bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GP64-pseudotyped lentiviral vectors target liver endothelial cells and correct hemophilia A mice
Authors: Milani Michela , Canepari Cesare , Assanelli Simone , Merlin Simone , Borroni Ester , Starinieri Francesco , Biffi Mauro , Russo Fabio , Fabiano Anna , Zambroni Desirèe , Annoni Andrea , Naldini Luigi , Follenzi Antonia , Cantore Alessio
Published: April 2024

Lentiviral vectors (LV) are efficient vehicles for in vivo gene delivery to the liver. LV integration into the chromatin of target cells ensures their transmission upon proliferation, thus allowing potentially life-long gene therapy following a single administration, even to young individuals. The glycoprotein of the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV.G) is widely used to pseudotype LV, as it confers broad tropism and high stability. The baculovirus-derived GP64 envelope protein has been proposed as an alternative for in vivo liver-directed gene therapy. Here, we perform a detailed comparison of VSV.G- and GP64-pseudotyped LV in vitro and in vivo. We report that VSV.G-LV transduced hepatocytes better than GP64-LV, however the latter showed improved transduction of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC). Combining GP64-pseudotyping with the high surface content of the phagocytosis inhibitor CD47 further enhanced LSEC transduction. Coagulation factor VIII (FVIII), the gene mutated in hemophilia A, is naturally expressed by LSEC, thus we exploited GP64-LV to deliver a FVIII transgene under the control of the endogenous FVIII promoter and achieved therapeutic amounts of FVIII and correction of hemophilia A mice.
Protein–polymer bioconjugation, immobilization, and encapsulation: a comparative review towards applicability, functionality, activity, and stability
Authors: Çalbaş Berke , Keobounnam Ashley N. , Korban Christopher , Doratan Ainsley Jade , Jean Tiffany , Sharma Aryan Yashvardhan , Wright Thaiesha A.
Published: April 2024

Protein–polymer bioconjugation, immobilization, and encapsulation exhibit a unique array of properties and can be tuned to produce desired effects for specific biomaterial applications.
Atomic/molecular layer deposition strategies for enhanced CO2 capture, utilisation and storage materials
Authors: Olowoyo Joshua O. , Gharahshiran Vahid Shahed , Zeng Yimin , Zhao Yang , Zheng Ying
Published: April 2024

This review focuses on the use of atomic and molecular layer deposition techniques (ALD/MLD) to design materials and their applications in CO2 utilization, CO2 capture and separation as well as CO2 sensing.
Magnesium cations as templates for the self-assembly of supramolecular luminescent {Mg@[B18φ34–35]}-clusters
Authors: Volkov Sergey , Yukhno Valentina , Banaru Alexander , Deyneko Dina , Aksenov Sergey , Charkin Dmitri , Povolotskiy Alexey , Savchenko Yevgeny , Antonov Andrey , Krzhizhanovskaya Maria , Ugolkov Valery , Firsova Vera , Vaitieva Yulia , Boldyrev Kirill , Bubnova Rimma
Published: April 2024

Solvothermal reaction of magnesium nitrate and boron oxide in N,N-dimethylformamide produced a number of particularly complex supramolecular magnesium borates.
Global production potential of green methanol based on variable renewable electricity
Authors: Fasihi Mahdi , Breyer Christian
Published: April 2024

The production cost of green methanol from renewable electricity-based hydrogen and atmospheric carbon dioxide could reach market prices by 2040, making it a potential solution for defossilisation of the global chemical industry and marine transport.
Strength, number, and kinetics of hydrogen bonds for water confined inside boron nitride nanotubes
Authors: Chava Bhargav Sai , Das Siddhartha
Published: April 2024

Reactive force-field based molecular simulations reveal that extreme confinement drives significant changes in the characteristics, strength, and kinetics of water–water hydrogen bonds.
Strategies to alleviate distortive phase transformations in Li-ion intercalation reactions: an example with vanadium pentoxide
Authors: Yaseen Muhammad Waseem , Maman Manju P. , Mishra Shashank , Mohammad Ibrahim , Li Xuefei
Published: April 2024

This mini-review highlights recent materials design strategies to alleviate distortive phase transformations in vanadium pentoxide materials for energy storage applications and characterization methods.
Encapsulation of copper phenanthroline within horse spleen apoferritin: characterisation, cytotoxic activity and ability to retain temozolomide
Authors: Cassioli Maria Letizia , Fay Michael , Turyanska Lyudmila , Bradshaw Tracey D. , Thomas Neil R. , Pordea Anca
Published: April 2024

Copper complexes and temozolomide can be co-encapsulated within apoferritin.
A Bayesian method for selecting data points for thermodynamic modeling of off-stoichiometric metal oxides
Authors: Wilson Steven A. , Muhich Christopher L.
Published: April 2024

A novel Bayesian approach significantly accelerates data collection for metal oxide reduction/re-oxidation thermodynamic fitting.
Designing interconnected passages by “legs-to-head” directional U-shape freeze casting to boost solar-driven self-pumping oil spill recovery
Authors: Wu Shiwen , Mashhadian Amirarsalan , Jian Ruda , Tian Siyu , Luo Tengfei , Xiong Guoping
Published: April 2024

Solar-heating siphon-assisted oil recovery is promising as an eco-friendly strategy for oil spill mitigation due to its spontaneous, continuous, and renewable operation.
Microplastic occurrence in sediments of informal settlement in Durban, South Africa: assessing the ocean impact in the aftermath of floods
Authors: Hendricks Nokwanda , Olatunji Olatunde S. , Gumbi Bhekumuzi P.
Published: April 2024

Microplastics prepared from waste plastic materials were used to study the occurrence of microplastics in informal settlement.
Functionalized orthopaedic implant as pH electrochemical sensing tool for smart diagnosis of hardware infection
Authors: Fiore Luca , Mazzaracchio Vincenzo , Gosti Christian , Duranti Leonardo , Vitiello Raffaele , Maccauro Giulio , Arduini Fabiana
Published: April 2024

