bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect assessment of lifted orthopaedic shoes on gait in people with leg length discrepancy using a deep learning gait detection in the customisation process
Authors: Chung Younjin , Park Insik , Jamsrandorj Ankhzaya , Bok Soo-Kyung , Mun Kyung-Ryoul , Kim Jinwook
Published: October 2024

Background
Gait deviation by leg length discrepancy limits development of motor skills and causes lower limb injuries and pains. Orthopaedic shoes (OSs) have been a widely used treatment for the gait problems. However, their effects on gait performance at their customisation have not been widely studied due to the high complexity and cost in measuring and analysing gait changes. It misses an opportunity for providing optimally lifted OSs to individuals. This study therefore aimed to assess the effects of OSs through simple gait pattern analysis using a vision-based deep learning approach and provide a useful guideline for their customisation.
Methods
Sixteen participants, having the left leg short, underwent walking on straight paths with and without their trial OSs, initially lifted for equalising bilateral leg lengths. The vision-based deep learning model was employed to extract spatiotemporal gait parameters from the participant’s gait videos. Using the parameters, we examined pattern changes between the left and right gaits in terms of harmony, symmetry, regularity, and stability defined in this study. The gait pattern changes were evaluated using paired t-tests.
Results
With the trial OSs, significant improvement (p<0.05) of the gait harmony was shown in the left gait. Conflicting pattern changes between the left and right gaits were observed in the gait symmetry and regularity analyses. The gait symmetry was significantly increased for step length (p<0.05) whereas decreased for step phase (p<0.05) with high variation and considerable gaps in the changes. The left gait became more regular with the increase in step length (p<0.01) and phase on the contrary to the right gait. Regarding step phase, the overall gait regularity was significantly decreased (p<0.05). The gait stability also showed a decreasing tendency. The overall gait performance with the trial OSs was counted as suboptimal, in which further individually-differentiated correction is required in their customisation.
Conclusions
This study raised additional considerations of examining individual gait performance when customising OSs and provided an avenue to develop evidence-based customisation strategies. The gait pattern analysis using a vision-based deep learning approach can be suggested as a feasible method for effective customisation of optimally corrected OSsfor gait rehabilitation.
Feasibility of exercise during working hours in acute hospital staff
Authors: Nielsen Susanne Grøn , Pedersen Mathias , Toftager-Oster Jonas Ulrik , Saervoll Charlotte Ahlgren , Fischer Thea Kølsen , Lindegaard Birgitte , Molsted Stig
Published: October 2024

Purpose
Workplace health interventions with exercise have positive effects on musculoskeletal pain and well-being at work, however, effectiveness is questioned due to low adherence. In hospitals participation is challenged by shiftwork and unpredictable workload associated with the treatment of patients. Our aim was to investigate the feasibility of exercise during working hours in an acute hospital, herein to estimate the health impact to guide management decisions on implementation.
Methods
A non-randomized feasibility trial in a public hospital, offering staff 30 minutes of supervised group-based individualized exercise during working hours, twice weekly for 20 weeks. Acceptance and adherence were registered. Self-reported outcomes were social capital, well-being, quality of life, and musculoskeletal pain. Objective outcomes were blood pressure, body composition, and cardiorespiratory fitness.
Results
A total of 617 (23%) of employees signed up (92% female, median age was 50 years, 38% nurses). Adherence was 29% with no difference between employees with clinical versus non-clinical functions. Non-clinicians participated during working hours, while clinicians participated outside of working hours in 50% (IQR 5-87) of the sessions. Positive changes were seen in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (decreased 2.0 [0.9; 2.2] and 0.9 [0.1; 1.7] mmHG, respectively), aerobic capacity 2.3 ml/O2/min/kg [1.7; 2.9], and in waist-hip ratio, social capital, well-being, quality of life, and musculoskeletal pain.
Conclusion
Exercise during working hours in an acute hospital staff was feasible, but strategies to increase acceptance and adherence are necessary for a successful implementation. Despite low adherence, the intervention was associated with improvements of physical and mental health.
Registration: The study protocol has been uploaded on www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04988724).
The virome composition of respiratory tract changes in school-aged children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection
Authors: Zhang Dianqi , Cao Yang , Dai Biao , Zhang Teng , Jin Xing , Lan Qingyue , Qian Chaoying , He Yumin , Jiang Yi
Published: October 2024

