bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GDL-BASED ARTESUNATE SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLE
Authors: JAIN ANAMIKA , VYAS S. P.
Published: September 2023

Objective: The present research aimed to prepare and characterize glyceryl dilaurate (GDL) containing solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) with tween 80 and lecithin as an emulsifier in which the artesunate drug was loaded.
Methods: SLNs were synthesized by solvent emulsification–diffusion technique. The formulation was characterized for size, size distribution, zeta potential, shape and morphology, and DSC. In vitro drug release studies were performed at pH 5.0 and pH 7.4 to mimic in vivo conditions. Hemolytic studies and In vitro, antiplasmodial activities were carried out. Plasmodium berghei (NK65 resistant strain) infected mice were used to test the in vivo antimalarial efficacy of SLN.
Results: SLN exhibited 327 nm average sizes with 0.164 PDI and-23.4 mV zeta potential. TEM images revealed a spherical structure. The entrapment efficiency of the ART was calculated as 85.68%. In vitro, drug release studies showed that entrapped drug was released in a weakly acidic environment (83.45% for ART). Hemolytic studies revealed that ART-GDL conjugate was stable and safe for parenteral delivery. IC50 value of the GDL-based ART-SLNs was calculated to be 0.32 µM. Furthermore, the GDL-based ART-SLNs resulted in enhanced parasite killing in P. berghei-infected mice and improved survivability as compared to free ART administration.
Conclusion: The present research allows safe and effective intravenous administration of artesunate. Thus GDL-Based ART-SLNs could be a potential drug delivery system for antimalarial therapy.
Development of Dendrobium officinale pulpy drink
Authors: Asjad Muhammad Arsalan , Lou Zaixiang , Mukesh Mukesh , Anwar Sehar , Munam Hafiz Abdul , Hassan Farazia , Al-Ansi Waleed
Published: September 2023

D. officinale is a renowned botanical species in China with a rich historical background associated with its extensive use in traditional medicine. This research aims to develop a pulpy drink using the Stem of the D. officinale plant and enhance its thermal stability. In order to enhance the thermal stability of the beverage, multiple amounts of xanthan gum were used in the formulation. The physical stability of the D. officinale pulpy drink was assessed by measuring particle size, Zeta potential, particle sedimentation, viscosity, and color. The current research findings indicated that the beverage with a composition of 3% D. officinale pulp and 0.4% xanthan gum exhibited the highest level of physical stability. This beverage exhibited the smallest particle size, negative zeta potential, viscosity, and no sedimentation.
Traditional Plant uses and Indigenous Knowledge in Ethnobotany
Authors: Srinivas Ch. , Singh Dr. Gulab
Published: September 2023

Malaria, diabetes, tetanus, and pneumonia were the top four diseases for which locals had an understanding of medicinal plants (40%+), followed by arteriosclerosis (10%), trachoma (5%), smallpox (5%), rheumatic fever (5%), and gout (5%). People in the area were more than twice as likely to know that roots may be used as a medicine than they were to know that fruits, bark, bulbs, or flowers could do the same. There is an urgent need to document and transmit this knowledge from one generation to the next because of the community's dependence on traditional medicinal plants. One strategy for reaching this objective is to compile a database of useful plants for medicine and study.The identification of the active ingredient in a medicine from voucher samples is a crucial but time-consuming part of any ethnobotanical study. However, biochemical analysis was used to separate the active components of two plants. The research on traditional treatments is meant to inform mainstream medicine. The identification of the active elements of indigenous remedies may lead to a synthesis of modern and traditional medicine.
Effect of Stone Dust on Properties of Soil
Authors: Gupta Dr. Sanjeev Kumar , Singh Gurmeet
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Stone dust is a kind of solid waste material that is generated from stone crushing industry which is abundantly available. It is estimated that each crusher unit produce 15%-20% stone dust. Disposal of such wastes poses lots of geo environmental problems such as landfill disposal problems, health and environmental hazards. The best way to eliminate these problems is to make use such waste. Keeping this in view an experimental study was conducted on locally available soil by mixing it with Stone Dust. The effect of randomly distributed Stone Dust on MDD, OMC, and CBR has been discussed in this report. The percentage of stone dust by dry weight of soil was taken as 10%, 20%, 30%, and 50%.The first series of compaction, specific gravity and CBR tests were conducted on the soil and the same tests were conducted in the second series on soil samples mixed with stone dust. Laboratory experiments favorably suggest that mixing stone dust with soil would be effective in improving soil properties. Due to rapid growth of population and industrialization there is tremendous increase in construction activities. The cities and villages are coming closer, there is fast growth of vehicles running on roads. There is shortage of land for construction of buildings, roads, highways and airfields. The land available may not be suitable for construction activities. The soil may be black cotton, clayey, and loamy. The existing site conditions may or may not be sufficiently strong enough to withstand the load coming on it. In order to overcome these problem ground improvement technique such as soil stabilization, soil reinforcement etc. are evolved. The mechanical stabilization of soil proves to be cost effective and reliable. As the property of clayey soil proves to be suitable for mechanical stabilization, the cohesive natured clayey soil were chosen and checked for their geotechnical properties with other general soil characteristics by varying the content of stone dust The modification of soil is carried out by addition of stone dust to original expansive soils in the range of 0 to 50% by the percentage increase of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 50% and the effect of stone dust on liquid limit, plastic limit, plasticity index, dry density, optimum moisture content and CBR values is considered
Heat Transfer in Solid by Using Linear Differential Equation
Authors: Shende Sunilkumar Kuwarlal , Matlam Jayprakash Laxman , Lanjewar Dipak Govindrao
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Differential equations are fundamental importance in engineering mathematics because any physical law s and relations appear mathematically in the form of such equations. . The rate of heat conduc- tion in a specified direction is proportional to the temperature gradient,which isthe rate of change in temperature with distance in that direction. In this paper we discussed about first order linear homogeneous equations, first order linear non homogeneous and the application of first order differential equationto heat transfer analysis particularly in heat conduction in solids.
Identification and Prediction of Metastatic Tumor in Breast Using Deep Learning Techniques
Authors: Nagavalli Srigowri S , Sumana K R
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Our work aims to develop a system for breast cancer detection using Image Processing Techniques. It addresses the limitations of mammography, such as painful procedures, by introducing thermal image analysis. For mammogram analysis, morphology techniques are applied to enhance the images before feature extraction. The preprocessed image used to classify mammograms into threecategories: Normal Fatty Breast, Abnormal Fatty Breast, and Glandular Breast. In the case of thermal images, the system analyses the distribution of heat around the breast. Variations in heat levels are used to identify potential cancerous areas. Additionally, the project includes the development of a user-friendly Graphical User Interface (GUI) to enhance accessibility for users. The proposed system provides option on architectures namely CNN, VGG16 and Densenet121 using which the result is obtained.
Cross Language Information Retrieval based on Automatic Query Translation for Marathi Documents
Authors: Pachpande Suhas D. , Bhalchandra Parag U.
Published: September 2023

