bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
नेपाली साहित्यमा पूर्वीय दर्शनको प्रभाव {Influence of Eastern Philosophy on Nepali Literature}
Authors: गडतौला Gadtaula नारायण Narayan
Published: June 2023

नेपाली साहित्यमा प्रारम्भ कालदेखि नै पूर्वीय दर्शनको प्रभाव रहेको देखिन्छ । पूर्वीय दर्शनका मूलभूत स्रोतहरू वेद, उपनिषद्, रामायण, महाभारत, सूत्रग्रन्थ, बौद्ध तथा जैन साहित्य आदि रहेका छन् । वैदिक कृतिहरूमा स्थापित प्रकृति र समाजको बहुलता, औपनिषदिक आत्मा र ब्रह्म चैतन्यको शाश्वतता, पौराणिक समन्वयवाद, बौद्ध शून्यवाद र जैन स्याद्वाद जस्ता चिन्तनले नेपाली साहित्यमा प्रभाव पारेको तथ्यलाई यहाँ विभिन्न उदाहरणबाट स्पष्ट गरिएको छ । यी चिन्तनबाट नेपाली साहित्यमा जीवन र जगत्सम्बन्धी विविध विचार विकास भएका छन् जसमा सृष्टि, विकास एवं विनाशको अनन्त चक्रसँगै मानवको नियति सम्बन्धी विचार पर्दछन । मानव आफनो कर्मले आफूलाई सभ्यताको उचाइतर्फ लैजाने उच्च चैतन्य प्राणी भए पनि ब्रह्माण्डको बृहत्प्रणालीमा ऊ निरीह बन्न विवश भएको सत्यलाई पनि नेपाली सर्जकहरूले आप्mना कृतिको विचारभूमि बनाएको देखिन्छ । प्रकृति र समाजमा विद्यमान बहुलता व्यावहारिक सत्य भए पनि परमार्थतः अद्वैतको ऐकान्तिक सत्यकै विवर्त वा परिणामका रुपमा दृश्यप्रपञ्चलाई स्विकारेर सामाजिक स्दभाव, भ्रातृत्व विश्वबन्धुत्व, व्यापक पर्यावरणीय सहअस्तित्व जस्ता चिन्तनलाई नेपाली सर्जकहरूले आत्मसात गरेका छन् भन्ने निष्कर्षलाई कृतिकै साक्ष्यको सूक्ष्म पठन विधिद्द्वारा स्थापित गरिएको छ ।
भरतपुर महानगरपालिकाको प्रशासनिक संरचनाको ऐतिहासिक अध्ययन {A Historical study of the Administrative Structure of Bharatpur Metropolitan Municipality}
Authors: रेग्मी Regmi राजेन्द्रप्रसाद Rajendraprasad
Published: June 2023

वि.सं. २०१७ सालमा राजनीतिक व्यवस्थामा भएको परिवर्तनका साथसाथै नेपालको प्रशासनिक संरचना र स्वरूपमा पनि परिवर्तन भयो । यसैक्रममा २०१८ साल वैशाखमा १४ अञ्चल ७५ जिल्ला कायम हुने भन्ने घोषणा भयो । हरेक जिल्लालाई विभिन्न गाउँ/नगर पञ्चायतमा विभाजन गरी नामकरण गरियो । नवगठित गाउँ÷नगर पञ्चायत, जिल्ला पञ्चायत, अञ्चल पञ्चायत र राष्ट्रिय पञ्चायतको निर्वाचनको व्यवस्था भयो । समय समयमा भएको राजनीतिक, भौगोलिक तथा जनसांख्यिक फेरबदलको अवस्थालाई ख्याल गरी समय समयमा स्थानीय स्वरूप र संरचनामा फेरबदल भयो । ती प्रशासनिक निकायहरूमा समय समयमा नयाँ नयाँ जनप्रतिनिधिहरू निर्वाचित तथा मनोनित भए । २०६२-६३को लोकतान्त्रिक आन्दोलन र २०७२ सालको नेपालको संविधान परिकल्पना गरे अनुसार नेपालका ६ महानगरपालिका ११ उपमहानगरपालिका, २७६ नगरपालिका र ४६० गाउँपालिका गरी जम्मा ८३० स्थानीय निकायको गठन भयो । जसमध्येको हालको भरतपुर महानगरपालिकाले ओगटेको क्षेत्रस्थीत विभिन्न गाउँ-नगर पञ्चायत, गा.वि.स., नगरपालिकासहित हालको भरतपुर महानगरपालिकाको प्रशासनिक संरचना, स्वरूप र निर्वाचनको प्रस्ट चित्र उतार्न यो खोज–अध्ययनको प्रयास गरिएको हो । यस खोज–अध्ययनमा प्राथमिक तथा सहायक दुवै स्रोतहरूको प्रयोग गरिएको छ । प्राथमिक स्रोतहरूमा कार्यालयहरूमा रहेका अभिलेखहरू, सरकारी दस्तावेजहरू, समय समयमा प्रशासनिक दायित्वमा रहेका महानुभाव, विभिन्न तह र निकायमा निर्वाचित पदाधिकारीहरूसंगको भेटवार्ताहरू रहेका छन् भने सहायक स्रोतहरूमा विभिन्न समयमा प्रकाशित साहित्यिक प्रकाशनहरू, संबन्धित समयका पत्रपत्रिकाहरू प्रयोग गरिएको छ । प्रस्तुत खोज–अध्ययनमा भरतपुर महानगरपालिकाको भौगोलिक अवस्थिति, ऐतिहासिकता र नामकरणको साथै भरतपुर गाउँपञ्चायत हुँदै भरतपुर नगरपालिका भरतपुर उपमहानगरपालिका र महानगरपालिकासम्मको पुनःसंरचना, वि.सं.२०१८ वि.सं.२०२३, वि.सं.२०२६, वि.सं.२०२९, वि.सं.२०३५. वि.सं.२०३९ वि.सं.२०४३-४४, वि.सं.२०४९ वि.सं.२०५४, २०६२-६३ को जनआन्दोलन, वि.सं.२०७३ पछिको स्थानीय निकाय पुनरसंरचना पछिको प्रशासनिक संरचना, स्वरूप तथा निर्वाचनबाट निर्वाचित जनप्रतिनिधिहरूको विवरण उल्लेख गरिनुका साथै भरतपुर महानगरपालिकाका निर्वाचित मनोनित जनप्रतिनिधिहरूको सम्बन्धमा उल्लेख गरिएको छ । आवश्यकता अनुसार विभिन्न शीर्षक उपशीर्षकहरू राखेर प्रस्ट पार्ने प्रयास गरिएको छ । अध्ययनको दायरा सीमित रहेका कारण यसको विवेचनाको पाटो पुरै बाँकी रहेको छ ।
Applicability of Visual Arts in the Age of Globalization
Authors: Acharya Bipin
Published: June 2023

