bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High-resolution palaeohydrological reconstruction of central Italy during the Holocene
Authors: Marchegiano Marta , Francke Alexander , Gliozzi Elsa , Wagner Bernd , Ariztegui Daniel
Published: December 2018

The endorheic nature of Lake Trasimeno in combination with its position in central Italy makes it a relevant site to better constrain spatial differences in Holocene climatic variability in the Mediterranean area. Herein, we present a high-resolution ostracod record from the Holocene section of an 8.59-m-long sedimentary core, which is compared with historical data to distinguish anthropogenic and climatic signals. The occurrence, abundance and vanishing of ostracod species are directly controlled by lake-level variations, which are in turn related to global and regional climatic changes (i.e. moisture variations). The total organic carbon content as well as observed lithological changes provide additional information about Lake Trasimeno’s hydrological and trophic conditions in the past. Most important variations have been identified at ca. 10,000 cal. yr BP, when the lacustrine basin changed from a temporary to a permanent waterbody (from Sarsicypridopsis aculeata to Candona angulata association). The highest lake level and the total absence of ostracods occur at around 9000 cal. yr BP. The recorded humid phase persisted up to ca. 4200 cal yr BP since when a lake-level decreasing trend started and continued until the present day ( Candona angulata, Cyprideis torosa and Darvinula stevensoni associations). The frequency of changes in the relative abundance of the main species shows centennial variations (i.e. C. angulata, C. torosa and Darvinula stevensoni). As historical evidences yield that human interventions to control the lake level remained unsuccessful in the past, Lake Trasimeno records an almost pristine climatic signal during most of the Holocene, which is quite unusual in the highly populated Mediterranean area.
Measurement and Convergence of China’s Regional Innovation Capability
Authors: Ze-Lei Xiao , Ru-Guo Fan , Xin-Ya Du
Published: December 2018

Regional economic differences occur in China; narrowing such differences requires solving the issues of regional innovation differences, which consist of innovation capability difference, innovation difference in structure and innovation efficiency difference. Additionally, regional innovation capability disparity is important to explain the imbalances between regional and international economic development. Thus, from the perspective of hi-tech industries, this study adopts the Theil index to analyse innovation capability difference and its evolution law in China and its five regions in 1998–2015 to explain the reasons for the differences in regional innovation capability on the spatial and factorial levels. Then convergence of innovation capability on different space scales is analysed by adopting the spatial panel of the β convergence model.
The Challenges of Institutional Distance: Data Privacy Issues in Cloud Computing
Authors: Abed Yashar , Chavan Meena
Published: December 2018

Data protection and data privacy are significant challenges in cloud computing for multinational corporations. There are no standard laws to protect data across borders. The institutional and regulatory constraints and governance differ across countries. This article explores the challenges of institutional constraints faced by cloud computing service providers in regard to data privacy issues across borders. Through a qualitative case study methodology, this research compares the institutional structure of a few host countries, with regard to data privacy in cloud computing and delineates a relative case study. This article will also review the cloud computing legal frameworks and the history of cloud computing to make the concept more comprehensible to a layman.
Another Side of the Coin: Exchange Rate Movements and the Manufacturing Sector in Nigeria
Authors: Orji Anthony , Ogbuabor Jonathan E. , Okeke Chiamaka , Anthony-Orji Onyinye I.
Published: December 2018

This study estimated the impact of exchange rate (EXCH) movements on the manufacturing sector in Nigeria over the period 1981–2016. Time series data and ordinary least square (OLS) estimation technique were employed in this study to address the specified objective. The variables analysed were EXCH, manufacturing GDP (MGDP), government capital expenditure, foreign direct investment (FDI), credit to private sector and value of imports. From the result, it is apparent that EXCH movements play a significant role in the manufacturing sector’s performance in Nigeria. Specifically, the findings showed that EXCH, government capital expenditure (GCEXP), imports and FDI were positively related to MGDP, while credit to private sector was negatively related. Among others, the study recommends that the apex bank keep a closer watch on EXCH developments in order to keep formulating up-to-date policies that will ultimately enhance EXCH stability. This will largely contribute to the development of the manufacturing sector in the short and long run.

JEL Classification: D51, F31, Q24
Nanomedicine regulation in Australia
Authors: Rahim Mia M
Published: December 2018

The relative benefits and risks of nanomedicine have led to global indecisiveness regarding a suitable approach for regulation of this industry, and Australia is no exception. This article proposes a meta-regulation approach for regulating nanomedicine in Australia, demonstrating how this approach enables companies to surpass their compliance requirements and improve stakeholders’ capacity to deal with the inherent uncertainty surrounding the emergent science of nanotechnology.
Robo-debt illegality: The seven veils of failed guarantees of the rule of law?
Authors: Carney Terry
Published: December 2018

