bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: Insulin Resistance and Beyond
Authors: Binu Aditya John , Kapoor Nitin
Published: December 2024

Background: Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DC) is a syndrome of heart failure occurring in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), independent of other risk factors. It is a relatively underdiagnosed condition with a prolonged subclinical phase. There is an abundance of studies put forward to explain the underlying pathogenic mechanisms observed in this condition. This review aims to summarize the evidence available in contemporary medical literature with regard to the molecular mechanisms, abnormalities in signalling and metabolism and structural and functional abnormalities manifesting as DC.

Methods: We conducted a literature search using the terms ‘diabetic cardiomyopathy’, ‘heart failure AND Diabetes mellitus’, ‘Cardiomyopathy AND Diabetes mellitus’. We searched the reference lists of included studies and relevant systematic reviews.

Results: In this review, we elucidate all the mechanisms that have been postulated to have a role in the pathogenesis of DC, in addition to insulin resistance, such as inflammation, renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system activation and deranged protein homeostasis.

Conclusions: DC is an underrecognized cardiac complication of DM. A comprehensive knowledge of all the pathways and mediators will aid in the development of diagnostic and prognostic markers, screening protocols and novel management strategies.
Advancements in Leadless Pacemakers: What the Second-generation Micra AV2 Brings to Cardiac Care
Authors: Garweg Christophe , Willems Rik
Published: December 2024

Leadless pacemakers are considered one of the major technological advancements in cardiology in recent years. Many efforts are made to provide physiological atrio-ventricular (AV) pacing. With the first-generation leadless ventricular, dual, dual (VDD) pacemaker, Micra AV (Medtronic, Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA), a high variability in AV synchrony was reported. A second generation, Micra AV2, is now available for clinical use, promising smarter and higher automatic AV synchrony. This article reviews the different improvements proposed for this new device.
Transcatheter Management of Tricuspid Regurgitation: A Review of Contemporary Evidence
Authors: Sammour yas , Anwaar Muhammad Faraz , Cabral-Amador Francisco , Garcia Jian , Aoun Joe , Kazmi Sana , Faza Nadeen , Little Stephen H , Reardon Michael J , Kleiman Neal S , Goel Sachin S
Published: December 2024

Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is a common valvular heart disease that is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Traditional surgical interventions, though definitive, carry considerable complexities and risks, especially for high-risk patients, with in-hospital mortality rates of ~9%. This resulted in the undertreatment of many patients with TR, creating a substantial unmet need. This has stimulated the development of transcatheter techniques, such as transcatheter tricuspid valve replacement, tricuspid edge-to-edge repair, tricuspid annuloplasty, caval valve implantation and many others, which offer less-invasive alternatives with promising early results and sustained benefits. This review provides a contemporary outlook on different transcatheter tricuspid valve interventions in patients with severe TR and assesses the existing clinical data regarding the safety and effectiveness of these devices in a rapidly expanding space.
High prevalance of treatment wiht ADHD medicines indicates overdiagnosis of ADHD in Iceland
Authors:   University of Iceland, Faculty of Medicine. Mental Health Services, Landspitali University, Ingimarsson Oddur , Guðbrandsdóttir Ragna Kristín , Lauth Bertrand Andre Marc , Sigurdsson Engilbert
Published: December 2024

INTRODUCTION: ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by hyperactivity, inattention and impulsivity. For many the core symptoms become less troubling in adulthood. Treatment with stimulants is considered the most efficacious treatment for ADHD. Large high-quality studies have estimated the prevalence of AHDH to be 3,4-7,2% for children and adolescents and 2,5-6,8% for young adults. The aim of this study was to estimate the proportion of Icelanders who have received an ADHD diagnosis based on ADHD-medication prescriptions since an ADHD diagnosis is a prerequisite for such prescriptions in Iceland. METHODS: This population-based retrospective cohort study included all Icelanders 7-70 years old who received a prescription for an ADHD drug from 1.1.2004-31.12.2023. Every citizen receiving a prescription is included in the Icelandic Prescription Medicines Registry (IPMR). RESULTS: In 2023 14,7% of youth, 7-17 years of age, received a prescription for an ADHD medication, 17,7% of boys and 11,6% of girls. Among 12-17 years old youth the proportion was higher still, 17,6%, 20,1% for boys and 14,6% for girls. For 18-44 years old adults the proportion was 10,2%, 9,4% for males and 11,0% for females. From 2010-2023 the increase in prescriptions for 7-17 years old boys has been 93% but 224% for girls. For 18-44 years old males the increase has been 414% for males and 543% for females during this period. The incidence of new ADHD prescriptions for 7-17 years old boys from 2021-2023 was 10,9 and 13,5 for girls per 1000, respectively. For 18-44 years old the incidence in the years 2021-2023 was 18,7 for males and 19,2 for females per 1000, respectively. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of Icelanders who have received an ADHD diagnosis is double to treble that observed in the best available studies in other populations. We therefore call for an urgent review of how ADHD diagnoses are made in Iceland because it is obvious that the current system leads to overdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment.
Licorice consuption can be life threatening
Authors: Sturluson Olafur Orri , Johannsson Birgir , Sigurjonsdottir Helga Agusta
Published: December 2024

