bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Structural Design Comparison Between Two Reinforced Concrete Regular 6-Level Buildings using Soil-Structure Interaction in Linear Range
Authors: López Machado Nelson Andrés , Perez Gabriela , Castro Christian , Vielma Perez Juan Carlos , López Machado Leonardo José , Alviar Malabet José Domingo , Romero Romero Carlos Alberto , Guerrero Cuasapaz David Patricio , Montesinos Machado Vanessa Viviana
Published: September 2021

Structural engineers commonly design superstructures as fixed at the base and transmit the reactions to the infrastructure in order to design the foundation system and estimate the displacement of the soil while disregarding the change in seismic response that this induces. In this article, the foundation system was transformed into equivalent springs, and the seismic response in the linear range was compared and quantified, obtaining results such as increased periods, increased amounts of steel reinforcement in beams (between 7% and 25%) and columns (between 29% and 39%), an increase in the number of stirrups per linear meter (between 3% and 11% in columns and between 5% and 45% in beams) and drifts (between 1% and 14%), and a decrease in basal shear (up to 20%), which directly affects the design of the structure. This study concludes that the inclusion of the soil-structure interaction is necessary for structural design in the linear range.
COVID-19 Diagnosis with Deep Learning
Authors: Catal Reis Hatice
Published: September 2021

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is fatal and spreading rapidly. Early detection and diagnosis of the COVID-19 infection will prevent rapid spread. This study aims to automatically detect COVID-19 through a chest computed tomography (CT) dataset. The standard models for automatic COVID-19 detection using raw chest CT images are presented. This study uses convolutional neural network (CNN), Zeiler and Fergus network (ZFNet), and dense convolutional network-121 (DenseNet121) architectures of deep convolutional neural network models. The proposed models are presented to provide accurate diagnosis for binary classification. The datasets were obtained from a public database. This retrospective study included 757 chest CT images (360 confirmed COVID-19 and 397 non-COVID-19 chest CT images).  The algorithms were coded using the Python programming language. The performance metrics used were accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and ROC-AUC.  Comparative analyses are presented between the three models by considering hyper-parameter factors to find the best model. We obtained the best performance, with an accuracy of 94,7%, a recall of 90%, a precision of 100%, and an F1-score of 94,7% from the CNN model. As a result, the CNN algorithm is more accurate and precise than the ZFNet and DenseNet121 models. This study can present a second point of view to medical staff.
Overview of the Constitutive Model and Numerical Calibration by FEM to Compute Bearing Capacity and Embankment-Core Deformability
Authors: Mesa Lavista Milena , Lamas-Fernández Francisco , Tejeda-Piusseaut Eduardo , Bravo-Pareja Rafael , Cabrera-González Carolina , Álvarez-Pérez José
Published: September 2021

Numerical modeling is a powerful tool to determine the stress-strain relationships of structures. However, for a reliable application, physical and mathematical models must be calibrated and validated. This paper presents an overview of numerical calibration through the finite element method and plate-load tests in an embankment. Additionally, an analysis of the constitutive models used in soils is performed, and the elastic-plastic constitutive model of Mohr-Coulomb was selected since it is the best suited for this study. The results from three test areas within a refinery project that the Cuban government undertook in the province of Cienfuegos are used. The numerical model used in this study was calibrated by means of the error theory and the non-parametric hypothesis tests from Mann-Whitney U. From the practical point of view, this study gives two procedures to calibrate the numerical model with experimental results.
Chemical characterization, polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity of two pitahaya ecotypes (Hylocereus spp.)
Authors: Quispe Lupuche Estefany , Chávez Pérez Jorge Antonio , Medina-Pizzali Maria Luisa , Loayza Gutiérrez Lillyan , Apumayta Suárez Eder
Published: September 2021

Pitahaya has originated worldwide interest due to its content of bioactive compounds with proven beneficial effects on health, acting as antioxidants against free radicals. This study aimed to evaluate the nutraceutical potential of the peel and pulp of the red (Hylocereus monacanthus) and yellow (Hylocereus megalanthus) pitahaya ecotypes for nutritional formulation purposes. Two pitahaya ecotypes were analyzed, obtaining a methanolic extract of the peel and edible part to perform the proximal chemical analysis, the phytochemical screening, and determine antioxidant activity by the DPPH, ABTS, and IC50 methods. Flavonoids, tannins, quinones, among other bioactive compounds were identified. Yellow pitahaya presented higher content of polyphenols and higher antioxidant activity by the ABTS method, while the average inhibition percentage for both ecotypes was 93% by DPPH method. IC50 was higher for the edible part of red pitahaya with 1.68 mg mL-1. Both ecotypes have a high content of polyphenols and a high antioxidant capacity, which agree with those found in different studies such as those of Colombia, Brazil and Korea, being as high or even higher than most varieties of citrus fruits in Peru. Future studies should consider the inclusion of other metabolites and bioactive substances such as betalains due to their antioxidant activity. Both pitahaya ecotypes are rich in antioxidants, bioactive compounds, have low energy density, and may be suitable for food prescriptions as a functional ingredient in food industry.
Estimation of leaf nitrogen content from nondestructive methods in Eucalyptus tereticornis and Eucalyptus saligna plantations
Authors: Valverde Juan Carlos
Published: September 2021

