bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trends and ethical issues in nursing during disasters: A systematic review
Authors: Fithriyyah Yayu N , Alda Atikah K , Haryani Haryani
Published: March 2023

Background

During a disaster, nurses face complex ethical challenges because of risky situations. It is necessary to identify trends and ethical issues of nurses in disasters to improve the quality of care and impact for nurses.

Method

This systematic review enrolled in the international registration with PROSPERO: CRD42022350765. We searched the following databases: PubMed, EBSCO MEDLINE, SCOPUS, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, and Sage Pub. The inclusion criteria were developed according to PICO and D; are Population (F): involving nurses; intervention/Exposure (I): disaster, Comparison (C): none; outcome (O): ethical practice. And Design (D): qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods. Years of publication were 2012–2022, with full text in English. The quality of study assessment used was The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal tool and Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) version 2018. Analysis used PICO synthesis.

Results

There were 15 studies reviewed from 2093 results, including cross-sectional (4/15, 26.6%), qualitative (9/15, 60%), and mixed methods (2/15, 13.3%) studies. The types of disasters were: COVID-19 (7/15, 46.6%), infectious (4/15, 26.6%), and all disaster events (4/15, 26.6%). The main themes were: (1) ethical issues in disasters have the potential to address ethical dilemmas, (2) factors applying nursing ethics to support ethical decision-making in disasters, (3) strategies for applying ethics and dealing with ethical issues in disasters, and (4) the impact of applying ethics in disasters.

Conclusion

Applying ethics nursing in a disaster is influenced by various factors. This framework for ethical nursing in disasters aims to help nurses, educational institutions, and policymakers develop schemes or scenarios to enhance responsible ethical decisions in disasters.
Psychiatry and the UN Convention Against Torture
Authors: McLaren Niall
Published: March 2023

Objective

To expand on psychiatry’s duties under the United Nations (UN) Convention Against Torture.

Conclusions

As it is currently practised in Australia, psychiatry is in breach of a number of major international conventions. Full compliance with treaty obligations will entail substantial changes in current practice.
Loss of Personal Autonomy and Dignity-Related Distress in End-Of-Life Cancer Patients
Authors: Bovero Andrea , Botto Rossana , Mellano Elena , Gottardo Francesco , Berchialla Paola , Carletto Sara , Geminiani Giuliano C
Published: March 2023

The objective of this cross-sectional study is to investigate Dignity-Related Loss of Personal Autonomy (DR-LPA) intended as loss of relational independence causing dignity-related distress. Moreover, it analyzes its possible relationships with demoralization, spirituality, quality of life, hope, and coping styles in a sample composed of 207 end-of-life cancer patients. These variables have been assessed through the following rating scales: Patient Dignity Inventory - Italian version, Demoralization Scale - Italian version, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Scale – General Measure, Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy – Spiritual Well-Being, Brief Coping Orientation to Problem Experienced, and Herth Hope Index. The results have shown that most of the DR-LPA items were considered a problem by most patients. Functional, social, emotional, and spiritual wellbeing, disheartenment, age, and sex emerged as significant predictors of DR-LPA. In conclusion, this study showed that DR-LPA can be a relevant concern for patients at the end-of-life and for this reason it becomes necessary for psychosocial provides to consider it to deliver better dignity conserving care.
Avacopan for the Treatment of Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (ANCA)-Associated Vasculitis
Authors: Alihosseini Christopher , Kopelman Hannah , Zaino Mallory , Feldman Steven R.
Published: March 2023

Objective:

To review the safety and efficacy of avacopan for the treatment of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis.

Data Sources:

A systematic review of the literature was performed using the terms avacopan OR tavneos OR CCX168 OR ANCA-associated vasculitis in PubMed and Google Scholar. Articles between January 2016 and January 2023 were considered for inclusion. Bibliographies and ClinicalTrials.gov were also searched for completion.

Study Selection and Data Extraction:

Relative English language and human studies related to pharmacology, clinical trials, and safety were included.

Data Synthesis:

The 52-week ADVOCATE and 12-week CLEAR clinical trials evaluated the safety and efficacy of avacopan. The remission rate was 65.7% and 54.9% in the avacopan and placebo group, respectively, in the ADVOCATE trial. The Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score improved by ≥50% in 86.4% of avacopan treated patients and 70% of prednisone treated patients in the CLEAR trial.

Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice in Comparison With Existing Drugs:

Glucocorticoids in combination with cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, and/or rituximab have been a mainstay of ANCA-associated vasculitis treatment. However, short- and long-term medication-related adverse effects risk negative outcomes for patients. Avacopan may provide equivalent to better treatment with fewer side effects due to a reduction, if not elimination, of glucocorticoids.

