bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantifying Hyperbole: Explicit Estimates of Exaggerated Utterances
Authors: Harman Brittany , Strine Hennessy
Published: April 2023

Purpose. People are exposed to exaggeration in some form every day. They must comprehend and interpret the hyperbole, or conversational overstatement, to which they are exposed. Research suggests that people cognitively correct hyperbolic utterances using information retrieved from memory to generate estimates of what really occurred in the situation or event and the sampling of memory traces during the interpretation of utterances is influenced by the form and contextual elements of the utterance.

Methods. In three experiments, participants were presented with texts containing information described in a literal or hyperbolic manner (e.g., “I caught a fish” vs. “I caught a fish the size of a whale”) and asked for explicit estimates of value (e.g., number, size, duration). The form (Experiment 1), context (Experiment 2), and speaker (Experiment 3) of an utterance were all predicted to influence the estimates that people generated.

Results. It was found that the presence of hyperbole, as well as information about the context and speaker, had a reliable impact on participants’ quantitative estimates.

Conclusions. The form, context, and speaker of an utterance all appear to influence the estimates that people generated. Such results are consistent with the notion that people cognitively correct hyperbolic utterances using information retrieved from memory to generate estimates about what really happens in the situation or event. Future research should be aimed at designing experiments that can investigate these memory traces more directly.
Evaluation of L2 Listening Comprehension: In Pursuit of New Measurement Units
Authors: Shymko Vitalii
Published: April 2023

Purpose. Second language (L2) listening comprehension remains one of the most under researched problems in field largely due to the corresponding methodological difficulties. This study focuses on the development of such a measurement unit that considers the actual grammatical completeness and does not distort the factual semantics of the perceived text – listening comprehension unit. Methods and procedure of research. The concept of listening comprehension unit is developed based on a structural-ontological approach, which is a tool for systemic description of the multidisciplinary subject matter fields. To validate listening comprehension units, a study was carried out on a sample of 38 English L2 learners. Study participants were grouped according to their IELTS results, and listening comprehension unit scores were compared with idea unit ones. Results. The obtained empirical data were processed with One-way ANOVA test and proper results support the following conclusions. First, listening comprehension units can be used to measure and differentiate levels of L2 listening comprehension of short texts. Secondly, the study demonstrates a higher differential sensitivity of listening comprehension units compared to idea units in L2 listening comprehension levels diagnostics. Conclusions. First, listening comprehension units can be used to measure and differentiate levels of L2 listening comprehension of short texts. Secondly, our study demonstrates a higher differential sensitivity of listening comprehension units compared to idea units in L2 listening comprehension levels diagnostics. In our opinion, another advantage of using listening comprehension units is that this tool also allows one to look differently at the semantic structure of the listening comprehension process. In turn, this might open new psycholinguistic, pedagogical and didactic perspectives in the field.
The Contribution of Rapid Automatized Naming Skills and Phonological Awareness to Arabic Language Reading Fluency: A Path Analysis
Authors: Alshahrani Abdulaziz
Published: April 2023

Purpose. The aim of this study was to investigate the contribution of rapid automatized naming skills (RAN) and phonological awareness (PA) to Arabic language reading fluency(RF).
Methods. A quantitative, cross-sectional and descriptive method was employed, with the main focus on the contribution of rapid automatized naming skills and phonological awareness to Arabic language reading fluency. A cross-sectional study was performed for all children in six prim art schools located in Makka. A convenience sampling method was used to recruit children. For children to be included in this study, there were some criteria: (a) to have no academic or developmental disabilities; (b) Both gender (males and females). Questionnaires were distributed to the children with the help of classroom teachers. All questions must be answered and responded to. A total of 360 participants aged 6–10 years took part in this study: 280 males (77.7%, age mean = 8.9, SD = 3.27), and 80 females (22.3%, age mean = 9.2, SD = 2.44).
Results. The first main finding of the current research is that the correlations between RAN, PA and reading fluency were significant. In the final model, PA was directly and positively predictive of RAN (β = 0.664, p = 0.000) and RAN was directly and strongly related to RF (β = 0.623, p = 0.000). PA explained 52.3% of variance of RF. RAN explained 51.8% of variance of RF. PA and RAN together explained 69.9% of variance of RF.
Conclusions. The findings of this study add to our knowledge of the contribution of PA and RAN to RF, as well as the complex intralingual relationship between PA and RAN.
Заңдардың сапасын қамтамасыз етудегі Швейцарияның заң шығару тәжірибесі
Authors: Акимжанова М.Т.
Published: April 2023

