bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Implementations of K-medoids Clustering for Higher Education Accreditation by Evaluation of Davies Bouldin Index Clustering
Authors: Ghufron Ghufron , Surarso Bayu , Gernowo Rahmat
Published: November 2020

The need for data analysis in tertiary education every semester is needed, this is due to the increasingly large and uncontrolled data, on the other hand generally higher education does not yet have a data warehouse and big data analysis to maintain data quality at tertiary institutions is not easy, especially to estimate the results of university accreditation high, because the data continues to grow and is not controlled, the purpose of this study is to apply k-medoids clustering by applying the calculation of the weighting matrix of higher education accreditation with the data of the last 3 years namely length of study, average GPA, student and lecturer ratio and the number of lecturers according to the study program, so that it can predict accurate cluster results, the results of this study indicate that k-medoid clustering produces good cluster data results with an evaluation value of the Bouldin index davies cluster index of 0.407029478 and is said to be a good cluster result.
EAMO Story Book: Buku Edukasi Akhlak Dan Moral Untuk Anak Usia Prasekolah
Authors: Oktaviyanah Dina Afidah , Nammellen Ganesthy Primi Enggar
Published: November 2020

EAMO Story Book: Buku Edukasi Akhlak dan Moral Untuk Anak Usia Prasekolah. Anak prasekolah merupakan bagian dari anak usia dini dengan rentang umur 3-6 tahun. Keberadaan anak prasekolah menjadi masa yang krusial bagi setiap individu. Usia prasekolah merupakan usia golden age yang berpengaruh besar untuk kehidupannya di masa mendatang. Anak usia dini dan anak prasekolah membutuhkan bimbingan dari orang dewasa, baik guru maupun orang tua. Lingkungan masyarakat yang baik juga menjadi penentu tumbuh kembang anak dalam membentuk pribadi berakhlak karimah dan berkarakter islami. Ironisnya di era teknologi yang serba cepat ini, banyak orang tua memberi pola asuh kurang baik kepada buah hati mereka. Kesibukan orang tua menjadi salah satu penyebab kecanduan anak bermain smartphone. Tanpa pengawasan yang ketat dari orang tua, disamping mendapat hiburan, anak juga bisa terpapar konten negatif dari apa yang mereka tonton. Dengan menggunakan metode studi literatur dari data sekunder dan teknik analisis kualitatif-deskriptif, penelitian terhadap anak prasekolah yang kecanduan gawai mendapat sebuah rancangan solusi berupa sarana pembelajaran berbasis teknologi Augmented Reality. Penulis mengemas solusi tersebut menjadi sebuah buku cerita dengan memanfaatkan perkembangan teknologi digital. Solusi ini diharapkan dapat mengurangi kecanduan anak bermain smartphone, menghindarkan mereka dari konten negatif, dan membentuk individu berkarakter religius.
Analisis Aktivitas Pendidikan di TK Laboratorium Aichi Jepang Berdasarkan Prinsip-prinsip Neurosains
Authors: Nur Hifizah
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana metode bermain bebas yang dilakukan di TK jepang. Selain itu penelitian ini juga untuk melihat apakah aktivitas pendidikan di TK Jepang sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip neurosains. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode observasi kualitatif yang bersifat naturalistik. Peneliti mengobservasi aktivitas siswa-siswa kelas TK B di TK laboraturium Aichi University of Education selama satu hari, dari jam 09.00 sampai jam 14.00 JST. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas di TK tersebut sangat seusai dengan 8 prinsip neurosains.
Kemampuan Berpikir Simbolik Anak Melalui Bermain Dengan Media Stick Angka
Authors: Awan Very
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini mempunyai tujuan yaitu untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir simbolik anak didik melalui melalui bermain dengan media stick angka. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kemampuan berpikir simbolik anak didik kelompok B TK Islam Al Jihad meningkat setelah menggunakan media stick angka. Subjek penelitian ini adalah anak didik kelompok B TK Islam Al Jihad Desa Sei Rampah Kecamatan Sei Rampah Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai, sebanyak 15 orang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan II siklus dengan 4 perlakuan pada setiap siklusnya yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Data yang didapatkan dianalisis melalui dua teknik analisis data, yakni teknik analisis data kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Indikator yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini yaitu menyebutkan lambang bilangan, menghitung, menghubungkan gambar sesuai dengan lambang bilangan. Hasil penelitian pada sebelum siklus I dari 15 anak didik, hanya terdapat 20% anak didik yang mencapai indikator keberhasilan, kemudian setelah dilakukan perlakuan tindakan pada siklus I, dari 15 anak didik yang mencapai indikator keberhasilan pada penelitian ini yaitu (BSH) berkembang sesuai harapan yaitu 47%. Pada siklus II, dari 15 anak didik yang mencapai indikator keberhasilan pada penelitian ini yaitu (BSH) berkembang sesuai harapan yaitu 93%. Dengan demikian maka dapat disimpulkan bermain dengan media stick angka dapat menjadi salah satu alternatif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir simbolik anak dalam mengenal lambang bilangan.
Pengaruh Indeksasi Doaj Terhadap Sitasi Pada Jurnal Terakreditasi Sinta Menggunakan Analisis Regresi Linier
Authors: Muriyatmoko Dihin
Published: November 2020

