bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Obez Çocuk ve Adölesanlarda Tiroid Fonksiyonlarının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: UNAL Edip , TAŞ Funda Feryal , KAYA Mustafa Mesut , YILDIRIM Ruken , AKTAR Fesih , HASPOLAT Yusuf Kenan
Published: June 2019

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, obez çocuk ve adölesanlarda tiroid fonksiyonları ile metabolik ve antropometrik parametreler arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntemler: Çalışmaya pediatrik endokrinoloji polikliniğinde eksojen obezite tanısı konulan 147 hasta ile benzer yaş ve cinsiyette 46 sağlıklı birey alındı. Obez hastalar Grup 1 (karaciğerde yağlanma olmayan) ve Grup 2 (karaciğerde yağlanma olan) olarak iki gruba ayrıldı. Hasta ve kontrol grubundaki (Grup 3) tüm vakalardan açlık glukoz, insülin, total kolesterol, trigliserid, aspartat aminotransferaz, alanin aminotransferaz, tiroid uyarıcı hormon (TSH), serbest triiyodotironin (fT3) ve serbest tiroksin (fT4) için örnek alındı. İnsülin direnci HOMA-IR (Homeostatic Model Assesment for Insulin Resistance) ile değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Grup 2’de bel çevresi (BÇ), beden kitle indeksi - standart deviasyon skorları (SDS), kalça çevresi (KÇ), BÇ/KÇ oranı ile trigliserid, açlık insülin ve HOMA-IR değerleri Grup 1 ve Grup 3’e göre anlamlı derecede yüksek iken yüksek dansiteli lipoprotein kolesterol düzeyi daha düşük idi.  Obezitesi olan gruplarda (karaciğerde yağlanma olan ve olmayan) fT4 düzeyi kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı düzeyde düşük iken fT3/fT4 oranı daha yüksek idi. Ortalama TSH düzeyi Grup 2’de Grup 3’e göre daha yüksek saptandı. fT3/fT4 oranı; BÇ, BÇ/KÇ oranı, açlık insülin ve HOMA-IR ile pozitif korelasyon göstermekteydi. Sonuç: Obez çocuklarda fT4 düzeyinin düşük olduğu, fT3/fT4 oranının ise daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Obez çocuklarda yüksek fT3/fT4 oranının saptanması durumunda bu oranın BÇ ve insülin direnci ile pozitif korelasyon gösterdiği düşünülerek visseral yağ dokusuyla ilişkili komplikasyonlar konusunda klinisyen için uyarıcı olmalıdır. 
Fetal Anomalilerde Beta-2 Mikroglobulin Düzeyleri ve Pre·Postnatal Ultrasonografi ile Tanı ve Takip
Authors: BASUGUY Erol , ÖNEN Abdurrahman , YALINKAYA Ahmet , YAYLA Murat
Published: June 2019

Amaç: Son yıllarda fetal anomalilerin prenatal tanı ve takibinde önemli ilerlemeler olmuştur . Çalışmamızda, fetal anomalilerin tanı ve takibinde ultrasonografi ve serum beta-2 mikroglobulin düzeyinin rolünü araştırdık. Yöntemler: Fetal anomali nedeniyle hastanemizde takip edilen 29 olgu çalışmaya alındı. Gebelere önce ultrasonografi yapıldı. Daha sonra, kordosentez ile fetal kan alınarak beta-2 mikroglobulin düzeyi ölçüldü. Karyotip tayini yapıldı. Postnatal fizik muayene ve ultrasonografi sonuçları ve bazı olgularda postnatal beta-2 mikroglobulin düzeyleri olguların antenatal tanıları ve serum beta-2 mikroglobulin düzeyleri ile karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular : Fetal anomalisi olan toplam 29 olgu prospektif olarak değerlendirildi. En çok multisistem anomalisi ve daha az sıklıkta üriner sistem, santral sinir sistemi ve gastrointestinal sistem anomalileri gözlendi. Fetal serum beta-2 mikroglobulin düzeyi olguların %76,5'inde 3 mg/dl'nin üzerinde tespit edildi. Postnatal ultrasonografi ve fizik muayenede olguların 8'inde herhangi bir anomaliye rastlanmadı. Kordosentez yöntemi ile alınan fetal kanda bakılan karyotiplemede 4 (%14) fetusta kromozomal anomali saptandı. Kromozomal anomalili fetusların %50'sinin anne yaşı 35 yılın üzerinde idi. Sonuçlar: Çalışmamızda, antenatal ultrasonografinin fetal anomalileri saptamadaki duyarlılığı %72 idi. Fetal serum beta-2 düzeyi fetal anomalili olguların %76'sında yüksek saptandı. Sonuç olarak, gebelikte belirli aralıklarla prenatal ultrasonografik incelemenin ve anomalili veya anomali şüphesi olan olgularda serum fetal beta-2 mikroglobulin düzeyinin ölçümü prenatal tanı ve takipte faydalı olabilir. Ancak, serum beta-2 mikroglobulin düzeyinin daha homojen bir anomali grubunda çalışılması daha objektif sonuçlar verecektir. 
The releationship between serum levels of gamma glutamyl transferase, mean thrombocyte volume, red blood cell distribution width, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio with prognose and mortality in patients admitted emergency department with acute ischemic stroke
Authors: GÖRMELİ KURT Nazlı , GÜLOĞLU Cahfer , TAMAM Yusuf , ÜSTÜNDAĞ Mehmet , ORAK Murat
Published: June 2019

