bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Financial impacts and community resources utilization of children with feeding difficulties
Authors: Okada June , Wilson Erin , Wong John , Luo Man , Fiechtner Lauren , Simione Meg
Published: August 2022

Background

To examine the extent to which financial impacts and community resources utilization are associated with pediatric feeding difficulties. We hypothesize that children with feeding difficulties will have more financial impacts and community resources utilization than children without feeding difficulties.

Methods

We conducted a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data from the 2017–2018 National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH) regarding 14,960 children 0–5 years. NSCH utilized random sampling of families across the United States to collect nationally representative data. Outcomes included out-of-pocket costs, caregivers leaving a job due to the child’s health, food insufficiency, receival of food or cash assistance, and receival of special education and/or developmental services. We used a multivariable logistic regression controlling for sociodemographic factors to examine the associations of feeding difficulties with financial impacts and community resources utilization outcomes.

Results

Out of 14,690 respondents, children were a mean (SD) age of 2.53(0.03) years and 1.7% reported feeding difficulties. These children had higher odds of having out-of-pocket costs of ≥$1000 (OR: 3.01; 95% CI: 1.61, 5.62), having a caregiver that left a job due to their child’s health (OR: 3.16; 95% CI: 2.01, 4.98), experiencing food insufficiency (OR: 1.67; 95% CI: 1.03, 2.71), and receiving special education and/or developmental services (OR 3.98; 95% CI: 2.46, 6.45) than children without feeding difficulties.

Conclusions

Children with feeding difficulties are more likely to have financial impacts and community resources utilization than children without feeding difficulties. This information can be used to tailor interventions to improve family-centered care and outcomes for children.
Effect of the age of visual impairment onset on employment outcomes in South Korea: analysis of the national survey on persons with disabilities data
Authors: Jeon Boyoung , Koo Heejo , Lee Hye-Jae , Han Euna
Published: August 2022

Background

Opportunities for paid employment provide meaningful ways for those with disabilities to participate in society and achieve financial independence. Although the onset age of disabilities can alter individuals’ attitudes toward accepting their disabilities and their desire for work, the lack of data limits relevant empirical research. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of the onset age on employment, job security (permanent vs. temporary), and wage level among visually impaired adults in South Korea.

Methods

We used three years of the National Survey on Persons with Disabilities data, 2011, 2014, and 2017, and included 583 participants in this study. We used a logistic regression model for the employment status and a multinomial logistic regression model for job security. We analyzed log monthly wage by a multivariate linear regression model, which subdivided the age groups, with 20–49 years old denoting prime-aged (n = 245) and 50–64 years old denoting late-middle-aged (n = 338). For each age group, we conducted a sub-analysis by sex.

Results

For prime-aged adults, the employment probability decreased as the age of visual impartment onset increased, and women in particular experienced a lower employment rate for both permanent and temporary jobs when their disability onset age was above 25. However, among permanent employees, monthly wages were higher if the onset age was 25 + compared to when the onset age was 0–5 years old. In late middle-aged adults, adult onset disabilities were associated with higher odds of employment and higher wages for temporary jobs, implying these individuals worked unskilled or manual jobs.

Conclusions

In prime-aged adults, higher monthly wages among permanent employees showed that they were more likely to continue their original work, whereas in late-middle-aged adults, adult-onset disabilities were associated with a higher employment rate and higher wages for temporary jobs, suggesting the need for further investigation into job quality. These findings indicate a need for differentiated policy approaches considering the onset age of visual impairment to improve labor market outcomes throughout individuals’ lifespans.
Health care utilization among individuals who die by suicide as compared to the general population: a population-based register study in Sweden
Authors: Bondesson Elisabeth , Alpar Tori , Petersson Ingemar F. , Schelin Maria E. C. , Jöud Anna
Published: August 2022

Background

Globally, 700 000 people die every year by suicide. Health care consultation patterns the period before suicide could be one potential way to identify people at risk for suicide. Therefore, this study examines health care patterns up to one year prior to the suicide by age, sex and prior diagnoses and specifically investigates if and how this differs from the general population of Skåne, Sweden.

Methods

This cohort study includes all individuals, aged 15 and older, that died by suicide in Region Skåne, Sweden from 2004 to 2015 (n = 1653). The individuals were identified through the Cause of death register and then linked to the Skåne healthcare register. Health care data was analyzed as proportions consulting different types of health care the month and year preceding the suicide, we also investigated the impact of age, sex and the occurrence of prior psychiatric and pain diagnoses. Additionally, we compared the proportion of consulting care among the suicide victims and the general population of Skåne.

Results

In the month before their death, 53% of the suicide victims had any health care consultation, compared with 20% in the general population of Skåne, a given month (p < 0.0001). The corresponding figures for the year prior to suicide was 86% among those who died by suicide, compared to 69% in the general population of Skåne, a given year (p < 0.0001). Women, and those having a documented history of psychiatric diagnosis were more likely to have health care consultations in the month and year preceding suicide (p < 0.001), compared to men and suicide victims without a history of psychiatric disease. Older adults that died by suicide, were less likely to consult psychiatric care compared to the younger suicide victims (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

A majority of the suicide victims consulted health care in the near time before death and the proportion of seeking health care was significantly higher than in the general population of Skåne and higher among female suicide victims as compared to males. Alternative preventive screening measures should be considered for individuals consulting health care, especially for older people and individuals outside the psychiatric care.
In vitro attrition wear resistance of four types of paste-like bulk-fill composite resins
Authors: Asadian Faeze , Hoseini Amirahmad Pahlavan , Ahmadian Leila , Rafeie Niyousha , Rezaei Samaneh , Moradi Zohreh
Published: August 2022

Background

Recently, the application of bulk-fill composite resins has increased significantly. Attrition wear and the consequently increased surface roughness of composite resins are among the causes of restoration failure in the posterior teeth. This study aimed to compare the attrition wear and surface roughness of four types of bulk-fill composite resins compared to a conventional composite resin.

