bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Les écoles et leur réputation
Authors: Deceuninck Jérôme , Draelants Hugues
Published: January 2022

Depuis 2007, la procédure d’inscription à l’entrée de l’enseignement secondaire en Belgique francophone a été réformée, modifiant profondément le processus de choix d’école par les familles. Dans l’ancien système, le choix passait par une rencontre et des échanges avec la direction et les professeurs de l’établissement envisagé. Le processus pouvait donc se lire comme la recherche d’un appariement personnalisé, ou d’une correspondance entre l’identité de l’enfant et une singularité d’établissement. La réforme des inscriptions introduit un mode de fonctionnement bureaucratique et impersonnel qui standardise l’appariement compliquant l’individualisation et la singularisation du choix de l’école qui prévalait jusqu’ici et qui était particulièrement valorisée par les parents des classes moyennes. Sur base d’une enquête qualitative par entretiens, le chapitre analyse les répercussions de cette évolution sur les choix d’école posés par les parents de ces milieux. Il montre que, lorsqu’ils ne sont pas certains d’obtenir une place dans l’école de leur premier choix, nombre de parents se replient sur un établissement qu’ils jugent acceptable. La réforme contribue ainsi à donner une place déterminante aux identités catégorielles des établissements au détriment de leurs identités singulières. Toutefois, le chapitre montre également que certains parents refusent les renoncements stratégiques et développent des stratégies sophistiquées pour continuer à individualiser et singulariser leur choix.
Revenu universel et développement
Authors: Zeghni Sylvain
Published: January 2022

Le revenu universel a été l’objet de nombreux débats politiques, notamment en France, et plus largement en Europe. Au-delà de ces discussions, des expérimentations ont été tentées. C’est aux effets de ces expérimentations sur le développement que s’interesse cette contribution. Classification JEL : D31, I32, I38
La Caisse générale de compensation en Tunisie : l’impasse d’un mécanisme de régulation artificiel
Authors: Jouili Mustapha
Published: January 2022

Impulsé par les pressions exercées par les organisations internationales, le débat sur la Caisse générale de compensation en Tunisie refait surface depuis quelques années et tend à se réduire à la seule dimension du coût budgétaire de la subvention. Certes, la problématique du déficit public ne peut être négligée, mais le débat ne doit pas se situer exclusivement par rapport aux seules finances publiques., Toute analyse en termes de coût de la compensation doit être mise en parallèle avec une analyse des conséquences, économiques, sociales et politiques éventuelles de sa suppression ou de sa modération. Classification JEL : E64, H53, I18, I31, J33
Quel nouvel imaginaire symbolique en management ?
Authors: Silva François
Published: January 2022

Le management est en complète transformation. Gilbert Durand nous montre comment l’humain est structuré par des dimensions «  anthropologiques de l’imaginaire  » (Durand, 1969). Nous évoquons le postmanagement pour désigner les nouvelles pratiques relationnelles qui se mettent en place. Ainsi les relations d’autorité ne sont plus le mode de fonctionnement de ce postmanagement car basé sur de l’horizontalité par rapport aux relations précédentes correspondant à des relations hiérarchiques verticales. C’est un changement symbolique majeur dans laquelle nous avons vécu : celle du père et/ou d’un dieu souverain et tout puissant. Au contraire ce qui est en train d’émerger, ce sont des relations entre pair, symbolisées par les Chevaliers de la Table Ronde.
Rationalité et fait religieux, un exemple de syncrétisme managérial : l’organisation État Islamique
Authors: Février Rémy
Published: January 2022

Au travers de l’étude de nombreuses sources ouvertes et d’autres habituellement inaccessibles, nous étudions le management spécifique d’une organisation terroriste jihadiste : l’État Islamique (EI). Notre étude met en lumière l’existence d’un axe managérial idéologico-religieux ainsi que d’un syncrétisme stratégique mêlant rationalité et religiosité selon une logique séquentielle et répétitive, dont l’objectif vise à assurer la pérennité de la structure.
Le tournant de la Sakharya
Authors: Monnier Fabrice
Published: January 2022

Les guérillas, arme du faible au fort, resurgissent régulière­ment dans l’histoire et leur étude a donc toujours un intérêt, à l’heure où les conflits asymétriques reviennent au-devant de la scène. Pendant la Première Guerre mondiale, l’Organisation Spéciale a joué un rôle non négligeable dans la campagne de la IV e  armée ottomane. Face aux Britanniques, actions de guérilla, de contre-guérilla, de propagande et de renseignement vont s’enchaî­nent. Pourtant le manque de moyens financiers et matériels ne lui permettra pas de parvenir aux résultats escomptés.
Grèce-Turquie : une confrontation maritime du XXI e siècle
Authors: Henrotin Joseph
Published: January 2022

Le regain de tensions en Méditerranée orientale est certes lié à la question des ressources gazières, mais est également ancré dans la grande stratégie turque et son pendant maritime, la doctrine du Mavi Vatan. Au-delà de l’examen des ressorts du conflit et partant du principe qu’il est appelé à durer, il s’agit également d’examiner les rapports de force comparés des marines grecques et turque dans une approche prospective.
Antropología de los medios de comunicación indígenas y afro en América Latina: una presentación
Authors: Orobitg Gemma
Published: January 2022

