bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatiotemporal variability in fire foci detection in the state of Pará, Brazil
Authors: WHITE Benjamin Leonardo Alves
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT In the current climate change scenario, the adoption of actions aimed at reducing wildland fires and, consequently, greenhouse gas emissions is urgent. The use of environmental satellites to trace wildland fires is an essential instrument in the development of fire prevention strategies. The objectives of this study were to (a) analyze the spatiotemporal variability in fire foci detection in the state of Pará, Brazil; (b) identify the main differences between data from AQUA and Suomi-NPP (S-NPP) satellites; and (c) determine the variables responsible for changes in fire detection at municipal level. Mean annual detection of fire foci was of 43,488 by AQUA based on data from 2003-2023, and of 156,038 by S-NPP from 2012-2023. During the overlap period, S-NPP detected 4.5 times more foci than AQUA. Despite the difference, both datasets were significantly correlated. Most fire foci were detected in August, September and November. São Félix do Xingu and Altamira were the municipalities with the highest number of detections, while Bajaru and Concórdia do Pará registered higher fire foci density. Of the 144 municipalities, 89 were classified as having extreme fire incidence. Deforested area was the variable that presented the highest correlation with municipal fire density, followed by pasture area, rainfall, urbanized area, forest area, agricultural area and demographic density. The results of this study could be used as basis for the development of public policies aiming at the reduction of wildland fire occurrence in Pará.
First Record of Kurzia media (Birge 1879) (Cladocera: Chydoridae) in Brazil with notes on the holotype
Authors: ANDRADE Daniel da Silva , ELMOOR-LOUREIRO Lourdes Maria Abdu , SOUSA Francisco Diogo Rocha , MUGNAI Riccardo
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT The genus Kurzia, initially described in 1894 by Dybowski and Grochowski, has a worldwide distribution and includes eight species. In Brazil, Kurzia polyspina is so far the only species considered valid. Here we report the first record of Kurzia media in Brazil, and the second record in South America. The material was collected in a lake in the Amazonian region of the Brazilian state of Maranhão. In addition, we provide some considerations about the taxonomic history of the species and discuss the need for a redescription and the designation of a neotype for K. media. With our record, K. media now has two known occurrence localities in northern North America and two in tropical South America, with a widely disjunct distribution that needs further elucidation.
Places to purchase food in urban and rural areas of Brazil
Authors: Vasconcelos Thais Meirelles de , Pereira Kesya Santos Felix , Tahim Jamile Carvalho , Sichieri Rosely , Bezerra Ilana Nogueira
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the locations of food and beverage acquisition in Brazil, according to the level of food processing and household location (urban/rural). Methods: Data from 49,489 households from the Household Budget Survey 2017-2018 were used. Information regarding food and beverages was collected through a collective acquisition booklet over 7 consecutive days. Locations were classified into 10 groups on the basis of similarities in sales structure and mode of food offering, and food and beverages were categorized according to the NOVA classification. The frequency of households acquiring food in each location was estimated, as well as the acquisition frequency according to processing level, considering significance through non-overlapping 95% confidence intervals. Results: Half of the households (51.9%) acquired food in supermarkets, contributing to both the acquisition of fresh and minimally processed foods (92.2% in urban; 90.2% in rural) and ultra-processed foods (78.6% in urban; 74.1% in rural). For the urban area, the Supermarket (55.0%), Bakery (46.5%) and Small markets (43.1%) are among the places with the highest frequency of food acquisition, while for rural areas, it is found that Small Markets (53%), Supermarkets (32.3%) and Home production (31.0%) presented the highest frequencies. Conclusion: The acquisition of food and beverages for household consumption in Brazil differs according to household location (urban/rural), indicating the importance of the community food environment in the consumption patterns of ultra-processed foods.
TRIBUTAÇÃO ÓTIMA DAS MAIORES RENDAS DA PESSOA FÍSICA NO BRASIL: ALÍQUOTAS E SIMULAÇÕES PARA 2020
Authors: Paes Nelson Leitão
Published: October 2024

RESUMO: Este artigo calcula as alíquotas marginais ótimas para as rendas mais elevadas para a tributação da renda do trabalho, da renda do capital e da renda total no Brasil. Essas estimativas apresentadas são importantes, especialmente porque no país existe uma forte concentração da renda do capital na faixa de 1% mais rico, muito mais do que na renda do trabalho, e, ainda assim, boa parte desses rendimentos não são tributados, como lucros e dividendos. Os resultados apontam que as alíquotas calculadas são muito mais elevadas do que realmente ocorre na prática no Brasil, com a possível exceção do rendimento do trabalho.
A TELEVISÃO COMO UM NEGÓCIO: A RBS EM SANTA CATARINA
Authors: Cruz Dulce Márcia
Published: October 2024

Resumo Neste artigo analisamos as estratégias políticas, econômicas e culturais que levaram a Rede Brasil Sul de Comunicações, a RBS, da família gaúcha Sirotsky, a conquistar a liderança entre as emissoras de televisão catarinenses, entre 1979 e 1992.
CAN LEARNERS BE MOTIVATED TO SPEAK A FOREIGN LANGUAGE THROUGH THE USE OF GAMES?
Authors: Bettiol Eliana
Published: October 2024