Berdasarkan sistem akreditasi jurnal nasional, DOAJ termasuk lembaga pengindeks bereputasi sedang. Hingga Maret 2019, ada 51 jurnal terakreditasi Sinta 1 yang merupakan jurnal dengan kualitas tertinggi secara nasional. Namun pada kenyataannya jurnal yang terindeks DOAJ hanya 37 (72.5%) dan belum tentu memiliki jumlah sitasi yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur pengaruh indeksasi DOAJ terhadap jumlah sitasi jurnal menggunakan metode regresi linier. Hasil perhitungan statistik menunjukkan adanya korelasi kategori sedang (R=0.426) dan pengaruh DOAJ terhadap sitasi sebesar 18.2% (R Square), sedangkan sisanya 81.8% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain. Berdasarkan penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa DOAJ tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap jumlah sitasi jurnal. Hasil penelitian ini dapat dijadikan rekomendasi kepada lembaga akreditasi untuk mengevaluasi persentase nilai indeksasi.
Implementasi Text Mining Untuk Analisis Opini Publik Terhadap Calon Presiden
Authors: Kartikasari Trya Sovi , Setiawan Hendry , Lucky Tirma Irawan Paulus
Published: November 2020

Sistem presidensial merupakan salah satu bentuk demokrasi di Indonesia. Sistem tersebut menitikberatkan pada penyelenggaraan pemilihan umum presiden dan wakilnya yang dilakukan secara langsung oleh rakyat. Tingkat terpilihnya seorang presiden dapat dilihat dari opini publik yang beredar, salah satunya pada media sosial yang juga merupakan bagian dari  kampanye. Dalam penelitian ini akan dianalisa opini yang berkaitan dengan elektabilitas calon presiden dari media sosial Twitter dari media sosial Twitter menggunakan metode Naïve Bayes Classifier (NBC) dan menentukan faktor-faktor yang terbentuk dari opini menggunakan Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Data opini dari media sosial Twitter didapatkan menggunakan kata kunci “Jokowi” dan “Prabowo”. Sebagian opini tersebut dipilih sebagai data latih untuk  didapatkan kelas bersentimen negatif dan positif. Setelah proses pelatihan, dilakukan proses terhadap data uji dan data validasi. Hasil akurasi untuk data uji topik Jokowi pada tweet bersentimen positif mendapatkan akurasi sebesar 88.63% dan negatif sebesar 91.06%. Sementara untuk Prabowo bersentimen positif mendapatkan akurasi sebesar 88.58% dan negatif sebesar 80.37%. Rerata akurasi untuk keseluruhan topik adalah adalah 86.89%. Untuk mendapatkan faktor pada setiap sentimen, dilakukan proses perhitungan nilai PCA. Setiap sentimen tersebut kemudian dilakukan analisis faktor oleh pakar, yakni didapatkan 20 faktor yang sudah berhasil diinterpretasikan oleh pakar.
SISTEM INFORMASI PENYEWAAN OUTDOOR RO ADVENTUREGEAR KAMAL MENGGUNAKAN BAHASA PEMROGRAMAN JAVA
Authors: Rizki Syarifatun Miftakhul , Mubarok Shofi , Saputri Novi Duwi , Iswahyuni Oktavia Dwi , Afghoni Jamaluddin Al , Fatah Doni Abdul
Published: November 2020

Adenturegear merupakan suatu usaha di bidang jasa yang menyewakan peralatan outdoor. RO Adventuregear saat ini masih menggunakan sistem pencatatan secara manual untuk mendata customer dan barang sewa menggunakan satu buku besar.dengan adanya pencatatan secara manual terdapat beberapa kekurangan yang dialami,diantaranya customer kesulitan mengetahui peralatan yang tersedia, sering terjadinya keterlambatan dan kerusakan barang saat pengembalian barang, belum banyak orang yang mengetahui tempat penyewaan alat outdoor di RO Adventuregear,bisa terjadi duplikat data yang ada pada buku besar,dan terjadi kesalahan saat catatan hilang dan rusak . Oleh karena itu, dibuat sebuah sistem informasi penyewaan alat outdoor guna mempermudah proses penyewaan dan penyimpanan data customer dan barang yang disewa . Pada penelitian ini dilakukan perancangan menggunakan DFD dan penyimpanan data pada database MySQL serta diimplementasikan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman Java
Exosome-mediated miR-1290 regulation of SLU7 affects hepatocellular carcinoma process
Authors: Zeng Yong , Tan Xingqin , Gong Jianpin , Liu Zhichuan
Published: November 2020

Objective: Liver cancer, as a very common malignant tumor in clinic, has a high incidence rate and a poor prognosis. Understanding the relationship of exosomes miR-1290 and SLU7 with liver cancer may be a breakthrough in the diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer in the future.Methods: Altogether 64 patients with liver cancer and 58 healthy people in our hospital were collected, and liver cancer cells were purchased. qPCR was used to detect the mRNA levels of miR-1290 and SLU7. Western blot was used to detect the relative expression of SLU7 protein, and the effect of exosomes miR-1290 and SLU7 on the biological behavior of liver cancer cells was analyzed. Double fluorescein reporter was used to verify the targeted relationship between miR-1290 and SLU7.Results: miR-1290 was highly expressed in liver cancer (P< 0.050) and SLU7 was poorly expressed in liver cancer (P< 0.050). Exosomes miR-1290 could inhibit the relative expression of SLU7 protein (p < 0.050), promote the proliferation, invasion, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation of liver cancer cells, and reduce the ability of apoptosis (P< 0.050). Double luciferase report and rescue experiment confirmed that miR-1290 and SLU7 had targeted relationship (P< 0.050).Conclusion: Exosomes miR-1290 may be a potential target for the diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer in the future through targeting inhibition of SLU7 in the occurrence and development of liver cancer.
The Effect of Dual Strain Probiotic on the Growth and Feeding Intolerance in Premature Neonates of Kabul city: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Aslamzai Mansoor , Raheen Abdul Rahim , Hamidi Mohammad Farouq , Hassin Zemary
Published: November 2020

