bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A new species of Pupulina van Beneden, 1892 (Copepoda, Siphonostomatoida, Caligidae) from Aetobatus cf. narinari (Pisces, Myliobatidae) from the Pacific coast of Ecuador
Authors: Cruz-Quintana Yanis , Caña-Bozada Víctor , Suárez-Morales Eduardo , Santana-Piñeros Ana María
Published: July 2018

A new caligid copepod species, Pupulinamantensissp. n. is described based on female and male specimens collected from the gills of the myliobatid elasmobranch Aetobatuscf.narinari Euphrasen, 1790 captured off the Pacific coast of Ecuador. The new species has a unique combination of characters that diverges from its known congeners, including: (i) weakly developed posterolateral processes on the genital complex; (ii) large spines on posterior surface of maxilliped basis (iii) abdomen slender, unsegmented, approximately 1/2 length and 1/5 width of genital complex; (iv) third exopodal segment of leg II with single long naked spine adjacent to minute, naked lateral spine; (v) velum of leg II with adjacent patch of denticles; (vi) caudal rami slightly less than half the length of genital complex; (vii) post-antennal process with robust, posteriorly directed tine, sclerotized stump posterolaterally, and two multi-sensillate papillae located on or near base of process (viii) post-oral process oval. The overall prevalence of P.mantensissp. n. on its host was 37.5% and its mean abundance was 1.87 specimens per host. This is the second record of the genus Pupulina from Ecuador and the second record of Pupulina infecting rays of the Myliobatinae genus Aetobatus, of the subfamily Myliobatinae, after its discovery on A.ocellatus in Australia, thus confirming this expansion of its previously known host range to a new elasmobranch subfamily.
The evolution of China’s economic model and China’s modern banking history (1840-2007). An analysis based on investment incentives and risk control
Authors: Huang Chun , Wang Jue
Published: July 2018

Avant 1840, la Chine n’avait pas effectué sa transition vers la Révolution industrielle et son système monétaire différait du système monétaire occidental. Comme le révèle l’histoire bancaire de la Chine de 1840 à 1949, en dépit de plus de cent ans d’efforts, la Chine ne s’était pas dotée d’un modèle économique industriel moderne complet. Après 1949, la Chine détruisit le système commercial et bancaire moderne qui prenait juste forme ; le pays construisit un système fiscal et monétaire adapté à l’économie planifiée et établit progressivement une organisation industrielle fondée sur ce système. À partir de 1978, la Chine se remit à développer un système commercial moderne et, en 1993, rétablit un système bancaire moderne. Du point de vue des incitations à l’investissement et du contrôle des risques, l’évolution du modèle économique de la Chine constitue non seulement un processus d’apprentissage de la culture occidentale, mais aussi un processus de préservation et de développement de la culture traditionnelle.
The digital revolution and business behaviour: the case of Kodak versus Fujifilm
Authors: Yuzawa Takeshi
Published: July 2018

Dans les années 1960 et au début des années 1970, au moment du pic de formation de conglomérats, de nombreuses entreprises ont commencé à acquérir des sociétés de secteurs sans lien avec leur cœur de métier. Jusqu’au milieu des années 1970, il y eut peu de changement dans le haut du classement des grandes entreprises, mais ensuite, et jusqu’en 1995, plus de la moitié de ces entreprises perdirent du terrain en valeur absolue aussi bien qu’en termes relatifs. Dans le domaine de l’industrie cinématographique, à une violente concurrence mondiale s’est ajouté un changement technique d’envergure avec la numérisation. Dans ce contexte, la firme Eastman Kodak (Kodak), créée en 1880, qui était devenue le plus grand fabricant mondial de films et un emblème des entreprises états-uniennes, dut se placer en 2012 sous la protection du chapitre 11 de la loi sur les faillites. Les raisons de l’échec de Kodak sont analysées au travers d’une comparaison avec Fujifilm, le plus grand fabricant japonais de films. Alors que, jusqu’à présent, Kodak n’a pas réussi à s’adapter de façon adéquate, Fujifilm s’est transformé en une entreprise très rentable. Pourquoi Kodak a-t-il échoué et Fujifilm a-t-il subsisté ?
Une révolution dans la thérapie génique : chance ou danger pour l’homme ?
Authors: Leduc Mireille
Published: July 2018

La thérapie génique entre dans une ère nouvelle grâce à la technique CRISPR/Cas9. D’utilisation simple et d’un coût peu élevé, elle permet de modifier l’ADN non seulement des cellules somatiques mais aussi des cellules germinales et des embryons. Un certain nombre de scientifiques ont pris conscience qu’une telle technologie constituait un outil très puissant. En 2015, un sommet international à Washington a étudié les défis éthiques et scientifiques posés par la thérapie génique germinale humaine.
Prélèvements d’organes chez les personnes décédées : évolutions législatives
Authors: Labeye Vanessa
Published: July 2018