BackgroundMycoplasma pneumoniae(MP) is a common pathogen for respiratory infections in children. Previous studies have reported respiratory tract microbial disturbances associated with MP infection (MPI); however, since the COVID-19 pandemic, respiratory virome data in school-aged children with MPI remains insufficient. This study aims to explore the changes in the respiratory virome caused by MPI after the COVID-19 pandemic to enrich local epidemiological data. Methods Clinical samples from 70 children with MPI (70 throat swab samples and 70 bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples) and 78 healthy controls (78 throat swab samples) were analyzed using viral metagenomics. Virus reads were calculated and normalized using MEGAN.6, followed by statistical analysis. Results Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) showed that viral community diversity is a significant difference between disease cohorts and healthy controls. After MPI, the number of virus species in the upper respiratory tract (URT) increased obviously, and the abundance of familiesPoxviridae,Retroviridae, andIridoviridae, which infect vertebrates, rose evidently, particularly the speciesBeAn 58085 virus(BAV). Meanwhile, phage alterations in the disease cohorts were predominantly characterized by increasedMyoviridaeandAckermannviridaefamilies and decreasedSiphoviridaeandSalasmaviridaefamilies (p < 0.01). In addition, some new viruses, such as rhinovirus, respirovirus, dependoparvovirus, and a novel gemykibvirus, were also detected in the BALF of the disease cohort. Conclusions This cross-sectional research highlighted the respiratory virome characteristics of school-aged children with MPI after the COVID-19 outbreak and provided important epidemiological information. Further investigation into the impact of various microorganisms on diseases will aid in developing clinical treatment strategies.
Enhancing Prediction of Magnetic Properties in Additive Manufacturing Products through a 3D Convolutional Vision Transformer Model
Authors: Horng Ming-Huwi , Chang Lien-Kai , Chen Po-Chun , Tsai Mi-Ching , Lee Rong-Mao , Huang Jhih-Cheng , Chang Tsung-Wei
Published: October 2024

With the advancement of metal additive manufacturing technology, selective laser melting (SLM) has gained significant prominence in industrial manufacturing. However, traditional methods for measuring magnetic properties need to improve efficiency and accuracy for modern manufacturing demands. This study employs a 3D convolutional vision transformer (3D-CvT) model to rapidly and accurately predict magnetic properties in products created through the SLM process.
The 3D-CvT model merges the advantages of convolutional neural networks and vision transformer, enhancing the understanding of spatial and feature information. As a result, it achieves higher accuracy and efficiency in predicting magnetic properties compared to traditional machine learning methods. Utilizing heatmap technology, this model visually displays areas of the image that significantly impact prediction outcomes. These heat maps facilitate an effective understanding of how image features influence the magnetic properties of the products.
Experiments were conducted on 200 specimens, with the results indicating that the 3D-CvT model's predictions showed low mean square error (MSE), low mean absolute error (MAE), and high R-squared (R2) values compared to the actual measured values (ground truth). This indicates strong consistency between the predicted and measured magnetic properties. Additionally, a Student's t-test was performed, and the corresponding p-values exceeded 0.05, suggesting no statistically significant difference between the predicted and actual measured values for the target population.
Enhanced light retrieval from a memory based on interfering recoil-induced resonances
Authors: Carvalho João Carlos de Aquino , Moreira Raoni , Tabosa Jose
Published: October 2024

We report on the observation of efficient light storage based on recoil-induced resonances and the associated generation of forward four-wave mixing signal. We use a strong coupling beam red-detuned from the closed transition $6S_{1/2}, F=4\rightarrow6P_{3/2}, F^{\prime}=5$ of cold cesium atom and a two-mode probe beam, whose frequency can be scanned around the coupling beam frequency. First, we demonstrate the coherent phase transfer from one mode component of the probe beam to the corresponding forward generated four-wave mixing beam. We then explore the coherent nature of the stored optical information to retrieve the two-mode probe energy with an efficiency 3.5 fold higher as compared with the total retrieved energy efficiency associated with the case where each mode component of the probe acts separately. Finally, we discuss a possible application of our experimental scheme and observed effects to investigate squeezing and quantum photon correlations.
Effects of resistance training and high-intensity interval training on lipid profiles and liver biomarkers in men with NAFLD
Authors: daramali Pardis Fazli , Heidarianpour Ali , Siavoshy Hojjatollah
Published: October 2024

Introduction
: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of 12 weeks of combined training on biomarkers of liver damage in men with NAFLD.
Methods
Twenty men (38.50 ± 5.52 years, 93.70 ± 11.32 kg) with NAFLD were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group included combined resistance training (RT) with an intensity of 60–75% of the 1RM, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) with an intensity of 84% of the maximum heart rate, and the control group did not receive any intervention. The exercise program included 12 weeks, 3 sessions per week (2 sessions of resistance training, 1 session of HIIT training) and 40–60 minutes in each session. Blood biochemical factors, including omentin-1 and fetuin-B, and liver enzymes, including ALT, AST, ALP, lipid profile (triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL, and HDL), maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), waist‒hip ratio (WHR), and body fat percentage (BFR), were measured before and after the protocol. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was used, with pretest values used as covariate variables.
Results
Serum levels of omentin-1 increased significantly, and significant increases in liver enzyme levels, lipid profiles, weight, BMI, WHR, BFR, and Vo2max were observed.
Conclusion
The results of this study showed that 12 weeks of combined training led to improvements in the lipid profile and liver enzyme levels, which can have a positive effect on NAFLD.
Current state and prospects of dihydroquercetin application in food industry
Authors: Ushkalova A. A. , Zhang T. , Baochen L.
Published: October 2024

