bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic Value of Autoantibodies in Lung Cancer: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Qin Jiangyue , Zeng Ni , Yang Ting , Wan Chun , Chen Lei , Shen Yongchun  , Wen Fuqiang
Published: December 2018

Background/Aims: Recently, many studies have demonstrated that various tumor-associated autoantibodies have been detected in early stages of lung cancer. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to comprehensively evaluate available evidence on the diagnostic value of autoantibodies against tumor-associated antigens in lung cancer. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and other databases through 23 March 2018. Study quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2. We used the bivariate mixed-effect models to calculate pooled values of sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratios, negative likelihood ratios, diagnostic odds ratios and associated 95% confidence intervals. Summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curves were used to summarize overall test performance. Deek’s funnel plot was used to detect publication bias. Results: Review of 468 candidate articles identified fifty-three articles with a total of 11,515 patients for qualitative review and meta-analysis. Pooled sensitivity, specificity and area under the SROC curve were as follows for tumor-associated autoantibodies against the following proteins: p53, 0.19, 0.98, 0.82; NY-ESO-1, 0.17, 0.98, 0.90; Survivin, 0.19, 0.99, 0.96; c-myc, 0.14, 0.98, 0.45; Cyclin B1, 0.18, 0.98, 0.91; GBU4-5, 0.07, 0.98, 0.91; CAGE, 0.14, 0.98, 0.90; p16, 0.08, 0.97, 0.91; SOX2, 0.14, 0.99, 0.93; and HuD, 0.17, 0.99, 0.82. Conclusion: Each tumor-associated autoantibody on its own showed excellent diagnostic specificity for lung cancer but inadequate sensitivity. Our results suggest that combinations or panels of tumor-associated autoantibodies may provide better sensitivity for diagnosing lung cancer, and the diagnostic accuracy of tumor-associated autoantibodies should be validated in more studies.
Predicting Patient Response to the Antiarrhythmic Mexiletine Based on Genetic Variation
Authors: Zhu Wandi , Mazzanti Andrea , Voelker Taylor L. , Hou Panpan , Moreno Jonathan D. , Angsutararux Paweorn , Naegle Kristen M. , Priori Silvia G. , Silva Jonathan R.
Published: December 2018

Rationale:

Mutations in the
SCN5A
gene, encoding the α subunit of the Nav1.5 channel, cause a life-threatening form of cardiac arrhythmia, long QT syndrome type 3 (LQT3). Mexiletine, which is structurally related to the Na
+
channel-blocking anesthetic lidocaine, is used to treat LQT3 patients. However, the patient response is variable, depending on the genetic mutation in
SCN5A
.

Objective:

The goal of this study is to understand the molecular basis of patients’ variable responses and build a predictive statistical model that can be used to personalize mexiletine treatment based on patient’s genetic variant.

Methods and Results:

We monitored the cardiac Na
+
channel voltage-sensing domain (VSD) conformational dynamics simultaneously with other gating properties for the LQT3 variants. To systematically identify the relationship between mexiletine block and channel biophysical properties, we used a system-based statistical modeling approach to connect the multivariate properties to patient phenotype. We found that mexiletine altered the conformation of the Domain III VSD, which is the same VSD that many tested LQT3 mutations affect. Analysis of 15 LQT3 variants showed a strong correlation between the activation of the Domain III-VSD and the strength of the inhibition of the channel by mexiletine. Based on this improved molecular-level understanding, we generated a systems-based model based on a dataset of 32 LQT3 patients, which then successfully predicted the response of 7 out of 8 patients to mexiletine in a blinded, retrospective trial.

Conclusions:

Our results imply that the modulated receptor theory of local anesthetic action, which confines local anesthetic binding effects to the channel pore, should be revised to include drug interaction with the Domain III-VSD. Using an algorithm that incorporates this mode of action, we can predict patient-specific responses to mexiletine, improving therapeutic decision making.
Intracranial Vessel Wall Lesions on 7T MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
Authors: Zwartbol Maarten H.T. , van der Kolk Anja G. , Ghaznawi Rashid , van der Graaf Yolanda , Hendrikse Jeroen , Geerlings Mirjam I. ,   on behalf of the SMART Study Group
Published: December 2018

Background and Purpose—

Intracranial vessel wall lesions are a novel imaging marker of intracranial atherosclerosis (ICAS), but data on their occurrence and risk factors are lacking. Our aim was to study the frequency, distribution, and risk factors of intracranial vessel wall lesions on 7T magnetic resonance imaging in patients with a history of vascular disease.

Methods—

Within the SMART-MR study (Second Manifestations of Arterial Disease-Magnetic Resonance), cross-sectional analyses were performed in 130 patients (68±9 years) with assessable 7T intracranial vessel wall–magnetic resonance imaging data. Associations between vascular risk factors and ICAS burden, defined as the total number of vessel wall lesions, were estimated using linear regression analyses with ICAS burden as the dependent variable, adjusted for age and sex.

