bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the inhibitory effect of two local plants on the emergence of four weeds and identification of their secondary metabolites: Case of Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) R.Br.ex G.Don. and Tephrosia purpurea (L.) Pers.
Authors: Sourabié Soumaïla , Sanou Yacouba , Zerbo Patrice
Published: January 2023

In Burkina Faso, Senna occidentalis, Ipomoea eriocarpa, Pupalia lappacea and Triumfetta cordifolia are frequent weeds in the maize crop. This work evaluated the inhibitory effect of Parkia biglobosa pods and Tephrosia purpurea leaves and identifies their chemical compounds. Biological and chemical approaches were used to identify the weeds. The inhibitory effect of powders was evaluated on weed germination and growth.  Experimental results showed that powders reduced both germination (p<0.001) and growth (p<0.016). Parkia biglobosa pods were rich in total flavonoids (544.2±1.4 µg mg-1) and condensed tannins (182.3±1.5 µg mg-1) than Tephrosia purpurea leaves which contained small amounts of total flavonoids (6.7±1.7 µg mg-1) and condensed tannins (5.7±1.2 µg mg-1). Parkia biglobosa pods could be used in the biological control of weeds.
Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 12(2): 74-81, December 2022
Evaluation of efficacy of fungicides against ginger leaf spot (Phyllosticta zingiberi) disease epidemics at Tepi Southwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Jibat Merga , Getu Abukiya
Published: January 2023

The most devastating disease that affects ginger production and productivity in Southwestern Ethiopia and lowers qualitative and quantitative rhizome yields is ginger leaf spot, which is caused by the pathogen Phyllosticta zingiberi. In Tepi, Southwestern Ethiopia, during the main cropping seasons of 2020 and 2021, a field experiment was carried out to assess the efficacy of several fungicides in managing epidemics of ginger leaf spot disease. The fungicides evaluated were Ridomil Gold MZ 68 WG (Metalaxyl-M), Ethiozeb 80% WP (Mancozeb), Shega 50 WP (Copper oxychloride), and Matico (Metalaxyl 8% + Mancozeb 64% WP). While the plot without spray is used as control. The results of the experiment indicated that among the different fungicides tested four times spray of Matico (Metalaxyl 8% + Mancozeb 64% WP) starting from the appearance of the disease on the field within 15 days intervals produced the lowest leaf spot disease severity of 10.2% followed by foliar spray with Mancozeb (Ethiozeb 80% WP) 16.2% first at disease appearance and then 3 times at 15 days intervals. Similarly, the highest yield of 16.3 t ha-1 was also obtained by foliar from the plot foliar spray of Matico (Metalaxyl 8% + Mancozeb 64% WP) which is followed by spraying with Mancozeb (Ethiozeb 80% WP) with a yield of 12.56 t ha-1. Therefore four times foliar spray of Matico @ 2.5 kg ha-1 is highly effective against leaf spot disease of ginger in southwestern Ethiopia.
Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 12(2): 134-137, December 2022
Manuela: El brillo de la libertad
Authors:   Universidad del Azuay, Vanegas-Peña Santiago , Peña-Abril Camila ,   Universidad del Azuay, Alvarracín-Espinoza Cristian ,   Universidad del Azuay
Published: January 2023

¡Abajo el tirano, abajo la terquedad! ¡A luchar, libertad queremos! ¡Viva Cuenca libre, libre de verdad! Este cuento ilustrado fue pensado e imaginado por un grupo de grandes creativos, escrito de una manera hermosa por Camila Peña, e ilustrado y diseñado a la par por Cristian Alvarracín, ideas- texto-bocetos, sueños-formas-colores, e historia-ciudad-futuro fueron organizándose, escribiéndose, diseñándose, realizándose en simultáneo. Ahí su magia y su fortaleza. Esta fantástica interpretación, es para los niños y niñas de hoy y del mañana, que cuidarán esta libertad, que es una maravillosa obra de arte inacabada, que nos exige volver a ella día tras día. Hoy, hace doscientos años, hombres y mujeres históricos hicieron cosas que merecen escribirse, hoy nosotros escribimos cosas que merecen volver a hacerse. 308 páginas ISBN: 978-9942-822-76-5 eISBN: 978-9942-822-77-2 ISBN Audiolibro: 978-9942-822-78-29
Los Vestigios de la lengua puruhá
Authors:   Universidad del Azuay, Encalada-Vásquez Oswaldo
Published: January 2023

En el año de 1927 Jacinto Jijón y Caamaño publicó Puruhá, contribución al conocimiento de los aborígenes de la provincia del Chimborazo de la República del Ecuador, en dos volúmenes. Este libro, a pesar del tiempo transcurrido, sigue siendo un trabajo fundamental para el conocimiento de la etnia puruhá, como lo reconoce un autor contemporáneo: Gracias a Jacinto Jijón y Caamaño, la cultura puruhá es una de las mejor estudiadas del Ecuador preincaico. (Ortiz, 20115: 10). Jijón desplegó su intensa y fecunda investigación en dos áreas que, aparentemente, podrían parecer muy distantes: la arqueología y la lingüística. El resultado fue un estudio esclarecedor y profundo. Gracias al método comparativo pudo establecer que la lengua puruhá estaba emparentada con la cañari, en términos de cercanía geográfica; y con el mochica, hablado en el norte peruano. De modo que Jijón y Caamaño fue el verdadero iniciador de la arqueología lingüística en nuestra patria, el primero en interesarse, de manera orgánica y sistemática en las lenguas aborígenes del país, labor que sería recogida años más tarde en su monumental y hasta ahora no superado El Ecuador interandino y occidental, obra que se publicó en 4 tomos. 140 páginas ISBN: 978-9942-847-55-3 e-ISBN: 978-9942-847-01-0
Academia Ecuatoriana de la Lengua Memorias No 79 Tomo I
Authors: de la lengua Academia Ecuatoriana
Published: January 2023

