bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improved Online Prediction of Silicon Content in Ironmaking Process Using Support Vector Regression with Novel Outlier Detection
Authors: Liu Yi , Yu Hai Qing , Gao Zeng Liang , Li Ping
Published: November 2010

Various data-based soft sensor models have been established for online prediction of the silicon content in a pig iron. Actually, modeling data often contain many outliers and this can deteriorate the quality of models. However, little attention is paid to efficient outlier detection. Besides, most of traditional outlier detection methods are assumed that data are distributed (approximately) normally and thus they might be invalid for some situations. A new multivariate preprocessing method for outlier detection without any assumption of data distribution is proposed. This novel outlier detection method mainly utilizes a support vector clustering (SVC) strategy. After SVC-based preprocessing, a support vector regression soft sensor model is built. A comparative study for an industrial blast furnace is investigated and the results show its superiority.
Study of Influence of Stray Current on Potential Distribution of Pipeline by Numerical Simulation
Authors: Zhao Xiao Dong , Yang Jie , Xing Shao Hua
Published: November 2010

In this paper, numerical simulation technique was used to simulate the potential distribution when the X70 steel was influenced by stray current of different strength. The simulation results suggested that without cathodic protection, X70 steel was obviously anodic polarized in the current-out zone, with the potentials of -636mV, -559mV and -500mV respectively when the stray current was 15mA, 50mA and 100mA. The anodic polarization degree increased with the increasing of stray current density. The potential of the current-out zone was about -1000mV, -870mV and -780mV respectively when cathodic protection was adopted, and X70 steel was fully protected as the stray current corrosion controlled. The accuracy of simulation was proved by comparison simulation results with practical measurement results, which showed that the numerical simulation technique was an efficient, quick and convenient means for stray current corrosion study.
Particle Focusing through Lab-on-Chip Device by Negative Dielectrophoresis
Authors: Liu De Li , Chen Li Guo , Shao Chao , Sun Li Ning
Published: November 2010

In this paper a Lab-On-Chip device using negative dielectrophoresis has been proposed for the focusing of particles at the center of the micro-channel. A 3D computational model was presented to simulate the focusing process. In particular, the model will solve for bioparticle movement and Joule heating. In the experimental study, the mixture of viable and nonviable yeast cells was used to demonstrate the focusing effect of the designed microfluidic device. The fabricated chip performs a desired focusing result for the conditions with the electric fields frequency of 1MHz, the medium conductivity of and the applied voltage , which validities the proposed 3D computational model. This Lab-On-Chip device provides a simple and effective mean of particle focusing.
Chromate-Free Passive Films Made by Manganate and Waterborne Polyurethane on Galvanized Steel Sheets
Authors: Kong Xiang Hua , Yang Hui , Liu Ya Xuan , Lu Wan Heng , Guo Jing , Liu Shan Shan
Published: November 2010

In order to develop an environmental friendly passive films on galvanized steel sheet, a chromium-free passive solution based on waterborne polyurethane (WPU) and Manganate was studied. The results show that the optimized compositions in passive solution are KMnO4 6g/L, (NH2)2CS 5g/L and WPU 150g/L. The passive films were prepared by dipping steel substrates into the passive solution for 10 seconds and drying at 120 °C for 30 seconds. SEM observation shows that the film’s thickness is about 1.5 µm. XRD patterns indicates that the chromate-free passive films mainly consisted of MnO2 and K2MnO4. Anticorrosion tests indicate that the chromate-free passive films can provide an excellent barrier to corrosive agents.
Effect of Initial Gap on Tensile Strength of Resistance Spot Welded Joints
Authors: Yang Hai Jun , Zhang Yan Song , Shen Jie , Lai Xin Min
Published: November 2010

It has been proved that the initial gap has obvious influence on nugget formation, but little works focused on the effect of initial gap on the tensile strength of resistance spot welded (RSW) joints. In this paper, a 3D FE model was built for solving this question. The results show that, even though there are some fluctuations of weld diameter and tensile strength of RSW joints with initial gap, the tensile strength and weld diameter of welded joints with initial gap are still larger than that of welded joints without gap, which confirm that the influence of initial gap on tensile shear strength is little significant. The computation results agree well with experiment.
Synthesis and Characterization of a Self-Lubricating Film on Bearing Balls
Authors: Gu Le , Cao Guo Jian , Wang Li Qin , Ma Xin Xin
Published: November 2010

In this work, the feasibility of using planetary ball milling for coating bearing balls with a self-lubricating film was investigated. Bearing balls with appropriate amount of MoS2 powder were put into vacuumed stainless steel vials and ball milled. With proceeding of ball milling, thickness of the self-lubricating film increased at first and then decreased. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectrum (XPS) results revealed that the surface of the self-lubricating film was MoS2 and the inner region was a mixture of iron molybdenum alloys (Fe3Mo, FexMoy), MoS2 and FeS. Friction coefficient between the self-lubricating film and bear steel was 0.06~0.1.
Low-Temperature Property of New Type Lead-Free Solder Sn-X-Cu-Ni
Authors: Yang Lei , Jie Xiao Hua , Guo Li
Published: November 2010

