bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Propionamide (C2H5CONH2): The Largest Peptide-like Molecule in Space
Authors: Li 李 Juan 娟 , Wang 王 Junzhi 均智 , Lu 吕 Xing 行 , Ilyushin Vadim , Motiyenko Roman A. , Gou 勾 Qian 茜 , Alekseev Eugene A. , Quan 全 Donghui 冬晖 , Margulès Laurent , Gao 高 Feng 峰 , Lovas Frank J. , Wu 吴 Yajun 亚军 , Bergin Edwin , Li 李 Shanghuo 尚活 , Shen 沈 Zhiqiang 志强 , Du 杜 Fujun 福君 , Li 李 Meng 梦 , Zheng 郑 Siqi 思琪 , Zheng 郑 Xingwu 兴武
Published: September 2021

Peptide bonds, as the molecular bridges that connect amino acids, are crucial to the formation of proteins. Searches and studies of molecules with embedded peptide-like bonds are thus important for the understanding of protein formation in space. Here we report the first tentative detection of propionamide (C2H5CONH2), the largest peptide-like molecule detected in space toward Sagittarius B2(N1) at a position called N1E that is slightly offset from the continuum peak. New laboratory measurements of the propionamide spectrum were carried out in the 9–461 GHz range, which provide good opportunity to check directly for the transition frequencies of detected interstellar lines of propionamide. Our observing result indicates that propionamide emission comes from the warm, compact cores in Sagittarius B2, in which massive protostellars are forming. The column density of propionamide toward Sgr B2(N1E) was derived to be 1.5 × 1016 cm−2, which is three-fifths of that of acetamide, and one-nineteenth of that of formamide. This detection suggests that large peptide-like molecules can form and survive during star-forming process and may form more complex molecules in the interstellar medium (ISM). The detection of propionamide bodes well for the presence of polypeptides, as well as other complex prebiotic molecules in the ISM.
Assessment of Border Patrol Group Ammunition Amount Required for Border Fighting
Authors: Petrovich Gorodnov Viacheslav , Kyrylenko V. , Repilo Yu.
Published: September 2021

he purpose of the article was to assess the amount of ammunition required by the border guard during the battle with the sabotage and reconnaissance group until the arrival of reinforcements. To achieve the goal, a method of mathematical modeling of combat processes in the class of Markov processes with continuous time and discrete states was chosen. As a result, the method made it possible to construct the required models, check their adequacy, due to the found internal law of battle, and evaluate the performance on a specific practical example.
Comparative Analysis of Standardized NATO Requirements for Laboratory Identification of Chemical Agents and Military Technical Means for Its Implementation
Authors: Rozsypal Tomas , Zahradnicek Radim
Published: September 2021

Deployable chemical laboratories are considered a highly specific part of the Armed Forces of the Czech Republic, intended for Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Defence in operations. Their professional activity is determined by a number of scientific and technical requirements, which are formulated by standards for sample identification. To achieve the required degree of credibility, it is particularly important to have specific technical capacities. This instrumentation is crucial for the implementation of laboratory analyzes. The article describes the state of chemical laboratories of the Chemical Corps in the context of standardized requirements and discusses some points of selected Alliance agreements which the Armed Forces of the Czech Republic have signed.
Dynamic Simulation Analysis and Optimization of Firing Rate of Rocket Launchers on Wheeled Vehicles
Authors: Van Bien Vo , Macko Martin , Dung Nguyen Thai , Duy Phon Nguyen , Hai Nguyen Thanh , Tuan Bui Trong
Published: September 2021

The paper presents a method of determining the dynamic parameters of multiple-rocket-launcher system mounted on the wheeled vehicle based on Newton's law of motion. The dynamic simulation was conducted and then the results were compared with the corre-sponding experimental data to verify the reliability of the model. The model was ap-plied in calculation and tested out on multiple-rocket-launcher system B?-21 (of Rus-sia). The theoretical model calculation results are relatively consistent with the meas-ured experimental data. The dependence of the launcher oscillation on the rate of fire was investigated, which determined the optimal rate of fire for each launcher. These results are used to evaluate the firing stability of the launcher when firing individual shots and firing bursts. This is an important theoretical basis which can be a reference for designers in the design process of improvement, manufacture, exploitation and use of a launcher mounted on the wheeled vehicle.
Calculation Method Modification of Spare Parts Quan-tity to Restore Operability of Weapon Systems
Authors: Openko Pavlo , Mirnenko V. I. , Turin V. V. , Myronuk M. Yu. , Doska O. M. , Bulay A. M.
Published: September 2021

The article proposes a methodical approach to calculating the number of spare parts for weapon systems (WS) combat damage elimination and operability restoration based on criteria of minimization of spare parts cost, meeting the requirements of the spare parts, tools, supplies and materials, as well as timeliness of damaged WSs repair. The main points of the methodological approach (mathematical formalization of the task, basic calculation ratios, stages and order of calculation of spare parts stocks) are represented with a simplified scheme of the calculation of spare parts to ensure WS combat damage elimination and operability restoration. Probability of sufficiency and developed mathematical model for its calculation are used as a sufficiency indicator of spare parts to ensure WS combat damage elimination and operability restoration.
Rossellid glass sponges (Porifera, Hexactinellida) from New Zealand waters, with description of one new genus and six new species
Authors: Reiswig Henry M. , Dohrmann Martin , Kelly Michelle , Mills Sadie , Schupp Peter J. , Wörheide Gert
Published: September 2021

