bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oxidation Removal of Elemental Mercury from Flue Gas by K2S2O8
Authors: Liu Sheng Yu , Liu Ping , Nengzi Li Chao , Qiu Wei , Lu Cheng Wei
Published: October 2012

The important step for increasing gaseous elemental mercury (Hg0) removal in wet scrubber systems is altering the chemical form of the Hg0to a water-soluble oxidized species. This work focuses on the removal of elemental mercury from simulated flue gas by aqueous K2S2O8in a bubble reactor. In the system of K2S2O8oxidize Hg0, the reaction velocity of K2S2O8and Hg0is soon. Reached a higher removal rate after 10min. Increase the concentration of K2S2O8can remarkably improve the removal rate of Hg0to 85% With the rise of import mercury concentration has increased mercury removal rate to 89.5%.
Discuss on the Air Curtain Dehumidification Technology Program of Underground Engineering
Authors: Jiang Hai Bo , Zhao Yun Peng , Cheng Zhong Qing
Published: October 2012

To solve the moisture problem at the hallway near the protective door of the underground engineering, an air curtain dehumidification technology program has been proposed and discussed. For the moist air from the protective door, the air curtain dehumidifier can be used to control its flow direction: all moist air will directly enter the inlet of the dehumidifier by the action of negative pressure gradient without any ventilation duct. The main technical features of the program are that, the air curtain dehumidifier should be installed at the corner of the ground or hanged on the wall beside the inner side of the protective door, which inlet and outlet should be collocated in the level and along the long direction of the underground engineering; the dehumidifier rotating speed should be controlled by the humidity and the inflow speed of the fresh air. Preliminary studies indicates that this technical solution is feasible, but still there are a lot of details that need to be studied in follow-up research process.
Research Progress on Organic Pollution in the Indoor Air of Urban Residences in China
Authors: Chen Jing , Zhu Neng , Shi Xin Li
Published: October 2012

This review summarizes the organic pollution in the indoor air of Chinese urban residences according to the order of time. Generally, Chinese researchers paid more attention to organic pollutants such as formaldehyde, the benzene series and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in dwellings. Their concentrations were analyzed in urban residences, especially in newly decorated residences on the basis of field tests previously reported in the Chinese literature. The results indicate that there are obvious differences in the concentrations of the same kind of components in different urban residences. The concentrations in excess of the concentration limits for formaldehyde, the benzene series exist in the initial stage following completion of interior decoration. The concentrations of the different components for PAHs are obviously different in urban dwellings.
Granger Causality Test between Oil Consumption and Gross Domestic Product of China Based on the Provincial Panel Data Analysis
Authors: Li Yan Hong
Published: October 2012

This paper, based on the Provincial Panel Data of 30 provinces during 1995~2010 period, applies the panel unit root, heterogeneous panel co-integration and panel based error correction models to re-investigate co-movement and the causality between oil consumption and GDP. The results show that there is one-way directional causality from energy consumption to GDP in the western area, and one-way causality from GDP to energy consumption in the central area, while no causality between energy consumption and GDP exists in the eastern area.
Study on Rural Infrastructure Optimal Portfolio
Authors: Hu Yun Xiang , Li Hui Min , Sai Yun Xiu , Tian Wei
Published: October 2012

Markowitz mean-variance model was the first applied to study rural infrastructure investment and a rural infrastructure optimal portfolio was established to find the optimal investment proportion of rural infrastructures with maximum total return. Fuzzy mathematical method was used to model solution for the fuzziness of rural infrastructure return and rural Shaanxi was taken as an application tested the feasibility of the model.
Reflection on China’s Development of Low-Carbon Logistics
Authors: Yuan Yan Min , Zhao Yu
Published: October 2012

The transformation of global economy into a low-carbon mode is an irreversible trend today.Low-carbon logistics will be a hot spot in logistics industry。This paper first introduces the environmental backgroud and international situation of China’s logistics industry. Through the analysis of current situation of China’s logistics industry,points out the areas to be improved in carbon emissions.Finally drops an conclusion of taking measures in both forward and reverse logistics to cut down carbon emissions.Besides,by the way of tracking carbon footprint to record carbon emissions so that to manage and control it in real-time.
The New Technique of Energy-Saving Control in Airport Winter Construction
Authors: Liu Yan , Liu Jun
Published: October 2012

This paper develops the material temperature predicting and energy-saving control technique and its specialist-aided system in order to reduce energy consumption on airport jobsite. This technique can predict the changing temperature trend after concrete material pouring and the changing maturity level of concrete, according to the key parameter information that contractors provide. Giving the results the preceding data, it can provide the optimal curing method, thermal insulation and construction technology. This technique helps contractors find optimal solutions to save energy and resources in airport winter construction and avoid the unnecessary energy consumption.
The Effect of Critical Regionalism Thoughts in Architecture on Contemporary Chinese Architecture - Localization Trend of Chinese Architecture in 21st Century
Authors: Zhang Chang Rui , Tian Yong , Ren Deng Jun
Published: October 2012

