bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Carnegie Supernova Project I and II: Measurements of H
0 Using Cepheid, Tip of the Red Giant Branch, and Surface Brightness Fluctuation Distance Calibration to Type Ia Supernovae*
Authors: Uddin Syed A. , Burns Christopher R. , Phillips M M. , Suntzeff Nicholas B. , Freedman Wendy L. , Brown Peter J. , Morrell Nidia , Hamuy Mario , Krisciunas Kevin , Wang Lifan , Hsiao Eric Y. , Goobar Ariel , Perlmutter Saul , Lu Jing , Stritzinger Maximilian , Anderson Joseph P. , Ashall Chris , Hoeflich Peter , Shappee Benjamin J. , Persson S. E. , Piro Anthony L. , Baron E , Contreras Carlos , Galbany Lluís , Kumar Sahana , Shahbandeh Melissa , Davis Scott , Anais Jorge , Busta Luis , Campillay Abdo , Castellón Sergio , Corco Carlos , Diamond Tiara , Gall Christa , Gonzalez Consuelo , Holmbo Simon , Roth Miguel , Serón Jacqueline , Taddia Francesco , Torres Simón , Baltay Charles , Folatelli Gastón , Hadjiyska Ellie , Kasliwal Mansi , Nugent Peter E. , Rabinowitz David , Ryder Stuart D.
Published: July 2024

We present an analysis of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) from the Carnegie Supernova Project I and II and extend the Hubble diagram from optical to near-infrared wavelengths (uBgVriYJH). We calculate the Hubble constant, H
0, using various distance calibrators: Cepheids, the tip of the red giant branch (TRGB), and surface brightness fluctuations (SBFs). Combining all methods of calibration, we derive H
0 = 71.76 ± 0.58 (stat) ± 1.19 (sys) km s−1 Mpc−1 from the B band and H
0 = 73.22 ± 0.68 (stat) ± 1.28 (sys) km s−1 Mpc−1 from the H band. By assigning equal weight to the Cepheid, TRGB, and SBF calibrators, we derive the systematic errors required for consistency in the first rung of the distance ladder, resulting in a systematic error of 1.2 ∼ 1.3 km s−1 Mpc−1 in H
0. As a result, relative to the statistics-only uncertainty, the tension between the late-time H
0 we derive by combining the various distance calibrators and the early-time H
0 from the cosmic microwave background is reduced. The highest precision in SN Ia luminosity is found in the Y band (0.12 ± 0.01 mag), as defined by the intrinsic scatter (σ
int). We revisit SN Ia Hubble residual-host mass correlations and recover previous results that these correlations do not change significantly between the optical and near-infrared wavelengths. Finally, SNe Ia that explode beyond 10 kpc from their host centers exhibit smaller dispersion in their luminosity, confirming our earlier findings. A reduced effect of dust in the outskirts of hosts may be responsible for this effect.
A Protocluster of Massive Quiescent Galaxies at z = 4
Authors: Tanaka Masayuki , Onodera Masato , Shimakawa Rhythm , Ito Kei , Kakimoto Takumi , Kubo Mariko , Morishita Takahiro , Toft Sune , Valentino Francesco , Wu Po-Feng
Published: July 2024

We report on discovery of a concentration of massive quiescent galaxies located at z = 4. The concentration is first identified using high-quality photometric redshifts based on deep, multiband data in Subaru/XMM-Newton Deep Field. Follow-up near-infrared spectroscopic observations with MOSFIRE on Keck confirm a massive (∼1011
M
⊙) quiescent galaxy at z = 3.99. Our spectral energy distribution analyses reveal that the galaxy experienced an episode of starburst about 500 Myr prior to the observed epoch, followed by rapid quenching. Since its spectrum is sufficiently good to measure the stellar velocity dispersion, we infer its dynamical mass and find that it is consistent with its stellar mass. The galaxy is surrounded by four massive (>1010
M
⊙) quiescent galaxies on a ∼1 physical Mpc scale, all of which are consistent with being located at the same redshift based on high-accuracy spectrophotometric redshifts. This is likely a (proto)cluster dominated by quiescent galaxies, the first of the kind reported at such a high redshift as z = 4. Interestingly, it is in a large-scale structure revealed by spectroscopic redshifts from VANDELS. Furthermore, it also exhibits a red sequence, adding further support to the physical concentration of the galaxies. We find no such concentration in the Illustris-TNG300 simulation; it may be that the cluster is such a rare system that the simulation box is not sufficiently large to reproduce it. The total halo mass of the quiescent galaxies is ∼1013
M
⊙, suggesting that they form a group-sized halo once they collapse together. We discuss the implications of our findings for the quenching physics and conclude with future prospects.
Investigation of the Gamma-Ray Bursts Prompt Emission Under the Relativistically Expanding Fireball Scenario
Authors: Gupta Soumya , Sahayanathan Sunder
Published: July 2024

The spectral properties of a composite thermal emission arising from a relativistic expanding fireball can be remarkably different from the Planck function. We perform a detailed study of such a system to explore the features of the prompt emission spectra from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). In particular, we address the effect of optical opacity and its dependence on the density profile between the expanding gas and the observer. This results in a nontrivial shape of the photospheric radius, which in combination with the constraints derived from the equal arrival time can result in a mild broader spectrum compared to the Planck function. Further, we show the time-integrated spectrum from the expanding fireball deviates significantly from the instantaneous emission and is capable of explaining the observed broad spectral width of GRBs. We also show that the demand of the spectral width of the order of unity, obtained through statistical analysis, is consistent with the scenario where the dynamics of the expanding fireball are governed predominantly by the energy content of the matter.
An annotated and illustrated identification guide to common mesophotic reef sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae, Hexactinellida, and Homoscleromorpha) inhabiting Flower Garden Banks national marine sanctuary and vicinities
Authors: Díaz María Christina , Nuttall Marissa , Pomponi Shirley , Rützler Klaus , Adams Christi , Hickerson Emma , Schmahl George , Ward Klontz Sarah
Published: July 2024

