bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quality by Design: A Methodical Approach in Development of Nano Delivery System
Authors: Milmile Priya S. , Patil Rasika J. , M Samiksha , Wadher Kamlesh J. , Umekar Milind J.
Published: September 2021

Pharmaceutical quality by design (QbD) is a methodical approach to development of drug which begins with predefined objectives
and control based on scientific acumen and quality risk management. QbD in the field of pharmacy is based on the basic understanding
of the quality profile of final products affects by materials and process parameters. The application of QbD in designing of drug delivery
system is based on a sound understanding of the sources of variability and the manufacture process and parameters. Most of
problems in quality in formulations are related to the way designing of pharmaceutical product was carried out. The most important
element of QbD based drug delivery development is the risk assessment (RA) activity which is important aspect during the
development process. This review article addressed various concepts and applications od QbD to optimize and develop various nano
drug delivery systems such as, examples liposomes, proliposome, nanoliposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, microsponges, solid lipid
nanoparticles, transgel. nanostructured lipid carriers, nano emulsions with the research published in recent years.
A Scrupulous Review on Multifaceted Pyrazole Nucleus as an Energetic Pharmacological Agent
Authors: Babu Amala , Antony Sneha , Maria KM Femy , B Dr.Vinod
Published: September 2021

Pyrazole represents a versatile class among heterocyclic compounds due to its impact in biological and pharmacological field
irrespective of its scarcity in nature. From the structural point of view, pyrazoles are rather interesting and chemically it is known as
1,2-Diazoles.Also, it is a five membered heterocyclic compound containing 2 Nitrogen atoms. As per different studies, Pyrazoles and
its derivatives own a wide range of biological activities like Antibacterial, Analgesic, Antioxidant etc. The main intention of this review is to run an overview of diverse pharmacological activities of pyrazole moiety especially antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, analgesic, Hypoglycemic, anticancer and enzyme inhibitory effects.
Van basisarts tot public health: verschillende wegen om naar Rome te reizen
Authors: CRIEL B. , DE LEPELEIRE J.
Published: September 2021

From medical doctor to public health: different ways to travel to Rome

Public health aims at health promotion through an organized societal effort. The Alma Ata declaration laid the broad conceptual foundation for public health and primary care in developing countries (the South) and industrialized countries (the North).

Family medicine evolved to a professional practice where a community focus is also important. The introduction of the ‘personal medical record’ and the design of primary care areas in Flanders are anchor points for the development of public health in our country. In developing countries and more specifically in Africa, a structured population approach to health care is since long more evident, amongst others through the development of health districts.

The evolution of the post-war period that the authors experienced and describe, makes it clear that public health must be a combination of care for the population and the individual: an ‘and-and’ story, in situations where contexts may strongly differ but where basic objectives remain similar. Thereby, the North can learn from the district experiences in the South, and the South from the power of primary care and general practice in the North.
http://habibiaislamicus.com/index.php/hirj/article/view/229
Authors:   Ph.D Scholar, Dept: Islamiyat, University of Peshawar, Azizi Shirzad
Published: September 2021

Allah Ta’ala has declared Nikah with some women Haram due to His specific wisdom. Some of those women cannot be taken in Nikah for some time while the others can never be wedded to some men forever. The ones who can never be taken in Nikah are the foster siblings. Allah Ta’ala has declared Nikah permanently Haram with them. Fostering (Radha’a) means when a child drinks milk of a woman during specific age then that woman becomes its foster mother and her kids its foster siblings. Due to Radha’a, eight types of women becomes Haram for being taken in Nikah; four of them due to parentage and four because of affinity. Islamic countries have adopted provisions of Radha’a in their legal systems. They have taken the suggestions of the Majority Scholars. This study is going to discuss them in detail.
Una aproximación a la innovación inclusiva entre productores de trucha arcoíris (Oncorhynchus mykiss) del Estado de México
Authors: Sepúlveda Hernández Sara , G´omez Demetrio William , García-Mondragón David , Moctezuma Pérez Sergio
Published: September 2021

El objetivo del presente artículo es analizar unidades de producción de trucha arcoíris (Oncorhynchus mykiss) en el Estado de México para identificar capacidades y recursos organizativos frente a la innovación inclusiva. Se realizó un estudio de casos múltiple basado en entrevistas y observaciones a tres propietarios para cada tipo de Unidad de Producción de Trucha (UPT): rural empresarial, familiar organizado, familiar individual y pequeño artesanal; además de entrevistas a cinco informantes clave. Los elementos de análisis (aprendizaje para la formación de capital social, actores relevantes y relaciones) se construyeron mediante aproximación conceptual e incidentes emergentes en campo, enfocados a la innovación inclusiva. Los elementos de análisis permitieron identificar el aprendizaje como una capacidad principal de los productores para llevar a cabo innovación mediante procesos basados en prácticas de ensayo y error, socialización e internalización, de acuerdo con las necesidades y ventajas particulares de cada unidad de producción. También se encontró que las asociaciones locales de productores son las principales promotoras de innovación inclusiva; por ende, son la vía para establecer redes de colaboración entre productores, especialistas del sector académico e instancias gubernamentales en la integración de un sistema de innovación inclusiva.
Urban Security and Counterterrorism: An Approach to Proportionality
Authors: Westbrook Tegg , Schive Thomas
Published: September 2021

