bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unmet Needs of Siblings of Pediatric Stem Cell Transplant Recipients
Authors: Pentz Rebecca D. , Alderfer Melissa A. , Pelletier Wendy , Stegenga Kristin , Haight Ann E. , Hendershot Kristopher A. , Dixon Margie , Fairclough Diane , Hinds Pamela
Published: April 2014

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

In 2010, the Bioethics Committee of the American Academy of Pediatrics issued recommendations that pediatric hematopoietic stem cell donors should have an independent advocate. Formulating appropriate guidelines is hindered by the lack of prospective empirical evidence from families about the experience of siblings during typing and donation. Our aim was to provide these data.

METHODS:

Families with a child scheduled to undergo hematopoietic stem cell transplant were recruited. All family members, including children aged 9 to 22 years, were eligible. Qualitative interviews were conducted within 3 time periods: pretransplant, 6 to 8, and 9 to 11 months posttransplant. Quantitative scales assessing decision satisfaction and regret were administered at time 2.

RESULTS:

Thirty-three families were interviewed. Of the 119 family members, 76% perceived there was no choice in the decision to HLA-type siblings; 77% perceived no choice in sibling donation; 86% had no concerns about typing other than needle sticks; and 64% had no concerns about donation. Common concerns raised were dislike of needle sticks (19%), stress before typing results (14%), and fear of donation (15%). Posttransplantation, 33% of donors wished they had been given more information; 56% of donors stated they benefited from donation. Only 1 donor expressed regret posttransplant.

CONCLUSIONS:

Most family members did not view sibling typing and donation as a choice, were positive about the experience, and did not express regrets. We recommend education for all siblings before typing, comprehensive education for the donor by a health care provider pretransplant, and systematic donor follow-up after transplantation.
United States Birth Weight Reference Corrected For Implausible Gestational Age Estimates
Authors: Talge Nicole M. , Mudd Lanay M. , Sikorskii Alla , Basso Olga
Published: April 2014

OBJECTIVES:

To provide an updated US birth weight for gestational age reference corrected for likely errors in last menstrual period (LMP)-based gestational age dating, as well as means and SDs, to enable calculation of continuous and categorical measures of birth weight for gestational age.

METHODS:

From the 2009–2010 US live birth files, we abstracted singleton births between 22 and 44 weeks of gestation with at least 1 nonmissing estimate of gestational age (ie, LMP or obstetric/clinical) and birth weight. Using an algorithm based on birth weight and the concordance between these gestational age estimates, implausible LMP-based gestational age estimates were either excluded or corrected by using the obstetric/clinical estimate. Gestational age– and sex-specific birth weight means, SDs, and smoothed percentiles (3rd, 5th, 10th, 90th, 95th, 97th) were calculated, and the 10th and 90th percentiles were compared with published population-based references.

RESULTS:

A total of 7 818 201 (99% of eligible) births were included. The LMP-based estimate of gestational age comprised 85% of the dataset, and the obstetric/clinical estimate comprised the remaining 15%. Cut points derived from the current reference identified ∼10% of births as ≤10th and ≥90th percentiles at all gestational weeks, whereas cut points derived from previous US-based references captured variable proportions of infants at these thresholds within the preterm and postterm gestational age ranges.

CONCLUSIONS:

This updated US-based birth weight for gestational age reference corrects for likely errors in gestational age dating and allows for the calculation of categorical and continuous measures of birth size.
Reducing Unplanned Extubations in the NICU
Authors: Merkel Lori , Beers Kimberly , Lewis Mary M. , Stauffer Joy , Mujsce Dennis J. , Kresch Mitchell J.
Published: April 2014

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Unplanned extubation can be a significant event that places the patient at risk for adverse events. Our goal was to reduce unplanned extubations to <1 unplanned extubation per 100 patient-intubated days.

METHODS:

All unplanned extubations in the NICU beginning in October 2009 were audited. Data collected included time of day, patient weight, and patient care activity at the time of the event. Bundles of potentially better practices were implemented in sequential Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles. Rates of unplanned extubation (number per patient-intubated day) for each month were analyzed by using control charts, and causes of unplanned extubation were analyzed by using Pareto charts.

RESULTS:

We found a significant decrease in the unplanned extubation rate after implementation of the first bundle of potentially better practices in May 2010 (2.38 to 0.41 per 100 patient-intubated days). Several more Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles were conducted to sustain this improvement. A persistent reduction in the unplanned extubation rate (0.58 per 100 patient-intubated days) began in February 2013. Causes included dislodgement during care and procedures and variation in the fixation of the endotracheal tube. The majority of events occurred in very low birth weight infants during the daytime shift.

