bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Case Report of Lennoxgastaut Syndrome and An Overview of its Non-Pharmacological Treatments
Authors: Kumar Adusumilli Pramod , Sowmya Samanthula Bala , Boopathi Dharini , Mani Deepalakshmi
Published: November 2023

Lennox gastaut syndrome (LGS) is a childhood onset severe epileptic encephalopathy with multiple seizures types usually refractory to pharmacological management. Despite the availability of various anti-epileptic drugs, children with LGS continue to have seizures. LGS refractory to pharmacological treatment leads to poor prognoses like severe intellectual disability and persisting seizures. Dietary treatment along with anti – epileptics can result in less patient exposure to drugs. In this report, we present a case of 11 years old child of LGS with worsening of intellectual disability. Adapting non pharmacological treatment can reduce the patient exposure to drugs and seizure control. Surgical options are recommended when patient doesn’t respond to anti – epileptic drugs. Corpus callosotomy and vagus nerve stimulation are most recent advances in surgical treatment of LGS. Although more data are needed to confirm efficacy of non pharmacological options, in many cases they resulted in complete reduction of seizure.
A Validated Stability Indicating HPTLC Method for Bilastine and Montelukast in Pharmaceutical Dosage Form
Authors: Nileshkumar Balar Yesha , R Dedania Zarna , R Dedania Ronak
Published: November 2023

An accurate and precise and robust method has been described for Stability Indicating HPTLC method for development and validation for Bilastine and Montelukast in pharmaceutical dosage form. The separation carried out on silica gel 60F254 by using mobile phase of Toluene: Methanol 6.5:3.5 v/v. Linear regression shows a good in the range of 200-1200ng/spot and 100-600ng/spot for Bilastine and Montelukast with regression line equation y = 8.4512 X + 129.3 with r2 > 0.9985 and y = 5.6208 X + 2179.9 with r2 > 0.993. The 243nm was selected as detection wavelength. The Rf value was found to be 0.31±0.01 and 0.61±0.01 for Bilastine and Montelukast respectively. The Intraday precision was found to be 0.79–0.95% for Bilastine and 0.26–0.91% for Montelukast. The Interday precision was found to be 0.78–1.21% for Bilastine and 0.24–0.72% for Montelukast. Accuracy was performed by recovery study. The % recovery was found to be 99.49 to 101.78% for Bilastine and 98.6 to 101.76% for Montelukast. The LOD was found to be 26.26ng/spot for Bilastine and 33.34ng/spot for Montelukast. The LOQ was 79.60ng/spot for Bilastine and 99.64ng/spot for Montelukast. The Assay of Bilastine and Montelukast amount found to be 100.14% and 99.10% respectively. Forced Degradation studies were carried out at various conditions. In Acidic condition the % degradation of Bilastine and Montelukast was found to be 5.84% and 16.72% respectively. In Alkaline and Oxidative condition, the %degradation of Bilastine and Montelukast was found to be 26.95% and 17.61%. and 32.22% and 9.25% respectively. In Photolytic condition the %degradation was found to be 14.94% and 15.65% respectively for Bilastine and Montelukast. In Thermal condition the %degradation was found to be 17.54% and 14.65% respectively for Bilastine and Montelukast.
Mechanistic Studies of Dinoxin B withanolide, A Herbal Antibiotic from Datura inoxia against Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Tandon Chandni , George Ruby , Bajpai Preeti , Mathur Priti
Published: November 2023

In view of urgent need for effective herbal antibiotics, we have isolated, characterized, an effective antibacterial compound Dinoxin B withanolide from leaves of Datura inoxia to investigate its antibacterial potential against Staphylococcus aureus. The bactericidal efficacy of Dinoxin B withanolide was assessed on Staphylococcus aureus, using transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Its effect on DNA and protein was analyzed by the electrophoresis technique. In vitro and in vivo studies were performed to evaluate the cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory nature of the compound. Electron microscopic study showed that Dinoxin B withanolide damaged bacterial cell wall and membrane. It also causes degradation to DNA and protein, resulting in bacterial death. This compound was found to be non-toxic even at higher concentrations. Treatment of Balb/c mice revealed the significant suppression of T cells by the Dinoxin B withanolide. In vivo and in vitro, studies confirm that Dinoxin B withanolide could be used as herbal antibiotics with bactericidal, anti-inflammatory, low toxicity and good shelf life.
Advanced up and down methodology for acute toxicity assessment with reliable LD50 verified by aqueous extract of curly kale using wistar rats
Authors: BR Seema , Y Jyothi. , N Bhovi Chetankumar , Aradhya M V Vivek , Lekhak Mukesh , R Mane Shweta
Published: November 2023

Curly kale is reported to contain powerful antioxidants like quercetin and kaempferol, and glucosinolates which is used to treat different diseases. Despite its favorable usage, there have been no investigations on its toxicity potential. According to OECD TG No.425, the study was aimed to investigate the acute toxic outcome of an aqueous extract of curly kale. Female wistar albino rats were randomly split into 2 groups (no=5). 1st group was used as the control group, while the 2nd group was used as the treated group and administered 2000mg/kg body weightof curly kale orally. Following that 2 groups were monitored for fourteen days. Then the blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture, and handover to haematological and biochemical analyses. The animal vital organs were stored for histopathological examination. The data disclose that the extract’s LD50 was more than 2000mg/Kg b.w. Body weight and organ to body mass ratio did not change significantly. Against the control group. But alkaline phosphates, total bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase (ALT), Total protein, globulin, blood urea, cholesterol, and triglycerides, all increased dramatically, while total blood count, packed cell volume (PVC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), corpuscular volume haemoglobin (MCH), and red blood cells (RBC) count all decreased significantly. Although the LD50 was larger than 2000 mg/kg body weight, mild toxicity indications developed in the liver, spleen, lipid profile, and complete blood count (CBC) also revealed blood dyscrasias at the maximum dose, according to the findings obtained in this investigation.
Biological Efficacy of Desmostachya bipinnata Grass against Allergy and Hypersensitivity using different Experimental Models
Authors: Gupta Harish , Kumar Gautam Girendra
Published: November 2023

