bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The clinical significance of monitoring the expression of the SIL‐TAL1 fusion gene in T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Zhao X. , Hong Y. , Qin Y. , Xu Y. , Chang Y. , Wang Y. , Zhang X. , Xu L. , Huang X.
Published: July 2017

Introduction

SIL‐TAL1 rearrangement is common in T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T‐ALL). However, whether this fusion gene might be used as a reliable marker of minimal residual disease (MRD) following allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) remains unknown

Methods

The clinical data of consecutive 29 patients with T‐ALL who received allo‐HSCT were collected. Their MRD were evaluated by SIL‐TAL1, Wilms' tumor 1 (WT1) expression, and the leukemia‐associated immunophenotype (LAIP) .

Results

The median follow‐up was 354 days (71‐2111 days). Of the enrolled patients, 14 (87.5%) patients died of leukemia relapse. A total of 15 (51.7%) patients experienced relapse at a median of 90 days (60‐540 days) after transplantation. The SIL‐TAL1 expression of 16 patients converted from negative prior to transplantation to positive at 77 days (30‐281 days) following transplantation; furthermore, 15 (93.8%) of them eventually experienced relapse. In the 15 relapsed patients, 13 (86.7%) had increased SIL‐TAL1 expression levels 30 days (11‐220 days) earlier than the hematological relapse and the detection of abnormal WT1 and LAIP.

Conclusion

We are the first to demonstrate the reliability of the SIL‐TAL1 fusion gene as a good MRD marker for patients with T‐ALL after allo‐HSCT.
Pushing the Boundaries of Amnesia and Myopia: A Critical Review of the Literature on Identity in Management and Organization Studies
Authors: Knights David , Clarke Caroline
Published: July 2017

The aim of this article is to review a selection of the literature on identity at work in Management and Organization Studies (MOS) in order to raise critical questions concerning what we see as the dangers of a certain amnesia and myopia. Insofar as some of the contemporary literature neglects to engage with the historical and multidisciplinary past and present, there is a tendency to leave common‐sense understandings of identity unexamined, thereby reproducing everyday preoccupations with securing the self. By contrast with such rational individualism, we seek a more embodied understanding of identity, where it is a means of building our ethical engagements and capacities for community living. By failing to problematize identity, there is little recognition of how attempts to secure the self are invariably self‐defeating if only because they are necessarily contingent on the other who is unpredictable and uncontrollable. The main contribution of the article is to show how this failure to interrogate identity is far from benign since it often results in reinforcing everyday preoccupations with the self that can turn into narcissism, and deflect and curtail alternative practices of embodied engagement. We trust that our deliberations will be helpful in advancing the ‘road less travelled’, where studies advance beyond taking identity for granted, and move instead towards more embodied understandings of ethical engagement.
Exploring the Registers of Identity Research
Authors: Corlett Sandra , McInnes Peter , Coupland Christine , Sheep Mathew
Published: July 2017

As the lead, introductory, contribution to this special issue ‘Exploring Registers of Identity Research’, this paper offers a view of three different ‘registers’ that might be seen to characterize identity research and which feature, to a greater or lesser extent, in the selected papers. First, the paper offers a means to understand the different theoretical traditions used to explain what constitutes identity and how it might be known. Second, it considers the relationship between different levels of identity – individual, group, professional, organizational and societal. Third, it reviews the methodologies used to understand identities and examines key theoretical assumptions which feature in academic debates, and in the selected papers, around identity theorizing. Drawing on the papers included in this special issue we offer a framework as a heuristic device that might guide scholars looking to enter the field of identity research and enable those already familiar with particular theoretical traditions, levels or methods to explore possibilities for extending their research. As an enticement to tackle the challenges extension across‐registers can present, we again turn to the special issue articles to examine – through a series of ‘gets’ – the different tactics authors might use to access the rich potential offered by cross‐fertilization between registers. Our contribution then lies in advancing the potential for dialogue between registers of identity research.
Identity Work and Organizational Identification
Authors: Brown Andrew D.
Published: July 2017

In this paper, I analyse five approaches to identity work – discursive, dramaturgical, symbolic, socio‐cognitive, and psychodynamic – and show how these are helpful in exploring the ways people draw on their membership of organizations in their constructions of self, processes generally referred to as organizational identification. Collectively, these approaches constitute a distinctive perspective on identities and identifications which suggests that they are ‘worked on’ by embedded social actors who are both constrained and enabled by context. In so doing, I draw attention to issues of agency and process, the always dynamic and complex, often fractured, and sometimes contradictory nature of identities and identifications, and raise a series of issues and questions for further research.
Current state of pharmacovigilance in the Arab and Eastern Mediterranean region: results of a 2015 survey
Authors: Qato Danya M
Published: July 2017

Objectives

This study describes the current state of pharmacovigilance systems in Arab and Eastern Mediterranean countries.