CONCLUSIONS:

Unplanned extubations in the NICU can be reduced by education of staff and by implementing standard practices of care. Sustainability of any practice change to improve quality is critically dependent on culture change within the NICU. We suggest that the benchmark for unplanned extubation should be a rate <1 per 100 patient-intubated days.
Patient- and Family-Centered Care Coordination: A Framework for Integrating Care for Children and Youth Across Multiple Systems
Authors:   COUNCIL ON CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES and MEDICAL HOME IMPLEMENTATION PROJECT ADVISORY COMMITTEE, Turchi Renee M. , Antonelli Richard C. , Norwood Kenneth W. , Adams Richard C. , Brei Timothy J. , Burke Robert T. , Davis Beth Ellen , Friedman Sandra L. , Houtrow Amy J. , Kuo Dennis Z. , Levy Susan E. , Wiley Susan E. , Kalichman Miriam A. , Murphy Nancy A. , Cooley W. Carl , Jeung Joan , Johnson Beverly , Klitzner Thomas S. , Lail Jennifer L. , Lindeke Linda L. , Mullins Amy , Partridge Lee , Schwab William , Stille Christopher , Waldron Debra , Wells Nora , Sia Calvin
Published: April 2014

This Policy Statement was reaffirmed April 2023.

Understanding a care coordination framework, its functions, and its effects on children and families is critical for patients and families themselves, as well as for pediatricians, pediatric medical subspecialists/surgical specialists, and anyone providing services to children and families. Care coordination is an essential element of a transformed American health care delivery system that emphasizes optimal quality and cost outcomes, addresses family-centered care, and calls for partnership across various settings and communities. High-quality, cost-effective health care requires that the delivery system include elements for the provision of services supporting the coordination of care across settings and professionals. This requirement of supporting coordination of care is generally true for health systems providing care for all children and youth but especially for those with special health care needs. At the foundation of an efficient and effective system of care delivery is the patient-/family-centered medical home. From its inception, the medical home has had care coordination as a core element. In general, optimal outcomes for children and youth, especially those with special health care needs, require interfacing among multiple care systems and individuals, including the following: medical, social, and behavioral professionals; the educational system; payers; medical equipment providers; home care agencies; advocacy groups; needed supportive therapies/services; and families. Coordination of care across settings permits an integration of services that is centered on the comprehensive needs of the patient and family, leading to decreased health care costs, reduction in fragmented care, and improvement in the patient/family experience of care.
Pediatric Anthrax Clinical Management
Authors: Bradley John S. , Peacock Georgina , Krug Steven E. , Bower William A. , Cohn Amanda C. , Meaney-Delman Dana , Pavia Andrew T. ,   AAP COMMITTEE ON INFECTIOUS DISEASES and DISASTER PREPAREDNESS ADVISORY COUNCIL, Krug Steven E. , Chung Sarita , Fagbuyi Daniel B. , Fisher Margaret , Needle Scott , Schonfeld David J. , Brady Michael Thomas , Byington Carrie Lynn , Davies H. Dele , Edwards Kathryn M. , Jackson Mary Anne , Maldonado Yvonne Aida , Murray Dennis , Orenstein Walter A. , Rathore Mobeen H. , Sawyer Mark H. , Schutze Gordon E. , Willoughby Rodney E. , Zaoutis Theoklis
Published: April 2014

This Clinical Report was retired July 2024.

Anthrax is a zoonotic disease caused by Bacillus anthracis, which has multiple routes of infection in humans, manifesting in different initial presentations of disease. Because B anthracis has the potential to be used as a biological weapon and can rapidly progress to systemic anthrax with high mortality in those who are exposed and untreated, clinical guidance that can be quickly implemented must be in place before any intentional release of the agent. This document provides clinical guidance for the prophylaxis and treatment of neonates, infants, children, adolescents, and young adults up to the age of 21 (referred to as “children”) in the event of a deliberate B anthracis release and offers guidance in areas where the unique characteristics of children dictate a different clinical recommendation from adults.
Pediatric Care Recommendations for Freestanding Urgent Care Facilities
Authors:   COMMITTEE ON PEDIATRIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE, Shoo Joan E. , Ackerman Alice D. , Chun Thomas H. , Conners Gregory P. , Dudley Nanette C. , Fuchs Susan M. , Gorelick Marc H. , Lane Natalie E. , Moore Brian R. , Wright Joseph L.
Published: April 2014

This Policy Statement was retired May 2017.

Treatment of children at freestanding urgent care facilities has become common in pediatric health care. Well-managed freestanding urgent care facilities can improve the health of the children in their communities, integrate into the medical community, and provide a safe, effective adjunct to, but not a replacement for, the medical home or emergency department. Recommendations are provided for optimizing freestanding urgent care facilities’ quality, communication, and collaboration in caring for children.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention
Authors: LaBella Cynthia R. , Hennrikus William , Hewett Timothy E. ,   COUNCIL ON SPORTS MEDICINE AND FITNESS, and SECTION ON ORTHOPAEDICS, Brenner Joel S. , Brookes Margaret A. , Demorest Rebecca A. , Halstead Mark E. , Kelly Amanda K. Weiss , Koutures Chris G. , LaBella Cynthia R. , LaBotz Michele , Loud Keith J. , Martin Stephanie S. , Moffatt Kody A. , Schwend Richard M. , Gordon J. Eric , Otsuka Norman Y. , Raney Ellen M. , Shaw Brian A. , Smith Brian G. , Wells Lawrence
Published: April 2014