Sponges are recognized as a diverse and abundant component of mesophotic and deep-sea ecosystems worldwide. In Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary region within the northwestern Gulf of Mexico, sponges thrive among diverse biological and geological habitats between 16-200+ m deep (i.e., coral reefs and communities, algal nodule and coralline algae reefs, mesophotic reefs, patch reefs, scarps, ridges, soft substrate, and rocky outcrops). We present a synoptic guide developed by studying common sponge species in the region, through direct sampling and in situ photographic records.  A total of 63 species are included: 60 are Demospongiae (14 orders), 2 are Hexactinellida (1 order), 2 are Homoscleromorpha (1 order). Thirty-nine taxa are identified to species and 11 were identified to have affinity with, but are not identical to, a known species. Thirteen taxa could only be identified to genus level at this time, and the species remain as uncertain (incerta sedis), with the potential to constitute new species or variants of known species. One specimen received only a family assignation.  This study extends geographic or mesophotic occurrence data for 11 known species and includes several potentially new species. This work improves our knowledge of Gulf of Mexico sponge biodiversity and highlights the importance of the region for scientists and resource managers.
DNA barcodes are ineffective for species identification of Acropora corals from the aquarium trade
Authors: Quek Z. B. Randolph , Yip Zhi Ting , Jain Sudhanshi S. , Wong Hui Xian Vanessa , Tan Zayin , Joseph Adrielle Ruth , Huang Danwei
Published: July 2024

Species identification of stony corals (Scleractinia), which are regulated under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, is critical for effective control of harvest quotas, enforcement of trade regulations and species conservation in general. DNA barcoding has the potential to enhance species identification success, depending on the specific taxon concerned and genetic markers used. For Acropora, DNA barcoding, based on the mitochondrial putative control region (mtCR) and the nuclear PaxC intron (PaxC), has been commonly used for species identification and delimitation, but the reliability and robustness of these loci remain contentious. Therefore, we sought to verify the applicability of this approach. In this study, we obtained 127 Acropora colonies from the aquarium trade to test the effectiveness of barcoding mtCR and PaxC for species identification. We were able to recover sequences for both loci in over half of the samples (n = 68), while gene amplification and sequencing of mtCR (n = 125) outperformed PaxC (n = 70). Amongst the 68 samples with both loci recovered, just a single sample could be unambiguously identified to species. Preliminary identities, based on only one gene, were assigned for 40 and 65 samples with mtCR and PaxC, respectively. Further analyses of 110 complete mitochondrial genomes obtained from GenBank showed that, despite the full length of the sequences, only eight species were delimited, of which only three species were correspondingly monophyletic. Therefore, we conclude that the commonly used DNA barcoding markers for Acropora are ineffective for accurate species assignments due to limited variability in both markers and even across the entire mitochondrial genome. Therefore, we propose that barcoding markers should generally not be the only means for identifying corals.
New distributional records of Southern Ocean Isopoda based on vouchers from the Italian National Antarctic Museum (MNA, Section of Genoa)
Authors: Noli Nicholas , Cecchetto Matteo , Guzzi Alice , Grillo Marco , Cometti Valentina , Schiaparelli Stefano
Published: July 2024

The order Isopoda Latreille, 1816 consists of species occurring in terrestrial, marine and freshwater environments. In the Southern Ocean (SO), this group is amongst the most speciose and occur at all depths. Isopoda biogeography, despite being studied since the first Antarctic expeditions, is still poorly known from a geographical point of view and shows large occurrence gaps for some groups in specific sectors of the SO. In this paper, we update the isopod checklists of the Ross Sea (RS) and of some peri-Antarctic areas, such as the South Orkney Islands (SOI) and the South Sandwich Islands (SSI), based on the study of museum vouchers curated by the Italian National Antarctic Museum (MNA, Section of Genoa).

A total of 279 MNA samples from 15 different expeditions were studied. From this material, consisting of 419 specimens, 41 accepted species distributed in 24 families and 51 genera were identified. Comparing this newly-obtained information with the GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility) and OBIS (Ocean Biodiversity Information System) portal, 15 species are here reported for the first time in the Ross Sea, with five new records in the Ross Sea Marine Protected Area. All records are new for the Terra Nova Bay area, for which a checklist of this group has never been produced before.
Les Ijanaten (Zanāta)
Authors: Graïne Larbi
Published: July 2024

L’objectif de cet article est de faire le point sur l’onomastique des Ijanaten (Zanāta) et de montrer en quoi, pour traiter cette question, il est nécessaire de relire Ibn Khaldūn dont le travail d’onomasticien offre des clés de lecture essentielles pour aborder l’onomastique berbère en général et l’onomastique zénète en particulier.
Ibn Khaldûn, une source historique majeure l’apport du Kitâb al-‘Ibar à la connaissance de l’ethnonymie berbère
Authors: M’Charek Ahmed
Published: July 2024