Results—

Ninety-six percent of patients had ≥1 vessel wall lesion. The mean±SD (range) ICAS burden was 8.5±5.7 (0–32) lesions. Significant associations were found between ICAS burden and age (
b
=2.0 per +10 years; 95% CI, 0.81– 3.10), systolic blood pressure (
b
=0.9 per +10 mm Hg; 95% CI, 0.27–1.42), diabetes mellitus (
b
=3.2 for presence of diabetes mellitus; 95% CI, 0.79–5.72), hemoglobin A1c level (
b
=1.2 per +1%; 95% CI, 0.19–2.26), apoB (apolipoprotein-B) (
b
=4.7 per +1 g/L; 95% CI, 0.07–9.35), and hs-CRP (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein) level (
b
=2.7 for hs-CRP >3 mg/L; 95% CI, 0.22–5.11). No significant associations were found with sex, smoking, and other lipid-factors.

Conclusions—

Vessel wall lesions are a novel and direct magnetic resonance imaging marker of ICAS. In this cohort, 96% of patients had at least 1 lesion on 7T vessel wall–magnetic resonance imaging. More lesions were found with older age, higher systolic blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, and higher levels of hemoglobin A1c, apoB, and hs-CRP.
A new species of Casearia (Samydoideae, Salicaceae) from South Africa
Authors: VAN WYK ABRAHAM E. , BOON RICHARD G.C. , RETIEF ELIZABETH
Published: December 2018

Casearia austroafricana, a new species from South Africa, is described, illustrated, mapped, and compared with the two other currently accepted southern African members of the genus, namely C. gladiiformis and C. battiscombei. The new species belongs to Casearia sect. Casearia, and is confined to the provinces of KwaZulu-Natal and Eastern Cape. Known for over 100 years by botanists, material of this species has initially been assigned to C. junodii, but from about the 1960s to C. gladiiformis, for which the former is considered a synonym. Casearia austroafricana is readily distinguished by being a tall (up to ca. 30 m) subcanopy or canopy tree associated with temperate or subtropical forest, and in having twigs of young growth usually markedly zigzag, leaves of mature growth with blade relatively thin, principal lateral veins usually 8–10 pairs, margin distinctly serrate-crenate, flowers with the ovary glabrous, and capsules with relatively few seeds (3 or 4). A conservation assessment of “Least Concern” is recommended for this species based on IUCN Red List categories and criteria. Ecological associates are mentioned, including epiphytic ferns, orchids, birds attracted by the arillate seeds, and Lepidoptera (moths) for which it serves as host-plant.
Re-description and new combination of five New World species of Chrysotus Meigen, with comments on the Neotropical genus Lyroneurus Loew (Diptera: Dolichopodidae)
Authors: CAPELLARI RENATO SOARES , DE SOUZA AMORIM DALTON
Published: December 2018

Five New World species of Chrysotus Meigen are redescribed, four of them herein transferred from Diaphorus Meigen: C. angustifrons (Robinson), comb.nov., C. maculatus (Parent), comb.nov. (= D. maculipennis Robinson), C. robustus (Robinson), comb.nov., C. spectabilis (Loew) and C. wirthi (Robinson), comb.nov. The female of C. maculatus is described for the first time. Terminalia of both males and females are illustrated. The previous suggestion that C. angustifrons, C. robustus, C. wirthi, and C. spectabilis and the Neotropical genus Lyroneurus Loew are closely related based on wing venation similarities is analyzed and rejected.
Erratum: Reid, C.A.M. & Beatson, M. (2010) Revision of the Australo-Papuan genus Macrolema Baly (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Spilopyrinae), with description of a new genus. Zootaxa, 2486, 1-60.
Authors: REID C.A.M. , BEATSON M.
Published: December 2018

(Erratum)
Two new species of the genus Neophyllobius Berlese (Acari: Camerobiidae) from Iran
Authors: KHANJANI MOHAMMAD , FAYAZ BAHMAN ASALI , GHANBALANI GADIR NORI
Published: December 2018

Two new species of the genus Neophyllobius Berlese, 1886 viz. Neophyllobius zolfigolii sp. nov. collected from soil under a wild rose bush and Neophyllobius kamalii sp. nov. collected from pomegranate leaves infested by Cenopalpus irani Dosse (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) are described and illustrated from Iran. A key to the Iranian species is provided.
The hallodapine plant bug genus Acrorrhinium Noualhier, 1895 from China (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae)
Authors: ZHANG XU , LIU GUO-QING
Published: December 2018

Four species of Acrorrhinium Noualhier of China are recognized, of which two, Acrorrhinium amblyangulum and A. dolichantennatum, are described as new. A. inexpectatum (Josifov, 1978) is newly recorded from China. The digital habitus photographs, and illustrations of the lateral view of head and the male genitalia are given. A key for the identification of the Chinese species is provided. All type specimens are deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
Fairy shrimps from Asiatic Turkey: Redescription of Chirocephalus tauricus Pesta, 1921 and descriptions of Chirocephalus algidus sp. nov. and Chirocephalus brteki sp. nov. (Crustacea, Branchiopoda, Anostraca)
Authors: COTTARELLI VEZIO , AYGEN CEM , MURA GRAZIELLA
Published: December 2018