Methods

A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between May and September 2015. Data were gathered from a standardized online survey sent to pharmacovigilance leadership identified as the official national contact for the WHO Programme for International Drug Monitoring. In countries with no specified pharmacovigilance programme or leadership, Ministry of Health officers responsible for drug safety policies were invited to participate in the survey. The survey measured three domains of pharmacovigilance performance using indicators that were defined and assigned scores a priori: 10 structural, 10 process, and seven impact indicators. Total scores were assigned to each domain of indicators, and countries were compared depending on their total performance score.

Key findings

Complete responses were received from 20 countries (of 24 total), representing an 83% response rate. Approximately 20% (n = 4) of respondents reported not having any pharmacovigilance programme in their country. In total, across the three primary pharmacovigilance performance domains, the mean score for the 20 countries in the survey was 28.9 [standard deviation(SD): 13.8] with a range from 4 to 48 (maximum possible score: 48). In the structural performance domain, which assessed the existence of key pharmacovigilance structures, systems and policies in each country, the mean score among respondents was 13.1 (SD: 5.7) and the scores ranged from 2 to 19 (maximum possible score: 19). In the process performance domain, which assessed the constellation of activities undertaken by pharmacovigilance programmes (including the collection, collation, analysis and evaluation of adverse drug event reports), the mean score among respondent countries was 9.1 (SD: 5.4) and the scores ranged from 0 to 17 (maximum possible score: 17). Finally, in the impact domain, which measured the scope of national efforts at promoting risk minimization and increasing awareness in use of potentially unsafe pharmaceutical products, the mean score was 6.8 (SD: 3.6) and scores ranged from 0 to 12 (maximum possible score: 12).

Conclusions

The findings suggest wide disparities in pharmacovigilance systems in the region, underscoring the need for a multistakeholder effort in bolstering programme development and the necessity to build collaboration regionally and internationally to enhance capacity, improve public and healthcare provider awareness and assist in the development of pharmacovigilance systems still in their nascent stage.
Comparing the reported burn conditions for different severity burns in porcine models: a systematic review
Authors: Andrews Christine J , Cuttle Leila
Published: July 2017

There are many porcine burn models that create burns using different materials (e.g. metal, water) and different burn conditions (e.g. temperature and duration of exposure). This review aims to determine whether a pooled analysis of these studies can provide insight into the burn materials and conditions required to create burns of a specific severity. A systematic review of 42 porcine burn studies describing the depth of burn injury with histological evaluation is presented. Inclusion criteria included thermal burns, burns created with a novel method or material, histological evaluation within 7 days post‐burn and method for depth of injury assessment specified. Conditions causing deep dermal scald burns compared to contact burns of equivalent severity were disparate, with lower temperatures and shorter durations reported for scald burns (83°C for 14 seconds) compared to contact burns (111°C for 23 seconds). A valuable archive of the different mechanisms and materials used for porcine burn models is presented to aid design and optimisation of future models. Significantly, this review demonstrates the effect of the mechanism of injury on burn severity and that caution is recommended when burn conditions established by porcine contact burn models are used by regulators to guide scald burn prevention strategies.
Evaluation of DNA methylation of inflammatory genes following treatment of chronic periodontitis: A pilot case–control study
Authors: Asa'ad Farah , Bollati Valentina , Pagni Giorgio , Castilho Rogerio M. , Rossi Eleonora , Pomingi Francesca , Tarantini Letizia , Consonni Dario , Giannobile William V. , Rasperini Giulio
Published: July 2017

Objective

To evaluate the influence of periodontal therapy on DNA methylation in patients with chronic periodontitis as compared to healthy individuals.

Material and Methods

Twenty patients were enrolled into two groups: (i) 10 diagnosed as clinically healthy; and (ii) 10 diagnosed with chronic periodontitis. Clinical measures were recorded and gingival biopsies were harvested at baseline (both patient groups) and at 2 and 8 weeks post‐baseline for diseased individuals. Molecular DNA methylation analysis was performed by pyrosequencing for the putative inflammation‐associated genes LINE‐1, COX‐2, IFN‐γ and TNF‐α. Random‐intercept linear regression models were applied to evaluate methylation levels across groups at baseline and the methylation changes over time in the diseased and normal tissues.

Results

Periodontal therapy did not influence gene expression methylation of TNF‐α, IFN‐γ and LINE‐1 levels at normal and periodontitis sites over time. However, it significantly reduced COX‐2 methylation levels comparable to healthy individuals at both 2 and 8 weeks post‐treatment (p < .05).

Conclusions

Periodontal therapy resets the DNA methylation status of inflammatory gene for COX‐2 in patients with periodontal disease. DNA methylation levels of TNF‐α, IFN‐γ and LINE‐1 were sustained in periodontitis sites despite therapy. Future studies should consider an expanded panel of inflammatory genes over time. (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02835898).
Annual Research Review: DNA methylation as a mediator in the association between risk exposure and child and adolescent psychopathology
Authors: Barker Edward D. , Walton Esther , Cecil Charlotte A.M.
Published: July 2017

Background

DNA methylation (DNAm) is a potential mechanism for propagating the effects of environmental exposures on child and adolescent mental health. In recent years, this field has experienced steady growth.

