bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Belonging to Glasgow and Clydeside: Retrieving Regional Subjectivities in Wartime
Authors: Chand Alison
Published: May 2017

This chapter examines the extent to which civilian men working in Clydeside during the war possessed distinctive and unique regional subjectivities. The chapter considers issues such as national identity and feelings of solidarity with men working in reserved occupations in other British regions.
The chapter primarily argues, however, that distinctive regional aspects to worker subjectivity in Glasgow and Clydeside are revealed in oral testimonies. Much evidence emerges of local pride in industries around the Clyde. While some of this can be linked to the specific contribution of the region to the British war effort, such pride can also be attributed to feelings of deep knowledge, understanding and awareness of the region as a distinct locality, based on the immediacy and proximity of everyday life in the area to the subjectivities of reserved men. Indeed, the majority of oral testimonies reflect the notion that men in reserved occupations in wartime were often indifferent to the idea of ‘imagined’ British nationality, adhering more to local regional subjectivities. The attitudes of women towards male civilian workers, and consequently the subjectivities of reserved workers themselves, were firmly rooted in the immediacy of the distinctive industrial and working class environment of Clydeside. However, such local subjectivity often had a narrower focus than the city of Glasgow or the entity of Clydeside and was restricted to the places and people best known and most familiar to men. Although different levels of collective, ‘imagined’ subjectivity existed during the Second World War and were highly significant, ‘lived’ and continuous local subjectivity was inevitably most relevant to the individual male civilian worker in wartime.
Sensational Internationalism
Authors: Coghlan J. Michelle
Published: May 2017

In refocusing attention on the Paris Commune as a key event in American political and cultural memory, Sensational Internationalism radically changes our understanding of the relationship between France and the United States in the long nineteenth century. It offers fascinating, remarkably accessible readings of a range of literary works, from periodical poetry and boys’ adventure fiction to radical pulp and the writings of Henry James, as well as a rich analysis of visual, print, and performance culture, from post-bellum illustrated weeklies and panoramas to agit-prop pamphlets and Coney Island pyrotechnic shows. Throughout, it uncovers how a foreign revolution came back to life as a domestic commodity, and why for decades another nation’s memory came to feel so much our own. This book will speak to readers looking to understand the affective, cultural, and aesthetic afterlives of revolt and revolution pre-and-post Occupy Wall Street, as well as those interested in space, gender, performance, and transatlantic print culture.
Framing the Pétroleuse: Postbellum Poetry and the Visual Culture of Gender Panic
Authors: Coghlan J. Michelle
Published: May 2017

Both during the 1871 uprising and in the wake of the Commune’s fall, Americans encountered unsettling images of female Communards marching across the pages of illustrated periodicals. In turn, a variety of American sermons and editorials railed against the revolution and claimed its “overly emancipated” females might pose the most terrifying transatlantic threat of all. My opening chapter, “Framing the Pètroleuse,” recovers the drama of that postbellum gender panic and resituates post-bellum U.S. periodical poetry written in response to it. Reading Sarah M. B. Piatt’s 1872 periodical poem, “The Palace-Burner,” alongside both Harper’s Weekly’s pictorial coverage of the Commune and the subversive sentimentality of other post-bellum poetic returns to the fiery “Women of the Commune,” I argue that Piatt’s reworking of the figure of the Parisian petroleum-thrower relies on and resists the ways the so-called “man-women” of the Commune were pictured in the U.S. press. For in bringing the pétroleuse “into the parlor,” Piatt crucially re-imagines both the fiery Communardes and the specter of domestic firebrands they were so often used to portend.
Becoming Americans in Paris: The Commune as Frontier in Turn-of-the-Century Adventure Fiction
Authors: Coghlan J. Michelle
Published: May 2017

This chapter charts the reconfiguration of the Commune’s domestic threat in American popular fiction in the 1890s. I show how America’s fin-de-siècle preoccupation with the revolution of 1871 consistently reframes Paris as a frontier of empire even as it critically reimagines it as a site where American tourists—or, more specifically, Gilded Age American men—might be said to “find” themselves. Setting Edward King’s 1895 boys’ book, Under the Red Flag, alongside G. A. Henty’s A Woman of the Commune, and two other immensely popular but virtually forgotten historical romances of the period, The Red Republic and An American in Paris, I argue that the 1890s were a particularly apt time to revisit the Commune because of the very real labor unrest plaguing the country, and more importantly because the “romance of the Commune” served to revise American conceptions of revolution at a moment when the U.S. was reimagining its role abroad and reevaluating its attitude towards empire.
Introduction: Differential Narratology
Authors: Askin Ridvan
Published: May 2017

