bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unbias me! Mitigating Algorithmic Bias for Less-studied Demographic Groups in the Context of Language Learning Technology
Authors: Rzepka Nathalie , Fernsel Linda , Müller Hans-Georg , Simbeck Katharina , Pinkwart Neils
Published: June 2023

Rzepka, N., Fernsel, L., Müller, H., Simbeck, K., & Pinkwart, N., (2023) Unbias me! Mitigating Algorithmic Bias for Less-studied Demographic Groups in the Context of Language Learning Technology. Computer-Based Learning in Context, 6 (1), 1-23. 10.5281/zenodo.7996194 Algorithms and machine learning models are being used more frequently in educational settings, but there are concerns that they may discriminate against certain groups. While there is some research on algorithmic fairness, there are two main issues with the current research. Firstly, it often focuses on gender and race and ignores other groups. Secondly, studies often find algorithmic bias in educational models but don't explore ways to reduce it. This study evaluates three drop-out prediction models used in an online learning platform to teach German spelling skills. The aim is to assess the fairness of the models for (in part) less-studied demographic groups, including first spoken language, home literacy environment, parental education background, and gender. To evaluate the models, four fairness metrics are used: predictive parity, equalized odds, predictive equality, and ABROCA. The study also examines ways to reduce algorithmic bias by analyzing the models at each stage of the machine learning process. The results show that all three models had biases that affected the fairness of all four demographic groups to varying degrees. However, the study found that most biases could be mitigated during the process. The methods used to mitigate bias differed by demographic group, and some methods improved fairness for one group but worsened it for others. Therefore, the study concludes that reducing algorithmic bias for less-studied demographic groups is possible, but finding the right method for each algorithm and demographic group is crucial.
On a class of Besicovitch almost periodic type selections of multivalued maps
Authors: Danilov L.I.
Published: June 2023

Let ${\mathcal B}$ be a Banach space and let ${\mathcal M}^p({\mathbb R};{\mathcal B})$, $p\geqslant 1$, be the Marcinkiewicz space with a seminorm $\| \cdot \| _{{\mathcal M}^p}$. By $\widetilde {\mathfrak B}^p_c({\mathbb R};{\mathcal B})$ we denote the set of functions ${\mathcal F}\in {\mathcal M}^p({\mathbb R};{\mathcal B})$ that satisfy the following three conditions: (1) $\| {\mathcal F}(\cdot )-{\mathcal F}(\cdot +\tau )\| _{{\mathcal M}^p}\to 0$ as $\tau \to 0$, (2) for every $\varepsilon >0$ the set of ($\varepsilon ,\| \cdot \| _{{\mathcal M}^p}$)-almost periods of the function ${\mathcal F}$ is relatively dense, (3) for every $\varepsilon >0$ there exists a set $X(\varepsilon )\subseteq {\mathbb R}$ such that $\| \chi _{X(\varepsilon )}\| _{{\mathcal M}^1({\mathbb R};{\mathbb R})}<\varepsilon $ and the set $\{ {\mathcal F}(t):t\in {\mathbb R}\, \backslash \, X(\varepsilon )\} $ has a finite $\varepsilon $-net. Let $\widetilde {\mathcal M}^{p,\circ }({\mathbb R};{\mathcal B})$ be the set of functions ${\mathcal F}\in {\mathcal M}^p({\mathbb R};{\mathcal B})$ that satisfy the condition (3) and the following condition: for any $\varepsilon >0$ there is a number $\delta >0$ such that the estimate $\| \chi _X{\mathcal F}\| _{{\mathcal M}^p}<\varepsilon $ is fulfilled for all sets $X\subseteq {\mathbb R}$ with $\| \chi _X\| _{{\mathcal M}^1({\mathbb R};{\mathbb R})}<\delta $. The sets $\widetilde {\mathfrak B}^p_c({\mathbb R};U)$ and $\widetilde {\mathcal M}^{p,\circ }({\mathbb R};U)$ for a complete metric space $(U,\rho )$ are defined analogously. By ${\mathrm {cl}}\, U$ denote the metric space of nonempty, closed, and bounded subsets of the space $(U,\rho )$ with Hausdorff metrics. In the paper, in particular, for any $F\in \widetilde {\mathfrak B}^p_c({\mathbb R};{\mathrm {cl}}\, U)$, $p\geqslant 1$, and $u\in U$, $\varepsilon >0$, we prove under the condition $\rho (u,F(\cdot ))\in \widetilde {\mathcal M}^{p,\circ }({\mathbb R};{\mathbb R})$ the existence of a function ${\mathcal F}\in \widetilde {\mathfrak B}^p_c({\mathbb R};U)\cap \widetilde {\mathcal M}^{p,\circ }({\mathbb R};U)$ such that ${\mathcal F}(t)\in F(t)$ and $\rho (u,{\mathcal F}(t))<\varepsilon +\rho (u,F(t))$ for almost every $t\in {\mathbb R}$.
Türk Mutfağında Yer Alan Coğrafi İşaret Tescil Belgesine Sahip Çorbalar Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: KARDEŞ ÇOLAKOĞLU Nazlı , SARIIŞIK Mehmet
Published: June 2023

