bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A template for physical resilience research in older adults: Methods of the PRIME‐KNEE study
Authors: Whitson Heather E. , Crabtree Donna , Pieper Carl F. , Ha Christine , Au Sandra , Berger Miles , Cohen Harvey J. , Feld Jody , Smith Patrick , Hall Katherine , Parker Daniel , Kraus Virginia Byers , Kraus William E. , Schmader Kenneth , Colón‐Emeric Cathleen
Published: July 2021

Background

Older adults with similar health conditions often experience widely divergent outcomes following health stressors. Variable recovery after a health stressor may be due in part to differences in biological mechanisms at the molecular, cellular, or system level, that are elicited in response to stressors. We describe the PRIME‐KNEE study as an example of ongoing research to validate provocative clinical tests and biomarkers that predict resilience to specific health stressors.

Methods

PRIME‐KNEE is an ongoing, prospective cohort study that will enroll 250 adults ≥60 years undergoing total knee arthroplasty. Data are collected at baseline (pre‐surgery), during surgery, daily for 7 days after surgery, and at 1, 2, 4, and 6 months post‐surgery. Provocative tests include a cognition‐motor dual‐task walking test, cerebrovascular reactivity assessed by functional near‐infrared spectroscopy, peripheral blood mononuclear cell reactivity ex vivo to lipopolysaccharide toxin and influenza vaccine, and heart rate variability during surgery. Cognitive, psychological, and physical performance batteries are collected at baseline to estimate prestressor reserve. Demographics, medications, comorbidities, and stressor characteristics are abstracted from the electronic medical record and via participant interview. Blood‐based biomarkers are collected at baseline and postoperative day 1. Repeated measures after surgery include items from a delirium assessment tool and pain scales administered daily by telephone for 7 days and cognitive change index (participant and informant), lower extremity activities of daily living, pain scales, and step counts assessed by Garmin actigraphy at 1, 2, 4, and 6 months after surgery. Statistical models use these measures to characterize resilience phenotypes and evaluate prestressor clinical indicators associated with poststressor resilience.

Conclusion

If PRIME‐KNEE validates feasible clinical tests and biomarkers that predict recovery trajectories in older surgical patients, these tools may inform surgical decision‐making, guide pre‐habilitation efforts, and elucidate mechanisms underlying resilience. This study design could motivate future geriatric research on resilience.
Progression of powdery mildew in susceptible‐resistant wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars sown at different dates
Authors: Naseri Bita , Sheikholeslami Mahyar
Published: July 2021

A better understanding of non‐climatic predictors of temporal dynamics of wheat powdery mildew is needed to improve accuracy of disease measurement for breeding and control programmes. The present study examined fourteen types of standard curves to model powdery mildew progress data collected from 282 plots of commercial wheat cultivars sown at different dates over four growing seasons (2013–2017). An exponential model was fitted to disease progress data, and then, relationships between commonly used disease descriptors and exponential parameters were examined. From exponential function, parameters b and r defined disease increase factor and rate of disease increase, respectively. This model described a slow increase of wheat powdery mildew at first, followed by a more rapid increase lacking bound. According to Kruskal–Wallis one‐way ANOVA results, wheat resistance and sowing date were significantly effective on area under disease progress curve (AUDPC), maximum disease severity and exponential parameter b. Greatest mean values for AUDPC, maximum severity and exponential parameter b were detected in later sowings of susceptible cultivars. There were significant correlations between powdery mildew curve elements. Based on principal component analysis, AUDPC, disease onset time, maximum severity and exponential parameters b and r accounted for 77% of total data variance. This information on specific predictors of wheat powdery mildew progress may improve accuracy of future disease estimates in breeding and control programmes.
Characterization of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma solani’ associated with a maize leaf reddening disease in Turkey
Authors: Çağlar Behçet Kemal , Şimşek Eray , Dikilitas Murat , Bertaccini Assunta
Published: July 2021

In recent years, empty or poor grain bearing corn plants with leaf reddening symptoms have been observed in some commercial maize production areas in the Adana province of Turkey. The disease is increasing and causing economic losses. To verify the possible presence of phytoplasmas, leaf samples were tested with P1/Tint and R16F2n/R2 phytoplasma‐specific primer pairs after DNA extraction. The 16S ribosomal gene sequence analysis followed by sequence in silico enzyme digestions and phylogenetic analyses allowed the identification of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma solani’, subgroup of 16SrXII‐A related‐strain in all symptomatic samples. The positive samples were characterized using tuf and vmp1 genes. In silico restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequence analyses allowed the inclusion of all the positive samples into tuf‐type b and V15 molecular types. The sequence analysis indicated the presence of a single genotype in all the tested samples (n = 12). This is the first molecular characterization of a ‘Ca. P. solani’ strain infecting maize plants in Turkey. The identified pathogen is listed in the EPPO A2 list.
Assessment of methods for detecting an opportunistic and expanding mesocarnivore in southwestern Europe
Authors: Descalzo E. , Jiménez J. , Delibes‐Mateos M. , Díaz‐Ruiz F. , Ferreras P.
Published: July 2021

