bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Reciprocal Teaching berbantuan Media Visual terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas IV SDN Gugus V Manggelewa Tahun Ajaran 2020/2021
Authors: Faisal M. , Asrin Asrin , Jaelani Abdul Kadir
Published: May 2022

Masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah proses pembelajaran yang dilaksanakan pada kelas VI SDN Gugus V Manggalewa tergolong masih kurang efektif, dan hasil belajar juga masih rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan model pembelajaran Reciprocal Teaching berbantuan Media Visual terhadap hasil belajar siswa kelas VI SDN Gugus V Manggelewa Tahun Ajaran 2021/2022.  Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian eksperimen dengan jenis Quasi Eksperimental Design tipe desain Nonequivalent Control Group Design. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SDN 13 Manggelewa dan SDN 19 Manggelewa pada kelas VI yang berjumlah 46 siswa. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah Nonprobability Sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode tes untuk data hasil belajar dan metode observasi untuk data reciprocal teaching berbantuan media visual. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji One Way ANOVA dengan perhitungan SPSS 21.0 Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa uji validitas dan reliabilitas dilakukan melalui uji ahli, dan uji prasyarat menunjukkan bahwa data yang diperoleh homogeny dan berdistribusi normal. Adapun hasil uji hipotesis menunjukkan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0.000 ≤ 0.05, maka Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah penerapan model pembelajaran Reciprocal Teaching Berbantuan Media Visual berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar siswa kelas VI di SDN Gugus V Manggelewa Tahun Ajaran 2021/2022.
Potret Keterampilan Penyusunan RPP Kurikulm 2013 Calon Guru Biologi
Authors: Irawati Hani , Ma’rifah Destri Ratna
Published: May 2022

Salah satu kompetensi yang harus dikuasai oleh mahasiswa calon guru biologi adalah kompetensi pedagogi yang berkaitan dengan penyusunan rencana pembelajaran. Penelitian dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui keterampilan mahasiswa calon guru biologi di program studi pendidikan biologi FKIP UAD dalam menyusun RPP. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan lembar observasi dan angket untuk memperoleh data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keterampilan mahasiswa calon guru biologi di prodi Pendidikan biologi FKIP UAD dalam menyusun RPP berada dalam kategori baik, akan tetapi mahasiswa masih mengalami kendala dalam penentuan indikator pencapaian kompetensi, pemilihan model pembelajaran, dan penentuan instrumen penilaian.
Analisis Strategi Guru dalam Pengelolaan Kelas Daring di Kelas V SDN 35 Ampenan Tahun 2020/2021
Authors: Misnawati Misnawati , Karma I Nyoman , Oktaviyanti Itsna
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kegiatan pengelolaan kelas daring yang dilakukan oleh guru serta hambatan dan upaya dalam pelaksanaan pengelolaan kelas daring di Sekolah Dasar Negeri 35 Ampenan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif, dengan penyajian secara deskriptif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah guru/wali kelas V yaitu VA dan VB. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara dan dokumentasi. Keabsahan data menggunakan trianggulasi teknik. Analisis data pada penelitian menggunakan model interaktif dari Miles dan Huberman, dengan tahapan pengumpulan data, kondensasi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa guru telah (1) Melakukan pengelolaan kelas daring yang berkaitan dengan pengelolaan kelas jarak jauh melalui media teknologi berupa aplikasi WhatsApp dan Youtube. Adapun dalam menunjukkan sikap tanggap guru selalu berinteraksi dengan peserta didik, membantu peserta didik yang kesulitan dalam mengerjakan tugas dan memberikan komentar positif dalam menegur. Dalam membina hubungan baik guru melakukan pendekatan sosial, melakukan bimbingan kepada peserta didik yang bermasalah serta mengkomunikasikan dengan orangtuanya. (2) Hambatan terbesar dalam pelaksanaan pengelolaan kelas daring yaitu anak-anak banyak yang tidak memiliki handphone, selain itu kuota mahal dan jaringan internet yang sering gangguan sedangkan hambatan dari sekolah yaitu kurangnya fasilitas yang tersedia di sekolah untuk mendukung pembelajaran. Upaya yang dilakukan oleh guru yaitu memberi keringan untuk peserta didik yang tidak memiliki handphone, mengelompokkan peserta didik ke kelompok belajar dan menerapkan Pembelajaran Aktif, Kreatif, Efektif, dan Menyenangkan (PAKEM), diskusi dengan guru yang bersangkutan dalam penggunaan fasilitas yang akan digunakan. Hambatan terakhir yaitu kurangnya kedisiplinan peserta didik, upaya yang dilakukan oleh guru untuk mengatasi hambatan tersebut yaitu memberi teguran, nasehat dan mengkomunikasikan dengan orang tua peserta didik yang bermasalah.
Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) Berbasis Discovery Learning pada Pembelajaran Tematik Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar Tema 2 Selalu Berhemat Energi
Authors: Putri Desi Indah Risma , Istiningsih Siti , Rosyidah Awal Nur Khalifatur
Published: May 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan produk berupa Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) berbasis discovery learning, mengetahui kelayakan LKPD, respon guru dan peserta didik terhadap LKPD berbasis discovery learning. Pembaharuan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan tematik dengan mengambil tema 2 selalu berhemat energi yang memuat 3 mata pelajaran yaitu: Bahasa Indonesia, IPA, dan IPS untuk siswa kelas IV Sekolah Dasar. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan 4-D (Define, Design, Develop, Dessiminate) yang dikembangkan oleh Thiagajaran et al, yang dilakukan di 2 sekolah dengan melibatkan 6 siswa kelas IV SDN 7 Ampenan sebagai uji terbatas dan 15 siswa kelas IV SDN 23 Ampenan sebagai uji lapangan. Objek penelitian ini adalah LKPD berbasis discovery learning. Hasil penelitian yaitu penilaian dari validator ahli materi mendapatkan kriteria layak dengan rerata skor 3.1, penilaian validator ahli media mendapatkan kriteria sangat layak dengan rerata skor 3.3. Hasil uji coba terbatas berdasarkan penilaian respon guru mendapatkan kriteria sangat layak dengan rerata skor 3.1, dan penilaian respon peserta didik medapatkan kriteria sangat layak dengan rerata skor 3.3. Hasil uji coba lapangan berdasarkan penilaian respon guru mendapatkan kriteria sangat layak dengan rerata skor 4, dan penilaian respon peserta didik mendapatkan kriteria sangat layak dengan rerata skor 3.3.
Efektivitas Budaya Literasi terhadap Hasil Belajar IPS Siswa Kelas IV SDN Wora Tahun Ajaran 2021/2022
Authors: Andriani Titin Arlis , Hasanah Nur , Oktaviyanti Itsna
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen (Quasi Eksperimen) yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas budaya literasi terhadap hasil belajar IPS siswa kelas IV SDN Wora Tahun Ajaran 2021/2022. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan Nonequivalent control group design. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas IV SDN Wora, sedangkan sampelnya adalah kelas IVA sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas IVB sebagai kelas kontrol. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan berupa observasi dan tes hasil belajar. Data hasil belajar siswa berupa pretest dan posttest kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji Normalitas, uji Homogenitas, dan uji Hipotesis. Berdasarkan data hasil belajar yang dianalisis menggunakan uji t (t-test) diperoleh thitung sebesar 4.184 sedangkan ttabel sebesar 2.016 pada taraf kepercayaan 5%. Penjelasan tersebut menunjukkan bahwa thitung lebih besar dari ttabel sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa Ha diterima dan H0 ditolak. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa budaya literasi efektif terhadap hasil belajar IPS siswa kelas IV SDN Wora Tahun Ajaran 2021/2022.
Implementasi Pembelajaran Daring dalam Membangun Kemandirian Belajar Siswa Kelas V SDN Gunung Amuk Lombok Tengah Tahun Pelajaran 2021/2022
Authors: Habib M. Izzuddin , Saputra Heri Hadi , Oktaviyanti Itsna
Published: May 2022

