bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative transcriptome analysis of Indian domestic duck reveals candidate genes associated with egg production
Authors: Bhavana Karippadakam , Foote Dustin J. , Srikanth Krishnamoorthy , Balakrishnan Christopher N. , Prabhu Vandana R. , Sankaralingam Shanmugam , Singha Hijam Surachandra , Gopalakrishnan Achamveetil , Nagarajan Muniyandi
Published: June 2022

Egg production is an important economic trait and a key indicator of reproductive performance in ducks. Egg production is regulated by several factors including genes. However the genes involved in egg production in duck remain unclear. In this study, we compared the ovarian transcriptome of high egg laying (HEL) and low egg laying (LEL) ducks using RNA-Seq to identify the genes involved in egg production. The HEL ducks laid on average 433 eggs while the LEL ducks laid 221 eggs over 93 weeks. A total of 489 genes were found to be significantly differentially expressed out of which 310 and 179 genes were up and downregulated, respectively, in the HEL group. Thirty-eight differentially expressed genes (DEGs), includingLHX9, GRIA1, DBH, SYCP2L, HSD17B2, PAR6, CAPRIN2, STC2,andRAB27Bwere found to be potentially related to egg production and folliculogenesis. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis suggested that DEGs were enriched for functions related to glutamate receptor activity, serine-type endopeptidase activity, immune function, progesterone mediated oocyte maturation and MAPK signaling. Protein–protein interaction network analysis (PPI) showed strong interaction between 32 DEGs in two distinct clusters. Together, these findings suggest a mix of genetic and immunological factors affect egg production, and highlights candidate genes and pathways, that provides an understanding of the molecular mechanisms regulating egg production in ducks and in birds more broadly.
Importance of underweight in childhood bacterial meningitis in Finland, Latin America and Angola
Authors: Roine Irmeli , Kallio Markku , Peltola Heikki , Pelkonen Tuula
Published: June 2022

Our objective was to explore the importance of underweight on the course of childhood bacterial meningitis (BM) at different study sites, because prior studies showed discrepant results. Using directly comparable, prospective data from three continents, weight-for-age z-scores (WAZ) were determined by WHO Anthro programs in children with BM in Finland (N = 318), LatAm (N = 580), and Angola (N = 780) and compared with data describing the admission, course, and outcome of BM. WAZ < –1 indicates underweight; either mild (< –1 to –2), moderate (< –2 to –3), or severe (< –3). The mean WAZ (SD) was 0.17 (1.17), –0.42 (1.53), and –1.36 (1.44), and the prevalence of moderate-severe underweight 2.8%, 12.6%, and 31.3%, in Finland, LatAm, and Angola, respectively. In univariate analysis, LatAm and Angola showed an association between lower WAZ and poorer condition on admission, slower recovery, and more deaths. In Finland, infrequent underweight limited meaningful analysis. In multivariate analysis of different variables for increasing the odds of death, severe underweight had lower odds compared to disease severity in Angola, but highest in LatAm. Thus, the apparent discrepancy in underweights´ importance for increasing deaths varied from primary to more secondary according to locally more prominent risks.
Factors associated with women’s preferences for labor epidural analgesia in Singapore: a survey approach
Authors: Tan Chin Wen , Ozdemir Semra , Sultana Rehena , Tan Claire , Tan Hon Sen , Sng Ban Leong
Published: June 2022

Epidural analgesia provides effective pain relief during labor. However, there is limited information on the factors associated with pregnant women’s preferences for labor epidural analgesia (LEA) prior to labor onset. We performed a secondary analysis of a clinical trial to identify demographic characteristics, pain and psychological vulnerability factors associated with preferences for LEA. Pregnant women at ≥ 36 weeks’ gestation prior to labor and delivery were recruited and given questionnaires on their LEA preferences, psychological and pain vulnerabilities. The primary outcome was the association between pre-delivery Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) with cut-off ≥ 10 and LEA preference. Of the 250 women recruited, 51.6% (n = 129) indicated “yes to LEA”. Amongst those considering LEA as an option to reduce labor pain, women who preferred to use LEA (n = 129) indicated favorable or neutral opinion. Additionally, 68% (n = 82) from those “no to LEA” or “not sure about LEA” still gave either favorable or neutral opinion for LEA (p < 0.0001). The multivariate logistic regression analysis found that EPDS ≥ 10 (p < 0.01), occupation (p = 0.03), ethnicity (p < 0.01), state anxiety (p = 0.02), mode of current pregnancy (unplanned; planned, assisted; planned, natural; p = 0.03) and premenstrual anger/irritability before current pregnancy (p = 0.02) were associated with LEA preference. The findings may help to define the population that may require further education on considering LEA and allow early identification on different LEA preferences to provide patient centric care prior to labor and delivery.
Bioflocculant produced by Bacillus velezensis and its potential application in brewery wastewater treatment
Authors: Agunbiade Mayowa , Oladipo Babatunde , Ademakinwa Adedeji Nelson , Awolusi Oluyemi , Adesiyan Ibukun Modupe , Oyekola Oluwaseun , Ololade Olusola , Ojo Abidemi
Published: June 2022