Methods

EverX-Posterior, X-tra fil, SonicFill 2, and Filtek Bulk-Fill composites (bulk-fill) and Z250 composite (conventional resin composite) were evaluated. Thirty cylindrical specimens (n = 6) were weighed and monitored for 24 h until their weight was stabilized. The primary surface roughness of the specimens was measured by a profilometer. The specimens were then subjected to attrition wear in a chewing simulator. Next, the specimens were weighed, and the surface roughness was measured again. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post-hoc test at P < 0.05 significance level.

Results

According to one-way ANOVA, the difference in weight loss was significant among the groups (P = 0.004) but the difference in surface roughness of the groups was not significant after the attrition wear (P > 0.05). Tukey’s post-hoc test showed that the weight loss of bulk-fill composites was not significantly different from that of Z250 conventional composite after the attrition wear (P > 0.05).

Conclusion

Within the limitations of this study, it appears that the tested bulk-fill composite resins are comparable to the conventional composite regarding their attrition wear, increased surface roughness, and weight loss.
A quantitative study of nurses perception to advance directive in selected private and public secondary healthcare facilities in Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Ojedoyin Oluwaseyi Emiola , Jegede Ayodele Samuel
Published: August 2022

Objectives

The study evaluated nurses’ perceptions on the benefits, drawbacks, and their roles in initiating and implementing advance directives (AD) at private and public secondary healthcare units.

Methods

The study adopted a cross-sectional, comparative-descriptive research design and was anchored on the structural functional theory. A total of 401 nurses (131 private and 270 public) were chosen on purpose. The data was collected between January and March 2018 among nurses at the selected hospitals. Analysis was done via SPSSv28.0.1.0.

Results

Compared to nurses working in private healthcare facilities (72.5%), the majority of nurses at the public healthcare facilities (75.2%) indicated a more favorable opinion of AD’s benefits and (61.9%) felt they had a substantial involvement in the development and execution of AD than their private counterpart (56.5%). Similarly, 60.7% of nurses employed by the government agreed that AD has some disadvantages compared to those employed by the private sector (58.8%). Significantly, Christian nurses are 0.53 times less likely than Muslims to contest AD’s benefits; 0.78 times less likely than Muslim to disagree that AD has flaws; and 1.30 times more likely than Muslim nurses to deny they contributed to the development and execution of AD, though not significant.

Conclusion

Making decisions at the end-of-life can be challenging, thus AD should be supported across the board in the healthcare industry. Nurses should be trained on their role in developing and implementing AD, as well as on its advantages and how to deal with its challenges.
Exosome-based strategies for diagnosis and therapy of glioma cancer
Authors: Karami Fath Mohsen , Azami Jalil , Masoudi Alireza , Mosaddeghi Heris Reza , Rahmani Elnaz , Alavi Fatemeh , Alagheband Bahrami Armina , Payandeh Zahra , Khalesi Bahman , Dadkhah Masoomeh , Pourzardosht Navid , Tarhriz Vahideh
Published: August 2022

Glioblastoma belongs to the most aggressive type of cancer with a low survival rate that is characterized by the ability in forming a highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Intercellular communication are created via exosomes in the tumor microenvironment through the transport of various biomolecules. They are primarily involved in tumor growth, differentiation, metastasis, and chemotherapy or radiation resistance. Recently several studies have highlighted the critical role of tumor-derived exosomes against immune cells. According to the structural and functional properties, exosomes could be essential instruments to gain a better molecular mechanism for tumor understanding. Additionally, they are qualified as diagnostic/prognostic markers and therapeutic tools for specific targeting of invasive tumor cells such as glioblastomas. Due to the strong dependency of exosome features on the original cells and their developmental status, it is essential to review their critical modulating molecules, clinical relevance to glioma, and associated signaling pathways. This review is a non-clinical study, as the possible role of exosomes and exosomal microRNAs in glioma cancer are reported. In addition, their content to overcome cancer resistance and their potential as diagnostic biomarkers are analyzed.
Development and validation of a nomogram for evaluating the prognosis of immunotherapy plus antiangiogenic therapy in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Huang Hao , Chen Yao , Weng Xuezi , Li Sirou , Zhang Lin , Chen Peisong
Published: August 2022

Background

With the combination therapy of PD-1/PD-L1 antibody and antiangiogenic drugs used widely in clinic, a novel method to estimate the prognosis of patients is needed. We aimed to develop a nomogram to examine prognosis of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibody plus bevacizumab in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.

