bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teori Kepribadian Jung Dalam Perkembangan Kepribadian Berdasarkan Perspektif Multibudaya
Authors: Saraswati Aulia Rizkika , Ramadhan Rita Munifah , Rahman Muhammad Rizal Aulia , Bakhrudin All Habsy
Published: July 2024

Carl Jung's theory of personality is the existence of a totality of personality called the psyche, which consists of a number of different but interconnected systems that greatly determine a variety of human behavior, thoughts, feelings and activities. This theory contains the unconscious, conscious and archetypes which are very useful for counseling techniques about behavior determined by cultural, biological or instinctive motivations. This research aims to understand the theory of personality in development expressed by Carl Jung and can help explain psychoanalytic counseling from a multicultural perspective. The method used is a qualitative method with a literature study accompanied by provision of journal sources made no more than the last 10 years. The final result of this research is to discuss theories and types of development according to Carl Jung, the structure of personality development, and Jung’s personality theory from a multicultural perspective.
The role of toll-like receptor 4 in the pathogenesis of periapical lesions in experimental models: a scoping review
Authors: Lima Ricardo Barbosa , Da Silva Andressa , Silva Clara Marina Pereira Cavalcanti , Nelson-Filho Paulo , Da Silva Léa Assed Bezerra , Da Silva Raquel Assed Bezerra
Published: July 2024

Objective: To describe the state of the art on the role of the toll-like receptor 4 in the pathogenesis of periapical lesions in experimental models. Methods: A systematic search procedure was carried out to reach the available literature on the subject in databases and specialized scientific journals: MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Google Scholar, International Endodontic Journal, Journal of Endodontics and Australian Endodontic Journal. Results: Four studies were included in the scope of the review. From an operational point of view, all studies induced the formation of periapical lesions by contamination of root canals. The experimental models were rats and mice, including animals that were wild-type or that had mutation or knockout in Tlr4 gene. In general terms, TLR4 signaling was associated with inflammation and resorption of periapical tissue in wild-type mice and rats. The expression of this receptor tends to increase along the pathogenesis of periapical lesions. In TLR4-deficient mice, controversial outcomes have been observed. In a lipopolysaccharide hyporesponsive model due to Tlr4 mutation, there is evidence of reduced periapical bone resorption. However, one study did not observe these differences. Current studies have significant limitations to consolidate these outcomes, including the number of animals in the experiments, statistical analyzes and experimental periods used. Conclusion: It is possible to conclude that TLR4 may act significantly in the genesis and development of periapical lesions in experimental models.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF COLOUR STABILITY IN LABORATORY PROVISIONAL CROWN AND BRIDGE MATERIALS EXPOSED TO VARYING CONCENTRATIONS OF CHLORHEXIDINE GLUCONATE MOUTH RINSE AT DIFFERENT TIME INTERVALS: AN IN VITRO STUDY.
Authors: Raju Anju Susan , Kurian Byju Paul , Devassy Jinsa P , George Jimmy
Published: July 2024

Rehabilitations in xed prosthodontics may require an extended period of provisionalization when additional therapy is required before
completion of the treatment. Interim restorations in esthetically critical areas, should be able to maintain its esthetic appearance over the term of
usage besides the initial shade match. This study evaluated the colour stability of laboratory provisional materials namely Cold/Self Cure Acrylic,
Heat Cure Acrylic, CAD/CAM fabricated PMMA exposed to 0.2% and 0.12% Chlorhexidine gluconate staining solutions at different time periods
using a Reectance Spectrophotometer. Baseline colour measurement of all the materials were made. Fifteen samples each of SELF CURE
PMMA, HEAT CURE PMMA, CAD/CAM PMMA were immersed in 0.2% and 0.12% CHX staining solutions respectively. After every 24 hours
new mouth rinse solution was prepared and the specimens were taken out from previous solution and reimmersed in the new solution. Color
variation of each groups were measured at the end of 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 6weeks. The result of the present study showed that there is signicant
difference in the colour of laboratory provisional materials in Chlorhexidine gluconate mouth rinse. Cold cure PMMA showed maximum colour
variation from baseline colour measurement at the end of 6th week whereas Heat cure PMMA and CAD CAM PMMA showed better color stability.
KNOWLEDGE AWARENESS AND PRACTICE TOWARDS HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS VACCINATION AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS AT VIMS, BALLARI
Authors: Kumar C M Veerendra , Mallesh Vinaya
Published: July 2024

Objectives: To assess the knowledge among medical students about HPV virus infection, HPV vaccination, the awareness about availability and
attitude towards getting vaccinated and the vaccination status of the students. Method: Aprospective observational study to assess the knowledge,
awareness and attitude and practice towards regarding HPV vaccination among medical students was conducted in Department of OBG, VIMS,
Ballari from August 2023 to December 2023. Result: Atotal of 250 medical students participated in the study. The ages ranged from 19-22 years,
most of them were 20(38.7%) and 21 (36.7%) years old. Among them, 3rd year MBBS student accounted 123 (49.2%) and 127(50.8%) for and nal
year MBBS students. In them, 46.7% were males and 53.3% were females. In this study we found that nal year students had better aware of
Human Papilloma Virus than was found to be statistically signicant with p-value <0.001, in comparison to 3rd year students. Regarding attitude
towards vaccination 72% of participants in our study were willing to take HPVvaccine.
IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON MENTAL HEALTH: AN OVERVIEW
Authors: Sonowal Tonushyam , Deori Chinmoyee
Published: July 2024

