bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Machineology as a conceptual basis for the formation of a mining engineering scientific platform
Authors: Glushchenko V V
Published: November 2019

The subject of research is mining machineology as a methodological basis of a scientific platform in mining engineering. The object of research is a scientific platform in mining engineering. The purpose of the work is to increase the efficiency of mining engineering methods. As a result of the study, the importance of mechanical engineering for the formation of a scientific platform in mining mechanical engineering is revealed. The obtained results contribute to increasing the effectiveness of scientific and innovative activities. The result of an innovative project in mining engineering was achieved, taking into account the increased efficiency of using the results of scientific research.
Assessment of the impact of quarry design on the production efficiency and subsequent development of man-made workings
Authors: Kosolapov A I , Ptashnik Yu P , Ptashnik A I
Published: November 2019

The article presents the formation of man-made workings in the context of conditions of urbanization of modern society. It also studies the changes in the volume and complexity of mining operations by technological processes, depending on the shape of the designed open pit side in its ultimate position.
Justification of technological parameters for underground mining of gas-bearing coal beds prone to spontaneous combustion
Authors: Meshkov S A
Published: November 2019

The article presents results of the numerical studies of aerodynamic processes in excavated sections of coal mines. The effect of the ventilation and degassing schemes and their parameters on the oxygen content and a danger of spontaneous coal combustion are described. The influence of geological and mining factors on the endogenous fire hazard of the coal bed prone to spontaneous combustion is analyzed. It is recommended to reduce endogenous fire hazards of mining flat gas-bearing coal beds of the Kuznetsk coal basin.
Mathematical model of a plain bearer lubricated with molten metal
Authors: Mukutadze M A , Vasilenko V V , Mukutadze A M , Opatskikh A N
Published: November 2019

The article describes the equation of the flow of incompressible lubricating fluid with micropolar properties for a “thin layer”, the continuity equation, the Darcy equation and the energy dissipation rate formula for determining function F(θ) caused by the molten surface of the bearing sleeve coated with molten metal of the bearing asymptotic solution according to the thermal parameter K. Using the exact solution for the zeroth and first approximations, speed and pressure fields in the lubricant and porosity layers and basic performance characteristics were determined.
Using the heat pump in a combined sintering machine
Authors: Osintsev K V , Tregubova M V , Perekopnaya Y A , Prikhodko Iu S
Published: November 2019

The continuous sintering machine is designed for sintering small fractions of iron ores. Also, this unit allows you to remove harmful impurities from the ore. The exhaust gases have a fairly high temperature. The heat of these gases can be used in various processes. The article proposes to use gases with a temperature above the temperature of the atmospheric air as a source of heat for a heat pump. With a certain design and technological scheme, this method of utilization can be used as a basic technological platform for the organic Rankine cycle. In addition, the circuit can be transformed into a cold supply circuit.
Improvement of operational planning for shunting service on non-public railway lines
Authors: Nechay T. , Roganov V. , Zhashkova T. , Chirkina M. , Lavendels J. , Korop G.
Published: November 2019

This article describes the problems, which arise when planning the shunting work on industrial railway transport, as well as suggests the ways of solving them. There are special feature specified here, which differentiate the shunting work at enterprises from the work, performed by the main transport. The necessity has been revealed and explained for the development of an automated software system, which will allow objectively evaluating the operational situation and choosing the most suitable option for performing the shunting work. There are basic optimization techniques described, which are used in the software product developed, as well as their importance and necessity has been substantiated. The main methods include: improvement with the help of registering the radii and curvature radii and curves of traffic areas; consideration of dependence of fuel consumption by shunting locomotives from the execution modes of shunting half-runs and the availability of time reserves; route selection depending on its length, the number of railroad switches, speed restrictions and travel time. Combination of existing methods of improving the shunting work with new proposals in one software package will allow receiving a convenient tool, assisting in operational planning, as well as in the identification of traffic bottlenecks and their management strategies. Computerization and automation of transport processes will have a positive impact on the development of connecting tracks and will help to improve the interrelation of the industrial and main line.
The algorithm of optimization of parameters of a dual-mass electromechanical system of manipulators
Authors: Savosteenko N V , Semenova M S , Semenova K D , Maksimov N M
Published: November 2019

This article deals with the optimization criteria for a dual-mass electromechanical system, the choice of which is made according to three generalized parameters: the frequency of the mechanical resonance of a single-mass system, the electromechanical time constants of the electric motor and the working mechanism. In addition, a technique was developed for selecting the gear ratio of the gearbox.
Surface quality of the plasma cermet coatings after grind finishing
Authors: Zverev E A , Skeeba V Yu , Vakhrushev N V , Lobanov D V , Martyushev N V
Published: November 2019

