bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization Shortest One-Way Path for Energy Saving Auto Robot Collecting Floating Garbage using Fast Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search
Authors: Nuanmeesri Sumitra , Poomhiran Lap
Published: April 2021

Floating garbage is a global problem that needs to be cleared and disposed of from the sea and rivers or canals. Mostly the floating plastic garbage directly affects the ecology and the aquatic animals. This paper proposes to develop a low-cost auto robot from waste materials in the household, school, or agriculture, then combines with the Internet of Things technology and focusing on the power energy saving with the highest accuracy in operation of floating garbage collection.  ESP32 development kit board is the primary controller with a camera module and ultrasonic sensor for detecting the floating garbage while moving on the water’s surface in the boundary of the specified area, including the small canal, rectangle area, and no rectangle area. The mixed mode is a new method to define the shortest one-way path using a fast approximate nearest neighbor search for the auto robot to detect and collect the floating garbage on the water surface. It was combined between the stationary and the cover model. The mixed mode can eliminate the blind spot area that occurs when using the stationary mode and cover mode. As a result, the auto robot system’s accuracy in mixed mode is 98.3%. It was found that the development of the shortest one-way path for the auto robot collecting floating garbage by mixed mode provides the highest efficiency in detecting floating garbage and also helps to save overall costs, and the resource consumption is nearly half of cover mode consumption.
Roasted Pearl Millet Flour (RoPMF) Improved the Mineral Composition of Beef Sausages
Authors: Yaro Joseph , Adzitey Frederick , Huda Nurul
Published: April 2021

Meat products which are cheaper and have better nutritional composition are crucial for reducing hunger and promoting good health and wellbeing of humans. This study investigated the nutritional, physicochemical, sensory, and formulation cost of beef sausages prepared using roasted pearl millet flour (RoPMF). A complete randomized design was used to assign roasted pearl millet flour (0% RoPMF, 5% RoPMF, 10% RoPMF and 15% RoPMF) to meats. Other ingredients were added in equal amounts. The official methods of analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists and British Standard Institute procedures were used for mineral and sensory analysis, respectively. There were significant differences (P<0.05) in the mineral composition of the beef sausages. The iron, magnesium and calcium contents of the RoPMF sausages were generally higher than the control (0% RoPMF) sausages. The potassium contents of 5% RoPMF and 15% RoPMF sausages were similar (P>0.05) to the control. The 5% RoPMF sausages had the highest zinc content of 35.29±0.18 mg/kg. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) in the sensory (color, flavor intensity, flavor liking, texture, tenderness, juiciness) scores and overall acceptability of the beef sausages. The ash, fat, carbohydrate, water holding capacity, and peroxide value of the beef sausages were not affected (P>0.05) when RoPMF was used for the formulation. In general, the protein content of the RoPMF beef sausages was not affected negatively. The cost of producing a kilogram of beef sausages was GHS 31.50 ($5.47), GHS 31.10 ($5.40), GHS 30.70 ($5.33), and GHS 30.30 ($5.26) for 0% RoPMF, 5% RoPMF, 10% RoPMF, and 15% RoPMF beef sausages, respectively. It is concluded that the formulation of beef sausages with roasted pearl millet flour did not negatively affect the sensory characteristics of the sausages, but improved it mineral composition and reduced production cost.
Constructing a Model with Binary Response to Some of the Factors Affecting the Incidence of Chronic Kidney Failure
Authors: Mahdi Nabaa Naeem
Published: April 2021

Chronic kidney failure has become a disease of widespread diseases and increasingly in our society and must take precautions and prevention of causes and identify the most critical factors that lead to the disease. Since the binary logistic regression response (0,1) handles such as the model, the researcher took a sample consisting of 100 people between infected and non-infected chronic kidney. The researcher considered three factors that affect the disease: sex, age, and blood pressure. The model of logistic regression was constructed, and the parameter was estimated using the Maximum likelihood. The significance of the parameter was tested through the Wald test, and the full estimated model was tested with quality testing. The researchers recommend using logistics models for flexible use and application in the medical, economic, and social fields. Study of a larger number of variables affecting the disease and linear Multi-collinearly through the method of partial least square regression. Spreading awareness and culture among the community in identifying the causes of the disease and how to reduce treatment spread. We reached that the pressure is a factor, which is in line with the medical terms of interpretation that the blood pressure affecting the likelihood of developing high blood pressure leads significantly to chronic kidney failure, and the low blood pressure leads to the disease at a low rate. Besides, the sex variable also has a role in this model and the probability of injury for males more than females injured, but age did not appear significant to these parameters.
Classification Modelling of Random Forest to Identify the Important Factors in Improving the Quality of Education
Authors: Ramadhan Aditya , Susetyo Budi , Indahwati -
Published: April 2021

