bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Densification of station areas in order to promote sustainable mobility, health, well-being and energy efficiency- opportunities and obstacles. The case study of Mölnlycke urban centre in Gothenburg region, Sweden
Authors: Ranhagen U
Published: November 2020

The Mistra Urban Futures project “analysis of urban station communities” different forms of co-creation have been a common denominator for transdisciplinary collaboration between a wide range of stakeholders related to a number of planning cases on different levels [13]. Densification in combination with mixed-use, spatial configuration and other aspects, increases the options for sustainable mobility with public transportation, bicycling and walking, thus contributes to at least five of the SDGs: goal 11, goal 3, goal 7, goal 8 and goal 13 [6].The options for densification were extensively investigated during a series of co-creation workshops among stakeholders that are involved with the regeneration of Mölnlycke urban centre, located to the West of the City of Gothenburg. A number of different planning and design tools were used throughout this process. The result of the co-creation is an experience-based assessment of strengths and weaknesses, a desired density structure from different perspectives and evaluated density scenarios for the station area. The co-creative approach using a combination of planning and design tools has the potential to raise a number of different perspectives and experiences of the stakeholders involved, when considering density and associated ecological, socio-cultural and economic factors. The results for this process can serve as a valuable supplement to desk top analysis of density and related factors when planning urban areas around transportation nodes.
Hypothesis of densification for a sustainable urbanization in a wealthy Chinese city
Authors: Pellegrini Paola , Chen Jinliu
Published: November 2020

The Central Government of China is promoting both urbanization and urban sustainability beyond mere growth. These two goals clash if the agricultural land consumption for urbanization is drastically reduced. A re-consideration of urban density and compactness, supported by the UN-Habitat’s Urban Agenda III can contribute to address the problem. What existing developments can be densified and how? The research has considered some hypothesis of densification in the city of Suzhou, a wealthy area in the Special Economic Zone of Yangtze River Delta. The research has targeted the compounds where farmers were relocated when the land was massively urbanized since the ‘90s, because they are low density, have a strong obsolescence and do not match anymore the living standards achievable in this part of contemporary China. The research has drafted some options of densification.
A systematic review of motives for densification in Swedish planning practice
Authors: Haupt P A , Berghauser Pont M Y , Alstäde V , Berg P G
Published: November 2020

One of the current dominant strategies proposed for sustainable urban development is densification. While some advocate the very reasonable benefits of density, others emphasize the potential drawbacks. The main goal of this paper is to provide a systematic overview of the claimed benefits of densification in Swedish practice and relate this to the scientific evidence. For the systematic overview, comprehensive plans from 59 Swedish municipalities, covering plans from both highly urbanized areas as well as more rural regions, are included. The results show that in three out of four cases where density or densification is mentioned, no motive is given. For the other quarter, the most often used motivation is related to transport (19%), services (17%) and urban environmental qualities (14%). The least frequent motives used are related to health (8%) and ecology (2%). The motives in comprehensive plans are for the most part pointing to a positive impact of density on sustainable urban development (77%), which is not always supported by the empirical evidence that more often describe a negative correlation. Furthermore, many of the most frequently used motives in comprehensive plans have little scientific support, which puts new questions on the research agenda.
District Heating De-Carbonisation in Belgrade. Multi-Year transition plan
Authors: Marijuan Antonio Garrido , Garay Roberto , Lumbreras Mikel , Vladic Ljubisa , Savić Radmilo
Published: November 2020

A large share of the city of Belgrade is heated by a District Heating network. Established in 1965, the network delivers 3.6 TWh to more than 20 million square meters of households industries and businesses, by means of a 1460km-long network. The system has been continuously upgraded and adapted to new technologies and already operates at relatively low temperature, with modernized substations. However, the delivered heat is still produced mainly by means of carbon intensive technologies. Conscious of the need to de-carbonise the city, a multi-year transition plan was established, where large investments have been secured, comprising greater interconnection levels, installation of large solar thermal plants and waste incineration plants, and the conversion of a power plant into CHP, among others. In this paper, the criteria for the selection of the technologies, the identification of enabling investments, interaction with stakeholders, securing of financing, and status of the plan are presented. After the execution of the de-carbonisation roadmap, it is expected that the DH system will reduce its carbon intensity by 50%.
Stakeholder-specific assessment of environmental, economic and social effects of resource-efficiency measures in urban districts - first results
Authors: Volk Rebekka , Lützkendorf Thomas , Schambelon Sophia , Naber Elias , Mörmann Kai , Böhnke Denise , Norra Stefan , Schuhmann Rainer , Ehbrecht Anke , Balouktsi Maria , Schultmann Frank
Published: November 2020