The objective of the study is to evaluate antiallergic and antihypertensive activities of ethanolic extract of Desmostachya bipinnata. Oral administration of 250 and 500mg/kg of D. bipinnata extract was used to study the effects of the test drug on animal models of allergic reactions, including milk-induced eosinophilia and leukocytosis, compound 48/80-induced mast cell degranulation, and active and passive anaphylaxis. Additionally, the effects of D. bipinnata extract on sensitised guinea pig ilea (ex-vivo) and tracheal chain preparations were tested and evaluated (in-vitro). Results showed that compound 48/80 in the mesenteric area reduced mast cell degranulation and allergic reactions significantly after treatment with D. bipinnata extract at 500mg/kg dose. Further, studies shown that D. bipinnata can prevent the contractions generated by acetylcholine, histamine, and antigen in the ileum of sensitive Guinea pigs. Results showed that test drug can also neutralise free radicals (in vitro). Anti-allergic and anti-anaphylactic effects of D. bipinnata extract may be due to the presence of phytoconstituents on mast cell membranes.
A Stability Indicating Assay Method for the Simultaneous Estimation of Doxylamine Succinate and Pyridoxine Hydrochloride in Bulk and Combined Dosage Form
Authors: Roy Dipon , Chandra Priyanka , Ghosh Manik , Mondal Arup , Dagur Pankaj , A. Patel Mayur , Mandal Sanjit , Jash Rajiv , Khatun Robina , Dey Suddhasattya
Published: November 2023

A simple, rapid, sensitive and new RP-HPLC method was developed and validated concerning ICH guidelines for simultaneous assessment of doxylamine succinate (DOXY) and pyridoxine hydrochloride (PYRI) in bulk and combined dosage form. Isolation was performed on C18 column, using phosphate buffer (pH 4.0) and acetonitrile (70:30) as mobile phase, flow rate at 1ml/min. Retention times were 4.256 min and 2.400 min for DOXY and PYRI respectively. Linearity for both drugs were in the concentration range of 10-50µg/ml. Correlation coefficients were 0.999 and 0.999 for DOXY and PYRI respectively. Method was validated according to the parameters of ICH guidelines.The accelerated stability study was conducted as per the ICH guidelines. Study suggests that both the drugs were most stable in photolytic condition. DOXY was more susceptible in basic condition whereas in oxidation condition PYRI was more susceptible. Results obtained were quite satisfactory for this method and this method can be suitable for the estimation of DOXY and PYRI in any formulation along with degradation product.
3D-QSAR and Pharmacophoric study on 2,6-Disubstituted Thiazolo [4,5-b] Pyridines as H3 Receptor Antagonists
Authors: Jain S. K. , Bharti S. K. , Jagan B.G.V.S. , Gupta Ajay K.
Published: November 2023

Histamine H3 receptor antagonist (H3RA) is a promising therapeutic for CNS disorders including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [ADHD], sleep disorders, epilepsy, schizophrenia and obesity. 2,6-Disubstituted thiazolo[4,5-b]pyridines reported for their H3 receptor antagonistic activity were selected for three dimensional quantitative structure activity relationship (3D-QSAR) and pharmacophoric study in order to establish structure activity relationship quantitatively and essential structural features. In the current study, VLife Molecular Design Suite software (VlifeMDS) was used for QSAR and biophore studies. Pharmagist (web based server) was used for pharmacophoric study. Partial least square regression (PLSR) analysis showed r2= 0.7902, q2=0.6449 and pred_r2= 0.6650. In this model steric [S_138, S_826] and electrostatic descriptors [E_243, E_652] are involved to play an important role in eliciting biological activity. It showed good internal and external prediction. The contour plots provided further insight of the relationship between structural features of substituted thiazolo[4,5-b]pyridine derivatives and their activities which should be applicable to design newer potential H3R inhibitors. In addition with these studies, pharmacophoric models were also produced using Molsign (VLifeMDS) and Pharmagist (web based server). The identified pharmacophore features are two aromatic and two hydrogen bond acceptor with Molsign whereas common pharmacophoric features with Pharmagist are two aromatic, two hydrophobic and four hydrogen bond acceptors. The present work may be useful for further lead optimization and designing of potent H3 receptor antagonists.
Therapeutic Potential of Black Seed Oil to Nuclear Factor Kappa B Levels of Patients with Metabolic Syndrome Risk
Authors: A Hi Wahid Rahmat , Darmawan Endang
Published: November 2023