Abstract Can learners be motivated to speak a foreign language through the use of games? The major purpose of the present study is to address this question and in particular, this study aims at reporting a rewarding teaching experience in which the “Habits and Hobbies” game by Hadfield, 1990 (apud Biancamano & Perna, 1993) was applied during a class to a group of students in order to examine the effect of this game on the learners’ speaking performance.
DECISÕES LEGAIS EM CASOS DE ESTUPRO COMO PARTE DE UMA PEDAGOGIA DO COMPORTAMENTO
Authors: Figueiredo Débora de Carvalho
Published: October 2024

Resumo O presente artigo investiga o papel pedagógico do discurso de decisões jurídicas em casos de estupro. Esta análise baseia-se em grande parte no livro “Vigiar e Punir” de Michel Foucault, que traça a evolução do sistema jurídico penal desde a época da tortura medieval, passando pela noção Iluminista da punição, até chegar ao conceito moderno da disciplina. Os julgamentos de casos de estupro envolvem tanto punição quanto disciplina; seus elementos punitivos e disciplinares são dirigidos não apenas ao acusado (o suposto estuprador), mas também à vítima. Assim como o réu, a vítima também é julgada durante o processo penal (ainda que por critérios diferentes) e, se considerada culpada de comportamentos ‘inapropriados’ (e.g. promiscuidade, infidelidade, frieza, alcoolismo), seu coração, seus pensamentos, sua vontade e suas inclinações deverão expiar suas ações. As decisões judiciais em casos de estupro exercem portanto uma função dupla: elas representam o braço da justiça (o poder de julgar e punir), mas também exercem um micro-poder sobre o corpo e a sexualidade das mulheres, estabelecendo formas apropriadas e inapropriadas de comportamento social e sexual. Os julgamentos de estupro representam um dos procedimentos disciplinares que ajudam a constituir, reconstituir, moldar e transformar o modelo de feminilidade convencional e hegemônica em cada sociedade (LEES, 1997).
PRÁTICAS DISCURSIVAS E ENSINO DO TEXTO ACADÊMICO: CONCEPÇÕES DE ALUNOS DE MESTRADO SOBRE A ESCRITA
Authors: Figueiredo Débora de Carvalho , Bonini Adair
Published: October 2024

Resumo Este artigo investiga as concepções sobre o ensino-aprendizagem da escrita acadêmica, a partir das respostas a um questionário sobre esse tema respondido por um grupo de alunos de mestrado, após terem participado de uma oficina de produção textual acadêmica escrita. A análise baseou-se no trabalho de Ivanič (2004) a respeito dos discursos sobre o ensino da produção escrita na escola. Através da análise dos questionários, pudemos constatar, na fala dos alunos, traços da pedagogia de letramento em gêneros e de uma visão social do discurso. Os resultados indicam uma contribuição da experiência de ensino no sentido de familiarizar os mestrandos com a noção de escrita como prática social inserida dentro de uma comunidade discursiva, mas também que eles ainda estão no estágio de membros periféricos nessa comunidade.
O ENSINO DE PRODUÇÃO TEXTUAL COM BASE EM ATIVIDADES SOCIAIS E GÊNEROS TEXTUAIS
Authors: Motta-Roth Désirée
Published: October 2024

Resumo O objetivo deste ensaio é encorajar o debate sobre as possibilidades pedagógicas da concepção de gênero textual para o ensino de produção textual. Nesse sentido, busca-se aqui discutir o tratamento dado a essa noção nos PCN+ (BRASIL, 2000) e, em decorrência dessa discussão, refletir sobre o ensino de linguagem. As reflexões expostas no texto estão ancoradas em dois princípios práticos, quais sejam: 1) o ensino de produção textual depende de um realinhamento conceitual da representação do aluno sobre o que é a escrita, para quem se escreve, com que objetivo, de que modo e sobre o quê; e 2) as atividades de produção textual propostas devem ampliar a visão do aluno sobre o que seja um contexto de atuação para si mesmo.
A CONSTRUÇÃO DE MODELOS DIDÁTICOS DE GÊNEROS: APORTES E QUESTIONAMENTOS PARA O ENSINO DE GÊNEROS
Authors: Machado Anna Rachel , Cristovão Vera Lúcia Lopes
Published: October 2024

