bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Como a interação universidade-empresa é remunerada no Brasil: evidências dos grupos de pesquisa do CNPq
Authors: Rapini Márcia Siqueira , Oliveira Vanessa Parreiras de , Silva Thiago Caliari
Published: June 2017

O objetivo deste artigo é investigar o financiamento da interação universidade-empresa (UE) no Brasil. Foram analisados os tipos de relacionamento e suas respectivas remunerações referentes a 2.726 grupos de pesquisa do Censo 2008 do Diretório de Grupos de Pesquisa/ CNPq. A análise aponta que os tipos de remuneração mais frequentes foram a transferência de recursos financeiros e materiais entre as partes e, em menor proporção, as remunerações vinculadas à geração e à troca de conhecimento por meio de bolsas e intercâmbio de pessoal. Usando um modelo econométrico logit multinomial, foram analisadas características que influenciam no tipo de remuneração utilizado na interação U-E. Os resultados sugerem que a excelência científica, a grande área de conhecimento, o modo de interação e o setor de atuação da empresa impactam de maneira diferenciada no tipo de remuneração estabelecido.
Potencial inovativo da indústria nas regiões brasileiras
Authors: Góis Sobrinho Ednaldo Moreno , Azzoni Carlos Roberto
Published: June 2017

Este trabalho apresenta um novo índice para medir, em níveis geográficos desagregados, o potencial inovativo das regiões no setor industrial. O índice considera conjuntamente o nível tecnológico dos setores, as ocupações associadas a P&D e as habilidades, perícias, conhecimentos e outras características dos trabalhadores. Os índices calculados para regiões, estados e municípios, no período 2003-2012, revelam que o Sul e Sudeste ainda têm a indústria potencialmente mais inovativa. A evolução dos índices mostra que áreas tradicionais registraram crescimento inferior ao de outras áreas, o que indica sinais de mudanças futuras no quadro de concentração industrial. Com base nos índices municipais, definiram-se 15 clusters com alto potencial de inovação, englobando 847 municípios, responsáveis por 60% do valor adicionado industrial do país.
Knowledge, innovation and space
Authors: Araujo Veneziano de Castro
Published: June 2017

No período recente, a relação entre o conhecimento, a inovação e a localização tem sido um tema relevante no debate econômico, especialmente sobre os mecanismos e os processos nela envolvidos. Nesse contexto, o livro Knowledge, innovation and space, organizado por Charlie Karlsson, Berje Johansson, Kiyoshi Kobayashi e Roger R. Stough, tem o mérito de estruturar essa relação e fornecer uma visão geral de tópicos relativos à dinâmica do conhecimento e da inovação em níveis global, regional e local.
Elastic foundation effects on arch dams
Authors: Karabulut Muhammet , Kartal Murat Emre , Capar Omer Faruk , Cavusli Murat
Published: June 2017

Earthquake response of an arch dam should be calculated under ground motion effects. This study presents three-dimensional linear earthquake response of an arch dam. Thereby, we considered different ground motion effects and also foundation conditions in the finite element analyses. For this purpose, the Type 3 double curvature arch dam was selected for application. All numerical analyses are carried out by SAP2000 program for empty reservoir cases. In the scope of this study, linear modal time-history analyses are performed using three dimensional finite element model of the arch dam and arch dam-foundation interaction systems. According to numerical analyses, maximum horizontal displacements and maximum normal stresses are presented by dam height in the largest section. These results are evaluated for rigid and various elastic foundation conditions. Furthermore, near-fault and far-field ground motion effects on the selected arch dam are taken into account by different accelerograms obtained from the Loma Prieta earthquake at various distances.
Modal response identification of a highway bridge under traffic loads using frequency domain decomposition (FDD)
Authors: Akköse Mehmet , Gomez Hugo C. , Feng Maria Q.
Published: June 2017

In this study, a four-span, 224m long, post-tensioned concrete box girder bridge supported on single column piers was subject to a series of controlled vehicle tests. Bridge acceleration response datasets were used to study the effect of truck speed and a sudden stop, on the modal identification of the bridge structure. Natural frequencies and mode shapes of the bridge were determined using the frequency domain decomposition technique for all datasets. The passing of the truck rendered difficult to identify the first bridge frequency. Conversely, the vehicle tests improved the identification of higher vibration modes. This is because the truck preferentially excites the bridge vertical response, which is associated with higher modes of vibrations, especially when a sudden stop of the vehicle occurs. Thus, carefully conducted vehicle-crossing tests provide detailed information about the bridge structure dynamics in the vertical direction. However, to identify lower modes, no vehicle on the bridge is preferred.
Flexural behavior of sustainable reactive powder concrete bubbled slab flooring elements
Authors: Alfeehan Ashraf Abdulhadi , Abdulkareem Hassan Issa , Mutashar Shahad Hameed
Published: June 2017