This review is a detailed analysis of the results of the experimental studies carried out by scientists from different countries and devoted to the practical application of dihydroquercetin in food products. The main attention is paid to the antioxidant and functional properties of the bioflavonoid in the composition of milk and dairy products. Currently, dihydroquercetin is considered the most powerful natural antioxidant, which use prolongs the shelf-life of products and has a beneficial effect on the human body. Although much time has passed since dihydroquercetin discovery by Russian scientists, today a significant part of research of the bioflavonoid is focused on the pharmaceutical sphere, while its use in the food industry is at the initial stage of the development. In the article, studies carried out by Russian, Chinese, Japanese, European, American and other foreign authors are systemized, which allowed describing quite thoroughly trends in the use of dihydroquercetin in the global industry. Having focused on the influence of the antioxidant on the characteristics of dairy products, scientists found that it increases the stability of acidity and pH, inhibits the development of the pathogenic microflora, favorably affects taste and aroma. Prospect directions for its use have been revealed, and directions for further research of the use of this antioxidant in the dairy industry have been identified. It is concluded that the addition of dihydroquercetin into a recipe will allow obtaining new functional (parapharmaceutical) food products with the antioxidant stability to prevent socially significant diseases and improve the health of the population.
Sulfur dioxide in white sugar: Source of income, reference values
Authors: Belyaeva L. I. , Pruzhin M. K. , Ostapenko A. V. , Vlasenko A. S.
Published: October 2024

Sulfur dioxide is one of the classic essential technological processing aids used in modern technology for the production of white beet sugar. The technological and safe use of sulfites (sulfur dioxide, sodium sulfite and sodium hydrosulfite) in the formation of the food system of the sugar production process flow has been substantiated, and their functional effect is shown. It has been established that the change in the content of sulfur dioxide in white sugar under the influence of an antifoam, antiscale agent and decolorant in the doses used in massecuite occurred in accordance with the principle of additivity. The presence of the additive property was confirmed by the maximum approximation of the algebraic sum of the effects of each agent, amounting to 5.6%, to the range of variation in the values of the sulfur dioxide content (5.9) at a significance level of p=0.05. The dependence of the sulfur dioxide content in white sugar in a range of 0 to 6.5 mg/kg on the influence of the decolorant and defoamer in a dose range of 100 to 200 and of 4 to 6 g/t of massecuite was established. It has been revealed that increasing the minimum optimal dose of the decolorant to the maximum leads to an increase in the content of sulfur dioxide in white sugar by 1.7 times. Confidence intervals for the general mean were calculated based on the assumption of normal data distribution and a significance level of p=0.05. The reference values for the sulfur dioxide content in white sugar of the four categories were 1.28–2.69 mg/kg, and the upper limit level with consideration for the confidence interval was 1.39–3.01 mg/kg. The established reference values can be used at sugar factories in the production control system, and also provide an evidence base for comparison and assessment of this indicator of the white sugar safety for industrial consumers.
Application of whey protein microparticulates in the production of ice cream and other dairy products
Authors: Sitnikova P. B. , Kazakova N. V.
Published: October 2024

The aim of this paper is to systemize data on the use of whey protein microparticulates (WPMP) in production of ice cream and other dairy products. Information about the essence of the microparticulation process and methods for WPMP production is given. Data on the composition and physico-chemical properties of liquid and dry WPMP are presented. An effect of sizes of WPMP particles on quality characteristics of products made with their use is described. The majority of the analyzed studies indicate that the diameter of particles is 1.0–2.5 µm. However, contradictory data were obtained for this indicator — if the results of all studies are taken into consideration, a size of conglomerates can be 0.5 to 12 µm. These sizes are comparable with parameters of fat globules, which allow receptors of the human oral cavity to perceive them identically. Due to this, WPMP can be used as an imitator of milk fat. It is noted that the microparticulation process enables producing WPMP with targeted functional properties, namely, with particular characteristics by indicators “solubility”, “water holding capacity”, “gel formation”, “emulsifying and foam forming properties”. Information about the specific features of using and dosing WPMP in fermented milk products, such yogurt, kefir, curd cheese and cheese, is given. A special attention is paid to the results of the investigation of using WPMP in ice cream. It is noted that most often scientists used WPMP to make up for the sensation of fatness in defatted and nonfat dairy products. The ability of WPMP to increase the biological value of food products is highlighted. It has been concluded that WPMP enables formation of soft and elastic structure in low-fat dairy products, intensification of milky color and restriction of ice crystal growth in frozen desserts by binding and equally distributing moisture. The data were obtained about the clinical investigation of an effect of ice cream with WPMP on the health of children and adults. The negative effect of WPMP on the indicators of clinical analyses of humans and their health was not revealed.
World practice of wheat flour classification
Authors: Baskakov A. V. , Zaytseva L. V. , Misteneva S. Yu. , Ruban N. V.
Published: October 2024

