bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sistem Pelaksanaan Upah dalam Perspektif Ekonomi Syari’ah Sebagai Solusi Meningkatkan Taraf Ekonomi Pengusaha Keramba Jaring Apung
Authors: Yusuf Muhammad , Sari Maya Rizki
Published: November 2022

This research aimed to find out the impact of fee-hiring practice on the incomes of floating netted-cage entrepreneurs, factors that interfered such practice, and the review of Sharia Economy on paying-hiring practice in fish farming by using floating netted-cage. This field research applied qualitative descriptive method. The data were collected through interviewing 28 key informants and observing the fish cage directly in the site, which was in Kampar. Based on the results it was found out that the practice of paying-hiring in fish farming by using floating netted-cage in Kampar did not involve written agreement. In addition, although the job descriptions were informed clearly, some entrepreneurs chose to not include the amount of payment information at the beginning. The payment was on time and the amount of payment was decided based on the payment standard of fish cage entrepreneurs. There was work accident compensation assurance, but there was not worker health assurance. The results also indicated that low payment standard that was decided by fish cage entrepreneurs became the main factor that caused failure of fee-hiring practice in raising floating netted-cage welfare in Kampar. In addition, low standard payment was due to the assumption that given fee was sufficient for workers because of their consumption compensation. According to Sharia Economy the practice of fee-hiring was not based on the Sharia Economy principles because it only encompassed justice principle, worthiness, and mutual assistance. However, the objective to bring welfare for workers was not achieved. Fish farming by using floating netted-cage became chance to get job especially for society in Kampar. In addition, this business had a good prospect. The escalation of entrepreneurs Economy was achieved. It was indicated by the number of fish cages that were owned by entrepreneurs in Kampar.
Ketersediaan Jalur Hijau sebagai Ruang Terbuka Hijau di Koridor Pendidikan Kota Bandarlampung (Studi Kasus: Jalan Za Pagar Alam)
Authors: Hesty Rein Susinda , Paramitha Maulidya , Hafizh Muttaqin Al
Published: November 2022

Green open space (RTH) is one of the important elements of the city and can be accessed by the community, which functions as ecological, socio-cultural, architectural, and economic. Physically, green open space (RTH) can be divided into natural green open space in the form of natural wild habitats, protected areas, and national parks, as well as non-natural or built green open spaces such as parks, sports fields, cemeteries, or green roads. In the green open space, there are plants that grow and are useful, among which there are different types of plants planted, namely tree plants, shrubs, vines, and herbal plants. One of the functions of tree vegetation in Green Open Space (RTH) is to help absorb GHG emissions. This study aims to identify the characteristics of vegetation in the education corridor on Jalan ZA Pagar Alam Bandarlampung and identify vegetation absorption in the education corridor on Jalan ZA Pagar Alam Bandarlampung to see the availability of green lanes as green open space in the Education Area Corridor at Jalan ZA Pagar Alam Bandarlampung. In this case, data collection was carried out through primary data collection with observation collection techniques to determine the characteristics and amount of tree vegetation, and the analysis carried out was descriptive quantitative with the calculation of the central tendency, namely the mean and mode. Based on the results of the analysis, the education corridor on Jalan ZA Pagar Alam has the availability of 782 individual tree vegetation with 31 tree vegetation characteristics, and the most abundant tree vegetation characteristics are Pometia pinnata or matoa trees. The characteristics of the existing trees have their respective uptake capabilities. In the education corridor, Jalan ZA Pagar Alam has an absorption capacity of 37.66 tons/day or 1,129.79 tons/month or 13,557.46 tons/year from 782 individual trees with different characteristics. which has the largest absorption, namely palm trees, with an absorption capacity of 27.41 tons/day, or 822.31 tons/month, or 9,867 tons/year.
Pictures as a Learning Media in Teaching Vocabulary
Authors: Liando Nihta Vera Frelly , Tatipang Devilito Prasetyo , Tamboto Grandy , Poluan Maria , Manuas Maissy
Published: November 2022

Technological developments in the current era provide many conveniences and benefits for various agencies, including educational institutions. Teachers as one part of educational institutions really need to take advantage of technological developments as a means or media in teaching so that learning does not seem boring. In fact there are many teachers who often focus on books oriented. This causes the students’ learning process to be not optimal, especially in learning foreign languages such as English. Of course, if learning only focuses on books, it will make students feel bored and lazy to learn English. Vocabulary as one of the important aspects in English cannot be taught with books alone, because in learning it requires interesting media to be able to make students more enjoy and interested in learning vocabulary. Based on this, this study aims to determine whether using pictures as learning can improve the vocabulary of students. This study used a pre-experimental design with one group pre-test and post-test. The research subject is class VII with the research instrument is a test. In analyzing the data, in this study the mean score formula was implemented. The results showed that picture as a learning medium greatly affects student learning outcomes in terms of vocabulary. Where, there was a significant increase in students' vocabulary after using pictures as treatment. Picture itself makes students more enthusiastic in learning because the pictures used attract students' attention. Finally, this research also explains the potentials that can be used or developed in the future.
Faktor-faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Kekurangan Energi Kronik (KEK) Pada Ibu Hamil di Puskesmas Gandus Palembang Tahun 2021
Authors: Negara Peni Sukma , Sukarni Diah , Rahmadhini Sendy Pratiwi
Published: November 2022