Methods

We developed a nomogram using the cohort involving 204 NSCLC patients who treated with immunotherapy and anti-angiogenesis therapy. The nomogram was validated under the same conditions in another cohort with 69 patients. Prognostic factors were analyzed by Cox regression analysis. The nomogram was internally validated using bootstrap resampling and then externally validated. Performance was assessed using concordance index, calibration curve and decision curve analysis. Clinical utility was evaluated using receiver operation characteristic curve.

Results

Pleural metastasis (P = 0.001, HR = 2.980, 95%CI 1.521–5.837), ANC (P < 0.001, HR = 5.139, 95%CI 2.081–12.691), ALC (P = 0.010, HR = 0.331, 95%CI 0.142–0.771), B cells (P = 0.005, HR = 0.329, 95%CI 0.151–0.714), Treg cells (P = 0.002, HR = 2.934, 95%CI 1.478–5.826) were independent prognostic factors. The calibration curves showed good consistency and the C-index of nomogram were 0.808, 0.741 in training and external validation cohort, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) in receiver operation characteristic curves (ROC) are 0.833 (P < 0.001) and 0.908 (P < 0.001), respectively.

Conclusion

We build an accurate and convenient nomogram to predict long-time overall survival (OS) of NSCLC patients treated with PD-1/PD-L1 antibody and antiangiogenic drugs and validated this nomogram. The nomogram might be helpful to clinicians to estimate long-time OS of NSCLC patients treated with PD-1/PD-L1 antibody and antiangiogenic drugs.
Achaete-scute complex-like 2 regulated inflammatory mechanism through Toll-like receptor 4 activating in stomach adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zheng Enqi , Cai Zhun , Li Wangyong , Ni Chuandou , Fang Qian
Published: August 2022

Background

To investigate the role of achaete-scute complex-like 2 (ASCL2) in stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD), we analyze whether ASCL2 suppression could retard cancer development and further observe the relevance between ASCL2 and inflammation via Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) activation in STAD, both in vitro and in vivo.

Methods

Proliferation, development, inflammation, and apoptosis in STAD are observed using sh-ASCL2 lentivirus via TLR4 activation in vitro and in vivo. The relationship between ASCL2 and inflammation is analyzed. Western blotting of ASCL2 with the target protein of immune-associated cells is performed. The prognosis of STAD and associated ASCL2 mutation are analyzed.

Results

The ASCL2 level in STAD tumor tissues is increased, compared to normal tissues, and brings a worse prognosis. The ASCL2 shows a negative correlation with inflammation, and TLR4 reveals a positive correlation with gastric cancer. ASCL2 expression is high in MGC803 cells. Sh-ASCL2 could reduce STAD development by decreasing proliferation, tumor volume, and biomarker levels and increasing apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. The inflammatory role of ASCL2 is regulated through TLR4 activation. ASCL2 levels may be related to CNTNAP3, CLIP1, C9orf84, ARIH2, and IL1R2 mutations; positively correlated with M2 macrophage and T follicular helper cell levels; negatively correlated with neutrophil, dendritic cell, monocyte, CD8 T cell, and M1 macrophage levels; and involved in STAD prognosis.

Conclusions

The ASCL2 may adjust inflammation in STAD through TLR4 activation and may be associated with related immune cells. ASCL2 is possibly an upstream target factor of the TLR4 signaling pathway.
Efficacy of early goal-directed therapy using FloTrac/EV1000 to improve postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Tribuddharat Sirirat , Sathitkarnmanee Thepakorn , Ngamsaengsirisup Kriangsak , Sornpirom Sanpicha
Published: August 2022

Background

Early goal-directed therapy (EGDT) using FloTrac reduced length of stay (LOS) in intensive care (ICU) and hospital among patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) with a cardiopulmonary bypass. However, this platform in off-pump CABG (OPCAB) has received scant attention, so we evaluated the efficacy of EGDT using FloTrac/EV1000 as a modality for improving postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing OPCAB.

Methods

Forty patients undergoing OPCAB were randomized to the EV1000 or Control group. The Control group received fluid, inotropic, or vasoactive drugs (at the discretion of the attending anesthesiologist) to maintain a mean arterial pressure 65–90 mmHg; central venous pressure 8–12 mmHg; urine output ≥ 0.5 mL kg−1 h−1; SpO2 > 95%; and hematocrit ≥ 30%. The EV1000 group achieved identical targets using information from the FloTrac/EV1000. The goals included stroke volume variation < 13%; cardiac index (CI) of 2.2–4.0 L min−1 m−2; and systemic vascular resistance index of 1500–2500 dynes s−1 cm−5 m−2.

Results

The EV1000 group had a shorter LOS in ICU (mean difference − 1.3 d, 95% CI − 1.8 to − 0.8; P < 0.001). The ventilator time for both groups was comparable (P = 0.316), but the hospital stay for the EV1000 group was shorter (mean difference − 1.4 d, 95% CI − 2.1 to − 0.6; P < 0.001).

Conclusions

EGDT using FloTrac/EV1000 compared to conventional protocol reduces LOS in ICU and hospital among patients undergoing OPCAB.

