bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА КАК ОДНА ИЗ СОСТАВЛЯЮЩИХ ОБУЧЕНИЯ НАУЧНОМУ СТИЛЮ НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ ЯЗЫКА СПЕЦИАЛЬНОСТИ В ВОЕННОМ ВУЗЕ
Authors: Bichenok Lyudmila
Published: May 2020

Исследование посвящено организации самостоятельной работы иностранных специалистов в военном вузе при обучении русскому языку. Целью статьи является подготовка средств управления самостоятельной работой с учетом выполнения поставленных задач, а именно: определение роли самостоятельной работы как одной из составляющих обучения научному стилю речи; изучение лингводидактического описания внутренней организации военно-научного текста как информационной основы формирования общего блока речевой профессиональной компетенции; отбор текстового материала и разработка учебно-тренировочной и диагностико-обучающей систем заданий в четко выраженной иерархической последовательности; создание эффективных механизмов интенсивной подготовки с использованием современных компьютерных технологий и других факторов, стимулирующих мотивационный интерес обучающихся к речевому общению и организации собственной речи. Автор подчеркивает, что в качестве средства формирования интегрированного фонда знаний, умений и навыков, необходимых для речевого профессионального общения, избрана комплексная работа с военно-научным текстом. В статье предлагаются практические рекомендации по овладению текстовой деятельностью как под руководством преподавателя, так и в самостоятельной работе, способствующей индивидуализации обучения, самоуправлению речемыслительным интеллектуально-познавательным процессом.

This article is dedicated to the arrangement of independent work of foreign students of a military higher education institution when teaching Russia. The purpose of the article is the development of means of control of independent work and the fulfillment of the following tasks: to determine the role of student’s independent work as one of the components of training in the scientific style of speech, the study of the linguo-didactic description of the internal organization of the military scientific text as the information ground for the formation of the general unit of speech professional competence; the selection of texts and the development of both the educational training system and the diagnostic teaching system of tasks in a clear hierarchical sequence; the creation of effective intensive training means with the use of modern computer-aided technologies and other factors, which stimulate students’ motivation in communication and development of personal speech. The author lays emphasis on the fact that that the complex work with military scientific texts was chosen as the tool for the formation of integrated fund of knowledge and skills, which are necessary for professional verbal communication. The article provides practical recommendations on mastering of text activity both with the help of a lecturer and in terms of independent work, which contributes to a more independent learning process and self-management of a speech-thinking and intellectual-cognitive process.
ЧУВАШСКИЙ ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИЙ РАБФАК В СИСТЕМЕ ПОДГОТОВКИ УЧИТЕЛЬСКИХ КАДРОВ ЧУВАШИИ В 1930-е гг.
Authors: Efimov Lev
Published: May 2020

Статья посвящена деятельности Чувашского педагогического рабфака, функционировавшего в 1930-1941 гг. в составе педагогического института г. Чебоксары. Особое внимание в ней уделено вопросам организации этого учреждения, постановки учебно-воспитательной работы в нем и материально-технической базы. Показан вклад педагогического рабфака в подготовку рабоче-крестьянской молодежи для поступления в вуз. Установлено, что за 11 лет функционирования (1930-1941 гг.) Чувашский педрабфак подготовил около 500 человек для поступления в Чувашский педагогический институт и стал важным источником пополнения вуза автономной республики абитуриентами. В 1930-е гг. он внес значительный вклад в развитие системы подготовки национальных учительских кадров для школ Чувашии.

The article is devoted to the activity of the Chuvash Pedagogical Rabfak, which functioned in 1930-1941 as part of the Cheboksary Pedagogical Institute. It pays special attention to the organization of pedrabfak, educational work, material and technical base of the institution, shows its contribution to the preparation of workers’- and peasants’ youth for entering the institute. It has been established that during 11 years of its operation (1930-1941) the Chuvash pedrabfak trained about 500 people for admission to the Chuvash Pedagogical Institute and provided the institute of the autonomous republic with applicants. In the 1930s, it made a significant contribution to the development of the system of training of national teachers for schools of Chuvashia.
ДИАЛОГ В ГРУППОВЫХ АККАУНТАХ (НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ СЕТЕЙ FACEBOOK, INSTAGRAM, VK)
Authors: Ilmaz-Ledeneva Talina
Published: May 2020

Данная статья посвящена рассмотрению особенностей общения в групповых аккаунтах в социальных сетях. На современном этапе коммуникация осуществляется при помощи социальных сетей, в которых процесс общения включает взаимодействие людей и затрагивает механизмы их сознания. В статье подчеркивается, что групповые аккаунты выходят на рынок коммерции и реализуют потребительский спрос и предложение при помощи креолизованного текста и диалога с пользователями. Новизна работы заключается в разделении группового общения на виды аккаунтов, которые преследуют разные цели и используют разные лексемы. Автором рассмотрены особенности диалоговой формы общения выделяемых видов и различные языковые единицы, употребляемые участниками диалогов социальных сетей. Социальная сеть как пространство для осуществления коммуникации представляет собой огромное поле взаимодействия людей в условиях необходимости достижения поставленных целей с использованием для этого одного аккаунта.