The paper presents the study results of the grind finishing effect on the surface quality of cermet wear-resistant coatings obtained by plasma spraying of mechanical mixtures. The main component for the formation of mixtures was alumina with additions of nickel or cobalt powders. The sprayed compositions surface analysis indicates the structure specificity of cermet coatings. The presented typical images of topographies and profilograms of the investigated compositions surfaces show that coatings of nickel-ceramic mixtures have an acceptable level of roughness after grind finishing.
Wettability and formation conditions of reservoirs
Authors: Malyarenko A M , Bogdan V A , Kotenev Yu A , Mukhametshin V Sh , Umetbaev V G
Published: November 2019

The analysis of the relation between the wettability of mineral substance, the porosity and permeability properties of the rock and the nature of the distribution of hydrocarbons was made based on the core samples of the BS-1 and BS-2 productive strata of the Surgut oil and gas field. It was proposed to study the association of hydrophobic, hydrophilic, and mixed groups of collectors to different facies.
Models for combining facilities and resources of renewable energy in the process of cogeneration
Authors: Alabugin A A , Liu Z , Ji R , Wang T
Published: November 2019

The possibilities of the author’s methodology for managing the integration of resources and the imbalance of the goals of technological development of complex systems for studying the processes of combining objects and cogeneration of several types of energy are revealed. The object of research is a set of objects using a combination of traditional and renewable energy resources, and the subject is a mechanism for controlling the combination of objects and resources under the conditions of cogeneration of several types of energy. On the basis of the economic and mathematical model, mathematical and methodological problems were solved, which confirmed the increase in controllability of energy and environmentally efficient processes and the synergistic effect of combining objects and resources for the cogeneration of several types of energy.
Experimental estimation of specific heat of combustion of agglomerated peat fuel
Authors: Kokonkov A A , Lyah D D , Ivanov S L , Stroykov G A , Ivanova P V
Published: November 2019

Nowadays, the development of remote regions of Russia related to energy security is increasingly relevant. Existing production technologies have a significant anthropogenic impact on the environment. To reduce the negative consequences of this impact, it is necessary to develop complexes of mining equipment capable of complex processing of excavated peat-wood raw materials and prepare them for further operations on the production of finished products. The article describes a chipping machine for preparing peat-wood mix for molding into briquettes. A description of the experiment on the calorimetric installation of the company IKA model C200, based on the estimation of the calorific value of agglomerated fuel from peat-wood raw materials, is given. It is shown that peat briquettes do not significantly differ in their calorific value from peat briquettes, and at the same time, they have greater strength compared to the latter.
The use of drive turbine cooling systems based on renewable energy sources
Authors: Osintsev K V , Tregubova M V , Perekopnaya Y A , Prikhodko Iu S
Published: November 2019

The mechanical energy of the turbine is converted into electric energy by means of a rotating magnetic field of the rotor in the stator. The voltage and current in the rotor windings create a thyristor excitation system. The generator on the shaft of the central turbine usually has problems with cooling the turbine. The progress of turbine construction mainly depends on the success in solving this problem today. The article describes the main scientific idea of improving the efficiency of electric generators, namely the possibility of using renewable energy sources. For the first time, data on the possibility of using cooling systems based on renewable energy are presented.
Use of geothermal energy from abandoned oil wells
Authors: Gabdrakhmanova K F , Izmaylova G R , Kuleshova L S , Gabdrakhimov V E , Gimaev E V
Published: November 2019

Abandoned oil wells, low-rate oil wells can be used as low-temperature geothermal resources. Geothermal power generation from abandoned wells is a new way to utilize geothermal energy. The paper presents a model for using geothermal energy from abandoned wells. The paper analyzes the use of freon as a main working fluid.
Problems of using tool assemblies in CAM system
Authors: Basova T V , Basova M V
Published: November 2019

This article is devoted to the main problems of using tool assemblies in the CAM system when developing control programs for CNC machines using the example of Siemens NX9 CAM system. One of the main difficulties in developing control programs is the likelihood of mismatching tools in the CAM project and in the cell of the machine shop, and therefore this requires the use of measures to reduce the risk of errors. Using libraries of tool assemblies automates the work of a programmer-technologist due to the availability of ready-made tool models and ensures consistency of cutting conditions between different CAM projects. NX9 has two options for creating an instrumental assembly and their libraries: by manually entering information and using automatic data import. When automatically importing information about a tool, it is necessary to standardize the description of the tool and its components in accordance with certain standards, such as ISO 13399, therefore, without the use of a single standard, creating a tool library is impossible. The example of creating a parametric instrumental assembly by manually entering information demonstrates an increased risk in the event of an error, as well as the need for a complete description of the tool.
High accuracy nondestructive measuring of the thickness of transparent solid and liquid films
Authors: Fedortsov A B , Ivanov A S
Published: November 2019

