bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How should the advent of large language models affect the practice of science?
Authors: Binz Marcel , Alaniz Stephan , Roskies Adina , Aczel Balazs , Bergstrom Carl , Allen Colin , Schad Daniel , Wulff Dirk U. , West Jevin , Zhang Qiong , Shiffrin Rich , Gershman Samuel J. , Popov Vencislav , Bender Emily M. , Marelli Marco , Botvinick Matthew M. , Akata Zeynep , Schulz Eric
Published: December 2023

Large language models (LLMs) are being increasingly incorporated into scientific workflows. However, we have yet to fully grasp the implications of this integration. How should the advent of large language models affect the practice of science? For this opinion piece, we have invited four diverse groups of scientists to reflect on this query, sharing their perspectives and engaging in debate. Schulz et al. make the argument that working with LLMs is not fundamentally different from working with human collaborators, while Bender et al. argue that LLMs are often misused and over-hyped, and that their limitations warrant a focus on more specialized, easily interpretable tools. Marelli et al. emphasize the importance of transparent attribution and responsible use of LLMs. Finally, Botvinick and Gershman advocate that humans should retain responsibility for determining the scientific roadmap. To facilitate the discussion, the four perspectives are complemented with a response from each group. By putting these different perspectives in conversation, we aim to bring attention to important considerations within the academic community regarding the adoption of LLMs and their impact on both current and future scientific practices.
Loot box content is associated with increased user engagement for YouTube gaming videos
Authors: Smith Elke , Poth Yannik , Sohns Kara Sophie Zoé , Kaspar Kai , Peters Jan
Published: December 2023

Video games frequently contain loot boxes, i.e. purchasable randomised virtual in-game items which share structural similarities with gambling. On YouTube©, there are multi-million subscriber video streams focusing on gaming, and many videos also prominently feature content related to loot boxes (e.g. box opening videos). We investigated whether user engagement for YouTube gameplay videos is related to the display of loot boxes, assuming that the gamblification of video games drives user engagement. Using web scraping, we collected various user engagement measures from selected YouTube gaming videos with and without focused display of loot boxes. The user engagement measures were subjected to dimensionality reduction via principal component analysis, and differences in user engagement for loot and non-loot box video content was examined. Confirming our hypothesis (see preregistration at https://osf.io/nh7zr), we found a significant positive effect of loot box content for the first component, reflecting higher active (i.e. commenting behaviour) and passive (i.e. views and likes) user engagement for loot box compared to non-loot box content. Higher user engagement for loot box video content may be linked to the gambling-like properties of loot boxes. Further, our analyses demonstrate that publicly available user data may serve as an early indicator of potential changes in problematic internet use and gambling behaviour.
Psychosis Superspectrum I: Nosology, Etiology, and Lifespan Development
Authors: Jonas Katherine , Cannon Tyrone D. , Docherty Anna , Reininghaus Ulrich , Kotov Roman
Published: December 2023

This review describes the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) model of psychosis-related psychopathology, the psychosis superspectrum. The HiTOP psychosis superspectrum was developed to address shortcomings of traditional diagnoses for psychotic disorders and related conditions including low reliability, arbitrary boundaries between psychopathology and normality, high symptom co-occurrence, and heterogeneity within diagnostic categories. The psychosis superspectrum is a transdiagnostic dimensional model comprising two spectra—psychoticism and detachment—which are in turn broken down into fourteen narrow components, and two auxiliary domains—cognition and functional impairment. The structure of the spectra and their components are shown to parallel the genetic structure of psychosis and related traits. Psychoticism and detachment have distinct patterns of association with urbanicity, migrant and ethnic minority status, childhood adversity, and cannabis use. The superspectrum also provides a useful model for describing the emergence and course of psychosis, as components of the superspectrum are relatively stable over time. Changes in psychoticism predict the onset of psychosis-related psychopathology, whereas changes in detachment and cognition define later course. Implications of the superspectrum for genetic, socio-environmental, and longitudinal research are discussed. A companion review focuses on neurobiology, treatment response, and clinical utility of the superspectrum, and future research directions.
Bidirectional Associations Between Smartphone Usage and Momentary Well-Being in Young Adults: Tackling Methodological Challenges by Combining Experience Sampling Methods with Passive Smartphone Data
Authors: Elmer Timon , Fernández Aurelio , Stadel Marie , Kas Martien , Langener Anna
Published: December 2023