This thesis makes an in-depth research on the contemporary condition and future trend of the critical regionalism in Chinese architectural field. In the world multi-cultural pattern, academic circles show more and more attention to and concern about local civilization. As a participator of social practice, architect is responsible for maintaining the insistence and sustainable development of local civilization. Chinese architects are preceding with a misbelief that heritage and adoption of “modernism” does not premise on the doubt and repulsion of “universalism” civilization, just as their counterparts in advanced countries in early years. How to treat technology, art, philosophy, tradition and innovation correctly is a lasting historic subject for Chinese architect.
Research of the Building Energy Efficiency Data Analysis Based on Time Series Algorithm in Anhui Province, China
Authors: Fang Ting Yong , Chen Jun , Fang Mei Xiang , Wang Jing
Published: October 2012

Nowadays the researches of building energy efficiency mainly focus on the development of the related technologies and management measures, but the regional policy EIA have a greater impact on the development of building energy efficiency in China. In this paper, the statistical data combined with the actual situation of building energy efficiency during the period of the Eleventh-Five-Year in Anhui Province, China. Use exponential smoothing method of time series algorithm for forecast and analysis of building energy consumption and energy saving in Anhui Province. First, take six different values as the exponential smoothing constants, the predictive values are calculated under the different exponential smoothing constants. Then compare and analyze the curves through the errors between the predictive values and the actual values, and determine the group of the curves of which the trend closest to the trend of actual values. For the actual data are affected by many kinds of factors that exist fluctuations, the method for predictive values correction was put forward. Using the trend extrapolation, the predictive values is corrected. Also provides theoretical guidance for the future work in Anhui Province and other similar places.
VOCs Recovery Technology Status on Chinese Oil Terminal
Authors: Wang Xuan Ya , Chen Ya Ze , Geng Hong , Gao Jie
Published: October 2012

VOCs recovery technology on Chinese oil terminal has been listed as one of five “key energy saving and reduction projects during 12nd five years plan period” by Water Department of MOT, which can bring huge economic benefit. These technologies are mature in some international countries. Chinese VOCs system on Oil terminal are in the status of “initial stage', both the system and regulation required to improve a lot, which the implemented extent also be affected due to special problems caused by Chinese national condition. This paper compared the difference between domestic and international oil terminal VOCs recovery technology, listed the current development situation and barriers of VOCs recovery technology on oil terminal, and also analyzed the issues that should be resolved for extending VOCs technology on oil terminal. A brief introduction about started work be gave at the end of this paper. ￼￼￼￼￼￼￼￼￼￼￼￼￼￼
Contrast Test between Pre-Ozonation and Pre-Chlorination on Effects of Turbidity Removal in Slightly Polluted Surface Water
Authors: Zhang Hong Zhuan , Zhang Zhen Jia , Zhang Cui Yi , Lu Yang
Published: October 2012

The comparative pilot experiments were conducted by using two medium-scale test equipments. All the raw water was taken from upstream of Huangpu River in Shanghai, China. The turbidity is studied for the output water of pre-ozonation process compared with that of pre-chlorination process. It was found that the effects of turbidity removal by pre-ozonation process were significantly better than that of pre-chlorination process in both the sedimentation tanks effluent and filters effluent.
Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal in Synthetic Domestic Wastewater Using SBBR Technology
Authors: Jin Yun Xiao , Li Xue Lin
Published: October 2012

Biological nitrogen phosphorus removal by the use of Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor (SBBR) is today an accepted and well proven technology. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performances of nitrogen and phosphorus removal in this laboratory-scale SBBR in treating synthetic domestic wastewater. The system was designed to handle at C/N ratio changing from 10:1, 5:1 to 3.3:1. The results were shown the average removal efficiencies of total phosphorus (TP) in this system were remarkable (>94.0%), however, the average removal efficiencies of total nitrogen (TN) reached 87.2%, 65.4%, 46.1% respectively as C/N ratio changing from 10:1, 5:1 to 3.3:1. Therefore we could reach a conclusion that the SBBR have the remarkable performance at the C/N ratios of 10:1 and 5:1, and the system is suitable to treat domestic or municipal wastewater.
Principal Component Analysis of Eutrophication in the Yangtze River Estuary
Authors: An Qiang , Lin Lu , Liu Yuan Yuan , Huang Ning Qiu , Zhao Bin
Published: October 2012

The Yangtze River Estuary has become increasingly challenged by various destructive threats to its ecosystem such as the frequent occurrence of harmful algal blooms. Four cruises were carried out in the Yangtze River Estuary and its adjacent area in 2006. Ten variables including CODMn, PO43--P, SiO3-Si, NO3--N, NO2--N, NH4+-N, TN, TP, TOC and chl-a were analyzed by exploratory data analysis. Nitrate was the dominant form of TN throughout the year. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to estimate the sources of nutrients contamination in 2006. Two principal components (PCs) were extracted, namely, CODMn, PO43--P, NO3--N and TN for PC1, NO2--N and chl-a for PC2. Influenced by anthropogenic sewage, PC1 near Shidongkou, Bailonggang, Xinhe and Zhuyuan outlets was higher than other stations. The primary influencing factor of PC1 were the contaminants carried by runoff from the Yangtze River. And the dominating factors of eutrophication in 2006 were CODMn, PO43--P, NO3--N, TN and chl-a in the Yangtze River Estuary and its adjacent area.
The Removal of Phosphate by Coal Gangue from Wastewater
Authors: Zhang Fang Juan , Zhang Hua Yong , Zhang Lu Yi
Published: October 2012

