bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Managing Hereditary Angioedema Patients Undergoing Otolaryngeal Procedures
Authors: Bernstein Jonathan A.
Published: July 2013

Background

Hereditary angioedema (HAE), a rare autosomal dominant disorder, is characterized by repeated attacks of swelling of the skin, gastrointestinal tract, face, larynx, and other organs. In most cases it is caused by low levels of functional C1 esterase inhibitor (C1-INH), a serine protease inhibitor that plays important regulatory roles in the complement, contact, and fibrinolytic pathways.

Methods

Lack of functional C1-INH results in excessive release of bradykinin, which triggers vasodilation, vascular permeability, and edema. Most attacks are mild and self-limiting, but untreated laryngeal attacks may cause rapid asphyxiation and death. Potential triggers of laryngeal attacks include trauma to or manipulation of the face, mouth, or upper airway. Therefore, before performing such a procedure in a patient with HAE, the otolaryngologist should consult with the patient, the physician managing the HAE, and the anesthesiologist and make appropriate preparations for prevention and/or treatment of an attack.

Results

Current World Allergy Organization and European guidelines recommend the use of i.v. plasma-derived C1-INH replacement for short-term prophylaxis of angioedema attacks. Other effective options include danazol given for several days before and after the procedure and fresh-frozen plasma, but these may not be as effective as C1-INH and may be associated with a high rate of adverse events.

Conclusion

Acute attacks, which may occur many hours after a procedure, may be treated with C1-INH; icatibant, a bradykinin B2-receptor antagonist; or ecallantide, a kallikrein inhibitor, all of which have been shown to reduce the duration and severity of HAE attacks.
Distortion in Retrospective Measures of Word of Mouth
Authors: East Robert , Uncles Mark D. , Romaniuk Jenni , Hand Chris
Published: July 2013

When respondents are asked to report on past behaviour, their responses may be affected by an unknown level of measurement error. This casts doubt on the findings from retrospective surveys. There is evidence that measurement error is a function of the interval between an experience and the time when the experience is reported. In this study, the volume of word of mouth (WOM) is measured as a function of this interval. Both positive and negative WOM (PWOM, NWOM) show little change with interval, which indicates that recall measures of the volume of WOM are quite reliable and may be used with confidence. Possible distorting influences on retrospective measures are discussed.
The benefits of CROS aids for individuals with unilateral sensorineural hearing loss
Authors: Busk Linnebjerg Linda , Wetke Randi
Published: July 2013

Objective:

Treatment of unilateral sensorineural hearing loss has improved after introducing the new generation of monoCROS with a wireless connection, an open mould and an improvement in sound quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the new generation of CROS, to identify the situations in which the CROS was useful to the patient, and to identify factors that can predict successful treatment.

Study design:

Retrospective information was gathered by questionnaire from patients treated with the Phonak Audeo Smart CROS hearing aid at Aarhus University Hospital. The information related to usage, perceived benefit, situations of use, sound quality, maintenance and operation of the device.

Results:

The CROS was most frequently used in the company of others in small or large groups of people even though participants considered the sound quality to be best in quiet surroundings. The device was rarely used for telephone conversations. Of the 45 participants, 42.5% used it more than 4 h per day, 32.5% used it less than 4 h per day and 25% used it occasionally. The group of patients who used it most frequently was the student group, who used it in educational situations. The quality of sound was generally evaluated as above average, and operating and fitting the device was considered easy.

Conclusion:

The new generation of CROS hearing aids are useful in the treatment of unilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Further research is needed to compare this device to the BAHA.
Definitive treatment of vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation with stereotactic radiosurgery
Authors: Triffo William J. , Bourland J. Daniel , Couture Daniel E. , McMullen Kevin P. , Tatter Stephen B. , Morris Padraig P.
Published: July 2013

Vein of Galen aneurysmal malformations (VGAMs) are uncommon congenital malformations arising from fistulous communication with the median vein of the prosencephalon, a primitive precursor of midline cerebral venous structures. Angiographic embolization is the primary modality for treatment given historically poor microsurgical outcomes. Only a few reports of treatment by Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) exist in the literature, and the results are variable. The authors present 2 cases of VGAM in which GKRS provided definitive treatment with good outcome: one case involving antenatal presentation of a high-output, mural-type VGAM with complex clinical course refractory to multiple embolic procedures, and the other a choroidal-type VGAM presenting with hemorrhage in an adult and without a feasible embolic approach. With discussion of these cases and review of the literature, the authors advocate inclusion of GKRS as a therapeutic option for treatment of these complex lesions.
Variable penetration depth of interferometric synthetic aperture radar signals on Alaska glaciers: a cold surface layer hypothesis
Authors: Gusmeroli Alessio , Arendt Anthony , Atwood Donald , Kampes Bert , Sanford Mark , Young Joanna C.
Published: July 2013