Se parte de los estudios de comunicación, en particular, de su análisis de las relaciones entre comunicación tecnología y sociedad, donde la identidad de los «medios indígenas» es cuestionada. Seguidamente, a partir del análisis comparativo de estudios etnográficos sobre la comunicación indígena y afro en América Latina, se presenta un conjunto de conceptos que, por un lado, permiten analizar la pluralidad y la heterogeneidad que claramente identifican a estos «medios indígenas y afro». Por otro lado, representan una aportación a los estudios actuales de antropología de los medios de comunicación.
Sujetos y certidumbres neoliberales. Un análisis de la articulación entre las leyes de reforma laboral, de apoyo al emprendedor y la LOMCE
Authors: Borruel Armendariz Ángel , Carrero Gros Gaël , Franzé Mudanó Adela , García García Sergio , García González Erika , Nieto Martínez Gladys , Parajuá Navarrete Daniel , Pazos Garciandía Álvaro , Rodrigo Álvarez Pilar
Published: January 2022

En este artículo nos interesamos por algunos cambios profundos que están afectando a los derechos sociales en España, en el contexto neoliberal contemporáneo. Más concretamente, abordamos la comparación de tres cuerpos de leyes recientes (de reforma laboral, de apoyo al emprendedor y de educación), y analizamos cómo se presentan en ellas sujetos de derecho en relación al trabajo y la formación. El estudio destaca una articulación de los diferentes textos y constata, de un lado, la transformación del sujeto trabajador en sujeto empleable, que se corresponde con la figura de subjetivación del emprendedor. De otro lado, muestra cómo la LOMCE dibuja de manera más nítida este sujeto, y precisa los procedimientos para su fabricación.
De la prothèse réparatrice au corps amplifié
Authors: Martinez Aurélie
Published: January 2022

Selon la pensée mécaniste de René Descartes, le corps humain est comparable à une machine. Si l’un de ces composants est endommagé, sa dite normalité devient pathologique. Pour rétablir ces fonctions corporelles, les scientifiques proposent à leurs patients des prothèses. Dans l’art actuel, des artistes tels que Matthew Barney, Joël-Peter Witkin et Stelarc mettent en scène ces individus prothétiques ou s’en inspirent en travaillant sur un corps amplifié ou prolongé.
Du moignon à la prothèse : le corps en supplément chez Beckett
Authors: Ravez Stéphanie
Published: January 2022

Beckett semble n’avoir jamais cessé d’attaquer le corps comme support et vecteur de la subjectivité dans sa prose ou dans son théâtre. Au début de son œuvre, le corps y est avant tout envisagé à l’état de moignon, de morceau détaché du moi. Mais à partir des années 1960, l’exploration de nouveaux médias infléchit l’écriture du corps beckettien vers un abandon des mutilations au profit d’un devenir prothétique, puis spectral. La notion de supplément originairement associée au corps devient alors l’apanage de l’intériorité et de la conscience.
Création sous contrainte
Authors: Magne Élisabeth
Published: January 2022

Trois artistes contemporains introduisent le sujet et livrent leur pratique en exemple de créations sous contraintes. Les analyses révèlent des traits typologiques récurrents liés à la temporalité, à l’unité identitaire, à une forme spirituelle d’ascèse consentie. À rebours d’une histoire de l’art ayant travaillé dans le sens d’une levée des entraves – religieuses, politiques, techniques –, certaines pratiques contemporaines cherchent volontairement à réduire le champ des possibles et remontent les murs de la contrainte comme une discipline paradoxalement libératoire.
Les évolutions transversales de l’information scientifique et technique avec l’apparition du numérique
Authors: Dassa Michèle , Kosmopoulos Christine
Published: January 2022

L’évolution des technologies de l’information et de la communication induite par la révolution numérique, ébranle de manière radicale le monde de l’information scientifique et technique (IST) et de la recherche. Déployée au sein d’un espace réticulaire inédit, d’une dimension a priori illimitée, l’IST fait en effet face à des défis déterminants pour l’avancée de la science, en particulier dans le contexte de la Science ouverte, que ce soit en termes de publication, de documentation, d’accès, d’expertise, d’évaluation, d’intégrité, de droits d’auteurs, mais aussi de coût. Désormais, on partage plus qu’on ne diffuse, avec pour conséquence une réorganisation profonde de l’IST sous-tendue par des relations complexes entre les différents acteurs historiques publics et privés, mais aussi sous la pression des réseaux sociaux et de l’éclosion incontrôlable de nouveaux éditeurs prédateurs. En observant la genèse de ce nouveau paradigme, nous analysons l’évolution des pratiques et leur impact sur les chercheurs, sur les professionnels de l’IST, ainsi que les enjeux pour l’organisation de la recherche publique.
Se fédérer pour évoluer : les communautés de pratique de l’information et de l’édition scientifiques
Authors: Granger Sabrina , Janik Joanna
Published: January 2022

Les professionnels de l’information et de l’édition scientifiques (IES) ont développé de fortes habitudes de travail en réseau. Nous nous concentrons ici sur les communautés de pratique, qui, à la différence des structures de mutualisation résultant de décrets, émanent directement des utilisateurs. Les évolutions des communautés de pratiques ont traduit l’adaptation des activités des documentalistes aux processus de recherche. L’analyse des réseaux « info-doc » des EPST servira de fil conducteur pour mettre en lumière les spécificités de ce type de fonctionnement et analyser les défis induits par le paradigme de la science ouverte.
Cuckoo Search Augmented MapReduce for Predictive Scheduling With Big Stream Data
Authors: Arunadevi N.  , Thulasiraaman Vidyaa
Published: January 2022