A 71-year-old man came to the emergency department (ED) at Landspitali Hospital after collapsing at his home. He had a severely decreased serum potassium concentration of 2.1 mmol/L (ref. 3,5-4,8 mmol/L), along with an influenza A infection and thigh muscle weakness. Further investigations revealed atrial fibrillation, new-onset hypertension and increased urinary excretion of potassium. Serum values of aldosterone and renin were under the limit of detection. The patient had consumed a significant amount of liquorice with marzipan, over 250g per day, in the days preceding his visit to the ED. He was subsequently diagnosed with liquorice-induced hypertension and syndome of apparent mineralocordicoid excess (pseudohyperaldosteronism). This case emphasizes the need for clinicians to be aware of the dangers of liquorice consumption.
Angiosarcoma of the breast (literature review and description of two clinical observations)
Authors: Orlova R. V. , Androsova A. V. , Topuzov E. E. , Belyak N. P. , Kutukova S. I. , Avramenko I. V. , Ivanova A. K. , Varankina A. A. , Korkina A. A. , Rakhimova G. A.
Published: December 2024

Breast angiosarcoma is a rare malignancy that accounts for less than 0.5% of all breast cancers. The disease is characterized by rapid growth, aggressive course, active dissemination of the process and poor response to treatment. The peculiarity of the disease lies in the complexity of diagnosing the process, since the clinical picture is not specific and often occurs under the guise of skin diseases such as eczema, atopic dermatitis, rosacea, etc. Also, the complexity of diagnosis is complemented by the lack of specific imaging methods, thanks to which it would be possible to diagnose angiosarcoma with high accuracy. The leading element of treatment is a combined approach, namely a combination of surgical excision, drug therapy and radiation. This article presents our own experience in managing a patient with angiosarcoma of the right breast, which arose 7 years after the treatment of breast carcinoma in the St. Petersburg City Clinical Oncology Center.
Treatment results of hand and foot soft tissue sarcomas in Moscow oncology hospital № 62 of the Moscow health department
Authors: Gribkova E. I. , Musaev E. R. , Davydov M. M. , Abdulzhaliev A. T.
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) of the distal extremities are a rare heterogeneous group of malignant mesenchymal tissue tumors, and the publications are extremely limited. They require a special approach because of their small size and functional significance of the areas in which they are located.

The aim of our research was to analyze the clinical and morphological characteristics of hand and foot soft tissue sarcomas and to evaluate the results of treatment depending on various factors.

Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical observations of 50 patients with hand and foot soft tissue sarcomas who were examined and treated from 2004 to 2023 at the Moscow Oncology Hospital № 62.

Results: 50 patients with soft tissue sarcomas of the hand and foot were included in this study. There were 24 men and 26 women with a mean age of 45 years. Of the 50 sarcomas, 12 were localized on the hands and 36-on the feet. The commonest subtypes were epithelioid sarcoma in the hand and synovial sarcoma in the foot. The 5-year overall survival (OS) was 55.9%. There were no significant differences in OS or progression-free survival (PFS) among patients treated at a general hospital. 5-year OS in the group of the phalanx sarcoma was significantly higher (p = 0.025). Phalanx sarcomas were more often 5 cm or smaller in size (p = 0.007), but larger tumor size (> 5 cm) was not associated with lower survival. OS significantly decreased in proportion to increasing stage.

Conclusion: Most hand and foot soft tissue sarcomas were less than 5 cm in size, which is indicating that it should not be used as a diagnostic threshold in the distal extremity region. Five-year OS in patients with soft tissue sarcomas of the phalanges is higher than in patients with sarcomas of more proximal localizations.
Efficacy of first-line therapy in elderly patients with prostate cancer in real clinical practice
Authors: Volkova M. I. , Fedyanin M. Yu. , Pokataev I. A. , Al-Akel I. S. , Vardanyan S. G. , Gridneva Ya. V.
Published: December 2024

Objective: to evaluate the efficacy of first-line systemic therapy administered in real clinical practice to patients >75 years old with prostate cancer (PCa).

Material: the retrospective study included data from 315 patients >75 years old (median age — 84 (75-99) years) with hormone-sensitive PCa (HSPCa) who received antitumor therapy. Non-metastatic HSPCa (nmHSPCa) was observed in 223 (70,8%) patients, while metastatic HSPCa (mHSPCa) — in 92 (29,2%) patients. In 8 (3,6%) cases of nmHSPCa, bicalutamide monotherapy was prescribed, while androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) was administered in 215 (96,4%) cases (intermittently — 164 (73,5%)). All 92 patients with mHSPC received ADT, including in combinations corresponding to current clinical recommendations — in 38 (41,3 %) cases (with docetaxel — 17 (18,4 %), abiraterone acetate — 7 (7,6 %), enzalutamide — 10 (10,9 %), apalutamide — 1 (1,1 %)). The median follow-up time for patients with nmHSPC was 64,2 (2,1-275,7) months, for patients with mHSPC — 48,6 (1,0-234,3) months.

