bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Growth responses of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under simulated nitrogen deposition
Authors: Wang Jian , Yang Chenxi , Sun Xiaomei , Zhang Haiou , Guo Zhen , Cao Tingting , Li Juan
Published: November 2021

Anthropogenic nitrogen (N) deposition leads to a dramatically increase in biologically available N in many ecosystems, which can change the symbiotic relationship between AMF and host plants. However, how and to what extent exogenous N-induced AMF could affect plants remains poorly understood. In this work, mycorrhizal growth responses of Sorghum bicolor to AMF under simulated N deposition were conducted in a glasshouse experiment. Results demonstrated that AMF elevated the growth performance and nutrient uptake (N, P) of S. bicolor at almost all treatments, although mycorrhizal colonization decreased with N addition. In addition, mycorrhizal response (MR) showed identical trend of first fall and then increase, and the lowest value was at the N1 treatment. The present study provided the first pot-based evidence that AMF can alleviate the mischief induced by high N addition, implying that AMF has a considerable significance in the farmland ecosystem under anthropogenic N deposition.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(3): 933-938, 2021 (September) Special
Effects of reduced application of special organic fertilizers on tea production
Authors: Liu Jinbao , Jin Minghui , Mao Zhongan
Published: November 2021

A trial of special fertilizer reduction and combined application of organic fertilizer on tea production, nutrients and economic benefits was carried out in the tea garden at Shihe Port, Xinyang, Henan Province, China. The experiment has six treatments of customary fertilization (CK), 100% special fertilizer for tea (T1), nitrogen reduction 20% (T2), 40% (T3), 60% (T4) and 100% (T5), and special fertilizers at the same time. Among the special fertilizer treatments for tea plants, the germination density, 100-bud weight, fresh tea yield, N, P, and K content of new shoots and economic benefits were the highest in T1 treatment, Results showed that the yield range of the five treatments was 460～632.4kg hm2. Compared with CK, the yield increase rates were 6.11, 1.99, -4.21, -13.76 and -22.82%, respectively. The growth rates of barber bud density and 100-bud weight were -20.00～25.83 and 8.40～ 8.40%, respectively. The content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the new shoots varied by 0.623～1.070, 0.047～0.183 and 1.380～2.237%, respectively. Therefore, the special fertilizer for tea plants can reduce the nitrogen by 20% to save costs and increase efficiency.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(3): 939-945, 2021 (September) Special
Effects of perlite, grass charcoal and vermiculite on root growth of isatis (Isatis tinctoria L. Woad) and soil nutrient migration
Authors: Xu Yan , Guo Zhen , Li Juan , Zhang Haiou , Lu Yangjie , Shi Chendi , Cao Tingting
Published: November 2021

Effects of perlite, vermiculite, and grass charcoal on root growth of Isatis and soil nutrients migration were studied, and the plant growth indicators and some soil properties of upper (0~5cm) and lower layer (5~15cm) were analyzed. The experiment treatments were loess (CK), loess : perlite = 3 : 1(A), loess : grass charcoal = 3 : 1(B), loess : vermiculite = 3 : 1(C), loess: perlite: grass charcoal = 6 : 1 : 1(A1), loess: perlite: vermiculite = 6 : 1 : 1(B1), loess: grass charcoal: vermiculite = 6 : 1 : 1(C1). The results showed that soil pH of vermiculite-containing treatments in the upper layer and grass charcoal treatment in the lower layer decreased significantly. Before planting, the available potassium and phosphorus of the upper layer were significantly higher than those of the lower layer, and soil organic matter (SOM) was slightly higher than that of the lower layer. After planting, the decrease of available potassium in the upper layer was less than that of the lower layer, and the decrease of available phosphorus and increase of SOM in the upper layer were slightly higher than that of the lower layer. In sum, it is preferred to choose B (loess : grass charcoal = 3 : 1) and A1 (loess: perlite: grass charcoal = 6 : 1 : 1) to improve the soil nutrient and utilization efficiency.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(3): 947-954, 2021 (September) Special
Soil nutrient evolution under different vegetation types in semiarid loess area
Authors: He Lirong , Luo Yuhu
Published: November 2021

The soil nutrient characteristics under three vegetation types of arbor ( I ), shrub ( II ) and herb ( III ) were studied by mathematical statistics method combined with field investigation and indoor detection analysis. The change characteristics of soil nutrients under different land use patterns were discussed. The results showed that the average contents of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium were 21.30 and 0.65 g/kg, 3.67 and 67.61 mg/kg, respectively. Compared with grassland, woodland has better effect on fertilizer conservation in the Loess Plateau. In the process of soil nutrient improvement, the nutrient indexes such as organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium increased synchronously, and the soil alkaline environment that was not conducive to plant growth was also gradually improved. In the correlation between soil nutrients, available phosphorus and available potassium have good relative independence. In the future, organic fertilizer should be applied in this area, and nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers should be supplemented to improve soil organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus content, and to ensure soil nutrient balance by optimizing fertilization methods. In addition, in the case of uneven distribution of soil nutrients in the soil profile, it is recommended to take appropriate soil ploughing and reasonable human management measures to improve soil nutrient status, achieve high-quality sustainable development of soil, and promote the positive succession of vegetation communities.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(3): 969-976, 2021 (September) Special
Hydraulic characteristics of plow pan constructed sandy paddy soil by adding fly ash
Authors: Wei Yang , Lu Nan , Yan Bo , Li Gang
Published: November 2021

