bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Financial Distress in Construction Companies with the Altman Method
Authors:   Master of Management Study Program, Mercu Buana University, Sitompul Yuliani Kalsum , Syarif Andam Dewi ,   Master of Management Study Program, Mercu Buana University
Published: June 2023

The Construction sector is one of the most affected by Covid-19, many companies are found to be bankrupt. This study used regression panel data with more than 30 observations. The variables analyzed are current ratio, DAR, ROA and sales growth. The results of the current ratio research have a positive effect with a significant coefficient of 1.292 on financial distrees proxied with the Z-Score, meaning that the higher the liquidity value will be followed by the Z-score value so that financial difficulties are lower (negative). DAR has a positive effect on the value of the coefficient of 1.142 greater than 0.05 so that it is not significant or influential on financial difficulties proxied through the Z-Score, meaning that the size of leverage cannot be used as a reference to assess the financial difficulties experienced by the company. ROA has a positive effect with a coefficient of 5.377 and affects financial difficulties proxied through the Z-Score, meaning that the high profitability value will be followed by a high Z-score value so that financial difficulties will be lower (negative effect). Sales growth has a negative effect with a coefficient of -0.834 has no effect on financial difficulties proxied through the Z-Score, meaning that the size of sales growth cannot be used as a reference to assess the financial difficulties experienced by the company.
Effects of strength training on ankle injuries in soccer players: a systematic review
Authors: Jerez Mayorga Daniel Alejandro , Villaquiran Hurtado Andres Felipe
Published: June 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review was (I) to determine the quality of evidence from studies evaluating the effects of strength training on the incidence of ankle injuries in soccer and (II) to determine the effectiveness of strength training on the incidence of ankle injuries in soccer. Methods: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) statements were considered using keywords associated with ankle injuries, strength training, and soccer. The following four databases were used: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus. The quality of evidence for the articles included in this review was assessed using the PEDro scale. Results: Of the 721 articles retrieved, two were included in this study. The total population included in the review was 132 male participants, including professional soccer players and youth players. Strength training in young soccer players could reduce the risk of injury and improve parameters related to sports performance; however, the two articles included in this review found no statistically significant differences in injury incidence between the proprioceptive training and control groups.  Conclusions: The articles included in this review had a high risk of bias, indicating low quality of evidence. In addition, it was impossible to determine whether strength training effectively reduced ankle injuries in the soccer players.
Keywords: Sports, ankle sprains, athletic injuries, resistance training
Predictive model of the intention to practice physical activity in university students of pedagogy in Anto-fagasta (Chile)
Authors: Luis de Cos Gurutze , Urrutia-Gutierrez Saioa , Retamal-Muñoz Camila , Troncoso-Ulloa Karen , González-Valencia Cynthia
Published: June 2023

The drop in the physical activity between the youth produces concern among the physical activity and health professionals. Several authors present the existing problems of physical inactivity in Latin America, highlighting the decrease in practice as age increases. Different researches have tried to identify variables that could explain this decline. The aim of this study is to establish the relationship between the perceived fitness and some characteristics of present practice and how these ones predict the future physical practice. The sample was composed of 299 students of several careers of Pedagogy belonging to the University of Antofagasta (Chile). Descriptive, correlational and regression analyses were performed using the SPSS statistical program. Among the obtained results, it stands out, on the one hand, the significant interrelationship between the variables which describes the current physical activity, the perceived fitness and the priority physical activity. And on the other, all the variables under study are predictors of physical activity practice in the future. This discovery highlights the importance of strengthening the sports programs from the university that adapt to the needs of university students.
Keywords: physical activity; perceived fitness; university; Latin America.
Quais protocolos de HIIT são mais utilizados em pessoas com síndrome metabólica? uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Teixeira Bruno , Lopes Carlos , Colonna Marcelo , Reis Raman , Moura Veronica , Alkmim Rodolfo , Vale Rodrigo , Casimiro-Lopes Gustavo
Published: June 2023

A síndrome metabólica (SM) é uma condição que afeta grande parte da população mundial, sendo composta por fatores de risco que aumentam a chance de mortalidade por doenças cardiovasculares. O treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade (HIIT) é um tipo de exercício físico utilizado no tratamento dessa condição. Diante disso o objetivo desse estudo é identificar quais são os protocolos de HIIT utilizados para tratar pessoas com SM. Foram incluídos ensaios controlados randomizados que compararam o efeito do HIIT em pessoas com SM, foi realizada uma busca nas bases de dados MEDLINE, Scielo, LILACS, Science Direct, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, SCOPUS, Cochrane e Web of Science. Foram utilizados como descritores as palavras “high intensity interval training” e “metabolic syndrome”. A qualidade metodológica foi verificada utilizando a escala de Jadad e o risco de viés com a ferramenta da colaboração Cochrane. Observamos que apenas um estudo utilizou o sprint interval training de alto volume, dois estudos utilizaram o HIIT de baixo volume e oito estudos utilizaram o HIIT de alto volume. O protocolo de HIIT mais utilizado em pessoas com SM é o HIIT de alto volume, que foi eficiente para o tratamento da SM, observamos também que poucos estudos utilizaram o HIIT de baixo volume, mas também foram eficientes no tratamento da SM. Mais estudos utilizando protocolos de curta duração e baixo volume são necessários para que possamos comparar quais dos protocolos são mais eficientes para o tratamento de pessoas com SM ou se afetam de forma diferente os componentes da SM.
Efeitos do método de pontuação no desempenho físico, técnico e tático durante jogos de futebol reduzido (SSGs): uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Malheiro Maia Junior José Mauro , Gomes de Souza Vale Rodrigo , Braga de Mello Danielli , Alkmim Moreira Nunes Rodolfo , Alonso dos Santos Luciano , Rosa Guilherme
Published: June 2023