Conclusions:

Avacopan used in isolation or combination is safe and effective for ANCA-associated vasculitis.
Fractional-Order sliding mode control of a 4D memristive chaotic system
Authors: Gokyildirim Abdullah , Calgan Haris , Demirtas Metin
Published: March 2023

Chaotic systems depict complex dynamics, thanks to their nonlinear behaviors. With recent studies on fractional-order nonlinear systems, it is deduced that fractional-order analysis of a chaotic system enriches its dynamic behavior. Therefore, the investigation of the chaotic behavior of a 4D memristive Chen system is aimed in this study by taking the order of the system as fractional. The nonlinear behavior of the system is observed numerically by comparing the fractional-order bifurcation diagrams and Lyapunov Exponents Spectra with 2D phase portraits. Based on these analyses, two different fractional orders (i.e., q = 0.948 and q = 0.97) are determined where the 4D memristive system shows chaotic behavior. Furthermore, a single state fractional-order sliding mode controller (FOSMC) is designed to maintain the states of the fractional-order memristive chaotic system on the equilibrium points. Then, control method results are obtained by both numerical simulations and different illustrative experiments of microcontroller-based realization. As expected, voltage outputs of the microcontroller-based realization are in good agreement with the time series of numerical simulations.
Synergistic inhibition of Salmonella Typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus in apple jam by cinnamaldehyde and potassium sorbate
Authors: Pereira Batista Andreia Farias , Coelho Trevisan Daliah Alves , Rodrigues dos Santos Adriele , Silva Alex Fiori , Zanetti Campanerut-Sá Paula Aline , Alves de Abreu Filho Benício , Junior Miguel Machinski , Graton Mikcha Jane Martha
Published: March 2023

The objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effectiveness of cinnamaldehyde (CIN) and potassium sorbate (P.S.), alone and in combination, against Salmonella Typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus in vitro and in apple jam. Antimicrobial activity in vitro was investigated by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), time-kill assay and determination of fractional inhibitory concentration index. CIN MIC and MBC was 312 μg/mL. P.S. MIC and MBC were 2500 and 5000 μg/mL, respectively, against S. Typhimurium; and 10,000 and 20,000 μg/mL, respectively, against S. aureus. The compounds combined exhibited a synergistic effect (FIC < 0.5), inhibiting S. Typhimurium growth after 12 h and S. aureus after 24 h. The effect of CIN and P.S., at sub-inhibitory concentrations, against bacterial strains in apple jam was evaluated during storage. Physicochemical and sensory analyses were also performed. No cultivable S. Typhimurium or S. aureus cells were recovered in apple jam supplemented with CIN + P.S. on the third day of storage. The addition of CIN and P.S. did not affect the physicochemical properties and sensory evaluation showed a score above 7.0. CIN and P.S. association at sub-inhibitory concentrations was effective in controlling foodborne pathogens and improved the shelf life of apple jam.
Five parameters for studying leadership styles in orchestra conductors
Authors: Lanaro Lucia , Bobbio Andrea , Biasutti Michele , Himonides Evangelos
Published: March 2023

This study aims to investigate leadership in orchestra conducting and interrogate educational principles to improve conducting pedagogy. Effective leadership implies a set of interpersonal, communicational, and emotional skills combined with a high level of expertise, which may enable the leader to not only achieve excellent outcomes but also create a positive and collaborative working climate and vision for the performance. This work demonstrates that there are strong implications between effective leadership and orchestra conducting. We examine how orchestra conductors are perceived to be effective leaders and deduce from general leadership theories the following five parameters: charisma, stage presence, nonverbal communication, relationships with musicians, and leadership style. Interviews with orchestra conductors and performers support these five parameters for effective orchestra conducting. We perform a detailed analysis of the profiles of two renowned orchestra leaders— namely, Herbert von Karajan and Gustavo Dudamel— to test the five parameters and distill educational implications for both scholars and practitioners. The results are presented and discussed, along with implications for the education of orchestra conductors.
Delivery riders’ cultural production in Spain: A thematic analysis of their self-representation on YouTube
Authors: Pires Fernanda , Tomasena José M , Piña Martina
Published: March 2023

This study analyses YouTube videos about delivery riders in Spain as well as the channels in which the videos were uploaded. The aim is to understand the ways that riders are represented in the videos and determine the labour imaginaries that emerge in the context of platformization, which includes work that depends on platforms that use computer architecture and automation systems to arrange exchanges between people, goods, and corporations, such as the work of delivery riders. This article shows how platformization of labour intersects with cultural production because delivery riders’ work has become a video theme in the YouTube platform. Moreover, in some cases riders (or aspiring ones) use YouTube and other social media to interact, share knowledge and organize their job. Based on a thematic analysis of delivery riders' YouTube videos ( n = 40) from 26 channels mined with YouTube Data Tools, this study presents a typology of channels in which riders appear. It also categorizes the main representations of riders as well as the imaginaries that emerge about this type of labour in YouTube videos. The analysis indicates that delivery riders’ work has a transitory nature, which is expressed in the analysed videos. Moreover, the study demonstrates that immigrants are the people who tend to do this type of work in Spain, and shows how being an immigrant plays a particular role in the way riders are represented or gain their social conceptions and aspirations about this kind of work.
Indigenous storytelling and admissibility in common law courts: Developing the protocols for the reception theory of evidence
Authors: Akhtar Zia
Published: March 2023

