bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CARACTERÍSTICAS Y FACTORES DE RIESGO PARA MORTALIDAD EN PACIENTES HOSPITALIZADOS POR COVID -19 EN UN HOSPITAL PUBLICO EN TACNA
Authors: Hueda Zavaleta Miguel , Copaja Corzo Cesar Augusto , Bardales Silva Fabrizzio , Flores Palacios Rodrigo , Barreto Rocchetti Luis , Benites Zapata Vicente Aleixandre
Published: January 2021

Resumen
Objetivo: El objetivo del estudio fue describir las características clínicas, laboratoriales y de tratamiento en pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19 y determinar los factores de riesgo para mortalidad hospitalaria.
Métodos: Estudio de cohorte retrospectivo de pacientes adultos hospitalizados por COVID-19. Se extrajeron datos clínicos, laboratoriales y de tratamiento de historias clínicas de pacientes que ingresaron al Hospital Nivel III Daniel Alcides Carrión-Tacna. El análisis de supervivencia empleó el modelo de riesgos proporcionales de Cox y se calcularon Hazard Ratio (HR) crudos y ajustados con sus respectivos intervalos de confianza al 95% (IC95%).
Resultados: Se evaluó a 351 pacientes, el 74.1% eran hombres, las comorbilidades más comunes fueron obesidad (31,6%), hipertensión (27.1%) y diabetes mellitus (24.5%). La mediana de tiempo de hospitalización fue 8 días (RIC: 4-15). El 32.9% falleció durante el seguimiento. El análisis multivariado mostró un aumento del riesgo de morir asociada a edad >=65 años HR=3.55 (IC95%:1.70-7.40), incremento de lactato deshidrogenasa >720 U/L HR=2.08 (IC95%:1.34-3.22), y la saturación de oxígeno menor de 90%, principalmente cuando fue menor de 80% HR=4.07 (IC95%:2.10-7.88). Además, dentro del tratamiento, colchicina mostró un efecto protector HR=0.46 (IC95%:0.23-0.91).
Conclusiones: Los factores de riesgo para mortalidad por COVID-19 incluyeron ser mayor de 65 años, tener saturación de oxígeno menor de 90% y elevación del lactato deshidrogenasa >720 U/L; el tratamiento con colchicina podría mejorar el pronóstico de los pacientes.
МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ БИЗНЕС-ПРОЦЕССА УПРАВЛЕНИЯ МАРКЕТИНГОВЫМИ РИСКАМИ
Authors: Чурзина Ольга Аркадьевна
Published: January 2021

В статье, в соответствии с разработанными ранее подходами к управлению маркетинговым риском, рассматривается моделирование бизнес-процесса управления маркетинговыми рисками в стандарте IDEF.
НОВЫЕ ПОДХОДЫ К ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ ЭКОЛОГО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИ ЭФФЕКТИВНОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ УТИЛИЗАЦИЕЙ ТВЁРДЫХ БЫТОВЫХ ОТХОДОВ
Authors: Сафронова Ксения Валентиновна
Published: January 2021

Ежегодный неуклонный рост объемов образующихся отходов ― острая социально-экономическая и экологическая проблема. Переработка отходов в России не занимает какого-либо серьезного положения в сфере производства, хотя мировая практика показывает все возрастающую роль этой отрасли не только в экологии, но и в экономике. Несомненно, что данный вид услуг по своему потенциалу наиболее перспективен. В настоящее время одной из основных проблем, стоящих перед коммунальными хозяйствами практически всех стран, является утилизация отходов. Это требует проведения соответствующих мероприятий как в области законодательства, так и в практической деятельности. Некоторым соображениям по этому поводу посвящена настоящая статья.
КУЛЬТУРА ПОТРЕБЛЕНИЯ СТУДЕНЧЕСКОЙ МОЛОДЕЖИ: ТЕРРИТОРИАЛЬНЫЙ АСПЕКТ
Authors: Иваненко Наталия Сергеевна
Published: January 2021

В представленной статье анализируется влияние территориальности как принадлежности к определенному социально-территориальному пространству на культуру потребления студентов технических вузов. На основании результатов самостоятельного социологического исследования делается вывод о том, что территориальность, выступая способом самоидентификации, определяет предпочтение конкретной модели потребления. Подчеркивается, что территориальность как приверженность определенной культурной традиции способствует выбору модели потребления, ориентированной на развитие личности студента как профессионала, оценка территориальности как «места рождения» определяет выбор модели демонстративного потребления.
КЛАССИФИКАЦИЯ МАКРОЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ РИСКОВ
Authors: Панкратов Алексей Павлович
Published: January 2021

В представленной статье автором рассмотрена дефиниция макроэкономического риска, его свойства и представлена классификация макроэкономических рисков.
Communication Skills and Time Management as the Predictors of Student Motivation
Authors: Demirdağ Seyithan
Published: January 2021

