bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Civil Rights by Moonlight
Authors: Babb Valerie
Published: October 2024

Despite its crucial importance to civil rights history, contemporary Florida has largely been erased from discussions of black progressivism. When one thinks of the urban spaces central to this history, Selma or Birmingham are readily remembered as iconic sites represented in creative expression from art to film. Liberty City, Miami springs less readily to mind, but its built landscape embodies many of the markers of black cultural history: settlement, enslavement, migration, segregation, deterioration, and contested urban renewal. It is not surprising, then, that Liberty City would inspire two of its native sons, film maker Barry Jenkins and playwright Tarell Alvin McCraney to use it as a setting for both a coming-of-age story and an expanded civil rights story. The film Moonlight (2016) offers a loving yet ambivalent portrait of Liberty City as a site reflecting black histories and avowing queer civil rights.
The Role of Florida in Colson Whitehead’s The Nickel Boys
Authors: Lowe John Wharton
Published: October 2024

This essay first considers the sources that Whitehead used to construct the novel, which is a fictionalized portrait of an actual juvenile reform institution, the Dozier school. The focus then shifts to the ways in which the novel interrogates incarceration, torture, trauma, rape, and juridical and institutional corruption. Key scenes involving the infliction of pain are read closely, employing theoretical tenets of Michel Foucault, Elaine Scarry, and others. These aspects are considered against Whitehead’s employment of the topography, weather, and history of Florida, and the ways the factors have affected African Americans.
The Storm, the Telling
Authors: Clief-Stefanon Lyrae Van
Published: October 2024

This essay reads two performances of a gospel song, “I Told the Storm,” before turning to the ending of Gwendolyn Brooks’s “Second Sermon on the Warpland.” Dwelling on the whirlwind, the essay moves towards an understanding not academic but edifying. How might a survivor’s testimony begin to make legible catches (of poetic invention, punctuation, song, of history, of trauma) as forms of knowledge? Might the storm as adynaton site of habitation point towards the properties of “lithe love”?
“Entre la Santa y la Muerte”
Authors: Grijalva-Maza Luisa Fernanda
Published: October 2024

For chapter 6, we move to Mexico, where F. Grijalva-Maza exposes the ways in which the triangulation of power between the Mexican government and military, media, along with the Catholic Church have tried to marginalize and bury Santa Muerte, who is the personification of death in the female form. This harsh and calculated response to La Santísima illuminates the ways in which the feminine divine is criminalized—the same feminine divine that Indigenous communities have and continue to worship within Mexico.
Iconografía Prohibida /Forbidden Iconography
Authors: Cuaxiloa Lizzeth Tecuatl
Published: October 2024

Switching from text to art for chapter 8, ceramic artist L. Tecuatl Cuaxiloa shows and tells how Spanish colonization impacted the pottery work of indigenous communities in Cholula, Mexico. Her work challenges what is thought of as “traditional” Mexican pottery and recovers indigenous design and memory through art.
Curse of the Zamora Girls
Authors: Zamora Bianca Tonantzin
Published: October 2024

B. Zamora, in the act of unmasking a family story of sexual abuse through a poem, presents a space for healing and survival.
Mi Abuelita y Los Rosarios
Authors: Muñoz Arturo “Velaz”
Published: October 2024

Chapter 12, a poem by A. “Velaz” Muñoz digs past colonial understandings of ritual and prayer to reimagine the demons of colonialism as the internal struggle of good and bad, light and dark of Chicanx gang subculture. Using a rosario as a symbol, Velaz illuminates the legacy of the border carceral state and its connection to contemporary police brutality.
Cry Baby
Authors: Alcalá Kathleen
Published: October 2024

In chapter 15, K. Alcalá’s essay paints a hauntingly beautiful and contemporary reenvisioning of the La Llorona story.
Thru the Veil and 32.2480° N, 112.9161° W (Sonoran Desert)
Authors: Sanchez-Avila Roxanna Ivonne
Published: October 2024

To close this powerful section, R. Sanchez-Avila’s stunning photography showcases how visual methodologies can exist within spectral planes, specifically in capturing ghostly desires of LatIndigenous knowledge productions and lineages.
Making a Living
Authors: Muñoz Arturo “Velaz”
Published: October 2024

S. Ramirez deconstructs the relationship between forgotten agreements, names, and languages and the parallel relationship to decaying space and
bodies—who “saves” who when no one is seen as valuable?
Heritage, Identity, and Place
Authors: Regis Helen A. , Walton Shana
Published: October 2024

This chapter delves into the life and heritage of Lora Ann Chaisson, who serves as the Principal Chief of the United Houma Nation Tribal Council since 2022. Despite the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, Chaisson remained active in her roles with the Inter-Tribal Council of Louisiana, the US Department of Labor, and national tribal groups and represented the Houma at festivals across the US and internationally. The chapter considers Chaisson as a guardian of culinary heritage as she often prepared traditional dishes for family gatherings and community events. It looks at the narrative of the Houma people's identity intertwined with Cajun and Creole heritage, citing the experiences of filmmaker and photographer Monique Verdin. The chapter investigates the communities' subsistence practices that remained central to their identity but were increasingly threatened by environmental changes and land loss in Terrebonne and Lafourche Parishes.
Comics and Modernism
Authors: Najarian Jonathan
Published: October 2024

