bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Overview of the Poverty-Alleviation by Supporting Education in China
Authors: Zhang Li
Published: September 2020

Poverty is a complex social problem, which has always attracted attention. 2020 is the year of a decisive victory for the Chinese government to alleviate poverty. Education plays a fundamental role in the fight against poverty and is the foundation for eradicating poverty and stabilizing poverty alleviation. Based on the literature in the CNKI database, this study took “poverty- alleviation by supporting education” as the subject, and conducted a bibliometric analysis of the publications in the field of China’s poverty alleviation by education during 1988-2020. Through analyzing the research time distribution and keyword, the results of poverty-alleviation by supporting education were sorted out and analyzed around three hotspots: the main framework of poverty alleviation, key models, and technical support. It is proposed that the research and development of China’s poverty-alleviation by supporting education should pay more attention to its evaluation and sublimation of empirical theory.
Comparative analysis of Lithuanian and Polish taxation system
Authors: Šalnytė Lina , Balkytė Giedrė
Published: September 2020

Comparison of tax systems may influence opinion of investors and businessmen because countries,  that have more favourable tax system and where the tax burden is less, seems more attractive for investment. Business owners, shareholders and other businessmen complain of the tax burden in Lithuania. Poland is one of the countries that managed the economic crisis, in spite of the fact that tax rates are higher in this country. The planned aim of the article is to do the comparative analysis of Lithuanian and Polish tax system.

In this article the analysis and comparison of Lithuania and Poland tax systems, structural and dynamic analysis of Lithuania and Poland budgets revenue, comparative analysis of the main taxes collection and their burden are presented.
Dose in biota due to alpha radionuclide emitters in a dan associated with a uranium mining
Authors: Pereira Wagner De Souza , Kelecom Alphonse , Do Carmo Alessander Sá , Campelo Emanuele Lazzaretti Cordova , Charles-Pierre Maxime , Padilha Filho Lucas Gomes , Souza Gilvan Cardoso , Lopez Jose Marques
Published: September 2020

Introdução: A  radioproteção tem como foco a proteção dos seres humanos e seus descendentes e a proteção do meio ambiente. A proteção ambiental sempre foi feita de forma indireta por meio da proteção do ser humano no meio ambiente. Essa abordagem antropocêntrica tem várias deficiências. Em sua recomendação de 2007, a Comissão Internacional de Proteção Radiológica - ICRP aponta para a necessidade de uma radioproteção ser feita no meio ambiente. Conclusão:  Os valores de concentração de atividade estiveram dentro das variações para emissores alfa na literatura e, com as taxas de estimativa de dose, nenhum efeito biológico relevante era esperado.
ANTIBACTERIAL SPECTRUM OF PRODUCED REUTERIN FROM NEW ISOLATES OF Lactobacillus reuteri
Authors: Niamah Alaa Kareem , Abdulmuttaleb A. Mohammed , Hussain Nawfal A.
Published: September 2020

A total number of 20 samples were collected from different local Iraqi sources. The samples were diluted and inoculated on MRS agar medium. After growth, the isolates were transferred on the modified MRS selective agar medium in order to get isolate of Lactobacillus reuteri which able the reuterin production. Five isolates were obtained from the human infant feces (1-3 months), which were tested by morphological, physio-biochemical assays and molecularly confirmed as L. reuteri by detection of the species gene specific. Electrophoresis of PCR products showed bands at the position 303pb while the sequencing and blasting results of these products were revealed 100% identity of three isolate products to a reference strain L. reuteri ATCC53608 and L. reuteri BPL-36. The fifth residual isolate was limited on physio-biochemical identification as L. reuteri due to failing in sequencing.
Infrared spectrum (FT-IR) of extracted reuterin from local isolated was matching with FT-IR of standard reuterin. The antimicrobial inhibitory spectrum of all five isolates was determined against 16 species of gram positive and gram-negative pathogens and food spoilage for their application in food bio-preservation. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were observed to be the most affected among the tested organisms, whereas L. acidophilus and L. plantarum were less affected among them.
EFFICACY OF LEMON GRASS (CYMBOPOGON CITRATUS STAPF.) ESSENTIAL OIL AS A NATURAL PRESERVATIVE IN READY-TO-DRINK MORINGA (MORINGA OLEIFERA LAM.) BEVERAGE
Authors: Lizardo Rona Camille , Romuga Gene Christian P.
Published: September 2020

Essential oil from a variety of sources has been proven to be effective antimicrobial for the past decades. However, its efficacy when applied to the food system is a major consideration. This study aimed to evaluate the antimycotic property of lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus Stapf.) essential oil (LGEO) and its effect on the microbial stability and quality of ready-to-drink (RTD) moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) beverage. Agar well diffusion assay was used to screen the antimycotic activity of the essential oil against common fungi that may grow in ready-to-drink beverages. The largest zone of inhibition (10.67 ± 1.15mm) was observed against the yeast Debaryomyces hansenii. It was followed by Hansenula anomala and Torulopsis candida with zones of inhibition of 5.67 ± 0.58 mm and 3.67 ± 0.58 mm, respectively. For molds, Penicillium roqueforti and Mucor rouxii were reported to have 2.33 ± 0.58 mm and 2.00 ± 1.00 mm zones of inhibition, respectively. Agar dilution method was performed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against each microorganism.  D. hansenii was the most susceptible yeast which was inhibited by 1.5 uL/mL of LGEO. It was followed by H. anomala and T. candida which were inhibited at minimum concentrations of 3 uL/mL and 5 uL/mL, respectively.  Microbial count monitoring of moringa beverage containing different concentrations of LGEO was performed within 10 days and 10 uL/mL of LGEO was found to be the most effective concentration in maintaining the stability of the beverage. The addition of LGEO combined with heat treatment exhibited a synergistic effect in the preservation of RTD moringa beverage. Sensory evaluation results indicated that addition of LGEO did not negatively affect the organoleptic properties of the drink. Results showed that LGEO is an effective antimycotic agent and a potential natural preservative in RTD moringa beverage.
VALIDATED MICROBIOLOGICAL ASSAY FOR JOSAMYCIN DETERMINATION IN ITS PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATIONS
Authors: MAHMOUDI Abdelghani , Zerkout Said , Van Schepdael Ann , Simon Laura-Mihaela , De Francia Silvia
Published: September 2020