Herein, we demonstrate a new strategy to use an orthopaedic implant functionalized with iridium oxide film as the working electrode for the potentiometric monitoring of pH in hardware infection diagnosis.
A molecular sheaf: doubly threaded [6]rotaxane
Authors: Huang Song , Wang Zhenwen , Wu Jinyang , Mai Xinyan , Qin Song , Zhou Yuqiao , Yuan Daqiang , Li Xiaowei , Feng Wen , Yuan Lihua
Published: April 2024

This study reveals that a hydrogen-bonded pyrimidine-macrocycle complex can efficiently thread two bispyridinium ethylenes into four rings yielding a rare, stable doubly threaded [6]rotaxane in 91% yield.
Triptycene-based diiron(ii) mesocates: spin-crossover in solution
Authors: Mobili Riccardo , Preda Giovanni , Dondi Daniele , Monzani Enrico , Vadivel Dhanalakshmi , Massera Chiara , Pasini Dario , Amendola Valeria
Published: April 2024

A triptycene-based diiron(ii) mesocate, synthesized using a rigid ligand containing two pyridylbenzimidazole chelating units, exhibited thermal-induced spin-crossover behaviour in solution.
VPg-based bidirectional synthetic mRNA circuits enable orthogonal protein regulation for high-resolution cell separation
Authors: Liang Zhenghua , Hu Yaxin , Li Cheuk Yin , Yau Wai Laam , Tan Kaixin , Kuang Yi
Published: April 2024

Synthetic mRNA-based circuits for high-resolution cell separation: a simple and effective bidirectional regulation strategy.
Enhancing the energetic and magnetic stability of atomic hydrogen chemisorbed on graphene using (non)compensated B–N pairs
Authors: Chen Zhengyan , Wang Sanjun , Xiong Wen , Wang Fei
Published: April 2024

Both compensated and non-compensated doping lead to localized band edges of graphene. The binding between the H atom and doped graphene is substantially enhanced, and the atomic scale magnetic moment is well maintained.
The magnetocaloric effect properties for potential applications of magnetic refrigerator technology: a review
Authors: Nehan Phahul Zhemas Zul , Vitayaya Okvarahireka , Munazat Dicky Rezky , Manawan Maykel T. E. , Darminto Darminto , Kurniawan Budhy
Published: April 2024

In pursuing a clean and environmentally friendly future, a magnetic refrigerator based on the magnetocaloric effect has been proposed to replace conventional refrigeration characterized by inefficient energy use and greenhouse gas emissions.
Can Re cluster complexes be an efficient catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction? Insights from experiments and computations
Authors: Khrizanforov Mikhail , Akhmadeev Bulat , Milyukova Polina , Mustafina Asiya , Zinnatullin Almaz , Khannanov Arthur , Nazmutdinov Renat , Brylev Konstantin , Shao Qi , Zairov Rustem
Published: April 2024

This work presents the possibility of using a hexarenium cluster for the hydrogen evolution reaction.
Contrasting impact of coordination polyhedra and site symmetry on the electronic energy levels in nine-coordinated Eu(iii) and Sm(iii) crystals structures determined from single crystal luminescence spectra
Authors: Mortensen Sabina Svava , Nielsen Villads R. M. , Sørensen Thomas Just
Published: April 2024

Lanthanide luminescence is characterised by “forbidden” 4f–4f transitions and a complicated electronic structure.
Crown ether-like octanuclear molybdenum(v) clusters for cation binding and gas adsorption
Authors: Dai Ru-Dan , Xie Zhen-Lang , Liu Cheng , Xin Dong , Zhou Zhao-Hui
Published: April 2024

Octanuclear molybdenum(v) clusters with porous structures have been constructed using 3-aminopyrazole. Interestingly, the central porous structures in 1 and 2 are occupied by sodium and potassium cations, respectively, while it is empty for 3.
Signature of low-dimensional quasi-F centers in zirconium-rich electrides
Authors: Thapa Dinesh , Sharma Shambhu Bhandari , Alfè Dario , Kilin Dmitri , Kilina Svetlana
Published: April 2024

The phase stability in newly predicted electride material, Zr2O has been investigated using first-principles density functional theory.
Enhancing MRI through high loading of superparamagnetic nanogels with high sensitivity to the tumor environment
Authors: Liao Jinfeng , Zhou Liangyu , Wu Yongzhi , Qian Zhiyong , Li Pei
Published: April 2024

A novel γ-Fe2O3@PNIPAm/PAm/CTS hybrid nanogel using a surfactant-free emulsion copolymerization process exhibited temperature- and pH-sensitivity, enabling magnetic targeting and enhancing diagnosis through MRI.
A nano CoFe2O4 entangled CMC/psyllium/RGO (CPRHG/CF)-based hydrogel composite for the adsorption & photocatalytic removal of pharmaceutical effluent: tramadol
Authors: Devi Jogindera , Sharma Arush , Dhiman Pooja , Kumar Ajay
Published: April 2024

CPRHG/CF composite hydrogel for adsorption led photocatalytic removal of TMD.
Emerging trends in metal oxide-based electronic noses for healthcare applications: a review
Authors: Abideen Zain Ul , Arifeen Waqas Ul , Bandara Y. M. Nuwan D. Y.
Published: April 2024

This review explores recent progress in metal oxide semiconductor-based electronic noses, focusing on fabrication methods, data analysis techniques, disease detection potential, healthcare applications, challenges, and prospects.
The design engineering of nanocatalysts for high power redox flow batteries
Authors: Lan Jinji , Wu Huilei , Yang Le , Chen Jiajia
Published: April 2024

Nanoelectrocatalysts with optimized chemical composition, structure, and integration methods can reduce reaction activation energy, improve electrolyte mass transfer, and thereby enhance the power output of redox flow batteries.
Electrochemical reconstruction of a 1D Cu(PyDC)(H2O) MOF into in situ formed Cu–Cu2O heterostructures on carbon cloth as an efficient electrocatalyst for CO2 conversion
Authors: Kempasiddaiah Manjunatha , Samanta Rajib , Panigrahy Sonali , Trivedi Ravi Kumar , Chakraborty Brahmananda , Barman Sudip
Published: April 2024