Polymer nanocomposite films can be made impenetrable to air, light, aromatic substances, steam. This stipulates their wide use for packaging, primarily food products. Such films thickness control is an important technological moment of their manufacturing, and it must be non-contact and non-destructive. Most of films made of nanocomposite polymers are transparent to visible and infrared light. In this article a new method of the data processing aimed to determine the film thickness from the angle dependence of the laser beam reflection coefficient by the film is offered. The offered procedure and the experimental technique realizing it permit to decrease the thickness determination uncertainty to 150 nm while measuring the film thickness in the range from 0,01 mm to 1,0 mm.
Introduction of additional inertial couplings in mathematical models of problems of vibration protection and vibration isolation
Authors: Kargapol’tsev S K , Gozbenko V E , Karlina Yu I , Karlina A I
Published: November 2019

The article considers forced vibrations of a four-axle vehicle with a double spring suspension. The motion of a system with six degrees of freedom can be represented with sufficient accuracy by a system with two degrees of freedom. Therefore, the vehicle body has two degrees of freedom: lateral motion and wabbling, bouncing and pitching of trolleys will be neglected. The total number of degrees of freedom of the model is two. A method that leads to a closed solution for steady-state oscillations is considered. As a result of the research, differential equations of motion of the system were generated and an analytical solution was obtained for the case of application of an external piecewise constant driving force.
Acoustic-emission diagnosis of technical objects based on the information and kinetic approach
Authors: Nosov V V , Grigoriev E V , Pavlenko I A , Gilyazetdinov E R
Published: November 2019

An analysis of trends in the development of resource assessment methods is given, a multi-level information-kinetic approach to acoustic emission diagnostics is described, its methodological relationship with the traditional experimental method of resource assessment is shown. The informative multi-model diagnostic parameters associated with various scale level strength characteristics of structural materials and resource technical objects are given. Examples of resource assessment of welded joints and rolling bearings are considered.
Methods of acoustic emission estimation of nanocharacteristics of the strength of structural and engineering materials of the objects
Authors: Nosov V V , Grigorev E V , Gilyazetdinov E R , Pavlenko I A
Published: November 2019

During the period of production and exploiting of materials, complex physicochemical processes of interaction of their components with each other and with the environment take place. Identifying the mechanisms of this interaction will help to understand its various aspects and to optimize the technological processes of manufacturing materials with desired properties. The solution of this problem can be based on the interpretation of the results of acoustic emission (AE) tests from the standpoint of a multilevel model of the time dependences of the parameters of AE heterogeneous materials.
Modeling and optimization of processes of transportation of heavy cargoes based on the automation of monitoring systems for the motor vehicles movement
Authors: Safiullin R N , Reznichenko V V , Gorlatov D V
Published: November 2019

This article presents the results of a study of the causes of destruction of the roadway. This allowed one to identify the relationship between the movement of heavy trucks and excessive wear of road structures, as well as to develop management and infrastructure solutions to ensure optimal planning of transportation of heavy goods with a view to reduce the impact on roads.
Telecommunication systems of mines and underground structures based on PLC
Authors: Shpenst V A
Published: November 2019

The possible options for the integration of telecommunications and electrical systems of mining enterprises are considered. Based on an analysis of the current state and prospects for the development of telecommunications systems, various technical solutions are proposed for sharing the power supply networks available in mines and underground structures in order to solve the problems of telecommunication, automate process control and ensure the safety of operations. The analysis of the possibilities of applying the PLC technology in underground structures and mines for solving specific telecommunication problems has been carried out, and examples of their possible technical and hardware implementation are given.
Investigation of the state of materials of power lines by multispectral optical-electronic devices
Authors: Shpenst V A
Published: November 2019

This article describes the basic methodological aspects of designing multispectral optoelectronic devices for the remote inspection of overhead power lines. A method for selecting operating spectral areas for these devices was suggested on the basis of the proposed detection criteria. The proposed method considers physical phenomena that occur during the visual inspection and detection of objects. It allows the rational selection of operating areas of a multispectral device, including the number, width, and location of these areas in the optical spectrum. The author determines that effect of the spectral area width on object detection probability can be estimated by the correlation between spectral and integral contrasts. The optimal operating areas for multispectral devices with direct image visualization are selected according to the developed method.
Modern instruments and technologies for measuring random signal characteristics
Authors: Sytko I I
Published: November 2019

Based on modern computer technologies developed by National Instruments, a virtual device has been developed to adjust, control and study noise characteristics of various radio-electronic devices. Examples of distribution laws for random signals based on smoothness or sharpening, asymmetry and uncertainty were provided. It is shown that the method identifies the laws of distribution of random signals in comparison with other methods, and the virtual instrument technology and the electronic device with a data acquisition board monitor the technical state of electronic devices by their noise characteristics.
Energy saving when measuring the flow rate of Russian oil wells
Authors: Davydova O V
Published: November 2019

