bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Targeting HECTD3-IKKα axis inhibits inflammation-related metastasis
Authors: Li Fubing , Liang Huichun , You Hua , Xiao Ji , Xia Houjun , Chen Xi , Huang Maobo , Cheng Zhuo , Yang Chuanyu , Liu Wenjing , Zhang Hailin , Zeng Li , Wu Yingying , Ge Fei , Li Zhen , Zhou Wenhui , Wen Yi , Zhou Zhongmei , Liu Rong , Jiang Dewei , Xie Ni , Liang Bin , Liu Zhenzhen , Kong Yanjie , Chen Ceshi
Published: August 2022

Metastasis is the leading cause of cancer-related death. The interactions between circulating tumor cells and endothelial adhesion molecules in distant organs is a key step during extravasation in hematogenous metastasis. Surgery is a common intervention for most primary solid tumors. However, surgical trauma-related systemic inflammation facilitates distant tumor metastasis by increasing the spread and adhesion of tumor cells to vascular endothelial cells (ECs). Currently, there are no effective interventions to prevent distant metastasis. Here, we show that HECTD3 deficiency in ECs significantly reduces tumor metastasis in multiple mouse models. HECTD3 depletion downregulates expression of adhesion molecules, such as VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and E-selectin, in mouse primary ECs and HUVECs stimulated by inflammatory factors and inhibits adhesion of tumor cells to ECs both in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrate that HECTD3 promotes stabilization, nuclear localization and kinase activity of IKKα by ubiquitinating IKKα with K27- and K63-linked polyubiquitin chains at K296, increasing phosphorylation of histone H3 to promote NF-κB target gene transcription. Knockout of HECTD3 in endothelium significantly inhibits tumor cells lung colonization, while conditional knockin promotes that. IKKα kinase inhibitors prevented LPS-induced pulmonary metastasis. These findings reveal the promotional role of the HECTD3-IKKα axis in tumor hematogenous metastasis and provide a potential strategy for tumor metastasis prevention.
Cancer-associated fibroblasts-derived extracellular vesicles carrying lncRNA SNHG3 facilitate colorectal cancer cell proliferation via the miR-34b-5p/HuR/HOXC6 axis
Authors: Zhao Jiangning , Lin Huanrong , Huang Kunsong , Li Shen
Published: August 2022

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) can mediate tumorigenesis. Long noncoding RNA (LncRNA) SNHG3 is implicated in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression. The current study sought to clarify the role of CAFs-EVs carrying SNHG3 in CRC cell proliferation. Firstly, CAFs and normal fibroblasts (NFs) were cultured and identified, followed by isolation and characterization of CAFs-EVs and NFs-EVs. CRC cells were cultured with CAFs-EVs or CAFs-EVs overexpressing SNHG3. The effects of SNHG3 on CRC cell proliferation was evaluated using CCK-8, colony formation, and EdU staining assays. The binding relationships among SNHG3, miR-34b-5p, and HuR were validated, in addition to analyzing the binding between HuR and HOXC6. Lastly, xenograft tumor model was established to verify the role of CAFs-EVs carrying SNHG3 in vivo. SNHG3 was highly expressed in CRC cells and CAFs-EVs, whereas CAFs-EVs facilitated CRC cell proliferation. Mechanically, CAFs-EVs carried SNHG3 into CRC cells to upregulate HuR expression by competitively binding to miR-34b-5p, promote the binding of HuR and HOXC6, and enhance HOXC6 transcription. miR-34b-5p over-expression or HOXC6 silencing annulled the effect of CAFs-EVs. SNHG3 carried by CAFs-EVs facilitated CRC proliferationviathe miR-34b-5p/HuR/HOXC6 axis in vivo. Collectively, our findings indicated that CAFs-EVs carried SNHG3 into CRC cells to upregulate HuR expression by sponging miR-34b-5p and finally enhance HOXC6 transcription, thereby facilitating CRC cell proliferation.
Identification of IOMA-class neutralizing antibodies targeting the CD4-binding site on the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein
Authors: van Schooten Jelle , Farokhi Elinaz , Schorcht Anna , van den Kerkhof Tom L. G. M. , Gao Hongmei , van der Woude Patricia , Burger Judith A. , Meesters Tim G. Rijkhold , Bijl Tom , Ghalaiyini Riham , Turner Hannah L. , Dorning Jessica , van Schaik Barbera D. C. , van Kampen Antoine H. C. , Labranche Celia C. , Stanfield Robyn L. , Sok Devin , Montefiori David C. , Burton Dennis R. , Seaman Michael S. , Ozorowski Gabriel , Wilson Ian A. , Sanders Rogier W. , Ward Andrew B. , van Gils Marit J.
Published: August 2022

