bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Virulence Gene Activity of Agrobacterium in Muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) cv. ‘Birdie’
Authors: MOHIUDDIN Abul K.M. , ABDULLAH Zaliha C. , CHOWDHURY Kamal , HARIKRISHNA Kulaveerasingam , NAPIS Suhaimi
Published: April 2018

Muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) cultivar ‘Birdie’, was evaluated for its response to the tumorigenic Agrobacterium tumefaciens and the oncogenic A. rhizogenes strains. Stem and petiole of three week-old in vitro-grown muskmelon plants were inoculated with five strains of A. tumefaciens and A. rhizogenes each and observed phenotypic expressions i.e. induction of crown galls and hairy roots. This phenotypic expression was efficaciously increased when virulence gene activity of different strains of two Agrobacterium species was enhanced. Intensive studies on enhancement of virulence gene activity of Agrobacterium found to be correlated to the appropriate light intensity (39.3 μmol m-2 s-1) with a specific concentration of monocyclic phenolic compound, acetosyringone (20 μM). The gene activity was also influenced by several other physical factors e.g. plant tissue type, Agrobacterium species and their strains, and plant tissue-Agrobacterium interaction. Among the different A. tumefaciens strains, LBA4404 showed the best virulence gene activity in both stem and petiole through the formation of higher rate of crown galls. On the other hand, strain 15834 of A. rhizogenes showed better gene activity in stem and 8196 in petiole through the formation of higher rate of hairy roots as well as higher average number of hairy roots. Among the two different types of explants, petiole was more susceptible to both Agrobacterium species. Thus it was concluded that future muskmelon transformation study can efficiently be carried out with LBA4404, 15834 and 8196 strains using petiole explants by adding 20 μM of acetosyringone in the medium.
Authors: ESMAEILPOUR Behrooz , MALEKI LAJAYER Hassan , KESHVARZI Leila , POURBEYRAMI HIR Younes
Published: April 2018

The aim of this study was to assess the potential in vitro effect of hinokitiol on improvement of tomato seedling resistance to salinity stress. Effect of hinokitiol was compared with two anti-stress compounds, salicylic acid and paclobutrazol. Leaf numbers, shoot and root fresh weight and root fresh weight were recorded after about 8 weeks. Salt stress was accomplished by application of two levels of pure NaCl (50 and 100 mM) on MS basal medium. The treatments consisted of different concentrations of hinokitiol (0, 1, 5 and 10 ppm), paclobutrazol (0, 1, 2 and 4 ?M) and salicylic acid (0, 0.01, 0.1 and 1 mM). Results revealed that salinity blocked seed germination in media containing only 100 mM of pure NaCl without any treatment. In general all three compounds increased tomato seedling growth, indicating these compounds are able to alleviate the negative effect of salinity on tomato plants. However, Hinokitiol was the most efficient compound. Compared with SA, application of hinokitiol significantly increased leaf numbers, shoot length and shoot and root dry weight. Also, media containing different concentrations of hinokitiol produced higher root and shoot fresh weight than control and other treatments. Future physiological studies are needed to clarify the mechanism of induction of salt tolerance activity by hinokitiol.
Effect of Shoot Pruning and Flower Thinning on Quality and Quantity of Semi-Determinate Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)
Authors: HESAMI Abdolali , SARIKHANI KHORAMI Saadat , HOSSEINI Seyedeh Samaneh
Published: April 2018

There are many constraints of space, light and availability of fruits to harvest in tomatoes greenhouse. Therefore, two experiments were carried out to determine the effect of shoot pruning and flower thinning on quality and quantity of fruits of semi-determinate tomato in a greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Persian Gulf University of Bushehr. Experimental design was randomized complete block designs in which the effect of shoot pruning (single branch pruning, double branch pruning, pyramidal pruning and control) or flower thinning (Cluster with 4 and 5 remained flowers and control) were studied separately. Results showed that, leaf area and plants yield were higher in treatments which were pruned than control. Yields from pyramidal pruning and cluster thinning with 5 remaining flowers were significantly higher than other treatments. On the other hand, qualitative study identified that pyramidal pruning increases vitamin C in fruits, but had no significant effect on total soluble solids.
The C677T Variant in the Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene and Idiopathic Spontaneous Abortion in a Romanian Population Group
Authors: POPP Radu A. , CRISAN Tania O. , TRIFA Adrian P. , MILITARU Mariela S. , ROTAR Ioana C. , FARCAS Marius F. , POP Ioan V.
Published: April 2018

Spontaneous abortions (SA) are a major public health problem and a frequent pregnancy associated disorder. Hereditary thrombophilia and hyperhomocysteinemia are considered to be important factors altering the placental circulation, the in utero development and the evolution of pregnancy. The MTHFR gene (methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase) exhibits an intensely studied polymorphism, C677T, that was repeatedly associated with hyperhomocysteinemia, increased thrombotic risk and was studied in relation with SA susceptibility. This study was aim to assessing the correlation of this polymorphism with idiopathic sporadic or recurrent SA in a Romanian population. In the case-control study, 131 patients with a history of SA and 135 women with no SA and at least one uneventful term delivery were included. The PCR-RFLP technique (Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) was used to genotype the cases and controls and the results were analysed using the ?2 test. The present analysis indicates that the MTHFR 677TT homozygous genotype is positively associated with recurrent idiopathic SA (OR 2.493, 95%CI 0.974, 6.379, p-value 0.06). This association was no longer observed in sporadic SA patients (OR 1.214, 95%CI 0.488, 3.017, p-value 0.814). In conclusion, the present study is consistent with previous reports which state that the presence of MTHFR 677T variant in homozygous status could represent a genetic susceptibility factor for recurrent idiopathic SA. Moreover, this is the first attempt to investigate this correlation in a Romanian group and to offer epidemiological support in estimating the frequencies of some common genetic variants in the Romanian population.
Introduction pages
Authors: SESTRAS Radu E.
Published: April 2018