O futebol é caracterizado como um esporte de invasão que envolve duas equipes com o objetivo de fazer um gol para vencer. Objetivo: analisar o método de pontuação no desempenho físico, técnico e tático durante jogos de futebol em espaços reduzidos (SSGs). Métodos: Uma revisão sistemática baseada nas recomendações do PRISMA foi realizada em três bases de dados (Medline (Pubmed), Scopus e Web of Science) usando os termos ("pequenos jogos" [Título/Resumo]) AND ("futebol" [Título - lo/Resumo]) OU ("futebol" [Título/Resumo])]) e ("pontuação" [Título/Resumo]). Estudos transversais que analisaram o número de SSGs, posicionamento e tamanho do alvo foram incluídos. Resultados: Inicialmente foram selecionados 825 artigos com base na busca estabelecida. Destes, 120 foram excluídos automaticamente como duplicados e outros 65 foram identificados manualmente como duplicatas adicionais. Na fase de leitura dos títulos e resumos, foram excluídos 618 artigos. Posteriormente, durante a fase de leitura completa, foram excluídos mais 10 artigos. No entanto, 4 artigos da base de dados do Google Acadêmico foram inseridos manualmente devido à sua relevância temática. Como resultado, um total de 12 estudos foram incluídos nesta revisão. Conclusão: o número de gols na zona de pontuação (SZ) em SSGs parece influenciar a carga de treinamento. SSGs com 1 gol e SZ reduzido exigem mais esforço físico em comparação com SSGs com 2 gols (2G) e 3 gols (3G). SSGs com mais objetivos exigem maior desempenho tático. Portanto, os treinadores devem usar diferentes formatos de SSGs, SZ ou estratégias de pontuação, dependendo do objetivo da sessão de treinamento.
Palavras-chave: futebol, esportes coletivos, método de pontuação, treinamento.
Deporte y conciliación en mujeres deportistas de edad adulta: el caso del Valencia Hockey Mamis (Sports and work-life balance among adult sportswomen: the case of Valencia's Hockey Mamis)
Authors: Balibrea Melero Kety , Santos Ortega Antonio
Published: June 2023

Este artículo aborda el análisis de la práctica deportiva de las mujeres en edades adultas (40-55 años) en el marco de los equipos de hockey hierba catalogados federativamente como Hockey-Mamis. El desarrollo de esta modalidad refuerza muy favorablemente la participación deportiva de las mujeres a lo largo del ciclo vital y en particular en estas edades adultas donde los compromisos laborales y familiares son intensos. En el artículo, se pretende analizar cómo las mujeres compaginan estos compromisos con la práctica deportiva. El enfoque metodológico utilizado ha sido el estudio de caso a través de la observación directa y de entrevistas semiestructuradas a las Mamis del Valencia Club de Hockey (CH) y a miembros del equipo técnico y directivo. Frente a los alarmantes datos estadísticos que subrayan el abandono de la práctica del deporte en las mujeres de edades intermedias, los resultados de este estudio desvelan algunas buenas prácticas que hacen de este caso un espacio recreativo; de relaciones de amistad; de gestión del tiempo y de conciliación de deporte y vida familiar para las mujeres participantes.
Palabras clave: mujeres, igualdad de género, cuerpo, competitividad, desigualdades deportivas.
Abstract. This article examines sports practice among women aged 40-55 in the context of the field hockey teams classified as Hockey-Mamis within their federation. This modality of hockey positively reinforces female participation in sports throughout women's lives, especially for those at an age when work and family responsibilities are particularly intense. In the article, we aim to analyze how women balance those responsibilities with their sports training. The methodological approach used was a case study, which involved observing participants and conducting semi-structured interviews with the Mamis of Valencia's Hockey Club (CH) and members of the management and technical teams. As compared to the alarming statistical data that suggest an increase in sports dropout among middle-aged women, the results of this study reveal some good practices which make this specific case a recreational space where friendships are born, and the times for sports and life are successfully managed and balanced by the women who take part in it.
Keywords: women, gender equality, body, competitiveness, inequality in sports.
Os comportamentos do instrutor de Aeróbica: caracterização e comparação segundo a sua formação e experiência
Authors: Campos Francisco , Sá Paulo , Costa Rúben , Martins Fernando
Published: June 2023