Since the early 1990s, cartoonist Art Spiegelman has made the case that comics are the natural inheritor of the aesthetic tradition associated with the modernist movement of the early twentieth century. In recent years, scholars have begun to place greater import on the shared historical circumstances of early comics and literary and artistic modernism. Comics and Modernism: History, Form, and Culture is an interdisciplinary consideration of myriad social, cultural, and aesthetic connections.
Filling a gap in current scholarship, an impressively diverse group of scholars approaches the topic from a variety of disciplinary backgrounds and methodologies. Drawing on work in literary studies, art history, film studies, philosophy, and material culture studies, contributors attend to the dynamic relationship between avant-garde art, literature, and comics. Essays by both established and emerging voices examine topics as divergent as early twentieth-century film, museum exhibitions, newspaper journalism, magazine illustration, and transnational literary circulation.
In presenting varied critical approaches, this book highlights important interpretive questions for the field. Contributors sometimes arrive at thoughtful consensus and at other times settle on productive disagreements. Ultimately, this collection aims to extend traditional lines of inquiry in both comics studies and modernist studies and to reveal overlaps between ostensibly disparate artistic practices and movements.
Entanglements of Style
Authors: Willmott Glenn
Published: October 2024

The first section of the book begins with Glenn Willmott’s theoretically rich chapter, “Entanglements of Style: The Uniqueness of Modernism in Comics.” Recognizing that, from an institutional standpoint, comics was not modernism, Willmott proposes that the “kindred strategies of aesthetic and semiotic disruption” that we find in both forms can be understood most powerfully through style: “the aesthetic means by which the defamiliarizing or subversive effects that are experienced as modernist difficulty in the arts of the avant-garde are, in comics, uniquely conveyed.”
“What’s More Important is the Bigger Picture”
Authors: Johnson Andre E. , Edgar Amanda Nell
Published: October 2024

This chapter considers the role of the personal as an extension of intersectionality in the contemporary Black Lives Matter movement. By exploring how the concept of intersectionality became a rallying cry for the movement during the summer of 2020, we argue that BLM activists were not only aware of the need for coalitional politics; they were also actively invested in pushing the movement to be more intersectional and, therefore, more inclusive. Crenshaw’s concept of intersectionality is often discussed as a systemic intervention. Yet, as Crenshaw and others have done in their writing, the activists we spoke with often discussed intersectionality in terms of personal examples of both pain and self-reflection. In this way, the activists of 2020 elevated the role of the personal, combining a focus on intersectionality with the imperative to position themselves and others within broader social systems. At the same time, talking about personal experiences does not always lead to an intersectional analysis. The cultural focus on personal growth and self-care can also deflect from coalition building and movement solidarity. Perhaps recognizing this dynamic, many activists were cognizant of the work their local organizations were doing to address intersections of oppression, while simultaneously noting that their organizations were not doing enough. This model, we suggest, demonstrates the strength of the BLM movement and movement participants’ commitment to building a truly intersectional, inclusive vision of activism.
“It’s an Extension of My Faith”
Authors: Johnson Andre E. , Edgar Amanda Nell
Published: October 2024

In this chapter, we focus on participants’ use of religious narratives. In short, we examine the rhetoric of these narratives and examine how participants say that their faith, religion, or spirituality led them to support #BlackLivesMatter both online and “out in the streets.” Despite being a secular movement, we discovered that this does not mean that participants are “non-religious” or “anti-religious.” Indeed, the three women who coined the phrase #BlackLivesMatter would consider themselves religious, albeit not in traditionally Christian ways. What we discovered is that for many participants, not only has the movement has “inspired and energized black Christians” in Black Churches, but it has inspired many of various religious traditions to reexamine their own faith journeys.
“It’s How We Pick Our Enemy”
Authors: Johnson Andre E. , Edgar Amanda Nell
Published: October 2024

In this chapter, we examine the role of the BLM movement in electoral politics. In short, we ask participants, does being a part of the BLM movement make a person more prone to participate in the electoral political process? In asking this question and others like it, we wanted to find out if there is a direct connection between the street politics that movements engage in and the electoral politics of registration, supporting candidates, and voting. Our findings show that while many participants see a connection between the two, the debate is still far from being over.
Hawk, Dove, Ditko, and Kant
Authors: Cowling Sam
Published: October 2024

