bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Different Etching Modes on Shear Bond Strength of Universal Adhesives to Enamel
Authors: Haider Nida , Nagpal Rajni , Singh Udai Pratap , Umar Madeha , Mehmood Nida
Published: January 2023

Aim: To evaluate the effect of different etching modes on the bonding efficacy of two universal adhesives to enamel.

Materials and method: The study was performed in fifty five extracted human molar teeth. For shear bond strength testing, flat buccal surfaces were prepared. Teeth were randomly divided into five experimental groups according to two universal adhesives Single Bond Universal (3M ESPE, U.S.A) and Tetric N-Bond Universal (IvoclarVivadent) used in different etching modes i.e etch-and-rinse and self-etch mode and one control group of etch & rinse adhesive (Adper Single bond-2). Teeth were mounted in self-cure acrylic resin and composite restorations were placed in all the samples after application of adhesives according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Ten samples from each group were subjected to shear bond strength evaluation. Additionally one sample per group was subjected to scanning electron microscopic analysis for observing resin-enamel interfacial adaptation.

Statistical analysis: Data collected was subjected to statistical analysis using one –way ANOVA and post-hoc tukey’s test at a significant level of p<0.05.

Results: Enamel bond strength was significantly better in etch-and-rinse mode than the self etch mode for both Single Bond Universal (gp 2 & 3; p=0.017) and Tetric N-Bond Universal adhesives (gp 4 & 5; p=0.046) respectively.

Conclusion: Phosphoric acid etching of enamel prior to the application of a mild universal adhesive is an advisable strategy for optimizing bonding.
Mechanical Properties Characterization of Jute Yarn Treated by Photo-curing with EG (Ethylene Glycol): Surface Treatment (KMnO4)
Authors: Choudhury T.R. , Mollah M.Z.I. , Khan M.A. , Ali P. , Chowdhury A.M.S. , Mostafa A.I.
Published: January 2023

Radiation-induced graft copolymerization is one of the most important methods to modify natural polymers. Jute (Corchorus capsularis) is an important natural fiber for its diversified application in eco-friendly environment. Jute is photografted with EG monomer to improve its characteristics. The different EG formulation was prepared in methanol along with 2% photoinitiator. The materials soaked in solution then radiation induced by UV processing. The highest mechanical properties of treated and untreated jute fibre like tensile strength (TS), elongation at break (Eb), and tensile modulus (Tm) were achieved with 5% EG concentration, 5 minutes soaking time and 4th pass of UV radiation intensities. The mechanical properties improvement of the jute yarns were increased at P? 0.05% on TS (2.4 MPa), Eb (1.8 MPa) and Tm (factor 2) and PL (17%) by the KMnO4. The additives urea (1% w/v) showed the best results Pl (20%), Tf (2.6) and Ef (2). Water absorption capacity of treated samples was much lower (59%) up to 20 min then stable compared to the untreated samples (70%) where absorbed up to 110 min. Weathering effect on jute yarn exhibited less loss of weight compared to control fibers. The 1R analysis revealed that EG has been grafted onto jute cellulose at the sites of -OH groups of the jute cellulose backbone. Monomer concentration; soaking time and radiation intensity were optimized with respect to mechanical properties. The remarkable changes of physico-mechanical properties were achieved by the experiment.
Synthesis of pH-Sensitive CMC /Chitosan Hydrogels by Gamma Irradiation
Authors: Kassem N.F. , Negm A.S. , Shukry N. , El-Kalyouby S.
Published: January 2023

Gamma irradiation was used with different dosages to prepare hydrogels from carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and chitosan (CHI) with different ratios, in presence of different methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) concentrations as a crosslinking agent. The hydrogels were characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy which confirmed complexation between carboxylic group in CMC and amino group in CHI. The swelling behavior in different buffers of different pH values was also studied. The results indicated the formation of network structure of pH-sensitive hydrogels. The CMC/CHI hydrogels were evaluated for the possible use in drug delivery field, in which the release profile of aspirin, as a drug model, was investigated. Scanning electron microscopy was carried out before and after aspirin release proving the drug release.
Dental Light-Cured Polymer Nanocomposites: A Brief Review of Experimental Results Obtained from the Study of Some Physicochemical Properties
Authors: Vouvoudi Evangelia C. , Sideridou Irini D.
Published: January 2023

This article is a brief review of the experimental results obtained from the study of some physicochemical properties of five dental commercial light-cured nanocomposites: Filtek Supreme XT Body (FSB) and Filtek Supreme XT Translucent (FST), both characterized as nanofill composites, and Grandio (GR), Tetric EvoCeram (TEC) and Protofill-nano (PR) characterized as nanohybrid composites. The properties presented are: volumetric shrinkage due to polymerization, sorption, solubility and volume increase after sorption of composites in water or artificial saliva SAGF® medium for 30 days, flexural strength and modulus after immersion in water or artificial saliva for one or 30 days and finally the dynamic mechanical properties (storage modulus E', loss modulus E'', tand=E''/E' and Tg) determined 1h after light-curing or after immersion in an oral/food simulating liquid (water, artificial saliva or ethanol/water solution 75%vol) for 1 month. It was found via physicochemical properties that the most corrosive solvent is EtOH which heavily affects the polymeric matrix, while water and saliva are smoother media. Moreover, the more rigid and concrete polymeric chains may sustain higher load during mechanical tests, so that the composites with stronger networks shall demonstrate resistance.
Realizing the Ideal Structure for Hybrid Photovoltaics by Directly Electrochemical Polymerizing Thiophene between ZnO Nanorods
Authors: Wang Fei , Liu Zhigang , Zhang Xiaofeng , Zhang Wenjia , Guo Weifeng , Lin Wenli , Chen Qi , Chen Zhijian
Published: January 2023

