bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Competencias en ingeniería y eficacia institucional
Authors: Giordano Lerena Roberto , Cirimelo Sandra
Published: January 2015

Se exponen en este trabajo las competencias básicas de egreso esperadas para el ingeniero argentino, consensuadas por el Consejo Federal de Decanos de Ingeniería de Argentina, como una expresión de la meta respecto a las expectativas de formación de los egresados para las escuelas de ingeniería de ese país. Además, se expone la primera experiencia de medición de la efectividad institucional en la formación de ingenieros realizada en la Argentina, a partir del relevamiento de la percepción de los egresados respecto de las competencias genéricas buscadas. Todo esto con el propósito de dar a conocer la expresión de tales competencias y compartir la experiencia desarrollada, a efectos de promover este tipo de proyectos institucionales. En el desarrollo del trabajo, los autores reflexionan sobre la concepción actual de la sociedad respecto del egresado universitario y la consecuente necesidad de las universidades de ser efectivas en ese fin y de saber, además, cuan efectivas resultan en cuanto a dotar de competencias a sus profesionales. Finalmente, se concluye en lo valioso de la experiencia y se señala que el análisis del grado de percepción del nivel de desarrollo de estas competencias por parte de los graduados contribuye al análisis y diagnostico institucional, y constituye un insumo significativo para el análisis, diseño e implementación procesos de gestión y cambio.
Estrategia para el desarrollo de aprendizajes en ingeniería basado en robótica educativa y competitiva: caso Universitaria de Investigación y Desarrollo, UDI
Authors: Zabala Vargas Sergio Andrés , Pérez López Jhon Albert , Rodríguez Hernández Henry Fernando
Published: January 2015

En el marco del desarrollo de competencias propias y transversales de ingeniería, se han venido implementado durante décadas metodologías, herramientas, estrategias y experimentos para su consolidación en los estudiantes de grados finales de la media vocacional y en los primeros semestres de las universidades. Dentro de esta noción se presenta el actual proyecto, el cual desarrolla una experiencia piloto de incorporación de las TIC en el currículo, generando una clara estrategia de innovación para la formación. Esto establecido en el entorno de colegios públicos y privados en el área metropolitana de Bucaramanga, así como en la realidad de los estudiantes de Ingeniería Electrónica de la Universitaria de Investigación y Desarrollo (UDI). Para lograr un proceso de implementación viable y coherente con las aptitudes y actitudes de los estudiantes, así como los requerimientos académicos y del entorno productivo de estos, se ha recurrido a la robótica, y más específicamente a la competitiva, para estimular competencias propias de modelado, diseño e implementación de productos. Este trabajo ha permitido recurrir a una estrategia integradora donde los estudiantes realizan diferentes fases propias de proyectos de ingeniería: 1. analizan el reto dispuesto, 2. el diseño mecánico de un dispositivo, generalmente móvil, 3. La etapa electrónica, tanto de control como de manipulación directa de actuadores; con estos elementos es posible generar 4. Un prototipo competitivo, que se pueda validar para realimentar información y plantear estrategias de mejoramiento continuo.
Resultados sobre la relación entre la toma de decisiones, la comunicación y el manejo de las TIC en Pymes del sector industrial
Authors: Mosquera Laverde William , Rojas Melo Luisa , Grillo Torres Camilo Maurcio
Published: January 2015

En el presente artículo se desarrolla una reflexión sobre algunos aspectos gerenciales débiles, en especial la comunicación organizacional y el manejo de las tic en las Pymes, por medio de una investigación de tipo cualitativo exploratorio de como las Pymes enfrentan  los desarrollos tecnológicos y los emplean en la toma de decisiones, y con los resultados obtenidos se plantean las posibles gestiones correctas a implementar en la empresa y las estrategias a diseñar para afrontar los TLC vigentes. Por último, se presentan las ventajas de ser eficiente comunicacionalmente a través del desarrollo e implementación de medidas operativas e informáticas, mostrando algunas herramientas de gestión que se deben adoptar para mejorar productividad en Colombia.
Variables influyentes en la elección entre carretera y ferrocarril para carga general de comercio exterior
Authors: Pineda Jaramillo Juan Diego , Sarmiento Iván
Published: January 2015

Aunque el transporte de carga por carretera presenta muchos inconvenientes en Colombia, no existe un estudio que demuestre cuáles son las variables que influyen en la elección de un modo para transportar carga, para saber si realmente sería útil un ferrocarril para una determinada región. En este estudio se realiza una investigación cualitativa a través de las técnicas de grupo focal con las empresas importantes de una región, ilustrándose la metodología con el caso de Antioquia; de esta manera, se logran conocer las variables que influyen en la elección de un modo de transporte por parte de las empresas que exportan e importan mercancías. Estas variables serán importantes para futuros trabajos de estimación de la demanda.
Redistribución de planta y programación de la producción: un enfoque integrado
Authors: Jaramillo Daniel , Uriarte Juliana , Cardona Luis F.
Published: January 2015