New Zealand’s surrounding deep waters have become known as a diversity hotspot for glass sponges (Porifera: Hexactinellida) in recent years, and description and collection efforts are continuing. Here we report on eight rossellids (Hexasterophora: Lyssacinosida: Rossellidae) collected during the 2017 RV Sonne cruise SO254 by ROV Kiel 6000 as part of Project PoribacNewZ of the University of Oldenburg, Germany. The material includes six species new to science, two of which are assigned to a so far undescribed genus; we further re-describe two previously known species. The known extant rossellid diversity from the New Zealand region is thus almost doubled, from nine species in five genera to 17 species in eight genera. The specimens described here are only a small fraction of hexactinellids collected on cruise SO254. Unfortunately, the first author passed away while working on this collection, only being able to complete the nine descriptions reported here. The paper concludes with an obituary to him, the world-leading expert on glass sponge taxonomy who will be greatly missed.
Éthique de l’iconophilie
Authors: Maffesoli Michel
Published: September 2021

Résumé Le monde social est imprégné d’images qui fécondent la socialité et impactent notre expérience où l’on constate une véritable esthétisation de la vie quotidienne. Cette esthétisation est le signe d’une épiphanie du réel avec la centralité de l’iconophilie qu’il faut entendre comme l’émergence de signes comme le frivole, l’apparence, l’émotionnel, qui façonnent l’imaginaire social et structurent un hédonisme du quotidien fondé sur les communions émotionnelles.
Toward a Theory of a Brown Televisual Imaginary
Authors: Aldama Frederick Luis , Nericcio William Anthony
Published: September 2021

Cet article présente la première histoire approfondie des Latinos dans les émissions de télévisions à grand public. Il archive les représentations volontairement erronées des Latinos de Speedy Gonzales jusqu’aux séries actuelles comme Modern Family . En même temps, il fournit également une feuille de route à travers une histoire de la représentation médiatisée des Latinos qui rompt les stéréotypes en fondant des reconstructions volontaires et nuancées des subjectivités et des expériences des Latinos. Nous prenons comme exemple ici les émission télé d’antan telles que CHiPs  and  Chico and the Man ainsi que les émissions d’aujourd’hui comme Cristela, Orange Is the New Black.
Social neuroscience and narrative consciousness
Authors: Pecchinenda Gianfranco
Published: September 2021

Bien que la sociologie ait pour objet l'analyse du comportement humain, elle a toujours eu une attitude ambivalente avec certains concepts clés pour ce genre d'analyse. L'un des exemples les plus significatifs est celui de la conscience. D'une part, la centralité de ce concept pour l'analyse sociologique est démontrée par la diffusion de son utilisation, tant chez les auteurs classiques que chez les auteurs contemporains ; d'autre part, une définition claire et partagée de celui-ci est considérée comme hors de question, car il ne peut être réduit aux méthodes empiriques de scientificité qui prévalent encore dans la sociologie contemporaine. L'essai propose une approche alternative possible qui, stimulée par l'influence des neurosciences et des sciences cognitives, peut conduire à une nouvelle approche de l'étude sociologique de la conscience
Aesthetic avant-gardes and new media
Authors: Anatoliyivna Musiyenko Anna
Published: September 2021

Cet essai explore l'évolution de la relation entre l'esthétique et les médias dans l'environnement social de la métropole. L'esthétique, historiquement conçue comme le domaine de l'art, redécouvre sa nature techno-esthétique et se déplace dans le domaine social en se liant à la vie quotidienne. Les nouveautés des processus créatifs se manifestent dans les domaines de la photographie, de la mode et de la sérialité, qui testent les capacités d'élaboration de la sensibilité humaine et montrent la coïncidence entre la vie et les médias.
La nostalgie et le plaisir dans Mad Men
Authors: Natale Noemi
Published: September 2021

Notre réflexion, à travers la sélection et l’analyse des scènes les plus significatives de la série Mad Men , vise à mettre en évidence la relation de plus en plus intime qui s’établit entre le récit et le spectateur également par le biais de la nostalgie qui s’avère être la contrepartie du plaisir . La figure du personnage de Don Draper et le rôle de la publicité ont permis d’analyser la figure de l’homme traqué, mythe qui se situe entre la fin du XIX e  siècle, et l’outil conceptuel du système mimétique. Enfin, reprenant le sentiment de nostalgie et du plaisir, il a été fait référence aux théories de Campbell et à la figure de l’hédoniste moderne.
A case study of management and disposal of TENORMs: radiological risk estimation by TSD Dose and RESRAD-ONSITE
Authors: Giacobbo Francesca ,   Nuclear Engineering Division, Department of Energy, Politecnico di Milano, P.za Leonardo Da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy, Da Ros Mirko , Macerata Elena , Mossini Eros
Published: September 2021

Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORMs) and Technologically Enhanced NORMs (TENORMs) are among the principal sources of radiation exposure for humans and for the environment. Therefore, the assessment of the impact of NORMs and TENORMs waste on human health is a key issue for their management and for acceptance of disposal sites. The radiological doses to workers and public due to TENORMs disposal depend on the waste inventory, on the usage of the site during operational activities and post closure phase and on the presence of dwelling areas in the vicinity of the disposal site. In the present study it is presented a methodology to preliminary assess the feasibility of a disposal of TENORMs, mainly constituted by phosphate sludges, originated from phosphoric acid industry activities. The hypothetical case study here presented is inspired by a real case study. Different possible scenarios have been considered. The potential doses to workers and to the public on-site have been estimated by the use of the TSD Dose and the RESRAD on-site codes both during the production life cycle of the site and once it ended. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate the impact of some key parameters, such the coverage thickness and wind velocity, on potential risk for workers and public.
Why there is water scarcity
Authors: Iaccarino Maurizio ,   Former Assistant Director General for Science at UNESCO, Paris, France,   Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A Buzzati-Traverso", CNR, 111 Via Pietro Castellino, 80131 Naples, Italy
Published: September 2021

During the Neolithic period very few humans (3 to 5 million) lived on Planet Earth. As described in this review, there was an excess of water to support the life of these people. After the advent of agricultural practices, the number of people, as well as the production of food, increased very much and, as a consequence, large amounts of water became necessary to support this development. The availability of water is still in large excess as compared to the needs. The lack of water is the consequence of the lack of the appropriate infrastructures required to transport water to the places where it is needed. People need water in the right places at the right moment. They ask their governments to provide it, but the answers are not satisfactory. The actions needed are at the level of improving the irrigation, the distribution of water, the growth of more efficient vegetables and many similar initiatives. What is needed is a plethora of concerted actions that require national and international initiatives. The answer is an "international" action, not an "intergovernmental" one.
Linear Bayesian equilibrium in insider trading with a random time under partial observations
Authors: Xiao Kai ,   School of Mathematical Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China, Zhou Yonghui ,   School of Big Data and Computer Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
Published: September 2021

In this paper, the insider trading model of Xiao and Zhou (Acta Mathematicae Applicatae, 2021) is further studied, in which market makers receive partial information about a static risky asset and an insider stops trading at a random time. With the help of dynamic programming principle, we obtain a unique linear Bayesian equilibrium consisting of insider's trading intensity and market liquidity parameter, instead of none Bayesian equilibrium as before. It shows that (i) as time goes by, both trading intensity and market depth increase exponentially, while residual information decreases exponentially; (ii) with average trading time increasing, trading intensity decrease, but both residual information and insider's expected profit increase, while market depth is a unimodal function with a unique minimum with respect to average trading time; (iii) the less information observed by market makers, the weaker trading intensity and market depth are, but the more both expect profit and residual information are, which is in accord with our economic intuition.
Algorithm for frequency capture and rectification in a low-orbit satellite IoT communication network
Authors: Shen Jie ,   State Grid Jibei Zhangjiakou Wind and Solar Energy Storage and Transportation New Energy Co., Ltd, China, Liu Hanming , Wang Jing , Jia Xia ,   Hebei Province Wind and Solar Energy Storage Combined Power Generation Technology Innovation Center, China,   Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 1000876, China
Published: September 2021

In satellite communication systems, due to relative motion between satellites and that between satellites and the ground, the resulting Doppler frequency offset adversely affects communication synchronization. In this research, Doppler frequency offset compensation and phase offset compensation method eliminate the influence of the Doppler effect on synchronization. The proposed algorithm divides frequency estimate into two steps, coarse and precision. Finally, the corresponding frequency offset and phase offset compensation are performed. The simulation results show that the demodulated output results after frequency offset and phase offset compensation agree well with the original modulation data, indicating that the algorithm is valid and accurate.
The Size‐Power Tradeoff in HAR Inference
Authors: Lazarus Eben , Lewis Daniel J. , Stock James H.
Published: September 2021

Heteroskedasticity‐ and autocorrelation‐robust (HAR) inference in time series regression typically involves kernel estimation of the long‐run variance. Conventional wisdom holds that, for a given kernel, the choice of truncation parameter trades off a test's null rejection rate and power, and that this tradeoff differs across kernels. We formalize this intuition: using higher‐order expansions, we provide a unified size‐power frontier for both kernel and weighted orthonormal series tests using nonstandard “fixed‐b” critical values. We also provide a frontier for the subset of these tests for which the fixed‐bdistribution istorF. These frontiers are respectively achieved by the QS kernel and equal‐weighted periodogram. The frontiers have simple closed‐form expressions, which show that the price paid for restricting attention to tests withtandFcritical values is small. The frontiers are derived for the Gaussian multivariate location model, but simulations suggest the qualitative findings extend to stochastic regressors.
An Empirical Model of R&D Procurement Contests: An Analysis of the DOD SBIR Program
Authors: Bhattacharya Vivek
Published: September 2021

