bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementing real-time intervention on reading habits and monitoring outdoor activities for myopic children
Authors: Han Mengyao , Yan Binxian , Zhou Chao , Zhou Xiaobo , He Junwen , Wu Jianhua
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Myopia, or near-sightedness, has become a global epidemic, particularly among children. This study investigates the relationship between myopia and environmental factors, focusing on reading habits in myopic children. The objective is to assess the effectiveness of Clouclip, an intelligent wearable device, in monitoring and intervening in myopia-related behaviors. Methods: Seventy-one myopic students (aged 10–14) from three schools in Wuhan, China, participated in the study. Informed consent was obtained, and ethical approval was granted. Inclusion criteria specified participants wearing glasses, parental cooperation in Clouclip data upload, voluntary participation, daily glasses wearing from 8:00 am to 21:00 pm, and refractive error ranging from − 0.5D to -6D. Exclusion criteria included abnormal intraocular pressure, eye diseases, prior myopia control methods, systemic diseases, and high myopia in parents. Ocular biological data were measured, including cycloplegic autorefraction, axial length, and intraocular pressure. Clouclip: Clouclip, a wearable sensor, measured reading behavior parameters such as outdoor activity time, reading time, illuminance, and reading distance. Data were collected for two months to assess changes in behavior. Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis utilized SPSS version 25.0. Shapiro-Wilk tests, correlation coefficients, Mann-Whitney U tests, paired t-tests, and Wilcoxon rank sum tests were employed as appropriate. Results: Baseline characteristics showed a mean cycloplegic SER of -3.1D. Initial Clouclip data revealed no significant relationship between cycloplegic SER and environmental factors. After two months, visual distance showed a significant decrease (p = 0.017). Other factors, including reading illuminance, outdoor time, and reading time, did not exhibit statistical significance. Discussion: This study found that cloud-clip intervention can change eye-use behavior, but it cannot change the impact of the social environment.
Comparison of the Effects of Different Teaching Methods on the Effectiveness of Teaching Neurology in China: A Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review
Authors: Li Xiangyu , Zhang Longsheng , Sun Wenjun , Lei Min , Li Ying , Zhang Jiacheng , Huang Xing
Published: December 2023

Background: In China, investigations into the efficacy of neurological clinical teaching try to ascertain the impacts of various teaching methods on intervention outcomes. However, these studies often suffer from limited sample sizes, single-center studies and low quality, compounded by the lack of direct comparative analyses between teaching methods, thereby leaving the identification of the most effective method unresolved. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of various teaching methods in the standardized training of Chinese neurology clinicians to inform an optimal teaching model utilizing a Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA) approach.
Methods: A comprehensive computer search was conducted to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the efficacy of 7 teaching methods: problem-based learning (PBL), case-based learning (CBL), flipped classroom model (FCM), evidence-based medicine (EBM), clinical practice (CP), team-based learning (TBL), and lecture-based learning (LBL). The search, which spanned databases including the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Citation Database (CDD), China Science Periodical Database (CSPD), Chinese BioMedical Literature Database (CBM), PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, covered the period from the inception of these databases to April 1, 2023. The quality of the included studies was evaluated, and the data were analyzed in R 4.3.2 and Stata 17.0software.
Results: From the 31 studies included, comprising 2124 subjects, significant findings emerged. In theoretical examinations, a statistically significant difference was noted among the teaching methods, with CBL, PBL, TBL, FCM, and EBM showing superior performance over the LBL method. The effectiveness ranking of these methods was as follows: CBL > PBL > TBL > FCM > EBM > CP > LBL. In terms of practical skills examinations, a similar pattern of effectiveness was observed. Here, the order of effectiveness was CBL > EBM > PBL > TBL > FCM > CP > LBL.
Conclusions: This NMA indicated that the modern teaching pedagogies, particularly CBL, could be effective in neurology education, and might help improve the theoretical examinations and practical skills of neurology clinicians. Fully tapping into the strengths of modern teaching methods in neurology teaching will require additional work and advancing research.
Theoretical construction and testing of sports behavior change model of Chinese college students
Authors: Wu Youliang , Ma Zuchang , Sun Yining
Published: December 2023