A method to realize the ideal structure for Organic Photovoltaics (OPVs) was reported. Vertical aligned zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods were hydro thermally grown on ITO or ITO/Poly(thiophene) (PTH) substrates as electron acceptor, and PTH was directly electrochemically polymerized between the ZnO nanorods as the electron donor. The interdigital structure between two semiconductors shall help the charge carriers to diffuse to electrodes much easier compared with disordered structures. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was used to verify the nearly 100% inserting of PTH into the ZnO nanorods gaps. The method may define a new way to obtain other ideal structures and improve the performance of organic solar cells.
MgAl2O4:Mn2+ Red-Emitting Phosphor: Influence of MgF2 Flux on the Microstructure and Luminescence Properties
Authors: Li Shan , Zhao Shu-Yu , Ye Tian-Nan , Wu Xue-Yan , Wang Kai-Xue , Wei Xiao , Chen Jie-Sheng
Published: January 2023

A serial of Mn ions doped MgAl2O4 phosphors, exhibiting only red light centred at 650 nm, have been prepared by a solid state reaction (SSR) with and without MgF2 flux. These phosphors have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements. EPR result demonstrates that Mn ions exist as +2 valence. The emission intensity of the phosphors varies with Mn2+ concentration. The addition of MgF2 flux to the reactants enhances the luminescence properties through elevating the crystallinity, regulating the morphology and particle size of the MgAl2O4:Mn2+ phosphor. The phosphor MgAl2O4:0.10%Mn2+ with 12 wt% MgF2 flux shows the best emission performance.
Optimization and Properties of Polylactic Acid (PLA) / Nypa Fruticans Husks (NFH) Biocomposite Films Via Central Composite Design (CCD) Method
Authors: Haiba Asma , Mohamad Rasidi Mohamad Syahmie , Haider Farg , Nasib Amira Mohd , Masa Abdulhakim , Omar Mohd Firdaus
Published: January 2023

Chemical treatment is one of the recognized methods that can be implemented to improve the overall performances of biocomposite materials. Unfortunately, trial and error methods were used to determine the optimal ratio between percentage of treatment agent and composite’s properties in the past. Hence, this research focuses on the optimization and validation of coupling agent percentage with properties of novel Polylactic Acid (PLA) / Nypa Fruticans Husks (NFH) biocomposite films via Central Composite Design (CCD) Method. Nypa Fruticans husks was grounded to obtain particulate form and mixed with Polylactic acid (PLA) using solvent casting method. Due to the different polarity between Nypa Fruticans Husks and Polylactic Acid, 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane was used to enhance the properties of the composite films. Central composite design (CCD) method was used to determine the optimized percentage of 3- Aminopropyltriethoxysilane and analysis of variance various (ANOVA) was performed to develop mathematical model to predict the tensile strength value in the range of factors in this research. Apart from that, the enzymatic biodegradation was also performed to investigate the composite’s degradation rate. It was found that, the incorporation of Nypa Fruticans Husks decreased the tensile strength and elongation at break, whereas the modulus of elasticity and degradation rate increased. However, composite films treated with 3% of 3-APE showed increment pattern in tensile strength and modulus of elasticity but decreased in elongation at break and degradation rate, respectively. The enhancement of the mechanical properties after treated with 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane was supported by the SEM micro-graphs and FTIR analysis.
Meteorological Conditions for the Variability of 7Be and 210Pb Concentrations in Surface Layer Air in Poland
Authors: Krajny Ewa , Osrodka Leszek , Wojtylak Marek
Published: January 2023

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of meteorological factors on the concentration of beryllium 7Be and lead 210Pb in the surface layer air on background their variability due to environmental conditions. Data analysis was carried out for 13 Polish stations for the period 2005-2009. The measurement cosmogenic and terrestrial radioactivity were collected on network station type ASS-500. The analysis includes the following meteorological elements from NWS stations: temperature, precipitation, atmospheric pressure, wind speed, humidity, solar radiation and in addition number of sunspots (SSN). It was considered that these meteorological elements mainly responsible for the transport and removal processes of 7Be and 210Pb from the atmosphere. The study method was used correlation analysis. Because of the relatively small area of Poland, it is hard to prove the dependence of 7Be activity concentration variability on the influence of such factors as geographical location or SSN. However, the activity concentration of 7Be and 210Pb are dependent on meteorological conditions. The inverse interaction of atmosphere stability conditions on 7Be and 210Pb allows one to use the 7Be/210Pb ratio as an indicator of vertical transport in the atmosphere.
Path Analysis for Soil Total Nitrogen in Relation to Selected Soil Properties in a Short-Term Flooding Wetland
Authors: Gao Zhaoqin , Bai Junhong , Ding Qiuyi , Liu Guihuan , Wang Junjing , Lu Qiongqiong , Zhao Qingqing
Published: January 2023