P-band interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data at 5 m resolution from Kahiltna Glacier, the largest glacier in the Alaska Range, Alaska, USA, show pronounced spatial variation in penetration depth, δP. We obtained δP by differencing X- and P-band digital elevation models. δP varied significantly over the glacier, but it was possible to distinguish representative zones. In the accumulation area, δP decreased with decreasing elevation from 18 ± 3 m in the percolation zone to 10 ± 4 m in the wet snow zone. In the central portion of the ablation area, a location free of debris and crevasses, we identified a zone of very high δP (34 ± 4 m) which decreased at lower elevations (23 ± 3 m in bare ice and 5-10m in debris-covered ice). We observe that the spatial configuration of δP is consistent with the expected thermal regime of each zone: δP is high in areas where cold firn/ice likely occurs (i.e. percolation zone and upper ablation area) and low in areas where temperate surface firn/ice likely exists (wet snow zone and lower ablation area). We suggest that the very high δP observed in the upper ablation area is due to the presence of a cold surface layer.
Joint interpretation of explosive and vibroseismic surveys on cold firn for the investigation of ice properties
Authors: Diez Anja , Eisen Olaf , Hofstede Coen , Bohleber Pascal , Polom Ulrich
Published: July 2013

Two seismic surveys were carried out on the high-altitude glacier saddle, Colle Gnifetti, Monte Rosa, Italy/Switzerland. Explosive and vibroseismic sources were tested to explore the best way to generate seismic waves to deduce shallow and intermediate properties (<100 m) of firn and ice. The explosive source (SISSY) excites strong surface and diving waves, degrading data quality for processing; no englacial reflections besides the noisy bed reflector are visible. However, the strong diving waves are analyzed to derive the density distribution of the firn pack, yielding results similar to a nearby ice core. The vibrator source (ElViS), used in both P- and SH-wave modes, produces detectable laterally coherent reflections within the firn and ice column. We compare these with ice-core and radar data. The SH-wave data are particularly useful in providing detailed, high-resolution information on firn and ice stratigraphy. Our analyses demonstrate the potential of seismic methods to determine physical properties of firn and ice, particularly density and potentially also crystal-orientation fabric.
Noise Reduction for Nonlinear Nonstationary Time Series Data using Averaging Intrinsic Mode Function
Authors: Premanode Bhusana , Vongprasert Jumlong , Toumazou Christofer
Published: July 2013

A novel noise filtering algorithm based on averaging Intrinsic Mode Function (aIMF), which is a derivation of Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD), is proposed to remove white-Gaussian noise of foreign currency exchange rates that are nonlinear nonstationary times series signals. Noise patterns with different amplitudes and frequencies were randomly mixed into the five exchange rates. A number of filters, namely; Extended Kalman Filter (EKF), Wavelet Transform (WT), Particle Filter (PF) and the averaging Intrinsic Mode Function (aIMF) algorithm were used to compare filtering and smoothing performance. The aIMF algorithm demonstrated high noise reduction among the performance of these filters.
Electronic Origin of the Orthorhombic Cmca Structure in Compressed Elements and Binary Alloys
Authors: Degtyareva Valentina
Published: July 2013

Formation of the complex structure with 16 atoms in the orthorhombic cell, space group Cmca (Pearson symbol oC16), was experimentally found under high pressure in the alkali elements (K, Rb, Cs) and polyvalent elements of groups IV (Si, Ge) and V (Bi). Intermetallic phases with this structure form under pressure in binary Bi-based alloys (Bi-Sn, Bi-In, Bi-Pb). Stability of the Cmca-oC16 structure is analyzed within the nearly free-electron model in the frame of Fermi sphere-Brillouin zone interaction. A Brillouin-Jones zone formed by a group of strong diffraction reflections close to the Fermi sphere is the reason for the reduction of crystal energy and stabilization of the structure. This zone corresponds well to the four valence electrons in Si and Ge, and leads to assume an spd-hybridization for Bi. To explain the stabilization of this structure within the same model in alkali metals, that are monovalents at ambient conditions, a possibility of an overlap of the core, and valence band electrons at strong compression, is considered. The assumption of the increase in the number of valence electrons helps to understand sequences of complex structures in compressed alkali elements and unusual changes in their physical properties, such as electrical resistance and superconductivity.
Microstructure of Laser Re-Melted AlCoCrCuFeNi High Entropy Alloy Coatings Produced by Plasma Spraying
Authors: Yue Tai , Xie Hui , Lin Xin , Yang Haiou , Meng Guanghui
Published: July 2013

An AlCoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy (HEA) coating was fabricated on a pure magnesium substrate using a two-step method, involving plasma spray processing and laser re-melting. After laser re-melting, the microporosity present in the as-sprayed coating was eliminated, and a dense surface layer was obtained. The microstructure of the laser-remelted layer exhibits an epitaxial growth of columnar dendrites, which originate from the crystals of the spray coating. The presence of a continuous epitaxial growth of columnar HEA dendrites in the laser re-melted layer was analyzed based on the critical stability condition of a planar interface. The solidification of a columnar dendrite structure of the HEA alloy in the laser-remelted layer was analyzed based on the Kurz–Giovanola–Trivedi model and Hunt’s criterion, with modifications for a multi-component alloy.
Bulgarian Marine and Freshwater Fishes as a Source of Fat-Soluble Vitamins for a Healthy Human Diet
Authors: Stancheva Mona , Dobreva Diana
Published: July 2013