Firms and governments often use R&D contests to incentivize suppliers to develop and deliver innovative products. The optimal design of such contests depends on empirical primitives: the cost of research, the uncertainty in outcomes, and the surplus participants capture. Can R&D contests in real‐world settings be redesigned to increase social surplus? I ask this question in the context of the Department of Defense's Small Business Innovation Research program, a multistage R&D contest. I develop a structural model to estimate the primitives from data on R&D and procurement contracts. I find that the optimal design substantially increases social surplus, and simple design changes in isolation (e.g., inviting more contestants) can capture up to half these gains; however, these changes reduce the DOD's own welfare. These results suggest there is substantial scope for improving the design of real‐world contests but that a designer must balance competing objectives.
Location as an Asset
Authors: Bilal Adrien , Rossi-Hansberg Esteban
Published: September 2021

The location of individuals determines their job and schooling opportunities, amenities, and housing costs. We conceptualize the location choice of individuals as a decision to invest in a “location asset.” This asset has a current cost equal to the location's rent, and a future payoff through better job and schooling opportunities. As with any asset, savers in the location asset transfer resources into the future by going to expensive locations with high future returns. In contrast, borrowers transfer resources to the present by going to cheap locations that offer few other advantages. Holdings of the location asset depend on its comparison to other assets, with the distinction that the location asset is not subject to borrowing constraints. We propose a dynamic location model and derive an agent's mobility choices after experiencing income shocks. We document the investment dimension of location and confirm the core predictions of our theory using French individual panel data from tax returns.
An Axiomatic Model of Persuasion
Authors: Jakobsen Alexander M.
Published: September 2021

A sender ranks information structures knowing that a receiver processes the information before choosing an action affecting them both. The sender and receiver may differ in their utility functions and/or prior beliefs, yielding a model of dynamic inconsistency when they represent the same individual at two points in time. I take as primitive (i) a collection of preference orderings over all information structures, indexed by menus of acts (the sender's ex ante preferences for information), and (ii) a collection of correspondences over menus of acts, indexed by signals (the receiver's signal‐contingent choice(s) from menus). I provide axiomatic representation theorems characterizing the sender as a sophisticated planner and the receiver as a Bayesian information processor, and show that all parameters can be uniquely identified from the sender's preferences for information. I also establish a series of results characterizing common priors, common utility functions, and intuitive measures of disagreement for these parameters—all in terms of the sender's preferences for information.
A Projection Framework for Testing Shape Restrictions That Form Convex Cones
Authors: Fang Zheng , Seo Juwon
Published: September 2021

This paper develops a uniformly valid and asymptotically nonconservative test based on projection for a class of shape restrictions. The key insight we exploit is that these restrictions form convex cones, a simple and yet elegant structure that has been barely harnessed in the literature. Based on a monotonicity property afforded by such a geometric structure, we construct a bootstrap procedure that, unlike many studies in nonstandard settings, dispenses with estimation of local parameter spaces, and the critical values are obtained in a way as simple as computing the test statistic. Moreover, by appealing to strong approximations, our framework accommodates nonparametric regression models as well as distributional/density‐related and structural settings. Since the test entails a tuning parameter (due to the nonstandard nature of the problem), we propose a data‐driven choice and prove its validity. Monte Carlo simulations confirm that our test works well.
A Model of Scientific Communication
Authors: Andrews Isaiah , Shapiro Jesse M.
Published: September 2021

We propose a positive model of empirical science in which an analyst makes a report to an audience after observing some data. Agents in the audience may differ in their beliefs or objectives, and may therefore update or act differently following a given report. We contrast the proposed model with a classical model of statistics in which the report directly determines the payoff. We identify settings in which the predictions of the proposed model differ from those of the classical model, and seem to better match practice.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROPERTIES OF ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS: RECYCLED LDPE COMPOSITES FILLED BY BLAST FURNACE DUST
Authors: Kayili Merve Tuna , Celebi Gülser
Published: September 2021

This study focused on creating a sustainable composite material using blast furnace dust of the iron-steel industry and plastic wastes of the plastic industry in order to reduce the embodied energy of the material and generate more sustainable material. In this study, varying amounts of blast furnace dust (BFD), which is the primary iron-steel industry waste and which is used as filler for recycled low-density polyethylene (LDPE), was mixed to create the composite material. The embodied energy, emissions to water and air (volatile organic compounds) of BFD filled LDPE composites were determined. It was found that the composite materials had less embodied energy compared with polymer-based flooring materials such as epoxy, polyurethane (PU) and polyvinylchloride (PVC). In addition, it was determined that the composite material did not release emissions to water and have fewer total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs). These results showed that the produced composite material could be used in buildings as a sustainable floor coating material, thus saving raw materials and supporting indoor air quality and recycling.
AN INVESTIGATION BY THE BEP-TR METHOD OF THE EFFECT OF OBSTRUCTION ANGLE PARAMETER ON LIGHTING ENERGY PERFORMANCE AND DAYLIGHT SUPPLY
Authors: Sümengen Özlem , Özömer Melike
Published: September 2021