Bir ürünü diğerlerinden ayırmaya yarayan ve o ürünün farklı yanını vurgulayan coğrafi işaret kavramı, aynı zamanda tüketicinin seyahat motivasyonlarını, destinasyon tercihlerini ve satın alma niyetlerini de etkilemektedir. Bu kavrama sahip olan ülkeler, bölgeler ve şehirler daha görünür hale gelmektedir. Bu çalışma çok zengin bir mutfak kültürüne sahip olduğu bilinen Türkiye’nin coğrafi işaret tescil faaliyetlerinin mevcut durumunu “yemekler ve çorbalar” kategorisinde yer alan çorbalar bağlamında ele alarak ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda yapılan araştırmada “Türkiye’nin coğrafi işaret belgesine sahip çorba varlığı bölgelere ve illere göre nasıl bir dağılım göstermektedir ?” , “Coğrafi işaretli çorbaların tescil çalışmaları tüzel kişiliklere ve tescil tarihlerine göre nasıl bir dağılıma sahiptir? ” ve “Tescil başvurusu yapılmış çorbalar bölgelere ve başvuru yıllarına göre nasıl bir dağılım göstermektedir?” sorularına yanıt aranmıştır. Araştırma Türk Patent ve Marka Kurumu’nun veri tabanı esas alınarak yürütülmüştür. Elde edilen bulgular çorba tescillerinin daha ziyade belediyelere ait olduğunu ve tescil başvurularının geçmişten günümüze artan bir eğime sahip olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.
REGULASI EMOSI SEBAGAI PREDIKTOR RESILIENSI PADA IBU TUNGGAL YANG DITINGGAL PASANGAN KARENA KEMATIAN
Authors: Simamora Shema Christy Noya , Lidiawati Krishervina R.
Published: June 2023

Single mothers have difficult conditions that can trigger emotional experiences, such as supporting their own families, energy and time constraints, negative views of society, and the vulnerability of single mothers as women in terms of emotions. This makes it thought that single mothers need to have the ability to survive and have the quality to bounce back during the condition by regulated emotions. The study aims to explore the influence of emotion regulation, specifically cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression strategies, in helping single mothers increase resilience. The study used quantitative research methods, with the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale 25 items. The results found that there was a significant influence between both emotional regulation strategies on single mother resilience, with cognitive reappraisal strategies exerting a greater influence. Single mothers need to practice expressive suppression emotion regulation strategy skills, so that single mother resilience can be more optimal when single mothers are able to apply each emotional regulation strategy adaptively to their difficult conditions.
STRES KERJA DAN KESIAPAN UNTUK BERUBAH: PERANAN STRATEGI KOPING SEBAGAI MODERATOR
Authors: Fridayanti  , Zahra Qanita , Nurdin Farid Soleh
Published: June 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of work stress on readiness to change with coping strategies as a moderating variable. We used a cross-sectional survey design for 124 archivists, 58 men, and 66 women. For data analysis, we conducted regression and moderation analysis. We collected data using a questionnaire consisting of three measuring tools: Job Stress Scale (JSS), Readiness for Change Scale, and Brief-Cope. The results showed that work stress significantly affected readiness to change, with a coefficient of determination of 86.4%. Adaptive coping strategies act as moderators and strengthen the effect of work stress on readiness to change with an increase in the coefficient of determination to 87.9% and a beta coefficient of .020. However, maladaptive coping strategies cannot act as a moderator in the effect of job stress on readiness to change.
CONSCIENTIOUSNESS, KEBERSYUKURAN, DAN PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING PADA ORANGTUA DENGAN ANAK BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS
Authors: Sari Amelia , Qomariyah Nurul
Published: June 2023

Mentally healthy individuals can face all the challenges of life effectively. One of the indicators of mental health is the presence of psychological well-being. Parents who have children with special needs need to have high psychological well-being. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of conscientiousness and gratitude on psychological well-being on parents of children with special needs. This research is a quantitative study using Ryff's psychological well-being scales, Gratitude Questionnaire-6 (GQ-6), and conscientiousness taken from the HEXACO-PI-R scale. The subjects in this study were selected using a purposive sampling technique with a total of 55 parents who have children with special needs. The hypotheses were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that conscientiousness and gratitude have a simultaneous effect of 62% on psychological well-being in parents who have children with special needs. However, among the conscientiousness variables and the gratitude variable which has the most dominant influence on psychological well-being is the gratitude variable.
EDITORIAL: HARI BARU DAN HARAPAN PASCA PANDEMI
Authors: Rahardjo Wahyu
Published: June 2023

Jurnal Psikologi Universitas Gunadarma (JPUG) pada edisi Juni 2023 ini berisikan 15 naskah dari 41 penulis yang berasal dari 15 insitusi pendidikan yang berbeda di seluruh Indonesia. Nuansa positif tergambarkan dari naskah-naskah yang terbit di edisi ini. Bukan kebetulan pula ketika WHO akhirnya pada 5 Mei 2023 mengumumkan bahwa COVID-19 diturunkan statusnya tidak lagi menjadi pandemi global (WHO, 2023). Tanpa mengesampingkan fakta bahwa COVID-19 masih tetap ada, tentu banyak yang berharap pada akhirnya semua yang masih bertahan dan para penyintas bisa membuka lembaran baru dan menjalani hari-hari baru.
PENGARUH TEKANAN PUBLIK DAN ORGANISASI KEMASYARAKATAN TERHADAP KEMANDIRIAN HAKIM DALAM MEMUTUSKAN PERKARA PSIKOTOPIKA/NARKOTIKA SEBAGAIMANA DIATUR DALAM UU NO. 5/1997 DAN UU NO.22/1997
Authors: Salam Abdul
Published: June 2023