Herbal medicine is one of the most used adjuvant and alternative therapies by people with metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk. This is alongside conventional MetS risk treatments. Black Seed Oil(BSO) is a medicinal plant most widely used worldwide as the most excellent form of healing medicine. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of BSO as adjuvant therapy on levels of NF-κB in patients with MetS risk. This prospective was conducted at Jetis I Public Health Center (PHC), Yogyakarta, Indonesia. After confirmation of diagnosis, sixty-two patients who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in this study. Approval from the institutional ethical committee was also obtained. The patients with MetS risk were divided into two groups (n=31). In group I (the BSO group), the patients have advised BSO 3mL/day for 20 days. In group II (the Control group), the patients have advised a placebo for 20days. The level of NF-κB was estimated using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. The median values between groups were tested with Mann-Whitney with a significance of P=<0.05 (95%). The favorable impact of BSO was seen in almost all variables, but the results were not statistically significant (P>0.05). Adjuvant therapy of BSO doses of 3 mL/day could not increase levels of NF-κB in the patients with MetS risk at Jetis I PHC, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. A larger study with adequate sample size and long-term supplementation with BSO is recommended.
The effect of Metformin and its combinations with other hypoglycemic agents on CRP blood levels
Authors: Mansour Marwa , Makhous Rana
Published: November 2023

Background: C-reactive protein (CRP) is linked to inflammation and elevated cardiovascular risk in metabolic disorders. Metformin has been shown to lower CRP concentrations. However, it is still unclear whether elevated CRP levels could be modulated by metformin. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effects of metformin and its combinations on CRP levels in T2DM patients. Patients and Methods: a prospective comparative study was carried out at Tishreen University Hospital and some private diabetic clinics in Lattakia, Syria during the period between April 2020 and March 2022.The study included three groups of patients: group I (31 patients, 32.6%) received metformin at a dose of 1,000mg/d, group II (30 patients, 31.6%) received modified release gliclazide (60mg/d) and group III (34 patients, 35.8%) received metformin with sitagliptin (50/1000mg/d). CRP levels were measured at baseline and after 3 months of treatment. Results: a total of 95 patients, 55males (57.90%) and 40 females (42.1%) with a mean age of 50.72±6.6 years were included in the study. There were no significant differences between the three groups regarding age, sex, and BMI (p > 0.05). There was a significant decrease in FPG after treatment with metformin, gliclazide, and metformin with sitagliptin; 21.92%, 18.75%, and 24.39% respectively, p<0.0001. Metformin, gliclazide, and metformin with sitagliptin significantly reduced HbA1c by 18.7%, 17.36%, and 21.92% respectively. There was a significant change in CRP levels from baseline after receiving metformin (2.06±0.8 vs 3.46±0.9, p<0.001), and metformin with sitagliptin (1.84±0.6 vs 3.30±0.7, p:0<0001). However, the reduction in gliclazide group wasn’t significant (2.97±0.6 vs 3.14±1.1, p=0.09). Reduction in CRP levels wasn't influenced by age, sex or BMI, and was independent of glycemic control (p > 0.05). Conclusion: We demonstrated that metformin and its combination with sitagliptin have a favorable beneficial effect on inflammation marker CRP in patients with T2DM.
Investigating the effect of Polyherbal Ointment on Non-Healing Burn Wound: The Geriatric Approach
Authors: G. More Anuradha , R. Shinde Sneha , S. Kore Padmaja , N. Jadhav Mayuresh , S. Tapkir Amit
Published: November 2023

The most common type of wound is a burn wound which can be complicated due to electrolyte and fluid loss, leads to increase the chance of infectious complications and delay in wound healing. The main objective of the present study is to develop and evaluate a topical polyherbal ointment for antimicrobial and wound healing activity. The polyherbal ointment was formulated by fusion method using emulsifying ointment base with 10%w/w alcoholic extracts (soxhlet extraction) of Azadirachta indica (Neem), Melaleucaalternifolia (tea tree oil), and Myrica esculenta (katphala). The prepared ointment was evaluated for physicochemical property, wound healing and antimicrobial activity. The prepared ointments were tested for its odor, color, consistency, phase separation, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, viscosity, extrudability, and stability studies and gave satisfactory results. The antimicrobial activity of prepared polyherbalointment was evaluated using standard ATCC strain for gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) using the agar welldiffusion method. The polyherbalointment was investigated in vivo in rats for woundhealing activity. The prepared formulation showed predominant antimicrobial activity against selected species and formulation promoted wound healing activity when compared with marketed (standard povidone ointment) preparation. Overall study reveals that prepared formulation is an effective polyherbal ointment.
Retrospective Investigation of Antibiotic resistance pattern by Microbial pathogens isolated in surgical site infections in cancer patients
Authors: M Saravanan , Samuel Sajani , KE Sarath , R Parthiban
Published: November 2023