Knowing the distribution of expanding carnivore species is paramount for identifying and addressing potential human–wildlife conflicts. Occupancy models are useful tools to estimate the distribution and the probability of detection of wildlife species. In this study, we used these models with an empirical dataset to compare different survey methods and their combinations in order to optimize the estimated distribution in central Iberian Peninsula of the Egyptian mongoose (Herpestes ichneumon), the only Herpestidae species occurring in Europe. In particular, we aimed to identify the most cost‐effective (most accurate, with the lowest bias and cost) method or combination of methods. Sign surveys along transects on foot, hair‐traps (baited and unbaited) and camera‐traps were used as detection methods. We replicated these methods in 10 sampling units within four study zones in which the species was known to occur. We employed occupancy models to estimate the detection probability for each method in each zone, using covariates exclusively for detection probability, and made combinations of all methods. Camera‐trapping was the most precise and least biased single method, followed by transects on foot. In contrast, both baited and unbaited hair‐traps produced biased estimates of occupancy. However, camera‐traps was the most costly method, whereas single unbaited hair‐traps had the lowest cost. Our results demonstrate that the combination of several methods provides more precise and unbiased estimates of occupancy than those obtained from single methods. Even so, a biased method could contribute to improve the estimates if combined with other unbiased and precise methods. We recommend considering not only the precision and bias, but also the cost and effort required by each method to achieve the most cost‐effective results in distribution studies of carnivore species.
Effect of enteral immunomodulatory nutrition formula on mortality and critical care parameters in critically ill patients: A systematic review with meta‐analysis
Authors: Malekahmadi Mahsa , Pahlavani Naseh , Firouzi Safieh , Clayton Zachary S. , Islam Sheikh Mohammed Shariful , Rezaei Zonooz Sanaz , Moradi Moghaddam Omid , Soltani Sepideh
Published: July 2021

Background

Enteral immunomodulatory nutrition is recommended as an adjuvant therapy for patients in intensive care units (ICU), but its effectiveness is incompletely understood.

Aim

The aim of this review was to examine the effect of a commonly used immunomodulatory formula—omega‐3 fatty acids, γ‐linolenic acid, and antioxidants—on clinical outcomes and mortality risk in critically ill patients.

Design

Systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Method

PubMed, Scopus, and Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) Web of Knowledge databases were searched until 18 February 2021. RCTs that used the immunomodulatory formula in the ICU were included.

Results

Ten RCTs (1166 participants) were included in the meta‐analysis. The immunomodulatory formula reduced the duration of ICU stay weighted mean difference [(WMD): −2.97 days; 95%CI: −5.59, −0.35)], mechanical ventilation (WMD = −2.20 days, 95%CI: −4.29, −0.10), sequential organ failure assessment and multiple organ dysfunction scores (Hedge's g: −0.42 U/L; 95% CI: −0.74, −0.11), decreased 8‐day overall mortality risk (RR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.58, 0.91), and extended the ICU‐free days (WMD: 4.06 days, 95% CI: 0.02, 8.09). The improvement in respiratory function and reduction in mortality risk was more in patients with acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Furthermore, the reduction in mechanical ventilation and mortality risk was more evident in older (>60 years) vs young adults.

Conclusion and Relevance to Clinical Practice

Taken together, the immunomodulatory formula may enhance clinical practice for critical care nurses, such that the prevalence and/or susceptibility to secondary conditions commonly encountered in the ICU (ie, ALI and ARDS) could be attenuated, ultimately allowing critical care nurses to focus their care on the primary reason for which a patient is in the ICU.

The study protocol was registered in PROSPERO.
Quantitative assessment of the effects of biochar amendment on photosynthetic carbon assimilation and dynamics in a rice–soil system
Authors: Liu Zhiwei , Wu Xiulan , Li Shixian , Liu Wei , Bian Rongjun , Zhang Xuhui , Zheng Jufeng , Drosos Marios , Li Lianqing , Pan Genxing
Published: July 2021

Biochar amendment has been proposed as a promising means to increase carbon (C) sequestration and simultaneously benefit plant productivity. However, quantifying the assimilation and dynamics of photosynthetic C in plant–soil systems under biochar addition remains elusive.

This study established two experimental factors involving biochar addition and nitrogen (N) fertilization to quantitatively assess the effect of biochar on photosynthetic C fate in a rice plant–soil system. The rice plants and soil samples were collected and analyzed after 6‐h pulse labeling with 13CO2 at the tillering, jointing, heading and ripening stages.

Biochar did not affect the proportions of photoassimilated carbon‐13 (13C) allocations in plant–soil systems. Nevertheless, biochar enhanced the 13C contents in the shoot, root, and soil pools, especially when combined with N fertilization, and biochar increased the cumulative assimilated 13C contents in the shoot, root, and soil pools by 23%, 14% and 20%, respectively, throughout the whole growth stage. Moreover, biochar addition significantly enhanced the N use efficiency (NUE) by c. 23% at the heading and ripening stages.

In summary, biochar increases the content of photoassimilated C in plant–soil systems by improving plant productivity via enhancing NUE, thus resulting in a higher soil C sequestration potential.
Patterns of response and drugs involved in hypersensitivity reactions to beta‐lactams in children
Authors: Torres‐Rojas Isabel , Pérez‐Alzate Diana , Somoza Maria Luisa , Haroun Diaz Elisa , Ruano Pérez Francisco Javier , Prieto‐Moreno Pfeifer Ana , Jimenez‐Rodriguez Teodorikez W. , Fernandez Sánchez Javier , Blanca Miguel , Canto Diez Gabriela , Blanca‐López Natalia
Published: July 2021

Background

Beta‐lactams generate different allergenic determinants that induce selective or cross‐reactive drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs). We aimed to identify the drugs involved, the selectivity of the response, the mechanism, and the value of the different diagnostic tests for establishing a diagnosis in children evaluated for DHRs to beta‐lactams.