The aim of the present study evaluates the fat-soluble vitamins all-trans retinol (vitamin A), cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) and α-tocopherol (vitamin E) content in the fresh edible tissue of Bulgarian fish species: marine—grey mullet (Mugil cephalus) and bonito (Sarda sarda), and freshwater—rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and common carp (Cyprinus carpio). The sample preparation procedure includes alkaline saponification, followed by liquid-liquid extraction with n-hexane. All-trans retinol, cholecalciferol and α-tocopherol were analyzed simultaneously using RP-HPLC\UV\FL system with analytical column C18 ODS2 Hypersil™. The fat soluble vitamins content (μg per 100 g wet weight) in the fresh edible fish tissue of analyzed fishes are in the ranges: vitamin A from 2.7 ± 0.4 to 37.5 ± 3.4 μg/100 g ww; vitamin D3 from 1.1 ± 0.1 to 11.4 ± 0.6 μg/100 g ww; vitamin E from 121.4 ± 9.6 to 1274.2 ± 44.1 μg/100 g ww. Three fat-soluble vitamins occur in higher amounts in rainbow trout and grey mullet species. According to recommended daily intake (RDI), they are a good source of cholecalciferol.
Estimation of Soil Erosion Rates and Eroded Sediment in a Degraded Catchment of the Siwalik Hills, Nepal
Authors: Ghimire Sohan , Higaki Daisuke , Bhattarai Tara
Published: July 2013

The Siwalik Hills is one of the most fragile and vulnerable ecosystems in the Nepalese Himalaya where soil erosion and land degradation issues are fundamental. There is very limited knowledge on soil erosion processes and rates in this region in comparison to other regions of the Himalaya. The aims of the present paper are to document, measure and interpret key soil erosion processes and provide an estimate of erosion rates in the Khajuri Stream catchment located in the eastern Siwalik Hills. We used erosion pins to monitor sheet erosion, gully erosion, landslides and stream bank erosion over the period from 2002 to 2004. Sheet erosion from forest and shrubs generally varied from 0.8–1.2 mm·yr−1 with a mean erosion rate of ~16 t·ha−1·yr−1. Gully erosion rate was estimated to be ~14 t·ha−1·yr−1. Erosion from landslides was significantly higher which was estimated to be ~26 t·ha−1·yr−1. Stream bank erosion varied widely from 0.03 to 0.25 m·yr−1 with a mean erosion rate of ~8 t·ha−1·yr−1. Based on these rates, it was estimated that ~21,000 m3 (64 t·ha−1) of sediment was being eroded within the catchment annually. In comparison to the erosion rates of other regions of the Himalaya these rates are significantly higher.
Charged Polymers Transport under Applied Electric Fields in Periodic Channels
Authors: Nedelcu Sorin , Sommer Jens-Uwe
Published: July 2013

By molecular dynamics simulations, we investigated the transport of charged polymers in applied electric fields in confining environments, which were straight cylinders of uniform or non-uniform diameter. In the simulations, the solvent was modeled explicitly and, also, the counterions and coions of added salt. The electrophoretic velocities of charged chains in relation to electrolyte friction, hydrodynamic effects due to the solvent, and surface friction were calculated. We found that the velocities were higher if counterions were moved away from the polymeric domain, which led to a decrease in hydrodynamic friction. The topology of the surface played a key role in retarding the motion of the polyelectrolyte and, even more so, in the presence of transverse electric fields. The present study showed that a possible way of improving separation resolution is by controlling the motion of counterions or electrolyte friction effects.
Secondary Metabolites of a Mangrove Endophytic Fungus Aspergillus terreus (No. GX7-3B) from the South China Sea
Authors: Deng Chun-Mei , Liu Shi-Xin , Huang Cai-Huan , Pang Ji-Yan , Lin Yong-Cheng
Published: July 2013

The mangrove endophytic fungus Aspergillus terreus (No. GX7-3B) was cultivated in potato dextrose liquid medium, and one rare thiophene compound (1), together with anhydrojavanicin (2), 8-O-methylbostrycoidin (3), 8-O-methyljavanicin (4), botryosphaerone D (5), 6-ethyl-5-hydroxy-3,7-dimethoxynaphthoquinone (6), 3β,5α-dihydroxy-(22E,24R)-ergosta-7,22-dien-6-one (7), 3β,5α,14α-trihydroxy-(22E,24R)-ergosta-7, 22-dien-6-one (8), NGA0187 (9) and beauvericin (10), were isolated. Their structures were elucidated by analysis of spectroscopic data. This is the first report of a natural origin for compound 6. Moreover, compounds 3, 4, 5, 7, 8 and 10 were obtained from marine microorganism for the first time. In the bioactive assays in vitro, compounds 2, 3, 9 and 10 displayed remarkable inhibiting actions against α-acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with IC50 values 2.01, 6.71, 1.89, and 3.09 μM, respectively. Furthermore, in the cytotoxicity assays, compounds 7 and 10 exhibited strong or moderate cytotoxic activities against MCF-7, A549, Hela and KB cell lines with IC50 values 4.98 and 2.02 (MCF-7), 1.95 and 0.82 (A549), 0.68 and 1.14 (Hela), and 1.50 and 1.10 μM (KB), respectively; compound 8 had weak inhibitory activities against these tumor cell lines; compounds 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 9 exhibited no inhibitory activities against them.
A Straightforward Diphenylmethyl Protection Method and Deprotection of Some Pyrimidine Nucleosides
Authors: Saudi Milind , Van Aerschot Arthur
Published: July 2013

Benzhydryl protection of primary and secondary alcohols has been reported previously via reaction with metal alcoholates. Our aim was to find generally useful and very mild conditions for the alcoholic protection and deprotection of nucleosides with the diphenylmethyl group. This was accomplished for some pyrimidine nucleosides using PdCl2 as the transition metal catalyst, and with optimization yields of 70–90% have been achieved. A lack of solubility of other nucleosides hampers its more general use.
Recent Research Progress and Potential Uses of the Amphibian Xenopus as a Biomedical and Immunological Model System
Authors: Edholm Eva-Stina , Robert Jacques
Published: July 2013

