bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Copy Number Aberrations in Benign Serous Ovarian Tumors: A Case for Reclassification?
Authors: Hunter Sally M. , Anglesio Michael S. , Sharma Raghwa , Gilks C. Blake , Melnyk Nataliya , Chiew Yoke-Eng , deFazio Anna , Longacre Teri A. , Huntsman David G. , Gorringe Kylie L. , Campbell Ian G.
Published: October 2011

Purpose: Serous ovarian carcinomas are the predominant epithelial ovarian cancer subtype and it has been widely believed that some or all of these may arise from precursors derived from the ovarian surface epithelium or fimbriae, although direct molecular evidence for this is limited. This study aimed to conduct copy number (CN) analysis using a series of benign and borderline serous ovarian tumors to identify underlying genomic changes that may be indicative of early events in tumorigenesis.

Experimental Design: High resolution CN analysis was conducted on DNA from the epithelial and fibroblast components of a cohort of benign (N = 39) and borderline (N = 24) serous tumors using the Affymetrix OncoScan assay and SNP6.0 arrays.

Results: CN aberrations were detected in the epithelium of only 2.9% (1 of 35) of serous cystadenomas and cystadenofibromas. In contrast, CN aberrations were detected in the epithelium of 67% (16 of 24) of the serous borderline tumors (SBT). Unexpectedly, CN aberrations were detected in the fibroblasts of 33% (13 of 39) of the benign serous tumors and in 15% (3 of 20) of the SBTs. Of the 16 cases with CN aberrations in the fibroblasts, 12 of these carried a gain of chromosome 12.

Conclusions: Chromosome 12 trisomy has been previously identified in pure fibromas, supporting the concept that a significant proportion of benign serous tumors are in fact primary fibromas with an associated cystic mass. This is the first high resolution genomic analysis of benign serous ovarian tumors and has shown not only that the majority of benign serous tumors have no genetic evidence of epithelial neoplasia but that a significant proportion may be more accurately classified as primary fibromas. Clin Cancer Res; 17(23); 7273–82. ©2011 AACR.
Covalent Coupling of Vitamin D3 to the Major Cat Allergen Fel d 1 Improves the Effects of Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy in a Mouse Model for Cat Allergy
Authors: Grundström Jeanette , Neimert-Andersson Theresa , Kemi Cecilia , Nilsson Ola B. , Saarne Tiiu , Andersson Mats , van Hage Marianne , Gafvelin Guro
Published: October 2011

Background: Allergen-specific immunotherapy (SIT) is currently the only curative treatment for allergy but the treatment needs to be improved. We hypothesize that covalent coupling of immunomodulating vitamin D3 to the major cat allergen Fel d 1 can enhance the beneficial effects of SIT to cat allergy. Methods: We treated mice sensitized to Fel d 1 with subcutaneous injections of two doses of recombinant Fel d 1 coupled to 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (rFel d 1:VD3) and compared to treatment with the same doses of rFel d 1 in a mouse model for cat allergy. Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), cytokines and cells in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), in vitro activation of splenocytes to rFel d 1, and Fel d 1-specific immunoglobulins were evaluated. Results: Treatment with both doses of rFel d 1:VD3 decreased AHR, cellular influx and Th2 cytokines in BAL compared to untreated mice. High- and low-dose rFel d 1 treatment also decreased AHR and BAL Th2 cytokines, with less decrease for the low-dose treatment. Importantly, the total number of cells and eosinophils in BAL was markedly reduced at both high- and low-dose rFel d 1:VD3 compared to treatment with rFel d 1 alone. Finally, treatment with both rFel d 1 and rFel d 1:VD3 induced Fel d 1-specific serum IgG. Conclusion: Our results indicate a beneficial therapeutic effect of rFel d 1:VD3 on airway inflammation, AHR and rFel d 1-specific immune responses and thus suggest that this novel immunomodulatory candidate may improve both the efficacy and safety of SIT.
Colonic Inflammation Increases the Contribution of Muscarinic M2 Receptors to Carbachol-Induced Contraction of the Rat Colon
Authors: Jragh Dina M. , Khan Islam , Oriowo Mabayoje A.
Published: October 2011

Objectives: Carbachol-induced contraction of the rat colon is impaired in rats with trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis. The main objective of this study was to examine the effect of colitis on the expression and function of muscarinic (M) receptor subtypes in the rat colon. Materials and Methods: Rats (n = 80) were treated with TNBS and used 5 days later for measurement of contractility, myeloperoxidase activity, histology and expression of muscarinic receptor isoforms using Western blot analysis. Results: Carbachol produced concentration-dependent contractions of colonic segments from control (n = 40) and TNBS-treated (n = 40) rats with no significant difference in potency. However, the maximum response to carbachol was significantly reduced in colon segments of TNBS-treated rats. The selective muscarinic receptor antagonists 4-diphenylacetoxy-N-methyl piperidine (4-DAMP, M3), pirenzepine (M1) and methoctramine (M2) antagonized carbachol-induced contraction in control (9.1 ± 0.1, 6.7 ± 0.3 and 6.0 ± 0.1, respectively) and TNBS-treated rats (9.2 ± 0.2, 6.9 ± 0.2, 6.7 ± 0.2). The –logKB values in control rats are consistent with an action of carbachol on muscarinic M3 receptors. There was no significant difference in –logKB values for 4-DAMP and pirenzepine in control and TNBS-treated rats, but methoctramine was fivefold more potent in TNBS-treated rats, possibly indicating an increased contribution of muscarinic M2 receptors to carbachol-induced contraction in the inflamed colon. The expression of M2 receptors was also significantly increased in colon segments from TNBS-treated rats, confirming the increased role of muscarinic M2 receptors in the inflamed colon. Conclusions: The data show that while only M3 receptors appeared to mediate carbachol-induced contraction in control segments, expression of both M2 and M3 receptors was increased in the inflamed rat colon.
Subtrochanteric Fracture Treatment: A Retrospective Study of 46 Patients
Authors: Li Fan , Sang Weilin , Wang Qiugen , Huang Jianhua , Lu Haimin
Published: October 2011