A 1D Cu-MOF was prepared via a hydrothermal method, with the developed Cu-Cu2O@CC heterostructures displaying enhanced activity in the electrocatalytic conversion of CO2 to CH3OH and C2H4 with high FE values of 37.4% and 40.53%, respectively.
Light switching for product selectivity control in photocatalysis
Authors: Peelikuburage Bayan G. D. , Martens Wayde N. , Waclawik Eric R.
Published: April 2024

Artificial switchable catalysis is a new, rapidly expanding field that offers great potential advantages for both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalytic systems.
Catalytic NH3 oxidation affected by the nanometric roughness of the platinum overlayer
Authors: Machida Masato , Yamasaki Nayu , Miyoshi Tomoya , Kusaba Hiroki , Sato Tetsuya , Awaya Keisuke , Yoshida Hiroshi , Ohyama Junya , Ohori Teppei , Oka Kohei , Fujii Kenji , Ishikawa Naoya
Published: April 2024

The nanometric smoothness of the Pt overlayer achieved more than 10-fold greater TOF compared to the rough Pt surface.
Consecutive one-pot alkyne semihydrogenation/alkene dioxygenation reactions by Pt(ii)/Cu(ii) single-chain nanoparticles in green solvent
Authors: Pinacho-Olaciregui Jokin , Verde-Sesto Ester , Taton Daniel , Pomposo José A.
Published: April 2024

Bimetallic single-chain nanoparticles allow two consecutive one-pot (incompatible) reactions to be performed at room temperature in N-butylpyrrolidone.
Recent advances in batch production of transfer-free graphene
Authors: Fang Ye , Zhou Kaixuan , Wei Wenze , Zhang Jincan , Sun Jingyu
Published: April 2024

This review discusses recent advances in batch production of transfer-free graphene, presenting the key challenges and outlining the future directions.
Development of an efficient and scalable bioprocess for the plant hormone 12-OPDA: Overcoming the hurdles of nature's biosynthesis
Authors: Guntelmann Tim Lukas , Dietz Karl-Josef , Gröger Harald
Published: April 2024

A biocatalytic cascade synthesis of cis-(+)-12-OPDA at 5–20 gL−1 substrate loading was developed, leading to excellent conversion, chemical purity (>99%), enantio- and diastereomeric excess (>99% ee, 96% de) as well as neglectable side-product (<1%).
BPO-promoted [4 + 2] cyclization of enaminones and o-phenylenediamines to 2-acyl quinoxalines via a cascade transamination and C–H amination
Authors: Feng Heng , Huo Jie , Mu Xiaonan , Zheng Renhua , Geng Xiao , Wang Lei
Published: April 2024

A BPO-promoted approach to 2-acyl quinoxalines from enaminones and o-phenylenediamines via cascade transamination and C–H amination was developed.
Photoinduced metal-free trifluoro/perfluoroalkylation of heteroarenes
Authors: Singh Shashank , Singh Ravi P.
Published: April 2024

A practical and straightforward protocol to access trifluoromethylated/perfluoroalkylated heteroarenes via radical-type nucleophilic substitution rather than typical radical-type electrophilic substitution is described here.
Fe3O4-decorated MXene for the effective removal of 133Ba and 137Cs: synthesis, characterization, and optimization via response surface methodology (RSM)
Authors: Atri Shalu , Kusumkar Vipul Vilas , İnan Süleyman , Gregor Maros , Roch Tomas , Caplovicova Maria , Galambos Michal , Viglasova Eva , Plesch Gustav , Motola Martin , Monfort Olivier
Published: April 2024

The potential activity of Fe3O4 decorated MXenes in the removal of highly toxic 133Ba and 137Cs using a radioactive indicator method.
Aza-[4 + 2] annulations of α-vinyl Morita–Baylis–Hillman adducts for regiodivergent synthesis of exomethylene-bearing azatricyclic compounds
Authors: Liu Ye , Li Chao-Xu , Huang Chen , Zhu Lei , Xiong Guo-Yin , Zhu Yu-Chao , Fan Shi-Lu , Dai Jian-Jun , Xiao Hua
Published: April 2024

The regiodivergent synthesis of exomethylene-bearing azatricyclic products was achieved via aza-[4 + 2] annulations of cyclic imines with a single C4 synthon, the α-vinyl MBH adduct.
Characteristics of nonconventional hydrogen bonds and stability of dimers of chalcogenoaldehyde derivatives: a noticeable role of oxygen compared to other chalcogens
Authors: Tu Quyen Le Thi , Tung Bui Nhat , Thach Pham Ngoc , Tri Nguyen Ngoc , Trung Nguyen Tien
Published: April 2024

The blue-shift is found in the Csp2–H⋯O hydrogen bond, while the red-shift is observed in Csp2–H⋯S/Se/Te ones.
Non-thermal plasma modulated l-tyrosine self-assemblies: a potential avenue for fabrication of supramolecular self-assembled biomaterials
Authors: Bhatt Priya , Garad Prajakta Sharad , Rayala V. V. S. Prasanna Kumari , Radhakrishnanand P. , Sankaranarayanan Kamatchi
Published: April 2024

CAP instigated self-assembly of l-tyrosine leading to the creation of novel supramolecular structures.
Dual stimuli-responsive upconversion nanoparticle–poly-N-isopropylacrylamide/DNA core–shell microgels
Authors: Gao Qi , Wang Xiaowen , Hu Shanjin , He Ping-Ping , Gou Siyu , Liu Shuo , Du Xiaoxue , Guo Weiwei
Published: April 2024

