bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Accuracy of the landing of the original and non-original supraconstructions on implants
Authors: Saveliev Vasiliy V. , Karandin Yury A. , Kovgan Dmitry S.
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND: An integral part of modern orthopedic dentistry is the rehabilitation of patients with partial or completely missing teeth using intraosseous implant prosthetics. Despite the high success rate of implant integration, practicing dentists continue to encounter biological and technical complications during prosthetic treatment. One of the reasons for the resulting complications is inaccuracies in the design of orthopedic components. Since today the Russian dental market offers a wide range of suprastructures from different manufacturers and price categories, there is a need to compare the accuracy of their designs.
AIM: To identify the difference between the accuracy of fit of original and non-original suprastructures presented in the Russian dental materials market by studying microgaps between these components and original Straumann implants.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Seven bone-level implants and six tissue-level Straumann implants were used. The original Straumann titanium bone-level and tissue-level bases were used as control superstructures. The following non-original components were used as test specimens: cast cobaltchromium bone and tissue-level bases from GeoMedi, plastic burnout bone-level abutments from NT-trading, and non-original titanium bone- and tissue-level abutments from GeoMedi, Zirkonzahn, and NT-trading. Cobalt-chromium abutments for tissue-level to a soft state were obtained from GeoMedi. Cobaltchromium specimens, namely, cast-to-fabricate and pre-smooth abutments from GeoMedi and a plastic burnout abutment from NT-trading, underwent a full technical cycle of metal-ceramic crown fabrication. All specimens were pressed in epoxy using a SimpliMet 1000 automatic hot press. Specimens were ground using a Buehler Beta-1 grinding and polishing machine with an automatic Vector attachment. Grinding was conducted layer by layer in three steps with a step of 1 mm. The contact area was examined with a Tescan Mira LMU scanning electron microscope.
RESULTS: Segments between the implant and abutment and between the abutment and screw were considered in calculating the study results. Using a scanning electron microscope (Tescan Mira LMU), the length of the gap sections not exceeding 1 m and the length of each gap section exceeding 1 m were measured on each segment. For each gap, the area percentage was calculated, with the gap width not exceeding 1 m.
CONCLUSION: For Straumann bone- and tissue-level implants, the original Straumann titanium bases had the highest fit accuracy, but for Straumann bone-level implants, the non-original titanium abutments from GeoMedi and Zirkonzahn also had a similar fit. The fit of the non-original cobaltchromium bases from GeoMedi and the burnout plastic abutment from NT-trading did not meet the criteria for an accurate fit of the superstructures.
The study of the impact of the introduction of self-isolation and the mandatory wearing of personal protective equipment on oral hygiene
Authors: Gus’kov Aleksandr  V. , Mishin Dmitry  N. , Kalinovskiy Sergey  I. , Rodina Tatyana  S. , Smirnova Aleksandra V. , Osman Abbas
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND: The availability of medical facilities, and as a result, the possibility of receiving medical care has decreased due to the announcement of quarantine in several countries. An untimely request for dental care entails a change in the CPI index (the sum of teeth on which caries, a filling or a tooth has been removed), resulting in partial or complete loss of teeth. The complete absence of teeth is accompanied by morphofunctional changes in all elements of the dental system, a significant decrease in chewing ability. Thus, the decrease in public attention to dental hygiene and treatment in dental clinics for examination and treatment negatively affected dental health.
AIM: The aim is to assess the impact of the introduction of selfisolation and mandatory wearing of personal protective equipment on oral hygiene of students of higher educational institutions of Ryazan and the Ryazan region and foreign universities (universities).
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The research materials were the results of a survey conducted among Russian students and students living outside the Russian Federation. A total of 397 students (English speakers mainly India, Egypt, Canada; French speakers mainly Morocco, Lebanon, Tunisia), who were divided into several study groups. In total, 397 students took part in our study (42% were girls, 58% were young people), 123 of them were Russian-speaking students, 120 English-speaking students and 154 French-speaking students.
RESULTS: A comparative assessment of the results of the study showed a positive state of oral hygiene in the majority of respondents, and there was an increase in interest in the use of additional personal hygiene products of the oral cavity (chewing gum, irrigators, rinses, single-stick brushes, toothpicks, etc.).
CONCLUSION: In general, oral hygiene, being an integral part of daily care, was not forgotten during self-isolation. Students regularly brushed their teeth, used additional means, but, as the study showed, students went to the dentist less often due to compliance with the self-isolation regime.
Dynamics of indicators of the proteinase-inhibitory system of the body in destructive forms of chronic apical periodontitis during treatment
Authors: Demyanenko Svetlana A. , Morozova Marina N. , Kharchenko Vladimir Z. , Tofan Yulia V. , Aliyev Leonid L. , Duryagina Larisa Kh. , Degtyareva Lyudmila A. , Dubrovina-Parus Tamara A.
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND: Destructive forms of chronic apical periodontitis (CAP) remain one of the most difficult problems not only in dentistry and endodontics but also in medicine. In addition to the progressive local process in the alveolar process of the jaw, they are a source of autoinfection and auto-intoxication, causing or exacerbating pathologies in other organs.
AIM: This study aimed to analyze the dynamics of the activity of nonspecific proteinases and their inhibitors in patients with destructive forms of CAP when performing a standard endodontic treatment.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Some indicators of the proteinase-inhibitory system of the oral fluid and blood plasma were studied in 28 somatically healthy patients aged 2555 years with destructive forms of CAP in multi-root teeth. The canals were treated according to the protocol of the European Society of Endodontics. After instrumental and medical treatments of the root canal, it was dried and temporarily sealed with calcium hydroxide-based preparation. The tooth was closed with temporary fillers for 1014 days.
RESULTS: The comparative analysis of the indicators of the proteinase-inhibitory system showed that destructive forms of CAP and rehabilitation of the pathological focus, to a greater or lesser extent, affect its condition.
CONCLUSIONS: Changes in the parameters of the proteinase-inhibitory system in the development of CAP during endodontic treatment were observed both locally (oral fluid) and systemically (blood plasma).
Cone-beam computed tomography evaluation of the possibility of fabrication of screw-retained implant crowns on maxillary central incisors
Authors: Merzhoeva Khava M. , Murashov Mikhail A. , Voronov Igor. A.
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND: Immediate implant placement to the fresh socket of the extracted tooth, with immediate loading, is well documented. Dental roots in proximity to the vestibular plate require thorough attention from clinicians. Implants placed close to the vestibular plate often lead to its resorption and gingival recession. Therefore, dental surgeons place implants 23 mm away from the vestibular plate. In turn, prosthodontists plan implant placement so that the screw channel is not on the vestibular surface, which is most significant in the aesthetic area. However, this is not always possible, and there is a conflict between implant placement with proper primary stability and its simultaneous loading with a screw-retained crown.
AIM: To conduct radiological assessment of the ideal implant placement for a screw-retained crown.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 120 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT; 3 groups of 40 people with different root positions) were analyzed. In each group, the possibility of extracting tooth 1.1 and inserting an implant was evaluated in compliance with the protocol for immediate implantation and the possibility to have the screw shaft of the artificial crown on the palatal surface.
RESULTS: Group C was defined as the most favorable for immediate implant placement with a screw-retained crown. The least favorable was group N. In total, the screw channel in 40% of the cases was located palatally, 26.6% to the incisal edge, and 33.3% on the vestibular surface.
CONCLUSIONS: Careful analysis of CBCT when planning implant-supported restoration in the aesthetic area is an integral part of the treatment. A team approach is required from surgeons and prosthodontists when planning. In a larger percentage of cases, implant-supported prosthetics in the maxillary central incisors involve the use of alternative solutions for the restoration of screw-retained crowns.
Epidemiological surveillance of surgical site infections in large joint replacement
Authors: Bulycheva Irina A. , Kondratieva Ksenija A. , Yakupova Gulnara R. , Lokotkova Alla I. , Mamkeev Eldar Kh. , Mazitov Marat R.
Published: September 2022