The introduction establishes what Askin calls differential narratology, that is, both a new theory of narrative and its concomitant method of inquiry into (forms of) narrative. Highlighting narratology’s thoroughgoing anthropocentric, epistemological and experiential bias, the introduction shows how these fundamentals of narrative theory, which ultimately can be traced back to Immanuel Kant’s critical philosophy and are acutely on display in today’s paradigm of cognitive narratology, are inadequate for properly capturing narratology’s object of study. In order to mend narratology’s Kantian shortcomings, the introduction proposes an explicitly speculative and metaphysical conception of narrativity. To achieve this end, the introduction turns to Deleuze’s philosophy of difference, which has the triple advantage of formulating 1) a systematic and consistent metaphysics that 2) is contemporary enough and 3) is based on an explicit critique of the Kantian system. Elaborating on this Deleuzian fundament the introduction formulates a concept of narrative as differential, immanent and univocal with actual narratives being constituted by singular sensations—affects and percepts—, the populace of Deleuze’s realm of the virtual. The introduction closes by showcasing the adequacy of its newly established metaphysical concept of narrative in two short readings of contemporary narratives.
Narrating Sensation: Michael Ondaatje’s The Collected Works of Billy the Kid
Authors: Askin Ridvan
Published: May 2017

The second chapter traces in detail how Ondaatje’s text engages in what Askin terms disfiguration—the very process of disfiguring its representational surface both in terms of content and form—in order to unearth its constitutive sensations. Disfiguration makes tangible what otherwise remains intangible, the very constitution and genesis of actual narratives from virtual sensations. In The Collected Works of Billy the Kid disfiguration is most prominently on display in a series of becomings the protagonist undergoes culminating in his metaleptic account of his own death where his brain breaks apart and thus literally kills off representation. It is in staging such acute moments of representational crisis that the narrative reaches the impersonal and nonhuman beyond of personal and human experience. By the same token the beyond of actual narratives is attained: the sensations and forces that make up the death of Billy are those that make up the narrative at hand in so far as it is the narrative that assembles and composes the figure of Billy. It is thus that The Collected Works of Billy the Kid can be said to be a Deleuzian monument of sensation.
Conclusion: From the Becoming of Narrative to the Narrativity of Becoming
Authors: Askin Ridvan
Published: May 2017

The conclusion briefly brings together the results of the previous chapters recapitulating how they all work to reveal becoming as the primary ontological virtual realm of any given actual narrative and that this has only been possible by following the reverse movement of the speculative becoming-virtual of actual narratives as they crack open their representational surface and burrow ever deeper towards their conditioning differentials. In addition, and taking its cue from chapter 4, the conclusion makes clear that the becoming of narrative also entails the narrativity of becoming. While the former has been the focus of the present work, elaborating the latter remains a task for the future. The conclusion ends by briefly delineating—with recourse to the recent speculative turn in continental philosophy—the first tentative steps of such a task thus, in true Deleuzian spirit, ending the book with the detection and formulation of a new problem to be tackled.
Sympathy for the Informer: Iago, Volpone and Other Metadramatic Authors
Authors: Angus Bill
Published: May 2017

This chapter contends that Shakespeare and Jonson reacted to contemporary anxiety over interpretation in differing ways, reading Othello and Volpone to compare metadrama and informing alongside issues of authorship and authority. Jonson deals with this often in structurally metadramatic and directly didactic terms, asserting himself as author in the transactions of authority and the authentic, while Shakespeare most often addresses this at a distance from his authorial self, his metadrama most manifest in the interplay of his characters. Considering these approaches, the chapter maps the emergence of a dramatic figure who is melancholic, machiavellian, and malcontented. He is both parasitic plotter and maker of tragedy, simultaneously taking on features of author and informer, the epitome of metadramatic characterisation. The chapter explores how metadrama not only mirrors the structures of informing but also offers the audience the perspective of this seductive figure as a negative model for their own interpretative practice.
‘Masters both of arts and lies’: Metadrama and the Informer in Poetaster and Sejanus
Authors: Angus Bill
Published: May 2017

This chapter explores Jonson’s metadramatic technique in Sejanus and Poetaster and its staging of the legitimacy of poetic and political authority. The informer lurks in the metadramatic shadows here, as a significant element within both Jonson’s critique of compromised authority in Sejanus, and the implications he makes in Poetaster, about his artistic enemies. In both cases their authority is tainted by the connection, going beyond simply blaming informers for the woes of his society, the most significant aspect of this is the way in which metadrama and the structures of informing fit so integrally together. The chapter also asks what this means for the person of the author. If Poetaster addresses the relationship between poetic legitimacy and political authority within the world of the informer, Sejanus elevates this discourse to the realm of political revolution, in which, for the authorities of the time, Jonson’s desire to monopolise poetic legitimacy in the production of his own dramatic authority seems ambitiously excessive.
‘Three Cranes, Mitre, and Mermaid men’: Metadramatic Self-Deprecation and Authority in Bartholomew Fair
Authors: Angus Bill
Published: May 2017

Bartholomew Fair presents both a satirical allegory of London life in general, and microcosmic parodies of types of authority in particular. Critical consensus has it that troubled authority is especially embodied and mocked in the play’s middle-class characters, and that the play then proceeds to mock this very mockery. This duality has bred dichotomous interpretations. The play is either a ‘dark indictment of human irrationality and moral decay’ or a ‘celebration of the rejuvenating energies of folly and festival disorder’. This chapter offers a middle ground which views the play as a self-conscious offering of its own theatrical folly as both a critique of the decay of moral authority and a self-deprecating admission of complicity in it. Jonson’s assertion of the poet’s duty to critique official corruption is well known, but in this case his satire of general social venality very much includes ‘authority like his own’. If this is Jonson’s friendliest play, it is because of the self-directed cast of its humour and the inclusivity which arises from it. This chapter explores the genial fellowship of metadramatic self-mockery that Bartholomew Fair offers to both commoners and King, which both allows and defuses the play’s critique of authority.
Onstage Overviews: Metadrama and the Information Market
Authors: Angus Bill
Published: May 2017

