bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanizmy prawne ochrony rolnego charakteru nieruchomości w świetle rezolucji Parlamentu Europejskiego z dnia 27 kwietnia 2017 r. w sprawie aktualnego stanu koncentracji gruntów rolnych w UE: jak ułatwić rolnikom dostęp do gruntów?
Authors: Czechowski, Paweł , Niewiadomski Adam
Published: June 2019

The article presents current development trends related to European regulations concerning agricultural property trade. The legal instruments proposed by the European Parliament and the European Commission, which which are supposed to preserve the agricultural character of the property, has been presented. These regulations should help farmers to keep their jobs. They also recommend creating strict supervision over the turnover of agricultural real estate.
Skuteczność implementacji rolnośrodowiskowych instrumentów Wspólnej Polityki Rolnej w ocenie Europejskiego Trybunału Obrachunkowego
Authors: Król Monika A.
Published: June 2019

The considerations carried out in this study serve to answer the question on the level of implementation of selected agri-environmental instruments in individual EU countries in the opinion of the European Court of Auditors. The aim of the article is to analyze and evaluate ECA judgments on compliance with applicable regulations, as well as recommendations for future directions of changes in the impact of agriculture on the environment, currently proposed in various options for the next stage of CAP development after 2020.
Nowy model środków zaskarżenia po nowelizacji Kodeksu postępowania administracyjnego z dnia 7 kwietnia 2017 r.
Authors: Stankiewicz Rafał
Published: June 2019

The article addresses the issue of alterations to the Administrative Procedure Code (after the most recent amendment, which went into effect on June 1, 2017) in relation to the constitutional right to appeal against decisions delivered in the course of administrative proceedings. The author presents and analyses the new regulations with emphasis on the modifications to the forms of recourse, including solutions that exclude the right to second instance proceedings (by operation of law or upon request of the parties), and introduce limitations to the right (in terms of the content of the appeal or the scope of its examination).
Przetwarzanie informacji i danych osobowych w rolnictwie w ramach Big Data
Authors: Zapała Cezary
Published: June 2019

With the development of IT tools and systems, as well as the free transfer, reception, processing and collection of data, the enormous possibilities offered by the analysis of the collected data have been discovered. The agrarian industry is also under the influence of new technologies, which change the existing mechanisms. The use of ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) tools combined with large data sets and the possibility of creating processes and analysis of these data by appropriate software and hardware creates great opportunities for effective shaping of the agrarian industry. Processing agricultural data within Big Data is also associated with risks. The aim of the paper is to present the functioning of new technologies in agriculture, with particular emphasis on information processing in large data sets and to analyse the risks associated with the use of information and personal data in agriculture and to discuss the regulations that reduce these risks.
O Acesso das Pessoas Transexuais e Travestis à Atenção Primária à Saúde: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: De Carvalho Pereira Lourenço Barros , Chazan Ana Cláudia Santos
Published: June 2019

Introdução: Travestis, transexuais e transgêneros (trans) fazem parte das minorias sexuais. São vítimas de estigmatização, discriminação e violência desde a infância, o que os leva muitas vezes à marginalização. Posto isso, se faz necessário políticas públicas que lhes forneçam condições para o exercício da cidadania. O presente trabalho apresenta os resultados de uma revisão integrativa sobre o acesso das pessoas trans aos serviços de saúde da atenção básica. Métodos: Coleta de dados realizada em dezembro de 2017 nas plataformas MEDLINE, SciELO e LILACS, utilizando os descritores em associação: transexual, transgênero ou travesti, acesso e atenção primária, atenção básica ou saúde. Os estudos deveriam ser publicados a partir de 2007 e estarem disponíveis gratuitamente. Resultados: Dos 578 estudos encontrados (incluídos as repetições) foram selecionados 6, provenientes do Brasil, EUA e África do Sul. Cinco com metodologia qualitativa e uma revisão sistemática. O acesso à Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) por parte da população trans encontra barreiras multidimensionais. Há entraves políticos, socioeconômicos, organizacionais, técnicos e simbólicos, porém as barreiras técnicas são as mais impactantes ao acesso. Conclusão: Para que haja um acesso equitativo, livre de preconceitos e de discriminação, e cuidado pautados na empatia e compaixão, faz-se necessário incluir a temática diversidade sexual e de gênero na formação dos profissionais de saúde na graduação, na pós-graduação e, principalmente, na educação permanente daqueles implicados aos cuidados das pessoas trans. A APS, ao fazer valer seus atributos, mostra-se como o cenário ideal para o cuidado longitudinal destas pessoas.
Quantitation of Cannabinoids in Cannabis Dried Plant Materials, Concentrates, and Oils Using Liquid Chromatography–Diode Array Detection Technique with Optional Mass Spectrometric Detection: Single-Laboratory Validation Study, First Action 2018.11
Authors: Vaclavik Lukas , Benes Frantisek , Fenclova Marie , Hricko Jiri , Krmela Ales , Svobodova Veronika , Hajslova Jana , Mastovska Katerina
Published: June 2019