The feasibility of coal gangue as an adsorbent for phosphate removal from wastewater was investigated. The results showed that the equilibrium data were well fit to Langmuir isotherm model and the maximum adsorption capacity calculated was 2.49 mg/g at 25°C. The adsorption process followed pseudo-second order model. And the practical waste water experiment indecated that the phosphate concentration of real sewage decreased from 0.625mg/L to 0.121mg/L. These results suggested that coal gangue can be used as an adsorbent to removal phosphate from wastewater.
The Simulation Research on Non-Point Source Pollution in Lianshui Watershed
Authors: Long Yuan Nan , Jiang Chang Bo , Hu Shi Xiong , Chu Bei
Published: October 2012

Non-point source pollution (NPSP) is an important factor that affects water quality. To study the effect of the pollution on water quality, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is applied to simulate runoff and nutrient concentrations in the Lianshui Watershed. In the monthly time step, the model’s Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient and the coefficient of determination indicated that the values of simulated runoff, nutrient concentrations are acceptably closer to the measured data. Then, the study concluded that NPSP is the dominant factor affecting the water quality of the Lianshui River. Finally, the study also explored the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of NPSP in the watershed.
Evaluation on Risk of Non-Point Source Pollution in Dayanghe Watershed Based on GIS
Authors: Suo An Ning , Wang Hua Ru , Fu Yuan Bin
Published: October 2012

Four indices which include surface runoff, soil erosion, agricultural nutrient loss, human and animal feces were selected and method to evaluate risk of non-point source pollution in watershed was constructed based on GIS. As a case, non-point source pollution in Dayanghe was evaluated. Results showed that very high risk area of non-point source pollution accounted for 3.41% area of the watershed, mainly located in farmland with steep slope along upper valley of the watershed. High risk area of non-point source pollution was located in farmland and human settlement placecs, accounted for 16.40% area of the watershed. Areas with low risk of non-point source pollution was riverbeds, shrub and grassland in eastern and western hilly with steep slope. Areas with lower risk of non-point source pollution located in middle of the watershed and accounted for 60.55% area. GIS-based risk evaluation system of non-point source pollution can reflect real map of pollution in the Dayanghe watershed and give implication for protection plan.
Synthesis and Arsenic Removal on Ferruginous Manganese Ore Composite Materials
Authors: Huang Yong Bing , Dong Jing , Li Xian Juan , Wang Li Li , Li Ye , Tu Shu Xin
Published: October 2012

Ferrum manganese composite materials (1-3μm) had been successfully synthesized by low-cost ferruginous manganese ore in wet granulation to treat the arsenic wastewater effectively. The experiment showed when the cement content was 10%, the amount of saw dust was 5% and roasting temperature was 250°C, the composite materials was able to meet the demand of the particles strength and the removal rates of As(Ⅲ) and As(Ⅴ) were up to 85.25% and 80.13% respectively. The analysis for the materials of adsorption effect factors indicated as pH value increased, the removal rate reduced. The temperature was in an opposite way. Within 0-40min, the adsorption of arsenic became better and better. After 60min, the process basically reached the adsorption equilibrium. In addition, the removal rate also reduced following with the increasing dosing quantity of SO42- and HPO42-. Especially the HPO42- influenced it heavily. Therefore, it was important to control the content of HPO42- for the arsenic removal.
A Novel Method of Switch Machine Gap Monitoring Based on Fiber Bragg Grating
Authors: Zhang Lei , Dong De Cun , Lin Jun Ting , Yuan Zhi Peng , Mao Jie Yi
Published: October 2012

The switch machine gap monitoring technology is the main technology to detect the turnout’s service status and ensure the operational safety. This paper deduces a mathematical model of the gap monitoring on the basis of the analysis of the gap monitoring techniques and the working principle of the switch machine. It uses the Fiber Bragg Grating technology to extract and analyze the gap data. The results show that the use of Fiber Bragg Grating could get a more accurate monitoring of the gap, and provide a more reliable support for the switch machine maintenance at the same time.
The Application of Internet of Things (IOT) Technology in the Safety Monitoring System for Hoisting Machines
Authors: Zhao Hua Dong , Wang He Zheng , Liu Guo Ning , Li Cheng , Zhao Ming Hao
Published: October 2012

