bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Bioética teológica e a sua pertinência no debate social atual
Authors: De Melo Evandro Arlindo , Sanches Mário Antônio , Massé García María Del Carmen
Published: August 2018

O presente artigo aborda a presença da Teologia no contexto da Bioética. O objetivo do texto é identificar as tensões entre as duas áreas, mapear historicamente a contribuição da Teologia para a nova disciplina e a possibilidade de falar de uma bioética teológica. A pesquisa bibliográfica e documental demonstra que a reflexão teológica influenciou no surgimento da Bioética, tanto numa preparação remota como em contribuição mais específica no início da segunda metade do século XX. Deste modo, destaca-se que as duas disciplinas podem se enriquecer entre si, desde que as contribuições recíprocas mantenham uma postura dialogante e respeitosa. Conclui-se que é possível falar de bioética teológica na medida em que a reflexão teológica compreenda o caráter secular e plural próprio da Bioética.
An improved tree-based statistical method for genome-wide association study
Authors: Jhwueng Dwueng-Chwuan
Published: August 2018

In genetic studies, quantitative traits are found possibly associated with genetic data. Due to advanced sequencing technology, many methods have been proposed in genome wide association study (GWAS) to search the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) associated with the traits. Currently several methods that account for the evolutionary relatedness among individuals were developed. When comparing with conventional methods without evolutionary relatedness among individuals, tree based methods are found to have better performance when the population structure increases. In this work, we extend a couple of methods in previous studies by varying the magnitude of relatedness. The magnitude of relatedness of the evolutionary history is controlled by an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck (OU) process through its parameters. Our method combines a pertinent process and phylogenetic comparative method where the incorporated evolutionary history is built by SNP data. We perform simulation as well as analyze drosophila longevity data set.
Measuring benefits of rural-to-urban water transfer
Authors: Wang Juanli , Ma Yongxi , Collins Alan
Published: August 2018

Agriculture-to-urban water transfer is currently an important measure to meet the increasing water demand result from rapid industrialization and urbanization in China. Not only measuring benefits of agriculture-to-urban water transfer is critical to assess water transfer proposals, but also it can provide reliable basis for redistributing the benefits of agriculture-to-urban water transfer. This paper has developed a comprehensive framework in which Production Function Approach (PFA) is applied to quantify the value of water use in agricultural and industrial sectors, and Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) is employed to investigate the value of water use in municipal consumption and ecological environment. A case study from Zhuji in China verified the feasibility and validity of the method proposed in the paper. Results indicate that the Agriculture-to-urban water transfer increases the water value created by improving allocation efficiency of water use in different sectors. The benefits of agriculture-to-urban water transfer mainly origin from the fact that the economic value in industrial water-use are higher than which in the other sectors’ water-use. Meanwhile, the urban residents have a stronger desire to improve the water eco-environment which lead to higher water value in urban area.
Building a functional connectome of the Drosophila central complex
Authors: Franconville Romain , Beron Celia , Jayaraman Vivek
Published: August 2018

The central complex is a highly conserved insect brain region composed of morphologically stereotyped neurons that arborize in distinctively shaped substructures. The region is implicated in a wide range of behaviors and several modeling studies have explored its circuit computations. Most studies have relied on assumptions about connectivity between neurons based on their overlap in light microscopy images. Here, we present an extensive functional connectome of Drosophila melanogaster’s central complex at cell-type resolution. Using simultaneous optogenetic stimulation, calcium imaging and pharmacology, we tested the connectivity between 70 presynaptic-to-postsynaptic cell-type pairs. We identified numerous inputs to the central complex, but only a small number of output channels. Additionally, the connectivity of this highly recurrent circuit appears to be sparser than anticipated from light microscopy images. Finally, the connectivity matrix highlights the potentially critical role of a class of bottleneck interneurons. All data are provided for interactive exploration on a website.
Fitness effects of altering gene expression noise in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Duveau Fabien , Hodgins-Davis Andrea , Metzger Brian PH , Yang Bing , Tryban Stephen , Walker Elizabeth A , Lybrook Tricia , Wittkopp Patricia J
Published: August 2018

Gene expression noise is an evolvable property of biological systems that describes differences in expression among genetically identical cells in the same environment. Prior work has shown that expression noise is heritable and can be shaped by selection, but the impact of variation in expression noise on organismal fitness has proven difficult to measure. Here, we quantify the fitness effects of altering expression noise for the TDH3 gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We show that increases in expression noise can be deleterious or beneficial depending on the difference between the average expression level of a genotype and the expression level maximizing fitness. We also show that a simple model relating single-cell expression levels to population growth produces patterns consistent with our empirical data. We use this model to explore a broad range of average expression levels and expression noise, providing additional insight into the fitness effects of variation in expression noise.
Thermal Pulse Studies of Integrated Piezoceramics
Authors: Eydam Agnes , Suchaneck Gunnar , Gerlach Gerald
Published: August 2018