This article is devoted to the peculiarities of the dialogue in group accounts in social networks. At the present stage, communication is carried out with the help of social networks in which the process of communication includes the interaction of people and the mechanisms of their consciousness. The article emphasizes that group accounts are becoming a part of commercial market and implement consumer demand and offer by means of creolized texts and a dialogue among account users. The innovation of the presented work lies in the division of group communication into types of accounts that pursue different goals and use different tokens. The author considers the features of the dialogue form of communication of the discussed types and different language units employed by social network users. A social network as communication space is a huge field of interaction for people to achieve their goals with one account.
ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИЕ УСЛОВИЯ РАЗВИТИЯ КОМПЕТЕНЦИИ СОЦИАЛЬНОГО ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЯ В АРХИТЕКТУРНО-СТРОИТЕЛЬНОМ ВУЗЕ
Authors: Tazieva Zarina , Galimzyanova Ilkhamia
Published: May 2020

Охарактеризованы подходы к пониманию сущности понятия «компетенция социального взаимодействия» и его компонентов, представленных в работах различных авторов: философов, социологов, психологов, педагогов. Проведен анализ структуры данной компетенции, включающей совокупность компонентов, обеспечивающих эффективное социальное взаимодействие в учебной деятельности и будущей профессии. Цель настоящего исследования - выявление педагогических условий эффективного формирования у студентов архитектурно-строительного вуза компетенции социального взаимодействия в условиях профессиональной подготовки.

The article characterizes the approaches to understanding the essence of the concept of competence of social interaction and its components which can be found in philosophical, sociological, psychological, pedagogical works; analyzes the structure of the discussed competence, which includes a set of components that ensure effective social interaction in educational activity and future profession. The purpose of the current study is to identify pedagogical conditions for effective formation of social interaction competence at students of the university of architecture and engineering in the context of professional training.
К ВОПРОСУ О ПОНЯТИИ ЦИФРОВОЙ ГРАМОТНОСТИ
Authors: Eltsova Olga , Emelyanova Marina
Published: May 2020

В настоящей статье автором рассматривается вопрос о цифровой грамотности. Изучаются роль цифровой грамотности в современном обществе, история возникновения понятия. Приводятся ведущие определения и подходы к структуре понятия «цифровая грамотность». Рассмотрены основные компоненты цифровой грамотности, определена необходимость формирования цифровой грамотности на всех уровнях образования. Сделан вывод о том, что цифровая грамотность - важнейший навык, необходимый для успеха в XXI веке, наравне с умениями критически мыслить, вести коммуникацию, сотрудничать, решать проблемы.

This article addresses the issue of digital literacy; considers the role of digital literacy in modern society, the origin of the concept; provides the key definitions and approaches to the structure of digital literacy. The article also considers the main components of digital literacy, determines the need to develop digital literacy at all the levels of education; concludes that digital literacy is the most important skill for being successful in the 21st century along with the ability of critical thinking, communication, cooperation and problem solving.
Massage in the treatment of pain syndromes with cervicobrachialgia
Authors: Eremushkin M.A. , Gusarova S.A. S.A. , Styazhkina E.M.
Published: May 2020

The article highlights the basic principles of massage usage in patients with cervicobrachialgia with for pain syndrome relief and movement restoration. We found differences in regional blood circulation reaction and the neuromuscular system response in the affected limb responding to main massage techniques (rubbing and kneading), that makes possible differentiated methodological approach to massage procedures. In patients with muscle-tonic and neurodystrophic clinical manifestations, it is preferable to use a kneading technique in massage procedure. In the presence of vascular manifestations or moderate pain syndrome, the massage procedure can involve both rubbing and kneading. Revealed therapeutic effects, good tolerance for massage is an important evidence for its use as treatment method in patients with cervicobrachialgia, improving patient’s quality of life.
Virtual reality in the correction of pain syndrome in patients with degenerative-dystrophic joints and spine diseases
Authors: Kotelnikova A.V. , Pogonchenkova I.V. , Daminov V.D. , Kukshina A.A. , Lazareva N.I.
Published: May 2020

Musculoskeletal system diseases require active motor rehabilitation, as a rule, but presence of severe pain syndrome might become a barrier, leading to the development of kinesiophobia and reducing motivation for treatment in patients. In recent decades, non-invasive methods of pain control, in particular virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) have been commonly used on a par with drug therapy. The purpose of this study is to provide a scientific base for the effectiveness of including a high-tech VR device (Vive Focus Plus EEA Virtual Reality Helmet), in to psychological rehabilitation of a pain syndrome in patients with chronic degenerative-dystrophic diseases of major joints and spine. The study involved 84 patients (24 men and 60 women aged 56±14.4) of a rehabilitation hospital with a severe pain syndrome and motor disorders corresponding to ICF Class 1 or 2. To analyse the characteristics of the subjective pain perception, the method of multidimensional semantic description based on the adapted Russian version of the McGill Pain Questionnaire was applied, and the Tampa Scale was used to kinesiophobia assessment. The VR technology was implemented via usage of the Vive Focus Plus EEA Virtual Reality Helmet tool (10 procedures). The effectiveness of using VR technology was evaluated through monitoring of pain dynamics and the kinesiophobia level prior to the study onset and at the end of hospitalization. As a result, the study has shown that there was no nosological specificity in the description of pain, or the differences in its verbal characteristics representing nociceptive and neuropathic components. Technology of ‘virtual immersion in 3D reality’ makes it possible to influence effectively on pathophysiological mechanisms links in the development of chronic psychologically determined, neuropathic and mixed-origin pain.
The Hawaii Infrared Parallax Program. IV. A Comprehensive Parallax Survey of L0–T8 Dwarfs with UKIRT
Authors: Best William M. J. , Liu Michael C. , Magnier Eugene A. , Dupuy Trent J.
Published: May 2020