Trial registration This study was retrospectively registered at www.ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04292951) on 3 March 2020.
A case of complex balanced chromosomal translocations associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes
Authors: Luo Yan , Lu Hezhen , Zhang Yanshang , Cui Zhiqiang , Zhang Pingping , Li Yali
Published: August 2022

Complex chromosomal rearrangements (CCR) are rare chromosomal structural abnormalities. The chromosomal structural variants in CCR carriers are one of the factors contributing to a history of adverse pregnancy and childbirth. In this study, we report a patient with a history of adverse pregnancy and childbirth who exhibited complex balanced chromosomal translocations. The female patient was phenotypically and intellectually normal; in her first pregnancy, the embryo was damaged, and a histological examination of the chromosomes of the embryos revealed a deletion of approximately 4.66 Mb at 1p32.3p32.2, a duplication of approximately 1.02 Mb at 1p22.2p22.1, a duplication of approximately 1.46 Mb at 6q27 and a deletion of approximately 7.78 Mb at 9p24.3p24.1. Chromosomal examinations of the patient revealed the karyotype to be 46,XX,(1;9)(p32; p34). In the second pregnancy, the foetus was diagnosed prenatally with three or more positive ultrasound soft indicators. The patient's karyotype was re-examined and further confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridisation as 46,XX,t(1;9;6)(p31;p22;q27), revealing this patient was a carrier of complex balanced chromosomal translocations. Carriers of CCR have a higher risk of spontaneous abortion, and genetic counselling clinicians should consider the karyotype analyses of such patients in clinical practice and recheck their chromosomes if necessary.
Dataset of the de novo assembly and annotation of the marbled crayfish and the noble crayfish hepatopancreas transcriptomes
Authors: Boštjančić Ljudevit Luka , Francesconi Caterina , Rutz Christelle , Hoffbeck Lucien , Poidevin Laetitia , Kress Arnaud , Jussila Japo , Makkonen Jenny , Feldmeyer Barbara , Bálint Miklós , Schwenk Klaus , Lecompte Odile , Theissinger Kathrin
Published: August 2022

Objectives

Crayfish plague disease, caused by the oomycete pathogen Aphanomyces astaci represents one of the greatest risks for the biodiversity of the freshwater crayfish. This data article covers the de novo transcriptome assembly and annotation data of the noble crayfish and the marbled crayfish challenged with Ap. astaci. Following the controlled infection experiment (Francesconi et al. in Front Ecol Evol, 2021, https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2021.647037), we conducted a differential gene expression analysis described in (Boštjančić et al. in BMC Genom, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-022-08571-z)

Data description

In total, 25 noble crayfish and 30 marbled crayfish were selected. Hepatopancreas tissue was isolated, followed by RNA sequencing using the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform. Raw data was checked for quality with FastQC, adapter and quality trimming were conducted using Trimmomatic followed by de novo assembly with Trinity. Assembly quality was assessed with BUSCO, at 93.30% and 93.98% completeness for the noble crayfish and the marbled crayfish, respectively. Transcripts were annotated using the Dammit! pipeline and assigned to KEGG pathways. Respective transcriptome and raw datasets may be reused as the reference transcriptome assemblies for future expression studies.
Anti-tumor effects of dual PI3K-HDAC inhibitor CUDC-907 on activation of ROS-IRE1α-JNK-mediated cytotoxic autophagy in esophageal cancer
Authors: Jian Zheng , Han Yichao , Zhang Wentian , Li Chengqiang , Guo Wei , Feng Xijia , Li Bin , Li Hecheng
Published: August 2022

Background

PI3K-Akt pathway activation and the expression of histone deacetylases (HDACs) are highly increased in esophageal cancer, suggesting that inhibition of such targets may be a viable therapeutic strategy. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the anti-tumor effect of CUDC-907, a dual PI3K-HDAC inhibitor, in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Methods

The anti-tumor effects of CUDC-907 in ESCC were evaluated using cell counting kit-8, flow cytometry, and western blot. mRNA-sequencing was used to explore the mechanism underlying CUDC-907 anti-tumor effects. The relations of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipocalin 2 (LCN2), and CUDC-907 were determined by flow cytometry, rescue experiments, and western blot. The activation of the IRE1α-JNK-CHOP signal cascade was confirmed by western blot. The in vivo inhibitory effects of CUDC-907 were examined by a subcutaneous xenograft model in nude mice.

Results

CUDC-907 displayed effective inhibition in the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ESCC cells. Through an mRNA-sequencing and functional enrichment analysis, autophagy was found to be associated with cancer cells death. CUDC-907 not only inhibited the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathways to result in autophagy, but also induced ROS accumulation to activate IRE1α-JNK-CHOP-mediated cytotoxic autophagy by downregulating LCN2 expression. Consistently, the in vivo anti-tumor effects of CUDC-907 accompanied by the downregulated expression of p-mTOR and LCN2 and upregulated expression of p-IRE1α and LC3B-II were evaluated in a xenograft mouse model.

Conclusion

Our findings suggested the clinical development and administration of CUDC-907 might act as a novel treatment strategy for ESCC. A more in-depth understanding of the anti-tumor effect of CUDC-907 in ESCC will benefit the clinically targeted treatment of ESCC.
CDKN2AIP is critical for spermiogenesis and germ cell development
Authors: Cao Yuming , Sun Qi , Chen Zhenlie , Lu Jing , Geng Ting , Ma Ling , Zhang Yuanzhen
Published: August 2022

Background

As a member of RNA-binding protein, CDKN2AIP has been shown to play a critical role in stem cell pluripotency and somatic differentiation. Recent studies indicate that Cdkn2aip is essential for spermatogonial self-renewal and proliferation through the activating Wnt-signaling pathway. However, the mechanisms of how Cdkn2aip regulate spermatogenesis is poorly characterized.