The amphibian Xenopus has long been a comparative model system of choice for a number of different biological research areas, including immunology. Specifically, the evolutionary distance between amphibians and mammals, including humans, allows for the study of both species-specific adaptations, as well as conserved features of the immune system. Furthermore, the Xenopus genus includes species with multiple levels of polyploidy, thereby providing a unique model to study whole genome duplication and its effects thereof on individual genes. To better exploit this amphibian model, the development and innovative applications of novel research tools have been a priority. In this regard, recent advances in adapting the transgenesis approach to Xenopus have allowed for in vivo studies of the impact of loss and gain of function of specific genes at the level of the whole organism, further enhancing the potential uses of Xenopus as an important biomedical model system. This review highlights some of the major uses and applications of the Xenopus model.
Investigation of Tree Spectral Reflectance Characteristics Using a Mobile Terrestrial Line Spectrometer and Laser Scanner
Authors: Lin Yi , Puttonen Eetu , Hyyppä Juha
Published: July 2013

In mobile terrestrial hyperspectral imaging, individual trees often present large variations in spectral reflectance that may impact the relevant applications, but the related studies have been seldom reported. To fill this gap, this study was dedicated to investigating the spectral reflectance characteristics of individual trees with a Sensei mobile mapping system, which comprises a Specim line spectrometer and an Ibeo Lux laser scanner. The addition of the latter unit facilitates recording the structural characteristics of the target trees synchronously, and this is beneficial for revealing the characteristics of the spatial distributions of tree spectral reflectance with variations at different levels. Then, the parts of trees with relatively low-level variations can be extracted. At the same time, since it is difficult to manipulate the whole spectrum, the traditional concept of vegetation indices (VI) based on some particular spectral bands was taken into account here. Whether the assumed VIs capable of behaving consistently for the whole crown of each tree was also checked. The specific analyses were deployed based on four deciduous tree species and six kinds of VIs. The test showed that with the help of the laser scanner data, the parts of individual trees with relatively low-level variations can be located. Based on these parts, the relatively stable spectral reflectance characteristics for different tree species can be learnt.
Structural and Functional Insights into Foamy Viral Integrase
Authors: Hossain Md. , Ali Md. , Shin Cha-Gyun
Published: July 2013

Successful integration of retroviral DNA into the host chromosome is an essential step for viral replication. The process is mediated by virally encoded integrase (IN) and orchestrated by 3'-end processing and the strand transfer reaction. In vitro reaction conditions, such as substrate specificity, cofactor usage, and cellular binding partners for such reactions by the three distinct domains of prototype foamy viral integrase (PFV-IN) have been described well in several reports. Recent studies on the three‑dimensional structure of the interacting complexes between PFV-IN and DNA, cofactors, binding partners, or inhibitors have explored the mechanistic details of such interactions and shown its utilization as an important target to develop anti-retroviral drugs. The presence of a potent, non-transferable nuclear localization signal in the PFV C-terminal domain extends its use as a model for investigating cellular trafficking of large molecular complexes through the nuclear pore complex and also to identify novel cellular targets for such trafficking. This review focuses on recent advancements in the structural analysis and in vitro functional aspects of PFV-IN.
Enhanced Efficacy of a Codon-Optimized DNA Vaccine Encoding the Glycoprotein Precursor Gene of Lassa Virus in a Guinea Pig Disease Model When Delivered by Dermal Electroporation
Authors: Cashman Kathleen , Broderick Kate , Wilkinson Eric , Shaia Carl , Bell Todd , Shurtleff Amy , Spik Kristin , Badger Catherine , Guttieri Mary , Sardesai Niranjan , Schmaljohn Connie
Published: July 2013

Lassa virus (LASV) causes a severe, often fatal, hemorrhagic fever endemic to West Africa. Presently, there are no FDA-licensed medical countermeasures for this disease. In a pilot study, we constructed a DNA vaccine (pLASV-GPC) that expressed the LASV glycoprotein precursor gene (GPC). This plasmid was used to vaccinate guinea pigs (GPs) using intramuscular electroporation as the delivery platform. Vaccinated GPs were protected from lethal infection (5/6) with LASV compared to the controls. However, vaccinated GPs experienced transient viremia after challenge, although lower than the mock-vaccinated controls. In a follow-on study, we developed a new device that allowed for both the vaccine and electroporation pulse to be delivered to the dermis. We also codon-optimized the GPC sequence of the vaccine to enhance expression in GPs. Together, these innovations resulted in enhanced efficacy of the vaccine. Unlike the pilot study where neutralizing titers were not detected until after virus challenge, modest neutralizing titers were detected in guinea pigs before challenge, with escalating titers detected after challenge. The vaccinated GPs were never ill and were not viremic at any timepoint. The combination of the codon-optimized vaccine and dermal electroporation delivery is a worthy candidate for further development.
A Multidisciplinary Research Agenda for Understanding Vaccine-Related Decisions
Authors: Larson Heidi , Leask Julie , Aggett Sian , Sevdalis Nick , Thomson Angus
Published: July 2013

