bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Processo de implantação da política nacional de humanização em hospital público
Authors: Pereira Alessandra Barbosa , Ferreira Neto João Leite
Published: December 2014

O artigo analisa a experiência de implantação da Política Nacional de Humanização em uma instituição hospitalar pública de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Focalizam-se os avanços e limites da gestão participativa proposta pela política de humanização no cenário hospitalar. Trata-se de uma abordagem qualitativa, por meio de um estudo de caso no qual se utilizam pesquisa documental, entrevistas e observação. Os dados foram tratados mediante a análise temática de conteúdo, construindo-se categorias temáticas numa perspectiva da história do processo de implantação da Política Nacional de Humanização. O esforço da fase de implantação e o apoio do Ministério da Saúde não se sustentaram a médio prazo no hospital. A Política Nacional de Humanização apresenta inovação em relação às práticas do setor privado, ao superar um modelo de humanização centrado na 'satisfação do cliente', associando as práticas de cuidado às de gestão. Contudo, o maior desafio é transpor essa lógica e instaurar uma nova forma de se relacionar e atuar na saúde. Para que isso ocorra, é necessário intervir sobre a totalidade da conjuntura institucional.
Emerging Adulthood in Brazilians of Differing Socioeconomic Status: Transition to Adulthood1
Authors: Dutra-Thomé Luciana , Koller Silvia Helena
Published: December 2014

This study was a descriptive exploratory investigation into the transition to adulthood in Brazilian young people of differing socioeconomic status (SES), considering the phenomenon of Emerging Adulthood (EA). The variables analyzed were sociodemographic aspects, perceptions of adulthood, access to technology, and educational and employment status. The sample included 547 young people ranging between 18 and 29 years of age, residents of Porto Alegre (RS), of low and high SES. More than 50% of the total sample reported that they felt in-between adolescence and adulthood, which may indicate the existence of EA in individuals of both SES. However, EA was more likely to be present in high SES contexts. The low SES group presented a tendency to assume adult responsibilities earlier, which blocks their opportunities for experiencing a period of identity exploration.
Creativity and Intelligence in Children With and Without Developmental Dyslexia1
Authors: Alves Rauni Jandé Roama , Nakano Tatiana de Cássia
Published: December 2014

This study aimed to verify if the creativity of children with Developmental Dyslexia (CG; n = 13) differs from children without difficulties in reading and writing (NG; n = 13). Furthermore, we sought to verify how creativity could be related to intelligence. The Raven Colored Progressive Matrices Test and the Child Figural Creativity Test were applied in both groups. High correlations were found between intelligence and creativity in both groups, and variable correlations for the same type of analysis were found in the literature. There were no significant intergroup differences for creativity, although the NG had a higher overall average in creativity and the CG, the highest averages in most evaluated creative characteristics. The possible involvement of psychological/neuropsychological constructs with creativity, such as spatial processing and emotion, was discussed.
An Agrobacterium mediated transformation system of guava (Psidium guajava L.) with endochitinase gene
Authors: Mishra Maneesh , Jalil Syed Uzma , Sharma Nimisha , Hudedamani Umesh
Published: December 2014

Genetic transformation of guava (Psidium guajava L.) was developed for the first time using in vitro grown shoot tip explant co-cultivated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 harbouring binary vector pIIHR-JBMch with endochitinase and nptII genes. The highest transformation efficiency was achieved by wounding explants with tungsten particles (0.5 µm) through particle acceleration system, followed by infection for 45 minutes with A. tumefaciens, grown overnight with 100 µM acetosyringone, corresponding to OD600=0.5 followed by co-cultivation for 72 hours under dark condition on co-cultivation medium (MS+100 µM acetosyringone+100 mg L-1 L-Cystein). Putative transformed explants regenerated shoots on selection medium stressed with 200 mg L-1 kanamycin for 12 weeks. Molecular analysis of putative transformants by PCR confirmed the integration of endochitinase and nptII gene in the plant nuclear genome.
Modelo de protocolo experimental para induzir, classificar e avaliar as enterites inespecíficas em frangos de corte
Authors: Mesa Dany , Lourenço Mariana , Westphal Patrick , Kraieski Antonio , Santin Elizabeth
Published: December 2014