Integrated piezoceramics enable smart structures which interact with their environment. Their polarization state can be probed by thermal methods based on the pyroelectric effect. In this work, single PZT plates and PZT plates embedded into low temperature co‐fired ceramics (LTCC) are heated by thermal pulses and the pyroelectric current is measured in time domain. Analytical and numerical models to describe the mean temperature of the sample and derive the pyroelectric current are presented by the authors. Single‐layer and two‐layer models are used and the effects of a finite pulse width, the electrode, and heat losses are investigated. The goal is to find a suitable model characterizing the pyroelectric current in time domain as basis to derive information on the corresponding polarization state.
Iridium/f‐Amphol‐catalyzed Efficient Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Benzo‐fused Cyclic Ketones
Authors: Yin Congcong , Dong Xiu‐Qin , Zhang Xumu
Published: August 2018

Iridium/f‐Amphol‐catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of various benzo‐fused five to seven‐membered cyclic ketones was successfully developed, affording a series of chiral benzo‐fused cyclic alcohols with excellent results (75%–99% yields, 93%–>99% ee, and TON up to 297 000). The enantioenriched products can be employed as key intermediates or motifs for the synthesis of some important biologically active compounds, such as rasagiline mesylate TVP‐1012 used for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, the enantiomer of anticonvulsant drug eslicarbazepine acetate (BIA 2‐093).

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Thinking outside the box: Strategies used by low‐income single mothers to make ends meet
Authors: McKenzie Hayley , McKay Fiona H.
Published: August 2018

Recent changes to Australia's welfare system have impacted low‐income single parents who have been moved from a family payment, Parenting Payment Single, to a lower payment directed at individuals looking for work, Newstart Allowance. Research has shown that single‐parent families are particularly vulnerable to the risk of financial deprivation and poverty, and this recent welfare payment change further compounds the often dire financial situation for these families. Twenty‐three in‐depth interviews were conducted with low‐income single mothers who had been recently moved off the Parenting Payment Single and on to Newstart Allowance. As a result of this payment change and the decreased welfare assistance, the women spoke of needing to develop new strategies to compensate for their decreased income. This article focuses on the strategies these families developed and employed, exploring the women's ability to be resourceful in times of welfare changes.
Glycolytic inhibition: A novel approach toward controlling neuronal excitability and seizures
Authors: Shao Li‐Rong , Rho Jong M. , Stafstrom Carl E.
Published: August 2018

Conventional antiseizure medications reduce neuronal excitability through effects on ion channels or synaptic function. In recent years, it has become clear that metabolic factors also play a crucial role in the modulation of neuronal excitability. Indeed, metabolic regulation of neuronal excitability is pivotal in seizure pathogenesis and control. The clinical effectiveness of a variety of metabolism‐based diets, especially for children with medication‐refractory epilepsy, underscores the applicability of metabolic approaches to the control of seizures and epilepsy. Such diets include the ketogenic diet, the modified Atkins diet, and the low‐glycemic index treatment (among others). A promising avenue to alter cellular metabolism, and hence excitability, is by partial inhibition of glycolysis, which has been shown to reduce seizure susceptibility in a variety of animal models as well as in cellular systems in vitro. One such glycolytic inhibitor, 2‐deoxy‐d‐glucose (2DG), increases seizure threshold in vivo and reduces interictal and ictal epileptiform discharges in hippocampal slices. Here, we review the role of glucose metabolism and glycolysis on neuronal excitability, with specific reference to 2DG, and discuss the potential use of 2DG and similar agents in the clinical arena for seizure management.
SNR‐weighted regularization of ADC estimates from double‐echo in steady‐state (DESS)
Authors: Sveinsson Bragi , Gold Garry E. , Hargreaves Brian A. , Yoon Daehyun
Published: August 2018

Purpose

To improve the homogeneity and consistency of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) estimates in cartilage from the double‐echo in steady‐state (DESS) sequence by applying SNR‐weighted regularization during post‐processing.

Methods

An estimation method that linearizes ADC estimates from DESS is used in conjunction with a smoothness constraint to suppress noise‐induced variation in ADC estimates. Simulations, phantom scans, and in vivo scans are used to demonstrate how the method reduces ADC variability. Conventional diffusion‐weighted echo‐planar imaging (DW EPI) maps are acquired for comparison of mean and standard deviation (SD) of the ADC estimate.

Results

Simulations and phantom scans demonstrated that the SNR‐weighted regularization can produce homogenous ADC maps at varying levels of SNR, whereas non‐regularized maps only estimate ADC accurately at high SNR levels. The in vivo maps showed that the SNR‐weighted regularization produced ADC maps with similar heterogeneity to maps produced with standard DW EPI, but without the distortion of such reference scans.