La preocupación principal de las empresas al realizar un proyecto de redistribución de planta es la interrupción de las operaciones de manufactura mientras se trasladan los departamentos. Este artículo presenta un modelo de optimización para programar el traslado de los departamentos y la producción, de tal manera que se garantice el cumplimiento de la demanda durante la ejecución del proyecto de redistribución de planta. Con este propósito, se planteó un modelo de programación lineal entera mixta (pem) que minimiza los costos de traslado de los departamentos, asegura el cumplimiento de la demanda y limita la duración del proyecto a un máximo establecido. Los resultados muestran que cuando la utilización promedio de la maquinaria de la planta es mayor al 60%, el proyecto de redistribución y la programación de la producción son interdependientes, por lo tanto es necesario utilizar un enfoque integrado como el propuesto en este artículo. Este se deriva del proyecto de investigación “Optimización de procesos de redistribución de planta en manufactura flexible” desarrollado en la Universidad Icesi a lo largo del periodo 2013-2014.
El software libre en las empresas de Montería
Authors: Vergara Juan Raúl , Torres Hoyos Francisco
Published: January 2015

Según el registro de la Cámara de Comercio, de las 170 empresas registradas en Montería, el 98,2% corresponden a micros, pequeñas y medianas empresas (Mipymes). Los autores seleccionaron una muestra representativa de 50 empresas que corresponden al 30% de las empresas legalmente registradas en Montería. Los casos estudiados se caracterizan por ser Mipymes dedicadas a la venta de servicios de sistemas informáticos y aplicaciones de software. Para el estudio se diseñaron 2 encuestas de tipo evaluativo. Los resultados señalan que un 95,6% de las Mipymes usan software con licencia propietaria, sin contar con el debido licenciamiento; el 90,4% no utiliza software libre y, además, el 75% confunde software libre con gratis. Los autores explican cómo realizaron un diagnóstico del uso y conocimiento del software libre en las Mipymes de Montería.
Uso potencial de agentes clarificantes y desinfectantes de origen natural para el tratamiento integral del agua caracterizado por pisos térmicos
Authors: Ramírez Arcila Hildebrando , Jaramillo Jhoan
Published: January 2015

El artículo presenta la metodología que se utilizará para la investigación aprobada por Comité para el Desarrollo de la Investigación (Conadi) en el 2014 “Uso potencial de agentes clarificantes y desinfectantes de origen natural para el tratamiento integral del agua caracterizado por pisos térmicos”, que se está llevando a cabo en el programa de Ingeniería Civil de la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, sede Ibagué. La investigación, de tipo experimental y comparativa, evaluará y caracterizará los agentes naturales derivados de semillas, hojas, cortezas o savia, raíces y frutas según su piso térmico (cálido, templado, frío), en términos de su utilidad para el tratamiento integral del agua. Se pretende aportar un método para que la población pueda manejar, conocer y determinar los agentes potenciales capaces de cumplir con las condiciones de clarificación y desinfección del agua. Hasta el momento se ha adelantado la caracterización de 16 semillas por pisos térmicos y por su respectiva función como coagulante o desinfectante. Se espera obtener un banco de datos con los diferentes tipos de agentes naturales estudiados que demuestren su eficacia y eficiencia en el tratamiento del agua, para luego crear un compuesto natural que vincule dos agentes: coagulante y desinfectante que ofrezcan una solución integral a las comunidades.
Estimación y predicción con el modelo de regresión cúbica aplicado a un problema de salud
Authors: Cardona Diego , Rivera Miller , González Javier , Cárdenas Edwin
Published: January 2015

El artículo corresponde a un proyecto de investigación desarrollado en la Escuela de Administración de la Universidad del Rosario, dirigido a fortalecer la utilización de los métodos inferenciales de regresión lineal, no lineal y múltiple en la ejecución de procesos de toma de decisión, a través de la construcción de materiales didácticos dirigidos a estudiantes, docentes e investigadores. Este artículo muestra las bondades del modelo de regresión polinómica de tercer orden y su aplicación en la administración y la ciencia, mediante el desarrollo de un caso real aplicado a la salud, en el que se estima el porcentaje de mujeres que consumen más de 20 cigarrillos diarios según la edad. Dentro del proyecto de investigación iniciado el segundo semestre del 2012, se ha realizado la publicación de diferentes recursos didácticos entre los que se encuentran documentos de investigación como: “Una aproximación de la variable aleatoria a procesos de toma de decisión que implican condiciones de riesgo e incertidumbre”, “Aplicación de colas de Poisson en procesos de ‘toma de decisiones’ en la gestión de servicios médicos” y guías de inferencia estadística de los métodos de regresión lineal y no lineal.
Estrategia instruccional para la formación de docentes del programa de Ingeniería Civil en el uso de tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones (TIC) en la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, sede Villavicencio
Authors: Vargas Guativa Javier Andrés , Arango Carrillo Jeison , Isaza Domínguez Lauren Genith
Published: January 2015

The article summarizes the results of research carried out in 2012, entitled “Instructional Strategy to Train Professors from the Civil Engineering Program in the Use of Information and Communications Technologies (ict) as part of the Civil Engineering Program at the Villavicencio Campus of the Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia” (“Estrategia instruccional para la formación de docentes en el uso de las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones (tic) adscritos al programa de Ingeniería Civil de la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, sede Villavicencio”). The instructional strategy is a form of planning, organization and execution of situations, moments and contents aimed at strengthening and supporting the teaching–learning process. The research began with an initial diagnosis that showed that a large percentage (90%) of professors from the Civil Engineering Program at the Villavicencio campus of the Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia do not regularly use icts in their teaching methods; they also demonstrate minimal mastery of platforms, environments and virtual learning objects and synchronous and asynchronous communication tools. To solve this problem, the authors designed a strategy with virtual tools that are useful in the teaching-learning process for Civil Engineering. The article explains how the instructional strategy was designed for training Civil Engineering professors.
Las bibliotecas públicas como escenarios de participación ciudadana e inclusión social
Authors: Cuadros-Rodríguez Jonatan , Valencia Jackeline , Valencia-Arias Alejandro
Published: January 2015