Joint replacement is a reliable and effective surgery that allows profound pain relief and restores joint function in patients. Despite the progress made and the experience gained in joint replacement, surgical site infection is one of the leading postoperative complications. It can proceed as a periprosthetic joint infection, osteomyelitis, sepsis and lead to disabled or dead outcomes. Systematization of risk factors for infectious complications plays an important role as an element of epidemiological surveillance system optimization. Age, the presence of concomitant diseases (for example, diabetes mellitus, cancer, arthritis and systemic collagenosis), carriage of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms, infectious and inflammation both outside and in the area of surgery, and external factors (surgery duration, correct antibiotic prophylaxis and surgeon's experience) are the most significant risk factors for periprosthetic joint infection. In world practice, the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System surgical site infection risk index is used. This criterion does not consider all potential risk factors. It is important to analyze and rank the identified risk factors according to the impact on the development of infectious complications in organizing an epidemiological surveillance system process in a medical organization. Risk factors analysis will identify the most significant modifiable factors for the development, implementation and execution of organizational, preventive measures and epidemic control. The creation and implementation of a standardized preoperative protocol based on a risk factors assessment will allow predicting the surgery outcome and arguing the strategy and tactic of preventive measures.
Spondyloptosis in children, adolescents and youth age patients
Authors: Skryabin Evgeny G.
Published: September 2022