A major goal of current HIV-1 vaccine design efforts is to induce broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs). The VH1-2-derived bNAb IOMA directed to the CD4-binding site of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein is of interest because, unlike the better-known VH1-2-derived VRC01-class bNAbs, it does not require a rare short light chain complementarity-determining region 3 (CDRL3). Here, we describe three IOMA-class NAbs, ACS101-103, with up to 37% breadth, that share many characteristics with IOMA, including an average-length CDRL3. Cryo-electron microscopy revealed that ACS101 shares interactions with those observed with other VH1-2 and VH1-46-class bNAbs, but exhibits a unique binding mode to residues in loop D. Analysis of longitudinal sequences from the patient suggests that a transmitter/founder-virus lacking the N276 glycan might have initiated the development of these NAbs. Together these data strengthen the rationale for germline-targeting vaccination strategies to induce IOMA-class bNAbs and provide a wealth of sequence and structural information to support such strategies.
An intranasal ASO therapeutic targeting SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Zhu Chi , Lee Justin Y. , Woo Jia Z. , Xu Lei , Nguyenla Xammy , Yamashiro Livia H. , Ji Fei , Biering Scott B. , Van Dis Erik , Gonzalez Federico , Fox Douglas , Wehri Eddie , Rustagi Arjun , Pinsky Benjamin A. , Schaletzky Julia , Blish Catherine A. , Chiu Charles , Harris Eva , Sadreyev Ruslan I. , Stanley Sarah , Kauppinen Sakari , Rouskin Silvi , Näär Anders M.
Published: August 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic is exacting an increasing toll worldwide, with new SARS-CoV-2 variants emerging that exhibit higher infectivity rates and that may partially evade vaccine and antibody immunity. Rapid deployment of non-invasive therapeutic avenues capable of preventing infection by all SARS-CoV-2 variants could complement current vaccination efforts and help turn the tide on the COVID-19 pandemic. Here, we describe a novel therapeutic strategy targeting the SARS-CoV-2 RNA using locked nucleic acid antisense oligonucleotides (LNA ASOs). We identify an LNA ASO binding to the 5′ leader sequence of SARS-CoV-2 that disrupts a highly conserved stem-loop structure with nanomolar efficacy in preventing viral replication in human cells. Daily intranasal administration of this LNA ASO in the COVID-19 mouse model potently suppresses viral replication (>80-fold) in the lungs of infected mice. We find that the LNA ASO is efficacious in countering all SARS-CoV-2 “variants of concern” tested both in vitro and in vivo. Hence, inhaled LNA ASOs targeting SARS-CoV-2 represents a promising therapeutic approach to reduce or prevent transmission and decrease severity of COVID-19 in infected individuals. LNA ASOs are chemically stable and can be flexibly modified to target different viral RNA sequences and could be stockpiled for future coronavirus pandemics.
The role of gene expression and symbiosis in reef-building coral acquired heat tolerance
Authors: Strader Marie E. , Quigley Kate M.
Published: August 2022

Predicting how reef-building corals will respond to accelerating ocean warming caused by climate change requires knowledge of how acclimation and symbiosis modulate heat tolerance in coral early life-history stages. We assayed transcriptional responses to heat in larvae and juveniles of 11 reproductive crosses of Acropora tenuis colonies along the Great Barrier Reef. Larvae produced from the warmest reef had the highest heat tolerance, although gene expression responses to heat were largely conserved by cross identity. Juvenile transcriptional responses were driven strongly by symbiosis – when in symbiosis with heat-evolved Symbiodiniaceae, hosts displayed intermediate expression between its progenitor Cladocopium and the more stress tolerant Durusdinium, indicating the acquisition of tolerance is a conserved evolutionary process in symbionts. Heat-evolved Symbiodiniaceae facilitated juvenile survival under heat stress, although host transcriptional responses to heat were positively correlated among those hosting different genera of Symbiodiniaceae. These findings reveal the relative contribution of parental environmental history as well as symbiosis establishment in coral molecular responses to heat in early life-history stages.
Genome-wide associations of aortic distensibility suggest causality for aortic aneurysms and brain white matter hyperintensities
Authors: Francis Catherine M. , Futschik Matthias E. , Huang Jian , Bai Wenjia , Sargurupremraj Muralidharan , Teumer Alexander , Breteler Monique M. B. , Petretto Enrico , Ho Amanda S. R. , Amouyel Philippe , Engelter Stefan T. , Bülow Robin , Völker Uwe , Völzke Henry , Dörr Marcus , Imtiaz Mohammed-Aslam , Aziz N. Ahmad , Lohner Valerie , Ware James S. , Debette Stephanie , Elliott Paul , Dehghan Abbas , Matthews Paul M.
Published: August 2022

Aortic dimensions and distensibility are key risk factors for aortic aneurysms and dissections, as well as for other cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. We present genome-wide associations of ascending and descending aortic distensibility and area derived from cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data of up to 32,590 Caucasian individuals in UK Biobank. We identify 102 loci (including 27 novel associations) tagging genes related to cardiovascular development, extracellular matrix production, smooth muscle cell contraction and heritable aortic diseases. Functional analyses highlight four signalling pathways associated with aortic distensibility (TGF-β, IGF, VEGF and PDGF). We identify distinct sex-specific associations with aortic traits. We develop co-expression networks associated with aortic traits and apply phenome-wide Mendelian randomization (MR-PheWAS), generating evidence for a causal role for aortic distensibility in development of aortic aneurysms. Multivariable MR suggests a causal relationship between aortic distensibility and cerebral white matter hyperintensities, mechanistically linking aortic traits and brain small vessel disease.
Atomic-scale thermopower in charge density wave states
Authors: Kim Dohyun , Shin Eui-Cheol , Lee Yongjoon , Lee Young Hee , Zhao Mali , Kim Yong-Hyun , Yang Heejun
Published: August 2022