Бүгінгі таңда заңнаманың тұрақтылығы Қазақстан Республикасында тұтастай алғанда елдің саяси және әлеуметтік-экономикалық даму бағытының тұрақтылығын айқындайды. Қоғамдық қатынастарды құқықтық реттеудің тұрақтылығына нормашығарушы органдардың (лауазымды тұлғалардың), нормашығарушы қызметтің өзге де субъектілерінің нормативтік құқықтық актілердің тиісті сапасын, қоғамдық қатынастарды құқықтық реттеудің толықтығы мен тиімділігін қамтамасыз етуге, сондай-ақ нормативтік құқықтық актілерді жиі түзетулерді шектеуге бағытталған шаралар қабылдауы арқылы қол жеткізіледі. Қазақстан Республикасының Конституциясы оның бүкіл аумағында бірыңғай құқықтық кеңістікті қамтамасыз ету қажеттігін алдын ала белгіледі. Мұндай жағдайларда заң шығару бастамасы құқығына ие субъектілердің және Қазақстан Республикасының өзге де нормашығарушы органдарының нормативтік құқықтық актілерді құрудың негізгі қағидаларын сақтауы ерекше маңызды. Аталған міндетті тиімді іске асыру мақсатында заңнамалық техниканың білім жүйесін жетілдіру саласында барабар қайта құрулар және ең алдымен, онымен көзделген: нормативтік құқықтық актілерді әзірлеуге арналған арнайы заң құралдарын ретке келтіру және пайдалану бойынша талаптарды мүлтіксіз орындау қажет. Осыған орай заңдардың сапасын қамтамасыз ету бойынша Швейцарияның заң шығармашылығы қызығушылық тудырады, мұнда мысал ретінде көптілді заңнаманың ортақ шешімдері көрсетілген. Зерттеудің мақсаты Швейцарияда нормашығару қызметінің тәжірибесін зерттеу және Қазақстан Республикасындағы заңнаманың сапасын арттыруға бағытталған ұсыныстарды әзірлеу. Зерттеудің әдістемелік негізін әлеуметтік құбылыстар мен процестерді танудың жалпы ғылыми әдістері, ғылыми талдау және синтездеу әдістері құрайды.
Comparative analysis of the criminal law institution “Expulsion from the Republic of Kazakhstan of a foreigner or stateless person”
Authors: Kabzhanov A.T. , Turlayev A.V. , Tapakova V.B.
Published: April 2023

The article illustrates problematic issues of regulation and practice of applying foreigner or stateless persons expulsion from the Republic of Kazakhstan as a criminal punishment type. The analysis of the features of regulation and the practice of applying such punishment abroad and in Kazakhstan was carried out. The purpose of the research is a comprehensive theory and practice analysis of the expulsion implementation as a criminal punishment type. The research is carried out through general and special legal methods, analysis and generalization of the legal norms governing expulsion in the legislation of different countries, the comparative legal method allows us to identify the main trends in the legal institution development “expulsion of a foreigner or stateless person” at the present time. The main result of the research is the provision on the need to improve the institute “Expulsion of a foreigner or stateless person” in the criminal law of the Republic of Kazakhstan. As conclusions, additions to the norms of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan are proposed, aimed at improving the Criminal Code Article 51, specifying the process of expulsion, as well as conditions list under which expulsion from the Republic of Kazakhstan is not assigned. It is proposed to supplement the article with provisions on “indefinite expulsion from the Republic of Kazakhstan”.
Участие государства и государственных органов в публично-правовых и частно-правовых отношениях
Authors: Сулейменов М.К.
Published: April 2023

В статье проанализировано участие государства в правовых отношениях как субъекта публичного и субъекта частного права. Доказано, что в публичных отношениях субъектом права выступает только государство, а не государственные органы, как нередко утверждается в юридической литературе. Отношения государственных органов между собой являются внутрисубъектными и регулируются особыми нормами права, не входящими в существующие отрасли права. Этими нормами государственные органы наделяются специальной правосубъектностью (только для отношений между собой). В международных публичных отношениях государство обладает суверенитетом и иммунитетом от судебного преследования. Однако в международных частных отношениях действует доктрина ограниченного иммунитета. Попытки Казахстана сохранить для себя абсолютный иммунитет являются не]обоснованными и противоречащими ратифицированным Казахстаном международным соглашениям. Во внутренних публичных отношениях субъектом права выступает государство. В частных отношениях государство является субъектом права, когда оно непосредственно участвует в гражданско-правовых отношениях. Государственные органы могут быть субъектами права только в том случае, когда они выступают от своего имени как юридические лица в организационно-правовой форме государственного учреждения.
ПЕДАГОГІЧНИЙ ПОТЕНЦІАЛ ДИДАКТИЧНИХ ІГОР ТА ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЇХ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ НА ЗАНЯТТЯХ У ЗДО
Authors: Pykhtina N.
Published: April 2023

У статті, завдяки аналізу досліджень проблеми дидактичної гри у ЗДО і висновків фахівців-практиків, представлений педагогічний потенціал дидактичних ігор та особливості їх використання на заняттях у ЗДО. Обґрунтована сутність дидактичної гри як сучасного і визнаного методу навчання і виховання дітей, що інтегрує освітню, розвивальну і виховну функції в ігровій ситуації та дозволяє розв’язувати різноманітні освітні завдання.