Stimuli-responsive core–shell microgels composed of upconversion nanoparticles and functional DNA/thermosensitive polymer shells are constructed, and the activity of DNA can be effectively regulated by NIR illumination and temperature simultaneously.
Hydroaminomethylation of methyl 10-undecenoate with integrated catalyst recycling via a thermomorphic multiphase system for the continuous production of renewable amines
Authors: Kampwerth Anna , Riemer Tim B. , Pöttker-Menke Jonathan , Oppenberg Nadine , Windisch Arno M. , Vogt Dieter , Seidensticker Thomas
Published: April 2024

The continuous production of renewable bifunctional amines was accomplished by the hydroaminomethylation of methyl 10-undecenoate with integrated catalyst recycling via a thermomorphic multiphase system.
Ultralow detection limit and high sensitivity X-ray detector of high-quality MAPbBr3 perovskite single crystals
Authors: Liu Dong , Sun Xue , Jiang Li , Jiang Xianyuan , Chen Hao , Cui Fucai , Zhang Guodong , Wang Yong , Lu Ying-Bo , Wu Zhongchen , Ning Zhijun , Tao Xutang
Published: April 2024

High-quality MAPbBr3 single crystals were successfully synthesized using the vacuum evaporation crystallization method for the fabrication of X-ray detectors, demonstrating an ultra-low detection limit and exceptional sensitivity.
Dynamic dual-atom synergistic catalysis boosted by liquid metal for direct seawater electroreduction
Authors: Li Haoxuan , Wang Jinghui , Cui Mei , Huang Renliang , Qi Wei , Su Rongxin
Published: April 2024

Dynamic Co, Pt dual-atom synergistic catalysis boosted by Ga-based liquid metal for direct seawater electroreduction.
Tailoring bismuth defects in Bi2WO6 nanosheets for photocatalytic C–H activation
Authors: Li Xinye , Luo Luteng , Guo Hele , Weng Bo , Sun Li , Velpula Gangamallaiah , Aslam Imran , Roeffaers Maarten B. J. , Chen Qinghua , Zeng Lingxing , Yang Min-Quan , Qian Qingrong
Published: April 2024

Tailoring the bismuth defects in ultrathin Bi2WO6 nanosheets can efficiently activate the C–H bond in toluene to produce benzaldehyde under light irradiation.
Drug-loaded adhesive microparticles for biofilm prevention on oral surfaces
Authors: Oh Min Jun , Kim Jae-Hyun , Kim Jaekyoung , Lee Sunghee , Xiang Zhenting , Liu Yuan , Koo Hyun , Lee Daeyeon
Published: April 2024

This study introduces dendritic microparticles from PLGA and PLGA-b-PEG for oral antifungal delivery. They adhere to oral surfaces, offer sustained release, and prevent biofilms, while being biodegradable, promising for treating oral infections.
Fructose-mineralized black phosphorus for syncretic bone regeneration and tumor suppression
Authors: Shu Jun , Wang Yao , Zhang Guangpeng , Shu Xuedong , Xu Tingting , Zhang Junwei , Wu Fang , He Jing
Published: April 2024

CaBPs-Na2FDP@CaCl2 exhibited dual functions of antitumor and osteogenesis. It achieved targeted therapy for tumors due to pH-response degradation and GLUT5-targeting, and promoted osteoblast differentiation in the form of Ca2+–CaM during degradation.
Methionine-assisted electrodeposition of porous copper cobalt bi-metallic hetero-nanostructures on an indium tin oxide electrode: a disposable and stable electrode for non-enzymatic glucose sensing
Authors: Viswanathan Perumal , Kim Ji Won , Manivannan Shanmugam , Kim Kyuwon
Published: April 2024

This work demonstrates the role of methionine in electrodeposition of CuCo hetero-nanostructures on an ITO electrode as a binder-free, highly stable, sensitive and disposable glucose-sensing electrode.
Tuning quantum interference through molecular junctions formed from cross-linked OPE-3 dimers
Authors: Alanazi Bashayr , Alajmi Asma , Aljobory Alaa , Lambert Colin , Ismael Ali
Published: April 2024

This study highlights a novel strategy for tuning the electrical conductance of single molecules by cross linking the molecules to form a dimer.
Ultrafast scintillation at room temperature achieved in CsPbCl3-based single crystals through Br over-doping
Authors: Zhang Yulin , Shen Meng , Cheng Bingliang , Ma Wenjuan , Huang Xiaole , Zhang Lei , Chai Zhifang , Lin Wenwen
Published: April 2024

The realization of sub-nanosecond scintillation in CsPbCl3-based single crystals by Br over-doping shows great potential for their application in ultrafast imaging.
Glucose-based highly-porous activated carbon nanospheres (g-ACNSs) for high capacity hydrogen storage
Authors: Tseng Fan-Gang , Bhalothia Dinesh , Lo Kuan-Hou , Syu Cheng-Huei , Chen Ying-Cheng , Sihag Amita , Wang Che-Wen , Chen Hsin-Yi Tiffany , Chen Tsan-Yao
Published: April 2024

The high density of sp2 defects and specific surface area result in an exceptional H2 storage capacity and stability of hollow carbon nanospheres.
CSL‐SFNet for Cooperative Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Satellite Network with GEO and LEO Satellites
Authors: Yang Kai , Hu Shengbo , Zhang Xin , Yan Tingting , Zhu Manqin
Published: April 2024

In a cognitive satellite network (CSN) with GEO and LEO satellites, there is a large propagation losses between the sensing satellite and the ground station. The results of spectrum sensing from a single satellite may be inaccurate, which will create serious interference in the primary satellite system. Cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) has become the key technology for solving the above problems in recent years. However, most of the current CSS techniques are model‐driven. They are difficult to model and implement in CSNs since their detection performance is strongly dependent on an assumed statistical model. Thus, we propose a novel CSS scheme, which uses convolutional neural networks (CNNs), self‐attention (SA) modules, long short‐term memory networks (LSTMs), and soft fusion networks, called CSL‐SFNet. This scheme combines the advantages of CNNs, SA modules, and LSTMs to extract the features of the input signals from the spatial and temporal domains. Additionally, the CSL‐SFNet makes use of a novel soft fusion technique that improves detection performance while also considerably reducing communication overhead. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can achieve a detection probability of 90% when the signal‐to‐noise ratio is −20 dB; it has a shorter running time and always outperforms the other CSS algorithms.
New quasars behind the Magellanic Clouds
Authors: Ivanov Valentin D. , Cioni Maria-Rosa L. , Dennefeld Michel , de Grijs Richard , Craig Jessica E. M. , van Loon Jacco Th. , Pennock Clara M. , Maitra Chandreyee , Haberl Frank
Published: April 2024

Context. Quasi-stellar objects (QSOs) are a basis for an absolute reference system for astrometric studies. A system like this at the far side of nearby galaxies is required to facilitate measuring of the proper motions of these galaxies. However, the foreground contamination from the galaxies themselves is a problem for the QSO identification.