The microscopic origins of thermopower have been investigated to design efficient thermoelectric devices, but strongly correlated quantum states such as charge density waves and Mott insulating phase remain to be explored for atomic-scale thermopower engineering. Here, we report on thermopower and phonon puddles in the charge density wave states in 1T-TaS2, probed by scanning thermoelectric microscopy. The Star-of-David clusters of atoms in 1T-TaS2 exhibit counterintuitive variations in thermopower with broken three-fold symmetry at the atomic scale, originating from the localized nature of valence electrons and their interlayer coupling in the Mott insulating charge density waves phase of 1T-TaS2. Additionally, phonon puddles are observed with a spatial range shorter than the conventional mean free path of phonons, revealing the phonon propagation and scattering in the subsurface structures of 1T-TaS2.
Reconfigurable hyperbolic polaritonics with correlated oxide metasurfaces
Authors: Aghamiri Neda Alsadat , Hu Guangwei , Fali Alireza , Zhang Zhen , Li Jiahan , Balendhran Sivacarendran , Walia Sumeet , Sriram Sharath , Edgar James H. , Ramanathan Shriram , Alù Andrea , Abate Yohannes
Published: August 2022

Polaritons enable subwavelength confinement and highly anisotropic flows of light over a wide spectral range, holding the promise for applications in modern nanophotonic and optoelectronic devices. However, to fully realize their practical application potential, facile methods enabling nanoscale active control of polaritons are needed. Here, we introduce a hybrid polaritonic-oxide heterostructure platform consisting of van der Waals crystals, such as hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) or alpha-phase molybdenum trioxide (α-MoO3), transferred on nanoscale oxygen vacancy patterns on the surface of prototypical correlated perovskite oxide, samarium nickel oxide, SmNiO3 (SNO). Using a combination of scanning probe microscopy and infrared nanoimaging techniques, we demonstrate nanoscale reconfigurability of complex hyperbolic phonon polaritons patterned at the nanoscale with high resolution. Hydrogenation and temperature modulation allow spatially localized conductivity modulation of SNO nanoscale patterns, enabling robust real-time modulation and nanoscale reconfiguration of hyperbolic polaritons. Our work paves the way towards nanoscale programmable metasurface engineering for reconfigurable nanophotonic applications.
A Multi-Modal Gait Database of Natural Everyday-Walk in an Urban Environment
Authors: Losing Viktor , Hasenjäger Martina
Published: August 2022

Human gait data have traditionally been recorded in controlled laboratory environments focusing on single aspects in isolation. In contrast, the database presented here provides recordings of everyday walk scenarios in a natural urban environment, including synchronized IMU−, FSR−, and gaze data. Twenty healthy participants (five females, fifteen males, between 18 and 69 years old, 178.5 ± 7.64 cm, 72.9 ± 8.7 kg) wore a full-body Lycra suit with 17 IMU sensors, insoles with eight pressure sensing cells per foot, and a mobile eye tracker. They completed three different walk courses, where each trial consisted of several minutes of walking, including a variety of common elements such as ramps, stairs, and pavements. The data is annotated in detail to enable machine-learning-based analysis and prediction. We anticipate the data set to provide a foundation for research that considers natural everyday walk scenarios with transitional motions and the interaction between gait and gaze during walking.
Tartaric acid as a novel additive for approaching high-performance capacity retention in zinc-ion battery
Authors: Molaei Erfan , Doroodmand Mohammad Mahdi , Shaali Ruhollah
Published: August 2022

Among the rechargeable batteries, aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs), due to their safety, low cost, eco-friendly, and simplicity in construction, have received much attentions. One of the most critical parts of the battery technology is the electrolyte additives, which have been less studied against their essential roles. To develop the quality of these batteries, specific parameters such as economics, easy design, significant time duration, high electrical discharge, fast charge/discharge rate, acceptable power/ energy density, and acceptable cycle efficiency are essential. In this report, is focused on the aqueous solution of some white crystalline organic acids as novel electrolyte additives such as succinic, tartaric, citric, maleic, and/or acetic acids as battery over-voltage reducing agents to modify the electrical performance of the ZIBs. For instance, significant characteristics of tartaric acid as specially selected electrolyte additive to the ZIBs, exhibit an excellent capacity up to 374 mAh g−1with acceptable rate capability and high-capacity retention as large as 91.0% after 7200 cycles. To investigate the battery behavior and propose the probable mechanism behind this phenomenon, some analytical methods are utilized.
Indication of social buffering in disbudded calves
Authors: Bučková Katarína , Moravcsíková Ágnes , Šárová Radka , Rajmon Radko , Špinka Marek
Published: August 2022

Most dairy calves are housed individually in early ontogeny but social housing has positive effects on calf welfare including an advantage of social buffering, i.e., when negative effects of stress are mitigated through social support of conspecific. The effects of social buffering has not yet been examined in relation to disbudding; a painful husbandry procedure commonly performed on young dairy calves. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of pair versus individual housing on calves’ behavioral reaction to disbudding. In total 52 female calves were randomly allocated either to individual (n = 16) or pair housing (n = 36, 18 focal). Calves were hot-iron disbudded with a local anesthetic and their spontaneous behavior in home pens was recorded for 24 h pre- and post-disbudding. Eating forage, ruminating, resting, exploration, play, self-grooming, and pain-related behaviors were quantified during eight 20 min intervals during the 24 h periods pre- as well as post-disbudding. In pair-housed (PAIR) calves social resting, active and passive allo-grooming were additionally recorded. The differences between individually housed (INDI, n = 10) and PAIR calves (n = 12) were tested by general linear models. The changes in pre- and post-disbudding behaviors in all calves as well as in social behaviors of PAIR calves were tested by paired t-test. We found that head shaking (t =  − 3.46, P = 0.0024), head rubbing (t = 4.96, P < 0.0001) and self-grooming (t = 2.11, P = 0.04) increased in all calves after disbudding. Eating forage increased only in PAIR calves (t = 2.50, P = 0.030) which also resulted in a difference between treatments with PAIR calves fed more often than INDI calves (F1,18 = 12.96, P = 0.002). Differences in eating forage may be an indication of improved ability of PAIR calves to recover from disbudding. No other significant differences were detected between treatment groups which might have been caused by our limited sample. Our results provide the first evidence that housing treatment affects calves’ reactions to disbudding, with possible indication of social buffering.
Methods to capture proteomic and metabolomic signatures from cerebrospinal fluid and serum of healthy individuals
Authors: Lilley Laura M. , Sanche Steven , Moore Shepard C. , Salemi Michelle R. , Vu Dung , Iyer Srinivas , Hengartner Nicolas W. , Mukundan Harshini
Published: August 2022