La Academia ha cumplido durante 2019 un programa que abarcó amplio espectro de temas, desde los de reflexión, difusión e investigación en el campo de la lingüística y la lexicografía, los de índole literaria e incluso docente, como el caso de los cursos de latín dictados en el seno de la institución, hasta gestiones incansables para conseguir, primero, que no disminuya nuestra subvención anual y, luego, que se nos pague a tiempo, así como para que la cuota simbólica que el Estado ecuatoriano entregaba a la ASALE (mil por año) se cumpla con la decencia indispensable. Me referiré después brevemente a este detalle. 448 páginas ISBN 978-9942-822-84-0 e-ISBN 978-9942-822-88-8
Crystallographic, DFT, Lattice Energy and Hirshfeld Surface Analysis of Some CSD-Based 6-Chloropurines
Authors: Stondus Jigmat , Kant Rajni
Published: January 2023

A comparative crystallographic and detailed computational analysis of four known 6-chloropurine X-ray structures, accessed from the CSD repository, has been reported in this paper. The quantum chemical analysis of each structure, including the optimized geometry, lattice energy, Hirshfeld surface, HOMO-LUMO energies, has been made to account for the properties of this class of biologically important organic materials. The lattice energy contribution in terms of intermolecular interactions, responsible for the packing stability, has been estimated by PIXEL procedure. Three-dimensional Hirshfeld surfaces and the corresponding 2D-fingerprint plots include the analysis of short intermolecular contacts. The π…π interactions and stacking features of molecules in the packing, have been analyzed using shape index and curvedness plots.
Pharmaceutical Advancements in the Oral Administration of Biologics
Authors: Lindsey Barrett , Sneed Kevin , Pathak Yashwant
Published: January 2023

Patients tend to prefer the oral administration of medication, as it is typically the easiest and most convenient [1]. It is typically the most advantageous route for physicians due to its many benefits including non-invasiveness, patient compliance, and convenience of drug administration [2]. Despite this, the oral administration of biologics has yet to be proven effective due to the physiological barriers of the gastrointestinal tract. The gastrointestinal tract presents multiple barriers that limit the systemic absorption of complex macromolecules after ingestion. Various factors govern oral drug absorption including drug solubility, mucosal permeability, and stability in the gastrointestinal tract environment. Biologics are highly sensitive to the harsh environment of the GI tract. In addition to this issue, the relatively large molecular size of biologics causes the permeability across the intestinal mucosa to become extremely poor. Research in the field of drug discovery and design has proliferated the ways in which we administer medications in a clinical setting and the growth of biologics in recent decades has further accelerated research activity. Different pharmaceutical technologies and drug delivery systems including nano carriers, micelles, cyclodextrins, and lipid-based carriers have been explored to enhance oral drug absorption. This article will serve to address the main physiological barriers to oral delivery of biologics and discuss different research strategies to improve the effectiveness of oral delivery. Additionally, this discussion will highlight the advantages and limitations of oral drug delivery systems as well as the overall viability and potential of this future clinical field.
Evaluation of Hepatitis B viral Serological Patterns and HBV DNA levels in Hepatitis B subjects at Nauth Nnewi, Southeastern Nigeria
Authors: F Obiomah Chinwe , I Amilo Grace , O Ifeanyichukwu Martin , C Chukwuanukwu Rebecca , O Kalu Stephen , N Ndulue Israel , O Akaeze Gloria
Published: January 2023

Nigeria is one of the countries with the highest incidence of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection worldwide. The inaccessibility and unaffordability of HBV DNA quantification (viral load) assay which is the key laboratory test for therapy initiation, and monitoring is a challenge to HBV management. This study aimed at evaluating the HBV DNA viral load differences across the serological markers of HBV in order to develop a more cost-effective diagnostic algorithm for Hepatitis B management. Cross sectional study design was used with a total of 264 subjects comprising of 88 HBsAg seropositive treatment naïve subjects, 88 HBsAg seropositive subjects on antiviral therapy as case subjects and 88 age-matched apparently healthy HBsAg seronegative individuals were recruited as control subjects. Hepatitis B Virus DNA assay was performed using real time PCR technique, Hepatitis B core Antibody Immunoglobulin M and Hepatitis D Virus Immunoglobulin G assay. Immunochromatography was used for HBV Panel, Hepatitis C Virus assay and Human Immunodeficiency Virus testing. The non-treatment group has higher viral load (M=805.50 IU/ml) compared with treatment group (M = 65.50 IU/ml) (p<0.001). There was a significant difference in the HBV DNA levels of the four serological patterns observed in the study (P< 0.001). Among the four serological patterns observed, the second pattern with positive surface antibody, positive envelope antigen and negative envelope antibody showed highest viral load (M= 46850189.50 IU/ml) followed by the third pattern with negative surface antibody, negative envelope antigen, and negative envelope antibody (M=46555 IU/ml). The first pattern which has negative surface antibody, negative envelope antigen and positive envelope antibody has the lowest viral load (M=21.00 IU/ml) followed by the fourth pattern with positive surface antibody, negative envelope antigen and positive envelope antibody (M=493.00 IU/ml). This study showed that HBV serological markers can predict viral load and should be used as its alternative in resource poor settings.
Evaluating Hand Hygiene Practices at the New-born Unit of Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Eldoret, Kenya
Authors: Irene Koech , Amubuomombe Poli Philippe , Wilson Aruasa , Richard Mogeni , Milimo Benson , Barbuch Eunice , Mukami Martina , Esamai Fabian
Published: January 2023

