bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COREDIV modelling of JET ILW discharges with different impurity seeding: nitrogen, neon, argon and krypton
Authors: Ivanova-Stanik Irena , Zagórski Roman
Published: May 2018

Numerical simulations with the COREDIV code of JET H-mode discharges with 25 MW of auxiliary heating in the ITER-like wall (ILW) configuration with different impurity seedings – nitrogen (N), neon (Ne), argon (Ar) and krypton (Kr) – are presented. All simulations have been performed with the same transport model and input discharge parameters like auxiliary heating, volume average plasma density, confinement factor. Only the seeded impurity puff rate was changed in the calculations. It appears that for the considered heating power of 25 MW and relatively low volume electron average density <n
e> = 6.2 × 1019 m−3, impurity seeding is necessary. It has been found that for every gas at the maximum level of the seeding rate, allowed by the code convergence, the power to the plate is reduced up to 2–4 MW, with electron temperature at the plate of about 2 eV, indicating semi-detached conditions in the divertor region. It should be noted, however, that in cases with low and medium Z impurity (N, Ne and Ar), tungsten radiation is a significant part of radiation losses and stays above 22–32% of the total energy losses, but for high Z impurity (Kr) it is reduced up to 10% of the total losses. The maximum of the Kr radiation is between the pedestal region and separatrix, showing that radiative mantle can be created, which might have a strong influence on the plasma parameters in the pedestal region.
Evolution of longitude description system. Example of Polish school geographical atlases (1771–2012)
Authors: Spallek Waldemar
Published: May 2018

The evolution of the mathematical foundations of maps in school geographical atlases, especially in 19th and 20th century, was one of the elements of the perception of progress in cartography by the didactics of geography. The biggest changes, ongoing also today, concerned cartographic projections used to maps design.

The evolution of the geographical coordinate system is a part of this process and the basis of the theory of cartographic projections. In the paper there are described changes concerning the location of the Prime Meridian and the method of the description of longitude – elements necessary for the construction of the grid of meridians and parallels. These changes are presented on the basis of analysis of 665 atlases, what means all editions of Polish school geographical atlases between 1771 and 2012 identified by the author.

The evolution of the mathematical foundations of maps in Polish school atlases over more than two centuries is an example of assimilation of the newest trends and scientific researches that takes place between science and education.
Will an underwater robot ever replace the diver? A rather poor progress or a great success?
Authors: Olejnik Adam , Siermontowski Piotr
Published: May 2018

The article deals with the subject matter related to the development of underwater works technologies. Nearly 15 years ago one of the authors of this study published a material in the monthly magazine of “Podwodny Świat” (The Underwater World) entitled “The Future of Underwater Technologies – the diver or the robot?” where he noted that the time of great changes in technologies aimed at researching the depths and conducting works under water has arrived. This new era mainly consists in the fact that on an increasing number of occasions the diver is replaced by an underwater robot. The presented material constitutes an attempt to provide an answer to the question whether the then posed thesis is still valid. In the article the authors discuss issues concerned with the development of techniques and technologies applied in the conquest of depths that leads them to the conclusion that the previously observed tendency of a double-tracked development of underwater technologies is gaining in strength, which causes that the works and exploration of bodies of water at great depths will be possible only with the use of unmanned techniques.
Activities of the elderly and their satisfaction with life
Authors: Skałacka Katarzyna , Derbis Romuald
Published: May 2018

Successful aging (Rowe & Kahn, 1997) is conditioned by aspiration to be active and by the ability to maintain social relations. Activity improves the emotional lives of seniors and is associated with a reduction of some symptoms of aging. Our study verifies if the number of activities (informal and solitary) is associated with quality of life and whether subjective age may be a mediator of this relationship. The 136 seniors above 60 were tested by our authorial scale of activity and the WHOQOL-BRIEF. The results showed that older persons’ higher quality of life levels are related not only to the number of activities undertaken, but also to the frequency that these activities are engaged in. The mediating role of subjective age in relation to one’s activities and quality of life was also indicated, which, concerning general quality of life, turned out to be a cooperative suppression.
Soybean Seed Germination And Seedling Growth In Response To Deterioration And Priming: Effect Of Seed Size
Authors: Moshtaghi-Khavaran Amir , Khomari Saeid , Zare Naser
Published: May 2018

A laboratory experiment was conducted to determine if separation of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seeds by size might be effective in germinability of aged and primed seeds and subsequent seedling vigour. A known soybean seed lot was separated into four size classes using round-hole screens. The seed lots were deteriorated by rapid aging and invigorated by hydro- and halo-priming. These pre-treated seeds were planted in rolled paper towels and the results were evaluated according to ISTA rules. The small soybean seeds had higher speed of germination than the other size classes. The seedlings produced from large and medium seeds were longer and heavier than those from other size classes. Our results indicated that the large seeds had less sensitivity to short-term aging condition owing to the number of normal seedlings, while the deterioration more increased the germination time of large and medium seeds, compared to small ones. The alleviatory effects of halo-priming on deterioration of seeds are greater compared with hydro-priming. Although there are some debates, the present data further indicate that larger soybean seeds are susceptible to aging condition.
Genetic Diversity of White Clover (Trifolium Repens L.) from the Urban Area of Rīga Baltā Āboliņa (Trifolium Repens L.) Ģenētiskā Daudzveidība Rīgas Pilsētvidē
Authors: Grauda Dace , Avotiņš Kalvis , Fokina Oksana , Kolodinska-Brantestam Agnese , Rashal Isaak
Published: May 2018

