bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Adverbial” Anaphora Resistance in Students’ Descriptive Texts
Authors: Azis Azis , Juanda Juanda
Published: September 2020

The present research aimed to analyze adverbial anaphora resistance in students’ descriptive texts at the Department of Indonesian Language Education and Literature, Faculty of Languages and Literature, Universitas Negeri Makassar. The problem “How is adverbial anaphora (resistance) was presented in the descriptive texts written by the students? A descriptive qualitative content analysis was employed in this research. Data collection was performed through documentation of the five-semester students’ descriptive texts. The results show that adverbial anaphora resistance in the students’ descriptive texts consists of: (1) anaphora within adverbs of place ( ini “this” and di sana “there” that occupy a different position); (2) anaphora within adverbs of time (tahun “year”, pagi hari “in the morning”, and malam hari “at night”); (2) anaphora within adverbs of purpose (bagi “for” and untuk “to”); (4) anaphora within adverbs of comparison (seperti “like”); (5) anaphora within adverbs of cause (sebab “cause” and karena “because”). Adverbial anaphora is highly associated with the placement of words, the relationship between words and phrases, or interrelationship among sentences. The limited number of adverbial anaphora produced by the students originates from the students’ lack of competence in writing a text.
Assessment of hydrological drought based on nonstationary runoff data
Authors: Sun Xueli , Li Zhanling , Tian Qingyun
Published: September 2020

A nonstationary standardized runoff index (NSRI) is proposed by using the GAMLSS framework to assess the hydrological drought under nonstationary conditions. The definition of the NSRI is similar to that of SRI, but using a nonstationary Gamma distribution by incorporating meteorological variables and antecedent runoff as covariates to describe the characteristics of runoff series. The new drought index is then applied to the upper reach of the Heihe River basin. Four models are developed, in which one is stationary, and the other three are nonstationary with one, two and three covariates, respectively. Results show that, for the nonstationary runoff series, the nonstationary models are more robust and reliable than the stationary one. Among these models, the model with two covariates performs the best. For the model with one covariate, the precipitation shows better in the fitting as a covariate in rainy seasons, and the antecedent runoff shows better in dry seasons. The NSRI identifies more drought events than SRI does, and the drought conditions in our case are mainly affected by precipitation. It is proved that the proposed new drought index is a more effective method for drought assessments under nonstationary conditions.
Bioaerosol in a typical municipal wastewater treatment plant: concentration, size distribution, and health risk assessment
Authors: Xu Pengcheng , Zhang Chongmiao , Mou Xiao , Wang Xiaochang C.
Published: September 2020

An investigation on bioaerosol in a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) located in Xi'an, China, was conducted to understand the characteristics of bioaerosol released from wastewater and sludge treatment facilities because the bioaerosols may pose a threat to human health. Using the Andersen impactor sampler collection and colony-counting method, bioaerosol concentrations and size distributions were detected. The risk quotient method was used to evaluate the health risks associated with inhalation of bioaerosol for WWTP staff, based on the average daily dose rates of exposure. The health risk in relation to Legionella pneumophila was quantitatively calculated using quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA), based on the assumption of the percentage. The maximum concentration of airborne bacteria (3,767 ± 280 colony forming units (CFU)/m3) and fungi (8,775 ± 406 CFU/m3) occurred from the aerated grit chamber and sludge thickening house, respectively, which all exceeded 500 CFU/m3 as the acceptable guideline proposed by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. The particle size of airborne bacteria was mainly distributed in the first three stages (>3.3 µm), while that of airborne fungi was from the second to the fourth stage (2.1–7.0 µm). The hazard index exposure to bioaerosol for adult males and females by inhalation were higher than 1. The proportion of L. pneumophila should be strictly controlled below 10−8, based on the QMRA approach.
Formação democrática de diretores(as) de escola no município de São Paulo (2013-2016)
Authors: Moschen Nascente Renata Maria , da Silva Vagnum Dias da Silva
Published: September 2020

O propósito do artigo é analisar ações formativas destinadas a diretores(as) de escola em exercício na Secretaria Municipal de Educação de São Paulo, entre 2013 e 2016, para identificar seus fundamentos e objetivos. Tratando-se de uma administração do Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT), a hipótese foi a de que as ações teriam como base os princípios da autonomia e da participação no escopo da gestão democrática e seus objetivos seriam subsidiar e apoiar práticas democráticas nas escolas. A metodologia foi qualitativa e exploratória, tendo como procedimento a análise documental. Os dados foram levantados em documentos relativos às ações, que foram analisadas em seus objetivos, conteúdos e metodologias. Para tanto foram pesquisados documentos disponíveis na Diretoria Regional de Educação de São Miguel Paulista, além dos publicados no sítio da SME/SP. Foram encontradas evidências de que as ações formativas tinham base na democracia, objetivando a oferta de educação emancipatória, portanto, de qualidade social.
Tatear e desvendar jogos eletrônicos
Authors: Izidro dos Anjos Cleriston , Leopoldo Mercado Luis Paulo
Published: September 2020