The paper describes the design of a mobile unit for measuring oil, water and associated gas flowrates. The source of electrical and thermal energy used by the measuring unit is a fuel cell battery which uses associated gas released from the products by means of a separation plant. The autonomous power source allows for saving a significant amount of electricity and makes it unnecessary to lay power supply communications at the initial stage of oil field development.
An integrated approach to strip mining of peat
Authors: Mikhailov A , Zhigulskaya A , Garmaev O
Published: November 2019

The innovative technology of peat extraction promoting power and resource-saving is offered. Completeness and complexity of peat field useful components extraction are provided on the basis of the nature protection principles of rational environmental management. Strip mining is the mining of a relatively flat field. Preparing the area after its drainage involves a basic series of technological procedures: collecting of wood wastes and removing to the storage, deep milling of the top layer; small wood residues collecting and removing to the area; field surface leveling and profiling (7 peat machines). Preparing the area after its drainage with the excavation of the top layer involves another series of technological procedures: collecting of wood wastes and removing to the storage, deep milling of the top layer; collecting and removing to the storage material for the top layer; field surface leveling and profiling (5 peat machines). In the proposed flowsheet with deep peat milling the top layer is loosened and mixed (roots of trees, shrubs, parts of grass and moss vegetation, woodchips, peat of small decomposition degree). Then the whole layer is removed from the peat field for special treatment. For peat production, there is an undisturbed peat deposit surface, clear of a waste layer.
Selection of a rational authentication method for the remote systems of interaction with the vessels
Authors: Karetnikov V V , Butsanets A A , Mitrofanova A V
Published: November 2019

Scientific and technical progress in the development and creation of software and hardware systems has a positive effect on improving the efficiency of water transport operation. The developed systems solve both general and particular tasks. Remote technical condition monitoring systems are used to solve particular problems, for example, to control fuel consumption. The vessels remote control systems are considered as larger ones. Obviously, only wireless means of communication between the remote user (operator) and the vessel are provided in them. The purpose of the paper is to determine a rational approach to ensure the information security for the remote systems of interaction with vessels. The main approaches to ensure the safe use of resources (Password authentication and authentication with one-time passwords, biometric authentication, authentication with a public key, authentication protocols and cryptographic methods) are considered and evaluated by the expert assessments method. Information security threats for the above-mentioned systems of remote interaction with the vessels are highlighted. It has been determined that for remote control systems it is highly expediently to use the cryptography methods with encryption, and for the remote technical condition monitoring such protection is not expedient, but the password authentication (including authentication with one-time password) is sufficient. Further directions of researches will be the elaboration of the specific solutions for selected means of security providing.
Impact assessment of various factors on operational efficiency of ESCP
Authors: Mamchistova E I , Levitina E E , Nazarova N V
Published: November 2019

The application analysis of two systems of maintenance of wells equipped with ESCP in the conditions of Western Siberia is presented in the article. The diagrams of coefficient dependence of technical readiness on time between repairs, failure factor are constructed on the basis of calculations. Recommendations for use of a maintenance and repair system (MRS) are made.
Development of mathematical model of oil and gas wells drilling based on use of energy transmitted to bottom hole
Authors: Spasibov V M , Kyliabin G A , Kozlov V V , Logachev V G
Published: November 2019

A mathematical model of the well deepening process based on use of energy supplied to bottom-hole and used for rock destruction is considered. On the basis of this model, it is possible to obtain partial models for automated control of drilling, as well as a graphical model of technical and technological characteristics of the hydraulic bottom-hole motor (HBM) intended for effective bit drive selection.
On rock deformation during hydraulic fracturing in horizontal wells
Authors: Verisokin A E , Luk’yanov V T , Kutovoy A S , Gun’kina T A
Published: November 2019

The article studies problems of rock deformation during the hydraulic fracturing in horizontal wells. The schemes show stresses acting on the rock during the fracturing. The article analyzes the Prats equation showing that powerful deformation processes can occur during fracturing operations in tectonically active areas. Schemes of deformation processes during the multi-stage hydraulic fracturing and formation fluid selection are presented. The rock mass above the reservoir between the cracks in the unperturbed part is held in zones with initial reservoir pressure (reference zones). The sizes of these zones decrease with an increase in the sizes of the well drainage zones and become destroyed. When the drainage areas are closed, the rock mass moves over the reservoir between the cracks. An increase in the number of hydraulic fracturing stages and a decrease in the distance between fractures can cause seismic manifestations during hydrocarbon production, especially in tectonically active areas.
Simulation of seismic reactions of an energy steam boiler
Authors: Yakovlev P V , Lebedev V A , Cqhurkin I S
Published: November 2019