This chapter argues that Ben Jonson’s The Staple of News presents a dystopic fantasy of control over information-gathering in which the news produced, though authorised by the eponymous Staple’s monopoly, is only as reliable as street gossip. The Staple’s sources are not ‘journalists’ in the modern sense; rather they are common informers, entirely lacking the ambivalence of Shakespeare’s magical agents. In this case, their information is publicly marketable, and thus, the play’s metadrama explores how Jonson negotiates not only the price of information, and artistic legitimacy, but ultimately authority itself. With its concealed observers, its predatory imagery, and the augmentative nature of its gathered information, this play describes the familiar conditions of both early modern informing practice and contemporary dramatic authorship, and, as ever, the deficiency of an audience’s interpretation is of prevailing concern. The chapter also suggests that Jonson’s metadrama functions as a tool of self-fashioning which only works in a market where the price of information, artistic freedom, and the legitimacy of authority, are negotiable.
Lyric, Aestheticism and the Later Nineteenth Century
Authors: Thain Marion
Published: May 2017

Chapter 1 offers important historical and conceptual contexts for the late nineteenth century. The chapter suggests that ‘aestheticist lyric poetry’ might be usefully conceptualised ‘through the twin impetuses of conceptual expansion and formal reduction’. It then goes on to outline the context of ‘cultural modernity’, to which it is suggested aestheticist lyric poetry is responding, in order to define further the ‘crisis’ in lyric. It also introduces the three conceptual frames that set the remit for the three parts of the book; these are three key axes around which lyric poetry operates: time, space and subjectivity. Chapter 1 ends with a preliminary case study from the work of ‘Michael Field’ (the assumed name of Katharine Bradley and Edith Cooper) to demonstrate in practice the relevance of the three frames to aestheticist poetry.
Introduction: The Painted Stage – Beckett’s Visual Aesthetics
Authors: Lloyd David
Published: May 2017

The introduction reviews Beckett’s life-long engagement with the visual arts and artists and explores previous critical work that has tended to take his statements on art largely as statements about literary aesthetics. It argues for the need to attend to the actual works which Beckett saw and to understand his theatre as a form of visual and not primarily textual art. The introduction also summarizes the overall theoretical argument of the book that focuses on Beckett’s thinking of the “thing” as a post-representational category.
Regime Change in Contemporary Turkey
Authors: Polat Necati
Published: May 2017

This book explores the transformation of Turkey’s political regime from 2002 under the AKP rule. Turkey has been through a series of major political shifts historically, roughly from the mid-19th century. The book details the most recent change, locating it in its broader historical setting. Beginning with the AKP rule from late 2002, supported by a wide informal coalition that included liberals, it describes how the ‘former’ Islamists gradually acquired full power between 2007 and 2011. It then chronicles the subsequent phase, looking at politics and rights under the amorphous new order. This highly accessible assessment of the change in question places it in the larger context of political modernisation in the country over the past 150 or so years, covering all of the main issues in contemporary Turkish politics: the religious and secular divide, the Kurds, the military, foreign policy orientation, the state of human rights, the effective concentration of powers in the government and a rule by policy, rather than law, initiated by Erdogan’s increasingly authoritarian populism. The discussion at once situates Turkey in the broader milieu of the Arab Spring, especially in terms of Islamist politics and Muslim piety in the public sphere, with some emphasis on ‘Islamo-nationalism’ (Millî Görüş) as a local Islamist variety. Effortlessly blending history, politics, law, social theory and philosophy in making sense of the change, the book uses the concept of mimesis to show that continuity is a key element in Turkish politics, despite the series of radical breaks that have occurred.
Context
Authors: Polat Necati
Published: May 2017

The overall domestic context following the full defeat of the old regime in Turkey, and the main contours of the Islamist (‘Islamo-nationalist’, Millî Görüş) populism now in full swing, are described in this chapter. The discussion looks into the mood in the pro-government circles, with some emphasis on the Islamist speculations on democracy—terrifying to the secular masses—and the effective rule by policy, rather than law, enabled by the growing cult of Erdogan. This chapter also describes the spectacular fall out between the government and the former allies, who strongly shared in the power through the new bureaucracy, the Gulen cult. One centrifugal factor detected in portraying the setting is the formal commitment to the human rights protection system in Europe, which, paradoxically, acquired greater intensity during the regime change in a desperate attempt on the part of the government to by-pass the former centres of power.
Media Engineering
Authors: Polat Necati
Published: May 2017