Methods

Prospective study evaluating children aged under 16 years reporting DHRs to beta‐lactams. Reactions were classified as immediate and non‐immediate reactions. The workup included sIgE, skin testing, and drug provocation tests (DPTs) for immediate reactions and patch testing and DPTs for non‐immediate ones.

Results

Of the 510 children included, 133 were evaluated for immediate reactions and confirmed in 8.3%. Skin test/in vitro IgE contributed to diagnosing half of the cases. Selective reactions occurred with amoxicillin (63%), followed by common penicillin determinants (27%) and cephalosporins (0.9%).

Among non‐immediate reactions (11.4% of the 377 children evaluated), most required DPTs, 52.7% of which were positive at 6–7 days of drug challenge. Selective reactions were identified with amoxicillin (80%), penicillin G (7.5%), cephalosporins (7.5%), and clavulanic acid (5%). Urticaria and maculopapular exanthema were the most frequent entities.

Conclusions

There were few confirmed cases of either type of reaction. Skin testing proved less valuable in non‐immediate reactions, over half of which would also have been lost in a short DPT protocol. Selective responders to amoxicillin were more likely to have non‐immediate reactions, while clavulanic acid selectivity was exclusive to the non‐immediate typology. Over half the cases with DPTs required 6–7 days of treatment for DHR confirmation.
The impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on pediatric hospitalization in Kitami, Japan
Authors: Maruo Yuji , Ishikawa Shinichi , Oura Kazumi , Shiraishi Haruki , Sato Norio , Suganuma Takashi , Mikawa Makoto , Sato Tomonobu
Published: July 2021

Background

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has drastically changed the recommended activities and environment for patients worldwide. Our aim was to assess the impact of COVID‐19 on pediatric hospitalizations in Kitami, Japan.

Methods

A retrospective, single‐center study was conducted on hospitalized patients aged 0–14 years at the Japanese Red Cross Kitami Hospital. We compared the incidence of pediatric patients hospitalized in 2020 with those in 2017–2019.

Results

The number of pediatric hospitalized patients dropped significantly in 2020 compared to that in 2017–2019 (median 43.0 vs 78.5 per month,P< 0.001). The patients were significantly older in 2020 (4.3 vs 3.4 years,P< 0.001). Hospitalization from respiratory (8.5 vs 30.5,P< 0.001) and gastrointestinal infections (3.0 vs 6.0,P= 0.004) significantly decreased. Admission due to respiratory syncytial virus (0.0 vs 4.0,P< 0.001), human metapneumovirus (0.0 vs 1.0,P= 0.005), influenza (0.0 vs 0.0,P= 0.009), adenovirus (0.0 vs 1.0,P= 0.003), and rotavirus infection (0.0 vs 0.0,P= 0.025) also decreased significantly. The <1–5 age groups significantly decreased (<1 year old, 6.5 vs 12.5,P< 0.001; 1–3 years old, 13.0 vs 29.5,P< 0.001; 4–5 years old, 5.5 vs 11.5,P< 0.001). Hospitalization due to foreign body ingestions increased significantly in 2020 (1.0 vs 0.0,P= 0.010).

Conclusions

The COVID‐19 control measures inadvertently reduced the number of hospitalized pediatric patients, especially younger children with respiratory and gastrointestinal infections.
Thromboprophylaxis after kidney transplantation in children: Ten‐year experience of a single Brazilian center
Authors: Beatrice Julia Maimone , Takahashi Marcelo Straus , Celeste Daniele Martins , Watanabe Andreia , Koch Vera Hermina Kalika , Carneiro Jorge David Aivazoglou
Published: July 2021

Background

Kidney transplantation is the gold standard treatment for children with end‐stage chronic kidney disease. Graft thrombosis is an important cause of graft failure, with high morbidity, mortality, and impact on quality of life and to the health system. The role of thromboprophylaxis in this setting is still uncertain. We describe the demographic characteristics and thrombotic risk factors in pediatric renal transplant recipients, determining the rate of renal graft thrombosis, and discuss the role of thromboprophylaxis.

Methods

This retrospective study reviewed 96 pediatric renal transplantations between 2008 and 2017 in a single hospital. Patients were assigned to one of two groups: children who did not receive thromboprophylaxis after transplantation and those who did. We reported their characteristics, comparing the incidence of graft thrombosis and hemorrhagic complications between the groups.

Results

Forty‐nine patients (51%) received thromboprophylaxis. Thrombosis occurred in 5 patients who did not receive thromboprophylaxis (5.2%) compared with none in the group that did (p = .025). In all patients, renal graft thrombosis resulted in early graft loss. Thirteen patients had hemorrhagic complications. Seven were unrelated to pharmacological thromboprophylaxis (2 major, 1 moderate, and 4 minor bleeding, which either did not receive thromboprophylaxis or had bleeding prior to thromboprophylaxis), while six occurred during heparinization (2 major, 1 moderate, and 3 minor bleeding). There was no significant difference in the rate of hemorrhagic complications between the groups (p = .105).