Objective:To examine the contribution of college students' motor behavior, construct a prediction model suitable for college students' motor behavior change, and test the reliability and validity of the prediction model.
Method: By using research methods such as literature and mathematical statistics, and on the basis of cross-theoretical models, this paper analyzes the relationship between various variables involved in the process of sports behavior change, discusses the influence of various factors in the process of sports behavior change, and puts forward hypotheses on the influence of changes in different stages of sports intervention on physical health improvement. Then construct the theoretical model of college students' movement behavior change. A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 420 college students randomly sampled. SPSS Cronbach's A and half reliability were used for reliability test, and Bartlett's spherical test and factor analysis were used for sample validity test.
Results: The a coefficient of the scale of movement behavior change stage based on cross-theoretical model was 0.782, and the broken half reliability was 0.654. The A-coefficient of the change process scale was 0.964, and the broken half reliability was 0.880. The A-coefficient of self-efficacy scale was 0.946, and the broken half reliability was 0.946. The A-coefficient of decision balance scale was 0.906, and the broken half reliability was 0.667. Factor analysis was carried out based on the scale items of sports behavior of college students across the theoretical model. The statistical analysis showed that the KMO values were 0.917, 0.943, 0.943 and 0.846, respectively, with strong partial correlation, which was very suitable for factor analysis. Sphericity test showed that p < 0.01 was significantly correlated with each scale, indicating that there were cofactors in the correlation between the matrices and the scale validity was suitable. In the matrix analysis of rotation components of each scale, the results of items are greater than 0.4, indicating that the structure of items in the scale is reasonable.
Conclusion:This study revised the change stage scale, change process scale, self-efficacy scale and decision balance scale of college students' motor behavior across theoretical models, and verified their reasonable structure by factor analysis. The reliability and validity tests showed that the change stage scale met the measurement requirements, indicating that its stability and reliability were high, and it was in line with the measurement standards of motor behavior change of college students from the perspective of cross-theoretical models.
Ultrasound description of the coelomic cavity of the axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) in a healthy population: a pilot study
Authors: Vieu Sabrina , Poul Ninon Le , Tur Léa , Aupée Cécile , Kerbrat-Copy Réjane , Bouhsina Nora , Cojean Ophélie , Fusellier Marion
Published: December 2023

Axolotls (Ambystoma mexicanum) are widely studied for human medical research. While critically endangered in wildlife, they have also become popular as household pets. Although they have been kept in captivity for over a century, coelomic organs description of their anatomy remains limited, and this species presents significant variations compared to other amphibians. Ultrasound is a non-invasive, painless medical imaging technique, well-suited for investigating internal organs or other structures. This study describes ultrasound appearance of the axolotl coelomic cavity. Identification, localization and parenchyma description of major organs are reported on 28 neotenic axolotls by using frequencies between 7 to 15 MHz. Results were confirmed by comparing ultrasound and necropsy on one male and one female. The heart, lung surface, liver and reproductive tracts were observed. Measurements with confidence intervals were calculated for spleen, kidneys, testicles, gastric wall, gallbladder, and pylorus. Hyperechoic millimetric particles in gallbladder or ascites were occasionally detected. Pancreas and bladder could not be observed. The outcomes of this research include the production of images combined in an atlas. The experiment showed a repeatable and easily accessible protocol for anatomy-morphological assessment in axolotl medicine and is the necessary step before identification of lesions.
Bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation in the distal ulna where the lesion is continuous with the medullary cavity: a case report
Authors: Wang Tianyu , Ouyang Zhengxiao , Chen Zhuzhong , Yang Yuhui , Huang Xiaoyi , Xiang Cheng , Ling Lin , Zhou Peng , Guo Xiaoning
Published: December 2023

Background: Bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation (BPOP) is a rare benign bone tumor, it is also called "Nora's lesion”. The lesion is characterized by heterotopic ossification of the normal bone cortex or parosteal bone. The etiology of BPOP is unclear and may be related to trauma. In most BPOPs, the lesion is not connected to the medullary cavity. Here we report an atypical case, characterized by reversed features compared to the typical BPOP, which demonstrated continuity of the lesion with the cavity.
Case presentation: An 11-year-old female child had a slow-growing mass on her right wrist for 8 months with forearm rotation dysfunction. Plain X-rays showed an irregular calcified mass on the right distal ulna, and computed tomography (CT) showed a pedunculated mass resembling a mushroom protruding into the soft tissue at the distal ulna. The medulla of this lesion is continuous with the medulla of the ulna. A surgical resection of the lesion, together with a portion of the ulnar bone cortex below the tumor was performed, and the final pathology confirmed BPOP. After the surgery, the child's forearm rotation function improved significantly, and there was no sign of a recurrence at 1-year follow-up.
Conclusions: It is scarce for BPOP lesions to communicate with the medullary cavity. However, under-recognition of these rare cases may result in misdiagnosis or inappropriate treatment thereby increasing the risk of recurrence. Therefore, special cases where BPOP lesions are continuous with the medulla are even more important to be studied to understand better and master these lesions. Although BPOP is a benign tumor with no evidence of malignant transformation, the recurrence rate of surgical resection is high. We considered the possibility of this particular disease prior to surgery and performed a surgical resection with adequate safety margins. Regular postoperative follow-up is of utmost importance, without a doubt.
Fluid flow and heat transfer of water based-nanofluids in plate- fin heat Sink
Authors: Rahbar Ali , Shotorbani Amirreza Hesabi , Bazyar Pourya , Sheidaee Ehsan
Published: December 2023