Abstract: The current research article explores the realm of Cross Language Information Retrieval (CLIR) and its significance in the digital age. It addresses the challenges faced in CLIR, including lexical and semantic disparities, the scarcity of parallel corpora, cultural nuances, and more. The article discusses innovative solutions encompassing Machine Translation, Query Expansion, Cross-Lingual Word Embeddings, and Multilingual Information Retrieval Models to enhance CLIR's effectiveness. Furthermore, it sheds light on Information Retrieval Models, such as the Boolean Model, Vector Space Model (VSM), and Probabilistic Models, explaining their principles and applications. The study also presents experimental results highlighting the limitations of monolingual IR models and the effectiveness of crosslingual techniques, such as translation and query expansion, in improving CLIR, making it a valuable tool for accessing information across languages.
Structural Analysis of Two-Cell Box Culverts: A Study Considering Different S/H Ratios with Diverse Skew Angles
Authors: Mishra Akash , Pendharkar Dr. Umesh
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Box culverts play a crucial role as vital structures, having been built in diverse forms and dimensions to provide a range of waterway and traffic requirements. They offer a pathway beneath roads, ensuring safe traversal without disrupting road traffic, thus affording users a secure journey. Typically, box culverts are employed for this purpose. These structures endure a variety of pressures from water, traffic, cushion and soil. In this paper to check the box culvert against various loads and alignment, 2 box cell culvert with 12 distinct cases have taken A1 to L1 having 4 sets of models of different S/H ratios 1.5, 1.75 and 2. In each sets, 4 combinations have taken of different skew angles viz. 0, 17, 34 and 51 degree respectively. After then these all 12 models have checked and efficient model under head of each degree and S/H noted. Finally, the result concluded that use skewness up to 17 degree with more S/H ratio to create an economic 2 cell box culvert.
A View on Recent Finishes in Textiles
Authors: Monisha A S , Rajeswari S. , Parasakthibala G. , Dhanalakshmi P.
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Finishing is the heart of textile processing. Finishing of textile fabric is carried out to increase attractiveness and serviceability of the fabric. Different finishing treatments are available to get various effects, which add value to the basic textile material. Processing is important to make it usable but finishing gives value addition and makes the garment attractive and comfortable. Finishing can incorporate desirable properties too. Fabric finishes are wet or dry treatments that complete a textile
VALIDITAS MEDIA E-MODUL PEMOGRAMAN BERORIENTASI OBJEK II BERBASIS PROBLEM BASED INSTRUCTION
Authors: Yunus Yuliawati
Published: September 2023

This research is motivated by the need for lecture media innovation and the use of e-module media by Object Oriented Programming Lecturers II in the Education of Informatics Engineering Study Program at Universitas Putra Indonesia "YPTK" Padang. The purpose of this study was to implement e-module learning media based on Problem Based Instruction (PBI) and find out the Practicality of PBI-based e-Modules in Object-Oriented Programming II Recovery. The research method used for this study is Research and Development with a 4D development model (Define, Design, Develop, and Dessiminate). To see the validity of e-modules, a Validity test was carried out. The population in this study were 5 lecturerts of Education of Informatics Enggineering Study Program, mulimedia, module expert and computer expert. The results of the PBI-based e-Module Validity test as a medium and learning resources of 90.4% can be interpreted Very Valid to Used.
Ikan Zebra (Danio rerio) sebagai Binatang Model pada Penelitian Biomedis dan Cara Pemeliharaannya
Authors: Khotimah Husnul , M. Muljohadi Al
Published: September 2023