Le prélèvement et la greffe d’organes relèvent du domaine de la bioéthique. Leur réalisation touche à la mort et à la re-naissance ; elle interroge chacun sur ses relations avec son corps et met en jeu les ressorts de ses convictions les plus intimes. Les questions ainsi soulevées mettent en évidence des conflits de valeurs ; elles ont trait à l’autonomie de la personne et à sa liberté de choix, au désir de sauver des vies et à la solidarité, en résonance avec les fondements de notre société républicaine « liberté, égalité et fraternité ». Mais le prélèvement pose aussi la question de la vulnérabilité des proches, ainsi que celles du poids de l’atteinte au corps pour le bénéfice d’autrui et de la dignité de la personne décédée.
Character: We Are All Works in Progress
Authors: Jones-Schenk Jan
Published: July 2018

As more is learned about the brain as it relates to learning science, educators have more information about the inputs that make significant differences in student achievement. Although much of what has been learned comes from K–12 education, higher education and professional development educators are finding that the power of positive psychology adds value in all forms of education.

J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2018;49(8):343–344.
Peace Culture?
Authors: Leeper Steven Lloyd
Published: July 2018

The term peace culture is used freely in Hiroshima and around the UN but remains inadequately defined and envisioned. This chapter will examine the concept in depth. It will distinguish peace culture from the dominant war culture, explain why peace and peace culture are still such anemic ideas, offer philosophical or rational reinforcements, recommend concrete peace-culture-promoting actions, and offer a realistic, feasible peace-culture world vision. The author will defend the proposition that global graduation from the current war culture to a genuine peace culture is required to prevent human extinction before the end of this century. Thus, the primary purpose of this chapter is to encourage the immediate, nonviolent overthrow of the violent status quo.
Peace Education and Education for Peace
Authors: Minch Michael
Published: July 2018

This chapter presents a theory, and summary of the contents, of peace education and education for peace—two domains of education designed to build peace and justice. The author offers examples and illustrations in respect to both educational strategies. An argument is then pursued. Here, an appeal to move to structuralist and systemic interrogation, analysis, and change is enjoined. If peace education and education for peace function only at the level of third party interventions, for example, mediation and negotiation, sufficient change necessary for conflict transformation and peace will not materialize. Lastly, an argument for the embrace and engendering of imaginative and innovative strategies is presented as necessary to effective peacebuilding and peace education.
Implementing and Assessing Transformative, Multidimensional Peace Language Activities Designed for Future Teachers and Their Students
Authors: Olivero Maria Matilde , Oxford Rebecca L.
Published: July 2018

This chapter reports on a study exploring the value of preparing pre-service teachers of English as a foreign language (EFL) to teach peace in their classrooms in an Argentine setting. The practicum approach drew on elements of the contemplative, holistic, and experiential learning modes to incorporate multidimensional peace language activities to raise awareness of peace and help pre-service teachers become peacebuilders. Four purposefully selected participants practiced peace language activities in the practicum and implemented similar activities in their EFL classrooms. Data were collected through various qualitative sources before, during, and after the practicum, and were subjected to thematic and content analysis. Results showed that the four participants felt the peace activities were transformational both for language students and for themselves. However, two participants were distinctly more adept than the other pair in weaving the peace activities into their teaching. The chapter offers explanations and draws significant educational implications.
Dismantling Cultural Walls
Authors: Billups Christie
Published: July 2018

Stories are powerful means of building relationships among people. When human beings feel connected, community is formed. The author, an Assistant Professor of Theology, examines the potential for dismantling cultural walls through her theology course, Faith Behind Bars, via letter-writing as sources of transformative narratives, circles as means of critical reflection, and community-building as a key predecessor to activism. Stories, rituals within peace circles, and the strength of kinship bind learners in the class to one another and community members in shared comprehension of injustices and the desire to change systems. It is a spirit of compassion and investment in relationships that spurs people to act as peacebuilders, both independently and collectively. Experiences, connection, and knowledge all contribute to a responsive and practical theology that is relevant and contributes to building peace and nurturing justice.
Art and Agency
Authors: Cockrell-Abdullah Autumn
Published: July 2018

This chapter places the practices of Kurdish visual artists working in Iraqi Kurdistan within the historical context of the Iraqi state and discusses the production of artwork, particularly the creation of the Museum of Modern Art and the Sulemani International Film Festival, as they demonstrate the transitional nature of power and the struggle for cultural dominance within Iraqi Kurdish society. Once the sole or major patron of most artwork produced in Iraqi Kurdistan, the government is no longer funding most projects. The loss of this major patron has significantly changed the relationship between government (patron) and artist (client) creating opportunities for artists to develop alternative sources of support. The work of these artists reveals the struggle of a nation to transform historical relationships of power and to develop a sustainable civil society and a long-term, sustainable peace.
Promoting Peace in the Middle-East Through the Field of Transitional Justice
Authors: Bracka Jeremie M.
Published: July 2018