National Education Standards (SNP) is the minimum criteria that must be met by the education units and/or educational organizations to realize high-quality national education. The evaluation is implemented through accreditation, and national evaluation of graduate competencies carried out through national examination (UN). Research on the causality relationship between SNP and the UN has been done, but research using classification modelling to explain the relationship between SNP and the UN has never been done. This study employed random forest for multi-class classification to examine important variables in improving the quality of education at the high school level (SMA/MA) based on computer-based national exam (UNBK) scores and accreditation results. The highest classification accuracy and G-Mean value were obtained in multi-class random forest modelling of 88.17% and 48.95% based on the evaluation model. This model generates important factors in the classifying the quality of education by the items of accreditation instruments. Important factors are items 69, 68, 62, 71, 67, 55, 56, 83, 45, 39, 36, 33, 64, 46, and 14. Based on the indicators of important factors, SNP has an important role in classifying the quality of education, which are standards of school facilities (SSP), standards of teacher and education staff (SPT), and standards of graduate competency (SKL). The study results advise region governments and education units to collaborate in improving SSP, SPT, and SKL.
EXPLORAÇÃO DA TERRA E DO TRABALHO NA FRONTEIRA AGROPECUÁRIA DA AMAZÔNIA ORIENTAL: O CASO DE SÃO FÉLIX DO XINGU (PA)
Authors: Crispim Sebastião Novais Sousa , Frabetti Giancarlo Livman
Published: April 2021

O objetivo central deste trabalho é o de dimensionar o nível de exploração da terra e do trabalho no município de São Félix do Xingu, em contraposição com a competitividade internacional alcançada pelo setor. O procedimento metodológico de investigação desta pesquisa consiste em um levantamento bibliográfico acerca da expansão da fronteira agropecuária na Amazônia, bem como em um levantamento de dados estatísticos sobre a estrutura fundiária e as relações de trabalho na área de estudos selecionada. Argumentaremos no sentido de propor que a pecuária de corte para exportação é uma atividade que consumiu um enorme montante de recursos financeiros públicos para ser implantada e, embora esteja caminhado no sentido de se aprimorar tecnicamente, tendo se tornado um importante setor do agronegócio brasileiro, só pôde alcançar esta relevância ao expropriar populações tradicionais e concentrar terras, além de criar trabalho precarizado em massa, gerando poucos empregos assalariados formais e bem remunerados.
A aprendizagem da finitude em dois poemas de Manuel Bandeira
Authors: Ferreira Filho Elzio Quaresma , Ferraz Antônio Máximo
Published: April 2021

Este trabalho se propõe a interpretar os poemas “Visita” e “Lua nova”, que integram o livro Opus 10 (1952), de Manuel Bandeira, com o intuito de demonstrar a presença, neles, de uma aprendizagem da finitude, a qual possibilita uma incomum e admirável serenidade em relação à morte. Seguindo as considerações do filósofo Hans-Georg Gadamer acerca da relação entre o intérprete e a obra de arte, nossa interpretação abdicará da aplicação de um método previamente formulado aos poemas para privilegiar a escuta do dizer que emana de cada um deles. A interpretação dos poemas nos indicará como a morte pode ser pensada sem o alarmismo e a carga negativa que a nossa época lhe emprega, mas de modo sereno, percebendo-a como algo natural e necessário.
A influência das variáveis socioeconômicas sobre as ocorrências de febre chikungunya no município de Belém, Pará, Brasil (Edição 482)
Authors: Silva Jaqueline Portal , Pimentel Márcia Aparecida , Jardim Mário Augusto
Published: April 2021

Nos grandes centros urbanos de países em desenvolvimento intensificação da migração do campo para cidade, o aumento da densidade demográfica, a urbanização desordenada, a pobreza urbana, as condições sanitárias precárias, a ineficiência das políticas públicas de saúde tem favorecido a emergência das arboviroses. O presente estudo tem o objetivo de analisar as condições de renda e densidade populacional sobre as ocorrências de febre Chikungunya em Belém do Pará, no período de 2016 a 2018. As variáveis foram analisadas com base em estatísticas descritivas, a partir das quais foram determinadas média, desvio padrão, coeficiente de variação, mediana, mínimo e máximo. A análise temporal identificou aumento no número de ocorrências ao longo do período avaliado. Quanto à distribuição espacial observa-se a expansão e a manutenção de focos da doença em determinados bairros. A correlação de Pearson identificou associação entre as ocorrências de febre Chikungunya e a variável de densidade demografia, em 2017, que resultou em uma regressão linear fraca, porém significativa.Palavras-chave: Febre Chikungunya. Infecções por arbovírus. Doenças tropicais negligenciadas.
A pororoca da participação autêntica: estudo de caso do orçamento participativo de Belém (Edição 483)
Authors: Angel Fredy Alexis Rivera , Simonian Ligia Terezinha Lopes
Published: April 2021

O exercício do Orçamento Participativo (OP) de Belém conseguiu ser levada a cabo entre os anos de 1997 e 2004. Pretende-se, neste artigo, analisar o desenvolvimento e a dinâmica do processo de OP de Belém, para aprofundar-se em algumas das limitações principais quanto ao alcance de processos contínuos e consistentes. Isto, por meio da auscultação das razões que fizeram com que o processo de orçamento participativo de Belém fosse descontinuado. Objetiva-se, também, a análise das implicações de se realizar OP somente em democracia direta, stricto sensu, através da descentralização territorial ou de fazê-lo mediante a delegação; e se, realmente, órgãos como os conselhos de OP e os conselhos distritais utilizados em Belém, foram democracia participativa, e se eles eram necessários. Além disso, procura-se avaliar os graus de participação popular alcançados pelo processo de OP na cidade de Belém. Para isto, neste estudo de caso, foram feitas pesquisas documentais e bibliográficas sobre o objeto de estudo, assim como a aplicação de entrevistas aos principais atores envolvidos. Conclui-se, que o a pororoca participativa em Belém desapareceu especialmente pela falta de fortalecimento cidadão, a falta de maiores estoques de capital social, a cooptação dos movimentos sociais, e o uso da delegação no processo.Palavras-chave: Orçamento Participativo. Participação Cidadã. Capital Social. Movimentos Sociais. Fortalecimento Cidadão.
ANALYSIS OF SOLDERS ON TIN AND LEAD BASES BY X-RAY FLOORESCENT SPECTROSCOPY
Authors:   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Alekseev A.V. , Orlov G.V. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Petrov P.S. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Slavin A.V.
Published: April 2021

