bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Primera cita de Strigamia maritima (Leach, 1817) (Chilopoda, Geophilomorpha, Linotaeniidae) en España
Authors: Cabanillas David
Published: February 2020

En este informe se describe la primera cita de Strigamia maritima (Leach, 1817) en la península ibérica, encontrándose la especie en la ría del Eo localizada en el noroeste de Asturias (norte de España). Se comentan características morfológicas y ecológicas de S. maritima y se proporcionan claves de identificación ilustradas de las especies de Strigamia Gray, 1843 presentes en la península ibérica.
Le luxe de l’imitation
Authors: Mulliez Maud
Published: February 2020

L'art décoratif qui émerge à la fin de la République romaine sous la forme du trompe-l'œil architectural est fascinant par le niveau de technicité mis en œuvre pour représenter un espace tridimensionnel ; il frappe aussi par la richesse des couleurs et des matériaux feints distribués savamment à la surface des murs. La mimèsis y est une composante majeure : représenter l’architecture... certes, mais laquelle ? Inspirés à coup sûr de divers répertoires - décors de théâtre, édifices hellénistiques - les trompe-l'œil tardo-républicains puisent aussi dans l’univers sacré. En témoignent les marbres polychromes imités à profusion ainsi que la multiplication des matériaux précieux, bois rares, métaux brillants, ivoire, écaille de tortue, pierres précieuses, textiles lourds ou verre translucide qui contribuent aussi à conférer à ces décors une atmosphère de luxe et d'exotisme.

Suivant qu'ils sont destinés à un public de clientes, d'amici ou à la sphère privée, ces décors semblent marqués par une série de différenciations tant sur le choix de la composition à plusieurs plans de profondeur ou au contraire limitée à un relief minimal, que sur le choix des matériaux représentés. Leur analyse permet donc d'entrevoir une cartographie des tendances et de leur signification, offrant un premier niveau de lecture sociale de ces peintures. La présence de traces matérielles qu'elles portent, incrustées dans l'enduit ou visibles à la surface de la couche picturale, en offre un second : des marques d'outils, de gestes et de procédés picturaux. ou encore la distinction de plusieurs mains pour la réalisation d'un même motif nous informent sur les méthodes et l'organisation des artisans à l'œuvre.

C'est à l'analyse du langage imagé et du discours matériel de ces parois qu'est consacré ce livre.
Statuts vénitiens et paysage documentaire à Candie aux xiiie et xive siècles
Authors: Magnani Matteo
Published: February 2020

L’article se centre sur les rapports entre les Statuts produits et promulgués par Jacopo Tiepolo à Venise en 1242 et leur application à Candie, capitale de l’île de Crète et centre névralgique de l’empire maritime construit par la République de Saint Marc après la quatrième croisade. Les enjeux entre pratiques sociales et savoir juridique est abordé d’une façon nouvelle, à savoir à partir des interconnections entre les sources judiciaires produites à Candie et les normes des Statuts. L’un des objectifs de cet étude est direct à cerner le caractère communale d’une ville qui reflet et reproduise les expériences et l’articulation documentaire d’une commune italien au plain cœur de la Méditerranée orientale. Cet aspect nous permet également de joindre le premier axe du colloque centré sur les Statuts en rapports à d’autres documents produits par la commune. La production documentaire fondait les mesures sur lesquelles reposait la gouvernance vénitienne et reproduisait la structure des organismes délibérants. Il faut rappeler que la production des actes de la pratique correspond à un geste précis de gouvernement, à savoir la construction des modèles de références institutionnelles qu’il fallait imposer aux sujets. À partir des Statuts vénitiens notre parcours crétois nous amène à « mesurer la hiérarchie, la complémentarité et les conflits de normes entre statuts ». En outre, l’article vise à saisir le syncrétisme qui s’était produit entre expériences normatives différentes, à savoir entre la tradition législative byzantine et vénitienne d’un côté et leur emploi en justice.
Building a Digital Learning Culture by Rethinking Pedagogies for the 21st Century
Authors: Guven Ismail , Gulbahar Yasemin
Published: February 2020

The new digital learning culture requires teachers to evolve with a learner-centred mindset and to become digital teaching designers, mentors, facilitators, and evaluators who effectively integrate technology into the educational context. Moreover, the digital learning culture has also led to a change in the roles of teachers as digital classroom managers as well as computational-thinking designers. This chapter discusses the effective integration of technology in building a new digital learning culture by considering existing and emerging pedagogies, teaching methods, and learning activities. The discussion centres on how to effectively integrate technology and create a new digital learning culture framed according to the 2017 ISTE Standards for Educators, where teachers are expected to model learner, leader, citizen, collaborator, designer, facilitator, and analyst roles throughout their profession.
Low-Cost Videos for Learning Mathematics by Teaching
Authors: Caldeira Amélia , Lopes S. O. , Figueiredo Isabel Perdigão , Costa Alexandra R.
Published: February 2020

Technology plays an important role in everyday life and can be used in education. Video is a source of material that can play an important role in the teaching and learning field. Using videos engages students, aids student retention of knowledge, motivates interest in the subject matter, and illustrates the relevance of many concepts. In this chapter, the authors describe two teaching experiences involving videos, where the students made a video about solving a concrete mathematical problem. In this video, the students should explain the problem resolution to their colleagues (playing the role of teacher). The results of the impact of this kind of project in the students' motivation are also presented.
Modified TOPSIS Method With Banking Case Study
Authors: Taşabat Semra Erpolat , Özkan Tuğba Kıral
Published: February 2020