Given the pervasive role of smartphones in modern life, research into their impact on well-being has flourished. This study addresses existing methodological shortcomings by using smartphone-log data and Experience Sampling Methods (ESM) to explore the bidirectional within-person relationship between smartphone usage and momentary well-being variables (i.e., affect valence, loneliness, positive affect, and negative affect). We further examine different categories of smartphone usage, namely communication, social media, and other apps. We analyze three samples (N1 = 225, N2 = 17, N3 = 13; with T1 = 7,874, T2 = 2,566, T3 = 1,533 ESM reports) with multilevel models to test our preregistered hypotheses. Data for Sample I were collected in Spain in 2022 (82% female; Mage = 23.1). Samples II and III (80% female; Mage = 21.6) were collected in the Netherlands between 2021-2022.Our results suggest that smartphone usage within an hour before ESM assessment, especially using social media apps, is associated with reduced affect valence and increased loneliness on a within-person level. Loneliness was associated with more smartphone usage than usual, particularly the use of social media apps, within the hour following ESM assessments. Yet, overall, our findings indicate weak bidirectional associations between smartphone usage and indicators of momentary well-being (range standardized β = .00 - .08). On the between-person level, those individuals generally high in loneliness were more affected in their momentary loneliness by prior social media use, suggesting a heightened social media sensitivity. The interplay between social media use and momentary loneliness should be studied in more detail, including contextual factors and experimental designs.
Kidney CT Scan Image Classification Using Modified Vision Transformer
Authors: Subedi Roshan , Timilsina Suresh , Adhikari Smita
Published: December 2023

With the rising number of kidney-related health issues, early and precise diagnosis is crucial. The study aims to create a reliable method for categorizing kidney CT scan images into four groups: Cyst, Normal, Tumor, and stone. Traditional approaches usually rely on typical Machine Learning (ML) and Convolution Neural Networks (CNNs). However, in this research, the potential of a novel model called Vision Transformer (ViT) is explored. ViT was initially designed for Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks but shows promise for medical image classification. ViT’s capabilities are enhanced by coupling it with Fully Connected Networks (FCN). This combination helps to merge the feature extraction capability of the ViT and the classification ability of the FCN, which ultimately helps to overcome the challenge of detecting kidney-related issues.
Emergence of Mandal System in Anantapur District
Authors: Nagabhushana B
Published: December 2023

The Mandal system, a pivotal administrative and political frame work in Andhra Pradesh has witnessed significant evolution since its inception.  It explores the emergence of Mandal system in the state of Andhra Pradesh, tracing its historical roots, social – political significance, and transformative impacts.  The Mandal system addressed the socio- economic disparities by implementing reservation system for historically disadvantaged communities.  Mandal system become a catalyst for social justice and empowerment.
Rising Concern: Gaming Addiction among Kids
Authors: Kamini
Published: December 2023

In recent years, the widespread popularity of video games has brought about a surge in concern surrounding gaming addiction, particularly among children. This paper explores the growing problem of gaming addiction among kids shedding light on the factors contributing to its rise and the potential consequences it bears. In an era where technology and entertainment are deeply integrated into daily life, understanding and addressing gaming addiction among kids has become a pressing public health matter, demanding collaborative efforts from healthcare professionals, educators, parents, and policymakers. This paper insights into the complexity of this issue, fostering a comprehensive understanding of the challenges and solutions surrounding gaming addiction among children.
Isotakeshima Oboegaki and Japan’s Confirmation of Dokdo as Korean Territory in the Late Seventeenth Century
Authors: Jo Kyu-hyun
Published: December 2023

The Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs officially claims that Japan had discovered Takeshima (Dokdo) since the seventeenth century, but this article argues that quite to the contrary, Isotakeshima Oboegaki, a primary source that confirms Japan’s recognition of Dokdo as Korean territory, clearly corrects this claim. Isotakeshima Oboegaki’s importance can be explained in three ways. First, Japan’s official position regarding Dokdo wrongly conflates different uses of “Takeshima” depending on historical context and ignores that it was because of a paucity of Japanese sources confirming Japanese ownership over Takeshima (Ulleungdo) and a comparative certainty from the Korean government, forcing a reluctant Bakufu to admit the deficit in historical evidence and order that Japanese fishermen cannot trespass into Ulleungdo. Second, Isotakeshima Oboegaki was not just a document of its time but a key primary source that the Meiji government invoked as undeniable evidence to officially declare in the Dajokan Directive that neither Dokdo nor Ulleungdo were under Japanese sovereignty due to a paucity of evidence. Finally, Isotakeshima Oboegaki terminates Japan’s logic regarding Dokdo because it contradicts the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs’ claim of “original discovery” regarding Dokdo and Ulleungdo and corrects the mistaken notion of terra nullius.
Peer support and psychedelics
Authors: Skiles Zachary , Dixon James R. , Friedrich Dan , Reed Donny , Stauffer Christopher S.
Published: December 2023