Resumo O objetivo central do artigo é o de traçar um quadro ilustrativo de pesquisas brasileiras desenvolvidas para a construção de “modelos didáticos de gêneros”, de suas respectivas seqüências didáticas e de trabalhos didáticos de intervenção desenvolvidos nessa perspectiva. Entretanto, limitarnos-emos às que assumem a perspectiva do interacionismo sociodiscursivo (ISD), desenvolvidas no Programa de Estudos Pós-graduados em Lingüística Aplicada e Estudos da Linguagem (LAEL/ PUCSP), mas, sobretudo, às que foram desenvolvidas e/ou orientadas por Machado e às que, posteriormente, foram desenvolvidos de forma autônoma por diferentes pesquisadores. Nesse levantamento, mostraremos a validade da utilização dos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos do ISD que foram assumidos por esses pesquisadores, quais foram os gêneros trabalhados, os diferentes objetivos perseguidos, as conclusões teóricas, metodológicas e/ou didáticas a que eles conseguiram chegar e as questões que ainda deixam em aberto.
SOCIAL SKILLS IN CHILDREN’S LITERATURE: AN ANALYSIS BASED ON THE CHARACTERS’ SPEECHES
Authors: Soares Adriana Benevides , Medeiros Humberto Claudio Passeri , Brito Almir Diego , Mendes Vinícius Soares Alves , Santos Jaqueline de Carvalho A. da Hora , Rocha Hayumy Lima , Uhr Fatima Regina Brito
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT The study investigated the social skills (SS) present in interactions among characters in children’s books. The sample consisted of 77 works. In this way, 42 books presented 168 situations of interactions among characters that were categorized according to the system of classes and subclasses of HS in childhood proposed by Z. Del Prette and Del Prette. The Assertiveness class (56) was identified most frequently and making and refusing requests, a subclass of this category, was the one that had the most interactions (20). The Civility class (16) had the lowest frequency. It suggested that children’s literature can be used as a psychoeducational resource for acquiring SS from childhood and serve as an indispensable tool in the students’ literacy process in the initial grades.
An analysis of fellowship training of kidney transplant surgeons in a Brazilian state
Authors: Ferreira Salim Anderson Khouri , Pinho João Henrique Sendrete de , Offerni Juliano , Sanders-Pinheiro Helady
Published: October 2024

Abstract Introduction: The lack of specialized professionals potentially contributes to the inability to meet the demand for kidney transplantations. Moreover, there is no universal proposal for the training process of transplantation surgeons. We aimed to explore the characteristics of the training program and professional activities of kidney transplantation teams in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods: We invited the surgeons of all 19 active kidney transplantation centers in Minas Gerais to participate in this cross-sectional study. Demographic and professional training data were compared using linear and logistic regression models. Results: The response rate among the centers was high (89%); half of the surgeons answered the survey (39/78). Most of the centers were public teaching institutions, under a production-based payment contract, with a mean of 6 ± 2.4 surgeons/team; 94.2% of the centers had urologists. The surgeons were 95% male (age of 46.3 ± 9.7 years) and 59% were urologists. Most were involved in organ procurement and transplantation; only one surgeon worked exclusively with transplantation. The mean period since training was 13 ± 9.4 years, with a mean of 10 ± 9.7 years as part of the transplantation team. Only 25.6% had specialized or formal training in transplantation, with only one completing a formal medical residency for kidney transplantation. The lack of training programs was the most frequently cited reason. Conclusion: Kidney transplantation surgeons are not exclusive and most have not completed a formal fellowship program in transplantation because they are not available. These data indicate the need to improve training programs and facilitate the formation of new kidney transplantation teams.
Evidências materiais e imateriais do território de Manguinhos
Authors: Kipnis Renato , Lima Ilza Carla Favaro de
Published: October 2024

Resumo O artigo aborda o licenciamento ambiental como instrumento de identificação e preservação do patrimônio cultural. Ao longo de 2021 foram conduzidos estudos na área do campus de Manguinhos da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz e vizinhança, associados à instalação de uma rede de coleta e tratamento de esgoto pelo poder público. Os estudos evidenciaram o processo de ocupação do território e permitiram identificar vestígios de cultura material em contexto arqueológico e os bens acautelados pelo Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional – baianas de acarajé, capoeira e literatura de cordel –, saberes e formas de expressão que testemunham a construção do território de Manguinhos, processo em constante movimento.
Reconstrucción histórica de la medicina psicosomática latinoamericana: el intercambio entre psicoanalistas de Argentina y Brasil, 1942-1959
Authors: Guedes Carla Ribeiro , Kaulino Adriana
Published: October 2024

Resumen Ese artículo realiza una reconstrucción de los orígenes de la medicina psicosomática en Latinoamérica a través de la historia de la institucionalización del psicoanálisis en Argentina y Brasil. El estudio enfoca el intercambio entre psicoanalistas argentinos y brasileños durante el período correspondiente a los años 1942-1959. Los análisis indican similitudes y diferencias entre los dos proyectos de difusión y producción teórica de la medicina psicosomática en ambos países. Las conclusiones apuntan a que el grupo argentino de psicoanalistas tenía la intención de fortalecer el psicoanálisis mientras que, en Brasil, el principal difusor de la psicosomática, Danilo Perestrello, sostenía una transformación profunda de la medicina tradicional.
A coleção de paleoinvertebrados do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro: práticas museológicas e etapas da sua trajetória
Authors: Lima Joana D.
Published: October 2024

Resumo O artigo analisa os aspetos gerais da formação da coleção de paleoinvertebrados do Museu Nacional, no Rio de Janeiro, e as etapas da sua trajetória, tendo em consideração o próprio percurso da instituição, sob a perspetiva da museologia e dos estudos sobre o património. São abordados o alcance da coleção no contexto do departamento, os procedimentos por que passou e as práticas em que esteve envolvida, nomeadamente a pesquisa, o ensino e as exposições. A trajetória da coleção reflete os contextos em que o museu se moveu no país e no mundo, desde meados do século XIX até o início do século XXI.
The invertebrate paleontology collection at Rio de Janeiro's Museu Nacional: museological practices and stages in its trajectory
Authors: Lima Joana D.
Published: October 2024

