bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acceleration of cosmic rays by double shock waves in galaxy clusters: application to radio relics
Authors: Siemieniec–Ozieblo Grazyna , Bilinska Mariia
Published: January 2021

Context. Radio relics in galaxy clusters are known to be good laboratories for verification of the applicability of the diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) model in its canonical version. The need for such verification stems from the inconsistencies in the shock properties resulting from radio observations compared to X-ray observations.

Aims. In this article we aim to explore how the presence of a second shock in the vicinity of a relic modifies the spectrum of accelerated electrons and decipher which of the involved parameters can have a significant impact on their shape.

Methods. We analytically studied DSA of cosmic rays in two stationary shocks aiming to investigate the change of the distribution function. The latter eventually leads to spectrum slope deviations visible in different observations and simulations that do not appear to be explained by the case wherein cosmic rays interact with a single shock wave.

Results. We obtain a complex distribution function f(x, p) depending on many parameters (distance between two shocks, compression ratios, spatial diffusion coefficients, injection value, etc.). This function reveals modifications that occur because of the coupled acceleration in both shocks. Apparently, deviations in the particle spectrum from the pure power law depend on a few parameters such as Q1/Q2, κ1/κ2, r1/r2, and L. Although we do not verify this idea by taking a particular cluster as an example, we demonstrate a potential cause of spectral disturbances in radio relics. In general terms, our findings appear to correlate with results from the literature when the distance between the shocks is of the order of the width of a radio relic and κ1/κ2 ∝ 3.
Discovery of a supercluster in the eROSITA Final Equatorial Depth Survey: X-ray properties, radio halo, and double relics
Authors: Ghirardini V. , Bulbul E. , Hoang D. N. , Klein M. , Okabe N. , Biffi V. , Brüggen M. , Ramos-Ceja M. E. , Comparat J. , Oguri M. , Shimwell T. W. , Basu K. , Bonafede A. , Botteon A. , Brunetti G. , Cassano R. , de Gasperin F. , Dennerl K. , Gatuzz E. , Gastaldello F. , Intema H. , Merloni A. , Nandra K. , Pacaud F. , Predehl P. , Reiprich T. H. , Robrade J. , Röttgering H. , Sanders J. , van Weeren R. J. , Williams W. L.
Published: January 2021

Aims.We examine the X-ray, optical, and radio properties of the member clusters of a new supercluster discovered during the SRG/eROSITA Performance Verification phase.

Methods.We analyzed the 140 deg2eROSITA Final Equatorial Depth Survey (eFEDS) field observed during the Performance Verification phase to a nominal depth of about 2.3 ks. In this field, we detect a previously unknown supercluster consisting of a chain of eight galaxy clusters atz~ 0.36. The redshifts of these members were determined through Hyper Suprime-Cam photometric measurements. We examined the X-ray morphological and dynamical properties, gas, and total mass out toR500of the members and compare these with the same properties of the general population of clusters detected in the eFEDS field. We further investigated the gas in the bridge region between the cluster members for a potential WHIM detection. We also used radio follow-up observations with LOFAR and uGMRT to search for diffuse emission and constrain the dynamic state of the system.

Results.We do not find significant differences between the morphological parameters and properties of the intra-cluster medium of the clusters embedded in this large-scale filament and those of the eFEDS clusters. We also provide upper limits on the electron number density and mass of the warm-hot intergalactic medium as provided by the eROSITA data. These limits are consistent with previously reported values for the detections in the vicinity of clusters of galaxies. In LOFAR and uGMRT follow-up observations of the northern part of this supercluster, we find two new radio relics and a radio halo that are the result of major merger activity in the system.

Conclusions.These early results show the potential of eROSITA to probe large-scale structures such as superclusters and the properties of their members. Our forecasts show that we will be able to detect about 450 superclusters, with approximately 3000 member clusters located in the eROSITA_DE region at the final eROSITA all-sky survey depth, enabling statistical studies of the properties of superclusters and their constituents embedded in the cosmic web.
Traumasensibel pflegen – aber wie?
Authors: Benedikt Salomé Etienne , Schüllermann-Epmann Thomas
Published: January 2021

Es gibt eine Fülle an Assessmentinstrumenten, um Traumafolgestörungen zu diagnostizieren. Allerdings existiert kein Instrument speziell für Pflegende, mit dem sie das Risiko für ein Trauma oder eine entsprechende Folgestörung bei ihren Patienten einschätzen können. Wie Sie traumatisierte Patienten dennoch traumasensibel pflegen können, schildern unsere Autoren.
Zur hüftgelenknahen Femurfraktur des erwachsenen Menschen – Zeitgemäßes klinisches Management auf der Basis internationaler Standards
Authors: Kralewski Christian , Gaertner Thomas , Giehl Johannes , Gleisberg Cornelia , Smektala Rüdiger , Korbmacher Jan Goldmund
Published: January 2021