Vários fatores negativos podem afetar a saúde intestinal de frangos de corte e reduzir o seu desempenho. Aditivos para alimentação animal, chamados melhoradores de crescimento são utilizados na produção de frangos para controlar os problemas intestinais. Entretanto, a dificuldade de se induzir enterites em condições experimentais torna difícil a avaliação destes produtos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o melhor modelo experimental para induzir enterite em frangos de corte. Foram utilizados 192 pintinhos de corte, machos (Cobb 500®), divididos em esquema fatorial 2x4 (com boa ou baixa qualidade do óleo na dieta e com ou sem vacina contra coccidiose e doença de Gumboro), com oito tratamentos. As aves foram alojadas em cama de maravalha, com água e ração à vontade, e foram pesadas semanalmente. Nos dias 14, 21, 28 e 35, seis aves por tratamento foram abatidas para avaliação de lesões macroscópicas e microscópicas mediante a implementação de um sistema padrão de classificação de severidade das lesões que considerou infiltração linfocítica, morfologia dos enterócitos, edema intersticial e dilatação dos vasos linfáticos na mucosa do intestino. Foi observado que frangos alimentados com gordura de baixa qualidade na ração apresentaram menor ganho de peso e maior severidade de lesões histológicas em todos os segmentos intestinais. Estas lesões foram mais severas em aves desafiadas com coccidiose e doença de Gumboro. Estes resultados sugerem que a inclusão de gordura de baixa qualidade na ração, associada ao desafio com cocciciose no primeiro dia de vida e contra doença de Gumboro no 16º dia, é o melhor protocolo para induzir enterite em frangos de corte em condições experimentais, e ainda que o sistema padrão de classificação de severidade de lesões intestinais foi adequado para avaliar as enterites em frangos de corte.
Escolaridade e volume de produção têm associação com a percepção de risco de produtores de leite no uso de produtos veterinários
Authors: Borsanelli Ana C. , Samara Samir I. , Ferraudo Antonio S. , Dutra Iveraldo S.
Published: December 2014

O presente estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a correspondência entre fatores socioeconômicos de 171 produtores de leite (escolaridade, volume de produção diária e tempo na atividade) de 96 municípios do Estado de São Paulo, e a percepção de risco no uso de produtos veterinários, por meio de entrevista individual e da análise de correspondência múltipla. Produtores com grau de escolaridade fundamental tendem a ordenhar animais tratados com carrapaticidas, não descartar o leite de vacas em tratamento para mastite, não receber bonificação por qualidade e não usar EPIs. Já produtores com grau de instrução superior tendem a declarar que descartam o leite de vacas em tratamento para a mastite, a receber bonificação por qualidade, a participar de treinamento e a usar EPIs. Produtores com menos de 50 litros de leite diários tendem a declarar que não observam o período de carência dos produtos veterinários e são os que mais responderam incorretamente o período de carência de dois produtos empregados na propriedade, vermifugam animais em lactação e não recebem bonificação por qualidade. Produtores com mais de 500 litros de leite diários tendem a declarar que observam o período de carência dos produtos veterinários, tendem a responder corretamente o período de carência de dois produtos, a receber bonificação por qualidade, a participar de treinamento e a usar EPIs. Foi possível evidenciar que dentro das variáveis selecionadas há categorias ou grupos de produtores de leite para os quais o perigo sanitário é mais visível e outros para os quais o perigo é menos visível. Nesse contexto, é necessário e urgente a execução de programas sanitários contemporâneos nas unidades rurais de produção de leite, a atualização dos serviços de assistência técnica e extensão rural (pública e privada), com enfoque distinto e complementar ao atual e o desenvolvimento de ações efetivas de educação sanitária.
Remediation of acidic groundwater by way of permeable reactive barrier
Authors: Indraratna Buddhima , Pathirage Punyama Udeshini , Banasiak Laura Joan
Published: December 2014

A permeable reactive barrier (PRB) was installed in the Shoalhaven Floodplain about 100 km south of Sydney (Australia), where acidic groundwater generation from pyritic soil poses a severe environmental and socioeconomic problem. Recycled concrete aggregates were a promising source of alkalinity-generating material and adopted as the reactive media for this PRB. The current study simulates the performance of the PRB through coupling geochemical reactions involved with recycled concrete and acidic groundwater with geohydraulics (transient groundwater flows). This is the first such attempt made for time-dependent modelling and performance verification of a PRB located in acid sulfate soil (ASS) terrain. The developed model describes the chemical clogging due to mineral precipitates and the associated reductions in porosity and hydraulic conductivity of the reactive medium. The governing equations of the model were incorporated into commercial software, MODFLOW and RT3D. The field results are in favourable agreement with the model predictions, confirming that the reduction in hydraulic conductivity due to mineral precipitation occurs predominantly at the entrance zone of the PRB and insignificantly in the middle and exit zones after 7 years of operation. Mineralogical analysis undertaken on sample specimens from the PRB also confirms that clogging is minimal at the entrance zone.
Discrete-element method analysis of the state parameter
Authors: HUANG X. , O'SULLIVAN C. , HANLEY K.J. , KWOK C.Y.
Published: December 2014

Using a series of true triaxial simulations, this study shows that the particulate discrete-element method (DEM) can capture the state-dependent drained and undrained response that is typical for sands. The most significant finding is that relationships between the initial state parameter and both the dilatancy at the peak strength and the difference between the peak and critical state strengths observed in the DEM simulations lie within the range defined by the experimental data. As indicated by the DEM data, this relationship is independent of loading path (intermediate principal stress ratio). The correlations between the initial state parameter and both the peak strength and the stress ratio at the undrained instability state are qualitatively in accordance with previously published laboratory data. The DEM data agree well with the NorSand constitutive model. The relationships between the state parameter and both structural anisotropy at the peak stress and the coordination number are explored. These findings extend current understanding of the capacity of DEM to capture the mechanical behaviour of granular materials and highlight the possibility of using DEM as a tool when developing advanced constitutive models.
Surface modified used rubber tyre aggregates: effect on recycled concrete performance
Authors: Su Haolin , Yang Jian , Ghataora Gurmel S. , Dirar Samir
Published: December 2014

