bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aggregation-induced emission effect on turn-off fluorescent switching of a photochromic diarylethene
Authors: Kono Luna , Nakagawa Yuma , Fujimoto Ayako , Nishimura Ryo , Hattori Yohei , Mutai Toshiki , Yasuda Nobuhiro , Koizumi Kenichi , Yokojima Satoshi , Nakamura Shinichiro , Uchida Kingo
Published: September 2019

Background: Diarylethenes are well-known photochromic compounds, which undergo cyclization and cycloreversion reactions between open- and closed-ring isomers. Recently, diarylethene derivatives with photoswitchable fluorescent properties were prepared. They are applicable for fluorescence imaging including bio-imaging. On the other hand, a new system called “excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT)” is reported. In the system, absorption and emission bands are largely separated due to the proton transfer, hence it showed strong fluorescence even in the crystalline state. We aimed to construct the photochromic system incorporating the ESIPT mechanism.

Results: A diarylethene incorporating a fluorescent moiety that exhibit ESIPT behavior was prepared. The ESIPT is one of the examples which express the mechanisms of aggregation-induced emission (AIE). This compound emits orange fluorescence with a large Stokes shift derived from ESIPT in aprotic solvents such as THF or hexane, while it exhibits only a photochromic reaction in protic solvents such as methanol. In addition, it shows turn-off type fluorescence switching in an aprotic solvent and in crystals. The fluorescence is quenched as the content of closed-ring isomers increases upon UV light irradiation.

Conclusions: A diarylethene containing an ESIPT functional group was prepared. It showed fluorescent turn-off behavior during photochromism in aprotic solvents as well as in crystalline state upon UV light irradiation. Furthermore, it showed AIE in THF/water mixtures with blue-shift of the emission.
Information and Psychological Operations as a Challenge to Security and Defence
Authors: Vejvodová Petra
Published: September 2019

The article focuses on information and psychological operations as a challenge for the security and defence establishments of NATO member states. A conceptualisation of the terms 'information operations' and 'psychological operations' is discussed in the contexts of reshaping the war-and-peace dichotomy, and of resilience and deterrence. It is suggested that these terms suffer from a normative approach to the paradigm of war and peace, and to the use of non-military means. This may lead to the greater vulnerability of security and defence systems in confrontation with an adversary. Also, special attention is paid to the vulnerabilities of security and armed forces, being overlooked in concepts of resilience.
Analysis and model of Cyber security corps professional development
Authors: Františ Petr , Hodický Jan
Published: September 2019

The paper deals with the professional development of cyber security corps. In the introduction the individual elements that are active in cyber security are described. Strategic analysis of the education is carried out to define the initial state. The main part of the paper is devoted to the design of the education system. The individual elements are defined in the paper, and the model of relationships between these elements is shaped. The attachment contains complete set of topics and their classification into the strands to fulfil the profile of the cyber security expert.
Sodium Valproate versus Continuous Infusion of Haloperidol in Management of Agitated Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Khalil Ramadan , Soliman Mohamed , Omer Mohamed , Aziz Kamel Abdel , Hussein Khaled
Published: September 2019

AIM: Describe the efficacy and safety of valproate and haloperidol infusion in controlling agitation in the intensive care unit (ICU).
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prospective study on 100 critically ill patients with agitation in Kasralainy Hospital over the period from May 2016 to June 2017.patients were divided into two groups, each group included 50 patients, 1st group patients received Depakene orally, and 2nd group patients received haloperidol by i.v infusion for 72 h. Richmond agitation sedation score and doses of additional sedative drugs were noted and calculated daily in the first three days.
RESULTS: Our study showed that valproate was equal in efficacy in controlling agitation; decreasing the RAAS significantly after 48 h from initiation (2.52 ± 0.61 vs 0.28 ± 0.54 with p < 0.001) for Depakene and (2.6 ± 0.67 vs 0.34 ± 0.48 with p < 0.001) for haloperidol. There was also a decrease in the doses of additional sedative drugs used to control agitation (midazolam & propofol) after 48 h from drug initiation. Both drugs therapy was associated with decrease in heart rate (89 ± 20 vs 86.6 ± 13.6 with p = 0.002 for valproate and 99.8 ± 23.3 vs 91 ± 16.7 with p < 0.001 for haloperidol). They did not affect blood pressure. Haloperidol therapy was associated with significant QTc prolongation.
CONCLUSION: Valproate was equal in efficacy as haloperidol infusion in controlling agitation in ICU and decreasing the doses of additional sedative drugs used after 48 h from initiation.
Nonparametric Inference on State Dependence in Unemployment
Authors: Torgovitsky Alexander
Published: September 2019