Охарактеризовані наступні функції дидактичних ігор: активізація навчально-пізнавальної діяльності дітей, їх пізнавальної сфери; розвиток позитивної мотивації дітей до навчання, підвищення працездатності.

Розгляд педагогічних можливостей дидактичної гри здійснено з врахуванням її структури, обов’язковими компонентами якої є: навчальне і виховне завдання, ігрові дії, правила, результат.

Проаналізовані освітні функції ігрових правил, ігрових дій, контролю за їх виконанням, кінцевого результату. Доведена важливість єдності структурних компонентів дидактичної гри як умови оптимізації пізнавальної та практичної діяльності дітей.

Визначені критерії класифікації дидактичних ігор, з урахуванням керівництва грою педагогом та особливостями організації діяльності дітей.

Встановлена відсутність єдиної, чіткої і вичерпної класифікації дидактичних ігор.

Здійснений аналіз існуючих класифікацій за навчальним змістом, пізнавальною діяльністю дітей, ігровими діями і правилами, організацією і взаєминами дітей, за роллю вихователя; фіксованими і прихованими правилами.

Розглянуті етапи реалізації дидактичних ігор: підготовка до проведення дидактичної гри, її проведення, аналіз. Обґрунтована необхідність дотримання їх послідовності та особливостей реалізації, що забезпечує високу ефективність освітнього процесу у дошкільному закладі.

Досліджені можливості використання різних видів дидактичних ігор у повсякденному житті та на заняттях.

Сформульовані перспективи подальших наукових пошуків щодо використання дидактичної гри у самостійній ігровій діяльності дітей з метою формування у них соціальної компетентності.

Ключові слова: гра, дидактична гра, структура дидактичної гри, класифікації дидактичних ігор, етапи дидактичної гри.
ГІДНІСТЬ: ФЕНОМЕНОЛОГІЯ ТА ОСОБЛИВОСТІ РОЗВИТКУ У ДОШКІЛЬНОМУ ДИТИНСТВІ
Authors: Kononko О.
Published: April 2023

Розкрито суть феномену «власна гідність», який кваліфіковано як особистісний інтеграл, показник прогресивного розвитку, що засвідчується активною за формою та моральною за змістом життєвою позицією дитини дошкільного віку, умінням конструктивно реалізовувати свій потенціал, поводитися самостійно й впевнено, досягати успіху у чесний спосіб, аргументувати незгоду та коректно відстоювати власну точку зору у спілкуванні з оточуючими людьми. Визначено критерії оцінки міри та особливостей розвитку гідності дітей 5–7 років, основними з яких слугували такі уміння: самовиражатися та самореалізовуватися у соціально прийнятний спосіб; довіряти власному досвіду, підтримувати себе у складній ситуації; відстоювати простір-Я, чинити опір руйнівним впливам. Описано авторську типологію гідності, схарактеризовано особливості свідомості та поведінки самодостатніх, самолюбних, егоцентричних та індиферентних дітей. Обгрунтовано педагогічні умови оптимізації виховного процесу у закладі дошкільної освіти з метою розвитку в дітей 5–7 років елементарних форм власної гідності. До них віднесено: збагачення уявлень дошкільників про гідність та її роль в житті; формування інтересу до власної особистості та самоаналізу; розширення інструментарію самовпливу, саморегуляції та самоконтролю; створення ситуацій успіху, вправляння дітей в в уміннях аргументувати та відстоювати власну думку.
ФОРМУВАННЯ СПОСОБІВ МИСЛЕННЯ ШКОЛЯРІВ НА УРОКАХ ЛІТЕРАТУРИ В КОНТЕКСТІ КОМПЕТЕНТНІСНОГО НАВЧАННЯ
Authors: Bondarenko Y.
Published: April 2023