Soil samples were collected in a typical short-term flooding wetland with two dominate vegetation types (i.e., Phragmites australis and Suaeda salsa) of the Yellow River Delta of China. Path analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between soil nitrogen and selected 12 soil properties. Correlation analysis showed that soil total nitrogen was significantly correlated with total carbon, nitrate nitrogen, available phosphorous, total potassium, total sulfur and soil organic matter (P <0.01). Path analysis demonstrated that total carbon, nitrate nitrogen and soil organic matter had higher direct and indirect positive effects to total nitrogen, whereas bulk density and salt exhibited higher negative effects. Additionally, available phosphorous, total potassium, total sulfur exhibited indirect effects on total nitrogen through total carbon.
Influence of Biochar Particle Size and Shape on Soil Hydraulic Properties
Authors: Lim T. J. , Spokas K. A. , Feyereisen G. W. , Weis R. , Koskinen W. C.
Published: January 2023

Different physical and chemical properties of biochar, which is made out of a variety of biomass materials, can impact water movement through amended soil. The objective of this research was to develop a decision support tool evaluating the impact of the shape and the size distribution of biochar on soil saturated hydraulic conductivity (KSAT). Plastic beads of different size and morphology were compared with biochar to assess impacts on soil KSAT. Bead and biochar at the rate of were 5% (v/w) were added to a coarse sand. The particle size of bead and biochar had an effect on the KSAT, with larger and smaller particle sizes than the original sand grains (0.5mm) decreasing the KSAT value. The equivalent size bead or biochar to the sand grains had no impact on KSAT. The amendment shape also influenced soil hydraulic properties, but only when the particle size was between 3-6mm. Intra-particle porosity had no significant influence on the KSAT due to its small pore size and increased tortuosity compared to the inter-particle spaces (macro-porosity). The results support the conclusion that both particle size and shape of the biochar amendment will impact the KSAT value.
Urban Land Surface Temperature and Vegetation Correlation in the Kumasi Metropolis
Authors: Adanu Selase Kofi , Amponsem Eunice , Adanu Mawufemor Yao
Published: January 2023

Urban heat is considered as a worrying issue in cities because of the unbearable feelings associated with heat especially on sunny days. Urban heat is not as a result of any one time event but a chain of processes associated with land use activities such as infrastructure development that replaces the green vegetation. This paper investigated how land surface temperature has changed in the Kumasi Metropolis in 10 years from an environment of low temperature to much warmer land surface temperature due to the loss of trees in the city. The objectives of the study were to assess the extent of Land Surface Temperature (LST) in the metropolis, determine the kind of correlation that exist between Land Surface Temperate and vegetation health and examine the extent to which vegetation has influenced the city temperature. Multiple methods were used to calculate Land Surface Temperature (LST) such as converting the digital numbers of Landsat 2009, 2015 and 2019 images to radiance, top of brightness temperature and at-sensor brightness temperature using the Plank’s inverse function. NDVI analysis was done by subtracting the near infrared bands from the red band, divided by addition of the near infrared band to the red Band. Study results showed a linear increase in LST from an average of about 18°C to 31°C. The NDVI result showed decline in vegetation cover as such the correlation analysis was a negative correlation showing places of high temperature had minimal vegetation cover while places of low temperature had more vegetation cover.
Rotation of the Polarization Plane of Light Via Use of the DNA-Based Structures for Innovative Medical Devices
Authors: Kamanina Natalia V. , Likhomanova Svetlana V. , Studeonov Vladislav I. , Rau Ileana , Dibla Anca , Pawlicka Agnieszka
Published: January 2023

It is well known that in the biomedicine the people use sugar meter instruments to test the level of the sugar in the blood. The physical effect activated in these types of the devices is coincided with the mechanism of the rotation of the polarization plane of the light. Generally, in order to operate with an active media responsible for the rotation of the light polarization plane one can use classical ~10% sugar-water solution. In the current paper the innovative approach has been shown to apply the DNA-based structures in order to activate the optical effect regarding the rotation of the polarization plane of the light.
Wall Elasticity Effects on Carotid Hemodynamics and LDL Mass Transport; a Computational Approach
Authors: Khakpour Shahab , Shahidian Azadeh , Ghassemi Majid
Published: January 2023

Cardiovascular diseases takes many lives yearly, whereas atherosclerosis is on the top. Carotid atherosclerosis disease considered as a multi-aspects disease and only by considering all of its aspects, a comprehensive insight can be achieved. It seems that wall motion has great effects on arterial hemodynamics and Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL)mass transport and concentration while LDL concentration is believed to be highly associated with atherosclerosis plaque formation. The primary goal of this study is to investigate the wall elasticity effects on carotid hemodynamics and LDL mass transport through carotid artery bifurcation as a challenging case due to its geometry and location. The blood is modeled as Carreau fluid which is considered as a well-behavior model for blood. A pulsatile speed profile applied as the inlet boundary and two-ways Fluid Structure Interaction (FSI) transient analysis is performed to achieve more accurate. In order to investigate wall elasticity effects, the carotid bifurcation modeled as solid, linear elastic and hyperelastic (Mooney-Rivlin). As the high LDL concentration can be considered as atherogenes is region indicator, therefore, it is used as the criterion for assessing the different arterial wall assumption. The wall elasticity effects on the hemodynamics are presented in three-time steps; early systole, end systole and end diastole. Results show that linear elastic and hyperelastic models predict very alike flow pattern however wall deformation and behavior are totally different. Results indicatet hat solid wall assumption is not appropriate for large and complicated arteries such as carotid bifurcation. Hyperelastic model (Mooney-Rivlin) seems more relevant and one the second place, the linear wall elastic model may be a good choice.
A Comparative Study of Water Dispersible Orange-Emitting Mn-Doped ZnSe/ZnS and CdTe/CdS Core/Shell Quantum Dots
Authors: Aboulaich Abdelhay , Merlin Christophe , Schneider Raphael
Published: January 2023

