bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Power of Documentary Theatre to Promote Cross-National Understanding: Personal Impact of Performing With Their Voices Raised by Japanese and American Youth Actors
Authors: Liehr Patricia , Matsuda Yui , Ito Mio , Morris Kathryn , Nishimura Chie , Takahashi Ryutaro
Published: September 2020

Purpose:

The purpose of this article is to share descriptions of the personal impact for cross-national youth actors (Japanese, American) who performed With Their Voices Raised ( Voices), a documentary theater script that shares the stories of Pearl Harbor and Hiroshima survivors who lived through the bombings of December 7, 1941, and August 6, 1945, respectively.

Design/Methods:

This was a descriptive exploratory focus group study conducted immediately after student-actors from Funairi High School in Hiroshima ( n = 15) and Farrington High School in Oahu, Hawaii ( n = 8), performed Voices. Data were content analyzed by a cross-national research team to address the question “What was the personal impact of performing Voices for Japanese and American youth actors?”

Findings:

There were three themes that crossed national boundaries: sense of power of the message from real-life people, new cross-national awareness, and moving beyond familiar history to engage and learn. The fourth theme distinguished the youth groups: for Japanese youth, performing Voices inspired an awareness of their local focus; for American youth, it enlivened youth-to-youth engagement as a learning approach.

Conclusions:

Documentary theater script is a creative, holistic approach with the potential to bridge divisiveness and promote cross-national understanding.
Optimization of process parameters in magnetic field assisted powder mixed EDM of aluminium 6061 alloy
Authors: Rouniyar Arun Kumar , Shandilya Pragya
Published: September 2020

Magnetic field assisted powder mixed electrical discharge machining (MFAPM-EDM) is a variant of EDM process where magnetic field coupled with electric field is used with addition of fine powder in dielectric to improve the surface quality, machining rate and stability of the process. Aluminium 6061 alloy as workpiece was selected due to growing use in aviation, automotive, naval industries. In this present work, parametric study and optimization was carried out on MFAPM-EDM machined Aluminium 6061 alloy. In this study, process parameters such as discharge current (IP), spark duration (PON), pause duration (POFF), concentration of powder (CP) and magnetic field (MF) were considered to analyze the effect on material erosion rate (MER) and electrode wear rate (EWR). Box Behnken design approach based on response surface methodology (RSM) was utilized for performing the experiments. Quadratic model to predict the MER and EWR were developed using response surface methodology. Discharge current has most significant effect of 50.176% and 36.36% on MER and EWR, respectively among all others process parameters. Teacher-learning-based optimization (TLBO) was employed for determining the optimal process parameters for maximum MER and minimal EWR. The results obtained with TLBO was compared with well-known optimization methods such as genetic algorithm (GA) and desirability function of RSM. Minimum EWR (0.1021 mm3/min) and maximum MER (30.4687 mm3/min) obtained using TLBO algorithm for optimized process parameters was found to better as compared to GA and desirability function.
The service task of automotive troubleshooting process in collaborative environment using knowledge support approach
Authors: Liang Jeremy S
Published: September 2020

The automotive troubleshooting unfolds from the system phase to the multiple-domain phase. It is necessary that different field members, for example, system and domain engineers, cooperate tightly toward an integrated product service process. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to generate a knowledge management platform for the overall automotive troubleshooting service. Besides, general ontologies, automotive troubleshooting service ontology (ATSO), is also created as a helpful tool for the communication of heterogeneous systems. This proposed approach of automotive collaborative troubleshooting is explained with the corresponding meta-model. The main contribution of this research is to assure the traceability in both system and domain phases by structuring knowledge. Eventually, an application is illustrated in enhancing re-usability in the region of automotive braking system in collaborative environment.
Enhancing the Wisdom of the Crowd With Cognitive-Process Diversity: The Benefits of Aggregating Intuitive and Analytical Judgments
Authors: Keck Steffen , Tang Wenjie
Published: September 2020

Drawing on dual-process theory, we suggest that the benefits that arise from combining several quantitative individual judgments will be heightened when these judgments are based on different cognitive processes. We tested this hypothesis in three experimental studies in which participants provided estimates for the dates of different historical events (Study 1, N = 152), made probabilistic forecasts for the outcomes of soccer games (Study 2, N = 98), and estimated the weight of individuals on the basis of a photograph (Study 3, N = 3,695). For each of these tasks, participants were prompted to make judgments relying on an analytical process, on their intuition, or (in a control condition) on no specific instructions. Across all three studies, our results show that an aggregation of intuitive and analytical judgments provides more accurate estimates than any other aggregation procedure and that this advantage increases with the number of aggregated judgments.
Autonomous reconfiguration of homogeneous pivoting cube modular satellite by deep reinforcement learning
Authors: Song Qiliang , Ye Dong , Sun Zhaowei , Wang Bo
Published: September 2020