This study examines free time management and communication skills as the predictors of university students’ motivation. The study sample includes 610 undergraduate students in a variety of programs. Of the 610 students, 441 are female, 169 are male, and the mean age is 20.1 years. Their GPA averages range from 1.83 to 3.96 on a 4.0 scale. Data collection tools included three instruments. The relationship between university students' communication skills, free time management, and motivation levels are determined using correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. The findings show that there are positive and meaningful relationships between students' motivation and the subscales of communication skills and free time management. These subscales include goal setting and technique, free time attitude, scheduling, evaluating, respect, ability of expression, desire, democratic attitude, value, and obstacles. In addition, a regression analysis shows that students’ motivation is predicted by their free time management and communication skills.
Hubungan Durasi Tidur dan Perilaku Sedentari dengan Body Mass Index pada Siswa SMA Negeri 3 Ciamis
Authors: Sara Krisbi , Risma Risma , Sutisna Nana
Published: January 2021

Indonesia seperti negara berkembang lainnya mengalami permasalahan obesitas pada remaja. Ada beberapa faktor yang menjadi penyebab terjdinya obesitas  diantaranya adalah durasi tidur dan perilaku sedentari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji hubungan antara durasi tidur dan perilaku sedentari dengan body mass index pada siswa SMA Negeri 3 Ciamis. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode Correlational. Sampel berjumlah 36 orang siswa SMA di Kabupaten Ciamis. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengukur durasi tidur dan perilaku sedentari adalah alat ActivPal, sedangkan untuk mengukur body mass index adalah dengan pengukuran tinggi badan dan berat badan siswa. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, deskripsi, pengujiam hasil penelitian, dan hasil analisis korelasi pearson product moment rx1y = -0,264, bahwa terdapat hubungan negatif antara durasi tidur dengan body mass index dengan kekuatan sangat rendah. rx2y = 0,008, bahwa terdapat hubungan positif antara perilaku sedentari dengan body mass index dengan kekuatan sangat rendah. Sedangkan hasil analisis regresi linear multiples dengan hasil rx12y = 0,339, bahwa terdapat hubungan antar durasi tidur dan perilaku sedentari dengan body mass index.
Public Administration Reform over Time – Did Change Lead to a More Effective Integrity Management?
Authors: Demmke Christoph
Published: January 2021

The following discussion adds to the discourse regarding the relationship between public administration reform and ethics policies. In this theoreti­cal paper, a narrative is employed that re-reads the old Weberian model as a model of ‘institutional integrity’, which is slowly replaced by a public management concept that focuses on individual integrity. Whereas the Weberian concept defined institutional integrity as a quality of institu­tions, more recent management concepts define institutional integrity as a quality of public officers within institutions. This also explains why the current focus of attention is ever more on individuals (as the main cause for unethical conduct) and the bad-person model of integrity. An alterna­tive framing of this paper is about ‘institutional ethics’ over time. During the last decades, we are moving from an institutional, but mechanical and rigid Weberian model, to an individual, but more fluid New Public Management model. We are moving towards a version of institutional in­tegrity that tries to use new behavioural mechanism to get back to some Weberian virtues, without its structures and technical focus. This novel ‘integrity management’ movement is really all about filling the gaps left by New Public Management doctrines. However, the reform of integrity management also develops into a specialised, sophisticated and profes­sionalised ethics bureaucracy. Trends are towards ever more broader and stricter integrity requirements. Still, ethics policies are ineffective and shortcomings in implementing integrity policies are neglected.
‘Sana All’ Inclusive Education amid COVID-19: Challenges, Strategies, and Prospects of Special Education Teachers
Authors: Toquero Cathy Mae Dabi
Published: January 2021

People with Special Educational Needs and Disabilities (SEND) are confronted with diverse challenges as COVID-19 caused tremendous disruption in face-to-face educational settings. Apart from this situation, teachers are also facing difficulties in making their lessons adaptive and responsive to the educational learning needs of people with SEND. This article explores the challenges, strategies, and prospects of teachers for inclusive education during the pandemic. Using a qualitative approach, the researcher gathered data through Messenger chatbot and emails with five special education teachers in the Philippines. Findings revealed that the teachers’ experience educational apprehensions, intermittent virtual socialization, and psychological crisis. However, the teachers assisted the parents in supervising their children with disabilities' through online communication, homeschooling, parental engagement, psychological safety, and empathetic language strategies. The special education teachers also look forward to inclusivity in school policies and government-driven emergency interventions for people with developmental disabilities.
Integrating Green Infrastructure into Urban Planning: Developing Melbourne’s Green Factor Tool
Authors: Bush Judy , Ashley Gavin , Foster Ben , Hall Gail
Published: January 2021

As cities increase in size and density, the ecosystem services supplied by urban greenery and green infrastructure are increasingly vital for sustainable, liveable urban areas. However, retaining and maximising urban greenery in densifying cities is challenging. Governments have critical roles in addressing these challenges through policy development and implementation. While there has been significant attention on the quality and quantity of green space on public land, there is an increasing focus on policy mechanisms for integrating green infrastructure into the private realm, including green roofs, walls, facades, balconies and gardens. As part of City of Melbourne’s efforts to increase greening across the municipality, its 2017 Green Our City Strategic Action Plan includes specific focus on the private realm, and development of regulatory processes for green infrastructure. This article reports on a participatory research project to develop a Green Factor Tool for application to building development proposals in Melbourne. We focus on the transdisciplinary collaborations that brought together contributions from researchers, practitioners, policymakers and designers. We discuss how local research on green space contributions to provision of ecosystem services shaped the design of the tool and provided the tool’s rigorous evidence-base. Finally, we consider the roles of urban planning in retaining and maximising urban green spaces in densifying urban areas.
Health management: fashion trend or promising investment? Overview of corporate health promotion programs
Authors: Andropova O. V.
Published: January 2021