A detailed redescription of Chirocephalus tauricus Pesta, 1921 is provided, and two new fairy shrimp taxa belonging to the “diaphanus” and “bairdi” groups (Brtek, 1995), Chirocephalus algidus sp. nov. and C. brteki sp. nov., are described and discussed. The new species were collected in Turkey, respectively from Alagöl, a temporary pool close to the glacial Lake Karagöl on Mount Bolkar, Taurus, 3100 m a.s.l. (border of Nigde province), and from Lake Alan Gölü, 600 m a.s.l., a shallow lake on the border of Izmir province, close to the village of Bozalan. A number of morphological features (related to the first antenna, mandibles, first maxilla and some notopods) are also illustrated and discussed in relation to their taxonomic and phylogenetic importance.
Lost and found: Rediscovery of the genus Margaromantis Piza, 1982 and consequential nomenclatural changes in the genus Colombiella Koçak & Kemal, 2008 (Mantodea: Mantidae, Photinainae)
Authors: RIVERA JULIO
Published: December 2018

Rehn (1916) described Metriomantis planicephala Rehn, 1916 on the basis of one male and one female collected in Cearà Mirim, State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, by the Stanford Expedition to that country in 1911. The new species had several distinct autopomorphies, such as a stout, short, granulated pronotum and a characteristically shaped head, among other unique features. The species remained as a member of Metriomantis but generally was overlooked over the years, even being omitted from Terra’s checklist of Neotropical Mantodea (Terra 1995). Recently, Lombardo (1999) published an important contribution on Metriomantis, which helped to clarify the confusing taxonomic situation of this genus, considered until then as a subgenus of Photina Burmeister, 1838. In the same publication, Lombardo (1999) created a new genus, Rehniella, to accommodate the clearly misplaced M. planicephala. However, the name Rehniella was already in use as it was first created by Hebard (1928) to accommodate a new species of cricket (Rehniella glaphyra Hebard, 1928) from Costa Rica. This case of homonymy was recently detected almost simultaneously by Koçak & Kemal (2008) and Ozdikmen (2008), who independently solved this nomenclatural issue by proposing replacement names for Rehniella Lombardo, 1999: Colombiella, proposed by Koçak & Kemal (2008) and Lombardoa, proposed by Ozdikmen (2008). The name Colombiella was published in May, 2008, whereas Lombardoa was published in June of the same year. Because Colombiella had priority over Lombardoa, Koçak (2008) established the new synonymy.
Revalidation and revision of Ochralea Clark, 1865 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae) from the Oriental Region
Authors: HAZMI IZFA RIZA , WAGNER THOMAS
Published: December 2018

Ochralea was described by Clark in 1865 for a very large Oriental galerucine with elongate basal metatarsomeres. Subsequently, nigh more species were described in this genus. It was synonymised with Monolepta by Weise in the Catalogue to the Galerucinae in 1924, and accepted as such by most subsequent authors. Whilst revising the type species of Monolepta, M. bioculata (Fabricius, 1781), it became clear that Ochralea was a distinct genus. The revalidation and redescription of this genus, containing two valid species, is here proposed. Ochralea nigripes (Olivier, 1808) has one recognised junior synonym and Ochralea nigricornis Clark, 1865, and two new synonyms Ochralea pectoralis Harold, 1880 syn. nov. and Monolepta erythromelas Weise, 1922 syn. nov. This species is abundant and widely distributed in south-east Asia from Bengalia and Bangladesh to southern China, the Philippines and Sulawesi. Ochralea wangkliana (Mohamedsaid, 2005) comb. nov., is only known from a few specimens collected around Wang Kelian Perlis, Malaysia. Redescriptions of the genus and the two species are given, including illustrations of external and genital characters, and a distribution map.
On three species of the trapdoor spider Genus Cyclocosmia from China (Araneae, Halonoproctidae)
Authors: YU KUN , ZHANG ZHI-SHENG
Published: December 2018

Three trapdoor spiders of the genus Cyclocosmia are photographed, illustrated and described in this paper, including two new species, C. subricketti sp. nov. (male and female) and C. sublatusicosta sp. nov. (male only) from China. The male of C. latusicosta Zhu, Zhang & Zhang, 2006 is described for the first time.
Two new species of Atrichopogon Kieffer from Acre State, Brazil (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)
Authors: FELIPPE-BAUER MARIA LUIZA
Published: December 2018

Two new species of Atrichopogon, A. nukini and A. shawadaua, are described and illustrated based on male and female specimens from northern Brazil. The new species are compared to other ten species of Neotropical Atrichopogon which have distinctive pigmented wings, and a key to males of these species is provided.
Parameterization of the Bulk Liquid Fraction on Mixed-Phase Particles in the Predicted Particle Properties (P3) Scheme: Description and Idealized Simulations
Authors: Cholette Mélissa , Morrison Hugh , Milbrandt Jason A. , Thériault Julie M.
Published: December 2018

