bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The association of smart mobile phone usage with cognitive function impairment in Saudi adult population
Authors: Al-Khlaiwi Thamir M. , Habib Syed Shahid , Meo Sultan Ayoub , Alqhtani Mohammed Saeed , Ogailan Abeer A.
Published: September 2020

Background & Objectives: Excessive use of mobile phones has raised a great concern about adverse health effects on human health. The present study’s aim was to investigate the association of the usage of smartphones with cognitive function impairment in the Saudi adult population.

Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia during September 2019 to January 2020. A total of 251 Saudi adults who were using mobile phones were recruited, and knowledge, attitude and practices were assessed by interview using a predesigned proforma. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) tool was employed to assess the cognitive functions, comparison was made between daily mobile phone usage group and their correlated Montreal Cognitive Score (MOCA).

Results: The mean age for 251 Saudi adult participants was 32.43±12.8 years. More than 80% of the participants used their mobile phone for more than two hours daily. About 61% of the participants were not aware of the side effect of the radiation generated from mobile phone. The participants showed a decrease in MOCA score with increased daily mobile phone usage (MOCA=26.8 for <1 hour daily usage, 26.1 for 1-2 hours, and 24.6 for >2 hours with P< 0.05). In addition, participants showed decreased MOCA score by keeping their mobile phone near their pillow while sleeping; MOCA=24.35 for near pillow groups and >25.5 for the groups that placed their mobile phone away from the pillow.

Conclusions: Excessive use of mobile phones can cause cognitive function impairment. Strict policies must be implemented to control the use of smartphones in order to minimize the effects on mobile phone radiation on cognition. The media has to be on the forefront in educating the public about the proper usage of mobile phones.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.7.2826

How to cite this:Al-khlaiwi TM, Habib SS, Meo SA, Alqhtani MS, Ogailan AA. The association of smart mobile phone usage with cognitive function impairment in Saudi adult population. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(7):1628-1633.  doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.7.2826

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Comparative study on the efficacy of peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis in patients with end-stage diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Xu Xiao-dong , Han Xue , Yang Yi , Li Xu
Published: September 2020

Objective: Diabetic nephropathy is a serious threat to human health, and its incidence is on the rise. End-stage diabetic nephropathy (ESDN) requires extra investigation due to its complexity and severity, as well as serious concurrent diseases. Our objective was to compare the efficacy of hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) in the treatment of ESDN.

Methods: Clinical data of 84 patients with ESDN admitted to our hospital from June 2016 to June 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into an HD group that received hemodialysis and a PD group that received peritoneal dialysis. Their general conditions, biochemical indicators, residual renal function and incidence of complications were recorded and compared between the two groups.

Results: (1) No significant difference in diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, body weight, or urine output was detected between the two groups at the beginning of dialysis (P>0.05). (2) Compared to the PD group, the HD group had significantly lower total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) (P<0.05), and significantly higher total protein (TP) and albumin (ALB) after treatment (P<0.05). (3) The two groups also showed significant difference in residual renal function after treatment (P<0.05). (4) The HD group had significantly higher systolic pressure than the PD group after treatment (P<0.05). And more cases of infection were observed in the PD group than the HD group (P<0.05).

Conclusion: Both HD and PD are used for treatment of ESDN, and can achieve similar calcium and phosphorus control. Compared to HD, PD has less adverse effect on hemodynamics and better preserves residual renal function, but is more likely to cause malnutrition and disorders of lipid metabolism. Therefore, choice of dialysis method should be based on specific conditions of each patient.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.7.2901

How to cite this:Xu XD, Han X, Yang Y, Li X. Comparative study on the efficacy of peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis in patients with end-stage diabetic nephropathy. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(7):1484-1489. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.7.2901

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Association of axillary node status with clinicopathological characteristics and expression of EZH2 and CD44 in primary breast ductal carcinoma
Authors: Djordjevic Miodrag , Karanikolic Aleksandar , Velickovic Ljubinka , Milentijevic Maja
Published: September 2020

Objective: In order to enhance the prognostic benefit of new molecular markers, the aim of this study was to identify possible association of axillary lymph node (ALN) status and pN with clinicopathological characteristics and expression of EZH2 and CD44 in invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the breast.

Methods: The investigation included 106 patients with IDC who had undergone radical mastectomy at the Clinic of Endocrine Surgery in Nis. Clinicopathologic parameters and immunohistochemical expression of EZH2 and CD44 in primary IDC were investigated in relation to ALN status and pN.

Results: Our univariate analysis established that Т3-Т4 stage, high EZH2, and high EZH2 with ER- were associated with ALN metastasis (p=0.014; 0.003; 0.013). Decreased probability for ALN involvement was found with Т1 stage, and low EZH2 with ER+ (p=0.032; 0.022). Multivariant analysis established that high EZH2 in cancer cells was associated with high risk for ALN metastases (p=0.004); T1 tumors were associated with low risk (p=0.037). Higher pN was associated with high EZH2, high EZH2 with ER-, as well as an advanced clinical and disease stage (p=0.006; 0.001; p=0.002, 0.001). Lower pN was associated with ER+, and ER+ with low EZH2 (p= 0.004; 0.012). CD44 was not associated with ALN involvement, nor with pN.