Apandemic, according to the World Health Organization, is a widespread epidemic that affects a large number of people, spans across international
boundaries, and occurs globally. Common initial symptoms of COVID-19 include fever, cough, fatigue, anorexia, and shortness of breath.
However, the signs and symptoms can vary widely and affect different organ systems. Recent literature is starting to uncover the inuence of
COVID-19 on the nervous system and its neuropsychiatric consequences. The ndings indicated a signicantly higher rate of psychiatric disorders
among patients recovering from COVID-19. Within 90 days post-diagnosis, there was a 5.8% probability of being newly diagnosed with a
psychiatric illness. Anxiety disorders, particularly adjustment disorder, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD),
and panic disorder, were the most frequently acquired diagnoses, with a 4.7% probability. Certainly, it is still debated whether psychosis is caused
by COVID-19 or is a consequence of the drugs used for COVID-19 treatment (corticosteroids, antibiotics), internist conditions (hypoxemia,
hydroelectrolyte imbalance), or related to stress due to long hospitalization or isolation. The ndings of this review, while still debatable, show that
COVID-19 stimulates psychotic symptoms in three main ways: direct action of the virus, deregulation of the cytokine network, and stressors and
uncertainty related to prognosis disease. However, gaps still exist in this area and should be a place for further research. Nonetheless, this review
suggests that future research should rigorously investigate the incidence of psychiatric symptoms in individuals with coronavirus infections, and a
prospective cohort of SARS-CoV-2 patients should be formed.
EFFECT OF ACCELERATED ORTHODONTIC TOOTH MOVEMENT METHODS ON CLEAR ALIGNER TREATMENT- A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Ali A Mohammed Niaz , Bhad (Patil) Wasundhara A. , Chavan Santosh
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Clear aligner therapy has emerged as an alternative for xed orthodontic appliance due to its aesthetically pleasing appearance and
ability to cause less discomfort to patients. Increased duration of orthodontic treatment is one of the key problems and this issue can be addressed by
accelerating the tooth movement. This review seeks to investigate the effect of various accelerated orthodontic tooth movement methods on clear
aligner therapy. A systematic literature search was conducted using electronic search engines includ Materials and Methods: ing PubMed, Central
of the Cochrane Library, Web of science, Wiley library and Google Scholar. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomized controlled
clinical trials (nRCTs) using various accelerated orthodontic tooth movement methods as an adjunct to the clear aligner therapy in human subjects
as participants were included in the study. The quality of the human studies was assessed using the Revised Cochrane risk of bias tool. Results:
Seven studies were included in this systematic review, out of which 6 were Randomized controlled trial and 1 non-Randomized controlled trial. Out
of six RCT's, 2 had a low risk of bias and remaining 4 had high risk of bias. One non-randomized controlled trial included in this review had high
risk of bias. According to this systematic review, existing evidence on accelerating clear aligner Conclusion: therapy using various accelerated
orthodontic tooth movement methods had some effect on rate of tooth movement, clear aligner replacement interval, clear aligner wear duration,
molecular changes, pain and discomfort. More number of properly designed RCTs with larger sample size and homogenous parameters are needed
to prove these claims. However the results of this review should be considered with caution.
NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS IN COVID-19 HEALTH CARE WORKERS – DO WE CATER?
Authors: Mangla Vipra , Dutta Rashmi , Shukla Ratnesh Kumar , Dudeja Puja
Published: July 2024

Background: Health Care Workers (HCWs) involved in COVID-19 patients management while wearing PPEs, face physiological challenges.
Maintaining optimal nutrition is crucial for supporting their immune system. Present study was planned to assess nutritional requirements in
HCWs. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was carried out on HCWs with the experience of wearing PPE during management of
COVID-19 patients. Data was collected online through a self-administered semi-structured pilot tested questionnaire using whatsApp messages
and emails. Results: 211 (88.3%) of study participants were clinicians, 24 (10%) administrative staff and 4 (1.7%) nursing staff. 71 (29.7%) felt
hungry and two-thirds 188 (78.7%) felt stressed while wearing PPE. Nearly half (125; 52.3%) had an inclination to consume energy dense food
items like chocolates/protein bars and (96; 40.2%) felt the need to consume extra diet. Conclusion: HCWs involved in COVID-19 patient
management need energy dense foods and prefer liquid diet to alleviate various symptoms experienced while wearing PPE.
EVALUATING THE DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING IN PARTIAL AND FULL THICKNESS ROTATOR CUFF TEAR.
Authors: Kaur Randhawa Amandeep , Bandyopadhyay Ranadeb , Nandy Debabrata , Setua Sayak
Published: July 2024

