bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Avaliação da conformidade de rótulos de produtos declarados como “isento de lactose”
Authors: Salotti de Souza Bruna , Braz de Oliveira Manhães Jéssica , Verônica Silva Pulici Nathália , Fernandes Lúcio André , Tosta Raimundo Isabela , Sartori Diego , Erick Galindo Gomes José , Maria Salotti de Souza Bruna
Published: September 2021

The objective of this study was to evaluate labels of dairy products for lactose restriction diets, of different commercial brands, in face of the Brazilian legislation in force, analyzing quantitative and qualitative data of the conformity and non-conformity of the labels. Samples were collected from hypermarkets in the municipalities of São José do Rio Preto / SP, São José dos Campos / SP and Salvador / BA, totaling 120 evaluated labels, of dairy products for diets with lactose restriction. Of the samples analyzed, 23.33% showed some type of non-compliance. The statistical analysis revealed that the products cheese, milk drink and yogurt, showed significant differences (p
Primeiro registro de felinos domésticos acometidos por esporotricose na região de Aimorés, Minas Gerais: Relato de caso
Authors: Miranda Cota Jéssica , Marcolongo-Pereira Clairton , Moscon Luiz
Published: September 2021

Sporotrichosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the fungus Sporothrix schenckii, its infection occurs through the process of direct inoculation in the skin. The objective was to report the first three cases of sporotrichosis affecting domestic cats, in the city of Aimorés in Minas Gerais. The three cats were male, Pelo Curto Brasileiro (PCB), aged five and eight years old, living in a semi-domiciled manner, reporting a history of similar dermatological lesions with the evolution of two to four weeks. Exulcerated lesions were observed and distributed in several regions of the body. Cytopathological examination was performed using the technique of imprinting the lesions. The found structures were compatible with Sporothrix Scheckii. Itraconazole at a dose of 5 mg / kg orally, every 12 hours and for eight weeks was the drug chosen for the treatment. Therefore, it is worth mentioning that sporotrichosis is a pathology that affects cats, especially those with access to the street, and should be considered as a differential diagnosis of nodular or ulcerated lesions in cats.
Carcinoma cribriforme mamário em paciente felina: Relato de caso
Authors: De Menine Niciergi , Almeida da Silva Araújo Géssica Giselle , De Lima Wulff Marcelo
Published: September 2021

The incidence of malignant mammary tumors in the feline species is high, with carcinomas being the most frequent. Cribriform mammary carcinoma is a malignant neoplasm, characterized by aggressiveness in the species, despite this, there is a shortage on the subject and discrepant information on some topics. Revealing the importance of publications on the subject for improving the quality of care and treatment instituted by the veterinary oncologist. The present study aimed to report the case of a feline patient, castrated late, diagnosed with cribriform breast carcinoma. During the course of her treatment, despite having undergone a bilateral radical mastectomy surgical procedure and the institution of an adjuvant chemotherapy protocol together with a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, as indicated in the consulted literature, the patient presented local tumor recurrence, being assessed as inoperable. It is concluded that the prognosis is poor, regardless of the treatment protocol established, as local recurrences and distant metastases occur almost invariably.
Thermal tumor ablation therapy:Implications in Radio and Chemo-sensitization
Authors: kumar Deepak
Published: September 2021

It is well established that tumors are unable to grow beyond a certain size (1-2 mm) unless they acquire their own blood supply via angiogenesis. Also, angiogenesis helps tumors to invade adjacent tissues and metastasize to distant sites [1]. Therefore, it has been postulated that interfering with the blood supply using anti-angiogenic therapies will destroy the tumor [2]. However, there is an emerging alternative concept that depriving the tumor of its blood supply interferes with the delivery of chemotherapeutic agents to the tumor and creates an unfavorable hypoxic environment that compromises the action of radiotherapy [3]. This concept was supported by the modest responses to anti-angiogenic therapies in clinical trials and the lack of any impact on patient’s survival when antiangiogenic drugs are administered as single agents [4]. Although, Hurwitz et al. [5] have shown that combining the antiangiogenic drug, bevacizumab with chemotherapy significantly improved survival among metastatic colorectal cancer patients. Still, other studies demonstrated reductions in tumor concentrations of chemotherapy or effectiveness of radiotherapy when antiangiogenic drugs were co-administered [6-8]. Even when antiangiogenic drugs yielded significant effects on the growth of some tumors such as renal cell carcinoma, cervical cancer, and ovarian cancer, they failed to demonstrate significant improvements in patients’ survival [9,10]. Furthermore, complete resistance to antiangiogenic therapies has been reported for prostate and pancreatic adenocarcinoma and melanoma that might be attributed to the redundant involvement of several angiogenic factors that are difficult to be targeted by a single anti-angiogenic agent in some tumors [11-13]. To explain this inconsistency, further research is needed for better understanding of the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of tumor vascularization and its interaction with cancer therapies in different tumor beds.
Occurrence of Pancreatic Cancer Associated Insulin Dependent Diabetes
Authors: NK Sunčana
Published: September 2021

Patients with pancreatic cancer often present with non-specific symptoms and are often diagnosed at an advanced stage. The relationship between diabetes and the development of pancreatic cancer has been an area of intense research. In the present study we specifically aim to look at the hypothesis that the incidence of insulin dependent diabetes increases after the onset of pancreatic cancer. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the chart of all pancreatic cancer patients in tumor registry admitted to University of Florida Tumor Registry in Jacksonville, Florida. Data was collective from January 2000 and December 2006. Each patient’s record was reviewed for histologic biopsy, demographic information, presence of risk factors, co-morbidities, presence and duration of diabetes. Assessment of diabetes was based on the guidelines provided by American Diabetes Association. Results: 82 patients were identified from the University of Florida Cancer Registry from the year 2000-2006. Complete data was available on 76 patients. Mean age at diagnosis was 66.4 years. 53 (69.7%) were African American, 23 (30.26%) were white. There was an equal male/female distribution of 1:1.07 (43 males; 40 females). 35 (46.0%) patients were smokers. Most common presentation was with obstructive jaundice (33/76 or 43.4%) followed by typical symptoms of weight loss, fatigue, abdominal and back pain (31/76 or 40.78%). In 11 (14.47%) patients, pancreatic cancer was noted as an incidental finding. Staging at the time of diagnosis was available in 76 patients. 48 (63.1%) patients were in Stage 4, 13 (17.1%) patients were in Stage 3, 10 (13.15%) patients were at stage 2 and 5 (6.5%) patients were in Stage 1. 15(19.7%) patients had diabetes at the time of diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. 5 (6.5%) developed one or more deep vein thrombosis (DVTs) after the diagnosis of PC. Diabetes was present in 15 (19.7%) for an average duration of 19 months. Only 4(26.6%) out of 15 patients were on insulin therapy before the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Six additional patients (an increase of 7.93%) developed diabetes after the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. 13 (61.9%) of the 21 patients required insulin therapy after the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. As many as 27 (35%) patients opted for hospice care after the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Whipple’s procedure or exploratory debulking surgery of the tumor was performed in 33 (43%) patients. 29 (38.1%) patients received Gemcitabine/carboplatin/5 FU based chemotherapy. Conclusion: We found that the Incidence of Insulin-dependent diabetes increased in patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer.
Gestaltung des kollektiven Gedächtnisses im deutschen Mediendiskurs
Authors: Jakosz Mariusz
Published: September 2021

Pamięć zbiorowa jako zespół wyobrażeń członków wspólnoty o wybranych wydarzeniachz przeszłości stanowi cenne źródło wiedzy o kulturowej oraz komunikacyjnej kondycjijednostki i społeczeństw. Na wstępie przedstawione zostaną różne próby zdefiniowania,czym jest pamięć zbiorowa, aby wskazać na jej charakterystyczne cechy konstytutywne.W dalszej części rozważań zostaną opisane zmiany, jakie zaszły w pamięci zbiorowejPolaków od momentu zakończenia II wojny światowej aż do współczesności. Ponadtouwaga badawcza skoncentruje się na związku pamięci zbiorowej z mediami, które nadająwydarzeniom z przeszłości społecznie podzielane znaczenie i wymiar kulturowy. Celemanalizy będzie odpowiedź na pytanie, w jaki sposób współczesny niemiecki dyskurs medialnykształtuje niemiecką kulturę pamięci i wpływa na stosunki polsko-niemieckie.Przedmiot analizy stanowią wybrane niemieckie filmy telewizyjne, które potwierdzająpanujące w Polsce od kilku lat przekonanie, że Niemcy dystansują się od odpowiedzialnościza zbrodnie popełnione podczas II wojny światowej.
Madka i madkizm. O stereotypizacji w „antymadkowych” społecznościach internetowych
Authors: Wileczek Anna , Raczyński Piotr
Published: September 2021

Niniejszy artykuł służy przybliżeniu mechanizmów procesu współczesnej stereotypizacjina przykładzie stereotypu madki i szerzej traktowanego – madkizmu, których geneza macharakter internetowy. Ich źródłem są internetowe grupy/ społeczności określane jako„antymadkowe”, które reprodukują treści (komunikaty) nawiązujące do uproszczonychi jednostronnych umysłowych reprezentacji dotyczących tej kategorii społecznej. Materiałbadawczy pochodzi z empirycznego rekonesansu przeprowadzonego wśród członkówgrup zamkniętych oraz na publicznych stronach facebookowych wskazanych zagadnień.W celach analitycznych złożono podkorpus z 500 screenshotami, wskazano kluczoweobszary leksykalno-semantyczne, stworzono w ich obrębie listy frekwencyjne oraz dokonanointerpretacji znaczeń w ramach głównych profili (biologicznego, społecznego,psycho-emocjonalnego, bytowego, religijnego). Rekonesans badawczy ujawnił powtarzalnośći schematyzację treści określanych jako madkowe, których upowszechnieniu przezspołeczności antymadkowe towarzyszyły motywacje ludyczne. Niniejszy artykuł omawiawskazane zjawisko w aspekcie językowym i społeczno-kulturowym.
Imiona słowiańskie we współczesnym polskim antroponomastykonie (w kontekście fenomenologicznej koncepcji Bernharda Waldenfelsa)
Authors: Graf Magdalena
Published: September 2021

Przedmiotem artykułu jest współczesna moda imiennicza obserwowana z perspektywytzw. tożsamości środkowoeuropejskiej. Autorka pokrótce omawia najpopularniejszei najrzadziej nadawane w Polsce imiona oraz zwraca uwagę na obecność imion, któremożna uznać za sygnał przynależności do kultury słowiańskiej (przede wszystkim imionstaropolskich, np. Stanisław, Wojciech, Kazimierz itp.). Kontekstem interpretacyjnym sąustalenia B. Waldenfelsa dotyczące fenomenologii obcego – w tym ujęciu określone imionastają się sygnałem europejskiej lub słowiańskiej tożsamości.
Fenomen romantycznego cyklu lirycznego. O wyznacznikach cykliczności na przykładzie Sonetów krymskich, Vade-mecum i Kwiatów zła
Authors: Igliński Grzegorz
Published: September 2021

Przedmiotem niniejszej wypowiedzi są wyznaczniki cykliczności, które znamionują cyklliryczny w ogóle i zarazem charakteryzują cykle romantyczne, które poza stygmatem drogiłączy także „sugestia autobiografizmu”. Za przykład posłużyły dzieła Adama Mickiewicza(Sonety krymskie), Cypriana Norwida (Vade-mecum) i Charles’a Baudelaire’a (Les Fleursdu mal, pol. Kwiaty zła). Wszystkie je, tak różne w sferze myślowej i obrazowej, wiążetopos wędrówki zawierający interpretację losu ludzkiego. Zwrócono uwagę na następująceelementy mogące sygnalizować cykliczność i mieć wpływ na spójność całości cyklu:dedykacja, motto, numeracja wierszy (czasem pomijająca pierwszy utwór, traktowany jakoprolog), tytuł dzieła oraz tytuł jakiejś serii tekstów w tym dziele (mających lub niemającychwłasnych osobnych tytułów), gatunek (np. sonet), rama kompozycyjna, minicykle(podcykle), „wiązki cykliczne” (np. wiersze-filary rozdzielające minicykle), grupa centralna,nadrzędny podmiot i nadrzędny odbiorca cyklu (nierównoznaczni z podmiotem i odbiorcąwłaściwym dla pojedynczego wiersza). Podjęto ponadto próbę określenia rodzaju układucyklicznego, jaki dzieła Mickiewicza, Norwida i Baudelaire’a prezentują – w zależności odstopnia zamknięcia (spójności) struktury cyklu i autonomiczności ogniw go tworzących.
Ile jest Częstochowy w Częstochowie? Nazewnicza tożsamość miasta
Authors: Jaros Violetta
Published: September 2021

Przedmiotem oglądu uczyniono nazwy własne funkcjonujące w przestrzeni społecznejCzęstochowy, wywołujące skojarzenia z jej historią i topografią. Celem opisu jest charakterystykajęzykowa częstochowskich urbanonimów z ich konkretnymi odniesieniami kulturowymi,które kreują przestrzeń lokalną, zapobiegając wszechogarniającemu wpływowiglobalizacji. Scharakteryzowane urbanonimy łączą dwa konteksty – przestrzeń fizycznąi społeczną – i pełnią różne funkcje: służą orientacji w topografii miasta i regionu, oddająwspółczesną i przechowują pamięć dawnej struktury architektonicznej i właściwości terenu,upamiętniają sylwetki zasłużonych częstochowian, a przede wszystkim zapewniająidentyfikację z miastem i umacnianie odrębności przestrzeni lokalnej oraz kształtujątożsamość zbiorową jego mieszkańców.
Fleksja nominalna współczesnej polszczyzny – upraszczanie się czy początki rozpadu systemu przypadkowego
Authors: Kurek Halina
Published: September 2021

Przełom wieków XX i XXI przyniósł ogromne, nienotowane dotąd przeobrażenia polskiejfleksji nominalnej, zwłaszcza w kategorii rzeczowników i liczebników. Celem artykułu jestwięc odpowiedź na pytanie, czy jest to tylko upraszczanie się systemu przypadkowego języka,czy już początki jego rozpadu? Zanalizowany obszerny materiał badawczy obejmującyzarówno wyrazy pospolite, jak i nazwy własne zapisanej i mówionej odmiany polszczyznyoraz masowość zjawiska pozwalają postawić tezę, że jesteśmy świadkami kształtowaniasię nowego wzorca polskiej fleksji nominalnej, a trwające obecnie upraszczanie systemuprzypadkowego języka jest początkiem szerszego procesu oraz gruntownych zmianw systemie fleksyjnym polszczyzny i w przyszłości skutkować będzie odejściem od deklinacji.
Wartości materialne a kreacje antroponimiczne
Authors: Matusiak-Kempa Iza
Published: September 2021

W artykule omawia się antroponimy utworzone od apelatywów z zakresu pola pojęciowegowartości materialnych. Tekst składa się z dwóch części. Pierwsza ma charakterteoretyczny: przybliża poznawczą i ontologiczną funkcję nazw osobowych o charakterzeprzezwiskowym, a także status wartości materialnych w potocznym systemie pojęciowym.W tej partii tekstu przywołuje się również konteksty historyczne i biologiczne,uzasadniające konotacje wartościujące leksyki z pól pojęciowych BOGACTWO i BIEDA.W drugiej części artykułu omawia się antroponimy utworzone od wyrazów pospolitych,wybrane z trzech słowników nazw osobowych. Prezentację materiału onimicznego poprzedzaomówienie semantyki leksemów wyznaczających centra pojęciowe wartościi antywartości materialnych. Wnioski z analizy leksyki pozwalają korelować określeniaz zakresu wartości materialnych z określeniami z zakresu pola pojęciowego wartościwitalnych i odczuciowych.
Kulturowe aspekty nazw własnych
Authors: Szulowska Wanda
Published: September 2021

W przyczynku omawiane są niektóre aspekty kulturowe i wydarzenia polityczne, jakieniewątpliwie mają wpływ na formę nazw własnych różnych kategorii. W przypadku imionzwraca się uwagę na różne motywacje, jakimi kierowano się przy ich wyborze w okresieprzed i po przyjęciu chrześcijaństwa. W kategorii nazwisk wskazano na dominującąw Polsce pozycję nazwisk z suf. -ski, na co niewątpliwie wpływ miała uważana za wyższąkultura szlachecka. Natomiast status osobowych nazw własnych kobiet powiązano z ichsytuacją prawną w ówczesnej rzeczywistości. Omówiono też późniejszy wpływ wydarzeńpolitycznych na wszystkie kategorie nazw własnych.
Les racines oubliées de la logistique
Authors: Rouquet Aurélien
Published: September 2021

Cet article revient à l’origine de la logistique. Pour cela, il étudie la fonction de « Maréchal général des logis », à partir de laquelle Jomini forge le terme de « logistique ». En analysant 18 traités militaires parus entre le 16e et le 18e siècle, l’article montre que ce qui pousse à la création de la fonction, c’est la difficulté à l’époque d’organiser les logements et les déplacements d’une armée de plus en plus grande. Le maréchal général des logis est celui qui coordonne les phases d’arrêt et de marche d’une armée en campagne, en mobilisant des compétences géographiques, mathématiques et informationnelles et en s’appuyant sur une structure opérationnelle faite de fourriers, de guides et de vaguemestres.
Decision tree application for model built-up land fragmentation in urban areas
Authors:   University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka, Ranaweera Nesha , Jayasinghe Amila ,   University of Moratuwa,  Sri Lanka, Abenayake Chethika ,   University of Moratuwa,  Sri Lanka
Published: September 2021

Land fragmentation can define as the “situation where one area/unit is composed of a large number of parcels that are too small for their rational utilization” [5]. Land fragmentation affects sustainable development through its multiple impacts on environmental, economic, and social costs [13]. Effective land use management and policy decisions are always based on understanding, modeling, and predicting land-use changes in cities [9]. Therefore, the land fragmentation process should systematically investigate to provide a wide-ranging set of land use indicators to support sustainable development [12]. Built-up land fragmentation is the fragmentation or division of the built-up plots or units within the built-up land-use area horizontally. The objective of this study is to frame a Decision Tree (DT) model to identify the non-linear relationships between the Level of Built-up Land Fragmentation (LBLF) and its influencing factors in urban areas. The sub-objective is to quantify the LBLF in the Western Province, Sri Lanka. The study scope limits to LBLF and Decision Tree (DT) non-linear classifier. The study further quantifies the LBLF from 2000 to 2010 in Western Province, Sri Lanka as an initiation to frame the DT model.
Failed endovascular therapy for acute internal carotid artery occlusion from pituitary apoplexy: illustrative case
Authors: Elsehety Marwah A. , Zeineddine Hussein A. , Barreto Andrew D. , Blackburn Spiros L.
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Large pituitary adenomas can rarely cause compression of the cavernous internal carotid artery (ICA) due to chronic tumor compression or invasion. Here, the authors present a case of pituitary apoplexy causing acute bilateral ICA occlusion with resultant stroke. Our middle-aged patient presented with sudden vision loss and experienced rapid deterioration requiring intubation. Computed tomography (CT) angiography revealed a large pituitary mass causing severe stenosis of the bilateral ICAs. CT perfusion revealed a significant perfusion delay in the anterior circulation. The patient was taken for cerebral angiography, and balloon angioplasty was attempted with no improvement in arterial flow. Resection of the tumor was then performed, with successful restoration of blood flow. Despite restoration of luminal patency, the patient experienced bilateral ICA infarcts.

OBSERVATIONS

Pituitary apoplexy can present as an acute stroke due to flow-limiting carotid compression. Balloon angioplasty is ineffective for the treatment of this type of compression. Surgical removal of the tumor restores the flow and luminal caliber of the ICA.

LESSONS

Pituitary apoplexy can be a rare presentation of acute stroke and should be managed with immediate surgical decompression rather than attempted angioplasty in order to restore blood flow and prevent the development of cerebral ischemia.
Surgical repair of a large intrathoracic meningocele associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 after failed cystoperitoneal shunts: illustrative case
Authors: Sum Christopher H. F. , Li Lai-Fung , Taw Benedict B. T. , Lui Wai-Man , Sit Ko-Yung , Chow Velda L. Y. , Wong Yat-Wa
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Surgical treatment of intrathoracic meningoceles, commonly associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), aims to reduce sac size for symptomatic relief. The procedures can be divided into cerebrospinal fluid diversion and definitive repair. The authors describe the management of an intrathoracic meningocele in a 56-year-old female with preexisting NF1.

OBSERVATIONS

The patient presented with progressive dyspnea. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a left hemithoracic meningocele arising from the thecal sac at C7–T2. Two attempts at diversion by cystoperitoneal shunts resulted in recurrence. For definitive repair, T2–3 costotransversectomy was performed, and intradural closure of the meningocele opening was performed utilizing spinal dura and autologous fascia lata graft. Trapezius muscle regional flap was turned for reinforcement. Persistent leak warranted reoperation 7 days later. A transthoracic approach was undertaken using video-assisted thoracoscopic resection of the sac at aortic arch level, with reinforcement by latissimus dorsi flap and synthetic materials. Mechanical pleurodesis was performed. Intradural repair of the meningocele opening was revised.

LESSONS

Inherent dural abnormality makes repair difficult for meningoceles associated with NF1. A combined intradural and thoracoscopic approach with regional muscle flap and synthetic material reinforcement is a unique method for definitive treatment. Some essential points of perioperative management are highlighted.
Kombinasi Abu Dasar Batu Bara dan Abu Vulkanik sebagai Material Beton
Authors: Purba Virgo Erlando , Sianturi Novdin Manoktong , Saragih Deardo Samuel , Damanik Dermina Roni Santika
Published: September 2021

Beton membutuhkan campuran dari bahan yang optimal ditinjau dari penggunaan bahan yang minimum dengan kekuatan standar dan ekonomis dalam hal biaya total struktur beton. Material alternatif perlu dipertimbangkan, selain untuk mengurangi dampak negatif pada masyarakat juga dapat berdampak dalam hal peningkatan ekonomi masyarakat sekitar. Abu vulkanik berpotensi mengganti sebagian semen dan limbah bottom ash sebagai pengganti agregat halus, untuk itu perlu penelitian seberapa besar jumlahnya dan seberapa lama waktu yang diperlukan dalam menghasilkan kekuatan tekan yang mendekati beton normal tanpa bahan tambahan. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan eksperimen di laboratorium menggunakan benda uji beton dengan campuran 5–12,5% kombinasi abu vulkanik dan bottom ash. Campuran ini dicetak membentuk kubus 15 x 15 x 15 cm dan diuji menggunakan alat kekuatan tekan berdasarkan acuan SNI 03-2847-2002. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi campuran AV-BA maksimum 10% dapat meningkatkan kekuatan tekan beton pada umur 28 hari, namun kekuatan tekan beton dengan campuran AV-BA di atas 10% lebih kecil daripada kekuatan tekan beton tanpa AV-BA. Abu vulkanik dan bottom ash dapat digunakan sebagai campuran beton dengan batas penggunaan maksimum sebesar 10% AV-BA untuk mendapatkan mutu beton sedang.
Kerentanan Ekonomi di Area Permukiman Terdampak Bencana Lumpur Lapindo, Sidoarjo
Authors: Ekawati June - , Sulistyowati Eny
Published: September 2021

Pasca bencana semburan lumpur Lapindo 14 tahun lalu, hingga kini kondisi lingkungan permukiman maupun ekonomi masyarakat di area terdampak bencana masih rentan. Ekonomi menjadi salah satu faktor terpenting penyebab timbulnya kerentanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kerentanan ekonomi di area permukiman terdampak bencana lumpur Lapindo, Sidoarjo, yang menggunakan metoda analisis kuantitatif berbasis data kuesioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketiga desa yang menjadi lokasi studi (Glagaharum, Gedang dan Kalitengah) memiliki tingkat kerentanan ekonomi sedang dengan skor masing-masing 2.45, 2.27 dan 2.97. Rekomendasi berdasarkan hasil penelitian diantaranya: pemerintah pusat tidak hanya berfokus pada program mitigasi bidang fisik-infrastruktur tapi juga dampak ekonomi bencana pada masyarakat, pemerintah daerah perlu memperkuat kelembagaan penanganan bencana di daerah sehingga mampu mendukung upaya pengurangan risiko bencana di bidang ekonomi dan penguatan kebertahanan masyarakat terhadap bencana yang mungkin timbul di kemudian hari.
Unmanned Transportation Applications at First Level Air Infrastructure (FLAI)
Authors: Kaurila Veikko Tapio
Published: September 2021

Increasing complexity of infrastructure has growing need for maintenance that is accumulating cost in the long run. This report compares the simulation of traditional transportation to an aviation alternative. The focus is on the cost effectiveness and power efficiency of Vertical/Short Take-Off and Landing (V/STOL) vehicles. Author’s motivation in this topic is from the project of designing a VTOL vehicle for multimodal transportation. The simulation of 100.000 people demonstrates efficiency of aviation infrastructure. Counting 11 billion for traditional infrastructure and 4 billion for equivalent VTOL vehicle carrying capacity. Affecting factors are energy, transportation modes, infrastructure and operation average the results. The simulation is simplistic model of infrastructure with normally distributed traffic, neglecting the effect of transition between vehicles, and the effect of wind magnitude and direction. The aviation method reduced distance up to 82% made travel time 92%, consumed 88% of the energy, when emissions show relatively equivalent quantity on both applications. The results of FLAI imply economic advantages over traditional infrastructure and suggest further research into the safe adoption of aviation infrastructure.
Oxide Ceramic Matrix Composite Materials for Aero-Engine Applications: A Literature Review
Authors: Karadimas George , Salonitis Konstantinos , Georgarakis Konstantinos
Published: September 2021

The development of aircraft gas turbine engines has extensively been required for the development of advanced materials. This complex development process is however justified by the system-level benefits in terms of reduced weight, higher temperature capability, and/or reduced cooling, each of which increases efficiency. This is where high-temperature ceramics have made considerable progress and ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) are in the foreground. CMCs are classified into non-oxide and oxide-based ones. Both families have material types that have a high potential for use in high-temperature propulsion applications. Typical oxide-based ones are based on an oxide fiber and oxide matrix (Ox-Ox). Some of the most common oxide subcategories, are alumina, beryllia, ceria, and zirconia ceramics. Such matrix composites are used for example in combustion liners of gas turbine engines and exhaust nozzles. However, until now a thorough study on the available oxide-based CMCs for such applications has not been presented. This paper focus on assessing a literature survey of the available oxide ceramic matrix composite materials in terms of mechanical and thermal properties.
A Smart Factory Approach to Mass Producing Customised Healthcare Devices for Patients
Authors: Gunputh Urvashi , Leighton Adam , Williams Gavin , Wood Paul , Atfield Steven
Published: September 2021

Orthoses are devices worn by patients to support their body and are a non-surgical method for correcting foot and ankle problems. In a national survey, Nester et al, reported in 2017, there are approximately 9 million orthosis users in the UK, and of these 78,000 patients each year need a customised orthosis [1]. The same survey identifies the number of orthoses users in the UK had grown from 1.2 million in 2007, which is nearly an eightfold increase over one decade. The traditional method of fabricating orthoses is extensively craft orientated. The assessment, fabrication, and fitting of an orthosis to a patient is a lengthy process at up to twelve weeks duration and can involve significant engagement with the patient. 3D Printing combined with digital design, laser scanning and gait analysis technologies could dramatically reduce the time of the orthosis fabrication process, accelerate patient healing and reduce cost.
Virtual Reality Based Digital Twin System for Remote Laboratories and Online Practical Learning
Authors: Palmer Claire , Roullier Ben , Aamir Muhammad , Stella Leonardo , Diala Uchenna , Anjum Ashiq , Mcquade Frank , Cox Keith , Calvert Alex
Published: September 2021

There is a need for remote learning and virtual learning applications such as virtual reality (VR) and tablet-based solutions which the current pandemic has demonstrated. Creating complex learning scenarios by developers is highly time-consuming and can take over a year. There is a need to provide a simple method to enable lecturers to create their own content for their laboratory tutorials. Research is currently being undertaken into developing generic models to enable the semi-automatic creation of a virtual learning application. A case study describing the creation of a virtual learning application for an electrical laboratory tutorial is presented.
Supersonic Laser Deposition of Self-Lubricating Coatings
Authors: Cockburn Andrew , Soane Nicholas , Sparkes Martin , O’Neill William
Published: September 2021

Supersonic Laser Deposition (SLD) is a coating and fabrication process combining cold spray (CS) with laser heating of the deposition zone. Laser heating increases deformation on impact, improving bonding for a given particle velocity, eliminating the need to use helium while retaining the advantages of CS; solid-state deposition, low oxidation and high build rate (≤ 10 kg/hr). Although solid lubricants offer advantages over liquid lubrication, remaining effective over a wide range of operating temperatures and loads, while simplifying sealing, their use is limited by current application methods. SLD enables the deposition of metallic coatings which incorporate solid lubricants into metallic coatings, onto a range of substrates. This paper details the powders and conditions used to deposit nickel/graphite using SLD, and the structure and tribological properties of the coatings produced. Co-efficients of friction below 0.14 were demonstrated for nickel/graphite coatings on aluminium substrates.
A Generic Cost Estimating Approach for a Composite Manufacturing Process Assessment
Authors: Rybicka Justyna , Purse Teresa , Parlour Brett
Published: September 2021

Cost estimation helps build confidence in the feasibility of the development of novel manufacturing processes. This paper focuses on the exploration of the cost estimation for novel manufacturing processes for decision support. One of the aspects of estimation is building credibility around the analysis, especially, in the early stages of planning. Cost estimating guidelines provide a good overview of the cost estimation steps but there is a requirement for guidelines for cost estimation model development. Through building on an understanding of the cost estimation principles, as well as cost estimation modelling, a high-level generic approach for process cost estimation is proposed. Further, a demonstration of a cost estimation modelling approach used for composites manufacturing in the automotive sector is provided, outlining the steps in cost estimation model development.
NEST: Neural Soft Type Constraints to Improve Entity Linking in Tables
Authors: Cutrona Vincenzo , Puleri Gianluca , Bianchi Federico , Palmonari Matteo
Published: September 2021

Matching tables against Knowledge Graphs is a crucial task in many applications. A widely adopted solution to improve the precision of matching algorithms is to refine the set of candidate entities by their type in the Knowledge Graph. However, it is not rare that a type is missing for a given entity. In this paper, we propose a methodology to improve the refinement phase of matching algorithms based on type prediction and soft constraints. We apply our methodology to state-of-the-art algorithms, showing a performance boost on different datasets.
Personalizing Type-Based Facet Ranking Using BERT Embeddings
Authors: Ali Esraa , Caputo Annalina , Lawless Séamus , Conlan Owen
Published: September 2021

In Faceted Search Systems (FSS), users navigate the information space through facets, which are attributes or meta-data that describe the underlying content of the collection. Type-based facets (aka t-facets) help explore the categories associated with the searched objects in structured information space. This work investigates how personalizing t-facet ranking can minimize user effort to reach the intended search target. We propose a lightweight personalisation method based on Vector Space Model (VSM) for ranking the t-facet hierarchy in two steps. The first step scores each individual leaf-node t-facet by computing the similarity between the t-facet BERT embedding and the user profile vector. In this model, the user’s profile is expressed in a category space through vectors that capture the users’ past preferences. In the second step, this score is used to re-order and select the sub-tree to present to the user. The final ranked tree reflects the t-facet relevance both to the query and the user profile. Through the use of embeddings, the proposed method effectively handles unseen facets without adding extra processing to the FSS. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is measured by the user effort required to retrieve the sought item when using the ranked facets. The approach outperformed existing personalization baselines.
Annotating Entities with Fine-Grained Types in Austrian Court Decisions
Authors: Revenko Artem , Breit Anna , Mireles Victor , Moreno-Schneider Julian , Sageder Christian , Karampatakis Sotirios
Published: September 2021