Bulk microphysics parameterizations that are used to represent clouds and precipitation usually allow only solid and liquid hydrometeors. Predicting the bulk liquid fraction on ice allows an explicit representation of mixed-phase particles and various precipitation types, such as wet snow and ice pellets. In this paper, an approach for the representation of the bulk liquid fraction into the predicted particle properties (P3) microphysics scheme is proposed and described. Solid-phase microphysical processes, such as melting and sublimation, have been modified to account for the liquid component. New processes, such as refreezing and condensation of the liquid portion of mixed-phase particles, have been added to the parameterization. Idealized simulations using a one-dimensional framework illustrate the overall behavior of the modified scheme. The proposed approach compares well to a Lagrangian benchmark model. Temperatures required for populations of ice crystals to melt completely also agree well with previous studies. The new processes of refreezing and condensation impact both the surface precipitation type and feedback between the temperature and the phase changes. Overall, prediction of the bulk liquid fraction allows an explicit description of new precipitation types, such as wet snow and ice pellets, and improves the representation of hydrometeor properties when the temperature is near 0°C.
Building core skills among adult survivors of human trafficking in a workplace setting in the Philippines
Authors: Gill Melinda , Cordisco Tsai Laura
Published: December 2018

This article presents the experiences of practitioners supporting survivors of human trafficking in developing core skills in a workplace setting in the Philippines. Safe and supportive workplace environments that use evidence-informed strategies to strengthen core skills can contribute to the healthy reintegration of human trafficking survivors.
“There Ain’t No Such Thing as a Free Lunch”: Consumers’ Reactions to Pseudo-Free Offers
Authors: Dallas Steven K. , Morwitz Vicki G.
Published: December 2018

The authors examine how consumers respond to pseudo-free offers—offers that are presented to consumers as free but that require consumers to make a nonmonetary payment (such as completing a survey or providing personal information) in order to receive the “free” good or service. Across six studies, the authors find that consumers are generally just as likely to accept pseudo-free offers (with nonmonetary costs) as comparable truly free offers (with no costs), as long as the costs of the pseudo-free offers are below some threshold. Additionally, they find that consumers are significantly more likely to accept pseudo-free offers (with nonmonetary costs) than comparable nonfree offers (with monetary costs). The authors provide evidence that consumers respond to pseudo-free offers in this way because, in general, consumers generate neutral or positive attributions for why firms make these offers, and these attributions, in turn, lead consumers to perceive the pseudo-free offers as fair. However, when contextual influences, characteristics of the pseudo-free offer, or individual dispositions increase the likelihood of negative attributions, consumers’ preference for pseudo-free offers is attenuated.
Debating Gun Control in Canada and the United States:Divergent Policy Frames and Political Cultures
Authors: Fleming Anthony , McLean Dylan S. , Tatalovich Raymond
Published: December 2018

The weakness of the antigun lobby in the United States is attributed to the “collective action problem” of trying to mobilize “free riders” behind a public purpose. But the Coalition for Gun Control emerged in Canada to successfully lobby for the Firearms Act of 1995. If the “collective action problem” is not limited to the United States, then are its effects “mediated” by political culture? To address this research question, we content analyze (1) media coverage, (2) party platforms, (3) presidential, and (4) ministerial rhetoric. Three frames represent “restrictive” gun policies that ban or regulate firearms, “punitive” gun policies that penalize the person for the unlawful use of firearms, or “lenient” gun policies that encourage gun ownership and gun rights. Marked differences in framing the gun debate help explain why an antigun coalition emerged in Canada but not the United States.
Elderly Patients with Advanced Head and Neck Carcinoma: Does Aggressive Treatment Result in Better Outcomes?
Authors: Jang Isabelle J. H. , Skanthakumar Thakshayeni , Tan Hiang Khoon , Tan Ngian Chye , Soo Khee Chee , Iyer N. Gopalakrishna
Published: December 2018

Objective

There are no well‐defined treatment recommendations for elderly patients with advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. This study aimed to investigate whether aggressive treatment among the elderly translated into better survival outcomes.

Study Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Setting

Single tertiary institution.

Subjects and Methods

Elderly patients (≥60 years) with advanced‐stage head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (stage III and IV) treated between January 1991 and May 2014 were reviewed. According to current National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines, they were classified to have received standard or substandard treatment. Overall survival (OS), locoregional recurrence‐free survival, and distant recurrence‐free survival were evaluated.

Results

A total of 355 patients were treated curatively: 194 with up‐front surgery and 161 with radiotherapy or concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Median OS was higher among patients who received standard treatment (42.0 vs 16.0 months, P <. 001). On multivariate analysis, standard treatment showed superior OS (P <. 001). Use of substandard treatment showed a hazard ratio of 2.09 (95% CI, 1.59‐2.74) for poorer OS.

Conclusion

Aggressive standard treatment protocols should be advocated for elderly patients, where comorbidities permit, as they confer better outcomes.
The Bully’s Face: Using Art to Understand Bullying in Gifted Children
Authors: Groman Jennifer L.
Published: December 2018

This article discusses bullying among the author’s gifted sixth graders within their general education classes, in situations where the gifted were both victim and bully. There are few studies of the gifted child as bully. Using depth psychology, visual arts, and writing, the students constructed the bully and victim using torn paper and writing from both the perspective of the bully and victim. The author and her students charted the three stages of stress and specific ways to avoid or ameliorate these situations. The author contends that using creative art and depth psychology principles and respecting the unique psychology of the gifted student were pivotal in understanding this situation and determining helpful solutions. These include getting plenty of sleep, writing in a journal or diary, doing something physical such as dancing or sports, or talking to a friend.
Correlations among lighting quality metrics for interior lighting
Authors: Bodrogi P , Vinh QT , Khanh TQ
Published: December 2018