Energy boilers for seismic impacts are different from other objects. Their individual characteristics are associated with the frame construction and the boilers used pipes of great length. The most important parameter used in the calculation of seismic effects is the damp-ratio. The damp-ratio is different for pipes and frame, and this creates difficulties in performing calculations. The paper proposed a method for taking into account the difference of the damp-ratio and estimated the calculation error in the case of the use of the damp-ratio for the frame when calculating the entire boiler without taking into account the features of pipe damping. According to the results of calculations, the elements with the greatest deformations and the elements with the highest stresses in the metal are identified in the boiler structure.
Potential for the wellbore zone development using the dynamic impact
Authors: Babichev I N , Fattakhov I G , Kuleshova L S , Zaripov L F , Morozov M A
Published: November 2019

To increase the effect of acid formation treatment (increase in production/injectivity, an overhaul period, reduction of costs of geological and technical works), the authors suggest using a dynamic impact on the wellbore zone (WZ) by using acid creating the rinsing effect with the help of swab equipment and an acid aggregate when waiting for the acid reaction. The article aims to analyze the potential for the application of dynamic impacts on the WZ. The differences of the technology from other impact methods were studied. The main parameters of the wells before and after the dynamic WZ treatment were determined using three indicators: a fluid flow rate, an oil flow rate and a water cut rate. The economic effect of the technology was compared with the effect of the clay-acid treatment (CAT) technology and complex vibrational depression chemical effects (CVDCE). The technology can be used at other NGDUs in order to improve the profitability of field development.
Effect of changes in the crank radius on the kinematics of the pumping unit when regulating the dynamic level of the fluid in the well
Authors: Gabzalilova A Kh , Soloviev N N , Garifullina Z A
Published: November 2019

The article deals with the effect of changes in the crank radius on the kinematics of the pumping unit when regulating the dynamic level of the fluid between the tubing strings and the casing in order to increase the well production rate or reduce the accident rate. To improve the quality of prediction, the movement of a polished rod over time is calculated using the Fourier variable separation method: the product of the rocker head of a pumping unit determined as movement of a slider crank mechanism along the straight line (as a circle chord), and the difference of this chord with a length of the circumference equivalent to the movement of the swivel joint of the balancer with a connecting rod. As a result, the accuracy of calculations is increased and the solution of the problem is simplified.
Prediction of production well flow rates using survey data
Authors: Mukhametshin V V , Kuleshova L S
Published: November 2019

The influence of geological and physical properties of the layers determined during geophysical studies on the maximum optimal flow rate of wells was studied for two groups of objects in terrigenous reservoirs of the Cretaceous age of Western Siberia. Multidimensional models were constructed. They allow for prediction of potential flow rates using indirect information when developing deposits in natural modes and using artificial waterflooding. An algorithm for substantiating selective and focal waterflooding, transfer of wells from other horizons and transfer of idle wells into the productive well stock was developed.
Modeling and mathematical evaluation of sidetracked wells operation in Tuymazy oil field
Authors: Petrova L V , Soloviev N N , Miller A F , Almukhametova E M
Published: November 2019

In order to extract residual oil in the Tuymazy Oil Field, sidetracks were drilled from wells that fell out of use to reservoir zones where oil reserves are not yet developed. Enhanced oil field’s recovery is an urgent problem, the solution of which will affect the efficiency of geological exploration production, oil production and the region’s economic potential.
EIPR1 controls dense-core vesicle cargo retention and EARP complex localization in insulin-secreting cells
Authors: Topalidou Irini , Cattin-Ortolá Jérôme , Hummer Blake , Asensio Cedric S. , Ailion Michael
Published: November 2019

Dense-core vesicles (DCVs) are secretory vesicles that package and secrete cargoes like insulin, but how cargo is sorted to DCVs is poorly understood. Here, it is shown that the EARP complex-interacting protein EIPR1 controls insulin secretion and localization of DCV cargo in insulin-secreting cells.
An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study Investigating Self-efficacy and Outcome Expectancy as Mediators of Affective and Physiological Responses and Exercise Among Endometrial Cancer Survivors
Authors: Liao Yue , Song Jaejoon , Robertson Michael C , Cox-Martin Emily , Basen-Engquist Karen
Published: November 2019

Background

Previous studies have shown affective and physiological states in response to exercise as predictors of daily exercise, yet little is known about the mechanism underlying such effects.

Purpose

To examine the mediating effects of self-efficacy and outcome expectancy on the relationships between affective and physiological responses to exercise and subsequent exercise levels in endometrial cancer survivors.

