bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A bibliometric approach for managing institutional and personal scientific investments, with examples from the biological sciences
Authors: Winker Kevin
Published: August 2018

Self assessment should include asking ourselves how we might allocate our investments to enhance the impact of our publication portfolio. I develop an easily implemented scientific investment portfolio analysis tool based on citations. Using Google Scholar data, I provide examples at individual and institutional levels for two cases in the biological sciences. Visualizing these data in three dimensions reveals striking degrees of structure and variation in how investments have been made and in how they have performed among subdisciplines or scientific market sectors. Legacy and time-corrected performance also provide contrasting views. This approach provides a quantitative way to assess market sectors in relation to each other in a way that should be broadly useful in planning future scientific investments for individuals, departments, or institutions.
The first ten years of trying to catch a milkshake acting like a computer: A response to readers, students, and colleagues
Authors: Kelty-Stephen Damian
Published: August 2018

The milkshake acting like a computer is an idea that appeared on my stupid professional website ten years ago when I was first struggling to begin a straight-faced professional, academic “web presence.” This text here has no new empirical evidence and is not an attempt to develop theory in any way. It is an attempt to thank the digital community of scholars that has kept me afloat for these past 10 years by answering some of the questions and concerns that the sea of digits has thrown my way. I aim here for a format that is hopefully easier to read and more open to discussion than much of the peer-reviewed literature. I would ask that people read this document in the spirit of open review. And if you have any comments, questions, or thoughts, I’m asking right now for you to please share them to help me make the future of milkshakes acting like computers ever better than the milkshakes past.
United Democratic Movement v Speaker of the National Assembly and Others
Authors: Banda Tinenenji
Published: August 2018

SAIPAR Case Review: Vol. 1 : Iss. 2 , Article 7The elegant, unanimous judgment, was delivered by Chief Justice Mogoeng Mogoeng. Justice Mogoeng began his judgment by underscoring the fact that as a constitutional democracy, the South African government was a government “of the people, by the people and for the people”. He added that since constitutional democracies do not self-actualize, it was the responsibility of governmental institutions and structures to turn the aspirations of the people into a reality. Noting that fifty five million people cannot collectively govern the Republic, he acknowledged that governance “by the people” was a legal fiction, noting further that the impracticalities of collective governance compelled the people to assign governance functions to “servants” and “messengers” who, in the exercise of these functions, should have the welfare of all South Africans foremost in mind.
Prolonged depression of knee extensor torque complexity following eccentric exercise
Authors: Pethick Jamie , Whiteaway Katherine , Winter Samantha Lee , Burnley Mark
Published: August 2018

Neuromuscular fatigue reduces the complexity of muscle torque output. Exercise-induced muscle damage reduces muscle torque output for considerably longer than high-intensity fatiguing contractions. We therefore hypothesized that muscle damaging eccentric exercise would lead to a persistent decrease in torque complexity, whereas fatiguing exercise would not. Ten healthy participants performed five isometric contractions (6 s contraction, 4 s rest) at 50% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) before, immediately after, 10, 30 and 60 minutes, and 24 hours after eccentric (muscle damaging) and isometric (fatiguing) exercise. Further measures were taken 48 hours and one week after eccentric exercise. Torque and surface EMG signals were sampled continuously. Complexity and fractal scaling were quantified using approximate entropy (ApEn) and detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA). Global, central and peripheral perturbations were quantified using MVCs with femoral nerve stimulation. Complexity decreased following both eccentric (ApEn, mean (SD), from 0.39 (0.10) to 0.20 (0.12), P < 0.001) and isometric exercise (from 0.41 (0.13) to 0.09 (0.04); P < 0.001). After eccentric exercise ApEn and DFA α required 24 hours to recover to baseline levels, compared to only 10 minutes following isometric exercise. MVC torque remained reduced (from 233.6 (74.2) N.m to 187.5 (64.7) N.m) and submaximal EMG amplitude increased (from 51.2 (6.9)% to 68.4 (11.3)%) 48 hours after eccentric exercise, with such changes only evident up to 60 minutes following isometric exercise (MVC torque, from 246.1 (77.2) to 217.9 (71.8) N.m; submaximal EMG from 52.9 (6.4)% to 66.2 (9.0)%). The prolonged depression in maximal muscle torque output is therefore accompanied by a reduction in torque complexity, suggesting that eccentric exercise diminishes motor control as well as muscle force-generating capacity.
Yield and Yield Components Response to Defoliation of Spring Wheat Genotypes with Different Level of Resistance to Helminthosporium Leaf Blight
Authors: Rosyara UR , Sharma RC , Shrestha SM , Duveiller E
Published: August 2018

Breeding for resistance to Helminthosporium leaf blight (HLB) caused by a complex of spot blotch (Cochliobolus sativus) and tan spot (Pyerenophora tritici-repentis Died) of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is difficult due to complex nature of resistance, and high influence of environment. This study was conducted to examine whether genotypes having variation in level of resistance and tolerance differ in compensation to loss of leaves. Five spring wheat genotypes with different levels of resistance and tolerance to HLB were grown under irrigated field conditions in randomized complete block design during 2001-2002 and 2002- 2003 wheat-growing season at Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal. Defoliation treatments consist of removal of flag (F), penultimate (F-1), and both F and F-1 leaves were done one day after anthesis. Results showed that defoliation had significant effects on grain yield, biomass yield, thousand-kernel weight (TKW) but not on harvest index, number of grains per spike, kernel per spikelet, and spikelets per spike. All genotypes included in this study showed some degree of compensation for loss of F, F-1, and both F and F-1 leaves, which was found to be variable between years. Removal of flag leaf was compensated by the resistant genotype NL750 for both grain yield and TKW but not for both F and F-1 leaves. Loss of both F and F-1 leaves was better compensated by BL 1473, a stably tolerant genotype in both years. For other genotypes sensitivity to defoliation was found as variable as tolerance to HLB.