White clover (Trifolium repens L.) is well represented in the urban environment and wide areas. The goal of this study was to compare the genetic features and to determine the genetic distances and similarities between some populations of white clover using iPBS (inter primer binding sites) technique in a retrotransposon-based method in samples from ecologically different areas in Latvia. Comparisons were made between three plant groups: urban environment (different areas in Rīga), Latvian countryside territory (four different localities), and the commercial variety ‘Daile’. The Shannon diversity index was not high (0.2974 for Rīga, 0.3079 in countryside territories, and 0.3367 for the variety ‘Daile’), but the polymorphic bands present in all evaluated plant sets were higher than 89%. Using principal coordinates analysis the white clover formed three clusters. One cluster included plants from the variety ‘Daile’. The plants from Rīga urban area and different sites of Latvia formed two clusters.
Bird number dynamics during the post-breeding period at the Tömörd Bird Ringing Station, western Hungary
Authors: Gyurácz József , Bánhidi Péter , Góczán József , Illés Péter , Kalmár Sándor , Koszorús Péter , Lukács Zoltán , Németh Csaba , Varga László
Published: May 2018

The fieldwork, i.e. catching and ringing birds using mist-nets, was conducted at Tömörd Bird Ringing Station in western Hungary during the post-breeding migration seasons in 1998-2016. Altogether, 106,480 individuals of 133 species were ringed at the station. The aim of this paper was to publish basic information on passerine migration at this site. Migration phenology was described through annual and daily capture frequencies. Furthermore, we provide the median date of the passage, the date of the earliest or latest capture, the peak migration season within the study period, and the countries where the birds monitored at the site were ringed or recovered abroad. To compare the catching dynamics for the fifty species with total captures greater than 200, a reference period was defined: from 5 Aug. to 5 Nov. 2001-2016. Some non-passerines that are more easily caught with mist-nets or that are caught occasionally were listed as well. The two superdominant species, the European Robin and the Eurasian Blackcap, with 14,377 and 13,926 total captures, made up 27% of all ringed individuals. Among the fifty species analysed, there were ten species with a decreasing trend, five species with an increasing trend and thirty-five species with a stable (or uncertain) trend in their numbers from 2001 to 2016. The temporal pattern of migration of long-distance migrants was different from that of the medium- and short-distance migratory species.
Postgraduate Professional Pedagogical Education In Mexico
Authors: Zhyzhko Olena
Published: May 2018

This article is the result of scientific comparative-pedagogical research, which purpose was to highlight the main features of postgraduate professional pedagogical education in Mexico. The author found that the postgraduate professional pedagogical education in Mexico is performed by public and private higher education institutions: higher pedagogical schools, universities, autonomous universities, tecnological universities, technological institutes, research institutions, institutions of postgraduate education. Despite common goals, public and private institutions performed the posgraduate profesional pedagogical education on various organizational and procedural schemes. The main characteristics of postgraduate professional pedagogical education in Mexico are a relatively recent launch of the first programs (70-ies of the twentieth century); the rapid development of postgraduate professional pedagogical education in the 80-ies - 90-ies years of the XX century; the relative uniformity of its distribution between the state (61.1 %) and private (39.9 %) universities; careful surveillance of public higher pedagogical education quality through periodic programs’s evaluation; various thematic orientation of the programs; low rates of the ultimate effectiveness (the number of graduates, who received a diploma).
Origins and Formation of Corporate Education in the USA
Authors: Lytovchenko Iryna
Published: May 2018

The article analyzes the process of formation and development of corporate education in the USA in the first half of the twentieth century. It has been determined that the main prerequisites for the development of corporate education in the USA in the first half of the twentieth century were historical, socio-economic, political factors and advances in scientific research including: the rapid growth of the US economy in the twentieth century; dissemination of scientific and technological progress and constant introduction of new technologies in the workplace; a national policy of “welfarism”; scientific works of R. Kelly “Training industrial workers” and D. Morris “Employee training: A study of education and training departments in various corporations”, which contained the first complex researches on training in industry, substantiated the necessity and prospects of this study, analyzed corporate programs of that time, the ideas on scientific management of F. Taylor, F. Gilbreth and S. Thompson, which had a major impact on all business areas. It has been found out that corporate education was the result of evolution of apprenticeship, the oldest and most traditional form of vocational training in the United States. By 1920s a new concept of modern education had been formed in the workplace which had its philosophical foundations, educational programs, technologies, system of providing services and organizational structure. In the period between the First and Second World Wars a new vision of learning at the workplace arose, new teaching methods were developed different from those used in traditional educational institutions; understanding came that the dissemination of knowledge within the whole community would contribute to building a democratic society.
The correlation of dawn phenomenon with glycemic variability parameters in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Roman Gabriela , Bala Cornelia , Craciun Cristian Ioan , Rusu Adriana , Craciun Anca Elena
Published: May 2018