Conclusions

The rate of renal graft thrombosis was 5.2%. Thrombosis remains an important cause of early graft loss. Thromboprophylaxis was associated with a reduction in graft thrombosis without increased risk of bleeding.
COVID‐19 in lung transplant recipients: A single‐center experience
Authors: Turkkan Sinan , Beyoglu Muhammet Ali , Sahin Mehmet Furkan , Yazicioglu Alkın , Tezer Tekce Yasemin , Yekeler Erdal
Published: July 2021

Background

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is a global health problem. However, the course of this disease in immunosuppressed patients remains unknown. This study aimed to describe the course of COVID‐19 infection and its effects on lung transplant recipients.

Methods

This was a single‐center, retrospective, observational study. The recipients with suspicious symptoms and/or a contact history with infected individuals were diagnosed with COVID‐19 by performing a reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) test using samples obtained from the nasopharynx swabs or bronchial lavage. We classified the patients into mild, moderate, and high severity groups according to their clinical conditions. In patients with positive RT‐PCR results, cell cycle inhibitor drugs were withdrawn, while steroids were maintained at the same level as in patients without clinical deterioration.

Results

Of the seven recipients diagnosed with COVID‐19 infection, one experienced a re‐infection. Each recipient had at least one comorbidity. Smell disorder (12.5%), cough/dyspnea (37%), and fever/chills/shivering (37%) were the most frequent symptoms. The mean follow‐up time after infection was 108 days. No deaths were recorded due to COVID‐19; however, the pulmonary function test values of two recipients were decreased during subsequent follow‐ups.

Conclusion

In our small group of transplant recipients with COVID‐19, there were two cases of pulmonary function deterioration and a case of re‐infection, and no recipient died. It is suggested that steroid therapy should be initiated in the early period in patients with pulmonary opacities.
Effectiveness and safety of self-management interventions among adult type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Carter Naomi , Chahal Pritpal , Chattopadhyay Kaushik
Published: July 2021

Objective:

The objective of this review is to evaluate and synthesize evidence on the effectiveness and safety of self-management interventions among adult type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in sub-Saharan Africa.

Introduction:

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a large and growing problem in sub-Saharan Africa. Several randomized controlled trials have been conducted assessing a range of self-management interventions among adult patients in sub-Saharan African settings. A comprehensive systematic review on the effectiveness and safety of these self-management interventions is required to inform health policy. This will allow for wide implementation of evidence-based self-management interventions in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in sub-Saharan Africa.

Inclusion criteria:

This systematic review will include randomized controlled trials assessing the effectiveness and safety of self-management interventions among adult type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in sub-Saharan Africa.

Methods:

The authors will undertake a systematic search for published and unpublished studies using the following sources: MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCO), PsycINFO (Ovid), Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Global Health (EBSCO), Directory of Open Access Journals, OpenGrey, EthOS, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. No language restrictions will be applied. The review will be conducted in accordance with the JBI methodology for systematic reviews of effectiveness. Narrative synthesis will be conducted, followed by meta-analysis, where feasible.

Systematic review registration number:

PROSPERO CRD42021237506
Histórico das pesquisas paleontológicas na bacia do Araripe, Nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Carvalho Marise Sardenberg Salgado de , Santos Maria Eugenia C. Marchesini
Published: July 2021

The Araripe Basin is located in Northeastern Brazil and is known by its diversified Cretaceous fauna and flora. The great scientific valuable fossils as insects, plants, mollusks, fishes and pterosaurs are represented mainly in Santana Formation layers. This paper displays a historical research made on the Araripe Basin since the 19 century.
Comparison of CART and discriminant analysis of morphometric data in foraminiferal taxonomy
Authors: Saraswati Pratul Kumar , Sabnis Sanjeev V
Published: July 2021

