bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association among Fibrinolytic Proteins, Metabolic Syndrome Components, Insulin Secretion, and Resistance in Schoolchildren
Authors: Chen Jin-Shuen , Wu Chung-Ze , Chu Nain-Feng , Chang Li-Chien , Pei Dee , Lin Yuh-Feng
Published: November 2015

We investigated the role of urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) and its soluble receptors (suPAR) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in metabolic syndrome (MetS) components, insulin secretion, and resistance in schoolchildren. We enrolled 387 children, aged 10.3 ± 1.5 years, in Taipei. Anthropometry, fibrinolytic proteins, MetS components, insulin secretion, and resistance were measured. Subjects were divided into normal, overweight, and obese groups. Finally, the relationship between fibrinolytic proteins and metabolic syndrome in boys and girls was analyzed. In boys, PAI-1 was positively associated with body mass index (BMI) percentile, hypertriglyceride, insulin secretion, and resistance. In girls, PAI-1 was positively associated with obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and insulin secretion. In girls, uPA was positively associated with insulin secretion. suPAR was positively associated with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in both boys and girls, and with BMI percentile and body fat in girls. The obese boys had higher suPAR and PAI-1 levels than the normal group. The obese girls had higher uPA, suPAR, and PAI-1 than the normal group. Boys and girls with MetS had higher PAI-1. Fibrinolytic proteins, especially PAI-1, are associated with MetS components and insulin secretion in children. Fibrinolytic proteins changes were more likely to occur in girls than in boys.
Increased Mesenchymal Stem Cell Response and DecreasedStaphylococcus aureusAdhesion on Titania Nanotubes without Pharmaceuticals
Authors: Xu Zhiqiang , Lai Yingzhen , Wu Dong , Huang Wenxiu , Huang Sijia , Zhou Lin , Chen Jiang
Published: November 2015

Titanium (Ti) implants with enhanced biocompatibility and antibacterial property are highly desirable and characterized by improved success rates. In this study, titania nanotubes (TNTs) with various tube diameters were fabricated on Ti surfaces through electrochemical anodization at 10, 30, and 60 V (denoted as NT10, NT30, and NT60, resp.). Ti was also investigated and used as a control. NT10 with a diameter of 30 nm could promote the adhesion and proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) without noticeable differentiation. NT30 with a diameter of 100 nm could support the adhesion and proliferation of BMSCs and induce osteogenesis. NT60 with a diameter of 200 nm demonstrated the best ability to promote cell spreading and osteogenic differentiation; however, it clearly impaired cell adhesion and proliferation. As the tube diameter increased, bacterial adhesion on the TNTs decreased and reached the lowest value on NT60. Therefore, NT30 without pharmaceuticals could be used to increase mesenchymal stem cell response and decreaseStaphylococcus aureusadhesion and thus should be further studied for improving the efficacy of Ti-based orthopedic implants.
Very Long Term Stability of Mixed Chimerism after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients with Hematologic Malignancies
Authors: Levrat Emmanuel , Roosnek Eddy , Masouridi Stavroula , Mohty Bilal , Ansari Marc , Villard Jean , Passweg Jakob R. , Chalandon Yves
Published: November 2015

The objective of this study is to analyze the evolution of chimerism of all patients transplanted for hematologic malignancies in our unit during a 20-year period, alive without relapse at 1 year after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Chimerism was tested using short tandem repeat polymorphisms after separation into mononuclear cells and granulocytes by Ficoll density gradient centrifugation. Of 155 patients studied, 89 had full chimerism (FC), 36 mononuclear cells mixed chimerism (MNC-MC), and 30 granulocytic MC with or without mononuclear cells MC (Gran-MC). Survival was significantly better in MNC-MC than in Gran-MC patients, with FC patients being intermediate. There was more disease relapse in the Gran-MC group but not in the MNC-MC group as compared to FC. MC was stable up to 21 years in the MNC-MC group and up to 19 years in the Gran-MC group. Of MC patients alive at 10 years, MC persisted in 83% in the MNC-MC and 57% in the Gran-MC groups. In conclusion, mixed chimerism may remain stable over a very long time period. In survivors without relapse at 1 year after HSCT, determining lineage specific chimerism may be useful as outcome differs, MNC-MC being associated with better outcome than Gran-MC.
General Analysis of Timoshenko Beams on Elastic Foundation
Authors: Abohadima S. , Taha M. , Abdeen M. A. M.
Published: November 2015

General analytical solutions for stability, free and forced vibration of an axially loaded Timoshenko beam resting on a two-parameter foundation subjected to nonuniform lateral excitation are obtained using recursive differentiation method (RDM). Elastic restraints for rotation and translation are assumed at the beam ends to investigate the effect of support weakening on the beam behavior. However, the effects of rotational inertia and shear stress induced from the axial load are considered. The obtained solutions are verified first and then used to investigate the significance of different parameters on the beam behavior. In addition, solutions of forced vibration are analyzed to highlight the effects of excitation nonhomogeneity on the beam behavior.
Clinical Outcomes and Urodynamic Effects of Tailored Transvaginal Mesh Surgery for Pelvic Organ Prolapse
Authors: Chang Ting-Chen , Hsiao Sheng-Mou , Chen Chi-Hau , Wu Wen-Yih , Lin Ho-Hsiung
Published: November 2015