There is a great interest in society in making urban districts more sustainable. Sustainable and resource-efficient urban development (SDG 11) is a process that, based on the analysis of the initial situation, leads to the formulation of specific goals and must be planned, accompanied, assessed and managed. Thus, this contribution presents a fundamental, multi-perspective concept to assess and manage the use of (natural) resources (stocks and flows), in particular (1) water (rain, potable and waste water), (2) land use (settlements, traffic area, open/green areas, ecosystems), (3) raw materials (material in- and outputs, recycling and disposal, C&D waste, and fossil fuels) in a defined urban district.
Identification and quantification of urban planning related framework conditions on energy and resource-efficiency of urban building developments
Authors: Loeffler R , Geier S , Oesterreicher D
Published: November 2020

Energy efficiency in buildings undeniably plays a vital role in addressing climate change. At the level of building planning, a thorough analysis with thermal dynamic calculations can be carried out to assess energy demand and resulting CO2 emissions of buildings due to the high level of detail usually provided at this stage. In urban planning design on the other hand, energy and resource-related parameters are usually not quantified, as at this stage of the planning process other urban planning factors predominate the concepts. However, numerous aspects that are determined at the stage of urban planning cannot be changed anymore later on in the process even though, they can have a significant impact on the energy demand. This includes the structuring of the building blocks, density and height of the buildings, orientation and inclination of the surfaces as well as greening of the outer shell and availability of direct solar radiation. This paper describes the analysis of parameters, which have a significant influence on energy and resource consumption of urban developments. This includes new developments as well as the existing building stock in order to provide quantifiable indicators for refurbishment and densification measures. The simulation tool CityCalc, which has been developed in a previous research project provides the environment for the analysis. To validate the approach, the identified parameters are analysed in an exemplary case study for a Viennese urban development area. The results aim at identifying and quantifying the key influencing parameters of urban planning design on the energy and resource efficiency of new and existing urban development areas in order to gain essential insights for the integration of climate-relevant factors for future planning processes.
Potential for sustainable urban regeneration policies and practices in Daegu, Republic of Korea
Authors: Schuetze Thorsten , Gohaud Emilien
Published: November 2020

After a period of fast urban growth, which started in the 1960s, urban development in Korea slowed down since 2008 when housing units supply exceeded the number of households for the first time. Depending on the location and specific basic conditions, some areas undergo intensive redevelopments. In contrast, other neighborhoods experience economical and physical deterioration. To facilitate sustainable urban redevelopment, related policies need to address aspects of the New Urban Agenda. This research investigates the different urban development and redevelopment policies in the city of Daegu. Urban projects conducted after 2008 have been mapped and documented in terms of related policies and their degree of implementation, project size, building and population densities, and urban morphology. Potentials for the transformation and densification of existing urban areas are discussed. The research findings are compared with current redevelopment policies and result in recommendations for the evolution of policies towards increased integration of sustainable urban redevelopment aspects.
Green Approach for Post-industrial Urban Regeneration: A case of Economic and Technical Development Zone, China
Authors: Chen Weizhen , Luo May Jiemei , Jian Izzy Yi , Qian Queena K , Chan Edwin H W
Published: November 2020

For cities facing post-industrial transition, urban greenways are proven strategies to activate urban spaces and improve the sustainability of cities. However, significant challenges remain when seeking to link greenways as a greenway network and integrate greenway networks to urban spaces. Given this shortcoming, Yantai National Economic and Technical Development Zone (YEDZ) was selected as a representative case. This paper analyzed the potential role of greenway network and requirements of post-industrial development for the urban environment. It seeks to develop a regeneration approach that integrating urban greenway planning with overall urban reform. Our priorities are providing a pedestrian network with non-utilitarian rhythms by activating former industrial spaces, restructuring urban green spaces, and integrating greenway networks into diverse urban spaces. In this way, it reveals the comprehensive benefits of the urban greenway network and improves overall urban form - multiple benefits, including economic development and social rewards, be created in the regeneration.
Piloting a collaborative data library of fine-grained data to support knowledge facilitation in architectural courses
Authors: Thuvander L , Green C , Adelfio M , Brandao E , Combrinck C , Billger M , Rautenbach V , Coetzee S , Plessis C du
Published: November 2020

This study discusses the establishment and pilot of a collaborative data library (CDL) for educational purposes, based on a transdisciplinary collaboration between the architecture departments at Chalmers University of Technology in Gothenburg, Sweden, and University of Pretoria, South Africa. The CDL was tested Hammarkullen in Gothenburg in a joint exercise during which students from both institutions collected qualitative and quantitative data through site analysis using analogue and digital tools such as KoboToolbox and Maptionnaire. The collected data were uploaded in guided sessions to the web-based platform GeoNode to be stored in a systematic way for re-use of the data later in the course. Results show that the tools and CDL were relatively easy to use. For the students the most interesting aspects were the contextual information gained by using the data collecting tools, and, by that, make communities’ needs heard. Thus, the students appreciated the participatory features of the data collection tools. The CDL will be further developed and tested in the South African design studio in the Mamelodi township of Pretoria early in 2020. The development of the CDL in a transdisciplinary and global context will allow for up-scaling and potentially also applications outside educational environments. The project contributes to the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals 4 and 11.
Designing cities? The use of design thinking in urban planning in Finland
Authors: Mensonen A , Hällström A Af
Published: November 2020