Paleontologists use statistical methods for prediction and classification of taxa. Over the years, the statistical analyses of morphometric data are carried out under the assumption of multivariate normality. In an earlier study, three closely resembling species of a biostratigraphically important genus Nummulites were discriminated by multi-group discrimination. Two discriminant functions that used diameter and thickness of the tests and height and length of chambers in the final whorl accounted for nearly 100% discrimination. In this paper Classification and Regression Tree (CART), a non-parametric method, is used for classification and prediction of the same data set. In all 111 iterations of CART methodology are performed by splitting the data set of 55 observations into training, validation and test data sets in varying proportions. In the validation data sets 40% of the iterations are correctly classified and only one case of misclassification in 49% of the iterations is noted. As regards test data sets, nearly 70% contain no misclassification cases whereas in about 25% test data sets only one case of misclassification is found. The results suggest that the method is highly successful in assigning an individual to a particular species. The key variables on the basis of which tree models are built are combinations of thickness of the test (T), height of the chambers in the final whorl (HL) and diameter of the test (D). Both discriminant analysis and CART thus appear to be comparable in discriminating the three species. However, CART reduces the number of requisite variables without increasing the misclassification error. The method is very useful for professional geologists for quick identification of species.
Actin phylogeny of foraminifera and intron evolution
Authors: Flakowski J. , Fahrni J. , Bolivar I. , Pawlowski J.
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Bartonian to end-Rupelian reticulate Nummulites of the Western Tethys
Authors: Less Gy¶rgy , Kertész Botond , Ã–zcan Ercan
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Deep-water agglutinated foraminifer from the Fram Strait and Lomonosov Ridge: implications for the opening of the Fram Strait
Authors: Kaminski Michael A. , Silye Lóránd , Kender Sev
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The Late Cretaceous genus Omphalocyclus from Turkey: new stratigraphical data for the Mediterranean Tethys
Authors: Ã–zcan Ercan
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Classification of early Cretaceous trochospiral and planispiral planktonic foraminifera: an update
Authors: Silva Isabella Premoli , Verga Davide
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Biozonation of Sinemurian and Pliensbachian larger benthic foraminifera (Velebit Mt., Croatia)
Authors: Veseli Vladimir , Velic Ivo , Vlahovic Igor , Tisljar Josip , Stankovic Damir
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Benthic foraminiferal assemblages and morphological abnormalities in the Subaé estuarine system, Bahia - Brazil
Authors: Burone Leticia , Lessa Guilherme , Machado Altair , Figuêredo Juzenilda
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Indian Ocean tsunami deposits along the West Coast of the Malay-Thai Peninsula: foraminiferal and grain size analysis
Authors: Hawkes Andrea D. , Bird Micheal , Cowie Susan , Horton Benjamin , Nott Jonathan , Robinson Ruth , Aik Lee Wan
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Foraminiferal growth models: towards a fully integrated record of calcification
Authors: Austin Heather Anne , Austin William E.N.
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Long-term observations of foraminifera in situ
Authors: Bowser Sam S. , Blair J. , Mastroianni J. , Hansen A.
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Hidden diversity of allogromiid foraminiferans in low-latitude environments
Authors: Habura Andrea , Goldstein Susan T. , Broderick Sarah , Bowser Samuel S.
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Long-term benthic foraminiferal culture: strategies for carbonate-system control and experimentation
Authors: Hintz Christopher J. , Chandler G. Thomas , Shaw Timothy J. , Mccorkle Daniel C. , Bernhard Joan M. , Blanks Jessica K.
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Low Î´13C in tests of live epibenthic and endobenthic foraminifera at a site of active methane seepage
Authors: Mackensen Andreas , Wollenburg Jutta , Licari Laetitia
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Living benthic foraminifera from methane seep environments: a case study from the Adriatic Sea
Authors: Panieri Giuliana
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Mg/Ca micro-distribution in foraminiferal test: implication of laboratory culture experiments
Authors: Toyofuku Takashi , Kitazato Hiroshi
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The Cretaceous/Paleogene boundary event in the deep sea: inferences from the Caribbean and the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Alegret Laia , Meléndez Alfonso
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Foraminiferal and calcareous nannofossil events and the stratigraphic record across the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary in Campos basin, southeastern Brazil
Authors: Koutsoukos Eduardo A. M. , Grassi Alexandre De Azevedo
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The evolution of late Paleocene-early Eocene carbonate platforms of the Tethys
Authors: Scheibner Christian , Speijer Robert P. , Mutti Maria
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Foraminifera on coral reefs of Brazil: the FOCO project
Authors: Barbosa Cátia Fernandes , Oliveira-Silva Patricia , Seoane José Carlos Sícoli , Cordeiro Renato C. , Ferreira Beatrice Padovani , Soares-Gomes Abilio , Almeida Carine M. de , Queiroz Gustavo P. , Lamana Thais , Lisboa Silvia , Duran Débora
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Relating microfossil distribution patterns to deep-water depositional processes: a new biofacies model based on Oligocene-Miocene deposits
Authors: Knabe K. A. , Chen Y.-Y , Huang T.-C , Beaubouef R. T.
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Recent benthic foraminiferal assemblages in the nearshore inner shelf in and around Alang shipbreaking yard, Gulf of Khambat, India
Authors: Majumdar Sabyasachi , Choudhury Amalesh
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Distribution and ecology of benthic foraminifera in the vicinity of Guadiana River (northern Gulf of Cadiz)
Authors: Mendes Isabel , Dias J. M. A. , Sh¶nfeld J. , Gonzalez R , Ferreira Ó.
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Dissolution control on planktonic foraminiferal micro-scale distributions: two case studies from the NW Pacific Paleocene deposits
Authors: Petrizzo Maria Rose
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Influence of hydrodynamic patterns on foraminifera in reef sediment sat the Praia do Forte beach and Itacimirim, Bahia, Brazil
Authors: Moraes Simone Souza de , Machado Altair De Jesus
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Ecological studies on Recent foraminiferal assemblages along the Mediterranean continental shelf of Egypt
Authors: Samir Ashraf M. , El-Menhawey Wafaa Hashem
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Mid-lower bathyal benthic foraminifera of the Campos Basin, southeastern Brazilian margin: biotopes and controlling ecological factors
Authors: Sousa Silvia Helena de Mello e , Passos Raquel Fernanda , Fukumoto Marina , Silveira Ilson Carlos Almeida da , Figueira Rubens Cesar Lopes , Koutsoukos Eduardo A. M. , Mahiques Michel Michaelovitch de , Rezende Carlos Eduardo
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Hábitos de vida da associação "Schuchertella" agassizi - Pthychopteria eschwegei, formação Maecuru, Devoniano, Bacia do Amazonas, Brasil
Authors: Ponciano Luiza Corral Martins de Oliveira , Machado Deusana Maria da Costa
Published: July 2021

