bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Importancia del reclutamiento y la selección del personal en el sector hotelero: Caso Villavicencio-Colombia
Authors: Torres-Flórez Dagoberto , Velasquez-Díaz Juan Sebastian , Hernández-Gónzalez José William
Published: August 2020

Objetivo: Analizar las prácticas de reclutamiento y selección que se dan en los hoteles Pymes de la ciudad de Villavicencio. Método: Estudio descriptivo, en el cual se tomó como muestra para el análisis los hoteles pymes afiliados en su mayoría a COTELCO. Se utilizó como instrumento un cuestionario “sección reclutamiento y selección de personal” del grupo de investigación GYDO Mp02 perteneciente a la Universidad de los Llanos. Resultados: Se encontró que el reclutamiento externo es el más destacado y la técnica de convocatoria más frecuente es la comunicación voz y a voz; en la selección del personal se destaca la entrevista, siendo las competencias y la experiencia aquellos factores clave en la toma de decisiones. Discusiones: si se relaciona el tamaño de los hoteles con su capacidad económica, se evidencia un esfuerzo importante para el cumplimiento de los objetivos. Conclusiones: Los hoteles pymes de la ciudad tiene una tendencia marcada a no brindarle la importancia que requiere el proceso de reclutamiento, la informalidad y la falta de recursos destinados a la correcta ejecución del reclutamiento pone en evidencia varias situaciones que impiden que dichos hoteles logren atraer a los candidatos adecuados para los diferentes cargos.
“Intertextualidad: El uso de Éxodo 34:6-7 en el Antiguo Testamento”
Authors: Chacón Emmer
Published: August 2020

Durante años se ha estado estudiando el uso que hacen autores bíblicos posteriores de textos inspirados previos. Este fenómeno se ha dado en llamado intertextualidad. Hay diversos niveles en los cuales se puede ver el uso de un texto en un autor posterior. Luego de una revisión bibliográfica de las tendencias contemporáneas al respecto, en este estudio analizamos el caso de la Fórmula de Gracia hallada en Éxodo 34:6-7. Estudiamos este pasaje en su contexto para luego estudiar su uso en el resto del Pentateuco, en el libro de los Salmos y en los Profetas Menores donde es integrado a la teología de este grupo textual. Notamos que en cada uso el autor posterior respeta el contexto inicial del pasaje y lo integra a su argumento contextualizándolo a su nueva realidad.
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for studying the presence of anti-Salmonella antibody in layer hen's egg yolks. v1
Authors: Justiz-Vaillant Angel
Published: August 2020

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for studying the presence of anti-Salmonella antibody in layer hens was a reproducible and feseable test used to meassure IgY development after vaccination.
Copy of Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for studying the presence of anti-Salmonella antibody in layer hen's egg yolks. v1
Authors: Justiz-Vaillant Angel
Published: August 2020

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for studying the presence of anti-Salmonella antibody in layer hens was a reproducible and feseable test used to meassure IgY development after vaccination.
Preparation of staphylococcal protein-A conjugated to horseradish peroxidase. v1
Authors: A Justiz-Vaillant Angel
Published: August 2020

This reagent can be used in ELISA, Western blotting and Dot blot to detect antigens and antibodies. It is important in the immunodiagnosis of infectious diseases. I find this useful in the detection of anti-HIV antibodies by ELISA.
Copy of Detection of total and faecal coliforms in the oysters v1
Authors: Aisha Folashade John Sade , E. Akpaka Patrick , Unakal Chandrashekhar , Kurhade Arvind , Justiz-Vaillant Angel
Published: August 2020

Enterobacteriaceae the leading cause of gastroenteritis. These gram- negative bacteria from species like Escherichia, Shigella, Salmonella, Vibrio and Helicobacter etc are among those that cause severe disease in consumers, especially those that indulge in uncooked seafood. Oysters have been shown to harbour these pathogenic organisms, which pose a major health risk. Numerous outbreaks of gastroenteritis due to oyster consumption have been reported worldwide because of the enteric bacteria as well as viral pathogen contamination This research was conducted to identify the Enterobacteriaceae present in oysters sold by vendors in Trinidad. During a five-month period (the rainy season, May - September), a total of 156 oyster samples (comprising 104 oysters samples and 52 water samples of the prepared, unprepared oyster cocktails plus the water used by vendors) were analysed. These samples were collected from roadside vendors operating near to the coastal line of the Western part of Trinidad These were processed at the microbiology unit of the Department of Para-clinical Sciences of the University of the West Indies, St. Augustine using standard microbiology techniques. The antibiotic susceptibility profiles of the recovered organisms were performed using the Kirby Bauer method for the following antibiotics- Tetracycline, Ampicillin, Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole, Cefuroxime and Ceftazidime. The SPSS 21 programme was used to analyse the biometric data and a chi-square test was used to determine if there was any significant difference between the kinds of preparation cocktails with respect to the coliform and organisms found. Results of the 104 oyster samples tested, 112 isolates were obtained, 13.4% (15/112) were E.coli of which 0.1% (1/15) was the 0157:H7 strain; 72.3% (81/112) were Shigella species of which 27.2% (22/81) were Shigella dysenteriae; 14.3% (16/112) were Salmonella species of which 25% (4/16) were Salmonella cubana. The susceptibility profiles of the organisms revealed that 86.5% of Shigella, 100% of E.coli and 93.7% of the Salmonella were resistant to multiple antibiotics. With the recovery of these organisms from these samples, the health of the Trinidadian and foreign consumers of mangrove oysters is at risk particularly from Shigella, E.coli and Salmonella species. As a result, there should be an increased need for public awareness as well as regulations by the Ministry of Health to be made so that illness from these hazardous Enterobacteriaceae can be prevented.
Removal of Melanin v2
Authors: E Stajich Jason
Published: August 2020