This paper is about measuring state dependence in dynamic discrete outcomes. I develop a nonparametric dynamic potential outcomes (DPO) model and propose an array of parameters and identifying assumptions that can be considered in this model. I show how to construct sharp identified sets under combinations of identifying assumptions by using a flexible linear programming procedure. I apply the analysis to study state dependence in unemployment for working age high school educated men using an extract from the 2008 Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP). Using only nonparametric assumptions, I estimate that state dependence accounts for at least 30–40% of the four‐month persistence in unemployment among high school educated men.
Recursive Contracts
Authors: Marcet Albert , Marimon Ramon
Published: September 2019

We obtain a recursive formulation for a general class of optimization problems with
forward‐looking constraints which often arise in economic dynamic models, for example, in contracting problems with incentive constraints or in models of optimal policy. In this case, the solution does not satisfy the Bellman equation. Our approach consists of studying a recursive Lagrangian. Under standard general conditions, there is a recursive
saddle‐point functional equation (analogous to a Bellman equation) that characterizes a recursive solution to the planner's problem. The recursive formulation is obtained after adding a co‐state variable
μ

t
summarizing previous commitments reflected in past Lagrange multipliers. The continuation problem is obtained with
μ

t
playing the role of weights in the objective function. Our approach is applicable to characterizing and computing solutions to a large class of dynamic contracting problems.
La recuperación del palacio primitivo del Alcázar de Sevilla
Authors: Vargas Lorenzo Cristina
Published: September 2019

El conjunto monumental del Alcázar de Sevilla encierra aún hoy tras dos décadas de estudios arqueológicos innumerables incógnitas por resolver, si bien es cierto que las trazas fundamentales de su evolución y transformación han sido en lo sustancial localizadas. En el contexto de su investigación, el primer recinto, con su amurallamiento inicial y su primer gran palacio, ha concitado la mayor parte de nuestras investigaciones recientes, ya presentadas en diversos foros. Este trabajo es el fruto de un complejo proceso de análisis y rescate que durante 5 años se ha centrado en la recuperación del edificio fundacional del Alcázar, fechado en el siglo XI y oculto entre los restos de 9 viviendas que en la actualidad ocupan su antiguo espacio. Por un lado, mostramos aquí por vez primera el resultado de nuestras labores de recuperación de un palacio único, prototípico y hasta ahora oculto y, por otro, ponemos de manifiesto una vez más la coherencia del procedimiento de análisis, habitual en nuestro equipo, tanto en sus trazas estratégicas fundamentales como en la adecuada interacción arqueología-arquitectura, imprescindible para tal fin.
Lixiviación carbonato amoniacal: estimación del níquel disuelto en el efluente de destilación
Authors: Rojas Vargas Armando , Magaña Haynes María E. , Riverón Aymara R.
Published: September 2019

Se identificaron los factores que inciden en el incremento de la concentración del níquel disuelto en la suspensión de carbonato básico de níquel, de la tecnología de lixiviación de carbonato amoniacal. Se propuso un modelo estadístico para determinar el níquel en función de los factores: concentración de amoníaco, dióxido de carbono y azufre en la solución que alimenta a las columnas de la destilación, y el pH de la suspensión. El modelo se validó con antecedentes experimentales y una serie de ecuaciones del equilibrio termodinámico en el sistema Ni (II)-NH3-CO32--S2O32--SO42--H2O. Se obtuvo que a mayor relación de Ni/S y CO2/S, y menor de NH3/CO2, disminuye el níquel disuelto. Cuando la alcalinidad de la suspensión disminuye a pH inferior a 9, hay una tendencia al incremento de la concentración de níquel disuelto. El análisis permitió formular las posibles reacciones químicas involucradas en la lixiviación del carbonato que propician el incremento del níquel disuelto.
SWOT Analysis of Literature
Authors: Kosti Siddhartha , Kundu Jitender
Published: September 2019

This chapter deals with the implementation of the SWOT analysis during the literature survey. Implementation of SWOT analysis can help in identifying the strengths, weaknesses, and opportunities related to the topic/literature and can determine the subject applications, its scopes, and can also help in deciding the aims and objectives of the further study. After the identification of the weakness and opportunities, one can easily determine the research gaps. SWOT analysis can also help in deciding the methodologies, tools, and techniques to use for the solution of the problem. Different examples are considered to illustrate the application of SWOT in the literature analysis.
Reflections of the First Half Marathon in Preparation to Complete a Dissertation Using Q Methodology
Authors: Lyon Melissa Lynn
Published: September 2019