Modular satellite, which has the ability of self-repairing and accomplishing different tasks, draws more and more satellite designers’ attention recently. One of the trending topics is to design the algorithm of self-reconfigurable path planning, since searching a near-optimal path is an effective way to reduce electrical energy consumption and mechanical loss of satellites. A major thrust of this article is to examine a series of algorithms based on graph theory and deep reinforcement learning. We creatively propose the concept of link module and find the link module by calculating articulation points in the undirected connected graph of configuration. We propose a compressed algorithm of state transition and the deep reinforcement learning algorithms in the domain of self-reconfigurable modular satellites. The simulation results show the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed planning algorithms.
Empowered or Entangled: Agency and Choice in Women’s Employment in India
Authors: N. Neetha
Published: September 2020

In India, formation of NGO-aided self-help groups (SHGs) for production was seen as an important step to lift women out of economic marginalisation and, thus, for women’s empowerment. With changes in economic policies, challenges of wage employment for women were also assumed to have been addressed. In this context, this article, drawing from the history of empowerment discourse and its obsession with the economic aspect, examines women’s employment and its multiple dimensions The analysis provides insights into the gender-based inequalities in the labour market which are evident in the concentration of women workers in precariat, feminised jobs either under the control of the family or without any recognition or legal protection. The prevalence of regressive gendered ideologies in employment and in the division of housework raises critical questions about the understanding of the two critical pillars of empowerment, namely, choice and agency.
The Litigious Widow in South Asia: A Study in Paradoxes
Authors: Ganguly Rai
Published: September 2020

While widowhood in India is synonymous to destitution – economically and symbolically – the right of widows as primary heirs with equal property rights as men owes its advent to both colonial and postcolonial lawmaking. Feminist discourses have since found these laws lacking both in gender neutral conceptualisations, as well as fruitful implementation. Within the present market-driven economy where land is a primary productive resource, the idea of a widow as a legal actor to claim property is an anathema, especially in a rural, agrarian setting. Rarely, she becomes the individual who must address the law, given her identity is subsumed under the rubric of family and work, and imbued with the circumstance of ‘have-nots’ facing difficulty in ‘coming out ahead in litigation’ against their superiors. Even as ‘a field of one’s own’ promises sustainable livelihood, status and increased bargaining power for women, can the widow successfully activate the legal system and gain land as property? I will engage with this paradox from the viewpoint of the Bengali Hindu widow; taking into account parallel developments in the fate of widows in other South Asian countries, where widowhood acquires similar social meanings due to shared gendered norms. The aim is to compare, contrast and analyse the specificity that post-colonial law making in India, especially Bengal, has brought about in the widows’ position in the society.
Water for All (Har Ghar Jal): Rural Water Supply Services (RWSS) in India (2013–2018), Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Chaudhuri Sriroop , Roy Mimi , McDonald Louis M. , Emendack Yves
Published: September 2020

Sustainable delivery of drinking water of adequate quantity/quality sits at the core of rural development paradigms worldwide. The overarching goal of this study was to assess operational performance of rural water supply services (RWSS) in India to help authorities understand challenges/shortfalls vis-à-vis opportunities. Data on habitation-level coverage, aggregated by states between 2013 and 2018, were obtained from the National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP) database, against two water supply norms, namely, 40 lpcd and 55 lpcd (litres per capita per day). Results indicate that certain states are faring better (providing full coverage to over 90% habitations) while others are lagging (e.g., the north-eastern region, and Kerala and Karnataka in the South, for both norms). Several states yet fail to provide 55 lpcd to over half of their rural habitations. Overall, RWSS is marked by high spatial heterogeneity, inequality and recurrent slip-backs (decline in year-to-year habitation coverage) that thwart the basic motto of NRDWP— Har Ghar Jal (Water for All). Ground-level experience reveals a mismatch between theoretical systems’ output (40 lpcd and 55 lpcd) and on-site delivery, and highly intermittent services. Moreover, frequent scheme failure/abandonment adds to systems’ uncertainties and water users’ plight. A multitude of operational/organisational flaws, associated with government waterworks bodies, at different levels of systems’ hierarchy, limit RWSS operational performance. To that end, the concluding section argues for a demand-driven RWSS model (bottom-up systems’ governance) and highlights the core tenets of the same that call for integration of environmental, social, cultural, ethical and political perspectives in RWSS systems’ thinking/design.
Why Russians love the Olympic Games: How individual values and nationalism motivate attitudes towards the Olympics
Authors: Khaptsova Alyona , Fruchtmann Jakob
Published: September 2020

In modern Russia, the Olympic Games are associated with nationalism. However, an opportunity to experience nationalistic pride may not be the only reason for people to like the event. The philosophy of Olympism portrays sport as an instrument to promote universal solidarity and internationalism, which could also be at the centre of peoples’ preferences. Moreover, the longstanding sportive past of the USSR may have resulted in a perception of the event as something that is valued as a tradition. This study tests which of these facets dominate the perception of the Olympic Games among Russians. We operationalize the three facets through the conceptually relevant values of Power, Universalism, and Tradition and use a survey (N = 421) to test how values of people relate to their attitudes towards the Olympics. The results show that preferences based on nationalism, Olympism, and Tradition coexist and attract people with different value priorities.
On unearned privilege in clinical practice
Authors: Little John D
Published: September 2020

Objective:

To explore what it might mean to be a white psychiatrist working in a white culture.