Voided slabs are reinforced concrete slabs in which voids allow to reduce the amount of concrete. The bubbled deck slab is a new and sustainable biaxial floor system to be used as a self-supporting concrete floor. The use of voided slabs leads to decrease the consumption of materials and improve the insulation properties for enhancing the objectives of sustainability. This study presents an investigation into the flexural behavior of sustainable Reactive Powder Concrete RPC bubbled slab flooring elements. Six one-way slabs were cast and tested up to the failure. The adopted variables in this study are: the volumetric ratio of steel fibers, type of slab; bubbled or solid, placing of reinforcement and thickness of slab. The effect of each variable on the ultimate load, deflection and strain has been discussed. The results show that increasing the percent of steel fibers from 1% to 2% in solid and bubbled slabs decreases the deflection by (18.75%) and (50%) respectively. As well as, the deflection increases by (41%) for bubbled slab compared to the solid slab. The slabs reinforced with top and bottom steel meshes show less deflection than slabs reinforced by only bottom steel mesh.
Improvement of the technique for the solution method of Gauss Seidel
Authors: Dawood Assist. Lecturer Qasim Abbas
Published: June 2017

In this paper, a new approach was suggested to the method of Gauss Seidel through the controlling of equations installation before the beginning of the method in the traditional way. New structure of equations occur after the diagnosis of the variable that causes the fluctuation and the slow extract of the results, then eradicating this variable.
This procedure leads to a higher accuracy and less number of steps than the old method.
By using the this proposed method, there will be a possibility of solving many of divergent values equations which cannot be solved by the old style.
Production and Extraction of Siderophores-Catecholate- from -MDR-Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Khelkal Ssist. Prof. Dr. Intesar N.
Published: June 2017

Siderophores are low molecular weight organic compounds produced by microorganisms growing under low iron concentration.In this study we describe the detection, production and extraction of siderophores secreted by Acinetobacter baumannii (Multiple-drug resistant ) pathogens.
One hundered twenty Gram –negative non lactose fermenter bacilli isolates have been collected from three hospitals at Baghdad city over three months. Primary identification of these isolates is performed by standard diagnostic methods (biochemical tests and API 20 NE); 19 clinical isolates of A. baumannii are cultured on CHROMagar (highly selective medium for detection of MDR Acinetobacter) as well as diagnoses is documented by using Vitek 2 system. Isolates are examined towards 11 different antibiotics. High resistance is recognized for most isolates. Detection of siderophore has been done by examining the isolates on M9 minimum medium; 5 isolates (26%) are producers for siderophore, the highest producing one is isolated from sputum and chosen to extract siderophore catecholate . (Ab5S) isolate is examined on specific synthetic medium for production then siderophore molecules are extracted by ethyl acetate .Weight of dried extract is determined (115 mg/ml) and siderophore chemical nature has been assessed which appeared as catecholate.
Levels of Serum Lipid profile and Kidney Function Tests in Iraqi Hypertensive Patients: Duration Effect Study
Authors: Murtadha Assist. Prof. Jinan Hussein
Published: June 2017

Hypertension is one of the leading causes of the global burden of disease, which causes serious health problems. The aim of this study is to investigate the lipid profile levels in sera of Iraqi hypertensive patients by measuring Total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoproteins (LDL) and kidney function levels by measuring uric acid, urea and creatinine. Seventy five individuals of Iraqi adults (Males) were divided into three groups: 25 hypertensive patients with duration of disease (1-10) year (group 1), 25 hypertensive patients with duration of disease (11-30) year (group 2) and 25 normal individuals as control group (group3). The findings indicate that serum (TC, TG and LDL) levels were significantly elevated (p ? 0.05) compared with healthy group and the values of them were significantly higher in group 2 than in group 1.This study also shows significant positive correlations between TC and TG, LDL (p ?0.01), (p ? 0.05)respectively. From collected data, a significant increase was found in the mean value of serum uric acid, urea and creatinine in hypertensive patients in two groups (1, 2) compared with control group and the levels of them were significantly higher in group2 than in group1 (p?0.01).The results also indicate strong correlations between parameters studied of kidney function tests ( p? 0.01). This study has shown that lipid profile and renal function levels abnormalities are highly prevalent among Iraqi hypertensive patients and also the effect of duration of disease on parameters was studied.
El delito de prevaricato en el Perú
Authors: Benavides Vargas Liz Patricia
Published: June 2017

En el presente artículo, la autora trata sobre la evolución del delito de prevaricato, desde su regulación en la antigua cultura romana, su codificación en el Digesto, así como regulación en el Código Penal de Santa Cruz de 1831, el Código Penal de 1864, el Código Penal de 1924, finalizando con su aplicación en la legislación nacional contemporánea.
Reflexiones sobre la economía verde. El New Deal Ecológico Mundial
Authors: Martínez Adriana Norma , Porcelli Adriana Margarita
Published: June 2017

En las últimas décadas, el crecimiento económico, el desarrollo industrial y las modernas tecnologías han aportado un nuevo grado de confort y bienestar a nuestra vida ocasionando un aumento del consumo de bienes y servicios. Sin embargo, este crecimiento económico se logró a expensas del agotamiento de los recursos naturales, permitiendo la pérdida generalizada de los ecosistemase ignorando a muchas personas que además de vivir en condiciones de pobreza dependen directamente de ellos. Algunas de las predicciones de lo que ocurrirá en este siglo XXI apuntan a un crecimiento de la población de hasta 9 700 millones en 2050; igualmente se incrementará el consumo per cápita, la pobreza, la desigualdad social, la degradación o el uso insostenible de los ecosistemas, y se acelerará el cambio climático. Por tanto, el mayor desafío en la actualidad consiste en conjugar los aspectos económicos, sociales y ambientales de las actividades humanas, tratar de progresar sin destruir el ambiente. El presente trabajo aborda la problemática actual y analiza un modelo económico alternativo denominado economía verde, sus características, mitosy realidades, y ejemplifica algunas prácticas destacables a nivel mundial para finalizar con las innovaciones en la temática desarrolladas particularmente en Argentina, tanto a nivel nacional como provincial. La metodología utilizada se organizó a partir de los ámbitos de análisis ambiental, social, económico e internacional, y consistió en el relevamiento de la bibliografía existente sobre el tema, elaboración y clasificación de conceptos teórico-técnicos específicos, recolección de información en fuentes secundarias e identificación de la normativa internacional, regional y nacional.
Evaluación docente desde la percepción del estudiante
Authors: Segovia Suller Cirilo , Cabello Acevedo Julia P.
Published: June 2017