Aims. We search for new QSOs behind the two Magellanic Clouds, the Magellanic Bridge, and the Magellanic Stream.

Methods. We identify QSO candidates with a combination of near–infrared colors and variability criteria from the public ESO Visual and Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy (VISTA) Magellanic Clouds (VMC) survey. We confirm their nature from broad emission lines with low-resolution optical spectroscopy.

Results. We confirmed the QSO nature of 136 objects. They are distributed as follows: 12 behind the Large Magellanic Cloud, 37 behind the Small Magellanic Cloud, 63 behind the Bridge, and 24 behind the Stream. The QSOs span a redshift range from z~0.1 to z~2.9. A comparison of our quasar selection with the Quaia quasar catalog, based on Gaia low-resolution spectra, yields a selection and confirmation success rate of 6–19%, depending on whether the quality of the photometry, the magnitude ranges, and the colors are considered. Our candidate list is rather incomplete, but the objects in it are likely to be confirmed as quasars with a probability of ~90%. Finally, we report a list of 3609 objects in the entire VMC survey that match our color and variability selection criteria; only 1249 of them have Gaia counterparts.

Conclusions. Our combined infrared color and variability criteria for the QSO selection prove to be efficient: ~90% of the observed candidates are bona fide QSOs and allow us to generate a list of new high-probability quasar candidates.
Multiline observations of hydrogen, helium, and carbon radio-recombination lines toward Orion A: A detailed dynamical study and direct determination of physical conditions
Authors: Pabst C. H. M. , Goicoechea J. R. , Cuadrado S. , Salas P. , Tielens A. G. G. M. , Marcelino N.
Published: April 2024

We present a study of hydrogen, helium, and carbon millimeter-wave radio-recombination lines (RRLs) toward 10 representative positions throughout the Orion Nebula complex, using the Yebes 40 m telescope in the Q band (31.3 GHz to 50.6 GHz) at an angular resolution of about 45″ (~0.09 pc). The observed positions include the Orion Nebula (M42) with the Orion Molecular Core 1, M43, and the Orion Molecular Core 3 bordering on NGC 1973, 1975, and 1977. While hydrogen and helium RRLs arise in the ionized gas surrounding the massive stars in the Orion Nebula complex, carbon RRLs stem from the neutral gas of the adjacent photo-dissociation regions (PDRs). The high velocity resolution (0.3 km s−1) enables us to discern the detailed dynamics of the RRL emitting neutral and ionized gas. We compare the carbon RRLs with SOFIA/upGREAT observations of the [C II] 158 µm line and IRAM 30 m observations of the 13CO (J = 2−1) line (the complete map is presented here for the first time). We observe small differences in peak velocities between the different tracers, which cannot always be attributed to geometry but potentially to shear motions. Using the far-infrared [C II] and [13C II] intensities with the carbon RRL intensities, we can infer physical conditions (electron temperature Te and electron density ne, converted to hydrogen nuclei density nH by dividing by the carbon gas-phase abundance 𝒜c ≃ 1.4 × 10−4) in the PDR gas using nonlocal thermal equilibrium excitation models. For positions in OMC1, we infer ne ≃ 20–40 cm−3 and Te ≃ 210–240 K. On the border between OMC1 and M43, we observe two gas components with ne ≃ 2 cm−3 and ne ≃ 8 cm−3, and Te ≃ 100 K and Te ≃ 150 K. In M43, we infer ne ≃ 2–3 cm−3 and Te ≃ 140 K. The Extended Orion Nebula southeast of OMC1 is characterized by ne ≃ 2 cm−3 and Te ≃ 180 K, while OMC3 has ne ≃ 1 cm−3 and Te ≃ 130 K. Our observations are sensitive enough to detect faint lines toward two positions in OMC1, in the BN/KL PDR and the PDR close to the Trapezium stars, that may be attributed to RRLs of C+ or O+. In general, the RRL line widths of both the ionized and neutral gas, as well as the [C II] and 13CO line widths, are broader than thermal, indicating significant turbulence in the interstellar medium, which transitions from super-Alfvénic and subsonic in the ionized gas to sub-Alfvénic and supersonic in the molecular gas. At the scales probed by our observations, the turbulent pressure dominates the pressure balance in the neutral and molecular gas, while in the ionized gas the turbulent pressure is much smaller than the thermal pressure.
The longevity of the oldest open clusters
Authors: Alvarez-Baena N. , Carrera R. , Thompson H. , Balaguer-Nuñez L. , Bragaglia A. , Jordi C. , Silva-Villa E. , Vallenari A.
Published: April 2024

Context.The dynamical evolution of open clusters is driven by stellar evolution, internal dynamics, and external forces, which according to dynamical simulations will lead to their evaporation over a timescale of about 1 Ga. However, about 10% of the known open clusters are older. These latter are special systems whose detailed properties are related to their dynamical evolution and the balance between mechanisms of cluster formation and dissolution.

Aims.We investigated the spatial distribution and structural parameters of six open clusters older than 1 Ga in order to constrain their dynamical evolution and longevity.

