bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Leaf Potassium Content on Growth Dynamics of Muskmelon and Developing a Coupling Model of Nitrogen and Potassium
Authors: Yang Xiaofeng , Chen Lianzhu , Cao Ming , Zhang Xuebin , Li Shaopeng
Published: August 2019

Nitrogen and potassium are two crucial nutrient elements that affect the yield and quality of crops. The aim of this study was to quantify the impacts of potassium on growth dynamics and quality of muskmelon, so as to optimize potassium management for muskmelon in a plastic greenhouse, and develop a coupling model of nitrogen and potassium. For this purpose, four experiments (two experiments with different levels of potassium treatment and planting dates, and the other two experiments with different ratios of nitrogen and potassium, and planting dates) on muskmelon (Cucumis melo L. ‘Nanhaimi’ and ‘Xizhoumi 25’) were conducted in a plastic greenhouse located at Sanya from Jan. 2014 to Sept. 2015. The quantitative relationship between leaf potassium content and growth dynamics and yield of muskmelon was determined and incorporated into a photosynthesis-driven crop growth model (SUCROS). Independent experimental data were used to validate the model. The critical leaf potassium content at the flowering stage for muskmelon ‘Nanhaimi’ and ‘Xizhoumi 25’ were 55.0 and 46.0 mg·g−1. The result showed that the coefficient of determination (r2) between the predicted and measured values of leaf area index (LAI), direct weight of shoot (DWSH), direct weight of stem (DWST), dry weight of leaf (DWL), dry weight of fruit (DWF), fresh weight of fruit (FWF), soluble sugar content (SU), soluble protein content (PR), vitamin C (Vc), and soluble solids content (SO) of potassium model were 0.93, 0.98, 0.83, 0.96, 0.98, 0.99, 0.94, 0.94, 0.89, 0.85, and 0.90, respectively; and the relative root-mean-squared error (rRMSE) were 10.8%, 19.6%, 30.3%, 21.1%, 11.9%, 17.2%, 13.9%, 27.8%, 20.6%, and 10.1%, respectively. The two ways of nitrogen and potassium coupling (multiplicative coupling and minimum coupling) were compared, and the multiplicative coupling was used in model development finally. The r2 between the predicted and measured values of LAI, DWSH, DWST, DWL, DWF, FWF, SU, PR, Vc, and SO of nitrogen and potassium coupling model were 0.78, 0.91, 0.93, 0.94, 0.83, 0.89, 0.92, 0.95, 0.91, and 0.93, respectively; and their rRMSE were 9.2%, 12.4%, 11.8%, 43.2%, 6.6%, 7.2%, 6.85%, 4.98%, 6.61%, and 4.35%, respectively. The models could be used for the optimization of potassium, nitrogen, and potassium coupling management for muskmelon production in a plastic greenhouse.
A Simple and Cost-effective Approach for Salt Tolerance Evaluation in Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) Seedlings
Authors: Ravelombola Waltram , Qin Jun , Weng Yuejin , Mou Beiquan , Shi Ainong
Published: August 2019

Little has been done with respect to breeding for salt-tolerant cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) cultivars despite of salt stress being a growing threat to cowpea production. Seedling stage is one the most susceptible stages to salt stress in cowpea. Establishing a streamlined methodology for rapidly screening a large number of genotypes will significantly contribute toward enhancing cowpea breeding for salt tolerance. Therefore, the objective of this study was to establish and validate a simple approach for salt tolerance evaluation in cowpea seedlings. A total of 30 genotypes including two controls (PI582468, a salt-tolerant genotype, and PI255774, a salt-sensitive genotype) were greenhouse-grown under 0 mm and 200 mm NaCl. A total of 14 above-ground traits were evaluated. Results revealed: (1) significant differences were observed in average number of dead plants per pot, leaf injury scores, relative salt tolerance (RST) for chlorophyll, plant height, and leaf and stem biomass among the 30 genotypes; (2) all PI255774 plants were completely dead, whereas those of PI582438 were fully green after 2 weeks of salt stress, which validated this methodology; (3) RST for chlorophyll content was highly correlated with number of dead plants and leaf injury scores; (4) RST for leaf biomass was moderately correlated with number of dead plants and leaf injury scores; and (5) RST in plant height was poorly correlated with number of dead plants and leaf injury scores Therefore, less number of dead plants per pot, high chlorophyll content, and less leaf injury scores were good criteria for salt tolerance evaluation in cowpea. This study provided a simple methodology and suggested straightforward criteria to evaluate salt tolerance at seedling stage in cowpea.
Phytophthora Species Associated with Plants in Constructed Wetlands and Vegetated Channels at a Commercial Plant Nursery Over Time
Authors: Ridge Garrett A. , Bell Natasha L. , Gitto Andrew J. , Jeffers Steven N. , White Sarah A.
Published: August 2019