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la importancia de las bibliotecas públicas en los contextos de desarrollo social y participación en las comunidades. Para esto se identifica la importancia de las bibliotecas públicas como espacios de encuentro social y convivencia ciudadana, presentando el caso de los parques biblioteca de Medellín como una estrategia exitosa para fomentar la inclusión y la participación ciudadanas. Se concluye que las bibliotecas públicas son espacios propicios para la inclusión, desde la oferta igualitaria de servicios tecnológicos, informáticos, culturales, sociales y de acceso al conocimiento. Este artículo es producto de la investigación realizada en el 2012 y que se titula “Estrategias de comunicación pública para la participación ciudadana en los Parques Biblioteca. Estudio de caso en el Parque Biblioteca Fernando Botero de la ciudad de Medellín”, dentro del semillero de Investigación de la Facultad de Comunicaciones-Sinfacciones, de la Universidad de Antioquia.
La búsqueda del papel social del maestro
Authors: Tellez-Fajardo Alicia , Nieves-Tavera Marlen María
Published: January 2015

Este artículo de reflexión es el resultado de más de diez años de estudios realizados en la Facultad de Educación de la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, sede Bucaramanga, por el grupo “Pedagogía y Lenguajes”. El propósito del texto es hacer un recorrido por la historia de la formación de los maestros, desde los inicios en el Gobierno del general Santander, hasta finales del siglo xx, mostrando la evolución que ha experimentado en los diferentes gobiernos, de acuerdo con su visión de la educación; naturalmente, enfatizando en la concepción del rol social del maestro. Este énfasis en la mirada del rol social obedece a la búsqueda de pistas para la formación de maestros con la capacidad de orientar políticas educativas centradas en la investigación, a fin de generar conocimiento y desarrollo creativo, sin descuidar la solidaridad, con el fin responder a las exigencias actuales. Se presentan ocho momentos históricos de la formación de los maestros en el país; actualmente se hacen esfuerzos para que en la formación de los docentes se mantenga lo investigativo, y lo pedagógico tenga la trascendencia correspondiente con la responsabilidad social que exige la sociedad.
Las prácticas evaluativas, una reflexión pertinente en la modalidad a distancia
Authors: Cifuentes Medina José Eriberto
Published: January 2015

En la investigación se indaga acerca de cuáles son las prácticas evaluativas en la modalidad de educación a distancia. Para esto, se apoya en el enfoque cualitativo; el tipo de investigación corresponde al descriptivo. Como población se contó con los estudiantes de educación a distancia de la Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, y para la realización de la muestra, se siguió un muestro estratificado. Se tuvo como instrumento una encuesta con la cual se recogieron los datos e información, que posteriormente fueron sistematizados. Los resultados del rastreo de una pequeña muestra permiten evidenciar la opinión de los estudiantes respecto al proceso de evaluación que se da en la modalidad a distancia en dos de los programas de carácter tecnológico: Regencia de Farmacia y Gestión en Salud. Se logra hacer una disertación acerca de las prácticas evaluativas en la modalidad a distancia, en las que se han incorporado las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (tic), que, a través de la plataforma Moodle, ofrece una variedad de instrumentos para lo concerniente a la medición de aprendizaje de los estudiantes.
El texto narrativo para fortalecer la competencia comunicativa del ELE
Authors: Aponte Buitrago Andrea Lorena
Published: January 2015

Este artículo presenta diversos aspectos de una investigación sobre la enseñanza de ele (español como lengua extranjera). El objetivo es fortalecer la competencia comunicativa de los extranjeros aprendientes de ele, por medio de diferentes textos narrativos: la fábula, el cuento, el mito y la leyenda. El propósito de este proyecto fue revisar, aplicar y diseñar una cartilla, que tuvo diversos textos narrativos con ejercicios y actividades. En relación con la metodología, este estudio fue experimental. El método fue inductivo en la medida en que tanto para la aplicación como para el análisis de resultados, se contó con la participación de un número limitado de los extranjeros que visitan la uptc o la ciudad de Tunja. Como conclusión se detectó que los textos narrativos (fábula, cuento, mito y leyenda) sirvieron como estrategia para el mejoramiento del ele. Del mismo modo, los textos fueron adecuados, y las actividades y los ejercicios fueron dinámicos para los extranjeros.
La pronunciación en la enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras
Authors: Silverio Pérez Tania
Published: January 2015