Conclusion

A linear approximation of a simplified model of the relationship between DESS signals allows for fast SNR‐weighted regularization of ADC maps that reduces estimation error in relatively short T2 tissue such as cartilage.
Cash is not king for fund‐raising: Gifts of noncash assets predict current and future contributions growth
Authors: James Russell N.
Published: August 2018

Both fund‐raising practitioner advice and theoretical concepts from behavioral economics suggest that encouraging gifts of noncash assets may increase charitable giving. This paper analyzes data from 1,055,917 nonprofit tax returns (IRS form 990) filed electronically for the tax years 2010–2016 to explore the association between various types of noncash gifts and intraorganizational contributions growth. Compared with organizations starting at the same general contributions level in 2010 that reported only cash contributions in 2010, (a) those reporting any noncash contributions in 2010 received 41% more general contributions 5 years later, and (b) those reporting any intangible personal property contributions (mostly securities) in 2010 received 106% more general contributions 5 years later. A fixed effects regression incorporating all years of data demonstrates that decreasing the share of contributions coming from cash (i.e., increasing the share from noncash assets) was strongly associated with contemporaneous contributions growth. The largest growth accompanied increases in the share of contributions from nonpublicly‐traded securities and real estate. Relatively smaller or insignificant changes were observed when increasing the share of contributions from household goods, clothing, food, books, and collectibles. Shifting contributions from cash to noncash assets, particularly asset types representing substantial wealth, was strongly associated with contributions growth
Measuring the Local Twist Angle and Layer Arrangement in Van der Waals Heterostructures
Authors: de Jong Tobias A. , Jobst Johannes , Yoo Hyobin , Krasovskii Eugene E. , Kim Philip , van der Molen Sense Jan
Published: August 2018

The properties of Van der Waals (VdW) heterostructures are determined by the twist angle and the interface between adjacent layers as well as their polytype and stacking. Here, the use of spectroscopic low energy electron microscopy (LEEM) and micro low energy electron diffraction (µLEED) methods to measure these properties locally is described. The authors present results on a MoS2/hBN heterostructure, but the methods are applicable to other materials. Diffraction spot analysis is used to assess the benefits of using hBN as a substrate. In addition, by making use of the broken rotational symmetry of the lattice, the cleaving history of the MoS2 flake is determined, that is, which layer stems from where in the bulk.
Enhancement of Thermoelectric Performance in Oligomeric PEDOT‐SWCNT Nanocomposite via Band Gap Tuning
Authors: Maity Shilpa , Sepay Nayim , Kulsi Chiranjit , Kool Arpan , Das Sukhen , Banerjee Dipali , Chatterjee Krishanu
Published: August 2018

Organic thermoelectric (TE) materials, inspite of their low cost, non‐toxicity, easy availability, show a low thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT). Herein we report ZT > 0.04 for tosylate doped poly(3,4 ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT‐Tos) with single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) which is higher than the reported values for bulk nanostructured polymer based composites. The underlying reason for the enhancement of the transport properties is the morphological transformation of the nanocomposites exhibiting an increase degree of ordered structure of the samples with the increase of SWCNT content as is observed from XRD, UVVIS and FESEM studies. This increase in the ordered structure is due to the decrease in band gap that was found in DFT calculations which in turn increases the electrical conductivity which is responsible for the enhanced power factor. Further the SWCNTs introduce the interfaces that reduce the thermal conductivity due to scattering of phonons which further contributes to the enhancement in the figure of merit.
Improved prediction of twin anemia–polycythemia sequence by delta middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity: new antenatal classification system
Authors: Tollenaar L. S. A. , Lopriore E. , Middeldorp J. M. , Haak M. C. , Klumper F. J. , Oepkes D. , Slaghekke F.
Published: August 2018

Objectives

To investigate the diagnostic accuracy of delta middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity (MCA‐PSV) > 0.5 multiples of the median (MoM) and compare its predictive value with that of the current MCA‐PSV cut‐off values of > 1.5 MoM in the donor and < 1.0 MoM in the recipient, for the diagnosis of twin anemia–polycythemia sequence (TAPS) in monochorionic twin pregnancy.

Methods

This was a retrospective consecutive cohort study comprising all uncomplicated monochorionic twin pregnancies and twin pregnancies with a postnatal diagnosis of TAPS managed between 2003 and 2017 in the Dutch national referral center for fetal therapy. Cases with incomplete MCA‐PSV Doppler measurements 1 week prior to delivery or with incomplete hemoglobin measurements within 1 day after birth were excluded. The postnatal diagnosis of TAPS was based on an intertwin hemoglobin difference > 8 g/dL and at least one of the following: reticulocyte count ratio > 1.7 or presence of minuscule anastomoses on the placental surface. We compared the predictive accuracy of the current diagnostic method using MCA‐PSV cut‐off values of > 1.5 MoM in the donor and < 1.0 MoM in the recipient with that of a new method based on intertwin difference in MCA‐PSV > 0.5 MoM for prediction of TAPS.