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of disability, premature mortality and economic loss worldwide. Despite the proven effectiveness of preventive measures in reducing the risks of development and progression of cardiovascular diseases, these programs are the most difficult to implement. 75–90 % of visits to primary care physicians in Western Europe and the United States are associated with physical fatigue and stress disorders, back pain and injuries. Studies have shown that workers with risk factors for chronic noncommunicable diseases are often absent from the workplace, have a higher level of disability and lower labor productivity. A worker with depression costs the employer almost 1,5 times more expensive than people without diseases. Elevated glucose levels, arterial hypertension, smoking and obesity cause an increase in the employer’s medical expenses by 34,8; 31,6; 31 and 27,4 %, respectively. The cost of US employers to pay for medical services, to compensate for the absence or ineffective presence due to illness costs $ 200 billion annually – more than $ 1,500 per employee.The health of workers is determined by both risk factors specific to the workplace and general population and individual risks..Modern technologies of health management, changing the profile of the health of labor collectives, can improve the image of the employer and increase the profitability of companies. The return on investment in corporate health programs is from 3 to 10 US dollars for each dollar invested. The programs implemented at the enterprises of the Russian Federation made it possible to reduce the duration of diseases with disability by 20–30 %, reduce mortality and the initial exit to disability by 45–60 %. The widespread introduction of the most effective corporate wellbeing programs of workers in the activities of medical organizations and companies of various profiles will ensure the implementation of the national projects “Healthcare” and “Demography”.
Aortic regurgitation: epidemiologic, etiologic, and pathophysiologic characteristics
Authors: Ignatenko G. A. , Vatutin N. T. , Taradin G. G. , Shevelok A. N. , Rakitskaya I. V.
Published: January 2021

The presented review concerns aortic regurgitation which occupies a significant place in the structure of valvular heart disease. The detailed anatomic and physiologic description of the aortic valve is provided. The characteristics of sinotubular, ventricular-aortic junctions, and virtual aortic annulus are presented. There are data about prevalence of aortic regurgitation on the basis of results of population studies, indicating the increase in incidence of aortic regurgitation among individuals older 70–74 years. The detailed etiologic structure of this valvular pathology is described with specifying of the most common causes of both aortic disease and aortic cusps alterations. In particular, there are some aortic diseases, resulting in acute aortic regurgitation, including acute aortic dissection and paravalvular regurgitation in incompetence of the prosthetic aortic valve; in chronic one – idiopathic dilation of the aortic root, inherited connective tissue dysplasias (Ehlers–Danlos, Marfan, and Loeys–Dietz syndromes), bicuspid aortic valve, aortitis of various origin, seronegative arthropathies (reactive, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis) etc. Infective endocarditis and traumatic exposure are commonly responsible for development of acute regurgitation due to aortic cusps abnormalities. Chronic aortic regurgitation as a consequence valve defects occurs in rheumatic heart disease, degenerative changes, congenital anomalies, systemic connective tissue diseases (systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis), non-specific aortoarteritis, etc. The special attention is paid to pathophysiologic features of acute and chronic aortic regurgitation in the review. Acute aortic regurgitation is characterized by sudden increase in end-diastolic volume and due to the noncompliant left ventricle of normal size, it undergoes abrupt exposure a significant pre-load and after-load which results in decrease of left ventricle systolic function and stroke volume despite on relative preservation of contractile function of myocardium. In contrast to acute aortic regurgitation it is remarkable in its chronic form slow, progressive influence by increased overload of the left ventricle with possibility to adapt driven by its gradual dilation and hypertrophy.
Paleoseismic Trenching Reveals Late Quaternary Kinematics of the Leech River Fault: Implications for Forearc Strain Accumulation in Northern Cascadia
Authors: Harrichhausen Nicolas , Morell Kristin D. , Regalla Christine , Bennett Scott E. K. , Leonard Lucinda J. , Lynch Emerson M. , Nissen Edwin
Published: January 2021

New paleoseismic trenching indicates late Quaternary oblique right-lateral slip on the Leech River fault, southern Vancouver Island, Canada, and constrains permanent forearc deformation in northern Cascadia. A south-to-north reduction in northward Global Navigation Satellite System velocities and seismicity across the Olympic Mountains, Strait of Juan de Fuca (JDF), and the southern Strait of Georgia, has been used as evidence for permanent north–south crustal shortening via thrust faulting between a northward migrating southern forearc and rigid northern backstop in southwestern Canada. However, previous paleoseismic studies indicating late Quaternary oblique right-lateral slip on west-northwest-striking forearc faults north of the Olympic Mountains and in the southern Strait of Georgia are more consistent with forearc deformation models that invoke oroclinal bending and(or) westward extrusion of the Olympic Mountains. To help evaluate strain further north across the Strait of JDF, we present the results from two new paleoseismic trenches excavated across the Leech River fault. In the easternmost Good Hope trench, we document a vertical fault zone and a broad anticline deforming glacial till. Comparison of till clast orientations in faulted and undeformed glacial till shows evidence for postdeposition faulted till clast rotation, indicating strike-slip shear. The orientation of opening mode fissuring during surface rupture is consistent with right-lateral slip and the published regional SHmax directions. Vertical separation and the formation of scarp-derived colluvium along one fault also indicate a dip-slip component. Radiocarbon charcoal dating within offset glacial till and scarp-derived colluvium suggest a single surface rupturing earthquake at 9.4±3.4  ka. The oblique right-lateral slip sense inferred in the Good Hope trench is consistent with slip kinematics observed on other regional west-northwest-striking faults and indicates that these structures do not accommodate significant north–south shortening via thrust faulting.
A Conceptual Approach to Identify Factors Affecting the Digital Transformation of Micro, Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (MSMEs) during Covid-19 Pandemic in Indonesia
Authors: Wiliandri Ruly -
Published: January 2021