Based on the data from Palembang Health Office, the number of maternal mortality from 2018-2020 was 4, 3 and 3 women respectively (Palembang Health Office, 2020). Maternal mortality is caused by bleeding, anemia, CED, and other complications. Based on the data in 2018 the number of pregnant women who experienced CED was 18.2% and 20.2% in 2019 (Sumatera Selatan Provincial Health Office, 2019). The CED incidence in pregnant women is influenced by some factors such as the amount of daily energy intake, parity, maternal age, maternal knowledge, family income, and dietary restrictions (Yuliastuti, 2014). Based on the medical record data at Gandus Palembang Health Center, in 2018, there were 1303 pregnant women who visited for antenatal care, with 4.5% or 59 pregnant women suffered from CED. In 2019, from 1179 pregnant women, 144 (12.2%) suffered from CED. In 2020, from 1151 pregnant women, 128 (11.1%) suffered from CED. This study aimed to find out the correlation between Parity, Maternal Age and Knowledge with Chronic Energy Deficiency Incidence in pregnant women. This quantitative study used an analyticalsurvey method with cross sectional approach. The population in this study was all 50 pregnant women who visited Gandus Public Health Centre for Antenatal care in 2021. The sample data were collected by means of Accidental Sampling Method. From univariate data analysis, it was found that the number of pregnant women who suffered from CED was high with 68% or 34 respondents, high risk parity with 62% or 31 respondents, high risk maternal age with 62% or 32 respondents and low knowledge with 64% or 21 respondents. From bivariate analysis using Chi-Square test, it was found that there was a correlation between Parity (p-value 0.001), Maternal Age (p-value 0.018) and Knowledge (p-value 0.000) with Chronic Energy Deficiency Incidence in pregnant women at Gandus Public Health Centre. It was concluded that there was a correlation between Parity, Maternal Age and Knowledge with Chronic Energy Deficiency Incidence in pregnant women at Gandus Public Health Centre in 2021. It is recommended that health personnel in Gandus Public Health Centre provide more information about Chronic Energy Deficiency Incidence in pregnant women.
Penerapan Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek dan Hasil Belajar Mahasiswa
Authors: Amir Andy , Solida Adila
Published: November 2022

The application of traditional learning methods has not shown a significant increase in learning outcomes in terms of critical thinking, scientific attitudes and communication skills. Students need innovative learning that can improve learning outcomes. The purpose of this study was to measure the increase in student learning outcomes between before and after implementing the project-based learning model (PjB).This research is a quantitative study with a quasi-experimental design. The number of respondents was 36 students of the fifth semester of the Jambi University Public Health Sciences Study Program. The instrument used is an assessment sheet before (pre-test) and an assessment sheet after (post-test) the experiment. Measurement of improvement in learning outcomes includes aspects of critical thinking, scientific attitude and communication skills. Data collection was carried out twice in the pre-test and post-test. Data processing using statistical software. Data analysis was carried out through the univariate and bivariate analysis stages using the T test. The results showed that there were differences in student learning outcomes between before and after applying the project-based learning model (PjB) on aspects of communication skills, critical thinking and learning achievement. The application of project-based learning contributes to improving student learning outcomes who are able to think critically, have a scientific attitude and are skilled in communication. So it is recommended that every subject in higher education use this learning method which makes students actively involved in complex learning processes.
Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Transformasional dan Motivasi Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan dengan Perilaku Kerja Inovatif sebagai Variabel Mediasi pada Pegawai Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu Kabupaten Muaro Jambi
Authors: Fathiyah Fathiyah , Andriani Zulfina , Fitriaty Fitriaty
Published: November 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of transformational leadership and work motivation on employee performance with innovative work behavior as a mediating variable for employees of the Investment and One Stop Service Office of Muaro Jambi Regency. The research method used is a quantitative method, and the data collection technique uses a questionnaire with a Likert scale. The population is 47 employees of the State Civil Apparatus and Honorary Employees of the Investment and One Stop Service Office of Muaro Jambi Regency. Technical Data Analysis using Partial Least Sguare (PLS). The results of the study found that (1) transformational leadership affects employee performance, (2) work motivation affects employee performance, (3) transformational leadership affects innovative work behavior, (4) work motivation affects innovative work behavior, (5) leadership Transformational effect on employee performance is mediated by innovative work behavior and (6) work motivation affects employee performance mediated by innovative work behavior. The suggestions in this study are that in order to apply Transformational Leadership in an organization, it is necessary to pay attention to the way leaders communicate with their subordinates and improve good relations with subordinates. And it is also suggested to the Education and Training Center to include Transformational Leadership material in Leadership Training III and IV.
Analisis Strategi Pemasaran dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Pendapatan dan Produktivitas Petani dalam Perspektif Ekonomi Regional (Studi Pada Petani Jagung di Desa Planggiran Kecamatan Tanjungbumi Kabupaten Bangkalan)
Authors: Hotimah Hotimah , Septiana Aldilla , Dawam Aulia
Published: November 2022