Results

In total, 45 uncomplicated and 35 TAPS monochorionic twin pregnancies were analyzed. The sensitivity and specificity of the cut‐off MCA‐PSV values (donor > 1.5 MoM, recipient < 1.0 MoM) to predict TAPS was 46% (95% CI, 30–62%) and 100% (95% CI, 92–100%), respectively; positive predictive value was 100% (95% CI, 81–100%) and negative predictive value 70% (95% CI, 58–80%). Delta MCA‐PSV showed a sensitivity of 83% (95% CI, 67–92%) and a specificity of 100% (95% CI, 92–100%); the positive and negative predictive values were 100% (95% CI, 88–100%) and 88% (95% CI, 77–94%), respectively. Of the 35 cases with TAPS diagnosed postnatally, 13 twin pairs showed a delta MCA‐PSV > 0.5 MoM but did not fulfill the cut‐off MCA‐PSV criteria. Of these 13 TAPS twins, nine donors and four recipients had normal MCA‐PSV values. There was a high correlation between delta MCA‐PSV and intertwin difference in hemoglobin level (R = 0.725, P < 0.01).

Conclusion

Delta MCA‐PSV > 0.5 MoM has a greater diagnostic accuracy for predicting TAPS compared to the current MCA‐PSV cut‐off criteria. We therefore propose a new antenatal classification system for TAPS. In monochorionic twin pregnancies with delta MCA‐PSV > 0.5 MoM on Doppler ultrasound, but normal MCA‐PSV values in the donor or recipient, obstetricians should be aware of the therapeutic implications and neonatal morbidities associated with TAPS. © 2018 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Preoperative Anxiety as a Predictor of Delirium in Cancer Patients: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Wada Saho , Inoguchi Hironobu , Sadahiro Ryoichi , Matsuoka Yutaka J. , Uchitomi Yosuke , Sato Tetsufumi , Shimada Kazuaki , Yoshimoto Seichi , Daiko Hiroyuki , Shimizu Ken
Published: August 2018

Background

Postoperative delirium is a common and important complication in cancer patients. We need to identify patients at high risk of postoperative delirium such that it can be prevented preoperatively or in early postoperative phase. The aim of this study was to investigate whether preoperative anxiety predicted onset of postoperative delirium in cancer patients, not only in order to identify high‐risk groups but also to help develop new preventive approaches.

Methods

This was a prospective observational cohort study of cancer patients undergoing tumor resections. Postoperative delirium was assessed using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM‐5). Preoperative anxiety was evaluated with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale‐Anxiety (HADS‐A), and we defined HADS‐A > 7 as clinical anxiety. We conducted multivariate logistic regression to determine which factors were predictors of delirium.

Results

The final analysis included 91 patients, 29 of whom met the criteria for postoperative delirium. In multivariable logistic regression, age (5‐year increments; odds ratio (OR) = 1.565, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.057–2.317, p = 0.025) and HADS‐A > 7 (OR = 4.370, 95% CI = 1.051–18.178, p = 0.043) predicted delirium onset. These variables explained 74.2% of the variance.

Conclusions

Preoperative anxiety strongly predicted postoperative delirium in cancer patients. Our findings suggest that preoperative anxiety may be a new target for prevention of postoperative delirium.

Trial registration number This study was registered at UMIN000018980
A CHARACTERISATION OF EUCLIDEAN NORMED PLANES VIA BISECTORS
Authors: CABELLO SÁNCHEZ JAVIER , GORDILLO-MERINO ADRIÁN
Published: August 2018

Our main result states that whenever we have a non-Euclidean norm $\Vert \cdot \Vert$ on a two-dimensional vector space $X$, there exists some $x\neq 0$ such that for every $\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}\neq 1$, $\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}>0$, there exist $y,z\in X$ satisfying $\Vert y\Vert =\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}\Vert x\Vert$, $z\neq 0$ and $z$ belongs to the bisectors $B(-x,x)$ and $B(-y,y)$. We also give several results about the geometry of the unit sphere of strictly convex planes.
Reconstruction of the Cryogenian palaeogeography in the Yangtze Domain: constraints from detrital age patterns
Authors: LIU YU , YANG KUNGUANG , POLAT ALI , MA XIAO
Published: August 2018