Results: the median duration of the 1st line of therapy for nmHSPC was 40,6 (1,0-243,8) months. In nmHPRPC, PSA reduction by>90% during the first line of therapy was seen in 67,3 % of patients. Five-year survival of patients with nmHPRPC without PSA progression (PFPS) reached 70,8%, progression-free survival (PFS) — 70,8%, metastasis-free survival (MFS) — 85,0%, specific survival (SS) — 97,3% and overall (OS) — 91,5%. Continuous ADT in lowand intermediate-risk nmHPRPC reduced PFS compared to intermittent therapy (p = 0.014), but did not affect MFS, SS and OS. The median duration of the first line of therapy for mHPRPC was 14,3 (1,1-137,7) months. In mHSPC, the frequency of PSA decrease by>90% during the first line of therapy was 38,0%. In patients with mHSPC, the 4-year PFSSA was 50,1%, DFS — 50,1%, DFS — 83,5% and OS — 77,2%. In mHSPC, ADT compared with combination therapy reduced DFS (p = 0.018), DFS (p = 0.053) and OS (odds ratio 3.675 (95% confidence intervals: 1.001-13.489); p = 0.008). No significant effect of the combination drug on the survival of patients with mHSPC was found.

Conclusions: in elderly patients with nmHSPC, intermittent ADT is not inferior to continuous ADT in terms of OS. In patients > 75 years old, combination therapy based on ADT with docetaxel or androgen signal inhibitors provides an increased OS compared to ADT alone.
Treatment of a patient with disseminated testicular germ cell tumor associated with terminal chronic kidney disease requiring hemodialysis
Authors: Ablyametova A. S. , Zorinova A. V. , Letuchikh A. N. , Israelyan E. R. , Tsareva A. S. , Rumyantsev A. A.
Published: December 2024

There is a cohort of cancer patients with terminal chronic kidney disease (CKD) due to various causes and requiring hemodialysis. Antitumor drug therapy in this concomitant disease is possible, but requires selection of the most optimal modified chemotherapy (CT) regimens to maximize efficacy and minimize treatment toxicity. In this case report we describe our therapeutic approach for a patient on hemodialysis with a metastatic non-seminomatous germ cell tumor (GCT) of the testis of poor prognosis according to the International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group (IGCCCG) classification. We analyzed the literature datareflecting the use of different drugs and CT regimens used for the treatment of GCT in patients with CKD.
Application of the Node-RADS system for evaluation of regional lymph nodes based on computed tomography data in colon cancer patients
Authors: Gorshkova M. A. , Semenov N. N. , Danilov M. A. , Vasnev O. S. , Kulezneva Yu. V. , Lesko K. A. , Prosikov V. A.
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Recent studies of neoadjuvant therapy for colon cancer indicate a significant percentage of patients’ retreatment, more likely due to the low accuracy of radiation diagnostics. The new Node-RADS lymph node assessment system can allow for more accurate selection of patients for neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Currently, the efficiency of adjuvant chemotherapy has been reliably substantiated for N1 within three months, for N2 within 6 months, for NO-only in the presence of negative prognosis factors. This allows us to study the applicability of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with high reliability of lymph node involvement according to computed tomography data in the preoperative period.

Study objective: To determine the diagnostic efficiency of the Node-RADS system for predicting the risk of metastatic lymph node involvement in colon cancer patients.

Materials and methods: A retrospective comparative analysis of computed tomography and pathomorphological examination data was performed for 75 colon cancer patients operated on at the M. N. A. S. Loginov in the period from 2021 to 2023. The clinical stage was routinely established based on the results of computed tomography of the chest and abdomen with intravenous contrast. Restaging was performed in the same patients according to the Node-RADS system with a lymph node score of 1-5 points. The results of two radiation diagnostic methods were compared with the data of the pathomorphological examination of the surgical material.

Results: The accuracy (AUC) of computed tomography in the routine diagnostic method was 0.69. According to Node-RADS assessment, lymph nodes of 4-5 points were considered involved. Statistical analysis showed that the accuracy of this method increased significantly (AUC0.93). To determine the differences between the results of routine assessment, Node-RADS and the pathomorphological examination results, we found statistically significant (p < 0.0001) differences between the routine assessment and the results of pathomorphology, which corresponded to a low diagnostic value. At the same time, when comparing the results of the assessment according to Node-RADS and the conclusion of the pathomorphological study, no statistically significant differences were found (p = 0.109), which corresponded to sufficient diagnostic value of assessing the metastatic regional lymph nodes according to the Node-RADS criteria.