The determination of the elements Cu, Ni, Sb, Bi, Pb, Zn and Fe in the tin-based solder VPr35, as well as the elements Sn, Ni, Sb, Bi and In in the lead-based VPr40 solder by the method of х-ray fluorescence spectroscopy has been carried out. The calibration dependences are corrected taking into account the superposition of signals from interfering elements on the analytical signal and changes in intensity caused by inter-element influences in the matrix. The analysis was carried out by the method of fundamental parameters without using standard samples. The correctness of the results obtained was confirmed by their comparative analysis by atomic emission spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry with a glow discharge.
STUDY FOR DESTRUCTIVE INFLUENCE OF MICROMYCETE STRAINS, ISOLATED UNDER CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF CUBA, ON POLYMER FILM MATERIALS
Authors:   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Krivushina A.A. , Sevastyanov D.V. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Shein E.A. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Daskovsky M.I. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Usagawa Z. ,   Cienfuegos Environmental Studies Center, Avilleira G.P. ,   Cienfuegos Environmental Studies Center, Batista M.G. ,   Cienfuegos Environmental Studies Center
Published: April 2021

A laboratory study for biodegradation of polymer film materials (high-density and low-density polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride) under the action of mircomycete strains isolated under conditions of the island of Cuba was carried out. The maximum growth of micromycetes was observed in case of PVC samples. The minimum level of biodegradation for PVC films revealed at the mould resistance test (28 days) was confirmed by the results of tensile testing.
MODELING OF THE CURING PROCESS OF A POLYMER RESIN AND CHANGES IN MICROHARDNESS IN ITS VOLUME
Authors:   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Postnov V.I. , Kachura S.M. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials», Veshkin E.A. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials»
Published: April 2021

Curing parameters have the greatest impact on the physical and mechanical properties of FRP, therefore their optimum value is of particular importance for obtaining quality products. During curing temperature of the inner layers of the FRP can increase unevenly, which can lead to the formation of a gradient in the degree of conversion and heterogeneity of physical and mechanical properties. The article is devoted to the development of a mathematical model of the curing process of the EDT-69N resin, taking into account the kinetic parameters of curing and implementation thermophysical modeling using the finite element method. The correspondence of the family of curves for the degree of conversion along the sample cross-section and the family of microhardness curves is also shown.
On the need of addressing voltage sag and short interruption concerns in power supply system design and operation
Authors: Vagin Gennagy , Sevostyanov Alexandr , Iurtaev Sergey
Published: April 2021

Voltage sags and interruptions are generally caused by faults on power supply systems. Voltage sags and interruptions significantly reduce electric power quality and can result to equipment failures, control malfunctions, and other technical and financial losses. In our research, we proof the need of addressing voltage sag and short interruption concerns in power supply systems to make them safer and more cost-effective. We describe certain characteristics of voltage sags and short interruptions, determine what causes them, how they affect various types of equipment, and how to improve design and operation of power supply systems taking into account protection from voltage sags and short interruptions.
STUDI LIVING QUR’ȂN IMPLEMENTASI PEMAHAMAN MASYARAKAT TERHADAP SURAH AL-NISȂ’ AYAT 36 TENTANG BIRR AL-WȂLIDAYN SETELAH WAFAT DI DESA OMBEN KECAMATAN OMBEN KABUPATEN SAMPANG
Authors: Ariej Ariej
Published: April 2021

Birr Al-Wâlidayn merupakan perintah Allah untuk berbakti dan berbuat baik kepada kedua orang tua yang harus diikuti dan ditaati setelah perintah beribadah atau bertauhid kepada-Nya. Birr al-Wâlidayn tidak hanya dilakukan pada masa orang tua hidup, tetapi dilaksanakan setelah wafatnya pula. Namun, Birr al-Wâlidayn setelah wafat sering kali tidak diperhatikan, karena anak menganggap sudah lepas dari tanggung jawab setelah orang tua wafat. Salah satu tempat yang masih kental dalam melaksanakan atau meyakini adanya kegiatan-kegiatan yang berhubungan dengan oang tua, yaitu di desa Omben kecamatan Omben kabupaten Sampang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif-deskriptif dengan menggunakan studi living Qur’ân, penggalian datanya melalui wawancara kepada masyarakat (tokoh agama, tokoh masyarakat, atau masyarakat secara umum) terkait pemahaman mereka terhadap surah al-Nisâ’ ayat 36 dan implementasinya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari mereka. Hasil dari penelitian ini; pertama, menunjukkan bahwa pandangan masyarakat tentang birr al-Wâlidayn dapat dibedakan menjadi dua, yaitu birr al-Wâlidayn berupa perkataan dan perbuatan. Kedua, indikator birr al-Wâlidayn setelah wafat berupa tanggung jawab anak untuk mengurus jenazah orang tua seperti memandikan, mengafani, menyalati dan menguburkan jenazah orang tua. Kemudian memintakan maaf kepada kerabat dan tetangga, melunasi hutang, melakukan badal haji untuk mereka, dan menyambung silaturahmi dengan teman orang tua. Ketiga, implementasi pemahaman masyarakat terhadap surah al-nisȃ’ ayat 36 tentang birr al-Wȃlidayn setelah wafat di desa omben kecamatan omben kabupaten sampang terdapat beberapa bagian, yaitu kegiatan tahlilan, memperingati empat puluh harinya orang tua yang telah wafat, seratus hari, satu tahun (haul), seribu hari (nyebuh), rebbâ, dan ziarah ke kuburan orang tua.
Cadar dan Resepsi Al-Quran pada Mahasiswi IAIN Madura: Analisis pada Surah Al-Ahzab (33) Ayat 59 dan Al-Nur (24) Ayat 31 dalam Kitab Tafsir Al-Azhar
Authors: Falihah Risalatil
Published: April 2021