The paper presents a review of wheat classification accepted in various countries — producers of wheat and products of its processing (USA, Canada, Italy, France, Germany, China and others). Much attention is given to differences in the classification systems. Criteria for assigning wheat to certain classes based on physical and chemical properties of grain are examined. Differences in wheat classification by types, including morphological features and merits of grain such as size, color and gluten content, are highlighted. The authors discuss specific requirements and norms of wheat quality dictated by the regulatory authorities and requirements of the market of each country such as the mass fraction of moisture, content of impurities, density of grain and others. Based on the analysis of wheat classification in various world countries, it has been concluded that it is necessary to establish unified and generally accepted systems of wheat classification. This will allow simplifying international grain trade, make the market more transparent, strengthen trust between exporting and importing countries and will also facilitate the development of the international cooperation in the sphere of production and processing of wheat flour. Despite the wide assortment of flour confectionery products on the Russian market, baker’s flour of general purpose is mainly produced in the country. Its specific feature is a high content of flour from hard wheat varieties that are distinguished by higher protein content, strong gluten and large particle size. By its properties, this flour is not suitable for production of most flour confectionery products. Flour confectionery products produced from it are significantly inferior to import analogues in terms of their quality characteristics, which reduces their competitiveness. This dictates the need for the development of a standard for flour intended for production of confectionery products, which will include physico-chemical indicators for various flour types with consideration for their purpose.
The influence of storage conditions on the dynamics of physicochemical markers of champignon (Agaricus bisporus) quality
Authors: Posokina N. E. , Bessarab O. V. , Karastoyanova O. V. , Korovkina N. V.
Published: October 2024

Agaricus bisporus are the most common cultivated mushrooms. Champignons are a source of chitin, glycogen and minerals, and also have attractive organoleptic properties. Physicochemical and organoleptic characteristics of fresh Agaricus bisporus undergo significant changes during storage due to moisture transpiration, respiration and oxidative processes. The purpose of this work was to study the influence of storage conditions of cultivated champignons with unstained cap epithelium on the dynamics of their physicochemical parameters, as well as its relationship with changes in organoleptic parameters. The mushrooms were stored in refrigerated chambers at a constant temperature of +2 °C and +6 °C in polypropylene trays placed in bags made of biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP) perforated film and polyethylene (PE) film without perforation. Under all storage conditions studied, the nature of the dynamics of physicochemical parameters was close to linear (with the exception of the humidity of fruiting bodies when stored in PE film) — the calculated values of the Pearson correlation coefficient ranged from 0.67 to 0.97. Using two-factor analysis of variance, the influence of both packaging material and storage temperature on the dynamics of soluble solids content and mushroom tissue density was confirmed. When stored in PE film without perforation, a more intense negative dynamics of these criteria was observed compared to storage in perforated BOPP film. The identified difference is explained by the fact that in packaging made of PE film without perforation, conditions for anaerobic respiration were formed by the end of storage — the oxygen content decreased from 20.5% to 1.5–2.5%, which also contributed to the activation of decay processes. With increasing storage temperature, a more intense change in physicochemical parameters was observed, which was associated with an increase in metabolic rate. The relationship between the dynamics of all studied physicochemical quality markers and the dynamics of sensory assessments (with the exception of the marker "content of soluble solids" when stored in a perforated BOPP film at a temperature of 2 °C) has been statistically confirmed. Based on the results of the studies, the applicability of the criteria “humidity of fruiting bodies”, “content of soluble dry substances” and “density of fungal tissue” as markers for assessing the quality of cultivated Agaricus bisporus was confirmed.
Current developments in grain science. Review
Authors: Meleshkina E. P. , Vanina L. V. , Vitol I. S.
Published: October 2024

An analytical review of publications on the most relevant and promising areas in the field of grain science is presented: innovative technologies for processing cereals, legumes and oilseeds, obtaining composite types of flour and cereals with a balanced composition and functional properties; assessment of their technological, biochemical, rheological and organoleptic indicators. The authors examined options for their use in the production of fortified flour and cereal products for both general and special purposes; enzymatic methods for modifying by-products (secondary products) of grain and grain mixtures processing; the use of microbial enzyme preparations with cellulolytic, proteolytic and phytase action as a tool for deep processing of by-products (secondary raw materials) to obtain grain hydrolysates and structurally modified bran — valuable components for increasing the nutritional and biological value of food products and feed, as well as a source of available nitrogen and phosphorus nutrition for yeast in fermentation technologies; development of methods for determining norms and duration of safe storage of grain and grain products — wheat flour and semolina, based on the acid value of fat; assessment of the quality and microbiological safety of grain; development of requirements for the targeted use of bakery, confectionery, pasta, and culinary flour; scientifically based approaches to measures to protect grain reserves from pests. An analysis of publications that reflect the most important and pressing issues in grain science demonstrates the close relationship between fundamental and applied research, which is generally aimed at ensuring food security and maintaining public health.
The influence of the volume fraction of meat in dumplings on their cooking time
Authors: Makarov V. N. , Sadykov A. R. , Chetverikova D. C.
Published: October 2024