Methods

Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) surveys were delivered up to eight 5- to 7-day periods over 6 months. Participants (n = 100) rated their affective and physiological states before and after each exercise session (predictors) and recorded their self-efficacy and outcome expectancy each morning (mediators). Exercise (outcome) was based on self-reported EMA surveys and accelerometer measures. A 1-1-1 multilevel mediation model was used to disaggregate the within-subject (WS) and between-subject (BS) effects.

Results

At the WS level, a more positive affective state after exercise was associated with higher self-efficacy and positive outcome expectation the next day, which in turn was associated with higher subsequent exercise levels (ps < .05). At the BS level, participants who typically had more positive affective and experienced less intense physiological sensation after exercise had higher average self-efficacy, which was associated with higher average exercise levels (ps < .05).

Conclusions

In endometrial cancer survivors, affective experience after exercise, daily self-efficacy and positive outcome expectation help explain the day-to-day differences in exercise levels within-person. Findings from this study highlight potentials for behavioral interventions that target affective experience after exercise and daily behavioral cognitions to promote physical activity in cancer survivors’ everyday lives.
Discussing age-related functional decline in family medicine: a qualitative study that explores both patient and physician perceptions
Authors: Viret Ophélie , Schwarz Joëlle , Senn Nicolas , Mueller Yolanda
Published: November 2019

Background

evaluating a patient’s functional status and screening for geriatric syndromes by general practitioners (GPs) are increasingly encouraged. This study aimed to explore how older people and GPs define and perceive autonomy and functional decline, patients’ propensity to discuss age-related issues and integration of such topics into routine medical consultations.

Methods

this qualitative study was conducted in Western Switzerland with older people followed in primary care practices and who participated in a trial assessing the effectiveness of a screening and management tool for geriatric syndromes to prevent functional decline. We interviewed 15 participants (patients ≥75 years old) and five GPs about their screening experience. We used semi-structured grids for data collection and an inductive thematic approach for data analysis.

Results

participants gave several definitions of autonomy, directly depending on their health status and functional limitations. Implementing various coping strategies, participants also expressed contrasted feelings related to functional decline such as fear, inability to accept and resilience. Functional decline was often perceived as normal ageing; participants were therefore not prompt at discussing age-related issues with their GP. However, screening was perceived positively by both participants and GPs, making addressing sensitive issues and detecting new problems possible.

Conclusions

a geriatric syndrome-screening intervention was well accepted by both patients and physicians. This type of initiative may be an opportunity to address various age-related issues and to inform patients of existing solutions.
Development of an electronic trigger tool at a children’s hospital within an academic medical center
Authors: Fortenberry Megan , Odinet Johlee , Shah Pooja , McKinzie Cameron , Murphy Kristin , Faircloth Cassidy Beach , Falato Christopher , Pappas Ashley
Published: November 2019

Purpose

To evaluate the validity and reliability of select recommended triggers, defined as flags found on review of the medical record that prompt further investigation to determine the presence or absence of an adverse drug event (ADE), selected from a list initially constructed based on severity, frequency, and detectability of triggers within a pediatric population.

Methods

This was a single-center, retrospective cohort analysis of pediatric patients admitted to University of North Carolina (UNC) Children’s Hospital who received trigger-associated medications between January 2015 and December 2016. Patient-care areas of the emergency department, operating rooms, and post-anesthesia care units were excluded. Trigger-detection encounters were evaluated by two reviewers using pre-established, consensus ADE criteria as determined by a panel of pediatric and medication safety specialists at UNC Medical Center. Events were categorized according to medication-related trigger and analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Results

A total of 3,836 positive triggers were included in this study. For the aggregate 12-part trigger tool package, 1,055 positive ADEs were identified, leading to a positive predictive value (PPV) of 27.5%. A 50% increase from baseline serum creatinine, resulting from co-administration of 2 or more nephrotoxic medications accounted for a total of 3,698/3,836 (96.4%). Incomplete documentation was the leading cause for event exclusion, 8/27 (30%). The triggers with the highest PPV included protamine 4/4 (100%), flumazenil 1/1 (100%), and vancomycin-related events 51/67 (76.1%), respectively. Phenytoin level >30 µg/mL or free level >2.5 µg/mL resulted in the lowest PPV, 1/12 (8.3%).

Conclusion

This study lays the foundation for further studies to develop a robust pediatric trigger tool that may involve developing multi-element triggers, determining sensitivity and specificity of triggers, or mobilizing the trigger tool to an automated system. Trigger tools can be individualized to meet each institutions’ needs and unique patient population.
Canagliflozin-induced Fanconi syndrome in a patient with previously unrecognized type 1 diabetes
Authors: Khan Naseer , Tso Katie , Broussard Joan , Dziuba Monica
Published: November 2019

Purpose

Canagliflozin is a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor which received U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval in 2013 for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Fanconi syndrome is a rare acquired disorder which typically occurs in adults as an adverse effect of medications. The literature includes few case reports of Fanconi syndrome caused by the use of canagliflozin. Here, we present a case of Fanconi syndrome in a patient with type 1 diabetes previously miscategorized as type 2 diabetes.