Handling an information stream is a basic report for streaming application. There were numerous strategies which help during Bigdata streaming, however it can't deal with the tremendous information. To advance the productivity with least time intricacy, a Cuckoo Search Augmented Map Reduce for Predictive Scheduling (CSA-MRPS) system is presented. This technique incorporates cycles in preprocessing and prescient booking for stream information examination. In preprocessing, nonstop information streams are discretized utilizing Khiops and it begins from the constant time spans, consolidates the closest time as indicated by the Chi-square worth with lesser time intricacy. MapReduce work is applied to discretized information for prescient investigation utilizing Multi-Objective Ranked Cuckoo Search Optimization (MRCSA). It characterize the target capacities for the handling units, for example, CPU time, memory utilization, transfer speed use and energy utilization. Thus, CSA-MRPS Mechanism predicts the asset upgraded preparing unit with high position through the planning system.
Abdominal twitches due to ICD lead dislodgement; A case report
Authors: Oktay Yusuf Cemil , Ersoysal Muhammed Rıdvan , Akgun Burcin , Kus Gorkem , Arslan Engin Deniz
Published: January 2022

Malfunctions of implantable cardiac devices have the potential to be catastrophic. A 63-year-old patient was admitted to our emergency department with new-onset abdominal pain and sensation of twitching on his abdominal wall. One month ago, an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) was implanted in him to prevent malignant ventricular arrhythmias. An electrocardiogram was obtained that showed pace spikes unrelated to QRS complexes. The patient was diagnosed with ICD lead dislodgement and the lead was repositioned in another procedure. In conclusion, emergency physicians should be familiar with the problems of implantable cardiac devices.
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation experiences during COVID-19 pandemic, third wave with younger patients
Authors: Küçük Ahmet Oğuzhan , Küçük Mehtap Pehlivanlar , Ayçiçek Olcay , Altun Gökalp , Özdemir Ahmet Coşkun
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVES:

In this article, the results of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases followed with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support in a 3-month period in the third wave when there were an increased number of cases of young patients in our intensive care unit (ICU) were presented.

METHODS:

The study was carried out with all COVID-19 patients who were given ECMO support in our tertiary referral hospital ICU after obtaining the consent of the Ministry of Health Scientific Research Platform and after the approval of the local ethics committee. Patient data were obtained retrospectively from intensive care bedside follow-up charts and computer records. The demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients were presented in average, median, and percentages. The data of the patients were evaluated and compared with the current literature.

RESULTS:

ECMO treatment was applied in seven patients who were followed up with severe COVID-19 pneumonia in the last 3 months. Venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) was applied to all patients. Five (71.5%) of seven patients were weaned from ECMO. Four (57.2%) of seven patients were discharged from the ICU and hospital in good health. While two of the patients had a cesarean section (C/S) before ECMO, one patient underwent C/S under ECMO. All three newborns were delivered via C/S and all were premature (C/S dates were 35 weeks, 32 weeks, and 27 weeks), and all were discharged from the hospital in good health.

CONCLUSION:

Our experience shows that ECMO in COVID-19 patients is a lifesaving treatment option that can be successfully applied in severe acute respiratory distress syndrome cases who do not respond to conventional treatments.
Incorrect Use of Protective Equipment against COVID-19 can cause more Inconvenience, a Questionnaire-Based Study of 7000 Participants
Authors: Shadi Shafaghi , Fariba Ghorbani , Zohreh Taranian , Neda Doozandeh , Mohammad Varahram
Published: January 2022

Aims:

At present, there is no definitive treatment for COVID-19 and to break the pandemic chain, prevention is the best choice. Meanwhile different controlling strategies are considered, in this study, we aimed to understand public insights toward the medical advisement.

Material:

A self-constructed questionnaire including information regarding various preventive elements such as wearing a mask, using gloves, attention to safe social distance, using disinfectant materials was prepared. After content validity, the questionnaire was circulated in cyberspace and the public was invited to complete it. After five days, the percentage of risky behavior related behaviors to the mask (RBM), hygiene (RBH), and social distance (RBD) were analyzed and compared in different situations with tableau and SPSS 26.

Results:

A total of 7,000 people with the mean age of 31.5 ± 12.2 years completed the questionnaire, of which 39% were men. RBM was 76.54% whereas hand hygiene and distance risky behaviors were 11.49% and 15.33%, respectively (P = 0.01). RBD was significantly higher among people with COVID-19 patients in their families. The pattern of RBH based on the level of worry about getting COVID-19 was similar in the group without worry and with the highest level of worry.