This article asks how rule of law institutions failed to ‘bell the cat’ on the illegality of Centrelink's robo-debt programme and its unethical character. It identifies serious structural deficiencies in the design of accountability and remedial avenues at seven different levels. It argues for adherence to Administrative Review Council guidelines on machine learning, Parliamentary accounting of Ombudsman and Audit agencies on rule of law foundations and model litigant protocols, attention to ethical administration, redacted publication of selected first tier Administrative Appeals Tribunal rulings, contractual guarantees of independence in legal aid/advocacy funding, building of pro bono advocacy partnerships, and cultural change designed to counter stigmatisation of the vulnerable.
Cultural Perspectives on Tobacco Use and Cessation Among Chinese American Immigrants: A Community-Engaged Qualitative Study
Authors: Katigbak Carina , Maglalang Dale Dagar , Chao Ying-Yu , Au Helen , Liang Winnie , Zuo Sai
Published: December 2018

Introduction: Tobacco use is a preventable cause of death among ethnic minorities. Chinese Americans have high smoking rates and underutilize evidence-based cessation therapies. Community members’ perspectives on tobacco use and cessation may help bridge treatment gaps and ensure that cessation approaches are aligned with cultural values. Methods: Focus group methods were used to explore cultural factors influencing tobacco use and cessation among 50 Chinese immigrants. Emerging themes were identified using thematic analysis. Results: The three emerging themes are (a) tobacco use is influenced by Chinese American immigrants’ socioecological environment, (b) self-discipline determines the ability to quit, and (c) complex family dynamics influence quitting. Discussion: Cessation approaches framed within cultural perspectives may help bridge treatment gaps. Innovations such as leveraging soft technologies that are widely used in the community may extend the reach of health promotion campaigns and treatments.
A Feasibility Study of Muslim Cancer Survivors’ Experience in the United States: Recruitment and Data Collection
Authors: Alaloul Fawwaz , Polivka Barbara J. , Warraich Sadaf , Andrykowski Michael A.
Published: December 2018

Background: Studies with U.S. Muslims have had difficulty recruiting participants. Method: This article, which was part of a larger qualitative study, aimed to describe the effectiveness of targeted recruitment and data collection strategies in Muslim cancer survivors. The purpose of the larger qualitative study was to gain an understanding of the experiences of Muslim cancer survivors in the United States. Four recruitment approaches were implemented to determine timeliness, diversity in respondents, and success in completing the interview. Results: Eighteen Muslim cancer survivors participated (12 males, 6 females). Ten Muslim participants were identified by community leaders, two by posted flyers, four using social media, and two by a physician. No burden was voiced by participants related to length, time, or location of interviews. Discussion: We demonstrated the feasibility of recruiting and interviewing Muslim cancer survivors. Using culturally sensitive approaches is important to encourage recruitment and participation in studies of Muslim cancer survivors.
Applying Mindfulness to Benefit Economically Disadvantaged Families: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Lo Herman H. M. , Wong Janet Y. H. , Wong Simpson W. L. , Wong Samuel Y. S. , Choi C. W. , Ho Rainbow T. H. , Fong Ricci W. T. , Snel Eline
Published: December 2018

Objective:

To evaluate the effects of family-based mindfulness intervention (FBMI) to promote the stress management and early development of economically disadvantaged families.

Method:

Families receiving social security allowance and full textbook allowance and with children aged 5–7 were recruited. Participants were randomized to an FBMI with parallel programs for parents and children ( n = 51) and to a wait-list control condition ( n = 51).

Results:

Intent-to-treat analyses showed more significant improvements in child attention, self-regulation, and in parenting stress, in the intervention group than in the control group. At-risk group analyses showed that the high stress group benefited in small to moderate effect sizes in parenting stress and depression, and in moderate to large effect sizes in child behavioral problem and self-regulation.

Conclusions:

The results provide preliminary support that FBMI can alleviate the impact of economic disadvantage. FBMI should be applied in social work practice to support disadvantaged families.
Common Bacterial and Viral Infections: Review of Management in the Pregnant Patient
Authors: Rac Hana , Gould Alyssa P. , Eiland Lea S. , Griffin Brooke , McLaughlin Milena , Stover Kayla R. , Bland Christopher M. , Bookstaver P. Brandon
Published: December 2018

Objective: To review the treatment of common bacterial and viral infections occurring in the pregnant patient. Data Sources: A literature search of MEDLINE was performed (inception to October 2018). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website was utilized for additional information. Study Selection and Data Extraction: Relevant English-language studies and those conducted in humans were considered. Data Synthesis: β-Lactams alone or in combination are the preferred treatment for many common infections in pregnancy, such as urinary tract infections, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), gonococcal infections, syphilis, chancroid, upper- and lower-respiratory-tract infections, certain gastrointestinal infections, Group B Streptococcus, listeriosis, and intrauterine inflammation or infection. Macrolides, particularly azithromycin, are also utilized for the treatment of PID, chlamydia, gonococcal infections, chancroid, community-acquired pneumonia, and certain gastrointestinal infections. Other antibiotics or antivirals such as vancomycin, aminoglycosides, metronidazole, nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin, acyclovir, valacyclovir, and oseltamivir are included in the preferred therapy for some common bacterial and viral infections in pregnant patients as well. Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice: This review synthesizes available evidence of treatments of common infections in pregnancy and provides a concise summary to guide clinicians on empirical treatment during pregnancy. Conclusions: There are limited data on clinical outcomes in pregnant patients with common bacterial and viral infections. Empirical management decisions require balance of benefit and risk to both mother and infant. Although few clinical practice guidelines have quality evidence for strong recommendations in this population, clinicians should weigh antimicrobial dosing, pharmacokinetics, safety, and established effectiveness to optimize antimicrobial therapy in pregnancy.
Cost-Utility Study of the Economics of Bunion Correction Surgery
Authors: Sutherland Jason M. , Mok Janice , Liu Guiping , Crump Trafford , Wing Kevin , Younger Alastair , Penner Murray , Veljkovic Andrea
Published: December 2018

