bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Coloured dissolved organic matter in aquatic ecosystems of three representative regions of the Arctic according to the data obtained in year 2019
Authors: Pashovkina Anastasiia , Fedorova Irina
Published: April 2020

In this study the laboratory analysis of water samples from three representative regions of the Arctic for content of coloured dissolved organic matter (CDOM) – the important component of natural waters, which has a direct impact on state of aquatic ecosystems, was made. Samples were collected from water objects from the Kola Peninsula, the Yamal Peninsula and the Lena River Delta. The results of the analysis made it possible to determine CDOM concentrations in water. According to the average values, the highest values were obtained for the Yamal Peninsula and lowest – for the Kola Peninsula. The predominance of allochthonous CDOM in the water objects from all three regions was revealed. Moreover, the complete absence of photodegradation processes was determined. For the lakes and rivers from the Kola Peninsula it was also possible to follow seasonal dynamic of CDOM concentration in water and to compare it with earlier obtained data concerning seasonal CDOM dynamic in the Lena River Delta. Results are actual due to the currently existing tendency of climate change which leads to intensification of thermal denudation and thermal erosion processes in the cryolithozone, which are consequently increasing income of allochthonous CDOM in water objects.
Problems of water utilization in different climatic conditions (on the example of Belarus)
Authors: Lopuch Piotr , Hledko Yulia , Hao Wang
Published: April 2020

The article substantiates the necessity for current adjustment of the hydrological districting of the territory of the Republic of Belarus following the transformation of the conditions for the formation of surface flow and the obsolescence of hydrological data on flow monitoring, the emergence of a new climatic factor in the formation of the hydrological regime of rivers.
Human impact on organic matter distribution in the Moskva River
Authors: Sokolov Dmitriy , Erina Oxana , Tereshina Maria , Chalov Sergey
Published: April 2020

In 2019, we conducted an integrated study on the Moskva River and its tributaries during the low summer season with a focus on organic matter content (OM) assessment in river waters. The maximum OM content was measured at the river headwaters and related to natural sources. The Mozhaysk Reservoir regulation in the summer had the effect of increased organic load below the dam due to a rise in the allochthonous labile OM. Upstream from the Moscow City, the OM content was relatively low, despite wastewater inflow from several densely populated areas and polluted river inflow. Within the city, organic matter concentration increased by a factor of 1.5 due to an inflow from the Volga River via the Moskva-Volga Canal, whereas the release of treated sewage from the Moscow City wastewater treatment facilities did not have a significant effect. Below the city, the OM content increased again by a factor of 1.5 due to the inflow of urban and industrial wastewater and polluted tributaries. The observations in the lower reaches of the Moskva River indicate a high degree of anthropogenic euthrophication.
The analysis of the channel deformations in the lower pool of the Votkinsk reservoir
Authors: Dvinskikh Svetlana , Klimenko Dmitriy , Larchenko Olga , Minkin Konstantin
Published: April 2020

The sand and gravel mix is mined at the Votkinsk reservoir. This leads to horizontal and vertical channel deformations. To study them, we examined the Golyanovsk section of the sand and gravel mix (SAGM) field in the lower pool of the reservoir. We used the channel surveys made in 2012-2016, 2018 and 2019 as the source of cartographic materials. The lower pool section of the Votkinsk hydroelectric complex, within which the Golyanovsk SAGM field is located, is characterized by a fully regulated effluent and an unsteady hydrological regime. Therefore, the hydrological regime of the considered area is particularly complex and depends on the water consumption in the alignment of the Votkinsk hydroelectric station and the level of the Nizhnekamsk reservoir. The average long-term water discharge for the navigation period is 2200 m3/s, the average long-term minimum monthly discharge rate is 1800 m3/s. The field survey of the area was carried out during the low water period in accordance. This period was characterized by minimum levels at around 64.79-65.24 m BS. The water discharge varied between 1720-1780 m3/s. With this flow, the Kama River is characterized by fairly low flow speed: no more than 1.29 m/s on the rod and 0.2-0.5 m/s on the riverbank shallows. The channel deposits are represented by pebble-gravel soils of various sizes. Throughout 2001-2019 an increase in the particle size has occurred. This is due to the change of the channel-forming process from accumulation to erosion. Horizontal deformations are represented by the reformation of the riverbanks, vertical – by accumulation and erosion of bottom. Drawdown levels are the result of natural deformations of the channel. According to the monitoring data, the duration of the “drawdown – growth” cycle is 2-3 years. The duration of the “drawdown – growth” cycle is 2-3 years.
Lattice-Boltzmann simulation of free nematic-isotropic interfaces
Authors: Coelho Rodrigo C.V. , Araújo Nuno A. M. , Telo da Gama Margarida M.
Published: April 2020

We use a hybrid method of lattice Boltzmann and finite differences to simulate flat and curved interfaces between the nematic and isotropic phases of a liquid crystal described by the Landau-de Gennes theory. For the flat in¬terface, we measure the interfacial velocity at different temperatures around the coexistence. We show that the interface is completely static at the coexistence temperature and that the profile width is in line with the theoretical predictions. The interface is stable in a range of temperatures around coexistence and dis¬appears when one of the two phases becomes mechanically unstable. We stabi¬lize circular nematic domains by a shift in temperature, related to the Laplace pressure, and estimate the spurious velocities of these lattice Boltzmann simu¬lations.
Brown trout in Japan − introduction history, distribution and genetic structure
Authors: Berrebi Patrick , Marić Saša , Snoj Aleš , Hasegawa Koh
Published: April 2020