Conclusions: The Node-RADS system, presented as a universal system for assessing malignant lymph nodes shows a fairly high diagnostic potential.
Implementing Law Enforcement-Based Victim Services: A Research Note on Considerations for Rural Communities
Authors: Tibaduiza Elizabeth , Barrick Kelle
Published: December 2024

Law enforcement’s response to victims is pivotal in mitigating the significant and long-term physical, psychological, and financial consequences of victimization, and law enforcement agencies (LEAs) are increasingly dedicating personnel or programs focused on victims. For example, law enforcement-based victim services (LE-VS) specialists are LEA personnel whose primary responsibility is to focus on the rights and needs of victims. Recognizing the need to expand the use of LE-VS specialists, the Office for Victims of Crime developed the Law Enforcement-Based Victim Services (LEV) program to develop new or enhance existing victim services programs. There is a dearth of research on the outcomes and effectiveness of LEV programs or empirical evidence of best practices, and even less is known about LEV programs in rural areas. The current paper is part of a larger formative evaluation of LEV programs. Using surveys of 73 LEV programs and intensive data collection in a subset of 10 programs, we explored differences among LEV programs by rurality and identified promising practices for implementing victim services and considerations for rural communities. Results suggest that rural LE-VS specialists may be expected to have a broader set of skills and expertise than those in other communities to meet their job demands. Moreover, although all LE-VS specialists need to understand their community context, the implications for victim assistance are different in rural and urban communities.
Editors’ Introduction, Volume 8, Issue 4 (Special Issue) Rural Victimization: A Trauma-Informed Approach from a Global Perspective
Authors: Qi Ziwei , Donnermeyer Joseph
Published: December 2024

No abstract available.
Farmwald, A Bridge Between Two Worlds: My Journey to be Amish
Authors: Dutcher Vi
Published: December 2024

No abstract available.
Position Paper on the Treatment of Eosinophilic Esophagitis With Dupilumab
Authors: Tomás-Pérez M , Domenech-Witek J , Ávila-Castellano MR , Carballas-Vázquez C , Vásquez-Bautista AA , Jover-Cerdá V , González-Mendiola R
Published: December 2024

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic allergic condition affecting the esophagus and driven by food antigens. Many individuals diagnosed with EoE have other allergic conditions, such as food allergy, asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis. The clinical goals of therapy in EoE include symptomatic, histologic, and endoscopic remission. The current paradigm for the treatment of EoE in Spain includes proton pump inhibitors, swallowed topical corticosteroids, and food elimination diets. These treatments have proven very effective in clinical studies. In April 2024, the Spanish Agency for Medicines and Medical Products approved dupilumab as the second drug for the treatment of EoE, thus adding this biologic to the therapeutic arsenal in EoE.
The present review includes a positioning statement by the authors, all of whom are members of the Spanish Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Food-EoE Working Group.
A brief history of high-stakes testing and its possible futures
Authors: Gutiérrez Domínguez María Jesús
Published: December 2024

Education’s historical emphasis on assessments that enhance learning has evolved into a competitive, performance-driven model due to educational reforms and neoliberal influences. This trend has materialised in various forms, and one of them is high-stakes testing. Through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), the present study develops a global examination of this mechanism, in order to understand its scope and influence on the educational system. The results reveal both adverse and beneficial outcomes of high-stakes testing and, while the literature highlights unintended consequences, it also stresses the importance of its function as an accountability mechanism in the current society, implying positive aspects. Moreover, findings suggest that viable alternatives for large scale assessments extend beyond high-stakes scenarios.
DETERMINATION OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PARTICIPATION STATUS OF PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Karadağ Mustafa
Published: December 2024