Results

We discovered that the CDKN2AIP was expressed in spermatocyte as well as spermatids and participated in spermiogenesis. Cdkn2aip−/− mice exhibited multiple sperm head defects accompanied by age dependent germ cell loss that might be result of protamine replacement failure and impaired SUN1 expression. Loss of Cdkn2aip expression in male mice resulted in synapsis failure in 19% of all spermatocytes and increased apoptosis due to damaged DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair and crossover formation. In vitro, knockdown of Cdkn2aip was associated with extended S phase, increased DNA damage and apoptosis.

Conclusions

Our findings not only identified the importance of CDKN2AIP in spermiogenesis and germ cell development, but also provided insight upon the driving mechanism.
On dynamic inequalities in two independent variables on time scales and their applications for boundary value problems
Authors: El-Deeb Ahmed A.
Published: August 2022

Our work is based on the multiple inequalities illustrated by Boudeliou and Khalaf in 2015. With the help of the Leibniz integral rule on time scales, we generalize a number of those inequalities to a general time scale. Besides that, in order to obtain some new inequalities as special cases, we also extend our inequalities to discrete, quantum, and continuous calculus. These inequalities may be of use in the analysis of some kinds of partial dynamic equations on time scales and their applications in environmental phenomena, physical and engineering sciences described by partial differential equations.
Analysis of the dietary diversity status of agricultural households in the Nkomazi Local Municipality, South Africa
Authors: Sambo T. A. , Oguttu J. W. , Mbombo-Dweba T. P.
Published: August 2022

Background

Dietary diversity is a good alternative measure of the nutritional adequacy and food security. The present study assessed the household dietary diversity status and its determinants among agricultural households in the Nkomazi Local Municipality, South Africa.

Methods

Out of 543 households in the study area that were supported by the Phezukomkhono Mlimi programme during the 2018/19 production season, only 355 met the inclusion criteria and consented to participate in this study. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, computation of the Household Dietary Diversity Score (HDDS) and the ordered logit regression model.

Results

Most of the respondents were elderly (56.10%) and females (59.44%). Most had low levels of education (43.66%) and low farm income (96.34%). In addition, most (65.35%) had large households. The majority (49.86%) of the households in the study area had a HDDS of 4.40, while the median HDDS in the study area was 3.90. Over the recall period, the majority of households consumed cereals (100%) and vegetable (78.31%) food types. Households headed by respondents with no formal education had lower odds (OR = 0.20; 95% CI 0.06–0.61) of having a higher dietary diversity compared to those headed by heads who had attained tertiary education. Households with income ≤ R3000.00 had lower odds (OR = 0.51; 95% CI 0.31–0.85) of having a higher dietary diversity as compared to those with income > R3000.00. Households with 1–5 members had higher odds (OR = 10.41; 95% CI 1.05–103.20) of having a higher dietary diversity as compared to larger households. With every unit increase in the age of the household head, the odds of the household of having a higher dietary diversity increased by 1.03 (OR = 1.03; 95% CI 1.01–1.05).

Conclusion

Since cereals and vegetables dominated the diets of the respondents, findings of this study highlight the need for improved access to sources of protein among the respondents. Therefore, there is a need for programmes to educate respondents on the dangers of inadequate nutrition (lacking in protein). Strategies that enhance farm income and the level of education among respondents should be prioritised because of their potential to boost Household Dietary Diversity (HDD) in the study area. Collaborations between different stakeholders, such as nutritionists, extension workers and researchers, should be encouraged so as to develop a holistic approach to improving the HDD in the study area.
Evolving etiologies and rates of revision total knee arthroplasty: a 10-year institutional report
Authors: Brown Matthew L. , Javidan Pooya , Early Sam , Bugbee William
Published: August 2022

Background

The number of total knee arthroplasties (TKA) performed in the United States is projected to rise significantly, with a proportionate increase in the revision burden. Understanding the mechanism of failure in primary TKA is important as etiologies continue to evolve and reasons for revision change. The purpose of this study was to determine the reason for revision TKA at our institution among early and late failures and assess if the etiology has changed over a 10-year time-period.

Methods

We identified 258 revision TKAs performed at our institution between 2005 and 2014. Reasons for revision TKA were categorized according to diagnosis. We also conducted subgroup analysis for TKA revisions performed within two years of the primary TKA (early failures) and those performed after two years (late failures). Revision TKAs were also grouped by year of primary TKA (before and after 2000) and time period in which the revision TKA was performed (2005–2009 and 2010–2014).

Results

The most common reason for revision TKA was infection (29.3%), followed by aseptic loosening (19.7%), which together accounted for half of all revisions. Other indications for revision were instability (11.6%), osteolysis (10.4%), arthrofibrosis (8.1%), polyethylene (PE) wear (7.7%), malalignment/malposition (5.4%), patellar complication (3.1%), periprosthetic fracture (2.3%), pain (1.5%), and extensor mechanism deficiency (0.8%). Nearly half of early failures (47%) were due to infection. Osteolysis and PE wear made of a significantly higher proportion of revisions of TKAs performed prior to 2000 compared to index TKAs performed after 2000.

