bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LEGITIMACY OF INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL LAW IN RESOLVING CONSUMER PROTECTION DISPUTES IN E-COMMERCE TRANSACTIONS
Authors: Erry Fitrya Primadhany  , Azizah
Published: August 2023

The Development and Progress of Technology in the Era of Globalization Drive Changes in Various Aspects of Life. The rapid advancement of technology provides convenience and flexibility to its users, one of which is in the field of commerce. Alongside the swift technological progress in the world of commerce, society is presented with various transaction systems, one of which is the e-Commerce transaction system. E-Commerce transactions enable the trade of goods/services across borders rapidly and effectively, without the need for direct presence during the transaction. However, in this context, e-Commerce trade transactions inherently possess a high vulnerability to fraudulent activities or actions that could harm consumers. The method employed by the author in this writing is the normative method. The discussion to be examined by the author is how consumer protection in e-Commerce trade transactions and dispute resolution are based on international commercial law. Based on further examination, the conclusion drawn from this writing is that the existence of e-Commerce transactions is regulated by the international trade institution, the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL), through the Model Law on Electronic Commerce 1996. Meanwhile, in the event of disputes among parties engaged in e-Commerce transactions across different countries, resolution can be achieved through mutual agreement by the parties, either through litigation or non-litigation methods.
Analisis Wacana Presiden Tiga Periode Perspektif Van Dijk Di Instagram Tvonenews
Authors: Heny Triyaningsih  , Moh Nor Abrori
Published: August 2023

The researchers carried out the analysis was on news related to the three-term presidential discourse on the Instagram Tvonenews study 22 and 26 March 2021 using Van Dijk's critical discourse analysis model. Based on this, there are 2 research focuses that the researcher will do here. First, how is the text structure of the three-term Presidential discourse on Tvonenews Instagram, second, how is social cognition and social context in the three-term Presidential discourse on Tvonenews Instagram. This study uses a qualitative research approach. Meanwhile, the type of research is library research. This study discusses the text, social cognition and social context of Tvonenews' Instagram posts related to the three-term Presidential discourse using the theory of critical discourse analysis by Teun A. Van Dijk. The source of the data that the researcher obtained was through the process of documentation and observation from Tvonenews Instagram posts related to the three-term presidential discourse.
Electrochemical Characterization of Cholesterol Biosensor Formed by Polymer Film Based on o-Phenylenediamine and Benzoquinone
Authors: KARTLAŞMIŞ Kezban , KÖKBAŞ Umut , KAYRIN Levent
Published: September 2023

Aim: The detection of cholesterol concentration in the blood is an important parameter in the diagnosis and follow-up of many diseases, including cardiovascular and hepatobiliary diseases. Nowadays, various methods have been used for the routine analysis of cholesterol, including spectrophotometric, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and amperometric methods. Since biosensors have advantages such as high sensitivity, fast response, low cost, small size, continuous online detection, and reproducible results, it is aimed to develop a biosensor method for cholesterol determination.
Methods: Polymer film immobilization was performed on the gold electrode surface electrochemically in an acetonitrile-water medium containing o-phenylenediamine and benzoquinone. Cholesterol oxidase (ChOx, E.C. 1.1.3.6) enzyme was immobilized on the polymer film-immobilized electrode surface by the self-forming monolayer method. Optimization and characterization studies were carried out for the determination of cholesterol with the prepared electrodes.
Results: The determination of cholesterol was performed via monitoring the oxidation current of enzymatically produced H2O2 at 0.70 V Ag/AgCl. Optimum biosensor conditions were determined for phosphate buffer at 0.1M, pH 7.0, and 30°C for the Au/oPD-BQ/ChOx enzyme electrode. The linear working range is 9.8×10-6-1.1×10-2 mM, and the cholesterol detection limit is 9.8×10-6 mM. The analysis of total cholesterol in solutions was performed using the proposed Au/oPD-BQ/ChOx electrode.
Conclusion: A convenient, simple, reproducible, and stable method was developed for the determination of cholesterol by immobilizing cholesterol oxidase on the prepared electrode surface through a polymer film. The sensor we designed can be expanded to improve the detection of many analytes in the clinic.
Sürdürülebilir İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Yönetimi Perspektifinden Ofis Çalışanlarının Mesleki Kaynaklı Yaşadıkları Kas İskelet Sistemi Rahatsızlıkları ve Çalışma Ortamı, Vücut Uygunluğu, Dinlenme Molaları ve Ağrıdan Yakınma Durumları İlişkileri
Authors: CANER AKIN Güfte , ÇEVİK TAŞDEMİR Derya
Published: September 2023