Although research has found that using rubber in concrete will enhance its resilience and reduce its density, the significant loss of strength owing to lack of bonding has remained unresolved. This study considers how to minimise the loss of strength of concrete with used rubber tyre crumb aggregates and investigates the improvement of water permeability resistance that may consequentially develop. A surface of rubber crumb was modified by soaking in the saturated sodium hydroxide solution or silane coupling agent (SCA) before using. Up to 20% of natural fine aggregate was volumetrically replaced with treated rubber crumb. Experimental results show higher compressive and flexural strengths, Young's modulus and water permeability resistance from the samples with SCA-treated rubber than with as-received or sodium-hydroxide-treated rubber. X-ray diffraction pattern analyses indicate almost no change in crystalline phase for the rubber surface modification. Microscopic inspections show an enhanced rubber-matrix adhesion with the use of SCA. Results of mercury intrusion porosimetry reveal that concrete with SCA-treated rubber has a similar pore size distribution to the other three mixes, but achieves the lowest porosity and highest tortuosity, resulting in the best water permeability resistance. A brief cost analysis suggests that this method of surface modification is economically viable.
ELABORAÇÃO DE ESTRATÉGIAS NAS PEQUENAS EMPRESAS
Authors: Wernke Rodney
Published: December 2014

O artigo mostra que independentemente do porte as empresas necessitam preparar-se para enfrentar a nova realidade de acirrada competitividade mercadológica. E, para que uma empresa possa manter-se no mercado a elaboração de estratégias constitui-se em algo essencial. As pequenas empresas podem e devem utilizar a elaboração de estratégias como forma de tentar uma participação de mercado mais consistente ou como orientação para seu caminho em meio às turbulências do segmento no qual estão inseridas.
PERSPECTIVAS DA PROFISSÃO CONTÁBIL
Authors: Santos Nivaldo João dos
Published: December 2014

As perspectivas profissionais na área contábil são muito promissoras. É natural que estudantes demonstrem apreensão acerca da carreira que advirá após a conclusão do curso de graduação em ciências contábeis, pois trata-se de investimento elevado - envolvendo muito tempo e dinheiro. De tempos em tempos leigos anunciam a extinção da atividade contábil, sem nenhum fundamento. A atividade contábil é das que mais evolui e sua essencialidade se revela com mais força quando são descobertas fraudes contábeis e novos artifícios ilícitos visando iludir acionistas e investidores. Apesar do grande contingente de pessoas que conclui cursos na área, muitas novas empresas são constituídas, outras formas de sociedades são desenvolvidas, todas necessitando de serviços de profissionais contabilistas. O grande desafio da classe contábil consiste no contínuo aperfeiçoamento e na consolidação do elevado nível intelectual que o mercado globalizado requisita.
Não Confisco
Authors: Weber Laerte Paulo
Published: December 2014

Neste artigo é realizado um estudo para verificar se as obrigações acessórias existentes na legislação tributária encontram limites tal corno previsto para a obrigação principal. O tributo (obrigação principal) está sujeito a vários limites constitucionalmente previstos, tais como o princípio da legalidade, da territorialidade e do não confisco, entre outros. Procurou-se verificar se o princípio do não confisco também deve ser aplicado para as penalidades acessórias, protegendo o contribuinte de eventuais excessos que podem surgir por ocasião de fiscal izações levadas a efeito pelos entes tributantes.
Um Novo Método para Avaliação da Satisfação do Capital Humano e dos Usuários de Serviços Públicos: Uma Aplicação Tópica do Balanço Social Abrangente à Prefeitura de São José
Authors: Carneiro Juarez Domingues
Published: December 2014

Foi realizada uma aplicação específica do Balanço Social Abrangente, ferramenta para a determinação analítica da performance social de uma entidade a partir de indicadores sociais previamente escolhidos, para avaliação da satisfação dos funcionários e dos usuários dos serviços prestados por uma importante prefeitura do Estado de Santa Catarina, a Prefeitura de São José. Enquanto vinte e nove indicadores foram empregados para se fazer uma prospecção da satisfação do Capital Humano da Prefeitura de São José, treze indicadores foram escolhidos para a determinação do balanço do grau de satisfação dos seus munícipes. A aplicação da metodologia do Balanço Social Abrangente permitiu obter-se números resultantes de balanços com estrutura contábil que caracterizam o grau de satisfação dos funcionários e de atendimento dos munícipes. O método utilizado e os resultados obtidos possibilitam o advento do que se poderia denominar de Auditoria Social do Serviço Público, que seria aquela específica sobre os ativos e passivos sociais de empresas públicas decorrentes das diversas possibilidades de sua mensuração proporcionadas por adaptações do esquema original proposto para o Balanço Social Abrangente.
A Contabilidade, o Novo Direito Empresarial e a Teoria Ultra Vires
Authors: Müller Aderbal Nicolas , Hoog Wilson Alberto Zappa
Published: December 2014