This research article focuses on the relevance of visual art in the age of globalization. It also depicts the visual culture as an inevitable genre to enhance the humanities through arts. The digitization of arts through technology in terms of painting, photography, film, dance and sculpture is knocking the door of globalization in order to flourish the significance of arts in the modern world. The article varies the arts and other humanities on the basis of their contribution in revealing and reflecting the social norms and values. Similarly, the research moves around the matter of interconnectedness between arts and other humanities since commercialization of arts has created an immediate and superficial satisfaction. It focuses on the ethics of visual culture and the must values it should carry on to reveal in the global world as arts belong to all particular geography or locality equally. The influence of media technology has been a milestone to internalize the visual arts under the umbrella of visual culture. The article explores the significance of the visual culture in the age of globalization whether it serves the humanity through its aesthetic value or not.
The Spiritual Anguish in John Webster’s The Duchess of Malfi
Authors: Neupane Dipesh
Published: June 2023

This paper attempts to explore the fusion between the mundane world and the world of spirituality and religiosity in the paly- The Duchess of Malfi. It shows how two worlds are inseparable and how their integrity is inevitable in human life. Whatever mundane and material life people live, they ultimately seek the blessings from the supreme divine to attain the peace and bliss. Since death is the ultimate destination life, ultimately people idealize it as the gate to enter into the world of eternity. This study attempts to answer the questions: why and how do people of the mundane world surrender to the supreme divinity ultimately? and what circumstances lead people to utter the name of heavenly abode? This paper conceptualizes the theoretical frameworks of spiritualism to invigorate the study in the play. The contrast and the fusion between Materialism and Spiritualism are remarkable aspects of this study. The life of the duchess of Malfi and her tragic end with her spiritual anguish echo the value of the amalgamation between the spiritual life and the material visions. It is difficult for human beings to escape from spiritual outpourings at the time of sufferings, hardships and even the tragic end i.e. death. Therefore, human life becomes complete, meaningful and worth living only through the combination of both notions. Life lived in isolation form spiritual notions does not become saucy and juicy. The supremacy of the spiritual over the physical, of the soul over the body is asserted in this study to make people conscious of his spiritual superiority in life.
After all, in reality nature cannot create itself! (Once again about the true mechanisms of evolution)
Authors: Ashursky Emir E.
Published: June 2023

How much long the human civilization exists on Earth, so much time there are practically continuous disputes between supporters of creationism and evolutionism. At that in corresponding arguments, the former usually emphasize the astonishing complexity of live systems what's deliberately thereby associated with a pretty far-fetched chance of their self-emergence. While the latter flaunt about own totally unbiased reasoning which doesn’t require introduction of additional entities.
Insofar as, to a certain extent, both of them prove to be right, so having analyzed all the scientific information at our disposal, we decided that it would be correct to try anyway to combine these, at first gaze, opposite ideas into a single whole.
Thus, if to resume here the most important cornerstone points on which the author relies, justifying his view over organismic evolution, then one should indicate as follows.

Conceptually quite valid possibility of significant outwardly visible changes at the level of an individual – along with a strict karyotypic constancy in all its foreseeable ancestors.
The dominant role of the factors of internal self-development and selection as the main driving arms of progress.
The complete autonomy of the above evolutionary postulates from blind mutational entropy, i.e. the obvious independence of these routes from each other.

In this way, the bold original theory presented in given article is based, by and large, just on those "three pillars".
The Intersection of Blues and Gospel in Langston Hughes's Poetry
Authors: Neupane Khagendra
Published: June 2023

This article delves into Langston Hughes's use of blues and gospel music in his poetry. It explores how his poetry has helped challenge traditional views of African-American art. Hughes promotes African-American identity and culture, and advocates for principles such as freedom, democracy, and brotherhood. Hughes's poetry celebrates both spirituals and the blues, recognizing their power to evoke emotions and capture the essence of the human spirit. Despite the differences between the two genres, Hughes sees a greater bond that unifies them as part of the broader African-American culture. Hughes believes that his poetry should be performed and recited with musical accompaniment to enhance and strengthen communication. In this sense, music serves as a strong and unifying force that can inspire participation, dialogue, and engagement with African-American culture. This article examines how Hughes's poetry reflects the blues and gospel traditions and how his art is not isolating but ultimately unifying. By analyzing specific poems, such as "The Weary Blues" and "The Negro Speaks of Rivers," this article demonstrates how Hughes's use of blues and gospel music speaks to a broader cultural context and how it is an integral part of African-American identity. Furthermore, the article highlights how Hughes's work has been influential in promoting African-American culture and identity. Through his poetry, Hughes seeks to challenge traditional views of art and African-Americans by asserting that African-American culture is worthy of artistic representation. His use of music in his poetry helps to underscore the importance of music as a part of African-American culture, and to foster a sense of community and unity among African-Americans. This article illustrates how Hughes's poetry is not only a reflection of the blues and gospel traditions but also a representation of African-American identity and culture. Hughes's use of music in his poetry helps to break down cultural barriers and promote unity and engagement within the African-American community.
Knowledge on Prevention of Myocardial Infarction among Hypertensive Patients in a Hospital of Biratnagar, Nepal
Authors: Panta Puja , Basnet Saraswati
Published: June 2023

Myocardial Infarction is an emergent situation characterized by an acute onset of myocardial ischemia that results in myocardial death in lack of prompt definitive interventions. Myocardial Infarction is one of the major complications of hypertension and although it is life-threatening yet it can be prevented. The aim of this study is to assess the level of knowledge on the prevention of Myocardial Infarction among hypertensive patients in a hospital in Biratnagar. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among hypertensive patients in Neuro Cardio and Multispecialty Hospital of Biratnagar. Non-probability purposive sampling method was used to select the   sample. Data was collected among 101 hypertensive patients through an interview technique using self - developed, semi-structured interview schedule. Data analysis was done on SPSS version 20.0. Descriptive statistics i.e. frequency, mean and standard deviation, and inferential statistics i.e. chi - square test was used to find the association between dependent and independent variable.
The mean  age of the respondents in this study was 56.93 while 62.4% of respondents were male whereas 36.6% of respondents were from Brahmin/Chhetri ethnic group and 67.3% followed Hinduism. Likewise, 49.5% of respondents had completed secondary level education. Similarly, 95% of the respondents identified eating low-fat diet as preventive measures moreover, the findings of this study revealed that 47.5% of respondents had moderate knowledge on the prevention of Myocardial Infarction whereas 46.5% had adequate knowledge while 6.0% of respondents had inadequate knowledge. This study showed that the association between the level of knowledge on the prevention of Myocardial Infarction and sex, education, and occupation was statistically significant. This study concluded that in majority of knowledge on the prevention of myocardial infarction was found to be moderate.
Role of Cooperatives in Women Empowerment in the Nepalese Context
Authors: Khatri Basnet Rati
Published: June 2023