Abstract This article examines the general characteristics of how the invertebrate paleontology collection at the National Museum [Museu Nacional] in Rio de Janeiro took shape and the stages in its trajectory, considering the institution’s own journey from the perspective of museology and heritage studies. It addresses the reach of the collection within the context of the department and the procedures and practices involved, namely research, education, and exhibitions. The collection’s trajectory reflects the contexts that formed the backdrop for the museum, domestically and globally, between the mid-1900s and the early twenty-first century.
Intoxicación en una mina de mercurio de Colombia: Aranzazu, 1948-1975
Authors: Bonilla Juan-Sebastián , Idrovo Alvaro J. , Figueroa Helwar-Hernando
Published: October 2024

Resumen Este estudio analiza el trabajo, la intoxicación y el tratamiento médico que recibieron los trabajadores de la mina de mercurio “La Esperanza” entre 1948 y 1975 en Aranzazu (Caldas, Colombia). La labor minera tuvo dificultades por la inestabilidad geológica de la zona y el uso de la tecnología minera inapropiada, lo que generó una alta ocurrencia de intoxicaciones, manifestado en temblores de miembros, sangrado de encías, pérdida de piezas dentarias y mal olor bucal. La mina fue la primera empresa colombiana que trató sus trabajadores intoxicados con dimercaprol y penicilamina. Así nació la toxicología ocupacional en Colombia, en uno de los más graves desastres de salud ocupacional en el país.
Biomedicalização e as respostas à aids no Brasil: notas de pesquisa
Authors: Monteiro Simone , Brigeiro Mauro
Published: October 2024

Resumo O texto aborda o processo de biomedicalização das respostas ao vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV) e à síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida (aids), tendo por base pesquisas de campo no Rio de Janeiro e revisões documentais e bibliográficas. Informados pela perspectiva socioantropológica e pelos estudos sociais da ciência, argumentamos que o atual predomínio de estratégias biomédicas preventivas implica reconfigurações de ordens científica, institucional e das intervenções em saúde e da sexualidade. Tais transformações apontam para: a consolidação da definição da epidemia como um problema clínico, uma reconfiguração dos debates sobre sexualidade e estigma e um apagamento da discussão das desigualdades estruturais e dos direitos humanos. O processo de biomedicalização exige novas investigações sobre HIV/aids no campo das ciências sociais e humanas.
Indissociabilidade entre emoções e letramentos na sala de aula de bebês e crianças
Authors: Dias Maíra Tomayno de Melo , Gomes Maria de Fátima Cardoso , Penafiel Kelly Jessie Queiroz
Published: October 2024

Resumo O artigo tem como objetivo analisar, do ponto de vista da Teoria Histórico-Cultural e da Etnografia em Educação, as relações entre emoções e letramentos construídas em duas salas de aula, uma de bebês e outra de crianças pertencentes a duas pesquisas etnográficas e longitudinais realizadas em dois períodos diferentes por integrantes do mesmo grupo de pesquisa. A primeira foi realizada entre 2006 e 2008 e a segunda entre 2017 e março de 2020. As descrições e análises permitiram-nos fazer contrastes entre os padrões culturais das duas salas quando os eventos da roda de história aconteciam em ambas. Percebemos que as atividades de letramentos são atividades humanas e envolvem os sujeitos em todas as suas dimensões, e concluímos que a condição para a formação das funções psíquicas superiores em bebês e crianças que têm suporte da indivisibilidade da unidade dialética [emoções-letramentos] precisa considerar as vivências culturais e sociais das crianças, bem como suas ações e interações com colegas e professoras, ou seja, é na dialética entre o coletivo e o individual que os sentidos dos eventos de letramentos, assim como, as subjetividades são constituídos.
Urinary Cytokeratin 20 as a Biomarker for AKI-CKD Transition among Patients with Acute Decompensated Heart Failure and Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Ouyang Han , Ma Rui , Yang Xiaobing , Chen Chunbo , Xu Xin , Tian Jianwei , Liu Jun , Zha Yan , Liu Huafeng , Yang Tiecheng , Hou Fan Fan
Published: October 2024

Key Points

In patients with acute decompensated heart failure and AKI, higher urinary cytokeratin 20 (CK20) associated with higher risk of AKI-to-CKD progression.

Urinary CK20, particularly combined with clinical variables, improved the ability of predicting AKI-CKD transition with an accuracy of 90%.

Urinary CK20 might be used as a novel tool for early identifying patients at high risk of kidney function loss after AKI.

Background

Predicting the risk of AKI-CKD transition remains a major challenge in the management of acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) and AKI. This study investigated the clinical utility of urinary cytokeratin 20 (CK20), a novel biomarker reflecting the severity of histological acute tubular injury, for identifying patients at risk of AKI-to-CKD progression.

Methods

This prospective cohort study included a test set comprising 279 consecutive hospitalized patients with ADHF and AKI in five centers and a validation set enrolling 206 similar patients at an external center. Urinary CK20 and seven reported renal tubular injury biomarkers at the time of AKI diagnosis were measured. The primary outcome was a composite of AKI-CKD transition 90 days after AKI or all-cause death within 90 days. The secondary outcome was AKI-to-CKD progression 90 days after AKI.

