bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Human motor function estimation based on EMG signal fractal dimension standard deviation
Authors: Zhang Xia , Tao Sihan , Hu Jinjia , Lin Shuai , Hashimoto Minoru
Published: October 2020

Wearable robots must adjust the assist mode/intensity according to human motion during the motion assistance process. By decoding the surface electromyography (sEMG) signal, the standard deviation of the fractal dimension is used as a characteristic index of muscle contraction-relaxation ability, and explore the feasibility of using the standard deviation of the fractal dimension to estimate the human motor function and thus provide a basis for decision-making for the flexible control of wearable robots. First, the sEMG signals of several subjects with different motor functions were collected and their time-domain and frequency-domain features were extracted. The experimental results for one hour of walking showed that the time-domain and frequency-domain feature values increased with muscle fatigue. The trend has little to do with the inherent motor function of the human body; Second, due to the strong nonlinearity, time-varying, and strong complexity of the sEMG signal, the fractal dimension nonlinear method is used to characterize the complexity of the EMG signal that is closely related to muscle function. Besides, theoretical and experimental studies have been conducted to clarify the feasibility of the complexity of fractal dimension representation and to provide theoretical support for the further use of the standard deviation of fractal dimension to estimate human motor function. The experimental results of continuous walking for one hour show that, macroscopically, the fractal dimension of each muscle of the individual subject does not change significantly with walking time, which shows that the fractal dimension has nothing to do with exercise time and muscle fatigue; On the microscopic level, the value of the fractal dimension changes when the subject’s muscles contract and relax. Subjects with strong motor function have smaller fractal dimensions when their muscles contract than subjects with weaker motor function, and the opposite happens when their muscles relax, and it can be seen that there is a positive correlation between the difference in the fractal dimension during muscle contraction and relaxation and the muscle contraction-relaxation ability and the human body’s inherent motor function. The test results verify the feasibility of using the standard deviation of fractal dimension to estimate the intrinsic motor function of the human body.
The effectiveness of physical education teaching in college based on Artificial intelligence methods
Authors: Li Zihao , Wang Hejin
Published: October 2020

Traditional physical education in colleges and universities is difficult to arouse students’ interest in sports, resulting in low activity participation rate and inability to exercise the body. How to effectively improve the effectiveness of physical education in colleges and universities has become one of the hot topics of most concern from all walks of life. In physical education, innovative teaching concepts and methods, teaching methods and processes, and teaching evaluation methods are all conducive to improving the classroom atmosphere of physical education and successfully improve the effectiveness of physical education. This article focuses on analyzing the current status of physical education in colleges and universities. Based on the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, how to improve the effectiveness of physical education is studied, and an experimental method is used to compare and analyze physical education in a college. The analysis results show that artificial intelligence-based physical education can obviously improve students’ strength quality, speed quality, endurance quality, and agility quality, which provides a more important reference and reference for improving the effectiveness of college physical education.
Fuzzy random Newsboy problem with chance distribution
Authors: Adhikary Krishnendu , Roy Jagannath , Kar Samarjit
Published: October 2020

Due to increasing difficulty and challenging issues of newsboy problem under uncertainty, managers seek newer and appropriate approaches to apprehend more accurately the demand for perishable products and or the products having a short shelf life. This paper investigates a newsboy problem with fuzzy random demand in a single product business scenario. The classical newsboy model is extended to a fuzzy random newsboy problem to determine the optimal order quantity and expected profit under hybrid uncertainty. To solve the proposed model, a new solution approach based on chance constraint programming is proposed to formulate the crisp equivalent form of the fuzzy random newsboy model. Numerical examples and a real-life case study are presented to show the utility of the projected model. From the outcomes, decision makers can make comprehensive recommendations for the optimal order quantity and expected profit obtained by our proposed model under two-folded uncertainty. Also, a sensitivity analysis suggests that the profit and order quantity will increase (or decrease) with the increase (or decrease) of the mean demand.
LU Decomposition method to solve bipolar fuzzy linear systems
Authors: Akram Muhammad , Muhammad Ghulam , Allahviranloo Tofigh , Hussain Nawab
Published: October 2020

The aim of this work is to solve the linear system of equations using LU decomposition method in bipolar fuzzy environment. We assume a special case when the coefficient matrix of the system is symmetric positive definite. We discuss this point in detail by giving some numerical examples. Moreover, we investigate m × n inconsistent bipolar fuzzy matrix equation and find the least square solution of the inconsistent bipolar fuzzy matrix using the generalized inverse matrix theory. The existence of the strong bipolar fuzzy least square solution of the inconsistent bipolar fuzzy matrix is discussed. In the end, a numerical example is presented to illustrate our proposed method.
Alpha-Synuclein Protofibrils in Cerebrospinal Fluid: A Potential Biomarker for Parkinson's Disease
Authors: von Euler Chelpin Marianne , Söderberg Linda , Fälting Johanna , Möller Christer , Giorgetti Marco , Constantinescu Radu , Blennow Kaj , Zetterberg Henrik , Höglund Kina
Published: October 2020