Used periodic table of elementsⅤA first group elements X, Ni instead of Sn-Ag-Cu series Ag to prepare a new type of lead-free solder SnX4.5Cu1.5Ni.Studied this solder and the welded joint microstructure under the low temperature environment performance compared with SnAg3.0Cu0.5 and Sn63Pb37. The results show that: the electrical conductivity of SnX4.5Cu1.5Ni under low and normal temperature was greater than that of Sn63Pb37.The tensile and shear strength of them decreased when the temperate decreased, however the strength then improved when the temperature dropped to -20 . In addition, SnX4.5Cu1.5Ni was ductile fracture, Sn63Pb37 was brittle fracture and SnAg3.0Cu0.5 was mixed fracture at low temperature.
Study of Nickel-Based Composite Coatings on H13 Steel Surface by Laser
Authors: Zhao Lei , Sun Rong Lu , Lei Yi Wen
Published: November 2010

NiCrBSi+Ti+C and NiCrBSi+TiC composite coatings were fabricated on H13 steel substrate by laser claddings to improve its wear resistance. The macroscopic qualities of the coatings were analyzed and the process parameters and the clad materials were optimized. The microstructure of the coatings was characterized by SEM. The microhardness of the coatings was examined using HXD-1000 microhardness tester. The wear properties were examined using M-200 wear test machine. The results show that the clad materials and the process parameters are the important factors to influence the quality of laser cladding. Ni+Ti+C organization is smaller, particle strengthening and grain refinement is more significant. The hardness of the clad coating of NiCrBSi+Ti+C coatings reaches HV900, which is improved by almost three times compared with the substrate H13 steel.
Time-Domain Characteristics Analysis of Penetration Arc Sound Signal in MIG Welding
Authors: Liu Li Jun , Wang Qi , Hu Lan
Published: November 2010

Many important time-domain characteristic parameters are extracted through the short-time analysis of arc sound signal in MIG butt welding with spray transfer, which can be used for the diagnosis on the weld penetration status. And the short-time autocorrelation function and short-time average amplitude difference function are adopted to pitch estimation. The analysis results show that the penetration status can be accurately recognized via the short-time energy, average magnitude, average zero-crossing and zero-to-energy and so on. Meanwhile, the pitch estimation of arc sound signal in experiments is at 220 points, that is 5 ms or 200 Hz in cycle. The methods and results provide a foundation for the diagnosis on penetration based on analysis of arc sound signal and have great theoretical meaning and practical value.
The Investigation of Composition and Corrosion Resistance of PIII Nitrided M50 Steel
Authors: Li Zhong Wen , Tang Guang Ze , Ma Xin Xin , Sun Ming Ren , Wang Li Qin
Published: November 2010

The evolution of composition and corrosion resistance of PIII nitrided M50 steel with various process parameters was investigated. Besides nitrogen, the oxygen also was detected in modified layer, which came from the H2O and CO2 desorbed from chamber walls at high temperature. The results show that the content and diffusion distance of oxygen and nitrogen increase with temperature firstly; while the temperature exceeds 350 , the content and diffusion distance of oxygen and nitrogen reduce dramatically, because of the external diffusion of oxygen and nitrogen in form of NOx gas. The implantation current density is beneficial to increase the content and diffusion distance of oxygen and nitrogen. The corrosion tests show that the sample with higher oxygen and nitrogen content has better corrosion resistance.
Stiffness Matrices of Woven Fabric Composites with Resin Cure
Authors: Yang Mei , Zhang Wei Xing , Zeng Qing Shen
Published: November 2010

Analytical models are presented for investigation of cure dependent stiffness of woven fiber composites. A linear-like correlation is adopted between the material properties and resin degree of cure. Fiber undulation model takes into account the fiber continuity and undulation and has been adopted for plain weave fiber mats geometry modeling. The analysis is performed on a unit cell, which is a representative of the entire fiber mat lamina. The classical laminate theory (CLT) is applied to determine stiffness constants in the infinitesimal region of the composites unit cell. The theoretical models can prediction the changes of stiffness matrices with the degree of cure. A case studies show that the elements of the stiffness matrices showed exponential increase with the resin degree of cure.
Properties of Two Lead-Free Solder Alloys and Comparison with Sn37Pb
Authors: Xu Tian Han , Zhao Mai Qun , Wang Dang Hui
Published: November 2010

The microstructures and properties of Sn3Ag2.8Cu and Sn3Ag2.8Cu-0.1Ce solder alloys were investigated by means of OM, SEM and EDX and compared to that of Sn37Pb. The results show that the wettability of Sn3Ag2.8Cu-0.1Ce is more favorable, Sn3Ag2.8Cu exhibits poorer wetting behaviour compared to that of Sn37Pb solder; the conductivities of Sn3Ag2.8Cu-0.1Ce and Sn3Ag2.8Cu soldesr are almost 20 percent and 8 percent higher than that of Sn37Pb respectively; the fractography of tensile specimen of Sn3Ag2.8Cu is smooth and light, and is a quasi-cleavage fracture mechanism, whereas that of Sn3Ag2.8Cu-0.1Ce is dark and rough, and has a fibrous pattern, and is a ductile fracture mechanism; the fractography of Sn3Ag2.8Cu-0.1Ce includes more compact and more uniform dimples than that of Sn3Ag2.8Cu, this is cause of the trace amounts of Ce refining the microstructure; brazing with the Cu substrate, the diffusion layer of Sn3Ag2.8Cu solder with Cu substrate includes more irregular IMC compared to Sn3Ag2.8Cu-0.1Ce and Sn37Pb..
Optimization of Parameters of Diamond-Coated Dies for Cu Wire Drawing by FEM Simulations
Authors: Lin Zi Chao , Sun Fang Hong , Zhang Zhi Ming , Shen He Sheng , Guo Song Shou
Published: November 2010

Diamond-coated drawing dies are considered as ideal drawing dies for their unique characteristics, such as high hardness, wear resistance and low friction. In order to optimize the parameters of diamond coated drawing dies, this study conducts a finite element method (FEM) simulation to calculate the von Mises stresses distribution on the interior-hole surfaces of diamond coated drawing die during the copper wire drawing process, and then refines the diamond coated drawing dies based on the simulation results. Furthermore, the drawing performance of the optimized diamond coated drawing die is examined in a real production of drawing copper wires, and the results show that its working lifetime increase by a factor of 12 comparing with the conventional tungsten carbide drawing die.
The Forging Penetration Efficiency of C45 Steel Stepped Shaft Radial Forging with GFM Forging Machine
Authors: Liu Xiang Ru , Zhou Xu Dong
Published: November 2010

The numerical thermal mechanical simulation of radial forging process of C45 steel stepped shaft with GFM forging machine was carried out by three dimensional finite element method DEFORM 3D. According to effective plastic strain, mean stress and mean plastic strain distribution of the radial forging process, the forging penetration efficiency (FPE) was studied throughout. The results show that: effective plastic strain in the center of the forging is never be zero; The mean stress in the center of the workpiece is proposed to describe hydrostatic pressure in this paper. There is compressive strain layer beneath the surface of the workpiece, while there is tensile strain layer in the center of the forging. These studied results could be a valuable reference for designing the similar forging operations.
Research Current Situation and Trends of Black Passivation Process for Galvanized Coating
Authors: Shi Shao Dui , Fan Yun Ying , Jiang Ye Hua , Li Zu Lai
Published: November 2010

This paper mainly introduces present research on the black passivation process of galvanized coating and its application. Additinally, a feasibility study on black chromium-free passivation technology for Zinc plating coating has also been discussed.
Effect of H-BN Content on Microstructures of the Laser Cladding Self- Lubricant Coatings
Authors: Niu Wei , Sun Rong Lu , Lei Yi Wen
Published: November 2010

Self-lubricating Ni+h-BN coatings were prepared by CO2 laser cladding with powder mixtures of Ni60 and h-BN. The chemical compositions and microstructures of the coatings were analyzed using SEM and XRD. The microhardness of the coatings was measured on a microhardness tester. It was found that the morphology of CrB was changed from irregular block-like shape (in Ni60+5%h-BN coating) →short–plate structure (in Ni60+10%h-BN coating)→dendritic-plate structure(in Ni60+15%h-BN coating) with increasing the content of h-BN. The microhardness of the 5,10 and 15% h-BN coatings ranged from 650～800HV0.2, 800～1010HV0.2 and 1000～1200HV0.2, which was higher than that of Ni60 coating and substrate.
Microstructure and Wear Properties of Self-Lubricating H-BN/Ni Coating by Laser Cladding
Authors: Niu Wei , Sun Rong Lu , Lei Yi Wen
Published: November 2010

Self-lubricating h-BN/Ni coating was prepared on a medium carbon steel substrate by CO2 laser cladding using a powder mixture of NiCrBSi+5%h-BN(wt.%). Microstructures and phase structure of the coating were analyzed using SEM, EDS and XRD. Wear tests were carried out using a M100 pin-on-ring wear tester. The results show that h-BN/Ni coating has much superior war resistance and noticeably lower fiction coefficient under dry sliding wear test conditions.
Modeling, Analysis, and Simulation of Soldering Process for FPC Connector
Authors: Chiang Yih Cherng
Published: November 2010

The present analysis combines the injection molding software Moldflow and the structural analysis software ABAQUS to study the thermal warping behavior induced by soldering process for FPC connecter. Due to the residual stress, the anisotropic material property and complexity of part geometry existed in the injected plastic housing of connector, thermal warping is induced by the circle thermal process as the FPC connector are soldered on mother board. In the present paper, the warping caused by injection molding process is modeled and simulated by Moldflow. Then, the residual stress, the anisotropic material property caused by different fiber orientation calculated by Moldflow are imported into ABAQUS as initial conditions through the Moldflow-ABAQUS interface module to evaluate the thermal warping caused by soldering process for FPC connecter. The crucial soldering process parameters have been identified and the Moldflow-ABAQUS simulation results are compared with the experimental results.
Numerical Simulation Techniques for Hollow Vacuum Forming of Double-Layered Plastic Sheets
Authors: Gao Bin , Wu Bai Zhong
Published: November 2010

Products made from double-layered hollow vacuum forming are widely used for their various advantages. The hollow vacuum forming process has been studied in this paper. Numerical simulation method for the hollow vacuum forming process of double-layered plastic sheets has been introduced by the simulation software Polyflow, which is suitable for viscoelasticity fluid bodies. This method can vividly and intuitively estimate the thickness, temperature variation and distribution in the double-layered vacuum forming processes. Based on this method, reliably theoretical calculation data can be provided to design the reasonable vacuum forming process for double-layered vacuum forming of new materials or new products. The proposed method has been verified to be applicable and effective by prototype fabrications.
The Nano-Effect of Nanometer Lubricating Material in Equipment Maintenance
Authors: Wang Xiao Li , Xu Bin Shi , Xu Yi , Liu Qian , Shi Pei Jing
Published: November 2010

The nano-effects of nano-Cu lubricating material in equipment maintenance were researched from reducing friction effect, antiwear effect and repairing effect by comparing tribology properties of nano-Cu lubricating material with micro-Cu material. The nano-effect mechanism was discussed. The results indicated that the reducing friction effect and the antiwear effect can make the friction coefficient and the worn track width of lubricant reduce to 16% and 40% respectively. The repairing effect can make the nano-Cu lubricating material forms repairing film on wore surface. That of all is decided by the characteristics of nano-Cu lubricating material.
Study on the Hydrodynamic Lubrication Behavior in Cold Rolling Process
Authors: Liu Le Min , Zang Yong , Chen Yuan Yuan
Published: November 2010

Partial lubrication in cold rolling process has been investigated. The average flow Reynolds equation for rolling lubrication is set. This equation considers the pressure-viscosity effect and the average flow effect. Lubricating factors such as inlet velocity, surface waviness, lubricant viscosity are studied in analyses. The results for lubrication equation show that inlet velocity and lubricant viscosity have some influence on the value of rolling friction. And the results also show that surface waviness has great influence on both rolling pressure and rolling friction.
Intelligent Prediction of Process Parameters for Cold Bending
Authors: Ren Sheng Le , Lai Yi Nan , Wu Guang Fei , Gu Jun Tao , Li Zeng Lou
Published: November 2010

The choice of the process parameters in the conventional tube bending forming is often based on experience. The method of constantly testing to adjust has seriously affected the production efficiency and increased production costs. In this paper, an intelligent prediction model of the tube bending forming process parameters for utility boiler was set up based on neural network, which has been used to predict the main process parameters including the bending moment and boost power. In the intelligent prediction model, the analytical calculations, numerical simulation and experimental data are selected as the source of training samples. The test results show that the average relative error between the simulation output and target output of bending moment and boost power is less than 2%, and the predicted process parameters, i.e. bending moment and boost power, can be directly used for actual production.
Machining Characteristics of EDM for Non-Conductive Ceramics Using Adherent Copper Foils
Authors: Lin Yao Jang , Lin Yan Cherng , Wang A Cheng , Wang Der An , Chow Han Ming
Published: November 2010

This study investigates the feasibility of EDM for processing ZrO2 and Al2O3 of non-conductive ceramics, which were covered by an assisted conductive material, an adherent copper foil, on the workpiece surface. The conductive material adhered on the surface of the non-conductive ceramics would induce a series of electrical discharges between the tool electrode and the workpiece in the initial stage of the EDM process. Thus, the pyrolytic carbon that cracked from kerosene was formed and deposited on the machined surface to maintain the progress of EDM. In this work, the essential EDM machining parameters were varied to determine the effects on material removal rate (MRR), electrode wear rate (EWR), and surface roughness. The stability of EDM progress and the surface integrities of ZrO2 and Al2O3 machined by EDM were also investigated. The aim of this study is to explore the feasibility and development of an applicable process for processing non-conductive ceramics through EDM. Moreover, the exploitation of this work can be applied to industrial applications and used to develop machining techniques for non-conductive ceramics.
Effects of Oxygen Adsorption on Work Functions of Mo(110) Surface and Substrate
Authors: Huang Xu , Weng Zhen Zhen , Xu Gui Gui , Chen Zhi Gao , Huang Zhi Gao
Published: November 2010

Effects of oxygen atom adsorption on work functions of Mo(110) surface and substrate are investigated using first-principles methods based on density functional theory. The calculated results reveal that there exist a most probable site (named f1 site) in the surface oxygen adsorption on Mo(110) surface. Moreover, it is found that work functions of oxygen-adsorbed Mo(110) increase with increasing oxygen coverage, while the adsorption energies of oxygen decrease with increasing oxygen coverage. For a given oxygen coverage such as 0.333ML with surface f1 site, the work functions are insensitive to the distribution of oxygen atoms. In the meantime, the relationship among charge density, surface dipole density and the work function are discussed.
Possibility of Pulsed Electrochemical Processes to Nanofabrication Using Scanning Probe Oxidation
Authors: Lee Jeong Min , Kim Nam Hun , Park Jeong Woo
Published: November 2010

This study demonstrates nano-scale lithography process on localized (100) silicon (p-type) surface using modified AFM apparatuses and controlling methods. AFM-based experimental apparatuses are connected the customized pulse generator that supplies electricity between conductive tip and silicon surface maintaining constant humidity during processes. Then pulse durations are controlled according to various experimental conditions. The pulsed electrochemical reaction within the gap between conductive tip and silicon surface induces the formation of oxide with nano-scale topographies. Various heights and widths of oxides can be created by AFM surface modification according to various pulse durations and applied electrical conditions under humidity environment. In addition, it can be known that oxides are completely removed after sample surface is etched in diluted HF solution, which shows micro/nano-scale grooves can be fabricated after predefined chemical treatment. They are wider than oxides widths and have several nanometer depths. Nano patterning technique from this experiment suggests that pulse electrochemical machining process has bright potential for advancing nano machining technologies.
Numerical Study on Forming Process by Continuous Resistance Heating
Authors: Men Zheng Xing , Zhou Jie , Wang Meng Han , Shao Chang Wei
Published: November 2010

