bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Can the Performance of Psychiatric Patients on the General Aptitude Test Battery be Predicted from the Career Ability Placement Survey?
Authors: Katz Lynda J. , Goldstein Gerald , Geckle Michelle , Eichenmuller Angela
Published: June 2019

The study evaluated the accuracy with which one could estimate General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB) scores on the basis of performance on the Career Ability Placement Survey (CAPS) in a sample of 147 psychiatric patients who had received both procedures. Multiple regression analysis was used in which CAPS scales were used as independent variables and GATB scales as dependent variables. Multiple correlation coefficients (Rs) were found to be statistically significant for all twelve GATB scales. A cross-validation achieved by splitting the sample in half and performing separate multiple regression analyses for each subsample was successful, indicating that the regression coefficients were stable. Stepwise analyses indicated which CAPS scales were the most powerful predictors of the various GATB scales. Analysis of the residual scores indicated that predictive accuracy increased as scores approached average levels. It was also noted that the CAPS predicted more accurately to the GATB paper-and-pencil tests than to the performance tests. It was concluded that the CAPS can predict GA TB scores reasonably accurately, but caution should be exercised when predicting scores of individuals with extremely high or low CAPS scores, or when estimating GATB performance test scores.
Counseling Persons with Industrial Injury: Strategies for Rehabilitation Counselors
Authors: Alston Reginald J.
Published: June 2019

This article discusses the importance of counseling in the rehabilitation of persons with work related injury. Counseling interventions that rehabilitation counselors can use to facilitate the industrially injured person's adjustment to the injury and return to work are described. Special focus is on the adjustment issues of frustration and anger, motivation, and self-concept. Case studies are provided to accentuate the discussions. Implications for rehabilitation practice and research are presented.
Preparing Rehabilitation Counselors to Deal with Ethical Dilemmas
Authors: Wilson Carolyn A. , Rubin Stanford E. , Millard Richard P.
Published: June 2019

Teaching rehabilitation counselors a systematic approach for resolving ethical dilemmas is one purpose of ethics education in rehabilitation. The influence of ethical principles on rehabilitation counseling as a profession and upon case management decision making is examined in this article. Codes of ethics are assessed as guides for resolving ethical conflicts. Finally, an in-service training program for teaching critical analytical ethical decision making skills is described.
Rehabilitation Counselor Selections of Service Options for Persons with Learning Disabilities
Authors: Satcher Jamie , Dooley-Dickey Katherine
Published: June 2019

The study Investigated how general caseload carrying rehabilitation counselors and counselor supervisors would rate the appropriateness of selected service categories when presented with a description of a client as learning disabled. The study also investigated whether subject gender, years of experience as a rehabilitation counselor or counselor supervisor, degree type, participation in inservice training about persons with learning disabilities, previous experience with persons with learning disabilities, or whether the subject had a learning disability would affect selection of service categories. It was found that vocational training and on-the-job training were significantly different from work adjustment training and direct job placement. Of all the variables, only years of experience was significantly related to the selection of a particular service category. These findings appear to support vocational training and on-the-job training as more often selected by rehabilitation specialists as appropriate for clients with learning disabilities.
Rehabilitation Counselor Education Programs' Response to Cultural Pluralism
Authors: Dodd John M. , Nelson J. Ron , Ostwald Steven W. , Fischer Jerome
Published: June 2019

The United States is becoming increasingly pluralistic, which necessitates concern about provision of culturally relevant rehabilitation counseling. A survey was conducted to determine whether and how cultural pluralism is addressed In rehabilitation counselor education programs. Most programs address cultural pluralism, although a variety of different courses and course infusion are employed. The need for rehabilitation counselor education programs to address cultural pluralism is discussed.
Acceptance of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 By Persons Preparing to Enter the Business Field
Authors: Satcher Jamie , Hendren Glen R.
Published: June 2019

Attitudes toward persons with disabilities, gender, race, contact with persons who have disabilities, size of anticipated occupational setting, anticipated type of business occupation, and subject disability were investigated as possible predictors of personnel management students' acceptance of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA). The students were found to be relatively accepting of the ADA, however, only one of the predictor variables, attitudes, was shown to account for acceptance of this legislation. Implications of these findings are discussed and recommendations are provided for rehabilitation professionals.
A Systems Perspective on Sexuality and Alcohol Abuse: Considerations for Treatment Providers
Authors: Johnson Kurt L. , Gray Robin F. , Ososkie Joseph N.
Published: June 2019

