recent years, the working performance of mechanically stabilized earth (MSE) walls has shown their outstanding stability and capacity to accommodate large deformation. The behavior and failure mechanisms of conventional MSE walls have been carefully examined. In cases where space is limited, such as in mountainous regions, in coastal regions, and for road expansion, the conventional MSE wall can be modified by adjusting the length of reinforcement to conform the construction area. For narrow geosynthetic reinforced soil (GRS) wall, the modification and arrangement of reinforcement components, including reinforcement tensile strength, vertical spacing, and aspect ratio, play key roles in the behavior of reinforced earth walls and can also lead to differences in the distribution of lateral earth pressure compared with conventional MSE walls. In this study, a series of geotechnical centrifuge tests are conducted to clarify the failure behaviors, distribution of lateral earth pressure, and deformation progresses of narrow GRS walls. Among the investigated variants, it is verified that improved reinforcement strength leads to a significant decrease in horizontal wall displacement. The relationship among lateral earth pressure, zero-earth-pressure zone, and horizontal displacement can be applied to predict the deformation of a narrow GRS wall.