A simple, inexpensive and efficient agar diffusion bioassay, applying cylinder plate method, for determination of josamycin (JOS) in pure and pharmaceutical dosage forms was studied. Using a strain of Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341 as the test organism, JOS at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 0.5 µg/mL could be measured. The calibration graph was linear with good correlation coefficient (r = 0.999), and the method validation showed that it was specific and robust. The interference effects of degradation products and excipients were investigated in order to assess the method selectivity. The proposed method was successfully applied to estimate JOS content in tablets and suspension with good precision (intra-day RSD=0.87%; inter-day RSD=1.25%) and accuracy; the recovery values were between 97.74 and 101.13%. Bioassay was correlated with UV spectrophotometric and high performance liquid chromatographic techniques.  The results obtained by these three methods were statistically analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA), which indicated that there was no significant difference among these methods. Therefore, we recommend this microbiological assay for drug analysis in routine quality control of josamycin in pharmaceuticals as an alternative to the physicochemical methods reported in the literature.
El giro del neoliberalismo al neofascismo: universalización y segregación en el sistema capitalista
Authors: Pavón-Cuellar David
Published: September 2020

El neoliberalismo y el neofascismo constituyen dos expresiones indisociables entre sí de una misma configuración actual del sistema capitalista. Esto es lo que el autor intenta demostrar con el auxilio de recursos conceptuales provenientes principalmente de las teorías marxista y freudiana-lacaniana. La demostración pasa por tres momentos: 1) la elucidación de las modalidades neoliberales de exacerbación, psicologización y universalización del funcionamiento capitalista; 2) la interpretación del neofascismo como una estrategia estética, segregativa y unificadora al servicio del neoliberalismo; 3) el análisis de formas neoliberales y neofascistas de concebir y relacionar la segregación y la discriminación, la exclusión y la explotación, la diferencia y la desigualdad, el desarrollo y el subdesarrollo, la propiedad y la privación.
El retorno del amo en tiempos de la pospolítica
Authors: Palma Florián Cristian Jesús
Published: September 2020

En la contemporaneidad asistimos a la emergencia de un orden social y político basado en la represión de la política y la negación de las subjetividades colectivas que han protagonizado la historia de la ciudadanía. En este nuevo orden, se pone en cuestión la operación del significante amo en calidad de sujeción del sujeto del inconsciente a la estructura, negando la causalidad y los efectos de su discurso en el lazo social. No obstante, aunque se niegue en el discurso público posideológico, los efectos del discurso del amo se dejan ver en su dimensión real, a través de formas de violencia que desbordan la capacidad social de gestionarla en la democracia consensual, lo cual plantea para la sociedad la necesidad de redefinir su relación con el goce de la política, desde la ética, para situar posibles salidas a la violencia social.
Desamarre. Malestar en lo político y crisis de los discursos: de una posible continuidad entre adicción y nacionalismo
Authors: Tuirán Rougeon María , Candiago Philippe
Published: September 2020

El movimiento social que tuvo lugar en Francia bajo el nombre de “chalecos amarillos” actualiza una vez más el malestar político en la representación. La política, en beneficio de los poderes apoyados por referencias de identidad arcaicas, está surgiendo en casi todas partes del planeta. ¿Estamos presenciando una desarticulación de lo simbólico y lo real? La llamada ciencia moderna ha excluido la enunciación del proceso de validación de sus declaraciones y ha llegado a la obsolescencia de las restricciones del goce instituidas por el Nombre del Padre y el campo del Otro; estas se han empobrecido con el desarrollo de la nueva economía psíquica y la promoción de los goces del cuerpo. ¿El despido de lo político representa el síntoma de una extensión en el vínculo social de recurso a la economía del signo? En consecuencia, el vigor preocupante que encuentran los nacionalismos puede interpretarse como un recurso en un callejón sin salida; ese de proponer el farmacéutico con este adictivo júbilo, al blandir su solución, para curarnos de “no es eso”, es decir, para eliminar la alteridad al movilizar el veneno de la segregación.
La angustia: su acústica y su negatividad política
Authors: Juárez-Salazar Edgar Miguel , Bernal Saldaña Diego Alberto
Published: September 2020

El presente artículo busca profundizar en las reflexiones psicoanalíticas sobre la condición de la angustia en el mundo actual. Para realizarlo, partimos de dos posiciones que se encuentran profundamente vinculadas: la clínica psicoanalítica y sus relaciones políticas. De esta manera, reflexionamos la idea de cuerpo como caja acústica donde tiene lugar la angustia como afecto y, paralelamente, la vinculación de los cuerpos en sus respuestas ante las demandas del sistema simbólico de la cultura. Nuestro recorrido pretende problematizar el lugar que ocupa el deseo y su ética en los márgenes del capitalismo y cómo se producen efectos a partir de las demandas simbólico-económicas hacia los sujetos.
La política del deseo contra la sociedad del espectáculo
Authors: León-López Patricia
Published: September 2020