Реалізація компетентнісного підходу до шкільного навчання української літератури потребує розуміння його складників та особливостей їх дисциплінарного застосування. Автор статті звертає увагу на формування в учнів способів мислення, пов’язаних із опрацюванням різних видів літературного матеріалу (художніх творів та історико-літературних джерел). Він вважає, що способи мислення школярів значною мірою зумовлені шляхами аналізу літературних текстів, адже саме з їх допомогою учитель-словесник установлює процесуальні алгоритми інтелектуальної діяльності на уроках літератури. У зв’язку із цим поданий науковий матеріал спрямований на те, щоб у загальному вигляді окреслити мисленнєві механізми під час застосування подієвого, композиційного, хронотопного, пообразного, словесно-образного, проблемно-тематичного, ідеаційно-концептуального, філософського, структурно-стильового та жанрового (для художніх джерел), хронологічного та тематико-фактографічного шляхів аналізу (для історико-літературних матеріалів). З іншого боку, способи мислення зумовлені операціями, які в принципі властиві інтелектуальній діяльності людини. Автор статті розглядає конкретизацію, уявлення, оперування, аналіз, синтез, інтерпретацію, теоретизування, висунення суджень та міркувань, їх місце у сфері діяльності здобувачів літературної освіти. Він показує особливості їх використання в процесі опрацювання навчальних матеріалів філологічного змісту й тим самим оприявнює інтелектуальні дії, спрямовані на вивчення літературних джерел. У такий спосіб продемонстровано зв’язок загальнопсихологічних та методико-літературних підходів до організації навчальної діяльності, конкретизовано мисленнєвий потенціал дослідницької роботи школярів під час опрацювання художніх та історико-літературних текстів.
DETERMINATION OF MEASUREMENT ERROR OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY QUALITY INDICATORS BY THE CORRELATION METHOD
Authors: FILONENKO Sergii , LARIN Vitaliy , STAKHOVA Anzhelika ,   National Aviation University
Published: April 2023

The problem of energy conservation is urgent not only for Ukraine but for the whole world. One of the main causes of non-productive energy costs in the energy sector is high losses in power grids. The problem of electricity quality is the focus of many researchers and practitioners of energy and electrification. The co-supply of single-phase and three-phase electrical energy receivers from a three-phase four-wire network is widespread in the power supply systems of industrial enterprises. In such cases, there is almost always a phase asymmetry of the load, as well as significant currents in the zero wire. These factors lead to a decrease in the quality of the voltage and are the cause of economic damage. Organization of hardware control of electricity quality indicators, organizational and economic mechanism of influence on the cause of deterioration of electricity quality, development of methods and technical methods of distortion are important for normalization of electricity quality. The error of the correlation method for measuring the unbalanced voltage of a three-phase network based on the preliminary conversion of a three-phase voltage to a two-phase voltage with subsequent decomposition into orthogonal components using a discrete Fourier transform is estimated.
METHOD OF DETERMINING PARAMETERS OF MODULATION OF UAV SIGNALS USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS
Authors:   Khmelnytskyi National University, HULA Iho , POLIKAROVSKYKH Oleksiy ,   Odessa National Maritime University
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to the consideration of the issue of determining the parameters of the modulation of signals of unmanned aerial vehicles using artificial neural networks by recognizing the types of digital modulation and is performed by a system that automatically classifies the type of digital modulation of the received signal. Recognition of digital modulation types is used, which automatically classifies the type of digital modulation of the received signal. The following issues are covered in the article: the analysis of existing approaches in the task of automatic recognition of types of digital modulation is carried out; the analysis and classification of informative features in the task of automatic recognition is carried out the following types of digital modulation: 2-PSK, 4-PSK, 8-PSK, 2-FSK, 8-QAM, 16-QAM, 64-QAM and OFDM. This article uses a neural network approach based on cumulative characteristics. To solve these problems, the methods of calculation and selection of informative cumulative features described in the developed model of the system of automatic recognition of digital modulation types by means of a neural network on cumulative features at a known value of carrier frequency are described. A model of the system of automatic recognition of digital modulation types at a known value is constructed carrier frequency. An algorithm for automatic recognition of digital modulation types has been developed using a multilayer neural network. The influence of noise in the communication channel on the probability of recognizing the types of digital modulation at a known value of the carrier frequency is investigated. It was found that regardless of the type of noise in the communication channel, the law of error distribution in IQ data becomes close to normal. This fact is one important argument for the use of cumulative features in the task of automatic recognition of types of digital modulation. Therefore, the task of automatic recognition of digital modulation types is quite relevant. Further research may be aimed at expanding the range of high-order cumulative features used, due to which it is possible to increase the probability of correct recognition of types of digital modulation, and solving the recognition problem at an unknown value of the frequency and initial phase of the carrier signal.
USE OF NATURAL LEATHER IN SHOE PRODUCTION
Authors: DANYLKOVYCH Аnatolii , NAUMENKO Bohdan ,   Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design
Published: April 2023