Brown troutSalmo truttaL. lives mainly in European rivers and is also bred in hatcheries for fishery purposes. Since the end of 19th century it has been introduced in all other continents. For the present survey most of the known self-sustaining brown trout river populations in Japan have been sampled and analyzed through sequences of the entire mitochondrial DNA control region and twelve microsatellites. In Japan, brown trout are genetically not homogeneous, probably as a consequence of several introductions, one in the Azusa river and at least one other in the remaining territory. The Chuzenji hatchery houses a genetically very distinct strain, probably due to intense manipulation in isolated scientific experimentations over 30 years. Finally, most populations showed high genetic diversity (Mamachi, Kane and Odori streams, Lake Chuzenji) with the exception of the Azusa river samples. This molecular analysis clearly demonstrates a European north Atlantic origin arrived in two distinct ways.
Monitoring spatiotemporal variability of water quality parameters Using Landsat imagery in Choghakhor International Wetland during the last 32 years
Authors: Pirali Zefrehei Ahmad Reza , Hedayati Aliakbar , Pourmanafi Saeid , Kashkooli Omid Beyraghdar , Ghorbani Rasoul
Published: April 2020

Use of Landsat is of importance in monitoring and assessment of long-term changes of water quality in freshwater ecosystems, especially in small water bodies. In this study, over a 32-year period (1985–2017), the changes in water surface temperature (WST), secchi disk transparency (SDT), and chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration were estimated at the Choghakhor wetland using Landsat imagery. Based on WST three detectable temperature zones can be observed within the wetland aquatic environment where the highest amount was observed in thermal strips. The results showed Chl-a concentration volatility in different periods in the wetland as well as its long-term increasing trend. The western part of the wetland, as compared to other areas, was affected by these changes, which could be due to the human activity concentrated in this area. In contrast (SDT) showed a decreasing trend during this period that was consistent with the observed changes in Chl-a concentration. This could be due to an increase in organic matter load and suspended solids in the water body of wetland during this time. Comparison of the extracted satellite data with the field data showed the least RMSE and high R2. Also, ANOVA results showed significant spatio-temporal differences between the studied parameters in Choghakhor wetland (p < 0.05). The present study can help to detect long-term changes in Choghakhor wetland and help toward moving to optimal management and protection of this wetland.
Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) from the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil
Authors: da Silva Brito Maiara Tábatha , Diniz Leidiane Pereira , Pozzobom Ully M. , Landeiro Victor Lemes , Sousa Francisco Diogo R.
Published: April 2020

Studies on Cladocera biodiversity in Brazilian freshwater ecosystems are intensifying. However, the fauna of some hydrographic regions is still poorly known. We investigated the richness and species composition of cladocerans in lakes of the Pantanal from the state of Mato Grosso (Paraguay hydrographic region), Brazil. In addition, we cataloged the known cladoceran species in each hydrographic region of the state. Occurrence data were obtained from the literature and samples collected from 50 lakes in the northern Pantanal. We recorded 120 cladoceran species from eight families in the state of Mato Grosso. The occurrence of these species was recorded in the Amazon and Paraguay hydrographic regions. We are unaware of studies on cladocerans conducted in the Tocantins-Araguaia hydrographic region. We reported 17 new records in the Pantanal samples (Paraguay hydrographic region). Overall, richness estimates reveal that 72.6% of the state's cladoceran fauna is already known, while for the Paraguay hydrographic region this estimate is 72.2%. In general, the cladocerans from the Amazon and Paraguay regions did not differ. Our findings allow us to infer the need for further studies in the different hydrographic regions found in Mato Grosso in order to improve the knowledge of cladoceran biodiversity. We suggest a greater sampling effort, particularly in the littoral zone of aquatic ecosystems in this state, which can harbor great biodiversity.
Slender metal web stability analysis: Impact of initial imperfection on the mode of buckling
Authors: Psotný Martin
Published: April 2020

The post buckling of a rectangular slender web in compression has been analyzed. Shapes of a buckling area obtained from the nonlinear analysis have been compared with buckling modes from the linearized problem for various aspect ratios. Effects of initial shape imperfections upon the analysis have been investigated using nonlinear approach. To trace the complete nonlinear equilibrium curves, specialized code based on FEM was created. The Newton-Raphson iteration algorithm was used, load versus displacement control was changed during the process of calculation. Obtained results were verified using Ansys system, in this case arc-length method was activated for overcoming critical points.
Experimental investigation of the seismic effects during blasting works
Authors: Papán Daniel , Papánová Zuzana
Published: April 2020

The interested part of dynamic analysis is the blasting work effects propagation through soil. This type of the dynamic load can be significant when the soil structure dynamic interaction hasn´t favourable conditions. It can cause structural failures on buildings. The main aim of the paper is to investigate how we can estimate the magnitudes of the seismic waves during blasting works. The results are based on experimental studies.
Dynamic simulation of composite layered plates reinforced by unidirectional fibers subjected low velocity impact
Authors: Žmindák Milan , Novák Pavol , Soukup Josef , Kaco Michal
Published: April 2020