Background: Currently, there is no established biomarker for Parkinson's disease (PD) and easily accessible biomarkers are crucial for developing disease-modifying treatments. Objective: To develop a novel method to quantify cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of α-synuclein protofibrils (α-syn PF) and apply it to clinical cohorts of patients with PD and atypical parkinsonian disorders. Methods: A cohort composed of 49 patients with PD, 12 with corticobasal degeneration (CBD), 22 with progressive supranuclear palsy, and 33 controls, that visited the memory clinic but had no biomarker signs of Alzheimer’s disease (AD, tau<350 pg/mL, amyloid-beta 42 (Aβ42)>530 pg/mL, and phosphorylated tau (p-tau)<60 pg/mL) was used in this study. The CSF samples were analyzed with the Single molecule array (Simoa) technology. Total α-synuclein (α-syn) levels were analyzed with a commercial ELISA-kit. Results: The assay is specific to α-syn PF, with no cross-reactivity to monomeric α-syn, or the β- and γ-synuclein variants. CSF α-syn PF levels were increased in PD compared with controls (62.1 and 40.4 pg/mL, respectively, p = 0.03), and CBD (62.1 and 34.2 pg/mL, respectively, p = 0.02). The accuracy of predicting PD using α-syn PF is significantly different from controls (area under the curve 0.68, p = 0.0097) with a sensitivity of 62.8% and specificity of 67.7%. Levels of total α-syn were significantly different between the PD and CBD groups (p = 0.04). Conclusion: The developed method specifically quantifies α-syn PF in human CSF with increased concentrations in PD, but with an overlap with asymptomatic elderly controls.
Economic victimisation of convict’s family: Statistical analysis through SPSS
Authors: Sarkar Snigdha , Samanta Sasmita , Mitra Arpita
Published: October 2020

In new age scenario Prisons are meant not only to punish the convict but also correct the situation and habits of the convicts, who is responsible for inflicting harm on the victim. But family members of the convict are also the victim in the process and situation. Convicts family face the horrific situation during this process. Prisoner’s families are maltreated directly and indirectly by the society. They live in destitution. Imprisonment of family member not only diminishes the earnings of adult men but also reduces familial resources for the basic necessities of life. The family members have to sacrifice their children’s education, ancestor’s property, past savings, in some cases even necessary wants of their life. We always think about the victim on whom the harm has been directly inflicted and completely ignore the harm inflicted on the kin of the convict. The present study is an endeavour to bring to light the economic vulnerability of families of convicts in a prison in Bhubaneswar. After interviewing the family members of prisoners, statistical analysis is done through SPSS. The findings are elaborated in narrative manner so that the findings will be helpful for policy makers in future.
Comparison of minimally invasive approaches and standard median parapatellar approach for total knee arthroplasty: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Zhang Li , Li Xian , Rüwald Julian M. , Welle Kristian , Schildberg Frank A. , Kabir Koroush
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND: Minimally invasive total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has been actively advertised by the orthopedic industry. The purpose of this network meta-analysis was to comprehensively compare the effectiveness of four minimally invasive surgery (MIS) approaches and the medial parapatellar (MPP) approach to improve the American Knee Society Score (KSS) in primary TKA. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Studies were comprehensively searched on PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library (CENTRAL), Web of Science and Science Direct up to June 2018 with a major focus on the outcome of KSS. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Quality assessment was performed using the GRADE system. Both pair-wise and network meta-analyses are calculated to comprehensively compare the effectiveness of four MIS and TKA approaches. RESULTS: Eleven trials with 1025 knees undergoing TKA were included. Our analysis showed that both MPP and MIS approaches provided improvement in terms of short-term (four-eight weeks) total, objective and functional KSS. The network-meta analysis revealed that MIS approaches showed a trend towards superior KSS improvement over standard MPP approaches. However, statistical advantages were only observed in the mini-MPP group for functional KSS compared to the conventional MPP and quadriceps-sparing (QS) groups. CONCLUSIONS: Evidence shows that MIS TKA approaches are effective alternatives to MPP approaches. However, orthopedic surgeons should be cautiously optimistic about minimally invasive TKA in terms of KSS improvement.
Reflections on the Covid-19 pandemic in Low and Middle Income Countries (LMIC)
Authors: Alvar Ezquerra Jorge
Published: October 2020

The Covid-19 pandemic has rapidly expanded from China to the other continents, following global economic activity and international travels. In LMIC, the rapid political decision process necessary for either its mitigation or suppression is conditioned by the huge economic impact that will lead millions to extreme poverty. The incidence in these countries is variable and depends on the state of the economy and the control measures adopted once the first cases showed up but also on a combination of social factors such as population density, family overcrowding and the productive system. In the absence of a vaccine, control of the pandemic can only be achieved where a strong epidemiological surveillance is present, for which the possibilities are very limited in LMIC. The strategic priorities in these countries are thus based on capacity building of laboratories, surveillance, prevention and control in hospitals, case management, communication and logistics.
Covid-19 infection is characterized by endotheliitis and an inflammatory reaction with a multi-organ symptomatology. It is unknown how it manifests clinically in LMIC where endemic diseases with similar physio-pathological mechanisms are highly prevalent. Beyond the limited medical capacities in many LMIC with its consequences in terms of morbi-mortality, the response capacity depends on the setup of non-pharmaceutical measures at the individual and social level to avoid the spread of the virus. These measures, apart from economic implications, have societal consequences for mental health and coexistence, and also structural ones since the pandemic has caused a collapse of the already weak health systems at the primary and hospital levels. Moreover, the fact that the majority of attention and resources have been diverted to Covid-19, with direct damage to the rest of communicable and non-communicable programs, will lead to an increase of other diseases, poverty and mortality.
Finally, assuming that the advances will come from the North, a fluid dialogue with the South is required in the decision making process regarding the distribution of medicines or vaccines that will be used in the near future, and when and how these will be tested, and this without preventing the LMIC capacities to carry out their own research. The coordination with WHO and a number of ad-hoc platforms is of paramount importance to empower the South to decide about its future. Only solidarity and concerted efforts by the public and private sectors can avert an even bigger disaster.
Síndrome de Burnout: Definição, fatores causadores e possibilidades de enfrentamento
Authors: Santos Karen Christina Rodrigues dos
Published: October 2020