In this chapter, an alternative measure to Euclidean distance measurement is proposed which is used to calculate positive and negative ideal solutions in the traditional TOPSIS method. Lp Minkowski family and L1 family distance measures were used for this purpose. By taking the averages of the distance measurements in the Lq and L1 families, more general and accurate level units were tried to be obtained. Thus, it was shown that TOPSIS method can give different results according to the distance measure used. The importance of the distance measurement unit was emphasized to rank the alternatives correctly. The implementation and evaluation of the proposed method was carried out through the financial performance of the deposit bank operating in the Turkish Banking Sector. It was seen that the rankings of the alternatives changed according to the distance measurements used. By referring to the distance measurements that can be used in the TOPSIS method, it was shown that the rank of the alternatives can vary according to the preferred distance measure.
TOPSIS vs. VIKOR
Authors: Taşabat Semra Erpolat , Özkan Tuğba Kıral
Published: February 2020

Evaluating multiple criteria and selecting and/or ranking alternatives is called Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM). These methods which are considered important decision-making tools for decision makers due to their multidisciplinary nature have been developed over the years. As a result, there are many MCDM methods in the literature. In this chapter, TOPSIS and VIKOR, widely used in the literature, will be discussed. The major reason for examining these two methods is that the aggregating function used by both methods is similar because VIKOR method uses linear normalization and TOPSIS method uses vector normalization. The process of the methods is shown on a data set that includes the Human Development Index (HDI) indicators, which have been developed to measure the development levels of countries as well as the unemployment indicator. It was observed that the methods yielded similar results.
Co-Creation and the Factors That Influence a Consumer's Willingness to Co-Create Value
Authors: Boadi Portia Opoku , Liu Yijun , Karikari Ama Foriwaa , Sai Andrew Adjah
Published: February 2020

Co-creation has shifted from the traditional style of marketing, where companies see consumers as passive buyers and users, to the type where consumers are actively involved in product development as they buy and use the products they create. In this article, the authors emphasized that some factors which are the reasons why consumers of Starbucks engage in co-creation activities. Consequently, the primary purpose of this study was to find out what motivates a consumer to engage in co-creation activities. The hypotheses were tested using data collected from 250 experienced online consumers of Starbucks. The results showed that consumers are most willing to co-create when they benefit from the process of doing so and as a way of sharing their experience with others. Notwithstanding, they are very much concerned about how companies use their personal information.
Critical Omni-Channel Service Elements Affecting Satisfaction and Loyalty
Authors: Koo Wanmo
Published: February 2020

To meet the expectations of recent consumers who use multiple channels for different purposes throughout their shopping journey, omni-channel retailers try to offer additional services that provide consumers with a seamlessly connected shopping experience across multiple channels. After identifying omni-channel services, the study finds three core omni-channel services (i.e., shipping from store, integrated branding, and social media operation) that affect loyalty via satisfaction. Omni-channel retailers can prioritize their investment based on the results. Specific ways to improve the core omni-channel services are also discussed.
The Influence of Career Adaptability and Career Commitment to Minimize Intention to Leave Among ICT Professionals
Authors: Omar Safiah , Tajudeen Farzana Parveen
Published: February 2020

This research measures career adaptability among Malaysian ICT professionals using career adapt-abilities scale (CAAS). Career adaptability were analyzed for direct relationships with career commitment and intention to leave. Career commitment was also tested as mediator between career adaptability and intention to leave. Samples consist of 393 ICT professionals and data was analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The results showed that career adaptability has positive influence on career commitment and negative influence on intention to leave. Career commitment was negatively related to intention to leave and it mediates the relationship between career adaptability and intention to leave. In conclusions, intention to leave among Malaysian ICT professionals are due to their career adaptability and career commitment.
Tackling Uncertainty in the Bio-Based Economy
Authors: Falcone Pasquale Marcello , Imbert Enrica
Published: February 2020

There is a clear overall consensus among international institutions and governments on the need to scale down the reliance of the global economy on fossil fuels. Yet, a sustainable transition from a long-established regime based on rooted production and consumption models, requires tackling a wide array of challenges. Indeed, the transition towards a bio-based economy is still characterized by a high degree of complexity and uncertainty. Managing complexity and accounting for uncertainty entails appropriate and multidisciplinary tools. In this regard, sustainability certifications, standards and labels can play a pivotal role in navigating this transition, creating the conditions to ensure a level playing field between bio-based and conventional products.
Automation of Detection and Fault Management Response of Common Last-Mile Loss-Of-Connectivity Outages Within the Access Network
Authors: Scribbins Alban , Curran Kevin
Published: February 2020