Following the EN 15193, 2008 Energy Performance in Buildings Regulation in the European Union Member States, a comprehensive calculation can be made on lighting energy performance and daylight effect. This improved model accounts for Turkey’s “BEP-TR” (“Regulation on Energy Performance in Buildings”). In the present study, the effect of the obstruction angle parameter of buildings on lighting energy consumption and daylight provided is examined through a sample hotel project by the BEP-TR calculation method. This study investigates the effect of daylight on lighting energy performance alternatives that were produced according to the height, building distance variations (causing obstruction angle), and the correlation between annual lighting consumption values, daylight supply factor, and obstruction parameters. Accordingly, the current study aims to develop a method to assist zoning regulations, building intervals, and height decisions by determining specific ratios between obstruction parameters, daylight supply factor and lighting energy consumption values. Results of this study clearly show that obstruction parameter variables affect both the daylight supply factor and annual lighting energy significantly.
INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY IN THE JORDANIAN CONTEXT: INFLUENCE ON OCCUPANTS’ SATISFACTION
Authors: Ali Hikmat H. , Alazzeh Sally A. , Sharif Ahlam A.
Published: September 2021

The applicability of building rating systems has gained attention for achieving indoor environmental quality. Considering the wider internationalized recognition of LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) and other rating systems, the case of Jordan provides a sense of particularity in consideration to its rather recent history in acknowledging these progressive standards. Utilizing a mixed approach based on paired comparisons between local LEED and non-LEED certified buildings, this research paper explores the level of satisfaction pertaining to Indoor Environmental Quality of building occupants. While it touches on the generality of such satisfaction, it proceeds to unpack and investigate how it resonates with the sustainability of the building measured through various means. The research outcomes reflected an overall appeal of LEED certified buildings and a decent level of comfort of their dwellers. Yet, it conveyed a vague, rather sporadic relation when comparing the subjective perception to the objective measures due to multiple potential reasons. The paper concludes by stressing the need for further appropriation of international environmental codes to better suit the local context. It lays a reliable foundation for further research, utilizing more case studies and exploring the applicability of rating systems in Jordan.
ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS FOR CAMPUS OUTDOOR SPACE: A MICROCLIMATE ANALYSIS OF THE EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN UNIVERSITY (EMU) CAMPUS
Authors: Fuladlu Kamyar
Published: September 2021

Open spaces—whether public, urban, or part of a campus—offer a variety of activities and opportunities to people. Therefore, open spaces should be considered a vital component of any built-up area and designed to meet the needs and address the comfort of potential users. Because of their presence in daily life and their preponderance of characteristics, open spaces have drawn the attention of many researchers, designers, and planners with varying perspectives. The current study takes a scientific approach to analyzing the environmental parameters of the Campus Outdoor Space (COS) in the case of the Eastern Mediterranean University (EMU). An extensive literature review supported the identification of seven important environmental parameters effective in the microscale analysis of a COS: geographical location, meteorological situation, urban form, surface materials, amount of vegetation and watershed, and anthropogenic pollution. Analysis of the environmental parameters called for a hybrid method that included a detailed field survey and the following set of simulations: sun-path, radiation, sky view factor, and turbulence analysis. The accuracy of the field survey directly contributed to the effectiveness of the simulations. Grasshopper® 3D software and Computational Fluid Dynamics were used to simulate the conditions of the EMU study area. The outcomes show that the spatial organization, building forms, and building orientation negatively affect the COS of EMU. In the Mediterranean climatic region of EMU, shade and flowing breezes greatly enhance comfort and usability of outdoor spaces from April to October. The massive form of buildings and minimal planning for effective building orientation to the sun increased heat storage capacity and neglected prevailing winds, resulting in flow separation and formation of eddies on the leeward side of buildings. These negatively influenced the microclimate, and thereby user comfort, at the core of the EMU’s main COS.
ENHANCING THE DAYLIGHT AND ENERGY PERFORMANCE OF EXTERNAL SHADING DEVICES IN HIGH-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN DENSE URBAN TROPICS
Authors: Jayaweera Nadeeka , Rajapaksha Upendra , Manthilake Inoka
Published: September 2021

This study examines the daylight and energy performance of 27 external shading scenarios in a high-rise residential building in the urban tropics. The cooling energy, daytime lighting energy and the spatial daylight autonomy (sDA) of the building model were simulated in Rhino3D and Grasshopper simulation software. The best performance scenario (vertical and horizontal shading on the twentieth floor, horizontal shading only for the eleventh floor and no shading for the second floor) satisfied 75 sDA(300lx|50) with corresponding annual enery performance of 16%–20% in the cardinal directions. The baseline scenario, which is the current practice of providing balconies on all floors, reduced daylight to less than 75 sDA on the eleventh and second floor, even though it had higher annual enery performance (19%–24%) than the best performance scenario. Application of the design principles to a case study indicated that 58% of the spaces had over 75 sDA for both Baseline and Best performance scenarios, while an increase in enery performance of 1%–3% was found in the Best performance scenario compared to the Baseline.
Parcours de l’humanisme : Introduction
Authors: Caby Cécile , Revest Clémence
Published: September 2021