Key words: Spot blotch, tan spot, defoliation, compensation, flag leaf removal, penultimate leaf removal

J. Inst. Agric. Anim. Sci. 26:43-50 (2005)
Effect of Different Combinations of Nutrient Sources and Weeding Practice on the Physiological Characters of Rapeseed in Humid Subtropical Condition of Chitwan
Authors: Basnet KB
Published: August 2018

A field experiment was conducted during the winter season of 2001-2002 at Mangalpur, Chitwan, Nepal to evaluate the performance of rapeseed in different agronomic management practices. The experiment was conducted with 16 treatments in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The treatments included control without input and four agronomic inputs (NPK, FYM, micronutrient- Zn, B and S and weeding), six and four combinations of two and three inputs respectively and a full package with all inputs. Application of NPK fertilizers increased leaf area and total dry matter per plant significantly as compared to control and weeding practice at 55 and 40 DAS, respectively. Further, in two factor combinations, significantly higher leaf area and particularly total dry matter per plant was produced by the application of NPK fertilizers with FYM at all stages (25 to 85 DAS) of growth and development. Finally, exclusion of NPK fertilizers in the combination of three agronomic inputs significantly lowered leaf area and total dry matter per plant as compared to others which included it at 40 and 70 DAS. All above mentioned trends were reflected on rapeseed yield indicating its significant correlation with leaf area (r=0.971) and total dry matter per plant (r=0.976). In general, addition of NPK fertilizers to other combinations of agronomic inputs increased leaf area and total dry matter per plant significantly.

Key words: Leaf area, dry matter, agronomic inputs, yield

J. Inst. Agric. Anim. Sci. 26:51-55 (2005)
Single Stem Cultivation and Performance of Cucumber Cultivars During Winter-Spring Seasons
Authors: Subedi PP , Sharma MD
Published: August 2018

This experiment was conducted to assess the response of three cucumber cultivars Bhaktapur Local, Japanese Green and Korean White to single stem cultivation in randomized block design with six replications. The experiment was conducted in Yampaphant (450 m asl) during December 2001 to April 2002. The cv. Bhaktapur Local produced significantly higher number of male flowers (32/m2), while the Korean White produced significantly higher number of female flowers (37.5/m2) and a very few number of male flowers. The cv. Korean White produced significantly higher number of marketable fruits (20/m2) and higher marketable yield (48.2 t/ha) followed by Japanese Green (45.7 t/ha). The cv. Bhaktapur Local produced the lowest marketable yield (33.3 t/ha). Hence single stem cultivation performed well in winter-spring season.

Key words: Cucumber cultivars, single stem cultivation, late winter-spring

J. Inst. Agric. Anim. Sci. 26: 149-151 (2005)
Effect of Different Doses of Nitrogen and Phosphorus on The Corm and Cormel Development of Gladiolus (Gladiolus sp.) cv. American Beauty
Authors: Pant SS
Published: August 2018

A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different doses of nitrogen and phosphorus on the development of corm and cormel of gladiolus at the Horticulture Farm, IAAS, Rampur in 2002. Diameter, thickness and weight of the corms, and cormels were measured after 150 days of planting and the effect of nitrogen and phosphorous fertilizers was assessed. The nitrogen dose of 50 kg/ha produced the highest corm yield (17.71 g/plant), where as higher dose of nitrogen (100 and 150 kg/ha) fertilizer produced the lowest cormel yield. Variable doses of phosphorous did not produce any significant effect on corm diameter and corm thickness but it produced a significant effect on corm height and cormel yield per plant. Higher doses of phosphorous fertilizer (50 and 100 kg/ha) produced the highest yield as compared to the control. It appears that corm and cormel respond better to the higher doses of phosphorous fertilizer compared to the nitrogenous fertilizer. A significant interaction effect was observed on cormel weight. The phosphorous at 100 kg/ha and nitrogen at 0 kg/ha produced the highest cormel yield (25 g/plant), whereas nitrogen at 150 kg/ha and phosphorous at 0 kg/ha produced the lowest cormel yield (1.95 g/plant). The interaction effect suggests that cormel yield responds better to the higher level of phosphorous combined with lower level of nitrogen.

Key words: Nitrogen, phosphorous, corm, cormel, gladiolus

J. Inst. Agric. Anim. Sci. 26: 153-157 (2005)
Foraging Preference of Apis cerana F. and Apis mellifera L. to Broccoli under Caged and Open Conditions in Chitwan
Authors: Devkota FR , Thapa RB
Published: August 2018

A study was conducted to evaluate foraging behavior of Apis cerana F. and A. mellifera L. in broccoli blooms under caged and open conditions in Chitwan, Nepal during 1999-2000. The study showed that both the bee species preferred open plot for foraging and A. cerana F. foraged significantly (P < 0.05) higher number of broccoli flowers (an average of 11.39 and 12.11 flowers per minute) as compared to A. mellifera L. (an average of 9.03 and 10.89 flowers per minute) under caged and open conditions, respectively. The number of bees foraging per plant was not significantly different, showing broccoli bloom equally preferable to both honeybee species.

Key words: Apis cerana F., A. mellifera L., foraging, broccoli blooms, open and caged plots

J. Inst. Agric. Anim. Sci. 26:167-168 (2005)
Influence of Spring Season Crop Residue on Productivity of Rice-Wheat Cropping System
Authors: Devkota KP , Yadav DN , Chaudhary NK , Dangol DR , Basnet KB
Published: August 2018

A field experiment was conducted to determine the effect of cultivation and plant residue incorporation of blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper], mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek], cowpea (Vigna sinensis L.), maize (Zea mays L.) and maize+blackgram on response of rice to two levels (0 and 90 kg ha-1) of nitrogen and their residual effects on nitrogen management of subsequent wheat crop. The experiment was carried out in Randomized Complete Block design in spring, Split Plot design in rainy, and Split-Split plot design in winter seasons of 2000 at Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science (IAAS), Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal. Results showed that cultivation and incorporation of different spring season crop’s (legume and cereal) residue into the soil did not significantly affect rice yield. Such trend was also observed on wheat grain yield when spring season crops were followed by rice in a sequential cropping system. Significantly higher (p<0.001) rice equivalent yield (6.56 t ha-1) and net profit (Rs. 46489 ha-1) were obtained under mungbean-rice sequence. Similarly, significantly higher (p<0.001) wheat equivalent yield (8.74 t ha-1) and net profit (Rs. 44811 ha-1) were obtained under mungbean-rice-wheat sequence. Significantly higher yield of rice was obtained under 90 kg N ha-1 compared to control and had significant residual effect of N on wheat grain yield. Nitrogen topdressed at crown root initiation (CRI) and panicle initiation (PI) stages did not influence significantly on the grain yield of wheat. Therefore, for the long term sustainability of rice-wheat cropping system, inclusion of mungbean in the spring (fallow) season could be considered promising practice.

Key words: Rice-wheat cropping system, sustainability, residue incorporation, nitrogen

J. Inst. Agric. Anim. Sci. 27:53-58 (2006)
Evaluation of Heat Tolerant Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) Genotypes in Western Terai of Nepal
Authors: Dahal KC , Sharma MD , Dhakal DD , Shakya SM
Published: August 2018

A field evaluation of thirteen chilli genotypes was conducted in ‘Randomized Complete Block Design’ with three replications to identify the most appropriate chilli genotypes at western terai of Nepal in spring summer of 2005. Ten heat resistant genotypes introduced from AVRDC, Taiwan to Nepal and three commercial cultivars of Nepal were planted at 50x30 cm spacing in paired row plot. All the management practices were carried out uniformly for all the treatments. Genotype CCA-119A was the earliest for 50% green fruit maturity. Fruit set percent varied significantly with the average of 18.81%. Fruit length, fruit diameter and ascorbic acid content also varied greatly. Ascorbic acid content (mg/100 g) ranged from 32.86 in CCA-984A to 173.7 in NS-1701. Wide variations were observed in yield potential of the genotypes ranging total fruit number per plant from 5.61 to 71 and in total fruit yield 7.97 to 95.33 q/ha. The genotype Mr. Lee No. 3 selex produced maximum marketable fresh fruit yield (90.69 q/ha) which was 234.5% higher than that of Jwala (check). Genotypes Susan’s Joy, CCA-119A and CCA-3288 had also 122.98, 49.06 and 25.48% higher marketable yield respectively than that of Jwala. Higher yield in genotypes Mr. Lee No. 3 selex and CCA-119A were found with better fruit set, better fruit size and more fruit number per plant while the genotype Susan’s Joy and CCA-3288 had higher yield mainly due to their predominantly larger fruit size. The genotypes with better fruit set and larger fruit size were more appropriate for the hot and dry condition of western terai of Nepal.

Key words: Temperature, capsicum, fruit set, fruit number, pepper, yield

J. Inst. Agric. Anim. Sci. 27:59-64 (2006)
Soil Management for Better Nutrition of Lowland Rice
Authors: Pandey KR
Published: August 2018

Some experiments were conducted in field conditions at Rampur, Nepal between 2001 and 2003 to assess the potential of wheat straw management with grain and green manure legumes in the lowland areas on soil N dynamics, crop yields and systems’ N balances. Two levels of wheat straw incorporation (0 and 2 Mg ha-1) with four types of land management (bare fallow control, mucuna, mungbean and maize) treatments were randomly allotted in the 10 m2 plots in the fields. When the land was left bare during the transition season, Nmin was initially building up of 50-80 kg of nitrate-N and subsequently lost by nitrate leaching and denitrification, resulting in low N uptake of rice. The application of wheat straw during DWT significantly reduced soil Nmin at the same rate as soil microbial biomass-N increased and resulted in <1 kg ha-1 of nitrate leaching and minimal nitrous oxide emissions from the soil. Growing cover crops during transition period reduced leaching losses by half and nitrous oxide emissions by two thirds of those in the bare fallow control, and BNF-N additions by legumes ranged from 27 to 56 kg ha-1. Depending on the type of legume, this resulted in increased crop N uptake and grain yield. The lower N benefits were associated with the grain legume because about 50% of the N assimilation was removed by grain harvest, while the high benefits were obtained with green manures. When DWT is sufficiently long, the cultivation of legumes appears economically and ecologically beneficial and should be encouraged. Combinations of straw amendment and green manure use during DWT provide the largest benefits in terms of grain yield, and N balance with possible long-term benefits for system’s productivity.

Key words: Soil, nutrient management, lowland rice

J. Inst. Agric. Anim. Sci. 27:139-147 (2006)
Influence of priming and nitrogen on growth behavior of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) in rainfed condition of midhill in Nepal
Authors: Gairhe J. J. , Bhusal T. N. , Neupane H.
Published: August 2018

An experiment was conducted during winter, 2010/11 at IAAS, Lamjung with the objective of studying effect of seed priming and nitrogen levels on yield and yield attributing characters of buckwheat. Altogether, there were 9 treatments of seed priming hours (0, 18 and 36) combined with nitrogen levels (30, 45 and 60 kg/ha). The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design and each treatment was replicated thrice. The seed priming of 36 hours had resulted in significantly higher germination percentage in both 15 days after sowing (DAS) (4.40%) and 30 (DAS) (5.74%) The total germination percentage was also significantly higher (48.4%) with 36 hr seed priming. The main and interaction effects of seed priming and nitrogen levels had significant influence on days to 50% flowering. The dry biomass per plant, grain yield, straw yield, harvest index and percentage moisture content of biomass at harvest were found non-significantly different due to seed priming and nitrogen levels. The highest value for dry matter accumulation per plant (5.24 gm/plant), straw yield (8706 kg/ha) and % moisture content (71.0%) was recorded with 36 hr seed priming whereas the highest value for grain yield (1599 kg/ha), and harvest index (19.8) was obtained with 18 hr seed priming. Likewise, dry matter accumulation (5.38 gm/plant), grain yield (1575 kg/ha) and harvest index (22.0) was found highest in 45 kg N/ha. Similarly, the straw yield (9153 kg/ha) and % moisture content (75.3%) was found highest in the treatment with 60 kg N/ha. The interaction effect between nitrogen level and priming was found non-significant and the highest grain yield (2091 kg/ha) was obtained from 18 hr seed priming with 45 kg N/ha. Phosphorus consumption rate was intrestingly higher in buckwheat plot with nitrogen application. Moderate consumption of potassium was also observed while nitrogen content in soil remain apparantly unchanged and similar was the case with soil pH and organic matter content. Application of phosphatic fertilizer would be benefitial for buckwheat cultivation. Further experiment should be done to verify the effective dose of fertilizer.Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science. Vol. 33-34, 2015, Page: 47-54
Selection of drought tolerant rice varieties for the western mid hills of Nepal
Authors: Adhikari B. B. , Mehera B. , Haefele S. M.
Published: August 2018

Rice (Oryza sativa L) is the most important staple food crop in Nepal, but current yields are low and total production varies, mostly due to drought. To evaluate high yielding and drought tolerant rice genotypes in typical rainfed lowland conditions, a participatory varietal selection trials was conducted with farmers in farmer’s field at Sundarbazar, Lamjung, Nepal during the wet season 2009 and 2010. Trials were laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with six replications. Results obtained from two years’ experiment indicated that the genotypes IR-74371-54-1 and IR74371-70-1 matured at the same duration as the local check Radha-4 (120-123 days growth duration). Both genotypes had a high average chlorophyll content (SPAD reading of 15.9-16.1), were medium tall (110-112 cm), non-lodging, had a high number of filled grains and little sterility, and a high grain yield (mean yield 5.0 and 4.8 t ha-1, respectively). They also had the highest root length (22.4-26.2 cm) and root weight (9.5-10 g hill-1) which could tolerate more drought than the other genotypes tested. The maximum cost/benefit ratio was found in IR-74371-54-1 (1:1.72) followed by IR-74371-70-1 (1:1.66) and IR-74371-46-1-1 (1:1.65). All three lines were highly preferred by farmers in preference rankings during field visits and were released in Nepal in 2011 as Sookhadhan-2, Sookhadhan-3 and Sookhadhan-1 varieties, respectively. They fit easily into the existing cropping system in rainfed lowlands, are economically viable and safe to cultivate for the farmers in the mid hills of Nepal.Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science.Vol. 33-34, 2015, page: 195-206
TENDERS THEORY FOR STIMULATION ECOLOGICAL-ORIENTED BUSINESS
Authors: Nikola S.O.
Published: August 2018

The article deals with the theoretical and methodological foundations for holding tenders in order to stimulate the environmentally oriented business. The essence of the state stimulating tender for the introduction of business, taking into account the ecological component, which should cover enterprises of different regions of Ukraine, is considered. The purpose of the tender is defined, which is to regulate the state organization of economic and environmental incentives for business entities, which should allocate funds for the implementation of environmental activities. The principles for the implementation of state tenders to stimulate environmental activities conducted by an environmentally-oriented business are: fair competition among participants; maximum savings and efficiency; openness and transparency at all stages; non-discrimination of participants; objective and unbiased evaluation of tender bids; preventing collusion, corruption and abuse. Depending on the way of carrying out state bidding, on stimulating enterprises of eco-oriented business, there are: open; open with prior qualification; trades with limited participation; two-stage bidding; request procedures for the amount of incentive financing. The terms of the tender, which are approved by the tender committee prior to announcement of the tender and are obligatory for its participants to be fulfilled, are determined. In examining, evaluating an application for participation in a tender, the Tender Committee has the right to demand additional economic and ecological information from the applicants, which characterizes the opportunity of renderers� to develop state-funded funds for environmental protection measures provided for in the tender documentation. The financing of the tender is carried out at the expense of state funds and funds of the applicants who wish to take part in the tender. The size of the payment for participation in the tender is determined by the working group and approved by the tender committee together with the estimate for the organization and holding of the tender. These funds are sent to a separate account of the tendered and are used for payment of press releases, premises rent, business trips, communications, development, coordination, reproduction, translation of documents, negotiations, conferences, etc.
Handover Bodies in a Feminist Frame
Authors: Marchetti Gina
Published: August 2018

Hong Kong women have been taking up the camera to explore the changing nature of their identity. Linking the depiction of the gendered body with the demand for women’s rights as sexual citizens, several directors have examined changing attitudes toward women’s sexuality. Yau Ching, for example, interrogates the issues of sex work, the internet, and lesbian desire in Ho Yuk: Let’s Love Hong Kong (2002). Barbara Wong’s documentary, Women’s Private Parts (2001), however, uses the televisual talking head interview and observational camera to highlight the way women view their bodies within contemporary Chinese culture. By examining the common ground shared by these very different films, a vision of women’s sexuality emerges that highlights Hong Kong women’s struggle for full sexual citizenship.
KAJIAN TEKS KITTA KANA-KANANNA ALLO RIBOKOWA SEBAGAI MEDIA SOSIALISASI AJARAN AGAMA PADA KOMUNITAS MUSLIM DI SULAWESI SELATAN
Authors: Kadir M Abdul
Published: August 2018

Penelitian ini merupakan kajian teks terhadap Kitta kana-kananna Alio Riboko yang bertujuan mengetahui bentuk dan isi
naskah, mengungkapkan nilai-nilai agama yang terkandung dalam naskah, bentuk sosialisasi nilai-nilai agama, dan mengetahui
persepsi masyarakat terhadap sosialiasi naskah tersebut. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Propinsi Sulawesi Selatan dengan
memilih tiga kabupaten sebagai lokasi penelitian, yaitu Kabupaten Gowa, Takalar, dan Jeneponto. Untuk memperoleh data
dalam penelitian ini, digunakan studi pustaka, wawancara dan observasi. Analisis naskah dilakukan terhadap naskah-naskah
yang dipilih sesuai cara kerja filologi, yaitu deskripsi naskah, transiliterasi dan terjemahan naskah, dan analisis isi naskah.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa naskah-naskah kuno masih banyak terpelihara di tengah-tengah masyarakat, variasi
bentuk naskah Kitta Kana-Kananna Alio Ribokowa cukup banyak meskipun isinya pada dasarnya tetap sama, yaitu tentang
Nur Muhammad, penciptaan Adam, kematian, kiamat, Neraka, dan Surga. Nilai-nilai agama yang terkandung dalam
naskah adalah tentang keimanan, terutama tentang kematian dan hari akhirat, ancaman siksa Neraka dan janji kenikmatan
Surga mendorong penciptaan kehidupan yang baik di dunia. Naskah ini masih relevan disosialisasikan dalam kehidupan
masyarakat. Bentuk sosialisasi naskah dilakukan dalam bentuk penyalinan, peminjaman, pembacaan,
EKSISTENSI MUATAN LOKAL DALAM KURIKULUM LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN AGAMA DAN PENDIDIKAN KEAGAMAAN DI SULAWESI BARAT
Authors: Sofyan Sofyan
Published: August 2018

Kurikulum adalah aspek penting dalam penyelenggaraan pembelajaran di lembaga pendidikan. Salah satu komponennya
adalah muatan lokal. Substansinya adalah aspek-aspek spesifik yang berkaitan lingkungan, sosial, budaya, dan atau tradisi
lokal. Aspek spesifik tersebut bekum diakomodir secara selektif dalam kurikulum madrasah diniyah dan pondok pesantren.
pengakomodiran muatan lokal dalam kurikulum sebagai wadah pengakraban siswa dengan unsur lokalitasnya belum
terjembatani secara memadai oleh madrasah aliyah dan pondok pesantren. tulisan ini dimaksudkan sebagai penguatan aspek
spesifik lokal dalam penyusunan kurikulum muatan lokal.
TRADISI TULIS MASYARAKAT MALUKU UTARA
Authors: Asád Muhammad
Published: August 2018

Propinsi Maluku Utara yang dikenal dengan Moloku Kie Raha sejak abad ke-13 sudah bersentuhan
dengan Islam yang selanjutnya memunculkan empat kerajaan Islam (kesultanan) terkenal, yaitu: Ternate,
Tidore, Bacan, dan Jailolo. Pelembagaan Islam pada berbagai kerajaan tersebut mewariskan naskahnaskah
kuno sebagai tinggalan budaya tulis .yang mengindikasikan ketinggian budaya masyarakatnya.
Naskah-naskah kuno keagamaan Islam yang bervariasi masih banyak dipelihara oleh masyarakattdan
terkadang ada yang disakralkan, seperti yang diketemukan pada masyarakat Tidore
MENAKAR INTEGRITAS ANAK SERIBU PULAU DI MALUKU UTARA
Authors: Marannu Baso
Published: August 2018

Penelitian integritas peserta didik merupakan program Nasional dari Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pendidikan Agama Badan Litbang dan Diklat Kementerian Agama, Penelitian ini dipicu dengan banyaknya kasus-kasus yang bermunculan saat ini mulai dari maraknya tawuran antar sekolah, merebaknya penggunaan narkoba dikalangan pelajar, berkembangannya pergaulan bebas. Selain itu banyak sekolah yang kurang memperhatikan perkembangan perilaku peserta didik terkait kejujuran akademik, contek menyontek saat ujian, konsisten dengan apa yang dikatakan, tanggung jawab terhadap tugas, dan membangun relasi dalam kehidupan keagamaan. Metode yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan pendekatan survey, dilaksanakan di 34 provinsi dengan jumlah sampel 1158 sekolah dengan rincian 708 Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) di 164 kabupaten/kota dan 450 Madrasah Aliyah (MA) di 133 kabupaten/kota, khusus di Provinsi Maluku Utara sekolah yang dijadikan sampel sebanyak 14 sekolah yang diwakili masing-masing 10 peserta didik, sehingga jumlah sebanyak 140 peserta didik. Dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif dari empat variable yang telah ditetapkan yakni (1) Kejujuran, (2) Tanggungjawab, (3) Toleransi dan (4) Cinta Tanah Air. Pengukuran kejujuran Secara keseluruhan rata-rata persentasi kejujuran yang ditemukan pada responden masih rendah yakni 55%. Dimensi tanggungjawab, hasilnya masih rendah yakni 62%. Dimensi toleransi, rata-rata memberikan sikap integitas yang tinggi yakni 83% atau tinggi dan Dimensi cinta tanah air, sebesar 93% atau sangat tinggi
Content validity and reliability of a food frequency questionnaire to measure eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid intakes in young adults: A pilot study
Authors: Hanson Jennifer A. , Rosenkranz Richard R. , Holcomb Carol Ann , Haub Mark D.
Published: August 2018

Background: The food environment is rapidly changing with regard to omega-3 fatty acids. Research is hindered by the lack of a tool specifically designed to measure intakes of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids in US populations. The purpose of this pilot study was to assess the content validity and reliability of a novel 14-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) designed to measure contemporary sources of eicosapentaenoic aid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).Methods: During May of 2009, college students (n = 165) completed the FFQ and provided feedback. Forty-five completed the questionnaire a second time allowing for the evaluation of test-retest reliability.Results: None of the students reported consuming a food naturally rich in EPA and DHA that was not included in the FFQ. Overall instrument reliability (n = 54) was strong (ρ = 0.86, p < 0.001) and the reliability for each of the non-functional food items ranged from moderate to strong (ρ = 0.48 to 0.86, p < 0.001). Correlation coefficients for each of the functional food items were low and/or non-significant. Uncertainty regarding omega-3 functional foods was listed as a reason by eight of the twelve who felt one or more of the questions were difficult to answer. Conclusions: Overall instrument reliability was strong and content validity was good. Nonetheless, participant feedback, and the decreased test-retest coefficients for the omega-3 functional foods, suggests unfamiliarity may be problematic when measuring intakes from these food sources.Keywords: Functional foods, n-3 fatty acids, dietary assessment, seafood, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid
Glycemic Index values of some Jaffna fruits
Authors: Pirasath Selladurai , Thayananthan Kulasingam , Balakumar Sandrasekarampillai , Arasaratnam Vasanthy
Published: August 2018

Background: The incidence of diabetes mellitus has recently increased in developing countries. Scientific data on glycemic index values of common meals is essential to modify the diets for diabetes mellitus patients. This study aimed to evaluate the glycemic index (GI) values of fruits such as ‘Kathali’ (Yellow plantain), ‘Kappal’ (Golden plantain), and ‘Itharai’ (Green plantain) varieties of plantains, jack fruit and papaya. The results will be helpful to physicians and the general public to decide the benefits of the consumption of fruits, particularly by diabetic and coronary heart disease patients.Methods: Healthy volunteers (20 Nos.) of 21.05(±0.92) years, 53.90 (±9.36) kg body weights, 153.92 (±9.15) m heights, and 20.55 (±2.22) kgm-2 body mass indexes were selected with their written consent. After overnight fasting, 75g glucose and each test fruit containing 75g digestible carbohydrate were administered at different instances and blood glucose levels were measured half hourly for two hours. The glycemic response and GI values were calculated and analyzed by Randomized Complete Block Design using SAS analytical package.Results: The mean GI values of the ‘Kathali’, ‘Kappal’, ‘Itharai’ varieties of plantains, jack fruit and papaya were 54.45 (±9.26), 50.43 (±5.79), 48.47 (±10.13), 65.36 (±8.00) and 34.80 (±12.78) % respectively. The GI value of papaya differed significantly (P<0.05) from other fruits. The GI value of ‘Itharai’ variety of plantain differed significantly (P<0.05) from other fruits except the ‘Kappal’ variety of plantain.Conclusion: The three varieties of plantains and papaya were low GI fruits, and jack fruit was found to be an intermediate GI fruit. The presence of dietary fiber, esp. soluble fiber, reduces the glycemic response and glycemic index of foods. Keywords: Glycemic index, glycemic response, fiber, fruits.
Glycophospholipid Formulation with NADH and CoQ10 Significantly Reduces Intractable Fatigue in Western Blot-Positive ‘Chronic Lyme Disease’ Patients: Preliminary Report
Authors: Nicolson Garth L. , Settineri Robert , Ellithorpe Rita
Published: August 2018

Background: An open label 8-week preliminary study was conducted in a small number of patients to determine if a combination oral supplement containing a mixture of phosphoglycolipids, coenzyme Q10 and microencapsulated NADH and other nutrients could affect fatigue levels in long-term, Western blot-positive, multi-symptom ‘chronic Lyme disease’ patients (also called ‘post-treatment Lyme disease’ or ‘post Lyme syndrome’) with intractable fatigue. Methods: The subjects in this study were 6 males (mean age = 45.1 ± 12.4 years) and 10 females (mean age = 54.6 ± 7.4 years) with ‘chronic Lyme disease’ (determined by multiple symptoms and positive Western blot analysis) that had been symptomatic with chronic fatigue for an average of 12.7 ± 6.6 years. They had been seen by multiple physicians (13.3 ± 7.6) and had used many other remedies, supplements and drugs (14.4 ± 7.4) without fatigue relief. Fatigue was monitored at 0, 7, 30 and 60 days using a validated instrument, the Piper Fatigue Scale.Results: Patients in this preliminary study responded to the combination test supplement, showing a 26% reduction in overall fatigue by the end of the 8-week trial (p< 0.0003). Analysis of subcategories of fatigue indicated that there were significant improvements in the ability to complete tasks and activities as well as significant improvements in mood and cognitive abilities. Regression analysis of the data indicated that reductions in fatigue were consistent and occurred with a high degree of confidence (R2 = 0.998). Conclusions: The combination supplement was a safe and effective method to significantly reduce intractable fatigue in long-term patients with Western blot-positive ‘chronic Lyme disease.’Keywords: Lyme disease, Lipid Replacement Therapy, NT Factor, mitochondria, chronic fatigue, NADH, coenzyme Q10
Voluntary Ingestion of Natural Cocoa Extenuated Hepatic Damage in Rats with Experimentally Induced Chronic Alcoholic Toxicity
Authors: Sokpor Godwin , Addai Frederick Kwaku , Gyasi Richard Kwasi , Bugyei Kwasi Agyei , Ahenkorah John , Hottor Bismarck
Published: August 2018

Background: Chronic ethanol ingestion causes hepatic damage imputable to an increased oxidative stress engendered by alcoholic toxicity. Polyphenols in cocoa have antioxidant properties, and natural cocoa powder (NCP) contains the highest levels of total antioxidant capacity when compared to all other kinds of edible cocoa products. This study tested the hypothesis that dietary supplementation with NCP mitigates hepatic injury resulting from chronic ethanol consumption. Three groups of eight randomized Sprague-Dawley rats were fed standard rat food and treated daily for 12 weeks as follows: (i) the Ethanol-water group was given unrestricted access to 40% (v/v) ethanol for 12 hours (at night) followed by water for the remaining 12 hours (daytime), (ii) the Ethanol-cocoa group had similarly unrestricted access to 40% ethanol for 12 hours followed by 2% (w/v) NCP for 12 hours, and (iii) the control group was not given alcohol and had unrestricted access to only water which was synchronously replenished every 12 hours as it was for the ethanol treated animals.Results: Qualitative structural liver damage evidenced by hepatocyte cytoplasmic fatty accumulation, nuclear alterations, and disruption of general liver micro-architecture, was severe in the ethanol-water group when compared with the ethanol-cocoa group of rats. Design-based stereologic assessment yielded a significantly greater volume (Tukey’s HSD, p = 0.0005) of undamaged hepatocytes (9.61 ml, SD 2.18 ml) in the ethanol-cocoa group as opposed to the ethanol-water group of rats (2.34 ml, SD 1.21 ml). Control rats had 10.34 ml (SD 1.47 ml) of undamaged hepatocytes, and that was not significantly greater (Tukey’s HSD, p=0.659) than the value for the ethanol-cocoa group of rats. Relative to controls, therefore, histomorphometry showed 93% hepatocyte preservation from alcoholic injury in rats that voluntarily imbibed NCP suspension compared with 23% in animals that drank water.Conclusions: Ethanol-induced structural liver injury was qualitatively and quantitatively milder in rats which chronically imbibed alcohol then afterward drank NCP beverage in place of water. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of polyphenols in NCP are postulated in mitigating the damage of rat liver due to chronic ethanol consumption. Thus, it is suggested from these findings that regular drinking of NCP beverage may slow progression of alcoholic liver disease in dipsomaniacs.Key words: natural cocoa powder, chronic alcoholic toxicity, total antioxidant capacity, polyphenols
Therapeutic efficacy of Genistein-Cytoreg® combination in breast cancer cells
Authors: Johnson M. M. , Kumi-Diaka K. J. , Zoeller R. , Graves B. S. , Merchant K. T. , Hörmann V. P. , Hassanhi M.
Published: August 2018

Background: In spite the heavy investments in therapeutic research breast cancer still impacts the lives of women globally. The projected incidence of new cases of in situ breast cancer in the USA for 2011 is 57,650, with estimated 39,520 deaths. The phytoestrogen, genistein and the synthetic compound, Cytoreg® have been shown to inhibit growth and proliferation in many cancer cell lines. Purpose of the Study: In this study, we investigated the therapeutic efficacy of Cytoreg®-genistein combination on growth inhibition in the MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Method: MCF-7 cells were treated with genistein and Cytoreg® single and combination treatments for 24-48hrs; and post treatment chemosensitivity assessed, using: Trypan Blue exclusion and MTT assays for cell viability, Ethidium bromide/Acridine orange to assess apoptosis induction, and FAM Poly-Caspase binding assay for mechanism of action. Results: The overall data indicated dose- and time-dependent cell death in the MCF-cells and apoptosis as the major means of treatment-induced growth inhibition with all the treatment regimens. Conclusion: Comparatively, the genistein-Cytoreg® combination treatment was significantly more efficacious in growth inhibition in the MCF cells than either genistein or Cytoreg® alone. Genistein seems to act additively with Cytoreg® in combination treatment-induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells. The normal human breast epithelial cells were not significantly inhibited by either single or the combination treatments.Key words: Cytoreg®, Genistein, Combination treatment, MCF- cancer cells, apoptosis
Novel concepts on functional foods and nutrigenomics in healthy aging and chronic diseases: a review of fermented papaya preparation research progress
Authors: Marotta Francesco , Celep Gulcin Sagdicoglu , Cabeca Anna , Polimeni Ascanio
Published: August 2018

Functional foods are an emerging research field corresponding with genomical, epidemiological and clinical studies integrated with the food industry in accordance with the consumer demands. Consequently, the features of the functional foods are being discussed by various researchers and related institutions, and a common view has been pointed out about the availability and the nature of the components of functional foods. Recently, the outcomes of functional foods are being assessed by the help of all the available scientific tools. Genomic medicine is one of the most promising areas of research to reveal the benefits of functional foods and the bioactive ingredients. Nutrigenomics aims at studying the genetic and epigenetic interactions with a nutrient or the functional component in order to lead to a phenotype change and therefore to the cell metabolism, differentiation or even apoptosis. Papaya and its fermentation product are specific products derived from the technologically advanced and controlled environmental-friendly bio-fermentation process. It has been well known for a long time that the natural anti-oxidant properties of papaya, mainly depending on vitamins A and C in addition to certain amino acids, were consistent both in the fruit and derived from the papain enzyme which is no longer present in the fermented product. In this article, functional foods in genomic medicine are discussed in review of the fermented papaya preparation research progress. Clinical evidences about fermented papaya as a functional food are reported as supported by various research protocols and experimental models. The benefits of fermented papaya preparation are also discussed in nutrigenomic basis and it is reported to have an important antioxidant and transcriptomic potential which deserves further investigation. As a conclusion, fermented papaya preparation represents a Functional Food highly compliant with the novel features of the new nutrigenomic-driven action plan strategy aimed to reduce the incidences of diseases and successful integration within specific pharmacological treatments.Keywords: functional foods, fermented papaya preparation, nutrigenomics
An open-label, randomized clinical trial to assess the immunomodulatory activity of a novel oligosaccharide compound in healthy adults
Authors: Ali Karriem H. , Melillo Angelica B. , Leonard Susanna M. , Asthana Deshratn , Woolger Judi M. , Wolfson Aaron H. , McDaniel H. , Lewis John E.
Published: August 2018

Background: Rice Bran Arabinoxylan Compound (RBAC) is a nutritional supplement produced by enzymatic hydrolysis of hemicellulose B derived from rice bran. Several in vitro studies and clinical reports have shown RBAC to possess promising immunomodulating effects, specifically with respect to natural killer cell and cytokine activity. The concept of a true immunomodulator is an agent possessing a broad range of activity dependent upon the existing state of health and immunity in the individual host. The present study investigated the immunomodulatory effect of RBAC in a healthy adult human population over 60 days by assessing changes in natural killer cell cytotoxicity (NKCC) and cytokines and growth factors. Subjects participated in a two-group, randomized intervention, where one group (n=10) consumed 1 gram/day and the other (n=10) consumed 3 gram/day. Safety and tolerability of RBAC were assessed with total bilirubin, total protein, creatinine, and liver function tests.Results: We found that both groups had similar responses for NKCC, cytokines, and growth factors. The NKCC peaked at 1 week, whereas interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukins-1α, -1β, -8, and -10, and epidermal growth factor peaked at 30 days. All subjects tolerated the supplement without any adverse reactions.Conclusions: Our results showed transient, bi-directional, immune marker effects consistent with true, multifactorial immunomodulation rather than simply immunostimulation or immunosuppression. Given our findings, the immunomodulatory activity of RBAC merits study in conditions where the immune system is functionally compromised (e.g., otherwise-healthy smokers and HIV/AIDS or cancer patients). RBAC may not only help to destroy tumor cells and viruses directly, but also increase the activity of immune cells, thereby optimizing the immune system, especially NKCC, which can increase the chance and speed of host recovery.Keywords: Rice bran, arabinoxylan compound, activity of immune cells, immunomodulation, HIV/AIDS, and cancer
A randomized, controlled trial to assess short-term black pepper consumption on 24-hour energy expenditure and substrate utilization
Authors: O’Connor Annalouise , Corbin Karen D. , Nieman David C. , Swick Andrew G.
Published: August 2018

Background: Thermogenic ingredients may play a role in weight management. In vitro and rodent work suggests that components of black pepper may impact energy expenditure, and in humans, other TPRV1 agonists e.g. capsaicin, augment EE. Objectives: To determine the impact of BP on 24-hour EE, respiratory quotient, and biochemical markers of metabolism and satiety, a randomized, controlled, cross-over study of black pepper (0.5mg/meal) versus no pepper control was conducted in post-menopausal women. Subjects spent two 24-hour periods in a whole room indirect calorimeter. Results: Post-meal glucose, insulin, gut peptides and catecholamines were measured. Energy expenditure, respiratory quotient, or biochemical markers assessed did not differ significantly between the black pepper and no pepper control study days. Conclusions: Our findings do not support a role for black pepper in modulating energy expenditure in overweight postmenopausal women. Future work targeting alternative populations, administering black pepper in the fasted state, or in combination with other spices, may reveal the thermogenic effect of this spice.Trial registration: This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01729143).Key words: Black pepper, piperine, energy expenditure, metabolic chamber