Background: Prematurity is prevalent worldwide and accounts as the leading cause of neonatal death. Slow weight gain, feeding intolerance, prolong hospital stay, recurrent infection and high mortality are significant issues for preterm neonates. Dual strain probiotic can manage such complication of prematurity. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of dual strain probiotic on weight gaining and feeding intolerance of preterm neonates in Kabul city.Method: This randomized controlled trial conducted at Neonatal units of Malalai and Maiwand Hospitals in Kabul city. Finally, 84 preterm neonates assessed for the effect of dual strain probiotic. The clinical parameters were daily weight gain and the risk of feeding intolerance and neonatal mortality. Statically analysis was performed by SPSS 20. Results: Forty-two premature neonates in dual strain probiotic group and another forty-two preterm babies in control group were investigated. The preterm neonates in probiotic versus control group had mean age (7.2±6.3 vs 6.8±3.3 day; P=0.63), weight (1495.5±273 vs 1476.2±273 g; P=0.75) and gestational age (33.6±2.1 vs 32.9±2.4 week; p=0.14). Sex distribution in probiotic group was (boys 54.4%, girl 45.2%) and in control group was (boys 50%, girl 50%). Both groups were observed for mean days of (17.6±6.4 vs 18.8±6.3; P=0.45). The premature newborns in probiotic versus control group had mean daily weight gain (15.4±9.4 vs 10±7.9g; CI=1.75-9.31, P=0.005), risk of feeding intolerance (RR=0.65, CI=0.1-4.1, P=0.6) and risk of mortality during hospital stay (RR=0.65, CI=0.1-0.41, P=0.8).Conclusion: Preterm neonates in our country had slow growth than high-income countries. Dual strain probiotic significantly improved the daily weight gain of premature neonates. However, probiotic also decreased the risk of feeding intolerance and death during hospital stay but these findings were not statistically significant.Clinical trial registration number: This RCT was registered in the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry with the number of ACTRN12620000538943. Date of Registration is first May 2020. https://www.anzctr.org.au/ACTRN12620000538943.aspx
A Retrospective Analysis of the Effects of Different Analgesics on the Pain and Functional Recovery of Patients with Traumatic Thoracolumbar Fractures in the Peri-Treatment Period
Authors: Yuan Hao , Chang Quan-Yuan , Chen Jie , Wang Ya-Ting , Gan Zong-Jin , Wen Song , Li Ting-Ting , Xiong Liu-Lin
Published: November 2020

Background: There are few literatures analyze the effects of traumatic thoracolumbar vertebral fractures on prognosis pain and functional recovery from the perspective of analgesics used in the perioperative period, and lack of clinical guidance on the application of analgesics for its surgery.Objective: To analyze the effects of peri-treatment analgesics on pain and recovery status of patients with thoracolumbar fractures combined with network pharmacology.Methods: 719 patients with thoracolumar fractures were collected and divided into acetaminophen dihydrocodeine group (n=476), celecoxib group (n=130) and etoricoxib group (n=113) according to the use of analgesics. The visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to measure the degree of pain the number of days of the use of three analgesics, the postoperative Oswestry dysfunction index (ODI) scores and some Japanese orthopedics Association score (JOA) were recorded. The targets of three analgesics were obtained by Drugbank, and the target of acute pain caused by fracture is obtained by Genecards, then Venn diagram of the intersection genes was drawn through Venn. Protein interaction mapping (PPI) was obtained by using STRING database, the functional enrichment analysis of Gene Ontology (GO) and the enrichment analysis of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomics (KEGG) pathway were carried out based on Metascape database.Results: The codeine group was higher than celecoxib and etoricoxib groups in the number of days of preoperative and postoperative analgesic use, VAS score difference on the preoperative and postoperative, and postoperative ODI index (all P<0.01). There exist no statistically conspicuous differences among the three groups in basic characteristics, injury and intraoperative conditions, ODI score except ODI index, three JOA marks, and postoperative walking ability (P>0.05). Identify 3332 disease targets. PPI network analysis identified OPRM1, OPRK1, TRPV1, PTGS1 and PTGS2 as the core targets for acetaminophen dihydrocodeine in the treatment. Conclusion: If multiple analgesic modes are adopted in the perioperative analgesic use, and the use of acetaminophen dihydrocodeine in combination with anti-inflammatory analgesics, the duration of analgesic use is expected to be shortened as far as possible to reduce the pain degree in postoperative recovery, providing a reference for the optimal use of anesthetics for clinical traumatic thoracolumbar fractures.
Health Insurance Ownership among Mollucans in Indonesia
Authors: Laksono Agung Dwi , Sillehu Sahrir , Khoiri Abu , Wulandari Ratna Dwi
Published: November 2020