This research was conducted to determine the level of participation in physical activity of primary school students. The research group consists of 236 (120 male, 116 female) volunteer students studying at primary school in the province of Elazığ in the 2022-2023 academic year. In the research, "Personal Information Form" and "Motivation for Participation in Physical Activity Scale" (FAKMÖ) to determine students' participation in physical activity were used as data collection tools. The data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical package program. Significance was accepted as p<0.05. It was observed that the research group's total score average of the students' motivation to participate in physical activity scale was at a high level with 57.01±4.76, and there was a significant difference between the gender variable and the total mean score of the motivation scale of participation in physical activity (p>0.05). It was determined that male students had a higher average score in terms of participation in physical activity. It was seen that there was no significant difference between the participants' sports status, height, body weight, perceived income status and weekly physical exercise status and the motivation scale for participation in physical activity. It has been determined that the students who regularly do sports in the research group have higher motivation levels to participate in physical activity. It was determined that there was a significant and negative relationship between the gender of the participants and the motivation scale of participation in physical activity. In conclusion; It was seen that the students in the research group had a high level of participation in physical activity and there was a negative relationship between gender and participation in physical activity.
THE INFLUENCE OF SELF-EFFICACY AND SELF-REGULATION ON LEARNING MOTIVATION IN SIMULATION OF IMMERSIVE VIRTUAL REALITY-BASED LAPTOP ASSEMBLY PRACTICUM
Authors: Sindu I Gede Partha , Kertiasih Ni Ketut
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of self-efficacy on learning motivation, the effect of self-regulation on learning motivation, and the effect of self-efficacy and self-regulation on learning motivation in immersive virtual reality-based laptop assembly simulation. The population and sample of this study amounted to 68 students from the 2nd and 3rd year batches at the Department of Informatics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Vocational Education, Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, Bali-Indonesia. This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey method to collect data. Data collection techniques in the form of instruments in the form of a questionnaire using a semantic differential scale. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis, classical assumption test, t-test, F-test and the coefficient of determination. The results of the analysis show that self-efficacy has a positive and significant effect on learning motivation, the value of t-calculated> t-table (4.186>1998). While self-regulation has a positive and significant effect on learning motivation, the value of t-calculated> t-table (3.226>1998). The results of the analysis also show that there is a positive and significant influence between self-efficacy and self-regulation on learning motivation in the simulation of immersive VR-based laptop assembly practicum, where the value of F-calculated> F-table (16.453>3.150).
DEVELOPMENT OF BALINESE PUPPET EDUCATIONAL GAME AND USABILITY TESTING USING SUS, UMUX, AND UMUX LITE
Authors: Jiwa Permana Agus Aan , Komang Setemen  , I Gede Made Surya Bumi Pracasitaram
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini merupakan pengembangan media pembelajaran interaktif berupa permainan pembelajaran. Dengan adanya krisis budaya di kalangan anak-anak, maka timbullah ide untuk mengenalkan wayang kulit Bali dengan teknik puzzle dan keterampilan berhitung, seiring dengan menurunnya minat terhadap wayang kulit di kalangan remaja dan anak-anak. Media ini dikembangkan dengan menggunakan alur cerita artikulasi 3 yang sangat penting untuk dikembangkan bagi anak kelas 1 SD pada mata pelajaran pengenalan budaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan media pembelajaran interaktif pengenalan wayang kulit Bali dengan teknik puzzle. Metode penelitian ini adalah MDLC (Multimedia Development Life Cycle). Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui 6 tahapan utama: Konsep, Pengumpulan Bahan, Pembuatan, Pengujian, dan Distribusi. Penelitian untuk mengetahui kondisi yang terjadi atau membuktikan kebenaran suatu desain penelitian yang dilakukan. Berdasarkan pengembangan sistem media pembelajaran dengan metode diperoleh hasil bahwa media pembelajaran yang dikembangkan layak untuk mengenalkan wayang kulit Bali dengan teknik puzzle melalui uji white box dengan menggunakan metode black box test. Hasil penerapannya juga telah diuji coba dalam versi beta di SD Negeri 1 Kaliuntu Singaraja, untuk memperkenalkan produk sekaligus memberikan kesempatan kepada anak untuk mencoba bermain bersama guru. Metode pengujian UX menggunakan tiga metode yaitu SUS, UMUX, dan UMUX Lite yang menghasilkan jarak yang sesuai.
TRAINING FUTURE PRIMARY EDUCATORS FOR PROFESSIONAL ROLES WITHIN THE «NEW UKRAINIAN SCHOOL» FRAMEWORK
Authors: Hudyma Nataliia , Mieliekiestseva Nataliia , Kovalchuk Olha , Dorozh Iryna , Pavelko Viktoriia
Published: December 2024

In the context of the reform of the education system in Ukraine, the preparation of future primary school teachers is gaining special significance. The New Ukrainian School (NUS) concept requires teachers to adopt new approaches and methods that meet modern educational standards. The study aims to analyse and identify critical aspects of the preparation of future primary school teachers in the context of NUS. The study used theoretical methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, and classification and systematisation of data. The study results showed that integrating modern pedagogical methods and technologies, such as project-based learning and information and communication technologies (ICT), contributes to developing critical thinking and creativity in future teachers. It was found that an essential aspect of preparation is the formation of competencies for working with children with special educational needs. The analysis also showed that many teachers have difficulties using ICT, indicating the need for more in-depth training. Empirical data confirmed that graduates of pedagogical universities are generally ready to work in NUS conditions but need additional support and mentoring in the first years of their professional activity. The article mentions the need to prepare the future primary school teacher for integrated education. The practical significance of the results lies in developing recommendations for improving educational programs in pedagogical universities, which will ensure high-quality preparation of future primary school teachers and the successful implementation of NUS principles in practice.
THE INFLUENCE OF SPEECH CULTURE ON THE FORMATION OF FUTURE SPECIALISTS’ LANGUAGE COMPETENCIES
Authors: Dibrova Olha , Skrypnyk Nadiia , Hotsynets Iryna , Ovcharenko Liliia , Namachynska Halyna
Published: December 2024

Due to the digitization of higher education, there is a necessity for the modernization of language specialty training in order to produce highly skilled professionals capable of adapting to the digital world and achieving optimal learning outcomes for future generations. The article aims to effectively employ the model by utilizing readiness components and pedagogical conditions for the formation of future specialists’ language competencies from the perspective of speech culture’s impact. The following methods were used in the study: analysis, synthesis, comparison, modeling, classification; practical research methods (namely ascertaining, formative and control experiment; observation; surveys). The study revealed a significant increase in the number of respondents who demonstrated understanding of the conceptual-targeted component during the formative stage of the experiment within the experimental group, compared to the control group. After the introduction of the experimental methodology, the content-technological component took a medium and high value.
THE PLACE AND IMPORTANCE OF FOLK DANCES IN TURKISH FOLKLORE
Authors: Yıldırım Oğuz , İnalkaç Oktay , Yıldırım Yavuz , Kıratlı Tuncay , Kara Ahmet
Published: December 2024