In Indonesia, especially in Madura, agriculture is something that is very important for people's lives. Agriculture plays an important role in supporting the availability of food sources for the community, in Indonesia, especially in Madura, precisely in Planggiran village, Tanjungbumi district, Bangkalan district itself has various agricultural products, which include corn, rice, soybeans, chilies, green beans, peanuts. , long beans, and cassava and so on. Because Indonesia is a large part of the area that has the potential to be used as agricultural land. With the existence of agriculture not only as a producer of food but also as a provider of jobs for the community itself. Corn is one type of agriculture that is mostly occupied by farmers in the village of Planggiran. Corn is one type of agriculture that is mostly occupied by farmers in the village of Planggiran. However, even though many are farming corn, farmers' income has not been maximized due to a lack of strategy in terms of marketing. Based on the above background, researchers are interested in conducting research on "Analysis of marketing strategies in an effort to increase farmers' income and productivity in a regional economic perspective (study on corn farmers in Planggiran village, Tanjungbumi district, Bangkalan district)". The data used in this study are primary data and secondary data. The object of this research is the farmers in the village of Plangiran, Tanjung Bumi district, Bangkalan district. The results of this study indicate that the marketing strategy used by farmers in the village of Planggiran, Tanjung Bumi District, Bangkalan Regency is to use a marketing mix, namely product, price, place and promotion. By selling their products directly to potential buyers, namely personal selling. Meanwhile, from a regional economic perspective, in the midst of advancing development, farmers do not back down or think about not becoming farmers anymore, this is supported because some of their land is far from residential areas.
Pengaruh Inflasi, Suku Bunga, dan Nilai Tukar Rupiah terhadap Return Saham pada Perusahaan Perbankan yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia (2018-2020)
Authors: Ananda Wahyu Citra , Santoso Agus Budi
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of inflation, interest rates and exchange rates on stock returns in banking companies listed on the IDX for the period (2018-2020). The method used in this study is multiple regression analysis, which is an analysis used to determine the influence of each independent variable on the dependent variable. With the aim of getting a comprehensive picture of the effect of inflation, interest rates and exchange rates on stock returns. The population in this study was banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the research period 2018 – 2020.The samples in this study were taken using purposive sampling techniques and the data used were secondary data in the form of financial statements for the period 2018 - 2020 published on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, Indonesian Capital Market Directory (ICMD) and Indonesian stock exchange (idx). The results of this study are inflation has a positive andsignificant effect on stock returns, interest rates have a negative and significant effect on stock returns and exchange rates have a positive and significant effect on stock returns in banking companies listed on the IDX for the 2018-2020 period.
Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan dan Citra Merek melalui Kepuasan Pelanggan sebagai Variabel Intervening terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan pada Pelanggan Gojek di Kota Surabaya
Authors: Erchikka Yolla Nanda Tio , Hidayat Rusdi
Published: November 2022

This study intends to find out whether there is an influence on service quality and brand image through customer satisfaction as an intervening variable on customer loyalty to gojek customers in the city of Surabaya. The type of research is quantitative, and the data collection technique is questionnaire method. The population in this study that became the target population was the people of Surabaya who had used the gojek service application. the number of samples used in this was 96 respondents and for representative results, the researchers took 100 respondents. The results of the study indicate that the Quality of Service has a significant effect on customer satisfaction brand image has a significant effect on customer satisfaction. The quality of service has a significant effect on customer loyalty. Brand image has a significant effect on customer loyalty. Customer satisfaction has a significant effect on customer loyalty. The quality of service has a significant effect on loyalty. brand image has a significant effect on loyalty through customer satisfaction.
Pengaruh Profitabilitas dan Aktivitas terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Dengan Struktur Modal Sebagai Variabel Moderasi pada Perusahaan Property dan Real Estate
Authors: Ariosafira Trixie Ridasiena , Suwaidi Rahman Amrullah
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of the relationship between profitability and activity on company value and capital structure used as a moderation variable in property and real estate sector companies listed on the IDX for the period 2018 to 2020. The study's population included 79 companies. Purposive sampling in this study was used as a sampling method and obtained by as many as 47 companies. Moderated Regression Analysis is an analytical technique used in this test. The results of this study show that the variables of profitability and activity contribute significantly positively to the value of the company, while the variable of capital structure as a moderation variable is not able to strengthen the relationship between profitability and activity with the value of the company.
Politik Hukum Kekuasaan Kehakiman di Indonesia
Authors: Nuraini Nuraini , Ansori Mhd
Published: November 2022