Principle is that CTAB is charging the anionic nucleotides whereby neutral polysaccharides/ melanins are remaining in supernatant. This method also uses urea with the idea that the presence of urea helps to solubilize hydrophobic compounds that would otherwise potentially interact with the hydrophobic core of the CTAB micelles.
News Media Performance Evaluated by National Audiences: How Media Environments and User Preferences Matter
Authors: Steppat Desiree , Castro Herrero Laia , Esser Frank
Published: August 2020

Media fragmentation and polarization have contributed to blurring the lines between professional and non-professional journalism. Internationally, more fragmented-polarized media environments are often associated with the emergence of non-professional news providers, the weakening of journalistic standards, and the segmentation of audiences along ideological leanings. Furthermore, these environments are home to partisan and alternative news media outlets, some of which try to actively undermine the credibility of traditional mainstream media in their reporting. By following an audience-centric approach, this study investigates the consequences of more fragmented-polarized media environments and consumption habits on users’ perceptions of news media performance. We use online-survey data from five countries that differ in the extent of fragmentation and polarization in the media environment (CH = 1,859, DK = 2,667, IT = 2,121, PL = 2,536, US = 3,493). We find that perceptions of high news media performance are more likely to be expressed by citizens from less fragmented-polarized media environments. Positive perceptions of news media performance are also stronger among users of traditional media, and those who inform themselves in a more attitude-congruent manner. By contrast, citizens from more fragmented-polarized media environments and users of alternative news media tend to express less satisfaction with news media performance. Based on these results, we argue that perceptions of news media performance among news users are shaped by their individual media choices as well as by the composition of the news media environments that surrounds them.
Perceptions of Media Performance: Expectation-Evaluation Discrepancies and Their Relationship with Media-related and Populist Attitudes
Authors: Fawzi Nayla , Mothes Cornelia
Published: August 2020

Public criticism of professional media is omnipresent in many democratic societies. This debate has often been examined concerning what the audience demands from the media (expectations) or how they evaluate media performance (evaluations). Based on a representative, quota-based online survey of the German population in 2019, this study examines citizens’ expectations, evaluations, and the discrepancies between both, as well as their relationship with media trust, socio-political predispositions—particularly populist attitudes—and individual media use in high-choice media environments. Results show that citizens have high expectations of the media which they mainly do not see fulfilled and that expectation-evaluation discrepancies are related to lower media trust in the case of particularly important and/or most noticeably underperformed media functions. Both expectations and evaluations were associated with populist attitudes, but only in the case of anti-elite attitudes in such a way that increased expectations collide with negative media evaluations. For anti-outgroup attitudes, instead, the analyses show a generally negative assessment of journalistic media, both in terms of expectations and evaluations. Media use does only play a minor role.
Experience of surgical treatment of vertebral artery injuries
Authors: Glushkov Nikolay I. , Rylkov Vladimir F. , Sementsov Konstantin V. , Skorodumov Anatoliy V. , Moiseev Alexey A. , Alekseev Valentin V. , Koshelev Taras E. , Votinova Anastasia O.
Published: August 2020

The aim of the study was to analyze the results of spinal artery damage treatment of the injured.
Materials and methods. An 2-year analysis of treating 7 patients with vertebral artery injuries admitted to the City Hospital (GB) No. 26 of St. Petersburg was carried out. The problems of diagnosing and treating these injuries have been identified. The solutions to these problems have been suggested. Two clinical cases of successful treatment of injured patients with spinal artery damage have been presented.
Results. Theres a possibility of damaging vertebral arteries in neck injuries thus defining the need for introducing high-informative methods of inspection (a spiral computer tomography contrast angiography, a Magnetic Resonance Imaging) and low-invasive (X-ray endovascular) interventions in urgent surgery. The implementation of complex instrumental examinations, their nature, the number of them and urgency should be determined by a surgeon individually considering the recommendations of related specialists.
Conclusions. Regardless of the wound size and the patients condition, examination and treatment of patients with neck injuries should be carried out in large hospitals with angiosurgeon and other narrow specialists in the panel of doctors with the 24-hour surveillance, as well as access to full examination and high-tech urgent operational interventions.
Indications for referring patients with gastrointestinal pathology to the bureau of medical and social examination (to help a practitioner)
Authors: Stolov Sergey V. , Ugleva Elena M. , Yamshikova Tatiana Yu. , Makarova Olga V. , Bakulina N. V.
Published: August 2020

