bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CENTRAL ASIA: ARAB AND RUSSIAN GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH
Authors: Kozhirova Svetlana , Shukyzhanova Aiym
Published: January 2025

Central Asia is one of the few territories about which geographical and cartographic materials have been preserved in various countries of the world. This makes it possible to trace the history of the creation of the map of this territory over a long period of time. One of the interesting pages in the history of geographical studies of Central Asia are the outstanding works of Arab and Central Asian scientists of the 9th-14th centuries (al-Biruni, al-Khwarizmi). The studies of these scientists have been preserved in the form of maps, which looked like drawings filled with figures denoting geographical objects. The main attention in the article is paid to Russian travelers, topographers, who played an important role in the study of Central Asia. The historical attention of the Russian Empire to Central Asia was due to its strategic position and crucial role in geopolitics. Since the beginning of the XVI century, when the Russian state began to expand to the East, Central Asia has become an important region for expanding imperial borders. Geographical research and mapping has become an indispensable tool for both scientific research and administrators involved in the development of imperial policies in the region. These studies were not only academic, but also practical in nature, providing the Russian authorities with accurate data on the landscape, natural resources and ethnic composition of the population. Russian administrators, such as governors-general and military leaders, actively used this data to create effective political strategies for the management and development of the steppe. Maps created during numerous expeditions played an important role in the planning of military and diplomatic actions, as well as in administrative reforms aimed at strengthening Russian influence in Central Asia. The article is devoted to the analysis of the role of geographical research in the formation of the policy of the Russian Empire in Central Asia in the XIX century. The focus is on how the created maps and the geographic data collected were used for Strategic Planning, Administrative administration, and diplomatic relations with local elites. Special attention is paid to the activities of Governor-General Pyotr Kaptsevich, whose policy of peaceful annexation of Kazakh lands is based on detailed geographical data and thereby allowed to strengthen Russia's influence in the region.
WARFARE OF ULUS JOCHI (GOLDEN HORDE)
Authors: Pilipchuk Yaroslav
Published: January 2025

This article is devoted to the military affairs of the Eurasian empire called the Golden Horde (Ulus of Jochi). The objective of this study is to summarize the materials concerning the military affairs of the Ulus of Jochi and to highlight its characteristic features. The novelty of this study is the analysis of military actions primarily in Europe. The article uses the methods of factor and diachronic analysis. The purpose of the study is to reconstruct the characteristic features of the military affairs of the Golden Horde. The results of the study are as follows: 1) the army of the Ulus of Jochi was mainly mounted. Infantry units were recruited from the troops of allies and vassals; 2) the art of siege, unlike many other nomads, was quite developed in the Ulus of Jochi, which, however, did not exclude the use of traditional nomadic tactics during the siege; 3) the weapons of the Kipchaks combined Mongolian and local Kipchak features. The weapons of the light Tatar horseman did not differ fundamentally from those of earlier nomads. The structure of the troops of the Ulus of Jochi was more complex than that of the Kipchaks, Pechenegs and Oghuz. This was due to the greater number of warriors, a more complex social hierarchy and a significantly larger geographical area; 4) during a skirmish with an army consisting of horsemen, the Tatars used typical nomadic tactics.
THE FUNCTION OF THE NAMES OF WEAPONS AND NICKNAMES IN THE NOVEL «ALONG THE WATER», A CLASSIC WORK OF CHINA
Authors: Sametova Zhanakul , Musa Adilet , Belassarova Zhaidarkul
Published: January 2025

This research article will examine an example of modern Chinese literature based on the names of weapons and nicknames in the classic novel consisting of four books, «Along the Water». The novel «Along the Water» tells about the historical and social reality of the times of the Northern Song Kingdom, that is, about the struggle of the masses against feudal oppression. Those who commanded him were conspirators on the part of the royal Horde and fought for justice, refusing the Diamond. Following the principle of "Follow the path of Tengri," heroes seeking justice come together. These events are perfectly combined with the myths and legends that are widespread in the novel. In the novel, the writer Shai Naiyan calls all of them individually by nicknames, as a winning artistic device that emphasizes the feat of the heroes, and each hero carries a weapon that he deserves. This increased the bluish power, the influence of the novel. The main purpose of the article is not to study the idea, historical subtext, or other features of the novel, but to study the early military armor and nicknames depicted in it. And the main tasks of the work include the recognition of the indigenous culture of China by studying traditional edged weapons and nicknames in the epic «Along the Water», a classic work of early Chinese literature; as well as the mention and analysis of military weapons in the named novel. The results of the study are summarized in two nodes: one described in the novel was considered in comparison of early Chinese melons with the original. Now the nicknames attributed to 108 characters of the novel are being investigated. Here, the function that pseudonyms perform in the novel was investigated.
Lei n.º 10.639/03 como objeto de estudo: a produção do conhecimento a partir dos programas de pós-graduação brasileiros
Authors: Oliveira Antonio Roniskel  de , Guedes Karen Virginia da Silva , Bizerro Joice Mara Cesar
Published: January 2025