As cities and crowded areas increasingly become targets of terrorist plots and attacks, there is ample demand for risk assessment tools that consider proportional measures that reduce the threat, vulnerability, and possible impacts, whilst providing ‘security returns’ for those investments. There is a risk in this process of over- or under-fortifying places based on practitioners’ subjective biases, experiences, dead reckoning and conflicting agendas. Currently, risk assessments rely on qualitative tools that do not consider proportionality that removes these inherent biases. Critiquing well-known urban design strategies and national risk assessments, this article therefore seeks to develop a supplementary assessment tool – an equation for proportionality – that is more objective and is created to help practitioners make good choices, in particular on: (1) reducing the threat, (2) vulnerability, (3) impact, (4) accepting risk, and (5) measuring a security measure’s ability to deter, delay or stop an attack. It concludes that while no assessment is truly objective, the equation works to remove as much subjectivity as possible when assessing proportional urban security.
Maturity-associated variations in anthropometry, physical fitness, and sport-specific skills among young male and female futsal players
Authors: Söğüt Mustafa , Yapici Hakan , G.O. Luz Leonardo , Giudicelli Bruno , Manuel Clemente Filipe , Ahmet Doğan Ali
Published: September 2021

Purpose

The aim of this study was to determine the maturity-related variations in anthropometry, physical fitness, and sport-specific skills among young male and female futsal players.

Methods

Overall, 77 athletes (44 boys and 33 girls) aged 10.5–13.7 (12.3 ± 0.9) years were measured for stature, body mass, 2 skinfolds, as well as 3 fitness and 2 sport-specific test items.

Results

Compared with boys, girls were significantly more advanced in maturation and had greater body mass index and body fat percentage. Except for the countermovement jump result, boys outperformed girls in all fitness and sport-skill assessments. Regardless of gender, early maturing players were significantly taller and heavier and had higher body fat
percentage and grip strength than their late maturing counterparts. In boys, none of the other physical fitness and sport-specific skill measures significantly differed between contrasting maturity groups. In turn, early maturing girls had significantly better scores in all physical fitness measurements than late maturing girls. Partial correlations, with chronological age controlled as a covariate, indicated moderate to high correlations between the maturation indicator and stature and body mass in both boys and girls. Except for grip strength and dribbling tests for boys and girls, respectively, other physical fitness and sport-specific skill measures did not show a significant correlation with maturity status.

Conclusions

These results highlight that rather than with functional and sport-specific characteristics, physical maturity status may be associated with greater body size in young futsal players.
32-bit Kogge-Stone based Hybrid Adder Implemented using Standard Cells of Different Logic Families
Authors:   RV College of Engineering Bangalore, India., Singaravelan Hema , V Dr. Kiran ,   RV College of Engineering Bangalore, India.
Published: September 2021

Adders performs a critical role in all computational operations, thereby optimizing them with respect to design constraints for a system is essential. In this paper, standard cells of different logic families, namely- CMOS, Pseudo NMOS, and MGDI, are designed in Cadence Design Suite Virtuoso 6.1.7 in 180nm technology and characterized using Liberate 15.1.3. The standard cell libraries thus created are then applied to 32-bit KSA (Kogge-Stone Adder) and KSA based proposed hybrid adder that are implemented in Verilog, functionally verified on Xilinx Vivado 2020.2 and synthesized on Cadence Genus 15.22. Pseudo NMOS logic shows 14.03% area savings and MGDI offers 54.43% power saving based on area per cell over the traditional CMOS technology. It is also seen that the proposed adder offers a decrease in power and delay by 32.13% and 13.75% over KSA, respectively, in CMOS logic. Further discussions are made and suitable applications for all designs are also discussed.
Polarising Frantz Tumors – Benign And Malignant Solid Pseudopapillary Epithelial Neoplasm Of Pancreas – Twin Case Reports
Authors:   Department of Radiology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Nagar, Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu – 602105, India., Ramakrishnan Dr. Karthik Krishna , Varma Dr. Sparsh ,   Department of Radiology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Nagar, Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu – 602105, India., Govindaraju Dr. Naveen Kumar ,   Department of Radiology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Nagar, Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu – 602105, India., Rajan Dr. Seena Cheppala ,   Department of Radiology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Nagar, Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu – 602105, India., Chander Dr. Vimal ,   Department of Radiology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Nagar, Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu – 602105, India.
Published: September 2021

Solid pseudo-papillary epithelial neoplasm (SPEN), also known Hamoudi tumors or Franz tumors, are rare pancreatic neoplasm which are almost always seen in young women predominately of non-Caucasian descent with only a small minority of cases diagnosed in men [1]. The first published description of an SPN was by Frantz in 1959[2]. . It is a rare tumor comprising of less than 3 percent of all pancreatic tumor. It is seen most often in the region of tail of pancreas. This tumor is mostly asymptomatic and usually detected when it reaches large size. These are tumors with low malignant potential and rarely vascular invasion and metastatic disease can be seen in aggressive cases. Here we report two cases, one each of benign SPEN and malignant SPEN with contrasting imaging findings and polar outcomes.
Jako optimiert Versandlogistik
Authors: Sachs Melanie
Published: September 2021

Bei der Etikettierung von Versandkartons setzt der Trikotanbieter Jako auf den Leitsatz „We Are Team“. Das gilt auch beim Etikettierer selbst: Zwei Applikatoren bringen die Labels im Teamwork an verschiedenen Seiten der Kartonagen auf.
Alles in Butter
Authors: Sachs Melanie
Published: September 2021

Der Butter-Verpackungsmaschinen-Hersteller WAL Mess- und Regelsysteme setzt auf die Hygienevorteile von Trommelmotoren. Bei der Schutzklasse IP66/69 erreichen sie ein extra Plus.
Dynamische und kontinuierliche Anwendung
Authors: Sachs Melanie
Published: September 2021

Verpackungsmaschinen stellen sehr unterschiedliche Anforderungen an die Getriebetechnik. Das Spektrum reicht von dynamischen Pick-and-Place-Aufgaben bis hin zum kontinuierlichen Betrieb von Förderbändern. Variabel konfigurieren lässt sich dafür die Servo-Drive-Familie.
Sammelbehälter für Elektroaltgeräte
Authors: Röhl Thomas
Published: September 2021