Biomedical research requires suitable model organisms to be able to understand the pathogenesis of disease at the cellular and molecular level and the suitability of systems for the development and testing of new therapies. The choice of model organisms for biomedical research depends very much on the research objectives. Basically, the selection of model organisms is based on several aspects, namely: biological, technical and historical aspects. The general criteria for selecting model organisms are: small size, fast reproduction time, low and easy maintenance, easy experimental techniques, complete basic information. The development of research using animal models further leads to the level of genetic functional conservation in the basic processes of cell biology between mammals and invertebrates such as fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) and nematode worms (Caenorhabditis elegans). However, there are significant limitations between mammals and invertebrates, among others due to differences in organ systems and their development, so now widely used zebra fish (Danio rerio) as model organisms that bridge between invertebrates and vertebrates. In addition to these reasons there are several other scientific reasons that make zebra fish a superior organism model for biomedical research, namely: having a high homology with humans (75%), transparent embryos, high levels of fecundity, fast embryogenesis, relatively fast life span , procurement and maintenance is relatively inexpensive, complete basic information and genetic information (whole genome sequencing), has a cardiovascular system, nerves, immune system and digestive system similar to mammals, sensitive to environmental changes so that many bio-indicators are used for toxicity testing and testing and development drug.
Comparing Clock Test for Cognitive Screening: Quantitative Analysis of Five Scoring Methods – What Is Optimal?
Authors: Gea Pandhita  , Bambang Sutrisna  , Samekto Wibowo
Published: September 2023

Objectives: The clock drawing test (CDT) is a widely used cognitive screening tool that has been well accepted. However, it is still questionable which scoring system is the best. We assessed the correlation of five common scoring methods of the CDT with Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), and intercorrelations between each different scoring system.

Methods: CDT scores of different scoring systems from participants from the geriatric club in Pondok Kopi Jakarta Islamic Hospital, were compared. The CDT was scored according to the methods of Rouleau, Babins, Mendez, Lin, and Shulman. Correlation coefficients between the five scoring methods of the CDT with MMSE were calculated, as well as the intercorrelations between each different scoring system.

Results: The study sample consisted of 106 non-demented subjects, aged between 60 and 77 years. The five scoring methods of the CDT correlated significantly with MMSE, but correlation coefficients were moderate (r = 0.43 to r = 0.46). The highest was Lin's method (r = 0.46). Especially, correlation coefficients between the five scoring methods of the CDT with MMSE attention domain were higher (r = 0.42 to r = 0.52). The intercorrelations between each different scoring system were high (r = 0.87 to r = 0.99). The correlation coefficients between Rouleau's method with Mendez's method was the highest (r = 0.99).

Conclusions: The correlation of five common scoring methods of the CDT with MMSE were moderate positive. The CDT scored according to the method of Lin was the highest. The intercorrelations between each different scoring system were high.
Deep Vein Thrombosis: How do I Manage in Daily Practice
Authors: Sidhi Laksono
Published: September 2023

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is part of venous thromboembolism disease dan the incidence increases sharply with age. In European countries, DVT incidence is 70-140 cases/100,000 person-year. Patient with DVT, short-term mortality rates were 2-5% and more frequent in proximal than distal DVT. DVT is a common condition for complication such as post phlebitic syndrome, pulmonary embolism and death. An algorithm strategy combining pre-test probability, D-dimer testing and compressible Doppler ultrasound imaging can be applied for suspected lower extremity DVT. Patients with low pre-test probability and a negative D-dimer test result can be excluded from diagnosis of DVT without the need for Doppler ultrasound imaging. Primary treatment of DVT is anticoagulation therapy, intervention using thrombolysis and vena cava filters are for special conditions. The duration of anticoagulation therapy depends on the risk factors.
Peran Sel Punca dalam Pengobatan Regeneratif
Authors: Silmi Mariya
Published: September 2023

Penggunaan sel punca merupakan hal yang sangat menguntungkan bagi ilmu pengetahuan, bagaimana organisme dapat berkembang dari satu sel dan bagaimana sel yang sehat dapat mengganti kerusakan sel pada mahluk hidup. Hal yang menjanjikan ini membuat para peneliti mengembangkan lebih jauh kemungkinan pengobatan menggunakan sel punca, untuk suatu penyakit yang dikenal dengan pengobatan regeneratif. Sel punca mempunyai dua karakteristik penting, yang membedakan mereka dari jenis sel lainnya.
Analisis Kadar Nrf2 plasma Pada Tikus dengan Defisisensi Vitamin B12
Authors: Stujanna Endin Nokik , Ujianti Irena , Mustifah Etty Farida
Published: September 2023

Background. Vitamin B12 deficiency is a significant problem, particularly in developing countries. The increasing complexity of the Vitamin B12 molecule, the deficiency condition, causes a complex cell level disorder. The clinical manifestation of vitamin B12 deficiency is anemia, but it is believed that due to the complexity of vitamin B12, there are still other molecular disorders. This study aims to establish the pathway of damage caused by vitamin B12 deficiency in the Nrf2 molecule.

Methods. An animal experiment involving 12 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into control and 16-week treatment. There are two research groups, namely the control group and the treatment group. The control group was given a standard diet, while the treatment group was assigned a vitamin B12 deficiency diet. At the end of treatment, The levels of vitamin B12 in the liver tissue and plasma NRF2 were measured.

Statistical Analysis. Nrf2 and vitamin B12 levels were statistically analyzed using the Student's T-test, and the correlation between vitamin B12 and Hb was analyzed using the Spearmen test. Data that cannot use by Independent T-test were tested using the Mann Whitney test.

Results/Conclusion. There was no significant difference between the control and treatment groups on plasma Nrf2 levels (4.02 ± 0.59 pg/ml vs 3.34 ± 0.55 pg/ml; p = 0.07) and tissue vitamin B12 (0.0035 ± 0.0016 µg/ml vs 0.0030 ± 0.0006 µg/ml ; p = 0.8).

Keywords: Nrf2 Plasma, Defisiensi, Vitamin B12
Hipertensi Masa Kini dalam Perspektif Kesehatan Masyarakat
Authors: Lakhsmi Bety Semara , Yudyawati Annisa Intan
Published: September 2023

Hipertensi adalah penyakit yang didefinisikan sebagai peningkatan tekanan darah secara menetap. Seseorang dikatakan menderita hipertensi apabila tekanan darah sistol di atas 140 dan diastole di atas 90 mmHg. Hipertensi dibedakan menjadi dua macam, yaitu hipertensi primer (esensial) dan hipertensi sekunder. Hipertensi dipicu oleh beberapa faktor risiko, seperti seperti umur, jenis kelamin, riwayat keluarga, genetik (faktor risiko yang tidak dapat diubah/dikontrol), kebiasaan merokok, konsumsi garam, konsumsi lemak jenuh, penggunaan jelantah, kebiasaan konsumsi minum – minuman beralkohol, obesitas, kurang aktivitas fisik, stres, serta penggunaan estrogen.
Gambaran Hematologi pada Defisiensi Vitamin B12
Authors: Ujianti Irena
Published: September 2023

Background and Aims. Anemia is a condition when the number of red blood cells or hemoglobin is lower than the normal number. The main cause of anemia is a lack of factors for the formation and maturation of red blood cells. Vitamin B12 plays a role in the synthesis and maturation of red blood cells, a lack of this vitamin will cause the formation and maturation of red blood cells to be disrupted.

Method. This was an experimental animal study with twelve rats with frederer's family. The rat was fed a Vitamin B12 Deficient Diet for 16 weeks as the treatment group and standard diet as the control group. Vitamin B12 in the liver was analyzed in rats for 16 weeks. Hemoglobin and MCV were analyzed in plasma for 16 weeks. Results are expressed as means of control, and test animals were established by ANOVA using SPSS 20.0 software

Results. In the present study, we found that liver vitamin B12  level was decreased in treatments groups compares to the positive control group at sixteen weeks (p<0.01). Hemoglobin was decreased in the treatment group compare positive control group at sixteen weeks (p<0.001). Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) was increased in the treatment group's compare positive control group at sixteen weeks (p<0.01)

Conclusions. Our findings demonstrate that vitamin B12 deficiency decreased hemoglobin and increased MCV.
Difficulties Differentiating Between Basal Cell Carcinoma and Trichoepithelioma: A Case Report
Authors: Nurusshofa Zahra , Irena ujianti
Published: September 2023

Background. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of malignant skin tumor with basal cell differentiation. Trichoepithelioma (TE), however, is a rare benign skin tumor with follicular differentiation. Both types of tumor have commonalities in terms of clinical and histopathological features. Some cases, in fact, require ancillary studies to distinguish between the two. Confusing the two tumors may result in different future outcomes for the patient, due to their vastly different prognoses and treatments. This case report outlines two different cases, and discusses how to distinguish between the two types of tumor without the use of an ancillary study.Method. We examined the cases of one patient with basal cell carcinoma and one patient with trichoepithelioma, comparing their clinical manifestations and characteristic histological features.Results. Trichoepithelioma and BCC share several overlapping histopathological features. Trichoepithelioma and BCC share several overlapping histopathological features. The TE in this case report also exhibited a nodular pattern, connection to the epidermis, stromal cleft, and prominent nuclear palisading, which are more commonly found in BCC. However, scanty mitotic activity, the presence of non-atypia cells, and symmetry of the lesion, are favor TE.Conclusion. Differentiation between BCC and TE is only possible using cytomorphological assessment with a high-power field of view.
PENATALAKSANAAN KOMPREHENSIF LANSIA DENGAN PENURUNAN FUNGSI KOGNITIF DAN DEMENSIA
Authors: Pandhita S Gea , Laksmi Purwita W , Marfianti Erlina
Published: September 2023

Pasien Geriatri mempunyai karakteristik yang khusus, berbeda dengan karakteristik pasien pada golongan usia yang lain. Pasien geriatri antara lain ditandai dengan karakteristik memiliki multi-morbiditas atau multi-penyakit, kapasitas fisiologis yang menurun, manifestasi klinis penyakit yang tidak khas, status fungsional menurun, dan malnutrisi. Kondisi ini akan menimbulkan masalah kesehatan spesifik yang lazim ditemui pada pasien geriatri, yaitu: Frailty, Sarkopenia, Delirium, Jatuh, Gangguan Tidur, Dizziness, Syncope, Ulkus Dekubitus, Inkontinensia, dan Elder mistreatment. Beberapa masalah kesehatan yang sering dialami oleh pasien geriatri adalah Instability, Immobility, Infection, Incontinence, Intellectual impairment (Mild/Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Dementia), Impairment of hearing & vision, Impaction (konstipasi), Isolation (depresi), Inanition (malnutrisi), Impecunity (kemiskinan), Iatrogenic, Insomnia, Immune deficiency, dan Impotence. Berbagai syndrome geriatri ini saling berinteraksi secara kompleks. Oleh karena itu perlu pendekatan khusus dalam penilaian dan penatalaksanaan kasus geriatri,. Pendekatan ini sering dikenal sebagai Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA).
Kejadian Delirium pada Pasien Penderita Covid-19 dan Kemungkinan Perburukannya menjadi Gejala Demensia
Authors: Pandhita S Gea , Abdul Gofir
Published: September 2023

Delirium merupakan suatu sindrom neurobehavioral (perubahan perilaku terkait gangguan neurologis) yang disebabkan oleh gangguan sementara aktivitas neuron (sel saraf otak) sebagai akibat sekunder dari gangguan sistemik. Prevalensi delirium pada pasien yang dirawat inap di rumah sakit cukup tinggi. Kejadian delirium lebih tinggi pada pasien dengan kasus kritis dan pada pasien penderita Covid-19. Kejadian delirium pada pasien dengan kasus kritis yang dirawat di rumah sakit adalah sekitar 31,8%. Angka kejadian ini meningkat menjadi sekitar 55% pada penderita Covid-19. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat mekanisme patofisiologi delirium pada pasien penderita Covid-19 yang serupa dengan kejadian delirium pada pasien non-Covid-19. Bukti epidemiologi menunjukkan keterkaitan kejadian delirium pada pasien non-Covid-19 dengan kejadian demensia beberapa periode waktu setelahnya (Probabilitas sekitar 30%). Bukti radiologis dan patologi anatomi juga menunjukkan adanya proses patologis di otak akibat Covid-19 yang dapat mengakibatkan gangguan saraf otak ireversibel dan berkontribusi pada penurunan kognitif jangka panjang. Hal-hal tersebut menunjukkan kemungkinan besar dapat terjadi keterkaitan antara kejadian delirium yang dialami pasien penderita Covid-19 dengan kejadian demensia di masa mendatang.
Hubungan Tingginya Nilai ANC (Absolute Neutrophil Count) dengan Kejadian Apendisitis Akut dan Perforasi di RS Islam Jakarta Pondok Kopi Pada Tahun 2018-2020
Authors: Amalia Amirah , Hasan Fahad , Wahyuni Ira , El Anshori Mohamad Riza , Nurusshofa Zahra
Published: September 2023

Apendisitis adalah kejadian peradangan pada apendiks vermiformis. Penelitian ini melihat hubungan antara tingginya nilai Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) dengan kejadian apendisitis akut dan perforasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan desain analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara tingginya nilai ANC dengan kejadian apendisitis akut dan perforasi dengan nilai p value sebesar 0.000. Juga ditemukan cut off nilai ANC antara apendisitis akut dan perforasi sebesar 9053 sel/µL dengan sensitivitas sebesar 100% dan spesifisitas sebesar 72,6%. Hasil penelitian menyarankan bahwa penghitungan nilai ANC dapat digunakan sebagai pemeriksaan alternatif untuk penegakan diagnosis apendisitis, namun tidak dapat dijadikan sebagai satu-satunya tolak ukur untuk membedakan antara diagnosis apendisitis akut dan perforasi.
Chronic Limb Ischemia: Awareness and Treatment in Primary Care
Authors: Purwowiyoto Sidhi Laksono , Halomoan Reynaldo
Published: September 2023

Chronic limb ischemia (CLI) is a type of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) that is still underdiagnosed and undertreated despite the increasing incidence, thus becoming a global health burden. The prevalence of PAD is quite high, approximately around 200 million globally in the adult population and increased drastically in older age population. It might be difficult to diagnose at an early stage because around 20-50% patients may be asymptomatic. More than 70% of primary physicians also did not notice that the diagnosis was already established during screening of the PAD patients. All these problems could increase the incidence of PAD in the following year. The untreated conditions will develop into a more severe form of PAD known as chronic limb-threatening ischemia (or critical limb ischemia), and patients are at a higher risk of having limb loss, and also increased morbidity and mortality. The primary physicians in the primary health facilities hold an important role in the early diagnosis and management of patients with CLI symptoms or with risk factors of CLI. Due to the limitation of diagnostic testing modality at primary health facilities, the physician can assess the ankle-brachial index (ABI) to determine the presence of CLI. Management of the disease is different for every patient and is customized based on the other comorbidities. Risk factors should be controlled in order to achieve a better outcome. A good management strategy will improve the condition.  This review aims to describe how to give an early diagnosis and management for CLI patients in primary health care.
Korelasi Lama Menjalani Hemodialisis Dengan Kualitas Hidup Pada Penderita Nefropati Diabetik Di RS Dinda Tangerang Dalam Periode 3 Tahun
Authors: Nugraha Dhiki , Hasan Fahad , Gunawandjati Dedy , Purwowiyoto Sidhi Laksono , Stujana Endin Nokik , Hidayat Ahmad
Published: September 2023

Pendahuluan: Salah satu komplikasi mikrovaskular dari diabetes yaitu nefropati diabetik. Penderita nefropati diabetik yang menjalani hemodialisis membutuhkan waktu yang lama dan membutuhkan kepatuhan dalam mengobati komorbid yang mendasarinya. Hal ini akan memberikan stresor baik fisiologis maupun psikologis penderita yang akan mempengaruhi kualitas hidup. Tujuan penelitian ini menentukan korelasi antara lamanya menjalani terapi hemodialisis pada penderita nefropatik diabetik dengan kualitas hidup di RS Dinda Tangerang.
Metode: metode penelitian menggunakan analisis parametrik dengan metode pendekatan non parametrik. sampel penelitian ini menggunakan consecutive sampling yang melibatkan 40 penderita nefropati diabetik. data di analisis menggunakan korelasi spearman. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner KDQOL SF 1.3.
Hasil: berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan 23 penderita 57.5% yang menjalani hemodialisis 1- 3 tahun  dan 6 di antara nya penderita yang memiliki kualitas hidup kurang sebanyak 2 orang, dan yang memiliki kualitas hidup cukup  sebanyak 2 orang serta sebanyak  15 orang lainya memiliki kualitas hidup baik.
Simpulan: kesimpulan penelitian ini terdapat korelasi yang bermakna p=0,043 antara lama menjalani hemodialisis dengan kualitas hidup dengan nilai (r): 0.309 yang mana mengarah ke arah positif sehingga ketika penderita telah lama melakukan terapi hemodialisis maka semakin baik kualitas hidup dari penderita.
Epithelioid Glioblastoma in A 15-Year-Old Boy: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Pandey Dr.Poornima , Chawda Dr.Hanish Kumar , Shah Dr.Parth
Published: September 2023

Epithelioid glioblastoma (E-GBM), one of the rarest intrusive forms of Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), was consigned in the World Health Organization (WHO) categorization of the Central nervous system (CNS) in the year 2016. The current article reports a rare epithelioid glioblastoma described for its histomorphological character and clinical finding for its medical rarity. The present case deals with a 15-year-old boy complaining of headaches and multiple episodes of vomiting. The investigatory procedures revealed hypo-intense multiple lesions in the left medial frontal lobe extending to a Sylvian fissure. The case is being discussed to distinguish the development of secondary glioblastomas, which usually occur due to pre-existing lesions, which were not present in our discussed case. The patient had come from a rural background with no previous investigations, ophthalmological examination revealed the presence of bilateral papilledema, and the hematological reports were within normal range. The patient was managed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT), which depicted a multifocal tumor. Further left fronto temporal craniotomy and ablation of the lesion were done. The surgical procedure upshot divulged that the patient was conscious with improved right side weakness but a remnant motor aphasia, but within a short span, he could walk with support. The incidence of E-GBM that too in adolescent children is minuscule, and due to its poor prognosis, it's very crucial to acknowledge the attributable features of epithelioid glioblastoma, inclusive of functional outset, neuro-imaging, and the hazards of surgical measures.
Conceptual Study of TrividhChikitsa Karma in Shalya Tantra– A Review
Authors: Mavale Dr. Abhishek , Dasar Dr. Devyani
Published: September 2023

Ayurveda focuses on integrating and balancing the body, mind, and spirit rather than on specific illnesses. Shalyatantrais associated with the sage-physician Sushruta. Given the early stage of human history and the absence of any supporting body ofknowledge before his era, his concepts of anatomy, pathophysiology, and therapeutic approaches were incomparable. AcharyaSushruta has described the entire course of medical treatment in connection with a disease, which may be grouped under thesesubheadings as the initial steps (Purva Karma), the main therapeutical or surgical appliances (Pradhana-Karma), and the follow-upsteps (Paschat Karma) regardless of the surgical procedure. Surgery comprises the main action (operation) but also the care ofthe patient before and after the technique. Acharya Sushrut, regarded as the father of surgery in Ayurveda, chose these threeKarma solely and only for the benefit of patients who undergo any surgical procedure. In this article, we compare ancient andcontemporary surgical practices, contrasting prior articles or research that solely focused on particular Karma, upkramas, andspecific topics.In our article, we contrasted several old and contemporary strategies in a simple way for students to grasp.Thisarticle compares several parts of trividha karma with contemporary surgical techniques, demonstrating the relevance of ouracharyas' siddhanta even today.
Concept of Kshara and Its Sources in Ayurveda- A Critical Review
Authors: Soni Shreya , Asutkar Sheetal , Kumar Upadhyay Sandeep , Pundlik Kadav Amar
Published: September 2023

Kshara’ is related to ‘Paka’ (preparation) and ‘vidhi’ (application). Because of its superiority among the sharper andauxiliary instruments, caustic alkali performs excision, incision, and scarification, alleviating three doshas and being used forspecific functions. Among the para-surgical measures, all three- Agni (cauterization), Kshara (caustic alkali), and Jalauka (leeches)are important. Still, kshara is the chief because operations excision, incision, etc., cannot be performed by Agni and Jalauka. It isalso applied for specific purposes, such as in Arsha caused by Pitta. This article will be essential in containing from the smallest todeepest knowledge of Akshara, which is available in classics & articles in scattered forms. This study intends to gather allinformation related to Kshara and elaborate on their properties as mentioned in classics, especially in Sushruta Samhita andRasashashtra. The method followed here thoroughly analyzes Sushruta Samhita, its commentaries, and various research articlesthat surfed online. It is found that Sushruta Samhita explains full information regarding Kshara, types, indications, andcontraindications.In contrast, certain dravya, which are not explained as Kshara but possess Kshara properties, are also discussed.The research provides thorough literature & critical review of Kshara, its sources, and their properties which can benefit manydiseases in terms of application in different forms. In this study, the aim is to gather information about Kshara mentioned inclassics and articles. This study aims to collect information about Kshara from traditional and scholarly sources.
Search for Novel Antagonist/S of HIF-1α from Selected Synthetic Analgesics/ Bioactive Flavonoids: An In-Silico Approach
Authors: Saha Moumita , Rahman Rumana , Mukherjee Anisha , Ghosh Chandreyi , Chatterjee Sirshendu
Published: September 2023

Computer aided drug designing as well as drug repurposing implies the usage of molecular modelling techniques like analysis of the structures of receptor and ligand, molecular docking, pharmacokinetics and toxicity prediction, to explain the bioactivity of the synthetic molecules or plant secondary metabolites to design more efficient drug candidates or to repurpose an old drug in new diseases. Numerous studies have demonstrated that the low oxygen environment inside the cell is a key factor in developing breast cancer metastasis. To gain insight into the spread of breast cancer, hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), one of the master regulators of the hypoxic response, has been intensively explored. Our current research focuses on the insilico analysis and comparative study to evaluate the effects of different cancer drugs, analgesics, and plant-derived flavonoid compounds on HIF-1α regulation of breast cancer metastasis. According to the study, Quercetin shows the maximum binding affinity, i.e., -8.2 kcal/ mol. followed by Letrozole (-7.3 kcal/mol.), Naringenin (-7.11 kcal/mol), Tamoxifen (-7.07 kcal/mol), Phenacetin (-6.16 kcal/mol), and Aspirin (-5.7 kcal/mol). The study highlighted that Quercetin has the strongest binding affinity whereas Aspirin has the least binding affinity with HIF-1α protein. Hence the least toxic compound Quercetin can be a good candidate to control breast cancer metastasis by modulating the HIF-1 pathway.
Development and Validation of an Innovative Stability Indicating Method Using UVSpectroscopy Techniques for Ritonavir in Bulk Drug and Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms
Authors: Sai Venkata Nagendra Abhay Raj Gurram , Mondal Sumanta , Chakraborty Subhadip , Ghosh Moumita
Published: September 2023

Ritonavir is a protease inhibitor used to treat HIV/AIDS. It is seldom employed for its antiviral activity but instead as a booster for other protease inhibitors. Our study's significant objective is to develop a new, simple, accurate, precise, and reproducible UV spectrophotometric approach for investigation by apotheosis to analyze ritonavir. Three alternative simple, accurate, and precise UV spectrophotometric techniques-the, zero-order (method A), first-order (method B), and the area under the curve (method C) spectrophotometric methods have been established for the measurement of ritonavir in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage. The drug was dissolved in ethanol, and then 0.063 M Phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.0), and the observed λmax are 271 nm for the zero-order spectrophotometric method (method A), 258 nm for the first-order spectrophotometric method, 260–281 nm for the area under the curve spectrophotometric method (method C). Under the optimum conditions, linear relationships with good correlation coefficients 0.9994–0.9999 were found between the reading and the corresponding concentration of the drug in the range of 10-50 μg/ml. The proposed methods can detect the analyte in the lower limits of 0.24 to 0.38 μg/ml. The precision of the methods was satisfactory, and the percentage relative standard deviation values did not exceed 2%. The proposed methods were successfully applied to the analysis of ritonavir in its bulk and commercial formulations with good repeatability and reproducibility; the label claim percentages ranged from 99.56 to 99.64 ± (0.34-0.63) % w/v. The research findings of the current approach were shown to be more accurate and trustworthy for ritonavir in pharmaceutical dosage forms and bulk pharmaceuticals compared to those previously reported by the spectrophotometric approaches. The proposed techniques can be used for routine inspections without causing any interference from excipients or other substances because of the quick and repeatable analysis.
Phytochemical Screening, Spectroscopic & HPTLC Evaluation of Amalaki Formulation
Authors: B. Nigade Mr. Ganesh , N. Deodhar Dr. Meenakshi , S. Chavan Dr. Rajashree
Published: September 2023

Amalaki, i.e., Indian gooseberry, is a medicinal plant with rejuvenator, anti-aging, and adaptogenic properties. It has a significant amountof ascorbic acid, an essential nutrient for various biochemical and physiological processes in the body. Amalaki is used in different ayurvedicformulations like churna, juice, rasayan, chyavanaprash, dhatri lauha, dhatryadi ghrita, and Triphala churna. Even so, more work was needed toestablish quality control standards for Amalaki formulations. This is because the plant is considered safe, and there are few reports of adverseeffects. Therefore, there needs to be more incentive to conduct rigorous studies on the safety and efficacy of Amalaki formulations. Despite thislack of research, Amalaki is still widely used with few reported side effects, making it an attractive option for those seeking natural remedies. In thepresent study, the phytochemical screening & physical evaluation were carried out of Amalaki formulations. The study includes determiningorganoleptic characters, moisture contents, ash, extractive values, etc. Marketed amalaki formulations were extracted in the microwave usingsolvent methanol: water (70:30). UV-Vis spectrophotometer was used for quantitative phytochemical evaluation of extracts of amalakiformulations. Alkaloids, flavonoids, carbohydrates, phenols, and tannins were found in the qualitative phytochemical evaluation of amalakiformulations. Total phenolic, flavonoid, tannin, sugar, and reducing sugar content of extract of Amalaki formulation AMK I & AMK II was found tobe 114.11±0.035mg GAE/g & 116.12 ± 0.020 mg GAE/g, 29.15 ± 0.0029 mg QE/g & 29.75 ± 0.0020 mg QE/g, 4.50 ± 0.0085 mg CE/g & 4.70 ±0.0079 mg CE/g, 7.34 ± 0.0034 mg Glu/g & 7.44 ± 0.0043 mg Glu/g & 3.41 ± 0.0035 mg Glu/g & 3.65 ± 0.0031 mg Glu/g, respectively. The FT-IRspectra of the extract of amalaki formulations were recorded in the region 4000–400 cm−1. They confirmed the presence of the O-H, aromatic CHstarch, C=C & C-O groups. The rutin, ascorbic acid, gallic acid, & kaempferol concentrations in the extracts of amalaki formulation wereeffectively estimated using the HPTLC method for marketed amalaki formulations.
Actuar de Enfermería en el parto: dilemas del deber ser y hacer
Authors: Amézquita-Cárdenas Luisa Fernanda
Published: September 2023