Health insurance is an effort to transfer risks to increase public access to the use of health services. The study was aimed at analyzing factors related to health insurance ownership among Mollucans in Indonesia. The sample size was 788 respondents. The variables analyzed included health insurance ownership, age group, gender, education level, employment status. The final stage was employed multinomial logistic regression. The results show Mollucans in the ≤19 age group were 0.182 times more likely than Mollucans in the ≥ 50 age group to have government-run type health insurance. Mollucans in the 20-29 age group were 0.219 times more likely than Mollucans in the ≥ 50 age group to have government-run health insurance. On the other hand, Mollucans with primary education was 0.196 times more likely than Mollucans with higher education to have a government-run type of health insurance. Mollucans with secondary education was 0.415 times more likely than Mollucans with higher education to have government-run health insurance. Meanwhile, unemployed Mollucans have a probability of 0.358 times compared to employed Mollucans to have the government-run type of health insurance. Finally, unemployed Mollucans are 0.056 times more likely than employed Mollucans to have private-run health insurance. It was concluded that 3 proven variables associated with health insurance ownership among Moluccans in Indonesia, namely age group, education level, and employment status.
Does Low-Temperature Sterilization Affect the Geometrical Properties of 3D Printed Models and Surgical Guides from a Reconstruction of CT Images using the Mimics Innovation Suite?
Authors: Toro Mauricio , Cardona Aura , Restrepo Daniel , Buitrago Laura
Published: November 2020

Background: Fused deposition anatomical models and surgical guides are the embodiment of digital surgical planning. Although the models are primarily produced for training or simulation, they often touch the patient tissues and fluids while the guides are always in close contact with the patient. Therefore, sterility is a requirement but not at the expense of losing dimensions and shape. In the present study, we assessed the effects of sterilization with vaporized hydrogen peroxide on the geometrical properties and accuracy of 3D-printed pieces reconstructed and processed using the Mimics Innovation Suite.Methods: computer tomography (CT) scan images from 16 patients were selected, eight from patients with maxillary and mandibular defects for the anatomical models, and eight from patients with mandibular defects for the cutting guides. The devices were manufactured in medical-grade acrylonitrile butadiene styrene from the primary files of the CT scans reconstructions. Two scanning processes were repeated after the production, one before and the other after sterilization. The dimensional error was estimated in each step of the process by comparing the scanned images of the printed pieces between before and after the sterilization process with the original design.Results: The average of the estimated mean differences between the printed pieces before and after sterilization were -0,011 ± 0,252 mm (95%CI -0,011; -0,010) for the models and 0,003 ± 0,057 mm (95%CI 0,002; 0,003) for the guides. Regarding the dimensional error of the sterilized parts compared to the original design, the estimated mean differences were -0,082 ± 0,626 mm (95%CI -0,083; -0,081) for the models and 0,126 ± 0,205 mm (95%CI 0,126; 0,127) for the cutting guides.Conclusion: The geometrical properties of the 3D-printed anatomical models and cutting guides designed with the Mimics Innovation Suite and manufactured in ABS was not affected after the process of low-temperature sterilization. The devices maintained dimensional stability after the sterilization but also showed high reliability relating to the original design.
Characterisation of a Highly Potent and Near Pan-Neutralising Anti-HIV Monoclonal Antibody Expressed in Tobacco Plants
Authors: Moore Catherine Margaret , Grandits Melanie , Grünwald-Gruber Clemens , Altmann Friedrich , Kotouckova Maria , Teh Audrey Y.H. , Ma Julian K.C.
Published: November 2020

Background HIV remains one of the most important health issues worldwide, with almost 40 million people living with HIV. Although patients develop antibodies against the virus, its high mutation rate allows evasion of immune responses. Some patients, however, produce antibodies that are able to bind to, and neutralise different strains of HIV. One such ‘broadly neutralising’ antibody is ‘N6’. Identified in 2016, N6 can neutralise 98% of HIV-1 isolates with a median IC50 of 0.066 µg/mL. This neutralisation breadth makes N6 a very promising therapeutic candidate. Results N6 was expressed in a glycoengineered line of N. benthamiana plants (pN6) and compared to the mammalian cell-expressed equivalent (mN6). Expression at 49mg/kg (fresh leaf tissue) was achieved in plants, although extraction and purification are more challenging than for most plant-expressed antibodies. N-glycoanalysis demonstrated the absence of xylosylation and a reduction in α(1,3)-fucosylation that are typically found in plant glycoproteins. The N6 light chain contains a potential N-glycosylation site, which was modified and displayed more α(1,3)-fucose than the heavy chain. The binding kinetics of pN6 and mN6, measured by surface plasmon resonance, were similar for HIV gp120. pN6 had a 10-fold higher affinity for FcγRIIIa, which was reflected in an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity assay, where pN6 induced a more potent response from effector cells than that of mN6. pN6 demonstrated the same potency and breadth of neutralisation as mN6, against a panel of HIV strains. Conclusions The successful expression of N6 in tobacco supports the prospect of developing a low-cost, low-tech production platform for a monoclonal antibody cocktail to control HIV in low-to middle income countries.
Glutamic Acid Reshapes The Phytobiome To Protect Plants Against Pathogens
Authors: Kim Da-Ran , Jeon Chang-Wook , Cho Gyeongjun , Thomashow Linda , Weller David , Paik Man-Jeong , Lee Yong Bok , Kwak Youn-Sig
Published: November 2020

