bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR PENDIDIKAN KEWARGANEGARAAN MELALUI METODE ROLE PLAYING (Penelitian Tindakan Pada Siswa Kelas V SD Islamiyah 6 Kota Ternate)
Authors: Djumati Fachriah
Published: February 2020

Salah satu masalah yang dihadapi dunia pendidikan di Indonesia saat ini adalah menyangkut lemahnya proses pembelajaran. pada proses pembelajaran, siswa kurang didorong untuk mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir sehingga hasil belajar yang dicapai masih rendah. Metode Role Playing dapat membantu siswa mengembangkan pengetahuan dan daya aktualisasinya dalam memahami materi pembelajaran Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan melalui penelitian tindakan (action research). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hasil belajar PKn pada siswa kelas V SD Islamiyah 6 Kota Ternate dapat ditingkatkan melalui metode role playing dan cara meningkatkan hasil belajar PKn melalui metode role playing pada Siswa Kelas V SD Islamiyah 6 Kota Ternate.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan yang dilakukan sebagai upaya perbaikan suatu praktek pendidikan pembelajaran di kelas secara profesional. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SD Islamiyah 6 Kota Ternate, pada siswa Kelas V yang berjumlah sebanyak 35 orang siswa pada tahun ajaran 2011/2012. Penelitian ini terdiri dari empat tahapan Perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Kriteria keberhasilan tindakan dapat dilihat dari dua  yaitu kriteria guru dan siswa. Proses pembelajaran yang dilakukan oleh guru harus mencapai 100% (mastery learning) dan 80% siswa harus mencapai KKM yang ditetapkan sekolah pada mata pelajaran PKn.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada siklus I data hasil observasi pencapaian guru dalam pembelajaran role playing presentasi intrumen non tes siklus I pertemuan kesatu 66% siswa dapat mencapai KKM sedangkan pertemuan kedua siswa yang mencapai kelulusan KKM adalah 77%, sehingga penelitian dilanjutkan ke siklus-II. Pada siklus IIdata hasil observasi pencapaian guru dalam pembelajaran role playing meningkat. Pada pertemuan  pertama siswa yang mencapai KKM adalah 88% sedangkan pada pertemuan kedua seluruh siswa mencapai KKM atau 100% berhasil. Dengan pencapaian nilai tersebut maka penelitian sudah mencapai target yang di tentukan yaitu 100%. Oleh karna itu penelitian tidak dilanjutkan ke siklus berikutnya yaitu siklus III. Metode pembelajaran Role Playing sangat baik jika dilaksanakan di setiap sekolah karna dapat membuka wawasan siswa dan membuat siswa lebih aktif serta berani untuk mengungkapkan berbagai hal yang berkaitan dengan pembelajaran. Kata kunci: Role Playing, Pembelajaran, Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan.
PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN IPA BERPOLA PBMP DIPADU SCIENTIFIC APPROACH TERINTEGRASI NILAI ISLAMI UNTUK BERPIKIR KRITIS DAN METAKOGNISI SISWA SEKOLAH/MADRASAH MULTIETNIS
Authors: Haerullah Ade , Hasan Said , Yusuf Muhktar
Published: February 2020

This study aims to determine the potential of learning models with the Pattern of Empowerment Thinking Through Questions (PBMP) combined with integrated scientific approach integrated Islamic values in empowering critical thinking and metacognition of elementary school students or madrasah ibtidaiyah. Furthermore, this study aimed to determine differences in critical thinking and metacognition of students with different ethnicities related to the learning model applied. This research is classified as a quasi experiment, conducted in the 2018/2019 school year in class V at two Ibtidaiyah Madrasahs classified as schools or multiethnic Madrasas in Ternate City. The measured variables in this study were students' critical thinking skills and metacognition. To test the hypotheses, Anakova in the SPSS 16.0 program was used. If the probability value is significant, then further tests with LSD. The results of data analysis show that PBMP learning combined with integrated scientific approach integrated Islamic values has an effect on students 'critical thinking and metacognition and or it can be said that PBMP patterned learning combined with an integrated scientific approach integrated Islamic values is more empowering students' critical thinking and metacognition than conventional models. There are differences in students' critical thinking between ethnic groups in the class applied to the model, these differences can be concluded that students in each ethnic group have different learning styles. Keywords: multiethnic, PBMP, scientific approach, Islamic values, Metacognition, critical thinking.
PENERAPAN METODE PEMBELAJARAN KONSTRUKTIVISME UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR GEOGRAFI PADA MATERI BENTUK-BENTUK PERMUKAAN BUMI UNTUK SISWA KELAS VII SMP GOTONG ROYONG TOBELO
Authors: Alnusra Darling Surya , Suaema Andi
Published: February 2020

The place of reserach at SMP Gotong Royong, Tobelo. This research aims at knowing the students’ output through the constructivism application and to know improving the output after doing the learning process  using construtivism. The method  used in this reserach was qualitative in the shape of Classroom Action Research (CAR) and using two cycles. Each cycle consisted of planning, doing, and reflection. Based on the result of research, in the cycle 1, the average of the students’ output is 62.08. This value has not get the minimum score or the criterium of minimum completness. In the cycle II, the average of the students’ output is 71.25, this means the students has got minimum score of achievement. The above result shows that the conducted research in cycle I to cycle II get significant improvement.Keywords: constructivism learning, output, KKM
POST-COLONIAL NARRATIVE AND LANGUAGE AS AESTHETIC MATTER IN CIRO GUERRA’S EMBRACE OF THE SERPENT
Authors: Hoyos García David
Published: February 2020