This chapter provides the perspective of a current Doctor of Education (Ed.D.) student in the dissertation phase of an Educational Leadership program at a historically Black university in the southeastern United States. The author reflects upon key stepping-stones along the journey that were impactful to her in hopes of inspiring other students. The chapter begins with the author's reflections on making the decision to apply and beginning the program. The author's reflections on navigating the journey includes developing support systems, overcoming internal blocks, and finding balance. The author also reflects upon the benefits and pitfalls of choosing to implement Q methodology, a non-traditional research methodology, in her dissertation. As the author continues the journey to completion of her program, she looks forward to the opportunities that the future may hold.
Now That You Have a Doctoral Degree, What's Next?
Authors: Davis C. E. , Reese-Durham Nancy F.
Published: September 2019

Your doctoral degree started as a thought and now you are finished. Just like running a marathon race, you are now ready to finish strong and move to the next level. How do you move on? What are the next steps? You certainly have the necessary knowledge based on the literature review included in your dissertation. Additionally, you honed your research skills during the dissertation writing process, and it is now time to branch out and broaden your scope and to make connections with others in academia. Making connections and developing new research ventures with others is one of the “next steps” that new doctoral completers find rewarding. This chapter provides some recommendations for professional development and your need for mentoring as you move forward.
Self-Perceived Health Status
Authors: Zangão Maria Otília
Published: September 2019

Perceived health status is central to adequate health planning, not only because it plays a key role in health but also because it is related to the adoption of a health-promoting lifestyle. The objectives of the present study were to assess the self-perceived health status of the studied population and to correlate self-perceived health status with socioeconomic and demographic variables. This was a quantitative descriptive-correlational study. Data were collected by means of a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Portuguese version of the Medical Outcome Study Short-Form Health Survey (MOS SF-36). The assessed population was composed of the teaching and nonteaching staff of the studied school. IBM® SPSS® statistical software, version 20, was used. The sociodemographic indicators had a significant influence on the respondents' self-perceived health status. The age group of 36-40 years was associated with a significantly higher self-perceived health status than the other analyzed variables.
Training Models for Formal Caregivers of Elderly Persons at Home
Authors: Nunes Lucília Mateus , Cerqueira Andreia Ferreri
Published: September 2019

The concern with the training models stems from our activity as teachers and researchers, recognizing the scenario of aging of the population, the need for policies and social and health responses, as well as the high relevance of training professionals to provide care for people in their homes and in the community. Thus, the authors organize the framework into topics that allow them to understand what underlies analysis and, of course, the proposals made at the end of the chapter. After presenting the national framework and a scooping review about what training models exist for professionals who provide care for the elderly at home, the authors discuss the findings and the lack of training models for professionals has become clear. So, supported by findings, they propose a training model, focusing in professional caregivers for elderly at home, and explore some trends related to technology support in the main objective of caring for and keeping the elderly persons in their homes, a kind of “caring-in-place” in a philosophy of aging-in-place.
Burnout Among Formal Caregivers and Risk of Violence Against Institutionalized Elderly
Authors: Valido Susana , Caldeira Ermelinda do Carmo , Mendes Felismina
Published: September 2019

Sociodemographic changes occurring in past decades are reflected as increased population aging, resulting in a higher need to institutionalize elderly. Violence against elderly is a relevant public health problem. The aims of the present cross-sectional exploratory and descriptive study with a quantitative approach were to analyze burnout among formal caregivers at institutions for elderly and to assess the risk of violence against institutionalized elderly. As a part of project ESACA—Envelhecer com Segurança no Alentejo (Prevenir as Quedas e a Violência sobre Idosos)—Compreender para Agir (Aging Safely in Alentejo [Preventing Falls and Violence against Elderly]), the present study analyzed 34 formal caregivers from three institutions that provide care to elderly in the Evora district, Portugal. No situations involving violence against institutionalized elderly were detected. Most participants (96.3%) did not exhibit burnout, although they did report feeling physically and emotionally tired.
Analysis of a Mobile Payment Scenario
Authors: Ramos de Luna Iviane , Montoro-Ríos Francisco , Martínez-Fiestas Myriam , Casado-Aranda Luis-Alberto
Published: September 2019

The objective of this chapter is to evaluate the scenario in which mobile payments are currently inserted to offer those interested in developing research in this area a broader understanding of the mobile payment ecosystem and its evolution. A study by Dahlberg, Guo, and Ondrus revealed that researchers are focusing on the same topics (especially consumer adoption and technological aspects) with a limited accumulation of foreground. Therefore, it is believed that the limited scientific literature regarding the history of mobile payment and its development in recent years surely makes it difficult to generate research on other perspectives. In this way, this chapter presents the general scenario of financial technologies, explaining how these changes completely changed the global economic scenario and gave rise to innovations in financial solutions for companies and consumers. The authors conclude the article by giving some recommendations for the diffusion of this payment system and for future investigations of mobile payment systems.
Times Have Changed, Don't Lose Business Because of “Sorry We Don't Accept Cards!”
Authors: Verkijika Silas
Published: September 2019