This study was designed to evaluate the potential of bioflocculant producing strains isolated from wastewater sludge. According to the Plackett–Burman design, the response surface revealed glucose, magnesium sulfate, and ammonium sulfate as critical media components of the nutritional source, whereas the central composite design affirmed an optimum concentration of the critical nutritional source as 16.0 g/l (glucose), 3.5 g/l magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (MgSO4.7H2O), and 1.6 g/l ammonium sulfate ( (NH4)2SO4), yielding an optimal flocculation activity of 96.8%. Fourier Transformer Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis confirmed the presence of hydroxyl, carboxyl and methoxyl in the structure of the bioflocculant. Additionally, chemical analysis affirmed the presence of mainly a polysaccharide in the main backbone of the purified bioflocculant with no detection of protein. Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis affirmed the presence of chlorine, phosphorous, oxygen and chlorine as representatives of elemental composition. Thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis revealed over 60% weight was retained at a temperature range of 700 °C. The purified bioflocculant remarkably removed chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand and turbidity in brewery wastewater. This study suggested that the bioflocculant might be an alternate candidate for wastewater treatment.
A lightweight YOLOv3 algorithm used for safety helmet detection
Authors: Deng Lixia , Li Hongquan , Liu Haiying , Gu Jason
Published: June 2022

YOLOv3 is a popular and effective object detection algorithm. However, YOLOv3 has a complex network, and floating point operations (FLOPs) and parameter sizes are large. Based on this, the paper designs a new YOLOv3 network and proposes a lightweight object detection algorithm. First, two excellent networks, the Cross Stage Partial Network (CSPNet) and GhostNet, are integrated to design a more efficient residual network, CSP-Ghost-Resnet. Second, combining CSPNet and Darknet53, this paper designs a new backbone network, the ML-Darknet, to realize the gradient diversion of the backbone network. Finally, we design a lightweight multiscale feature extraction network, the PAN-CSP-Network. The newly designed network is named mini and lightweight YOLOv3 (ML-YOLOv3). Based on the helmet dataset, the FLPSs and parameter sizes of ML-YOLOv3 are only 29.7% and 29.4% of those of YOLOv3. Compared with YOLO5, ML-YOLOv3 also exhibits obvious advantages in calculation cost and detection effect.
Nationwide longitudinal population-based study on mortality in Italy by immigrant status
Authors: Di Napoli Anteo , Ventura Martina , Grande Enrico , Frova Luisa , Mirisola Concetta , Petrelli Alessio
Published: June 2022

A systematic analysis of the mortality of immigrant residents throughout Italy has never been carried out. The present study aimed to evaluate differences in mortality by immigrant status. A longitudinal study of the Italian resident population (native and immigrants) recorded in the 2011 National Institute of Statistics Census was conducted. This cohort was followed up from 2012 to 2018 until death, emigration, or end of the study period. The exposure variable was the immigrant status, measured through citizenship, dichotomized into Italian and immigrant. The main outcome was overall and cause-specific mortality. Age-standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated. The SMRs among immigrants were half that of Italians, both for men (SMR 0.52) and women (SMR 0.51), with the lowest SMRs observed for subjects from North Africa and Oceania. For some causes of death, mortality was higher among immigrants: tuberculosis in both men (SMR 4.58) and women (SMR 4.72), and cervical cancer (SMR 1.58), complications of pregnancy, childbirth, and puerperium (SMR 1.36), and homicide (SMR 2.13) for women. A multivariable quasi-Poisson regression analysis, adjusted for age and macro area of residence in Italy, confirmed a lower all-cause mortality for immigrants compared to Italians, both for men (RR 0.46) and women (RR 0.44). Although immigration to Italy is no longer a recent phenomenon, and the presence of immigrants is acquiring structural characteristics, our study confirms their health advantage, with a lower mortality than that of Italians for almost all causes of death and for all areas of origin.
Prebiotic Amphiphiles: The Systems Chemistry Perspective
Authors: Fiore M.
Published: June 2022

Amphiphilic compounds and in particular phospholipids are supposed to play principally only a structural role, however they represent an evolutionary and non-negligible step in life emergence. Progress in the past decades with the advent of systems chemistry approaches has led to a deeper understanding of these unique hydrophobic molecules and their roles in biochemistry. Today the growing interest in “prebiotic lipidomics” calls for a new assessment of these relevant biomolecules.
New Directions for an Experimental Approach to the Chemistry of the Origin of Life
Authors: Danger G. , Le Sergeant d’Hendecourt L. , Vinogradoff V. , Pascal R.
Published: June 2022

Organic matter is formed in molecular clouds from which planetary systems arise as well as in planetary environments. Most of these locations are not likely to harbour life, questioning the genuine prebiotic character of the corresponding chemistry and its relevance to the origin of life. The formation of organic matter does therefore not necessarily constitute a systemic trend towards life in our Universe. However, its sluggish reactivity at low temperatures is likely to have allowed the delivery of volatile elements essential for life at the surface of planets like the Earth. Kinetic selection may also have played a role for sorting specific active species or complex catalytic processes during the self-organization preceding life owing to the kinetic barriers hindering the reactions of covalent bonds and holding the system in a far-from-equilibrium state. As a result of both processes, early environments on telluric planets that exhibit other essential factors, namely, liquid water and light as an energy source, may then become favourable to the origin of life. In both processes, reactivity matters as much, if not more, than structures. Next to focusing on the synthesis of building blocks, emphasis must be placed on reactivity for identifying networks involving autocatalysis, replication, or positive feedback.
Simple and sensitive determination of sulfites in Chinese herbal teas by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Yang Leiwenxuan , Hu Gaohua , Huang Yali , Wang Chen , Liu Xin , Lu Chengyin , Chen Hongping , Zhang Jianyang , Ma Guicen
Published: June 2022