The text analyzes the characteristics of colonial structures: race, ethnicity and loss of innocence, in the film by the Colombian director Ciro Guerra, Embrace of the Serpent (2015). For this, a dialogue is created with theoretical ideas from Fanon, Quijano, Shohat and Stam. This film is considered a critical postcolonial film.
Analisis Kegiatan Komunikasi Internal dalam Mempengaruhi Motivasi Bekerja di lingkungan Fakultas I, Universitas R, DIY, 2018
Authors: Risnawati Ririn
Published: February 2020

ABSTRAKKomunikasi sudah menjadi kebutuhan hidup manusia untuk berinteraksi dengan sesama dan orang lain sekitarnya. Adanya kemajuan teknologi memungkinkan komunikasi bisa dilakukan dengan menggunakan media komunikasi seperti telepon maupun smartphone  (Smartphone). Berbagai produsen smartphone tiap tahun menawarkan berbagai fitur canggih dalam berkomunikasi seperti video call maupun fitur dalam chatting yang semuanya memanjakan penggunanya untuk berkomunikasi dengan mudah. Mahasiswa sebagai konsumen smartphone juga melirik berbagai jenis maupun macam smartphone yang menawarkan berbagai kemudahan dalam berkomunikasi, mengerjakan tugas kuliah  maupun sebagai media hiburan. Perbedaan status sosial juga berpengaruh terhadap jenis maupun macam kepemilikan smartphone oleh mahasiswa. Hal inilah menjadi salah satu faktor penyebab adanya penggunan berbagai merk smartphone disesuaikan dengan kondisi uang saku mahasiswa. Ini juga menjadi munculnya berbagai kelompok penggemar dan pengguna jenis dan merk smartphone yang berbeda yang berdampak terhadap budaya pergaulan diantara sesama mahasiswa.Kata Kunci : komunikasi, fitur canggih, smartphone, budaya bergaul ABSTRACT Communication has become a necessity of human life to interact with others and others around them. The existence of technological advances allows communication to be done using communication media such as telephones and smartphones (cellphones). Various smartphone manufacturers each year offer various advanced features in communication such as video calls and chat features that all indulge their users to communicate easily.Students as smartphone consumers also look at various types and types of smartphones that offer various facilities in communicating, doing college assignments and as a medium of entertainment. Differences in social status also affect the type and type of smartphone ownership by students. This has become one of the factors causing the use of various brands of smartphones adapted to the condition of student allowances. This has also led to the emergence of various groups of fans and users of different types and brands of smartphones that have an impact on social culture among fellow students.Keywords: communication, advanced features, smartphone, sociable culture
Design and Fabrication of Metamaterial Absorbers Used for RF-ID
Authors: Ryu Yo-Han , Kim Sung-Soo
Published: February 2020

Radio frequency identification (RF-ID) uses electromagnetic fields to automatically identify and track tags attached to objects. In response to the need to suppress the electromagnetic interference between adjacent RF-ID equipment or systems, this study aims to achieve a thin and multi-resonance absorber using metamaterials composed of patterned grids on a grounded dielectric substrate in the frequency region of UHF and microwaves. A computational tool (ANSYS HFSS) was used to model and estimate the reflection coefficient and surface current distribution. The samples used to measure reflection loss were fabricated by the printed circuit board (PCB) method in which a copper film was deposited on both sides of a photosensitized board. The reflection loss was measured using a free space measurement system, composed of a pair of horn antennas and network analyzer. The grid-patterned metamaterial absorbers exhibited dual-band absorption peaks at 0.88 GHz and 2.45 GHz with a small substrate thickness (about 3.7 mm) that can be usefully applied to electromagnetic compatibility in RF-ID system. Magnetic coupling is achieved via antiparallel currents in the grid conductor on the top layer and the ground conductor on the bottom layer. Since the magnetic response is influenced by the dimension of the resonators, it is possible to achieve two resonances by scaling the resonating structures. The metamaterial absorbers also exhibited good oblique incidence performance. A high level of absorption (above 10 dB) was maintained at up to 30 degrees of incidence angle for both TE and TM polarization.
Development of Al-Based Metallic Glass Composites Containing Pb-Rich Crystalline 2nd Phase
Authors: Kim Wan , Kim Jinwoo , Lee Je In , Park Eun Soo
Published: February 2020

Liquid immiscible alloy systems present a unique opportunity for designing composites with sphere-dispersed and/or interconnected microstructures. Herein, we demonstrate that the addition of Pb in Al84TM10RE6 (TM=Ni,Co,Fe,Ti, RE=La,Ce,Nd,Gd,Y) metallic glasses can result in liquid-liquid phase separation in a liquid immiscibility gap and substantially solidifies into a Pb-rich crystalline phase and Al-rich amorphous phase. The Pb-rich phase has a spherical shape and is dispersed in the Al-based metallic glass matrix. The average diameter of the Pb-rich spheres changed from 75 ± 10 nm near the wheel side (fastest cooling region) to 138 ± 32 nm near the center of the ribbon (slowest cooling region), which exhibited a melting temperature of about 599 K, close to that of pure Pb (Tm = 600.5 K), due to the low solubility of Pb and other constituent elements. Interestingly, the dispersed Pb-rich 2nd phase in the Al-based metallic glass matrix causes delayed crack propagation and enhanced fatigue lifetime due to crack blocking and filling by partial liquifaction. These results provide a guideline for how to design promising Al-based metallic glasses containing sphere-dispersed 2nd phase with low melting temperature, which is a key step in developing damage-tolerant metallic glass composites with a liquid-based healing mechanism.
PENGARUH GRASTON TECHNIQUE DAN CLOSED KINETIC CHAIN EXERCISE PADA OSTEOARTHRITIS KNEE DEXTRA
Authors: . Kuswardani , Najizah Fitratun , Oktaviani Nurma
Published: February 2020