This chapter examines the role and potential contribution of transitional justice to promoting peace in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. From the experience of many post-conflict societies, it has now become prevailing wisdom that meaningful peace, requires due regard for justice and a carefully conceived process to re-establish the rule of law and accountability for human rights abuse. Nevertheless, such considerations have been all but absent in political peace efforts in the Middle East. Accordingly, this chapter highlights the unique goals of the transitional justice model, and its capacity to apply a retrospective and restorative approach to peace building. By attaching transitional justice to intractable issues like the Palestinian right of return, the refugees, and the historical record, negotiators could draw on a restorative justice model to defeat the present stalemate. It proposes an unofficial bi-national Israeli-Palestinian truth commission (IPTC) to play a pivotal role in reshaping collective memory and supporting the viability of any future political agreement.
Concept of Automated Support to Problem
Authors: Vlasov Andrey Igorevich , Juravleva Ludmila Vasilievna , Shakhnov Vadim Anatolievich
Published: July 2018

The chapter deals with the concept of training for technicians, able to adjust to ongoing changes in the manufacturing environment. It is proposed to apply the systematic approach with a targeted use of collected methods and acmeological planning in a learning process when extra time is found owing to interdisciplinary integration and increased self-learning. Such planning is done with crosscutting design and problem-modular training with cross-rated instruction materials and learning outcomes. Education information systems are recommended as tools (like those based on modular object-oriented dynamic learning environment according to shareable content object reference model standard) together with automated information systems for self-learning, business and role plays with methods to rate career guidance and multimedia aids as learning tools.
CSRP
Authors: Martynov Vitaly Vladimirovich , Sakál Peter , Skuratov Alexey , Filosova Elena Ivanovna , Zaytseva Alena Alekseevna , Zakieva Elena Shavkatovna
Published: July 2018

This chapter proposes a new model of managing educational institutions' activities to provide staffing needs: customer synchronized resource planning (CSRP). It describes a technology that rebuilds the learning process in order to reduce the time needed to prepare staff adequately with the competencies required by employers as requested by the economy sector. At present the development of an open system for the educational institution is being carried out. This system is able not only to create an educational program dynamically, which allows us to get the right number of specialists with the desired competencies in the minimum period, but also to rebuild the agency's management system for new tasks: to generate the necessary training materials, make changes in the timetable, and rebuild the educational portal by adding new data.
Virtual Practices, Virtual Laboratories, and Virtual Internship Experience in Engineering Training
Authors: Alekseev Konstantin Pavlovich , Hanley Gerard L. , Kiyasov Nurlan Muratovich , Platonov Valeriy Nikolaevich
Published: July 2018

This chapter considers the current state, types, and relevance of modern virtual laboratories, virtual practices, and training in higher engineering education. The four types of virtual laboratories are considering. This work also offers examples of virtual scientific and engineering processes simulation laboratories and virtual remote laboratories, virtual practices, and internship. It analyzes the experience of universities and companies in the virtual laboratories, virtual practices, and internship. Particularly interesting for online learning platforms are the virtual laboratories of edX and the National Platform for Open Education. Finally, the chapter provides recommendations on the development of shared knowledge centers for collective use of virtual installations and laboratories, on ways of remote participation in collaborative work with real unique installations, and on participation in the distributed research unique installations and data processing tools. The authors also indicate directions of the development of supportive virtual internship programs for students.
Teamwork Behavior
Authors: Tsoutsa Paraskevi , Fitsilis Panos , Ragos Omiros
Published: July 2018

Teamwork has become an important research field and its contribution to organizational performance has attracted attention of researchers from several disciplines. The development and application of newly emerged technologies such as Industry 4.0, Internet of Things, and cyber physical systems create additional concerns for teamwork which claim to be integrated into existing models. The objective of this chapter is to advance research on teamwork, by facilitating researchers with a review which identifies the key factors that affect teamwork behavior both in human and in agent-based teamwork models, while indicating if and how they are inter-related. A review of related studies was conducted, and, as a result, a range of factors that affect teamwork behavior to both human and agent-based models was identified and analyzed. From the analysis, stand out factors that gain attention while newly-appeared factors are determined from recent studies about models shift towards dynamic and realistic environments. These discoveries point to new aspects of teamwork behavior.
Compressive Spectrum Sensing
Authors: El-Khamy Said E. , el-Malek Mina B. Abd , Kamel Sara H.
Published: July 2018

In this chapter, the authors discuss how compressive sensing can be used in wideband spectrum sensing in cognitive radio systems. Compressive sensing helps decrease the complexity and processing time and allows for higher data rates to be used, since it makes it possible for the signal to be sampled at rates lower than the Nyquist rate and still be reconstructed with high accuracy. Different sparsifying bases for compressive sensing are presented in this chapter and their performance is compared. The design of these matrices is based on different types of wavelet transforms, including the discrete wavelet transform and the stationary wavelet transform; the latter having shown a clear improvement in performance over the former. The authors present different ways of implementing these transforms in a compressive sensing framework. Additionally, different types of reconstruction methods including the genetic algorithm and the auxiliary function method are also presented and their impact on the overall performance is discussed.
A Novel Meta-Integrative Platform for Effective Disaster Management
Authors: Venkatesan Srikanth , Rajabifard Abbas , Lam Nelson , Gad Emad , Goldsworthy Helen , Griffin Ged
Published: July 2018