The determination of leaf nitrogen content (LNC) by indirect methods is essential for silvicultural management of forest crops. The application of photography or rapid measurement equipment, such as chlorophyll index (soil-plant analysis development-SPAD), is increasingly used due to its low-cost, ease of estimation and accuracy. Therefore, the aim of this study was to estimate foliar nitrogen content from nondestructive methods in plantations of Eucalyptus tereticornis and Eucalyptus saligna using three urea treatments (120 kg N ha-1, 240 kg N ha-1 and a control treatment without urea). For each treatment, 10 trees were selected, including four for the validation of the equations. The LNC was directly evaluated for color with the CIEL*a*b* model, photographic measurement with the RGB model, SPAD measurement and destructive estimation of nitrogen in leaves. The results showed negative relationships with the L* (luminosity) and b* (trend from yellow to green) indices, while the a* (red to green trend) index was discarded, with SPAD positive relationships were found with LNC and RGB space. In the R and B indices, the greatest negative relationships were found. It was determined that the multivariate equation Y=a+b1x1+b2x2+…+bnxn can be used for this type of study. It was also determined that the LNC=0.389+0.026SPAD model was the optimum for E. tereticornis and the LNC=3.826-0.001R-0.10B equation was the optimum for E. saligna.
GGBS based alkali activated fine aggregate in concrete - Properties at fresh and hardened state
Authors: Thankam G. Lizia , Neelakantan T.R. , Gnanaraj S. Christopher
Published: September 2021

Scarcity of the construction materials, peculiarly the natural river sand has become a serious threat in the construction industry. Though many researchers of developed and developing countries are trying to find alternative sources for the same, the complete replacement of the fine aggregate in concrete is crucial. Geopolymer sand developed from the Industrial waste (Ground granulated blast furnace slag - GGBS) is an effective alternative for the complete replacement of the natural sand. The GGBS based geopolymer sand (G-GFA) was tested for physical and chemical properties. Upon the successful achievement of the properties in par with the natural river sand, the fresh properties (fresh concrete density & slump) and hardened properties (compressive strength, tensile strength & flexural strength) of the concrete specimens developed with G-GFA were studied. The G-GFA is obtained by both air drying (AD-G-GFA) and oven drying (OD-F-GFA) after the dry mixing of the alkaline solution and GGBS for about 10 min. Thus, developed fine aggregates were studied separately for the fresh and hardened concrete to optimize the feasible one. Superplasticizer of 0.4% is included in the concrete mix to compensate the sightly hydrophilic nature of the fine aggregates produced. The mechanical properties of the concrete with G-GFA are observed to be more than 90% close to that of the concrete developed with natural river sand. Thus, both the fresh and mechanical properties of the G-GFA concrete specimens resulted in findings similar to those of the control specimen developed with natural river sand reflecting the plausibility of G-GFA as a complete replacement choice to the fine aggregate in the concrete industry. The flaky GGBS particles merge well with the alkaline solution at room temperature itself since the former gets dried at elevated temperatures. Thus, more feasible fresh concrete properties and mechanical properties were recorded for the AD-G-GFA than the OD-G-GFA.
Design Thinking Budget and Savings Planner Inspiration of the Hadith of the Prophet
Authors: Dewi Tryana Hafilda
Published: September 2021

This study aims to discuss the inspiration for the hadith of the Prophet. in financial management. Qualitative research methods through literature study and field studies with the hadith design approach. The results and discussion of this research include good management education, inspiration for the example of the Prophet. in saving, and the Budget and Saving Planner. This research concludes that the hadith of the Prophet. has inspirational messages in raising awareness of saving with the presence of the Budget and Savings Planner book through innovative ideas with continuous testing appropriately to create Indonesians who like to save and increase awareness of saving for the Indonesian people.
Методика розрахунку стрічкових сушарок з комбінованим електромагнітним енергопідведенням для сушіння насіння кукурудзи, соняшнику та сої
Authors: Маренченко Олена Іванівна , Зиков Олександр Вікторович
Published: September 2021