Good accessibility to the internet, cheap and reliable wireless sensor network (WSN), together with the explosion of ubiquitous wireless devices like computers, PDA and smart-phones etc, extend the application of the Internet of Things (IOT) technology from traditional fields such as the logistics to engineering fields in which the real-time monitoring of the function and the reliability or safety of machines or engineering structures like bridges becomes more and more crucial. The work in this paper aims at the development of a monitoring system for the type of cranes which are used to hoist heavy loads in the open air environment by using the technology of IOT. And a safety monitoring system, which consists of both hardware unit and software, has been developed and is now being practically applied in engineering. The software of the system is developed on NET platform and the operating platform is Windows operating system.
A Research on the Big City Sculptures System Design Based on Sustainable Development
Authors: Wang He
Published: October 2012

In recent years, many Chinese city sculptures have been removed or demolished in a relatively short life under the pressure of public opinion disputes or planning changes, which resulted in waste of resources. It is necessary to implement the sustainable development concept that has been widely used in building project field. Due to the particularity, complexity and extensive connection with construction, the contents, forms, materials and techniques of large city sculptures should be designed from the perspectives of society, artificial and natural system theory to ensure a long life of physics and art, which will play an important role in urban culture construction.
Current Status of Green Space and Plant Disposition in the Urban Road Landscape Design
Authors: Zhou Xu , Zhang Lin , Zhang Zhao Fei
Published: October 2012

This study conducts investigations on the plants and plant landscaping in the two regions - Huangxing Commercial Pedestrian Street and Furong Road, which are representative and with relative concentration of population flow and traffic flow. The statistics results show that there are a total of 21 families and 25 species of ornamental plants applied in Huangxing Pedestrian Street, of which arbors and shrubs are widely used with 11 species of arbors, and 11 species of small arbors and shrubs; in terms of plant families, plants from Oleaceae, Pinaceae and Celastraceae families are more frequently used. There are a total of 12 families and 15 species of ornamental plants applied in the Furong Road, of which shrubs are more extensively used with 10 species; in terms of plant family and genera, plants from Oleaceae, Rosaceae and Theaceae families are more frequently used. On this basis, and combining with the different plant combinations and collocations, this paper conducts comparative analysis on the regional landscape arrangement modes and features, and points out the shortcomings of plant species richness and landscape levels in the plant landscapes of the two regions.
Study on Factors Influence the Positioning of Commercial Property
Authors: Wang Mu Liang , Luo Fu Zhou
Published: October 2012

Recently，because of the transformation of the economic regulation policy and the strict mortgage regulation policy，many developers is showing the increasing enthusiasm about the commercial property. However, many of them is only developing residential or developing both of them. As a result, it will lead to a lower preliminary planning level and not solid positioning work before the start of many projects. Then they can’t make a rational investment and make their decision scientific. Of course, they can’t accomplish the desired objectives. This paper aims at studying on hot spot in real estate industry that factors influence the positioning of commercial property. It is hoped that it can provide the reference for other researchers.
Testing and Analysis of Roof Garden on the Residential Building in Xi'an
Authors: Di Yu Hui , Jiang Jing
Published: October 2012

Through an actual test of the planting on the roof, observes the main climatic factors of roof surfaces about the the grass layer of green roof and the concrete roof.Study and analysis the variation of the temperature and the relative humidity of surface temperature and the air inside and outside during the daytime. Studies have shown that the application of green roof can change the temperature and humidity to decrease the temperature of the roof surface.Thereby reduces the indoor air temperature and drop the outdoor local relative humidity.
Analysis of Using West Lake Scenic Spot’s Visual Space as Reference for Xi’an Peach Blossom Lake Scenic Spot
Authors: Long Ting , Dong Lu Di
Published: October 2012

China has a long history of art of landscape architecture, which is very broad and profound. The ancient landscape designers left us lots of classic landscape designs. How to develop and innovate when using these classic designs as references is the problem that our modern landscape designers should think about. This article takes an example of Xi’an Peach blossom lake scenic spot’s design, analyzes how to develop and innovate when use West Lake scenic spot as reference, and gives the author’s views of the combination of referencing and innovating in landscape design.
The Landscape Restoration Conception of Yuelu Academy Scenic Zone
Authors: He Li Bo , Xiong Xing Yao
Published: October 2012

Yuelu Academy is one of the four most prestigious academies in the history, its architecture part had been reconstructed in 1980’s, but the garden landscape lacked unified design. Nowadays, the garden landscape of academy is losing its poetic imagery gradually. Under the principle of respecting history and spreading garden tradition, the conception of improving landscape axis for the academy and restoring Eight Scenes of Yuelu Academy is proposed for the overall restoration of the academy landscape. It is meaningful for setting a good example for the Chinese classical academy’s garden and replenishing the traditional garden art.
Research on Sports Building Low-Carbon Design Strategies
Authors: Shi Li Gang , Dong Yu
Published: October 2012

This article induced external condition and internal factors of the sports building system firstly. Then it discussed the necessity and possibility of integration sports building design with low-carbon idea. Furthermore it investigated different essential factors which constitutes the sports building system, proposed systematic design strategies such as function conformity adapting, highly effective structure shaping, rainwater utilization, solar energy utilization and so on. Finally this article brought forward integration design mentality unified the architectural education and practices.
The Study of the Restrain on the Development of Low-Carbon Building
Authors: Ma Zhen Dong , Xie Ping Sheng
Published: October 2012