Disaster management is recognized as a complex task. Despite current facilities and advancements, each disaster continues to frustrate the government and the community. Well-known issues include lack of awareness, direction, preparation and planning, response, recovery, and policy vacuum, besides many other factors. Other issues include emerging drivers of change such as globalization, climate change, technology, social construct, global finance, and education. Despite the recognition of such complex issues, the pace of disaster management strategies seems to be inadequate. This is mainly due to the lack of an approach that can integrate the myriad of issues with the roles and responsibilities of stakeholders such as governments, practitioners, and the community. This chapter identifies a spatially enabled platform as a tool to overcome the aforementioned issues. A preliminary roadmap with “stakeholder position” as the central point of integration is presented. It is anticipated that the roadmap will provide governments and decision makers with the direction needed for future planning.
Mitigation of Seismic Accelerations by Soft Materials Embedded in the Ground
Authors: Brennan Andrew J. , Klar Assaf , Madabhushi S. P. Gopal
Published: July 2018

Seismically induced accelerations are greatly affected by the transmission through soil layers. The stiffness and damping of the material beneath a structure can therefore influence the seismic loads experienced in the structure. Recently, there has been interest in the use of very low shear stiffness materials in subsoil beneath structures in order to act as a filter to seismic motions, but there is significant skepticism as to its practicability. In this chapter, some notable contributions are discussed, and some work showing the physical modelling and numerical modelling of a soft-material scheme that showed initial promise is presented. This is seen to be readily modelled as a simple mass-spring system, which could be applied to other similar cases. Future challenges include development of a suitable material for the purpose, and reliably proving static stability.
Geographies of e-Government in Europe
Authors: Warf Barney
Published: July 2018

Government use of the internet – e-government – varies considerably in its degrees of sophistication. This article explores the spatiality of e-government in Europe. It first situates the topic within wider theorizations of geographies of cyberspace. Second, it reviews e-government and its implications. Third, it turns to the digital divide in Europe. Fourth, it maps national e-government readiness and e-participation scores and correlates them with socio-economic measures. Fifth, it provides several overviews of successful West European e-government programs. It concludes by emphasizing that e-government must be approached geographically in a manner tailored to different national contexts.
A Unified Feature Selection Model for High Dimensional Clinical Data Using Mutated Binary Particle Swarm Optimization and Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Puyalnithi Thendral , Vankadara Madhuviswanatham
Published: July 2018

This article contends that feature selection is an important pre-processing step in case the data set is huge in size with many features. Once there are many features, then the probability of existence of noisy features is high which might bring down the efficiency of classifiers created out of that. Since the clinical data sets naturally having very large number of features, the necessity of reducing the features is imminent to get good classifier accuracy. Nowadays, there has been an increase in the use of evolutionary algorithms in optimization in feature selection methods due to the high success rate. A hybrid algorithm which uses a modified binary particle swarm optimization called mutated binary particle swarm optimization and binary genetic algorithm is proposed in this article which enhanced the exploration and exploitation capability and it has been a verified with proposed parameter called trade off factor through which the proposed method is compared with other methods and the result shows the improved efficiency of the proposed method over other methods.
The Design of a Cloud-based Clinical Decision Support System Prototype
Authors: Barigou Baya Naouel , Barigou Fatiha , Benchehida Chawki , Atmani Baghdad , Belalem Ghalem
Published: July 2018

The authors developed a mobile cloud-based clinical decision support system for drug poisoning in children. The system has a Client/Server architecture and provides a mobile application and a web service to be deployed on the Amazon Cloud infrastructure. Physicians benefit from a user interface to input patient data and to receive diagnosis and treatment protocol. The objective of this article is to help doctors, and particularly the beginners to manage and to treat children suffering from drug poisoning when toxicity is known or unknown. To do this, an intelligent system is developed. It is composed of an expert system, used when the toxic drug is known, and a case-based reasoning system applied when the toxic being ingested is unknown
Privacy Preserving Classification of Biomedical Data With Secure Removing of Duplicate Records
Authors: Tarik Boudheb , Zakaria Elberrichi
Published: July 2018

Classifying data is to automatically assign predefined classes to data. It is one of the main applications of data mining. Having complete access to all data is critical for building accurate models. Data can be highly sensitive, such as biomedical data, which cannot be disclosed or shared with third party, because it can harm individuals and organizations. The challenge is how to preserve privacy and usefulness of data. Privacy preserving classification addresses this problem. Collaborative models are constructed over networks without violating the data owners' privacy. In this article, the authors address two problems: privacy records deduplication of the same records and privacy-preserving classification. They propose a randomized hash technic for deduplication and an enhanced privacy preserving classification of biomedical data over horizontally distributed data based on two homomorphic encryptions. No private, intermediate or final results are disclosed. Experimentations show that their solution is efficient and secure without loss of accuracy.
Exploring Health Services With the Help of a Work Systems Lens
Authors: Welch Christine
Published: July 2018