Results

In the test set, 115 patients (41%) reached the primary end point. Concentrations of urinary CK20 peaked on the day of AKI diagnosis and remained elevated 14 days after AKI. After multivariable adjustment, the highest tertile of urinary CK20 was associated with 21-fold higher risk of the primary outcome and 29-fold higher risk of the secondary outcome. For predicting the primary and secondary outcomes, urinary CK20 at the time of AKI diagnosis had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.82 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.77 to 0.87) and 0.81 (95% CI, 0.75 to 0.87), respectively, and outperformed other reported biomarkers reflecting acute tubular injury and risk of CKD. Adding urinary CK20 to the clinical variables improved the ability for predicting the primary outcome with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.90 (95% CI, 0.85 to 0.94) and largely improved risk reclassification. The ability of urinary CK20 in predicting AKI-CKD transition was further confirmed in the validation set.

Conclusions

Urinary CK20 improved prediction of the risk of transition from AKI to CKD in patients with ADHF and AKI.
Safety and Efficacy of Avacopan in Patients with Complement 3 Glomerulopathy
Authors: Bomback Andrew S. , Herlitz Leal C. , Kedia Priyanka Punit , Petersen Jeffrey , Yue Huibin , Lafayette Richard A. ,   on behalf of the ACCOLADE Study Group
Published: October 2024

Key Points

ACCOLADE was the first randomized trial in patients with complement 3 glomerulopathy investigating the use of avacopan, a complement component 5a receptor blocker.

The trial did not meet its primary end point of change in disease activity index from baseline to 26 weeks.

No new safety signals were reported; the results suggest a potential role of avacopan in milder forms of complement 3 glomerulopathy.

Background

Complement 3 (C3) glomerulopathy is a rare autoimmune disorder characterized by activation of the alternative complement pathway with isolated or dominant complement 3 deposition in glomeruli. Patients with C3 glomerulopathy may develop progressive deterioration in kidney function and kidney failure.

Methods

We studied the safety and efficacy of avacopan 30 mg twice daily in patients with C3 glomerulopathy (N=57) with elevated (>244 ng/ml) and normal (≤244 ng/ml) levels of membrane attack complex or terminal complement complex (C5b-9) in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial, with kidney biopsies performed prerandomization and at 26 and 52 weeks. The primary outcome was the percent change from baseline to week 26 in C3 glomerulopathy Histological Index for disease activity.

Results

The study was conducted in patients with C3 glomerulopathy, including C3 GN and dense deposit disease. The median study duration was 60.0 weeks (interquartile range, 59.9–61.0). There were no significant differences in the primary outcome between the avacopan and the placebo group—least squares mean treatment difference (95% confidence interval)= −0.0 (−1.9 to 1.8). The secondary measures of efficacy including C3 glomerulopathy Histological Index for disease chronicity, urine protein:creatinine ratio, and eGFR were not different between treatment groups. The overall incidence and type of adverse events for both treatment groups were comparable. No deaths were reported during the study, and no new safety signals were detected.

Conclusions

The primary end point for the study was not met; other clinical effects of avacopan to improve certain key kidney function parameters and slow disease progression were variable and require further evaluation.

Clinical Trial registry name and registration number:

Controlled Trial Evaluating Avacopan in C3 Glomerulopathy (ACCOLADE), NCT03301467.
Semantic and distributional patterns of Spanish negation with nouns and adjectives: A Lexical-Realizational Functional Grammar approach
Authors: Meinschaefer Judith
Published: October 2024

This study examines the semantic and distributional characteristics of the Spanish negation no when it occurs before nouns and adjectives, specifically, whether these instances diverge from sentential negation, but also from negation via prefixes such as des- ‘dis-’ or in- ‘in-, un-’. Using data from the Spanish Web 2011 corpus, it is shown that the use of no before adjectives aligns with other forms of constituent negation, often resulting in a contradictory interpretation, that is similar to that of sentential negation. However, the interpretation of no  preceding nouns exhibits a broader range of interpretations, depending on whether the noun refers to an eventuality, quality, or entity. In such instances, no shows parallels to negative prefixes, frequently indicating privation rather than contradiction. Consequently, no  can be analyzed as a building block of phrases, expressing syntactic negation, behaving similarly to other adverbs, as well as a building block of words, expressing lexical negation, resembling Spanish prefix-like elements like cuasi ‘almost’ or ex ‘ex-’. The analysis is couched within the framework of Lexical-Realizational Functional Grammar (LRFG), integrating aspects of Lexical Functional Grammar and Distributed Morphology. This approach does not treat morphology and syntax as separate modules, thus allowing us to account for the variable distribution and interpretation of no by means of a single representation in vocabulary structure, drawing on constituent structure representations which are needed on independent grounds for adverbs and for prefix-like elements.
Dealer Balance Sheet Constraints: Evidence from Dealer-Level Data across Repo Market Segments
Authors: Chabot Lia , Cochran Paul , Infante Sebastian , Iorio Benjamin
Published: October 2024