Background:

Bunion correction surgery is a very common procedure to improve patients’ pain and physical function attributable to a misaligned first metatarsophalangeal joint. The objective of this study was to apply a health utility framework to estimate the cost utility of bunion correction surgery.

Methods:

Patients were prospectively recruited from the population of patients seen in a lower-extremity orthopedic clinic and scheduled for isolated bunion surgery. Participants completed EuroQoL’s EQ-5D(3L) to measure patients’ current general health preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively. Participants’ change in quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) were calculated by comparing the difference between postoperative utility values and preoperative utility values. The study had 95 patients representing 53% of eligible patients.

Results:

The mean preoperative utility value was 0.6816 and the mean postoperative value was 0.7451, a statistically significant difference denoting an improvement in self-reported health. The cost per QALY, assuming gains in health accrued for 15 years, was $4911 (the 95% confidence interval ranged from $4736 to $5088). The cost per QALY was highest among the oldest patients. Assuming gains in health accrued for 20 years, the cost per QALY was $3922.

Conclusion:

This study demonstrated that bunion correction surgery was inexpensive relative to its gains in health compared with commonly applied thresholds for women and men in all age groups, though the gains were not uniformly distributed across age categories. Future research should examine the impact of recurrence on the robustness of these findings.

Level of Evidence:

Level III, comparative study.
Understanding and Addressing Women’s Use of Force in Intimate Relationships: A Retrospective
Authors: Larance Lisa Young , Goodmark Leigh , Miller Susan L. , Dasgupta Shamita Das
Published: December 2018

This article surveys an evolving understanding of women’s use of force in their intimate heterosexual relationships. It explores the common characteristics of women who use force and, using an intersectional lens, considers the experiences of women in marginalized communities. It also examines how the legal response to intimate partner violence has affected this population. In addition, the development of and best practices in community-based gender-responsive programming for women’s use of force in their intimate heterosexual relationships are overviewed. In conclusion, this work identifies challenges that still exist in effectively responding to women’s use of force.
Antibody response to feline panleukopenia virus vaccination in cats with asymptomatic retrovirus infections: a pilot study
Authors: Bergmann Michèle , Schwertler Stephanie , Speck Stephanie , Truyen Uwe , Hartmann Katrin
Published: December 2018

Objectives

Currently, there are only a few studies on how immunocompromised cats, such as cats infected with feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), respond to vaccination. Therefore, this study measured feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) antibodies in retrovirus-infected cats within a period of 28 days after FPV vaccination, and compared the immune response to that of non-infected cats.

Methods

Eight asymptomatic retrovirus-infected cats (four FeLV, four FIV), and non-infected age-matched control cats (n = 67) were vaccinated with a commercial FPV modified live virus (MLV). Pre- and post-vaccination antibody titres were measured by haemagglutination inhibition (HI) on days 0, 7 and 28. An HI titre ⩾1:40 was defined as protective. An adequate response to vaccination was defined as a four-fold titre increase or higher. Comparison of the immune response of retrovirus-infected and non-infected cats was performed.

Results

Pre-vaccination FPV antibody titres ⩾1:40 were present in 100% (n = 8/8; 95% confidence interval [CI] 62.8–100) of retrovirus-infected and in 77.6% (n = 52/67; 95% CI 66.2–86.0) of non-infected cats. An adequate response to vaccination (titre increase ⩾four-fold) was seen in 1/8 retrovirus-infected cats (12.5%; 95% CI 0.1–49.2) compared with 22/67 non-infected cats (32.8%; 95% CI 22.8–44.8). In cats with high pre-vaccination titres (⩾1:160), a four-fold titre increase or higher was observed in 1/8 retrovirus infected cats (12.5%; 95% CI 0.1–49.2) compared with 4/42 non-infected cats (9.5%; 95% CI 3.2–22.6). None of the eight retrovirus-infected cats developed illness or vaccination side effects after vaccination with MLV against FPV within the 28 days. There were no significant differences between groups: for pre-vaccination titres; for at least four-fold titre increases following vaccination in either all cats or the cats with high pre-vaccination titres; and concerning adverse effects.