Methods

We provide a strategic review of the current child and adolescent literature to evaluate evidence for a mediating role of DNAm in the link between environmental risks and psychopathological outcomes, with a focus on internalising and externalising difficulties.

Results

Based on the studies presented, we conclude that there is preliminary evidence to support that (a) environmental factors, such as diet, neurotoxic exposures and stress, influence offspring DNAm, and that (b) variability in DNAm, in turn, is associated with child and adolescent psychopathology. Overall, very few studies have examined DNAm in relation to both exposures and outcomes, and almost all analyses have been correlational in nature.

Conclusions

DNAm holds potential as a biomarker indexing both environmental risk exposure and vulnerability for child psychopathology. However, the extent to which it may represent a causal mediator is not clear. In future, collection of prospective risk exposure, DNAm and outcomes – as well as functional characterisation of epigenetic findings – will assist in determining the role of DNAm in the link between risk exposure and psychopathology.
A New Time‐Varying Parameter Autoregressive Model for U.S. Inflation Expectations
Authors: LANNE MARKKU , LUOTO JANI
Published: July 2017

We study the evolution of U.S. inflation by means of a new noncausal autoregressive model with time‐varying parameters that outperforms the corresponding causal and constant‐parameter noncausal models in terms of fit and forecast accuracy. Our model also beats the unobserved component stochastic volatility (UCSV) model, one of the best‐performing univariate inflation forecasting models, in terms of both point and density forecasts. We also show how the new Keynesian Phillips curve can be estimated based on our noncausal model. Both expected and lagged inflation turn out important, but the former dominates in determining the current inflation.
Acute effects of alcohol on sleep are mediated by components of homeostatic sleep regulatory system
Authors: Alam Md. Noor , McGinty Dennis
Published: July 2017

Alcohol causes adenosine buildup, which inhibits wake‐active neurons via adenosine A1 receptors thus disinhibiting sleep active neurons and also stimulates sleep‐active neurons via A2A receptors, causing sleep. This editorial highlights the study entitled, “Lesions of the basal forebrain cholinergic neurons attenuates sleepiness and adenosine after alcohol consumption” by Sharma and colleagues. They report that the wake‐promoting basal forebrain (BF) cholinergic neurons play a crucial role in mediating acute alcohol‐induced sleep via adenosinergic signaling.

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In vitro fertilization and pregnancy management in a woman with acquired idiopathic chylous ascites
Authors: Sakamoto Ai , Kamada Yasuhiko , Kotani Sayoko , Yamada Kiyoshi , Kimata Yoshihiro , Hiramatsu Yuji
Published: July 2017

Acquired idiopathic chylous ascites is extremely rare in women of reproductive age. This is the first report describing successful infertility and pregnancy management in a patient with idiopathic chylous ascites.

A 23‐year‐old woman presented with abdominal distention and was diagnosed with idiopathic fluid collection. A lymphogram revealed lymphatic leakage from the right renal hilum. Lymphatic‐venous anastomosis of the thoracic duct was performed thrice, but the chylous ascites persisted. In vitro fertilization was performed because natural conception was not possible. Just prior to oocyte retrieval, transvaginal drainage of ascites was performed. In total, nine blastocysts were obtained and cryopreserved. Single frozen embryo transfer was performed, including hormone replacement therapy. The patient became pregnant and the ascites spontaneously decreased as the pregnancy progressed, finally disappearing around gestational week 20. A healthy baby was delivered transvaginally. Ascites began to reaccumulate on post‐partum day 1 and returned to the pre‐pregnancy level within a month.
A retrospective analysis of Impella use in all‐comers: 1‐year outcomes
Authors: Lazkani Mohamad , Murarka Shishir , Kobayashi Akihiro , Seibolt Luke , Yang Tae , Pershad Ashish
Published: July 2017

Background

There are non‐randomized data about the benefits of Impella use in the setting of cardiogenic shock. However, limited data exist to help guide clinicians about whether in the context of the intervention the device should be implanted early or late; how long the device should stay in; and how the mode of explant should be.

Methods

This is a retrospective, single center registry over 5 years comparing in‐hospital outcomes and 1‐year mortality in all‐comers who had the Impella device placed early versus those who had the device placed late as a bailout. The primary endpoint was a composite of in‐hospital all‐cause mortality, major vascular, bleeding complications, and stroke. A secondary endpoint was 1‐year mortality.

Results

Of 262 total patients, 181 (69.1%) had early and 81 (30.9%) had late Impella placement. Patients in the early group had a lower combined MACCE (17.1% vs 59.3%, P < 0.001) and in‐hospital mortality (8.8% vs 48.1%, P < 0.001) compared to the late group. Major vascular (3.3% vs 2.5%, P = 1.0), bleeding complications (5.0% vs 7.4%, P = 0.57), and stroke (3.3% vs 7.4%, P = 0.20) were not significant between groups. Early Impella placement had lower 6 month (17.7% vs 53.1%, P < 0.001) and 1‐year mortality rates (21.5% vs 53.1%, P < 0.001) compared to those in the late group.