L’« édition Chabbouh » du Kitâb al-‘Bar (ou Livre des Exemples ) d’Ibn Khaldûn (Tunis, 2006-2015) a mis à la disposition des chercheurs une copie du « manuscrit du Caire » (conservé à Istanbul), qui comporte les signes diacritiques et les digrammes (éléments essentiels pour l’étude de la phonétique berbère). Les chapitres berbères de cet ouvrage contiennent en outre une information précieuse sur les grandes tribus berbères attestées par les sources médiévales (Kutâma, Sanhâja, Haouara, Zanâta, Maghrâwa…). Dans la substantielle notice consacrée aux Zanâta par exemple, l’auteur du XIV e siècle explique l’étymologie de l’ethnonyme porté par ce peuple (nom de l’ancêtre éponyme, Jâna, et le paradigme onomastique qui en découle : Zâna/Zanat, Iznaten et Zanata) ; de même qu’il y souligne l’antiquité du peuplement zénète en donnant les aires d’habitat de ses principales branches tribales (Jarâwa, Maghrâwa, Banu Ifren). L’examen croisé des sources antiques et médiévales a permis de montrer le bien-fondé du témoignage d’Ibn Khaldûn (identification du pays zénète de l’Aurès depuis la principauté des Avares (Haouara) et Dianenses ( Zanâta ) dans l’Aurès et le Hodna, attestée par les sources latines du V e siècle (Victor de Vita notamment). Parce qu’il contient les clés de l’ethnonymie berbère, le maître-livre d’Ibn Khaldûn constitue, selon moi, une source incontournable pour l’étude de la continuité du peuplement au Maghreb, de l’Antiquité au Moyen Âge (une continuité déjà établie pour des dizaines d’ethnonymes libyco-berbères grâce aux résultats récents de la recherche spécialisée).
La pauvreté globale : définitions, évolutions et objectifs de développement durable
Authors: Damon Julien
Published: July 2024

À l’échelle globale, la pauvreté se mesure couramment sous un seuil maintenant fixé à 2,15 dollars de pouvoir d’achat par jour et par personne. Cette convention permet de suivre les évolutions du phénomène ainsi que les objectifs ambitieux que se donne la communauté internationale. À l’horizon 2030, la première visée des objectifs de développement durable (ODD) consiste à mettre fin à cette forme extrême de pauvreté. L’optimisme a prévalu jusqu’à la crise Covid de 2020. L’alarme a alors été de mise, quand la tendance à la baisse de la pauvreté, ainsi mesurée, a été, pour la première fois en plusieurs décennies, interrompue. Les observations et les projections post-Covid sont plus positives, même si le triomphalisme n’est plus de mise. En tout état de cause, des débats sont toujours nécessaires sur la nature et la qualité des indicateurs globaux de la pauvreté. Ceux-ci permettent, entre autres, de voir changer la géographie internationale de la pauvreté. Ils autorisent aussi des regards singuliers sur les pays riches et la France en particulier.
L’accès aux soins de longue durée : inégalités et comparaisons internationales
Authors: Marx Patrick
Published: July 2024

L’accélération du vieillissement démographique et l’émergence croissante des pathologies chroniques constituent une tendance mondiale majeure qui nécessite une prise de conscience et des réformes substantielles. De nombreux pays sont confrontés à une augmentation significative de la demande de soins de longue durée (SLD) en raison des évolutions démographiques et épidémiologiques rapides, ainsi que d’une transformation des structures traditionnelles de prise en charge des individus. Ces évolutions provoquent de nombreuses inégalités d’accès aux soins que les modèles traditionnels de prise en charge peinent à gommer. Les soins de longue durée englobent une gamme de soins et d’assistances techniques et humaines très variés. Cette spécificité doit être envisagée dans le cadre d’un parcours coordonné tout en valorisant les expériences de terrain qui, plus encore que les dispositifs législatifs, permettront à nos sociétés d’accompagner les plus fragiles tout en rapprochant les générations.
The inhibition of colon cancer development by black rice bran on BALB/C Mice
Authors: Budijanto Slamet , Kurniati Yeni , Nuraida Lilis , Dewi Fitriya Nur Annisa , Priosoeryanto Bambang Pontjo , Yuliana Nancy Dewi , Ardiansyah  , Saepuloh Uus , Safrida  , Shirakawa Hitoshi
Published: July 2024

Black rice bran (BRB) is well-known for its high antioxidant activity and its pivotal role in preventing colon cancer. The present study aims to investigate the effects of BRB administration on BALB/C mice induced with azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulphate (DSS). The 24 mice were divided into three groups: the group induced by colon cancer (C+), the group induced by cancer and given the BRB diet (C+BRB), and the normal group (C−). Both the C− and C+ groups were given a standard AIN-93 M diet containing cellulose fiber. After 16 weeks, the mice were anesthetized, and the colonic tissue was identified for nodule distribution, histopathological observation, and mRNA expression analysis of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), caspase-3, and caspase-8 genes using qRT PCR technique. Nodule distribution in the C+BRB group showed a significant decrease compared to the C+ group, with 1.65 ± 0.71 nodule/cm2 vs. 5.73 ± 2.93 nodule/cm2. Then, the colon weight was significantly decreased in the C+BRB group, at 0.19 ± 0.04 (g) compared to 0.25 ± 0.03 (g) in the C+ group. Also, the BRB diet in the C+BRB group significantly decreased PCNA mRNA expression compared to the C+ group, with values of 0.58 ± 0.09-fold change vs. 5.22 ± 0.80-fold change. Conversely, increased the mRNA expression of caspase-3 (0.91 ± 0.20-fold change vs. 0.36 ± 0.15-fold change) and caspase-8 (0.51 ± 0.18-fold change vs. 0.13 ± 0.31-fold change). In conclusion, administration of BRB inhibited the rate of cancer development by suppressing cancer cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis.
Improved optimizer with deep learning model for emotion detection and classification
Authors: Willson Joseph C , Jaspher Willsie Kathrine G. , Vimal Shanmuganathan , Sumathi. S , Pelusi Danilo , Blanco Valencia Xiomara Patricia , Verdú Elena
Published: July 2024