На основі детального аналізу літературних джерел з досліду використання інфрачервоного та мікрохвильового підведення енергії в процесі сушіння сировини зроблено висновок про перспективність розробки обладнання, що реалізує комбінований вплив інфрачервоного та мікрохвильового випромінювання для сушіння оліє місткої сировини, зокрема кукурудзи, соняшнику та сої. Попередні дослідження кінетики сушіння кукурудзи, соняшнику та сої дозволили отримати рівняння для визначення часу сушіння цих продуктів в таких сушарках, що, в свою чергу, стало відправною точкою для створення методик проектного та перевірного розрахунків таких сушарок. Аналіз цих досліджень дозволяє зробити висновок, що використання мікрохвильового випромінювання прискорює перенесення вологи з середини матеріалу назовні, а інфрачервоне випромінювання ефективно передає енергію вологи на поверхню матеріалу. Таким чином, поєднання послідовного впливу мікрохвильового та інфрачервоного випромінювання може значно прискорити процес сушіння та покращити його енергоефективність. Мета конструктивного розрахунку сушарки - визначити габаритні розміри сушарки та потужність встановлених випромінювачів. На першому етапі розрахунку такі властивості продукту, як рівноважна вологість продукту та коефіцієнт активності води, визначаються параметрами продукту та навколишнього середовища. Далі визначаються парціальний тиск водяної пари в атмосферному повітрі та теплофізичні властивості водяної пари, такі як тиск насиченої водяної пари, питома теплота випаровування та коефіцієнт дифузії водяної пари у повітрі. На наступному етапі ми визначаємо швидкість руху конвеєра. Далі визначаємо відповідні значення коефіцієнтів масообміну та узагальненого коефіцієнта масообміну. Величина узагальненого коефіцієнта масопереносу визначає швидкість висихання в перший період та час висихання. Тривалість установки та кількість модулів масообміну визначаються визначеним значенням часу перебування продукту в установці. На останньому етапі розраховується потужність ІЧ -випромінювачів окремого ІЧ -модуля та потужність НВЧ -випромінювачів одного мікрохвильового модуля.
Biosafety measures to prevent COVID-19 in healthcare professionals: an integrative review
Authors: Silva Olvani Martins da , Cabral Danielle Bezerra , Marin Sandra Mara , Bitencourt Julia Valeria de Oliveira Vargas , Vargas Mara Ambrosina de Oliveira , Meschial William Campo
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the main biosafety measures for preventing COVID-19 in healthcare professionals. Methods: this is an integrative literature review, with studies published between January and July 2020, on the MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, LILACS, SciELo, Wiley Online Library, Cochrane CINAHL databases. The selection of studies followed the PRISMA recommendations. Results: among the 2,208 publications identified, 12 studies comprised the sample, which enabled the analysis in four thematic categories: The importance of using recommendations about the use of personal protective equipment; The restructuring of new operational and clinical routines and flows in the practice of services; Monitoring professionals, especially testing; Conducting training. Conclusions: the phenomena involved are innumerable, covering operational management and the training of teams to deal with highly infectious pathogens and disease outbreaks.
Nitrogen fertilization and spacing in productivity and quality of passion fruit implanted with advanced seedlings
Authors: Mattar Gabriel Stefanini , Purquerio Luís Felipe Villani , Meletti Laura Maria Molina , Valentini Sílvia Regina de Toledo , Paula Laís Fernanda de , Duart Adriana Modolon
Published: September 2021

Abstract The use of advanced seedlings associated with the annual cultivation of passion fruit are important management techniques for living with the fruit-hardening virus (FEV). However, this technology still needs information on nitrogen fertilization and spacing between plants, so that it is possible to recover crop’s productivity. The objective of this research was to identify the nitrogen dose (N) and the most suitable spacing for annual orchards installed with advanced seedlings (1.2 m high) of yellow passion fruit. The experiment was carried out in the field, in Mogi Mirim, SP, between October 2017 and July 2018. A randomized block design was used in subdivided plots; the treatments were doses of N in coverage such as 0, 60, 120, 180 and 240 kg ha-1 and spacing between plants of 2.0 and 4.0 m and 3.0 m between lines. The dose found for maximum production, 15.4 kg of fruit pl-1, and adequate physical-chemical quality of the fruit for the yellow passion fruit was 130.7 kg ha-1 of N. The most densified spacing, of 2 x 3 m, provided greater productivity and number of thousand fruits per hectare, respectively, 20.7 t ha-1 and 139.5 thousand fruits ha-1.
mecA positive Staphylococcus spp. in bovine mastitis, milkers, milking environment, and the circulation of different MRSA clones at dairy cows farms in the Northeast region of Brazil
Authors: Silva José Givanildo da , Camargo Anderson Carlos , Melo Renata Pimentel Bandeira de , Aragão Breno Bezerra , Oliveira Junior Mário Baltazar de , Sena Maria José de , Nero Luís Augusto , Mota Rinaldo Aparecido
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT: This study detected the presence and distribution of mecA in Staphylococcus spp. in the dairy production environment at farm level in Brazil. We analyzed 335 samples of mastitis cow milk, 15 samples of nostrils and hand swabs from milkers, 14 teat cup swabs, and 9 milking buckets swabs. Initially, the samples were subjected to microbiological analysis to detect Staphylococcus spp. and then S. aureus and mecA positive isolates were identified by PCR. All S. aureus isolates carrying the mecA genes were subjected to DNA macro-restriction analysis by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE). The mecA gene was detected in 6/335 (1.78%) of mastitis cow milk, 5/15 (33.3%), and 5/15 (33.3%) of nostrils and hand swab, and 4/14 (28.5%) of the teat cup isolates. MRSA genotyping was performed by PFGE, a total of seven pulsotypes were grouped in two clusters. This study identified the occurrence and spread of MRSA at dairy environment of farms, and also the existence of distinct genetic profiles between isolates.
Detection of microorganisms with antibacterial activities from different industrial wastes and GC-MS analysis of crude microbial extract
Authors: Bano S. A. , Naz S. , Uzair B. , Hussain M. , Khan M. M. , Bibi H. , Habiba U. , Nisa S. , Israr M.
Published: September 2021