When examining citizens at federal state medical and social examination institutions when recognizing a person as disabled, it is necessary to apply the criteria for determining disability set forth in Order of the Ministry of Labor of Russia dated August 27, 2019 No. 585н. The conditions for recognizing a citizen as a disabled person are persistent violations of body functions, which lead to a restriction in various categories of life, the need for social support. Certain clauses of the Order regulate the examination of citizens with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. The article sets out generally accepted criteria for assessing the activity of the disease, the main research methods that allow to determine violations of the function of the digestive organs for timely and reasonable referral for examination at the bureau of medical and social examination.
Application of rhythmic transcranial magnetic stimulation with low-intensive running pulsed magnetic field in the rehabilitation of patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment syndrome
Authors: Tereshin Alexey Е. , Kiryanova Vera V. , Reshetnik Dmitry A. , Karyagina Marina V. , Savelyeva Elena K. , Efimova Maria Yu.
Published: August 2020

The purpose of the investigation was to study the nootropic effects of rhythmic transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) using low-intensity magnetic field with the induction rate of 45 mT, base frequency of 50 Hz, modulation frequency of 10 Hz in combination with standard medical and psychological therapy in the rehabilitation of patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI).
Materials and methods. The rehabilitation outcomes in 98 patients with PSCI syndrome were studied. The patients were subdivided into 2 groups: 53 patients of the control group were treated with the standard nootropic medications and neuropsychological procedures; 45 patients of the main group were additionally treated with rTMS by the low-intensive running pulsed magnetic field of 10 Hz modulation frequency. The dynamics of the score increase according to Rivermid, Karnovsky, Roshina, MMSE, mRS, HDRS, SF-36 scales were analyzed.
Conclusion. Application of rTMS with low-intensive running pulsed magnetic field of 10 Hz modulation frequency in combination with a standard program of cognitive rehabilitation contributes to a significant improvement in the recovery of mental calculation function in ischemic stroke patients, as well as normalization in mood swings in the patients who had suffered a hemorrhagic stroke and post-stroke depression. This variant of rTMS can be safely used in patients with PSCI syndrome in the early recovery period, 3 weeks after the onset of stroke.
On the participation of eosinophils in tissue recovery after a local cold injury
Authors: Shagrov L. L. , Shutsky N. A. , Kashutin S. L. , Nikolaev Valentin I. , Malyavskaya S. I.
Published: August 2020

The article studies the correlation of the content of peripheral blood and red bone marrow eosinophils with the level of secretion of fibroblast growth factor (FGF-21), insulin-like factor (IGF-1) and vasculoendothelial growth factor (VEGF-C) in blood serum during the formation of dermal collagen after local cold damage. Animals of the experimental group after the onset of narcotic sleep on the depilated skin of the back were simulated contact frostbite of the 3rd degree. On the 3rd, 7th, 14th and 21st day of the experiment, the concentrations of growth factors, % dermal collagen content, and also the content of eosinophils in peripheral blood and red bone marrow were determined in the blood serum. The research results showed that the development of eosinopenia after a local cold injury occurs due to the sequestration of eosinophils in the affected area. The presence of reactive changes after a local cold injury not only in peripheral blood, but also in the red bone marrow may indicate the participation of eosinophils in tissue repair processes after a local cold injury.
Choledocholithiasis as a cause of obstructive jaundice after pancreatoduodenal resection
Authors: Zemlyanoy Vyacheslav P. , Sigua Badri V. , Gurzhii Dmitrii V. , Kurkov Alexey A. , Safonova Mariya A. , Zakharov Evgeni A. , Fetisov Kirill V.
Published: August 2020

Obstructive jaundice is one of the main symptoms of diseases of hepatobiopancreatoduodenal region organs and occurs in 12.0-45.2% of cases. The article describes a clinical case of successful treatment of a patient with choledocholithiasis that occurred three years after gastropancreatoduodenal resection performed for pancreatic head cancer. Patients often die before they develop long-term postoperative complications, among which we can distinguish cicatricial strictures of biliodigestive anastomosis, which occur in 0.8% of cases, and the development of obstructive jaundice, which is primarily characteristic of the progression of the underlying disease or relapse. While analyzing the literature, we didnt find any statistically significant data regarding the incidence of gallstone disease (cholelithiasis) as a cause of obstructive jaundice in the patients after pancreatoduodenal resection. Thus, the clinical case presented below is of particular interest.
Diagnostic difficulties and features of endovideosurgical treatment of a patient with mucocele of the appendix
Authors: Sigua Badri V. , Zemlyanoy Vyacheslav P. , Lataria Elguja L. , Kurkov Alexey A. , Melnikov Vyacheslav A. , Vinnichuk Sergey A.
Published: August 2020