Atualmente, o trabalho ocupa um lugar relevante na vida da humanidade, pois, além da manutenção da subsistência, torna-se um mediador das suas relações sociais, podendo resultar em muitos sofrimentos psíquicos. Um exemplo é a Síndrome de Burnout, patologia que acomete os trabalhadores e é caracterizada por estafa mental e a insatisfação na realização do trabalho. Neste cenário, ocorre um consumo físico e emocional, e o indivíduo passa a apresentar um comportamento agressivo e irritadiço. Assim, este trabalho teve como objetivo discorrer sobre a Síndrome de Burnout, apresentar sua definição, identificar os fatores causadores e apresentar propostas de prevenção. Para alcançar os objetivos propostos, utilizou-se como recurso metodológico a pesquisa bibliográfica, que teve como base para desenvolvimento autores nacionais e internacionais. A partir disso, foi realizada análise minuciosa de literatura científica divulgada em livros, bancos de dados e bases de dados como Lilacs, SciELO e Google Acadêmico, no período entre 2007 e 2018. Há três fatores frequentemente encontrados nos casos de Síndrome de Burnout e que podem se apresentar de forma independente: despersonalização, exaustão emocional e baixo envolvimento pessoal no trabalho. O início de um tratamento adequado está em um diagnóstico preciso, que não cause confusão entre Síndrome de Burnout e outro tipo de transtorno psicológico, como depressão, transtornos de humor ou de ansiedade. A Síndrome de Burnout pode ser evitada, desde que a cultura da organização promova medidas preventivas do estresse crônico e ações que enalteçam o indivíduo como peça importante nas engrenagens. Entende-se, também, que o enfrentamento depende do empenho do indivíduo em superar a condição.
The Monstrous Other and the Biblical Narrative of Ruth
Authors: Lyonhart Jonathan , Matheny Jennifer
Published: October 2020

Guillermo Del Toro’s The Shape of Water (2017) restages the biblical narrative of Ruth in Cold War America, crystallizing the parallel through setting numerous scenes at a local cinema that is playing The Story of Ruth (1960). The book of Ruth tells the tale of how a non-Israelite outsider could be welcomed into the kingdom of God and ultimately into the lineage of Christ. Likewise, del Toro populates his tale with multiple outsiders—multiple ‘Ruths’—including a mute woman, an African American cleaner, a Russian Communist, and an elderly homosexual male. However, these are merely reflections of the ultimate outsider, Del Toro’s ‘Monster’. A new and anthropomorphic species of fish has been caught by the government, and these four outsiders must bind together in order to return him to the sea. During this process, the mute Elisa and the Monster make love, transgressing multiple sexual norms of the age and symbolizing true unity with ‘the other’ (all while being equally as ribald as Ruth at the foot of Boaz’ bed). This ‘otherness’ is contrasted throughout by the main antagonist, Strickland, who quotes bible verses about power in order to justify his own abusive behaviour, suggesting that the central ideological tension in the narrative is between a theology of power and a theology of liberation. The film then ends with the villain dying, while the mute Elisa is resurrected and given the promise of “happily ever after,” paralleling the coming of Christ from the line of Ruth and suggesting that the only way into the kingdom of heaven is through embracing ‘the other’. This parallel is likely intentional, for del Toro similarly ended Pan’s Labyrinth (2007) with the protagonist resurrecting to heaven. Thus, del Toro—himself a Mexican immigrant—has used film and theology to craft a modern version of Ruth that transgresses multiple boundaries in a way similar to the ancient version. Further, in making his modern Ruth into a sea-monster, he not only hints at ethnic, normative and cultural liberation for humans, but the embracing of a trans-human liberation that could include animals and possibly even the future rights of AI.
Consuming Bollywood
Authors: Gera Roy Anjali
Published: October 2020