Conclusions and relevance

All retrovirus-infected asymptomatic cats had pre-vaccination FPV antibodies indicating protection against panleukopenia. Response of retrovirus-infected cats to vaccination was similar to the response of non-infected cats.
On the Search for Social Esteem: An Ethnography on the Meanings of Football for Marginalized Male Migrants
Authors: Müller Johannes , Mutz Michael
Published: December 2018

Following Honneth’s theorizing on social esteem and based on ethnographic accounts, this study argues that sporting practices are of crucial importance for marginalized young men’s social and self-esteem. The material presented shows the following: (a) these youths suffer from spoiled identities and negative self-images due to educational failure and perceived inferior social positions; (b) they see sporting activities as a legitimate cultural sphere, where excellent skills are recognized and valued not only by their families and friends, but also by the society as whole; (c) ethnographic observations and interviews show the staging of sportiness at urban football grounds and (d) how these performances translate into various forms of social esteem, for example, athletic dominance, masculine honour and fellowship. It is concluded that for these youths, sporting activities at urban football grounds become the most important practice for securing social esteem, allowing to compensate for perceived failure in other social domains, most notably the educational domain.
Margin-Controlled, Staged Surgical Excision in the Treatment of High-Risk Basal Cell Carcinomas of the Head and Neck Region
Authors: Durmus Ucar Ayse Nigar , Durmus Kocaaslan Fatma Nihal , Salman Andac , Demirkesen Cuyan , Erdem Bayram Filiz , Bayramicli Mehmet
Published: December 2018

Background:

The most common skin cancer is basal cell carcinoma (BCC), and the gold-standard treatment for high-risk tumours is Mohs surgery. However, alternative methods are needed for high-risk tumours in countries where the performance rate of Mohs surgery is low.

Objectives:

The objective of this article is to investigate the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of margin-controlled, staged surgical excision (MCSSE) in high-risk tumours as a possible treatment alternative.

Methods:

A retrospective cohort study, including patients diagnosed with high-risk BCC in the head and neck region and treated with MCSSE between 2003 and 2010, was conducted.

Results:

During the study period 50 tumours in 47 patients were treated, with low adverse event rates and high patient satisfaction rates. Of the 50 tumours, 1 recurred at the 12-month follow-up.

Conclusions:

Despite the small sample size and relatively short follow-up period, the present study shows that MCSSE might be a feasible alternative for the treatment of high-risk BCCs in institutions where Mohs surgery is not performed. Future studies on long-term recurrence rates are needed.
The Kintsugi Art of Care: Unraveling Consent in Ethical Non-Monogamies
Authors: Gusmano Beatrice
Published: December 2018

Making a contribution to the sociology of intimacy, this article aims to present how lesbian, gay, bisexual, transsexual, and queer people live their ethical non-monogamous relationships in Italy. Giving great space to the concept of consent through the literature on the ethics of care, I will refer to different conceptualizations of critical consent given by feminist and BDSM communities, spaces in which ethics is based on unveiling power structures through the focus on consent. In fact, the centrality of the collective dimension in embracing ethical non-monogamies appears fundamental, challenging the self-help – and neoliberal – literature according to which polyamory is just a personal choice. Afterwards, I will deepen the concept of care, developing it through its means of communication, attentiveness, responsibility, and responsiveness within relationships. Presented this way, care recognizes us all as interdependent: at the same time, care-givers and care-receivers. I suggest that this interdependency is symbolized by the kintsugi, the Japanese art of repairing broken pottery with a mix of golden powder, a representation of the manifold matrix of care, composed of care-giving, care-receiving, and care for oneself.
Young children’s drawings: A methodological tool for data analysis
Authors: Deguara Josephine
Published: December 2018

Children’s drawings have been analysed in research for several decades, frequently using a narrative style. This article introduces an innovative methodological tool to analyse young children’s drawings. Taking a social semiotics perspective, the aim of this tool is not to replace narrative analysis but to complement it. The study was conducted with three 4-year-old children who were encouraged to draw freely at home and at school. The discussion begins by examining how the form of the drawing, that is, the type and quantity of the modes children used, was analysed; this is followed by an analysis of the content, that is, the type and quantity of the themes, the children drew. Consequently, a data cross-grid was developed, where a total of 223 drawings were plotted across three separate data cross-grids – one for each child. Once all the drawings were plotted, the three grids provided a different way of looking and interpreting the drawings. While noting the limitations of the study, it is concluded that the data cross-grids provide an instantaneous graphical impression of each child’s preferred semiotic (modes) and configuration (themes) styles, which reflect each child’s unique personality and identity as a drawer. Ultimately, such a tool could be used by practitioners and researchers to understand the children’s preferred ways of drawing. It can also be adapted and modified to analyse other modes children use such as playing, drawing, and movement.
Generative listening: Using arts-based inquiry to investigate young children’s perspectives of inclusion, exclusion and disability
Authors: Cologon Kathy , Cologon Timothy , Mevawalla Zinnia , Niland Amanda
Published: December 2018