El tratamiento de la dimensión fónica del lenguaje ha estado marginado en las clases de español como lengua extranjera (ELE). Aunque ha habido un intento de reivindicarlo, no se ha logrado materializar eficientemente en el contexto docente. Factores como la desestimación de la pronunciación cuando se enseña la lengua en su medio, la complejidad del contenido que le compete y la desorientación metodológica de los profesores para trabajarla condicionan esta realidad. Por tanto, es necesario partir de la revisión del concepto dentro de la didáctica de las lenguas extranjeras (LE) como fenómeno en sí y como contenido que debe enseñarse y corregirse. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo reflexionar sobre los conceptos pronunciación, enseñanza de la pronunciación y corrección fonética a partir de teorías precedentes. Para ello se tuvo en cuenta la obra de Antich et al., un clásico en la metodología de la enseñanza de LE en Cuba, y de otros investigadores que han desarrollado el tema desde el español, fundamentalmente. Se asume que la pronunciación es una habilidad que ha de enseñarse y desarrollarse en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la LE para que el estudiante, como parte de su competencia comunicativa, alcance una competencia fónica.
Una aproximación al concepto de impacto como emergente tríadico: un insumo para el análisis de la convivencia ciudadana
Authors: Téllez Aroca Celio Arnulfo , Castañeda Barón Blanca Lilia , Guzmán Pinzón Claudia Alexandra , Gantiva Rocha Jesús Aníbal
Published: January 2015

En el artículo se presenta una propuesta que amplía los componentes e implicaciones del concepto de impacto, para permitirle nuevas dimensiones y rangos tanto de caracterización como de medición, además de múltiples posibilidades de interpretación. Se toma como punto de partida el rastreamiento del concepto impactus en estudios de diversos centros académicos, luego se infieren aspectos constitutivos para contrastarlos y complementarlos desde la perspectiva de la cibernética social. Este ejercicio permitió plantear la existencia (en los referentes consultados), de tendencias unívocas, homogenizantes y excluyentes de los tres procesos interdependientes de los seres humanos (el actuar, el sentir y el pensar), que contrastan con el impacto como emergente. El reto por darle sentido desde la proporcionalidad de las potencialidades del ser humano es generar el descubrimiento de nuevas maneras y opciones de acercamiento al mundo de las aristas de influencia de los programas académicos universitarios de posgrado en educación, de los individuos, la sociedad y el mundo.
Vegetation, topography and daily weather influenced burn severity in central Idaho and western Montana forests
Authors: Birch Donovan S. , Morgan Penelope , Kolden Crystal A. , Abatzoglou John T. , Dillon Gregory K. , Hudak Andrew T. , Smith Alistair M. S.
Published: January 2015

Burn severity as inferred from satellite‐derived differenced Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR) is useful for evaluating fire impacts on ecosystems but the environmental controls on burn severity across large forest fires are both poorly understood and likely to be different than those influencing fire extent. We related dNBR to environmental variables including vegetation, topography, fire danger indices, and daily weather for daily areas burned on 42 large forest fires in central Idaho and western Montana. The 353 fire days we analyzed burned 111,200 ha as part of large fires in 2005, 2006, 2007, and 2011. We expected that local “bottom‐up” variables like topography and vegetation would influence burn severity, but that our use of daily dNBR and weather data would uncover stronger relationships between the two than previous studies have shown. We found that percent existing vegetation cover had the largest influence on burn severity, while weather variables like fine fuel moisture, relative humidity, and wind speed were also influential but somewhat less important. Our results could reflect contrasting scales of predictor variables, as many topography and vegetation variables (30‐m spatial resolution) accounted for more of the variability in burn severity (also 30‐m spatial resolution) than did fire danger indices and many daily weather variables (4‐km spatial resolution). However, we posit that, in contrast to the strong influence of climate and weather on fire extent, “bottom‐up” factors such as topography and vegetation have the most influence on burn severity. While climate and weather certainly interact with the landscape to affect burn severity, pre‐fire vegetation conditions due to prior disturbance and management strongly affect vegetation response even when large areas burn quickly.
Light‐Emitting Diode Irradiation Promotes Donor Site Wound Healing of the Free Gingival Graft
Authors: Wang Chen‐Ying , Tsai Sheng‐Chueh , Yu Min‐Chen , Lin Yu‐Fang , Chen Chih‐Cheng , Chang Po‐Chun
Published: January 2015

Background: This study aims to evaluate the effect of light‐emitting diode (LED) light irradiation on the donor wound site of the free gingival graft.

Methods: Rat gingival fibroblasts were chosen to assess the cellular activities and in vitro wound healing with 0 to 20 J/cm2 LED light irradiation. Seventy‐two Sprague‐Dawley rats received daily 0, 10 (low‐dose [LD]), or 20 (high‐dose [HD]) J/cm2 LED light irradiation on the opened palatal wound and were euthanized after 4 to 28 days; the healing pattern was assessed by histology, histochemistry for collagen deposition, and immunohistochemistry for tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α infiltration. The wound mRNA levels of heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1), TNF‐α, the receptor for advanced glycation end products, vascular endothelial growth factor, periostin, Type I collagen, and fibronectin were also evaluated.

Results: Cellular viability and wound closure were significantly promoted, and cytotoxicity was inhibited significantly using 5 J/cm2 LED light irradiation in vitro. The wound closure, reepithelialization, and collagen deposition were accelerated, and sequestrum formation and inflammatory cell and TNF‐α infiltration were significantly reduced in the LD group. HO‐1 and TNF‐α were significantly upregulated in the HD group, and most of the repair‐associated genes were significantly upregulated in both the LD and HD groups at day 7. Persistent RAGE upregulation was noted in both the LD and HD groups until day 14.