The subject of the research was determined as the place and importance of folk dances in Turkish folklore. The aim of the research is to reveal the place and importance of folk dances and music, which are among the phenomena in Turkish folklore, in Turkish folklore. The method of the research is a descriptive study and the current situation was tried to be revealed by examining the scientific sources obtained through the scanning method. The importance of the research is considered important in terms of revealing the place and importance of folk dances and music, which are an important element of Turkish culture and civilization, in folklore. Folklore and culture are related to each other due to their similar nature. It constitutes traditional products (customs, traditions, language, religion, oral and written and architectural art, sports, literature, etc.) belonging to the national and spiritual elements of a society with a cultural history in a certain period. Folklore, on the other hand, is a science that researches, examines and compiles the cultural products produced in the past by delving into unknown historical depths to which society and which period they belong. Folk dances are also a culture-art phenomenon within folklore. Folk dances, which are among the Turkish folkloric elements, carry the cultural phenomena that the Turkish nation has revealed throughout its five thousand years of life, from its emergence on the stage of history to the present day. Turks have existed in many different geographies in the world and as a result, Turkish folklore has revealed the products of a very rich cultural accumulation. Among these products, folk dances have an important place. Folk dances are distributed in different types according to regions in Turkey. This distribution has brought great diversity to folk dances and contributed to Turkish folklore. As a result, folk dances, as an intangible cultural heritage, contribute to Turkish folklore by showing their presence in Turkey's geography with different types and diversity qualities, especially the rich accumulation that the Turks have acquired from the time period when they appeared on the stage of history until today. In this direction, the research tried to reveal the place and importance of folk dances in Turkish folklore, taking into account the contributions of our folk dances in Turkish folklore.
IMPORTANCE OF TARGET LEARNERS IN TEACHING FOUR BASIC LANGUAGE SKILLS IN TURKISH
Authors: Tekman Tülay Kaya , Yeniasır Mustafa
Published: December 2024

In today’s world, teaching Turkish to people from diverse cultural and linguistic backgrounds has become essential for effective communication. Factors such as native language, learning goals, and cognitive abilities affect the pace of language learning. Recently, the students who come to the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) from third world countries for education have shown an intense interest in learning Turkish language, and consequently, Turkish has started to be taught as a foreign language to these students both at universities and private institutions. This study aims to determine the pace of Turkish language learning of foreign students who came to TRNC to study at university. The study was conducted in the fall semester of the 2022-2023 academic year with a total of 75 students learning Turkish as a foreign language at TRNC universities. The participants were students from different countries such as Syria, Iran, Lebanon, Libya, Sudan, Nigeria, Congo, Pakistan, Azerbaijan, Palestine and Germany, studying in various departments in TRNC. Using a mixed-method approach, the study employed a pre-test and post-test one-group design. Results showed that Azerbaijani students had the highest scores in both tests, Iranian and Syrian students made notable progress, and Congolese students showed the least improvement.
REFLECTIVE TEACHING ACTIVITIES IN LEGAL EDUCATION
Authors: Thu Nguyen Le
Published: December 2024

Reflection is recognized as one of the most important ways of  cognitive processes. In higher education, reflective teaching methodologies and activities are considered as important among students. Theories on reflection learning and teaching have been well developed from educational perspectives,with its effectiveness being confirmed. However, the implementation of these theories in higher education faces challengesdue to the gap between theory and practical issues. Law courses have their own characteristics in terms of content, legal approaches and practical income elements, which should be carefully considered. In this context, this study investigates the teaching methodologies applied at the University of Law, Vietnam National University. It aims to anwser the research question: which reflectiveteaching methodology should be implemented in law courses and how should it be implemented?
TRANSFORMATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION
Authors: Myroshnychenko Nataliia , Zolotarenko Tetiana , Kolodko Tetiana , Slabko Volodymyr , Tkachuk Stanislav
Published: December 2024

Given the impact of globalization processes on the development of higher education, it becomes an urgent task to identify the key aspects of this impact. Therefore, the aim is to characterize the peculiarities of the transformation of higher education in Ukraine within the framework of globalization trends. The collection of literature was based on a strict selection based on the criteria for its inclusion. The study includes analytical materials, reports, articles, monographs, and book chapters. The data analysis involved the use of methods such as contingent analysis and comparison. In the results, it was determined that globalization has positive aspects: the digitalization of education, student mobility, and greater integration of Ukrainian higher education into the global learning space. In the global learning environment, the tendency to form a narrow-profile specialist contradicts the basic needs of society, which requires professionals who are able to use and effectively synthesize the acquired knowledge and skills. However, globalization also has negative aspects (outflow of human resources, increased competition among higher education institutions). The conclusions emphasize the difficulties of further optimization of higher education, which are primarily due to the lack of funding for higher education. Therefore, creating favorable conditions for the realization of the creative potential of specialists is extremely important. This can be done by increasing spending on higher education and providing support for young talent in Ukraine.
ІГРОВІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ В РОБОТІ СОЦІАЛЬНИХ ПРАЦІВНИИКІВ
Authors: Санжаровець Валентина , Петренко Тетяна , Новікова Наталія
Published: December 2024