Elektro- und Elektronikaltgeräte enthalten wertvolle Metalle wie Kupfer, Gold oder Seltenerdmetalle – und andere Stoffe. Diese können bei einer ordnungsgemäßen Weiterverarbeitung wiedergewonnen werden, wodurch sich Ressourcen und Umwelt schonen lassen.
Im Weizen liegt die Stärke
Authors: Sachs Melanie
Published: September 2021

Klebstoffe auf Basis von Weizenstärke können Unternehmen dabei unterstützen, nachhaltiger zu produzieren. Beim Verkleben von Wellpappe behindern sie den späteren Recyclingprozess der Verpackungen nicht.
Auf dem Weg zum grünen Verpackungsstahl
Authors: Sachs Melanie
Published: September 2021

Weg von der Kohle, hin zum Wasserstoff. Daran arbeitet das Unternehmen Thyssenkrupp. So soll in Zukunft nachhaltiger Verpackungsstahl in größeren Mengen entstehen.
Isolationssystem aus Zellulose
Authors: Sachs Melanie
Published: September 2021

Die neuartige Versandisolierung Paperfloc besteht aus Zellulosefasern. Aus in einem speziellen Prozess zerkleinertem Altpapier entstehen später Isoliermatten oder -taschen. Nicht nur Lebensmittel lassen sich damit klimaneutral versenden.
Standfähige Papierbeutel für Mehle und Flocken
Authors: Sachs Melanie
Published: September 2021

Der Demeter-Betrieb Bauckhof verpackt glutenfreie Flocken und Mehle in Papierbeutel. Mithilfe der Verpackungsmaschine Rovema SBS Twin lässt sich problemlos zwischen verschiedenen Beutelkopfformen, Packstoffen und Formatgrößen umstellen – auch auf Blockbodenbeutel.
Smarte Kennzeichnung
Authors: Röhl Thomas
Published: September 2021

Die Allgäuer Bernardi Bräu setzt auf eine innovative Lösung bei der Flaschenkennzeichnung: eine wartungsfreie Thermal Inkjet Drucktechnologie. Zeitgleich testet die Brauerei eine Drehgeber-Alternative.
Lösungen für optimierte Rüstzeiten
Authors: Schuh Jürgen
Published: September 2021

„Formatverstellung“ ist nicht unbedingt ein Begriff, der in der Pharma-Branche sofort aufhorchen lässt. Wenn man jedoch die Herausforderungen in der pharmazeutischen Produktion betrachtet, die von Kosten- und Wettbewerbsdruck sowie strengen Regularien geprägt sind, bedeutet eine intelligente Formatverstellung Wettbewerbsvorteile in Sachen Effizienz, Produktqualität und Prozesssicherheit.
Ventilinseln optimieren Abfüllanlage
Authors: Sachs Melanie
Published: September 2021

Im Markt des Verpackungsmaschinenbaus konzentriert sich die Schweizer Embaplan auf flexible Abfüllanlagen für kleine Stückzahlen. Damit richtet sich das Unternehmen an regionale Erzeuger von hochwertigen Lebensmitteln. Kürzlich hat das Unternehmen eine Maschinenbaureihe grundlegend überarbeitet und mit einer Ventilinsel von SMC zusätzliche Flexibilität und Leistung in die Anlagen eingebracht.
Lebensmittel zuverlässig sortiert und verpackt
Authors: Sachs Melanie
Published: September 2021

Für die Unilever-Marken Knorr und Lipton hat das türkische Automatisierungsunternehmen Kibele-Pims hochautomatisierte Lebensmittelverpackungssysteme entwickelt und implementiert. Sie basieren auf Bildverarbeitungssystemen des kanadischen Entwicklers Teledyne Dalsa.
Kompetent und zuverlässig
Authors: Geiger Michaela
Published: September 2021

«Wir sind erst dann zufrieden, wenn unsere Kunden zufrieden sind», ist die Maxime des Reifengrosshändlers Göggel. Das Familienunternehmen hat mehrere Verpackungslinien erneuert und dabei auf die Technik von Saropack gesetzt.
Die Verpackung wird virusresistent
Authors: Geiger Michaela
Published: September 2021

Die Entwicklung von Wellpappverpackungen mit Virusschutz liegt im Trend, vor allem im E-Commerce und im Lebensmittelbereich. Verpackungshersteller reagieren damit auf ein deutlich gesteigertes Interesse von Kunden und Konsumenten an hygienisch verpackten Produkten.
«Dramatisch zugespitzte Situation»
Authors: Geiger Michaela
Published: September 2021

Die Hersteller von Kunststoffverpackungen in der Schweiz wie im Rest von Europa melden verschärfte Versorgungsengpässe bei verschiedenen Rohstoffen. Wie brisant die Lage tatsächlich ist, fragte PACKaktuell nach bei Patrick Semadeni, CEO der Semadeni Group und Vizepräsident des Verbands Kunststoff.Swiss.
Kurze Lieferzeiten ab Lager
Authors: Geiger Michaela
Published: September 2021

Mit Lieferengpässen aufgrund der Corona-Pandemie überdenken viele Unternehmen ihre Zulieferwege. Die weltweit tätige Beck Automation AG mit Hauptsitz in Oberengstringen ZH bietet ihre IML-Technologie ab Lager an, um Kunden in weniger als zehn Wochen beliefern zu können.
Top-Awards für Transportboxen
Authors: Geiger Michaela
Published: September 2021

Der Verpackungsspezialist Storopack ist mit gleich zwei «Worldstar Packaging Awards 2021» ausgezeichnet worden – in der Kategorie «Electronics» für die Lösung «The Box», an der Storopack für den Kunden Living Packets mitgewirkt hat, und in der Kategorie «Medical & Pharmaceutical» für die Onco-System Transportbox.
Enhanced comfort and safety in future cockpit design
Authors: Willems Lotte
Published: September 2021