We present parallaxes, proper motions, and J-band photometry for 348 L and T dwarfs measured using the wide-field near-infrared camera WFCAM on the United Kingdom Infrared Telescope. This is the largest single batch of infrared parallaxes for brown dwarfs to date. Our parallaxes have a median uncertainty of 3.5 mas, similar to most previous ground-based infrared parallax surveys. Our target list was designed to complete a volume-limited parallax sample of L0–T8 dwarfs out to 25 pc spanning declinations −30° to +60° (68% of the sky). We report the first parallaxes for 165 objects, and we improve on previous measurements for another 53 objects. Our targets include 104 objects (mostly early-L dwarfs) having Gaia DR2 parallax measurements with which our parallaxes are consistent. We include an extensive comparison of previous literature parallaxes for L and T dwarfs with both our results and Gaia DR2 measurements, identifying systematic offsets for some previous surveys. Our parallaxes confirm that 14 objects previously identified as wide common proper motion companions to main-sequence stars have distances consistent with companionship. We also report new

photometry for our targets, including the first measurements for 193 of our targets and improvements over previously published

photometry for another 60 targets. Altogether, our parallaxes will enable the first population studies using a volume-limited sample spanning spectral types L0–T8 defined entirely by parallaxes.
Finding Strong Gravitational Lenses in the DESI DECam Legacy Survey
Authors: Huang X. , Storfer C. , Ravi V. , Pilon A. , Domingo M. , Schlegel D. J. , Bailey S. , Dey A. , Gupta R. R. , Herrera D. , Juneau S. , Landriau M. , Lang D. , Meisner A. , Moustakas J. , Myers A. D. , Schlafly E. F. , Valdes F. , Weaver B. A. , Yang J. , Yèche C.
Published: May 2020

We perform a semi-automated search for strong gravitational lensing systems in the 9000 deg2 Dark Energy Camera Legacy Survey (DECaLS), part of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument Legacy Imaging Surveys. The combination of the depth and breadth of these surveys are unparalleled at this time, making them particularly suitable for discovering new strong gravitational lensing systems. We adopt the deep residual neural network architecture developed by Lanusse et al. for the purpose of finding strong lenses in photometric surveys. We compile a training sample that consists of known lensing systems in the Legacy Surveys and the Dark Energy Survey as well as non-lenses in the footprint of DECaLS. In this paper we show the results of applying our trained neural network to the cutout images centered on galaxies typed as ellipticals in DECaLS. The images that receive the highest scores (probabilities) are visually inspected and ranked. Here we present 335 candidate strong lensing systems, identified for the first time.
Protoplanetary Disks in the Orion Nebula Cluster: Gas-disk Morphologies and Kinematics as Seen with ALMA
Authors: Boyden Ryan D. , Eisner Josh A.
Published: May 2020

We present Atacama Large Millimeter Array CO(3 − 2) and HCO+(4 − 3) observations covering the central 1.′5 × 1.′5 region of the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC). The unprecedented level of sensitivity (∼0.1 mJy beam−1) and angular resolution (∼0.″09 ≈ 40 au) of these line observations enable us to search for gas-disk detections toward the known positions of submillimeter-detected dust disks in this region. We detect 23 disks in gas: 17 in CO(3 − 2), 17 in HCO+(4 − 3), and 11 in both lines. Depending on where the sources are located in the ONC, we see the line detections in emission, in absorption against the warm background, or in both emission and absorption. We spectrally resolve the gas with 0.5 km s−1 channels and find that the kinematics of most sources are consistent with Keplerian rotation. We measure the distribution of gas-disk sizes and find typical radii of ∼50–200 au. As such, gas disks in the ONC are compact in comparison with the gas disks seen in low-density star-forming regions. Gas sizes are universally larger than the dust sizes. However, the gas and dust sizes are not strongly correlated. We find a positive correlation between gas size and distance from the massive star θ
1 Ori C, indicating that disks in the ONC are influenced by photoionization. Finally, we use the observed kinematics of the detected gas lines to model Keplerian rotation and infer the masses of the central pre-main-sequence stars. Our dynamically derived stellar masses are not consistent with the spectroscopically derived masses, and we discuss possible reasons for this discrepancy.
Atacama Compact Array Measurements of the Molecular Mass in the NGC 5044 Cooling-flow Group
Authors: Schellenberger Gerrit , David Laurence P. , Vrtilek Jan , O’Sullivan Ewan , Lim Jeremy , Forman William , Sun Ming , Combes Francoise , Salome Philippe , Jones Christine , Giacintucci Simona , Edge Alastair , Gastaldello Fabio , Temi Pasquale , Brighenti Fabrizio , Bardelli Sandro
Published: May 2020