Abstract Many soil microorganisms’ i.e., bacteria and fungi produce secondary metabolites called antibiotics. These are used for the treatment of some of the bacterial, fungal and protozoal diseases of humans. There is a need for isolation of a broad spectrum of antibiotics from microorganisms due to the emergence of antibiotic resistance. In the present study two antibiotic producing bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae and Bacillus cereus were isolated from pharmaceutical and poultry feed industry of Hattar, Haripur Pakistan. Total 10 waste samples were collected from different industries (Marble, Ghee, Soap, Mineral, Steel, Poultry Feed, Pharmaceutical, Qarshi, Cosmetic and Glass). Thirty-three bacterial strains were isolated from industrial wastes of these ten different industries. Fourteen out of thirty-three bacterial strains exhibited antimicrobial activities against at least one of the test microbes considered in this study including Escherchia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi. The bacteria were isolated by standard serial dilution spread plate technique. Morphological characterization of the isolates was done by Gram staining. Nine bacterial isolates out of fourteen were initially identified as B. cereus and five as K. pneumoniae through biochemical characterization. The antibacterial activities were tested by well diffusion method. Maximum number of antibiotic producing bacteria were isolated from pharmaceutical and poultry feed industry based on the results of primary screening, the most potential isolates S9, S19, S20, S22 and S23 were selected for secondary screening. The maximum activity against E. coli and S. aureus was recorded by bacterial isolate S19 i.e zones of inhibition of 6.5mm and 9mm while S20 showed 7.5mm and 6mm zones respectively. Molecular identification was carried out on the basis of 16S rRNA sequence analysis. Finally, the isolates were identified as B. cereus accession number LC538271and K. pneumoniae accession number MT078679. Analysis of bacterial extract S20 through GC-MS indicated the presence of 8 compounds of diverse nature and structure. Present study suggests that wastes of pharmaceutical and poultry feed industry may have antibiotic producing bacteria. These bacteria could be utilized for the production of antibiotics. B. cereus and K. pneumoniae isolated from wastes of poultry feed and pharmaceutical industries have the potential to produce antibiotics and could be used to control the microbial growth.
Identification of locally isolated entomopathogenic Fusarium species from the soil of Changa Manga Forest, Pakistan and evaluation of their larvicidal efficacy against Aedes aegypti
Authors: Abrar A. , Sarwar S. , Abbas M. , Chaudhry H. , Ghani N. , Fatima A. , Tahir A.
Published: September 2021

Abstract Dengue fever vectored by the mosquito Aedes aegypti is one of the most rapidly spreading insect-borne diseases. Current reliance of dengue vector control is mostly on chemical insecticides. Growing insecticide resistance in the primary mosquito vector, Aedes aegypti, limits the effectiveness of vector control through chemical insecticides. These chemical insecticides also have negative environmental impacts on animals, plants and human health. Myco-biocontrol agents are naturally occurring organisms and are found to be less damaging to the environment as compared to chemical insecticides. In the present study, entomopathogenic potential of local strains of fungi isolated from soil was assessed for the control of dengue vector. Local fungal isolates presents better alternative to introducing a foreign biocontrol strain, as they may be better adapted to environmental conditions of the area to survive and may have more entomopathogenic efficacy against target organism. Larvicidal efficacy of Fusarium equiseti and Fusarium proliferatum was evaluated against Aedes aegypti. Local strains of F. equiseti (MK371718) and F. proliferatum (MK371715) were isolated from the soil of Changa Manga Forest, Pakistan by using insect bait method. Larvicidal activity of two Fusarium spp. was tested against forth instar larvae of A. aegypti in the laboratory, using concentrations 105, 106, 107 and 108 conidia /ml. LC50 values for F. equiseti after 24h, 48h, 72h and 96h of exposure were recorded as 3.8x 108, 2.9x107, 2.0x107, and 7.1x106 conidia /ml respectively while LC50 values for F. proliferatum were recorded as 1.21x108, 9.6x107, 4.2x107, 2.6x107 conidia /ml respectively after 24h, 48h, 72h and 96h of exposure. The results indicate that among two fungal strains F. equiseti was found to be more effective in terms of its larvicidal activity than F. proliferatum against larvae of A. aegypti.
Identification of terrestrial gastropods families found in district Swat, Pakistan
Authors: Rafiq N. , Ahmad S. Z. , Yasmeen G. , Baset A. , Iqbal M. A. , Khan A. , Naz S. , Ahmad S. , Khan T. , Kamal M. , Ali A.
Published: September 2021

Abstract Very little is known about the malacofauna in district Swat of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, situated in the Northern part of Pakistan. The Swat valley possesses a variety of suitable environmental conditions, providing different types of habitats for both flora and fauna. Taken into consideration these points, the present study was conducted to explore the terrestrial snails diversity in agricultural and non-agricultural fields in the lower Swat valley. A total of 417 shells were collected from three sites: Kokarai, Kanju Township, and Deolai. Based on conchological features, three families: Bradybaenidae, Hygromiidae, and Zonitidae were identified using different terrestrial snail keys. In Kokarai and Deolai, shells of members of all the above-mentioned families were found from agricultural fields. In Kanju Township, shells of members of the family Bradybaenidae and Zonitidae were found. From these findings, it was concluded that district Swat possesses a significant malacofauna which was unexplored before and aided more to the existing literature on malacofauna. It also supports the idea that the agroecosystem is rich in species diversity. Further in-depth and extensive study is recommended to be carried out for a detailed taxonomy of the described terrestrial gastropod families.
Enhancement of Annexin V in response to combination of epigallocatechin gallate and quercetin as a potent arrest the cell cycle of colorectal cancer
Authors: Al-Ghamdi Maryam A. , AL-Enazy A. , Huwait E.A , Albukhari A. , Harakeh S. , Moselhy Said S.
Published: September 2021

Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers leading to comorbidities and mortalities globally. The rational of current study was to evaluate the combined epigallocatechin gallate and quercetin as a potent antitumor agent as commentary agent for therapeutic protocol. The present study investigated the effect of epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) (150mg) and quercetin (200mg) at different proportions on proliferation and induction of apoptosis in human colon cancer cells (HCT-116). Cell growth, colonogenic, Annexin V in addition cell cycle were detected in response to phytomolecules. Data obtained showed that, the colony formation was inhibited significantly in CRC starting from the lowest concentration tested of 10 µg/mL resulting in no colonies as visualized by a phase-contrast microscope. Data showed a significant elevation in the annexin V at 100 µg/mL EGCG(25.85%) and 150 µg/mL quercetin (48.35%). Moreover, cell cycle analysis showed that this combination caused cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase at concentration of 100 µg/mL (72.7%) and 150 µg/mL (75.25%). The combined effect of epigallocatechin Gallate and quercetin exert antiproliferative activity against CRC, it is promising in alternative conventional chemotherapeutic agent.
Hyperhomocysteinemia as an Independent Risk Factor for Coronary Heart Disease. Comparison with Conventional Risk Factors
Authors: Muzaffar R. , Khan M. A. , Mushtaq M. H. , Nasir M. , Khan A. , Haq I. ul , Muhammad J.
Published: September 2021

Abstract The present study was designed to evaluate the strength of association of raised plasma homocysteine concentration as a risk factor for coronary heart disease independent of conventional risk factor. It was a case control study conducted at Punjab Institute of Cardiology Lahore. A total of 210 subjects aged 25 to 60 years comprising of 105 newly admitted patients of CHD as cases and 105 age and sex matched healthy individuals with no history of CHD as control were recruited for the study. Fasting blood samples were obtained from cases and controls. Plasma homocysteine was analyzed by fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) method on automated immunoassay analyzer (Abbott IMX). Total cholesterol, triglyceride and HDL cholesterol were analyzed using calorimetric kit methods. The concentration of LDL cholesterol was calculated using Friedewald formula. The patients were also assessed for traditional risk factors such as age, sex, family history of CVD, hypertension, smoking and physical activity, and were compared with control subjects. The collected data was entered in SPSS version 24 for analysis and interpretation.The mean age in controls and experimental groups were 43.00± 8.42 years and 44.72± 8.59 years with statistically same distribution (p- value= 0.144). The mean plasma homocysteine for cases was 22.33± 9.22 µmol/L where as it was 12.59±3.73 µmol/L in control group. Highly significant difference was seen between the mean plasma level of homocysteine in cases and controls (p˂0.001).Simple logistic regression indicates a strong association of coronary heart disease with hyperhomocysteinemia (OR 7.45), which remained significantly associated with coronary heart disease by multivariate logistic regression (OR 7.10, 95%C1 3.12-12.83, p=0.000). The present study concludes that elevated levels of Plasma homocysteine is an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease independent of conventional risk factors and can be used as an indicator for predicting the future possibility for the onset of CVD.
Propagação de incertezas usando planilhas eletrônicas
Authors: Figueiredo Rodrigo P. R. , Cardoso George C.
Published: September 2021