A certificação dos profissionais e a contratação de profissionais certificados são uma preocupação constante e atual do setor do fitness em Portugal, pelo que importa a sua análise e consequente reflexão. Assim, pretende-se caracterizar o comportamento do instrutor de Aeróbica, numa fase específica da sessão (aquecimento), e compará-lo segundo a sua formação e experiência. Participaram neste estudo 20 instrutores de Aeróbica, com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 42 anos (23.95 ± 6.49). Os dados foram recolhidos com recurso ao Sistema de Observação do Comportamento dos Instrutores de Fitness - Aulas de Grupo (SOCIF-AG). Para comparação, foram criados vários grupos, segundo a sua formação e experiência, e utilizado o teste ANOVA one-way. Na caracterização foi possível compreender os comportamentos-tipo adotados pelos instrutores, em função da sua formação e experiência, e as respetivas tendências. Pela comparação foi possível verificar diferenças significativas ao nível de quatro dimensões (Instrução, Interação, Controle, Outros comportamentos) e cinco categorias (Informação com exercício, Avaliação positiva com exercício, Questionamento com exercício, Afetividade positiva com exercício, Observação com exercício), e de onde proveem. Pelo plasmado em alguns estudos, é possível concluir que o comportamento adotado por instrutores mais experientes poderá servir como referência para os menos experientes, para aumento da retenção/fidelização e satisfação dos praticantes.
Palavras-chave: comportamento; instrutor; fitness; formação; experiência.
Effects of Physical Exercise on Hepatic Biomarkers in Adult Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Dos Santos Luciano Lima , Pinto de Castro Juliana Brandão , Gama Linhares Diego , Barros dos Santos Andressa Oliveira , de Souza Cordeiro Lilliany , Borba-Pinheiro Claudio Joaquim , Gomes de Souza Vale Rodrigo
Published: June 2023

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the effects of physical exercise on hepatic biomarkers in adult individuals. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis following the PRISMA recommendations and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022337749). MEDLINE (via PubMed), Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science were searched, using the terms of the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) “exercise”, “liver diseases”, and “biomarkers”. Results: Fourteen studies achieved eligibility with a total of 485 participants. Interventions ranged from 4 to 12 weeks, lasting 24 to 90 minutes per session, with 3 to 5 sessions per week. Interventions with aerobic and resistance exercises, with or without a vibration device and diet implementation, demonstrated a reduction in different hepatic biomarkers, such as aspartate transferase (AST), alanine transferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), albumin (ALB), ferritin (Fe), and indirect bilirubin (Bil). The main results of the meta-analysis showed no significant difference in ALB, GGT, AST, and ALP. However, there was a significant difference in ALT (SMD: – 0.41; 95% CI: – 0.71 to -0.11; p = 0.008; I2 = 0%). Conclusion: Physical exercise (e.g., resistance training, aerobic training, high-intensity interval training) favored the reduction of AST, ALT, GGT, ALP, ALB, Fe, and Bil. This study pointed out that the regular practice of physical exercise can be an efficient and recommended strategy to minimize the deleterious effects of liver diseases.
Keywords: exercise; liver disease; non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; biomarkers; resistance training; high-intensity interval training.
Aprendi jogar bolita com meu irmão!”: Saberes e vivências de crianças do ensino fundamental acerca de brincadeiras tradicionais brasileiras
Authors: Zaim-de-Melo Rogerio , Rodrigues Alves Elielson Felipe , Farias Fabiani Débora Jaqueline , Orenga Sandoval Gabriel , Nogueira Silva Luis Felipe , Godoy Luis Bruno , Scaglia Alcides Jose
Published: June 2023

Com o objetivo de verificar o conhecimento de crianças de sexto ano relacionado a cinco brinquedos e jogos tradicionais (bolinha de gude, 5 marias, elástico, pião e pipa). Foi realizado um estudo quanti-qualitativo, exploratório e transversal em 2 escolas públicas e 2 escolas privadas de Corumbá-MS. As análises, de conteúdo e descritiva foram utilizadas com os dados da pesquisa e possibilitaram afirmar que, à exceção das 5 marias, as crianças, de maneira geral, conhecem os brinquedos, variando para cada um dos jogos, havendo diferença entre conhecer e vivenciar. Em adição, alunos e alunas das escolas particulares tiveram uma relação mais próxima com os jogos do que as de escolas públicas, em decorrência, provavelmente, da estrutura que essas escolas podem fornecer. Os jogos e brinquedos, indicaram uma aproximação latente entre a descoberta de novos jogos decorridas da relação, principalmente, com familiares. A partir dos dados mostra-se a pouca aparição das aulas de Educação Física como ambiente de aprendizagem para os jogos tradicionais, fazendo com que o ambiente informal seja fundamental para a disseminação desses jogos. Finalizando, o estudo contribui e abre brecha para entender com profundidade a maneira com que as práticas culturais se sustentam na sociedade contemporânea.
Palavras-chave: Brinquedo. Jogo Tradicional. Educação Física. Bolita. Escola
Análisis bibliométrico de la producción científica en los deportes colectivos (Bibliometric analysis of scientific production in collective sports)
Authors: Mamani-Jilaja Dometila , Huayanca-Medina Pedro Carlos , Casa-Coila Manuela Daishy , Vilca-Apaza Henry-Mark , Romero-Carazas Rafael
Published: June 2023