Chinese herbal teas have been widely consumed for centuries. However, sulfite levels in Chinese herbal teas are rarely reported. Here, a simple and sensitive determination method of sulfites in Chinese herbal teas has been successfully developed.
Direct conversion of glycerol to n-propanol over a tandem catalytic dehydration–hydrogenation system
Authors: Solos Thanasak , Methiritthikul Napanot , Homla-or Chanakran , Duangchan Preedawan , Choojun Kittisak , Sooknoi Tawan
Published: June 2022

Direct dehydration–hydrogenation of glycerol to n-propanol can be achieved under atmospheric H2 over a tandem catalytic system containing HZSM-5 (Si/Al ∼13) and supported Ni catalysts.
Recent development towards alkene hydroformylation catalysts integrating traditional homo- and heterogeneous catalysis
Authors: Zhao Kang , Wang Xinzhi , He Dongcheng , Wang Hongli , Qian Bo , Shi Feng
Published: June 2022

This mini-review provides the recent progress towards catalysts for the hydroformylation of catalysts that bridge traditional homo- and heterogeneous catalysis, highlighting the future development of heterogeneous catalysts in hydroformylation.
Closing the loop in the synthesis of heteroscorpionate-based aluminium helicates: catalytic studies for cyclic carbonate synthesis
Authors: Gaona Miguel A. , de la Cruz-Martínez Felipe , Caballero María P. , Francés-Poveda Enrique , Rodríguez Ana M. , Rodríguez-Diéguez Antonio , North Michael , Castro-Osma José A. , Lara-Sánchez Agustín
Published: June 2022

Novel polynuclear helical aluminium complexes supported by bulky heteroscorpionate ligands have been designed.
Identification of novel umami molecules via QSAR models and molecular docking
Authors: Xiu Hongxia , Liu Yajie , Yang Huihui , Ren Haibin , Luo Bowen , Wang Zhipeng , Shao Hong , Wang Fengzhong , Zhang Jingjian , Wang Yutang
Published: June 2022

Umami substances can increase the overall taste of food and bring pleasure to people.
Citrus Fruits as Source of Novel Bioactive Peptides: in-vitro and in-silico Analysis of Atheroprotective Potentials
Authors: Salekeen Rahagir , Akhter Fouzia , Islam Md Emdadul , Rahman S M Mahbubur , Islam Kazi Mohammed Didarul , Billah Md. Morsaline
Published: June 2022

Recent empirical knowledge on pathophysiological mechanisms for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ACVD) has prompted the necessity of new therapeutic interventions of mitigating the global ACVD epidemic. Natural peptides from citruses have...
Correction: Degradation conceptualization of an innovative perovskite solar cell fabricated using SnO2 and P3HT as electron and hole transport layers
Authors: Reddy P. Vijendar , Giri Pratibha , Tiwari J. P.
Published: June 2022

Correction for ‘Degradation conceptualization of an innovative perovskite solar cell fabricated using SnO2 and P3HT as electron and hole transport layers’ by P. Vijendar Reddy et al., New J. Chem., 2022, https://doi.org/10.1039/d2nj02274e.
Regio- and diastereoselective access to densely functionalized ketonesviathe Boekelheide rearrangement of isoxazolineN-oxides
Authors: Ushakov Pavel Yu. , Ioffe Sema L. , Sukhorukov Alexey Yu.
Published: June 2022

A “renewed isoxazoline route” toward densely functionalized ketones avoiding the use of unstable and hazardous nitrile oxide intermediates has been developed.
A new approach to 10-arylated 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepines using syn-selective hydrohalogenation of ethynylaniline
Authors: Iwai Kento , Mukaijo Yusuke , Asahara Haruyasu , Nishiwaki Nagatoshi
Published: June 2022

A new synthetic approach to 10-arylated dibenzo[b,f]azepines was demonstrated, which includes syn-selective pseudo-intramolecular hydrohalogenation of ethynylaniline, Suzuki–Miyaura cross coupling and Ullmann-type intramolecular coupling.
Characterization of a coumarin C-/O-prenyltransferase and a quinolone C-prenyltransferase from Murraya exotica
Authors: Li Na , Liu Xiao , Zhang Mingliang , Zhang Zekun , Zhang Beibei , Wang Xiaohui , Wang Juan , Tu Pengfei , Jiang Yong , Shi She-po
Published: June 2022

Two new prenyltransferases were characterized from M. exotica. MePT1 catalyses the simultaneous formation of C- and O-prenylated products from coumarins, MePT2 regio-specifically generates 3-C-dimethylallylated products from quinolone alkaloids.
Preparation and characterization of pure phase CdMnTe nanopowders by a hydrothermal route
Authors: Yu Pengfei , Shao Tingquan , Liu Wenfei , Gao Pandeng , Jiang Biru , Zhao Shiwei , Han Zhao , Gu Xuanbing , Zheng Jiahong
Published: June 2022

CdMnTe high-quality and pure phase nanopowders, with diameters of 20 nm to 100 nm, were synthesized by a hydrothermal route using mercapto propionic acid as the stabilizer. A CdMnTe single crystal was produced by melting method and flash sintering using CdMnTe nanopowder.
Mechanistic study of the solubilization effect of basic amino acids on a poorly water-soluble drug
Authors: Alsalhi Mohammed Suleiman , Royall Paul G. , Chan Ka Lung Andrew
Published: June 2022