Constructed wetlands have been used for decades in agricultural settings to remediate nutrients and other agrichemicals from irrigation runoff and drainage; however, little is known about the presence and distribution of Phytophthora species within irrigation runoff water being treated in constructed wetlands. Therefore, we collected plant samples from within vegetated runoff collection channels and treatment stages of two constructed wetland systems receiving irrigation runoff at a commercial plant nursery in Cairo, GA, to determine if roots of wetland plants were infested by species of Phytophthora. Samples were collected 12 times, at 1- to 2-month intervals, over a 19-month period, from Mar. 2011 through Sept. 2012. The sample period covered all four seasons of the year, so we could determine if the association of Phytophthora species with roots of specific plant species varied with season. Approximately 340 samples from 14 wetland plant species were collected, and 22 isolates of Phytophthora species were recovered. Phytophthora species were typically isolated from plants in channels receiving runoff water directly from plant production areas; Phytophthora species were not detected on plants where water leaves the nursery. No seasonal patterns were observed in plant infestation or presence of species of Phytophthora. In fact, Phytophthora species were rarely found to be associated with the roots of the wetland plants collected; species of Phytophthora were found infesting roots of only 6.5% of the 336 plants sampled. Species of Phytophthora were not found to be associated with the roots of golden canna (Canna flaccida), lamp rush (Juncus effusus var. solutus), duckweed (Lemna valdiviana), or sedges (Carex sp.) during the study period. The exotic invasive plant species marsh dayflower [Murdannia keisak (33% of samples infested)] and alligatorweed [Alternanthera philoxeroides (15% of samples infested)] were found to have the first and third highest, respectively, incidences of infestation, with smooth beggartick (Bidens laevis) having the second highest incidence of samples infested (22%). Management of invasive species in drainage canals and constructed wetland systems may be critical because of their potential propensity toward infestation by Phytophthora species. Plant species recommended for further investigation for use in constructed wetlands to remediate irrigation runoff include golden canna, marsh pennywort (Hydrocotyle umbellata), pickerelweed (Pontederia cordata), and broadleaf cattail (Typha latifolia). The results from this study provide an important first look at the associations between species of Phytophthora and wetland plants in constructed wetland systems treating irrigation runoff and will serve to further optimize the design of constructed wetlands and other vegetation-based treatment technologies for the removal of plant pathogens from irrigation runoff.
Irrigating Nursery Crops with Recycled Run-off: A Review of the Potential Impact of Pesticides on Plant Growth and Physiology
Authors: Poudyal Shital , Cregg Bert M.
Published: August 2019

Interest in capturing and reusing runoff from irrigation and rainfall in container nurseries is increasing due to water scarcity and water use regulations. However, grower concerns related to contaminants in runoff water and other issues related to water safety are potential barriers to the adoption of water capture and reuse technologies. In this review, we discuss some of the key concerns associated with potential phytotoxicity from irrigating container nursery crops with recycled runoff. The concentration of pesticides in runoff water and retention ponds is orders of magnitude lower than that of typical crop application rates; therefore, the risk of pesticide phytotoxicity from irrigation with runoff water is relatively low. Nonetheless, some pesticides, particularly certain herbicides and insecticides, can potentially affect crops due to prolonged chronic exposure. Pesticides with high solubility, low organic adsorption coefficients, and long persistence have the greatest potential for crop impact because they are the most likely to be transported with runoff from container pads. The potential impact on plant growth or disruption of physiological processes differs among pesticides and sensitivity of individual crop plants. Growers can reduce risks associated with residual pesticides in recycled irrigation water by adopting best management practices (e.g., managing irrigation to reduce pesticide runoff, reducing pots spacing during pesticide application, use of vegetative filter strips) that reduce the contaminant load reaching containment basins as well as adopting remediation strategies that can reduce pesticide concentrations in recycled water.
Editorial Franciscanum 171
Authors: Bonilla Morales Jaime Laurence
Published: August 2019

Editorial Franciscanum 171
Apuntes sobre el pueblo como cuerpo místico. Del papa Francisco a Suárez, y vuelta
Authors: Muñoz Ceferino P.D. , Cuccia Emiliano Javier
Published: August 2019

El papa Francisco tiene una particular noción de pueblo al cual ha caracterizado, entre otros calificativos, de místico o mítico. En este sentido, recientes trabajos muestran que la noción de pueblo que el Papa maneja y desarrolla en su magisterio tiene su origen en la denominada Teología del Pueblo, doctrina de clara raigambre latinoamericana. Sin embargo, en este trabajo queremos proponer nuevos elementos conceptuales que podrían abonar la hipótesis de que la influencia más remota e indirecta –aunque no de menor peso– del Papa se retrotrae a los desarrollos teóricos de otro Jesuita, Francisco Suárez, quien en el marco de su filosofía política se refirió al pueblo como cuerpo místico.
Moisés e os discípulos de Jesus não falam por si (Ex 4,12; Mc 13,11; Mt 10,19; Lc 12,12; Jo 14,26)
Authors: Grenzer Matthias , Santos Dantas José Ancelmo
Published: August 2019

Existem intertextualidades surpreendentes entre as tradições vétero e neotestamentárias. Os autores do Novo Testamento, pois, fizeram questão de ou citar literalmente algo das Sagradas Escrituras de Israel ou, de forma mais livre, fazer alusões a tais tradições. Nesse sentido, a personagem de Moisés e pormenores ligados à sua trajetória e/ou biografia, presentes nas narrativas de Êxodo a Deuteronômio, ganha maior destaque na segunda parte da Bíblia cristã. Justamente isso vale também para um discurso que, segundo a narrativa em Ex 3,1–4,17, o Senhor, Deus de Israel, dirigiu a Moisés, visando à necessidade de o líder profético precisar convencer outros através de suas palavras: «Eu, pois, estarei com tua boca e te instruirei sobre o que deverás falar» (Ex 4,12b-c). Conforme os Evangelhos segundo Marcos, Mateus, Lucas e João, Jesus acolheu tal tradição e esperança religiosa ao instruir seus discípulos (Mc 13,11; Mt 10,19; Lc 12,12; Jo 14,26). A investigação dos pormenores da intertextualidade aqui indicada constitui a tarefa da pesquisa apresentada neste artigo.
Pecado ecológico y reconciliación sacramental
Authors: Carbajo Núñez Martín
Published: August 2019