The article to assesses whether it may be possible to recommend a solution to enable automation of the process of detection and fault management of common conclusive loss-of-connectivity last-mile outages, within the access network. To ascertain the utility of the research, UK based MPLS VPN managed service providers, their fault management staff and their business customers, were surveyed using online questionnaires for their views. UK public Internet users were additionally surveyed via five UK Internet forums. UK communication providers offering MPLS VPN solutions were characterised. Access network connectivity technologies and fault management functions were compared, contrasted and analysed. An aspiration for the solution to be beneficial to the largest potential population, meant that current non-proprietary Internet Standard technologies were selected, justified and identified which could be recommended for use. It was found that of the participating survey respondents, two-thirds were in favour of automation. Many current communication provider processes were found to be mostly automated. The article concludes with recommendations of how an automated solution could potentially be enabled. This involves further use of business-to-business interfacing between communication providers, automation of their Fault Management Systems and introducing Bi-Directional forwarding for detection between last-mile active network elements.
SZ-GESA
Authors: Mohamed Benyagoub , Slami Saadi , Hafaifa Ahmed
Published: February 2020

In this article, advanced tools are provided to steppe specialists to guide them in choosing the integrated development policies for steppe and pastoral zones. To this end, the use of adapted mobile wireless sensor networks (WSN) is proposed. Thus, a distributed and localized protocol dealing with the self-deployment problem resulting from mobile sensor random deployment is presented, on a steppe rangeland. This scheme entirely based on a geometric approach dealing with geodesy and steppe zones characteristics, allows mobile sensors moving to optimal positions on these study rangelands. The Geodesic Efficient Self-Deployment Algorithm in Steppe Zones (sz-GESA), so called, in its approach to solve the self-deployment problem for a given geographical rangelands type, showed during simulations a great robustness for the WSN adapted to this kind of zones by allowing optimization of the coverage and to idealize the connectivity. Obtained results are very encouraging and let us think for more research enhancing this developed system more efficiently.
Intuitionistic Fuzzy Decision Making Towards Efficient Team Selection in Global Software Development
Authors: Goyal Mukta , Gupta Chetna
Published: February 2020

For successful completion of any software project, an efficient team is needed. This task becomes more challenging when the project is to be completed under global software development umbrella. The manual selection of team members based on some expert judgment may lead to inappropriate selection. In reality, there are hundreds of employees in an organization and a single expert may be biased towards any member. Thus, there is a need to adopt methods which consider multiple selection criteria with multiple expert views for making appropriate selection. This article uses an intuitionistic fuzzy approach to handle uncertainty in the expert's decision in multicriteria group decision making process and ranking among the finite team members. An intuitionistic fuzzy Muirhead Mean (IFMM) is used to aggregate the intuitionistic criteria's. To gain confidence between criteria and expert score relationship, the Annova test is performed. The results are promising with p value as small as 0.02 and one-tail t-test score equals to 0.0000002.
High-Throughput Identification of MHC Class I Binding Peptides Using an Ultradense Peptide Array
Authors: Haj Amelia K. , Breitbach Meghan E. , Baker David A. , Mohns Mariel S. , Moreno Gage K. , Wilson Nancy A. , Lyamichev Victor , Patel Jigar , Weisgrau Kim L. , Dudley Dawn M. , O’Connor David H.
Published: February 2020

Rational vaccine development and evaluation requires identifying and measuring the magnitude of epitope-specific CD8 T cell responses. However, conventional CD8 T cell epitope discovery methods are labor intensive and do not scale well. In this study, we accelerate this process by using an ultradense peptide array as a high-throughput tool for screening peptides to identify putative novel epitopes. In a single experiment, we directly assess the binding of four common Indian rhesus macaque MHC class I molecules (Mamu-A1*001, -A1*002, -B*008, and -B*017) to ∼61,000 8-mer, 9-mer, and 10-mer peptides derived from the full proteomes of 82 SIV and simian HIV isolates. Many epitope-specific CD8 T cell responses restricted by these four MHC molecules have already been identified in SIVmac239, providing an ideal dataset for validating the array; up to 64% of these known epitopes are found in the top 192 SIVmac239 peptides with the most intense MHC binding signals in our experiment. To assess whether the peptide array identified putative novel CD8 T cell epitopes, we validated the method by IFN-γ ELISPOT assay and found three novel peptides that induced CD8 T cell responses in at least two Mamu-A1*001–positive animals; two of these were validated by ex vivo tetramer staining. This high-throughput identification of peptides that bind class I MHC will enable more efficient CD8 T cell response profiling for vaccine development, particularly for pathogens with complex proteomes for which few epitope-specific responses have been defined.
GCNT1-Mediated O-Glycosylation of the Sialomucin CD43 Is a Sensitive Indicator of Notch Signaling in Activated T Cells
Authors: Perkey Eric , Maurice De Sousa Dave , Carrington Léolène , Chung Jooho , Dils Alexander , Granadier David , Koch Ute , Radtke Freddy , Ludewig Burkhard , Blazar Bruce R. , Siebel Christian W. , Brennan Todd V. , Nolz Jeffrey , Labrecque Nathalie , Maillard Ivan
Published: February 2020