Individuals who abuse alcohol and other drugs may be stereotyped by rehabilitation professionals and family members with reference to their sexuality. This stereotyping can be similar to those attributions made about individuals with various other types of disabling conditions. Sexuality and the impact of substance abuse on sexuality issues and treatment for individuals who abuse alcohol, and their families, are examined. Professional are advised to examine their own attitudes toward sexuality and alcohol abuse, and the PLISSIT model is proposed as a way professionals can identify a level of sexuality intervention consistent with their expertise.
Attitudes Toward Persons with Disabilities Expressed by Professional Counselors
Authors: Huitt Kathy , Elston Randal R.
Published: June 2019

In this study the authors attempted to determine differences in attitudes expressed toward persons with disabilities among rehabilitation, school, and mental health counselors in the Commonwealth of Kentucky. The results indicate that no significant differences exist among the three counselor groups. However, the attitudes expressed were positive and above average when compared to other normative data.
Private Sector Rehabilitation and The Americans with Disabilities Act
Authors: Benshoff John J. , Souheaver Harold G.
Published: June 2019

The Americans with Disabilities Act guarantees basic rights for individuals with disabilities and simultaneously will force private sector counselors to develop expanded skills in client advocacy, business and client consultation, and education.
Defining Rehabilitation from a Systems Perspective: Critical Implications
Authors: Chubon Robert A.
Published: June 2019

The concepts underlying rehabilitation efforts have gradually evolved over many years and became crystallized into a coherent process following World War II. The evolution Is reflected in the various definitions or descriptions that have been used to describe the process. However, the idealized definitions do not adequately fit the role that rehabilitation has come to fulfill. From a more encompassing systems perspective, rehabilitation efforts are serving to mediate conflicts arising between the various system constituents. There appears to be considerable fallout from the failure to accept the systems-based mediational role as a major component of rehabilitation practice, education and research, ranging from professional ethical conflicts to burnout.
Housing Discrimination: Apartment Rentals to People Who are Blind or Mentally Retarded
Authors: May Deborah C. , Dobush Kenneth E. , Endres Eliza K. , Getto Dale A. , Paterson Scott K. , Zipkin Dianne S. , Kundert Deborah K.
Published: June 2019

A telephone survey examined the attitudes of landlords towards renting apartments to a person with a disability. Callers contacted 50 landlords about renting an apartment to a person with mental retardation and 50 landlords about renting to a person who was blind. Twenty-four percent would not rent to a person who was mentally retarded, and 16% would not rent to a person who was blind. While the proportion of landlords discriminating against potential tenants who were mentally retarded was not significantly different than those discriminating against potential tenants who were blind, it appears that there is a need for continued education to permit acceptance of full integration of people with disabilities into the community.
Job Coaching for Persons with Traumatic Brain Injuries Employed in Professional and Technical Occupations
Authors: Brantner Cheryl L.
Published: June 2019

Employment barriers exist for the Traumatic Brain Injury population due to the complexity of the various cognitive and behavioral issues associated with brain injury. Common cognitive concerns include learning and memory, attention and concentration, executive functioning and lack of awareness of these deficits (Prigatano, 1986). These difficulties are particularly significant for persons in professional and technical occupations, where higher level cognitive skills are necessary for job performance. Various areas of consideration in these positions include planning, organizing, prioritizing, and adapting to daily changes of job responsibilities. Individual job coaching in conjunction with an interdisciplinary team has proven to be the most effective approach in returning these individuals to employment. The job coaching model and process will be discussed through a case presentation and several examples.
The Use of Humor in Counseling as a Social Skill for Clients Who are Disabled
Authors: Marini Irmo
Published: June 2019

The role of humor in the counseling process is a topic seldom discussed in rehabilitation. Due primarily to media portrayals and medical model influences regarding disability, humor generally plays no part in a topic usually described as tragic. This paper reviews the literature on humor use In counseling, and provides counselors with some basic guidelines for its implementation. Concomitantly, previous studies investigating social interaction patterns between disabled and non-disabled persons are discussed in an effort to emphasize what works in increasing the desirability to interact with disabled persons. Humor is viewed as a social skill which can improve upon a disabled person's existing repertoire of skills, and function to place a non-disabled person at ease during an interaction.
Employers' Concerns About the ADA: Implications and Opportunities for Rehabilitation Counselors
Authors: Gilbride Dennis D. , Stensrud Robert , Connolly Morgan
Published: June 2019

A survey of employers' concerns related to the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) (PL 101-336) was conducted. Telephone interviews were conducted with 80 human resources directors in the four Midwestern states of Rehabilitation Services Administration (RSA) region VII (Iowa, Missouri, Kansas, and Nebraska). This survey found that employers were primarily concernep with the issues of: job restructuring, accommodations, and establishing a good person-job fit. They were least concerned with the impact of the ADA on affirmative action planning and on labor relations. The implications of these findings are discussed.
Disability and Feminism: Models for Counselor Exploration of Personal Values and Beliefs
Authors: Fowler Carol , O'Rourke Barbara , Wadsworth John , Harper Dennis
Published: June 2019

