INCREASING THE RELIABILITY OF THE SYSTEM OF AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE REGULATION OF LOW-VOLTAGE CIRCUITS OF ELECTRICAL DIRECT CURRENT MOVEMENT COMPONENTS
Authors: BELUKHIN D. , VASYLYEV V. 
Published: July 2024

Purpose. The purpose of this work is the analysis of possible directions for improving the performance indicators of electric rolling stock of direct current railways. The work is devoted to the improvement of systems of automatic voltage regulation of low-voltage circuits where the power source is a direct current generator. The number of electric locomotives and electric trains of railways and their units, which have exhausted their service life, but will be in service for a long time, preserves the relevance of research into possible directions of modernization and the specifics of system operation. Methodology. The work uses the analysis and generalization of previously performed research. The methodological basis of the research is the mathematical apparatus of the theory of automatic control and the theory of reliability. The object of research is the process of functioning of low-voltage control circuits of electric rolling stock of direct current railways with direct current generators as an energy source. The subject of the study is a voltage regulator for own needs based on a modern element base. Findings. A variant of the system of automatic voltage regulation of low-voltage circuits with generator power sources for electric rolling stock of direct current is offered. The basis of the system is the voltage regulation node, which in the existing structure is made on the basis of a carbon vibration regulator on a strip. As an alternative, a system based on operational amplifiers and the use of proportional or proportional-integral laws of the regulator in the structure is proposed. Modeling of dynamic processes indicates the structural stability of the system and qualitative transition processes. A comparison of the no-failure indicators of the nodes indicates a possible increase in terms between services and cost savings. The comparison is made for systems that are in operation for a long time and those that are offered. Originality. It is proposed to implement the node of the system of automatic voltage regulation on a modern elemental basis, which allows to improve the reliability of the system and implement a small, economical, modernization of rolling stock of railways with an exhausted service life. Practical value. The obtained results can be used by enterprises that carry out major repairs of electric trains and direct current electric locomotives with extended service life. The implementation of the proposed units makes it possible to replace existing contact-based relay systems with fast contact wear, frequent maintenance and debugging. As a result, new units can be transferred to service during current repairs due to the introduction of non-contact systems and increase the probability of trouble-free operation and use the personnel who are always present in locomotive depots. This reduces the cost of maintenance due to the introduction of a modern element base and exclusion from the technological process of maintenance of existing units.