Background : The prevalence of osteoarthritis in Indonesia increases with age. The highest prevalence is at age <75 years. The incidence of osteoarthritis in Indonesia from 1990 to 2010 has increased. Per 100,000 men and women reach their peak at the 80 years old. Women reached a peak at 1,327.4 compared to men who were only 907.7. Osteoarthritis of the knee has problems such as pain, decreased ROM, edema, and decreased muscle strength, to overcome the problems  in the case of knee osteoarthritis can be given physiotherapy treatment such as Graston Technique and Closed Kinetic Chain Exercise. Objective : The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of graston technique and closed kinetic chain exercise on knee dextra osteoarthritis to overcome body and function. Results : After being given physiotherapy management with a combination of graston technique and closed kinetic chain exercise in patients with knee osteoarthritis, there was a decrease in pain so that the increase in functional ability is known from the reduction of the diagram from the results of filling the WOMAC index form pre treatment with the score being post treatment in six meetings. Conclusion : The combination of graston technique and closed kinetic chain exercise has effect on reducing pain so that it can improve the functional abilities of patients with knee osteoarthritis.
TINGKAT PEMAHAMAN PELATIH FUTSAL TERHADAP PENANGANAN CEDERA ENGKEL
Authors: Sanusi Rahmat
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pemahaman pelatih futsal terhadap penanganan cedera engkel. Metode penelitian ini adalah deskriptif. Instrumen penelitian melibatkan penyebaran angket, wawancara dan tes unjuk kerja dengan subjek penelitian sebanyak 27 orang. Data yang diperoleh dianalisa dengan menggunakan statistik deskriptif. Hasil analisa data menunjukkan diperoleh nilai mean 2.37 untuk pengetahuan teori dan 2.24 untuk pengetahuan praktek dengan kategori “cukup”. Dapat disimpulkan masih rendahnya pengetahuan pelatih dalam penanganan cedera engkel.

Kata Kunci: Pemahaman, Cedera, Pelatih dan Engkel

 

ABSTRACT

This study aims to investigation the level of coaches understanding coaches in handling ankle injuries. This research method is descriptive. Involving research instruments the distribution of questionnaires, interviews and performance tests with 27 subjects. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results of data analysis showed an average value of 2.37 for theoretical knowledge and 2.24 for practical knowledge in the "sufficient" category. It can be concluded that it is still low understanding of coaches on handling ankle injuries.

Key Word: Understanding, Injuries, Coach  & ankle
Length-Weight Relationship of the Most Landed Pelagic Fish Species European Pilchard (Sardina pilchardus Walbaum, 1792) and European Anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus Linnaeus, 1758) in the İzmir Bay (Aegean Sea, Turkey) Purse Seine Fishery
Authors: ŞENBAHAR Ahmet Mert , GÜLEÇ Özlem , TOSUNOĞLU Zafer , ÖZAYDIN Okan
Published: February 2020

Length-weight relationships (LWR) of the most landed pelagic fish species Sardina pilchardus Walbaum, 1792 and Engraulis encrasicolus Linnaeus, 1758 in the Izmir Bay purse seine fishery were determined to reveal latest situation. Purse seine is a non-selective fishing gear compare to the other fishing gear such as gillnet or trammel net. For this reason, sampling all size individuals is very important to calculate mean length and other LWR parameters. In this study, seasonal LWR coefficient and minimum-maximum lengths were established as monthly basis. LWR of S. pilchardus and E. encrasicolus were W = 0.0059L2.7930 (r² = 0.94) and W = 0.0019L3.4207, (r² = 0.87), respectively. Growth type of the S. pilchardus was found negative allometric whereas E. encrasicolus was positive allometric. A decrease of the mean total length of S. pilchardus has been considerable variable from 1994 to 2014 in Izmir Bay but with this study, it is observed that mean length of the sardine found near of 2006 value related to seasonal fishing pressure.
A Beetle in a Haystack: Are There Alternate Hosts of the Coffee Berry Borer (Hypothenemus hampei) in Puerto Rico?
Authors: J. Vega Victor , A. Mariño Yobana , Deynes Daymara , B. Greco Elsie , E. Bright Donald , Bayman Paul
Published: February 2020