A 32-year-old woman with a 6-year history of type 2 diabetes was started on canagliflozin. Within 2 months of therapy initiation, she began to develop symptoms of high anion gap metabolic acidosis. Further laboratory test results showed severe life-threatening hypophosphatemia. Further investigation by nephrology revealed the presence of Fanconi syndrome. During the admission, she was found to have clinical and laboratory features of type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes. After discontinuation of canagliflozin, she was treated with intravenous (i.v.) fluids for hydration, subcutaneous insulin, and i.v. potassium phosphate. She recovered from all metabolic acidosis and electrolyte abnormalities.

Conclusion

Fanconi syndrome is a rare, exogenously acquired disorder in adults that often develops as an adverse effect of medication therapy. Our patient presented with Fanconi syndrome as a complication of canagliflozin use for the treatment of presumed type 2 diabetes. She was then started on subcutaneous insulin monotherapy for the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus.
NCutYX: a package for clustering analysis of multilayer omics data
Authors: Teran Hidalgo Sebastian J , Wu Mengyun , Ma Shuangge
Published: November 2019

Multilayer omics profiling has become a major venue for understanding complex diseases. We develop NCutYX, an R package for clustering analysis of multilayer omics data. The package and methods jointly analyze multiple layers of omics measurements and effectively accommodate their regulations. They systematically conduct a series of analysis based on the normalized cut technique, including the clusterings of subjects and omics measurements and biclustering. The package can be valuable for its timely context, novel methods and comprehensiveness.

Availability and implementation

https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/NCutYX/.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
DigestiFlow: from BCL to FASTQ with ease
Authors: Holtgrewe Manuel , Messerschmidt Clemens , Nieminen Mikko , Beule Dieter
Published: November 2019

Management of raw-sequencing data and its pre-processing (conversion into sequences and demultiplexing) remains a challenging topic for groups running sequencing devices. They face many challenges in such efforts and solutions ranging from manual management of spreadsheets to very complex and customized laboratory information management systems handling much more than just sequencing raw data. In this article, we describe the software package DigestiFlow that focuses on the management of Illumina flow cell sample sheets and raw data. It allows for automated extraction of information from flow cell data and management of sample sheets. Furthermore, it allows for the automated and reproducible conversion of Illumina base calls to sequences and the demultiplexing thereof using bcl2fastq and Picard Tools, followed by quality control report generation.

Availability and implementation

The software is available under the MIT license at https://github.com/bihealth/digestiflow-server. The client software components are available via Bioconda.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Cross-lingual semantic annotation of biomedical literature: experiments in Spanish and English
Authors: Perez Naiara , Accuosto Pablo , Bravo Àlex , Cuadros Montse , Martínez-Garcia Eva , Saggion Horacio , Rigau German
Published: November 2019

Motivation

Biomedical literature is one of the most relevant sources of information for knowledge mining in the field of Bioinformatics. In spite of English being the most widely addressed language in the field; in recent years, there has been a growing interest from the natural language processing community in dealing with languages other than English. However, the availability of language resources and tools for appropriate treatment of non-English texts is lacking behind. Our research is concerned with the semantic annotation of biomedical texts in the Spanish language, which can be considered an under-resourced language where biomedical text processing is concerned.

Results

We have carried out experiments to assess the effectiveness of several methods for the automatic annotation of biomedical texts in Spanish. One approach is based on the linguistic analysis of Spanish texts and their annotation using an information retrieval and concept disambiguation approach. A second method takes advantage of a Spanish–English machine translation process to annotate English documents and transfer annotations back to Spanish. A third method takes advantage of the combination of both procedures. Our evaluation shows that a combined system has competitive advantages over the two individual procedures.