LAY SUMMARY

The new practices of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy and state-run psychedelic services need trained facilitators. This article aligns the role of peer support in both the psychedelic and the Veteran communities, displaying core competencies and current practices, while also highlighting further needs in training and supervision. Continued work with peer support in the legal facilitation of psychedelic experiences will deepen understanding of psychedelic peership (i.e., when someone with previous firsthand experience with psychedelics facilitates the psychedelic therapy session of another).
Role of intellectual property in the development of the state’s innovation potential
Authors: Kulchytskyi Viktor
Published: December 2023

The war poses serious challenges to the economy, national security, and development of the country as a whole, and innovation can be an important tool in overcoming these challenges. The research aims to study the impact of intellectual property on stimulating and promoting innovative development in the context of technological progress. The methods of scientific cognition used include analysis, synthesis, deduction, comparison, generalisation, and systematisation; a systematic approach was applied to create a comprehensive methodology for analysing the situation in the intellectual property market. The study investigates how intellectual property can stimulate scientific research, promote the development of new technologies, increase competitiveness within the state and contribute to economic growth. The study analyses the works of Ukrainian scientists that have a positive impact on the development of Ukraine’s innovation potential. The author presents an opinion on the need to develop and improve the protection of intellectual property rights, as this will facilitate the discovery of new technologies and the involvement of scientists in their development. The author discusses the issue of establishing the High Court of Intellectual Property and identifies the advantages and disadvantages that may arise with the introduction of such a body. The author substantiates the position on encouraging and conducting outreach to the public to involve scientists and specialists in the discovery and development of new technologies, and exchange of experience, and also emphasises the need for open educational and scientific events that will contribute to the development of Ukraine’s innovation potential. The author considers various methods of encouraging the population to discover new technologies and work in this direction, such as legal mechanisms that protect intellectual property rights holders from unfair competition, namely administrative and criminal liability. The practical value of the results obtained is that they reveal in detail the problematic issues of the innovation potential of the state, as well as identify areas for improvement and provide recommendations for the productive development of the digital state
KOLABORASI ANTAR AKTOR PADA PROGRAM PENDAFTARAN TANAH SISTEMATIS LENGKAP BERBASIS PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DI KANTOR PERTANAHAN KABUPATEN BARITO KUALA
Authors: Abrianto Nur
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini mengangkat tema tentang Kolaborasi Antar Aktor pada Program Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematis Lengkap berbasis Partisipasi Masyarakat (PTSL-PM) di Wilayah Kerja Kantor Pertanahan Kabupaten Barito Kuala. Tujuan penelitian pada penelitian ini adalah menjelaskan dan menganalisis kolaborasi antar aktor dalam pelaksanaan Program PTSL-PM di Kabupaten Barito Kuala. PTSL-PM diterapkan karena Program sebelumnya hanya bersifat satu arah (top down) yaitu dari pemerintah yang diwakili Kantor Pertanahan ke masyarakat (penerima layanan) tanpa melibatkan aktor - aktor potensial yang bisa dilibatkan didalamnya. Sedangkan kolaborasi PTSL-PM ini melibatkan interaksi beberapa aktor baik dari Kantor Pertanahan, pihak tiga (Swasta), dan pemerintah desa/masyarakat sebagai tim yang secara aktif mewujudkan program strategis nasional tersebut. Maka dari itu, terjadi penyempurnaan pada tahun 2018 dengan dikeluarkan nya Peraturan Menteri Agraria dan Tata Ruang/BPN Nomor 6 Tahun 2018 tentang Percepatan Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematis Lengkap, diikuti dengan Petunjuk Teknis Pelaksanaan PTSL Berbasis Partisipasi Masyarakat.Hasil penelitian pada penelitian ini adalah berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif dengan tiga teknik pengumpulan data yaitu wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa, program (PTSL-PM) di Wilayah Kerja Kantor Pertanahan Kabupaten Barito Kuala sudah cukup baik dan tercapai target nya, namun masih ada kendala-kendala yang harus dihadapi, dievaluasi dan diperbaiki. Hal tersebut dapat dilihat dari beberapa parameter Program PTSL-PM di Kabupaten Barito Kuala, yang mana ditemukan kurang aktifnya Tim Puldatan serta Pihak Swasta terdapat kekurang telitian dalam proses melengkapi berkas, sehingga terjadi beberapa kali revisi yang membuat hal ini membua waktu pelaksanaan yang terpotong bahkan menambah adendum kontrak.
Характеристика показників окисної модифікації білків та антиоксидантного захисту у дітей з атопічним дерматитом
Authors: Dutchak H. M.
Published: December 2023