Facial emotion recognition (FER) is largely utilized to analyze human emotion in order to address the needs of many real-time applications such as computer-human interfaces, emotion detection, forensics, biometrics, and human-robot collaboration. Nonetheless, existing methods are mostly unable to offer correct predictions with a minimum error rate. In this paper, an innovative facial emotion recognition framework, termed extended walrus-based deep learning with Botox feature selection network (EWDL-BFSN), was designed to accurately detect facial emotions. The main goals of the EWDL-BFSN are to identify facial emotions automatically and effectively by choosing the optimal features and adjusting the hyperparameters of the classifier. The gradient wavelet anisotropic filter (GWAF) can be used for image pre-processing in the EWDL-BFSN model. Additionally, SqueezeNet is used to extract significant features. The improved Botox optimization algorithm (IBoA) is then used to choose the best features. Lastly, FER and classification are accomplished through the use of an enhanced optimization-based kernel residual 50 (EK-ResNet50) network. Meanwhile, a nature-inspired metaheuristic, walrus optimization algorithm (WOA) is utilized to pick the hyperparameters of EK-ResNet50 network model. The EWDL-BFSN model was trained and tested with publicly available CK+ and FER-2013 datasets. The Python platform was applied for implementation, and various performance metrics such as accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and F1-score were analyzed with state-of-the-art methods. The proposed EWDL-BFSN model acquired an overall accuracy of 99.37 and 99.25% for both CK+ and FER-2013 datasets and proved its superiority in predicting facial emotions over state-of-the-art methods.
Safeguarding nurses' mental health: The critical role of psychosocial safety climate in mitigating relational stressors and exhaustion
Authors: Galanti Teresa , Cortini Michela , Giudice Giuseppe Filippo , Zappalà Salvatore , Toscano Ferdinando
Published: July 2024

Burnout among nurses is a pervasive concern in healthcare, with profound implications for patient care and nurse well-being. While research has highlighted the detrimental effects of burnout on many aspects of nursing, including patient safety and quality of care, the underlying mechanisms driving burnout warrant further investigation. In this cross-sectional study, we surveyed 196 nurses from diverse Italian hospitals using an online questionnaire via Qualtrics. Our findings revealed significant negative correlations between psychological safety climate and both relational stressors and emotional exhaustion. Conversely, relational stressors positively correlated with emotional exhaustion, and a significant negative indirect effect of psychological safety climate was found for emotional exhaustion through relational stressors, emphasizing the pivotal role of psychological safety climate in mitigating nurse burnout. Our study underscores the potential effectiveness of interventions targeting psychological safety climate and relational stressors in alleviating emotional exhaustion and burnout among nurses. Theoretical implications underscore the importance of deepening the role of psychological safety climate in mitigating emotional exhaustion, while practical implications emphasize the need for fostering a positive psychological safety climate and implementing targeted interventions to support nurses' well-being.
NAČELO ODGOVORNOSTI I ODGOVARAJUĆE I UČINKOVITE MJERE PREMA OPĆOJ UREDBI O ZAŠTITI PODATAKA
Authors: Lisičar Hrvoje ,   Pravni fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu
Published: July 2024

Donošenjem Opće uredbe o zaštiti podataka (EU) 2016/679 u zakonodavni okvir koji uređuje zaštitu osobnih podataka u Europskoj uniji zakonodavac je kao novost uveo načelo odgovornosti. Uvođenjem predmetnog načela želi se naglasiti odgovornost voditelja (i izvršitelja) obrade osobnih podataka kao odgovornih subjekata za ispravno i sa zakonom usklađeno postupanje u obradi osobnih podataka a koje je ujedno usklađeno i s razinom rizika za prava pojedinca. Kako bi načelo odgovornosti bilo ostvareno, odgovorni subjekti moraju tijekom cijelog trajanja obrade osobnih podataka aktivno implementirati odgovarajuće i učinkovite mjere kojima se jamči poštovanje propisanih pravila za zaštitu osobnih podataka, pri čemu je teret dokaza o ispunjenju zahtjeva koje nameće načelo odgovornosti na samim odgovornim subjektima. U radu se analiziraju razlozi koji su bili odlučni za uvođenje načela odgovornosti u zakonodavni okvir za zaštitu podataka te njegova povezanost s već prethodno utvrđenim i ustaljenim načelima koja se moraju primjenjivati pri obradi osobnih podataka. Nadalje, razmatraju se odredbe Opće uredbe o zaštiti podataka koje uređuju i nalažu implementaciju odgovarajućih i učinkovitih mjera za usklađivanje sa zahtjevima Uredbe, njihova povezanost s razinom rizika za prava pojedinca a u svrhu postizanje bolje zaštite osobnih podataka te ostvarenja načela odgovornosti. Konačno, u radu se analiziraju recentne odluke Suda EU-a, nacionalnih sudova država članica EU-a te odluke nadležnih nacionalnih regulatornih tijela koje su u vezi s primjenom načela odgovornosti u obradi osobnih podataka i implementacijom odgovarajućih i učinkovitih mjera za usklađivanje sa zahtjevima Uredbe.
UZROČNOST KOD KAZNENIH DJELA NEČINJENJA
Authors: Vukušić Ivan ,   Pravni fakultet Sveučilišta u Splitu
Published: July 2024