Objective. To evaluate the clinical outcomes and urodynamic effects of tailored anterior transvaginal mesh surgery (ATVM) and tailored posterior transvaginal mesh surgery (PTVM).Methods. We developed ATVM for the simultaneous correction of cystocele and stress urinary incontinence and PTVM for the simultaneous correction of enterocoele, uterine prolapse, vaginal stump prolapse, and rectocele.Results. A total of 104 women enrolled. The median postsurgical follow-up was 25.5 months. The anatomic cure rate was 98.1% (102/104). Fifty-eight patients underwent urodynamic studies before and after surgeries. The pad weight decreased from 29.3 ± 43.1 to 6.4 ± 20.9 g at 3 months. Among the 20 patients with ATVM, 13 patients had objective stress urinary incontinence (SUI) at baseline while 8 patients came to have no demonstrated SUI (NDSUI), and 2 improved after surgery. Among the 38 patients who underwent ATVM and PTVM, 24 had objective SUI at baseline while 18 came to have NDSUI, and 2 improved after surgery. Mesh extrusion (n= 4), vaginal hematoma (n= 3), and voiding difficulty (n= 2) were noted postoperatively. Quality of life was substantially improved.Conclusions. Our findings document the advantages of these two novel pelvic reconstructive surgeries for pelvic organ prolapse, which had a positive impact on quality of life. ATVM surgery additionally provided an anti-incontinence effect. This clinical trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02178735).
Identification of Anti‐Long Chain Saturated Fatty Acid IgG Antibodies in Serum of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Nicholas Dequina A. , Salto Lorena M. , Boston Ava M. , Kim Nan Sun , Larios Marco , Beeson W. Lawrence , Firek Anthony F. , Casiano Carlos A. , Langridge William H. R. , Cordero-MacIntyre Zaida , De Leon Marino
Published: November 2015

High levels of serum long chain saturated fatty acids (LCSFAs) have been associated with inflammation in type 2 diabetes. Dietary SFAs can promote inflammation, the secretion of IgG antibodies, and secretion of the proinflammatory cytokine IL‐1β. This study characterizes anti‐LCSFA IgG antibodies from patients with type 2 diabetes. Serum samples from several cohorts with type 2 diabetes were analyzed for the presence of anti‐LCSFA IgG, the cytokine IL‐1β, and nonesterified fatty acids. Anti‐LCSFA IgG was isolated from patient samples and used for in vitro characterization of avidity and specificity. A cohort participating in En Balance, a diabetes health education program that improved diabetes management, tested positive for anti‐LCSFA IgG. Following the 3‐month program, the cohort showed a significant reduction in anti‐LCSFA IgG levels. Anti‐LCSFA antibodies isolated from these patients demonstrated high avidity, were specific for long chain SFAs, and correlated with serum fatty acids in patients with managed type 2 diabetes. Interestingly, anti‐LCSFA IgG neutralized PA‐induced IL‐1β secretion by dendritic cells. Our data shows that nonesterified SFAs are recognized by IgG antibodies present in human blood. The identification of anti‐LCSFA IgG antibodies in human sera establishes a basis for further exploration of lipid induced immune responses in diabetic patients.
Mitral Subvalvular Aneurysm in a Patient with Chagas Disease and Recurrent Episodes of Ventricular Tachycardia
Authors: Grillo Tereza Augusta , Athayde Guilherme Rafael S. , Belfort Ana Flávia L. , Miranda Reynaldo C. , Beaton Andrea Z. , Nascimento Bruno R.
Published: November 2015

Subvalvular left ventricular aneurysm is a rare disease of obscure origin suggesting unique causes such as congenital, traumatic, and inflammatory or infectious diseases. Its mortality is closely related to heart failure, mitral insufficiency, thromboembolic phenomena, and cardiac arrhythmias. Although association with coronary artery disease is not described, the compression of epicardial vessels by the aneurysm may lead to ischemic manifestations. We report here a case of mitral subvalvular left ventricular aneurysm of probable chagasic origin, in a patient with normal left ventricular function evolving with repeated episodes of monomorphic ventricular tachycardia, despite noninducible electrophysiological testing and the use of optimal medical treatment, including amiodarone. The indication for implantable cardioverter-defibrillator in patients with Chagas cardiomyopathy and segmental wall motion abnormalities but without global systolic dysfunction remains unclear in literature, even in the presence of complex ventricular arrhythmias. A brief review of the literature on morphological features, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment will be also discussed.
Laparoscopic Management of a Complex Adrenal Cyst
Authors: Kodama Koichi , Takase Yasukazu , Niikura Susumu , Shimizu Akiko , Tatsu Hiroki , Saito Katsuhiko
Published: November 2015

Adrenal cysts are rare, and their clinical management remains controversial. We report a case involving an adrenal cyst with a complicated appearance on radiological studies. Unenhanced computed tomography revealed a unilocular, noncalcified, hypoattenuating mass with a thin wall in the left adrenal gland. The lesion gradually increased in size from 10 to 50 mm at two-year follow-up. On contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, a mural nodule with contrast enhancement was observed. The entire adrenal gland was exciseden blocvia a lateral transperitoneal laparoscopic approach without violating the principles of surgical oncology. The pathological diagnosis was an adrenal pseudocyst. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy is a safe option for the treatment of complex adrenal cysts, while maintaining the benefits of minimal invasiveness.
Flexible and Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks for Detecting Rainfall-Induced Landslides
Authors: Nguyen Chinh D. , Tran Tan D. , Tran Nghia D. , Huynh Tue Huu , Nguyen Duc T.
Published: November 2015