In the recent years a big focus is subjected to the response of structures subjected to out-of-plane loading such as blasts, impact, etc. not only to homogenous materials, but also to heterogeneous materials, such as composites. In the present study, low-velocity impact response of composite laminates was studied using ANSYS Workbench finite element code (FEM). The material of composite structure is orthotropic material reinforced by carbon fibers and have been taken from the Workbench material database. Plate consists of layers which are reinforced with unidirectional fibers in hexagonal and square array. Layer is considered as homogeneous transversely isotropic and layer stacking sequence is symmetrical or unsymmetrical.
Dynamic and static tests of the safety foil for windows for composite glass interaction
Authors: Papán Daniel , Papánová Zuzana , Figuli Lucia
Published: April 2020

The standard windows can be enhanced with safety foil. This types of foils are usually used for car windows. The paper shows how can the composite system created from glass plate and safety foil improve the mechanical resistance. The main task is to determinate affecting parameters for the impact or dynamic resistance. The various methods are showed in the paper. All results are based on the experimental investigation and load tests.
Lid-driven cavity flow using dual reciprocity
Authors: Mužík Juraj , Bulko Roman
Published: April 2020

The paper presents the use of the multi-domain dual reciprocity method of fundamental solutions (MD-MFSDR) for the analysis of the laminar viscous flow problem described by Navier-Stokes equations. A homogeneous part of the solution is solved using the method of fundamental solutions with the 2D Stokes fundamental solution Stokeslet. The dual reciprocity approach has been chosen because it is ideal for the treatment of the non-homogeneous and nonlinear terms of Navier-Stokes equations. The presented DR-MFS approach to the solution of the 2D flow problem is demonstrated on a standard benchmark problem - lid-driven cavity.
Distribution of the external pressure coefficients on the elliptic tower: experimental measurement compared with numerical modelling
Authors: Franek Michal , Macák Marek , Hubová Oľga
Published: April 2020

The wind flow around the elliptical object was investigated experimentally in the BLWT wind tunnel in Bratislava and subsequently solved by computer wind flow simulation. On a high-rise building model, the external wind pressure coefficients were evaluated for different wind directions and then compared with the numerical CFD simulation in ANSYS, where different models of turbulence and mesh types were used. The aim of the article was to evaluate and compare the obtained values and after analysing the results to choose the most suitable model of turbulence and mesh types, which showed the smallest deviations from the experimental values.
CFD analysis of the ventilation heating system
Authors: Rimár Miroslav , Kulikov Andrii , Fedak Marcel , Abraham Milan
Published: April 2020

Air conditioning is a significant part of the contemporary life. A lot of the medical papers confirmed the influence of the thermal comfort to the operability. The aim of the article is to understand the system of the building ventilation with the HRV unit. For this purpose, the CFD simulation model was elaborated. The ANSYS Fluent allows to calculate the heat balance of the room with secondary thermal gains like computers, monitors and humans. The results of the simulation approved that in the modern thermal passive houses heat balance calculations should take into account secondary thermal gains from the installed equipment. Also the air circulation in the closed area and the influence of the different barriers installed in the laboratory were investigated.
Effect of BaSO4 on the compressive strength and reduction behavior of pellets
Authors: Ju Jiantao , Tang Chenmei , Xing Xiangdong , Ren Shan , Ji Guangheng
Published: April 2020

To provide theoretical basis for the production of pellets, the effect of BaSO4 in the range of 0 to 5.0% on properties of pellets was studied under experimental conditions. The influence mechanism of BaSO4 on the compressive strength of preheated pellets as well as roasted pellets and reduction behavior of roasted pellets was investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS). From the results, it can be observed that the compressive strength of preheated pellets varies slightly whereas roasted pellets has a great change when BaSO4 content increases from 0 to 5%. The compressive strength of roasted pellets initially increases then decreases, which reaches the peak value of 3411 N with BaSO4 content of 1.5%. The reduction degree enhances from 80.7 to 97.9% and FeO content reduces from 2.33 to 1.57% with increasing BaSO4 content from 0 to 5.0%. The degree of polycrystalline of hematite improves and the hole size increases obviously when BaSO4 content varies from 0 to 1.5%. The crystallization of hematite decreases and the holes whose distribution is uneven increases when BaSO4 content is more than 1.5%. In reduction process, the wustite reduces and metallic iron increases with increasing BaSO4 content from 0 to 5.0%.
Influence of ripening index and water regime on the yield and quality of “Moroccan Picholine” virgin olive oil
Authors: El Yamani Mohamed , Sakar El Hassan , Boussakouran Abdelali , Rharrabti Yahia
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this work is to evidence the effects of ripening index and water regime on the quantity and quality indices of “Moroccan Picholine” virgin olive oil (VOO) produced in northern Morocco. Olive trees were subjected to full irrigation and rainfed conditions, and olive fruits were collected at different ripening times. Results showed that the extracted volume of VOO increased during ripening, and decreased when full irrigation was applied. In regard to VOO quality, the statistical analysis revealed the predominant effect of ripening index on the majority of the considered parameters, except total phenols content that was strongly influenced by water regime. At more advanced stages of maturity, lower values of peroxide value, K232, carotenoids, chlorophylls and total phenols were registered while more free fatty acids were accumulated. Moreover, full irrigation reduced total phenols and increased free fatty acids, even if a great amount of pigment content was scored. Correlation studies showed significant relationships between pigments content and oxidation indices (peroxide value and K232).
Guidance on communicating about uncertainties in nuclear emergency management
Authors: Perko T. , Benighaus L. , Tomkiv Y. , Wolf H.V.
Published: April 2020