U radu se uvodno analiziraju karakteristike činjenja i nečinjenja i njihove specifičnosti. Posebno se analiziraju razlozi iznimne kažnjivosti nečinjenja kroz kontinentalno i anglosasko pravo te način rješavanja situacije kada je nečinjenje praćeno činjenjem, odnosno kada postoji stjecaj nečinjenja i činjenja. Zatim se polazi od problematike uzročnosti kod nečinjenja preispitujući mogućnost postojanja prirodne uzročnosti suprotno načelu ex nihilo nihil fit. Razmatrajući različite teorije koje prihvaćaju prirodnu uzročnost, dolazi se do zaključka da je značaj teorije smanjenja rizika i zakonskog utvrđivanja uzročnosti, ako prihvatimo postojanje prirodne uzročnosti kod nečinjenja, između nečinjenja i posljedice relativan, jer njihova svrha jest da se oni međusobno nadopunjuju. Na kraju se analizira danas vladajuće stajalište o uzročnosti kod nečinjenja u kontinentalnom i anglosaskom pravu. Cilj rada je prikazati dosege znanosti po pitanju uzročnosti nečinjenja.
NAČELO ESTOPPEL U MEÐUNARODNOM PRAVU
Authors: Krakić Josip
Published: July 2024

Načelo estoppel izvorno je načelo common law sustava koje je putem presuda Stalnog suda međunarodne pravde, Međunarodnog suda i arbitražnih odluka ušlo u sustav međunarodnog prava. Načelo je usmjereno na sprječavanje nedosljednosti u ponašanju i izjavama u međunarodnim odnosima, te poziva na odgovornu i usklađenu vanjsku politiku države, posebice u slučaju sporova s međunarodnim obilježjima. U radu se daje pregled načela u teoriji međunarodnog prava te analiziraju presude Međunarodnog suda u kojima se pojavljuje ovo načelo ili njegovi elementi.
The X-files
Authors: Méndez Dosuna Julián V.
Published: July 2024

The⁠⁠⁠ ⁤⁤letter X stands for [ks] in the Greek “dark blue” scripts, and for /⁠kh/ in the “red” scripts. Moreover, the sequence [ks] is usually spelt with the digraph ΧΣ in the “light blue” scripts, rather than with expected ΚΣ (ΧΣΕΝΟΣ). Several phonetic explanations have been proposed to account for this fact, but none of them proves satisfactory. Furthermore, the spelling ΧΣ is purportedly attested in some “red” scripts (Boeotian ΑΡΓΥΡΟΤΟΧΣΟΙ = ἀργυροτόξωι), in which the letter X or the digraph ▯Σ should be expected. To complicate matters further, a spelling ▯Σ, usually interpreted as a variant of “light blue” ΧΣ, occurs at Naxos (NA▯ΣIO). This paper tries to integrate all these seemingly disparate facts into a principled explanation. “Dark blue” Ξ, Naxian ▯Σ, and “red” Χ are probably all avatars of Phoenician samek, and the use of X for /⁠kh/ in the “blue” scripts resulted from a misanalysis of pleonastic ΧΣ spellings.
Analogical ‑εσσι datives in Sicilian Doric
Authors: Tribulato Olga
Published: July 2024

The Aeolic dialects and many varieties of West Greek show the analogical extension of the dative plural marker ‑εσσι from s‑stems (ἔπεσσι) to other athematic stems (ἄνδρεσσι). Against the theoretical background provided by classic studies on the origin of ‑εσσι datives, this article focuses on the evidence from classical Sicily, where ‑εσσι datives are traditionally considered to be a Syracusan trait, imported from the dialect of Corinth. A review of the evidence shows that this idea has little factual basis apart from the use of ‑εσσι datives in the literary Doric of Epicharmus and Sophron. An analysis of the epigraphic attestations of ‑εσσι datives in their textual context instead allows for a different interpretation. The ‑εσσι datives, which spread as a remedy to morphonological difficulties, may have been chosen to stylistically mark certain passages through a morphological feature endowed with a poetic pedigree. As in later Doric Koinai, ‑εσσι datives were instrumental to the creation of a high‑register prose language.
Testicules, masculinités et normes de genre. Les récits scientifiques français sur les castrats italiens au siècle des Lumières
Authors: Hanafi Nahema
Published: July 2024

Peu présents dans la France des Lumières, les castrats italiens n’en deviennent pas moins un sujet de discussion scientifique dans le royaume en ce qu’ils incarnent un eunuchisme occidental. Mobilisée pour penser les limites éthiques du geste chirurgical, la castration musicale s’invite dans différents traités, de manière développée ou plus anecdotique, et renvoie à de multiples questionnements relatifs aux normes corporelles, aux identités de genre, aux capacités reproductives ou à la sexualité. Cet article s’emploie à observer la façon dont le tableau physique et moral des castrats élaboré par les médecins et les naturalistes français des Lumières s’inscrit dans l’effort de construction et de définition médicale du sexe en s’attachant plus particulièrement à fixer les normes du masculin. Au cours de la seconde moitié du xviiie siècle en particulier, la figure du castrat sert de support à l’énonciation des caractéristiques physiques et morales d’une masculinité hégémonique « à la Française » et, partant, des contours d’une masculinité subordonnée (italienne, méridionale, orientale) dont les chanteurs seraient l’incarnation.
Le dispositif gynécologique : un panoptique entre technologie de contrôle et technologie de genre
Authors: Moucharik Ikrame
Published: July 2024