The state of Turkey’s national media under the new regime, curbed in independence far in excess of typical media capture, having allegedly been ‘re-engineered’, with whole media outlets taken over by the government through moot uses of public authority and public resources from 2007, is narrated in this chapter. The chapter describes the hitherto unseen government pressure on the media, with scores of dissident journalists rendered jobless, and those more openly critical incarcerated and put on trial on flimsy charges. The discussion includes a description of some of the pro-government media practices—unprecedented, astounding, and simply incomprehensible by even the lowest standards of media ethics, such as a fabricated interview with Chomsky printed in headline in the pro-government flagship daily in 2013, purportedly communicating Chomsky’s support to Erdogan’s conspiratorial vision of international politics. The discussion also looks into the increasing government control of the Internet access and social media.
Anything Goes?
Authors: Polat Necati
Published: May 2017

This chapter is on a set of dubious government practices following the regime change, as reflected in the OSCE reports on Turkey elections, in securing success at the ballot box, including the way in which the ruling AKP allegedly financed politics. The discussion details the unfair poll environment, which left the opposition practically crippled, and the state of the basic rights crucial for the ballot box to make full sense. The chapter also provides an account of the corruption claims from December 2013—chiefly bid-rigging and money laundering that allegedly involved Erdogan and his family, beside cabinet members—filed originally by Gulenist prosecutors relying mostly on wiretapped conversations, to be posted anonymously online from early 2014. The chapter ends with a section on the role of the military in the aftermath of the old regime, with an assessment of its possibly resilient reflexes, prior to the abortive coup of 2016.
Peace at Home
Authors: Polat Necati
Published: May 2017

This chapter reviews the government policies in Turkey in a host of long outstanding issue areas, mostly predating the AKP rule, such as the tension between piety and secularism, especially in exercises of free speech, with a freshly acquired zeal on the part of the judiciary towards ‘protecting religious values’, in effect cases of deemed ‘blasphemy’ against Islam; the basic Alevi rights towards a full recognition, which fell on deaf ears as before; gross impunity of the security forces in tackling the Kurdish insurgence, as in the Roboskî massacre of 2011; and the domestic debate on the ghastly fate of the Ottoman Armenians, traced here through the baffling mysteries of the Dink assassination in 2007. The chapter also comments on the purported government complicity in the jihadist bloodbath in the greater region following the Arab Spring and on the attendant allegations of its ‘international crimes’, especially in Syria.
Everyday Atrocities
Authors: Polat Necati
Published: May 2017

The chapter is on some routine issues in Turkey, mostly ignored, if not necessarily exacerbated, by the exceptionally strong AKP administration, with an unusually lengthy mandate. The discussion presents a catalogue of some of the most pressing causes for concern in that regard, detailing, where available, the government initiatives and actions in respective areas: femicide, violence against LGBTI individuals, especially transgender women, hate crimes, the ordeal of sex workers, prisoners denied a right to release on health grounds, the astonishing toll of workplace mortality, and the defacing of urban space in gargantuan proportions through a construction craze in the wake of the old regime. Endeavouring to make sense of the highly disputed function of urban construction works for the government, the chapter also includes an evaluation of the state of the economy, which appeared to have failed to modify the economy structurally, relying merely on various palliative and crisis-ridden schemes.
Conclusion
Authors: Polat Necati
Published: May 2017

This chapter muses generally on the regime change in Turkey, its potentialities as well as perils, giving thought in the light of the discussion in the foregoing chapters to a genuine and lasting idea of change against the ostensibly uninterrupted flow of ‘desire’, which, in the sense used by Girard, may have ‘mimetically’ kept rendering the actors in Turkey’s political culture into mere ‘clones’ of each other, despite the apparent cleavages between them on the surface. The chapter also revisits Turkey’s Middle East policy under Davutoğlu, the crisis with the downing of a Russian jet in 2015, the Kurdish policy in the aftermath of the failed ‘settlement process’, the jihadist carnage in the greater region and the response of the local Islamists, and the likelihood of a more dramatic change in the regime under Erdogan that would do away with secularism altogether, as increasingly feared by the republican opposition.
Short Story
Authors: Morris Paula
Published: May 2017

At first people thought Uncle Jack had been killed in a hit-and-run, mowed down crossing the road near the May Road dairy. That was what Lorenzo heard in the first delirious phone calls from his mother: Uncle Jack had been mown down, and it was a brutal, heartless and sadistic act, no doubt perpetrated by someone twenty-one and Chinese in a brand new car with a learner’s licence and no insurance....
Patriarchal Pink: Gender Signification in Katherine Mansfield’s ‘The Little Governess’
Authors: Fetters Bronwen
Published: May 2017

Katherine Mansfield’s 1915 short story ‘The Little Governess’ mentions pink – in varying settings of safety, sexuality, and subversion. In this story and her correspondence, Mansfield uses the color pink, a sign prescribed to the world of the twentieth-century female, to challenge these very same societal expectations she employs. By writing in a characteristically female way that still highlights the patriarchal reality, Mansfield both subverts and lives within the gendered norms of her time.
Apples and Pears: Symbolism and Influence in Daphne du Maurier’s ‘The Apple Tree’ and Katherine Mansfield’s ‘Bliss’
Authors: Pracha Setara
Published: May 2017