While the importance of inclusive approaches to research has been identified, much childhood research is still done ‘to’ not ‘with’ young children, with research focusing on the experiences of children who experience disability commonly involving data from parents/families/practitioners, rather than from children themselves. In this article, we explore the development of an arts-based research project involving young children who experience disability as active participants in an exploration of their perspectives on inclusive education. Accordingly, we ruminate on questions about how we can genuinely ‘listen’ to children who experience disability in an aesthetic and ethical manner, and how we can use artistic ways of knowing to engage in meaning-making with children. Using arts-based research as an aesthetic framework alongside insights from critical pedagogy as a theoretical framework, we explore ‘aesthetic’ approaches to being, teaching, researching and knowing. As a team of researchers who do and do not experience disability, we share reflections on arts-based methodologies informed by critical approaches to conceptualising disability and research. As artistic modes of expression are central to young children’s everyday lives and play and can create enjoyable and safe communicative spaces, we share dialogues, artwork and methodological reflections on opportunities for children to choose ways of interacting and communicating, allowing possibilities for agency, expression and creativity. Specifically, we conceptualise and concentrate on possibilities for using arts to foster ‘listening’, meaning-making and generative or transformative praxis, in order to explore how arts-based research can be a powerful, authentic, ethical and meaningful provocateur for listening ‘generatively’ to young children who experience disability in research.
Prevalence of Interpersonal Violence Among Latinas: A Systematic Review
Authors: Gonzalez Frances R. , Benuto Lorraine T. , Casas Jena B.
Published: December 2018

Violence against women continues to be a great concern in today’s society. In the United States, women experience high rates of interpersonal violence throughout their lifetime. Among Latinas, interpersonal violence is also highly prevalent however the wide variation of interpersonal prevalence rates among Latinas is problematic. The aims of this systematic review of the literature were to (1) document the prevalence rates of violence among Latinas, (2) determine the types of violence that Latinas are most impacted by, and (3) assess the prevalence rates of interpersonal across Latina subethnicities. The research was based on seven databases including PsycArticles, PsycCRITIQUES, PsycINFO, ScienceDirect, Social Services Abstracts, Social Work Abstracts, and PubMED for articles published from January 2007 up to July 2017. The following key words were used in the search: (Latinas OR Latinos OR Hispanics) AND (victim OR victimization) AND (domestic violence OR intimate partner violence OR Interpersonal Violence). We identified 41 articles in our search that reported rates of interpersonal violence which ranged from 1% to 83% with intimate partner violence and domestic violence being the most prevalent. Interpersonal violence was found to be more prevalent among individuals who identified as Mexican. Based on the findings, it is clear that efforts should be focused on conducting a lager national survey of interpersonal violence among Latinas. It would need to include subethnicity, immigration status, and type of abuse experienced and possibly add socioeconomic factors.
Big Boys Don’t Cry: A Critical Interpretive Synthesis of Male Sexual Victimization
Authors: Depraetere Joke , Vandeviver Christophe , Beken Tom Vander , Keygnaert Ines
Published: December 2018

Sexual victimization is typically presented as a gender-based problem involving a female victim and a male offender. Science, policy, and society focus on female victims at the expense of male victims. Male sexual victimization is thus understudied compared with female sexual victimization. By performing a critical interpretive synthesis of research papers, policy documents, and gray literature ( N = 67) published in four electronic databases from January 2000 through September 2017, this article establishes the prevalence of male sexual victims and the causes that underlie the underrepresentation of this group in existing research and current policy. The prevalence rates of male sexual victims vary considerably, with up to 65% of men reporting sexual victimization. The underrepresentation of male victims was found to be rooted in prevailing gender roles and accepted sexual scripts in society, together with rape myths and stereotypical rape scripts. The former prescribes men as the dominant and sexually active gender. The latter denies male sexual victimization and frames women as “ideal victims.” Combined, these prevailing societal perceptions of men, male sexuality, and sexual victimization prevent men from self-identifying as victims and inhibit them from seeking help to cope with the adverse consequences of sexual victimization. Addressing the gender differences in sexual victimization requires societal and political changes that challenge prevailing stereotypical perceptions of sexual victims. Such changes could result in improved support services for male sexual victims.
To Smoke or Not To Smoke: Cigarettes Have a Negative Effect on Wound Healing of Diabetic Foot Ulcers
Authors: Álvaro-Afonso Francisco Javier , Lázaro-Martínez José Luis , Papanas Nikolaos
Published: December 2018

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) have a complex pathophysiology and require an expert multidisciplinary treatment. There are several, both systemic and local, risk factors for DFUs. A recent meta-analysis of 18 studies has now provided robust evidence on the detrimental effect of smoking on healing of DFUs. Indeed, healing rates were consistently lower among smokers than among nonsmokers. Based on this new evidence, it is reasonable to consider the utility of smoking cessation programs. Incorporation of the latter into the holistic therapeutic strategy for DFUs may be anticipated to improve healing rates, but this remains to be shown.
Biologics in Microangiopathic Wounds
Authors: Papi Massimo , Papi Claudia
Published: December 2018