L’histoire de l’humanisme à la Renaissance est celle d’une circulation culturelle internationale qui voit le mouvement des « études en humanités », né dans l’Italie du centre-nord au tournant du xve siècle, s’imposer comme un modèle dominant auprès d’une large part des élites occidentales au cours des deux siècles suivants. Si les échanges de lettres et de livres ont assurément été un vecteur essentiel de déploiement, il convient aussi de lire ce phénomène à la lumière de la mobilité, surtout professionnelle, des lettrés qui ont adhéré à ces pratiques savantes, en faisant dialoguer histoire intellectuelle et histoire sociale. Ce dossier est ainsi l’occasion de mettre au jour ces dynamiques socioculturelles mêlées, à travers des enquêtes autour de certaines trajectoires d’humanistes ou de certains pôles d’attraction (villes, cours, chancelleries, universités) et réseaux socio-savants, dans une perspective chronologique large (xve-xviie siècle), et d’interroger les modèles de « diffusion » de l’humanisme.
L’humanisme à Lucques (vers 1450-1550) : un mouvement à la croisée des chemins
Authors: Savigni Raffaele
Published: September 2021

L’article analyse l’activité de quelques humanistes de Lucques ou arrivés à Lucques entre le milieu du xve et le milieu du xvie siècle. Il examine en particulier les discours publics de Gian Pietro d’Avenza, de Giovanni Bartolomeo Carminati, de Niccolò Tegrimi ou d’autres discours anonymes conservés dans quelques manuscrits. Sont ainsi reconstruits le rôle central joué par Tegrimi et les maîtres appelés à enseigner les lettres grecques et latines à Lucques (Gian Pietro d’Avenza, Giovanni Bartolomeo Carminati, Aonio Paleario) mais aussi le réseau des relations culturelles reliant Lucques à d’autres villes italiennes et au royaume d’Angleterre, à partir des années 1440.
Le parcours de Denis Lambin (1519-1572), précurseur de la « Slow Science » ?
Authors: Quillien Astrid
Published: September 2021

Denis Lambin (1519-1572) offre un parcours intéressant, et la méthode qu’il élabore patiemment, au service d’éditions très réputées, n’est pas sans rappeler les revendications actuelles des tenants de la Slow Science. Issu d’un milieu artisan, il connaît plusieurs périodes de formation en France et en Italie, aux cours desquelles il développe un large et précieux réseau, avant de devenir « lecteur royal » à Paris – à plus de 40 ans. Ses célèbres éditions (Horace, Cicéron, Lucrèce…) datent toutes des dix dernières années de sa vie et sont le fruit du travail patient d’un philologue soucieux d’offrir à ses étudiants et à ses lecteurs – quitte à « lambiner » – le meilleur du savoir de son temps.
A EXPERIÊNCIA QUE REVELA
Authors: Oliveira Marta Regina Furlan de Oliveira , Pestana Guiomar Gomes Pimentel dos Santos
Published: September 2021

Esse texto tem o objetivo principal de analisar e refletir a respeito das imagens geradas pela indústria cultural e o processo semiformativo de professores de educação infantil e anos iniciais do ensino fundamental à luz da Teoria Crítica de Sociedade. A indústria cultural evoca visualidades que revelam a fragilidade na capacidade de “leitura” de imagens pelos indivíduos, consequentemente faz nosso olhar voltar para o território da educação da infância e do processo semiformativo docente. A metodologia, de cunho teórico e bibliográfico, pauta-se nos fundamentos da Teoria Crítica de Sociedade em Theodor W. Adorno, Max Horkheimer e Walter Benjamin, pensadores da primeira geração da Escola de Frankfurt e, demais estudiosos da teoria. Como possibilidade de resistência, o ensaio sinaliza em direção a uma formação pautada na experiência enquanto tomada de posição humana contra esse estado de barbárie, e em um ensino de Arte provocador de reflexões críticas diante da diversidade de imagens e estereotipias, em favor do próprio ser humano autônomo e livre.
BEM-TE-QUERO – UMA PROPOSTA DE INTERVENÇÃO PARA UMA PARENTALIDADE COMPETENTE
Authors: Soares Sara Pacheco , Tavares Sara , Amen Joana , Caldeira Suzana Nunes
Published: September 2021

Este artigo apresenta o Programa Bem-Te-Quero, uma proposta de intervenção no âmbito da prevenção primária dirigida a pais de crianças dos zero aos dezoito meses. Resulta da experiência de profissionais da psicologia que intervêm com famílias em situação de precariedade social, conjugada com a de profissionais que trabalham com crianças em situação de risco e perigo e, ainda, profissionais do meio académico. Concetualmente o Bem-Te-Quero fundamenta-se em premissas consolidadas na literatura, sublinhando-se duas: o reconhecimento da importância da primeira infância enquanto etapa fundamental para o desenvolvimento e para que cada um se torne num adulto funcional, participativo e responsável; as intervenções centradas nas famílias e nas suas funções facilitarem a capacidade de mudança daquelas, no sentido de as tornar mais competentes, recetivas e ativas em prol dos seus membros e das dinâmicas entre eles.
REPRESENTAÇÕES SOCIAIS SOBRE ENSINO E APRENDIZAGEM DE MATEMÁTICA IDENTIFICADAS NAS PRODUÇÕES CIENTÍFICAS BRASILEIRAS DESENVOLVIDAS NO PERÍODO DE 2014-2018
Authors: Souza Simone de , Yaegashi Solange Franci Raimundo , Rojas Carlos Andrés Barco , Gasparin João Luiz
Published: September 2021