The number of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries reported in athletes younger than 18 years has increased over the past 2 decades. Reasons for the increasing ACL injury rate include the growing number of children and adolescents participating in organized sports, intensive sports training at an earlier age, and greater rate of diagnosis because of increased awareness and greater use of advanced medical imaging. ACL injury rates are low in young children and increase sharply during puberty, especially for girls, who have higher rates of noncontact ACL injuries than boys do in similar sports. Intrinsic risk factors for ACL injury include higher BMI, subtalar joint overpronation, generalized ligamentous laxity, and decreased neuromuscular control of knee motion. ACL injuries often require surgery and/or many months of rehabilitation and substantial time lost from school and sports participation. Unfortunately, regardless of treatment, athletes with ACL injuries are up to 10 times more likely to develop degenerative arthritis of the knee. Safe and effective surgical techniques for children and adolescents continue to evolve. Neuromuscular training can reduce risk of ACL injury in adolescent girls. This report outlines the current state of knowledge on epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of ACL injuries in children and adolescents.
Psychiatric aspects of child maltreatment
Authors: Kórász Krisztián
Published: April 2014

The paper reviews the epidemiology of child maltreatment, forms of child abuse and possible consequences. British and Hungarian Law, guidelines and the psychiatrist’s roles and responsibilities in relation to assessment of problems and treatment are also addressed in the paper. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(18), 694–702.
Postoperative monitoring of children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
Authors: Benedek Pálma , Kiss Gabriella , Csábi Eszter , Katona Gábor
Published: April 2014

Introduction: Treatment of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is surgical. The incidence of postoperative respiratory complications in this population is 5–25%. Aim: The aim of the authors was to present the preoperative evaluation and monitoring procedure elaborated in Heim Pál Children Hospital, Budapest. Method: 142 patients were involved in the study. Patient history was obtained and physical examination was performed in all cases. Thereafter, polysomnography was carried out, the severity of the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome was determined, and the patients underwent tonsilloadenotomy. Results: 45 patients with mild, 50 patients with moderate and 47 patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome were diagnosed. There was no complication in patients with mild disease, while complications were observed in 6 patients in the moderate group and 24 patients in the severe group (desaturation, apnea, stridor, stop breathing) (p<0.000). In patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, no significant difference was noted in preoperative apnoea-hypapnea index (p = 0.23) and in nadir oxygen saturation values (p = 0.73) between patients with and without complication. Conclusions: Patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome should be treated in hospital where pediatric intensive care unit is available. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(18), 703–707.
Statins and gastrointestinal cancers
Authors: Sági Veronika , Herszényi László , Tulassay Zsolt , Gasztonyi Beáta
Published: April 2014

The antitumour effect of statins has already been proven in animal experiments and human cancer cell lines in several gastrointestinal cancers. The chemopreventive mechanism is not completely clarified but the enhancement of oxidative stress, increased autophagy, altered expression of pro- and antiproliferative proteins and their influence on intracellular signaling pathways may play a role. Randomized studies, however, failed to confirme the expected results obtained from experimental studies. The goal of this review is to summarize the data available in the literature regarding the chemopreventive effects of statins on several gastrointestinal cancers. Results of clinical trials suggest that 10–20 mg statin daily has no or minimal antitumour effect. Chemopreventive effect of hydrophilic statins could not be detected but it seems to be significant in the case of hydrophobic statins. There are only few data available on the long-term daily use of 30–40 mg statins. Further long-term evaluation of the effect of statins regarding gastrointestinal cancers is needed, and an analysis of compound- and dose-related subgroups would be beneficial. Chemoprevention with statins cannot yet be accepted as standard medical practice. Use of statins as chemopreventive agents cannot be a substitute for regular oncological screening or surveillance. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(18), 687–693.
Improving Organic Polymer Solar Cell Efficiency by Increasing Active Layer Organization via PSS and PMMA Channels and Reduced Graphene Oxide
Authors: Isseroff Rebecca , Pan Cheng , Raghubeer Krishana , Davis Noah , Issapou Kaveh , Chen Andrew , Sokolov Jonathan , Rafailovich Miriam
Published: April 2014

Currently, organic photovoltaics are not a viable renewable source of energy in comparison to silicon solar panels because of its low efficiencies, due to its disorganized morphology which leads to charge recombination and an overall loss of energy production. It was hypothesized that simultaneously organizing the morphology and increasing the area of the active sites for exciton dissociation would improve overall efficiency.

Our synthesized gold-graphene (AuRGO) was dispersed in sulfonated polystyrene (PSS) and added to the active layer. We also blended polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) with graphene, which was then incorporated into the active layer. AFM imaging demonstrated that the polymers self-assembled into column structures. Additionally, the AuRGO showed an affinity for both P3HT and the PSS, migrating to the interfaces. Solar simulation results show that both polymer-graphene blends demonstrated enhanced current and efficiency.