Notch signaling is emerging as a critical regulator of T cell activation and function. However, there is no reliable cell surface indicator of Notch signaling across activated T cell subsets. In this study, we show that Notch signals induce upregulated expression of the Gcnt1 glycosyltransferase gene in T cells mediating graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in mice. To determine if Gcnt1-mediated O-glycosylation could be used as a Notch signaling reporter, we quantified the core-2 O-glycoform of CD43 in multiple T cell subsets during graft-versus-host disease. Pharmacological blockade of Delta-like Notch ligands abrogated core-2 O-glycosylation in a dose-dependent manner after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, both in donor-derived CD4+ and CD8+ effector T cells and in Foxp3+ regulatory T cells. CD43 core-2 O-glycosylation depended on cell-intrinsic canonical Notch signals and identified CD4+ and CD8+ T cells with high cytokine-producing ability. Gcnt1-deficient T cells still drove lethal alloreactivity, showing that core-2 O-glycosylation predicted, but did not cause, Notch-dependent T cell pathogenicity. Using core-2 O-glycosylation as a marker of Notch signaling, we identified Ccl19-Cre+ fibroblastic stromal cells as critical sources of Delta-like ligands in graft-versus-host responses irrespective of conditioning intensity. Core-2 O-glycosylation also reported Notch signaling in CD8+ T cell responses to dendritic cell immunization, Listeria infection, and viral infection. Thus, we uncovered a role for Notch in controlling core-2 O-glycosylation and identified a cell surface marker to quantify Notch signals in multiple immunological contexts. Our findings will help refine our understanding of the regulation, cellular source, and timing of Notch signals in T cell immunity.
Sharp Adams–Moser–Trudinger type inequalities in the hyperbolic space
Authors: Ngô Quốc Anh , Nguyen Van Hoang
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this paper is to establish some Adams–Moser–Trudinger inequalities, which are the borderline cases of the Sobolev embedding, in the hyperbolic space

\mathbb H^n

. First, we prove a sharp Adams’ inequality of order two with the exact growth condition in

\mathbb H^n

. Then we use it to derive a sharp Adams-type inequality and an Adachi–Tanakat-ype inequality. We also prove a sharp Adams-type inequality with Navier boundary condition on any bounded domain of

\mathbb H^n

, which generalizes the result of Tarsi to the setting of hyperbolic spaces. Finally, we establish a Lions-type lemma and an improved Adams-type inequality in the spirit of Lions in

\mathbb H^n

. Our proofs rely on the symmetrization method extended to hyperbolic spaces.
Anonimato e transparência: qual o futuro da avaliação cega por pares?
Authors: Varella Flávia Florentino
Published: February 2020

.
Effect of intrathecal morphine before and after laminectomy on intraoperative surgical stress response and post-operative pain: A prospective randomized study
Authors: Omara, MD Amany Faheem Abd El Salam , Amer, MD Asmaa Fawzy
Published: February 2020

Study objective: Intrathecal administration of morphine.Design: A prospective, randomized, controlled study.Setting: Operating room.Patients: Ninety patients of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical statuses I and II undergoing lumbar laminectomy.Interventions: Pre-emptive versus post-operative intrathecal morphine injection, compared to a control group.Main outcome: The visual analog score at the time of discharge and 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 18, and 24 h later, serum cortisol level, the number of patients needing post-operative rescue analgesia, its duration, and the total amount required. Main results: Morphine sulfate consumption as rescue analgesia over 24-h postoperatively was significantly higher in general anesthesia group (Group I) than in pre-emptive intrathecal morphine groups (Group II) [p = 0.001] and then postoperative intrathecal morphine group (Group III) [p = 0.001], and it was higher in Group III than Group II [p = 0.001]. There was a greater need for post-operative rescue morphine in general anesthesia group (Group I) than in the other two groups, and it was greater in post-operative intrathecal morphine group (Group III) than in pre-emptive intrathecal morphine group (Group II). At 30 min after surgical incisions and at 1 and 24 h after surgery, serum cortisol levels were significantly higher in general anesthesia group (Group I) [p = 0.001] and in post-operative intrathecal morphine group (Group III) [p = 0.001] than in pre-emptive intrathecal morphine groups (Group II), with no significant difference between general anesthesia group (Group I) and post-operative intrathecal morphine group (Group III) [p = 0.704, 0.263, and 0.943, respectively].Conclusion: Pre-emptive intrathecal morphine analgesia is an effective technique for controlling surgical stress response and post-lumbar laminectomy pain.
Harnessing endogenous opioids for pain relief: Fantasy vs reality
Authors: Gintzler, PhD Alan R. , Liu, MD, PhD Nai-Jiang
Published: February 2020

Objective: To review evidence demonstrating efficacy and feasibility of harnessing the activity of endogenous opioid analgesic systems for pain management.Methods: The authors sought to summarize a wealth of data that establish proof of concept that the analgesic activity of endogenous opioids can be exploited to clinically benefit from the enormous pain-relieving abilities of these peptides without contributing to the current crisis of death by synthetic opioid overdose.Results: There is a plethora of studies demonstrating that not only can endogenous opioids mediate placebo-induced antinociception but they are also active in modulating clinical pain. Earlier studies convincingly demonstrate the effectiveness of psychological strategies to coopt endogenous opioid analgesic systems to produce pain relief. The challenge is to define pharmacological targets for activating endogenous opioid analgesia reliably in a clinical setting. Based on insights gleaned from mechanisms underlying the ebb and flow of analgesic responsiveness to the spinal application of endomorphin 2, multiple signaling proteins were identified that activate endogenous spinal opioid analgesia. Notably, this was achieved in the absence of any exogenous synthetic opioid.Conclusions: Utilization of drugs that harness endogenous opioid antinociception in accordance with varying physiological states represents a novel approach for effective pain management while mitigating the present epidemic of death by synthetic opioid overdose.
Predictors of obstacle course racing performance
Authors: Titus Weston , Armenta Richard F. , Schubert Matthew M.
Published: February 2020

Purpose

Obstacle course racing (OCR) has become a popular recreational activity in the recent 10 years, with more than 8.5 million participants. Despite the popularity, little is known about predictors of performance in OCR; research to date has focused on injury prevalence. The purpose of this study was to conduct laboratory and field tests of athletic performance in OCR athletes and examine their relationships to performance in simulated OCR.