O artigo intitulado “Tatear e desvendar jogos eletrônicos: dispositivos móveis e crianças pequenas” aborda a interação de crianças com jogos eletrônicos em dispositivos móveis, resultados da pesquisa realizada em uma instituição pública municipal de Educação Infantil da cidade de Maceió (Alagoas, Brasil). Teve como objetivo investigar os processos de letramento digital das crianças de 4 a 5 anos de idade, numa pesquisa-intervenção desenvolvida a partir das contribuições da Sociologia da Infância e dos estudos sobre Letramento Digital. O diário de campo e videogravação foram utilizados como instrumentos de coleta de dados, de modo a captar ações, expressões e interações das crianças com os tablets, com os adultos e entre si. As conclusões apontam para o fato de que as crianças pequenas constroem ricas e diversificadas experiências com o universo digital na medida em que lhes são oferecidas condições necessárias para que possam explorar os tablets com criatividade e autonomia.
Tudo acontece no jardim secreto
Authors: Hoepers Idorlene da Silva , Vanzuita Alexandre , Albino Jéssica
Published: September 2020

Resumo: Neste texto discutimos, a partir da Sociologia da Infância, como a infância e a inclusão dialogam no contexto do filme “O jardim secreto”, produzido em 1993, a partir de uma adaptação do clássico conto de fadas “The Secret Garden” do Frances Hodgson Burnett (1911). A discussão teórica ancora-se nos estudos de Plaisance (2004; 2005; 2006; 2010; 2015), Corsaro (2011), Sarmento (2004; 2005), Ferreira (2004) e Fernandes (2004). Ao olharmos para as infâncias e a inclusão na perspectiva da Sociologia da Infância visualizamos diálogos interdisciplinares no que diz respeito às tendências teóricas e conceituais que se complementam e causam possibilidades de mestiçagem na construção de novos conhecimentos, principalmente quando a inclusão, a infância e a imaginação, numa relação de interdependência, provocam a quimera e a superação do modelo tradicional dos processos de socialização a partir da cultura de pares.
Palavras-chave: Inclusão. Infância. Processos de socialização. Cultura de pares.
Sigma-2 Receptor as a Potential Drug Target
Authors: Chen Ai-Fang , Ma Wen-Hui , Xie Xiao-Yang , Huang Yun-Sheng
Published: September 2020

Sigma-2 receptor plays key roles in promoting tumor cell apoptosis, enhancing efficacy
of anti-tumor drugs, blocking signal transduction controlled by Aβ oligomers, regulating
Ca2+ homeostasis and protecting nerve cells. Studies indicated that sigma-2 receptor may
be closely coupled with ROS, LDL, mTOR, RAS, PLC/PKC, lysosomal autophagy and mitochondrial
super oxidative stress. In addition, the high expression of this receptor in proliferating
cells and nerve cells indicates that sigma-2 receptor is an ideal molecular target for imaging
and therapeutic development for cancer, Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia and traumatic
brain injury. Various sigma-2 agonists have shown promising anticancer activities, while
sigma-2 antagonists have displayed neuroprotection and inhibition of Aβ oligomers in the
brain of Alzheimer's disease patients. Thus, both sigma-2 agonists and antagonists are potentially
useful therapeutics for the management of cancer and neurodegenerative disorders.
Magnetic Digital Microfluidics for Point-of-Care Testing: Where Are We Now?
Authors: Zhang Yi
Published: September 2020

Point-of-care (POC) testing decentralizes the diagnostic tests to the sites near the
patient. Many POC tests rely on microfluidic platforms for sample-to-answer analysis. Compared
to other microfluidic systems, magnetic digital microfluidics demonstrate compelling
advantages for POC diagnostics. In this review, we have examined the capability of magnetic
digital microfluidics-based POC diagnostic platforms. More importantly, we have categorized
POC settings into three classes based on “where is the point”, “who to care” and “how to
test”, and evaluated the suitability of magnetic digital microfluidics in various POC settings.
Furthermore, we have addressed other technical issues associated with POC testing, such as
controlled environment, sample-system interface, system integration and information connectivity.
We hope this review would provide a guideline for the future development of magnetic
digital microfluidics-based platforms for POC testing.
Exploring the Mechanism of Lingzhu San in Treating Febrile Seizures by Using Network Pharmacology
Authors: Zhou Xiao , Zhang Xiao-Fei , Guo Dong-Yan , Yang Yan-Jun , Liu Lin , Wang Lin , Zhang Xue , Cheng Jiang-Xue , Zou Jun-Bo , Shi Ya-Jun
Published: September 2020

Objective:

Lingzhu San (LZS) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription which can be effective in
treating febrile seizures (FS) and has few researches on the mechanisms. In order to better guide the clinical use of LZS, we
used the research ideas and methods of network pharmacology to find the potential core compounds, targets and pathways
of LZS in the complex TCM system for the treatment of FS, and predict the mechanism.

Materials and Methods:

Databases such as BATMAN, TCMSP, TCMID, and SWISS TARGET are used to mine the active
compounds and targets of LZS, and the target information of FS was obtained through GENECARDS and OMIM. Using
Venny2.1.0 and Cytoscape software to locked the potential core compounds and targets of FS. The R language and ClusterProfiler software package were adopt to enrich and analyze the KEGG and GO pathways of the core targets and the biological processes and potential mechanisms of the core targets were revealed.