In the last decades the possibility to diagnose a skin ulcer has greatly improved. We learnt that a consistent percentage of nonhealing ulcers may be caused by a microangiopathic disorder that has not been properly investigated and cured. Pathogenetically, we can distinguish 2 main groups: (1) ulcers due to inflammatory microangiopathy, mainly including cutaneous small and medium vessel vasculitis, pyoderma gangrenosum, and connective tissue diseases, and (2) ulcers due to occlusive microangiopathy. The group of microangiopathic occlusive ulcers is more heterogeneous and includes different disorders ranging from livedo vasculopathy to calciphylaxis, hydroxyurea-induced ulcers, antiphospholipid antibodies ulcers, and various other types. These conditions can induce thromboses or anatomo-functional occlusion of cutaneous microvessels. Despite different physiopathologic mechanisms, the ulcer resulting from a primitive microangiopathy may receive basic treatments that are in the complex similar to other pathogenetically different wounds, including MOIST-based local therapy and elastic compression when it is not contraindicated. Persistent inflammatory processes are increasingly demonstrated as responsible for the chronicity of many skin ulcers. New data concerning the biological phases of wound healing and the molecules that play crucial roles in this process suggested the use of new specific therapies. Some of them such as growth factors and platelet-rich plasma are prevalently used as topical biologic agents with variable benefits. In recent years, a new class of systemic anti-inflammatory molecules, better known as biologic drugs, have been introduced in the cure of chronic inflammatory diseases that can induce microangiopathic injuries and ulcerative complication. They enlarged the therapeutic options in case of nonresponder microangiopathic ulcers and could represent a future model of “pathogenetically based” therapy of skin ulcers.
Principals and stress: Few coping strategies for abundant stressors
Authors: Mahfouz Julia
Published: December 2018

Various job demands continue to be very stressing and exhausting for school administrators who have to work under unprecedented pressure. This qualitative study explores the various stressors school administrators experience and the coping strategies they utilize to manage their stress. Findings show that the various stressors experienced by the school administrators do affect their job performance and their own wellbeing. Principals mentioned three main types of stressors related to work, relationships and time. They also experienced some unpleasant feelings in response to these stressors such as guilt, a sense of unfairness, loneliness, or disappointment. However, their coping strategies comprised of spending time with loved ones and having an outlet outside work. Implications for social emotional skills-based professional development programmes for school administrators are discussed.
Twitter diplomacy between India and the United States: Agenda-building analysis of tweets during presidential state visits
Authors: O’Boyle Jane
Published: December 2018

This analysis examines Twitter comments from the United States and India (N = 11,532) during reciprocal state visits by Prime Minister Narendra Modi and President Barack Obama. Results show the most retweets in both countries were generated from the White House and from The Times of India, reflecting agenda-building effects. The American comments had more individual sources and they were far more negative about Obama than about Modi, unlike the Indian comments. Discussion addresses implications for global public diplomacy and international effects of government agenda-building.
Non-committal memory: The ambivalent inclusion of Romani suffering under National Socialism in hegemonic cultural memory
Authors: Benedik Stefan
Published: December 2018

This article compares the place of Romani migrants in contemporary Austrian society to their position in memory debates. It analyses official forms of commemoration which had the intentions not only to remember the victims of past atrocities, but also included a normative, moral aspect – namely, the promise that memory of past injustice would somehow be a useful device against racism, injustice and discrimination in the present day. In this understanding, history, especially the history of National Socialism would ideally teach societies valuable lessons about the treatment of minorities, thus also the Romani communities, in the present. While this still is the predominant political discourse about these forms of memory, the author suggests that memory culture can by contrast be described by what he refers to as non-committal memory. He argues, that when looking at Central European examples, it immediately becomes transparent that memory is only applied in abstract discussions while all immediate connections between contemporary discrimination and historical suffering are neglected. Thus, non-committal memory disconnects present and past policies, and delegitimises a comparison between the persecution of past victim groups and the criminalisation of present-day migrants. The author contends that this is visible by the fact that the majority of memorials that honour Romani victims of National Socialism (in Austria, but also across much of Europe) fail to include or contribute to an understanding of the plight of contemporary Romani people, especially Romani migrants. Arguably, this resulted from the strategies by which activists decided to copy memory politics related to Jewish victims of National Socialism as a ‘successful’ model of integration.
Outcome of Second-Ray Pathologies Following Weil Osteotomy in Patients Treated for Hallux Valgus
Authors: Young Ki Won , Lee Hong Seop , Park Ki Chol
Published: December 2018