In the present study, an axis-symmetric electro-thermo-mechanical model has been developed to analyze a deformation process by continuous resistance heating. To obtain the transient temperature field prior to forming, a novel temperature-dependent model of the contact resistance was developed in the thermal-electrical analysis. The influences of the contact resistance, the current intensity and the die geometry on the temperature distribution were investigated. In the subsequent electro-thermo-mechanical analysis of the forming process by continuous resistance heating, the variations of the billet temperature distribution, forming force were obtained. The simulation results correspond well with experimental measured values. Furthermore, the influence of a current increasing during forming on the billet temperature and forming force was predicted in order to optimize the forming technology by continuous resistance heating.
Effect of RE on Microstructure and Interfacial Reactions of SnAgCu Solder
Authors: Wang Yao Li , Zhang Ke Ke , Zhao Guo Ji , Han Li Juan
Published: November 2010

Effect of rare earth content on microstructure and interfacial reactions of low Ag content SnAgCu solder is researched by adopting the X-ray diffraction, JSM-5610LV scanning electronic microscope, energy spectrum analysis and JEM2100 ultrahigh resolution electron microscopy. The results show that proper quantities of rare earth (0.1%) can refine the eutectic microstructure of the solder alloy; and petal-like rare earth compound can be found in the solder alloy while the rare earth addition is 0.5%. The growing rate of the interfacial intermetallic compound can be reduced during the soldering with adding 0.1% rare earth in the Sn2.5Ag0.7Cu solder alloy.
Growth Mechanism and Corrosion Behavior of Ceramic Coatings on CP-Ti Produced by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation
Authors: Guo Ping Yi , Shao Yong , Ji Yuan Xin , Zhu Wen Tai , Yan Han
Published: November 2010

Ceramic coatings were prepared in situ on commercial pure Ti(CP-Ti) by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation(PEO) technology in an environmental-friendly solution. The voltage–time responses were recorded during different PEO processes. For short treatment times, the formation processes of ceramic coatings follow a linear kinetics, while for longer times the kinetics departs from the linear behavior. The surficial morphology and composition of the coatings was studies by X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The acted electrochemical method was used to evaluate the corrosion of the coated samples in 1moll-1 NaOH solution. The potentiodynamic polarization curves of coated titanium samples and the untreated metal substrate show that the PEO coated titanium samples possess much higher corrosion potential and lower corrosion current than uncoated aluminum alloy. It is noticed that the passive current density of the samples decreased from 10-4A/cm2, for the titanium, to 10-7 A/cm2, for PEO coated titanium sample.
Numerical Simulation on Performance Characteristic of Novel Fomichev Plug Used in Cone-Roll Piercer
Authors: Li Sheng Zhi , Hu Lan Wei , Meng Wen Hua , Ding Bo , Zheng Jian Min , Zheng Jian Cong
Published: November 2010

The Fomichev plug is of characteristic producing equal unit-reduction of wall thickness along its perforation section during seamless tube piercing. This paper introduces the design of a novel Fomichev plug based upon the analysis of roll opening, taking into account for both feed angle and toe angle of a cone type piercer, then presents a 3-D coupled thermo-mechanical simulation of the novel Fomichev Plug’s performance characteristic during cone-roll piercing process, with the aid of FE code MSC.SuperForm. In comparison with conventional plugs, as FEM simulation result shows that the new plug makes the metal deformation distribute uniformly along its perforation section, which brings about well-distributed plug wear. The novel Fomichev plug is able to decrease the slip between the roll and workpiece and avoid rolling block owing to its smaller plug force, which can increase piercing efficiency so, moreover, analyzing stress distribution, it’s more suitable for metal deformation with fewer defects in tube piercing, makes resistance to metal elongation smaller, reduces wedge cleaving to tube billet, and prevents lamination defects during piercing high-alloy billet.
Laser Fabricated In Situ (Ti,W)C Multi-Ceramics Reinforced Intermetallic Matrix Composite
Authors: Sun Yao Ning , Sun Wen Lei , Zhang Xu Dong , Yu Qing , Li Xin Mei
Published: November 2010

Using laser cladding technique, Ni3(Si Ti) matrix composite coatings reinforced by in-situ synthesis (Ti,W)C multi-ceramics were fabricatcd by preplacing Ni78Si13Ti9( at%)powders containing different WC contents on the nickel-matrix superalloy substrate. The phases of coatings were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). Phases of the coatings mainly composed of Ni3(Si Ti), (Ti,W)C multi-ceramics A chemical reaction between WC particle and Ti powder occurs during the laser process, therefore (Ti,W)C was formed.
CNC Cutting Performance in Processing Using Cool-Air Cutting Technology
Authors: He Jing , Ren Guang Sheng
Published: November 2010

The technology of low temperature cool-air & minority of oil conditions (cool-air cutting technology) is employed to cut three materials— Steel 45, the alloy of titanium and 2WCrNi, then the results are contrasted with the normal cutting method. Firstly, Steel 45 and the alloy of titanium are tested with cool-air cutting and dry cutting method. Then 2WCrNi is tested by employing both cool-air cutting and oil solution cutting method. Finally, the effect of cool-air cutting technology on the life of cemented carbide tools is discussed after contrast test, and the impact of those methods on environment is also evaluated.
Cerium and Silane Conversion Coatings on AZ91 Magnesium Alloy
Authors: Lu Yan Ling , Du Shi Guo , Guo Yi , Chen Yan Kun , Hong Qing
Published: November 2010