Judicial power is a branch of power in every country, whether in a democratic state, a state towards a democracy, or an undemocratic state. This happened on the influence of the doctrine of separation of powers which wanted the branches of power to be divided over the legislature, executive, and judiciary. Judicial power in Indonesia at the beginning of independence was intended as a separate branch of power from political institutions, the power of an independent judiciary must still be upheld both as a principle in the state based on law and to allow judicial power to ensure that government is not carried out arbitrarily. The development of judicial power is inseparable from the legal politics of judicial power itself. Because legal politics is subtantively about the friction between politics and law, to examine legal politics is to discuss policies related to the state system. The purpose of the writing is to find out and analyze the political dynamics of judicial power in Indonesia. This type of writing is normative juridical, meaning that this article focuses on the study of the implementation of all positive legal norms and rules. In this research, the approach is conceptual, legal and historical approach.
Analisis Hak Korban Korban Kekerasan Seksual dalam Rancangan Undang-Undang Penghapusan Kekerasan Seksual dalam Perspektif Hukum Positif dan Hukum Islam
Authors: Kifli Susiana , Ismail Atika
Published: November 2022

The consideration and protection of the interests of victims of sexual abuse, whether through the legal process or through specific social care facilities, must be taken into account in criminal law policies and social policies, both state power institutions and existing social institutions. Based on the goals and obligations of the state to achieve an equitable distribution of justice for the sake of everyone, the rights of sexual assault victims to be protected are a crucial part of human rights in the domain of social security. three tiers: local, regional, and global. The way that Indonesian criminal law protects sexual assault victims legally in order to stop victimization. The form of giving victims of sexual assault legal protection is general legal protection, Ini termasuk membuat restitusi dan memberikan imbalan. menawarkan konseling sebagai akibat munculnya efek psikologis yang merugikan dari kejahatan, memperoleh dukungan hukum, dan mengamankan layanan bantuan medis bagi korban yang menderita secara fisik akibat kejahatan. Salah satu bentuk dukungan bagi korban kejahatan adalah bantuan hukum. Hukum Islam mengklasifikasikan pemerkosaan sebagai perzinahan dengan paksaan (al-wath'u nil-kikrah), dan mereka yang melakukannya berisiko menghadapi hukuman berat (had). The crime of decency or adultery serves as the act's foundation.
Efektivitas Pemerintah dalam Mencegah Serta Mengurangi Anak Jalanan di Kota Batam
Authors: Samad Edo Clarita , Tantimin Tantimin
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this study is to determine the negative impact that occurs due to urbanization or the large number of migrants entering the city of Batam from various regions without having expertise. This will cause various social problems. The Batam city government has prepared a regional regulation for handling the poor and neglected children. By using Non Doctrinal Sociological Research Methods, which means using empirical data obtained through interviews and observations, this study aims to examine the regulation of street children, social effectiveness, and the efforts made by the Batam City government in overcoming the problems of street children. The results of the study explain that the effectiveness of local regulations is still lacking and even the Batam city government has not done anything about the substance of the problems of street children.
Értékteremtő könyvtár- és információtudomány
Authors: Tünde Székelyné Török
Published: November 2022

A könyvtáros szakma kiemelkedően fontos eseménye az Eötvös Loránd Tudományegyetem Bölcsészettudományi Karának Könyvtár- és Információtudományi Intézete és a Könyvtártudományi Doktori Programja által kétévenként szervezett Valóságos könyvtár – könyvtári valóság (VKKV) című konferencia. 2019. november 26-27. között negyedik alkalommal került sor a tanácskozásra, ezúttal is a Magyar Tudományos Akadémia (MTA) által indított Magyar Tudomány Ünnepe rendezvénysorozat keretében. Az országos és a határokon túli események mottója az Értékteremtő tudomány volt.
Boolean Hypercubes, Classification of Natural Numbers, and the Collatz Conjecture
Authors: CARBÓ DORCA Ramon , PERELMAN Carlos
Published: November 2022

Using simple arguments derived from the Boolean hypercube configuration, the structure of natural spaces, and the recursive exponential generation of the set of natural numbers, a linear classification of the natural numbers is presented. The definition of a pseudolinear Collatz operator, the description of the set of powers of $2$, and the construction of the natural numbers via this power set might heuristically prove the Collatz conjecture from an empirical point of view.
jóvenes y la lectura literaria. Una mirada actual desde la didáctica de la lengua y la literatura
Authors: Machuca Facundo
Published: November 2022