The mucocele of the appendix is the expansion of the appendix with the accumulation of a large amount of mucus. The mechanism and causes of mucocele are not fully understood. According to some authors, such changes in the appendix can occur due to cicatricial narrowing of the lumen of the appendix, compression or blockage of its base. Other authors believe that the mucocele of the appendix is a benign tumor that develops from the remnants of primitive mesenchyme and is sometimes prone to malignancy. Clinical manifestations of mucocele of the appendix are nonspecific. In a number of patients, this disease causes pain in the right abdomen, more often pulling, intermittent. However, the disease is often asymptomatic. In this regard, diagnosis is established only during performing an operation, most often, regarding acute appendicitis. Nevertheless, instrumental diagnostic methods such as ultrasound and computed tomography of the abdominal and pelvic organs make it possible to suspect mucocele. Despite the frequent asymptomatic, non-aggressive course, a number of life-threatening complications can become the outcome of the mucocele of the vermiform appendix. The most formidable complication is the rupture of the appendix with mucus entering free abdominal cavity, followed by the development of peritoneal pseudomyxoma due to implantation of mucus-forming cells. The only option for radical treatment of the mucocele of the appendix is a surgical intervention. A presented clinical case demonstrates the difficulties of diagnosis, as well as the features of surgical treatment of a patient with a mucocele of the appendix.
LA PANDEMIA: EL ROBO DEL SIGLO
Authors: Chajín Flórez Miguel
Published: August 2020

Hace días compartí un artículo en las redes sociales sobre la palabra pandemia, en la que por su etimología pudiera tener tres significados muy distantes y distintos de cómo lo define la Organización Mundial de la salud (OMS), pues esta palabra nada tiene que ver con enfermedad, y que actualmente pareciera una especie de jaque mate al “mundo prepandémico” (que curiosamente es una palabra que ya tiene 191.000 resultados en la WEB), y lleva a que algunos intelectuales, e incluso líderes políticos digan que nada será igual en el mundo pospandémico (con 23.100 resultados, a las 15:43 horas de hoy 20 de agosto de 2020), que de acuerdo a algunos es el postcapitalismo, o un nuevo socialismo, bajo el marco del desarrollo sostenible.
Marco legal y dinámica comercial en una región fronteriza: las aduanas entre Sonora y Arizona durante el Porfiriato
Authors: Piña Aguirre Delia María , Ramírez Zavala Ana Luz
Published: August 2020

Este artículo retoma el proceso de institucionalización de la frontera entre Sonora y Arizona, con base en políticas instauradas durante el régimen del presidente Porfirio Díaz para regular el comercio exterior. Nuestra hipótesis sugiere que las modificaciones al sistema aduanal repercutieron en las relaciones comerciales de esta región, sin que la actividad comercial transfronteriza se realizara de forma completamente legal. El artículo pretende mostrar el proceso de conformación de la frontera en su carácter institucional, así como las consecuencias que tuvo la nueva fiscalización del comercio transfronterizo en el ámbito local. Para ello, se revisaron fuentes documentales como Memorias de la Dirección General de Aduanas, de la Secretaría de Hacienda, así como los casos de contrabando e informes aduanales, con el fin de realizar un contraste bibliográfico sobre el tema.
Refugees and the Dublin Convention
Authors: Bartel Anja , Delcroix Catherine , Pape Elise
Published: August 2020

The Dublin Convention defines which EU State is responsible for the asylum application of third country nationals or stateless persons. According to this Convention, the first Member State in which an asylum seeker enters is responsible for the person’s asylum procedure. It thereby stands in gross contrast to the freedom of mobility of EU-citizens within Europe. While extensive research has focused on the attempts to build up a Common European Asylum System, mostly taking up an institutional perspective, only limited sociological research has concentrated on the perspective of refugees and on the way they are affected by the Dublin Regulation and react to it. This article explores the biographical impacts of the Dublin Convention and the reaction of concerned individuals to it through the method of biographical policy evaluation. It bases on 29 biographical interviews conducted with refugees affected by the Dublin Regulation in France. It provides an in-depth analysis of three key biographical moments regarding the Dublin Convention: the arrival in France, the process of integration and moments when refugees change the European State they live in after having sought for asylum. It shows that beyond the (intended) impact on the “choice” of the country of arrival, the Dublin Convention often impacts refugees’ integration processes in a long-lasting way.
Association between anxiety and the presence of non-carious dental cervical lesions
Authors: Ferreira Pablo Raul Cavalcante , Queiroz Eduardo Da Cunha , Santana Gabriela Soares , Lima Karlos Eduardo Rodrigues , Fante Alessandra Marangoni , Lemos Marcelo Victor Sidou , Mendes Talita Arrais Daniel
Published: August 2020