Hindi popular cinema, marked with sartorial, visual and material excess, has paradoxically portrayed acquisition of wealth or unregulated consumption as inimical to the Chaturvarga philosophy, or the idea that an individual should seek four goods – Artha (wealth), Kama (pleasure), Dharma (duty) and Moksha (renunciation) - in moderation in order to lead a balanced life. While its visual imagery is largely oriented towards Artha or pleasure, Dharma, in its meaning as duty, has been the prime motivation of Hindi or Bombay cinema’s characters and structures the cinematic conflict and action. However, Hindi cinema appears to have undergone a phase-shift in the new millennium in its new Bollywood avatar in which consumerist pleasure is not viewed as incompatible with altruism, or even ethical values. New millennium Bollywood cinema articulates a new esthetic of pleasure that is inscribed on the eating, drinking, singing, dancing, loving body that appears to be attuned to global consumerism. While pleasure and consumption have always been Bollywood’s signature tunes, never have they been represented as congruent with Hindu family values or social responsibility as they are now. Although Dharma still wins in the end in new millennium Bollywood, it is not viewed as being inconsistent with the pursuit of wealth and pleasure or Artha (pleasure) or even renunciation or Moksha (renunciation). Traditionally, Dana (Pāli, Sanskrit: दान dāna) or generosity or giving, a form of alms as a form of religious act enjoined upon the individual has legitimized pursuit of Artha (wealth) and ensured the individual’s Moksha (spiritual salvation). The new Bollywood film legitimizes the pursuit of Artha and Kama through a form of non-reciprocal giving or Dana through which Hindu philosophy has traditionally balanced the pursuit of wealth. This essay reads the new Bollywood film within the framework of Chaturvarga and Dana to argue that these structuring principles enable a cultural artifact to mediate and resist the neo-liberalist ideology adopted in the economic and political realm. In particular, it will focus on its articulation of the Hindu notion of Dana (charity) in the context of global consumerism.
Queer Muslim Diasporas in Contemporary Literature and Film
Authors: Muneeruddin Hina
Published: October 2020

This is a book review of Alberto Fernández Carbajal's Queer Muslim Diasporas in Contemporary Literature and Film.
Visiones rizomáticas de la enseñanza de la matemática como decolonialidad
Authors: Rodríguez Milagros Elena
Published: October 2020

La indagación enmarcada en la línea de investigación titulada “Transepistemologías de los saberes y transmetodologías transcomplejas” analiza el imperativo de decolonizar la enseñanza de la matemática en el Sur, como posiciones transepistémicas bajo estructuras rizomáticas, que contribuirán a generar una nueva visión de la matemática: compleja, transdisciplinar, religada, solidaria y decolonizada. Se posiciona la mirada en el Sur, donde la matemática ha tenido grandes avances desde el origen de la humanidad y que han sido encubiertas con la colonización. Emergen discusiones pendientes de otra educación matemática que nos permita asumirnos como sujetos históricos y políticos que dan sentido a su existencia al romper su sujeción ideológica a los marcos epistémicos, culturales, axiológicos y ontológicos sobre los que se erigió e instituye la actual matriz de dominación neocolonial de la enseñanza de la matemática modernista.
QUALITY OF LIFE PADA LANSIA
Authors: Zahroh Chilyatiz , Ekawati Lina , Munjidah Annif , Afridah Wiwik , Noventi Iis , Winoto Priyo Mukti Pribadi
Published: October 2020

Masalah. Kualitas hidup adalah persepsi individu terhadap kehidupannya dimasyarakat dalam konteks budaya dan sistem nilai yang ada terkait dengan tujuan, standar, dan perhatian. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kualitas hidup pada Lansia di Desa Paseseh Jl. Melati Kecamatan Tanjung Bumi Kabupaten Bangkalan.

Metode. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah lansia di Desa Paseseh Jl. Melati Kecamatan Tanjung Bumi Kabupaten Bangkalan yang berjumlah 32 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan non probability sampling dengan teknik Total sampling dimana jumlah sampel sama dengan jumlah populasi. Variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah variabel tunggal yaitu  Quality of Life Yang diukur menggunakan kuesioner dari Word Health Organization Quality Of Life (WHQOL)-BREF. Analisa data disajikan dalam tabel distribusi frekuensi dan dijelaskan secara deskriptif.

Hasil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Lansia di Desa Pasese Bangkalan 53.2% memiliki kualitas hidup baik, 28.1% kualitas hidup biasa-biasa saja, 15.6% sangat baik, dan 3.1% buruk.

Simpulan. Upaya untuk meningkatkan quality of life pada lansia dengan memberikan perhatian dan perawatan yang baik sehingga lansia hidup dalam keadaan sehat, aktif serta menikmati masa tua dengan bahagia.
FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN TUBERCULIN SKIN TEST POSITIF PADA PETUGAS KESEHATAN DI RUMAH SAKIT DI KOTA JEMBER
Authors: Retno Wardani Hamidah , Mertaniasih Ni Made , Soedarsono Soedarsono
Published: October 2020

Tuberkulosis merupakan penyakit infeksi yang tidak hanya ada di komunitas tetapi juga di tempat kerja seperti pelayanan kesehatan. Petugas kesehatan di Rumah Sakit memiliki risiko tinggi terpajan droplet yang mengandung Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeteksi positif tuberculin skin test pada petugas kesehatan di Rumah Sakit di Kota Jember. Penelitian ini menggunakan cross-sectional, pada bulan Januari sampai Maret 2020 di dua rumah sakit di kota jember. Masing-masing petugas kesehatan di unit perawatan TB dan unit perawatan non TB dievaluasi menggunakan Tuberculin skin test dengan cut-off ? 10 mm untuk positif tuberculin skin test. Deteksi positif tuberculin skin test terjadi pada 77 (60.2%) petugas kesehatan dari total 128 petugas kesehatan. Faktor risiko jenis kelamin laki-laki (p-value=0.329; OR=1.425; CI=0.6499-2.904), rentang usia (p-value=0.676; OR=0.740; CI=0.176-3.101), BMI (p-value=0.539), riwayat merokok (p-value=0.132; OR=2.059; CI=0.796-5.330), riwayat kontak TB di keluarga (p-value=0.481; OR=1.555; CI=0.452-5.348), riwayat bekerja di unit TB (p-value=0.692; OR=1.154; CI=0.568-2.344) tidak memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan reaksi tuberculin skin test positif. Reaksi tuberculin skin test positif dengan prevalensi yang tinggi terjadi pada petugas kesehatan yang berisiko meningkatkan risiko terjadinya TB aktif pada petugas kesehatan di Rumah Sakit di Jember. Dibutuhkan suatu program untuk mencegah terjadinya TB pada petugas kesehatan.   