Partindo do pressuposto de que as representações sociais produzidas ativamente pelos sujeitos são suportes às suas ações, buscamos no mapeamento de dissertações e teses brasileiras, produzidas entre 2014 e 2018 e disponibilizadas pela CAPES, as representações sobre o ensino e a aprendizagem da Matemática. Para tanto, destacamos o aporte teórico adotado nas produções científicas, o processo de ensino-aprendizagem concentrado nos alunos e professores, e também a matemática escolar e seus desdobramentos. Ficou evidente que a matemática ainda é representada socialmente de forma negativa como um conhecimento difícil, destinado a poucos, reduzida a cálculos, que emana medo, nervosismo e desinteresse. Também é associada ao mau desempenho escolar, a professores mal preparados, carência de docentes e precarização do trabalho; a falta de compromisso e dedicação aos estudos; a participação da família e o fator econômico determinantes das condições de dedicação pelos estudantes. As condições de formação de licenciados em Matemática são identificadas como precárias e dicotômicas entre teoria e prática; assim como há memórias de professores enquanto eram alunos que influenciam em suas práticas como docentes.
O ESTADO-AVALIADOR E SUAS INFLUÊNCIAS NAS POLÍTICAS DE PRODUÇÃO ACADÊMICA BRASILEIRA
Authors: Trevisan Amarildo Luiz , Dias Evandro Dotto , Ferrão Iara da Silva
Published: September 2021

O Estado, na visão de Agamben, atualmente é considerado um órgão sistematizado e estruturado em um arcabouço de poder biopolítico, respondendo às nuances do mercado capitalizado, no qual se preconiza a instrumentalidade de um padrão de conhecimento competitivo e utilitário. Nesse sentido, deslocado da imprescindível relação com a formação cultural de cada nação e suas nuances sociais originárias. As humanidades podem contribuir com esse debate, perguntando pelas finalidades e horizontes que se pretende atingir com essa luta.Se este é um modelo único e intransponível de avaliação, ou se é possível pensar outras metas para evitar a barbárie social e competitiva entre pesquisadores, programas de pós-graduação e universidades? Além disso, qual significado das pesquisas e ideias imersas nesse contexto, sobre quem realmente vence no sistema avaliativo-econômico e o preço para os que se adaptam aos seus interesses.  A partir da ideia de formação cultural e da reflexão sobre a relação de reconhecimento do outro a liberdade acadêmica pode buscar significado na relação crítico-social e colaborativa. Nesse contexto, busca suas relações e verdades e não a determinação reificada nas relações de exercício profissional e produção do conhecimento.
UNIVERSIDADE-FORMAÇÃO-PESQUISA
Authors: Araújo Osmar Hélio Alves , Fortunato Ivan , Medeiros Emerson Augusto de
Published: September 2021

Este artigo foi escrito na forma de um manifesto, no qual se apresentam três aforismos para discutir sobre a relação tripartida Universidade-Formação-Pesquisa. O primeiro aforismo indica que a Universidade não deve se curvar ao mercado de trabalho e seus pressupostos neoliberais, mas, antes deve promover uma educação ampla, mas não utilitária. No segundo aforismo, discute-se o erro de que a formação universitária intelectual faz com que alguém se torne simbolicamente superior aos que não tiveram acesso ao ensino universitário. No terceiro e último aforismo, apresenta-se a pesquisa desinteressada como elemento fundante da Universidade como instituição de transformação cultural/social/humana. Ao final, espera-se promover novas e mais densas reflexões sobre o sentido mais complexo da Universidade como instituição de formação humana.
Barriers to dietary modifications for people living with type 2 diabetes in a rural indigenous Guatemalan community
Authors: Wilson Julia , Svenson James , Duffy Sean , Schmidt Jessica
Published: September 2021

In Guatemala, the prevalence of diabetes continues to increase with a disproportionate burden falling on indigenous rural communities. In this study, we assessed barriers to making dietary modifications for people living with type 2 diabetes in a rural indigenous Guatemalan population. Structed interviews (n=32) were conducted with participants selected from a convenience sample of adults with type 2 diabetes living in villages in and around San Lucas Tolimán, Guatemala. Frequencies were calculated for closed-ended questions and content analysis was used to evaluate open-ended questions. Most participants (81%) were women with low-levels of formal education and average daily food expenditure of just over $1 USD. The majority of participants were able to identify foods important in a diabetic diet, however, with significant barriers to making dietary modifications. Commonly cited perceived barriers included high costs of food due to travel and storage, inadequate local access to fresh fruits and vegetables and incompatibility with traditional diet. Several structural and cultural barriers exist to prevent dietary modifications for people living with type 2 diabetes in this rural indigenous population.
Paradoxical role of oxygen in the treatment of patients with COVID-19
Authors: Maharana Biswajit , Chakraborty Pallab , Rackimuthu Sudhan , Baig Rusab , Kadakia Shreeji
Published: September 2021

Dear Editor,Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) was declared a pandemic by WHO on 11 March 2020 and has adversely affected human society and disrupted global health...
SUDOSCAN in Combination with the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument Is an Effective Tool for Screening Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Oh Tae Jung , Song Yoojung , Jang Hak Chul , Choi Sung Hee
Published: September 2021