Este trabajo busca demostrar la oposición entre dos orientaciones: la de una política del deseo, en la que lo real escapa a la representación, dejando existir en el corazón de lo íntimo la brecha entre la palabra y la cosa; y la del mundo del espectáculo, de la comunicación, en la cual todo lo que vivimos es transformado inmediatamente en representación. Entre ambas, la pregunta ¿qué es lo que despierta? se abre camino. Hay que hacer una elección entre continuar orientándonos por la brújula de lo trágico y adherirnos al realismo sin combate de la comunicación.
Una política de lo real: una valerosa mirada que no sucumba a la fascinación
Authors: Mesa Duque Clara Cecilia
Published: September 2020

Una reflexión sobre las relaciones del inconsciente con la política a la luz del psicoanálisis es simple si se parte de la afirmación de Lacan: “El inconsciente es la política”, Es decir que no se trata de dos registros, sino de uno, en reverso moebiano: la política se estructura por las lógicas del inconsciente, el cual no es sin política. La organización social contemporánea exige un tratamiento de la política más allá de las “estructuras de poder” y de la figura del amo para repensar las lógicas que definen al ciudadano y sus lazos como figura central de nuestra historia política.
La legitimación de la violencia: ideologías latentes en el conflicto colombiano desde una perspectiva discursiva
Authors: García Marrugo Alexandra Isabel
Published: September 2020

El rechazo a los acuerdos con las farc contrasta notoriamente con la reacción popular ante el proceso de desmovilización de las auc apenas una década antes. Propongo entonces examinar la construcción discursiva del conflicto con el fin de exponer las ideologías latentes que legitiman el uso de la violencia. Para ello, examino la naturaleza de la ideología y su inextricable relación con el lenguaje; luego, presento evidencia empírica de la construcción discursiva del paramilitarismo como agente menor del conflicto, y conecto esta percepción con un análisis de la naturaleza del conflicto colombiano desde una perspectiva sociológica.
Historia del Semanario El Campesino: un periódico católico para el campesinado colombiano, 1958-1990
Authors: Manosalva-Correa Andrés
Published: September 2020

Este artículo presenta la historia del Semanario El Campesino, órgano de prensa católica dirigido al campesinado colombiano, que circuló entre 1958 y 1990. A partir del Análisis Crítico del Discurso (ACD) de Teun van Dijk y los aportes de Antonio Gramsci para el análisis de prensa, se indaga por sus directores, sus principales agendas informativas, su contenido, su materialidad, tiraje y publicidad. Se observan las continuidades y rupturas que se dieron a lo largo del tiempo en el semanario, los cuales respondieron a los cambios de director, al contexto religioso —Concilio Vaticano II—y al contexto político económico —Guerra Fría y desarrollismo—. Se concluye que la principal característica de este medio de comunicación fue la difusión de la idea que el campesinado debía ser agente de su propio desarrollo por medio de la educación y la productividad, mientras que las posiciones críticas en cuanto a los problemas estructurales del campo, que estuvieron presentes en las primeras ediciones, con el paso de los años se omitieron casi por completo.
Phenological patterns of defoliation and refoliation processes of rubber tree clones in the Colombian northwest
Authors: Guerra-Hincapié Juan José , Córdoba-Gaona Óscar De Jesús , Gil-Restrepo Juan Pablo , Monsalve-García Danilo Augusto , Hernández-Arredondo Juan David , Martínez-Bustamante Enrique Guillermo
Published: September 2020

The knowledge of the defoliation-refoliation process in rubber cultivation allows the development of management strategies in the production system to improve rubber yield. The objective of this study was to determine the intensity and duration of defoliation-refoliation of rubber clones FX 3864, IAN 710 and IAN 873 in the municipality of Tarazá and the FX 3864 and IAN 873 clones in the municipality of Nechí (northwestern Colombia). From October 2015 to June 2016, the measurements of the necromass were carried out in each location for each clone. The light environment was quantified, employing the hemispheric photographs technique to estimate canopy openness percentage (CO) and leaf area index. The assessed weeks were grouped by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) based on the original phenology and climatic variables. The defoliation-refoliation process was analyzed descriptively using graphical representations of the trend for the phenological variables that best described this process. The relationship between climatic and phenological variables in the period evaluated was evidenced; the rainfall was the most critical climatic characteristic in the induction of the defoliation process. The leaf area index was reduced to a minimum value in February, with values of 0.52 for IAN 710 clone in Tarazá, and 0.64 for the IAN 873 clone in Nechí, which corresponded to the highest defoliation stage in both locations. The refoliation period was short (4 to 6 weeks) and occurred during the dry season for all the clones in both places.
Gas exchange efficiency in Cocoa – Spanish elm agroforestry system in the northwest Antioquia, Colombia
Authors: Gómez-Yarce Juan Pablo , Mompotes-Largo Edna Rocío , López-Castro Aníbal , Hernández-Arredondo Juan David , Córdoba-Gaona Oscar De Jesús
Published: September 2020