The double stigmatization of women with disabilities often results in disability overshadowing issues of gender. Feminist approaches to defining women's issues which are based on the sociopolitical model and the concept of power can be useful in assisting professionals examine their own attitudes and beliefs. This process of self-exploration is necessary to ensure that gender bias does not negatively impact women with disabilities. The purpose of this paper is to stimulate self-exploration through the presentation of alternative philosophies which expand role options and expectations for persons with disabilities.
Transplantations: Implications of the Renal Transplantation Process for Rehabilitation Counselors
Authors: Houser Rick , Konstam Varda
Published: June 2019

Renal transplantation is one of the most common forms of transplantation performed today. The rehabilitation counselor may provide an important role in the rehabilitation of persons that have gone through renal transplantation. For example, the rehabilitation counselor can provide information on the effects of experiencing a chronic illness and provide information on the changes in the family as a result of the chronic illness. However, if the rehabilitation counselor is to be helpful to renal transplant patients they must be knowledgeable about the renal transplantation process. In this article we address the renal transplantation process including: the medical aspects, functional limitations, psychological implications and finally vocational implications as they relate to the rehabilitation counselor.
Self Blame Attributions for Disability and Perceived Client Involvement in the Vocational Rehabilitation Process
Authors: Bordieri James E.
Published: June 2019

The effects of expressed attributions regarding personal blame for a disability on perceived client involvement in the rehabilitation process were explored. Rehabilitation graduate students reviewed the vocational evaluation report and resume of a client. The client's disability and attribution of responsibility for its cause were systematically manipulated in the evaluation report. Attributions presented by clients were found to influence their perceived participation in their rehabilitation programs.
Availability of Commonly Used Accommodations and Services for Persons with Mobility and Visual Problems at Tribal Colleges
Authors: Dodd John M. , Rose Patricia M. , Kober Timothy J.
Published: June 2019

Contact persons at the 26 colleges which are members of the American Indian Higher Education Consortium were identified and sent surveys regarding availability of selected commonly used accommodations for persons with mobility and visual problems on their campuses. Twenty-five contact persons (96%) returned the surveys, and the results were tallied and reported. The majority of campuses were reported to be accessible to students with physical disabilities with libraries accessible to students in wheelchairs. Most of the tribally controlled colleges had student service staff available to refer students to vocational rehabilitation. Some accessibility and services were available at all the colleges. The results support consideration of tribal colleges for inclusion in the Individual Written Rehabilitation Plan for American Indian persons with disabilities.
Factors Related to the Successful Vocational Rehabilitation of Substance Abusers
Authors: Schwab A. James , DiNitto Diana M.
Published: June 2019

This study compared vocational rehabilitation clients with substance abuse disabilities to clients with other disabilities, and it compared successfully and unsuccessfully rehabilitated substance abuse clients in order to identify factors which might further promote successful outcomes. Comparisons suggest that substance abusers may have greater obstacles to employment, such as more criminal involvement. Substance abusers received slightly more services, were nearly as likely to be successfully rehabilitated, were less costly to rehabilitate, and received services for shorter periods than other clients. The personal characteristics of the successfully and unsuccessfully rehabilitated substance abusers were nearly identical, but the successful ones were more costly to serve and received more services, particularly (1) diagnostic and evaluation services and (2) education and training services. While the substance abuse literature indicates that clients' personal characteristics (marital and psychiatric status, etc.) are strong predictors of positive client outcomes, regardless of the treatment received, this vocational rehabilitation study suggests the importance of services. Unlike client characteristics which are relatively fixed, service characteristics can be manipulated to produce better outcomes.
Client Self-Report: Assessment of Accuracy
Authors: Vander Kolk Charles J.
Published: June 2019

Rehabilitation professionals frequently must evaluate the accuracy and truthfulness of a client's self-report. Inaccurate self-report may cause problems with rehabilitation planning and provision of appropriate services. A conceptual and practical approach to assessment of exaggeration. malingering, and conversion disorder is presented. Included are the stages of evaluation, summary of a model to assess client credibility, and methods for determination of malingering and conversion disorder. Suggestions are offered for counseling the client whose self-report is not accurate.
Validation of Rehabilitation Counseling Accreditation and Certification Knowledge Areas: Methodology and Initial Results
Authors: Szymanski Edna Mora , Linkowski Donald C. , Leahy Michael J. , Diamond Esther E. , Thoreson Richard W.
Published: June 2019