La encuesta realizada en diciembre del 2016 tenía como fin estudiar las percepciones de los estudiantes de la Facultad de Derecho y Ciencia Política de la Universidad Alas Peruanas, respecto a la calidad de la enseñanza de los docentes de las diversas asignaturas. El problema planteado fue este: ¿existe una relación entre la evaluación del docente y la percepción de los estudiantes? El mismo que definió el objetivo de la investigación: determinar la relación entre ambas variables. Luego se formuló la hipótesis: la evaluación del docente se relaciona positivamente con la percepción de los estudiantes. La investigación fue descriptiva, prospectiva, transversal y analítica. De igual manera fue aplicada, relacional y no experimental. Se validó el instrumento para identificar,definir y medir el constructo, y se sometió al Alfa Cronbach para determinar la consistencia interna del instrumento. De igual manera, se aplicó la correlación de Pearson para medir el nivel de asociación de las variables en estudio, y se aplicó el p– valor para contrastar las hipótesis. La conclusión fue que la evaluación del docente se relaciona positivamente con la percepción de losestudiantes. En consecuencia, el docente debe aprovechar la evaluación de la labor educativa que realizan los estudiantes como una oportunidad para mejorar la calidad de la enseñanza-aprendizaje en el aula, y contribuir con mejorar la calidad del servicio educativo de la universidad.
The nonlinear progressive water pricing policy in Tunisia: equity and efficiency
Authors: Ben Zaied Younes , Bouzgarrou Houssam , Ben Cheikh Nidhaleddine , Nguyen Pascal
Published: June 2017

Economic theory and recent empirical evidence show that nonlinear progressive water pricing policies are the most useful tool to reduce water demand in water stressed countries. The originality of our paper is to implement Pedroni (1999) panel cointegration tests, using databases on a breakdown of two consumption blocks (a lower and an upper block) from the Tunisian water regulator over 27 years. The results reveal that increasing block tariffs have been successful in managing scarce water in Tunisia. The authors observe that, in the long-run, proportion of subscribers in the upper water consumption block decreases when price increases, while in the lower block, which is composed essentially of low-income households characterized by inelastic water demand, proportion of subscribers is less elastic to price changes and still unchanged. This paper calls for the implementation of nonlinear progressive pricing to reduce demand by large consumers in order to promote efficiency in use and to promote the access of poor consumers to the resource in order to promote equity.
Green modernization of Ukraine’s economy: analysis of barriers and drivers based on interviewing of the companies
Authors: Potapenko Vyacheslav , Khlobystov Yevgen , Kornatowski Robert
Published: June 2017

This article examines the need to design of the questionnaire for interviewing companies for analysis of barriers and prospects for development of green modernization of the economy of Ukraine. An objective of the study is to analyze existing strategies for the greening economy, the small and medium-sized enterprises’ awareness and special knowledge on environment. The authors observe that, despite the differences between the economic systems, Ukraine and Armenia, the countries of Eastern partnership, have common features of the post-Soviet management system and normative legislative base. The Government can help small and medium-sized enterprises to change their business practices and adapt to modern requirements, by “greening” the current strategy in the industry and innovation, promoting the concept of eco-efficient businesses and products and supporting the environmental innovation. The results reveal that in order to design a questionnaire for interviewing companies about barriers and drivers of green modernization of the economy, it is necessary to do a prior study on the basis of available data, results of research of international organizations and Ukrainian experts in order to compose a working hypothesis that will be a basis for design of the questionnaire.
Australian-made technology renews Sydney's oldest sewers
Authors: Monro J. , Simister M. , Stewart J.
Published: June 2017

Like all large cities around the world, Sydney's major underground sewers are deteriorating through age and reaching the end of their service life. To succeed in its vision to be the lifestream of Sydney for generations to come, Sydney Water's active sewer renewals program needs to renew underground sewers beneath heavily populated and environmentally sensitive areas. One of Sydney Water's pipeline rehabilitation contractors, Interflow, recently applied world class spiral wound lining technology to renew two of these sewers without excavation or interrupting services. This Australian made technology is pushing the boundaries in non-disruptive underground sewer renewal previously considered too difficult or impossible. The projects carried out for Sydney Water and discussed in this paper have twice received the International Society for Trenchless Technology's award for international project of the year.
Parametric, equilibrium and kinetic studies on the removal of mercury using ion exchange resin
Authors: Rajamohan N. , Rajasimman M.
Published: June 2017