Results:

187 active compounds and 2113 target proteins of LZS were collected. And 38 potential core compounds, 35 core
targets and 775 metabolic and functional pathways were screened which involved in mediating FS. Finally, the role of the
core compounds, targets and pivotal pathways of LZS regulated FS in the pathogenesis and therapeutic mechanism of FS
was discussed and clarified.

Conclusions:

In this paper, the multi-compounds, multi-targets and multi-pathways mechanism of LZS in the treatment of
FS was preliminarily revealed through the analysis of network pharmacology data, which is consistent with the principle of
multi-compounds compatibility of TCM prescriptions and unified treatment of diseases from multiple angles, and it provides a new way for TCM to treat complex diseases caused by multiple factors.
Preparation of Sterile Raw Material - Chicken Eggshells in the Process of their Transformation into Selected Calcium Salts
Authors: Siemiradzka Wioletta , Dolińska Barbara , Ryszka Florian
Published: September 2020

Background:

The chicken eggshells and their subcrustal membranes are a valuable source
of calcium, but they are not further processed but disposed of as waste from the food industry. Chicken
eggshells have high content (>95%) of calcium carbonate. Some properties suggest that eggshells may
be a promising alternative to the present calcium sources used in the pharmaceutical industry.

Methods:

The effect of roasting chicken eggshells with a selected organic acid (citric or fumaric or lactic
acid) on microbiological purity, including the presence of fungi and bacteria Salmonella spp.,
Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli of obtained calcium salts, was investigated. In this study,
chicken eggshells were subjected to chemical reactions with organic acids (citric, fumaric or lactic
acid) at two different calcium-acid molar ratios (1:1 or 1:3) and the mixture was heat-treated for 1 or 3
hours at a temperature of 100°C or 120°C.

Results and Discussion:

It was found that lactic acid was 100% effective against fungi, and the remaining
citric and fumaric acids were -50% (regardless of the other examined conditions). The type of
acid used has a significant effect on fungal growth inhibition (p<0.05). Fumaric acid and lactic acid
will be nearly 100% effective against bacteria (100% fumaric acid and 97% lactic acid effectiveness),
regardless of other factors.

Conclusion:

Lactic acid is the most effective against pathogenic flora - fungi and bacteria. The transformation
of chicken eggshells into calcium lactate can provide us with sterile calcium salt, free of
100% fungi and 97% of all bacteria.
Thrombosis in IBD in the Era of JAK Inhibition
Authors: Solitano Virginia , Fiorino Gionata , D’Amico Ferdinando , Peyrin-Biroulet Laurent , Danese Silvio
Published: September 2020

Patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) have an increased risk of thrombosis. The interaction between inflammation and coagulation has been extensively studied. It is well-known that some drugs can influence the
haemostatic system, but several concerns on the association between therapies and increased risk of thrombosis remain
open. While biologics seem to have a protective role against thrombosis via their anti-inflammatory effect, some concerns
about an increased risk of thrombosis with JAK inhibitors have been raised. We conducted a literature review to assess the
association between biologics/small molecules and venous/arterial thrombotic complications. An increased risk of venous
and arterial thrombosis was found in patients treated with corticosteroids, whereas anti-TNF were considered protective
agents. No thromboembolic adverse event was reported with vedolizumab and ustekinumab. In addition, thromboembolic
events rarely occurred in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) after therapy with tofacitinib. The overall risk of both venous and arterial thrombosis was not increased based on the available evidence. Finally, in the era of JAK inhibitors,
treatment should be individualized by evaluating the pre-existing potential thrombotic risk balanced with the intrinsic risk
of the medication used.
Development of L-Lysine Amino Acid-Based Co-Crystal of Telmisartan Using Crystal Engineering Approach to Improve Solubility, Dissolution, and Micrometric Properties
Authors: Bhatt Nitin Kumar , Haneef Jamshed , Vyas Manish , Khatik Gopal L.
Published: September 2020

Aim:

To develop a co-crytsal of Telmisartan for enhancing its solubility in water.

Background:

Intermolecular interaction happens in crystal packing; it utilizes and helps to understand
the design of new solid with their respective chemical and physical properties called crystal engineering.
It is a blueprint of molecular solids with specific chemical and physical properties
through an understanding and handling of intermolecular interaction for increasing the solubility,
in case of poor water-soluble drugs.

Objectives:

The study was taken under consideration with an aim to generate and synthesize a cocrystal
form of Telmisartan (TEL) with L-lysine to improve its water solubility, dissolution, and micrometric
properties.

Methods:

Using dry grinding technique, solvent evaporation and cooling crystallization, the results
revealed a generation of co-crystals with enhanced solubility by liquid drop grinding method.
Hence, this process was further explored to investigate various formulations and process parameters
that could significantly affect the crystal solubility, dissolution, and micrometric properties.

Results:

The solubility of TEL co-crystals was enhanced by L-lysine. Further, the optimized batch
was subjected to its micrometric evaluation and physiochemical characterization like FT-IR, NMR,
PXRD. The result of the micrometric evaluation showed better results as compared to standards.
The dissolution studies also showed a better dissolution rate for TEL co-crystal tablets than TEL
tablets formulation.

Conclusion:

Co-crystals of TEL with L-lysine showed better solubility and dissolution rate.
Cardiovascular Effects of Hypoglycemic Agents in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Pietraszek Anna
Published: September 2020

Background:

Despite substantial improvements over the years, diabetes mellitus is still
associated with cardiovascular disease, heart failure, and excess mortality.