Niqab which was known by Arabs before Islam currrently became a dress choice for other Muslimah. Use of niqab among female students at IAIN Madura increased year by year. Thus, the reason related to its use was a question of this paper. This study employed qualitative method with descriptive phenomenological approach. While the data were collected by using observation, interview and documentation technique. Some informants involved were female students whose wear niqab, lecturers and other students. Triangulation was used as data validation method. This study found that some reasons of wearing niqab among female students are the belief of self-dignity, self-guide, and the feel of self-peaceful. On the other hand, female students with niqab encountered stereotypical experiences such as judged as terrorist and being discriminated by their family and surroundings.
“La Voz y el Eco” de Mauricio Magdaleno en Excélsior: una síntesis de sus dilemas profesionales
Authors:   Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México, Arranz Mínguez Conrado J.
Published: April 2021

En este texto se otorgan claves para comprender la relación tripartita del escritor con la literatura, la política y la prensa. A través del proyecto de “La Voz y Eco”, primero como columna en Diorama de la Cultura y después en su formato en libro, Magdaleno entrega un universo sintético de preocupaciones e intereses que alentaron su obra. Con ello, a decir del autor, el narrador se posiciona como un hombre en la encrucijada entre la vocación literaria y los afanes por incidir en la política nacional.
Estresse ocupacional e os impactos na saúde das assistentes sociais de uma Unidade Hospitalar de atendimento à criança em Boa Vista - Roraima
Authors: Medeiros Tatianne Lorenna Vieira , Lopes Kesy Stheffany Silva , Oliveira Janaine Voltolini de
Published: April 2021

O objetivo deste estudo é discutir a atuação profissional de assistentes sociais no contexto de uma unidade hospitalar de atendimento à criança em Boa Vista – Roraima, e os impactos do trabalho na saúde mental destas profissionais, em específico, do estresse ocupacional. Idealizada a partir das vivências em campo durante o ano de 2019, nas disciplinas de Estágio Supervisionado em Serviço Social I e II, a pesquisa, de abordagem mista, realizada com base em revisão bibliográfica, pesquisa-ação e entrevistas a partir de questionários com 18 profissionais, possibilitou, além da observação da realidade institucional e do fazer profissional, o revisitar  de conteúdos e a reflexão, por parte das profissionais, sobre o mundo do trabalho, as demandas cotidianas e sua relação com a saúde mental.
Violência contra as mulheres
Authors: Britto Ana Claudia de Oliveira , Andrade Cristiane Batista , Bitencourt Silvana Maria , Braga Aline Azevedo
Published: April 2021

Este artigo visa analisar a utilização do conceito de patriarcado nas produções científicas brasileiras da área de saúde sobre as violências contra as mulheres e questionar em que medida artigos científicos dialogam ou não com o conceito de patriarcado em Heleith Saffioti. Além disso, ressalta a importância da formação dos profissionais que atendem mulheres vítimas de violência terem uma aproximação teórica dos estudos do patriarcado. O recurso metodológico utilizado foi o da revisão de literatura narrativa na base de dados Scielo e BVS-Regional. A amostra analisada permitiu dizer que, quando as produções científicas da área da saúde abordam o conceito de patriarcado, os achados ganham maior visibilidade do poder dos homens sobre as mulheres, as desigualdades entre os gêneros e a violência como uma construção social, histórica e cultural na sociedade patriarcal.
¡Esta es la verdad!
Authors: Marchesi Aldo
Published: April 2021

El presente articulo se propone indagar en los significados que la noción de verdad adquirió en los debates acerca de los pasados dictatoriales durante las transiciones a las democracias. El artículo se concentra en el estudio de las estrategias desarrolladas por los productores de los Informes "Nunca Más" en Argentina, Brasil, Chile y Uruguay para que sus verdades fueran legitimadas en la esfera pública. Luego de repasar los procesos relativos a la elaboración de cada Informe el artículo da cuenta de los particulares encadenamientos de sentido que se entablaron entre la noción de verdad, y otras como justicia, historia y estado. Por ultimo el autor concluye que las maneras particulares en que fue construida la Verdad de los Informes "Nunca Más" expresó una hibridación de procedimientos y actores que no guardaba estricta relación con las más comunes instituiciones encargadas de asumir da producción de conocimiento acerca de estos temas en las sociedades democráticas. Dicha hibridación fue el resultado de las limitaciones que aun mantenían los contextos de transición, y a la vez la inventiva de actores que buscaban transcenderlos.
Ferreira Gullar
Authors: Batista Rosane Pires
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo realiza uma análise do livro Rabo de Foguete: os anos de exílio, escrito por Ferreira Gullar em 1998, 20 anos após sua experiência no exílio. Por meio da rememoração, o poeta traz a tona uma época na qual a violência era alçada pelo Estado autoritário, e muitos brasileiros pertencentes a diferentes grupos sociais revolucionários viram-se obrigados a rumar para outros países, com o intuito de escaparem das prisões, torturas e mortes. A narrativa construída no livro evidencia a memória traumática do sobrevivente da ditadura militar brasileira e, nas filigranas dessa leitura, surgem lampejos do processo de modernização no Brasil, implantado durante o regime militar.
Análise sobre formas estratégicas nos discursos fascistas e do integralismo de Plínio Salgado
Authors: Cazetta Felipe Azevedo
Published: April 2021