The study aimed to analyze scientific publications on Spondyloptosis in children, adolescents and youth age patients. The article analyzes 77 literary sources for the period from 1995 to 2021, presented in modern electronic databases of medical information: PubMed, CyberLeninka, eLibrary, Google Scholar. The analysis of scientific articles showed that many important issues related to spondyloptosis in children have not yet been resolved. For example, the disease incidence rate in children and adolescents is unknown. To date, an algorithm for choosing a method for surgical treatment in this category of patients has not been defined, the need and methods for reduction of a displaced LV vertebra remain debatable, the spinal fusion length is not scientifically justified, measures to prevent the appearance or exacerbation of neurological disorders have not been developed, there are no generally accepted clinical and radiation criteria for evaluating treatment outcomes. It is recognized that the severity of clinical manifestations of spondyloptosis is associated with the degree of spinal-pelvic imbalance. The range of surgical interventions is wide: from in situ fusion at the LVSI motion segment to 360 reconstruction with a change in the parameters of the lumbo-pelvic balance. Successful attempts are being made to introduce into clinical practice composite models of metal structures individually made on a 3D printer, specific to the spinal-pelvic balance of a particular patient. Many authors in their publications expressed that various aspects of LV spondyloptosis in children and adolescents require further study.
Possible pathophysiological mechanisms of cardiac troponin level elevations in blood serum and urine in arterial hypertension
Authors: Chaulin Akeksey M.
Published: September 2022

The review aimed to discuss and detail the main mechanisms of myocardial cell injury and increased concentrations of cardiac specific troponin isoforms (cTnI and cTnT) in blood serum and urine in hypertension. The search and analysis of foreign and domestic literature were carried out using the MedLine, EMBASE, Scopus and eLibrary databases to achieve this goal. According to recent experimental and clinical researches using high and ultra-sensitive methods for determining cTnI and cTnT, cardiomyocytes are extremely sensitive to many damaging factors in a number of physiological and pathological conditions. The serum concentrations of cTnI and cTnT can increase at the earliest stages of cardiovascular diseases (for example, in prehypertension, latent forms of coronary heart disease, arterial hypertension) and are important for predicting subsequent complications in the form of acute and life-threatening cardiovascular diseases (myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, and others). Moreover, troponin molecules can be detected not only in blood serum but also in non-invasively obtained biological fluids, including urine and oral fluid, which in the future can be used as new methods for the non-invasive diagnosis of many cardiovascular diseases. Although elevated levels of cTnI and cTnT in blood serum and urine in hypertension have a fairly high diagnostic and prognostic value, the pathophysiological mechanisms of cardiac troponins level elevations in human biological fluids in this pathological condition remain unclear.
Features of the population immunity to SARS-CoV-2 development in staff members of medical organizations during the spread of COVID-19
Authors: Sadykov Marat N. , Ziatdinov Vasil  B. , Reshetnikova Irina  D. , Khakimov Niyaz M. , Lopushov Dmitriy V. , Isaeva Guzel Sh.
Published: September 2022

Background. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic generates the urgent need of monitoring the herd immunity among healthcare workers as a high-risk group for infection.
Aim. Determining the level and structure of population immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in the medical workers during the second peak of COVID-19 from August to November 2020.
Material and methods. The study involved 15,158 medical workers from 91 medical organizations of the Republic of Tatarstan. The age of the examined stuff members varied from 18 to 74 years, the average age was 45.480.1016 years, most of them were women (13 627, 89.870.258%). Testing for the presence of total antibodies (immunoglobulin classes G, A and M) to SARS- CoV-2 was performed once by the enhanced chemiluminescence method. Statistical processing was carried out by methods of variation statistics and correlation analysis according to the Pearson method using MS Excel and WinPepi.
Results. Seroprevalence to SARS-CoV-2 in medical workers was 35.230.388%. An increase in seropositive individuals level from 27.440.265% in August to 57.910.499% in November and an increase in the average geometric mean titer of total antibodies (immunoglobulin classes A, M, G) from 84.43 in August to 101.09 in November 2020 were detected. The level of individuals with antibodies increased with age from 18 to 59 years and decreased in group of 6070 years. The largest proportion of seropositive to SARS-CoV-2 individuals was found among junior (42.011.384%) and middle grade (37.50.527%) medical staff of hospitals for patients with COVID-19, ambulance and emergency stations. Among the seropositive to the SARS-CoV-2 workers the proportion of asymptomatic forms of infection was 84.970.498%. According to the level of seroprevalence, municipal districts of the Republic of Tatarstan were divided into three groups: moderate 8.939.0; average 42.949.6, high level 53.164.4.
Сonclusion. An increase in seroprevalence to SARS-CoV-2 was revealed among medical workers of the Republic of Tatarstan from August to November 2020 during the second peak of COVID-19.
A complex approach to the chronic recurrent cystitis treatment
Authors: Sayapova Dinara R. , Zubkov Alexey Yu. , Ibragimov Timur M.
Published: September 2022