Lotte Willems, business development manager, TNO at Holst Centre, highlights the latest in car interiors: transparent displays, safe and programmable interfaces and sensing chairs
Making smart living smarter
Authors: Hanlon Alastair
Published: September 2021

Alastair Hanlon, chief commercial officer at PragmatIC Semiconductor (Cambridge, UK) discusses low-cost RFID, flexible electronics and sensors as technological foundations for truly smart living
SEVERAL DIMENSIONS, ANTHROPOMETRIC INDICES AND NUTRITIONAL CONDITION OF FRESHMEN IN HANOI MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, YEAR 2019-2020
Authors: Xuan Khoa Ngo , Gia Vinh Le , Quang Huy Tran , Tuan Son Nguyen , Thai Ha Duong Nguyen , Huong Giang Ngo
Published: September 2021

Our aim is to describe the morphology, physical and nutritional status of Vietnamese medical students in the late years of second decade of the 21th Centery. A research about physical form included 861 freshmen (335 male, 526 female) from Hanoi Medical University (2019 - 2020): Male students’ physical form measurement and figures are much better than female students’ and these indices is largely better than the previous studies of other authors. Physical form seems to increase by the time, after 45 years: male was 9.5 cm higher and 15.9 kg heavier, female was 7.0 cm higher and 5.8 kg heavier. In comparison with students in 2007, male students were8.5 kgs heavier and female students were 3.9 kgs heavier. In comparison with a research ten years ago, the height of male and female increased 4.2 cm and 3.3 cm, respectively. According to an Asian - Pacific population classification, students from Hanoi Medical University had medium weight.
IDENTIFICATION OF MALASSEZIA SPECIES AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF ATOPIC DERMATITIS
Authors: Cam Van Tran , Van Hieu Nguyen
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, recurrent inflammatory skin disease that is characterized by an eczematous reaction. Few studies have investigated fungi in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis, however, there are different about distribution of Malassezia species. Objectives: To indentificate of Malassezia species and its asociation with clinical manifestations in Vietnamese atopic dermatitis patient. Methods: 178 patients who were diagnosed with atopic dermatitis and had a postitive direct examination of Malassezia at the National hospital of dermatology and venereology between July 2019 and June 2020.  Specimens were taken with cellotape, then stained in 20% of potassium hydroxit combined with ParkerTM blue black ink.  All patient who had postive test were cultured on SDA and mDixon. For fungal samples, we selected pure colonies with morphological characteristics of yeast as follows about 1cm in diameter, round, cream or milky in color, smooth and glossy to detect the species. Results: From the samples of atopic dermatitis patients, we cultured and idenfified 41 cases. 5 species were found, in which M. globosa was the most common species, accounting for 39%, followed by M. restricta (19.5%), M. dermatis (17.1%),  M. furfur (17.1%) and M. sympodialis (2.4%). Conclusion: On the skin lesions of Vietnamese patients with atopic dermatitis, M. globosa was the most common species with 39.0%.
Sobre el ministerio eclesial (II)
Authors: González Faus José Ignacio
Published: September 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

Revista latinoamericana de teología, Vol. 6, No. 16, 1989: 45-88.
Recensiones, No. 16
Authors: Latinoamericana de Teología Revista
Published: September 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

Revista latinoamericana de teología, Vol. 6, No. 16, 1989: 131-137.
Utopía y profetismo desde América Latina
Authors: Ellacuría Ignacio
Published: September 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

Revista latinoamericana de teología, Vol. 6, No. 17, 1989: 141-184.
Recensiones, No. 17
Authors: Latinoamericana de Teología Revista
Published: September 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

Revista latinoamericana de teología, Vol. 6, No. 17, 1989: 237-247.
La hermenéutica palabra-vida, hermenéutica de los pobres
Authors: Parra Alberto
Published: September 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

Revista latinoamericana de teología, Vol. 6, No. 18, 1989: 365-377.
Décimo aniversario de Monseñor Romero
Authors: Latinoamericana de Teología Revista
Published: September 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

Revista latinoamericana de teología, Vol. 7, No. 19, 1990: 3-4.
Comentarios de libros. Monseñor Romero en algunos escritos recientes
Authors: Latinoamericana de Teología Revista
Published: September 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

Revista latinoamericana de teología, Vol. 7, No. 19, 1990: 89-106.
Martirio en la UCA
Authors: Hernández Pico Juan
Published: September 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

Revista latinoamericana de teología, Vol. 7, No. 21, 1990: 235-254.
Building climate diplomacy back better: imagining the UNFCCC meetings of tomorrow
Authors:   Stockholm Environment Institute, Klein Richard , Harris Katy , Bakhtaoui Inès , Lager Frida , Lindblom Andrea , Carson Marcus
Published: September 2021

The OnCliNe project initially set out to assess feasibility of “online climate negotiations” pre-COVID-19 pandemic. This report addresses how meetings under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) could be held online in ways that increase the effectiveness, inclusiveness and transparency of the UNFCCC process.
Analysis of educational programs of universities of the Republic of Kazakhstan, graduating specialists in designing the urban environment and its elements
Authors:   S.Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Abdrashitova Т.A. , Chikanayev A.Sh. ,   LLCs Research and Design Institue «Астанагенплан», Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
Published: September 2021

This article is devoted to the study of perspective direction and educational programs of higher education institutions of the Republic of Kazakhstan that produce specialists who are competent in the design of urban space, as well as its elements. The study was conducted on the basis of an analysis of educational programs (architectural design, landscape design, architecture, urban planning) for applicants entering higher educational institutions of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the 2020 academic year.
Methods for the reconstruction of Paris during the period 1850-1870
Authors:   KazATU named after S. Seifullin, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Mammеdov S. E.
Published: September 2021