Within the European project CONFIDENCE, an extensive research programme has been conducted on a range of different tools, including Apps, SMS, numerical, narrative or mixed news messages and videos linked to uncertainty communication following potential nuclear or radiological emergencies. For this purpose, qualitative and quantitative research methods were applied in different European countries. Based on the results of these studies, we have formulated guidelines for efficient and effective communication about uncertainties that can be used in nuclear or radiological emergencies.
Libidostörungen
Authors: Bös Dorothee , Stern Cornelia , Fernkäse Uta , Blume Ralf
Published: April 2020

Vier Experten stellen die Behandlung von Libidostörungen mithilfe der Mykotherapie, Phytotherapie, TCM-Ernährung und Homöopathie vor.
Aphrodites Apotheke
Authors: Houben Martina
Published: April 2020

Libidostörungen können als ein Zuwenig oder ein Zuviel des sexuellen Verlangens auftreten. Die Ursachen sind vielfältig und können psychischer und/oder organischer Natur sein. In vielen Fällen können Heilpflanzen helfen, die Libido entsprechend der Bedürfnisse nach oben oder unten zu regulieren, oft begleitend zu einer kausalen Therapie. Da menschliche Pheromone und pflanzliche Duftstoffe sich in ihrer chemischen Struktur ähneln, wirken auch manche ätherischen Öle anregend oder dämpfend auf das sexuelle Verlangen.
Immunological Aspects of Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism in Patients with Periprosthetic Infection and Osteomyelitis
Authors: Kravchun Pavlo , Korzh Mykola , Dunaeva Inna , Leontieva Frida , Gusakov Igor , Krapivko Svitlana , Dielievska Valentyna
Published: April 2020

Einleitung Die Behandlung von Patienten mit periprothetischer Infektion und Osteomyelitis ist recht kompliziert. Das Ziel dieser Studie war es, den Kohlenhydrat- und Lipidstoffwechsel sowie das immunologische Profil bei Patienten mit periprothetischer Infektion und Osteomyelitis zu untersuchen.

Material und Methoden Eine Studie zum Kohlenhydrat- und Lipidstoffwechsel und zur immunologischen Untersuchung von Patienten mit periprothetischer Infektion nach Knie- und Hüftgelenkendoprothetik (n = 16) und Osteomyelitis (n = 20) wurde durchgeführt.

Ergebnisse Patienten mit einer periprothetischen Infektion neigten zu Anämie, gestörter Glukosetoleranz, einer Veranlagung zu verstärkter Atherogenese, Autoimmun-Granulozytotoxizität und einer Sensibilisierung gegen die Synovialmembran und Staphylococcus aureus. Patienten mit Osteomyelitis zeigten eine Abnahme der Produktion des Leukozyten-Migrationshemmungsfaktors (LIF), sowohl unspezifisch als auch spezifisch gegenüber den Antigenen des Knorpelgewebes sowie eine Sensibilisierung gegenüber Streptokokkus und E. coli. Bei den untersuchten Patienten wurden die Störungen des Glukosestoffwechsels mit dem Vorhandensein von autoimmunen lymphozytotoxischen Antikörpern, einer verminderten Produktion von LIF, sowohl unspezifisch als auch spezifisch gegen die Antigene der Synovialmembran in Verbindung gebracht. Die Atherogenese war mit einer erhöhten Anzahl zirkulierender Immunkomplexe, autoimmunen lymphozytotoxischen und granulozytotoxischen Antikörpern, einem verminderten LIF und einer Sensibilisierung gegenüber Antigenen des Bindegewebes, Streptokokkus und Proteus assoziiert. Eine Anämie war mit einem Anstieg der autoimmunen lymphozytotoxischen Antikörpern, einer verzögerten Sensibilisierung gegen Knochen- und Knorpelgewebe, gegen Staphylokokken und einer beschleunigten Sensibilisierung gegen E. coli und Proteus assoziiert.

Schlussfolgerungen Ärzte sollten bei der Behandlung und Überwachung von Patienten mit Bindegewebesinfektion und einem gestörten Glukose- und Cholesterinstoffwechsel auch immunologische Aspekte analysieren.
Impfen bei Primären Immundefekten, Autoimmunkrankheiten und anderen chronisch entzündlichen Erkrankungen unter immunmodulatorischer Therapie
Authors: Wagner Norbert , Ehl Stephan
Published: April 2020

Infektionen sind eine wesentliche Ursache von Morbidität und Mortalität bei Patienten mit Primären (angeborenen) Immundefekten (PID), Autoimmunkrankheiten und chronisch entzündlichen Erkrankungen unter immunmodulierender Therapie. Ein Schutz durch Impfungen ist daher bei diesen Patienten grundsätzlich wünschenswert. Je nach Art der Immundefizienz bzw. der immunmodulierenden Therapie ist aber die Fähigkeit zum Aufbau eines Impfschutzes unterschiedlich. Darüber hinaus besteht je nach Art des Immundefekts möglicherweise eine Gefährdung durch Lebendimpfungen. Daher sind generelle Empfehlungen für Impfungen dieser Patientengruppe nicht möglich. Es ist notwendig, sich mit der Art des Immundefekts bzw. der immunmodulierenden Therapie genau auseinanderzusetzen, um Nutzen und Risiken im Einzelfall abzuwägen. Die folgenden Empfehlungen sind eine Zusammenfassung der kürzlich im Bundesgesundheitsblatt publizierten STIKO-Empfehlungen „Impfen bei Immundefizienz“1 sowie „Impfen bei Autoimmunkrankheiten, bei anderen chronisch entzündlichen Erkrankungen und unter immunmodulatorischer Therapie“ 2.
Surveillance in inflammatory bowel disease: is chromoendoscopy the only way to go? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Resende Ricardo Hannum , Ribeiro Igor Braga , de Moura Diogo Turiani Hourneaux , Galetti Facundo , Rocha Rodrigo Silva de Paula , Bernardo Wanderley Marques , Sakai Paulo , de Moura Eduardo Guimarães Hourneaux
Published: April 2020