Tujuan umum dilakukan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh tekanan publik dan organisasi kemasyarakatan terhadap kemandirian hakim dalam memutuskan perkara psikotropika/narkotika sebagaimana diatur dalam UU No 5/1997 dan UU No 22/1997. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh tekanan publik dan organisasi kemasyarakatan terhadap kemandirian hakim dalam memutuskan perkara psikotropika/narkotika sebagaimana diatur dalam UU No 5/1997. Hal tersebut dikarenakan tidak efektifnya pengawasan internal atau fungsional perilaku hakim pada badan peradilan. Salah satu yang menjadi penyebab adalah kualitas dan integritas pengawas yang tidak memadai, proses pemeriksaan disiplin yang tidak transparan, dan belum adanya kemudahan bagi masyarakat yang dirugikan untuk menyampaikan pengaduan, memantau proses serta hasilnya. Selain itu, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tekanan publik dan organisasi kemasyarakatan dianggap berpengaruh terhadap kemandirian hakim dalam memutuskan perkara psikotropika/narkotika sebagaimana diatur dalam UU No 22/1997. Para hakim akan sangat memperhatikan pendapat masyarakat terhadap kasus yang ditangani termasuk dalam kasus narkotika sesuai dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 22 Tahun 1997. Dalam membuat sebuah putusan hakim harus benar benar mengetahui duduk perkara yang sebenarnya dan peraturan hukum yang mengaturnya untuk diterapkan, baik peraturan hukum yang tertulis dalam peraturan perundang-undangan maupun hukum yang tidak tertulis dalam hukum ada. Nyatanya memang sulit untuk mengukur secara sistematis tentang putusan hakim yang memenuhi rasa keadilan namun ada indikator 162 yang dapat digunakan untuk melihat dan merasakan bahwa suatu putusan telah memenuhi rasa keadilan atau tidak
NETRALITAS APARATUR SIPIL NEGARA DALAM PEMILU SERENTAK TAHUN 2024
Authors: Amir  , Hertanto
Published: June 2023

To increase neutrality, the government has made various arrangements to limit the relationship between Civil Servants (PNS) and practical political activities. Still, every General Election activity is always coloured by widespread reporting about neutrality violations by unscrupulous Civil Servants. This research aims to determine the Neutrality of The State Civil Apparatus In The Convenient Elections In 2024. This research method uses descriptive qualitative data from reviewing documents, observations, and interviews with Bawaslu of Central Lampung Regency. As a result, the neutrality of ASN is heavily influenced by the wishes of legislators. Public officials, whether from politics or independence, should not place ASN as a tool to maintain their power. Furthermore, regulations are needed in the context of tightening access for public officials to abuse authority, as well as providing access to strict supervision from parties, including internal ASN, to be able to report all forms of intervention. ASN should have a neutral nature in politics to protect society. ASN must also be free from the influence and intervention of all groups from political parties; this must be strictly prevented because it can lead to self-interest in practical politics
Long-Term Effect of Taxation as a Fiscal Policy Instrument for National Economic Recovery
Authors: Al-hafidz Zulfikar , Waridin .
Published: June 2023

Taxation is a fiscal policy instrument that has a nearly 70% influence on the state budget and has a positive effect on the country's economy. The foundation for implementing state tax collection procedures is tax reform. Because of the pandemic situation, the government has been forced to implement tax reform (Law No. 7 of 2021) in order to prepare for the slowing national economy. The primary goal of this research is to determine how GDP responds to changes in tax instruments. GDP, government spending, the ratio of tax revenues, PPn, PPh, and government spending were used as samples from 1990 to 2020. The VAR approach was used because it can show how each variable responds to shocks from other variables. The findings indicate that the causality test occurs between the VAT variable and the tax-to-GDP ratio variable. The IRF output represents the overall GDP's positive response to shocks in each variable. Suggestions for increasing tax revenue, the government should optimize PPn and PPh as policy instruments to improve the economy in the face of the Covid-19 Pandemic.
Assessment of Platelet Mitochondrial Respiration in the Setting of Cardiopulmonary Bypass: A Case Report
Authors: Buriman Darius G. , Merce Adrian P. , Bînă Anca M. , Brăescu Laurențiu A. , Grigorescu Andrei E. , Sturza Adrian , Muntean Danina M. , Feier Horea B.
Published: June 2023

Aortic stenosis is the most common valvular disease worldwide. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is often associated with degenerative aortic stenosis, particularly among older patients. Surgical treatment of the combined pathologies is highly recommended because the results are durable. Assessment of mitochondrial respiration in blood cells has recently emerged as a potential biomarker of the bioenergetic health but data regarding the changes in the setting of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) are scarce. A 67-year-old man was referred to the clinic for progressive breathlessness, constrictive thoracic pain and fatigue. Investigations revealed severe aortic stenosis and triple-vessel CAD. The aortic valve was replaced with a mechanical aortic prosthesis and coronary artery bypass graft was performed under mild hypothermia. We assessed platelet complex I (CI)- and complex II (CII)-dependent mitochondrial respiration and found a significant increase in the net active respiration supported by CI and the maximal uncoupled respiration in platelets harvested after CPB compared to those isolated pre-CPB. At variance, the active coupled respiration and electron transfer capacity for CII were decreased. The relative contribution of the complex cardiac pathology and CPB to the impairment of CII-dependent respiration and/or a possible relation with patients’ outcome are worth further investigation in a pilot study.
GAMBARAN PEMBERIAN INFORMASI OBAT ANALGETIK SEBAGAI UPAYA SWAMEDIKASI DI APOTEK-APOTEK KECAMATAN TALANG KELAPA BANYUASIN
Authors: Tedi Tedi , Astuti Ratnaningsih Dewi , Sari Bella Maya
Published: June 2023

Latar Belakang: Tingginya persentase upaya masyarakat untuk mengobati diri sendiri serta kebutuhan informasi obat yang tinggi, maka pemberian informasi obat harus diberikan secara tepat oleh tenaga kefarmasian untuk mencegah medication error pada masyarakat. Tidak hanya pada obat yang diresepkan, tetapi juga pada obat bebas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan ketepatan pemberian informasi obat analgetik bebas sebagai upaya swamedikasi di apotek-apotek Kecamatan Talang Kelapa

Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasi dengan pendekatan deskriptif dengan jumlah sampel 16 orang. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan metode pasien simulasi yang melakukan pembelian obat analgetik di apotek sesuai skenario yang disiapkan.