The effect of climate change and human activities leads to a series of dangerous phenomena, such as landslides and flood. In such a context, building a system to monitor environmental hazards is seriously needed. Some studies propose to use wireless sensor network (WSN) technique for landslide monitoring systems. Two important factors for these systems are the flexibility and the energy management. This paper focuses on the development of a flexible and efficient WSN for detecting rainfall-induced landslides. A flexible switching between star and tree topologies is used to adapt to weather conditions in order to maximize the reliability of the transmission. Moreover, the power management is designed concurrently with the weather condition to improve both the operation reliability and the power efficiency. The performance of our designed WSN is evaluated by both simulation and outdoor experiment. Detailed calculation of the power budget is presented thoughtfully to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Enterohepatic Migration of Fish Bone Resulting in Liver Abscess
Authors: Ede Chikwendu , Sobnach Sanju , Kahn Delawir , Bhyat Ahmed
Published: November 2015

Liver abscess formation due to enterohepatic migration of a foreign body is extremely rare. Foreign body ingestion is generally an unconscious and painless event, thus complicating preoperative diagnosis in most patients. We report the case of a 61-year-old man who presented with secondary peritonitis from a ruptured hepatic abscess after an ingested fish bone migrated into the liver.
Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Partial Colpectomy and Intracorporeal Ileal Conduit Urinary Diversion (Bricker) for Cervical Adenocarcinoma Recurrence
Authors: Uzan Jennifer , Cornou Caroline , Bensaid Chérazade , Audenet François , Ngô Charlotte , Bats Anne-Sophie , Lecuru Fabrice
Published: November 2015

Ileal conduit urinary diversion (Bricker) is a standard surgical open procedure. The Da Vinci robot allowed precision for this surgical procedure, especially for intracorporeal suturing. Meanwhile, few reports of robot-assisted laparoscopic ileal conduit diversion (Bricker) are described in the literature. We report the case of a 69-year-old patient with a vaginal recurrence of cervical adenocarcinoma associated with vesicovaginal fistula treated by robot-assisted laparoscopic partial colpectomy and ileal conduit urinary diversion (Bricker). The robot-assisted laparoscopic procedure followed all surgical steps of the open procedure. Postoperative period was free of complications.
Price-Efficiency Relationship for Photovoltaic Systems on a Global Basis
Authors: Cengiz Mehmet Sait , Mamiş Mehmet Salih
Published: November 2015

Solar energy is the most abundant, useful, efficient, and environmentally friendly source of renewable energy. In addition, in recent years, the capacity of photovoltaic electricity generation systems has increased exponentially throughout the world given an increase in the economic viability and reliability of photovoltaic systems. Moreover, many studies state that photovoltaic power systems will play a key role in electricity generation in the future. When first produced, photovoltaic systems had short lifetimes. Currently, through development, the technology lifecycle of photovoltaic systems has increased to 20–25 years. Studies showed that photovoltaic systems would be broadly used in the future, a conclusion reached by considering the rapidly decreasing cost of photovoltaic systems. Because price analysis is very important for energy marketing, in this study, a review of the cost potential factors on photovoltaic panels is realized and the expected cost potential of photovoltaic systems is examined considering numerous studies.
A Genetic Algorithm Based Minimal Maximal Load Tree Routing Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Huang Zhi
Published: November 2015

The key issue of static routing algorithms is how to construct an energy efficient routing tree that is utilized during the whole network duration in order to extend network lifetime. In this paper, we have illuminated that, in applications that define network lifetime as the time when the first sensor dies, the optimal routing tree should be the routing tree with minimal maximal load of all sensors and named such trees the Minimal Maximal Load Tree (MMLT). Since the procedure of constructing a routing tree is complex and the number of possible routing trees in a network is very huge, we have proposed a genetic algorithm (GA) based algorithm to obtain approximate Minimal Maximal Load Tree (MMLT). Each individual corresponds to a routing tree, and the fitness function is defined as the maximal load of all sensors in accordance with the routing tree that the individual corresponds to. Thus, approximate MMLT is obtained and network lifetime is extended. Simulation results show that our proposed algorithm notably extends network lifetime.
Genetic Variations inABCG2Gene Predict Breast Carcinoma Susceptibility and Clinical Outcomes after Treatment with Anthracycline-Based Chemotherapy
Authors: Wu Huizhe , Liu Yong , Kang Hui , Xiao Qinghuan , Yao Weifan , Zhao Haishan , Wang Enhua , Wei Minjie
Published: November 2015

The genetic variants of the ATP-binding cassette, subfamily G, member 2 (ABCG2) are known to be involved in developing cancer risk and interindividual differences in chemotherapeutic response. The polymorphisms inABCG2gene were genotyped by using PCR-RFLP assays. We found thatABCG2G34A GA/AA genotype, C421A AA genotype, and haplotypes 34A-421C and 34G-421A were significantly associated with increased risk for developing breast carcinoma. Furthermore,ABCG2C421A AA homozygote had a significant enhanced therapeutic response in patients with neoadjuvant anthracycline-based chemotherapy. Moreover,ABCG2G34A AA genotype carriers displayed a longer OS in ER positive patients or PR positive patients after postoperative anthracycline-based chemotherapy. These results suggested that theABCG2polymorphisms might be a candidate pharmacogenomic factor to assess susceptibility and prognosis for breast carcinoma patients.
Model Predictive Control for Load Frequency Control with Wind Turbines
Authors: Zhang Yi , Liu Xiangjie , Yan Yujia
Published: November 2015