Introduction pages
Antimicrobial Activity of Some Synthetic Compounds on Fungi Associated with Post Harvest Rot of Red Pepper (Capsicum annum)
Authors: KOLAWOLE Matthew O. , ANIBIJUWON Ibikunle I. , ADETITUN David O. , BABATUNDE Shola K. , ANJORIN Efuntoye
Published: April 2018

Rhizopus sp, Mucor sp, Collectotrichum capsici and Geotrichum candidum were isolated but pathogenic test revealed that Collectotrichum capsici and Geotrichum candidum were the most pathogenic of all the isolates. Ni2+ + Azo has the highest inhibitory effect, closely followed by Ni2+ + PAN while Copper (II) complex of Thiourea has the lowest inhibitory effect. However, 10mg/ml concentration proved to be the most effective when radial mycelial growth of the test fungi was measured. The inhibitory effects of each complex on the isolates increases with increase in incubation period. There is the feasibility of using synthetic

associated with the symptoms. The three synthetic compounds, Copper (II) complex of Thiourea, Ni2+ + compounds as preservatives for harvested red pepper.
Lead Toxicity and The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Testicular Axis
Authors: AIT HAMADOUCHE Nadia , NESRINE Sadi , ABDELKEDER Aoues
Published: April 2018

Environmental exposure to toxic levels of lead (Pb) occurs in a number of industries with potential adverse effects on the reproductive capacity of exposed men. Clinical and animal studies indicate that abnormalities of spermatogenesis result from toxic lead exposure, but eventual histopathologic alterations involved have not been identified. To explore putative abnormalities in the reproductive gonadotropic axis following lead intoxication, experimental animals when exposed to low levels of lead, 65 days old animals were treated with distilled water containing 0, 0 mg (control), 10 mg lead (Pb)/Kg/day and 15 mg lead (Pb)/Kg/day intraperitoneally for 20 days. At the end of treatment, the animals were sacrificed and the blood collected for luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone assays. The testis was processed for histological analysis. The results showed a high serum concentration of LH and testosterone in lead-treated animals compared to controls. Histological examination of testis showed deformities in testicular morphology of lead intoxicated animals with gross damage within the somniferous tubules. A strong correlation was established between LH and testosterone suggesting an alteration in the endocrine components of the gonadotropic axis. Histological examination of pituitary gland showed some degenerative changes in endocrine cells of lead group. Changes in LH and testosterone levels suggest that Pb exposure during the critical time of sexual differentiation induces reproductive axis abnormalities in adulthood. In conclusion, lead has a gonadotoxic effect by decreasing LH and testosterone levels and damaging the testis seminiferous tubules. Catalase activity was significantly reduced in the lead group following 65 days of exposure which possibly indicates that lead might had other mechanisms of action, such as increasing oxidative damage.
Chilling Tolerance Improving of Watermelon Seedling by Salicylic Acid Seed and Foliar Application
Authors: SAYYARI Mohammad , GHANBARI Fardin , FATAHI Sajad , BAVANDPOUR Fatemeh
Published: April 2018

Chilling temperatures lead to numerous physiological disturbances in the cells of chilling-sensitive plants and result in chilling injury and death of tropical and subtropical plants such as watermelon. In this study, the possibility of cold stress tolerance enhancing of watermelon seedling (Citrullus lanatus) by exogenous application of Salicylic acid (SA) was investigated. SA was applied through seed soaking or foliar spray at 0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 mM concentration. After SA treatment, the seedlings were subjected to chilling 5 h/day at 4°C for 5 days. Statistical analysis showed significant effects of the application methods and SA concentrations on plant growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments, electrolyte leakage, proline and chilling injury index. SA application improved growth parameters and increased chlorophyll content of watermelon seedling subjected to chilling stress and provided significant protection against chilling stress compared to non-SA-treated seedlings. Although two SA application methods improved chilling stress tolerance, seed soaking method provided better protection compared to foliar spray method. SA ameliorated the injury caused by chilling stress via inhibiting proline accumulation and leaf electrolyte leakage. The highest cold tolerance was obtained with 0.5 mM SA application. Results indicate that SA could be used effectively to protect watermelon seedling from damaging effects of chilling stress at the early stages of growth.
Germination and Seedling Development of Seeds from Different Parkia biglobosa (Jacq) G. Don Trees
Authors: ADEYEMI Christiana O. , OLORUNMAIYE Kehinde S. , ORHUAMEN Elizabeth O. , OGUNSOLA Kike O.
Published: April 2018