The feasibility of mixing fly ash to sandy soil to build the artificial plow pan of paddy soil in the Yellow River beach was explored. Water infiltration characteristics, saturated hydraulic conductivity, saturated water content and water storage capacity of the artificial plow pan were measured by using laboratory column tests. The results showed that under the same bulk density, when the amount of fly ash increased, the movement rate of the plow pan wetting front, the infiltration rate and the saturated hydraulic conductivity were decreased, then the water content and water storage of the soil layer increased. When the application amount of the fly ash was the same, and when the compaction weight decreased, the wetting front movement rate and saturated hydraulic conductivity increased and the soil water content and water storage capacity decreased. Mixing of fly ash with sand at a ratio of 1:3 (by weight) was found to be ideal for making an artificial of plow pan having bulk density of 1.7 g/cm3.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(3): 993-1002, 2021 (September) Special
Graduated Sovereignty vis-à-vis Aspirations: Education for the Adivasi and Cultural Politics in the Barind Region of Bangladesh
Authors: Sharmeen Shaila , Hasan Mohammad Tareq , Mahmud SM Arif
Published: November 2021

This article is concerned with the meaning of education for Santal and Munda communities, living in the Barind region. The aim of this paper is to document the narratives of Adivasis’ on education. What do they mean by education? What kind of situation did they experience in formal education? How they respond to the existing form of education. The article is written based on ethnographic material drawn from 8/9 months of frequent visit in the field of study. Data was collected by using semi-structured questionnaire, observation and participation. To Adivasis of Santal and Munda communities, education means to fight the mainstream society back, to act confidently, erase the stereotypical images they are labelled by the dominant group, and to get freedom from poverty; aspirations to overcome the conditions of graduated sovereignty and cultural politics. To consider the qualitative matter of social mobility, namely the aspiration in both the individual and community levels, the article proposes to look beyond the existing dominant analytical frame of educational access and exclusion. The analytical tools were developed following Appadurai’s concept of aspiration and Ong’s idea of graduated sovereignty. This article is a critical assessment of the marginal communities’ formal education and development and will contribute to ethnographic intervention in social anthropology and development studies, and contemporary debate on politics of education.

Social Science Review, Vol. 37(2), Dec 2020 Page 1-26
Determinants of the Firm’s Capital Structure: Evidence from Dhaka Stock Exchange
Authors: Hossain Siddiquee Muhammad Shahadat , Saker Abdulla Abu
Published: November 2021

The core objective of the study is to explore empirically the determinants of the capital structure measured in terms of leverage and the existence of linkages in the capital structure of the companies enlisted in the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) using the recent ten years’ historical annual data from 2006 to 2015. The theoretical attributes of the capital structure have been examined using the tangibles assets, profitability, size of the company, and growth opportunity as explanatory variables. Findings from the Feasible Generalized Least Square (FGLS) reveal that tangibility, size, and growth opportunity contributes positively to the capital structure whereas profitability impacts the capital structure negatively. These findings might have serious policy implications for achieving desired capital structure for the companies enlisted in the DSE.

Social Science Review, Vol. 37(2), Dec 2020 Page 27-41
Gendering and Spatializing the New Urban Space: A Study on Working Women in the City of Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Shamma Wasifa Tasnim
Published: November 2021

This paper will explain the gendering and spatializing of Dhaka city that unearths the interaction between the new urban public space and women’s spatial practices. These women are working in different shopping malls, fashion houses and beauty parlours of the city which was impossible for them few decades ago. This study has replicated the theoretical position of Lefebvre (1991) on production of space and Harvey (1989) on spatial practices. Tonkiss’s (2005) ‘Geography of gender’ has been used to describe the gendering and spatializing the new urban space of Dhaka. In short, the study has collected data using survey method and supplemented the quantitative findings with qualitative data by some unique and informative case studies. It reveals that the new urban space of Dhaka has been produced by increasing consumerism and the rise of private service sectors where huge numbers of women are working nowadays. It further exposes that the empowerment of women and simultaneously the unemployment of men is contributing to unleashing traditional patriarchy from being confined to domestic spheres. Men are now harassing women in public place more than ever before to hold up their masculinity symbolically. Consequently, women’s free movement in the public space is being restricted by their perception and experience of harassment by certain male population of the city and by women’s protective negotiation of the space. The paper thus argues that harassment against women in the public space in Dhaka has recently been connected to increasing participation of women in private service sectors during the recent neoliberal transformations.