The fossils studied came from outcrops of the Maecuru and Curuá rivers, State of Pará, belonging to the upper strata of the Maecuru Formation, Eifelian age. In this formation, two associations of marine benthic invertebrate can be identified, each inferring a distinct paleoenvironment. The association analyzed occurs in medium and coarse sandstones and shows "Schuchertella" agassizi and Ptychopeteria eschwegei as predominant organisms. It was idnetified 12 species of brachiopods, 20 species of bivalves, 12 of trilobites, 8 of gastropods, 6 of bellerophonts, 3 of crinoids and 3 of tentaculitids in this association. Brachiopods are the most abundant organisms, responsible for approximately 50% of it, followed by tentaculitids and bivalves. Trilobites, gastropods and bellerophonts sum less than 10% of the aforementioned association. Crinoids were not included in the quantitative analysis because they are only found as calicinal plates and disarticulated column disks. The brachiopods showed, through their morphofunctional characteristics, suspension feeders recumbent (free-lying) epifaunal life habit or a pedicle attached mode of life. The bivalves showed a predominant suspension feeder semiinfaunal habit, attached by byssus threads to the substratum, and an infaunal mode of life. All the trilobites showed a predator/scavenger and vagile epifaunal habit. The epifaunal platyceratids represents the gastropods with low mobility (coprophagous/suspension feeders). The bellerophonts showed an epifaunal highly/medium mobility and grazing/predator habit. The tentaculitids having a semi-infaunal, suspension feeder habit. The suspension feeder forms (brachiopods, bivalves and tentaculitids) account for over 90% of the organisms, with the remaining percentage distributed among the predator/scavenger (trilobites), coprophagous/suspension feeders (gastropods), grazers/ predators (bellerophonts) and deposit feeders (rare bivalves). The predominance of suspension feeder forms corroborates the environment inferred for the association, since suspension feeders adapt more easily to rough waters and coarse sediments. The life habits showed adaptations concerning a shallow marine environment with agitated waters, well-oxygenated, normal salinity and moderate temperatures.
Tapetes microbianos lisos estratificados do Brejo do Espinho, RJ, Brasil
Authors: Silva Loreine Hermida da Silva e , Delfino Deise De Oliveira , Feder Fabiane , Lopes Frederico Alves dos Santos , Guimarães Thiago Bertoche
Published: July 2021

Bogs are ecosystems found mainly in lower zones that separates inner and outer sandy terraces, and rivers and streams from valleys. These environments are always flooded or suffer seasonal flooding or can stay dry in a extended dry season. Its shallow waters increase the role of the sediment in the maintenance of such ecosystem. The Brejo do Espinho (22º56' S and 42º14'W) is a coastal body of water located 108 km from Rio de Janeiro city where are observed the development of thick microbial mats (about 2-4 cm in thickness). Aiming the characterization of the microbial mats, was made monthly collections in five collects in stations located in the bog borders. Microbial mats samples were taken using a spatula, deposited into plastics vials and later fixed with 4% formaldeid solution. For identification of the cyanobacterias, fresh and permanent slides were made. Smooth layered microbial mats present in subtidal and intertidal regions are composed by thin layers with different colors: green, red and brown, who show also distinct cyanobacterial composition. These structures show stratus of cohesive lamina with low lithification. Analysis revealed 27 species of cyanobacterias. Chroococcaceae Nägeli 1849 family was the main family found with 37% of the total frequency followed by Phormidiaceae Anagnostidis & Komárek 1988 family with 18,5%, Synechococcaceae Komárek & Anagnostidis 1995 family with 11,1%, Pseudanabaenaceae Anagnostidis & Komárek 1988 family with 11,1%, Entophysalidaceae Geitler 1925 family with 7,4%, Schizothricaceae Elenkin 1934 family with 7,4% and Oscillatoriaceae Gomont 1892 family with 7,4%. The domain of cyanobacterias in the Brejo do Espinho reflects its general plasticity that allows them to adapt to hostile conditions of the environment.
A fauna de morcegos fósseis como ferramenta na caracterização de paleoambientes quaternários
Authors: Avilla Leonardo Santos , Winck Gisele Regina , Francisco Vanessa Maria Rodrigues , Gil Bruno Bret , Granhen Alexandre , Costa Débora Gabriel
Published: July 2021

This study proposes to reconstruct the paleoenvironment from Quaternary sites of the caves in the sertão baiano and Lagoa Santa region during the Pleistocene. The paleofauna of bats from these sites were compared to the extant fauna of 25 localities, representing most important Neotropical biome. This study was possible because all bat fossil species from both sites were elements of the extant Neotropical fauna, excepting Desmodus draculae. Because bats are considered good environmental definers, the association of extant and fossil fauna permits the recognition of similar environments. The similarity between faunas was analyzed by Jaccard index with a posterior grouping analysis by UPGMA. The paleofauna of Lagoa Santa matched to Caatinga fauna, suggesting a dry and open environment adjacent to the Lagoa Santa caves during the Pleistocene. The paleofauna of sertão baiano caves matched to neither of the analyzed faunas. Most authors suggest that fossil record of the sertão baiano caves represents a faunal mixture. The dissimilarity between the paleofauna of bats from the sertão baiano caves and the other analyzed faunas resulted of this study is in agreement to the argument of a faunal mixture represented by the former.
Hábitos de vida dos Gastropoda e Bellerophontida da formação Maecuru, Devoniano Médio, Bacia do Amazonas, Brasil
Authors: Ponciano Luiza Corral Martins de Oliveira , Machado Deusana Maria da Costa , Faria Ana Carolina Gelmini de , Maciel Ana Carolina , Matos Juliana , Novaes Mariana
Published: July 2021