Pandemi covid 19 mengakibatkan terganggunya aktivitas dibidang pendidikan, kegiatan pembelajaran dimasa pandemi ini dilaksanakan tanpa tatap muka secara langsung antara guru dan siswa melainkan dilaksanakan melalui sistem pembelajaran daring (dalam jaringan). Dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring ini menggunakan media smartphone yang terkoneksi jaringan internet sebagai media dalam belajar, dengan media tersebut kegiatan belajar siswa menjadi lebih kreatif  dan mandiri dalam belajar.  Untuk itu perlu penelitian tentang implementasi  pembelajaran daring dalam membangun kemandirian belajar siswa kelas V SDN Gunu Amuk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring dalam membangun kemandirian belajar siswa. 2) untuk mengetahui faktor penghambat kemandirian belajar siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan jenis deskriptif dengan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data yaitu wawancara dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dengan cara mengumpulkan data, mengkondensasi data, mereduksi data, dan menarik kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: 1) implementasi pembelajaran daring dalam membangun kemandirian belajar di kelas V, bahwa pelaksanaan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan media  whatsApp group efektif digunakan dan siswa terlihat antusias dalam mengikuti pembelajaran daring serta tugas-tugas yang diberikan oleh guru dikerjakan secara mandiri tanpa bergantung kepada orang lain. Tidak hanya itu siswa juga merasa yakin dengan jawaban yang dibuat sendiri. Dengan demikian siswa memiliki sikap mandiri seperti percaya diri, disiplin dalam belajar, bertanggungjawab dalam belajar, dan inisiatif belajar sendiri 2) faktor penghambat kemandirian belajar siswa ada dua yaitu faktor internal siswa seperti kurang  motivasi belajar, kurang percaya diri, takut gagal dan  kurang minat dalam belajar, sedangkan  eksternal siswa yaitu pola asuh orang tua dan lingkungannya. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa  kemandirian belajar siswa dimasa pandemi ini terlihat cukup mandiri dalam belajar, karena dilihat dari siswa mengerjakan tugas secara mandiri tanpa bantuan dari orang lain.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Audio Visual Powtoon pada Tema Lingkungan Bersih, Sehat dan Asri Semester II Kelas 1 di SDN 25 Ampenan
Authors: Putri Maela Saskia , Tahir Muhammad , Jiwandono Ilham Syahrul
Published: May 2022