Cancer patients are susceptible to infections as a result of their disease and the immunosuppressive medication they undergo. Surgical Site Infection (SSIs) is the third most frequent nosocomial infection in hospitals around the world, trailing only urinary tract infections and pneumonia. Exogenous and/or endogenous bacteria that enter the operative site either during surgery (primary infection) or after surgery (secondary infection) are the most common causes of SSI. Pathogens that cause SSI in cancer patients have a wide variety of microbiological spectrums and antimicrobial susceptibilities. However, there is little information on the prevalence and incidence of resistant bacteria that cause SSI, particularly in Southern India, and epidemiological data on pathogens that cause SSI in cancer patients is scarce. As a result, the current study was conducted to examine the microorganisms and its antibiotic resistance isolated from SSIs in cancer patients at North Kerala. This retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary care cancer centre in North Kerala, India during the period from May 2021 to September 2021. Data of January 2018 and December 2020 on all microbial cultures from SSI were analysed. This study comprised clinical samples such as pus, pus aspirates, and wound swabs. Identification and resistance pattern of microorganism was performed by MALDI-TOF and VITEK – 2 compact respectively. S. aureus ATCC 25923, E. coli ATCC 25922, and P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 were used as quality control strains. During the study period, 2949 patients underwent clean and clean contaminated surgical procedures. During the study period, a total of 215 individuals (7.2%) developed SSI. A total of 215 individuals with SSI were investigated, and 224 microorganisms were identified from 190 patients. S. aureus (39%) had the greatest isolation rate among the 224 bacterial isolates, followed by P. aeruginosa. MRSA was observed in 62% of the S. aureus isolates. Among the Enterobacteriaceae, K. pneumoniae showed higher resistant to ciprofloxacin (87%), cefepime (77.4%), and amikacin (45%). Among the Non-fermenting GNB, A. baumannii showed high-level resistance when compared to P. aeruginosa. To prevent the transmission of pathogenic organisms, we encourage rigorous adherence to appropriate sanitation practises such as thorough hand washing, disinfection of inanimate objects, and other infection control measures.
Neuroprotective Effect of Mallotus philippensis Extract in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Neuropathy in Rats
Authors: George Sumithira , Duraisamy Mugundhan , Venugopalan Rajesh , D Kalaiselvan.
Published: November 2023

The use of herbal formulation for treatment of diabetes as well as its associated complications such as diabetic neuropathy has received great attention in the field of drug discovery. The aim of the present study was to investigate the neuroprotective effect of Mallotus philippensis fruit extract in a rat model of diabetic neuropathy. Diabetes was induced by a single i.p injection of STZ 45mg/kg. Neuropathic pain markers like hyperalgesia, allodynia and spontaneous pain were assessed before and after the treatment of M.P fruit extract at a high dose of 500mg/kg. During the study period blood glucose, HbA1C, body weight, food and water intake, were determined. Liver and kidney weight, along with histopathology of sciatic nerve, antioxidant parameters and oxidative stress marker were observed after 8th week of treatment. Our results demonstrated that treatment of Mallotus philippensis fruit extract significantly increased body weight, lowered the level of blood glucose, HbA1c, food and water intake. The Mallotus philippensis fruit extract significantly relieved thermal hyperalgesia, allodynia and spontaneous pain by increasing the antioxidant parameters such as SOD, CAT and GSH and by decreasing the oxidative stress level (LPO). Histological evaluation revealed that treatment of Mallotus philippensis extract reduced the axonal degeneration and improving the regeneration of sciatic nerve fiber. Thus, our present findings highlighted the beneficial effect of Mallotus philippensis fruit extract on neuroprotection possibly through its antihyperglycemia, antiglycation and antioxidant activity.
Development and Validation of RP-UHPLC and HPTLC Methods for a Polyherbal Active Ingredient Boswellia serrata
Authors: Ahmad Sufiyan , Poonam Amle , Patil Mukesh , Salunke Tushar , Khabiya Rakhi
Published: November 2023

The aim of present research work was to create a quick, accurate, and reliable RP-UHPLC and HPTLC method for estimating Boswellic acid from Boswellia Serrata extracts and formulations. RP-UHPLC method has been developed and validated for the determination of Boswellic acidin extract and in formulation. The RP-UHPLC analysis was performed on the Cosmosil C18, (250mm x 4.6mm i.d., 5 µm) in isocratic mode, at ambient temperature using Methanol : Water (0.1 % OPA) (80:20, v/v) as mobile phase; flow rate was set at 1.0mL/min. The detection was carried out at 250nm. The retention time for Boswellic acid was found to be 12.5 min. Linearity of Boswellic acid followed in the concentration range of 10-60µg/mLand correlation coefficient was found 0.9997. The HPTLC method was performed on 10cm x 10cm aluminium plate coated with 0.2 mm layer of silica gel 60 F254 (E. Merck, Germany). Samples were applied to the plate as bands width 6 mm by using Camag (Muttenz, Switzerland) Linomat-5 applicator fitted with 100µl syringe (Hamilton, Switzerland). The rate of application was constant at 150nl sec-1 and space between two bands was 14mm. The mobile phase consisted of toluene: ethyl acetate: methanol (4:1:0.5). Densitometric scanning was performed at 254nm using Camag TLC 3-Scanner. The average Rf is 0.54. The calibration curve was linear in concentration range of 500-3000ng/spot and correlation coefficient is 0.9996. The Limit of detection was calculated and it was found to be 5.42ng and Limit of quantification was found to be 16.45ng. The developed RP-UHPCL and HPTLC method was validated as per ICH Q2 (R1) analytical method validation guidelines. All developed methods could be used for routine analysis of Boswellic Acidin the dosage form.
Prospective potential of enzymes from Novel Bacillus sonorensis: Insights into the Structural aspects, Industrial and Therapeutic significance
Authors: Mehra Vidi , Pai Aravinda , B Bhat Bhavana , Ram H N Aswatha , Kamath B Venkatesh
Published: November 2023

Different studies on a novel strain Bacillus sonorensis revealed potential enzyme production and their use in different sectors like food industries, waste management and medical sector. As industrially important microorganism, B. licheniformis shows close relation to B. sonorensis, about which little information is established. It is thus expected that, the information gained about enzymes from the novel Bacillus sonorensis will prove beneficial towards investigating the biotechnological significance of the microorganism, and the genomics and phylogenetic importance in relation to members belonging to Bacillus subtilis group. The summarization about significant enzymes obtained from the organism including hyper thermostable alkaline lipase, L-asparaginase, keratinase, complex cellulase and pectinase shows medical significance, environment friendly waste management and essential ecological process.
Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Lipstick
Authors: Devidas G Bachhav , Leena P Deore , Shahid R Quraishi , Vilas B Ghavate , Ramdas B Rode
Published: November 2023