The purposes of this article are (a) to describe the methodology of an ongoing study to validate and update the knowledge for rehabilitation counseling accreditation and certification, and (b) to describe initial results of one facet of the study. The ongoing study uses descriptive, ex post facto, and times-series designs and uses three sampling frames, which are related to the certification and accreditation processes. Participants in the facet of the study reported herein were 1,025 counselors who renewed their certification in 1991. Validity of the knowledge standards of rehabilitation counselor certification and accreditation was supported by the finding that 52 of the 55 knowledge standards were rated as at least moderately important to professional practice.
Reported Preparedness of Certified Counselors in Rehabilitation Counseling Knowledge Areas
Authors: Szymanski Edna Mora , Leahy Michael J. , Linkowski Donald C.
Published: June 2019

The purposes of this study were (a) to investigate perceived preparedness, and (b) to assess differences in perceived preparedness across respondent characteristics. A sample of 1,535 rehabilitation counselors who renewed their certification between March 1991 and October 1992 reported that they were at least moderately prepared in the following areas that constituted the majority of rehabilitation counseling knowledge: vocational services; foundations of rehabilitation; case management and services; group andfamily counseling; medical and psychosocial aspects; workers' compensation, employer services, and technology; individual counseling and development; social, cultural, and environmental issues; research; and assessment. Significant (p < .001) differences in perceived preparedness on at least one subscale were found for preservice education level. gender, job setting, job title, and years of experience. Respondents with master's degrees from accredited programs reported significantly higher perceived preparedness in six subscales than did respondents with unrelated degrees. Results generally seemed to support the efficacy of both accreditation and certification as well as the importance of pre service education requirements for employment in rehabilitation counseling.
Rehabilitation Counseling: A Scholarly Model for the Generic Profession of Counseling
Authors: Remley Theodore P.
Published: June 2019

The generic profession of counseling is emerging as a separate and distinct mental health profession. Rehabilitation counseling is providing a scholarly model that could be adopted by professional counselors to establish a knowledge base for the generic counseling profession. But before exploring this idea further, I think the articles in this issue demand that the relationship between professional counseling and rehabilitation counseling be discussed.
Evolutionary Processes in Rehabilitation Counseling Credentialing: some of the Emperors Did Not Always Like Their New Clothes
Authors: Emener William G.
Published: June 2019

It never ceases to amaze me to see how many times in life we have mIxed emotwns about things! For example, when Drs. Szymanski and Leahy invited me to prepare this Comment I immediately felt flattered, respected, and highly honored.
Human Sexuafity and Disability: A Holistic Interpretation for Rehabilitation Counseling
Authors: Burling Kris , Tarvydas Vilia M. , Maki Dennis R.
Published: June 2019

Sexuality is a multidimensional component of human function which can enhance or distract from the quality of life for all persons. Rehabilitation counselors should incorporate sexuality into a holistic approach to their work with persons with disability. A functional discussion of sexuality as one such critical dimension is presented. MAPS provides a conceptual model which can be integrated within the PLISSIT approach to guide counselors in their assessment and counseling activities. Such a holistic approach purports to enhance the total rehabilitation process and ultimately the quality of life for those persons receiving services.
A Personal Essay on Sexuality and Integration: Opportunity and Challenge
Authors: Webster Susan Kidd
Published: June 2019

Community integration is providing the opportunity for individuals with developmental disabilities to have more normal and positive sexual lives. Yet many still find themselves with limited opportunity to develop intimate relationships. Attitudes and interventions by support persons and services providers can either help facilitate relationships or create barriers to them. Integration often involves learning new rules or norms related to socializing. So that individuals can meet these challenges, there is a need to develop new ways of guiding and responding to the individual's sociaVsexual development.
Metaphor, Shame, and People with Disabilities
Authors: Kaplan Steven P.
Published: June 2019

Metaphors describe, explicate, inform, encourage understanding. Metaphor, defined as a substitution based on perceived similarity, is a potent, ubiquitous communication device with affective implications; it can also deconstruct meaning and perception, and encourage stigma and shame. The power of metaphoric thinking and shame-based affect is often acutely experienced by people with disabilities. In this paper, I discuss shame, metaphor use, and coping with disability employing Wright's (1960, 1983) framework of adjustment to illuminate the argument that people with disabilities are vulnerable to psychological harm through being shamed and devalued by the misuse of metaphor.
Limited Understanding of Section 504 and Its Applications to Higher Education
Authors: Rhoads Melissa , Slate John R. , Steger Helen S.
Published: June 2019

Investigation offaculty and administrators' (n = 194) knowledge of Section 504 indicated limited familiarity and misunderstandings that could deny students with disabilities the right to access to higher education.
Students' Familiarity With and Attitudes Toward the Rights of Students Who are Disabled
Authors: Pitman James A. , Slate John R.
Published: June 2019