There is increasingly broad global recognition of the need to better understand determinants of vaccine acceptance. Fifteen social science, communication, health, and medical professionals (the “Motors of Trust in Vaccination” (MOTIV) think tank) explored factors relating to vaccination decision-making as a step to building a multidisciplinary research agenda. One hundred and forty seven factors impacting decisions made by consumers, professionals, and policy makers on vaccine acceptance, delay, or refusal were identified and grouped into three major categories: cognition and decision-making; groups and social norms; and communication and engagement. These factors should help frame a multidisciplinary research agenda to build an evidence base on the determinants of vaccine acceptance to inform the development of interventions and vaccination policies.
Transplantation of Human Fetal-Derived Neural Stem Cells Improves Cognitive Function following Cranial Irradiation
Authors: Acharya Munjal M. , Christie Lori-Ann , Hazel Thomas G. , Johe Karl K. , Limoli Charles L.
Published: July 2013

Treatment of central nervous system (CNS) malignancies typically involves radiotherapy to forestall tumor growth and recurrence following surgical resection. Despite the many benefits of cranial radiotherapy, survivors often suffer from a wide range of debilitating and progressive cognitive deficits. Thus, while patients afflicted with primary and secondary malignancies of the CNS now experience longer local regional control and progression-free survival, there remains no clinical recourse for the unintended neurocognitive sequelae associated with their cancer treatments. Multiple mechanisms contribute to disrupted cognition following irradiation, including the depletion of radiosensitive populations of stem and progenitor cells in the hippocampus. We have explored the potential of using intrahippocampal transplantation of human stem cells to ameliorate radiation-induced cognitive dysfunction. Past studies demonstrated the capability of cranially transplanted human embryonic (hESCs) and neural (hNSCs) stem cells to functionally restore cognition in rats 1 and 4 months after cranial irradiation. The present study employed an FDA-approved fetal-derived hNSC line capable of large scale-up under good manufacturing practice (GMP). Animals receiving cranial transplantation of these cells 1 month following irradiation showed improved hippocampal spatial memory and contextual fear conditioning performance compared to irradiated, sham surgery controls. Significant newly born (doublecortin positive) neurons and a smaller fraction of glial subtypes were observed within and nearby the transplantation core. Engrafted cells migrated and differentiated into neuronal and glial subtypes throughout the CA1 and CA3 subfields of the host hippocampus. These studies expand our prior findings to demonstrate that transplantation of fetal-derived hNSCs improves cognitive deficits in irradiated animals, as assessed by two separate cognitive tasks.
La congruence et sa relation à la communication en thérapie centrée sur le client
Authors: Temaner-Brodley Barbara , Stora Nicole , Ducroux-Biass Françoise
Published: July 2013

En thérapie centrée sur le client et dans les groupes centrés sur la personne, le manque d’attention portée à la définition théorique de la congruence, comme l’habitude de confondre congruence et sincérité, conduisent à des distorsions. En thérapie individuelle centrée sur le client ou dans d’autres formes de thérapie centrée sur le client, la distorsion survient lorsque les thérapeutes indiquent systématiquement leurs propres réactions ou ce qu’ils pensent aux clients. Ils justifient cette pratique comme une des façons de vivre l’attitude thérapeutique de congruence dans la relation. Dans les groupes de pairs, la distorsion apparaît lorsqu’« être congruent » justifie les interprétations, les accusations et les communications insultantes. Il faut bien saisir la définition théorique de la congruence pour avoir une image adéquate de la thérapie centrée sur le client (Haugh, 1998). En particulier, selon Rogers, les communications qui ont trait à la congruence ont des caractéristiques spécifiques contraignantes et thérapeutiquement appropriées. Dans cet article j’essaierai de faire une exégèse partielle des écrits de Rogers sur les concepts de congruence et d’expérience. Pour comprendre la congruence, il est nécessaire de comprendre la définition de l’expérience donnée par Rogers. Je développerai également, à l’intention des thérapeutes centrés sur le client et des praticiens d’autres applications de l’Approche centrée sur la personne, une base théorique qui favorise une attitude conduisant à des formes particulières de communication en lien avec leur congruence.
Quels outils pour favoriser la réflexivité des formés ? Les apports du suivi de parcours de reconversion dans des dispositifs universitaires de formation professionnelle
Authors: Negroni Catherine
Published: July 2013

Cet article propose à partir du suivi de deux dispositifs de formation à l’université accueillant des adultes en reprise d’études, souvent en situation de reconversion professionnelle, d’interroger et d’analyser la part de la réflexivité dans ces formations. Nous nous interrogerons sur les registres, espaces ou interstices dans lesquels s’inscrivent le parcours biographique et les expériences singulières en regard des acquisitions de savoirs et des apprentissages disciplinaires. Le temps de la formation passe par des temporalités successives et des retours réflexifs constants. Nous montrons que la « latence identitaire » est un moment essentiel à la construction d’une nouvelle professionnalité. Enfin, nous présenterons une modélisation de l’accompagnement des parcours professionnels en changement, où le travail subjectif de l’acteur est très présent.
L'insertion professionnelle dans le milieu de l'ingénierie : Une question de genre
Authors: Stevanovic Biljana
Published: July 2013