Kendala yang dihadapi dalam pembelajaran yaitu kurangnya kreativitas guru sehingga media pembelajaran yang digunakan hanya berupa gambar-gambar serta video yang telah di unduh dari aplikasi Youtube. Oleh karena itu, media pembelajaran yang dikembangkan dalam penelitian ini adalah media pembelajaran audio visual Powtoon. Powtoon merupakan aplikasi berbasis web online yang disediakan bagi pengguna untuk membuat presentasi animasi dengan fitur yang sangat menarik diantaranya animasi tangan, animasi kartun, dan efek transisi yang lebih hidup serta pengaturan timeline yang mudah. Pengembangan media berbasis Powtoon untuk Sekolah Dasar kelas 1 ini, dikarenakan karakteristik belajar anak SD adalah meniru, mengamati, dan sangat tertarik pada animasi kartun, mereka lebih senang bermain sambil belajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui : 1) langkah-langkah dan bentuk media pembelajaran audio visual Powtoon pada tema lingkungan bersih sehat, dan asri semester II kelas 1 di SDN 25 Ampenan. 2) kelayakan media pembelajaran audio visual Powtoon pada tema lingkungan bersih, sehat dan asri semester II kelas 1 di SDN 25 Ampenan. 3) respon guru terhadap media pembelajaran Powtoon pada tema lingkungan bersih, sehat dan asri semester II kelas 1 di SDN 25 Ampenan. Jenis metode penelitian ini adalah Research and Development (R&D) menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE. Penelitian ini menggunakan 5 tahapan penelitian, yaitu analysis (analisis), design (perancangan), development (pengembangan), implementation (implementasi), dan evaluation (evaluasi). Penelitian ini dilakukan di SDN 25 Ampenan, Kecamatan Sekarbela. Alat pengumpulan data menggunakan angket dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian dan pengembangan ini adalah Media Pembelajaran audio visual berbasis PowToon pada tema lingkungan bersih, sehat dan asri semester II kelas 1 di SDN 25 Ampenan. Kelayakan media PowToon pada tema lingkungan bersih, sehat dan asri berdasarkan penilaian dari validator ahli media mendapatkan kriteria sangat layak dengan persentase sebesar 97,5% serta penilaian dari ahli materi mendapatkan kriteria sangat layak dengan persentase 94%. Hasil uji coba lapangan berdasarkan respon guru mendapatkan kriteria sangat layak dengan persentase sebesar 92,5%. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu penelitian dan pengembangan yang menghasilkan produk berupa media pembelajaran audio visual Powtoon pada tema lingkungan bersih, sehat dan asri semester II kelas 1 di SDN 25 Ampenan.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Video Pembelajaran terhadap Pemahaman Konsep IPA Siswa
Authors: Pratiwi Esti Mulyati , Gunawan Gunawan , Ermiana Ida
Published: May 2022

Pembelajaran IPA di sekolah dasar bertujuan untuk mengembangkan pengetahuan dan pemahaman konsep IPA yang bermanfaat dan diterapkan dalan kehidupan sehari-hari. Pemanfaatan media dan pengembangan pengetahuan yang kurang menyebabkan siswa kesulitan dalam memahami konsep. Pembelajaran IPA memerlukan media yang memudahkan siswa memahami konsep IPA, salah satunya dengan menggunakan video pembelajaran. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya pengaruh penggunaan video pembelajaran terhadap pemahaman konsep IPA siswa. Penelitian quasi experimental ini menggunakan nonequivalent control group design. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV SDN Inpres Kaleo sebanyak 28 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes bentuk pilihan ganda untuk mengetahui pemahaman konsep siswa IPA pada kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, dan uji-t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh penggunaan video pembelajaran terhadap pemahaman konsep IPA siswa pada kelas IV SDN Inpres Kaleo Tahun Ajaran 2021/2022. Hal tersebut dibuktikan dengan nilai signifikansi 0,023 yang lebih kecil dari 0,05 sehingga Ha diterima dan Ho ditolak. Selain itu terdapat perbedaan antara nilai rata-rata pemahaman konsep IPA pada kelompok eksperimen sebesar 82,57, dengan nilai rata-rata pemahaman konsep IPA pada kelompok kontrol sebesar 72,57. Dari hasil penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan video pembelajaran berpengaruh terhadap pemahaman konsep IPA siswa.
Comparison between preoperative and postoperative depression scores among genitourinary fistula patients.
Authors: Nisa Mohsin  , Pushpa Srichand Sachdev  , Sarwat Memon
Published: May 2022

Objective: To compare depression scores in genitourinary fistula patients according to Glasgow depression scale pre and postoperatively in tertiary care hospital. Study Design: Prospective Cohort study. Setting: Inpatient and Outpatient Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Isra University Hospital Hyderabad. Period: December 2018 to December 2019. Material & Methods: Patients with confirmed genitourinary fistulas undergoing corrective surgery were included. Glasgow Depression scale questionnaire was filled in Gynae ward at time of admission, postoperatively at discharge (14-21 days after surgery) and at 6 months follow-up after discharge in Urogynaecological Out Patient Department. In Glasgow depression scale 20 questions were asked from patients scoring 0,1 and 2 according to answers. Those scored greater than 13 were referred to primary mental health care center and Psychologist. Results: Total of 164 patients had successful genitourinary fistula repair. The average age of women was 47.63 (SD = ±17.1) years. Mean of depression scores preoperatively, at time of discharge and after 6 months of discharge was 19.69 (SD= ±2.61), 14.90 (SD= ±2.22) and 11.34 (SD= ±2.01) respectively. Mean decrease in depression score from preoperative to six months after discharge was 8.35 units, considered statistically significant with p-value less than 0.01. Conclusion: There is significant difference in depression scores preoperatively and postoperatively. Psychological symptoms decreases after surgical correction of fistulas.
Nutritional stabilization in paediatric intensive care unit: A Literature Review.
Authors: Asim Khurshid  , Muhammad Tariq Aziz  , Muhammad Abu Talib  , Imran Iqbal
Published: May 2022

The subject of nutrition in intensive care is being discussed among the pediatric intensivists since long. The nutritional supplementation plays a vital role in treatment of pediatric intensive care patients. In recent past, due to technological advances the pathophysiology of critical diseases is being better understood so better nutritional strategies are being implemented in critical care units. As a result the prognosis of intensive care patients is improving resulting in decreased length of stay and less number of deaths of these patients. The metabolic stress in sick patients is an important factor to be considered while calculating the nutritional requirements of patients. The body’s physiological mechanisms in the event of stress due to critical illness, need to be understood to make nutritional assessment of pediatric critical patients. The purpose of the current review is to recognize the recent nutritional supplementation guidelines of pediatric critical patients and to discuss any controversial issues. A meticulous study of the published literature regarding supplemental nutrition, energy calculation and algorithmic protocols for nutritional targets in pediatric critical population was done and areas in need of future research were identified.
Frequency of left ventricular thrombi after acute ST-Segment elevation myocardial infarction.
Authors: Naveed Ahmad  , Syed Tahir Shah  , Noor ul Hadi  , Umair Ali  , Sanaullah
Published: May 2022