Cooperatives are important income-generating organizations. They help rural women in many ways. This study aims to identify the contribution of cooperatives to economic, socio-cultural, and political aspects of women empowerment. When women are empowered, they can uplift the economic condition of their families. The objectives of the study is to find out the role of cooperatives in women empowerment. The study is based on descriptive and analytical method. The secondary data are collected from different national and international research articles.  This study has found that there is a significant difference in the economic, socio-cultural, and political empowerment of women. Women members are found empowered in their economic activities, maintain social relationships, reduce gender disparity, involve in social programs, conduct cultural programs and participate in political programs. The cooperatives can uplift the socio-economic condition of rural and urban women through access to financial services. They can provide other development services and alleviate poverty through women's empowerment.  They have expanded their network of relationships through saving and credit programs. The study shows the need for expansion programs in hard-to-reach areas to empower economically, socially, culturally, and politically disadvantaged groups.
‘बुढा र बुढी’ लोककथाको संरचनात्मक अध्ययन
Authors: कार्की सन्तोष
Published: June 2023

प्रस्तुत आलेख ‘बुढा र बुढी’ लोककथाको संरचनात्मक विश्लेषणसँग सम्बन्धित छ । यहाँ बुढा र बुढी लोककथाको कथानक, सहभागी, परिवेश, उद्देश्य र भाषाशैलीय कोणबाट विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । संरचनात्मक घटकहरुको पारस्परिक सम्बन्धबाट बन्ने पूर्ण कृति हो । यसमा पूर्णता, परिवर्तनशीलता र स्वनिष्ठताजस्ता गुण हुन्छ । कृतिको आकृति नै संरचना हो । प्रस्तुत लोककथाको कथानकविन्यास क्रमिक ढाँचामा संरचित छ । कथानकको आदि, मध्य र अन्त्यको शृङ्खला मिलेको छ । लोककथामा उपस्थित सहभागीहरूका कार्यव्यापारले लोककथालाई जीवन्त र मौलिक बनाएका छन् । यहाँ प्रस्तुत लोककथाले ग्रामीण पूर्वेली नेपाली समाजको परिवेशलाई देखाएका छन् । यस लोककथाको भाषाशैली सरल, सहज छ । ग्रामीण जीवनका आरोहअवरोह, उनीहरूको यथार्थतालाई सामाजिक लोककथाले देखाएका छन् । यस लोककथाले सत्मार्गमा हिँड्ने, सत्कर्म गर्ने, अरूको कुभलो नचिताउने, चोरेर, ठगेर कमाएको सम्पत्तिले नपुग्ने नैतिक सन्देश दिएको छ ।
दिनबन्धु शर्माका कथामा विनिर्माण
Authors: ढुङ्गाना शोभाकुमारी
Published: June 2023

प्रस्तुत शोध ‘दिनबन्धु शर्माका कथामा विनिर्माण शीर्षकमा केन्द्रित रहेर अध्ययन गरिएको छ । शर्माका भत्किँदै किल्लाहरू कथासङ्ग्रहका एककाइस कथामध्ये ‘रामलीला’, ‘उर्मिला’,‘शूपर्णखा’ गरी तिन कथामा सीमाङ्कित गरी फ्रान्सेली दार्शनिक डेरिडाको विनिर्माणवादी चिन्तनलाई प्रमुख आधार बनाएर अध्ययन गरिएको छ । यस लेखको अध्ययनका लागि वर्णनात्मक तथा विश्लेषणात्मक विधिको अवलम्बन गरिएको छ । ‘रामलीला’ कथामा पैसा कमाउन विदेशिएर स्वदेश फर्केकी सीतालाई लोग्नेले स्वास्थ्य परीक्षणका लागि दबाब दिएको विषयलाई रामायणको अग्नि परीक्षासँग तुलना गरी विनिर्माण गरिएको छ । यसमा आधुनिक युगकी सीताद्वारा अग्निपरीक्षा नारीको मात्र होइन, पुरुषको पनि हुनुपर्दछ भन्दै आत्महत्या अस्वीकार गरी नारी अस्तित्वको खोजी गरिएको छ । ‘उर्मिला’ कथामा रामायणकी पौराणिक पात्र उर्मिला र फिलिपिनी महिला अरेबिल्लाको पति वियोगको पीडासँग तुलना गरी कथाको विनिर्माण गरिएको छ । यस कथामा चौध वर्षसम्म पति वियोगको व्यथा खपेर पनि लक्ष्मणकै नाम जपेर बसेकी तर इतिहासमा अत्यन्त ओझेलमा परेकी उर्मिलाको अस्तित्वको खोजी गरिएको छ । ‘शूपर्णखा’ कथामा रामायणमा प्रतिकूल पात्रका रूपमा चर्चित शूपर्णखालाई अनुकूल पात्रका रूपमा प्रस्तुत गरी कथालाई विनिर्माण गरिएको छ । प्रस्तुत कथामा विधवा शूपर्णखाको यौनाधिकारको वकालत गरिनुका साथै आदर्श पुरुषका रूपमा प्रतिष्ठित भएका श्रीराम र लक्ष्मणको आदर्शलाई भत्काएर एक अभिमानी र दम्भी पुरुषका रूपमा उभ्याउने काम गरिएको छ । यसमा डेरिडाले भनेजस्तै सारा जीवन र जगत् भ्रम हो । हामीले जीवनमा जे गर्यौ ती पनि सबै लीला, मिथ्या, भ्रम र व्यर्थ हुन् । भन्ने शून्यवादी दार्शनिक चिन्तनको प्रयोग भएको देखिन्छ । यी तिन वटै कथाहरूको विनिर्माण गर्दा नारी अस्तित्व र अधिकारको खोजी गरिनु राम्रो कुरा हो, तर विनिर्माण , विधामिश्रण र टुक्रे आख्यानहरूको प्रयोगले गर्दा रामायण कथामा प्रस्तुत मूल भाव र कथाको संरचना पूर्णरूपले भत्किएर ,अर्थमा भिन्नता, विधागत र अर्थगत अनिश्चितताका कारण पाठकहरूमा विश्व प्रशिद्ध रामायण कथाको परम्परित आदर्शप्रति नकारात्मक सन्देश प्रवाह भएको छ । एक केन्द्र भत्किएर बहुकेन्द्रको स्थापना, भई विधागत अस्तित्व नै समाप्त भएको छ ।
नेपाली हाइकुको संरचनात्मक स्वरूप
Authors: निरौला यज्ञेश्वर
Published: June 2023