The self-organization helped increase the efficiency of both samples, but the AuRGO/PSS had a greater efficiency improvement over the cG/PMMA by 170%. This increase is attributed to the fact that since the AuRGO migrated to the interfaces, the sheet acts as a bridge that improved the electron flow through a connection between the electron donating and accepting materials, improving exciton dissociation and charge transport, and therefore efficiency.
An Alternative Approach for Augmenting the Anterior Maxilla Using Autogenous Free Gingival Bone Graft for Implant Retained Prosthesis
Authors: Ribeiro Cleide Gisele , Bittencourt Thais Camargo , Ferreira Cimara Fortes , Assis Neuza Maria Souza Picorelli
Published: April 2014

Numerous factors may keep surgeons from placing implants in the anterior maxilla in order to avoid suboptimal restorative outcomes. This paper describes a technique of an autogenous-free gingival−bone block graft, which allows bone and gingival augmentation and a primary seal to be achieved simultaneously. Additionally, it describes a technique for achieving primary soft tissue closure of maxillary extraction sockets using a rotated pedicle palatal connective tissue flap.
Fracture Strength of Zirconia and Alumina Ceramic Crowns Supported by Implants
Authors: Traini Tonino , Sorrentino Roberto , Gherlone Enrico , Perfetti Federico , Bollero Patrizio , Zarone Ferdinando
Published: April 2014

Due to the brittleness and limited tensile strength of the veneering glass-ceramic materials, the methods that combine strong core material (as zirconia or alumina) are still under debate. The present study aims to evaluate the fracture strength and the mechanism of failure through fractographic analysis of single all-ceramic crowns supported by implants. Forty premolar cores were fabricated with CAD/CAM technology using alumina (n = 20) and zirconia (n = 20). The specimens were veneered with glass-ceramic, cemented on titanium abutments, and subjected to loading test until fracture. SEM fractographic analysis was also performed. The fracture load was 1165 (±509) N for alumina and 1638 (±662) N for zirconia with a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.026). Fractographic analysis of alumina-glass-ceramic crowns, showed the presence of catastrophic cracks through the entire thickness of the alumina core; for the zirconia-glass-ceramic crowns, the cracks involved mainly the thickness of the ceramic veneering layer. The sandblast procedure of the zirconia core influenced crack path deflection. Few samples (n = 3) showed limited microcracks of the zirconia core. Zirconia showed a significantly higher fracture strength value in implant-supported restorations, indicating the role played by the high resistant cores for premolar crowns.
Mini Implants Supporting Fixed Partial Dentures in the Posterior Mandible: A Retrospective
Authors: Flanagan Dennis
Published: April 2014

Small-diameter, or mini, dental implants have been successfully used to support removable and fixed oral prostheses. These implants impart about twice the per-square-millimeter force on the supporting bone and this should be addressed during treatment planning. In the posterior jaws, bite forces are of a higher magnitude than in the anterior jaws and may induce an overload of the supporting bone and failure of the osseointegration. Thus there should not be occlusal contact in functional excursions that induce off axial loads. The cases presented herein demonstrate that mini dental implants may be used successfully to support fixed partial dentures in mandibular sites in highly selected patients. Attention should be given to the bone density of the site, very slow seating rotation of the implant with intermissions or cooling during insertion, observation of a 4-month healing time, flapless placement, treatment of any existing periodontitis, an insoluble cement, and exclusion of occlusal contact in functional excursions. Importantly, a narrow, rounded occlusal table should be used to minimize off axial loads and an insoluble luting cement should be used to prevent loosening of the crowns due to dissolution of the cement and an overload of the retained implant with any residual cement-retained in the retainer. The implant that supports the cement retained retainer will be subjected to leveraged rotation that may destroy the osseointegration and result in exfoliation of the implant.
Disclosure Decisions Surrounding Permanently Reinvested Foreign Earnings
Authors: Eiler Lisa , Kutcher Lisa A.
Published: April 2014

We examine the determinants of disclosure decisions relating to the unrecognized deferred tax liability on permanently reinvested earnings (PRE). Prior research shows firm value is lower when firms disclose an estimated deferred tax liability for PRE, suggesting investors find this information useful. Since accounting rules provide managers with flexibility in disclosures about the estimated tax liability on PRE, managers may have discretion in the level of transparency related to these disclosures. We find that transparency relating to disclosures about the unrecognized deferred tax liability on PRE is decreasing in the complexity of the tax calculation. We find that disclosure transparency is increasing in the size of the estimated tax liability on hypothetical repatriation of PRE. However, we do not find that disclosure is more transparent when the tax department is more sophisticated or of higher quality. We predict, but do not find, that disclosure transparency is positively related to the overall disclosure environment of the firm.

JEL Classifications: G30.
The Processing Behavior of Liquid Sn/Molten Polyethylene during Internal Mixing
Authors: Zhang G. , Liu T. , Liu X. , Yi Y. , Liu L. , Tan X. , Luo J. , He J. , Ma H. , Lu A. , Deng Z. , Shu Y.
Published: April 2014

In our study, liquid tin (Sn) was mixed with molten polyethylene using an internal mixer; the interfacial tension between the liquid Sn and molten polyethylene was measured using the deformed drop retraction method. The results showed that liquid Sn separated when the Sn content was higher than approximately 2 % by volume because of the interfacial tension of up to 167 mN/m and the 106-fold viscosity difference between the liquid Sn and the molten polyethylene. When Sn separation did not occur, the effects of the mixing time and rotary speed on the degree of mixing and the Sn particle size were analyzed using thermogravimetric analysis and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the effects of mixing time and rotary speed on the degree of mixing and Sn particle size can be combined as the impact of specific energy input. With increasing specific energy input, the degree of mixing initially increased and subsequently remained constant, while the Sn particle size initially decreased and subsequently remained constant. The refinement of the dispersed phase was completed with a low specific energy input, but the homogenization of the dispersed phase required a higher specific energy input to achieve completion, revealing the relationship between distributive mixing and dispersive mixing.
Negative Pressures in Modelling Rotating Polymer Processing Machinery Are Meaningless, But They Are Telling Something
Authors: Goger A. , Vlachopoulos J. , Thompson M. R.
Published: April 2014