Conclusion

For patients with need for an Impella device, regardless of the indication, early implantation is associated with better in‐hospital and 1‐year outcomes as compared to when the device is implanted late as a bailout.
Direct and Indirect Pathways From Adverse Childhood Experiences to High School Dropout Among High‐Risk Adolescents
Authors: Morrow Anne S. , Villodas Miguel T.
Published: July 2017

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with an increased risk for school dropout. This study examined pathways from childhood adversity to school dropout through academic, behavioral, emotional, and social pathways. Data were collected prospectively from 728 adolescents and their caregivers who participated in the Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect and from child protective services records. Path analyses revealed a direct association between ACEs and dropout, as well as indirect effects through poor reading achievement and elevated externalizing problems. ACEs were associated with elevated internalizing problems, which were negatively associated with dropout. However, ACEs were not associated with peer influences. Implications of the identified mechanisms in the ACEs and school dropout association for future preventive interventions are discussed.
Sensory space of battered surimi rings: Key features determined by Flash Profiling
Authors: Tarrega A. , Rizo A. , Fiszman S.
Published: July 2017

The aim of this study was to define the sensory space of commercial battered surimi rings (including final fried and baked samples), evaluated by the Flash Profiling (FP) method, focusing on the coatings, and to relate their principal sensory characteristics to their instrumental texture and color parameter values and to their final fat and moisture content. The instrumental texture of the coatings after cooking, the external color of the final cooked coatings, and the moisture and fat contents of the coatings before and after final cooking were also determined. The results showed that the sensory characteristics of the samples varied greatly, and that texture and color were the attributes most often mentioned by the participants to identify the differences between samples. Most of the texture characteristics of the coatings were explained by their mechanical behavior; and the sensations of fattiness and dryness, and other textural attributes, were related to differences in final moisture and fat content. In general, the pre‐cooking step and the composition of the coating were more important than the final cooking method for their sensory characteristics. FP proved to be a useful approach for obtaining the key features of hot served, complex foods such as battered surimi rings.

Practical applications

Selecting frying or baking does not decide the sensory characteristics of commercial battered food products. The ingredients and, notably, the final fat and moisture contents are decisive factors affecting the most important sensory features related to texture. Although color was also found to be important for the sensory appearance of the samples in the consumers’ mind, the differences observed between samples were not very large and their relation with sample composition is not straightforward.
Comparison of two minimally invasive techniques for liver biopsy collection in dogs
Authors: Fernandez N. , del‐Pozo J. , Shaw D. , Marques A. I. C.
Published: July 2017

Objectives

High‐quality biopsy is an essential factor for the successful diagnosis of canine liver disease. The aim of this study was to compare various aspects of biopsies obtained by two different techniques: pretied ligating loop and cup biopsy forceps.

Materials and Methods

Fifteen client‐owned dogs underwent laparoscopic liver biopsies for diagnosis of liver disease. Biopsies were obtained from the same liver lobe using a pre‐tied ligating loop and cup biopsy forceps. Biopsy weight, volume, histological value and surgical time were compared between the two techniques. Surgical complications were recorded.

Results

Samples obtained with the pre‐tied ligating loop were significantly heavier and larger in volume than those obtained with cup biopsy forceps. Samples obtained with the ligating loop contained significantly more portal tracts and less crush and fragmentation artefacts. The time required to obtain a liver biopsy with the pre‐tied ligating loop was approximately double that of the cup biopsy forceps technique.

Clinical Significance

The use of a pre‐tied ligating loop is a good alternative to the cup biopsy forceps technique when acquiring laparoscopic liver biopsies in dogs.
The topic of subjectivity in psychology: Contradictions, paths and new alternatives
Authors: González Rey Fernando
Published: July 2017

This paper draws a picture of how topics related to subjectivity have appeared in different psychological theories, such as psychoanalysis, Gestalt and post‐structuralist approaches, discussing in depth a specific proposition from a cultural‐historical standpoint. I argue that, in most of these theories, subjectivity has been used to refer to specific processes and phenomena without advancing a more general theory about it. The way in which subjectivity was treated within the Cartesian/Enlightenment tradition, taken together with the individualistic tradition of psychology, led critical psychological theories to reject the concept. In this way, such critical theories have omitted the heuristic value of subjectivity to study processes that can neither be exhausted by language, nor by discourse. A new proposal of subjectivity is highlighted, based on the cultural‐historical tradition in psychology. From this perspective, subjectivity is defined by units of emotions and symbolical processes generated throughout human experience. On the basis of such definition, I discuss how institutionalized orders can be subverted by subjective productions that represent new social pathways. Far from being a remnant of Modernity, in this way subjectivity is defined as a human production, capable of transcending the apparent objective limits of human existence.
Dendrophobia in Bonobo Comprehension of Spoken English
Authors: Truswell Robert
Published: July 2017

Data from a study by Savage‐Rumbaugh and colleagues on comprehension of spoken English requests by a bonobo (Kanzi) and a human infant (Alia) supports Fitch's hypothesis that humans exhibitdendrophilia, or a propensity to manipulate tree structures, to a greater extent than other species. However, findings from language acquisition suggest that human infants do not show an initial preference for certain hierarchical syntactic structures. Infants are slow to acquire and generalize the structures in question, but they can eventually do so. Kanzi, in contrast, isdendrophobic: even though his non‐hierarchical strategy impairs comprehension, he never acquires the hierarchical structure.
Kin state non‐interventionism: Albania and regional stability in the Western Balkans
Authors: Gjevori Elvin
Published: July 2017