Стаття розглядає використання ігрових технологій в соціальній роботі. Соціальна робота, як сфера діяльності, зосереджена на покращенні якості життя людей, що опинилися у складних життєвих ситуаціях. Це широкий спектр дій, спрямованих на підтримку, консультування та допомогу різним групам населення у подоланні труднощів та досягненні соціальної адаптації.
Метою статті було дослідити особливості технологій з клієнтами соціальної роботи. У сучасному світі, в контексті зростаючих соціальних викликів та потреб, ігрові технології стають необхідним інструментом для надання допомоги різним категоріям клієнтів соціальної роботи. Це передбачало виконання таких завдань: обґрунтування вимог до формування компетентності здобувачів вищої освіти за ОПП «Соціальна робота». У процесі дослідження застосовувались теоретичні, загальнонаукові та емпіричні методи. Дослідження охоплювало здобувачів вищої освіти ОС «Бакалавр», які здобувають освіту за ОПП «Соціальна робота» у Національному авіаційному університеті.
 Результати. Можливість створювати інтерактивні та адаптивні підходи сприяє покращенню ефективності роботи та наданню більш якісних послуг соціальними працівнииками. З точки зору соціальної роботи, різноманітність ігор стає потужним інструментом для досягнення різних цілей в роботі з клієнтами. Ігри використовуються як засіб підвищення ефективності взаємодії та сприяння розвитку різних аспектів особистості.
Висновок. Запобігання соціальним проблемам - одна з ключових цілей соціальної роботи, досягнення цієї мети використовується за допомогою різноманітних методів, такі як інформаційні кампанії, коучинг, освітні програми, тренінги та консультації. Мета цих методів - підвищення обізнаності та знань людей, а також розвиток навичок, що допоможуть уникнути соціальних проблем. Соціальні проблеми часто з’являються як наслідок нерівності в суспільстві, конфліктів, втрати роботи, надмірного стресу або неповноцінного доступу до основних життєвих потреб. Розуміння коренів та природи цих проблем є ключовим для розроблення стратегій їх вирішення та покращення якості життя людей, що їх стосуються.
ПСИХОЛОГІЧНІ ЧИННИКИ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ КУЛЬТУРИ БЕЗПЕКИ БОРТПРОВІДНИКІВ
Authors: Хоменко-Семенова Леся , Гордійчук Марія
Published: December 2024

Дослідження присвячене актуальній проблемі сучасно авіації – культурі безпеки. Окреслюються особливості складових культури безпеки, зокрема в дослідженні йдеться про культуру безпеки бортпровідників. Головна увага приділена визначенню та дослідженню психологічних чинників підвищення культури безпеки бортпровідників.
Метою дослідження є теоретично обгрунтувати та емпірично дослідити психологічні чинники культури безпеки бортпровідників..
Результати дослідження показали наступне: на основі теоретичного аналізу було визначено основні психологічні чинники, що впливають на підвищення культури безпеки бортпровідників, а саме: стресостійкість, самоконтроль у спілкуванні та компетентність у вирішенні конфліктів. Культура безпеки означає незмінну цінність, пріоритет і відданість безпеці кожною особою, групою та організацією, ставлення, норми та поведінку, пов’язані з безпечним наданням аеронавігаційного обслуговування; В результаті діагностики стратегій подолання стресових ситуацій нами виявлено, що бортпровідники використовують різні стратегії для подолання стресу, причому деякі з них є більш вираженими та поширеними, наприклад «пошук соціальної підтримки» та «уникнення». Аналіз результатів інших трьох методик показує, що бортпровідники мають середній рівень стресостійкості та самоконтролю в спілкуванні, що дозволяє їм функціонувати у помірно стресових умовах, але вимагає підвищення ефективності управління стресом та самоконтролю для покращення їхньої професійної діяльності. Завдяки використанню авторського опитувальника про культуру безпеки ми встановили, що більшість бортпровідників добре обізнані з цим поняттям і визнають його важливість для своєї професійної діяльності.
Кореляційний аналіз виявив значущі позитивні кореляційні зв’язки між стресостійкістю та стратегією подолання стресу через уникання, а також між компетентністю у вирішенні конфліктів та стратегією подолання стресу через імпульсивні дії та уникання.
У висновках підсумовано важливість досліджень у напрямку підвищення культури безпеки бортпровідників та окреслено подальші шляхи розвитку психолого-педагогічних досліджень в авіаційній галузі.
THE EXISTENCE OF SIMPLEST BIOLOGICAL STRUCTURES IN THE FIELD OF HARD RADIATIONS
Authors: Doikov D. N. , Doikova E. M. , Jerdev M.
Published: December 2024

The paper deals with the application of biophysics in astrobiology and space medicine. The interaction between cells, bacteria, and hard radiation in near-Earth space is calculated. We studied role of photons on the destruction of elementary biological structures. Depending of the spectra and intensity of X-rays and soft γ-radiation we declared, that calculations of photon energy deposition has been practical interest from the point of view of space flight safety and the survival of various forms in space. It was found how radiation energy transfer processes in cells and bacteria, changes their spectrum. This is leads to changing the cross sections of interaction between quanta and biological structures, i.e., membranes and organelles of cells and bacteria. We considered only structure of this interaction, percentage contribution in total extinction of the photon component of solar radiation in the standard biological structure named “Soft Tissue”. The main standards of biological tissues and anatomical structures were used for calculations and their interpretation. Different biological objects are stored in specialized standards. In particular, in the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Radiation field in determine survivability of some types of microorganisms from ionizing radiation is significantly increased by drying and freezing. Drying and freezing significantly increases the radiation survival of microorganisms when used separately, and the combination of excision and freezing significantly increases radiation survival. Within the framework of Astrobiology, the study of the conditions proposed for consideration helps to understand the possibility of transporting multi-atomic structures (sugars, amino acids, etc.), primary bacteria in comets and some types of meteorites. It is noted that these cosmic bodies provide sufficient shielding from external exposure to cosmic rays during such transportation.
SPECIFIC FEATURES OF THE ENRICHMENT OF METAL-POOR STARS WITH NEUTRON-CAPTURE (R-PROCESS) ELEMENTS
Authors: Mishenina T. , Gorbaneva T. , Dmytrenko A. , Pignatari M. , Thielemann F.-K.
Published: December 2024