The article analyzes the history of the reconstruction of Paris from the 1850s to the 1870s. Within the framework of this study, the causes and methods of reconstruction were identified.
New regionalism in the architecture of the XXI century
Authors:   International Educational Corporation (KAZGASА Campus), Almaty,  Kazakhstan, Murzagalieva E.T.
Published: September 2021

The article deals with the concept of «new regionalism» in architecture, due to the political and economic resources, socio-cultural, historical features of the area. Examples of the new architecture are given, expressing the identity of the area through a modern interpretation of traditional forms and techniques, supported by advanced technologies and materials. The emergence of new regionalism in architecture can influence the development of countries and their national self-determination.
Determining the optimal parameters of landscape architectural elements
Authors:   M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Shymkent, Kazakhstan, Yussupova A.A. , Yussupov A.N. ,   M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Shymkent, Kazakhstan, Nsanbayev B.S. ,   M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Shymkent, Kazakhstan
Published: September 2021

The necessity of the development of architecture in modern economic conditions raises new challenges to architects and builders: the design of architectural objects in accordance with international standards. In this regard, this article discusses the harmonization of the architectural environment with using of the Corbusier Modulor. Examples of the tasks for students from the modern practice of architecture and urban planning are given. Modulor Corbusier combines the canons of the Golden ratio and the proportions of human size. The table for the use of the Modulor in educational design for the finding of harmonious sizes of architectural structures and design products is given. Specific examples of correction of small architectural forms parameters, contours of buildings and constructions, width and length, elements of alleys, and flower gardens are stated. Here, it is necessary to pay attention to the fact that the sketches of projects seamlessly comply with the terrain, which is very important for the architectural and artistic expressiveness of city parks, squares, and suburban recreational areas.
Analysis of constructive solutions for roofing
Authors:   International Educational Corporation (KazGASА Campus), Almaty, Kazakhstan, Dubinin A.A. , Duguchiev D.S. ,   International Educational Corporation (KazGASА Campus), Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: September 2021

This article analyzes the existing design solutions for roofing.
The climate potential of atmospheric self-purification in Ust-Kamenogorsk
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Kabdykadyrov A.A. , Zubova O.A. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Mukanova G.A. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Dauletbaeva M.M. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Voronova N.V. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: September 2021

The article analyzes the conditions of the influence of meteorological and climatic factors on the level of atmospheric pollution, which contribute to the self-purification of the atmosphere from pollutants in industrial centers, using the example of Ust-Kamenogorsk. Methods for calculating the meteorological potential of dispersion of impurities and self-purification of the atmosphere from pollutants are considered. The parameters of the climatic potential of the atmospheric scattering capacity in Ust-Kamenogorsk are calculated. The work carried out contributes to the further analysis of the regional assessment of the ecological state of the atmosphere of a large industrial center.
Ecological status of the Ayusai gorge
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty,  Kazakhstan, Pavlichenko L.M. , Imangalieva A.K. ,   KazATK named after M. Tynyshpayev, Almaty,  Kazakhstan, Cherkasova A.N. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty,  Kazakhstan, Abdreshov Sh.A. ,   KazATK named after M. Tynyshpayev, Almaty,  Kazakhstan, Bimagambetova L.N. ,   KazATK named after M. Tynyshpayev, Almaty,  Kazakhstan
Published: September 2021

In the context of the increasing pace of economic development of the country and the increased use of natural resources, the issue of further improving the system of territorial protection of nature, primarily specially protected areas, is becoming urgent. The article presents the results of studies of the ecological state of the gorge Ayusay, which is part of the Ile-Alatau National Park for the period prior to the change of the modes of nature in connection with the rental and the beginning of the construction of a visitor center, i.e. in fact, the results of background studies of the influence of previously existing accumulators of mixed household waste of vacationers. The results of testing of soil, vegetation, surface water, and air showed low concentrations of polluting components in all samples. However, a comparative analysis of the results, taking into account the location of the sampling, revealed a tendency to increase their concentrations with a decrease in altitude, i.e., pollution increases in the direction of movement towards the city. The decrease in concentrations characteristic of motor transport in the direction of contamination of the underground stream in the direction of the draining flow of surface water indicates the main role of highways in the pollution processes.
Radiomics in oncology - uncovering tumor phenotype from medical images: a short introduction
Authors: Pavic Matea , Van Timmeren Janita
Published: September 2021

Radiomics is a promising method to quantify and describe the tumor phenotype on medical images. High numbers of image features are extracted from medical images and can be used within a clinical decision support system by integrating this data with clinical and pathological variables. Herein, we give a short introduction into this image analysis method and present an overview on the workflow.
HUBUNGAN PENERAPAN PIJAT PERINEUM UNTUK MENGURANGI RUPTUR PERINEUM SAAT PERSALINAN DI KLINIK PRATAMA RATNA KOMALA TAHUN 2020
Authors: Siregar Renince
Published: September 2021