Este escrito objetiva compreender a produção de conhecimento sobre a implementação da lei n.º 10.639/03 na educação básica brasileira, nas produções de dissertações stricto sensu, por meio da análise de dissertações de mestrado no Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da CAPES. A metodologia aplicada para este estudo foi o estado do conhecimento (Morosini; Fernandes, 2014). A pesquisa apresenta uma relevância sobre as relações étnico-raciais, o percurso a ser trilhado, garantindo reparação histórica de direitos, de igualdade, de equidade, de políticas de Estado e de oportunidades para acesso e permanência nos espaços sociais. A análise dos autores aponta para uma carência na formação inicial e continuada dos professores e uma resistência das gestões escolares e das secretarias municipais em mudarem seus currículos e PPPs para a abordagem da temática.
Identifying Classroom Management Strategies Using Observational Notes and Zone of Tracking Framework at the Elementary Level (K-5)
Authors: Aggarwal Pallavi
Published: January 2025

An effective classroom management plan helps to create a positive and safe learning environment that fosters motivation, addresses challenges, and develops critical thinking among students (Jobirovna, 2023). Social-emotional learning plays a crucial role in building self-regulation among students. Research shows that self-regulated and emotionally alert students can achieve higher academic success (CASEL,2021). A case study on an urban Midwest K-5 charter school helped to identify the classroom management strategies used by elementary teachers to enhance the socialemotional state of the students by implementing the “Zone of Regulation” strategy (Kuypers, 2023) and analyzing the observational notes. A framework known as the “Zone of Tracking” framework was developed to connect the emotional alertness of students with the predicted intervention, which included various classroom management strategies used by all core-content teachers. Using the Zone of Tracking framework, 165 students across all grade level teachers were observed (N=66 observations). Each observation was one hour for all subjects. Out of 66, in 33 observations, Following Classroom Expectations was identified as one of the strategies for creating emotional alertness among students. Note-making during all classroom observations (N=66 observations) exhibits patterns grouped into two categories: instructional and classroom routines. Instructional routines included four subcategories: lesson planning, teacher time management, proximity of teacher, and automaticity of students. Classroom routines included four subcategories: Teacher voice level, classroom norms, rewards, and transitions. Listing and recognizing the various classroom management elements, considering the emotional alertness of the students, could assist the teachers in building a strong classroom management plan that can cater to both the student's academic and emotional needs and create a positive classroom environment conducive to learning.
Can STEM Save the World?
Authors: Brown Patrick , Bybee Rodger
Published: January 2025

The article's title asks, “Can Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) save the world?” The answer is not straightforward. The challenges to saving the world are too complex, and some extend beyond STEM disciplines to include other fields (e.g., economics, politics, and cultures). Opportunities for immediate progress become more apparent when considering the question, 'Should STEM contribute to an understanding of global challenges?' The answer is undoubtedly “yes.” This theory-to-practice paper explores foundations for quality STEM education in problem-solving by considering a global issue.
The Effect of Teamwork and Work Dicipline on Employee Performance with Job Satisfaction as an Intervening Variable
Authors: Al-Aziz Muhammad Faqih , Bahiroh Eloh , Mulyani Ana Susi
Published: January 2025

This research aims to determine the effect of teamwork and work discipline on employee performance with job satisfaction as an intervening variable at Regional Drinking Water Company Tirta Madani, Serang City. This research is a quantitative type of research using a saturated sample method with 50 predetermined respondents. This research uses descriptive statistical t-tests, outer models for measurement, and inner models for structural analysis, all within the SmartPLS 4.0 analysis tool. The results of this research show that: teamwork has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Work discipline has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Teamwork has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction. Work discipline has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction. Job satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Job satisfaction can mediate the relationship between teamwork and employee performance. Job satisfaction can mediate the relationship between work discipline and employee performance.
DIMENSIONAMENTO ELÉTRICO PARA INSTALAÇÃO DOS APARELHOS DE AR CONDICIONADO NA ESCOLA ESTADUAL ARTHUR JUNQUEIRA DE ALMEIDA
Authors: Fernandes Natallie Caroline Marisiellon , Souza Nixon Pereira , Castilho Deives Ferreira , Jesus Aurea Messias de , Reis Alan Kardec Candido dos , Guimaraes Emerson Carlos , Borges Daniela Freitas
Published: January 2025

A cidade de Ituiutaba-Mg, localizada no triângulo mineiro, está passando por uma onda de calor extrema. Nos meses de setembro e outubro de 2023 foram registrados recordes de temperatura chegando próximo aos 41 °C. Ituiutaba apresenta clima e condições meteorológicas médias, uma estação com precipitação abafada e de céu encoberto, a estação seca é de céu quase sem nuvens, o ano inteiro, o clima é quente, apresentando em seu decorrer temperaturas que variam de 17 °C a 33 °C e raramente é inferior a 13 °C ou superior a 37 °C. Este trabalho tem como objetivo realizar um estudo de dimensionamento de carga para a instalação de ar condicionado na instituição de ensino Escola Estadual Arthur Junqueira de Almeida, visando propiciar um ambiente com temperaturas razoáveis durante o período letivo. Para a realização desta pesquisa utilizou-se a metodologia de estudo de caso juntamente com a pesquisa bibliográfica. O desenvolvimento da pesquisa propiciou o mapeamento de um dimensionamento de carga, que incorreto, os aparelhos de ar condicionado poderão queimar e causar transtornos, além de poder causar riscos de incêndio devido a falhas nos sistemas de proteção que servem para desligar automaticamente o sistema em caso de sobrecarga ou curto-circuito. Conclui-se que para que de fato o problema fosse sanado, a pesquisa evidencia que a aquisição de um transformador de energia, poderia sanar tal problemática, proporcionando a medida de potência que realmente é essencial para atender às necessidades.
INOVAÇÃO EM AMBIENTES INTERNOS: UMA REVISÃO DA LITERATURA
Authors: França Márcia Machado
Published: January 2025

Abstract 

The characteristics of indoor environments are significantly influenced by lighting and colors, which play fundamental roles in the perception of spaces and the well-being of users. This study analyzed how colors and lighting can be applied in indoor environments to promote innovation and well-being. To this end, a comprehensive literature review was conducted, using scientifically based descriptors related to the topic. The results confirm that colors and lighting are essential elements in the configuration of indoor spaces, influencing spatial perception, user well-being, and the environment's functionality. The research highlights that the strategic planning of these elements enhances the functionality of environments, promoting innovation, comfort, and environmental quality in the design context. 