Conclusions:

In this ever-changing situation of the COVID-19 pandemic, community awareness, and logical perception regarding correct use and has a crucial role in optimal COVID-19 controlling, which should not be neglected. It is important to have the latest information, which comes from trustworthy sources as a preventive key in both healthcare and community settings.
Evaluation of COVID-19 Trend in Iran; Population Response to the Recent Pandemic Overtime
Authors: Esfehani Reza Jafarzadeh , Shariati Mohammad , Sadr-Nabavi Ariane , Bidkhori Hamid Reza
Published: January 2022

Relative internet search volumes (RSV) is now being consider as a measurement of awareness for most of the trending topics. During the recent coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, many researchers used the RSVs to interpret the population responses to the pandemic in various ways. By using the RSVs searched by Persian language people, we demonstrated that the Iranian people increased their knowledge and awareness of COVID-19 during the early phases of the disease before the first peak. However, their relative searches about the COVID-19 and its clinical symptoms decreased gradually despite of the gradual rise of the confirmed cases. Their less tendency to seek information about the COVID-19 could be one of the possible explanation for the increasing number of confirmed cases even several days after easing the disease related lockdown.
Gastrointestinal Cancer Prevention Policies
Authors: Kabiri Neda , Khodayari-zarnaq Rahim , Khoshbaten Manouchehr , Janati Ali
Published: January 2022

This qualitative systematic review was conducted to summarize the policies for prevention of common gastrointestinal cancers worldwide. This study was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and ProQuest databases. Two independent reviewers assessed included studies for methodological quality and extracted data by using standardized tools from Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). Primary study findings were read and reread to identify the strategies or policies used in the studies for prevention of gastrointestinal cancers. The extracted findings were categorized on the basis of their similarity in meaning. These categories were then subjected to a meta-synthesis. The final synthesized findings were graded according to the ConQual approach for establishing confidence in the output of qualitative research synthesis. From the nine included studies in this review, 39 findings were extracted and based on their relevance in meaning were aggregated into 12 categories. Four synthesized findings were developed from these categories. We used World Health Organization report on 2000 for synthesizing the findings. The four synthesized findings were “service provision”, “resource generation”, “financing”, and “stewardship”. In order to reach a comprehensive evidence informed policy package for the prevention of gastrointestinal cancers, there should be a great communication among the interventions conducted directly on patients, health system infrastructures, and resources.
Role of Cardio-Biomarkers (NT-Pro BNP and Troponin I) in Cardiac Risk Stratification of Patients Undergoing Major Vascular Surgeries
Authors: Jha Rakesh Kumar , Anand Vembu , Patra Vikram , Dhillan Rishi , Mehra Rohit , Reddy T Suresh
Published: January 2022

Objective:

The objective is to assess the role of cardio-biomarkers, namely, N-Terminal Pro-hormone Beta Natriuretic Peptide (NT-ProBNP) and Cardiac Troponin I (cTnI) in prediction of postoperative cardiac events (POCEs) in noncardiac patients undergoing major vascular surgery and compare their efficacy with Revised Cardiac Risk Indices (RCRI) in preoperative period.

Materials and Methods:

Quantitative analysis of cTnI and NT-ProBNP was done in pre- and post-operative period in patients, who underwent elective major vascular surgeries between April 2018 and April 2020 at a tertiary care hospital. The ability of both the cardio-biomarkers, either alone or in combination were assessed for the prediction of POCE and results were compared with RCRI in preoperative period. The relationship between postoperative quantitative values of both the biomarkers and development of POCE were also analyzed.

Results:

A total of 170 patients were enrolled and the incidence of POCE was observed in 15.9% (27) of our patients. The “cut-off” values of cTnI, and NT-ProBNP in preoperative period were found to be 0.011 μg/L and 335 pg/mL and in postoperative period were 0.024 μg/L and 438 pg/mL, respectively. In preoperative period, biomarkers, either alone or in combination, outperformed RCRI in prediction of POCE and when individual biomarker was assessed, NT-ProBNP had better efficacy than cTnI. In postoperative period, predictive ability of both the biomarkers were similar, however, combination of both significantly improved the prediction of POCE as represented by increase in area under the curve, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and overall accuracy.

Conclusion:

As compared to RCRI, cardio-biomarkers were better predictor of POCE in preoperative period and their efficacy in forecasting POCE continued even in postoperative period.
Intramuscular Scalp Hemangioma in an Adult Female
Authors: Sharma Tushar Rajendra , Patel Deep Nareshkumar , Shah Ankeet J
Published: January 2022

Hemangiomas are the benign tumors of vascular origin. They are the most common tumor in infants and children (10% incidence) but rare in adults. They are more common in girls. They are more commonly found in head and neck region and most commonly located in skin and subcutaneous tissue. They are rarely found in the intramuscular location (0.8% incidence). This article represents a rare case report of intramuscular scalp hemangioma located in the right temporalis muscle in a 26-year-old female presented with chief complaint of headache, which was confirmed by radiological investigations. Surgical excision was done, and approximately 2 cm × 2 cm-sized lesion was excised.
Novel Use of Forearm Perforator in Vascular Access
Authors: Prasad T Krishna , Timbadiya Nayan J
Published: January 2022

A 65-year-old male was initiated on hemodialysis through a radio-cephalic arteriovenous fistula. He required a proximal brachiocephalic fistula due to a failing radiocephalic fistula. Both fistulae could be functionalized simultaneously due to a forearm cephalic perforator vein. The radiocephalic fistula was subsequently ligated, allowing the patient to use the mature brachiocephalic fistula instead of a bridging temporary/tunneled catheter.
Subclavian Arterial Stent Migration from Technical Error and Effective Strategic Bail Out
Authors: Nishan B , Pavan B K , Mamata S H , Anand Vivek
Published: January 2022

