bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Twelve-month Outcomes of a Cluster-randomized Trial of Home-based Postpartum Contraceptive Delivery in Southwest Trifinio, Guatemala
Authors: Harrison Margo , Bunge-Montes Saskia , Rivera Claudia , Jimenez-Zambrano Andrea , Heinrichs Gretchen , Bolanos Antonio , Asturias Edwin , Berman Steven , Sheeder Jeanelle
Published: December 2020

Design: We executed a cluster-randomized parallel arm pragmatic trial to observe the association of home-based postpartum contraceptive provision, including the contraceptive implant, with three and 12-month contraceptive utilization, satisfaction, and pregnancy rates.Methods: Eight clusters were randomized to receive either the home-based contraceptive delivery (condoms, pills, injection, implant) during the routine 40-day postpartum visit in addition to routine care, or routine care alone, which included comprehensive contraceptive counseling throughout antepartum care. Results: 208 women were enrolled in the study, 108 in the intervention clusters and 100 in control clusters. 94 (87.0%) women in the intervention group and 91 (91%) of women in control clusters were evaluated 12 months post-enrollment. Likelihood of using contraception at that time was borderline increased in intervention clusters (RR 1.1 [1.0,1.3], p = 0.05) with an increased likelihood of long-acting contraceptive use (the implant; RR 1.6 [1.3,1.9], p < 0.001). Pregnancy rates were also borderline reduced in the intervention clusters (RR 1.0 [1.0,1.1], p = 0.07). There was no difference in satisfaction of women with contraceptive use between arms with about 95% of women very satisfied or a little satisfied in each arm. Continuation rates at twelve months of contraceptives in the intervention group were 0.0% for condom users, 80.0% for contraceptive pill users, 57% for injectable users, and 83% for implant users. Most women who discontinued their initial method chose a more long-term or permanent method. There was a trend toward a significant association with reduced short interval pregnancy.Conclusion: Our study had a borderline increase in overall use of contraception by 12 months, did have an increased likelihood of long-acting contraceptive use of the implant by 12 months, and resulted in a trend toward reduced short interval pregnancy in the intervention clusters as compared to control clusters. Registration: clinicaltrials.gov, NCT04005391; Retrospectively Registered 7/2/2019, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04005391Protocol: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-019-3735-3
Dynamics of Schistosoma Mansoni Development in The Intermediate Host, Biomphalaria Glabrata, A Freshwater Snail
Authors: Ouji Yukiteru , Misu Masayasu , Kitamura Tomotaka , Hamasaki Megumi , Hamano Shinjiro , Yoshikawa Masahide
Published: December 2020

Background Schistosomiasis is one of the most significant and prevalent waterborne parasitic diseases. Even though many studies have been reported about schistosomiasis, the dynamics of schistosome in intermediate host snails is little known. In the present study, the dynamics of Schistosoma larvae in infected snails was histologically investigated. Methods To examine the localization of Schistosoma mansoni (S. mansoni) parasites in the snails, Biomphalaria glabrata snails infected with miracidia were harvested and examined by stereoscopic observation. Then, frozen sections were prepared and stained with H&E. Furthermore, immunohistochemical detection of parasites was performed using anti-S. mansoni antibody, and their localization in the snails was analyzed. Results Snails infected with S. mansoni miracidia were harvested at 10 and 56 days post-infection (DPI) and analyzed. In the stereoscopic observations, white spots were observed at 56 DPI, while no spots were observed at 10 DPI. However, histological investigations visualized the larvae specifically in the head-foot area of the snail at 10 DPI. Further, it was observed that the larvae relocated to the hepatopancreas and ovotestis areas at 56 DPI. Conclusions The present study revealed the dynamics of Schistosoma larvae in intermediate snails, shown as the differential localization of S. mansoni larvae at early and late infection stages.
Point-of-care ultrasound-guided conservative fluid therapy improved the outcome of critically ill patients: a before-and-after study
Authors: He Hui , Zeng Mingqiang , Chen Jing , Deng Lei , chen youdai
Published: December 2020

BackgroundThe danger of volume overload was not yet well understood and appreciated. Point-of-care ultrasound assessment of blood volume was not widely practiced.MethodsCritically ill patients managed with point-of-care ultrasound were compared with those managed without, in an intensive care unit (ICU) for medical and surgical cases. Distended internal jugular veins and inferior vena cava with reduced collapsibility were taken as signs of hypervolemia and negative fluid balance became a goal.ResultsCompared with critically ill patients admitted before application of point-of-care ultrasound assessment (from March, 2019 through October, 2019; 291 cases), cases admitted after (from November, 2019 through June, 2020; 285 cases) had significantly lower in-ICU mortality (34.7% vs 26.7%, p=0.038; Fisher’s exact test), together with a dramatic change from overall positive fluid balance to negative one. Multiple logistic regression showed that cumulative fluid balance during ICU stay, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores on admission were independent risk factors for in-ICU mortality (p<0.001, p<0.001 and p=0.043 respectively). After controlling for APACHE II and SOFA scores on admission, Cox hazard ratio of cases with a negative cumulative fluid balance during ICU stay was 0.683 (95% confidence interval 0.475-0.981; p=0039).ConclusionsPoint-of-care ultrasound examination of internal jugular veins and inferior vena cava directed fluid therapy to conservative strategy, and negative cumulative fluid balance during ICU stay was associated with a reduced in-ICU mortality.
Strategically estimated CapEx: wave energy converter costs breakdown and parameterisation
Authors: Choupin Ophélie , Henriksen Michael , Etemad-Shahidi Amir , Tomlinson Rodger
Published: December 2020