Heat transfer is generally needed in industrial processes and consumer products. To improve efficiency and to increase power density per unit surface and volume, new materials such as nanofluid have been developed for improving heat transfer systems. Nanofluid consisting of nanoparticles dispersed in a base fluid provides improved heat transfer capability. The use of passive strategies in microchannel heat sinks allows for increasing the device’s efficiency. In this study, the fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics of turbulent nanofluids flow in plate- fin heat sink (PFHS) such as base surface temperature, local Nusselt number, dimensionless pressure (Eu number), pumping power, profit factor, thermal resistance and effective Prandtl number are studied. Using the K-Ɛ turbulence model, the characteristics of the fluid flow through the PFHS are described and simulated by Ansys Fluent. A constant heat flux boundary condition is applied on the base plate of PFHS and all the other surfaces of PFHS are insulated. Four different kinds of nanofluids are utilized as working fluids which are SiO2, Al2O3, ZnO, and CuO dispersed in distilled water as a base fluid. Volume fractions of 2% and a distinctive nanoparticle diameter of 60 nm were employed. Results indicate that nanofluids can improve the performance of PFHS. Viscosity has an important role in the pressure drop in the PFHS. The improvement in the thermal transportation of nanofluids increases the convective heat transfer coefficient.
Temperature effect on carbapenemase-encoding plasmid transfer
Authors: Yang Ji Woo , Nam Ji-Hyun , Lee Kwang Jun , Yoo Jung Sik
Published: December 2023

Bacteria that cause human infections can acquire antibiotic resistance, and several factors may play a role. Although temperature is known to affect bacterial growth in vitro and regulate the transfer of genes encoding antibiotic resistance, there is little evidence of changes in antibiotic resistance with ambient temperature. We investigated the distribution of antibiotic resistance at different ambient temperatures and evaluated whether temperature affected the transmission of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE). The study on Klebsiella pneumoniae from eight sentinel hospitals of the Korea Global Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System (Kor-GLASS) between 2017 and 2021 was included in the analysis. Conjugation experiments were performed at different temperatures for strains harboring representative carbapenemase genes. The resistance rates to most antibiotics, including carbapenems, varied significantly according to ambient temperature (P < 0.047), except for aminoglycosides. The optimal conjugation temperature for blaKPC-carrying plasmids was 25°C (P = 0.030) and plasmids carrying blaNDM showed the highest conjugation frequency at 30°C (P = 0.007). The blaKPC-IncF showed higher stability at 25°C than at 30°C (P = 0.032) or 37°C (P = 0.047), and the plasmid stability of blaKPC-IncX3 was the lowest at 37°C (P = 0.047). The blaNDM-IncF was very stable at 30°C, and blaNDM-IncX3 was the highest at 30°C and the lowest at 37°C (P = 0.049). In conclusion, we confirmed that carbapenemase gene transmission was optimal at 25–30°C. This suggests that more antibiotic resistance-related genes can be transferred in warmer seasons. Therefore, we suggest that ambient temperature plays an important role in the spread and transfer of CPE.
Hydrogen-based microbial life in Arctic hydrothermal vent plumes of the Gakkel Ridge
Authors: Wegener Gunter , Molari Massimiliano , Purser Autun , Diehl Alexander , Albers Elmar , Walter Maren , Mertens Christian , German Christopher , Boetius Antje
Published: December 2023

Hydrothermal vents transport hot fluids rich in potential microbial energy sources into the water column. Here, we describe two deep-sea mounds with hydrothermal venting on the Gakkel Ridge in the ice-covered Central Arctic Ocean. Both mounds showed fresh pillow basalts and mineralization of metal sulfides. Vent fauna were rare, but locally filter feeders and opportunists grazing microbial mats were abundant. The hydrothermal plumes rose up to 800 m into the deep Arctic Ocean, and in the non-buoyant plume phase, rates of microbial carbon fixation were up to 50 times higher than values for background seawater. In the Polaris plume, sulfide and hydrogen supported the growth of the chemoautotrophs SUP05 and Candidatus Sulfuriomonas pluma. At the Aurora vents, the hydrogen oxidizer Ca.S. pluma dominated, whereas metal sulfide precipitation reduced the bioavailability of sulfide in the plume. There was no evidence for methane consumption at either site. Our results demonstrate the dominance of hydrogen as an energy source in Arctic hydrothermal vents.
Effect of the mass vaccination duration on the spread of COVID-19 evaluated by a flexible compartment model
Authors: Ohmori Hiroo
Published: December 2023