This paper describes a single-laboratory validation of a liquid chromatography–diode array detection (LC–DAD) method for quantification of 12 major cannabinoids in Cannabis dried plant materials, concentrates, and oils. The method met Standard Method Performance
Requirements for quantitative analysis of cannabinoids in Cannabis concentrates and Cannabis dried plant materials. The LOQs were in the range 0.003–0.10% (w/w), depending on the analyte and matrix. Spike recoveries were between 96.7 and 101.3% with relative SDs (RSDs)
≤2.3%. Precision expressed as repeatability and intermediate precision was within 0.3–4.8 and 1.1–5.1%, respectively. The chromatographic separation conditions used in this versatile method are compatible with both DAD–UV and MS detection. During method validation, high-resolution
quadrupole time-of-flight MS was employed as a secondary detector (connected in series to the LC–DAD instrument) to provide high confidence identification of target analytes and as a tool for monitoring other cannabinoids for which reference standards were not available. The obtained
results demonstrate applicability of the method to quantitative analysis of important cannabinoids in dried plants, concentrates, and oils. Limited data were generated for a food matrix (Cannabis-containing cookies) using this method with LC coupled to a compact single quadrupole mass
spectrometer.
Determination of Parent and Oxygenated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Waste Cooking Oil and Oil Deodorizer Distillate by GC–QQQ–MS
Authors: Teng Chong , Wu Shimin , Sun Yaqing , Gong Guangyi
Published: June 2019

Background: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and oxygenated PAHs (OPAHs) are classes of contaminants that are present in the environment and food. They pose a great threat to human health because of their carcinogenicity and mutagenicity. Very few studies have focused
on their concentration in waste cooking oil (WCO) and oil deodorizer distillate (ODD). Objective: This study aimed (1) to design a reliable method to determine 16 PAHs and 4 OPAHs in both WCO and ODD and (2) to determine and analyze PAH and OPAH concentrations in actual
samples to provide references for further research. Method: The PAH determination approach included double liquid–liquid extraction, double solid-phase extraction, and GC–triple quadrupole tandem MS determination. Oxidation indices were determined by titrimetry. Results:
The method reached good linearity (R2 > 0.99) and an acceptable recovery rate (55.01–126.16% for WCO and 57.48–128.97% for ODD). Ten WCO and five ODD samples were determined, and the total concentration of 16 PAHs varied from 16.34 to 239.01 and 101.08 to 198.04
μg/kg in WCO and ODD, respectively. Among the 16 PAHs, three-ring PAHs typically contributed the most. It was also found that the acid value has a strong correlation with the concentration of OPAHs, probably because of the contribution of free fatty acids to OPAH formation. Conclusions:
The proposed method was effective in the analysis of PAHs and OPAHs in WCO and ODD.
Development and Characterization of a Multimycotoxin Reference Material
Authors: Phillips Melissa M. , Seal Tomás M. López , Ness Jennifer M. , Zhang Kai
Published: June 2019

Background: Matrix-matched reference materials (RMs) are critical for adequate quality assurance of extraction, digestion, separation, and/or detection processes for analytes of interest in foods and dietary supplements. The accurate determination of mycotoxins in foods is an
international concern. While RMs for mycotoxins are available from a variety of RM producers, these mainly address a single mycotoxin or group of mycotoxins and therefore require the use of multiple RMs for multitarget methods. Objective: To address the increasing needs of laboratories
moving toward LC-MS-based multimycotoxin analysis, the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) collaborated with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to produce a naturally incurred RM for multiple mycotoxins in corn. Methods: Homogeneity of the RM has been
assessed using a stratified random sampling of the final product based on mycotoxin mass fractions measured by the FDA and NIST. Multiple sample sizes were evaluated to maximize homogeneity in the obtained results. The mycotoxin levels in the final materials have been evaluated via interlaboratory
comparison and isotope dilution LC–tandem MS measurements made at the FDA and NIST. The final value assignment combined results from these data sets. Conclusions: The study successfully developed a certified RM, SRM 1565 Mycotoxins in Corn, and a workflow for the future development
of multimycotoxin RMs in different matrices.
“Bailes e Festas do Barulho”: Sociabilidades Tensas em Mallet-PR (1925-1965)
Authors: Stachuk Angelica , De Oliveira Oséias
Published: June 2019

A presente reflexão propõe analisar situações de sociabilidade em que crimes aconteceram na região de Malle-PR, entre as décadas de 1925 e 1965. Com centro urbano restrito e grande área rural, sua população vivia dispersa no território coberto pela floresta de araucárias que, aos poucos, cedeu lugar à agricultura. Naquele mundo agreste os bailes, as festas, os casamentos e as missas eram os principais meios de diversão coletiva. Por diversas razões, os bailes e festas eram cenário de discussões, brigas e até mesmo crimes. Para reconstituir, aspectos da sociabilidade e das relações sociais naquela sociedade marcada pela imigração eslava, utilizamos como fontes documentais principais os processos crime de Mallet, sob a guarda e disponíveis para pesquisa no Centro de Documentação e Memória (CEDOC/I) na Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste. Nesse corpus documental nos interessam os processos envolvendo ocorrências policiais em bailes afim de verificar os agentes históricos envolvidos nesses eventos de maior ou menor violência e suas motivações.
O “problema das seitas” e os periódicos: uma análise das representações sobre o movimento Hare Krishna nos jornais (1974-1984)
Authors: Carvalho Leon Adan Gutierrez de
Published: June 2019