The Maecuru Formation comprises the Devonian-Carboniferous sedimentary sequence of Amazonas Basin and consists of fluvialdeltaics to neritics sandstones and pelites layers. Its fossiliferous sediments (the uppermost part of the Lontra Member) consists of hummocky cross-stratified fine-grained to very coarse sandstones beds.With the purpose of adding more information about the palaeoecology of The Maecuru Formation fossils, the life habits of gastropods and bellerophontids were inferred based on functional analysis and similarities with the living forms. The more significant features used were: (1) total frontal cross-sectional area, (2) height and relative positions of pressure point and center of gravity, (3) apertural margin morphology, (4) kind of symmetry and (5) surface smoothness. The species Platyceras (Orthonychia) steinmanni; Platyceras (Tumbophalus) hartti; Platyceras (Platyostoma) darwini; Platyceras (Platyostoma) (?) agassizi; Platyceras (Orthonychia) meerwarthi; Platyceras (Orthonychia) gracilis; Platyceras (Tumbophalus) coutoanus; "Platyceras" tschernischewi; "Platyceras" subconicum; "Platyceras" (Ortonychia) hussaki; "Platyceras" (Ortonychia) whitii; "Platyceras" (Ortonychia) whitii var. curua and "Platyceras" symmetricum var. maecuruensis represent the epifaunal gastropods with low mobility (coprophagous/suspension feeders) of the Maecuru Formation, living symbiotically directly over the anus of a crinoid or nearby. This coprophagous mode of life was probably a non-obligate relationship, because only the closest organisms will get all the advantages of using the crinoid host as a nutrient source. The others adult platyceratids would have a broader feeding repertoire, like as suspension feeders. The bellerophonts Plectonotus (Plectonotus) derbyi, Plectonotus (?) (Plectonotus) salteri e Bucanella reissi would have an epifaunal medium to high mobility, showing a predator habit preferably. On the other hand Bucania freitasi, Ptomatis forbesi and Bellerophon steltzneri showed morphologies compable to a grazer habit with medium mobility. This relative high diversity of gastropods and bellerophonts corroborates the environment of medium and inner shelf inferred for the Maecuru Formation among the others macrofossils, since the majority of Paleozoic fauna of gastropods were typically from shallow seas.
Deposição palinológica atual em sedimentos de superfície do solo no médio vale do rio Paraíba do Sul (Estados de São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro)
Authors: São Thiago Luiz Eduardo Uberti , Barros Marcia Aguiar de , Barth Ortrud Monika
Published: July 2021

The present investigation aims to contribute to the knowledge of recent pollen deposition in the surface of soils of several types of vegetation, disturbed or not by human activities. In sequence, it intends to establish models of deposition and preservation of palynomorphs in the future. Four sites were selected in the middle valley of Paraíba do Sul river, a region of former coffee plantation: Campinho (municipal district of Bananal, SP), Campo Alegre (municipal district of Arapeí, SP), Fazenda Bahia (municipal district of Resende, RJ) and Cafundó-Colônia (municipal district of Barra Mansa, RJ). The methodology used of samples collection and chemical treatment used the standard methodology in Palynology. The results obtained in all the localities analyzed reflect the current conditions of the regional vegetation, altered by human activities. The localities present a predominance of grasses and ruderal plants, characterizing pasture and grassland vegetation. It was also possible to establish a relationship between the state of preservation of the analyzed palynomorphs, the factors responsible for preservation and the respective environmental implications.
A relação entre litogia e morfologia das encostas das montanhas Tucson, Arizona
Authors: Khanchoul Kamel , Altschul Robert
Published: July 2021

The relationship between lithology and slope morphology is investigated at eight sites on granitic, andesitic, and sedimentary hillslopes in the Tucson Mountains, Arizona. Several methods are used in the study. Topographic profiles are constructed. Skewness indices, slope length, and mean slope angles of the different slope profiles are computed and compared with each other. Debris size analysis has permitted for some profiles, the determination of hillfront/piedmont junctions. The nature and structural characteristics of the bedrock are the ones that determine the hillslope morphology in this semi-arid region. There are, as a matter of fact, variations in profiles on the same bedrock nature but differently exposed. More precise morphologic studies have been also done in comparing the different lithologic pairs. They have permitted to show some similarities in shapes. The granitic-andesitic slopes and andesiic-sedimentary slopes are the best comparisons which show the relationship between lithology and slope morphology. The granitic-sedimentary slope relationship is shown in the hillfront concavities, mountain front and piedmont mean slope angles.
Avaliação de modelos digitais de elevação para estudos geoecológicos no maciço da Pedra Branca, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
Authors: Souza Leandro Gomes , Sousa Gustavo Mota de , Coura Pedro Henrique Ferreira , Fernandes Manoel Do Couto
Published: July 2021