Conclusion: LED light irradiation at 660 nm accelerated palatal wound healing, potentially via reducing reactive oxygen species production, facilitating angiogenesis, and promoting provisional matrix and wound reorganization.
Hydatid Disease of the Femur Treated with a Total Femoral Replacement
Authors: Moore Drew , Baker Kevin C. , Les Kimberly
Published: January 2015

Case:

A thirty-one-year-old woman presented with symptoms of worsening left knee and thigh pain. Radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated extensive lytic and cystic changes throughout the femur. A biopsy demonstrated necrosis, chronic granulomatous inflammation, and laminations suggestive of an echinococcal cyst. Serology confirmed an Echinococcus granulosus infection. Treatment with anthelmintic agents was initiated, but reconstruction with a total femoral endoprosthesis was implemented as definitive management. The patient tolerated surgery well and returned for a one-year postoperative visit without evidence of recurrence of infection.

Conclusion:

Osseous hydatidosis is a rare disease, but it should be included in the differential diagnosis of patients with extensive destructive bone processes.
A Traumatic Partial Through-the-Elbow Amputation with Disarticulation of the Humerus
Authors: Kanaya Kohei , Wada Takuro , Yamashita Toshihiko
Published: January 2015

Case:

A fifty-two-year-old fisherman sustained a severely mangled open elbow dislocation; the distal part of the humerus was protruding from the wound. Although all of the soft tissue attached to the distal part of the humerus was stripped off the bone, no neurovascular structures were damaged. A hinged external fixator was applied and a lateral collateral ligament repair was performed. At the final follow-up, the range of elbow motion was −10° in extension and 125° in flexion, with no instability.

Conclusion:

Despite the near amputation of the limb, a good functional outcome was achieved because the neurovascular structures remained intact.
Overlapping Dislocation of the Pubic Symphysis with an Open Reduction and Anterior and Posterior Pelvic Ring Fixation
Authors: Blank Alan T. , Gage Mark , Tejwani Nirmal , McLaurin Toni
Published: January 2015

Case:

We present a case of a patient who sustained overlapping dislocation of the pubic symphysis (ODPS), which required an open reduction as well as anterior and posterior pelvic ring fixation.

Conclusion:

This case report is a valuable addition to the current literature on ODPS because we believe it to be the first report describing a patient who required both anterior and posterior fixation because of pelvic instability.
Alternative Stimulation Fluids and Their Impact on Carbonate Acidizing
Authors: Fredd C. N. , Fogler H. S.
Published: January 2015

Conventional matrix acidizing treatments rely on hydrochloric acid to stimulate carbonate formations. However, the success of these treatments is often limited because of rapid acid spending at low injection rates and asphaltic sludge precipitation. This study investigated ethylenediamine-tetraacetic acid (EDTA) as an alternative stimulation fluid. Results show that EDTA can effectively wormhole in limestone, even when injected at moderate or non-acidic pH values (4 to 13) and at low flow rates where only face dissolution would occur with HC1. Stimulation with EDTA at low injection rates is consistent with the dependence of the wormhole structure on the Damköhler number for flow and reaction. Sludge tests show that EDTA does not induce the precipitation of asphaltic sludge from crude oil, even in the presence of 3000 ppm of ferric iron. This result is attributed to EDTA being able to form stable chelates with ferric and ferrous iron.
Long-Zone, High-Angle, Squeeze Gravel Packs in Geopressured Reservoirs in the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Bruner Scott D. , Lau Hon Chung , Morgenthaler Lee N. , Bernardi L. Anthony , Kielty Jim M.
Published: January 2015

Laboratory studies were conducted to determine the completion techniques for two wells in the Gulf of Mexico having well angle of 35 to 45 degrees, completion interval of about 400 ft, bottomhole temperature of 222°F and requiring a completion brine with density up to 17.0 lbm/gal. Three critical issues were studied. They were fluid loss control, pre-gravel-pack acid stimulation, and internal gravel packing.

Laboratory studies showed that an activated hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) pill could be designed to control the fluid loss for more than 30 hr even at a bottomhole temperature of 222°F. In addition, a high-rate acid stimulation could be employed to ensure that as many perforations as possible were open to accept gravel pack sand. Physical model studies also showed that a high-rate squeeze waterpack provided the required effective perforation and annular packing for the target wells despite the long completion interval.

These techniques were successfully implemented. Initial production data suggest that both wells, still under choke, are producing at expected rates, with low downhole drawdown.
Clay Swelling Diagrams: Their Applications in Formation Damage Control
Authors: Zhou Z. , Cameron S. , Kadatz B. , Gunter W. D.
Published: January 2015

A novel method has been developed to quantify clay swelling in aqueous solutions. In this method, a swelling clay is dispersed into an aqueous solution of desired composition, and then mounted in a special cell for X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Using this method, the effects of solution pH, salinity, cation composition, temperature, fluid pressure, and overburden pressure on clay swelling can all be determined efficiently. This method uses only a small amount of sample and offers some advantages over the conventional coreflood method. It can also be used to evaluate the performance of clay stabilizers. We have determined the critical salt concentration (CSC) and critical cation ratio (e.g., Na/Ca, Na/K) for macroscopic osmotic swelling of the most common swelling clays. The information can be represented by a set of swelling diagrams in which the solution composition responsible for osmotic swelling and formation damage is delineated. The swelling diagrams can be used to determine the compatibility between shales and drilling fluids, between swelling clays and drilling filtrate or completion fluids, and between swelling clays and flooding fluids used in EOR. The effects of temperature and pressure on glay swelling have also been quantified using this method. Temperature has a small effect on clay swelling between 20-100°C; but the differential pressure between the overburden and fluid pressures (P0 – Pf) has a significant effect on clay swelling. The greater the differential pressure, the less the clay swells. The important implications of these results on petroleum drilling and production will be discussed.
Local vs. external training of neuro-fuzzy and neural networks models for estimating reference evapotranspiration assessed through k-fold testing
Authors: Shiri Jalal , Marti Pau , Nazemi Amir Hossein , Sadraddini Ali Ashraf , Kisi Ozgur , Landeras Gorka , Fakheri Fard Ahmad
Published: January 2015