Amino acids have shown promising abilities to form complexes with poorly water-soluble drugs and improve their physicochemical properties for a better dissolution profile through molecular interactions.
Diplumbane-catalysed solvent- and additive-free hydroboration of ketones and aldehydes
Authors: Zhang Guoqi , Li Sihan , Zeng Haisu , Zheng Shengping , Neary Michelle C.
Published: June 2022

A group 14 compound, diplumbane [Pb(CH2SiMe3)3]2, was synthesized and characterized, and it catalytic application for the efficient hydroboration of ketones and aldehydes was demonstrated for the first time.
Correction: Coumarin derivatives inhibit the aggregation of β-lactoglobulin
Authors: Parvej Hasan , Begum Shahnaz , Dalui Ramkrishna , Paul Swarnali , Mandal Barun , Sardar Subrata , Sepay Nayim , Maiti Gourhari , Chandra Halder Umesh
Published: June 2022

Correction for ‘Coumarin derivatives inhibit the aggregation of β-lactoglobulin’ by Hasan Parvej et al., RSC Adv., 2022, 12, 17020–17028, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2RA01029A.
Electronic structure analysis of electrochemical CO2reduction by iron-porphyrins reveals basic requirements for design of catalysts bearing non-innocent ligands
Authors: Tarrago Maxime , Ye Shengfa , Neese Frank
Published: June 2022

This computational study elucidates the role played by ligand non-innocence in CO2reduction on the basis of analyses of electronic structure evolution of highly efficient iron-tetraphenylporphyrin and ten other transition metal complexes, all bearing non-innocent ligands.
Unexpected molecular diversity of brown carbon formed by Maillard-like reactions in aqueous aerosols
Authors: Tang Shanshan , Li Feifei , Lv Jitao , Liu Lei , Wu Guangming , Wang Yarui , Yu Wanchao , Wang Yawei , Jiang Guibin
Published: June 2022

We found unexpected molecular diversity of brown carbon formed by Maillard-like reactions in aqueous aerosols, and carbonyl precursors play a more important role in determining the molecular diversity of brown carbon.
Charge storage mechanisms of a π–d conjugated polymer for advanced alkali-ion battery anodes
Authors: Kapaev Roman R. , Zhugayevych Andriy , Ryazantsev Sergey V. , Aksyonov Dmitry A. , Novichkov Daniil , Matveev Petr I. , Stevenson Keith J.
Published: June 2022

Charge storage mechanisms of NiBTA, a 1D π–d conjugated polymer derived from benzenetetramine, are studied in Li-, Na- and K-based batteries with a set of advanced experimental and computational methods.
A novel A–DA′D–A bifunctional small molecule for organic solar cell applications with impressive photovoltaic performance
Authors: Lv Junfang , Chen Yuhao , Guo Xia , Qiu Jinjing , Zhang Zhiliang , Wang Jianqiu , Liang Haiyan , Zhang Liu , Zhu Lei , Liu Feng , Zhang Maojie
Published: June 2022

A bifunctional small molecule BPM1 was synthesized. When BPM1 functions as an acceptor and a donor, the corresponding devices achieve the best PCEs of 7.1% and 14.8%, respectively, which are the highest values for OSCs based on bifunctional materials to date.
Fabrication of porous imidazole polymerized ionic liquids with fast ion diffusing kinetics for super lithiation anode materials in lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Wang Yeji , Yang Gege , Jiang Fei , Qiu Tianpei , Liu Qian , Zhou Le , Yang Chaofan , Huang Junjie , Dai Guoliang
Published: June 2022

Porous imidazole polymerized ionic liquids (PILs-Im) with fast Li+diffusion kinetics and numerous molecular pores have been used as anodes in lithium-ion batteries for the first time.
A review on recent effort of conductive EMI suppression methods in high‐frequency power converters
Authors: Xu Shiyun , Xu Shengyou , Xu Dalin , Qian Qinsong , Sun Weifeng , Zhu Jing
Published: June 2022

High‐frequency power converters with high switching frequency and compact layout are characterised by high power density and high efficiency, which is superior to conventional converters in many aspects. However, the management of electromagnetic interference (EMI) is a significant limitation for their widespread application. Recent conductive EMI suppression methods are reviewed in this paper. The mechanisms and characteristics of the reviewed methods are discussed in detail. Then, the EMI attenuation of the mentioned methods is compared from the perspective of attenuation band, attenuation amplitude, and cost respectively. It is demonstrated that both the source and the propagation path have a significant impact on EMI problems in performance of high‐frequency power converters. Several suggestions can be proposed based on the reviewed researches. Firstly, both the potential matching method and the balance winding method in transformer design can achieve a significant EMI reduction at all frequencies within the frequency range of conducted EMI. Secondly, spread‐spectrum modulation techniques are suggested to be applied in MHz converters instead of constant frequency control. Thirdly, the reviewed gate driver optimisation methods have a remarkable EMI suppression effect at high frequencies and still work for the suppression of radiated EMI. Finally, filters can have a reduced volume if the reviewed methods are applied.
Particle energization in colliding subcritical collisionless shocks investigated in the laboratory
Authors: Fazzini A. , Yao W. , Burdonov K. , Béard J. , Chen S. N. , Ciardi A. , d’Humières E. , Diab R. , Filippov E. D. , Kisyov S. , Lelasseux V. , Miceli M. , Moreno Q. , Orlando S. , Pikuz S. , Ribeyre X. , Starodubtsev M. , Zemskov R. , Fuchs J.
Published: June 2022

Context. Colliding collisionless shocks appear across a broad variety of astrophysical phenomena and are thought to be possible sources of particle acceleration in the Universe.