La explotación egoísta de la tierra es un pecado, pues «un crimen contra la naturaleza es un crimen contra nosotros mismos y un pecado contra Dios»1 Por lo tanto, el Papa Francisco invita a abrazar la conversión ecológica y a implorar «la misericordia de Dios por los pecados cometidos contra la creación, que hasta ahora no hemos sabido reconocer ni confesar»2. Teniendo en cuenta las enseñanzas papales, este artículo subraya la necesidad de hacer más evidente la dimensión ecológica en el sacramento de la Penitencia.
Reseña: Ordine, Nuccio. Los retratos de Gabriel García Márquez. Repetición y diferencia
Authors: Prada Londoño Manuel Alejandro
Published: August 2019

Reseña: Ordine, Nuccio. Los retratos de Gabriel García Márquez. Repetición y diferencia. Trad. Manuel Prada Londoño – Eleanor Londero. Cali: Editorial Bonaventuriana, 2018.
Ynkoarte nammen yn it Frysk
Authors: Visser W.
Published: August 2019

Frisian has four types of hypocoristic names, viz. diminutive names, ‘real’ hypocoristics, names ending in -/i/ (-), and shortened names. The latter are the subject of this article.     Shortenend names are argued to be in accordance with the scheme ‘shortened name = diminutive name minus diminutive suffix’. This means that there is a strong formal relationship between these two name types, for which ample evidence is put forward.These names derive from diminutive names by omitting the diminutive suffix. The morphological operation of ‘suffix subtraction’, however, is rare in Frisian morphology. In fact, it seems to be needed for the derivation of shortenend names only, which renders it a somewhat suspicious option.     Shortened names occupy a position in between diminutive names, ‘real’ hypocoristics, and y-names, that is, they share properties with all these types of names (and differ from them as well). They thus have their own place in the Frisian landscape of names.
Fryske taboeminimalisearders en harren gebrûksfrekwinsje
Authors: De Jong G.
Published: August 2019

When a speaker wishes to charge his utterance with emotions and (tempo­rarily) doesn’t bother about social conventions, he can use a taboo mini­mizer. Such a minimizer consists of a negative element followed by a tabooed N. This article shows which Frisian taboo terms can function as the N and what their user frequency is. This has been investigated on the internet, as this is preeminently a place where emotional messages can be expected. Google searches demonstrate that Frisian has at least 23 taboo words showing up as a minimizer. The output can be subdivided into three cate­gories: 1) obscenities, 2) religion and superstition and 3) diseases. The first category is the most extensive, the second category is the most frequent, while the third category consists of only one word. The four most popular taboo minimizers are bliksem (‘lightning’), reet (‘ass’), donder (‘thunder’) and sek (‘scrotum’), and the fifth position is shared by barst (‘crack’) and moer (‘mother’). The last two illustrate the idiomatic character of mini­mizers: moer and barst have an unclear denotation, but when used as the N in a minimizer it is perfectly clear what they mean.
A Smart Toy Intervention to Promote Emotion Regulation in Middle Childhood: Feasibility Study
Authors: Theofanopoulou Nikki , Isbister Katherine , Edbrooke-Childs Julian , Slovák Petr
Published: August 2019

Background

A common challenge with existing psycho-social prevention interventions for children is the lack of effective, engaging, and scalable delivery mechanisms, especially beyond in-person therapeutic or school-based contexts. Although digital technology has the potential to address these issues, existing research on technology-enabled interventions for families remains limited. This paper focuses on emotion regulation (ER) as an example of a core protective factor that is commonly targeted by prevention interventions.

Objective

The aim of this pilot study was to provide an initial validation of the logic model and feasibility of in situ deployment for a new technology-enabled intervention, designed to support children’s in-the-moment ER efforts. The novelty of the proposed approach relies on delivering the intervention through an interactive object (a smart toy) sent home with the child, without any prior training necessary for either the child or their carer. This study examined (1) engagement and acceptability of the toy in the homes during 1-week deployments, and (2) qualitative indicators of ER effects, as reported by parents and children.

Results

Across all families, parents and children reported that the smart toy was incorporated into the children’s ER practices and engaged with naturally in moments the children wanted to relax or calm down. Data suggested that the children interacted with the toy throughout the deployment, found the experience enjoyable, and all requested to keep the toy longer. Children’s emotional connection to the toy appears to have driven this strong engagement. Parents reported satisfaction with and acceptability of the toy.

Conclusions

This is the first known study on the use of technology-enabled intervention delivery to support ER in situ. The strong engagement, incorporation into children’s ER practices, and qualitative indications of effects are promising. Further efficacy research is needed to extend these indicative data by examining the psychological efficacy of the proposed intervention. More broadly, our findings argue for the potential of a technology-enabled shift in how future prevention interventions are designed and delivered: empowering children and parents through child-led, situated interventions, where participants learn through actionable support directly within family life, as opposed to didactic in-person workshops and a subsequent skills application.
 Presentación
Authors: Muñiz Carlos
Published: August 2019

Son numerosos los estudios donde se manifiesta un incremento en las sociedades democráticas actuales de una ciudadanía cada vez más alejada de la política, menos comprometida y más escéptica respecto de la manera en que los asuntos públicos se deciden y ejercen. Esta época de desafección en la que parece que nos encontramos inmersos deriva en un incremento del cinismo en todo lo que esté referido a la política y, muy en particular, a la actividad de los políticos.
MACHINE LEARNING IN GLIOMA SEGMENTATION FOR STEREOTACTIC RADIATION THERAPY PLANNING
Authors: Dalechina A. V. , Belyaev M. G. , Tyurina A. N. , Zolotova S. V. , Pronin I. N. , Golanov A. V.
Published: August 2019