Actualmente se ha producido un repunte en el crecimiento de la producción académica como consecuencia de la evolución de la literatura científica en torno a los deportes colectivos. El estudio tuvo como objetivo desarrollar un análisis bibliométrico de la producción científica sobre los deportes colectivos más practicados, contenida en la base de datos Scopus entre los años 2002 y 2022. Se fundamentó en un análisis bibliométrico descriptivo y cuantitativo. En las ecuaciones de búsqueda se utilizaron las siguientes combinaciones de términos: Sport AND Collective, Soccer, Basketball, Handball, Volleyball, obteniendo un total de 561 documentos. Los resultados muestran un aumento del número de trabajos académicos publicados entre 2016 y 2022 con un total de 420 documentos (74.9%), la mayoría de estos trabajos (92.7%) son artículos científicos y más de la mitad (61%) son estudios en ciencias sociales, medicina, deportes y psicología, siendo España (15.9%) y Brasil (11.8%) las principales fuentes de producción científica. Se concluye que el estudio bibliométrico contribuye sustancialmente a la comunidad científica aportando datos sobre los deportes colectivos más practicados a nivel mundial, que pueden facilitar futuros estudios dirigidos a modelar y caracterizar mejor el comportamiento, habilidades y capacidades de los individuos en el deporte en equipo.
Palabras clave: Bibliométrico; producción científica; deportes colectivos. 
Abstract. Currently, there has been an upturn in the growth of academic production as a consequence of the evolution of scientific literature on team sports. The aim of the study was to develop a bibliometric analysis of the scientific production on the most practiced team sports, contained in the Scopus database between 2002 and 2022. It was based on a descriptive and quantitative bibliometric analysis. The following combinations of terms were used in the search equations: Sport AND Collective, Soccer, Basketball, Handball, Volleyball, obtaining a total of 561 documents. The results show an increase in the number of academic papers published between 2016 and 2022 with a total of 420 documents (74.9%), most of these papers (92.7%) are scientific articles and more than half (61%) are studies in social sciences, medicine, sports and psychology, with Spain (15.9%) and Brazil (11.8%) being the main sources of scientific production. It is concluded that the bibliometric study contributes substantially to the scientific community by providing data on the most practiced team sports worldwide, which can facilitate future studies aimed at modeling and better characterizing the behavior, skills and abilities of individuals in team sports.
Keywords: Bibliometric; scientific production; collective sports.
Obtienen mejores notas los estudiantes que practican deporte? Un estudio descriptivo con alumnos perte-necientes al mismo centro educativo de Educación Primaria. (Do students who practice sport get better grades? A descriptive research with students from same Primary Education school)
Authors: Garcia Jimenez Jose Vicente
Published: June 2023

Introducción: El presente artículo pretende analizar la relación entre la práctica de actividad física extraescolar y el rendimiento académico en alumnos de Educación Primaria pertenecientes al mismo centro educativo. Método: 110 estudiantes (62 chicos y 48 chicas) de entre 8 y 12 años participaron en este estudio. Se compararon las medias académicas de un trimestre con los niveles de actividad física extraídos del cuestionario APALQ en su versión en castellano. Resultados: El análisis de resultados mostró que aquellos estudiantes activos obtenían, significativamente, mejor nota media que los estudiantes sedentarios (8,05±1,12 vs 7,25±1,10; p=0,044). Esta circunstancia se mantuvo al analizar los resultados en función del género de los alumnos, si bien únicamente fue significativa en el caso de las chicas (7,98±1,17 vs 6,93±0,82; p=0,038). Conclusiones: El estudio concluye que el hecho de practicar ejercicio físico fuera del horario escolar supone un elemento diferencial a la hora de obtener mejores resultados académicos, con la especial circunstancia de que todos los estudiantes pertenecían al mismo centro educativo.
Palabras clave: Rendimiento académico, actividad física, Educación Primaria, extraescolar.
Abstract. Introduction: The purpose of this research is to analyse the relationship between the practice of extracurricular physical activity and academic performance in Primary Education students who attend the same school. Methods: 110 students (62 boys and 48 girls) aged 8 to 12 years participated in this study. Academic results for one term were compared with the physical activity levels extracted from APALQ questionnaire in its Spanish version. Results: The analysis of results showed that active students obtained significantly higher grades than sedentary students (8.05±1.12 vs. 7.25±1.10; p=0.044). This circumstance is maintained when analysing the results according to the students' gender, although it is only significant in the case of girls (7.98±1.17 vs 6.93±0.82; p=0.038). Conclusions: The study concludes that the fact of practising physical exercise after school hours is a differential aspect for obtaining better academic results, with the special circumstance that all the students from this research are attending the same educational centre.
Keywords: Academic performance, physical activity, Primary Education, extra-curricular.
Intensidad y nivel de la actividad física en diabladas de la fiesta de la Tirana en Chile (Intensity and level of physical activity in the diabladas of the festival of La Tirana in Chile)
Authors: Yañez Sepulveda Rodrigo Alejandro , Zavala-Crichton Juan Pablo , Cortés-Roco Guillermo , Hurtado-Almonacid Juan , De Souza-Lima Josivaldo , Olivares-Arancibia Jorge , Reyes-Amigo Tomás
Published: June 2023

El objetivo fue analizar la intensidad y el nivel de actividad física en diabladas durante la fiesta de la Tirana en Chile. El estudio fue no experimental, transversal, exploratorio, descriptivo y comparativo. Participaron 50 bailarines de una diablada de Chile (30 mujeres y 20 hombres). Las evaluaciones se realizaron durante la fiesta religiosa de la Tirana en el Norte de Chile. Para cuantificar las variables de estudio se utilizaron acelerómetros Actigraph modelo GTX-3 que fueron instalados en la cintura. Los bailarines tuvieron jornadas de baile efectivo entre 3 y 5 horas/día. La intensidad promedio por hora de baile fue de 3,1 ± 1,0 METs, el porcentaje de intensidad de baile a intensidad moderada a vigorosa (AFMV) fue de 46,4% ± 2,7%; el promedio de pasos por hora fue de 3124 ± 178 y el tiempo en actividad moderada a vigorosa (AFMV) estuvo en rangos entre 83,1 a 138,5 min por día. Se encontraron diferencias en la actividad física muy vigorosa entre hombres y mujeres (F=9,57; p=0,003; n2p= 0,127). Los bailarines de Diabladas presentan elevados niveles de actividad física durante la fiesta religiosa de la Tirana en Chile. Cada día los bailarines sobrepasan las recomendaciones internacionales de actividad física, lo que puede generar beneficios en la salud y calidad de vida.
Palabras clave: acelerometría, danza, salud.
Abstract. The objective was to analyze the intensity and level of physical activity in diabladas during the festival of La Tirana in Chile. The study was non-experimental, cross-sectional, exploratory, descriptive and comparative. Fifty dancers from a Chilean diablada (30 women and 20 men) participated. The evaluations were carried out during the religious festival of La Tirana in northern Chile. Actigraph GTX-3 model accelerometers were used to quantify the study variables and were installed at the waist. The dancers had effective dance days between 3 and 5 hours/day. The average intensity per hour of dancing was 3.1 ± 1.0 METs, the percentage of dance intensity to moderate to vigorous intensity (AFMV) was 46.4% ± 2.7%; the average number of steps per hour was 3124 ± 178 and the time in moderate to vigorous activity (AFMV) ranged from 83.1 to 138.5 min per day. Differences in very vigorous physical activity were found between men and women (F=9.57; p=0.003; n2p= 0.127). Diabladas dancers present high levels of physical activity during the religious festival of La Tirana in Chile. Every day the dancers exceed the international recommendations for physical activity, which can generate benefits in health and quality of life.
Keywords: accelerometry, dance, health.
Konstruksi/Karakter Hukum Penyalahgunaan Wewenang dan Menyalahgunakan Kewenangan Dalam Tindak Pidana Korupsi
Authors: Darmawan Dicky , Pattiasina Lidia Priscilla
Published: June 2023

Introduction: The legal issues in this paper are how the legal construction/character of abuse of authority in corruption crimes and how the basis for the enforcement of offenses/norms of abuse of authority in corruption

Purposes of the Research:  This writing aims to find out and analyze the legal construction/character of the abuse of authority in corruption

Methods of the Research: The research method used is normative, that is, research that primarily examines positive legal provisions and legal principles, explain and predicts in the direcrion of future legal developments.

Results/Originality of the Research: The results show that or The findings of this study prove that abuse of authority and abuse of authority is the core of the concept of administrative law relating to the source or birth of authority. This has consequences for the concept of legal responsibility that was born from deviations from the principle of objectives that have been given to the authority.
Kewenangan Aparat Pengawasan Intern Pemerintah Dalam Menyatakan Kerugian Keuangan
Authors: Wirabuana Zainuddin , Nirahua Salmon Eliazer Marthen , Bakarbessy Andress Deny
Published: June 2023

Introduction: The Government Internal Supervisory Apparatus (APIP) is an internal supervisor who carries out the task of administering government affairs in the field of state/regional financial supervision and national development. Law enforcement officials often use the results of the APIP audit as evidence in trials of corruption cases, as well as the panel of judges at the Ambon District Court continues to accept the results of calculations and provide expert opinions in trials.

Purposes of the Research: Analyzing juridically through reviewing laws and regulations relating to the authority of the Government Internal Supervisory Apparatus in declaring state financial losses, and analyzing the relationship between supervisory and auditing institutions (BPK and APIP) in determining and declaring state financial losses.

Methods of the Research: The research method used is normative, that is, research that primarily examines positive legal provisions and legal principles, explain and predicts in the direcrion of future legal developments.

Results of the Research: The results of the research show that (1) APIP remains authorized to conduct investigative audits, audit calculations of state financial losses and provide expert testimony at trial, (2) There is no legal protection that regulates the pattern of confidential audit results relations between APIP and BPK. Therefore, it is necessary to enact laws and regulations that reinforce the role of each supervisory and examiner institution to create legal certainty and prevent overlapping authorities.
Use of Dairy Products in people living with diabetes
Authors: Sanjay Kalra  , Saurabh Arora  , Nitin Kapoor
Published: June 2023

Dairy products are a good source of protein, energy andcalcium. Unfortunately, because of various misconceptions,they are often avoided by people living with diabetes. Thisarticle enumerates the wide variety of dairy productsavailable in the South Asian cuisine, explores theirnutritional characteristics, and explains how to consumethem in a healthy manner. Furthermore, this manuscriptalso highlights the utility of dairy products in people livingwith diabetes and its impact on improving glycemiccontrol.

Keywords: Cheese, Curd, Dairy, Ghee, Medical NutritionalTherapy, Yoghurt
The Bariatric Pyramid: A framework for therapeutic targets
Authors: Sanjay Kalra  , Nitin Kapoor  , Manash P Baruah  , Saurabh Arora  , Ashok Kumar Das
Published: June 2023

The Bariatric Pyramid is a model which serves to explain the goals of obesity management, act as a milestone for monitoring of therapy, and to benchmark the utility of various anti-obesity medications and interventions. Built upon a base of sustainability, it lists three more desired aspects of care: sufficiency (sufficient strength) safety and security. Each of the four aspects of the pyramid: sustainability, sufficiency safety and security have three angles, which allows the reader to understand them easily. The model that we propose is useful in training health care professionals, in therapeutic patient education, for assessing various anti-obesity therapies, and in reaching the right decision while managing obesity. Keywords: Anti-obesity medication, clinical decision aid, obesity, overweight, therapeutic patient education, person centered care.
Where there is a will, there is a way: enhancing contraceptive uptake in Pakistan
Authors: Mir Ali , Pearson Steve , Masood Irfan
Published: June 2023

Objectives: To assess the contribution of a series of interventions on contraceptive uptake and reduction in unmet need in areas covered by the Family Advancement for Life and Health project.
Method: The study was conducted from 2008-09 to 2011-12 in 14 districts across Pakistan. The sample comprised all urban and rural households in each district. A total of 40 blocks/villages were selected, with 13 households selected per block/village. Within each household, all married women of reproductive age 15-49 years were interviewed, and their husbands who were present at the time were also interviewed to a maximum of 5 per block. Baseline data was collected in 2008-09, while end line data was collected in 2010-11. Change in family planning uptake attributed to the project interventions were estimated. Besides, a situation analysis of service delivery points was also conducted. Data was analysed using SPSS 21.
Results: The panel comprised 5,304 women and 950 husbands. Interventions with the most robust effects were LHWs’ home visits, attending women’s group meetings, and watching family planning messages on television (p<0.05). The greatest changes were observed in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, in urban areas and among younger women (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Investing in public-sector services does pay off in terms of meeting family planning needs, and so do better, wider and clearer communication.
Key Words: Contraception, Pakistan, FALAH.
Comparison of different methods of controlling pain during debonding of orthodontic brackets
Authors: Iqbal Kashif , Khalid Zahra , Khan Ali Akhtar , Jan Abdullah
Published: June 2023

Objective: To compare the efficacy of finger pressure and plastic wafers in terms of pain control during debonding.
Method: This cross sectional study was conducted at the Department of Orthodontics, Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from January to June 2020, and comprised patients of either gender aged 13-21 years who had completed fixed orthodontic treatment with 0.022 brackets of Roth prescription and required debonding. The patients was divided into two equal groups. In group A, teeth were stabilised with finger pressure with cotton between the finger and teeth, and then debonding was done using open mouth technique. In group B, teeth were stabilised using a plastic wafer between maxillary and mandibular teeth, and then debonding was done using closed mouth technique. Pain was assessed using a visual analogue scale VAS. Data was analysed using SPSS 23.
Results: Of the 110 patients, each of the 2 groups had 55(50%) subjects. Overall, there were 35(32%) males and 75(68%) females. The mean age of the sample was 16±2.4 years. Mean pain scores among the males was 32.0±7.68 compared to 34.067±12.59 among the females (p>0.05). Subjects in group B had significantly less pain than those in group A (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Plastic wafer was found to be more effective in terms of controlling pain during debonding compared to finger pressure.
Key Words: Pain measurement, Methods of debonding, Orthodontic pain management, Finger pressure, Plastic wafer.
Frequency of congenital inner ear malformations among cochlear implant candidates at a tertiary care hospital Pakistan
Authors: Ali Hussain  , Sohail Awan  , Wasim Memon
Published: June 2023

Objectives: To determine the frequency and factors associated with inner ear anomalies among cochlear implant candidates.
Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Otolaryngology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from October 2021 to March 2022, and comprised patients of either gender aged <18 years who received cochlear implants. All subjects underwent computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the temporal bone to identify any inner ear anomaly. The data gathered included implantation age, gender, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings, and history of congenital anomaly, neurodevelopmental disorder, family hearing loss, consanguinity and brain-evoked response auditory result. Data was analysed using SPSS 23.
Results: Of the 120 patients, 66(55%) were females and 54(45%) were males. The median age of the patients was 3 years (interquartile range: 2-5 years). Of the total, 7(5.8%) patients presented with inner ear malformations; 3(2.5%) each with enlarged vestibular aqueduct, Mondini malformation type II, and 1(0.8%) with semi-circular canal dysplasia.
Conclusion: The frequency of inner ear anomalies amongst cochlear implant candidates was 5.8%, and the most common anomalies were enlarged vestibular aqueduct and Mondini malformation type II.
Key Words: Cochlear implant, Inner ear anomalies, Inner ear malformations, Hearing loss, Frequency, Consanguinity, loss, Temporal bone, Tomography, Magnetic resonance, Neurodevelopmental disorders, Otolaryngology.
Juvenile dermatomyositis with rare cutaneous manifestation: generalised hypertrichosis
Authors: Kayani Maham , Khalil Elma , Sultan Javeria , Sagheer Farah
Published: June 2023

Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is a rare autoimmune disease characterised by inflammation of muscles and skin with extra muscular involvement of joints, heart, intestine, and liver. Pathogenesis of JDM is believed to be due to vasculopathy. Along with classic cutaneous features of JDM, rare findings include hypertrichosis, lipoatrophy, photosensitivity, bullous lesions, and hyperhidrosis. We present, here, a case of JDM with hypertrichosis as very few cases have been reported previously.
Keywords: Juvenile dermatomyositis, Hypertrichosis, Autoimmune disease.
Pain treatment services; a national survey of tertiary care hospitals in Pakistan
Authors: Ahmed Usama , Afshan Gauhar
Published: June 2023