Based on the studied literature, the aim was to investigate the influence of the volume fraction of meat in meat dumplings (pelmeni) and the number of dumplings on their cooking time, as well as to analyze the physico-mathematical and technical aspects to be taken into account (or not) within the framework of the planned experiment. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set: to conduct experimental studies, to describe the assumptions that need to be accepted when performing the study and to conduct theoretical studies (numerical experiments, using the finite element method). When conducting experiments, dumplings of well-known brands, the names of which were conventionally labeled as “SK”, “SZ”, “RE”, “TS”, were chosen as objects of research. The need to study the dumplings of well-known brands is justified by both consumer interest and a smaller variability of product parameters, which increases the reproducibility of the results of the study. As assumptions adopted in real experiments, the authors emphasize the following ones: distilled water is used in cooking, the volume of a dumpling does not change during cooking, the biochemical composition of the filling can be neglected. As a result of the theoretical analysis, the following assumptions were made: the study of dumpling cooking does not take into account the resistance forces, i. e., turbulent and convective flows, as well as thermo-elastic effects; the time of dumpling floating to the surface is negligibly small; "approximation of initial values" — geometric, physico-chemical parameters of the dumpling do not change during cooking. Cooking time of 1, 5, 10 dumplings of known brands was obtained on the basis of numerical experiments. Using real experiments, the time from immersion of the dumplings in water to their floating to the surface was investigated. As a result of numerical experiments it has been found that the time of heating the center of the dumpling of known brands to the temperature of protein denaturation differs from the time of floating to the surface by about 360 seconds. Consequently, after floating to the surface, the dumplings of known brands need about six more minutes of cooking time until they are fully cooked.
Sustainable agriculture development for food safety and nutrition
Authors: AlFadhly N. K. Z. , Al-Temimi A. A. , Alkanan Z. T. , Altemimi A. В. , Younis M. I. , Giuffrè A. M. , Abedelmaksoud T. G.
Published: October 2024

Sustainable agriculture is a type of agriculture which, in addition to producing food and agricultural products, is also economically advantageous for farmers, socially correct, respectful of nature and the environment. Sustainable agriculture contributes to improving the quality of life of both farmers and society. Climate change, economic development and social equity influence the sustainable agriculture and require complex and shared solutions on a large scale. Sustainable agriculture includes different meanings, such as environmental, social and economic perspective. The environmental perspective is related to the development of virtuous processes that respect the planet's resources, the healthiness of the soil and water, guaranteeing the maintenance of biodiversity and avoiding the use of pesticides and chemical agents. The social and economic perspective is the ability to meet the global demand of both industrialized and developing countries by ensuring the improvement of the protection of human rights and solidarity-based economic development, the quality of life of farmers, the ethical treatment of animals. The aim of this work is to discuss the implications and perspectives of sustainable agriculture in relation to food production.
The impact of cultivation technology elements on the productivity of the soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) variety ‘Hoverla’ in the Prykarpattia region
Authors: Kunychak H. I. , Dutchak O. V. , Matviiets V. H. , Matviiets N. M.
Published: October 2024

Purpose. To study the formation of the productivity of the ‘Hoverla’ soybean variety using different elements of cultivation technology.  Methods. Field, laboratory, statistical (calculation­comparative, mathematical­statistical). Results. The effectiveness of spring chisel ploughing for the cultivation of the soyabean variety ‘Hoverla’ in the soil and climatic conditions of the  Prykarpattia region was established. The positive effect of the studied tillage methods on the phytosanitary condition of the crop was noted. In particular, the combination of autumn ploughing and spring chisel ploughing with the application of N30P30K30 mineral fertiliser and double foliar spraying of crops with a growth regulator led to an increase in the competitiveness of plants against weeds and reduced the number of weeds by 46.2% compared to the control. The implementation of the above measures also contributed to an increase in yield to 2.48 t/ha, or 57.0% on average over three years. At the same time, the yield of forage units and digestible protein increased by 1.35 and 0.3 t/ha respectively. Conclusions. Spring chisel ploughing, together with autumn ploughing and a rational combination of the predecessor’s by­products, the proposed doses of mineral fertiliser and growth regulator in the conditions of the Prykarpattia region, helped to reduce the weediness of crops by 46.2% and increase the yield of the ‘Ho­verla’ soybean variety by 57.0%.
A Standard & Poor’s 500 tőzsdei index alakulása az elmúlt 5 évben
Authors: Lázár Richárd , Csipkés Margit
Published: October 2024

A pénzügyi élet egyik jelentős eleme a tőzsde, mely kifejezés hallatán mindenkinek a pénz „befektetése” ugrik be legelőször. Mivel a jelen-legi gazdasági helyzetben a magas infláció tudatában nagyon sok hazai pol-gár pénzének az értékmegtartására törekszik, így többen kíváncsiak a tőzsde megismerésére. A lakosság körében a magas infláció miatt előtérbe kerülnek a különböző befektetési formák, melynek egy része tőzsde alapú. Fontos szem előtt tartani, hogy aki a tőzsdén kereskedik, annak először meg kell is-merni a tőzsde világának pozitív és negatív oldalát egyaránt. Minden esetben fel kell mérnie milyen kockázati tényezők lehetnek ezen befektetési szektorban is. A kutatásunkban az amerikai tőzsdét tekintettük át, ahol az elmúlt 5 évben bekövetkező változásokat elemeztük. Külön bemutatásra kerül a Standard & Poor’s 500 (továbbiakban S&P 500) index árfolyamvál-tozása is, mivel az index alakulásából nagyon sok új információt tudunk meg-fogalmazni a befektetők részére. Mivel a tőzsde szereplőit különböző szektorok alapján különböztetik meg, ezért a kutatásunkban ezen szektor csoportosítását alkalmazzuk. Célunk a kutatás elkészítésével, hogy a magyar-országi lakosok számára bemutassuk a tőzsdei árfolyamok elemzését a Covid19-világjárvány előtti, közbeni és utáni időszakban. Anyagunkban a Standard & Poor’s 500 index vállalati szektorának elemzését, illetve a Stand-ard & Poor’s 500 index árfolyam alakulásának elemzését végezzük el, mivel a téma áttekintése érdekében ezeket fontosnak tartjuk. A kalkulációk ered-ményeként megállapítottuk, hogy az S&P 500 index árfolyamára rövidtávon negatívan hatott a vírus terjedése, mivel az országok vezetői korlátozásokat vezettek be a társadalom (a lakóhelyek elhagyási tilalma, maszk használat, stb), valamint a vállalatok számára egyaránt (a kereskedelmi korlátok bev-ezetése, a vendéglátói egységek és üzletek működésének szabályozása, stb.). Hosszútávon a vírus elterjedésének következtében kialakuló gazdasági és tár-sadalmi helyzet a távmunka bevezetését igényelte sok szektorban, amely a szektoron belüli vállalatok jövedelmezőségét növelte. A vírus elterjedésének következtében kialakuló gazdasági és társadalmi helyzet a különböző szektoron belüli ellátási lánc hibáira hívta fel a figyelmet, mely arra ösztönözte a szektor résztvevőit, hogy ezeken változtatni kell lehetőségüknek megfele-lően. Anyagunkban a szektorokban kialakuló helyzeteket mutatjuk be.
Dynamic interactions among exchange rate, natural gas demand, production in manufacturing and battery industry export – evidence from Hungary
Authors: Yang Liqiao
Published: October 2024