This essay offers a parallel reading of two stories, ‘Bliss’ by Katherine Mansfield and ‘The Apple Tree’ by Daphne du Maurier, revealing a hitherto unexamined yet fruitful area of research. Dramatic irony, organic unity and liminal spaces are identified and discussed in terms of how these are used to represent subconscious and conscious perceptions of reality. The plots incorporate symbols from well-known myths to suggest extreme mental states in narratives that invite the reader to occupy psychological spaces of delusion and fantasy. Material from previously unpublished letters reveals the extent to which Mansfield influenced du Maurier’s writing and this close analysis demonstrates how examining these writers in tandem provides a valuable mean of accessing their work in a new way. Du Maurier’s critical reputation is current undergoing a process of revision which echoes the way in which Mansfield has come to be increasingly regarded as one of the ‘high priestesses’ of modernism.
Ontological Co-belonging in Peter Sloterdijk's Spherological Philosophy of Mediation
Authors: Sutherland Thomas
Published: May 2017

This article examines the ontology and politics of Peter Sloterdijk's Spheres trilogy, focusing in particular upon the notion of microspherical enclosure explicated in the first volume of this series. Noting Sloterdijk's unusual alignment of his philosophy with media theory, three main contentions are put forward. Firstly, that Sloterdijk's reconfiguration of Heidegger's fundamental ontology represents a largely unacknowledged renunciation of the primacy of Being-towards-death in the authentic existence of Dasein, foregrounding instead an originary co-belonging between mother and child. Secondly, that Sloterdijk borrows from media theory a concern regarding the facticity of all communication, grounding philosophical discourse in the determinate locality of its origin, but does so while exalting a pre-natal communicative immediacy that would seem to disparage the everydayness of Dasein. Finally, that Sloterdijk's oft-justified scepticism regarding globalization often retreats into an anti-cosmopolitanism that, in its nostalgia for the comfort, security and immediacy of the matrixial co-belonging (and the various attempts by humans to replicate this enclosure), evinces a covert but potentially noxious politics of exclusion.
Automating multistep flow synthesis: approach and challenges in integrating chemistry, machines and logic
Authors: Shukla Chinmay A , Kulkarni Amol A
Published: May 2017

The implementation of automation in the multistep flow synthesis is essential for transforming laboratory-scale chemistry into a reliable industrial process. In this review, we briefly introduce the role of automation based on its application in synthesis viz. auto sampling and inline monitoring, optimization and process control. Subsequently, we have critically reviewed a few multistep flow synthesis and suggested a possible control strategy to be implemented so that it helps to reliably transfer the laboratory-scale synthesis strategy to a pilot scale at its optimum conditions. Due to the vast literature in multistep synthesis, we have classified the literature and have identified the case studies based on few criteria viz. type of reaction, heating methods, processes involving in-line separation units, telescopic synthesis, processes involving in-line quenching and process with the smallest time scale of operation. This classification will cover the broader range in the multistep synthesis literature.
NUMERICAL METHOD FOR ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE PROPAGATION PROBLEM IN A CYLINDRICAL INHOMOGENEOUS METAL DIELECTRIC WAVEGUIDING STRUCTURES
Authors: Smolkin Eugene
Published: May 2017

The propagation of monochromatic electromagnetic waves in metal circular cylindrical dielectric waveguides filled with inhomogeneous medium is considered. The physical problem is reduced to solving a transmission eigenvalue problem for a system of ordinary differential equations. Spectral parameters of the problem are propagation constants of the waveguide. Numerical results are found with a projection method. The comparison with known exact solutions (for particular values of parameters) is made.
COMPLEXITY ESTIMATES FOR SEVERELY ILL-POSED PROBLEMS UNDER A POSTERIORI SELECTION OF REGULARIZATION PARAMETER
Authors: Solodky Sergii G. , Myleiko Ganna L. , Semenova Evgeniya V.
Published: May 2017

In the article the authors developed two efficient algorithms for solving severely ill-posed problems such as Fredholm’s integral equations. The standard Tikhonov method is applied as a regularization. To select a regularization parameter we employ two different a posteriori rules, namely, discrepancy and balancing principles. It is established that proposed strategies not only achieved optimal order of accuracy on the class of problems under consideration, but also they are economical in the sense of used discrete information.
TWO-SCALE ESTIMATES FOR SPECIAL FINITE DISCRETE OPERATORS
Authors: Vasilyev Alexander V. , Vasilyev Vladimir B.
Published: May 2017

We consider a certain finite discrete approximation for multidimensional Calderon–Zygmund integral operator and give a comparison between solutions of corresponding equations in some spaces of discrete functions.
A BACKWARD IDENTIFICATION PROBLEM FOR AN AXIS-SYMMETRIC FRACTIONAL DIFFUSION EQUATION
Authors: Xiong Xiangtuan , Ma Xiaojun
Published: May 2017

We consider a backward ill-posed problem for an axis-symmetric fractional diffusion equation which is described in polar coordinates. A closed form solution of the inverse problem is obtained. However, this solution blows up. For numerical stability, a general regularization principle is presented for constructing regularization methods. Several numerical examples are conducted for showing the validity and effectiveness of the proposed methods.
AN OPTIMAL FAMILY OF EIGHTH-ORDER ITERATIVE METHODS WITH AN INVERSE INTERPOLATORY RATIONAL FUNCTION ERROR CORRECTOR FOR NONLINEAR EQUATIONS
Authors: Kim Young I. , Behl Ramandeep , Motsa Sandile S.
Published: May 2017