Hintergrund Die häufig multimorbiden, geriatrisch-unfallchirurgischen Patienten mit hüftgelenknaher Femurfraktur bedürfen als Notfallpatienten einer möglichst frühzeitigen operativen und interdisziplinären Behandlung, um Komplikationen (Morbidität, „morbidity“) und die Sterblichkeit (Mortalität, „mortality“) zu reduzieren. Die präoperative Verweildauer ist ein sensibler und multifaktorieller Qualitätsindikator (QI) des Behandlungsgeschehens. Aufgrund von fortbestehenden Auffälligkeiten dieses QI in der externen stationären Qualitätssicherung (esQS) in Deutschland wurde vom Institut für Qualitätssicherung und Transparenz im Gesundheitswesen (IQTIG) und vom Gemeinsamen Bundesausschuss (G-BA) weiterhin „besonderer Handlungsbedarf“ für diesen Indikator konstatiert (IQTIG Qualitätsreport 2019).

Ziel der Arbeit Identifizierung von methodisch besonders belastbaren Empfehlungen zu strukturellen und prozessualen Standards zur Sicherstellung einer angemessenen klinischen Versorgung.

Methoden Systematische internationale webbasierte Recherche und Analyse relevanter Leitlinien nach der Domäne 3 des AGREE-II-Instruments; Extraktion einzelner methodisch gesicherter Empfehlungen; Ergänzung der Leitlinienanalyse um eine Beurteilung von Regelwerken mit Struktur und Prozessanforderungen bzw. Kriterien für Qualitäts- und Versorgungsstandards.

Ergebnisse Von insgesamt 66 identifizierten, kontextrelevanten Leitlinien wurden 15 mit „methodisch hochwertig“ bewertet. Besonders belastbare Empfehlungen aus diesen 15 Leitlinien ergaben sich unter anderem zu den Handlungsfeldern Operationstechnik, Orthogeriatrie, Antibiotikaprophylaxe, Dekubitus- und Thromboembolieprophylaxe, Operationszeitpunkt, Anästhesie, Physiotherapie, postoperatives Management und Delir. Aus 9 weiteren Regelwerken ließen sich spezielle strukturelle und prozessuale Vorgaben extrahieren.

Schlussfolgerung Frühzeitige Operation und angemessene Versorgung sind durch ein konsequent multifaktoriell abgestimmtes, verbindliches Vorgehen in adäquat strukturell und prozessual ausgerichteten, interdisziplinär arbeitenden Einrichtungen zu gewährleisten.
Tadalafil Reversed H-89 – and Scopolamine – Induced Spatial Learning Impairments in Male Rats
Authors: Tabrizian Kaveh , Amelinia Fatemeh , Belaran Maryam , Pourheidar Soheil , Mirzaei Hadi , Fanoudi Sahar
Published: January 2021

Accumulated evidence shows that the cAMP and cGMP signaling pathway plays an important role in memory function and neuronal plasticity. Phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) is a hopeful therapeutic target in AD (Alzheimer disease), and PDE5 inhibition may be a good therapeutic strategy for the treatment of AD. In the present study, the four-day bilateral intra-hippocampal infusion of H-89 as a protein kinase AII inhibitor (10 µM/side) and intra-peritoneal injections of tadalafil (20 mg/kg) and scopolamine (0.5 mg/kg) alone and also on combination on spatial learning in Morris water maze (MWM) were investigated. DMSO and saline were used as controls for H-89 and other mentioned drugs, respectively. Rats were trained for 4 days; each day included one block of four trials. Post- training probe trial tests were performed on day 5. Administration of H-89 and scopolamine led to a significant impairment in spatial learning compared to their related controls. But, combination of tadalafil/H-89 or tadalafil/scopolamine reversed H-89 or scopolamine- induced spatial learning deficits in MWM. Taken together, these results showed the probable regulatory effects of cGMP on cholinergic and cAMP/PKA signaling pathways in co-administrations of these mentioned drugs on spatial learning in MWM.
Simultaneous Quantification of Ursolic and Oleanolic Acids in Glechoma hederacea and Glechoma hirsuta by UPLC/MS/MS
Authors: Grabowska Karolina , Żmudzki Paweł , Wróbel-Biedrawa Dagmara , Podolak Irma
Published: January 2021

The content of ursolic acid and oleanolic acid was determined in different plant parts of two Glechoma species, G. hederacea and G. hirsuta. To achieve optimal extraction conditions of ursolic acid and oleanolic acid from plant material, several methods including maceration, heat reflux, Soxhlet, and ultrasonic extraction, as well as various solvents (methanol, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate), were investigated and compared.