Objective: To determine the frequency of left ventricular thrombi after acute ST-Segment elevation myocardial infarction. Study Design: Case Series study. Setting: Cardiology Department, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar. Period: July 2018 to December 2018. Material & Methods: Patients were included in study were of both gender having age 30-65 year admitted with acute STEMI (under the treatment of ST-Segment elevation myocardial infarction). Routine examination like ECG (cardiofax) and transthoracic echocardiography (Siemens’ Accuson CV-70) was done for all the patients who are already admitted and having treatment of acute ST-Segment elevation myocardial infarction. Left ventricular thrombus was measure on the basis of not contracting with systole, Wall motion near the structure is abnormal, color flow Doppler differentiates from stagnant flow after 2 weeks follow up. Any patients who lost to follow up were excluded from the study. Results: In this study a total of 120 patients were observed. The mean age was 48 years with standard deviation ± 11.45. Sixty two percent patients were male while 38% patients were female. More over 7% patients had Left ventricular thrombi while 93% patients didn’t had Left ventricular thrombi. Conclusion: Our study concludes that the frequency of left ventricular thrombi was 7% after acute ST-Segment elevation myocardial infarction.
Outcomes of ventral buccal mucosal graft urethroplasty: Our experience at tertiary care hospital.
Authors: Muhammad Imran Soomro  , Aamir Ali Shaikh  , Ahmed Bux Shaikh  , Nisar Ahmed Shaikh  , Amanullah Abbasi  , Malik Hussain Jalbani
Published: May 2022

Objective: To evaluate the outcomes of ventral buccal mucosal graft urethroplasty at tertiary care. Study Design: Case Control Study. Setting: Department of Urology, CMC/SMBBMU Larkana. Period: January 2018 to December 2018. Material & Methods: 50 patients with confidence interval of 95% and margin of error 5% Non-probability consecutive. All Data collected from record like age, stricture size, clinical presentation and routine investigation, Blood CP, ESR, urine culture and X-Ray retrograde urethrogram for proper diagnosis in all cases. Results: The mean age of patients was 35.2 years SD±15.25 years and Mean duration of symptoms was 14.7 month SD±9.98 month. Out of 50 cases of ventral onlay buccal mucosal graft urethroplasties, success rate was (90%). The main complication was transient swelling with altered sensation of lip in 3 cases (6%), 1 case (2%) with recurrent stricture at the site of proximal anastomosis, that was treated by direct vision internal urethrotomy. 1 case (2%) presented with impacted urethral stone that was removed endoscopically. Conclusion: Ventral buccal mucosa grafting urethroplasty give good results in long term with low rate of complications occurring mainly in first year postoperatively.
Association of low birth weight with environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure among pregnant women.
Authors: Taskeen Zahra Sajid  , Rabia Arshed Usmani  , Uzair Mumtaz  , Nayyer Riffat  , Shahbaz Baig  , Muhammad Hussain Cheema
Published: May 2022

Objectives: To determine the association between low birth weight babies and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure during pregnancy and the factors related to it. Study Design: Case Control study Setting: Obstetrical and Gynecological Units of a Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore. Period: March 2016 to August 2017. Material & Methods: Babies born to mothers’ aged between 20 to 35 years in all four Obstetrical and Gynecological units of a Sir Ganga Ram hospital, Lahore, were included. 150 low birth weight babies (LBW) born at term, fulfilling the exclusion and inclusion criteria were taken as cases and 150 normal weight babies born on same day were taken as controls. Mothers were interviewed on a semi structured and pretested questionnaire covering all variables using non- probability purposive sampling technique and the data was analyzed on SPSS Version 20.0. The difference of means was tested using independent t-test whereas difference of proportions was analyzed by using Pearson Chi -Square test. Odds Ratio of >2 was taken as significant. P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. In order to adjust the effect of confounder data was stratified. Results: 110/150(73.3%) cases and 48/150(32%) controls were exposed to ETS with odds of low birth weight being 5.84 times higher among exposed mothers. Odds of having low birth weight was 3.55 times for ETS exposure at home than those not having home exposure. Ninety Six cases (64%) and 70(46.7%) controls had no knowledge about passive smoking. Only one third of all respondents had knowledge about Second Hand Smoke(SHS) while 110 exposed to ETS, only 09 had adequate knowledge about passive smoking with a significant difference in the knowledge among mothers of the cases and controls (p value 0.004, T score -2889). Conclusion: Mothers exposed to ETS had 5.84 odds of having LBW babies than unexposed, endorsing the association between the two particular when at home. Illiteracy, illiterate smoker husband and poor knowledge of mother about SHS and its hazards further escalated the situation. More researches are, therefore, required to evaluate the effects of passive smoking exposure in a low income country like Pakistan and steps should be taken to avoid it especially during pregnancy.
Comparison of the ultrasonography guided catheterization with the landmark technique in internal jugular vein catheterization.
Authors: Hamid Raza  , Ahmeduddin Soomro  , Maqsood Ahmed Siddiqui  , Ashok Perchani  , Kamlesh  , Sorath Luhana
Published: May 2022