The main motivation of this study is to propose an optimal scheme with an inverse interpolatory rational function error corrector in a general way that can be applied to any existing optimal multi-point fourth-order iterative scheme whose first sub step employs Newton’s method to further produce optimal eighth-order iterative schemes. In addition, we also discussed the theoretical and computational properties of our scheme. Variety of concrete numerical experiments and basins of attraction are extensively treated to confirm the theoretical development.
Gaia Assorted Mass Binaries Long Excluded from SLoWPoKES (GAMBLES): Identifying Ultra-wide Binary Pairs with Components of Diverse Mass
Authors: Oelkers Ryan J. , Stassun Keivan G. , Dhital Saurav
Published: May 2017

The formation and evolution of binary star systems are some of the remaining key questions in modern astronomy. Wide binary pairs (separations >103 au) are particularly intriguing because their low binding energies make it difficult for the stars to stay gravitationally bound over extended timescales, and thus to probe the dynamics of binary formation and dissolution. Our previous SLoWPoKES catalogs, I and II, provided the largest and most complete sample of wide-binary pairs of low masses. Here we present an extension of these catalogs to a broad range of stellar masses: the Gaia Assorted Mass Binaries Long Excluded from SloWPoKES (GAMBLES), comprising 8660 statistically significant wide pairs that we make available in a living online database. Within this catalog we identify a subset of 543 long-lived (dissipation timescale >1.5 Gyr) candidate binary pairs, of assorted mass, with typical separations between 103 and 105.5 au (0.002–1.5 pc), using the published distances and proper motions from the Tycho-Gaia Astrometric Solution and Sloan Digital Sky Survey photometry. Each pair has at most a false positive probability of 0.05; the total expectation is 2.44 false binaries in our sample. Among these, we find 22 systems with 3 components, 1 system with 4 components, and 15 pairs consisting of at least 1 possible red giant. We find the largest long-lived binary separation to be nearly 3.2 pc; even so, >76% of GAMBLES long-lived binaries have large binding energies and dissipation lifetimes longer than 1.5 Gyr. Finally, we find that the distribution of binary separations is clearly bimodal, corroborating the findings from SloWPoKES and suggesting multiple pathways for the formation and dissipation of the widest binaries in the Galaxy.
A Multi-planet System Transiting the V = 9 Rapidly Rotating F-Star HD 106315
Authors: Rodriguez Joseph E. , Zhou George , Vanderburg Andrew , Eastman Jason D. , Kreidberg Laura , Cargile Phillip A. , Bieryla Allyson , Latham David W. , Irwin Jonathan , Mayo Andrew W. , Calkins Michael L. , Esquerdo Gilbert A. , Mink Jessica
Published: May 2017

We report the discovery of a multi-planet system orbiting HD 106315, a rapidly rotating mid F-type star, using data from the K2 mission. HD 106315 hosts a 2.51 ± 0.12 R
⊕ sub-Neptune in a 9.5-day orbit and a

super-Neptune in a 21-day orbit. The projected rotational velocity of HD 106315 (12.9 km s−1) likely precludes precise measurements of the planets’ masses but could enable a measurement of the sky-projected spin–orbit obliquity for the outer planet via Doppler tomography. The eccentricities of both planets were constrained to be consistent with 0, following a global modeling of the system that includes a Gaia distance and dynamical arguments. The HD 106315 system is one of few multi-planet systems hosting a Neptune-sized planet for which orbital obliquity measurements are possible, making it an excellent test-case for formation mechanisms of warm-Neptunian systems. The brightness of the host star also makes HD 106315 c a candidate for future transmission spectroscopic follow-up studies.
An Expanded Chemo-dynamical Sample of Red Giants in the Bar of the Large Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Song 宋 Ying-Yi 盈亿 , Mateo Mario , Walker Matthew G. , Roederer Ian U.
Published: May 2017

We report new spectroscopic observations obtained with the Michigan/Magellan Fiber System of 308 red giants (RGs) located in two fields near the photometric center of the bar of the Large Magellanic Cloud. This sample consists of 131 stars observed in previous studies (in one field) and 177 newly observed stars (in the second field) selected specifically to more reliably establish the metallicity and age distributions of the bar. For each star, we measure its heliocentric line-of-sight velocity, surface gravity, and metallicity from its high-resolution spectrum (effective temperatures come from photometric colors). The spectroscopic Hertzsprung–Russell diagrams—modulo small offsets in surface gravities—reveal good agreement with model isochrones. The mean metallicity of the 177-RG sample is [Fe/H] = −0.76 ± 0.02 with a metallicity dispersion σ = 0.28 ± 0.03. The corresponding metallicity distribution—corrected for selection effects—is well fitted by two Gaussian components: one metal-rich with a mean −0.66 ± 0.02 and a standard deviation 0.17 ± 0.01, and the other metal-poor with −1.20 ± 0.24 and 0.41 ± 0.06. The metal-rich and metal-poor populations contain approximately 85% and 15% of stars, respectively. We also confirm that the velocity dispersion in the bar center decreases significantly from 31.2 ± 4.3 to 18.7 ± 1.9 km s−1 with increasing metallicity over the range −2.09 to −0.38. Individual stellar masses are estimated using the spectroscopic surface gravities and the known luminosities. We find that lower mass, hence older, RGs have larger metallicity dispersion and lower mean metallicity than the higher-mass, younger RGs. The estimated masses, however, extend to implausibly low values (