The cultivation of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) under agroforestry systems, generates beneficial environmental conditions for cocoa crop physiology. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of shade trees (Spanish elm trees - Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pavon) Oken) planted along with cocoa (clone CCN51) under an agroforestry system on cocoa’s gas exchange parameters regarding the reduction of the light intensity over the cocoa-leaf canopy. The experiment was developed in the Centro de Investigación el Nus - Agrosavia, located in the municipality of San Roque, Antioquia. The experimental design used was a randomized complete block design for the cocoa planting distances from the first row of Spanish elm trees interfacing with the cocoa plantation (4 m, 7 m, 10 m, 13 m). The statistical analysis was performed by estimating the area under the curve (AUC) of each variable, using the trapezoid equation of the statistical environment SAS® 9.4, an analysis of variances was performed to determine if there were statistical differences between treatments, and Tukey’s test at 5% probability was used to estimated statistical differences between means. There were significant differences in the treatments regarding the net photosynthetic rate (A), stomatal conductance (gs), and transpiration rate (E). The highest values of gas exchange parameters were found in the plants located 13 m from elm trees, while the lowest values were presented at 4 m. Plants at 7 m and 10 m always showed intermediate values for all gas exchange parameters. In the same sense, plants at 13 m had a higher radiation use efficiency (RUE) compared to plants at 4 m. The arboreal component modified the environmental conditions on cocoa trees regarding its distribution, generating a differential response to the physiological behavior of cocoa plants.
Development’s peculiarities and clinical and pathogenetical variants of course of infection caused with hepatitis C virus at patients with breast cancer
Authors:   National Center of Oncology, Baku, Mamedov M.K. , Mamedova T.N. ,   National Center of Oncology, Baku, Rahimzadeh S.E. ,   National Center of Oncology, Baku
Published: September 2020

The authors carried out serological, virological and biochemical testing of blood serum of 217 women with breast cancer (ВС) and infected with hepatitis C virus. In was demonstrated that at BC patients this infection was charactiresed with low frequency of virus spontaneous elimination and high frequency registration of its reproductive forms. Besides the authors determined of predominant forms of the infection’s course and noted several pathogenetical peculiarities of its development in mentioned contingent of oncological patients. Key words: hepatitis C, breast cancer.
The role of electromyography in the diagnosis and treatment of women a mixed group with combined pathology of neurogenic lower urinary tract and the distal colon
Authors:   Institute of Urology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Vozianov S.O. , Zakharash M.P. ,   National Medical University named after O.O. Bohomoltsya, Kyiv, Chabanov P.V. ,   Institute of Urology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Zakharash Yu.M. ,   National Medical University named after O.O. Bohomoltsya, Kyiv, Sevastyanova N.A. ,   Institute of Urology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ugarov V.Yu. ,   Institute of Urology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Reprintseva A.S. ,   «Center of primary health care No. 2» of Solomyansky district, Kyiv
Published: September 2020

The objective: increase the effectiveness of treatment for women with combined neurogenic pathology of the lower urinary tract and distal colon. Materials and methods. The study included 30 women who evaluated the effectiveness of treatment by using clinical and electromyographic examinations. Results. It has been established that electromyography reflects the functional state of the urinary tract and distal colon sections in their combined pathology. The obtained results were the basis for substantiating the principles of differentiated treatment of patients with combined neurogenic pathology of the lower urinary tract and distal colon, which allowed to increase the effectiveness of treatment. Conclusion. Conservative treatment of patients of this category by means of electrostimulation is effective. Key words: neurogenic disorders in urination, intestine neurogenic dysfunction, electromyography, electrostimulation.
ANALISIS PEMODELAN DATA PASANG SURUT MENGGUNAKAN MODEL TPXO 7.1 DI PELABUHAN TANJUNG PRIOK, JAKARTA UTARA
Authors: Hermialingga Septi
Published: September 2020

Aktifitas pembangunan dan pelayaran di Pelabuhan Tanjung Priok sangat tinggi sehingga membutuhkan informasi pasang surut guna mendukung perencanaan pembangunan, alur keluar masuk kapal untuk bongkar muat barang, serta keselamatan pelayaran. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan karakteristik pasang surut observasi dengan karakteristik pasang surut prediksi model TPXO 7.1 dari perangkat lunak Tidal Model Driver (TMD) serta menganalisa keakurasian data pasang surut model TPXO 7.1. Metode penelitian yang digunakan untuk mengolah data observasi pasang surut menggunakan metode admiralty dan data prediksi pasang surut didapat dari model TPXO 7.1. Validasi data pasang surut dilakukan dengan menghitung Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) dan korelasi dari kedua data. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan bulan Maret 2018. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tipe pasang surut dari data prediksi model TPXO 7.1 dan data pengamatan langsung memiliki tipe pasang surut campuran dominan ke tunggal. Akurasi data pasang surut model TPXO 7.1 memiliki nilai RMSE sebesar 0.14 dan korelasi sebesar 0.73, dengan demikian data prediksi Model TPXO 7.1 dapat digunakan untuk menggantikan data observasi pada wilayah yang tidak diukur langsung.
Quando a criança não cabe na linha: a psicomotricidade no processo de alfabetização e letramento
Authors: Maria de Lima Lídia , Barros Lucian Da Silva
Published: September 2020