In contrast to stars with near-solar metallicity (Galactic disk stars), metal-deficient stars show an abundance scatter of up to 3 dex in the enrichment with neutron-capture elements, in particular the r-process elements. The reasons of such a large variation in the in the r-process nucleosynthesis is currently matter of debate. Possible scenarios could be the presence of various r-process stellar and mechanisms in the early unevenly mixed Galaxy, as well as different stellar origin, either galactic or extragalactic, that reflect entering the Galaxy after the capture or coalescence of both individual stars and more complex stellar associations and star formations.
In order to study differences in the enrichment with the r-process elements, we selected 20 metal-deficient stars, the spectra of which were collected in the UVES/VLT archive. We employed earlier determined atmospheric parameters to calculate the abundances of about 20 neutron-capture elements via the synthetic spectrum method, taking into account the hyperfine structure for a number of elements. We performed an analysis of the enrichment with the r-process elements grounded on multiple levels of enrichment intensity – namely, limited r-process, r-I and r-II – and the arrangement of stars by their belonging to different populations of the Galaxy, based on the stars’ spatial velocity components.
MACROSCOPIC TURBULENT DIAMAGNETISM OF SOLAR PLASMA
Authors: Krivodubskij V. N.
Published: December 2024

Turbulent motions and convection in cosmic plasma play a key role in the processes of magnetic fields evolution in astrophysical conditions. Involvement of turbulent motions in the consideration, when studying the reconstruction of magnetic fields, ended with the creation of the theory of magnetohydrodynamics of mean turbulent magnetic fields, which in the literature was called macroscopic MHD. One of the important effects of macroscopic MHD is called turbulent diamagnetism. The physical essence of the effect of macroscopic turbulent diamagnetism consists in the displacement of global (mean) magnetic fields from areas of increased intensity of turbulent pulsations to places with less developed turbulence along the gradient of turbulent viscosity gradient νT with an effective macroscopic velocity Uμ = -V̅νT/2 (νT ≈ (1/3)ul, u and l are the effective velocity and the characteristic pulsation scale of the velocity). We considered the role of macroscopic turbulent diamagnetism in the formation of the magnetic field layer in the lower part of the solar convection zone (SCZ). We calculated the radial distribution of the turbulent viscosity νT along the depth z for the SCZ model of Stix (2002). It was found that the radial distribution of this parameter has the form of a convex function νT(z) with a maximum approximately in the middle of the SCZ (z ≈ 140,000 km). Noticeable positive radial gradient of the turbulent viscosity V̅νT, which is found in the lower part of the SCZ, causes a downward intense diamagnetic displacement of the toroidal magnetic field, the velocity of which reaches the value Uμ ≈ 4x103 cm/s near the lower base of the SCZ (z ≈ 180,000 km). Therefore, macroscopic turbulent diamagnetism in deep layers plays the role of negative magnetic buoyancy. Macroscopic diamagnetism acts against magnetic buoyancy, the velocity of which is UB(B) = B/(4πρ)1/2 (B is the magnetic induction, ρ is the density of plasma), and contributes to the formation of a magnetic layer of a steady state toroidal magnetic field with a strength of BS = (4πρ)1/2 νT/2 ≈ 3000–4000 G.
ANGULAR BRIGHTNESS DISTRIBUTION OF QUASAR 3С268.4 AT DECAMETER WAVELENGTHS
Authors: Vashchishin R. V. , Shepelev V. O. , Litvinenko O. O. , Lozinsky A. B.
Published: December 2024

Using the URAN VLBI network, we studied an angular structure of the 3C268.4 quasar at the decameter wavelengths. It is shown, that the brightness distribution of the source in the decameter range differs significantly from the decimeter image of the quasar. At low frequencies, the source model consists of two extended components and a compact feature, whose sizes and positions coincide with the parameters of lobes and one of the hot spots of 3C268.4 observed in the decimeter range. The radio emission of the second hot spot at decameter wavelengths is quite weak and does not significantly affect interferometer response. The probable spectra of the quasar components and their changes in the range from decameter to decimeter wavelengths are determined in the study as well. It is noted that, in contrast to the high-frequency image, where compact hot spots predominate in the 3C268.4 radiation, at decameter wavelengths about 65% of the source flux density is provided by more extended lobes. We have also shown that the change in the slope of the full spectrum of the quasar at 230 MHz is caused by synchrotron losses in its lobes.