3-Mercaptopropionic acid (MPA)-capped Mn-doped ZnSe/ZnS and CdTe/CdS core/shell quantum dots (QDs) were prepared via a mild aqueous phase process. The synthesis conditions were adjusted to yield QDs with roughly similar nanocrystal average diameter and light emission wavelengths. X-ray powder diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and spectrofluorometry have been used to characterize the crystal structure and optical properties of the as-prepared QDs. Growth inhibition tests using E. coli bacterial cells were also carried out to assess the cytotoxicity of the dots and showed that core/shell ZnSe:Mn/ZnS@MPA QDs do not exhibit any cytotoxicity against E. coli cells up to a concentration of 14 µM while at this concentration CdTe/CdS@MPA core/shell QDs exert a severely more pronounced cytotoxicity. These results indicate that the cytotoxicity is likely associated to the presence of Cd in the chemical composition of CdTe/CdS@MPA QDs and that ZnSe:Mn/ZnS@MPA nanocrystals are safer and could be used as biological probes for cells and tissues imaging.
Towards Phenotyping Suppressed Anger in Perimenopausal Women with Lyfas Biomedical Application: A Comprehensive Diagnostic Reliability Study
Authors: Chattopadhyay Subhagata , Das Rupam
Published: January 2023

Biomedical applications are gaining popularity in decoding human emotion. Anger causes sympathetic overdrive and is a normal emotion, which is either expressed or kept suppressed. Suppressed anger (SA) is a major health issue often causing serious cardiometabolic and mental diseases due to cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN), where the sympathovagal homeostasis is compromised to compensate for it. Lyfas is a smartphone-based biomedical application that captures CAN through short (120 sec) heart rate variability (HRV) and its associated cardiovascular optical biomarkers (COBs). This paper attempts to diagnose SA with the help of Lyfas COBs and a few important physical parameters in a cohort of Indian perimenopausal women (N=415; case 205 and control 210), who suffer from mood dysregulation due to the depletion of natural estradiol (E2) in the brain. The clinical Anger Scale (CAS), a gold-standard anger assessment tool is taken into consideration as a reference scale. The strength of correlations of each COB and physical parameter with CAS and its reliability is calculated using Spearman’s correlation and Bland-Altman’s reliability assessment, respectively. The paper concludes that COBs such as SDNN, RMSSD, and LF/HF along with physical parameters (BMI) are hallmark biomarkers for SA phenotypes with 71% of accuracy, 74% of j-statistics, as well as 92% of precision. Early diagnosis of SA with Lyfas would facilitate early treatment, and thereby improve the quality of life.
Is Alpha-Fetoprotein a New Biomarker for Fetal, Infant and Juvenile Anemia? A Commentary
Authors: Mizejewski Gerald J.
Published: January 2023

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is well known as a biomarker for certain cancers and fetal birth defects. However, AFP has long been overlooked as an indicator for the presence of anemia in various diseases of fetal, neonatal, and juvenile individuals. A survey and meta-analysis of the biomedical literature revealed that elevated levels of serum AFP may serve as a viable biomarker of moderate to severe anemia at various stages of ontogeny. Such conditions of anemia could include bone marrow failure, pancytopenia, macrocytosis, microcytosis, and aplastic anemia. Since many congenital diseases that result in anemia are progressive and lethal, the need for a biomarker that could predict and parallel the advancing anemic state in disease would be of utmost importance to the biomedical community.
Resistance Studies, in vitro Model, of Myeloid Leukemia Cell Lines HL-60 Against Thymoquinone and Doxorubicin in the Presence of Type I Collagena
Authors: Ghali Rabeb , Mahjoub Sana , Bahia Wael , Chaieb Vera , Achour Bechir , Janhani Faouzi , Mahjoub Touhami
Published: January 2023

Purpose: The prognostic of Acute leukemia is cell drug resistance dependent, which is principal cause of death. The bone marrow microenvironment is directly implicated as source of chemio resistance. Several researchers have studied in vivo and vitro the effect of the bioactive molecules such as the Thymoquinone (TQ) on cancers chemo resistant. The aim of this study is to compare the activities of Thymoquinone to Doxorubicin on presence and on absence of collagen type I, which is the major component of cell extra matrix (CEM).
Methods: Cell line HL60 resistance against Doxorubicin and Thymoquinone was tested on presence and on absence Type I collagen at concentration 25, 50 and 100 µg /cm2 TQ and Dox cytototoxicities was evaluated with counting using KOVA Glasstic Slide and phase contrast microscopy. HL-60 cells were seeded at 10 cells/well for 24h in the presence or not of collagen and treated or not with 200nM of Dox or 10 µM of TQ. After incubation, apoptosis was determined using Annex V and Dead Cell Assay kit (Millipore) and Caspase 3/7 Assay kit (Millipore).
Results: cell line HL60 proliferation is more resistance against Doxorubicin in presence Type I collagen than Thymoquinone.
Conclusion: Collagen induce cell HL60 resistance against Doxorubicin, But not against Thymoquinone. Combination Thymoquinone, bioactive molecule, to Doxorubicin can decrease the drug resistance and improve leukemia prognostic.
Immune and Hematological Reconstitution after Allogenic Bone Marrow Transplantation in Tunisian Pediatric Recipients: Prospective Study and Tunisian Experience Report
Authors: Jenhani F. , Regaya Z. , Berraies L. , Mellouli F.
Published: January 2023