Glioma is one of the most common primary tumors among adults. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive form of glioma with very poor prognosis. The median patient survival is about 15 months. Treatment of glioma requires a complex approach combining surgical resection, chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Definition of the tumor border is the important step of radiation therapy treatment planning. The rapid development of the diagnostic methods made it possible to address this challenging task. However, the optimal treatment volume is still a matter of debate due to the complex biological behavior and high invasiveness of the tumor. Furthermore, the subjective interpretation of the visual information by the expert existed. So far, the application of machine learning in image analysis is a promising tool for glioma segmentation in multimodal MRI imaging. This review aims to summarize recent works using machine learning in high — and low — grade glioma segmentation.
THE ORETICAL BASIS AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF COMPLEX OF MANGANESE (II) WITH HEXAMETHYL- PROPILENAMIN-OXIME AS PARAMAGNETIC CONTRAST AGENT FOR MR-IMAGING OF MALIGNANT TUMORS
Authors: Ussov W. Yu. , Belyanin M. L. , Filimonov V. D. , Danilets M. G. , Milto I. V. , Vesnina Zh. V. , Zorkaltsev M. A. , Lucic M. A. , Shimanovskiy N. L.
Published: August 2019

Aim of the study. We attempted to obtain the Mn-HMPAO complex (Mangoxim) and to evaluate the possibility to apply as a paramagnetic contrast agent for enhancement of tumors at MRI. Materials and methods. The synthesis of HMPAO was carried out by using R. D. Neirinckx — J. Pijarowska-Kruszyna technique (2017), without separation of enantiomers. The Mn-HMPAO was obtained by mixing Manganese(II) carbonate with HMPAO, pH 6,2–6,5, 0,5 M. Also the quantum chemistry calculations were carried out on the structure of Mn-HMPAO using method of functional of density DFT rb3lyp/6–31+g(d,p) for isolated molecules and for water solutions (CPCM). MRI study of Mn-HMPAO uptake carried out in twelve laboratory mouses with transplanted Lewis sarcoma, in T1-w. SE mode, TR=500 ms, TE=15 ms, 256×256 matrix, FOV 15×15 cm, 3 mm thin slice. MRI acquired in 15–17 min and 60–90 min after intravenous injection of the Mn-HMPAO. The uptake was quantified as index of enhancement: IE=(Int. T1-w.MRI)Mn-HMPAO/(Int. T1- w.MRI)pre-contrast. Results. The N,N-Mn-dioxim is more stable than O,O-Mn-dioxim for 50,5 KCal/mol, so in the nature only N,N-Mn-dioxim exists. R1 of Mn-HMPAO was 3,35 1/(mM•s), below R1 of gadopentetate=3,96 1/(mM•s). The highest value of early IE was over the tumor (3,36±0,31) and over lungs (3,07±0,43). At 60 min the IE over tumor decreased to 1,58±0,14, remaining far over IE values over any other location. Conclusion. The Mn-HMPAO complex demonstrates paramagnetic properties for the application as the contrast MRI agent and probably will improve the selective enhancement of tumors.
PRENATAL PROTON MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY OF THE BRAIN
Authors: Trofimova T. N. , Khalikov A. D. , Semenova M. D. , Bogdan A. A.
Published: August 2019

The article demonstrates the first Russian experience of prenatal proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1Н MRS) of the brain. The results of the study are analyzed, the metabolic changes during the gestation period is evaluated. Neuroimaging methods of assessing brain metabolism may play a role in the diagnosis and prognosis of some perinatal neurological disorders, that is why the information about normal cerebral metabolic processes is extremely important. Prenatal 1Н MRS of the brain is an informative, non invasive diagnostic method that is performed complementary to MRI and provides unique information about the cerebral biochemical composition. Brain metabolic changes may precede structural, e.g. the appearance of changes in the spectrograms may outgo the changes in traditional MRI, therefore, the method may be useful in the early detection of a pathology. Early detection of abnormal metabolic brain processes may be helpful in identifying future potential therapeutic strategies.
Tight, robust, and feasible quantum speed limits for open dynamics
Authors: Campaioli Francesco , Pollock Felix A. , Modi Kavan
Published: August 2019

Starting from a geometric perspective, we derive a quantum speed limit for arbitrary open quantum evolution, which could be Markovian or non-Markovian, providing a fundamental bound on the time taken for the most general quantum dynamics. Our methods rely on measuring angles and distances between (mixed) states represented as generalized Bloch vectors. We study the properties of our bound and present its form for closed and open evolution, with the latter in both Lindblad form and in terms of a memory kernel. Our speed limit is provably robust under composition and mixing, features that largely improve the effectiveness of quantum speed limits for open evolution of mixed states. We also demonstrate that our bound is easier to compute and measure than other quantum speed limits for open evolution, and that it is tighter than the previous bounds for almost all open processes. Finally, we discuss the usefulness of quantum speed limits and their impact in current research.
Aspectos socioeconômicos do município de Botuporã - Bahia e sua inserção no contexto do desenvolvimento baiano
Authors: Souza Vanessa Vieira , Almeida Miriam Clea Coelho
Published: August 2019

O presente artigo, objetiva analisar a inserção de Botuporã no contexto do desenvolvimento econômico baiano. Para tanto, faz-se, brevemente, uma discussão teórica sobre o desenvolvimento desigual e combinado do espaço, para compreender o papel das consideradas “pequenas” cidades e, mais incipienteespecificamente, desse município no processo geral da acumulação capitalista. A cidade de Botuporã localizada no território de identidade da Bacia do Paramirim possui uma agricultura que se baseia na policultura de milho, feijão e mandioca e na criação de bovinos e aves, uma atividade comercial incipiente, e um setor de serviços que tem na Prefeitura Municipal o seu principal promotor. Entretanto, estas condições, aliadas às estratégias gerais do desenvolvimento desigual e combinado do espaço, não exclui o município do contexto geral do desenvolvimento baiano Palavras-chave: Desenvolvimento desigual e combinado. Ecomonia. Cidades.
Passagens de tornados nas áreas rurais dos municípios de Água Santa e Coxilha-RS
Authors: Lisboa Yan Castro , Blanc Gleiciane Fernanda de Carvalho , Jorge Márcia Da Silva
Published: August 2019

Os municípios de Água Santa e Coxilha, ambos localizados ao Nordeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul/Brasil, foram aterrorizados por passagens de tornados que ocorreram no dia 12 de junho de 2018, atingindo, principalmente, a área rural de tais municípios. Isso significa que na região Norte e Nordeste do estado, têm grandes probabilidades para ocorrerem esses fenômenos climáticos naturais, por se encontrar no Planalto Meridional onde a frente de ar quente fica instável e a frente fria desloca-se nessa região vinda da Argentina. Dessa forma, o presente artigo têm como objetivos descrever os tornados e as tempestades através de referenciais bibliográficos específicos, analisar este fenômeno com base nas observações das imagens e interpretações dos dados meteorológicos e, também, contextualizar as passagens dos tornados nos municípios de Água Santa e Coxilha.
Palavras-chave: Município de Água Santa/RS. Município de Coxilha/RS. Tornados.
A centralidade do trabalho na análise geográfica
Authors: Oliveira Verônica Ferraz , Ferraz Ana Emília De Quadros
Published: August 2019

Este artigo tem o objetivo de analisar a categoria trabalho porque ele é um fenômeno inerente ao homem e, por isso, não pode escapar dos estudos científicos e, sobretudo, geográficos. Para diversas ciências as atividades laborativas produzem elementos que atendem as necessidades humanas, mas os geógrafos complementam que o trabalho vai para além deste fenômeno, pois ele, também, é elemento primordial na produção do espaço.  Portanto, o trabalho tem sido instrumento para que a Geografia se aproprie do tema e faça dele uma categoria central das análises geográficas. Esse é um tema que carrega determinadas nuances de cada momento histórico. Trata-se de um assunto do âmbito não somente técnico, mas, sobretudo, social, que o torna amplo, rico e inesgotável.
Palavras chave: Homem, Trabalho, Análise Geográfica.
CONHECIMENTO DA (O) ENFERMEIRA (O) EM RELAÇÃO A TERAPIA ANTIMICROBIANA UTILIZADA NA INFECÇÃO DE TRATO URINÁRIO EM CENTRO DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA
Authors: Hevilyn Ramos da Cruz Almeida Talita , Matos Santana Ricardo , Mary Andrade Teles Monteiro Nayara , Luis Almeida da Silva João , Ribeiro da Silva Ribeiro da Silva Myria
Published: August 2019

A infecção do trato urinário é caracterizada por uma variedade de condições clínicas resultante da presença de microrganismos nas vias urinárias. Em um paciente com catéter vesical de demora, o risco de infecção aumenta significativamente, portanto, necessitando do uso de antimicrobianos. O presente estudo tem como objetivos discutir o conhecimento da enfermeira do Centro de terapia Intensiva, em relação ao uso de antimicrobiano, bem como, a importância do conhecimento científico para intervir administrativa e assistencialmente. Trata-se de um estudo qualiquantitativo, descritivo, exploratório. Os dados foram coletados através de questionário estruturado e fonte secundária como os prontuários. Foram analisados os registros de enfermagem de 111 prontuários e aplicado questionário estruturado a (o) 12 enfermeiras (o). Houve predomínio do uso de antimicrobianos da classe das Cefaslosporinas e Quinolonas correspondendo respectivamente a 30,4% e 15,9% de todas as prescrições. Quanto às indicações do antimicrobiano, 67,0% dos profissionais relataram ter conhecimento, posologia 56,0% e efeitos adversos 22,0%. No entanto em 100,0% dos prontuários não foi observados registros e prescrições de enfermagem que abordassem os cuidados quanto aos efeitos adversos, interações medicamentosas e resistência microbiana. Evidenciou-se a urgente necessidade de intervenção educativa no serviço e capacitação de profissionais para melhorar o planejamento e assistência prestada.
HDL Cholesterol Efflux Predicts Incident New-Onset Diabetes After Transplantation (NODAT) in Renal Transplant Recipients Independent of HDL Cholesterol Levels
Authors: Szili-Torok Tamas , Annema Wijtske , Anderson Josephine L.C. , Bakker Stephan J.L. , Tietge Uwe J.F.
Published: August 2019