This article aims to identify both internal and external factors that influence the Digital Transformation (DT) process of Micro, Small, and Medium-sized Enterprises (MSMEs) during the  COVID-19 pandemic. The Covid-19 pandemic, which hits all countries including Indonesia, forces business entities, including MSMEs, to digitally transform their business process. The government’s policies on physical distancing and Large-Scale Social Restriction in several regions greatly impacts MSMEs’ activities i.e. decreasing demands or sales up to 60%. The government’s support for improving the telecommunications infrastructure and a digital ecosystem plays an essential role in accelerating DT. Besides, the government’s initiative to establish business centers can also promote DT of the MSMEs. Moreover, this article describes the challenges faced by MSMEs in carrying out DT during the pandemic. This article applied a conceptual approach to explore the influential factors, both internal and external factors of DT process for MSMEs. Besides, this article will explain DT of MSMEs based on capability and the ecosystem perspectives. As this article suggests, considering those factors will broaden our understanding of MSMEs’ efforts to digitalise their business. The digital transformation model via business centers establishment can encourage MSMEs to go digital.
Regulation of in vitro and in vivo Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation by the Ayrl Hydrocarbon Receptor
Authors: Rayavara Veerabhadraiah Shivakumar
Published: January 2021

Liver fibrosis is a pathological condition characterized by the excessive deposition
of extracellular matrix material by activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). We recently
reported that activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a ligand-activated
transcription factor, with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) increases
HSC activation in vitro and in mouse models of experimental liver fibrosis.
The goal of this project was to determine the mechanism by which AhR activation impacts
HSC activation and the subsequent development of liver fibrosis. It is possible that
HSCs are direct cellular targets for TCDD. Alternatively, TCDD could increase HSC
activation indirectly by exacerbating hepatocyte damage and inflammation. To investigate
this, we generated mice in which the AhR was selectively removed from either hepatocytes
or HSCs to determine the ramifications on liver injury, inflammation, and HSC activation
in an experimental model of liver fibrosis elicited by chronic administration of TCDD.
Results from these studies indicate that TCDD does not directly activate HSCs in the mouse
liver to produce fibrosis. Instead, it appears that TCDD-induced changes in hepatocytes,
such as the development of steatosis, are what ultimately stimulate HSC activation and produce
fibrosis. A second focus of this project was to investigate an endogenous role for AhR signaling
in the regulation of HSC activation in the absence of liver injury and inflammation. To this end,
I used CRISPR/Cas9 technology to knock down the AhR in the human HSC cell line, LX-2. I
discovered that a functional AhR is required for optimal proliferation of activated HSCs.
However, other endpoints of HSC activation, such as the production of collagen type I, were
not impacted by the removal of AhR signaling. These findings are important because the AhR has
been shown to be a druggable target, and there is growing interest in therapeutically modulating
AhR activity to prevent or reverse HSC activation. Collectively, results from this project
indicate that therapeutically targeting AhR signaling in hepatocytes, instead of AhR signaling
in HSCs, might be a preferred approach for limiting HSC activation and preventing or diminishing liver fibrosis.
Diplomatic Intervention and the Effects of Third-Party State Power on Intrastate War Outcome
Authors: Sandberg Alexann
Published: January 2021

This paper seeks to examine the role third-party states may play as diplomatic intervenors in intrastate wars. Because diplomatic interventions seek settlement outcomes over military victory, understanding the efficacy of these interventions may provide support for their usage over non-diplomatic options. I hypothesize that third-party state power, in the form of military, economic, and political capabilities, will impact the likelihood of diplomatic intervention outcome; more powerful third-party states will have a greater likelihood of producing preferred outcomes. I use 12 multinomial regression models to examine this relationship. I find that economic capabilities are the only factor of state power that produce a significant relationship with partial settlement only. Assessing this relationship, I suggest states with higher levels of economic production and consumption may have positive, yet also limited, impacts as diplomatic intervenors in intrastate war.
Effect of age at cochlear implantation on speech and auditory performance
Authors: Alam Mohammed Iftekharul , Asaduzzaman A. K. M. , Hossain Mohammad K. , Hossain M. Belal , Mahmud Tasnia
Published: January 2021

Background: Cochlear implants (CI) are currently widely accepted as treatment for patients with severe bilateral hearing loss. The outcomes of cochlear implantation among post lingual and crossover patients measuring surgical and functional outcomes and identifying areas which require further attention or improvement.