Violence in superhero comics is the norm, but what happens when superheroes forswear violent action? The Hawk and the Dove (1968) is a peculiar experiment in the superhero genre and takes up exactly this question by placing a nominally pacifist character at the heart of the action. Pitting two super-powered brothers at loggerheads over the ethics of violence, this series (and its precursor in which the titular characters debut) marks a distinctive period in Steve Ditko’s exploration of violence and morality within the superhero genre. Along with its striking critique of the ethics of non-violence, Ditko's brief run with these characters is marked by a puzzling engagement with the nature of moral knowledge. After exploring how some of the philosophical themes regarding reason and morality emerge from Ditko’s Hawk and Dove stories, the ethical limits of self-defense examined with an eye toward whether violence within superhero comics might be morally permissible on account of being self-defense.
Peace Be with You
Authors: Abrams Lawrence , Knoblauch Kaleb
Published: October 2024

This chapter examines depictions and typologies of violence in The Sheriff of Babylon, by Tom King and Mitch Gerads, published by DC’s Vertigo Comics imprint. The series follows an investigation into the murder of an Iraqi police officer in the American-controlled Green Zone in Baghdad, ultimately unraveling a conspiracy of corruption and violence made possible by the United States’ occupation of the country. This chapter establishes a typology of violence, then argues that The Sheriff of Babylon depicts violence in several significant ways. Violence is not always depicted overtly; rather, key violent acts are hidden behind all-black panels or disorienting clouds of dust and debris, with understated captions that create a sense of irony about the act and reflect the real-world confusion of trying to observe violence as it happens. Second, when violence is overtly shown, it is always racialized and gendered, never neutral, and it is shown as an inhumane reality of asymmetric warfare. Most importantly, violence is shown to be ineffective, leading the reader to question the efficacy of America’s so-called “War on Terror” and the moral legitimacy of American hegemony.
Violence for the Cause
Authors: Costello Rita
Published: October 2024

This chapter looks at ways in which violence in comics and graphic novels betters us as readers of comics who live in a world that is often a violent and unjust place. In turn, the quest to limit or eliminate violence—such as the attempt undertaken by the U.S. Congress in the 1950s and the establishment of the Comics Code Authority in 1954—is a quest to silence (or erase) the other, quell political and intellectual unrest, and hinder valuable ideas for change. To establish the basis of my argument, the chapter analyzes sudden or shocking violence as it is depicted in several non-fiction graphic texts across time—using Spiegelman’s Maus books (1980-1991), Satrapi’s Persepolis books (2000-2003), Lewis, Aydin, and Powell’s March Trilogy (2013-2016). In looking at these non-fiction texts, the chapter shows that violence—both graphically depicted and otherwise visually implied—is a necessary element to the points being made and to the emotional impact of the works. The violence not only contextualizes what surrounds it, but sometimes also generates a useful resistance in the reader, one that makes the reader struggle or question in a way that is productive to the story.
Monstrosity, Mutation, and the World Without Us
Authors: Cade Octavia
Published: October 2024

Liminal ecosystems such as swamps and marshes are fertile ground for monstrosity and are often the product of human disregard for nature. This chapter uses examples of human-created liminal eco-systems as a means of unpacking the mutated superhero narrative such as that found in Swamp Thing. Contrasting examples of the mutated human and the mutated non-human, the chapter examines how audiences perceive monstrosity in ecologically focused narratives, contending that the destructive and dangerous associations attached to the mutated non-human are frequently also attached to the liminal environments that spawn them. This perception of monstrosity remains even when the mutant creature’s role within the narrative is effectively that of the superhero. These instances of monstrously seen ecological defenders of man-made liminal zones raise questions about the superhero’s longstanding privileging of individual responsibility, principally because they are animated by issues of communal responsibility for nature and climate. The chapter thus asks how the ecological hero’s monstrous perception is a dark mirror to our common deflection of ecological responsibility.
Beyond Comic Books
Authors: Gordon Ian
Published: October 2024

That comics characters, and superheroes in particular, transcend comic
books is nothing new or novel. Nowhere is this rapacious tendency seen more than with the medium’s most culturally synonymous content—the superhero. That said, the history and character of the strategies that attend this development remain somewhat understudied. As such, this introduction establishes how the section to come traces some of the ways that superheroes have come to exist beyond the page with some close examination of the way characters move from page to screen, the function of intellectual property (IP) rights in broadening the range and type of ways that superheroes are marketed to audiences, and the ways that audiences respond.
The Toy Biz of Superheroes
Authors: Bainbridge Jason
Published: October 2024

The superhero is a comic-book creation that has become a transmedia phenomenon, proliferating across film, television, games, books, and toy shelves. This chapter focuses on the last of these—and more specifically the super-hero action figure—to explore how important the toy industry has been to the evolution, survival and very definition of the super-hero today. In describing the “toyesis” of superheroes using particular case studies from Toy Biz and Mattel, the chapter details how toys have played a critical role in the saturation of the superhero throughout our media landscape. By outlining the symbiotic relationship that has prevailed between superheroes and toys the chapter demonstrates how action figures become influential mediators in both the superhero’s cultural absorption and its legal articulation as intellectual property through trademark practices.
Is There a Colombian National Superhero?
Authors: Uribe-Jongbloed Enrique , Espinosa-Medina Hernan David
Published: October 2024