In the work, the formation of leather material from semi-finished cattle was carried out – medium chrome-tanned beef at the stage of filling and fattening after it is planed to thickness 0,9–1,1 mm. In this case, the product of the interaction of 2-naphtholsulfonic acid with dioxydiphenylsulfone was used – BNS synthetic tanner (ТУ 17-06-165-89), mimosa extract with a tannin content of 79.0% and an emulsion of a fattening preparation Fosfol L-1301 by company «Cromogenia Units, S.A.» (Spain). Preliminary greasing of the semi-finished product and final fixation of reagents diffused into the structure of the semi-finished product with alumokalium alum gives the leather material a complex of hygienic, physical-mechanical and technological characteristics that meet the requirements for materials for sewing products. The resulting leather material exceeds industrial samples by 13.6% and 11.0%, respectively, in terms of hygroscopicity and vapor permeability. Compared to natural leather, synthetic leather is characterized by significantly lower hygienic properties, and in terms of specific surface area and sorption capacity, they are inferior to natural leather materials by at least 32.0 and 17.0 times, respectively. Accordingly, their vapor permeability and hygroscopicity are 7.0–8.0 and 5.5–6.0 times lower than natural leather. At the same time, to a greater extent, this also applies to a complex of physical and mechanical indicators, including increased defectability and reduced formability during the operation of footwear products. At the same time, their initial aesthetics are relatively quickly lost. The natural leather material obtained by the developed technology can be considered promising due to its advantages compared to synthetic leathers and compliance (ДСТУ 2726-94) for the production of high-quality shoe uppers.
INVESTIGATION OF THE OPERATION MODES OF THE BELT-ROPE CONVEYOR ELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEM WITH VECTOR-CONTROLLED INDUCTION ELECTRIC MOTORS
Authors: Pechenik Mykolay , Burian Sergey , Zemlianukhina Hanna , Hodz Artem ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”
Published: April 2023

Continuous transport systems are the most promising type of movement of loose and artificial materials, have high productivity, technical and economic indicators and are widely used in world practice as main conveyors for the coal and mining industry. A special place in continuous transport is occupied by belt-rope conveyors, which are capable of transporting cargo over a distance of more than 30 km in one stop. As a rule, these main conveyors do not provide for the adjustment of movement parameters, the start is carried out using soft start systems. At the same time, such systems have high requirements for the parameters of dynamic modes of operation, the accuracy of working out the given movement program and the level of energy efficiency. The paper proposes a modern electric drive system using vector-controlled induction electric motors. The structure of the electromechanical system is given. A mathematical model of the electromechanical system was built using known methods. As part of the “MATLAB” Simulink application program package, a model for the investigation of dynamic modes of conveyor operation was obtained. On a specific example, a research of dynamic and static modes of conveyor operation with static load and the speed of movement variations of the traction element was carried out. Studies of the accuracy of working out the given law of motion showed that the maximum dynamic error in terms of speed and current is worked out in a time of up to 0.06 s. The maximum level of its amplitude does not exceed 0.33% of the constant speed of movement, which does not cause oscillatory processes in the conveyor and ensures stable operation of the electromechanical system. Investigation of the electromechanical system energy characteristics was conducted. Losses of active power do not exceed 12.5% of the consumed in the entire range of variation of the static load and speed of the traction element. Recommendations for the use of electromechanical systems with vector-controlled induction electric motors in belt-rope conveyors have been formulated.
USE OF THE 1-WIRE PROTOCOL IN SMART HOME COMPUTER SYSTEMS
Authors: STATSENKO Dmytro , STATSENKO Volodymyr , ROMANIUK Yevheniia , OSYPENKO Volodymyr ,   Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design
Published: April 2023

The article examines the computer systems used in the “Smart House”. A comparative analysis of these computer systems was carried out. It was emphasized that such systems have a number of advantages that have a positive impact on human life and safety. The use of temperature measuring devices is widely used in computer systems to monitor Smart Home conditions. The need to install a large number of sensors leads to an increase in the complexity of such computer systems. Protocols for connecting sensors to a microcontroller play an important role in system development. The analysis of the latest publications and studies provides information on the widespread use of the 1-Wire protocol in various fields to solve practical problems and the need for further improvement of systems using this protocol. Two simulation models of “Smart House” computer systems for determining indoor temperature based on the classic connection protocol and using the 1-Wire protocol are presented. The simulation model based on the standard protocol uses: an Arduino Uno board based on an Atmega328p microcontroller, LM35 temperature sensors and a 74HC4051D multiplexer. In the simulation model using the 1-Wire protocol, the following are used: Arduino Uno board and DS18B20 digital temperature sensors. Information is given on the operation of the 1-Wire protocol, which is widely used to connect a large number of sensors with such an interface, namely, there is a theoretical possibility of addressing an unlimited number of similar devices on a single-wire line. In the simulation model of the system with the used 1-Wire protocol, the number of sensors connected to one output is increased to 12 in order to analyze and demonstrate the capabilities of the system. According to the simulation results, the following parameters are presented: the number of possible connections, the complexity of the design, the use of compact software code, the frequency of the clock signal, and the cost of the Smart Home computer systems. The results of the analysis of the considered simulation models of computer systems are presented in the conclusions. Advantages and disadvantages of systems with 1-Wire protocol are given.
Features of the Formation of Artistic and Figurative Thinking of Students by Means of Sculpture as a Form of Fine Art
Authors:   Department of ", Motsenko Petro ,   Fine Arts",   of KhNPU named after G.S. Skovoroda, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Lypchanska Julia
Published: April 2023