As the world’s urban population grows, the impact of good city planning increases in tandem. With five billion people predicted to live in cities by 2030, the urban environment will either help or hinder sustainable global development. Engaging citizens in both planning and development is a major part in guaranteeing a safe, affordable, accessible, and sustainable urban environment. Recently, the ideas of design thinking and service design have begun to get more traction globally, but also in Finland, where a thriving industry of design thinking firms has developed. A field with much interest generated, but where little research exists, is the field of public governance. Public institutions have applied methods based in design thinking in efforts to include citizens in the planning process, to gather feedback on current efforts and projects, and to create a stronger sense of community. The aim of this paper is to further our understanding of the use of design thinking in the Finnish urban planning sector using qualitative methods. Initial results indicate a lack of an accepted standard definition of design thinking in an urban development setting, which could lead to future conflict as many public agents are now including methods derived from design thinking in their work.
Structuring a new paradigm: from Mixed Use Developments to Integrated Urban Ecosystems
Authors: Usón Tono Fernández , Fernandez-Anez Victoria
Published: November 2020

Cities are key to achieve sustainability, concentrating more than the half of the world population, in what seems today an uncontrolled, irreversible and challenging urban expansion. Whether we choose a non-planning perspective or a structured one, sustainable urban design become a must for human environment. Mixed-Use Developments (MUD) raised decades ago as a supposed spark that could enlighten the design of our settlements, initially focused on density and walkability to address energy, liveability, health or safety challenges. Analysing literature on MUD methodologies and results, it seems clear that an excessive focus on design has reduced its potential to achieve sustainability. The concept must be widened: a) from land use to human being experience, integrating the different stakeholders in the process b) from stratified 2D land uses to flexible 3D activities guided by real time data in 24/7 updated urban regulations c) from urban morphology to a transversal vision that combines disciplines initially considered far away from design d) from compliance with energy standards, to a complex approach focused on achieving the SDGs, e) from isolated self-profitable market operations to enlarged understandings of sustainable socioeconomic balances based on circular economy principles and e) from energy certificates to urban systems integrated in their socio-cultural, environmental and economic framework. This huge shift on the scope commits the MUDs to give way to the Integrated Urban Ecosystems (IUE), synthetizing this new approach in a conceptual model. The model becomes a tool to support reflection, design and communication with stakeholders. Taking it as a basis, a set of urban design principles are structured in a Sustainable Design Matrix combining sustainability (through the SDGs) with disruptive transdisciplinary approaches. Finally, the global to local transference overlaps the cultural and societal layers to produce affordable and scalable solutions. IUEs potential to leapfrog to more sustainable and resilient human settlements is discussed and conclusions extracted.
Value of Landscape Design In Creating Sustainable Urban Transformation Model For Sarojini Nagar Housing Community, New Delhi
Authors: Raje Ar. Richa
Published: November 2020

The challenges of rapid urbanization are going to increase as cities are becoming bigger and numerous. These cities then put additional pressure on natural resources to meet its energy demands, creating irreversible damage to environment. New Delhi capital city, that has doubled its urban area in a span of twenty years, is now suffering from pollution, water scarcity and vulnerability to natural disasters etc. Sarojini Nagar (south-west Delhi) is a housing community that is essentially known for its city level informal market. These markets attract large crowds every day and has become a unique social space. Looking at its commercial value, a redevelopment scheme is envisaged by the government to accommodate a population density beyond its carrying capacity. This proposal threatens the 4500 trees at site, which not only acts as green lungs to the city but marks for social and cultural identity. An alternate design approach that explores the possibility to integrate natural infrastructure with urban growth is required for such redevelopment. McHargian method of landscape analysis is adopted to come up with Sarojini Nagar masterplan. Evidence based results from landscape practitioners are devised to formulate several design strategies. In this complex Indian context, the design proposal creates multifunctional and resilient landscapes. It attempts to resolve traffic and cars, by creating pedestrian dominated circulation network, strategic car parks and active streetscape. It safeguards native trees by re-imagining the built-grid and bringing the idea of nature in a convincing way. The hierarchy of well-knit open spaces creates a sense of place & belongingness to the users. Rigorous design ideations carried with planning process allows for creating compact urban infrastructure and sustaining ecology as potential living spaces. Through multifunctional landscape design societal challenges such as population growth, scarcity of resources, environment degradation can be addressed.
A systematic review of the scientific literature on the theme of multi-functional streets
Authors: Stavroulaki Ioanna , Pont Meta Berghauser
Published: November 2020