Introduction. Dawn phenomenon could have deleterious effect on overall glycemic control. Glycemic variability may be an independent risk factor for the development of diabetes chronic complications. The study aimed to evaluate any correlations between the dawn phenomenon and parameters of glycemic variability in a cohort of type 2 diabetes patients (T2DM). Material and methods. This retrospective observational study included 131 T2DM patients. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has been performed. Data from the first 24h of full recording were used for analysis of glycemic variability indices: mean level of 24h interstitial glucose value and standard deviation; % coefficient of variation; J index; mean amplitude of glycemic excursion - MAGE; continuous overall net glycemic action (CONGA) at 1, 2, 4 and 6 hours; mean of daily differences (MODD) index. Results. Mean age was 56.04 ± 9.91 years, 35.9% women, 17.6% on diet, 53.4% on oral therapy and 29% on insulin. Dawn phenomenon was more frequent in patients below 60 years (70%) and in oral therapy group (72.85%). Significant correlations between the dawn phenomenon and j-index, MAGE, CONGA-4 and CONGA-6 have been found in T2DM patients on diet therapy alone. The amplitude of dawn phenomenon was 46.10 ± 24.40 mg/dl and significantly correlated (p<0.05) after adjustment for age, gender and treatment with % CV, MAGE, CONGA-1, CONGA-2, CONGA-4, CONGA-6 and MODD. Conclusions. The dawn phenomenon significantly increases the glycemic variability parameters in drug-naive T2DM patients, with no impact in T2DM on oral or insulin therapy.
Influence of fly-ashes on properties of ordinary concretes
Authors: Rutkowska Gabriela , Wiśniewski Krzysztof , Chalecki Marek , Górecka Mirosława , Miłosek Kamil
Published: May 2018

Influence of fly-ashes on properties of ordinary concretes. Care of the environment in accordance with the principles of sustainable development introduces the possibility and need for waste recycling. The construction and building materials industry has the greatest potential for reuse of waste. The article presents the results of investigations of selected properties (consistency, water absorbability, compressive strength and tensile strength after 28 and 56 days of curing, depth of penetration) of ordinary concretes and concretes containing fly-ashes - calcareous and siliceous ash − in their composition. To make the samples, the Portland cement CEM I 42.5 R and natural aggregate with graining of 0-16 mm were used. The concrete with siliceous and calcareous admixtures was made in three lots where the ash was added in the quantity of 15, 20 and 30% of the cement mass. After the tests, it was stated that the fly-ash admixture does not increase the air content in the mix, it increases the compressive strength in time and the siliceous ash improves the splitting tensile strength.
Bone Quality Assessment of Dental Implant Recipient Sites
Authors: Vasovic Miroslav , Jovanovic Lena , Djordjevic Aleksandrija
Published: May 2018

The term bone quality is not clearly defined and depends on many factors, such as bone density, bone vascularity, bone metabolism and other factors that may affect implant outcome. The assessment of bone volume and bone density is most common in planning the treatment of dental implants. Bone quality is an important predictor of primary implant stability, which influences the future implant osseointegration. Numerous classifications have been described for the evaluation of bone density. The most commonly used has been the one proposed by Lekholmu and Zarb. For the objective evaluation of bone density, conventional computed tomography (CT) or Cone Beam Computed tomography (CBCT), have been proposed. Both methods are reliable for the measurement of bone density, but preference is given to CBCT, due to the lower radiation doses, greater comfort for the patient and the lower prices. Pre-operatively defined bone density is a good indicator of the future success of implant therapy. In addition to the bone density, vascularity of the jawbone is an important factor of the quality of the bone for the osseointegration of dental implants. Laser Doppler is a simple method that can determine the vascularity of bone during implant insertion. The development of modern diagnostic methods for assessing the quantity and quality of the jawbone has enabled easier implant planning and has provided a secure outcome.
The Art of Ramon Llull (1232–1350): From Theology to Mathematics
Authors: Koetsier Teun
Published: May 2018

In the present paper the roots of the Art of the Catalan philosopher Ramon Llull are examined. Moreover the impact of the Art on seventeenth mathematics is briefly discussed.
Disturbances Of The Holocene Lake-Bog Sediment Succession As Revealed By Pollen Record From Wietrzychowice (Southeastern Kujawy, Central Poland)
Authors: Břízová Eva , Roman Małgorzata
Published: May 2018