The claims for the restitution of legal estate by the Indigenous peoples are often without the benefit of a written agreement when they have to prove a spatial and temporal connection with ancestral lands. The witness testimony from a storyteller who is keeper of the historical records is in the absence of documentary evidence and the court has to be convinced of the probative value of the evidence before the oral testimony is admissible as an exception to the rule against hearsay. This presents immense obstacles to Indigenous litigants, who are governed by customary laws and whose narratives regarding the claims on land are conveyed intergenerationally. The court structures based on common law exclude such evidence as hearsay, which has prevented claims on land in North America, and in Norway, which has a Eurocentric court structure. There is a need for a framework in the procedural codes of the common law courts and by extension of all courts where Indigenous people own lands or exercise rights over them to formalise the reception theory of evidence. This will contextualise the terminologies, expressions and idioms that are included in Indigenous story testimony and their authenticity can be framed in protocols which courts could resource before ruling whether the narrative testimony is admissible.
Democracy or dictatorship? The moral call to defend Ukraine
Authors: Kögler Hans-Herbert
Published: March 2023

This essay is a reflection on the Ukraine war grounded in moral motives to empathetically support an attacked victim (whether at the individual or national level). It entails a critique of the moral abstraction of the geopolitical perspective and an analysis of Putin’s imperial Eurasian ideology, including Dugin’s cultural essentialism and the biopolitical strategies of its implementation. Current calls for peace, ceasefire or diplomacy appear problematic in this light. The need to articulate normative principles orienting negotiations with morally acceptable results becomes apparent, as they both justify the use of effective military means of empathetic solidarity and limit the dangers of an unchecked militarization and bellicose attitudes in this conflict.
Unpacking preventive policing: Towards a holistic framework
Authors: Ellefsen Hjørdis Birgitte , Bjørkelo Brita , Sunde Inger Marie , Fyfe Nicholas R.
Published: March 2023

Assuming that society is better off if the harm caused by crime – including the costs entailed by the investigation, prosecution and punishment – can be avoided, the proactive approach of preventive policing (PP) is generally promoted and understood as a good and effective solution. In this article, we unpack the concept of PP by analysing how it has been understood and practised across time and space, and find that the ‘preventive turn’ and current aspirations for a police service with a ‘preventative mindset’ seem to require a return to a police role that might be incompatible with the liberal and democratic ideals of today. We argue for the need for a holistic approach and outline six key elements for an overarching theoretical framework that is sensitive to the fundamental challenges of the ‘preventive turn’. This includes arguing for the need for an awareness of how the problems that are to be prevented are defined; how preventative interventions are directed; what role the police and other actors should play; how underlying rationalities and logics may affect the understanding, implementation and outcome of PP; how effects and consequences can be measured; and the need for legal and ethical limitations and guidelines.
Photovoice of marginalized groups and pride month marketing
Authors: Nehls Kimberly
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this research note is to suggest photovoice as a methodology to enhance and vivify marginalized voices in marketing research. Specifically, the focus is on LGBTQ+ consumer perspectives during one of the most visible times for this marketing segment: Pride Month. Photovoice is an opportunity for researchers to ask for viewpoints and incorporate consumer perspectives into social marketing research. It puts the researcher in the role of a guide through the research process, while participants lead the data collection, definitions, and analysis through their own images so new voices and perspectives are centered. It is the intention of this article to be a catalyst for encouraging both scholars and practitioners to conduct future photovoice studies in international market research.
Skills as stepping stones for employability: Perception research into the skills of Humanities students
Authors: De Dijn Melina , Jacobs Catho , Zenner Eline , Ihalainen Laura , Palander-Collin Minna , Peterson Elizabeth , Arens Sanne , De Baar Mirjam , Touwen Jeroen , Heyvaert Liesbet
Published: March 2023

OECD reports a mismatch between field of study and job content for Humanities students, while at the same time signalling labour market shortages for skills that seem clearly linked with the Humanities, e.g. delivering information. In order to investigate which skills Humanities students associate with their university studies, we conducted a survey among 1306 European Humanities and 231 non-Humanities students. The survey asked these students whether they felt they acquired skills during their Humanities university education which were identified in a pilot phase. The students’ answers were analysed quantitatively, arriving at a Humanities self-perception skills profile of 70 detailed descriptions of skills that fall under six clusters. We argue that this profile could be a crucial step to improve the employability of Humanities students, as students’ perceptions of their skills greatly determine the quality of transition to the labour market.
Numerical and experimental investigation of the quasi-cavitation effect on a ducted Propeller for ROV
Authors: Zhandong Li , Shuang Ma , Jianguo Tao , Jingkui Li , Wei Wang , lina Wei
Published: March 2023