Objective: To investigate whether or not reconstruction of the medial cortex in subtrochanteric fracture can reduce the risks of internal fixation failure, fracture malunion, and nonunion. Subjects and Methods: Between 2005 and 2008, 46 patients with subtrochanteric fracture were treated with intramedullary nailing and followed up. The average age was 42 years. According to the Seinsheimer classification, 26 patients were type IIIA, 7 were type IIIB, 11 were type IV and 2 were type V. Medial cortex alignment was achieved under traction in 40 cases. In 5 cases, the medial fractures were too far away and we used minimally invasive open reduction with wire or titanium cable cerclage. In 1 case of type IIIA subtrochanteric fracture, the displaced medial fracture was not reconstructed and was fixed with a long Gamma nail. We reviewed all patients’ radiographs before and after treatment to evaluate bone healing. Results: The 46 patients were followed up for an average of 24.3 months. Bone union was achieved within an average of 18.7 weeks in 45 cases. One case, a type IIIA fracture nonunion with displaced medial fracture, was not reconstructed. Instead, we used a free fibular transplantation on the medial side and fracture union was achieved 6 months after revision surgery. Conclusions: In reconstructing the medial cortex in subtrochanteric fracture treatment, continuity and integrity are important. They can reduce the failure of internal fixation and the incidence of nonunion.
Pulmonary Embolism Presenting with Evolving Electrocardiographic Abnormalities Mimicking Anteroseptal Myocardial Infarction: A Case Report
Authors: Özer Necla , Yorgun Hikmet , Canpolat Uğur , Ateş Ahmet Hakan , Aksöyek Serdar
Published: October 2011

Objectives: To report a case with dynamic ST segment elevation suggestive of anteroseptal acute myocardial infarction (AMI) that proved to be bilateral pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE). Clinical Presentation and Intervention: A 50-year-old woman with syncope was transferred to the emergency department. Findings from the admission electrocardiogram were suggestive of anteroseptal AMI; however, coronary angiography revealed that the patient had normal coronary arteries. On further evaluation, the patient was found to have massive bilateral PTE. Conclusion: This report emphasizes the role of evolving electrocardiographic changes in the diagnosis of PTE, particularly in patients with chest pain and ST segment elevation suggestive of acute coronary syndrome.
Adult-Onset Leukoencephalopathy with Axonal Spheroids and Pigmented Glia Can Present as Frontotemporal Dementia Syndrome
Authors: Wong Janice C. , Chow Tiffany W. , Hazrati Lili-Naz
Published: October 2011

Background/Aims: We review the characteristics of adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia(ALSP) and determine prevalence of behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) features in ALSP. Methods: Clinical and pathological information was abstracted from histopathologically confirmed ALSP cases identified by a systematic literature search. A new case of ALSP presenting as bvFTD was also described. Results: We retrieved 51 ALSP cases. Mean age of onset was 42.2 years. Mean disease duration was 6.2 years, with 24 cases lasting 4 years or fewer. Fourteen cases had 3 or more of the 6 key bvFTD features. White matter hyperintensities on T2-weighted MRI, motor symptoms, seizures and amnesia were common. Conclusion: ALSP can underlie FTD syndrome, as well as rapidly progressive dementia.
Thrombin as a multi-functional enzyme
Authors: Schwameis Michael , Blann Andrew , Mannhalter Christine , Jilma Bernd , Siller-Matula Jolanta
Published: October 2011

Thrombin is the central protease in the coagulation cascade and one of the most extensively studied of all enzymes. In addition to its recognised role in the coagulation cascade and haemostasis, thrombin is known to have multiple pleiotropic effects, which mostly have been shown only in in vitro studies: it plays a role in inflammation and cellular proliferation and displays a mitogen activity on smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells, predominantly by activation of angiogenesis. In vivo, thrombin effects were examined in animal models of intravenous or intraarterial thrombin infusion. An extensive literature search regarding in vivo data showed that i) thrombin administered as a bolus causes microembolism, ii) thrombin infused slowly at steady-state conditions (up to 1.6 U/kg/min) leads to bleeds but not to intravascular clotting, iii) large quantity of thrombin infused at low rates (0.05 U/kg/min) does not have any measurable effect, and iv) thrombin increases vascular permeability leading to tissue damage. Although several decades of research on thrombin functions have provided a framework for understanding the biology of thrombin, animal and human studies with use of newer laboratory techniques are still needed to confirm the pleiotropic thrombin functions shown in in vitro studies.