Social Science Review, Vol. 37(2), Dec 2020 Page 125-144
Challenging Patriarchy: The Changing Definition of Women’s Empowerment
Authors: Mawa Bentul
Published: November 2021

Traditionally, prevailing patriarchal norms and social values have confined Bangladeshi women to the private sphere and placed them in a position of disempowerment vis-à-vis men. Since the 1970s the emergence of the readymade garment (RMG) industry has provided women with opportunities for waged work into the public sphere and linked them into the global economy. By using Naila Kabeer’s conceptualisation of empowerment and Walby’s theory of patriarchy as theoretical lenses of analysis, this paper examines what happens when women are empowered in the economic sphere and whether that transfers over into the domestic sphere in terms of changes in patriarchal relations. Evidence from semi-structured interviews with 40 female garment workers, the paper analyses their lives outside the workplace. It argues that experience of paid work can offer female RMG workers a degree of empowerment within home and society, but the level of this varied for women. For “Independent” and “Progressive” women the state of gender relations was changing to an extent as a result of paid employment, whereas “Traditional” women’s entry into the workplace had not brought about any change in the private form of patriarchy. Overall, women’s participation in paid employment such as their role as a wage earner, their increased freedom of movement and autonomy, self-confidence, a greater degree of awareness regarding their life decisions presents a radical challenge to the myth of the male breadwinner model of the family in Bangladesh and the notion of patriarchy.

Social Science Review, Vol. 37(2), Dec 2020 Page 239-265
Tobacco Control Measures in Bangladesh: KAP Survey on Informal Tobacco Economy
Authors: Akter Hazera , Barua Suborna
Published: November 2021

This research aims to explore the ‘Knowledge, Attitude and Practices (KAP)’ of government’s current tobacco control measures among informal tobacco sellers in Bangladesh. The KAP survey method was applied for collecting information from 400 sellers over seven regional divisions in Bangladesh. The subsequent data analysis was performed using SPSS software to derive the findings from the survey. The study explores that more than half of tobacco sellers are tobacco consumers themselves, of which more than four-fifth consumed tobacco at their Point of Sale (POS). Majority of informal tobacco shops were found in the public places although these sellers reported their acquaintance with the government’s tobacco control Act prohibiting the tobacco usage in such locations. Indirect advertisement was prevalent in about half of those shops. Majority of the sellers used to sell tobacco to minors. About one-fifth of sellers received some form of incentive from tobacco companies while two-third of them received gift items. Since informal tobacco sellers, mostly mobile, reach out the largest pool of consumers making tobacco available near-at-hand, government’s current tobacco control regulations should encompass the informal economy of tobacco sales to prevent massive violation of tobacco control Act by these sellers.

Social Science Review, Vol. 37(2), Dec 2020 Page 201-215
Filipino Teachers of English and Native English Teachers: Learners’ Perceptions
Authors: Ozaki Shigeru
Published: November 2021

Since learning English from Filipino Teachers of English (FTEs) has gained popularity, this research investigated learners’ perceptions of the difference between FTEs and native English teachers (NETs) by conducting semi-structured interviews at two English language schools that have both FTEs and NETs. Many learners felt that FTEs were better at explaining grammar explicitly and comprehensibly, while others said that they could better improve their listening and pronunciation skills with NETs since they spoke faster and with more phonological changes and colloquial expressions. However, some felt more comfortable talking to FTEs, since their English was easier to understand. Additionally, some believed that the pronunciation of NETs was better simply because they were native speakers. One of the schools had an NET who was trained in teaching how to articulate English phonemes. His students noted that NETs were better at teaching pronunciation. However, this view was not shared by learners from other schools. Some reported that FTEs were easier to befriend, though this was because the learners and their teachers belonged to similar age groups. Some mentioned that FTEs, who are also English learners, were more passionate about teaching, understanding, and helping learners, while only one student claimed that NTEs were more serious teachers. A few were more motivated by NETs solely because they admired native speakers. In summary, the participants of this study generally considered FTEs to be better, although some individual differences were observed. The results suggest the importance of teacher training and teachers’ experience in learning a second/foreign language.
A Suggested Model for Teaching EFL to Syrian Refugee Learners in Egypt
Authors: Badawi Mohamed Farrag Ahmed
Published: November 2021

Syrian refugee learners are allowed to join Egyptian governmental schools. However, some Egyptian teachers cannot meet Syrian refugee learners’ needs. Most of the teachers are unaware of refugee responsive teaching competencies (RRTCs). Accordingly, the present study attempted to identify Syrian refugee learners’ needs and refugee responsive teaching competencies to suggest a refugee responsive teaching competencies model (RRTCM). The study utilized a pre-post one-group design. The study recruited (n=76) EFL student teachers from October 6 University, (n=21) Syrian refugee learners, and 64 in-service teachers of refugees. For data collection, a refugee learners’ needs assessment questionnaire and a refugee responsive teaching competencies knowledge test (RRTCKT) were developed. Findings revealed that the Syrian refugee learners identified 21 needs involving safety, social, cultural, psychological, personal, and educational needs. The suggested refugee responsive teaching model was effective in developing EFL student teachers’ RRTCs knowledge.
Organization and forms of remuneration at enterprises
Authors: Filin S.A. , Aitymbetova A.N. , Ibraimova S.S. , Zhusipova E.E.
Published: November 2021

Currently, amid the economic crisis associated with the Covid-19 pandemic, each enterprise, regardless of its structure and type of ownership, is in a continuous mode of choice: to reduce personnel costs and retain qualified personnel and jobs. At the same time, in order to preserve jobs and continue production activities, it is important not to preserve the employee’s contribution. The employee must be motivated to increase labor productivity and the quality of products, and this must be directly related to his salary.
Labor productivity and socio-economic ways to increase it
Authors: Shumilina D. D. , Mirgorod E.E.
Published: November 2021