Stent migration is an inherent complication of stent deployment. Numerous factors are responsible for this dreaded complication. Various techniques are available to bail out the migrated stent.
Comparison of nalbuphine versus fentanyl as intrathecal adjuvant to bupivacaine for orthopedic surgeries: A randomized controlled double-blind trial
Authors: Sharma Ankit , Chaudhary Sujata , Kumar Mahendra , Kapoor Ruchi
Published: January 2022

Background and Aims:

Intrathecal adjuvants are used with local anesthetics to prolong the duration and provide postoperative pain relief while minimizing the dose of local anesthetic. Nalbuphine is an agonist-antagonist opioid and provides prolonged duration of analgesia with fewer side effects of fentanyl such as pruritus, nausea, and vomiting. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the onset and duration of sensory and motor blockade, hemodynamic effects, duration of postoperative analgesia, and adverse effects of nalbuphine and fentanyl given intrathecally with hyperbaric 0.5% bupivacaine in orthopedic lower limb surgeries.

Material and Methods:

Sixty six patients classified in American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) classes I and II scheduled for orthopedic lower limb surgeries were enrolled. Patients were randomly allocated to receive 15 mg of hyperbaric bupivacaine with either 1 mg nalbuphine (group N), 25 μg fentanyl (group F) or 0.9% normal saline (group C) intrathecally.

Results:

Patients who received intrathecal nalbuphine (group N) had a significantly delayed onset of sensory and motor block as compared to patients who received fentanyl (group F). The time to two segment regression was significantly prolonged in group F (122.05 ± 10.65 minutes) as compared to group N (114.55 ± 10.90 minutes) [P < 0.05]. The mean duration of motor blockade was significantly prolonged in group F (197.73 ± 15.09 minutes) as compared to group N (180.68 ± 15.68 minutes) [P < 0.05]. Duration of spinal analgesia was comparable in group N (323.18 ± 57.39 minutes) and group F (287.05 ± 78.87 minutes), both significantly more than group C (224.32 ± 42.54 minutes). Hemodynamic effects, 24-h rescue analgesic requirements, and incidence of side effects were comparable among group N and F.

Conclusion:

Intrathecal nalbuphine in a dose of 1 mg is an equally useful alternative to fentanyl in a dose 25 μg when used as an intrathecal adjuvant to bupivacaine for lower limb surgeries. The prolonged duration of analgesia and no adverse effects makes it a good choice for the orthopedic procedures of lower limb.
A study to compare Air-Q intubating laryngeal airway with Ambu Auragain laryngeal mask for blind tracheal intubation using Parker flex tip tube
Authors: Lal Jatin , Bansal Teena , Somesh Somesh , Jain Mamta
Published: January 2022

Background and Aims:

A number of supraglottic airways have been developed to facilitate the passage of tracheal tubes. Various studies have been conducted using air-Q ILA as a conduit for endotracheal intubation. Ambu AuraGain is a newer 3rd generation supraglottic airway device. There are limited studies available in literature on blind tracheal intubation through the Ambu AuraGain. This study was designed to compare air-Q ILA and Ambu AuraGain as conduit for blind tracheal intubation using Parker flex tip tube.

Material and Methods:

One hundred twenty patients of either sex, aged 18-60 years, belonging to ASA physical status I or II scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia requiring endotracheal intubation were included in the study. Patients were randomly allocated to one of the two groups. Group A (n = 60) included blind intubation through air-Q ILA using Parker flex tip tube and group B (n = 60) included blind intubation through Ambu AuraGain using Parker flex tip tube.

Results:

The first attempt success rate was significantly more in group A (P < 0.001). Intubation was significantly easy in group A as compared to group B (P < 0.001). The mean time for insertion of endotracheal tube through air-Q ILA in group A was 17.85 ± 6.25 sec while in group B it was 30.19 ± 10.97 sec (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Air-Q ILA resulted in significantly more success rate and ease of intubation as compared to Ambu AuraGain.
Duration of postoperative analgesia with Nalbuphine vs Butorphanol as an adjunct to spinal anesthesia for lower limb orthopedic surgeries: A randomized double-blind active control trial
Authors: Kumari Anita , Kullar Keerat Kaur , Gupta Ruchi
Published: January 2022

Background and Aims:

Nalbuphine as well as butorphanol as adjuvant to intrathecal bupivacaine have been studied in comparison to bupivacaine alone. Both are kappa receptor agonist and have never been compared for its efficacy in terms of postoperative analgesia. The aim of this study was to evaluate duration of postoperative analgesia as well as intraoperative block characteristics using intrathecal nalbuphine hydrochloride (800 μg) or butorphanol (25 μg) as adjuvant to hyperbaric bupivacaine (12.5 μg) in lower limb fracture femur surgeries as compared to active control, that is, saline and bupivacaine.

Material and Methods:

This prospective, randomized, double-blind, active control study was conducted on 90 adult patients of either sex belonging to ASA grade I/II, aged 18–70 years, being operated for fracture femur surgeries in tertiary care hospital of North India. Patients were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 30) Group A: received 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine 12.5 mg with 800 μg nalbuphine. Group B: Received 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine 12.5 mg with 25 μg butorphanol. Group C: Received 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine 12.5 mg with normal saline. Total volume injected was 3.0 ml. Duration of analgesia, mean VAS scores, requirement of rescue analgesia in 24 h along with intraoperative sensory or motor characteristics of block and hemodynamic parameters were studied. Statistical analysis was done using ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey test, Student’s t-test and Chi-Square test.