विश्वकै लघुतम काव्यविधाका रूपमा चिनिँदै आएको हाइकु नेपाली साहित्यमा पनि काव्यको लघुतम उपविधाका रूपमा चिनिन्छ । जापानी साहित्यबाट नेपाली साहित्यमा भित्रिएको हाइकुको आफ्नै रचना विधान छ । सत्र अक्षरमा पूरा गरिने एउटा हाइकुमा पाँच सात पाँचको संरचना हुन्छ । यस अनुसन्धानात्मक लेखमा नेपाली हाइकुको रचना विधान केकस्तो छ र नेपाली साहित्यमा कस्तो स्वरूपमा हाइकु रचना गरिन्छ र यसको रचना पक्षलाई कुन ढङ्गले आत्मसात गरी नेपाली हाइकुकारले हाइकु रचना गरिरहेका छन् भन्ने पक्षमा चर्चा गरिएको छ । अनुसन्धानको गुणात्मक ढाँचा अनुसरण गरी तयार पारिएको यस शोध लेखमा नेपाली हाइकुको संरचना पक्षलाई शोध समस्याका रूपमा लिई मूलतः पुस्तकालय कार्यबाट सामग्री सङ्कलन गरिएको छ र हाइकु लेखनका सैद्धान्तिक अवधारणालाई उल्लेख गरी हाइकुको आन्तरिक तथा बाह्य संरचनाबारे विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । हाइकुको आन्तरिक संरचनाअन्तर्गत यसमा प्रयोग भएको किगो, होसोमीमाथि प्रकाश पारिएको छ भने बाह्य संरचनाअन्तर्गत हाइकुमा प्रत्येक पङ्क्तिमा प्रयोग हुने अक्षरहरूको गणना, तीन पङ्क्तिको संरचना, क्रियापद प्रयोग, विम्ब तथा अलङ्कार प्रयोग, उखान प्रयोग, शब्दसंयोजन, अनुप्रास, ऋतुबोधक शब्द प्रयोग, लयात्मकता आदिका बारेमा चर्चा गरी निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ ।
पद स्वाय्‌गु व फाय्‌गु
Authors: वज्राचार्य वज्रमुनि
Published: June 2023

हरेक भाषाय् थःथःगु ब्याकरण दै । भाषा ल्हाइगुयात अनुसन्धान यानाः अप्वयां अप्वः मनूतय्‌सव न्वंवानाच्वंगु भाषाया आधारय् ब्याकरण दय्‌का तै । सामान्यतया मनूतय्सं गथे न्वंवानाच्वंगु खः अथेहे च्वय्गु नं याइ । नेपालभाषा च्वय्गुली छगू हे रुप जुयाच्वंगु मदु । नामपद, विशेषणपद, क्रियापद व क्रियाविशेषणपदय् गुज्वःगु पद ल्वाकाः च्वय्गु, गुज्वःगु पदब्यागलं च्वय्गु धैगुली एकरुपता जुयाच्वंगु मदु । विशेषयानाः क्रियापदय् सहायक क्रिया दैगु इलय् स्वानाच्वय्गु न्ह्यथनागु दु । बचनय् वैगु चिं, विभक्तिया चिं, समस्तखँग्वः थें जाःगु पद स्वानाः च्वयाच्वंगु दु । क्रियां कनीगु अर्थ मेगु जुइबलय् नामपदनाप स्वानाः च्वय्गु न्ह्यथनातःगु दु । क्रिया क्रिया जुइबलय् निगू ज्या क्यनीगु इलय् छगू पूर्वकालिक क्रिया ब्यागलं च्वय्गु न्ह्यथनातःगु दु । दथुया आखः तनाः वनीबलय् स्वानाः च्वय्गु न्ह्यथनागु दु । अथेखःसां मेमेगु पद गुज्वःगु स्वाय्गु व ब्यागलं च्वय्गु धैगुली छगू हे जुयाच्वंगु मदु । च्वय्गुली छगू हे रुप हय्गु थुगु च्वसुया उद्देश्य खः । थुकिया लागि द्वितीयक स्रोतयात बःकयाः स्तरीय प्रयोगात्मक भाषा विज्ञानया सिद्धान्तयात नालाः ब्याख्या याय्गु जुइ । च्वय्बले गथे च्वःसा ब्यावहारिक जुइ धैगु न्ह्यब्वय्गु जूगु दु । थुकिया लागि न्हापायापिन्सं न्ह्यथनातःगु नियमय् छुं तनेगु जूगु दु । नामया खँय् विभक्ति, समास दक्व स्वानाः च्वय्गु । नापनापं प्यगू नाम खँग्वः जूसा निगू निगू स्वाय्गु ब्यावहारिक जुइ । स्वगूतकया नाम खँग्वः स्वानाः च्वय्गु ब्यावहारिक जुइ । नाम नाम स्वाय्बलय् यदि छगू थें जुइक क्यनेबले स्वाय्गु व निगू ब्यागलं क्यनेत फाय्गु ब्यावहारिक जुइ । अज्ञातभूत, संभावना, अब्यय खँग्वः स्वानाः च्वय्गु पाय्छि जुइ ।
Complex impedance analysis of soft chemical synthesized NZCF systems
Authors: Parajuli D. , Kumar Vagolu Venkata , Chandramoli K. , Murali N. , Raj Sharma Bhumi , Lal Shah Nunu , Samatha K.
Published: June 2023

The soft chemical method was adopted to prepare of cobalt-substituted nickel-zinc ferrites (Ni0.95-x Zn0.05COx Fe2O4 for x = 0.01, 0.02 and 0.03). We have recently studied their structural, morphological, and magnetic properties, initial permeability, and dielectric constant. They were found to be with cubic ferromagnetic spinel structure, the morphology of which is suitable for high-density recording media. The impedance has a major role in characterizing the electrical and magnetic properties of the sample, which are dependent on their permeability and dielectric constant. So, this study will verify the values obtained before. Next, the energy stored in a capacitor is directly proportional, and its size is inversely proportional to the dielectric constant. Similarly, the resistance offered by a material to the magnetic field to pass through it is related to permeability. This study will focus on the variation of impedance with Co2+ concentration. The results were derived with the equivalent circuit model. The impedance analysis is also important in the biological field having a name of Bio-Impedance Analysis (BIA), for determining nutritional status, and many more.
Controlling pests in post-harvested wheat using microwave heating
Authors: Pariyar Hasta Bahadur , Dhungana Savita , Paudel Dharma Raj
Published: June 2023