Focus on in vitro and in vivo effects
Detection of Lipid-Core Plaques by Intracoronary Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Identifies High Risk of Periprocedural Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Goldstein James A. , Maini Brijeshwar , Dixon Simon R. , Brilakis Emmanouil S. , Grines Cindy L. , Rizik David G. , Powers Eric R. , Steinberg Daniel H. , Shunk Kendrick A. , Weisz Giora , Moreno Pedro R. , Kini Annapoorna , Sharma Samin K. , Hendricks Michael J. , Sum Steve T. , Madden Sean P. , Muller James E. , Stone Gregg W. , Kern Morton J.
Published: October 2011

Background—

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is associated with periprocedural myocardial infarction (MI) in 3% to 15% of cases (depending on the definition used). In many cases, these MIs result from distal embolization of lipid-core plaque (LCP) constituents. Prospective identification of LCP with catheter-based near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) may predict an increased risk of periprocedural MI and facilitate development of preventive measures.

Methods and Results—

The present study analyzed the relationship between the presence of a large LCP (detected by NIRS) and periprocedural MI. Patients with stable preprocedural cardiac biomarkers undergoing stenting were identified from the COLOR Registry, an ongoing prospective observational study of patients undergoing NIRS before PCI. The extent of LCP in the treatment zone was calculated as the maximal lipid-core burden index (LCBI) measured by NIRS for each of the 4-mm longitudinal segments in the treatment zone. A periprocedural MI was defined as new cardiac biomarker elevation above 3× upper limit of normal. A total of 62 patients undergoing stenting met eligibility criteria. A large LCP (defined as a maxLCBI
4 mm
≥500) was present in 14 of 62 lesions (22.6%), and periprocedural MI was documented in 9 of 62 (14.5%) of cases. Periprocedural MI occurred in 7 of 14 patients (50%) with a maxLCBI
4 mm
≥500, compared with 2 of 48 patients (4.2%) patients with a lower maxLCBI
4 mm
(
P
=0.0002).

Conclusions—

NIRS provides rapid, automated detection of extensive LCPs that are associated with a high risk of periprocedural MI, presumably due to embolization of plaque contents during coronary intervention.
Impact of Free Universal Medical Coverage on Medical Care and Outcomes in Low-Income Patients Hospitalized for Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Danchin Nicolas , Neumann Anke , Tuppin Philippe , De Peretti Christine , Weill Alain , Ricordeau Philippe , Allemand Hubert
Published: October 2011

Background—

The type of medical coverage in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) may affect their treatment and outcome.

Methods and Results—

We used the reimbursement database from the French National Health Insurance to determine the impact of full medical coverage (Couverture Médicale Universelle Complémentaire, CMUC), a free supplemental insurance for low-income earners <60 years of age, on treatment and outcomes of patients with AMI. The population comprised consecutive patients <60 years of age hospitalized for AMI from January to June 2006 in France. Of 4939 patients with AMI aged <60 years, 587 (12%) were on the CMUC. CMUC patients were younger, with more prior cardiovascular and comorbid conditions. CMUC and non-CMUC patients were admitted to the same types of institutions, including academic hospitals and private clinics. The use of cardiac catheterization and coronary interventions was similar (adjusted relative risk, 0.97; 95% confidence interval, 0.91–1.05;
P
=0.45). In-hospital mortality was also comparable (3.1% versus 2.8%,
P
=0.69). There was no difference in early use of secondary prevention medications after multivariate adjustment. At 30 months, survival and acute coronary syndrome–free survival were lower in CMUC patients (trend, not significant after adjustment). Long-term adherence to statin therapy was lower in CMUC patients (64% versus 77%; adjusted relative risk, 0.82; 95% confidence interval, 0.73–0.92).

Conclusions—

Free full coverage for socially deprived people levels inequalities in the acute and midterm treatment of AMI patients. However, full reimbursement per se is not sufficient to ensure optimal patient adherence to secondary prevention medications and may not be enough to prevent an excess of long-term events.
Military Families
Authors: Wadsworth Shelley MacDermid , Southwell Kenona
Published: October 2011

While the U.S. military might at first glance appear to be a model of rigidity rather than flexibility, there are strong incentives to address the work-family concerns of service members and their families. From a work-family perspective, military service generates substantial structural, energy, psychological, and behavioral tensions with family life. Although the U.S. military had already implemented extensive programs, policies, and practices to support families prior to the current conflicts, the wars and demographic changes have spurred the development of innovative new models, some far outside previous boundaries of military workforce flexibility. Future challenges include continuing to adapt as military conflicts and missions evolve, defining the ideal balance between military support and family self-sufficiency, sustaining excellent leadership throughout the military around work-family issues, and caring for the millions of individuals whose lives have been changed by their own or a loved one’s military service during the past decade.
The Use of Scripture in Contemporary Preaching
Authors: Long Thomas G.
Published: October 2011

It is at the juncture between human imagination and textual interpretation that the volatile environment of contemporary biblical hermeneutics becomes the true friend of the one who must proclaim what is found in the text.
A Changing of the Christian God
Authors: Babcock William S.
Published: October 2011

In the interval between the time of the Reformation and today, large numbers of Christians seem quietly to have shifted their allegiance from one God to another, leaving themselves with the doctrine of the Trinity but no longer retaining the God whom it adumbrates.
Story and History
Authors: Bartlett David L.
Published: October 2011