Os primeiros membros do movimento Hare Krishna no Brasil chegaram em 1973 e, em Pernambuco, sua presença foi noticiada já no início de 1974, fazendo circular - não sem intencionalidades - determinadas representações acerca dos seus membros, suas práticas e visões de mundo. O presente trabalho analisa algumas dessas representações construídas pelos jornais, mais precisamente o Diario de Pernambuco, entre os anos de 1974 e 1984, buscando compreender os elementos discursivos que contribuíram para influenciar a opinião pública acerca dos “novos movimentos religiosos”, como o movimento Hare Krishna. Para tanto, se fez necessário utilizar autores como Roger Chartier e Michel de Certeau para uma compreensão do lugar social de onde partem os discursos e das representações produzidas por estes lugares. Pudemos perceber que o jornal buscou deslegitimar outras formas de religiosidade que se constituíam como “novas” diante do quadro tradicional católico, classificando-as como “seitas” que poderiam ser “perigosas” à sociedade.
ANÁLISE DA INFLUÊNCIA DO PÉ-DIREITO NA DISPONIBILIDADE DE ILUMINAÇÃO NATURAL NO AMBIENTE INTERNO
Authors: Farkas Adriana Baccari , Laranja Andréa Coelho
Published: June 2019

A iluminação natural depende de parâmetros externos e internos ao ambiente, dentre eles a própria geometria interna do espaço. Este artigo verifica a influência do pé-direito na disponibilidade de iluminação natural no ambiente interno, utilizando como metodologia a simulação no software Troplux. Conclui-se que o parâmetro pé-direito 2.6m é adequado à distribuição de iluminação natural se comparado aos pés-direitos mais elevados. Em relação à uniformidade, as análises revelaram que, à medida que há o aumento do pé-direito, eleva-se a uniformidade, todavia nenhum dos resultados de uniformidade satisfez a NBR 8995-1.
Die affirmative Sabotage der Aufklärung: Die postkoloniale Zwickmühle
Authors: Dhawan Nikita
Published: June 2019

Anstatt auf eine historische Ära oder ein geographisches Gebiet beschränkt zu sein, überdauert das intellektuelle und politische Erbe der Aufklärung bis in unsere Zeit. Jedes Mal, wenn wir Themen wie Menschenrechtsverletzungen und die Untergrabung der Demokratie, der Anstieg des Autoritarismus, die Notlage von Flüchtlingen und Staatenlosen, die Zerstörung des Ökosystems oder normative Dilemmas hinsichtlich künstlicher Intelligenz debattieren, positionieren wir uns nämlich mit Bezug auf die Aufklärung, die wichtige intellektuelle, moralische und politische Ressourcen für das kritische Denken liefert. Allerdings, wie von Wissenschaftler*innen der postkolonialen Studien und Holocauststudien dargelegt, hat das Versprechen, Freiheit durch den Gebrauch der Vernunft zu erreichen, ironischerweise zu einer Beherrschung durch die Vernunft selbst geführt. Im Zuge des Fortschritts und der Emanzipation hat die Aufklärung auch Kolonialismus, Sklaverei, Genozide und Verbrechen gegen die Menschlichkeit gebracht. Dieser Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit den widersprüchlichen Konsequenzen der Aufklärung für die postkoloniale Welt. Es soll versucht werden, die Rolle der Aufklärung im Dekolonisierungsprozess konzeptionell zu repositionieren, anstatt die Aufklärung einfach polemisch abzulehnen, wenngleich die Aufklärung selbst dekolonisiert werden muss. Dies ist nicht einfach die Aufgabe, das Erbe der Aufklärung und des Kolonialismus zu annullieren; es ist stattdessen das schwierigere Vorhaben, die »Früchte« der Aufklärung durch und für die postkoloniale Welt zurückzugewinnen und zu rekonfigurieren.
Diseño y construcción de una casa bioclimática en clima cálido seco, en La Paz, Baja California Sur, México
Authors: Reséndiz Pacheco Oscar , Morillón Gálvez David , Romero Ramona Alicia , Galindo De La Cruz Madelein , Poujol Federico , Chávez Martínez Elizabeth
Published: June 2019

A través de un proyecto multiinstitucional de CONAVI se realizó un estudio térmico y energético para el análisis y obtención de un prototipo de vivienda en clima cálido seco en la ciudad de La Paz, B.C.S., en el que se abordan estrategias ahorradoras de energía y confort térmico, así como de diseño para poder ofrecer una alternativa a la problemática actual en la vivienda económica.

A través d'un projecte multi institucional de CONAVI es va realitzar un estudi tèrmic i energètic per a l'anàlisi i obtenció d'un prototip d'habitatge en clima càlid sec a la ciutat de la Pau, BCS, en el qual s'aborden estratègies estalviadores d'energia i confort tèrmic , així com de disseny per poder oferir una alternativa a la problemàtica actual a l'habitatge econòmica.