 

Kata kunci: Tuberculin skin test; petugas kesehatan; faktor risiko
Clément Marot, traducteur évangélique des Rerum vulgarium fragmenta de Pétrarque
Authors: Raimondo Riccardo
Published: October 2020

Clément Marot est le premier traducteur français des Rerum vulgarium fragmenta de Pétrarque. Sa traduction intitulée Six sonnetz de Petrarque sur la mort de sa dame Laure procède d’un geste traductif qui célèbre la langue françoyse, en harmonie avec les idéaux de la cour de François Ier et avec l’édification d’un « italianisme royal » considéré comme élément fondateur de la translatio studii et imperii. La préciosité de l’édition et le style qui se greffe en partie sur la tradition des rhétoriqueurs renvoient d’abord à une traduction courtisane qui vise l’ornementation poétique. Un regard plus attentif révèle aussi ses profondes inspirations évangéliques et un geste traductif novateur à une époque où la distinction entre traduction et imitation n’était pas encore nette.
Serious Play: Sir John Harington’s Material-Textual Errancy in Orlando Furioso in English Heroical Verse (1591)
Authors: Reid Joshua
Published: October 2020

Sir John Harington’s Orlando Furioso in English Heroical Verse (1591) is a significant example of material-textual Englishing: under the direction of Harington, his book’s emblematic title page, copperplate engravings, typography, mise-en-page, and commentary apparatus are all transmutations of the preeminent Italian editions of the sixteenth century, most notably Francesco de Franceschi’s lavish 1584 edition. This article traces how Harington cannily deploys his bibliographic code in metatextual and metavisual ways to call attention to how the material-textual manipulates the reader’s experience. In what could be called an act of early postmodern deconstruction, Harington playfully dismantles the edifying structures of pragmatic humanism in the same way that romance dissolves epic.
Amerikkalainen kasvatussosiologia, nyt!
Authors: Antikainen Ari
Published: October 2020

Amerikkalaisella kasvatussosiologialla on pitkä historia. Vuosisadan vaihteessa syntynyt pedagoginen sosiologia alkoi korkein odotuksin, mutta sisälsi vähän korkeatasoista tutkimusta. Utopia muuttui tragediaksi, joka päättyi kasvatustieteilijäin ja sosiologien paluuseen omiin emotieteisiinsä. Tuoreempi kasvatussosiologinen tutkimus jakaantuu valtavirtaan (funktionalismiin) ja radikaaleihin – tai eurooppalaisittain kriittisiin – teorioihin. Edellisen vahva puoli on empiiristen menetelmien käyttö ja jälkimmäisen vakava pyrkimys rakentaa teoria. Artikkelissa kerrotaan ensimmäisiä tuloksia kymmenen tutkijan teemahaastattelusta. He kertovat ammatillisesta identiteettikuvastaan, arvioivat kasvatussosiologian tilaa ja haasteita sekä kertovat käsityksensä amerikkalaisen yhteiskunnan ja koulutuksen muutoksesta. Lopuksi pohditaan kasvatussosiologian tulevaisuutta. Kirjoituksesta on löydettävissä rinnastuksia meidän tilanteeseemme.
O uso da ferramenta formulários do google para pesquisas com pessoas com deficiência visual
Authors: Silva Wesley Pereira da , Mól Gerson de Souza , Santana Ramon de Oliveira
Published: October 2020

Este trabalho relata uma investigação que objetiva identificar e analisar a acessibilidade da ferramenta ‘Formulários do Google’ por leitores de tela, os quais são frequentemente utilizados por pessoas com deficiência visual. Esse conhecimento é importante, considerando que tal ferramenta é cada vez mais utilizada como instrumento para realização de pesquisas em Ensino de Ciências e em Educação, nas quais estão presentes essas pessoas. O estudo foi ancorado em uma abordagem qualitativa, a qual utilizou o questionário como técnica de pesquisa. As contribuições desses indivíduos ocorreram por meio das respostas ao questionário e por e-mails enviados por eles para os pesquisadores. Foi possível constatar que os leitores de tela Jaws, NVDA e VoiceOver são totalmente acessíveis e compatíveis com os Formulários do Google. 
Palavras-chave: Deficiência visual; Formulários do Google; Leitores de tela; Recurso de acessibilidade digital.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF “GHOST DEFINITION” IN TEACHING VOCABULARY
Authors: Imran Fathurrahman
Published: October 2020