Methods.We identified members usingGaiaEDR3 data up to a distance of 150 pc from the centre of each cluster. We investigated the spatial distribution of stars inside each cluster to understand their degree of mass segregation. Finally, in order to interpret the obtained radial density profiles, we reproduced them using the lowered isothermal model explorer withPYthon(LIMEPY) and the spherical potential escapers stitched (SPES) models.

Results.All the studied clusters appear to be more extended than previously reported in the literature. The spatial distributions of three of them show some structures aligned with their orbits. These structures may be related to the existence of extra tidal stars. Moreover, we find that about 20% of their members have sufficient energy to leave the systems or are already unbound. Together with their initial masses, their distances to the Galactic plane may play significant roles in their survival. We find clear evidence that the most dynamically evolved clusters do not fill their Roche volumes, appearing more concentrated than the others. Finally, we find a cusp–core dichotomy in the central regions of the studied clusters, which shows some similarities to that observed among globular clusters.
From VIPERS to SDSS: Unveiling galaxy spectra evolution over 9 Gyr through unsupervised machine learning
Authors: Dubois J. , Siudek M. , Fraix-Burnet D. , Moultaka J.
Published: April 2024

Aims. This study aims to trace the chronological evolution of galaxy spectra over cosmic time. Focusing on the VIPERS dataset, we seek to understand the diverse population of galaxies within narrow redshift bins, comparing our findings with the previously mapped diversity of SDSS galaxies.

Methods. We used Fisher-EM, an unsupervised sub-space model-based classification algorithm to classify a dataset of 79 224 galaxy spectra from the VIMOS Public Extragalactic Redshift Survey (VIPERS). The dataset was divided into 26 samples by bins of redshift ranging from z ∼ 0.4 to z ∼ 1.2, which were classified independently. Classes of subsequent bins were linked through the k-nearest neighbours method to create a chronological tree of classes at different epochs.

Results. Based on the optical spectra, three main chronological galaxy branches emerged: (i) red passive, (ii) blue star forming, and (iii) very blue, possibly associated with AGN activity. Each of the branches differentiates into sub-branches, discriminating finer properties such as D4000 break, colour, star-formation rate, and stellar masses, and/or disappear with cosmic time. Notably, these classes align remarkably well with the branches identified in a previous SDSS analyses, indicating a robust and consistent classification across datasets. The chronological ‘tree’ constructed from VIPERS data provides valuable insights into the temporal evolution of these spectral classes.

Conclusions. The synergy between VIPERS and SDSS datasets enhances our understanding of the evolutionary pathways of galaxy spectra. The remarkable correspondence between independently derived branches in both datasets underscores the reliability of our unsupervised machine-learning approach. The three sub-trees show complex branching structures that highlight different physical and evolutionary behaviours. This study contributes to the broader comprehension of galaxy evolution by providing a chronologically organised framework for interpreting optical spectra within specific redshift ranges.
Constraining hot dark matter sub-species with weak lensing and the cosmic microwave background radiation
Authors: Hervas Peters Fabian , Schneider Aurel , Bucko Jozef , Giri Sambit K. , Parimbelli Gabriele
Published: April 2024

Although it is well known that the bulk of dark matter (DM) has to be cold, the existence of an additional sub-dominant, hot species remains a valid possibility. In this paper we investigate the potential of the cosmic shear power spectrum to constrain such a mixed (hot plus cold) DM scenario with two additional free parameters, the hot-to-total DM fraction (fhdm) and the thermal mass of the hot component (mhdm). Running a Bayesian inference analysis for both the Kilo-Degree Survey cosmic shear data (KiDS-1000) as well as the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature and polarisation data from Planck, we derive new constraints for the mixed DM scenario. We find a 95% confidence limit of fhdm < 0.08 for a very hot species of mhdm ≤ 20 eV. This constraint is weakened to fhdm < 0.25 for mhdm ≤ 80 eV. Scenarios with masses above mhdm ∼ 200 eV remain unconstrained by the data. Next to providing limits, we investigate the potential of mixed DM to address the clustering (or S8) tension between lensing and the CMB. We find a reduction of the 2D (Ωm − S8) tension from 2.9σ to 1.6σ when going from a pure cold DM to a mixed DM scenario. When computing the 1D Gaussian tension on S8 the improvement is milder, from 2.4σ to 2.0σ.
Minimalist model of the W50/SS433 extended X-ray jet: Anisotropic wind with recollimation shocks
Authors: Churazov E. M. , Khabibullin I. I. , Bykov A. M.
Published: April 2024

W50 is a radio nebula around the hyperaccreting Galactic microquasar SS433. We focus on one peculiar feature of W50, that is, on a pair of so-called extended X-ray jets (EXJs). These jets have a size of ∼20 pc and a sharp inner boundary, and their spectra are well represented by a featureless X-ray continuum. We argue that EXJs could be an outcome of a powerful anisotropic wind produced by a supercritical accretion disk. In the simplest version of this model, the wind itself consists of two components. The first component is a nearly isotropic outflow that subtends most of the solid angle as seen from the compact source and creates the quasi-spherical part of the W50 nebula. The second component is a more collimated wind that is aligned with the rotation axis of the binary system (polar wind). The isotropic outflow passes through the termination shock, and its increased thermal pressure creates a sequence of recollimation shocks in the polar wind, giving it the appearance of an extended X-ray structure. In this model, the EXJ continuum spectrum is due to synchrotron emission of electrons that are accelerated at the shocks that arise in the polar wind. At variance with many other studies, the EXJ structures in this model are not directly related to the highly collimated and precessing 0.26 c baryonic jets. Instead, the EXJ and the ears of W50 are produced by the part of the wind whose Eddington-level kinetic luminosity is confined to a half-opening angle of 5–10 degrees. This is not necessarily a recollimated version of the 0.26 c jets.
Statistical relations between spectropolarimetric observables and the polar strength of the stellar dipolar magnetic field
Authors: Kochukhov O.
Published: April 2024