Background: We hypothesized that the cause of second-ray pathology with hallux valgus is excessive relative length of the second metatarsal and performed Weil osteotomy to shorten it, with correction of hallux valgus. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the outcome of second-ray pathology after distal chevron osteotomy (DCO) with Weil osteotomy to correct metatarsal parabola. Methods: We performed concomitant Weil osteotomy of the second metatarsal with DCO of the first metatarsal as part of hallux valgus with second-ray pathology correction surgery in 45 feet (40 patients). Second-ray pathologies were claw toe deformity, painful plantar callosity, second metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) dislocation, and osteoarthritis (OA) of the second MTPJ. We measured projection of the second metatarsal (PSM), metatarsal protrusion index (MPI), and metatarsal protrusion distance (MPD). The second-ray surgery outcome was assessed by patient satisfaction. Results: Patient satisfaction was good in claw toe deformity and OA (satisfaction rate: 60% [23 patients] and 71% [7 patients], respectively) and fair in painful plantar callosity and second MTP joint dislocation (satisfaction rate: 44% [9 patients] and 33% [6 patients], respectively). Total patient satisfaction rate was higher when the PSM, MPI, and MPD ranged between 7 and 12 mm, −5 and 0 mm, and 0 and 4 mm, respectively. Conclusions: We concluded that simultaneous performance of hallux valgus correction and Weil osteotomy in patients with second-ray pathologies associated with hallux valgus was safe as well as effective. Correcting the metatarsal parabola within the appropriate range after surgery is associated with second-ray pathology outcome.

Levels of Evidence: Therapeutic studies, Level VI: Case series
Power of the Past, Celebrate the Present, Force of the Future Part 4: 50 Years of School Nursing Practice—From Then Until Now
Authors: Mattey Beth
Published: December 2018

This article is the fourth in the series examining 50 years of NASN’s history. It looks at the needs of our students and the practice of school nursing from 1968 through 2018 using the structure provided by NASN Framework for 21st Century School Nursing Practice™. The article examines the destiny of school nursing practice as determined by the needs of our students, the strength and resolve of school nurses, and the education and resources provided by NASN.
Hypersensitivity reactions to folic acid: Three case reports and a review of the literature
Authors: Nucera Eleonora , Aruanno Arianna , Mezzacappa Simona , Pascolini Lucilla , Buonomo Alessandro , Schiavino Domenico
Published: December 2018

Adverse reactions to folic acid are an extremely uncommon condition; we present three cases of hypersensitivity to folic acid with different symptomatic manifestations. In the first and second cases, we made the diagnosis of IgE-mediate-type allergy to folic acid, while in the third one, we found a fixed drug eruption to folic acid.
Practice Transformation: Using Team-Based Care Training to Improve Diabetes Outcomes
Authors: Bilello Lori A. , Scuderi Christopher , Haddad Charles J. , Smotherman Carmen , Shahady Edward
Published: December 2018

Background: One of the key factors of the patient-centered medical home (PCMH) transformation require shifting mental models at the individual level and culture change at the practice level on how clinicians and support staff work together. This culture shift requires a reeducation on the roles and communication strategies within the medical practice. The objective of this project was to implement a team-based care training program based on the AHRQ TeamSTEPPS framework in 6 primary care practices affiliated with a Primary Care Practice Based Research Network to increase communication and performance of the care teams. Methods: Clinicians and staff from these sites received external facilitation by a certified TeamSTEPPS master trainer, who is a physician specializing in diabetes care, over a 1-year period. An analysis of their established diabetes patients’ hemoglobin A1c and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol before the training program and posttraining was performed using the paired t test and verified using the Wilcoxon sign rank test. Results: There was a statistically significant decrease in the mean hemoglobin A1c levels from 7.48% to 7.32% ( P < .001) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol from 92.34 to 88.34 mg/dL ( P = .002) for all the practices combined but only 3 practices saw significant improvement individually. Conclusions: Even though the practices participating in this training are PCMHs and are part of a larger primary care network, they have achieved different levels of success, partly due to leadership and buy-in by staff. Practice leaders and team members need to fully embrace team care concepts and continuously monitor teamwork experiences to support effective team-based care.
“They Will Find Another Way to Hurt You”: Emerging Adults’ Perceptions of Coping With Cyberbullying
Authors: Alipan Alexandra , Skues Jason L. , Theiler Stephen
Published: December 2018

To date, there is a limited amount of research exploring how emerging adults cope with cyberbullying despite being prolific users of technology. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore emerging adults’ views, opinions, and perceptions of how individuals within this developmental period cope with being targeted by cyberbullying behaviors. Six focus groups were conducted with 39 participants (64% female) between 18 and 25 years of age in Melbourne, Australia. Thematic analysis of the data identified several coping strategies that can be employed in response to cyberbullying, which were categorized as problem-focused coping, emotion-focused coping, or cyber-specific technological solutions. In addition to these ways of coping, two notable findings provide insight into the complex and dynamic pattern of perceptions of control and coping style selection and the perceived effectiveness of such coping strategies. This study has implications for targets of cyberbullying, research, and practice.
A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial of Aspiration and Fibrin Sealant Use Versus Aspiration Alone in the Treatment of Dorsal Wrist Ganglia
Authors: Hatchell Alexandra , Meathrel Kimberly , Farrokhyar Forough , Hynes Nicolas
Published: December 2018

Purpose:

Multiple treatments for dorsal wrist ganglia (DWG) exist but have high recurrence rates. We investigated whether aspiration followed by injection of Tisseel is more effective at reducing the DWG recurrence rate than aspiration alone.