New-borns, especially preterm new-borns are at risk of developing bloodstream infections shortly after birth or later. This study aimed to evaluate the infection prevention & control measures through hand hygiene practices and determine the procedures associated with risk of infection to small and sick new-borns at the Newborn Unit of Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital. This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study carried out at the neonatal unit of the largest tertiary hospital of western Kenya. It included quantitative data collection using a standardized checklist for each of the procedures observed during day and night shifts for a period of 6 weeks, which represented a sample unit. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20.0. Categorical data were described using frequency and percentage. The values less than 0.05 was judged statistically significant. Out of the 553 observed contacts, the nurses did 52.4%. The intravenous cannula insertion was the most frequent procedure (11.2%), followed by newborn examination (10.7%) and medication administration (10.5%). About 69% of the procedures were classified as low risk procedures whereas high-risk procedures accounted for 31%. Most of the procedures were performed during daytime shifts. Poor hand hygiene procedures were statistically associated with risk of infection to small and sick new-borns. This risk were 2 times increased when the procedures were carried out by nurses (pv=<0.001, 95% confidence interval =1-2.9); and 6 times higher when the procedures were carried out by registrars (pv=0.008; 95% confidence interval =1.6-23). Newborn examination was statistically associated with reduced risk of infection, even after reduction of confounders (pv=0.001, odd ratio=0.0, 95% confidence interval=0.0). Hand hygiene compliance was scored at 42% and rated as poor compared to the standard (<75%) for all the service providers. However, newborn examination was the most independent risk factor. This study highlights the importance of hand hygiene compliance to prevent hospital-associated infections among small and sick newborns.
Influence of Pulmonary Hypertension on Surgical PDA Ligation Outcomes in Preterm Neonates
Authors: Raskin Alexander , Kirkpatrick Edward , Lagatta Joanne M , Kuhn Evelyn M , Handler Stephanie S
Published: January 2023

Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) increases mortality in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). As practice has shifted towards expectant management of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), there is limited data guiding treatment with PH. Methods: Retrospective single center cohort study of neonates <32 weeks gestation who underwent surgical PDA ligation before discharge. Ductal gradients by echocardiogram defined PH severity: severe PH as bidirectional/ right to left shunting, mild-to-moderate PH as greater than half-systemic pressure, no PH as less than half-systemic pressure. Primary outcome was mortality. Secondary outcomes were length of stay (LOS), duration of ventilation, post-operative inotropes, steroids, systemic pulmonary vasodilators, and incidence of BPD. Results: Eighty patients, median gestational age 25 (23-31) weeks, underwent surgical PDA ligation between 2010-2016. Ten had severe PH, 54 mild-to-moderate PH, and 16 no PH. Severe PH group had significantly longer LOS, 173 vs. 143 days (p=.05). PH cohort had higher surgical weight, 1.71 kg vs. 1.06 kg (p=0.04). All deaths occurred in the PH group (6% vs. 0%), p=NS. No significant difference in ventilation, inotropes, steroids, pulmonary vasodilators, and BPD. Although, statistically insignificant, the PH group had higher rates of tracheostomies (18.8% vs. 6.25%). Conclusion: Premature infants requiring PDA ligation with severe PH had longer overall LOS. All mortality occurred in the PH group. More data is needed to determine effect of PDA on lung disease and the development of PH.
Hospital Outcome of Preterm Babies at the Regional Hospital Limbe: A 4-Year Retrospective Study
Authors: F Yolande Djike Puepi , Monono Naiza , Eposse Charlotte , Ode Bela , Wandji Yanelle , Wele Wilfried Ganni , Mungyeh Evelyn Mah
Published: January 2023

Background: Globally, preterm birth and its complications have become major public health problems as it is a major determinant of neonatal morbidity and mortality with long-term adverse health consequences. It is the leading cause of neonatal and under-5 mortality globally. In Cameroon, especially in the South West Region, there is a paucity of data as concerns preterm birth and its related morbidities and outcome. Objectives: Our objective was to determine the prevalence and hospital outcome of preterm babies at the Regional Hospital Limbe. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study with a retrospective review of files of preterm babies admitted in the neonatology unit from the 1st January 2017 to 31st December 2020. A structured data collection sheet was used to collect information from the files. Information obtained included independent variables (gestational age at birth, gender, birth weight, hospital complications during admission, treatment received and duration of admission) and dependent variables (dead or discharge). Relationship between dependent and independent variables was tested using Pearson Chi-square. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify factors and independent associations. Result: Preterm admissions constituted 16.5% of the total admissions with a male to female ratio of 1:1.2. The common morbidities were respiratory distress 132(49.1%), hypothermia 72(26.8%), anaemia 70(26.0%), infection 65(24.2%) and jaundice 63(23.4%). The mortality rate was 31.8%. Preterm babies who had congenital malformation (AOR: 25.39;95%CI:1.80-356.38), apnoea (AOR:6.36;95%CI:1.49-27.09), respiratory distress (AOR:6.15;2.75-13.77) and anaemia (AOR:2.19;95%CI:1.07-4.50) were more likely to die compared to those who did not have these morbidities. Also, male preterm babies (AOR:2.72;95%CI:1.35-5.48) were more likely to die than their female counterparts. Conclusion: Preterm babies constituted a significant percentage of neonatal admissions at the Regional Hospital Limbe with the most frequent complications being respiratory distress, hypothermia, anaemia, infection and jaundice. The mortality rate was high, with more preterm babies dying from congenital malformation, apnoea, respiratory distress, and anaemia were strongly associated with mortality.
Sunscreens Percutaneous Absorption and Ingredients Concentration in Human Plasma and Urine: A Systematic Review.
Authors: Seirafianpour Farnoosh , Azad Navid Sadeghi , Naeimifar Atefeh , Dodangeh Milad , koltapeh Masoud Pourghahramani , Safari Sepideh , Maibach Howard , Alenabi Seyed Sajad , Panahi Parsa , Mehravi Bita , Nafisi Shohreh
Published: January 2023