The improvement of methods for estimating reference evapotranspiration (ET0) requiring few climatic inputs is crucial, due to the partial or total lack of climatic inputs in many situations. The current paper compares the effect of local and external training procedures in neuro-fuzzy and neural network models for estimating ET0 relying on two input combinations considering k-fold testing. Therefore, different data set configurations were defined based on temporal and spatial criteria allowing for a complete and suitable testing scan of the complete data set. The proposed methodology enabled the comparison in each station of models trained with local data series and models trained with the data series from the remaining stations. Results showed that the external training based on a suitable input choice and a representative pattern collection might be a valid alternative to the more common local training.
Modeling probabilistic radar rainfall estimation at ungauged locations based on spatiotemporal errors which correspond to gauged data
Authors: Wu Shiang-Jen , Lien Ho-Cheng , Hsu Chih-Tsung , Chang Che-Hao , Shen Jhih-Cyuan
Published: January 2015

This study presents a probabilistic radar rainfall estimation (PRRE) model to quantify the reliability and accuracy of the resulting radar rainfall estimates at ungauged locations from a radar-based quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) model. This model primarily estimates the quantiles of the radar rainfall errors at ungauged locations by incorporating seven spatiotemporal variogram models with a nonparametric sample quantile estimate method based on the radar rainfall errors at rain gauges. Then, by adding the resulting error quantiles to the radar rainfall estimates, the corresponding radar rainfall quantiles can be obtained. The QPE system Quantitative Precipitation Estimation Using Multiple Sensors (QPESUMS) provides hourly observed and radar precipitation for three typhoons in the Shinmen reservoir watershed in Northern Taiwan, which are used in the model development and validation. The results indicate that the proposed PRRE model can quantify the spatial and temporal variations of radar rainfall estimates at ungauged locations provided by the QPESUMS system. Also, its reliability and accuracy could be evaluated based on a 95% confidence interval and occurrence probability resulting from the cumulative probability distribution established by the proposed PRRE model.
Water budget analysis of small forested boreal watersheds: comparison of Sphagnum bog, patterned fen and lake dominated downstream areas in the La Grande River region, Québec
Authors: Tardif Simon , St-Hilaire André , Roy René , Bernier Monique , Payette Serge
Published: January 2015

A water budget analysis (precipitation (P), surface runoff (Q), evapotranspiration (ET) and storage variations (ΔS)) was completed over a 3-year span for two Sphagnum bogs, three patterned fens and two shallow lakes all located in the La Grande River watershed in central Québec. The high variability of P from 2005 to 2007 during summer and fall (July to October) allowed us to produce water budgets over a large spectrum of wetness conditions at seasonal and event timescales. Bogs and fens (not lakes) have the intrinsic ability to keep the water table near the surface most of the time, which affects Q. Fens and lakes showed a similar hydrological behavior when compared to bogs, in spite of differences in Q and ΔS variability due to the typical vegetation structure of fens. This structure also tends to produce sharper rises of Q when compared to lakes that have overall smoother hydrograms. The dominant water budget term for bogs, fens and lakes was ΔS, Q and ET, respectively. Finally, an adaptation of the Penman–Monteith equation was successfully used to estimate potential ET. This revised method is based on peatland vegetation identification that provides a simple weighing factor for stomatal resistance.
Computational fluid dynamics modeling alternatives for UV-initiated advanced oxidation processes
Authors: Ducoste Joel J. , Alpert Scott M.
Published: January 2015

Design and optimization of ultraviolet-initiated (UV-initiated) advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) must consider both system configuration and chemical kinetics. Alternative approaches to modeling AOP systems have been proposed in the literature; yet, due to the complex nature of the reactions involved, the literature lacks clarity in the appropriate selection of a modeling approach to help define the UV/AOP system performance. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was compared to the numerical solution of a system of ordinary differential equations describing the reaction mechanism for hydroxyl radical production and methylene blue destruction and to a UV dose distribution analysis produced by a Lagrangian particle track in CFD with a given dose–response curve. Similar analyses were also performed to simulate the destruction of tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) and tributyl phosphate (TBP), in two different photoreactors. To validate the simulations, the results of the models were compared to pilot reactor trials for methylene blue bleaching and literature data for TCEP and TBP. Modeling results suggest that the agreement of both CFD Eulerian and Lagrangian approaches to simulating the UV/H2O2 AOP is a function of reactor design, the water matrix, and operating conditions.
Syntrichia minor (Pottiaceae) and Cephaloziella integerrima (Cephaloziellaceae) new to bryophyte flora of Turkey
Authors: Ören Muhammet , Sari Bilun , Ursavaş Serhat
Published: January 2015

Syntrichia minor (Bizot) M.T. Gallego, J. Guerra, M.J. Cano, Ros &
S?nchez-Moya (Pottiaceae, Bryophyta - mosses) and Cephaloziella integerrima
(Lindb.) Warnst. (Cephaloziellaceae, Marchantiophyta - liverworts) are
recorded for the first time from Turkey. In addition, the rare C. integerrima
is new to Southwest Asia. These species were collected from the northern part
of Turkey, respectively Karab?k (Safranbolu) and Kastamonu (Bozkurt). Site
description, synonyms, illustrations, ecology, distribution and diagnostic
characters of these species are presented.
Some reflections on the migrations of palaeo-Balkan peoples in pre-roman times
Authors: Tasic Nikola
Published: January 2015

In the history of the central Balkans prior to the Roman conquest migrations
of people had manifold importance. The recognition of these migrations has
been the basis for distinguishing between different periods of prehistory.
Various analyses of the material culture offer information on the social
contact between the invaders and the autochtonous populations. They reveal
details of the transfer of elements of culture and technological knowledge
from one region to another. Of particular significance in this respect are
migrations over vast territories, sometimes from as far as the Ural mountains
in the east, the Alps in the west and the Pindus in Greece to the south.
Investigations into the models of the migrations open up possibilities for
determining the variation in, and different forms of, human movement from one
geographic area to another.
The eastern Celts and their invasions of hellenistic Greece and Asia minor
Authors: Jovanovic Borislav
Published: January 2015

During the fourth century BC the Celts expanded into the Balkan Peninsula
and the Carpathian Basin. After the major defeat at Delphi, in Greece, the
surviving Celtic tribes formed an alliance under the name Scordisci. They
settled in the wider territory around the confluence of the Sava and the
Danube, which became a base for their subsequent invasions into Thrace and
beyond. The Celtic presence in the region has been best documented by the
necropoles in Karaburma (Singidunum) and Pecine (Viminacium). These
graveyards had a complex arrangement of burials into groups and sections.
The warrior graves contained pieces of weaponry showing decorative elements
of both Western and Eastern Celtic art tradition. Some of the female graves
contained rich personal adornment such as the coral bracelet and the
M?nsingen-type fibula in a grave in Pecine. Until the Roman conquest, the
Scordisci remained the most powerful military force in the region.
Sava Nemanjic and Serbia between Epiros and Nicaea
Authors: Ferjancic Bozidar , Maksimovic Ljubomir
Published: January 2015

The authors analyze Serbia?s position and politics in relation to the Greek
states of Epiros and Nicaea which emerged after the fall of the Byzantine
Empire in 1204. The available sources show that Serbia under Stefan the
First-Crowned and his successors wisely used the rivalry between the two
Greek states, which both sought to present themselves as the lawful successor
of the fallen Empire of the Romans, and thus safeguarded her independence.
Acting as an adviser to Stefan the First-Crowned and his successors, his
brother Sava played a prominent role in conducting this realistic policy.
Eulogiae Terrae Sanctae of St Sava of Serbia
Authors: Popovic Danica
Published: January 2015

The focus of the paper is on the eulogiae that Sava of Serbia, on his
pilgrimage in the Holy Land, sent to the abbot of Studenica, Spyridon: a
little cross, a little belt, a little towel and a little stone. In his letter
accompanying the gifts, the earliest surviving work of Serbian epistolary
literature, Sava points to their prayer and protective function. Sava?s
eulogiae are looked at against the background of Eastern Christian devotional
practices.
A millennium of Belgrade (sixth-sixteenth centuries): A short overview
Authors: Kalic Jovanka
Published: January 2015

This paper gives an overview of the history of Belgrade from the reign of
Justinian I (527-565), i.e. the time of Slavic settlement, to the Ottoman
conquest in 1521. The millennium can be divided into three thematic and
chronological units: the Byzantine era (up to 1204), the Serbian era and,
finally, the Ottoman era (fifteenth-sixteenth centuries). Within the
Byzantine cultural orbit, and especially during the twelfth century, the city
played a major role in the relations between the Byzantine Empire and
Hungary. Byzantine emperors sojourned in Belgrade on multiple occasions. The
city reached its peak during the reign of Despot Stefan in the early
fifteenth century. After his death in 1427, the Ottoman threat cast its
shadow over the city. Its inhabitants, the Serbs, defended Belgrade for
almost a century (1427-1521), thus defending the whole of Central Europe.
Belgrade?s fall into the Ottoman hands was followed by the demise of the
Kingdom of Hungary in 1526. Even Vienna was threatened by the Ottomans, in
1529.
The double wreath a contribution to the history of kingship in Bosnia
Authors: Cirkovic Sima
Published: January 2015