En s’appuyant sur les enquêtes « Premier Emploi » réalisées en 2008 six mois après l’obtention de diplôme auprès de la promotion 2007 et les entretiens semi-directifs, cet article a pour objectif d’étudier l’insertion professionnelle et la construction de l’identité professionnelle des femmes et des hommes diplômé-e-s de l’EPF-École d’ingénieurs. L’analyse des résultats permet de conclure que les femmes ingénieurs diplômées de l’EPF ont une insertion professionnelle globalement plus favorable que les hommes diplômés de la même école en termes de rapidité d’insertion, de chômage, d’accès au statut de cadre et de part en CDI. Cependant, l’identité professionnelle des femmes diplômées de cette école est marquée par la ségrégation liée à l’accès aux postes de responsabilités, ou par les stéréotypes liés à l’articulation « travail-famille ».
La décision d'investissement en intelligence économique : évaluation et pratique dans les grandes entreprises marocaines
Authors: Sliman Mounia , El Abbassi Ahmed
Published: July 2013

Réserver des dépenses d’investissement en intelligence économique (IE) constitue une des étapes les plus déterminantes pour acquérir une position aux côtés des leaders dans le marché actuel. Pour rester compétitive, les grandes entreprises marocaines doivent réaliser des investissements stratégiques considérables en faveur de la fonction IE. Cela nécessite le développement des outils permettant de faire face à la nouvelle conjoncture imposée par l’économie de marché. Le présent article s’inscrit dans une démarche exploratoire, et propose un modèle conceptuel pour approfondir la compréhension du processus d’évaluation des investissements en IE. Pour ce faire nous allons examiner les avantages tirés et analyser les différentes composantes de ce processus, afin d’évaluer ses pratiques au sein d’une entreprise marocaine. Classification JEL : M21, D83, L31, D80
Sexualités prénuptiales, rapports de genre et grossesses non prévues à Ouagadougou
Authors: Rossier Clémentine , Sawadogo Nathalie , Soubeiga André
Published: July 2013

La sexualité prémaritale se généralise sur le continent africain, et cette tendance est plus accentuée dans les villes. Bien que l’utilisation du préservatif ait progres sé chez les jeunes non mariés, de nombreuses études montrent que les besoins contraceptifs non satisfaits restent importants dans ce sous-groupe de la population. À partir de données qualitatives collectées en 2006 et 2007 à Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso (77 entretiens approfondis avec des jeunes femmes et hommes, enquête Emergency Contraception in Africa – ECAF), cet article montre comment un système de genre inégalitaire contribue à la survenue de grossesses non prévues avant le mariage. L’activité sexuelle prénuptiale des jeunes femmes reste marquée par la recherche de moralité et de mariage (un mariage plus ou moins différé) ; l’activité sexuelle prénuptiale masculine est souvent caractérisée par une valorisation du multi-partenariat et du plaisir masculin. Les logiques qui sous-tendent l’activité sexuelle prénuptiale peuvent amener les individus à vouloir éviter une grossesse à tout prix, ou au contraire, à reléguer la prévention au second plan. Les grossesses non prévues surviennent quand un des partenaires se situe simultanément dans plusieurs logiques à la fois et/ou quand les deux partenaires sont dans des logiques différentes ; dans ce dernier cas, l’asymétrie des motivations des hommes et des femmes place ces dernières en position de vulnérabilité dans la négociation du préservatif.
Éthique et mode de jouissances
Authors: Hoffmann Christian
Published: July 2013

La coupure freudienne du sujet permet d’élaborer une éthique de sa responsabilité subjective et de son mode singulier de jouissance.
Sujet et pouvoir dans la contemporanéité
Authors: Birman Joel
Published: July 2013

Cette contribution porte sur la souffrance et la douleur dans les formes de subjectivation contemporaine.
Psychoanalysis and Scientific Control of Reproduction
Authors: Perelson Simone
Published: July 2013

Psychanalyse et contrôle scientifique de la reproduction À partir d’un commentaire de Freud à propos des changements drastiques que le contrôle scientifique de la procréation pourrait apporter à la société, du recours que fait Lacan à un cas d’insémination post mortem pour illustrer la fonction paternelle, ainsi que de la mise en évidence par Monette Vacquin de la présence, au sein des nouvelles technologies reproductives, d’une redoutable alliance entre l’inconscient, la science et le marché, l’article prétend réfléchir sur les montages actuels et futurs de la filiation, et plus particulièrement sur la place que le donneur anonyme de sperme peut occuper dans ce montage.
Le corps, un témoin ? Psychanalyse et différence des sexes
Authors: Ayouch Thamy
Published: July 2013

Dans cet article, l’auteur examine si le corps est bien un témoin de la différence sexuelle, et comment opèrerait ce témoignage sur le plan de la structuration psychique. Il s’agit de faire porter la question sur les concepts analytiques de sexuation et de sexualité en demandant comment la différence des sexes s’articule à la visibilité des corps, quelle inscription de l’ordre symbolique elle permet et comment elle est convoquée par la théorie analytique. L’examen de la plurivocité de la théorie freudienne à ce sujet, en prenant appui sur les écrits de Monique Schneider, permet d’aboutir à la notion d’assignation de sexe par le regard. Est alors tenté un dialogue entre la psychanalyse et la perspective de Judith Butler, qui rend compte des modalités de cette assignation et redistribue les sens de la différence des sexes. Le concept lacanien de phallus est enfin analysé dans sa dé-naturalisation de la différence des sexes, puis appréhendé dans sa détermination sociale-historique.
Le gain de la psychanalyse est-il un grain de temps, l'objet « a » en « - » ?
Authors: Lenoir Olivier , Poggi Paul
Published: July 2013