The shoulder joint is one of the most mobile joints of the body with maximum range of motion occurring due to joint stability maintained by
dynamic and static stabilizers. Of the dynamic stabilizers, rotator cuff is the most crucial and commonly involved component in the shoulder pain.
Despite of proper history and physical examination, rotator cuff tear (RCT), need diagnostic imaging evaluation by a comprehensive and accurate
imaging tool like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for analyzing the extent of tear. MRI is as accurate as arthroscopy in diagnosing partial (PTT)
and full (FTT) thickness tear and as a preliminary diagnostic imaging modality. Evaluate diagnostic Objective – accuracy of MRI in analyzing the
PTT and FTT by correlation of MRI ndings with arthroscopy. Study composed of 47 patients with prov Methodology – isional clinical diagnosis
of RCT, meeting the criteria for both MRI and arthroscopic evaluation. MRI was done, followed by 'gold standard' investigation with arthroscopy.
Statistical correlation of MRI and arthroscopy nding was done with sensitivity, specicity, predictive value and accuracy, along with kappa
statistic to nd the level of agreement in diagnosing full and partial thickness tear by MRI. There Result – was perfect agreement between MRI and
arthroscopy in diagnosing the FTT and substantial agreement for PTT, based on statistical value of Kappa for FTT as 0.93 and for PTT as 0.63 with
P value at 5% signicance level as <0.001. The study demonstrated high sensitivity and specicity o Conclusion- f MRI with statistically perfect
and substantial agreement of diagnosing FTT and PTT, respectively, with reference to arthroscopy. Thus, MRI apart from providing useful
information about the extent of tear, also provides the characteristic features of tear which makes it imperative before initiation of any therapeutic
plan.
A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY ON SOCIO-BEHAVIOURAL IMPACT OF COVID-19 AMONG YOUNG ADULTS
Authors: Manthisamy Keerthana , Sivadanam Harshitha , Peethala Sujatha , Garapati Sridevi
Published: July 2024

Introduction: COVID-19 is expected to have a signicant impact on the socio-behavioural aspect of citizen's lives. The effects are expected to
manifest differently in different populations. It is important to understand the changes in lifestyle-related behaviour adjusting to the COVID-19
preventive measures. To assess the socio-behavioural impact of COVID-19 among young professional st Objective: Methodology: udents. After
obtaining IEC clearance and informed consent from the study subjects, a cross-sectional study was conducted from August 15 to September 15,
2020. Data was collected from 178 young adults (97 Medical and 81 Paramedical students), at Government General Hospital, Kurnool, selected by
simple random sampling, using a validated questionnaire from the study done by Kamal bandhu et al., Data was collected and analysed by SPSS.
Results: A total of 178 participants were included in the study. The mean age of the participants was 20.92 ± 0.88 years. The distribution of
participants was 79 males and 99 females. Most had a considerable fear of getting Covid-19 infection (62%). Fear is more common among age
group of 19-21 years (p<0.05). A signicant association between lower age and female gender was found regarding different sources of
information, creating a state of confusion about the pandemic. Experience of home connement (p<0.01), restriction of social gatherings (p<0.01),
and going out (p <0.05) has a signicant association with the young age group. Female gender is associated with feelings of social isolation.
Decreased intake of junk foods was signicantly associated with age, gender, and course of study (p<0.05). There is a positive impact Conclusion:
on lifestyle modications and preventive practices due to COVID-19.
STUDY OF CORRELATION BETWEEN BODY MASS INDEX AND MUSCLE FATIGUE IN YOUNG ADULTS
Authors: Monica Devarapally , Rao K Prabhakara
Published: July 2024

Background: In isotonic muscle contraction, stimulation produces shortening while exerting a constant force when the muscle is stimulated
repeatedly for a prolonged period, it loses its physiological property of contraction and decreases the working capacity. This phenomenon is called
fatigue which is reversible with rest. Fatigue results mainly from the inability of contractile and metabolic processes of the muscle bers to continue
supplying the same work output. Objectives: To study the correlation between Body mass index and muscle fatigue in male and female young
adults. Methodology: This study included 105 subjects between 18 – 24 years of age. Subjects were divided into four subgroups based on WHO
BMI Classication. BMI was calculated from their respective height and weight. Mosso's ergograph was used. Subjects were made to sit; the
forearm was properly xed in adjustable points in the ergograph with the middle nger extended and a weight of 2kgs was suspended and asked to
make series of maximal contractions at regular intervals following the beat of metronome until the weight can no longer be moved. Results: Mean
value is 3.5194kgm in normal weight, 2.361 kg.m in underweight, 4.0224 kg.m in overweight, 3.92 kg.m in obese population. p=0.000031 for
underweight, p= 0.05726 for overweight and p= 0.306 for obese population. p= 0.00001 for BMI and work done. Conclusion: There is a
signicant association between BMI and work done. There is signicant association between underweight subject's BMI and work done but no
signicant association between overweight, obese subject's BMI and work done.
THE ROLE OF NEO-ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY IN STAGE IV-A CERVICAL CANCER: ITS IMPACT ON TUMOUR RESPONSE AND QOL
Authors: B Kalyani , Kumar G. Mehar
Published: July 2024