For the simultaneous quantification of pentacyclic triterpenes in extracts from Glechoma sp., an UPLC-MS/MS was developed and validated. The method exhibited good linearity, precision, and recovery, and it also was simple, specific, and fast. We developed the method for future application in the quality control of plant materials and botanical extracts containing ursolic acid and oleanolic acid. With regard to the triterpene constituents, both G. hederacea and G. hirsuta can be used equally, and the aboveground parts of both species, but the leaves especially, are abundant sources of ursolic acid (7.1 – 7.5 mg/g dry weight [DW]). Dichloromethane as an extractant provided the best extraction efficiency as well as selectivity to obtain Glechoma extracts rich in triterpenes as compared to methanol and ethyl acetate, regardless of the particular extraction technique. Dry dichloromethane extracts from aerial parts of Glechoma sp. obtained by
the heat reflux method resulted in products with a high content of UA (17 – 25% w/w) are considered to be convenient and rich sources of this compound.
Nasal Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation versus Continuous Positive Airway Pressure and Apnea of Prematurity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Sabsabi Bayane , Harrison Ava , Banfield Laura , Mukerji Amit
Published: January 2021

Objective The study aimed to systematically review and analyze the impact of nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) versus continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on apnea of prematurity (AOP) in preterm neonates.

Study Design In this systematic review and meta-analysis, experimental studies enrolling preterm infants comparing NIPPV (synchronized, nonsynchronized, and bi-level) and CPAP (all types) were searched in multiple databases and screened for the assessment of AOP. Primary outcome was AOP frequency per hour (as defined by authors of included studies).

Results Out of 4,980 articles identified, 18 studies were included with eight studies contributing to the primary outcome. All studies had a high risk of bias, with significant heterogeneity in definition and measurement of AOP. There was no difference in AOPs per hour between NIPPV versus CPAP (weighted mean difference = −0.19; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.76 to 0.37; eight studies, 456 patients). However, in a post hoc analysis evaluating the presence of any AOP (over varying time periods), the pooled odds ratio (OR) was lower with NIPPV (OR: 0.46; 95% CI: 0.32–0.67; 10 studies, 872 patients).

Conclusion NIPPV was not associated with decrease in AOP frequency, although demonstrated lower odds of developing any AOP. However, definite recommendations cannot be made based on the quality of the published evidence.

Key Points
2.5 Radical–Polar Crossover Reactions
Authors: Chemla F. , Pérez-Luna A.
Published: January 2021

Radical–polar crossover reactions, that is, single-electron redox events allowing for the interconversion between radical and ionic intermediates, make it possible to connect radical and polar processes in the same synthetic transformation. Such a combination is the basis of much original synthetic methodology, which is particularly useful in the context of domino, tandem, or multicomponent reactions. This chapter comprehensively covers the field of radical–polar crossover reactions, with a primary emphasis on transformations wherein both the radical and polar processes provide synthetic elaboration.
2.7 Radical Cascade Reactions
Authors: Liu Z.-Q.
Published: January 2021

This chapter briefly summarizes the concept of radical cascade reactions (RCR). The chapter is divided into two main parts, describing intramolecular and intermolecular radical cascade reactions, which are further classified based on the six types of relay manner (intramolecular RCR) and six commonly used relay molecules (intermolecular RCR), respectively. This simple classification allows readers to understand this area easily and quickly. Features of radical cascade reactions include step-economy and waste minimization, which endow these radical cascades with a bright future.
2.13 Recent Developments in Reversible Deactivation Radical Polymerization
Authors: Yamago S. , Lu Y.
Published: January 2021

Recent developments in reversible deactivation radical polymerization, which is also called controlled or living radical polymerization, are summarized in this chapter. In particular, this chapter focuses on (1) broadening the range of applicable monomers from conjugated monomers to unconjugated monomers, (2) the expansion of the polymer structure from linear polymers to highly branched polymers, and (3) the use of light, in particular low-intensity and inexpensive visible light, to enable a higher degree of polymerization control under environmentally benign polymerization conditions.
Assessing the fidelity of consecutive interpreting
Authors: Han Chao , Xiao Rui , Su Wei
Published: January 2021

The study reported on in this article pertains to rater-mediated assessment of English-to-Chinese consecutive interpreting, particularly informational correspondence between an originally intended message and an actually rendered message, also known as “fidelity” in Interpreting Studies. Previous literature has documented two main methods to assess fidelity: comparing actual renditions with the source text or with an exemplar rendition carefully prepared by experts (i.e., an ideal target text). However, little is known about the potential effects of these methods on fidelity assessment. We therefore conducted the study to explore the way in which these methods would affect rater reliability, fidelity ratings and rater perception. Our analysis of quantitative data shows that the raters tended to be less reliable, less self-consistent, less lenient and less comfortable when using the source English text (i.e., Condition A) than when using the target Chinese text (i.e., Condition B: the exemplar rendition). These findings were backed up and explained by emerging themes derived from the qualitative questionnaire data. The fidelity estimates in the two conditions were also found to be strongly correlated. We discuss these findings and entertain the possibility of recruiting untrained monolinguals or bilinguals to assess fidelity of interpreting.
MESING – a new method of organizing the joint work of neural networks and its metrology
Authors: Mirakhmedov Roman , Potapova Zinaida , Protasov Vladislav
Published: January 2021