Kejadian laserasi perineum perlu dilakukan pencegahan, salah satunya dengan pemijatan perineum. Perineum adalah area kulit antara liang vagina dengan anus (dubur) yang dapat robek ketika melahirkan (Herdiana, 2014). Pijat perineum adalah salah satu cara yang paling kuno dan paling pasti untuk meningkatkan kesehatan aliran darah, elastisitas, dan relaksasi otot otot dasar panggul (Hadiningsih 2014 :155). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Mengetahui “Hubungan Penerapan Pijat Perineum Untuk Mengurangi Ruptur Perineum Saat Persalinan  di Klinik Pratama Ratna Komala Tahun 2020 ”. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh  ibu bersalin yang ikut kelas Pijat perineum  50 orang pada periode bulan Mei 2020. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah ibu bersalin yang mengikuti kelas penerapan pijat perineum diri pada saat penelitian mulai  Mei dan ibu bersalin yang memiliki data lengkap dengan metode pengambilan sample menggunakan Teknik total sampling. Hasilnya penelitian ini menujukan bahwa terdapat hubungan Penerapan Pijat Perineum Untuk Mengurangi Ruptur Perineum Saat Persalinan hal ini dapat dilihat dari hasil penelitian nilai p = 0,002 (p<0,05). Diharapkan ibu hamil yang menjelang persalinan mengkuti kelas anenatal penerapan pijat perineum agar dapat  proses persalinan dapat berjalan sesuai dengan keadaaan atau masih kondisi baik, dan menguraingi terjadinya rupture perineum atau episiotomy.
Feministisempää poliittisen talouden tutkimusta
Authors: Elomäki Anna , Ylöstalo Hanna
Published: September 2021

Taloustieteen, talouspolitiikan ja taloutta koskevan julkisen keskustelun tavoin myös poliittisen talouden tutkimus on Suomessa ollut varsin miehistä, eivätkä feministiset näkökulmat ole olleet sen keskiössä. Puheenvuorossaan Poliittinen talous -lehden uudet päätoimittajat Anna Elomäki ja Hanna Ylöstalo esittelevät feministisiä näkökulmia poliittisen talouden tutkimukseen. He tuovat esiin kaksi feministisen poliittisen talouden tutkimuksen erityistä kontribuutiota poliittisen talouden keskusteluun. Ensinnäkin, feministinen tutkimus on lisännyt ymmärrystä taloudesta paitsi poliittisena, myös sukupuolittuneena järjestelmänä. Toiseksi, feministinen tutkimus on haastanut talousteorialle ja talouspolitiikalle tyypillisen erottelun uusintavan ja tuottavan työn ja talouden välillä teoretisoimalla sosiaalista uusintamista ja hoivaavaa taloutta. Puheenvuorossa pohditaan myös feministisen poliittisen talouden näkökulmien selitysvoimaa käytännössä tarkastelemalla niiden avulla koronakriisiä. Koronakriisi on syventänyt sukupuolittunutta ja rodullistunutta epätasa-arvoa, lisännyt sosiaaliseen uusintamiseen kohdistuvia paineita ja vahvistanut finansialisoituneen kapitalismin ja 2010-luvun talouskurin tuottamaa sosiaalisen uusintamisen kriisiä.
Klassisen talousteorian modernia soveltamista – katsaus Anwar Shaikhin talousteoriaan
Authors: Kumpulainen Joonas
Published: September 2021

Tämän katsausartikkelin tarkoituksena on antaa lyhyt mutta systemaattinen johdatus Anwar Shaikhin talousteoreettiseen ajatteluun. Pyrin artikkelissa aiempaa kotimaista keskustelua systemaattisempaan ja kattavampaan esitykseen Shaikhin pääteoksen Capitalism: Competition, Conflict, Crises (2016) tärkeimmistä sisällöistä ja niiden eroista suhteessa vallitsevaan talousajatteluun. Arvioin myös, mitä teos voisi tarjota nykyiselle taloustieteelle ja kuinka teosta voidaan hyödyntää poliittisen talouden ja taloussosiologian alojen tutkimuksessa.
Vankina kaivoksen talouskirouksessa
Authors: Laihonen Maarit
Published: September 2021

Kirja-arvio:

Kauppinen, Juha & Oinaala, Sampsa. Talvivaaran vangit. Kustannusosakeyhtiö Siltala, Helsinki, 2016.

Erola, Marko. Kirottu kaivos. Totuuden jäljillä Talvivaarassa. Talentum, Helsinki, 2014.
Kuinka riidellä taloustieteilijöiden kanssa?
Authors: Eranti Veikko
Published: September 2021

Kirja-arvio: Dani Rodrik: Economics rules. Rights and wrongs of the dismal science. W.W. Norton & Company, New York, 253 sivua. 2015.
Johdatus symposiumiin: kestävän talouden ja vahvan kestävyyden jäljillä
Authors: Sorsa Ville-Pekka
Published: September 2021

Kestävä talous -symposiumin pääkirjoituksen tarkoituksena on sekä johdatella lukijat kestävyyden käsitteeseen ja erikoisnumeron antiin että pohtia laajemmin sitä, mitä kestävyyden käsitteen vakavasti ottamisessa on panoksena. Artikkelissa esitellään lyhyesti kestävyyden käsitteen erilaisista käyttötavoista ja asiayhteyksistä tehtyä tutkimusta sekä tarkastellaan symposiumin annin valossa sitä, millaisia mahdollisuuksia ja rajoitteita kestävyyden käsitteen vakavasti ottamiseen liittyy.

Kestävä talous -symposium on saanut julkaisemiseen tukea Palkansaajasäätiöltä.
Mistä Suomen talouskasvu alkoi?
Authors: Poropudas Olli
Published: September 2021