Propomos uma metodologia de propagação de incertezas por diferenças finitas para atividades de laboratório de ensino. O público-alvo da abordagem proposta são alunos que já adquiriram alguma maturidade na teoria de medidas e propagação de incertezas experimentais. O próprio aluno poderá implementar a metodologia em planilhas eletrônicas para análise de dados e propagação de incertezas. Visamos assim aumentar o controle e sofisticação do processamento dos dados pelo aluno, diminuir sua carga cognitiva e o tempo gasto na tarefa. Dessa forma, outras etapas também importantes da atividade de laboratório, incluindo planejamento, análise, e entendimento dos resultados e limitações do experimento, poderão ser desenvolvidas com mais cuidado.
Testing the capital structure of Portuguese family businesses
Authors: Pestana Luciana J. , Gomes Luís Pereira , Lopes Cristina
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT The main objective of this study is to empirically test capital structure decisions in Portuguese family-owned businesses under trade-off theory (TOT) and pecking order theory (POT) and attend to the relationships between family/business interaction and agency conflicts. Family-owned businesses are essential for the development of economies, but the financing logic they adopt is not yet adequately clarified by scientific research, especially as they are more exposed to the constraints of markets imperfections. The specific pattern of business ownership may affect the financing decision and the ability to obtain funds externally. This issue is more relevant in economies where family business initiatives and less sophisticated management strategies are expressive. The greater convergence of interests in family businesses and the consequent decrease in agency costs may lead to higher levels of recognized reputation and thus easier access to indebtedness. The empirical study uses static models and dynamic panel models in order to analyze data from 4,952 Portuguese family-owned firms over the period from 2009 to 2016: the TOT following the partial debt adjustment model, and the POT following the model of the impact of the deficit of funds on debt and the model of the relationship between debt and the determinants of financing. The results of the individual tests suggest that Portuguese family-owned businesses adjust debt at the target ratio, albeit influenced by adjustment costs that keep them distant from the optimal, as well as use sources other than debt when a financial deficit occurs. Although the impact of the financial deficit is greater in total debt ratio, the velocity of adjustment to the optimal level is higher in short-term debt. Evidence from a joint test confirms that both theories explain part of the capital structure of Portuguese family-owned businesses.
Academic dishonesty in stricto sensu postgraduate programs in accounting
Authors: Fróes Regina Cardoso , Silva Denise Mendes da
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT The aim of this article was to analyze academic dishonesty in stricto sensu postgraduate courses in accounting from the perspective of students, teachers, and teaching institutions. There is a gap in the research on academic dishonesty in stricto sensu postgraduate programs in accounting, especially from the analysis perspective of this study, which considers hypothetical situations classified into five categories of dishonesty: fraud/cheating, helping other students, plagiarism, fabricating information, and self-plagiarism/similarities. The study is important due to the role of stricto sensu postgraduate courses not only in training professionals who work or will work in public and private institutions, but also and primarily in training teachers and researchers. Dishonest behaviors can influence the professional lives of those involved, who are predominantly motivated by opportunistic interests that cause damage to the image of professionals in the area and to society. The data were collected through applying two questionnaires adapted from the studies of Braun and Stallworth (2009) and Oliveira and Chacarolli (2013). Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon statistical tests were used to analyze the data. The findings indicated the existence of an expectations gap between teachers and students regarding academic dishonesty in stricto sensu postgraduate programs in accounting. The significant differences found in perceptions regarding cases of dishonesty underline the difficulty for students and teachers to evaluate what is dishonest or not in situations of fraud/cheating and helping other students to engage in academic dishonesty. The differences in students’ and teachers’ perceptions may occur due to a lack of clear rules in the teaching institutions. Therefore, universities could undertake actions to address/prevent dishonest behaviors by establishing internal regulations and promoting discussions involving the whole academic community.
Fatigue and depression improvements on breast cancer survivors practitioners of strength training
Authors: Chaves Sandro Nobre , Lima Filipe Dinato de , Perondi Brenda Búrtuli , Vieira Jaqueline , Elias Julia de Moraes , Ribeiro Leonardo Amorim , Silva Achilles Khaluf Soares , Clael Sacha , Oliveira Ricardo Jacó de
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT Due to the high incidence of breast cancer worldwide, it is important to research and understand the physiological and psychological effects of this disease, like fatigue, depression, and capacity to do daily life tasks and how they modify physical activity. This study aimed to analyze the effects of strength training practice on physical fatigue (IMF-20), depression (Beck questionnaire), handgrip strength, and functional performance (time up and go). The sample was composed of 17 women breast cancer survivors, in which 8 volunteers were strength training practitioners for at least 6 months (P), and 9 volunteers were non-practitioners (NP). The T-test identified significant differences (p>0.05) between groups on fatigue (P=7.37±1.76; NP= 10.77±3.41; p=0.02) and depression (P= 8.75±5.20; NP= 14.55±4.21). There was no significant difference between groups on handgrip strength and functional performance.
PREVALENCE AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH LOCOMOTIVE SYNDROME IN COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Silva Tereza Cristina Araújo da , Figueiredo Maria do Livramento Fortes , Costa Ana Clara dos Santos e Silva , Rocha Eukália Pereira da , Borges Luana Maria Costa , Darder Juan José Tirado
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze prevalence and the factors associated with locomotive syndrome in community-dwelling older adults. Method: a cross-sectional study, developed in a municipal center for the care of older adults in Teresina, Piauí, Brazil. The sample was for convenience and comprised 204 older adults aged 60 years or more, of both genders and with preserved cognitive capacity, according to parameters of the Mini Mental State Examination. Data collection occurred from March to November 2018, by applying a form for sociodemographic, clinical and falls occurrence characterization and the 25-item Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale. To measure the strength of the associations between the variables, odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were adopted. The statistical significance level was set at 5% for the analyses. Results: the prevalence of locomotive syndrome found was 37.2%. The factors associated with the presence of locomotive syndrome were individual monthly income (p=0.005); existence of one of the following comorbidities: systemic arterial hypertension (p=0.039), osteoporosis (p=0.016), arthrosis (p<0.001) or obesity (p=0.014); and history of hospitalization in the last year (p=0.007). Conclusion: the prevalence of locomotive syndrome found in this study was low and presented higher levels in older adults, with an individual monthly income of two to three minimum wages; who reported having hypertension, osteoporosis, arthrosis or obesity; and with a history of hospitalization in the last year. The health condition investigated showed to be related to aging, with significant repercussions on functionality.
NURSES' PERCEPTIONS ABOUT THE FEEDING OF PRETERM NEWBORNS
Authors: Brantes Ana Lúcia Gonçalves , Curado Maria Alice dos Santos
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze nurses' perceptions about the feeding of preterm newborns and their motivations in using feeding methods during hospitalization in the neonatology unit. Method: descriptive study with a qualitative approach. Data collection was carried out between July 2019 and January 2020, using semi-structured interviews with 30 nurses from a neonatology unit. The analysis of interview data was carried out using lexicographical textual analysis, the descending hierarchical classification, and similarity analysis through IRaMuTeQ - R Interface software. Results: 876 text segments were analyzed in the descending hierarchical classification, retaining 86.3% of the total for the creation of five classes that resulted from content participation. The similarity analysis of the words representing the nurses' perception about oral feeding and the choice of feeding method led to three central cores, represented by the words: think, give, bottle. Conclusion: Nurses recognize the importance of continuing education and training in the assessment of oral skills. The reason for choosing the feeding method is often based on criteria such as preference, speed, and ease.
Enseñanza de lenguas y el mito del hablante nativo
Authors: Angelucci Thalita Camargo , Pozzo María Isabel
Published: September 2021