Objetivo: este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a associação entre ansiedade, hábitos alimentares, parafuncionais, condições sistêmicas, hábitos de higiene oral em associação com a ansiedade de pacientes com lesões cervicais dentárias não cariosas (LCNCs) em uma população. Material e Métodos: por meio de um estudo quantitativo, observacional, 100 pacientes, obtidos por cálculo do tamanho da amostra, com presença de LCNCs, foram avaliados por exame clínico e cálculo amostral; entre 20 e 58 anos, com idade média de 37 anos. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um questionário elaborado por um pesquisador previamente calibrado, referente à avaliação médica, odontológica, de histórico social e de ansiedade. Após a obtenção dos dados, eles foram tabulados e submetidos à análise estatística pelo teste binomial exato de Fisher de duas proporções, adotando um nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: o consumo de bebida gaseificada (81,6%), frutas cítricas (76,3%), frequência de escovação dentária igual ou superior a três vezes ao dia (100%) e abrasividade do creme dental (100%) foram significativamente associados à presença de NCCL (p = 0,0001). Doença do refluxo gastrointestinal, xerostomia, bulimia e anorexia demonstraram associação negativa com o NCCL (p=1,000). A ansiedade não mostrou relação direta com a NCCL na população estudada (36,8%). Conclusão: assim, pode-se concluir que não houve associação direta entre a presença de lesões cervicais não cariosas e a ansiedade
Legal Absurdities in the Legal Field and Methodology to Address them through the Example of Environmental Legislation
Authors: Maksimenko Yu.L. , Gorkina I.D. , Kuchkarov Z.A. , Kochurov S.N. , Shumilin D.E. , Musatov A.A.
Published: August 2020

At present, according to experts evaluations, industrial enterprises in compliance with environmental legislation carry out environmental expenditures of the order of several hundred billion rubles. While not the entire volume of industrial environmental costs is associated with the maintenance of a favorable state of the environment, some of them appear due to various defects (contradictions, gaps) in environmental legislation, leading to the emergence of administrative barriers (absurdities).
Prevalence of potentially inappropriate prescriptions in primary care and correlates with mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Harasani Klejda , Xhafaj Delina , Begolli Anxhela , Olvera-Porcel Maria C.
Published: August 2020

Background: Potentially inappropriate prescribing is clearly associated with adverse health consequences among older people. Nevertheless, scarce evidence exists regarding the prevalence of potentially inappropriate prescriptions (PIP) in Albania, a Western Balkans country.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of PIP among older Albanian patients in primary care and to determine the associated sociodemographic and medical factors, including the presence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods: Cross-sectional study in two primary healthcare centers located in two different cities of Albania, a middle-income country in the Western Balkans. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) tool was applied to evaluate MCI. PIPs were assessed by two trained pharmacists using the Beers criteria 2019 update. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted for possible risk factors predicting PIP in the study population.

Results: At least one PIP was identified among 40.23 % of the participants (174 older patients) and 10.35 % had more than one PIP. MCI was detected among 79.31 % of the patients. The most commonly represented drug groups in PIP were diuretics (24.71 %), benzodiazepines in the presence of MCI and antidepressants (both 8.62 %). The lack of electrolytes monitoring was the most common reason for PIP. According to the multivariate analysis, the only statistically significant association observed was between PIP and number of drugs prescribed [three to four drugs (OR 3.34; 95% CI 1.65:6.76), five or more than five drugs (OR 4.08; 95% CI 1.42:11.69)].

Conclusions: About four out of 10 older Albanian patients experience PIP in primary care. Further studies are needed for a comprehensive estimation of the prevalence and factors associated with PIP, particularly among elderly with mild cognitive impairment.
Co-Pd-Ag И Th-REE МИНЕРАЛИЗАЦИЯ ВМЕЩАЮЩИХ ПОРОД ЭКЗОКОНТАКТОВОЙ ЗОНЫ МАССИВА ТАШЛЫ-ТАУ ХУДОЛАЗОВСКОГО КОМПЛЕКСА (ЮЖНЫЙ УРАЛ): УСЛОВИЯ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ И ИСТОЧНИКИ ВЕЩЕСТВА
Authors: Рахимов Ильдар Рашитович , Анкушева Наталья Николаевна , Холоднов Владимир Васильевич
Published: August 2020