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of Albanian regional policy from 1992 to 2013. Situated in a conflict‐ridden region and surrounded by co‐ethnics living in Kosovo, Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia, Albania has successfully resisted pressure to undertake interventionist regional policies. However, there are no structured accounts as to how Albania fashioned its non‐interventionist regional policy. This article fills this gap and retraces the development of Albanian regional policy as a function of its inter‐mingled domestic politics and regional and international dynamics. The article concludes that the Albanian regional approach has been shaped by its legacy of communist isolation, pro‐Western predisposition and recognition that accommodation of Western interests would overcome its constraints and advance the rights of Albanians living in the Western Balkans. The analysis is important not just for understanding Albania's actions but also for disentangling the relationship between regional policy, nationalism and a kin state's domestic and international constraints.
Impacts of hydraulic redistribution on grass–tree competition vs facilitation in a semi‐arid savanna
Authors: Barron‐Gafford Greg A. , Sanchez‐Cañete Enrique P. , Minor Rebecca L. , Hendryx Sean M. , Lee Esther , Sutter Leland F. , Tran Newton , Parra Elizabeth , Colella Tony , Murphy Patrick C. , Hamerlynck Erik P. , Kumar Praveen , Scott Russell L.
Published: July 2017

A long‐standing ambition in ecosystem science has been to understand the relationship between ecosystem community composition, structure and function. Differential water use and hydraulic redistribution have been proposed as one mechanism that might allow for the coexistence of overstory woody plants and understory grasses.

Here, we investigated how patterns of hydraulic redistribution influence overstory and understory ecophysiological function and how patterns vary across timescales of an individual precipitation event to an entire growing season. To this end, we linked measures of sap flux within lateral and tap roots, leaf‐level photosynthesis, ecosystem‐level carbon exchange and soil carbon dioxide efflux with local meteorology data.

The hydraulic redistribution regime was characterized predominantly by hydraulic descent relative to hydraulic lift. We found only a competitive interaction between the overstory and understory, regardless of temporal time scale. Overstory trees used nearly all water lifted by the taproot to meet their own transpirational needs.

Our work suggests that alleviating water stress is not the reason we find grasses growing in the understory of woody plants; rather, other stresses, such as excessive light and temperature, are being ameliorated. As such, both the two‐layer model and stress gradient hypothesis need to be refined to account for this coexistence in drylands.
Frost hardening and dehardening potential in temperate trees from winter to budburst
Authors: Vitra Amarante , Lenz Armando , Vitasse Yann
Published: July 2017

We investigated how deciduous trees can adjust their freezing resistance in response to temperature during the progress of the ecodormancy phase, from midwinter to budburst.

We regularly sampled twigs of four different temperate deciduous tree species from January to the leaf‐out date. Using computer‐controlled freezers and climate chambers, the freezing resistance of buds was measured directly after sampling and also after the application of artificial hardening and dehardening treatments, simulating cold and warm spells. The thermal time to budburst in forcing conditions (c. 20°C) was also quantified at each sampling as a proxy for dormancy depth.

Earlier flushing species showed higher freezing resistance than late flushing species at either similar bud development stage or similar dormancy depth. Overall, freezing resistance and its hardening and dehardening potential dramatically decreased during the progress of ecodormancy and became almost nil during budburst.

Our results suggest that extreme cold events in winter are not critical for trees, as freezing resistance can be largely enhanced during this period. By contrast, the timing of budburst is a critical component of tree fitness. Our results provide quantitative values of the freezing resistance dynamics during ecodormancy, particularly valuable in process‐based species distribution models.
Identification of methylated GnTI‐dependent N‐glycans in Botryococcus brauni
Authors: Schulze Stefan , Urzica Eugen , Reijnders Maarten J. M. F. , van de Geest Henri , Warris Sven , Bakker Linda V. , Fufezan Christian , Martins dos Santos Vitor A. P. , Schaap Peter J. , Peters Sander A. , Hippler Michael
Published: July 2017

In contrast to mammals and vascular plants, microalgae show a high diversity in the N‐glycan structures of complex N‐glycoproteins. Although homologues for β1,2‐N‐acetylglucosaminyltransferase I (GnTI), a key enzyme in the formation of complex N‐glycans, have been identified in several algal species, GnTI‐dependent N‐glycans have not been detected so far.

We have performed an N‐glycoproteomic analysis of the hydrocarbon oils accumulating green microalgae Botryococcus braunii. Thereby, the analysis of intact N‐glycopeptides allowed the determination of N‐glycan compositions. Furthermore, insights into the role of N‐glycosylation in B. braunii were gained from functional annotation of the identified N‐glycoproteins.