AIM: A regular monitoring of the immune reconstitution mainly based on the quantitative determination of lymphocyte T subpopulation. This is prospective analysis for 1 year in Tunisian children treated with allogenic intrafamilial bone marrow transplantation.
Methods: We conducted a prospective analysis for 1 year follow up enrolling 25 children treated with allogenic intrafamilial bone marrow transplantation among them two cases of Peripheral hematopoietic transplantation and placental cord blood transplantation including: aplastic anemia (6 cases), hemoglobinopathies (12 cases), myelodysplastic syndrome (1 case), 2 cases of Acute lymphocytic leukemia, a case of congenital amegacarycytosis and 3 cases of primary immunodeficiency with lack of expression of major MHC class II. All subjects received different conditioning regimens according to the indication. Our study consisted of a regular monitoring of the immune reconstitution mainly based on the quantitative determination of lymphocyte T subpopulation. So, these tests were routinely requested to 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months and 12 months post- bone marrow transplantation.
Results: The average time of engraftment was 18 days corresponding to neutrophil recovery (12-24). For the T cell recovery, a rate of CD4 + T lymphocytes > 200/ mm3 was provided within an average of 2.5 months (1-7). The average time to obtain CD8+ T lymphocytes >200 /mm3 was 2 months (1-5). The humoral immune reconstitution was made within an average of 2 months (1-4). A ratio of CD4+ / CD8+ T lymphocytes (>1) was obtained within 10 months and a half (1-24). Univaried analysis showed a significant correlation between the bone marrow sex matched and the faster reorganization of CD8 + T cells (p = 0.042). Moreover, a quantity of CD34 +> 6x 106/ kg was significantly associated with the recapture of a formula lymphocyte T CD4+ / CD8+ (> 1) (p=0.03).
Conclusion: The immune recovery post bone marrow transplantation in children began with myeloid lineage then lymphoid B then lymphoid T. The inversion of the ratio CD4 +/CD8+ T lymphocytes, seemed to be influenced on the one hand by the high content of CD34 + cells in the graft as well as the type of conditioning on the other hand by the CMV infection since it accelerates significantly CD8+ T lymphocyte reconstitution.
Hepatitis B Infection in Pregnancy-Experience at a Tertiary Care Centre of North India
Authors: Malhotra Vani , Malhotra Parveen , Bhuriya Vandana , Pahuja Isha , Nanda Smiti , Chauhan Meenakshi , Sangwan Neetu
Published: January 2023

Objectives: To investigate the Seroprevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen in pregnant women and managing chronic HBV infection in pregnant women for preventing mother to child transmission.
Methods: Fifteen thousand pregnant women were evaluated using history, examination and test for serum HbsAg and who were found to be HbsAg positive underwent liver function tests, HbeAg and HBV DNA analysis by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR).
Results: out of fifteen thousand (15000) women, 52 women tested positive for HbsAg. Of these, 8(15.38%) presented with acute hepatitis and 44(84.6%) were asymptomatic carriers. The highest HbsAg positivity was seen in age group of 20-25 years and maximum women were multiparous (67.23%). Assessment of risk factors revealed history of tattooing in 22 women (42.3%). Out of 52 women, 12 patients tested positive for HbeAg and their DNA tires were more than one Lakh copies/ml. Forty six women(88.4%) delivered vaginally and rest 6(11.5%) underwent cesarean section which was mainly done for obstetric indications. All the babies born received immunoglobulin and first dose of HBV vaccine within 12 hours of birth.
Conclusion: Seroprevalence of HbsAg in antenatal women was found to be 0.34%.
Skeletal Involvement in Multiple Myeloma: The Radiological Point of View
Authors: Cicero Giuseppe
Published: January 2023

Multiple myeloma is one of the most common hematologic malignancies.
Bone marrow is typically involved and characterization of osseous lesions, in terms of number, size and localization, is necessary for disease staging and post-treatment assessment.
Different imaging modalities can be performed in multiple myeloma evaluation, with a consequential number of information achievable.
The aim of this work is to provide a general overview of multiple myeloma radiological findings detectable at X-ray, CT-scan and MRI, with relative advantages and drawbacks for each technique.
Severe Bacterial and Plasmodium Falciparum Infections in Febrile Children with Sickle Cell Disease Receiving Organized Specialty Care in a Referral Center in Sub-Saharan Africa: lessons for Clinical Practice
Authors: Diallo Dapa A , Baraïka Mohamed Ag , Guindo Aldiouma , Kéita Ibrahim , Charrel Remi , Coulibaly Mody , Kanta Mariam , Traoré Assétou , Sarro Yaya S , Touré Boubacari A , Tessougué Oumarou , Guindo Pierre , Badiaga Youssouf , Dembélé Abdoul Karim , Diabaté Drissa , Raoult Didier
Published: January 2023