Through a multi-agency Project CONAVI thermal and energy study for analysis and obtaining a house prototype in warm dry weather in the city of La Paz, BCS, where saving energy strategies and comfort are addressed performed thermal and design to offer an alternative to the current problems in afford housing. They showed considerable benefits in terms of energy performance and thermal comfort due to the proposed changes in the housing design.
Evaluating the Adoption of Laboratory Practice Guidelines
Authors: Goldsmith Jeffrey D. , Fitzgibbons Patrick L. , Fatheree Lisa A. , Astles J. Rex , Nowak Jan A. , Souers Rhona J. , Volmar Keith E. , Nakhleh Raouf E.
Published: June 2019

Context.—

To date, the College of American Pathologists (CAP) has developed 17 laboratory practice guidelines (LPGs) including updates. In 2013, the CAP was awarded a 5-year cooperative agreement grant from the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to increase the effectiveness of LPGs.

Objective.—

To assess the awareness and adoption of 2 CAP LPGs: immunohistochemical (IHC) assay validation and initial workup of acute leukemia.

Design.—

Baseline surveys for each LPG were conducted in 2010 and 2015, respectively. To measure the adoption of guideline recommendations and inform future updates, a follow-up study consisting of surveys, telephone interviews, and focus group sessions was conducted in laboratories that indicated they perform IHC testing. A follow-up study for the acute leukemia LPG is planned.

Results.—

For the IHC Validation LPG, a total of 1624 survey responses, 40 telephone interviews, and discussions with 5 focus group participants were analyzed. The response rate for the aforementioned 3 modalities was 46%, 13%, and 3%, respectively. All modalities indicated most respondents were aware of the LPG and had adopted most or all of its recommendations. Respondents expressed needs for continued communication, increased specificity, and more prescriptive recommendations when the guideline is updated.

Conclusions.—

While data-driven development of evidence-based LPGs requires significant resources, active data collection to identify gaps and assess adoption contributes to improved laboratory testing practices in support of patient care. The CAP identified sustainable modalities to track metrics and developed multiple tools that should improve guideline development, adoption, and implementation. Of these modalities, written or electronic surveys were the most logistically feasible and had the highest response rate.
Review: The Fifth Risk
Authors: Cassell Kay
Published: June 2019

In The Fifth Risk, Michael Lewis documents the chaotic transition from the Obama administration to the Trump administration. The Trump administration did not think it was necessary to fill most of the government positions vacated by Obama appointees so the departments that had carefully prepared briefing books for the new staff waited for them to arrive.
The meaning of being German: An inductive approach to national identity
Authors: Ditlmann Ruth K. , Kopf-Beck Johannes
Published: June 2019

Germany is often cited as a paradigmatic case for an ethnic model of nationalism but in recent years introduced many civic elements into its citizenship policies. The goal of the current article is to explore how German citizens construct their national identity against this backdrop. Using an inductive approach, we asked 987 German citizens to describe what being German means for them. A latent class analysis of content-coded responses revealed four classes: a heritage-based identity class with a strong focus on language and culture (39%), an ideology-based identity class that revolves around democracy, welfare, freedom, and economy and safety (19%), a legal-formalistic identity class that is mostly concerned with the legal requirement for obtaining and holding citizenship of national identity (26%), and a trait-based identity class describing personality-traits that are supposed to be typical for Germans (16%). These findings expand upon and add nuance to the commonly used civic vs. ethnic national identity content typology.
“I’LL BE BACK…”: The chance of a political comeback as party leader
Authors: Eidenfalk Joakim , Woodcock Stuart
Published: June 2019

Political leadership has become increasingly volatile in recent times, as experienced directly by many of the leaders of both major parties in Australia over the last few decades who have been ousted by their own party. While some of these leaders have returned to power, others have faded away into history. Political capital can play a key role in the demise or reclaim of leadership and an immediate response can become critical not only in preventing any further loss of political capital but to begin the re-building of political capital towards a return to a leadership position. This study examined ousted political leaders and the likelihood of a return to leadership. Attribution theory was applied to the first press conference given by six Australian major party leaders immediately after having lost their leadership and were analysed thematically to show what the attributional causes of their successes and failures were during their tenure as party leader. The results indicate that what one says and how one says it can be important for their prospects of returning to the seat of power. The major party leaders who returned to power tended to acknowledge successes due to the collective group, while the other major party leaders tended to attribute the successes to themselves and failures on external factors, including their own collective group. The results illustrate the importance of how one handles one’s downfall in order to climb back up.
No Need to Ask
Authors: Rubel Dejah
Published: June 2019

This article will describe how permissionless metadata blockchains could be created to overcome two significant limitations in current cataloging practices: centralization and a lack of traceability. The process would start by creating public and private keys, which could be managed using digital wallet software. After creating a genesis block, nodes would submit either a new record or modifications to a single record for validation. Validation would rely on a Federated Byzantine Agreement consensus algorithm because it offers the most flexibility for institutions to select authoritative peers. Only the top tier nodes would be required to store a copy of the entire blockchain thereby allowing other institutions to decide whether they prefer to use the abridged version or the full version.
Letter from the Editor (June 2019)
Authors: Varnum Kenneth J.
Published: June 2019

Highlights of this issue include a new look to journal, regular columns, and the 2019 LITA/Ex Libris Student Writing Award-winning paper
Le ton d’évidence en éthique relève-t-il de la violence verbale? Analyse des mémoires envoyés à la Commission parlementaire québécoise sur la question de mourir dans la dignité
Authors: Burnier Daniel
Published: June 2019