Investigated undergraduate and graduate college students' familiarity with Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 and student's attitudes concerning disabled students and their rights. Analysis of variance procedures indicated that students lacked knowledge regarding rights of disabled students. Differences existed by sex and academic status in knowledge of Section 504 and attitudes towards individuals with disabilities. Implications are discussed.
Counseling the Forgotten Neighbor: Implications in the Rehabilitation of Migrant and Seasonal Farmworkers
Authors: Swensen J. Gordon
Published: June 2019

Migrant and Seasonal Farmworkers with disabilities are compared to static neighbors, forgotten by a society close in proximity environmentally, but distant socioculturally. The article addresses effective cross-cultural counseling variables. Concepts such as migration, cultural disadvantages, Hispanic traits that demonstrate ethnicity, and barriers that impede the disabled worker are discussed. The process of rehabilitation and “cultural sensitivity” in counseling are examined from referral and eligibility, to plan formulation and closure. The effective counselor-client relationship facilitates service delivery and overcomes barriers that divide the cultures. Education of rehabilitation counselors working with Hispanic populations, and competencies relevant in dealing with the population becomes the final section described. The competencies postulated make rehabilitation of the Migrant and Seasonal Farmworker an effective, and results-oriented reality.
Drug Efficacy in the Treatment of Wernicke and Korsakoff Syndromes: A Review for Rehabilitation Professionals
Authors: Ferrin James M.
Published: June 2019

Historical developments and rates of incidences of Wernicke-Korsakoff (W-K) Syndromes are reviewed. Examination of suspected causes to include metabolic and biochemical abnormalities follows. Salient characteristics of the Syndromes are examined. Differentiation from dementia is included. Reviews drug efficacy of thiamine replacement and drug enhancement of memory in W-K patients, to include Fluvoxamine, Methylphenidate and Clonidine. Presented are the arguments for enriching alcoholic beverages with thiamine.
User-Friendly Design Concept and Americans with Disabilities Act: Implications for the Architectural and Rehabilitation Communities
Authors: Spitznagel Ronald J. , Saxon John P.
Published: June 2019

Survey forms were sent to the 113 architecture programs listed in the Guide to Architecture Schools in North America to determine the amount of focus on user-friendly design in their curricula. Eighty-four percent of the programs surveyed completed the form. The results indicate that only eight percent of the programs offer a specific course on the topic of user-friendly design, whereas, forty-five percent offer a course in which user-friendly design is covered as a sub-topic. Implications of the results for the architectural community and the rehabilitation community in relation to the Americans with Disabilities Act are presented.
Nontraditional Support in Supported Employment: Preliminary Results for Individuals with Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Ellerd David , Moore Stephen C. , Speer Debra , Lackey Rorie K.
Published: June 2019

Fifteen individuals who had experienced a traumatic brain injury were provided supported employment services. As mandated by Title VI, part C of the 1986 Reauthorization of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, before funds were committed to provide these services, the provision of long-term, ongoing support was identified. Eight of these individuals utilized nontraditional forms of ongoing supports. Individuals using these nontraditional supports include five who used personal contracts (vouchers), two used private rehabilitation agencies, and one used a PASS. Six individuals used traditional (assigned) agencies for the services, and one person was in the process of being reverified for vocational rehabilitation services. Those individuals who used nontraditional forms of ongoing supports were more successful at retaining their employment than those who used the traditional, not-for-profit agencies that had been designated to provide extended services without consumer input.
NRCA Certification Maintenance Knowledge Acquisition Areas
Authors: Joiner James G.
Published: June 2019

This study provides a review of NRCA's role in the establishment of the certification and certification maintenance processes for Certified Rehabilitation Counselors. It analyzed data over a two-year period to determine the knowledge and skill areas prevalent in NRCA members' acquisition of certification maintenance credits. It also revealed the utility of NRCA's assistance in the various states.
Marketing and Recruiting for Rehabilitation Education Programs: A Successful Model
Authors: Brodwin Martin G. , Carlos Roman , Orange Leo M. , Myers Warren
Published: June 2019

This article describes a successful model for marketing and recruiting within a Bachelor of Science degree program in rehabilitation services and a Master of Science degree program in rehabilitation counseling. The strategy was developed and instituted by a faculty member and several undergraduate and graduate students within the rehabilitation education programs at California State University, Los Angeles. Results indicated a significant increase in the enrollment within both the Bachelor of Science degree program in rehabilitation services and the Master of Science degree program in rehabilitation counseling.
On Identifying Head Injury Family Types
Authors: Kosciulek John F.
Published: June 2019