Sunscreen application is widespread and incorporated into daily life. Although FDA has approved 16 sunscreen ingredients, recent studies suggest a revaluation of their potential adverse effects. This systematic review assesses sunscreens’ percutaneous absorption, toxicity, and their ingredients concentration in urine and plasma. The search was conducted in Medline (PubMed), Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane until 05/08/2021. Data from 21 studies with related inclusion criteria were extracted. 18 studies reported sunscreen complications such as rash, irritation, immune system disorders, stratum corneum DNA damage, and hormonal disruption, 4 articles reported maximum concentration of sunscreen ingredients in plasma, and 4 articles reported urinary concentration of ingredients. In 2016, the FDA suggested a plasma concern level of 0.5 ng/mL for sunscreen ingredients. Sunscreen ingredients including avobenzone, octocrylene, ecamsule, homosalate, octisalate, enzacamene, octinoxate, and oxybenzone were detected more than 0.5 ng/mL after in blood 1-4 daily applications. Sunscreen application reduces the risk of sunlight harmful effects but could have advers effects related to their percutaneous penetration. Taken together, related data provide the impetus for detailed analysis of sunscreen toxicology. Also, highly adsorbed ingredients should be replaced with less adsorbed compounds to minimize body accumulation and the associated risks. Also, life time infant and children sunscreen exposure provide furthur impetus for in-depth toxicologic investigations
Mannitol Cream for Itchy Psoriasis, a Case Report
Authors: Bertrand Helene
Published: January 2023

78-year-old woman with severely itchy psoriasis, bald from scratching her scalp and pulling out her hair found relief from the itch within five minutes of applying a 30% mannitol cream. After using the cream twice daily for 5 weeks, her scalp psoriasis had subsided and her hair had regrown. The effect of this cream on her lower back psoriasis is documented with photographs. The psoriasis recurred when the cream was no longer available.
Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia Associated with Preeclampsia
Authors: Hernández Rosa María Torres , Jiménez Beatriz González , Honorato Rodríguez Rocío del Carmen , Ojeda Humberto Hernández , Balderas Nayali López , Honorato Vianey Cobaxin
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Preeclampsia is the most common hypertensive disease of pregnancy which can be developed during the second half of pregnancy. Among its symptoms, there might be high blood pressure, edema, headache, visual symptoms to name a few. Whereas in laboratory studies it is usually found as data of pre-eclampsia; microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, platelet deficiency and urine protein. Objective: To determine the association of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia with preeclampsia. Material and Methods: Longitudinal, prospective and observational study in patients through laboratory tests such as blood biometry, blood smear and general urine test, and blood pressure measurement, as well as the review of clinical files in order to get the patients’ symptomatology. Results: Among the results, it was found that 63% of the pregnant participants with pre- eclampsia suffered from microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, 54% of them were primiparous and 46% were multiparous. Edema, headache, abdominal pain, transvaginal bleeding and visual issues were the most common symptoms, resulting either in termination of pregnancy or continuity of it with the corresponding hypertensive control. Conclusions: The association between microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and preeclampsia as a complication of pregnancy.
Community Survey, Knowledge and Attitude of Bangladeshi People during the Time of Omicron Variant Emergence
Authors: Jesmin Subrina , Maqbool Adil , Rahman Arifur , Sohael Farzana , Matsuishi Yujiro , Shima Takeru , Shimojo Nobutake , Kawano Satoru , Yamaguchi Naoto , Moroi Masao
Published: January 2023

Background: Several SARS-CoV-2 variants have been discovered in different parts of the world since the COVID-19 epidemic began. The most recent COVID-19 variant to be discovered is the Omicron strain. When we have a thorough understanding of the epidemic, we will be able to respond appropriately. The primary purpose of this research is to assess the level of Omicron variant awareness and understanding among the Bangladeshi people. Methods: In the midst of the appearance of the Omicron variation, a cross-sectional analysis was performed. The survey was conducted from January 3, 2021, to February 5, 2022. Statistical data from the descriptive analysis were displayed as numbers (N), percentages (%), and averages and variances (Mean, Standard Deviation) (m SD). To examine the correlation between the dependent and independent categories, we utilized the Chi-square test (x2 ) in SPSS. Results: On average, the 200 respondents were 33.8 ± 12.1 years old. In a survey, more than 55 percent of respondents had a favorable impression of the new COVID-19 variation. However, males and those with lower levels of education felt there were not any measures in place to halt the spread of Omicron, and they lacked information about the disease's symptoms and transmission. The results of our survey indicate that individuals have some knowledge about the new Omicron strain (B.1.1.529). Conclusion: Awareness campaigns and strategic preparation can help improve the dismal response on knowledge and preventative actions shown in the current study. While much progress has been made in our understanding of this virus, there is still a significant knowledge gap (B.1.1.529).
Surface Modification of Plasticized PLA by N2 Plasma to Improve the Barrier Properties
Authors: Tadala Lavanya , Schuster Jens , Wittwer Wolfgang
Published: January 2023