Results of geological and pollen investigations of the lake-bog sediments from the section Wietrzychowice W5, located nearby the Neolithic Funnel Beaker Culture (FBC) megaliths, are presented. The pollen data reveal that sedimentation at Wietrzychowice has begun at the beginning of the Holocene (Preboreal). Pollen analysis was used to determine stratigraphy with regard to sediment characteristics. The pollen spectrum was divided into 8 LPAZes (1-7Xa, 7Xb) which were also, where possible, stratigraphically classified. Radiocarbon dating of 6 730 ± 90 BP (5 730–5 480 BC, MKL-702) at depth of 1.20 m confirmed the pollen analysis age estimation. Five settlement episodes were found in organic sediments in the upper part of the W5 core. The first was presumably during the Preboreal, the second in the early Atlantic, the third in the late Atlantic (probably Neolithic FBC), the fourth in the early Middle Ages and the last one in the late Middle Ages. The pollen analysis was useful to point irregularities in sediment succession. Such a situation made palaeoenvironmental interpretation difficult, but further research is still needed to enable an accurate reconstruction.
Physical and water properties of selected Polish heavy soils of various origins
Authors: Kaczmarek Zbigniew , Gajewski Piotr , Mocek Andrzej , Owczarzak Wojciech , Glina Bartłomiej
Published: May 2018

The paper presents the characteristics of selected physical, chemical, and water properties of four mineral arable soils characterized with heavy and very heavy texture. Soil samples from genetic horizons of black earths from areas near Kętrzyn, Gniew and Kujawy, and alluvial soils from Żuławy were used. The following properties were determined in the samples of undisturbed and disturbed structure: texture, particle density, bulk density, porosity, natural and hygroscopic moistures, maximal hygroscopic capacity, saturated hydraulic conductivity, potential of water bonding in soil, total and readily available water, total retention in the horizon of 0–50 cm, drainage porosity, content of organic carbon and total nitrogen Parent rocks of these soils were clays, silts and loams of various origin. High content of clay fraction strongly influenced the values of all the analyzed properties. All the examined soils had high content of organic carbon and total nitrogen and reaction close to neutral or alkaline. High content of mineral and organic colloids and, what follows, beneficial state of top horizons’ structure, determined – apart from heavy texture – low soil bulk density and high porosity. The investigated soils were characterized by high field water capacity and wide scopes of total and readily available water. The saturated hydraulic conductivity was low and characteristic to heavy mineral arable soils. The parameter which influenced the variability of analyzed parameters most was texture.
Temporal water table changes in soil toposequence of the Poznań Lakeland (western Poland)
Authors: Kozłowski Michał , Komisarek Jolanta
Published: May 2018

The paper presents results of determination of temporal changes in water table depths in the toposequence of Retisols/Luvisols and Phaeozems/Gleysols. Assessment of temporal trends in the water table depth was made with the use of the linear regression analysis. The results obtained indicate that the mean water table depth and mean high and low water table depths were deeper in the soil at the upper part of the slope in comparison with soil located at the footslope. A higher amplitude of water table was observed in Retisols than in Gleysols but the highest variability of water table level was noted in the soils at the footslope compared to those at the slope summit. In Retisols, with each month of observation from 1993 to 2012, the water table showed a tendency to increase. These trends were the highest from January to April, which may be related to the tendency of increasing monthly sums of precipitation in December, January and February. In the Gleysol at the footslope, in the period 1993–2012 and in the vegetation season, the water table depth showed a tendency to decrease. This trend may be due to the impact of water table on the soil water content at the root zone, which is used in the process of evapotranspiration.
Professional Activities of the European Taekwondo Coach: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Bujak Zbigniew , Gierczuk Dariusz , Orbach Iris , Blumenstein Boris
Published: May 2018

The purpose of this manuscript is to establish and compare the basic professional activities that are important for successful performance of taekwondo coaches from Poland and several other European countries. Fifty-nine high level taekwondo coaches were divided into two groups: Group A included 31 European coaches from seven countries and Group B included 28 Polish coaches. Participants were asked to respond by e-mail to a questionnaire that included a list of 20 basic coaches’ professional activities. Results revealed that managing physical and technical preparation and planning the process of preparing competitiors are important for suceess in taekwondo for both groups. Moreover, differences in professional coach’s activities are discussed.
The Relationships between Coaches’ Leadership Styles, Competitive State Anxiety, and Golf Performance in Korean Junior Golfers
Authors: Bum Chul-Ho , Shin Stephen H.
Published: May 2018

The purpose of this study was to determine whether Korean junior golf coaches’ leadership styles affect athletes’ competitive state anxiety before a game as well as their performance. In the Multidimensional Model of Leadership (MML), Chelladurai and Saleh (1980) identified five aspects of leadership behavior in coaching: training/instruction, democratic behavior, autocratic behavior, social support, and positive feedback. A survey was conducted with junior golfers participating in the 23rd Korean National Middle and High School Championship. Data from 216 questionnaires were used in the analysis. Multiple regression analyses were run on the data, revealing the following results. First, training/instruction and social support of coaches decreased cognitive anxiety before the game, whereas autocratic behavior increased it. Second, training/instruction and positive feedback of coaches increased self-confidence before the game. Third, training/instruction of coaches increased golf performance, whereas autocratic behavior decreased it. Finally, cognitive anxiety of golf athletes was found to reduce golf performance, whereas self-confidence increased it. Consequently, this study may deliver sport administrators and parents with understanding of how coaches’ leadership styles could influence on junior golfers’ psychological state and golf performance.
Biomechanics – Elastic Foundation Applied in Modelling of Calcaneal Nails
Authors: Sejda František , Frydrýšek Karel , Pompach Martin , Litner Roman
Published: May 2018