), making it impossible to obtain an absolute age–metallicity or age distribution of the bar.
Indication of the Hanle Effect by Comparing the Scattering Polarization Observed by CLASP in the Lyα and Si iii 120.65 nm Lines
Authors: Ishikawa R. , Bueno J. Trujillo , Uitenbroek H. , Kubo M. , Tsuneta S. , Goto M. , Kano R. , Narukage N. , Bando T. , Katsukawa Y. , Ishikawa S. , Giono G. , Suematsu Y. , Hara H. , Shimizu T. , Sakao T. , Winebarger A. , Kobayashi K. , Cirtain J. , Champey P. , Auchère F. , Štěpán J. , Belluzzi L. , Ramos A. Asensio , Sainz R. Manso , De Pontieu B. , Ichimoto K. , Carlsson M. , Casini R.
Published: May 2017

The Chromospheric Lyman-Alpha Spectro-Polarimeter is a sounding rocket experiment that has provided the first successful measurement of the linear polarization produced by scattering processes in the hydrogen Lyα line (121.57 nm) radiation of the solar disk. In this paper, we report that the Si iii line at 120.65 nm also shows scattering polarization and we compare the scattering polarization signals observed in the Lyα and Si iii lines in order to search for observational signatures of the Hanle effect. We focus on four selected bright structures and investigate how the U/I spatial variations vary between the Lyα wing, the Lyα core, and the Si iii line as a function of the total unsigned photospheric magnetic flux estimated from Solar Dynamics Observatory/Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager observations. In an internetwork region, the Lyα core shows an antisymmetric spatial variation across the selected bright structure, but it does not show it in other more magnetized regions. In the Si iii line, the spatial variation of U/I deviates from the above-mentioned antisymmetric shape as the total unsigned photospheric magnetic flux increases. A plausible explanation of this difference is the operation of the Hanle effect. We argue that diagnostic techniques based on the scattering polarization observed simultaneously in two spectral lines with very different sensitivities to the Hanle effect, like Lyα and Si iii, are of great potential interest for exploring the magnetism of the upper solar chromosphere and transition region.
Blob Formation and Ejection in Coronal Jets due to the Plasmoid and Kelvin–Helmholtz Instabilities
Authors: Ni Lei , Zhang Qing-Min , Murphy Nicholas A. , Lin Jun
Published: May 2017

We perform 2D resistive magnetohydrodynamic simulations of coronal jets driven by flux emergence along the lower boundary. The reconnection layers are susceptible to the formation of blobs that are ejected in the jet. Our simulation with low plasma β (Case I) shows that magnetic islands form easily and propagate upward in the jet. These islands are multithermal and thus are predicted to show up in hot channels (335 Å and 211 Å) and the cool channel (304 Å) in observations by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on the Solar Dynamics Observatory. The islands have maximum temperatures of 8 MK, lifetimes of 120 s, diameters of 6 Mm, and velocities of 200 km s−1. These parameters are similar to the properties of blobs observed in extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) jets by AIA. The Kelvin–Helmholtz instability develops in our simulation with moderately high plasma β (Case II) and leads to the formation of bright vortex-like blobs above the multiple high magnetosonic Mach number regions that appear along the jet. These vortex-like blobs can also be identified in the AIA channels. However, they eventually move downward and disappear after the high magnetosonic Mach number regions disappear. In the lower plasma β case, the lifetime for the jet is shorter, the jet and magnetic islands are formed with higher velocities and temperatures, the current-sheet fragments are more chaotic, and more magnetic islands are generated. Our results show that the plasmoid instability and Kelvin–Helmholtz instability along the jet are both possible causes of the formation of blobs observed at EUV wavelengths.
Global MHD Simulations of Accretion Disks in Cataclysmic Variables (CVs). II. The Relative Importance of MRI and Spiral Shocks
Authors: Ju Wenhua , Stone James M. , Zhu Zhaohuan
Published: May 2017

We perform global three-dimensional MHD simulations of unstratified accretion disks in cataclysmic variables (CVs). By including mass inflow via an accretion stream, we are able to evolve the disk to a steady state. We investigate the relative importance of spiral shocks and the magnetorotational instability (MRI) in driving angular momentum transport and how each depend on the geometry and strength of the seed magnetic field and the Mach number of the disk (where Mach number is the ratio of the azimuthal velocity and the sound speed of gas). We use a locally isothermal equation of state and adopt temperature profiles that are consistent with CV disk observations. Our results indicate that the relative importance of spiral shocks and MRI in driving angular momentum transport is controlled by the gas Mach number and the seed magnetic field strength. MRI and spiral shocks provide comparable efficiency of angular momentum transport when the disk Mach number is around 10 and the seed magnetic field has plasma