Methods: This is retrospective clinical study was performed in a total of 80 children purposively screened from the patients who attended the outpatient clinic with complaints of hearing, speech or language impairment. The study group consisted those children who fit into the candidacy norms for cochlear implantation at the Department of ENT and Head-Neck Surgery, Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka from January 2017 to June 2019. Children with bilateral severe to profound sensori-neural hearing loss, age less than 5 years and prelingual deafness was included in this study.  

Results: Mean categorical auditory performance (CAP) and speech intelligibility rating (SIR) at 6 month and 12 month were statistically significant (p<0.05) compare with at 3 month. The mean post-operative CAP score was found significantly increased at 6, 12 and 24 month follow up age ≤3 years than >3 years (p<0.05). The mean post-operative SIR score was found significantly increased at 6, 12 and 24 month follow up in children age ≤3 years than >3 years (p<0.05).

Conclusions: The majority of implanted have significantly gained auditory improvement as shown by the CAP and SIR scores in both group. Comparison between age group CAP and SIR score was significantly increased when children age <3 years than >3 years.
Morphometic cadaveric analysis of thyroid cartilage in Indian adults with comparative review of studies on other ethnic population
Authors: Sahoo Satyanjaya , Mallick Ajay , Sethi Ashwani , Joshi Himanshu , Ghotra Aroma
Published: January 2021

Background: The larynx besides being used in respiration, performs the function of production of voice. A thorough knowledge of relevant surgical anatomy is a must for any surgeon before performing laryngeal framework surgery (LFS). Most of the relevant anatomic details for LFS are based on Western population and the studies based on Indian population are extremely scarce. We propose to undertake this study in order to understand the relevant anatomy of the thyroid cartilage in adult Indian population and to compare these dimensions with those studied in the western population as available in literature.

Methods: Fifty-two samples of adult thyroid cartilage (35 males and 17 females) taken from cadavers were analysed. Digital Vernier callipers & goniometer were used to take morphometric measurements of the Thyroid cartilage to see for normal variation, sex differences and bilateral asymmetry. Observation were analysed by calculating mean & SD.  

Results: Most parameters measured in thyroid cartilage did not show significant difference in males & females. All the parameters of thyroid cartilage except thyroid angle were higher in males than females. Bilateral asymmetry in the size of thyroid lamina was seen in majority of specimens though not statistically significant.

Conclusions: The detailed study of thyroid cartilage in the form of morphometric parameters of thyroid cartilage is useful for anatomists, radiologists, reconstructive and ENT surgeons. Comparison with other populations in the world reveals that the absolute values differ in different populations which could be due to differences in body built, racial differences and age group of cadavers.
Prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss in patients with head and neck malignancy who underwent chemotherapy and or radiotherapy
Authors: Jacob Anu , Jino M. Erin , K. P. Gopakumar , Kumar Chethan , T. Kiren
Published: January 2021

Background: Our study aimed to focus on the importance of the rate at which the sensory neural hearing loss (SNHL) is caused by chemotherapy (CT) and or radiotherapy (RT). This study also tells about the importance of informing the patient and the caretakers prior to the start of treatment for carcinoma, so that they can be prepared for it if it happens.  

Methods: Total 75 patients who were diagnosed to have any form of head and neck malignancy formed the study group. Pure tone audiometry was recorded pre-treatment, one month after treatment and six months after treatment. All the data obtained were bio statistically analysed by running in SPSS software version 26.   

Results: There is a correlation between CT, RT and concurrent chemo radiotherapy (CRT) and SNHL. It is also found that most of the patients who have undergone CRT suffered SNHL in the long run.  

Conclusions: It is high time the patients are made aware of the side effects like SNHL before the start of the proposed treatment. This will allow them to be prepared and then face it.  

 
A study to assess the outcomes following tonsillectomy in patients who were administered only prophylactic pre-operative antibiotics vis-à-vis patients who were administered both pre and post-operative antibiotics
Authors: Shah Shikha , Thomas James , Sonar Tejal , Kancherla Srinithya , Bhatnagar Aastha
Published: January 2021

Background: Tonsillectomy is one of the common operative surgery performed by an ENT surgeon. With aim to reduce the hospital stay and post-operative complications, the use of antibiotics has become every common.

Methods: 40 patients undergoing tonsillectomy were recruited into the study subsequent to obtaining informed consent. The patients were divided in to two groups, group A and group B. Both the groups were given tablet amoxicillin with clavulanic acid orally for 3 days prior to surgery and subsequently were administered injection amoxicillin and clavulanic acid intravenously 1 hour prior to surgery pre operatively. Only group A patients were given injection amoxicillin and clavulanic acid intravenously 12 hourly for 5 days in the post-operative period. The patients from both the groups were assessed on the following criteria: pain, slough in the tonsillar fossa, fever, clot formation and return to normal daily activities.  

Results: Both the groups were comparable with regard to demographics, post-operative infections, post-operative pain and time to return to normal daily activities. There was no cognisant difference for all the parameters assessed.

Conclusions: Administration of antibiotics in patients undergoing tonsillectomy can be restricted to pre-operative antibiotics only as giving antibiotics post-operatively does not affect the clinical outcome and also prevents indiscriminate use of antibiotics which can lead to mutant antibiotic resistant strains of bacteria which can also have an economic impact.