Geoprocessing tools have been increasingly used to support the integrated study of geoecological variables, once they allow fast and efficient analysis. One of the products generated by geoprocessing of great importance do analysis that considerate the real surface of the terrain is the Digital Elevation Model (DEM). The consideration of the real surface is essential for the correct calculation of volumes, areas and distances, parameters of great importance for geomorfological indicators. There are many kinds of methods to generate this models and no consensus about which method has the best results, once it's precision will depend on characteristics of the study area. This work aims to compare the different DEM generation methods for irregular relief areas, using the Pedra Branca massif, RJ, as study area. It has been generated DEMs by two different interpolation methods and grids: one based in rectangular regular grid (TOPOGRID) and the interpolation method of Delaunay constrained, based in triangular irregular network (TIN), both generated in the software ArcGIS 9.2. For the verification of the quality and altimetric precision of these models, it has been utilized a map of declivities generated from the triangular irregular network model. Results show that the more adequate method for the study area is the TOPOGRID. However, it has been noted that this behavior is unequally distributed along its declivities classes, and it's errors are bigger in the great declivities, where the TIN model has been more efficient.
Caracterização geoquímica de rochas metamáficas e metaultramáficas da Faixa Pajeú-Paraíba, Província Borborema - NE Brasil
Authors: Almeida Cícera Neysi de , Guimarães Ignez De Pinho , Beurlen Hartmut , Topitsch Werner
Published: July 2021

Concordant lenses of high pressure metaultramafic and metamafic rocks are positioned in Paleoproterozoic migmatites and orthogneisses of the Pajeú-Paraíba belt, Borborema Province, northeast Brazil. The geochemical signature of theses eclogites facies rocks points to a tholeiitic basaltic composition related to an island arc evolution. They are probably associated with a enriched mantle source underlying a subduction zone. This mantelic source was melted and further underwent in-situ differentiation, producing as high-MgO as high-FeO-TiO2 rocks. Cumulatic pyroxenites could be residual product of this process. The high-FeO-TiO2 group seems to represent more differentiated member submits to crustal contamination event. Reported positive and negative gravimetric anomalies in these metaultramafic and metamafic rocks occurrence area suggest the presence of possible NE-SW to E-W continental collision zone in the Borborema Province.
Bioacumulação de mercúrio em quatro espécies de peixes tropicais oriundos de ecossistemas estuarinos do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
Authors: Rodrigues Ana Paula de Castro , Carvalheira Rodrigo Guerra , Cesar Ricardo Gonçalves , Bidone Edison Dausacker , Castilhos Zuleica Carmen , Almosny Nádia Regina Pereira
Published: July 2021

Mercury bioaccumulation was investigated in four tropical fish species (Genidens genidens, Aspistor luniscutis, Haemulon steindachneri and Micropogonias furnieri) from Ribeira Bay and Guanabara Bay (Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil). The sampling of 198 and 83 specimens was performed in the Ribera and Guanabara Bays, respectively. Total mercury content in fish muscles was determined by atomic absorption coupled to the thermodesorption technique. Biometry (weight and length) of the sampled specimens was performed in order to prepare bioaccumulation curves. Average concentrations of mercury in G. genidens revealed that this species presented higher levels at the Guanabara Bay and lower at the Ribeira Bay. In the Ribeira Bay, the highest average mercury concentration was quantified in H. steindachneri, which presented average content closer to the limit established by World Health Organization (500 ng/g) for human consumption. Besides that, at the Ribeira Bay mercury accumulation speed by G. genidens and M. furnieri was more accelerated than the other species collected in this bay. Although mercury input into Ribeira Bay is not so expressive, mercury seems to be more bioavailable than at the Guanabara Bay, where bottom sediments play an important role in the metals storage. If hydrogeochemical conditions of the Guananabara Bay are modified, mercury in the sediments may become easily bioavailable. Similarly, high inputs of mercury into Ribeira Bay would be easily assimilated by biota. The bioaccumulation curves obtained in this work will help in the prediction of mercury concentration in fish muscles, just using biometric data.
Avaliação das previsões do modelo Eta na região da Serra do Mar (Estado de São Paulo), Brasil
Authors: Dereczynski Claudine Pereira , Pristo Marcos Vinicius de Jesus , Chou Sin Chan , Cavalcanti Iracema F. A , Rozante José Roberto
Published: July 2021

Comparisons of Eta 5 km mesoscale model forecasts against observations in Cunha, Curucutu, Itanhaém, Paraibuna, Picinguaba, Santa Virgínia e São José dos Campos, located in Serra do Mar (SP) region, is carried out for 2008. The 2 m temperature, station level pressure, winds at 10 m and precipitation are evaluated for the 24 h, 48 h and 72 h forecasts. The results show that the atmospheric pressure was systematically underestimated (overestimated) in Paraibuna and Picinguaba (Cunha and Curucutu), due to differences between the model's altitude and the real station altitude, although its diurnal cycle is well predicted, with two maximum (0 and 12 Z) and two minimum (6 and 18 Z), as observed. For atmospheric pressure, model's performance is better at the 48 h forecast. The temperature's diurnal cycle is very well predicted. The temporal correlation between forecasts and observations are very high, varying from 73 to 91%. In some locations it was observed that temperature was overestimated (near 3ºC in Curucutu and Santa Virgínia and 2ºC in Itanhaém), and that it was a systematic error. The temperature forecasted 24 h in advance is superior than the other forecasts. In general the model shows a tendency of underestimate (overestimate) the frequence of occurrence of calm (strong) winds. The wind direction is the most difficult variable to forecast due probably to the differences between model's topography and the real topography. Although the model shows the characteristic turning of the wind during the day caused by the daily warming. The total monthly precipitation is well predicted, although in Itanhaém, Paraibuna and mainly in Picinguaba the values are overestimated. The frequence of occurrence of rainy events (total daily precipitation < 0,3 mm) is overestimated by the model, although it is the best predicted category, with higher ETS, BIAS and Hit. The analyses shows that one of the model's source of error is related to its topography.