The burden of severe bacterial and malaria infections in children with SCD has been reduced through the use of prophylactic antibiotics and chemoprevention with Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine. However, such therapies have the potential to promote bacterial and parasitic resistance. To our knowledge, no study has been conducted to determine whether systematic use of prophylactic antimicrobials in children with SCD has an impact on resistance patterns in sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of our study was to determine the incidence and the outcome of severe bacterial and P. falciparum infections in this context. 231 children with SCD and new onset fever associated with either acute pneumonia, urinary tract infection, cholecystitis, meningitis, acute osteomyelitis, or P. falciparum infections were entered into the study. The children in the cohort were an average age of 93 months (± 44 months) and were all followed in a referral center in Western Africa. The 231 children represented 36.67% of the patients regularly followed in the center during the study period and included 183 SS, 26 SC, 12 S?°thal, 10 S?+thal. There were 144 boys and 87 girls in the cohort. The incidence of severe bacterial and Plasmodium falciparum infections were lower than those reported in the general pediatric or sickle cell population in the absence of regular follow-up (ie 5.2, 1.4, 1.0 and, 4.1 per 1000 person/month for urinary tract infections, acute pneumonia, bacteremia and P. falciparum malaria respectively). We observed bacterial strains to be mainly in the Enterobacteria family with high levels of antibiotic resistance. No cases of Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteremia were found. Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance was observed at high levels. In light of these findings, prophylactic antibiotherapy and antimalarial chemoprevention guidelines in sickle-cell children should be revisited in the context of organized SCD care in sub-Saharan Africa.
The Use of Hydroxyurea During Pregnancy in Sickle Cell Anemia Women: A Case Series and Literature Review
Authors: Silva Flávia Anchielle Carvalho , Ferreira Ana Laura Carneiro Gomes , Pimentel Luisa Martins , Maciel Lyra Carlos Henrique Monteiro , Hazin-Costa Manuela Freire , Guerra Glaucia Lins , Araújo Aderson Silva , Souza Ariani Impieri
Published: January 2023

Hydroxyurea (HU) has been an effective treatment for sickle cell anemia (SCA) by inducing fetal hemoglobin production as well as reducing the rate of painful crisis. The use of HU during pregnancy still has been a concerned situation due to the risk of malformation, but there is already a proposal for the possibility of the use, even during pregnancy, depending on the situation of the disease. On the other side, the potential of HU for mutagenesis and teratogenesis in humans has not been confirmed yet. This case series describe the perinatal outcomes on women at a Women's Care Center in Recife, Brazil. Women used HU early in their pregnancies and no record of malformation was report. Our sample was composed of 13 SCA women using HU just before or during pregnancy. Of these women, 4 had gotten pregnant twice by using HU and for this we have analyzed a total of 17 cases. There were no reports on malformation in any of these cases. In the literature review, we found seven studies on the use of HU in pregnancy and only one of these studies reported malformation in a fetus. We concluded that HU usage and teratogenic effects has not been confirmed in humans yet and suggested to await results of well-controlled studies to define the use of HU as a treatment for vasooculsive crises during pregnancy. Thus, we consider that this publication could be added to other cases in which have been already published where fetal malformation has not been registered yet.
Maternal Educational Practices: Difficulties in Early and Middle Childhood
Authors: Reis Aline Henriques , Daolio Carla Cristina , Neufeld Carmem Beatriz
Published: January 2023

The family is the system that most influences a child’s development throughout different phases. The perceptions of parents about skills, abilities, and characteristics of each developmental stage influence the way they will behave with their children. Objectives: To identify the main difficulties found by mothers in the education/upbringing of children in early childhood (3-6 years) and middle childhood (6-12 years). Method: Participants were 120 mothers (two groups of 60 mothers for each age range), mostly married, ranging in age from 30.4 to 36.5 years, who completed a self-administered questionnaire containing essay and multiple-choice questions about data on characterization of the sample and maternal difficulties in dealing with their children according to the child’s stage of development. Participants completed the questionnaires at home or in schools. Results: More than 75% of mothers live with their child’s father, and more than 78% of these fathers help in child-rearing activities. Mothers spent an average of more than 4 hours a day with their children. Major difficulties of mothers of children in early childhood: putting toys away (63.3%), obedience to maternal commands (46.7%), sleeping on schedule (43.3%), eating an adequate diet (40%). Major difficulties of mothers of children in middle childhood: eating an adequate diet (43.3%), sleeping on schedule (41.7%), putting toys away (38.3%), and obedience to maternal commands (36.7%). Conclusion: The data show an increasing difficulty by mothers in getting children to do their homework and to learn school content as the child’s age advances. Common difficulties are centered on the establishment of a routine and obedience.
Psychometric Properties of the Turkish Version of the Ego-Resiliency Scale (ER-TR): Reliability and Validity Evidence from Turkish Earthquake Survivors
Authors: Karairmak Özlem
Published: January 2023

In the present study, the psychometric properties of the Ego-Resiliency Scale were examined. Two different samples were utilized. First, a total of 363 earthquake survivors and 496 undergraduate students participated the study. In order to provide evidence of construct validity both confirmatory factor and exploratory factor analyses were conducted on the ego-resiliency scores. Forty seven percent of the total variance was explained by three factors. Confirmatory factory analyses provides supplementary evidence for the multidimensionality of the scale. The Turkish version of the Ego-Resiliency scale is a valid and reliable measure to use in quantifying resilience.
The Visually Impaired and how they Cope with Loneliness
Authors: Rokach Ami , Rose Alison , Berman David
Published: January 2023

Loneliness has been termed a social epidemic, especially when experienced by people with sight challenges. The present study compared how the sight challenged and the blind cope with loneliness, compared to the general population groups, amongst a total of 187 participants. The questionnaire which we used, included 34-items to which a yes/no response was requested, and assessed the various ways that people cope effectively with loneliness. The questionnaire included six subscales of coping strategies, namely, Reflection and acceptance, Self-development and understanding, Social support network, Distancing and denial, Religion faith, and increased activity. As expected, the two populations differed significantly in their subscale scores, with the visually challenged scoring higher than the general population, on Self-development and understanding and the Religion and faith subscales. Interpretation of these results and their implications are discussed in further detail.
Pyrolytic Preparation of Active Carbons from Peanut Shell Biomass for Adsorptive Elimination of Fluoride from Groundwater of Shekhawati Region
Authors: Choudhary Anurag , Kadawasara Anurag , Poonia Sardar Singh , kumar Praveen , Janu Vikash K
Published: January 2023