Background and study aims Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) have higher risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Guidelines recommend dysplasia surveillance with dye-spraying chromoendoscopy (DCE). The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to review all randomized clinical trials (RCTs) available and compare the efficacy of different endoscopic methods of surveillance for dysplasia in patients with UC and CD.

Methods Databases searched were Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane and SCIELO/LILACS. It was estimated the risk difference (RD) for dichotomous outcomes (number of patients diagnosed with one or more dysplastic lesions, total number of dysplastic lesions diagnosed and number of dysplastic lesions detected by targeted biopsies) and mean difference for continuous outcomes (procedure time).

Results This study included 17 RCTs totaling 2,457 patients. There was superiority of DCE when compared to standard-definiton white light endoscopy (SD-WLE). When compared with high-definition (HD) WLE, no difference was observed in all outcomes (number of patients with dysplasia (RD 0.06; 95 % CI [–0.01, 0.13])). Comparing other techniques, no difference was observed between DCE and virtual chromoendoscopy (VCE – including narrow-band imaging [NBI], i-SCAN and flexible spectral imaging color enhancement), in all outcomes except procedure time (mean difference, 6.33 min; 95 % CI, 1.29, 11.33). DCE required a significantly longer procedure time compared with WLE (mean difference, 7.81 min; 95 % CI, 2.76, 12.86).

Conclusions We found that dye-spraying chromoendoscopy detected more patients and dysplastic lesions than SD-WLE. Although no difference was observed between DCE and HD-WLE or narrow-band imaging, the main outcomes favored numerically dye-spraying chromoendoscopy, except procedure time. Regarding i-SCAN, FICE and auto-fluorescence imaging, there is still not enough evidence to support or not their recommendation.
Colonoscopy videos on YouTube: Are they a good source of patient education?
Authors: Radadiya Dhruvil , Gonzalez-Estrada Alexei , Lira-Vera Jorge Emilio , Lizarrga-Torres Katia , Mahapatra Shayan Sinha , Murguia-Fuentes Ricardo , Niezen Sebastian , Mohan Kaushik , Reddy Chakradhar , Devani Kalpit
Published: April 2020

Background and study aims Colonoscopy is an effective tool to prevent colorectal cancer. Social media has emerged as a source of medical information for patients.YouTube (a video sharing website) is the most popular video informative source. Therefore, we aimed to assess the educational quality of colonoscopy videos available on YouTube.

Methods We performed a YouTube search using the keyword “colonoscopy” yielded 429 videos, of which 255 met the inclusion criteria. Colonoscopy Data Quality Score (C-DQS) was created to rate the quality of the videos (–10 to +40 points) based on a colonoscopy education video available on the Ameican Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE) website. Each video was scored by six blinded reviewers independently using C-DQS. The Global Quality Score (GQS) was used for score validation. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess the similarity of the scores among reviewers.

Results Professional societies had the highest number of videos (44.3 %). Videos from professional societies (6.94) and media (6.87) had significantly higher mean C-DQS compared to those from alternative medicine providers (1.19), companies (1.16), and patients (2.60) (P < 0.05). Mean C-DQS score of videos from healthcare providers (4.40) was not statistically different than other sources. There was a high degree of agreement among reviewers for the videos from all sources (ICC = 0.934; P < 0.001).

Discussion YouTube videos are a poor source of information on colonoscopy. Professional societies and media are better sources of quality information for patient education on colonoscopy. The medical community may need to engage actively in enriching the quality of educational material available on YouTube.
Lateral duodenal wall perforation due to plastic biliary stent migration: a case series of endoscopic closure
Authors: Bureau Marc-Andre , Gkolfakis Paraskevas , Blero Daniel , Pezzullo Martina , Devière Jacques , Lemmers Arnaud
Published: April 2020

Background and study aims Lateral duodenal wall perforation by a migrated stent is a potential complication of biliary stenting. By systematic database revision, we identified a series of six patients with lateral duodenal wall perforation caused by a displaced plastic biliary stent that were treated with over-the-scope clip (OTSC) between January 1, 2014 and March 31, 2019. In this series, most cases were related to stenting of benign strictures with single or double stenting and with the use of stents longer than 12 cm. OTSC permitted perforation closure in all cases. Most patients had an excellent outcome and did not need any subsequent intervention. However, one patient, who presented with a more severe pneumoretroperitoneum on computed tomography scan, required laparotomy with peritoneal lavage and eventually died due to this complication. We conclude that endoscopic treatment of these perforations with OTSC could be an effective alternative to surgery in selected patients.
First-in-man feasibility study of a novel ingestible magnetically inflated balloon capsule for treatment of obesity
Authors: Kaan Hung Leng , Phan Phuoc Thien , Tiong Anthony Meng Huat , Miyasaka Muneaki , Phee Soo Jay , Ho Khek Yu
Published: April 2020