Hasil: Dari sebelas aspek ketepatan informasi obat analgetik bebas yang dilakukan oleh tenaga kefarmasian di delapan apotek kecamatan Talang Kelapa. Informasi yang paling tepat diberikan yaitu cara penyimpanan obat dan cara memperlakukan obat yang masih sisa sebesar 100%. Informasi lainnya yang memiliki penilaian sangat baik yaitu lama penggunaan obat dan cara membedakan obat yang masih baik dan sudah rusak sebesar 87,5%, informasi khasiat obat dan cara pemakaian obat sebesar 81,3%. Informasi dengan ketepatan baik antara lain waktu pemakaian obat (68,7%), kontraindikasi (62,5%), dosis (62,5%), efek samping (56,3%). Sedangkan edukasi mengenai penyakit pasien menjadi informasi paling rendah ketepatannya dengan persentase 37,5% dengan penilaian cukup baik.

Kesimpulan: Secara keseluruhan ketepatan pemberian informasi obat analgetik bebas sebagai upaya swamedikasi di apotek-apotek Kecamatan Talang Kelapa sudah dinilai baik. Hanya saja tenaga kefarmasian yang ada kebanyakan bersikap pasif, sehingga dibutuhkan keaktifan pasien simulasi dalam mendapatkan informasi agar bisa menentuan tepat atau tidaknya sebuah informasi.
HUBUNGAN KELINCAHAN DAN KOORDINASI MATA KAKI DENGAN KEMAMPUAN MENGGIRING BOLA PADA CLUB BAJANG POHGADING TAHUN 2019
Authors: Subakti dan Nurdin
Published: June 2023

Dalam permainan sepakbola seorang pemain harus dapat mengusai teknikdasar yang benar dan baik, agar dapat bermain secara maksimal baik pada saat latihan ataupun pada saat pertandingan. Untuk dapat mengusai teknik dasar dalam permainan sepakbola harus didukung oleh kondisi fisik yang baik. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah ada hubungan kelincahan dan koordinasi mata kaki dengan kemampuan menggirirng bola. Jumlah subyek dalam penelitian ini terbatas hanya 18 orang maka penelitian ini menggunakan studi populasi. Hubungan kelincahan dengan kemampuan menggiring bola dengan taraf signifikan 5% dengan angka dalam r-tabel diperoleh batas penolakan hipotesis sebesar 0,468 ini dapat dilihat pada tabel koefisien product moment(r-tabel). Setelah dilakukan perhitungan menggunakan rumus didapatkan nilai r-hitung sebesar 0,772 sedangkan nilai r-tabel sebesar 0,468, dari perbandingan nilai r-hitung lebih besar dari r-tabel (0,772 > 0,468). Koordinasi mata kaki dengan kemampuan menggiring bola didapatkan nilai r-hitung sebesar 0,038 sedangkan r-tabel menunjukan 0,468, dari perbandingan nilai r-hitung lebih kecil dari r-tabel (0,038 < 0,468). Sedangkan pada saat analisis hubungan kelincahan dan koordinasi mata kaki dengan kemampuan menggiring bola pada Club Bajang Pohgading.Tahun 2019 menggunakan rumus korelasi ganda , didapatka nilai r-hitung 0,779 sedangkan nilai r-tabel sebesar 0,468. Jadi dapat disimpulkan pada analisis yang ketiga menunjukan hubungan yang kuat antara kelincahan dan koordinasi mata kaki dengan kemampuan menggiring bola pada Club Bajang Pohgading.Tahun 2019, bila dianalisis secara bersama-sama menggunakan rumus korelasi ganda.
EFEKTIFITAS DAUN LAMTORO BAGI PERTUMBUHAN TUNAS DAUN TANAMAN CABE PADA PEMBELAJARAN IPA KELAS IX
Authors: Aldiyah Evy
Published: June 2023

Tanaman cabe rawit merupakan komoditas pertanian penting di Indonesia meskipun bukan kebutuhan pokok. Agar tanaman lebih cepat produktif maka untuk pertumbuhannya diberikan upaya pemupukan. Berkembangnya penggunaan pupuk sintetis dinilai tidak praktis bahkan merusak lingkungan, sehingga digalakkan penggunaan pupuk alami berbahan dasar ekstrak daun tumbuhan. Pupuk alami yang digunakan pada penelitian adalah berbahan dasar ekstrak daun lamtoro (Leucaena leucochepala L). Selain dapat menyuburkan tanaman, pupuk ini relatif aman dan ekonomis serta ramah lingkungan dalam penggunaannya. Penelitian ini digunakan untuk mengetahui keefektifan ekstrak daun lamtoro terhadap pertumbuhan tunas daun tanaman cabe rawit (Capsicum frustescens L) dan berapa lama munculnya tunas daun setelah pemberian pupuk. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode Eksperimental di Laboratorium, untuk menilai pengaruh suatu perlakuan terhadap objek. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap objek yang berupa tanaman cabe rawit, terdiri dari 3 perlakuan dengan konsentrasi cairan pupuk yang berbeda (10 gr/L, 25 gr/L dan 40 gr/L). Parameter penelitian dilakukan terbatas pada munculnya tunas daun setelah 7 hari diberikan pupuk lamtoro dengan penambahan 0,5 gram vetsin. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa pada konsentrasi pupuk menengah (25 gr/L) cukup efektif mempengaruhi pertumbuhan tunas daun tanaman cabe, dibandingkan dengan konsentrasi pupuk rendah (10 gr/L) dan konsentrasi pupuk tinggi (40 gr/L). Dari penelitian ini dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa tumbuhan memiliki batas optimum dalam penyerapan unsur hara, asupan nutrisi yang berlebihan juga membuat pertumbuhan tanaman menjadi kurang baik. Konsentrasi pupuk daun lamtoro 25 gr/L cukup efektif mempengaruhi pertumbuhan tunas daun tanaman cabe rawit. Hasil dari penelitian ini disumbangkan sebagai materi pengayaan dalam pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam kelas IX semester ganjil pada KD 3.2. Menganalisis sistem perkembangbiakan pada tumbuhan dan hewan serta penerapan teknologi pada sistem reproduksi tumbuhan dan hewan
Knowledge and Behavior regarding Consumption of Herbal Galactagogues among Breastfeeding Women in Mataram City
Authors: I Gusti Agung Ayu Hari Triandini  , Ni Made Gita Gumangsari  , I Gde Adi Suryawan Wangiyana
Published: June 2023