Based on the analysis of scientific literary sources and based on the author's own experience, the author in the article pays attention to the development of sculpture in the modernity, its features, differences from other types of fine art forms. The relevance of the topic is due to the need to train of highly qualified art teachers who have effective teaching methods. One of the stages of such training is the development of spatial thinking among students of pedagogical universities in sculpture classes. This kind of art allows students to go beyond the plane of the page into three-dimensional space. Sculpture classes allow you to see the relationship of different objects with the landscape, air, and each other. The main types of sculpture are characterized, the historical path is described, the essence and specific means inherent in the art of sculpture are revealed and characterized inherent in the art of sculpture. The role of sculpture in the formation of the aesthetics of the environment. The ways of solving creative tasks by means of sculpture, the importance of sculpture in the educational process is highlighted, because students should be guided by the works of high art of both old classical masters and contemporary artists. Familiarization with the world's best works of painting and sculpture contributes to development of artistic and imaginative thinking, formation of students ‘sense of beauty, the ability to understand the beauty of not only art, but also the surrounding world and the surrounding world, the formation of imaginative and spatial thinking. The art of sculpture is characterized as an artistic and figurative reflection of life. It is substantiated how important this important branch of art is in the formation of creatively thinking specialists - artists, future teachers, and teachers of fine arts. It is also shown how sculpture is connected with other art forms, that are important for students who acquire knowledge in the field of fine arts, art, as well as with such disciplines as descriptive geometry drawing, and plastanatomy. It is highlighted how artworks, while decorating our lives, also contribute to the preservation of historical memory contribute to the preservation of the historical memory of peoples, being a kind of a constant in the time line. The work is addressed to scholars, employees of the system of higher artistic and pedagogical education, students.
American Mission in Afghanistan: Geopolitical Interests, Strategies and Reasons of Failure
Authors: Mishra Dr. Manoj Kumar
Published: April 2023

Afghanistan was considered a bridge to American geopolitical interests in Central Asia.In the late 1990s, the Taliban moved away from the American orbit of influence, the US policies based on democracy and human rights toward Central Asia failed and many diffused threats emerged as primary geopolitical challenges. As a consequence, the US interests and role in Central Asia received serious blows. The US looked for an overriding global threat around which it could organize its geopolitical interests. The al Qaeda’s attack on twin towers in the US in September 11, 2001 transformed terrorism into a threat with such global significance and the US’s militaristic approach culminated in the War on Terror. However, American post-9/11 mission in Afghanistan was hobbled by a series of challenges which became more complicated due to the overriding geopolitical thrust underpinning it. The geopolitical thrust of the mission not only hindered the US ability to grasp the unfolding security environment within Afghanistan, it raised obstacles for the great power in finding out proper strategies to fix the challenges. At last, the US had to end the mission that had goneawry and withdrew from Afghanistan leaving the country to the very groups those were previously considered and treated as insurgents.
Study of The Profile of Competencies of Civil Servants of Akmola Region
Authors:   Branch of the Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan in Akmola region, Iskendirova S. , Murzina S. ,   Branch of the Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan in Akmola region, Shalabayeva M. ,   Branch of the Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan in Akmola region
Published: April 2023

Kazakhstan has approved a model of competencies of a civil servant, which includes the following competencies: activity management, cooperation, decision-making, efficiency, self-development, integrity, responsibility, initiative, stress resistance, orientation to the consumer of services, informing consumers of services. The main aim of the study: to find out what competencies are most relevant for the development of civil servants, so that they meet the expectations and needs of the civil service. The article is devoted to the description of the methodology and discussion of the results obtained during the study using quantitative methods - questionnaires and interviews, during which the analysis of the current situation was carried out, the most popular competencies in the professional activities of civil servants were identified and a review of the literature on the implementation of the competence approach in the civil service was conducted. Thus, discrepancies in the expectations of managers from specialists, and the willingness of specialists to demonstrate professional competencies effectively, were revealed. Certain recommendations are also given on the formation of a profile of competencies of a civil servant, the assessment of competencies in admission to the civil service, as well as improving the organization of the training process during the period of advanced training and retraining of civil servants.
Public services in different countries of the world: a comparative analysis
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kadyrova R. , Kantarbayeva A. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Published: April 2023

The aim of this research is to study and compare public services in such countries of the world like England, USA, Singapore, South Korea, France, Germany, Canada, Finland, Russia. In this article, we have studied the state of public services in nine countries, which was made by the method of comparative analysis. In our benchmarking study, we used the 2020 United Nations Biennial Reviews, reports, regulations, and statistics. To study the state of public services in the countries we have identified, we used the following criteria for analysis: historical aspect, electronic services, legal norms, services in systems. We have analyzed and interpreted the historical process of creating public services and e-governments for each country; the historical developments of e-government for each country were explained; legal mechanisms in the analyzed countries are defined. The final part of the article presents some suggestions and recommendations for improving public services in the countries studied.
The impact of digital technologies on improving the efficiency of the financial market in Kazakhstan
Authors:   Caspian Public University, Kumarkhanova N. , Maulina N. ,   Academy of Logistics and Transport, Zholdasbaeva K. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Published: April 2023