Objective:

The objective of this article is to examine existing data on the reduction of cardiovascular
morbidity and mortality in diabetes. Control of glycemia, lipid levels, and blood pressure are described
in brief. The main scope of this article is, however, to review the glucose-independent cardiovascular
effect of antidiabetic pharmacological agents (mainly other than insulin).

Methods:

The article is a narrative review based on recently published reviews and meta-analyses
complemented with data from individual trials, when relevant.

Results and Discussion:

Older data suggest a cardioprotective role of metformin (an inexpensive
and safe drug); a role to date not convincingly challenged. The cardiovascular effects of thiazolidinediones,
sulphonylurea, and glinides are debatable. Recent large-scale cardiovascular outcome
trials suggest a neutral profile of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors, yet provide compelling evidence
of cardioprotective effects of glucagon-like 1 receptor antagonists and sodium-glucose transporter
2 inhibitors.

Conclusion:

Metformin may have a role in primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease;
glucagon-like 1 receptor antagonists and sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors play a
role in secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Sodium-glucose transporter
2 inhibitors have a role to play in both primary and secondary prevention of heart failure; yet, they
carry a small risk of the potentially dangerous adverse effect, euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis.
The Mechanism of Action of Salsolinol in Brain: Implications in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Voon Shee Man , Ng Khuen Yen , Chye Soi Moi , Ling Anna Pick Kiong , Voon Kenny Gah Leong , Yap Yiing Jye , Koh Rhun Yian
Published: September 2020

1-Methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-6,7-diol, commonly known as salsolinol, is a compound derived from dopamine. It was first discovered in 1973 and has gained attention for its role in Parkinson’s disease. Salsolinol and its derivatives were claimed to play a role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease as a neurotoxin that induces apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons due to its structural similarity to 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and its ability to induce Parkinsonism. In this article, we discussed the biosynthesis, distribution and blood-brain barrier permeability of salsolinol. The roles of salsolinol in a healthy brain, particularly the interactions with enzymes, hormone and catecholamine, were reviewed. Finally, we discussed the involvement of salsolinol and its derivatives in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF RESILIENCE AND QUALITY OF LIFE PATIENT WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE WHO UNDERGOING HAEMODIALYSIS IN RASYDA KIDNEY HOSPITAL MEDAN
Authors: Pane Jagentar , Saragih Ice Septriani
Published: September 2020

Chronic kidney failure is a public health problem in the whole world and the treatment of end-stage chronic kidney failure is by dialysis. Haemodialysis can cause disorders Â in patient's body function that can make Â patientÂ  have to adaptation continuously for the rest of patientâ€™s Â life. Patients who suffering Â chronic diseases like Â chronic kidney failure feel unable to face, undergo, and accept the illness, so there is a need for resilience. Feelings of hopelessness and helplessness often faced by sufferers Â Chronic kidney failure because various treatments can not help and Â recover Â the patientÂ  from chronic diseases that can affect his/her quality of life. This study aims to determine the relationship of resilience and quality of life of patients with chronic kidney Â failure who undergoing Â hemodialysis at the Rasyda Kidney Hospital . This research is a descriptive correlative type of research using cross sectional design and the number of samples Â were 117 people where sampling technique with accindental sampling. The results showed that patients with chronic kidney failure who underwent hemodialysis at the majority Rasyida Kidney Special Hospital (85.5%) had high resilience and had an adequate quality of life (66.7%). The results also showed that there was a relationship of resilience with the quality of life of patients with chronic kidney failure undergoing hemodialysis at the Rasyida Kidney Special Hospital (p = 0.001, Î± <0.005). Researchers suggest that future studies conduct research on the factors that affect resilience and quality of life of patients with chronic kidney failure undergoing hemodialysis.
Use of 3D printing to create multifunctional cementitious composites: review, challenges and opportunities
Authors: Savija Branko
Published: September 2020

Additive manufacturing has been a topic of interest in the construction industry for the past decade. 3D printing of concrete structures promises great improvements in construction efficiency, waste reduction, and shape optimization. Another field where additive manufacturing offers opportunities is on the material level of cementitious composites. Techniques developed in other fields can be used to create multifunctional cementitious composites beyond what is possible with conventional technologies. This letter reviews recent developments in the field. Different applications are discussed: creating reinforcement for cementitious composites, creating capsules and vascular networks, and cementitious composites with superior mechanical behavior. Challenges for further research and practical applications of such materials are also discussed.
Orientación Emprendedora y Emprendimiento Corporativo: Diferencias y complementariedad en un modelo intención-acción
Authors: Cardona Montoya Raúl Armando , Martins Izaias , Velásquez Ceballos Hermilson
Published: September 2020