Keywords: design, innovation, ergonomics
BONS E MAUS AFETOS NA RELAÇÃO ENTRE PAIS E FILHO (A): SUAS IMPLICAÇÕES NO DESENVOLVIMENTO INFANTIL
Authors: Albuquerque Raimundo Fabrício Paixão
Published: January 2025

This article sought to analyze the affections, considered bad and good, according to the theories of Winnicott and Espinosa, in a comparison and differentiation, considering their implications for child development in the relationship between parents and children. The research was developed in the bibliographic field. Where the present article analyzed several literatures that approach the subject in a rich way and with intellectual credibility. The concept of affection in Winnicott and Espinosa is basically exposed, as affections imply in child development, in the case of the phase in which the child is in a greater dependence on care. The theme is presented in three categories, in the first a conceptual analysis of affection in the authors mentioned above, in the second its importance for child development, under a positive prism and in the third and last part it is exposed about negative consequences due to bad affections. Finally, the final considerations were presented, pointing out the need to establish a less frustrating environment for better child development.
The devil's celebration in the name of God
Authors: Fetoshi Arben , Kuçi Gurakuç
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Serbia has ethnicized religion, transforming it into a nationalist tool to destabilize Kosovo. Religious holidays, such as Orthodox Christmas, are exploited to promote political and nationalist agendas, fueling interethnic tensions. Instead of focusing on spiritual values, these events have become platforms for chauvinistic rhetoric and the glorification of Serbian historical narratives, often supported by Russia. Through the Serbian List, Belgrade employs political provocations and deliberate manipulations to challenge Kosovo's sovereignty and maintain a climate of ongoing tension. This instrumentalization of religion and religious symbolism is part of a broader strategy aimed not only at exacerbating interethnic relations but also at undermining Kosovo's efforts toward stability and democratic coexistence.
Anomala tingis, a new species related to A. corrugata Bates, 1866 from southern China (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae)
Authors: Zhao Ming-Zhi
Published: January 2025

A new ruteline scarab beetle, Anomala tingis sp. nov., is described based on material collected from three provinces in southern China. The only morphologically similar species, A. corrugata Bates, 1866, is compared, along with new geographic data. Color images and a distribution map are provided for both species.
ANALISIS PENGETAHUAN TERHADAP KESADARAN DALAM MEMBAYAR ZAKAT PERTANIAN ( STUDI KASUS PETANI KOPI) DI KECAMATAN TANJUNG SAKTI PUMI KABUPATEN LAHAT
Authors: Vivi Ulandari  , Syamsiar Zahrani
Published: January 2025

Zakat merupakan salah satu rukun Islam, zakat adalah mengeluarkan Sebagian tertentu dari harta tertentu sampai nisab kepada orang yang berhak menerimanya dan merupakan kewajiban umat Islam yang telah ditetapkan oleh al-Qur’an, Sunnah Nabi dan Ijma’ para ulama. Di Kecamatan Tanjung Sakti Pumi memiliki pertanian yang cukup luas maka sebagian masyarakat penghasilannya dari hasil pertanian, akan tetapi petani belum memahami tentang zakat pertanian maka mereka masih kurang dalam mengemalkan zakat pertanian Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengetahuan para petani dalam kesadaran membayar zakat pertanian Di Kecamatan Tanjung Sakti Pumi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, data dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dari data primer dan data sekunder. Dalam mengumpulkan data menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data yang diperoleh dari hasil wawancara, catatan lapangan, dan bahan-bahan lain, disusun secara sistematis sehingga mudah dipahami dan menjabarkan dalam bentuk kutipan untuk mengetahui pengetahuan para petani dalam kesadaran membayar zakat pertanian Di Kecamatan Tanjung Sakti Pumi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pengetahuan para petani dalam kesadaran membayar zakat pertanian Di Kecamatan Tanjung Sakti Pumi termasuk kurang, serta penghimpunan zakat pertanian belum terlalu baik dan hambatan yang dialami bisa dari berbagai faktor yakni faktor internal dan eksternal, faktor internal terdiri dari religiusitas (kurang nya keyakianan serta ketaatan petani tentang zakat pertanian sehingga tidak adanya dorongan dari dalam diri petani untuk membayar zakat pertanian ), kesadaran(tidak ada kesadaran dari diri sendiri dimana petani tidak tahu tentang zakat pertanian), pengetahuan dan pendidikan, dan pengalaman (tidak adanya pengalaman petani baik dari dunia kerja, organisasi ataupun pendidikan). Sedangkan faktor eksternal adalah lokasi (lokasi/jarak BAZNAS yang cukup jauh dari dari tempat tinggal), sosialisas (kurang nya sosialisasi dari lembaga BAZNAS) dan Masyarakat. Ketiga faktor tersebut sangat mempengaruhi langka atau kesadaran dari masyarakat untuk membayar zakat pertanian.
KONTRIBUSI PAJAK PARKIR TERHADAP PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH KOTA PALEMBANG
Authors: Sultan Asyrof Aliftiqhor  , Rinol Sumantri
Published: January 2025