This experimental research was an investigation into removal of mercury by using a strong acid cation resin, 001 × 7. Parametric experiments were conducted to determine the optimum pH, resin dosage, agitation speed and the effect of change in concentration in the range of 50–200 mg/L. High resin dosages favoured better removal efficiency but resulted in lower uptakes. Equilibrium experiments were performed and fitted to Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Langmuir model suited well to this study confirming the homogeneity of the resin surface. The Langmuir constants were estimated as qmax = 110.619 mg/g and KL = 0.070 L/g at 308 K. Kinetic experiments were modeled using Pseudo second order model and higher values of R2 (>0.97) were obtained. The Pseudo second order kinetic constants, namely, equilibrium uptake (qe) and rate constant (k2), were evaluated as 59.17 mg/g and 40.2 × 10−4 g mg−1 min−1 at an initial mercury concentration of 100 mg/L and temperature of 308 K.
Start-up of a decentralized pilot plant for the anaerobic treatment of domestic wastewater
Authors: Fröba L. , Vega M. , Groß F. , Delgado A.
Published: June 2017

This paper is about the set-up and start-up of a decentralized anaerobic pilot plant for producing domestic service water from domestic wastewater. The plant consists of a two-stage anaerobic digestion process for degrading organic matter and a third-stage for ammonium removal using the Anammox process. Each reactor was started independently with synthetic wastewater of stage-specific composition. They were then fed incrementally with municipal wastewater (MWW). The average removal efficiency of the two-stage digestion process operated with 100% MWW was 62% with 24-hour retention time. The Anammox stage achieved a maximum ammonium removal efficiency of 95% with 100% MWW, if the NO2-N to NH4-N ratio was set at 1.14. The plant was operated for 200 days. The average removal efficiencies were 81% for COD and 96% for NH4-N, with average treated effluent concentrations of 39 mg-COD/l and 1 mg-NH4-N/l. Thus the self-defined service water limits of 75 mg-COD/l and 10 mg-NH4-N/l were achieved easily.
An alternative method for estimating total impervious area in catchments using high-resolution colour aerial photography
Authors: Hartcher Michael G. , Chowdhury Rezaul K.
Published: June 2017

Estimation of total impervious area (TIA) is a pre-requisite for ecohydrological research to allow for a direct prediction on stream ecosystem health within catchments. This paper presents an alternative to using multi-spectral imagery for estimating TIA at a catchment scale, by using high-resolution colour aerial photography. The method was applied to a number of catchments in South East Queensland, Australia, some of which were gauged and some of which were part of an Ecosystem Health Monitoring Program (EHMP). The results from this method were compared to TIA estimates, for some of the same catchments, that were derived through three other techniques, i.e. manual digitization of geo-referenced aerial photos, Brisbane City Council data derived from image analysis using Landsat TM imagery and rainfall runoff depth relationship. The high-resolution colour aerial photography method compared favourably to the other techniques with standard deviations of TIA (%) ranging between 0.8% and 8%. The major constraints were shading effects, particularly on roads and grassed areas, and from the similarity in colours between some surface types, some of which can be reduced by appropriate selection of signature colours and multiple iterations of a supervised classification. It was concluded that while infra-red spectral wave bands could help considerably, the high-resolution colour photography could be applied with confidence to derive catchment-scale TIA estimates.
Leak-before-break in cast iron mains: a failure analysis of a catastrophic pipe burst on Harris Street, Sydney
Authors: Jiang R. , Robert D. , Hutchinson C. R. , Zhao X. L. , Kodikara J.
Published: June 2017

This article analyses the failure of a 500 mm-diameter cast iron (CI) water pipe that catastrophically fractured in Sydney in 2013. According to metallurgical analysis and finite element simulation, a longitudinal pre-existing crack initiated from the adjacent bell-joint and eventually propagated to a critical length in the pipe barrel over a certain period. There was evidence of leakage prior to the burst incident but information was inconclusive whether it was exactly from this pipe. Fatigue caused by cyclic internal pressure was considered as the predominant factor in leading to crack growth. A numerical model was developed to describe crack growth behaviour using Paris' law, and metallurgical analysis and mechanical tests were conducted to support this investigation. Based on the field evidence and simulation results, the leak-before-break approach might be applicable in CI pipes to avoid severe consequences of trunk main bursts.
Prompt assessment of the potential spawning areas of Sevan trout in the South-West part of Lake Sevan
Authors: Asatryan V. L. , Barseghyan N. E. , Dallakyan M. R. , Vardanyan T. V.
Published: June 2017

Sevan trout is an endemic fish species, registered in the Red Data Book of Armenian Animals as a ‘Critically Endangered’ species (IUCN category: CR A2cd) and is one of the most valuable fish of the Armenian ichthyofauna. For the purpose of preservation of this endangered fish species, rivers in the South-West part of Lake Sevan have been studied and their potential for spawning has been assessed through a relatively ‘cheap’ and ‘time-saving’ approach developed on the basis of hydrophysical, hydrochemical and hydrobiological studies. The results have shown that the highest potential to support natural reproduction of Sevan trout is in the middlestream part of Lichq river, as well as in the downstream part of Bakhtak river and the part of Bakhtak-Tsakqar system near the connection of the Bakhtak and Tsakqar rivers; however, all these areas need some remediation to achieve ‘high potential’.
Study of the degradation in aqueous solution of a refractory organic compound: avermectin type used as pesticide in agriculture
Authors: Boukhrissa Athir , Ferrag-Siagh Fatiha , Rouidi Lina-Mounia , Chemat Smaïn , Aït-Amar Hamid
Published: June 2017