Kota Mataram merupakan wilayah kabupaten terendah untuk capaian ASI eksklusif di Nusa Tenggara Barat pada tahun 2022. Salah satu penyebab kegagalan pemberian ASI eksklusif adalah kurangnya produksi ASI. Galaktogog adalah substansi yang dapat meningkatkan produksi ASI. Alternatif yang relatif aman digunakan dalam menangani produksi ASI yang kurang lancar adalah dengan mengkonsumsi herbal yang mengandung galaktogog. Kebudayaan dan pengetahuan perilaku setempat tentang galaktogog herbal, penting ditelusuri guna mendapatkan gambaran wawasan jenis galaktogog serta khasiatnya sekaligus efek samping dan kajian saintifik agar dapat digunakan sebagai referensi bagi ibu menyusui. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh gambaran tingkat pengetahuan dan perilaku ibu menyusui tentang konsumsi galaktogog Desain penelitian yaitu mixed method research. Pendekatan yang dilakukan yaitu dengan pendekatan cross-sectional untuk survei pengetahuan dan perilaku konsumsi galaktogog herbal yang dilakukan dengan membagikan kuesioner kepada responden dengan kriteria inklusi yaitu ibu menyusui dengan anak 0 s.d 6 bulan, yang berdomisili di Kota Mataram dan terdaftar di Puskesmas yang ada di Kota Mataram sebanyak 124 orang. Pengetahuan responden tentang galaktogog herbal tergolong pada kategori kurang (62,1 persen) sedangkan perilaku konsumsi galaktogog herbal tergolong pada kategori baik (37,1persen). Dari hal tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa umumnya masyarakat Kota Mataram lebih sering mengkonsumsi galaktogog herbal berdasarkan bukti empiris secara turun temurun, sehingga perlu diberikan suatu tambahan informasi terkait variasi galaktogog herbal lainnya untuk mendukung capaian ASI eksklusif.
The Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on the Interest in Family Planning among Couples of Childbearing Age
Authors: Nyna Puspita Ningrum  , Rizka Esty Safriana
Published: June 2023

The population growth rate in Indonesia has been declining recently. Family Planning program is an initiative of the Indonesian government that has been running since 1980. It has been successful in reducing the population growth rate. The number of children a woman has during her reproductive period is known as the total fertility rate. However, the Covid-19 pandemic has prompted worries about the rising birth rate as a result of the disruption of contraceptive services. In order to assist the government in gathering information on family planning acceptors among couples of childbearing age in Indonesia and to serve as a resource for courses on reproductive health and family planning, this study aims to determine the impact of Covid-19 pandemic on the interest in family planning among couples of childbearing age. This was a quantitative analytical study with a one-shot case study design. The study populations involved 137 participants of couples of childbearing age with children. All completed the questionnaire; 112 of them were selected using the total sample approach in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data obtained as the results of survey were tested for validity using the product moment validity test. Chi-square analysis was applied which obtained a p value of 0.003 or less than 0.05. It can be concluded that there was a strong correlation between family planning implementation and participation during the Covid-19 pandemic in September to December 2020. According to the study finding, couples of childbearing age were less interested in family planning as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic.
Effectiveness of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) on Changes in Weight and Height among Under-five Children with Stunting
Authors: Iswati Retno Setyo , Indria Nuraini
Published: June 2023

Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) is a type of vegetable oil that can facilitate the food digestion and nutrients absorption processes. VCO contains plus minus 10percent unsaturated fatty acids and plus minus 90percent saturated fatty acids. Besides fat, VCO also contains micronutrients. Administering VCO to under-five children with stunting aims to improve metabolic function so as to increase immunity, optimize growth and development and quality of child health status. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) on changes in body weight and height among under-five children with stunting. This was a Quasi-Experimental study with a Non Equivalent Control Group design. The samples involved 32 under-five children with stunting. The intervention by administering VCO at a dose of 1 X 5 ml before eating in the morning was conducted for 30 days. Data were analyzed using paired t-test. The results of the study found that administration of VCO was not proven to be effective in significantly increasing body weight (p equals 0.693) and height (p equals 0.548) among under-five children with stunting (p more than 0.05).
Neurofibromatosis: Evaluation of Clinical Features of 39 Cases
Authors: Güngör Olcay
Published: June 2023