O artigo apresenta a nova realidade em que se insere a Contabilidade, notadamente com a atualização da legislação, dada pela Lei 10.406/02, o Novo Código Civil, onde surge o desvelamento da teoria ultra vires. Algumas mudanças importantes surgem nesse cenário, envolvendo aspectos de contabilização e de responsabilidade dos responsáveis pela escrita contábil nas organizações. A exemplificação da interpretação dada e as referências a cada artigo da nova legislação estão explícitas no texto, que procura traduzir a mensagem deixada aos profissionais da área pelo legislador, nas entrelinhas do texto legal. A interpretação da teoria ultra vires, dentro do Novo Código Civil, pode auxiliar em muito o assessoramento contábil para os gestores das empresas.
O uso da informação e da pesquisa de marketing como fator de sucesso na atuação das micro e pequenas empresas
Authors: Almeida Dalci Mendes , Cordeiro Mariana Borges
Published: December 2014

A informação pode ser vista como um ativo da empresa, da mesma forma que as propriedades de uma organização contribuem para o fortalecimento da mesma. Cada vez mais, os gerentes necessitam visualizar a informação como um investimento que pode ser utilizado estrategicamente para obter vantagens competitivas. No entanto, a produtividade e a competitividade das empresas dependem cada vez mais da capacidade de lidar com a informação e transformá-la em conhecimento. Este artigo busca evidenciar a necessidade das micro e pequenas empresas buscarem e utilizarem a informação, e no dia-a-dia dos seus negócios.
A influência da ética no perfil do profissional contábil
Authors: Vieira Maria das Graças
Published: December 2014

A tentação é grande: você olha para o lado e vê gente crescendo na empresa depois de sonegar informações, manipular relatórios, fazer promessas vazias, aceitar presentes de agradecimento entre outros inúmeros exemplos, mas será que compensa? Vale tudo para subir? Será que vale apenas ser antiético? As empresas têm motivos de sobra para atuarem de maneira ética interna e externamente. Está provado que práticas cidadãs podem ser um diferencial competitivo. Por outro lado, empresas cuja conduta é questionável, sofrem boicotes dos clientes, fornecedores, investidores e até dos bons profissionais que adotam a ética profissional acima de qualquer oferta de salário. A Ética é a ciência vinculada a julgam'ento de apreciação moral, sobre juízos de valores amarrados à distinção entre o bem e o mal. Ela é um valor de primeira grandeza para o profissional. Nunca o contabilista deve abrir mão de certos princípios, como a honestidade e a transparência. O problema é o que fazer para manter tais princípios. É necessário desenvolver uma boa estratégia para garantir a manutenção da ética. A ética profissional indaga qual deve ser a conduta do contabilista de modo a acrescentar algo a ele mesmo enquanto ser humano, e à sociedade. Logo, falar de ética profissional é falar da realização do homem, da felicidade de cada um enquanto partícipe na construção do bem de todos, pelo desempenho da sua atividade.
A recuperação da atividade empresarial
Authors: Hoog Wilson Alberto Zappa
Published: December 2014

O artigo apresenta a nova visão ou realidade em que se insere as sociedades empresárias contemporâneas nacionais, sob uma perspectiva tridimensional: ciência e política contábil, gestão moderna no mercado globalizado, bem como a valorimetria do seu patrimônio líquido, e a nova lei de recuperação de empresas, que deve ser interpretada pelo raciocínio lógico-científico dos peritos-contadores. Nesta abordagem denominada lia atividade da empresa e sua recuperação", a ciência contábil pura, ou seja, a doutrina contábil, assume integralmente seu papel de orientar a uma melhor decisão empresarial. Por esta razão, é apresentado uma seqüência de 13 mandamentos que têm por objetivo demonstrar o alcance da visão moderna de uma ciência, onde surge a nutrição da valorimetria pela ciência e pela política contábil, além de revelar e estudar várias hipóteses ou modelos de política contábil empresarial. Algumas mudanças importantes surgem nesse cenário, pela semântica contábil, envolvendo aspectos da responsabilidade social das sociedades empresárias, diante da necessidade de sobrevivência no mercado globalizado frente à abertura do mercado brasileiro e a concorrência internacional. A exemplificação da interpretação dada aos treze mandamentos e às referências de cada categoria ou vocábulo contábil jurídico, está explicitada no texto, que procura traduzir a mensagem direcionada aos profissionais da área, advogados, economistas, contadores e administradores.
ERP e a Contabilidade
Authors: Krauss Valter Augusto
Published: December 2014

A evolução da tecnologia da informação ofereceu às empresas a possibilidade de possuir sistemas totalmente integrados, proporcionando às organizações obter informações desejadas no momento oportuno, dentro de suas necessidades. Estes sistemas podem ser desenvolvidos internamente ou por terceiros que, em sua maioria, oferecem mais garantia em relação ao sucesso de implementação. O Enterprise Resource Planning - ERP é um sistema de informações que englobadiversos módulos ou subsistemas, que podem ser  configuráveis e atendem todas as necessidades de informações para alcançar metas, dentro de uma entidade pública ou privada, utilizando um único banco de dados, gerando informações em tempo real. O mercado mundial de produtores deste tipo de sistemas é um tanto resumido, destacando-se: SAP com 29% do mercado mundial; seguido pela Oracle com 1 0%; JD Edwards com 7% e PeopleSoft com 6%. No mercado competitivo, esta tecnologia de informação torna-se uma ferramenta importante tanto no processo operacional quanto no processo de gestão das entidades, podendo oferecer às organizações vantagem competitiva pela qualidade das informações disponíveis, proporcionada pela rapidez, segurança e confiabilidade nos dados obtidos.
No Exceptions: Documenting the Abortion Experiences of US Peace Corps Volunteers
Authors: Foster Angel M. , Arnott Grady , Parniak Simone , LaRoche Kathryn J. , Trussell James
Published: December 2014