Aims. The main goal of our experimental and computational work is to understand the effect of the interpenetration between two subcritical collisionless shocks on particle energization.

Methods. To investigate the detailed dynamics of this phenomenon, we performed a dedicated laboratory experiment. We generated two counter-streaming subcritical collisionless magnetized shocks by irradiating two Teflon (C2F4) targets with 100 J, 1 ns laser beams on the LULI2000 laser facility. The interaction region between the plasma flows was pre-filled with a low-density background hydrogen plasma and initialized with an externally applied homogeneous magnetic field perpendicular to the shocks. We also modeled the macroscopic evolution of the system via hydrodynamic simulations and the microphysics at play during the interaction via particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations.

Results. Here, we report our measurements of the plasma density and temperature during the formation of the supercritical shocks, their transition to subcritical, and their final interpenetration. We find that in the presence of two shocks, the ambient ions reach energies around 1.5 times of those obtained with single shocks. Both the presence of the downstream zone of the second shock and of the downstream zone common for the two shocks play a role in the different energization: the characteristics of the perpendicular electric fields in the two areas indeed allow for certain particles to continue being accelerated or, at least, to avoid being decelerated.

Conclusions. The findings of our laboratory investigation are relevant for our understanding of the energy distribution of high-energy particles that populate the interplanetary space in our solar system and the very local interstellar medium around the heliopause, where observations have indicated evidence of subcritical collisionless shocks that may eventually go on to collide with one another.
Decoding millimetre-wave spectra of 2-iminopropanenitrile, a candidate for astronomical observations
Authors: Luková K. , Kolesniková L. , Koucký J. , Vávra K. , Kania P. , Guillemin J.-C. , Urban Š.
Published: June 2022

Aims. The recent detection of cyanomethanimine in the interstellar medium makes its methyl derivative, 2-iminopropanenitrile (CH3C(CN)NH), a promising candidate for an interstellar detection. The aim of this work is to extend the current knowledge of the laboratory rotational spectrum to higher frequencies, which is an essential prerequisite for an identification of the molecular species in the interstellar medium by millimetre-wave astronomy.

Methods. The room-temperature rotational spectrum of 2-iminopropanenitrile has been measured in several frequency regions between 128 and 329 GHz. The A–E splittings of the rotational transitions arising from the methyl top internal rotation were analysed employing the ERHAM and XIAM programs.

Results. A dataset of approximately 900 newly assigned rotational transitions in the ground state of the Z isomer and a set of refined molecular constants, including the internal rotation parameters, are reported. Moreover, this work provides the first spectral characterisation of the less stable E isomer ground state, as well as the three lowest-lying vibrationally excited states of the Z isomer, v21 = 1, v14 = 1, and v20 = 1. This comprehensive spectroscopic study will allow a search for 2-iminopropanenitrile in the millimetre-wave surveys of interstellar sources, such as those recorded by the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array.
Assessment of the dynamics of the physical and functional state of athletes of the highest category in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic based on the use of digital technologies
Authors: Andrianova Raisa I. , Fedoseev Dmitrii V. , Lenshina Marina V. , Kolotilshchikova Svetlana V. , Filonenko Natalia.V. , Stepanova Tatiana A.
Published: June 2022

The aim of the study was to monitor the reaction of athletes to COVID-19 and to develop a methodology for monitoring the physical and functional condition of highly qualified basketball team players in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic. The relevance of the study lies in the fact that in professional sports today, a methodology for assessing the physical and functional state of athletes in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic is only being formed. Of particular interest is the application of digital technology, since it gives accurate and objective results. The technique developed in the course of the study can be used not only to analyze the condition of highly qualified basketball players, but also for athletes of other team sports volleyball, handball, football and others.
Analysis of the structural feature of rhythmicity in 8-10 year-old children with Down syndrome
Authors: Kosheleva M.V.
Published: June 2022

The paper substantiates the idea that the set rational rhythm of movements creates favorable conditions for the organization of motor activity. The insufficient level of its formation affects the activity of physiological systems, and results in significant energy expenditure with minimal results. A promising approach for solving the problem of developing rhythmicity in 8-10 year-old children with Down syndrome is to form the following varieties of the ability: individual rhythm; collective rhythm; rhythm in exercises with musical accompaniment. The paper analyses the results of testing the structural feature of rhythmicity in children with developmental disabilities. The change in the level of rhythmicity in children with Down syndrome of the experimental group was registered. The best results were achieved for the rhythmic exercises performed with musical accompaniment, the difference in the arithmetic mean values between the stages of the experiment was 1.37 points. In the control group with mental retardation (CG (MR)) the difference between the rhythmicity indicators in the exercises performed with musical accompaniment was less significant, only 0.17 points. The average index of rhythm in collective activities in the experimental group of children with Down syndrome (EG (DS)) increased by 1.33 points. Particular attention is paid to the results of the development of individual rhythm between the groups studied, at the beginning of the experiment the difference between the scores of CG (MR) and the EG (DS) was 0.83, at the end it decreased by 0.18 points. The scores of children with Down syndrome almost reached the results of children with MR. Such a positive result indicates the influence of rhythm on the motor areas of the brain of children with Down syndrome.
Prospects for the application of conjugate influence exercises in sprinting, a brief review and research analysis
Authors: Bendersky Nikita , Verina Tatyana , Demyanova Lyudmila , Lubetsky Nikolay , Trufanova Svetlana
Published: June 2022