Polylactic acid (PLA) is a kind of biopolymer made from non-conventional resources. It is biodegradable and has high mechanical properties. However, its use as the packaging material in the food-packaging sector is limited due to its brittleness and porosity. Therefore, to reduce the brittleness and improve the barrier properties, the compression-molded PLA/ESO films were surface treated with N2 plasma. Water vapour permeability, migration and differential scanning calorimetry tests have been carried out to assess the surface barrier performance and thermal properties of the manufactured films. The surface-treated PLA/ESO showed better barrier properties than pure PLA and PLA/ESO. The water vapor transfer rate of surface-treated PLA/ESO was 3.35 % lower than the PLA/ESO. The improvement in barrier properties, as well as the reduction in glass transition temperature, could increase the potential of the material for packaging.
Comparison of Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization Techniques in Intelligent Parking System
Authors: Adeyiga Johnson A , Sotonwa Kehinde A , Adenibuyan Micheal T
Published: January 2023

The search for parking space is a time consuming process which not only affects the economic activities efficiency but also the social interaction and cost. Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) were simulated to allocate parking space for vehicles by sending request by request handler to route generator to allocate optimal route from source to destination using Matric Laboratory (MATLAB) Software in an intelligent parking system. This was measured by some parameters such as time taken, cost and user satisfaction. Unlike GA that required some genetic operations which made it unable to handle complexity that increase search space; PSO required small number of parameters and correspondingly lower iteration which made it best alternative. Also, PSO always choose a parking space that can be reached with deadline and within the budget imposed by user, traffic and free slots which made it to achieve high user satisfaction, saves time and cost effective.
Prevalence and Determinants of Diarrhoea Disease amongst Under-Five Children Attending Immunization Clinic in a Secondary Health Facility in Benin City
Authors: Irelosen AKHIMIENHO Kingsley , Paul IKHURIONAN , Noel UWAIBI
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Diarrhoea is a major public health challenge in low and middle-income countries. It is the second leading cause of mortality in children under the age of five. It is also recognized that exposure to diarrhoea pathogens in developing countries is associated with such factors as quality and quantity of water, availability of toilet facilities, housing conditions, level of education, household economic status, place of residence, feeding practices, and the general sanitary conditions (personal or domestic hygiene) around the house. These factors are still prevalent in many Nigerian communities. This study therefore sought to determine the prevalence of diarrhoea and risk factors among under-five children seen at immunisation clinic of a secondary hospital in Nigeria. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study of 210 mothers attending well-baby clinic of a multi-specialist secondary health facility in Benin-City, South-South, Nigeria. Information relating to socio-demographics and occurrence of diarrhoea in their wards was obtained using ore-tested questionnaire. Data obtained were tabulated and analyzed using IBM SPSS version 21. Chi-square was used to determine the relationship between qualitative variables the statistical significance was set at P<0.05. Result: Prevalence of diarrhoea was 38.6% with a mean number of episodes per year of 2.14. Prevalence of dysentery was 4.3%. There was significant association between age, nutritional status, source of water and the occurrence of diarrhoea (P values of 0.04, 0.038 & 0.02 respectively). Conclusion: This study shows a high prevalence of diarrhoea amongst under-5 children in our environment.
Impactos da violência obstétrica no Brasil: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Silva Júlia Carla Oliveira , Brito Letícia Maria Cavalcanti , Alves Eloisa Simões , Medeiros Neto José Bandeira de , Santos Junior José Ledesvan Pereira dos , Marques Nielson Mendes , Lopes Thalisson Max de Oliveira , Alexandre José de Almeida , Santos Luciano Jose Ramos Pimentel
Published: January 2023

A violência obstétrica (VO) é considerada um problema de saúde pública mundial, podendo ser definida como qualquer prática contra a saúde sexual e reprodutiva da mulher, podendo também ser considerada uma apropriação do corpo feminino, caracterizado pelo tratamento desumanizado, em que suas principais caracterizações são: violência física, psicológica e sexual. A VO ainda é pouco percebida e respaldada pela lei, se comparada a outras formas de violência contra a mulher, sendo relevantes as discussões sobre o tema. Assim, o objetivo desse trabalho é discutir os efeitos da violência obstétrica, procurando dar visibilidade, sensibilizar e incentivar a prevenção dessa violência que faz parte da realidade brasileira. Para isso, o trabalho foi realizado por meio de uma pesquisa bibliográfica de caráter descritivo exploratório, caracterizada por uma revisão de referências já analisadas e publicadas. Foram utilizadas as bases de dados: Google Acadêmico, Scopus e Scielo, utilizando as palavras-chave: “violência obstétrica”, “Brasil”, “parto”, “gestação”, “parto humanizado”, “violação obstétrica” e suas combinações. A violência obstétrica representa um impasse para a realização da plenitude dos direitos das mulheres, pois é percebida como uma situação cada vez mais comum no cotidiano das mesmas, seja em situações de pré-natal, parto, pós-parto ou aborto. Pesquisas mais robustas, interdisciplinares e transnacionais são necessárias para ajudar os formuladores de políticas, provedores de assistência à maternidade, mulheres e famílias que acessam os serviços de maternidade a entender, definir e abordar melhor esse fenômeno.
O uso indiscriminado de psicoestimulantes para melhora do desempenho acadêmico por estudantes saudáveis
Authors: Rego Rebeca de Araújo Matos , Mendes Maria Eduarda Souza , Machado Yuri de Castro
Published: January 2023