In wave renewable energy, the Capital Expenditure (CapEx) is often a fixed number or depends on a single variable (e.g. power or converter characteristic mass). Hence, it poorly highlights the CapEx dependency on the Wave Energy Converter (WEC) and Wave Energy Farm (WEF) design, which in turn depend on the site characteristics. As, most of CapEx components are accessible by wave companies nowadays, this article introduces the new generic CapEx method. This method is divided into three steps: (1) distinguishing WEC’s elements from the WEF’s; (2) defining the parameters characterising the WECs, WEFs, and site locations; and (3) estimating elements that affect WEC and WEF elements’ cost and translate them into factors using the parameters defined in step (2). The case study is based on Wavepiston because of its advanced stage and the availability of its WEC information and costs. The focus of this study is on the detailed application of step (1) and (2) to Wavepiston, to estimate the Wavepiston WEC cost using step (3). This study also illustrates how to handle complex and limited datasets of WEC configuration and site characteristics. Moreover, the results from the CapEx method were validated by manual estimations from Wavepiston. It was found for Wavepiston WEC, the site characteristics were the least affecting parameters in comparison to the WEC configuration parameters. This study also applies another parameterised cost calculation method based on the Froude law similitude as a simpler but more rigid alternative, for the CapEx method. It was shown that with appropriate scaling parameter, the Similitude method provided similar, although higher, estimations than the CapEx method’s within low ranges of WEC up-scaling. In high ranges of up-scaling, the Similitude method overestimated Wavepiston WEC cost.
Navigating the U.S. Health Insurance Landscape for Children with Rare Diseases: A Qualitative Study of Parents’ Experiences.
Authors: Pasquini Tai LS , Goff Sarah L , Whitehill Jennifer M
Published: December 2020

Background: Parents of children with rare diseases often face uncertainty about diagnosis, treatment, and costs associated with healthcare for their child. Health insurance status impacts each of these areas, but no U.S. study has explored parents’ perceptions of the health insurance impacts on their child’s care. This study aimed to qualitatively explore how these parents navigate the complex health insurance system for their children and their experiences in doing so.Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with parents of children with metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) and spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), chosen for specific disease characteristics and orphan drug status. Participants were recruited via e-mail through patient advocacy organizations between September and December 2018. Interviews were conducted via Skype, were recorded, and professionally transcribed. Grounded theory was utilized as a methodology to analyze transcripts in an iterative process to determine themes and sub-themes based on participant described experiences.Results: Major themes and subthemes that emerged across the 15 interviews included: 1) difficulties obtaining secondary insurance based on state eligibility criteria; 2) difficulty accessing needed healthcare services; and 3) need for repeated interactions with insurance representatives. The absence of clearly documented or widely recognized clinical guidelines exacerbated the difficulty accessing care identified as necessary by their healthcare team, such as therapy and equipment. An explanatory model for parent’s experiences was developed from the themes and subthemes. The model includes the cyclical nature of interacting with insurance for redundant reauthorizations and the outside support and financial assistance that is often necessary to address their child’s healthcare needs.Conclusions: With complex health conditions, small setbacks can become costly and disruptive to the health of the child and the life of the family. This study suggests that patients with rare diseases may benefit from time limits for processing coverage decisions, increasing transparency in the claims and preauthorization processes, and more expansive authorizations for on-going needs. Additional studies are needed to understand the full scope of barriers and to inform policies that can facilitate better access for families living with rare diseases.
The Association of Body Composition Parameters and Laboratory Markers With The Severity of Hypertriglyceridemia-Induced Pancreatitis
Authors: Chen Lifang , Huang Yingbao , Yu Huajun , Pan Kehua , Zhang Zhao , Man Yi , Hu Dingyuan
Published: December 2020