Without question, preaching can profit immensely from the literary and imaginative construal of biblical texts. To affirm this, however, is not to say that preachers can therefore dispense with doing their historical-critical homework.
Preaching for Public Life
Authors: Theiss Norman
Published: October 2011

In addressing the issue of the public good the problem preachers face is not that their congregants are unconcerned about this but that their concern is undermined by society's persistent preoccupation with individualism.
The Lord's Mercy Endures Forever
Authors: Washington Harold C.
Published: October 2011

What can it mean for Christians to affirm that the mercy of the God of Israel endures forever, even after Auschwitz? Christian respect for Jewish otherness can foster reconciliation in a way that embodies the Lord's blessing of “all the families of the earth.”
A Theology of Community
Authors: Battle Michael
Published: October 2011

Archbishop Desmond Tutu, South Africa's primary public confessor, articulates why forgiveness is better than retributive justice, spiritually and politically.
Galatians in Perspective
Authors: Matera Frank J.
Published: October 2011

A new perspective on Paul has challenged traditional views of Galatians and justification by faith. Has the new perspective made it impossible to preach “the truth of the gospel”? In Paul's words, “Certainly not!”
Is Galatians Just A “Guy Thing”?
Authors: Gaventa Beverly Roberts
Published: October 2011

Is there “good news” for women in Galatians? The letter points to God's new creation, which liberates both women and men from their worlds of achievement and identity. The most important thing to be said about us is that we are “in Christ.”
Untamable Text of an Untamable God
Authors: Carr David
Published: October 2011

The power of scripture cannot be confined to any one model of canonical authority. Readers invariably discover the biblical text as a place of surprising encounter with the untamable God.
Rewriting the Messianic Script
Authors: Weaver Dorothy Jean
Published: October 2011

The presentation of Jesus in Matthew's narrative recasts the identity, character, and vocation of the Messiah. The Gospel thereby challenges all conventional notions of kingship, power, and social status.
Toward a Theology of Childhood
Authors: Devries Dawn
Published: October 2011

Communities of faith have much to learn from children's experience of God and their view of the world. Theology that values the perspectives of children will address quite different questions from the ones that have dominated the Christian tradition.
“How Sweet is the Light”
Authors: Dulin Rachel Z.
Published: October 2011

The joy of youth and the ravages of aging lie at the heart of Qoheleth's instructions. Through poetry, the sage instills in his readers a yearning to live more fully in the present.
A Disciple for Our Time
Authors: Curkpatrick Stephen
Published: October 2011

Qoheleth's work invites a passionate response and a new way of living in paradox.
Scripture and Theology
Authors: Green Joel B.
Published: October 2011

Scripture presents the paradigm by which Christians make sense of the world in relation to God. Embracing the Bible as scripture, we do not accept it as one narrative among others but accord it a privilege above all others and allow ourselves to be shaped by it.
“Learning Christ”
Authors: Saunders Stanley P.
Published: October 2011

The rhetoric of eschatology was formative of early Christian spirituality. Through such discourse the New Testament writers reshaped the community's perception of time and space, and enabled their audiences to “learn Christ.”
The Inner Self, the Word of God, and the Cause that Matters
Authors: Towner W. Sibley
Published: October 2011

The Bible helps us discern our vocation. Biblical spirituality, in turn, helps us discern God's inner promptings.
The Parables of Jesus
Authors: Crossan John Dominic
Published: October 2011

The parables of Jesus are an ethically appropriate genre for his claims about the kingdom of God. But our fascination with gospel parables by Jesus may be extended to gospel parables about Jesus. Especially in parables about Jesus, questions of historical accuracy may lead one to avoid questions about parabolic challenge.
The Hermeneutics of Grace
Authors: Mccann J. Clinton
Published: October 2011

The Bible offers a unified portrayal of a God who is essentially gracious, merciful, and loving. The discernment of the Bible's “single plot”—the hermeneutics of grace—has profound social and ethical implications.
The Voice of the Historian in the Ancient Near Eastern and Mediterranean World
Authors: Machinist Peter
Published: October 2011

Writing history is never a neutral endeavor; it is a personal act in which the historian uses evidence to reconstruct, sometimes to recreate, the past. How, then, did the ancient historians make their presence felt in writing? What do their differences tell us about how they wrote history and understood the world around them?
Assisting the Word by Making (Up) History
Authors: Meeks Wayne A.
Published: October 2011

The project of the first Christian historian stands as a parable of the successes and failures of all subsequent attempts to provide a reliable basis for faith by constructing a history right down to our own postmodern struggles. Though we lack Luke's confidence, we cannot escape the necessity of making up the best history we can in order to “assist the Logos of God.”
Mapping Early Christianity
Authors: Alexander Loveday
Published: October 2011

It is no coincidence that the church in Luke's narrative bore the nickname “The Way.” The Evangelist's “mental map” of the early church's development is more fluid and open than the hierarchical model of later centuries.
The Bible, Mission, and Social Location: Toward a Missional Hermeneutic
Authors: Barram Michael
Published: October 2011

Despite a long-standing rift between missiology and biblical scholarship, current trends in both disciplines—such as a converging emphasis on the significance of social location in biblical interpretation—suggest that the time may be ripe for a “missional hermeneutic” that would privilege the missiological “location” of the Christian community in the world as a key to a critical and faithful approach to Scripture.
Augustine's Hermeneutics and Postmodern Criticism
Authors: Young Frances
Published: October 2011