Cities consist of 20-30% streets, a gigantic infrastructure that must be maintained and developed. As such, they have the potential to contribute to tackling contemporary challenges as the increasing urbanization and climate change which place higher demands on urban environments, from quality of life, health and safety to environmental sustainability. Multifunctional streets are introduced as an answer to these challenges, as they can fulfil this multitude of functions. This paper presents a state-of-the-art, quantitative systematic review of scientific literature on the theme of multifunctional streets. Scientific papers were filtered from Web of Science and Scopus. Only scientific papers of the last 10 years were included. We will first present a survey of the field and then focus on the empirical papers that help us identify the physical factors which have been proven to support and improve the different functions of streets, from the social and ecologic to the economic and technical. The empirical studies represent 24% of the scientific papers selected, where the social function is the one most frequently studied, followed by the ecologic and the economic function. Within the social function the empirical papers in relation to health (39%) and safety (21%) dominate, followed by the ones studying liveability (9%). We will focus on empirical studies on the themes of Liveability and Safety, two important variables of the Social function, interrelating yet often conflicting.
Resilience hubs: a Maui case study to inform strategies for upscaling to resilience hub networks across coastal, remote, and island communities
Authors: de Roode A F , Martinac I
Published: November 2020

Resilience hubs are buildings that enhance community cohesion during normal operations, while also enhancing resilience during emergencies. Maui Island is part of the Hawaiian archipelago, approximately 2500 miles from the nearest major continent. Due to its remote location, Maui is ideal to pilot projects that enhance resilience in isolated communities. At the neighborhood-scale, there is a need for establishing sites that empower communities to strengthen their cohesion, resilience and self-sufficiency. This can be achieved by investing in facilities that offer critical community services during emergencies (e.g. backup power, telecommunications, medical supplies, shelter from weather, and food and water rations). Ideally, local communities have a sense of ownership of resilience hubs and frequently use them during both normal and emergency periods. This ensures that hubs are accepted and trusted. Use cases presented in this research offer a methodology for assessing the suitability of proposed resilience hub pilot sites. Resilience hubs must also be assessed for vulnerabilities to climate change impacts and natural disasters, such as flooding, tsunamis, hurricanes, wildfires, and sea level rise. Resilient power systems can be developed for resilience hubs to ensure services are powered whether the power grid is operational or down, as well as to provide additional benefits during normal periods. These methodologies can be used by communities pursuing the establishment of resilience hubs. The highlighted methodologies are particularly applicable to island communities, coastal areas and remote locations, which are disproportionately affected by climate change impacts and natural disasters. This research paper describes three sites on Maui assessed for their suitability as resilience hubs by using the aforementioned methodologies. This research provides a methodology for establishing local resilience hubs on Maui, and how to upscale for application in other communities facing similar conditions. Once established, resilience hubs become a critical part of community resilience planning, while providing year-round benefits and services to local residents and enhancing community cohesion and emergency response and recovery capabilities.
Towards sustainable design: Integrating data from operation of buildings in design practices
Authors: Saridaki Maria , Haugbølle Kim
Published: November 2020

In recent years, the Danish Architecture, Engineering and Construction industry has shown increased interest in sustainability in contributing to the achievement of the UN 17 sustainable development goals. Sustainable design is, however, hampered by lack of information and weak data integration especially in the early design stages of building projects. In order to overcome these challenges, research has proposed transferring information from operation to the design of new buildings. By conducting a case study analysis in a Danish architecture firm, this research aims to explore the form of collaboration between architects and building client, and how this collaboration can support or inhibit the calculations of life cycle costing as an essential part of sustainable design practices. The data, for this exploratory research, are gathered through direct observations, surveys and semi-structured interviews. Structured analysis is used as the theoretical methodology to map the flow of data in a paradigmatic building project of the case company and recognize existing forms of knowledge transfer and areas of improvement. The results indicate that there are significant potentials of collaboration, however, several actions should be taken from both sides in order to enable information and data exchange. By improving the collaboration with building clients, architects will gain access to information from operation of buildings, which can be effectively used in architecture design improving the sustainability of buildings and contributing to SDG-9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure.
Demonstrating the applicability and value of high level OECD policy goals through the delivery of operational services
Authors: Lübkert Peter , Halimi Stephanie , Amancio Mel Rusu
Published: November 2020

“The OECD provides a forum in which governments work together to seek solutions to common problems, share experiences and identify best practices to promote better policies for better lives”. Thus the Organisation develops global standards to address current and emerging challenges in diverse domains. Related high-level policy goals compose the OECD’s vision of a stronger, cleaner, fairer world economy and society. In this context, the OECD’s facilities management division decided to “translate” high level policy advice into actionable principles when providing operational services in support of the daily work of the Organisation’s activities. The delivery of these services consider best practices and policy orientations developed by the Organisation in domains such as waste management, green growth or public procurement. They also relate to several of the UN Sustainable Development Goals that the OECD supports by bringing together its existing knowledge, tools and experience. Spearheaded by the OECD Executive Directorate, the division in charge of facilities management has made the promotion of good environmental and sustainable practices a priority for the past decade. Waste prevention, reduction and recycling are part of this engagement just as the certification of building infrastructure and related processes. The objective is to demonstrate the applicability and pertinence of policy recommendations in operational support activities.
Action Research for sustainability: co-creation overcoming fragmentation in multidisciplinary design teams
Authors: Grosse E , Femenias P
Published: November 2020

Sustainable transitions are challenging management and leadership in architectural practice. As means to overcome fragmentation and drive for sustainability, co-creation has become an emerging trend in construction management research and architectural practice. The early ‘fuzzy’ phase of projects has been identified as of great importance to integrate multidisciplinary perspectives in the design. With action research in architectural practice, three perspectives of co-creation processes were explored to achieve an integrated sustainable design. The experiences are reflected upon, in-action and in retrospect, and through the FfC framework (Framework for Co-designing), the paper contributes with new insight on success/advantage of co-creation processes for sustainable design. Such advantages include the integration of multidisciplinary competences, the creation of stakeholder value and engagement in early phase construction. Further, action research, and especially Gestalt practice and theory, brought a new relational approach to co-creation processes in early design. The architect, in the new role as ‘knowledge-process designer’, shifts focus towards designing interaction instead of artefacts, and thus contributes to SDG 17-Partnerships. The contribution to practice was twofold; 1) a new digital participatory design tool; 2) an innovative sustainable design solution for urban resilience supporting SDGs 11-Sustianable cities, 3-Health, and 14-Climate.
Vitality Housing – A Total Solution to Service Transitional Social Housing in Hong Kong
Authors: Lo T , Lee K , Rose E , Seo B , Au I
Published: November 2020

In Hong Kong, about two percent of the population lives in squalid, overcrowded housing. Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) advocate that Transitional Social Housing (TSH), which broke the dichotomous housing supply (public vs. private) and can promote changes in Hong Kong’s housing system, should be built to provide better quality shelters and supportive services to the underserved group. Scale of economy, efficiency, affordability and sustainability are all keys for success for the TSH program. In this regard, the paper proposes a beacon TSH service model called ‘Vitality Housing’ as a total solution to equip NGOs with the necessary knowledge to operate and deliver large scale of TSH in Hong Kong. The model suggests: (i) engaging NGOs in design processes to incorporate their needs, (ii) working with design, construction and housing management professionals to adopt cutting-edge technology to reduce life cycle costs, and expediting the TSH delivery, (iii) partnering with asset managers to develop a sustainable financing model for TSH development, and (iv) using a knowledge sharing platform to transfer property development and management knowledge to the NGOs. This model can help local NGOs to learn more efficient approaches to operating TSH based on their expertise in providing social services for the poor.
Self-help housing for the urban poor: Appraising the usefulness of group saving schemes
Authors: Qumbisa N M R , Emuze F , Smallwood J
Published: November 2020

Issues concerning finance and project delivery capabilities have remained as the main barriers to the successful implementation of pro-urban poor housing strategies. One such strategy is the initiation of group saving schemes. Based on a review of the Federation of the Urban Poor (FEDUP) within the South African context, the performance of this strategy was appraised while exploring the potential of using Capability Maturity Models to improve levels of performance. A qualitative research approach for data collection, analysis and presentation was used for this study. The data collection techniques included semi-structured interviews, structured observations, household surveys and a focus group discussion. The participants in the study included stakeholders of the FEDUP Scheme, which included project managers from FEDUP and the project developers and beneficiaries of the model. Results exemplified how the FEDUP Group Savings Scheme Model could enhance the current, unsustainable, public housing delivery mechanisms. Therefore, the study has the potential to improve the performance of all group savings scheme models used to consolidate housing.
What does energy mean for people? Perspectives on renovation and energy retrofit among Swedish tenants
Authors: Femenías P. , Knutsson A. , Jonsdotter L.
Published: November 2020

The study reports from an on-going study of tenants’ view on energy retrofit. The first results, which are based on 27 qualitative interviews show a generally positive attitude to energy saving and environmental protection. However, many tenants are not familiar with the link between energy use and energy retrofit, and the idea of energy saving might oppose to the actual willingness to contribute. One important lesson from these preliminary results is that the project owners have overlooked the importance of informing the tenants about the energy retrofit and what measures that are implemented. This leaves the tenants to their own interpretation of the matter and in some examples a negative image is created. In order to transition from the idea of personal benefit from energy retrofit to a larger responsibility and willingness to participate to society at large, we suggest that tenants are invited to discuss energy retrofit and that they are properly informed about implemented energy saving measures.
Advancing sustainability in prefabricated buildings
Authors: Tsikaloudaki K G , Theodosiou T G , Giarma C S , Kontoleon K J , Aravantinos D G , Tsoka S P , Tsirigoti D C , Chastas P D , Karaoulis A C
Published: November 2020