Objective: Our study aims to evaluate the clinical findings of childhood neurofibromatosis type 1 cases.
Material and Methods: The clinical features of childhood patients who were followed up and treated by Pamukkale University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Neurology between 2015 and 2023 were evaluated retrospectively.
Results: 39 children were included in the study. Twenty-one of the cases were male and 18 were female. The mean age was 11.71±4.05 years. 11 (28.2%) patients had a family history of neurofibromatosis. Lisch nodule was seen in 14 patients, and axillary freckling was seen in 21 patients. Six of the cases had neurofibroma. Plexiform neurofibroma was not present in any of the cases. Four children had scoliosis. Nine of the cases had learning disabilities.
Conclusion: The symptoms, signs, and complications of the cases in our study are consistent with the literature. It was thought that the low number of complications was due to the young age of the cases. In this study, we emphasized the importance of early recognition of NF-1 in terms of informing families about the disease and preventing treatable complications with regular clinical follow-up of these children.
Can vitamin B12, folate, and Vitamin D deficiencies be predisposing factors in cases with acute cystitis?
Authors: Akkurt Abdullah
Published: June 2023

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between vitamin D, vitamin B12, and folic acid deficiencies and the incidence of acute cystitis, considering the vital role of these vitamins in immune system function.
Material and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients diagnosed with cystitis at our hospital between 2020 and 2022, who had their Vitamin D, B12, and folic acid levels assessed. The prevalence of deficiencies was calculated and statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the association between vitamin deficiencies and acute cystitis. Subgroup analyses were conducted to identify vulnerable populations at higher risk of developing cystitis in the context of vitamin deficiency.
Results: Vitamin D deficiency was found in 96% of the patients, followed by Vitamin B12 (44%) and folic acid (35%). Logistic regression models revealed a significant association between vitamin deficiency and acute cystitis (p < 0.05 for all three vitamins). Subgroup analyses identified women and older individuals (≥ 60 years) with vitamin deficiencies as more susceptible to cystitis than their counterparts without deficiencies (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Our study suggests a potential association between Vitamin D, B12, and folic acid deficiencies and the incidence of acute cystitis, particularly among vulnerable populations, such as women and older individuals. These findings highlight the importance of considering nutritional factors in preventing and managing acute cystitis and warrant further investigation in larger prospective studies.
GAUDIBILIDAD Y DEPRESIÓN EN ESTUDIANTES UNIVERSITARIOS DE COAHUILA
Authors: Valdés-García Karla Patricia , Sánchez-Loyo Luis Miguel , Padrós Blázquez Ferrán , Ambriz Delgadillo Luis Eduardo , Hermosillo-De la Torre Alicia Edith
Published: June 2023

La depresión representa un problema de salud mundial y afecta significativamente a universitarios. El objetivo del estudio fue identificar correlaciones y diferencias por sexo entre gaudibilidad y síntomas depresivos en una muestra de universitarios de Coahuila. El método de estudio fue cuantitativo, transversal y de alcance correlacional. Participaron 1,350 estudiantes entre 18 y 29 años, se aplicó la Escala de Gaudibilidad y la subescala de depresión del DASS-21. Los resultados mostraron una correlación negativa (-0.581, p < .001), y se identificaron diferencias por sexo en los moduladores de creencias irracionales en mujeres, e interés y concentración en hombres. Las conclusiones se enfocan en el desarrollo de la gaudibilidad como un factor protector de la depresión.
¿CÓMO CUIDAN LOS HOMBRES?
Authors: Valle Morfín María Esther , Salguiero Velázquez María Alejandra
Published: June 2023

La separación conyugal es un proceso complicado en la vida de los varones, los lleva a cambiar sus formas de participación en el cuidado de los hijos/as. El marco teórico desde el que se abordará es el construccionismo social con perspectiva de género de los hombres. El objetivo fue analizar las prácticas de cuidado de un hombre durante el proceso de separación conyugal. La metodología empleada fue cualitativa, mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas y a través del método biográfico narrativo se pudo analizar la trayectoria de vida de un participante en su condición de historia de caso. Los resultados muestran que el cuidado está presente antes, durante y después del embarazo, durante el desarrollo de los hijos/as de formas distintas como fue la búsqueda de redes de apoyo, el proveer de recursos económicos, el cuidado durante las enfermedades, la higiene, disciplina, entre otras.
DESCRIPTIVE OVERVIEW OF VITILIGO
Authors: Bryam Esteban Coello García  , Esteban Eugenio Iñiguez Avila  , Lorena Del Cisne Ordoñez Armijos  , Leyda Coralía Loor Martínez  , Tania Cristina Bernal Quizhpi  , Galo Fernando Tulcanaza Ochoa  , Erick Alberto ortiz Mora
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Vitiligo is an acquired idiopathic autoimmune disorder showing non regular depigmentation of the skin, hair, or both. It may show with amelanotic, milky-white, firmly demarcated macules or patches of normal skin. Vitiligo, a common depigmenting skin disorder, with a prevalence of about 0.5-2% worldwide. Among the therapies commonly used as treatment are systemic glucocorticoids and phototherapy.
Objective: to detail the current information related to vitiligo, epidemiology, etiology, presentation, differential diagnosis and treatments.
Methodology: a total of 30 articles were analyzed in this review, including review and original articles, as well as clinical cases, of which 21 bibliographies were used because the other articles were not relevant to this study. The sources of information were PubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane; the terms used to search for information in Spanish, Portuguese and English were: vitiligo, depigmenting, melanocytes.
Results: Vitiligo is present in all ethnic groups, as well as in all skin types without predilection. It is a profound disease with a genetic risk between 75% and 83%, the remaining percentage being due to environmental factors.
Conclusions: Vitiligo, a common depigmenting skin disorder, with a prevalence around 0.5-2% in adults and children. The disease is multifactorial with a polygenic inheritance pattern, so the individual contribution of each genetic variant to susceptibility is relatively minimal. Vitiligo is a depigmentation that can be primary, circumscribed or generalized in the skin and mucous membranes, linked to melanocyte self-destruction, genetic factors, autoimmunity, oxidative stress and cytokines. The detailed molecular mechanisms still need further investigation. Diagnosis is usually clinical, by finding acquired, amelanotic, non-squamous, chalky-white, chalky-white maccules with distinct margins in a typical distribution. The differential diagnosis is of utmost importance for this purpose Woods lamp can be used to facilitate the diagnosis. Vitiligo presents 2 segmental and non-segmental types. As the development and understanding of the molecular mechanism improves, treatment will become more and more precise. Treatment should be individualized and take into account the location, clinical presentation and presence of activity.
KEY WORDS: vitiligo, skin, melanocytes, macules, hypopigmented.
PENERAPAN MODEL PROJECT BASED LEARNING BERBANTUAN EDUCATION GAMES DIGITAL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN MATEMATIKA DI KELAS IV SDN MAJALENGKA WETAN VII
Authors: Eriska D. , Aprianti Fitri , Nurkholis  , Rahayu Sri
Published: June 2023