Background: The physiology and growth of plants are strongly influenced by their associated microbiomes. Conversely, the composition of the phytobiome is flexible, responding to the state of the host and raising the possibility that it can be engineered to benefit the plant. However, technology for engineering the structure of the microbiome is not yet available.Results: Here we show that glutamic acid reshapes the plant microbial community and enriches populations of Streptomyces, a functional core microbe, both above and below ground, in strawberry and tomato. Upon application of glutamic acid, the population size of Streptomyces increased dramatically in the anthosphere and the rhizosphere. At the same time, diseases caused by species of Fusarium were significantly reduced in both habitats. Plant resistance-related genes were not activated, suggesting that glutamic acid modulates the microbiome community directly, rather than activating the host’s own protective mechanisms.Conclusions: Much is known about the structure of plant-associated microbial communities, but little has been learned about how the community composition and complexity are controlled. Our results demonstrate that the microbiome community can be engineered and unlock the mode of action of glutamic acid.
WITHDRAWN: Genotype-Dependent Recruitment of the Strawberry Holobiome
Authors: Cellini Antonio , Sangiorgio Daniela , Donati Irene , Ferrari Erika , Tanunchai Benjawan , Wahdan Sara Fareed Mohamed , Sadubsarn Dolaya , Farneti Brian , Buscot Francois , Spinelli Francesco , Purahong Witoon
Published: November 2020

BackgroundCultivated strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch., fam. Rosaceae) is an important fruit crop, greatly appreciated for its aroma and nutraceutical properties. Niche-specific characterisation of plant microbiome, from rhizosphere to aboveground plant organs, is crucial to understand the influence of structure and function of the microbial communities on plant phenotype, performances and disease resistance. Strawberry cultivation is challenged by a large variety of pathogens, which cause substantial economic losses and require the frequent application of pesticides. Biological control is a promising and safer alternative to the use of xenobiotic pesticides. Biological control agents isolated from the microbiome of the host plant may have a superior efficacy in comparison to non-indigenous microbial inoculants. Therefore, the characterization of the native microbiome along different plant compartments is a key step for the successful microbial manipulation in farmlands. Results Here, we provide the first comprehensive description of the soil, rhizosphere, root and aerial parts microbiome of three commercially important strawberry cultivars (‘Darselect’, ‘Elsanta’ and ‘Monterey’) under cultural conditions. The fungal and bacterial microbiomes were functionally characterised to investigate their influence on plant disease tolerance, plant mineral nutrient content and fruit quality. The core microbiome included 24 bacteria and 15 fungal operative taxon units which were present in all compartments and plant genotypes. However, both plant organ and genotype had a significant role in assembling the microbial communities. The microbial community assemblage across different soil and plant compartments significantly correlated with disease resistance, mineral nutrient content in the plant and with fruit quality parameters. Interestingly, only the disease tolerant genotype ‘Monterey’ was able to recruit Pseudomonas fluorescens in all plant organs and to establish symbiosis with the arbuscular mycorrhiza Rhizophagus irregularis. These two species include several strains acting as pathogen biocontrol agents, plant growth promoters and plant defence inducers. Conclusions Altogether, our study provides the first comprehensive view of strawberry microbiome in relation to plant genotype, health and nutritional status and fruit quality parameters, shedding light on potential practical applications to increase the sustainability of crop production.
Determination of the most important characteristics in bread wheat grain yields under salinity stress
Authors: Ragab Khaled , Kheir Ahmed
Published: November 2020

Background

Salinity has adverse effects on crop production in arid and semi-arid regions but so far, less attention has been paid to this impact on wheat characteristics. A pot experiment was carried out in cage-house to determine the most important characteristics in wheat under wide range of salinity using the stepwise regression analysis. The data collected on five groups of characteristics (i.e. seedling, phonology, spike, physiology, yield and its contributions).
Results

The findings showed that the salinity levels below 3.5 dSm− 1 triggered stimulation in the growth of wheat seedling, while the salinity rates increased by more than 3.5 dSm− 1 significantly reduced all the seedling characteristics studied. The salinity level of 3.5 dS m− 1 resulted in an earliness percentage of 4.2, 4.9, 3.8 and 2.2% respectively in the developmental stages of booting, heading, anthesis and maturity. Meanwhile, rising salinity levels up to 10.5 dSm− 1 resulted in a 21.7% decrease in emergence speed and a delay of 3.9, 10.8 and 8.5% in booting, heading and anthesis developmental stages respectively. Salinity stress decreased the flag leaf area and increased concentration of chlorophyll pigments, where the percentage increase for chlorophyll a was higher compared with chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll. The stress of salinity decreased all the studied spike characteristics with significant effect on the number of spike− 1 and spike kernel weights.
Conclusions

Salinity stress decreased yield and other contributes where its effect was strong on plant height, root dry weight, biological and grain yield. The stepwise regression showed that biological yield, spike kernels weight and number of spikes pot− 1 characteristics under both normal and salinity stress are the important selection criteria of high grain yield.
The Inhibition of EV71 Virus-Induced Apoptosis by ZVAD Through ROS and mTOR Pathway
Authors: Xu Tiantian , Li Yinghua , Guo Min , Zhao Mingqi , Chen Haiyang , Wang Changbing , Kuang Lu , Xiao Misi , Lin Zhengfang , Zhu Bing
Published: November 2020