In total, 517 unique N‐glycosylated peptides have been identified, including intact N‐glycopeptides that harbored N‐acetylhexosamine (HexNAc) at the nonreducing end. Surprisingly, these GnTI‐dependent N‐glycans were also found to be modified with (di)methylated hexose.

The identification of GnTI‐dependent N‐glycans in combination with N‐glycan methylation in B. braunii revealed an uncommon type of N‐glycan processing in this microalgae.
Anatomic variations of neck vessels and the course of pediatric internal jugular veins
Authors: Yuan Kai‐Ming , Liu En‐Ci , Li Ping , Shangguan Wang‐Ning , Li Jun , Lian Qing‐Quan
Published: July 2017

Background

Landmark‐guided internal jugular vein cannulation is difficult for pediatric patients but useful, especially when ultrasound equipment is unavailable. Therefore, it is important to define the adjacent anatomic characteristics of the pediatric internal jugular vein.

Methods

In 210 children the course of the internal jugular vein, and common carotid and vertebral arteries was measured from the level of the cricoid cartilage to the supraclavicular area using ultrasound.

Results

From the level of the cricoid cartilage to the supraclavicular area, vessel diameter increased with internal jugular vein increasing by 12%, and common carotid and vertebral arteries increasing by 5% each. From the level of the cricoid cartilage to the supraclavicular area, the number of patients with a medial common carotid artery position relative to the internal jugular vein increased, whereas those with a lateral position decreased; the number of patients with nonoverlapped common carotid artery‐internal jugular vein increased, and those with totally overlapped decreased. In contrast, the overlapping status of vertebral artery‐internal jugular vein changes oppositely. More than 97.14% of the vertebral artery lies lateral to the internal jugular vein at these levels. The minimal vertebral artery‐internal jugular vein depth decreased from 0.46±0.20 to 0.37±0.19 cm. The angle from the internal jugular vein line to the horizontal line of the body was 83.35±9.04 degrees.

Conclusion

The common carotid artery and internal jugular vein are farther apart as one moves down the neck, whereas the vertebral artery and internal jugular vein are getting together. Additionally, the diameter of the internal jugular vein increased.
Does prolonged grief treatment foster posttraumatic growth? Secondary results from a treatment study with long‐term follow‐up and mediation analysis
Authors: Bartl Helga , Hagl Maria , Kotoučová Michaela , Pfoh Gabriele , Rosner Rita
Published: July 2017

Objectives

Prolonged grief disorder (PGD) is a persistent and disabling kind of grief reaction that can be treated effectively with psychotherapeutic interventions. There has been limited investigation of whether these interventions can also enhance positive outcomes of bereavement, such as posttraumatic growth or benefit finding.

Design

As part of secondary analyses in a randomized controlled trial evaluating integrative cognitive‐behavioural therapy for PGD (PG‐CBT), the posttraumatic growth trajectories in 51 outpatients with clinically relevant prolonged grief symptoms were followed up from baseline up to 1.5 years.

Methods

Immediate treatment effects on posttraumatic growth in comparison with a waiting list control group were evaluated with univariate ANCOVA. Using mediation analysis, we examined the relation between symptom reduction and the short‐term treatment effect on posttraumatic growth. For evaluating long‐term outcome stability, the immediately treated group and the delayed treatment group were pooled.

Results

PG‐CBT significantly fostered growth in patients suffering from PGD, with a controlled medium effect size of Cohen's d = 0.60 (completer analysis). This effect remained stable up to the 1.5‐year follow‐up. Grief symptom reduction mediated short‐term treatment effects on posttraumatic growth. However, growth also partially mediated treatment effects on prolonged grief symptoms.

Conclusions

Taken together, PG‐CBT was effective in enhancing the participants’ perception of posttraumatic growth, but the definite interaction between symptom reduction and posttraumatic growth remains unclear, as both seemed to influence each other's trajectory in the course of treatment.

Practitioner points

Integrative CBT for prolonged grief disorder also fostered posttraumatic growth.

Post‐treatment and 1.5‐year follow‐up effect sizes for posttraumatic growth were moderate.

Whether growth‐enhancing techniques are useful in grief treatment needs further research.
The completely additive effects of two barley phenology‐related genes (eps2S and sdw1) are explained by specific effects at different periods within the crop growth cycle
Authors: Castro Ariel Julio , Cuesta‐Marcos Alfonso , Hayes Patrick M. , Locatelli Andrés , Macaulay Malcom , Mastandrea Nicolás , Silveira Maia , Thomas William T. B. , Viega Luis
Published: July 2017

We used the ‘Baronesse’/‘Full Pint’ doubled haploid population to analyse the genetic factors controlling flowering date under South American conditions. Both parents have similar heading dates, but the population shows transgressive segregation. Two genes, eps2S on chromosome 2H and sdw1 on chromosome 3H, explained most of the phenotypic variation for anthesis date, with the later allele carried by ‘Baronesse’ and ‘Full Pint’ , respectively. Both effects were completely additive with no interaction. We studied three plant developmental periods: seedling emergence to tillering (Z10–Z20), tillering (Z20–Z30) and end of tillering to anthesis (Z30–Z49) under field conditions at three contrasting planting dates. Z10–Z20 was also measured under semi‐controlled conditions. eps2S controlled Z30–Z49 periods, while sdw1 controlled Z20–Z30. Each of the two genes for the end‐point phenotype—anthesis date—was a determinant of flowering at a different developmental stage. No gene x planting date interactions were detected.
Predicting adaptation to parenthood: The role of responsiveness, gratitude, and trust
Authors: TER KUILE HAGAR , KLUWER ESTHER S. , FINKENAUER CATRIN , VAN DER LIPPE TANJA
Published: July 2017