Background and objectives: Concurrent chemoradiation is the standard of care in locally advanced carcinoma cervix, but stage IV-A patients are
usually candidates for palliation due to extensive local disease and poor performance status. We designed this pilot study to evaluate the role of
NACT in such patients and see if denitive chemoradiation is feasible in good responders to NACT. Secondary endpoint was QOL assessment.
Methods: All the patients received 3 cycles of NACT (Inj Paclitaxel175mg/m2+CDDP 75mg/m2) x 3 weekly, followed by response assessment.
Patients with at least PR were given denitive chemoradiation followed by brachytherapy. Response assessment and QOL were documented 3
months post treatment. After NACT 13.3% had CR and 66.7% had PR ≥50% (p value-0.001) and 3 months p Result: ost treatment 69.2% had CR
and 30% had PR≥50% (p value-<0.001) which is suggestive of good response that is statistically signicant. The most common toxicity
encountered during NACT was neutropenia (53.2%) followed by nausea/vomiting (46%) and in patients receiving chemo-radiation commonly
reported toxicity was diarrhoea (38.4%) followed by hyponatremia (30.7%). Quality of life assessment done using EOTC QLQ30 shows that there
is signicant improvement in physical activity (p value-0.001), emotional quotient (p value-0.008) and social interaction (p value-0.036). EORTC
QLQCX24 particularly for assessment of symptoms pertaining to cervical cancer shows signicant improvement in pedal edema, bleeding pv,
discharge pv, menopausal symptoms and body image (p value-0.0043). Our study shows that stage IV-A Conclusion: cervical cancer patients with
relatively good performance status can be given denitive treatment and thereby chance of cure, if the initial response to tumour debulking by
NACT is good. NACT with taxane/platinum combination seems an effective option for cytoreduction with good compliance. Majority of these
patients have complete response and good QOL post treatment.
ESTIMATION OF MUSCULAR FITNESS OF URBAN SCHOOL CHILDREN BELONGING TO DIFFERENT SOCIO-ECONOMIC STRATA
Authors: Kulkarni Siddharth Digambar , Haq M. M. , Desai Hetal Tejas
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Kraus-Weber Tests check the tness of the most important muscle groups of our body; the muscles which are indispensable for a
smooth and healthy life. Those who failed in these tests appeared to be sick, emotionally imbalanced and having constant strain in them. These tests
have been proved as an effective screening device to mark unt subjects (especially in the pediatric age-group) by earlier studies. Socio-economic
status depends not only on the per capita income but also on the academic qualication and occupation of the head of the family. It could be
hypothesised that socio-economically backward children are more likely to fail in Kraus-Weber Tests as a less favorable socio-economic condition
puts greater physical and emotional stress. To assess tness of today's urban school children using Aim of the Study: Kraus-Weber Tests and to
compare muscular tness (as measured by Kraus-Weber Tests) of healthy school-going children between 9 years to 12 years of age (older pediatric
age-group) with the socio-economic strata of society to which they belong. The study was conducted Materials & Methods: on 320 healthy
children (between 9 years to 12 years of age) studying in an urban government school belonging to different socio-economic strata. Participating
children were made to perform maneuvers as per the 6 Kraus-Weber Tests after proper explanation and alleviating their anxiety. Failure in even one
test item was deemed as failure in the Kraus-Weber Tests. Successes and Failures in 'The Kraus-Weber Tests' across various socio-economic strata
were compared using Chi-Square Test. Prevalence of unt children was signicantly higher in lower so Observations & Conclusions: cioeconomic strata as compared to higher socio-economic strata. Efforts should be made by the Government and NGOs to ensure that all school
children enjoy a healthy socio-economic and cultural environment at their homes and in school. Overall failure percentage was observed to be
28.75%. An increase in failure percentage in this study could be a result of increasing mental stress on school children due to expectations from
family and growing competition. Maximum failure percentage of 15.31% was found in the Flexibility Test. Training in relaxation techniques,
aerobic maneuvers and Yoga could be the answer to decreasing Flexibility failures.
SLEEP APNEA IN ADULTS: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Authors: Gupta Ayushi , Mehta Yatin , Tandon Rajeev , Singh Lalit
Published: July 2024

Background- OSA is dened by the presence of repetitive episodes(AHI>5) of upper airway obstruction during sleep. This study aims to assess the
polysomnographic characteristics of OSA in young population(<50yrs age). Methodology- A prospective observational study of young
population <50 years of age was conducted at department of pulmonary medicine, where all 36 participants underwent polysomnography. In this
study we aim to outline the various variables, co-morbidities and AHI severity in this population. Results- Out of 36 participants in our study
population- 33 participants were found to have OSA. It comprised of 33%(n=12) females and 66%(n=24 )males. 55.5%(n=20) participants had
severe AHI of which 85%(n=17) were males. 21%(n=25) of the population had an underlying obstructive airway disease. Smokers constituted
almost 55%(n=19) of the cases and 65%(n=13) were males. ENT and thyroid disorders were found to be a common in severe and moderate AHI
patients (16%,n=15 and 10%,n=9 ) prevailing more in females. Conclusion- OSA in young population is an overlooked diagnosis. Average AHI
for the study population was (42.525). Overall, males (66%, n=24) were more prone to develop OSA in young. Female participants reported
increased incidence of Asthma, ENT symptoms and hypothyroidism: when compared to men in the same subset. Smoking (55%,n=20) was found
to be an independent risk factor for OSA prevalence as well as severity. Chest wall disorders and underlying obstructive airway disease (21%,
n=19) predisposed the subjects to develop the condition.
Routine Medical Checkups among the Elderly in Africa: A Scoping Review of Empirical Evidence
Authors: Isma’il Abbas , Amzat Jimoh
Published: July 2024