Background. Chronic cystitis is the dominating urinary tract disease. Due to its high prevalence among women, this issue remains topical in medicine.
Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of the sodium hyaluronate in the complex treatment of chronic recurrent cystitis.
Material and methods. The research included 60 patients with a confirmed clinical diagnosis of chronic recurrent cystitis in the clinic of Kazan State Medical University for the period from July 2020 to July 2021. To evaluate the effectiveness of treatment, the patients were divided into groups using the copy-pair method. The first (main) group included 30 women receiving anti-inflammatory therapy and local treatment with collargol instillations. After that, the patients were prescribed the topical use of sodium hyaluronate: 40 mg (50 ml) once a week for 1 month. The second (control) group also included 30 patients who received only anti-inflammatory therapy and local treatment with collargol. The average age of the observed patients was 30.51.5 years: in the first group 31.11.5 years, in the second group 31.91.3 years. All patients underwent control cystoscopy, ultrasound and urodynamic examinations on the 15th and 30th day of treatment. The Welch's t-test, Fisher's test, analysis of variance with repeated observations were used as statistical data analysis methods.
Results. Treatment was completed by all patients in both groups. The patients management showed a significant decrease in the number of urination (up to 6 times a day), and urgent uriesthesia was recorded in 86.6% of women in the main group compared to 60% in the control group (p 0.05). The control cystoscopy performed on the planned 15th day of treatment showed positive dynamics in the bladder mucosa recovery under the collargol influence. All patients of the first group had no changes in the mucous membrane of the bladder. There was a positive dynamics of urodynamic parameters in the first group compared to the control group.
Conclusion. The sodium hyaluronate, which was included in the complex therapy of chronic recurrent cystitis, accelerates the process of the bladder mucosa regeneration after local treatment with collargol and reduces the time of its recovery.
The history of the appointment of V.M. Bekhterev to the Imperial Kazan University
Authors: Sozinov Alexey S. , Mendelevich Vladimir D. , Mitrofanov Ivan A.
Published: September 2022

In this article, based on archival data and literary sources, the history and reasons for the appointment of V.M. Bekhterev to the Imperial Kazan University are described. Since the sixties of the 19th century, anatomy and physiology professors, as well as clinicians and psychologists of Kazan University, started comprehensive studies of the nervous system within the framework of a specially created psychophysiological department of the Society of Naturalists. Kazan scientific community was familiar with the experimental work of V.M. Bekhterev, the assistant of the Imperial Military Medical Academy, and considered him capable of continuing research on nervous system, which was actively carried out in Kazan. The professors of the medical faculty needed a like-minded person like V.M. Bekhterev at the university to support their scientific views on the role of the nervous system physiology in human mental phenomena formation, as well as to continue the nervous system complex studies, which were started in the framework of the psychophysiological department of the Society of Naturalists. The initiator of the invitation of V.M. Bekhterev as a physiology professor was N.O. Kovalevskiy, who was actively studying the nervous system physiology and supporting the young professor in his scientific and organizational activities for almost the entire period of his work in Kazan. Vladimir Mikhailovich was unanimously elected by the Council of the Faculty of Medicine, and despite being sent on a business trip abroad, he became a head of the Department of Psychiatry at Kazan University from August 1, 1885.
Low-carbohydrate versus balanced-carbohydrate diets for reducing weight and cardiovascular risk
Authors: - -
Published: September 2022

This publication is the Russian translation of the Plain Language Summary (PLS) of the Cochrane Systematic Review: Naude CE, Brand A, Schoonees A, Nguyen KA, Chaplin M, Volmink J. Low-carbohydrate versus balanced-carbohydrate diets for reducing weight and cardiovascular risk. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2022, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD013334. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD013334.pub2.
The diagnostic value of circulating tumor DNA in hepatitis B virus induced hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chang Young , Jeong Soung Won , Jang Jae Young , Eun Hyuksoo , Lee Young‑Sun , Song Do Seon , Yu Su Jong , Lee Sae Hwan , Kim Won , Lee Hyun Woong , Kim Sang Gyune , Ryu Seongho , Park Suyeon
Published: September 2022

Background/Aim: New biomarkers are urgently needed to aid in the diagnosis of early stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We performed a meta-analysis on the diagnostic utility of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) levels in patients with hepatitis B virus-induced HCC.Methods: We retrieved relevant articles from PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library up to February 8, 2022. Two subgroups were defined; one subset of studies analyzed the ctDNA methylation status, and the other subset combined tumor markers and ctDNA assays. Pooled sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were analyzed.Results: Nine articles including 2,161 participants were included. The overall SEN and SPE were 0.705 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.629-0.771) and 0.833 (95% CI, 0.769-0.882), respectively. The DOR, PLR, and NLR were 11.759 (95% CI, 7.982-17.322), 4.285 (95% CI, 3.098- 5.925), and 0.336 (0.301-0.366), respectively. The ctDNA assay subset exhibited an AUC of 0.835. The AUC of the combined tumor marker and ctDNA assay was 0.848, with an SEN of 0.761 (95% CI, 0.659-0.839) and an SPE of 0.828 (95% CI, 0.692-0.911).Conclusions: Circulating tumor DNA has promising diagnostic potential for HCC. It can serve as an auxiliary tool for HCC screening and detection, especially when combined with tumor markers.
Yönetici Kültünün Antik Yakın Doğu ve Yunan Uygarlıklarındaki Gelişimi
Authors: TERAMAN HEPDİNÇLER Özel
Published: September 2022