This study aims to analyze how much the parking tax contributes to Palembang City's Original Revenue in 2017-2021 and to find out the Islamic Economics review of the parking tax contribution in increasing Palembang City's Original Revenue. The analytical method used in this study is a qualitative method with data collection techniques in the form of interviews, documentation, archives and journals and articles from several sources. The results of this study show that the average contribution of parking tax to the local revenue of Palembang City in 2017-2021 is 2.57% and is categorized as having a very low contribution because the percentage level is less than 10%. The highest contribution rate of parking tax occurred in 2018 and the lowest contribution rate of parking tax occurred in 2020. According to an Islamic economic perspective, the contribution of the parking tax in increasing local revenue in the city of Palembang is in accordance with Islamic economic values, such as the presence of elements of justice, transparency, accountability and openness and the benefits of tax collection can be directly felt by the community through infrastructure development and other facilities so as to realize the benefit of the people.
BESARNYA PERTUMBUHAN ANGKA PENDUDUK INDONESIA (OVERPOPULATION) DALAM PERSFEKTIF UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 24 TAHUN 2013 TENTANG ADMINISTRASI KEPENDUDUKAN
Authors: Orin Milanda  , Najwa Almira  , Gpcb. Abdul Malik
Published: January 2025

Pertumbuhan penduduk yang pesat di Indonesia telah menjadi perhatian serius karena dampaknya terhadap berbagai aspek kehidupan, termasuk ekonomi, sosial, dan lingkungan. Penelitian ini mengkaji besarnya pertumbuhan angka penduduk Indonesia dalam perspektif Undang-Undang Nomor 24 Tahun 2013 tentang Administrasi Kependudukan. Undang-Undang ini dirancang untuk mengatur administrasi kependudukan guna memastikan tertib administrasi, akurasi data kependudukan, dan pelayanan publik yang efektif. Dalam konteks overpopulasi, UU No. 24 Tahun 2013 berperan penting dalam mengelola data kependudukan untuk perencanaan pembangunan yang berkelanjutan dan penanggulangan dampak negatif dari pertumbuhan penduduk yang tidak terkendali.Penelitian ini menyoroti bagaimana UU No. 24 Tahun 2013 berupaya mengatur berbagai aspek administrasi kependudukan, seperti pendaftaran penduduk, pencatatan sipil, dan penerbitan dokumen kependudukan. Implementasi yang efektif dari undang-undang ini dapat membantu pemerintah dalam memetakan dan mengontrol dinamika kependudukan melalui data yang akurat dan up-to-date. Selain itu, kebijakan ini diharapkan dapat mendorong program-program keluarga berencana dan edukasi tentang kesehatan reproduksi, yang berperan dalam mengendalikan laju pertumbuhan penduduk.Melalui analisis terhadap kebijakan dan implementasi UU No. 24 Tahun 2013, ditemukan bahwa tantangan utama dalam mengatasi over populasi adalah kurangnya kesadaran dan partisipasi masyarakat dalam program administrasi kependudukan serta keterbatasan infrastruktur dan sumber daya di daerah-daerah terpencil. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan peningkatan koordinasi antara pemerintah pusat dan daerah, serta kampanye edukasi yang intensif untuk meningkatkan partisipasi masyarakat. Dengan pendekatan yang komprehensif dan berkesinambungan, diharapkan pertumbuhan penduduk di Indonesia dapat dikelola dengan lebih baik, sehingga mendukung pembangunan nasional yang inklusif dan berkelanjutan.
PERGAULAN BEBAS ANAK MUDA YANG MENYEBABKAN HAMIL DAN PERNIKAHAN TANPA RENCANA MENJADI PENYEBAB KEMISKINAN TERSTRUKTUR
Authors: Zaharani Julia Putri  , Varisha Nistiabillah  , Sherly Putri Bungsu
Published: January 2025

Meningkatnya fenomena pergaulan bebas di generasi muda saat ini, terutama yang berujung pada kehamilan di luar pernikahan dan pernikahan usia dini, merupakan permasalahan signifikan yang dapat berdampak ke segala aspek dalam kehidupan para remaja tersebut. Fenomena ini tidak hanya menghambat pada akses pendidikan, tetapi juga membatasi kesempatan ekonomi bagi para remaja, sehingga memiliki dampak yang signifikan terhadap stabilitas sosial dan ekonomi masyarakat. Penelitian ini meneliti hubungan antara pergaulan bebas, kehamilan tak terduga, pernikahan dini, dan dampaknya terhadap kemiskinan struktural pada remaja. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan studi kasus dan analisis deskriptif. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari beberapa responden anak muda yang mengalami kehamilan tidak direncanakan dan pernikahan tanpa rencana. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dan analisis dokumen terkait, lalu dianalisis secara kualitatif untuk mengidentifikasi pola, temuan utama, dan dampak kehamilan serta pernikahan terhadap risiko kemiskinan. Pergaulan bebas di kalangan remaja menjadi salah satu faktor utama tingginya angka kehamilan tidak direncanakan dan pernikahan dini, yang berujung pada peningkatan risiko kemiskinan struktural. Kehamilan dan pernikahan dini tanpa persiapan matang ini tidak hanya menghambat akses pendidikan dan peluang kerja, tetapi juga memperburuk kesejahteraan ekonomi keluarga.
The Climate-Security Nexus in South Asia: Pakistan at the Crossroads of Environmental Degradation and Regional Insecurity, A Pakistan-Centric Analysis of Realism, Social Constructivism, and Green Perspective
Authors: Mohsin Mahmood
Published: January 2025