The challenges of providing universal health care in modern society is a subject of concern among citizens, patients and health professionals alike. It is discussed among politicians of every persuasion. While there may be little agreement on the way forward, there is at least agreement that this is a ‘wicked' problem that defies a simple solution. Optimal solutions to many separate problematic situations will probably not result in a satisfactory dissolution of the ‘mess.' Open systems approaches are required, recognizing that organizations subsists from moment to moment as a reflection of interactions among people and technologies. As part of such an inquiry, work systems methods may be useful as a vehicle for reflection and comparison.
Investigations Into Slum Tourism
Authors: Privitera Donatella
Published: July 2018

This article aims at providing a deep understanding of various aspects of inquiry related to slum tourism or poverty tourism. The visit of favela or slum into a destination is a complex and challenging practice. Touring the poor is increasingly and variously organized by tour operators, local slum communities, and non-governmental organizations. The slum has joined the real of attractions, a sight to see. The research uses a qualitative approach to explore slum tourism in general as well as case study. The Web's effect on tourism is obviously rather important. Moreover, taking “Reality Tours and Travel” - a operator slum websites - as a case, this study attempts to explore issues of the quality of strategic choices on the web. Whilst academic discussion on the theme is evolving rapidly, slum tourism on the web is still a relatively young area of research.
Dynamic Light Scattering and Zeta Potential Studies of Ceria Nanoparticles
Authors: Habib Ishaq Yusuf , Kumara N.T.R.N. , Lim Chee Ming , Mahadi Abdul Hanif
Published: July 2018

A Cerium (IV) oxide nanoparticle (nanoceria) is widely used in different applications such as biomedicine and catalysis due to its unique structural, morphological and catalytic properties. In this report, the dispersion of nanoceria in both aqueous and non-aqueous (methanol and ethanol) media were studied. Adsorption-desorption processes were observed upon addition of different classes of surfactants such as citric acid (CA), cetrimonium bromide (CTAB) and diethanolamine (DEA). Stable dispersions were obtained in both aqueous, non-aqueous and electrolyte assisted media with the overall mechanism being hydrolysis, dissolution and adsorption. XRD, FE-SEM, FTIR and DLS have been used in the present study to characterize the nanoceria and to quantitatively analyze their average particle size distributions in a unique electrolyte mixture of (0.1 M NaOH/ 65% HNO3:H2O, 1:1 v/v) which has not been reported previously. The surface charge study was carried out across a wide pH range between 1.4 – 9.6 and the isoelectric points (IEP) with respect to 15 ml H2O and 50 ml H2O dispersed phases occurred at a pH of about 6.5 and 6.7 respectively. The present study could be useful in a wide range of applications including nanoparticle synthesis, stabilization, and adsorption of toxic materials, biomedical and pharmaceutical.
Optimal Manufacture Formulas for Waste Tire after Pyrolysis and Lightweight Composites after its Combustion Utilization in Sequence through Statically Analyses
Authors: Chen Kuo Wei , Chen Ching Shun , Huang Jung Jie
Published: July 2018

The present research will be included in molding condition of temperature, pressure etc. in addition to heat of combustion test and improve strength of the Lightweight Composites by the adhesives with waste tire after pyrolysis. The results can serve as a reference to the Waste tire pyrolysis ash Lightweight Composites by production process design. Basically, take extrusion molding technique and sintering, the Lightweight Composites are produced for the ash from the Waste tire pyrolysis after combustion utilization. This study uses the Taguchi Methods to find the best formula, from product performance analysis and process technology manufacturing, The Lightweight composite material meets the expectations of the commercial market, As a reference for future research. This study use three variable, include adhesive, molding temperature, molding pressure .In the choice of adhesive, the study selected chemically modified starch adhesive, Melamine - urea - formaldehyde co - condensation resin, Isocyanate adhesives. This study was learned by Taguchi rule, the best formula for the Isocyanate adhesives, molding temperature at 135°C, molding pressure at 3.5kg/cm2. In the above conditions made by the lightweight composite material, with excellent bending strength and water resistance, In the fire performance on the more traditional wood-plastic board. From the commercial market point of view, the lightweight composite materials not only have the characteristics of fire resistance, good bending resistance, waterproof characteristics. In the material cost, because the processing technology to enhance, effectively reduce manufacturing costs, more commercial market competitiveness.
The Phagocyte Oxidase Controls Tolerance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
Authors: Olive Andrew J. , Smith Clare M. , Kiritsy Michael C. , Sassetti Christopher M.
Published: July 2018