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This research has a background of low student learning outcomes in Mathematics. This research aim to applied the Project Based Learning model with the help of Digital Education Games to increase the result in SDN Majalengka Wetan VII. The method used in this research is the Classroom Action Research method. This research consists of two cycles and four stages. In each cycle includes planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The subject of this research are 14 male students and 18 females students. The observation during the process, using of test in the end of cycle, and documentation during the process used collection data. The results showed that the application of the Project Based Learning learning model with the help of Digital Education Games could improve student learning outcomes in Mathematics class IV-A SDN Majalengka Wetan VII. This is indicated by an increase in the average value and the percentage of learning completeness from pre-cycle to cycle. The average value obtained from pre-cycle is 66.12 with a learning completeness percentage of 34.37%. In cycle I the average value obtained was 77.25 with a learning completeness percentage of 59.38%. In cycle II the average value obtained was 84.97 with a learning completeness percentage of 87.5%. The conclusion is that the application of the Project Based Learning learning model with the help of digital Education Games can improve student learning outcomes in Mathematics in class IV-A SDN Majalengka Wetan VII.
IMPLEMENTASI KEGIATAN MENEMPEL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTORIK HALUS SISWA DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Elisasmita  , Mayar Farida , Desyandri
Published: June 2023

This study aims to describe how sticking activities can improve fine motor skills in elementary school students. The research subjects were 4th grade elementary school students, with a total of 21 children consisting of 11 boys and 10 girls. Data collection techniques are carried out through observation and documentation. The instrument used is the observation sheet. The indicator of success in this study was the percentage calculation showing that 84% of children experienced an increase in fine motor skills through sticking activities with leaves as media. The results showed that children's fine motor skills increased after the action through sticking activities with leaves as media. When the pre-action was carried out, the percentage of children's fine motor skills increased by 28% to 59% in cycle I, and increased to 89% in cycle 2. It can be concluded that sticking activities with leaf media can improve the physical motor skills of elementary school students.
KONSEP MERDEKA SEBAGAI LANDASAN PENDIDIKAN DI ERA KURIKULUM MERDEKA BELAJAR
Authors: Devian Lora , Neviyarni  , Murni Irda
Published: June 2023

Educational philosophy determines educational decisions, alternatives and choices that are guided by education and curriculum developers. The emergence of the term "Freedom to learn" is a new policy program of the Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia (Kemendikbud RI) launched by the Indonesian Minister of Education and Culture of the Advanced Indonesia Cabinet, Nadiem Anwar Makarim. This independent learning curriculum aims to answer the challenges of education in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0. The method used in this research is literature research (library research). The results of the literature review in this study concluded that the concept of independent learning curriculum education integrates literacy skills, knowledge skills, skills and attitudes as well as mastery of technology. The independent learning policy is based on four philosophical views, namely progressivism, constructivism, humanism, and anthropological philosophy. In addition, the philosophical basis for the policy of independent learning can also be found in Ki Hadjar Dewantara's view of education.
Phase transitions of a mixed spin ferrimagnet in high temperatures
Authors: Obaid Intesar A , Al-Saeedi Shakir D , Mohamad Hadey K
Published: June 2023

In this research paper molecular mean-field theory (MMFT) has been investigated based on Gibbs-Bogoliubov free energy function of a ferrimagnetics mixed spin-3 and spin-5/2 Blume-Capel model with different magnetic crystal fields. The free energy of the proposed ferrimagnet has been evaluated depending on the trial Hamiltonian operator. Minimizing the free energy, one may induce characteristic features of the longitudinal magnetizations, phase transitions and spin compensation temperatures, in the ranges of low temperatures, respectively. In particular, we study the effect of crystal field domains on the critical phenomena for the proposed model. The sublattice magnetization dependence of free energy function has been discussed as well. Our results predict the existence of multiple spin compensation sites in the disordered Blume-Capel Ising system for a simple cubic lattice.
Fuzzy clustering approach in distributed information systems for marine engines
Authors: Епихин А.И.
Published: June 2023

В статье обоснована необходимость дополнительного учета требований жизненного цикла проектируемых систем разработчиками продукции в дополнение к традиционным параметрам контроля. На сегодняшний день актуальной является задача создания автономной, информационной системы проектирования и технического обслуживания судовых установок, в рамках которой можно было бы собирать, систематизировать, анализировать и управлять всей информацией о моделируемых системах, особенностях их эксплуатации для поддержки принятия решений. В статье рассмотрены особенности построения распределенных информационных систем с нечеткой кластеризацией для проектирования и контроля за эксплуатацией судового двигателя. Для формализации этого процесса необходимо разработать распределенную информационную систему судового двигателя, узлы которой смогут одновременно функционировать в пределах рабочего пространства, - так называемого, подхода нечеткой кластеризации относительно способа проектирования, с нахождением нового знания о двигателе с высокоэффективными показателями эксплуатации. Основу этой системы составляет блочно-модульный принцип построения. Модули системы будут опираться на математические модели разного уровня сложности и иерархии. Отдельный акцент сделан на необходимости использования блочно-модульного принципа построения информационных систем и применения математических моделей, которые должны удовлетворять критериям дивергенции, трансформации и конвергенции.