Global magnetic fields of early-type stars are commonly characterised by the mean longitudinal magnetic field 〈Bz〉 and the mean field modulus 〈B〉, derived from the circular polarisation and intensity spectra, respectively. Observational studies often report a root mean square (rms) of 〈Bz〉 and an average value of 〈B〉. In this work, I used numerical simulations to establish statistical relationships between these cumulative magnetic observables and the polar strength, Bd, of a dipolar magnetic field. I show that in the limit of many measurements randomly distributed in rotational phase, 〈Bz〉rms = 0.179−0.043+0.031 Bd and 〈B〉avg = 0.691−0.023+0.020 Bd. The same values can be recovered with only three measurements, provided that the observations are distributed uniformly in the rotational phase. These conversion factors are suitable for ensemble analyses of large stellar samples, where each target is covered by a small number of magnetic measurements.
Detection of Na in the atmosphere of the hot Jupiter HAT-P-55b
Authors: Kang Huiyi , Chen Guo , Jiang Chengzi , Pallé Enric , Murgas Felipe , Parviainen Hannu , Ma Yuehua , Fukui Akihiko , Narita Norio
Published: April 2024

The spectral signatures of optical absorbers, when combined with those of infrared molecules, play a critical role in constraining the cloud properties of exoplanet atmospheres. We aim to use optical transmission spectroscopy to confirm the tentative color signature previously observed by multiband photometry in the atmosphere of hot Jupiter HAT-P-55b. We observed a transit of the HAT-P-55b with the OSIRIS spectrograph on the Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC). We created two sets of spectroscopic light curves, using the conventional band-integrated method and the newly proposed pixel-based method, to derive the transmission spectrum. We performed Bayesian spectral retrieval analyses on the transmission spectrum to interpret the observed atmospheric properties. The transmission spectra derived from the two methods are consistent, both spectrally resolving the tentative color signature observed by MuSCAT2. The retrievals on the combined OSIRIS and MuSCAT2 transmission spectrum yield a detection of Na at 5.5σ and a tentative detection of MgH at 3.4σ. The current optical-only wavelength coverage cannot constrain the absolute abundances of the atmospheric species. Space-based observations covering the molecular infrared bands or ground-based high-resolution spectroscopy are needed to further constrain the atmospheric properties of HAT-P-55b.
Past, present and future of the Enrico Fermi museum
Authors: Focaccia Miriam
Published: April 2024

The Enrico Fermi Museum is a journey in the life and scientific discoveries of Enrico Fermi, defined as ‘a giant’ of the physics of the 20th century. It is an emotional journey in which the visitors can immerse themself to discover and understand how the explorations of the matter were intertwined with the historical events of that period.
Seasonal changes in cell size of the dominant diatom species in Lake Biwa
Authors: Deb Soumya , Weilhoefer Christine L. , Fukushima Keitaro , Goda Yukiko , Akatsuka Tetsuji , Nakano Shin-ichi
Published: April 2024

We examined the seasonal changes in cell size and abundance of the dominant diatoms Aulacoseira ambigua f. japonica, Aulacoseira granulata, and Fragilaria crotonensis, together with environmental variables, in the northern basin of Lake Biwa. The cell size of the diatoms decreased gradually with the increase in cell abundance, indicating that the population underwent vegetative reproduction followed by sexual reproduction. The observation revealed two diatom blooms in a year. The autumn bloom from early October to late November was primarily dominated by A. granulata, A. ambigua f. japonica, and F. crotonensis. The minimum cell size of the diatoms recorded was 30, 20, and 75 μm, respectively. F. crotonensis caused another bloom from late March to early May; the minimum cell size recorded was 68 μm. These results suggested that F. crotonensis undergoes sexual reproduction twice a year, while the other two diatom species undergo sexual reproduction once a year. Correlation matrices and redundancy analysis were performed to explore the relationship of various environmental factors to cell size reduction and restoration of the seasonally dominant diatoms, and it is suggested that water temperature and/or concentration of dissolved inorganic nitrogen are critical environmental variables for seasonal changes in cell abundance and/or size of the dominant diatom species. Our results demonstrated that each diatom species had distinct favorable ecological conditions for staging its life cycle.
L’îlotage : ce qui se joue lorsqu’un réacteur est brutalement coupé du réseau
Authors: Olita Paolo
Published: April 2024

Fin 2023, la tempête Ciaran balaie violemment la France et rompt la ligne d’évacuation de la centrale de Flamanville, nécessitant l’îlotage des deux tranches alors en fonctionnement. Retour sur ce « transitoire » dont la maîtrise est essentielle à la sureté nucléaire.
Management von Verletzungen parenchymatöser Abdominalorgane
Authors: Schild-Suhren Stina , Yilmaz Elif , Biggemann Lorenz , Seif Ali , Torsello Giovanni Federico , Uhlig Annemarie , Ghadimi Michael , Bösch Florian
Published: April 2024

Die häufigsten betroffenen Organe abdomineller Traumata sind die Milz und die Leber, häufig auch in Kombination. Verletzungen des Pankreas sind vergleichsweise selten. Beim deutlich häufigeren stumpfen Abdominaltrauma sollte nach Einschätzung der Kreislaufsituation eine klinische und laborchemische Untersuchung sowie eine Sonografie durchgeführt werden. Sofern eine hämodynamische Instabilität und freie Flüssigkeit vorliegen, ergibt sich die Indikation zur notfallmäßigen Laparotomie. Bei stabiler bzw. stabilisierbarer Situation und auffälliger Sonografie sowie obligat beim polytraumatisierten Patienten ist die Durchführung einer triphasischen Kontrastmittel-Computertomografie unabdingbar. Bei Verdacht auf eine renale Verletzung sollte eine spätvenöse urografische Phase angeschlossen werden. Neben der dadurch möglichen Klassifizierung der Verletzung ist auf eine mögliche Gefäßbeteiligung oder akute Blutung zu achten. Sollte Letzteres vorliegen, ist eine Angiografie mit
Interventionsmöglichkeit anzustreben. Bei Verletzungen des Ductus pancreaticus ist eine endoskopische Behandlung möglich. Sollte sich in der Bildgebung kein Interventionsziel demaskieren und eine stabile Kreislaufsituation vorherrschen, ist ein rein konservatives Vorgehen unter kontinuierlicher Monitorüberwachung mittels klinischer, laborchemischer und sonografischer Kontrollen möglich. Die meisten Verletzungen können erfolgreich konservativ (nicht operatives Management [NOM]) behandelt werden.