Gelişimini ancak, etkili politik güçlerin uluslar üstü imparatorluk devletlerine dönüştüğü aşamada tamamlayabilen yönetici kültü hakimiyetinin en fazla hissedildiği dönem, hiç şüphesiz Roma İmparatorluk Dönemi olmuştur. Roma’da Iulius Caesar diktatörlüğünden önce resmi olarak hiçbir insana tanrısal onurlandırma verilmemiştir. Bunun gibi bir kült, ön koşul olarak iktidarın sürekli ve mutlak olmasını gerektirmektedir ve bu da Caesar’dan önce kimse tarafından elde edilememiştir. Ancak bu durum, böylesi bir tapınım düşüncesinin Romalılardan önce kimsenin zihninde olmadığı anlamına gelmemektedir. Özellikle ‘yöneticilerin tanrılar tarafından, dünyadaki vekilleri olmak üzere seçilen ölümlüler’ olması ve ‘tanrılar tarafından seçilen yöneticinin tanrısal özellikler taşıması’ fikri noktasından hareketle, kökeninin Mezopotamya ve devamında Mısır’daki yönetici kültlerine dayandığı düşünülen yönetici kültünün, bu uygarlıklarda ve Yunan uygarlığındaki, gelişimi söz konusu çalışmanın özünü oluşturmaktadır.
A pilot study on review of GSR with a case study
Authors: Mishra R K , Budania Anil , Chouhan Ruchika , Sharma Mukesh
Published: September 2022

In all types of heinous crime cases like murder, homicides, assassinations, police encounter with criminal firearms are mostly involved which make important trace evidence as Gunshot residue (GSR), helps the investigating agency and forensic expert to solve and get a proper direction of investigations. Though this review article we tried to cover the how GSR form, composition and recent advancement in detection of GSR.

This pilot study will provide a hand on single article to the reader with great interest of GSR and its value in forensic investigations. The review results are in the form of impact of GSR in crime solving possibility and very interesting case study also report.
The effectiveness of computer assisted programme on knowledge and practice regarding immediate care of patients with myocardial infarction among staff nurses
Authors: Chilate Phibina
Published: September 2022

Myocardial destruction was observed but not modified by the cardiologist. It has become increasingly clear that to make a real impact on the prognosis of patients with myocardial infarction. The goal of medical management is to minimize myocardial damage, preserve myocardial function, and prevent complications. the researcher felt the need to assess the effectiveness of computer assisted programme on  knowledge & Practice Regarding immediate care of patient with myocardial infarction among staff nurses in admitted in selected wards of Jawaharlal Nehru Hospital & Research centre sector -9 Bhilai C.G.

The purpose of experimental study was to study, observe and explore the cause and effect relationship of a situation. In this study the design used in Quasi Experimental one group pre-test and post test research design. The setting for present study is Jawaharlal Nehru Hospital & Research Centre Sector -9 Bhilai C.G. In this study a total of 30 samples for assessment of knowledge & practice of Jawaharlal Nehru Hospital & Research Centre Sector -9 Bhilai C.G. Non- Probability Purposive Sampling technique was used for selecting the sample.

The comparison of knowledge score between pre test & post test in which 20%(6) subjects were in Average , 76.67%(26) subjects were in Good, 3.33%(1) subjects were in Excellent pre test knowledge score regarding immediate  care of myocardial infarction patient. In Post test knowledge level the majority of staff nurse’s 46.67% (14) subjects in Excellent knowledge level & 53.33% (16) were in Good knowledge regarding immediate care of myocardial infarction patients. Pre test Mean Knowledge score was 10.53, Mean %  was 43.88%, S.D of pre test knowledge score was 2.9 & CV  was 27.54 & post test Mean  knowledge score was 16.54, Mean % was  68.33%, S.D  of post test knowledge score was 2.95 & C.V of  post test was 17.99. The Practice score of Pre test Mean was 12, mean % was 50% with S.D 1.88 & C.V was 15.67 & Post test practice Mean score was 19.87, mean % was 82.79 with S.D 2.34 & C.V was 11.78.

Prevalence of acute myocardial infarction as the first manifestation of ischemic heart disease is high, approximately 50%. Hypertensive individuals more frequently have symptoms preceding acute myocardial infarction, probably due to ventricular hypertrophy associated with high blood pressure levels.
A pre-experimental study to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on knowledge regarding dental hygiene among school going children of Sultan-ul-Arifeen Senior Secondary School Rainawari Srinagar
Authors: Siraj Syed Shahid , Arifa Syed
Published: September 2022

Dental hygiene is the practice of keeping the mouth, teeth and gums clean and healthy by regular brushing and flossing and preventive dental care. The main aim of the study was to improve the knowledge and practice regarding dental hygiene using planned teaching programme among students of sultan-ul-Arifeen senior secondary school Rainawari Srinagar.

: To assess the pre-test knowledge among school going children regarding dental hygiene. 2. To assess the post-test knowledge after implementation of planned teaching programme. 3. To compare the pre-test knowledge with the post-test knowledge regarding dental hygiene.