The effect of daylight, continuous illumination and acid scarification on the seed germination and seedling vegetative growth (epicotyl and hypocotyl lengths, and number of secondary roots) of different Parkia biglobosawere investigated in the Plant Physiology Laboratory University of Ilorin, Ilorin Kwara State Nigeria. Seeds from two out of the twenty six Parkia tree samples (trees B and T) germinated within 24 hours of planting in the daylight germination study while seeds from another tree (Q) did not germinate until the third week after planting (3WAP). Some seeds have higher germination percentage both in the daylight (preliminary germination study) and in the continuous light (illuminated study). The treatment with concentrated Sulphric acid (conc. H2SO4)was effective in breaking the seed dormancy as seeds from eight (8) trees produced one hundred percent (100%) germination. At p= 0.05 the length of epicotyl and hypocoty1 lengths were significantly different as seedling vegetative growth were long in the seedlings from the daylight experiment than the continuous light experiment. The vegetative growths of the seedlings from the scarified seed were longer at 15min of scarification in all except in trees F and Z. It was observed that the time of scarification affect the both seed germination and seedling development.
Effect of Salicylic Acid on Alleviating of Electrolyte Leakage and Flower Organ Damage in Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L. cv. ‘Shahroudi’)
Authors: ALIREZAIE NOGHONDAR Morteza , BAYAT Hassan , NEAMATI Hossein
Published: April 2018

One of the most important limiting factors in spread of apricot in Iran is late spring frost, which damages flower bud and decrease total yield of crop. It has been found that salicylic acid (SA) plays a beneficial role during plant response to chilling and freezing stresses. To evaluate the effects of salicylic acid on alleviating of cold stress, the flower buds (FBs) of Prunus armeniaca L. cv. ‘Shahroudi’ were sprayed at pink cluster stage with SA at 4 levels (0, 0.5, 1 and 2 mM) and were then exposed to artificial cold stress (4 h at -4°C) or without cold stress (+ 25). Experimental attributes including electrolyte leakage of FBs and percentage of damage (PD) of pistil, anthers and petals to temperature treatments were determined. The results showed that at -4°C the lowest and highest PD and EL of FBs were observed in application of 0.5 and 0 mM SA, respectively. The highest and lowest PD of flower organ and EL were obtained in application of 0 and 2 mM SA, respectively at +25°C. Based on the results of this experiment, SA alleviates the negative effect of cold stress on electrolyte leakage and flower organ damages in apricot cv. ‘Shahroudi’, depending on the concentrations of SA used.
Genetic Diversity in Commercial Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) Varieties from Turkey as Revealed by RAPD
Authors: ÖZBEK Özlem , GIDIK Betül Uçar
Published: April 2018

In cultivated commercial crop species, genetic diversity tends to decrease because of the extensive breeding processes. Therefore, germplasm of commercial crop species, such as Brassica napus L. should be evaluated and the genotypes, which have higher genetic diversity index, should be addressed as potential parental cross materials in breeding programs. In this study, the genetic diversity was analysed by using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA analysis (RAPD) technique in nine Turkish commercial rapeseed varieties. The RAPD primers (10-mer oligonucleotides) produced 51 scorable loci, 31 loci of which were polymorphic (60.78%) and 20 loci (39.22%) were monomorphic The RAPD bands were scored as binary matrix data and were analysed using POPGENE version 1.32. At locus level, the values of genetic diversity within population (Hs) and total (HT) were 0.15 and 0.19 respectively. The genetic differentiation (GST) and the gene flow (Nm) values between the populations were 0.20 and 2.05 respectively. The mean number of alleles (na), the mean number of effective alleles (nae), and the mean value of genetic diversity (He) were 2.00, 1.26, and 0.19 respectively. According to Pearson’s correlation, multiple regression and principal component analyses, eco-geographical conditions in combination had significant effect on genetic indices of commercial B. napus L. varieties were discussed.
Assessment of Wetland Water Quality and Avian Diversity of a Human-Modified Floodplain Wetland on River Yamuna
Authors: MANRAL Upma , KHUDSAR Faiyaz A.
Published: April 2018

Okhla Bird Sanctuary (OBS) is an Important Bird Area, which comes under the protected area network of Uttar Pradesh with one-third area lying in the state of Delhi (India). OBS has widest flood plains along the Delhi stretch of river Yamuna and is important in conserving the ecological wealth of floodplains of the river. Rapid urbanization and industrialization and discharge of untreated wastewater into the river have resulted in deteriorated water quality. The present study focused on assessment of water quality, aquatic flora and avifaunal diversity in the OBS. Water quality was analyzed following methods of APHA. For vegetation analysis, sub-merged and free-floating plants were scooped up from five randomly selected sites. Total bird counts were conducted for water birds and species richness, evenness and Shannon-Weaver species diversity indices were calculated. Results indicate that the organic load is very high in the wetland as evident from low levels of dissolved oxygen (2.26 ± 1.62 mg/l) and high Biological and Chemical Oxygen Demands (15.20 ± 3.75 mg/l, 44.60 ± 12.07 mg/l). Nine species of free-floating and submerged plants were recorded; Hydrilla verticillata, Vallisneria spiralis, Azolla pinnata and Ceratophyllum demersum dominated both deep and shallow water areas. 52 species of waterbirds including four near-threatened species viz., Anhinga melanogaster, Mycteria leucocephala, Threskiornis melanocephalus and Aythya nyroca were recorded. OBS provides opportunities for conservation in a metropolitan area, thus, appropriate measures should be taken to maintain its ecological integrity.
Influence of Biophysical Priming on Seed Germination and Yield on Two Landraces of Lemon-Balm (Melissa officinalis L.)
Authors: HOSEINI Marziyeh , MIRSHEKARI Bahram , BABAZADEH-IGDIR Hajiyeh
Published: April 2018