Correlations between selected lighting quality metrics derived from the spectrum were computed and interpreted for a representative set of interior light source spectra. Metrics of brightness and the melanopic effect were strongly correlated with each other but not with the metrics of colour quality. Results can be used to establish a two-dimensional diagram with criterion values to ensure the general user acceptance of a lighting system. This diagram can be extended in the future by further metrics describing light intensity and spatial and temporal light distributions. Relationships between lighting quality metrics and colorimetric quantities as well as photoreceptor signal values are also shown.
Safety and efficacy of combined ruxolitinib and decitabine in accelerated and blast-phase myeloproliferative neoplasms
Authors: Rampal Raajit K. , Mascarenhas John O. , Kosiorek Heidi E. , Price Leah , Berenzon Dmitriy , Hexner Elizabeth , Abboud Camille N. , Kremyanskaya Marina , Weinberg Rona Singer , Salama Mohamed E. , Menghrajani Kamal , Najfeld Vesna , Sandy Lonette , Heaney Mark L. , Levine Ross L. , Mesa Ruben A. , Dueck Amylou C. , Goldberg Judith D. , Hoffman Ronald
Published: December 2018

Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), including polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, and primary myelofibrosis, have a propensity to evolve into accelerated and blast-phase disease (MPN-AP/BP), carrying a dismal prognosis. Conventional antileukemia therapy has limited efficacy in this setting. Thus, MPN-AP/BP is an urgent unmet clinical need. Modest responses to hypomethylating agents and single-agent ruxolitinib have been reported. More recently, combination of ruxolitinib and decitabine has demonstrated synergistic in vitro activity in human and murine systems. These observations led us to conduct a phase 1 study to explore the safety of combined decitabine and dose-escalated ruxolitinib in patients with MPN-AP/BP. A total of 21 patients were accrued to this multicenter study. Ruxolitinib was administered at doses of 10, 15, 25, or 50 mg twice daily in combination with decitabine (20 mg/m2 per day for 5 days) in 28-day cycles. The maximum tolerated dose was not reached. The most common reasons for study discontinuation were toxicity/adverse events (37%) and disease progression (21%). Fourteen patients died during study treatment period or follow-up. The median overall survival for patients on study was 7.9 months (95% confidence interval, 4.1-not reached). Among evaluable patients, the overall response rate by protocol-defined criteria (complete remission with incomplete count recovery + partial remission) was 9/17 (53%) and by intention-to-treat analysis was 9/21 (42.9%). The combination of decitabine and ruxolitinib was generally well tolerated by patients with MPN-AP/BP and demonstrates potentially promising clinical activity. A phase 2 trial evaluating the efficacy of this combination regimen is ongoing within the Myeloproliferative Disorder Research Consortium.
Advanced forms of MPNs are accompanied by chromosomal abnormalities that lead to dysregulation of TP53
Authors: Marcellino Bridget K. , Hoffman Ronald , Tripodi Joseph , Lu Min , Kosiorek Heidi , Mascarenhas John , Rampal Raajit K. , Dueck Amylou , Najfeld Vesna
Published: December 2018

The Philadelphia chromosome–negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), including polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), and the prefibrotic form of primary myelofibrosis (PMF), frequently progress to more overt forms of MF and a type of acute leukemia termed MPN-accelerated phase/blast phase (MPN-AP/BP). Recent evidence indicates that dysregulation of the tumor suppressor tumor protein p53 (TP53) commonly occurs in the MPNs. The proteins MDM2 and MDM4 alter the cellular levels of TP53. We investigated in 1,294 patients whether abnormalities involving chromosomes 1 and 12, which harbor the genes for MDM4 and MDM2, respectively, and chromosome 17, where the gene for TP53 is located, are associated with MPN disease progression. Gain of 1q occurred not only in individuals with MPN-BP but also in patients with PV and ET, who, with further follow-up, eventually evolve to either MF and/or MPN-BP. These gains of 1q were most prevalent in patients with a history of PV and those who possessed the JAK2V617F driver mutation. The gains of 1q were accompanied by increased transcript levels of MDM4. In contrast, 12q chromosomal abnormalities were exclusively detected in patients who presented with MF or MPN-BP, but were not accompanied by further increases in MDM2/MDM4 transcript levels. Furthermore, all patients with a loss of 17p13, which leads to a deletion of TP53, had either MF or MPN-AP/BP. These findings suggest that gain of 1q, as well as deletions of 17p, are associated with perturbations of the TP53 pathway, which contribute to MPN disease progression.
Atypical pathogens in hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia: a worldwide perspective
Authors:   on behalf of the GLIMP Study Group, Gramegna Andrea , Sotgiu Giovanni , Di Pasquale Marta , Radovanovic Dejan , Terraneo Silvia , Reyes Luis F. , Vendrell Ester , Neves Joao , Menzella Francesco , Blasi Francesco , Aliberti Stefano , Restrepo Marcos I.
Published: December 2018

Background

Empirical antibiotic coverage for atypical pathogens in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) has long been debated, mainly because of a lack of epidemiological data. We aimed to assess both testing for atypical pathogens and their prevalence in hospitalized patients with CAP worldwide, especially in relation with disease severity.