A description of a new method for the collective solution of local problems – the method of evolutionary coordination of solutions based on the original use of genetic algorithms – is given. Interaction rules, developed on their basis, coordinate the work of intelligent agents (actors). Based on the Rasch model, an absolute scale for measuring the intellectual power of actors and the costs of intellectual labor when solving local problems with a given probability of their correct solution is introduced. The unit of measurement for these values is introduced and justified – 1 INT. A number of theorems are presented that make it possible to substantiate a new procedure for obtaining a collective solution (mesing) both to increase the intellectual power of a committee of neural networks by 150 times in comparison with a single neural network as part of a committee, and to reduce the probability of an erroneous decision to zero under certain conditions. As a result of the committee’s work, either the correct decision is formed, or the answer “no solution has been found” with a low probability of an erroneous decision.
Main nonconformities revealed during the assessment of compliance of testing laboratories with the accreditation criteria
Authors: Vinogradova A A , Leontyuk S M , Silivanov M O
Published: January 2021

The process of accreditation in national accreditation system is carried out in order to ensure confidence in the results of conformity assessment and create conditions for mutual recognition of the results of conformity assessment by the states - trading partners of the Russian Federation. Federal Service for Accreditation of the Russian Federation is a federal executive body performing the functions of the national body of the Russian Federation for accreditation. It makes a decision on accreditation or on denial of accreditation on the basis of the applicant’s compliance with the accreditation criteria. The assessment of the applicant’s compliance with the accreditation criteria is carried out in the form of a documentary and off-site conformity assessment conducted at the place (or places) of applicant’s activities. The assessment of the applicant’s compliance with the accreditation criteria is based on the principles of legality, protection of the rights of a legal entity or individual entrepreneur, independence, fairness and competence of experts, objectivity, comprehensiveness and completeness of assessment, responsibility of accreditation experts and technical experts for the conduct and quality of assessment. The Appeals Commission is included in the list of participants in national accreditation system. The consideration of complaints against decisions, actions (inaction) of Federal Service for Accreditation of the Russian Federation and its officials in connection with the refusal of accreditation, suspension and termination of accreditation, reduction of the scope of accreditation upon applications from applicants, accredited persons or federal executive bodies fall within the powers of the Appeals Commission. In the period from 2016 to 2019 there has been a uniformity in the practice of the Appeals Commission under Federal Accreditation Service (hereinafter referred as the Commission), therefore it is advisable to consider the most common reasons for the solution and denial of complaints.
Estimation of the effect of the blackness coefficient on the error in determining the emissivity of materials
Authors: Vikhareva N A , Simonova G V
Published: January 2021

The article considers the influence of the blackness coefficient on the emissivity of various materials. Determining the precise values of the thermal conductivity and heat exchange is of crucial importance to solve problems of power supply and to ensure optimal temperature conditions of premises since the choice of materials for the manufacture of various buildings, structures and their structural elements depends on the heat exchange. The emissivity of materials, in particular, the values of the blackness coefficients in the calculation of radiation heat exchange plays a significant role in the formation of the thermal balance. The contribution to the total heat exchange from radiation processes can be significant and vary significantly for different temperature conditions. This study demonstrates that the error in estimating the radiative heat flux depends on the type of spectral characteristic of its emissivity, and the use of the integral blackness coefficient can significantly increase the error in determining the heat flow from the surface of objects, including construction materials.
Bearing Defect Recognition Based on Optimal Impulse Response Wavelet Denoising Technique
Authors: Li Hui , Zhang Bo
Published: January 2021

A rolling bearing defect detection and recognition technique based on optimal impulse response continuous wavelet transform (IRCWT) de-noising technique is proposed. In the proposed technique, the IRCWT is used as a tool for local time and frequency characteristics analysis, and the spectral kurtosis (SK) is used as the impulse index to extract transient pulse components from the processed rolling defect vibration data. Firstly, the IRCWT is used to process the sampling vibration data. And then SK is calculated to choose the best signal band-pass band from the time frequency analysis of vibration data, in order to restrain the interference noise and highlight the transient shock feature. Finally, the envelope spectrum is computed and the rolling bearing defect feature is extracted. The rolling element bearing defect recognition results show that the proposed approach can effectively detect the transient characteristics and distinguish the rolling element bearing localized defect.
Hybrid beamforming in Multiuser mmWave Massive MIMO System
Authors: Lu Zhouzheng , Guo Yufan , Yang Wenxuan , Liu Yang , Luan Qitong , Mei Yuanzong
Published: January 2021