This article intended to analyze the factors that affect the development of low-carbon building, to establish a low-carbon building Influencing factors framework system with social, economic, technique, management index, combining Analytic Hierarchy Process and DEMATEL method, to provide reference for the authority to promote low-carbon building by processing the influential factor in the framework and providing 5 key factors that restrain the development of low-carbon building.
Evolution and Status Analysis of Settlements’ Supporting Public Buildings in Jinzhou City
Authors: Liu Chun Xiang , Sun Bing , Xia Miao
Published: October 2012

According to the analysis of evolution mechanisms and status of supporting public service facilities in settlements of Jinzhou city, we have explored the effectiveness of principles and indicators related to public buildings supporting in GB “Urban Residential Area Planning and Design Specifications” and thought the problems exist in currently supporting public buildings preliminarily. Then we propose that the establishment and improvement of local adaptive standards of settlements’ supporting public buildings are necessary and the proposal to establish and integrate the system of settlements’ supporting public buildings under the framework of the basic “principle” and “standard”.
An Ideal-Point-Based Approach to Coal Mining Area Land Development Suitability Evaluation
Authors: Jiang Yun , Wang Bao Jun , Pang Bo
Published: October 2012

The concept of coal mining area land (CMAL) development suitability was defined, and evaluation index system of CMAL was constructed by AHP. Considering the characteristic of linguistic-based attribute, an ideal-point-based approach to CMAL development suitability evaluation was introduced. Based on the definition of positive ideal-point and deviation, deviation between alternative and positive ideal-point of alternative were given, and the process of ideal-point-based approach to CMAL development suitability evaluation was also provided. Taking Jixi coal mining area in Heilongjiang province as an application case, and its land development suitability was evaluated. The result shows that the method of ideal-point-based approach to CMAL development suitability evaluation is effective.
Non-Cooperative Game Between Governments and Landlord in Land Planning
Authors: He Xin , Yang Chun Hui
Published: October 2012

The game between central government local government and land user were structured and analyzed. The aim is to explore the equilibrium strategies between policy maker, executor and target groups in the process of policy making and implementing in land planning. The reasonable planning and approval system should be established to solve the current problems in land use, the overall interests of the regions should be considered from the perspective land use planning.
A Fuzzy-Dominance-Driven RMLS-BLGA and its Application in Traffic Route Guidance
Authors: Wang Gao Ping , Zhao Wei Wei
Published: October 2012

In this paper , we study the fuzzification of the pareto dominance relation and its application in traffic route guidance. A generic ranking scheme is presented that assigns dominance degrees to any set of vectors in a scale-independent, nonsymmetric and set-dependent manner. Different fuzzy-based definitions of optimality and dominated solution are introduced. The corresponding extension of the RMLS-BLGA, so-called Fuzzy-Dominance-Driven RMLS-BLGA (FRMLS-BLGA), will be presented as well. To verify the usefulness of such an approach, the approach is tested on analytical test cases in order to show its validity . The solutions, provided by the proposed algorithm for the Traffic route guidance model,are promising when compared with an existing well-known algorithm.
Classification Research Based on the Congestion of Urban Intersection
Authors: Yu Jing Fei , Wang Li , Gong Xiu Ling
Published: October 2012

This paper analyzes the current status of the intersection traffic congestion calculation and proposes a method of calculating the intersection traffic congestion and classifying intersection. This method adopts the average delay, saturation and queue length as the index to calculate intersection congestion. 10 intersections, Baotou city, were taken as example to analyze finally, the results show that classification results was more accurate
Safety Assessment of Inshore Towing Operations for Heavy Cargo
Authors: Su Chen , Xie Xin Lian , Ma Meng Zhi , Li Xiao Jun
Published: October 2012

To evaluate and compare the safety level of alternative plans prepared for a towing activity that bears various risks, a novel assessment framework is worked out for inshore towing operations for heavy cargo. The assessment framework mainly includes a set of criteria with hierarchical structure drawn from towing plans and evidential reasoning theory as data aggregation approach. Case study shows that the framework is rational and applicable in the safety assessment of inshore towing operations.
The Study of New Distribution Mode of Distributing Fresh Agriculture Products by Using the Urban Rail Transit - Take Beijing for Example
Authors: He Ming Ke , Yin Juan Juan , Yang Hao Xiong
Published: October 2012

This paper studied the foreign standpoints of using the rail transit for freight, and analyzed the problems about the fresh produce distribution model in mainland cities. Take Beijing for example, the paper analyzed the characters of urban rail transition. The results show that the distribution model of fresh produce by using the urban rail transit could effectively resolve the fresh produce distribution problems in cities. Then, this paper designed the technological process of distribution model by using the rail transit for fresh agriculture products, the principles of distribution line planning and the infrastructure construction and reform.
An Improved Ant Colony Algorithm for the Location of Logistics Center
Authors: Zhi Guo Jian , Li Zhuang Kuo
Published: October 2012