Discovery of reliable signatures for the empirical diagnosis of neurological diseases—both infectious and non-infectious—remains unrealized. One of the primary challenges encountered in such studies is the lack of a comprehensive database representative of a signature background that exists in healthy individuals, and against which an aberrant event can be assessed. For neurological insults and injuries, it is important to understand the normal profile in the neuronal (cerebrospinal fluid) and systemic fluids (e.g., blood). Here, we present the first comparative multi-omic human database of signatures derived from a population of 30 individuals (15 males, 15 females, 23–74 years) of serum and cerebrospinal fluid. In addition to empirical signatures, we also assigned common pathways between serum and CSF. Together, our findings provide a cohort against which aberrant signature profiles in individuals with neurological injuries/disease can be assessed—providing a pathway for comprehensive diagnostics and therapeutics discovery.
A comprehensive analysis of gasdermin family gene as therapeutic targets in pan-cancer
Authors: Huo Cheng-Long , Deng Yan , Sun Zhen-Gang
Published: August 2022

Six members of the gasdermin family are involved in various biological functions in malignant tumors. The present study aimed to perform a comprehensive analysis of gasdermin family genes in pan-cancer. Raw data was acquired from the genotype-tissue expression (GTEx) and the Cancer Genome Atlas. High inter-tumor heterogeneity in the expression between paracancerous and tumor tissues was observed across cancers. Survival analysis confirmed that the risk or protective effects of gasdermin family members on prognosis depended on the cancer types. The mutation frequency appeared to be high, and the mutation group had a worse prognosis. Besides, gasdermin family genes were associated with immune infiltrate subtypes, stromal and immune cell infiltration levels, TMB, MSI, immune checkpoint gene expression, and tumor stemness scores. Moreover, gasdermin family gene expressions affected the expressions of MMR genes and methyltransferases and could predict cancer cells sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs. Subsequently, the findings were double-checked in LIHC and PAAD. GSEA results indicated the gasdermin family genes mainly involved in tumor metabolism and immune microenvironment remodeling related signaling pathways. In conclusion, our findings confirmed that gasdermin family genes were potential therapeutic cancer targets in pan-cancer.
The relationship between tooth loss and hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tada Akio , Tano Rumi , Miura Hiroko
Published: August 2022

As tooth loss is the high end of periodontal problems and edentulous individuals are at higher risk of nutritional problems like obesity, understanding the association between tooth loss and hypertension is important for improving cardiovascular health. We searched for publications from the last two decades using three electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus) and conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the association between tooth loss and hypertension according to PRISMA-P guidelines. Quality assessments were performed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and the GRADE approach. Twenty-four studies (20 cross-sectional, and 4 cohort) met the inclusion criteria for this review. Most cross-sectional studies showed that subjects with more tooth loss exhibited a greater proportion of hypertension and higher systolic blood pressure than those with less tooth loss. Meta-analyses revealed a statistically significant association between tooth loss and hypertension. The pooled odds ratios of hypertension for having tooth loss with no tooth loss and for edentulous with dentate were 2.22 (95% CI 2.00–2.45) and 4.94 (95% CI 4.04–6.05), respectively. In cohort studies, subjects with more tooth loss had a greater incidence of hypertension than those with less tooth loss during the follow-up period. The present systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that tooth loss is associated with an increased risk of hypertension and higher systolic blood pressure.
Obstructive sleep apnea, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and hypertensive microvascular disease: a cross-sectional observational cohort study
Authors: Chew Sky , Colville Deb , Hutchinson Anastasia , Canty Piers , Hodgson Lauren , Savige Judy
Published: August 2022

Hypertensive microvascular disease is associated with an increased risk of diastolic heart failure, vascular dementia and progressive renal impairment. This study examined whether individuals with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) had more retinal hypertensive microvascular disease than those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and hospital controls. This was a single-centre, cross-sectional, observational study of participants recruited consecutively from a general respiratory clinic and a general medical clinic. OSA was diagnosed on overnight polysomnography study (apnoea:hypopnoea index ≥ 5), and controls with COPD had a forced expiratory volume/forced vital capacity (forced expiratory ratio) < 70%. Individuals with both OSA and COPD were excluded. Hospital controls had no COPD on respiratory function testing and no OSA on specialist physician questioning. Study participants completed a medical questionnaire, and underwent resting BP measurement, and retinal photography with a non-mydriatic camera. Images were deidentified and graded for microvascular retinopathy (Wong and Mitchell classification), and arteriole and venular calibre using a semiautomated method at a grading centre. Individuals with OSA (n = 79) demonstrated a trend to a higher mean arterial pressure than other hospital patients (n = 143) (89.2 ± 8.9 mmHg, p = 0.02), and more microvascular retinopathy (p < 0.001), and narrower retinal arterioles (134.2 ± 15.9 μm and 148.0 ± 16.2 μm respectively, p < 0.01). Microvascular retinopathy and arteriolar narrowing were still more common in OSA than hospital controls, after adjusting for age, BMI, mean arterial pressure, smoking history and dyslipidaemia (p < 0.01, p < 0.01, respectively). Individuals with OSA demonstrated a trend to a higher mean arterial pressure than those with COPD (n = 132, 93.2 ± 12.2 mmHg and 89.7 ± 12.8 mmHg respectively, p = 0.07), and more microvascular retinopathy (p = 0.0001) and narrower arterioles (134.2 ± 15.9 and 152.3 ± 16.8, p < 0.01). Individuals with OSA alone had more systemic microvascular disease than those with COPD alone or other hospital patients without OSA and COPD, despite being younger in age.
Classical harmonic three-body system: an experimental electronic realization
Authors: Escobar-Ruiz A. M. , Quiroz-Juarez M. A. , Del Rio-Correa J. L. , Aquino N.
Published: August 2022