We examined the removal of abamectin by the electro-Fenton (EF) process and the feasibility of biological treatment after degradation. The effect of the operating parameters showed that abamectin (Aba) degradation was enhanced with increasing temperature. Response surface analysis of the central composite design led to the following optimal conditions for the abatement of chemical oxygen demand: 45.5 °C, 5 mg L−1, 150 mA, and 0.15 mmol L−1 for the temperature, initial Aba concentration, current intensity, and catalyst concentration, respectively. Under these conditions, 68.01% of the organic matter was removed and 94% of Aba was degraded after 5 h and 20 min of electrolysis, respectively. A biodegradability test, which was performed on a solution electrolyzed at 47 °C, 9 mg L−1, 150 mA, and 0.15 mmol L−1, confirms that the ratio of biological oxygen demand/chemical oxygen demand increased appreciably from 0.0584 to 0.64 after 5 h of electrolysis. This increased ratio is slightly above the limit of biodegradability (0.4). These results show the relevance of the EF process and its effectiveness for abamectin degradation. We conclude that biological treatment can be combined with the EF process for total mineralization.
Effects and mechanistic aspects of absorbing organic compounds by coking coal
Authors: Ning Kejia , Wang Junfeng , Xu Hongxiang , Sun Xianfeng , Huang Gen , Liu Guowei , Zhou Lingmei
Published: June 2017

Coal is a porous medium and natural absorbent. It can be used for its original purpose after adsorbing organic compounds, its value does not reduce and the pollutants are recycled, and then through systemic circulation of coking wastewater zero emissions can be achieved. Thus, a novel method of industrial organic wastewater treatment using adsorption on coal is introduced. Coking coal was used as an adsorbent in batch adsorption experiments. The quinoline, indole, pyridine and phenol removal efficiencies of coal adsorption were investigated. In addition, several operating parameters which impact removal efficiency such as coking coal consumption, oscillation contact time, initial concentration and pH value were also investigated. The coking coal exhibited properties well-suited for organics' adsorption. The experimental data were fitted to Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms as well as Temkin and Redlich–Peterson (R-P) models. The Freundlich isotherm model provided reasonable models of the adsorption process. Furthermore, the purification mechanism of organic compounds' adsorption on coking coal was analysed.
Epigenetic Regulation of Gene Activity in Epithelial Cells of Nasal Mucous Membrane in Patients with Polypous Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Koshel Ivanna
Published: June 2017

Nowadays, a wide clinico-laboratory polymorphism of “polypous rhinosinusitis” is observed. It suggests the potential role of heredity in the formation of the disease indicating the necessity of studying the role of genetic factor in the formation of various clinico-pathogenic variants of polyposis in detail.The objective of the research was to study the degree of functional abnormalities in the epithelial cell genome of the nasal mucous membrane in patients with polypous rhinosinusitis using the cytogenetic methods.Materials and methods.The article presents the results of cytogenetic study of 70 patients with various types of polypous rhinosinusitis (aspirin-intolerant and allergic). Hereditary predisposition to the disease was determined applying clinical and genealogical analysis.Results.Significant differences in the quantitative characteristics of the functional state of the nasal epithelial cell genome by the criterion of chromatization indices, the nucleolar index, the indices of the heteropyknotic X chromosome and pathologically altered nuclei were found in patients with aspirin-intolerant polypous rhinosinusitis as compared to those with allergic polypous rhinosinusitis as well as the control group.The identified changes serve as a criterion of the reduction in the activity of the transcriptional-translational processes in aspirin-intolerant polypous rhinosinusitis.Conclusions.The studied changes in the parameters of the functional state of the epithelial cell genome in the nasal mucous membrane provided an objective confirmation of hypothesis about epigenetic nature of pathology formation.
Prevalence of Health Hazards: A Study on the Female Workers of Garment Industry in Gazipur District, Bangladesh.
Authors: Mahmud Md. Shohel , Rajath D. Vinay , Mahmud Rayhan , Jahan Mst. Nusrat , Hasan Md. Rownok , Rahman Kazi Md. Arifur
Published: June 2017

The present study tries to find out the prevalence of health hazards among the female workers of the garment industry in Gazipur district, Bangladesh. This study focused on two sub-districts, Sreepur and Kaliakoir, of Gazipur district. Data for this study were collected from 100 female garment workers of Gazipur district. This study observes female workers in the industry consistently suffer from a range of physical health complexities such as headache, eye problem, hand pain and respiratory difficulties. This study also analyses the causes and measures to solve the health issues of female workers of the garment industry.
The Extraction of Social Networks from Web Using Search Engines
Authors: Mohajer Faranak Salman
Published: June 2017

In this paper, our purpose is to create a large collection of related vocabularies and concepts to the user’s favorite field (articles, people, conferences, books, etc.) from the available information on the infinite and vast source of web which is expressed in the form of social network. In the other words, we introduced a way to help the researchers to be able to specify their favorite topic in a particular field and by this way, observe and extract the social network of the related concepts to that topic. In order to extract the nodes of this network, we used the sampling of web pages through the Google search engine, text processing techniques, and information retrieval. The topic of the extracted social network in this research is the scientific conferences in the field of computer sciences. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of this method, the extracted network from the results of the search engine is compared with the scientific conferences available in the DBLP[1] database. The obtained results from the social network analysis showed that the extracted network is of very high accuracy.[1] Digital Bibliography and Library Project
Micronutrients as an Innovation Opportunity for the Pharmaceutical Industry: A Case Study of Vitamin D in Brazil
Authors: Rabelo Heros Teixeira , Barroso Wanise Borges Gouvea , Magalhães Jorge Lima
Published: June 2017