The trend of digitalization of financial activity has accelerated worldwide. The consequence is a corresponding transformation, modernization of the financial industry, which is carried out thanks to digital technologies. This development of the traditional financial industry has given an impetus to the acceleration of "green" finance. The green financial industry in the era of digital transformation has provided Kazakhstan with the opportunity to accelerate its entry into the digital economy. In this connection, the study of this article presented a selection of regional panel data and the results of discussions on the effectiveness of the digital economy's impact on green financial investments in Kazakhstan. OLS panel data and the boundary model method were used. At the same time, a threshold model has been built using the regional scale of the industry and green financial audit as threshold variables. The characteristics of the digitalization of the country's economy, its effectiveness of green finance are used for analysis
Improving the methodology for assessing models of public debt management in Kazakhstan
Authors:   M.H.Dulati Taraz Regional University, Muratovа D. , Sarykulovа L. ,   M.H.Dulati Taraz Regional University, Abdykulova K. ,   M.H.Dulati Taraz Regional University
Published: April 2023

One of the macroeconomic instruments of state activity is the public debt. For the stable functioning of the state, the fulfillment of all strategic goals and the fulfillment of obligations assumed, the state attracts borrowed funds, distributing them to finance the relevant budget expenditure items. The state of public finances is influenced by numerous parameters of the country's macroeconomic policy, including, of course, the level of public debt, the policy of the state in terms of its management. In world practice, the use of government borrowing is widespread to ensure a balance of budget revenues and expenditures. State borrowing is inherent in all countries of the world, and this is the norm in current realities, and the Republic of Kazakhstan is no exception. The amount of public debt varies significantly from country to country. In some states, this is a significant ratio of public debt to GDP, while in others it is low. In this regard, the question of effective management of public debt and the impact of public debt on the economic security of the country logically arises. Effective public debt management assumes that the state has the ability to control the volume of its debt obligations, the main parameters of financial stability, such as the stability of the stock and financial markets, regulate economic processes, as well as establish the necessary norms and rules for the functioning of public debt.
Green Bonds in the Development of Sustainable Financing
Authors:   Caspian Public University, Gumar N. , Telagussova E. ,   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Omir A. ,   Eurasian Technological University
Published: April 2023

Considering the level of development of financial markets, their efficiency and economic growth rates, it is possible to draw conclusions about the state of national economies and the entire world economy as a whole. Given the strategic importance for economic development, investors and scientists have been considering, studying and analyzing numerous models for a long period of time in order to determine the vector of stock market instruments. To this day, this remains a difficult task. Stock market prices have become even more unpredictable. This is influenced by numerous factors, ranging from economic to specific. Real realities, crises and, accordingly, the volatility of stock markets require an immediate search for both flexible and effective investment tools and methods of forecasting them. The relevance of this study lies precisely in this. The ESG trend is interesting not only for investors. There is every opportunity to expand the offers, focusing on green bonds in order to further finance sustainable development projects.
The current state and structure of foreign direct investment in the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Demeuov N. , Yesdauletova A. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: April 2023

This paper presents a study related to the current state of investment activity development, which in the conditions of Kazakhstan is considered by the state as a strategically important vector. Based on a comprehensive literature review of sources in the field of economics, the relevant legislation the category of investments is being specified. The assessment of the current state of investment activity in the context of the sectors of the economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan was carried out by employing the method of comparative analysis. In the final part, the author reveals the key problems of implementing the Concept of the Investment Policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan until 2026, and also forms the main directions for overcoming them. Stimulation of investment activity in the Republic of Kazakhstan, according to the author, is directly related to the formation of a favorable investment climate and a change in the structure of foreign direct investment towards manufacturing industries.
The effectiveness of technology use based on “Smart city” concept
Authors:   «Esil» University, Mussabayeva A. , Mutaliyeva L. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Yuzbasioglu N. ,   Akdeniz university
Published: April 2023

Having introduced in the XX century, fast industrialization, emergence of intellectual technologies and the leap to mass digitalization have given an impetus to global urbanization. In turn, this process has changed city life. In order to maintain the connection and stability between the human and the environment, big data, information and communication technologies (ICT), sensory and innovation technologies, tools based on Internet of Things (IoT) and place of production has led new products and services to expand. The industrialization and urbanization processes required cities to be flexible for innovation technologies called “smart cities”. The article is devoted to study “smart city” phenomenon in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Number of approaches towards definitions of “smart city” has been analyzed, and the definition of “smart cities” has been proposed on 3 parameters. The purpose of the work is to identify the technology introduction and technology use peculiarities to solve city problems in Astana city. The result of innovation technology introduction is becoming more predictable, i.e. technology availability is not a key to become “the smart” city. The much more significant issue is whether the citizens use “technological and smart solution”, or it remains unnecessary. Consequences of technology introduction have been analyzed. In addition, the effectiveness of ICT use has been considered.
Affordability of housing in the global real estate markets
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Shalbolova U. , Mukayev D. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Aidargaliyeva N. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: April 2023