Conclusions: This study revealed association of EZH2 with ALN metastases, where disease stage and expression profiles of EZH2 and ER may have affected regional pN.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.7.2954

How to cite this:Djordjevic M, Karanikolic A, Velickovic L, Milentijevic M. Association of axillary node status with clinicopathological characteristics and expression of EZH2 and CD44 in primary breast ductal carcinoma. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(7):1539-1544.   doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.7.2954

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Mental health status and quality of life among Cambodian migrant workers in Thailand
Authors: Laohasiriwong Wongsa , Chamroen Pall , Samphors Sim , Rachutorn Thiwakorn , S. Dewey Rebecca , Pisey Vong
Published: September 2020

Background:  Migrant workers have become a major issue for Thailand. Most of the migrants are from Myanmar, Cambodia, and Laos. Most are employed in jobs referred to as the “3 Ds”; difficult, dangerous and dirty. However, little is known concerning the living and working conditions, or health-related quality of life of these migrant workers. This study aims to determine factors influencing the quality of life of Cambodian migrant workers in Thailand.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,211 Cambodian migrant workers in Thailand, using multistage random sampling from eight districts of the two provinces (Sa Kaeo and Surin) with a structured questionnaire interview. The WHOQOL-BREF was used to measure Quality of Life (QOL) with Cronbach’s alpha of 0.77. Mental health status was assessed using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D) scale with Cronbach’s alpha of 0.83. Descriptive statistics provide participant characteristics. Multilevel logistic regression (MLR) were used to determine which factors significantly impacted the outcome measures in terms of the adjusted odds ratio (AOR). P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: About one third of these migrant workers had a poor quality of life (34.52%; 95%CI: 31.84-37.20), and had moderate-to-high levels of stress (67.96%; 95%CI: 65.33-70.59), and symptoms of depression (69.69%; 95%CI: 67.10-72.29). After controlling other covariate factors, the factors associated with poor QOL were a high level perceived of stress (AOR=3.64; 95%CI: 2.41-5.49; p<0.001); living with family and relatives (AOR=3.63; 95%CI: CI 2.42-5.45; p<0.001); and housing being provided by their employer (AOR=2.66; 95%CI: 1.74-4.08; p<0.001).

Conclusion: Stress was strongly associated with QOL. The living environment was found to be the next most influential factor on QOL. Mental health programs aimed at helping migrant workers to cope with stress and to improve their living conditions will help improve QOL in the target group.
Control of T lymphocyte fate decisions by PI3K signaling
Authors: Murter Benjamin , Kane Lawrence P.
Published: September 2020

Virtually all aspects of T and B lymphocyte development, homeostasis, activation, and effector function are impacted by the interaction of their clonally distributed antigen receptors with antigens encountered in their respective environments. Antigen receptors mediate their effects by modulating intracellular signaling pathways that ultimately impinge on the cytoskeleton, bioenergetic pathways, transcription, and translation. Although these signaling pathways are rather well described at this point, especially those steps that are most receptor-proximal, how such pathways contribute to more quantitative aspects of lymphocyte function is still being elucidated. One of the signaling pathways that appears to be involved in this “tuning” process is controlled by the lipid kinase PI3K. Here we review recent key findings regarding both the triggering/enhancement of PI3K signals (via BCAP and ICOS) as well as their regulation (via PIK3IP1 and PHLPP) and how these signals integrate and determine cellular processes. Lymphocytes display tremendous functional plasticity, adjusting their metabolism and gene expression programs to specific conditions depending on their tissue of residence and the nature of the infectious threat to which they are responding. We give an overview of recent findings that have contributed to this model, with a focus on T cells, including what has been learned from patients with gain-of-function mutations in PI3K as well as lessons from cancer immunotherapy approaches.
On estimation in multilevel models with block circular symmetric covariance structure
Authors: Liang Yuli , Rosen Dietrich von , Rosen Tatjana von
Published: September 2020

In this article we consider a multilevel model with block circular symmetric covariance structure. Maximum likelihood estimation of the parameters of this model is discussed. We show that explicit maximum likelihood estimators of variance components exist under certain restrictions on the parameter space.
Bilinear generating relations for a family of q-polynomials and generalized basic hypergeometric functions
Authors: Purohit S. D. , Vyas V. K. , Yadav R. K.
Published: September 2020

In this paper, we derive a bilinear q-generating function involving basic analogue of Fox's H-function and a general class of q-hypergeometric polynomials. Applications of the main results are also illustrated.
Critical review of the evidence base regarding theories conceptualising the aetiology of psychosis
Authors: Riley Miv
Published: September 2020

A critical review of literature related to the aetiology of psychosis was conducted with specific emphasis on genetics. It was found that, although many published articles were retrieved via database searches, the format of the information was disparate in presentation leading to unnecessary inconsistences. This suggests the need for insightful collaboration by authors and standardisation of published articles to prevent academic and specialism barriers remaining as a discouragement to non-specialists wishing to access this information.
Teachers' Experiences, Attitudes, and Perceptions Towards Early Inclusion in Urban Settings
Authors: Kim Sunyoung , Cambray-Engstrom Elizabeth , Wang Jing , Kang Veronica Y. , Choi Youn-Jeng , Coba-Rodriguez Sarai
Published: September 2020

Given that inclusion benefits all children, it is important to understand why there are discrepancies in its implementation. Understanding teachers' views on inclusion may help identify ways to improve its implementation and prevent disparities. Although teachers' beliefs about inclusion have been widely explored, the beliefs and experiences of early childhood general and special education teachers in urban settings remain relatively understudied. This study explored early childhood educators' perceptions of inclusion in urban schools, using a mixed-method approach. The results from the qualitative focus group interviews (n = 13) reveal that most teachers have positive beliefs about inclusion and that there are specific benefits, challenges, and needs concerning early inclusion in urban settings. The analysis of the survey data (n = 36) shows differences in beliefs about inclusion among teachers of different ages and/or years of experience. Implications for research, policy, and practice are discussed.
Terahertz low-pass filter based on cascaded resonators formed by CPS bending on a thin membrane
Authors: Gomaa Walid , Smith Levi , Shiran Vahid , Darcie Thomas
Published: September 2020

A membrane-based coplanar-stripline (CPS) transmission-line platform has recently enabled implementation of diverse THz system-on-chip (TSoC) components. In this paper, we demonstrate an elliptic-function THz low-pass filter (TLPF) using cascaded λ/4 resonators between the right-angle bending of a CPS transmission line defined on a 1 μm-thin membrane. We investigated the effect of bending the CPS transmission line with different angles that introduces a frequency response similar to a simple LC low-pass filter (LPF) and facilitates the design of a desired roll-off performance using traditional methods. ANSYS HFSS was used to provide a full-wave analysis and characterize the effective parameters of the TLPF with a designed cutoff-frequency around 0.6 THz. Using 7 sections of right-angle CPS bending with total length 1.4 mm, we demonstrate experimentally an elliptic-function TLPF characterized by a low-ripple at passband, a roll-off transition with zero transmission near the cutoff frequency and a wide stopband with −60 dB rejection.
5 kHz single shot hybrid fs/ps-CARS thermometry in an atmospheric flame
Authors: Barros Joanna , Scherman Michael , Lin Elodie , Fdida Nicolas , Santagata Rosa , Attal-Tretout Brigitte , Bresson Alexandre
Published: September 2020

Single shot hybrid fs/ps-CARS spectroscopy of N2 is demonstrated at repetition rate up to 5 kHz using an amplified probe delivering a constant energy per pulse between 1 and 5 kHz. We performed 5 kHz CARS thermometry in a laminar CH4/air flame and in ambient air, with a precision under 0.5% at typical flame temperature, which is 2 times more precise and 5 times faster than previous state of the art with this technique. Temperature was measured during long acquisition times up to 100 s, making the system suitable to record signals in the 0.01-2500 Hz spectral window; in our case 10 Hz temperature oscillations were probed.
Reduction of laser intensity noise over 1 MHz band for single atom trapping
Authors: Wang Yu , Wang Kenneth , Fenton Eliot F. , Lin Yen-Wei , Ni Kang-Kuen , Hood Jonathan D.
Published: September 2020

We reduce the intensity noise of laser light by using an electro-optic modulator and acousto-optic modulator in series. The electro-optic modulator reduces noise at high frequency (10 kHz to 1 MHz), while the acousto-optic modulator sets the average power of the light and reduces noise at low frequency (up to 10 kHz). The light is then used to trap single sodium atoms in an optical tweezer, where the lifetime of the atoms is limited by parametric heating due to laser noise at twice the trapping frequency. With our noise eater, the noise is reduced by up to 15 dB at these frequencies and the lifetime of the atom in the optical tweezer is increased by an order of magnitude to around 6 seconds. Our technique is general and acts directly on the laser beam, expanding laser options for sensitive optical trapping applications.
One Pot Synthesis of Schiff Base Complexes of Cu(II), Zn(II), Ni(II), Co(II)
and their Cytotoxicity, Molecular Docking and Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Ashma A. , Sudha A. , Ashok Kumar S.L. , Sasikumar G. , Askar Ali S.J.
Published: September 2020

A novel Schiff base ligand (L), N(4)-cyclohexyl-2-(1-(5-chlorothiophen-2-yl)ethylidene)hydrazine
carbothioamide was synthesized from isothiocyanatocyclohexane and hydrazine. All the synthesized
transition metal(II) complexes were characterized by functional peak using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FT-IR,
UV-vis spectroscopy and metal complex atomic ratio of complexes of thiosemicarbazones were
characterized by elemental analysis. Schiff base and its metal(II) complexes were screened in vitro
medicinal drug activity against Gram positive and Gram-negative microorganisms and anti-cancer
activity against human carcinoma cell line MCF-7 was detected with nickel(II) and cobalt(II) complexes.
Further, the cytotoxity of ligand and its metal(II) complexes were tested on a Monkeys normal cell
line and found to be non-toxic (< 200 μg/mL). In the present work, the molecular mechanism of
anticancer (breast cancer) activity of the compounds were also disscussed.
Phytochemical Compounds and Antibacterial Inhibition Activity of Gel of Aloe vera L. var. chinensis Haw. Berg. of Vietnam
Authors: Viet Huong Do Thi , Trung Trieu Anh
Published: September 2020

In present study, eight compounds were isolated from the Aloe vera L. var. chinensis Haw. Berg. grown in Vietnam from the methanolic extract. The isolated compounds were elucidated for their structures on the basis of NMR spectroscopic data and found to aloe emodin, emodin, 2-hydroxy-1- methoxy-anthraquinone, 1,6-dihydroxy-2-methylanthraquinone, kaempferol 3-O-α-Larabinofuranoside, kaempferol 3-O-gentibioside, β-amyrin and ursolic acid. Antibacterial activity of Aloe vera gel extract showed strong effects on Gram-positive bacteria than Gram-negative stains, except Escherichia coli. At low concentration 50 μg/mL, the crude extract did not showed the inhibition. Four of the five Gram-positive bacteria were inhibited at 100 μg/mL of methanol extract. At 400 μg/mL, the maximum zone of inhibition was observed against Bacilluss pumilus (17 mm), Escherichia coli (15 mm), Sarcina lurtea (13 mm) and Vibrio cholera (12 mm).
Preparation and Characterization of Chitosan obtained from
Pacific White Shrimp Shells and its in vitro Antifungal Activity
Authors: Kuyyogsuy Arnannit
Published: September 2020

In this article, a method for the processing of chitosan from Pacific white shrimp shells is developed
which involves three steps viz. demineralization, deproteinization, and deacetylation. The samples of
chitosan with more than 90% degree of deacetylation (DD%) were obtained by FTIR. This indicated
that the current processing method of shrimp shells was beneficial for chitosan production. The
morphology of chitosan sample was determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). X-ray
diffraction (XRD) patterns exhibited two peaks of crystalline character approximately at 10º and 20º
(2θ). The effect of 0.1% (w/v) of chitosan on the growth of Penicillium digitatum was tested by an in
vitro assay and the results showed an almost complete inhibition (98% ± 0.56).
Adsorption of Cr(VI), Pb(II) Ions and Methylene Blue Dye from
Aqueous Solution using Pristine and Modified Coral Limestone
Authors: Nkutha C.S. , Shooto N.D. , Naidoo E.B.
Published: September 2020

This work reports the feasibility of using pristine and chemically modified coral limestones by acid
and base. Their potential adsorptive capabilities is probed by treatment of toxic Cr(VI), Pb(II) ions
and methylene blue in aqueous solution under different experimental parameters by batch method.
Parameters such as agitation time, concentration, temperature and pH were varied to understand the
sorption behaviour of the adsorbents in each case. The adsorbents were characterized by SEM, XRD
and FTIR. Morphological analysis by SEM micrographs show that the surface of all adsorbents was
irregular in nature. XRD spectra confirmed the orthorhombic structure of aragonite in the pristine
coral limestones (PCL), acid modified coral limestones (ACL) and base modified coral limestones
(BCL). FTIR results affirmed the presence of (CO3
2-) and (-C=O) groups of the carbonate ions and
Ca-O attachment to the surface of PCL and removal of CaCO3 characteristic peaks in ACL and BCL.
However, in the modified adsorbents shifting of Ca-O peaks occurred. The recorded maximum
adsorption capacities of PCL, ACL and BCL for Cr(VI) ions were 69.42, 65.04, 64.88 mg/g, Pb(II)
ions 39.36, 74.11, 78.34 mg/g and methylene blue 37.24, 46.28, 46.39 mg/g, respectively. The uptake
of Pb(II), Cr(VI) ions, methylene blue onto PCL fitted Freundlich model. Also the uptake of Cr(VI)
ions and methylene blue onto ACL and BCL fitted Freundlich isotherm. However, uptake of Pb(II)
ions onto both ACL and BCL fitted Langmuir isotherm. The data revealed that the adsorption of Pb(II)
ions onto PCL and ACL and methylene blue dye onto PCL was exothermic. Whilst the adsorption of
Cr(VI) ions onto PCL, ACL and BCL and methylene blue dye onto ACL and BCL were endothermic
in nature, hence increasing the temperature would enhance the uptake of Pb(II) ions onto BCL, Cr(VI)
ions onto ACL and BCL and methylene blue onto ACL and BCL. The obtained (ΔGº) values at all
studied temperatures for the adsorption of Pb(II), Cr(VI) ions and methylene blue onto PLC, ACL and
BCL indicated a spontaneous process.
Intrarectal Electromotive Botulinum Toxin Type A Administration in Children With Intractable Constipation: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Kajbafzadeh Abdol-Mohammad , Sharifi-Rad Lida , Nabavizadeh Behnam , Ladi-Seyedian Seyedeh-Sanam , Alijani Maryam , Farahmand Fatemeh , Motamed Farzaneh , Alimadadi Hosein , Fallahi Arash , Fallahi Gholam-Hossein
Published: September 2020

INTRODUCTION:

Children with refractory constipation might not respond to conventional medical treatments. In this study, we assessed the effectiveness of intrarectal botulinum toxin type A/electromotive drug administration (BoNTA/EMDA) on constipation in these children and compared its efficacy with routine intrasphincteric BoNTA injection.

METHODS:

From 2017 to 2019, 60 children aged 5–13 years who fulfilled Rome III criteria for intractable constipation were enrolled and randomly assigned into 2 treatment groups. EMDA group (n = 30) underwent BoNTA/EMDA, whereas the control group (n = 30) received injection of BoNTA into the internal anal sphincter. A complete bowel habit diary (with data on the frequency of defecation per week, stool form, and the number of fecal soiling episodes), a constipation score questionnaire, and a visual pain score were recorded before treatment and at 1 month and 6 months after treatment. In addition, children in both groups were assessed with a constipation-related quality of life questionnaire.

RESULTS:

After 1-month follow-up, treatment reduced the number of patients fulfilling the diagnostic criteria in both EMDA (24/30, 80%) and injection (25/30, 83.3%) groups (P < 0.001). The stool form was normalized in 73.3% (22/30) in EMDA group and 80% (24/30) in injection group after treatment. The median of constipation score and pain score decreased significantly in both groups after treatment (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively).

DISCUSSION:

BoNTA/EMDA seems to be as effective as intrasphincteric BoNTA injection for treatment of intractable constipation. In addition, this technique is associated with less comorbidity, is less costly, and can be performed in an office-based setting without general anesthesia.
Aplikasi Teori Kebutuhan Maslow dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab (Implementasi Pendekatan Humanistik)
Authors: Amalia Aam
Published: September 2020

This research aims to describe the humanistic approach in Arabic learning. The method used in this research is library research which data comes from various sources, both from libraries and various websites that exist on the internet. The source is books, encyclopedias, dictionaries, journals, documents, magazines, and others. The results of this study attempt to illustrate that a humanistic approach is an approach that helps learners to enjoy learning on the subject matter in developing the potential of students themselves in a better direction. The humanistic approach can be used in Arabic language education, Humanistic approach emphasizes guidance education, develops and directs student's basic potential in terms of cognitive, affective, and psychomotor.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan paradigma pendekatan humanistik dalam pembelajaran bahasa Arab. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode library research yang data-datanya berasal dari berbagai sumber,baik dari perpustakaan maupun berbagai website yang ada di internet meliputi buku,ensiklopedi, kamus, jurnal, dokumen, majalah, dan lain-lain. Hasil penelitian ini berusaha menggambarkan pendekatan humanistik merupakan sebuah pendekatan yang membantu peserta didik untuk senang belajar pada suatu objek atau materi pelajaran dalam mengembangkan potensi diri peserta didik ke arah yang lebih baik. Dengan demikian pendekatanhumanistik dapat digunakan dalam pembelajaran bahasa Arab. Pendekatan humanistik menekankan pada pendidikan membimbing, mengembangkan dan mengarahkan potensi dasar peserta didik baik dari segi kognitif, afektif, dan psikomotor.

Kata kunci: Teori Kebutuhan Maslow, Pendekatan Humanistik, Bahasa Arab.
« Avec les soucis que j’ai, c’est la nuit que ma tête travaille »
Authors: Cecconi Arianna
Published: September 2020

Cet article propose d’explorer le sommeil urbain en tant que sujet social, influencé par des représentations, des variations matérielles et environnementales, ainsi que par les inégalités sociales et de genre. Dormir se construit et se transmet à partir de « techniques de sommeil » (Mauss, 1936) et de conceptions liées au monde de la nuit, qui varient selon les contextes et les époques. Les interlocutrices principales de cette recherche sont des mères d’enfants en bas âge vivant dans le 15e arrondissement de Marseille. Leurs parcours croisent expériences migratoires et expériences de la maternité dans un contexte urbain précaire, souvent propice à l’isolement. Elles doivent apprendre à dormir à leurs enfants et peuvent se retrouver prises entre différentes représentations et savoirs, sources de malentendus et d’incertitudes. La nuit, pour elles, n’est ni l’espace-temps du travail, ni celui du loisir, ni celui du sommeil.
Entrevista com Leonardo Rigoldi Bonjardim
Authors: Alcalde Murilo Priori , Bonjardim Leonardo Rigoldi
Published: September 2020

Graduado em Odontologia pelo Centro Universitário da Fundação Educacional de Barretos (UNIFEB, 1997). » Especialista em DTM e Dor Orofacial, Conselho Federal de Odontologia. » Mestre em Odontologia, área de concentração em Fisiologia Oral (FOP/UNICAMP, 2000-2001). » Doutor em Odontologia, área de concentração em Fisiologia Oral (FOP/UNICAMP, 2002-2004). » Pós-doutorado em Ciências Odontológicas Aplicadas (FOB/USP, 2011). » Professor Associado (Livre-Docente) da Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru-SP (FOB/USP). » Professor e orientador de Mestrado e Doutorado no Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Odontológicas Aplicadas (FOB/USP). » Bolsista Produtividade em Pesquisa CNPq (PQ 2). » Membro da Diretoria (Secretário) da Sociedade Brasileira de Disfunção Temporomandibular e Dor Orofacial (SBDOF).
Aplicação de um novo software de TCFC com filtros específicos para redução de artefatos: série de casos
Authors: Bueno Mike R. , Estrela Carlos , Azevedo Bruno C. , Diogenes Anibal
Published: September 2020

Introdução: As obturações dos canais radiculares e os pinos intrarradiculares geralmente produzem artefatos de contraste branco e possíveis alterações volumétricas nas imagens de tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC). Esses artefatos, induzidos pela maior densidade dos materiais obturadores de canais radiculares, cimentos para colocação de coroa e pinos intracanais, podem potencialmente levar a interpretações incorretas, interferindo no diagnóstico de um volume adquirido de TCFC, principalmente na avaliação de potenciais fraturas e perfurações radiculares. Objetivos: Avaliar em seis casos clínicos os efeitos positivos e negativos dos artefatos de contraste branco no diagnóstico de fraturas radiculares, perfurações radiculares e cimentação de restaurações de porcelana. Métodos: O software e-Vol DX, que possui filtros específicos para redução de artefato de contraste (BAR, Blooming Artifact Reduction), foi usado para melhorar o valor diagnóstico dos volumes adquiridos de TCFC. Conclusões: O em- prego do software e-Vol DX para a reconstrução de imagens de TCFC melhorou a visualização das estruturas anatômicas e reduziu os artefatos. A visualização aprimorada de da- dos nas imagens pode auxiliar na identificação de detalhes essenciais que, em conjunto com os achados clínicos, são úteis para uma correta estruturação do diagnóstico.
Prevalência de dor odontogênica em um serviço de pronto-atendimento odontológico público do Sul do Brasil
Authors: Dalabilia Valeria , Gambin Diego José , De-Carli João Paulo , Zanette Fabiane
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: Identificar as principais causas de dor odontogênica que levam à busca pelo atendimento no Serviço de Pronto Atendimento Odontológico (SPAO) da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF), que funciona junto ao Hospital São Vicente de Paulo e está ligado ao Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo epidemiológico transversal e retrospectivo, baseado em dados de prontuários odontológicos de pacientes atendidos entre novembro de 2016 e outubro de 2017. Os dados foram analisados buscando-se a prevalência das diversas origens de dor odontogênica dos pacientes atendidos no período: pulpar (pulpite reversível, pulpite irreversível, necrose); periapical (pericementite, abscesso periapical); ou periodontal (periodontite, abscesso periodontal). Além disso, foi catalogada a conduta realizada durante os atendimentos de urgência. Resultados: Ao todo, foram analisados 1.275 prontuários. Desses, 868 pacientes (68,1%) apresentavam dor ao atendimento. Dos pacientes que relataram dor, 62,3% apresentavam dor odontogênica pulpar; 11,1%, dor periapical; e 12,2%, dor periodontal. A conduta mais adotada para tratamento da dor foi a terapia com analgésicos e/ou antibióticos (21,0% dos casos), seguida por acessos endodônticos (18,7%) e exodontias (17,9%). Conclusão: No serviço de pronto atendimento analisado, prevaleceram os casos de dor de origem pulpar. Os resultados obtidos contribuem para o desenvolvimento de estratégias de controle da dor odontogênica, bem como para a melhoria dos protocolos clínicos adotados na faculdade em questão.
Influência do tipo de cimento endodôntico na adesão de pinos de fibra de vidro: revisão de literatura
Authors: Soares Maria José Mayara de Oliveira , Silva Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal , Ferreira Nádia de Souza
Published: September 2020

Introdução: Pinos de fibra de vidro são bastante utilizados quando dentes tratados endodonticamente apresentam grande perda estrutural e necessitam de suporte para a sua reconstrução coronária. A completa adesão do pino à parede do canal radicular é fundamental para o sucesso dessa restauração. Resíduos de cimento endodôntico que permanecem nas paredes dentinárias, mesmo após o preparo para a cimentação, podem interferir negativamente na sua adesão e contribuir para o seu deslocamento. Objetivo: O objetivo da presente revisão de literatura foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes cimentos endodônticos e o tempo decorrido entre a obturação e a cimentação do pino na resistência de união entre o pino e a parede do canal radicular. Métodos: Essa revisão de literatura incluiu 21 estudos que analisaram a influência de cimentos endodônticos na adesão de pinos de fibra de vidro, entre os quais 9 acrescentaram a variável tempo na sua análise, com pinos cimentados logo após a obturação do canal radicular e dias após a obturação. Resultados: Os dentes obturados com cimentos à base de resina demonstraram maior resistência ao deslocamento dos pinos durante os testes. Parece haver uma predominância de menores valores de adesão quando os pinos são cimentados imediatamente após a obturação com cimentos contendo eugenol. Conclusões: Os tipos de cimento endodôntico e o período entre a obturação e a cimentação do pino podem afetar a força de ligação entre a parede do canal radicular e o pino de fibra de vidro.
Tratamento endodôntico de segundo molar inferior com presença de canal mesiomediano: relato de caso
Authors: Figueiredo Victor Couto , Cortês Maria Ilma de Souza , Nunes Eduardo , Amaral Rodrigo Rodrigues
Published: September 2020

Introdução: A identificação de possíveis variações anatômicas é decisiva para o correto diagnóstico e planejamento da terapia endodôntica. Objetivo: Relatar o tratamento endodôntico de um dente #37, no qual foi identificado um terceiro canal na raiz mesial (canal mesio-mediano, CMM). Caso clínico: Dente #37 com diagnóstico de pulpite irreversível sintomática, foi encaminhado para realizar tratamento endodôntico. Durante o acesso coronário, e com auxílio de microscópio operatório (MO), foram identificadas trincas coronárias. Foi solicitada uma tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC), a partir da qual foi descartada a presença de trinca radicular. A TCFC possibilitou, também, identificar a presença de um terceiro canal na raiz mesial, localizado entre os canais mesiovestibular e mesiolingual. O tratamento endodôntico foi executado pelo sistema reciprocante WaveOne GOLD. A solução irrigadora de escolha para o preparo químico-mecânico foi o hipoclorito de sódio a 5,25%. Imediatamente antes da obturação, os canais foram irrigados com EDTA a 17%, para auxiliar na remoção da smear layer e, em seguida, foi realizada nova irrigação com hipoclorito de sódio a 5,25%. Os canais foram secos com pontas de papel absorvente e obturados pela técnica de onda contínua de condensação. Resultados: Os canais radiculares do dente #37 foram devidamente instrumentados e obturados. A paciente não apresentou qualquer sintomatologia pós-operatória, sendo encaminhada para a reabilitação protética final. Conclusão: A TCFC e o microscópio operatório foram decisivos para o correto planejamento do caso, tanto em relação à trinca observa- da quanto à detecção do canal mesiomediano.
Vukovar as example of multiethnic and divided city
Authors: Jagodar Josip
Published: September 2020

Vukovar is the city in the East Croatia on the border with the Republic of Serbia. In the paper I attempt to show the development of the city, the composition of its population and the relationships between ethnic groups from establishing of Vukovar until the beginning of the Homeland war in 1991. The paper presents the history of the Croat majority and the minorities which were, and which are, present in the city: the Germans, Hungarians, Serbs, Rusyns, Ukrainians, Yews and the Slovaks. From the beginning Vukovar was a multicultural, multiethnic and multiconfessional city thanks to migrations which were present since its establishing, in which the Croats were the majority. After the WWI a large number of Serbs immigrated into this area. The political situation gave them benefits which earlier belonged to Germans and Hungarians. They gained power to rule the city. It became the source of constant tensions between the Serbian and Croatian population in the period of Yugoslavia (1918-1941) and during the WWII (1941-1944). Although the communist Yugoslav authorities were trying to pacify interethnic differences, the escalation of nationalisms brought about the siege and the capture of Vukovar in 1991 by the Serbian troops.
Knowing in interaction: An introduction
Authors: Grzech Karolina , Schultze-Berndt Eva , Bergqvist Henrik
Published: September 2020

This article provides an introduction for the collection of methodologically oriented papers comprising this Special Issue. We define the concept of epistemicity as used in descriptive linguistics and discuss notions related to it – some well-established, some more recent – such as evidentiality, egophoricity, epistemic authority and engagement. We give a preliminary overview of the different types of epistemic marking attested in the languages of the world and discuss the recent developments in the field of epistemic research focussing on methodologies for investigating epistemic marking. In the second part of the paper, we focus on the more practical side of epistemic fieldwork; the types of data that can be used in documenting linguistic expressions of epistemicity and best practices for data collection. We discuss the experimental methods that are used in the description of epistemic systems, both those developed for this particular purpose and those adapted from other types of linguistic research. We provide a critical evaluation of those materials and stimuli and discuss their advantages and disadvantages. Finally, we introduce the contributions to the Special Issue, discussing the languages studied by the authors of the contributions and the fieldwork methods they used in their research.
Swedish modal particles as markers of engagement: Evidence from distribution and frequency
Authors: Bergqvist Henrik
Published: September 2020

The paper analyses the Swedish modal particlesjuandvälas markers of engagement. This analysis finds support in the distribution and frequency ofjuandvälin a corpus of spoken Swedish along with an examination of existing accounts concerning the semantics of the investigated forms. Engagement encodes differences in the distribution of knowledge and/or attention between the speaker and the addressee, where the basic semantic contrast consists of the speaker asserting an assumption about the addressee’s knowledge of/attention to an event as either shared, or non-shared with the speaker.Juandvälare paradigmatically contrastive in signaling shared access to an event from the point of view of the speaker, or the addressee:jusignals shared access to an event and at the same time places the epistemic authority with the speaker, andvälsignals shared access to an event, placing the epistemic authority with the addressee. Analytical support forjuandvälas markers of engagement comes from the distribution of both forms with first person (jag), second person (du), and generic (man) subject pronouns.
Mineralogy, mineral chemistry and thermobarometry of post-mineralization dykes of the Sungun Cu–Mo porphyry deposit (Northwest Iran)
Authors: Kamali Amin Allah , Moayyed Mohsen , Amel Nasir , Mohammad Fadaeian , Brenna Marco , Saumur Benoit M. , Santos José Francisco
Published: September 2020

The Sungun copper–molybdenum porphyry deposit is located in the north of Varzaghan, northwestern Iran. The Sungun quartz-monzonite is the oldest mineralized intrusive body in the region and was emplaced during the Early Miocene. Eight categories of the late and unmineralized dykes, which include quartz diorite, gabbrodiorite, diorite, dacite, microdiorite and lamprophyre (LAM), intrude the ore deposit. The main mineral phases in the dykes include plagioclase, amphibole and biotite, with minor quartz and apatite and secondary chlorite, epidote, muscovite and sericite. The composition of plagioclase in the quartz diorite dykes (DK1a, DK1b and DK1c) varies from albite-oligoclase to andesine and oligoclase to andesine; in the diorite, it varies from andesine to labradorite; in the LAM, from albite to oligoclase; and in the microdiorite (MDI), it occurs as albite. Amphibole compositions are consistent with classification as hornblende or calcic amphibole. Based on their AlIV value (less than 1.5), amphibole compositions are consistent with an active continental margin affinity. The average percentage of pistacite (P
s) in epidotes formed from alteration of plagioclase and ferromagnesian minerals is 27–23% and 25–30%, respectively. Thermobarometric studies based on amphibole and biotite indicate approximate dyke crystallization temperature of 850–750℃, pressure of 231–336 MPa and high fO2 (>nickel-nickel-oxide buffer). The range of mineral compositions in the postmineralization dyke suite is consistent with a genetic relationship with the subduction of the Neotethys oceanic crust beneath the continental crust of the northwest part of the Central Iranian Structural Zone. Despite the change from calc-alkaline to alkaline magmatism, the dykes are likely related to the late stages of magmatic activity in the subduction system that also generated the porphyry deposit.
Ground state solutions for nonlinear fractional Kirchhoff–Schrödinger–Poisson systems
Authors: Wang Li , Han Tao , Cheng Kun , Wang Jixiu
Published: September 2020

In this paper, we study the existence of ground state solutions for the following fractional Kirchhoff–Schrödinger–Poisson systems with general nonlinearities:

{

(

a
+
b

[
u
]

s
2

)

 

(

−
Δ

)

s

u
+
u
+
ϕ

(
x
)

u
=

(

|
x
|

−
μ

∗
F

(
u
)

)

f

(
u
)

in
 

ℝ
3

 
,

(

−
Δ

)

t

ϕ

(
x
)

=

u
2

in
 

ℝ
3

 
,

$$\left\{\begin{array}{ll}\left(a+b{\left[u\right]}_{s}^{2}\right)\,{\left(-{\Delta}\right)}^{s}u+u+\phi \left(x\right)u=\left({\vert x\vert }^{-\mu }\ast F\left(u\right)\right)f\left(u\right)\hfill & \mathrm{in}\text{\ }{\mathrm{ℝ}}^{3}\,\text{,}\hfill \\ {\left(-{\Delta}\right)}^{t}\phi \left(x\right)={u}^{2}\hfill & \mathrm{in}\text{\ }{\mathrm{ℝ}}^{3}\,\text{,}\hfill \end{array}\right.$$

where

[
u
]

s
2

=

∫

ℝ
3

|

(

−
Δ

)

s
2

u

|

2

 
d
x
=

∬

ℝ
3

×

ℝ
3

|

u

(
x
)

−
u

(
y
)

|

2

|

x
−
y

|

3
+
2
s

 
d
x
d
y
 
,

$${\left[u\right]}_{s}^{2}={\int }_{{\mathrm{ℝ}}^{3}}{\vert {\left(-{\Delta}\right)}^{\frac{s}{2}}u\vert }^{2}\,\mathrm{d}x={\iint }_{{\mathrm{ℝ}}^{3}{\times}{\mathrm{ℝ}}^{3}}\frac{{\vert u\left(x\right)-u\left(y\right)\vert }^{2}}{{\vert x-y\vert }^{3+2s}}\,\mathrm{d}x\mathrm{d}y\,\text{,}$$

s
,
t
∈

(

0
,
1

)

$s,t\in \left(0,1\right)$

with

2
t
+
4
s
>
3
,
0
<
μ
<
3
−
2
t
,

$2t+4s{ >}3,0{< }\mu {< }3-2t,$

f
:

ℝ
3

×
ℝ
→
ℝ

$f:{\mathrm{ℝ}}^{3}{\times}\mathrm{ℝ}\to \mathrm{ℝ}$

satisfies a Carathéodory condition and (−Δ)
s
is the fractional Laplace operator. There are two novelties of the present paper. First, the nonlocal term in the equation sets an obstacle that the bounded Cerami sequences could not converge. Second, the nonlinear term f does not satisfy the Ambrosetti–Rabinowitz growth condition and monotony assumption. Thus, the Nehari manifold method does not work anymore in our setting. In order to overcome these difficulties, we use the Pohozǎev type manifold to obtain the existence of ground state solution of Pohozǎev type for the above system.
Comparing Actions and Lessons Learned in Transportation and Logistics Efforts for Emergency Response to Hurricane Katrina and Hurricane Harvey
Authors: Collier John , Balakrishnan Srijith , Zhang Zhanmin
Published: September 2020

Over the past years, the frequency and scope of disasters affecting the United States have significantly increased. Government agencies have made efforts in improving the nation’s disaster response framework to minimize fatalities and economic loss due to disasters. Disaster response has evolved with the emergency management agencies incorporating systematic changes in their organization and emergency response functions to accommodate lessons learned from past disaster events. Technological advancements in disaster response have also improved the agencies’ ability to prepare for and respond to natural hazards. The transportation and logistics sector has a primary role in emergency response during and after disasters. In this light, this paper seeks to identify how effective policy changes and new technology have aided the transportation and logistics sector in emergency response and identify gaps in current practices for further improvement. Specifically, this study compares and contrasts the transportation and logistical support to emergency relief efforts during and after two major Hurricane events in the U.S., namely Hurricane Katrina (which affected New Orleans in 2005) and Hurricane Harvey (which affected Houston in 2017). This comparison intends to outline the major steps taken by the government and the private entities in the transportation and logistics sector to facilitate emergency response and the issues faced during the process. Finally, the paper summarizes the lessons learned from both the Hurricane events and provides recommendations for further improvements in transportation and logistical support to disaster response.
Semiconductor quantum plasmons for high frequency thermal emission
Authors: Vasanelli Angela , Todorov Yanko , Dailly Baptiste , Cosme Sébastien , Gacemi Djamal , Haky Andrew , Sagnes Isabelle , Sirtori Carlo
Published: September 2020

Plasmons in heavily doped semiconductor layers are optically active excitations with sharp resonances in the 5–15 μm wavelength region set by the doping level and the effective mass. Here, we demonstrate that volume plasmons can form in doped layers of widths of hundreds of nanometers, without the need of potential barrier for electronic confinement. Their strong interaction with light makes them perfect absorbers and therefore suitable for incandescent emission. Moreover, by injecting microwave current in the doped layer, we can modulate the temperature of the electron gas. We have fabricated devices for high frequency thermal emission and measured incandescent emission up to 50 MHz, limited by the cutoff of our detector. The frequency-dependent thermal emission is very well reproduced by our theoretical model that let us envision a frequency cutoff in the tens of GHz.
Response of phytoplankton to heavy pollution of water bodies
Authors: Shevchenko Tatyana , Klochenko Peter , Nezbrytska Inna
Published: September 2020

Phytoplankton structure was studied in five ponds (located in the Oleksandriya Nature Park, Ukraine), which significantly differed in the level of their contamination. The concentration of ammonium (NH4
+-N) in the studied water bodies was 0.02–74.00 mg l−1, of nitrite (NO2
−-N) – 0.002–1.750 mg l−1, nitrate (NO3
−-N) – 0.13–58.00 mg l−1, inorganic compounds of phosphorus (Pinorg) – 0.041–0.160 mg l−1, chloride (Cl−) – 35.4–560.5 mg l−1, whereas the content of organic matter (PO and DO) – 4.4–10.4 and 18.0–81.0 mg O l−1, respectively. It has been found that the response of phytoplankton to heavy pollution consisted in changes in its species richness, taxonomic structure, species composition, quantitative indices, numbers and biomass structure, dimensional structure, pigment index, dominant complex, as well as changes in its ecological spectrum. Individual divisions of algae differed in their response to heavy pollution of water bodies, which was conditioned by the specificity of algae metabolism. Bacillariophyta and Cyanoprokaryota proved to be more sensitive to contamination, whereas Chlorophyta and Euglenophyta – more tolerant. The obtained data can be used to monitor the status of water bodies and their biota and to determine the type and intensity of contamination.