Methods

Overall, 32 men and women (mean ± standard deviation age: 42 ± 10 years; OCR experience: 2.8 ± 2.3 years) completed laboratory testing for maximal oxygen uptake, anaerobic power (Wingate), vertical jump, flexibility, and body composition. Additional field tests were performed for 400-meter and 1-mile running time, muscle strength (back squats and deadlifts), and endurance (bucket carry for distance), grip strength, and burpees. The participants also completed a 3-mile simulated OCR. Independent t-tests examined differences between sex, and bivariate regressions were conducted between testing variables and OCR performance.

Results

For the combined sample, the best individual predictors were mean relative power from the Wingate tests (β ± standard error [SE]: –6.47 ± 1.12) and mile-run time (β ± SE: 6.43 ± 0.71). Multivariable analysis controlling for age, sex, and mile-run time found an independent association between bucket carry for distance and race time (β ± SE: –0.04 ± 0.01), but mile-run time was still the best predictor (β ± SE: 6.33 ± 0.97).

Conclusions

Data from the study suggest that aerobic and anaerobic fitness have important contributions to OCR success.
Assessment of extreme flows and uncertainty under climate change: disentangling the contribution of RCPs, GCMs and internal climate variability
Authors: Gao Chao , Booij Martijn J. , Xu Yue-Ping
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Projections of streamflow, particularly of extreme flows under climate change are essential for future water resources management and development of adaptation strategies to floods and droughts. However, these projections are subject to uncertainties originating from different sources. In this study, we explore the possible changes in future streamflow, particularly for high and low flows, under climate change in the Qu River basin, East China. ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) is employed to quantify the contribution of different uncertainty sources from RCPs (Representative Concentration Pathways), GCMs (Global Climate Models) and internal climate variability, using an ensemble of four RCP scenarios, nine GCMs and 1,000 simulated realizations of each model-scenario combination by SDRM-MCREM (a stochastic daily rainfall model coupling a Markov chain model with a rainfall event model). The results show that annual mean flow and high flows are projected to increase and low flows will probably decrease in 2041–2070 (2050s) and 2071–2100 (2080s) relative to the historical period 1971–2000, suggesting a higher risk of floods and droughts in the future in the Qu River basin, especially for the late 21st century. Uncertainty in mean flows is mostly attributed to GCM uncertainty. For high flows and low flows, internal climate variability and GCM uncertainty are two major uncertainty sources for the 2050s and 2080s, while for the 2080s, the effect of RCP uncertainty is becoming more pronounced, particularly for low flows. The findings in this study can help water managers to get a better knowledge and understanding of streamflow projections and support decision making on adaptions to changing climate under uncertainty in the Qu River basin.
ANALYSIS OF LANDSLIDE REACTIVATION USING SATELLITE DATA: A CASE STUDY OF KOTRUPI LANDSLIDE, MANDI, HIMACHAL PRADESH, INDIA
Authors: Singh N. , Gupta S. K. , Shukla D. P.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Landslide is a global natural hazard that occurs frequently in the areas of incompetent weak rocks, undulating topography, steep slopes and incessant rainfall. In the night of 12 August 2017, a massive landslide took place at Kotrupi, Mandi district, Himachal Pradesh, India. The slide was so huge that it eroded more than 300-meter stretch of NH-154 killing over 50 people with more than 40 missing. Local residents report that this area has always been unstable where small landslides had occurred in the past. The landslide scar could be seen on the past satellite images from December 2001 to March 2017 on Google Earth. A huge landslide occurred at this location on 13 August 1977. After two decades on 13 August 1997, the landslide reactivated and some part of the slope failed, which can be seen on satellite images of the year 2001. The landslide reactivated again on 13 August 2007, but not much attention was given to it, as it was a small event and did not affect much. Again, after a decade, in the night of 12 August 2017 this landslide was reactivated. There is the possibility of reoccurrence of slope instability from upper reaches of the crown area of the main slide complex as well as the debris, which have been already accumulated on hill and valley side. Based on the geological, geotechnical and geophysical investigations the site stability can be done but its monitoring from satellite provides the information for its future preventive measures.
REFINEMENT OF CROPLAND DATA LAYER USING MACHINE LEARNING
Authors: Zhang C. , Yang Z. , Di L. , Lin L. , Hao P.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. As the most widely used crop-specific land use data, the Cropland Data Layer (CDL) product covers the entire Contiguous United States (CONUS) at 30-meter spatial resolution with very high accuracy up to 95% for major crop types (i.e., Corn, Soybean) in major crop area. However, the quality of early-year CDL products were not as good as the recent ones. There are many erroneous pixels in the early-year CDL product due to the cloud cover of the original Landsat images, which affect many follow-on researches and applications. To address this issue, we explore the feasibility of using machine learning technology to refine and correct misclassified pixels in the historical CDLs in this study. An end-to-end deep learning-based framework for restoration of misclassified pixels in CDL image is developed and tested. By feeding the CDL time series into the artificial neural network, a crop sequence model is trained and the misclassified pixels in an original CDL map can be restored. In the experiment with the 2005 CDL data of the State of Illinois, the misclassified pixels over Agricultural Statistics Districts (ASD) #1760 were corrected with a reasonable accuracy (> 85%). The findings suggest that the proposed method provides a low-cost and reliable way to refine the historical CDL data, which can be potentially scaled up to the entire CONUS.