Cet article interdisciplinaire analyse la manière avec laquelle des citoyens débattent lors d’une consultation publique organisée sur une question éthique profondément conflictuelle : l’euthanasie. Le cas étudié concerne la consultation publique québécoise organisée en 2010-2011 par la Commission spéciale sur la question de mourir dans la dignité. Ces voix citoyennes débattant publiquement sur l’euthanasie ont jusqu’ici peu retenu l’attention des chercheurs. Nous avons analysé à l’aide des outils de la rhétorique aristotélicienne les mémoires écrits (n = 149) envoyés par des citoyens à la Commission spéciale. À de très rares exceptions près, toutes les personnes engagées politiquement dans cette consultation publique, aussi différentes soient-elles, affichent une grande certitude dans leurs croyances éthiques. Chacun fait comme si les convictions de l’adversaire étaient inférieures aux siennes, qu’il présente souvent comme universelles. Concernant la formule « mourir dans la dignité », les participants prétendent implicitement à l’objectivité de leur définition. Ils agissent même comme s’il existait une seule définition de la formule « mourir dans la dignité » et une seule vérité éthique. À la suite de ces analyses, nous discutons du concept de « violence verbale » qui pourrait être associé à ces manières de débattre sur un sujet complexe.
Health Misinformation and the Power of Narrative Messaging in the Public Sphere
Authors: Caulfield Timothy , Marcon Alessandro R , Murdoch Blake , Brown Jasmine M , Perrault Sarah Tinker , Jarry Jonathan , Snyder Jeremy , Anthony Samantha J , Brooks Stephanie , Master Zubin , Rachul Christen , Ogbogu Ubaka , Greenberg Joshua , Zarzeczny Amy , Hyde-Lay Robyn
Published: June 2019

Numerous social, economic and academic pressures can have a negative impact on representations of biomedical research. We review several of the forces playing an increasingly pernicious role in how health and science information is interpreted, shared and used, drawing discussions towards the role of narrative. In turn, we explore how aspects of narrative are used in different social contexts and communication environments, and present creative responses that may help counter the negative trends. As traditional methods of communication have in many ways failed the public, changes in approach are required, including the creative use of narratives.
Climate Change and Integral Ecology
Authors: Sakimoto Philip J
Published: June 2019

Writing in his encyclical Laudato Si’: Care for Our Common Home, Pope Francis asserts that there is a “solid scientific consensus” on the reality of climate change and on its origins in human activities (#23). Unfortunately, much of the detailed scientific understanding that underlies this claim has not been made readily accessible to scholars in fields outside of the sciences. This paper aims to correct that omission by examining the science of climate change in the context of integral ecology. In this light, it will be demonstrated how human activities cause climate change, climate change has devastating effects on human lives and livelihoods, and human actions are necessary in order to mitigate climate change. Mitigating climate change requires societal actions that bring together technological, cultural, sociological, economic, and political considerations. The question is, do we have the wisdom to see that we are the cause of climate change, that climate change is rapidly making our planet unlivable for large numbers of human beings, and that we have to take strong and immediate actions if we are to avoid ever worsening future disasters? Hopefully, attention to integral ecology—to the interplay of human activities with natural ecosystems—can encourage us to do so.
Proposing an Examen for Living the Ecology of Daily Life and Building a Culture of Care
Authors: Savino Damien Marie
Published: June 2019

This article examines a relatively unexplored aspect of integral ecology in Laudato Si’ called “the ecology of daily life” and considers how living a healthy ecology of daily life relates to the unique vocation of humans to care for creation. Specifically, what does the Pope intend by “the ecology of daily life”? What are some obstacles to living it? How can living the ecology of daily life help build a culture of care? Based upon the principles articulated in the encyclical, the article proposes an examen for assessing progress in living the ecology of daily life. This examen is applied to two case studies in order to discern a fruitful practice of the ecology of daily life. The case studies represent environmental situations that, while affected by larger scale industrial/commercial processes, are primarily driven by micro-scale decision-making and small daily actions of individuals and local communities. The first case study focuses on endocrine disrupting chemicals as an example of a polluted ecology of daily life, and the second highlights a zero waste initiative as an exemplar of an integral ecology of daily life. The article concludes with comments on lessons learned from the exercise of applying the examen to two concrete situations. This approach can help individuals and communities discern how to build a culture of care based upon the principles of the ecology of daily life as they are presented in Laudato Si’.
Green Burial, Home Burial: A Return to Redbud Hill
Authors: Bayer Ellen M
Published: June 2019

This paper uses my own personal journey toward a green home burial as a vehicle for exploring this emerging industry. A recent move across the country prompted me to reflect upon my own burial place. While I have known for years that I would prefer a green burial, the transition from my native Midwest to the Pacific Northwest was a catalyst for anxieties about leaving the familiar for a foreign (to me) landscape. Knowing that my body would one day return to the hills of my childhood provided a strange sense of calm, but a cursory look into the prospects of a home burial on my 18 acres in rural Indiana suggested the logistics were more complicated than I imagined. I learned that Indiana is one of only five states that do not allow home burial, or that have highly restrictive laws governing it. What had promised to be a simple and natural end of life decision spiraled into a bureaucratic labyrinth. Blending insights into the green burial movement with a navigation of my own experience, this paper seeks to demonstrate the environmental and personal benefits of natural burial practices while also unearthing factors that complicate its accessibility.
Trabalho terceirizado: sobre a precarização das condições de trabalho a partir da Lei de Terceirização e da Reforma Trabalhista
Authors: Corsi Thaís Calsoni , Mastrodi Josué
Published: June 2019