Objective: In our study, we aimed at determining the levels of Gamma Glutamyl Transferase (GGT), Mean PlateletVolume (MPV), Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW), Neutrophile/Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), as well as severity ofischemic stroke and prognosis comparison, including the instructive parameters in ischemic stroke treatment, for thepatients with ischemic stroke diagnosis.Methods: This retrospective study was carried put with 473 patients diagnosed with ischemic stroke.40 healthyindividuals that meet the requirements with respect to gender and age criteria were included in the study as thecontrol group. The NLR, RDW, MPV, GGT values checked when the cases applied were analyzed with regards to theirrelation with mortality.Results: The mean GGT, MPV, RDW, NLR values within the patient group were identified to be significantly high withregards to statistical aspect, compared to the control group. GGT, MPV, RDW, NLR values in all the groups were foundto be higher than the control group in line with TOAST and OCSP classifications. Along with the increasing NIHSS anddecreasing GKS values, an increase was detected in GGT, MPV, RDW, NLR values. GGT, MPV, RDW and NLR valueswere significantly higher in the patients who lost their lives compared to the surviving patients, with regards tostatistical aspect.Conclusion: We are of opinion that the prognosis and mortality prediction can be performed in patients with ischemicstroke, thanks to GGT, MPV, RDW, NLR values that are easy to Access and inexpensive blood parameters.
Transformações na instância da recepção: a construção do leitor coprodutor em redes sociais digitais
Authors: Sanchotene Carlos
Published: June 2019

Objetivamos compreender a construção do leitor coprodutor no contexto do jornalismo em redes sociais digitais. Para tanto, faremos uma retomada sobre a problemática da recepção para situarmos a transformação da posição do sujeito-receptor. A partir da percepção de que os receptores são ativos, a análise sobre a circulação passa a ser vista como o espaço do reconhecimento e de maiores possibilidades de ocorrência interacional, na prática social e de descobertas na investigação. Veremos como o avanço da tecnologia foi significativo para esse processo identificando distintos tipos de leitores. Por fim, concluímos que as redes sociais digitais possibilitaram a democratização das competências desses leitores que manejam com desenvoltura linguagens hipertextuais reconfigurando atos de leitura.
Lei nº 11.638/07 e as dificuldades enfrentadas pelas cooperativas agropecuárias da região oeste do Paraná
Authors: Koike Ana Luiza , Meira Rosane De , Rovaris Nicole Regina Souza , Sandri Emanuel Campigotto
Published: June 2019

The main objective of this study was to identify the greatest difficulties and facilities of agricultural cooperatives in the western region of the state of Paraná when implementing Law 11,638 / 07. Regarding the objectives, the study is characterized by a descriptive research, regarding the procedures a field research and the approach to the problem, a qualitative research. The data collection instrument used in the survey was the questionnaire, where 4 (four) cooperative accountants answered questions about Law 11,638 / 07 and their applicability to cooperativism, which were applied between September 30 and October 8. The study made it possible to verify that Cooperatives do not fully agree on the internationalization of Brazilian standards, but that both believe that most of the requirements brought by law are important for the accounting sector of cooperatives. They differ as to the importance of Law No. 11,638 / 07 for cooperativism, since half the accountants believe that it was of great importance and the other half, which did not affect cooperativism. It is concluded that the implementation of Law 11,638 / 07 was considered an activity not very complex for the professionals of the accounting sector of the agricultural cooperatives of western Paraná.
Representações sociais de trabalhadores da atenção basica acerca do teste rápido
Authors: Suto Cleuma Sueli Santos , Porcino Carle Alberto , Almeida José Andrade , Silva Dejeane de Oliveira , Oliveira Daiane Santos , Teles Maria Virgínia Almeida de Oliveira
Published: June 2019

Objetivo: analizar el contenido y la estructura de las representaciones sociales de profesionales de salud sobre la prueba rápida para detectar infecciones de transmisión sexual en un municipio de Bahía. Método: investigación cualitativa basada en la teoría de las representaciones sociales, en su enfoque estructural, realizado en 12 unidades básicas de salud. Participaron 37 trabajadores de salud de nivel superior. La recogida de datos fue realizada por medio de un cuestionario con preguntas sobre la caracterización profesional y la expresión inductora prueba rápida. El corpus fue organizado y procesado con ayuda del software Ensemble de programm espermettant lanalyse des evocations. Resultados: los posibles elementos constituyentes del núcleo central de la representación de dichos trabajadores, en orden directo, fueron representados por el término VIH y, en sustitución, por miedo, VIH, enfermedades y agilidad. Los sentidos atribuidos a la prueba rápida, revelados en el núcleo central, muestran discrepancia - considerando el orden directo y la sustitución - entre las representaciones y, en cierta medida, las caracterizan como representaciones distintas.
Violência em mulheres com diagnóstico de depressão
Authors: Frazão Maria Cristina Lins de Oliveira , Pimenta Cláudia Jeane Lopes , Lima Raquel Janyne de , Valdevino Stella Costa , Silva Cleane Rosa Ribeiro da , Costa Kátia Neyla de Freitas Macedo
Published: June 2019

Objetivo: entender la relación entre la depresión y el historial de violencia contra las mujeres. Método: estudio exploratorio descriptivo, de enfoque cualitativo, realizado entre los meses de enero y abril de 2017, con mujeres con diagnóstico de depresión, en seguimiento en un centro de Atención Integral de Salud en la ciudad de joão Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil. Los datos fueron recogidos por medio de entrevistas, con un cuestionario semiestructurado. Las charlas fueron procesadas por el software IRaMuTeQ y analizadas por medio de la técnica de análisis de contenido, buscando identificar los temas de mayor importancia para la problemática investigada. Resultados y discusión: entre las participantes, 29 tenían historia de violencia y la mayor parte de las agresiones había partido de sus compañeros íntimos. Se observó que las palabras más mencionadas por las mujeres eran: no, miedo, marido, sufrimiento, golpear, recibir golpes, violencia y problema. Conclusión: por las charlas de las mujeres se dedujo que existe una fuerte relación entre la depresión y el historial de violencia en las mujeres. Se constató que las mujeres entrevistadas habían sufrido agresiones desde su infancia hasta la vida adulta, que tenían relación con el fenómeno de la transgeracionalidad y que afectaban directamente su salud mental.
Fragilidade física e características clínicas de idosos submetidos aos exames de aptidão física e mental para habilitação veicular
Authors: Lenardt Maria Helena , Garcia Ana Carolina Kozlowski Cordeiro , Binotto Maria Angélica , Mello Bruno Henrique de , Carneiro Nathalia Hammerschmidt Kolb , Lourenço Tânia Maria
Published: June 2019