The influence of positive relationship processes, specifically perceived responsiveness, felt gratitude, and felt trust, on perceived adaptation to parenthood was investigated. It was hypothesized that both higher initial levels prior to pregnancy as well as increases over time in perceived responsiveness, felt gratitude, and felt trust predicted better adaptation to parenthood. Data from a five‐wave longitudinal study of 109 newlyweds who became parents during the course of the study were used. Results showed that baseline positive relationship processes before pregnancy positively predicted adaptation to parenthood up to 4 years later. Changes over time were even stronger predictors of adaptation. Positive relationship processes may buffer against stressors during challenging life transitions, improving one's own adaptation as well the adaptation of one's partner.
Living donor liver transplantation for neonatal fulminant hepatitis due to herpes simplex virus infection
Authors: Vincenzi Rodrigo , Fonseca Eduardo A. , Roda Karina M. O. , Porta Gilda , Candido Helry L. , Benavides Marcel R. , Leite Katia R. M. , Afonso Rogerio C. , Turine‐Neto Plinio , Ribeiro Cristiane M. F. , Chapchap Paulo , Seda‐Neto João
Published: July 2017

Although rare, ALF caused by disseminated HSV infection is associated with high mortality in the neonatal population. This condition is often diagnosed relatively late due to the absence of specific signs. We present a case involving a neonate with ALF submitted to living donor liver transplantation without a prior diagnosis. The patient had no skin or mucosal lesions, and IgM serology was negative for HSV‐1 and HSV‐2. Immunohistochemical staining of the liver explant was positive for herpes virus infection, and the patient subsequently received antiviral drug treatment, with a good outcome. Due to organ shortages and the rarity of the aforementioned condition, LT has seldom been reported for the treatment of ALF caused by herpes virus infection; however, LT may be the only option for neonates with fulminant hepatitis. The use of living donors in an urgent scenario is well established in Eastern countries and safely applicable for pediatric patients with ALF.
Role of environmental pollution in prevalence of antibiotic resistant bacteria in aquatic environment of river: case of Musi river, South India
Authors: Gothwal Ritu , Thatikonda Shashidhar
Published: July 2017

Antibiotic resistance in clinical settings has been studied from last few decades but the possibility of development of antibiotic resistance at polluted environmental sites is also of concern. In developing countries, the major source of antibiotic contamination in surface water is improper disposal of effluents from industries, hospitals and domestic waste water treatment plants. The antibiotic pollution combined with other environmental pollution factors exerts selective pressure on environmental microbes, driving evolution and resulting in the spread of antibiotic resistance in a local to global scale. Present study aimed to determine the proliferation of ciprofloxacin resistant bacteria in aquatic environment of a river which is heavily impacted by industrial effluents. Correlation analyses were performed to evaluate the impact of anthropogenic factors. Statistical analysis evaluated the effect of fluoroquinolones, heavy metals, total organic carbon and total nitrogen on the levels of resistant culture in samples from the natural settings.
Cutting the Gordian Knot: Phylogenetic and ecological diversification of the Mesalina brevirostris species complex (Squamata, Lacertidae)
Authors: Šmíd Jiří , Moravec Jiří , Gvoždík Václav , Štundl Jan , Frynta Daniel , Lymberakis Petros , Kapli Paschalia , Wilms Thomas , Schmitz Andreas , Shobrak Mohammed , Yousefkhani Saeed Hosseinian , Rastegar‐Pouyani Eskandar , Castilla Aurora M. , Els Johannes , Mayer Werner
Published: July 2017

Mesalina are small lacertid lizards occurring in the Saharo‐Sindian deserts from North Africa to the east of the Iranian plateau. Earlier phylogenetic studies indicated that there are several species complexes within the genus and that thorough taxonomic revisions are needed. In this study, we aim at resolving the phylogeny and taxonomy of the M. brevirostris species complex distributed from the Middle East to the Arabian/Persian Gulf region and Pakistan. We sequenced three mitochondrial and three nuclear gene fragments, and in combination with species delimitation and species‐tree estimation, we infer a time‐calibrated phylogeny of the complex. The results of the genetic analyses support the presence of four clearly delimited species in the complex that diverged approximately between the middle Pliocene and the Pliocene/Pleistocene boundary. Species distribution models of the four species show that the areas of suitable habitat are geographically well delineated and nearly allopatric, and that most of the species have rather divergent environmental niches. Morphological characters also confirm the differences between the species, although sometimes minute. As a result of all these lines of evidence, we revise the taxonomy of the Mesalina brevirostris species complex. We designate a lectotype for Mesalina brevirostris Blanford, 1874; resurrect the available name Eremias bernoullii Schenkel, 1901 from the synonymy of M. brevirostris; elevate M. brevirostris microlepis (Angel, 1936) to species status; and describe Mesalina saudiarabica, a new species from Saudi Arabia.
Combined Extrusion-Forging: Simulation, Experimental and Microscopic Investigation of Axisymmetric Single Collar Collet Chuck Holder
Authors: Potnuru Srikar , Sahoo Susanta K. , Sahoo Santosh K.
Published: July 2017