In renal transplant recipients (RTRs), new-onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) is a frequent and serious complication limiting survival of graft and patient. However, the underlying pathophysiology remains incompletely understood. In vitro and in preclinical models, HDL can preserve β-cell function, largely by mediating cholesterol efflux, but this concept has not been evaluated in humans. This study investigated whether baseline cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) in RTRs is associated with incident NODAT during follow-up. This prospective longitudinal study included 405 diabetes-free RTRs with a functioning graft for >1 year. During a median (interquartile range) follow-up of 9.6 (6.6–10.2) years, 57 patients (14.1%) developed NODAT. HDL CEC was quantified using incubation of human macrophage foam cells with apolipoprotein B–depleted plasma. Baseline CEC was significantly lower in patients developing NODAT during follow-up (median 6.84% [interquartile range 5.84–7.50%]) compared with the NODAT-free group (7.44% [6.46–8.60%]; P = 0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a lower risk for incident NODAT with increasing sex-stratified tertiles of HDL efflux capacity (P = 0.004). Linear regression analysis indicated that CEC is independently associated with incident NODAT (P = 0.04). In Cox regression analyses, CEC was significantly associated with NODAT (hazard ratio 0.53 [95% CI 0.38–0.76]; P < 0.001), independent of HDL cholesterol levels (P = 0.015), adiposity (P = 0.018), immunosuppressive medication (P = 0.001), and kidney function (P = 0.01). Addition of CEC significantly improved the predictive power of the Framingham Diabetes Risk Score (P = 0.004). This study establishes HDL CEC as a strong predictor of NODAT in RTRs, independent of several other recognized risk factors.
Preoperative Circulating Succinate Levels as a Biomarker for Diabetes Remission After Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Ceperuelo-Mallafré Victoria , Llauradó Gemma , Keiran Noelia , Benaiges Ester , Astiarraga Brenno , Martínez Laia , Pellitero Silvia , González-Clemente Jose Miguel , Rodríguez Amaia , Fernández-Real José Manuel , Lecube Albert , Megía Ana , Vilarrasa Nuria , Vendrell Joan , Fernández-Veledo Sonia
Published: August 2019

OBJECTIVE

To determine the potential use of baseline circulating succinate to predict type 2 diabetes remission after bariatric surgery.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Forty-five obese patients with diabetes were randomly assigned to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), sleeve gastrectomy (SG), or laparoscopic greater curvature plication. Anthropometric parameters were evaluated, and a complete biochemical analysis including circulating serum succinate concentrations was performed at baseline and 1 year after surgery. The results were externally validated in a second cohort including 88 obese patients with diabetes assigned to RYGB or SG based on clinical criteria.

RESULTS

Succinate baseline concentrations were an independent predictor of diabetes remission after bariatric surgery. Patients achieving remission after 1 year had lower levels of baseline succinate (47.8 [37.6–64.6] µmol/L vs. 64.1 [52.5–82.9] µmol/L; P = 0.018). Moreover, succinate concentrations were significantly decreased 1 year after surgery (58.9 [46.4–82.4] µmol/L vs. 46.0 [35.8–65.3] µmol/L, P = 0.005). In multivariate analysis, the best logistic regression model showed that baseline succinate (odds ratio [OR] 11.3, P = 0.031) and the type of surgery (OR 26.4, P = 0.010) were independently associated with remission. The C-statistic for this model was 0.899 (95% CI 0.809–0.989) in the derivation cohort, which significantly improved the prediction of remission compared with current available scores, and 0.729 (95% CI 0.612–0.846) in the validation cohort. Interestingly, patients had a different response to the type of surgery according to baseline succinate, with significant differences in remission rates.

CONCLUSIONS

Circulating succinate is reduced after bariatric surgery. Baseline succinate levels have predictive value for diabetes remission independently of previously described presurgical factors and improve upon the current available scores to predict remission.
Population-based study of the association between food insecurity and preventable hospitalization among persons with diabetes using linked survey and administrative data
Authors: Gupta Neeru , Sheng Zihao
Published: August 2019

BackgroundStudies have found food insecurity to be more prevalent among persons with diabetes mellitus. Other research using areal-based measures of socioeconomic status have pointed to a social gradient in diabetes hospitalizations, but without accounting for individuals’ health status. Linking person-level data from health surveys to population-based hospital records enables profiling of the role of food insecurity with hospital morbidity, focusing on the high-risk diabetic population.

ObjectiveThis national study aims to assess the association between income-related household food insecurity and potentially avoidable hospital admissions among community-dwelling persons living with diagnosed diabetes.

MethodsWe use three cycles of the Canadian Community Health Survey (2007, 2008, and 2011) linked to multiple years of hospital records from the Discharge Abstract Database (2005/06 to 2012/13), covering 12 of Canada’s 13 provinces and territories. We apply multiple logistic regression for testing the association of household food insecurity with the risk of hospitalization for diabetes and common comorbid ambulatory care sensitive conditions among persons aged 12 and over living with diabetes.

Analysis

Data linkage allowed us to analyze inpatient hospital records among 10,260 survey respondents with diabetes; 590 respondents had been hospitalized at least once for diabetes or a common comorbid chronic physical or mental illness. The regression results indicated that the odds of experiencing a preventable hospital admission were significantly higher among persons with diabetes who were food insecure compared to their counterparts who were food secure (OR=1.66 [95%CI=1.24-2.23]), after controlling for age, sex and other characteristics.

ConclusionWe found food insecurity to significantly increase the odds of hospital admission for ambulatory care sensitive conditions among Canadians living with diabetes. These results reinforce the need to consider food insecurity in public health and clinical strategies to reduce the hospital burden of diabetes and other nutrition-related chronic diseases, from primary prevention to post-discharge care.