Did Augustine anticipate postmodern criticism, particularly in his theory of signs? While there are superficial similarities, Augustine's position is fundamentally invested in issues of truth and reference that postmodernism brackets out.
Making Connections
Authors: Johnson Luke Timothy
Published: October 2011

From Luke to James, the writers of the New Testament transformed the Greco-Roman ideal of friendship into a communal ethos. This koinonia was characterized above all by the sharing of material possessions.
The Cosmic Power of Sin in Paul's Letter to the Romans
Authors: Gaventa Beverly Roberts
Published: October 2011

Paul's letter to the Romans depicts Sin as one of the anti-God powers whose final defeat the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ guarantees. The framework of cosmic battle is essential for reading and interpreting this letter in the life of the church.
The Cross and Cycles of Violence
Authors: Reid Barbara E.
Published: October 2011

The passion narratives have often been read in ways that reinforce victimization of abused persons, particularly women, who accept any kind of suffering as their way of “carrying the cross” in the footsteps of Jesus. Yet these narratives can also help to galvanize communities of believers toward transformative change. The Johannine Jesus, who goes to calamity's depths for his friends, is one image that offers liberative possibilities.
Nature, Humanity, and Love in Song of Songs
Authors: Grossberg Daniel
Published: October 2011

This essay is a study of the three-fold theme of nature, humanity, and love in Song of Songs and an investigation into the ways nature imagery is used to evoke human love. The work further examines the nature of the highly erotic yet restrained love that is evoked.
Biblical Images of God and the Reader's “I” as Imago Dei
Authors: Astell Ann W.
Published: October 2011

Amidst Nazi persecution, Edith Stein discovered in the biblical images of God a mystical path of identity formation leading to a transformative union with Christ.
“Am I Able to Say Just Anything?”
Authors: Lapsley Jacqueline
Published: October 2011

With considerable struggle, Balaam learns what it means to engage in faithful exegesis. It means shedding the human tendency to interpret in service to our own interests, and it means exegeting in the context of God's overarching purposes for Israel and for the world.
Interpreting and Preaching the Gospel of John
Authors: Bartlett David
Published: October 2011

The sense that there is one paradigm for exegesis of the Fourth Gospel is gone for good, a phrase with a deliberately Johannine double meaning.
The Essence of Orthodoxy
Authors: Mcbride S. Dean
Published: October 2011

Deuteronomic theologians were confident that they could identify and reject the idolatrous “other gods” of their day because they knew and served the LORD alone, the only true “Living God” who had initiated a covenant with them at Horeb. Can we appreciate their theological criteria without condoning the violent measures they proposed for the defense of orthodox Yahwism?
Idolatry In The New Testament
Authors: Marcus Joel
Published: October 2011

The New Testament inherits its attitude toward idolatry from the Old Testament and early Judaism. In all three, idolatry is the primal sin and is connected with sexual immorality and avarice. Both Jesus, in his response to the question about tribute, and Paul,* in his treatment of food sacrificed to idols, reflect the conflict between revulsion against idolatry and the need to survive in an idolatrous world. Moreover, Paul and the Johannine literature respond to the Jewish charge that Christianity itself is idolatrous. Appropriation of New Testament attitudes toward idolatry for our own pluralistic society is complicated by their variety and their apparent caricature of pagan religion.
Pride and Idolatry
Authors: Reno R. R.
Published: October 2011

Which is the primal sin, pride or idolatry? The Augustinian tradition highlights pride, an emphasis reinforced by theological critiques of modernity. However, the Old Testament and Romans 1 point to idolatry as the fundamental form of sin. Analysis of Augustine's account of human acts, the nature of evil, and the structure of sinful love frames a close reading of one of the most famous episodes in his Confessions, the youthful theft of pears. In this autobiographical reflection, Augustine illuminates the paradox of pride. Self-love is unstable, and it resolves into the pursuit of finite goods that we wrap in the false tinsel of imagined divinity. In this way, Augustine's phenomenology of pride is consistent with the biblical consensus that idolatry is the primal expression of sin.
Locating God in All the Wrong Places
Authors: Duff Nancy J.
Published: October 2011

While the second commandment can be broken by consciously rejecting God and worshiping a false god, it can also be unwittingly breached by locating God in a place and through images of our own choosing. Many faithful Christians today are breaking the second commandment by too closely identifying the purposes of God with the purposes of the nation.
The Letter of Jude
Authors: Brosend William
Published: October 2011

Is the letter of Jude best understood as a faithful defense of traditional Christian values and beliefs against the moral and liturgical excesses of godless opponents, or as a demonization of those who challenged the author's authority?
Taking Liberties with the Text: The Colossians Household Code As Hermeneutical Paradigm
Authors: Henderson Suzanne Watts
Published: October 2011

This study of Col 3:18–4:1 explores the strategy of applying “new life in Christ” to household relationships. Rather than seeing the Colossians Household Code as a timeless template for social structure or as a time-bound, and thus irrelevant, reflection of archaic practice, it examines a dynamic application of Christ's lordship to prevailing cultural convention and the passaged enduring message for the church in any age.
Art and the Liturgy
Authors: Verdon Timothy
Published: October 2011