This paper presents a strength analysis of a calcaneal nail (material Ti6Al4V and stainless steel) which is used to treat complex heel fractures. The application focuses on a unique calcaneal nail, the C-NAIL, produced by Medin a.s. (Nové Město na Moravě, Czech Republic). The paper first presents an analysis of fracture types, treatment methods and loading of the calcaneus. It then presents an analysis of limit conditions and loading. Calculations (displacement and stress) are performed for 6 and 7 fixing screws using FEM (Ansys Workbench 14 software). The calculation involves a new, original application of an elastic foundation, which effectively replaces the complex interaction of the calcaneal nail and the heel bone.
Testing the violation of conservatism accounting principle. Case study on Romanian listed entities
Authors: Bunget Ovidiu Constantin , Bureană Eusebiu Răducu
Published: May 2018

From the beginning of the debates regarding the conservatism principle, the concept experienced a significant development. As it is one of the most controversial and violated accounting principle, we started to seek how can we help one of the auditor’s challenge in the audit mission: to identify and evaluate the risks from the financial statement level. The most affected accounting principle in Romania is the conservatism principle. After a long time of debates, it was stated that the conservatism principle, considered to be complementary to the “fair view” concept, which means that financial reports shall be required to submit information so impartial and in such a manner as to enable the reader to understand them clearly. Considered as a risk that should be identified, this study demonstrates a relationship between the violation of the conservatism principle and the analysis of the financial indicators, such as: Long-Term-Debt-to-Equity Ratio; Debt-to-Equity Ratio; Global Solvency Ratio; Operating Margin Ratio; Current Finance Ratio; Period of Activity Indicator and Auditor Indicator. Based on a quantitative method, this analyze was realized through three econometric model performed on annual financial statements of the companies from Bucharest Stock Exchange. After validating the sample and analyzing the factorial variables, we selected the best model: the probit model. In conclusion, as can be seen in the paper, the econometric function is efficient, reliable and can be applied to assess the risk likelihood for violating the conservatism principle by a Romanian company.
The asymptotic distribution function of the 4-dimensional shifted van der corput sequence
Authors: Baláž Vladimír , Fialová Jana , Hofer Markus , Iacò Maria R. , Strauch Oto
Published: May 2018

Let γq(n) be the van der Corput sequence in the base q and g(x, y, z, u) be an asymptotic distribution function of the 4-dimensional sequence

In this paper we find an explicit formula for g(x, x, x, x) and then as an example we find the limit

for the base q = 4, 5, 6, . . . Also we find an explicit form of sth iteration T(s)(x) of the von Neumann-Kakutani transformation defined by T(γq(n)) = γq(n + 1).
On one type of compactification of positive integers
Authors: Paštéka Milan
Published: May 2018

The object of observation is a compact metric ring containing positive integers as dense subset. It is proved that this ring is isomorphic with a ring of reminder classes of polyadic integers.
Development Of Euro-Regional Cooperation Of Ukraine In The Context Of The Visegrad Experience
Authors: Petruk Vitalii , Kovtun Elena
Published: May 2018

The goal of this paper is to analyze the dynamics of cooperation of Ukraine with the Visegrad countries with the aim to integrate into the political, economic, legal and humanitarian space in Europe and build the benchmark for system reforms to modernize Ukraine. Therefore, the study of problems of Euroregional cooperation is essential, given the complex circumstances surrounding the modern integration processes. The need to take into account the experience of regional policy of the Visegrad countries in the context of globalization and expansion of the EU influence is undeniable. Multilateral cooperation of Ukraine with the countries of Visegrad during the last decade is characterized by significant achievements. The close historical ties and common foreign policy goals of modern Ukraine and Visegrad laid the foundation for effective development of good neighbourly relations at the present stage and created opportunities for further large-scale cooperation in the future. It is safe to say that Visegrad-Ukrainian relations are rather balanced, thanks to the successful implementation of bilateral and multilateral agreements achieved after the regular meetings at all levels. All this creates a solid foundation for further expansion of this cooperation on the basis of the joint account of the interests of the parties.
Water Management for Sustainable Growth Strategies
Authors: Jurík Ľuboš , Kaletová Tatiana , Halaj Peter
Published: May 2018