Conclusions:

Inequalities and power imbalances are maintained by person-blaming and the invisibility of structural inequality. Opportunities to recognise the effects of being privileged and working within a medical culture that compounds such inequality may be squandered without curiosity and action.
A happiness magnet? Reviewing the evidence for repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in major depressive disorder
Authors: Pridmore William , Pridmore Saxby
Published: September 2020

Objectives:

First, to conduct a historical review of the evidence for repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for major depressive disorder and determine a clinical algorithm. Second, to identify opportunities for research.

Methods:

Literature searches were conducted of the MEDLINE database, UpToDate and the Australian National University Library SuperSearch from 1 January 2000 to 30 September 2019. The search terms used were ‘transcranial magnetic stimulation’, ‘major depressive disorder’ and ‘depression’.

Results:

There were 24 meta-analyses identified, demonstrating a clear clinical effect. Left high-frequency rTMS had the most evidence. Ideal clinical parameters and study design were explored.

Conclusion:

Use of rTMS for some patients with depression is justified. Open research questions include the comparative efficacy of right low-frequency and bilateral stimulation, the role of rTMS in medication-naïve patients, and maintenance of effect.
Drafting Pandemic Policy: Writing and Sudden Institutional Change
Authors: Workman Erin , Vandenberg Peter , Crozier Madeline
Published: September 2020

This article reports findings from an institutional ethnography of university stakeholders’ writing in the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic, illustrating the affordances of this methodology for professional and technical communication. Drawing on interview transcripts with faculty and administrators from across the university, the authors contextualize the role of writing in the iterative, collaborative, distributed writing processes by which the university transitioned from a traditional A–F grading scheme to a pass or fail option in just a few business days. They analyze these stakeholders’ experiences, discussing some effects of this accelerated timeline on policy development, writing processes, and uses of writing technologies within this new context of remote teaching and learning.
Factors Associated with Functional Capacity in CKD Patients
Authors: Gravina Emanuele Poliana Lawall , Pinheiro Bruno Valle , Jesus Luciana Angélica da Silva , Barros Fabrício Sciammarella , Lucinda Leda Marília Fonseca , Colugnati Fernando Antonio Basile , Segura-Ortí Eva , Reboredo Maycon Moura
Published: September 2020

To evaluate the factors associated with functional capacity in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). All patients were submitted to six-minute walk test (6MWT), 10-repetition sit-to-stand test (STS-10) and SF-36 health-related quality of life questionnaire (HRQoL). Patients with functional capacity ≥80% exhibited higher education level, family income, body mass index, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and lower age and STS-10 time. Multiple linear regression showed that gender, age, family income, chronic kidney disease stage, STS-10 time, and physical component summary of HRQoL were significantly associated with the 6MWT distance. Functional capacity was significantly associated with gender, age, family income, CKD stage, STS-10 time, and physical component of HRQoL. The progression of CKD has an impact on the decrease in functional capacity in these patients.
Prevalence and Predictor of Cervical Cancer Screening Service Uptake Among Women Aged 25 Years and Above in Sidama Zone, Southern Ethiopia, Using Health Belief Model
Authors: Gemeda Ermias Yunkura , Kare Belayneh Bekele , Negera Dereje Geleta , Bona Lalisa Gemechu , Derese Bedilu Deribe , Akale Netsanet Bogale , Kebede Kurabachew Mengistu , Koboto Dubale Dulla , Tekle Achamyelesh Gebretsadik
Published: September 2020

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer affecting women worldwide, and the second leading cancer in Ethiopia. Screening gives protective benefits associated with a reduction in the incidence of invasive cervical cancer and mortality. However, the level of cervical cancer screening uptake is not well document in the country. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and predictors of cervical cancer screening service uptake among women aged 25 years and above in Sidama zone, southern Ethiopia, 2019. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 838 women aged 25 and above years by using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Multi-stage sampling technique was employed to identify households with women age of 25 and above years who were residing in the selected kebele for more than 6 months. Descriptive and multivariable logistic regression done. P-value <0.05 was considered as significant and presented by adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% C.I. This study showed that among 838 women, only 17.8% (95%CI, 15.2%-20.5%) have undergone for cervical cancer screening. Being age of 35-39 (AOR = 5.2, 95% CI = 2.6-10.6), College and above Educational level (AOR = 3.8, 95% CI = 1.5-9.6), Ever had HIV test (AOR = 2.8, 95% CI = 1.82-4.4) and high perceived self-efficacy (AOR = 4.4, 95% CI = 1.527-12.84) were significant predictors for cervical cancer screening service uptake. The magnitude of cervical cancer screening uptake among women aged 25 years and above was lower than that of the recommended coverage of the target group by the national guideline. Age of women, educational status of women, ever had HIV test, and high perceived self-efficacy were important factors of cervical cancer screening service uptake. So it is very crucial improving cervical cancer screening uptake, through creating awareness and educating women, about the advantage of screening in early detection and management of cervical cancer screening utilization
#Plugging Into Hope
Authors: Fitzpatrick Esther
Published: September 2020