Intragastric balloons (IGBs) are an established treatment option for obesity. Major barriers to dissemination of IGBs include lack of long-term efficacy outcomes, safety concerns, cost, and tolerability. We developed a novel ingestible magnetically inflated balloon capsule (IMI-BC) in hopes of overcoming these challenges. The IMI-BC is significantly cheaper than IGBs currently available on the market. We performed proof-of-concept animal studies and a first-in-human feasibility study to demonstrate the feasibility of inflating the IMI-BC using an external magnet. Further studies are currently being conducted to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and long-term efficacy of the IMI-BC. When fully developed, we anticipate that this device will benefit obese patients.
Endoscopic full-thickness resection of early colorectal neoplasms using an endoscopic submucosal dissection knife: a retrospective multicenter study
Authors: Guillaumot Marie-Anne , Barret Maximilien , Jacques Jérémie , Legros Romain , Pioche Mathieu , Rivory Jérome , Rahmi Gabriel , Lepilliez Vincent , Chabrun Edouard , Leblanc Sarah , Chaussade Stanislas
Published: April 2020

Background and study aims Endoscopic full-thickness resection allows resection of early gastrointestinal neoplasms not amenable to conventional endoscopic resection techniques, due to their location, presence of submucosal fibrosis, or suspected deep mural invasion. It is typically achieved using a dedicated over-the-scope device (full-thickness resection device or FTRD). The aim of our study was to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and clinical outcomes of endoscopic full-thickness resection using an endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) knife.

Patients and methods Consecutive patients who underwent full-thickness endoscopic resection at six tertiary care centers from August 2010 to June 2017 were retrospectively included. We conducted a comparative analysis of patient characteristics, technical success, adverse events, and time to discharge between patients treated by a full-thickness resection using an ESD knife.

Results Twenty-one procedures were performed using an ESD knife. En-bloc resection and R0 resection rates were 95.2 % and 65 %, respectively. Clinical symptoms of perforation occurred in 66.7 %. There was no need for surgery or additional endoscopic procedures.

Conclusion Endoscopic full-thickness resection of early colorectal neoplasms using an ESD knife might be feasible and safe. It allows complete resection of lesions with no limitation in size. The technique may be preferable to an other-the-scope resection device in lesions larger than 20 mm, and to surgery in selected cases of low-risk T1 colorectal carcinomas, non-lifting adenomas, submucosal tumors, or technically challenging lesion locations.
Prävention: Selbst handeln statt Pillen schlucken!
Authors: Huber Ellis
Published: April 2020

Gesundheitskurse, Bonusprogramme, Vorsorgekuren, Gesundheits-Apps - Krankenkassen bezuschussen nach dem Präventionsgesetz Maßnahmen derGesundheitsförderung
Wald reloaded – Die Neuentdeckung des Waldes aus gesundheitspsychologischer Sicht
Authors: Karim Ahmed A. , Khalil Radwa , Schmitt Marco
Published: April 2020

Gibt es eine Verbindung zwischen Wald und Gesundheit,die man wissenschaftlich nachweisen kann? Woran liegtes, dass sich viele Menschen nach einem Waldbesuch erholt fühlen? Welche Prozesse spielen hierbei im Gehirnund im Körper eine Rolle? In diesem Artikel werden diewichtigsten Erkenntnisse zum Thema Wald und Gesundheit zusammengefasst. Insbesondere werden die psychophysiologischenund neuroendokrinen Effekte vonWaldaufenthalten besprochen und ihre Relevanz für dieTherapie von psychischen und psychosomatischen Störungendiskutiert.
Direct Phosphonylation of N-Carbamate-tetrahydroisoquinoline by Convergent Paired Electrolysis
Authors: Sengmany Stéphane , Martens Thierry , Ollivier Anthony , Rey Marine , Léonel Eric
Published: April 2020

Mild experimental conditions for a direct phosphonylation of an easily cleavable N-carbamate-tetrahydroisoquinoline have been described under constant current electrolysis. The developed electrochemical process allowed to prepare α-aminophosphonates in moderate to good yields. On the basis of the experimental results, a mechanism proceeding through a convergent paired electrochemical process was enabled to be postulated.
Straightforward Three-Component Synthesis of N′,N′′-Disubstituted N-Alkyl-1,3,5-Triazinanes
Authors: Kletskov Alexey V. , Frontera Antonio , Sinelshchikova Anna A. , Grigoriev Mikhail S. , Zaytsev Vladimir P. , Grudova Mariya V. , Bunev Alexander S. , Presnukhina Sofia , Shetnev Anton , Zubkov Fedor I.
Published: April 2020

Efficient approaches towards the synthesis of various N-substituted 1,3,5-triazinanes based on a transformation of N-alkyl-1,5,3-dioxazepanes or on a domino reaction involving condensation of various amines, amides, and paraformaldehyde are described for the first time. Mg(ClO4)2 was shown to be one of the most potent additives for the condensation. The proposed approaches permit the synthesis of a broad spectrum of substituted sym-triazinanes in good yields with relatively easy workup. In the case of the multicomponent reaction, the approach allows the preparation of the target substances from simple and easily accessible reagents. The representatives of the resulting compounds were found to possess no antimicrobial or cytotoxic activity in in vitro bioassays.
Challenges and Best Practices in Ethical Review of Human and Organizational Factors Studies in Health Technology: a Synthesis of Testimonies
Authors: Peute Linda W. , Lichtner Valentina , Baysari Melissa T. , Hägglund Maria , Homco Juell , Jansen-Kosterink Stephanie , Jauregui Ignacio , Kaipio Johanna , Kuziemsky Craig E. , Lehnbom Elin Christina , Leite Francisca , Lesselroth Blake , Luna Daniel , Otero Carlos , Pedersen Rune , Pelayo Sylvia , Santos Raquel , Silva Nuno-André , Tyllinen Mari , Van Velsen Lex , Zheng Wu Yi , Jaspers Monique , Marcilly Romaric
Published: April 2020