 
A rare case of a solitary laryngeal xanthoma and its clinical implications in a developing country like India
Authors: Basavarajaiah Bharathi Murundi , De Kumar Shankar , Suryanarayan Rao Rakesh Bambore , Rudrappa Babu Ambale
Published: January 2021

We present a rare case of a solitary laryngeal xanthoma in a 42 year old male, with complaints of hoarseness and change in voice since1 year. Direct laryngoscopic examination revealed a smooth textured polyp like mass arising from anterior 1/3rd of left vocal cord. No other similar lesions were noted anywhere else on his body. Microlaryngeal excision of mass was done and sent for histopathological examination, which showed fragments of stratified squamous epithelium with sub-epithelium displaying sheets of foamy cells. Immunohistochemistry was positive for CD68 and a diagnosis of solitary laryngeal xanthoma was arrived at. Follow up of the patient showed no recurrence but investigations revealed dyslipidemia, which was newly detected. Hence a diagnosis of a solitary laryngeal xanthoma, even without any other lesions, warrants a thorough investigative workup, including lipid profile, even in patients who are not known cases of dyslipidemia. This becomes especially important in a country like India, where a large number of cases of dyslipidemia go undetected; leading to atherosclerosis and even cardiac events in the future.
Utilizando a hidroponia para produção agrícola residencial
Authors: Nascimento Alinne Priscila Silva , Dantas Ana Beatriz Avelino , Araújo Bruno Allisson , Lira Valnyr Vasconcelos
Published: January 2021

A hidroponia, cuja origem etimológica é oriunda do grego: hidro = água + ponos = trabalho, consiste em um conjunto de técnicas empregadas para cultivar plantas sem o uso do solo, sendo os nutrientes minerais essenciais fornecidos às plantas na forma de uma solução nutritiva. Nesta pesquisa são apresentadas as etapas iniciais para o desenvolvimento do projeto de um sistema hidropônico de pequeno porte para produção agrícola residencial, constituído de duas bancadas: a primeira para germinação das sementes, chamada de "maternidade", e a segunda para o desenvolvimento das plantas até a fase adulta para sua devida colheita. Com a finalização do projeto básico e a respectiva montagem do sistema, serão realizados testes e análises para melhorar a produção e baixar os custos de implementação, de forma que possa ser utilizado por famílias da região de Esperança como forma de garantir uma produção familiar sustentável.
Estudo investigativo a respeito da situação dos edifícios de caráter histórico da Cidade de São Sebastião do Umbuzeiro – PB
Authors: Brito Walter Bruno Pereira , Silva Thallyta Maria Medeiros
Published: January 2021

O trabalho em questão, tem como objetivo principal, examinar, descrever e caracterizar os tipos manutenções realizadas nos edifícios de caráter histórico no município de São Sebastião do Umbuzeiro – PB e suas necessidades, fomentando as relações as quais esses imóveis possuem com a sociedade a qual está inserida. A metodologia que se enquadrou no estudo se desenvolve por meio de uma pesquisa direta e indireta, onde a busca pelos dados aconteceu com visitas técnicas in loco, assim como passou por uma pesquisa com auxílio de documentos. A pesquisa relatou deterioração em ambas as fachadas com exceção da igreja, contudo, algumas manutenções já ocorreram e tiveram êxito. Sendo assim, pode-se entender que, o patrimônio tombado possui características de grande importância no que se refere a preservação do conhecimento histórico da sociedade em questão, tornando-se necessário a preservação do mesmo como forma de manter o legado dos fundadores do município.
Desenvolvimento de tecnologias sociais auxiliares para recuperação de áreas degradadas: o Jornal Ambiental News
Authors: Fidelis Amanda Silva , Ferreira Mirlley Hanna Monteiro , Albuquerque Maria Eduarda Campos Lins , Silva Lyvia Lima , Lucena Marcos Paulo Sousa , Silveira Thyago Almeida
Published: January 2021

Durante o Órbita 2020 do IFPB Campus Cabedelo foi elaborado o Ambiental News, um telejornal informativo para conscientização do público acerca da Recuperação de Áreas Degradadas (RAD) aliadas ao 15° objetivo da Agenda 2030, que é Vida Terrestre. A metodologia utilizada levou em consideração a elaboração do roteiro, gravação, edição e publicação do jornal Ambiental News. Por fim, o Jornal Ambiental News buscou contextualizar a problemática das áreas degradadas frente aos objetivos pra informar ao público sobre a degradação ambiental e formas de reverter esse problema mundial.
Reversible inhibition of sperm under guidance as an intratubular and reversible contraception in female rats: An experimental study
Authors: Salam Ansari Abdul , Sevliya Kiran , Badar Ayesha , Kumar Lohiya Nirmal
Published: January 2021