El presente artículo reflexiona sobre algunas nociones teóricas imprescindibles para fundamentar y mejorar las propuestas de lectura literaria destinadas a los jóvenes, en contextos de mediación lectora formal o no formal, haciendo hincapié en un corpus de literatura regional, como una posibilidad o alternativa para fortalecer y enriquecer las decisiones didácticas vinculadas con el posicionamiento de un docente o mediador de lectura y cultura comprometido con su función. Las cuestiones que invitan a la reflexión provienen del campo actualizado de la didáctica de la literatura, trabajadas actualmente en las cátedras Didáctica de la Lengua y la Literatura I y II de la formación específica del Profesorado de Educación Secundaria en Lengua y literatura (Plan Decreto 514/18) del Instituto Superior de Profesorado N.° 4 de Reconquista, Santa Fe. Así, el texto motiva a replantear la terea docente, o como mediadores de lectura en general, a partir de las siguientes preguntas: ¿qué libros se presentan a los jóvenes que transitan la educación secundaria? ¿Cómo se propone su lectura?, recayendo la reflexión en varias cuestiones centrales: la noción de «canon», los criterios de selección del corpus y los enfoques de enseñanza. Todas, al unísono, llevarán a repensar las decisiones didácticas, también el posicionamiento en el contexto de enseñanza y mediación, en las bases epistemológicas y en la responsabilidad que cabe al docente y mediador en el camino lector de los jóvenes.
Fecha de recepción: 23/3/2022Fecha de aceptación: 28/6/2022
Tackling SEN in the EFL Classroom within the Ecuadorian Higher Education Context
Authors: Intriago Alcivar Wellintong Segundo , Intriago Alcivar Glenda Cecibel , Cárdenas Guanoluisa Olga María de los Angeles , Rivas Mora Angel Roberto
Published: November 2022

Giving attention to SEN is not a new concern worldwide; actually, UNESCO declared that countries around the world should take urgent actions to set up inclusive educational systems, which is easier said than done, particularly in low-income countries where the resources shortage turns the attention to SEN into a daunting challenge. In Ecuador, MinEduc took some measures to meet SEN in primary and secondary education. Unfortunately, these actions did not reach tertiary education where there is no practical application of the Guide to Equality and Educational Environment published by (Senescyt). Regarding EFL teaching, the horizon is even worse as there is neither framework nor awareness about SEN. This fact sets the gap to carry out this descriptive-combined investigation that selected the convenience sample method due to the pandemic drawbacks as well as the fact that most students with SEN object to being labeled as disabled persons. The data was gathered by using interviews and surveys, the first one gathered information through semi-structured questions, while the second one was through structured questions. The findings show that most students with disabilities were supported during their former education. Moreover, most English teachers claimed they know the process; the curricular adaptations; and the stakeholders’ responsibility to give attention to SEN, only when it is not their sole responsibility. In an attempt to tackle this issue, this study suggests responsibilities and proposes strategies that might be of great benefit for English teachers when it comes to teaching students with SEN.
Germinación de la alfalfa (MEDICAGO SATIVA) en condiciones tropicales
Authors: Gómez Villalva Juan Carlos , Salinas Lozada Camilo , Mendoza Hidalgo Edwin , Vasconez Galarza Gustavo
Published: November 2022

La germinación de semillas es un proceso en el cual se generan cambios morfológicos y fisiológicos que terminan en el crecimiento del embrión. La germinación requiere de condiciones específicas de temperatura, niveles de oxígeno y luz, con las proporciones adecuadas para cada especie. Se evaluaron dos variedades de alfalfa (Medicago sativa), la nacional y la granada mejorada, para medir la correlación entre la temperatura y la germinación. La alfalfa nacional y alfalfa granada mejorada presentaron similar comportamiento sembradas en campo y en el laboratorio, con lo que se concluye, que, entre menor sea la temperatura mayor será el porcentaje de germinación en el tropico.
Muslim Prejudices in Bengal and Establishment of the University of Dhaka: A Study of Kazi Imdadul Haque’s Abdullah
Authors: Rahman Mahabuba , Ahmed Istiaque
Published: November 2022

If we reflect on the history of the University of Dhaka, we come to know that it was not easy to establish the University. Battling with the dominance of the then Hindu political leaders, the Muslims of East Bengal finally achieved their long-cherished dream of educating themselves through a standard educational institution of their own. Kazi Imdadul Haque, one of the most prominent writers of Bangladesh, was a witness to those challenging times. His writings address history, politics, glorified past, and dreams of the future of Bengal. Abdullah, first published in 1932, his masterpiece, focuses on the educational stand of the Muslim community of Bengal before the Partition of the Indian subcontinent. The protagonist of the novel Abdullah mirrors the struggles of those who supported the establishment of the University of Dhaka. The obstacles he faces in order to educate and establish himself suggest the dire situation of the Muslims who were willing to work towards their betterment, but were helpless due to various pressures from the dominant community in power, and in many cases due to some prejudices of their own community. This paper, in light of the novel, addresses such issues and explores how the Muslims were able to break free of this vicious cycle of prejudice and ignorance through proper implementation of education.
Spectrum, Volume 16, June 2021: 68-81
Some Memories of the Department: 1967-1972
Authors: Hussain Shawkat
Published: November 2022

Abstract not available
Spectrum, Volume 16, June 2021: 95-99
Sartorial Objects, Transgender Bodies and Destabilized Meaning: A Study of Kaushik Ganguly’s Nagarkirtan
Authors: Nizam Hamalna
Published: November 2022