Formaliser un gain pour la psychanalyse n’est-il pas aujourd’hui un enjeu ? Le gain n’est-il pas alors un lien que la psychanalyse peut faire entre un formalisme comme celui d’un modèle macroéconomique avec une possible dynamique du sujet. Nous partirons de cette idée de gain pour réexaminer, sous l’angle du jeu notamment, le pari pascalien vers une articulation logique de la rencontre clinique.
La sociohermenéutica como programa de investigación en sociología
Authors: Alonso Luis Enrique
Published: July 2013

En este artículo hemos tratado de argumentar que la sociohermenéutica es una tradición propia del conocimiento sociológico desde el primer momento de formación de la sociología interpretativa clásica. Tradición totalmente diferente de la actual deconstrucción postmoderna y de su idea sobre el poder total del texto. Se revisan críticamente, a continuación, las aportaciones de Bourdieu al conocimiento de las prácticas lingüisticas como prácticas sociales de poder. Finalmente se define la lógica del análisis sociológico de los discursos —como análisis comprehensivo e interpretativo— como un tipo de trabajo específico que se separa tanto del análisis cuantitativo de contenido como del análisis estructural del texto de origen lingüistico.
S(x) = F(s(t&e(x))) o el eclipse de la función simbólica en la sociedad
Authors: Barrientos Rastrojo José
Published: July 2013

Mauricio Beuchot y Mircea Eliade han realizado estudios profundos sobre el símbolo, que han abierto una disquisición vinculada a la pervivencia de este en los imaginarios sociales contemporáneos. El presente trabajo pretende vertebrar tal disputa, recorrer las concepciones del símbolo desde diversos abordajes disciplinares (sociología, estudios culturales, antropología, filosofía y lingüistica), transportar la disputa inicial desde los planteamientos materiales a los funcionales y formular una conclusión que constituya una puerta de entrada a la restitución del símbolo en la actualidad.
La sacralización de la persona: sociohermenéutica de los valores
Authors: Sánchez Capdequí Celso
Published: July 2013

Este trabajo analiza los cambios sociales de la religión en nuestras sociedades. Aunque los sociólogos clásicos anunciaron su desaparición, la religión perdura en la sociedad actual pero con un rostro secular. Uno de sus símbolos es la persona. Emile Durkheim habló de la “sacralización de la persona” como una nueva expresión de lo sagrado. Recientemente Hans Joas aborda el problema de los valores y dialoga con Durkheim para explicar las nuevas formas de lo sagrado. La persona sería el valor universal que incluye a todos los hombres independientemente de su cultura, género, creencias religiosas, etc. Los Derechos Humanos son la institución que representa la nueva divinidad secular de la persona.
Arquitectura escrita: lecturas y relecturas sobre Le città invisibili de Italo Calvino
Authors: Moure Pazos Iván
Published: July 2013

El presente artículo pretende ser una revisión crítica sobre Le cittá invisibili de Italo Calvino con motivo del cuarenta aniversario de su publicación, centrada principalmente en su inminente valor como tratado arquitectónico y palimpsesto urbano-literario —de corte, como veremos, mayormente visionario y utópico—.
Implementation of E-Commerce at the Grass Roots
Authors: Rahman Hakikur , Ramos Isabel
Published: July 2013

This paper looks into the concepts of electronic commerce (e-commerce) through the utilization of the Internet technologies. The study introduces the concept in finding a contextual diagram and talks further about the evolution of e-commerce. Thereafter, it develops a framework after deducting through various business models using an exploratory review. However, the main thrust of the paper is to illustrate factors of challenges in introducing and enhancing e-commerce activities, especially in the context of developing countries relating to human-computer interactions. The study emphasizes on issues like, acceptability, credibility, feasibility, ethics, privacy and trust as major challenges in expanding e-commerce in developing countries. Before concluding, the study proposes a few hints of e-commerce advancement in developing nations as future research.
A Simulation-Based Decision Support System for Managing Information Technology Project Portfolios
Authors: Laslo Zohar , Gurevich Gregory
Published: July 2013

The complicatedness in conducting software development derives from the probabilistic assessment of future conditions or unclear requirements and project implications. Information technology project portfolio management is more complex and presents program managers with the challenge of dynamic decision-making in the context of target revisions and project selection (continuation of active projects at various budgeting levels, termination of other active projects and launching new projects). The authors propose a simulation-based decision support system for managing information technology project portfolios. At each control (decision) point, this data support system enables ’optimizing’ each project planning subject to alternative determinations of time and cost chance constraints, and evaluating the up-to-date chance of alternative project selections being within the project portfolio budget. These ’optimizations’ and evaluations are provided by a stochastic procedure based on Monte Carlo simulations. In contrast with deterministic procedures that are highly inadequate since they mostly provide erroneous results, the stochastic procedure is appropriate since it analyses a higher level of information and provides more accurate results. The proposed system enables the program manager to decipher highly complex simulation results and make decisions based on up-to-date data. It can be easily implemented even by non-experts.
Big Vendor vs. Little Vendor
Authors: Cua Francisco , Reames Steve
Published: July 2013