Art in the service of the liturgy becomes part of a proclamation that is also an encounter—with the sacraments, the signs of salvation, and new life instituted by Christ. Art associated with the liturgy illuminates and announces spiritual transformation.
Jeremiah as Teacher of Torah
Authors: Maier Christl M.
Published: October 2011

Specific passages within the prose sermons of the book of Jeremiah portray the prophet as a teacher of torah who refers to laws of Deuteronomy and discusses their significance for his particular audience. This portrait of Jeremiah leads beyond the deuteronomistic image of the prophets and has been inserted into the book in postexilic times.
Loving One's (Israelite) Neighbor: Election and Commandment in Leviticus 19
Authors: Kaminsky Joel S.
Published: October 2011

This essay illuminates a number of nuances implicit in the commandment to “love your neighbor as yourself” by exploring its connection to Israeli election theology as well as to the larger Priestly theology that forms much of the framework of the Torah.
Under the Gaze of the Empire: Who Is My Neighbor?
Authors: Powery Emerson
Published: October 2011

The New Testament appropriates Leviticus 19:18 in a variety of contexts. “Love your neighbor” is a central injunction for all followers of Jesus. The task is to determine who is the “neighbor.”
Calvin and Praying for “All People Who Dwell on Earth”
Authors: Mckee Elsie
Published: October 2011

John Calvin's teaching that Christians should pray “for all people who dwell on earth” is based on his interpretation of 1 Tim 2:1–2 and related to the Lords Prayer. It is also illustrated clearly in his daily practice of leading public worship.
Preaching in the Half-Light of Lent
Authors: Duke Paul Simpson
Published: October 2011

Lent is a season of difficult and gracious disclosures. To preach in Lent is to give speech to alienation and contradiction, to bear witness to the transforming mysteries of grace, and to recall the church to its memory, fidelity, and hope.
Narrative and Poetic Art in the Book of Ruth
Authors: Linafelt Tod
Published: October 2011

Although the Book of Ruth is in many respects a classic example of biblical Hebrew narrative, with its stripped-down style and the opaqueness of its character's inner lives and motivations, there are two examples of formal poetry in the book (1:16–17 and 1:20–21). Biblical poetry works with a very different set of literary conventions than narrative, and by taking note of those conventions, we can see the distinctive contributions made by these poems to the book as a whole.
The Sound of Silence: Interpreting Mark 16:1–8 through the Centuries
Authors: Joynes Christine E.
Published: October 2011

The women's silence in response to the message of the “young man” at the tomb is a feature found only in Mark. Its omission by Matthew and Luke suggests that they found this element in the narrative problematic. Yet Mark's text has played a significant role in the Easter liturgy of the ancient church and beyond. The reception history of the narrative reveals both harmonization and discord.
The Christianization of Usury in Early Modern Europe
Authors: Valeri Mark
Published: October 2011

In the early seventeenth century, the beginning of Europe's commercial revolution forced reconsiderations of the use of credit in long-distance trade. Unlike their Catholic competitors, Protestant regimes depended on the exchange of paper securities and other credit instruments. Protestant moralists developed rationalizations for usury as a concerted effort to protect the Protestant interest in the context of imperial warfare and colonial settlement. By the end of the seventeenth century, these moralists had made modern, market-oriented conceptions of usury commonplace in the Christian West.
The Message of the Prophet Ezekiel
Authors: Zimmerli Walter
Published: October 2011

“Ezekiel is the Old Testament prophet who proclaims more radically than any other that no righteousness of the people called by God can stand up before God.”
Wisdom Myth and Mythology
Authors: Mack Burton L.
Published: October 2011

The burning question of theodicy, raised by the cruel realities of the exile and its aftermath, drove the wisdom schools to creative theological work. By using the graphic language of wisdom mythology, the affirmation of Yahweh's lordship over the entire order of creation is made in such a way that the exile can now be seen to demand faith rather than resignation.
The Biblical Norm of Righteousness
Authors: Ramsey Paul
Published: October 2011

He who for himself remembers of himself that Jesus Christ actually saved him from the Egypt of sin and death becomes a man on exodus from any natural or human standard, a man whose conscience and life are destined to be formed in accordance with the saving righteousness and faithfulness of God.
Am I My Brother's Keeper?
Authors: Riemann Paul A.
Published: October 2011

Gain not only murdered his brother and lied to God, but he also misled many preachers. And while he murdered and lied in a story, he has misled preachers in fact.
Beyond Criticism in Quest of Literacy: The Parable of the Leaven
Authors: Funk Robert W.
Published: October 2011

The fundamental question for the interpreter who addresses himself to the Jesus-tradition today is this: Is it possible any longer to recover the parable as parable?
New Testament Apocalyptic in Recent Interpretation
Authors: Beardslee William A.
Published: October 2011

It is because God's action has become problematic that apocalyptic is such a burning theological issue …
The Rhetoric of Ancient and Modern Apocalyptic
Authors: Wilder Amos N.
Published: October 2011

Since we are dealing with acts of the imagination and of language which break with the cultural patterns of their particular period, we should think of rhetorics here in terms that are more generic and fate-laden than those associated with humanistic categories.
A Tale of Two Testaments
Authors: Childs Brevard S.
Published: October 2011

Biblical scholars have generally prided themselves on their independence from systematic theology. Yet their greatest achievements have been accomplished in those periods when constructive theology was strong and virile.
Biblical Recital and Process Philosophy
Authors: Ford Lewis S.
Published: October 2011