KeywordsData linkage; health surveys; hospital records; diabetes mellitus; hospitalization; food security.
Notches on the dial: a call to action to develop plain language communication with the public about users and uses of health data
Authors: Paprica P Alison , McGrail Kimberlyn , Schull Michael J
Published: August 2019

Population data science [1] researchers are not alone in recognizing the value of health and health-related data. In the era of big data, and with advent of machine learning and other artificial intelligence methods, organizations around the world are actively working to turn data into knowledge, and, in some cases, profit. The media and members of the public have taken notice, with high profile news stories about data breaches and privacy concerns [2-4] alongside some stories that call for increased use of data [5,6]. In response, public and private sector data-holding organizations and jurisdictions are turning their attention to policies, processes and regulations intended to ensure that personal data are used in ways that that the public supports. In some cases, these efforts include involving “publics” in decisions about data, such as using patient and lay person advice and other inputs to help shape policies [7-10].
Exploring barriers and solutions in advancing cross-centre population data science
Authors: Jones Kerina H , Heys Sharon M , Daniels Helen , Ford David V
Published: August 2019

IntroductionIt is widely acknowledged that population health and administrative data, especially when linked at the individual level, hold great value for research. Cross-centre working between data centres providing access to such data has the potential to further increase this value by effectively expanding the data available for research. However, there is limited published information on how to address the challenges and achieve success. The aim of this paper is to explore perceived barriers and solutions to inform developments in cross-centre working across data centres.

MethodsWe carried out a narrative literature review on data sharing and cross centre working. We used a mixed methods approach to assess the opinions of members of the public on cross-centre data sharing, and the views and experiences of among data centre staff connected with the UK Farr Institute for Health Informatics Research.

ResultsThe literature review uncovered a myriad of practical and cultural issues. Our engagement with a public group suggested that cross-centre working involving anonymised data being moved between established centres is considered acceptable. The main themes emerging from discussions with data centre staff were dedicated resourcing, practical issues, information governance and culture.

ConclusionIn seeking to advance cross-centre working between data centres, we conclude that there is a need for dedicated resourcing, indicators to recognise data reuse, collaboration to solve common issues, and balancing necessary barrier removal with incentivisation. This will require on-going commitment, engagement and an academic culture change.
Hannah Arendt e o Diabólico Maquiavel
Authors: REZENDE CLAUDINEI CÁSSIO DE , Alvarenga André Luis de Souza
Published: August 2019

Resumo: Este artigo investiga a concepção de Hannah Arendt sobre Maquiavel a partir do conjunto dos textos da autora ao longo de sua maturidade intelectual, expressando prioritariamente as suas concepções em dois deles: um redigido originalmente em 1963, intitulado Sobre a revolução; e outro, Entre o passado e o futuro, por sua vez revisto e ampliado numa edição de 1968. Num pensamento de ciclo de reação em cadeia, a autora atribuiu ao Maquiavel uma compreensão insuficiente do mundo grego, causando uma vulgarização do mito de fundação. Como resultado, o campo de ação para Maquiavel se restringe à adaptação amoral da vida pública, lançando mão da violência na política por meio de ações cínicas, o que acaba por influenciar no estatuto revolucionário de todas as revoluções violentas posteriores. O problema desta análise de Arendt perpassa por uma abstração irrazoável e uma compreensão parca tanto da cena histórica e da obra de Maquiavel como do próprio mundo contemporâneo e das contingências históricas dos processos revolucionários.
A COMPOSIÇÃO DO MS. 10121 DA BIBLIOTECA NACIONAL DE ESPAÑA (C. 1516-1543): O LIVRO DOS FEITOS ENTRE A EPIGRAFIA E A PALEOGRAFIA
Authors: Vianna Luciano José
Published: August 2019

Neste artigo, analisamos um dos manuscritos da tradição textual catalã do Livro dos Feitos, ou seja, o ms. 10121 da Biblioteca Nacional de España. Tal manuscrito contém a vida do rei Jaime I de Aragão (1208-1276), um dos reis mais conhecidos do contexto territorial da coroa aragonesa. A partir de informações epigráficas e paleográficas do manuscrito, e a partir de propostas metodológicas voltadas para a ciência epigráfica e paleográfica, tentaremos determinar o contexto de composição do manuscrito, principalmente considerando as características simbólicas de tais informações presentes no mesmo. Para isso, nos ateremos aos estudos de Elisa Ruiz, Robert Favreau, Gimeno Blay, Ramsay MacMullen e Marc Mayer. Nossa conclusão é que os aspectos simbólicos presentes neste documento devem ser considerados como principais para compreender o motivo de sua composição, ou seja, a partir de uma perspectiva interdisciplinar.
JORGE AMADO, 1964: SOBRE LITERATURA E CIDADE*
Authors: Da Cunha Peixoto Maria do Rosário , Tomelin Jr. Nelson , Miranda Vanessa
Published: August 2019

Em Os pastores da noite, romance escrito às vésperas do golpe civil-militar de 1964, Jorge Amado apresenta mulheres e homens de alegrias e saberes abundantes, eméritos em festas, lutas sociais e políticas, contra a imposição do trabalho e da exploração. Relações e encontros nesse romance agregam o compadrio de divindades, reunindo religiões e homens num mesmo espaço histórico, evidenciando que dicotomias e divisões podem ser superadas. Os pastores são trabalhadores da “cidade da Bahia”, vivendo a ameaça da expropriação da terra e do direito à moradia, e que resistem às “gargalhadas”. A literatura de Jorge Amado, além de matéria na disputa pela pluralidade de vozes na pesquisa histórica, constitui fonte importante na discussão sobre a cidade e modos culturais do viver urbano, contribuindo especificamente com a obra aqui analisada para pensarmos a construção de ditaduras na sociedade brasileira.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Jorge Amado, os pastores da noite, golpe civil-militar de 1964, resistência, cidade.* Para a elaboração deste artigo foi importante o apoio do Programa Nacional de Cooperação Acadêmica da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (PROCAD/CAPES), através do projeto “Trabalho, Cultura e Cidade” (PUC-SP/UFAM/UFCG).
CHARLES BOXER E A IGREJA MILITANTE: RAÇA, MISSIONAÇÃO E IMPÉRIO NA EXPANSÃO IBÉRICA DOS SÉCULOS XVI E XVII
Authors: Schneider Alberto Luiz
Published: August 2019