The majority of international organizations, especially technologist “fast or first movers” who invest in a new enterprise resource planning systems (ERP) project are considered Laggards or “late arrivers” by a major software vendor. The majority of the Laggards segment does not purchase ERP software from a vendor without an established track record. Obviously, small or less prestigious vendors have difficulty fulfilling their bottom line without tapping the Laggards market. This paper is a critical and non-empirical review to better understand this complex phenomenon. A case study was conducted within a large public sector university in Australasia during a major ERP-managed project utilizing the Diffusion of Innovations theory integrating it with the concepts of internationalization. The findings confirm that small software vendors have a great challenge to overcome. But the Diffusion of Innovation could be one of many social analysis building blocks for promoting the “Little Vendor” over the “Big Vendor.”
Design Satisfaction Measurement
Authors: Chen Wei Tong
Published: July 2013

This study presents a novel model for evaluating design satisfaction (DS) for primary school construction projects. The proposed model consists of three aspects including Teaching space design, Campus planning and design, and Eco-awareness oriented and 19 DS evaluation items (DSEIs). Eco-awareness oriented was the most important aspect and must be exerted during the design phase of school construction based on the DS evaluation results of 10 schools. Additionally, special attention should be paid to design of natural lighting in classroom (DSEI5), utilization of color in classroom (DSEI7) and construction scheduling and planning (DSEI11) as they are important DSEIs that received low satisfaction scores. The results of this study contribute to the efforts to improve DS and the quality of primary school construction. The framework, methodology, and analytical tools used in the study can be applied to build similar models for other aspects of construction and service performance for school construction projects.
Differential Regulation of TLR-Dependent MyD88 and TRIF Signaling Pathways by Free Zinc Ions
Authors: Brieger Anne , Rink Lothar , Haase Hajo
Published: July 2013

Zinc signals are utilized by several immune cell receptors. One is TLR4, which causes an increase of free zinc ions (Zn2+) that is required for the MyD88-dependent expression of inflammatory cytokines. This study investigates the role of Zn2+ on Toll/IL-1R domain–containing adapter inducing IFN-β (TRIF)–dependent signals, the other major intracellular pathway activated by TLR4. Chelation of Zn2+ with the membrane-permeable chelator N,N,N’,N’-Tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine augmented TLR4-mediated production of IFN-β and subsequent synthesis of inducible NO synthase and production of NO. The effect is based on Zn2+ acting as a negative regulator of the TRIF pathway via reducing IFN regulatory factor 3 activation. This was also observed with TLR3, the only TLR that signals exclusively via TRIF, but not MyD88, and does not trigger a zinc signal. In contrast, IFN-γ–induced NO production was unaffected by N,N,N’,N’-Tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine. Taken together, Zn2+ is specifically involved in TLR signaling, where it differentially regulates MyD88 and TRIF signaling via a zinc signal or via basal Zn2+ levels, respectively.
VP2 Dominated CD4+ T Cell Responses against Enterovirus 71 and Cross-Reactivity against Coxsackievirus A16 and Polioviruses in a Healthy Population
Authors: Tan Shuguang , Tan Xiaojuan , Sun Xiaoman , Lu Guangwen , Chen Chun-Chi , Yan Jinghua , Liu Jun , Xu Wenbo , Gao George F.
Published: July 2013

Enterovirus 71 (EV71)–associated hand-foot-mouth disease has become a major threat to public health in the Asia–Pacific region. Although T cell immunity is closely correlated with clinical outcomes of EV71 infection, little is known about T cell immunity baseline against EV71 and T cell immunogenecity of EV71 Ags in the population, which has restricted our understanding of immunoprotection mechanisms. In this study, we investigated the cellular immune responses against the four structural Ags of EV71 and determined the immunohierarchy of these Ags in healthy adults. A low frequency of EV71-responsive T cells was detected circulating in peripheral blood, and broad T cell immune responses could be identified in most of the subjects after in vitro expansion. We demonstrated that the VP2 Ag with broad distribution of immunogenic peptides dominates T cell responses against EV71 compared with VP1, VP3, and VP4. Furthermore, the responses were illuminated to be mainly single IFN-γ–secreting CD4+ T cell dependent, indicating the previous natural acute viral infection of the adult population. Conservancy analysis of the immunogenic peptides revealed that moderately variant peptides were in the majority in coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16) whereas most of the peptides were highly variant in polioviruses. Less efficient cross-reactivity against CV-A16 might broadly exist among individuals, whereas influences derived from poliovirus vaccination would be limited. Our findings suggest that the significance of VP2 Ag should be addressed in the future EV71-responsive immunological investigations. And the findings concerning the less efficient cross-reactivity against CV-A16 and limited influences from poliovirus vaccination in EV71-contacted population would contribute to a better understanding of immunoprotection mechanisms against enteroviruses.
Social ethics in South Africa: Initiating a dialogue between its relevance and current status
Authors: Fourie Willem
Published: July 2013

South African biblical scholars – particularly those who focus on the Old Testament – are known for their engagement with themes that can be termed social ethical. This impulse is used as starting point to investigate the relevance of social ethics in South Africa and its current status. It is argued that social ethical reflection is of particular relevance for South Africa. This thesis is investigated in two ways. Firstly, the applicability of social ethics as academic field is examined and it is shown that post-apartheid South African political institutions, systems and processes themselves are subjected to major changes and developments – a traditional area of focus of social ethics. Secondly, the current status of social ethical reflection in theological journals based in South Africa is investigated. The article concludes by showing that the current status of social ethical reflection in South African academic theology does not reflect the perceived need for social ethical reflection.