Resumen El lenguaje confiere al ser su condición de existencia, en tanto ser humano deseante inserto en una cultura (Revuz, 1998). En el contexto migratorio actual, los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje de lenguas se ponen de relieve. Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar una revisión teórica respecto a la concepción de hablante nativo como un mito (Lippi-Green, 1997; Mariño, 2011; Rajagopalan, 1997) en el ámbito de la enseñanza de lenguas. Se adopta la perspectiva sociolingüística de Bagno (2007) que propone la variación lingüística como el estado natural de las lenguas. Desde esta perspectiva, la norma estándar funciona como modelo artificial de lengua, que neutraliza las diferencias. A su vez, el concepto de hablante nativo que viene sosteniendo la didáctica de lenguas extranjeras da cuenta de un sujeto ideal, no real, por lo tanto, inalcanzable (Chacón, 2010; Coracini, 2007). Estos aspectos atraviesan los vínculos entre profesores y estudiantes de lenguas, escenario de nuestros interrogantes.
Meritocracia: origens do termo e desdobramentos no sistema educacional do Reino Unido
Authors: Mazza Moisés Giordano , Mari Cezar Luiz De
Published: September 2021

Resumo Este artigo examina o surgimento e uso do conceito meritocracia e os desdobramentos no sistema educacional inglês. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica cujo objetivo é levantar as discussões sobre o mérito em termos de suas origens, na obra do sociólogo britânico Michael Young, The Rise of the Meritocracy (1958) e a experiência meritocrática na reforma da educação inglesa na segunda metade do século XX. Encontramos em John Locke a fonte para entender as razões pelas quais o período moderno valoriza o mérito em detrimento da hereditariedade, e na reforma realizada no Reino Unido por Margareth Thatcher (1979-1990) encontramos o economista Milton Friedman como principal intelectual orgânico a fundamentar a adoção do mérito como critério no sistema educacional contemporâneo.
Meritocracy: origins of the term and developments in the UK education system
Authors: Mazza Moisés Giordano , Mari Cezar Luiz De
Published: September 2021

Resumo Este artigo examina o surgimento e uso do conceito meritocracia e os desdobramentos no sistema educacional inglês. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica cujo objetivo é levantar as discussões sobre o mérito em termos de suas origens, na obra do sociólogo britânico Michael Young, The Rise of the Meritocracy (1958) e a experiência meritocrática na reforma da educação inglesa na segunda metade do século XX. Encontramos em John Locke a fonte para entender as razões pelas quais o período moderno valoriza o mérito em detrimento da hereditariedade, e na reforma realizada no Reino Unido por Margareth Thatcher (1979-1990) encontramos o economista Milton Friedman como principal intelectual orgânico a fundamentar a adoção do mérito como critério no sistema educacional contemporâneo.
Prevalência e fatores associados à polifarmácia excessiva em pessoas idosas institucionalizadas do Sul do Brasil
Authors: Mascarelo Andréia , Bortoluzzi Emanuelly Casal , Hahn Siomara Regina , Alves Ana Luisa Sant’Anna , Doring Marlene , Portella Marilene Rodrigues
Published: September 2021

Resumo Objetivo Verificar a prevalência e os fatores associados à polifarmácia excessiva em pessoas idosas institucionalizadas. Método Estudo transversal com 478 pessoas idosas residentes em instituições de longa permanência para idosos. A variável dependente foi polifarmácia excessiva, definida como o uso concomitante de dez ou mais medicamentos. As variáveis independentes incluíram informações sociodemográficas e de saúde. Utilizou-se a regressão de Poisson com variância robusta para analisar o efeito das variáveis independentes em relação ao desfecho. Resultados A prevalência de polifarmácia excessiva foi de 29,3%, associada à cardiopatia (RP=1,40; IC95% 1,03-1,91), diabetes mellitus (RP=1,52; IC95% 1,15-2,01), depressão (RP=1,42; IC95% 1,08-1,87), internação hospitalar no último ano (RP=1,36; IC95% 1,02-1,80) e ao uso de medicamento potencialmente inapropriado para idosos (RP=2,13; IC95% 1,60-2,83). Conclusão A polifarmácia excessiva foi frequente entre pessoas idosas institucionalizadas. Os resultados sugerem que as doenças prevalentes entre pessoas idosas, a hospitalização e o uso de medicamentos potencialmente inapropriados são fatores para o uso de polifarmácia excessiva nessa população. Esses achados podem instruir ações com vistas à otimização da farmacoterapia prescrita às pessoas idosas.
The disruptive innovation and the pre-texts methodology
Authors: Oliveira Camila Maciel de , Balcells Mercedes , Sommer Doris
Published: September 2021

Abstract: Introduction: The experience report describes the protocol used in one of the activities carried out during the initiative aimed at the search for health impact solutions through disruptive innovation - “IDEA2 Global, Guidance and transforming connections for innovators in medical technology”, in May 2019, at the Institute of Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (IMES MIT). Experience report: The Pre-Texts methodology was chosen to stimulate creativity and instill the curiosity inherent in the search for solutions to complex problems, through the reading of a challenging text and related activities in a workshop format. Bringing together professionals from various segments and nationalities, the two-hour and forty-five-minute period was the time spent on the workshop inspired by practices from some Latin American countries. Discussion: Through observation, it was observed that participants were engaged and fascinated by hands-on activities, amid the active reading of a text on neural connections in creative processes. The feedback from the evaluation on the workshop confirmed the facilitators’ impression. Conclusion: The Pre-Texts methodology is a strategy that can be applied in heterogeneous groups and can include skills such as creativity and collaboration. Thus, the use of this methodology should be encouraged in other similar situations.
A PESQUISA BRASILEIRA EM ANÁLISE DE NARRATIVA EM TEMPOS DE “PÓS-VERDADE”
Authors: Biar Liana de Andrade , Orton Naomi , Bastos Liliana Cabral
Published: September 2021