Process theism involves a persistent effort to conceive of God's activity solely in terms of persuasion.
The Jacob Traditions
Authors: Fretheim Terence E.
Published: October 2011

Every layer of interpretation in the biblical materials must be sought out and recognized by the church as a basis for speaking to the contemporary world.
Uncle Tom's Cabin Revisited
Authors: Smylie James H.
Published: October 2011

In an evocative and provocative way Harriet Beecher Stowe focused the attention of her reader on the "sympathies of Christ/' to show that where these sympathies were manifested among whites and blacks, God was present, manifesting his power, liberating all in bondage.
Dear Theo
Authors: Minear Paul S.
Published: October 2011

When a community has risked its life by confessing its faith, when the cumulative pressures of existence in the world have made faith that dubious, an internal dialogue develops which can be called a dialogue between credulity and skepticism.
“Whom Heaven Must Receive Until The Time”
Authors: Macrae George W.
Published: October 2011

It is the task of theology in every age to discover formulations of belief which are both traditionally and genuinely meaningful. The Book of Acts presents Jesus Christ, absent since his ascension, yet powerfully present in a complex of ways, which may be catalytically provocative for the thinking of faith today.
Pastoral Care and Counseling in Biblical Perspective
Authors: Oglesby William B.
Published: October 2011

Regarding the question of a criterion for assessing the relevance of data from the behavioral sciences,... those forms of therapy which move toward being are more consistent with the biblical point of view than those which move toward knowing or doing.
Abraham's Sacrifice of Faith
Authors: Coats George W.
Published: October 2011

The obedience leitmotif complements the tension centered in the sacrifice and enables the good news of Isaac's salvation to stand as a reaffirmation of the patriarchal promise.
Prophetic Authenticity
Authors: Tucker Gene M.
Published: October 2011

By rasing the form-critical questions our attention will be drawn directly to the text itself, and what it communicates concerning the prophetic role, the broad question of authority and validity in religious language, and the specific issue of the authentication of prophetic words ... these are issues which refuse to be confined to the eighth century B.C. in Israel.
The Role of the Lament in the Theology of the Old Testament
Authors: Westermann Claus
Published: October 2011

The Old Testament cannot pin God down to a single soteriologe ; it can only speak of God's saving acts within a whole series of events, and that necessarily involves some kind of verbal exchange between God and man. This latter includes both the cry of man in distress and the response of praise which the saved make to God.
Psalm 22 at the Cross
Authors: Reumann John H.
Published: October 2011

Use of Psalm 22 through the pre-Christian centuries and critical analysis of our Gospels working back from them to Jesus meet in a picture of the cross as lament in suffering and thanksgiving for what God then did. To that extent, the intent of the psalm came to supreme expression in Jesus.
A Prophet's Lament and Its Answer: Jeremiah 15:10–21
Authors: Bright John
Published: October 2011

God does not make his call to his servants conditional upon their purging themselves of weakness.... It is precisely in their weakness and frailty—even in their rebellion—that God calls his servants. So it was with Jeremiah; so it is through all the pages of Scripture; and so it is today.
A Structuralist Approach to Paul's Old Testament Hermeneutic
Authors: Via Dan O.
Published: October 2011

Paul's new message makes contact with a context provided by an item in his hearer's historical tradition—Deuteronomy—and also by the/a comic genre, which is a structure of the human mind.
Interpreting the Gospel of Matthew
Authors: Charles E. Carlston
Published: October 2011

Matthew should be read as a traditor, one who passes along his tradition ; as a theologian, one who thinks about what he is doing; and as a churchman, one who knows that a larger circle than his immediate friends will be influenced by his acts.
The Church in Matthew
Authors: Martin James P.
Published: October 2011

On the whole, the church of Matthew is characterized more by the portrait of the disciple community provided in the Sermon on the Mount than by charismatic activity itself. Nevertheless, the center for Matthew is neither charismatic action nor ethical concern, but Jesus Christ.
An Exposition of Matthew 4:1–11
Authors: Balmer H. Kelly
Published: October 2011

The temptation story in Matthew is a kind of warning. . . . If we take this warning seriously, then, we may be able to discern the features of a radically unique Messiah who acts and speaks in contradiction to the normal and the usual, who, therefore, denies in his work the best of human expectations as well as the worst of human characteristics.
“Son of Man, Can These Bones Live?”
Authors: Freedman David Noel
Published: October 2011

The Bible as a literary entity is a product of the exile.. .. The record of the revolutions of the human spirit that took place during those years.
The Unity, Truth and Validity of the Bible
Authors: Mildenberger Friedrich
Published: October 2011

The Canonical writings are not simply a source for the reconstruction of an historical event to which faith could then be directly related. They are an account of the Christ event and a believing witness to it.
The Inheritance and the Problem of Adjacency
Authors: Napier Davie
Published: October 2011

“… this message: ‘Thus says Yahweh: Having murdered do you even now take possession? …”
Some Musings on a Nation “Under God”
Authors: Taylor Gardner
Published: October 2011

“No one who puts his hand to the plow and looks back is fit for the kingdom of God.”
Space and Time in American Religious Experience
Authors: Sittler Joseph
Published: October 2011

“For a thousand years in Thy sight are but as yesterday when it is past, and as a watch in the night.”
The Authority of Scripture for Theology
Authors: Ogden Schubert M.
Published: October 2011