Speed, power and acceleration ability are important components for most of the summer sports, such as athletics, football, rugby, handball and basketball. Our analytical review compiles and systematizes by physical criteria (conditions change and influence of external or internal factors) the long-term studies of experts on the use of non-traditional means and methods in sports training to improve the ability to speed up and develop the maximum speed and power of running. The non-traditional methods include conjugate influence used in sprinters’ training, which correspond or slightly exceed the basic kinematic and dynamic criteria of the basic competitive exercise. Research analysis confirmed the efficiency of conjugate influence exercises and their impact on kinematic spatial and temporal parameters and on the dynamic parameters of the running stride reflecting the interaction of internal and external forces. Studies have also confirmed a positive immediate and long-term post-training trace effect. The survey research confirms that the use of traditional sprint training along with non-traditional means and methods enables the athlete to avoid the formation of a speed barrier, to improve acceleration, maximum speed, and running power.
Excellence in sport performance. The Russian psychophysiological approach
Authors: Banayan Alexandra , Georgiadi Victoria
Published: June 2022

The article reveals in detail more than 50 years of scientific and practical experience of Russian sports psychologists in the training of elite athletes members of national sports teams. The works of well-known scientists who were employees of the Saint-Petersburg Scientific-Research Institute for Physical Culture describe the sequence of development of the psychophysiological approach. A description of the psychophysiological methods developed at the Institute, their capabilities and results of practical use in the scientific and methodological support of sports training of elite athletes is given. Authors provide a scientific justification for the fact that the use of a psychophysiological approach, bases on I. Pavlov’s ideas, to determine current psychophysiological conditions and innate individual characteristics, including talents and giftedness, is an indispensable tool for a sports psychologist in the practice of training and developing the potential of athletes to achieve excellence in sport performance.
The use of orange peel in the technology of drinks fermentation
Authors: Vanchenko Olga I , Gargalyk Anna , Balanov Petr , Smotraeva Irina , Zhilinskaya Nadezhda
Published: June 2022

Nutrition is one of the most important factors determining human health. Enrichment of food products with minerals, antioxidant compounds, and vitamins are relevant today. In this work, dry orange peel was used to enrich a fermented drink based on kvass wort with phenolic compounds and vitamin C. The following indicators were determined: the content of vitamin C, the amount of phenolic compounds and anthocyanins, the antioxidant activity of orange peel dried to a moisture content of 18%. The drink fermentation lasted 12 hours at 30 °C. Secondary fermentation was carried out for 48 hours. At this stage, orange peel was added in the amount of 10 g/l. During the experiment, the concentration of dry matter content, the acidity of the medium, and the content of ethyl alcohol were measured. Organoleptic indicators were determined during the tasting of the finished product. In the finished drink, the content of ethyl alcohol was 0.98%. It was found that the finished drink with peel contains 4 times more phenolic compounds and 1.5 times more vitamin C.
Productivity and morphological indicators of egg quality of meat hens of maternal lines of the Cornish and Plymouth Rock breeds of the new Smena-9 cross
Authors: Emanuilova J. V. , Egorova A. V. , Efimov D. N. , Komarov A. A.
Published: June 2022

The article is devoted to the assessment of productivity and morphological indicators of egg quality of maternal lines of Cornish and Plymouth Rock breeds of the new Russian Smena-9 cross. It was found that during the breeding of meat hens of the maternal lines of Cornish and Plymouth Rock breeds (from 2019 to 2021), the egg production increased by 1.6-2.2% (Cornish) and by 2.2-4.3% (Plymouth Rock) during the 30 and 52 weeks of life. There was a 0.1-1.9% decrease in eggs with such defects as double-yolk, irregular shape, breakage + check, weight less than 52 g. The best morphological parameters had eggs obtained from the maternal lines of Cornish and Plymouth Rock hens at 30 weeks of age. The hatchability of eggs obtained from the maternal line of the Cornish breed hens at that age was 83.9%, and for the Plymouth Rock breed it was 86.1%. Productivity and morphological indicators of the quality of eggs of the maternal lines of Cornish and Plymouth Rock breeds of Smena-9 cross are high, the chickens are competitive.
Energy optimization and predictive maintenance of an asphalt plant: A case study
Authors: Welako Jean , N’cho Grâce , Marta Arsène , Labadi Karim , Absi Rafik , Boudjema Kamel
Published: June 2022

This communication presents a real-life study dealing with energy optimization by using specific IoT devices in an industrial asphalt plant. The study is conducted by KANTENA TECHNOLOGIES. The objective is to demonstrate that collecting data from the plants is very valuable and useful for process optimization. The data recovered from sensors (IoT) allows us to develop a real-time supervision tool for the production system, in order to : (1) Monitor asphalt plant productions, (2) Track energy consumption and optimize its consumption, (3) Monitor the quality of service of the plant’s sensitive machines while offering predictive maintenance.
Friction factor from velocity profiles in smooth turbulent channel flows
Authors: Payet-Taille Hélène , Marchandon Stéphane , Absi Rafik
Published: June 2022