This chapter explores the complexity of creating national superheroes in multi-ethnic countries. Tracing the history of the comic book medium in Colombia and the development of Colombian superheroes, the chapter examines how the identifying processes of race and ethnicity function alongside a difficulty in transducing the tropes of US superheroes to make a truly representative Colombian superhero challenging to articulate. Using three case studies spanning from the late 1960s to the 2010s, the chapter gives a historical overview of how Colombian superheroes have variously adopted and moved away from the tropes of their US counterparts. Examining the articulation of Colombian identity in Maku, Tukano, and Zambo Dende, the chapter makes a case for how the development of transmedia strategies has been instrumental in moving the representation of the Colombian superhero forward, making it a profound example of how complex national identities can be embodied in the empowering cultural product of the superhero.
Online Sport Protest
Authors: Segall Kimberly Wedeven
Published: October 2024

What problems emerge when protest enters Nike’s digital world? More awareness is needed of the digital activism of sport stars. This chapter considers how protest is being built around sport stars—as in this case study of U.S. Olympic fencer Ibtihaj Muhammad—and the challenges when the corporate world glamorizes these “Nike Muslim Wonder Women” as icons. Not in raising a fist, nor in taking a knee, but in lifting her saber, this U.S. Black Muslim athlete enters into an ongoing tradition of sport stars and their digital protest. Continuing this book’s unique lens, this chapter considers how radical superheroism as a strategy contrasts Nike’s post-racial glamour. Mapping super-icons of the athlete’s own digital activism re-contextualizes her own transnational feminism, refusing commercials with their mystical sensationalism and U.S. tokenism.
Solidarity Icons
Authors: Segall Kimberly Wedeven
Published: October 2024

Unlike chapters focused on superstar icons, this chapter considers how solidarity icons in grassroots networks of Black, Arab American, white, and South Asian Muslim Americans are a part of a digital (re)claiming of collective belonging. Given that individual star icons cannot possibly represent the heteroglossic identities of U.S. Muslims, this chapter, analyzing a case study of a protest group of thirty U.S. Muslim women in a series of workshops and public platforms in the Pacific Northwest, considers how filming and posting group photos presents an inter-racial solidarity icon that challenges single (token) images of star Muslims. This section argues that these online icons—as in interracial group photos—reflect individual choices, but they are also healing images of heteroglossic resiliencies that challenge current policies. This chapter explores these revised racial scripts, surrounding these protests, mapping out images of social media, film clips, and terminology of the “American Muslim.”
Dirty Computer
Authors: Swanson Kemeshia Randle
Published: October 2024

This chapter argues that the protagonists in Zora Neale Hurston’s Their Eyes Were Watching God (1937) and Sister Souljah’s The Coldest Winter Ever (2000) attempt to operate as maverick feminists and are influential to the growth of other Black women as a result of their self-identified and/or self-sexualized mentalities. However, because Janie and Winter operate in a society where an overt sexuality is seemingly punishable, the protagonists are banished to some form of imprisonment by the end of their respective narrative. Hence, while the works are groundbreaking, and the depictions of Black female sexualities portrayed in them add depth to the body of criticism on Black female sexualities, they are also, ultimately, representatives of the societal two-ness imposed on the Black female body during the 16th and 17th centuries. An analysis of Brittney Cooper’s memoir, Eloquent Rage (2018), serves as a nonfictional account of the debilitating impact of respectability politics.
Get in Formation
Authors: Swanson Kemeshia Randle
Published: October 2024

Through a close reading of Terry McMillan’s Getting to Happy (2013), this chapter articulates the ways in which an intentional sisterhood or intergenerational dynamic can personally fulfill the women involved while simultaneously propelling political and social agendas. Michelle Obama’s memoir, Becoming, serves as a nonfictional testimony to the advantages of intergenerational dynamics and sisterhoods and also helps to dispel myths about respectability politics.
The Case of Jonny ’s Genre
Authors: Whitehead Joshua , Mason Derritt
Published: October 2024

This interview with Joshua Whitehead speaks to how industry pressures, genre and form, local and national borders, and individual creative impulses and agendas have shaped his storytelling. Whitehead initially imagined his award-winning novel, Jonny Appleseed (2018), as young adult literature, while his publisher had other ideas, largely due to the book’s queer sexual content. Whitehead also details his own commitment, as a Two-Spirit Indigenous Oji-nêhiyaw storyteller, to decolonizing Eurocentric understandings of genre: narrative patterns often understood to be fundamental Bildungsroman conventions, he points out, appear in Indigenous oral storytelling; “magical” elements often labeled as “speculative” are in fact “the most real” dimensions of his work.
Retomando el Día de los Muertos
Authors: Rhodes Cristina
Published: October 2024