Detrital zircons are often used to constrain the maximum sedimentary age of strata and sedimentary provenance. This study aimed at reconstructing the Cryogenian palaeogeography of the Yangtze Domain based on U–Pb ages and Lu–Hf isotopic signatures of detrital zircons from sandstones in the southeastern part of the Yangtze Domain. U–Pb ages of the youngest detrital zircon grains from the Niuguping, Gucheng and Datangpo formations yielded average ages of 712±24 Ma, 679.2±6.2 Ma and 665.1±7.4 Ma, respectively, which are close to the depositional ages of their respective formations. An integrated study of detrital zircon Lu–Hf isotopes and U–Pb ages from three samples revealed six main peak ages in the samples from the Anhua section atc. 680 Ma,c. 780 Ma,c. 820 Ma,c. 940 Ma,c. 2000 Ma andc. 2500 Ma. The characteristics of the U–Pb ages and Hf isotopes indicate a link between the north and southeast margins of the Yangtze Domain as early asc. 680 Ma, and the provenance of the coeval sedimentary sequences in the SE Yangtze Domain was the South Qinling Block on the northern margin of the Yangtze Domain. The provenance analysis on thec. 680 Ma detritus composing upper Neoproterozoic strata in the Yangtze Domain revealed that the detritus was transported southward from South Qinling to the southeast margin of the Yangtze Domain through the Exi Strait, but was hindered by the Jiangnan Orogenic Belt.
Author Correction: Oral immunotherapy combined with omalizumab for high–risk cow’s milk allergy: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Takahashi Masaya , Soejima Kazuhiko , Taniuchi Shoichiro , Hatano Yasuko , Yamanouchi Sohsaku , Ishikawa Hideki , Irahara Makoto , Sasaki Youhei , Kido Hiroshi , Kaneko Kazunari
Published: August 2018

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.
Stratospheric Ozone Density Retrieval Using the Optimal Estimation Method (OEM)
Authors: Farhani Ghazal , Sica R. J. , Godin-Beekmann Sophie , Haefele Alexander
Published: August 2018

We use an Optimal Estimation Method (OEM) to retrieve ozone profiles from the CANDAC Stratospheric Ozone Differential Absorption Lidar in Eureka, Canada. The OEM is a well known inverse method in which a forward model (FM) is used to describe the instrument and geophysical situation. We have developed a FM and are testing its validity using synthetic measurements. We will present the advantages of using OEM retrievals over the traditional method, including a full uncertainty budget.
GIS applications in urban management
Authors: Nguyen Anh Tai , Dao Huu Si
Published: August 2018

The urban development management is a complex science including many different fields in which scheming management plays a vital role. How to make the process of urbanization develop stable? Most of the departments of urban management may use drawing software to keep scheming/planning data under control, attributive information is thought to be particularly treated or directly noted in drawing file. With the aforementioned facts, the management of urban plan is simplified and the urban planning managers can reduce their labor, as well as their time. Climate change is increasingly complex and unpredictable worldwide. The consequence of global warming is the rise in sea level that caused more severe flooding. Vietnam is one of the countries severely affected by this process. In this paper, the authors aim to use the opportunities offered by GIS analysis of mapping flood warning service for flood protection, rescue, and traffic, to provide the residents with the forecast changes about the route they have chosen to move through flood zone, and to study the functional process of planning management model applying GIS technology to support the management of zoning plan.
Model development of expert estimation of quality of transport interchange functioning
Authors: Panteleeva Margarita , Borozdina Svetlana
Published: August 2018

This article is dedicated to the development of new and effective intellectual model of road junction for the modern urban space. Significant reserves lie in improving the organization of traffic. Effective traffic management in these conditions should ensure the loading of the transport network to the point of its capacity and maintain a continuous uniform movement, albeit at relatively low speeds. In addition, to meet the needs of the modern economy and society in reducing transport costs and increasing the speed of delivery of goods, transport companies have to use the means of modern technology, and modernize the organization of their business. This article is devoted to the formation of a knowledge-based system analysis, methods of mathematical modelling and simulation, the enlarged model for evaluating the performance of transport interchanges, which is supposed to solve the problem of high load of the road network, taking into account not only quantitative parameters, which characterize the system under consideration, but also the legal basis for the formation of relations between all subjects of the transport interchange.
Regulation of air exchange in urban areas to improve their environment
Authors: Giyasov Botir , Giyasova Irina
Published: August 2018

Environmental issues in cities are some of the causes of reduction in the average life expectancy of people, increase in the incidence and mortality of the population. According to scientists, health of the urban population is 20% dependent on the state of the natural environment. Urban residents are more likely to suffer from cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, and blood circulation problems. In the course of urban development, people have a significant negative impact on the biosphere, changing it and being a part of it, they experience the consequences of these changes on themselves. This situation is complicated by the lack of a unified approach among civil engineers, architects, hygienists and environmentalists in the matters of organizing a residential environment. The article focuses on identification and analysis of sources of pollution affecting the air basin of modern cities. A comparative analysis of the transport and construction industries and their role in urban pollution is carried out. Using the example of the city of Moscow, calculations have been made and the indicators of the wind speed variation along the height of the building have been determined, depending on the type of terrain. These data allow assessing the formation of air exchange in urban areas and can be used to solve the problems of improving the urban environment.
Fire retardant device for pipeline and cable duct
Authors: Gravit Marina , Denisenko Valeria , Borisova Anzhelika
Published: August 2018