O presente artigo discute a importância da psicomotricidade nosprocessos de alfabetização e letramento. Busca salientar o valor domovimento, do afeto, autoconfiança e da autonomia da criança naescolarização. Assim como também o papel dos educadores e da família,enquanto facilitadores, no desenvolvimento infantil. Para a elaboração dapesquisa, fez-se uso do método história de vida, somando experiências nocampo da educação, no processo de alfabetização de crianças do primeiro anodo Ensino Fundamental, assim como também experiências pessoais. Aexperiência de vida, foi somada às pesquisas bibliográficas que colaborarampara os resultados apresentados aqui. Concluiu-se que movimentar-se,expressar-se, sentir e sentir-se, perceber-se com um ser holístico: que possuicorpo e mente, são elementos fundamentais para o desenvolvimento dequalquer ser humano, logo, a psicomotricidade tem papel essencial noprocesso de alfabetização e letramento. Além disso, a valorização destaciência colabora para a transição da criança da Educação Infantil para o EnsinoFundamental, contribuindo com ações preventivas em casos de dificuldades deaprendizagem.
A Midiatização da Umbanda: uma análise sobre a religião nos conteúdos audiovisuais mais consumidos digitalmente
Authors: Teixeira Filho Clóvis , De Castro Azevedo Junior Aryovaldo
Published: September 2020

A comunicação de organizações religiosas e dos seus adeptos tem acompanhado as transformações sociais, simbólicas e tecnológicas. A veiculação em mídias sociais e o uso de conteúdos que se afastam do proselitismo também são realidades. A partir disso, o presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar como a institucionalização da comunicação tem transformado as práticas da umbanda, em especial no ambiente digital. Para isso, foi realizado um estudo de casos múltiplos em plataforma digital, tendo como suporte a análise de conteúdo. Como resultados, a categoria mídia religiosa é destacada, articulada por meio da linguagem musical, assim como a orientação ao consumidor e à concorrência de outras mensagens umbandistas.
Neoliberalismo, guerra híbrida e a campanha presidencial de 2018
Authors: Castro Julio Cesar Lemes de
Published: September 2020

O resultado da última eleição presidencial no Brasil insere-se numa inflexão hiperautoritária do neoliberalismo em escala global, a partir especialmente do referendo do Brexit e da vitória de Trump. No âmbito nacional, ele coroa o processo de crise simultânea da Nova República e do lulismo, que se desdobra em diversas etapas: as Jornadas de Junho, em 2013; a Lava Jato, a partir de 2014; o golpe parlamentar-judicial contra Dilma Rousseff, em 2016; e a campanha de Jair Bolsonaro, em 2018. Tais etapas podem ser consideradas episódios de guerra híbrida, modalidade de luta política que aprofunda o componente de desestabilização característico do neoliberalismo. Neste artigo, com base em pesquisa bibliográfica e observações empíricas, a campanha de Bolsonaro é investigada como manifestação de guerra híbrida, levando em conta a infraestrutura midiática montada, a anomia informacional provocada, as narrativas e afetos mobilizados e a estética do meme utilizada.
A triangulação enquanto estratégia de diálogo em pesquisa científica
Authors: Gomes Elisângela , Dias Luciene De Oliveira
Published: September 2020

Este artigo apresenta o contexto social e histórico de surgimento da triangulação, abordando os paradigmas que alcançam o positivismo, pós-positivismo, teoria-crítica e construtivismo social. O caminho traça uma compreensão das atualizações metodológicas, bem como o rompimento dos paradigmas que possibilitou a compreensão dos contextos sociais complexos e a presença dos sujeitos localizados nos processos sociais e históricos. Apresenta os principais conceitos, teorias e procedimentos de aplicação, métodos e técnicas à luz dos estudos das pesquisadoras Teresa Duarte e Cecília Minayo e dos pesquisadores Norman Denzin e Uwe Flick. Apresenta o uso da triangulação em pesquisa qualitativa e quantitativa e também a triangulação enquanto proposta metodológica em pesquisa qualitativa considerando objeto, sujeito e fenômeno, com foco no metafenômeno. Conclui que a triangulação amplia a possibilidade de explicações para determinados fenômenos a partir do uso de estratégias como a triangulação teórica, metodológica, de dados e de investigadores evidenciando uma análise e interpretação mais completa dos fenômenos estudados.
Dados digitais e as novas abordagens para estudar o comportamento humano.
Authors: Mucciolo Daniel Costa Vianna
Published: September 2020

Este intrigante livro traz um compilado de informações obtidas através da análise de dados digitais resultantes do uso da internet. O conhecimento trata da realidade da vida humana em várias áreas: política, preconceito, relacionamentos, hábitos, sexualidade e outras, e por se tratar de uma metodologia nova, essas informações em muitos casos contradizem aspectos que eram considerados verdades dadas da condição humana contemporânea.
Disruption of the medical curriculum in a developing country: The need for medical students to be stronger than ever
Authors: Mowlabaccus Wafaa , Mowlabaccus Adnaan
Published: September 2020

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Being a medical student from a low to moderate income country comes with its challenges particularly in moments where the world is facing with an uncharted territory; the COVID-19 pandemic. With no face to face interactions with lecturers, halt of clinical postings and uncertainty of when exams will be held, final year medical students are facing an unprecedented situation. Being a final year student, this personal view is aimed at describing the current situation of medical students in Mauritius, the numerous challenges that are being encountered and the coping strategies being adopted.
A review analysis of gas hydrate tests: engineering progress and policy trend
Authors: Chen Lin , Merey Sukru , Pecher Ingo , Okajima Junnosuke , Komiya Atsuki , Diaz-Naveas Juan , Li Shouding , Maruyama Shigenao , Kalachand Sain , Kvamme Bjørn , Coffin Richard
Published: September 2020