With different means of soaking treatment, simple cerium conversion coating, KH560 silane conversion coating, cerium silane conversion coating and silane cerium conversion coating are formulated. SEM, EDS, Tafel and EIS measurements were adopted as the analysis approaches, and organic resin is coated on the conversion coating surface for the salt spray test, so as to check mainly how much the corrosion resistant capabilities could be improved if conversion coating is applied to the magnesium alloy. The result shows that the cerium silane conversion coating and silane cerium conversion coating have a higher self-corrosion potential, lower corrosion current density, improve the binding force between the organic coating and magnesium alloy matrix more effectively, thus enhance dramatically the corrosion resistant protection capabilities for the whole coating applied on the magnesium alloy matrix.
The Efficiency Analysis and Optimization of Gear Trains
Authors: Zhao Ning , Jia Qing Jian
Published: November 2010

A kinematic analysis is apply to gear trains of the main reducer of helicopter , and established the mathematical model of the system structure and layout of the gear trains use the graph theory representation to caculate the mechanical efficiency of it base on the kinematics, moment balance theory, power conservation principle and so on. The paper also introduced the constrained optimization function to carried on the gear train to increase the efficiency of the gear trains and improve the layout of the system structure, which to provide the basis of system structural analysis and design of the reducer.
Fuzzy Optimization Design Method on Fine-Pitch Tooth Profile
Authors: Zhao Fu Qiang , Wang Tie , Li Hong Mei , Li Xiao Fen , Shen Jun
Published: November 2010

In view of the characteristics of the low-noise and high-strength of auto gears, this paper proposes a new method of optimization of fine-pitch tooth profile. Based on the constant gear-pair parameter values of transmission ratio, modulus, pressure angle, the method takes the optimal contact ratio as design object, sets up the constraint conditions such as noise limit index, non-interference, non-undercutting, and non-sharpened in the tip, and optimizes the addendum coefficient and coefficient so as to increase the contact ratio. In addition, this paper makes a finite element strength analysis on the design result, and the result shows that the new method can not only reduces noise but also improves gear strength of fine-pitch gear.
Properties and Application of Pb-Ca-Sn-Al-Ag-La-Ce Alloys for Positive Grids of Electric Vehicle Batteries
Authors: Li Ai Ju , Chen Hong Yu , Li Rui Zhen
Published: November 2010

The influence of the mixed rare earth metal, Lathanum and cerium, as an alloying additive on the electrochemical behaviour was studied by means of self-depassivation, linear sweep voltammetry and a.c. impedance spectroscopy in 1.28g/m3 H2SO4 at 250C. Studies on Pb-Ca-Sn-Al-Ag-La-Ce alloys indicated the mixed La and Ce can refined crystal grains, inhibit the hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution, and improve the corrosion-resistance performance. So the mixed La and Ce can prolong life of electric vehicle batteries.
Simulation of Spindle Rotation Error with Three-Point Method Based on Matlab
Authors: Huang Zou Ya , Gao Wei Qiang , Yan Qiu Sheng , Huang Jian Jian , Qing Chao Ting
Published: November 2010

This paper establishes the simulation error data models of roundness error, spindle rotation error and noise signal from the characteristics of error signal based on three-point method. From the Matlab simulation, the influence of installation angle error of the sensor, roundness error magnitude and the noise on the segregation accuracy was studied in detail. This makes up the deficiencies of previous studies, and also provides a good foundation for further improving the accuracy of three-point method.
Learning Physics Using Practical Engineering Projects
Authors: Zhang Hui Liang , Shi Ding Ding , Zhang Chun Yuan
Published: November 2010

A problem solving strategy based on practical engineering projects in physics has been developed. The survey shows that 85% of the students think this strategy can help them improve self-directed learning skills, their communication skills and problem solving skills in their learning process.
Simulation and Experimental Study on Sugarcane Field Excitation to the Cutter
Authors: Lai Xiao , Li Shang Ping , Ma Fang Lan , Qin Zhi Wen , Zhou Jing Hui , Zheng Guang Ping
Published: November 2010

The Sugarcane field excitation has notable influence on the sugarcane cutting quality, but its mechanism has seldom been studied. Based on the dynamic model analysis, this paper measure, analysis and test how the field excitation impacts the vibration of the cutter. After building up 3D model of the vehicle and field system, virtual simulation analysis on it is carried out, deducing that the frequency of field unevenness has notable influence on the vibration of the cutter. In physical experiment, it compares and analyzes the vibration of the cutter and cutting quality under different frequencies of field unevenness. The result shows that, the frequency of field unevenness has magnificent influence on the vibration of the cutter, and the higher the frequency the more deteriorated the sugarcane cutting quality.
Study on Water Extraction Technology of Litsea cubeba Essential Oil from the Seed of Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers. Assisted by Microwave and Ultrasonic
Authors: Yang Guo En , Li Xiang Zhou , Zhang Min , Li Ying He
Published: November 2010