Background: Emerging evidence that Enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection closely related to infection with the generation of apoptosis. Excess apoptosis exacerbates inflammatory reactions and can even result in the death of the cell. The ZVAD is a broad caspase inhibitor, can prevent apoptosis and regulate the survival in many different cell types. Methods: The aims of this project were to elucidate the mechanism of the ZVAD in anti-EV71 virus.Results: Our data showed that reduced viral replication was observed after treated with ZVAD in EV71 infected Vero and SK-N-SH cells. Meanwhile, Vero and SK-N-SH cells infected with EV71virus were both exhibit higher cells viability in the presence of ZVAD. Additionally, ZVAD can decrease the apoptosis, ROS and inflammation induced by EV71 in the infected Vero cells. However, ZVAD may play an antiviral role in SK-N-SH cells through the mTOR signaling pathwayConclusions: In addition to inhibiting caspase, ZVAD also inhibits apoptosis by regulating ROS and inflammation cytokines to achieve antiviral effect.
Noninvasive Identification of Core Gene Biomarkers in Patients with Acute Kidney Transplant Rejection
Authors: Zhao Huijia , Li Ling , Ye Qifa
Published: November 2020

Background: Acute rejection (AR) is one of common and critical complications after kidney transplantation, which gives rise to an increasing of allograft loss and even death. However, the potential mechanisms of AR remain incompletely understood at present. This study aimed to reveal the underlying mechanisms and identify core biomarkers of AR.Methods: The AR gene expression profile GSE1563 involving 6 renal transplant patients undergoing AR and 9 patients with well-functioning transplant with no clinical evidence of rejection was selected to analyze the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from purified RNA of peripheral blood lymphocytes. DAVID was used to carry out Gene ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was built to display the interactions among these DEGs. To get further reliable significant genes and mechanisms, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was applied to evaluate the hub gene analyzing via PPI network.Results: A total of 347 DEGs were captured, including 301 upregulated genes and 46 downregulated genes. Go and KEGG pathway analysis showed the DEGs were particularly enriched in immune response, inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus, RNA transport and protein stabilization. The PPI network indicated 3 modules were also mainly involved in immune response and RNA transport. 18 hub genes were selected in PPI network, among which there were 6 core genes evaluated by DAVID. By the way of GSEA, Oxidative stress was another potential mechanism besides immunity and ncRNA transport. Conclusion: Our analysis uncovered the immune response including humoral and cellular immunity, ncRNA transport as well as oxidative stress was the major mechanisms of AR associated respectively with MAPK8, CCL5, HMGB1, NCBP2, XPO1 and APP, which could be novel noninvasive biomarkers in peripheral blood for early diagnosis and could be helpful to the treatment of AR.
Identification of Hepatic Fibrosis Inhibitors Through Morphometry Analysis of Hepatic Multicellular Spheroids Models
Authors: Seo Haengran , Song Yeonhwa , Heo Jinyeong , Shum David , Lee Su-Yeon , Kim Sanghwa , Lee Minji , Kim A-Ram
Published: November 2020

Background: A chronic, local inflammatory milieu can cause tissue fibrosis that results in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT), increased abundance of fibroblasts, and further acceleration of fibrosis. Methods: In this study, we aimed to identify potential mechanisms and inhibitors of fibrosis using 3D model-based phenotypic screening. We established liver fibrosis models using multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTSs) composed of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and stromal cells such as fibroblasts (WI38), hepatic stellate cells (LX2), and endothelial cells (HUVEC) seeded at constant ratios. Results: Through high-throughput screening of FDA-approved drugs, we identified retinoic acid and forskolin as candidates to attenuate the compactness of MCTSs as well as inhibit the expression of ECM-related proteins. Additionally, retinoic acid and forskolin induced reprogramming of fibroblast and cancer stem cells in the HCC microenvironment. Of interest, retinoic acid and forskolin had anti-fibrosis effects by decreasing expression of a-SMA and F-actin in LX2 cells and HUVEC cells. Moreover, when sorafenib was added along with retinoic acid and forskolin, apoptosis was increased, suggesting that anti-fibrosis drugs may improve tissue penetration to support the efficacy of anti-cancer drugs. Conclusion: Collectively, these findings support the potential utility of morphometric analyses of hepatic multicellular spheroid models in the development of new drugs with novel mechanisms for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis and HCCs.
Identification of mRNA-miRNA-lncRNA Competing Endogenous RNA Network in Adrenocortical Carcinoma Using Bioinformatics Analysis 
Authors: Ye Senlin , Wang Haohui , Li Wei , Yi Lu
Published: November 2020