The aim of this document is to present a synthesis of water sustainability issues as the basic role in the sustainable growth strategies in many countries. Water crisis and extreme weather conditions have been identified by the World Economic Forum community as two of the top ten global risks. This is hardly surprising, considering the devastating impacts of having too little water, or too much. While water’s immediate impacts are often local, water security is now recognized as the systemic global risk. Each development has its own limiting parameters. In the latest decades, we have recognized the term ‚blue and green water‘. Blue water availability is a limiting factor for the green water. Due to the changes and processes in the country, as climatic, economic or socio-economic ones, fundamental factor for sustainable development is to secure water supply. Soil water and its availability for crop production during the growing season appear to be a problem. Surface water resources created for the additional irrigation in the pastures are now used for other purposes such as energy or industry. It is therefore important for water sustainability in the countries to increase the water resources protection.
The Most Famous Writer of the Low Countries: Herman Brusselmans Star Author and (Reluctant) Public Intellectual
Authors: Honings Rick
Published: May 2018

The Flemish writer Herman Brusselmans is the most famous author of the Low Countries. In this article, Herman Brusselmans is analysed as a star author. First and foremost, two striking aspects of Brusselmans’s stardom are analysed: his public visibility and the cult of the private. Attention is then focused on Brusselmans’s experience of celebrity, which he - like many other star authors - thematises in his books. Doing so, he consciously places himself in the context of popular culture. On the other hand, as a result of his celebrity status he has been expected - particularly in the last few years - to assume the role of public intellectual willy-nilly, and this in turn has had consequences for his work.
Using complex networks to understand the mental lexicon
Authors: Vitevitch Michael S. , Goldstein Rutherford , Siew Cynthia S.Q. , Castro Nichol
Published: May 2018

Network science is an emerging discipline drawing from sociology, computer science, physics and a number of other fields to examine complex systems in economical, biological, social, and technological domains. To examine these complex systems, nodes are used to represent individual entities, and links are used to represent relationships between entities, forming a web-like structure, or network, of the entire system. The structure that emerges in these complex networks influences the dynamics of that system. We provide a short review of how this mathematical approach has been used to examine the structure found in the phonological lexicon, and of how subsequent psycholinguistic investigations demonstrate that several of the structural characteristics of the phonological network influence various language-related processes, including word retrieval during the recognition and production of spoken words, recovery from instances of failed lexical retrieval, and the acquisition of word-forms. This approach allows researchers to examine the lexicon at the micro-, meso-, and macro-levels, holding much promise for increasing our understanding of language-related processes and representations.
Le spectateur émancipé Jacques Rancière París, La fabrique, 2008
Authors: Palizada Sánchez Alejandro
Published: May 2018

Le spectateur émancipé Jacques Rancière París, La fabrique, 2008
El sueño no es un refugio sino un arma Geney Beltrán Félix México, UNAM, 2009
Authors: Pérez Sánchez Luis Felipe
Published: May 2018

El sueño no es un refugio sino un arma Geney Beltrán Félix México, UNAM, 2009
Metafísica y tragedia. Un tratado sobre Schelling Crescenciano Grave México, Ediciones Sin Nombre/UNAM 2008
Authors: Mercado Salas Raquel
Published: May 2018

Metafísica  y  tragedia.   Un  tratado  sobre  Schelling Crescenciano  Grave México,  Ediciones  Sin  Nombre/UNAM 2008
NMDA Receptor Signaling Is Important for Neural Tube Formation and for Preventing Antiepileptic Drug-Induced Neural Tube Defects
Authors: Sequerra Eduardo B. , Goyal Raman , Castro Patricio A. , Levin Jacqueline B. , Borodinsky Laura N.
Published: April 2018

Failure of neural tube closure leads to neural tube defects (NTDs), which can have serious neurological consequences or be lethal. Use of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) during pregnancy increases the incidence of NTDs in offspring by unknown mechanisms. Here we show that duringXenopus laevisneural tube formation, neural plate cells exhibit spontaneous calcium dynamics that are partially mediated by glutamate signaling. We demonstrate that NMDA receptors are important for the formation of the neural tube and that the loss of their function induces an increase in neural plate cell proliferation and impairs neural cell migration, which result in NTDs. We present evidence that the AED valproic acid perturbs glutamate signaling, leading to NTDs that are rescued with varied efficacy by preventing DNA synthesis, activating NMDA receptors, or recruiting the NMDA receptor target ERK1/2. These findings may prompt mechanistic identification of AEDs that do not interfere with neural tube formation.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNeural tube defects are one of the most common birth defects. Clinical investigations have determined that the use of antiepileptic drugs during pregnancy increases the incidence of these defects in the offspring by unknown mechanisms. This study discovers that glutamate signaling regulates neural plate cell proliferation and oriented migration and is necessary for neural tube formation. We demonstrate that the widely used antiepileptic drug valproic acid interferes with glutamate signaling and consequently induces neural tube defects, challenging the current hypotheses arguing that they are side effects of this antiepileptic drug that cause the increased incidence of these defects. Understanding the mechanisms of neurotransmitter signaling during neural tube formation may contribute to the identification and development of antiepileptic drugs that are safer during pregnancy.
Persisting adverse body composition changes 2 years after cessation of androgen deprivation therapy for localised prostate cancer
Authors: Cheung Ada S , Tinson Alistair J , Milevski Stefan V , Hoermann Rudolf , Zajac Jeffrey D , Grossmann Mathis
Published: April 2018

Objective

Hypogonadism from androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer causes adverse body composition changes associated with insulin resistance and decreased quality of life (QoL). Our objective was to assess whether adverse body composition changes improve after cessation of ADT.