Herbal cosmetics are in increasing demand all over the world and are a priceless gift of nature. There is a wide range of herbal products to suit the beauty regimen. Due to various adverse effects of available synthetic preparation, the present work was formulation of an herbal lipstick having minimal or no side effects. Herbal lipstick formulated using bees wax, white soft paraffin, castor oil, olive oil, lemon oil, peppermint oil, shikakai powder, vanilla essence and natural pigments of turmeric, cocoa powder, raktachandan and ratanjot bark .All the formulations evaluated for their quality, showing the satisfactory results. Formulation 4 (containing ratanjot pigment) is the best formulation of all formulated herbal lipstick as compare to other formulations.
2D QSAR and Atom based 3D QSAR study of Tropomyosin Receptor Kinases inhibition by pyrazol derivatives
Authors: Adhikary Arpan , Nair Ronak , Moukthika Lakshya , Verma Ruchi
Published: November 2023

Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship (QSAR) studies are tools mostly used in many research areas, including drug discovery process. The tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) family are emerging as an important target for cancer therapeutics. The atom based 3D QSAR model and 2D QSAR model were designed and suitable models were generated useful for predicting the tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazol derivatives prior to their synthesis, developed for predicting the anti-cancer activity against TRKs . The given study indicates the credibility of derived QSAR model by the determination of suitable statistical parameters as we have observed high relationship between experimental and predicted activity values showing ligand molecule larotrectinib with various possibilities of structural modifications to develop potential molecules with significant TRKs inhibitory activity and also predict the activity of any unknown derivative. The data reported by the above QSAR models provides necessary directions for the designing of new TRKs inhibitors against cancer.
Synthesis and Characterization of Thrombolytic Serratiopeptidase from Environmental Isolates of Serratia marcescens
Authors: K Natarajan , R Subashkumar
Published: November 2023

Serratiopeptidase is an extracellular enzyme produced by Serratia marcescens and possesses anti-inﬂammatory, analgesic, anti-atherosclerotic, anti-edemic, and thrombolytic properties. The objective of this study was to produce and characterize the serratiopeptidase from environmental isolates of Serratia marcescens. Serratia marcescens strains were isolated from soil samples by spread plate technique and identified by 16S rRNA-PCR assay. Trypticase soy broth was used as the production medium and the crude enzymes were prepared from the culture by centrifugation. The protein in the crude extract was measured by Lowry’s method. Further, the enzyme was purified by column chromatography, and the fractions were concentrated using ice-cold acetone. Serratiopeptidase in the fraction was confirmed by SDS PAGE and characterized for thrombolytic activity on human blood sample. 150 soil samples were processed and 21 isolates of Serratia marcescens were identified. The protein content in the crude enzyme preparation was estimated in the range of 9 to 12.4mg/mL. SDS PAGE of the purified serratiopeptidase produced a distinct band with a molecular weight of 52 kDa. The significant thrombolytic activity produced by 15 isolates and the isolate, SM24 shows the maximum thrombolytic activity of 95%. In this study, serratiopeptidase produced from the isolates of Serratia marcescens shows significant thrombolytic activity on the human blood clot.
Assessment of Seven Process Associated Solvent Impurities and two by-Product Associated Solvent Impurities in Ibandronate Sodium Bulk Material and Commercial Product Employing Gas Chromatography
Authors: Ramanjaneyulu Siddabathuni , Narayana Rao K.M.V. , Pulipaka Shyamala
Published: November 2023

A gas chromatography technique coupled with head space sampling and detection with flame ionizer approach (GST-HSS-FI) methodology was established to determine seven process associated solvent impurities (acetone, ethyl acetate, methanol, mesityl oxide, chlorobenzene, diacetone alcohol, isopropyl alcohol) and two by-product associated solvent impurities (ethyl vinyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone) in ibandronate sodium bulk material and ibandronate sodium commercial product. By using dimethyl sulphoxide and clean water (70%:30% v/v) as a solvent, the standard curves for target solvent impurities with correlation coefficient scores over 0.99 were effectively plotted by GST-HSS-FI methodology in a selected concentration range (LOQ measure level to 120% of acceptable limit level). The approach was used to the identification of volatile target solvent impurities in ibandronate sodium bulk material and commercial product to validate its realistic application capacity. The GST-HSS-FI methodology presented the good, precise, accurate, specific and robust detection and assessment of volatile target solvent impurities, demonstrating its aptness to characterise the quality profile of ibandronate sodium bulk material and ibandronate sodium commercial product.
Physical Stability of Gel of Read Algae (Eucheuma spinosum) Extract and Evaluation of its Antioxidant effect
Authors: Rahman Wahid Abdul , Haryadi Ittiqo Dzun , Permata Hati Melati , Safwan Safwan , Sulistia Nopianti Myra , Wardia Karim Siti
Published: November 2023