Обстежено 120 дітей з атопічним дерматитом (АД) у віці від 1 до 18 років. У 60 дітей АД перебігав на фоні недиференційованої дисплазії сполучної тканини. Стан прооксидантної системи вивчали за вмістом у сироватці крові фракцій окисної модифікації білків (ОМБ), стан антиоксидантної системи – за вмістом ферментів супероксиддис-мутази, глутатіонредуктази та глутатіонпероксидази. Аналіз стану показників перекисного окислення білків показав дисбаланс в прооксидантній системі в усіх групах обстежених із зниженням рівня фракцій ОМБ-356, ОМБ-370 та збільшенням ОМБ-530 з поглибленням дисбалансу із зростанням тяжкості перебігу алергодерматозу. Відмічено вищу активність антиоксидантного захисту у дітей з АД порівняно із здоровими. Рівень ферментів змінювався залежно від тяжкості перебігу АД. У разі легкого перебігу у дітей спостерігалася активація антиоксидантної системи з тенденцією до її виснаження із збільшенням тяжкості перебігу АД. Недиференційована дисплазія сполучної тканини у дітей з АД суттєво не впливала на співвідношення в системі окисна модифікація білків/антиоксидантна система. Аналіз коефіцієнтів парної кореляції та системоутворення показав складність і різноспрямованість зв’язків між ферментами антиоксидантної системи та показниками ОМБ.
Geopolitics of Energy: Pakistan-China Energy and Economic Corridor for Poverty Alleviation in Pakistan
Authors: Raazia Izzat , Munir Kishwar , Rafique Imran
Published: December 2023

The growing energy partnership between China and Pakistan is one of the most promising avenues for reducing poverty in Pakistan. This China-Pakistan Energy Cooperation has a strong potential to address the energy crisis in Pakistan that is a high priority. Opportunities for energy cooperation, such as building power plants, transmission lines, and other infrastructure, have expanded due to this partnership. The collaboration in this arena has helped reduce poverty and boost economic growth in Pakistan by giving the country access to abundant and low-cost energy resources. This paper tries to explore China’s cooperation in building energy infrastructure in Pakistan and a paradigm shift towards renewable energy resources such as hydel, coal, solar, wind and nuclear will reduce its reliance on the Gulf States. The objective of this paper is to investigate China and Pakistan's energy cooperation after realizing its potential that can help reduce poverty in Pakistan. The discussion, analysis and findings indicate that energy security will reduce poverty and lead to economic prosperity in Pakistan.
İş sağlığı ve güvenliği uygulaması algısının örgütsel bağlılığa etkisi
Authors: TAŞCI Mahmut Oral , TUNÇBİLEK Mehmet Murat
Published: December 2023

İSG uygulamaları temelde işin sağlıklı, emniyetli ve daha hızlı yapılması için gerekli olan tüm detayların incelenip çalışanın minimum seviyede zarar, maksimum seviyede yararını elde edecek şekilde işin yeniden düzenlenmesidir. İSG uygulamalarının odağında çalışan olduğuna göre onun menfaatine olabilecek örgüt faaliyetlerinin örgütsel bağlılığı da artıracağı düşünülür. Araştırma bu ilişkinin varlığını ve nasıl oluştuğunu belirlemeye yöneliktir. Bu amaçla Çankırı Organize Sanayi bölgelerinde faaliyet gösteren tehlikeli ve çok tehlikeli sınıf işyerlerinde çalışanlar üzerinde yapılan bir araştırma tasarlanmıştır. Araştırma verileri nicel analiz tekniğine uygun olarak toplanmış ve analiz edilmiştir. İş sağlığı ve güvenliği uygulaması algısını ölçmek için Elmeri İSG denetim sorularından faydalanılarak 4 boyutlu (çalışma ortamı güvenliği, iş sağlığı ve güvenliği bilinci, acil durumlara hazır olma ve üretim proses güvenliği,) ölçek oluşturulmuştur. Örgütsel Bağlılık algısını ölçmek için Allen ve Meyer’in (1990: 1-18) geliştirmiş olduğu ölçekten faydalanılmıştır. Değişkenler arasındaki ilişki yapısal eşitlik modellemesi aracılığı ile belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucuna göre İSG uygulama algısının örgütsel bağlılığı açıklamada olumsuz ve anlamlı etkisinin olduğu; çok tehlikeli işyerlerinde çalışanların İSG uygulamaları algısının tehlikeli işyeri çalışanlarına oranla örgütsel bağlılığı daha fazla etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca İSG uygulamalarının çok tehlikeli sınıf işyerlerinde tehlikeli sınıf işyerlerine oranla duygusal bağlılığı daha fazla etkilediği; devam ve normatif bağlılığı eşit düzeyde etkilediği belirlenmiştir.
Türkçe dersi öğretim programı ile ilgili yapılan araştırmalarda eğilim: İçerik analizi
Authors: ALTUNKAYNAK Metin
Published: December 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı, ilkokul Türkçe dersi öğretim programıyla ilgili yapılan araştırmaların içerik analizini yaparak, yayımlanan araştırmaların eğilimini belirlemektir. Elde edilen veriler betimsel tarama modeli kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bu amaca uygun olarak, 2008-2022 yılları arasında yazılmış makale, bildiri, doktora ve lisansüstü tezlerinden yararlanılmıştır. Örneklemi oluşturan 45 araştırmadan elde edilen veriler, frekansa ve yüzdeye göre yorumlanarak şekil ve tablolarla gösterilmiştir. Araştırmaların içerik analizi yapılarak; yayın türü, yayınlanma tarihi, incelenen programın yılı, araştırmanın yöntemi, araştırmanın örneklemi, veri toplama şekli ve veri analizi ile programın ögelerinin dağılımı başlıkları altında toplam yedi değişken incelenmiştir. Bu kapsamda veri toplama formu hazırlanarak, toplam yedi araştırma sorusuna yönelik bulgular tartışılmıştır. Çalışmaların yarısından fazlası araştırma makalelerinin oluşturduğu görülmektedir. Elde edilen verilere göre, araştırmaların en fazla 2008 yılında yapıldığı görülmektedir. En fazla 2005 öğretim programı, en az 2017 öğretim programı ile çalışma yapıldığı görülmektedir. Beş adet çalışmada ise program yıllarının karşılaştırması yapılmıştır. Araştırmaların 30’unun nitel, 6’sının ise karma yöntem, 9’unun nicel araştırmaya uygun olarak yapıldığı görülmektedir. Araştırma desenleri incelendiğinde; 31 betimsel çalışma, 14 durum çalışması tercih edildiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmalarda en çok doküman inceleme ve görüşmelerden yararlanılmıştır. İncelenen çalışmaların çoğu sınıf öğretmenleriyle yapılmıştır. Bu araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre Türkçe dersi öğretim programının düzenlenmesi önerilmektedir.
Tarihsel miras ve Özbek kimliğinin Özbekistan dış politikasının oluşumuna etkisi
Authors: YILMAZ Kadir Kürşat , DURAN Hasan
Published: December 2023

Özbekistan dış politikasını etkileyen birçok faktörün ortaya konulması mümkün olsa da özellikle tarihsel miras ve Özbek kimliğinin oluşumunun üzerinde durulması gerekmektedir. Tarihsel miras bir milletin hafızası olarak gelecek planlarına yön vermektedir. Tarihsel süreçte yaşanmış olan zafer ve kahramanlıklara özlem duyulurken, yenilgi ve başarısızlıklardan ders alınmaktadır. Bu anlamda güçlü devlet yapısının varlığı Özbekistan’da mutlu ve güzel günleri hatırlatırken, güçlü devlet yapısının bozulduğu dönemler ise işgal ve yenilgileri hatırlatmaktadır.

1991 yılında SSCB’nin dağılmasıyla gerçekleşen bağımsızlık sonrası üzerinde durulan en önemli konulardan biri Özbek kimliğinin oluşturulmasıdır. Bu konu iç politika da olduğu gibi dış politikada da belirleyici bir role sahiptir. Özbek kimliğinin toprak esaslı ele alınması belirli problemlere neden olsa da özellikle komşu ülkelerde bulunan Özbeklerin dış politika aracı olarak kullanılmasının önlenmesi açısından olumludur. Özbekçenin yaygınlaştırılması politikaları ve bağımsız bir dış politika yürütme çabaları da Özbek kimliğinin oluşumuna katkı sağlamaktadır.

Tarihsel miras ve milli kimlik politikaları üzerinden Özbekistan dış politikasının değerlendirilmesi Özbekistan’ı daha anlaşılır kılacaktır. Dolayısı ile sadece dış politika kararları üzerinden değerlendirmeler yapmak yerine, etkili olan tarihsel miras ve milli kimlik oluşturma stratejisinin incelenmesi Özbek dış politikası hakkında daha isabetli analizler yapılmasını sağlayabilir.
Матеріали студентських наукових читань : зб. наук. праць. Вип. 11
Authors: Колоїз Ж. В.
Published: December 2023

У збірнику порушено актуальні проблеми сучасної філології та дидактики. Розглянуто традиційні й нетрадиційні підходи щодо осмислення тих чи тих, передовсім лінгвістичних і літературознавчих, явищ. Обґрунтовано потребу дослідження стилістичного аспекту і його роль у формуванні професійної майстерності фахівця в галузі освіти, у процесі підготовки майбутнього вчителя. Для здобувачів і викладачів закладів освіти різних типів.
TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES UNDER MARTIAL LAW: ECONOMIC RESISTANCE TO STRENGTHEN THE INDEPENDENCE OF UKRAINE
Authors: IEFIMOVA Ganna , PAVLOVA Mariia
Published: December 2023

The article examines the role of territorial communities of Ukraine in the conditions of martial law. The capabilities of territorial communities to ensure economic resistance and strengthen the country's independence are analyzed. Proposed ways to increase the effectiveness of territorial communities and their contribution to strengthening the economic and political stability of Ukraine.
Relationship between foot morphologic characteristic and postural control after jump-landing in youth competitive athletes
Authors: Maeda Noriaki , Tsutsumi Shogo , Arima Satoshi , Ikuta Yasunari , Ushio Kai , Komiya Makoto , Tashiro Tsubasa , Nishikawa Yuichi , Kobayashi Toshiki , Nakasa Tomoyuki , Adachi Nobuo , Urabe Yukio
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND: Foot arch dynamics play an important role in dynamic postural control. Association between foot arch dynamics and postural control among adolescent athletes remains poorly explored. OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between foot arch dynamics, intrinsic foot muscle (IFM) morphology, and toe flexor strength and dynamic postural stability after jump landing and repetitive rebound jump performance in competitive adolescent athletes. METHODS: Based on foot arch dynamics, evaluated from relative change in the foot arch height in sitting and standing positions, 50 adolescent athletes were classified as stiff, normal, or flexible. IFM morphology was evaluated by ultrasonography. Dynamic postural stability index (DPSI) was measured as participants jumped and landed with the right leg onto a force plate, whereas repetitive rebound jumping performance was assessed using the jump height and reactive jump index. RESULTS: The stiff group had a significantly worse DPSI and vertical stability index than the normal group (p= 0.26, p= 0.44, respectively), and worse anteroposterior stability index (APSI) values than the flexible group (p= 0.005). Multivariate regression models of the relationship between the APSI and foot arch dynamics showed adequate power (probability of error = 0.912). CONCLUSIONS: Increased foot arch stiffness negatively affects dynamic balance during jump-landing, which may deteriorate their performance.
Joint position sense error in the hip and knee without reference to the joint angle
Authors: Lim Wootaek
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND: Joint position reproduction measures the angle acuity of reference angle reproduction using an indicator angle. However, reference angles are often not available. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine joint position sense at three different targeted joint angles, which were estimated from the maximum range of motion (maxROM) without a reference angle at each targeted joint angle. METHODS: The maxROM was measured in straight leg raise (SLR) and active knee extension (AKE) positions. In both positions, a targeted joint angle at 75% of the maxROM was assessed first, followed by that at 50% and 25% of the maxROM. A one-sample t-test was used to analyze differences between the targeted and reproduced angles in both positions. RESULTS: All reproduced angles significantly differed from the targeted angle in both SLR and AKE positions except for the reproduced angle measured at 75% maxROM. Overall, position errors in the AKE position were higher than those in the SLR position. CONCLUSIONS: Estimating the angle based on the maxROM without a matched reference angle may lead to significant discrepancies in comparison with the targeted joint angle. In clinical settings, if accurate reproduction of motions is required to improve proprioception, providing a reference angle might be helpful.
Effect of E-PR-01 on non-specific low back pain in the adult population: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial
Authors: Srivastava Shalini , Karvir Sagar , Girandola Robert N.
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND: Low back pain (LBP) has emerged as a major public health concern leading to significant work productivity loss and deterioration in the quality of life. OBJECTIVE: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel-group clinical trial was conducted to investigate the effect of E-PR-01, a proprietary blend of Vitex negundo leaves and zingiber officinale rhizome, in individuals with LBP. METHODS: Seventy-two individuals aged 18 to 60 years with LBP were randomized in a 1:1 ratio in either the E-PR-01 or placebo group. The participants were instructed to take 2 capsules/day of the study products in two divided doses for 30 days. The study outcomes were changes in functional activity, bending flexibility, pain intensity, work productivity, and sleep quality. The sustained effect of the study products was also evaluated on the pain and physical functioning for 7 days after stopping the product intake. The product’s safety was evaluated by adverse events reporting throughout the study. RESULTS: Compared to the placebo, the E-PR-01 demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in functional disability (mean RMQ score: -5.47 vs. -2.48), pain intensity (mean VAS score: -31.29 vs. -14.55) and improved bending flexibility (mean distance: -5.60 vs. -2.38 cm). In addition, a significant improvement in work productivity as well as sleep quality was also observed. In the E-PR-01 group, a statistically significant sustained effect was observed compared to the placebo for the pain intensity (p< 0.0005) and the functional activity (p< 0.0001) scores. No significant adverse event was reported in the study. CONCLUSION: E-PR-01 significantly improved low back pain and bending flexibility in adults without adverse effects. Moreover, the effect of E-PR-01 lasted 7 days after stopping the intervention.
Diagnostic and prognostic utility of TROP-2, SLP-2, and CXCL12 expression in papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Attia Amany Selim , Hussein Samia , Sameh Hend , Khalil Amr , Waley Ahmad Barakat , Matar Ihab , Sameh Reham
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND:

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most frequent thyroid malignancy. Histopathological examination is widely accepted as the gold standard test for the diagnosis of PTC. However, the histopathological examination sometimes can’t differentiate PTC from other thyroid diseases. Differentiating PTC from other thyroid diseases is essential for a therapeutic approach and prognosis.

OBJECTIVES:

The current study was performed to investigate the utility of TROP-2, SPL-2, and CXCL12 mRNA and protein expression in discriminating PTC from other thyroid diseases that mimic PTC.

METHODS:

The current study was performed on 75 cases of surgically resected thyroid glands. The cases were distributed in two groups: the PTC group and the non-PTC group. The PTC group consisted of 35 cases (25 patients of the classic PTC variant and 10 patients of the PTC follicular variant). The non-PTC group consisted of 40 cases (10 cases were multinodular goiter, 5 cases were Graves’ disease, 5 cases were Hashimoto thyroiditis, 15 patients were follicular adenoma (FA) and 5 cases were follicular carcinoma). TROP-2, SPL-2, and CXCL12 mRNA expression were estimated by qRT-PCR, and protein expression was estimated by immunohistochemistry.

RESULTS:

There were upregulated TROP-2, SPL-2, and CXCL12 mRNA and protein expressions in PTC compared to non-PTC ([Formula: see text] 0.001, for each). There was a statistically significant upregulation in the mRNA expression of the three genes among PTC cases with larger tumor sizes ([Formula: see text] 0.001, for each), those with tumor stages III and IV ([Formula: see text] 0.008, 0.002 and [Formula: see text] 0.001 respectively), and those with LN metastasis ([Formula: see text] 0.001, for each). Moreover, there was a statistically significant upregulation in CXCL-12 gene expression among PTC cases with extra-thyroid extension ([Formula: see text] 0.001).