The classical three-body harmonic system in $${\mathbb {R}}^d$$

R

d

($$d>1$$

d
>
1

) with finite rest lengths and zero total angular momentum $$L=0$$

L
=
0

is considered. This model describes the dynamics of the $$L=0$$

L
=
0

near-equilibrium configurations of three point masses $$(m_1,m_2,m_3)$$

(

m
1

,

m
2

,

m
3

)

with arbitrary pairwise potential $$V(r_{ij})$$

V
(

r

ij

)

that solely depends on the relative distances between bodies. It exhibits an interesting mixed regular and chaotic dynamics as a function of the energy and the system parameters. The corresponding harmonic quantum system plays a fundamental role in atomic and molecular physics. In this work we report on a novel electronic experimental realization of the model as a complementary tool to analyze the rich dynamics of the classical system. Our setup allows us to experimentally explore different regions of behavior due to the fact that the intrinsic parameters and initial states of the system are independently set by voltage inputs. Chaotic and periodic motions are characterized employing time series, phase planes, and the largest Lyapunov exponents as a function of the energy and system parameters. The results show an excellent qualitative as well as quantitative agreement between theory and experiment.
Extracellular vesicles derived from GMSCs stimulated with TNF-α and IFN-α promote M2 macrophage polarization via enhanced CD73 and CD5L expression
Authors: Watanabe Yukari , Fukuda Takao , Hayashi Chikako , Nakao Yuki , Toyoda Masaaki , Kawakami Kentaro , Shinjo Takanori , Iwashita Misaki , Yamato Hiroaki , Yotsumoto Karen , Taketomi Takaharu , Uchiumi Takeshi , Sanui Terukazu , Nishimura Fusanori
Published: August 2022

Immunoregulatory properties of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are promising. Gingival tissue-derived MSCs (GMSCs) have unique immunoregulatory capacity and secrete large amounts of EVs. Recent findings suggest that priming MSCs with inflammatory stimuli is an effective strategy for cell-free therapy. However, the precise mechanism by which the contents of EVs are customized has not been fully elucidated. Here, we show that EVs derived from GMSCs primed with a combination of two pro-inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-α (IFN-α), synergistically promote anti-inflammatory M2 macrophage polarization by increasing the expression of cluster of differentiation 73 (CD73) and CD5 molecule-like (CD5L). Expression of CD73 by TNF-α/IFN-α stimulation was transcriptionally upregulated by the activation of mammalian target of rapamycin signaling and nuclear translocation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α in GMSCs. TNF-α/IFN-α treatment also significantly increased the expression of CD5L mRNA via the transcription factor DNA-binding protein inhibitor ID3 and liver X receptor. Interestingly, exosomal CD5L is a prerequisite for the synergistic effect of EVs-mediated M2 macrophage polarization. These results indicate that combined pre-licensing with TNF-α and IFN-α in GMSCs is ideal for enhancing the anti-inflammatory function of EVs, which contributes to the establishment of a therapeutic tool.
Understanding catalyst deactivation during the direct cracking of crude oil
Authors: Alabdullah Mohammed A. , Shoinkhorova Tuiana , Dikhtiarenko Alla , Ould-Chikh Samy , Rodriguez-Gomez Alberto , Chung Sang-ho , Alahmadi Arwa O. , Hita Idoia , Pairis Sébastien , Hazemann Jean-louis , Castaño Pedro , Ruiz-Martinez Javier , Morales Osorio Isidoro , Almajnouni Khalid , Xu Wei , Gascon Jorge
Published: August 2022

In the formulation of zeolite-based catalysts for the direct cracking of crude, the use of kaolin matrixes prevents, to a large extent, zeolite dealumination. Metals and other impurities in crude oil provoke a slight decrease in activity and selectivity patterns.
Understanding the structure–activity relationship and performance of highly active novel ATRP catalysts
Authors: Kröckert Konstantin W. , Garg Felix , Heinz Michel V. , Lange Justin , Simões Patricia P. , Schmidt Regina , Bienemann Olga , Hoffmann Alexander , Herres-Pawlis Sonja
Published: August 2022

Copper bromide complexes based on guanidine-quinolinyl and -pyridinyl ligands are suitable catalysts for atom transfer radical polymerisation (ATRP). Changes in the ligand design influence the complex geometry and their catalytic activity.
Anchoring Ce-modified Ni(OH)2nanoparticles on Ni-MOF nanosheets to enhances the oxygen evolution performance
Authors: Liu Dongying , Zhao Zhifeng , Xu Zhikun , Li Lin , Lin Shuangyan
Published: August 2022