The aim is to study the effects of physical seed priming on germination and yield of lemon balm. Laboratory and pots experiments were conducted as factorial based on completely randomized design. The treatments are magnetic field with 75 mT for 10 and 15 min durations; laser light with 2 mw.cm-2 for 20 min; ultrasonic wave with physiotrapy device for 20 min; cs-gamma ray for one hour in lead cell, and control that were applied on two landraces of lemon balm (‘Karaj’, ‘Esfahan’). Then in laboratory with use of special paper and pure water the seeds were cultured in petri-dishes and were putt in germinator with 19°C temperature for 8 days and were counted daily. Some parts of primed seeds were stored in normal condition for 6 months and were cultured in laboratory condition. All the primed seeds were farmed in pots. Three months later the plants were harvested in first blooming level and dry weight and essential oil percentage were measured. Results showed that the influence of various treatments on germination percentage and germination rate were significant. Magnetic field treatment (15 min) showed the highest positive effect on percentage (86%), and rate. The length and weight of seedling in magnetic field treatment were the highest in comparison with other ones. Considering physiological characteristics, the higher Leaf Area Ratio and Leaf Area Index were seen in magnetic field. Effect of different treatments on plant height, biomass dry weight and essential oil concentration was significant.
Performance of Jatropha curcas L. in Semi-arid Zone: Seed Germination, Seedling Growth and Early Field Growth
Authors: AHAMAD Sharif , JOSHI Soumai Kant , ARIF Mohommad , AHMED Zakwan
Published: April 2018

There is a lack of information on basic agronomic properties of Jatropha curcas L. (jatropha) cultivation on the marginal lands in the semi-arids. Evaluation of agronomic performance of identified elite strains of J. curcas in marginal lands would be of paramount importance for addressing gap areas in their agronomic properties and subsequently for harnessing their optimum economic potentials. The present study undertook the task of analysing the growth performance of a high oil bearing elite strain of J. curcas–DARL-2 in degraded land in semi-arid zone of Deccan Plateau, India. While undertaking the assessment of growth performance of elite strain DARL-2, two other native (wild) strains (namely AHN-1 and AHN-2) of J. curcas were also considered so that a comparative evaluation could be carried out. The role of gypsum was also investigated on J. curcas in the nursery stage as well its carry over effects on growth performance of transplanted trees in the field. Two types of substrates, gypsum-treated soil (GS) and untreated soil (SL) were used for growing seedlings of all the three jatropha strains. Seedlings (120-days-old) of DARL-2 exhibited greater plant height, collar diameter and number of branches but root length was greater in the local strains. In the second year of field transplantation, DARL-2 strain exhibited significantly (p<0.05) greater plant height and number of branches/plant. No carry over effects of gypsum treatment were observed in field transplanted plants as none of the growth parameters significantly varied among the substrate types.
In-vitro Sensitivity of Selected Enteric Bacteria to Extracts of Allium sativum L.
Authors: AREKEMASE Musa O. , ADETITUN David O. , OYEYIOLA Ganiyu P.
Published: April 2018

Garlic has been used throughout all of recorded history for culinary and medicinal reasons. The portion of the plant most often consumed is an underground storage structure called a head. The antimicrobial effects of Allium sativum (garlic) against some bacterial isolates were investigated using the agar diffusion well method. Standard methods were used to carry out the investigation. Photochemical analyses of the ethanolic extracts showed the presence of many secondary metabolites such as saponins, tannins, alkaloid steroids and glycosides. The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of the agent (garlic) was determined for both the aqueous and ethanolic extract. The ethanolic extract was more effective than the aqueous extract, inhibiting all the test organisms. While the aqueous extracts was effective against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Garlic extracts are strictly broad-spectrum with immune boosting phytonutrients from Allium ‘family’. Further research will need to be done to carry out the purification of the active ingredients which have potential for combating human disease. Also, toxicological studies need to be evaluated.
Taxonomic Evaluation of Fifteen Species of Ipomoea L. (Convolvulaceae) from South-Western Nigeria using Foliar Micromorphological Characters
Authors: FOLORUNSO Abayomi Ezekiel
Published: April 2018

Foliar micromorphological study was carried out on I. triloba, I. eriocarpa, I. alba, I. hederifolia, I. muricata, I. intrapilosa, I. asarifolia, I. batatas, I. aquatica, I. mauritiana, I. carnea, I.involucrata, I. nil, I. heterotricha and I. obscura to determine the patterns of variation in their epidermal characteristics and search for useful and stable anatomical characters for the identification of the species. Leaf epidermal features that provided useful specific distinctions are cell shape, anticlinal wall pattern, stomata shape, stomata type, trichome, cuticular striations, crystal, granular periclinal wall, stomata size, stomata index, scale and tannin. The characters revealed interrelationships among the Ipomoea species and also suggest their monophyly.
Bioactivity of Five Essential Oils Against Bruchidius incarnatus (Bohemann, 1833)
Authors: FOUAD Hany Ahmed
Published: April 2018

In the world, the faba bean beetle Bruchidius incarnatus (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) is an important insect-pest, especially on faba bean Vicia faba (Leguminosae) and it can infest field crops and cause severe damage in storage. Essential oils can be an alternative method to synthetic insecticides for pest management, due to their efficiency and environmental safety. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the toxicity and repellent activity of essential oils of camphor (Eucalyptus globules), castor (Ricinus communis), cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), clove (Syzygium aromaticum) and mustard (Brassica rapa) against B. incarnatus adults. The treatments which contained essential oils at 0.5, 1, 2 and 4% and acetone (control) were applied. All essential oils with 4% concentration repelled the B. incarnatus adult except castor oil. The percentage of repellence was higher when used essential oil of cinnamon with 2 and 4% concentration compared with other essential oils and concentrations. In residual film experiment, the cinnamon oil had the highest toxicity rate on B. incarnatus adult fallowed by clove, camphor, mustard and the lowest effect was by castor oil. Based on our results, I can conclude that essential oils of camphor, cinnamon, clove and mustard have potential for use in the integrated management of B. incarnatus adult.
Biochemical Studies in Some Indigenous Dye Yielding Plants of Manipur
Authors: SAIKHOM Joylani D. , SALAM Jekendra S. , POTSHANGBAM Kumar S. , CHOUDHURY Manabendra D. , MAIBAM Haripriya D.
Published: April 2018