Les catalogues de matériel médico-chirurgical représentent une source utile à l’histoire sociale et culturelle de la médecine. Ils fournissent notamment des données permettant d’interroger les dispositifs et pratiques de soins dans un temps long. Sur la base d’un corpus de catalogues contemporains de fabricants européens de fauteuils gynécologiques et en s’intéressant plus particulièrement à leur contenu visuel, cet article souhaite montrer l’intérêt de telles sources pour documenter les modifications apportées au fauteuil gynécologique. L’article propose aussi d’analyser les représentations des objets, des espaces et des relations de soin comme faisant partie d’un dispositif gynécologique. Il met en exergue le contrôle et la surveillance qu’exerce ce dispositif sur le corps des femmes tel un panoptique. Par la façon dont il met en scène les interactions médecins-patientes et par la non-représentation des corps masculins s’agissant des fauteuils proctologiques et urologiques, ce dispositif apparaît comme une technologie de genre.
Pourquoi le préservatif n’est pas devenu un contraceptif majeur
Authors: Mortas Pauline
Published: July 2024

Au tournant des xixe et xxe siècles, on assiste à l’émergence d’une industrie de masse du préservatif en caoutchouc, un dispositif technique dont la fabrication a été rendue possible par la mondialisation et qui connaît rapidement une diffusion aux quatre coins du globe. Cet article suggère que la mondialisation du marché du préservatif a conduit à une uniformisation de la communication commerciale autour de cet objet, et que celle-ci a durablement influé sur sa consommation et encadré ses usages. L’étude du marketing adopté par les industriels français et étrangers sur le territoire français entre 1890 et 1940 (qu’il s’agisse des conditionnements et étiquettes choisis, des marques de fabrique et de commerce utilisées ou des stratégies publicitaires mises en place) montre que ces stratégies ont contribué à genrer le préservatif au masculin et à l’associer étroitement aux maladies vénériennes et aux sexualités extra-conjugales. La période qui voit émerger un marché mondialisé du préservatif a donc joué un rôle central dans la marginalisation durable de ce dispositif dans l’arsenal des méthodes contraceptives, a fortiori au sein des couples.
E-Business 5.0
Authors: Minz Nitish Kumar
Published: July 2024

The evolution of e-business into its advanced form, E-Business 5.0, has witnessed a paradigm shift, primarily catalyzed by the integration of smart technologies and innovations. This research embarks on a comprehensive exploration of the leading smart technologies and innovations within the domain of E-Business 5.0, leveraging a robust foundation built upon an extensive literature review. The primary objectives of this study encompass an analysis of the current landscape of E-Business 5.0 technologies, an assessment of organizations' practical experiences in their implementation, a forward-looking evaluation of potential applications, and the provision of recommendations and management frameworks for seamless integration. The research delves into the core questions concerning the pivotal technologies that characterize E-Business 5.0. This study, grounded in a comprehensive literature review, sheds light on the transformative potential of smart technologies and innovations within the dynamic landscape of E-Business 5.0.
Application of Chatbot and Artificial Intelligence in Business
Authors: Zulkiflee Wan Syiffawiaam Alya'a Farhah , Almunawar Mohammad Nabil
Published: July 2024

In today's fast-paced digital landscape, chatbots and artificial intelligence (AI) stand as a revolutionary advancement in the digital marketplace by not only offering more streamlined purchasing experiences and enhanced user engagement for customers but also strengthening the relationships between businesses. This report aims to explore a commonly used self-service tool employed by businesses to support customers at every stage of their purchasing journey, mainly known as chatbots. This 24/7 customer service tool revolutionizes user experiences and drives innovation in the business environment by virtually assisting customers every step of the way in their purchasing journey. The findings and discussion acquired through this study, especially in terms of future research areas, are extremely helpful for comprehending the functions to understand and enhance chatbot technology further enriching user interaction in the evolving business environment.
E-Commerce is an Innovative and Efficient Strategy for the Presentation of Products Through Quick Response Codes
Authors: Ruiz Gerardo Reyes
Published: July 2024

New technologies have changed the way products are offered today: Nowadays the internet and social networks play a preponderant role in spreading, in a more efficient and dynamic sense, any kind of product. In this context, e-commerce is a modality for the sale of products and services, that admits the addition of these new technologies through the internet, which transforms it into a tool that allows the discovery of new uses, forms, and consumption habits. E-commerce allows to provide customers products and services with the highest quality, for this it is necessary to implement QR codes that can create a differentiating user experience where the products are displayed in the best possible way and accompany them with content that is valuable to consumers. In this way, it is intended to promote the efficient and rationalized use of all the resources that companies have and, at the same time, motivate the use of new technologies, as a strategic enabler and competitive differentiator, to overcome all their business objectives.
Personalized Healthcare in the Era of E-Business 5.0
Authors: Vetrivel S. C. , Arun V. P. , Sowmiya K. C. , Sabareeshwari V.
Published: July 2024

In the dynamic landscape of modern healthcare, the convergence of E-Business 5.0 and big data is unlocking unprecedented opportunities for personalized medicine. This chapterexplores the transformative potential of E-Business 5.0, characterized by enhanced connectivity, artificial intelligence, and automation, in redefining patient-centered care through the utilization of vast data sets. The chapter examine how big data technologies, including data mining, machine learning, and predictive analytics, are enabling healthcare professionals to offer tailored treatment plans, improve diagnosis accuracy, and enhance patient outcomes. By integrating these technologies within E-Business 5.0 frameworks, healthcare systems can deliver more responsive and efficient services, ultimately leading to a new era of personalized healthcare.
Wind Data Pattern and Trend Analysis Using Feature Identification and Extreme Wind Speed Prediction
Authors: Bhuvaneswari Anbalagan , R. Swathi , N. Kalpalathika
Published: July 2024