O aumento do uso de psicoestimulantes por estudantes saudáveis tem gerado questionamentos acerca dos efeitos para o aumento da performance acadêmica. Com isso, o presente estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão integrativa sobre a efetividade dessas drogas no aumento da performance acadêmica em pessoas saudáveis. Direcionada com auxílio de descritores verificados no Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DECS) e no Medical Subject Headings (MESH) de acordo com cada base de dados. Para a produção do artigo, foram realizadas buscas nas seguintes bases de dados: Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Web of Science, National Library of Medicine - National Institutes of Health (PUBMED). Foram selecionados como critérios de inclusão: responder à pergunta-alvo e estar escrito em português ou inglês. Como resultado, foram obtidos 13 estudos. Após análise, observou-se um estudo que reuniu dados de pesquisa on-line para documentar o benefício acadêmico percebido do NPS e sua relação com tal prática (nonmedical use of prescription stimulants- uso de estimulantes sem prescrição médica), em que 28,6% dos usuários concordaram que o NPS poderia melhorar o desempenho acadêmico, e outros 38,0% não tinham certeza. Notou-se também que padrões de consumo de bebida e cannabis estavam mais associados ao NPS. Além disso, associou-se o uso do metilfenidato à melhora da memória de longo prazo, contudo, os resultados mostraram-se conflitantes. Assim, faz-se necessário o seguimento de novas pesquisas, visando intensificar a disseminação de informações acerca dos riscos da automedicação e promover ações com enfoque na saúde mental dos acadêmicos.
Propostas de melhorias na biossegurança dos laboratórios dos cursos da saúde em Universidade Federal
Authors: Freire Junior Joanilson Andrade , Carneiro Zuleika Santiago de Medeiros , Carvalho Junior Gilberto Francisco , Novaes Ana Caroline Gonçalves de Sá , Mendonça Erminiana Damiani de
Published: January 2023

A biossegurança compreende um conjunto de ações destinadas a prevenir, controlar, mitigar ou eliminar riscos inerentes às atividades que possam interferir ou comprometer a qualidade de vida, a saúde humana e o meio ambiente. Diante do exposto, o estudo buscou revisar a biossegurança e elaborar propostas que contribuíssem para a padronização dos laboratórios dos cursos da saúde de uma universidade do Tocantins. O trabalho propôs uma pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva, por meio de um estudo de caso. Devido a essa característica constituiu do levantamento e análise de dados e documentos sobre a situação atual da biossegurança dos laboratórios. A metodologia também envolveu uma pesquisa bibliográfica referencial, no sentido de fornecer embasamento teórico ao estudo, bem como encontrar subsídios para contribuir com o aprimoramento do gerenciamento da biossegurança. A Universidade tem adotado diversas medidas com o objetivo de se adequar às normas de biossegurança, todavia o presente estudo evidencia que a instituição necessita de maior adequação. Foi possível inferir que os laboratórios de ensino e pesquisa da área da saúde em uma universidade do Tocantins necessitam de melhorias no que se refere à biossegurança. Tais mudanças devem ser adotadas não apenas no âmbito de estrutura física, mas também no que diz respeito à educação e informação direcionada aos usuários. Pôde-se perceber a necessidade de conscientização institucional e acadêmica, além de novos estudos com essa abordagem de modo a fomentar as melhorias nos ambientes laboratoriais.
Landasan Strategis Pengembangan Topeng Malangan dalam Bidang Desain
Authors: Armayuda Erik
Published: January 2023

Topeng Malangan merupakan salah satu warisan budaya kota Malang yang terancam punah. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan semakin berkurangnya jumlah padepokan yang menjaga keberadaan budaya topeng ini, dari yang dulunya ada 8 desa kini tinggal 4 desa saja yang masih bertahan. Salah satu penyebabnya adalah masalah produksi dan pemasaran produk Topeng Malangan di tengah pasar yang memiliki kebutuhan akan budaya yang telah jauh berbeda dari masanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa model bisnis pelaku budaya Topeng Malangan sehingga bisa menjadi acuan untuk mengambil langkah strategis yang relevan dengan tantangan zaman. Melalui metode deskprisi analitis yang didapat dari wawancara dan studi literasi, peneliti melakukan analisa SWOT yang bertujuan untuk mendapatkan strategi pengembangan produk Topeng Malangan sehingga bisa lebih adaptif dengan kebutuhan pasar saat ini. Beberapa penelitian yang terkait dengan keberadaan topeng malanganan telah dilakukan. Namun masih sedikit di antaranya yang berfokus pada strategi pengembangan produk budaya ini sebagai ujung tombak sebuah bisnis.
Studi Persepsi Hubungan Non-Conforming Fashion Behavior dengan Tingkat Kreativitas Terhadap Masyarakat di Kota Malang
Authors: PP Bintang Pramudya
Published: January 2023

Howard in his book entitled Human Visual Orientation explains that humans are visual creatures, humans also often associate certain visual things with certain meanings, for example when the sky is cloudy it will mean that soon it will rain, humans also connote colors to different personalities. This also applies to the use of certain clothing, where certain types of clothing are able to give rise to perceptions in the human mind, in this case focusing on the perception of the level of creativity of an individual when wearing certain attire. The following research is important to confirm the perception of the people in Malang about the clothes worn, in the collection can be done by random sampling, where 220 speakers were randomly selected to order the clothes that have been selected from the most creative to the least creative ones. From the results of the analysis, it can be processed into a diagram for later analysis. The results obtained show that the use of informal clothing (non-conforming behavior) gives the impression of being unprofessional in the community.
Perancangan Buku Pembelajaran Aksara Jawa untuk Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Remaja dan Pelestarian Budaya Jawa
Authors: Narulita Rosalia Nadya , Nirwana Aditya , PP Bintang Pramudya
Published: January 2023