Logistics center selection is a traditional problem which many scholars study. But it has no solution because of complexity of the problem. The selection of the correct towns as logistics center is very difficult, particularly when the number of the towns is very large. This paper presents the ant colony algorithm for the selection of logistics center, and selects the logistics center by the pheromone. Firstly, we present a mathematical model, and then test the feasible of the ant colony algorithm by simulation. The result shows that the ant colony algorithm is feasible for logistics center selections
Research Status and Perspective on Consolidation Techniques for Conserving the Earthen Architecture Sites in China
Authors: Liu Ping , Zhang Hu Yuan , Zhang Ming , Wang Xu Dong , Guo Qing Lin , Zhao Lin Yi
Published: October 2012

This paper reviews the present situation of research on earthen architecture sites protection in China from the diseases of the earthen architecture sites, reinforcement technologies and materials, non-destructive testing technology and seismic stability reinforcement, and points out the main existing problems. The author holds that China should carry out the top design of the protection research topics as soon as possible to identify the core scientific problems and strengthen the cultivation of the research team; construct the earthen site simulation laboratory in field to research the disease mechanism in a large scale from multi-field coupling analysis; start the scientific research work on the traditional reinforcement materials and techniques and emphasize the application of the traditional reversible reinforcing technique; establish the post evaluation system on the reinforcement effect and make the long-term tracking of the protective effect of the existing reinforcing projects to put an end to the protective destruction; supports the development and application of the non-destructive technology in the field of heritage preservation.
Cost Risk Assessment for Large Hydropower Project Based on the Probability Distribution
Authors: Zhang Nian Mu , Luo Fu Lai , Bi Lei , Hu Lian Xing
Published: October 2012

Probability distribution is adopted to evaluate the cost risk of large hydropower project. Risk factors are firstly identified through Work Breakdown Structure(WBS), Cost Breakdown Structure(CBS) and Risk Breakdown Structure(RBS), and then individual risk factor probability distribution is measured by method combined Monte Carlo simulation model and the controlled interval memory (CIM) model. By superimposing individual ones, probability distribution of cost under the influence of a number of risk factors is achieved, which provides effective information for investment decision and cost control.
Experimental and Numerical Study of 3D Hydrodynamic Characteristics in an Excavated Harbor Basin
Authors: Liu Hu Ying , Jiang Chang Bo , Deng Bin , Guan Zhi Xin
Published: October 2012

As a kind of common port layout forms, excavated harbor basin was widely applied with its many advantages. But the sediment transport processes and water motion in such harbor are complex and of obvious three-dimensional characteristics affected by a lot of factors. To investigate the 3D hydrodynamic characteristics in an excavated harbor basin, experimental research based on PIV technology and numerical study through a 3D code with DES turbulence model has been developed respectively. The 3D hydrodynamic and sediment deposition characteristics in the harbor have been indicated successfully in this paper.
Application of Dynamic Mesh in Analysis of Propeller Hydrodynamic Characteristics
Authors: Wu Fang Liang , Peng Ya Ling , Zhang Zhi Guo , Wang Guo Dong
Published: October 2012

This paper presents a numerical procedure to investigate the hydrodynamic performance and flow field of propeller with the aid of dynamic mesh. The purpose of the study is to validate a hybrid mesh generation strategy and dynamic mesh technology. Computations were performed at various advance ratios following experimental conditions. Results for both global and local flow quantities are discussed and compared with experimental data. The predicted thrust and torque are in good agreement with the experimental values. The overall results suggest that the present approach is practicable for actual propeller design procedure.
Hydrodynamic Characteristics in Ecological Arc-Shaped Baffle Fishway
Authors: Yu Fei , Wang Jia Yuan , Xie Li Quan
Published: October 2012

Fishways are hydraulic structures allowing fishes upstream migration through engineering constructions in the rivers. The Denil type has a wide application and the main components are flat baffles. In this paper, we present a new type of baffle (arc-shaped baffle) to ameliorate the hydrodynamic characteristics in the fishway. The main improvement of arc-shaped baffle fishway is the alteration that the flat baffles are replaced by arc-baffles. In order to investigate the influence of water flow on migratory fish in the arc-baffle fishway, model tests were conducted. Based on the experimental results, the conclusion can be reached that hydrodynamic characteristics in arc-shaped baffle fishways are steadier than that in traditional Denil fishways, which makes fishes ascend easily.
Research on Turbulent Boundary Layer Development of Hydraulic Jump Region with the Theory of Plane Adhesive Wall Jet Flow
Authors: Zhang Zhi Chang , Li Ruo Bing , Zhao Ying , Fu Ming Huan
Published: October 2012

【Objective】The calculation of turbulent boundary layer development in hydraulic jump region is put forwarded.【Method】According to the analysis of predecessors’ researches about plane adhesive wall jet flow of rectangular channel, Based on the momentum integral equation of turbulent boundary layer and the velocity distribution formula of adhesive wall jet flow, turbulent boundary layer development of hydraulic jump region in rectangular channel is researched.【Result】Formulas of the development of boundary layer in hydraulic jump region and drag coefficient are obtained, the accuracy of equations are verified by the example. 【Conclusion】The calculation has enlightened effect on the hydraulic characteristics of hydraulic jump.
Energy Loss during Density Current Flowing through Width Abrupt Changed Channel
Authors: Zhang Pan , Li Shu Xia , Sun Wei Ying , Gu Lie Ya
Published: October 2012