Design

Prospective case–control study in a tertiary referral hospital. Thirty-four men newly commencing ADT (cases, median age: 67.6 years (interquartile range: 64.6–72.0)) and 29 age-matched (70.6 years (65.3–72.9)) prostate cancer controls not on ADT were assessed 2 years after cessation of ADT (median: 4.4 years).

Methods

Serum testosterone, body composition, handgrip strength, frailty and QoL were measured. Using a mixed model, the mean adjusted differences (MADs (95% CI)) between groups from baseline to study end are reported.

Results

Twenty-seven cases and 19 controls completed the study. Median duration of ADT was 2.3 years (interquartile range: 1.8–3.1). Two years after cessation of ADT, total testosterone remained lower (MAD: −3.4 nmol/L (−6.3 to −0.5), P < 0.022), fat mass (2214 g (490–3933), P = 0.025) and insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance: 0.69 (0.31–1.07), P < 0.001) remained higher in cases, whereas lean mass (−1450 g (−2259 to −640), P < 0.001) and physical component of QoL remained lower than controls (−11.9 (−16.4 to −7.4), P < 0.001).

Conclusion

Two years after ADT cessation, metabolically adverse changes in body composition, increased insulin resistance and reduced QoL persisted. This may be related to incomplete testosterone recovery. Persisting adverse effects need to be considered in the risk to benefit assessment of ADT and proactive mitigation should continue after cessation of treatment.
Ritual, Bid‘ah, and the Negotiation of the Public Sphere in Contemporary Indonesia
Authors: Jahroni Jajang
Published: April 2018

The politicisation of ritual has been common in Indonesia over centuries. In the 18th century, the Padri people in West Sumatra introduced a puritan Islam creating a long-standing conflict between the Padris and the local Muslim groups in the region. In the early 20th century, the modernists criticized the religious practices of the traditionalist Muslims. In the 1980s, a new group of Salafi people bring back the issues of bid‘ah into the Islamic discourses of Indonesian Islam. Adhering to literal interpretations of Islamic teachings, Salafi groups question the validity of rituals associated with traditionalist Muslims, thereby exerting their power over Muslim believers. In response, traditionalists defend their opinions by expanding the definition of bid‘ah. Mosques, one of the most strategic institutions in Islam, have provided sites of contestation between traditionalists and Salafis. This has resulted in the politicisation of mosques over the last decades. Having different understandings of rituals, traditionalists and Salafis have used different methods to facilitate social engagement and organizational capacity.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v25i1.5308
Historicizing Islam: On the Agency of Siti Maryam in the Construction of Bima’s History of Islamization
Authors: Sila Muhammad Adlin
Published: April 2018

This article focuses on the understanding of Bima’s local interlocutors in the history of Islamization in the region, particularly in light of their construction of Bima vernacular manuscripts. This article provides the agency of Siti Maryam as the owner and caretaker of Samparaja museum who has given access to Bima’s manuscripts, locally called Bo’. Through in-depth interviews and participant observation, I examined how Siti Maryam as the manuscript’s owner constructs the entry of Islam to Bima, and how this understanding becomes the dominant storyline in explaining Bima’s history ranging from the pre-Islamic era to the period of Islamization. The aim of this article is not to discuss the truth or falsity in these historical accounts or to take sides. But all these varying historical accounts are important in providing a doorway into understanding the locally dynamic and religio-political practices of Islam in contemporary Bima.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v25i1.5840
Zakat and Poverty Alleviation in a Secular State: The Case of Muslim Minorities in the Philippines
Authors: Gamon Alizaman D. , Tagoranao Mariam Saidona
Published: April 2018

Twelve million Filipinos live in extreme poverty. Despite a well-crafted government model for poverty alleviation, the state’s role in managing charities to alleviate economic deprivation has been minimal. By reason of the state’s strict adherence to secularism, the operation of Islamic institutions at the social level is deemed unconstitutional. It is unfortunate that the dynamics of Islamic social financial institutions, i.e. zakat, waqf and ṣadaqah, are not reflected in the economic road map for the reconstruction of the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao, particularly the rehabilitation of the city of Marawi after the war. This study examines the initiatives taken by government agencies and Muslim organizations towards the gradual revival of zakat as an Islamic social financial institution. In addition, the study highlights issues on the management of zakat and its role in poverty alleviation within the context of a secular state. This study finds that due to mismanagement, zakat fails to eliminate or reduce the poverty of the Muslim minorities in the Philippines.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v25i1.5969
Enhancing Religious Education: An Attempt to Counter Violent Extremism in Indonesia
Authors: Kirana Dita
Published: April 2018