For COVID-19, infected individuals are isolated from the community when they become symptomatic, and when they become recovered individuals who have immunity, they return to the community. With an increase in the number of recovered individuals in the community, the contact rate between infected individuals and susceptible individuals is reduced, resulting in a decrease in the number of infected individuals. Vaccination causes not only a decrease in the number of susceptible individuals in the community but also a reduction in the contact rate between infected individuals and susceptible individuals with an increase in the number of vaccinated individuals as the recovered individuals do. From the viewpoint of herd immunity, the vaccination duration, which is the period between the start and the end of mass vaccination, must be examined because the number of vaccinated individuals actually increases gradually day by day according to vaccination programs, and the total number of vaccinated individuals depends on the mass vaccination duration, controlling the spread of COVID-19. How long should we continue mass vaccination to contain the COVID-19 pandemic from a physical viewpoint? The number of infected individuals by different mass vaccination durations is calculated by a flexible compartment model specific to COVID-19. The model contains the vaccination rate as an independent valuable in the calculation equations and, as the dependent valuables, the number of isolated/recovered individuals and the population excluding the individuals kept in isolation, both of which affect the contact rate between infected individuals and susceptible individuals. The effect of the mass vaccination duration can be evaluated by comparing the total numbers of infected individuals among the cases with different mass vaccination durations for the cases with different start dates of vaccination, with different vaccination rates and with different symptomatic rates. The results show that since the contact rate decreases with an increase in the number of vaccinated individuals, the earlier the start date of vaccination is, the smaller the total number of infected individuals becomes, and the longer the mass vaccination duration is, the smaller the total number of infected individuals becomes. The results also show that when vaccination is continued until the day when the sum of the number of recovered individuals and the number of vaccinated individuals becomes more than an ‘expedient herd immunity threshold’, the total number of infected individuals is significantly reduced, and the duration of infection is also markedly shortened, as expected for the case with a sufficient mass vaccination duration.
Unlocking the Biosynthetic Potential and Taxonomy of the Antarctic Microbiome along Temporal and Spatial Gradients
Authors: Medeiros William Bartolomeu , Hidalgo Kelly , Leão Tiago , Carvalho Lucas Miguel , Ziemert Nadine , Oliveira Valéria
Published: December 2023

Extreme environments, such as Antarctica, select microbial communities that display a range of evolutionary strategies to survive and thrive under harsh environmental conditions. These include a diversity of specialized metabolites, which have the potential to be a source for new natural product discovery. Efforts using (meta)genome mining approaches to identify and understand biosynthetic gene clusters in Antarctica are still scarce, and the extent of their diversity and distribution patterns in the environment have yet to be discovered. Herein, we investigated the biosynthetic gene diversity of the biofilm microbial community of Whalers Bay – Deception Island, in the Antarctic Peninsula, and revealed its distribution patterns along spatial and temporal gradients by applying metagenome mining approaches and multivariable analysis. The results showed that the Whalers Bay microbial community harbors a great diversity of biosynthetic gene clusters distributed into seven classes, with terpene being the most abundant. The phyla Proteobacteria and Bacteroidota were the most abundant in the microbial community and contributed significantly to the biosynthetic gene abundances in Whalers Bay. Further, the results highlighted a significant correlation between the distribution of biosynthetic genes and taxonomic diversity, emphasizing the intricate interplay between microbial taxonomy and their potential for specialized metabolite production.
Improving the Efficiency of Waste Heat Recovery Systems by Means of a Novel Combined Turbine-Peltier System
Authors: TEKİN Ozan , BARZEGAR Ramin , SÖYLEMEZ Mehmet Sait
Published: December 2023

A novel Combined Turbine-Peltier System (CTPS) was designed and built to harness both thermal and kinetic energies of the exhaust gas of an engine and convert it to electrical power. The Turbine-Generator was connected to the turbocharger shaft and the Thermoelectric Generators (TEG) were assembled between the heat exchangers mounted on the exhaust pipe. The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach and Taguchi optimization technique were employed in order to analyze and optimize the flow field and heat transfer characteristics of the system. Based on the optimized numerical results, an experimental setup was designed and manufactured, and the experiments were conducted on an engine operating at different load and speed conditions. The harvested maximum power output for a single TEG was 5.5 W with the thermal efficiency of 3.6% and the net output power of the CTPS was 190 W obtained at the engine speed of 3000 rpm. The maximum increase in the power of the ICE combined with CTPS method was calculated as 1.6%. The obtained numerical results were compared with the experiments and showed a good accordance with the maximum deviation of 6%.
Initial experience of a novel ureteral silicon-covered metallic mesh stent in malignant ureteric obstruction
Authors: Lee Chung Un , Choo Seol Ho , Boo Youngjun , Chung Jae Hoon , Han Deok Hyun
Published: December 2023

Purpose
To investigate initial experiences and outcomes of a retrograde inserted new silicone-covered metallic ureteric stent (Urexel™) for malignant ureteric obstruction.
Methods
We reviewed the medical records for 12 consecutive patients who underwent Urexel™ stent placement for malignant ureteric obstruction from March 2020 to March 2021. The Urexel™ stent is a segmental metallic ureteric stent composed of a nitinol mesh covered with a silicone membrane. We evaluated the clinical outcomes and complications of this new metallic ureteric stent.
Results
The median age of patients was 61.5 (44–82) years, and the median follow-up was 25.5 (4–37) months. One of the 12 patients underwent bilateral stent insertion, Urexel™ stents were placed in a total of 13 ureteral units. There was no technical failure during stent placement. The median length of obstructions was 9 (1–22) cm. Balloon dilation was necessary in 38.5% (5/13 ureter units) of cases. The 1-year success rate was 76.9%, 2-year success rate was 61.5, and overall success rate was 53.8%. Encrustation, migration and hyperplasia were the cause of overall treatment failure in all 6 cases of failure, with median elapsed time to failure of 9.5 (1–30) months. Common complications included persistent pain, acute pyelonephritis, and lower urinary tract symptoms, but they were Clavien-Dindo grade I or II.
Conclusions
In this initial series of novel ureteral silicon-covered metallic mesh stents, Urexel™ showed favorable outcomes with a high success rate and acceptable complication rate in malignant ureteric obstructions.
Red blood cell transfusion in a tertiary Haitian hospital's emergency department: patient characteristics and availability challenges
Authors: Jacques Flawendjee Djaweelentz , Julmisse Samentha Cyndie , Laurore Ange Cindy , Lefruit Ralph Mackenson , Chery Maurice Junior , Dubique Kobel
Published: December 2023