Groundwater toxicants such as fluoride and nitrate are well known for their detrimental effects on human and animal health worldwide. Agricultural waste biomass is available in abundance in rural areas with much capacity to produce porous biochar by simple, environmentally friendly and cost-effective methods. In the study, Peanut shell biomass was used to prepare active carbons by a simple, facile pyrolytic method and demonstrated for adsorption of fluoride ions from groundwater collected from Shekhawati region of Rajasthan, India. The amorphous porous activated carbon, PSAC, was made using a pyrolytic method at a maximum temperature of 550 °C with alkaline stimulation and nitrogen flow (SBET = 479.569 m2/g, Vmicro = 0.124 cm3/g). Varied spectrometric gears includes XRD, FTIR, SEM, EDX, BET and pHzpc were equipped to characterize the prepared material. A batch experiment study was performed in investigate different adsorption parameters, adsorption isotherms and kinetic studies. The adsorption investigation shows that the PSAC effectively removed fluoride from aqueous solution, with sorption potential of 7.75 mg/gm capacity and 80 percent removal effectiveness. Adsorption isotherms study showed that Freundlich isotherm was best fitted with equilibrium study with linear regression of 0.993. To evaluate the pseudo-first and pseudo-second-order, as well as intra-particle diffusion concept, kinetic data were examined. Adsorption was followed by a pseudo-second order process, according to a kinetics investigation. Thus, it was expected that the research will increase and improve the economic utilization of peanut shell biomass for water purification.
Synthesis, Characterization and Solvent Effect on the Absorption of Carbanionic Sigma Complex
Authors: Rengasamy Malarvizhi , Muthukumar Bhavya
Published: January 2023

The structure analysis proves that a new type of carbanionic sigma complex using CNBFz, substituted barbituric acid, and amine-containing heterocyclic nitrogen atom yielded new carbanionic sigma complex with lengthened chromophoric entities (proved through spectral studies) in the pure form and the yield of the product is appreciably high (70-80%). The expected structure of the carbanionic sigma complex of the current work is evidenced through FT-IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR. The extended conjugation has led to considerable solvatochromic effect and fluorescent behavior.
Concurrent Discriminative Emission Intensity Quantification of Fexofenadine hydrochloride and Montelukast Sodium
Authors: Anumolu Panikumar Durga , Shakar Pulusu Veera , Tulasi Jampana Rama , Soujanya Chaganti , Afreen Syed Sara , Ashok Gorja
Published: January 2023

The synergistic effect of Fexofenadine Hydrochloride an anti-histamine agent and Montelukast Sodium in treating allergies by antagonizing histamine and leukotriene prompted their use as effctive fixed dosage form combination. The current research scenario is about concurrent analysis of these drugs by spectroflourimetric method with the wavelength of excitation and emission 261 nm and 287 nm for Fexofenadine Hydrochloride and 392 nm 487 nm for Montelukast Sodium.The Calibration curves were observed to be rectilinear over the concentration ranges 20-100 µg/mL for Fexofenadine Hydrochloride and 2-10 µg/mL for Montelukast Sodium with good correlation coefficient in the range of 0.997 and 0.999 respectively in phosphate buffer, pH 6.8. The LOD and LOQ were found to be 0.36 µg/mL and 2.53 µg/mL for Fexofenadine Hydrochloride and 0.73 µg/mL and 2.152 µg/mL for Montelukast Sodium respectively. The assay was found to be in range of 105% for fexofenadine hydrochloride and 110% for montelukast sodium solution and % RSD values for precision and accuracy studies were found to be less than 2. The results obtained for both drugs (fexofenadine and montelukast) for various parameters were validated according to ICH guidelines. The present method can be applied for quantification of both drugs concurrently in pharmaceutical dosage forms.
Phytochemical Analysis of Important Lettuces Available in South Indian Region
Authors: Rakkini A. Motcha , Rosaline L. Mary Arul , Logapriya M. , Pavithra A. Roselin , Joice J. Amala Infant
Published: January 2023

The South Indian region is renowned for having a wide range of biological species. Sesbaniya grandiflora, Solanum nigrum, Moringa oleifera, and Spinacia oleracea were the four lettuces chosen for this study. The current study's objectives were to identify the presence of phytochemicals, quantitative analysis of total phenolic, flavonoid, saponin, tannin, and alkaloid contents, and determine the qualitative analysis of terpenoids, flavonoids, steroids, glycosides, philobatanins, proteins, coumarins, emodin, antharoquinoe, anthocyanin, carbohydrate, cardiac amino acids, and phenol in the chosen lettuce plants. Water, methanol, acetone, and ethanol all were employed as solvents. Our research demonstrated that these evaluated plants' crude aqueous and organic solvent extracts contain medically significant bioactive components, which supports their usage in traditional medicines for the treatment of medical illnesses.
Biodegradable Polymer Nanoparticles: Therapeutic Applications and Challenges
Authors: Sharma Rama
Published: January 2023