Актуальность. Экзоконтактовые породы рудоносных массивов худолазовского дифференцированного комплекса практически не изучены на предмет геохимических характеристик и рудной минерализации. Цель: минералого-геохимическая характеристика пород экзоконтактовой зоны массива Ташлы-Тау и оценка состава и PT-параметров минералообразующего флюида. Методы: полевые геологические работы, оптическая и электронная микроскопия, рентгеноспектральный (EDS и WDS) анализ состава минералов, XRF и ICP MS анализ химического состава пород. Результаты. Впервые в экзоконтактовых породах массивов худолазовского комплекса обнаружена Co-Pd-Ag и Th-REE минерализация, представленная самостоятельными минеральными фазами Fe-Ni-кобальтина, Fe-Co-герсдорфита, майчнерита, гессита, монацита. Выделены зоны дальнего и ближнего экзоконтакта рудоносного массива Ташлы-Тау, различающиеся по степени метаморфизма и метасоматоза вмещающих его песчаников. В зоне ближнего экзоконтакта развиты кварц-кальцитовые жилы, несущие Co-Pd-Ag минерализацию. В сульфоарсенидах обнаружена примесь Pd (до 0,44 %), прямо коррелирующая с содержанием Ni. Кварцевые и кварц-хлорит-полевошпатовые жилы зон ближнего и дальнего экзоконтакта несут рассеянную Th-REE минерализацию. Кроме того, в кварцевых жилах поздней генерации были обнаружены зёрна гётит-гематитового состава, содержащие примеси Pd (до 0,17–0,32 %) и Rh (до 0,03 %). Установлено, что источником Co-Pd-Ag минерализации вмещающих пород является сам массив Ташлы-Тау, породы и руды которого на постмагматическом этапе были переработаны гидротермальным флюидом. В качестве источника Th-REE минерализации экзоконтактовой зоны предполагаются породы биягодинской свиты (песчаники с глинистым цементом). По данным термобарогеохимии ранние сульфидно-кварцевые и поздние сульфидно-кварц-карбонатные жилы отлагались при остывании единого гидротермального Na-K-Mg-хлоридного флюида при температуре от 370–320 до 280–250 °С и его разбавлении от 10,6 до 6 мас. %, соответственно.
“Change can never be ‘complete’”: the legal right to self-identification and incongruous bodies
Authors: Easterbrook-Smith Gwyn
Published: August 2020

At the time of writing, New Zealand's government is considering select committee recommendations to simplify the process for changing the sex recorded on a birth certificate (Governance and Administration Committee 2018). This article argues that the inconsistent requirements for binary and non-binary transgender people to amend their documentation indicates a scepticism of the legitimacy of non-binary identities. The current process for transgender people seeking to change their sex marker is onerous and often expensive (Noonan and Liddicoat 2008). Attaining an "indeterminate" marker on a birth certificate is so difficult as to be functionally impossible. Crown Law have suggested that “social factors” (how a person’s gender is perceived by others) would be considered by the courts when deciding on the veracity of their stated gender identity, indicating that being identifiable as a binary-gendered person is a contributor to achieving legal recognition of one’s gender. The proposal presumes that recording an "official" gender is natural and necessary. Legal recognition of non-binary people signals an expanded understanding of recognisable gender identities, but requires situating oneself within a bureaucratic framework. In light of the new process being proposed, I argue that if passed this Bill implicitly raises the question of why identity documents must have a sex marker on them at all.
An exploration of Peter Singer and Richard Posner's ethical arguments regarding the moral status of animals, with a specific focus on the use of animals for the consumption of food
Authors: Watts Jade Eloise Eva
Published: August 2020

The use of animals for the consumption of food is becoming a focus in recent times, due to environmental and animal welfare concerns. There has been an increase in research around the environmental concerns of the mass scale of the production of meat, with meat production in 2018 estimated at 330.51 million metric tons. In the UK alone, 182,000 cows were slaughtered in November 2018 and 108.4 million broiler chickens were slaughtered in October 2018. Many animal welfare groups argue against the inhumane conditions animals go through before they reach our plate. Due to this, a record number of people are reducing meat and animal product consumption, with some research indicating over 1.6 million people in the UK are vegan or vegetarian in 2016. With the questions and concerns around eating meat becoming so prominent today, it seems like the perfect time to revisit the philosophical arguments. This article will explore the global scale of using animals for the consumption of food, through the ethical arguments advocated by philosopher Peter Singer, author of Animal Liberation, of affording animals an equal moral status to humans. It will then consider the arguments advanced by Judge Richard Posner, as a tool to offer a critical analysis of Singer’s ideas.
Corporate Criminal Liability Against the Biological Natural Resources and Ecosystems
Authors: Hasani Jazau Elvi
Published: August 2020

Indonesia has various natural resources, including a diversity of natural and biological wealth. Article 33 paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution outlines that the state should control natural resources for national prosperity. Biological natural resources can appropriately situate with the conservation effort and the government plays a vital role in maintaining biological natural resources and ecosystems. The development of biological natural resources and ecosystems is essentially an integral part of sustainable national development, and efforts to conserve biological natural resources and their ecosystems are realized by analyzing and evaluating the existing legislation. This paper aims to discuss the corporate criminal liability in Indonesia in the case of the conservation of biological natural resources and ecosystems. Then, it suggests the possible revisions regarding the biological national resources legislations. Revision of the Act on the conservation of biological natural resources has started since 2018 as it is prioritized under the national legislation program. As the revision put the crucial part of the legal creation, the protection of biological natural resources and their ecosystem becomes the government's primary concern because the existing regulation still has no deterrent effect for violators.