Red algae (Eucheuma spinosum) was reported has excellent antioxidant activity. It was collected from Gili Tangkong, Sekotong District, West Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. The research aims to determine antioxidant activity of the gel form of red algae ethanol extract by DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil) method. The extract was prepared into gel formulate in various concentrations: F1(10%); F2(20%) and F3(30%) (w/w) by using combination carbopol 940 and HPMC as polymer bases. The physicochemical parameters of gel formulation (organoleptic, pH, spreadability, adhesion) were determined. Stability studies of gel have carried out for 21 days at viscosity and an antioxidant activity using the DPPH method. The results showed that all formulations complied with the required characteristics, which stability analysis did not change significantly in pH, organoleptic, consistency, adhesivity and spreadability during storage. Antioxidant activity of all formulas showed that the value of IC50 on F1 198.88 ppm (weak intensity: 151<IC50<200 ppm); F2 153.85ppm and F3 101.18ppm (medium intensity: 101ppm<IC50<150ppm). The result of this value showed the the gel extract which was made was have antioxidant activity and the most effective one was on the FIII.
THE CORRELATION OF DISCUS THROWERS’ MOTOR ABILITY INDICATORS AND SPORT RESULTS
Authors: Harutyunyan M. A.
Published: November 2023

The aim of the study is to determine correlations between speed, strength, sprint exercises with the athletic results of discus throwers.
The problems of the research is 1.To Investigate discuss throwers' fitness level, speed and sprint abilities.
2. To determine the correlation between the indicators of the anthropometric and motor abilities of the researched discus throwers with sport result.
3. To Group exercises according to nature and impact with an appropriate correlation coefficient.
Analysis of the results of sprint exercises showed that all control tests have high correlation with the sports result of discus throwing.
1. The anthropometric indicators of the researched participants, as well as the results obtained from the physical exercises, are related to the sports results, regardless of the correlation coefficient.2. In the discus throwers’ training process it is necessary to pay attention to those exercises, the correlation of which is relatively low with the sports results.3. Sprint and strength exercises used in discus training workouts are diverse, so it is appropriate to group them according to the correlation coefficient. Exercises with high correlation should be considered as core, exercises with average correlation as supporting, and exercises with low correlation as additional or supplementary.4.The relative correlation coefficient may change due to changes in the sports results.
ENHANCING PERFORMANCE IN ADOLESCENT JUDOKAS: THE ROLE OF SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING AND PSYCHOMOTOR ABILITIES
Authors: Lalayan G. A. , Avetisyan A. V. , Khachatryan M. M.
Published: November 2023

The purpose of the study is to investigate the relationship between subjective well-being, psychomotor ability and judo performance among adolescent judokas.
The results provide important insights into the factors influencing performance and well-being in this population. The main conclusions of the study are as follows:
1. The educational and philosophical structure of judo plays a significant role in promoting high levels of subjective well-being among adolescent judokas. Judo, as sport, places emphasis on the holistic development of the mind, spirit, and emotional stability. Training judo, young judokas have the opportunity to cultivate a sense of well-being, characterized by lower levels of anxiety and distraction, as well as a reduced perception of social influence on their performance.
2. The correlation analysis reveals that higher performance levels in judo are associated with lower levels of anxiety, distraction, and the perception of external influences. This suggests that psychological factors, such as emotional stability and
fo-cus, play a crucial role in optimizing performance. Additionally, higher subjective well-being is linked to better motor performance, indicating the importance of psychological well-being in physical abilities. These findings highlight the multifaceted impact of judo on the psychological well-being and motor abilities of adolescent judokas.
3. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) and correlation analysis demonstrated significant relationship between mood fluctuations, social environment influence, and performance levels among adolescent judokas. The results suggest that maintaining emotional stability and lower levels of mood fluctuations are important factors associated with higher performance outcomes. Additionally, the perception of the social environment was found to impact tapping test results and showed a correlation with performance, indicating that minimizing the influence of the social environment is crucial for achieving higher performance levels.
In conclusion, the results of this study highlight the importance of judo trainings in promoting subjective well-being among adolescent judokas, particularly by reducing mood fluctuations, psycho-emotional symptoms, and the influence of the social environment. Engaging in judo can contribute to the development of emotional stability, resilience to social influences, and a decrease in anxiety and distraction, ultimately leading to higher performance levels in adolescent judo. Based on these results, it is recommended that judo training programs incorporate strategies to enhance emotional regulation and create a supportive social environment to optimize the well-being and performance of adolescent judokas.
THE USAGE OF HEALTH-SAVING MEANS IN THE SYSTEM OF STUDENT’S PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Authors: Grigiryan A.L. , Akopyan S. S. , Martirosyan A. V.
Published: November 2023

We aimed to perform a post-examination arising from the requirements of the current stage, which is aimed at revealing the functional importance of special health-saving means in the system of physical education of the young.
Research objectives are to: to reveal the correlation of forms of physical activity among students through a sociological survey, to identify the limits of physical workability in different energy-saving zones with the help of laboratory studies. to determine the correlation structure of indicators of workability shown by students in five zones of energy supply and change in indicators in the process of physical training.
Training with physical load up to 3 hours in a weekly cycle only compensates for the level of physical fitness. Therefore, 3-6 hours of training is the best period that positively effects the level of physical fitness.
A direct connection of health-improving and health-saving special means between arterial zones regulating the direction of physical activity has been revealed.
PARALYMPIC SPORT AS A DIRECTION FOR THE DEVELOPMENT
OF DISABILITY SPORTS
Authors: Harutyunyan A. G. , Stepanyan A. G.
Published: November 2023