Methane hydrate has become one promising energy resource for humankind. In this study, recent worldwide onshore/offshore drilling and production activities are analysed. The most recent reports from sites such as Japan (2013 and 2017) and China (2017) show that the road towards comprehensive utilisation of methane hydrate is underway. Though the production methods (depressurisation, thermal stimulation and carbon dioxide (CO2) replacement) diverge in safety and efficiency, potential has been confirmed for future large-scale utilisation. The world hydrate policy is dependent on the socioeconomic status and environmental concerns in major countries. It is urged that international regulations on commercial explorations be settled for methane hydrate projects.
Tooth‐brushing epilepsy: an SEEG study and surgical treatment
Authors: Martinez Oscar , Pacha María Sol , Francesco María Laura De , Miquelini Luis Ariel , González Federico Sánchez
Published: September 2020

We report a patient with reflex tooth‐brushing‐triggered epilepsy, associated with a post‐central lesion within the right somatosensory face area. Contralateral facial sensory and motor phenomena, associated with contralateral upper limb extension, were present at seizure onset after gingival stimulation, but seizures could also be induced by contact with solid food or liquids. Spontaneous seizures also were recorded. Secondary generalization was infrequent. Stereoelectroencephalography implantation was performed, with seizure recording and cortical/subcortical stimulation for mapping, to identify the precise extent of surgical resection. Complete postoperative control of epilepsy was achieved, accompanied by a mild and transient neurological deficit. [Published with video sequence].
Living safely with epilepsy: a key learning review
Authors: Bertinat Andrés , Kerr Mike , Cramer Joyce A. , Braga Patricia
Published: September 2020

This review focusses on counselling to reduce the risks of seizures in epilepsy patients. Risk reduction, whilst maximising the independence of persons with epilepsy, is a core element of epilepsy practice. The importance of the issue is reflected by the inclusion of risk assessment and reduction in the recent International League Against Epilepsy Curriculum for epileptology. This article addresses the key elements of epilepsy risk and provides practical guidance for counselling and risk reduction. A review of key publications was performed focusing on: (1) the risk of injury associated with seizures; (2) safety issues related to seizures and lifestyle; (3) SUDEP risk and avoidance; and (4) assessing individual risks. Risk is common in epilepsy and is multifactorial. Clinicians should be aware of the risk factors associated with different epilepsy features, such as seizure type, as well as those related to lifestyle and common indoor and outdoor activities. In addition, transcultural differences should be considered in risk assessment and counselling, e.g. regarding SUDEP or even driving, for which regulations vary across nations. Assessment of individual risk is evolving through a better understanding of risk factors and methodologies which can improve communication and empower patients to help identify and manage their individual risks.
Emoji Kullanımının Türkçe İletişim Kurmaya Etkisi
Authors: METE Filiz
Published: September 2020

Gösterge bir uyarıcıdır. Dil de göstergelerden oluşan bir dizge olarak kabul edilir. Dil göstergesi, bir gösteren ile bir gösterilenin birleşmesinden oluşur. İletişim sürecinde bireyler arasında kullanılan ortak kodlarla bir tür alış veriş yaşanmaktadır. İletişimde kullanılan en temel kod sistemi dildir. Verici mesajını kod aracılığıyla karşı tarafa iletir ve alıcı kodu çözerek mesajı anlamlandırır. Teknolojinin gelişimi bireyler arasındaki iletişimi hızlandırmış, mekân sınırlamasını ortadan kaldırmıştır. Ancak dil kodlarıyla mesaj iletme kavramı bir tür gösterge niteliğindeki emojilerin kullanımıyla değişme eğilimi göstermektedir. Bu durum, Türkçe yazılı ifadelerin yerini doğrudan göstergelerin alması tehlikesini ortaya çıkarmıştır. Oysa beden dilinin sözlü ifadelerin etki gücünü artırması gibi emojilerin çıkış noktası da sadece yazılı ifadelere destek olmasıdır. Yazılı ifade olmadan doğrudan emojilerle iletişim bireyler arasında çatışmalara neden olma riski taşımaktadır. Mesajın doğru anlaşılması ancak ortak kodlar kullanıldığında mümkün olacaktır. İletişim sorunlarından daha da önemlisi emojilerin, bireyde geliştirilmesi hedeflenen dilin estetik ve sanatsal yönünü göz ardı ederek bireyin yazılı iletişim becerilerini zayıflatmasıdır.
The assessment of the biometric parameters with fetal MR imaging in fetuses with mild-isolated ventriculomegaly
Authors: SARIOĞLU Fatma Ceren , SARIOĞLU Orkun , ÖZTEKİN Deniz , ÖZTEKİN Özgür
Published: September 2020

Objective:
To evaluate the biometric parameters of fetal brain in mild-isolated
ventriculomegaly (VM) by using fetal brain magnetic resonance (MR) imaging.Materials and methods:
In this retrospective study, we reviewed the fetal brain biometry in 36 fetuses
with mild-isolated VM and 34 fetuses who had no central nervous system
abnormality by using MR imaging. All of the images were interpreted by two
radiologists. The evaluated parameters of both groups were tegmento-vermian
angle, anteroposterior and superoinferior diameter of vermis, length of the
corpus callosum, fronto-occipital diameter, laterolateral diameter of the
cerebellum, cerebral and calvarial biparietal diameter, width of
interhemispheric distance, third ventricle, and cisterna magna. Results:
The mean gestational age was not significantly different between the normal
group and mild-isolated VM group 24.73
(SD ± 0.60) and 24.52 (SD ± 0.64), respectively (p=0.595). No statistically significant difference was found
in biometric parameters between the groups (p
> 0.05). The anteroposterior and superoinferior diameter of the vermis,
length of the corpus callosum, fronto-occipital diameter, cerebellar
laterolateral diameter, cerebral and calvarial biparietal diameter increased
and tegmento-vermian angle decreased with gestational age. Interhemispheric
distance and third ventricle diameter were stable in both groups, and the width
of cisterna magna also was stable in the normal group, while tended to be
increased in the mild-isolated VM group.