Over the past decade, many mobile payment systems have been introduced to facilitate the ease with which businesses and customers' process payments. For these mobile payment systems to succeed, merchant acceptance is of utmost importance as merchants play a central in the mobile payment value chain. As such, the main purpose of this chapter is to assess the determinants of merchant acceptance of mobile card payment systems using the technology-organization-environment (TOE) framework. The study made use of structural equation modeling to evaluate the hypothesized association in the proposed model. Using data from 259 small businesses in the South African retail sector, this study found that two technological (i.e., relative advantage and perceived cost), one organizational (i.e., top management support), and two environmental (i.e., competitive pressure and customer pressure) context factors were significant determinants of merchant acceptance of mobile card payment systems. The chapter culminates with a discussion of the implications of the findings.
Profiling Mobile Service Customers in the Spanish Market
Authors: Calvo-Porral Cristina
Published: September 2019

This research aims to examine whether different user groups exist in the mobile services industry and to profile and characterize them in order to provide management recommendations for mobile service companies. To examine the users' behavior in the mobile services sector, customer segmentation by means of factor analysis and k-means cluster analysis is developed with data from 443 mobile service users. Further, a Manova test is conducted to confirm differences among the obtained user segments. Mobile service customers cannot be seen as a homogenous group, since different customer profiles coexist in the mobile service industry. More specifically, four user clusters emerge from the research findings, namely “pragmatic uninvolved,” “satisfied savers,” “prone-to-switch” users, and “service mavens,” the “service mavens” being the most attractive segment for mobile service companies. A behavioral-based segmentation is developed to extend the understanding of customer behavior in the mobile services field.
An Application of Blockchain in Stock Market
Authors: Nair Rajit , Bhagat Amit
Published: September 2019

Blockchain is one of the growing technologies used for financial management systems. Financial data must be kept secure otherwise it can create a huge loss. So, whenever security features or technologies are developed must keep financial security as a priority. Stock market management is another area of finance sector that works on two concepts, that is, minimize the risk and maximize the profit. In this chapter, the authors discuss how blockchain technology is used for stock market analysis. Mainly blockchain will help us to make optimal stock exchanges through automation and decentralization. Stock market across the globe is rapidly using blockchain technology for the market transaction. Some of the country is still preparing themselves to use the blockchain technology. This technology offers huge potential for tracing securities lending, margin financing, and surveillance of system risk.
Talking Through the Design
Authors: Barrett Nichole M.
Published: September 2019

In this chapter the author details the experiences of one high school English language arts teacher, Mr. Jeremiah Johnson, and the literacy pedagogy he enacted in order to support students as they composed with digital video. The author will highlight the ways that a dialogic, design-based pedagogy gave students in an after-school film club the opportunity to explore digital design and navigate compositional challenges, all while retaining autonomy over their projects. The chapter adds to the scholarship by drawing attention to social literacy practices and process as transformational meaning-making opportunities for students that foreground individual identities and literacies.
Multimodal Information Literacy in Higher Education
Authors: Givens Marlee , Holdsworth Liz , Mi Ximin , Rascoe Fred , Valk Alison , Viars Karen E.
Published: September 2019

This chapter addresses technology in education, multimodal texts, and information literacy in a STEM research-focused university setting. Students produce multimodal content in first year composition classes, but composition instructors lack the skills required to teach students multimedia technology. Librarians respond to the needs of the faculty and students they support. Library instruction takes place within the composition class (course-integrated or “one-shot” instruction) or in a multimedia classroom at the library. The librarians bring technical skills as well as a grounding in information literacy, and their instruction increases students' written, sonic, visual and data literacy. As a result, students become more savvy content consumers as well as creators.
Examining Graduate Students' Cooperative Learning Experiences in an Online Reading Course
Authors: Arnold Jackie Marshall
Published: September 2019

This chapter examines one way in which students engage in learning literacy content in an online context utilizing cooperative learning pedagogy, a research-based, best-practice approach to learning. The online course was purposefully developed to integrate the elements of cooperative learning: positive interdependence, student interaction, individual accountability, use of interpersonal/ small group skills, and equal opportunity for success, as referenced papers show. Findings indicate that students had positive learning experiences when utilizing cooperative learning pedagogies in an online environment. Three significant themes emerged from the data analysis: students 1) clearly identified the importance of leadership in the course experience; 2) articulated their appreciation of learning from others; and 3) stated they had an enhanced learning experience through the cooperative learning structure. As more universities, high schools, and elementary schools seek additional options for students to learn online, they should consider cooperative learning as a highly viable option.
Designing for Purpose-Driven Technology Use Among Preservice English Teachers
Authors: Higgs Jennifer M.
Published: September 2019