Objetivo: estudio transversal con el objetivo de analizar la asociación entre la condición de fragilidad física y las características clínicas de las personas mayores obligadas a realizar las pruebas de aptitud física y mental para conducir vehículos automotores. Método: el estudio fue realizado en 11 clínicas de tránsito entre agosto de 2015 y marzo de 2017. Resultados y discusión: la muestra estaba compuesta de 347 adultos mayores (≥ 60 anos). El 1,5% era considerado frágil, 46,8% pre-frágil y un 51,7% no frágil. Sobre las características clínicas 67,4% tenía alguna enfermedad, 66,6% usaba alguna medicación, 4,9% usaba cinco o más medicamentos, 21,6% ingería bebidas alcohólicas, 9,8% fumaba, 9,2% había tenido alguna caída (s) y 9,8% había estado hospitalizado. No hubo asociación significativa entre las características clínicas y la condición de fragilidad física de las personas mayores. La condición de pre-fragilidad obtuvo un porcentaje alto, lo cual refuerza la necesidad de rastrear la fragilidad física de los adultos mayores en las clínicas de tránsito. Conclusión: el estudio es inédito en el campo de la enfermería y los resultados suministran datos para otros estudios que buscan un tránsito más seguro.
Percepção de competências clínicas por acadêmicos de enfermagem
Authors: Rocha Evelyn Nunes da , Mantovani Maria de Fátima , Silva Ângela Taís Mattei da , Hereibi Mireille Janczyk , Viante Wendy Julia Mariano , Kwiatkoski Daniele Ritter
Published: June 2019

Objetivo: comparar la percepción de las competencias clínicas de los estudiantes de Enfermería al principio y al final de las pasantías supervisadas del último semestre del curso de grado. Método: se trata de un estudio descriptivo longitudinal, con enfoque cuantitativo realizado en las instalaciones del curso de Enfermería de una universidad pública. Participaron 17 académicos del último semestre del curso de grado en Enfermería. La recogida de datos fue realizada entre febrero y junio de 2017, en dos momentos, al principio y al término del semestre lectivo, mediante aplicación del cuestionario de competencias clínicas traducido y adaptado transculturalmente, que cuenta con 48 preguntas divididas en dos dominios: comportamientos profesionales de enfermería y competencias/habilidades. Resultados: las participantes eran de sexo femenino, con edad promedio de 26,2 años e ingresadas en la facultad entre 2012 y 2013. Hubo significancia estadística cuando se compararon la percepción de competencias antes y después de la pasantía en ambos dominios (p<0,01). Conclusión: los discentes percibieron mejora en las competencias clínicas y, al final de la pasantía, afirmaron ser capaces y tener habilidades para realizar actividades solos o con algún tipo de supervisión.
EU macro-regional strategies for the Baltic Sea Region after 2020. A nutshell of beauty and possibilities
Authors: Zaucha Jacek , Böhme Kai , Pyć Dorota , Neumann Lilia , Dominik Aziewicz
Published: June 2019

The European Union Strategy for the Baltic Sea Region, that celebrates this year in Gdańsk its tenth anniversary, has been considered by many scholars and the decision makers as the model example of the soft governance that has gained in importance in the enlarged European Union (EU). The paper analyses the achievements and shortcomings of the Strategy from economic perspective with focus on externalities, public goods (also club goods, common-pool resources), economies of scale and scope and transaction costs. Two cases: Single Market for services and innovation spillovers are discussed more in depth. The analysis of these challenges and opportunities as well as the performance of the Strategy in the past and comparative analysis of its various evaluations allow authors to formulate several assumptions that should save the Strategy for the future. Their essence is related to mainstreaming of the Strategy into the EU and national policies (ensuring its stronger policy impact), strengthening strategic, visionary approach of the Strategy (e.g. facilitating large Baltic projects), better alignment with the business sector activities (understanding and addressing this sector expectations towards macro-regional co-operation) and acknowledgement of macro-regional solidarity as a foundation of the common efforts. Without all these, the Strategy might follow the case of the Baltic Development Forum that ceased to exist despite its evident positive effects for the entire region. Soft governance is difficult but promising as an alternative to the overgrowing sentiments towards centralisation. Thus, to avoid the impression of the “Titanic ball” Gdańsk celebrations should provide a new start instead of the business as usual and manifestation of shallow self-satisfaction.
Le tourisme comme
expérience sensible
Authors: Liu Bule , Gwiazdzinski Luc , Hu Wenbo
Published: June 2019