Ten natural dye yielding and two mordant plants were biochemically analyzed. Though natural dyes are widely used, information about the active principles responsible for dyeing is hardly available. In the present experiment, total chlorophyll, carotinoids, tannins, phenolics, flavonoids and curcumin were determined among the dye yielding plants, while K, S, P, Ca, Mg, Mn, Zn, Fe, Cu and Co were determined in the case of mordant plants. In Bixa orellana, used for yellow dyeing, the carotinoid content was 163.11 mg g-1 and in Clerodendrum chinense and Datura stramonium, which were used for green colouring, total chlorophyll content of 10.29 mg and 11.83 mg g-1 was recorded. Curcumin content responsible for orange colouring in Curcuma domestica was 27.7 mg g-1 while flavonoid content in Solanum nigrum and Terminalia chebula, which were used for brown, brown to black dyes was 24.89 and 21.73 mg g-1. Among the plants used for dyeing different colours, Punica granatum and Parkia timoriana were found to contain higher amounts of total phenols and bound phenols by recording 681.2 mg g-1 and 287.6 mg g-1 total phenols and 151.6 mg g-1 and 130.2mg g-1 bound phenols, while higher amounts of orthodihydric phenols and tannins were recorded in Punica granatum and Strobilanthes flaccidifolius by recording 20.11mg g-1 and 9.54mg g-1 orthodihydric phenols and 675.57mg g-1 and 648.12 mg g-1 tannins, respectively. In case of the plants used as mordant, higher contents of Ca, Mg, K, Zn, Fe and Mn were detected in Achyranthes aspera, while higher amounts of P, Fe and Cu were recorded in Garcinia xanthochymus.
Identification and Quantification of Heavy Metals Concentrations in Pistacia
Authors: DAVARYNEJAD Gholamhossein , ZAREI Mehdi , NAGY Peter Tamas
Published: April 2018

The levels of heavy metals are very important in pistachio nuts, because the edible nuts have an important and increasing role in human nutrition. Pistachio is one of the native nuts of Iran which contains high genetic resources, but there is insufficient information regarding nutritional properties and other elements like heavy metals. The objective of the present study was to investigate and compare heavy metals contents in the kernels of various pistachio samples including; ‘Daneshmandi’, ‘Sephid’, ‘Garmeh’, ‘Momtaz’, ‘Ahmad Aghaei’, ‘Badami Zarand’, Pistacia atlantica Desf. (‘Baneh’), Pistacia vera ‘Sarakhs’ and chance seedling as ‘Non-grafted 1’, ‘Non-grafted 2’ and ‘Non-grafted 3’. Inductively coupled plasma emission spectrophotometer (ICP) was used for the determination of aluminium, chromium, nickel, copper, strontium, arsenic, cadmium and cobalt concentrations in pistachio kernels. This study showed that there were significant differences among the samples in all measured heavy metals except the arsenic, cadmium and cobalt. The content of aluminium varied from 3.22 to 9.59 (mg kg-1 of dry matter) and chromium concentration from 0.60 to 1.86 (mg kg-1 of dry matter). The nickel content of examined pistachio samples was found between 0.43 and 3.63 (mg kg-1 of dry matter) and copper ranged from 3.20 to 12.33 (mg kg-1 of dry matter). The strontium content was observed between 4.96 and 24.93 (mg kg-1 of dry matter). The contents of arsenic, cadmium and cobalt not reported, because their amounts were lower than the detection limit of the applied measuring method (ICP). These data demonstrated that the concentrations of heavy metals in pistachios varied by cultivar.
Genetic Variation of Isozyme Polyphenol Oxidase (PPO) Profiles in Different Varieties of Capsicum annuum L.
Authors: ANIEL KUMAR Owk , RUPAVATHI Tamminana , SUBBA TATA Sape
Published: April 2018

The genus Capsicum commonly known as chilli pepper is a major spice crop and is of cosmopolitan in distribution. Native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (Native PAGE) was used to study the polyphenol oxidase (PPO) isozyme variation in 21 varieties of Capsicum annuum L. A maximum of 4 PPO bands were scored in five varieties i.e., Ca14, Ca15, Ca16, Ca19 & Ca20, while the minimum (2 bands) was observed in four varieties (Ca3, Ca10, Ca13 & Ca17). 15 pair wise combinations showed highest average per cent similarity (100%) and the UPGMA dendrogram represented low genetic diversity. The present study revealed that considerable intraspecific differences were found in the varieties. Thus the results obtained could be used in fingerprinting the genotypes.
Analysis of Several Popular Cultivars of Madagascar Periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don.) using Biochemical Markers
Authors: ANIEL KUMAR Owk , TATA Sape S. , PAVAN KUMAR Kancharla
Published: April 2018

Band designs of esterase (EST), peroxidase (PO) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) isozymes in several selected cultivars of Catharanthus roseus by using native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) were investigated in this study. It was confirmed that cultivar differences in isozyme polymorphism can be revealed by applied electrophoretic patterns. Three isozyme systems produced a total of 16 bands with polymorphism ranged from 66.6-100%. Considering the patterns of isozyme variations in the five cultivars of Catharanthus roseus, it is evident that the cultivar ‘First kiss coral’ displayed crimson red petal with large white eye’ displayed demarked profiles of EST, PO and PPO isozymes than other cultivars. This is the first report on isozyme polymorphism in members of the Cathanarathus roseus (L.) G.