Fluid dynamics plays an important role in many Renewable energies studies, i.e. wind and tidal turbines, wave energy geothermal and solar power, …). Friction factor f is an important parameter for the determination of pressure drop in different processes and systems. In this study, we use DNS data of turbulent smooth channels to evaluate different methods. First, a recalibration of Dean’s correlation (Dean, 1978) is proposed. The aim of the study is to obtain accurate wall friction factors from velocity profiles. On the one hand, we obtained two implicit analytical relations based on the law-of-the-wall: a logarithmic friction relation similar to that of pipes and a linear-logarithmic friction relation. On the other hand, we obtained f from the computation of the average velocity. It is first calculated from the law-of-the-wall and allows a good prediction of f for Reτ > 395 but presents a gap for low Reτ which is related to inaccurate velocities. Low-Reynolds number effect in channel flows has been previously observed in different experimental and computational studies. In order to provide suitable friction factor values, it is important to predict velocities accurately on the overall channel height. We used therefore a more appropriate method which consists to use for y+ < 20 the momentum equation with an eddy viscosity formulation (Absi, 2019) and the log-wake law for high y+ values. This method provides accurate friction factor values and allows good agreement with DNS data.
Simulation of Li-ion Battery using MATLAB-Simulink for Charging and Discharging
Authors: S Bhagat , C Archana , Talele Virendra , K Khade , A Budukh , A Bhosale , VK Mathew
Published: June 2022

The optimization of batteries has increased in EV and HEV applications out of which Li-ion batteries are widely used for green technology applications as an energy storage system due to its high power and energy density. In electric vehicle applications, drawbacks are observed during charging interval time on the storage system. In such situations, the multi-state charging is considered to be the ideal solution. This paper tells us about the state charging of lithium-ion battery and its criteria of charging/discharging for good battery life using MATLAB Simulink tool. The state-of-charge (SOC), measured and applied for measuring charging/discharging characteristics is an important parameter for defining the performance of a battery. Thus, accurate estimation of SOC is necessary which will protect the battery and prevent its overcharging and discharging. This will also help in improving the life span of the battery. For applications requiring higher efficiency, multi-state charging is applied.
Le virus SARS-CoV-2 n’a pas « d’origine »
Authors: Frutos Roger , Gavotte Laurent , Devaux Christian A.
Published: June 2022

Depuis le début de la pandémie de COVID-19, la question de l’origine de ce virus fait l’objet d’une vive polémique. C’est la question de « l’origine » qui est biaisée. Darwin a montré qu’il n’y a pas d’origine déterminée à aucune espèce animale ou végétale, simplement un processus évolutif et sélectif. Il en est de même pour les virus, il n’y a pas d’origine, mais un processus évolutif. Les virus circulent d’hôte à hôte, animaux ou humains. Les virus pandémiques circulent déjà chez l’homme et évoluent avant l’apparition d’une maladie. Ce processus évolutif se poursuit et donne naissance à des variants successifs. La solution n’est pas de cibler la maladie ou le possible agent causal, mais plutôt de cibler le processus d’émergence de la maladie lui-même.
Le transport mitochondrial
Authors: Morin Morgane , Moindjie Hadia , Nahmias Clara
Published: June 2022

La reprogrammation métabolique est l’un des marqueurs de la carcinogenèse. Au cœur de cette reprogrammation se trouvent les mitochondries qui produisent l’énergie sous forme de molécules d’ATP. La régulation spatio-temporelle de la production d’ATP, indispensable pour fournir l’énergie au bon endroit et au bon moment, est assurée par le transport intracellulaire des mitochondries. Les complexes Miro/TRAK présents à la surface des mitochondries se lient aux protéines motrices de la cellule (dynéine, kinésine, myosine) pour transporter les mitochondries le long du cytosquelette. Ces acteurs du transport mitochondrial sont souvent dérégulés dans le cancer. Nous présentons dans cette revue les mécanismes par lesquels le transport mitochondrial contribue à la migration, à la division cellulaire et à la réponse au stress des cellules cancéreuses. Décrypter ces mécanismes pourrait ouvrir la voie à de nouvelles approches thérapeutiques en oncologie.
Standardized 18F-FDG PET/CT radiomic features provide information on PD-L1 expression status in treatment-naïve patients with non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Zhang Ruiyun , Hohenforst-Schmidt Wolfgang , Steppert Claus , Sziklavari Zsolt , Schmidkonz Christian , Atzinger Armin , Kuwert Torsten , Klink Thorsten , Sterlacci William , Hartmann Arndt , Vieth Michael , Förster Stefan
Published: June 2022

Purpose To study the relationship between standardized 18F-FDG PET/CT radiomic features and clinicopathological variables and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression status in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.

Methods 58 NSCLC patients with preoperative 18F-FDG PET/CT scans and postoperative results of PD-L1 expression were retrospectively analysed. A standardized, open-source software was used to extract 86 radiomic features from PET and low-dose CT images. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used to find independent predictors of PD-L1 expression. The Area Under the Curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to compare the ability of variables and their combination in predicting PD-L1 expression.