A self-supporting electrode of Ce-m-Ni(OH)2@Ni-MOF has been prepared by anchoring Ce-modified Ni(OH)2nanoparticles on Ni-MOF nanosheets, and it exhibits enhanced OER performance.
Design of a novel asymmetric capacitive deionization device with high desalination performance
Authors: Liu Qilin , Li Xiaoqin , Xiao Dan
Published: August 2022

It is a serious challenge to develop a capacitive deionization device (CDI) with high electrosorption capacity, high desalination rate and low energy consumption.
Protein-structure-dependent spectral shifts of near-infrared photoluminescence from locally functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes based on avidin–biotin interactions
Authors: Niidome Yoshiaki , Wakabayashi Rie , Goto Masahiro , Fujigaya Tsuyohiko , Shiraki Tomohiro
Published: August 2022

Avidin-structure-dependent photoluminescence spectral shifts in the near-infrared region are observed for biotin-modified single-walled carbon nanotubes with luminescent defects, in which a film device enhances the detection signals.
An inflammation-targeted nanoparticle with bacteria forced release of polymyxin B for pneumonia therapy
Authors: Zhang Peisen , Ouyang Qiuhong , Zhai Tianshu , Sun Jing , Wu Jun , Qin Feng , Zhang Ni , Yue Saisai , Yang Xinchen , Zhang Hanyi , Hou Yi , Deng Li , Wang Fang , Zhan Qingyuan , Yu Qingsong , Qin Meng , Gan Zhihua
Published: August 2022

PMB-HA nanoparticles constructed by self-assembly of hyaluronic acid and polymyxin B can precisely target the CD44 receptors over-expressed in pneumonia region and kill bacteria through the competitive binding of polymyxin B and lipopolysaccharide.
Quantitative electrostatic force tomography for virus capsids in interaction with an approaching nanoscale probe
Authors: Cooper Christopher D. , Addison-Smith Ian , Guzman Horacio V.
Published: August 2022

Electrostatic interactions are crucial for the assembly and stability of virus capsids. Here we show with a high-res model the charge, dielectric and salt contributions of specific amino acids to the interaction force between a nanoprobe and viruses.
Advancing integrated CO2 electrochemical conversion with amine-based CO2 capture: a review
Authors: Li Mengran , Yang Kailun , Abdinejad Maryam , Zhao Chuan , Burdyny Thomas
Published: August 2022

This review paper provides an overview of the fundamental and applied aspects of advancing carbon dioxide electrolysis for the integrated amine-based CO2 capture and conversion.
Electrical conductivity of a single parallel contact between carbon nanotubes
Authors: Hamasaki Hiromu , Nagahama Sougo , Hirahara Kaori
Published: August 2022

In situ measurements of the electrical resistance of a parallel contact between carbon nanotubes were performed. The electrical conductivities of individual nanotubes and the interface were derived by varying the contact length systematically.
Sonochemistry-assisted photocontrolled atom transfer radical polymerization enabled by manganese carbonyl
Authors: Wang Chen , Fan Wenru , Li Zexuan , Xiong Jiaqiang , Zhang Wei , Wang Zhenhua
Published: August 2022

Sonochemistry-assisted photocontrolled atom transfer radical polymerization (SAP-ATRP) is developed to circumvent the problem caused by the low penetration depth of light.
Versatile strategies to tailor the glass transition temperatures of bottlebrush polymers
Authors: Dearman Michael , Ogbonna Nduka D. , Amofa Chamberlain A. , Peters Andrew J. , Lawrence Jimmy
Published: August 2022

The glass transition temperature (Tg) of bottlebrush polymers can be controlledviaside-chain length, blend composition and brush topology. Elucidating interactions between these parameters and their design rules enables accurate targeting ofTgat arbitrary molecular weights.
Highly selective electrophilic B(9)-amination of o-carborane driven by HOTf and HFIP
Authors: Wang Yan , Gao Yan , Guo Wenjing , Zhao Qianyi , Ma Yan-Na , Chen Xuenian
Published: August 2022

An efficient B(9) electrophilic amination of o-carboranes with azodicarboxylates, promoted by a Brønsted acid and HFIP, was developed.
Diastereoconvergent synthesis of anti-1,2-amino alcohols with N-containing quaternary stereocenters via selenium-catalyzed intermolecular C–H amination
Authors: Zheng Tianyi , Berman Janna L. , Michael Forrest E.
Published: August 2022

We report a diastereoconvergent synthesis of anti-1,2-amino alcohols bearing N-containing quaternary stereocenters using an intermolecular direct C–H amination of homoallylic alcohol derivatives catalyzed by a phosphine selenide.
Palladium-catalyzed difluoroalkylative carbonylation of styrenes toward difluoropentanedioates
Authors: Bao Zhi-Peng , Zhang Youcan , Wu Xiao-Feng
Published: August 2022

An interesting palladium-catalyzed difluoroalkylative carbonylation of aryl olefins has been developed. A wide range of aryl olefins were transformed into the corresponding difluoropentanedioate compounds with good functional-group tolerance and excellent regioselectivity.
Photomediated reductive coupling of nitroarenes with aldehydes for amide synthesis
Authors: Li Qingyao , Dai Peng , Tang Haidi , Zhang Muliang , Wu Jie
Published: August 2022

In view of the widespread significance of amide functional groups in organic synthesis and pharmaceutical studies, an efficient and practical synthetic protocol that avoids the use of stoichiometric activating reagents or metallic reductants is highly desirable.
Harvesting the aeolian vibration energy of transmission lines using an omnidirectional broadband triboelectric nanogenerator in smart grids
Authors: Tong Xunwei , Tan Yisong , Zhang Pan , Cao Yubao , Wang Yuqi , Li Xiang , Ren Liwei , Cheng Tinghai
Published: August 2022

An omnidirectional broadband triboelectric nanogenerator is proposed for harvesting the aeolian vibration energy of transmission lines. The harvester supplied 109.8 V RMS voltage and 4.02 mW RMS power.
Multiple Mechanisms of Word Learning in Late-Talking Children: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Cheung Rachael W. , Hartley Calum , Monaghan Padraic
Published: August 2022

Purpose:

The aim of this study was to identify variability in word-learning mechanisms used by late-talking children using a longitudinal study design, which may explain variability in late-talking children's outcomes.