Availability and implementation

UMLSMapper (https://snlt.vicomtech.org/umlsmapper) and the annotation transfer tool (http://scientmin.taln.upf.edu/anntransfer/) are freely available for research purposes as web services and/or demos.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Homozygous GRN mutations: new phenotypes and new insights into pathological and molecular mechanisms
Authors: Huin Vincent , Barbier Mathieu , Bottani Armand , Lobrinus Johannes Alexander , Clot Fabienne , Lamari Foudil , Chat Laureen , Rucheton Benoît , Fluchère Frédérique , Auvin Stéphane , Myers Peter , Gelot Antoinette , Camuzat Agnès , Caillaud Catherine , Jornéa Ludmila , Forlani Sylvie , Saracino Dario , Duyckaerts Charles , Brice Alexis , Durr Alexandra , Le Ber Isabelle
Published: November 2019

Homozygous mutations in the progranulin gene (GRN) are associated with neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis 11 (CLN11), a rare lysosomal-storage disorder characterized by cerebellar ataxia, seizures, retinitis pigmentosa, and cognitive disorders, usually beginning between 13 and 25 years of age. This is a rare condition, previously reported in only four families. In contrast, heterozygous GRN mutations are a major cause of frontotemporal dementia associated with neuronal cytoplasmic TDP-43 inclusions. We identified homozygous GRN mutations in six new patients. The phenotypic spectrum is much broader than previously reported, with two remarkably distinct presentations, depending on the age of onset. A childhood/juvenile form is characterized by classical CLN11 symptoms at an early age at onset. Unexpectedly, other homozygous patients presented a distinct delayed phenotype of frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism after 50 years; none had epilepsy or cerebellar ataxia. Another major finding of this study is that all GRN mutations may not have the same impact on progranulin protein synthesis. A hypomorphic effect of some mutations is supported by the presence of residual levels of plasma progranulin and low levels of normal transcript detected in one case with a homozygous splice-site mutation and late onset frontotemporal dementia. This is a new critical finding that must be considered in therapeutic trials based on replacement strategies. The first neuropathological study in a homozygous carrier provides new insights into the pathological mechanisms of the disease. Hallmarks of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis were present. The absence of TDP-43 cytoplasmic inclusions markedly differs from observations of heterozygous mutations, suggesting a pathological shift between lysosomal and TDP-43 pathologies depending on the mono or bi-allelic status. An intriguing observation was the loss of normal TDP-43 staining in the nucleus of some neurons, which could be the first stage of the TDP-43 pathological process preceding the formation of typical cytoplasmic inclusions. Finally, this study has important implications for genetic counselling and molecular diagnosis. Semi-dominant inheritance of GRN mutations implies that specific genetic counselling should be delivered to children and parents of CLN11 patients, as they are heterozygous carriers with a high risk of developing dementia. More broadly, this study illustrates the fact that genetic variants can lead to different phenotypes according to their mono- or bi-allelic state, which is a challenge for genetic diagnosis.
Human Transmission of Blastocystis by Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Without Development of Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Recipients
Authors: Terveer Elisabeth M , van Gool Tom , Ooijevaar Rogier E , Sanders Ingrid M J G , Boeije-Koppenol Eline , Keller Josbert J , Bart Aldert , Kuijper Ed J ,   Netherlands Donor Feces Bank (NDFB) Study Group, Terveer Elisabeth M , Vendrik Karuna E W , Ooijevaar Rogier , Emilie van Lingen , Boeije-Koppenol Eline , van Prehn Joffrey , van Beurden Yvette , Bauer Martijn P , van Nood Els , Goorhuis Abraham , Seegers Jos F M L , Dijkgraaf Marcel G W , Mulder Chris J J , Vandenbroucke-Grauls Christina M J E , Verspaget Hein W , Kuijper Ed J , Keller Josbert J
Published: November 2019

Background

Patients with multiple recurrent Clostridioides difficile infections (rCDI) are treated with fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), using feces provided by healthy donors. Blastocystis colonization of donors is considered an exclusion criterion, whereas its pathogenicity is still under debate.

Methods

The introduction of molecular screening for Blastocystis sp. at our stool bank identified 2 donors with prior negative microscopies but positive polymerase chain reactions (PCRs). Potential transmission of Blastocystis sp. to patients was assessed on 16 fecal patient samples, pre- and post-FMT, by PCR and subtype (ST) analyses. In addition, clinical outcomes for the treatment of rCDI (n = 31), as well as the development of gastrointestinal symptoms, were assessed.

Results

There was 1 donor who carried Blastocystis ST1, and the other contained ST3. All patients tested negative for Blastocystis prior to FMT. With a median diagnosis at 20.5 days after FMT, 8 of 16 (50%) patients developed intestinal colonization with Blastocystis, with identical ST sequences as their respective donors. Blastocystis-containing fecal suspensions were used to treat 31 rCDI patients, with an FMT success rate of 84%. This success rate was not statistically different from patients transferred with Blastocystis sp.–negative donor feces (93%, 76/82). Patients transferred with Blastocystis sp.–positive donor feces did not report any significant differences in bowel complaints in the first week, after 3 weeks, or in the months following FMT.

Conclusions

We demonstrated the first transmission of Blastocystis ST1 and ST3 from donors to patients by FMT. This did not result in gastrointestinal symptomatology or have any significant effect on rCDI treatment outcomes.