Tratamos, nesta pesquisa, da terceirização como técnica de fragmentação da cadeia produtiva para a redução de gastos com a mão de obra às custas da precarização do trabalho. A Lei n. 13.429, de 31 de março de 2017, viabiliza a terceirização das atividades-fim, algo que, pela sistemática anteriormente vigente de proteção do trabalhador, em especial por força da Súmula 331 do Tribunal Superior do Trabalho, se mostrava completamente vedado. Porém, em que pese a terceirização da atividade-fim estar legalmente autorizada, entendemos que ainda há formas jurídicas de proteção do trabalhador contra mais essa precarização. A atual estrutura de proteção sindical deveria englobar, na representação do sindicato, todos os trabalhadores envolvidos na atividade-fim, inclusive os eventuais terceirizados. Situação em que até poderia haver terceirização dos serviços, mas a estrutura de proteção do Direito Coletivo do Trabalho, em especial por meio da atuação sindical, deve impor remuneração isonômica aos terceirizados, na mesma medida da remuneração dos empregados diretos. Como a terceirização, para ser realizada, depende necessariamente da redução dos custos de produção, a isonomia no tratamento dos trabalhadores terceirizados envolvidos na mesma atividade-fim dos empregados diretos torna a mudança legislativa trazida pela Lei n. 13.429 totalmente inócua. Ainda que a Reforma Trabalhista tenha criado novas condições de degradação do trabalho por reduzir ou eliminar direitos em vigor desde a edição da Consolidação das Leis do Trabalho em 1943, concluímos que o Direito Coletivo ainda mantém alguma proteção em favor dos terceirizados.
A proteção do conhecimento tradicional associado à biodiversidade diante de um novo marco legal
Authors: Shiraishi Neto Joaquim , Ribeiro Thayana Bosi Oliveira , Rabêlo Laíza Braga
Published: June 2019

Observa-se que a Convenção sobre a Diversidade Biológica de 1992, e dela decorrente, o Protocolo de Nagoya e a Lei nº 13.123 de 20 de maio de 2015 recorreram aos “novos paradigmas” para justificar velhas práticas ao vincular a proteção da sociobiodiversidade às necessidades do mercado.  Assim, este artigo, resultado parcial de um Projeto de Pesquisa, objetiva analisar o conteúdo dos tratados internacionais e da legislação pátria deles resultante, uma vez que a regulamentação jurídica do acesso ao conhecimento tradicional associado à biodiversidade pode, ao contrário do que pretende efetivamente promover, ameaçar a existência da própria sociobiodiversidade brasileira.
Governamentalidade neoliberal: reflexões sobre o crescimento econômico e o crescimento inclusivo
Authors: Rossignoli Marisa , Almeida Patrícia Sílvia de
Published: June 2019

O presente artigo tem por escopo a análise do desenvolvimento da governamentalidade neoliberal, a partir da ideia de livre-mercado, crescimento econômico e crescimento inclusivo social, sob a ótica referencial filosófica de Michel Foucault e econômica de Amartya Sen. Como metodologia de trabalho, optou-se pelo método hipotético-dedutivo, de pesquisa de base teórico-bibliográfica. Inicia-se com a descrição evolutiva do pensamento da escola clássica liberal (Adam Smith) até a governamentalidade neoliberal; segue, no tópico adiante, um referencial sobre a noção do exercício do livre-mercado fator que gera o crescimento econômico; e, por fim, avança-se na análise da repercussão das ações que visam o crescimento econômico casado ao crescimento inclusivo social, uma lógica determinística que deve ser observada as ideias de um capitalismo inclusivo na contemporaneidade.
Tributação sustentável no e-commerce: com ênfase no Imposto sobre Circulação de Mercadorias e Serviços
Authors: Gomes Magno Federici , Soares Maria Cecília Marques
Published: June 2019

Trata-se de estudo que verificou a aplicação da distribuição das receitas tributárias antes e após a Emenda Constitucional (EC) nº 87/2015, considerando a análise da divisão da tributação no e-commerce. Dessa forma, a pergunta que se fez foi: Como analisar a redefinição das receitas tributárias que foi implementada pela Emenda Constitucional (EC) nº 87/2015, levando-se em consideração o e-commerce sustentável? O Objetivo geral é analisar a tributação no e-commerce e as suas implicações na sustentabilidade para o desenvolvimento local. O tema abordado classifica-se como qualitativo, sendo a técnica de abordagem a indutiva, a partir de uma metodologia teórico-documental e exploratória. Conclui-se que a nova sistemática de cobrança do Imposto sobre Circulação de Mercadorias e Serviços (ICMS) para consumidor final não contribuinte do imposto, introduzida pela EC nº 87/2015, implica em um desenvolvimento sustentável positivo, embora seja necessário observar algumas considerações que implicam diretamente na análise da mudança de arrecadação do tributo.
Acceptable Threshold of Parking Charges for Urban Electric Bicycles
Authors: Deng Yajuan , Wang Ting , Ma Rui
Published: June 2019