This chapter examines recent Latinx novels for young readers that present death not as the tragic endpoint of life (as in many White narratives) but rather as a natural and even positive part of the life cycle. Through readings of Cemetery Boys (2020) by Aiden Thomas and Labyrinth Lost by Zoraida Córdova (2016), novels in which gender and sexuality are dynamic rather than binary, this chapter argues that for Latinx people death is “full of possibility and transformation.” The sobering context for this argument involves ongoing racialized and ethnic violence in the United States. Latinx epistemologies of death have long emphasized themes of empowerment and transformation, and these themes play out intriguingly in these two titles, with death and proximity to death recast as a transition, a rite of passage, and a form of social power.
Danger All Around
Authors: Rocha Lauren
Published: October 2024

This chapter explores marriage and memory in Insidious and Insidious: Chapter 2. It follows Josh’s relationship with the women in his life—his wife, Renai, mother Lorraine, and the psychic Elise—and how his repressed memories contribute to his toxic masculinity. The chapter also explores Renai’s character arc across both films by noting her shared selfhood as wife and mother then caretaker in the first film to a more active character in the second film that stands up to her husband. It argues that Dalton’s possession in the first film and Josh’s possession in the second force Josh to become a more involved husband and parent to save his son and self. The chapter also discusses the use of houses and house imagery in both films, arguing that, unlike Amityville, because the house is not haunted the homes function as unstable points for the characters.
Traumatic Motherhood
Authors: Rocha Lauren
Published: October 2024

The Babadook chapter investigates the intersections of possession, trauma, and grief. The character who becomes possessed in the film is Amelia, a single mother with a seemingly unruly son. Amelia is a character haunted by the loss of her husband, who died driving Amelia to the hospital to give birth to their son Samuel. Drawing on Cathy Caruth’s trauma theory, this chapter explores how Amelia’s possession forces her to confront her trauma and repressed feelings about motherhood.
Introducing the FSNet-Africa model
Authors:   University of Pretoria, Mkandawire Elizabeth , Mentz-Coetzee Melody ,   University of Pretoria, Swanepoel Frans ,   University of Pretoria
Published: October 2024

The challenges inherent in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are interconnected and complex (United Nations, 2018). Overcoming these challenges requires adopting solutions that transcend conventional silo approaches and actively promote inclusivity (El-Jardali et al., 2018). However, these approaches are not the norm, and deliberate efforts are needed to disrupt traditional approaches to development. Research activities also need to adapt so that they are underpinned by capacity development, knowledge management, and partnerships of co-production, communication and coordination (Lamptey et al., 2024).
Participatory selection and ranking of farm-level sustainability indicators
Authors:   University of Pretoria, Haile Bereket Tsehaye , Dougill Andrew J. ,   University of Leeds, Ramoelo Abel ,   University of Pretoria
Published: October 2024

Measuring agricultural sustainability requires operational definitions and customised indicators, which should ideally be tailored to each country’s context and reflect the full participation of key stakeholders. BEREKET HAILE, ANDREW DOUGILL and ABEL RAMOELO report on their study in which farmers, extension workers and experts collectively drew up a comprehensive list of indicators from relevant literature that can be used to inform researchers worldwide in selecting pragmatic indicators for assessing agricultural sustainability.
Father Support, Postpartum Depression, and Breastfeeding Weaning Time: A Structural Equation Model
Authors: Iskandar Imelda , Syam Azniah
Published: October 2024

Background:  Fathers play a crucial role in family well-being beyond financial support, positively influencing the health of both mothers and infants through involvement in childcare, prenatal care, and emotional support during pregnancy and childbirth. However, research on the long-term effects of father involvement in during prenatal and its postpartum outcome, particularly in Indonesia, is limited.Purpose: This study aimed to measure the direct and indirect effects of father support throughout pregnancy on postpartum depression and breastfeeding weaning time, by considering potential mediating pathways and controlling for relevant sociodemographic variables.Methods: Prospective observational techniques were employed from January to July 2021, involving 648 consecutively selected mothers attending antenatal care in seven health clinics in Makassar. Data collection included meticulous adherence to protocols covering sociodemographic factors, father support, and breastfeeding weaning time. Father support was assessed with the Father Support During Pregnancy questionnaire, administered three times with a 72-hour interval. Postpartum depression was measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, while breastfeeding weaning time was quantified in weeks. Analysis included Spearman's correlation and SEM using SPSS and SPSS Amos.Result: The study identified negative correlations between maternal breastfeeding weaning time and postpartum depression (r=-0.183, p<0.01), and positive correlations with father support (r=0.148, p<0.01), parity (r=-0.269, p<0.01), and marital age (r=0.187, p<0.01). In the standardized model showed a marginal rise in the overall influence of father support, parity, and marital age on breastfeeding weaning time (0.256, 0.016, and 0.123, respectively). Father support emerged as the primary contributor to postpartum depression, inversely impacting breastfeeding duration. Higher father support correlated with lower maternal depression scores, and longer.Conclusion: This study highlights the role of father support in reducing the impact of postpartum depression on breastfeeding duration. Nurses can contribute by participating in interdisciplinary research and advocating for comprehensive assessment approaches.
Psychosocial Health of the Badjao People During COVID-19 in Jolo, Philippines: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Masong Zhendra T. , Pangandaman Hamdoni K.
Published: October 2024