The present article reviews different patented devices of heat-fire protection system of pipeline and cable duct of bulkhead having used fibrous and retardant intumescent materials. Their structures and fillers are considered, benefits and drawbacks are defined. The improved design for duct of bulkhead is offered. It is characterized by advanced equipment reliability, technological and fire retardance effectiveness. It is specially noted that breakthrough fire-fighting technology is introduced in the new device. It implies the usage of fire retardant material, providing with thixotropic properties or high viscosity. In proof of the device efficiency the article reviews the experiment conducted on the model of a fire-retardant device.
Typological features of water structures of the Railway in West Siberian Urban territories
Authors: Ketova Eugenia , Nizhegorodskaya Juliya
Published: August 2018

The railway construction was a new phenomenon for Russia and was not sufficiently studied from a technological point of view. Primarily, climatic and geographical factors were the main problems in the process of the Trans-Siberian Railway construction. Severe winter, permafrost, mountainous, abundant forest terrain created certain difficulties during the construction phase. Therefore, the builders were forced to violate the nature integrity and lay the railway lines along the most profitable routes. The railway line was naturally chosen, first it should pass through large settlements, and secondly, the important factor was the location of the station near the water source for the uninterrupted operation of locomotives. But together with technological progress, this system was evolved into a complex organism, which parts were modernized, and some of them turned into inefficient structures that are collapsing and polluting the environment.
Analytical analysis of the stress-strain state of the system “mechanized equipment complex - support – rock mass” in the bottomhole area of the shaft
Authors: Pankratenko Alexander , Pleshko Mikhail , Isaev Alexander
Published: August 2018

The development of new deposits requires the construction of deep and super deep vertical shafts. The duration of their construction reaches 8 - 10 years with multi-billion capital investments. To reduce the payback period of these costs, it is necessary to develop and implement effective solutions to increase the speed of sinking operations through the wide introduction of brand-new mechanized equipment complexes. In response to the sinking in the bottomhole area of the shaft, the following geotechnical system is being formed: “tunnelling system - support - rock mass”, the regularities of which require further study. For these purposes, an analytical method for calculating the shaft support can be used in the context of consideration of a planar contact problem at various phases of the system operation. The mutual coordination of individual phases in accordance with the classical concepts of the underground structures mechanics is possible using a correction factor to the magnitude of horizontal stresses in the rock mass. In this paper, we developed the algorithm which determines this coefficient, taking into account the influence of the main technological factors: the pressure of the jack system of the complex and the speed of sinking.
Estimating some hydrophysical properties of soil using mathematical modeling
Authors: Terleev Vitaly , Mirschel Wilfried , Nikonorov Aleksandr , Ginevsky Roman , Lazarev Viktor , Togo Issa , Topaj Alex , Moiseev Kirill , Shishov Dmitry , Melnichuk Aleksandr , Dunaieva Ielizaveta
Published: August 2018

At substantiating land amelioration and land management designs, as well as during periods of operation and reconstruction of water facilities, information support plays an important role in relation to the hydrophysical properties of soil. Effective implementation of this support faces a number of challenges. Such problems include the very high laboriousness of carrying out the corresponding engineering surveys and laboratory studies. In this regard, the methods of indirect estimating the hydrophysical properties, the measurement of which requires considerable labor, are very in demand for land amelioration and land management practices. An equally acute problem is the problem of the functional representation of the coefficients of the Richards equation, which is widely used in engineering-hydrological calculations. The paper suggests: 1) the original method for assessment of the ratio of the values of the hydraulic conductivity function of soil to the moisture filtration coefficient using data from direct measurements of the water-retention capacity of soil carried out according to the standard procedure; 2) the mathematical model describing the hydrophysical properties of soil, and the system of functions with interpreted parameters that physically adequately describe the coefficients of the Richards equation. In carrying out the study, data on soils of different texture were used. A sufficiently low error in the dot approximation (fitting-procedure) of the experimental data confirms the physical adequacy of the proposed system that includes the functions describing the coefficients of the Richards equation.
Environmental standardization of residential real estate according to “Green standards”
Authors: Sirazetdinov Rustem , Mavliutova Alina , Zagidullina Gulsina
Published: August 2018

One of the difficult tasks for grееn developers in case of object certification is effective selection of the most suitable system from existing “green” standards. The goal of the work is to identify the most appropriate environmental certification system for our region. To solve this problem and choose the most optimal system, popular “green” standards were reviewed. For the detailed analysis of systems from the inside, an attempt to pre-certify the chosen object, a multi-apartment 16-storey residential building, was made. According to our work, the most suitable international system for category of buildings under study is the DGNB standard due to its adaptability and flexibility. Existing Russian standards, although created in Russia, basically trace over BREEAM and LEED and have a number of imperfections. Recommendation is given that the Russian "green" standard should not be just the adaptation of any foreign system. A number of criteria need to be worked out in more detailed way.
Mechanical processing of concrete and reinforced concrete with diamond tool
Authors: Zhadanovsky Boris
Published: August 2018