Background
Red blood cell (RBC) transfusions are essential for many patients admitted to emergency departments. However, accessibility to red cell transfusions is often limited, especially in low-income countries such as Haiti. This article aims to determine the proportion of patients requiring emergency transfusion, transfused patients' characteristics, as well as the response rate and timeliness of blood product delivery for requests made.
Study design and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among all patients with red blood cell transfusion indications from January to June 2022 at the Emergency Department of Mirebalais Teaching Hospital. The parameters studied included transfusion indications, pre-transfusion hemoglobin levels, indications, pre-transfusion hemoglobin levels, and delay from prescription to transfusion.
Results
During the study period, 3993 patients received treatment. The proportion of patients requiring RBCs was 6.6%, including 145 males and 117 females, with a mean age of 44 years ranging from 9 to 84 years. Only 21.7% of these patients received a transfusion. The average pre-transfusion hemoglobin level was 4.75 ± 1.68 mg/dL. The most common indications for transfusion were infection/sepsis (36.74%), trauma (23.48%), and cancer (21.57%). The median time delay from prescription to transfusion was 2.37 days [IQR: 0.97–4.93 days].
Conclusion
RBC transfusion requests are frequent in the emergency department of Mirebalais Teaching Hospital, with a relatively high transfusion delay. Further studies on the relevance of RBC requests and ways to reduce delay from prescription to transfusion would be beneficial to improve this situation.
Assessing and improving public health service capability of primary healthcare personnel: A large-scale survey in Henan Province, China
Authors: Liu Rongmei , Zhao Qiuping , Dong Wenyong , Guo Dan , Shen Zhanlei , Li Yi , Zhang Wanliang , Zhu Dongfang , Zhang Jingbao , Bai Junwen , Ren Ruizhe , Zhen Mingyue , Zhang Jiajia , Cui Jinxin , Li Xinran , Miao Yudong
Published: December 2023

Background
The public health service capability of primary healthcare personnel directly affects the utilization and delivery of health services, and is influenced by various factors. This study aimed to examine the status, factors, and urban-rural differences of public health service capability among primary healthcare personnel, and provided suggestions for improvement.
Methods
We used cluster sampling to survey 11,925 primary healthcare personnel in 18 regions of Henan Province from 20th to March 31, 2023. Data encompassing demographics and public health service capabilities, including health lifestyle guidance, chronic disease management, health management of special populations, and vaccination services. Multivariable regression analysis was employed to investigate influencing factors. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) elucidated relationships and mechanisms among different capabilities, and Propensity Score Matching (PSM) quantified urban-rural differences.
Results
The total score of public health service capability was 80.17 points. Gender, education level, average monthly salary, professional title, health status, employment form, work unit type, category of practicing (assistant) physician significantly influenced the public health service capability (all P < 0.05). Chronic disease management, health management of special populations, and vaccination services directly influenced health lifestyle guidance (all P < 0.05). PSM analysis revealed rural primary healthcare personnel had higher public health service capability scores than urban ones.
Conclusions
The public health service capability of primary healthcare personnel in Henan Province was relatively high, but chronic disease management required improvement. Additionally, implementing effective training methods for different subgroups, and improving the service capability of primary medical and health institutions were positive measures.
A predictive diagnostic model for refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a single-center retrospective cohort study
Authors: 林 韵 , Sun Yang , Zhang Yongyue , Zhang Rongjin , Wang Shumin , Jing Hongmei , Cui Ligang , Li Chunyuan
Published: December 2023