Structural and climate drivers of the historic Masiere di Vedana rock avalanche (Belluno Dolomites, NE Italy)
Authors: Rossato Sandro , Ivy-Ochs Susan , Martin Silvana , Viganò Alfio , Vockenhuber Christof , Rigo Manuel , Monegato Giovanni , De Zorzi Marco , Surian Nicola , Campedel Paolo , Mozzi Paolo
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The “Masiere di Vedana” rock avalanche, located in the Belluno Dolomites (NE Italy) at the foot of the Mt. Peron, is re-interpreted as Historic on the base of archaeological information and cosmogenic 36Cl exposure dates. The deposit is 9 km2 wide, has a volume of ~ 170 Mm3 correspondings to a pre-detachment rock mass of ~ 130 Mm3, and a maximum runout distance of 6 km and an H / L ratio of ~ 0.2. Differential velocities of the rock avalanche moving radially over different topography and path-material lead to the formation of specific landforms (tomas and compressional ridges). In the Mt. Peron crown the bedding is subvertical and includes carbonate lithologies from lower Jurassic (Calcari Grigi Group) to Cretaceous (Maiolica) in age. The proximal deposit is made of Calcari Grigi Group limestone, the distal deposit comprises upper Jurassic limestones (Fonzaso Formation, Rosso Ammonitico, and Maiolica), while the middle Jurassic Vajont Limestone dominates the central sector of the deposit. In the release area the bedding, the SSE-vergent frontal thrust planes, the NW-vergent backthrust planes, the NW-SE fracture planes, and the N-S Jurassic fault planes controlled the failure and enhanced the rock mass fragmentation. Cosmogenic 36Cl exposure ages, mean 1.90 ± 0.45 ka, indicate failure occurred between 340 BC and 560 AD. Although abundant Roman remains were found in sites surrounding the rock avalanche deposit, none was found within the deposit, and this is consistent with a Late Roman or early Middle Age failure. Seismic and climatic drivers are discussed. Over the last few hundred years, earthquakes up to Mw 6.3 including that at 365 AD, affected the Belluno area. Early in the first millennium, periods of climate worsening with increasing rainfall are known in the NE Alps. The combination of climate and earthquakes induced progressive long-term damage to the rock. The present Mt. Peron crown shows hundreds of meters-high rock prisms bound by backwall trenches, suggesting a potential landslide hazard for the whole mountain belt north of Belluno affected by the same structural characteristics.
Glacial-cycle simulations of the Antarctic Ice Sheet with the Parallel Ice Sheet Model (PISM) – Part 1: Boundary conditions and climatic forcing
Authors: Albrecht Torsten , Winkelmann Ricarda , Levermann Anders
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Simulations of the glacial–interglacial history of the Antarctic Ice Sheet provide insights into dynamic threshold behavior and estimates of the ice sheet's contributions to global sea-level changes for the past, present and future. However, boundary conditions are weakly constrained, in particular at the interface of the ice sheet and the bedrock. Also climatic forcing covering the last glacial cycles is uncertain, as it is based on sparse proxy data. We use the Parallel Ice Sheet Model (PISM) to investigate the dynamic effects of different choices of input data, e.g., for modern basal heat flux or reconstructions of past changes of sea level and surface temperature. As computational resources are limited, glacial-cycle simulations are performed using a comparably coarse model grid of 16 km and various parameterizations, e.g., for basal sliding, iceberg calving, or for past variations in precipitation and ocean temperatures. In this study we evaluate the model's transient sensitivity to corresponding parameter choices and to different boundary conditions over the last two glacial cycles and provide estimates of involved uncertainties. We also discuss isolated and combined effects of climate and sea-level forcing. Hence, this study serves as a “cookbook” for the growing community of PISM users and paleo-ice sheet modelers in general. For each of the different model uncertainties with regard to climatic forcing, ice and Earth dynamics, and basal processes, we select one representative model parameter that captures relevant uncertainties and motivates corresponding parameter ranges that bound the observed ice volume at present. The four selected parameters are systematically varied in a parameter ensemble analysis, which is described in a companion paper.
Brief communication: Mapping Greenland’s perennial firn aquifers using enhanced- resolution L-band brightness temperature image time series
Authors: Miller Julie Z. , Long David G. , Jezek Kenneth .C , Johnson Joel T. , Brodzik Mary J. , Shuman Christopher A. , Koenig Lora S. , Scambos Theodore Allan
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Enhanced-resolution L-band brightness temperature (TB) image time series collected over the Greenland ice sheet by NASA’s Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) satellite are used to map Greenland’s perennial firn aquifers from space. Exponentially decreasing L-band TB signatures are correlated with perennial firn aquifer areas identified via the Center for Remote Sensing of Ice Sheets (CReSIS) Multi-Channel Coherent Radar Depth Sounder (MCoRDS) flown by NASA’s Operation IceBridge (OIB) campaign. An empirical algorithm to map extent is developed by fitting these signatures to a set of sigmoidal curves. During the spring of 2016, perennial firn aquifer areas are found to extend over ~66,000 km2.
Reimagining Harrisburg's Old Eighth Ward Through Poetry
Authors: Corey Jean Thompson
Published: February 2020