To control precisely and investigate maneuverability of an underwater vehicle in a nuclear power pool this article presents a study on the mathematical model and the thrust characteristics of a ducted propeller under the quasi-cavitation effect by a numerical method. Firstly, a mathematical model of a ducted propeller including the quasi-cavitation effect term which is often ignored, is established based on the thrust performance under different quasi-cavitation distances and the revolution speed by CFD. Then the pressure field near the suction and pressure surface of blades are analyzed, which reveals that the thrust increases with a decrease of the quasi-cavitation distance. Finally, the thrust performances under different conditions are experimentally measured in an open-water pool, which can verify the reliability of the mathematical model below the error of 10%. The results demonstrates that the presented method can be used to evaluate the dynamic mechanism of a propeller, and hold a potential to improve the control strategy.
Program Factors Affecting Weight Loss and Mobility in Older Adults: Evidence From the Mobility and Vitality Lifestyle Program (MOVE UP)
Authors: Liu Xinran , Kieffer Lori A. , King Jennifer , Boak Brandi , Zgibor Janice C. , Smith Kenneth J. , Burke Lora E. , Jakicic John M. , Semler Linda N. , Danielson Michelle E. , Newman Anne B. , Venditti Elizabeth M. , Albert Steven M.
Published: March 2023

Background. The Mobility and Vitality Lifestyle Program (MOVE UP) is a behavioral weight-management intervention for improving mobility among community-dwelling older adults. We examined program factors that affect implementation outcomes and participant-level health outcomes. Methods. The MOVE UP program was implemented in the greater Pittsburgh area from January 2015 to June 2019 to improve lower extremity performance in community-dwelling older adults who were overweight or obese. Thirty-two sessions were delivered over 13 months. All sessions were designed to be 1-hour in length, on-site, group-based, and led by trained and supported community health workers (CHWs). Participants completed weekly Lifestyle Logs for self-monitoring of body weight, diet, and physical activity. We evaluated the MOVE UP program using the RE-AIM framework, and collected quantitative data at baseline, 5-, 9-, and 13-months. Multilevel linear regression models assessed the impacts of program factors (site, CHW, and participant characteristics) on implementation outcomes and participant-level health outcomes. Results. Twenty-two CHWs delivered MOVE UP program to 303 participants in 26 cohorts. Participants were similar to the target source population in weight but differed in some demographic characteristics. The program was effective for weight loss and lower extremity function in both intervention and maintenance periods ( ps < .01), with an independent effect for Lifestyle Logs submission but not session attendance. Discussion. CHWs were able to deliver a multi-component weight loss intervention effectively in community settings. CHW and site characteristics had independent impacts on participants’ adherence. Lifestyle Log submission may be a more potent measure of adherence in weight loss interventions than attendance.
Examination of Factors That Predict Receptive Vocabulary Knowledge of Children Who Attend Head Start Programs
Authors: Bowers Lisa M. , Robinson Samantha , Metcalf Madilyn
Published: March 2023

Income-based childcare programs provide children access to developmentally appropriate and vocabulary-rich literacy experiences. For this study, participating U.S. Head Start Centers requested families complete a weekly home literacy log to encourage vocabulary-rich shared book reading activities in the home. Using participant characteristics, including literacy log competition, this study examined which factors adequately predicted vocabulary growth as measured by Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test–Fourth Edition standard scores. Results indicated that vocabulary increased significantly for children who were enrolled in participating Head Start pre-kindergarten (Pre-K) programs. Important predictors of the magnitude of vocabulary growth during an academic year included sex, language(s) spoken in the home, and completion of home literacy logs. Clinical implications of this study would warrant recommending home literacy logs as a component of holistic Head Start programming, as completion of literacy logs emerged as an important variable in predicting the magnitude of vocabulary growth second only to race and sex.
Mean Platelet Volume-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Is a Biomarker of 1-Year Mortality in Patients With Diabetic Foot Infections
Authors: Aragón-Sánchez Javier , Víquez-Molina Gerardo , López-Valverde María Eugenia , Aragón-Hernández Cristina , Aragón-Hernández Javier , Rojas-Bonilla José María
Published: March 2023

We aimed to evaluate the value of 2 peripheral blood cell ratios, the mean platelet volume-to-lymphocyte ratio (MPVLR) and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as prognostic biomarkers of mortality in patients with diabetic foot infections (DFIs). We conducted a prospective observational study consisting of a cohort of 200 patients with moderate to severe DFIs consecutively recruited from our Diabetic Foot Unit, Hospital San Juan de Dios, San José de Costa Rica, Costa Rica from October 15, 2020, to December 15, 2021. We studied the variables associated with one-year all-cause mortality using a multivariate backward Cox’s regression model. Nonparametric Spearman Rho was used to study the linear correlation between NLR and MPVLR and other inflammatory markers. The variables associated with all-cause mortality were retinopathy (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.55, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.22-5.33, P = .01), estimated glomerular filtration rate (HR: 0.979, 95% CI: 0.969-0.990, P < .001), HbA1c (HR: 0.825, 95% CI: 0.702-0.969, P = .01), and MPVLR (HR: 1.093, 95% CI: 1.020-1.172, P = .01). NLR showed a strong correlation with white blood cell count ( r = 0.60 [<0.001]) and c-reactive protein ( r = 0.63 [<0.001]), and a weak correlation with erythrocyte sedimentation rate ( r = 0.33 [<0.001]), though it was not associated with mortality. In conclusion, apart from other risk factors of mortality, we have for the first time demonstrated that the increasing value of MPVLR is a factor associated with one-year mortality in patients with DFIs.
Waiting to Inhale: Preventing Fatality From Seizure-Induced Apnea
Authors: Wenker Ian C. , Patel Manoj K.
Published: March 2023