Background: Hypertriglyceridemia has arisen as the third leading cause of acute pancreatitis. This study aimed at exploring the association between the severity of hypertriglyceridemia-induced pancreatitis (HTGP) and computed tomography (CT)-based body composition parameters and laboratory markers.Methods: Clinical parameters were collected from 242 patients with HTGP between 2017 and 2020. Severity of HTGP was evaluated by original or modified CT severity index. Body composition parameters such as area and radiodensity of muscle, subcutaneous adipose tissue and visceral adipose tissue were calculated by CT at the third lumbar vertebra level. Parameters between mild and moderately severe to severe HTGP were compared. Uni-variate and multi-variate Logistic regression analyses were employed to assess the risk factors of the severity of HTGP.Results: Seventy patients with HTGP (28.9%) were mild. Body mass index, waist circumference and all CT-based body composition parameters differed between male and female patients. None was associated with the severity of HTGP, neither in the male nor in the female. Uni-variate and multi-variate Logistic regression analysis showed that low serum albumin (<35g/L) and high C-reactive protein (>90 mg/L) were risk factors of moderately severe to severe HTGP (P<0.001, OR=4.846, 95%CI=2.122-11.068; P<0.001, OR=4.230, 95%CI=2.050-8.727, respectively). Low serum albumin was also associated with pancreatic necrosis, longer hospital stay and higher scores of APACHE II, Ranson and Marshall in HTGP patients (all P<0.05).Conclusions: Low serum albumin and high C-reactive protein upon admission are associated with the severity of HTGP. However, none of the body composition parameters is associated with the severity of HTGP.
The Association Between Vitamin D and Acute Rejection in Human Kidney Transplantation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Study
Authors: Mirzakhani Mohammad , Mohammadkhani Sheyda , Hekmatirad Shirin , Aghapour Soudabeh , Gorjizadeh Negar , Shahbazi Mehdi , Mohammadnia-Afrouzi Mousa
Published: December 2020

Background: Vitamin D (VitD) deficiency is associated with several diseases such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, respiratory infection, and so forth. In the field of transplantation (kidney transplantation), some studies reported that patients with VitD deficiency are of increased risk of acute rejection, but other studies did not show such a risk. On the other hand, since VitD is a modulatory factor and can reduce the inflammatory response, understanding the exact role of it in transplantation may contribute to tolerance condition in these patients.Methods: The electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, ProQuest, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, were searched for eligible studies. In general, 14 studies with a total of 4,770 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Regarding the methodological heterogeneity, we selected a random-effects combination model. Moreover, OR was chosen as an effect size for this study.Results: After the combination of 14 studies, we showed that patients in the VitD-deficient group had an 82% increased risk of acute rejection compared with patients in the VitD-sufficient group, and this effect was significant (OR 1.82; 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.29, 2.56]; I2 = 52.3%). This result was significant, and, regarding the narrow CI, it can be a conclusive result. Study quality and gender variables were the main sources of inconsistent results in the primary studies. Moreover, using meta-regression, we showed that VitD deficiency (independent from the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of patients) increased the risk of acute rejection.Conclusion: The normal VitD status of patients a few days before and after transplantation can reduce the risk of acute rejection, as it has definite modulatory effects on immune cells.
Genomic Predictions For Fillet Yield And Firmness In Rainbow Trout Using Reduced-Density SNP Panels
Authors: Al-Tobasei Rafet , Ali Ali R. , Garcia Andre L. S. , Lourenco Daniela , Leeds Tim , Salem Mohamed
Published: December 2020

Background One of the most important goals for the rainbow trout aquaculture industry is to improve fillet yield and fillet quality. Previously, we showed that a 50K transcribed-SNP chip can be used to detect quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with fillet yield and fillet firmness. In this study, data from 1,568 fish genotyped for the 50K transcribed-SNP chip and ~774 fish phenotyped for fillet yield and fillet firmness were used in a single-step genomic BLUP (ssGBLUP) model to compute the genomic estimated breeding values (GEBV). In addition, pedigree-based best linear unbiased prediction (PBLUP) was used to calculate traditional, family-based estimated breeding values (EBV). Results The genomic predictions outperformed the traditional EBV by 35% for fillet yield and 42% for fillet firmness. The predictive ability for fillet yield and fillet firmness was 0.19 - 0.20 with PBLUP, and 0.27 with ssGBLUP. Additionally, reducing SNP panel densities indicated that using 500 – 800 SNPs in genomic predictions still provides predictive abilities higher than PBLUP. Conclusion These results suggest that genomic evaluation is a feasible strategy to identify and select fish with superior genetic merit within rainbow trout families, even with low-density SNP panels.
Effects of Exogenous Adiponectin Supplementation in Early Pregnant PCOS Mice on the Metabolic Syndrome of Adult Female Offspring
Authors: Zuo Meng , Liao Guotao , Zhang Wenqian , Xu Dan , Lu Juan , Tang Manhong , Yan Yue , Hong Chenghao , Wang Yuxia
Published: December 2020