Protection from infectious disease relies on two distinct strategies: antimicrobial resistance directly inhibits pathogen growth, whereas infection tolerance protects from the negative impact of infection on host health. A single immune mediator can differentially contribute to these strategies in distinct contexts, confounding our understanding of protection to different pathogens. For example, the NADPH-dependent phagocyte oxidase (Phox) complex produces antimicrobial superoxide and protects from tuberculosis (TB) in humans. However, Phox-deficient mice display no sustained resistance defects to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, suggesting a more complicated role for NADPH Phox complex than strictly controlling bacterial growth. We examined the mechanisms by which Phox contributes to protection from TB and found that mice lacking the Cybb subunit of Phox suffered from a specific defect in tolerance, which was caused by unregulated Caspase-1 activation, IL-1β production, and neutrophil influx into the lung. These studies imply that a defect in tolerance alone is sufficient to compromise immunity to M. tuberculosis and highlight a central role for Phox and Caspase-1 in regulating TB disease progression.
Airway Epithelial Cell Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor γ Regulates Inflammation and Mucin Expression in Allergic Airway Disease
Authors: Lakshmi Sowmya P. , Reddy Aravind T. , Banno Asoka , Reddy Raju C.
Published: July 2018

Airway epithelial cells (AECs) orchestrate inflammatory responses to airborne irritants that enter the respiratory system. A viscous mucus layer produced by goblet cells in the airway epithelium also contributes to a physiological defense mechanism through the physical and chemical barriers it provides. Dysregulation or impairment in these functions has been implicated as a cause of the chronic inflammation and tissue remodeling that constitute major pathological features of asthma. In particular, mucus hypersecretion leading to airway obstruction and impaired pulmonary function is associated with morbidity and mortality in asthma patients. Peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is a ligand-activated transcription factor involved in a variety of cellular processes. Accumulating evidence indicates that PPARγ agonists antagonize exaggerated inflammatory responses, yet PPARγ’s precise role in airway remodeling/mucus hypersecretion has yet to be defined. In this study, we created an AEC-specific PPARγ (AEC-PPARγ) deletion to investigate PPARγ’s functions in a murine model of allergic airway disease. AEC-PPARγ deficiency exaggerated airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, cytokine expression, and tissue remodeling. We also found that PPARγ directly bound to a PPAR response element found in MUC5AC and repressed gene expression. Likewise, PPARγ regulated mucin and inflammatory factors in primary human bronchial epithelial cells. In light of the current standard therapies’ limited and inadequate direct effect on airway mucus hypersecretion, our study showing AEC-PPARγ’s role as a transcriptional repressor of MUC5AC highlights this receptor’s potential as a pharmacological target for asthma.
Тотальная ограниченность по Пуассону
решений систем дифференциальных
уравнений и вектор-функции Ляпунова
Authors: Lapin Kirill Sergeevich
Published: July 2018

В работе введены понятия тотальной ограниченности по Пуассону,
частичной тотальной ограниченности по Пуассону и частичной
тотальной ограниченности по Пуассону решений с частично
контролируемыми начальными условиями. На основе метода
вектор-функций Ляпунова получены достаточные признаки
тотальной ограниченности по Пуассону, частичной тотальной
ограниченности по Пуассону и частичной тотальной ограниченности
по Пуассону решений с частично контролируемыми начальными
условиями. Как следствия получены достаточные признаки указанных
выше видов тотальной ограниченности решений по Пуассону,
основанные на методе функций Ляпунова.
Библиография: 13 названий.
PreTeXt
Authors: Beezer Robert A.
Published: July 2018

PreTeXt is an XML vocabulary for scholarly documents. A key feature is the rigorous separation of presentation and content. This results in conversions to a variety of outputs, including print, PDF, HTML, EPUB, and Jupyter.

While still under heavy and rapid development, it is stable enough to have been used for numerous textbook projects. We are also in a position to be able to report on aspects of its design and implementation.
Easing the road to declarative programming in XSLT for imperative programmers
Authors: Braaksma Abel
Published: July 2018

As most programmers learn their trait in mainstream languages like C, C#, Java or nowadays in Python, PHP, Objective-C or Ruby, it is sometimes challenging to switch the mindset from such imperative languages to the declarative nature of XSLT. In this talk I will represent a way to map your imperative mindset to the declarative and functional one of XSLT and XPath.

We will be revisiting the structure of an XSLT stylesheet and how you can understand its flow from an imperative standpoint, or how to make changes to existing stylesheets without resorting to frustratingly deeply nested xsl:if and and xsl:choose elements. You may already have come to understand that you should not think in opening and closing tags, but instead in trees and traversals, but if you haven't then this may help you get there.

In imperative languages you tell the computer what to do, step by step. In declarative and functional languages, you tell the computer what result you wish for, and how it depends on your input. You guide the processor with a soft hand and give it suggestions, instead of imperatively making finite decisions for the compiler one by one. There's no need to become a fully fledged functional programmer and understand all its paradigms before you can be relatively versatile with writing effective XSLT stylesheets. I hope this talk will provide insights that help both the seasoned XSLT programmer and the beginning or interested imperative programmers to improve their skills and, most importantly, to not be afraid of the wolf.
CETEIcean: TEI in the Browser
Authors: Cayless Hugh , Viglianti Raffaele
Published: July 2018