Kaushik Ganguly’s 2017 film Nagarkirtan narrates the story of Puti, a transgender belonging to a hijra group in Kolkata, who desires for a gender reconfirmation surgery. Puti’s sartorial choices help her construct or emulate the appearance of a body she longs for but cannot avail due to her poor financial condition. On one hand, her sartorial choices help her to express her felt gender; on the other hand, it betrays her by either limiting her identity or giving out misinformation about the body that lies beneath. The paper uses Butler’s idea of impermanence of meaning behind signs and Halberstam’s idea of ‘trans’ being a destabilizing element of societal norms to present a qualitative analysis of the trans protagonist’s social performances through sartorial preferences as depicted in Nagarkirtan. Since the film under discussion shows its transgender protagonist at various stages of life, the paper also discusses her clothing choices throughout the years to explore the complex relationship among the clothes, the trans body and societal expectations.
Spectrum, Volume 16, June 2021: 195-206
Undetected serovars: leptospirosis cases in the Cairns region during the 2021 wet season
Authors: Taunton Caroline , Hayek Carol El , Field Emma , Rubenach Sally , Esmonde Juliet , Smith Simon , Preston-Thomas Annie
Published: November 2022

Background Leptospirosis infection can lead to serious renal and cardiopulmonary complications and can be fatal. Following heavy rainfall and localised flooding in early 2021, Tropical Public Health Services in Cairns were alerted to an increase in leptospirosis cases in the region, with notifications almost three times higher than usual by mid-February. An epidemiological investigation was undertaken. Methods Leptospirosis notification data were obtained from the Queensland Notifiable Conditions System. Confirmed and probable cases residing in the Cairns region, with an onset date between 1 January and 31 May 2021, were included in the investigation. Case demographics, pathology results, symptoms, hospital stay information and presumed exposure sources were obtained from Queensland Health records; local rainfall data was obtained from the Australian Bureau of Meteorology. Case characteristics and rainfall were compared to the prior ten-year period and the distribution of cases by week of onset, address, exposure source and infecting serovar analysed. Results A total of 43 leptospirosis cases were notified between January and May 2021, the highest number recorded for the region since 2011. Presumed exposure sources were available for 40 cases (93.0%), with 33 cases (82.5%) exposed occupationally, including 25 cases working on banana farms. Infecting Leptospira serovars were identified for five cases (11.6%), with four infected with serovar Australis and one with serovar Zanoni. Limited information about the specific exposure sites for each case and a low serovar detection rate hampered the ability to confirm the presence or absence of a leptospirosis outbreak. While heavy rainfall is likely to have contributed to the spike in cases, no factors were identified as clearly associated with the increase. Conclusions A number of pathways are proposed to improve the collection of exposure site data and the identification of infecting serovars, in order to strengthen local leptospirosis surveillance and the ability to detect outbreaks in the Cairns region.
Australian Group on Antimicrobial Resistance (AGAR) Australian Gram-negative Surveillance Outcome Program (GnSOP) - Bloodstream Infection Annual Report 2021
Authors: Bell Jan M , Lubian Alicia Fajardo , Partridge Sally R , Gottlieb Thomas , Robson Jenny , Iredell Jonathan R , Daley Denise A , Coombs Geoffrey W
Published: November 2022

The Australian Group on Antimicrobial Resistance (AGAR) performs regular period-prevalence studies to monitor changes in antimicrobial resistance in selected enteric gram-negative pathogens. The 2021 survey was the ninth year to focus on bloodstream infections caused by Enterobacterales, and the seventh year where Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter species were included. The 2021 survey tested 8,947 isolates, comprising Enterobacterales (8,104; 90.6%), P. aeruginosa (745; 8.3%) and Acinetobacter species (98; 1.1%), using commercial automated methods. The results were analysed using Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) and European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) breakpoints (January 2022). Of the key resistances, resistance to the third-generation cephalosporin ceftriaxone was found in 12.5%/12.5% (CLSI/EUCAST criteria) of Escherichia coli and in 6.1%/6.1% of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Resistance rates to ciprofloxacin were 12.3%/12.3% for E. coli; 7.2%/7.2% for K. pneumoniae; 5.4%/5.4% for Enterobacter cloacae complex; and 3.7%/8.0% for P. aeruginosa. Resistance rates to piperacillin-tazobactam were 2.8%/6.5%; 2.9%/9.9%; 18.4%/28.1%; and 6.9%/12.8% for the same four species, respectively. Seventeen Enterobacterales isolates from 17 patients were shown to harbour a carbapenemase gene: 12 blaIMP-4; two blaNDM-7; one blaNDM-1; one blaOXA-181; and one blaKPC-2. No transmissible carbapenemase genes were detected among P. aeruginosa or Acinetobacter isolates in the 2021 survey
Inherited Bone Failure Syndromes, Focus on the Haematological Manifestations: A Review
Authors: Foglesong Jessica S. , Bannon Sarah A. , DiNardo Courtney D.
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this review is to provide the haematologist with a working knowledge of the common inherited bone marrow failure syndromes (iBMFS) diagnosed in early childhood to young adulthood. Although these disorders are heterogeneous, this article discusses their common features, pathophysiology, and management. Each of these syndromes has a spectrum of clinical variation and can cause both haematological and non-haematological manifestations. Most pathogenic mutations responsible are in genes important to a progenitor cell’s ability to maintain genomic integrity, which accounts for the clinical phenotypes often affecting multiple tissues. Furthermore, all of these syndromes predispose not only to aplastic anaemia but also to myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myeloid leukaemia. Since iBMFS only account for a small percentage of childhood leukaemia cases, it is important that the clinician maintains a high clinical suspicion as appropriate diagnosis impacts treatment, health screening, and family members. Identification of iBMFS is critically important for appropriate donor selection and transplant regimens, as haematopoietic stem cell transplantation is curative for the haematological manifestations of these diseases, but treatment-related mortality can be excessive if modifications are not made to conditioning.
Management of B-Cell Lymphoma: Where Are We Now and Where Are We Going?
Authors: Bhamra Savroop
Published: November 2022