Results of an investigation designed to identify family types among a sample of families who have a member with a head injury are presented. Participants were 150 primary caregivers of persons with head injuries recruited through the Wisconsin Brain Trauma Association. Cluster analysis of Family Assessment Device (FAD) data revealed the following family types: (a) un patterned, (b) fragile, (c) pliant, (d) regenerative, and (e) vulnerable. These head injury family types add to our understanding of the impact of head injury on families and provide the basis for examining why some families are better able to manage ihe demands of head injury than others.
Participatory Action Needs Assessment: A Unified Approach to Needs Assessment within the State/Federal VR System
Authors: Houser Rick , Anderson Daniel , Wang Jerry
Published: June 2019

A unified approach to conducting needs assessment by the state VR programs is suggested. The key to this unified approach is active participation by relevant stakeholders throughout the entire needs assessment process. Relevant stakeholders include: people with disabilities, rehabilitation counselors, employers, and personnel from agencies providing vocational rehabilitation services. Participation of relevant stakeholders in the entire needs assessment process would involve them in planning and developing survey instruments, actual implementation of the needs assessment, analysis and interpretation, and development of recommendations based upon the results.
The Paradox of Empowerment
Authors: Chubon Robert A.
Published: June 2019

Notably absent in discussions of credentialing and related issues has been the need for obtaining feedback from recipients of rehabilitation counseling services. The implications of this omissionfor the future of the rehabilitation counseling profession are discussed.
Emerging Roles of the Vocational Rehabilitation Counselor with Regard to the ADA
Authors: Boone Rosalie S. , Wolfe Pamela S.
Published: June 2019

Vocational rehabilitation counselors (VRCs), by virtue of their professional responsibilities to facilitate the employment of individuals with disabilities, represent a logical resource for promoting knowledge of and compliance with the ADA in the employment arena. The purpose of the current study was to collect information that would be useful to VRCs in developing and implementing ADA advocacy, information dissemination, and training activities in the employment community. Seventy employers and employees from businesses representing major areas covered by the ADA were interviewed. The following research questions were explored: 1. What is the current level of knowledge about the ADA within the business community? 2. What preferences do business personnel have for learning more about the ADA and its implementation? Results indicated that nearly half of the respondents had not heard about the ADA and that business personnel had a variety of preferences regarding the provision of ADA information. The findings are discussed with regard to their implications for vocational rehabilitation counselors.
Promoting Reasonable Accommodations: An Essential Postemployment Service
Authors: Roessler Richard T. , Rumrill Phillip D.
Published: June 2019

Research on job retention of people with disabilities documents the need for more intensive postemployment services. These services should enable people to reduce or remove barriers that thwart achievement of two critical predictors of job retention, namely job satisfaction and satisfactoriness. Consistent with provisions in Title I of the ADA, three steps are required if employees with disabilities are to increase their job retention potential. They must (a) identify barriers and accommodation strategies, (b) initiate requests for accommodations, and (c) implement accommodations with the cooperation of their employers.
Patterns of Referral to Accredited Rehabilitation Providers and Outcomes of Service
Authors: Kenny Dianna T.
Published: June 2019

Using data supplied by the WorkCover Authority of New South Wales, Australia which were contained in claims data bases for workers' compensation claimants within the health, manufacturing and retail industries who had made claims between 1.7.91 and 31.12.92, and in case closure records for workers within this study population who had been referred to accredited rehabilitation providers, this study examined referral patterns to accredited rehabilitation providers in the Newcastle/Hunter regions of New South Wales, and outcomes of service. The results indicated that there were referral biases in the types of workers' compensation clients referred to rehabilitation providers and a further bias in the patterns of referral to individual providers. It was argued that this two tier referral bias may impact upon outcomes of rehabilitation provider service and studies which examine the efficacy of rehabilitation in reducing time lost and in return to work outcomes will need to take account of these factors.
Opposing Viewpoints: A Sampler for Rehabilitation Counselors
Authors: Gaglio Joseph S. , Joiner James G. , Spitznagel Ronald J.
Published: June 2019

Considerations of client problems and solutions counter to mainstream professional literature are not likely to be introduced in the training curricula of rehabilitation counselors. Counselors, therefore, may lack the knowledge of such viewpoints and be disadvantaged in many counseling situations. This article presents opposing viewpoints regarding the areas of alcoholism, learning disability, Bio-psychiatry, and psychological diagnosis. It suggests that these and other opposing viewpoints should be part of initial training and continuing considerations for all counselors. Suggestions for further reading are offered.
Assistive Technology for People with Visual Impairments
Authors: O'Korn Danielle W. D. , Wheaton Joe E.
Published: June 2019

The Technology-Related Assistance Act for Individuals with Disabilities Act of 1988 states that for some individuals with disabilities, assistive technology is a necessity that enables them to engage in or perform many tasks. An important contribution computers have made to enhancing the lives of individuals who have visual impairments is that they have made printed text accessible to these individuals. Specific computer-related technologies for persons with visual impairments and blindness are presented, including speech synthesis, Braille output devices, optical character recognition, and magnification.
The Re-Employment of the Sexual Addict/Offender Program: An Evaluation
Authors: Fischer Jerry , Williams Karren , Byington Karen , Lonsdale Mary
Published: June 2019