Don.
Fidelino de Figueiredo, a Sociedade Portuguesa de Estudos Históricos e a Revista de História: ambiente científico e horizontes historiográficos (1911-1928)
Authors: Brito Ricardo De , Moreira Nuno Bessa
Published: April 2018

Michel de Certeau, na obra A escrita da história, de cuja primeira edição se comemoraram recentemente, em 2015, 75 anos, chama a atenção para a importância dos lugares do historiador, das práticas e da escrita historiográficas. Neste artigo, a Sociedade Portuguesa de Estudos Históricos (SPEH) e o seu órgão, a Revista de História, assumem tais lugares, impulsionados, em larga medida, pelo labor de Fidelino de Figueiredo, personalidade primacial na criação e institucionalização da SPEH e da publicação citada e que, em 1910, com 22 anos, publicou O espírito histórico, obra que constituiu o arranque epistemológico e simbólico, mas também a seiva das iniciativas referidas. A SPEH e o opúsculo fideliniano serão abordados num primeiro momento deste artigo.Na segunda parte, procura-se analisar os conceitos historiográficos operatórios plasmados no periódico que fazem a ponte entre práticas e escritas historiográficas, configurando discursos e representações, exibindo a tensão entre a prevalência de uma historiografia erudita e tradicional, mais rankeana do que inspirada na escola metódica, e a necessidade de afirmação do espírito histórico nacional, ao arrepio do positivismo e do republicanismo radical.
Renovar votos com o futuro: nostalgia e escrita da história
Authors: Felippe Eduardo Ferraz
Published: April 2018

Com este ensaio, viso estudar o conceito de nostalgia em um duplo movimento de entender mudanças na historiografia e de indagar a experiência do tempo atual. Apresento, em um primeiro momento, as abordagens que relacionam a nostalgia ao seu nascimento moderno e sua crítica, à experiência do tempo da modernidade historicista. Em um segundo instante, percebo uma mudança na perspectiva teórica da história que relaciona a nostalgia ao ataque ao realismo histórico por meio da conjunção entre memória e História. Por fim, correlaciono a nostalgia como cena literária com a experiência do tempo atual.
Ethan Kleinberg: Teoria da História como Fantologia
Authors: Ramos André Da Silva
Published: April 2018

Ethan Kleinberg is Professor of History and Letters of Wesleyan University. He is the Director of the Center for Humanities and the Editor-in-Chief of History and Theory. His first book, Generation Existential: Heidegger’s Philosophy in France, 1927-1961, published by Cornell University Press, was awarded the 2006 Morris D. Forkosch prize for the best book in intellectual history, by the Journal of the History of Ideas. Recently, Professor Kleinberg co-edited with Ranjan Ghosh the volume Presence: Philosophy, History and Cultural Theory for the 21st Century, published by Cornell University Press as well. His book, Haunting History: For a Deconstructive Approach to the Past, will appear in the Meridian Series from Stanford University Press in Fall 2017. He is also finishing the book The Myth of Emmanuel Levinas, centered on the Talmudic Lectures that the French-Jewish philosopher presented in Paris between 1960 and 1990. I had the opportunity to conduct an interview with Professor Kleinberg in June 2016, when I was a Visiting Student Researcher in the Center for Humanities at Wesleyan University. We also took the advantage of the Second International Network for Theory of History conference (2nd INTH), that happened in Brazil at Ouro Preto from August 23 to August 26, to expand the interview.
Simulation of air-void system in hardened concrete using a geometrical model
Authors: Liu Zhichao , Hansen Will , Wang Fazhou , Zhang Wenqin
Published: April 2018

In this paper, a two-dimensional geometric model is developed to characterise the air-void system in hardened cement paste. This model consists of non-overlapping circular voids of different size classes randomly placed in the cementitious matrix of a specific size. The major output of this model is the distance of a specific void from its nearest neighbour (void–void spacing). The cumulative distribution function of the nearest void–void spacing fits well the Rosin–Rammler model, from which the probability distribution function is derived. The number and distribution of the voids is obtained from the chord length measurement based on the linear-traverse method. The effect of paste content and air-void saturation on the void spacing is investigated to illustrate gradual increase in void spacing with a higher paste content or the partial filling of air voids. This model is validated by the good correlation between the calculated spacing factor and the tensile strain capacity of concrete from length-change measurement.
Acid Stimulation of the Citrate Transporter NaDC-1 Requires Pyk2 and ERK1/2 Signaling Pathways
Authors: Zacchia Miriam , Tian Xuefei , Zona Enrica , Alpern Robert J. , Preisig Patricia A.
Published: April 2018

Background Urine citrate is reabsorbed exclusively along the renal proximal tubule via the apical Na+-dicarboxylate cotransporter NaDC-1. We previously showed that an acid load in vivo and media acidification in vitro increase NaDC-1 activity through endothelin-1 (ET-1)/endothelin B (ETB) signaling. Here, we further examined the signaling pathway mediating acid-induced NaDC-1 activity.