Results:

Demographic profile was comparable among all the three groups. Mean duration of postoperative analgesia was 348.33 ± 66.96, 156.17 ± 43.9 and 110.36 ± 29.18 min in group A, B, and C, respectively (P = 0.006). Total doses of rescue analgesia were least in group A (32), followed by group B (42) and group C (64), respectively (P = 0.001). Group A had significantly earlier onset of sensory action (P = 0.03) as compared to group B and C. There was significant difference in sensory (P = 0.08) and motor duration (P = 0.04) among all the three groups. However, onset of motor block, haemodynamic profile and side effects were comparable among groups A, B, and C (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:

Addition of 800 μg nalbuphine and 25 μg butorphanol as adjuvant to intrathecal bupivacaine has better outcome as compared to active placebo group. But intrathecal nalbuphine was more effective compared to intrathecal butorphanol in terms of prolonging postoperative analgesia, reducing rescue analgesic doses and onset of sensory block. However, hemodynamic profile and side effects were comparable among all groups.
Comparison of performance characteristics of C-MAC video, McCoy, and Macintosh laryngoscopes in elective cervical spine surgery
Authors: Nair Shalini M. , Menon Gokul Das , George Mathew , Issac Eldo , Bhaskaran Renjitha
Published: January 2022

Background and Aims:

To compare the performance characteristics of C-MAC video, McCoy, and Macintosh laryngoscopes in elective cervical spine surgery. The primary objective was to assess the ease of intubation with the three study devices. The secondary objectives were the time to intubation and hemodynamic responses during intubation.

Material and Methods :

The prospective observational comparative study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital. Adult ASA 1 and 11 patients who underwent elective cervical spine surgery were included in the study. Patients with unstable spine and trauma were excluded. The analysis of variance, Bonferroni test, Chi square test and multiple comparison tests were used to compare the performance characteristics of laryngoscopes.

Results:

The C-MAC video laryngoscope improved glottis view by improving the modified Cormack–Lehane (CL) score and the percentage of glottis opening (POGO) score compared to McCoy and Macintosh laryngoscopes. The ease of intubation was better with the C-MAC video laryngoscope compared to the McCoy and Macintosh laryngoscopes. The time to intubation was comparable between the three laryngoscopes. The C-MAC video and McCoy laryngoscopes had 100% successful first attempt intubations while it was 90% for the Macintosh laryngoscope. Hemodynamic variables observed during intubation were comparable between the three groups.

Conclusion:

The use of C-MAC video laryngoscope resulted in better visualization of the glottis and easier tracheal intubation as compared to the Macintosh and McCoy laryngoscopes in cervical spine surgery. Both C-MAC video and McCoy laryngoscopes had 100% successful first attempt intubation.
Study of expression of endoglin (CD105) in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Mahapatra Niva , Uma Rao Krishna Devi , Ranganathan Kannan , Joshua Elizabeth , Thavarajah Rooban
Published: January 2022

Context:

Oral cancer is the 8th most common cancer in the world. An important feature of carcinogenesis is angiogenesis. Endoglin is a powerful marker of neovascularization in solid malignancies. This study was done to ascertain its role as an indicator of metastasis and prognosis.

Aim:

This study aimed to evaluate and compare the expression of endoglin (CD105) in metastatic primary tumor, lymph node of the metastasized tumor, nonmetastatic primary tumor and in normal buccal mucosa immunohistochemically.

Settings and Design:

The total sample size comprised 45 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks, n = 10 metastasized primary tumor, n = 10 lymph nodes of metastasized primary tumor, n = 20 nonmetastasized oral squamous cell carcinoma and n = 5 normal buccal mucosa were studied.

Subjects and Methods:

Immunohistochemistry for endoglin was performed and microvessel density (MVD) was determined by hot spot method. Microvessel density was compared between the groups.

Statistical Analysis:

Statistical analysis was used using one-way ANOVA. P < 0.05 was statistically significant.

Results:

Endoglin expression in metastatic cases (0.68 + 0.10) was higher than nonmetastatic cases (0.45 + 0.20) and the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.002).

Conclusion:

This study shows that presence of endoglin determines the metastatic potential of the tumor and its prognosis, thus, could be considered as a potential target of therapy.
Effect of trans retinoic acid on patients with oral submucous fibrosis-randomized single-blind monocentric study
Authors: Gupta Amit , Kumar Sanjeev , Srivastava Pallavi , Rathi Vidhi C. , Saxena Susmita , Aggarwal Anju
Published: January 2022

Various treatment modalities have been practiced for the suppression of premalignant conditions such as oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) to prevent their differentiation into malignant lesions. Conventional treatment includes steroids, enzymes like hyaluronidase, trypsin, chymotrypsin and placental extracts which are advocated intralesionally and oral drugs like carotenoids, alpha lipoic acid, lycopene, vitamins, microelements and tea pigments have also been advocated. In this study, a total number of 30 patients with OSMF were taken and randomly divided into two groups with 15 patients each according to Khanna and Andrade group of classification 1995. Group 1 (test group) received the test drug Tretiome 20 mg, whereas Group 2 (control group) received an antioxidant lycopene 20 mg/day for a period of 1 month and the effect of the therapy with the changes in the symptoms was recorded every 1 week, 15 days and 30 days of follow-up. The result of this study showed an improvement in the mouth opening of the patients of test Group with a significant decrease in the burning sensation as compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Xerostomia and headache were the two most commonly seen side effects which were reported in the patients of the test group, of which headache was associated with the withdrawal symptom of habit cessation and xerostomia was taken care by increase in hydration.
Study of ABO Blood Group Susceptibility to Coronavirus Disease - COVID-19
Authors: Bommanavar Sushma , Patil V C , Luke Alexander Maniangat , Jaber Mohamed , Hosmani Jagadish
Published: January 2022