Microwaves refer to electromagnetic waves ranging from 300 MHz to 300 GHz in frequencies. Microwave de-infestation works well without degrading the host material’s quality. In this research, four different samples of wheat grains are taken from each location, which are injected by 20 pests of the same type per sample. Each sample is then put into the microwave oven for the exposure time of 1 minute and 30 seconds, heated at temperatures 60◦C, 70◦C, 80◦C, 90◦C, and 100◦C. Finally, the samples are germinated, followed by the analysis of nutrition levels at the laboratory. The statistical analysis of the data shows a significant difference in mortality and germination with temperature changes. The average mortality rate was 95% at 100◦C for 1 min of exposure time, exposing mortality increases with temperature. The germination decreased with the temperature increment and the exposure time magnitude. Statistical analysis reveals that there is no significant difference in the nutrition levels of wheat with the temperature change. The study concludes that microwave heating is one of the effective tools for controlling pests in post-harvested grains without using pesticides.
Comparative study of solar flux using different empirical models at low land urban industrial zone of Biratnagar Nepal
Authors: Limbu Fauda , Tiwari Babu R. , Joshi Usha , Regmi Jeevan , B. Karki Indra , N. Poudyal Khem
Published: June 2023

Nepal is a developing country where sufficient clean energy is not available in our daily needs for cooking, lighting and other developmental activities. So, it is high time to promote clean and green energy, which is freely available in every corner of the country. In this regard, the present study helps to estimate the global solar radiation at the lowland region Biratnagar (lat. 26◦28′53′′N, long. 87◦15′50′′E and Alt. 72 m) using measured global solar radiation (GSR) and sunshine hours on empirical models. This paper uses the regression technique on two different empirical models Angstrom-Prescott(A-P) and Tiwari and Sangeeta, to estimate solar radiation. After analyzing the data on empirical models, the empirical constants 0.25 and 0.23 and 0.13 and 0.24 are found in A-P and Tiwari and Sangeeta models, respectively. The performance of the models was carried out by employing mean bias error (MBE), mean percentage error (MPE), root mean square error (RMSE) and adjusted coefficient of determination (R2). These statistical tools reveal that all these models are statistically significant. Such a study is relevant when reliable data for solar radiation is not adequately available. The findings of empirical coefficients can be utilized for predicting solar radiation and solar energy at similar geographical locations in Nepal.
Anticonvulsant activities of Quercus infectoria (galls) and Trewia nudiflora (seeds) in Nepalese varieties
Authors: Kathayat Kamal Singh , Pokhrel Bishal , Bhattarai Ramesh , Thapa Nabin , Amgain Kapil , Bhandari Ravin
Published: June 2023

Background and objectives: Epilepsy is defined as the heterogeneous, synchronized abnormal electrical discharge from the brain area. The numerous synthetic antiepileptic drugs currently available are ineffective to many patients and plant-derived drugs could be an alternative.  The aim of this study was to evaluate anticonvulsant activities of Quercus infectoria (galls) and Trewia nudiflora (seeds) found in Nepal.
Materials and methods: Anticonvulsant activity was carried out using Isoniazide-induced clonic convulsion (INH 250 mg/kg) using rat model. Onset and duration of clonic convulsion, percentage protection and death were observed.
Results: T. nudiflora showed a dose dependent hindrance on the onset of clonic convulsions when compared with the control group. Treatment with higher doses of T. nudiflora (400 mg/kg) showed significant increase (p < 0.01) in latency of clonic convulsions whereas, lower dose showed significant increase (p < 0.05) in latency of clonic convulsion.  The extract of T. nudiflora protected 25% of animals from convulsion at a dose 400 mg/kg. However, Q. infectoria did not display dose dependent delay on the onset of clonic convulsion, Q. infectoria (100 and 400 mg/kg) showed insignificant increases in latency of clonic convulsions. The extract of Q. infectoria protected the 25% of animals when used at a lower dose of 100 mg/kg. Positive control group treated with diazepam at a dose 4 mg/kg showed 100% protection from clonic seizures and death. Q. infectoria (100 mg/kg) T. nudiflora (400 mg/kg) and Diazepam (4 mg/kg) showed significant decrease (p<0.01) in seizure duration (s). Q. infectoria (400 mg/kg) and T. nudiflora (100 mg/kg) showed significant decrease (p < 0.05) in seizure duration compared to control group (Normal saline 10 ml/kg). Study reports the antiepileptic effects Q. infectoria and T. nudiflora.
Conclusion: The methanolic extract galls of Q.  infectoria and seeds of T. nudiflora showed protective effect on Isoniazide induced convulsion.
Dental caries and access to oral health services among children and adolescents
Authors: Osadolor Obehi O
Published: June 2023

There are many social, economic, political and cultural factors that affect the ability of developing and resource poor countries to provide adequate oral health care for its people, including children and adolescents. Untreated carious teeth are common findings in African children, and Restorative index and Met Need Index among children and adolescents are very low. This could be as a result of limited access to oral health services in terms of cost, accessibility, awareness, acceptability and availability. Access tooral health care service among children for preventive, restorative, rehabilitative and curative purpose is important for optimal oral health and wellbeing of a child. Access to oral health services is limited in African countries, and carious teeth are often left untreated.
The challenges associated with access to oral health care are common in African countries. They are faced with continuous oral health care delivery and access problems with variation in the availability of dentists between countries and poor funding for oral health. Most of the dentists that practice in African region are mostly delivering oral health services to children and adolescents in urban areas than rural areas. This can contribute to oral health inequalities among children and adolescents in slum areas, riverine areas, rural and remote areas. After searching articles from electronic databases, the aim of this article is to review the burden of dental caries, the dentist to patient ratio, Restorative index and Met need index of children and adolescents.
Diagnostic Ability of Chest Ultrasound in Selective Paediatric Pneumonia Alternative to CT scan: A single-center Comparative Observational Study
Authors: Thareeb Marwa Kareem , Alghani Zghair Muna Abid , Hassan Qays Ahmed
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Chest CT is the gold standard method of the diagnostic evaluation of patients with pneumonia. Lung sonography has been lately explored as an alternative modality to decrease radiation hazards. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic ability of lung ultrasonography in detecting paediatric pneumonia at presentation and follow up and comparing findings with chest CT scan.
Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was performed at a paediatric hospital from August 2019 to April 2021. We studied 106 children (ages from 45 days to 14 years) referred by the paediatrician with clinical data of pneumonia. All children underwent CT chest examination; 90 showed positive, while 16 showed no pneumonia. Ultrasonography was performed on all patients within 24 hours after CT examination.
Results: We found that lung ultrasound showed 100% specificity, 82.2%, sensitivity in the diagnosis of paediatric pneumonia, accuracy was 84.9%, positive predictive value was 100% and negative predictive value was 50%. Their sensitivity and specificity are 100% in complicated pneumonia by parapneumonic effusion, empyema, and abscess formation.
Conclusions: Chest ultrasound is a simple technique that can be performed in everyday practice, with high specificity and sensitivity compared to a chest CT scan in diagnosis and follow up of pneumonia in the pediatric age group.
A Novel Strategy for Umbilical Granuloma Removal: Cutting off with a Nylon Suture Thread
Authors: Taniguchi Kazuto , Mizuta Kazutaka , Uemichi Kazuyasu
Published: June 2023