In the technical literature, some authors have reported calculation of negative pressures in simulations of twin screw extrusion and other types of processing, without giving any explanations. In the majority publications there is no mention of such meaningless results, even though theoretical considerations indicate that negative pressures could be obtained in the expansion region of drag flows through narrow non-parallel surfaces. The meaningless negative pressures are due to the application of single fluid theory to flow regions where bubbles would form, when the pressure drops below the vapor pressure of the liquid. This has been known for a long time from the study of lubrication bearings and related cavitation phenomena. It is argued that the boundary conditions should be carefully chosen for avoiding results in numerical simulations, which can never be reconciled with experimental pressure data.
The Mechanism of Neck-in Phenomenon in Film Casting Process
Authors: Shiromoto S.
Published: April 2014

In this study, the non-isothermal viscoelastic simulation of the film casting process was carried out. Low-density polyethylene polymerized by a high-pressure process (LDPE) was used for the simulation. The LDPE exhibited strain hardening in elongational viscosity since it has long chain branching. The Phan-Thien/Tanner model, as a constitutive equation of the viscoelastic fluid, and temperature dependence of the Arrhenius law were employed for the simulation to investigate the effect of viscoelasticity on extrusion drawing, so-called neck-in phenomenon. We developed the theoretical model on the basis of deformation type and force balance of a film to recognize the mechanism of the neck-in phenomenon. It was confirmed from a combination of the simulation results and the theoretical model that neck-in was determined by the ratio of planar to uniaxial elongational viscosity rather than the strain hardening nature of a uniaxial elongational viscosity.
Morphology, Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Recycled PC/ABS Blends Processed via Vane Extruder
Authors: Zhao Y. Q. , Liu Q. J. , Guo R. B. , Chen F. Q. , Qu J. P. , Jin G.
Published: April 2014

The melt blends of recycled polycarbonate and recycled poly(acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) were performed by using a novel vane extruder. The morphology, mechanical, and thermal properties of the RPC/RABS blends in the whole composition range were investigated. When the concentration of RABS was 20 wt%, the blend presented the best comprehensive mechanical properties, especially for the impact strength which was significantly improved compared with RPC and RABS individuals. The blend with 90 wt% RABS also presents better mechanical properties compared with the adjacent blending ratio. With the increase of RABS concentration in blends, Tg of the RABS phase decreases slightly, but Tg of the RPC phase increases. The DSC and SEM results indicate that RPC are partial miscible with RABS.
Effect of Compounding Conditions on Static and Dynamic Mechanical Properties of High Density Polyethylene/Ground Tire Rubber Blends
Authors: Formela K. , Cysewska M. , Korol J.
Published: April 2014

Searching for new and cost-effective methods of waste rubber recycling is a subject of research in many scientific centers in the world. In this paper there are presented results of the research of the extrusion process of cheap and environmentally friendly thermoplastic compositions containing 50% wt. of masses of ground tire rubber (GTR). The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the mixing conditions and properties of obtained products, which is important from a technological point of view. The mixing conditions were determined by using two variables: the screw configuration (co-rotating and counter-rotating) and the type of polyethylene. In the case of both variables, thermoplastic compositions were treated with various shear forces induced by screw speed changes. The influence of mixing conditions on the extrusion process was determined (screw torque, melt flow rate) as well as static and dynamic mechanical properties of obtained materials.
Effect of Feeding Strategy on the Mechanical Properties of PP/Recycled EPDM/PP-G-MA Blends
Authors: Mahallati P. , Rodrigue D.
Published: April 2014

In this work, thermoplastic elastomers based on polypropylene (PP) and recycled ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (r-EPDM) blends with polypropylene-graft-maleic anhydride (PP-g-MA) as modifier (0 to 8 wt.%) were prepared by melt compounding via twin-screw extrusion followed by injection molding. In particular, the effects of material composition and feeding strategies were studied. The morphological and mechanical properties of the blends were investigated by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), tensile, flexural, impact, density and hardness tests. The results indicate that good dispersion and compatibility between PP and r-EPDM particles was obtained and that incorporation of r-EPDM leads to significant increase in PP impact strength. Finally, the feeding order of each component in the extruder was found to modify substantially the final morphology of the blend, thus having a direct influence on their mechanical properties.
Does Environmental Pragmatism Shirk Philosophical Duty?
Authors: Pearson Christopher H.
Published: April 2014

Environmental pragmatism is routinely characterised as an environmental philosophy that rejects the traditional values questions within environmental ethics. Critics of environmental pragmatism, in turn, complain that it cannot be characterised as an environmental philosophy, since it evades precisely the philosophical issues with which environmental philosophers are supposed to engage. This essay works to defend environmental pragmatism against the charge that it necessarily evades the central questions of environmental ethics. I argue that environmental pragmatism need not reject foundational questions regarding values and nature; however, I contend that the meaningfulness of such questions to a pragmatist depends firstly on reframing them in terms of a valuing relation, and secondly on a turn to the insights of moral psychology.
Bayley scales of infant and toddler development (bsitd-iii): un contributo alla taratura italiana su un campione di bambini prematuri
Authors: Tallandini Maria Anna , Franco Annalisa , Morsan Valentina
Published: April 2014