Combined Extrusion-Forging process is a renowned metal forming method which serves as a pathway for manufacturing components of complex design. In that context processing a component with better mechanical and metallurgical properties can be enhanced by severe plastic deformation which processes the fine-grained materials formation in the product. These fine-grained materials achieved by SPD makes the component with superior quality. The novelty of the concept is to validate the presence of fine-grained materials at lower ram displacement. This paper presents the estimated forming load, metal flow pattern and alike, using aluminum 1072 as billet material for manufacturing SCCCH, along with micro-structural validation by experimental die-punch setup and simulation using modelling software DEFORM3D. Numerical analysis was also performed to estimate the forming load and metal flow patterns. Good number of experiments has been carried out at various punch movements to find out forming load and metal flow pattern. Microscopic analyses have been performed to validate the data with the results obtained from the experimentation. It was found that the numerical data was well validated with the experimental results. Further, Micro-hardness analysis was also performed. As the component was manufactured on application of heavy loads, the residual stress was also found to check the load carrying capacity of the component.
Design and Development of Novel Lubricant Free Transmission System for Manual Bone Drilling Machine
Authors: Salehi Mehdi , Sternkopf David , Haas Ruediger , Schilling Eric
Published: July 2017

This paper describes design and development of novel lubricant free transmission system for manual bone drilling machine. In order to design the transmission system, applied forces and torques on the gears has to be achieved. In this regard, bone drilling forces and torques were detected, preforming experimental tests of the drilling operation by CNC milling machine. At this point, various drill diameters and machining parameters were considered. After achieving the bone drilling forces, they were utilized for gears design process. The design process including gear geometry, material and detailed design analysis were done according to German norm VDI 2736 - Part 3. In this context, the mating worm gears materials were selected out of stainless steel 316 and Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK), which can reduce weight, noise, moment of inertia, and necessity of lubrication, etc. In order to evaluate the gears performance, numerically and experimentally were performed. The static stress and deflection of the PEEK gear tooth were investigated numerically by finite element analysis. According to the numerical results, each tooth force carrying capacity (until yield stress) were estimated until 302 N. Surface temperature and wear rate for two types of PEEK gears were examined, experimentally, while applying two resistance torque values, 0.75 and 0.5 Nm, to the manufactured transmission system. The selected torques were three and five times bigger than drilling torque values, enabling us to simulate the bone drilling operation considering unexpected loaded in the extreme case, misuse, emergence situation, and degradation. The maximum temperatures of the tooth contour of the transmission system raised to 127 °C. According to the results, the maximum achieved PEEK gear life was 200 minutes for the Natural PEEK polymer at the 0.5 Nm torque.
Additive Manufacturing Thermo-Mechanical Processing Influence on Tensile Mechanical Behavior
Authors: Fergani Omar , Liang Steven , Elmansori Mohamed , Welo Torgeir
Published: July 2017

This study describes a new analysis framework for additive manufacturing. The concept of processes mechanics and thermo-mechanical processing are introduced to provide a physics-based understanding of the materials behavior and the state of residual stresses. A semi-Analytical approach based on the well-known moving heat source is used to predict temperature. Subsequently, the thermal stresses are calculated analytically thanks to Green’s functions. In order to demonstrate the influence of the process parameters on the mechanical properties, the tensile behavior and fracture morphology experiments on 316L are investigated experimentally. The obtained results are analyzed in the context of the predicted temperature and thermal stresses.
A Personalized Attribute Determination Process in a Cloud-Based Adaptable Product Configurator
Authors: Zheng Pai , Yu Shiqiang , Xu Xun
Published: July 2017

Product configurator, as an effective tool in mapping customer requirements with company’s existing product attributes, enables customers’ satisfaction and companies’ competitiveness in a cost-efficient way. However, with the tendency towards mass personalization, customers are not only just selecting from each company’s own options in a ‘configure-to-order’ model, but also more actively involved in the product development process to create their own individualized products in an ‘engineer-to-order’ model. Besides, the existing configurators generally apply the same matching procedures to all the customers in the same sequential way, which is tedious and time consuming, especially for the complicated product configuration. Aiming to solve these problems, this paper proposes a personalized product configuration process to determine design attributes in a cloud-based environment, which is based on two assumptions: 1) products need to be adaptable enough for configuration; 2) customers prefer to develop new designs from the existing products in a tangible or visualized way other than design from scratch. The proposed process is capable of handling personalized requirements by adding new modules or upgrading design attributes in the existing product family. An illustrative example shows its advantages in customer-centric product development process.