Umbilical granuloma is a common umbilical problem in infants. Although various modalities are available for the treatment of umbilical granulomas, the best method remains controversial. A 7-week-old infant presented with umbilical granuloma followed by omphalitis. We treated the omphalitis first to prevent local inflammation. On the following day, the umbilical granuloma was successfully cut off with a nylon suture thread. No residue of the granuloma was left behind and no signs of local inflammation appeared. Umbilical granuloma can be successfully removed with a nylon suture thread. Treatment for omphalitis before granuloma removal may be useful to prevent local inflammation.
Hyperthyroidism in Down’s Syndrome – A Rare Association
Authors: Shrestha Manju , Agrawal Jyoti , Rai Basant , Chaudhary Shipra
Published: June 2023

Trisomy 21 is the most common chromosomal abnormality in paediatric population, and the most common cause of intellectual disability. The most common endocrine disease in these population is hypothyroidism. Hyperthyroidism is rare in patients with Down syndrome, but is likely to be underestimated. Hyperthyroidism treatment strategy is highly important for an undisturbed and balanced development of the children.The objective of this case report is to highlight the importance of hyperthyroidism in Down syndrome which is the rare presentation, to best of our knowledge.
Social Determinants of Health in Rural and Urban Communities
Authors: GC Krishna Bahadur
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this study is to better understand the social factors that influence the health of community members. Both a descriptive and a narrative study design were used to create this article. The social determinants of health (SDH), which are non-medical factors that can be changed by social policies and have a major impact on health, have attracted the attention of the public health community during the past two decades. SDH are non-medical factors that can be changed by social policies and substantially impact health. It is clear that there is widespread support for an SDH approach around the world, ranging from national action to global political commitment. The purpose of this study is to explore the social factors that influence the health of community members. However, differences in the conditions in which people are born, raised, employed, and aged result from differences in power, wealth, and resources. Political, economic, and resource allocation decisions made outside the health sector must consider health as a result throughout the social distribution in order to prevent a concentration primarily on increasing production. Health can be considered in any plan, which can help to some extent to ensure that it is considered. By tracking the development of SDH on a global basis and concentrating on how successful policies and implementation plans may be enhanced going forward, standard procedures will be discovered and exchanged. The WHO's attempts to align measures with the SDGs will boost the assessment of progress.
Comparison on the Physicochemical Parameters of Five Commercially Available Branded Oils in Tansen Bazar
Authors: Gautam Madhab , Bhandari Varshal
Published: June 2023

Oils are unsaturated triglycerides or lipids which are liquid at room temperature. The physicochemical parameters of oils should be analyzed to assess the quality and functionality of the oil. The parameters like saponification value, acid value, iodine value, and insoluble impurities can identify characteristics of edible vegetable oils available in Nepali market whose characteristics remain indistinct and for this, the quality of individual edible oil also remains unknown. Objective of this research work is to get idea about other applicability of vegetable oils instead of commonly used mustard oils. Five different branded and certified samples of oils: coconut oil, olive oil, castor oil, soybean oil and sunflower oil were collected from different shops of Tansen bazaar for quality analysis. The saponification values, acid values, iodine values and percentage insoluble impurities of the selected oil samples were recorded in the range (178.54-284.70) mg KOH/gm, (0.48-4.48) mg KOH/gm, (8.75-141.2) mg KOH/gm and (0.004-0.078) % respectively. This study showed that all the selected five samples of oils are very good for soap making process or studied coconut oil was observed to produce the best quality soap. Analyzed olive oil was not consumable or good as skin care product either. This study had recommended public not to use pre-heated oil more than one time and also, analyzed sunflower oil had been recommended as the best suitable for all purposes among all samples of oils under study from Tansen.
गाउँको भकारी कथामा वर्गीयता {Classism in 'Gaunko Bhakari' Stories}
Authors: खनाल Khanal शारदा Sharada
Published: June 2023

प्रस्तुत लेखमा शिवप्रसाद पौड्यालद्वारा लेखिएको ‘गाउँको भकारी’ कथामा विद्यमान वर्गीय सङ्घर्ष र प्रतिरोधी चेतनाको अवस्था पहिल्याएर समाजवादी यथार्थवादी दृष्टिकोणबाट अध्ययन विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । शोध्यप्रश्नको रूपमा प्रस्तुत गरिएको जिज्ञासाको प्राज्ञिक समाधानका लागि पाश्चात्य साहित्य सिद्धान्तमा देखा परेर सर्वत्र विकसित भएको माक्र्सवाद सम्बन्धी वर्गीय अवधारणालाई आधार बनाइएको छ । कृतिको अर्थापनका लागि सघन पाठविश्लेषण विधिअनुसार सूक्ष्म पठनद्वारा स्थापित सिद्धान्तका आधारमा सन्दर्भपरक विश्लेषण गरी निष्कर्षमा पुगिएकाले यो अध्ययन गुणात्मक प्रकृतिको छ । विवेच्य कथामा प्रस्तुत समाजवादी यथार्थवादी समस्याका विषयलाई मूल प्राज्ञिक समस्या बनाएर त्यसको समाधान खोज्न कृतिमा वर्गीयस मस्याअन्तर्गत पर्ने पूँजीपति वर्गका मानसिकता र व्यवहार तथा श्रमजीवी वर्गका अवस्था र प्रतिरोधी चेतना जस्ता समस्याका आधारमा मात्र अध्ययन विश्लेषण गरी निष्कर्षमा पुगिएको छ । नेपाली समाजमा विद्यमान शोषक र शोषित वर्गका मानिसहरूका बिचमा चल्दै आएको अन्तरविरोधलाई कथाको विषयवस्तु बनाएको छ । पूँजीपति वर्गको प्रतिनिधित्व धर्मानन्द साहू र श्रमजीवी वर्गको प्रतिनिधित्व हर्के र रामगोपालले गरेको प्रस्तुत कथामा समाजमा उच्च वर्गले निम्न वर्गमाथि गर्ने गरेका शोषण, दमन, अन्याय, अत्याचार, अवहेलना, र हेपाहा प्रवृत्तिलाई देखाउँदै त्यस्ता प्रवृत्तिका विरुद्ध निमुखा वर्गले गरेको सङ्घर्ष र अप्रत्यक्ष प्रतिरोधी चेतनालाई कथामा प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ । कुनै पनि व्यक्ति वा वर्गलाई समृद्धितर्फ डोर्याउनका निम्तिचेतना मुख्य कारक तत्त्व हुने, गरिबीका कारण एक्लै गर्न नसकिने कार्य पनि सङ्गठित भएर गर्न सकेमा  समस्याको दीर्घकालीन समाधान गरी समस्याबाट सहजै उन्मुक्ति पाउन सकिने, निमुखाहरू पनि एक ढिक्का भएर आफ्नो जीवनस्तर माथि उठाउने कार्यतर्फ लाग्न सक्ने हो भने धर्मानन्द जस्ता शोषक, सामन्त तथा फटाहाको पनि समाजमा केही जोर नचल्ने र उनीहरू पनि क्रमशः सुधारतर्फ उन्मुख हुनुपर्ने निष्कर्ष प्रस्तुत कथाको अध्ययनबाट प्राप्त भएको छ ।
REKAYASA PENANGANAN KONFLIK ARUS CROSSING DI PERSIMPANGAN FLY OVER JAMIN GINTING, JALAN PINTU AIR IV, DAN JALAN A.H. NASUTION MEDAN
Authors: Ida Deliyarti Agustina  , Shofa Sofyan
Published: June 2023