Methods We transiently transfected cultured opossum kidney cells, a model of the proximal tubule, with NaDC-1 and ETB and measured [14C]-citrate uptake after media acidification under various experimental conditions, including inactivation of Pyk2 and c-Src, which were previously shown to be activated by media acidification. Wild-type (Pyk2+/+) and Pyk2-null (Pyk2−/−) mice were exposed to NH4Cl loading and euthanized after various end points, at which time we harvested the kidneys for immunoblotting and brush border membrane NaDC-1 activity studies.

Results Inhibition of Pyk2 or c-Src prevented acid stimulation but not ET-1 stimulation of NaDC-1 in vitro. Consistent with these results, NH4Cl loading stimulated NaDC-1 activity in kidneys of wild-type but not Pyk2−/− mice. In cultured cells and in mice, ERK1/2 was rapidly phosphorylated by acid loading, even after Pyk2 knockdown, and it was required for acid but not ET-1/ETB stimulation of NaDC-1 in vitro. Media acidification also induced the phosphorylation of Raf1 and p90RSK, components of the ERK1/2 pathway, and inhibition of these proteins blocked acid stimulation of NaDC-1 activity.

Conclusions Acid stimulation of NaDC-1 activity involves Pyk2/c-Src and Raf1-ERK1/2-p90RSK signaling pathways, but these pathways are not downstream of ET-1/ETB in this process.
Text v1
Authors: not provided scs
Published: April 2018

some text
Definition of optimum scheme of cocarnit injection for rats with polyneuropathy following diabetis induced by tenzoalogometric method
Authors: Nikitina N. , Beregovyi S. , Stepanova L. , Kabanov O.
Published: April 2018

The change of pain threshold in rats with diabetic polyneuropathy and the efficacy of Cocarnit in the treatment of this complication has been studied, and the optimal scheme of drug administration has been determined. It is established that daily administration of the drug for 9 and 12 days has a positive effect on the nerve conduction and returns to the normal response to the pain stimulus.
Phenotyping with biochemical markers of physiological response of plants to the screening of winter wheat varieties
Authors: Musienko M. , Taran N. , Storozhenko V. , Batsmanova L. , Grudina N. , Svietlova N. , Serga S.
Published: April 2018

Field screening and phenotyping with biochemical parameters of winter wheat plants of steppe ecotype treated with exogenous hydrogen peroxide was carried out. The content of TBARS, photosynthetic pigments and sulphoquinovosyl diglyceride significantly different in leaves of all varieties under normal conditions. The increase in content of TBARS and hydroperoxides was observed after the first foliar treatment of plants by hydrogen peroxide. After the second treatment we observed significant reduction of them in leaves of Shestopalivka variety. Exogenous treatment with hydrogen peroxide iduced positive influence on the formation of planting and morphometric parameters of investigated plants.
Perceptual trust and accuracy evaluation of the personal characteristics in various conditions of perception
Authors: Diveev D.A. , Demidov A.A.
Published: April 2018

This article presents the results of the study of perceptual trust and the accuracy of the assessment of psychological characteristics of the person in various conditions of perception. The study involved 96 people. As the conditions of perception were made by the following parameters: a video interview with the voice, video interviews without a voice, photographic image of a person and audio recording of the interview. In the study of psychological characteristics of the person used a variety of scales, components of perceptual trust and two methods: “Personal differential” and a “16-factor personality Express-questionnaire R.B. Cattell”. The results of the empirical research established that the perceptual rating of perceptual trust and psychological characteristics of the person varies depending on the perceptual conditions. Demonstration video with voice or without voice is more trustworthy than demonstrating images of face or listening audio recordings of interviews. Evaluation of perceptual trust in photographic images of face and voice did not differ from each other. The greatest number of accuracy assessments of psychological characteristics obtained in the condition of perception of a video interview without voice and audio interviews, the fewest in the photographic image of the face.
A software for assessment of new experience formation and problem solving under achievement or avoidance conditions
Authors: Sozinov A.A. , Bokhan A.I. , Alexandrov Y.I.
Published: April 2018

Multiple interdisciplinary studies in cognitive science are based on setups that endorse subjects’ disquisitive activity. We have earlier contrasted approach and avoidance situations in terms of prior experience implementation during formation of new experience, including the learning transfer indices. This was based on current data and accounts of domain organization of memory. To further assess the prior experience employment on consequitive stages of learning we have developed A-Ware — a multifunctional research instrument that allows for assessment of human behavior during problem task handling. The program includes two games that require understanding of task rules. The results presented here show the assessment of learning transfer effect and comparison of performance indices between two feedback modes: either achievement of gain, or avoidance of loss of points. The program allows choosing the task options, creating scenarios and configurations of experiment, and synchronizing events with external recording devices. A-Ware is applicable for explicit learning, attention, spatial memory, categorization, decision making etc. studies within cognitive science and psychophysiology, as well as for diagnostic purposes in clinical, educational and HR practice. The program is available for free upon e-mail request to the first author.
Yeni Türk Ticaret Kanunu ve Kurumsal Yönetim Uygulamaları Sonrası İç Denetimin Gelişen Rolü: Türkiye’de İç Denetçilerin Algısı Araştırması
Authors: ÖZDOĞAN Yrd. Doç. Dr. Burak , ÖNCÜ Prof. Dr. Semra
Published: April 2018

Çalışma ile Yeni Türk Ticaret Kanunu’nun iç denetim mesleğine yönelik etkileri ve kanun sonrası iç denetim birimlerinin kurumsal yönetim kültürünün yerleşmesine yönelik sunabileceği katkılar tartışılmıştır. Çalışmanın araştırma kısmında ise iç denetçilerin yasa sonrası mesleğin durumuna ilişkin algılarını ortaya koyma amacıyla gerçekleştirilen anket bulgu ve değerlendirmeleri paylaşılmıştır. 