Conclusion

At our institution, infection was the most common reason for revision TKA. Infection had a higher rate of early revisions. Proportion of TKAs revised for osteolysis and PE wear was higher for TKAs performed prior to 2000. Proportion of revision TKA for infection and instability were higher with TKAs performed after 2000.
A matrix-fracture-fluid decoupled PP reflection coefficient approximation for seismic inversion in tilted transversely isotropic media
Authors: Huang Guangtan , Ba Jing , Gei Davide , Carcione José M.
Published: August 2022

Fracture-induced azimuthal anisotropy of seismic waves has useful applications in the characterization of hydrocarbon reservoirs as well as the overburden. Existing theories face problems estimating the fracture-weakness parameters, identifying the saturating fluid, and constraining the depth model building. To overcome these problems, we have adopted an azimuthal amplitude variation with angle/offset inversion for the estimation of these parameters and identification of the fluid. First, we define more intuitive fracture and fluid indicators based on rock physics, identifying the fluid by decoupling the fracture weakness parameters. Then, we derive a “rock matrix-fracture-fluid” decoupled PP-wave reflection coefficient approximation of a weakly tilted transversely isotropic medium by using a perturbation matrix and scattering theory. Compared with the conventional fracture weakness-based approximation, our method incorporates the fracture density and the fluid indicator. The inversion test finds that our approximation is effective.
Seismic data interpolation using nonlocal self-similarity prior
Authors: Niu Xiao , Fu Lihua , Fang Wenqian , Wang Qin , Zhang Meng
Published: August 2022

The use of a nonlocal self-similarity (NSS) prior, which refers to each reference patch always having many nonlocal similar patches, has demonstrated its effectiveness in seismic data random noise attenuation because of the repetitiveness of textures and structures in their global position. However, NSS-based approaches face challenges when dealing with seismic interpolation. In the presence of missing traces, similar patch matching may be highly unreliable, resulting in a limited performance of interpolation. To solve this problem, a two-stage iterative seismic-interpolation framework based on a rank-reduction (RR) algorithm is developed. In the first stage, preinterpolation seismic data are used to guide the similar patch matching, and the problem of missing trace recovery for the stacked matched patches is converted to the problem of low-rank matrix completion. In the second stage, the similar patches are directly searched on the interpolation result after stage 1 without external help; that is, exploiting its own NSS, which can achieve enhanced interpolation performance. For each iteration, we obtain accurate similarly matched groups and apply a simple and efficient truncated singular value decomposition for RR. Owing to the unique construction method of a low-rank matrix formed by similar patches, our approach can handle irregularly or regularly sampled seismic data. Numerical experiments verify the effectiveness of our method, compared with the curvelet, low-rank matrix fitting, and f- x prediction filtering methods.
Understanding the effects of a complex psychological intervention on symptoms of depression in Goa, India: findings from a causal mediation analysis
Authors: Seward Nadine , Vansteelandt Stijn , Moreno-Agostino Darío , Patel Vikram , Araya Ricardo
Published: August 2022

Background

Understanding how and under what circumstances a highly effective psychological intervention, improved symptoms of depression is important to maximise its clinical effectiveness.

Aims

To address this complexity, we estimate the indirect effects of potentially important mediators to improve symptoms of depression (measured with the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)) in the Healthy Activity Program trial.

Method

Interventional in(direct) effects were used to decompose the total effect of the intervention on PHQ-9 scores into the direct and indirect effects. The following indirect effects were considered: characteristics of sessions, represented by the number of sessions and homework completed; behavioural activation, according to an adapted version of the Behavioural Activation for Depression Scale – Short Form; and extra sessions offered to participants who did not respond to the intervention.

Results

Of the total effect of the intervention measured through the difference in PHQ-9 scores between treatment arms (mean difference: −2.1, bias-corrected 95% CI −3.2 to −1.5), 34% was mediated through improved levels of behavioural activation (mean difference: −0.7, bias-corrected 95% CI −1.2 to −0.4). There was no evidence to support the mediating role of characteristics of the sessions nor the extra sessions offered to participants who did not respond to the treatment.

Conclusions

Findings from our robust mediation analyses confirmed the importance of targeting behavioural activation. Contrary to published literature, our findings suggest that neither the number of sessions nor proportion of homework completed improved outcomes. Moreover, in this context, alternative treatments other than extra sessions should be considered for patients who do not respond to the intervention.
Dynamic analysis and sliding mode control method of 5-DOF manipulator
Authors: Jiang Quansheng , Cai Kai , Ma Ming
Published: August 2022

Background: The five degree of freedom (5-DOF) manipulator greatly improves the machining efficiency and accuracy because of its high flexibility. They see wide application in various automation fields. The dynamic analysis and modeling of manipulators is of great significance to improve the working accuracy of a manipulator.

Methods: For the robot task of sheet metal bending, a 5-DOF manipulator based on sliding mode control strategy is designed in this paper. Firstly, the dynamics of the 5-DOF manipulator is analyzed and the dynamic equation is established. Secondly, based on the principle of sliding mode control, a proportional integral (PI) sliding mode control method for 5-DOF manipulator based on nominal model is proposed. Finally, the sliding mode control simulation experiment of 5-DOF manipulator is carried out to verify its stability.