[Box: see text]
Does SARS-CoV-2 Cause Seizures and Epilepsy in COVID-19 via Inflammation or by Direct Infection?
Authors: Vossler David G.
Published: March 2023

[Box: see text]
Rheological behavior of magnetized ZnO – SAE50 nanolubricant over Riga plate: A theoretical study
Authors: Riaz Muhammad , Khan Nargis , Shehzad Sabir Ali
Published: March 2023

[Formula: see text] nanolubricant is one of the most important nanolubricants having widespread uses in heat exchange systems and automobiles. It minimizes friction between moving parts and prevents them from corrosion and scrape, improves durability and performance of the system and also minimizes the consumption of fuel. This work investigates the rheological behavior of magnetized [Formula: see text] nanolubricant over moving/stationary Riga plate with viscous dissipation and nonlinear heat generation. The novel features of the current work are the use of [Formula: see text] nanolubricant as a flow fluid across a Riga plate and the application of the Patel model to boost the thermal conductivity of the nanolubricant. The governing system of equations is transformed to nonlinear ODEs and then treated analytically by using HAM. The augmentation in the velocity of nanolubricant [Formula: see text] is observed due to increasing values of Grashof number. The higher values of nonlinear thermal radiation and nonlinear heat generation parameters upsurge the temperature profile. The value of skin friction increases by increasing modified Hartman number and velocity slip parameter while reverse trend is observed by enhancing magnetic parameter. The radiation parameter, temperature dependent heat source parameter and solid volume fraction tend to augment Nusselt number at the Riga surface.
High-definition 3D map for autonomous vehicles in Vietnam: A comparison between graph simultaneous localization and mapping and the normal distributions transform algorithm
Authors: Nam Phan Thanh , Son Le Anh , Nang Ho Xuan
Published: March 2023

Autonomous vehicles have a fundamental part to play in future transportation. In order to work, such vehicles need a way of determining their exact location. To date, two techniques have proved applicable: geolocation using GPS and 3D mapping. In the latter case, the creation of the 3D map is an essential step in preparing the software. This manuscript presents a novel method for creating a high-definition 3D map using a Velodyne sensor. The primary objective is to achieve deeper understanding of the map creation algorithm and to lay the groundwork for future autonomous vehicle architecture. In this manuscript, two high-definition mapping algorithms are applied: the graph simultaneous localization and mapping algorithm and the normal distributions transform algorithm. The results of both displayed different strengths and weaknesses upon creating a high-definition 3D map, which may help other researchers to select the best algorithm in future.
Employability skills, quality of life, and body composition on employment modalities in individuals with mild and moderate intellectual disabilities
Authors: Gutiérrez-Cruz Carmen , Muñoz-López Saray , Rubio-Cabeza José , Raya-Castellano Pablo E. , Roman-Espinaco Andrés
Published: March 2023

Background: The inclusion of individuals with intellectual disabilities into the labour market is a challenge in advanced societies, with only a very reduced percentage of these individuals being able to access the free labour market. Whilst some progress has recently been made, there is still a need to further explore the different conditioning factors. Method: A total of 125 users belonging to the three employment modalities of Occupational Workshops (OW), Occupational Centers (OC) and Supported Employment (SE), participated in this study. Differences between modalities were determined for employability, quality of life, and body composition. Results: Employability skills were higher for SE compared to OW and OC; the index of quality of life was higher for OC and SE groups compared to OW; no differences were found in body composition between groups. Conclusions: The quality-of-life index was higher for participants performing remunerated employment modalities and employment skills increased when work was more inclusive.
Peace is possible: The role of strategic narratives in peacebuilding
Authors: Fairey Tiffany
Published: March 2023

In Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), scholars and practitioners often cite the lack of shared narrative as a primary challenge to long-term peace. A study of the multi-ethnic, collaborative story-telling work of the Post Conflict Research Centre (PCRC), a Bosnian peacebuilding organization, however, tells a different story. Instead of aiming to forge a singular narrative, PCRC weaves together multiple stories that express complex positions while driving narrative frames that show peace is possible. In a context where actors might not be ready for a joint narrative, the organization demonstrates how plural stories can co-exist, and be strategically mobilized and disseminated through diverse formats to actively engage others in peace-building processes. Identifying key narrative principles, tactics and frames employed by PCRC, this article proposes more attention is paid to how narrative can be strategically harnessed to de-stabilize the stories that drive entrenched division and to foster and cultivate a culture of peace.
Uterine sarcomas: clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up, by Spanish group for research on sarcomas (GEIS)
Authors: Pérez-Fidalgo Jose Alejandro , Ortega Eugenia , Ponce Jordi , Redondo Andres , Sevilla Isabel , Valverde Claudia , Isern Verdum Josep , de Alava Enrique , Galera López Mar , Marquina Gloria , Sebio Ana
Published: March 2023