The growth of labor productivity is a priority direction in the development of any production. It contributes to the ability to produce additional volume of products or to bring the existing one to a new level of quality. At the present stage of the world economy, increasing labor productivity is the main source of the company’s progressive growth.
Recommendations for risk management of the company’s investment project
Authors: Orel T.V. , Korneeva I. V.
Published: November 2021

Planning investment projects involves the need to study the risks that affect the profitability of projects. Otherwise, such investment projects can lead to significant losses. Therefore, timely identification and management of all risks of an investment project is of particular importance.
Analysis of the effectiveness of commercial activities of a small business
Authors: Zagorskaya M.S. , Bykova O. N.
Published: November 2021

Small businesses all over the world play a significant role in the country’s economy. In this regard, the definition of the effectiveness of small businesses is so important at the present time in an unstable market situation.
Canlı Donörden Karaciğer Nakli Konusundaki Global Yayın Trendleri ve Türkiye Kaynaklı Yayınların Analizi
Authors: DURGUN Cemalettin
Published: November 2021

Amaç: Son yıllarda karaciğer nakli konusunda bilimsel ilgi artmış olup canlı donör karaciğer nakli de bu konunun bir alt grubudur. Canlı donör karaciğer nakli konusunda bilimsel üretkenliğin global değerlendirmesi ve Türkiye’den yapılmış yayınlar ile ilgili kıyaslamaların yapılması çalışmanın amacı idi. Materyal ve metod: Araştırmada bibliyometrik analiz yöntemi kullanıldı. Elsevier Scopus bibliyometrik veri tabanında, İngilizce dilinde anahtar kelimeler kullanılarak araştırma yapıldı. Başlık, özet ve anahtar kelimelerinde " living’’ ve donor " ve " transplant " ve " hepatic " veya " liver " anahtar kelimeleri içeren, 5 Ekim 2021 tarihine kadar sürede yapılmış yayınlara ulaşıldı. Çalışmada bias yaratılmaması adına her gün artan bilimsel makalelerin sonucu değiştirmemesi amaçlı tek günde tarama yapıldı. Bulgular: Çalışmamız konusunda yayınlanmış toplam 4714 yayına (%75,47’si araştırma makalesi) ulaşıldı. Yayın sayısının 2000’li yıllardan sonra hızlıca arttığı ve yıllık makale sayısının 2002 yılından beri 100’ün altına düşmediği saptandı. Makalelerin çoğu İngilizce dilinde (%95,03) yazılmış olup, çoğunluğu (%28,78) Amerika Birleşik Devletleri kökenli kurumlardaki yazarlar tarafından üretilmişti. Japonya ve Güney Kore ilk üç sıradaki ülkeler iken; Türkiye ve Hindistan dördüncü sırayı birlikte paylaşmakta idi. Yayınların 4074’ü (%86,4) herhangi bir kurum tarafından desteklenmemişti. Yayınların 779’u (%16,5) hiç atıf almamıştı. En fazla atıf alan araştırmacılar İtalya’dan tek yayın ile Vincenzo Mazzaferro (1211 atıf) ve iki yayın ile Pakistan’dan Christopher Erich Broelsch (1140 atıf) idi. Türkiye’den 256 yayın vardı. İlk yayın 1993 yılında yayınlanmıştı. En fazla 2015 yılında makale olup (30 makale) vardı. 251’inin (%98,04) finansal desteği yoktu. En fazla yayın yapan kurumlar, Başkent Üniversitesi (n=83,%34,42) ve İnönü Üniversitesi (n=54,%21,09) idi. En fazla atıfı İtalya, Almanya ve Singapur’dan yapılan yayınların aldığı, ülkemizden olan atıf sayılarının göreceli düşük olduğu saptandı. Sonuç: Canlı donör karaciğer nakli konusundaki bilimsel faaliyetlerin desteklenmesi, Türkiye’den yapılan yayın sayılarının dördüncü sırada olmasına rağmen arttırılması gerekmektedir.
Grip Benzeri Şikayetler ile Hastaneye Başvuran Hastaların İnfluenza Sıklığı, İnfluenza Tipleri, Klinik Özelliklerinin ve Aşılanma Oranlarının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: UYAR GÜLEÇ Güliz , KIRDAR Sevin , ÖZÇOLPAN Güneş , TAŞ GÜLEN Şule , ÖZTÜRK Barçın
Published: November 2021

Amaç: Antijenik değişiklikler ile mevsimsel salgın ve pandemiler oluşturabilen influenza virüsleri özellikle risk gruplarında hastaneye yatışı gerektiren ve ölümcül olabilen akut bir solunum yolu enfeksiyonuna yol açarlar. Moleküler testler ile hızlı tanı olanakları, erken antiviral tedavi ile hastalık süresi ve komplikasyonları azaltabilir. Bu çalışmada gribal yakınmaları nedeni ile solunum yolu viral panel gönderilen, ayaktan ve yatırılarak izlenen erişkin hastaların retrospektif olarak değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç-Yöntem: 30.09.2019 ile 10.03.2020 tarihleri arasında solunum yolu örneklerinden multipleks real-time polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (mRT-PZR) yöntemiyle solunum yolu viral etkenleri çalışılan erişkin hastalar çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Hastaların demografik verileri, tedavileri, solunum yolu viral panel sonuçları, hemogram ve CRP değerleri hastanemiz otomasyon sisteminden elde edilmiştir. Aşılanma durumları aşı kayıt sisteminden kontrol edilmiştir. Yatan hastaların taburcu şekli (ölüm/şifa) belirlenmiştir.

Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen 225 hastanın 126’sı (%56) kadın, 99’ı (%44) erkek olup yaş ortalaması 51.20±20.27’dir. 118 (%52.4) olguda etken saptanmazken 59 olguda (%26.2) influenza virüs pozitifliği belirlenmiştir. İnfluenza A (H1N1) %57.6, influenza B %42.4 oranında bulunmuştur. İnfluenza virüs pozitif hastaların 24’ü pnömoni tanısıyla izlenmiştir. Hastaların 150’sinde en az bir eşlik eden hastalık, 10’unda gebelik mevcuttur. Sadece iki hastanın grip aşısı ile aşılandığı saptanmış ve bu hastalarda influenza virüs tespit edilmemiştir. Yedi hastada influenza A(H1N1)’e bağlı ölüm saptanmıştır. En fazla örneğin Ocak ayında gönderildiği ve 51 (%48.1) örnekte influenza virüs pozitifliği olduğu bulunmuştur. İnfluenza virüsü saptanan hastaların %18.6’sına oseltamivir, %54.3’üne oseltamivir ve antibiyotik birlikte, %18.6’na sadece antibiyotik verilmiştir.

Sonuç: İnfluenza virüs alt tiplerinin belirlenmesi sürveyans ve kesin tanı için önemli olmakla birlikte erken tanı ile antivirallerin erken kullanımı ölümlerin önlenmesinde önemlidir.
Bruselloz Konulu Yayınların Global Analizi ve Türkiye’den Yapılan Yayınlarla Karşılaştırılması
Authors: MIZRAKÇI Serpil , DİNDAR DEMİRAY Emine Kübra , ÖNTÜRK AKYÜZ Hatice
Published: November 2021

Amaç: Bruselloz dünya genelinde en yaygın zoonotik hastalıklardan olup, bir çok organ tutulumu yapıp önemli düzeyde morbiditeye neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, bruselloz konulu bilimsel literatürün gözden geçirilmesini ve Türkiye’den yapılan yayınların kıyaslamalarını yapmayı amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Yayınların analizi için Scopus bibliyometrik veri tabanında tarama yapıldı. Başlık, özet ve anahtar kelimelerinde " brucellosis " veya‘’ Brucella spp.’’ "Article" anahtar kelimeleri içeren, 1930-2021 yılları arasında yapılmış orijinal araştırma makalelerine ulaşıldı. Yayınlar; yapıldıkları kurum, yazar, yayın yılı, konu, atıf sayısı ve yayınlandıkları dergi açısından değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Bruselloz konusunda 8903 yayın olduğu ve ilk yayının 1930 yılında yayınlandığı saptandı. Bunların 7890 tanesi araştırma makalesi idi. Bruselloz konusunda en bilimsel üretken ülkeler Amerika Birleşik Devletleri (ABD), Türkiye ve Çin idi. En fazla makale Zhurnal Mikrobiologii Epidemiologii I Immunobiologii (n=297), Veterinariia (n=164) ve Journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association (n=97) dergilerinde yayınlanmıştı. Bu konuda en fazla makalesi bulunan üç öncü kurum; Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi (%), Tahran Tıp Bilimleri Üniversitesi (%) ve Hemedan Tıp Bilimleri Üniversitesi (%) idi. Tartışma ve sonuç: Özellikle İran ve ülkemiz gibi hayvancıkla uğraşın çok olduğu ülkelerden yayınların olduğu ancak, Dünya genelinde 2018’den sonra ülkemizden ise 2014 yılından sonra makale sayısında gerileme olduğu saptandı.
COVID-19 Hikayesine Göre Oral Hijyen Alışkanlığının ve Periodontal Hastalık Hikayesinin Teledişhekimliği Aracılığıyla Değerlendirilmesi: Kesitsel Araştırma
Authors: GÜRBÜZ Ezgi , CEYLAN Ezgi
Published: November 2021

Amaç: Bu anket çalışmasında teledişhekimliği ile bireylerin oral hijyen alışkanlıklarının, periodontal hastalık hikayelerinin değerlendirilmesi ve COVID-19 hikayelerine göre oral hijyen, periodontal hastalık durumlarının karşılaştırılması amaçlandı.

Yöntem: Bu kesitsel çalışmaya pandemi öncesinde fakültemize başvurmuş hastalardan teledişhekimliği yolu ile ulaşılan hastalar dahil edildi. Onamı alınan hastalara 4 bölüm ve 25 sorudan oluşan bir anket telefon konuşması aracılığıyla uygulandı. Anketin ilk bölümünde demografik bilgiler, medikal hikaye, sigara içme alışkanlığı ve COVID-19 hikayesi (COVID-19 geçiren [COVID(+)] veya geçirmeyen [COVID(-)]) sorgulanırken sonraki üç bölümde dental hijyen (DH), çevresel dental hijyen (ÇH), periodontal hastalık hikayesi (PH) değerlendirildi. Bu üç bölümdeki sorulara verilen yanıtlar, artan değerler olumsuz tutumu sembolize edecek şekilde puanlandırıldı. Puanların toplamından elde edilebilecek minimum ve maksimum değerler dikkate alınarak düşük, orta ve yüksek değer aralıklarının yer aldığı DH, ÇH ve PH ölçekleri oluşturuldu. Gruplar ölçeklerden alınan ortalama değer ve ölçek aralıklarında dağılım açısından kıyaslandı.