Evaluated with the yield of litsea cubeba essential oil, water extraction technology of essential oil from the seed of Litsea Cubeba (Lour.) Pers. assisted by microwave and ultrasonic is studied for the first time in this paper. The optimal water extraction technology of litsea cubeba essential oil assisted by pure microwave is as follows: extracting time 40 minutes, microwave power 650 W, solid-liquid ratio 1:4 (g/mL). Average yield of litsea cubeba essential oil is up to 10.287% (g/g) under the above optimal technology. The optimal water extraction technology of litsea cubeba essential oil assisted by microwave together with ultrasonic is as follows: extracting time 8 minutes, microwave power 600 W, solid-liquid ratio 1:7 (g/mL), extracting temperature 85 . Average yield of litsea cubeba essential oil is up to 14.188% under the above optimal technology. Microwave and ultrasonic can effectively enhance the extraction process of litsea cubeba essential oil.
New Strategy Suppressing Vibration for Euler Beam by Using Impact Damping of Inlaid Steel Ball
Authors: Wang Jian Wei , Xu Hui
Published: November 2010

A new passive vibration control strategy has been put forward and applied to a cantilever beam in this paper. For the beam under principal resonant harmonic excitations, a steel ball was inlaid in its interior closed cavity without any restricts, constructing an impact system. For the system, a spring-damping impact model was employed to simulate impacts between the beam and the steel ball, and dynamic governing equations ware derived. Numerical simulations show that the amplitude of the beam vibration response is significantly reduced by the impact damping of the steel ball, and moreover, the vibration response isn’t periodic but quasi-periodic due to impacts. The self-adaptive characteristic of the steel ball is fully demonstrated by assuming that the ball impacts the beam on a virtual location instead of the actual location observed in experiments. In general, all numerical results agree with those of experiments.
A Novel Evaluation Method for Overall Performance Testing of Rail Transit Brake System
Authors: Ma Xi Qin , Yang Chang Qi , Ren Guang Sheng
Published: November 2010

A system is developed to detect output pressure of rail transit brake system and the principle of the system design is expatiated. The function and the implement method of each block in the system are also discussed. According to the problems existed in detection of rail transit brake system, we propose a new evaluation index to detect overall performance of rail transit brake system.
Cross-Section Shape Optimization of Expandable Cased-Hole Liners
Authors: Ma Ben , Li Hai Qing , Deng Xu , Li Min
Published: November 2010

Expandable cased-hole liners is to solve the sealing problem of level six multilateral wells. It is a trigeminal expandable tube which is usually prefabricated on the ground and re-expanded when placed in the proper position. In this paper, the trigeminal expandable tubular compression molding process of the pre-forming stage is mainly studied. In this compression process, both sides of the branch pipe should be compressed to a certain shape in order to successfully enter the main borehole; meanwhile, we want to make sure that failures such as rupture do not occur in the subsequent expansion process. According to the theory about sheet metal bending forming process, three different shapes of the mold are designed to control the cross-section shape of the compressed trigeminal expandable tube so that it meets the application requirements. Rack-shaped cross-section is finally selected as a reference of the best through simulation of compression process and comparative analysis of simulation results. At last, field tests show that this cross-section shape is compatible with the theoretical and simulation results.
Synthesis and Electrochemical Performance of Li3V2(PO4)3 Cathode Materials by Microwave-Assisted Carbothermal Reduction Method
Authors: Jiang Bo Quan , Hu Shu Fen , Ye Zhi Qiang
Published: November 2010

The lithium vanadium phosphate (Li3V2(PO4)3) cathode materials were synthesized by microwave- assisted carbothermal reduction method. The effects of microwave heating time and Li/V molar ratio on the structure and electrochemical performance of the prepared samples were investigated. The results show that the perfect crystal growth and good electrochemical performance ( first charge / discharge specific capacity of 160.8 mAh•g-1/151.3 mAh•g-1 and discharge decay rate of 7.90% after 30 cycles ) of the Li3V2(PO4)3 were obtained under the optimal conditions of heating time 11 min and Li/V molar ratio 3.05:2.0. The voltage values appeared at the oxidation and reduction peaks of the cyclic voltammetry curves were proved to be basically consistent with those appeared at the charge / discharge curves. The lithium ion diffusion coefficient was determined to be 2.320 ×10-9 cm2•s-1 by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and mathematical models derived from simulative equivalent circuit.
Assessment of Feasible Recycling Ways on Waste Textile Fiber Materials
Authors: Cui Jing , Yu Yong Ling , Lv Li Hua , Zhou Jing
Published: November 2010

The recycling process of waste textile fiber materials could be divided into two parts: one is that waste textile fiber materials turn into recycled fibers, and the other is the use of recycled fiber process. To solve the first problem, it’s important to classify it in a reasonable way. In accordance with the main characteristics of fiber materials, new model of classification is established through three elements: color, finishing agents and twist. According to the new model of classification and different requests in recycled fiber, twenty-seven methods are proposed. Furthermore, taking waste polyester fiber materials as an example, economic cost analysis is used to assess the feasible ways in recycling waste fiber materials.
The Characteristics and Application of Water Quenched Slag Particles (WQSP) as Filter Media
Authors: Feng Yan , Yu Yan Zhen , Zhang Jian Wei , Juan Tan
Published: November 2010

Novel filter media-water quenched slag particles (WQSP) were prepared using waste material- Water quenched slag, clay and pore-forming material with a mass ratio of 3:2:1. Compared with haydite, WQSP had higher total porosity, larger total surface area and lower bulk and apparent density. Tests of heavy metal elements in lixivium proved that SGSP were safe for wastewater treatment. In order to ascertain the application of WQSP ，WQSP and haydite were applied as the media of biological aerated filters (BAF) to treat municipal wastewater in two lab scale upflow BAFs. The results showed that WQSP reactor brought a relative superiority to haydite reactor in terms of chemical oxygen demand (CODcr) and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) removal at the conditions of water temperature ranging from 200C to 260C and DO ≥4.00 mg·L-1. Therefore, WQSP application, as a novel process of treating wastes with wastes, provided a promising way in water quenched slag utilization.
Treatment of Lake-Type Raw Water by Ultrasonic and Photocatalytic Oxidization Process
Authors: Wang Li Ping , Jiang Wei Juan , Du Er Deng , Wang Chu Qiao , Gao Nai Yun
Published: November 2010