Amaç: Bu araştırmada ofis çalışanlarının mesleki kaynaklı yaşadıkları kas iskelet sistemi rahatsızlıklarını tespit etmek amaçlanmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda çalışma nicel olarak tasarlanmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında detaylı bir alanyazın araştırması yapılarak ilgili kavramlar ve ilişkiler ortaya konulacaktır.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipte olan çalışma için Aralık 2022 ayında Türkiye- Şanlıurfa’da görev yapan 390 ofis çalışanından çevrimiçi bir form aracılığıyla elde edilen veriler ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çevrimiçi form Beyaz Yakalı Çalışanlarda İşe Bağlı Boyun, Sırt ve Omuz Bölgelerine Ait Kas İskelet Sistemi Rahatsızlıklarının ve İşe Devamsızlığa Etki Eden Faktörlerin İncelenmesi Ölçeği ve alan yazından derlenerek oluşturulan sorular ile oluşturulmuştur. Veri analizinde SPSS 26.0 istatistik paket programı kullanılarak lojistik regresyon analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Araştırma bulgularına göre cinsiyet, yaş, medeni durum, çalışma ortamı, vücut uygunluğu, dinlenme molaları ve ağrıdan yakınma durumlarının; kas iskelet sistemi rahatsızlığına sahip olma durumunu anlamlı şekilde yordadığı tespit edilmiştir.
Sonuç: Bu çalışmadaki bulgular, ofis çalışanları arasında mesleki kas iskelet sistemi rahatsızlarının (KİH) önemli bir iş sağlığı sorunu olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca, KİH’nin tanınması, KİH insidansının azaltılması, ofis çalışanları için önleyici müdahale programlarının düzenlenmesi, planlanması ve ilgili çalışmaların gerçekleştirilmesine yardımcı olacaktır. Bu çalışma aynı zamanda ofis çalışanlarını, yöneticilere, akademisyenlere ve ilgili bakanlıklara işyerinde KİH sorunları hakkında farkındalık sağlamakta ve alanyazına katkı sağlamaktadır.
Halluks Valgus Deformitesinde Plantar Basınç Değişimi
Authors: AÇAR Görkem , KONAKOĞLU Gülşah
Published: September 2023

Halluks valgus deformitesi, birinci metatarsofalangeal eklemin laterale rotasyonu ve proksimal falanksın mediale rotasyonu ile karakterize, ağrı, şişlik ve bunyonun eşlik ettiği 3 boyutlu kompleks bir deformitedir. Halluks valgus deformitesi, kadınlarda, erkeklere göre daha sık görülmekte olup yaşla birlikte görülme sıklığı artmaktadır. Halluks valgus deformitesinin oluşmasında intrinsik ve ekstrinsik faktörlerin rol oynadığı düşünülmektedir, ancak tam nedeni hala bilinememektedir. İnsanların ayaklarını yere basarken ayak tabanlarına uyguladığı basınç olarak tanımlanan plantar basınç, ayaktaki dağılımları sayesinde son zamanlarda çeşitli ayak bozukluklarını araştırmak ve teşhis etmek için güvenilir bir biyomekanik parametre olarak kabul edilmektedir. Ayakta durma, yürüme veya diğer aktiviteler sırasında yapılan ayak tabanı basınç ölçümleri, ayak bileği, diz, kalça, sırt ve diğer patomekanikleri içeren deformitelerin değerlendirilmesi için detaylı bilgi sağlamaktadır. Aynı zamanda deformitelerin ilerlemesini takip etmek için hedef odaklı ölçüm sonuçları sunmaktadır. Bazı araştırma grupları, ayak tabanı basınç dağılımları teknolojisinin farklı ayak anormalliklerinin teşhisi ve analizi için potansiyelini kabul etmektedir. Statik ve dinamik olarak iki şekilde gerçekleştirilen pedobarografik analiz, literatürde halluks valgus deformitesine sahip kişilerin plantar basıncını ölçmede sık kullanılmıştır. Ancak bazı çalışmalarda plantar basınç ölçen tabanlıklar da kullanılmıştır. Literatür, geçmişten günümüze gelen bilgiler ışığında incelendiğinde halluks valgus ve plantar basınç ilişkisine yönelik tam bir fikir birliği bulunamamakta olup, farklı görüşler öne sürülmektedir.
Pharmacy Council Revolutionizing Pharmaceutical Care in Ghana: The National Electronic Pharmacy Platform (NEPP)
Authors: Danquah D.A
Published: September 2023

Purpose
This article aims to highlight the distribution and growing acceptance of electronic pharmacies through the National Electronic Pharmacy Platform (NEPP) among Ghanaian citizens.

Methodology
A cross-sectional quantitative survey was conducted, analyzing transaction data from 84 out of the 226 electronic pharmacies registered with NEPP. The data was assessed numerically to present a detailed statistical overview of medication utilization trends in Ghana.

Findings
Even though NEPP was only introduced in 2023, there’s evident growing interest among pharmacies. The growth potential is considerable, further amplified by ongoing awareness campaigns and training initiatives.

Research implications
The regulation of pharmacy practices and the growth of electronic pharmacies in Africa highlight the urgency for member countries to adopt and adapt to the NEPP model.

Practical implications
This study underscores the transformational capabilities of NEPP and its potential long-lasting effect on Ghana’s healthcare framework.

Social Implications
A significant observation is the elevated prescription rate for antibacterial medications. This might indicate a surge in bacterial infections within the Ghanaian populace, particularly those tied to respiratory issues. Addressing these infections and heightening awareness about diseases related to antibacterials is essential.

Originality/value
Our results offer valuable insights for the Ministry of Health, the Ghana Health Service, and the Pharmacy Council as they strategize on addressing antibacterial-related health concerns. Moreover, NEPP’s success in Ghana may motivate other nations to adopt similar systems, aiming to enhance their healthcare provisions.
La nueva izquierda chilena. De las marchas estudiantiles a La Moneda
Authors: Bellolio Cristóbal
Published: September 2023

Reseña de Cristóbal Bellolio del libro La nueva izquierda chilena. De las marchas estudiantiles a La Moneda de Noam Titelman. Santiago: Ariel, 2023.
CUTE Reveals Escaping Metals in the Upper Atmosphere of the Ultrahot Jupiter WASP-189b
Authors: Sreejith A. G. , France Kevin , Fossati Luca , Koskinen Tommi T. , Egan Arika , Cauley P. Wilson , Cubillos Patricio. E. , Ambily S. , Huang Chenliang , Lavvas Panayotis , Fleming Brian T. , Desert Jean-Michel , Nell Nicholas , Petit Pascal , Vidotto Aline
Published: September 2023