Konflik simpang menyebabkan banyak permasalahan arus kenderaan dimulut simpang, teruama konflik crossing yang sangat nyata persilangan arusnya. Penelitian ini berlokasi di FlyOver Jamin Ginting tepatna dititik awal flaover, ruas jalan A.H. Nasution dan Jalan Pintu Air IV merupakan tipe persimpangan berlengan 3 dan tidak sebidang, sehingga berpotensi terjadi konflik simpang di antaranya   Diverging  (berpisah), Merging (bergabung), Crossing (berpotongan ), dan Weaving  (bersilangan). Jenis metode penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskripif, yang menggambarkan siuasi dilapangan kemudian mengkorelasikan dengan teori rekayasa lalulinas dan penelesaian konflik simpang. Hasil penelitian bahwa  arus merging paling banyak terjadi. namun berpotesi terjadi Crossing dan rawan kecelakaan. Rekayasa yang dilakukan untuk menghindari crossing dengan meletakkan Sign/ rambu-rambu pada jarak 100 m, 50 m, dan 10 m. Dan  tools lamp berupa lampu yield and stop dari arah Jalan AH. Nasuion menuju persimpangan flyover
Analisis Penanganan Daerah Rawan Kecelakaan Ditinjau Dari Audit Keselamatan Jalan (Studi Kasus : Kec. Latambaga, Kab. Kolaka, Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara)
Authors: Purnama Haerul , Prasetyo Bagus Eko , Zulfikar
Published: June 2023

Kecamatan  Latambaga  sebagai bagian dari  Kabupaten Kolaka, pada rentang tahun 2019 hingga tahun 2021 berdasarkan data dari  Polres Kolaka terjadi 69 kasus kecelakaan, hal ini dianggap sebagai peningkatan yang cukup signifikan mengingat berdasarkan data BPS tahun 2015 jumlah kecelakaan yang terlapor di seluruh kabupaten kolaka hanya sebesar 93 kasus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan lokasi rawan kecelakaaan lokasi   rawan   kecelakaan   dengan menggunakan metode perhitungan Batas Kontrol Atas (BKA) dan Upper Control Limit (UCL)  pada kecamatan Latambaga dan merekomendasikan penanganan berdasarkan hubungan antara karakteristik penyebab kecelakaan dan hasil audit keselamatan jalan.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, karakteristik kecelakan pada kecamatan lembaga didominasi oleh pengendara dengan rentang usia 16-25 tahun yakni sebesar 47.17%, berdasarkan karakteristik usia korban 43.54% juga didominasi   rentang usia 16-25 tahun. Waktu kejadian kecelakaan, 63% terjadi pada malam hari, direntang waktu 18:00-24:00.  Untuk  lokasi rawan kecelakaan pada kecamatan latambaga berdasarkan hasil analisis blacksite & blackspot berada pada segmen 1 (koordinat -4.037839,121.564658), segmen 4 ( koordinat -4.040031,121.564984) dan segmen 5 (koordinat: -4.055727,121.591074.). Adapun rekomendasi prioritas penanganan untuk lokasi rawan kecelakaan, untuk segmen 1 direkomendasikan untuk melengkapi marka dan rambu persimpangan. Untuk segmen 4, direkomendasikan untuk memprioritaskan pemasangan rambu, lampu jalan, ambang batas pengaman, memperjelas median jalan dan melakukan perbaikan terhadap perkerasan jalan. Untuk segmen 5 direkomendasikan untuk memprioritaskan, perbaikan drainase jalan untuk mencegah genangan dan memperbaiki kondisi perkerasan jalan.
Analysis of Plain and Threaded Spiral Reinforcement on The Compressive Strength of Concrete Cylinder with Coarse Agregate From Baula
Authors: La Ola Mursalim , Rustan Fathur Rahman , Hidayat Arman , Niza Nira
Published: June 2023

Kolom adalah bagian dari struktur bangunan beton yang menanggung beban aksial tekan terbesar. Penggunaan sengkang pada kolom mampu menjaga kekuatan dan stabilitas agar beban terbagi merata. Persyaratan Beton Struktural untuk bangunan gedung (SNI 2847:2019) mewajibkan penggunaan sengkang ulir pada struktur kolom. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan sengkang polos (BJTP) dan ulir (BJTS) dengan variasi jarak sengkang 3 cm dan 5 cm. Penelitian dilakukan dengan melakukan uji tekan silinder beton diameter 15 cm dan tinggi 30 cm, sengkang spiral berdiameter 10 cm, selimut beton 25 mm, dan baja tulangan polos dan ulir dengan diameter 10 mm. Benda uji terbagi ke dalam 5(lima) kondisi yaitu tanpa sengkang, sengkang polos, sengkang spiral, serta variasi jarak 3 cm dan 5 cm pada masing-masing sengkang. Beton yang digunakan menggunakan material batu pecah Baula dan pasir Tamboli yang merupakan material lokal Kabupaten Kolaka. Hasil uji tekan pada umur beton 28 hari menunjukkan penggunaan sengkang spiral pada silinder beton mampu meningkatkan kuat tekan silinder secara signifikan mencapai lebih dari 50%, bahkan mampu mencapai diatas 100% pada jarak sengkang yang lebih rapat. Sengkang dengan tulangan sirip/ulir menunjukkan peningkatan kekuatan yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan sengkang dengan tulangan polos.
Analisa Perbandingan Kuat Tekan Beton Normal dengan Campuran Abu Boiler Pada Proyek Jembatan di PT. Socfindo Kebun Seunagan
Authors: Emda Fuji Akbar , Safriani Meylis , Farizal Teuku
Published: June 2023