Objective: Human and Organizational Factors (HOF) studies in health technology involve human beings and thus require Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval. Yet HOF studies have specific constraints and methods that may not fit standard regulations and IRB practices. Gaining IRB approval may pose difficulties for HOF researchers. This paper aims to provide a first overview of HOF study challenges to get IRB review by exploring differences and best practices across different countries.

Methods: HOF researchers were contacted by email to provide a testimony about their experience with IRB review and approval. Testimonies were thematically analyzed and synthesized to identify and discuss shared themes.

Results: Researchers from seven European countries, Argentina, Canada, Australia, and the United States answered the call. Four themes emerged that indicate shared challenges in legislation, IRB inefficiencies and inconsistencies, general regulation and costs, and lack of HOF study knowledge by IRB members. We propose a model for IRB review of HOF studies based on best practices.

Conclusion: International criteria are needed that define low and high-risk HOF studies, to allow identification of studies that can undergo an expedited (or exempted) process from those that need full IRB review. Enhancing IRB processes in such a way would be beneficial to the conduct of HOF studies. Greater knowledge and promotion of HOF methods and evidence-based HOF study designs may support the evolving discipline. Based on these insights, training and guidance to IRB members may be developed to support them in ensuring that appropriate ethical issues for HOF studies are considered.
Hundred and Eleven Cases of Subfascial Breast Augmentation in Trans Women—A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Chatterjee Sasanka Sekhar , Khanna Manoj
Published: April 2020

Hundred and eleven patients of breast augmentation in trans women operated between January 2004 and September 2019 are presented. Two surgeons conducted the study with a slightly different antibiotic regime. Only round implants were used. Till December 2017, 72 implants used were textured. Thereafter, we switched over smooth silicone gel implants more for reasons of availability than others. It was used in 39 patients. We did not notice any difference in results. Our postoperative regimes consisted of antibiotics (usually amoxicillin + clavulanic acid) for 10 days, restricted shoulder movements for 3 weeks, use of an inner brassiere and outer sports vest for 2 months. Routes of implantation were either periareolar or inframammary, former being selected as per choice of the patient, provided the hemicircumference of the areola was 4.5 cm or more. We never used transaxillary route. The implants were always placed in a subfascial pocket. Routine irrigation of the pocket with 5% povidone iodine was done before insertion of implant. From 3 weeks postoperatively, routine massage of breasts for a period of 6 to 8 weeks were advised. Complications included delayed minor wound healing problems usually in periareolar technique requiring secondary suture under local anesthesia. This was negligible with inframammary technique. Capsular contracture was found in 12 patients. Two of these merited intervention but one of them refused operation. In one patient, implant had to be extracted due to severe suppurative infection resulting from a separate incidence of traumatic injury with hematoma formation 2 weeks post operatively. Poor scarring including one keloid were noticed in 11 patients.
Considerations for Obstetric Care during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Dotters-Katz Sarah K. , Hughes Brenna L.
Published: April 2020

The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a growing pandemic that is impacting daily life across the globe. Though disease is often mild, in high-risk populations, severe disease often leads to intubation, intensive care admission (ICU) admission, and in many cases death. The implications for pregnancy remain largely unknown. Early data suggest that COVID-19 may not pose increased risk in the pregnant population. Vertical transmission has not been confirmed. Because no treatment, no vaccine and no herd immunity exist, social distancing is the best mechanism available to protect patients and health care workers from infection. This review will discuss what is known about the virus as it relates to pregnancy and then consider management considerations based on these data.

Key Points
KP hierarchy and trigonometric Calogero–Moser hierarchy
Authors: Zabrodin A.
Published: April 2020

We consider trigonometric solutions of the Kadomtsev–Petviashvili (KP) hierarchy. It is known that their poles move as particles of the Calogero–Moser model with trigonometric potential. We show that this correspondence can be extended to the level of hierarchies: the evolution of the poles with respect to the kth hierarchical time of the KP hierarchy is governed by a Hamiltonian that is a linear combination of the first k higher Hamiltonians of the trigonometric Calogero–Moser hierarchy.
Maximum entropy principle in recurrence plot analysis on stochastic and chaotic systems
Authors: Prado T. L. , Corso G. , dos Santos Lima G. Z. , Budzinski R. C. , Boaretto B. R. R. , Ferrari F. A. S. , Macau E. E. N. , Lopes S. R.
Published: April 2020

The recurrence analysis of dynamic systems has been studied since Poincaré’s seminal work. Since then, several approaches have been developed to study recurrence properties in nonlinear dynamical systems. In this work, we study the recently developed entropy of recurrence microstates. We propose a new quantifier, the maximum entropy (Smax). The new concept uses the diversity of microstates of the recurrence plot and is able to set automatically the optimum recurrence neighborhood (ϵ—vicinity), turning the analysis free of the vicinity parameter. In addition, ϵ turns out to be a novel quantifier of dynamical properties itself. We apply Smax and the optimum ϵ to deterministic and stochastic systems. The Smax quantifier has a higher correlation with the Lyapunov exponent and, since it is a parameter-free measure, a more useful recurrence quantifier of time series.
Development of a pulsed radio frequency ignited multicusp-free negative hydrogen ion source
Authors: Ghodke Dharmraj V. , Khare R. K. , Kumar Rajnish , Pathak Manish , Jain S. K. , Amban Ajith , MuraliKrishnan K. , Senecha V. K.
Published: April 2020