The Paralympic Games combine disabled sports with culture and education, as well as create a lifestyle based on educational values. The purpose of the research is to study and represent the role of Paralympic sports in the development of disability sports.
When analyzing the research tasks, the practice of the Paralympic movement requires special attention starting from rehabilitation sports to the development of Paralympic sports. The development of Paralympic sports makes it necessary for specialists to cooperate and develop a classification of athletes by types of sports, which is an important prerequisite for the development of disability sports.
The Paralympic movement as a sphere of integration is conditioned by thinking, ideas, fundamental reforms and practical work with disabled people among the population.
EFFICIENCY ASSESSMENT OF CERTAIN SPORTS IN THE OLYMPIC TRIATHLON
Authors: Martirosyan E. Z. , Stepanyan A. G. , Margaryan A. R.
Published: November 2023

The aim of the research is to study the efficiency of planning the training process of highly qualified triathletes, as well as to assess the level of correlation between certain types of competitions․
The analysis of the study results shows that at the Olympic Games of 2000-2008, the difference between the results of men and women 1500 m freestyle swimming and the result of triathlon was low, whereas at the Olympics of 2012-2020, the correlation coefficient had an average significance. The dynamics of a low correlation between cycling at 40 km and the results of triathlon is maintained for men and women at each follow-up Olympics.
There is a high correlation of indicators between the athletic efficiency of a triathlon and the results of a 10 km run. Unlike the two previous competitions, the relative correlation is clearly high here. In all six Olympic Games studied, the results of men and women have a high correlation.
The study of scientific-methodological sources on the problem and statistical analysis showed that the sports results of the Olympic triathlon have a high correlation with the results in the 10 km run, an average correlation with the 1500 m freestyle swimming and a low correlation with the sports results in cycling and triathlon. Therefore it can be assumed that to improve sports results in the Olympic triathlon, it is important to increase the training load in the training process of freestyle swimming at 1500 m and cycling at 40 km, bringing technical and tactical actions forward․
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF TEENAGE-SCHOOLCHILDREN PHYSICAL FITNESS INDICATOR IN RURAL AREAS AT DIFFERENT PERIODS
Authors: Mkrtchyan T․ L.
Published: November 2023

The purpose of the study is the assessment of physical fitness of rural schoolchildren in different periods.
Based on the data provided, it can be seen that the teenage period is complex and still not fully studied. It plays a crucial role in shaping an individual's life both in youth and in adulthood. However, there are some gaps in the education and upbringing of teens living in rural areas.
As for the assessment of physical fitness of pupils of rural schools in Armenia, it can be concluded that the current state is not optimal enough. The level of motor fitness often does not meet the normative requirements of the physical education program at school and cannot be fully provided only by academic classes. Apparently, additional extracurricular activities are needed․ The study of these issues will improve the process of motor training of schoolchildren in rural areas of our country․
COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE WORLD RECORDS AND ARMENIAN RECORDS IN SPORTS SWIMMING USING THE CHEST CRAWL METHOD
Authors: Avtandilyan V. S. , Tiratsuyan A. H. , Mare-Gasparyan N.
Published: November 2023

The aim of the research is to determine the difference between world and national records, identify changes in the results of Armenian swimmers, to determine the world records of the strongest swimmers at distances in the crawl included in the Olympic Games program, to determine the national records of the strongest swimmers of Armenia included in the Olympic Games program in the front crawl style, to determine the difference in record results among the strongest swimmers in the World and Armenia in the front crawl style.
It is necessary to revise the procedure for including the strongest swimmers in the National Team of Armenia in order to continue their professional activities, and to improve the quality of coaches responsible for the stroke and sprint swimming styles of the Armenian national team.
Van Topraklarından İzole Edilen Colpoda (Ciliophora, Colpodea) Türleri Üzerinde Morfolojik ve Moleküler Filogenetik Araştırmalar
Authors: ERİŞEN Pelin , YILDIZ İsmail
Published: November 2023

Bu makalede Van topraklarından izole edilen Colpoda Ö. F. Müller 1773 cinsine ait dört siliyat siliyat türünü hem morfolojik hem de 18S rDNA gen dizisine dayalı filogenetik olarak inceledik. C. lucida, C. magna ve C. maupasi morfolojik olarak literatür verileri ile uyumludur. Morfolojik karakterleri bakımından daha önce tanımlanmış herhangi bir popülasyon ile eşleşmeyen bir popülasyon ise Colpoda sp. olarak sunuldu. C. lucida ve C. magna Türkiye siliyat faunasına ilk kez bu çalışma ile kaydedilmiştir. Filogenetik analizlerde (ML ve BI) Colpoda cinsi üyeleri dış grup olarak kullanılan türlerden tam destek ile ayrılmıştır. Bu çalışmada izole edilen C. lucida ve C. magna filogenetik ağaçlarda daha önce tanımlanmış türdeşleri ile birlikte konumlanırken C. maupasi popülasyonunun morfolojik olarak benzer olmamasına karşın C. eucaudata ile daha yakın konumlanmıştır. C. lucida türdeşlerinin bazal pozisyonunda onlardan genetik olarak farklılaşmış olarak yer almaktadır. Colpoda sp. ise diğer hemcinslerinden farklı bir kol üzerinde Colpoda sp. (JF747216) popülasyonu ile kardeş pozisyonda ve ondan genetik olarak uzak pozisyonda konumlanmıştır. Colpoda sp.’nin filogenetik pozisyonu ve genetik farklılığı onun yeni tür olmaya aday olduğuna işaret etmektedir.
Sistem Pakar Untuk Mendiagnosa Penyakit Tanaman Citrus Aurantifolia (Jeruk Nipis) Menggunakan Metode Teorema Bayes
Authors: Lubis Ilham Chaidir , Lumban Gaol Nur Yanti , Sari Kartika
Published: November 2023