KEYWORDS: Corporate Criminal Liabilities, Biological Natural Resources and Ecosystems, Criminal Provisions.
The ISDS Mechanism and Standards of Protection in the Investment Treaty
Authors: Pratama Pandu Rizky Putra , Amalia Prita
Published: August 2020

International investment activities require legal certainty for investors. While the host country also needs legal certainty related to state sovereignty, legal protection is needed for investors and the host country to realize legal certainty in investment activities. Countries in the world entered into investment agreements to provide legal protection for investment activities. In investment agreements, generally, there are requirements to comply with the national law of the host country to get protection from investment agreements. This study aims to review the implications of not fulfilling the obligations in the investment agreement to apply the benefits contained therein, specifically regarding ISDS mechanism and protection standards. This study finds that the impact of the non-fulfillment of these obligations on the ISDS mechanism depends on the admission clause specified in the Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT). On standards of protection, it refers to general principles of international law and arbitration decisions, investments that violate these obligations do not receive international legal protection. This research suggests the Indonesian Government tighten the admission clause in the BIT to prevent investors from using the ISDS mechanism in the BIT and to specify the impact of violating obligations to comply with the national laws of the host country.

KEYWORDS: International Investment Law, Standards of Protection, Bilateral Investment Treaty
Outlining Gay's Right to Health in Jember, Indonesia: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Rokhmah Dewi , Khoiron Khoiron , Yani Ristya Widi Endah
Published: August 2020

Increased HIV prevalence in gay populations is a warning that needs to get government attention. AIDS prevention programs in gay populations have been implementing various methods to change high-risk behavior. However, HIV prevalence in gay populations continues to rise. The Indonesian Constitution affirms human rights, including the right to life, the right against discrimination, and other fundamental rights protected by the state. The research results showed that the fulfillment of the right to health in gay is not going well or less effective. It was evidenced by the percentage of gay that reaches out to health services was still limited. Gays were reluctant to access health services because of the lack of confidentiality and privacy of the services of health workers, the general public, and the limited facilities. Besides, stigma and discrimination are still often received both from health workers and families and communities. They worried other gays would know the result of the test of VCT. There is a need for standardization of services at all subdistrict health centers and hospitals providing VCT services for gay in Jember.

KEYWORDS: Constitutional Rights, Human Rights, the Right to Health.
Challenges for Teacher Profession in Contemporary Indonesia: A Regulatory Analysis
Authors: Arifin Saru
Published: August 2020

The Indonesian government shows the commitment to include teachers as a noble profession by enacting the Act on Teacher and Lecturer in 2014. This Act outlines and protects the teaching profession so that teachers are expected to be able to work safely and comfortably in carrying out their professional duties. However, the way to strengthen this teacher profession does not respond to many cases resulting in teacher insecurity and discomfort in carrying out the profession. Teachers often experience various considerable threats of violence and intimidation from students, parents, and community members. This paper will discuss the legal protection for teachers in carrying out their profession. The discussion includes the factors that often cause teachers to face criminal limits and strengthen legal protection for teachers in carrying out their noble profession.

KEYWORDS: Legal Protection, Education, Teacher Profession.
Scientific Principles of Food Safety in the Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures
Authors: Adiwibowo Yusuf
Published: August 2020

Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) is a procedure to protect human, animal or plant life or health set in Article XX(b) of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). This Agreement authorizes the government to arrange a policy, but this domestic measure often results in a trade dispute. Therefore, this study enquires to extent measure on the scientific principles in food safety comply with Article XX (b) GATT. In the context, each WTO Member State has two options to show that measures of handling problems related to SPS are based on science, as outlined in Article XX (b) GATT must be measured by scientific principles. First, actions can be based on international standards so that each member state must adopt the Codex Alimentarius Commission. Second, actions can be based on Scientific Risk Assessment. SPS Agreement recognizes the right of states to maintain standards that are more stringent than international standards, or because international standards do not exist. Relevant scientific principles are useful for measurable events that have scientific information beforehand so that the state's policy can be guided by the existing measures. In vice versa, members may temporarily determine sanitary or phytosanitary actions based on available information.

KEYWORDS: Scientific Principles, Food Safety, Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures, World Trade Organization.
Generating NURBS cladding and structures with parametric programming and BIM
Authors: Silva Neander Furtado , Silva Lilian Maciel Furtado , Lacroix Ígor
Published: August 2020

The process of designing and building curvilinear architectures is still challenging. The use of multiple applications with distinctive design paradigms are unlikely to disappear. The interoperability used here was not only the conventional one. It was also ‘live’, in ‘real time’, with two of the applications involved opened and running simultaneously. A design workflow based on the use of form-forming applications connected via parametric programming to building information modeling, BIM, was proposed. The main objective was to facilitate designing and building curvilinear architectures and their supporting structures using simultaneously two different design paradigms. The tools needed in our research can be summarized as follows: NURBS Lofting for surface creation, contouring for modular slicing and structural axis grid definition, sweeping along axes for surface creation of the curved beams of I profile and paneling for the subdivision of curved surfaces into planar fractions. Parametric programming was used to automate sweeping along axes to generating curved I-beams and paneling to subdivide the NURBS surfaces into planar fractions. To the best of our knowledge, our major contribution resides in defining a workflow and developing new algorithms for facilitating designing NURBS surfaces and corresponding supporting structures through ‘live’ interoperability among different applications.
Selective HLA Restriction Permits the Evaluation and Interpretation of Immunogenic Breadth at Comparable Levels to Autologous HLA
Authors: Hare Jonathan , Fiore-Gartland Andrew , McGowan Edward , Rosenthal Rachel , Hunter Eric , Gilmour Jill , Nielsen Morten
Published: August 2020

Existing approaches to identifying predictive T-cell epitopes have traditionally utilized either 2-digit HLA super-families or more commonly autologous HLA alleles to facilitate the predictions, but frequently they may not consider their representation within a population. Here we propose a modification to this concept whereby subsets of individuals are selected for their specific HLA allele profiles and the representation they provide within a given population. Using this targeted approach to HLA selection and the linkages to specific individuals may enable the design of restricted experimental strategies.
The Association of RNF34 3′UTR-588 G>A and RNF128 I1-2380C>T with Carcass and Meat Quality Traits of Chinese Simmental-cross Steers
Authors: Nawaz Azher , Zhang JunZheng , Wang Sihan , Quan Tian , Geng Chunyin , JIN YINGHAI , Ji Shuang
Published: August 2020

An experiment was conducted to investigate the role of single nucleotide polymorphisms of the gene RNF34 3′UTR-588 G>A and RNF128 I1-2380C>T with carcass and meat quality traits of Chinese Simmental-cross steers. METHOD: We performed sequencing and restriction enzyme digestion to detect genotypes of RNF34 3′UTR-588 G>A and RNF128 I1-2380C>T. Then, we analyzed the association of novel single nucleotide polymorphisms in intron regions of the RNF128 gene and in the 3′UTR region of RNF34 and meat quality traits of Chinese Simmental-cross steers. RESULTS: Statistical analyses revealed that SNP of RNF128 (I1-2380C>T) was significantly associated with dressed weight, forepaw weight, carcass depth, carcass brisket depth, hind legs length (P<0.05), etc. And RNF34 (3′UTR-588 G>A) were significantly associated with testis weight, kidney weight, tare weight (P<0.05), etc. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that polymorphisms in RNF34 and RNF128 might be important genetic factors that influence carcass and meat quality in beef cattle. Thus, they might be useful markers for meat quality traits in future marker-assisted selection programs in beef cattle breeding and production.
Security and Privacy Issues in Wireless Networks
Authors: Azhar Nurul Fatini , Ngoo Qi Jie , Kim Tae Hyun , Dozono Kohei , tuz Zahra Fatima
Published: August 2020

Communication between devices has transitioned from wired to unwired. Wireless networks have been in use widely around the globe since the advent of smartphones, IoT devices and other technologies that are compatible with wireless mode of communication. At the same time security issues have also increased in such communication methods. The aim of this paper is to propose security and privacy issues of the wireless networks and present them through comprehensive surveys. In context of security issues, there are 2 typical DDoS attacks - HTTP flood and SYN flood. Other than DDoS attacks, there are several other threats to wireless networks. One of the most prevalent include security issues in Internet of Things. In terms of privacy issues in a wireless network, location-based applications, individual data, cellular network and V2G (Vehicle to Grid) network are surveyed. The survey is hosted using questionnaire and responses of 70 participants is recorded. It is observed from the survey results that many groups of people lack the knowledge of security and privacy of wireless technologies and networks despite their increased use, however, students are relatively more aware and have strong knowledge of those issues. It is concluded from the results that an effective solution to these problems can be hosting campaigns for spreading the security and privacy laws to help the groups of people who are lagging behind in this domain of knowledge become more aware. A unique solution is also presented to overcome the security issues which include implementation of detection and mitigation techniques, implementing Blockchain in the IoT devices and implementing fog computing solutions. The unique solutions to overcome the privacy issues are proposed in the form of a privacy approach from the LBS server between pairs of users to increase the implementation of DSPM and blockchain as a solution.
Canine Hemangiosarcoma: A Certainly Less Than Ideal, Very Ugly Cancer
Authors: Tinsley Ashley
Published: August 2020

Canine Hemangiosarcoma (HSA) is a devastating cancer affecting blood vessels in numerous sites within the body that is primarily seen in middle to older aged dogs. It is marked by its rapid aggressive metastatic pathology that often results in a lack of apparent symptoms in early stages. In most cases, disease becomes apparent due to hemorrhagic events following the rupture of the malignant vascular cell structures that can capture and pool blood cells, resulting in necrosis of the affected tissues. The poor survival times in affected patients cause a hindrance to the ability to carry out large scale studies, leaving numerous knowledge gaps to be filled in future research. The pathologic similarities between this and human angiosarcoma (HA) provides the potential for translatable research to be carried out that would improve outcomes across species. Here, current knowledge is outlined in order to improve understanding HSA holistically and suggest future direction. Emphasis is placed on the potential to improve veterinary practices in ways that will improve the ability to quickly and accurately diagnose patients in order to establish better client communication and provide clarity in collaborating to create the best informed treatment plan possible.