Pre experimental research design was used for the study. The study was conducted on 45 school going children selected by stratified sampling technique. Data was collected regarding sociodemographic background of the samples and knowledge was assessed by administering structured knowledge questionnaire. Collected data was analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics includes frequency, percentages, mean and standard deviation. Inferential statistics includes chi square and t-test.

The study result showed that the pre-test knowledge of the children of Sultan-ul-Arifeen senior secondary school Rainawari Srinagar was 60% and the post-test knowledge was 94%. In the pre-test study, majority of children (55.44%) had moderate knowledge, (44.44%) had inadequate pre-test knowledge and none of them had adequate knowledge. In the post test study, majority of school going children (95.55%) had adequate knowledge, 4.44% had moderate knowledge and none of them had inadequate knowledge.

From the above findings it was concluded that majority of school going children had adequate post-test knowledge after administration of planned teaching programme regarding dental hygiene.

Identifying the knowledge and attitude of school going children regarding dental hygiene can help the nurse in anticipating the need to arrange health education sessions for students deficient in knowledge regarding dental hygiene.
Ensemble Learning with Supervised Machine Learning Models to Predict Credit Card Fraud Transactions
Authors: Baker Mohammed Rashad , Mahmood Zuhair Norii , Shaker Ehab Hashim
Published: September 2022

In recent years, the highly boosting development in e-commerce technologies made it possible for people to select the most desirable items from shops and stores worldwide while being at home. Credit card frauds transactions are common nowadays because of online payments. Online transactions are the root cause of fraudulent credit card activity, bringing enormous financial losses. Financial institutions must install an automatic deterrent mechanism to check these fraudulent actions. The fraudulent transactions do not follow a specific pattern and continuously change their shape and behavior. This paper aims to use ensemble learning with supervised Machine Learning (ML) models to predict the occurrence of fraud transactions. The experimental study has been evaluated on the open-source Kaggle credit card fraud detection dataset. The performance of the proposed model is measured in terms of accuracy score, confusion matrix, and classification report. The results were state-of-the-art using the voting ensemble learning technique shows that it can be get the best results using PCA with 100.0% accuracy, 97.3% precision, 73.5% recall, and 83.7% f1-score against other ML classifiers.
Performance Evaluation of E-Voting Based on Hyperledger Fabric Blockchain Platform
Authors: Saeed Shatha H. , Hadi Suha M. , Hamad Ali H.
Published: September 2022

Permissioned blockchain platforms have become more prevalent in a wide range of applications. These, such as hyperledger fabric platforms, are sensitive to latency and throughput. In this work, the E-voting case study adopts a hyperledger fabric platform where performance evaluation has been studied in terms of scalability, latency, throughput, CPU usage, and memory allocation. Three scenarios were performed with varying transaction rates, block size, and organizations. Another two scenarios were performed, first with varying block timeout and second, measuring the impact of CPUs and memory allocation on the proposed fabric’s entities (peers, orderer, couchDB, chaincode, etc.). The result shows that an increase in block size will significantly affect metrics such as latency and throughput. Good results were obtained with high transaction send rates on large block size. Similarly, low performance is obtained using a small block size with increased send rates. Also, it was noticed that increasing the number of organizations will increase latency and decrease the throughput. Therefore, in applications with a large number of concurrent transactions, to maintain high throughput, block timeouts and block size should be large. On The other hand, the number of CPUs and amount of memory allocation would impact hyperledger fabric performance.
Jamming Attack Mitigation in CR-IoT Using Game Theory
Authors: Venkatachalam Nallarasan , Kottursamy Kottilingam
Published: September 2022

Jamming attack is Cognitive radio Internet of thing network disables the spectrum sharing and reduces the spectrum utilization .detection and mitigation of such attacks is the main component in realizing cognitive radio-based spectrum sharing in cognitive radio-based internet of thing network this work proposes a game theory-based jamming attack mitigation strategy. The problem of jamming attack mitigation is modeled as a zero-sum game and solved by finding Nash equilibrium. The cognitive node which tries to share the spectrum pays the zero-sum game with the jamming attacker and selects the best strategy of selecting the best frequency without getting into the jamming attack. The result of the proposed mechanism proves that the gaming mechanism can tackle the jamming attack.
A Comprehensive Analysis on Numerous Learning Models for Intrusion Detection for Security Conservation
Authors: Santhi Sri Kurra , Peddireddy Bhargavi , Madamanchi Venkata Bhujanga Rao , Bindu Gottumukkala Hima
Published: September 2022

The term intrusion refers to a series of behaviours that exposes computer networks and systems' security to compromises. Corrective action on the network cannot go on without intrusion detection. IDS and IDS is the framework used to detect network traffic intrusions, which is how the network control mechanism identifies potential intrusions. Security breaches are designed to undermine one or more of the network's three primary security goals: privacy, availability, and trust. To get access to a system, an attacker must follow a predetermined set of procedures. Once inside, they can begin gathering data such as the protocol being used and the network resources available. There are many ways for a hacker to find out what systems are available on the network and how vulnerable they are to attacks. The rapid advancement of network technology necessitated IDS to focus on the detection of assaults using contextual analysis from signature matching processes. Using machine learning to detect and prevent intrusions, the IDS is a critical part of protecting data systems. Network intrusion detection is the focus of this paper, which examines and shows various machine learning techniques.
Evaluation of PV Panel Power Loss Using Gabor Filter Bank
Authors: Karadag Kerim
Published: September 2022