Can the coffee berry borer (Hypothenemus hampei, or CBB) use host plants other than coffee for food and shelter? The use of fruits other than coffee has been reported. However, the validity of these reports depends on accurate identification of CBB, which is sometimes uncertain. In this study we sampled potential alternate hosts in coffee farms in Puerto Rico. Fruits with perforations were collected and examined for the presence of scolytid beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae). Scolytids were identified by morphology and DNA barcoding of the COI gene. Association between the presence of Inga vera and Guarea guidonia trees and infestation rate of CBB in coffee fruits was evaluated. Food preference tests were performed in the laboratory. A total of 3563 beetles were found and 587 were identified as Hypothenemus spp.; of these, 85 identifications were confirmed by DNA barcoding. Twenty-seven of the beetles identified were H. hampei, mostly in I. vera fruits in periods between coffee crops. Most scolytids identified were H. obscurus. In preference tests, some CBB initially penetrated G. guidonia fruits, but eventually chose coffee. There was no evidence of feeding or reproduction in fruits of G. guidonia or Cajanus cajan. The results show that in Puerto Rico it is rare to find CBB in fruits of alternate hosts. The scarcity of coffee fruits in the off-season might cause some CBBs to take refuge in other fruits, but they did not feed or reproduce in them in laboratory tests. Understanding the refugia of CBB in the off-season may be useful for designing effective management strategies.
Sustainability Assessment of the Green Compost Production Chain from Agricultural Waste: A Case Study in Southern Italy
Authors: Pergola Maria , Persiani Alessandro , Pastore Vittoria , Palese Assunta Maria , D’Adamo Carmine , De Falco Enrica , Celano Giuseppe
Published: February 2020

Horticultural farms are faced with the problem of disposing of huge amounts of agricultural by-products whose management requires sustainable solutions. Composting means to recycle organic waste to make compost—a high agronomic value product—able to positively affect soil quality: A good occasion to switch definitively from a conventional agriculture to an organic one. Nevertheless, composting can have negative direct/indirect environmental impacts. The aim of this research was to assess the sustainability of a windrow composting system, able to treat agricultural green waste of different typology (“light” and “heavy” with dry matter below or above 10%, respectively). Environmental impacts, energy consumptions, and production costs of all composting stages were evaluated by Life Cycle Assessment. Results show that the production of 1 ton of compost caused CO2eq emissions ranging from 199 to 250 kg and required between 1500 and 2000 MJ of energy; costs ranged between 98 and 162 euro, nevertheless lesser than the commercial green compost. The raw material typology affected significantly the composting process making compost based on “heavy” materials the most sustainable. These findings underline the need to spread this low technology process, easy to apply, especially in organic farms, and to promote the agronomic use of compost.
Post-Treatment with Erinacine A, a Derived Diterpenoid of H. erinaceus, Attenuates Neurotoxicity in MPTP Model of Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Lee Kam-Fai , Tung Shui-Yi , Teng Chih-Chuan , Shen Chien-Heng , Hsieh Meng Chiao , Huang Cheng-Yi , Lee Ko-Chao , Lee Li-Ya , Chen Wan-Ping , Chen Chin-Chu , Huang Wen-Shih , Kuo Hsing-Chun
Published: February 2020

Hericium erinaceus, a valuable pharmaceutical and edible mushroom, contains potent bioactive compounds such as H. erinaceus mycelium (HEM) and its derived ethanol extraction of erinacine A, which have been found to regulate physiological functions in our previous study. However, HEM or erinacine A with post-treatment regimens also shows effects on 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced neurotoxicity, but its mechanisms remain unknown. By using annexin-V–fluorescein-isothiocyanate (FITC)/propidium iodide staining and a 2’,7’ –dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFDA) staining assay, the cell death, cell viability, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MMP+)-treated Neuro-2a (N2a) cells with or without erinacine A addition were measured, respectively. Furthermore, signaling molecules for regulating the p21/GADD45 cell death pathways and PAKalpha, p21 (RAC1) activated kinase 1 (PAK1) survival pathways were also detected in the cells treated with MPP+ and erinacine A by Western blots. In neurotoxic animal models of MPTP induction, the effects of HEM or erinacine A and its mechanism in vivo were determined by measuring the TH-positive cell numbers and the protein level of the substantia nigra through a brain histological examination. Our results demonstrated that post-treatment with erinacine A was capable of preventing the cytotoxicity of neuronal cells and the production of ROS in vitro and in vivo through the neuroprotective mechanism for erinacine A to rescue the neurotoxicity through the disruption of the IRE1α/TRAF2 interaction and the reduction of p21 and GADD45 expression. In addition, erinacine A treatment activated the conserved signaling pathways for neuronal survival via the phosphorylation of PAK1, AKT, LIM domain kinase 2 (LIMK2), extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), and Cofilin. Similar changes in the signal molecules also were found in the substantia nigra of the MPTP, which caused TH+ neuron damage after being treated with erinacine A in the post-treatment regimens in a dose-dependent manner. Taken together, our data indicated a novel mechanism for post-treatment with erinacine A to protect from neurotoxicity through regulating neuronal survival and cell death pathways.
Carbonaceous Aerosols in Contrasting Atmospheric Environments in Greek Cities: Evaluation of the EC-tracer Methods for Secondary Organic Carbon Estimation
Authors: Kaskaoutis Dimitris G. , Grivas Georgios , Theodosi Christina , Tsagkaraki Maria , Paraskevopoulou Despina , Stavroulas Iasonas , Liakakou Eleni , Gkikas Antonis , Hatzianastassiou Nikolaos , Wu Cheng , Gerasopoulos Evangelos , Mihalopoulos Nikolaos
Published: February 2020