Objective：This study aimed to develop a model utilizing ultrasonic characterizations and clinical indicators and assess its effectiveness in predicting refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (R DLBCL).
Methods：This study enrolled a total of 140 cases for analysis. Following histopathological examination,ultrasound, positron emission tomography/computed tomography, and standard chemotherapy，the patients were categorized into either the refractory group or non-refractory group based on the Lugano criteria. Differences in clinicopathological characteristics,ultrasonic characterizations,maximum standardized uptake values and laboratory indexes were assessed . The diagnostic efficacy of the predictive model was analyzed through the construction of a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve .
Results：In the univariate analysis，statistically significant differences were observed in lesion diameter, lactate dehydrogenase levels, margin blur , peripheral tissue echo enhancement, stage, International Prognostic Index score, and bone marrow involvement between the refractory group and non-refractory groups (P < 0.05). Multifactor analysis identified margin blur and peripheral tissue echo enhancement as independent predictors. The establishment of the risk prediction model histogram through multivariate logistic regression analysis yielded an area under the ROC curve of 0.773, indicative of the prediction models robust differentiation capabilities . In the decision curve analysis，configuring threshold probability to 42.2% resulted in a clinical net benefit rate of 23.5% .
Conclusion：The prediction model of the R DLBCL prediction model，amalgamating ultrasonic characterizations and clinical indicators ，proves instrumental in identifying high-risk DLBCL groups .This identification holdssignificant value for the tailored selection of personalized treatment strategies.
Early minimal residual disease eradication in light chain amyloidosis generates deeper and faster cardiac response
Authors: Liu Peng , Xu Tianhong , Li Jing , Yang Yang , Wang Wenjing , Zhou Chi , Wang Pu , Yu Chenqi
Published: December 2023

Minimal residual disease (MRD) is of growing interest in light chain (AL) amyloidosis and is associated with higher rates of cardiac response. A new graded cardiac response criteria has been proposed for better assessment of cardiac improvement. We evaluated MRD status in 63 patients with cardiac AL amyloidosis using next generation flow cytometry within four cycles after treatment initiation and cardiac response kinetics. The overall early MRD negative rates was 33.3%. Patients who achieved early MRD negativity were less likely to harbor t(11;14) (21.1% vs 57.5%, P=0.009). The MRD negative rates amongst patients in hematologic complete response were 66.7%, and in very good partial response 29.2%. Early MRD negativity was associated with a higher likelihood of achieving ≥cardiac partial response (≥CarPR) (66.7% vs 38.1%, P=0.032) and ≥cardiac very good partial response (≥CarVGPR) (38.1% vs 11.9%, P=0.023) throughout first-line therapy. The cumulative incidence curve of achieving ≥CarPR (P=0.034) and ≥CarVGPR (P=0.026) showed significant difference between early MRD negative and positive group. After a median follow-up time of 27.2 months, the median progression free survival was longer in early MRD negative group (not reached vs 31.3 months, P=0.033). Early MRD eradication in cardiac AL amyloidosis generated deeper and faster cardiac organ response.
Evaluation of mAb 2C5-modified dendrimer-based micelles for the co-delivery of siRNA and chemotherapeutic drug in xenograft mice model
Authors: Yalamarty Satya Siva Kishan , Filipczak Nina , Pathrikar Tanvi , Cotter Colin , Ataide Janaína Artem , Paranjape Swarali , Torchilin Vladimir
Published: December 2023

A combination therapy with small interfering RNA (siRNA) and chemotherapeutic drug is proven to be effective in downregulating the cancer resistance proteins, such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp). These proteins are involved in multidrug resistance (MDR) of tumors. MDR lowers the efficacy of chemotherapy and even renders it ineffective. A possible strategy to counteract the resistance is by downregulating the resistance proteins using siRNA. A targeted formulation capable of delivering siRNA and chemotherapeutic drug will not only downregulate P-gp but also increase the concentration of the chemotherapeutic drug at the site of tumor thereby increasing the therapeutic effect and lowering the systemic exposure. In this study, monoclonal antibody 2C5-modified dendrimer-based micelles were used to co-deliver siRNA and doxorubicin (DOX) to the tumor site in both male and female xenograft mice model. The nucleosome-specific 2C5 antibody recognizes the cancer cells via the cell-surface bound nucleosomes. The ability of the 2C5-modified formulation in affecting the metastasis of highly aggressive triple negative breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) was assessed via wound healing assay where the 2C5-modified formulation halved the rate at which the cells were migrating. Further, the therapeutic efficacy of the formulation was assessed by measuring the tumor volume progression where the 2C5-modified nanoparticle group had a similar tumor volume to the free drug group at the end of the study, although a 50% increase in DOX concentrations in blood was observed after the last dose of nanoparticle. Despite a higher DOX concentration and residence time we did not observe any systemic toxicities in the nanoparticle groups. The free drug group on the other hand showed body weight reduction as well as the visible irritation around the injection spot. The treatment group with 2C5-modified micelles has shown to be safe at the current dose of DOX and siRNA.The ability of 2C5 antibody-functionalized nanoparticles in delivering cargo to the tumor site in vivo was evaluated for DOX using ex vivo imaging and siRNA by western blot study to evaluate the levels of P-gp. Furthermore, the siRNA mediated P-gp downregualtion was studied using western blotting assay. We observed a 29% reduction of P-gp levels in both males and females with respect to the control (BHG). We also conclude that the dose of DOX and siRNA should be further optimized to have a better efficacy in a metastatic tumor model, which will be the subject of our future studies.
Updating Swedish hunting harvest estimates of open season game based on new methods and documented data
Authors: Lindström Tom , Jonsson Paula , Skorsdal Felicia , Bergqvist Göran
Published: December 2023