Artikkelin tarkoituksena on vastata kysymykseen, miksi Suomen (Venäjän keisarikuntaan kuuluneen Suomen suuriruhtinaskunnan) talouskasvu käynnistyi 1800-luvun jälkipuolella (1860–1913). Talouskasvu on määritelty bruttokansantuotteen lisääntymiseksi henkeä kohti. Artikkelissa todetaan, että Suomen talouskasvu toteutui pitkälle Adam Smithin ja Karl Marxin kasvuteorioiden mukaisesti. Suomen talouskasvu käynnistyi kahdessa vaiheessa. Ensimmäisessä vaiheessa, 1860–1880 -luvuilla kasvun takana oli viennin, toisessa vaiheessa – 1880-luvun lopulta ensimmäiseen maailmansotaan – kotimarkkinoiden laajeneminen. Keskeisin ja kaiken taloudellisen toiminnan läpitunkeva tekijä oli siirtyminen markkinatalouteen, jonka ytimenä olivat maatalouden kaupallistuminen sekä sen ja teollisuuden välinen vaihto. Markkinatalouteen siirtymisen taustalla oli Venäjän politiikan muutos, joka oli seurausta keisarikunnan tappiosta Krimin sodassa 1853–1856. Aikaisemman tutkimuksen metsäsektori-, teknologia- ja institutionaalinen tulkinta tarjoavat välttämättömät ainesosat Suomen 1800-luvun talouskasvun käynnistymisen selittämiseksi. Kuitenkaan mikään niistä ei yksin eikä yhdessäkään tunkeudu riittävän syvälle muutoksen syihin. Uusmarxilaisen tutkimuksen tulkintalinja on korostanut kapitalistisen kehityksen kielteisiä puolia. Mutta tulkintalinja projisoi nykyisyyden menneisyyteen, so. menneisyys ajatellaan nykyisen kaltaisena. Verrattuna merkantilistisen politiikan kuristamaan omavaraiseen maatalouteen kapitalistinen markkinatalous on edistyksellinen ilmiö. Markkinataloutta on kiittäminen maamme talouden nykyisestä vahvasta suorituskyvystä ja sen tuomasta korkeasta elintasosta.
Kapitalismi maailmanekologiana
Authors: Toivanen Tero
Published: September 2021

Kirja-arvio: Jason W. Moore (2015) Capitalism in the Web of Life. Ecology and the Accumulation of Capital. Lontoo: Verso.
Onko yliopisto- ja tiedemaailma suistumassa spekulatiiviseen kuplaan? Pohdintaa Shillerin kuplateorian pohjalta.
Authors: Altarriba Elias
Published: September 2021

Tässä artikkelissa pohditaan mahdollisuutta, että yliopisto- ja tiedemaailmaan on kehittymässä spekulatiivinen kupla, sekä tämän ilmeneviä tunnusmerkkejä. Asiaa tarkastellaan

Shillerin spekulatiivisten kuplien kehitysteoriaan nojautuen. Erityisesti kiinnitetään huomiota suistumistekijöiden ja vahvistusmekanismien tarkasteluun. Nykymuotoinen julkaisukäytäntö, yksinkertaistettujen mittareiden laaja käyttö monimutkaisten asiakokonaisuuksien tarkastelemiseksi sekä rahoituksen järjestäminen näiden mittareiden antamien tulosten perusteella muodostavat itseään vahvistavia takaisinkytkentämekanismeja. Näissä mekanismeissa kasvun ja mahdollisuuksien rajat tulevat jossain vaiheessa vastaan. Lopuksi pohditaan myös yleisluontoisesti kuplan saturaatiopisteen saavuttamista ja sen mahdollisia seurauksia.
Ação voluntária como agente modificador da estrutura social realizada por estudantes de engenharia aliados ao poder público
Authors: Victer Francisco , Neto Severino Virgínio Martins , Monteiro Yan de Azevedo
Published: September 2021

Este artigo exibe a metodologia adotada pelo projeto voluntário denominado “Engenhando a Cidade”, criado por três estudantes do curso de engenharia da Escola Politécnica da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. O objetivo desta iniciativa é contribuir para políticas públicas voltadas a intervenções de melhorias em lugares carentes na Ilha do Governador, A metodologia do grupo Engenhando a Cidade baseia-se nos conhecimentos técnicos adquiridos na faculdade aplicados a projetos sociais e de cidadania voluntários. Estudos técnicos preliminares são elaborados em forma de memoriais descritivos para subsidiar a elaboração dos termos de referência, assim como projetos simplificados para problemas identificados pelas comunidades, algumas em áreas consideradas de risco e que nem sempre são decodificadas adequadamente quanto aos parâmetros para atendimento a demandas mínimas. O trabalho em questão apresenta um estudo de caso das ações realizadas nas comunidades da Praia da Rosa e Sapucaia que culminaram com intervenções de melhorias por órgãos públicos estaduais.
INFLUENCE OF THE DRUG USERS HIV INFECTION INCIDENCE TO THE HIV MORBIDITY OF MINSK POPULATION
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, Shylava М.A. , Valchiik I.N. ,   Belarusian State Medical University, Dotsenko М.L. ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: September 2021

The HIV epidemic is concentrated mainly among key groups, and people who inject drugs (PWID) have an important place among them. HIV incidence among PWID and the total Minsk population in 2010-2019 fluctuated within the range of 10.27 (2013)-160.76 (2015) cases per 1000 PWID and 9.63 (2012)—41.00 (2015) per 100 000 of Minsk population. Average long-term incidence rates were 51.61 per 1000 PWID and 22.42 per 100 000 of Minsk population, respectively. The analyzed time interval characterized by a long-term trend towards an increase in morbidity in both analyzed groups with an average growth rate of 17.25 % (p < 0.01) and 12.62 % (p < 0.05). There is a direct linear dependence between the HIV incidence in the total Minsk population and the HIV morbidity among PWID (R2 = 0.96, p < 0.01). The presence of autocorrelation in the data series (0.52 and 0.43, respectively) indicates a high potential effectiveness of prevention programs among PWID, which will affect the HIV incidence rates of the total Minsk population also.
ASSESMENT OF FATIGUE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC LIVER DISEASES
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, Golubeva М.D. , Darafeyeva К.V. ,   Belarusian State Medical University, Danilau D.E. ,   Belarusian State Medical University, Litvinchuk D.V. ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: September 2021