This study examines the carbonaceous-aerosol characteristics at three contrasting urban environments in Greece (Ioannina, Athens, and Heraklion), on the basis of 12 h sampling during winter (January to February 2013), aiming to explore the inter-site differences in atmospheric composition and carbonaceous-aerosol characteristics and sources. The winter-average organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) concentrations in Ioannina were found to be 28.50 and 4.33 µg m−3, respectively, much higher than those in Heraklion (3.86 µg m−3 for OC and 2.29 µg m−3 for EC) and Athens (7.63 µg m−3 for OC and 2.44 µg m−3 for EC). The winter OC/EC ratio in Ioannina (6.53) was found to be almost three times that in Heraklion (2.03), indicating a larger impact of wood combustion, especially during the night, whereas in Heraklion, emissions from biomass burning were found to be less intense. Estimations of primary and secondary organic carbon (POC and SOC) using the EC-tracer method, and specifically its minimum R-squared (MRS) variant, revealed large differences between the sites, with a prevalence of POC (67–80%) in Ioannina and Athens and with a larger SOC fraction (53%) in Heraklion. SOC estimates were also obtained using the 5% and 25% percentiles of the OC/EC data to determine the (OC/EC)pri, leading to results contrasting to the MRS approach in Ioannina (70–74% for SOC). Although the MRS method provides generally more robust results, it may significantly underestimate SOC levels in environments highly burdened by biomass burning, as the fast-oxidized semi-volatile OC associated with combustion sources is classified in POC. Further analysis in Athens revealed that the difference in SOC estimates between the 5% percentile and MRS methods coincided with the semi-volatile oxygenated organic aerosol as quantified by aerosol mass spectrometry. Finally, the OC/Kbb+ ratio was used as tracer for decomposition of the POC into fossil-fuel and biomass-burning components, indicating the prevalence of biomass-burning POC, especially in Ioannina (77%).
Exposure Indices of Extreme Wind-Driven Rain Events for Built Heritage
Authors: Orr Scott Allan , Cassar May
Published: February 2020

Building performance and material change of cultural heritage in urban areas are negatively impacted by wind-driven rain (WDR). The frequency and intensity of WDR exposure are modified by climate change. Current approaches to exposure assessment emphasise prolonged exposure. Here, we propose indices to represent the exposure of cultural heritage to extreme WDR events. The indices are derived in two stages: (1) time-binning of long-term exposure, and (2) statistical representation of the occurrence of infrequent but intense events by fitting to the Generalised Extreme Value (GEV) distribution. A comparison to an existing exposure assessment procedure demonstrates that the proposed indices better represent shorter, more intense, and more consistent WDR events. Indices developed for seasons had greater statistical confidence than those developed for annual exposure. One index is contextualised within a model of a gutter on a terraced building: this converts the index from a measure of exposure to potential impact. This evaluation demonstrated the importance of maintenance to reduce the potential impact of WDR events. This work has direct and indirect implications for developing robust assessment procedures for cultural heritage exposure to extreme weather events.
Combining HF rTMS over the Left DLPFC with Concurrent Cognitive Activity for the Offline Modulation of Working Memory in Healthy Volunteers: A Proof-of-Concept Study
Authors: Bakulin Ilya , Zabirova Alfiia , Lagoda Dmitry , Poydasheva Alexandra , Cherkasova Anastasiia , Pavlov Nikolay , Kopnin Peter , Sinitsyn Dmitry , Kremneva Elena , Fedorov Maxim , Gnedovskaya Elena , Suponeva Natalia , Piradov Michael
Published: February 2020

It has been proposed that the effectiveness of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) as a cognitive enhancement technique may be enhanced by combining the stimulation with concurrent cognitive activity. However, the benefits of such a combination in comparison to protocols without ongoing cognitive activity have not yet been studied. In the present study, we investigate the effects of fMRI-guided high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (HF rTMS) over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) on working memory (WM) in healthy volunteers, using an n-back task with spatial and verbal stimuli and a spatial span task. In two combined protocols (TMS + WM + (maintenance) and TMS + WM + (rest)) trains of stimuli were applied in the maintenance and rest periods of the modified Sternberg task, respectively. We compared them to HF rTMS without a cognitive load (TMS + WM −) and control stimulation (TMS − WM + (maintenance)). No serious adverse effects appeared in this study. Among all protocols, significant effects on WM were shown only for the TMS + WM − with oppositely directed influences of this protocol on storage and manipulation in spatial WM. Moreover, there was a significant difference between the effects of TMS + WM − and TMS + WM + (maintenance), suggesting that simultaneous cognitive activity does not necessarily lead to an increase in TMS effects.
Professional Training of Future Preschool Teachers in the Field of Artistic and Aesthetic Education by Means of Contextual Learning Technologies
Authors: Krasovska Olha , Miskova Nataliya , Veremchuk Alla
Published: February 2020