Results: The 5-DOF manipulator with PI sliding mode control has a good control effect by overcoming the influence of modeling error due to its strong robustness, and effectively realizes good control stability.

Conclusions: The experimental results show that the 5-DOF manipulator has good response speed and stability. The results also suggest that the manipulator can be widely used in complex scenarios such as medical surgery or industrial production line with high safety requirements.
The climbing flora of India: A comprehensive checklist
Authors: Pandi Vivek , Babu Kanda Naveen
Published: August 2022

The climbing plants in India are listed in detail in this data note. This comprehensive list of climbers was compiled using more than 100 published and unpublished sources that span more than a century. It includes a total of 2,608 species representing 585 genera and 104 spermatophyte plant families. Each species listed in the dataset is categorised according to its degree of woodiness and climbing strategies. The dataset also includes information on The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) status of all climber species from India. The botanical nomenclature used in the data has been updated to reflect Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG) IV classification. Researchers who are conducting ecological, taxonomic, phylogenetic, and evolutionary studies on climbers will be particularly interested in this dataset.
Anticancer activity of Caesalpinia sappan by downregulating mitochondrial genes in A549 lung cancer cell line
Authors: Widodo Nashi , Puspitarini Sapti , Widyananda Muhammad Hermawan , Alamsyah Adzral , Wicaksono Septian Tri , Masruri Masruri , Jatmiko Yoga Dwi
Published: August 2022

Background: The standardization and mechanism of action of Caesalpinia sappan as an anticancer agent are still lacking. This study aimed to understand the mechanism of action of  C,sappan extract as an anticancer agent.

Methods: This study was conducted using the A549 lung cancer cell line to understand the mechanism of action of C. sappan extract as an anticancer agent. The cytotoxicity activity, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, protein-related apoptosis (i.e., BCL-2and BAX protein) assays, and RNA sequencing were performed level were measured. Moreover, the antioxidant activity, total flavonoids, and phenolics of C.sappan were also assessed.

Results: C.sappan has strong antioxidant activity (22.14 ± 0.93 ppm) total flavonoid content of (529.3 ± 4.56 mgQE/g), and phenolics content of (923.37 ± 5 mgGAE/g). The C.sappan ethanol extract inhibited cancer cell growth and arrested at G0/G1 phase of cell cycle, inducing apoptosis by increasing BAX/BCL-2 protein ratio in A549 lung cancer cell line. Furthermore, results from RNA sequencing analysis showed that C.sappan ethanol extract caused downregulation of genes acting on mitochondrial function including adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production and respiration.

Conclusions: This study demonstrated that C.sappan has the ability to inhibit cancer cell growth by inducing apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction in A549 cells.
Hypothyroidism: clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment
Authors: Wojtachnio Dominika , Osiejewska Aleksandra , Bartoszewicz Jakub , Grądzik Anna , Nowakowska Izabela , Kudan Małgorzata , Gorajek Anna , Mikut Karolina
Published: August 2022

Introduction and purpose:

Hypothyroidism is a common disorder of the endocrine system in which the thyroid gland is not able to produce enough of certain thyroid hormones.

Brief description of the state of knowledge: 

The prevalence of hypothyroidism is between 1 and 6% and it is more common in women and older adults. Untreated significantly decreases the quality of life and increases mortality. Symptoms of hypothyroidism are nonspecific and may be confused with signs of other clinical conditions. The most common symptoms are chronic tiredness and fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance, dry skin and hair loss. Serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is the primary screening test for thyroid disfunction. Standard treatment for hypothyroidism consists of thyroid hormone replacement called levothyroxine.

Conclusion:

This article reviews basic informations, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of hypothyroidism.
O (in)dizível de William Chandless sobre as Amazônias nas palavras de Raquel Alves Ishii
Authors: Teles Tayson Ribeiro
Published: August 2022

RESENHAISHII, Raquel Alves. William Chandless: arte e ofício em literatura de viagem pelas Amazônias. Rio Branco: Nepan Editora, 2019, 125p.
Calendário intercultural: resultado de uma pesquisa-ação com professoras
Authors: Reis Peters Maria José Ambrósio , Lima Marcia Machado
Published: August 2022

estudo é o resultado de uma pesquisa-ação no período de 2019 a 2021, com professoras do ensino básico da EMEF Prof. Herbert de Alencar na cidade de Porto Velho e teve como objetivo investigar e, compreender os pontos de vista destas participantes sobre as variáveis presentes na socialização e, aprendizado dos estudantes imigrantes no contexto da escola-campo com ênfase nos processos interculturais e étnico-raciais, dialogando com os aspectos da educação étnico racial e a interculturalidade e construir possibilidades de materiais didáticos que pudessem visibilizar, validar, valorizar e circular os saberes dos estudantes bolivianos,  haitianos e venezuelanos. As rodas de conversas como um processo de coleta de dados, reuniu informações acerca de conteúdos para serem acrescidos como saberes no currículo da escola campo e também construiu coletivamente um produto educacional denominado Calendário Intercultural.
Em cena com a Mestra Rosa Castro: o percurso de uma professora no cenário educacional maranhense.
Authors: Costa Marcia Cordeiro , Castro Cesar Augusto
Published: August 2022