Objective: To determine the differences in using the ultrasound guided technique as compared to the landmark technique for the cardiac catheterization procedures. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Civil Hospital, Karachi. A Large Tertiary Care Hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. Period: November 2018 to November 2019. Material & Methods: Patients were divided into two groups, those who underwent catheterization through the landmark procedure and those who had the ultrasound guided procedure done. Various clinical and laboratory investigations were performed and recorded for the patients. The inclusion criteria was all the patients whose complete data was available in our archives, between the ages of 18 and 80 years, and belonging to the ASA Classification I to III, an international normalized ratio (INR) of <1.5 and platelet counts of >50,000 mm3. Results: The study population n= 600 patients, the mean age of patients was 65.2 +/- 10.6 years. We did not find any statistically significant differences in the age comparisons of the two groups, having a P-value of 0.3. Similarly, no difference was found in between genders, having a P-value of 0.8. When it comes to the duration of the bypass procedure there was no significant difference, the p value was 0.7. The success rate of the procedure was 89.79% in the landmark group and 98.07% in the ultrasound group, the P-value was significant at 0.04 respectively. Conclusion: The ultrasound-guided central venous catheterization is an effective and safer option when compared to the landmark technique.
Association of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with thyroid functions.
Authors: Mumtaz Ali Memon  , Ramesh Kumar Suthar  , Kavita Bai
Published: May 2022

Objective: To assess thyroid functions in individuals having non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Study Design: Cross Sectional, Comparative Study. Setting: Indus Medical College Hospital, Tando Muhammad Khan. Period: March 2018 to August 2018. Material & Methods: All diagnosed cases of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) ≥ 18 years of age, of either gender enrolled via OPD. Age and gender matched healthy controls also included for comparison. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) levels were measured in study participants by cobas e411(Roche). Data analyzed on SPSS version 18.0. The p value<0.05 was taken statistically significant. Results: When TSH of NAFLD patients were compared with that of healthy controls; highly significant difference found amongst both groups with (p value <0.01). Out of 83 NAFLD patients, 36.8% were euthyroid, 53.0% were subclinically hypothyroid and 10.8% were hypothyroid. While in healthy controls (n=47); 45 (97.9%) were euthyroid and only one found with subclinical hypothyroidism. When thyroid status compared among the patient suffering from NAFLD and healthy controls, (p-value <0.01). Conclusion: It is concluded that that there is substantial difference of TSH in the NAFLD group besides control healthy population.
Projeto evangélico e Direitos Humanos
Authors: Samain Etienne
Published: May 2022

A finalidade desta comunicação é simples: queria mostrar, breve e essencialmente, como a mensagem evangélica postula uma concepção do homem e uma compreensão de sua dignidade profunda que se colocam imediatamente em conexão com os direitos humanos. Em outras palavras, gostaria de abrir a nossa reflexão sobre alguns horizontes novos, mostrando como alguns textos centrais e fundamentais do Novo Testamento não somente supõem e implicam o que encontramos na Declaração dos Direitos Humanos, mas também — e isto me parece particularmente relevante — vão além e não podem ser reduzidos aos sós direitos humanos...
A Igreja do Brasil na defesa dos Direitos Humanos
Authors: Azzi Riolando
Published: May 2022

Tem sido pouco estudada a contribuição da Igreja Católica do Brasil na defesa dos direitos humanos. Essa contribuição parece não ter sido muito expressiva nos séculos passados... Neste estudo queremos indicar alguns dos principais condicionamentos a que a Igreja está sujeita para atuar nesta área, visando uma melhor compreensão histórica.

O aspecto básico que queremos ressaltar é que, em geral, a atuação tanto da hierarquia como do laicato católico está vinculada a uma concepção de Igreja na qual se crê, e que se pretende também defender e fortalecer.
Integrasi Waiting Line dan Fishbone Diagram Sebagai Optimasi Jumlah Fasilitas Antrian Migrasi Rekening Bank
Authors: Pradana Johan Alfian , Yunastrian Kurniandha Sukma , Abdullah Muhammad Fauzin
Published: May 2022

Antrian adalah salah satu aktivitas yang timbul dari setiap kegiatan. Aktivitas tersebut dapat mengakibatkan durasi menunggu tidak dapat diperkirakan. Kasus yang sedang terjadi pada sistem layanan admin perbankan adalah tidak seimbangnya jumlah nasabah yang harus dilayani dengan jumlah server yang tersedia. Oleh sebab itu, diperlukan optimasi jumlah server yang tepat agar didapatkan mutu layanan yang baik. Metode yang digunakan untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut adalah metode waiting line dengan capaian utilitas menggunakan model kuantitatif. Metode tersebut menerapkan simulasi 4 server dan 5 server. Observasi dilakukan selama lima minggu di suatu bank dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 1111 peserta. Hasil yang didapatkan setelah melakukan observasi adalah simulasi 5 server lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan 4 server. Nilai penurunan efektif dari 4 server dengan 5 server adalah antara 0,025% hingga 16,882%. Setelah ditemukan bahwa 5 server lebih efektif daripada 4 server, selanjutnya dilakukan analisis fishbone diagram untuk memberikan usulan aktivitas untuk mengoptimasi 5 server. Berdasarkan hasil analisis tersebut, ditemukan 3 akar masalah yang perlu dioptimalkan, yaitu waktu tunggu, sistem berjalan dengan 1 server, dan kesibukan tinggi. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa simulasi 5 server lebih baik daripada 4 server dalam hal utilitas, konsistensi waktu tunggu, dan kesibukan yang tinggi. Usulan terpilih akan dioptimalkan sebagai langkah meningkatkan layanan kepada nasabah.
Löytyvätkö kestävän asumisen ratkaisut mökiltä?
Authors: Santaoja Minna
Published: May 2022

Kirja-arvio Jarno Valkosen teoksesta "Mökin kanssa ajattelu – Ympäristösosiologinen mielikuvitus ympäristökriisin aikakaudella". Vastapaino, Tampere, 2022. (134 s.)
Hallux Arthrodesis
Authors: Vilá y Rico Jesús , Hernanz Yolanda , Abarquero-Diezhandino Ana
Published: May 2022