Salah satu fungsi utama dari Dinas Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura Provinsi Sumatera Utara adalah sebagai penyedia bibit unggul tanaman ataupun buah yang di antaranya adalah jeruk nipis. Akan tetapi, masalah yang ditemukan adalah belum ada yang menyediakan menu konsultasi seperti sistem pakar untuk menangani masalah penyakit jeruk nipis pada Dinas Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura Provinsi Sumatera Utara yang mengakibatkan sering terjadinya kesulitan untuk mengidentifikasi penyakit karena tidak mengenali gejala-gejalanya dan ketersediaan pakar yang tidak selalu ada sepanjang waktu. Oleh karena itu maka dibutuhkan sebuah sistem cerdas yang akan menjadi Knowledge Assistant dan digunakan oleh staff ataupun pegawai Dinas Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Sistem tersebut nantinya akan dikombinasikan dengan Metode Teorema Bayes, Teorema Bayes merupakan metode yang baik di dalam mesin pembelajaran berdasarkan data training, dengan menggunakan probabilitas bersyarat sebagai dasarnya. Dalam masalah yang dibahas pada penelitian ini akan di rancang sebuah perangkat lunak yang diharapkan menjadi solusi pemecahan masalah. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah terciptanya sebuah sistem yang dapat membantu staff atau pegawai Dinas Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura Provinsi Sumatera Utara dalam mendiagnosa penyakit pada tanaman jeruk nipis secara cepat, tepat dan akurat untuk mencegah adanya jeruk nipis yang kurang berkualitas akibat terserang penyakit.
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Perekrutan Driver Bus Menggunakan Metode Weighted Product
Authors: Barus Juanda , Marsono Marsono , Sari Vina Winda
Published: November 2023

PT. Juma Batu Palas Transport adalah perusahaan yang bergerak pada bidang transportasi bus. Driver merupakan peran penting pada perusahaan tersebut, sehingga dibutuhkan driver yang berpengalaman dan berkompeten untuk keamanan dan kenyamanan bagi penumpang. Namun dalam proses perekrutan masih sering terjadi kesalahan dalam memilih calon driver yang sesuai kriteria, ditambah banyaknya jumlah pelamar sedangkan yang diterima terbatas. Permasalahan lainya yaitu sikap pengambilan keputusan masih bersifat subjektif dan proses penyeleksian masih secara manual sehingga membutuhkan waktu yang cukup lama pada proses perekrutan. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, maka dibutuhkan suatu bidang keilmuan komputer yang dapat membantu proses perekrutan calon driver bus pada PT. Juma Batu Palas Transport, agar mendapat hasil yang lebih efektif dan bersifat objektif dalam menentukan driver yang sesuai dengan kriteria yang sudah ditetapkan perusahaan yaitu dengan menggunakan sistem pendukung keputusan. Adapun hasil akhir yang didapatkan adalah sebuah aplikasi sistem pendukung keputusan menggunakan metode weighted product yang dapat menentukan kelayakan calon driver bus pada PT. Juma Batu Palas Transport dalam bentuk laporan hasil ranking.
Sistem Pendukung Dalam Pemilihan Produk Asuransi Unit Link Menggunakan Metode OCRA
Authors: Rifanzi Arya Rizky , Ramadhan Puji Sari , Winata Hendryan
Published: November 2023

Memilih produk asuransi unit link adalah keputusan yang agak rumit karena melibatkan banyak kriteria yang berbeda sebagai faktor yang harus diperhitungkan saat mengambil keputusan. Permasalahan yang sering dihadapi calon nasabah adalah lamanya proses pemilihan produk dan kurangnya kecocokan nasabah terhadap produk yang ditawarkan. Untuk itu diperlukan suatu sistem yang dapat digunakan pihak asuransi dalam proses pemilihan produk yang sesuai dengan kriteria calon nasabah untuk memudahkan dalam mengajukan polis asuransi atau hanya untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang produk yang tepat untuk mereka. Oleh karena itu salah satu solusi untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut adalah dengan membangun sebuah Sistem Pendukung Keputusan (SPK) berbasis desktop yang interaktif serta fleksibel dan menerapkan metode OCRA (Operational Competitiveness Rating Analysis) pada data yang diperoleh dari perusahaan PT. AIA Financial. Sistem Pendukung Keputusan ini dirancang menggunakan software Visual Studio, Microsoft Access dan Crystal Report. OCRA itu sendiri merupakan teknik pengambilan keputusan multi kriteria berdasarkan bahwa setiap alternatif terdiri dari beberapa kriteria yang memiliki nilai-nilai dan setiap kriteria memiliki bobot yang menggambarkan seberapa pentingnya ia terhadap kriteria lain. Pembobotan ini digunakan untuk mengevaluasi setiap alternatif agar didapatkan alternatif terbaik. Hasil dari sistem ini adalah berupa perangkingan data produk asuransi unit link untuk memperoleh hasil terbaik yang digunakan sebagai alat bantu dalam pengambilan keputusan bagi pihak asuransi. Adapun yang menjadi hasil dalam penelitian ini ialah alternatif A9 dengan nilai 0,257 atas nama produk Proteksi Retirement Maksima.