Comorbid conditions are common among the elderly, and they are in danger of passing away soon. Therefore, there is a need for frequent routine medical checkups (RMCs) to maintain their health status. This scoping review aims to assess the extent of available empirical evidence on RMCs among the elderly in Africa. Seven research databases, namely PubMed, CINAHL Ultimate, CINAHL Complete, AMED (The Allied and Complementary Medicine Database), Sociological Abstracts, Psychology & Behavioral Sciences Collection, and Jisc Library Hub, were systematically explored to retrieve 240 studies. Using Endnote software, the collected articles were extracted, deduplicated, and screened. This review analyzed three studies on RMCs among the elderly in Africa. The studies were conducted in Nigeria, Tanzania, and Ghana, utilizing various methodologies. The baseline knowledge and practice of preventive healthcare services were explored in two studies. While the majority of the respondents demonstrated limited awareness, which led to low use rates. The findings showed that a considerable percentage of respondents were aware of age-related noncommunicable diseases and preventive healthcare services. According to one study, older people’s health condition is influenced by their health behaviors, access to healthcare, and health literacy. A considerable study vacuum in understanding the prevalence, usefulness, and implications of RMCs among the elderly in Africa is suggested by the paucity of research publications. Future research should examine the advantages, challenges, and tactics for improving access to and utilization of RMCs specifically designed for Africa’s aging population. Addressing this gap can contribute to evidence-based healthcare policies and interventions aimed at promoting the overall health and well-being of the elderly in Africa.
Political Zoning, Interreligious Balancing and Socio-political Development in Ebonyi State, Nigeria
Authors: Oketa Chibugo Moses
Published: July 2024

Nigeria as a democratic nation is facing tremendous challenges as a result of ethnic and religious sentiments. Social dynamics have weakened the development of the institutions necessary for nation building. This study examined the effects of ethnicity and religious balancing on the socio-political and economic development of Nigeria with particular reference to Ebonyi State. The broad objective of this study is to determine how ethnicity, religious affiliation and zoning systems have affected the socio-political development in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. The study is anchored on Garson group theory of politics. Also, the study adopted a descriptive survey design and the sample size for the study was 380 respondents. The instrument used for data collection was structured questionnaire and data collected were presented and analysed using simple percentages and frequency tables. The findings revealed that ethnicity, religious affiliation and zoning politics operate in Ebonyi and these have retarded the integration of the State and continued to impede the attainment of socioeconomic development. Based on the findings, the study recommends, among others, that there is a need for purposeful leadership anchored on a vision to place its citizens at the centre of political projects without recourse to ethnic chauvinism.
Game of Hope: The Culture of Betting among Undergraduate Students in Ibadan
Authors: Busari Dauda , Dare Korede
Published: July 2024

Gambling has become increasingly prevalent among the youth, impacting individuals and society in both positive and negative ways. A study conducted in Agbowo, Ibadan, Oyo state, sought to understand the relationship between gambling and youth culture. The research employed structural functionalism and symbolic interactionism as framework, drawing on relevant literature to inform the objectives. Data were gathered through questionnaires, in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and key informant interviews, involving both gamblers and non-gamblers. Quantitative analysis included frequency, tables, and cross-tabulations, while content analysis was applied to qualitative data. The findings showed that gamblers’ attitudes were influenced by game preferences, profession, and a desire to take risks. Many viewed gambling as advantageous, despite recognizing its disadvantages, with the belief that these drawbacks could be minimized. Most young people were attracted to gambling due to the potential for additional income. Gambling was associated with employment creation and a reduction in criminal activities, offering hope for a better life. However, it also led to health problems, risky behaviours, resource wastage, family deprivation, and addiction. The study recommended the provision of platforms for educating gamblers about the implications of their choices and promoting responsible gambling. This research underscores the need to address the complex and multifaceted impact of gambling on youth and society.
Tambihi da Tunasarwa Dangane da Haɗuwar Zumunci ta Ƙungiyar Zamfarawa Mazauna Jihar Kano
Authors: Gusau Sa’idu Muhammad
Published: July 2024

Zamfarawa wani sashe ne a cikin al’ummar Hausawa waɗanda suka kasance da hasaloli kyawawa cike da halayen kirki tare da aiwatar gaskiya da son ‘yan’uwa da kuma abokai. Mutane ne masu kunya, masu kawar da kai, sannan kuma masu neman shawarwari a tsarin hasalolin rayuwa. Zamfarawa mutane ne, masu kulawa, waɗanda suke iya zama da kowaɗanne nau’o’in mutane da suka sami kansu a cikinsu ne. Suna tafiyar da kyawawan mu’amaloli ne da mutane daban-daban, musamman idan aka yi la’akari da yanayin harkokinsu da mutanen Legas da na Ibadan da na Ogbomosho da na Ghana da na Paris da na Ingila da na Amurka da na Libya da na Agadaz da na Anambara da na Adamawa da na Zuru da na Yawuri da na Argungu da na Kano da na Katsina da na Zariya da dai sauransu. An ayyana, ayyuka ne da hidimomin rayuwa suka kawo Zamfarawa jihar Kano. An fahimci Zamfarawa mazauna Kano sun haɗu ne a sigar mutuntawa tare da girmama duk wani jinsi na ɗan’adam da suke zaune da shi. Hakan ne kuma ya haddasa musu aiwatar da wani yunƙuri tare da azama na kafawa da samar da Ƙungiyar Zamfarawa Mazauna Jihar Kano kwata. Daga cikin manufofin da suka haddasa kafa wannan ƙungiya bai wuce a ƙara samar da danƙon zumunci ba, tare da lura da ɗorewar kulawa da juna. Haka kuma yana daga cikin manufofinta, a ƙara saka ƙaimi wajen taimakawa da ƙarfafawa juna da kuma abokan hulɗa, tare da lazimtar aikata halaye na gari da ƙarfafa ayyukan addinin Musulunci da bunƙasa tattalin arziki da ƙarfafa dukkan nau’o’i da rassa na ilimi da kuma kulawa da sa-hannun ƙungiya wajen samar da ayyukan-yi ga matasa. Ta haka ake ba da shawara da a bunƙasa wasu muhimman gurabu domin a aiwatar da hidimomin ƙungiyar. Sannan, gurabun kar su yawaita; a zaɓi mutanen da suka dace a ɗora su a matsayin Shugaban Ƙungiya da Sakataren Dauwana Ayyukan Ƙungiya da Sakataren Tantance Shiga-da-Ficen Kuɗin Ƙungiya da Ma’aji da Sakataren Sadar da Ayyukan Ƙungiya. Sannan a samar da Kundin Tsarin Mulki (Constitution) da Kwamitin Amintattun Wakilai na Ƙungiya da Kwamitin Iyayen Ƙungiya da kuma Kwamitin Lauyoyin Ƙungiya.
Avaliação de Isquemia Miocárdica com o Uso Integrado da Multimodalidade
Authors: Leite Thiago Nunes Pereira , Gowdak Luís Henrique Wolff
Published: July 2024