Method:

A cohort of typically developing children (
n
= 40) and children who were classified as late-talking children at age 2;0 (years;months; ≤ 10th percentile on expressive vocabulary,
n
= 21) were followed up at ages 3;0 and 3;6. We tested the cohort across tasks designed to isolate different mechanisms involved in word learning: encoding and producing spoken forms of words (using a nonword repetition task), identifying referents for words (using a fast mapping task), and learning associations between words and referents (using a cross-situational word-learning task).

Results:

Late-talking children had lower accuracy on nonword repetition than typically developing children, despite most of the sample reaching typical ranges for expressive vocabulary at age 3;6. There were no between-groups differences in fast mapping and retention accuracy; however, both were predicted by concurrent expressive vocabulary. Late-talking children performed less accurately than typically developing children on cross-situational word-learning retention trials, despite showing no between-groups differences during training trials. Combining performance across all three tasks predicted approximately 45% of the variance in vocabulary outcomes at the last time point.

Conclusions:

Late-talking children continue to have deficits in phonological representation that impact their word-learning ability and expressive language abilities but do not show difficulties in fast mapping novel words. Late-talking children may also struggle to retain associative information about word–referent mappings. Late-talking children thus use some, but not all, word-learning mechanisms differently than typically developing children.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.20405856
Pilot Study of Respiratory–Swallow Coordination in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Garand Kendrea L. (Focht) , Bhutada Ankita M. , Hopkins-Rossabi Theresa , Mulekar Madhuri S. , Carnaby Giselle
Published: August 2022

Purpose:

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) impacts bulbar and respiratory musculature, which may contribute to impaired swallow function (dysphagia) and respiratory–swallow coordination. The purpose of this pilot study was to examine if respiratory–swallow coordination in individuals with ALS was perturbed compared to healthy controls. We further explored relationships between measures of respiratory function and self-reported swallowing outcomes on respiratory–swallow coordination.

Method:

We employed a cross-sectional design with eight participants with ALS and eight age- and sex-matched healthy participants. Respiratory inductance plethysmography and a nasal cannula were used to capture respiratory–swallow phase patterns during a standardized clinical swallow examination. The advantageous respiratory–swallow phase pattern was defined if exhalation surrounded the swallow (E–E). Spirometry was used to capture indices of respiratory function (forced vital capacity % predicted, peak cough flow [PCF]). Validated questionnaires were used to collect information regarding ALS-related bulbar functional status and swallowing-related concerns.

Results:

Compared to the matched healthy cohort, individuals with ALS demonstrated higher rates of non–E-E respiratory–swallow phase patterning and worse bulbar/swallow dysfunction. Group (ALS), swallow tasks, and PCF were significantly associated with respiratory–swallow phase pattern.

Conclusions:

These preliminary findings support altered respiratory–swallow phase patterning in ALS. Future work should employ an instrumental assessment to quantify swallowing physiology and elucidate the relationship between perturbed respiratory–swallow coordination and swallowing function.
Distributed robust cooperative tracking against multiple maneuvering targets based on random finite set
Authors: Zhang Zheng , Dong Xiwang , Li Qingdong , Ren Zhang
Published: August 2022

This paper considers the distributed multi‐target tracking problem with mobile sensor network. Based on the random finite set and consensus methods, a distributed multi‐target tracking algorithm is designed by local filtering stage and consensus fusion stage. In the local filtering stage, the state and measurement information of multi‐target are described by random finite set. Each node in the sensor network obtains the state estimates of multi‐target individually by applying the probability hypothesis density filtering algorithm. To reduce the computational complexity, the Jacobian matrix and Hessian matrix are used to calculate the priori probability density. With the local neighboring interactions, the estimate results of multi‐target system are obtained after the consensus fusion stage. Besides, the stochastic boundedness of the estimation error of the distributed multi‐target tracking algorithm is proved by constructing a stochastic process. In the final, a simulation example is given to verify the multi‐target tracking performance of the proposed algorithm.
Design of ± 535 kV hybrid high voltage direct current (HVDC) circuit breaker
Authors: Liu Chenyang , Yao Weizheng , Xiang Chuan , Cheng Xufeng , Wang Qinglong
Published: August 2022