This chapter reports on a case study of a 12-week technology course for preservice English language arts teachers in which the teacher educator attempted to shift away from tool-centric approaches by foregrounding purpose-driven tool use and project-based learning experiences. Findings from analyses of classroom, interview, and survey data suggested that specific design choices helped to promote purpose-driven technology use for literacy learning. These included the instructor's articulation and modeling of a “pedagogy first” stance that centered pedagogical reasons for digital tool use and affordances of digital tools, and the organization of a project-based learning environment that engaged preservice teachers in hands-on exploration of digitally mediated ELA learning through continual cycles of making, sharing, and reflecting on digital artifacts.
Review and Applications of Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence in Engineering
Authors: Yucel Melda , Bekdaş Gebrail , Nigdeli Sinan Melih
Published: September 2019

This chapter presents a summary review of development of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Definitions of AI are given with basic features. The development process of AI and machine learning is presented. The developments of applications from the past to today are mentioned and use of AI in different categories is given. Prediction applications using artificial neural network are given for engineering applications. Usage of AI methods to predict optimum results is the current trend and it will be more important in the future.
A Novel Prediction Perspective to the Bending Over Sheave Fatigue Lifetime of Steel Wire Ropes by Means of Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Onur Tuğba Özge , Onur Yusuf Aytaç
Published: September 2019

Steel wire ropes are frequently subjected to dynamic reciprocal bending movement over sheaves or drums in cranes, elevators, mine hoists, and aerial ropeways. This kind of movement initiates fatigue damage on the ropes. It is a quite significant case to know bending cycles to failure of rope in service which is also known as bending over sheave fatigue lifetime. It helps to take precaution in the plant in advance and eliminate catastrophic accidents due to usage of rope when allowable bending cycles are exceeded. To determine bending fatigue lifetime of ropes, experimental studies are conducted. However, bending over sheave fatigue testing in laboratory environments require high initial preparation cost and longer time to finalize the experiments. Due to those reasons, this chapter focuses on a novel prediction perspective to the bending over sheave fatigue lifetime of steel wire ropes by means of artificial neural networks.
Optimum Design of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Beams for Shear Capacity via Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Yucel Melda , Kayabekir Aylin Ece , Nigdeli Sinan Melih , Bekdaş Gebrail
Published: September 2019

In this chapter, an application for demonstrating prediction success and error performance of ensemble methods combined via various machine learning and artificial intelligence algorithms and techniques was performed. For this reason, two single method was selected and combination models with Bagging ensemble was constructed and operated in the direction optimum design of concrete beams covering with carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) by ensuring the determination of design variables. The first part was optimization problem and method composing from an advanced bio-inspired metaheuristic called Jaya algorithm. Machine learning prediction methods and their operation logics were detailed. Performance evaluations and error indicators were represented for prediction models. In the last part, performed prediction applications and created models were introduced. Also, obtained prediction success for main model generated with optimization results was utilized to determine the optimum predictions about test models.
Probe People and Vehicle-Based Data Sources Application in Smart Transportation
Authors: Dabiri Sina , Bakhsh Kelarestaghi Kaveh , Heaslip Kevin
Published: September 2019

Smart transportation is a framework that leverages the power of Information and Communication Technology for acquisition, management, and mining of traffic-related data sources. This chapter categorizes them into probe people and vehicles based on Global Positioning Systems, mobile phone cellular networks, and Bluetooth, location-based social networks, and transit data with the focus on smart cards. For each data source, the operational mechanism of the technology for capturing the data is succinctly demonstrated. Secondly, as the most salient feature of this study, the transport-domain applications of each data source that have been conducted by the previous studies are reviewed and classified into the main groups. Possible research directions are provided for all types of data sources. Finally, authors briefly mention challenges and their corresponding solutions in smart transportation.
Metaheuristics Approaches to Solve the Employee Bus Routing Problem With Clustering-Based Bus Stop Selection
Authors: Büyüksaatçı Kiriş Sinem , Özcan Tuncay
Published: September 2019

Vehicle routing problem (VRP) is a complex problem in the Operations Research topic. School bus routing (SBR) is one of the application areas of VRP. It is also possible to examine the employee bus routing problem in the direction of SBR problem. This chapter presents a case study with data taken from a retail company for capacitated employee bus routing problem. A mathematical model was developed based on minimizing the total bus route distance. The number and location of bus stops were determined using k-means and fuzzy c-means clustering algorithms. LINGO optimization software was utilized to solve the mathematical model. Then, due to NP-Hard nature of the bus routing problem, simulated annealing (SA) and genetic algorithm (GA)-based approaches were proposed to solve the real-world problem. Finally, the performances of the proposed approaches were evaluated by comparing with classical heuristics such as saving algorithm and nearest neighbor algorithm. The numerical results showed that the proposed GA-based approach with k-means performed better than other approaches.
An Assessment of Imbalanced Control Chart Pattern Recognition by Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Ünlü Ramazan
Published: September 2019