CETEIcean is a Javascript library designed to render TEI XML in a modern web browser. It does not rely on XSLT or XQuery transformations of the source and is ideal for a distributed, web-based document preparation workflow.
Documentation of XSLTs with Code Intelligence
Authors: Chakkera Vasu
Published: July 2018

We benefit more from documenting why certain functionality was implemented, or coded in a particular way in an XSLT stylesheet, than from the typical “what the code does” comment. K7:XSLTDocEngine is a personal project (non-commercial) to create XSLT stylesheet documentation from both inline stylesheet comments and documentation living outside the stylesheet. The external documentation lives in XML files, written in a variant of DocBook, that are generated by script and populated by XSLT analysts. These files are then used to generate configurable HTML documentation that provides the text as well as 1) hyperlinks to named templates, global variables and functions, imported/included templates and 2) reports of code violations such as potentially overridden functions, single-expressions, unused variables, and the like. Code violation criteria are defined in user-configurable rule sets.
Scaling XML Using a Beowulf Cluster
Authors: Chelsom John J. , Chelsom Jay H.
Published: July 2018

We describe a series of experiments which test the performance and scalability of an XML records system deployed on a Beowulf cluster of open source XML databases. Using the open source cityEHR health records system as an example, we first ran experiments to determine the feasibility and optimal size of database instances running on Raspberry Pi and low-cost Intel computers. We describe the implementation of a Data Access Layer for create, read, query and delete operations, using XForms submissions, which encapsulates all database access. We then present the results of testing the scalability and performance of this implementation on clusters of one to sixteen physical database nodes. We conclude that Beowulf clustering provides an effective and cost-efficient mechanism for scaling XML records systems.
Metaphors We Code By
Authors: Holstege Mary
Published: July 2018

Computer information and software are abstractions. We comprehend them through the use of metaphors. Different metaphors lead us to understand our information and our processing of it in different ways. They lead us to focus on certain aspects of the experience over other aspects.

This paper examines some metaphors we use to talk about markup. Being mindful of what our metaphors are telling us implicitly allows us to see what we are missing. By taking the metaphor a little too seriously, we can look to the non-metaphorical domain as a source of inspiration for good practices.
The 100 Year Web: In Praise of XML
Authors: Pemberton Steven
Published: July 2018

It’s about sixty years since the start of public computing; fifty years since the term “software crisis” was coined; Europe is celebrating thirty years of the internet this year; and we’re celebrating twenty years of XML this year too. It is a milestone year for XML, and an important juncture as well. The last W3C XML WG has finished its work. What next? Where should we be heading, what do we want to achieve next, and how should we do it?
YAMC? Why are we here? Why are we here again?
Authors: Usdin B. Tommie
Published: July 2018

There is nothing new about markup, or even generic markup. (I have been working with generic markup for 40 years!) So what is there to talk about after all this time? What are we accomplishing by gathering at Balisage: The Markup Conference? Why do some of us find events like this one valuable? What can you do to make it valuable to you and to the others here? Not only is markup old hat, XML is 20 years old, and some people in the outside world keep trying to tell us that its time has passed.

Groups are still gathering to create shared markup vocabularies in order to enable high quality information sharing. Scholars are using bespoke markup vocabularies to enable them to focus on the works they are reading, interpreting, and writing. Trendy end user displays are being populated by solid maintainable XML content. An ever-improving tool set is available to users of marked-up documents. We learn from each others’ projects, tools, techniques, and experiences — and enjoy the process!
TEI
Authors: Bauman Syd
Published: July 2018

TEI, the Text Encoding Initiative, was founded in 1987 to develop guidelines for encoding machine-readable texts of interest to the humanities and social sciences. The Text Encoding Initiative (TEI) is a text-centric community of practice in the academic field of digital humanities, operating continuously since the 1980s. The community currently runs a mailing list, meetings and conference series, and maintains an eponymous technical standard, a journal, a wiki, a GitHub repository and a toolchain. The TEI Guidelines, which collectively define an XML format, are the defining output of the community of practice. The format differs from other well-known open formats for text (such as HTML and OpenDocument) in that it’s primarily semantic rather than presentational.
DocBook
Authors: Walsh Norman
Published: July 2018

DocBook is a general purpose XML schema particularly well suited to books and papers about computer hardware and software (though it is by no means limited to these applications). DocBook has been under active maintenance for more than 20 years,; it began life as an SGML document type definition. Because it is a large and robust schema, and because its main structures correspond to the general notion of what constitutes a “book,” DocBook has been adopted by a large and growing community of authors writing books of all kinds. DocBook is supported “out of the box” by a number of commercial tools, and there is rapidly expanding support for it in a number of free software environments. These features have combined to make DocBook a generally easy to understand, widely useful, and very popular schema. Dozens of organizations are using DocBook for millions of pages of documentation, in various print and online formats, worldwide.
Power Cylinder Oil Consumption: Transport Mechanisms
Authors:   Piston and Ring Standards Committee
Published: July 2018