Reliable hunting bag statistics are central for informed wildlife management. In the absence of complete reporting, hunting harvest must be estimated based on partial data, which requires reliable data and appropriate statistical methods. In the Swedish system, hunting teams, whose positions are known to the level of Hunting Management Precincts (HMPs), report their harvest of open season game and the size of the land on which they hunt, and the harvest on the non-reported area is estimated based on the reports. In this study, we improved data quality by solving several identified issues in the spatial data and provided temporally consistent estimates of huntable land (EHL) based on documented assumptions. We applied a recently developed method, the Bayesian Hierarchical and Autoregressive Estimation of Hunting Harvest (BaHAREHH), to harvest reports of 34 species from 2003--2021, using both previous and updated EHL, and compared harvest estimates to previously available estimates using naïve linear extrapolation (LE), which has been used as Sweden’s official harvest statistics. We found that updating EHL had a minor effect on harvest estimates at the national level but sometimes had a large impact at the level of individual HMPs. At the national level, previous LE estimates were similar to updated BaHAREHH estimates for species harvested at large numbers, but discrepancies were observed for species harvested at low rates. Time series of harvest estimated with LE had exaggerated temporal trends, higher coefficient of variation, and lower autcorrelation. At the level of counties and HMPs, there were substantial differences for all species, with some harvest estimates differing by several orders of magnitude. We conclude that the previously available LE estimates are sensitive to individual reports that add variability to the estimates and are, for some species, unreliable, especially at the level of county and HMP.
Improving CE-QUAL-W2 calibration using a terrain-based wind sheltering coefficient tuning method
Authors: Shahi Zahra , Sharifi Mohammad Reza , Zakermoshfegh Mohammad
Published: December 2023

Effective studies have been conducted in the field of reservoir hydrodynamics and water quality simulation, including thermal stratification, selective withdrawal, and eutrophication modeling. In this model, the wind sheltering coefficient (WSC) plays a significant role in the calculations of the wind-induced shear stress and subsequently the reservoir thermal gradient. Due to the spatial variations of the wind across the water surface, the lack of a criterion for assigning values to the WSC, hinders the accurate tuning of its values during the calibration process. The trial and error method, which is time-consuming, is used to determine WSC. Therefore, in this study, the wind shelter index (Sx) was introduced to the CE-QUAL-W2 model as a criterion to achieve the spatial distribution of the wind shelter condition of the points on the water surface. A more accurate and faster calibration method was devised using Sx to determine WSC and estimate the thermal gradient in different parts of water bodies. For this purpose, the Dez Dam reservoir in Iran was divided into different segments, and the average Sx in each segment was calculated through a 30 × 30 m grid located on the lake's surface, and replaced the WSC values. The results showed that by using Sx in the temperature calibration of the CE-QUAL-W2 model, there was no need for trial and error in finding the best value for WSC and the RMSE was reduced from the 0.35–0.44 range to the 0.20–0.25 range.
Comparing Sleep Behaviors of Young Adults with and without Exercise Addiction: A Prospective Case- Control Study
Authors: Caglar Songul , Karaman Semih
Published: December 2023

Purpose: This study aims to compare the sleep behaviors of young adults with and without exercise addiction.
Setting:
Participants: Volunteers aged 18 to 30 years. The case group consisted of young adults who had exercise addiction (n=280), and the control group consisted of young adults who had no exercise addiction (n=454).
Methods: Exercise Addiction (normal, low-risk, risk, addicted, highly addicted), Sleep Hygiene (good, poor). Data collection was conducted via Google Forms and in-person from September 12th, 2022, to February 28th, 2023. Participants were screened with the exercise addiction scale and were divided into case and control groups according to the feedback results. Participants were reached through remote online participation in community-based sampling. It was designed as a web-based prospective case-control study.
Result: The mean age of the participants was 21.15±2.8. It has been determined that the rate of men was 61.5%, and 51.4% of the participants were engaged in team-based or individual exercise. There was no statistically significant difference between gender and the total EAS and SHI scores (p>.05). The EAS and SHI total scores of the participants having and not having sports branches showed a statistically significant difference (p<.05). The mean of the total EAS score of the participants who had sport branches (53.35±12.2) was statistically higher than the score of the participants who hadn't (39.50±12.8).
Conclusion: There was a statistically difference positive but low-level relationship between sleep hygiene and exercise addictions in the case group.
Decision tree model to predict ovarian tumor malignancy based on clinical markers and preoperative circulating blood cells
Authors: Li Yingjia , Ma Hongbing
Published: December 2023