(where β is the ratio of gas pressure and magnetic pressure). The MRI dominates whenever the seed field strength, or the disk Mach number, is increased. Among all of our simulations, the effective viscosity parameter

after MRI saturates and the disk reaches steady state. Larger values of

are favored when the seed magnetic field has vertical components or the flow has stronger magnetization (

). Our models all indicate that the role of MRI in driving angular momentum transport thus mass accretion in CV disks is indispensable, especially in cool disks with weak spiral shocks.
Further Constraints on Variations in the Initial Mass Function from Low-mass X-ray Binary Populations
Authors: Peacock Mark B. , Zepf Stephen E. , Kundu Arunav , Maccarone Thomas J. , Lehmer Bret D. , Maraston Claudia , Gonzalez Anthony H. , Eufrasio Rafael T. , Coulter David A.
Published: May 2017

We present constraints on variations in the initial mass function (IMF) of nine local early-type galaxies based on their low-mass X-ray binary (LMXB) populations. Comprised of accreting black holes and neutron stars, these LMXBs can be used to constrain the important high-mass end of the IMF. We consider LMXB populations beyond the cores of the galaxies (>0.2R
e; covering 75%–90% of their stellar light) and find no evidence for systematic variations of the IMF with velocity dispersion (σ). We reject IMFs which become increasingly bottom-heavy with σ, up to steep power laws (exponent, α > 2.8) in massive galaxies (σ > 300

), for galactocentric radii >1/4 R
e. Previously proposed IMFs that become increasingly bottom-heavy with σ are consistent with these data if only the number of low-mass stars (<0.5 M
⊙) varies. We note that our results are consistent with some recent work which proposes that extreme IMFs are only present in the central regions of these galaxies. We also consider IMFs that become increasingly top-heavy with σ, resulting in significantly more LMXBs. Such a model is consistent with these observations, but additional data are required to significantly distinguish between this and an invariant IMF. For six of these galaxies, we directly compare with published “IMF mismatch” parameters from the Atlas3D survey, α
dyn. We find good agreement with the LMXB population if galaxies with higher α
dyn have more top-heavy IMFs—although we caution that our sample is quite small. Future LMXB observations can provide further insights into the origin of α
dyn variations.
The Core of Logics
Authors: Horne Jeremy
Published: May 2017

Like mathematics so often logic is taught to introductory students in a very mechanical way, the emphasis being on memorization and working problems. Particularly egregious is that the logic taught in philosophy departments is devoid of philosophy. Students rarely encounter the deep philosophy underpinning the structures. Logic is the theory of innate order in the universe and is the language of that order. More explicitly the foundation of that order is binary, based on the most fundamental law of all: dialectics. Something is apprehended because of what it is not. This chapter summarizes the development of thinking underpinning this idea of the innate binary structure. It is an ordered binary space starting in one dimension and progressing through three, and beyond. The philosophical basis of single, two (Table of Functional Completeness), and three (three-dimensional hypercube) dimension space provides coherency to ideas like deduction, induction, and inference, in general. The ordering in these spaces is founded on the same thinking giving rise to numbers and arithmetic. An exposition of how binary logical space develops sets the stage for discussing foundational ideas like the relationship between arithmetic (and its follow-on, mathematics) and logic, pattern recognition, and even whether we may be a simulation, a conjector made by Nick Bostrom. Research directions are proposed such as questioning the nature of axioms, exploring the insufficiency of Peano's postulates, proof theory, and ordering of operators based on intellectual complexity.
Logic and Proof in Computer Science
Authors: Coffey John W.
Published: May 2017

Computer software pervades our lives today. Nevertheless, software is one of the few products for which producers generally provide no express or implied warranties, a truly striking fact since peoples' lives depend in such fundamental ways on these products. This article addresses why such an unintuitive (and undesirable) situation might exist. It will catalog a range of computer science proof techniques and their historical antecedents, the purposes they serve, and several foundational concerns that elude proof techniques of any kind. Along the way, the concept of intractability and its role in computing will be explored as it pertains to algorithmic complexity and to proofs of the meanings of computer programs.
Modified Sub-Population Based Heat Transfer Search Algorithm for Structural Optimization
Authors: Tejani Ghanshyam , Savsani Vimal , Patel Vivek
Published: May 2017

In this study, a modified heat transfer search (MHTS) algorithm is proposed by incorporating sub-population based simultaneous heat transfer modes viz. conduction, convection, and radiation in the basic HTS algorithm. However, the basic HTS algorithm considers only one of the modes of heat transfer for each generation. The multiple natural frequency constraints in truss optimization problems can improve the dynamic behavior of the structure and prevent undesirable vibrations. However, shape and size variables subjected to frequency constraints are difficult to handle due to the complexity of its feasible region, which is non-linear, non-convex, implicit, and often converging to the local optimal solution. The viability and effectiveness of the HTS and MHTS algorithms are investigated by six standard trusses problems. The solutions illustrate that the MHTS algorithm performs better than the HTS algorithm.