In the context of the current global economic transformation, the rapid rise of the electric vehicle industry has made the battery industry a new focus of competition among countries. Despite its relatively small economic and demographic size, Hungary has garnered significant academic interest by emerging as the world’s third-largest battery producer in 2021. The study employed a dynamic vector autoregressive (VAR) model to determine that fluctuations in the Hungarian exchange rate have a notable immediate influ-ence on exports in the battery business，which suggests that changes in exc-hange rates directly affect international competitiveness. The battery sector is experiencing a progressive increase in the influence of fluctuations in na-tural gas demand, particularly in terms of their impact on production costs and supply chains. The battery industry has had substantial advancements in technological innovation and production efficiency as a direct result of the expansion in manufacturing production. And Hungary’s total industrial deve-lopment is significantly influenced by the long-term effects of export expan-sion in the battery industry.
Együttműködési lehetőségek a marketing területén szálloda-fürdő komplexumok esetén
Authors: Martos János András , Szabó Zoltán
Published: October 2024

A gyorsan változó gazdasági környezet és dinamikus fogyasztói igények egyre nagyobb kihívásokat támasztanak a kimondottan érzékeny szektornak számító szállodaipar és rekreációs fürdőturizmus irányában. En-nek eredményeképpen egyre jelentősebb szerepet kapnak az olyan működési és üzemeltetési struktúrák, melyek jellegüknek köszönhetően versenyelőnyt élveznek a versenytársaikkal szemben, illetve ellenállóbbak a gazdasági környezet változásainak. A kutatás során olyan, Magyarországon található fürdő-szálloda komplexumok működési területeit vizsgáltuk, melyek egymással közvetlen fizikai és üzletmeneti kapcsolatban állnak. A kutatás alapkérdése, hogy az ilyen koncepcióban működő épületegyüttesek működési modellje mennyire teszi lehetővé az üzemeltetési szinergiák kihasználását és milyen előnyökkel és hátrányokkal szolgál a felek részére. A vizsgálat központi témaköre a marketing tevékenység, az itt felmerülő gya-korlatok, fejlesztési koncepciók és együttműködési lehetőségek lokális és re-gionális szinten. A primer kutatás szállodaigazgatókkal és fürdővezetőkkel végzett mélyinterjúkon alapszik, amit egy kérdőíves kutatás egészít ki. A kér-dőívek eredményei leíró statisztikai módszerekkel kerültek elemzésre.
A pénzügyi kultúra és a tudatosság szintjének felmérése a Soproni Egyetem hallgatói körében : A 2022. évi kérdőíves kutatás eredményeinek bemutatása
Authors: Hoschek Mónika , Szóka Károly
Published: October 2024

Mindennapi életünk pénzügyei kihívások elé állít minket, de különösen a fiatalokat, akik most kerültek ki az iskolapadból, vagy éppen egyetemi hallgatók lettek. Rengeteg információ zúdul ránk, fontos kérdés, hogy megértjük-e azokat, nem mindegy, honnan származnak a döntéshez szükséges információk, ahogyan az sem, milyen ismereteket kapnak meg az egyetemen. A jó gazdasági, pénzügyi döntés meghozásának képességét ál-talában gazdasági kompetenciának, gazdasági műveltségnek vagy pénzügyi kultúrának nevezik. Ennek mérésével kezdtünk el foglalkozni 2022 őszén, a Soproni Egyetemen, a kutatás jelenleg is zajlik, illetve folytatódik. Cikkünk-ben áttekintjük a pénzügyi kultúra fogalomkörét, annak lényeges, me-ghatározó elemeit, és bemutatjuk primer kutatásunkat, melyet az egyetem két karán, két különböző munkarendben tanuló hallgatói körében végeztünk. A kérdőíves felmérés alapján 169 fő adatait a leíró statisztika eszközeinek segítségével elemeztük. A lekérdezésben részt vett megkérdezettekről elmondhatjuk, hogy bár a két kar hallgatói különböző pénzügyi ismeretekkel rendelkeznek, de jó néhány kérdésben hasonlóképpen gondolkodnak, cselekednek vagy éppen terveznek majd a jövőben cselekedni. Ugyanakkor a nappali és levelező képzésben részt vevők válaszai között már kimutathatók jelentősebb különbségek.
Integrating Digital Trends into Candidate Journeys and Employer Branding: A Book Review
Authors: Teichert Laureana
Published: October 2024