Background: Ovarian cancer is a serious malignant tumor that threatens women's health. And about 70% of ovarian cancers are in advanced stages when discovered. Currently, early diagnosis of ovarian cancer remains inadequate and effective treatments are lacking. Therefore, this study aims to use the decision tree method of artificial intelligence machine learning to build a model for predicting the benign and malignant degree of ovarian cancer patients.
Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed 758 patients with ovarian cancer who were admitted to the gynecology department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi 'an Jiaotong University from January 2018 to December 2020. The patients were diagnosed by B-ultrasound, CT or MR. The clinicopathological features and circulating blood cell indexes were recorded and analyzed. It included age, BMI, course of disease, HE4, CA125, menopausal status, general information, ROMA index before and after menopause, tumor size and location, presence or absence of ascites, red blood cell related indexes, white blood cell related indexes and platelet related indexes. Finally, the prediction model of benign and malignant ovarian tumors was constructed by CART decision tree, and the subject working curve was drawn to evaluate the predictive value of the decision tree model.
Results: In this study, after statistical analysis, it was found that significant predictor variables include age, disease duration, patient general condition and menopausal status, ascites, tumor location and characteristics, HE4, CA125, ROMA index, and blood routine related indicators (except for tropism basal granulocyte percentage and absolute value). The multicollinearity between the independent variables was not obvious. In the constructed decision tree model, ROMA_after was the root node with the maximum information gain. This decision tree used indicators such as ROMA_after, CA125, PLT, Age, LY%, LY and HE4. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of this model for predicting benign and malignant ovarian cancer was 0.89.
Conclusion: The decision tree model was successfully constructed based on clinical indicators and preoperative circulating blood cells. Our decision tree model showed better results in predicting benign and malignant ovarian cancer than imaging indicators and biomarkers alone. This means that our model can more accurately predict benign and malignant ovarian cancer.
Post-natal Steroid Exposure in Very Low Birthweight Neonates and Associations with Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Coleman Cassandra , King Jeffrey , Selewski David , Newman Jill , Steflik Heidi
Published: December 2023

Objective:
The relationship between adrenal insufficiency (AI), post-natal steroids (PNS) and neonatal acute kidney injury (AKI) remains understudied. We aimed to investigate associations between PNS and AKI in very low birthweight (VLBW) neonates, hypothesizing PNS is independently associated with reduced AKI.
Study Design:
We conducted a single-center retrospective review of VLBW infants. Comparisons were made between those with and without PNS exposure. Associations between PNS exposure and AKI were evaluated using generalized linear mixed-modeling adjusted for confounders.
Result:
Of 567 neonates, 97 (17.1%) were exposed to PNS and 130 (22.9%) experienced AKI. Infants with PNS had lower gestational age, birthweight, Apgar scores, and experienced more AI versus those without PNS (all p <0.05). PNS was independently associated with AKI (aRR 1.72, 95% CI 1.09 – 2.72).
Conclusion:
PNS exposure is independently associated with increased AKI in VLBW neonates. Further analysis is needed to investigate the role of AI and AKI.
WSN Cluster Routing Method Based on Improved Whale Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Sun Shuming , Ma Qiaoqiao , Jiang Xian , Dong Ligang
Published: December 2023

To address the energy consumption issue in the cluster routing protocol of the wireless sensor network (WSN), a Whale Optimization Algorithm based on Nonlinear factors and Chaotic mapping (NC-WOA) is designed. This improves the quality of the initial population, enhancing the algorithm's capacity for global exploration and escaping local optima. Furthermore, an Efficient Distributed and Energy-Saving Clustering Routing Algorithm (EDESC) is designed based on the NC-WOA algorithm. Factors of node energy, node distance, and node density are incorporated into the threshold function, applying NC-WOA in the cluster head selection stage. Simulation results demonstrate that the performance of the NC-WOA surpasses that of other algorithms. In terms of the number of rounds for the half of the nodes to die, compared to the Distributed High-Efficiency Entropy Energy-Saving Cluster Routing Algorithm (DHEEC) and the Distributed Energy-Efficient Clustering with Firefly Algorithm (DEEC-FA), EDESC showed an improvement of 27.45% and 47.81%, respectively. The energy utilization ratio is enhanced by 16.63% compared to DHEEC and by 83.32% compared to DEEC-FA.
Microstructures, Oxidation, and Mechanical Properties of an FCC HEA
Authors: Alvarado Gina Zavala , Varma Shailendra
Published: December 2023

Microstructures, oxidation, and mechanical properties of an FCC Al-Cu-Ni-Mn-Ag HEA have been investigated in this study. Three different microconstituents have been observed at room temperature. They consist of phases rich in (a) Ni, (b) Cu, and (c) Ag. Excellent oxidation resistance has been observed in a temperature range from 600 to 1000oC for 24 hours in air. Microconstituents rich in Cu and Ni provide favorable oxidation resistance while Al and Mn appear to be detrimental to the oxidation characteristics of this alloy. Microhardness has been determined for each microconstituent. Microconstituent rich in Ag has the highest hardness (429 HV) while Cu rich shows the lowest hardness of 392 HV. Comparatively, Ni and Ag rich microconstituents show the highest (447 HV) and lowest (112 HV) values, respectively, after oxidation at 1000oC for 24 hours in air. Grain sizes after oxidation have been observed to be controlled by the richness of the microconstituents. However, a reasonably good fit can be observed in a Hall-Petch plot using hardnesses and grain sizes observed of this study.