Background: Screening for diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is important to prevent severe foot complication, but the detection rate of DPN is unsatisfactory. We investigated whether SUDOSCAN combined with Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI) could be an effective tool for screening for DPN in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in clinical practice.Methods: We analysed the data for 144 people with T2DM without other cause of neuropathy. The presence of DPN was confirmed according to the Toronto Consensus criteria. Electrochemical skin conductance (ESC) of the feet was assessed using SUDOSCAN. We compared the discrimination power of following methods, MNSI only vs. SUDOSCAN only vs. MNSI plus SUDOSCAN vs. MNSI plus 10-g monofilament test.Results: Confirmed DPN was detected in 27.8% of the participants. The optimal cut-off value of feet ESC to distinguish DPN was 56 μS. We made the DPN screening scores using the corresponding odds ratios for MNSI-Questionnaire, MNSI-Physical Examination, SUDOSCAN, and 10-g monofilament test. For distinguishing the presence of DPN, the MNSI plus SUDOSCAN model showed higher areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) than MNSI only model (0.717 vs. 0.638, P=0.011), and SUDOSCAN only model or MNSI plus 10-g monofilament test showed comparable AUC with MNSI only model.Conclusion: The screening model for DPN that includes both MNSI and SUDOSCAN can detect DPN with acceptable discrimination power and it may be useful in Korean patients with T2DM.
Early indicators of high disease severity in imported falciparum malaria and their implications for supportive therapy
Authors: Hoffmeister Bodo
Published: September 2021

Background & objectives: In imported falciparum malaria various life-threatening complications involving multiple organ systems can ensue rapidly and unpredictably. Early recognition of high disease severity is mandatory to provide optimal care, thereby reducing mortality. However, validated tools allowing precise assessment of disease severity are unavailable for imported malaria. This study aimed to identify indicators of high disease severity apparent on admission.

Methods: Fifty-four adult cases of severe imported falciparum malaria treated between 2001 and 2015 on various intensive care units of the Charité University Hospital, Berlin, were retrospectively grouped according to their admission coma-acidosis malaria (CAM) score. The association of sociodemographic and clinical parameters with disease severity was assessed by multivariable logistic regression.

Results: Nineteen female (35%) and 35 male (65%) patients (median age: 44 years) were enrolled. The admission CAM score was 0 in n=24, 1 in n=15, 2 in n=10, 3 in n=3, and 4 in n=2 subjects. Thus, 5 patients (9.3%) had a predicted mortality risk of >20%. Higher maximum heart rates (p=0.002), lower baseline haematocrit (p<0.001), increased oxygen demand (p<0.001), and infiltrates on the admission chest X-ray (p=0.019) were independently associated with higher disease severity in multivariable analysis.

Interpretation & conclusion: In addition to the prognostic key parameters metabolic acidosis and impaired consciousness reflected by the CAM score, symptoms of respiratory distress and shock as well as profound anaemia help identify patients with highest disease severity. These indicators may guide clinicians to prompt targeted interventions at the earliest possible stage and may thus help improving survival.
Can the nutritional condition of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients influence the dyspnea severity and quality of life?
Authors: Ruby Dina
Published: September 2021

Background and objective

Nutritional impairment is a frequent issue in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and has a negative effect on both morbidity and mortality. Therefore, this study was designed to explore the nutritional condition of stable COPD patients and to investigate their influence on dyspnea severity and quality of life (QoL).

Patients and methods

This case–control study was done on 100 stable COPD patients greater than or equal to 65 years old and 80 healthy controls who visited the outpatient clinic of El Demerdash Hospital between January 2019 and December 2019. All patients underwent spirometry and finished the Arabic version short form of the ‘mininutritional assessment’ test. Their dyspnea severity and QoL were also assessed.

Results

The patients were divided into three groups according to short form of the ‘mininutritional assessment’ test results: well-nourished (n=24, 24%), at risk of malnutrition (n=31, 31%), and malnourished (n=45, 45%). About 90.6% of malnourished patients had dyspnea grade 4; their mean score of COPD assessment test was 36 and they also had the lowest values of spirometric parameters.

Conclusion

About 45% of stable COPD patients were malnourished; they had a high sensation of dyspnea (higher modified Medical Research Council dyspnea grade) and poorer QoL (high COPD assessment test score).
Detection of hidden fungal infection in different respiratory diseases
Authors: Abdelaal Gehan A. , Khalil Fatma O.
Published: September 2021

Background

Fungal infections of the respiratory system are down estimated, and the correct burden is unknown [1]. Invasive fungal infections are associated with high mortality rates of >50% [2].

Aim of the work

To reveal hidden fungal infection associated with different respiratory diseases. Patients and methods Different sample (sputum, BAL, tissue biopsy, and endotracheal aspirate) were taken from 40 patients with different respiratory diseases and clturured on media for fungal culture and sensitivity.

Results

Fungal colonization is present in 29 (72.5%) cases with different pulmonary diseases with nonspecific symptoms or radiology except with halo sign with higher incidence in COPD, lung abscess and blood malignancies. It has nonsignificant relation to age, sex and sample type. It is associated with neutrophilia, lymphopenia with nonsignificant relation to CRP. Neutrophilic lymphocytic ratio has sensitivity 79.3 and specifity 63.6 in detection of fungal infection.

Conclusion

hidden noninvasive fungal colonization is present in different respiratory diseases with affection on morbidity and mortality.