When density current flowing through width abrupt changed channel, produced local energy loss will have some impact on density current transport. Especially for Xiaolangdi reservoir which has such a complex terrain，this effect even greater. This paper on the basis of turbid density current in width abrupt changed channel studies，through theoretical analysis，obtained the formula about upstream and downstream hydraulic factors and local energy loss. The formula was verified by Xiaoliangdi antetype observation data and channel experiment data, the inaccuracy of results were analyzed, through verification , got the satisfactory results.
Research of Erosion, Cavitation and Their Interactive Wears of Fluid Machinery Three-Phase Flow
Authors: Tang Yong , Liang Liang , Pang You Xia , Zhu Zong Ming , Xu Yan
Published: October 2012

There are erosion and cavitation in the wear of flow passage components of fluid machinery at the same time. With simulating the working conditions of hydraulic turbine, this paper studies the flow field (pressure field and fluid concentration distribution) of vapor-liquid-solid three-phase on the surface of test rotary table when there are erosion, cavitation and interactive wear on the test rotary table under different environmental pressure with computational fluid dynamics i.e. CFD method, and erosion and cavitation interactive wear test is made on the rotary wear test-bed. The results show that during interaction, the pressure on test piece surface is higher than that in erosion and cavitation, and both high pressure area and bubble area appear near the cavitation hole which is shown as fish-tail shape; with the environmental pressure increased and the interaction, the pressures on test piece surface and bubble are increased, and wear is thereupon increased; Under the interaction, the numerically computational area with many bubbles and big pressure gradient is basically the same as test piece wearing area, so the numerical computational results are consistent with the test results well.
Prediction of the Maximum Riverbed Erosion Depth nearby the River-Crossing Tunnel in Nanchang Reach of Ganjiang River
Authors: Tang Li Mo , Liu Quan Shuai , Liu Gui Ping , Tang Hong Wu , Xiao Yang
Published: October 2012

Nanchang rail transit project line1 was programmed to drill through the Ganjiang river bottom of the reach approximately 700m downstream from the Nanchang Bridge. The prediction of maximum erosion depth of the river bed at the tunnel location was strongly needed. This paper described the composition and evolution of the river bed in the engineering reach, established a 2-D flow and sediment mathematical model to calculate and analyze the river bed evolution at the tunnel location, selected the typical hydrological years of erosion calculation, catastrophic floods and a long series of hydrological years as the hydrological conditions, and finally obtained the maximum erosion depth under different hydrological conditions. These results will provide technical reference for the tunnel design.
Study of Critical Values of Sediment Concentration for the Change from Deposition to Erosion in Yangtze Delta
Authors: Yang Yun Ping , Li Yi Tian , Fan Yong Yang , Han Jian Qiao
Published: October 2012

The deposition rate of the delta decreased when seawards sediment decreased. The critical values of sediment concentration mean the concentration which kept balance of erosion and deposition. According to the topography data of Yangtze estuary between 1958 and 2007, the change process of the isobaths is established. Based on the datum line of east longitude 122°17′, the empirical relation between the erosion/deposition rate of delta and the sediment amount was built and the critical values were calculated. The trend of the change of sediment concentration was also forecasted. The isobaths of -10 m, -15 m and -20 m have been eroded from 2000 to 2007 because of the decrease of the sediment discharge into the sea. The critical values of the isobaths of -10m, -15m, -20m is 24.88, 24.23, 20.40 million tons per year and the numbers are decreasing in the deep sea.
Experimental Study on Changes of Sloping Sandy Bed Profile under Breaking Waves
Authors: Pan Yun , Cheng Yong Zhou , Li Qing Feng , Wang Wen Cheng
Published: October 2012

The wave breaking forces can exacerbate sediment transport, and lead to erosion of the seabed, coastal deformation and destruction of coastal structures. The experiment is carried out in a wave flume with a 1:30 sloping sandy seabed. A wide range of measurements from the regular wave runs are reported, including time series of wave heights, changes of bed profile. The video records are analysed to measure the time development of the seabed form and the characteristics of the orbital motion of the sand in the wave breaking region. The location and wave height at wave breaking point is measured by experiment. Formation and evolution of sand ripple and sand bar are studied under the breaking waves. It is found that effect of bed surface on wave breaking zone is more significant than wave non-breaking.
Generalized Model Study on Tidal Wave Transformation in Estuaries where Sluices are Constructed
Authors: Zhang Xin Zhou , Wang Xiang Ming , Dou Xi Ping , Zhao Xiao Dong , Zhu Ming Cheng
Published: October 2012