Background: The Badjao, a nomadic maritime group in Southeast Asia, face heightened vulnerability during public health crises due to their reliance on maritime livelihoods, limited healthcare access, and historical marginalization—challenges exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. However, there is a significant research gap in understanding their unique needs and vulnerabilities especially its specific impacts on their health and well-being due to pandemic.Methods: This study explores the psychological and social health of the Badjao and the factors affecting theme during the COVID-19 pandemic using an exploratory qualitative design. Guided interviews were conducted through focus-group discussions with 10 purposively selected Badjao respondents from Barangay Bus-Bus, Jolo-Sulu, Philippines. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.Results: The study identified five key themes related to the psychosocial impact of COVID-19 on the Badjao community. These included Feelings and Apprehension, with anxiety over contracting the virus and financial instability; Responses to the Pandemic, marked by fear of death, job loss, and hospitalization concerns; Coping Mechanisms, where the community relied on traditional remedies, social support, and quarantine adherence; Social Status, highlighting food insecurity and disrupted social interactions; and Factors Influencing Psychosocial Health, focusing on the importance of support systems and access to accurate information and resources.Conclusion: The pandemic has significantly disrupted the social and economic stability of the Badjao community, exacerbating their existing vulnerabilities. They need a culturally sensitive interventions that address both their immediate and long-term needs. Collaboration with local government units and stakeholders are crucial in supporting the resilience and well-being of the Badjao in future crises.
Association Between Source of Social Support and Depression Among Nursing Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kurniawan Dedi , Fitriawan Akbar Satria , Setyaningsih Wiwit Ananda Wahyu , Wulandari Apri Nur , Wijoyo Eriyono Budi , Samutri Erni , Suparmanto Gatot , Achmad Bayu Fandhi , Retnaningsih Listyana Natalia , Sudiarti Putri Eka
Published: October 2024

Background: Nursing students have a higher risk of depression due to their already high academic burden, social isolation, pandemic loneliness, abrupt online learning, and financial difficulties during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. Although the disruption of social network patterns during the pandemic has been observed in previous studies, it is still not fully understood which source of social support is associated with depression among nursing students. Purpose: This study aimed to assess the correlations between sources of social support and depression among nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown.Methods: An online cross-sectional study was conducted between May-September 2021. Nursing students (n=734) from seven universities across four provinces in Indonesia were recruited as participants using convenience sampling methods. Data were obtained through online questionnaires consisting of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) to assess social support, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) to assess depression. Spearman-Rank correlation tests were used to examine the correlations between sources of social support and depression.    Results: Most of the nursing students (85.1%) were female with a mean age of 19.94 years (SD=1.42). Many nursing students (n=313; 42.6%) experienced depression. Most of the students (n=465; 63.4%) perceived high family support, moderate friends (n=415; 56.5%) and significant others' support (n=437; 59.5%). Of the three sources of social support (family, friends, and significant others), only family support had a significant inverse correlation with depression (Rho=-0.492, p<0.001).Conclusion: Family support had a significant inverse and moderate correlation with depression among nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our findings provided information to nursing educators to incorporate a strategy to maintain robust family support and regular depression assessments as part of the online learning curriculum. Therefore, it can be used to ameliorate depression among nursing students.
Prevalence of Persistent Post-Concussion Syndrome in Adults After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Suwaryo Putra Agina Widyaswara , Kadir Fairrul , Omar Azizan , Singh Sukhbeer Kaur Darsin
Published: October 2024

Background: The incidence of post-concussion syndrome (PCS) in post-traumatic brain injury patients continues to increase every year. Although mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) is one of the primary causes of death and disability worldwide, research on the prevalence of PCS after mTBI is still extremely limited. Previous studies have shown that approximately 10-15% of mTBI patients experience PCS, but these studies often have different methodologies and sample sizes.Purpose: This study aimed to determine and compare the prevalence of persistent post-concussion syndrome (PCS; >1 month post-injury) in patients with mTBI and those without PCS.Methods: This study employed a retrospective cohort design and analyzed patient data from hospital records between July and December 2022, yielding a sample of 112 participants with persistent post-concussion syndrome (PCS) following mTBI and 204 participants without PCS. Patients with complete medical record data and active health checks for one month after being treated were taken as research subjects. PCS measurement was conducted using the Rivermead Post Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire (RPQ).Results: The total number of mTBI patients was 112 patients with PCS (35.4%) with p<0.000. The occurrence of PCS was found to be most prevalent in the second month, with 49 patients (43.7%). Problems concentrating (37.5%), headache (30.3%), and memory problems (16.9%).Conclusions: The study found that 35.4% of patients with mTBI experienced persistent post-concussion syndrome (PCS) after one month. The occurrence of PCS was most prevalent in the second month, with 43.7% of patients experiencing it. The symptoms most commonly indicating PCS were problems concentrating, headache, and memory problems. These findings warrant better screening guidelines, and practices that patients adopt after mTBI.
Synthesis of a novel water-soluble pyridine dicarboxylate and its application in fluorescence cell imaging
Authors: Wei Zhengyou , Qi Yanan , Ji Qilin , Song Liujun , Yu Xiaofeng
Published: October 2024