Conventional MIMO systems typically use full digital processing for optimal performance while it requires an independent radio frequency (RF) chain for each antenna, which is not feasible for large-scale antenna arrays due to the high cost, high-power consumption and high complexity of RF chain components in high frequencies. Fortunately, in recent years, the Hybrid beamforming has been proposed as an efficient and auspicious technique for the practical implementation of millimeter-Wave (mmWave) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless systems. In this paper we propose a novel HBF (Hybrid beamforming) algorithm and simulate the sum rate of the proposed approach, then compare it with other algorithms in the sum rates. Specifically, the HBF algorithm as well as the maximizing minimum phase difference algorithm are based on the MMSE (Minimum Mean Square Error). For the full-digital beamforming and the beam steering, the ZF (zero forcing) criterion is employed. Simulations demonstrate that the performance of the proposed algorithm is similar to the full digital algorithm, and its robustness is confirmed by comparisons with other existing algorithms under the same channel model.
Research on Signal Processing Method of X-band Multifunctional Phased Array Radar
Authors: Tai Yingjie
Published: January 2021

The signal processing algorithm is an important component of the three major technical fields of radar, and it occupies an important position in the radar system. It is the basis for phased array radar to achieve multi-function. The rapid development of modern signal processing technology has greatly promoted the development and application of radar technology. Modern radar simulation systems can simulate and optimize signal processing algorithms, and quickly adjust system parameters; because it adopts modularization and systematically encapsulated, it can be used repeatedly in different environments or platforms. The continuous development of modern signal processing technology has improved the performance of the radar system, especially in improving the radar's target detection capability and anti-jamming performance. Because signal processing occupies a very important position in radar systems, this paper studies the signal processing in radar systems. This paper analyzes the signal processing process of the multifunctional phased array radar, and conducts corresponding analysis and research on the key technologies.
Detection of pulse signal in chaotic noise background using extreme learning machine
Authors: Su Liyun , Li Xuemeng
Published: January 2021

It is still a challenge to detect the useful signals under chaotic noise background with effective methods. Difficults such as suppression of useful signals, large computation and low sensitivity commonly exist the new method based on the nonlinear characteristics of signals, such as neural network method, and traditional methods. On the contrast, The extreme learning machine has advantages of strong nonlinear approximation, simple structure, high precision, fast learning and training speed, etc. On this basis, this paper proposes a method of utilizing extreme learning machine based on least square to get the output weight, in order to train the model to detect the weak pulse signal.
Design of an Automatic Test System for Power Amplifier Modules
Authors: Xin-cheng Huang , Hong Tian
Published: January 2021

This article introduces the design of a power automatic correction system for radar transmitter power amplifier modules. The system is mainly composed of a control computer, a test bench, a fault detection unit, general instruments and apparatus, and a GPIB interface card[1-2]. The article describes the working principle, test process, and test method of this system in detail. The actual test shows that the system can effectively improve the power calibration accuracy and significantly improve the debugging efficiency.
AHyTE: An Adaptive Hyperplane-based Method for Time-aware Knowledge Graph Embedding
Authors: Yang Dawei , Zhou Gang , Lu Jicang , Ning Yuanlong
Published: January 2021

Knowledge graph (KG) embedding can learn the representations of entities and relations from a KG in low-dimensional continuous vector space, which is the foundation of knowledge acquisition and reasoning. Time-aware KG embedding is a hot research branch of KG embedding, which introduces time information while considering the knowledge expression ability to make knowledge dynamic. Among them, t-TransE model is the most classic. However, t-TransE has the following two flaws: one is that it only regards time information as a constraint and the embedding learned by this way is not explicitly temporally aware; the other is that it uses traditional Euclidean distance as a metric, and all feature dimensions are treated identically, hence, the model may not accurately reflect the priority of features. Currently, there has not been a single method resolves the flaws simultaneously, so we propose an adaptive hyperplane-based time-aware knowledge graph embedding model, namely, AHyTE. AHyTE associates each time stamp with the corresponding hyperplane, and introduces a diagonal weight matrix to assign weights to each feature dimension. Through link prediction experiments on the time data set extracted from the real world, we demonstrate the remarkable improvement of AHyTE.
Health Management Quality Assessment Of Complex Communication System
Authors: Li Chao , Xu Xiaotao , Yu Liangqin , Li Sihao , Cao Dong
Published: January 2021

In order to verify the quality of health management of communication system and determine the application of health management in the field of communication system, the quality evaluation method is used to verify the operation effect. According to the analysis of the main functions and components of complex communication system health management, the evaluation index system is constructed, and the steps of quantitative evaluation of the evaluation index system by grey analytic hierarchy process are elaborated in detail. Combined with an example, the feasibility and rationality of the model algorithm are verified. The example proves that the evaluation results of health management quality of complex communication system based on grey analytic hierarchy process are accurate and feasible, which can provide direction and basis for the development of health management in communication field.
Based on multi-antenna multi-channel wireless signal separation
Authors: Zhao Yongji , Hu Wenwen , Chen Kuilin
Published: January 2021