Ultraviolet observations of ultrahot Jupiters, exoplanets with temperatures over 2000 K, provide us with an opportunity to investigate if and how atmospheric escape shapes their upper atmosphere. Near-ultraviolet transit spectroscopy offers a unique tool to study this process owing to the presence of strong metal lines and a bright photospheric continuum as the light source against which the absorbing gas is observed. WASP-189b is one of the hottest planets discovered to date, with a dayside temperature of about 3400 K orbiting a bright A-type star. We present the first near-ultraviolet observations of WASP-189b, acquired with the Colorado Ultraviolet Transit Experiment (CUTE). CUTE is a 6U NASA-funded ultraviolet spectroscopy mission, dedicated to monitoring short-period transiting planets. WASP-189b was one of the CUTE early science targets and was observed during three consecutive transits in 2022 March. We present an analysis of the CUTE observations and results demonstrating near-ultraviolet (2500–3300 Å) broadband transit depth (

1.08

−
0.08

+
0.08

%

) of about twice the visual transit depth indicating that the planet has an extended, hot upper atmosphere with a temperature of about 15,000 K and a moderate mass-loss rate of about 4 × 108 kg s−1. We observe absorption by Mg ii lines (R

p
/R

s
of

0.212

−
0.061

+
0.038

) beyond the Roche lobe at >4σ significance in the transmission spectrum at a resolution of 10 Å, while at lower resolution (100 Å), we observe a quasi-continuous absorption signal consistent with a “forest” of low-ionization metal absorption dominated by Fe ii. The results suggest an upper atmospheric temperature (∼15,000 K), higher than that predicted by current state-of-the-art hydrodynamic models.
ALMA Band-7 Flux Density Prediction of the Haumea Ring System for Ongoing Observations
Authors: Kalup Csilla E. , Kiss Csaba
Published: September 2023

In 2017, multi-chord occultation observations found a ring around the dwarf planet (136108) Haumea, and provided direct measurements of the size and an estimate of the apparent opacity of the ring system. Based on these properties, Müller et al. estimated the thermal contribution of Haumea’s ring at 20–500 μm. Here, we predict the flux densities of the ring of Haumea at ∼870 μm for ongoing measurements with ALMA.
La langue française dans l’Union européenne
Authors: Lequesne Christian
Published: September 2023

L’Union européenne est l’expression du multilinguisme qui traverse les territoires. Il est donc logique que des textes aient prévu de consacrer le multilinguisme dans les institutions européennes en reconnaissant l’usage officiel des langues de tous les États membres. Mais la pratique a fini par imposer l’anglais comme langue de communication courante. La France est le seul gouvernement de l’Union européenne qui fasse de la diversité linguistique et de la préservation de sa langue dans les institutions européennes une vraie question politique, comme l’a montré encore le rapport rédigé en vue de la présidence française de l’Union européenne de 2022.
Qualitative Research on Self-Transcendence in Older Adults: A Scoping Review
Authors: Banner Matthew , McDonald Kari , Walker Lorraine O.
Published: August 2023

The current scoping review describes qualitative research on self-transcendence (ST) in older adults. Articles from five databases were independently screened and data were extracted from predetermined categories. Results were compared and consensus reached through discussion. The two leading theorists guiding the chosen studies were Pamela Reed and Lars Tornstam. Experiential language in the studies most often touched on intrapersonal and interpersonal ST. Two main gaps identified in the literature were: (a) limited coverage of transpersonal aspects of ST, and (b) limited inclusion of experiential language of study participants. More qualitative research, phenomenology in particular, can shed light on the topic of ST. A deeper understanding of all aspects of ST, including experiential language used to describe it, can lay a foundation for nursing to advance with theory formation, scale construction, and interventions to better promote spiritual and psychological well-being in older adults. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 49
(9), 43–48.]
Application of trigonometric B-spline functions for solving Caputo time fractional gas dynamics equation
Authors: Noureen Rabia , Naeem Muhammad Nawaz , Baleanu Dumitru , Mohammed Pshtiwan Othman , Almusawa Musawa Yahya
Published: August 2023

In this study, we present a numerical method that utilizes trigonometric cubic B-spline functions to solve the time fractional gas dynamics equation, which is a key component in the study of physical phenomena such as explosions, combustion, detonation and condensation in a moving flow. The Caputo formula is used to define the fractional time derivative, which generalizes the framework for both singular and non-singular kernels. To discretize the unknown function and its derivatives in the spatial direction, we employ trigonometric cubic B-spline functions, while the usual finite difference formulation is used to approximate the Caputo time fractional derivative. A stability analysis of the scheme is provided to ensure that errors do not propagate over time, and a convergence analysis is conducted to measure the accuracy of the solution. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology, we solve various relevant examples and present graphical and tabular results to evaluate the outcomes of the strategy.
La observación de la brecha salarial de género ajustada. En busca de la discriminación directa en España
Authors: Simó-Noguera Carles X. , Mondragón-García Elvira , Carbonell-Asins Juan A. , Romero-Crespo Juan A.
Published: August 2023

Investigamos la brecha de género oculta, la desigualdad salarial inexplicable que podría relacionarse con la discriminación directa. Se estima un Modelo Lineal General combinando las variables de la Encuesta Española de Estructura Salarial de 2018 para construir tipologías con máxima brecha salarial. Construimos una matriz con todas las combinaciones de variables explicativas incluido el sexo (>3 millones de filas). Predecimos el salario con el modelo y calculamos la brecha salarial entre filas cuya única diferencia es el sexo. Ordenamos filas seleccionando aquellas con la máxima brecha salarial (≥ percentil 99) para identificar tipologías. Ajustamos así el cálculo de la brecha oculta (13,1%) e identificamos los tipos de ocupación donde se da mayoritariamente (puestos de trabajo fijos en empresas de 1 a 49 trabajadores del sector industrial del Noroeste de España). Adicionalmente, observamos las características de las mujeres que más la padecen (mujeres ≥ 50 años con educación media y alta).
Leadership
Authors: Benson Lyle
Published: August 2023

As Bass has stated, leadership is a universal phenomenon. It is important for each person to create their own definition of leadership and then try to demonstrate personal actions that are consistent with their leadership definition, especially in a constantly changing business environment. To create a foundation of understanding of leadership, this chapter provides an overview of the definitions of leadership, the historical evolution of leadership, and the classification of leadership theories. Although the focus of the book is on transformational leadership and change, it is necessary to provide an easy-to-use reference for leadership styles because it places the specific leadership approaches in their appropriate context.
An Examination of Transformational School Leadership Qualities of Elementary Principals
Authors: Lewis Jr. Henderson , Altunel Veysel , Castro Elizabeth P. , Shaffer Saleria , Thompson Paula A. , Lee Carlos G.
Published: August 2023

School leadership is an integral part of fostering a positive culture and climate in schools. The art of leading schools establishes a mission and vision that yields positive student learning outcomes. The leadership style that cultivates a school environment of community, excellence, and collegiality is transformational leadership. Transformational leadership qualities in school principals aid in developing sustainable and successful schools. Using a qualitative framework, three elementary school principals share their experiences of leading teams in the midst of a global pandemic while serving on a panel discussion. The findings from the panel discussion identified the themes of mindfulness, radical candor, professionalism, relatability, resilience, and engagement. These themes provide the skills needed for aspiring school principals to lead schools toward a vision of academic excellence.
Motivational Theories of Leadership
Authors: Ahsan Muhammad Junaid
Published: August 2023

This chapter offers an overview of pertinent leadership and motivational theories and how they relate to social work. For social work organizations, effective leadership is essential, and managers who have a solid theoretical foundation in motivation and leadership are more likely to achieve positive outcomes. Before diving into an in-depth analysis of each motivational theory, the chapter looks at the evolution and history of these theories. The most well-known motivational theories of leadership, including the Trait Theory of Leadership, Contingency Theory of Leadership, Need for Achievement Theory, Expectancy Theory, Transformational Leadership Theory, Situational Leadership Model, Emotional Intelligence and Leadership Theory, Positive Psychology and Resilience in Leadership Theory, Path-Goal Theory, Authentic Leadership Theory, and Self-Determination Theory are explored in detail.
Complexities of Change Management Strategy During Healthcare Mergers
Authors: Quisenberry William L. , Burrell Darrell Norman , Huff Allison J. , Richardson Kevin , Burton Sharon L. , Crowe Margaret , McLester Quatavia , Zanganeh Kiana S.
Published: August 2023

Change management and leadership is a complex set of efforts and processes that frequently lead to failure for many organizations due to a need for more sound organizational development techniques. For healthcare organizations, change management and leadership can be even more difficult than in other industries, with implications that could lead to unhealthy patient care and, for some patients, ultimately, death. The COVID-19 global pandemic helped to shed light on the need and importance of ongoing first-order and second-order change in healthcare organizations to remain relevant and continue providing adequate, quality care. This research utilized the case of Apollo Global Management's acquisition of Wilson Medical Center to shed light on the difficulties associated with various forms of change in healthcare settings and the critical need for leveraging good organizational development, strategy, and leadership practices.
The Risk of COVID-19 Transmission
Authors: Tichabet Yasmina
Published: September 2023

This study aimed at investigating the potential effect of emotional regulation on the medical staff ‎in ‎Algerian hospitals. A cross-sectional ‎ approach based on survey design was used in this study in ‎order ‎to answer the research questions. Data were collected by a questionnaire administered to a ‎sample ‎consisting of 153 randomly selected medical staff working at Algerian hospitals. The results ‎revealed ‎that the risk of COVID-19 transmission affected the emotional regulation of the medical staff ‎in ‎Algerian hospitals. It was also found that there were differences among participants in their ‎emotional ‎regulation that could be attributed to the variables of profession and workplace. The ‎results ‎highlighted the contributions of the positive and negative ‎emotional regulation strategies, ‎profession, ‎and workplace as mediating variables in ‎‏predicting the emotional regulation of medical ‎staff.‎ The results ‎have important implications for how best to help the medical staff fulfill their ‎emotions, thus being ‎better qualified for the response to the COVID-19 pandemic.‎
Evaluation of outpatient health services in diabetes mellitus in a middle-income setting: a retrospective cohort study involving secondary care
Authors: Oliveira Felipe Martins de , Chiaradia Caio , Zaia Silvana Marques , Ordonha Ana Carolina Xavier , Garcia Sônia Aparecida Dias , Reis Ligia Dinara Donizeti , Ribeiro Manoel Carlos Sampaio de Almeida , Salles João Eduardo Nunes
Published: August 2023

In Brazil, it is necessary to assess the different levels of health care in diabetes mellitus (DM) in order to integrate them. In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed 1,122 medical records of patients with DM from specialized services with interdisciplinary health teams (IHT) in the city of Ourinhos, São Paulo state, Brazil, to assess the impact of secondary care on glycemic control in patients with DM in those places and to compare baseline and follow-up DM care indicators concerning clinical evaluation and drug treatment regimens in the aforementioned health services. The study covered consultations carried out from September/2013 to September/2017. Data were collected from initial and final appointments in medical records and revealed an increase of 31.21% in insulin introduction and of 73.53% in regimens with three or more non-insulin antidiabetic (NIA) medications. Among the 570 patients with at least two glycated hemoglobin (A1C) measurements in the aforementioned review, 146 did not require any therapeutic adjustment between initial and final appointments, 123 required a subtle adjustment, 95, a moderate adjustment, and 206, an intense adjustment. There was a noticeably higher A1C reduction between initial and final appointments when patients who required an intense drug adjustment were compared to those who did not need any different NIA drug (p-value < 0.0001). In addition to optimizing drug treatment, essential exams in DM were performed with higher frequency, with an increase of 63% in ophthalmology evaluation performed during secondary care approach and 60.65% more individuals being screened for diabetic chronic kidney disease. IHT secondary care considered in this study, therefore, not only improved glycemic control of patients with DM, especially by optimization of NIA regimens and timely prescription of insulin, but also increased the screening for microvascular complications.
Singlet oxygen release due to different concentrations of photosensitizer
Authors: Mariano Gabriel Elias , Soares Maria Elisa , Dias Daniele Morais , Carneiro Guilherme , Galo Rodrigo
Published: August 2023

Photodynamic therapy is a technique that consists of activating a Photosensitizing Agent (PS) to form reactive oxygen species, which are important for antimicrobial action. This research aimed to carry out laboratory tests to measure singlet oxygenand superoxide radicals release as a function of different formulations and concentrations of methylene blue (MB), eosin Y (EY) and fluorescein (FL) dyes, and to compare their photodynamic efficiency. Solutions containing these compounds in a MIX solvent (glycerol, ethanol and water) irradiated with low power laser (λ= 660 nm) were analyzed. The production of singlet oxygen (1O2) was photometrically evaluated through the consumption rate of 1-3 diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF), a 1O2 sequestering substance. Statistical analyses applied were the ANOVA and Duncan's complementary test using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software. MB had greater photodynamic activity, as it presented higher values for the decrease in DPBF for the three concentrations evaluated. The mean concentration was 89.9% at 150 µM, 87.6% and 2.9 at 15 µM, and 77.3% and 2.5 at 1.5 µM. EY and FL presented similar results, with no significant difference between the concentrations. The MB at 150 µM expressed greater production of 1O2, which suggests a greater antimicrobial effect and highlights its relevancecompared to the other dyes.
Hamstring Strain Ultrasound Case Series: Dominant Semitendinosus Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Athletes
Authors: Hassid Brandon V. , Warrick Alexandra E. , Ray Jeremiah W.
Published: September 2023

Authors of previous studies of patients with acute hamstring strains have reported injury to the biceps femoris and semitendinosus (ST) in 50% to 100% and 0% to 30%, respectively. This retrospective case series of hamstring injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I collegiate athletes exhibited an injury pattern on ultrasound imaging that differed from what would be expected based on prior literature. We examined ultrasound images of 38 athletes with acute hamstring strains for injury location (proximal muscle, proximal myotendinous junction, midportion of muscle, distal muscle) and affected muscles (biceps femoris, ST, or semimembranosus). Twenty-six athletes (68.4%) injured the ST, and 9 athletes (23.7%) injured the biceps femoris long head. Most athletes (23, 60.5%) injured the proximal portion of the muscle or myotendinous junction. Though this study had many limitations, we demonstrated more frequent involvement of the ST and less frequent involvement of the biceps femoris than reported in the literature.
Effect of LASER photobiomodulation on the cell viabilities of periodontal ligament fibroblasts of older and younger individuals – An in vitro study
Authors: Singh Aditi , Gururaj Soumya Bardvalli , Shankar Shrinidhi Maji , Chidambar Chethana Kunthur , Bhushan Kala , Poojary Bharathi
Published: September 2023

Background and Objectives:

Fibroblasts form the major cell type of the periodontal ligament and most often studied for periodontal regeneration. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) on aged periodontal fibroblasts and compare the viability of periodontal fibroblasts of older and younger individuals.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 32 patients were divided into four groups: A, B, C, and D. Groups A and C and B and D comprised of extracted teeth of older (>60 year) and younger individuals (<25 year), respectively. Extracted teeth from Groups A and B received PBM, (diode laser, 660 nm, 100 mW at 4J) whereas Groups C and D did not. Tissue from extracted teeth of all groups was processed and cultured and subjected to 3-(4,5 dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay to assess their viability.

Results:

The difference between the groups in terms of viability was significant (P < 0.0001). The mean viability of A and B (PBM) was 1.04 and 1.19, respectively. The mean viability for C and D (non-PBM) was 0.95 and 0.85, respectively.

Conclusion:

Older fibroblasts have lower viability than younger fibroblasts. PBM improves viability in both older and younger fibroblasts and more so in younger fibroblasts. However, more than one PBM would be required to sustain the effect longer.
Palatal bone block: A predictable bone augmentation technique for restricted maxillary defect
Authors: Durrani Farhan , Vishnu J. P. , Taslim Aabida , Imran Fouzia , Kumari Ekta , Pandey Aishwarya
Published: September 2023

Bone grafting for implant dentistry depends on bone quality, quantity, and biological principles for good outcome. Autogenous bone as donor remains the gold standard among all the available materials. However, it carries unpredictable morbidity and need for different surgical sites. In our report, we describe a simplified approach in bone augmentation for restricted maxillary atrophic defect within the same surgical site as a harvesting site. The method can be an alternative for different intraoral surgical harvesting sites. The patient’s left maxillary central incisor before treatment had a large bony defect which was reconstructed though single site approach of augmentation. The implant-supported restoration with healthy periodontium around even after 2 years of review looks promising. The approach can be an alternative for different intraoral surgical sites.
Aluminum Alloy Tubing, Hydraulic, Seamless, Drawn, Round 1.0Mg -
0.60Si - 0.28Cu - 0.20Cr (6061-T4) Solution Heat Treated and Naturally
Aged
Authors:   AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Published: August 2023

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of seamless, round tubing with wall thickness of 0.025 to 0.500 inch (0.64 to 12.70 mm) (see 8.6).
Steel Tubing, Seamless 0.31 - 0.38C (SAE 1035) Stress
Relieved
Authors:   AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
Published: August 2023

This specification covers a carbon steel in the form of seamless tubing up through 1.500 inches (38.10 mm), inclusive, outer diameter.
Effets des chocs pétroliers sur l’étendue de l'économie informelle en Algérie une approche par un modèle ARDL asymétrique (1970-2018)
Authors: Atmani Anissa , Mouffok Nacer-Eddine
Published: August 2023

Ce papier analyse la réponse de la taille de l’économie informelle aux variations des cours du pétrole en Algérie. L’application d’un modèle ARDL non linéaire confirme la présence d’une relation de long terme entre la taille de l’économie informelle, la masse monétaire réelle au sens M1, les crédits à l’économie et les prix du pétrole. En utilisant deux mesures de l’économie informelle, basées sur des indicateurs macroéconomiques, utilisées comme une approximation de sa taille, les résultats montrent que l’hypothèse d’asymétrie est valide à court et à long terme. De plus, la taille de l’économie informelle est plus sensible à la hausse qu’à la baisse des cours pétroliers.
Options trading strategies for the price coverage of the algerian oil barrel sahara blend
Authors: Haffar Adlane , Le Fur Eric , Djedaa Nour El-Islam , Mehibel Samer
Published: August 2023

This paper focuses on the problem of hedging the risk of financial loss generated by the fall in the price of the Algerian oil barrel Sahara Blend, with the aim of proposing an approach allowing the reduction of financial losses, following unfavorable movements in oil prices. After a reminder on the strategic importance of the energy sector for the Algerian economy, we will evaluate the derivative products using different models. We present some option hedging strategies. Our results indicate that the use of options would effectively cushion a possible drop in the price of Sahara Blend, provided that the choice of the option exchange strategy is optimal. The study covers the period from 12/31/2019 to 06/30/2021, and the data is available on the websites www.oilprice.com and www.fred.stlouisfed.org. Finally, the results indicate that taking into account the cost of hedging and gains at maturity, bear spread and traddle strategies remain the most optimal.
Prévision des crues dans le bassin versant du Kou, Burkina Faso
Authors: Guelbeogo Sidiki , Ouedraogo Lucien , Ilboudo Sayouba
Published: August 2023

Les inondations constituent un enjeu majeur du 21ème siècle. En effet, ces phénomènes imprévisibles ont pris une ampleur considérable  ces dernières décennies, en grande partie à cause des effets du changement climatique. Ainsi, la compréhension de ces phénomènes est  essentielle pour les décideurs locaux, car elle fournit des informations précieuses pour prévenir et gérer leurs conséquences. Cette étude  propose donc une prévision des crues dans le bassin versant du Kou pour éclairer la décision publique. Pour cela, une approche mixte, combinant le système de modélisation hydrologique (HEC-HMS) et les systèmes d'information géographique (SIG), a été utilisée pour  simuler les débits futurs du bassin versant. L'analyse du critère de Nash pour le calibrage et la validation du modèle a révélé des valeurs  très satisfaisantes, atteignant respectivement 88,1 % et 82,6 %. Les prévisions indiquent que le bassin versant du Kou sera confronté à  des épisodes de crues en 2025, 2031, 2042, 2044, 2047 et 2049. Ces résultats exigent des responsables et des décideurs du bassin versant  du Kou qu'ils renforcent la protection des équipements de mesure des débits pour éviter leur emportement par les crues prévues, et  qu'ils mettent en place des mesures structurelles capables de résister aux volumes importants simulés. 

 

English title: Flood forecasting in the Kou watershed, Burkina FasoFloods are a major concern of the 21st century. These unpredictable phenomena have taken on a particularly significant dimension in  recent decades, largely due to the effects of climate change. Therefore, understanding these phenomena is essential for local decision- makers, as it provides valuable information to prevent and manage their consequences. This study proposes a flood forecast in the Kou  watershed to inform public decision-making. To achieve this goal, a mixed approach combining the Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC- HMS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) was used to simulate future flows in the watershed. Analysis of the Nash criterion for  model calibration and validation revealed very satisfactory values, reaching 88.1% and 82.6% respectively. The forecasts indicate that the  Kou watershed will experience flood episodes in 2025, 2031, 2042, 2044, 2047, and 2049. These results require Kou watershed officials and  decision-makers to strengthen the protection of flow measurement equipment to prevent their removal by predicted floods, and to implement structural measures capable of withstanding the significant simulated volumes.
Impact de la production de charbon de bois sur les facteurs de changement climatique : synthèse de la littérature
Authors: Alawenon Kuassi N. , Wedjangnon Adigla Appolinaire , Ouinsavi Christine A. I. Nougbodé
Published: August 2023

La carbonisation est une activité humaine impliquant de fortes pressions sur les forêts tropicales dans le présent contexte de  changement climatique. Ce travail visait à faire une synthèse des études menées sur la séquestration de carbone et les émissions de gaz  à effet de serre dues à la carbonisation. Pour ce faire, un ensemble d’équations de recherche a été mis en place avec des mots clés mis  en combinaison avec des connecteurs booléens. L’équation prenant en compte des publications en français comme en anglais a été  retenue. Le principal moteur de recherche utilisé est SCOPUS. Ainsi, l’analyse factuelle de 601 publications recensées faisait ressortir trois  regroupements majeurs de recherche. Le premier traitait des sujets relatifs aux écosystèmes, aux changements observés, et différentes  méthodes de séquestration du carbone. Le deuxième traitait de la carbonisation du bois et les émissions de CO2. Quant au troisième, les  publications étaient plus orientées vers la recherche de solutions aux défis des changements climatiques. Cependant, des relations  significatives étaient observées entre les groupes. Beaucoup d’efforts restent à faire en Afrique, surtout au Bénin, où très peu d’études renseignent sur le niveau de séquestration du carbone. Il serait donc intéressant d’ouvrir et d’approfondir les recherches dans ce sens.   

 

English title: Impact of charcoal production on climate change factors: a review

Charcoal production is a human activity that involves intense pressures on tropical forests in the present context of climate change. This  work aimed to make a synthesis of the studies carried out on carbon sequestration and greenhouse gas emissions due to charcoal  production. For that, a set of search equations was set up with keywords put in combination with Boolean connectors. The equation that  considered publications in both French and English was retained. The main search engine used is SCOPUS. Thus, the factual analysis of  601 publications surveyed highlights three major research groups. The first deals with subjects relating to ecosystems, the changes observed, and the different methods used in carbon sequestration. The second deals with charcoal production, and CO2 emissions. As for  the third, the publications are more oriented towards searching for solutions to the challenges of climate change. However,  significant relations between the groups can be observed. Much effort remains to be done in Africa, especially in a country like Benin,  where very few studies provide information on the level of carbon sequestration. It would therefore be interesting to open and deepen  research in this direction.
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry analysis of bioactive compounds of Curcuma longa leaves extract
Authors: Anekwe Ifeoma Ijeoma , Chikwendu Chinwe Ifenyinwa , Amadi Ekperechi Sabinus , Nwogwugwu Ngozi Ursulla , Ihenetu Francis Chukwuebuka
Published: August 2023

Curcuma Longa (Turmeric) is a unique plant that combines the properties of a spice, colorant, cosmetic, and drug. As a medicinal plant, it  is used by traditional healers in the treatment of ailments such as diabetic wounds, rheumatism arthritis, multiple sclerosis etc. This study  was carried out to determine the presence of potential bioactive compounds present in Curcuma longa leaves. The bioactive  compounds were extracted using the Soxhlet method of extraction and was analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry.  The presence of eleven chemical constituents was identified in the GC-MS analysis of Curcuma longa leaves aqueous extract. This  includes Cis-13- octadecenoic acid, methyl ester (28.40%), Cis- vaccenic acid (17.14%), Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (16.40%), n-  Hexadecanoic acid (15.59%), Heptadecanoic acid, 16-methyl-, thylester (6.03%), Oleic Acid (6.02%) as well as compounds which were  identified at low level. The GC-MS analysis of Curcuma longa leaves extract showed the presence of bioactive constituents which could  have important medicinal properties. As a result, the presence of these bioactive constituents could be responsible for the therapeutic  properties of the plant which can be used to develop new antimicrobials.
Composition chimique, profil en acides gras, criblage phytochimique et activité antioxydante in vitro des graines brutes de Euphorbia heterophylla, une source naturelle riche en Oméga-3
Authors: Toure Gouanin Larissa , Diete Souleymane Harouna , Zoue Lessoy Yves Thierry , Kouakou N’Goran David Vincent
Published: August 2023

Euphorbia heterophylla est une plante adventice dont les graines sont consommées par certains animaux. Afin de déterminer la valeur  nutritionnelle de ces graines brutes pour une éventuelle valorisation, cette étude a été menée. L’analyse phytochimique des graines a été  réalisée selon les méthodes officielles. L’acide cyanhydrique a été dosé avec une solution de nitrate d’argent (AgNO3 ; 0,02 N). Les  acides gras ont été déterminés par chromatographie en phase gazeuse. Les polyphénols et les flavonoïdes totaux ont été quantifiés par  spectrophotométrie pendant que le potentiel du pouvoir antioxydant a été évalué par piégeage du radical libre 2,2-diphényl- 1-picrylhydrazyle. Il en résulte que les teneurs en acides gras polyinsaturés C18 : 2 n-6 et C18 : 3 n-3 étaient respectivement de 18 et 54%  des acides gras totaux identifiés. La teneur en acide cyanhydrique était de 122,4±10,2 mg/kg. La quantification des polyphénols et des  flavonoïdes totaux a donné respectivement 206 mg EQ/g d’extrait et 23 mg EAG/g d’extrait. La valeur moyenne de la concentration IC50  était de 60,84 µg/mL. Les principaux résultats révèlent que les graines de Euphorbia heterophylla possèdent une puissante activité antioxydante et qu’elles peuvent être utilisées comme source d’enrichissement des produits animaux et d’origine animale en acides gras  oméga-3 

 

English title: Chemical composition, fatty acid profile, phytochemical screening and in vitro antioxidant activity of raw seeds of  Euphorbia heterophylla, a natural source rich in Omega-3

Euphorbia heterophylla is a weed whose seeds are consumed by some animals. In order to determine the nutritional value of these raw  seeds for a possible valorization, this study was conducted. The phytochemical analysis of the seeds was carried out according to official  methods. Hydrocyanic acid was determined with a silver nitrate solution (AgNO3; 0.02 N). Fatty acids were determined by gas  chromatography. Total polyphenols and flavonoids were quantified by spectrophotometry while the antioxidant potential was evaluated  by 2,2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging. As a result, the contents of C18:2 n-6 and C18:3 n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids  were respectively 18 and 54% of the total fatty acids identified. The hydrocyanic acid content was 122.4±10.2 mg/kg. Quantification of  total polyphenols and flavonoids gave 206 mg QE/g extract and 23 mg GAE/g extract, respectively. The mean IC50 value was 60.84 µg/mL.  The main results reveal that Euphorbia heterophylla seeds possess potent antioxidant activity and can be used as a source of  omega-3 fatty acid enrichment in animal and animal products
Cultivated and wild host plants associated with fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in three ecological zones of Togo
Authors: Gomina Mondjonnesso , Tchabi Atti , Nadio Nafadjara Abouwaliou , Tounou Agbéko Kodjo , Glitho Isabelle Adolé , Sanda Komla
Published: August 2023

Fruit flies are a major constraint on the production and marketing of fruits and vegetables in Togo. It is important to master the  bioecology of fruits flies before setting up a method for managing their populations effectively, sustainably, at low cost and with regard  for environment health. In this context, this study was carried out to evaluate interaction between fruit flies and their respective host  plants. Fruits and vegetables were sampled in 2019 in ecological zones III, IV and V in Togo. Fruits and vegetables incubation allowed to  identify 15 host plants associated with 8 species of fruit flies belonging to the genera Bactrocera, Ceratitis, Dacus and Zeugodacus.  Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) and Ceratitis cosyra (Walker) were the most abundant with respectively 47.51 and 46.03% of the 6858 flies  recovered. The infestation rate of the mango by B. dorsalis ranged from 1.93 to 70.83 flies/kg of fruit. Among the 7 host plants associated  with B. dorsalis, the mango was the most infested cultivated fruit and the African apple the most infested wild fruit (F = 3.077, df = 6, p =  0.008). This study expands the available database on the interactions between fruit flies and their hosts in Togo.
Impact of Cannabidiol oil and prednisolone on liver enzymes, oxidative stress markers and liver histology in cadmium induced toxicity in male Wistar rats
Authors: Mobisson Samuel K. , Onyebuagu Peter C. , Wopara Iheanyichukwu , Izunwanne Desmond , Madu Emmanuel C. , Emeruem Augustine C. , Monye Justin B. , Obembe Agona O.
Published: August 2023

Background: This study aimed to ascertain the effect of cannabidiol (CBD) oil and prednisolone on serum liver enzyme markers and hepatic oxidative stress markers on cadmium-induced toxicity in male Wistar rats. Forty (40) male Wistar rats weighing between 150g to 200g were assigned into 8 groups (A-H) of five animals each. Group 1 served as control, Groups 2-8 received 1mg/kg body weight of prednisolone; 1.5mg/kg bw of cadmium; 1mg/kg bw of prednisolone + 0.2mg/kg bw of CBD-oil; 0.2mg/kg bw of CBD-oil + 2mg/kg bw of cadmium; 3mg/kg bw of prednisolone + 2mg/kg of cadmium; 0.1mg/kg bw of CBD-oil and 0.2mg/kg bw of CBD-oil respectively. The administration was done using an orogastric tube (gavage) for 14 days. Results revealed a significant decrease in the concentration of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in all treated groups compared to control. Furthermore, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) showed a significant (p<0.05) decrease in all treated groups compared to control. There was a significant decrease in the concentration of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in treated groups compared to the control. Liver catalase significantly increased in rats fed with pred +cadmium compared to control and other treated groups. Liver superoxide dismutase (SOD) significantly decreased in (p<0.05) the group treated with cadmium compared to the control and prednisolone groups. Liver malondialdehyde concentration did not reveal any significant change (p>0.05). Liver glutathione peroxidase significantly decreased in treated groups than in control. Liver-reduced glutathione significantly decreased across treated groups than the control. Histology of the liver revealed degeneration of hepatocytes and vascular congestion in groups treated with prednisolone, prednisolone+ cadmium, and CBD oil (0.2mg/kg). We conclude that CBD oil, prednisolone, and Cadmium administration at different doses decreased the concentration of serum liver enzyme and oxidative stress markers but caused local inflammation of the liver. If this study is applicable to humans, CBD-oil and prednisolone should be cautiously taken as they may likely present adverse effects, especially in people with liver disease.
An axiomatization for the universal theory of the Heisenberg group
Authors: Gaglione Anthony M. , Spellman Dennis
Published: August 2023

The Heisenberg group, here denoted $H$, is the group of all $3\times 3$ upper
unitriangular matrices with entries in the ring $\mathbb{Z}$ of integers. A.G.
Myasnikov posed the question of whether or not the universal theory of $H$, in
the language of $H$, is axiomatized, when the models are restricted to
$H$-groups, by the quasi-identities true in $H$ together with the assertion
that the centralizers of noncentral elements be abelian. Based on earlier
published partial results we here give a complete proof of a slightly stronger
result.