Sonuç olarak, iç denetçilerin Yeni Türk Ticaret Kanunu sonrası iç denetim birimlerine yüklenen sorumluluğun farkında ve bu sorumluluğu üstlenmeye hazır olduğu, ayrıca Türkiye’deki birçok işletme için en önemli gelişim alanlarından biri olan kurumsal yönetim gibi konularda, iç denetçilerin çok önemli katkıları bulunabileceği ortaya konmuştur. 
Shortening tends to increase aortic foam cell count and wall thickness in male Wistar rats
Authors: Lusiantari Rokhima , Pramaningtyas Miranti Dewi , Nurmasitoh Titis , Pattimura Rachmi Hidayati , Dewanti Anggita
Published: April 2018

BackgroundShortening is widely used as raw material for bread and other foods. Hypercholesterolemia increases aortic arch foam cell formation and abdominal aortic wall thickness. This study aimed to determine the effect of shortening on the number of aortic arch foam cells and abdominal aortic wall thickness in rats.MethodsThis study was of experimental posttest control group design. Twenty four male Wistar rats were randomized into 4 groups. The negative control group (C-) received standard feed, the positive control group (C+) standard high-fat feed, group T1 shortening and standard feed at a ratio of 1:5 and group T2 shortening and standard feed at a ratio of 1:10. The interventions were given for 6 weeks through gavage. The foam cell count in the aortic arch and the thickness of the abdominal aortic wall were measured. One-way ANOVA test was used to analyze the data. ResultsThere was no significant difference in the mean foam cell count of the aortic arch between the four groups C- (7.17 ± 4.17), C + (9.33 ± 7.01), T1 (11.83 ± 4.88) and T2 (9.33 ± 6.80) (p=0.598). The mean thickness of the abdominal aortic wall between the four groups C- (741.98 ± 60.67μm), C + (714.29 ± 90.59μm), T1 (838.90 ± 75.86 μm), and T2 (749.88 ± 99.37μm) also was not significantly different (p=0.110).Conclusion Shortening tends to increase the foam cell count of the aortic arch and the thickness of the abdominal aortic wall of rats.
Regular condom use tends to decrease cervical lesions in resident-commercial sex workers in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Odigie Efosa Bolaji , Achukwu Peter Uwadiegwu
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUNDCervical lesions are abnormalities seen in tissues and cells examined from the uterine cervix. These abnormalities are on the increase and are ignored; thereby constituting major health problems in resident commercial sex workers (CSWs) who temporarily reside in brothels for sex business. Hence, we investigated the associations between behavioural risk factors and cervical lesions in resident commercial sex workers. METHODSWe conducted a cross-sectional study among 119 resident commercial sex workers using questionnaires as the data gathering tool, liquid-based cytology for cervical lesions screening, and microscopy for examination of slides. Statistical analyses were conducted using Epi- Info™ version 6.4 and STATISTICA (StatSoft, version 5, 2009 Edition, Atlanta, GA 30329-4027 USA). Data were analysed using multivariate and simple logistic regression analyses, while the level of significance was set at p £0.05. RESULTSThe behavioural risk factors, like smoking and hard drugs, alcohol intake, commercial sex duration, client’s daily patronage and sex frequency were not significant apart, but regular condom use tends to decrease the cervical lesions in CSWs (OR=0.91;95% C.I. 0.92-1.06), including anal and oral sex (OR = 0.99 (95% C.I. 0.29-3.60). The patterns of cervical lesions further showed acute and chronic cervicitis with a prevalence of 10.1%, including low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) and atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS). We recorded 8/12 (66.7%) for acute cervicitis, 4/12 (33.3%) chronic, and 82.4% negative. CONCLUSIONWe suggest that behavioural risk factors are associated with cervical lesions and that regular condom use tends to decrease cervical lesions among resident CSWs.
Multiplex nested polymerase chain reaction for Treponema pallidum using blood is more sensitive than using serum
Authors: Effendi Ida , Rosana Yeva , Yasmon Andi , Indriatmi Wresti
Published: April 2018

BackgroundSyphilis is a multistage disease transmitted primarily through sexual intercourse. Nowadays, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test for Treponema pallidum has been widely used and is expected to overcome problems in diagnostic tests for syphilis. The Treponema pallidum PCR is influenced by type of specimens, PCR methods and target genes. This study aimed to assess the use of blood and serum in multiplex nested PCR for Treponema pallidum, targeting the 23S rRNA.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2015 - April 2016. Sampling was carried out consecutively among patients with clinical features of secondary syphilis who came to Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD) clinics in Jakarta. All sera were also tested with Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR) and Treponema pallidum Hemagglutination Assay (TPHA) assay, which was considered as the gold standard for this study. We determined the sensitivity and specificity of the multiplex nested PCR for Treponema pallidum using blood and serum.ResultsPCR test was performed on 122 clinical specimens (61 blood and 61 serum). The positive results of PCR test on blood was 22.95% and serum was 6.56%, while the positive results of serology was 68.85%. The sensitivity of Treponema pallidum multiplex nested PCR on blood was 30.95% compared to serum 9.52% (p=0.006). PCR test on blood is able to detect 3.25 times higher than serum. ConclusionThe use of blood has a higher proportion of positives compared to serum in Treponema pallidum multiplex nested PCR using 23S rRNA target gene.