Since 1979, US federal appropriations bills have prohibited the use of federal funds from covering abortion care for Peace Corps volunteers. There are no exceptions; unlike other groups that receive health care through US federal funding streams, including Medicaid recipients, federal employees, and women in federal prisons, abortion care is not covered for volunteers even in cases of life endangerment, rape, or incest. We interviewed 433 returned Peace Corps volunteers to document opinions of, perceptions about, and experiences with obtaining abortion care. Our results regarding the abortion experiences of Peace Corps volunteers, especially those who were raped, bear witness to a profound inequity and show that the time has come to lift the “no exceptions” funding ban on abortion coverage.
Performance Evaluation of a Horizontal Well With Multiple Fractures by Use of a Slab-Source Function
Authors: Yang Daoyong , Zhang Feng , Styles John A. , Gao Junmin
Published: December 2014

A novel slab-source function was formulated and successfully applied to accurately evaluate performance of a horizontal well with multiple fractures in a tight formation. More specifically, such a slab-source function in the Laplace domain has assigned a geometrical dimension to the source, whereas pressure response of a rectangular reservoir with closed outer boundaries can be determined. A semianalytical method is then applied to solve the newly formulated mathematical model by discretizing the fracture into small segments, each of which is treated as a slab source, assuming that there exists unsteady flow between the adjacent segments. The newly developed function was validated with numerical solution obtained from a reservoir simulator and then its application was extended to a field case. The pressure response together with its corresponding derivative type curves was reproduced to examine effects of number of stages, fracture conductivity, and fracture dimension under various penetration conditions. The fracture conductivity is found to mainly influence early-stage bilinear-/linear-flow regime, whereas a smaller conductivity will force more fluid to enter the toe of the fracture than its heel. The penetrating ratio will impose a significant impact on the pressure response at the early stage, forcing the bilinear/linear flow to become radial flow.
Continuous simulations of urban stormwater runoff and total suspended solids loads: influence of varying climatic inputs and catchment imperviousness
Authors: Borris Matthias , Gustafsson Anna-Maria , Marsalek Jiri , Viklander Maria
Published: December 2014

Potential implications of climate change for future stormwater management were addressed by undertaking continuous simulations of runoff and total suspended solids (TSS) loads for three urban catchments, with imperviousness varying from 23 to 63%, which were exposed to five rainfall regimes during the snow-free part of the year: the current climate and four climate change scenarios projecting higher rainfalls. Simulated runoff volumes increased in all the future scenarios, particularly in the sub-arctic climate and the fixed uplift scenario (plus20) indicating appreciable rainfall increases. Simulated runoff volumes increased depending on the projected increases in rainfall and increasing runoff contributions from pervious areas when more intense future rainfalls exceeded hydrologic abstractions. The increased runoff volumes then contributed higher TSS loads, which were highly variable for the rainfall regimes tested. In cold climate regions, residues of solids from winter road maintenance may contribute to high initial accumulations of TSS on the catchment surface and high washed off loads. In general, the study suggests that intermediate design-life stormwater management facilities require flexible design allowing for future step-wise adaptation by gradually increasing design capacities and modifying treatment trains.
Drought frequency projection using regional climate scenarios reconstructed by seasonal artificial neural network model
Authors: Lee J. H. , Moon S. J. , Kang B. S.
Published: December 2014

The climate change impacts on drought in the Korean peninsula were projected using Global Climate Model (GCM) output reconstructed regionally by an artificial neural network (ANN) model. The reconstructed model outputs were subsequently used as an input to project drought severity evaluated by Standard Precipitation Index (SPI). The original GCM output corresponds to the CGCM3.1/T63 under the 20C3M reference scenario and the IPCC A1B, A2 and B1 projection scenarios. Because in general GCM shows limitation in capturing typhoon generation occurred at sub-grid scale, the training and validation of the ANN model utilized a precipitation data set with typhoon-generated rainfall eliminated for enhancing the ANN's computational performance. The non-stationarity characteristics of SPI was examined using the Mann–Kendall test. The projection was implemented for the near future period (2011–2040), mid-term (2041–2070) and long-term (2071–2100) future periods. The results indicated mitigated drought severity under all scenarios in terms of frequency, magnitude and drought spells even for the mildest B1 scenario. The SDF (severity-duration-frequency) curves illustrate the common patterns of alleviated drought severity for most future scenarios and elongated drought duration. The reconstructed GCM projection recovers the underestimated precipitation and provided more realistic drought projection even though there would be still uncertainties of spatial and temporal variability.
Application of EEMD Sample Entropy and Grey Relation Degree in
Gearbox Fault Identification
Authors: Zhang Wenbin , Yu Libin , Su Yanping , Min Jie , Pu Yasong
Published: December 2014