Background:

The pandemic outbreak of COVID-19 highlighting the zoonotic cross-over link in the present century has provoked an emergency worldwide. Recent experimental evidence supporting the proposition of ABO blood grouping and its susceptibility in certain blood group individuals has created interest among researchers to explore more.

Aim:

The aim of this study is to find the susceptibility of “ABO” blood group in COVID-19-positive cases.

Objectives:

Association of ABO blood group patterns with COVID-19-positive cases.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional, observational study design was conducted among 728 confirmed positive COVID-19 admitted to the tertiary health care center in Maharashtra from June 01, 2020 to August 31, 2020. The inclusion criteria were COVID-19-positive cases confirmed by positive real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction test of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. We collected the demographic details, associated clinical symptoms and ABO blood groups from all the patients. The data collected were subjected to statistical analysis.

Results:

The most common blood group affected was B + (35.5%) followed by A + (26.10%), AB + (20.60%) and O + (11.18%) and the least common was AB- (0.96%), O- (1.51%), A- (1.65%) and B- (1.79%).

Conclusions:

ABO blood grouping can be used as one of the simplest yet efficient markers for COVID-19. Blood group B Rh-positive and A Rh-positive were the most prevalent blood group types in patients with COVID-19.
Quantification of mast cells in nonreactive and reactive lesions of gingiva
Authors: Jain Amisha , Jaiswal Shradha , Vikey Ashok , Bagulkar Bhupesh , Bhat Atul , Shujalpurkar Anjali
Published: January 2022

Background:

Mast cells (MCs) are immune cells derived from a multipotent CD34 precursor. The most significant identifying feature of MCs is the presence of metachromatic granules. MCs are increased in oral reactive lesions and are possibly involved in pathogenesis of these lesions.

Objectives:

1. To compare the number of MCs between reactive and nonreactive lesions of gingiva using toluidine blue (TB) and mast cell tryptase (MCT) as a specific marker for MCs 2. To compare the staining specificity/efficacy of TB and MCT.

Methodology:

The study sample comprised 90 tissues which were divided into three groups: Group A comprised 30 cases of pyogenic granuloma (PG), Group B consisted of 30 cases of gingival hyperplasia (GH) and Group C comprised 30 cases of pericoronitis. Staining was done between 1% TB and immunohistochemistry (IHC) marker MCT.

Results:

A significant increase in number of MCs was observed in PG as compared to GH and pericoronitis. IHC marker MCT proved to be a more specific marker for MCs compared to TB.

Conclusion:

IHC marker MCT is a specific marker compared to TB. The position of MCs changed from juxtaepithelial in GH to deeper connective tissue in PG which was in correlation with the proliferating tissue that is epithelium in GH and blood vessel in PG.
Reliability of palatal rugae patterns in individual identification
Authors: Smitha T , Vaswani Vina , Deepak V , Sheethal H S , Hema K N , Jain Vijay Kumar
Published: January 2022

Background:

Dental identification plays a major role in mass disaster identification of human remains. Palatal rugae can be used as a substitute for a comparative method of identification.

Materials and Methods:

The present cross-sectional study was done with 137 pre- and post-orthodontically treated casts of patients, which were divided into 50 cases each of extraction and nonextraction and 37 cases of palatal expansion involving both extraction and nonextraction. Hydrocolloid (alginate) impression of the upper jaw of the patient was taken and then cast in the dental plaster of Paris material. Palatal rugae pattern was classified according to Lysellm, and Thomas and Kotze classification. Two Observers recorded the data, mean of two were taken for analysis.

Results:

On the right side, there was no significant difference between the extraction and nonextraction groups; however, there was a rise in length in the nonextraction and palatal expansion groups. On the left side, there was little change between the nonextraction and palatal expansion groups, but the extraction group had a modest increase in length. Mean lengths compared within three groups revealed insignificant difference.

Conclusion:

Palatal rugae pattern can be used in establishing identity in forensic medicine provided antemortem data are available. Orthodontic treatment has an impact on stability of palatal rugae. Most reliable and stable points being third rugae, they could be used as reference points to evaluate tooth movements
Analysis of antimicrobial activity of Karnataka propolis against oral pathogens – An in vitro study
Authors: Srinivas Sowmya , Gujjari Anil Kumar , Kenganora Mruthunjaya , Rudraswamy Sushma , Ravi M B , Manjula S
Published: January 2022

Background:

Propolis, a natural antibiotic, which is in high demand in dentistry is a resinous substance. The main ingredient of propolis that is required for antibiotic effect is flavonoids and phenolic acids. Although propolis is a promising option for the control of oral microbes with lower related hazards and a good immunomodulator effect, its composition differs considerably depending on its botanical origin, the site and the season of collection. This original research aims to find the chemical composition and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of propolis procured from different places of Karnataka state. The results would help the dentist and the pharmacist to select the best propolis to use as antibiotics in treating oral disease.