Photovoltaic panels are subject to thermomechanical stresses during their production and subsequent life stages. These conditions give rise to cracks and other defects in panels that can affect power output. Cell cracking is one of the most important causes of power loss in photovoltaic panels. Therefore, photovoltaic panels and cells need to be monitored to achieve the maximum output during production and further downstream. Electroluminescent imaging is a powerful and established technique consisting of many electrically connected solar cells arranged on a grid, and it is employed in order for assessing the quality of photovoltaic panels. In this study, the detection of photovoltaic panel defects in electroluminescent images was examined through image processing methods. PV panels can consist of different numbers of cells. Performance evaluation is made on a cell-based and whole module basis. In PV panel production, unlike EL images taken in standard environments in the factory environment, EL images taken under field conditions require preprocessing before actually being processed. Features were extracted from the preprocessed EL images by exploiting Gabor filter. The obtained features were evaluated as cell-based and the stability of the cells was determined. The performance of the panel was calculated according to the power loss of the cells of the panel. When the calculated performance values were compared with the power values obtained by I-V measurement, the highest error was found to be 0.059, the lowest error was 0.004, and the average error was 0.0213. As a result, the highest success rate was 99.99%.
Computer Graphic and Photographic Image Classification Using Transfer Learning Approach
Authors: Baskar Chanthini , Govindasamy Guga Priya , Anbalagan Sasithradevi , Roomi Sindha Mohamed Mansoor
Published: September 2022

Advancement in information and communication technology has led to tremendous development in graphics techniques. Evolving multimedia tools are used to generate high quality Computer Graphics (CG) images. These images have wide applications in domains like video gaming, augmented reality, and virtual reality and many other. Computer graphic images are also used illegally in criminal activities. This article proposes an effective transfer learning approach to classify CG and Photographic (PG) images available in small scale dataset. Initially, pre-trained models such as AlexNet, GoogleNet, ResNet50, VGG-18 and SqueezeNet were modified and fine-tuned appropriately. Based on the validation accuracy, SqueezeNet was adapted as learning model for extracting deep features for classification. To evaluate the performance of squeezeNet, Columbia dataset and Photo realistic dataset were used. Finally, the performance of the proposed model was compared with state-of-the- art transfer learning approaches to prove its efficacy. Accuracy of 93.75% was attained using SqueezeNet for the folding ratio 80:20 when the input data is augmented.
MRI Liver Image Assisted Diagnosis Based on Improved Faster R-CNN
Authors: Tao Minjie , Lou Jianshe , Wang Li
Published: September 2022

In response to challenges in liver occupancy such a variety of types and manifestations and difficulties in differentiating benign and malignant ones, this paper takes liver images of enhanced MRI scan as the research object, targets on the detection and identification of liver occupancy lesion areas and determining if it is benign or malignant. Accordingly, the paper proposes an auxiliary diagnosis method for liver image combining deep learning and MRI medical imaging. The first step is to establish a reusable standard dataset for MRI liver occupancy detection by pre-processing, image denoising, lesion annotation and data augmentation. Then it improves the classical region-based convolutional neural network (R-CNN) algorithm Faster R-CNN by incorporating CondenseNet feature extraction network, custom-designed anchor size and transfer learning pre-training. This is to further improve the detection accuracy and benign and malignant classification performance of liver occupancy. Experiments show that the improved model algorithm can effectively identify and localise liver occupancies in MRI images, and achieves a mean average precision (mAP) of 0.848 and an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.926 on the MRI standard dataset. This study has important research significance and application value for reducing manual misses and misdiagnosis and improving the early clinical diagnosis rate of liver cancer.
THE INSTITUTIONAL DIMENSIONS OF OPPRESSION: EXAMINING THE GENDER-RELATED IDEOLOGICAL FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH VIOLENCE AGAINST GIRLS AT THE LEGAL AND POLITICAL LEVEL
Authors: Tchoukou Julie Ada
Published: September 2022