Manual detection of abnormality in control data is an annoying work which requires a specialized person. Automatic detection might be simpler and effective. Various methodologies such as ANN, SVM, Fuzzy Logic, etc. have been implemented into the control chart patterns to detect abnormal patterns in real time. In general, control chart data is imbalanced, meaning the rate of minority class (abnormal pattern) is much lower than the rate of normal class (normal pattern). To take this fact into consideration, authors implemented a weighting strategy in conjunction with ANN and investigated the performance of weighted ANN for several abnormal patterns, then compared its performance with regular ANN. This comparison is also made under different conditions, for example, abnormal and normal patterns are separable, partially separable, inseparable and the length of data is fixed as being 10,20, and 30 for each. Based on numerical results, weighting policy can better predict in some of the cases in terms of classifying samples belonging to minority class to the correct class.
A Research Design for the Examination of Political Empowerment Through Social Media
Authors: Johannessen Marius Rohde
Published: September 2019

The chapter presents a research design for examining social media use in political contexts, framed as the methodology community case study. The main difference from a traditional case study is that the focus is on online communities rather than single organizations. The chapter presents the case study methodology along with the individual methods that have been applied in community case studies: interviews, stakeholder analysis, the Delphi method, social network analysis (and other digital methods), document, and genre analysis. The chapter concludes by discussing possible types of insights gained through applying these methods, and presenting a few example findings from previous research. The design has been successfully applied in the author's PhD thesis and later work, and is presented here in the hope that it might provide aid and inspiration for graduate students facing similar research problems.
Identifying Influential Users in Twitter Networks of the Turkish Diaspora in Belgium, the Netherlands, and Germany
Authors: Giglou Roya Imani , d'Haenens Leen , Van Gorp Baldwin
Published: September 2019

This study investigates how members of the Turkish diaspora connected online using Twitter as a social medium during the Gezi Park protests and how those connections and the structure of the resulting Twitter network changed after the protests ended. Further, the authors examine respondents' online influence and their roles in the movement, using social network centrality measures and Tommasel and Godoy's (2015) novel metric. The authors utilize data from Twitter to determine the connections between 307 distinct users, using both online and offline surveys. The findings reveal that Turkish diaspora members' use of Twitter provided the impetus for larger structural changes to the Twitter network. Moreover, results indicate that users' influence was not related to the frequency of their re-tweets or the number of their Twitter followers. Rather, users' influence corresponds to other factors such as their ability to spread information and engage with other users and also to the importance of their Twitter content.
Anything New Under the Sun?
Authors: Neto Pedro Pereira , Lamy Claudia
Published: September 2019

The most recent technologies of production, transmission, and access to information have made it possible, under appropriate conditions, to change the visibility of national and international concerns, as well as the protest movements many helped stimulate. Different countries have been faced with a multiplicity of movements articulated online that surpass virtual world barriers and (re) assume presence on the streets. In this chapter, drawing from several examples with different claim bases, authors discuss virtual social networks' role in political participation. However, as it happens in so many initiatives in this field, this is not affirmed from an underestimation of the role of Traditional Means of Communication or that of the trenches in the access and use of digital means.
“Designing Optimal Valuation Model of Bank Stocks”
Authors: Soltani Saeed
Published: September 2019

The growth and diversification of investment and management property have development requirements, so achieving first place economically requires transfer of share of ownership from government to private sector. One of the major requirements of these operations is pricing of shares through stock exchange. The accurate and transparent assessment in assignment of stock value has great importance. So, it has been tried to design optimal model and then determine the bank stock value in public offerings. In this regard, the review of conventional models of stock valuation has been analyzed and the effect of functional variables and balance sheet on the value of bank stocks is investigated. In the statistical stage, the relevant tests have been accepted for 16 banks in Tehran Stock Exchange and Iranian OTC market on a three-year timeframe. The results of research lead to design and specify the optimal model for evaluating of Bank stock.
Understanding Individuals' Behavior Under Uncertainty
Authors: Duțu Amalia
Published: September 2019

An economic crisis is an uncertain situation with negative economic evolutions like unemployment, inflation rate increase, freezing or decreasing of the wages, purchasing power decrease, etc. All of these represent economic shocks. The individual well-being is determined by many things like level, secure income, job stability, health, social relationships, and economic household security. In order to understand How and Why people behave in certain patterns in such an uncertain situation, a comprehensive analysis of situational consequences should be considered. All of these dimensions of analysis are correlated in some way and explain the consumers' behavior alteration during turbulent times. History's crises showed surviving companies were those characterized by high-speed reaction, strategic flexibility and a very good understanding of market mood. Thus, this chapter explains the consumer's behavior change in recession conditions and the panic mechanism that shapes people reactions in such conditions.
Designing In-Store Atmosphere for a Holistic Customer Experience
Authors: Melia Monia , Caridà Angela
Published: September 2019