This is a critical autoethnography of my “plugging into hope” through engagement with the Massive_Micro project as I was, literally and simultaneously, plugging into my computer during the COVID-19 pandemic isolation. In this article, I demonstrate the art of #plugging into hope. Through drawing on a range of visual, poetic, and narrative data generated throughout this project, I write my story, creating an assemblage of plugging in moments with human and non-human. Adding to an ongoing conversation with art-making, writing, and my scholarly ghosts. Highlighting the significance of deliberately plugging into embodied intra-action with our world/s—connecting to hope.
Facilitating Sexual Assault Reporting on the College Campus: The Role of Procedural Justice in Bystander Decisions to Provide Police Referrals
Authors: Henry Tri Keah S. , Franklin Travis W. , Franklin Cortney A.
Published: September 2020

Using a randomly assigned 2 (victim race) × 2 (alcohol consumption) between-subjects factorial design, this study used surveys from a sample of 571 undergraduate students at a mid-sized, public university in the United States to determine the effect of procedural justice on police referral after reading a sexual assault disclosure vignette. Multivariate binary logistic regression models demonstrated that positive perceptions of procedural justice increased police referral following sexual assault disclosure. Victim alcohol consumption and rape myth acceptance decreased police referral. Victim race, victim alcohol consumption, and participant sex did not moderate the effect of procedural justice on police referral. Implications are discussed.
Neurotrophic tyrosine kinase inhibitors: A review of implications for patients, clinicians and healthcare services
Authors: Walker Andrew
Published: September 2020

Neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) inhibitors represent the latest advancement as a treatment option in targeted therapies for malignant disease. NTRK gene fusions involving NTRK1, 2 or 3 are implicated as genetics drivers for a number of tumour types which arise within adult and paedatric patients. NTRK inhibitors (Larotrectinib and Entrectinib) are effective agents which have demonstrated clinical benefit in the treatment of NTRK fusion positive solid tumours. Larotrectinib represents the first targeted agent to receive approval from international authorisation and commissioning bodies for the treatment of a specific genetic expression indiscriminate of the site from which the tumour has arisen. As such NTRK inhibitors could pave the way for international healthcare bodies to adopt a similar approach for future targeted therapies thereby altering the manner in which healthcare providers and patients are able to access and utilise innovative, targeted treatment options in future. The potential implications of this new approach are likely to impact upon several aspects of the traditional authorisation and commissioning pathways with potential changes to the design of clinical trials, the review and approval process by regulatory bodies and immunohistopathology services.
Cryotherapy for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: A systematic review
Authors: Bailey Andrea G , Brown Jamie N , Hammond Julia M
Published: September 2020

Objective

Chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is an adverse effect of certain chemotherapy agents that can result in dose reductions, permanent nerve damage, and chronic pain. Although pharmacological agents have been studied in this setting, there is no standard of care for the prevention of CIPN. Thus, the objective of this systematic review is to assess the efficacy and safety of cryotherapy for the prevention of CIPN.

Data sources

PubMed (1946 to February 2020) and Embase (1947 to February 2020) were utilized to conduct a literature search using the following search terms: antineoplastic agent(s), taxoid(s), or chemotherapy and neuralgia, peripheral nervous system diseases, peripheral neuropathy, or paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy and cryotherapy, cryotherapy device, hypothermia, low temperature procedures, or ice.

Data summary

A total of 11 studies were included in the final assessment. Results of this systematic review indicate that the efficacy of cryotherapy in preventing CIPN is conflicting. This may be due to studies utilizing differing cryotherapy administration methods, study design, and including only a small number of patients. All included studies utilized cryotherapy with taxane-based chemotherapy treatments and cooling gloves and socks was the most common method of administration. Overall, cryotherapy was well-tolerated and no serious adverse effects were noted.