Aksara Jawa sudah memudar penggunaannya. Pembelajaran aksara Jawa saat ini hanya digunakan sampai dengan Sekolah Dasar, selain itu referensi buku aksara Jawa sangat minim dan tidak banyak jumlahnya sehingga menyulitkan seseorang yang ingin belajar aksara Jawa. Maka dari itu dirancanglah buku pembelajaran aksara Jawa untuk meningkatkan minat belajar remaja sekaligus untuk melestarikan budaya Jawa. Perancangan ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yang menghasilkan data primer dan sekunder. Metode ini diawali dengan riset, analisis, sintesis, perancangan konsep isi, konsep visual, konsep tata desain, hingga desain final dan produksi. Setelah produksi akan didapatkan buku pembelajaran aksara Jawa bagi pemula. Buku ini memakai enam macam kertas, berukuran 148mm x 210 mmdan softcover. Media pendukung perancangan visual promosi adalah worksheet, typeface dan poster typeface, fabric sign, motion graphic dan media sosial. Buku ini telah diuji efektifitasnya secara kualitatif lewat angket, dan disimpulkan bahwa aspek visual mampu mengubah stigma belajar aksara Jawa yang membosankan menjadi menyenangkan.
Menggunjing Relief Candi Borobudur sebagai “Cikal Bakal” Komik Indonesia
Authors: Nirwana Aditya
Published: January 2023

Merujuk pada kajian sejarah Komik Indonesia, sebagian besar kritikus dan peneliti bersepakat bahwa komik pertama Indonesia adalah Put On karya Kho Wan Gie, yang terbit pada tahun 1930-an di harian Sin Po dalam bentuk medium komik strip yang bernuansa humor. Namun sebagian diantaranya menganggap relief candi Borobudur, wayang beber, dan wayang kulit sebagai “cikal bakal” komik Indonesia. Hal ini menjadi ganjil ketika menganggap Put On sebagai komik Indonesia pertama, sembari meyakini relief candi Borobudur merupakan cikal bakal bentuk komik sebagai medium. Keduanya, secara historis tidak memiliki hubungan logis, baik dari segi kelanjutan (continuities) maupun perubahan (changes). Klaim semacam itu juga disebabkan oleh kejumbuhan pengertian tradisional komik yang ahistoris. Kejumbuhan ini menyebabkan relief candi Borobudur terseret ke dalam kategori komik (atau setidaknya ‘mirip komik’), dan diklaim sebagai cikal bakal komik Indonesia. Esai ini mengekplorasi konteks sosio-historio-kultural untuk mendedahkan hal tersebut. Dari uraian argumen didapatkan beberapa kesimpulan bahwa : 1) Relief candi Borobudur tidak dapat dikatakan sebagai cikal bakal komik Indonesia, keduanya tidak memiliki kontinuitas dan juga ‘garis’ genealogi yang cukup jelas; 2) Komik Indonesia modern tidak mewarisi tradisi relief maupun wayang dari segi stilisasi, teknik, material, proyeksi aksonometri dan juga arah baca; 3) Bentuk, struktur, karakteristik, dan medium komik Indonesia di awal-awal masa kemunculannya, dikenal oleh komikus Indonesia melalui proses belajar kepada pelukis/seniman asing, atau pengenalan terhadap komik Eropa dan Amerika yang terlebih dahulu masuk dan beredar di Indonesia.
Tinjauan Histori pada Gaya Visual Iklan Cetak Coca-Cola
Authors: Prameswari Nadia Sigi
Published: January 2023

Zeitgeis (jiwa zaman) memberikan pengaruh yang besar terhadap karakteristik hasil karya seni baik berupa lukisan, patung, relief-relief, ilustrasi, tulisan hingga berkembang menjadi iklan. Iklan merupakan salah satu karya seni yang muncul pada abad-17. Pada tahun 1880-an, beberapa produsen atau perusahaan mengadaptasi teknik-teknik yang penampilan iklan pada poster. Berbagai produsen makanan, minuman, obat dan peralatan mandi mulai memperkenalkan produknya melalui iklan poster. Pada tahun 1886 berdirilah The Coca-Cola Company di Amerika. Tahun 1906, William D'Arcy bergabung sebagai Creative Team yang merencanakan konsep iklan Coke dan memiliki pandangan bahwa "iklan Coca-Cola harus membuat adegan yang menarik orang-orang dalam dan membuat mereka bagian dari selingan menyenangkan dari kehidupan sehari-hari". Kajian ini merupakan tinjauan historis pengaruh gaya pada zaman Antiquity, Mediaeval, Renaissance, dan Baroque terhadap perkembangan gaya visual iklan cetak (print ad) Coca-Cola. Zeitgeis memberikan transisi terhadap perkembangan gaya visual iklan cetak Coca-Cola di setiap periode zaman.
Perancangan Buku Pop Up Ilustrasi Bergambar sebagai Media Pengenalan Seni Pertunjukan di Jawa Timur untuk Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Stella Alfonsin Celly , Rahmadianto Sultan Arif , Nugroho Didit Prasetyo
Published: January 2023

Saat ini program pewarisan kebudayaan Indonesia di kalangan generasi muda semakin minim, oleh karena itu kesadaran masyarakat untuk melestarikan kebudayaan Indonesia menjadi hal yang penting terutama pengenalan kebudayaan untuk anak usia dini. Pengenalan kebudayaan yang diangkat pada perancangan ini adalah mengenai seni pertunjukan yang ada di Jawa Timur, antara lain: Jaranan Senterewe, Karapan Sapi, Ludruk, Reog Ponorogo, Tari Remo, Tari Gandrung Banyuwangi, Tari Topeng Malang, dan Tari Tayuban. Pengenalan kebudayaan untuk anak usia dini bisa melalui buku pop up. Selain pengenalan pertunjukan, perancangan ini memuat mengenai pengenalan abjad, ukuran benda (besar-kecil), dan banyaknya jumlah benda (banyak-sedikit). Buku pop up ini juga didukung dengan sistem QR code. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif. Data-data kualitatif yang diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi dan studi pustaka.
Produksi Film Pendek Edukasi Dengan Teknik P.O.V Menggunakan SnorriCam
Authors: Soputra Calvyn
Published: January 2023