Wireless signal separation under the condition of multi-antenna and multi-channel reception is a process of estimating the source signal component by using the observed signal vector. Under the condition of multi-antenna and multi-channel reception of wireless mixed signals, in view of the problem that the stability of FastICA algorithm will be affected, it is proposed to increase the number of iterations to improve the FastICA algorithm. The experimental comparison and simulation results of FastICA algorithm and FastICA improved algorithm It shows that for the separation of wireless mixed signals, the improved FastICA algorithm can achieve a better separation effect.
Signal discrimination with wavelet algorithm and Pearson correlation-based algorithm in φ-OTDR systems
Authors: Mo Dai Li , Yu Zhi Hua , Cai Yun Fei , Liu Rui
Published: January 2021

This paper presents a novel method of distinguishing signal, the way expected to reduce the nuisance alarm rate since the high nuisance alarm rate will restrict the capability of phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflection technology. The proposed method includes two parts: wavelet positioning mutation to obtain the perturbation area and Pearson correlation algorithm to directly convert the intensity of the perturbation into a useful amplitude. This technique avoids the use of irrelevant data in these differential signals and provides a simple and feasible new approach for distinguishing signal and optimizing the positioning speed of φ-OTDR systems.
Hierarchical resource allocation strategy for RAN slices in smart grid
Authors: Liu Mingyue , Wang Yang , Meng Sachula , Zhao Xiongwen
Published: January 2021

With the rapid development of the new generation of smart grid, the variety of smart grid services are becoming more and more diversified, which lead to various service demands. According to different service requirements, it is necessary to allocate network resources flexibly and dynamically. In order to solve the problem of resource allocation among network slices in smart grid, we propose a two-layer dynamic resource scheduling strategy for network slicing. It can be divided into inter slice resource allocation and intra slice resource allocation. The former refers to the allocation of network resources to network slices. The latter refers to that the network slice allocates the allocated resources to the users in the slice. The simulation results show that the proposed two-layer network slicing dynamic resource scheduling strategy is superior to the current resource scheduling strategy in terms of quality of experience (QoE) of users and system throughput, which can better meet the needs of users.
An INT-based Load Balancing Mechanism for Cloud Datacenters
Authors: Cui Zixi , Hu Yuxiang , Hou Saifeng
Published: January 2021

In this work, we propose Closer, a scalable congestion-aware load balancer for cloud datacenters. Closer complies with the evaluation of technology including the deployment of regular Clos topologies, overlays for network virtualization, and virtual machine (VM) clusters. Leveraging In-band Network Telemetry (INT) to obtain precise link load information, we design a simple but efficient algorithm that implements weighted ECMP at the edge of fabric, which enables Closer to proactively map the flows to the appropriate path and avoid the excessive congestion of a single link. Closer decouples the system into centralized route calculation and distributed route decision to guarantee its efficiency and stability in large-scale networks. In tested experiments, Closer achieves 2–7 times better flow completion time (FCT) than existing alternatives at 70% network load.
Research on Jamming Resource Allocation Technology Based on Improved GAPSO Algorithm
Authors: Liu Fang , Wang Yanwei , Chen Jiabei , Wang Qingping , Yuan Naichang
Published: January 2021

In this paper, firstly, the influence factors of different electronic loads on radar are analyzed from various angles, and a resource allocation model is built for penetration scenarios. Then, the evaluation indexes of radar in different working stages are explained and fused to construct a scientific and reasonable objective function. Finally, a genetic particle swarm(GAPSO) algorithm based on two-dimensional parallel coding is creatively proposed, and the parameters of the algorithm are adjusted adaptively to improve the performance of the algorithm. The simulation results show that the improved GAPSO algorithm has obvious effectiveness and superiority in solving the resource allocation problem in process of jammers shielding target penetration.
Research on Motif Mining Based on Neighborhood Equivalence Class
Authors: Feng Jian , Ma Rui , Chen Shaojian
Published: January 2021

The motif is an important mesoscopic structure existing in the network, and motif mining is an important means to study the social network structure. Based on the tree traversal G-tries algorithm of common subgraphs, we propose an accurate subgraph recognition algorithm of neighborhood equivalence class Ex-Motifs to reduce the matching process of subgraph isomorphism. In addition, for the research of motif metric, we propose a motif metric index based on a common substructure, which can directly judge the significance of subgraph frequency on the original network. Experimental results show that the computational efficiency of Ex-Motifs is relatively high, and it can find a motif similar to the traditional motif metric method.
TPK: a single-cell clustering algorithm based on novel feature selection genes
Authors: Cui Yaxuan , Luo Kunjie , Zhang Zheyu , Liu Saijia
Published: January 2021

With the continuous development of single-cell sequencing technology, through the gene expression data obtained by single-cell sequencing technology, we can have a deeper understanding of the heterogeneity between cells and the underlying mechanisms that exist between cells. However, due to the complexity of the data, single-cell identification and clustering have also brought us huge challenges. We found that many classic clustering algorithms performed poorly in single-cell clustering. Our research found that the key reason was that no mark was found. gene. First remove genes with low expression levels, and then calculate the variance value of genes, select the top 1000 genes with the largest variance, and then perform a T test to remove noise. Finally, the obtained genes are clustered using Cosine similarity algorithm and k-means. Found that it has a good clustering performance.
Adaptive Fuzzy Control for Input Restriction Airbreathing Hypersonic Vehicle
Authors: Yahui Wu , Yitao Li , Yuhuan Li , Ying Nie , Li Lu , Zhengrong Li , Caidong Zhan
Published: January 2021