The paper concerns the development of an innovative building module with advanced thermophysical and mechanical properties that will be used in constructing sustainable prefabricated buildings with high structural, hygrothermal, energy, acoustic, fire and environmental performance at the minimum possible time and cost. In this paper, the configuration of the new building element, as well as its hygrothermal, energy, acoustic and environmental performances are presented. In addition, its contribution to forming a sustainable, energy efficient, affordable building is investigated.
Preservation Technique of Filamentous Fungi Based on Inactive Metabolism at Indonesian Culture Collection (InaCC)
Authors: Rohadi Hasnadhiazahra , Ilyas Muhammad , Ekowati Nuraeni
Published: November 2020

Preservation is the act of preserving to keep, maintain, and conserve microbial strains to ensure their optimal viability and genetic stability. A wide variety of preservation techniques are available for preserving filamentous fungi. Most of the metabolically inactive preservation, such as freezing, cryopreservation, lyophilization, or L-drying, is widely accepted for long-term preservation of filamentous fungi with minimum viability loss and genetic changes. This study determined the viability and effectiveness of freezing or cryopreservation method in a fungal assemblage from the Indonesian Culture Collection (InaCC). The viability and growth rate of 40 fungal strains from InaCC were tested after three years of storage in the electric deep freezer (-80°C with 10% glycerol and 5% trehalose as cryoprotectant). The results showed that 95% of the observed strains could maintain their viability and growth rate after cryopreserved and storage for more than three years at -80°C. However, 5% of them showed a low growth rate and loss of viability. It was concluded that the cryopreservation technique by freezing at -80°C is suitable to maintain the viability of filamentous fungal cultures.
Diversity and Intensity of Protozoan Ectoparasites of Black Tiger Prawn (Penaeus monodon Fab.) from Segara Anakan, Cilacap, Central Java
Authors: Riwidiharso Edy , Santoso Slamet , Rokhmani
Published: November 2020

Ectoparasites can infect tiger prawns (Penaeus monodonFab.) in which their ectoparasite-host relationship may be influenced by environmental conditions such as temperature, geographical location, water depth, and anthropogenic disturbances. This study aimed to determine the intensity of ectoparasite infection and to measure the parasite diversity in tiger prawns. Samples were taken randomly from the Sleko fish market in South Cilacap. The results revealed that the highest ectoparasite intensity wasZoothamniumsp. (29.33 individuals per prawn), indicating a moderate attack rate. The lowest ectoparasite intensity wasVorticellasp. (6.27 individuals per prawn) suggesting low attack rate. The ectoparasite diversity on tiger prawns reached 1.00 implying a moderate level of diversity.
Contribution of Community Forest of Banyumas Regency on CO2 Absorption
Authors: Sudiana Eming , Yani Edy , Widhiono Imam
Published: November 2020

A study on the absorption of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the plant was conducted at low land and private highland forest. The purpose of this study was to get plant species with high CO2 absorption in both lowland and upland of the private forest. The study used a survey method. The location was grouped into two strata, namely lowland and highland of the private forest. The sample of composition of the private forest vegetation at both lowland and highlands location was carried out by using quadrat 10 m x 10 m. The capacity of the plant CO2 absorption was analyzed through the mass of carbohydrates. The results showed that there are 27 species of plants that consistently composed at both strata of private forest. These species consist of both trees, and crops with the number of species were 21 and 6 species, respectively. Species of trees that have a high absorption of CO2 are Tectona grandis, Neolamarckia cadamba, Havea brasiliensis, Coffeea robusta, Gmelina arborea, Cocos nucifera, Mangifera indica, Hibiscus macrophyllus, Canna edulis, Vigna sinensis, Zea mays, and Calocasia esculenta. The results of this study can be used as a basis for preparing a sustainable private forest pattern-based on the high absorption of CO2.
Predation Capacity of Phytoseius crinitus Swirski Et Schebter on Each Stage of Tetranychus urticae and Alternative Food for Laboratory Mass Rearing
Authors: Budianto BH , Basuki E
Published: November 2020

Providing a sensible breeding stock of predatory mites for a biological control system is important. For this purpose, the predatory mites need high feeding capacity on every stage of pest mites and high survival rates on alternative food. This research aimed at testing the predation capacity of P. crinitus on each stage of development of pest mites T. urticae, and investigating appropriate alternative food for laboratory rearing of predatory mites P. crinitus. Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was used in this research. For investigating the predation capacity of P. crinitus, we performed 20 experiments consisted of treatments with eggs, larvae, nymphs, and adults of T. urticae, with five replicates. The variable for these experiments was the number of individuals of each stage of T. urticae consumed by P. crinitus during the period of 24. For investigating the proper alternative food for predatory mites, P. crinitus were given a free choice between pollen of Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd and pollen of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L, with six replicates. The variables of survival rate, facundity, duration of oviposition, and the length of the life cycle of P. crinitus were recorded for each alternative food. All experiments were conducted in room temperatures (-) and rH (-). The data were analyzed using the F test and followed by Least Significant Difference (LSD) with error levels of 5% and 1%. The results indicated that predatory mites P. crinitus consumed eggs more than other developmental stages of T. urticae. In terms of alternative food, the pollen of Euphorbia pulcherrima was more suitable for laboratory mass rearing of P. crinitus.
Diversity Dynamics of Semarang Apple (Syzygium samarangense)
Authors: Widodo P , Hidayah HA , Chasanah T
Published: November 2020

Semarang apple (Syzygium samarangense) is one of the popular tropical fruits in Indonesia and its vicinity. This research was carried out in connection with diversity changes due to various factors. There are many lost cultivars because of cutting down. This study aimed to find out the diversity change of semarang apple in Java by a survey. Some permanent plots were established in some locations in Java. The results showed some reduction in cultivar number, but some new records of semarang apple cultivars were also recorded.
Latency of Sugar Selection Behavior in German Cockroaches, Blattella germanica (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae)
Authors: Ambarningrum TB , Fitri LL , Putra RE , Margaretha A , Ahmad I
Published: November 2020

Sugar is a phagostimulant component of cockroaches bait. Knowledge of the chemosensory response of German cockroaches to sugar is necessary to design bait formulations. This study was aimed to determine the behavior of sugar selection by German cockroaches, based on latency parameters toward the bait. Observation methods were done using behavior sampling with CCTV cameras. Observations were made on fifteen mixed-sex from VCRU, BKL, PDG, JKT-b, and PKU-b strains with the treatment of plain agar and agar containing four types of sugar i.e., glucose, fructose, sucrose, and maltose with a concentration of 1 M each. The observation was carried out for 12 hours. Data were analyzed using Two-way ANOVA followed by the Duncan test for p<0.05. Correlation between sugar and latency was analyzed with redundancy analysis. The result showed that the treatment but not the strain influenced the behavior of latency. The VCRU, BKL, PDG, and JKT-b strain were showed the fastest latency toward maltose and sucrose, while the PKU-b strain was toward plain agar. There was a strong correlation between sugar and latency for 0.77 (axis 1) and 0.61 (axis 2), with a total variance of 89.7% resulted from the redundancy analysis. Those indicate that the German cockroaches perform the sugar selection with a preference of maltose, and sucrose is more stimulating than glucose and fructose.
Species Richness and Longitudinal Distribution of Macrobenthos at River Pelus in Banyumas
Authors: Sastranegara MH , Pulungsari AE , Winarni ET , Kusbiyanto  , Ramdani Febry , Andriyani Lisa , Putri DN
Published: November 2020

There was a degraded ecosystem and an affected decreasing nekton and microbenthos at River Pelus. So far, no publication of macrobenthos is available. The research purpose was to map species richness and longitudinal distribution of macrobenthos. The survey method was taken with stratified random sampling in eight stations and five replicates from May to July 2018. The result showed ten species of macrobenthos. All species belonged to class Malacostraca (four species) and Gastropoda (six species). Of the four species collected in all replicates, Macrobrachium oenone categorized as an indicator species that only lived in Station II because there were a boulder substrate and good water quality. In the same class, M. pilimanus, Parathelpusa bogoriensis, and P. convexa were in all stations except station V because there was a sand substrate and poor water quality. In station V, there were only two species of gastropod, Melanoides riquerti and Pomacea canaliculata that could live. In general, there were a cosmopolitan species that could live in all substrates and water quality such asM. riquerti. For a longitudinal distribution map, there was a unique tendency of decreasing species richness numbers due to the river weir.
Metal Concentrations and Bio-Concentration Factor (BCF) in Surface Water and Economical Fish Species from Wadaslintang Multipurpose Dam, Wonosobo, Indonesia
Authors: Rahayu Diana RUS , Anggoro Sutrisno , Soeprobowati Tri Retnaningsih
Published: November 2020