This research aimed to find out whether ghost definition is effective or not in teaching vocabulary at the first semester of FPBS IKIP Mataram in academic year 2013/2014”. The research design used was experimental research by using post-test design only. The population of this research was 80 students, which consist of 3 classes. Then, the researcher took only 2 classes or 52 students as the sample. In collecting the data, the researcher used the data obtained from the posttest given after treatment. By analyzing the data, researcher can find out the differences between the result of post-test of the control group and the experimental group before and after the treatment. The analysis of results may be subdivided into descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The finding show that the mean score of experimental group was higher than control group (X1 73.28 > X2 62.66) while, the score of t-test was 2.16 and t-table was 2.00856 (t-test 2.16 > t-table 2.00856) with 50 degree of freedom and the confidence level of 0.05%. Thus, conclusion of this research showed that ghost definition was effective in teaching English vocabulary. It can be concluded that the null hypothesis (Ho) was rejected and the alternative hypothesis (Ha) was accepted. Based on the findings, it is suggested that the lecturer expected to apply ghost definition in teaching English vocabulary at any time and then the students always practice to be more active in memorizing new words.
VERONIKA`S PERSONALITY DETERMINANT AND EGO-STATE IN VERONIKA DECIDE TO DIE IN PAULO COELHO
Authors: Tawali Tawali
Published: October 2020

This research is aimed to revel the personality determinant and Veronika`s ego-state. The theory that applied in this research is personality determinant by Elizabeth Hurlock and transactional analysis proposed by Eric Berne. The method used in this research is qualitative descriptive method. The condition that Veronika experiences is that her mother in determining her future pressures Veronika`s life. Everything that she wants to do, it must be controlled by her mother. Finally, she feels tired living with that condition therefore she prefers to end up her life through suicide. Unlikely, she is failure in doing it. It is found out aspiration and achievement, education, social, emotion, family, sex, physical, and intellectual factor determinant her personality. However, her personality is dominant by family factor. Her view in relationship toward a life and death are she feels happy living when she was to child. However, she feels empty when she is adult women and has everything. She gets bored with her routine activity such as go for working in the morning and gets back in the afternoon. She has not any purpose of life anymore. Since living the mental hospital, her life rise back. She understands the meaning of life through motivation from her friends and love from young man. There are three aspects of her ego-state within her such as parents, adult, and child aspects. However, the adult ego state determinates from them all.
Meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar Akidah Akhlak Melalui Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Mastery Learning bagi Siswa MTs. Hidayaturrahman NW Menggala
Authors: Sahari Sahari
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study was to improve student learning outcomes through the implementation of teacher strategies using Mastery Learning in learning akidah akhlak at MTs. Hidayaturrahman NW Menggala. The method used in this research is classroom action research which consists of 2 cycles. The subjects of this study were students of class VII-A MTs Hidayaturrahman NW Menggala. The data collection techniques used were observation, interviews and tests. While the data analysis technique used is descriptive qualitative and quantitative. The results of this study indicate that the percentage results of each cycle are: (1) Pre-Cycle, the average value of student learning outcomes is 62.71%; (2) Cycle I, the resulting average value is 71.337%; and (3) Cycle II, the resulting average value is 83.33%. So based on these results it can be concluded that student learning outcomes increase with the application of the mastery learning learning model.
Exposure of the Gulf of St. Lawrence grey seal Halichoerus grypus population to potentially zoonotic infectious agents
Authors: Sauvé CC , Hernández-Ortiz A , Jenkins E , Mavrot F , Schneider A , Kutz S , Saliki JT , Daoust PY
Published: October 2020

The population of grey sealsHalichoerus grypusin Canadian waters is currently used as a commercial source of meat for human consumption. As with domestic livestock, it is important to understand the occurrence in these seals of infectious agents that may be of public health significance and thus ensure appropriate measures are in place to avoid zoonotic transmission. This study examined the prevalence of antibodies againstBrucellaspp.,Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, 6 serovars ofLeptospira interrogans, andToxoplasma gondiiin 59 grey seals and determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) the presence of these potentially zoonotic agents in specific organs and tissues of seropositive animals. The presence of encystedTrichinellaspp. larvae was also investigated by digestion of tongue, diaphragm and other muscle samples, but none were detected. Seroprevalence againstBrucellaspp. andE. rhusiopathiaewas low (5 and 3%, respectively). All 59 seals tested had antibodies againstL. interrogans, but no carrier of this bacterium was detected by PCR. Seroprevalence againstT. gondiiwas 53%, and DNA of this protozoan was detected by PCR in 11/30 (37%) seropositive animals. Standard sanitary measures mandatory for commercialization of meat products for human consumption should greatly reduce the potential for exposure to these infectious agents. However, special consideration should be given to freezing seal meat for at least 3 d to ensure destruction of tissue cysts ofT. gondii.
Changes in ocean conditions and hurricanes affect porbeagle Lamna nasus diving behavior
Authors: Wang Z , Horwitz R , Bowlby HD , Ding F , Joyce WN
Published: October 2020

Recovered archival satellite tags afford a rare opportunity to evaluate diving behavior relative to ocean conditions at fine spatiotemporal scales. Ocean temperature and mixed layer depth (MLD) were strongly related to daily and seasonal patterns in diving behavior of an adult female porbeagle shark Lamna nasus. The shark remained below MLD when waters were strongly stratified in summer or in the Gulf Stream; the daily timing of dives was associated with local sunrise and sunset. In the presence of a hurricane, diving activity abruptly increased, coincident with upwelling causing an abrupt decrease in surface temperature. Our first report of the behavioral response to a hurricane as well as the seasonal patterns in depths, occupied temperatures, and vertical speeds suggest environmental preferences of porbeagle are not static and individuals may use horizontal, as well as vertical, movement to take advantage of areas with specific characteristics.
From trips to bouts to dives: temporal patterns in the diving behaviour of chick-rearing Adélie penguins, East Antarctica
Authors: Riaz J , Bestley⁠ S , Wotherspoon S , Freyer⁠ J , Emmerson L
Published: October 2020