This article discusses how poetry helped a digital history project go public. In the spring of 2018 Messiah College's Center for Public Humanities began hosting poetry workshops for Harrisburg middle school students that focused on the vanished community of the Old Eighth Ward. With the help of the 1910 federal census data accessible through the Digital Harrisburg website, students engaged this little-known history of their hometown through field trips followed by poetry workshops. As students imagined the world through the lens of a person in the Old Eighth Ward, they drew on their own experiences and imagination. Published and performed for diverse audiences in different venues, these poems invite a wider public to rethink the City Beautiful movement as they reimagine the once vibrant community.
DECLÍNIO COGNITIVO COMO FATOR DE RISCO PARA INFECÇÃO DO TRATO URINÁRIO EM IDOSOS INSTITUCIONALIZADOS
Authors: Ribeiro Ingrid Araújo , Da Silva João  Luis Almeida , Barbosa Dulce Aparecida Aparecida
Published: February 2020

Introdução: as doenças crônicas não transmissíveis são as mais prevalentes entre os idosos; porém a fragilização por doenças infecciosas constitui importante intercorrência clínica, motivo de internações e óbito. Entre as mais comuns está a do trato urinário, pois os idosos estão propensos à presença de vários fatores de risco, entre eles, a institucionalização, idade avança e declínio cognitivo (ARAUJO, 2011; ANDRADE et al, 2017). Objetivo: avaliar o declínio cognitivo de idosos institucionalizados e sua associação com Infecção do Trato Urinário (ITU). Métodos: estudo transversal, recorte do Projeto: Avaliação do Impacto de Intervenção Educacional na Prevalência de Infecção do Trato Urinário em Idosos Institucionalizados; CEP-UESC nº. 1.050.366. População:116 idosos institucionalizados, período: junho a dezembro de 2017. Avaliação: resultados de urocultura e aplicação do Mini Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM). Resultados: maioria com 80 anos ou mais (36,2 %); sexo feminino (65,52%); 84,79% com grau de comprometimento cognitivo (65,52% grave); MEEM médio: 12,45/30 pontos; 88,6% analfabetos. Regressão logística e testes estatísticos demonstraram significância entre tempo de estudo e déficit cognitivo (p value < 0,001), mas não houve associação de declínio cognitivo com ITU (p value = 0,55). Conclusão: quanto menor a instrução educacional maior o risco de declínio cognitivo, corroborando com a literatura (ANDRADE et al, 2017; MELO e BARBOSA, 2015). No contexto estudado, déficit cognitivo não se apresentou como fator de risco para ITU, sugerindo mais estudos com associação a outros fatores integrados. A utilização do MEEM possibilitou traçar metas e estratégias para uma melhor assistência à população idosa no intuito de reduzir a progressão da perda cognitiva e encaminhamentos de casos à avaliação neurológica.
DOENÇAS CRÔNICAS NÃO TRANSMISSÍVEIS E LIMITAÇÕES EM IDOSOS
Authors: Ianiski Valéria Baccarin , Cunha Luciana De Almeida da
Published: February 2020

INTRODUÇÃO: As doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT) são hoje a maior epidemia em saúde pública já vista, comprometendo a expectativa e qualidade de vida dos idosos¹. OBJETIVO: Descrever a proporção de idosos que tem diagnóstico de alguma DCNT e consequentemente limitações por esta causa. MÉTODO: Estudo descritivo de busca eletrônica de dados realizada através dos termos doenças crônicas e idoso no Sistema de Indicadores de Saúde e Acompanhamento de Políticas do Idoso (SISAP-idoso). A presença de DCNT, esta relacionada à proporção de idosos que referem ter recebido diagnóstico de DCNT e a presença de limitações, se caracteriza pela referência deles de ter alguma limitação provocada por DCNT. Os dados são oriundos da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde, 2013. RESULTADOS: A proporção de idosos com DCNT no país é de 76,3%, sendo a maior proporção, 80,1%, encontrada nas mulheres. Dentre as regiões, foi observada maior proporção de DCNT na região Sul (81,8%) e também em ambos os gêneros (homens:79,3%; mulheres:83,7%). O estado de Santa Catarina apresenta a maior proporção de idosos com DCNT (83,7%). No Brasil, a proporção de idosos com limitação por DCNT é de 45,4%, sendo mais observada em mulheres, 47,6%. Frente as regiões, a região Sul assume mais da metade (51%) dos idosos com limitação por DCNT, sendo também observadas as maiores proporções com relação aos gêneros (homens:48,4%; mulheres:52,9%). O Rio Grande do Sul é o estado com mais limitações por DCNT (53,1%). CONCLUSÃO: A região Sul é a mais afetada pelas DCNT. As mulheres apresentam mais DCNT e também limitações provocadas pelas mesmas tanto em nível de país como de regiões.
PERFIL DO USO DE MEDICAMENTOS POR IDOSOS DA ESTRATÉGIA SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA DE PORTO ALEGRE
Authors: De Andrade Camila Pereira , Engroff Paula , Sgnaolin Vanessa , Terra Newton Luiz , Neto Alfredo Cataldo
Published: February 2020