Methods

A secondary analysis of the GLIMP database, an international, multicentre, point-prevalence study of adult patients admitted for CAP in 222 hospitals across 6 continents in 2015, was performed. The study evaluated frequency of testing for atypical pathogens, including L. pneumophila, M. pneumoniae, C. pneumoniae, and their prevalence. Risk factors for testing and prevalence for atypical pathogens were assessed through univariate analysis.

Results

Among 3702 CAP patients 1250 (33.8%) underwent at least one test for atypical pathogens. Testing varies greatly among countries and its frequency was higher in Europe than elsewhere (46.0% vs. 12.7%, respectively, p < 0.0001). Detection of L. pneumophila urinary antigen was the most common test performed worldwide (32.0%). Patients with severe CAP were less likely to be tested for both atypical pathogens considered together (30.5% vs. 35.0%, p = 0.009) and specifically for legionellosis (28.3% vs. 33.5%, p = 0.003) than the rest of the population. Similarly, L. pneumophila testing was lower in ICU patients. At least one atypical pathogen was isolated in 62 patients (4.7%), including M. pneumoniae (26/251 patients, 10.3%), L. pneumophila (30/1186 patients, 2.5%), and C. pneumoniae (8/228 patients, 3.5%). Patients with CAP due to atypical pathogens were significantly younger, showed less cardiovascular, renal, and metabolic comorbidities in comparison to adult patients hospitalized due to non-atypical pathogen CAP.

Conclusions

Testing for atypical pathogens in patients admitted for CAP in poorly standardized in real life and does not mirror atypical prevalence in different settings. Further evidence on the impact of atypical pathogens, expecially in the low-income countries, is needed to guidelines implementation.
Synchrotron tts-µXRD identification of secondary phases in ancient ceramics
Authors: Maritan Lara , Casas Lluís , Crespi Anna , Gravagna Elisa , Rius Jordi , Vallcorba Oriol , Usai Donatella
Published: December 2018

The study of the alteration process, and in particular of secondary phases precipitated in pottery after its production, can constrain the post-depositional environments or the type of use of the pottery. Detailed study of secondary phases can be done using different approaches, based on microscopic, microstructural and microchemical analyses, as well as mineralogical methods. In the present study are reported the results of the application of punctual mineralogical analysis by synchrotron through-the-substrate microdiffraction (tts-μXRD) to analyse secondary phases precipitated in ancient pottery (Bronze Age pottery form Frattesina in Italy and Mesolithic pottery form Al Khiday in Sudan). Although the chemical composition of these secondary phases in many cases almost matches with the stoichiometric composition of a known mineral, only some of them were actually true mineral phases (i.e. with crystallinity and therefore showing diffraction peaks), while others were amorphous. Some phases, the occurrence of which was previously attested only on the basis of their chemical composition (determined by scanning electron microscope or the electron microprobe analysis), were univocally identified as true vivianite (Fe3(PO4)2·8H2O) and crandallite (CaAl3(PO4)2(OH)5·H2O) minerals. Part of the phases detected in studied pottery, the chemical composition of which was consistent with specific mineral phases, were instead amorphous. The synchrotron through-the-substrate microdiffraction (tts-μXRD), therefore, represents a valid method for properly determine the mineralogical nature of secondary phases in pottery, as well as other small-sized and rare mineral phases occurring in polycrystalline materials of archaeological interest, such as pottery, mortars, painting and glassy materials.
Human acellular amniotic membrane implantation for lower third nasal reconstruction: a promising therapy to promote wound healing
Authors: Xue Si-Liang , Liu Kai , Parolini Ornella , Wang Yue , Deng Li , Huang Yong-Can
Published: December 2018

Background

The lower third of the nose is one of the most important cosmetic units of the face, and its reconstructive techniques remain a big challenge. As an alternative approach to repair or regenerate the nasal tissue, the biomaterial-based strategy has been extensively investigated. The aim of this study is to determine the safety and efficacy of human acellular amniotic membrane (HAAM) to repair the full-thickness defects in the lower third of the nose in humans.

Methods

In this study, 180 patients who underwent excision of skin lesions of the lower third of the nose from 2012 to 2016 were included; of the patients, 92 received HAAM and Vaseline gauze treatments, and the other 88 patients received Vaseline gauze treatment only. The haemostasis time and the duration of operation were recorded during surgery; after surgery, the time to pain disappearance, scab formation and wound healing, and the wound healing rate were measured.

Results

Immediately after the HAAM implantation, a reduction of the haemostasis time and an accelerated disappearance of pain were observed. Compared with the control group, the formation and detachment of scab in patients who received the HAAM implantation were notably accelerated, postoperatively. When the diameter of the lesion exceeded 5 mm, the HAAM implantation was found to enhance the wound healing, although this enhancement was not seen when the diameter was less than 5 mm. Additionally, the HAAM implantation significantly reduced bleeding, wound infection and scar formation, postoperatively.

Conclusions

HAAM-assisted healing is a promising therapy for lower third nasal reconstruction leading to rapid wound healing and fewer complications and thus has considerable potential for extensive clinical application in repairing skin wounds.