Objective: PCOS is a heterogeneous endocrine disorder with both reproductive and metabolic abnormalities. At present, PCOS has been confirmed to have a certain genetic background. Compared with healthy women, the vast majority of PCOS patients have hyperandrogenemia, and this excessive androgen exposure during pregnancy may affect the development of female fetuses. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of adiponectin intervention during early pregnancy of obese mice with PCOS on the metabolic phenotype of adult female offspring.Methods: After the PCOS model was established, C57BL/6J mice were divided into maternal-control, maternal-PCOS, and maternal-PCOS+APN groups. DHEA-induced PCOS mice were supplemented with adiponectin (10 mg/kg/day) in the early pregnancy in order to eliminate adverse hormone exposure and then traced for endocrine indicators in their adult female offspring, which were observed for metabolism syndrome or endocrine disturbance and exhibited the main effects of APN. To further explore the underlying mechanism, the relative expressions of phosphorylated AMPK, PI3K, and Akt were detected in the ovaries of offspring mice.Results: The serum testosterone level of the maternal-PCOS+APN group in early pregnancy was significantly lower than that of the maternal-PCOS group (p < 0.01). The serum testosterone level in the offspring-PCOS+APN group was significantly lower than in the offspring-PCOS group (p＜0.05), the diestrus time characterized by massive granulocyte aggregation in the estrus cycle was significantly shorter than in the offspring-PCOS group (p＜0.05), and the phenotypes of PCOS-like reproductive disorders and metabolic disorders, such as obesity, insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, and hyperlipidemia, were also significantly improved in the offspring-PCOS+APN group (p＜0.05). Compared with the control group, the expression levels of phosphorylated AMPK, PI3K, and Akt in the offspring-PCOS group were significantly decreased (p＜0.05), while those in the offspring-PCOS+APN group were significantly increased (p＜0.05).Conclusions: APN intervention in early pregnancy significantly reduced the adverse effects of maternal obesity and high androgen levels during pregnancy on female offspring and corrected the PCOS-like endocrine phenotype and metabolic disorders of adult female offspring. This effect may be caused by the activation of the AMPK/PI3K-Akt signaling pathway in PCOS offspring mice.
Design of Running Training Assistance System Based on Blockchain Technology in Wireless Network
Authors: Ma Fuxing
Published: December 2020

Running exercise can increase the basal metabolic rate and increase the time of aerobic exercise. Based on the current needs of the general public for running auxiliary training, this paper combines wireless sensing and blockchain technology in the design scheme, and designs and implements a running training auxiliary technology. First, it obtains the user's gait information and other related parameters in the process through the wireless sensor network, and optimize the calculation gait in different states through the noise processing algorithm. Then, we use the blockchain technology to design a data transmission and storage plan for the protection and analysis of the user's personal privacy data. The proposed method builds a new type of sports training assistance system for the masses of modern society and contributes to the masses' physical exercise.
Genetic diversity analysis of brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys based on mitochondrial COI and COII haplotypes
Authors: Yan Juncong , Pal Chandan , Anderson Diane , Vétek Gábor , Farkas Péter , Burne Allan , Fan Qing-Hai , Zhang Jinping , Gunawardana Disna N. , Balan Rebijith Kayattukandy , George Sherly , Li Dongmei
Published: December 2020

Background: In the past decade, the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) has caused extensive damage to global agriculture. As a high-risk pest for many countries, including New Zealand, it is important to explore its genetic diversity to enhance our knowledge and devise management strategies for BMSB populations. In this study, two mitochondrial genes, Cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) and Cytochrome c oxidase II (COII) were used to explore the genetic diversity among 463 BMSB individuals collected from 12 countries. Result: In total, 51 COI and 29 COII haplotypes of BMSB were found, which formed 59 combined haplotypes (5 reported and 54 novel). Of these, H1h1 was the predominant haplotype. The haplotype diversity ( Hd ) and nucleotide diversity ( π ) were high while the neutrality (Fu's Fs) values were negative for the BMSB populations in the native countries, China, and Japan. For the BMSB populations from the invaded countries, the Fu's Fs values were negative for populations from Chile, Georgia, Hungary, Italy, Romania, Turkey, and USA, indicating that those populations are under demographic expansion. In comparison, the Fu's Fs values were positive for the populations from Austria, Serbia, and Slovenia, revealing a potential population bottleneck. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) suggested that significant genetic difference exists among the BMSB populations from China, Japan, and the invasive countries. Conclusion: This study revealed that the haplotype diversity of the BMSB populations was high in those two studied countries where BMSB is native to (China and Japan) but low in those countries which have been invaded by the species. The analysis indicated that multiple invasions of BMSB occurred in Europe and the USA. The study also revealed three ancestral lines and most of the novel haplotypes were evolved from them. Moreover, we observed two genetic clusters in the invasive populations that are formed during different invasion events. Our study provided a comprehensive overview on the global haplotypes distribution thus expanding the existing knowledge on BMSB genetic diversity that potentially could play an important role in formulating feasible pest management strategies.
Prognostic factors of time to first abortion after sexual debut among fragile State Congolese women: a survival analysis
Authors: Ekholuenetale Michael , Ekholuenetale Charity Ehimwenma , Barrow Amadou
Published: December 2020