The chapter focuses on the design of the in-store atmosphere to create a holistic experience for customers. It investigates the Italian pharmaceutical context from the retailer's perspective to better understand how the new players (Health Corners into large retailers) and the traditional ones (pharmacies) manage the physical, social and sensorial dimension of the store to enable customers to live an immersive experience. The design of a successful in-store atmosphere is particularly critical in the pharmaceutical context as it reflects the increasing buying process complexity. Results reveal the key role of in-store communication activities to the creation of unique customer experiences. Furthermore, they emphasize how the management of the physical spaces, the creation of trustfully relationships and the stimulation of the customers' senses create a useful environment to positively affect the customers' cognitive, affective, emotional, social and physical responses to the retailer.
Retail Formats and Alternative Retail Formats
Authors: Borusiak Barbara
Published: September 2019

This chapter explains the mechanisms for the emergence of selected innovative formats based on existing format change theories. The nature of a retail format is explored and the classification both of retail formats and alternative retail formats are presented. Four groups of theories (cyclical, conflict, environmental, and integrated) explaining the emergence and evolution of retail formats are analysed. Retail formats theories are applied in explaining the emergence of two formats: pop-up store and m-commerce. The approach involved a review of literature and analysis of empirical data concerning the structure of the retail trade turnover in the chosen countries.
Information Security
Authors: Winsley Bright Brabin , Muthukannan M.
Published: September 2019

Scientometrics is the quantitative and qualitative evaluation of scientific literature. Information security is the art, science, and technique of securing the computer's systems, the data and information stored in computer systems, computer networks, and also the information security management. Information security is critical while designing an information system or an information service. Data related to information security research are downloaded from the Web of Science and analyzed for literature growth, top productive country, institution, and author, top funding agency, top contributing source title, and the area of research. This chapter reveals USA is the top contributing country while China is also making rapid strides in this field. Chinese funding agencies fund most of the research. However, English is the preferred language of communication.
Facilitating International Healthcare Experiences
Authors: Wietholter Jon P. , Coetzee Renier , Nardella Beth , Slain Douglas
Published: September 2019

International healthcare experiences (IHEs) provide opportunities for students to experience healthcare in unfamiliar and sometimes challenging settings. Students have reported multiple benefits through completion of IHEs including increased personal and professional development, increased cultural sensitivity, and increased self-awareness and self-confidence. While many benefits have been noted, there are also many challenges in developing, implementing, and sustaining IHEs including financial considerations, safety concerns, and apprehensions regarding the impact the IHE is having on foreign patients and healthcare workers. This chapter's aim is to summarize the currently available literature on IHEs and to provide subjective reflections from students and international colleagues associated with IHEs connected to the authors' institutions.
Towards a Culturally Reflective Practitioner
Authors: Vogt Karin
Published: September 2019

Since 2007, it has been possible for student teachers based in Europe to complete a teaching practicum at a school abroad, supported by the European flagship mobility programme ERASMUS. The focus of this study was on 35 undergraduate preservice teachers who completed a three-month teaching practicum placement in the UK and Ireland. Data from reflective reports was content analysed and completed with focus group discussions six months after the students' stay abroad. On the basis of the reflective reports, a case study was additionally collated that focussed on their intercultural learning development. The findings indicate an interconnection of linguistic, intercultural, and professional development with professional development as the most prominent and the intercultural development as a rather neglected one. Suggestions on how to design a formal instruction element based on the principles of cultural (peer) mentoring and guided cultural reflection as part of the teaching practice experience are outlined.
Development of an Enhanced Study Abroad Curriculum in Teacher Education
Authors: Kırkgöz Yasemin
Published: September 2019

This chapter describes the design of an enhanced innovative study abroad curriculum to be integrated into teacher education programs. The curriculum is based upon the results of in-depth interviews administered to teacher candidates and/or practicing teachers of English following their return from a study abroad program. It is designed to meet the needs of prospective study abroad student teachers of English and to address possible challenges that may result from their participation in such programs. The enhanced curriculum is comprised of 10 modules, each focusing on a different topic. Integrated into the enhanced curriculum are tasks and problem scenarios reflecting on the real experiences of the returned study abroad sojourners. It is expected that the curriculum will increase teacher educators' knowledge about the learning needs of prospective study abroad participants and enhance their awareness of the contribution(s) study abroad makes to create global citizens.
Efficient Solution for Load Balancing in Fog Computing Utilizing Artificial Bee Colony
Authors: Sharma Shivi , Saini Hemraj
Published: September 2019