Este artigo vem com o objetivo de traçar comparações entre os fascismos e o integralismo, a partir da utilização do totalitarismo como uma das formas de ascensão ao poder, por ambos os movimentos, tanto o europeu quanto o brasileiro. Entretanto, a pesquisa vislumbra tecer não só similaridades mas, examinar as divergências entre as balizas abordadas, através da observação do corpo teórico do Sigma.
Experiência social de risco à saúde
Authors: Mon Ana Domínguez , Zucal José Garriga
Published: April 2021

Costuma-se fazer alusão à diferença entre os sexos masculino e feminino na experiência social de risco à saúde e em termos de oposição de classe social, atribuindo aos setores médios a capacidade de identificar e gerenciar agravos à saúde. Em um estudo empírico, entrevistamos 62 usuários de Centros Comunitários de Saúde da Cidade de Buenos Aires, pais de crianças menores de 6 anos. Os resultados da pesquisa permitem afirmar que as transformações registradas nas práticas sociais em torno do cuidado à saúde não apresentam diferenças significativas entre homens e mulheres no cuidado individual, além de reconhecer alarmes comuns em torno da saúde da criança pequena, apenas diferenciados pelos agentes. Experiências anteriores em relação a tópicos específicos: álcool, drogas e 'juntos'. A territorialidade dos perigos remete às experiências e responsabilidades diferenciadas de homens e mulheres no cuidado diário e futuro da saúde infantil. As instituições reforçam os estereótipos de gênero enquanto ignoram a participação masculina nos cuidados com a saúde infantil nas práticas cotidianas.
ACTIVE SMOKING AND EXPOSURE TO PASSIVE SMOKING AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN ATTENDING A PRIMARY HEALTH CENTRE IN TEMANGGUNG, INDONESIA
Authors: Mayangsari Herlina , Mahmood Mohammad Afzal
Published: April 2021

Smoking during pregnancy threatens the health of mothers and their fetus. There are limited data in Indonesia about risk factors associated with smoking during pregnancy. This study aimed to explore levels of smoking, exposure to second-hand smoke (SHS), and related risk factors among pregnant women. Pregnant women who received antenatal care at the Temanggung Primary Health Centre in Central Java, Indonesia were interviewed face-to-face. They were asked about their smoking status, socio-economic status, pregnancy characteristics, and knowledge about health risks associated with smoking. A total of 80 participants were interviewed, and none of whom reported smoking, but the majority of whom (91.3%) reported exposure to SHS. This is a significant proportion when compared to rates of exposure to SHS recorded in other countries. The age of the mother affected the likelihood of exposure to SHS, with older mothers having a reduced likelihood of SHS exposure (p = 0.013; OR = 0.8; 95% CI = 0.74-0.96). However, the number of pregnancies, ANC visits, level of education, income, and awareness of the health risks associated with smoking were not found to be statistically significant. Although women appeared to be relatively aware of the negative effects associated with smoking and SHS exposure, the high incidence of passive smoking illustrated the challenges encountered by women in avoiding SHS. ANC programme should place greater stress on the dangers of SHS exposure, and also involve the whole family. Additionally, laws should be enacted to restrict or prohibit smoking in public places.Keywords: pregnant women, second-hand smoke, smoking
THE EFFECT OF LEAD (Pb) LEVELS IN THE BLOOD ON HEMOGLOBIN (Hb) LEVELS IN BOOK PRINTING PERSONNEL ON JALAN KARAH SURABAYA
Authors: Ayuputri Ursula Yesi Gusti , Keman Soedjajadi
Published: April 2021

Lead (Pb) is a metal used as raw material for color pigments in printing ink. Pb exposure caused by printing ink can cause an increase in Pb levels in the blood and a decrease in hemoglobin levels. This study aimed to analyze the effect of Pb levels of ink on Pb levels in blood, as well as the effect of Pb levels in the blood on hemoglobin levels in book printing employees on Jalan Karah Surabaya. This study included analytic observational research, the research design used was the cross-sectional design, and the multiple linear correlation test was used for analysis. The results showed that the Pb level in ink had an effect on the Pb level in the blood (p = 0.000; OR = 0.762). The employee characteristics, namely work period, had an effect on Pb level in blood (p = 0.000; OR = 0.883). Age, use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and personal hygiene do not affect the Pb level in the blood. Pb levels in the blood affect blood hemoglobin levels (p = 0.001; OR = -0.724). Employee characteristics, namely their work period, affect blood hemoglobin levels (p = 0.046; OR = -0.4471). Age and nutritional status did not affect the blood hemoglobin level. The conclusion in this study is that Pb levels in ink increases Pb levels in the blood, and Pb levels in the blood decrease blood hemoglobin levels. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor lead levels in the blood by periodic examination every 6 or 12 months. Book printing personnel should also take supplements containing calcium, iron (Fe), and vitamin C to inhibit lead absorption.Keywords: Pb levels in ink, blood Pb levels, Hb levels, printing employees.
ANALYSIS OF ACCEPTANCE OF E-HEALTH APPLICATION BY USERS IN PRIMARY HEALTHCARE CENTER IN SURABAYA CITY
Authors: Wahyu Astani Ni Made Mira , Puspitaning Ati Ni Luh Putu Arum , Ernawaty Ernawaty
Published: April 2021