This paper proposes a ± 535 kV hybrid high voltage direct current (HVDC) circuit breaker. In this paper, the interruption processes of the main branch, transferring branch, and MOV (metal oxide varistors) branch are studied by PSCAD/EMTDC computer simulation. Simulation results indicate that an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) in the main branch will withstand the highest electrical stress (3305 V/2200 A) and the IGBT in the transferring branch will withstand the highest voltage stress (3327 V). Finally, the ± 535 kV hybrid HVDC circuit breaker prototype is manufactured; the test is carried out. Test results suggest that the ± 535 kV hybrid HVDC circuit breaker prototype developed for the Zhangbei four‐terminal voltage source converter (VSC)‐HVDC project can interrupt a ± 25 kA (high current) within 2.84 ms. The simulation results agreed very well with the actual test results of our novel ± 535 kV hybrid HVDC circuit breaker. The novel ± 535 kV hybrid HVDC circuit breaker functioned exceptionally well in achieving fast short‐circuit current isolation.
ImDeeplabV3plus with instance selective whitening loss in domain generalization semantic segmentation
Authors: Zhang You , Chen Houjin , Li Yanfeng , Zhou Junqi
Published: August 2022

Semantic segmentation is a classical problem in computer vision, which is important in the field of autonomous driving. Although significant progress has been achieved in semantic segmentation, its generalization ability to unknown domains is still challenging. To effectively solve this problem, a semantic segmentation method ImDeeplabV3plus with instance selective whitening loss is proposed in this paper. DeeplabV3plus is selected as the baseline. In order to enhance the representation of the region of interest, the coordinate attention (CA) mechanism is added. To better integrate multiple low‐level features, the adaptively spatial feature fusion (ASFF) is employed to adaptively learn the importance of features at different levels for each location. For preferably coping with the domain changes, an instance selective whitening (ISW) loss is introduced in the early stage of the backbone. The model is trained with the Cityscapes dataset and then applied to the unknown domain RobotCar dataset. Compared with DeeplabV3plus, the authors’ ImDeeplabV3plus model shows 1.29% mIoU improvement. When ISW loss is added, 2.08% improvement in mIoU is achieved compared with ImDeeplabV3plus. Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and improves the domain generalization ability.
XXL-HSC: Link between AGN activity and star formation in the early Universe (z⩾ 3.5)
Authors: Pouliasis E. , Mountrichas G. , Georgantopoulos I. , Ruiz A. , Gilli R. , Koulouridis E. , Akiyama M. , Ueda Y. , Garrel C. , Nagao T. , Paltani S. , Pierre M. , Toba Y. , Vignali C.
Published: August 2022

In this work, our aim is to investigate the star formation rate (SFR) of the host galaxies of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in the early Universe. To this end, we constructed a sample of 149 luminous (L2 − 10 keV > 1044 erg s−1) X-ray AGNs atz ≥ 3.5 selected in three fields with different depths and observed areas from theChandraCOSMOS Legacy survey, XMM-XXL North, and eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey. We built their spectral energy distributions (SED) using the available multi-wavelength photometry from X-rays up to the far-IR. Then, we estimated the stellar mass,M*, and the SFR of the AGNs using the X-CIGALE SED fitting algorithm. After applying several quality criteria, we ended up with 89 high-zsources. More than half (55%) of the X-ray sample have spectroscopic redshifts. Based on our analysis, our high-zX-ray AGNs live in galaxies with a medianM* = 5.6 × 1010M⊙and SFR* ≈ 240 M⊙yr−1. The majority of the high-zsources (∼89%) were found inside or above the main sequence (MS) of star-forming galaxies. Estimations of the normalised SFR, SFRNORM, defined as the ratio of the SFR of AGNs, to the SFR of MS galaxies, show that the SFR of AGNs is enhanced by a factor of ∼1.8 compared to non-AGN star-forming systems. Combining our results with previous studies at lower redshifts, we confirmed that SFRNORMdoes not evolve with redshift. Using the specific black hole accretion rate (i.e.LXdivided byM*),λBHAR, which can be used as a tracer of the Eddington ratio, we found that the majority of AGNs that lie inside or above the MS have higher specific accretion rates compared to sources below the MS. Finally, we found indications that the SFR of the most massive AGN host galaxies (log (M*/M⊙) > 1011.5 − 12) remains roughly constant as a function ofM*, in agreement with the SFR of MS star-forming galaxies.
Effect of Galactic aberration on Earth orientation parameters: From the ICRF2 to the ICRF3
Authors: Yao J. , Liu J.-C. , Liu N. , Malkin Z. , Zhu Z. , Huda I. Nural , Lambert S. B.
Published: August 2022

Aims. At the beginning of 2019 the third realization of the International Celestial Reference Frame (ICRF3) replaced the previous version (ICRF2). In the current International Celestial Reference Frame (ICRF), a major improvement is the inclusion of the Galactic aberration (GA) effect. The Earth orientation parameters (EOP), which link the celestial and terrestrial reference frames, are thus accordingly affected. This paper investigates the influence of the ICRF evolution and the modeling of the GA effect on the determination of the EOP.

Methods. The EOP time series derived within the frame of two official ICRF realizations, as well as different ways of handling the GA effect, were estimated based on the very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observational data obtained over the past 40 yr. The correlation between the station network and the GA contribution to the EOP was then analyzed by comparison of IVS R1 and R4 routine observations, which have a different distribution of antennas. We also studied the effect of GA on nutation and free core nutation amplitudes by least-squares fits.

Results. The application of different reference frames (ICRF2 and ICRF3) in VLBI solutions leads to constant offsets of 315 microarcsec in the components of dX, dY, and dUT 1. This difference is mainly the reflection of the orientation offsets between the two realizations of the International Celestial Reference System. In a separate study of the GA effect, an approximate 0.3 ± 0.3 uas yr−1 bias is found in dY, while other components are not significantly affected. This bias results in an increasing offset in precession which is non-negligible after several tens of years. We further found that the bias caused by the GA effect will decrease when using a set of more uniformly distributed sources or stations in the most recent decades.