Climate change poses significant challenges to global security, particularly in South Asia, where rising temperatures, changing rainfall patterns, and increased frequency of extreme weather events are worsening existing tensions over resources such as water and land. This region, home to nearly a quarter of the world's population, is highly susceptible to climate change, with far-reaching insinuations for human migration, conflict, and regional stability. Pakistan, ranked among the top ten countries most vulnerable to climate change, is a critical case study. The country's geography, economy, and population make it highly disposed to climate-related disasters, including floods, droughts, and heatwaves. Climate change is altering the hydrology of the Indus River Basin, a critical source of water for Pakistan and India, further complicating their complex relationship. This research employs a qualitative research design, utilizing a multi-theoretical framework that integrates Realism, Constructivism, and the Green Perspective. The study is based on a comprehensive analysis of secondary data sources, including academic literature, policy documents, and reports from international organizations. The data collection process involved a thorough review of existing literature on climate change, security, and South Asia. The sources included Academic journals and books, Policy documents and reports from international organizations. Finally, Government reports and data. The findings of this study highlight the importance of national interests, security concerns, and power dynamics in shaping Pakistan's response to climate change. The study stresses the need for a comprehensive approach to address the climate change-security nexus in South Asia, including regional cooperation, improved water management practices, and sustainable development. Ultimately, addressing the climate change-security interconnection in South Asia requires a sustained commitment to cooperation, diplomacy, and sustainable development. By working together to address the shared challenges posed by climate change, the countries of South Asia can build a more peaceful, prosperous, and sustainable future for all.
The Impact of Corporal Punishment on Students’ Performance in Public Schools
Authors: Rashid Ali  , Kokab Fatima  , Zobia Shakoor  , Zakir Abbas
Published: January 2025

corporal Punishment can be simplified to the meaning of physical punishment. It has been a long debate whether corporal punishment not should be allowed in schools and more specifically public schools of Pakistan. Since the culture of the subcontinent differs from the culture of the West so does the methods of carrying out life. It is believed that corporal punishment can help discipline children or gauge an effect in the performance. This was a quantitative research project. There were two variables. The impact of corporal punishment is independent variable and student’s per-formance in public schools is dependent variable. This study’s population was 30 students in public school of I_9/4 Islamabad (only male) for the study researcher used random sampling technique. The information gathered through Questionnaires. The researcher analyzed the data using SPSS processes and find, percentage and mean. The findings of this research were corporal punishment effect on students’ academic performance and wellbeing. And researcher recommendation was advocate for policy changes in public schools to discourage the use of corporal punishment.
Distraction Interposition Elbow Arthroplasty: Review, technique, and future considerations
Authors: Shine S. Jake , Bamberger H. Brent , Dann Adam , Goyal Kanu
Published: January 2025

The painful, stiff elbow can be a debilitating problem for patients, especially the young and active. Few good options exist for this population, as the limitations that come with total elbow arthroplasty are typically poorly tolerated. Distraction interposition elbow arthroplasty is a viable alternative to alleviate pain and restore function in this group. The literature is limited and the few available studies have shown unpredictable outcomes with a high complication rate, yet it continues to score well in terms of patient reported satisfaction scores and can prove beneficial in a population with few other options. Success depends on careful patient selection and expectations, preoperative stability, and precise recreation of the normal joint axis. Recent advances in both technique and implants have shown promise in expanding the indications and improving the success of this procedure.
Advances in Personalized Diagnosis and Treatment Strategies for Temporomandibular Disorders
Authors: Zhang Jingrui , Meng Xin , Xu Ke , Ma Jun , Li Xinyu , Han Linfu , Wang Maiquan , Wang Yonggong
Published: January 2025

Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs) is a broad term encompassing pain and/or functional impairment of the masticatory muscles and the temporomandibular joint. Currently, the clinical treatment principles for TMDs mainly include etiological treatment and symptomatic treatment. In addition, the development of personalized diagnostic and treatment plans is crucial for the effective management of TMDs. This review systematically outlines the patient intake process for TMDs and discusses the importance and methods of developing personalized etiological and symptomatic treatment plans based on patient characteristics such as age and symptoms, aiming to provide clinical practitioners with guidance on patient management.
La relación entre etnocentrismo y amor a la marca en consumidores de emprendedores del Altiplano Hidalguense, México
Authors: Amador Martínez María de Lourdes , De Lucio Islas Aline Aurora , García Hernández Yessica
Published: January 2025