Changes in land use and increasing anthropogenic activities in the catchment area of the Wadaslintang Reservoir have the potential to pollute the water. One of the pollutants that have an impact on human health is heavy metals. This study aimed to analyze the concentrations of heavy metals cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) in surface water and some economical fish, and to calculate bioconcentration factors. The samples were taken by a purposive random sampling method at the research station that represents the area of floating net cages, dam inlets, and outlets. Fish samples were obtained from fishers and floating net cage farmers. The analysis showed that the average concentration of heavy metals in fish was relatively higher than the concentration in water. The range and average concentrations of Pb, Cd, and Cu in water have exceeded the second class quality standards of the Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 82 of 2001. The concentration of heavy metals and cadmium in fish samples has exceeded the maximum limit of heavy metal contamination based on SNI 7387: 2009. Based on the bioconcentration factor (BCFo-w) value, and the concentration of heavy metals in the fish showed the ability offish to accumulate heavy metals in water in the order of Zn> Cd> Cu> Pb.
The Effects of Pineapple Peel in Media In Vitro on The Phalaenopsis amabilis Growth
Authors: Budisantoso Iman , Kamsinah  , Hikmaturrosyadah Asna
Published: November 2020

Phalaenopsis sp is an orchid with a relatively high economic value. In vitro propagation of this orchid on growth media and additional nutrition influence its seedling growth. Pineapple peel provides the required nutrients for a seedling to grow. It contains 81.72% water, 20.87% fiber, 17.53% carbohydrate, 4.41% protein, and 13.65% sugar. It also supplies minerals including Ca (3.31 mg/L), S02 (169.7 mg/L), P03 (223.8 mg/L), Mg (62.50 mg/L), Mn (13.97 mg/L), Fe (5.43 mg/L), Co (0.07 mg/L), Cu (2.02 mg/L) and Na (8.61 mg/L). The study aimed to determine the effects of pineapple peel on Phalaenopsis sp growth, and to obtain the best concentration of pineapple peel for the orchid. The experiments applied Completely Randomized Design with five treatments of pineapple peel levels, i.e., control, 50 g/L, 100 g/L, 150 g/L, and 200 g/L. Each treatment was replicated three times. The parameters observed consisted of leaf number and length, root number and length after 12 weeks. The results showed that pineapple peel affected the growth oí Phalaenopsis amabilis seedlings. The best concentration for leaf length (3.06 cm) and root length (5.85 cm) was 100 g/L.
Antioxidant Activity and Flavonoid Contents of Daun Dewa (Gynura pseudochina) in Various Substrates with Humic Acid Treatment
Authors: Proklamasiningsih Elly , Budisantoso Iman , Kamsinah Kamsinah , Widodo Pudji
Published: November 2020

Daun dewa (Gynura pseudochina) is a potential producer of a medicinally active compound. Several active compounds contained were steroid, saponin, flavonoid, tannin, and essential oils. The benefit of G. pseudochina as medicine includes anticoagulant (prevent blood clot) and blood liquefaction. The use of zeolite and sand as substrates in this study shall give information about the active compound in the plant. Thus, the objectives of this study were to know the effect of substrate towards the active compound and flavonoid contents, also to determine the effective substrate that leads to the higher activity of antioxidant and flavonoid contents in G. pseudochina. This study used an experimental method with a two-factor factorial, completely randomized design. The first factor was substrates, consist of zeolite and sand substrates. The second factor was the treatment of humic acid concentrations, 0 g/kg; 4g/kg; 8 g/kg; 12g/kg. There were a total of 24 units of experiment, which consist of 8 combinations of treatments with three replications each. The result showed that both zeolite and sand substrates affected the growth and antioxidant activity of G. pseudochina. Zeolite substrate enhanced the antioxidant activity, yet it did not increase the growth. Meanwhile, the sand substrate increased growth. The treatment of 8 g/kg humic acid in a zeolite substrate enhanced the antioxidant activity. The treatment of humic acid in both zeolite and sand substrates could be used to improve the growth and antioxidant activity in G. pseudochina.
The Effect of Cobalt 60 Gamma Rays Irradiation on Anatomical Characters and Chlorophyll Content of Winged-Bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC)
Authors: Samiyarsih Siti , Palupi Dian , Fitrianto Nur , Naipospos Nettyani
Published: November 2020

Winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC) is an alternative food source that can be cultivated optimally. The application of mutation techniques on winged bean can provide genetic variations and have an essential role in the agricultural industry, especially in the assembly of superior cultivars. This research aimed to determine the anatomical response and chlorophyll content of winged plants undergoing mutations due to Cobalt 60 gamma-ray radiation and finding out the differences in the anatomical character between mutated and unmutated winged leaves. The experiments used a factorial, Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The factor I was winged plants and factor II was the concentration of Cobalt 60 radiation (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 grays), each with 5 replicates. The results showed that the Cobalt 60 gamma-ray radiation increased the cuticle and leaf mesophyll thickness, but decreased the stomatal length and density of winged leaves. Cobalt 60 ray radiation affects the chlorophyll content of winged leaves. The total chlorophyll content has increased significantly, followed by an increase in the amount of gamma-ray radiation. The exposure radiation time of 40 minutes gives a response of high anatomical character and chlorophyll content than the exposure for 20 minutes.