O artigo busca fazer um balanço da obra do historiador inglês Charles Boxer dedicado a missionação católica nas Américas espanholas e portuguesas dos séculos XVI e XVII. Boxer condensou grande parte da discussão sobre o assunto, após uma vida de pesquisa, no livro de 1978 intitulado The Church Militant and Iberian Expansion, 1440-1770. A questão religiosa o acompanhou ao longo de sua produção historiográfica dedicada ao Império ultramarino português. Nesse artigo, busca-se explorar o modo como Boxer compreendeu as políticas ibéricas de conversão dos nativos e seus entrelaçamentos com as próprias políticas de colonização.
A “caixa-preta” da eucaliptocultura: controvérsias científicas, disputas políticas e projetos de sociedade
Authors: Gonçalves Alyne Dos Santos
Published: August 2019

Neste artigo, discuto aspectos da controvérsia científica em torno do plantio do eucalipto no Brasil, buscando compreender as disputas políticas e os projetos socioambientais mobilizados pelos diferentes contendores. Inspirada nas reflexões de Bruno Latour sobre o fazer científico, busco reconstruir o caminho percorrido pelo naturalista Augusto Ruschi na elaboração de noções e métodos de reflorestamento, os quais ganharam instrumentalização política diferenciada no estado do Espírito Santo, nas décadas de 1940-1950 e 1960-1970: no primeiro momento, seus argumentos se aproximaram da “silvicultura racional”; no segundo, adotou um forte discurso contra a eucaliptocultura. Defendo que, mais do que a rejeição ao eucalipto em si mesmo, Ruschi posicionou-se contra um projeto socioeconômico específico: o do Grupo Aracruz Celulose S. A.
A atuação da imprensa na reorganização política em Pernambuco em 1954
Authors: Silva Daniel Francisco da
Published: August 2019

Este trabalho discutirá a intervenção dos jornais Correio do Povo e Diário de Pernambuco na reorganização política em Pernambuco no pleito eleitoral de 03 de outubro de 1954, após o suicídio de Getúlio Vargas, em 24 de agosto do ano supracitado. Assim, utilizamos como suporte teórico-metodológico os autores Raymond Willimans, Edward Palmer Thompson e as autoras, Déa Fenelon,  Maria do Rosário da Cunha Peixoto e Heloísa de Faria Cruz para problematizarmos a imprensa como sujeito ativo no processo eleitoral na sociedade pernambucana e o quão a imprensa constituiu memórias sobre o sufrágio de 1954.
Francisco de Oliveira: Memória narrativa e fisionomia intelectual
Authors: Biazo Glauber Cícero Ferreira
Published: August 2019

A entrevista com o Prof. Dr. Francisco de Oliveira foi realizada em 04 de julho de 2012 em sua residência em São Paulo-SP e teve como foco sua trajetória profissional e acadêmica. Em uma conversa que durou aproximadamente duas horas, contou que em 1956 concluiu o bacharelado em Ciências Sociais pela Universidade do Recife, atual Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. O Prof. Oliveira organizou uma narrativa sobre sua experiência profissional destacando momentos anteriores e posteriores ao seu ingresso no Centro Brasileiro de Análise e Planejamento (CEBRAP). Oliveira foi convidado a falar sobre suas atividades como professor universitário, tendo narrado sobre as aulas de economia ministradas no curso de pós-graduação em Economia da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo entre 1980 e 1988. Nesse momento, comentou também a respeito do convite realizado pela Prof.ª Dra. Irene Cardoso e pela Prof.ª Dra. Eva Blay que o levou a integrar-se ao corpo docente do Departamento de Sociologia da Faculdade de Filosofia Letras e Ciências Humanas (FFLCH-USP). Na última parte da entrevista Oliveira avaliou sua passagem pela FFLCH-USP e, dentre outras questões significativas, defendeu as relações existentes entre sua atividade acadêmica e política.
Kegiatan Penyuluhan Budidaya Ikan Air Tawar oleh Kelompok Tani Sejiwa di Jorong VI Sorik, Kabupaten Pasaman
Authors: Andiski Ilham , Aini Wirdatul , Sunarti Vevi
Published: August 2019

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pelaksanaan kegiatan penyuluhan budidaya ikan air tawar oleh Kelompok Tani Sejiwa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah metode random sampling. Populasinya berjumlah 40 orang, sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 30 orang. Teknik penarikan sampel yang digunakan adalah rumus persentase. Alat pengumpulan data adalah angket. Temuan dalam penelitian terlihat bahwa (1) strategi penyuluhan terhadap budidaya ikan air tawar oleh kelompok tani sejiwa di Jorong VI Sorik tergolong baik, (2) metode penyuluhan budidaya ikan air tawar oleh kelompok tani sejiwa di Jorong VI Sorik sudah dilakukan dengan baik, (3) evaluasi penyuluhan budidaya ikan air tawar oleh kelompok tani sejiwa di Jorong VI Sorik tergolong baik. Disarankan agar ketua dan anggota kelompok yang melakukan Kegiatan Budidaya Ikan Air Tawar untuk memasarkan hasil produksi di daerah lain, sehingga hasil yang didapat anggota kelompok lebih maksimal.Kata Kunci: Penyuluhan, Budidaya Ikan, Kelompok Tani