In this paper, a new gearbox fault identification method was proposed based on mathematical morphological
filter, ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD), sample entropy and grey relation degree. Firstly, the sampled
data was de-noised by mathematical morphological filter. Secondly, the de-noised signal was decomposed into a finite
number of stationary intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) by EEMD method. Thirdly, some IMFs containing the most
dominant fault information were calculated by the sample entropy for four gearbox conditions. Finally, since the grey
relation degree has good classified capacity for small sample pattern identification, the grey relation degree between the
symptom set and standard fault set was calculated as the identification evidence for fault diagnosis. The practical results
show that this method is quite effective in gearbox fault diagnosis. It’s suitable for on-line monitoring and fault diagnosis
of gearbox.
On a Sensitivity-Analysis-Based Design Method for Shearer Parts
Authors: Fan Qiu-Xia , Yang Zhao-Jian
Published: December 2014

To improve the repeatability of CAE analysis and design on shearer parts, the author proposes a static-dynamic
integration design method for shearer parts while taking into account their structural features. The idea behind this method
is that the design is analysis-driven and together with network technology, parameterized technology and optimization
technology, it leads to conceptual design of shearer parts and through the integrated analysis on sensitivity of shearer parts
in both static and dynamic states, the best design scheme can be offered to users. The author verifies the feasibility and
effectiveness of this method by analyzing here the conceptual design of the planet carrier in the cutting unit of some
shearer.
Numerical Simulation Application for the Design and Fine-Tuning of Small-Sized Gas Turbine Engine Combustor
Authors: Y. Orlov Mikhail , S. Matveev Sergey
Published: December 2014

The small-sized GTE are used more and more both as the basis of power plants and power machines for
various purposes. The technical and operational characteristics of these engines are largely determined by the design
quality of their combustion chambers (CC). One of the most advanced methods of CC scientific investigation is the bench
testing. However, such CC operation study is complicated by labour-intensiveness of an experiment and its significant
costs. Therefore, in recent years GTE designers started to use widely the numerical simulation for these purposes.
However, the level of such calculation development does not allow often to solve the issue of CC fine-tuning in order to
achieve the required parameters. It is also difficult to determine the reliability degree of such calculations. The preliminary
calculation of the combustion chamber was performed first of all. Its purpose is the CC shape development and its
determination of its geometric dimensions. At that, the main requirement was to ensure the possibilities of one CC
placement between the previously-designed compressor and the turbine and the performance of a whole set of technical
specifications by the engine. At the second stage using The CC fine-tuning was performed in order to optimize the
performance by using CFD-calculation. At that the calculated method was used for which the verification has been
performed by the bench tests. Such a CC fine-tuning allowed to reduce the product development period and improve its
characteristics.
A Review of Computer Simulations in Teacher Education
Authors: Bradley Elizabeth Gates , Kendall Brittany
Published: December 2014

Computer simulations can provide guided practice for a variety of situations that pre-service teachers would not frequently experience during their teacher education studies. Pre-service teachers can use simulations to turn the knowledge they have gained in their coursework into real experience. Teacher simulation training has come a long way over the past few decades, from the “stop video method,” virtual puppetry, and Multi-User Virtual Environment to single user simulations in which the simulation has pre-programmed responses to complex threads of interactions between the preservice teacher and the simulated student. There are a number of single user simulations for teacher training, including those focused on classroom management, identifying at-risk students, and bullying prevention. Computer simulations aren't intended to be a substitute for hands-on classroom experience; rather, they provide specific skill-building lessons to teacher candidates. This history and overview of computer simulations will help teacher educators know what simulations are available and choose the best tools for their training programs.
A Case Study Combining Online Social Media and Video to Teach News Literacy
Authors: Spikes Michael A. , Haque Yousuf S.
Published: December 2014

With the rise of information availability and the speed at which it can be disseminated, it is now the consumer's job to exercise more discernment and to become more skeptical about the information coming across their screens. This is a major point in the argument to adopt a relatively new academic discipline known as News Literacy. A subset of media literacy, News Literacy focuses solely on the consumption of news items—whether it is a blurb from a friend, a blog, or a reputable news source. The News Literacy course seeks to equip news consumers with a set of tools to help them determine the reliability of incoming information. This allows them to access the news before they perpetuate it to their own social networks. To test the efficacy of certain aspects of the News Literacy course, such as verification of information disseminated through social networks, the researchers developed an interactive learning activity to enable students to experience the process via a fictionalized story. This article will explain the reasoning behind the activity's development and will also report the results of the first case study executed in a News Literacy class at Stony Brook University in the spring of 2014.
A Politics of Imperceptibilities, Possibilities and Early Childhood Practice
Authors: Cumming Tamara , Sumsion Jennifer
Published: December 2014

A growing body of research suggests that a range of ‘hidden’ or ‘less tangible’ aspects of early childhood practice play an important part in early childhood practice. The purpose of this article is to contribute to this existing research literature by identifying some of the complex ways that less tangible aspects work. To do this, the authors focus on a data fragment describing ways that conceptualisations of ‘secret’ are at work in one educator's practice. To give readings of this data fragment, the authors use a strategy of ‘plugging in’ everyday and theoretical understandings of ‘the secret’, and, a popular culture text. The authors also use post-structural understandings of ‘being’ and ‘language’, and additional illustrative data fragments to illuminate these complex aspects of practice at work. The article concludes by considering some implications and cautions of the politics of possibility that the readings of imperceptibility and early childhood practice have opened.