Le Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (BSITD-III; Bayley, 2006) costituiscono uno dei test piu ampiamente utilizzato nella valutazione dello sviluppo di bambini da 0 a 3 anni. Non esiste una taratura con campione italiano. Questo lavoro fornisce dati di riferimento per un campione italiano di 67 bambini prematuri (PI), valutati a 12 mesi di Eta Corretta e 66 bambini nati a termine (TI). Le prestazioni dei PI sono state inoltre poste a confronto con i valori standardizzati dei bambini prematuri del campione americano (PA). I PI si differenziano in modo statisticamente significativo dai TI nelle Scale Cognitiva, Motoria e Socio- emozionale, e nelle Sottoscale Produzione Linguistica e Motricita Fine. I PA, invece, si differenziano in modo statisticamente significativo dal loro campione normativo solo per una prestazione inferiore nella Scala Motoria e nella Sottoscala Motricita Fine. Inoltre, i PI hanno una prestazione migliore dei PA nelle scale Cognitiva e Socio-emozionale, e nella sottoscala Linguaggio Recettivo. I PA ottengono punteggi migliori dei PI nella scala Motoria e nella sottoscala Motricita Fine. Questi risultati suggeriscono la necessita di un campione normativo italiano per una valutazione sia dello sviluppo tipico che di quello atipico.
Agostino Gemelli e il problema della localizzazione cerebrale delle funzioni cognitive
Authors: Bartolomeo Paolo
Published: April 2014

Nel 1918, Agostino Gemelli pubblico sulla Rivista di Filosofia Neo-Scolastica da lui diretta un articolo sulla dottrina delle localizzazioni cerebrali delle funzioni cognitive. Gemelli prende in esame alcuni fatti salienti di questa dottrina e le relative posizioni critiche, che rinviano a una concezione piu integrata del funzionamento del sistema nervoso, ispirata dalle teorie del suo maestro Camillo Golgi. Ripercorriamo qui brevemente la storia delle localizzazioni cerebrali dalla frenologia a Paul Broca e gli altri pionieri della neuropsicologia nella seconda meta dell'Ottocento. Si riassumono poi le considerazioni di Gemelli nell'articolo del 1918 e si rileva la loro attualita nella tensione della ricerca contemporanea tra processi di segregazione e di integrazione funzionale nel sistema nervoso centrale.
Una pagina della storia delle scienze della parola nell'archivio dell'università cattolica: il ruolo di Agostino Gemelli (1878-1959)
Authors: Galazzi Enrica
Published: April 2014

La nutrita corrispondenza (scientifica, tecnica e istituzionale) relativa agli studi di fonetica di Agostino Gemelli conservata presso l'Archivio dell'Universita Cattolica di Milano costituisce un patrimonio storico di notevole interesse per ritracciare il costituirsi di un ambito disciplinare (la fonetica) in Italia e nel mondo. Dagli scambi epistolari (solo parzialmente esplorati) emergono la statura internazionale dello studioso e il ruolo pionieristico delle ricerche condotte nel suo Laboratorio. I materiali possono altresi contribuire a far luce sui rapporti tra intellettuali americani e europei nella seconda meta del ventesimo secolo.
Chemi- vs physisorption in the radical functionalization of single-walled carbon nanotubes under microwaves
Authors: Mamane Victor , Mercier Guillaume , Abdul Shukor Junidah , Gleize Jérôme , Azizan Aziz , Fort Yves , Vigolo Brigitte
Published: April 2014

The effect of microwaves on the functionalization of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) by the diazonium method was studied. The usage of a new approach led to the identification of the strength of the interaction (physical or chemical) between the functional groups and the carbon nanotube surface. Moreover, the nature (chemical formula) of the adsorbed/grafted functional groups was determined. According to thermogravimetric analysis coupled with mass spectrometry and Raman spectroscopy, the optimal functionalization level was reached after 5 min of reaction. Prolonged reaction times can lead to undesired reactions such as defunctionalization, solvent addition and polymerization of the grafted functions. The strength (chemi- vs physisorption) of the bonds between the grafted functional groups and the SWNTs is discussed showing the occurrence of physical adsorption as a consequence of defunctionalization after 15 min of reaction under microwaves. Several chemical mechanisms of grafting could be identified, and it was possible to distinguish conditions leading to the desired chemical grafting from those leading to undesired reactions such as physisorption and polymerization.
DOES MULTINATIONAL OWNERSHIP AFFECT FIRM SURVIVAL IN ITALY?
Authors: Ferragina Anna Maria , Pittiglio Rosanna , Reganati Filippo
Published: April 2014