Electric bicycles are one of the essential traffic modes in many cities in China. Due to the consideration on safety and efficiency of the urban transportation systems, it is recognized that the use of electric bicycles should be limited by shifting the demand towards public transit by imposing parking charges on electric bicycles. To plan for this, the travellers’ acceptance of parking charges must be taken into account. This paper proposes an acceptable threshold Logit model based on the non-compensation theory to calculate the threshold of the parking charge of electric bicycles. Electric bicycle trips are categorized into seven groups in terms of travel distances. The parking charges are of four discrete levels, from 0, 1, 2 to 3 yuan. Based on the survey data in the city of Handan, the traditional and acceptable threshold Nest-Logit models with the distance intervals and charges have been established and calibrated. Model calibration results show that the acceptable threshold Nest-Logit model is more accurate than the traditional Nest-Logit model, and the parking charge thresholds do exist. Specifically, within 3 km and outside 3 km the parking charge threshold is 1 yuan and 2 yuan, respectively. The parking charge thresholds can help in decision-making for parking pricing of electric bicycles.
Structure of the Helicobacter pylori Cag type IV secretion system
Authors: Chung Jeong Min , Sheedlo Michael J , Campbell Anne M , Sawhney Neha , Frick-Cheng Arwen E , Lacy Dana Borden , Cover Timothy L , Ohi Melanie D
Published: June 2019

Bacterial type IV secretion systems (T4SSs) are molecular machines that can mediate interbacterial DNA transfer through conjugation and delivery of effector molecules into host cells. The Helicobacter pylori Cag T4SS translocates CagA, a bacterial oncoprotein, into gastric cells, contributing to gastric cancer pathogenesis. We report the structure of a membrane-spanning Cag T4SS assembly, which we describe as three sub-assemblies: a 14-fold symmetric outer membrane core complex (OMCC), 17-fold symmetric periplasmic ring complex (PRC), and central stalk. Features that differ markedly from those of prototypical T4SSs include an expanded OMCC and unexpected symmetry mismatch between the OMCC and PRC. This structure is one of the largest bacterial secretion system assemblies ever reported and illustrates the remarkable structural diversity that exists among bacterial T4SSs.
Conductive-probe atomic force microscopy and Kelvin-probe force microscopy characterization of OH-terminated diamond (111) surfaces with step-terrace structures
Authors: Nagai Masatsugu , Yoshida Ryo , Yamada Tatsuki , Tabakoya Taira , Nebel Christoph E. , Yamasaki Satoshi , Makino Toshiharu , Matsumoto Tsubasa , Inokuma Takao , Tokuda Norio
Published: June 2019

We characterized OH-terminated diamond (111) surfaces which show step-terrace (ST) and bunching-step (BS) regions from contact potential difference (CPD) and current to investigate the relationships between surface topography and generation of interface states on the surfaces. The OH-termination was performed using water vapor annealing. The CPD and current measurements were conducted by conductive-probe AFM and Kelvin-probe force microscopy. The CPD and current were highly correlated with the surface topography. The I–V characteristics shows typical ideality factors (n) of about 1.5 and 2.0 in the ST region and the BS region, respectively. As the n were higher than that of an ideal Schottky contact (n = 1.0), we concluded that a metal insulator semiconductor diode structure, whose n increases as its interface state density increases, was formed. Considering that step density in the BS region was much higher than that in the ST region, the steps seemed to have generated the interface states.
Bacterial and archaeal spatial distribution and its environmental drivers in an extremely haloalkaline soil at the landscape scale
Authors: Martínez-Olivas Martha Adriana , Jiménez-Bueno Norma G. , Hernández-García Juan Alfredo , Fusaro Carmine , Luna-Guido Marco , Navarro-Noya Yendi E. , Dendooven Luc
Published: June 2019

Background

A great number of studies have shown that the distribution of microorganisms in the soil is not random, but that their abundance changes along environmental gradients (spatial patterns). The present study examined the spatial variability of the physicochemical characteristics of an extreme alkaline saline soil and how they controlled the archaeal and bacterial communities so as to determine the main spatial community drivers.

Methods

The archaeal and bacterial community structure, and soil characteristics were determined at 13 points along a 211 m transect in the former lake Texcoco. Geostatistical techniques were used to describe spatial patterns of the microbial community and soil characteristics and determine soil properties that defined the prokaryotic community structure.

Results

A high variability in electrolytic conductivity (EC) and water content (WC) was found. Euryarchaeota dominated Archaea, except when the EC was low. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria were the dominant bacterial phyla independent of large variations in certain soil characteristics. Multivariate analysis showed that soil WC affected the archaeal community structure and a geostatistical analysis found that variation in the relative abundance of Euryarchaeota was controlled by EC. The bacterial alpha diversity was less controlled by soil characteristics at the scale of this study than the archaeal alpha diversity.

Discussion

Results indicated that WC and EC played a major role in driving the microbial communities distribution and scale and sampling strategies were important to define spatial patterns.
Rosmarinic acid treatment during porcine oocyte maturation attenuates oxidative stress and improves subsequent embryo developmentin vitro
Authors: Zhang Yan , Guo Jing , Nie Xiao Wei , Li Zi Yue , Wang Yu Meng , Liang Shuang , Li Suo
Published: June 2019

Background

In vitromaturation (IVM) of oocytes has been widely used in the field of assisted reproductive technology. However, oocytes can be injured by oxidative stress during the process of IVM.