Conclusions

Due to the absence of serious adverse effects, cryotherapy is a reasonable option to consider to prevent CIPN in patients receiving taxane-based chemotherapy. However, additional research is needed, including larger, better designed studies, to fully delineate the role of cryotherapy for CIPN.
Computation of brittle fracture propagation in strain gradient materials by the FEniCS library
Authors: Barchiesi E , Yang H , Tran CA , Placidi L , Müller WH
Published: September 2020

Strain gradient continuum damage modelling has been applied to quasistatic brittle fracture within an approach based on a maximum energy-release rate principle. The model was implemented numerically, making use of the FEniCS open-source library. The considered model introduces non-locality by taking into account the strain gradient in the deformation energy. This allows for stable computations of crack propagation in differently notched samples. The model can take wedges into account, so that fracture onset can occur at wedges. Owing to the absence of a damage gradient term in the dissipated energy, the normal part of the damage gradient is not constrained on boundaries. Thus, non-orthogonal and non-parallel intersections between cracks and boundaries can be observed.
Venous Waveform Analysis Correlates With Echocardiography in Detecting Hypovolemia in a Rat Hemorrhage Model
Authors: Lefevre Ryan J. , Balzer Claudius , Baudenbacher Franz J. , Riess Matthias L. , Hernandez Antonio , Eagle Susan S.
Published: September 2020

Background

Assessing intravascular hypovolemia due to hemorrhage remains a clinical challenge. Central venous pressure (CVP) remains a commonly used monitor in surgical and intensive care settings for evaluating blood loss, despite well-described pitfalls of static pressure measurements. The authors investigated an alternative to CVP, intravenous waveform analysis (IVA) as a method for detecting blood loss and examined its correlation with echocardiography.

Methods

Seven anesthetized, spontaneously breathing male Sprague Dawley rats with right internal jugular central venous and femoral arterial catheters underwent hemorrhage. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate, CVP, and IVA were assessed and recorded. Hemorrhage was performed until each rat had 25% estimated blood volume removed. IVA was obtained using fast Fourier transform and the amplitude of the fundamental frequency (f1) was measured. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed utilizing a parasternal short axis image of the left ventricle during hemorrhage. MAP, CVP, and IVA were compared with blood removed and correlated with left ventricular end diastolic area (LVEDA).

Results

All 7 rats underwent successful hemorrhage. MAP and f1 peak amplitude obtained by IVA showed significant changes with hemorrhage. MAP and f1 peak amplitude also significantly correlated with LVEDA during hemorrhage (R = 0.82 and 0.77, respectively). CVP did not significantly change with hemorrhage, and there was no significant correlation between CVP and LVEDA.

Conclusions

In this study, f1 peak amplitude obtained by IVA was superior to CVP for detecting acute, massive hemorrhage. In addition, f1 peak amplitude correlated well with LVEDA on echocardiography. Translated clinically, IVA might provide a viable alternative to CVP for detecting hemorrhage.
Massive Perivillous Fibrin Deposition Associated With Placental Syphilis: A Case Report
Authors: Taweevisit Mana , Thawornwong Nutchanok , Thorner Paul Scott
Published: September 2020

Massive perivillous fibrin deposition (MPFD) and the related entity of maternal floor infarction (MFI) are uncommon placental disorders of unknown etiology, associated with adverse obstetric outcome and a significant risk of recurrence. We describe a 19-year-old mother with untreated syphilis who delivered a male neonate with low birth weight, skin desquamation, and pneumonia. Placenta examination showed the expected changes for syphilis but unexpectedly, also showed MPFD. To our knowledge, this is the first report of MPFD associated with placental syphilis, thus expanding the list of etiologies that may be related to MPFD/MFI. It is postulated that the syphilis infection in our case led to a hypercoaguable state, eventually resulting in MPFD. In the right clinical setting, syphilis might be considered in the differential diagnosis when MPFD/MFI is observed on placental examination. The recurrence risk of MFPD/MFI associated with infections is believed to be lower than idiopathic cases and, by extrapolation, this lower risk should apply to syphilis as well.
A domain-specific language and matrix-free stencil code for investigating electronic properties of Dirac and topological materials
Authors: Pieper Andreas , Hager Georg , Fehske Holger
Published: September 2020

We introduce PVSC-DTM (Parallel Vectorized Stencil Code for Dirac and Topological Materials), a library and code generator based on a domain-specific language tailored to implement the specific stencil-like algorithms that can describe Dirac and topological materials such as graphene and topological insulators in a matrix-free way. The generated hybrid-parallel (MPI+OpenMP) code is fully vectorized using Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD) extensions. It is significantly faster than matrix-based approaches on the node level and performs in accordance with the roofline model. We demonstrate the chip-level performance and distributed-memory scalability of basic building blocks such as sparse matrix-(multiple-) vector multiplication on modern multicore CPUs. As an application example, we use the PVSC-DTM scheme to (i) explore the scattering of a Dirac wave on an array of gate-defined quantum dots, to (ii) calculate a bunch of interior eigenvalues for strong topological insulators, and to (iii) discuss the photoemission spectra of a disordered Weyl semimetal.
Tear film parameters before and after intracorneal ring segment implantation in keratoconic eyes
Authors: Vastardis Iraklis , Gatzioufas Zisis , McLintock Cameron , Kohlhaas Markus , Hamada Samer , Lake Damian , Elalfy Mohamed
Published: September 2020

Purpose:

To assess signs of dry eye syndrome in keratoconic eyes following intracorneal ring segment (ICRS) implantation.