Background: Despite the common restrictive abortion laws, abortion remains widespread in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries. Women still utilize abortion services and put their lives and health at risk because abortion can only be procured illegally in private facilities such as mid-level or small patent medicine store that may be manned by unskilled providers or through a non-medicated approach. The objective of this study was to determine median years and factors of time to first abortion after sexual debut among Congolese women.Methods: We used data from the most recent Republic of Congo Demographic and Health Survey (DHS). A total sample of 3,622 women aged 15-49 years was analyzed. We estimated the overall prevalence of abortion and median years to first abortion. Furthermore, we examined the factors of time to first abortion after sexual debut using multivariable Cox regression and reported the estimates using adjusted Hazard Ratio (aHR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Statistical significance was determined at p<0.05.Results: The prevalence of abortion was 60.0% and median years of time to first abortion after sexual debut was 9.0. The prominent reasons for abortion were due to too short birth interval (23.8%), lack of money (21.0%) and that husband/partner did not need a child at that time (14.0%). Women’s age and region were notable factors in timing to first abortion. Furthermore, women from poorer, middle, richer and richest households had 34%, 67%, 86% and 94% higher risk of abortion respectively, when compared with women from poorest households (aHR estimates). Women currently in union/living with a man and formerly in union had 41% and 29% reduction in the risk of abortion respectively, when compared with those never in union (aHR estimates). In addition, women with primary and secondary+ education had 42% and 76% higher risk of abortion respectively, when compared with women with no formal education (aHR estimates). Conclusion: There was high prevalence of abortion with short years at first abortion. Abortion was associated with women’s characteristics. There is need for unwanted pregnancy prevention intervention and the improvement in pregnancy care to reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes among women.
Dendritic cell responses to Plasmodium falciparum in a malaria-endemic setting
Authors: Turner Triniti C. , Arama Charles , Ongoiba Aissata , Doumbo Safiatou , Doumtabé Didier , Kayentao Kassoum , Skinner Jeff , Li Shanping , Traore Boubacar , Crompton Peter D. , Götz Anton
Published: December 2020

Background Plasmodium falciparum causes the majority of malaria cases worldwide and children in sub-Saharan Africa are the most vulnerable group affected. Non-sterile clinical immunity that protects from symptoms develops slowly and is relatively short-lived. Moreover, current malaria vaccine candidates fail to induce durable high-level protection in endemic settings, possibly due to the immunomodulatory effects of the malaria parasite itself. Because dendritic cells play a crucial role in initiating immune responses, the aim of this study was to better understand the impact of cumulative malaria exposure as well as concurrent P. falciparum infection on dendritic cell phenotype and function.Methods In this cross-sectional study, the phenotype and function of dendritic cells freshly isolated from peripheral blood samples of Malian adults with a lifelong history of malaria exposure who were either uninfected (n=27) or asymptomatically infected with P. falciparum (n=8) was assessed. Additionally, plasma cytokine and chemokine levels were measured in these adults and in Malian children (n=19) with acute symptomatic malaria.Results With the exception of lower plasmacytoid dendritic cell frequencies in asymptomatically infected Malian adults, peripheral blood dendritic cell subset frequencies and HLA-DR surface expression did not differ by infection status. Peripheral blood myeloid dendritic cells of uninfected Malian adults responded to in vitro stimulation with P. falciparum blood-stage parasites by up-regulating the costimulatory molecules HLA-DR, CD80, CD86 and CD40 and secreting IL-10, CXCL9 and CXCL10. In contrast, myeloid dendritic cells of asymptomatically infected Malian adults exhibited no significant responses above the uninfected red blood cell control. IL-10 and CXCL9 plasma levels were elevated in both asymptomatic adults and children with acute malaria.Conclusions The findings of this study indicate that myeloid dendritic cells of uninfected adults with a lifelong history of malaria exposure are able to up-regulate co-stimulatory molecules and produce cytokines. Whether mDCs of malaria-exposed individuals are efficient antigen-presenting cells capable of mounting an appropriate immune response remains to be determined. The data also highlights IL-10 and CXCL9 as important factors in both asymptomatic and acute malaria and add to the understanding of asymptomatic P. falciparum infections in malaria-endemic areas.
Factors of innovative growth of the construction industry in Russia
Authors:   Perm Institute (branch) of the Russian Economic University named after G. V. Plekhanov, Oborin M.
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to technological innovations, problems of their implementation at the industry level and at the level of construction organizations. The factors hindering the introduction of innovations in the investment construction complex are identified. Measures of state support for this process are proposed. Recommendations are given for improving the mechanisms for introducing innovations in the investment construction complex. Technological progress determines the pace and strategic directions of construction development. Since the construction industry sets the pace of economic development and is an important sector of the economy of many countries of the world, there is no doubt about the relevance of the problem under study. The introduction of technologies has contributed to the dynamic development of construction services in the last few years in developed countries. The purpose of the study is to analyze the prerequisites for the strategic development of construction based on scientific and technical development, as well as to identify growth restrictions in the regions of the country. The following research methods have been used by the author - system, situational, network approaches, modeling of socio-economic processes. In the course of the study theoretical approaches to the development of construction in the conditions of scientific-technical progress were considered; a model of strategic development of the industry was presented, including legal documents, in particular the draft Strategy for construction until 2030. The transition to an innovative development path is a complex process that requires a unified policy at the regional and local levels. The article reveals the problems of the construction complex innovative development and substantiates the factors that stimulate its transition to a new technological structure. Despite certain difficulties, the construction sector has many prospects for further development, but there are restrictions related to financing, risks, and methodological support for evaluating innovations
Methodology for studies of religious and political threats in modern socio-political science and philosophy
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, Mladenov V. , Romanova I. ,   Transbaikal State University, Zhukova A. ,   Transbaikal State University
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes the research methodology of the problem of religious threats, aiming to identify their specificity in comparison with other threats to state and public security. Methodology is presented by a phenomenological approach, comparative approach, historical approach, comprehensive approach, determination of the study course, which consists not in exposing the threat to the public manifestations of religion, but in the development of the theory of social adaptation of religion. The authors prove that emerging religion by trying to spread its influence in society causes a negative reaction. This reaction compels them to make efforts, on the one hand it aims to protect their rights, on the other – aimed at the transformation of the original own institutional, ideological and strategic installations, that is at the process of adaptation to the society that originally has been rejected by them. As a result of such interaction, religious associations initially persecuted in society form an atmosphere of tolerance around them and become equal participants in social discourse. It is important that this process, which generates new players within the social space, affects traditional religions, which are forced either to squeeze in the market of spirituality, or, like its competitors, to transform their social policy
Elections to regional parliaments of Russia on the example of the State Assembly (Il Tumen) of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)
Authors:   North-Eastern Federal University named after M. K. Ammosov, Petrov Yu. , Grigoriev N. ,   North-Eastern Federal University named after M. K. Ammosov
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes the tendencies of elections to the regional parliaments of Russia on the example of the State Assembly (Il Tumen) of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Local parliaments are called upon to fulfill the function of separating the legislative and executive branches of government. However, in the modern Russian political system, the institution of parliamentarism is poorly developed at the federal and local levels. Regional parliaments have little influence on decisions on financial aspects, often continuing the all-Russian legislative process. The electoral process associated with elections to local legislative assemblies developed based on the logic of the development of the federal electoral system and the development of federal relations. In the 1990s during the period of decentralized federalism, various types of regional regimes with developed party systems took shape. In the 2000s during the period of centralization, the powers of the regions were reduced, which led to the abolition of direct elections of heads of subjects, and the reform of party and electoral systems. By now, a mixed electoral system has been formed according to party lists and the majority system. The party composition of regional parliaments also does not differ from the federal list of Duma factions. The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is a national republic, which influences the formation of the local regional elite. There are noticeable tendencies in the interdependence of representatives of the elite of the executive and legislative branches of government, as well as signs of community, family ties. According to the party lists of the party of power “United Russia”, the Head of the Republic and representatives of the upper echelons of the republican government are usually represented. In the elections of 2013 and 2018 four parties, representatives of the small parties “Civic Platform” and “For Women of Russia”, are steadily receiving deputy mandates to the local parliament
Brief analysis of educational policy of the People’s Republic of China
Authors:   Chita Institute of the Baikal State University, Sharenkova T. , Tarabarko K. ,   Transbaikal State University
Published: December 2020