Hallux arthrodesis is a prominent technique, both in primary surgery and in reoperations. New devices and instruments have significantly improved outcomes, minimizing complications, although it is a demanding intervention from the technical point of viewand not exempt from complications. Arthrodesis is indicated in cases of primary or secondary hallux rigidus, and also as a salvage surgery for previous failed treatments such as joint sparing osteotomies or arthroplasty. Proper arthrodesis positioning is important, maintaining a dorsiflexion of 10-15º with a hallux valgus angle of nearly 10º and neutral rotation, in order to prevent complications such as hallux varus or interphalangeal joint arthritis. Arthrodesis outcomes are excellent from the clinical-functional and radiological point of view, with a union rate of 93.5%; however, this technique is not exempt from complications such as nonunion, malunion, need for hardware removal, and skin and healing problems. Nonetheless, this technique provides excellent outcomes. Level of Evidence V; Therapeutic Studies; Expert Opinion.
Posterior osteochondroma of the talus as posterior ankle impingement syndrome: a case report
Authors: Souza Júnior Eli Ávila
Published: May 2022

Posterior ankle impingement syndrome is a common cause of ankle pain. Posterior osteochondroma of the talus is very rare and scarcely described in the literature, although it should always be considered an etiological hypothesis of posterior impingement. As for surgical treatment, both endoscopic and open approaches are reported as therapeutic options. The endoscopic approach, however, provides advantages over open procedures. Although little data has been published, it is believed that the former has more advantages. I report a rare case of posterior osteochondroma of the talus in a young man, clinically manifested as posterior ankle impingement syndrome and treated endoscopically. Level of Evidence V; Diagnostic Studies; Expert Opinion.
One-stage correction of combined hindfoot, forefoot, and knee deformities: Joint preserving surgery
Authors: Ummen de Almeida Tenório Villar Ricardo , Oliveira Generoso Talissa , Correa Paiva Fonseca Fábio , Araújo Pires Eduardo , Passarelli Tirico Luis Eduardo , Leme Godoy-Santos Alexandre
Published: May 2022

Combined angular deformities of the knee and foot are challenging clinical presentations for the orthopedic surgeon. We describe a surgical technique used in a 58-year-old man diagnosed with genu varum associated with progressive collapsing foot deformity and severe hallux valgus. The surgical team and the patient decided to perform a one-stage correction of all deformities. The procedure included corrective osteotomies with bone grafting and soft tissue reconstruction. The varus knee, hindfoot valgus, and hallux valgus were properly corrected intraoperatively with the surgical techniques described here. Satisfactory functional outcomes and excellent maintenance of the realignment were achieved at short-term follow-up. Level of Evidence V; Therapeutic Studies; Expert Opinion.
Comminuted navicular fracture treated with an internal fixation plate – Technical Tip
Authors: Mansur Henrique , De Lucena da Silva Landweherle , Maranho Daniel Augusto
Published: May 2022

Fractures of the navicular are relatively uncommon lesions. Comminuted fractures of the navicular body may be associated with focal bone collapse and loss of integrity of the medial column of the midfoot with gross instability, leading to deformities and potential early osteoarthritis. The treatment is challenging due to the difficulties to maintain the length and stability of the midfoot medial column and restoring the anatomy without damaging the vascular supply. Here we present an option for the surgical treatment of comminuted fractures of the navicular using a low-profile locking plate with the “bridge” principle as a temporary internal fixator. The technique consists of restoring the navicular anatomy by fixing the larger fragments with screws and applying indirect reduction of minor fragments. The bone length is maintained by a bridge-plating system with screws inserted into the talus and the medial cuneiform, crossing the talonavicular and naviculocuneiform joints. Implants are removed after fracture healing. Level of Evidence: V; Therapeutic Study; Expert Opinion.
Reliability of intraoperative radiographic visual assessment of the hallux interphalangeal angle after hallux valgus correction
Authors: Norberto Faria Ferrao Paulo , Pandelis Saragas Nikiforos , Khademi Mohammadali
Published: May 2022

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability and reproducibility of visual estimation of the hallux interphalangeal angle (IPA). As a secondary aim we assessed for change in the IPA before and after hallux valgus (HV) correction. Methods: A total of 50 surgically treated HV deformities were included in the study. Two surgeons visually estimated the IPA on intraoperative fluoroscopy after correcting HV. The fellow then measured the IPA formally on a printout of the fluoroscopic image. Pre-and intraoperative HVI angles were compared to assess for change after HV correction. Results: The researchers found the interobserver reliability of radiographic visual assessment of the IPA to be 78% and intraobserver reliability to be 76% and 80% for surgeon 1 and 2, respectively. It was found that the preoperative IPA is on average 5.5 degrees less than IPA after HV correction. Conclusion: Radiographic visual assessment of the IPA of the hallux was found to be reliable intraoperatively, thus aiding in the amount of correction required by Akin osteotomy. HVI can be masked by hallux pronation in HV deformity and should be assessed intraoperatively after HV correction. Level of Evidence II; Therapeutic Studies; Prospective Comparative Study.
Intra-articular pressure measurement of the first metatarsophalangeal joint of the foot
Authors: Castellini Jorge Luis
Published: May 2022