The canon within the canon to which all theological assertions must be appropriate is the meaning to be discerned in the earliest layer of Christian witness, and that means the Jesus-kerygma of the apostolic community.
A Beggar's Faith
Authors: Forstman H. Jackson
Published: October 2011

“Let no one think that he has sufficiently understood the Scriptures who has not looked after a church with the prophets for a hundred years …. We are beggars. That's for sure.”—Martin Luther
Aids and Resources for the Interpretation of Lectionary Texts
Authors: Aghtemeier Elizabeth
Published: October 2011

The scope of the lectionaries currently in use require the preacher to master a vast range of biblical material. A wide variety of resources are available to help them in this work.
God's Mercy "Tested, Promised, Done
Authors: Harrisville Roy A.
Published: October 2011

When the texts selected for the tenth Sunday after Pentecost are examined in the context of each other, one idea emerges which might sustain them all : God, not the Promethean Abraham, nor the persistent faithful petitioner, nor the believer “rooted and built up,” is the authentic subject of all three.
The Formfulness of Grief
Authors: Brueggemann Walter
Published: October 2011

The prayers of lament in The Psalter give a form to the worst experiences of life which follows the movement innate to human suffering and yet places it in the presence of the one who alone can address decisive word to those who suffer.
The Presentation of Jesus in the Fourth Gospel
Authors: Smith D. Moody
Published: October 2011

It is the genius of the Fourth Evangelist to have created a gospel in which Jesus as the representative of the world above visits and really lives in this world without depriving it of its verisimilitude and without depriving life here of its seriousness.
Prophetic Speech
Authors: Tucker Gene M.
Published: October 2011

A new assessment of the way prophets spoke shows that their basic vocation was to be as speakers who brought a communication from God announcing future events.
The Canonical Shape of the Prophetic Literature
Authors: Childs Brevard S.
Published: October 2011

A major literary and theological force was at work in shaping the present form of the Hebrew Bible by which prophetic oracles directed to one generation were fashioned in Sacred Scripture by a canonical process to be used by another generation.
Old Testament Translations and Interpretation
Authors: Crim Keith R.
Published: October 2011

By comparing modern translations of an Old Testament text, an interpreter can identify points at which the Hebrew text is difficult to render into English and will also discover clues to the way the text should be understood.
Liberation and Imagination
Authors: Herzog Frederick
Published: October 2011

The theological task in North America is not the correlation of faith and world or the appropriation of creedal concepts, but the effort to show how the gospel story itself functions as the model of theology. Opening this dimension for the imagination of faith is our primary challenge.
Implications of Anthropology for Pastoral Care and Counseling
Authors: Oglesby William B.
Published: October 2011

When pastoral counselors take seriously the implications of anthropology in Christian perspective, their work with people will be greatly enhanced.
Jacques Ellul's Innocent Notes on Hermeneutics
Authors: Ray Ronald R.
Published: October 2011

The work of Jacques Ellul as interpreter of the Bible is a warning to the guild of professional exegetes that the historical-critical method can become a technique for mastering the text without being mastered by the subject of the text.
The Gospel and the Gospels
Authors: Talbert Charles H.
Published: October 2011

The canonical gospels are attempts to compose an inclusive and balanced presentation of the presence of God in Jesus and of the discipleship that presence evokes.
Major Impulses in the Theological Interpretation of Romans Since Barth
Authors: Jewett Robert
Published: October 2011

To move beyond the present frontier in the interpretation of Romans requires more than a judicious sifting of the conclusions reached in the past. It demands an imaginative recasting of Paul's line of thought in relation to the countervailing voices of his time.
Why Preach from Biblical Texts
Authors: Caemmerer Richard R.
Published: October 2011

The reasons for relating sermons to biblical texts lies in the tradition of the church and in the purpose of preaching.
Sola Scriptura: Luther on Biblical Authority
Authors: Lotz David W.
Published: October 2011

By urging Scripture alone Luther was in fact urging Christ alone.
Parable, Fable, and Anecdote
Authors: Coats George W.
Published: October 2011

Interpreting the stories told within the “succession narrative” depends on a correct recognition of their genre.
Romans as an Ambassadorial Letter
Authors: Jewett Robert
Published: October 2011

The content of Paul's letter to Rome, setting forth the equality of Jews and Gentiles under sin and grace and stressing the inclusive reach of faith, can be grasped in its entirety as an expression of missionary diplomacy.
Revelation through History in Recent Biblical Theology
Authors: Lemke Werner E.
Published: October 2011

The concept of revelation through history is not simply a passing theological fad or aberration, but belongs to the core of biblical religion.
The Unity of the Book of Isaiah
Authors: Clements R. E.
Published: October 2011

The connection between the prophecies of Isaiah and the subsequent destruction of Jerusalem provides the essential clue to understanding the unity of this prophetic book.
Isaiah in Old Testament Theology
Authors: Roberts J. J. M.
Published: October 2011

Isaiah's recurring emphasis on God's plan gave impetus to the conception of an overarching divine plan for history, a conception the New Testament found useful for interpreting the meaning of Jesus Christ.
Isaiah in Luke
Authors: Sanders James A.
Published: October 2011

Luke, steeped in the Old Testament, makes clear that to understand what God was doing in Christ, one has to know Scripture; and especially the Book of Isaiah.