The technology and organization of construction production using high-performance machines equipped with a diamond tool for machining concrete, concrete and stone surfaces is considered. Various installations, machines and mechanisms with a diamond tool for milling, grinding, drilling and cutting surfaces are presented. The design decisions of the grinding machine MSh-300, installations for machining the surfaces of facing slabs, a high-performance drilling machine and a concrete surface milling cutter are considered. An analysis of domestic and foreign installations has been carried out, which showed that the specific consumption of diamonds in domestic installations is lower with higher productivity. Having studied the sales statistics of manufacturers of individual machines and plants, as well as the positive feedback from implementing construction organizations, it is recommended to use, for the further prospect, high-performance machines and installations with a diamond tool in connection with an increase in the volume of reconstruction of industrial and civil facilities and the construction of transport highways.
Comparison of the stress and strain intensity factors for the corner area of the structure boundary
Authors: Frishter Lyudmila
Published: August 2018

The stress-strain state of structures in areas with corner cut-outs and cuts of boundaries features the occurrence of areas of stress concentration and requires assessment of strength and reliability of facilities, which is a relevant task in engineering practice. Theoretical analysis of stress-strain state (SSS) of corner cut-outs zones of the area boundary is reduced to the study of singular solutions of the elasticity theory problem with exponential features. At that, the concept of stress or strain concentration in an irregular point of the area boundary is meaningless. This paper considers the stress-strain state in the vicinity of the top of the corner cut-out of the flat area boundary, which is recorded using the intensity factors as limit values of stresses and strains. We give two approaches for obtaining the limit values for stress and strain in the vicinity of an irregular point of the plane area boundary using the stress intensity factors and the strain intensity factors. The stress-strain state in the corner cut-outs zone of structures and buildings boundary recorded in the form of limit values of stresses and strains may further be used to determine and record the influence of changing the factors of intensity of stresses and strains on SSS of structures, which is a separate task of solid mechanics. The difference in the expressions of stresses and displacements obtained for limit values of stresses and strains determines practical significance of the work when carrying out experiments and at determination of critical values of stresses and strains.
Multiple-criteria decision analysis of the transformable low-rise building technological construction process
Authors: Korol Elena , Pleshivcev Alexander
Published: August 2018

One of the promising areas of improving the constructive and technological solutions of low-rise buildings is the fast-erecting systems. Increase of efficiency of the erection process of these systems can be implemented on the basis of the results of a multiple-criteria analysis of the organizational and technological processes by decomposing it into separate technological processes and operations and assessing their impact on the overall building erection process. The structure of a multiple-criteria model includes such indexes as the duration of separate technological processes and the operation of the overground part in the building erection. The subject of the study – technological operation parameters during the installation process of the transformable low-rise buildings with sandwich panel walls. Based on selection, classification, and systematization of the factors determining the resultant indicators, the relationship between the effective indicator (function) and the factors (arguments) was studied and their forms of dependence were determined based on the linkage modeling. The calculation of the influence of various factors and their assessment on the change in value of the effective indicator was performed. The selected factors include several parameters in the form of technological operations, which are expressed in hours. The simulation of technological process using a multiple-criteria model allows determining the efficiency reserves of the developed technology. Its application in installation control processes could help the construction industry with transformable low-rise building erection.
Pop-up landscape architecture in Ho Chi Minh City: Cases of creating livable city for all
Authors: Vu Anh Viet , Ai Thuy Pham Thi , Pham Tu
Published: August 2018

The pop-up architecture (or landscape architecture) becomes popular nowadays. Some highlights include annual architecture program such as the Serpentine Gallery Pavilion at Hyde Park, London; MPavilion in Melbourne; MoMA PS1 and Heart Sculpture in New York. Many of these pop-up architectural works have been designed by world renowned architects, such as Zaha Hadid, Rem Koolhaas, Hezorg and de Meuron, Jean Nouvel, Toyo Ito, SANAA, Shigeru Ban, BIG, etc. And many of these designs reflect innovative thinking that changes the professional world of architectural design. But above all, these pop-up architectures were created in responsive manner to the urban community and the community controversially has good response to this type of architecture. In the other words, pop-up architecture is the way the architects touch the heartbeat of the cities, make them livable for all. Ho Chi Minh City has its own types of pop-up landscape architecture, whereas this paper intends to explore in two case studies: Nguyen Hue Floral Boulevard and Nguyen Van Binh Book Street. Nguyen Hue Floral Street is celebrating now its twelfth birthday in the city. Nguyen Van Binh Book Street has just passed its first anniversary in 2017. Both cases live its own story behind the scene about how livable a city could be through place-making by architecture and landscape design. Throughout these cases, we would like to find out how this type of pop-up landscape architecture being realized and become popular in Ho Chi Minh City, and how it is devoted to a livable city for all.
Morphology of water-based housing in Mekong delta, Vietnam
Authors: Thi Hong Hanh Vu , Duong Viet
Published: August 2018