Materials and Methods:

Propolis sample from 5 different locations of Karnataka was procured from single apiary in Bangalore. Extraction of propolis using two different extracting solvents was carried out. The total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and MIC of each sample were analyzed.

Results:

Water extract propolis of Sullia and Hubli was highly active against tested organism with the MIC <0.312; alcohol extract of Sullia, Hubli and Chitradurga was moderately active with the MIC between 0.312 and 5 mg/ml. Vijayapura and Bagalkot were least active with the MIC >5 mg/ml at tested concentration.

Conclusion:

Propolis procured from different locations of Karnataka can be used as an antimicrobial agent with varying concentrations. However, when propolis is procured for therapeutic purpose, then it needs to be tested for its chemical composition before being utilized.
A Case Report of Liver and Pancreatic Echinococcal Cysts
Authors: Uzunoğlu H , Gül MO
Published: January 2022

A 54-year-old female patient with complaints of abdominal pain for 2 months was admitted to the General Surgery clinic of our tertiary care hospital. Abdominal ultrasound (US) and computed tomography revealed cholelithiasis, liver hydatid cyst, and hypodense multicystic mass lesion in the pancreatic body. In the endoscopic US performed, pancreatic hydatid cysts were considered as the pre-diagnosis. Cystotomy and external drainage were performed on the 8-cm cystic lesion in the pancreas head-class junction. Pancreatic hydatid cyst can be rarely seen isolated or can develop synchronously to liver hydatid cyst, and should be kept in mind in a differential diagnosis. If the perioperative diagnosis is confirmed and in case of the absence of a pancreatic ductal fistula, surgical morbidity and mortality can be reduced by applying cystotomy and external drainage procedures.
Radıologıcal Evaluatıon of the Recesses on the Posterıor Wall of the Nasopharynx wıth Cone-beam Computed Tomography
Authors: Kaplan FA , Sağlam H , Bilgir E , Bayrakdar İŞ , Orhan K
Published: January 2022

Background:

The posterior wall of the nasopharynx is composed of loose connective tissue that includes many important anatomical structures. Various structures, such as the opening of the Eustachian tube (ET), the Rosenmüller fossa (RF), and the pharyngeal bursa (PB) are found here.

Aim:

To evaluate the nasopharynx posterior wall anatomic structures, including the Eustachian tube, Rosenmüller fossa, and pharyngeal bursa with cone-beam computed tomography.

Materials and Methods:

The depth, width, and length of the Eustachian tube, Rosenmüller fossa, and pharyngeal bursa were measured in 150 patients using axial-sagittal cone-beam computed tomography. The Eustachian tube and Rosenmüller fossa distance to the midsagittal plane, the coronal region passing through the posterior end of the nasal septum, the superior-inferior extremity of the recesses, and the nasal floor plane distance were measured. The relationship between Rosenmüller fossa types and other parameters were evaluated.

Results:

The incidence of right Rosenmüller fossa types 1, 2, and 3 were 16%, 18%, and 66%, respectively, and that of the left Rosenmüller fossa types 1, 2, and 3 were 16%, 19.3%, and 64.7%, respectively. The mean pharyngeal bursa width, length, and depth were 10.8, 5.7, and 4.0 mm, respectively; those of the Eustachian tube were 5.6, 7.1, and 7.3 m, respectively; those of the right Rosenmüller fossa were 4.0, 12.4, and 10.5 mm, respectively; and those of the left Rosenmüller fossa were 3.8, 12.5, and 10.9 mm, respectively.

Conclusions:

The posterior wall of the nasopharynx contains several important anatomical structures. Evaluation of these using cone-beam computed tomography has many clinical and radiological advantages. To understand and interpret the coincidental findings in CBCT, dental radiologists should have access to more detailed information concerning the anatomy of the nasopharynx.
Factors Affecting Breastfeeding within the First Hour After Birth
Authors: Dudukcu FT , Aygor H , Karakoç H
Published: January 2022

Background:

Every baby should start life with breastfeeding. However, some obstacles prevent babies from enjoying this right.

Aim:

This study aimed to determine the factors affecting breastfeeding within the first hour after birth.

Patients and Methods:

This study employed a comparison design. This was a comparative study of women who breastfeed their babies within 1 h of birth and those who did not. The research population consisted of 368 mothers who had babies aged 6–24 months. A semi-structured questionnaire, which consisted of 32 open-.and closed-ended questions, was used to collect data. The number and proportions were used for the descriptive statistics, and Chi-square tests were used to compare data between groups. The level of statistical significance was accepted as P < 0.05.

Results:

Of the 368 participants, 50.8% breastfed their babies within the first hour after birth, 49.2% did not breastfeed within the first hour, 51.6% exclusively breastfed in the first 6 months, 48.4% did not breastfeed exclusively in the first 6 months. Moreover, results revealed that a high-risk pregnancy status, mode of delivery, prelacteal food, and the mother's role in making decisions about baby feeding affects breastfeeding practices within the first hour after birth.

Conclusions:

Initiatives should be increased to start breastfeeding within the first hour after birth in women who have high-risk pregnancy and those giving birth by cesarean section. Breast milk should be the baby's first food, and mothers should be the primary decision-makers in baby's nutrition.