The lake-type raw water was treated in a photocatalytic oxidization reactor. The experiment was carried out using ultrasonic under the condition of flow rate 10L/h, the padding packing compares 2/5, UV lamp 30W, non-additional chemicals, pH 7.35. Moremore, the raw water also was treated by ultrasonic / photocatalytic oxidization integrated process under the same control conditions. The results indicate that, after ultrasonic / photocatalytic oxidization process for 36 hours, the average removal of CODMn, TP, Chl-a and OD560 were 25.3%, 30.1%, 98.6% and 88.1%, respectively.
Stability and Accuracy of Wilson－θ Method with Modified Acceleration
Authors: Fang De Ping , Wang Quan Feng
Published: November 2010

There remain two kinds of the Wilson-θ methods, the Wilson-θ and methods named by author. In the Wilson-θ method, the accelerations are not modified by the dynamic equilibrium equations at the time ; in the Wilson-θ method, the accelerations are modified. The amplification matrixes of the Wilson-θ and methods for single-degree-of-freedom system are derived. The stabilities of the Wilson-θ and methods are examined by the spectral radii of the amplification matrixes. The stability of the Wilson-θ method is unconditional for . The calculation results indicate: the stability of the Wilson-θ method is not unconditional, its improvement of accuracy is slight; both the stability range and accuracy are less than the ones of the linear acceleration method, so the Wilson-θ method wouldn't be adopted.
Studies on the Realationship between the Speciation Distribution and Si/Fe Ratio of Poly-Silica-Ferric-Chloride
Authors: Shi Jian , Liu Quan , Wang Dong Sheng
Published: November 2010

Interactions between ferric species and silica have been shown to play a large part in the coagulation of suspensions. These effects are quite distinct from those associated with polymeric or colloid silica. The interaction of monosilicic acid with Fe ions has been discussed in this paper. Compared with traditional iron salt, poly-silica-ferric-chloride (PFSC) is characterized by having higher molecular weight, less positive charge, lower Feb and higher Fec. In addition, the Si/Fe is higher and the Silica is higher and Silicc is lower. With increasing Si/Fe ratio the effective diameter of PFSC increases. Along with the increase of Si/Fe ratio, more complicated polymers are formed and the particle size distribution is broadened. Resluts show that some co-polymerized species or aggregates between silica and Fe( ) polymers are formed.
Friction and Wear Behavior of Sucker Rod and Tubing String in the Presence of Oil Field Wastewater as the Lubricating Medium
Authors: Wang Han Xiang , Hou Nai He , Liu Yan Xin
Published: November 2010

An MG-2000 high-speed and high-temperature friction-abrasion testing machine was used to evaluate the friction and wear behaviors of AISI1045 steel sucker rod sliding against J55 tubing string and J55 tubing strings coated with spray-welded wear-resistant coatings of various thicknesses in a ring-on-ring configuration and under the lubrication of oilfield wastewater as the lubricating medium. The worn surface morphologies of the sucker rod specimens coupled with the J55 tubing string and the J55 tubing string coated with the wear-resistant coating were observed with a scanning electron microscope. As the results, it was effective to increase the wear-resistance of the frictional pair with the addition of the wear-resistant coatings on the tubing string surface. The wear-resistant coating of a proper thickness also contributed to reducing the friction coefficient to some extent, which was helpful to reduce the friction force between the sucker rod and tubing string pair and increase the service lifetime of the pair. The decreased wear rates of the sucking rod specimens coupled with the tubing string specimens coated with the wear-resistant coating of a proper thickness were attributed to the action of the coating in decreasing adhesion wear. Moreover, the tubing string specimen recorded little difference in wear rate at normal temperature and 60°C. However, the sucker rod specimen registered as lightly larger wear rate at 60°C than at room temperature, which could be attributed to the enhanced adhesion wear and mild corrosive wear at elevated temperature. It was imperative to properly control the thickness of the wear-resistant coating on the tubing string surface so as to bring its friction-reducing and antiwear action into effect.
An Optimal Resource Allocation Method for Aircraft Subassembly System Based on Graphic Ant Colony Algorithm
Authors: Zhang Jie , Xu Zhi Jia , Li Yuan
Published: November 2010

Subassembly has an important role in aircraft manufacturing. There are different shop orders at different periods, so subassembly system need to adjust production capacity through reallocation of resources. Based on graphic ant colony algorithm(GACA), an optimal resource allocation method was proposed on aircraft subassembly system. In the method, first, a Petri Net(PN) model was used to describe the logic of tasks and resources in system. Next, to support solving process of GACA, structure graph for ant routing was designed by PN model. Then according to features of aircraft subassembly, solving rules and procedures of GACA are discussed in detail, which can obtain an optimal resource allocation scheme by requirement of production capacity adjustment. In addition, an example on flaperon assembly was introduced and the result demonstrated the functionality of the method.