To determine the most sensitive questionnaire for the detection of fatigue in patients with chronic liver diseases, 61 patients with chronic liver diseases were inpatient treatment at the City Infectious Diseases Clinical were interviewed. And 72 relatively healthy responses were interviewed using Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire, the Short Form-36, the Fatigue Assessment Scale. The study was conducted between November 2019 and March 2020. The severity of fatigue and declining quality of life was correlated with the presence of chronic liver diseases, excess body weight, and female sex. The Short Form-36 questionnaire showed greater sensitivity for assessing fatigue in people with chronic liver diseases compared to the Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire. The Fatigue Assessment Scale didn't reveal reliable differences between the groups being compared.
ANALYSIS OF INDICATORS OF HYPOTHALAMO-HIPOPHYSEAL-ADRENAL SYSTEM IN PERSONS WHO HAD SUICIDE ATTEMPTS
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, Davidouski S.V. , Ibragimova J.A. , Leonov N.N. , Chodosovskaya L.V. , Goncharik A.V. , Kartun L.V. , Kalesnikava T. , Semiarykhina S.
Published: September 2021

Annotation: suicide – can be considered as a reaction in a stressful situation. The decisive role in the development of the stress reaction belongs to the hypothalamic­hipophyseal­adrenal system. Materials and methods: the content of corticoliberin, adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol in the peripheral blood of persons who committed suicidal attempts. The comparison group (GC) consisted of persons who experienced stress, who had not previously committed. The presence of a statistical relationship between the study groups was tested using the nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test. Pairwise comparison of distributions by the Mann-Whitney test with Bonferroni correction for the level of significance. When identifying the relationship by non-parametric criteria, an additional one-way analysis of variance was performed, which makes it possible to compare the average values of the indicators. Results: in males, an increase in the hypothalamic-hipophyseal-adrenal system hormones is noted. Statistically significant differences in hormone cortisol were found between GC and the group of people who used highly lethal methods of self-harm and are based on the differences in the group of men over 40 years old. In females, no statistically significant differences were found between the groups. Cunclusion: 1. Statistically significant differences between the groups were noted in the severity of motivation to commit suicide and the hormone Cortisol. 2. Statistically significant differences in the hormone Cortisol were due to the presence of differences between males over 40 years old. 3. In females, there were no statistically significant differences between hormonal indices.
ХАРАКТЕР ПСИХО-ЭМОЦИОНАЛЬНЫХ РАССТРОЙСТВ У ЖЕНЩИН, ОБЛУЧЕННЫХ ВО ВРЕМЯ АВАРИИ НА ЧАЭС
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, Odintsova-Stozharova D.A. , Mozheiko L.F. ,   Belarusian State Medical University, Stozharov А.N. ,   Belarusian State Medical University, Vainshtein L.A. ,   Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics
Published: September 2021

The accident at the 4th Power Unit of the Chernobyl NPP on April 26, 1986 is estimated worldwide as one of the most severe disasters in the history of nuclear energy, which resulted in the irradiation of various population categories. Pregnant women represent a special category of victims, since external and internal radiation affected not only the female body, but also the developing fetus. The study of such irradiation consequences is extremely important, since long-term monitoring of the state of health will make it possible to find out the main mechanisms of post-radiation effects on female and children. The aim of this work was to assess the psycho-emotional characteristics in 2 women groups. The first group is women who were irradiated due to the incorporation of radioactive iodine by the thyroid gland in April-May 1986 and were at different pregnancy stages. The second group was analyzed as a control, identical in basic parameters to the first, except that at the time of radiation exposure to iodine-131 they have not been pregnant. The severity of post-traumatic stress disorder was analyzed using a self-reporting technique using the PCL-S questionnaire. The psychological distress degree was determined using the K-6 questionnaire. The analysis of the relationship of post-traumatic stress disorder and psychological distress was carried out, the factor structure with the assessment of the contribution of latent factors, as well as inter-factor relationships were studied. A relationship between most factors of posttraumatic stress disorder and psychological distress was revealed, which may indicate the possibility of a causal relationship between the psychological status of women and the risk of somatic pathology in them. It was revealed that radiation is the direct cause of psychological maladaptation in studied women.
Reconstruction of global surface ocean pCO2 using region-specific predicators based on a stepwise FFNN regression algorithm
Authors: Zhong Guorong , Li Xuegang , Song Jinming , Qu Baoxiao , Wang Fan , Wang Yanjun , Zhang Bin , Sun Xiaoxia , Zhang Wuchang , Wang Zhenyan , Ma Jun , Yuan Huamao , Duan Liqin
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Various machine learning methods were attempted in the global mapping of surface ocean partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) to reduce the uncertainty of global ocean CO2 sink estimate due to undersampling of pCO2. In previous researches the predicators of pCO2 were usually selected empirically based on theoretic drivers of surface ocean pCO2 and same combination of predictors were applied in all areas unless lack of coverage. However, the differences between the drivers of surface ocean pCO2 in different regions were not considered. In this work, we combined the stepwise regression algorithm and a Feed Forward Neural Network (FFNN) to selected predicators of pCO2 based on mean absolute error in each of the 11 biogeochemical provinces defined by Self-Organizing Map (SOM) method. Based on the predicators selected, a monthly global 1° × 1° surface ocean pCO2 product from January 1992 to August 2019 was constructed. Validation of different combination of predicators based on the SOCAT dataset version 2020 and independent observations from time series stations was carried out. The prediction of pCO2 based on region-specific predicators selected by the stepwise FFNN algorithm were more precise than that based on predicators from previous researches. Appling of a FFNN size improving algorithm in each province decreased the mean absolute error (MAE) of global estimate to 11.32 μatm and the root mean square error (RMSE) to 17.99 μatm. The script file of the stepwise FFNN algorithm and pCO2 product are distributed through the Institute of Oceanology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Marine Science Data Center (IOCAS; http://dx.doi.org/10.12157/iocas.2021.0022, Zhong et al., 2021).