Given the evolving landscape of recruitment, the integration of technologi-cal and media trends has revolutionized recruitment processes, transform-ing how companies attract potential future colleagues. “Digitales Recruiting entlang der Candidate Journey. Maßnahmen und Best Practices für erfol-greiches Employer Branding” by Michael Lorenz and Frank Nientiedt (2023) offers insights and guidelines on integrating digital components at every stage of the candidate journey. The book serves as a comprehensive guide to the complex field of digital recruiting strategies. From raising awareness to making a final hiring decision, Lorenz and Nientiedt (2023) break down the stages of the candidate journey, explaining how digital tools can be used to optimize recruitment processes and outcomes. Drawing on related research and specific industry best practices, the book discusses va-rious aspects of digital recruitment, including social media recruiting, app-licant tracking systems, predictive analytics and more. The implementation of digital technologies to create a seamless and candidate-centric recru-itment process is a primary focus. The book highlights the potential of di-gital recruiting strategies by providing methods on how to leverage social media platforms to enhance employer branding or how to use algorithms powered by artificial intelligence to identify top talent...
Business Development – Processes, Methods and Tools
Authors: Fırat Şahin
Published: October 2024

[Andreas Kohne: Business Development – Processes, Methods and Tools Publisher: Springer Vieweg Wiesbaden, Softcover ISBN: 978-3-658-38843-0, Published: 01 Dec-ember 2022, eBook ISBN: 978-3-658-38844-7, Published: 30 November 2022] Business development has been in the center of many researches and prac-tices about business management and business operations for decades and many company experiences in variety of industries have revealed so far that creative and productive (innovative) design and solutions found for goods and services are important factors for reaching planned financial targets. Business development concept is also important for entire economic and social life if considered in total from the aspect of business management culture. Business development is a process of continues planing, producing, controlling and feedback, realized via agile acting approach with speciali-zed mindset, skillset and toolset, in relate to the products to improve them for the client needs and use. With a broad management perspective in ten chapters, the author, Dr. Andrea Kohne, is explaining the business develop-ment concepts and processes in the book titled „Business Development - Processes, Methods and Tools”.
Handbook of the circular economy: Transitions and transformation : Book review
Authors: Kriza Máté
Published: October 2024

[Alexander, A., Pascucci, S. & Charnley, F. (eds., 2023). Handbook of the circular economy: Transitions and transformation. De Gruyter, Berlin/Boston. 504 pp. ISBN 978-3-11-072322-9] Since the term “circular economy” emerged in the economic and environ-mental literature at the beginning of the 2010’s, an ever-growing number of articles, papers, reports and books have been published on this new concept that aims at the ending of the so-called linear economy and ushering into a new economic paradigm. The circular economy’s foundations lay on several schools of thought of the past almost sixty years which pro-mote closed-loop systems and nature-inspired metabolisms in the econ-omy, starting from Boulding’s seminal work “The Economics of the Com-ing Spaceship Earth” (1966) through Stahel’s “Product-Life Factor” (1982) and Pearce and Turner’s “Economics of Natural Resources and the Environment” (1994), until McDonough and Braungart’s „Cradle to Cradle” (2002) or Gradel and Allenby’s “Industrial Ecology” (2003) – just to name a few. Since the term “circular economy” was born in the past dec-ade, this concept has been a popular subject of the economic, business, environmental, technical and even popular literature (Freed & Ritchie, 2021).
Flood risk assessment of the Narmada Basin, India, under climate change scenarios
Authors: Chowdhury Nirmalya , Choudhary Mahender
Published: October 2024

Climate change has led to a significant rise in the occurrence of extreme events such as floods and droughts. It is essential to accurately assess the hazards linked to climate change to effectively tackle flood risks in the future. This study investigates the risk of flooding in the Narmada Basin under climate change scenarios. Future precipitation data of global climate models are used to create intensity–duration–frequency curves and peak flows are estimated using a hydrological model. These peak flows serve as inputs for the hydraulic model to simulate floods across various return periods. The fuzzy inference system (FIS) is employed to optimize releases and reduce peak flows to mitigate flood impacts. The findings indicate that the extent of flooding and maximum water depths increase with higher return periods and future scenarios, and optimizing the reservoir releases, decreases the extent of flooding. This decrease in inundation area ranges from approximately 9 to 10% in the Bargi-to-Indira Sagar section to 20–23% in the Indira Sagar-to-Omkareshwar Sagar segment. In the Omkareshwar Sagar-to-Sardar Sarovar segment, the flooded area diminishes by 17–18% under the Radioactive Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 and by 12–14% under the RCP 8.5 scenarios.
Advancements in Primary Alcohol Oxidation Leading to Carboxylic Acids: A Detailed Review
Authors: Sharma Saumy , Banerjee Subhash
Published: October 2024