Breeding Adélie penguins forage at sea and return to land to provision their chicks, adjusting their foraging behaviour in response to environmental fluctuations over time. At Béchervaise Island, a nesting site in an East Antarctic population, Adélie penguin diving behaviour remains undocumented. This represents a key area of uncertainty in efforts to understand and predict foraging success at this colony. We compiled a multi-year telemetry dataset from time-depth recorders deployed from 1992 to 2004 on 64 birds at Béchervaise Island. We examined diving activity at multiple scales, ranging from foraging trips (n = 125) to dive bouts (n = 3461) to individual dives (n = 84521), and then characterised the stage- and sex-specific variation in diving behaviour of chick-rearing Adélie penguins using linear mixed effect models. Total foraging trip effort (trip duration, number of dives, vertical distance travelled and number of wiggles [a proxy for prey ingestion]) substantially increased as the chick-rearing period progressed (guard through crèche), consistent with increasing chick provisioning and self-maintenance requirements over time. Foraging activity was predominantly structured in periods of sustained diving bouts, indicating sustained foraging effort over the course of the foraging trip. Diving behaviour (dive-level depth, duration, bottom time and attempts of catch per unit effort) varied in relation to sex and chick-rearing stage. Dives were performed more frequently during high and low levels of solar light, which is likely linked to visual predation strategies or prey activity. Our findings advance our understanding of this population’s foraging behaviour, which is ultimately required to underpin the conservation and management of this breeding colony.
Evaluation of Maternal Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels in Patients with Hyperemesis Gravidarum at Early Gestational Weeks
Authors: Kayılı Burcu , Oruç Muhammet Ali , Alan Yasemin , Alan Murat , Öztekin Deniz Can
Published: October 2020

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare vitamin D levels between pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum before 12 weeks of gestation and healthy pregnant women at similar ages.
Methods: Sixty pregnancies with hyperemesis gravidarum and 60 age compatible healthy pregnancies applied to our facility were included in the study. Demographic characteristics, maternal thyroid function tests and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D levels were evaluated. Student t test was used for the variables with normal distribution and Mann-Whitney U test was used to analyze the variables without normal distribution.
Results: Only one pregnant woman had normal vitamin D levels (>30ng/ml), whereas 71 patients had deficiency (10-30 ng/ml), and 48 had severe deficiency (<10 ng/ml). The mean vitamin D level of the total 120 pregnancies was 11.9±5.00 ng/ml (9.92±3.67 ng/ml in case group, 13.88±5.38 ng/ml in control group). The mean value of vitamin D was found to be significantly lower in hyperemesis gravidarum. 45% (n=27) of the pregnant women had vitamin D deficiency, whereas 55% (n=33) of them had severe deficiency. Free T3 and T4 levels were significantly higher than the control group, and thyroid-stimulating hormone level was significantly lower.
Conclusion: Vitamin D levels of pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum were significantly lower. Vitamin D deficiency should be considered in patients with hyperemesis gravidarum.
Keywords: pregnancy, hyperemesis gravidarum, Vitamin D deficiency
Evaluation of Physicians' Information Technology Readiness
Authors: Parlakkılıç Alaattin
Published: October 2020

Aim: In this study, the information technology and health informatics knowledge readiness of Turkish physicians were evaluated.

Methods: In the evaluation of the Information Technology Dimension, basic computer usage, health informatics concepts and privacy in health informatics were evaluated by a questionnaire.

Results: When the science education dimension and survey data were evaluated, it was observed that the male participants’ information technology readiness was higher than the female participants' information technology readiness. The average score of physicians was 3.5 in our study and it needs a personal effort to have a better information technology skills level. Another observation is that the informatics education dimension changes according to the age group, and it is determined that the participants at the early ages have more qualifications in terms of education.

Conclusion: Likewise, it is one of the results obtained in the evaluation of the data that young physicians have higher information technology skills. When the data were evaluated in terms of academic title, it was observed that informatics education was affected according to the academic title and basic computer usage skills were not affected by the title, but the information about health informatics was affected by the academic title.

Keywords: information technology, readiness, health informatics
Paleo-Geohydrology of Lake Chilwa, Malawi is the Source of Localised Groundwater Salinity and Rural Water Supply Challenges
Authors: Rivett Michael O. , Symon Shona , Jacobs Lucas , Banda Limbikani C. , Wanangwa Gift J. , Robertson Donald J. C. , Hassan Ibrahim , Miller Alexandra V. M. , Chavula Geoffrey M. S. , Songola Chrispine E. , Mbemba Chikondi , Addison Marc J. , Kalonga Patron , Kachiwanda Yobu , Kalin Robert M.
Published: October 2020