Introdução: O envelhecimento pode causar diversos agravos à saúde do idosos, elevando o consumo de medicamentos.1 O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o perfil farmacológico dos idosos atendidos pela Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF). Métodos: Estudo transversal, coletado de forma prospectiva em uma amostra aleatória da população idosa cadastrada na ESF de Porto Alegre/RS. Esta pesquisa fez parte do Estudo Epidemiológico e Clínico dos Idosos atendidos pela Estratégia Saúde da Família do município de Porto Alegre EMISUS.2 Os idosos foram entrevistados nas residências pelos agentes comunitários de saúde, que aplicaram um questionário geral, contendo informações sobre medicamentos. Este estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul e da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Porto Alegre (parecer número 10/04967, registro 499 do processo 001.021434.10.7). Todos os participantes assinaram o Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido. Resultados: Foram incluídos 761 participantes com idade média de 77,1±10,3 anos, representados na sua maioria por mulheres (63,9%), cor branca (64,7%) e primeiro grau incompleto (66,8%). A média de medicamentos utilizados foi de 4,1±3,1 e a prevalência 85,0%. Os grupos anatômicos mais utilizados foram: sistema cardiovascular (80,1%), sistema digestivo e metabolismo (56,9%) e sistema nervoso (46,8%). Em relação ao entendimento, 75,4% dos idosos reconheciam o medicamento pelas características da embalagem e 53,4% adquiriam na rede pública. Não aderiam ao tratamento farmacológico 66,8%. Conclusões: Como os idosos são os que mais utilizam medicamentos, estudos com essa abordagem podem contribuir para formulação de estratégias de atenção a essa população. A inclusão de farmacêuticos nas equipes é de uma imensa importância, podendo auxiliar no cuidado ao paciente prestando assistência farmacêutica
SUICÍDIO EM LONGEVOS NO RS: DADOS DO DATASUS 2017
Authors: Rigo Ilva Inês , Tiecker Ana Paula , Pereira Grigol Marlon Cássio , Gonçalves Bós Ângelo José
Published: February 2020

A taxa de suicídio em idosos é o dobro do que acontece nas outras faixas etárias.1;2 Entre as causas de suicídio, em idosos jovens estão doenças psiquiátricas3 e questões sociais4. Entretanto, pouco se sabe sobre as características do suicídio em idades avançadas em que o processo de envelhecimento se torna mais exacerbado tornando esses idosos mais vulneráveis. Compreender esse processo pode embasar o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas para sua prevenção. Objetivo Estudar o perfil das mortes por suicídio entre longevos no Rio Grande do Sul (RS) em 2017. Método Foram analisados os dados do Sistema de Informação de Mortalidade (SIM) do DATASUS referentes aos óbitos por suicídio em longevos, no RS em 2017. Resultados No ano de 2017, no foram relatados no SIM no RS 65 óbitos por suicídio entre longevos, dos quais 83,1% eram homens, 86,1% brancos, 40% casados e 24,6% viúvos, até 7 anos de estudo (49,2%). Quanto ao local de ocorrência, 80% foi no domicílio. Quanto à causa básica, 56,9% foi enforcamento, 15,4% arma de fogo e ferimentos cortantes ou penetrantes (7,7%). Somente 1,5% tinha registro de transtorno mental. Conclusões O perfil dos longevos que faleceram por suicídio em 2017 no RS foi de homens, casados, com baixa escolaridade e sem transtorno mental associado, o local de ocorrência mais frequente foi o domicílio e por enforcamento, corroborando com a literatura. A inexistência de transtorno mental surpreende não indo ao encontro com dados encontrados na literatura.
Intra-articular Lesions and Clinical Outcomes in Traumatic Anterior Shoulder Dislocation Associated with Greater Tuberosity Fracture of the Humerus
Authors: Lim Kuk Pil , Lee In Seung , Kim In Bo
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND: This study investigated and evaluated the clinical outcomes of intra-articular lesions of traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation (TASD) associated with greater tuberosity (GT) fracture of the humerus.METHODS: Subjects included 20 patients who were surgically or non-surgically treated for GT fracture of the humeurs with TASD, and followed-up for at least 2 years. The mean follow-up period was 54.1 months (range, 24?105 months). Of the 20 patients, 12 were treated surgically. Intra-articular lesions were identified randomly on magnetic resonance imaging scans (repeated thrice) by experienced radiologists and orthopedic surgeons. The accompanying intra-articular lesions were left untreated. Clinical outcomes were evaluated by Simple Shoulder Test (SST) and Western Ontario Shoulder Instability index (WOSI) at the last follow-up.RESULTS: Intra-articular lesions were identified in 19 patients: 7 Bankart lesions, 15 humeral avulsion of the glenohumeral ligament lesions, 3 glenoid avulsion of the glenohumeral ligament lesion, and 6 inferior capsular tears. Two or more intra-articular lesions were identified in 6 patients. The mean SST score was 10.9 and the mean WOSI score was 449.3 at the last follow-up.CONCLUSIONS: For GT fracture of the humerus with TASD, a high frequency of diverse intra-articular lesions was identified. There were no incidence of recurrent shoulder dislocations, and good clinical outcomes were obtained without treatment of the intra-articular lesions. We thereby comprehend that although intra-articular lesions may occur in TASD associated with GT fracture of the humeurs, merely treating the GT fracture of the humerus is sufficient.