No presente artigo, aborda-se o percurso da professora normalista Rosa Castro (1891-1976), que atuou no espaço público por meio do ensino e destacou-se pela autoridade docente construída na vida laboral como professora e intelectual no Estado do Maranhão. Fundou, em 1916, a “Escola Normal Primária Rosa Castro,” onde lecionou e instruiu toda uma geração de professores. Busca-se, assim, analisar seus saberes e fazeres e os desafios pelos quais passara durante o exercício do magistério e sua participação em outros espaços públicos. Nesse itinerário, passeia-se pela História da Educação do Maranhão, no âmbito da instrução primária e do magistério na Primeira República. Assim, foi realizado um levantamento documental na Biblioteca Pública Benedito Leite do Estado do Maranhão e levantamento bibliográfico em livros e jornais. Por fim, dar visibilidade a essa personagem se investe de importância por contribuir com os estudos no campo da história das mulheres e das relações de gênero socialmente produzidas na cultura escolar maranhense.
MOVIMENTOS SOCIAIS E MOVIMENTO INDÍGENA – ETNIA E CLASSE SOCIAL: caminhos que cruzam, mas não se confundem
Authors: BICALHO Poliene Soares dos Santos
Published: August 2022

A década de 1970 marca a emergência de vários movimentos indígenas na América Latina, impulsionados pelas lutas de libertação nacional pós-Segunda Guerra Mundial na África e na Ásia; pelos Direitos Humanos nos Estados Unidos; por movimentos feministas, étnicos e ambientais em grande parte do mundo. Especificamente sobre os movimentos sociais de caráter étnico é que se debruçam as preocupações deste artigo. O objetivo central é compreender o processo de formação e sistematização dos movimentos indígenas, especialmente no Brasil, a partir de 1970, e problematizar as percepções teóricas inerentes às noções de movimento social e movimento indígena e classe social e etnia. A problemática norteadora agrega a hipótese de que os movimentos indígenas se caracterizam por demandas étnicas, políticas e sociais, contudo, não se definem como movimentos de classe em sentido stricto. A análise e revisão da literatura circunstanciam a construção da pesquisa e da elaboração da narrativa
Adapting a palliative care-focused cancer self- and family management intervention for use in Israel
Authors: Schulman-Green Dena , Feder Shelli L , Collett David , Aaron Eliana M. , Haron Yafa , Eilon Yael , Admi Hanna
Published: August 2022

Background:

In Israel, there is a need to improve quality of life and health outcomes among patients and families facing cancer. Increasing awareness of, literacy about, and availability of palliative care may further this goal.

Aims:

This study aimed to adapt a palliative care-focused cancer self- and family management intervention developed in the US for use in Israel.

Methods:

The Managing Cancer Care (MCC) psycho-educational intervention is comprised of Managing Cancer Care: A Personal Guide (MCC-PT©) for patients and Managing Cancer Care: A Caregiver's Guide (MCC-CG©) for family caregivers. Following translation into Hebrew, an expert panel of Israeli nurses edited the MCC tool for cultural relevance. The authors then conducted qualitative interviews with patients with breast cancer and their family caregivers to obtain feedback. Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis.

Findings:

Following recommendations from Israeli experts in oncology and/or palliative care (n=3), the authors revised intervention content specific to the US healthcare system and culture. Patients' (n=13) and family caregivers' (n=10) reported MCC as attractive (70%, 80%), topically relevant (80%, 70%), and culturally appropriate, but felt that palliative care resources should be more Israel-specific.

Conclusion:

The MCC tool is acceptable to potential users, warranting further pilot-testing.
The effects of Feijoa sellowiana fruit extract on wound healing in rats: a stereological and molecular study
Authors: Otaghvar Hamidreza Alizadeh , Rezapour-Nasrabad Rafat , Ebrahimzadeh Mohammad Ali , Yaghoubi Mehran , Khalatbary Ali Reza , Nasiry Davood , Raoofi Amir , Rostamzadeh Auob
Published: August 2022

Objective:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and wound-healing potential of Feijoa sellowiana fruit extract using stereological and molecular methods in experimental rat models.

Materials:

Male Wistar rats were divided into four equal groups: non-treated, vehicle, Feijoa sellowiana fruit extract ointment (5% weight/weight) and the reference drug (madecassol). All animals were treated topically once per day. At the end of the study, wound samples were harvested for histological, stereological, immunohistochemical and molecular assessments to determine the in vivo healing potential and anti-inflammatory activity. A high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis was performed for the characterisation of the phenolic acids in the extract.

Results:

The study included 64 rats in total. Our results showed that the wound closure, volume of new epidermis and dermis, density of fibroblasts and blood vessels, and the deposition of collagen were significantly higher in both extract and madecassol groups compared to the non-treated and vehicle groups, with superior healing in the extract group. The transcript for the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β gene was significantly upregulated in both extract and madecassol groups compared to non-treated and vehicle groups and was highest for the extract group. The density of inflammatory cells and expression levels of the cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 protein and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α gene in the extract and madecassol groups, especially in the extract group, were significantly reduced compared to non-treated and vehicle groups.

Conclusion:

Our results confirm that the Feijoa sellowiana fruit extract is a valuable source of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities and can allow for damaged tissue in wounds to recover markedly.