This study used the observational quantitative method to analyze the acceptance of information technology  in the form of thee-Health. The theory of acceptance was further analyzed using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model. UTAUT model is the latest unified model that is an appropriate to explain the acceptance and use of information systems. The research objective was to analyze perceptions of the use of e-Health applications in the Surabaya City Health Center. The research design method used was cross-sectional design. The selected samples of 100 people were determined by multistage sampling in primary healthcare centers in every area of Surabaya. The independent variables in this study were performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence and behavioral intention while the dependent variable was the use of e-Health applications. Data were collected through questionnaires delivered via interviews. The results showed that the lowest indicator of acceptance by the users  was the time needed to input data category to the e-Health application. This study concludes that the acceptance of e-Health by users primary healthcare centers in Surabaya is low. This study suggests a more widespread dissemination of information regarding the benefits of the use of e-Health along with technical assistance and guidance on the use of e-Health applications.Keywords: UTAUT Model, e-Health application, primary healthcare center, acceptance
Social Media Analytics: Instagram Utilization for Delivering Health Education Messages to Young Adult in Indonesia
Authors: Mukti Odilia Firsti Wida , Putri Nuzulul Kusuma
Published: April 2021

Background: Social media marketing has become one of the most widely used forms of digital marketing in social marketing. Organizations that drive change in young people, such as the Center for Indonesia's Strategic Development Initiatives (CISDI), rely heavily on social media marketing in communicating various health issues to the public. However, only a few studies have used social media related data to understand the effectiveness of this media in the delivery of health issues. Objective: This study aims to analyze the utilization of social media marketing conducted by CISDI for delivering health messages and its impact to young adult in Indonesia using social media analytics. Methods: Real-time data were obtained through Keyhole as a social media analytics tool and audience insight of online and offline classes used for social analytic in this study. This research monitored the use of CISDI’s social media by using audience metrics and individual post metrics collected from April 2019 to April 2020. Online and offline class audience data were obtained from the CISDI engagement database which was used as a complement to audience metrics information. Analysis of metrics was used to describe the audience that had been reached by the Center for Indonesia's Strategic Development Initiatives, how health messages could engage with the groups of audience, and how social media marketing can move the audience. Results: The result of this study shows that social media utilization for delivering health messages brought impact on audience participation. Currently trending issues, such as sex education (average engagement rate = 14,43%). By promoting through social media, CISDI has engaged 10266 audience to participate in their classes. Conclusion: Social media utilization benefit CISDI in engaging audience and move them to participate in their cause.
Yaşam kalitesinin yordayıcısı olarak sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları: Tıp Fakültesi öğretim elemanları örneği
Authors: DEVRAN Hacer , BEYAZIT ÜÇGÜN Ayşenur , YÜREKLİ Mustafa Volkan , USKUN Ersin
Published: April 2021

Amaç: Yaşam kalitesi, bireylerin yaşamdaki pozisyonunu algılamasıdır. Sağlıklıyaşam biçimi davranışları ise bireyin sağlıklı kalmak ve hastalıklardan korunmakiçin inandığı ve uyguladığı davranışların bütünüdür. Bir tıp fakültesinde görevliöğretim elemanlarının sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışlarını ve yaşam kalitelerinideğerlendirmek; yaşam kalitesinin yordayıcılarını belirlemektir. Yöntem: Kesitselanalitik tipteki bu çalışmanın evrenini bir tıp fakültesinde çalışan öğretim elemanlarıoluşturmaktadır (N:419). Örneklem seçimi yapılmaksızın evrenin tamamınaulaşılması hedeflenmiş %77.6’sına ulaşılmıştır. Yaşam kalitesi, Dünya Sağlık ÖrgütüYaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği Kısa Formu ile ölçülmüştür. Ölçeğin bedensel, ruhsal, sosyal,çevre alt alanlarında alan puanları hesaplanmıştır. Sağlıklı yaşam biçim davranışları;Sağlıklı Yaşam Biçimi Davranışları Ölçeği-II ile belirlenmiştir. Ölçeğin; manevi gelişim,sağlık sorumluluğu, fiziksel aktivite, beslenme, kişiler arası ilişkiler ve stres yönetimiolmak üzere altı alt boyutu bulunmaktadır. İstatistik analizlerde Bağımsız gruplardat testi, Mann-Whitney U, varyans analizi, Kruskal-Wallis, Pearson korelasyon veçoklu doğrusal regresyon testleri kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırma grubunun%60.3’ü 35 yaş altında, %59.1’i erkektir. Araştırma grubunun %57.8’i tıpta uzmanlıköğrencisi, %42.2’si öğretim üyesidir. SYBD toplam puanı ile yaşam kalitesi alt alanları(bedensel, ruhsal, sosyal, ulusal çevre) arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı korelasyonmevcuttur (sırasıyla p<0.001; p<0.001; p<0.001 ve p<0.001). Düzenli uyku uyumak,bedensel ve sosyal yaşam kalitesini olumlu yönde yordamaktadır (sırasıyla; p<0.001ve p<0.01). SYBD alt alanlarından manevi gelişim, bedensel, ruhsal, sosyal ve çevreyaşam alanlarını olumlu yönde yordayan değişkendir (sırasıyla p<0.001; p<0.001;p<0.01 ve p<0.001). Sonuç: Sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışlarından, manevi gelişim,yaşam kalitesinin önemli bir yordayıcısıdır. Bireylerin yaşam kalitesinin artırılmasıiçin manevi gelişim konularında farkındalık oluşturulmalıdır. Sağlıklı yaşam biçimidavranışlarını geliştirmeye yönelik aktiviteler yapılmalıdır
The Quest for Sustainable Teaching Praxis: Opportunities and Challenges of Multidisciplinary and Multicultural Teamwork
Authors: Doukanari Elli , Ktoridou Despo , Efthymiou Leonidas , Epaminonda Epaminondas
Published: April 2021