The continued growth of U.S. Treasury issuance has garnered interest in understanding dealers’ ability to intermediate the U.S. Treasury market. These trends have spurred various efforts to measure the degree to which dealer balance sheet constraints—broadly defined as restrictions on the overall size of an intermediary’s balance sheet—can affect the intermediation of the Treasury market.
On the distribution of cycle lengths in the graph of k-multiple iteration of the uniform random substitution
Authors:   MIREA - Russian Technological University, Mironkin Vladimir O.
Published: October 2024

The influence of the iteration process on the structure of the graph Gπ of the uniform random substitution π : S → S is studied. Exact formulas are written out for the distribution of the length βπ (x) of the cycle Kπ (x) containing an arbitrary fixed vertex x ∈ S. An expression is written for the mathematical expectation of a random variable λπk (l) equal to the number of vertices in the graph Gπk lying on cycles of length l ∈ {1, . . . , |S|}. For k ∈ N and arbitrary fixed vertices x, y ∈ S, x ̸= y, the joint probability of their falling on cycles of fixed lengths in the graph Gπk is calculated.
On the number of ℓ-suitable Boolean functions in constructions of filter and combining models of stream ciphers
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University, Bonich Tatiana A. , Panferov Matvey A. ,   Sobolev Institute of Mathematics, SB RAS, Tokareva Natalya N. ,   Novosibirsk State University
Published: October 2024

It is well known that every stream cipher is based on a good pseudorandom generator. For cryptographic purposes, we are interested in generating pseudorandom sequences with the maximum possible period. A feedback register is one of the most known cryptographic primitives that is used to construct stream ciphers. We consider periodic properties of pseudorandom sequences produced by filter and combiner generators (two known schemes of stream generators based on feedback registers). We analyze functions in these schemes that lead to output sequences of period at least a given number l. We call such functions l-suitable and count the exact number of them for an arbitrary n. Download file
The model and metrics of awareness in confidential information. Part 2. Actual awareness
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Gaydamakin Nikolai A.
Published: October 2024

The actual awareness of users in confidential information is considered as the possession of relevant information, characterized by the degree of perception (assimilation) and the possibility of using information (“extraction” from memory). Within the subject-object class of access control models in computer systems, the concept of awareness is formalized as a result of user access to objects containing confidential information. Access to the object (by reading), having a time frame (duration), forms the user’s awareness of the confidential information of the corresponding object, the value of which is proportional to the volume of confidential information of the object, the index of complexity (readability) of the text of the object, the duration of access and and also depends on the user’s individual ability to perceive (reading speed) and master (understanding, processing) information. At the same time, the volume of confidential information of an object is defined as a value proportional to the number of words in the text and the coefficient of informativeness of the object. Over time, according to the Ebbinghaus forgetting curve, the user’s awareness of sensitive information decreases. The degree of decrease in awareness depends on the individual characteristics of the user and the level of confidentiality of the information. Subsequent accesses to the object can restore the degree of awareness depending on the duration of the accesses and the time elapsed since the previous access. The type and parameters of the function of reducing/restoring awareness over time and depending on the access history are considered. The user’s awareness of all confidential information contained (processed) in a computer system consists of awareness of all access objects, taking into account the synergetic effect, which can be either positive (knowledge about the system of objects is greater than the sum of knowledge about objects) or negative. The nature and features of users’ actual awareness in confidential information are illustrated by examples with various parameters of access objects, access history and individual characteristics of users.
Algebraic-geometry codes and decoding by error-correcting pairs
Authors:   Higher School of Economics, Malygina Ekaterian S. , Kuninets Artem A. ,   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Ratochka Vyacheslav L. ,   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Duplenko Alexandr G. ,   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Neiman Daniil Ya. ,   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University
Published: October 2024

We consider the basic theory of algebraic curves and their function fields necessary for constructing algebraic geometry codes and a pair of codes forming an error-correction pair which is used in a precomputation step of the decoding algorithm for the algebraic geometry codes. Also, we consider the decoding algorithm and give the necessary theory to prove its correctness. As a result, we consider elliptic curves, Hermitian curves and Klein quartics and construct the algebraic geometry codes associated with these families of curves, and also explicitly define the error-correcting pairs for the resulting codes.
On the generic complexity of the square root modulo prime problem
Authors:   Sobolev Institute of Mathematics, SB RAS, Rybalov Alexandr N.
Published: October 2024

We study the generic complexity of the problem of finding a square root modulo a prime number. The question about the computational complexity of this problem is still open. However, there are known algorithms (e.g. Cipolla’s algorithm) which are polynomial if the extended Riemann hypothesis holds. We prove that this problem is generically decidable in polynomial time. In fact, this means that Cipolla’s algorithm runs in polynomial time for “almost all” inputs. The notion “almost all” is formalized by introducing the asymptotic density on a set of input data.
Операционная эффективность. Сборник информационно-аналитических статей
Authors: Иванющенкова Марина , Петрова-Вербицкая Юлия , Баев Григорий
Published: October 2024

Настоящий сборник продолжает серию регулярных тематических выпусков Высшей школы бизнеса НИУ ВШЭ «Новое в менеджменте». В него включены результаты исследования производительности и оплаты труда в крупнейших российских компаниях, а также аналитические статьи о методах повышения операционной эффективности, государственных программах увеличения производительности, передовом опыте отечественных компаний. Издание предназначено для руководителей организаций, специалистов в сфере операционной эффективности, преподавателей вузов и студентов, а также для широкого круга читателей, интересующихся актуальными тенденциями в менеджменте.
Cultura y evangelización: aproximación a la iconografía de la Pasión de Cristo en el arte extremeño / Evangelization and culture: one approach to the iconography of Passion of Christ in the extremadurian art
Authors: García Mogollón Florencio-Javier
Published: October 2024