Indonesia merupakan negara komoditas industri perkebunan,tak terkecuali dalam hal produksi kelapa sawit.Bagaimana tidak,kelapa sawit dapat di olah menjadi produk pangan yakni minyak goreng.Hal ini tentu sangat berguna dalam menunjang berjalannya roda ekonomi masyarakat.Salah satunya PT. Socfindo yang berada di Nagan Raya yang hampir setiap hari beroperasi dalam hal produksi kelapa sawit,tentunya menghasilkan banyaknya limbah.Dalam hal ini para peneliti melakukan berbagai inovasi dalam pemanfaatan limbah sawit agar bermanfaat dalam berbagai hal.Contohnya dalam bidang konstruksi abu boiler hasil pembakaran limbah kelapa sawit di jadikan sebagai material bahan tambah pada campuran beton.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengaruh bahan tambah beton terhadap kuat tekan antara beton normal dengan bahan tambah abu boiler.Pengujian ini menggunakan cetakan berukuran 15 cm x 15 cm x 15 cm dengan FAS 0,37 umur pengujian kuat tekan beton yaitu 7 dan 28 hari.Dari hasil analisis dapat di lihat hasil yang di peroleh nilai rata-rata dari pengujian kuat tekan beton pada umur 28 hari untuk beton normal yaitu 23,10 Mpa.Pada campuran beton dengan penambahan 4% abu boiler dari berat semen pada umur 28 hari di dapat nilai sebesar 25,31 Mpa,dan pada penambahan 6% abu boiler dari berat semen pada umur 28 hari di dapat hasil sebesar 40,67 Mpa.Dari hasil kuat tekan dapat di simpulkan,pada penambahan abu boiler pada 4% mengalami kenaikan sebesar 2,21 Mpa dan pada penambahan abu boiler pada 6% mengalami kenaikan sebesar 17,57 Mpa.
Analisis Life Cycle Cost Pada Proyek Pembangunan Cendana Residence
Authors: I Gede Angga Diputera  , Tjokorda Istri Praganingrum
Published: June 2023

Analisis life cycle cost (LCC) merupakan suatu metode yang dapat digunakan untuk mengendalikan biaya awal dan biaya masa depan dalam melakukan investasi sebuah proyek. Metode ini digunakan untuk menganalisis nilai ekonomi dari sebuah bangunan dengan memperhatikan biaya pengoperasian bangunan selama siklus hidup. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan sebuah penelitian mengenai analisis life cycle cost untuk mengetahui biaya- biaya apa saja yang terdapat dalam Proyek Pembangunan Cendana Residence dan untuk dapat mengetahui berapa besar biaya yang dikeluarkan mulai dari tahapan desain sampai dengan umur rencana bangunan yang sudah ditetapkan. Data yang dipakai adalah Gambar Rencana, Rencana Anggaran Biaya (RAB) dari proyek dan studi literatur yang mendukung penelitian. Estimasi biaya penggantian dan perbaikan dimasa yang akan datang dihitung pada pengeluaran sekarang (present value), dengan umur ekonomi bangunan selama 40 tahun, dengan asumsi bunga 12%, asumsi tingkat inflasi 5,94%. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah pada Pekerjaan Kusen Kayu dan Aluminium, serta daun pintu ex. Kamper memiliki life cycle cost adalah sebesar Rp. 884.438.107,34. Pekerjaan dinding memiliki life cycle cost adalah sebesar Rp. 533.970.576,80. Kemudian Pekerjaan Penutup Lantai memiliki life cycle cost adalah sebesar Rp.710.747.142,05.Dan pada Pekerjaan Atap memiliki life cycle cost adalah sebesar Rp. 316.731.614,50.
Developing Conceptual Design of Slab Structure Parametric Variations Shophouses using Value Engineering Concept
Authors: Nadia Diandra  , Stephen Valentino Lie  , Adianto Wicaksono
Published: June 2023

Seiring dengan berkembangnya teknologi, keputusan dalam pemilihan metode pelaksanaan menjadi kunci utama dalam proyek konstruksi. Hal ini dikarenakan metode pelaksanaan akan mempengaruhi elemen konstruksi yaitu biaya, waktu dan mutu atau yang dikenal dengan teori triple constrain. Maka dari itu perkembangan proyek konstruksi dituntut untuk mewujudkan pembangunan yang ekonomis dari segi biaya dan efisien dari segi metode kerja. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan analisis struktur untuk mendapatkan desain atau perencanaan dari berbagai variasi struktur yang optimal. Selanjutnya, menghitung biaya pekerjaan pelat lantai menggunakan komponen volume pekerjaan dan harga satuan pekerjaan. Analisis waktu dilakukan untuk mengetahui durasi pelaksanaan secara keseluruhan pada masing-masing metode konstruksi digunakan metode penjadwalan PDM (Precedence Diagram Method) dengan alat bantu Microsoft Excel.

 Dari hasil analisis diperoleh biaya pelat lantai paling murah yaitu variasi tiga jenis pelat bondek dengan efisiensi 14% dibandingkan dengan variasi satu jenis pelat konvensional. Sedangkan, waktu pelaksanaan pekerjaan pelat lantai paling cepat yaitu variasi tiga jenis pelat hollow core dengan efisiensi 31% dibandingkan dengan variasi satu jenis pelat konvensional.
Authors: Wijayanti Endah , Supriyadi Supriyadi , Azizah Siti
Published: June 2023

Remaja merupakan kelompok yang rentan terhadap kehamilan dini. Angka kehamilan pada remaja masih tinggi. Kehamilan remaja berdampak negatif pada kesehatan remaja dan bayinya, serta berdampak sosial dan ekonomi. Kehamilan pada remaja berisiko kelahiran prermatur, berat badan bayi lahir rendah (BBLR), perdarahan persalinan, sehingga meningkatkan kematian ibu dan bayi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan menggunakan audiovisual terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap remaja putri tentang kehamilan dini di MTs Negeri Penajam Paser Utara. Metode penelitian adalah quasi eksperimen dengan desain one group pretest – posttest design, populasi adalah seluruh siswi di MTS Negeri 3 dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 40 siswi. Teknik pengambilan sampel stratified random sampling. Instrumen penelitian adalah kuesioner. Teknik analisa data menggunakan tendensi sentral dan uji t dependent. Hasil penelitian : Pengetahuan pre pendidikan kesehatan nilai rata-rata (10,33) setelah diberikan pendidikan kesehatan nilai rata-rata 17,70, nilai standar deviasi 2,420. Sikap siswi sebelum diberikan penkes nilai rata-rata 40,18 dan setelah diberikan penkes nilai rata-rata 63,08 nilai standar deviasi 6,124. Ada pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan menggunakan audiovisual terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap dengan nilai p value 0,000. Pendidikan kesehatan menggunakan audiovisual memberikan hasil meningkatnya pengetahuan dan sikap remaja terhadap kehamilan dini karena audiovisual memudahkan dalam menyampaikan informasi dan mudah diingat karena media yang melibatkan pendengaran, penglihatan dan menarik.