Indonesian government plays an important role in developing religious education. Since the 1970s, the government has promoted basic education for the Indonesian citizen, modernizing primary and secondary education and including religious subjects in the national curriculum. Furthermore, from the early beginning of the New Order era, Islamic educational institutions such as pesantren and madrasah—which are mostly founded by private or informal institutions— must also follow the national curriculum and comply with state regulations. On the one hand, pesantren is continuously recognized as an autonomous institution, and honored as a community-based educational institution. Madrasah, on the other hand, is supported to teach Islam and religious subjects, but at the same time it is required to introduce sciences and general subjects to its students.During the 1980s and 1990s, major changes in the curriculum of Islamic religious education in Indonesia have turned madrasah into education institutions increasingly integrated in Indonesia’s national education. In fact, the share of general studies reached 70%, while religious studies have been reduced to only about 30% of madrasah curriculum. As a consequence, all madrasah graduates have equivalent degree recognized by other schools in general, enabling them to pursue undergraduate studies in public universities.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v25i1.7284
Rindu Kembali Ke Baitullah: Sejarah Haji Asia Tenggara
Authors: Darmadi Dadi
Published: April 2018

Eric Tagliacozzo, 2013. The Longest Journey: Southeast Asians and the Pilgrimage to Mecca. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.For many Muslims in Southeast Asia, the Hajj is not only an important spiritual experience but also a unique and very interesting story to tell. In this book, Eric Tagliacozzo painstakingly delivers the story of Hajj in Southeast Asia, where in the last five centuries, the Hajjis from Southeast Asian region have gone to Mecca to perform mandatory worship to perfect their religion. The longue duree approach that he uses not only enable him to unveil the reasons why millions of Southeast Asian Muslims have embarked on pilgrimage since the 15th CE, but also how the Hajj played great political and economic roles during the pre- and post-colonial periods up to this day, when the Hajj is increasingly complicated but, thanks to the advance of technology, it has become more affordable for many. Enriched with a sharp analysis of history and anthropology, the book is undoubtedly a very important contribution to the increased interest in the study of Hajj in the Malay-Indonesian archipelago and Southeast Asia.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v25i1.7839
Analysis of Primary Education Students’ Metaphorical Perceptions of the Concept of Learning/Analiza metaforičkih percepcija pojma učenja kod učenika u osnovnoj školi
Authors: Anilan Huseyin
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe aim of this study is to determine the metaphors that are used by 3rd, 4th and 5th grade students in primary education relating to the concept of learning. The study is qualitative and it has been conducted using an interpretative approach. Two hundred and eighteen students participated in the study, but because the survey questionnaires of 83 students were considered invalid for different reasons, the analysis of the data was carried out for 135 students. The data were collected through a survey containing open ended sentences, such as “Learning is like ...... because ......”. The content analysis technique was used to analyze the data. The data analysis was conducted in the following four stages: 1) coding and elimination; 2) category development; 3) validity and reliability; and 4) data interpretation. The data analysis showed that primary education students produced a total of 86 metaphors that were related to the concept of learning, and these metaphors were collected for 12 categories: the metaphors of 3rd grade students were collected for 6 categories, while the metaphors of 4th grade students were collected for 10 categories, and the metaphors of 5th grade students were collected for 11 categories. All of the categories, except for one, are composed of positive perceptions. Accordingly, it can be said that overall, 3rd, 4th and 5th grade students have positive perceptions about learning.Key words: interpretative qualitative research approach; learning; metaphor. --- SažetakCilj ovoga istraživanja bio je ustanoviti kojim se metaforama koriste učenici trećega, četvrtoga i petoga razreda osnovne škole koje su vezane uz pojam učenje. Ovo je istraživanje kvalitativnoga karaktera, a provedeno je koristeći se interpretacijskim pristupom. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 218 učenika, a s obzirom na to da su 83 upitnika nevažeća iz raznih razloga, analizi je podvrgnuto 135 učeničkih upitnika. Podatci su prikupljeni koristeći se anketom s tvrdnjama otvorenoga tipa poput: „Učenje je poput…… jer …….“. Tehnikom analize sadržaja mogli smo analizirati podatke. Podatci su analizirani u sljedeća četiri koraka: 1) kodiranje i eliminacija; 2) kategoriziranje; 3) valjanost i pouzdanost; 4) interpretacija rezultata. Analiza podataka pokazala je da su učenici u osnovnoj školi iskazali ukupno 86 metafora koje su bile povezane s pojmom učenje, a te su metafore svrstane u dvanaest kategorija: metafore učenika trećega razreda u 6 kategorija, metafore učenika četvrtoga razreda u 10 kategorija, metafore učenika petoga razreda u 11 kategorija. Sve kategorije izuzev jedne sadržavale su pozitivnu percepciju o učenju. Shodno tome, možemo reći da učenici trećega, četvrtoga i petoga razreda uglavnom imaju pozitivnu percepciju o učenju. Ključne riječi: interpretacijski pristup kvalitativnom istraživanju; metafora; učenje.