The article deals with the development peculiarities of the subject artistic competence of future preschool teachers in the field of artistic and aesthetic education of children by means of contextual educational technologies. The students in question were being observed during the classes of Fundamentals of the Fine Arts with Methodology, the lessons of Decorative Arts with Methodology, as well as the Artistic Production and Design Fundamentals sessions. The purpose of the article is to reveal the methodology of contextual learning technologies’ implementation into the process of future preschool educators training and check their effectiveness in the realm of children’s artistic and aesthetic education experimentally. In the course of the research, we used such methods as analysis and synthesis of psychological, pedagogical, and art sources, as well as studying and generalization of the current state of future preschool teachers professional training in the field of artistic and aesthetic education. We also employed analysis, comparison, and classification with the aim of determining the essential characteristics, criteria, and levels of future preschool teachers’ subject competence in artistic and aesthetic education. Another approach that we turned to was that of pedagogical experiment with the further qualitative and quantitative analysis of its results using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov statistical criterion. The outcomes of the experiment brought about a need for the implementation of contextual learning technologies into the development of future preschool educators’ subject competence.
Acknowledgement to Reviewers of Clocks & Sleep in 2019
Authors:   Clocks & Sleep Editorial Office
Published: February 2020

The editorial team greatly appreciates the reviewers who have dedicated their considerable time and expertise to the journal’s rigorous editorial process over the past 12 months, regardless of whether the papers are finally published or not [...]
Mechanical Properties and Hydrogen Embrittlement of Laser-Surface Melted AISI 430 Ferritic Stainless Steel
Authors: Chan W. K. , Kwok C. T. , Lo K. H.
Published: February 2020

In the present study, the feasibility of laser surface melting (LSM) of AISI 430 ferritic stainless steel to minimize hydrogen embrittlement (HE) was investigated. LSM of AISI 430 steel was successfully achieved by a 2.3-kW high power diode laser (HPDL) with scanning speeds of 60 mm/s and 80 mm/s (the samples are designated as V60 and V80, respectively) at a power of 2 kW. To investigate the HE effect on the AISI 430 steel without and with LSM, hydrogen was introduced into specimens by cathodic charging in 0.1 M NaOH solution under galvanostatic conditions at a current density of 30 mA/cm2 and 25 °C. Detail microstructural analysis was performed and the correlation of microstructure with HE was evaluated. By electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis, the austenite contents for the laser-surface melted specimens V60 and V80 are found to be 0.6 and 1.9 wt%, respectively. The amount of retained austenite in LSM specimens was reduced with lower laser scanning speed. The surface microhardness of the laser-surface melted AISI 430 steel (~280 HV0.2) is found to be increased by 56% as compared with that of the substrate (~180 HV0.2) because of the presence of martensite. The degree of embrittlement caused by hydrogen for the charged and non-charged AISI 430 steel was obtained using slow-strain-rate tensile (SSRT) test in air at a strain rate of 3 × 10−5 s−1. After hydrogen pre-charging, the ductility of as-received AISI 430 steel was reduced from 0.44 to 0.25 while the laser-surface melted AISI 430 steel showed similar tensile properties as the as-received one. After LSM, the value of HE susceptibility Iδ decreases from 43.2% to 38.9% and 38.2% for V60 and V80, respectively, due to the presence of martensite.
Bat Ensembles Differ in Response to Use Zones in a Tropical Biosphere Reserve
Authors: Yoh Natalie , Azhar Isham , Fitzgerald Katheryn V. , Yu Rieka , Smith-Butler Tenaja , Mahyudin Azniza , Kingston Tigga
Published: February 2020

Biosphere reserves, designated under The United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organization’s (UNESCO) Man and Biosphere Programme, aim to sustainably integrate protected areas into the biological and economic landscape around them by buffering strictly protected habitats with zones of limited use. However, the effectiveness of biosphere reserves and the contribution of the different zones of use to protection is poorly known. We assessed the diversity and activity of bats in the Crocker Range Biosphere Reserve (CRBR) in Sabah, Malaysia, using harp traps, mist nets and acoustic surveys in each zone—core, buffer, transition and in agricultural plots outside of the reserve. We captured 30 species, bringing the known bat fauna of CRBR to 50 species, half of Borneo’s bat species. Species composition and acoustic activity varied among zones and by foraging ensemble, with the core and buffer showing particular importance for conserving forest-dependent insectivorous bats. Frugivorous bats were found in all zones but were the most abundant and most species-rich ensemble within agricultural sites. Although sampling was limited, bat diversity and activity was low in the transition zone compared to other zones, indicating potential for management practices that increase food availability and enhance biodiversity value. We conclude that, collectively, the zones of the CRBR effectively protect diversity, but the value of the transition zone can be improved.
A Collection of 13 Archaeal and 46 Bacterial Genomes Reconstructed from Marine Metagenomes Derived from the North Sea
Authors: Wemheuer Bernd
Published: February 2020

Marine bacteria are key drivers of ocean biogeochemistry. Despite the increasing number of studies, the complex interaction of marine bacterioplankton communities with their environment is still not fully understood. Additionally, our knowledge about prominent marine lineages is mostly based on genomic information retrieved from single isolates, which do not necessarily represent these groups. Consequently, deciphering the ecological contributions of single bacterioplankton community members is one major challenge in marine microbiology. In the present study, we reconstructed 13 archaeal and 46 bacterial metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) from four metagenomic data sets derived from the North Sea. Archaeal MAGs were affiliated to Marine Group II within the Euryarchaeota. Bacterial MAGs mainly belonged to marine groups within the Bacteroidetes as well as alpha- and gammaproteobacteria. In addition, two bacterial MAGs were classified as members of the Actinobacteria and Verrucomicrobiota, respectively. The reconstructed genomes contribute to our understanding of important marine lineages and may serve as a basis for further research on functional traits of these groups.
Fractional-Order Approximation and Synthesis of a PID Controller for a Buck Converter
Authors: Soriano-Sánchez Allan G. , Rodríguez-Licea Martín A. , Pérez-Pinal Francisco J. , Vázquez-López José A.
Published: February 2020

In this paper, the approximation of a fractional-order PIDcontroller is proposed to control a DC–DC converter. The synthesis and tuning process of the non-integer PID controller is described step by step. A biquadratic approximation is used to produce a flat phase response in a band-limited frequency spectrum. The proposed method takes into consideration both robustness and desired closed-loop characteristics, keeping the tuning process simple. The transfer function of the fractional-order PID controller and its time domain representation are described and analyzed. The step response of the fractional-order PID approximation shows a faster and stable regulation capacity. The comparison between typical PID controllers and the non-integer PID controller is provided to quantify the regulation speed introduced by the fractional-order PID approximation. Numerical simulations are provided to corroborate the effectiveness of the non-integer PID controller.
Elimination of Common Mode Voltage in the Three-To-Nine-Phase Matrix Converter
Authors: Rząsa Janina , Sztajmec Elżbieta
Published: February 2020

A multiphase matrix converter (MC) is a direct AC/AC converter with n-phase input and m-phase output that is required to supply multiphase systems. To synthesize the controllable sinusoidal output voltage and input current with controllable displacement angle, the pulse width modulation (PWM) is implemented. On account of the PWM usage, there is common mode voltage (CMV), which is detrimental and causes lots of failures. This paper investigates the CMV elimination in the three-to-nine-phase MC. The carrier-based space vector modulation (SVM) with Venturini modulation functions is used. The elimination of the CMV is realized by applying rotating voltage space vectors only. The simulation results presented in this study show that the CMV is entirely eliminated and prove the usefulness of the proposed modulation method.
Critical Analysis of Process Integration Options for Joule-Cycle and Conventional Heat Pumps
Authors: Gai Limei , Varbanov Petar Sabev , Walmsley Timothy Gordon , Klemeš Jiří Jaromír
Published: February 2020

To date, research on heat pumps (HP) has mainly focused on vapour compression heat pumps (VCHP), transcritical heat pumps (TCHP), absorption heat pumps, and their heat integration with processes. Few studies have considered the Joule cycle heat pump (JCHP), which raises several questions. What are the characteristics and specifics of these different heat pumps? How are they different when they integrate with the processes? For different processes, which heat pump is more appropriate? To address these questions, the performance and integration of different types of heat pumps with various processes have been studied through Pinch Methodology. The results show that different heat pumps have their own optimal application range. The new JCHP is suitable for processes in which the temperature changes of source and sink are both massive. The VCHP is more suitable for the source and sink temperatures, which are near-constant. The TCHP is more suitable for sources with small temperature changes and sinks with large temperature changes. This study develops an approach that provides guidance for the selection of heat pumps by applying Process Integration to various combinations of heat pump types and processes. It is shown that the correct choice of heat pump type for each application is of utmost importance, as the Coefficient of Performance can be improved by up to an order of magnitude. By recovering and upgrading process waste heat, heat pumps can save 15–78% of the hot utility depending on the specific process.
A Review of Strategies to Increase PV Penetration Level in Smart Grids
Authors: Aleem Sk Abdul , Hussain S. M. Suhail , Ustun Taha Selim
Published: February 2020

Due to environmental concerns, power system generation is shifting from traditional fossil-fuel resources to renewable energy such as wind, solar and geothermal. Some of these technologies are very location specific while others require high upfront costs. Photovoltaic (PV) generation has become the rising star of this pack, thanks to its versatility. It can be implemented with very little upfront costs, e.g., small solar home systems, or large solar power plants can be developed to generate MWs of power. In contrast with wind or tidal generation, PV can be deployed all around the globe, albeit with varying potentials. These merits have made PV the renewable energy technology with highest installed capacity around the globe. However, PV penetration into the grid comes with its drawbacks. The inverter-interfaced nature of the PV systems significantly impacts the power system operation from protection, power flow and stability perspectives. There must be strategies to mitigate these negative impacts so that PV penetration into the grid can continue. This paper gives a thorough overview of such strategies from different research fields: such as communication, artificial intelligence, power electronics and electric vehicle charging coordination. In addition, possible research directions are given for future work.
A Decentralized Optimization Strategy for Distributed Generators Power Allocation in Microgrids Based on Load Demand–Power Generation Equivalent Forecasting
Authors: Zhang Shicong , Yu Zilong , Zhou Bowen , Yang Zhile , Yang Dongsheng
Published: February 2020

In order to guarantee the economic and reliable operation of renewable Distributed Generators (DGs) in microgrids, a decentralized optimization strategy for DGs power allocation is proposed in this paper. According to the method, all processes and parameters are designed in a fully distributed way. To achieve decentralization and to maintain the balance between power supply and load demand, a load demand–power generation equivalent forecasting method is proposed to improve the strategy through replacing information of load demand by predicted power output, which removes the load prediction center and load sensor devices. The data of historical power generation, which is used for prediction, has already satisfied the balance constraint between power supply and load demand. Therefore, when the balance between the real power output and the predicted power output is gained, the balance constraint of power supply and load demand is achieved. Meanwhile, the uncertainty and forecasting errors of renewable generation are taken into account in the cost functions to optimize the expense of DG operation comprehensively. Then, the proposed algorithm is expounded in detail and the convergence is proved by eigenvalue perturbation theory. Finally, various cases are simulated to verify the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed method. In summary, the proposed method are effective tools for DGs economic power allocation and the decentralization of microgrid system.
Nanofluid Based on Carbon Dots Functionalized with Ionic Liquids for Energy Applications
Authors: M. R. Gonçalves Helena , Neves Susana A. F. , Duarte Abel , de Zea Bermudez Verónica
Published: February 2020

The development of materials that can help overcome the current limitations in energy storage and consumption is a pressing need. Recently, we developed non-Newtonian nanofluids based on non-toxic, carbon nanoparticles (NPs), carbon dots (Cdots) functionalized with ionic liquids. Here, we wanted to prove that these new nanofluids are, not only interesting as possible electrolytes, but also as new organic/inorganic hybrid separators. As such, we developed an entrapment method using poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). Indeed, the highly conductive Cdots were successfully retained inside the membrane even upon the application of several wetting/drying cycles. Moreover, the morphological characteristics did not change upon wetting/drying cycles and remained constant for more than four months. These nanofluids could be an interesting approach to tackle some of the current problems in the fields of solid-state batteries, and energy storage, among others.
Synthesis and Application of Heterogeneous Catalysts Based on Heteropolyacids for 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural Production from Glucose
Authors: Siqueira Mancilha Nogueira Jéssica , Alves Silva João Paulo , Mussatto Solange I. , Melo Carneiro Livia
Published: February 2020

This study aimed to evaluate the synthesis and application of heterogeneous catalysts based on heteropolyacids for 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) production from glucose. Initially, assays were carried out in order to establish the most favorable catalyst synthesis conditions. For such purpose, calcination temperature (300 or 500 °C), type of support (Nb2O5 or Al2O3), and active phase (H3PW12O40—HPW or H3PMo12O40—HPMo) were tested and combined based on Taguchi’s L8 orthogonal array. As a result, HPW-Nb2O5 calcined at 300 °C was selected as it presented optimal HMF production performance (9.5% yield). Subsequently, the reaction conditions capable of maximizing HMF production from glucose using the selected catalyst were established. In these experiments, different temperatures (160 or 200 °C), acetone-to-water ratios (1:1 or 3:1 v/v), glucose concentrations (50 or 100 g/L), and catalyst concentrations (1 or 5% w/v) were evaluated according to a Taguchi’s L16 experimental design. The conditions that resulted in the highest HMF yield (40.8%) consisted of using 50 g/L of glucose at 160 °C, 1:1 (v/v) acetone-to-water ratio, and catalyst concentration of 5% (w/v). Recycling tests revealed that the catalyst can be used in four runs, which results in the same HMF yield (approx. 40%).
Evaluation on Overheating Risk of a Typical Norwegian Residential Building under Future Extreme Weather Conditions
Authors: Tian Zhiyong , Zhang Shicong , Deng Jie , Dorota Hrynyszyn Bozena
Published: February 2020

As the temperature in the summer period in Norway has been always moderate, little study on the indoor comfort of typical Norwegian residential buildings in summer seasons can be found. Heat waves have attacked Norway in recent years, including in 2018 and 2019. Zero energy buildings, even neighborhoods, have been a hot research topic in Norway. There is overheating risk in typical Norwegian residential buildings without cooling devices installed under these uncommon weather conditions, like the hot summers in 2018 and 2019. Three weather scenarios consisting of present-day weather data, 2050 weather data, and 2080 weather data are investigated in this study. The overheating risk of a typical Norwegian residential building is evaluated under these three weather scenarios. 72 scenarios are simulated in this study, including different orientations, window-to-wall ratios, and infiltration rates. Two different overheating evaluation criteria and guidelines, the Passive House Planning Package (PHPP) and the CIBSE TM 59, are compared in this study.
Reactive Power Transfer via Matrix Converter Controlled by the “One Periodical” Algorithm
Authors: Sieńko Tomasz , Szczepanik Jerzy , Martis Claudia
Published: February 2020

The article describes the application of a straight forward energy converter, a multiphase matrix converter (MC), as part of a device, connected parallel to the power grid, and able to supply variable reactive power flow to the power system. The research performed by authors included the development of control procedures for a multiphase MC, based on a new approach and power system (application) requirements. The multiphase MC structure (6 × 6, 12 × 12) was used since the proposed control procedure creates output as the combination of input voltages. The increased number of phases decreases the order of harmonics in the MC converter similarly as in multilevel converters. This manuscript concentrates on the mathematical analysis of MC work under the “one periodical” algorithm and links it introduces in the power system. The previously developed, spatial-temporal mathematical model of the MC was limited to the dominant (first) harmonic and applied between the grid and reactive load. The results obtained from the analysis of the model showed that, for the applied control procedure (one periodical algorithm), the output voltage is built only from positive or negative sequences of input voltage. Three cases were recognized where the sign input power factor depends on input voltage and control sequence as well as on the value of control frequency. The effects of the model simulation were compared to those obtained from the MATLAB simulation and from the real laboratory 30 kVA-rated model. The main factors analyzed during this research include the expected value and distortion of input current and sign of reactive input power.