The fact that ban Tvrtko of Bosnia had maternal ties with Nemanjic dynasty
and seized certain areas of the former Serbian Empire was used as a basis for
him to be crowned king of the Serbs and Bosnia in 1377 in the monastery of
Mileseva over the grave of Saint Sava. His charter issued to the Ragusans in
1378 contains the term ?double wreath? which figuratively symbolized the rule
of Tvrtko I over two Serb-inhabited states, Bosnia and Serbia. Tvrtko?s
choice not to annex the conquered territory to his own state, Bosnia, but to
be crowned king of Serbia as well required the development of a new ideology
of kingship and a new form of legitimation of power. Although his royal title
was recognized by his neighbours, including probably the rest of the Serbian
lands, that the project was unrealistic became obvious in the aftermath of
the Battle of Kosovo in 1389. What remained after his death was only the
royal title, while the state ruled by his successors became exclusively
related to Bosnia. Yet, echoes of his coronation in medieval Bosnia can be
followed in the further development of the title and of the concept of crown
and state. Interestingly, an attempt to revive the double crown concept was
made in the early fifteenth century by the king Sigismund of Hungary, who
requested that the Bosnians crown him the way Tvrtko had been crowned.
Le despote Stefan Lazarevic et "Sieur" Djuradj Brankovic
Authors: Spremic Momcilo
Published: January 2015

Cet article se propose d??clairer les relations entre le despote Stefan
Lazarevic et "Sieur" Djuradj Brankovic dans les premi?res trois d?cennies
du XVe si?cle. Jusqu?? la fin de 1411 ces relations ?taient hostiles,
cependant qu?apr?s leur r?conciliation elles sont devenues et sont rest?es
cordiales et ?troites jusqu?? la mort du despote. L?auteur se sert surtout de
documents v?nitiens relatifs ? l??tablissement des fronti?res
serbo-v?nitiennes dans la Zeta entre 1422 et 1427. "Sieur" Djuradj, qui
repr?sentait la Serbie pendant ces n?gociations, parle d?abord au nom du
despote, puis de plus en plus souvent en son nom propre.
The bay of Cattaro (Kotor) school of icon-painting 1680-1860
Authors: Stosic Ljiljana
Published: January 2015

Relying on post-Byzantine tradition, eleven painters from five generations of
the Dimitrijevic-Rafailovic family, accompanied by Maksim Tujkovic, painted
several thousand icons and several hundred iconostases between the late
seventeenth and the second half of the nineteenth century. They worked in
major Orthodox Christian monasteries in Montenegro, Kosovo and Metohija,
Bosnia and Herzegovina and Dalmatia, but their works can mostly be found in
modest village churches in the Bay of Kotor (Cattaro) and on the South
Adriatic coast. The decoration of these churches was financially supported by
the local population headed by elders. Along with a reconstruction of their
biographies and a chronological overview of their major works, this paper
seeks to trace stylistic changes in the Bay of Kotor school of icon-painting.
While simply varying a thematic repertory established in earlier periods, the
painters from the Bay of Kotor were gradually introducing new details and
themes adopted from Western European Baroque art under indirect influences
coming from the monastery of Hilandar, Corfu, Venice and Russia. This process
makes this indigenous school of icon-painting, which spanned almost two
centuries, comparable to the work of Serbian traditional religious painters
(zografs) and illuminators active north of the Sava and Danube rivers after
the Great Migration of the Serbs (1690). Despite differences between the two,
which resulted from different cultural and historical circumstances in which
Serbs lived under Ottoman, Venetian and Habsburg rules, similarities in
iconography and style, which were inspired by an urge to counteract
proselytic pressures, are considerably more important.
David Urquhart’s perceptions of the eastern question the affairs of Serbia
Authors: Milojkovic-Djuric Jelena
Published: January 2015

At the beginning of his diplomatic career in Constantinople in 1835, David
Urquhart was instrumental in promoting the British cause by endorsing its
political grand design and mercantile interests in Turkey, Greece, the
Caucasian region, Crimea, Serbia and adjacent Balkan principalities. While
observing the complexities of the Eastern Question, Urquhart recognized the
underlying importance that Serbia had attained in the context of competing
imperial interests in the Balkans. His engaged commentaries on the crucial
changes in Serbian political discourse elucidated as well his understanding
of Serbian history and culture past and present. Urquhart discerned a
correspondence between Serbian political affairs and the inherent situa?tion
in the region of the Caucasus and Circassia.
Pasic and Milovanovic in the negotiations for the conclusion of the Balkan alliance of 1912
Authors: Djordjevic Dimitrije
Published: January 2015

This essay examines the divergence in views and actions between the two
leading Serbian statesmen, Nikola Pasic and Milovan Milovanovic, during the
course of negotiations with Bulgaria which led to the conclusion of the
Serbo-Bulgarian alliance, a prerequisite for the successful military
operations against the Turks in the Balkan War of 1912. Milovanovic, the
foreign minister, considered an agreement with Bulgaria as an indispensable
diplomatic asset for Serbia which would allow her to preserve her
independence in the face of the hostile Austria-Hungary and secure an outlet
to the Adriatic Sea. Although he fully appreciated the difficulties of
Serbia?s position pointed out by Milovanovic, Pasic was rather unbending in
respect of the territorial concessions to Bulgarians in Macedonia to which
Serbia had to agree in return for the conclusion of an alliance. This essay
demonstrates that the difference between Pasic and Milovanovic was a matter
of tactics rather than principle. The former realised that the price had to
be paid for the Bulgarian alliance but preferred to have the Serbian
government accept an unfavourable borderline under duress, because of the
arbitration of Russian Emperor, rather than on its own volition. Not willing
to take the responsibility for the concessions made in Macedonia, Pasic chose
to present formal rather than real opposition to his party colleague. It was
Milovanovic?s diplomatic elasticity and courage that enabled the
Serbo-Bulgarian agreement to come into being.