Thirty-five counselors participated in one of three workshops using the Re-Employment for the Sexual Addict/Offender Program. The workshops were designed to increase counselors' understanding of re-employment strategies for the sexual addict/offender. Although a majority of the participants reported little or no experience with this population, their self-report scores showed a consistent positive change from pre- to post-assessments.
Prestige of Rehabilitation Counseling Programs: A Comparison of Peer Evaluations and Scholarly Publications
Authors: Bandes Roberta King , Marme Michelle , Schiro-Geist Chrisann , Donlon Jon Griffin
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the prestige of master's level training programs in rehabilitation counseling as assessed by directors of these programs throughout the United States. Two types of indicators were employed in this investigation. Subjective peer evaluations required respondents to choose the five Council on Rehabilitation Education (CORE) accredited programs that they considered to be “most prestigious.” Then, respondents were asked to rate each of the five programs selected according to specific scales of program quality. The results were tabulated and compared to an objective indicator. Publication records were considered to indicate program and/or faculty visibility and achievement in research areas. Seventy-seven of the respondents were from programs accredited by CORE and fourteen were from programs that were institutional members of the National Council on Rehabilitation Education (NCRE) and not CORE accredited at the time of response. The findings of this study provide information from which universities, faculty, students, prospective students and funding sources may assess the standing of a particular program within the rehabilitation education community. This inquiry represents the first of its kind in the field of rehabilitation counseling.
Chronic Renal Failure: The Impact of Improved Medical Treatment Options on Rehabilitation
Authors: Lynch Ruth Torkelson , Gallagher-Lepak Susan
Published: June 2019

The life quality potential and functional outcome status of individuals with chronic renal failure has been and will continue to be influenced by improved medical treatment options. Rehabilitation counselors are strongly urged to keep their knowledge up-to-date regarding developments in healthcare and technology in order to readjust their perspectives regarding rehabilitation possibilities. The progression of chronic renal failure is described followed by an update on current medical treatment options. Functional implications are presented with an emphasis on how specific treatment methods impact functional outcomes. Rehabilitation counseling practice guidelines are provided for assessment, counseling, and job placement.
The Relationship of Self-esteem to Levels of Job Satisfaction of Vocational Rehabilitation Professionals
Authors: Garske Gregory G.
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this relationship study was to examine the levels of self-esteem and job satisfaction of vocational rehabilitation professionals and to determine if a relationship exists between these variables. A specific focus was on Herzberg's motivation/hygiene factors. As a group, the respondents demonstrated high levels of self-esteem. While respondents reported a high degree of overall career satisfaction, they reported much lower satisfaction levels with hygiene factors. Perhaps more significantly, respondents reported lower levels of satisfaction with two of the motivation factors. Significant correlations were found between self-esteem and overall career satisfaction in addition to three of the motivation/hygiene factors. Based on the findings of this study, readers are requested to remain mindful of the self-esteem and job related needs of those who serve people with disabilities.
The Use of Active Learning Strategies in Teaching Rehabilitation Counselors Clinical Skills
Authors: Trolley Barbara C.
Published: June 2019

Important to the clinical training of rehabilitation counselors is the development of communication skills and the opportunity to process therapeutic experiences. Of equal value is the provision of concrete clinical tools to these counselors, and the chance for them to practice their skills and integrate what they've learned into their own internal frame of reference. Activities and tasks, based on active learning principles, facilitate critical thinking and expose these students to a variety of clinical topics. This holistic approach to teaching rehabilitation counselors clinical skills can aid in making them more competitive in this time of managed care, short term therapy, and services based on insurance reimbursement.
Cross-Examination of Expert Witnesses: What to Expect From the Opposing Counsel
Authors: Davis Alan , Yazak Dan , Kelling Gilbert
Published: June 2019

As increasing numbers of rehabilitation counselors and educators are asked to participate as witnesses in litigation, their conduct as witnesses during trials becomes an important area of concern. While direct testimony provides the witness with an opportunity to give familiar information, cross-examination shifts the emphasis to one often viewed as adversarial and intimidating. A review of some of the techniques and methods often utilized by cross-examiners is presented in this paper. Particular emphasis is placed on the role and functions of an expert witness during the cross-examination process.
Carving a Role for Rehabilitation Counselors in the Schools in the 1990s
Authors: Trolley Barbara C.
Published: June 2019