The main objectives of the symposium were to explore the current developments in the diagnosis and treatment of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). An overview of the hurdles and unmet needs in the management of indolent NHL were discussed, followed by the current and future perspectives for the treatment of indolent NHL. The topic of frontline treatment outcomes in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the most common type of high-grade NHL, was also explored with an emphasis on how outcomes could be improved.
Staging of Mycosis Fungoides and Sézary Syndrome: Time for an Update?
Authors: Scarisbrick Julia
Published: November 2022

Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the most common variant of cutaneous T cell lymphoma and frequently presents as early-stage disease with skin patches and plaques with an indolent course, but patients experience significant morbidity from itch and disfigurement. Around 30% of patients with MF present in the advance stages with skin tumours, erythroderma, and extensive nodal or visceral involvement. Sézary syndrome (SS) is the leukaemic cutaneous T cell lymphoma variant. The staging of MF or SS was revised in 2007 to include skin, nodal, visceral, and blood (tumour- node-metastasis-blood classification) to determine nine stages (IA–IVB). While most patients with early disease (Stages IA–IIA) have a good prognosis, 25% progress to advanced disease, with a poor life expectancy of around 3 years; however, some patients do survive for ≥10 years. Accurate staging is crucial since management strategies are stage-based, with skin-directed therapy recommended in early-stage disease and with no curative therapeutic options to improve symptoms and reduce skin tumour burden. In contrast, advanced-stage patients mostly require systemic therapy. Most treatments have only partial response rates, around 40%, and allogeneic bone marrow transplant may provide a more long-lasting therapeutic option for advanced patients.

Relevant prognostic factors within the tumour-node-metastasis-blood classification are discussed in this review and their relevance to overall IA–IVB staging and outcomes are debated. Several important prognostic features have been identified that may be used alongside staging to give further prognostic information. These prognostic features include age >60 years at diagnosis, large cell transformation of the skin, and raised serum lactate dehydrogenase levels, which could be developed into a prognostic index to identify patients at risk of progression and requiring more aggressive therapy. The PROCLIPI study, a prospective cutaneous lymphoma international study, has been ongoing since 2015 to collect such data, with the aim of developing a prognostic index for MF and SS.
The Effects of the Nirvana Fitness Exercise Programme on Perceived Stress and Cognition
Authors: Solianik Rima , Ivanova Jelena
Published: November 2022

Background. Mind and body exercise programmes, such as Tai Chi, Yoga and Pilates, can be successfully applied for stress reduction and cognitive function enhancement, however Nirvana Fitness training effects on perceived stress and cognition remain equivocal.
The aim. To determine the effects of Nirvana Fitness training on perceived stress and cognition.
Methods. The study included 20 women. They were randomly assigned to a control (n=10) or experimental (n=10) group. Participants in the experimental group participated in the Nirvana Fitness exercise programme, which consisted of a 50-minute class twice a week for 8 weeks. Participants in the control group were asked to maintain their daily routines. Changes in perceived stress and cognitive performance were evaluated.
Results. The Nirvana Fitness exercise programme significantly decreased
(p<0.05) perceived stress and improved (p<0.05) inhibitory control and cognitive
flexibility, whereas spatial and working memory remained unchanged.
Conclusion. The Nirvana Fitness programme can be used as an effective method to decrease stress and improve attention in women.
Keywords: memory, attention, women, mind and body exercise programmes
Effect of Physiotherapy on Balance and Gross Motor Skills in a Child With 16p11.2 Microdeletion
Authors: Kerulienė Vaida , Kaleckienė Margarita
Published: November 2022