The aim of this paper is to investigate whether and how multinational status and foreign ownership affect the survival of Italian manufacturing and service firms. To this end, we analyze firm survival by distinguishing Italian firms as foreign multinationals (FMNEs) domestic multinationals (DMNEs) or domestic non-multinational firms (NMNEs). The empirical analysis is based on the Kaplan-Meier survival estimator and on the Cox proportional hazard model, in which we look for the impact of ownership dummies on firm survival, controlling for several firm and industry specific covariates. Our findings reveal that manufacturing and service firms owned by foreign multinationals are more likely to exit the market than either DMNEs or NMNEs. Moreover, DMNEs show a higher chance of survival in services. By decomposing firm activities into different technological classes, we also find that foreign ownership still exerts a negative influence on firm survival in both static and dynamic industries, while domestic multinationals in less-knowledge-intensive services appear more persistent.
PERCEPTION OF ODD PRICES IN A POST-SOVIET COUNTRY: AN IMPACT OF THE IDEOLOGY OF PLANNED ECONOMY
Authors: Dikcius Vytautas , Katkuviene Kristina
Published: April 2014

This empirical paper analyzes the perception of odd prices in a Post-Soviet country. Two different streams of perception of odd prices are developed – a level effect and an image effect. The paper focuses on the latter effect. The authors analyze the perception of odd prices in different categories of products – convenience goods, clothes and domestic appliances. In addition, four different levels of a price were used in order to measure the perception of a price having various price levels. The results showed that Lithuanians have a different attitude about odd prices compared with the research in developed countries. At the same time the survey showed that the respondents’ experience related to odd prices fits the results of the research from developed countries. Moreover, the participants of the survey intuitively perceived odd prices as something negative and associated odd prices with cheating in the case of convenience products, or with discounted products in the case of shopping goods. This research demonstrates that companies should not practice nine-ending pricing widely since the respondents associated odd prices were preferred more in the case of cheap products (up to 10 LTL) than expensive products, and odd prices were related with discounted products in the case of shopping goods.
ORGANIZATIONAL SLACK EFFECTS ON INNOVATION: THE MODERATING ROLES OF CEO TENURE AND COMPENSATION
Authors: Mousa Fariss-Terry , Chowdhury Jaideep
Published: April 2014

This study draws on upper echelons theory, the resource based view, and Penrose's theory of firm growth to show that slack resources, specifically financial and human slack, are essential to the research and development (R&D) strategies of organizations. We also suggest that both Chief Executive Officer (CEO) tenure and CEO compensation positively moderate the slack-innovation relationship. The empirical design compromised of panel regression analysis. We tested our hypotheses using all US publicly traded firms between 1993 and 2011. The research results show that firms with excess financial resources are more likely to have higher R&D investments, and to completely understand this relationship we must study CEO tenure and compensation. This study sheds light on central antecedents of firm innovation, it further extends our understanding by investigating the impact of CEO tenure and compensation on the slackinnovation relationship, and it applies a longitudinal design which answers previous calls to investigate this topic in more depth by offering enhanced stability to the results while allowing for different economic scenarios.
A HYBRID LINGUISTIC FUZZY MULTIPLE CRITERIA GROUP SELECTION OF A CHIEF ACCOUNTING OFFICER
Authors: Keršulienė Violeta , Turskis Zenonas
Published: April 2014

In the preceding decade, economic and social costs brought by financial statement fraud have shaken markets, devastated investment portfolios and reduced confidence in financial reporting. A financial department is special in the way it needs to conform to standards. Many individual attributes considered for the selection of a chief accounting officer, such as organisational skills, personality, leadership etc. This paper focuses on a fuzzy multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) algorithm, which integrates the principles of fusion of fuzzy information, additive ratio assessment method with fuzzy numbers (ARAS-F), fuzzy weighted-product model and analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The proposed method is apt to manage information assessed using both linguistic and numerical scales in a decision making problem with a group of information sources. The computational procedure is illustrated through the problem related to the selection of a chief accounting officer.
The Encyclopedia of Life v2: Providing Global Access to Knowledge About Life on Earth
Authors: Parr Cynthia S. , Wilson Nathan , Leary Patrick , Schulz Katja , Lans Kristen , Walley Lisa , Hammock Jennifer , Goddard Anthony , Rice Jeremy , Studer Marie , Holmes Jeffrey , Corrigan, Jr. Robert
Published: April 2014

The Encyclopedia of Life (EOL, http://eol.org) aims to provide unprecedented global access to a broad range of information about life on Earth. It currently contains 3.5 million distinct pages for taxa and provides content for 1.3 million of those pages. The content is primarily contributed by EOL content partners (providers) that have a more limited geographic, taxonomic or topical scope. EOL aggregates these data and automatically integrates them based on associated scientific names and other classification information. EOL also provides interfaces for curation and direct content addition. All materials in EOL are either in the public domain or licensed under a Creative Commons license. In addition to the web interface, EOL is also accessible through an Application Programming Interface.

In this paper, we review recent developments added for Version 2 of the web site and subsequent releases through Version 2.2, which have made EOL more engaging, personal, accessible and internationalizable. We outline the core features and technical architecture of the system. We summarize milestones achieved so far by EOL to present results of the current system implementation and establish benchmarks upon which to judge future improvements.