The study is devoted to the problems of education, since education is a strategic area, as it forms public consciousness and a system of values. According to the authors, the importance of education and the importance of its reform should not be underestimated, since the goals, content of education and the degree of its impact on all respondents of the educational process determine the present and future of society. The reform process in this area currently covers all countries and states without exception. Education reflects the general dynamics of integrating intellectual property into market relations and becomes an integral part of the “consumer society”. The subject of this research is the educational policy of the Chinese leadership. If earlier the countries of the East paid attention and borrowed a lot from the West - the market economy, political systems, as well as the education system, now, in the 21st century, on the contrary, the countries of the West are studying the East. According to the authors, despite the variety of works devoted to the problems of education considered in the article, the experience of China currently requires a deeper study and rethinking. The Chinese government prioritizes education, closely linking the economic success of society with education reforms. In this regard, the topic of this article seems to be very relevant. The research methodology is based on a combination of descriptive and structural analysis. This article examines the micro and macro trends in the development of education in China in the near future, which is the practical significance of the study. The authors conclude that the measures taken by the leadership of the PRC in the field of education are very successful and can be useful for overcoming the systemic crisis in education in Russia. Today, in the opinion of many scientists, in the context of globalization, the convergence of the eastern and western education systems will contribute to a paradigm shift: the technocratic vector of education will be replaced by an anthropological one, and the main resource of the educational process will be the eastern philosophy and the educational system of Asian countries, in particular China. The analytical base of the study includes legislative and regulatory acts, materials from periodicals, a review of scientific articles by experts in the field of education
Development of a platform economy in Russia: possible negative consequences for the Siberian and Far Eastern regions
Authors:   V. B. Sochava Institute of Geography SB RAS, Blanutsa V.
Published: December 2020