The most dangerous and destructive natural disasters in the world are wind-related. A literature review on machine learning-based approach is done for identification of wind disaster types and the forecasting of extreme wind speed. The study utilizes statistical techniques and machine learning models to uncover valuable insights into wind behavior and develop accurate predictions. A comprehensive dataset of wind speed and direction measurements is collected and preprocessed, ensuring data quality. Relevant features, including meteorological variables, geographical factors, and seasonal indicators, are extracted for feature identification. Predictive models are employed to predict extreme wind speeds resulting in RNN (Accuracy - 0.976), LSTM (Accuracy - 0.979), MLP Classifier (Accuracy - 0.801). The model is verified and the models' performance by comparing predicted extreme wind speeds with observed data, employing metrics like root mean square error (RMSE) or mean absolute error (MAE).
Effective Planning of Renewable Energy System
Authors: Satuluru Ansar Shaik , Baskaran Shakila , Marimuthu Prakash
Published: July 2024

The energy demand crisis is being faced by all the nations due to the rapid growth of the global economy. The conventional resources available on the Earth are finite. Burning these fossil fuels abundantly results in large-scale greenhouse gas emissions and significant environmental contamination. The generation of electricity using renewable energy sources has increased significantly in recent years. However, the power generation using renewable energy sources like solar, wind, etc., is weather dependent and highly erratic. In order to maintain system stability and to use renewable energy resources effectively, renewable power forecast is essential. For the effective planning of power network, three different machine learning algorithms (i.e., linear regression (LR), decision tree regression (DTR) and random-forest regression (RFR)) are used for predicting the solar radiation in Mahabubnagar, Telangana. All the three regression algorithms are evaluated in terms of statistical measures; random-forest regression algorithm provides best results.
Proficient Dynamic ED Solution With V2G Integration Along With Renewables
Authors: Singh Aditya , Banerjee Swaraj , Sarkar Chaity
Published: July 2024

This chapter addresses the coexistence of thermal, wind, photovoltaic (PV) technologies, vehicle-to-grid (V2G), and biogas power generation as an economic dispatch (ED) problem. In the evolving field of renewable electricity generation technology, which considers sustainable development, keeping resources intact is of utmost importance. Therefore, the quest for supplements is still being researched around the globe. The development of V2G as an innovative form of energy has attracted a lot of attention these days. The foundations that have a substantial impact on reducing operating costs, enhancing optimal load management, and perhaps, in the long run, replacing pricey, small thermal units are solar, V2G, and biogas. This study investigates the effect of a creative approach combining solar, wind, V2G, and biogas energy sources along with coal-fired generating stations, showing an overall reduction in production costs.
Particle Swarm Optimization-Based MPPT for PV Applications and Its Comparison With Incremental Conductance Method
Authors: Ghosh Arnab , Sahu Annesha , Barua Puja
Published: July 2024

The maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method for photovoltaic (PV) applications using incremental conductance (INC) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) is compared in this work. The chapter contains a comprehensive investigation of the underlying ideas and practical elements of the INC and PSO MPPT methodologies. The MPPT control system's PV module, DC-DC boost converter, and INC and PSO based MPPT algorithms are all simulated using MATLAB Simulink. A comparison of the system's performance under various solar irradiation rates—both fast and slow—is also made in the simulation. The simulation findings show that in terms of efficiency and accuracy, PSO-based MPPT surpasses the INC technique, mainly under variable weather and shading circumstances. The proposed investigation gives a thorough grasp of the advantages and disadvantages of PSO and INC-based MPPT approaches, as well as the possibilities for additional study.
A Review of Renewable Energy Efficiency Technologies
Authors: Suriyan Kannadhasan , R. Nagarajan
Published: July 2024

During the 1970s and the early 1980s, people gave a lot of attention to energy planning and how they could save energy. The oil supply was reduced as a result of the 1973 OPEC oil blockage and the 1979 Iranian hostage crisis, both of which contributed significantly to the sharp increase in oil prices. The increase in the price of petroleum led to an acceleration of the development of renewable energy sources in both the commercial and public sectors, such as solar, wind, geothermal, and methane. Nevertheless, as petroleum prices declined in the late 1980s, the nation's commitment to renewable energy began to fade. At a period when nonrenewable natural resources were selling for such low prices, neither the government nor the general public were prepared to invest in green energy initiatives and sources that were more expensive.
Do No Harm
Authors: Vegoren Marjorie
Published: July 2024

Children with disabilities are not only inherently vulnerable as children but are situationally vulnerable because of their disability status. The power differential between children with disabilities and their families and the educators who work with them increases the likelihood for children and families to be harmed. Educators who reduce the risk of harm are intentional in their actions and decision-making, using their knowledge of special education law to drive their practices. These educators are highly ethical and understand the foundational nature of relationships. They hold each other, as well as institutional policy and procedure, accountable for safety, fairness, and equity. This chapter explores the capacity of all educators to do harm and the strategies to minimize this risk.
Family Participation in Early Response
Authors: Arslan Kiliçoğlu Emine , Aral Neriman
Published: July 2024