El parto es un proceso natural, sin embargo las intervenciones medicalizadas e injustificadas hicieron que este proceso se patologizara y esa clase de actos hacen que el proceso del parto para las mujeres se conviertan en experiencias negativas, ya que, pasan por momentos donde se les vulnera su autonomía y protagonismo. Por lo que en este artículo se busca reflexionar sobre el parto humanizado desde la perspectiva de un estudiante durante sus prácticas formativas, además, de  tener en cuenta las filosofías y miradas antropológicas que marcan la pauta en el actuar del profesional, el biopoder del cuerpo de una mujer en labor de parto que es sometida al paternalismo de quienes la atienden. Por otro lado, cómo la infraestructura del lugar donde se atiende a las mujeres y la falta de habilidades como lo es la empatía en el profesional de salud son determinantes durante su atención y cómo impacta en la falta de humanización.
Conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas del uso de métodos anticonceptivos en mujeres en edad reproductiva.
Authors: Rojas-Rojas Laura Alejandra , Pinto-Rosas Erika Marlen , Quemba-Mesa Monica Paola
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: Determinar los conocimientos, las actitudes y las prácticas en el uso de métodos anticonceptivos en mujeres en edad reproductiva del barrio las Delicias de la ciudad de Duitama – Boyacá en el año 2021. Materiales y métodos: Estudio cuantitativo descriptivo – transversal, contando con una muestra calculada de 88 mujeres con muestreo a conveniencia, incluyendo a mujeres entre los 18 y 54 años, aplicando la encuesta validada “Conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas sobre los métodos anticonceptivos” y el análisis estadístico fue de tipo univariado por medio del Software SPPS versión 23.  Resultados: Las participantes tenían una edad promedio de 30.67 años (DE: 9,5), la mayoría tenía como estado civil ser soltera (48%; n: 43) y acudían a los programas de planificación familiar (71,6%; n: 63). Todas manifestaron conocer los métodos anticonceptivos (100%; n:88), sin embargo, el 40% (n:36) no tiene claridad sobre las reacciones adversas de la píldora; además el 43,1% (n:38) consideran que al usar el preservativo se disfruta menos de la relación sexual. En mujeres jóvenes predomina la preferencia de métodos de corta duración y hormonales, a diferencia de mujeres con mayor edad en donde predominaron los métodos larga duración o definitivos. Conclusiones: Los profesionales de la salud juegan un papel importante en la asesoría en planificación familiar al detectar las necesidades de la mujer, fortaleciendo la educación en derechos sexuales y reproductivos, para que esta población logre el disfrute de su vida sexual al adquirir una educación integral y con acceso a los métodos anticonceptivos.
Experiencias de cuidado hacia la persona con VIH/SIDA durante la formación en Enfermería.
Authors: Troche-Gutiérrez Ingrid Yolercy , Ferrer-Pérez Tania Alejandra
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: Comprender la vivencia del cuidado brindado a la persona que vive con VIH/SIDA durante la formación de pregrado en enfermería. Materiales y método: Estudio cualitativo, fenomenológico hermenéutico, en el que participaron 10 estudiantes del Programa de Enfermería. La información fue recolectada mediante entrevista semiestructurada, y el análisis siguió los planteamientos de Van Manen. Resultados: Emergieron 35 unidades de significado organizados en los siguientes 6 temas fenomenológicos: Construcciones sociales sobre el VIH/SIDA; Conocimientos sobre el VIH/SIDA; Espacios académicos para el aprendizaje teórico del VIH/SIDA; Vivencias relacionadas con el cuidado de la persona con VIH/SIDA durante las prácticas formativas; Sentimientos y emociones relacionados con el cuidado y atención al paciente con VIH/SIDA y Propuestas para el fomento de la sensibilización social y académica del cuidado en VIH/SIDA. Conclusiones: La vivencia del cuidado en VIH/SIDA, significa para los estudiantes un ejercicio de confrontación individual y colectiva frente a la deslegitimación de principios y convicciones transgeneracionales de la enfermedad, esboza además la necesidad imperante de consolidar escenarios educativos teórico-prácticos intra y extracurriculares para el abordaje del VIH, que contribuyan favorablemente en el ejercicio profesional de cuidado.
Proceso de toma de decisión de la vasectomía desde la teoría fundamentada
Authors: Izurieta-Soto Maribel , Rios-Isunza Zahida Aletsy , Gómez-Hernández Irvin Iván , García-Solano Beatriz
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: Describir el proceso en la toma de decisión para la aceptación o rechazo de la vasectomía desde la perspectiva de los hombres mexicanos. Materiales y método: Estudio cualitativo, exploratorio, con metodología en teoría fundamentada, la muestra fue de 17 hombres; la información se recolectó mediante entrevista semiestructurada, con un análisis artesanal. Resultados: La codificación inicial generó 130 códigos, se encontraron 58 códigos focales que dieron origen a 8 códigos axiales. La codificación teórica genero 3 códigos teóricos: alcance de la información; dualidad en la toma de decisión para la vasectomía; factores para la toma de decisión para la vasectomía. La categoría central denominada proceso para la toma de decisión para la aceptación o rechazo de la vasectomía. Discusión: Esta indagación da pauta a interrogantes que se enfoquen más al proceso en la toma de decisión de los hombres, para un mejor entendimiento de este proceso y eventualmente direccionar de mejor manera los programas de promoción de la vasectomía, las intervenciones de salud y políticas públicas acordes a la realidad que viven los hombres. Conclusión: Los hombres viven un proceso “complejo, lleno de altibajos” para poder tomar la decisión de realizarse la vasectomía o bien rechazarla.