This review article explores the direct oxidation of primary alcohols into carboxylic
acids, highlighting its importance in organic synthesis for producing valuable
chemicals in a sustainable and efficient manner. Carboxylic acids are widely employed in a
wide range of applications, encompassing food preservatives, insecticides, dye intermediates,
coatings, plasticizers, spices, flavors, scents, and a variety of industries such as polymers,
solvents, and medications. This review article covers recent advancements in catalytic
systems, including catalysts based on transition metals, organocatalysts, nanocatalysts,
and electrochemical methods. It examines the impact of reaction conditions such as solvents,
temperature, and substrate scope on these processes. The review also delves into
mechanistic insights and recent developments in tandem and cascade reactions, aiming to
provide a comprehensive understanding of current strategies and future research directions in this field.
Coumarin Derivatives: Pioneering New Frontiers in Biological Applications
Authors: Bhagat Priya P. , Bansode Tanaji N.
Published: October 2024

Coumarins are a vital class of compounds recognized for their significant therapeutic
potential, both in their natural forms and as synthetic derivatives. Characterized by a
benzene ring fused to an α-pyranose ring, coumarins have garnered considerable attention
from the scientific community due to their diverse pharmacological activities. This review
article highlights the importance of coumarin hybrids, showcasing their enhanced biological
properties and reactivity compared to traditional coumarin structures. We explore the pharmacological
profiles of various coumarin derivatives, including their anti-cancer, antiinflammatory,
antiviral, antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-tuberculosis activities, among
others. The review examines how the incorporation of different functional groups on the
coumarin scaffold can modulate its effectiveness against various diseases, particularly cancer.
Furthermore, we discuss promising results from coumarin-based hybrids, such as coumarin-pyridine, coumarin-
uracil, and coumarin-quinoline derivatives, demonstrating their efficacy against a range of pathogens.
This comprehensive overview serves as a valuable resource for researchers interested in the potential of coumarin
derivatives in therapeutic applications.
Recent Advances in Multifaceted Drug Delivery Using Natural Polysaccharides and Polyacrylamide-based Nanomaterials in Nanoformulation
Authors: Choudhury Paromita Dutta , Ikbal Abu Md Ashif , Saha Sourav , Debnath Rabin , Debnath Bikash , Singh Loushambam Samananda , Singh Waikhom Somraj
Published: October 2024

Rapid growth in nanotechnology, also known as 21st-century technology, is occurring in
response to the increasing diversity of diseases. The development of safe and effective drug delivery
methods to enhance bioavailability is of paramount importance. Researchers have focused on
creating safe, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly nanoparticle construction processes.
Natural polysaccharides, a type of multifaceted polymer with a wide range of applications and
advantages, are particularly well suited for nanoparticle formulations, as they can mitigate the
adverse consequences of synthetic nanoparticle formulations and promote sustainability. This review
summarizes various sources of natural-based polysaccharides and polyacrylamide-based
nanomaterials in nanoparticle preparation. Additionally, it discusses the use of natural polysaccharides
in formulations beyond nanotechnology, highlighting their importance in green synthesis and
different preparation methods.
Tetrafunctionalized Azocalix[4]resorcinarene Dye: A Chromogenic Supramolecule Used for the Selective Liquid-Liquid Extraction and Spectrophotometric Determination of Cu(II)
Authors: Kanaiya Parin H. , Jain Vinod K.
Published: October 2024

Background:

The detection and extraction of trace metal ions, particularly copper(II), are
critical for environmental monitoring and industrial processes. Calixresorcinarene, with its unique
cavity structure, offers excellent platforms for designing selective chemosensors and extractants.
Functionalization of calixresorcinarene with azo groups can enhance their chromogenic properties,
enabling both extraction and detection in a single step.

Objective:

This study aimed to evaluate its (Azocalix[4]resorcinaren) efficacy as a selective
chemosensor for the liquid-liquid extraction and spectrophotometric determination of Cu(II) ions.

Methods:

Application in Extraction and Detection: The ability of the dye to selectively extract
Cu(II) ions from aqueous solutions was investigated via liquid-liquid extraction experiments. The
dye-Cu(II) complex formation was monitored by UV-Vis spectrophotometry, with systematic optimization
of experimental conditions, including pH, solvent system, and extraction duration.

Results:

The synthesized azocalix[4]resorcinarene dye exhibited a pronounced selectivity towards
Cu(II) ions, forming a stable, colored complex. The complexation induced a distinct bathochromic
shift in the absorption spectrum, allowing for precise spectrophotometric detection. Optimal extraction
was achieved at a specific pH and solvent combination, with the method demonstrating a low
detection limit and high sensitivity. The dye showed minimal interference from other metal ions,
confirming its selectivity for Cu(II).

Conclusion:

The tetrafunctionalized azocalix[4]resorcinarene dye is a highly effective chromogenic
agent for the selective extraction and detection of Cu(II) ions. Its robust performance in both extraction
efficiency and spectrophotometric detection underscores its potential utility in environmental
analysis and industrial applications where trace metal detection is crucial.