Objective: To quantify pain services in Pakistan and classify them according to the International Association for the Study of Pain guidelines.
Method: The study was conducted at the Aga Khan University, Karachi, from January to June 2022, and comprised data of all public and private tertiary care hospitals anywhere in Pakistan that were registered with the Pakistan Medical Council till November 25, 2021. Data was collected using a predesigned Google form. Data was obtained primarily via email and secondarily by a phone call in a structured format. The facilities providing dedicated pain management services were classified according to the International Association for the Study of Pain guidelines.
Results: Of 118 hospitals, 45(38.1%) were in the public sector and 73(61.8%) were in the private sector. Overall, 78(65.2%) had no pain treatment services, while 40(34.2%) had such services. Of these 40(34.2%) facilities, 25(62.5%) were classified as pain centres, 11(27.5%) were pain clinics and 4(10%) were pain practices. In terms of per 100,000 population, there were 0.0193 pain services, 0.0351 pain physicians, 0.025 nursing staff and 0.02 administrative staff in the country. Physiotherapy was present in 37(92.5%) hospitals, psychiatry and psychology as allied services were used in 38(95%), acupuncture was integrated into the practice in 25(62.5%), while 39(97.5%) hospitals offered interventional procedures. Also, 9(22.5%) hospitals offered advanced training in pain medicine.
Conclusion: A severe shortage of chronic pain services in Pakistan was found.
Key Words: Chronic pain, Health resources, Multidisciplinary pain centres, Surveys and questionnaires, Allied health personnel.
Menstrual hygiene issues and reproductive tract infections in flood-affected victims
Authors: Atiq Sami , Tehreem Eesha , Atiq Usama , Rafique Rameen
Published: June 2023

Menstruation, a physiological phenomenon, is still considered a stigmatized subject in 3rd world countries like Pakistan, leading to incorrect and incomplete knowledge, resulting in unhealthy practices (1). In lower socioeconomic classes, menstrual hygiene management(MHM) can be unhygienic and inconvenient for women (2). According to research in Karachi, at menarche, only 28.4 per cent of the general population had an idea of menses and proper placement of absorbent (1). Another study found a statistically significant association between reproductive morbidity and unhygienic menstrual practices (3). Unhygienic practices lead women to Reproductive tract infections, and many women have Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). According to research, 76.7 per cent of women who came to health clinics had Reproductive tract infections (RTIs), and 14.7 per cent had PID (4). Reproductive tact infections is also a significant reason for secondary infertility (5). In rural areas, women do not have access to and knowledge about sanitary products (6).
Recently, floods have inundated one-third of Pakistan. As a result, 33 million people were displaced, and 660,000 people live in relief camps (7), of which 8 million women are of reproductive age. Along with all other issues, women are facing problems regarding menstrual hygiene. Some women in Baluchistan were reported to be using tree leaves instead of pads (7). According to a study by AKU, women in Dadu (an area affected by flood from 2019-2021) were not using sanitary products, instead repeatedly changing out of and washing their stained clothes(7)
During the evacuation from flood-affected areas, menstrual products have been unavailable for extended use of soiled products or bloodstained clothing (8). These unhygienic practices will cause Reproductive tract infections in these women, which may complicate PID or even secondary infertility.
Paying attention to this problem is the need of the hour. Destigmatizing menstruation, educating women and ensuring the availability of low-cost menstrual hygiene products should be prioritized. These interventions will lead to decreased number of urogenital infections. Along with providing MHM products, women should be educated about proper disposal & waste management. Incineration could be used for this. Plastic pads will cause more water pollution in the flood-affected areas, and cloth towels need to be washed with clean water, which is unavailable in those areas. So natural sanitary products from bamboo fibre, banana fibre or sea sponges can be used (4). Women should be educated about stitching pads from cheap absorbent clothes available locally.
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Pengaruh Rasio Keuangan bagi Perubahan Laba pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Sub Sektor Farmasi Teregistrasi BEI Periode 2019-2021
Authors: Fitriana Aulia Nur , Budiman Ahmad
Published: June 2023

The aim of the research is to provide a more specific and relevant understanding of the influence of financial ratios on profit changes in the context of registered Pharmaceutical Sub-Sector Manufacturing Companies in the period 2019-2021. The financial ratios measured include CR (Current Ratio), DER (Debt-to-Equity Ratio), TATO (Total Asset Turnover), and NPM (Net Profit Margin). The research follows a quantitative method. The population consists of all pharmaceutical sub-sector manufacturing companies (11 companies). A sample of 8 companies was selected using purposive sampling method. The sample selection criteria were (a) registered on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2019-2021; (b) having complete financial statements as required. The data used are secondary data, namely annual financial reports sourced from the Indonesia Stock Exchange website. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, classical assumptions, multiple linear regression test, F-test, t-test, and R-square test. The research findings are as follows: (1) CR has a significant positive impact on profit changes with a significance level of 0.02 (sig<0.05); (2) DER has a significant positive impact on profit changes with a significance level of 0.01 (sig<0.05); (3) TATO has a significant positive impact on profit changes with a significance level of 0.01 (sig<0.05); (4) NPM has a significant positive impact on profit changes with a significance level of 0.03 (sig<0.05); (5) CR, DER, TATO, NPM simultaneously have a significant positive impact on profit changes with a significance level of 0.01 (sig=0.01<0.05).