This paper aims to demonstrate the micronutrients as an attractive alternative of innovation for Pharmaceutical Industries with limited resources. A case study of vitamin D as a pharmaceutical supplement is launched in the Brazilian Market. The results demonstrate that some opportunities of several new products for populations with nutritional deficiency—the so-called micronutrients for hidden hunger, that is any deficiency unnoticed where micronutrients assume metabolic functions in humans. This deficiency unnoticed lead to disease onset or an organism dysfunction. WHO estimate that more than 2 billion humans are affected by hidden hunger. Scientific studies show that these ills cause serious problems for pregnant women, elderly and children. Thus, the micronutrients in a normal diet comes up the news opportunities for pharmaceuticals industries as well as vitamin supplements. Pharmaceutical industry is the most innovative company in healthcare. Launcher a blockbuster as a new product through of radical innovation is so hard and with higher costs. In this sense, the micronutrients are an attractive alternative of innovation for pharmaceutical industries with limited financial resources. So, pharmaceutical supplements appear as an incremental innovation of known chemical substances.
Editorial
Authors: San Martin Córdova Iván
Published: June 2017

Hasta el número anterior, todas las ediciones de esta revista habían sido emisiones ordinarias y con periodicidad semestral, desde el primer “número 0” que tuvo su amanecer en febrero de 2010. La posibilidad de emitir un número extraordinario, si bien estaba contemplada desde sus orígenes, no parecía aún cercana, ya que implicaba un fuerte incremento en la consecución de artículos, una empresa que se tornaba harto difícil si se considera que la producción de textos científicos entre los arquitectos, urbanistas, arquitectos de paisaje y diseñadores industriales es aún escasa en Latinoamérica, en comparación con otras ramas del saber de las humanidades o las ciencias. También se había planteado en alguna ocasión por los miembros del Comité Editorial la posibilidad de realizar números temáticos, para agrupar las diversas miradas intelectuales y andamiajes disciplinares de sus autores en torno a un mismo tema, una empresa sin duda atractiva editorialmente hablando –ya que su futuro consumo parecería estar asegurado al dirigirse a un nicho académico que previamente comparte un interés común– pero que aún se presentaba inviable, ya que la recepción de artículos siempre ha sido aleatoria en cuanto a diversidad temática, por lo que cada número se suele integrar con los artículos aceptados que se tienen disponibles al momento del cierre de la edición, sin relación alguna en sus temas, disciplina del autor, origen geográfico o institución de proveniencia.
Densificación habitacional y procesos socio-espaciales en colonias populares
Authors: Valverde Valverda María del Carmen , Zárate López María de los Angeles , Zárate López María de los Angeles
Published: June 2017

Este trabajo se enfoca en el estudio del proceso de densificación habitacional en el con- texto de las colonias populares, con la finalidad de conocer las transformaciones que se generan en este ámbito particular de las ciudades. Se parte del análisis de los factores que impulsan la dinámica de consolidación y posterior densificación de las colonias populares; mismos que permiten entender las transformaciones socio-espaciales que se generan, entre las que se encuentran la aparición de nuevos modos de producción de la vivienda y la llegada de nueva población, impulsando una profunda transformación de los espacios en los que tiene lugar la densificación.
El caso de la vivienda para las emergencias
Authors: González Lobo Calos
Published: June 2017

A partir de experiencias profesionales recientes, y una trayectoria en el pensamiento arquitectónico latinoamericano, se presentan aquí algunas soluciones posibles que ayuden a atender la necesidad de habitabilidad inmediata de los damnificados en situaciones de emergencia. La solución tecnológica que aquí se propone debe ser apropiada y apropiable por los mismos usuarios, construida por ellos mismos, desde su etapa germinal como vivienda emergente, hasta su conversión en una casa unifa- miliar digna y perenne.
Factores generadores de cambio en los poblados del valle central de Puebla
Authors: Márquez Murad Juan Manuel
Published: June 2017

Las ciudades estudiadas en este trabajo son: Amozoc, Tepeaca, Acatzingo, Quecholac, Tecamachalco, Chalchicomula y Tehuacán. Fueron fundadas en el siglo XVI y tuvie- ron relevancia en la estructura de comunicación y comercio de la Nueva España y del México independiente. Se parte de considerar a los asentamientos como entes vivos que se transforman a través de su historia, de la misma manera que el grupo humano que las funda modifica su forma de vida. En este artículo las manifestaciones naturales y sociales que han modificado a los poblados históricos se han denominado: factores generadores de cambio y el objetivo es mostrar cómo estos han actuado y provocando que algunas de las poblaciones decrecieran en importancia y en algunos casos queda- ran aislados de las principales rutas de comercio. Finalmente, se trata de demostrar como a pesar de encontrarse en una región aparentemente homogénea (el valle central de Puebla) la destrucción de la traza original y del arquitectura patrimonial de la que han sido víctimas estas ciudades no se provoca de la misma manera ni por los mismos factores generadores de cambio.
Metodología para determinar esfuerzos de diseño del bambú
Authors: Hernández Hernández Agustín , Trujillo Barragán Magdalena
Published: June 2017