Patient and methods:

Twenty eyes of 20 consecutive patients with keratoconus were assessed for tear film changes following ICRS implantation at 6 months postoperatively. Evaluated parameters included tear osmolarity, non-invasive tear breakup time test (NI-BUT test) and Schirmer test I and II before and after treatment.

Results:

No significant changes were found with respect to osmolarity, Schirmer I and II ( p = 0.9, p < 0.64, and p < 0.91, respectively). The NITUBT was significantly lower after surgery ( p = 0.04).

Conclusion:

Our results suggest that implantation of ICRS does not result in a significant change in tear film osmolarity, or tear film volume nor improves the tear film stability.
“The work of a leader is to carry the bones of the people”: exploring female-led articulation of Indigenous knowledge in an urban setting
Authors: Maracle Sylvia , Bergier Aleksandra , Anderson Kim , Neepin Ryan
Published: September 2020

Although the activism and historic contributions of Indigenous female leaders to urban Indigenous community development across Turtle Island are recognized, there remains a dearth in the literature regarding the specific mechanisms that enabled Indigenous women to successfully articulate cultural knowledge and inform their management styles by traditional ways. The article explores some of the contributions of female leadership to the governance and program design of a large, culture-based urban Indigenous non-governmental organization in Canada—the Ontario Federation of Indigenous Friendship Centres (OFIFC). We examine how the OFIFC’s Executive Director Sylvia Maracle (Skonaganleh:ra) has applied leadership principles grounded in Indigenous knowledge of her paternal grandmother and a Mohawk matriarch—Mary Ellen Maracle—to address specific challenges in urban Indigenous governance. We argue that the female-led articulation of Indigenous knowledge in organizational operations contributed to creating a community of service that respects distinct expressions of cultural and gender identity.
Impact of Climate Change and Adaptation Measures on Transhumance Herding System in Gatlang, Rasuwa
Authors: Rayamajhi Nikita , Manandhar Bikram
Published: September 2020

Climate change impact is global and Nepal is no exception, posing vulnerability for different communities and regions. Transhumance herding is the culture and identity of indigenous settlement in Himalayan region where herders follow vertical transhumance herding as a part of subsistence mixed agriculture system for their livelihood. It differs from nomadism in terms of its periodicity, regularity, and mobility. This study confers the impacts of climate change and adaptation on transhumance herders in Gatlang of Rasuwa District. Focus Group Discussion, Key Informant Interview, and Questionnaire survey were carried out covering herder’s perception toward climatic variability, changes in the biophysical indicator, its impact and adaptation strategies. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, weighted mean, and Index of Usefulness of Practice for Adaptation (IUPA) tools. This study showed increase in mean average temperature (0.0202°C), increase in monsoon precipitation (2.1 mm) and decrease in winter precipitation (0.5 mm). Seasonal movement of livestock was mainly guided for adjusting temperature. The observed changes in biophysical indicator were diverse with shrinking grazing lands as most agreed statements followed by low crop productivity and faster melting of snow in rangeland. Herders perceived different adaptation strategies where reserving some grazing areas scored highest IUPA ranking followed by seasonal movement, storage of grass/hay, and so on. Though transhumance itself is one of the adaptation strategy against climate change people were not aware about changing monsoon precipitation and following same seasonal calendar as before which have affected livestock. These observations suggested that herders were unaware of the underlying cause and its impacts on the system which needed to be monitored scientifically.
Super Size Me: Accounting for Television Advertising in the Public Discourse on Obesity
Authors: Sinclair John , Wilken Rowan
Published: September 2020

For some time, advertising has been the object of much public debate about eating disorders, such as concerns about its role in fostering body image. More recently, attention has turned towards the degree to which advertising is implicated in what has become a bona fide public health issue in the developed countries, namely obesity — especially amongst children. This is both a local issue, in that it has mobilised concerned parents’ groups in the community, and a global one, in that it raises questions about fast food practices and the commercialisation of food in general within global culture. While corporations have pursued ever more intricate ways to penetrate their target markets, they also have had to respond concretely to public concerns. This paper outlines the dimensions of the debate about the social and cultural impacts attributed to advertising in the public discourse about obesity, identifying the various positions, and seeks to assess the mode and degree to which advertising plausibly can be held responsible.
The New Media Geography of Global and Local Production Networks
Authors: Baltruschat Doris
Published: September 2020

This article highlights the networked collaborations, across non-traditional lines, between producers, broadcasters, digital content developers and telecommunications providers for the development of content across multiple platforms. Through using global production technologies such as co-production and formatting, they are able to localise program narratives with the participation of audiences, online communities, and media events — all of which increase the value of the overall program package for the international market.
Hong Kong: Changing Geographies of a Media Capital
Authors: May Anthony , Ma XiaoLu
Published: September 2020