The greatest medication encapsulation and distribution options have received substantial research on biodegradable natural polymers. For their potential to act as an effective vehicle for site-specific medication delivery in the body, biodegradable nanoparticles (NPs) are attracting more interest. They provide enhanced biocompatibility, and practical release patterns for a variety of medicines to be used in a number of applications. This article has explored the various applications of these particles, including cancer therapy, implantable device, and antioxidant delivery. However, there is still potential to investigate more biodegradable polymers for cutting-edge biological applications.
Studies on Polymeric hydroxy Compounds and Electro-coagulation Process for Removing Arsenic from ground water
Authors: Tewari Anurag , Paroha P P , Awasthi Sadhna
Published: January 2023

This paper describes observations made on studies carried in laboratory trials by using electro-coagulation process using iron electrodes. The purpose of this study is to present the iron electrode-based EC procedure, its superiority over other technologies used for removing arsenic from ground water and surface water. In order to reduce arsenic (As), it was also necessary to understand the basics of the electrochemical process (EC) and the significance of its operating conditions, such as anode materials, applied voltage, pH and anode distance. At different concentration of Arsenic (500ppb, 200ppb & 100 ppb) it was observed that with the higher concentration i.e. 500 ppb there is faster decrease in arsenic concentration at 6.5 pH. While, when using different current density 0.5 A & 1.0 A at (12V) almost same results were obtained i.e. arsenic removal took place in same time duration at a pH range of 3.5 to 6.5. It was also observed that arsenic concentration decreases with electrode spacing, size of electrodes and contact time of treatment.
Chemical Profile and Biological Activities of Essential oil from Artabortrys hexapetalus (L.f.) Bhandari Grown in Southern Parts of Western Ghats
Authors: Krishnasamy Vimaladevi , Madhiyan Selladurai , Kathirvel Poonkodi , Velliangiri Prabhu , Raman Mini , Anandhan Abinaya
Published: January 2023

In this invistigation, we assessed the composition of the essential oil from the leaves of Artabortrys hexapetalus (L.f.) Bhandari, in vitro antioxidant and anticancer activities. The hydrodistilled essential oil from A. hexapetalus leaves cultivated in the southern Western Ghats was evaluated by GC/MS for its chemical composition. 34 compounds were present, according to the results of GC/MS analysis. The predominant constituents include Caryophyllene (17.2%), Copaene (12.9%), α-Bisabolene (8.3%), Biocyclogermacrene (6.3%), α-Cadinol (6.2%), β-Myrcene (5.7%), δ- 3-Carene (5.3%), and γ-Muurolene (4.9 %). The minor constituents are Gurjunene (3.5%), Longipinane (3.5%), Patchoulene (3.1%), Trans cadinal (2.8%), Ledol (1.4%), α-Phellandrene (1.3%), and Patchouli alcohol (1.3%). The DPPH and ABTS assays were used to measure the antioxidant activity of the A. hexapetalus essential oil, with ascorbic acid as a reference. The essential oil demonstrated antioxidant activity by having IC50 values of 104 and 122 µl/mL, respectively. Further the essential oil has tested its in vitro anticancer potential using the MTT assay on the HeLa cancer cell line and showed significant anticancer activity with an IC50 value of 36.7 µg/mL.
Appraisal of Vitamin D3 Concentration in Dietary Supplement Marketed in Bangladesh using HPLC
Authors: Al Mamun Md. Zia Uddin , Rashid Md. Mamunur , Begum Mohajira , Musarrat Maesha , Haq Md. Ariful , Sathee Rahima Akter
Published: January 2023

This research work provides information about the concentration level of fat soluble vitamin D3 in different types of dietary supplements marketed in Bangladesh. Selected twenty-five samples were taken for analysis because physicians are prescribing randomly and available in local market. Vitamin D3 concentration levels were quantified using HPLC with C18 column and diode array detector(DAD). The mobile phase was isocratic mode with ACN and methanol (60:40) and detection wavelength was (ƛ)265nm. Quantification level of D3 was ranging from 1. 80(µg.mlˉ1) to 24.91 (µg.mlˉ1) in analyzed samples. Quantification of vitamin D3 was conducted basis on the standard solution retention time (Rt) and peak area. The analyzed method provides excellent results with linearity, correlation co-efficient (r² ≥ 0.9995), LOD (0.0282, µg. mlˉ1), LOQ (0. 0941, µg. mlˉ1) and reproducibility with analyte recovery.
Novel Method Development, Validation and Forced Degradation Studies for the Concurrent Determination of Lamivudine, Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate and Doravirine in Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient and Formulation using RP-UPLC
Authors: Dadi Vamsi , Sowjanya Gummadi
Published: January 2023

The main objective of proposed method is to develop, validate & to perform the forced degradation studies for the simultaneous quantification of lamivudine, doravirine and tenofovir in active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and formulation using reverse phase ultra-performance liquid chromatography (RP-UPLC). The estimation was performed using HSS C18 (100mm×2.1mm,1.8µ)column with acetonitrile and 0.1 % ortho phosphoric acid (OPA) (35:65) as mobile phase ran in isocratic mode at rate of flow 0.3ml/min. The column temperature maintained at 30°C and detection wavelength used was 260nm. The developed method validated as per ICH guidelines. Method obeyed Beer’s law in the range of concentration of 37.5µg/ml – 225µg/ml, 37.5µg/ml – 225µg/ml and 12.5µg/ml – 75µg/ml for lamivudine, tenofovir and doravirine respectively. The method is stable when exposed to different stressed conditions with less degradation. For regular analysis of estimate of lamivudine, tenofovir, and doravirine in tablet formulation, this UPLC method can be employed