Sintetizamos en un breve trabajo el ciclo iconográfico de la pasión de Cristo en Extremadura, desde el punto de vista artístico, acudiendo a algunos ejemplos muy significativos para cada uno de los apartados. Se incluyen representaciones pictóricas, escultóricas (retablos) así como otras relacionadas con las artes suntuarias: platería, azulejería y marfil.We synthesize in a brief work the iconographic cycle of Christ’s passion in Extremadura, from the artistic point of view, coming to some very significant examples for each one of the paragraphs. There are included pictorial, sculptural representations (altarpieces) as well as others related to the sumptuary arts: silverwork, tile panels and ivory.Palabras clave: Iconografía, pasión, Jesucristo, arte, Extremadura.Keywords: Iconography, passion, Jesus Christ, art, Extremadura.DOI: http://dx.medra.org/10.17398/1886-4945.10.113
Lenguajes de la evangelización en la cultura popular. Los lenguajes del franciscanismo / Languages of evangelization on pupular culture. Lenguages of franciscanism
Authors: Díez González María del Carmen
Published: October 2024

Los franciscanos desarrollaron una religiosidad más humanista, volcada en el individuo; pensada para y por el fiel. No utilizaron el latín, lengua en la que se expresaba la Iglesia de la época, sino la lengua vernácula de cada pueblo. Junto a ello desarrollaron prácticas religiosas en las que la imagen visual y sentimental era importante, seguros de que este lenguaje llegaba fácilmente al corazón del hombre sencillo.Franciscans developed a more humanist religiousness pinned on the individual person; designed to the faithfull. They didn’t use Latin, that was the language spoken by the Church in those days, but the vernacular language in each village. Furthermore, the developed religious practices in which the visual and sentimental image was very important, sure that this language touched the simple humanbody deeply in an easy way.Palabras clave: franciscanismo, piedad, religiosidad, lenguaje visual, sacromontes, calvarios, vía crucis, cofradías religiosas.Keywords: Franciscanism, mercy/devotion, religiousness/religiosity, visual language, holy mounts, stations of the Cross, ways of the Cross, religious brotherhoods.DOI: http://dx.medra.org/10.17398/1886-4945.10.67
Waiting time and ways of accessing specialized health services in public hospitals in Ecuador v1
Authors: Armijos Briones Marcelo , Ayala Aguirre Estefanía , Figueroa Intriago Sammy
Published: October 2024

This study aims to determine the waiting time and the forms of access to specialized health services in public hospitals in Ecuador. A representative sample of 32 hospitals under the Ministry of Public Health was considered, with 26 selected by convenience. Data will be collected using a structured questionnaire. Patients will be asked about the number of days they waited for their medical appointments and the method used to schedule their appointments. The study distinguishes between standardized access, based on Ecuador’s formal referral and counter-referral system, and non-standardized access methods, such as personal connections or hospital staff involvement. We expect to identify a correlation between waiting times and the type of access to specialized medical services, with non-standardized access potentially leading to shorter waiting times. This research may highlight disparities in the system and suggest areas for improvement in equity and efficiency within the healthcare referral process.
Quantification of astrocytic expression of a-syn in A53T mouse brain tissue v1
Authors: Peat Cormac , Prasad Asheeta , Halliday Glenda , Wright courtney.wright
Published: October 2024

This protocol describes the imaging procedure used to quantify astrocyte and alpha-synuclein expression in multiple brain regions in 6 month aged transgenic A53T mice (M83) using the Leica THUNDER 3D Imager located in the Sydney Microscopy & Microanalysis facility in the Charles Perkins Centre at The University of Sydney
Fabrication and mechanical characterization of composite fiberboard utilizing dry lemon peel powder and epoxy resin
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, G. B. Pant DSEU Okhla-I Campus, New Delhi, India, Kumar Anil , Supale Jayant P. ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, G. B. Pant DSEU Okhla-I Campus, New Delhi, India, Grover Dipti ,   Institute of Environmental Studies, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra 136119, India, Dahiya Bhawna ,   Institute of Environmental Studies, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra 136119, India
Published: October 2024

This research work is related to the manufacturing of a composite fiberboard using dry lemon peel powder and epoxy resin, which can be used as an alternate to the plywood or wood. The objective of this study is to assess the mechanical and microstructural properties of this novel composite fiberboard. To assess its strength and ability to absorb energy, different tests were performed on different specimens. To comprehend the morphology and filler particle distribution within the resin, the microstructure of the fabricated composite was also checked using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). As per the experimental findings, the composite’s mechanical properties, such as hardness 22.45 (Vickers), tensile strength 14.7 MPa, flexural strength 27.9 MPa and impact strength 21.76 J/m2, appeared promising with respect to the plywood. Additionally, perfect bonding was shown by the SEM study between the waste Dry Lemon Peel particles (DLPP) and the epoxy, contributing to improved mechanical properties
Biotechnological potential of lactic acid bacteria during fermentation of the plant base for an alternative emmer drink
Authors:   ITMO University, Trofimov Andrey A. , Lavrinenko Ekaterina A. ,   ITMO University, Shevyakova Polina A. ,   ITMO University, Gunkova Polina I. ,   ITMO University, Moskvicheva Elena V. ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Fedinishina Ekaterina Y. ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Published: October 2024