A isquemia miocárdica, caracterizada pela redução do suprimento de oxigênio ao miocárdio, é uma manifestação comum da doença arterial coronariana (DAC), uma das principais causas de morbidade e mortalidade global. A detecção precoce e precisa da isquemia miocárdica é fundamental para a estratificação de risco, planejamento de tratamento e melhoria dos desfechos clínicos. Nos últimos anos, os avanços nas modalidades de imagem cardíaca proporcionaram uma avaliação mais abrangente da isquemia miocárdica. Este artigo revisa os recentes avanços na avaliação e detecção da isquemia miocárdica com foco no uso integrado da multimodalidade. Discute as principais técnicas disponíveis, suas vantagens e limitações, e seu papel na prática clínica atual, além das perspectivas futuras nesta área. As modalidades de imagem cardíaca na avaliação da isquemia miocárdica incluem eletrocardiografia de esforço, ecocardiografia com estresse, tomografia computadorizada por emissão de fóton único, tomografia por emissão de pósitrons, ressonância magnética cardíaca e angiotomografia coronariana. A seleção de exames de imagem deve considerar a probabilidade pré-teste (PPT) de DAC e as características clínicas dos pacientes. Modalidades funcionais não invasivas são preferíveis para pacientes com probabilidade intermediária de DAC. A integração dessas modalidades pode melhorar a sensibilidade, especificidade e acurácia diagnóstica, oferecendo uma avaliação mais completa da condição cardiovascular do paciente e possibilitando um planejamento terapêutico mais personalizado.
Em conclusão, a abordagem multimodal na avaliação da isquemia miocárdica aprimora a detecção precoce, a estratificação de risco e o planejamento terapêutico. A combinação de várias modalidades de imagem permite uma visão holística da condição cardiovascular, melhorando a precisão diagnóstica e os desfechos clínicos em pacientes com suspeita ou com diagnóstico estabelecido de DAC.
TRATAMENTO CIRÚRGICO DA DIVERTICULITE AGUDA
Authors: Barbosa Silva Pedro Augusto , Vitoria Campos Dias Isabela , Dahra Acioli Leonardi Milena , Rito Martins Maressa , Barbosa de Carvalho Matos Gabriel
Published: July 2024

A diverticulite é uma inflamação do divertículo que se encontra presente, principalmente, com o avançar da idade. Até 25% dos pacientes apresentam essa doença diverticular. E dos pacientes que apresentam essa doença, aproximadamente 25% deles precisam de tratamento cirúrgico. O tratamento cirúrgico é indicado, principalmente, nas complicações da diverticulite aguda, incluindo abscessos, estenose, peritonite purulenta ou fecal. O objetivo do trabalho é analisar a importância do tratamento cirúrgico da diverticulite aguda. Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa dos últimos 5 anos na base de dados:  MEDLINE e Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) com os descritores que foram utilizados: "diverticulite" "aguda" "tratamento" "cirurgia". Notou-se que o tratamento cirúrgico é importante nas formas complicadas, diminuindo o tempo de internação, dor, complicação e mortalidade, uma vez que há alta mortalidade nas formas complicadas. Além disso, o tratamento clínico nas formas graves é insuficiente para resolução do quadro. A vários tipos de tratamento cirúrgico, desde laparoscopia, drenagem percutânea, anastomose primária, cirurgia de Hartmann e laparotomia. A escolha do método leva em conta as complicações que o paciente apresenta, a gravidade, morbidade e instabilidade hemodinâmica do paciente. Nesse sentido, evidencia-se a importância do tratamento cirúrgico na diminuição da morbimortalidade dos pacientes e na melhora do prognóstico.
MANEJO DA CETOACIDOSE DIABÉTICA EM CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES
Authors: Patrícia Ikeda
Published: July 2024