Participant:

It almost is like a secret language of its own.

Researcher:

What is?

P: Being an early childhood educator

[1] we've got all the - we all know that you - I don't have to say to Mary Jane, ‘Go and stand over there because you need your back against the wall because you need to look at all the children’ … We automatically know that. We speak about pedagogy and speak about all these words that - these now little secret words. Or we bend down to look at the children so the children can look at us in our faces. It's almost like this little secret movement we've got going on. (Data fragment from an interview with an early childhood educator) Is the secret in the content or in the form? And the answer is already apparent: neither. (Deleuze & Guattari, 1987, p. 289)
Preventing Inclusion? Inclusive Early Childhood Education and the Option to Exclude
Authors: Cologon Kathy
Published: December 2014

While there is increasing international commitment to inclusive education, as outlined in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), many children remain excluded at school. One marginalised and frequently excluded group of people are people who experience disability. In the recently released first report on Australia under the CRPD, the United Nations Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities has found that Australia is failing to meet its obligations under the convention, including failing to uphold the right of all children to inclusive education. Drawing from a conversation with a pre-service early childhood teacher in Australia, this article explores some of the exclusionary structures and practices that form considerable barriers to the realisation of the commitment to inclusive education. The intention of the article is to provoke discussion on these important issues.
Characteristic band pattern in western blots for specific detection of anti-Trichinella spiralis antibodies in different host species
Authors: Ilić Nataša , Gruden-Movsesijan Alisa , Živojinović Milena , Sofronić-Milosavljević Ljiljana
Published: December 2014

Western blot (Wb) is considered to be the gold standard test for Trichinella infection serology, since this method allows specific Trichinella antigens to be distinguished from cross-reactive antigens. This is not the case with widely used antibody assay techniques - indirect immunofluorescence and ELISA - which are sensitive, but subject to crossreactions that make the interpretation of weakly positive results difficult. Application of Trichinella spiralis muscle larvae excretory-secretory (ES) antigens for the specific antibody detection in ELISA resulted in improved specificity compared to that of crude worm extract that was previously in use, but since production of ES has not yet been standardized, differences among laboratories occur. For this reason, the Wb profile of serum samples from different T. spiralis infected host species: human, horse, swine and dog, was investigated in the Serbian National Reference Laboratory for Trichinellosis (NRLT). The common feature of the obtained Wb profiles was the appearance of a triad of bands with molecular masses (Mw) of 45, 49, and 53 kDa. The very same triad was recognized by a monoclonal antibody (mAb) 7C2C5 specific for an immunodominant epitope unique to the muscle larvae stage of all species in the genus Trichinella. Inhibition studies confirmed that mAb and anti-Trichinella antibodies from sera competed for the same parasite epitope. Based on the obtained results, the NRLT introduced the recognition of the above mention triad as the basis for specific anti-Trichinella antibodies detection in the sera of infected hosts.
Antimicrobial prophylaxis in addition to premedication in gastrointestinal surgery
Authors: Genter Alan , Capak Hrvoje , Lipar Marija , Samardžija Marko , Harapin Ivica , Bedrica Ljiljana , Capak Darko
Published: December 2014

The aim of this study was to evaluate three combinations of antibiotics applied perorally prior to laparotomy and gastrointestinal surgery and to select the most favorable combination. Research was performed on 24 female and male dogs divided into four groups. Following abdominal wall incision the caecum was compressed manually and 5 mL of saline solution was injected into it. Five mL of caecum contents was aspirated in a sterile syringe and only 0.1 mL was incubated into blood agar and homogenous agar. Bacterial colonies were counted and determined. Prior to surgery the control group (n=6) received no antibiotics. The group which received the combination of gentamicin and clindamycin (n=6) achieved the best reduction of E. coli whereas Enterococcus faecals was 100% destroyed. The group which received amoxicillin with clavulanic acid and metronidazole (n=6) acquired a reduction of bacteria Enterococcus faecalis, which could be sufficient for prophylaxis. The combination of gentamicin and erythromycin (n=6) failed to accomplish a reduction of the number of bacteria.
Puente Mercosur – Truss Grider Bridge across the Orinoco Design, Analysis and Construction
Authors: Humpf Karl , Müller Michael , Silingardi Celso
Published: December 2014

With the aim of developing the Southwest of Venezuela and enable its connections with the rest of the country, a third bridge over the Orinoco River is under construction. The combined highway and railroad bridge “Puente Mercosur” has a total length of 11.125 km crossing the Orinoco River and its floodplain. The 2280 m long double deck river crossing carries a 4 lane highway on top and a railway line below. The side spans of the cable-stayed bridge as well as the spans of the double deck approach bridges have regular lengths of 120 m. The deck is assembled in construction yards at river level, before launching each into its final position without any auxiliary pier. The launched segments have weights in the range of 3000 tons and the distance of launching reaches 2000 m.