Meeting long-term rural community water supply needs requires diligent geohydrological conceptualisation. Study of Malawi’s Lake Chilwa Basin, including sampling of 330 water points in Phalombe District, enabled assessment of groundwater quality influence upon supply. The control of larger Lake Chilwa paleo-environments on current Basin groundwater quality is demonstrated. Lacustrine sediment deposition forming high-level deposits under open lake conditions and terrace deposits under open and closed lake conditions significantly control the groundwater major-ion quality and salinity now observed. Paleo-lake extent marks the transition between low-TDS (total dissolved solids) groundwater suitable for water supply at higher elevations and high-TDS brackish groundwater in areas overlain by lacustrine deposits closer to the current lake level. Low-TDS groundwater is limited to mid-to-low reach influent leakage of rivers incising terraces. Permeable fluvial deposits within the deeper paleo-river channel may possibly provide low-TDS water. The conceptual model, whereby paleo-lake controls groundwater salinity, provides science-based evidence to address policy to manage the significant water point functionality concerns quantified at the district and river basin scales. Targeting of the low-TDS groundwater alongside improved use of upland low-TDS stream/river sources with fewer, but larger capacity, and better maintained gravity-fed supply schemes are recommended. This study hence shows the value of paleo-geohydrology interpretation of the lake–groundwater system conceptualisation to inform Sustainable Development Goal 6 (SDG 6.5.1)—integrated water resources management policy for rural water supply.
Profiling Anti-Apoptotic BCL-xL Protein Expression in Glioblastoma Tumorspheres
Authors: Fanfone Deborah , Idbaih Ahmed , Mammi Jade , Gabut Mathieu , Ichim Gabriel
Published: October 2020

Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the cancers with the worst prognosis, despite huge efforts to understand its unusual heterogeneity and aggressiveness. This is mainly due to glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs), which are also responsible for the frequent tumor recurrence following surgery, chemotherapy or radiotherapy. In this study, we investigate the expression pattern of the anti-apoptotic BCL-xL protein in several GBM cell lines and the role it might play in GSC-enriched tumorspheres. We report that several GBM cell lines have an increased BCL-xL expression in tumorspheres compared to differentiated cells. Moreover, by artificially modulating BCL-xL expression, we unravel a correlation between BCL-xL and tumorsphere size. In addition, BCL-xL upregulation appears to sensitize GBM tumorspheres to newly developed BH3 mimetics, opening promising therapeutic perspectives for treating GBM patients.
Rice Crust-Like ZnO/Ti3C2Tx MXene Hybrid Structures for Improved Photocatalytic Activity
Authors: Ta Qui Thanh Hoai , Tran Nghe My , Noh Jin-Seo
Published: October 2020

Novel two-dimensional ZnO/Ti3C2Tx hybrid photocatalysts with modified surface areas were prepared using a simple calcination technique. The microstructures, crystalline features, and bonding states of the ZnO structure-covered Ti3C2Tx MXenes were closely characterized using various tools. The photoluminescence intensity of the hybrid photocatalyst was greatly reduced compared to the pristine ZnO, while its Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area increased by more than 100 times. Under solar light illumination, the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of the hybrid photocatalyst for organic pollutants (MO, RhB) appeared to be three-fold larger as compared to pristine ZnO. The superb photocatalytic performance of the photocatalyst was attributed to several factors, such as ideal band alignment, Schottky barrier formation, and large surface area. Moreover, the ZnO/Ti3C2Tx hybrid photocatalyst showed excellent cycling stability. These results suggest that the novel hybrid structure may be a potential candidate for removing organic pollutants in wastewater.
SOI-Nanowire Biosensor for the Detection of Glioma-Associated miRNAs in Plasma
Authors: Malsagova Kristina A. , Pleshakova Tatyana O. , Galiullin Rafael A. , Kozlov Andrey F. , Romanova Tatyana S. , Shumov Ivan D. , Popov Vladimir P. , Tikhonenko Fedor V. , Glukhov Alexander V. , Smirnov Alexander Yu. , Gadzhieva Olga A. , Bashiryan Boris A. , Shimansky Vadim N. , Archakov Alexander I. , Ivanov Yuri D.
Published: October 2020

Herein, we report the development of a highly sensitive nanotechnology-based system—silicon-on-insulator nanowire biosensor for the revelation of microRNAs (miRNAs), associated with the development of glioma in the human. In this system, a sensor chip, bearing an array of silicon nanowire structures, is employed. The sensor chip is fabricated using a top-down technology. In our experiments reported herein, we demonstrated the detection of DNA oligonucleotide (oDNA), which represents a synthetic analogue of microRNA-363 associated with the development of glioma. To provide biospecific detection of the target oligonucleotides, the surface of the nanowire structures is modified with oligonucleotide probes; the latter are complementary to the target ones. The concentration limit of the target oligonucleotide detection, attained using our nanowire biosensor, is at the level of DL~10−17 M. The revelation of the elevated level of glioma-associated miRNA in plasma is also demonstrated.
Single-Phase Current Source Inverter with Reduced Ground Leakage Current for Photovoltaic Applications
Authors: Migliazza Giovanni , Lorenzani Emilio , Immovilli Fabio , Buticchi Giampaolo
Published: October 2020

Integrated power electronics for photovoltaic applications has attracted increasing interest, due to the possibility of having grid-connected photovoltaic modules with independent maximum power point tracking and high reliability. In this paper, a single-phase Current Source Inverter (CSI) is discussed for a photovoltaic application. The basic CSI topology will be explained for the sake of completeness, highlighting its main features and analyzing the ground leakage current problem, an important benchmark for photovoltaic application. A novel topology, called CSI5, is proposed in this work. The main feature is the presence of additional switches for ground leakage current reduction. The performance of the proposed topology is assessed by numerical simulation, and the experimental results confirm that this solution is able to strongly reduce the ground leakage current and conduction power losses.