Kecemasan adalah hal umum, tetapi reaksi yang cukup lama dan berlebihan dapat menyebabkan gangguan psikologi seperti gangguan cemas umum atau GAD. Penderita GAD dapat merasakan takut dan cemas terhadap hal yang tidak spesifik atau situasi tertentu. Menurut Departemen Kesehatan, gejala-gejala kecemasan berlebih dirasakan oleh usia 15 tahun ke atas, khususnya bagi mahasiswa. Untuk meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat dibuatlah sebuah film pendek dengan judul “In My Mind: Generalized Anxiety Disorder”. Dalam proses produksi memiliki 4 tahap yaitu, analisis data, pra-produksi, produksi, pasca-produksi. Dalam beberapa adegan memakai teknik P.O.V dengan menggunakan SnorriCam sebagai alat pengambilan gambar untuk menekankan emosi dari tokoh utama. Teknik P.O.V menggunakan SnorriCam dianggap berhasil menyampaikan emosi tokoh utama dengan lebih baik dan mudah dimengerti oleh penonton. Dalam produksi film ini terdapat 19 scene dengan durasi kurang lebih 15 menit. Film ini didukung dengan berbagai elemen pendukung film, diantaranya poster film, brosur, desain sampul DVD, gantungan kunci, mug, pin, tas jinjing, kaus, trailer film, dan x-banner.
Perancangan Brand dan Identity Es Kacang Merah Top Ternate (Es KTT) Malang
Authors: Putra Christanto
Published: January 2023

Brand merupakan suatu aspek penting bagi pelaku usaha. Brand dapat digunakan sebagai pembeda atau diferensiasi dan juga sebagai identitas bagi pelaku usaha agar usaha tersebut dapat dikenal oleh masyarakat. Salah satu usaha yang sedang berkembang di Kota Malang adalah Es KTT. Penulis melihat suatu permasalahan yang sedang dihadapi oleh Es KTT yaitu adalah Es KTT belum memiliki brand yang cukup kuat sehingga belum dapat dikenal dan berkembang dengan maksimal. Maka dibuatlah perancangan brand dan identity ini dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Data-data yang didapat dianalisa menggunakan analisa SWOT yang dikombinasikan dengan metode brand roadmap oleh Mike Moser. Dan kemudian dilanjutkan dengan strategi perancangan berupa cyclic strategi, sehingga pada akhirnya menghasilkan konsep visulisasi brand dan identity berupa logo dan penerapannya dalam berbagai media yang dibutuhkan Es KTT dengan tujuan agar Es KTT dapat menarik minat dan perhatian masyarakat. Hasil dari perancangan ini telah dilakukan uji survey kepada 50 orang dan hasilnya mereka puas dengan perancangan ini.
Perancangan Website dan Media Promosi Online Sekolah Budaya Tunggulwulung
Authors: Ludyanto Fourine
Published: January 2023

Sekolah Budaya Tunggulwulung (SBT) didirikan pada tahun 2014 ini merupakan wadah masyarakat yang ingin melestarikan budaya lokal. Namun sejak berdirinya sekolah ini, peminat dari generasi muda masih belum mencapai angka sasaran. Oleh karena itu dengan adanya website dan media sosial melalui Instagram dan Facebook sebagai media promosi online diharapkan mampu meningkatkan persentase pengikut generasi muda untuk SBT. Dalam menyusun konsep pada perancangan ini menggunakan metode perancangan melalui 4 tahap, yaitu pengumpulan data, analisis data menggunakan metode STP (segmenting, targeting, dan positioning), konsep perancangan yang terdiri dari 3 aspek (perencanaan media, perencanaan kreatif, serta perencanaan tata desain), dan yang terakhir visualisasi desain. Hasil dari perancangan ini berupa website SBT yang sudah dapat diakses secara langsung, dan 12 desain konten untuk media sosial Instagram dan Facebook yang dapat digunakan untuk menginformasikan kepada user lain. Dengan adanya media tersebut Sekolah Budaya Tunggulwulung mulai disadari keberadaannya di tengah masyarakat sehingga peminat dari SBT meningkat.
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN DAN PEMANFAATAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MOBILE LEARNING MENGGUNAKAN APLIKASI “RUMAH BELAJAR”
Authors: Setiawan Agus , Thohir Muhyidin , Jannah Asriatul
Published: January 2023

Technological developments have had a major impact on education so that educators must prepare themselves to develop processes and use of instructional media as the main means of supporting learning. The purpose of this study is to train teachers to be able to use Learning Houses as a technology-based platform that can be used as a learning medium. This service method uses the Assed Based Communities Development (ABCD) approach with community service steps, namely discovery, dream, design, define, destiny. Assisted subjects are IPPNU members. The assisted result is that the assisted subjects of IPPNU members are able to use, design and utilize the Learning House platform so that it can be used as an alternative free learning media.
PELATIHAN HIGH ORDER THINKING SKILLS DAN EVALUASI BERBASIS ONLINE BAGI GURU SMA DI KOTA MALANG
Authors: Setiawan Deny , Zubaidah Siti , Mahanal Susriyati , Masita Rahmi
Published: January 2023

Applying HOTS and the need for effective and efficient evaluation facilities for teachers is urgent for Malang schools. This study aimed to determine the results of HOTS training and online-based evaluation in Malang. This community service aims to find out the results of HOTS training and online-based evaluation for teachers in Malang. The training target is 40 high school Biology Teachers in Malang. The activity consists of 3 stages, namely the preparation stage, the activity stage, and the evaluation stage. HOTS training and online-based evaluation positively impacted high school teachers in Malang. The average score of participants in Padlet development was 86.78%, 100% were able to make and apply Kahoot! in class, and 90.45% of participants had prepared questions according to the HOTS criteria and were able to identify their cognitive level.