Methods

The present study was designed to evaluate the influences of rosmarinic acid (RA) on the IVM of porcine oocytes and the subsequent development of early-stage embryos as well as its underlying mechanisms. Various concentrations of RA (5 µM, 10 µM, and 25 µM) were treated with porcine oocyte maturation medium during the period of IVM.

Results and Discussion

The results showed that 5 µM RA treatment during the period of porcine oocyte IVM improves blastocyst quality and hatching ability after parthenogenetic activation. Furthermore, the presence of RA during the period of IVM dramatically improved the total number of cells after somatic cell nuclear transfer compared to the number of cells in the control group. Notably, RA treatment during the period of porcine oocyte IVM decreased intracellular reactive oxygen species generation not only in oocytes but also in cumulus cells. Further analysis showed that the intracellular free thiols levels in the oocytes were enhanced by treatment with RA during the period of porcine oocyte IVM compared to the free thiols levels in the control groups. These results indicate that RA improves the developmental competence of porcine oocytes during the IVM period by attenuating oxidative stress.
Socio-economic Factors Influencing Utilization of Forest Resources at Odoba Forest Reserve, Benue State, Nigeria
Authors: Shomkegh S. A. , Ancha P. U. , Onuche P.
Published: June 2019

Forest resource utilization poses a challenge to the balance between fragile ecosystems and impoverished populations. As population increases, the demand for forest resources and the resultant degradation are expected to increase. This study investigated the factors influencing utilization of forest resources in Odoba forest reserve. Probit regression model was used to assess the factors influencing utilization of forest resources in the reserve. Data was collected from 376 households using semi-structured questionnaire. The result of analysis shows that Age (β=0.006, (p<0.01), marital status (β = 0.157, p>0.05), household size (β=0.044, p<0.05) and years of residence (β=0.009, p<0.01) had positive significant influence on utilization of forest resources. However, education (β= -0.002, p<0.01) and income level (β= -7.69, p<0.01) had negative significant influence on utilization of forest resources from the reserve. There is need to invest in sensitization and training of households on commodity value chains which can boost income and reduce dependence on forests. Secondly, there is need for provision of low interest credit facilities to households for crop intensification. This will ensure that households have increased food supply and also increased crop residue to use as fuel wood instead of relying on the forests all-year-round as well as reducing expansion of agricultural land into forest demarcated areas. Youth and women development enterprise fund should be created by the government and made accessible as a positive approach towards development. Diversification of activities that can help generate income should be encouraged to avoid reliance on forest resources.
MAIT cells as attractive vaccine targets
Authors: Downey A. Michael , Kapłonek Paulina , Seeberger Peter H.
Published: June 2019

Mucosal‐associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are a subset of T cells that perform innate‐like immunity functions upon recognition of small molecule vitamin B metabolites presented by the MHC, class I‐related protein‐1 (MR1). MAIT cells are profuse in humans, but especially abundant in blood, liver, lungs, and mucosal layers. The mucosa is a common site of carcinogenesis and MAIT cells have been found in both primary and metastatic tumors. MAIT cells target a host of microbes including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica, Legionella longbeachae, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans, and are highly activated in viral infections. Cytokines produced by MAIT cells are both anticancerous and antibacterial, but also have proinflammatory and possibly tumorigenic properties. In addition, it is believed that MAIT cells play a protective role in viral infections in an MR1‐independent fashion. Based on our summary of recent advances concerning both MR1‐mediated and MR1‐independent MAIT cell immune responses, we weigh the strengths and weaknesses of these cells for vaccine development.
Characterizing mechanical and medical imaging properties of polyvinyl chloride‐based tissue‐mimicking materials
Authors: He Yaoyao , Qin Shengxue , Dyer Brandon A. , Zhang Hongbin , Zhao Lifen , Chen Tiao , Zheng Fenglian , Sun Yong , Shi Liting , Rong Yi , Qiu Jianfeng
Published: June 2019

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is a commonly used tissue‐mimicking material (TMM) for phantom construction using 3D printing technology. PVC‐based TMMs consist of a mixture of PVC powder and dioctyl terephthalate as a softener. In order to allow the clinical use of a PVC‐based phantom use across CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) imaging platforms, we evaluated the mechanical and physical imaging characteristics of ten PVC samples. The samples were made with different PVC‐softener ratios to optimize phantom bioequivalence with physiologic human tissue. Phantom imaging characteristics, including computed tomography (CT) number, MRI relaxation time, and mechanical properties (e.g., Poisson’s ratio and elastic modulus) were quantified. CT number varied over a range of approximately −10 to 110 HU. The relaxation times of the T1‐weighted and T2‐weighted images were 206.81 ± 17.50 and 20.22 ± 5.74 ms, respectively. Tensile testing was performed to evaluate mechanical properties on the three PVC samples that were closest to human tissue. The elastic moduli for these samples ranged 7.000–12.376 MPa, and Poisson’s ratios were 0.604–0.644. After physical and imaging characterization of the various PVC‐based phantoms, we successfully produced a bioequivalent phantom compatible with multimodal imaging platforms for machine calibration and image optimization/benchmarking. By combining PVC with 3D printing technologies, it is possible to construct imaging phantoms simulating human anatomies with tissue equivalency.