We have shown that it is possible to successfully integrate large amounts of descriptive biodiversity data from diverse sources into a robust, standards-based, dynamic, and scalable infrastructure. Increasing global participation and the emergence of EOL-powered applications demonstrate that EOL is becoming a significant resource for anyone interested in biological diversity.
Evolution des représentations maternelles après une psychothérapie brève centrée sur la parentalité durant la période périnatale
Authors: Pellet Maeva , Nanzer Nathalie
Published: April 2014

Cet article décrit la qualité des représentations maternelles chez 34 femmes consultant un service pédopsychiatrique ambulatoire durant la période périnatale (T1). Il questionne également l’évolution de ces représentations après une psychothérapie centrée sur la parentalité (PCP) (T2). Cette approche, dérivée des thérapies brèves mère-bébé, vise justement à modifier les représentations conflictuelles liées à la parentalité et, par-là, à réduire l’anxiété et la dépressivité caractéristiques de la période périnatale. Nous décrivons les représentations maternelles concernant l’enfant, le conjoint, la propre mère et l’image d’elle-même en tant que mère, et les corrélons au degré d’anxiété et de dépression à T1 et à T2.
Redistribution territoriale des perspectives de croissance des budgets locaux après la réforme de la fiscalité locale des entreprises
Authors: Guengant Alain
Published: April 2014

La réforme de la fiscalité locale des entreprises redistribue à grande échelle les perspectives de croissance des ressources et des budgets des collectivités territoriales. Le remplacement de l’investissement par la valeur ajoutée dans l’assiette fiscale des entreprises et la réaffectation des taxes sur les ménages déplacent le potentiel fiscal des territoires industriels vers les territoires de services et les territoires résidentiels. La réforme opère également une redistribution, inter et intra-catégorielle, du pouvoir fiscal. L’autonomie fiscale disparaît pour les régions, recule pour les départements et demeure stable pour le bloc communal mais avec une redistribution interne de grande ampleur.
Identification of phase α —C4AH13 in the accelerated hydratation of a Portland type and clase of clinker
Authors: Sagrera J. L.
Published: April 2014

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One more statement about the expansion of cement
Authors: Calleja José
Published: April 2014

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The influence of different granulometric sizes on the Blaine surface specifically, and the mechanical resistance of Portland cement
Authors: Rezóla Izaguirre Julián
Published: April 2014

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Cement, that great unknown quantity. The influence of cement in the uniformity of the resistance of concrete
Authors: Herrero Núñez E.
Published: April 2014

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Standardization of cement. Notes and explanations about the reelaboration of the German Cement Standards DIN 1164; June 1970 edition
Authors: Wischers G.
Published: April 2014

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Simple procedures for determining the consistency and relation water/ cement of fresh concrete as well as the water content of the aggregates
Authors: Nischer P.
Published: April 2014

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Considerations on the accelerated resistance testing of cement
Authors: Calleja José
Published: April 2014

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Laboratory Investigations of the Estimation of Expansive Clays
Authors: Schellmann W. , Fastabend H.
Published: April 2014

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Quantitative Analysis of the Mineralogical Stages of the Clinkers of Portland Cement. Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis, by Infrared Spectroscopy of the Mineralogical Stages of the Clinker of Portland Cement
Authors: Käsner Bernd , Henning Otto
Published: April 2014

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A Contribution to the Study of the Mechanics of Formation of Ettringita During the Plastic Period of the Cement Paste
Authors: Fernández París J. M.
Published: April 2014

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Stamps on the Cement Industry from the Four Corners of the World
Authors: Leonard A. G.
Published: April 2014

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«A posteriori» Determination of the Mixing Proportions of Concrete with Calcareous Aggregates
Authors: Von Heinz Pisters -
Published: April 2014

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Table of Plastic Materials Usable in Construction
Authors: Rechner L. , De Zaluski F.
Published: April 2014

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Applications of an IBM 1800 computer to Spanish cement plants
Authors: Puig Montraveta Juan
Published: April 2014

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Cycles in rotary kiln systems
Authors: Ritzmann H.
Published: April 2014

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Contribution to the study of specific energy consumption in grinding materials of the cement industry according to the essay by F. C. Bond
Authors: Moreno Arus Fernando , Pérez Alonso Julio
Published: April 2014

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Recent research on methods of testing resistance against ice
Authors: Editorial Equipo
Published: April 2014

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Gypsum burning in one or several phases by suspension in a hot gas
Authors: Steinkuhl J. , Wiechmann O. , Moldan K.
Published: April 2014

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Automatic control of raws at a cement plant equipped with X ray analyser and a process computer
Authors: Puig Montraveta Juan
Published: April 2014

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Correction of abnormal setting of a hydraulic cement with additives
Authors: De Luxán M. P. , Vázquez Moreno T.
Published: April 2014

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Methods for the determination of silicilic acid with anhydrous acetic acid, calcium and magnesium oxide with complexon III in hydraulic cements
Authors: Fanjul J.
Published: April 2014

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Evaluation of compression tests of site concrete
Authors: Sharma R. C.
Published: April 2014

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Determination of hemihydrated and dehydrated gypsum content in cement by means of thermal analysis
Authors: Ruiz de Gauna A.
Published: April 2014

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Atomic absorbtion spectrophotometer and minicomputer raws control and correction
Authors: García Gil J. M. García Gil , Pamplona Roca A.
Published: April 2014

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Some technical aspects of town water fluoration
Authors: Galán F. J.
Published: April 2014

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