Trial registration

ChiCTR1800017618, retrospectively registered on July 08, 2018.
Inconstitucionalidade da união poliafetiva
Authors: Noronha Conselheiro João Otávio de
Published: December 2018

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Relationship between winter orographic precipitation with synoptic and large-scale atmospheric circulation: The case of mount Olympus, Greece
Authors: Styllas Michael Nikolaos , Kaskaoutis Dimitrios
Published: December 2018

The relationship between the winter (DJFM) precipitation and the atmospheric circulation patterns is examined around Mount Olympus, Greece in order to assess the effects of orography and atmospheric dynamics over a small (less than 100 x 100 km) spatial domain. Winter accumulated rainfall datasets from 8 stations spread along the eastern (marine) and western (continental) sides of the Mount Olympus at elevations between 30 m and 1150 m are used during the period 1981 to 2000. Synoptic scale conditions of mean sea-level pressure and geopotential heights at 850 hPa and 500 hPa, were used to explain the multiyear rainfall variability. High pressure systems dominated over the central Mediterranean and most parts of central Europe during the late 1980’s and early 1990’s, are associated with minimum winter rainfall along both sides of Mount Olympus. The winter of 1996 was associated with peak in rainfall along the marine side of the mountain and was characterized by enhancement of upper level trough over the western Mediterranean and increased low tropospheric depressions over the southern Adriatic and the Ionian Seas. This atmospheric circulation pattern facilitated a southeasterly air flow that affected more (less) the marine (continental) sides of the mountain. In contrast, dominance of low pressure systems with cores over the Gulf of Genoa and the Central Mediterranean affect the study area mostly from west/southwest revealing higher correlations with the precipitation in the continental side of the mountain (r= -0.80; Elassona station) and considerably lower correlations with the marine side (r = -0.67; Katerini station). This highlights the orographic barrier of the Mount Olympus revealing large differences between the upward and leeward sides. Large scale atmospheric patterns like the North Atlantic Oscillation and the Arctic Oscillation seem to influence the winter rainfall in the lowlands along the continental side of the mountain.
Utilization of natural and synthetic zeolitic materials as soil amendments in abandoned mine sites
Authors: Giannatou Spyridoula , Vasilatos Charalampos , Mitsis Ioannis , Koukouzas Nikolaos
Published: December 2018

The aim of this paper is to evaluate the effects of natural and synthetic zeolitic materials as soil amendments in contaminated soils. Two species of natural zeolites, clinoptilolite and mordenite, sampled from Samos Island, Greece, were used as low-cost modifiers (amendments). Both of these materials show perfect XRD-patterns. Moreover, coal fly ash (CFA) derived from the electrostatic precipitators of the Meliti power plant (Florina, Greece) converted via an alkaline hydrothermal treatment with 1M NaOH was used to produce a synthetic zeolitic material. The mineralogical composition of natural and synthetic zeolites was tested and identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The amendments and original contaminated soils from a former mining area of Lavrion, were mixed and equilibrated for 1 week, hydrated up to 40% of their water holding capacity. After the equilibration, the growth of Trifolium alexandrinum both in amended and original soils was studied in a pot experiment. The increase in pH value of treated soil by the tested amendments, confirmed the buffering effect and suggested the opportunity of using zeolitic materials for conditioning and remedying contaminated acidic soils from sulphidic mining areas. Moreover, the amended soils exhibited higher CEC values compared with unamended soil. Results showed that the synthetic zeolite produced by Meliti’s power station fly ash, was the most effective for plant growth, among the tested amendments. Between natural zeolitic materials from Samos Island, the most efficient was the clinoptilolite rich, probably because of its better water holding capacity compared with mordenite.
Submerged antiquities on Paros and Naxos islands, Aegean Sea, Greece. New evidence for the mean sea level during the late Bronze Age and the Roman period
Authors: Evelpidou Niki , Tziligkaki Eleni , Karkani Anna
Published: December 2018

Sea level changes are the combined effect of eustatic, glacio-isostatic and tectonic factors. Oxygen isotope data and geophysical models are often used to assess the first two factors, while the third factor can be assessed by field data. In this context, detailed mapping of palaeo sea-level markers may be used to evaluate coastal tectonic movements and the relative sea level changes in a particular region. Although various sea level markers exist, e.g. geomorphological, biological, archaeological, their reliability varies depending on their relationship to sea level. Amongst geomorphological indicators, tidal notches stand out as they can indicate former sea-level positions, with up to a decimeter confidence, while their shape may also provide qualitative information on the rate of sea-level change and on tectonic movements. Biological markers may also provide useful information provided that their relationship to mean sea level is clearly defined. Last but not least, archaeological remains, emerged or submerged, may also be used to quantify relative sea level changes; however, their reliability varies depending on the functionality of the structure.In this framework, the aim of this paper is the study of sea level changes in the Central Aegean Sea (Paros and Naxos islands) through the use of various sea level indicators. Submerged beachrocks and tidal notches bear witness to the extent and depth of ancient shores. The submerged antiquities of Paros include cemeteries of various time periods and harbour installations, while the Baccini antiquities in Naxos include quarries and coastal settlements. Archaeological data in Grotta and Aplomata (Naxos), give evidence of at least two seismic events, coinciding with the profiles of two submerged tidal notches found at a depth of –3 m and –2.5 m respectively. The tsunami that covered the northern part of the Hellenistic Agora of Naxos in the 2nd c. AD is additionally confirmed by a submerged tidal notch at a depth of –1.70 m and dated by shells of Cerastoderma.
Multiple readings of the mining landscape in Lavreotiki (SE Attica, Greece)
Authors: Kayafa Maria
Published: December 2018