For the problem of actuator limitation in the control of aspirating hypersonic vehicle (AHV), this paper proposes a control strategy combined fuzzy approximation system with adaptive control. Firstly, the system is divided into velocity subsystem and altitude subsystem. Then, a new control law is designed. Finally, the uncertainty of the system is estimated based on the universal approximation theory of fuzzy system. This control strategy can both allow the control system with better robustness, and a good restraining effect for the uncertain disturbance. As shown from the simulation results, the method proposed in this paper has more stable than the traditional method in different situations and verifies the effectiveness of the control strategy.
Target motion detection algorithm based on dynamic threshold
Authors: Zeyi Zhao , Gang Lu
Published: January 2021

Realizing moving target detection through visual algorithms is a major branch of computer technology. Moving target detection has a wide range of applications in many fields such as video surveillance, unmanned driving, and behavior research. The current algorithm has been able to achieve moving target detection well in a static background, but the detection of multiple moving targets in a dynamic background is still a challenging research area. The main pain points are complex background, light changes, noise interference and Occlusion and real-time detection requirements, etc. Aiming at the detection of moving targets in complex scenes, a moving target detection algorithm based on dynamic threshold is proposed. The algorithm first uses the gray difference gradient of three adjacent frames of the video sequence to calculate the segmentation threshold of foreground moving targets to realize the dynamic threshold. Then use dynamic thresholds to achieve multi-target motion detection in complex backgrounds or scenes with changing lighting. Because the gradient change of adjacent frames of the scene is considered in the process of moving target detection and segmentation, and the gradient change is converted into a dynamic threshold to participate in moving target detection and segmentation, the algorithm can adapt to scenes with changing lighting. Experiments show that this algorithm is feasible for moving target detection in complex scenes, and has a lower error rate than that of traditional algorithms, and is more suitable for to complex or changing lighting scenes.
IoT Terminal Communication and Status Management System Based on LoRa Technology
Authors: Duan Siyan
Published: January 2021

This article discusses the basic content and application advantages of LoRa technology, combined with the key points of the establishment of the Internet of Things terminal communication and state management system. The content of this article includes system architecture analysis, communication connection mode, terminal registration phase, data transmission phase and terminal cancellation phase. The author studied the simulated environment test, communication distance test, energy consumption monitoring test and other contents. The purpose of this article is to improve the security of the IoT terminal communication environment, speed up signal transmission, and improve signal transmission quality.
Innovative Reform of Engineering Drawing Course Based on Design Project Drive
Authors: Mingxia Zhao
Published: January 2021

Under the background of deepening the reform of vocational education, vocational schools and professional teachers are trying more teaching methods and using more advanced teaching methods. Based on the existing research theories and achievements, this paper takes the engineering project professional skills training as an example, explores how to combine the work content with the project teaching content, optimizes the project teaching, improve the teaching quality of the engineering project related courses, improves the teaching effectiveness and enriches the teaching theory, so as to improve the theoretical research of relevant courses for reference and find out the way and general law of project teaching implementation, and construct the project teaching mode with secondary vocational characteristics, and update the education and teaching concept, and help the project teaching reform, and promote the comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development of secondary vocational schools.
Research on Education Performance Evaluation Based on Characteristic Index Vector Analysis
Authors: Zhang Panpan
Published: January 2021

The research on the performance of cultivating innovative and entrepreneurial talents in higher vocational colleges is to combine the teaching theory of innovation and entrepreneurship education with the practice of university parks, form new thinking of innovation and entrepreneurship education, and cultivate a number of innovative and entrepreneurial talents in the new era. This paper proposes the design of teaching performance model based on data decision. With the method of characteristic index information sampling, the sample data of educational resource service performance are obtained. Combined with the optimal strategy to track the human resource management and service performance of colleges and universities, the cost function of education index performance management is constructed. Based on the characteristic index query and optimization control of education performance management, the performance prediction is carried out, and the design of human resource service performance model based on characteristic index vector is realized.
Error Performance of Polar Coded Spatial Pulse Position Modulation Technique
Authors: Li Yinlong , Mao Zhongyang , Liu Min
Published: January 2021

The turbulence in the channel will increase the bit error rate of the FSO system, which can resist the influence of atmospheric turbulence in many ways. In this paper, spatial pulse position modulation (SPPM) is combined with Polar code to improve error performance. The influence of list length on the decoding performance of CRC-SCL and the performance changes of Polar codes at different code lengths and rates are analyzed. Monte Carlo simulation results show that Polar codes in SPPM system have similar performance changes as in single input single output system. Therefore, Higher coding gain at low code rate and long code length.
Polymerized RingCT: An Efficient Linkable Ring Signature for Ring Confidential Transactions in Blockchain
Authors: Duan Junke , Gu Lize , Zheng Shihui
Published: January 2021