The problem of violence against girls in Nigeria has attracted scholarly attention from a number of empirical and theoretical vantage points. This scholarship is vitally important. It has helped thrust feminist and other anthropological discourse into an arena of anti-violence work with significant impacts on, and repercussions for, girls in Nigeria. However, despite systemic change over the past years, the problem of violence against girls in Nigeria — as in Africa generally — persists. A consensus has emerged in the literature that cultural and social norms are relevant to the persistence of violence against girls in Nigeria. Without understating that relevance, this article analyses the problem from a different perspective. Cultural, religious, ethnic, and social norms have figured increasingly in the conceptual frameworks of both international and national institutions, distracting attention from the ways in which ideologies confronting girls are actually embedded within organisational structures of control. Important as it may be to understand the ways that these norms have given rise to violence against girls, it is also vital to investigate the techniques through which violent practices are maintained despite the changing nature of Nigerian society. Using a critical legal studies approach, I argue that any solution to violence against girls must focus as much on institutional change as it does on social transformation. Exploring violence against girls from this perspective opens up an “institutional complex”, revealing a legal and political system that serves as a tool used by the government and the political elite for consolidating power and legitimising discriminatory principles as traditional values.
Evaluation of the possibilities of 3D-printing for the making of waveguide photonic crystals
Authors: Mikhailov Aleksandr I. , Ryabov Evgeniy А. , Sergeev Sergey A.
Published: September 2022

The paper considers the possibilities of 3D printing technology for the manufacture of X-band waveguide photonic crystals. The photonic crystals for an EIA WR-90 standard rectangular waveguide with a cross section of 22,86 10,16 mm2 in the X-band were designed and manufactured. Numerical modeling of the reflection characteristics of photonic crystals of several designs in the OpenEMS software package was carried out. Based on the simulation results, the best types of the structures were selected, which were manufactured using the physical modeling technique by the fusion method of PETG plastic. Experimental study of the manufactured layouts and comparison of the experimental data with the numerical simulation data were performed. The best types of manufactured models of waveguide photonic crystals showed transmittance and reflection drop in the corresponding frequency bands of the order of 1520 dB, which is acceptable for technical applications. The numerical modeling results are in good agreement with experiments, thus indicating the high efficiency and good control of the topology and dimensions of the manufactured photonic crystals structural elements in the used type of 3D printing technology.
Irregularities in a metal-dielectric shielded waveguide with low losses for the frequency range 90–100 GHz
Authors: Krutskikh Vladislav V. , Ushkov Andrey N. , Ariqat Husam , Zavitaev Denis O. , Mirzoyan Artavazd E.
Published: September 2022

This article is devoted to the study of waveguide metal-dielectric structures in the frequency range of 90100 GHz with low losses up to 0,05 dB/m. The paper considers the effect of sharp irregularities on a section of a regular line, which leads to a change in the parameters of a metal-dielectric closed waveguide path. In practice, irregularities have a negative impact on the transfer characteristic of the waveguide. Therefore, the types of irregularities often found in modern devices were investigated. As a result of the analysis of the losses caused by the rupture of the dielectric rod and the rotation of the polarization plane, the approximated characteristics of the transfer function of the waveguide line with irregularity were obtained.
Antenna array control system with combination of strength and flexible scanning programs
Authors: Vinnik Larisa V. , Mishchenko Sergey E.
Published: September 2022

The structure of the antenna array control system with a combination of strengh and flexible scanning programs is proposed, characterized by the introduction of additional modules of statistics and expert assessments in the feedback circuit between the secondary processing module and hardware and software complexes for the formation of transmitting and receiving antenna array radiation patterns. The implementation of this structure allows for the formation of an additional transmitting and several receiving beams to confirm marks that do not meet the specified detection criterion. An algorithm for controlling an active phased array antenna has been developed, characterized by a procedure for additional confirmation of marks with a low signal-to-noise ratio due to the formation of additional transmitting and receiving beams. The estimates of the gain from the implementation of the proposed structural scheme of the antenna array control system and the algorithm of its functioning are obtained.
Four-wave mixing on thermal nonlinearity with feedback for signal or object waves
Authors: Akimov Aleksandr А. , Guzairov Salavat A. , Ivakhnik Valery V.
Published: September 2022

The coincidence of the amplitude reflection coefficients, half-widths of the spatial frequencies bands of a four-wave radiation converter on thermal nonlinearity with feedback for signal or object waves has been shown at equal pump waves intensity. The dependence of the amplitude reflection coefficient, spatial selectivity of the four-wave radiation converter on thermal nonlinearity on the pump waves intensity has been analyzed. An increase in the half-width of the spatial frequency band is observed with an increase in the pump waves intensity at the compensation for the phase shift arising as a result of the propagation of the pump waves in the medium. There is a threshold value of the pump waves intensity, above which the value of the amplitude reflection coefficient of the four-wave converter with feedback for signal or object waves, is less than in the absence of feedback.
Combinatorial and Multinomial Coefficients and its Computing Techniques for Machine Learning and Cybersecurity
Authors: Annamalai Chinnaraji
Published: September 2022

Mathematical and combinatorial techniques with nonnegative integers are used as computing algorithms for the programs development to apply in artificial intelligence and cybersecurity. Methodological advances in combinatorics and mathematics play a vital role in artificial intelligence and machine learning for data analysis and artificial intelligence-based cybersecurity for protection of the computing systems, devices, networks, programs and data from cyber-attacks. In connection with these ideas, this article is prepared for applications in computing science and cybersecurity. This paper presents computing and combinatorial formulae such as theorems on factorials, binomial, and multinomial coefficients and probability and binomial distributions.