The fate of cooling gas in the centers of galaxy clusters and groups is still not well understood, as is also the case for the complex processes of triggering star formation in central dominant galaxies, reheating of cooled gas by active galactic nuclei (AGN), and the triggering or “feeding” of supermassive black hole outbursts. We present CO observations of the early-type galaxy NGC 5044, which resides at the center of an X-ray bright group with a moderate cooling flow. For our analysis we combine CO(2−1) data from the 7 m antennae of the Atacama Compact Array (ACA) and the ACA total power array (TP). We demonstrate, using the 7 m array data, that we can recover the total flux inferred from IRAM 30 m single-dish observations, which corresponds to a total molecular mass of about 4 × 107
M
⊙. Most of the recovered flux is blueshifted with respect to the galaxy rest frame and is extended on kiloparsec-scales, suggesting low filling factor dispersed clouds. We find eight concentrations of molecular gas out to a radius of 10″ (1.5 kpc), which we identify with giant molecular clouds. The total molecular gas mass is more centrally concentrated than the X-ray emitting gas, but is extended in the northeast-southwest direction beyond the IRAM 30 m beam. We also compare the spatial extent of the molecular gas to the Hα emission: The CO emission coincides with the very bright Hα region in the center. We do not detect CO emission in the fainter Hα regions. Furthermore, we find two CO absorption features spatially located at the center of the galaxy, within 5 pc projected distance of the AGN, infalling at 255 and 265 km s−1 relative to the AGN. This indicates that the two giant molecular clouds seen in absorption are most likely within the sphere of influence of the supermassive black hole.
A Broadband X-Ray Study of a Sample of AGNs with [O iii] Measured Inclinations
Authors: Zhao X. , Marchesi S. , Ajello M. , Baloković M. , Fischer T.
Published: May 2020

In modeling the X-ray spectra of active galactic nuclei (AGNs), the inclination angle is a parameter that can play an important role in analyzing the X-ray spectra of AGNs, but it has never been studied in detail. We present a broadband X-ray spectral analysis of the joint Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array-XMM-Newton observations of 13 sources with [O iii] measured inclinations determined by Fischer et al. By freezing the inclination angles at the [O iii] measured values when modeling the observations, the spectra are well fitted, and the geometrical properties of the obscuring structure of the AGNs are slightly better constrained than those fitted when the inclination angles are left free to vary. We also test if one could freeze the inclinations at other specific angles in fitting the AGN X-ray spectra as has been commonly done in the literature. We find that one should always let the inclination angle be free to vary in modeling the X-ray spectra of AGNs, while fixing the inclination angle at [O iii] measured values and fixing the inclination angle at 60° also present correct fits of the sources in our sample. Correlations between the covering factor and the average column density of the obscuring torus with respect to the Eddington ratio are also measured, suggesting that the distribution of the material in the obscuring torus is regulated by the Eddington ratio, which is in agreement with previous studies. In addition, no geometrical correlation is found between the narrow line region of the AGN and the obscuring torus, suggesting that the geometry might be more complex than what is assumed in the simplistic unified model.
Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter Cutoff Point for Detection of Increased Intracranial Pressure in the Emergency Department
Authors: Ussahgij Wanatchaporn , Toonpirom Wipada , Munkong Waranon , Lenghong Kamonwon , Apiratwarakul Korakot
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND: Ultrasound of the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) is one of the most widely used noninvasive methods of screening for high intracranial pressure.
AIM: This study aimed to measure the ONSD and to find the appropriate cutoff point to indicate increased intracranial pressure.
METHODS: We examined 93 participants over 18 years of age with abnormal neurologic signs or symptoms and took computerized tomography (CT) scans of their brains. We measured the ONSD through ultrasound with the head positioned at 30°. We also used a linear array probe to measure the ONSD in the position after connecting the eyeball 3 mm.
RESULTS: The average of the ONSD at each side was 4.76 mm (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.65–4.87) in the normal CT scan group and 5.33 mm (95% CI: 5.13–5.33) in the abnormal CT scan (indicating high intracranial pressure) group. An ONSD cutoff point of 5.0 mm yielded 74.14% sensitivity and 49.22% specificity. The positive predictive value was 0.38 and negative predictive value was 0.82.
CONCLUSION: The ONSD in the abnormal CT scan group was greater than in the normal CT scan group, and an ONSD of 5.0 mm can be used as a cutoff point for detecting increased intracranial pressure.
Observations on the oviposition of Blythia reticulata (Blyth, 1854) with new distributional records from Mizoram State, NE India
Authors: Biakzuala Lal , Lalremsanga Hmar Tlawmte , Laltlanchhuaha Hrahsel , Barman Binoy Kumar
Published: May 2020

The poorly known semi-fossorial snake Blythia reticulata is a small, oviparous, worm-eating species found in northeastern India and neighboring countries. Here we report on multiple new distribution localities that extend the known geographic range of the species. In addition, we provide new information on the reproductive biology of the species based on egg-laying behavior data from a captive gravid B. reticulata from Mizoram. The simultaneous presence of a second clutch of eight eggs in the oviduct of the female indicates the capacity of the species to exhibit multiple matings and egg clutches during a single reproductive season.
Aire de famille : un espace pour soutenir et protéger l’éco-système des interactions affectives de la triade père-mère-bébé
Authors: Van der Borght Frédéric
Published: May 2020