In this work, we study and refer the privacy protection protocol used in the blockchain, in particular, the Ring Confidential Transaction protocol in current popular anonymous cryptocurrency Monero. Based on our observations on the underlying linkable ring signature and homomorphic commitment schemes, we design a new efficient RingCT protocol for protecting user’s transaction information. Our scheme is built on the Schnorr ring signature, the well-known Pedersen commitment and signature of knowledge. We show that the signature algorithm used in our scheme satisfies the security requirements under random oracle model and adaptive chosen message attack. Moreover, compared with other ring confidential transactions protocols, our scheme can significantly save the cost of operation and interaction linearly under multi-account operation, that is, unlike other schemes, the cost of its underlying signature algorithm doesn't grow linearly as the spender’s accounts grow.
Investigating Issues with Machine Learning for Accent Classification
Authors: Lou Zhewen , Ren Yitian
Published: January 2021

Speech recognition has become a widely researched topic for decades, and there were already some successful products which has been put into commercial use, like Siri. However, sometimes it is hard to distinguish the word because words of different accents have different pronunciations. For instance, in Japanese English /r/ is usually pronounced as /l/. Therefore, it is natural to think that speech recognition could be divided into two parts. First attach a label to the audio about the accent, then recognize the contents based on the regular pattern of that accent. In this paper, we researched on several characteristics including voice onset region(VOR), vowels and formants to distinguish British English and American English. By applying both linear neural network and neural network with nonlinear classifications and two hidden layers(NN2HL), the accuracy rate reaches 86.67%, which is very satisfying.
Research on Moving Target Recognition and Tracking Technology Based on Machine Learning
Authors: Zhang Ying , Li Jie , Wang Yi
Published: January 2021

In this paper, the SIFT feature, HOG feature and SVM are adopted to design a movement vehicle recognition system, when the vehicle is relatively close to the camera and it backs to the camera, also the vehicle can be implemented to track. In this paper, two feature extraction methods, SIFT feature and HOG feature are respectively used to extract the features from 6000 images of vehicles with back facing the cameras and 6000 images without vehicles. Then SVM is used to train them to obtain a model. Then, we use the moving object recognition algorithm to extract the moving object in the given video, and put each moving object into the trained model to judge. If the model is judged as a vehicle, it will be tracked.
Research on Intelligent Financial Customer Service System of Colleges and Universities in the Era of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Kunwei Yang , Zeyi Zhao , Xiaoli Chen
Published: January 2021

The informatization of the University Finance Office is developing rapidly, but still faces problems such as difficulty in consulting and inquiry. Teachers and students are often confused by the minor differences in numerous financial documents, so it is advisable to introduce intelligent financial customer service. This article endeavours to design an intelligent financial customer service system with artificial intelligence technology, which can provide college teachers and students with automatic, real-time and all-round intelligent customer service experience.
Drink-driving monitoring system based on single chip microcomputer and sensor
Authors: Chen Yong , Wang Shudong , Wang Hao , Liu Shen , Li Runqing
Published: January 2021

This paper describes the design of hardware and software for alcohol concentration detection, which is mainly used to identify whether a driver is driving after drinking. The design can adjust the set value, and it can also be used in other fields. The drink-driving monitoring system is based on the single-chip microcomputer AT89C52, and the sensor detects the alcohol concentration. After some complicated processing, if the set value is exceeded, the buzzer will send out an alarm and the LED red light will twinkle, and the specific data will be displayed on the monitor. If the set value is not exceeded, the buzzer does not respond and the value is displayed on the display. The design has the advantages of high security, portability, intelligence and low cost.
Vascular Cooling Effect on Temperature Distribution for Hollow Microspheres in Magnetic Induction Hyperthermia: Numerical simulation and analysis
Authors: Zhang Yandong , Cui Pengfei , Zhang Liyan , Tang Jintian
Published: January 2021

Magnetic Induction hyperthermia is a type of treatment that uses electromagnetic energy to form high temperature area in tumour and kill tumour cells. Magnetic agents can generate heat to increase the temperature. However, researches have shown that the tumour is adjacent to complex vessel systems. Vascular cooling may have great impact on temperature distribution in tumour. Therefore, pre-temperature simulation including vascular cooling effect must be considered to help the clinicians decide the treatment plan. Our previous work has used numerical methods to simulate temperature distribution of avascular model. In this work, we use numerical methods, containing FDM, FVM, BADI and DADI, to simulate the vascular agar model. After comparing the simulation results and vitro heat results, BADI has the smallest error. What’s more, limited by vitro experimental conditions, many vascular parameters cannot be changed in vitro experiments. So we use BADI to simulate the temperature distribution under different conditions containing blood flow rates, vessel diameters and vessel locations. Simulation results show that the blood flow rates and vessel diameters have less impact compared to vessel locations and the blood flow rates affects the least.