Background: Reversible inhibition of sperm under guidance (“RISUG®”) is a promising intravasal male contraceptive.
Objective: An exploratory study was conducted with a concept of non-invasive, transcervical, single-intervention and reversible contraception using RISUG® in females.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 60 adult Wistar albino female rats weighing 150-155 g, 3-4 months old were divided into four groups: group I: sham-operated control; group II: tubal occlusion with RISUG for 90 days; group III: tubal occlusion with RISUG® for 90 days and reversal with dimethyl sulphoxide and group IV: tubal occlusion with RISUG® for 90 days and reversal with 5% NaHCO3. Animals were subjected to bilateral fallopian tube occlusion with RISUG® and reversal with DMSO and NaHCO3. The estrous cycle, fertility and histology of fallopian tube were evaluated.
Results: Group I showed 100% fertility during all mating schedules. Animals of experimental groups indicated positive mating, but 0% fertility was evident following 30, 60, and 90 days of tubal occlusion. However, after reversal, fertility steadily increased to normalcy in groups III (50% at 45 days, 80% at 105 days, 100% at 150 and 195 days) and IV (70% at 45 and 105 days, 100% at 150 and 195 days) animals. Group II illustrated disorganized inner cell linings and eosinated RISUG® implant-filled lumen. Reversal groups (III and IV) revealed complete restoration of cellular histo-architecture. Regular estrous cycle was noticed in all experimental groups.
Conclusion: RISUG® is suitable for single intervention, intratubular, reversible contraception in female rats.
Key words: Contraception, Fallopian tube, Tubal occlusion, RISUG®, Reversible.
Culture density of menstrual blood-derived stromal/stem cells determines the quality of T cell responses: An experimental study
Authors: Nikoo Shohreh , Ebtekar Massoumeh , Jeddi-Tehrani Mahmood , Bozorgmehr Mahmood , Zarnani Amir-Hassan
Published: January 2021

Background: Menstrual blood-derived stromal/stem cells (MenSCs) are a new population of refreshing and highly proliferative stem cells. Immunomodulatory effects of MenSCs profoundly depend on their relative density.
Objective: To find whether MenSCs cultured at varying numbers would differentially affect the allogenic peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) key features.
Materials and Methods: PBMCs were co-cultured with various MenSCs numbers. PBMCs proliferation was investigated via 3H-thymidine incorporation. Flow cytometry was used to assess human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR, HLA-ABC, HLA-G, and costimulatory markers on MenSCs and the percentage of regulatory T cells (Tregs) among PBMCs. The concentration of cytokines was determined in supernatant of co-cultures.
Results: The support of PBMCs proliferation at low MenSCs densities correlated with higher levels of pro-inflammatory interferon gamma (IFN-γ) in MenSCs/PBMCs co-culture and increased expression of HLA-DR by MenSCs. On the other hand, the suppressive property of MenSCs at higher densities was independent of Treg frequency, but correlated with a high concentration of Interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10 in the co-cultures.
Conclusion: Totally, at different seeding densities, MenSCs could differentially interact with PBMCs leading to significant changes in the level of anti- and/or pro-inflammatory factors. These preliminary in vitro results are suggested to be taken into consideration in experimental models of MenSC-based immunomodulation. Nonetheless, for efficient utilization of MenSCs anti-inflammatory features in pre-clinical disease models, we still need to broaden our knowledge on MenSC-immune system cross-talk; this could play a part in designing more optimized MenSCs injection modalities in the case of future pre-clinical and subsequently clinical settings.
Key words: Menstrual, Stromal cells, T cell response, Interferon-
Comparison of three sperm selection methods for ICSI-DGC, Cumulus column, and incubation with supernatant product of adipose tissue-derived adult stem cells: An experimental study
Authors: Yazdanpanah Zeynab , Heydari Nasrabadi Mitra , Piravar Zeynab
Published: January 2021

Background: The examination of sperm parameters and sperm DNA integrity are necessary for male fertility expression. These parameters can be affected by the method of sperm separation.
Objective: To measure the damage of each sperm separation method on the sperm parameters and sperm DNA integrity.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, semen samples of 20 infertile men with asthenoteratozoospermia (Infertility Research Center, Qom, Iran, 2017) were processed in three ways: density gradient centrifugation (DGC), cumulus column, and incubation with supernatant products of adipose tissue-derived adult stem cells (SPAS). The results of sperm parameters and DNA fragmentation before and after the process were statistically analyzed.
Results: The number of separated sperms by normal morphologies during the SPAS and the cumulus column was significantly more than the corresponding population in the DGC group. In addition, although all three methods have the same ability to increase total sperm motility and the number of recovered sperms, in the field of forwarding movement and DNA fragmentation, the SPAS method performed more efficiently (p = 0.021).
Conclusion: Sperm parameters and DNA fragmentation in the SPAS group were better than those in the DGC and cumulus column groups. Furthermore, it has been shown that the sperm capacity was increased with the SPAS method. However, the rearrangement of sperm chromatin by reducing the disulfide bridges and providing the possibility of re-histone over capacity causes a significant reduction in DNA fragmentation.
Key words: Sperm, DNA fragmentation, Cumulus oophorus column, SPAS.
Influence of Distributed Dislocations on Stability of Hollow Nonlinearly Elastic Sphere
Authors: Goloveshkina Evgeniya V.
Published: January 2021