Como todo resultado nuevo, la metodología desarrollada ilustra que los procedimien- tos no nacen como un análisis definitivo, sino que resultan de un proceso evolutivo que se va nutriendo gradualmente de argumentos analíticos interpretados de manera crea- tiva, los cuales después se ilustran mediante la geometría y que permiten configurar una metodología consciente y segura, capaz de establecer un procedimiento unificado para obtener los esfuerzos de diseño, equivalente al valor modificado de resistencia especificado en las Normas Técnicas Complementarias para diseño y construcción de estructuras de madera y del Reglamento de Construcciones para el Distrito Federal. En la descripción de resultados se intercalan hallazgos obtenidos mediante pruebas de aplastamiento y estudios de microscopia óptica, ya que el bambú es un material ani- sótropo, formado por fibras longitudinales unidas por células denominadas parénqui- ma, menos resistentes, por ello el esfuerzo cortante resulta menor paralelo a la fibra. Durante la historia de la construcción ha funcionado en el género habitacional y tiene gran potencial de integrarse a la arquitectura actual donde algunas variantes se enfocan a cubrir mayores claros y a en- riquecer el juego geométrico. 
La tematización de la ciudad en torno a referentes patrimoniales materiales e inmateriales
Authors: Barrera Fernández Daniel , Arista Castillo Leticia
Published: June 2017

Los centros históricos de numerosas ciudades están asumiendo una renovada carga simbólica que se debe tanto al incremento del turismo urbano como a las estrategias de diferenciación y competitividad. Este proceso conlleva la tematización de los espa- cios más representativos apoyándose en una selección del patrimonio material más singular, la identificación con referentes inmateriales, el fomento de eventos y para lograr una coherencia global, la creación o renovación de una marca de ciudad. En la investigación se ha estudiado el peso de estos factores en tres ciudades de contextos distintos: Málaga, Plymouth y San Luis Potosí. Para ello se ha combinado el trabajo de campo con el análisis cualitativo de fuentes documentales. En los tres casos hay un pa- trón común de reducción de la imagen de la ciudad a un limitado grupo de referentes, así como la concentración del interés turístico y de las operaciones de remodelación en una pequeña área del centro histórico coherente con dicha imagen simbólica. Además, se constata el interés que supone desde el punto de vista del marketing ur- bano la creación de una marca de ciudad que englobe la vertiente tanto material como inmaterial de un único referente. 
Kilili
Authors: Elvridge Thomas Roxana
Published: June 2017

Poema
Adición de nanopartículas de minerales para el endurecimiento de cementos tipo Portland
Authors: Muciño Vélez Alberto , Orozco Mendoza Eligio Alberto
Published: June 2017

Se sabe que es posible aumentar la resistencia mecánica de pastas de cemento Portland ordinario, al mezclar polvo de cemento con agua desionizada y cierto porcentaje en peso de partículas submicrométricas de fosfato tricálcico, es decir, C3(PO4)2 o TCP, grado reactivo; sin embargo, este procedimiento no es viable económicamente para emplearse en la industria de la construcción por el costo de los reactivos. En este artículo mostramos que se obtiene el mismo resultado, al agregar partículas submi- crométricas generadas por la molienda de minerales de fósforo, a polvo de cemento mezclado con agua potable de la red. Esta sustitución permitiría fabricar de manera más barata y eficiente concretos de mayor resistencia mecánica para la industria de la construcción. 
Una unidad vecinal para trabajadores ferrocarrileros inspirada en Radburn
Authors: Escudero Morales Alejandrina
Published: June 2017

El movimiento llamado American City Planning determinó la planificación del Distrito Federal, ideada por el mexicano Carlos Contreras. En el proyecto de reorganización del sistema ferrocarrilero, el urbanista propuso una Estación Central Ferrocarrilera, destinando un espacio para la construcción de una unidad vecinal para los trabajado- res, que siguió el programa de Radburn, el modelo más influyente en el florecimiento de las nuevas ciudades estadunidenses. El objetivo del presente texto es reflexionar acerca del proyecto mexicano y su deuda con el estadunidense. 
Luis Barragán Morfín: Regionalist Architecture?
Authors: Santa Ana Lozada Lucia Gabriela
Published: June 2017

Luis Barragán Architecture has been considered by Theoreticians of Architecture as a Regionalist one, but is it really the case? Through the analysis of the correspondence, writings and interviews made to the architect along his life, this question search to be answered in this essay. 
La investigación urbana entre 1960 y 1990. Apuntes para un balance historiográfico comparado entre México y Colombia
Authors: Hernández Ciro Eulalia
Published: June 2017

La reflexión sobre las formas de producción de conocimiento en el campo de la investigación urbana ha sido un tema poco trabajado en la historiografía colombiana. A partir de la historia comparada y del cambio de escala de observación, este artículo exploratorio busca identificar algunas particularidades y generalidades de los estudios urbanos
en Colombia entre 1960 y 1990, situándolos en las trayectorias latinoamericanas y haciendo énfasis en algunos puntos comparativos con el caso de México. Esta mirada histórica y geopolítica permite desnaturalizar y cuestionar los modelos, teorías, metodologías y formas de producción
de conocimiento que han atravesado a Colombia y en general a América Latina, y avanzar en la comprensión de la complejidad de los fenómenos territoriales actuales y sus posibilidades de transformación.
Clase media y funcionalismo Apartamentos de bajo costo en la Ciudad de México, 1933-1942
Authors: Leal Menegus Alejandro
Published: June 2017