This article investigates the prospect of implementing multidisciplinary and multicultural student teamwork (MMT) involving Case-based Learning (CBL) and Problem-based Learning (PBL) as a sustainable teaching practice. Based on a mixed methods approach, which includes direct observation (both physical and virtual), questionnaire distribution and focus-group interviews the study reveals that MMT through CBL and PBL can both facilitate and hinder sustainable learning. Our findings show that while MMT enhances knowledge sharing, it also poses a wide range of challenges, raising questions about its social significance as a sustainable teaching practice. The study suggests the implementation of certain mechanisms, such as ‘Teamwork Training’ and ‘Pedagogical Mentors’, aiming to strengthen the sustainable orientation of MMT through CBL and PBL.
Upstream Open Reading Frames (uORFs) in the Apicomplexan Parasites Plasmodium falciparum and Toxoplasma gondii: Small yet Powerful Regulators of Translation
Authors: Kaur Chhaminder , Patankar Swati
Published: April 2021

During their complex life cycles, the Apicomplexan parasites, Plasmodium falciparum and Toxoplasma gondii employ several genetic switches to regulate their gene expression. One such switch is mediated at the level of translation through upstream Open Reading Frames (uORFs). As uORFs are found in the upstream regions of a majority of genes in both the parasites, it is essential that their roles in translational regulation be appreciated to a greater extent. This review provides a comprehensive summary of studies that show uORF-mediated gene regulation in these parasites and highlights examples of clinically and physiologically relevant proteins that exhibit uORF-mediated regulation. In addition to these examples, several studies that use bioinformatics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and ribosome profiling also indicate the possibility of widespread translational regulation by uORFs. Further analysis of genome-wide datasets will reveal novel genes involved in key biological pathways such as cell-cycle progression, stress-response, and pathogenicity. The cumulative evidence from studies presented in this review suggests that uORFs will play crucial roles in regulating gene expression during clinical disease caused by these important human pathogens.
Direct Quantitation of SARS-CoV-2 Using Droplet Digital PCR in Suspected Samples With Very Low Viral Load
Authors: Deiana Michela , Piubelli Chiara , Mori Antonio , Chiecchi Gian Paolo , La Marca Giulia , Leonardi Martina , Treggiari Davide , Beltrame Anna , Moro Lucia , Bisoffi Zeno , Pomari Elena
Published: April 2021

Background: The reference test for SARS-CoV-2 detection is the reverse transcriptase real time PCR (real time RT-PCR). However, evidences reported that real time RT-PCR has a lower sensitivity compared with the droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) leading to possible false negative in low viral load cases. Methods: We used ddPCR for viral genes N1 and N2 on 20 negative (no detection) samples from symptomatic hospitalized COVID-patients presenting fluctuating real time RT-PCR results and 10 suspected samples (Ct value>35) from asymptomatic not hospitalized subjects. Results: ddPCR performed on RNA revealed 65% of positivity for at least one viral target in the hospitalized patients group of samples (35% for N1 and N2, 10% only for N1 and 20% only for N2) and 50% in the suspected cases (30% for N1 and N2, while 20% only for N2). On hospitalized patients’ samples, we applied also a direct ddPCR approach on the swab material, achieving an overall positivity of 83%. Conclusion: ddPCR, in particular the direct quantitation on swabs, shows a sensitivity advantage for the SARS-CoV-2 identification and may be useful to reduce the false negative diagnosis, especially for low viral load suspected samples.
Causes and Risk Factor of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Adult Asylum Seekers and Refugees
Authors: AlRefaie Abdullah
Published: April 2021

Abstract Objectives To assess the causes and risk factors of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adult asylum seekers and refugees. To explore whether the causes and risk factors of PTSD, between male and female adult refugees/ asylum seekers is different. Study design Systematic review of current literature. Data Sources PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar up until February 2019 Method A structured systematic search was conducted in the relevant databases. Papers were excluded, if they failed to meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Afterwards, a qualitative assessment was performed on the selected papers. Results 12 Studies were included for the final analysis. All papers were either case studies/report or cross sectional studies. The number of traumatic events experienced by refugees/asylum seekers, is the most frequently reported pre-migration causes for PTSD development. Whilst acculturative stress, is the most common post migration stressor. There were mixed reports, regarding the causes of PTSD between both genders of refugees/asylum seekers. Conclusion This reviews’ findings, have potential clinical application into helping clinicians, to risk stratify refugees/asylum seekers for PTSD development and thus aid in embarking on earlier intervention measures. However, more rigorous research similar to this one, is needed for it to be implemented into clinical practice.
Improving Community Resilience and Emergency Plans by Mapping Risk and Preparedness at the Neighborhood Scale
Authors: Finzi Yaron , Ganz Noam , Limon Yoash , Langer Sebastian
Published: April 2021