Le développement du tourisme oblige les acteurs et les
territoires à s’adapter à la demande et aux besoins des visiteurs originaires de
différents pays et cultures. Cette exigence interculturelle passe notamment par
une connaissance plus fine des pratiques, des perceptions et des ressentis des
touristes étrangers et notamment des touristes chinois, dont le nombre est en
forte augmentation en France, en Europe et dans le monde. L’article propose une
approche exploratoire des représentations associées à ces pratiques en France
par l’exploitation des commentaires et des images postés sur le réseau social
Sina Microblog (Weibo) par des touristes chinois en visite dans la ville
d’Avignon à l’été 2016 et aboutit notamment à une première typologie des
ressentis. Le protocole d’analyse des pratiques touristiques développé pour cet
exemple permet d’appréhender le niveau de satisfaction des touristes, d’analyser
ce qui forge leur comportement complexe à partir de leur ressenti sur place, de
mieux caractériser l’expérience touristique au sens large et d’imaginer une
modélisation. D’un point de vue plus opérationnel, la démarche permet
d’envisager une amélioration du dialogue entre les opérateurs touristiques et
les usagers finaux, une adaptation plus fine de l’offre et de la demande, une
amélioration du bien-être des touristes et un renforcement de l’attractivité des
territoires.
A Place Called Bowles’s
Authors: St-Denis Guy
Published: June 2019

General Henry Procter’s ignominious retreat at the Battle of Moraviantown in 1813 ruined his reputation. At his court martial, a number of pioneer place names were identified as milestones in his retreat, including a homestead called Bowles’s an important depot for the British where two schooners were scuttled to prevent the Americans from advancing up the Thames River by boat. This article uses evidence from a variety of original sources to determine the most likely location of Bowles’s homestead and, perhaps, two historic shipwrecks from the War of 1812.
Major John Richardson
Authors: Finlayson Alan James
Published: June 2019

Major John Richardson has been recognized as “the father” of Canadian literature as well an early historian of the War of 1812 but his writings, rich in detail and highly autobiographical, have not been sufficiently appreciated by historians as valuable historical source materials. Yet they provide accurate portrayals of contemporary Upper Canadian perceptions and attitudes similar to those found in the writings of the more popular Brock, Strachan, Mackenzie, Robinson, Baldwin, and Ryerson. Richardson also deserves greater recognition for his role as a Canadian patriot and nationalist. Despite living abroad, he consistently proclaimed himself “a Canadian”, and hoped, through his works, to “infuse” into the Canadian community “a spirit of National literature.” His writings reflect the pride and emerging Canadian national spirit and as such merit greater attention by historians.
Nouvelles mentions de trois espèces de Cleridae (Coleoptera) pour le Québec
Authors: Lebel Michel , Dumont Stéphane , Racine Michel
Published: June 2019

Les auteurs rapportent la présence au Québec de trois espèces de Cleridae (Coleoptera) jusqu’ici non répertoriées pour cette province :Enoclerus ichneumoneus(Fabricius, 1777) (sous-famille : Clerinae Latreille, 1802),Monophylla terminata(Say, 1835) (sous-famille : Tillinae Fischer von Waldheim, 1813) etPyticeroides laticornis(Say, 1835) (sous-famille : Korynetinae Laporte, 1836). Ils incluent aussi les données de capture ainsi que des informations provenant de la littérature sur leur répartition géographique et leur biologie.
La forêt boréale du Québec : influence du gradient longitudinal
Authors: Couillard Pierre-Luc , Payette Serge , Lavoie Martin , Laflamme Jason
Published: June 2019

Nous avons documenté les caractéristiques physiographiques, climatiques et écologiques du domaine bioclimatique de la pessière noire à mousses le long d’un transect longitudinal de 1 000 km, de l’Abitibi à la Basse-Côte-Nord. Dans la portion ouest du domaine, le climat continental et plus sec favorise les feux. Les pessières à épinette noire et celles à épinette noire et à pin gris constituent les peuplements dominants. Les pessières à épinette noire et sapin baumier augmentent en importance dans la portion centrale du domaine, tandis que sur la Côte-Nord, les feux moins fréquents et le climat plus humide favorisent les sapinières perturbées par les épidémies d’insectes. C’est dans cette région que la proportion de forêts âgées de plus de 100 ans est la plus élevée. Les pessières à lichens et les lichénaies sont aussi plus abondantes à l’est de Sept-Îles. L’ampleur des changements observés montre qu’il est primordial de considérer le gradient longitudinal pour expliquer la répartition des formations végétales de la forêt boréale, au même titre que le gradient latitudinal qui, lui, est beaucoup plus souvent étudié.
L’histoire d’un chancre menaçant d’exterminer le noyer cendré
Authors: Rioux Danny , Tanguay Philippe , Sambaraju Kishan , Nadeau-Thibodeau Nicolas , DesRochers Pierre
Published: June 2019

Le noyer cendré (Juglans cinerea) est considéré depuis 2005 en voie de disparition au Canada; un chancre, causé par le champignonOphiognomonia clavigignenti-juglandacearum, est la principale cause du statut précaire de l’espèce. Cette maladie, qui semble avoir été introduite en Amérique du Nord, a été initialement rapportée en 1967 au Wisconsin. Au Canada, c’est au Québec qu’on l’observe en premier en 1990. Les symptômes se présentent sous forme de mort en cime et, très souvent, de chancres au tronc qui finissent presque toujours par tuer les arbres de tous âges. Nous décrivons entre autres certains de nos travaux qui recherchaient une meilleure compréhension de cette maladie, mais surtout qui visaient à repérer des arbres potentiellement résistants au chancre, à les multiplier et à évaluer leur résistance, et finalement à les protéger en stimulant leur vigueur par des travaux de dégagement. Nous avons pu montrer, par exemple, qu’à la suite d’inoculations artificielles en serre, quelques noyers cendrés montraient une certaine résistance au chancre, et qu’ils se défendaient en compartimentant les tissus envahis par l’agent pathogène. Ces individus potentiellement résistants constitueraient ainsi une source unique de matériel pour rétablir l’espèce sur certains sites.
On the biochemical associations of FoxO3a and SirT1 with the stress resistance of cells from the slow senescing Snell dwarf Mouse
Authors: Arum Oge
Published: June 2019