In the national project “Digital Economy of the Russian Federation” it is noted that the state will support the creation of leading platform companies. However, the project and numerous scientific comments on this project do not explain the possible socio-economic consequences of the development of the platform economy for certain groups of Russian regions. To develop regional development strategies, first of all, it is necessary to know the negative consequences. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to identify possible negative consequences of the platform economy development for the regions of the Siberian and Far Eastern Federal districts of Russia. The analysis of the global array of scientific publications on platform economics in comparison with the peculiarities of the socio-economic development of Siberia and the Far East has revealed five possible negative consequences: concentration of platform companies in the capital of Russia; polarization of the economic space; transformation of regional labour markets; increase in migration flows and chaotic spatial diffusion of innovations. Qualitative estimates were obtained for these consequences. Future products and services with ultra-low signal delay in 5G networks (Tactile Internet, holographic calls, etc.) were selected for a quantitative assessment. Calculations of the signal delay between 196 cities in Siberia and the Far East have showed that it will be possible to create six territorial digital platforms. The business ecosystems that can be created around these platforms can cover 52 cities. The rest of the cities will find themselves without access to new products and services. This will create a future digital inequality that will cover 260 times more people than the current inequality in access to 3G–4G networks. The results can be used to refine the national project
Challenges and prospects for the Vietnam’s manufacturing industry development in the context of industry 4.0
Authors:   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Lo Thi Hong Van  , Guzikova L. ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the study is to identify the challenges, prospects and ways for the development of the manufacturing industry in Vietnam in the context of Industry 4.0, after COVID-19. The article examines the development of the manufacturing industry in the context of Industry 4.0. The research methodology includes comparative analysis, elements of positive and normative analysis. The study is based on statistical information available within the period of writing the article (till October 1, 2020). The data of Vietnamese and international research organizations and statistics bodies, in particular, the websites of World Bank and General Statistics Office of were used. The leading role of the manufacturing industry in achieving sustainable economic development in developing countries, including Vietnam, was determined. Based on an assessment of the levels of development of the manufacturing industry in Vietnam from 2011 to 2019 and the state of production of the main manufacturing industries under the influence of the coronavirus pandemic in 2020, urgent problems of the development of the manufacturing industry in the context of Industry 4.0 in Vietnam were identified. The coronavirus pandemic, on the one hand, is seen as the reason for the slowdown in production growth in the manufacturing industry, and on the other hand, as a condition for accelerating digital transformation in industrial manufacturing enterprises. The article identifies the main challenges and prospects for the development of the manufacturing industry in Vietnam in the fourth industrial revolution. The human resource challenge for the development of manufacturing in the context of the fourth industrial revolution was identified in some specific industries such as textiles, food processing, machinery and equipment manufacturing by analyzing the Report of 2019 about Industry 4.0 Readiness of Vietnam’s industrial enterprises. The main priority areas for improving the production of the manufacturing industry in Vietnam to achieve sustainable industrial development are presented. The results of the work can be used in the development of policies for the development of the manufacturing industry not only in Vietnam, but also in other developing countries
Eine neue Art der Gattung Adinopsis Cameron aus dem Baltischen Bernstein (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae, Deinopsini).
Authors: Zerche Lothar
Published: December 2020

Die erste fossile Art aus der Tribus Deinopsini, Adinopsis groehni sp. n., aus dem tertiären Baltischen Bernstein [ca. 35 Millionen Jahre] wird beschrieben und mit den rezenten Arten verglichen. Die fossile Art ähnelt in zwei wichtigen Antennen-Merkmalen der australischen Art Adinopsis australis (Fauvel). Diese Ähnlichkeit beruht aber nur auf Symplesiomorphien. Adinopsis groehni sp. n. ist eine stammesgeschichtlich isolierte Art, für die deshalb eine neue Artengruppe, die Adinopsis groehni-Gruppe, errichtet wird, die am Beginn der 'World checklist' von Klimaszewski & Jansen (1994) einzuordnen ist, gefolgt von der Adinopsis australis-Gruppe, die aus phylogenetischen Gründen anders plaziert werden muß.Nomenklatorische Handlungengroehni Zerche, 1999 (Adinopsis), spec. n.
A revision of Ilyobates Kraatz, 1856 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae, Oxypodini).
Authors: Assing Volker
Published: December 2020