El estudio analiza la relación entre el etnocentrismo y el amor a la marca en consumidores de productos de emprendedores del Altiplano Hidalguense. Usando una metodología cuantitativa y correlacional, se recolectaron datos de 114 participantes mediante una encuesta basada en una escala de Likert. Las variables clave fueron etnocentrismo y amor a la marca, evaluadas con 32 ítems. Los resultados mostraron una correlación positiva y fuerte entre estas variables, con un coeficiente de Pearson de 0.97, indicando que el etnocentrismo influye significativamente en el amor a las marcas locales. Además, el análisis de regresión lineal simple reflejó que el etnocentrismo explica en un 82% el amor a la marca, sugiriendo que los consumidores altamente etnocéntricos tienden a preferir productos locales. Se concluye que fortalecer la presencia de los emprendedores locales mediante ferias y estrategias de promoción podría consolidar aún más esta relación. Dentro de las limitantes se encuentra la cantidad de informantes que se tuvieron, así como contemplar solamente a los emprendedores y como línea de investigación, se recomienda investigar variables como edad y nivel educativo para desarrollar estrategias diferenciadas que respondan a las necesidades específicas de los consumidores.
Phytochemical Analysis of Psidium Guajava Leaf Extracts
Authors: Mahnoor Baloch  , Zarlish  , Samra Soomro  , Saher Ujjan
Published: January 2025

Background: Psidium guajava (guava), a medicinal plant from the Myrtaceae family, has been widely used in traditional medicine for its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties. The plant is known for its rich phytochemical composition, which supports its therapeutic applications. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the phytochemical profile of Psidium guajava leaves using different solvent extracts to identify bioactive compounds with potential pharmacological benefits. Methods: Guava leaves were collected, shade-dried for 35 days, and ground into a coarse powder. Sequential solvent extractions were performed using ether, chloroform, ethanol, water, and hydroalcoholic solvents. Standard phytochemical tests were applied to detect alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, sterols, carbohydrates, and other bioactive compounds. Quantitative data were statistically analyzed using SPSS (version 26). Results: Ethanolic and hydroalcoholic extracts exhibited the highest concentrations of phytochemicals. Alkaloids were strongly present in the ethanolic extract (Dragendorff’s reagent: +++, Hager’s reagent: ++). Tannins showed the highest presence in ethanolic, aqueous, and hydroalcoholic extracts (+++). Flavonoids were consistently detected in polar extracts (++). Carbohydrates were significantly abundant in ethanol, aqueous, and hydroalcoholic extracts (++). Nonpolar extracts (ether, chloroform) yielded minimal phytochemicals. Conclusion: The study confirmed the presence of significant bioactive compounds, particularly in polar extracts, validating the pharmacological potential of guava leaves and their relevance in drug development.
Archives / Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Indus Journal of Bioscience Research / Original Article
Outcomes of Meningomyelocele Repair with or without Platelet Rich Plasma Application
Authors: Mahwish Noor ul Haq  , Fatima Naumeri  , Asad Munir  , Hafiza Mariam Rafiq  , Nadir Aman  , Zuha Zafar
Published: January 2025

Objective: Meningomyelocele (MMC) is a common congenital neural tube defect requiring early surgery and a multidisciplinary approach. This study aimed to minimize cerebrospinal (CSF) leakage and accelerate healing in infants undergoing corrective surgery. Methodology: The study consisted of 70 infants with meningomyelocele divided into two groups. The PRP group received platelet rich plasma during surgery, while the control group did not. Within the PRP group, 35 infants underwent primary defect repair. In the control group, 32 had primary repair and 3 had flap closure. Results: The results demonstrated significant benefits of PRP treatment. In the PRP group, 5.7 %( 2 infants) experienced CSF leakage and 8.6% (3 infants) developed meningitis. Additionally, 17.1%(6 infants) had local skin infections and none had wound dehiscence. In contrast, the control group had substantially higher complications rates: 17.1%(6 infants) CSF leakage, 22.9%( 8 infants) meningitis, 45.7%(16) local skin infection and 12.9%(9 infants) wound dehiscence. Conclusion: This study concludes that PRP treatment significantly reduces CSF leakage, skin necrosis, meningitis and wound dehiscence in postoperative meningomyelocele infants. PRP enhances wound healing and minimizes complications, potentially reducing morbidity and mortality. These findings suggest PRP therapy as a valuable adjunct to meningomyelocele surgery.
Comparison of Transverse Mattress Vs Continuous Suture Urethroplasty in Tubularized Incised Plate Hypospadias Repair: A Prospective Study
Authors: Mahwish Noor ul Haq  , Muhammad Kashif Bashir  , Nadir Aman  , Hafiza Mariam Rafiq  , Abdullah Yousaf  , Zuha Zafar
Published: January 2025

We studied two improved techniques for tabularized incised plate (TIP) repair in distal hypospadias: continuous vs transverse mattress sutures. We evaluated their effects on complications and surgical success. Material and Methods: We performed a prospective randomized trial on 60 boys with primary hypospadias, ages 1 to 13 years ( mean age 5.6 years), between June 2024 and November 2024. The participants were randomly divided into two groups based on suturing technique: continuous (30 boys) or transverse mattress(30 boys). This study aimed to compare the complication rates between two groups of patients, all of whom underwent the same preoperative, operative and follow up procedures, allowing for a direct comparison of outcomes. Results: Our study revealed no significant difference( p = 0.06) in complication rates between Group A and Group B. A total of 28 (46.7%) complications occurred, with 18 (30%) in Group A and 10 (16.7%) in Group B. The most common complication encountered in both groups was urethrocutaneous fistula (UCF), affecting nearly a quarter of the total patients. Specifically, 15%(9) of patients in Group A and 8.3%(5) of patients in Group B developed this complication, with a total of 14(23.3%) patients out of 60 being affected. Additionally, 6(10%) patients experienced wound dehiscence , 4(6.7%) in Group A and 2(3.3%) in Group B. Total 8(13.3%) patients developed meatal stenosis , 6 (10%) in Group A and 2 (3.3%) in Group B. Conclusion: The suture technique used in Snodgrass hypospadias repair doesn’t impact complication rates. Surgeon preference, not technique, should guide decision-making. This simplifies surgical planning, enhances patient outcomes and improves safety. Streamlining protocols benefits both patients and surgeons.
Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Early Enteral Feeding Versus Total Parenteral Nutrition in Postoperative Recovery Following Major Abdominal Surgery A Meta-Analysis of Clinical Outcomes and Complications
Authors: Sonia Ejaz  , Muhammad Hakimullah Khan  , Aima Akbar  , Uzair Khan  , Ali Zaman Khan  , Siddiq Akbar  , Muhammad Waqas  , Omair Qaseem
Published: January 2025