Objective: To measure the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) intra-articular pressure of the first ray before surgical intervention for hallux valgus (HV), recurrent HV, and hallux rigidus (HR). Methods: This is a cross-sectional study including a consecutive sample of patients obtained from 1/1/2009 and 8/30/2015 in a center in Argentina. Measurements were made with a Stryker® pressure gauge, and results were expressed in mmHg. Descriptive and comparative statistics (Mann-Whitney test) were performed. Results: A total of 166 feet were included, 120 cases with HV, 20 with HR, and 26 with recurrent HV; the sample consisted of men and women aged 15 to 90 years. The greater HV deformity, the higher intra-articular pressure at rest and during maximal dorsiflexion and maximal plantar flexion. Conversely, an inverse situation is observed in HR: the greater the deformity, the lower intra-articular pressure. Median resting intra-articular pressure of the first MTP joint of the foot was 3 mmHg in mild HV, compared to 23 mmHg in early-stage HR (p=0.001). Conclusions: The measurement of intra-articular pressure could be a useful tool to differentiate early stages of joint diseases of the first ray of the foot. Level of Evidence II; Prognostic Studies; Retrospective Study.
Treatment of hallux rigidus: allograft interpositional arthroplasty vs arthrodesis
Authors: Bennett Krumm Drew , Jonathan Patton Daniel , Scott Madden Tyler , Gregory Anderson John , Maskill John David , Raymond Bohay Donald , Arisleida Padley Michelle , Behrend Lindsey Adele
Published: May 2022

Objective: Surgery for severe hallux rigidus includes interpositional arthroplasty and arthrodesis. Interpositional arthroplasty maintains joint mobility, while arthrodesis limits motion. The aim of this study was to compare changes in Visual Analog Scale and American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society scores between interpositional arthroplasty and arthrodesis patients. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of 48 patients was performed. There were 24 patients in the interpositional arthroplasty group and 24 patients in the arthrodesis group. A follow-up phone survey was administered from which updated Visual Analog Scale and American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society scores were obtained.Results: Visual Analog Scale scores improved by 4.08 (SD, 2.02) points after interpositional arthroplasty and 4.54 (SD, 3.64) points after arthrodesis. American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society scores improved by 28 (SD, 16) points after interpositional arthroplasty and 29 (SD, 26) points after arthrodesis. Conclusion: In hallux rigidus patients, pain improvement results were similar for both interpositional arthroplasty and arthrodesis. Interpositional arthroplasty has been reported in the literature as maintaining mobility, which is an important goal of many patients. Level of Evidence III; Therapeutic Studies; Case-Control Study.
Diálogos construídos com professoras alfabetizadoras: quem ensina e quem aprende com o ensino remoto?
Authors: Goulart Ilsa do Carmo Vieira , Cabral Giovanna Rodrigues , Naves Ludmila Magalhães
Published: May 2022

Diante das recomendações de isolamento e distanciamento social, a instauração do ensino remoto emergencial foi a estratégia utilizada pelas instituições de ensino para minimizar as lacunas deixadas na educação das crianças nos anos de 2020 e 2021, no Brasil. Assim, com a proposição de ações pedagógicas a serem realizadas em casa, distantes da escola, as redes públicas de ensino estão enfrentando o desafio de garantir a aprendizagem dos estudantes em tempos de isolamento social e fechamento das escolas, decorrentes do contexto pandêmico provocado pelo Coronavírus (COVID-19). Frente a esta situação inusitada da educação, pode-se questionar: quem ensina e quem aprende neste contexto de ensino remoto? A partir desta provocação, este texto pretende debater sobre as condições da docência no formato remoto e os espaços diferenciados para a elaboração e efetivação dos processos de ensinar e de aprender, buscando refletir sobre as percepções das práticas educativas em ambientes remotos e os impactos na formação inicial docente. Para isso, apresenta-se um relato de experiência a partir das ações formativas desenvolvidas nos componentes curriculares Práticas de Alfabetização e Letramento e Estágio em Alfabetização e Letramento, lecionados para estudantes do curso de Pedagogia, trazendo situações de diálogos com professoras alfabetizadoras sobre os processos de ensinar e de aprender em circunstâncias remotas.
Rereading qahal as Deuteronomist history works: Literal and ideological criticism approach
Authors: Napitupulu Pieter Anggiat , Santoso Agus , Putrawan Bobby Kurnia
Published: May 2022

Some biblical scholars understand Deuteronomy to be the end of the Pentateuch. Before the nation of Israel became a confederate system, the socio-political reality could usually be seen in the composition, interaction, and behavior of relationships in society, which were assumed to be political elements. The Israeli confederation which is like the ambition centered on Yahweh is what the author refers to as Israel's "Qahal". Martin Noth explains Qahal Israel in Deuteronomist Historical Works, which began with a period of wandering under the leadership of Musa, then became an immigrant in the Land of Canaan, followed by Saul's leadership where Israel asked the king to directly lead the Israelites. In the leadership of David and Solomon, which originally had 12 tribes, eventually split into two nations. With this monarchical system, God hates, because he does not reject God as the government in their life. The purpose of this study was to find the location of the Deuteronomy and Eating Qahal books in the book of laws. The research method uses critical research with a study of literature and ideological sources using Martin Noth's theory which is an early thesis in Deuteronomic History Works. The novelty of this research is the existence of a new meaning where the main message of Deuteronomic history works, namely Israel is forced to turn to God, confess His sins, and return to submit and obey His word because they have been chosen to be God's people (2 Ki 17:13).
Kombongan Masallo' sebagai pemaknaan hakikat gereja dalam konteks bergereja Toraja
Authors: Tanggulungan Abraham Sere
Published: May 2022