Bulgular: Anketi tamamlayan 154 kişinin 84’ü (%54.5) COVID(+) grubunda yer alırken 70’i (%45.5) COVID(-) grubunda yer aldı. İki grup arasında yaş, cinsiyet, sistemik hastalık varlığı ve ilaç kullanımı açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık bulunmazken sigara alışkanlığı açısından farklılık tespit edildi. Sigara içen kişi sayısı COVID(-) grubunda daha fazla bulundu (p=0.034). Mann Whitney U ve Chi-square testlerinin sonuçlarına göre iki grup arasında ölçek değerleri ve hastaların ölçek aralıklarına dağılımları açısından istatistiksel farklılık görülmedi.

Sonuç: Bu çalışmada periodontal durum ile COVID-19 ilişkisini destekleyecek kanıt elde edilememiştir ve teledişhekimliğiyle belirlenen periodontal açıdan riskli bireylerin yer aldığı, COVID-19 komplikasyon verilerine yer verilen, katılımcı sayısının fazla olduğu ileri klinik çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
Thermal Environment and Aeroheating Mechanism of Protuberances on Mars Entry Capsule
Authors: Wenbo Miao , Qi Li , Junhong Li , Jingyun Zhou , Xiaoli Cheng
Published: November 2021

Mars has only thin atmosphere composed mainly of carbon dioxide that differs significantly from the atmosphere of Earth in terms of characteristics of reentry flows. To connect with the orbiter, the Mars entry capsule is provided with titanium pipes and other units installed on the heat-shield. These units will create significant local interaction flow on the surface of the capsule and cause additional heating on the surface of the shield during the entry of the capsule. With a view to interaction thermal environment issues for the surface of the shield, in this paper, the characteristics of protrusion interaction flow on different location of the shield were studied by means of numerical simulation. Heating mechanisms of protuberances on different location were derived by analyzing characteristic parameters such as local flow velocity, pressure, and Mach number. The results show that the interaction thermal environment of protuberances in the windward area is smaller than that of protuberances in the leeward area, mainly because subsonic flow dominates in the windward area, and the interaction is weak, while in the leeward area, the direction of flow intersects with protuberances to form a boundary layer shear flow, which results in a stronger interaction before the protuberances.
COVID-19 infection complicated by Guillain-Barre Syndrome: a systematic review of clinical features, pathogenic mechanism, and respiratory failure
Authors: Khaki Mahya , Dehghan Parastoo , Malekzadeh Naghmeh , Khamoushi Mohsen , Shojaei Fahimehalsadat , Motazerin Sahar Memar , Najafi Homa , Boostani Reza , Malekzadeh Gholamreza , Chi Gerald
Published: November 2021

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) declared a pandemic in March 2020 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Given the neurotropism feature of the coronavirus and growing number of COVID-19 associated neurological disorders, including Guillain Barre syndrome (GBS), we conducted a systematic review to thoroughly describe the clinical features, diagnostic workup, and clinical outcome of COVID-19 associated GBS in 78 cases. Methods: We identified case reports and case series of COVID-19 associated GBS by conducting a search in the PubMed/MEDLINE and EMBASE databases. We assessed the quality of studies using an appraisal checklist presented by Cochrane Murad et al. Extracted data included demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, and outcome. Results: The systematic search yielded a total of 60 articles reporting 78 patients with a diagnosis of COVID-19 associated GBS. The patients were mainly male (65.3%) with an average age of 57 years. The ascending symmetrical paresis was the most common presentation (79.4%), with demyelinating pattern in 54 patients (79.4%). The CSF analysis showed albuminocytologic dissociation in 48 patients (75%). The mortality of COVID-19 associated GBS was estimated as 6.4% attributable to progressive respiratory failure. Conclusion: Given the associated morbidities such as respiratory failure in patients with COVID-19 associated GBS, its timely detection is crucial to prevent poor clinical outcomes. On the other hand, clinicians must be vigilant to identify the clinical findings of SARS-CoV-2 infection in newly diagnosed GBS patients, as this might be a neurological complication of the subclinical viral infection.
Empathy, quality of life and occupational burnout among medical students
Authors: Bigdeli Shoaleh , Soltani Arabshahi Seyed Kamran , Zabihi Zazoly Atefeh , Norouzi Azam , Ahmadian Yazd Nahid , Hosseini Agha Fatemeh
Published: November 2021