Fog computing is a set of mobile cloudlets which can fulfil the demand of the user who is already considered a mobile job in this architecture. The main aim of Fog computing is to provide the user with an optimal solution which is quick and cost-efficient. This article focuses on a load balancing mechanism for cloudlets along with keeping the cost-effectiveness as an optimal selection parameter. This article utilizes the Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) in order to prioritize the user demand using a fitness function. This work evaluates quality of service (QoS) parameters such as schedule length runtime (SLR), schedule length vm ratio (SLVMR), energy consumed (EC) and energy consumption ratio (ECR) and shows the effectiveness of proposed work.
A Review on Time Series Motif Discovery Techniques an Application to ECG Signal Classification
Authors: Elangovan Ramanujam , Padmavathi S.
Published: September 2019

Cardiovascular disease diagnosis from an ECG signal plays an important and significant role in the health care system. Recently, numerous researchers have developed an automatic time series-based multi-step diagnosis system for the fast and accurate diagnosis of ECG abnormalities. The multi-step procedure involves ECG signal acquisition, signal pre-processing, feature extraction, and classification. Among which, the feature extraction plays a vital role in the field of accurate diagnosis. The features may be different types such as statistical, morphological, wavelet or any other signal-based approach. This article discusses various time series motif-based feature extraction techniques with respect to a different dimension of ECG signal.
Transformative Learning
Authors: Landry-Meyer Laura , Bae Su Yun , Zibbel John , Peet Susan , Wooldridge Deborah G.
Published: September 2019

The aim of this article is to connect transformative learning theory with the practice of teaching in higher education. Connecting theory to effective active learning pedagogy is good practice in teaching adults, andragogy. Using transformative learning theory as a guide, this article describes the historical evolution of transformative learning theory and describes specific application in higher education using Chickering and Gamson's principles of undergraduate education. The discussion of teaching and learning examples from face-to-face, online, service-learning, and short-term study abroad contexts provide the reader with concrete applications.
Strategies to Reorienting Higher Education Institutions Toward Lifelong Learning Higher Education Institutions in Thailand
Authors: Charungkaittikul Suwithida , Ratana-Ubol Archanya , Henschke John A.
Published: September 2019

The study proposes strategies to reorient higher education institutions toward lifelong learning to serve lifelong adult learners in Thailand. The Ethnographic Delphi Futures Research (EDFR) approach was used for data collection. Additional research instruments used were in-depth interviews, a questionnaire “Measurable Performance Indicators [MPI] for Lifelong Learning,” SWOT Analysis form, focus group discussions, and a strategic assessment form. The results revealed five national and seven institutional strategies with several sub-details for each strategy. Finally, the suggested strategies could help higher education institutions world-wide to strengthen the policies, processes, and change apparatuses.
Forecasting Automobile Sales in Turkey with Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Kaya Aycan , Kaya Gizem , Çebi Ferhan
Published: September 2019

This study aims to reveal significant factors which affect automobile sales and estimate the automobile sales in Turkey by using Artificial Neural Network (ANN), ARIMA, and time series decomposition techniques. The forecasting model includes automobile sales, automobile price, Euro and Dollar exchange rate, employment rate, consumer confidence index, oil prices and industrial production confidence index, the probability of buying an automobile, female employment rate, general economic situation, the expectation of general economic situation, financial status of households, expectation of financial status of households. According to the regression results, changes in Dollar exchange rate, the expectation of financial status of households, seasonally adjusted industrial production index, logarithmic form of automobile sales before-one-month which have a significant effect on automobile sales, are found to be the significant variables. The results show that ANN has a better estimation performance with MAPE=1.18% and RMSE=782 values than ARIMA and time series decomposition techniques.
An Evaluation on Carbon Footprint Indicators in Turkey Located Banks and Worldwide Banks
Authors: Yurtsever Özlem , Firat Seniye Umit
Published: September 2019

Global warming has become one of the most critical issues in the recent years. There is a great debate, centered on greenhouse gas emissions of countries, companies, and institutions. Not only the manufacturing sector but also service sector has begun to be questioned in terms of the need for controlling greenhouse gases. Thus, banks deserve an attention on the basis of sustainability and environmental impact. Besides the operational activities of this enormous sector, its investing and lending choices have considerable influence on sustainability. The carbon footprint measurement indicators have to be standardized in order to estimate the contributions of the banks in the global climate change precisely. In this study, carbon footprint measurement indicators, extracted from the sustainability reports and/or websites of the banks in Turkey are examined. The findings have been comparatively discussed with the measurements used by the international banks and addressed in the literature.