A novel water-soluble substituted pyridine dicarboxylate containing a quaternary ammonium ion with potential applications in fluorescence cell imaging was synthesized and characterized. Remarkably, this compound exhibited water solubility in the absence of additional solubilizers, enabling direct dissolution in phosphate-buffered saline for cell studies. No obvious cytotoxicity was observed in 4T1 cells (mouse breast cancer cells) within the concentration range of 0.2–25 μmol L−1, with a cell survival rate above 89%. Furthermore, the compound exhibited a maximum two-photon absorption cross-section of 86 GM at an excitation wavelength of 780 nm, demonstrating high cell permeability, effective distribution in the cytoplasm, and preferential targeting of organelles. Single- and two-photon fluorescence imaging of cells revealed a distinctive blue emission and strong bright green emission, respectively. The newly synthesized substituted pyridine dicarboxylate exhibited low cytotoxicity and strong fluorescence imaging properties, demonstrating its potential in cell imaging applications.
A carefully planned resistance training program improves strength, fitness and depressive symptoms for a woman with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Hernandez Mario I , Devine Ansley B , Ramsey Joseph , Dow Emily , Johnston Carol S
Published: October 2024

Depression in type 2 diabetes (T2D) is estimated at 50% vs 18% among US adults, and markers of inflammation, which are tightly linked to hyperglycemia, are 5- to 50-fold higher in adults with T2D. Although lifestyle modifications are recommended for managing diabetes, resistance training (RT) is not commonly considered. This case report examined the practicality of implementing a structured RT protocol in a highly sedentary woman with T2D and depressive symptomology and assessed changes in strength, fitness, depression, and inflammation. The 59-year-old participant (body mass index: 38.1 kg/m2) was diagnosed in 2015. She had hypertension and bronchial asthma, was highly sedentary, and was clinically depressed based on validated measures: The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) questionnaire and the Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaire. She had quit smoking 6 months earlier. The estimated 1RM guided the exercise prescription that used progressive overload to improve strength and promote the accretion of lean body mass. All exercise sessions (~45 minutes duration; 3× weekly) were supervised by trained personnel. After 8 weeks, total strength improved 135%. Heart rate was reduced by 14%, and depression symptomology fell into normal ranges. Although RT improved strength, fitness, and depressive symptomology, RT did not improve HbA1c, HOMA-IR, or inflammation emphasizing the need for a comprehensive treatment strategy. Simple assessments can be performed to determine the fitness and mental health of individuals with T2D, and incorporating an exercise prescription to standard care to address these key health determinants will empower patients to actively engage in their health care.

Learning points

A progressive, individualized resistance training program is feasible and improves muscular strength, fitness level, and mental health in a high-risk individual with type 2 diabetes and multiple comorbidities.

Flexibility with resistance training prescription to adapt to patient’s needs and abilities contributes to exercise adherence and successful outcomes

Physical activity assessment and exercise prescription should be a part of standard care for patients with diabetes.
The lssue of Suprašl Monastery Confessional Subordination and Character at the beginning of the 16th Century
Authors: Kirkienė Genutė
Published: October 2024

In historiography, Suprasi Monastery (the administrative district of Grodno, currently Poland near Bialystok) is almost universally treated as the center of Orthodoxy of the GDL of the 16th century, and its founder Aleksandras Chodkevičius (Pol. Aleksandr Chodkiewicz) is unquestionably regarded as an Orthodox. However, in modern historiography (J. Maroszek) the foundation of Suprasi Monastery is considered within the context of the realization of the programme of the Church Union at the turn of the 15th/16th c. The hypothesis has been put forward (R. Černius) that apart from the project of the Church Union of Jonas Sapiega, the nobleman of the GDL (common house of prayers devoted to the rites of two confessions - Catholic and Orthodox), there was another project of the implementation of the Church Union of the GDL Metropolitan Juozapas Bulgarinovičius. It is the Church founded by Jonas Sapiega in Ikazn (the administrative district of Braclav, current Belarus) that fully corresponds to the model of the common house of prayer. It becomes obvious that such house of prayer, together with the community of Orthodox believers, is subordinate to the Catholic Bishop, rather than to the Orthodox Metropolitan, so the Orthodox believers as if lose their separate church and autonomy, which was left to them by the Union of Florence. Meanwhile, Metropolitan Bulgarinovičius sought to strictly adhere to the agreements of the Union of Florence—he proposed the model of the universal Church Union, where the primate of the Pope is recognized, however, a separate Orthodox Church of the Greek rites remains.
The fact of the foundation of Suprasi Monastery, which took place during the movement of the implementation of the programme of the Church Union, clearly showed the confessional orientation and direct relationship of Aleksandras Chodkevičius with Kiev Metropolitan Bulgarinovičius' programme of the renewal of the Church Union of Florence. All that determined Aleksandras Chodkevičius' decision to establish a monastery in his dominion, which remained „Orthodox" in a sense that it maintained formal relations with the metropolitan, though it gained considerable, legally substantiated autonomy. From the viewpoint of the Orthodox Church, this autonomy could mean that Suprasi was „open" to the Catholic Church, especially to the continuation of the informal local Church Union. In this case, the real confessional content of Suprasi is nothing but Catholicism of the Greek rites.
Search for the New Structural Model of Historical Knowledge. Rec.: Grigaravičiūtė S. Istorijos žinios ir jų struktūravimas. Vilnius: Vilniaus pedagoginio universiteto leidykla, 2006. 60 p.
Authors: Šermukšnytė Rūta
Published: October 2024

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Dynamics of mutal relations Lithuania and Czechoslovakia (1918-1939): new approach in history of Lithuania's diplomacy (About a Defence of Dalia Bukelevičiūtė Doctoral Thesis)
Authors: Grigaravičiūtė Sandra
Published: October 2024

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The periodisation of Lithuanian history in the context of social history
Authors: Bumblauskas Alfredas
Published: October 2024

The article reviews periodization models of Lithuanian history that are based on the history of politics and culture. A discussion about the periodization of the history of Lithuania is also renewed, and the insights into periodization that are considered to be up-and-coming are given in the article. In the 20th-century historiography of Lithuania, such insights are found in the works of famous historians Z. Ivinskis, J. Jurginis, and E. Gudavičius. Realizing the limitations of the history of politics and culture, attempts are made to formulate the appropriate assumptions for the creation of a periodization model of the development of Lithuanian society on the basis of the insights of the historians mentioned above and on certain theoretical principles of creation of periodization models related to the integral social German history. 
Such concepts, related to the political, cultural, and social history, as the Middle Ages, the Early New Ages, the Renaissance, Baroque, and the Age of Enlightenment are under discussion in the article, and the optimal approach to the periodization of the Early History of Lithuania (1009-1795) from the point of view of the history of society is being searched for. The article deals with the question of what is peculiar about the problems of periodization from the point of view of social history. Questions and arguments concerning the beginning of the Early New Ages in the history of Lithuania and the attitude towards Baroque as the civilization epoch of Lithuanian history help to ground the tripartite periodization of the Early History of Lithuania (1009-1795): the epoch of Paganism (1009-1387), the epoch of Europeanization (1387-1569), and the epoch of Baroque. Arguments of political, cultural, and economic development are regarded as basic in the article, and the development of Lithuanian society is viewed as an integral part of this periodization.
Sport and policy. German Sports organisations in Klaipėda region in 1923-1939
Authors: Jakubavičienė Ingrida
Published: October 2024

Since 1920 national European countries made their efforts to support their national policy and it caused problems among national minorities and they started actions in order to keep their national identity. In Klaipėda region there were over 65 thousand Germans. There they had a number of sport clubs and cultural, political, religious organizations. In 1923 Klaipėda region was appended to Lithuania but Germans never abandoned their revanchist sentiments to return the region to Germany. Since 1933 as Hitler came into power in Germany, Germans in Klaipėda started Nazi policy. The leaders of sports clubs were members of Nazi organizations and they started military training in the clubs, some sportsmen became shock troops. The German sport organizations showed a clear political support for National Socialism and Hitler's policy in Germany. In 1934 Nazi organizations in Klaipėda were closed and their leaders were imprisoned for illegal work, so the Germans decided to continue Nazi policy in legal organizations, such as sport clubs.
German sport clubs in Klaipėda had a big number of members (in 1931 - 28 clubs with 2199 members, in 1936 - 52 clubs with 2907 members, in 1938 - 75 clubs and more than 3000 members), a lot of various sport clubs, good material basis and financial support from Germany. German sport clubs wanted to stay apart from Lithuanian teams. German sportsmen competed only among their clubs or with clubs in Germany. The leaders of German sport organizations even refused to send German sportsmen to an international sport tournament to represent Lithuania. Such a behavior caused some conflicts between German sport clubs and Lithuanian authorities. Every effort of Lithuanian Palace of Physical Culture (Kūno kultūros rūmai) to make German clubs observe Lithuanian laws was unsuccessful. Every time the resistance of German sport clubs grew stronger. At the end of the conflict with Lithuanian authorities in 1938 the German leading sport organization „Sportbund" proclaimed its isolation from Lithuanian authorities.
In general German sport clubs in Klaipėda region since 1930s ignored Lithuanian sport clubs, refused to play and compete with Jewish sport clubs, and demonstrated chauvinism. In Lithuania there were about 30 thousand Germans, they had only two sport clubs: „K.S.K. Kultus" in Kaunas and „Sportverein" in Kybartai. Both were loyal to Lithuanian authorities and participated in Lithuanian competitions. These clubs were quite in a long distance from Klaipėda region, they had a small number of members and received neither political nor financial support from Germany.