Background: Empathy, quality of life, and occupational burnout are essential factors in medical sciences that affect the physicians’ and patients’ communication. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the association of these three factors among medical students. Methods: This descriptive correlational study was conducted among medical internship students. Participants were selected by using simple random sampling. The Jefferson Empathy Questionnaire, the WHO Quality of Life Questionnaire, and the Maslach Burnout Questionnaire were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using t test, Kruskal-Wallis, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results: A total of 167 students completed the questionnaires. The association of empathy and occupational burnout (P=0.005, r=-0.414) and between the quality of life and occupational burnout (P=0.005, r=-0.446) were both significantly negative. Independent t test showed the mean score of occupational burnout was significantly higher in male students than females. It was also significantly higher in married students than single (P<0.05). The results of the KruskalWallis test showed no statistically significant difference among the quality of life of different ethnic groups (P>0.05). One-way ANOVA showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the ethnic groups in terms of occupational burnout (P<0.05) Conclusions: The association of empathy and quality of life with occupational burnout was negative. The highest quality of life was related to older students. Among all of the studied variables, married status, ethnicity, and sex were most associated with occupational burnout where married and male students had the highest burnout.
Problem-solving with clinical reasoning: A case report of coronavirus in immunosuppressive condition
Authors: Mousavi Mahshad , Mousavi Nazanin , Abdolkarimi Babak
Published: November 2021

Background: One of the most interesting parts of medical science is using clinical reasoning to solve clinical problems. In today’s world of medicine, with increasing amounts of scientific information and new diagnostic and treatment facilities, physicians’ responsibility in managing the condition of patients becomes weightier. Making the correct decision is an important goal that can be achieved by having adequate information and using it appropriately. At this stage, we should follow the thought process of successful doctors and use information from books and articles to solve clinical problems. The purpose of this article is to improve the skills of physicians in the effective use of knowledge and experience to solve clinical problems to increase our success in fulfilling our responsibility to patients. Methods: Clinical reasoning enhances the quality of learning and increases the ability of medical students in clinical problem-solving. In this article, a patient with rheumatoid arthritis in the COVID-19 pandemic developed respiratory distress, is identified by the clinical reasoning method and is treated, with his treatment then discussed. This article includes the following: prepare a list of differential diagnoses based on the list of signs and symptoms of the patient; modify the initial list to reflect findings from history and examinations; specify additional information to make a correct diagnosis; and, finally, decide when the information is obtained is sufficient to make the proper diagnosis. Results: In recent years, clinical reasoning has received more attention in student Olympiad competitions. Professors in medical sciences should pay special attention to teaching this skill to students. It is necessary to plan for teaching this type of training and to design tests for evaluating students’ clinical reasoning. This article can thus be a useful guide for those who enjoy working on a problem to get an answer. Conclusion: This article shows how insidious and life-threatening a coronavirus infection can be, and how useful clinical reasoning can be when present in all stages of dealing with the patient, from the initial stages of taking the patient history to the end of treatment.
Students’ perception of effective learning experiences at an Iranian dental school: A qualitative study using the critical incident technique
Authors: Soleimanzadeh Rojin , Sarpari Kousha , Abdi Nasrin , Heydari Parisa , Zarezadeh Yadolah
Published: November 2021

Background: Dental students need to learn effectively to promote their professional services as a part of their daily activities. This study is conducted to determine dentistry students’ experiences of factors that influence their learning. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using the critical incident technique and content analysis approach to examine dental students’ experiences with factors that influence an effective learning process. Data were collected by individual in-depth semi-structured interviews with dental students at the Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences. Results: In all, 104 primary codes were obtained from the interviews and group discussions, classified into two major themes. The factors facilitating effective learning encompassed three categories: teacher-related perceived experiences (8 subcategories), learning-related perceived experiences (5 subcategories), and compelling student-related perceived experiences (3 subcategories). Two factors inhibited learning: practical teacher-related perceived experiences (3 subcategories) and learning-related perceived experiences (3 subcategories). Conclusion: The results showed that several instructor characteristics, such as being experienced in teaching methods, having the required clinical skills, and "interacting with students and patients" lead to effective learning. Several other factors involved in the learning process, such as student characteristics, a comprehensive curriculum fitting the theoretical and clinical needs of this field, interacting with peers, and keeping calm and being focused are the some of the most critical factors involved in effective learning.
Competitiveness Analysis of the Acai Berry Producers of Northeastern of Para
Authors: Araujo Dinaldo do Nascimento , Correia Marcelo de Souza , Cardoso Alexandre Jorge Gaia
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study is to identify what the perspectives of competitiveness by rural production of acai are, from terra firme and várzea in northeast Pará. Region considered the one that produces the most acai in Brazil. The main objective is to describe a certain sample of producers and to identify and evaluate the competitiveness perspectives of this sample in relation to the competitiveness factors defined in the research, starting from the null hypothesis that there are no significant differences in perspectives between terra firme and várzea producers. The theoretical basis considered for the research is composed of an approach on agrichain and factors of competitiveness. The method used for the execution of the research was the Rapid Appraisal, where a semi-structured questionnaire was prepared for the agents of the acai production chain. The main key agents taken into consideration and characterized were: Producers of acai; intermediaries and representatives of some organizations.
Growing Your Own Educational Leaders: Implications for Rural School Districts and Institutions of Higher Education
Authors: McConnell John , Bruster Benita , Lambert Cheryl , Thompson James
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this article is to examine a ‘grow your own’ model of leadership preparation and placement of educational administrators in the state of Tennessee. The growing need for school and district administrators in the rural counties of Tennessee mirrors a nationwide issue, and state policymakers and practitioners must respond appropriately to sustain adequate K-12 educational leadership that is representative of state demographics. Recommendations for policy and practice are provided for state and local education agencies as well as principal preparation programs in higher education.
ESL Programs in Rural High Schools: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Ruecker Todd
Published: November 2021