The properties of Lactobacillus acidophilus BZ-AB culture, strains of Limosilactobacillus fermentum B28, Lactiplantibacillus рlantarum B4, and their mixtures were studied in order to select cultures ensuring the optimal biotechnological process and to obtain a fermented alternative drink from high-quality emmer. The saccharolytic activity of bacteria was assessed by the rate of the changes in the optical density of the Gis medium with soluble sugars at a wavelength of 490 nm. The acid-forming activity of the cultures was determined by the dynamics of the pH of the fermented mixture. The number of bacterial cells was calculated by the Vinogradsky–Brid method. The organoleptic properties of the hydrolysate were assessed on a pre-developed five-point scale. It has been shown that lactic acid bacteria require soluble sugars for effective development. Their growth is provided by emmer flour hydrolysate with a maltose content of 23.66 g/dm3, glucose content of 9.90 g/dm3, and alpha-amine nitrogen content of 85.48 mg/100 g ensures, and it can be used as a vegetable base of a fermented beverage. It was found that, during fermentation of emmer hydrolysate, Lb. acidophilus BZ-AB lowers the pH level of the mixture to 4.5 ±0.1 for 5 hours, Lpb. plantarum B4 and Lilb. fermentum B28 – for 6 and 8 hours, accordingly, and a mixture of Lpb. plantarum B4 + Lilb. fermentum B28 in a ratio of 1:1 – for about 5.5 hours. The number of all the cultures in the fermented emmer flour hydrolysate reached the level of 109 cell/cm3. Mixing Lpb. plantarum B4 and Lilb. fermentum B28 in a ratio of 1:1 leads to an increase in the rate of acid formation and an increase in the number of cells compared with pure cultures commensurate with the indicators of Lb. acidophilus BZ-AB, as well as to achieve significantly higher scores of falvour for fermented hydrolysate. It has been established that Lb. acidophilus BZ-AB, Lpb. plantarum B4, and the mixture of Lpb. plantarum B4 and Lilb. fermentum B28 can be used for the fermentation of the plant base from emmer. The mixture of Lpb. plantarum B4 and Lilb. fermentum B28 has the highest biotechnological potential.
"Alcoholic" fermentation of tobacco in oak barrels. Part 2. Quantitative change in chlorogenic acid and its determination by HPLC
Authors:   Pogar Сigarette & Сigar Factory, Moiseev Igor V. , Karmanov Denis A. ,   Pogar Сigarette & Сigar Factory, Leznyy Valerii V. ,   Pogar Сigarette & Сigar Factory, Bondarenko Dmitriy V. ,   Pogar Сigarette & Сigar Factory, Sinchin Gregoriy P. ,   Derbent Brandy Factory
Published: October 2024

We studied a quantitative change in chlorogenic acid (CGA) content in raw tobacco during its fermentation in oak barrels in a gas-liquid medium of cognac distillate for six months. Cuban cigar tobacco of the HP variety was used as the object of research. Quantitative determination of CGA was carried out on a liquid chromatograph with a spectrophotometric detector using the external standard method in gradient elution mode. An external standard of CGA was obtained from green coffee beans by extraction with a 40% aqueous solution of methanol, followed by further treatment of the extract with Carrese solutions and evaporation of the treated extract on a rotary evaporator under vacuum. As a result of chromatography of the external standard, a chromatogram in the form of a double peak was obtained. To analyze the tobacco samples under study, their water-methanol extracts were first obtained using the Soxhlet method. HPLC results showed that the mass fraction of CGA in unfermented tobacco raw materials was 0,29%. In fermented tobacco, the content of CGA was 0,19%, which corresponds to a loss of CGA during fermentation by 42,9%. To identify the possible diffusion of CGA from tobacco raw materials into oak staves, a similar analysis was carried out on 1 mm thick oak chips cut from the inner surface of the barrel before and after the fermentation process. Chromatography results showed the absence of CGA in oak chips cut before tobacco fermentation. The chromatogram of the extract of oak chips cut after fermentation showed a peak corresponding to CGA in an amount of 0,047%. However, the peak shape does not allow to unequivocally state that this peak directly relates to CGA.
Commercialization of The Results of Intellectual Activity Through the Creation of Small Innovative Enterprises in Russian Universities
Authors:   ITMO University, Savchenkov S. A. , Alexandrova D. D. ,   ITMO University
Published: October 2024

The article analyzes the trends in the creation of the results of intellectual activity of universities of the Russian Federa-tion. It is proved that higher educational institutions have great scientific and commercial potential, annually demon-strating the positive dynamics of applications for intellectual property and a high level of development of internal in-novation activities. Schemes of commercialization of the results of intellectual activity through the creation of small innovative enterprises have been developed, recommended for use under various initial conditions and providing the possibility of long-term strategic planning at the stage of creating a small innovative enterprise.