Thanks to its stunning entry into the ranks of world cinema in the 1970s, the history of the Hong Kong film industry up to 1997 is relatively well known. However, the coincidence of the Asian economic recession and the city's reintegration into the People's Republic of China (PRC) has worked to obscure recent developments. This article analyses contemporary Hong Kong cinema and its relations with the government of the mainland. We argue that the economic, cultural and geopolitical location of the city is contributing to developments that will allow the art cinema of the People's Republic of China to engage in international, Hollywood-dominated markets. Matters to do with production investment, censorship and film exhibition business are analysed in terms of the development of and revisions to the Closer Economic Partnership arrangement that now governs trade between the PRC and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR).
An Australian Wireless Commons?
Authors: Goggin Gerard
Published: September 2020

In this paper, I reflect upon the Australian experience of wireless technologies and cultures, especially focusing on Wi-Fi, WiMax and broadband wireless. It is arguable that the development of these new wireless technologies has taken quite different forms in Australia than it has done in other countries. To approach this question, I consider the concept of a wireless commons and what it signifies, and look at how it could serve to open up Australian debates.
Talking over Water: History, Wireless and the Telephone
Authors: Given Jock
Published: September 2020

For a third of the twentieth century, the only way Antipodeans could talk with people on the other side of the world was by wireless. The submarine cables that traversed the oceans from the 1860s carried messages in Morse code, ‘telegraphy’, but not voice. From 30 April 1930, the wireless telephone service made it possible to conduct a conversation in real time between England and Australia. This article explores the old era of international wireless telephony at a time when wireless is again transforming social and economic possibilities. It examines the economics and politics of the era, the man most closely identified with the Australian services, the technology employed and the way the service was used, identifying similarities and differences between this period and the present.
Enacting care amid power relations: The role of ‘veiled care’ in organisational life
Authors: Mumford Clare , Holman David , McCann Leo , Nagington Maurice , Dunn Laurie
Published: September 2020

Traditional understandings of care-giving assume care practices are clear to others and unambiguously altruistic, reflective of the selfless and humane bearing of care professionals. However, a range of organisational research has noted the complex and often contradictory ways in which enactments of care are interwoven into organisational relations of power and control. Through a narrative analysis of interview data, our paper focuses upon practices of inaction and concealment as ‘veiled’ care set within the power-laden complexities and contested meaning-making of organisational life. Our notion of veiled care extends debates about care as a social practice in everyday work relations in two ways. Firstly, it provides a greater focus on the less discernible aspects of care-giving which are significant but possibly overlooked in shaping subjectivities and meanings of care in work relations. Secondly, it develops the discussion of the situated ambiguities and tensions in enacting care that involves overcoming care-recipient resistance and an arguably less heroic but nonetheless important objective of non-maleficence, to avoid, minimise or repair damage.
Experimental and numerical investigations on cyclic behaviors of precast segmental bridge piers with the hybrid of high-strength bars and unbonded prestressing tendons
Authors: Tong Teng , Yuan Siqi , Zhuo Weiding , Liu Zhao
Published: September 2020

Precast segmental piers are gaining increasing attentions in low-medium seismic-risked regions. In this paper, cyclic behaviors of two precast segment piers reinforced with the hybrid of high-strength energy dissipation (“H” ED, ≥500 MPa) bars and unbonded tendons were experimentally investigated, accompanied with another two piers reinforced with merely “H” ED bars for the comparative study. It was observed that unbonded tendons benefitted the segmental piers in rising the lateral strength and mitigating the residual drift. On the other aspect, the tendons also made concrete prone to damage. Alongside, the finite element (FE) model is constructed for the four tested segmental piers, discritized with the displacement-controlled beam-colum element with a fiber section. With the bond-slip behavior of the “H” ED bars being incorporated, the numerical model accurately reflects the piers’ seismic behaviors.
Study on support characteristic curve of primary support structures in underground excavation considering bond-slip behavior
Authors: Lu Wei , Sun Huibin
Published: September 2020

Steel reinforced shotcrete lining (SRSL) support is the primary structure to maintain the stability and mobilize the self-bearing capacity of surrounding rock. However, the structural design of SRSL in underground excavation still relies on experience-based method and lack of quantitative mechanical analysis. This paper aims to propose a modified analytical model of support characteristic curve (SCC) that represents the mechanical behavior of SRSL structures in underground construction, through which the interface bond-slip behavior between steel arch and shotcrete layer is taken into consideration. Four-point bending test of SRSL composite beam was carried out to study the bearing mechanism and failure performance. Test results show that the shotcrete-steel interface is prone to slip failure which significantly reduces the overall strength of SRSL. The laboratory test is complemented by non-liner finite element parametric studies considering the bond-slip properties to clarify the design principles and to obtain the flexural stiffness of tunnel primary lining structures. Based on above studies, the simplified formulas for the SCC of SRSL is constructed. The research results provide a theoretical basis for the design and application of SRSL structure in related projects.
From archive cultures to ephemeral content, and back: Studying Instagram Stories with digital methods
Authors: Bainotti Lucia , Caliandro Alessandro , Gandini Alessandro
Published: September 2020