Results Multivariate logistic regression resulted in the PET radiomic feature GLRLM_LGRE (Odds Rate (OR): 0.300 vs 0.114, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.096–0.931 vs 0.021–0.616, in NSCLC and adenocarcinoma respectively) and the CT radiomic feature GLZLM_SZE (OR: 3.338 vs 7.504, 95%CI: 1.074–10.375 vs 1.382–40.755, in NSCLC and adenocarcinoma respectively), being independent predictors of PD-L1 status. In NSCLC group, after adjusting for gender and histology, the PET radiomic feature GLRLM_LGRE (OR: 0.282, 95%CI: 0.085–0.936) remained an independent predictor for PD-L1 status. In the adenocarcinoma group, when adjusting for gender the PET radiomic feature GLRLM_LGRE (OR: 0.115, 95%CI: 0.021–0.631) and the CT radiomic feature GLZLM_SZE (OR: 7.343, 95%CI: 1.285–41.965) remained associated with PD-L1 expression.

Conclusion NSCLC and adenocarcinoma with PD-L1 expression show higher tumour heterogeneity. Heterogeneity-related 18F-FDG PET and CT radiomic features showed good ability to non-invasively predict PD-L1 expression.
Arzneimittel vs. Nahrungsergänzungsmittel –
Abgrenzung, Anwendung und juristische Fallstricke
Authors: Stoll Günther
Published: June 2022

Nicht nur, aber besonders im Bereich der integrativen Onkologie und der
Komplementärmedizin spielen neben dem Einsatz von Arzneimitteln auf
pharmakologischer Basis auch Lebensstiländerungen und Eingriffe im
nutritiven Bereich eine wichtige Rolle. Dazu gehören z. B. die
Erkennung und Kompensation von Mangelzuständen bei physiologisch
wirksamen Mikronährstoffen, etwa beim Selen. Neben den Arzneimitteln mit
ihren verschiedenen Darreichungsformen kommen somit auch
Nahrungsergänzungsmittel oder andere besondere Formen von Lebensmitteln
zum Einsatz. Für den Marktzugang solcher Produkte gelten allerdings
höchst unterschiedliche gesetzliche Voraussetzungen, und auch die
Verordnungsfähigkeit und Erstattungsfähigkeit unterscheiden
sich. Zur Vermeidung von Fallstricken bis hin zu zeitraubenden und
möglicherweise teuren Regressen werden die Produktgruppen voneinander
abgegrenzt und die gesetzlichen Grundlagen dargestellt.
Medical Residents, the Group and the Formation of Professional Identity During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Oliveira Francisco Arsego de , Corleta Helena von Eye , Capp Edison
Published: June 2022

Residency is still considered the gold standard for quality medical training, and acquiring a professional identity as a specialist is one of its central elements. Residents obtain this identity through both the educational environment and direct interaction with peers and supervisors. However, modifications in health care and educational routines during the recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have significantly impaired these channels. This study is part of a qualitative research project to analyze professional identity formation in a medical residency program in obstetrics and gynecology at a public hospital in southern Brazil. The authors conducted 28 semi-structured interviews with medical residents and preceptors, as well as a focus group with the residents, which was recorded, transcribed, and analyzed in an effort to construct major analytical categories. Restricted movement and physical contact have forced the use of alternative means of interpersonal interaction, such as communication through social media or instant messaging applications. This has also affected educational activities, such as morning rounds, lectures, and seminars. These changes represent a significant impact, especially in Brazil, where physical proximity is an important cultural feature, even in the work and school environments. We speculate that this new type of virtual interaction will also affect the formation of professional identity among obstetrician-gynecologists. These findings suggest that medical residency programs should be attentive to changes in resident training to ensure that the specialist profile and the expected skills, which are consolidated over many years, are not lost.
Quality Tools and Strategy for Critical Alerts Process Improvements to Ensure Patient Safety
Authors: Jha Puja Kumari , Agarwal Rachna
Published: June 2022

Objectives A number of regulatory and accrediting bodies require the reporting of critical results on a timely basis (immediately or within the time frame established by the laboratory) to “the responsible, licensed caregiver” as timely notification of critical laboratory results can pivotally affect patient outcome. The aim of the study was to decrease the turnaround time (TAT) of critical result notification along with assurance of notification to the concerned caregiver or clinicians. The objectives was 30% reduction in the critical value notification TAT and identify factors associated with delayed reporting and root cause analysis for these factors by application of quality tools.

Materials and Methods The study was conducted at the Institute of Human Behavior and Allied Sciences, Delhi, a tertiary center teaching Hospital, from April 2019 to June 2021. A value streamed Process Map of critical alert was prepared. The incidents related to failure were presented through Pareto chart. The possible causes were analyzed through the fishbone model. The failure mode prioritization was executed with Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA). Through extensive brainstorming, appropriate and feasible corrective actions were implemented. The effectiveness of the implemented plan was analyzed by reassessing the TAT of critical alert and feedback received by clinical caregivers.

Results After implementation of corrective action plan using quality tools for 3 months, the average critical alert TAT was reduced to 21 minutes from 30 minutes (30% reduction). The median critical alert TAT for ICU, emergency, and IPD were reduced to 3 minutes (IQR: 1–7). During the pilot project, 156 critical value data were sent for feedback with treatment plan but was received only for 88 patients (56%).

Conclusion Comprehensive utilization of quality tools has a potential role in patient safety by reducing the critical alert TAT as well as establishing an effective communication between laboratory personnel and clinicians.