A multicusp-free external antenna based radio frequency (RF) negative hydrogen (H−) ion source was developed to produce 16 mA of H− ion current at −50 kVDC accelerating voltage operated with a pulse width of 2 ms at 2 Hz repetition rate. A pulsed RF igniter system is devised for generating the initial electron and ion pairs required to generate the main plasma in the pulsed mode. This pulsed RF igniter reliably starts ignition with a hydrogen gas flow rate in the range of 18–50 standard cubic centimeter per minute (SCCM). This system eliminates the need of igniter in continuous operation although it is operated in low power mode. This source operating at a low average power and without any moving parts can be expected to have a superior lifetime. This paper describes the development and operational characteristics of the pulsed RF ignited H− ion source.
Acoustic properties of strained SiGe/Si layers in the sub-terahertz frequency range
Authors: Klokov A. Yu. , Krivobok V. S. , Sharkov A. I. , Tsvetkov V. A. , Martovitskii V. P. , Novikov A. V.
Published: April 2020

This work studies the scattering of coherent acoustical phonons within the frequency range of 30−200 GHz in strained SiGe/Si heterostructures with uniform SiGe layers and layers where the initial stage of self-organized islands formation was observed. Coherent phonon pulses reflected by single SiGe layers were detected, and phonon interference in the systems composed of two thin (approximately 10 nm) SiGe layers was observed. Acoustical properties were determined for single SiGe layers, and lateral acoustical inhomogeneity of the layers was estimated in the subterahertz frequency range. The results show that within the range of germanium content of 10%−32% acoustical properties of an approximately 10-nm SiGe layer are insensitive to internal strains governed by lattice mismatch and non-uniformities caused by initial stage of Stranski–Krastanov growth. The sound velocity and wave impedance of SiGe layers can be determined within 5% error, using the corresponding parameters of relaxed SiGe solid solutions with the same germanium content.
A study of self-magnetic insulated ion beam diode with liquid anode
Authors: Zhao Guangyi , Wang Tengfang , Lu Biao , Zhou Changgen , Zhou Lin , Li Zhenghong
Published: April 2020

An experimental study of the semi-cylindrical self-magnetic insulated diode with No. 25 transformer oil and methyl silicone oil filled into stainless steel metal foam as anode discharging materials is carried out for the first time. The results show that the lifetime of this type of ion beam diode is about 3000 discharges, significantly higher than that of the conventional solid-film ion beam diode, which is about 400 discharges. Meanwhile, the ion beam current density of transformer oil and methyl silicone oil is higher than the polyethylene film, and the maximum ion beam current density of No. 25 transformer oil and methyl silicone oil is 330 A/cm2 and 250 A/cm2, respectively. In addition, the ion beam current density of No. 25 transformer oil and methyl silicone oil is more stable than that of the polyethylene film.
The memorizing capacity of polymers
Authors: Reiter Günter
Published: April 2020

Properties of one and the same polymer can vary greatly with the history of a sample, reflecting its memory of past events. I propose that this remarkable changeability of polymer properties can be related to the immense variability of non-equilibrium conformational states, providing polymers with capacities for responding and adapting to changes in environmental conditions and to external stimuli. By decoding the relations between properties and meta-stable conformational states, we may be able to accomplish polymer products with selectable unique properties. In support of this claim, I first present a few typical examples focusing on changes induced by varying drying, freezing, or crystallization procedures, relevant in many industrial processing strategies for polymeric systems. In these examples, deviations from equilibrium conformations are controlled by a preparation parameter and the annealing/aging time and temperature. Subsequently, I briefly discuss the possibilities for a quantitative description of chain conformations deviating from equilibrium, which allow establishing a link between changes on a molecular level and their macroscopic behavior. A comprehensive and systematic investigation of out-of-equilibrium polymer properties will widen the scope of polymer science and enlarge the range of applications of polymers based on their responsiveness and adaptability derived from their memorizing capacities.
Enhanced magnetocaloric performance in manganite bilayers
Authors: Yuan Ruihao , Lu Ping , Han Hyungkyu , Xue Dezhen , Chen Aiping , Jia Quanxi , Lookman Turab
Published: April 2020

Bilayer films of La0.8Sr0.2MnO3 and La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 with different layer thicknesses and stacking sequences were synthesized via pulsed laser deposition. The magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effects were systematically investigated. We found that the phase transition associated with the layers tends to merge together at an optimal thickness and a stacking sequence. The operating temperature span of the entropy change broadens at the expense of its magnitude, leading to an enhancement of the refrigerant capacity by over 40%. The optimized bilayer film possesses a refrigerant capacity of ∼6.0J/kg, compared to a value of ∼4.2J/kg for the single-phase films. The phase transition broadening induced by epitaxial strain is responsible for the enhanced window of operating temperature as well as refrigerant capacity. The design principle developed here may be applied to ferroelastic and ferroelectric materials to enhance elastocaloric and electrocaloric effects.