El objetivo del estudio es explicar diferencias y complementariedad entre la Orientación emprendedora como intención y el Emprendimiento corporativo, fenómenos que se tratan de forma indiferente por diversos autores. Mediante encuesta y datos de 137 PYMEs manufactureras, con un modelo de análisis multivariante y ecuaciones estructurales, se analiza la relación entre los dos fenómenos, poco contrastada cuantitativamente en estudios previos, mediada por las capacidades de gestión. A diferencia de los trabajos que analizan una sola capacidad como determinante, se analizan cuatro, entre ellas la de financiación, poco explorada y otra que incluso no se encontró en estudios previos, la Capacidad de Evaluar y gestionar proyectos, pero de alto impacto en la renovación empresarial, por lo que representa novedad. Los resultados confirman la existencia la relación positiva entre los dos constructos estudiados e igual de la orientación emprendedora con las capacidades de gestión analizadas. Como limitaciones se incluye la deficiente estructura organizacional de las PYMEs y el dejar por fuera otras capacidades como la cultura organizacional, estilos de liderazgo, innovación organizacional y otras variables, que en interacción pueden dinamizar la innovación y competitividad de las PYMEs.
Human- Versus Machine Learning–Based Triage Using Digitalized Patient Histories in Primary Care: Comparative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Entezarjou Artin , Bonamy Anna-Karin Edstedt , Benjaminsson Simon , Herman Pawel , Midlöv Patrik
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND

Smartphones have made it possible for patients to digitally report symptoms before physical primary care visits. Using machine learning (ML), these data offer an opportunity to support decisions about the appropriate level of care (triage).

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to explore the interrater reliability between human physicians and an automated ML-based triage method.

METHODS

After testing several models, a naïve Bayes triage model was created using data from digital medical histories, capable of classifying digital medical history reports as either in need of urgent physical examination or not in need of urgent physical examination. The model was tested on 300 digital medical history reports and classification was compared with the majority vote of an expert panel of 5 primary care physicians (PCPs). Reliability between raters was measured using both Cohen κ (adjusted for chance agreement) and percentage agreement (not adjusted for chance agreement).

RESULTS

Interrater reliability as measured by Cohen κ was 0.17 when comparing the majority vote of the reference group with the model. Agreement was 74% (138/186) for cases judged not in need of urgent physical examination and 42% (38/90) for cases judged to be in need of urgent physical examination. No specific features linked to the model’s triage decision could be identified. Between physicians within the panel, Cohen κ was 0.2. Intrarater reliability when 1 physician retriaged 50 reports resulted in Cohen κ of 0.55.

CONCLUSIONS

Low interrater and intrarater agreement in triage decisions among PCPs limits the possibility to use human decisions as a reference for ML to automate triage in primary care.
Sunburn Frequency and Risk and Protective Factors: A Cross-Sectional Survey (Preprint)
Authors: Braun Hayley , Adler Colin H , Goodman Michael , Yeung Howa
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND

Primary prevention of skin cancer is at the forefront of public health as morbidity and economic burden of this malignancy continue to grow. There are limited data on effective interventions to reduce sunburn frequency and modifiable risk factors.

OBJECTIVE

To determine an association between (1) demographic characteristics and outdoor sunburn frequency and (2) sunburn frequency and sun-related behaviors.

METHODS

Of the 23,430 surveys sent out, 4,883 participants reported sunburn-related data in the National Cancer Institute Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) 5 Cycle 3, a nationally representative, cross-sectional household survey. Association between frequency of sunburns within the last 12 months and demographic, risk, and protective factors were examined using Rao-Scott chi-square test. When assessing demographic factors, potential confounding was addressed using multivariable analysis.

RESULTS

In multivariable models, respondents more likely to report any sunburn were younger than 35 (ages 35-64 Odds Ratio (OR) (95% Confidence Interval CI): 0.43 (0.30-0.61); ages 65+ OR (95% CI): 0.12 (0.07-0.16)) and non-Hispanic white ethnicity (Non-Hispanic Black or Other OR (95% CI): 0.19 (0.13-0.30); Hispanic OR (95% CI): 0.48 (0.32-0.72)). Respondents with higher income were more likely to report any sunburn (OR (95% CI): 2.58 (1.78-3.76)), but less likely to sunburn frequently (OR (95% CI): 0.26 (0.12-0.56)). Females were less likely to report frequent sunburns than males (OR (95% CI): 0.56 (0.34-0.94)). Engagement in sporting events (P =.04), outdoor events (P=.04), and day-to-day activities (P<.001) during the most recent sunburn was more commonly reported by those with frequent sunburns as compared with those with infrequent sunburns while no difference was found in protective factors or alcohol use.

CONCLUSIONS

Public health interventions to prevent sunburns should target specific higher risk demographics during time spent outdoors, sporting events, and other day-to-day activities. Further insight into risk and protective behaviors for those who did not burn for comparison could be useful to further guide public health interventions.
Development of the Czech Childhood Cancer Information System: Data Analysis and Interactive Visualization (Preprint)
Authors: Krejčí Denisa , Karolyi Matěj , Pehalová Lucie , Ščavnický Jakub , Zapletalová Michaela , Katinová Ivana , Štěrba Jaroslav , Starý Jan , Šnajdrová Lenka , Komenda Martin , Dušek Ladislav
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND

The knowledge of cancer burden in the population, its time trends, and the possibility of international comparison is an important starting point for cancer programs. A reliable interactive tool describing cancer epidemiology in children and adolescents has been nonexistent in the Czech Republic until recently.

OBJECTIVE

The goal of this study is to develop a new web portal entitled the Czech Childhood Cancer Information System (CCCIS), which would provide information on childhood cancer epidemiology in the Czech Republic.

METHODS

Data on childhood cancers have been obtained from the Czech National Cancer Registry. These data were validated using the clinical database of childhood cancer patients and subsequently combined with data from the National Register of Hospitalised Patients and with data from death certificates. These validated data were then used to determine the incidence and survival rates of childhood cancer patients aged 0 to 19 years who were diagnosed in the period 1994 to 2016 (N=9435). Data from death certificates were used to monitor long-term mortality trends. The technical solution is based on the robust PHP development Symfony framework, with the PostgreSQL system used to accommodate the data basis.

RESULTS

The web portal has been available for anyone since November 2019, providing basic information for experts (ie, analyses and publications) on individual diagnostic groups of childhood cancers. It involves an interactive tool for analytical reporting, which provides information on the following basic topics in the form of graphs or tables: incidence, mortality, and overall survival. Feedback was obtained and the accuracy of outputs published on the CCCIS portal was verified using the following methods: the validation of the theoretical background and the user testing.

CONCLUSIONS

We developed software capable of processing data from multiple sources, which is freely available to all users and makes it possible to carry out automated analyses even for users without mathematical background; a simple selection of a topic to be analyzed is required from the user.
eHealth in Geriatric Rehabilitation: Systematic Review of Effectiveness, Feasibility, and Usability (Preprint)
Authors: Kraaijkamp Jules J M , van Dam van Isselt Eléonore F , Persoon Anke , Versluis Anke , Chavannes Niels H , Achterberg Wilco P
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND

eHealth has the potential to improve outcomes such as physical activity or balance in older adults receiving geriatric rehabilitation. However, several challenges such as scarce evidence on effectiveness, feasibility, and usability hinder the successful implementation of eHealth in geriatric rehabilitation.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this systematic review was to assess evidence on the effectiveness, feasibility, and usability of eHealth interventions in older adults in geriatric rehabilitation.

METHODS

We searched 7 databases for randomized controlled trials, nonrandomized studies, quantitative descriptive studies, qualitative research, and mixed methods studies that applied eHealth interventions during geriatric rehabilitation. Included studies investigated a combination of effectiveness, usability, and feasibility of eHealth in older patients who received geriatric rehabilitation, with a mean age of ≥70 years. Quality was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool and a narrative synthesis was conducted using a harvest plot.

RESULTS

In total, 40 studies were selected, with clinical heterogeneity across studies. Of 40 studies, 15 studies (38%) found eHealth was at least as effective as non-eHealth interventions (56% of the 27 studies with a control group), 11 studies (41%) found eHealth interventions were more effective than non-eHealth interventions, and 1 study (4%) reported beneficial outcomes in favor of the non-eHealth interventions. Of 17 studies, 16 (94%) concluded that eHealth was feasible. However, high exclusion rates were reported in 7 studies of 40 (18%). Of 40 studies, 4 (10%) included outcomes related to usability and indicated that there were certain aging-related barriers to cognitive ability, physical ability, or perception, which led to difficulties in using eHealth.

CONCLUSIONS

eHealth can potentially improve rehabilitation outcomes for older patients receiving geriatric rehabilitation. Simple eHealth interventions were more likely to be feasible for older patients receiving geriatric rehabilitation, especially, in combination with another non-eHealth intervention. However, a lack of evidence on usability might hamper the implementation of eHealth. eHealth applications in geriatric rehabilitation show promise, but more research is required, including research with a focus on usability and participation.
Producción de la madre-India en la escuela: reconceptualización del género y de los espacios públicos y privados
Authors: Benei Véronique
Published: September 2020

Este artículo busca replantear la dicotomía público/privado mediante la reconsideración de la producción de género en los discursos y prácticas nacionalistas en los procesos de socialización en la escuela. Intenta demostrar que la producción social y cultural de las identidades regionales y nacionales en el contexto de la educación formal es fundamental en la constitución de la institución disciplinar de la escuela, para el modelado y disciplina del cuerpo y para la “normalización” de los sujetos, y co-sustancial en la producción del discurso y la corporalidad de género.
El poder de los economistas y los economistas del poder
Authors: Rozo Torres Marcela
Published: September 2020

Este artículo, un ejercicio sobre la antropología del poder, toma como ejemplo a un grupo de economistas colombianos que en las últimas décadas han sustentado altos cargos en el gobierno nacional. El trabajo está dividido en dos partes. La primera se centra en la argumentación teórica que hace de la economía una ciencia social con un poder particular, sirviendo esto como justificación para tomar a los economistas como objeto de estudio. En la segunda se hace un recorrido por las prácticas que marcan el camino al poder, paralelo a un análisis del discurso mediante entrevistas a algunos economistas. Esto último con miras a descubrir el elemento ideológico de los argumentos utilizados por estos en el ejercicio de legitimación del círculo de poder.
La importancia de Gramsci para los estudios de raza y etnicidad
Authors: Hall Stuart , Giraldo Santiago
Published: September 2020

Este ensayo fue escrito para ser leído en el coloquio sobre Perspectivas teóricas en el análisis del racismo y la etnicidad, organizada en 1985 por la división de derechos humanos y paz de la Unesco, París.
Álgebras y tramas en el cálculo de riesgos
Authors: Sevilla Casas Elías , Sevilla Peñuela Teresita
Published: September 2020

Mediante la metáfora borgeana de “el álgebra y el fuego” se describen y comentan los modos como epidemiólogos y salubristas, por un lado, y antropólogos y sociólogos, por otro, trabajan, en frío, la noción de riesgo para la salud y la vida. Con ejemplos se expone la complejidad de las tramas de riesgo que construyen los que juegan, en caliente, con la salud y la vida de otros, así como la naturaleza de las álgebras que aplican a su situación los que corren los riesgos y sufren las consecuencias de sus decisiones. Estas consideraciones se tratan desde un punto de vista metodológico y técnico, centrado en los diseños especializados de los estudios sobre riesgos.
El tratamiento diferencial de los inmigrantes cubanos y mexicanos en el sistema de salud pública de Estados Unidos
Authors: Horton Sarah
Published: September 2020

Se examina la participación del sistema de salud pública de Estados Unidos en una construcción social más amplia, de los inmigrantes cubanos como dignos y de los mexicanos como indignos de los beneficios de la salud pública. Se muestra que la privatización acrecentó la preocupación sobre qué grupos sociales son “dignos” de los beneficios públicos. En particular, se expone la adopción por parte de Nuevo México de un sistema de salud privado para sus receptores de Medicaid, que llevó a un hospital público a desarrollar categorías detalladas de sujetos “indignos”, con el fin de racionar el servicio. Ya que los países Latinoamericanos adoptan cada vez más las reformas neoliberales a sus sistemas de salud, el análisis de sus efectos materiales y discursivos en Nuevo México tiene importancia también para la oferta de salud más allá de las fronteras.
Dengue, políticas públicas y realidad sociocultural: una aproximación al caso colombiano
Authors: Suárez Roberto , González Uribe Catalina , Viatela Juan Manuel
Published: September 2020

Este artículo reflexiona sobre las políticas públicas del control del dengue a partir del mundo de la vida cotidiana, desde una perspectiva crítica que busca debatir el desarrollo de las mismas frente a las percepciones que tiene la población sobre la enfermedad. El texto debate, a partir de un estudio de caso en Colombia, el encuentro de dos realidades sociales: el sector oficial en cabeza de las campañas de salud pública, y la población, que desde sus representaciones sociales sobre la enfermedad construye itinerarios terapéuticos para enfrentar la misma.
El camino del santazo. La narrativa del padecimiento misionero en Urabá, Colombia
Authors: Gálvez Abadía Aída
Published: September 2020

El artículo aborda los últimos años del carmelita descalzo José Joaquín Arteaga de la Virgen del Carmen, quien administró la prefectura apostólica de Urabá (1919-1926), en los actuales departamentos de Antioquia y Chocó (Colombia). Analiza la oscilación del personaje entre el cumplimiento del deber y la exigencia de garantías de salud, menguada por accidentes y dolencias tropicales. Agobiados por el inhóspito Urabá, Arteaga y sus misioneros renuncian en 1921. Se estudian las reacciones suscitadas por el hecho en Colombia, España y el Vaticano y el impacto de estas en la biografía del prefecto. El redescubrimiento de la dimensión existencial de la enfermedad, propio de los recientes estudios, permite elaborar la biografía de padecimiento del misionero, abordado generalmente por la disciplina como actor colectivo antes que como individuo.
DANOS MORAIS INDENIZÁVEIS DECORRENTES DO ABALO PSICOLÓGICO NO AMBIENTE DE TRABALHO: CHEFE NARCISISTA DESTRUTIVO X EMPREGADO
Authors: Alves Rademann Monica , Silva Rafael Zago da
Published: September 2020

O presente artigo centra-se em examinar o abalo psicológico no ambiente de trabalho decorrente de uma relação entre chefe narcisista destrutivo e seus empregados. O problema de pesquisa que se apresenta compreende os danos psicológicos causados por um empregador de personalidade narcisista destrutiva que tenha gerado tamanho transtorno psicológico a seu empregado cabendo indenização por danos morais. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, realizada por meio do método de abordagem dedutivo e de procedimento bibliográfico e documental. Para responder o problema da pesquisa dividiu-se em dois momentos: primeiro, as reflexões partem de uma breve conceituação de chefe narcisista e da caracterização do abalo psicológico no ambiente de trabalho. Segundo, explana sobre como ocorrem os abusos psicológicos e os danos morais cabíveis. Nesse sentido, conclui-se que os chefes com personalidade narcisista transformam o ambiente de trabalho em um local tóxico, afetando o psicológico de seus empregados, cabendo, desta maneira o direito a indenização por danos morais.
OS SINDICATOS NO BRASIL SOB A LUZ DA TEORIA DA “LÓGICA DA AÇÃO COLETIVA” DE MANCUR OLSON
Authors: Ferreira Leonardo Rodrigues , Santos Sandberg Marcel
Published: September 2020