People living in areas of significant seismic risk seldom undertake sufficient preparations to safeguard their family. This is most problematic in remote communities such as those along the Dead Sea Fault, Israel, where self-reliance is a key factor in coping with disasters. To facilitate individual and familial involvement in earthquake preparedness in remote areas, we designed a tool for self-assessment of risk and preparedness. The personalized risk assessment is based on national hazard and building standards, and on personal input regarding structure characteristics. The risk and preparedness evaluations enhance awareness and provide immediate feedback to help users improve familial preparedness. Spatial analysis of the data collected is used to form high-resolution maps that expose specific challenges for emergency response. A study conducted in the town of Mitzpe Ramon exposed neighborhoods with relatively high risk of damage and low preparedness. Integrating these results with seasonal stress-factors such as peak tourism and extreme weather, provides new and important insights on the ability of the local community and emergency forces to cope with multi-hazard situations. Analysis of the heterogeneous distribution of expected hardship within a community should be implemented world-wide to improve risk mitigation.
Microfluidic and Lab-on-a-Chip Systems for Cutaneous Wound Healing Studies
Authors: Shabestani Monfared Ghazal , Ertl Peter , Rothbauer Mario
Published: April 2021

Cutaneous wound healing is a complex multi-stage process involving direct and indirect cell communication events with the aim of efficiently restoring the barrier function of the skin. One key aspect in cutaneous wound healing is associated with cell movement and migration into the physically, chemically and biologically injured area resulting in wound closure. Understanding the conditions under which cell migration is impaired and elucidating the cellular and molecular mechanisms that improve healing dynamics is therefore crucial in devising novel therapeutic strategies to elevate patient suffering, reduce scaring and eliminate chronic wounds. Following the global trend towards automation, miniaturization and integration of cell-based assays into microphysiological systems, conventional wound healing assays such as the scratch assay or cell exclusion assay have recently been translated and improved using microfluidics and lab-on-a-chip technologies. These miniaturized cell analysis systems allow precise spatial and temporal control over a range of dynamic microenvironmental factors including shear stress, biochemical and oxygen gradients to create more reliable in vitro models that resemble the in vivo microenvironment of a wound more closely on a molecular, cellular, and tissue level. The current review provides (a) an overview on the main molecular and cellular processes that take place during wound healing, (b) a brief introduction into conventional in vitro wound healing assays, and (c) a perspective on future cutaneous and vascular wound healing research using microfluidic technology.
Development of CORPS-STIF 1.0 with application to ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC)
Authors: Howard Isaac , Allard Thomas , Carey Ashley , Priddy Matthew , Knizley Alta , Shannon Jameson
Published: April 2021

This report introduces the first release of CORPS-STIF (Concrete Observations Repository and Predictive Software – Structural and Thermodynamical Integrated Framework). CORPS-STIF is envisioned to be used as a tool to optimize material constituents and geometries of mass concrete placements specifically for ultra-high performance concretes (UHPCs). An observations repository (OR) containing results of 649 mechanical property tests and 10 thermodynamical tests were recorded to be used as inputs for current and future releases. A thermodynamical integrated framework (TIF) was developed where the heat transfer coefficient was a function of temperature and determined at each time step. A structural integrated framework (SIF) modeled strength development in cylinders that underwent isothermal curing. CORPS-STIF represents a step toward understanding and predicting strength gain of UHPC for full-scale structures and specifically in mass concrete.
Rekonstruksi Konsep Hak dan Kewajiban Suami Isteri dalam Perundang-undangan Perkawinan Indonesia
Authors: Hermanto Agus
Published: April 2021

The end of this study concluded that there are similarities and differences between them on the issue of euthanasia, ie they both forward the elements kemashlahatan, that prevent a disease is an obligation that must be done by each individual. While the difference was more depressed on the way to apply euthanasia, namely on how to end the suffering of patients. In Islam known healing of a scientific nature and the divine, whereas in Medical Sciences, simply healing that is' aqliyah alone and also on the basis of elements of an emergency. In principle deliberate murder against those who are sick means precede destiny. God has set the deadline of the age of man. By accelerating death, patients do not benefit from Allah exam given to him, in the form him tawakal.Akhir dari penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa terdapat persamaan dan perbedaan di antara keduanya dalam masalah euthanasia, yakni keduanya sama-sama mengedepankan unsur kemashlahatan, bahwa mencegah suatu penyakit adalah suatu kewajiban yang harus dilakukan oleh setiap individu. Sedangkan sisi perbedaannya lebih tertekan pada cara mengaplikasikan euthanasia tersebut, yakni pada cara mengakhiri penderitaan pasien. Dalam Islam dikenal penyembuhan yang bersifat ilmiah dan ilahiyah, sedangkan dalam Ilmu Kedokteran, hanya penyembuhan yang bersifat 'aqliyah semata dan juga atas dasar unsur darurat. Pada prinsipnya pembunuhan secara sengaja terhadap orang yang sedang sakit berarti mendahului takdir. Allah telah menentukan batas akhir usia manusia. Dengan mempercepat kematiannya, pasien tidak mendapatkan manfaat dari ujian yang diberikan Allah Swt kepadanya, yakni berupa ketawakalan kepada-Nya.