Entre 1933 y 1942 existió en la Ciudad de México una dinámica urbana que fomentó la construcción de edificios de apartamentos modernos de bajo costo. En el mismo periodo la arquitectura moderna fue aceptada por un espectro más amplio de la sociedad, al transformarse en una opción comercial y rentable para la clase media.
El estudio de estos edificios de apartamentos no sólo muestra la forma en que se extendieron las técnicas y sistemas constructivos modernos, sino la manera como se alcanzó un estilo de vida simplificado, moderno y urbano, al popularizarse una estética de la austeridad. Esta circunstancia se dio de forma paralela a la arquitectura
ornamental aún preponderante en el periodo. Asimismo, se
evidencia la existencia de un fenómeno cercano, pero no igual, al llamado funcionalismo, del que se distingue sobre todo por su falta de marco teórico e ideológico. De forma todavía más relevante, exhibe los mecanismos que promovieron esta arquitectura y el papel que jugaron los arquitectos como sus primeros promotores, al apostar por ella por convicción, y los ingenieros y otros constructores,
que posteriormente la impulsaron por encontrar en ella una
fórmula de negocio.
Evaluación de una prueba de biología molecular para la identificación de Mycobacterium tuberculosis y sensibilidad a medicamentos de primera y segunda línea en un hospital de alta complejidad
Authors: Peñata-Bedoya Adrián , Holguín-Velasquez Anlly , Atehortúa-Muñoz Santiago , Vergara-Aguilar Paula , Castaño-Sepúlveda Tatiana , Bustamante-Mira Julián , Ospina-Ospina Sigifredo
Published: June 2017

Objetivo: evaluar la utilidad de Anyplex™II_MTB/MDR/XDR para la detección de Mycobacterium tuberculosis y sensibilidad a medicamentos de primera y segunda línea, además del impacto en la conducta terapéutica en pacientes con sospecha de tuberculosis pulmonar atendidos en una institución de alta complejidad de Medellín, 2014–2015.Material y método: estudio descriptivo de corte trasversal retrospectivo, de pacientes en cuyo proceso de atención se les realizó: baciloscopia, cultivo OgawaKudoh, prueba molecular Anyplex™II_MTB/MDR/XDR y registro adecuado de historia clínica. Se realizaron medidas estadísticas descriptivas univariadas y de validez diagnóstica.Resultados: se incluyeron 156 muestras de 154 pacientes, de los cuales el 65,6% fueron hombres. El diagnóstico de ingreso más frecuente fue el Virus de la Inmunodeficiencia Humana (VIH) (46,1%).La sensibilidad y especificidad global fue del 96,36% (IC 95%. 90,51 – 100) y 90,51% (IC 95%: 83,62 – 96,38) respectivamente.Se detectó algún tipo de resistencia en el 12,6%. El 57% de los resultados fueron tomados en cuenta por el médico tratante para definir conductas terapéuticas.Discusión: se obtuvo una sensibilidad mayor respecto a otros estudios previos. Entre las limitaciones a destacar están: el diseño retrospectivo y la no disponibilidad de medios de cultivo líquido (MIGIT).Conclusiones: Anyplex™II_MTB/MDR/XDR fue útil en la identificación del complejo M. tuberculosis y sensibilidad a medicamentos en muestra directa. El resultado de la prueba influyó en la toma de conductas terapéuticas en más de la mitad de los pacientes con resultados positivos. La implementación de nuevas ayudas diagnósticas, deben estar en concordancia con las necesidades en la atención del paciente.
Brotes hospitalarios de bacterias resistentes a colistina: revisión sistemática de la literatura
Authors: Higuita-Gutiérrez Luis Felipe , Jiménez Quiceno Judy Natalia
Published: June 2017

Objetivo: la colistina se ha constituido en un medicamento de uso común en países endémicos en resistencia a carbapenémicos; sin embargo, con su uso ha emergido el reporte de resistencia. El objetivo de este estudio es describir los brotes hospitalarios por bacterias resistentes a colistinaMaterial y método: revisión sistemática de la literatura en cinco bases de datos siguiendo los criterios de la guía PRISMA de identificación, tamización, elección e inclusión.Resultados: Se identificaron 13 brotes en 7 países diferentes, 77% (n = 10) en Italia y Grecia, y 61,5% (n=8) en cepas de K. pneumoniae. Los pacientes presentaron condiciones de base, con múltiples comorbilidades y exposición afrecuente a los servicios de salud. Las pruebas y los criterios de susceptibilidad fueron variables, los mecanismos de resistencia que se encuentran simultáneamente con resistencia a colistina incluyen carbapenemasas y betalactamasas de espectro extendido. El genotipo predominante de acuerdo a MLST fue el ST-258.Conclusión: la emergencia de resistencia a colistina no se circunscribe a un grupo etario ni a una comorbilidad específica; sin embargo, se concentra en países  donde la resistencia a carbapenémicos es endémica. Esto permite alertar a las autoridades sanitarias y a los centros hospitalarios para establecer programas de vigilancia, prevención y control que permiten la detección y contención oportuna de esta problemática