Background: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignant tumor originating from the adrenal cortex. However, there are no eﬀective therapies to treat patients with ACC. LncRNA participates in a variety of biological processes of cancers. We constructed ceRNA network and identify key competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) in adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) using bioinformatic processing tools. Methods: Firstly, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by analyzing GSE12368 and GSE19750 datasets. SangerBox was used to generate volcano maps. DAVID database was used for functional enrichment analysis. STRING database was used to conduct Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and hub genes were identified by Cytoscape plug-in CytoHubba. UCSC database was used to construct hierarchical clustering of hub genes. Upstream miRNAs of mRNAs were predicted by miRTarBase and upstream lncRNAs of miRNA by miRNet. Expression analysis for lncRNAs were performed via GEPIA. Prognostic analysis for genes, miRNAs and lncRNAs were performed via cBioPortal, OncomiR and GEPIA, respectively. Results: In this study, 49 and 276 upregulated and downregulated significant DEGs were identified. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that they were significantly enriched in cancer-associated pathways. According to node degree, the top 10 upregulated genes and downregulated genes were classfied as hub genes. However, only 9 hub genes were defined as key genes because alteration was significantly associated with worse prognosis and all the 9 key genes were upregulated hub genes. Then, 15 miRNAs were predicted to target the 7 out of 9 key genes. But only 4 miRNAs were defined as key miRNAs because alteration significantly influenced prognosis in cancer. 185 lncRNAs were predicted to potentially interaction with the 4 miRNAs. Only 3 lncRNAs(XIST, HOXA11-AS and TMPO-AS1) were up-regulated and only 1 lncRNA (HOXA11-AS ) indicated alteration was significantly associated with worse prognosis in adrenocortical carcinoma. HOXA11-AS were finally identified as key lncRNA. Finally, RRM2-miR-24-3p/let-7a-5p-HOXA11-AS, CDK1/MCM4-miR-24-3P-HOXA11-AS competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) sub-networks were constructed in adrenocortical carcinoma. Conclution：This study has constructed RRM2-miR-24-3p/let-7a-5p-HOXA11-AS, CDK1/MCM4-miR-24-3p-HOXA11-AS competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) sub-networks. Our results suggested that these sub-networks might be potential therapeutic targets or prognostic biomarkers in ACC.
RANKL Immunisation Inhibits Prostate Cancer Metastasis by Modulating EMT Through A RANKL-Dependent Pathway
Authors: Park Mineon , Cho Yong Jin , Kim Bora , Ko Young Jong , Jang Yuria , Hyun Hoon , Lim Wonbong
Published: November 2020

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) morbidity in the majority of patients is due to metastatic events, which are a clinical obstacle. Therefore, a better understanding of the mechanism underlying metastasis is imperative if we are to develop novel therapeutic strategies. Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL) regulates bone remodelling. RANKL was associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and expression of metastasis-related genes in PC3 cells. Thus, agents that suppress RANKL signalling may be useful pharmacological treatments. Method: In this study, we proposed a strategy to induce anti-cytokine antibodies using mutant RANKL as an immunogen. Here, we used preclinical experimental models to investigate whether an inactive form of RANKL affects bone metastasis in RANKL-induced PCa.Results: RANKL activation was observed in human PCa tissue specimens. RANKL promoted migration and invasion of PC3 cells through EMT, and induced a significant increase in binding of β-catenin to TCF-4, an EMT-induced transcription factor in PCa cells, via mitogen-activated protein kinase and β-catenin/TCF-4 signalling. Thus, RANKL increased EMT and the metastatic properties of PC3 cells, suggesting a role as a therapeutic target to prevent PCa metastasis. Conclusion: Treatment with mutant RANKL reduced EMT and metastasis of PC3 PCa cells in an experimental metastasis model. Thus, mutant RANKL could serve as a potential vaccine to prevent and treat metastatic PCaTrial registration: Chosun University Hospital, CHOSUN 2020-06-001. Registered 01 June 2020-prospectevely registered, https://hosp.chosun.ac.kr/medi_depart/ site=hospital&mn=151&type=view&catename=IRB
Nanoscopic Quantification of Sub-mitochondrial Morphology, Mitophagy and Mitochondrial Dynamics in Patients With Mitochondrial Disease
Authors: Zou Weiwei , Chen Qixin , Slone Jesse , Yang Li , Lou Xiaoting , Diao Jiajie , Huang Taosheng
Published: November 2020

SLC25A46 mutations have been found to lead to mitochondrial hyper-fusion and reduced mitochondrial respiratory function, which results in optic atrophy, cerebellar atrophy, and other clinical symptoms of mitochondrial disease. However, it is generally believed that mitochondrial fusion is attributable to increased mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS)[1], which is inconsistent with the decreased OXPHOS of highly-fused mitochondria observed in previous studies. In this paper, we have used the live-cell nanoscope to observe and quantify the structure of mitochondrial cristae, and the behavior of mitochondria and lysosomes in patient-derived SLC25A46 mutant fibroblasts. The results show that the crista have been markedly damaged in the mutant fibroblasts, but that there is no corresponding increase in mitophagy. This study suggests that severely damaged mitochondrial cristae might be the predominant cause of reduced OXPHOS in SLC25A46 mutant fibroblasts. This study demonstrates the utility of nanoscope-based imaging for realizing the sub-mitochondrial morphology, mitophagy and mitochondrial dynamics in live cells, which may be particularly helpful for the quick assessment and diagnosis of mitochondrial abnormalities.
Where and how do young People Like to Get their Sexual and Reproductive Health Information? Experiences from Students in Higher Learning Institutions in Tanzania: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Mcharo Ruby Doryn , Mayaud Philippe , Msuya Sia Emmanueli
Published: November 2020