The usage of Named Entity Recognition tools on domain-specific corpora is often hampered by insufficient training data. We investigate an approach to produce fine-grained named entity annotations of a large corpus of Austrian court decisions from a small manually annotated training data set. We apply a general purpose Named Entity Recognition model to produce annotations of common coarse-grained types. Next, a small sample of these annotations are manually inspected by domain experts to produce an initial fine-grained training data set. To efficiently use the small manually annotated data set we formulate the task of named entity typing as a binary classification task – for each originally annotated occurrence of an entity, and for each fine-grained type we verify if the entity belongs to it. For this purpose we train a transformer-based classifier. We randomly sample 547 predictions and evaluate them manually. The incorrect predictions are used to improve the performance of the classifier – the corrected annotations are added to the training set. The experiments show that re-training with even a very small number (5 or 10) of originally incorrect predictions can significantly improve the classifier performance. We finally train the classifier on all available data and re-annotate the whole data set.
Building a Data Processing Activities Catalog: Representing Heterogeneous Compliance-Related Information for GDPR Using DCAT-AP and DPV
Authors: Ryan Paul , Pandit Harshvardhan , Brennan Rob
Published: September 2021

This paper describes a new semantic metadata-based approach to describing and integrating diverse data processing activity descriptions gathered from heterogeneous organisational sources such as departments, divisions, and external processors. This information must be collated to assess and document GDPR legal compliance, such as creating a Register of Processing Activities (ROPA). Most GDPR knowledge graph research to date has focused on developing detailed compliance graphs. However, many organisations already have diverse data collection tools for documenting data processing activities, and this heterogeneity is likely to grow in the future. We provide a new approach extending the well-known DCAT-AP standard utilising the data privacy vocabulary (DPV) to express the concepts necessary to complete a ROPA. This approach enables data catalog implementations to merge and federate the metadata for a ROPA without requiring full alignment or merging all the underlying data sources. To show our approach’s feasibility, we demonstrate a deployment use case and develop a prototype system based on diverse data processing records and a standard set of SPARQL queries for a Data Protection Officer preparing a ROPA to monitor compliance. Our catalog’s key benefits are that it is a lightweight, metadata-level integration point with a low cost of compliance information integration, capable of representing processing activities from heterogeneous sources.
Complex program for the prevention of the development and progression of refractive errors in school year children
Authors:   Kazakhstan-Russian Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Botabekova T.K. , Aldasheva N.A. ,   Kazakhstan Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Abdullina V.R. ,   Kazakhstan-Russian Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Stepanova I.S. ,   Kazakhstan-Russian Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Isergepova B.I. ,   Kazakhstan Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Iskakbaeva Zh.S. ,   Kazakhstan Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: September 2021

Aim: to develop a complex preventive and therapeutic program for refractive errors in school year children. Patients and Methods: 1,760 pupils of elementary, secondary, and high school of eight schools of Almaty (1,302 pupils of gymnasiums and 458 pupils of general education schools and sport boarding school) were examined. The 1st step was a preventive screening. The 2nd step was a distant interactive screening by teachers. The 3rd step was an eye examination of schoolers with low vision. The efficacy of the detection of visual impairments in schoolers during preventive and distant computer screening was compared. In addition, significant indicators for visual impairment monitoring in schoolers were identified. A "Program for the Prevention of the Development and Progression of Refractive Errors in Schoolchildren" was developed. To evaluate its efficacy, 140 pupils of general education schools with refractive errors and 1,302 pupils of gymnasiums with refractive errors or their high risk underwent eye examinations. In addition, to compare the effect of wearing glasses/contact lenses with full correction on the quality of life, 31 schoolers aged 12–17 with refractive errors were selected. Results: the rate of visual impairments was 28.4% among the pupils of general education schools and 31.3% among the pupils of gymnasiums. The most common refractive error was myopia (46.9% and 65.4%, respectively). As children moved through their school carrier, the proportion of myopia tended to increase. Accommodative dysfunction ranked second 48.5% and 29.7%, respectively). Time spent on distant screening was twice less compared to time spent on preventive screening. Visual acuity, cycloplegic refraction, reserves of relative accommodation, and axial length (measured by ultrasound) were indicators of visual impairments in children during monitoring. Poor general health was reported in 33% of children who wear glasses and 15% of children who wear contact lenses. Keywords: refractive errors, myopia, accommodation, schoolchildren, distant screening, prevention, vision correction with contact lenses. For citation: Botabekova T.K., Aldasheva N.A., Abdullina V.R. et al. Complex program for the prevention of the development and progression of refractive errors in school year children. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2021;21(3):135–142 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311- 7729-2021-21-3-135-142.
Glaucoma progression during the COVID-19 pandemics
Authors:   LLC “American Medical Clinic”, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Korelina V.E. , Gazizova I.R. ,   N.P. Bekhtereva Institute of the Human Brain, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Kuroyedov A.V. ,   P.V. Mandryka Military Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Didur M.D. ,   N.P. Bekhtereva Institute of the Human Brain, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: September 2021

The novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) provides powerful effects on all pathogenic aspects of the primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). The property of this virus to initiate disseminated intravascular coagulation, damage endotheliocytes, and impair coagulation result in numerous severe complications affecting all organs and systems. This disorder provokes retinal ischemia and hypoxia and spurs apoptosis of ganglionic cells. Cytokine storm and oxidative stress resulting from the COVID-19 potentially contribute to the progression of glaucomatous optic neuropathy. Distressing effect of the pandemic, a growing number of patients with depressive and anxiety disorders increase the risk of POAG and ocular hypertension, reduce treatment compliance, and exacerbate glaucoma course. Ophthalmic patients should be informed on potential risks and consequences of the COVID-19 and educated on the safety and efficacy of vaccination and the need for these preventive measures for elderly patients (in particular, with glaucoma). A year of the COVID-19 pandemic has radically changed the attitude to many processes of doctor-patient relationships. There is a need for the development of the technologies of distant monitoring of patients with glaucoma. Keywords: primary open-angle glaucoma, COVID-19, telemedicine, pandemic, SARS-CoV-2, cytokine storm, oxidative stress, intraocular pressure, apoptosis of ganglionic cells, glaucomatous optic neuropathy, post-COVID-19 syndrome. For citation: Korelina V.E., Gazizova I.R., Kuroyedov A.V., Didur M.D. Glaucoma progression during the COVID-19 pandemics. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2021;21(3):147–152 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2021-21-3-147-152.
State-of-the-art of loading and unloading tests for glaucoma: potentialities and informative value
Authors:   Volgograd Branch of the S.N. Fedorov NMRC “MNTK “Eye Microsurgery”, Volgograd, Russian Federation, Myakonkaya O.S. , Sarkisyan A.S. ,   Volgograd Branch of the S.N. Fedorov NMRC “MNTK “Eye Microsurgery”, Volgograd, Russian Federation, Seleznev A.V. ,   Ivanovo State Medical Academy, Ivanovo, Russian Federation, Kuroyedov A.V. ,   P.V. Mandryka Military Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Gazizova I.R. ,   N.P. Bekhtereva Institute of the Human Brain, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: September 2021

Prevention of blindness and low vision resulting from the progression of glaucomatous optic neuropathy (GON) depends mainly on the early diagnosis of glaucoma. Loading and unloading tests which create conditions for intraocular pressure (IOP) fluctuations are important for the early diagnosis of glaucoma. Stress tests for glaucoma lead to a short-term IOP rise and help identify symptoms that are questionable under normal conditions. Stress tests include water-drinking test, position test, dark room test, dentation test, pharmacological mydriasis, corticosteroid provocative test, etc. Unloading tests are reasonable if the IOP level is the upper normal limit or slightly higher. Unloading tests include glyceryl ascorbate test, test with acetazolamide, and instillations of IOP-lowering medications (e.g., M-cholinomimetic or prostaglandin analog). Visual changes accompanying loading and unloading tests are recorded by visual acuity measurement, IOP measurement (tonometry and tonography, visual field testing (campimetry, angioscotometry), adaptometry, retinal tomography, and electrophysiology (visually evoked potentials). Studies are currently underway to develop novel modifications of diagnostic tests using modern high-tech controlling tools. These advances increase the informative value of these tests which are relevant for both early diagnosis and stabilization of glaucoma course. This review article summarizes currently available data on the informative value of loading and unloading tests. Keywords: glaucoma, intraocular pressure, loading tests, unloading tests, early diagnosis of glaucoma. For citation: Myakonkaya O.S., Sarkisyan A.S., Seleznev A.V. et al. State-of-the-art of loading and unloading tests for glaucoma: potentialities and informative value. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2021;21(3):153–158 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2021-21-3-153-158.
Nuances of preoperative care before cataract extraction. What do we overlook when performing biometry, calculating IOL power, and examining the eye?
Authors:   Hospital for War Veterans № 2, Moscow, Russian Federation, Movsisyan A.B. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Egorov A.E. ,   Hospital for War Veterans № 2, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: September 2021

Modern cataract surgery is increasingly regarded as a refractive procedure. The focus has shifted from practicing and refining surgical steps towards personalized intraocular lens (IOL) choice based on the eye parameters of each individual. The best possible refractive outcome is now the priority. All components of biometry contribute to IOL power calculation accuracy. Therefore, any errors, a method of evaluating each parameter, and a technician’s experience are important. In addition, refraction, macular disorders, and prior surgical procedures affect IOL choice, preoperative care, and the extent of surgery. Moreover, subsequent changes in the IOL position that results in refractive errors after cataract surgery (this depends on the formula for IOL power calculation) should also be considered. The accuracy of IOL power calculation is affected by the inaccuracy of current biometry techniques and postoperative changes of the globe. Personalization of theoretical formulas provides better accuracy of IOL power calculations to meet modern trends in intraocular correction. Supplements containing macular pigments prevent macular degeneration and protect the macular zone. Keywords: cataract, refraction, cataract surgery, biometry, IOL power calculation, IOL power calculation formulas, retina, age-related macular degeneration. For citation: Movsisyan A.B., Egorov A.E. Nuances of preoperative care before cataract extraction. What do we overlook when performing biometry, calculating IOL power, and examining the eye? Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2021;21(3):159–163 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2021-21-3-159-163.