A generalized model is established and theoretical basis of model design and the model layout are illustrated. Simulation study on the phenomenon of tidal wave transformation with different length of irrigation channel through generalized physical model is carried out, and several conclusions are obtained. The length of irrigation channel influences tidal wave transformation obviously, including the difference of tidal process under various conditions, different trends of tidal range along the irrigation channel and the change of velocity ratio of flood and ebb tide with the length changing.
Study on Wave Spectra in South Coastal Waters of Jiangsu
Authors: Feng Wei Bin , Yang Bin , Cao Hai Jing , Ni Xing Ye
Published: October 2012

The paper examined the spectral characteristics of shallow water waves, which was based on the wave data collected along the south coast of Jiangsu. It proposes a tentative spectra model which can work better than Joint North Sea Wave Project (JONSWAP)spectra. Both of the value of tentative spectral parameters (α and γ) increase with significant wave height and spectral peak frequency. According to a regression analysis, empirical equations are achieved, which is related to the parameters with significant wave height and spectral peak frequency. The study shows that the measured wave spectra can be represented by tentative spectra, and the fitting results in high-frequency tail of tentative spectra are better than that of JONSWAP spectrum with modified parameters.
Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Flow Turbulence on the Adsorption of Phosphorus onto Sediment Particles
Authors: Xia Bo , Zhang Qing He , Yang Jing Si , Jiang Chang Bo
Published: October 2012

The mechanism of flow turbulence, sediment concentration and sediment grain size that effect the adsorption of phosphorus (P) onto sediment particles in natural waters are experimentally studied both in batch reactors and in an oscillating grid turbulence simulation device. In batch reactor experiments, both of phosphorus sorption isotherms and phosphorus sorption kinetics were studied, and the experimental data was fitted by Langmuir sorption model. The results indicated that both of the phosphorus sorption capacity and phosphorus sorption efficiency are closely related to sediment concentration and sediment grain size. In the oscillating grid turbulence simulation device, it is possible to control the turbulence intensity in two ways, by changing the frequency of the grid and controlling the oscillating stroke. According to this characteristic, the effect of flow turbulence on the adsorption of phosphorus onto sediment particles was experimentally simulated. Then a 1DV model is introduced in this paper to simulate sediment transport and phosphate sorption kinetics process.
Influences of Wind Field on Flow Regime and Algae Blooming in Dianshan Lake
Authors: Jia Wei Hong , Li Shi Yang
Published: October 2012

Wind rose analysis method, two dimensional hydrodynamic model and particle tracer model are adopted to systematically study wind field features, flow field variation, and migration, spreading and accumulation processes of the internal and external cyanobacterial boom in Dianshan Lake. The results show that the wind direction in Dianshan Lake varies with seasons; the main wind direction is ESE in summer and autumn, and is NNW in winter and spring. Wind has great effects on the circulation patterns of the lake. In the case of no wind, the lake is mainly influenced by the upstream and downstream flows. River flow enters into the lake during flood tide, while the lake discharges during ebb tide, and there is no circulation occurred; the clockwise and counterclockwise circulations are generated respectively in the north and south of the lake under southeast wind, and similarly for northwest wind only the circulation directions are opposite. Upon different wind and flow fields, cyanobacterial boom is drifting to the windward lakeshore, and is prone to form the algae accumulation area.
Theoretical Investigation into Plunging Point of Density Current in Reservoir
Authors: Li Tao , Gao Guo Ming , Ma Huai Bao , Wang Ting
Published: October 2012

The study of the beginning of the density current is the first formation of density current. The relation formula for gravitational correction coefficient had been derived on Taylor series. Then the explicit changing formula between Froude number and sediment concentration had been obtained. Analysis and discussion about the formula had been carried out. With the data surveyed from Xiaolangdi Reservoir had been validated on the coefficient. The results show that the formula can support Xiaolangdi reservoir for the density current design of water and sediment regulation on Yellow River.
Simply Discussion on the Research of the Carrying Capability of Suspended Sediment in Wave-Current Coexistent System
Authors: Zhang Jin Shan , Gan Shen Dong , Zhang Wei Sheng
Published: October 2012

It is vital to obtain the carrying capability formula of suspended sediment in wave-current coexistent system to develope sediment numerical models in coastal areas. We are looking for a formula, the results of which are more accurate in calculating the natural water-flow’s sediment-carrying capability.The key problem is how to reseach the carrying capability of suspended sediment in wave-current coexistent system scientifically.The auther of this paper points out the three points in the research of the carrying capability of suspended sediment in wave-current coexistent system:(1)research methods;(2) selection of the measured data;(3) fitting methods.
Development and Utilization Status in the Basin of Shiyang River and Water Quality Evaluation
Authors: Sun Wen , Ren Jian Min
Published: October 2012

A study on the development and utilization of the surface water and groundwater,and an evaluation about the quality of Shiyang river has been made in this paper.The basin of Shiyang river has a surface runoff uneven distribution of the year,a periodic interannual variability and a down trend in total content.There is a serious phenomenon that the groundwater is over-exploited, the underground water level declines year by year,the dynamic general characteristics of underground water in recent years is persistent declining of underground water level.Influenced by industry water pollution,urban life water pollution,agricultural water pollution and water back,add the deterioration of the groundwater quality,groundwater salinity is increasing gradually, all kinds of harmful ion content increased year by year.