The phenomenon of stability loss of a hollow elastic sphere containing distributed dislocations and loaded with external hydrostatic pressure is studied. The study was carried out in the framework of the nonlinear elasticity theory and the continuum theory of continuously distributed dislocations. An exact statement and solution of the stability problem for a three-dimensional elastic body with distributed dislocations are given. The static problem of nonlinear elasticity theory for a body with distributed dislocations is reduced to a system of equations consisting of equilibrium equations, incompatibility equations with a given dislocation density tensor, and constitutive equations of the material. The unperturbed state is caused by external pressure and a spherically symmet-ric distribution of dislocations. For distributed edge dislocations in the framework of a harmonic (semi-linear) mate-rial model, the unperturbed state is defined as an exact spherically symmetric solution to a nonlinear boundary value problem. This solution is valid for any function that characterizes the density of edge dislocations. The perturbed equilibrium state is described by a boundary value problem linearized in the neighborhood of the equilibrium. The analysis of the axisymmetric buckling of the sphere was performed using the bifurcation method. It consists in determining the equilibrium positions of an elastic body, which differ little from the unperturbed state. By solving the linearized problem, the value of the external pressure at which the sphere first loses stability is found. The effect of dislocations on the buckling of thin and thick spherical shells is analyzed.
Method for the Synthesis of Adaptive Algorithms for Estimating the Parameters of Dynamic Systems Based on the Decomposition Principle and the Joint Maximum Methodology
Authors: Kostoglotov Andrey A. , Penkov Anton S. , Lazarenko Sergey V.
Published: January 2021

A method of synthesis of a filter for estimating the state of dynamic systems of Kalman type with an adaptive model built on the basis of the principle of decomposition of the system using kinematic relations from the condition of constancy of motion invariants has been developed. The structure of the model is determined from the condition of the maximum function of the generalized power up to a nonlinear synthesizing function that determines the rate of dissipation and, accordingly, the degree of structural adaptation. The resulting model has an explicit relation with the gradient of the estimation error functional, which makes it possible to adapt to the intensity of regular and random influences and can be used to construct a filter for estimating the state of the Kalman structure. On the basis of the developed method, a discrete algorithm is obtained and its comparative analysis with the classical Kalman filter is carried out.
Analytical Estimates of the Water Drop Spreading Process with Percolation Effect
Authors: Adzhiev Anatoly H. , Lesev Vadim N. , Kupovykh Gennady V.
Published: January 2021

To solve the problems of active influence on thunderstorm clouds, the physical mechanism of artificial formation of water and ice germs in the cloud environment is theoretically studied. Based on the Gibbs-Vollmer theory of new phase formation, it follows that the defining parameters in the formation of embryos are the interphase energies at the vapor - water - reagent boundaries and the wetting edge angle. The active process of water spreading over a water-soluble flat horizontal substrate is studied using analytical methods. It is established that the process of interfacial interaction is metastable, in addition, the spreading process is characterized by the presence of direct contact zone between two phases in which the formation of a new compound is delayed. A theoretical evaluation of individual parameters of the system under gravitational spreading without the influence of other external fields is made. Two problems were solved: determining the dynamics of the free surface of the liquid phase and finding the boundaries of liquid propagation in the substrate. An analytical expression defining the contact angle is obtained. It is shown that the expressions defining the process main parameters of spreading a drop with simultaneous impregnation of the substrate, accompanied by a loss of mass of the liquid through the contact spot on the border of the two phases, are almost equivalent to the relations describing the process of mass loss when spreading an easily evaporating liquid.
Analysis of Definition and Methods of Land Plots Formation
Authors: Soboleva Olga N. , Koloshina Galina V.
Published: January 2021

Introduction. The paper is aimed at analyzing the concept and methods of forming land plots that exist at the present time and provided for by the current legislation. The authors seek to identify the problems of formulating a unified legal terminology that obviously has great theoretical and practical importance. Research result. The paper takes a new look at the present-day methods of land plot formation the peculiarities of setting plots on the state cadastral registration for each method. In addition, it presents the definition of the concept of “formation of land plots”, which tends to fills the gaps in domestic land and cadastral legislation. Discussion and conclusions. The results can be used to clarify and make changes in the methodology of land formation.
USO DO SOLO E A ESTACIONALIDADE CLIMÁTICA AFETAM OS ATRIBUTOS BIOLÓGICOS DO SOLO?
Authors: Ramos Michele Ribeiro , Uhlmann Alexandre , Justen Lidia , Freire Talita Maia , Panta Daniel Alves de Souza
Published: January 2021

A instabilidade climática e o uso e manejo inadequado do solo podem contribuir para degradação do solo? Considerando as condições de clima e uso do bioma cerrado dentro da área da Amazônia legal, como a última fronteira agrícola do país, objetivou-se avaliar a biomassa e respiração microbiana, bem como o quociente metabólico do solo em diferentes usos e em dois períodos críticos (úmido e muito seco) no município de Palmas, Estado do Tocantins. Trata-se de áreas de Latassolos Vermelho-Amarelo distrófico de classes texturais semelhantes. Utilizou-se de coleta de amostras deformadas com uso de trado na camada superficial e os parâmetros foram medidos utilizando a metodologia de respiração induzida. De maneira geral, os diferentes usos do solo alteraram a biomassa e respiração microbiana e a estacionalidade climática afetou somente a respiração microbiana. E a relação entre a respiração e biomassa medidos através do quociente metabólico indicou não haver diferença entre os usos, porém no período seco o cultivo orgânico demonstrou-se mais estável.