From the widespread mineral exploitation of the past to the protected territory of the Sounion National Park in the present, the region of Lavreotiki has diachronically been at the centre of human activities and experiences. Nowadays, the landscape of the region, as defined by hills, valleys and the coastline at the SE of Attica, includes a variety of land uses, such as settlements (with prevailing traditional or contemporary styles), isolated properties (legal or illegal, inland or by the coast), agricultural lands (mainly vineyards and olive groves), uninhabited areas, roads, pathways and other transport routes, industrial units, tourist complexes, geological formations, archaeological and historical sites and landmarks, protected forest and shrub areas. However, the connecting element between them all has always been the large multi-metallic ore deposits found underground - their exploitation has shaped the landscape diachronically in a multitude of ways. This paper aims to explore the multiple facets of the landscape, interpret its characteristics as part of the diachronic heritage of the region and discuss its potential as an ‘off the beaten track’ place to visit.
Institutionalization of Accounting: Factors of Internalism
Authors: Миславская Н. , Mislavskaya N.
Published: December 2018

Th e article attempts to critically evaluate the internal logic of self-development of accounting knowledge, against the background of the problems of upholding one’s own scientifi c status and the right to exist. Th e conclusion about the need to provide a certain degree of freedom on the part of state authorized bodies, when conducting research, is justified by the sociology of science.
Assessing the Financial Sustainability of Corporations: a Practical Aspect
Authors: Старкова М. , Starkova M. , Суркова Е. , Surkova E. , Лошакова А. , Loshakova A.
Published: December 2018

The detailed analysis of the existing models of fi nancial stability for the space-air sector purposes is a subject of this article. Advantages and shortcomings of the existing models of fi nancial stability evaluation are revealed. The analytical conclusions have been drawn.
Threats and Risks of Depreciation of the Industrial Enterprises and Mechanisms of Their Overcoming in Modern Conditions
Authors: Маевская Елена , Maevskaya Elena
Published: December 2018

In article the main threats and risks of activity of the industrial enterprises which create a negative environment of managing and reduce their cost are considered. Stages of management, calculation of levels and minimization of enterprise risks of the industrial enterprises for the purpose of increase in effi ciency of the activity promoting growth of their cost are presented in article.
Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation: implementation of human rights function
Authors: Карасев Роман , Karasev Roman
Published: December 2018

This study is devoted to one of the most important functions of the constitutional court of the Russian Federation — human rights. The author considers the activity of the domestic body of judicial constitutional control through the prism of interaction with other courts in the sphere of protection of human and civil rights and freedoms. Particular attention is paid to the definition of criteria for the effectiveness of the human rights function of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation and the improvement of mechanisms for the execution of decisions of the constitutional Court.
The monograph is addressed to students, trainees, cadets, postgraduates and teachers of law schools, as well as to all who are interested in the constitutional judicial process and the protection of human and civil rights and freedoms.
Substance abuse: Supporting young people to quit
Authors: Thornton Stephanie
Published: December 2018

Substance abuse can affect young people's social and academic life. Stephanie Thornton looks at the incidence of susbtance abuse and the recovery process.
Early language development must be a public health priority
Authors: Law James , Levickis Penny
Published: December 2018

Around 8% of children at school entry are thought to be affected by developmental language disorder. This article explains why a public health approach across agencies is needed to give children the best possible start in life and reduce inequalities
A simulation-based learning event to support the education of specialist community public health nurses
Authors: Hatt Jane
Published: December 2018

Health visitors work with families to promote the good health and development of children under 5 years of age. They enjoy unusual access to the home environment and have a key role in supporting vulnerable families on their caseloads, where issues such as domestic abuse, substance misuse and mental ill health can lead carers to, intentionally or unintentionally, harm or neglect their children. Research suggests that health visitors need to be better prepared with skills to ‘read’ and respond to the complex emotional dynamics within families. By introducing a simulation-based learning event using trained actors as simulated clients, student health visitors are offered the opportunity to rehearse working with a complex family in an immersive home environment. Student evaluation suggests the simulated event is a valuable learning experience.
An Approximative and Semi-automated Method to Create MPEG-4 Compliant Human Face Models
Authors: Tóth Ákos , Kunkli Roland
Published: December 2018

In this paper, we introduce our method to facilitate the process of creating an MPEG-4 compliant face model based on a simple 3D mesh. The presented method is semi-automatic, and the user needs to choose only a few points on the model as a preprocessing step. We use a cage based deformation technique to approximate an input model with a generic one which already contains the required MPEG-4 parameters. In the paper, we also show how the cage can be constructed to surround the model completely and be close enough to the head to get better deformation results. After these steps, the resulting model can be used in any MPEG-4 based facial animation player.