The article substantiates the need for additional consideration of the requirements of the life cycle of designed systems by product developers in addition to the traditional control parameters. To date, the task of creating an autonomous, information system for the design and maintenance of ship installations, within which it would be possible to collect, systematize, analyze and manage all information about the simulated systems, the features of their operation to support decision making, is relevant. The article discusses the features of building distributed information systems with fuzzy clustering for designing and monitoring the operation of a marine engine. To formalize this process, it is necessary to develop a distributed information system of a marine engine, the nodes of which can simultaneously operate within the working space, the so-called fuzzy clustering approach regarding the design method, with finding new knowledge about the engine with highly efficient operation indicators. The basis of this system is the block-modular construction principle. The modules of the system will be based on mathematical models of different levels of complexity and hierarchy. A separate emphasis is placed on the need to use the block-modular principle of building information systems and the use of mathematical models that must meet the criteria of divergence, transformation and convergence.
About the problem of passenger safety during the emergency landing of aircraft
Authors: Таранцев А.А. , Скодтаев С.В.
Published: June 2023

Рассмотрены вопросы, связанные с конструктивными особенностями пассажирских лайнеров и гидросамолётов, приведены их основные характеристики. Описаны группы гидросамолетов по характеру посадочно-взлетного устройства. Показано, что при аварийном приводнении пассажирских лайнеров и гидросамолётов возникает опасность для пассажиров и экипажа, если в течение некоторого времени не будут проведены спасательные работы. Рассмотрены наиболее опасные режимы аварийного приводнения пассажирских самолетов. Приведены основные причины аварийного приводнения авиалайнеров и гидросамолетов. Приведены примеры «успешных» аварийных приводнений авиалайнеров, при которых все пассажиры выжили. Рассмотрены авиационные катастрофы, случившиеся за последние 20 лет, при приводнении пассажирских самолётов. Приведены требования по оснащению авиалайнеров, совершающих полёты над большими акваториями, средствами для спасения в случае аварийного приводнения. Рассмотрены требования Воздушного кодекса Российской Федерации к действиям экипажа, при принятии решения об аварийном приводнении и покидании приводнившегося воздушного судна. Показаны особенности действий спасательных служб при приводнении самолета. Предложены технические решения, направленные на обеспечение возможности проведения спасательной операции при большом удалении от берега за счёт увеличения времени нахождения авиалайнера на плаву.

The issues related to the design features of passenger liners and seaplanes are considered, their main characteristics are given. Described are groups of seaplanes by the nature of the landing and take-off device. It is shown that in case of emergency splashdown of passenger liners and seaplanes, there is a danger to passengers and crew if rescue operations are not carried out for some time. The most dangerous modes of emergency splashdown of passenger aircraft are considered. The main reasons for the emergency splashdown of airliners and seaplanes are given. Examples are given of "successful" emergency airliners, in which all passengers survived. Also considered are aviation disasters with human losses that occurred over the past 20 years, during the splashdown of passenger aircraft. The requirements for equipping airliners flying over large waters with rescue equipment in the event of emergency splashdown are given. The requirements of the Air Code of the Russian Federation to the actions of the crew when deciding on emergency splashdown and leaving the splashdown aircraft are considered. The features of the rescue services during aircraft splashdown are shown. Technical solutions are proposed aimed at ensuring the possibility of a rescue operation at a great distance from the coast due to an increase in the time of the airliner afloat.
Event Management and Social Entrepreneurship: An Overview
Authors: Ratten Vanessa
Published: June 2023

In recent years the concepts of event management and social entrepreneurship have been increasingly mentioned together due to the COVID-19 pandemic altering the global economy. As a result, there is a growing body of practical evidence related to events using a social entrepreneurship
goal in their management approach. Despite the connection and fast growth of research, there is a need for a better understanding of the relevance of social entrepreneurship for event management research and practice that emphasizes new practical and theoretical contributions. This article
seeks to address the connection by discussing the reason and rationale for using a social entrepreneurship theoretical and managerial framework in event management studies.
Exploring New Dive Tourist Cohorts on the Great Barrier Reef
Authors: Cummins Terrence , Pabel Anja , Prideaux Bruce R.
Published: June 2023

This research note reports on previously undescribed cohorts of dive tourists and contributes to the current body of knowledge about dive tourist segments. Findings are based on conversations with 138 passengers who volunteered comments while returning from the Great Barrier Reef Marine
Park (GBRMP) on commercial day-trip and liveaboard (overnight) vessels. The study identified six new dive tourist cohorts. The findings highlight the importance that travel companions play in the decision-making of dive tourists with implications for customer value creation. The findings also
may indicate an emerging trend in the adventure tourism market where participants are unlikely to become dedicated enthusiasts in adventure activities such as scuba diving. These insights also have implications for the dive tourism industry as a potential way to increase dive tourist numbers.