Rehabilitation counselors, by virtue of their training, are ideal professionals to render services in the school systems. The large number of students at risk, including but extending beyond those with disabilities, also argues for the inclusion of these professionals in school settings. Yet rehabilitation counselors remain underemployed in the academic realm. In this article, a defense of the position of rehabilitation counselors in schools is posed, the type of services they may offer in a school setting is described, and a potential training program to enhance their effectiveness in the schools is proposed.
Disability Support Services in Higher Education: An Extension of the Rehabilitation Process
Authors: Carroll Annemarie , Johnson Bown Claudia E.
Published: June 2019

In recent years, the number of students in higher education who are requesting services, from university offices of Disability Support Services (DSS) has increased dramatically, While surveys suggest that the majority of DSS offices are providing academic support services to their students with disabilities, these services, while necessary, are not sufficient to address the needs of these students in a holistic fashion. This article will discuss ways in which the philosophy of rehabilitation counseling can be utilized to assist the DSS office in providing more comprehensive services, with the goal of increasing the students' functioning to the highest level possible in all areas of their lives. Through adherence to this philosophy, the DSS office can become an effective extension of the rehabilitation process to students with disabilities.
Cognitive Coping Strategies and Coping Modes in Relation to Chronic Pain Disability
Authors: Lenhart R. Scott , Ashby Jeffrey S.
Published: June 2019

This study was an exploratory assessment of the influence that both situation-specific (cognitive coping strategies) and general cognitive coping strategies (cognitive coping modes) exert on measures of disability among persons with chronic pain. A demographics sheet and three assessment instruments, the Coping Strategies Questionnaire, the Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire, and the West Haven-Yale Multidimensional Pain Inventory were distributed to 103 individuals with chronic pain. After controlling for two demographic variables, compensation status and age, results suggested that one of the situation-specific cognitive strategies, helplessness, was associated with both measures of disability: interference due to pain and self control. One of the general strategies, avoidance, was associated with both measures of disability. A second general strategy, acceptance/resignation, was associated with perceived self-control. Implications for rehabilitation counselors are discussed.
Psychosocial Factors and Hospital Readmission Status of Older Persons with Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Middleton Renée A. , Byrd E. Keith
Published: June 2019

One hundred twenty-one (121) patients 55 years and older, having cardiovascular disease, were followed for 90 days to identify factors that might be used as predictors for hospital readmission. An initial step was to determine which health status or psychosocial measures would best discriminate between two readmission groups (readmission vs. no readmission). Four factors were univariately significant: physical health, personal adjustment, happiness, and number of secondary disorders. At the end of the specified follow-up period, 71 persons (58.7%) had experienced at least one unplanned readmission. Specifically, persons reporting a positive affect about their present circumstances, and enhanced optimism about their future, were less likely to be readmitted. Further, patients who were readmitted reported worse physical health before their readmission and had a greater number of secondary disorders. It is recommended that these factors be used in a multiple discriminant predictive model in future studies to detect their potential for predicting hospital readmission. If identification of at risk characteristics for repeated admissions among predictable high cost groups can be achieved, these data can supply rehabilitation professionals with the necessary information needed for the design of comprehensive and intensive cost-effective interventions in cardiac rehabilitation. Clinical applications for the rehabilitation counselor are discussed with respect to intervention considerations and the community reintegration of the older person from the hospital to their home and other independent living settings.
Challenges Faced by Rehabilitation Counselors Working with Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse in a “One Size Fits All” Treatment Tradition
Authors: Koch D. Shane , Rubin Stanford E.
Published: June 2019

Rehabilitation counselors provide services to persons with alcohol and other drug abuse problems (AODA) as both primary and secondary disabilities. This article discusses challenges faced by rehabilitation counselors who must make effective case management decisions for persons with AODA disabilities while interacting with a historically “one size fits all” substance abuse treatment tradition. Specific challenges addressed include incompatibility of cultural values and gender considerations with substance abuse program treatment orientation, appropriate utilization of Alcoholics Anonymous and subtle coercion in the treatment environment.
Client Rating of Counselor Effectiveness: A Call for Caution
Authors: Jones W. Paul , Markos Patricia A.
Published: June 2019

This study examined the relationship between client presession level of distress and client rating of the effectiveness of individual counseling sessions. Results of this investigation suggest a need for caution when interpreting client ratings of the effectiveness of counseling services. Preexisting client conditions may significantly influence the client ratings, independent of the effectiveness of the counselor.
Integrating Employment Assessment in Substance Abuse Treatment for Women
Authors: Chima Felix O.
Published: June 2019

This paper discusses trends in women's substance abuse and its effects, including assessment of employment needs, and the development of treatment modalities. It also highlights the importance of employment or work needs and discusses the integration of these needs as a framework for assessing substance abuse treatment for women. The hierarchy of needs approach is provided as the conceptual framework.