Introdução: A cetoacidose diabética é um quadro clínico de um paciente que se encontra com a sua concentração de insulina em níveis abaixo do normal e com o excesso de hormônios contra-reguladores, como glucagon, cortisol e catecolaminas. Objetivo: Analisar as características clínicas de crianças e adolescentes que possuem tal doença visando um diagnóstico e tratamento precoce. Método: Utilizou-se como fonte de pesquisa para essa revisão de caráter analítico artigos da base de dados do PubMed que dissertam sobre o manejo da cetoacidose diabética em crianças e adolescentes, publicados entre 2015 a 2021 nas línguas portuguesa e inglesa, onde a escolha dos artigos foi baseada na ordem de maior concordância com o tema escolhido, selecionando apenas cinco para a leitura interpretativa e realização da redação deste artigo. Resultados e discussão: Os resultados destacam a importância da reposição de fluidos, administração de insulina e correção de eletrólitos no manejo da CAD, bem como a necessidade de educação contínua dos pacientes e cuidadores para reconhecimento precoce de sintomas e adesão ao tratamento. A padronização das diretrizes clínicas é crucial para garantir cuidado uniforme e de alta qualidade, enquanto a gestão ambulatorial de casos leves pode reduzir hospitalizações desnecessárias. Conclusão:  A CAD representa uma complicação grave do DM1 em crianças e adolescentes, com significativa morbimortalidade. Estratégias de prevenção e tratamento eficazes, aliadas à educação contínua e padronização das diretrizes clínicas, são essenciais para melhorar os resultados clínicos e a qualidade de vida desses pacientes. Recomenda-se a continuação de estudos para investigar determinantes sociais da saúde e aprimorar as estratégias de prevenção e manejo da CAD.
EVALUATION OF BOND STRENGTH BETWEEN DIFFERENT SYSTEMS FOR ADHESIVE CEMENTATION TO FELDSPATHIC PORCELAIN AND ZIRCONIUM OXIDE
Authors: Geraldo Alberto Pinheiro de Carvalho  , Caio Marques Martins  , Silvio Mecca Júnior  , Francisco Fernando Massola Filho  , João Gustavo Rabelo Ribeiro
Published: July 2024

Introduction: New systems for adhesive cementation have been increasingly developed and used in daily clinical practice for the cementation of ceramic prostheses. Differences in the chemical composition of various system components can influence the bond strength between the resin cement and the ceramic. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the bond strength between two ceramic systems—feldspathic porcelain and yttria-stabilized zirconium oxide—and three different systems for adhesive cementation: Rely X ARC, Multilink System, and Rely X UCem. Methodology: Thirty discs of Noritake feldspathic porcelain and thirty discs of zirconium oxide ceramic were fabricated, each measuring 7.5 mm in diameter by 3.0 mm in thickness, according to the manufacturers’ instructions. The discs were polished on a mechanical polisher with water sandpaper ranging from 320 to 1500 grit and embedded in ½ inch PVC tubes with self-curing acrylic resin. The feldspathic porcelain discs were conditioned with 10% hydrofluoric acid for 120 seconds, and the zirconium oxide discs were sandblasted with 40 psi alumina for 10 seconds at 10 mm. All discs were then washed and placed in an ultrasonic bath with distilled water for 10 minutes. The cementation systems were applied according to the manufacturers’ instructions (n=10) on an adhesion area of 5.0 mm in diameter, delimited by a tripartite metal matrix. The samples underwent 1,000 thermal cycles ranging from 5°C to 55°C. Shear bond strength tests were performed on an EMIC DL2000 testing machine with a 20 kN load cell and a speed of 0.5 mm/min. The mean values of the groups were as follows (in MPa): Feldspathic with Rely X ARC (G1) 6.21; Feldspathic with Multilink (G2) 8.98; Feldspathic with Rely X UCem (G3) 8.15; Zirconium Oxide with Rely X ARC (G4) 0.53; Zirconium Oxide with Multilink (G5) 9.25; Zirconium Oxide with Rely X UCem (G6) 4.37. Data were subjected to one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests. Results: There was no significant difference among the feldspathic porcelain groups. For zirconium oxide, Multilink showed higher bond strength values. Conclusion: The bond strength between the cements and feldspathic porcelain exceeded the intrinsic strength of this material, and Multilink showed the highest bond strength values regardless of the ceramic material.
HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN EXPERIMENTAL ESCHERICHIA INFECTION CAUSED BY ESCHERICHIA COLI EXOTOXINS
Authors: Tischenko Aleksandr
Published: July 2024

Escherichia infection is a pressing problem for livestock farming. Pathogenic variants of Escherichia coli, having a wide range of virulence factors, when entering the body, can lead to complications and da-mage to various organ systems, including those outside the gastrointestinal tract. Histopathological studies contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms of pathogenesis, host responses and interactions at the tissue level in various forms of Escherichia infection, as well as the development of preventive and therapeutic strategies. The purpose of research is to study the effect of exometabolites of pathogenic Escherichia coli on the histological picture of internal organs and systems in rabbits. The material for the study was pathogenic isolates of Escherichia coli and a mixture of their exometabolites. The work used molecular-genetic, bacteriological, serological, biological and histopathological research methods. As a result, characteristic histological signs associated with toxic infections of pathogenic Escherichia coli producing Shiga-like, heat-stable and heat-labile exotoxins were established. Destruction of microvilli in the distal small intestine and colon, thrombotic microangiopathy in the kidneys, which included endothelial edema, thrombosis in the glomerular capillaries, fibrin deposition, mesangiolysis and damage to the tubular epithelium were revealed. From the central nervous system, perivascular narrowing, inflammation of the meninges, neuronal necrosis and gliosis were observed. Pathohistological effects in the form of toxic liver dystrophy and pulmonary emphysema were also noted. Thus, specific patterns of histological tissue damage indicate mechanisms of interaction between different pathotypes of Escherichia coli, which may help improve strategies for the treatment and prevention of toxigenic escherichiosis.
REFRIGERATION TECHNOLOGY EVALUATION IN EXTENDING CHEESE SHELF LIFE
Authors: Buyanova Irina , Shrayner Vladimir , Elistratova Dar'ya
Published: July 2024