Methods:

Adults with untreated DWG were randomly assigned to aspiration alone (A) or aspiration followed by Tisseel injection (AT). Patients were measured at baseline, 1, 6, and 12 months. Primary outcome was the rate of recurrence. Secondary outcomes included recurrent ganglion size and maximum pain experienced from the ganglion. Continuous data were compared with Student t tests and Mann-Whitney U tests. Categorical data were compared with χ2 tests and Fisher exact tests. Treatment effect was reported as relative risk or mean differences (MD) with 95% confidence intervals.

Results:

Seventy-nine patients were randomized to the A (n = 39) or AT (n = 40) group. Twenty-five patients were lost to follow-up. There were no differences in recurrence risk between groups at 1, 6, or 12 months ( P > .05). Ganglia were significantly smaller for both groups at 1 month versus baseline ( P < .001). The A group demonstrated a significantly larger decrease in size at 1 month versus the AT group (MD = 0.75 cm2, 95% confidence interval: 0.07-1.43, P = .03). Both groups experienced significantly less pain at 1, 6, and 12 months ( P < .03), but this was not significantly different between groups.

Conclusion:

Aspiration and Tisseel injection does not decrease DWG recurrence versus aspiration alone. Both interventions produced a significant decrease in pain. Although aspiration alone carries a high recurrence risk, it may provide sufficient symptomatic relief for patients with DWG.
Linking Land Use Choice with Land Access in Nigerian Agrarian Communities
Authors: Etowa Egbe B. , Nwiido Emmanuel D.
Published: December 2018

The article provides overview of land use decisions in the face of numerous bottlenecks within Nigerian agrarian population. Using a case study, the effects of access to land on land use choice were analysed. A stratified random sampling technique was used to select 104 respondents from 13 communities in Odukpani, Nigeria. A logistic regression model was specified to achieve the analyses. The result of the model was preceded by socio-demographic statistics of the study population. It was found that majority (92.3 per cent) of those with access to land had ownership rights, while 7.7 per cent had only land use rights. However, most (68.5 per cent) of them accessed 0.9 or less hectare of land, only 2.2 per cent had access to up to one or more hectare of land. Land was mainly devoted to agriculture in Odukpani. The logistic regression analyses showed that the size of land accessed has no significant effect on how it is used. However, having land ownership right is 0.1641 times likely to favour land use principally for agriculture than only having land use right. Conversely, having only land use right was 1/0.1641 (or 6.0939) times more likely to cause land use for agriculture than having land ownership right. Interestingly, a unit increase in perceived educational constraint increased the probability of land use for agriculture by 10.9133 times. Similarly, access to credit increased the probability of land use for agriculture by 23.5003 times, while short payback period of the loan received had a retarding effect on land use for agriculture by 0.1763 times. Psychometric scale scores showed that the cost of land (3.97), increase in land speculation (3.79) and conflict of interests by landlord (3.75) were the top three perceived constraints to accessing land in the study population. The study recommends agricultural development policies directed in favour of land access and with a view to tackling the identified constraints.
The Genesis of Peri-urban Ethiopia: The Case of Hawassa City
Authors: Kinfu Eshetayehu , Bombeck Henning , Nigussie Agizew , Wegayehu Fisseha
Published: December 2018

Peri-urban areas present planning challenges of contemporary urbanisation and settlements in the Global South. Studies about peri-urban area tend to focus upon the Global North and Asia, while little has been done on sub-Saharan Africa. Available research in sub-Saharan Africa is largely confined to studying economic forces driving periurbanisation, land markets and informality. Few have explicitly examined the policy forces driving it. This article analyses the urbanisation and policy forces driving periurbanisation in Hawassa, Ethiopia. It scrutinises the city’s urbanisation policy and the nation’s land policy to find out how and why they are linked with the city’s periurbanisation processes. The analyses utilises primary data collected through household surveys, field observations and key informant interviews, which are complemented by secondary data from national legal and policy documents, and regional and city administration reports. The findings show that Hawassa’s periurbanisation is driven by policy forces emanating from annexation-based rapid urbanisation and the loopholes in the nation’s land policy.
‘The Snowball of Emails We Deal With’: CCing in Multinational Companies
Authors: Machili Ifigeneia , Angouri Jo , Harwood Nigel
Published: December 2018

The ability to copy in relevant stakeholders has rendered the business email a useful tool for managing interpersonal relations and operational matters. However, CCing in business email has remained vastly underresearched in workplace discourse literature, a gap this article seeks to address. We explore the functions of CCing in workplace emails and the way formality is negotiated by writers in one organization. We draw on the analysis of email chains and discourse-based interviews and show that employees strategically project professional achievements and assume and deny responsibility for company decisions as they shift between the sender/receiver positions in the chain.