This meta-analysis investigates the comparative effectiveness and safety of early enteral feeding (EEN) versus total parenteral nutrition (TPN) in postoperative recovery following major abdominal surgeries, including gastrointestinal resections, esophagectomies, and cystectomies. A systematic review of 12 studies, including randomized controlled trials (RCTs), systematic reviews, and secondary analyses published from 2014 to 2024, was conducted. The primary outcomes analyzed were hospital stay duration, complication rates, and nutritional status, while secondary outcomes included gastrointestinal recovery, immune function, and cost-effectiveness. The results revealed that EEN significantly outperformed TPN in several key areas. EEN was associated with a shorter hospital stay (mean reduction of 2.1 days), fewer infectious complications (risk ratio [RR] 0.68), and reduced pulmonary complications (RR 0.60). Nutritionally, patients in the EEN group exhibited improved outcomes, including higher serum albumin levels (mean difference 0.42 g/dL) and less weight loss (-1.1 kg) compared to those receiving TPN. Additionally, EEN promoted faster gastrointestinal recovery (mean difference of -1.4 days) and improved immune function. Subgroup analyses highlighted the particular advantages of EEN in gastrointestinal and gastric cancer surgeries, where it facilitated quicker recovery and fewer complications. There were no significant differences in mortality rates between the two feeding strategies. Sensitivity and heterogeneity assessments confirmed the robustness of the findings, although moderate risk of bias was observed in some studies. This meta-analysis supports the use of EEN over TPN in postoperative nutritional support, offering better clinical outcomes, faster recovery, and fewer complications, making it a more effective and cost-efficient approach in major abdominal surgeries.
Impact of Infections in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia Receiving Cytarabine+ Daunorubicin (7+3) Versus Azacitidine and Venetoclax during Induction Chemotherapy
Authors: Junaid Alam  , Shakila Aziz Panezai  , Usman Shaikh  , Lavita Kumari  , Muhammad Ilyas  , Sana Ullah kakar
Published: January 2025

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains a challenging hematologic malignancy, with infections, treatment-related toxicity, and multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms significantly contributing to high mortality, particularly in resource-limited settings. This study examined infection patterns, MDR prevalence, and induction outcomes in AML patients receiving standard regimens, including Cytarabine-anthracycline (7+3) and azacitidine-venetoclax (Aza/Ven), at a tertiary hospital in Pakistan. In this observational study, 176 AML patients aged ≥18 years treated from January 2018 to December 2023 were analyzed. Patients on the 7+3 (65.3%) and Aza/Ven (34.7%) regimens were assessed for demographics, clinical status, infection rates, organism profiles, antibiotic resistance, and survival outcomes using Kaplan‒Meier and Cox regression models. Patients on the 7+3 regimen experienced significantly higher neutropenia and infection rates (p<0.001). Among 106 isolates from blood cultures, 12.5% were MDR, with 63% being carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE). The Aza/Ven group exhibited a higher induction-related mortality rate (31.1%) compared to 7+3 (21.7%, p=0.03). Adjusted analysis revealed a six-fold increased risk of death with the Aza/Ven regimen (p<0.001). This study highlights the significant burden of infections and MDR organisms in AML patients, particularly those on Aza/Ven, often reserved for older or high-risk patients. The findings underscore the need for robust infection prevention, stringent antibiotic stewardship, and tailored treatments to optimize outcomes. Further research is essential to refine induction regimens that balance efficacy with infection-related risks, especially in resource-limited settings.
Impact of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors on Cardiovascular Events in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Hamza Shabbir  , Muhammad Rasikh  , Khalid Bashir  , Hamza Ali Khan  , Hassaan Saeed Khan  , Mohsin Raza  , Sayyed Hamza Shahid
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder marked by persistent hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. Objective: The main objective of the study is to find the impact of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors on cardiovascular events in Type 2 diabetes. Methodology: This randomized control trial was conducted at Shalamar Hospital, Lahore, from 1st March to 31st August 2024. Data were collected from 195 patients. Data were collected at baseline and subsequent follow-up visits through standardized protocols. Results: Data were collected from 195 patients. Only 12.2% of patients in the SGLT2 inhibitor group experienced MACE, compared to 25.8% in the control group, reflecting a 52.7% relative risk reduction (p = 0.01). Similarly, heart failure hospitalizations were reduced to 5.1% in the SGLT2 inhibitor group compared to 15.5% in the control group, yielding a 67% relative risk reduction (p = 0.005). These findings highlight the significant cardiovascular protective effects of SGLT2 inhibitors. The Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that patients in the SGLT2 inhibitor group had a significantly longer median time to the first cardiovascular event (11.5 months) compared to the control group (8.5 months), with a p-value of 0.002. Conclusion: It is concluded that sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors significantly reduce cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, making them a pivotal advancement in diabetes management.
Usage of Organic Compounds and Nanoparticles in Everyday Life
Authors: Allah Nawaz  , Muhammad Abdullah  , Tahseen Anwer  , Nouman Ahmed Yousaf  , Rubab Sarfraz  , Muhammad Talha Ahmad  , Bindia  , Muhammad Ali Assad  , Sadaf Sajjad  , Aamir Abbas
Published: January 2025