The goal is to study the refrigeration and long-term storage of cheeses of various species groups to ensure product safety and microbiological safety. Research was carried out to substantiate the shelf life and biological safety of cheeses using rational modes of their refrigeration treatment in developed models of devices with two types of refrigerants. The influence of rapid freezing regimes on the physicochemical, water-binding, organoleptic properties of semi-hard cheeses was studied with further justification, based on thermoeconomic analysis, of the best conditions for carrying out refrigeration treatment using cryogenic and air freezing. For research, a wide range of low temperatures of heat exchange between the environment and the object of freezing was selected. Rational conditions for organizing the experiment were set: in the ultra-low temperature range from –50 to –90 °C at the first stage of freezing and from –20 to –40 °C at the second. The air speed was maintained stationary at 5 m/s. The developed modes largely retained all the original properties of the product at low energy costs. The end of the process was determined by establishing the average volumetric temperature across all layers of the product to –20 °C, which was subsequently used for low-temperature storage. In the studies, cheeses were considered as objects of low-temperature processing from the perspective of phase changes in the water content and the consequences that these changes can lead to. Particular attention in the work was given to the consideration of the preservation of the structure of the product under the influence of various freezing and storage temperatures; accordingly, conclusions were drawn about the identified patterns with further recommendations for practical use. The value of active acidity pH was studied, which influenced the hydration of proteins, regulating the water-binding properties and consistency of cheese. Frozen cheeses showed the best performance in terms of chemical composition, properties and quality preservation when stored at –20 °C for 15–18 months. The obtained patterns of changes in the properties of frozen cheeses showed the possibility of regulating the effect of freezing from the position of increasing the storage capacity of objects.
TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FOR PRODUCING KOMBUCHA – BASED KVASS WITH MINT EXTRACT ADDITION
Authors: Gusev Aleksandr , Kaluzhina Olesya , Bagautdinov Irek , Nafikova Aygul'
Published: July 2024

The purpose of research is to develop a technology for producing a therapeutic and prophylactic drink, tea kvass, based on kombucha, with the addition of mint extract. The results of the influence of various dosages of mint in the production of kombucha-based kvass on the main organoleptic and physicochemical parameters are presented. An assessment of the quality of raw materials (water, sugar, tea) showed its compliance with the requirements of regulatory and technical documents in all respects. The chemical composition of mint was also studied according to the following indicators: content of water-soluble substances – 45.1 %, reducing substances – 10.8 %, vitamin C (ascorbic acid) – 2.8 mg/100 g, P (rutin) –1.18, phenolic compounds 1.25 mg/100 g. Research has shown that, according to the results of an organoleptic assessment, the most rational concentration for adding mint extract is 2 % by weight. Further increasing the concentration of mint extract is not advisable. With the addition of the extract, the dry matter content increases by 1.3 % and the titratable acidity by 2.43 %. It has been proven that tea kvass with the addition of mint extract at a concentration of 2 % has a unique taste and aroma that differs positively from kvass prepared according to the standard recipe. The amount of phosphoric acid increased from 8.1 mg/l in the control variant to 17.3–21.4 mg/l in the experimental variants. The content of ascorbic acid increased from 1.35 to 2.64–3.18 mg/100 ml, depending on the concentration of the extract, as well as β-carotenes from 0.09 to 0.11–0.26 mg/100 ml in the control and experimental variants respectively. The recipe for a tea drink based on kombucha using mint extract has been substantiated and developed.
RESEARCH OF LIVER PATES BIOLOGICAL VALUE USING A SEMI-FINISHED FUNCTIONAL ACTION PRODUCT
Authors: Osmanova Yuliya
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the study is to determine the biological value of culinary products of liver pates using a functional semi-finished product based on non-traditional plant raw materials. Studies of the biological va-lue of new products were carried out in the laboratories of the department of mobilization of plant resources of the Donetsk Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences, and at the Department of Technology and Organization of Food Production named after A.F. Korshunova. The amino acid composition of the protein of liver pates using a semi-finished product from Jerusalem artichoke tubers and chicory root was studied on an AAA-339M amino acid analyzer. Quantitative determination of tryptophan was carried out separately after alkaline hydrolysis according to Graham. The degree of amino acid balance of pates was determined by comparing their amino acid scores in accordance with FAO/WHO. During the research process, it was found that the amount of essential amino acids is 42–43 % of the total amount, and non-essential amino acids – 57–58 %. This indicates the high biological value of liver pates prepared with the addition of semi-finished products from Jerusalem artichoke and chicory. According to the data obtained, the biological value for liver pates ranges from 68 to 74.8 %, in contrast to pates prepared using classical technology. Liver pates prepared with the addition of a semi-finished product from Jerusalem artichoke tubers and chicory root have a U value of 0.86, which proves the positive effect of the introduced semi-finished product.