Uterine sarcomas are very infrequent and heterogeneous entities. Due to its rarity, pathological diagnosis, surgical management, and systemic treatment are challenging. Treatment decision process in these tumors should be taken in a multidisciplinary tumor board. Available evidence is low and, in many cases, based on case series or clinical trials in which these tumors have been included with other soft tissue sarcoma. In these guidelines, we have tried to summarize the most relevant evidence in the diagnosis, staging, pathological disparities, surgical management, systemic treatment, and follow-up of uterine sarcomas.
Efficacy and tolerance of LV5FU2-carboplatin chemotherapy in patients with advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma after failure of standard regimens
Authors: Chaigneau Thomas , Aguilera Munoz Lina , Oger Caroline , Gourdeau Clémence , Hentic Olivia , Laurent Lucie , Muller Nelly , Dioguardi Burgio Marco , Gagaille Marie-Pauline , Lévy Philippe , Rebours Vinciane , Hammel Pascal , de Mestier Louis
Published: March 2023

Background:

Chemotherapy options in patients with advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) after failure of standard chemotherapies are limited.

Objectives:

We aimed to report the efficacy and safety of the leucovorin and 5-fluorouracil (LV5FU2) and carboplatin combination in this setting.

Design:

We performed a retrospective study including consecutive patients with advanced PDAC who received LV5FU2–carboplatin between 2009 and 2021 in an expert center.

Methods:

We measured overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), and explored associated factors using Cox proportional hazard models.

Results:

In all, 91 patients were included (55% male, median age 62), with a performance status of 0/1 in 74% of cases. LV5FU2–carboplatin was mainly used in third (59.3%) or fourth line (23.1%), with three (interquartile range: 2.0–6.0) cycles administered on average. The clinical benefit rate was 25.2%. Median PFS was 2.7 months (95% CI: 2.4–3.0). At multivariable analysis, no extrahepatic metastases ( p = 0.083), no ascites or opioid-requiring pain ( p = 0.023), <2 prior treatment lines ( p < 0.001), full dose of carboplatin ( p = 0.004), and treatment initiation >18 months after initial diagnosis ( p < 0.001) were associated with longer PFS. Median OS was 4.2 months (95% CI: 3.48–4.92) and was influenced by the presence of extrahepatic metastases ( p = 0.058), opioid-requiring pain or ascites ( p = 0.039), and number of prior treatment lines (0.065). Prior tumor response under oxaliplatin did not impact either PFS or OS. Worsening of preexisting residual neurotoxicity was infrequent (13.2%). The most common grade 3–4 adverse events were neutropenia (24.7%) and thrombocytopenia (11.8%).

Conclusion:

Although the efficacy of LV5FU2–carboplatin appears limited in patients with pretreated advanced PDAC, it may be beneficial in selected patients.
A Two-Path Moderated Mediation Model of Customer-Driven Service Innovation
Authors: Xu Feng Zeng , Ma Emily , Zhang Yun
Published: March 2023

This study proposes a moderated mediation model of customer-driven hotel employee service innovations. Building on social exchange and social identity theories, we suggest that positive customer–employee exchanges influence employees’ service innovations via direct and indirect paths. While the reciprocal nature of social exchanges was used to explain the direct path from customer–employee exchange to employees’ service innovation, social identity theory was used to explain the indirect path whereby customers’ inputs shape employees’ creative role identities, thus fostering innovation behaviors. The study further tests how organization openness serves as a boundary condition, and the results support the moderating role of organization openness, suggesting that while positive customer–employee exchanges help shape employees’ self-identification (as being creative) and trigger employees’ service innovation, an open organization encourages employees to actively engage in service innovations.
Recurrent cutaneous eosinophilic vasculitis characterized by annular purpuric lesions: A case report
Authors: Gisondi Paolo , Geat Davide , Colato Chiara , Girolomoni Giampiero
Published: March 2023

A 71-year-old woman presented with a persistent, intensely pruritic cutaneous eruption localized on the palmoplantar regions, lips and palate. The histological findings allowed to make the diagnosis of recurrent cutaneous eosinophilic vasculitis, a very rare cutaneous vasculitis characterized clinically by multiple erythematous or purpuric erythematous papules or plaques or angioedema with a relapsing course in the absence of systemic involvement and histologically by a necrotizing vasculitis of the dermal small vessels with a dominant eosinophilic infiltration. The patient was treated with oral methylprednisolone and pentoxifylline which led to a rapid resolution of the cutaneous lesions.
Perforated sigmoid colon adenocarcinoma within an irreducible inguinal hernia: A case report
Authors: Danushka PG Nadun , Jayasinghe Ravindri , Dunusinghe Kamal
Published: March 2023

Inguinal hernia is a potentially occult common surgical condition. Its association with asymptomatic adenocarcinoma is uncommon. However, malignancy-associated perforation of the large bowel within an irreducible hernia is rare. We report a case of 78-year-old male presenting with a long-standing inguinal hernia with a 2-day history of irreducibility. Examination revealed a large left-sided irreducible inguinal hernia. Patient underwent urgent inguinal herniotomy, during which multiple perforations were noted in the sigmoid colon. Patient underwent Hartmann’s procedure following bowel resection. Histology revealed a mucinous adenocarcinoma with extensive metastasis involving the resection margins. Elderly patients with long-standing inguinal hernia presenting with acute symptoms should be evaluated further for this rare but sinister diagnosis.
Excellent Clinical Long-Term Outcomes of Kidney Transplantation From Small Pediatric Donors (Age ≤ 5 Years) Despite Early Hyperfiltration Injury
Authors: Burkhalter Felix , Holzmann Yvonne , Georgalis Argyrios , Wehmeier Caroline , Hirt-Minkowski Patricia , Hoenger Gideon , Hopfer Helmut , Guerke Lorenz , Steiger Juerg , Schaub Stefan , Amico Patrizia
Published: March 2023

Background:

The use of small pediatric donors (age ≤ 5 years and body weight < 20kg) for adult transplant recipients is still regarded controversially in terms of early complications, long-term outcomes, and development of hyperfiltration injury due to body size mismatch.

Objective:

To investigate long-term outcomes of adult renal allograft recipients receiving a kidney from small pediatric donor (SPD) in terms of kidney function and early features of hyperfiltration injury such as histological changes and proteinuria.

Design:

Retrospective, single center study.

Settings:

Transplant center of the University Hospital of Basel, Switzerland.

Patients:

Adult renal allograft recipients receiving a kidney from a small pediatric donor at our center between 2005 and 2017.

Methods:

The outcome of 47 transplants from SPD were compared with 153 kidney transplants from deceased-standard criteria donors (SCD) occurring during the same time period. Incidence of clinical signs of hyperfiltration injury (eg, proteinuria) was investigated. According to our policy, surveillance biopsies were taken at 3 and 6 months post-transplant and were evaluated in terms of signs of hyperfiltration injury.

Results:

At a median follow-up of 2.3 years post-transplant, death-censored graft survival of SPD was comparable to transplants from SCD (94% vs 93%; P = .54). Furthermore, allograft function at last follow-up (estimated glomerular filtration rate–Modification of Diet in Renal Disease) was significantly higher in pediatric transplant (80 vs 55 ml/min/1.73 m2, P = .002). We found histological signs of early hyperfiltration injury in 55% of SPD. There was an equally low proteinuria in both groups during follow-up.

Limitations:

It is a single center and retrospective observational study with small sample size. The outcomes were investigated in a well-selected population of recipients with low body mass index, low immunological risk, and well-controlled hypertension and was not compared with equal selected group of recipients.

Conclusions:

Early histological and clinical signs of hyperfiltration injury in SPD is frequent. Despite the hyperfiltration injury, there is an equal allograft survival and even superior allograft function in SPD compared with SCD during follow-up. This observation supports the concept of high adaptive capacity of pediatric donor kidneys.
A Meta-Analysis of the Relationship Between Emotion Regulation and Social Affect and Cognition
Authors: Salazar Kämpf Maike , Adam Luisa , Rohr Margund K. , Exner Cornelia , Wieck Cornelia
Published: March 2023

Researchers have proposed that emotion regulation can enhance or hinder socioaffective and sociocognitive processes. However, an integration of the evidence is still lacking. The present preregistered meta-analysis disentangled the link between adaptive and maladaptive emotion regulation and different aspects of social affect and cognition. Our findings, based on 549 effect sizes from 58 samples, show that adaptive emotion regulation is positively related to cognitive empathy (ρ = .22), affective empathy (ρ = .07), and compassion (ρ = .19) but negatively related to empathic distress (ρ = –.12). Furthermore, maladaptive emotion regulation is negatively related to cognitive empathy (ρ = –.11) and positively related to empathic distress (ρ = .19). Our findings open up new pathways for practitioners, as it might be possible to foster empathy and compassion and alleviate empathic distress through emotion regulation training. Furthermore, the results suggest a potential explanation for the link between mental disorders and interpersonal problems.
Unravelling Lifelong Learning in Multi-Generational Workforce Using Text Mining
Authors: Gupta Jaya , Misra Pooja
Published: March 2023

Accelerated structural transformations characterize the workplace post-pandemic. A lifelong learning ecosystem must be built to ensure a smooth and inclusive transition since generational diversity is ubiquitous in contemporary organizations.

The present phenomenological qualitative study attempts to explore generational diversity from the lens of lifelong learning construct across the three prominent generations, X, Y, and Z, present in the workforce. The data collected from 24 semi-structured telephonic interviews were analyzed using text mining and topic modeling. The results suggest differences and similarities among the members of different generations. The topics derived waxed and waned across generations. While the drive to engage in continuous learning varied across generational cohorts, the preferred mode for engaging in it was similar. The study provides insights that could help enhance the effectiveness of human resource management practices and firms’ competitiveness during tough times. Further, the findings contribute to the existing literature by adopting machine learning as a tool to extract and decode the latent topics across the three generational cohorts.
Health-Seeking Behavior and Quality of Life of People Living With HIV: Novel Evidence From Ghana
Authors: Cheabu Benjamin Spears Ngmekpele , Kuunibe Naasegnibe , Nkegbe Paul Kwame , Yeboah Peter , Duah James , Addae Joseph Kwaku , Osei Francis Adjei , Ako-Nnubeng Ignatius Terence , Senya Kafui
Published: March 2023

The health and economic burdens of HIV/AIDS in low-and-middle-income countries are enormous despite global and local efforts to prevent and mitigate its effect. This study seeks to assess cadres’ (or people living with HIV [PLHIV]) health-seeking behavior and its effects on their quality of life (QoL). We collected cross-sectional data from 218 HIV community cadres and 255 noncadres in 11 out of the 16 political regions in Ghana based on a modified WHOQOL-HIV-Brief and EQ-5D questionnaires. We used descriptive statistics to describe the sample and calculate the QoL scores. We also used regression analysis (ordered logit and ordinary least squares) to analyze the factors associated with the QoL of our respondents. We found that women (77%) are still disproportionally affected by HIV. Similarly, the youth, less educated and informal sector employees continue to be affected most by HIV. Factors related to QoL of PLHIV include being a community cadre, health-seeking behavior, comorbidities, and employment type. We recommend that alternative health providers be educated on the basic science of HIV/AIDS to help them offer appropriate support to PLHIV who visit them for care. Additionally, PLHIV should be supported to engage in less energy demanding employment options.
Sprinting in a Marathon: Nursing Staff and Nurse Leaders Make Meaning of Practicing in COVID-19 Devoted Units Pre-Vaccine
Authors: McAndrew Natalie S. , Rosa William E. , Moore Kaylen M. , Christianson Jacqueline , AbuZahra Tala , Mussatti Megann , McCracken Colleen , Newman Amy R. , Calkins Kelly , Breakwell Susan , Klink Katie , Guttormson Jill
Published: March 2023

Objective

To describe the lived experience of nursing staff and nurse leaders working in COVID-19 devoted units (intensive care or medical unit) prior to vaccine availability.

Research Design

Qualitative phenomenological design with a focus group approach.

Methods

The study team recruited a convenience sample of nursing staff (nurses, and nursing assistants/nurse technicians) and nurse leaders (managers, assistant nurse managers, clinical nurse specialists, and nurse educators) at an academic medical center in the midwestern United States. Focus groups and individual interviews were conducted to encourage participants to describe their (1) experiences as nursing professionals, (2) coping strategies, and (3) perspectives about supportive resources. Moral distress was measured with the moral distress thermometer and qualitative data were analyzed with Giorgi-style phenomenology.

Results

We conducted 10 in-person focus groups and five one-on-one interviews ( n  =  44). Seven themes emerged: (1) the reality of COVID-19: we are sprinting in a marathon; (2) acute/critical care nurse leaders experience unique burdens; (3) acute/critical care staff nurses experience unique burdens; (4) meaning of our lived experience; (5) what helped us during the pandemic; (6) what hurt us during the pandemic; and (7) we are not okay. Participants reported a moderate level of moral distress ( M  =  5.26 SD  =  2.31). They emphasized that peer support was preferred over other types of support offered by the healthcare organization. Participants expressed positive feedback about the focus group experience and commented that group processing validated their experiences and helped them “feel heard.”

Conclusion

These findings affirm the need for trauma-informed care and grief support for nurses, interventions that increase meaning in work, and efforts to enhance primary palliative communication skills. Study findings can inform efforts to tailor existing interventions and develop new, more comprehensive resources to meet the psychosocial needs of nursing staff and nurse leaders practicing during a pandemic.
Making morbidity multiple: History, legacies, and possibilities for global health
Authors: Dixon Justin , Mendenhall Emily , Bosire Edna N , Limbani Felix , Ferrand Rashida A , Chandler Clare I R
Published: March 2023

Multimorbidity has been framed as a pressing global health challenge that exposes the limits of systems organised around single diseases. This article seeks to expand and strengthen current thinking around multimorbidity by analysing its construction within the field of global health. We suggest that the significance of multimorbidity lies not only in challenging divisions between disease categories but also in what it reveals about the culture and history of transnational biomedicine. Drawing on social research from sub-Saharan Africa to ground our arguments, we begin by describing the historical processes through which morbidity was made divisible in biomedicine and how the single disease became integral not only to disease control but to the extension of biopolitical power. Multimorbidity, we observe, is hoped to challenge single disease approaches but is assembled from the same problematic, historically-loaded categories that it exposes as breaking down. Next, we highlight the consequences of such classificatory legacies in everyday lives and suggest why frameworks and interventions to integrate care have tended to have limited traction in practice. Finally, we argue that efforts to align priorities and disciplines around a standardised biomedical definition of multimorbidity risks retracing the same steps. We call for transdisciplinary work across the field of global health around a more holistic, reflexive understanding of multimorbidity that foregrounds the culture and history of translocated biomedicine, the intractability of single disease thinking, and its often-adverse consequences in local worlds. We outline key domains within the architecture of global health where transformation is needed, including care delivery, medical training, the organisation of knowledge and expertise, global governance, and financing.