The paper describes the design, fabrication and construction of an extraordinary structure in a remote place accessible just 5 months per year through the river. From the initial steps of design the execution under these special circumstances had been a key issue.
Santander Bay's Footbridge
Authors: Pantaleón Marcos J. , Revilla Roberto , Olazábal Patricia
Published: December 2014

This footbridge is formed by a balcony beam, 70,7 m long, fixed to two abutments at its ends. The full length of the footbridge including both white wall accesses is 267,5 m. The flying beam is constructed of a steel–concrete composite semicircular section of 1,45 m depth. The transition between the beam and the white walls is achieved by a concrete projecting wall of 15 m length, whose depth varies parabolically from 1,45 m at the ends of the beam to 5,5 m at the foundation. The girder of the balcony beam is made up of a steel–concrete composite semicircular section. It has a constant depth of 1,45 m. The abutments are made up of concrete cup-shaped sections. Both lateral accesses are longitudinally inclined with a maximum slope of 6% and elegantly support the transitional elements between themselves and the beautiful composite flying girder.
Design and Construction of Logroño Railway Station Long Span Roof
Authors: Sánchez Ramón , Rodriguez Javier , Sánchez Angel
Published: December 2014

Sacyr is carrying out the works to bury part of the railroad through the city of Logroño while the line is still on. An important part of the project is the construction of a new railway station below grade covered with a long span roof.

The 8.000m2 roof is bounded by its upper and lower surfaces which are of very different natures. The upper side is a smooth surface that serves as hill within an urban park that covers the former railroad. The gravity loads are very high in order to bear the ground cover and the live load required by a public space. The lower surface is an organic shape interpolated by large triangles that serve as a ceiling that protects travelers. The triangles stretch and converge to embody the supports.

This paper describes the design of the roof and the up-down construction techniques carried out to minimize impact on the city activity.
Study on Shear Capacity and Behaviors of Bamboo Reinforced Masonry Shear Walls
Authors: Terai Masakazu
Published: December 2014

Bamboo, low cost, fast growing, and broad distribution of growth, is expected to contribute significantly to earthquake-resistant construction and seismic retrofit technology for developing countries. The authors also have been studied for understanding the mechanical behavior of bamboo reinforced concrete member and clarifying the differences of structural properties from steel reinforced concrete and bamboo reinforced concrete. Based on these research results, in this study, it is investigated that bamboo is used as reinforcement materials for masonry structures. To evaluate the beneficial effects of bamboo for reinforcement of masonry structures, diagonal shear tests were carried out. It compared these experimental results of bamboo reinforced masonry members with the steel reinforced ones, and the mechanical property of the bamboo reinforced masonry was studied.
Construction and instrumentation the Llobregat River Mouth Bridge
Authors: Reventós Manuel , Guàrdia Jaume
Published: December 2014

Llobregat River’s last bridge (placed in El Prat de Llobregat, Barcelona) is in construction. The bridge will be a landmark in the area, the total length is 304 m, the main span is 150 m and deck is 29 m wide. But the singular point is the structural scheme, a complex combination of frame and half-through arch.

During the construction process the structural scheme changes several times, this evolutionary process establish the final forces and stresses in the bridge, in other words, the construction is bonded to the final result. In order to verify all the construction phases the structure has been monitored in real time. The instrumentation combined with the usual control allows us to evaluate the structure stress state and compare with the models, as well as verify the correct building or adjust the process in next phases.
Learning structural behaviour of trusses through laboratory models
Authors: Castilla M. Isabel , Hernando Félix , De Isidro Federico , Prieto Federico
Published: December 2014

This paper presents a methodology applied to teaching of subjects related to structural design and analysis, as well as strength of materials, during the second year of our University studies program. The aim of this methodology is to improve the students’ understanding of the structural behaviour from the very early stages of their college education process.

Students take part in a workshop that fosters their involvement within all the stages of the process of the structure design, such as characterization of the material to be used, analysis of different theoretical models based on theoretical courses, structure numerical simulation using an ad-hoc mobile app, building the model, test their model in the laboratory and drawing up conclusions explaining the model collapse.
Collapse of the roof of a football stadium
Authors: Borsje Huibert , Renier Barbara , Burggraaf Henco
Published: December 2014

In the summer of 2011 the Dutch football club FC Twente was building an extension of their stadium De Grolsch Veste, to increase the capacity of the stadium. On July 7th 2011, during construction, the roof of the partially finished extension collapsed. As a result of this accident two workers were killed and nine were injured, a few of them critically.

After this accident an investigation was started, following a standard strategy for investigating structural incidents. After analysing the behaviour of the structure, combined with analysing the collapsed structure, possible scenario’s were investigated. The most likely scenario for the cause of the collapse was finally validated by finite element calculations.

The investigations led to the conclusion that the combination of a partially finished main bearing structure, in combination with almost all final permanent loads, had caused the collapse. The investigation has also shown that the used strategy for investigating structural incidents was very useful and resulted in well based conclusions.