Combining organic molecules and nanoparticles constitutes a pivotal study domain with substantial ramifications in the healthcare, energy, and environmental sustainability sectors. These materials are essential because of their distinctive qualities, such as the molecular adaptability of organic compounds and the nanoscale benefits of nanoparticles, facilitating advanced applications in medicine delivery, pollution reduction, and the creation of innovative materials. This review examines contemporary literature to offer a thorough grasp of their applications, emphasizing their synergistic potential and identifying significant gaps in their development and implementation. The results underscore significant developments in utilizing these materials, accentuating their roles in sustainable energy systems, cutting-edge medical technology, and eco-friendly industrial practices. Furthermore, the review highlights substantial deficiencies, including the inadequate comprehension of their prolonged environmental effects and the difficulties associated with expanding green synthesis techniques. The review identifies gaps and provides practical solutions and future research paths to improve the safe and effective utilization of organic chemicals and nanoparticles. It emphasizes the significance of interdisciplinary collaboration and the creation of strong regulatory frameworks to realize their full potential while maintaining sustainability and ethical accountability. The insights provided establish a significant basis for researchers, governments, and enterprises to utilize these materials for societal progress.
Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices and Nutritional Status of Children Aged 6-59 Months Seeking Medical Care at Kyegegwa Hospital, Kyegegwa District, Uganda
Authors: Nakabuusu Proscovia , Taremwa Bridget , Kizito Mubangizi , Kansiime Noel , Bagenda Fred , Cherop Calvin , Mugabe Rashid
Published: January 2025

Malnutrition refers to improper intake of energy and nutrients. In Uganda, the prevalence of stunting, underweight and wasting stands at 29%, 11%, and 4% respectively. This study was carried out to document the feeding practices and establish the relationship between the nutrition status of children 6-59 months old seeking health care at Kyegegwa Hospital, hence facilitating the understanding of the complicated links between nutrition and disease. A quantitative and qualitative cross-sectional study was carried out using simple random sampling to select 150 children aged 6-59 months. A semi-structured questionnaire, observation checklist, Focused Group Discussion guide and anthropometrical measurements were used. Qualitative and quantitative data was analysed using Nvivo and STATA respectively following export from Excel. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors associated with nutritional status. A p-value < 0.05 was considered significant with 95% conﬁdence interval. Prevalence of underweight, stunting, and wasting in this study were 4.67%, 10%, and 0.67% respectively. The average meal frequency (63.2%) was three times in the past 24 hours with the highest (52%) number of children being fed using cups. Less than 50% ate Vitamin A rich fruit, meal frequency was significantly associated with stunting, and reliability of water supply was associated with wasting. Prevalence of stunting (10%) and underweight (4.67%) was high but lower than the national level.  Meal frequency and reliability of water supply were significantly associated with the nutritional status of children aged 6-59 month
Neurodiversidad y Enseñanza de las Matemáticas: Enfoques Innovadores Basados en el DUA
Authors: López Altamirano Diego Alberto , Cózar Cisneros Ana Elizabeth , Navarrete Vilatuña Víctor Hugo , Basurto Chavarría Héctor Edmundo
Published: January 2025

La enseñanza de las matemáticas enfrenta un desafío significativo en los entornos educativos contemporáneos: atender a la diversidad de estudiantes que presentan diferencias neurológicas, cognitivas y culturales. Este desafío no solo requiere adaptaciones metodológicas, sino también una transformación profunda en la manera de entender y abordar el aprendizaje. En este contexto, el concepto de neurodiversidad ha ganado relevancia al destacar que las diferencias en el desarrollo neurológico, como el TDAH, la dislexia o la discalculia, no son déficits, sino variaciones naturales en el espectro humano .
KASAYSAYAN NG MILITANTENG KILUSANG PAGGAWA SA PILIPINAS
Authors:   Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Felicia R.E.
Published: January 2025

Unang bahagi ng artikulo na nalimbag bilang Yunit 7 ng Gabay sa Tunay na Unyonismo (editor: R.E.Felicia), Eilier Inc. 1995. Muli itong inililimbag ng Bisig para higit na maipaliwanag ang napakahalagang papel ng mga manggagawa sa pagkakabuo ng mapanghimagsik na Katipunan at ang impluwensya nina Bonifacio at mga kasama sa pagkakabuo at oryentasyon ng mga unang unyon sa Pilipinas. Sa muling limbag na ito, isinama ang mga kalakip na talababa (footnote) na hindi naisama sa edisyon ng 1995. Mahalaga ang mga naiwaglit na talababa dahil lalo pa nitong nilinaw at binigyang detalye ang makabayang simulain at militanteng tradisyon ng mga unang unyon sa Pilipinas.