Rural and small-town communities in the United States have been rapidly diversifying over the last few decades and rural schools have faced challenges in supporting changing populations. This article builds on a limited body of education research that has focused on diversity in rural areas, driven largely in the U.S. by Latinx immigrant populations. This research draws on several data sources from multi-week visits in a mixture of new and established immigrant destinations to profile the challenges educational leaders faced developing ESL programs in five rural high schools and explores challenges such as how schools struggle to recruit and retain administrators and teachers, how they often have limited knowledge and resources to support curriculum development, and how program size limits schools’ ability to place students appropriately. The article concludes with suggestions for education programs, rural administrators, and state policy makers  to better support English learners in rural schools.
Relaxed Skolam Mean Labeling of 5 – Star Graphs with Partition 3, 2
Authors:   Associate Professor Department of Mathematics in Nazareth Margoschis College, Pillayanmanai, Tuticorin (Tamil Nadu), India., Ramesh D.S.T. , Jovanna D. Angel ,   Research Scholar Department of Mathematics in Nazareth Margoschis College, Pillayanmanai, Tuticorin (Tamil Nadu), India.
Published: November 2021

In this article, our main topic is about the existence of relaxed skolem mean labeling for a 5 – star graph G = K1,α ∪ K1,α ∪ K1,α ∪ K1, β ∪ K1, β 1 2 3 1 2 with partition 3, 2 with a certain condition. By using the trial and error method we find the existence of the relaxed skolam mean labeling of 5 - star graph with partition 3, 2 with a specific condition.
Automatic Estimation of Body Measurements to Extract the Size and Body Shape
Authors:   Department of Textile-Garment Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Vietnam., Nguyen Mong Hien Thi , Tran Minh Hieu ,   Department of Electric-Telecommunication Electronic Technologies in Technical and Economic College, Vietnam.
Published: November 2021

This paper presents the research results of automatic estimation of the neck girth and inside leg to extract the size and body shape from the male sizing system table. The data used in the study is the 3D scan file *.obj from the 3D body scanner. The author uses the interpolation and optimization method in the algorithm to automatically extract 2 primary dimensions combined with the fuzzy logic method to extract sizes, body shapes. Besides, rotate matrix method combines with the optimal function used to write an algorithm to estimate the neck girth, inside leg measurements. Furthermore, a simple approach based on vertices and surface normal vectors data and optimal search was adapted to estimate the neck girth and inside leg measurements. These extraction results will be linked to the algorithm of the fuzzy logic to run for the automated process. This automatic algorithm will be very useful in face-to-face clothing purchases or online or for garment manufacturers in reducing shopping time and choosing sizes to design samples for customers.
Determinants of State Institutions Performance in Sierra Leone
Authors:   PhD Scholar in Accounting and Finance. Department of Accounting and Finance – School of Post Graduate Studies, University of Sierra Leone., Harvey Albert Harrison , Bendu Dr. Dante A. ,   Dean of Faculty of Social Sciences and Law, University of Sierra Leone.
Published: November 2021

Public institutions performance has been the greatest concern for governments in different parts of the world. In Sierra Leone, the success of governments departments contribute towards the socio economic development of the country. Nevertheless, achieving exceptional performance in public institutions is encircled with enormous challenges that hinders the achievement of strategic objectives. Considering the quantum challenges surrounding public institutions performance, addressing those challenges requires consideration of numerous elements that could influence performance. However, this study focus on determinants of state institutions performance in Sierra Leone. The investigation started with an assessment of previous and existing performance benchmarks and then proceeded to its focus. This study was conducted in Freetown, using three public institutions as sample frame and obtained a sample size of 300 employees in a random manner, ranging from nonsupervisory to managerial level. We employed primary data collection method, using the Linkert scale system, which shows the following description: 5=Strongly Agree, 4=Agree, 3=Neutral, 2=Disagree, 1=Strongly Disagree. The study analysed primary data with descriptive statistics and correlational methods aided by SPSS 21. Data obtained from respondents shows that human capital development, rewards, effective and efficient administrative structure and personnel engagement determines state institutions performance. Respondents noted that if state institutions have efficient administrative structure, they would facilitate human capital development and empowerment, ensure efficient management of financial resources and engage personnel for effective job performance. The aforementioned elements constitute determinants of exceptional performance. This study is therefore noteworthy to performance management specialists, human capital enhancement professionals and public institutions in Sierra Leone.
An Overview of Agriculture in Mysore District P roposal of a n Agriculture Hub in Mysore City
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture at School of Planning and Architecture, University of Mysore (Karnataka) India., M Ar. Uma. S , B Shankar. ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Urban and Regional Planning from the University of Mysore (Karnataka) India., Rego Joshua ,   Department of Architecture, Planning and Architecture, University of Mysore (Karnataka) India.
Published: November 2021

To cater to the demands of the increasing population and support the economy which has been projected to grow, agriculture in India will have to focus more on measures such as optimum usage of land and other limited resources, appropriate implementation of machinery and manpower, increased productivity, production of high-quality products and exploring and adopting integrated farming systems and controlled-environment agriculture (CEA). Other significant domains include agricultural education, training, research and development. This article aims to study the state of agriculture in Karnataka’s Mysore district, identify trends and issues and propose a district-level agriculture hub in Mysore city, that aims to equip the user with knowledge and skill to incorporate the above mentioned measures.