Reliable load frequency (LFC) control is crucial to the operation and design of modern electric power systems. Considering the LFC problem of a four-area interconnected power system with wind turbines, this paper presents a distributed model predictive control (DMPC) based on coordination scheme. The proposed algorithm solves a series of local optimization problems to minimize a performance objective for each control area. The scheme incorporates the two critical nonlinear constraints, for example, the generation rate constraint (GRC) and the valve limit, into convex optimization problems. Furthermore, the algorithm reduces the impact on the randomness and intermittence of wind turbine effectively. A performance comparison between the proposed controller with and that without the participation of the wind turbines is carried out. Good performance is obtained in the presence of power system nonlinearities due to the governors and turbines constraints and load change disturbances.
Gender Differences in the Behavioral Symptom Severity of Prader-Willi Syndrome
Authors: Gito Masao , Ihara Hiroshi , Ogata Hiroyuki , Sayama Masayuki , Murakami Nobuyuki , Nagai Toshiro , Ayabe Tadayuki , Oto Yuji , Shimoda Kazutaka
Published: November 2015

Objectives. This study measured gender differences in Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) in regard to the severity of behavioral symptoms.Methods. The Food Related Problem Questionnaire (FRPQ), the Aberrant Behavior Checklist Japanese Version, the Childhood Routines Inventory, the Pervasive Developmental Disorders Autism Society Japan Rating Scale, and Japanese ADHD-RS were administered to PWS patients (45 males aged 6 to 58 and 37 females aged 6 to 45). To examine the effects that gender and genotype have on the severity of each symptom, two-way ANOVAs were conducted.Results. Significant interactions were found only in regard to FRPQ scores, such as FRPQ total score (F(1, 78)= 8.43,p<0.01). The FRPQ of male deletion (DEL) individuals was higher than that of female DEL and male mUPD. The FRPQ of male maternal uniparental disomy (mUPD) was lower than that of female mUPD.Conclusions. In terms of problem behaviors, routines, autistic behaviors, and hyperactivity, no significant differences were found. Food-related behaviors in DEL were more severe in males, although those in mUPD were less severe in males.
Dysfunctional High-Density Lipoprotein: An Innovative Target for Proteomics and Lipidomics
Authors: Salazar Juan , Olivar Luis Carlos , Ramos Eduardo , Chávez-Castillo Mervin , Rojas Joselyn , Bermúdez Valmore
Published: November 2015

High-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (HDL-C) is regarded as an important protective factor against cardiovascular disease, with abundant evidence of an inverse relationship between its serum levels and risk of cardiovascular disease, as well as various antiatherogenic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Nevertheless, observations of hereditary syndromes featuring scant HDL-C concentration in absence of premature atherosclerotic disease suggest HDL-C levels may not be the best predictor of cardiovascular disease. Indeed, the beneficial effects of HDL may not depend solely on their concentration, but also on their quality. Distinct subfractions of this lipoprotein appear to be constituted by specific protein-lipid conglomerates necessary for different physiologic and pathophysiologic functions. However, in a chronic inflammatory microenvironment, diverse components of the HDL proteome and lipid core suffer alterations, which propel a shift towards a dysfunctional state, where HDL-C becomes proatherogenic, prooxidant, and proinflammatory. This heterogeneity highlights the need for further specialized molecular studies in this aspect, in order to achieve a better understanding of this dysfunctional state; with an emphasis on the potential role for proteomics and lipidomics as valuable methods in the search of novel therapeutic approaches for cardiovascular disease.
Optimization of Steering System of Forklift Vehicle for Idle Performance
Authors: Shen Yuan , Chu Biao , Liu DongCai , Zhu Chang’an
Published: November 2015

This paper presents an optimal design process for the steering system of a forklift vehicle. An efficient procedure for minimizing the engine-induced idle vibration is developed in this study. Reciprocating unbalance and gas pressure torque as two major sources of engine excitation are studied. Using the field vibration tests and FEM analysis, the cause and characteristics of steering system’s idle vibration are recognized. So as to distribute the characteristic modes based on the optimization strategy, global sensitivity analysis of the main parameters is also carried out to achieve the optimal combination of the optimization factors. Based on all analysis above, some structure modifications for optimization are presented to control the idle vibration. The effectiveness and rationality of the improvements are also verified through experimental prototyping testing. This study also makes it possible to provide a design guideline using CAE (computer aided engineering) analysis for some other objects.
Recuperation of theTerra FirmeForest Understory Bird Fauna Eight Years after a Wildfire in Eastern Acre, Brazil
Authors: Lemos da Silva Tatiana , Lemes Marques Edilaine , Guilherme Edson
Published: November 2015

The present study evaluated the characteristics of the understory bird fauna of four fragments ofterra firmeforest in eastern Acre, Brazil, that were impacted by wildfires in 2005. The study investigated the species richness and the composition of trophic guilds using mist-netting on eight transects (four in burned plots and four in control plots in the same forest fragments). Eight plots (0.12 ha) were also established parallel to each transect to record the number of live trees (DBH ≥ 10 cm), palms, and dead trees. Bamboo stems were quantified in 0.024 ha subplots. No significant difference was found between burned and control plots in the species richness or abundance of birds, nor was any significant pattern found in the NMDS ordination of the composition of the communities or guilds. The Principal Components Analysis (PCA) found that the burned plots were physiognomically distinct, due principally to the number of bamboo stems and dead trees. Multiple regressions based on the PCA scores and bird species richness and abundance found no significant trends. The findings of the present study indicate that the understory bird assemblage of the areas affected by a single wildfire in 2005 had almost totally recuperated eight years after this event.
Homogenous Good Outcome in a Heterogeneous Group of Tumors: An Institutional Series of Outcomes of Superficial Soft Tissue Sarcomas
Authors: Francescutti Valerie , Sanghera Sartaj S. , Cheney Richard T. , Miller Austin , Salerno Kilian , Burke Rachel , Skitzki Joseph J. , Kane John M.
Published: November 2015

Introduction. Superficial soft tissue sarcomas (S-STS) are generally amenable to wide excision. We hypothesized that local recurrence (LR) should be low, even without radiation therapy (RT), and sought to examine the contribution of depth to LR and OS.Methods. Patients with S-STS were retrospectively reviewed. Demographics, tumor features, treatment received, and outcomes were analyzed.Results. 103 patients were identified. Median age was 55 years; 53% of patients were female. Tumor site was 39% in trunk, 38% in the lower extremity, 14% in the upper extremity, and 9% in other locations. The most common histology was 36% leiomyosarcoma. Median tumor size was 2.8 cm (range 0.2–14 cm). Sixty-six percent of tumors were of intermediate/high grade. RT was administered preoperatively in 6% of patients and postoperatively in 15% of patients. An R0 resection was accomplished in 92%. At a median follow-up of 34.2 months (range 2.3–176), 9 patients had a LR (8.7%). Tumor size and grade were not associated with LR. OS was not associated with any tumor or patient variables on univariate analysis.Conclusions. LR was low for S-STS, even with large or high grade tumors and selective use of RT. Surgical resection alone may be adequate therapy for most patients. Superficial location seems to supersede other factors imparting a good prognosis for this group of tumors.
Perspective Biological Markers for Autism Spectrum Disorders: Advantages of the Use of Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves in Evaluating Marker Sensitivity and Specificity
Authors: Abruzzo Provvidenza M. , Ghezzo Alessandro , Bolotta Alessandra , Ferreri Carla , Minguzzi Renato , Vignini Arianna , Visconti Paola , Marini Marina
Published: November 2015

Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental disorders. Recognized causes of ASD include genetic factors, metabolic diseases, toxic and environmental factors, and a combination of these. Available tests fail to recognize genetic abnormalities in about 70% of ASD children, where diagnosis is solely based on behavioral signs and symptoms, which are difficult to evaluate in very young children. Although it is advisable that specific psychotherapeutic and pedagogic interventions are initiated as early as possible, early diagnosis is hampered by the lack of nongenetic specific biological markers. In the past ten years, the scientific literature has reported dozens of neurophysiological and biochemical alterations in ASD children; however no real biomarker has emerged. Such literature is here reviewed in the light of Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis, a very valuable statistical tool, which evaluates the sensitivity and the specificity of biomarkers to be used in diagnostic decision making. We also apply ROC analysis to some of our previously published data and discuss the increased diagnostic value of combining more variables in one ROC curve analysis. We also discuss the use of biomarkers as a tool for advancing our understanding of nonsyndromic ASD.
Optimal Configuration of Virtual Links for Avionics Network Systems
Authors: An Dongha , Kim Kyong Hoon , Kim Ki-Il
Published: November 2015

As the bandwidth and scalability constraints become important design concerns in airborne networks, a new technology, called Avionics Full Duplex Switched Ethernet (AFDX), has been introduced and standardized as a part 7 in ARNIC 664. However, since previous research interests for AFDX are mainly bounded for analyzing the response time where flows information is given, configuration problem for both Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) and Bandwidth Allocation Gap (BAG) over virtual links in AFDX networks has not been addressed yet even though it has great impact on required bandwidth. Thus, in this paper, we present two configuration approaches to set MTU and BAG values on virtual links efficiently while meeting the requirement of AFDX. The first is to search available feasible configuration (MTU, BAG) pairs to satisfy application requirements as well as AFDX switch constraints, and the second is to get an optimal pair to minimize required bandwidth through well-known branch-and-bound algorithm. We analyze the complexity of the proposed algorithm and then evaluate the proposed algorithm by simulation. Finally, we prove that the proposed schemes are superior to general approach in the aspects of speed and required bandwidth in AFDX networks.
Discontinuous Galerkin Method for Material Flow Problems
Authors: Göttlich Simone , Schindler Patrick
Published: November 2015

For the simulation of material flow problems based on two-dimensional hyperbolic partial differential equations different numerical methods can be applied. Compared to the widely used finite volume schemes we present an alternative approach, namely, the discontinuous Galerkin method, and explain how this method works within this framework. An extended numerical study is carried out comparing the finite volume and the discontinuous Galerkin approach concerning the quality of solutions.
Anti-Inflammation Property ofSyzygium cumini(L.) Skeels on Indomethacin-Induced Acute Gastric Ulceration
Authors: Chanudom Lanchakon , Tangpong Jitbanjong
Published: November 2015

Indomethacin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs), induced gastric damage and perforation through the excess generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS).Syzygium cumini(L.) Skeels is commonly used as a medicinal plant and is claimed to have antioxidant activities. The effects ofSyzygium cumini(L.) Skeels aqueous extract (SCC) on antifree radical, anti-inflammation, and antiulcer of SCC on indomethacin induced acute gastric ulceration were determined in our study. Scavenging activity at 50% of SCC is higher than ascorbic acid inin vitrostudy. Mice treated with indomethacin revealed mucosal hemorrhagic lesion and inhibited mucus content. Pretreatment with SCC caused discernible decrease in indomethacin induced gastric lesion and lipid peroxide content. In addition, oxidized glutathione (GSSG), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), nitric oxide (NO) levels, and gastric wall mucus were restored on acute treated mice model. Indomethacin induced inflammation by activated inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) proinflammatory cytokines to release large amount of ROS/RNS which were ameliorated in mice pretreatment with SCC. SCC showed restoration of the imbalance of oxidative damage leading to amelioration of cyclooxygenase enzyme (COX). In conclusion, SCC acts as an antioxidant, anti-inflammation, and antiulcer against indomethacin.
On Modified Algorithm for Fourth-Grade Fluid
Authors: Awan Farah Jabeen , Mehmood Asif , Mohyud-Din Syed Tauseef , Hassan Saleh M.
Published: November 2015

This paper shows the analysis of the thin film flow of fourth-grade fluid on the outer side of a vertical cylinder. Solution of the governing nonlinear equation is obtained by Rational Homotopy Perturbation Method (RHPM); comparison with exact solution reflects the reliability of the method. Analysis shows that this method is reliable for even high nonlinearity. Graphs and tables strengthen the idea.
Adipsin Is Associated with Multiple Sclerosis: A Follow-Up Study of Adipokines
Authors: Natarajan Renuka , Hagman Sanna , Hämälainen Mari , Leppänen Tiina , Dastidar Prasun , Moilanen Eeva , Elovaara Irina
Published: November 2015

Background and Objective. The role of adipokines in regulation of immune responses has been recognized, but very little is known about their impact on multiple sclerosis (MS). In this study, we analysed whether the major adipokines are differentially expressed in plasma of patients with different MS subtypes and clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and explored their association with major disease characteristics.Methods. The levels of adiponectin, adipsin, leptin, and resistin in the plasma of 80 patients with different subtypes of MS and CIS were followed up annually over the two years. The data obtained were correlated with disease activity, EDSS and volumes of T1-weighted lesions (T1-LV), and fluid attenuation inversion recovery lesions (FLAIR-LV) on MRI.Results. In MS group, a correlation was found between the level of adipsin and EDSS score at baseline (r=0.506,p<0.001). In RRMS, the levels of adipsin correlated with EDSS scores (r=0.542,p=0.002), T1-LV (r=0.410,p=0.034), and FLAIR-LV (r=0.601,p=0.0001) at baseline and an increase in the T1-LV over the follow-up (r=0.582,p=0.003). Associations with other adipokines were not detected.Conclusion. Our exploratory study provides novel insights on the impact of adipokines in MS and suggests that adipsin exerts predictive potential as a biomarker of neurodegeneration.
Effects of a Proprietary StandardizedOrthosiphon stamineusEthanolic Leaf Extract on Enhancing Memory in Sprague Dawley Rats Possibly via Blockade of Adenosine A2AReceptors
Authors: George Annie , Chinnappan Sasikala , Choudhary Yogendra , Choudhary Vandana Kotak , Bommu Praveen , Wong Hoi Jin
Published: November 2015

The aim of the study was to explore a propriety standardized ethanolic extract from leaves ofOrthosiphon stamineusBenth in improving impairments in short-term social memoryin vivo,possibly via blockade of adenosine A2Areceptors (A2AR). The ethanolic extract ofO. stamineusleaves showed significantin vitrobinding activity of A2AR with 74% inhibition at 150 μg/ml and significant A2AR antagonist activity with 98% inhibition at 300 μg/mL. A significant adenosine A1receptor (A1R) antagonist activity with 100%inhibition was observed at 300 μg/mL. Its effect on learning and memory was assessed via social recognition task using Sprague Dawley rats whereby the ethanolic extract ofO. stamineusshowed significant (p<0.001) change in recognition index (RI) at 300 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg p.o and 120 mg/kg i.p., respectively, compared to the vehicle control. In comparison, the ethanolic extract ofPolygonum minusaerial parts showed small change in inflexion; however, it remained insignificant in RI at 200 mg/kg p.o. Our findings suggest that the ethanolic extract ofO. stamineusleaves improves memory by reversing age-related deficits in short-term social memory and the possible involvement of adenosine A1and adenosine A2Aas a target bioactivity site in the restoration of memory.
Assessment of Corneal Biomechanical Properties by CorVis ST in Patients with Dry Eye and in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Long Qin , Wang Jingyi , Yang Xue , Jin Yumei , Ai Fengrong , Li Ying
Published: November 2015

Purpose. To investigate corneal biomechanical properties in patients with dry eye and in healthy subjects using Corneal Visualization Scheimpflug Technology (CorVis ST).Methods.Biomechanical parameters were measured using CorVis ST in 28 eyes of 28 patients with dry eye (dry eye group) and 26 normal subjects (control group). The Schirmer I test value, tear film break-up time (TBUT), and corneal staining score (CSS) were recorded for each eye. Biomechanical properties were compared between the two groups and bivariate correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship between biomechanical parameters and dry eye signs.Results.Only one of the ten biomechanical parameters was significantly different between the two groups. Patients in the dry eye group had significantly lower highest concavity time (HC-time) (P=0.02) than the control group. Correlation analysis showed a significant negative correlation between HC-time and CSS with marginalPvalue (ρ=-0.39,P=0.04) in the dry eye group.Conclusions.The corneal biomechanical parameter of HC-time is reduced in dry eyes compared to normal eyes. There was also a very weak but significant negative correlation between HC-time and CSS in the dry eye group, indicating that ocular surface damage can give rise to a more compliant cornea in dry eyes.
The Morphofunctional Effect of the Transplantation of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells and Predegenerated Peripheral Nerve in Chronic Paraplegic Rat Model via Spinal Cord Transection
Authors: Buzoianu-Anguiano Vinnitsa , Orozco-Suárez Sandra , García-Vences Elisa , Caballero-Chacón Sara , Guizar-Sahagún Gabriel , Chavez-Sanchez Luis , Grijalva Israel
Published: November 2015

Functional recovery following spinal cord injury (SCI) is limited by poor axonal and cellular regeneration as well as the failure to replace damaged myelin. Employed separately, both the transplantation of the predegenerated peripheral nerve (PPN) and the transplantation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) have been shown to promote the regrowth and remyelination of the damaged central axons in SCI models of hemisection, transection, and contusion injury. With the aim to test the effects of the combined transplantation of PPN and BMSC on regrowth, remyelination, and locomotor function in an adult rat model of spinal cord (SC) transection, 39 Fischer 344 rats underwent SC transection at T9 level. Four weeks later they were randomly assigned to traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) without treatment, TSCI + Fibrin Glue (FG), TSCI + FG + PPN, and TSCI + FG + PPN + BMSCs. Eight weeks after, transplantation was carried out on immunofluorescence and electron microscope studies. The results showed greater axonal regrowth and remyelination in experimental groups TSCI + FG + PPN and TSCI + FG + PPN + BMSCs analyzed with GAP-43, neuritin, and myelin basic protein. It is concluded that the combined treatment of PPN and BMSCs is a favorable strategy for axonal regrowth and remyelination in a chronic SC transection model.
Primary Hyperoxaluria Diagnosed Based on Bone Marrow Biopsy in Pancytopenic Adult with End Stage Renal Disease
Authors: Nematollahi Pardis , Mohammadizadeh Fereshteh
Published: November 2015

Inborn errors of metabolism cause increase of metabolites in serum and their deposition in various organs including bone marrow. Primary hyperoxaluria (PH) is a rare inborn error in the pathway of glyoxylate metabolism which causes excessive oxalate production. The disease is characterized by widespread deposition of calcium oxalate (oxalosis) in multiple organs. Urinary tract including renal parenchyma is the initial site of deposition followed by extrarenal organs such as bone marrow. This case report introduces a 54-year-old woman with end stage renal disease presenting with debilitating fatigue and pancytopenia. The remarkable point in her past medical history was recurrent episodes of nephrolithiasis, urolithiasis, and urinary tract infection since the age of 5 years and resultant end stage renal disease in adulthood in the absence of appropriate medical evaluation and treatment. She had an unsuccessful renal transplantation with transplant failure. The patient underwent bone marrow biopsy for evaluation of pancytopenia. Microscopic study of bone marrow biopsy led to the diagnosis of primary hyperoxaluria.
Effect of Electroacupuncture on Cell Apoptosis and ERK Signal Pathway in the Hippocampus of Adult Rats with Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion
Authors: Wu Chunxiao , Wang Jiao , Li Chun , Zhou Guoping , Xu Xiuhong , Zhang Xin , Lan Xiao
Published: November 2015

Background. EA therapy is a traditional therapeutic approach for alleviation of cerebral I/R-induced brain injury. We investigated the effect of EA on MCAO rat model to examine the mechanism of apoptosis in the rat hippocampus.Methods. 200 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham, I/R, EA, ERK inhibitor (PD), and ERK inhibitor+EA (PD+EA) groups. Each group was subdivided into 5 groups according to different time points. Locomotor behaviors were evaluated using neurological scales and morphological examination was performed using HE staining. Apoptosis index of neural cells in local infarcted area was measured by TUNEL and p-ERK expression was detected using immunohistochemistry technique and western blot analysis.Results. Neurological deficit scores and neural apoptosis in the EA group were lower than I/R group at the same time points, respectively. At different time points, p-ERK level was increased in the ischemic hippocampal CA1 in the EA group as compared to I/R group; the increased level was increased most at 1 day, 3 days, and 1 week (p<0.01).Conclusion. EA alleviates neurological deficit, reduces apoptosis index, and simultaneously upregulates the expression of p-ERK signal pathway in rats subjected to I/R injury.
Inflammation as a Keystone of Bone Marrow Stroma Alterations in Primary Myelofibrosis
Authors: Desterke Christophe , Martinaud Christophe , Ruzehaji Nadira , Le Bousse-Kerdilès Marie-Caroline
Published: November 2015

Primary myelofibrosis (PMF) is a clonal myeloproliferative neoplasm where severity as well as treatment complexity is mainly attributed to a long lasting disease and presence of bone marrow stroma alterations as evidenced by myelofibrosis, neoangiogenesis, and osteosclerosis. While recent understanding of mutations role in hematopoietic cells provides an explanation for pathological myeloproliferation, functional involvement of stromal cells in the disease pathogenesis remains poorly understood. The current dogma is that stromal changes are secondary to the cytokine “storm” produced by the hematopoietic clone cells. However, despite therapies targeting the myeloproliferation‐sustaining clones, PMF is still regarded as an incurable disease except for patients, who are successful recipients of allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Although the clinical benefits of these inhibitors have been correlated with a marked reduction in serum proinflammatory cytokines produced by the hematopoietic clones, further demonstrating the importance of inflammation in the pathological process, these treatments do not address the role of the altered bone marrow stroma in the pathological process. In this review, we propose hypotheses suggesting that the stroma is inflammatory‐imprinted by clonal hematopoietic cells up to a point where it becomes “independent” of hematopoietic cell stimulation, resulting in an inflammatory vicious circle requiring combined stroma targeted therapies.
Some Biochemical and Hematological Parameters among Petrol Station Attendants: A Comparative Study
Authors: Abou-ElWafa Hala Samir , Albadry Ahmed A. , El-Gilany Abdel-Hady , Bazeed Fagr B.
Published: November 2015

Objective. To describe selected biochemical and hematological parameters (blood picture, liver enzymes, and kidney functions) in petrol station attendants in Mansoura city.Methods. This is a comparative cross-sectional study. The exposed group included 102 petrol station attendants. They were compared to a matched group of healthy 102 male service and office workers at the Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University. The results of blood picture, liver enzymes, and kidney functions were compared between both groups.Results. Mean Red Blood Cells (RBCs) count, hemoglobin level, and Hematocrit (HCT) level were significantly lower in petrol station attendants than the comparison group. All other blood picture parameters showed nonsignificant difference between both groups. Liver enzymes, renal functions, serum albumin, and total protein showed statistically nonsignificant difference between both groups except for alanine aminotransferase (ALT) which was significantly higher in petrol station attendants.Conclusions. Some laboratory parameters among petrol station attendants showed changes that could be attributed to workplace exposure and should be given attention at preemployment and periodic medical examination.
An Investigation of Cancer Rates in the Argentia Region, Newfoundland and Labrador: An Ecological Study
Authors: Duke Pauline , Godwin Marshall , Peach Mandy , Fortier Jacqueline , Bornstein Stephen , Buehler Sharon , McCrate Farah , Pike Andrea , Wang Peizhong Peter , Cullen Richard M.
Published: November 2015

Background. The Argentia region of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada, was home to a US naval base during a 40-year period between the 1940s and the 1990s. Activities on the base resulted in contamination of the soil and groundwater in the region with chemicals such as heavy metals and dioxins, and residents have expressed concern about higher rates of cancer in their community. This study investigated the rate of cancer diagnosis that is disproportionately high in the Argentia region.Methods. Cases of cancer diagnosed between 1985 and 2011 were obtained for the Argentia region, two comparison communities, and the province of Newfoundland and Labrador. Crude and age-standardized incidence rates of cancer diagnosis were calculated and compared. The crude incidence rate was adjusted for differences in age demographics using census data, and age-standardized incidence rates were compared.Results. Although the Argentia region had a higher crude rate of cancer diagnosis, the age-standardized incidence rate did not differ significantly from the comparison communities or the provincial average. Argentia has an aging population, which may have influenced the perception of increased cancer diagnosis in the community.Conclusions. We did not detect an increased burden of cancer in the Argentia region.
Comparison of the Clinical Characteristics and Outcome of Benign and Malignant Eyelid Tumors: An Analysis of 4521 Eyelid Tumors in a Tertiary Medical Center
Authors: Huang Yu-Yun , Liang Wen-Yih , Tsai Chieh-Chih , Kao Shu-Ching , Yu Wei-Kuang , Kau Hui-Chuan , Liu Catherine Jui-Ling
Published: November 2015

We retrospectively reviewed the clinical features and outcome of benign and malignant eyelid tumors from 1995 to 2015 in a tertiary medical center. Among 4,521 histologically confirmed eyelid tumors, 4,294 (95.0%) were benign tumors and 227 (5.0%) were malignant tumors. The mean age at diagnosis was significantly higher in patients with malignant lid tumors than those with benign lid tumors (72.5 and 55.4 years, resp.,p<0.001). The most common benign eyelid tumors were intradermal nevus (21.1%), followed by seborrheic keratosis (12.6%) and xanthelasma (11.2%). The most common malignant eyelid tumors were basal cell carcinomas (57.8%), followed by sebaceous gland carcinomas (21.1%) and squamous cell carcinomas (10.1%). There was a relative male predominance (63.4% and 49.2%, resp.,p<0.001) and higher recurrence rate (11.9% and 4.4%, resp.,p<0.001) in malignant lid tumors as compared with those of benign lid tumors. Twenty-two patients (9.7%) received orbital exenteration/enucleation. Eight patients (3.5%) with malignant lid tumors died of disease. Patients with eyelid melanoma were associated with a high mortality rate (25.0%). It is important to differentiate between benign and malignant eyelid tumors, because they may cause cosmetic disfigurement and severe morbidity, especially in those with malignant eyelid tumors.