Dans des situations de grande détresse relevant de l’enfance en danger, la mission d’un centre parental Aire de famille est d’accueillir, d’héberger et d’accompagner de manière intensive sur les plans psychique et social, des couples avec leur bébé dès la période prénatale. Il associe soutien à la conjugalité et soutien à la parentalité, avec un accompagnement vers l’insertion sociale et professionnel. Il favorise un travail en réseau s’appuyant sur la dynamique familiale et favorisant la protection du tissage de premiers liens père-mère-bébé. Le centre parental Aire de famille met la force des liens affectifs, l’alliance du couple et le partenariat parents-professionnels au cœur de la prévention précoce et de la protection de l’enfance. Ce dispositif s’avère très protecteur et émancipateur pour l’enfant et ses parents.
Bundled Consent in US Intensive Care Units
Authors: Espinosa Maria L. , Tannenbaum Aaron M. , Kilaru Megha , Stevens Jennifer , Siegler Mark , Howell Michael D. , Parker William F.
Published: May 2020

Background

Bundled consent, the practice of obtaining anticipatory consent for a predefined set of intensive care unit procedures, increases the rate of informed consent conversations and incorporation of patients’ wishes into medical decision-making without sacrificing patients’ or surrogates’ understanding. However, the adoption rate for this practice in academic and nonacademic centers in the United States is unknown.

Objective

To determine the national prevalence of use of bundled consent in adult intensive care units and opinions related to bundled consent.

Methods

A random sample of US hospitals with medical/surgical intensive care units was selected from the AHA [American Hospital Association] Guide. One intensive care unit provider (bedside nurse, nurse manager, or physician) from each hospital was asked to self-reportuse of per-procedure consent versus bundled consent, consent rate for intensive care unit procedures, and opinions about bundled consent.

Results

Of the 238 hospitals contacted, respondents from 100 (42%) completed the survey; 94% of respondents were nurses. The prevalence of bundled consent use was 15% (95% CI, 9%–24%). Respondents using per-procedure consent were more likely than those using bundled consent to self-report performing invasive procedures without consent. Users of bundled consent unanimously recommended the practice, and 49% of respondents using per-procedure consent reported interest in implementing bundled consent.

Results

Bundled consent use is uncommon in academic and nonacademic intensive care units, most likely because of conflicting evidence about the effect on patients and surrogate decision makers. Future work is needed to determine if patients, family members, and providers prefer bundled consent over per-procedure consent.
Immunoistochemical Expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 in Bone Marrow Biopsies of Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Romano Francesco , Giannone Antonino Giulio , Siragusa Sergio , Porcasi Rossana , Florena Ada Maria
Published: May 2020

Haematological and non-haematological malignancies are able to escape the host immune by the capacity to hijack the immune check-points [...]
An Intelligent Surgery Information System Using RFID for Internet of Things
Authors: Hung Lun-Ping , Tang Shen-Yuan , Chen Chien-Liang , Yang Shih-Yang
Published: May 2020

The Internet of Things (IoT) enables new hospital information system by using RFID technology. It becomes the key mechanism for IoT. RFID technology is not only help us to identify doctors, nurses or patients in the hospital information system, but also track doctors, nurses or patients in the hospital. More and more data is being collected into the system in order to achieve an intelligent information system. In this study, we develop an intelligent surgery information system to reduce writing errors caused by human negligence and reduce nurse’s and physician’s workload and elevate the quality of patient care. The study was conducted at a medical center located in northern Taiwan. Through the establishment of the proposed intelligent surgery information system, documents used in surgeries are eliminated and are recorded in computers. The intelligent surgery information system combines HIS, PACS and LIS to assist medical personnel to import patient’s clinical records, imaging reports, inspection reports and other relevant information before, during and after surgery. We propose the record, re-check, report and reference, the 4R checking mechanism as the core concept of the development of the proposed intelligent surgery information system. The checking mechanism can automatically view the completion of medical record, and maintain a high degree of integrity if the records are incomplete. After launching the system one and half year, we conduct a questionnaire survey and collect data from nurses and physicians who use this system. The survey was designed to measure the successfulness of the intelligent surgery information system. Questions focused on three broad areas: information quality, system quality, and users’ satisfaction. The results confirmed a high degree of satisfaction among users. According to the feedback, it shows that the system should improve the function of automatic saving on regular basis.
Penetration of Monrovia Surgeonfish Acanthurus monroviae (Perciformes: Acanthuridae) to the Black Sea
Authors: Boltachev Alexander , Karpova Evgeniia
Published: May 2020

The Monrovia Surgeonfish Acanthurus monroviae Steindachner, 1876 is reported for the first time in the Black Sea off the southwestern coast of Crimea (44°29.5ʹN; 33°35.5ʹЕ). The single specimen was caught by the commercial trap net on September 19, 2018; its standard length was 195 mm. The most realistic version of its occurrence is the self-penetration of this specimen into the Black Sea from the Mediterranean Sea. Over the past 20 years, twelve fish species that had not previously been met in the Black Sea were registered near the southwestern coast of Crimea.
Electronic Gambling Machines Outside Casinos: An Environmental Study of Risk Factors in Gambling Venues
Authors: Chrétien Maxime , Goulet Annie , Fortin-Guichard Daniel , Castonguay Joanne , Derguy Sophie , Hamel Stéphanie , Jacques Christian , Nadeau Dominic , Giroux Isabelle
Published: May 2020