Tailskin fibroblasts from multiple genotypes of slow aging mice have been shown to be resistant to a broad spectrum of toxicants. The molecular determinants for this in vitro effect, as well as for the delayed/ decelerated senescence of these mice, are uncertain. Here, we have extended this phenomenon of in vitro cellular stress resistance to neurons derived from the cerebral cortex of the Snell Dwarf Mouse. We further investigated the role of the transcription factor FoxO3a and the protein deacetylase SirT1, proteins known to positively mediate cellular stress-resistance, in this paradigm. We found that Snell Dwarfs have a greater proportion of nuclear-localized FoxO3a within their cerebrums than their littermate controls and that the same is true for their unstressed fibroblasts in vitro; yet, Snell Dwarf fibroblasts did not differ in FoxO3a properties in response to the application of three different concentrations of two disparate stresses. Similar results were obtained for SirT1, although SirT1 content did increase under the mild cellular stress of serum deprivation. Taken together, these results depict stress resistance in non-fibroblast cell types of incontrovertible physiological import explanted from slow aging mice. Also, these results strongly suggest that neither FoxO3a nor SirT1 robustly regulate the stress-resistance of Snell Dwarf Mouse cells in vitro, and thus might not play a role in other slow aging mammalian in vitro models in which stress resistance has been documented. That cerebral neurons ex vivo and unstressed fibroblasts in vitro display FoxO3a concentrations suggestive of increased activity introduce the possibility that FoxO3a might partially mediate the in vivo retardation of senescence of these mice.
Efficient facial representations for age, gender and identity recognition in organizing photo albums using multi-output ConvNet
Authors: Savchenko Andrey V.
Published: June 2019

This paper is focused on the automatic extraction of persons and their attributes (gender, year of born) from album of photos and videos. A two-stage approach is proposed in which, firstly, the convolutional neural network simultaneously predicts age/gender from all photos and additionally extracts facial representations suitable for face identification. Here the MobileNet is modified and is preliminarily trained to perform face recognition in order to additionally recognize age and gender. The age is estimated as the expected value of top predictions in the neural network. In the second stage of the proposed approach, extracted faces are grouped using hierarchical agglomerative clustering techniques. The birth year and gender of a person in each cluster are estimated using aggregation of predictions for individual photos. The proposed approach is implemented in an Android mobile application. It is experimentally demonstrated that the quality of facial clustering for the developed network is competitive with the state-of-the-art results achieved by deep neural networks, though implementation of the proposed approach is much computationally cheaper. Moreover, this approach is characterized by more accurate age/gender recognition when compared to the publicly available models.
O trabalho na segunda metade do século XX
Authors: Coggiola Osvaldo
Published: June 2019

Neste artigo se examina o trabalho na segunda metade do século XX. Nos anos que se seguem à Segunda Guerra Mundial houve uma expansão econômica na qual a estabilidade capitalista existiu apenas no centro do sistema, já que uma onda de guerras e revoluções continuou a varrer as nações periféricas. Na Europa oriental, incorporada ao “bloco socialista”, rebeliões operárias contra a burocracia dirigente alcançaram Berlim oriental (1953), Hungria (1956), Tchecoslováquia (1968), Polônia (1956, 1971). Ainda tiveram lugar desenvolvimentos revolucionários da classe operária na Ásia e na América Latina nas décadas de 1960 e 1970, no esteio da revolução cubana de 1959-61. Na Europa ocidental, o proletariado também protagonizou situações revolucionárias, desde o maio francês de 1968, passando pelo outono quente italiano (1969) até a revolução portuguesa (1974). Nos EUA houve inúmeros conflitos entre trabalho e capital a partir da década de 1950. São destacáveis, sobretudo, além de dezenas de greves, o surgimento de uma nova militância operária, as pressões da base trabalhadora em favor de mudanças na política de negociação coletiva e o aumento na consciência racial e de gênero. O objetivo, então, é oferecer um quadro da realidade do trabalho que se constituiu nas últimas décadas.Código JEL | F16; J82; R23.
Trabalho e padrões de desenvolvimento: o trabalho docente no ensino superior privado no contexto da acumulação flexível em Campina Grande-PB
Authors: Agra Nadine Gualberto
Published: June 2019

O presente artigo tem como foco de análise o trabalho docente no ensino superior privado inserido no contexto de transformações no modo de regulamentação do capitalismo mundial a partir dos anos 1970. Seu objetivo é apreender como vêm se configurando as formas de controle e formação de consentimento docente nas instituições privadas de ensino superior de Campina Grande/PB. Como metodologia de pesquisa, além do levantamento bibliográfico, foram realizadas entrevistas com docentes, bem como pesquisa junto aos órgãos de regulamentação do trabalho e Sindicato Docente, além de levantamento dos dados estatísticos. Diante da pesquisa realizada, pôde-se perceber um processo de consolidação de um novo ramo de atuação do capital comandado pelo Estado, a partir do qual o ensino superior assumiu caráter de mercadoria e o trabalho docente adotou a natureza de trabalho proletarizado e produtivo, atrelado ao processo de subsunção real da vida social ao capital. Como tal, este nível de ensino está submetido às técnicas da gerência moderna de captura da subjetividade do trabalho, que induzem a formação de consentimento e conformismo entre os docentes, alimentados pela disciplina do medo.Código JEL | I21; J24; O15.
Microemulsions
Authors: Klier John
Published: June 2019

Although there is no universally accepted definition of what constitutes a microemulsion, most researchers now agree that a microemulsion is a thermodynamically stable, fluid dispersion of two or more ordinarily immiscible liquids, such as water and oil, stabilized by at least one amphiphile.

The concept of microemulsions now holds a central role within the field of surfactant technology. Perhaps the most fundamental fact captured by the term is that, contrary to a popular saying, oil and water can mix.
Highlights from occupational safety and health continuing education needs assessment
Authors: Scott Joshua G. , Shore Erin , Brown Carol , Harris Carisa , Rosen Mitchel A.
Published: June 2019

Background

There is a lack of trained Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) professionals able to meet the current and future demand for such expertize in the United States. Many OSH professionals are required to perform duties, which are outside of their primary area of expertize; thus, expansion of continuing education (CE) may be necessary to properly train individuals for new OSH responsibilities.

Methods

The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health‐funded Education and Research Centers collectively developed and distributed an internet‐based survey to gauge the CE needs and interests of the OSH workforce.

Results

A total of 2064 responses were received. The most common primary professions represented were safety (28%), occupational health nursing (18%), and industrial hygiene (12%). The majority of respondents (61%) reported that they perform work activities outside of those associated with their primary OSH profession. The CE offerings with the highest interest among respondents were related to safety. Other courses with high levels of interest included topics such as legal issues in OSH (88%), compliance (88%), risk management (85%), OSH management (83%), risk communication (83%), and communication in accident prevention (81%). Health and safety leadership (82%), health and safety culture (78%) and total worker health (74%) were also significant interests.

Conclusions

It is important to be responsive to the evolving needs of the OS&H community. Developing relevant courses will help ensure that OS&H professionals have access to the training they need to perform essential job functions and keep employees healthy and safe.
Magnetically recyclable palladium nanoparticles (Fe3O4‐Pd) for oxidative coupling between amides and olefins at room temperature
Authors: Pal Chandan Kumar , Sahu Swagatika , Sahu Ranjan Kumar , Singh Rajesh Kumar , Jena Ashis Kumar
Published: June 2019

A convenient method for the synthesis of magnetically recyclable palladium nanoparticles (Fe3O4‐Pd) is described. The catalytic application of the Fe3O4‐Pd nanoparticles was explored for the first time in oxidative coupling between amides and olefins. p‐Toluenesulfonic acid plays a significant role in the oxidative amidation reaction. The reaction proceeds at room temperature, resulting in (Z)‐enamides under ambient air in the absence of co‐catalyst and ligand. The superparamagnetic nature of Fe3O4‐Pd facilitates easy, quantitative recovery of the catalyst from a reaction mixture, and it can be reused for up to three consecutive cycles with a slight decrease in catalytic activity.
Fault severity estimation in a vehicle cooling system
Authors: Nemati Mohsen , Seyedtabaii Saeed
Published: June 2019

On‐time water pump malfunction, thermostat sticking, fan defect, and radiator clogging severity estimation in a vehicle cooling system prevents system breakdown and saves repair costs and service time. In this respect, to minimize the required number of engine variable measurements, the engine body temperature, Tb is introduced as a single driving force of the thermal system and a modified adaptive second order sliding mode (SOSM) fault observer is utilized to estimate the (single case) faults despite the system nonlinear uncertainty. The faults are applied and the estimates are obtained within the defined temperature ranges. The results of extensive simulations indicate that the algorithm works well in assessing the occurred damages to the uncertain system.
Nonlinear Dispersive Model of Electroporation for Irregular Nucleated Cells
Authors: Chiapperino Michele Alessandro , Bia Pietro , Caratelli Diego , Gielis Johan , Mescia Luciano , Dermol‐Černe Janja , Miklavčič Damijan
Published: June 2019

In this work, the electroporation phenomenon induced by pulsed electric field on different nucleated biological cells is studied. A nonlinear, non‐local, dispersive, and space–time multiphysics model based on Maxwell’s and asymptotic Smoluchowski’s equations has been developed to calculate the transmembrane voltage and pore density on both plasma and nuclear membrane perimeters. The irregular cell shape has been modeled by incorporating in the numerical algorithm the analytical functions pertaining to Gielis curves. The dielectric dispersion of the cell media has been modeled considering the multi‐relaxation Debye‐based relationship. Two different irregular nucleated cells have been investigated and their response has been studied applying both the dispersive and non‐dispersive models. By a comparison of the obtained results, differences can be highlighted confirming the need to make use of the dispersive model to effectively investigate the cell response in terms of transmembrane voltages, pore densities, and electroporation opening angle, especially when irregular cell shapes and short electric pulses are considered. Bioelectromagnetics. 2019;40:331–342. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Reduction of IL‐2 fragmentation during manufacturing of a novel immunocytokine by DoE process optimization
Authors: Schneider Alina , Gorr Ingo H. , Larraillet Vincent , Frensing Timo , Popp Oliver
Published: June 2019

Interleukin‐2 (IL‐2) is a potent molecule in cancer therapy. Clinical application, however, is limited due to its strong side effects during the treatment. We developed an IL‐2 variant (IL‐2v) immunocytokine to circumvent the drawbacks of the current IL‐2 therapy. During the production of the IL‐2v immunocytokine in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, molecules with fragmented IL‐2v and therefore reduced cytokine activity can be observed. To control product fragmentation different production process conditions were investigated. By shifting temperature or pH after the cell growth phase to lower values, fragmented species can be reduced from 10% to 12% to about 4%. However, with the adopted process conditions, the effective titer is decreased concomitantly. Moreover, fermentation length and inoculation cell density are parameters to adjust fragmentation and effective titer. A suitable method for efficient process optimization is the design of experiment approach. With this procedure, novel optimal values for temperature, pH value, harvest day, and inoculation cell densities were proposed and tested subsequently. In comparison to the former process, the improved process reduces fragmentation by 66% while keeping the effective titer comparable. In summary, these findings will help to control fragmentation in CHO production processes of different IL‐2v or IL‐2 containing therapeutic proteins.
Scale‐aware camera localization in 3D LiDAR maps with a monocular visual odometry
Authors: Sun Manhui , Yang Shaowu , Liu Henzhu
Published: June 2019

Localization information is essential for mobile robot systems in navigation tasks. Many visual‐based approaches focus on localizing a robot within prior maps acquired with cameras. It is critical where the Global Positioning System signal is unreliable. In contrast to conventional methods that localize a camera in an image‐based map, we propose a novel approach that localizes a monocular camera within a given three‐dimensional (3D) light detection and ranging (LiDAR) map. We employ visual odometry to reconstruct a semidense set of 3D points from the monocular camera images. These points are continuously matched against the 3D prior LiDAR map by a modified feature‐based point cloud registration method to track a full six‐degree‐of‐freedom camera pose. Since the monocular camera suffers from the scale‐drift problem due to the lack of depth information, the proposed method solves it by adopting updatable scale estimation. Experiments carried out on a publicly large‐scale data set demonstrate that the camera and LiDAR multimodal data matching problem is solved, and the localization accuracy of our method is comparable to state‐of‐the‐art approaches.
Oryza sativa Parkeol Cyclase: Changes in the Substrate‐Folding Conformation and the Deprotonation Sites on Mutation at Tyr257: Importance of the Hydroxy Group and Steric Bulk
Authors: Suzuki Asuka , Aikawa Yuko , Ito Ryousuke , Hoshino Tsutomu
Published: June 2019

Y257 of Oryza sativa parkeol synthase (OsOSC2) corresponds to H234 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae lanosterol cyclase (ScLAS), which is believed to be responsible for the final deprotonation reaction. An Ala mutant afforded nine tetracyclic skeletons as the main products; they consisted of protostadienol scaffolds with both 17R and 17S configurations and both 20R and 20S configurations, as well as a pair of 20R‐ and 20S‐configured parkeols. The production of 20R‐ and 20S‐configured tetracycles (59:40 ratio) through the action of the Y257A mutant indicated that the substrate folding had been altered from a chair–boat–chair–chair (a normal folding pattern) to a chair–boat–chair–boat structure (an unusual folding pattern). Other mutants with different steric bulks also yielded both 20R‐ and 20S‐configured tetracycles. Thus, the primary function of Y257 appears to be to impose a normal chair structure at the D‐ring site through having appropriate steric bulk. In contrast, mutations at H234 of ScLAS were reported to cause no conformational changes. The OsOSC2 Phe mutant also yielded 20R‐ and 20S‐configured parkeols (25:33 ratio), thus suggesting that the OH group of Y257 can form hydrogen bonds with other amino acids to force a chair conformation at the D‐ring site, and this variant also gave 20R‐ and 20S‐configured parkeols in a high yield (60 %). Y257 is unlikely to act as a base to abstract H‐11 and stabilize the transient cation through cation–π interactions. Thus, the catalytic roles of Y257 are significantly different from those of H234 of ScLAS.
Thermally Induced Structural Evolution of Palladium‐Ceria Catalysts. Implication for CO Oxidation
Authors: Stonkus Olga A. , Kardash Tatyana Yu. , Slavinskaya Elena M. , Zaikovskii Vladimir I. , Boronin Andrei I.
Published: June 2019

Structural transformations in Pd/CeO2 catalysts during their calcination over a wide temperature range (450‐1200 °C) were studied with structural, spectroscopic, and kinetic methods (XRD, TEM, XPS, and TPR). Two synthetic methods were applied: coprecipitation and incipient wetness impregnation. The impregnation synthesis produced the best low‐temperature oxidation of CO (LTO CO) for the catalysts that were calcined at 450–900 °C. Their high LTO CO activities could be attributed to the formation of reactive surface clusters at the PdO−CeO2 interface. The coprecipitation synthesis produced a homogeneous PdxCe1‐xO2‐δ solid solution with no Pd nanostructured particles. Decomposition of the solid solution phase occurred at 800–850 °C and resulted in the formation of unusual Pd species, i. e., Pd(Ce)Ox superstructures and agglomerates consisting of 2 nm PdO particles. Further calcination of the catalysts resulted in the formation of mixed Pd0−PdO−CeO2 nanoparticles with a heterophase morphology that provided high thermal stability. These catalysts demonstrated capability for CO oxidation at temperatures below 100 °C after calcination at 1200 °C.
Natural‐Cellulose‐Nanofibril‐Tailored NiFe Nanoparticles for Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Tian Cuihua , Liu Zhichen , Wu Yiqiang , Lu Xihong , Yang Tianyun , Tao Xu , Qing Yan
Published: June 2019

High performance, resource abundance, and environmental friendliness have been raising as major challenges for the next‐generation of affordable and sustainable electrocatalysts. Herein, natural cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) with abundant carboxyls and hydroxyls were employed to tailor NiFe catalysts (NiFeNSC) for the efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Benefiting from the introduction of CNF, the NiFe metal ions were homogeneously dispersed on the CNF surface and exhibited a smaller particle size. Additionally, the surface area was 3.17 times larger and the surface wettability was significantly improved. By integrating the active NiFe nanoparticles with doped CNF, the overpotential of synthesized NiFeNSC catalyst was decreased from 370 mV to 244 mV to deliver a current density of 10 mA cm−2, and exhibited a small Tafel slope of 43.3 mV dec−1 in 1.0 M KOH electrolyte. Impressively, the NiFeNSC displayed excellent long‐term stability, which was only 38 mV increased over 24 h chronopotentiometry measurement, outperforming the catalyst without CNF (NiFeNS) and commercial RuO2 catalyst remarkably. The present results demonstrate a new avenue for designing resource abundant and sustainable electrocatalysts, providing a novel strategy to replace the fossil‐involved nanocarbon.
Trajectories of major depression in middle‐aged and older adults: A population‐based study
Authors: Xiang Xiaoling , Cheng Jianjia
Published: June 2019

Objectives

This study aimed to examine depression trajectories and correlates in a nationally representative sample of middle‐aged and older adults in the United States.