This document covers oil transport mechanisms from the power cylinder system which might affect oil consumption. It will not discuss in detail the oil consumption mechanisms from other systems or engine components.
Utilidad de las proyecciones climáticas generadas por AEMET para estudios de impacto del cambio climático sobre avenidas a escala nacional
Authors: Garijo C. , Mediero L. , Garrote L.
Published: July 2018

La evaluación preliminar del riesgo de inundación deberá tener en cuenta el efecto del cambio climático en la incidencia de inundaciones, según la Directiva de Inundaciones. La Agencia Estatal de Meteorología (AEMET) española ha regionalizado algunas variables suministradas por varios modelos climáticos globales en España, mediante dos métodos de regionalización estadística. La utilidad de esta regionalización, en cuanto a las precipitaciones, reside en el ajuste que tengan a los datos observados en el periodo de control (1961-2000). Para ello, se ha realizado una comparación en base a una serie de estadísticos. Los resultados muestran que, aunque el ajuste es bueno para valores medios anuales, los valores máximos anuales de precipitación para ambas regionalizaciones no son adecuados, ya que los modelos simulan un clima con precipitaciones máximas anuales inferiores, menor variabilidad de los extremos y una gran incertidumbre en la caracterización de los valores más extremos.
A Comparison of the Corrosion Response of Zinc-Rich Coatings with and Without Presence of Carbon Nanotubes Under Erosion and Corrosion Conditions
Authors: Wang Dailin , Sikora Elzbieta , Shaw Barbara
Published: July 2018

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy tests were conducted on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) enriched zinc-rich epoxy coating and a commercial zinc-rich coating. Coating performances were examined after exposure to a corrosive environment (a CO2 saturated aqueous electrolyte with 2,000 ppm chloride concentration and pH 3.5 to 5.3) at an elevated temperature of 60°C. The coatings’ response after solid particle impingement erosion was also studied. Equivalent circuit models were proposed to elucidate the degradation mechanisms of the zinc-rich coatings under the synergic effect of corrosion and erosion. Results showed that the addition of CNTs into zinc-rich coatings provided better barrier protection for the steel substrate than traditional zinc-rich coatings in the noneroding environment. However, the CNT-filled zinc-rich epoxy coatings did not provide adequate protection when the coated specimens were exposed to an erosive and corrosive environment. CNTs could help with maintaining continuous electrical paths within zinc-rich coatings; however, the conductivity of the coating decreased significantly when zinc particles were partially oxidized. When defects caused by erosion are present in the coatings, CNTs may form galvanic couples with the steel and thus increase the corrosion rate of steel substrate.
Lagrangian simulations of the transport of young air masses to the top of the Asian monsoon anticyclone and into the tropical pipe
Authors: Vogel Bärbel , Müller Rolf , Günther Gebhard , Spang Reinhold , Hanumanthu Sreeharsha , Li Dan , Riese Martin , Stiller Gabriele P.
Published: July 2018

Abstract. We have performed backward trajectory calculations and simulations with the 3-dimensional Chemical Lagrangian Model of the Stratosphere (CLaMS) for two succeeding monsoon seasons using artificial tracers of air mass origin. With these tracers we trace back the origin of young air masses (age
Development of an incoherent broadband cavity-enhanced absorption spectrometer for in situ measurements of HONO and NO2
Authors: Duan Jun , Qin Min , Ouyang Bin , Fang Wu , Li Xin , Lu Keding , Tang Ke , Liang Shuaixi , Meng Fanhao , Hu Zhaokun , Xie Pinhua , Liu Wenqing , Häsler Rolf
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Gaseous nitrous acid (HONO) is an important source of OH radicals in the
troposphere. However, its source, especially that during daytime hours
remains unclear. We present an instrument for simultaneous unambiguous
measurements of HONO and NO2 with high time resolution based on
incoherent broadband cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy (IBBCEAS). To
achieve robust performance and system stability under different environment
conditions, the current IBBCEAS instrument has been developed with
significant improvements in terms of efficient sampling as well as resistance
against vibration and temperature change, and the IBBCEAS instrument also has
low power consumption and a compact design that can be easily deployed on
different platforms powered by a high-capacity lithium ion battery. The
effective cavity length of the IBBCEAS was determined using the absorption of
O2-O2 to account for the “shortening” effect caused by the
mirror purge flows. The wall loss for HONO was estimated to be 2.0 % via
a HONO standard generator. Measurement precisions (2σ) for HONO and
NO2 are about 180 and 340 ppt in 30 s, respectively. A field
inter-comparison was carried out at a rural suburban site in Wangdu, Hebei
Province, China. The concentrations of HONO and NO2 measured by
IBBCEAS were compared with a long optical path absorption photometer (LOPAP)
and a NOx analyzer (Thermo Fisher Electron Model 42i), and the
results showed very good agreement, with correlation coefficients (R2)
of HONO and NO2 being ∼0.89 and ∼0.95, respectively; in
addition, vehicle deployments were also tested to enable mobile measurements
of HONO and NO2, demonstrating the promising potential of using
IBBCEAS for in situ, sensitive, accurate and fast simultaneous measurements
of HONO and NO2 in the future.