Resumo Este artigo apresenta métodos e pressupostos teórico-epistemológicos subjacentes à pesquisa discursiva informada pela Análise de Narrativa, que combina técnicas etnográficas com diretrizes analíticas oriundas das tradições de análises discursivas e da Sociolinguística Interacional. Enfoca especialmente a relação entre o campo supramencionado e a pesquisa social transdisciplinar contemporânea, e toma como exemplos algumas das pesquisas conduzidas no âmbito do grupo de pesquisa Narrativa e Interação Social (NAVIS). Adicionalmente, busca contribuir para o debate provocado pelas crises da validade e da representação, contemplando as repercussões práticas das inovações despertadas pelo cenário da pesquisa qualitativa atual no contexto das pesquisas do grupo.
CINEMA, IDEOLOGIA E INCONSCIENTE: COLIN MACCABE, STEPHEN HEATH E A SCREEN THEORY
Authors: Souza Luiz Carlos Martins de
Published: September 2021

Resumo Abordagens do funcionamento da ideologia, da discursividade e da subjetividade foram desenvolvidas e convergiram nos estudos cinematográficos nos anos 1970, na França e na Grã-Bretanha. Tais desenvolvimentos e convergência sucederam com o engajamento político de intelectuais, a partir da influência de Louis Althusser e Jacques Lacan. Esta retrospectiva resgata uma das principais perspectivas na história dos Estudos Cinematográficos, a Screen Theory, através das ideias dos editores da Screen Magazine nos anos 1970, Colin MacCabe e Stephen Heath. Explicita-se nela a influência do filósofo francês Michel Pêcheux, até então ignorada no Brasil e na França, e as consequências de sua “posição-sujeito” nos debates sobre a Screen Theory. A crítica da relação entre o Outro em Lacan e o Sujeito Universal em Althusser, e seu desdobramento no conceito de “posição-sujeito” em Pêcheux, são contribuições fundamentais dessa experiência para a perspectiva brasileira dos estudos materialistas da discursividade.
Construção do saber médico: crítica ético-política
Authors: Nas Elen , Siqueira-Batista Rodrigo
Published: September 2021

Resumo Este texto é um comentário ao livro Natural, racional, social: razão médica e racionalidade científica moderna, de Madel T. Luz. Sua crítica à racionalidade e à metodologia científica baseia-se no reconhecimento de um quê ideológico nessas dimensões, delineado principalmente a partir da Revolução Industrial. As reflexões da autora buscam respostas para explicar a marginalização de outros modos de lidar com a realidade (com destaque para o vitalismo, cuja presença é marcante na homeopatia), que foram e ainda são atacados pelo modelo hegemônico instituído pela ciência moderna. Ressalta-se que a estética desempenha um papel importante na produção e disseminação do conhecimento, como base capaz de ampliar a visão para diferentes perspectivas de racionalidade e de elaboração ética.
Combati um bom combate, terminei a corrida, mantive a fé
Authors: Nascimento Nathalie da Costa , Delboni Miriam Cabrera Corvelo
Published: September 2021

Resumo Cuidados paliativos são fornecidos por uma equipe multiprofissional com o fim de promover a qualidade de vida de sujeitos e familiares que enfrentam doenças que ameaçam a continuidade da vida. Como parte dessa equipe, os terapeutas ocupacionais desenvolvem suas ações visando produzir sentidos e sustentar a motivação dos sujeitos. Tomando como base o referencial teórico sobre assistência paliativa, terapia ocupacional e bioética, este artigo relata uma experiência de cuidado de um sujeito em cuidados paliativos em contexto hospitalar. O objetivo é promover a terapia ocupacional como parte importante dos cuidados paliativos oncológicos, tendo em vista que, num contexto de dificuldades e limitações causadas pela doença avançada, as intervenções relatadas se mostraram eficazes. O sujeito do cuidado pôde encontrar um caminho que conferiu sentido a sua história de vida.
Sigilo, anonimato e confidencialidade de doadores de sangue com HIV
Authors: Hokama Newton Key , Bonequini Junior Pedro , Hokama Paula de Oliveira Montandon
Published: September 2021

Resumo Na ocorrência de resultado positivo para HIV em triagem sorológica para doação, o serviço de hemoterapia deve, além de descartar a bolsa de sangue, encaminhar o doador ao serviço de referência. A situação, no entanto, traz dilemas éticos implícitos, vivenciados cotidianamente pelos profissionais da área. Assim, o objetivo do presente estudo é revisar pormenorizadamente a legislação sobre o assunto, desenvolvendo reflexões necessárias. Tendo em vista que a condição de ser portador de HIV/aids está envolta em preconceitos, discriminações e repercussões sociais negativas, é fundamental que o profissional da hemoterapia responsável por comunicar a inaptidão esteja ciente do sigilo e da confidencialidade das informações e devidamente capacitado para atuar nessa situação. O artigo defende a comunicação plena da inaptidão sorológica ao doador.