O presente trabalho trata da relação entre os sindicatos no Brasil e a teoria da lógica da ação coletiva de Mancur Olson, com enfoque na mudança na lei trabalhista de 2017: a contribuição sindical, que antes era obrigatória, passou a ser facultativa, gerando mudanças comportamentais nos sindicatos. O objetivo geral é estudar os sindicatos no Brasil, perante a teoria da lógica da ação coletiva, e os objetivos específicos são: identificar alguns elementos que expliquem como se dá o comportamento de grupos específicos, e analisar como esses elementos se interconectam ou se separam nas suas ideologias. Metodologicamente, o trabalho utiliza a teoria do programa, que é uma ferramenta de avaliação e análise das políticas públicas, consistindo em um constructo analítico entre meios e fins. Os resultados encontrados foram as mudanças realizadas pelos sindicatos para sobreviverem após a modificação da lei trabalhista. Foram verificadas ações mais atrativas para o associado, como serviços de saúde, assessoria jurídica e contábil, e ações voltadas ao lazer e à integração de seus membros, buscando, assim, manter a contribuição pecuniária de seus integrantes.
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES, MICROBIOLOGY AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITYOF ABON BEEF IN THE CITY OF PALU
Authors: Halid Sukisman Abdul , Rahim Abdul
Published: September 2020

One of the most popular food products in Central Sulawesi is shredded beef, and sometimes aspects of food quality and safety were not given attention by producers or consumers. The objective of the study is to identify the chemical, microbiological and antioxidant properties of shredded beef produced and circulated in Palu City. This study uses a complete randomized design with 8 samples and each sample were repeated three times so that 24 samples were obtained with observed parameters including moisture content, ash content, protein content, fat content, total microbial count and antioxidant activity.The results showed that water content (5,04 -9,35%), ash content (3,59 - 5,74%), protein content (25,60-38,97%), fat content (19,20- 39,37%) and total microbial count (1,27-8,48 log cfu / g) and antioxidant activity as indicated by Inhibition Concentration / IC50 (3234,31 - 6740,5 ppm) and percentage of inhibition (35,63 - 80.27%). The results of this study indicate that shredded beef from various SMEs in the city of Palu is still partially met the quality standards based on SNI, so MSME guidance is needed periodically and continuously.
PENGEMBANGAN DAN PEMBUATAN MATERI AJAR KOMPONEN ELEKTRONIKA BERBASIS MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN SOFTWARE LECTORA INSPIRE
Authors: Hidayat Candra , Jaya Putra
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan materi ajar komponen elektronika berbasis media pembelajaran software Lectora Inspire yang memenuhi unjuk kerja yang layak. Pembuatan media dirancang dengan menggunakan metode perancangan perangkat lunak model waterfall, meliputi: 1) Perancangan, 2) Desain Arsitektur dan Antarmuka, 3) Pengkodean/Pemrograman, dan 4) Pengujian. Uji kelayakan terhadap hasil pengembangan dan pembuatan materi ajar komponen elektronika berbasis software Lectora Inspire ini dilakukan pada tiga aspek utama, meliputi aspek software, aspek desain tampilan media, dan aspek manfaat. Berdasarkan hasil uji kelayakan yang dilakukan oleh dua orang orang ahli media diperoleh data bahwa rerata skor aspek software mendapatkan nilai 17, rerata skor aspek desain tampilan media mendapatkan nilai 45,5, dan rerata skor aspek manfaat mendapatkan nilai 3. Rerata skor total sebesar 65,5 dari jumlah skor 72. Mengacu kepada tabel skala likert, skor yang diperoleh tersebut memberikan interprestasi dengan kategori sangat layak.
Os projetos de abolição de Joaquim Nabuco e Luís Gama
Authors: Santos Sales Augusto dos , Faria Luis Gustavo de Paiva
Published: September 2020

Objetivando contribuir com o estudo da história e cultura afro-brasileiras e, consequentemente, opondo-se à colonialidade do poder e do saber, neste artigo visamos comparar os projetos de abolição de Joaquim Nabuco e de Luís Gama, realizando um levantamento parcial de suas respectivas características e pressupostos. Assim, verificamos diferenças e semelhanças entre as suas propostas e seus posicionamentos políticos e ideológicos para concretizá-las. Sustenta-se o argumento de que o projeto de abolição assumido por Nabuco, entendido aqui como um representante das elites dirigentes daquele contexto histórico, é diametralmente oposto ao projeto de Luís Gama, ex-escravizado que logrou ser poeta e advogado antiescravista. Ambos agem como intelectuais orgânicos de suas classes de origem. O primeiro defendia que a abolição fosse conduzida pelos homens livres, mas deliberada no Parlamento; portanto, sem a participação dos/as escravizados/as e com o objetivo último de embranquecer o Brasil. O segundo defendia que a conquista da liberdade tivesse participação efetiva dos/as escravizados/as, inclusive com uso da violência, como, por exemplo, o assassinato dos senhores pelos/as escravizados/as.
Docência em história no ensino médio, em turma regular, com a presença de aluno surdo
Authors: Azevedo Crislane Barbosa de , Perales Heloisa Lima
Published: September 2020

Este trabalho se constitui em uma reflexão sobre a prática pedagógica do professor de História de Ensino Médio, em turma regular, com a presença de aluno surdo, em uma escola pública de Natal-RN. Analisa como o professor planeja suas aulas, estrutura suas práticas e produz e/ou utiliza materiais didáticos com atenção aos alunos surdos. Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, bem como pesquisa de campo à luz da metodologia colaborativa, pautada na abordagem de pesquisa qualitativa, que contribuiu para a conscientização da professora sobre as necessidades específicas do aluno surdo e motivou mudanças atitudinais que se refletiram na sua prática pedagógica e, por consequência, na produção de recursos didáticos.