Family involvement is a key element in early intervention programs, as they must be tailored to individual children and family needs. Successful programs encourage parent participation, strengthening planning and cooperation with experts. Such involvement positively impacts children's development and program success, emphasizing the crucial role of parents in supporting children, particularly during their formative years. In this respect, the importance of family participation studies is clearly expressed when the best benefit of the individual with special needs is considered in early intervention studies.
Risk of Burnout and Its Management Among Special Education Professionals
Authors: Kara İlkem
Published: July 2024

Special education professionals play a pivotal role in supporting students with diverse needs, and their job-related demands encompass a wide range of responsibilities such as lesson planning, behavior management, and teacher-parent collaboration. When they perceive their resources and coping mechanisms are insufficient to meet the demands of their profession, excessive levels of stress can result in burnout. Burnout may have multifaceted adverse impacts on psychological-physical health and the teaching environment. Thus, understanding the underlying classroom-level, school-related, and individual factors is important to develop effective strategies for burnout prevention and management. Various factors can act as protective mechanisms against burnout such as emotion regulation skills, flexible coping strategies, and the reduction of ineffective coping mechanisms. By implementing proactive measures and interventions, workplaces may create environments that prioritize special education professionals' well-being, fostering resilience and preventing the onset of burnout.
The Muerto Shale
Authors: Rodriquez-Cruzado Jose Alfonso , Ore-Rodriguez Jorge Luis
Published: July 2024

The stratigraphic distribution of carbonate content (%CaO), total organic carbon (TOC), and pyrolysis parameters of a 277-meter section of the Muerto Formation, which was measured in the Corcobado outcrop, located in the Lancones Basin, Northwest Peru is characterized in the chapter. This is an organic-rich, calcareous sequence, with a thermal maturity in the oil window (Tmax = 455 °C and 1%Ro), which is also supported by the presence of bitumen in fractures. The authors identified an inverse relationship between %CaO and TOC, where it was observed that the highest organic enrichment (on average 2.42 wt.%) is associated with a carbonate content in the 30-40% range.
Cost-Effective Advanced Remote Diagnostics of Sucker Rod Pumping Wells From Dynamometric Charts
Authors: Hancco- Paccori Joel , Cara Manuel Castillo , Armacanqui - Tipacti Jesus Samuel
Published: July 2024

There is a growing number of oil production wells in the world that use rod pump units as an extraction system. In fact, this lifting method is become the preferred one for unconventional wells that are producing at the late-stage period, yet with still attractive rates of a few hundred bopd. Dynamometry basically consists of the visual interpretation of the shape of the load graph based on the position of the piston of the subsoil pump. This task is carried out by an operator and his experience is used for the correct interpretation that can be contrasted. With additional tests, diagnosis becomes very important because it allows optimizing production by adjusting rest and production times, reducing operation and maintenance costs, avoiding failures and unscheduled stops, but many times there are not enough trained personnel for interpretation. In this context, dynamometry has been refined both in the acquisition and in the interpretation of dynamometric records.
Shaping Sustainable Manufacturing
Authors: Babu C. V. Suresh , E. Sriram , B. Hemanth Raju , Matthai Prathik Alex , S. Sudharshan
Published: July 2024

This chapter explores the dynamic landscape of industry transformation through the integration of cutting-edge technologies. We delve into three key trends reshaping the industrial sector: Blockchain-based Supply Chain Management, IoT-based Energy Efficiency, and Industrial 4.0-based Predictive Maintenance. Drawing from real-world examples such as Provenance's use of blockchain to trace coffee bean origins, Siemens' IoT sensors optimizing energy consumption, and GE's digital twins for predictive maintenance, we unveil the practical applications and game-changing potential of these innovations. By examining their benefits, challenges, and future trajectories, this chapter equips professionals, researchers, and decision-makers with insights into how these technologies are revolutionizing industries, promoting sustainability, and driving operational efficiency.
Advancing Aerospace Inspection With Terahertz Technology
Authors: Akhai Shalom , Singh Shobhita , Kaur Sukhdeep , Kaur Kiranpreet
Published: July 2024

The chapter discusses the advancements in technology security and aerospace inspection, focusing on terahertz (THz) technology. THz, a mix of radio and light waves, is used in the detection of hazardous compounds and weapons, enabling accurate chemical identification, high-bandwidth communication, imaging, and material analysis. However, the Terahertz Gap presents challenges, leading to the development of THz Photoconductive Antennas (THz-PCAs), quantum cascade lasers (QCLs), frequency combs, optical photonic oscillators (OPOs), superconducting bolometers, and field-effect transistors. THz technology is revolutionizing non-destructive industrial quality control in aviation, space exploration, communication, and non-invasive medical imaging. Challenges include cost, size, complexity, and lack of standardization. This chapter suggests reducing costs, miniaturization, and standardization.
Optimising Motivation and Retention of Airline Employees Through the Application of Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory
Authors: Siddiqui Neha Nazneen
Published: July 2024

This chapter examines employee retention through Herzberg's two-factor theory, comparing motivation levels between Jet Airways and Indigo Airlines employees. The study aims to identify key motivators that influence retention. Quantitative analysis reveals Indigo employees exhibit significantly higher motivation across promotion policy, professional training, cross-departmental training, soft skills development, personal growth opportunities, recognition, and sense of achievement. The only factor showing no significant difference is a sense of responsibility. The findings underscore the critical role of intrinsic motivators in driving retention. Indigo's focus on employee development, recognition, and fulfillment translates into a more engaged workforce than Jet Airways. The study highlights the need for organizations to prioritize factors like growth, recognition, and achievement to foster motivation and long-term commitment.