Background. The 16p11.2 microdeletion is one of the most commonly known causes of genetic neurodevelopmental disorders, manifesting in a variety of developmental and behavioral disorders and specific medical conditions. In the case of a diagnosed 16p11.2 microdeletion, referral to a specialist is recommended for a comprehensive neuropsychological and/or developmental assessment. Treatment should be directed at the specific disorders identified. Physiotherapy is applied to improve motor skills, balance and coordination.
The aim. To evaluate the effect of physiotherapy on the balance and gross motor skills of a child with 16p11.2 microdeletion.
Methods. A 6-year-old boy with a 16p11.2 microdeletion was studied. The subject received individual physiotherapy for six months. The subject’s indicators were assessed 4 times: before physiotherapy procedures and every two months. The subject’s balance was assessed using the Pediatric Balance Scale; gross motor skills were assessed using the skill testing scheme.
Results. The average indicator of general motor skills before physiotherapy was 2.57 points, after physiotherapy – 3.48 points, the average change in the results of physiotherapy was 0.91 points. Balance scores improved by 7 points after the half-year intervention, from 39 points to 46 points, but balance remained impaired.
Conclusion. Physiotherapy had a beneficial effect on balance and gross motor skills in a child with a 16p11.2 microdeletion.
Keywords: physiotherapy, microdeletion, balance, gross motor skills.
Association of Back Pain with Spinal Hypermobility and Static Trunk Endurance in Ballroom Dancers
Authors: Kišonaitė Airida , Gedmantaitė Anelė
Published: November 2022

Background. Low back pain is one of the most common problems among ballroom dancers.
The aim. To determine the correlations between the hypermobility of the lumbar spine, lower back pain and static endurance of the trunk muscles in sports dancers.
Methods. 36 ballroom dancers (50% males and 50% females) between the ages of 16 and 22 participated in the study. The subjects filled out a questionnaire, inclinometry was performed to determine the amplitudes of spinal movements, the static endurance of the trunk muscles was assessed according to the McGill methodology, and the intensity of the felt pain was assessed on the analog pain scale.
Results. 72.2% of dancers have experienced lower back pain at least once in their life. The average back pain intensity for males was 2.17 ± 2.92 p., and for females – 3.56 ± 2.66 (p< 0.05). The amplitude of back extension was 28.1° for dancers with back pain, and 22.2° for those without. The average endurance of the back muscles of the subjects who felt pain was 101s, and 117s for those who did not. The average endurance of the left side of the trunk muscles was 70s in subjects with low back pain and 83s in subjects without. A statistically significant difference was found between pain sensation and extension amplitude (p<0.05) and pain sensation and static endurance of trunk muscles (p<0.05).
Conclusion. The more intense the pain, the greater the amplitude of the spine. With lower back pain the static endurance of the muscles of the back and left side of the trunk was shorter.
Keywords: hypermobility of the spine, back pain, static endurance of the trunk muscles, sports dancing.
The Sandbox Model: A Novel Approach to Iterating while Implementing an Emergency Education Program in Lebanon during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Boujikian Michèle , Carter Alice , Jordan Katy
Published: November 2022

Jusoor's Refugee Education Program helps Syrian refugee children living in Lebanon integrate back into formal schooling. When schools closed due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the refugee program adapted to distance learning by developing Azima, a novel program that used WhatsApp to enable children to keep learning. Azima had to respond immediately to the emergency context while maintaining high education standards, and it also needed to find an effective way to test and refine its content quickly. To do this, the Azima program adopted an innovative experimental approach called a sandbox. A sandbox model operates in rapid iterative cycles and uses multiple methods to quickly test a program's assumptions about how it will meet its goals. In this field note, we use Azima as a case study to report on our experience of applying the sandbox model. We reflect on the benefits and limitations of this novel approach in supporting the use of education technology in a crisis situation.
Paroxysmal dyspnoea in asthma: Wheeze, ILO or dysfunctional breathing?
Authors: Crawford A. L. , Blakey J. D. , Baumwol K.
Published: November 2022

Paroxysms of dyspnoea in the general population are commonly reported and are frequently assumed to be asthma-related, especially if this diagnostic label has been previously applied. Often, this is not the case. Inducible Laryngeal Obstruction (ILO) and Dysfunctional Breathing (DB) are common comorbid conditions that go unrecognised in many difficult-to-treat asthmatics. On average, these patients have a delay in diagnosis of almost 5 years. This delay, along with ineffective, inappropriate escalation of asthma therapy, frequent hospital presentations for uncontrolled symptoms, and even intensive care admissions, magnifies patient morbidity and poor quality of life. ILO and DB have similar presentations and triggers to asthma. Differentiating between them can be challenging, especially in centres that do not have access to multidisciplinary subspecialty asthma services. Objectively confirming the diagnosis can likewise be challenging as symptoms fluctuate, and gold-standard investigations require extensive experience. This mini-review will summarise the clinical features of ILO and DB, with particular focus in the context of individuals treated for asthma. This narrative review will define each condition, highlight poignant aspects of the history and describe elements of the diagnostic pathway to gain objective confirmation.