Das operative Verfahren ergibt sich aus dem Verletzungsmuster und reicht von der lokalen Blutstillung bis zur Organresektion. Ebenso besteht die Option der „Damage Control Surgery“ mit akuter Blutungskontrolle und zweizeitiger Versorgung. Komplexe chirurgische Eingriffe sollten an Zentren durchgeführt werden. Postoperative Komplikationen ergeben sich analog der elektiven Chirurgie.

Beim selteneren penetrierenden Bauchtrauma kann das tatsächliche Verletzungsausmaß nicht durch die äußerlich sichtbare Wunde eingeschätzt werden. Auch hier ist primär die Kreislaufsituation entscheidend und bei Instabilität eine Notfalllaparotomie durchzuführen. Bei Stabilität sollte eine weitere Diagnostik mittels Kontrastmittel-Computertomografie erfolgen. Bei nicht klar auszuschließender Penetration des Peritoneums ist eine diagnostische Laparoskopie indiziert.
Diagnostic Value of Stimulated Urine Luteinizing Hormone After
Triptorelin Stimulation Test in Girls with Central Precocious
Puberty
Authors: Jia Ruofan , Xu Zhuangjian , Zhou Yuan , Zeng Beilei , Chen Chunmei , Huang Panwang , Ren Feng , Kong Fan-sheng , Ma Yaping
Published: April 2024

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of urine luteinizing hormone
(ULH) after the triptorelin stimulation test detected by immunochemiluminometric
assay (ICMA) in girls with central precocious puberty (CPP).

Methods The girls with precocious puberty were included. The triptorelin
stimulation test at 8:30 a.m. was performed. Two consecutive 12-hour urine
samples were collected after the test, defined as the first 12-hour and second
12-hour urine, respectively. ICMA measured ULH. Urine creatinine (Cr)
concentration was measured. CPP and peripheral precocious puberty (PPP) were
diagnosed by the same pediatric endocrinologist based on clinical symptoms,
signs, and progression of clinical development.

Results A total of 97 cases (CPP n=69; PPP n=28) were included, with 12
cases not meeting the receiver operating characteristic analysis criteria. The
first and second 12-hour ULH/Cr in the CPP group were higher than those in the
PPP group. When the first 12-hour ULH/Cr was≥287.252 IU/mol, the sensitivity and
specificity for diagnosing CPP were 87.3% and 90.9%, respectively. When the
second 12-hour ULH/Cr was≥152.769 IU/mol, the sensitivity and specificity for
diagnosing CPP were 92.1% and 90.9%, respectively. The area under the curve of
the first and second 12-hour ULH/Cr were 0.933 and 0.954, respectively.

Conclusion The ULH detection method after the triptorelin stimulation test
has clinical significance for diagnosing CPP in girls. When blood sampling
compliance in girls with precocious puberty is poor, the first 12-hour
ULH/Cr≥288 IU/mol (or second 12-hour≥153 IU/mol) after the triptorelin
stimulation test can serve as a laboratory indicator for diagnosis of CPP.
One-Pot Expeditious Synthesis of Pyrazoloindolones via Base-Promoted Electrocyclization, C–N Coupling and Intramolecular Oxidative Cyclization
Authors: Singh Maya Shankar , Basak Ashok Kumar , Korawat Harshita Singh , Saini Manoj Kumar , Prajapati Karmdeo
Published: April 2024

Pyrazoloindolones are synthesized from N-tosylhydrazones in a one-pot multistep process which include base-promoted (i) electrocyclization reaction of N-tosylhydrazones derived from α,β-unsaturated aldehydes, (ii) aromatic nucleophilic substitution, and (iii) a domino cyclization–oxidation process under aerobic conditions.
Outcomes in colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection for large protruded lesions: A retrospective multicenter study
Authors: Chiba Hideyuki , Ohata Ken , Hayashi Akimichi , Ebisawa Yu , Kobayashi Mikio , Arimoto Jun , Kuwabara Hiroki , Minato Yohei , Nakaoka Michiko
Published: April 2024

Background and study aims Colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is increasingly used for treating early-stage colorectal cancer, including large, protruded lesions (LPL). However, the challenges posed by LPLs, especially those accompanied by severe fibrosis or muscle-retracting sign (MRS), remain unclear. This study aims to investigate ESD outcomes for LPL, focusing on factors such as tumor size and, submucosal fibrosis.

Patients and methods In a multicenter retrospective study (June 2012 to May 2023), data from 526 patients with 542 LPL lesions (≥ 2 cm) were analyzed. Parameters included lesion size, procedure time, dissection speed, physician experience, submucosal fibrosis, and adverse events. The tunnel method, including the double tunnel method, was used for cases with severe fibrosis or MRS. Multivariate analysis assessed factors affecting procedure difficulty, particularly LPLs ≥ 4 cm.

Results The study revealed an impressive en bloc resection rate of 97.8% and a curative resection rate of 78.6% for LPLs. Notably, fibrosis and MRS were present in 25% and 18% of 4-cm LPLs, respectively, and their frequency tended to increase as the tumor diameter increased. One treatment strategy for LPLs was the tunneling method, which was used most frequently (41 cases, 7.6%). Factors affecting dissection speed included larger tumor size, submucosal fibrosis, MRS, and physician experience.

Conclusions Treating LPLs through colorectal ESD presents significant challenges, especially in patients with fibrosis and MRS. This study highlights the importance of recognizing these complexities, and that more reliable resection strategy must be established for accurate pathological evaluation