Background Sexual and reproductive health (SRH) among young adults in developing countries is still a major public health concern. Early school-based sexuality education programs and sexual health information sharing between teachers, parents and young people have been considered protective against sexual health risks that young people are prone to. There is limited information on preferred choices of “where” and “how” young people like to get their SRH information. Here, we describe what young people prefer to learn with regard to sexual matters, where and who they prefer to learn from, and their experiences of parent-child sexuality communication. MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study, conducted from March 2019 to January 2020 among students aged 18-24 years attending Higher Learning Institutions (HLIs) within Mbeya. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information on SRH education, ability to discuss sexual matters with a parent/guardian, and SRH information gap during early sexual experience. ResultsOut of 504 students that were enrolled, 377 (74.8%) reported to be sexually active with mean age at sexual debut of 18.4 years. Six out of ten students found it difficult to discuss or did not discuss sexual matters with a parent/guardian while growing up at age 12-18 years. Majority learnt about SRH matters from peers (30%) and lessons at schools (23%). We found a gender-biased preference on sexual matters discussions, such that female and male participants preferred discussions with female adults and male adults, respectively. Peers (18%), Media (17%) and schools (13%) were preferred sources of SRH information. On recalling first sexual experience, participants felt they needed to know more about sexual feelings, emotions and relationships (26.9%), safer sex (13.8%), how to be able to say 'No' (10.5%) and how to use a condom correctly (10.2%). ConclusionYoung people have a gender-biased preference when it comes to learning about SRH matters from their parents; however, such conversations seldom occur. Community health IEC should incorporate the agenda on building skills of parents on parent-child communication on sexual matters so as to empower them to confidently initiate and convey appropriate and sufficient sexual health information. Comprehensive SRH education and skills building is needed in the current school SRH curriculum in order need to meet the demand and needs of students’ and teachers’.
WITHDRAWN: Exploration and Augmentation of Pharmacological Space via Adversarial Auto-encoder Model for Facilitating Kinase-centric Drug Development
Authors: Bai Xinyu , Yin Yuxin
Published: November 2020

Predicting drug-protein interactions (DPIs) is of great importance for drug discovery and repositioning, yet still challenging mainly due to the sparse nature of DPI matrixes, resulting in poor generalization performance. Hence, unlike typical DPI prediction models which focused on representation learning or model selection, we propose a deep neural network-based strategy, PCM_AAE, that re-explores and augments the pharmacological space of kinase inhibitors by introducing adversarial auto-encoder model (AAE) to improve the generalization of the prediction model. To complete the pharmacological space, we constructed Ensemble of PCM-AAE (EPA), an ensemble model that quickly and accurately yields quantitative predictions of binding affinity between any human kinase and inhibitor. In rigorous internal validation, EPA showed excellent performance, consistently outperforming the model trained with the imbalanced set, especially for targets with relatively fewer training data points. Improved prediction accuracy of EPA to external datasets again demonstrated enhanced generalization ability of EPA that could gracefully handle previously unseen kinases or inhibitors. Further analysis showed promising potential when EPA was directly applied to virtual screening and off-target prediction, exhibiting the practicality of the EPA model in hit prediction. Our strategy is expected to facilitate kinase-centric drug development, as well as to solve more challenging prediction problems with insufficient data points.
Experimental investigation into the anode erosion phenomenon in a DC non-transferred arc plasma torch
Authors: Sun Qiang , Liu Yonghong , Zhu Yejun , Han Yancong
Published: November 2020

Anode erosion phenomenon in a DC non-transferred arc plasma torch was experimentally investigated. Anode weight loss and anode erosion position with changes in plasma current, gas-flow rate and anode length were studied. The results show that all these influences could be explained by plasma power. Anode erosion position was closely related to the structure of anode nozzle and the working conditions of plasma torch. The influence of anode arc root position and the energy flow through it on anode erosion was also analyzed. Moreover, the mechanism of anode erosion and its influence on plasma jet were studied. The results can serve as a reference for revealing the mechanism of plasma discharge, for the optimization design of arc plasma torch, and for high-quality plasma generation.
A decision tree model for evaluating the cost effectiveness of Single-Photon Emission-Computed Tomography compared with stress echocardiography for diagnosis of coronary artery disease
Authors: Javan-Noughabi Javad , Rezapour Aziz , Hajahmadi Marjan , Alipour Vahid , Jafari Abdosaleh , Faramarzi Ahmad
Published: November 2020

Background Early diagnosis of coronary artery disease is very vital for success in treatment of this disease. However, the appropriate diagnostic modality for diagnosis of coronary artery disease is uncertain. Therefore, we conducted this study to compare the cost-effectiveness of Single-Photon Emission-Computed Tomography (SPECT) versus stress echocardiography for diagnosis of coronary artery disease in Iran.Methods A decision tree model was developed to compare the cost-effectiveness of SPECT versus stress echocardiography. This study was conducted in Tehran, capital of Iran, between April 1, 2017, and September 1, 2018. The cost analysis was conducted from a societal perspective and medical direct costs, nonmedical direct costs and indirect costs were estimated.. Effectiveness was defined as the accurate detection of coronary artery disease and invasive coronary angiography was used as a gold standard. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was defined as an additional cost per correct diagnosis.Results SPECT was associated with higher costs and lower effectiveness compared with stress echocardiography. Therefore stress echocardiography is dominant alternative compared to SPECT. The results also indicated that total cost per patient were $970.49 and $781.8 for SPECT and stress echocardiography, respectively. Also, the percent of true positive and true negative responses were %88 and %79 for SPECT and %90 and %92 for stress echocardiography.Conclusions The results of this study indicate that stress echocardiography is the cost-effective modality in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease compared with SPECT. According to the results, it is suggested cardiologists use stress echocardiography instead of SPECT for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. The result of the current study has significant concepts for decision-making in designing clinical guidelines for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease.