bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eddy current non-destructive testing for inspection of reformer tubes applying machine learning
Authors: Brandão Ana Carolina Pereira Soares , Fonseca Ana Beatriz Dantas , Soares Iane de Araujo , Pacheco Clara Johanna , Fernandes Daniel Mendes , Eckstein Carlos Bruno , Nogueira Junior Laudemiro , Almeida Luiz Henrique de , Pereira Gabriela Ribeiro
Published: February 2024

HP austenitic stainless steel undergoes microstructural aging due to prolonged exposure to oxidizing and corrosive atmospheres in steam reforming furnaces. The derived aging states are classified by its service temperature and microstructural markers and monitoring it is important to residual life assessment. In this regard it was used a portable Eddy Current inspection system with the aid of machine learning classification tools, characterizing aging states in HP steel in real-time. The classification profile of a 12-meter tube was acquired, validated through Field Metallurgical Replication. The developed Eddy Current inspection system successfully differentiates three regions, revealing a progression of aging states.
Bridging the gap in biomedical information retrieval: Harnessing machine learning for enhanced search results and query semantics
Authors: Madhubala P. , Ghanimi Hayder M.A. , Sengan Sudhakar , Abhishek Kumar
Published: February 2024

The medical domain faces unique challenges in Information Retrieval (IR) due to the complexity of medical language and terminology discrepancies between user queries and documents. While traditional Keyword-Based Methods (KBM) have limitations, the integration of semantic knowledge bases and concept mapping techniques enhances data organization and retrieval. Addressing the growing demands in the biomedical field, a novel medical Information Retrieval System (IRS) is proposed that employs Deep Learning (DL) and KBM. This system comprises five core steps: pre-processing of texts, document indexing using DL (ELMo) and KBM, advanced query processing, a BiLSTM-based retrieval network for contextual representation, and a KR-R re-ranking algorithm to refine document relevance. The purpose of the system is to give users improved biomedical search results through the integration of all of these techniques into a method that takes into consideration the semantic problems of medical records. An in-depth examination of the TREC-PM track samples from 2017 to 2019 observed an impressive leading MRR score of 0.605 in 2017 and a best-in-class rPrec score of 0.350 in 2019, proving how well able the system is to detect and rank relevant medical records accurately.
Advancing document-level relation extraction with a syntax-enhanced multi-hop reasoning network
Authors: Zhong Yu , Shen Bo , Wang Tao
Published: February 2024

Document-level relation extraction aims to uncover relations between entities by harnessing the intricate information spread throughout a document. Previous research involved constructing discrete syntactic matrices to capture syntactic relationships within documents. However, these methods are significantly influenced by dependency parsing errors, leaving much of the latent syntactic information untapped. Moreover, prior research has mainly focused on modeling two-hop reasoning between entity pairs, which has limited applicability in scenarios requiring multi-hop reasoning. To tackle these challenges, a syntax-enhanced multi-hop reasoning network (SEMHRN) is proposed. Specifically, the approach begins by using a dependency probability matrix that incorporates richer grammatical information instead of a sparse syntactic parsing matrix to build the syntactic graph. This effectively reduces syntactic parsing errors and enhances the model’s robustness. To fully leverage dependency information, dependency-type-aware attention is introduced to refine edge weights based on connecting edge types. Additionally, a part-of-speech prediction task is included to regularize word embeddings. Unrelated entity pairs can disrupt the model’s focus, reducing its efficiency. To concentrate the model’s attention on related entity pairs, these related pairs are extracted, and a multi-hop reasoning graph attention network is employed to capture the multi-hop dependencies among them. Experimental results on three public document-level relation extraction datasets validate that SEMHRN achieves a competitive F1 score compared to the current state-of-the-art methods.
Exploring household food security through institutional factors: A statistical and mathematical analysis
Authors: Khan Younas , Ashraf Shahzaib , Farman Muhammad , Abdallah Suhad Ali Osman
Published: February 2024

Achieving household food security is the tumbling issue of the century. This article explores the factors affecting household food security and solutions by utilizing a synergy of statistical and mathematical models. The methodology section is divided into two portions namely sociological and mathematical methods. Sociologically, 379 household heads were interviewed through structured questions and further analyzed in terms of descriptive and binary logistic regression. The study found that 4 independent variables (poverty, poor governance, militancy, and social stratification) showed a significant association (P = 0.000) to explain variations in the dependent variable (household FS). The Omnibus test value (χ2= 102.386; P = 0.000) demonstrated that the test for the entire model against constant was statistically significant. Therefore, the set of predictor variables could better distinguish the variation in household FS. The Nagelkerke’s R Square (R2 = .333) helps to interpret that the prediction variable and the group variables had a strong relationship. Moreover, 23% to 33% variation in FS was explained by the grouping variables (Cox and Snell R2 = 0.237 and Nagelkerke’s R2 = 0.333). The significant value of Wald test results for each variable confirmed that the grouping variables (poor governance P = 0.004, militancy P = 0.000, social stratification P = 0.021 and poverty P = 0.000) significantly predicted FS at the household level. Mathematically, all the statistics were validated further through the application of spherical fuzzy mathematics (TOPIS and MADM) to explore what factors are affecting household FS. Thus, the study found that F3 (poverty) > F2 (militancy) > F4 (social stratification) > F1 (poor governance) respectively. Thus, it could be concluded from these findings that the prevalence of poverty dysfunctional all the channels of household FS at the macro and micro levels. Therefore, a sound and workable model to eradicate poverty in the study area by ensuring social safety nets for the locals was put forward some of the policy implications for the government are the order of the day.
Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 4 (mGlu4) Positive Allosteric Modulators Lack Efficacy in Rat and Marmoset Models of L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesia
Authors: Finlay Clare J. , Jackson Michael J. , Fisher Ria , Bundgaard Christoffer , Rose Sarah , Duty Susan
Published: February 2024

Background:

Increased activity across corticostriatal glutamatergic synapses may contribute to L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson’s disease. Given the weak efficacy and side-effect profile of amantadine, alternative strategies to reduce glutamate transmission are being investigated. Metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 (mGlu4) is a promising target since its activation would reduce glutamate release.

Objective:

We hypothesized that two mGlu4 positive allosteric modulators, Lu AF21934 ((1 S,2 R)-N1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxamide) and ADX88178 (5-Methyl-N-(4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)-4-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)thiazol-2-amine), would provide relief in rat and primate models of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia.

Methods:

The ability of Lu AF21934 or ADX88178 to reverse pre-established dyskinesia was examined in L-DOPA-primed 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats expressing abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs) or in 1-methyl-4-phenyl,1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-treated common marmosets expressing L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. Additionally, the ability of Lu AF21934 to prevent the development of de novo L-DOPA-induced AIMs was explored in the 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats.

Results:

Neither Lu AF21934 (10 or 30 mg/kg p.o.) nor ADX88178 (10 or 30 mg/kg p.o.) reduced pre-established AIMs in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats. Similarly, in L-DOPA-primed common marmosets, no reduction in established dyskinesia was observed with Lu AF21934 (3 or 10 mg/kg p.o.). Conversely, amantadine significantly reduced (>40%) the expression of dyskinesia in both models. Lu AF21934 also failed to suppress the development of AIMs in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats.

Conclusions:

This study found no benefit of mGlu4 positive allosteric modulators in tackling L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. These findings are concordant with the recent failure of foliglurax in phase II clinical trials supporting the predictive validity of these pre-clinical dyskinesia models, while raising further doubt on the anti-dyskinetic potential of mGlu4 positive allosteric modulators.
Experimental Animal Models of Prodromal Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Yamakado Hodaka , Takahashi Ryosuke
Published: February 2024

There is an estimated 35–45% loss of striatal dopamine at the time of diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease (PD), and cases clinically diagnosed in the early stages may already be pathologically in advanced stages. Recent large-scale clinical trials of disease-modifying therapies (DMT) also suggest the necessity of targeting patients at earlier stages of the disease. From this perspective, the prodromal phase of PD is currently the focus of attention, emphasizing the need for a prodromal mouse model that accurately reflects the pathophysiology, along with early biomarkers. To establish prodromal animal model of PD with high face validity that reflects the disease state, the model must possess high construct validity that accurately incorporates clinical and pathological features in the prodromal phase. Furthermore, as a preclinical model of DMT, the model must possess high predictive validity to accurately evaluate the response to intervention. This review provides an overview of animal models which reflect the characteristics of prodromal PD, including alpha-synuclein (aS) accumulation and associated early non-motor symptoms, with a focus on the aS propagation model and genetic model. In addition, we discuss the challenges associated with these models. The genetic model often fails to induce motor symptoms, while aS propagation models skip the crucial step of initial aS aggregate formation, thereby not fully replicating the entire natural course of the disease. Identifying factors that induce the transition from prodromal to symptomatic phase is important as a preclinical model for DMT to prevent or delay the onset of the disease.
Impact of Yoga on anxiety, stress and sleep quality among health care professionals during a public health crisis
Authors: Shrimal Pragya Jain , Maharana Satyapriya , Dave Anupama , Metri Kashinath G. , Raghuram Nagarathna , Shrimal Shivendra
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND: Health care professionals (HCPs) working on the frontlines of health care emergencies/pandemics often experience elevated anxiety, stress and reduced quality of sleep. Yoga is a mind-body practice that has been proven to effective in improving physical and mental health. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of integrated Yoga intervention on mental health measures and sleep quality among HCPs working during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 110 HCPs, including Doctors and nursing staff, with an age range of 20 to 65 years who were recruited through a convenience sampling method and assigned to a Yoga group (n = 55) or a control group (n = 55). The Yoga group received a weekly one-hour Yoga session followed by a 30-minute self-practice three times a week at home for one month. The control group followed routine activity. Heart rate (HR), Blood Pressure, stress measures (Perceived Stress and visual analogue Scale for Stress), COVID-related anxiety, Sleep Quality, Quality of life and Preservative Thinking were assessed before and after the intervention. RESULTS: A significant decrease in stress measures, COVID-19-related anxiety and fear, and perseverative thinking was noticed in the Yoga group. Sleep quality and quality of life also improved significantly. The control group showed no significant change. At one month, the Yoga group showed significantly greater improvement in stress measures, COVID-19-related anxiety and fear, perseverative thinking, sleep quality and quality of life compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: Yoga practice during the public health crisis would help reduce anxiety and stress and improve sleep among HCPs. Further randomized controlled trials are warranted.
Support factors contributing to successful start-up businesses by young entrepreneurs in South Africa
Authors: van Niekerk Lana , Claassens Nicheri , Fish Jenna , Foiret Chanel , Franckeiss Jenna , Thesnaar Lomarie
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND: Unemployment and restricted work opportunities for youth are enduring social challenges that affect health, well-being, and quality of life, especially in low- to middle-income countries. When considering the advantages associated with work as a determinant of health, unemployment is understood to contribute to occupational injustice. However, self-employment, hailed the solution to youth unemployment, is often necessity-driven, precarious in nature and restricted by the low success rate of business start-ups. OBJECTIVE: Research was undertaken to explore factors perceived to contribute to the success of start-up businesses in an informal settlement in the Western Cape of South Africa. The importance of support in the success of business start-ups will be the focus of this article. METHODS: A collective case study, using narrative interviewing and - analysis, was undertaken in South Africa. Two narrative interviews were conducted with each of the five participants who were youth entrepreneurs and founders of start-up businesses. Data analysis comprised the use of narrative analysis and paradigmatic type narrative analysis. RESULTS: Three themes captured factors deemed to have contributed to the success of start-up businesses. The vital role of support systems and networks in business success was demonstrated. CONCLUSIONS: Support systems included family, friends, role models, mentors, team members and business partners. Identification, utilization, and ongoing development of support structures available in the social networks of young entrepreneurs were perceived to have contributed to the success of start-ups.
Uncovering Insights Into the Bio-Efficiency of Zingiber Officinale Roscoe: Understanding Components That Contribute Significantly to Ginger’s Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Potential in Relationship With Modern Drying Methods
Authors: Ahmed Rabiat Shola , Ademoyegun Olufemi Temitope , Salau Shina , Raphael David Olamide
Published: February 2024

This study investigates the effects of two (2) modern food drying procedures on the bioactive ability of ginger and also unlock the active ingredients responsible for their bioactivities, in an effort to uncover the interesting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of ginger. These active ingredients can be the key to the development of affordable, risk-free, and efficient anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant drugs in the future. To achieve these, the study used a diverse approach that includes in vitro metabolic research, in silico protein-ligand interactions, toxicity assessments, and molecular dynamics simulations. Results reveal that the antioxidant activity of freeze-dried ginger (FD-G) was higher than that of oven-dried ginger (OD-G). Notably, in silico analyses showed that the main chemical constituents FD-1, OD-5, and OD-7 were responsible for ginger's bioactivity by virtue of their binding affinity, structural stability, and conformational potential to the protein complex. In general, the findings could imply that dried ginger has the ability to enhance the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of ginger by 12.90-17.91% and 4-11.2%, respectively, when compared to the usual drugs Vitamin C and Aspirin.
Effective use of Waste Materials: A Case Study of Utilization of Fly Ash in Flexible Pavement Structures
Authors: Gazder Uneb , Arifuzzaman Md , Abid Madiha
Published: February 2024

Generation of energy through thermal processes is still dominant in many parts of the world. One of the by-products of this process is fly ash, whose safe disposal incurs monetary and environmental costs. To mitigate this issue, utilization of fly ash, as a construction material, has been increasing remarkably; however, evaluation and summarization of its use in pavement construction are not very common. This study reviews its utilization in construction from different aspects and attempts to fill the gap within the literature with a critical review of fly ash usage in pavement construction engineering for the last few decades. Further recommendations have also been suggested in this context. Class ‘C’ fly ash is used for soil stabilization and class ‘F’ is used in concrete. Review of the literature found the following results. Application of fly ash, in both flexible (asphalt) and rigid (concrete) pavement, is common in the form of a filler material. However, this paper only focuses on its use in flexible pavement layers. In the case of flexible pavement, fly ash is used can be used in surface, base, and sub-grade layers. The surface layer is made up of concrete, wherein it can be used as mineral filler or partial replacement of asphalt. The most common types of test performed on asphalt concrete are Marshall stability and tensile strength. However, there is a lack of field testing studies on asphalt concrete modified with fly ash. As for the other layers of flexible pavement, fly ash has been used with activators for their stabilization as these layers are made up of natural compact materials. Fly ash has shown promising results when used with cement, with both used within a proportion of 10%. The future research areas, identified through this review, are modeling of pavement layers modified with fly ash, and standardization of fly ash properties for use in pavement layers.
Continuum Models and Singularities for Heat Distributions From Light
Authors: Strömberg Lena
Published: February 2024

Air flow and quasi-static heat around heat sources and shields are exemplified and analysed. The purpose is to (improve thermal efficiency, i.e.,) obtain much heat adjacent to the device and its surrounding. Knowledge from single devices and sources in a row is used and interpreted into comparisons with e.g. heat waves. Navier-Stokes equations, other balance equations, and rules from continuum mechanics are scrutinized and combined with proposals for the buoyancy of heated air. Results for singularities are derived and visualised with the aim to describe heat power potentials in room layers.
Digital processing of photometric data of remote sensing of winter rye fields
Authors: Vorobyov Nikolay , Puhal'skiy Yan , Astapova Marina Alekseevna , Surin Vladimir Georgievich , Pischik Veronika Nikolaevna
Published: February 2024

Abstract. The paper considers the possibility of using neural network structures of an artificial intelligence system for processing photometric data of remote sensing of winter rye crops grown in the conditions of the Leningrad Region on the field of the educational and experimental garden of Saint Petersburg State Agrarian University in 2014–2015. In the process of cultivating plants, various types of treatments were applied: the application of mineral fertilizers, microelements and a microbial biological product. To process the photometric data, the Rosenblatt perceptron was used, which analyzes the similarities and differences in the photometric NDVI profiles of winter rye crops obtained from different variants of the experiment. According to the numerical indicators of vegetation indices, it was possible to construct phase portraits of the trajectory of their movement on the coordinate plane of the field. Further cluster analysis of the data obtained, converted into a square matrix of paired Euclidean distances, made it possible to identify on the dendrogram a grouping of variants in which the connecting components were the use of a microbiological inoculant. When using a biological product, there is a more complete development of plants in crops and their evenness in the field improves. The minimum coefficient of variation was observed for the variant without the use of a biological product, but with the joint use of a complex of all mineral fertilizers (50 phosphorite flour + 50 KCl + 50 ammonium nitrate) and microelements at a dose of 250 kg/ha. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that the images of the trajectories of the points of the NDVI profiles provide qualitative information reflecting the dynamics of the ontogeny phases of winter rye plants. Based on the nature of the selected sections of these trajectories, it is possible to create a digital map of the experimental field, with the help of which to conduct a protocol for remote diagnostics of the state of crop productivity and make a forecast of their yield during harvesting.
Using the germination process to increase the antioxidant properties of raw materials
Authors: Naumenko Natalia , Fatkullin Rinat Il'gidarovich , Neverova Ol'ga , Kalinina Irina Valer'evna
Published: February 2024

Abstract. The development of technology for controlled germination of grains and raw ingredients based on them, as well as the adaptation of methods and approaches for each individual crop, is one of the promising areas in the development of a line of food products that meets all the requirements of the modern population. The novelty of the research lies in the use of short-term temperature exposure as a disinfecting step before the process of germination of barley grain and the formation of an evidence base that this type of exposure does not have a negative impact on the remaining technological stages. The purpose of the study was to study the possibility of using barley grain in germination technology for the further production of raw ingredients with increased antioxidant properties. Research methods. The objects of study were barley grain (Hordeum vulgare L.), harvested from 2019 to 2022. The production of sprouted grain included separate technological stages: disinfection (short-term exposure to high temperatures), soaking (in water at 20 ± 2 °C for 20 hours) and germination (in a chamber with a temperature of 22 ± 2 °C and air humidity 95 ± 3 % , with a time range of 12–48 hours). Standard methods were used to evaluate: organoleptic indicators, humidity, nature, mass fraction of protein, ability and energy of germination, as well as microbiological indicators. To select the optimal duration of germination, the total content of flavonoids, polyphenols and antioxidant activity was controlled. Results. As a result of the studies, it was established that the use of short-term thermal exposure at a temperature of 190 °C and a duration of 10 s allows minimizing the risks of activating the development of the present microflora of barley grain. Using the proposed approaches, when carrying out the technological stage of germination, it was possible to identify the optimal duration of the process – 36 hours, which leads to an increase in total antioxidant activity by an average of 46 %, flavonoid content by 560 % and polyphenols by 145 %.
The use of genomic assessment in improving the productive qualities of Holstein cows
Authors: Cyganok Vlad Olegovich , Cyganok Egor Olegovich , Baharev Aleksey
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Purpose of the study is analysis of productive and reproductive qualities of the Holstein cattle of the Tyumen region in comparison with the leading American enterprises using genomic selection. Materials and methods. Zootechnical, statistical and economic methods were used. As part of the work, the tasks were solved to consider the growth and development of replacement young animals; the main indicators of reproduction of heifers and cows of the main herd were analyzed; the milk productivity of cows and first-calf heifers was estimated according to the primary accounting data; a zootechnical assessment of sires used in the economy was carried out; the results of the genomic assessment were compared with the actual milk production. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that genotyping was carried out in the conditions of a large industrial complex, because the use of genomic evaluation was not widely used in farms in the Russian Federation. Research results. The indicators of the intensity of growth of replacement young animals grown in the conditions of the Evika-Agro enterprise correspond to the world standards of the breed, and in some cases exceed them. The intensity of growing heifers allows for earlier insemination, which also contributes to early calving - 98% of animals calve up to 25 months of age. Estimates of milk production are largely consistent with those of advanced farms in the United States. “Evika-Agro” LLC uses outstanding sires from the world’s gene pool to improve economically useful traits, thereby accelerating the rate of selection. Analysis of the genomic assessment showed a significant discrepancy between the genetic basis of milk production and the actual level of milk production. This is most noticeable in the lifetime earnings index ($ 682) and the average increase in milk per lactation (916.2 kg) between the worst and best heifers in the sample.
Assessment of the technical and technological component of agriculture: methodological approaches of development
Authors: Isaeva Ol'ga
Published: February 2024

Abstract. The purpose of the research is to substantiate the need for an assessment of the technical and technological component of agriculture, as well as the development of methodological approaches to its implementation. Methods. To achieve the goal of the study, such methods of scientific cognition as monographic, abstract-logical, institutional, analysis and synthesis, generalization of data were used. The information and theoretical and methodological base was made up of normative legal acts and strategic programs for the development of the industry, the works of domestic and foreign scientists and economists. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of the research consists in substantiating the need to assess the technical and technological component of the agricultural sector of the country as a basis for the development of state projects and programs for the modernization of the industry in the transition to a new technological order. Methodological approaches are proposed for assessing the level of technical and technological development of the industry at three levels: federal, regional and the level of an economic entity. Results. The article substantiates the need to assess the technical and technological components of agriculture. The current state of the agricultural machinery industry, the main results of its work in recent years are analyzed. In order to identify problem areas and potential growth points of domestic agricultural machinery, its SWOT analysis has been compiled. It is noted that the modern Russian agricultural sector has a high dependence on imported machinery and equipment. To ensure the ability of the domestic agricultural machinery industry to replace imported supplies of machinery in the shortest possible time, it is necessary to expand and improve state support. In order to work out the most effective working directions and tools of state support in a particular region, a reliable assessment of the level of technical and technological development of the agricultural sector is necessary.
Comparison Methods of Machine Learning and Deep Learning to Forecast The GDP of Indonesia
Authors: Subian Alwan Rahmana , Mulkan Drajat Ali , Ahmady Haidar Hilmy , Kartiasih Fitri
Published: February 2024

The success of an economy can bring significant benefits to a country and its society. One way to measure economic growth is by looking at the value of gross domestic product (GDP). The value of a country's GDP is influenced by many factors, including inflation, exports, and imports. Therefore, predicting future economic growth requires forecasting the value of GDP. GDP forecasts are crucial as they provide information about the economic development of a country over a specific period of time. By forecasting GDP, governments and investors can make informed decisions to optimize profits or minimize risks when investing or doing business in a country. This research aims to forecast Indonesia's GDP for the second, third, and fourth quarters of 2023 using the best models from machine learning or deep learning methods. Forecasts are made for each method with and without additional variables. The results indicate that the SimpleRNN algorithm from deep learning without additional variables is the method with the smallest RMSE and MAPE for GDP forecasting. Therefore, the best method used to forecast GDP is the SimpleRNN algorithm, and the forecasted GDP values for Indonesia's second, third, and fourth quarters are 5.350.840,00, 5.483.895,00, and 5.610.077,50 billion rupiah.
Combination of ROC and MFEP Methods in Providing Credit to the Mislina Cooperative
Authors: Fauzya Firda , Maharani Dewi , Sumantri Sumantri
Published: February 2024

One of the activities of the cooperative is to offer loans to customers and make loans based on several requirements that must be met by applicants who wish to borrow. So far, in determining the provision of cooperative loans to mislina cooperatives, it is considered that they are not careful and selective in providing loans which has an impact on increasing the ratio of loans in arrears. The process of granting loans to mislina cooperatives is still done manually and without doing calculations with special calculation methods that can help do rankings. The research objective was to apply the ROC and MFEP combination methods in designing a decision support system for mislina cooperative loan assessments. The method used is a decision support system using a combination of ROC and MFEP methods. Based on the results of implementing a combination of ROC and MFEP, the results of the system being built can make it easier to determine the provision of pimjama loans to Mislina cooperatives so that they are more effective and efficient. The results of the ROC and MFEP combination tests resulted in a decision that the highest alternative was sayem with a final total value of 2.85.
Correlation Between the Severity of Dry Eye Disease and Fluorescein Break-Up Patterns (FBUP)
Authors: Purwanita Petty , Putri Dwi Kartini
Published: February 2024

Dry eye disease is a disorder of the eye surface characterized by instability of the tear film. The FBUP examination is one of the examinations used to determine the stability of the tear film. The various symptoms that occur in each type of dry eye indicate differences in break-up patterns (BUP). This study aims to determine the correlation between the severity of dry eye disease and the appearance of FBUP at RSUP dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang. A correlative analytical cross-sectional study was undertaken at the Eye Polyclinic, Infection- Immunology Subdivision, Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Palembang from January to June 2022. There were 32 patient samples with 60 dry eye samples that met the inclusion criteria. The correlation between the Schirmer Test, TBUT and the severity of dry eye disease with the appearance FBUP was analyzed using the Spearman Rho's test. All data were analyzed with SPPS version 23.0. In this study, the results showed that there was a moderate and significant positive correlation between the degree of the Schirmer test and the appearance FBUP (r = 0.482; p = 0.000) and a moderate and significant positive correlation between the TBUT degree and the appearance FBUP (r = 0.435; p = 0.001) . In addition, the results showed that there was a moderate and significant positive correlation between the severity of dry eye disease and the appearance of FBUP (r = 0.478; p = 0.000). Using the multivariate test, it was concluded that the degree of dry eye was statistically significantly related to age (p = 0.001) and gender (p = 0.001). There is a correlation between the severity of the disease and the appearance FBUP of patients with dry eye disease.
Avaliação do Conhecimento de Graduandos em Odontologia sobre Lesões Orais Malignas e Desordens Orais Potencialmente Malignas
Authors: Santana Ana Kamila de Souza , Almeida Igor Ferreira Borba de , Silva Ramilly Santos , Oliveira Márcio Campos
Published: February 2024

Introdução: As alterações orais potencialmente malignas e o câncer oral, quando diagnosticados precocemente, possuem um bom prognóstico. No entanto, a imprecisão nos atendimentos odontológicos dificulta a detecção precoce, fazendo com que o câncer bucal permaneça como um problema de saúde pública atualmente. Objetivo: Avaliar o conhecimento de graduandos em odontologia sobre lesões orais de câncer e alterações orais potencialmente malignas. Método: Os dados foram coletados por meio de um questionário virtual, enviado para graduandos de odontologia de algumas universidades/faculdades localizadas no Estado da Bahia, entre os meses de junho e outubro de 2022. Posteriormente, os dados foram analisados estatisticamente e quatro conceitos foram estabelecidos: A (ótimo nível de informação); B (bom nível de informação); C (nível insatisfatório de informação); e D (péssimo nível de informação). Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 161 estudantes, a maioria entre 20 e 29 anos e do sexo feminino (78,3%). Não houve uma diferença estatística significativa entre os estudantes com até um ano de aprovação em componentes curriculares de estomatologia, patologia ou correlatos, com discentes com mais de um ano de aprovação (p = 0,126). A leucoplasia foi a alteração mais relacionada ao câncer (77%) para os entrevistados, e apenas 23% dos graduandos obtiveram o conceito A; no entanto, 96,9% dos entrevistados possuem interesse em assistir ao curso de educação contínua sobre o assunto. Conclusão: A maioria dos acadêmicos avaliados apresentou um bom nível de informação, entretanto, observou-se que os fatores de risco e a localização das lesões malignas geraram grandes dúvidas nos participantes deste estudo. Palavras-chave: Neoplasias Bucais; Detecção Precoce de Câncer; Estudo de Avaliação; Ensino/ estatística & dados numéricos.
Evolução Clínica e Fatores Prognósticos de Pacientes Oncológicos com Covid-19 em Ventilação Mecânica
Authors: Santos Michelle Queres dos , Cavalcante Everton Araújo , Almeida Isabel Cid Taboada , Gutierrez Ana Cristina Machado Leão , Fireman Kelly , Quintão Monica Pena , Bergmann Anke , Barufaldi Laura Augusta
Published: February 2024

Introdução: Pacientes com câncer apresentaram risco de desenvolver quadros respiratórios graves quando acometidos por covid-19, com necessidade de suporte intensivo e de ventilação mecânica invasiva (VMI). Objetivo: Avaliar os fatores associados ao óbito em pacientes oncológicos que tiveram covid-19 e evoluíram com insuficiência respiratória e necessidade de VMI. Método: Estudo de coorte retrospectivo de pacientes com câncer em uma unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI) oncológica, com covid-19 e em VMI de abril de 2020 a dezembro de 2021. Foram incluídos de forma sequencial todos os pacientes com câncer admitidos na UTI em VMI ou que evoluíram com VMI por agravamento da covid-19, sendo excluídos aqueles em controle da doença oncológica há mais de cinco anos. Para a análise estatística, foram utilizadas medidas de tendência central e dispersão, assim como frequências absolutas e relativas. A regressão logística múltipla foi aplicada para a avaliação dos fatores associados à mortalidade, considerando estatisticamente significantes valores de p < 0,05. Resultados: Foram incluídos no estudo 85 pacientes. O óbito foi maior entre os pacientes com tumores sólidos (OR = 3,64; IC 95%: 1,06-12,52; p = 0,04), entre os que necessitaram de suporte renal durante a internação na UTI (OR = 6,88; IC 95%: 1,82-25,98; p = 0,004), os que não puderam ser extubados (OR = 8,00; IC 95%: 2,16-29,67; p = 0,002) e os que apresentaram o valor de pressão de distensão alveolar maior do que 15cmH2O por pelo menos um dia (OR = 5,9; IC 95%: 1,76-19,80; p = 0,004). Conclusão: Características clínicas e de VMI estavam associadas à morte de pacientes oncológicos com covid-19 e em VMI.
Persepsi Penyuluh Terhadap Strategi Komunikasi dalam Pemanfaatan Media Informasi di Era Digital di Kabupaten Kebumen
Authors: Saridewi Larasati Puspita , Wiguna Rila Bekti
Published: February 2024

Delivering information in agricultural extension requires a special strategy by considering various elements in agricultural extension. One of the communication strategies used by agricultural instructors in this digital era is by utilizing social media, where instructors convey their communication material through various media, both traditional and modern. The aim of this research is to describe the perceptions of instructors in the use of digital technology in delivering extension services. The research used a survey method with a sampling technique using simplified random sampling consisting of 60 extension workers. Data analysis to measure instructors' perceptions of instructors' communication strategies in using digital media was carried out by calculating scores. The results of the research show that the communication strategies used by extension workers in delivering education to farmers can be applied so that farmers can carry out internal communication activities using digital media more efficiently and effectively in conveying recommended recommendations in farming. Extension workers have a positive perception of communication strategies in the use of information which is demonstrated through communication techniques, communication channels, communication messages and use of the internet. The instructor's perception is in the medium criteria where the instructor is quite good in carrying out his communication activities.
Daya Saing Kopi Indonesia di Pasar Internasional dalam 3 Dekade Terakhir
Authors: Azizi Ernes Septina
Published: February 2024

Coffee is one of the most important commodities that have an important role in economic growth, especially in supporting the increase of non-oil exports in Indonesia and as a foreign exchange earner. The purpose of this article is to analyze competitiveness of Indonesian coffee in international market in the last 3 decades or during period 1989–2019. Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Export Product Dynamic (EPD), X-Model Potential Export Product and Diamond Porter’s  is used to analysis competitiveness. The results of the analysis of competitiveness using the RCA method show that not all HS codes for Indonesian coffee and competing countries have a comparative advantage, Indonesian coffee has strong competitiveness for HS code 090111 but has no strong competitive power for other HS codes. The results of the EPD method show that for all HS codes Indonesian coffee and competing countries have a rising star position or have positive appeal and increased market share. The results of the X-Model Potential Export Product method show that Indonesia and competing countries have optimistic coffee market developments for HS code 090111 and have potential market developments for HS codes 090112, 090121, 090122, and 090190. From the results of Porter Diamond's analysis, the results obtained that the State of Indonesia has advantages in terms of condition factors, namely natural resources and has weaknesses in science and technology, human resources and capital resources.
Analisis Kompetensi dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan melalui Motivasi sebagai Variabel Intervening pada PT. Astellas Pharma Indonesia
Authors: Maulana Muhammad Rafi , Sriyono Sriyono
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui dan menjawab permasalahan-permasalahan yang terjadi diperusahaan terkait dengan kompetensi, kepuasan kerja, moitvsasi dan kinerja karyawan pada perusahaan. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan mengambil sampel menggunakan tehnik Proposive sampling yang ditentukan yaitu pada karyawan bagian marketing di perusahaan dengan menggunakan sampel sebanyak 100 karyawan di perusahaan. Hasil Penelitian yang dihasilkan menunjukkan bahwa kompetensi yang dimiliki oleh karyawan dapat meningkatkan kinerja karyawan di perusahaan seperti ketrampilan yang dimiliki karyawan, pengetahuan yang mendalam terkait dengan produk dan kegiatan pemasaran yang dimiliki karyawan dan difasilitasi oleh perusahaan, kepuasan kerja yang diterima oleh karyawan juga berdampak positif terhadap kinerja karyawan sehingga dapat meningkatkan penjualan perusahaan, motivasi juga menjadi faktor pendukung yang dapat meningkatkan kinerja karyawan seperti kebutuhan yang diinginkan oleh karyawan yang berkaitan dengan perusahaan seperti penghargaan dan kebutuhan fisik sehingga kinerja karyawan dapat meningkatkan dan dapat mempengaruhi pekerjaan mereka.
The Influence of Literacy, Religious Knowledge and Attitudes on Public Interest in Rahn Products
Authors: Putri Putri , Junaidi Junaidi , Ramadhan Abid
Published: February 2024

This research aims to determine the factors influencing knowledge, literacy, religion, and attitudes toward public interest in Rahn products at Sharia pawnshops. 145 Pegadaian Syariah (Pawnshop) consumers were invited to this study through an online survey. SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) was used to examine research hypotheses. This study found that financial literacy, religiousness, and attitudes play important roles in influencing Pegadaian Syariah consumer preference. It means that consumers’ interest in Sharia pawnshops is because they influence individual understanding, knowledge, values, ​​and beliefs in Sharia-based financial products.
Identifikasi Penelitian Manajemen Rantai Pasokan: Analisis Bibliometrik Berbasis Data Scopus
Authors: Romandhon Romandhon , Pramuka Bambang Agus , Lestari Puji , Herwiyanti Eliada , Praptapa Agung
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi penelitian manajemen rantai pasokan pada database dimensions.ai. Identifikasi penelitian manajemen rantai pasokan dengan menggunakan pendekatan bibliometrik. Penelitian dicari  dengan menggunakan kata kunci 'manajemen rantai pasokan' dari tahun 1980 hingga 2023. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 773 artikel dalam jurnal internasional, rentang waktu 2012-2023, dan terpublikasi secara rutin. Mayoritas artikel terbit pada tahun 2022, yaitu sebanyak 105 artikel, Rata-rata sitasi terbanyak pada tahun 2013 sebanyak 4,79, jurnal paling relevan adalah Jurnal rantai pasok dan akuntansi biaya, jurnal yang berdampak paling besar adalah Journal of cleaner production and International journal of supply chain management, dan penulis paling relevan dan produktif adalah Chen B dan Liu Y. Topik terbaru dalam artikel manajemen rantai pasokan adalah rantai pasok, akuntansi biaya, dan biaya. Melalui pendekatan bibliometrik ini, permasalahan mengenai manajemen rantai pasokan menjadi lebih cepat untuk ditemukan dan penelitian kedepan bisa lebih mudah untuk menentukan topik yang relevan.
The Correlation of Asthma Patients' Knowledge Level With Asthma Symptoms Control Level
Authors: Mardhiah
Published: February 2024

Asthma is a disease caused by disorders in the respiratory tract due to allergies or genetics. It cannot be cured, but it can be controlled. With medical treatment and proper self-management, asthma patients can achieve a good asthma symptoms control level. One of the factors affecting asthma control is knowledge about asthma. This study aims to determine the correlation between knowledge of asthma and asthma symptoms control level at Medan Pulmonology Hospital. This research uses a descriptive correlation research design. Seventy-three respondents were selected using a simple random sampling technique. They are the asthma patients in the Technical Implementation Unit (UPT) of Medan Pulmonology Hospital. This research also used questionnaires of knowledge and asthma symptoms control; then, the results were analyzed. The study results indicated that most asthmatic patients were categorized as having less level knowledge of asthma with 38 respondents (52.1%). In addition, most asthma patients have uncontrolled asthma type with 37 respondents (50.7%). This shows that there is a correlation between level knowledge of asthma and asthma symptoms control level with p = 0.034. Furthermore, Nurses can use this study to provide nursing care and control asthma symptoms to asthmatic patients.
The Effect of Shallot Compresses on Decreasing Body Temperature in Children With Fever
Authors: Mardhiah
Published: February 2024

One of the non-pharmacological treatment of fever in children is shallot compresses. This study aims to determine the effect of shallot compresses on decreasing body temperature in children with fever. This research used a quasi-experimental one group pre-posttest design and used simple random sampling as the sampling technique. A digital thermometer and observation sheet were used as the research instruments. The research took the data of children's temperature 2 times (pretest, posttest 15 minutes). The sample of this study was 20 children aged 3-6 years old. This study uses the normality test with Shapiro-Wilk and parametric statistical analysis of the Paired Test. The results showed that most child's temperature before being treated with shallot compress was 37.8ºC (25%) and most of the child's temperature after being treated with shallot compress was 37.0ºC (30%). A significant value of 0.000 (˂0.05) means that there is a difference in body temperature before and after the shallot compress. Based on the results, shallot compresses can reduce children's body temperature when they have a fever. It can be used as early treatment for children with fever.
Knowledge and Awareness Regarding Osteoporosis Among A Selected Community of Miri, Sarawak
Authors: Bit-LianYEE  , Agatha Christeeble Anak PADANG  , Lay-Khim GOH  , Saedah MUDA
Published: February 2024

Osteoporosis is one of the diseases concerned and has been identified as having a significant increase in the progression of aging in the world. The incidence of total hip fracture cases associated with osteoporosis is expected to increase because of the rise in the prevalence of the elderly as an effect on high life expectancy and good health services quality. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to investigate level of knowledge and awareness of osteoporosis among public in Sarawak, Malaysia. This cross-sectional study was conducted to 224 public respondents. We used questionnaire on knowledge, attitude and practices by Tripathi and colleagues. Result of this study indicated that demographic variables gender and educational level had significant association with level of knowledge among public but not for the age, races, marital status, occupational and household income variables. In conclusion, this study revealed that most respondents presented with high knowledge with high level of awareness regarding osteoporosis disease. It is recommended that to be continued the effort by local authority regarding health promotion on issues surrounding osteoporosis.