Conclusion: Intracranial
anatomy should be evaluated carefully in fetuses with VM to rule out associated
abnormalities although no differences
in biometric values between normal and isolated VM groups in our study. Further
studies are required to reach more accurate results.
Deneysel Spinal Kord İskemi Reperfüzyon Yaralanmasında Klindamisin’in Etkileri
Authors: GÜVERCİN Ali Rıza , ARSLAN Erhan , DALTABAN İskender Samet , ALVER Ahmet , USUL Haydar
Published: September 2020

Amaç: Bir protein sentez inhibitörü olan klindamisin, bakteriostatik etkili ve daha önce ratlarda iskemik beyin dokusunda nöroprotektif etkinliği gösterilmiş antimikrobiyal bir ajandır. Biz bu çalışmamızda klindamisinin spinal kord üzerinde nöroprotektif etkinliğini değerlendirmeyi amaçladık.

Materyal metod: Çalışma için 200–300g ağırlığında 20 adet Wistar Albino rat kullanıldı. Ratlar Sham grubu (5 rat) grup 1, travma grubu (5 rat) grup 2, kontrol grup (5 rat) grup 3, ve tedavi grubu (5 rat) grup 4 olacak şekilde 4 gruba ayrıldı. Sham grubu dışındaki gruplarda laparotomi ile sol renal arter altından aort, 45 dakika süre klemplendi. Kontrol grubuna 1 cc salin ve tedavi grubuna 20 mg/kg dozunda klindamisin intraperitoneal uygulandı. Ratlar 24 saat sonunda sakrifiye edildi. T8–12 arası laminektomi sonrası spinal kordları çıkarılarak tüm dokularda MDA düzeyleri çalışıldı.

Bulgular: Sham grubu ile diğer gruplar arasında 1.saat motor skorları açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark izlendi (p=0,008). Yine 24. saatte sham grubu ile travma ve kontrol grup arasında fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlıydı (p=0,008) fakat travma grubu ile tedavi grubu arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildi (p=0,151). Grupların MDA düzeyleri Kruskal Wallis varyans analizi kullanılarak karşılaştırıldığında sonuç istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulundu (p=0,035). Ancak Mann Whitney U testi kullanılarak karşılaştırma yapıldığında tedavi grubu ile travma ve kontrol grupları arasındaki fark anlamlı bulunmadı.

Tartışma ve sonuç : Bu çalışmada klindamisinin spinal iskemi reperfüzyon hasarının önlenmesinde, bizim verdiğimiz doz ve sürede yeterli etkinliğe sahip olmadığı sonucuna varıldı.
Out of Sight No More? The Effect of Fee Disclosures on 401(k) Investment Allocations
Authors: Kronlund Mathias , Pool Veronika K. , Sialm Clemens , Stefanescu Irina
Published: September 2020

We examine the effects of a 2012 regulatory reform that mandated fee and performance disclosures for the investment options in 401(k) plans. We show that participants became significantly more attentive to expense ratios and short-term performance after the reform. The disclosure effects are stronger among plans with large average contributions per participant and weaker for plans with many investment options. Additionally, these results are not driven by secular changes in investor behavior or sponsor-initiated changes to the investment menus. Our findings suggest that providing salient fee and performance information can mitigate participants' inertia in retirement plans.
Reproducibility for Thistlethwaite et al. 2020 v1
Authors: R Thistlethwaite Lillian , not provided Varduhipetrosyan
Published: September 2020

We consider the following algorithmic problem that arises in transcriptomics, metabolomics and other fields: given a weighted graph and a subset of its nodes, find subsets of perturbed variables that show significant connectedness within the graph. While solutions to this problem may be discovered by devising a variety of scoring functions, statistically rigorous discovery is obstructed by the high computational cost of permutation testing, required to establish p-values. In this work, we develop CTD, a novel information-theoretic method that evaluates the connectedness of perturbation signatures in a network context and assigns an upper bounds on their p-values without use of permutation testing. We apply CTD to interpret multi-metabolite perturbations due to inborn errors of metabolism and multi-gene perturbations associated with breast cancer in the context of disease-specific Gaussian Markov Random Field networks learned directly from respective molecular profiling data.
Differentiation of iPSC into Microglia-Like Cells (iMGL) v2
Authors: Filipello Fabia , Marsh Jacob , Martinez Rj , M Karch Celeste
Published: September 2020

This protocol outlines the derivation of Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells and differentiation of iMGLs using iPSC cultures. This protocol is modified the following papers.
Coronavirus Lateral Flow Assay (LFA) operation protocol v1
Authors: he peijun
Published: September 2020

Coronavirus Lateral Flow Assay (LFA) operation protocol
ELISA for quantification of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2) in human serum or plasma v1
Authors: A Justiz-Vaillant Angel , Ferrer-Cosme Belkis
Published: September 2020

The monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1/CCL2) is a member of the C-C chemokine family, and it is a potent chemotactic factor for monocytes.
ELISA for quantification of granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in tissue culture supernatant, human serum or plasma. v1
Authors: A Justiz-Vaillant Angel , Ferrer-Cosme Belkis
Published: September 2020

Granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a monomeric glycoprotein. It is a cytokine secreted by macrophages, T cells, natural killer cells, mast cells, endothelial cells and fibroblasts. It acts as a growth factor. [1] Reference 1. Egea L, Hirata Y, Kagnoff MF. GM-CSF: a role in immune and inflammatory reactions in the intestine. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2010 Dec;4(6):723-31. doi: 10.1586/egh.10.73. PMID: 21108592; PMCID: PMC3291482.
NATO’s“Brain Death”: A Legal Perspective
Authors: Petrova Georgieva Virdzhiniya
Published: September 2020

At present, NATO is facing a severe crisis and has showed symptoms of disintegration and polarization of the relations between its Member States. At the last head meeting of the organization’s Council, in December 2019, in London, French President Emmanuel Macron qualiﬁed NATO’s current crisis as a “brain death.” From a legal perspective, the main cause of this alleged “brain death” is the organization’s special status under international law. In fact, NATO has constantly violated its constitutive treaty and many other international conventional and customary norms, including ius cogens rules. However, the organization has never assumed any negative legal consequences for its internationally unlawful behavior. This situation has reduced the legitimacy of the institution and has corroded, from the inside and the outside, states’ will to cooperate with the fulﬁlment of its objectives. Thus, NATO could only surmount its current crisis and continue to play a crucial role as a guardian of the international peace and security and as a promoter of the rule of law at the global level, if it accepts to submit its political and military power to international law.
Asymmetric Jurisdiction Clauses: Grounds for Validity Within Diﬀerent Jurisdictions
Authors: Bakumenko Vasily
Published: September 2020

The article is devoted to the comparative analysis of asymmetric jurisdiction clauses in international procedural law. The paper focuses, firstly, on a detailed analysis of the national and international approaches to the nature and interpretation of asymmetric jurisdiction clauses within international civil procedure, and, secondly, on the rules on interpretation, validity and enforcement of such clauses under different jurisdictions and private international law in general. After examining the accumulated case law and theoretical material, particular attention is paid to the issue that currently there is a number of different grounds for recognition of asymmetric jurisdiction clauses as valid. Although Russian courts tend to invalidate such clauses, the issue has not been unambiguously resolved and requires reconsideration of the established approaches in light of the recent trends on international level. Thus, particular attention is paid to the highly problematic and contradictory aspects of unilateral dispute resolution provisions under the general principles of law, including autonomy, mutuality and equality of the parties. The article proposes to reconsider the most typical arguments for invalidating such clauses, both in terms of substantive and procedural principles. Analysis of these issues is of key theoretical and practical importance for the effective evolution of modern arbitration and litigation practices not only in Russia but all over the world.
Everything that Rises Must Converge: Huaicos, Communitas, and Humanitarian Exchange in Peru
Authors: Bird Matthew D. , Hidalgo Alejandra , León Erika , León Vicente M.
Published: September 2020

While terms such as solidarity and communitas are invoked, sometimes interchangeably, to characterize the feeling of togetherness supporting mutual aid during the emergency phase of disasters, they are not identical phenomena. This article examines the 2017 Peruvian huiaco disaster to understand the role communitas and reciprocity play in the mobilization of emergency aid and the growing sense of togetherness buttressing its distribution. Via an in situ qualitative study conducted as the disaster unfolded, we analyze how the huaicos or flashfloods and mudslides caused by the El Niño phenomenon activated a temporary but structured humanitarian exchange that filled voids left by disrupted markets and debilitated local, regional, and national governments. This aid resulted from a media-fueled sense of togetherness that motivated an asymmetric exchange based on principles of redistribution and generalized reciprocity. While the short-term feeling of togetherness offered a glimpse of possible societal transformation, once communitas ended, the humanitarian exchange further reproduced pre-existing social structures and exacerbated vulnerability. With an understanding of how temporary post-disaster communitas operates, the challenge lies in the strategic importance of prolonging the experience of communitas to address the new relational vulnerability created by humanitarian exchange.
OBSTETRIC-GYNECOLOGICAL SOCIETY IN KIEV
Authors: Voff I. A.
Published: September 2020

A.I. Kraskovskiy, at the request of KM Sapezhko, who was absent from the city, showed the society a patient in whom Dr. Sapezhko, by cutting the lower part of the sacrum, excreted an intrapelvic tumor that turned out to be sarcoma during microscopic examination; the postoperative course was complicated by slight bleeding after removing the dressing and the formation of a fistula, cured by curettage; the patient is now feeling fine. This patient is also interesting in that she has already been shown to society twice as a rare example of long-term retention in the uterine cavity of the head separated from the trunk (see prot. No. 38 and 40). This case will be communicated to the public in even more detail.
Artificial preterm labor in private practice
Authors: Feinberg B.
Published: September 2020

Unfortunately, The benefits of Lister's antiseptic science, says Fehling, have been taken advantage of by gynecology to a much greater extent than obstetrics. From obstetric operations to caesarean section, Lister's scholarship brought more benefits than forceps and perforations. It would therefore be desirable that in the future, artificial premature birth under the influence of anti- and asepsis would give both the mother and the fetus better results than at the present time, and then only this operative aid in a state will be replaced, as a cesarean section with conditional shown and perforated.