Nach Revision der Typen und weiteren Materials der Arten der Gattung Ilyobates Kraatz werden sechs valide Arten erkannt: I. nigricollis (Paykull), I. bennetti Donisthorpe, I. propinquus (Aubé), I. mech (Baudi), I. merkli Eppelsheim und I. mirabilis sp. n. Die folgenden Taxa werden neu synonymisiert bzw. als Synonyme bestätigt: I. nigricollis (Paykull) = I. haroldi Ihssen, = I. nigricollis deubeli Bernhauer, syn. n., = I. hoelzeli Scheerpeltz, syn. n.; I. bennetti Donisthorpe = I. subopacus Palm; I. propinquus (Aubé) = I. rufus Kraatz; I. mech (Baudi) = I. hustachei Méquignon, syn. n., = I. pseudomech Lohse, syn. n., = Calodera sulcicollis Aubé; Pyroglossa Bernhauer = Gennadota Casey, syn. n. Für I. haroldi Ihssen, I. nigricollis deubeli Bernhauer, I. subopacus Palm, Calodera sulcicollis Aubé und I. rufus Kraatz werden Lectotypen designiert. Callicerus puberulus Casey and Gennadota canadensis Casey, zwei bisher der Gattung Ilyobates zugeordnete Arten aus Nordamerika, werden in die Gattung Pyroglossa Bernhauer transferiert. Die Gattungs- und Artdiagnosen werden durch eine Bestimmungstabelle sowie durch Abbildungen der Mundteile, der primären und sekundären Geschlechtsmerkmale und weiterer Differentialmerkmale ergänzt. Nach den vorliegenden biogeographischen Daten sind alle Ilyobates-Arten pontomediterrane Faunenelemente. Die intraspezifische morphologische Variabilität der Arten ist, wie eine morphometrische Auswertung ergab, enorm. Freilanduntersuchungen sowie Sammlungsdaten zeigen, daß die Ilyobates-Arten monovoltin sind und sich im Frühjahr und Sommer fortpflanzen; die Imagines überwintern offenbar in einem unterirdischen, nicht näher bekannten Habitat. Die Bionomie sowie mögliche Erklärungen für die erhebliche intraspezifische Variabilität werden diskutiert.StichwörterColeoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae, Oxypodini, Ilyobates, Pyroglossa, Gennadota, Palaearctic region, Europe, taxonomy, biogeography, ecology, intraspecific variation, life history, new species, new synonymy, new combination, lectotype designation.Nomenklatorische Handlungenharoldi Ihssen, 1934 (Ilyobates), Lectotype now a synonym of Ilyobates nigricollis (Paykull, 1800)hölzeli Scheerpeltz, 1947 (Ilyobates), syn. n. of Ilyobates nigricollis (Paykull, 1800)hustachi Méquignon, 1933 (Ilyobates), syn. n. of Ilyobates mech (Baudi, 1848)mirabillis Assing, 1999 (Ilyobates), spec. n.pseudomech Lohse, 1994 (Ilyobates), syn. n. of Ilyobates mech (Baudi, 1848)rufus Kraatz, 1856 (Ilyobates), Lectotype now a synonym of Ilyobates propinquus (Aubé, 1850)subopacus Palm, 1935 (Ilyobates), Lectotype now a synonym of Ilyobates bennetti Donisthorpe, 1914deubeli Bernhauer, 1902 (Ilyobates nigricollis), syn. n. of Ilyobates nigricollis (Paykull, 1800)canadensis (Casey, 1906) (Pyroglossa), comb. n. hitherto Gennadota canadensispuberula (Casey, 1893) (Pyroglossa), comb. n. hitherto Callicerus puberulus
Nahrungsanalytische Untersuchungen an einigen mitteleuropäischen Chrysopiden-Imagines (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae).
Authors: Bozsik András
Published: December 2020

Zur Bestimmung der natürlichen Nahrungsspektren von adulten Chrysopiden (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae) wurden 1816 Individuen von 7 Arten seziert und ihre Enddarminhalte mikroskopisch analysiert. Die Imagines wurden in einem unkultivierten Gebiet (natürliches Habitat) und in einem Garten in Gödöll (Nordungarn) gefangen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, daß die relevanten Literaturdaten und die allgemeine Beurteilung der Nahrungsspektren adulter Chrysopiden nur einseitig deren natürliche Nahrung repräsentieren, wenn Florfliegenarten als karnivor und pollino-glycinophag betrachtet werden. Die Ergebnisse der mikroskopischen Analyse von Darminhalten (Pollen, Reduktionssaccharide von kristallinen Strukturen, Hefen, Sporen und Beutetierfragmenten) ermöglichen die Hypothese zweier Ernährungstypen innerhalb der Familie Chrysopidae: - 1. phytophag (glycino-pollinophag) (Chrysoperla carnea, Dichochrysa prasina). - 2. omnivor (Gattung Chrysopa): - omnivor mit überwiegend räuberischer Ernährungsweise, aber auch mit der Aufnahme pflanzlicher Nährstoffe als Ersatznahrung (Chrysopa pallens, Chrysopa viridana), - omnivor; die räuberische Ernährungsweise dominiert und pflanzliche Nahrung spielt nur eine geringere Rolle (Chrysopa perla, Chrysopa abbreviata, Chrysopa formosa).StichwörterNeuroptera, Chrysopidae, Chrysoperla carnea, Dichochrysa prasina, Chrysopa pallens, Chrysopa viridana, Chrysopa formosa, Chrysopa perla, Chrysopa abbreviata, adults, gut content analysis, Central Europe.
On the systematics and distribution of Porocallus Sharp, 1888 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae, Oxypodini).
Authors: Assing Volker
Published: December 2020

Der Holotypus und weiteres Material von Porocallus insignis Sharp, 1888 werden revidiert. Sowohl die Gattung als auch die Art werden redeskribiert; die Mundteile und die primären und sekundären Sexualmerkmale werden abgebildet. Eine Untersuchung wesentlicher morphologischer Merkmale ergab, dass die Gattung zu Recht der Tribus Oxypodini zugeordnet wurde. Porocallus wird als distinkte Gattung bestätigt und von der äußerlich ähnlichen westpaläarktischen Gattung Ilyobates Kraatz, 1856 unterschieden. Die einzige bisher bekannte Art, die Typusart P. insignis, ist in der Ostpaläarktis offenbar weit verbreitet und wird erstmals von verschiedenen Regionen außerhalb Japans nachgewiesen: aus China (Sichuan, Shaanxi), Nordkorea sowie dem Russischen Fernen Osten. Die bisher bekannten Funde werden anhand einer Verbreitungskarte illustriert.StichwörterColeoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae, Oxypodini, Porocallus, Ilyobates, Eastern Palaearctic region, taxonomy, redescription, distribution.