Electronic gambling machine (EGM) licenses are meant to be a complementary revenue source for liquor establishments. Considering this, retailers with more than one license to operate EGMs may benefit from promoting their gambling offer, which may in turn facilitate excessive gambling behaviours. This study compares establishments that possess a single license to operate EGMs with those that are multi-licensed regarding four environmental risk factors: advertisements, automated teller machines, isolated gambling area, and EGM operating hours. A field observation was carried out by seven pairs of observers in 166 establishments in Capitale-Nationale de Quebec (QC), Canada. In each establishment, observers had to complete an observational grid on an iPod touch to gather environmental data related to the identified variables. Results from the stepwise logistic regression show that being a multi-licensed establishment increases the chance of having longer operating hours and displaying non-regulated advertisements that promote gambling. Multi-licensed establishments tend to offer a more attractive gambling environment, which may increase the risk of excessive gambling. Reinforcement of regulations for responsible gambling is discussed.RésuméPour les établissements ayant un permis d’alcool, posséder une licence d’exploitation d’appareils de jeux électroniques (AJE) se traduit par un revenu complémentaire. De ce fait, les détaillants ayant plus d’une licence d’exploitation d’AJE peuvent tirer parti de la promotion de leur offre de jeu, ce qui, en retour, peut encourager des comportements de jeu excessifs. Cette étude compare les établissements qui détiennent une seule licence d’exploitation d’AJE avec ceux qui en détiennent plusieurs en tenant compte de quatre facteurs de risque environnementaux : la publicité, les guichets automatiques, la zone de jeu isolée et les heures d’exploitation des AJE. Une observation sur le terrain a été effectuée par sept paires d’observateurs dans 166 établissements de Capitale-Nationale de Québec (QC), Canada. Dans chaque établissement, ils ont recueilli des données environnementales liées aux variables identifiées qu’ils ont compilées dans une grille d’observation sur un iPod touch. Les résultats du modèle logistique utilisant la régression séquentielle montrent que le fait, pour un établissement, d’avoir plusieurs licences augmente la possibilité de prolonger les heures d’exploitation et d’afficher des publicités non réglementées qui font la promotion du jeu. Les établissements ayant plusieurs licences ont tendance à offrir un environnement de jeu plus attrayant, ce qui peut accroître le risque de jeu excessif. Un resserrement des règles pour une réglementation responsable du jeu est à l’étude.
Citizens’ Perceptions of Gambling Regulation Systems: A New Meaning-Based Approach
Authors: Lerkkanen Tuulia , Egerer Michael , Alanko Anna , Järvinen-Tassopoulos Johanna , Hellman Matilda
Published: May 2020

This study fills a gap in gambling research by inquiring into the ways in which people make sense of their country’s gambling policy as a comprehensive logic with interrelated facets. Nineteen focus group interviews were conducted with 88 persons in Helsinki, Finland. The interview protocol involved discussion stimuli and tasks. The study participants expressed the view that the public image and function of gambling provision involves a great deal of contradictory elements. Even though the existing monopoly system was given approval in terms of yielding funding to good causes, the interviewees were still critical of how the monopoly system worked when it comes to advertising, availability, and customer loyalty programs. A core dilemma identified was whether the system aims to prevent gambling-related problems or whether it does, in fact, promote gambling consumption. If skilfully executed, the study method can be fruitful for discerning core logical inconsistencies in the gambling regulation systems of other countries as well.RésuméL’étude comble une lacune dans la recherche sur les jeux de hasard en s’interrogeant sur la manière dont les gens perçoivent la politique de jeu de leur pays en tant que modèle logique complet avec facettes interdépendantes. On a effectué dix-neuf entrevues dans des groupes de discussion regroupant 88 personnes à Helsinki, en Finlande. Le protocole d’entrevue comportait des points de discussion et des tâches. Les participants à l’étude ont exprimé l’opinion voulant que l’image publique et la fonction de l’offre de jeu comprennent beaucoup d’éléments contradictoires. Même si le système de monopole existant avait l’approbation du public en raison du soutien financier apporté à de bonnes causes, les personnes interrogées étaient tout de même critiques à l’égard du monopole et de son fonctionnement en ce qui concerne la publicité, l’offre et les programmes de fidélisation des clients. On a relevé un important dilemme, à savoir si le système visait à prévenir les problèmes de jeu ou s’il favorisait en fait la consommation de jeux. Habilement appliquée, la méthode d’étude peut servir à démontrer les incohérences logiques fondamentales dans les systèmes de réglementation de jeux de hasard d’autres pays également.
A Review of Sports Wagering: Prevalence, Characteristics of Sports Bettors, and Association with Problem Gambling
Authors: Winters Ken C , Derevensky Jeffrey L
Published: May 2020

Given significant technological advances, the U.S. Supreme Court ruling in 2018 permitting U.S. states to offer and regulate sports wagering, and multiple international governments already regulating and licensing sports wagering operators, sports wagering will likely continue to grow exponentially. This expanding landscape of sports wagering may pose public health problems. This literature review provides a description of our current knowledge of sports gambling behaviour among adults, adolescents, and athletes, including prevalence rates and factors associated with problem gambling sports bettors. We highlight new issues that are surfacing, particularly the interaction between online betting, sports viewing, live betting, mobile technology, and sports fantasy gambling. We also address future research directions, including the need for longitudinal studies to clarify factors that contribute to the onset and maintenance of sports-related problem gambling, to examine the impact of major league sports leagues and professional teams that partner with gambling operators and casinos on gambling behaviour, and the need to assess public policy and treatment approaches.RésuméCompte tenu des progrès technologiques importants, de la décision rendue par la Cour suprême des États-Unis en 2018 autorisant les États américains à proposer et à réglementer les paris sportifs et des multiples réglementations gouvernementales internationales les autorisant, les paris sportifs continueront probablement de croître de manière exponentielle. Or, ce domaine de paris sportifs en pleine expansion peut poser des problèmes de santé publique. Cet examen de la littérature contient une description de nos connaissances actuelles sur le comportement au jeu sportif chez les adultes, les adolescents et les athlètes, notamment les taux de prévalence et les facteurs associés aux parieurs sportifs du jeu problématique. Nous mettons en lumière des problèmes émergents, notamment l’interaction entre les paris en ligne, l’écoute de joutes sportives, les paris en direct, la technologie mobile et les jeux de hasard fantastiques. Y sont également abordés l’orientation des recherches futures, notamment la nécessité d’études longitudinales visant à clarifier les facteurs qui contribuent aux débuts et à la poursuite du jeu compulsif lié au sport, un examen de l’impact sur le comportement de jeu des collaborations entre des ligues sportives majeures et des équipes professionnelles et des opérateurs de jeux et des casinos, ainsi que les secteurs d’intérêt concernant les politiques publiques et le traitement.
Perbandingan Kadar Glukosa Pada Ubi Jalar Ungu (Ipomoea batatas Var Ayamurasaki) Menggunakan Metode Luff Schoorl
Authors: Reymon Reymon , Daud Nur Saadah , Alvianty Feny
Published: May 2020

ABSTRAK

Asupan makanan yang mengandung kadar glukosa tinggi perlu diperhatikan untuk mengurangi risiko penyakit degeneratif seperti diabetes mellitus. Hal ini dapat diatasi dengan mengkonsumsi pangan karbohidrat rendah seperti umbi-umbian seperti ubi jalar ungu(Ipomoea batatasVar Ayamurasaki).Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar glukosa yang terdapat pada ubi jalar ungu rebus, kukus, bakar dan goreng. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimen. Sampel ubi jalar ungu diolah dengan cara direbus, kukus, bakar dan goreng. Sampel yang telah diolah dianalisis kadar glukosanya dengan menggunakan metode Luff Schoorl secara triplo. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua perlakuan mengandung kadar glukosa dengan tingkat yang berbeda pada sampel ubi jalar ungu rebus, kukus, bakar dan goreng berturut-turut yaitu 3,30%, 4,92%, 7,72%, dan 7,36%. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan kadar glukosa terendah diperoleh dari sampel ubi jalar ungu rebus.

 

Kata kunci : Glukosa, Ubi jalar ungu, Luff Schoorl

 

ABSTRACT

Intake of foods containing high glucose levels needs to be considered to reduce the risk of degenerative diseases such as diabetes mellitus. This can be overcome by consuming low carbohydrate foods such as tubers such as purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas Var Ayamurasaki).This study aims to determine the glucose levels found in boiled, steamed, roasted and fried purple sweet potatoes. The method used is an experiment. The sample of purple sweet potato is processed by boiling, steaming, roasting and frying. Samples that have been processed are analyzed for glucose levels using the Luff Schoorl method in triple. Based on research results showed that all treatments contained glucose levels with different levels in the samples of purple sweet potato boiled, steamed, roasted and fried respectively at 3.30%, 4.92%, 7.72%, and 7.36%. So that it can be concluded that the lowest glucose level was obtained from a sample of boiled purple sweet potato.

 Keywords: Glucose, purple sweet potato, Luff Schoorl
Exploring wintertime regional haze in northeast China: role of coal and biomass burning
Authors: Zhang Jian , Liu Lei , Xu Liang , Lin Qiuhan , Zhao Hujia , Wang Zhibin , Guo Song , Hu Min , Liu Dantong , Shi Zongbo , Huang Dao , Li Weijun
Published: May 2020

Abstract. As one of the intense anthropogenic emission regions across the relatively
high-latitude (>40∘ N) areas on Earth, northeast
China faces the serious problem of regional haze during the heating period of
the year. Aerosols in polluted haze in northeast China are poorly
understood compared with the haze in other regions of China such as the North
China Plain. Here, we integrated bulk chemical measurements with single-particle analysis from transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoscale
secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS), and atomic force microscopy
(AFM) to obtain morphology, size, composition, aging process, and sources of
aerosol particles collected during two contrasting regional haze events
(Haze-I and Haze-II) at an urban site and a mountain site in northeast
China and further investigated the causes of regional haze formation.
Haze-I evolved from moderate (average PM2.5: 76–108 µg m−3) to
heavy pollution (151–154 µg m−3), with the dominant PM2.5
component changing from organic matter (OM) (39–45 µg m−3) to
secondary inorganic ions (94–101 µg m−3). Similarly, TEM
observations showed that S-rich particles internally mixed with OM (named S-OM)
increased from 29 % to 60 % by number at an urban site and 64 %
to 74 % at a mountain site from the moderate Haze-I to heavy Haze-I events,
and 75 %–96 % of Haze-I particles included primary OM. We found that change
of wind direction caused Haze-I to rapidly turn into Haze-II (185–223 µg m−3) with predominantly OM (98–133 µg m−3) and
unexpectedly high K+ (3.8 µg m−3). TEM also showed that K-rich particles
internally mixed with OM (named K-OM) increased from 4 %–5 % by
number to 50 %–52 %. The results indicate that there were different sources
of aerosol particles causing the Haze-I and Haze-II formation: Haze-I was
mainly induced by accumulation of primary OM emitted from residential coal
burning and further deteriorated by secondary aerosol formation via
heterogeneous reactions; Haze-II was caused by long-range transport of
agricultural biomass burning emissions. Moreover, abundant primary OM
particles emitted from coal and biomass burning were considered to be one
typical brown carbon, i.e., tar balls. Our study highlights that large
numbers of light-absorbing tar balls significantly contribute to winter haze
formation in northeast China and they should be further considered in
climate models.
Wetter environment and increased grazing reduced the area burned in northern Eurasia: 2002–2016
Authors: Hao Wei Min , Reeves Matthew C. , Baggett L. Scott , Balkanski Yves , Ciais Philippe , Nordgren Bryce L. , Petkov Alexander , Corley Rachel E. , Mouillot Florent , Urbanski Shawn P. , Yue Chao
Published: May 2020

Abstract. Northern Eurasia is highly sensitive to climate change. Fires in this region can have significant impacts on regional air quality, radiative forcing and black carbon deposition in the Arctic to accelerate ice melting. Using a MODIS-derived burned area data set, we report that the total annual area burned in this region declined by 53 % during the 15-year period of 2002–2016. Grassland fires dominated the trend, accounting for 93 % of the decline of the total area burned. Grassland fires in Kazakhstan contributed 47 % of the total area burned and 84 % of the decline. Wetter climate and increased grazing are the principle driving forces for the decline. Our findings: 1) highlight the importance of the complex interactions of climate-vegetation-land use in affecting fire activity, and 2) reveal how the resulting impacts on fire activity in a relatively small region such as Kazakhstan can dominate the trends of burned areas across a much larger landscape of northern Eurasia. Our findings may be used to improve the prediction of future fire dynamics and associated fire emissions in northern Eurasia.
Spectral albedo measurements over snow-covered slopes: theory and slope effect corrections
Authors: Picard Ghislain , Dumont Marie , Lamare Maxim , Tuzet François , Larue Fanny , Pirazzini Roberta , Arnaud Laurent
Published: May 2020

Abstract. Surface albedo is an essential variable to determine the Earth's surface energy budget, in particular for snow-covered areas where it is involved in one of the most powerful positive feedback loops of the climate system. In situ measurements of broadband and spectral albedo are therefore common. However they are subject to several artefacts. Here we investigate the sensitivity of spectral albedo measurements to surface slope, and we propose simple correction algorithms to retrieve the intrinsic albedo of a slope from measurements, as if it were flat. For this, we first derive the analytical equations relating albedo measured on a slope to intrinsic direct and diffuse albedo, the apportionment between diffuse and direct incoming radiation, and slope inclination and aspect. The theory accounts for two main slope effects. First, the slope affects the proportion of solar radiation intercepted by the surface relative to that intercepted by the upward-looking, horizontal, sensor. Second, the upward- and downward-looking sensors receive reduced radiation from the sky and the surface respectively and increased radiation from neighbouring terrain. Using this theory, we show that (i) slope has a significant effect on albedo (over 0.01) from as little as a ≈1∘ inclination, causing distortions of the albedo spectral shape; (ii) the first-order slope effect is sufficient to fully explain measured albedo up to ≈15∘, which we designate “small-slope approximation”; and (iii) for larger slopes, the theory depends on the neighbouring slope geometry and land cover, leading to much more complex equations. Next, we derive four correction methods from the small-slope approximation, to be used depending on whether (1) the slope inclination and orientation are known or not, (2) the snow surface is free of impurities or dirty, and (3) a single or a time series of albedo measurements is available. The methods applied to observations taken in the Alps on terrain with up to nearly 20∘ slopes prove the ability to recover intrinsic albedo with a typical accuracy of 0.03 or better. From this study, we derive two main recommendations for future field campaigns: first, sloping terrain requires more attention because it reduces the measurement accuracy of albedo even for almost invisible slopes (1–2∘). Second, while the correction of the slope effect is possible, it requires additional information such as the spectral diffuse and direction partitioning and if possible the actual slope inclination and aspect, especially when the absence of impurities can not be assumed.