Kombongan Masallo' is a translation into the context of the Toraja church, which shows the Toraja Church's awareness of its culture as a gift and a tool used by God to reveal himself to him. However, the term "Kombongan Masallo" is suspected to be prone to swallowing, even misleading, in the appreciation of the nature of the church if it is not based on the right meaning. Therefore, this study aims to explore the concept of kombongan as an indigenous Toraja term and evaluate it in the light of biblical truth, according to the tradition of the Toraja Church itself, to offer a reconstruction of a new Christian meaning. For this effort, a theoretical approach to the theology of the Bevans-style translation model is used within the framework of developing contextual theology. By using a qualitative descriptive method that explores information sourced from written documents, information from church leaders, and traditional Toraja leaders, it is found that on the one hand, the term Kombongan Masalo' greatly enriches and deepens the theological meaning of the church; however, on the other hand, the meaning of the term needs to be constructively transcended theologically based on the truth of the Bible. This will greatly help the Toraja church members to appreciate the church as a meeting, fellowship, and entity that continues to grow, where each member is subject to prevailing values and norms, lives in a relationship based on sincerity and spaciousness of heart, and is bound to one another by guidance. The Holy Spirit. AbstrakKombongan Masallo’ merupakan salah satu terjemahan ke dalam konteks bergereja Toraja, yang menunjukkan kesadaran Gereja Toraja akan budayanya sebagai anugerah dan alat yang dipakai Allah untuk menyatakan diri kepadanya. Namun, istilah Kombongan Masallo’  diduga rentan mendangkalkan, bahkan menyesatkan, dalam penghayatan hakikat bergereja jika tidak didasarkan pada pemaknaan yang tepat. Sebab itu, penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi konsep kombongan sebagai term indigenous Toraja, mengevaluasinya dalam terang kebenaran Alkitab, menurut tradisi Gereja Toraja sendiri, guna menawarkan sebuah rekonstruksi pemaknaan baru yang kristiani. Untuk upaya itu, digunakan pendekatan teoretis berteologi model terjemahan ala Bevans dalam kerangka pengembangan teologi kontekstual. Dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif yang menggali informasi bersumber pada dokumen tertulis, informasi dari tokoh gereja, maupun tokoh adat Toraja, didapatkan bahwa pada satu sisi, term Kombongan Masalo’ sangat memperkaya dan memperdalam makna teologis gereja; namun, di sisi lain makna istilah tersebut perlu ditransendensi secara konstruktif teologis berlandaskan kebenaran Injil. Hal tersebut akan sangat menolong warga gereja Toraja menghayati gereja sebagai pertemuan, persekutuan, dan entitas yang terus bertumbuh, di mana setiap anggotanya tunduk pada nilai dan norma yang berlaku, hidup dalam relasi yang dilandasi ketulusan dan kelapangan hati, serta terikat satu sama lain oleh tuntunan Roh Kudus.
Perwujudan kebahagiaan dalam relasi interpersonal: Implementasi etika Kerajaan Allah berdasarkan Matius 5:3-9
Authors: Widiyanto Mikha Agus , Sukri Armin
Published: May 2022

Happiness is hope for all human beings. Happiness is not just affected by income or economic factors, but also by social dimensions related to the relationship built with others. Through the implementation of Kingdom of God ethical principles based on Matthew 5:3-9 make one’s interpersonal relationship to be good and impact the happiness realization. This research used a mixed method design, namely exploratory sequential design, examining Matthew 5:3-9 by qualitative approach with exegeses, followed by a quantitative approach to find the causal relationship between variables. The result showed that: there is a significant influence on the implementation of the ethical principles based on Matthew 5:3-9 on the interpersonal relationship; there is a significant influence on the implementation of the ethical principles based on Matthew 5:3-9 to the happiness; and, there is no significant influence on the interpersonal relationship to the happiness. Implementing the Kingdom of God ethical principles by being poor before God or living in submission and relying on God, expressing meek attitudes, showing generosity, and being able to bring peace will improve the personal relationship to be good and happiness realization.  AbstrakKebahagiaan menjadi harapan bagi semua manusia. Kebahagiaan tidak hanya dipengaruhi faktor pendapatan atau ekonomi, melainkan dimensi sosial terkait dengan relasi yang terbangun dengan orang lain. Melalui pengimplementasikan prinsip-prinsip etika Kerajaan Allah berdasarkan Matius 5:3-9 membuat relasi interpersonal seseorang menjadi baik dan berdampak pada terwujudnya kebahagiaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perwujudan kebahagiaan melalui implementasi prinsip-prinsip etika Kerajaan Allah dalam relasi interpersonal berdasarkan Matius 5:3-9. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain mixed methods ini yang dinamakan exploratory sequential design, dengan mengkaji Matius 5:3-9 melalui pendekatan kualitatif dengan eksegese, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan pendekatan kuantitatif untuk mengetahui hubungan kausal antar variabel. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa:  terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan implementasi prinsip-prinsip etika Kerajaa Allah berdasarkan Matius 5:3-9 terhadap relasi interpersonal; terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan implementasi prinsip-prinsip etika Kerajaa Allah berdasarkan Matius 5:3-9 terhadap kebahagiaan; dan tidak terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan relasi interpersonal terhadap kebahagiaan. Mengimplementasikan prinsip-prinsip etika Kerajaan Allah dengan menjadi miskin di hadapan Allah atau hidup berserah dan mengandalakan Tuhan, menampilkan sikap lemah lembut, menampilkan kemurahan hati dan mampu menjadi pembawa damai akan meningkatkan relasi interpersonal menjadi baik dan terwujudnya kebahagiaan.
RELEVÂNCIA DA EDUCAÇÃO PARA DIVERSIDADE COMO CLÁUSULA PIETRA
Authors: Barreto Gomes Edilair Alcantara , Costa da Mata Nildete
Published: May 2022

O presente artigo tem como objetivo primordial analisar as contribuições da educação para o reconhecimento da diversidade religiosa na comunidade escolar, evidenciando a educação como espaço de direito e de transformação dos professores e alunos que atuam como agentes mediadores no respeito à liberdade religiosa, bem como, reflexões quanto às implicações sociais, históricas, econômicas e culturais no ambiente escolar.