A long time ago, houses along and on the water have been distinctive elements of the water-based Mekong Delta. Over a long history of development, these morphological settlements have been deteriorated due to environmental, economic, and cultural changes from water to mainland, resulted in the reductions of water-based communities and architectural deterioration. This research is aimed to analyze the distinguishing values of those housing types/communities in 5 chosen popular water-based settlements in Mekong Delta region to give positive recommendations for further changes.
Transformation of the column order in the Baroque architecture in St. Petersburg of the XVIII century
Authors: Vozniak Ekaterina , Slavina Tatyana , Kopytova Anna
Published: August 2018

The forms and proportions of the Baroque column order of the buildings in St. Petersburg of the XVIII century differ substantially from the Western European canonical designs. The independent order system was created in each historical period under the influence of European architectural concepts, local style preferences, and creative choice of architects, and is of undoubted interest to both historians of architecture and restorers of historic buildings. The authors made a comparative analysis of the construction and drawing of architectural orders of buildings in St. Petersburg with architectural orders of classical works of the Renaissance, architectural works of the XVII - XVIII century. The process of gradual formation and modification of the column order in the architecture of St. Petersburg in the first half of the XVIII century is expounded. The main features of the construction of architectural orders during the Peter’s, Ann’s, and Elizabethan Baroque periods are revealed.
Reorganization of buildings in accordance with the “human-technology-nature” system
Authors: Kazaryan Ruben R.
Published: August 2018

Reorganization and its variety - building reconstruction - accompanies humanity throughout its highly developed existence. Since the formation of the city, three trends have clearly manifested themselves. The first is the sealing of the building in the center of the city, determined by the presence of ambition and prestige, manifested by the most affluent part of the townspeople who prefer to buy more expensive housing. The second is the expansion of the boundaries of cities near which middle-class people live, ensuring the existence of the city as a social conglomerate and serving it in all aspects. The third is the naturally occurring processes of physical and moral deterioration of buildings throughout the city. All these trends define for centuries the urgency of the construction reconstruction that does not reduce its “glow.” The paper compares the currently known innovative types of building reconstruction, many of which are open. Based on the structural-linguistic information analysis of the aggregate of such types of building reconstruction, the idea of forming a single base of elementary operations and processes of construction production, which allows forming new innovative types of reconstruction as a composition of the elements of this base, is proposed.
Environmental situation in construction, reconstruction and re-profiling of facilities in high-density urban development
Authors: Topchiy Dmitry , Kochurina Ekaterina
Published: August 2018

The article studies a set of potential impacts of construction on the environment in the conditions of high-density housing development: the existing buildings, ecological state of water, ground, air and natural components, and the residents of adjacent territories. Given the absence of a compulsory legislative basis regulating the permissibility and limit values of these impacts, the authors propose a comprehensive assessment of the organizational and technological tool that would help reduce the hazardous impact of new construction. Authors have analyzed the foreign experience in improving the environmental safety and comfort in the construction sector and considered the possibility of widespread implementation of certification systems based on local law, which would allow for the problem of the construction impact on the ecological situation to be solved system-wide.
Substantiation of the siting of construction facilities in the Central Ecological Zone of the Baikal Natural Area: ecological and economic aspects
Authors: Karnaukh Inessa , Mikheeva Anna , Ayusheeva Svetlana , Bardakhanova Taisia
Published: August 2018

The implementation of cost intensive construction projects is determined by the availability of natural resources and the environmental capacity of areas. The objective of the research consists in the development of a methodological approach to the assessment of the siting of construction facilities in the territories, characterized by ecological limitations and the substantiation of siting acceptability criteria. The authors analyzed the potential risks caused by the siting of construction facilities on the basis of (1) the impact produced by the facilities, used for economic activities, on the environment, and (2) the assessment of ecological and socioeconomic consequences of this impact. The core method of research consists in the integral ranking of territories, based on the environmental capacity of the natural environment's components and the anthropogenic impact, while their reconciliation represents one of the most relevant objectives of environmentally sustainable development of territories. The analytical results, generated by the co-authors, serve as the starting point for the research-based substantiation of the siting of construction facilities, because the following condition serves as the basic criterion: the anthropogenic impact, produced on territories, must not exceed the self-recovery potential of the local natural system.
Management of the investment value of land plots during complex residential development
Authors: Kulakov Kirill
Published: August 2018

The article is dedicated to the analysis of the research object in the form of residential sphere related to preparation, implementation and state regulation of investment projects on complex residential development of territories at the stage of land development applying modeling and investment value management methodology. The rationale of the performed studies presented in the article is related to the necessity of development of methodological approaches to accurate modeling and management of the investment value at the stage of land development on preparation of land plots for constriction, which is the basis of efficient state regulation of investment attractiveness of the complex residential development through the methods of the public-private partnership. The article demonstrates both the proprietary methodology, and the received results in the form of scientific and practical results that allow to perform investment cost management of projects on complex residential development in order to leave the area of negative investment attractiveness. These management solutions are recommended on the basis of optimum parameters of the public-private partnership.