Keywords: financial ratios, profit changes, pharmaceutical companise
Pengembangan Alat Peraga Matematika Berbasis Metode Montessori pada Papan Perkalian di Kelas II MI
Authors: Lubis Jazila Adelina , Rambe Andina Halimsyah
Published: June 2023

This study aims to determine the feasibility and effectiveness of teaching aids and to develop multiplication board aids based on Montessori in order to improve the ability to calculate multiplication and create a more interesting and enjoyable learning process for class II MIN 12 students in Medan City. This study uses the Research and Development (R&D) method using research and development procedures from Borg and Gall with 8 steps out of 10 steps namely: research and data collection, planning, product draft development, initial field trials, product revisions, field trials main, operational test and final product revision. Data collection techniques with observation, interviews, questionnaires and tests. Data analysis techniques using quantitative descriptive statistics. From the results of validation by material experts, media experts and field trials conducted by teachers and students it can be seen that they fall into the very feasible category. This is indicated by an increase in student learning outcomes of 58,6%. The results of field trials also found that visual aids had cognitive and affective impacts in the form of increasing students' concentration and interest in learning.

Keywords: development, props, multiplication board, montessori
Implementasi Komunikasi Verbal dan Non Verbal Dalam Proses Menghafal Doa Sehari-Hari pada Anak Usia Dini di Program Anak Sholeh di Masjid Istiqomah Sekip, Kec Sibiru-Biru Kab. Deli Serdang
Authors: Az–Zahra.T Khoirunnisa , Yulia Fatma
Published: June 2023

The study's objective is to determine whether humans use communication as a transformational tool. can communicate his desires with other people. Correspondence completed in the retention cycle will constantly utilize verbal correspondence by talking or composing while non-verbal correspondence utilizes images and body developments (signals). It turned out that an ustazah's implementation of memorizing daily prayers through verbal and nonverbal communication had significant effects for early childhood. There is an expansion in interest and higher appeal in taking part in the remembrance cycle on the grounds that the ustazah can make a fascinating environment. In addition, this study employed descriptive qualitative methods to directly observe facts, items, and certain characteristics through interviews with religious educators and program administrators and documentation. The information assortment strategy utilized was field studies

 Keywords:  childhood communication, daily prayer
CONTRADICTION OF ADEQUACY OF CENTRIFUGAL MACHINES SPACE PURPOSE
Authors:   Samara National Research University named after Academician S.P. Korolev., Akulov Vladislav Alekseevich
Published: June 2023

A specific property of the model fields created by centrifuges and called "inconsistency" has been established, which consists in the loss of adequacy when solving identical problems, but with somewhat modified initial data. An example is the transition from the problems of modeling overloads to the problems of modeling the hypogravity of the Moon.
SPOR BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ ÖĞRENCİLERİNDE SINAV KAYGISININ BAZI DEĞİŞKENLERE GÖRE ARAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: DOĞAN Erol , İMAMOĞLU Osman
Published: June 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi öğrencilerinde sınav kaygısının cinsiyet, okuduğu bölüm, gelir durumu ve müsabakalara katılıp katılmama durumuna göre araştırılmasıdır. Bu amaçla sınav kaygısı ölçeği uygulanan toplam 332 öğrencinin verileri değerlendirilmiştir. Karşılaştırmalarda t- testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi, LSD testleri kullanılmıştır. Bulgular şöyledir: Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi öğrencilerinin sınav kaygıları alt boyutlar ve toplam ölçekte cinsiyete göre birbirine benzerdir (p>0,05). Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin sınav kaygıları alt boyutlar ve toplam ölçekte okudukları bölüme göre benzerdir (p>0,05). Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin sınav kaygıları alt boyutlardan başkalarının görüşü ve kendi görüşünüz ile toplam ölçek puanlarında anlamlı şekilde farklıdır (p0,05). Sınav kaygısının bir kulüpte yarışma durumu ile negatif bir ilişkisi bulunmuştur (p
Version 2.0 Concept 3
Authors:   SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Ramapuram Campus, Chennai, India, Asokan N
Published: June 2023

"Version 2.0 CONCEPT THREE: Unveiling the Power of Triadic Structure in Communication" is a profound e-book that delves into the cognitive and communicative significance of the 'Rule of Three.' Drawing from the ancient Latin adage "omne trium perfectum" (every set of three is complete), the book explores the ubiquity and effectiveness of triadic structures in various forms of communication, from prose and poetry to film and advertising. The rule of three operates on the premise that the human mind is proficient at grasping, retaining, and processing information presented in trios, beyond which comprehension tends to decline. This compelling work not only investigates this cognitive phenomenon but also offers a practical guide to leveraging the rule of three in the construction of impactful messages. The book unfolds in three meticulous steps, embodying its very concept. It begins by instructing readers on crafting a concise, Twitter-friendly headline encapsulating the core message of the intended communication. It then guides readers through the development of three key messages to support the headline. Lastly, it demonstrates how to enhance these messages with captivating stories or anecdotes. The principles illuminated in "Version 2.0 CONCEPT THREE" serve as invaluable tools for anyone seeking to amplify their communication skills, be it in professional, educational, or personal contexts. Keywords: Rule of Three, Omne Trium Perfectum, Triadic Structure, Communication, Cognition, Memory, Message Map, Twitter-friendly Headline, Key Messages, Storytelling, Communication Skills.