Despite growing interest, there is a shortage of research about the methods and challenges that concern researching ephemeral digital content. To fill this gap, the article discusses two research strategies to study Instagram Stories. These allow users to share moments of their everyday lives in a documentary and narrative style; their peculiar feature is ephemerality, as each Story lasts for 24 hours. The article (a) explores how to bypass the Instagram API closure and (b) engages in an attempt at ‘circumventing the object of study’, taking advantage of how individual users archive Instagram Stories on other platforms (here, YouTube). In so doing, we contribute to the debate that seeks to innovate and ‘repurpose’ digital methods in a post-API environment. Besides the methodological utility, we show the tension between ephemeral content and archive cultures, and raise epistemological and ethical concerns about the collection, analysis and archival of ephemeral content.
Modelling multiple outcomes in repeated measures studies: Comparing aesthetic eyelid surgery techniques
Authors: Bonat Wagner H. , Petterle Ricardo R. , Balbinot Priscilla , Mansur Alexandre , Graf Ruth
Published: September 2020

We propose a multivariate regression model to deal with multiple outcomes along with repeated measures in the context of longitudinal data analysis. Our model allows for flexible and interpretable modelling of the covariance structure within outcomes by using a linear combination of known matrices, while the generalized Kronecker product is employed to take into account the correlation between outcomes. We present maximum likelihood estimation along with extensions of the classical multivariate analysis of variance and multiple comparison hypothesis tests to deal with multivariate longitudinal data. The model and the associated multivariate hypothesis test are motivated by a prospective study conducted to compare three aesthetic eyelid surgery techniques, namely blepharoplasty, endoscopic forehead lift and endoscopic forehead lift associated with blepharoplasty. The effect of the techniques was assessed using measurements of a horizontal line through pupil centre and then three vertical lines, which go in direction to lateral canthus, middle pupil and medial canthus to the top of the brow. In this study, 30 female patients were randomly divided into three groups. Preoperative measurements were compared with postoperative measurements taken 30 days, 90 days and 10 years after the surgery. The presented multivariate model provided a better fit than its univariate counterpart. The results showed that the three surgery techniques tend to increase all considered outcomes in a long-term perspective, that is, from preoperative to 10 years postoperative evaluations. The only exception was for the outcome lateral eyebrow, for which the blepharoplasty had no significant effect.
Damage detection using wavelet entropy of acoustic emission waveforms in concrete under flexure
Authors: Burud Nitin , Kishen JM Chandra
Published: September 2020

This work dives into the spectral realm of acoustic emission waveforms. The acoustic emission waveforms carry a footprint of source, its mechanism, and the information of the medium through which it travels. The idiosyncrasies of these waveforms cannot be visualized from the time-domain parameters. The complex fracture process of the heterogeneous composite, such as concrete, reflects in the spectral disorder of acoustic emission signals. The use of wavelet entropy is proposed to estimate the spectral disorder. To evaluate wavelet entropy, the relative energy distribution in frequency sub-bands is determined using the wavelet transform. The Shannon entropy formulation as a wavelet entropy is utilized for discriminating spatiotemporally distributed acoustic emission events according to their respective level of disorder. The possible twofold application of the wavelet entropy as a signal discriminator and a damage index is qualitatively demonstrated. The increase in the statistical variance of wavelet entropy distribution with the increase in stress level reveals the presence of multi-sources as well as multi-mechanistic fracture process.
Coordinated Community Responses to Domestic Violence: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Johnson Laura , Stylianou Amanda M.
Published: September 2020

Coordinated community responses (CCRs) are a commonly used intervention in the field of domestic violence (DV), yet research findings on CCRs to DV have been inconsistent. The aim of this study was to examine the current state of CCRs to DV, with a specific focus on those responses that involve law enforcement officers as key players. A systematic review of 31 databases resulted in 18 peer-reviewed manuscripts for inclusion in this study. Manuscripts were included if they were written in English and published in 1999 or later; focused specifically on DV and criminal justice and/or community responses; research outcomes were specific to cases, victims, or offenders; the intervention was clearly described and evaluated using an experimental or quasi-experimental design; and was implemented in the United States. Findings suggest that there is a great deal of variability across CCR studies involving law enforcement officers with regard to (a) whether studies used the term “coordinated community response” to describe the intervention being evaluated, (b) the types of cases included, (c) the nature of the CCR being evaluated, (d) the outcomes that were examined, and (e) how these outcomes were operationalized. These variations make it difficult for scholars to draw broader conclusions about the effectiveness of CCR interventions. Future research should include the identification of core outcomes that can be used across studies to allow for comparison studies and meta-analyses. There is also a need for studies to focus on identifying which components of CCR interventions are most critical to producing positive outcomes.