This paper provides an overview of housing affordability in the real estate markets of different countries. It also presents a literature review based on the results of foreign studies and analysis of housing affordability in foreign property markets. The authors selected numerical values of housing affordability indices from 50 countries from various sources. A comparative analysis of ranked indicators was conducted. In addition, a dataset on housing affordability was collected through sampling, taking into account the possibilities of obtaining mortgage loans in 86 countries. In order to conduct a comparative analysis, all countries studied were divided into three groups, depending on the level of economic development of each country. In order to substantiate the results of the study, an additional analysis of housing costs in the real estate markets of 26 countries is carried out, recording the highest prices for one square metre of total living space.
The Sabbath in the Pentateuch: an Exegetical and Theological Study
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, Frey Mathilde
Published: April 2023

Many studies have explored the seventh-day Sabbath in the Pentateuch from historical-critical, theological, and historical perspectives. However, systematic contextual exegesis and close reading of the pentateuchal Sabbath texts have been neglected. This dissertation investigates literary features of these passages in their respective contexts and develops an integrated Sabbath theology from the viewpoint of the Pentateuch as a whole. In chapter 1, an overview of literature on the biblical Sabbath introduces the topic and describes the methodology of the study. Chapters 2 to 5 explore specific contextual, stylistic, and linguistic elements of the pentateuchal Sabbath pericopes, which contribute to expression of their theological concepts. Chapter 2 analyzes the creation Sabbath (Gen 2:1-3). Chapter 3 investigates other narrative passages involving the Sabbath (Exod 16:1-36 and Num 15:32-36). Chapter 4 examines Sabbath laws (Exod 20:8-11; 23:12; 34:21; Deut 5:12-15). Chapter 5 focuses on the Sabbath in the context of the sanctuary (Exod 31:12-17; 35:2-3; Lev 23:3; 24:5-9; Num 28:9, 10). In chapter 6, a summary of the various literary features of the Sabbath texts and their interrelatedness leads to synthesis of theological aspects of the Sabbath. Chapter 7 presents the overall results of the study. The Sabbath encapsulates and reveals God's presence in the world, regardless of its nature and condition. The Sabbath was introduced by divine cessation from work in order for holiness to enter the world for the benefit of all humanity. Holiness is the essence of the divine-human relationship, which enables human beings to fully become what they were created to be: the image of the Creator. In its rhythmic recurrence, the Sabbath signifies the Creator's constant presence in the world and his care for it. Since the Fall into sin, the Sabbath liberates people from oppressive regimes of man-made gods; it places them in proper relationships with each other; it relieves their attitude toward work in a society exhausted and stressed by hard labor; and it testifies to the sacred design in time and space whereby they can recognize and emulate the Maker of all. Thus the Sabbath is an important part of God's program for restoring imago Dei in fallen human beings.
A Comparison of the Incremental Rehearsal Method, the Pocket Word Method, and Repeated Reading Instructional-Level Text on the Word Retention, Words Read Per Minute, and Comprehension of First-Grade Students
Authors:   ,   Andrews University, MacQuarrie Lara
Published: April 2023

As partial fulfillment of a doctoral degree in Educational Leadership, a retrospective, multi-element study was performed. The study compared the Incremental Rehearsal method (IR) and the Pocket Word method (PW) to each other and to Repeated Reading (within Instructional Level [RR-IL] by individually teaching words from the Dolch Word List to first-grade students. The effects of IR, PW, and RR-IL on the word retention, reading accuracy, words read per minute, passage retell, and aided comprehension of seven first-grade students were compared. The Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (4th edition) and the Dolch Word List were administered prior to intervention. The three conditions were administered at a rate of a single intervention every 24 hours (Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday) in order to counterbalance the intervention effects. Word retention, reading accuracy, and words read per minute were assessed at 24 hours and 7 days after each condition. Reliability of the administration was assessed by a school psychologist. The findings demonstrate an increase in the total number of words retained from pre-measure to post-measure on the Dolch Word List for each individual student and across all students. A visual analysis of individual cumulative data showed an increase for each student, an increase for all students, and confirmed the differentiation of conditions between the IR and PW method from the RR-IL method. As such, positive effects were found for the IR and PW methods for word retention at 1 and 7 days for each student and across students. The IR method demonstrated differentiation from PW and RR-IL for words read correctly in text. Limitations, observations, and recommendations for further study are discussed.