Methods

The study sample consisted of 15 661 participants aged over 50 years from the US Health and Retirement Study. Major depression was assessed using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI‐SF). Depression trajectories were identified using a group‐based trajectory modeling enhanced to account for nonrandom attrition. Multinomial logistic regression was conducted to investigate predictors of depression trajectories.

Results

Four depression trajectory groups were identified: “never” (85.8%), “increasing” (6.3%), “decreasing” (3.2%), and “persistently moderate/high” (4.7%). Baseline depressive symptom severity was a strong predictor of depression trajectories. Older age, male sex, and non‐Hispanic African American race were associated with a lower risk of the three trajectories with small to high depression burden, whereas chronic disease count was associated with a higher risk of these trajectories. The risk of being on the increasing trajectory increased with mobility difficulties. Difficulties in household activities predicted membership in the persistently moderate/high group.

Conclusions

A small but nonignorable proportion of middle‐aged and older adults have chronic major depression. Initial symptom severity and chronic disease burden are consistent risk factors for unfavorable depression trajectories and potential targets for screening and intervention.
Ultrasound can help to indirectly predict contact of parotid tumors to the facial nerve, correct intraglandular localization, and appropriate surgical technique
Authors: Psychogios Georgios , Rueger Holger , Jering Monika , Tsoures Eleni , Künzel Julian , Zenk Johannes
Published: June 2019

Background

The purpose of this prospective study is to evaluate the role of ultrasound in benign parotid tumor surgery, particularly by helping to identify the tumor location and its relationship to the facial nerve (FN) and by predicting the appropriate surgical approach.

Methods

Fifty patients underwent preoperative ultrasound. The course of the FN was indirectly defined, and the following predictions were made: contact of the tumor with the FN, the necessity for intraoperative nerve exposure, localization in the correct parotid lobe, and choice of the appropriate surgical technique.

Results

Contact of parotid tumors with the FN was determined with an accuracy of 96%. The need for intraoperative nerve exposure was incorrectly determined only once. The appropriate surgical technique was correctly predicted in 98% of the patients.

Conclusions

Ultrasound is helpful for indirectly predicting the relationship between parotid tumors and the FN. The retromandibular vein is the most important landmark.
Colorectal adenocarcinoma‐derived EGFR mutants are oncogenic and sensitive to EGFR‐targeted monoclonal antibodies, cetuximab and panitumumab
Authors: Kim Nayoung , Cho Daseul , Kim Hyunjin , Kim Sujin , Cha Young‐je , Greulich Heidi , Bass Adam , Cho Hyun‐Soo , Cho Jeonghee
Published: June 2019

Somatic mutations of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) occur in ~3% of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Here, through systematic functional screening of 21 recurrent EGFR mutations selected from public data sets, we show that 11 colon cancer‐derived EGFR mutants (G63R, E114K, R165Q, R222C, S492R, P596L, K708R, E709K, G719S, G724S and L858R) are oncogenic and able to transform cells in a ligand‐independent manner. We demonstrate that cellular transformation by these mutants requires receptor dimerization. Importantly, the EGF‐induced and constitutive oncogenic potential of these EGFR mutants are inhibited by cetuximab or panitumumab in vivo and in vitro. Taken together, we propose that a subset of EGFR mutations can serve as genomic predictors for response to anti‐EGFR antibodies and that metastatic CRC patients with such mutations may benefit from these drugs as part of the first‐line therapy.
Dissection of subclonal evolution by temporal mutation profiling in chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients treated with ibrutinib
Authors: Gángó Ambrus , Alpár Donát , Galik Bence , Marosvári Dóra , Kiss Richárd , Fésüs Viktória , Aczél Dóra , Eyüpoglu Ediz , Nagy Noémi , Nagy Ákos , Krizsán Szilvia , Reiniger Lilla , Farkas Péter , Kozma András , Ádám Emma , Tasnády Szabolcs , Réti Marienn , Matolcsy András , Gyenesei Attila , Mátrai Zoltán , Bödör Csaba
Published: June 2019

The Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor ibrutinib is inducing durable responses in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients with refractory/relapsed disease or with TP53 defect, with BTK and phospholipase C gamma 2 (PLCG2) mutations representing the predominant mechanisms conferring secondary ibrutinib resistance. To understand the landscape of genomic changes and the dynamics of subclonal architecture associated with ibrutinib treatment, an ultra‐deep next‐generation sequencing analysis of 30 recurrently mutated genes was performed on sequential samples of 20 patients, collected before and during single‐agent ibrutinib treatment. Mutations in the SF3B1, MGAand BIRC3 genes were enriched during ibrutinib treatment, while aberrations in the BTK, PLCG2, RIPK1, NFKBIE and XPO1 genes were exclusively detected in posttreatment samples. Besides the canonical mutations, four novel BTK mutations and three previously unreported PLCG2 variants were identified. BTK and PLCG2 mutations were backtracked in five patients using digital droplet PCR and were detectable on average 10.5 months before clinical relapse. With a median follow‐up time of 36.5 months, 7/9 patients harboring BTK mutations showed disease progression based on clinical and/or laboratory features. In conclusion, subclonal heterogeneity, dynamic clonal selection and various patterns of clonal variegation were identified with novel resistance‐associated BTK mutations in individual patients treated with ibrutinib.