CONCLUSION:

mRNA expression of TROP-2, SPL-2, and CXCL12 among PTC cases increased in larger tumor size, tumor stages III and IV, and LN metastasis. Moreover, there was an increase in CXCL-12 gene expression among PTC cases with extra-thyroid extension. Thus, TROP-2, SPL-2, and CXCL12 expressions could be possible diagnostic and prognostic markers in PTC.
Experience in addressing the gender issue in post-Soviet countries
Authors: Saifnazarova Farida , Saifnazarov Ismail
Published: December 2023

This article examines the experience of addressing the gender issue in countries formed after the collapse of the Soviet Union. Since the national and historical characteristics of all independent states are markedly different, the purpose of the paper is to study the challenges that women had to face, to identify the positive experience of the decision in each case as well as to identify the general trends of such decisions. On the basis of statistical data published by the competent authorities of both the independent states themselves and the Economic Commission for Europe, an analysis was made of such key parameters of equality as employment, average wages, level of access to information, the relative number of representatives in leadership positions in state institutions and representative offices in national parliaments, as well as the general trend of legislative initiatives designed to combat discrimination against women. As a result of the analysis of the dynamics of indicators, the leading states in solving the gender issue were identified, and an assessment was made of the development of this area in the future. This analysis led to the conclusion that the transition of women’s rights issues to the plane of public discourse, the absence of silence concerning the problem, as well as the observance of voting rights are a guarantee of a significant reduction in the level of discrimination in society. The practical significance of the research lies in identifying the leading countries where the gender issue has been resolved positively, as well as formulating recommendations based on their experience for countries where the gender balance is still not respected, which will lead to a general strengthening of the protection of women’s rights.
The influence of social communications on the formation of public opinion of citizens during the war
Authors: Halich Artem , Kutsevska Olha , Korchagina Oksana , Kravchenko Olena , Fiedotova Nataliia
Published: December 2023

With the development of information technology and the spread of social networks, communication has become more accessible and faster, and therefore, social communications are becoming an increasingly relevant and important issue for modern society. The research aims to study the current state of social communications in Ukrainian and global society, considering their transformation and identifying development trends. The research was conducted using the methods of analysis, systematisation, deduction, generalisation, and surveying. The research provides knowledge on the current state of social communications in Ukrainian and global society. Various aspects of communication processes, their transformation and development trends were studied and analysed, which allowed to understand their role and impact on modern society. The study revealed the peculiarities of social communications in different contexts, such as war, revolution, and pandemic. Particular attention was paid to the impact of social media platforms, such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, LinkedIn, and TikTok, on the formation of public opinion, cultural stereotypes, and types of users on social media. The study was conducted to investigate the social communications of Ukrainians, including their activity on social media. The study helped to establish how social communications affect the interaction of various social groups and institutions, including political processes, civic engagement, and youth culture, as well as trends in social communications. The results of the study of social communications can be used by researchers to expand knowledge in the field of communications, develop new theories and approaches, and understand modern communication processes in society.
Critical thinking as an information security factor in the modern world
Authors: Kurylo Vitalii , Karaman Olena , Bader Svitlana , Pochinkova Mariia , Stepanenko Viktoriia
Published: December 2023

Access to information in today’s world is unprecedentedly easy thanks to the Internet and social media. However, this also creates information overload and the threat of disinformation. Critical thinking is becoming a key skill for sifting reliable information from fakes and manipulations, which makes this topic relevant. The research aims to determine the role of critical thinking in ensuring the information security of the population in the modern world. The study used the methods of analysis, systematisation, synthesis, and generalisation. The study confirmed that critical thinking is an important factor in the field of information security of the population, and also examined the main aspects of critical thinking and its components, including analysis of information sources, fact-checking, contextual understanding, bias research, formulation of critical questions and self-assessment. The study also thoroughly analyses the key aspects of critical thinking skills and considers the concept of Team-Based Learning (TBL), which is an active approach to education aimed at stimulating students’ critical thinking and engaging them in an active learning process. The results of the study highlight the peculiarities and importance of developing critical thinking skills in the Ukrainian population, especially in the context of the ongoing war with Russia, as the war manifests itself not only on the military front but also in the information space, and therefore the development of critical thinking becomes an important element in protecting national interests and information security. The results of the study can be used by researchers to develop specific recommendations and strategies to increase the level of critical thinking among the population and improve information security.
The Effectiveness of Group Guidance Service Through Techniques Games to Increase Student Empathy
Authors: Rayaginansih Syari Fitrah , SM Siti Nurhasanah , Cahyati Siti , Dartina Vina
Published: December 2023

The ability to empathize is the ability to understand, have tolerance, and pay attention to others to avoid violent, cruel, or criminal behavior. This study aims to obtain empirical data and determine the effectiveness of group counseling services through game techniques to increase the empathy of class X students at Juang Kencana Health Vocational School, Sukabumi. This type of research uses a quasi-experimental method with a nonequivalent control group research design. Sampling technique using simple random sampling. The population is 57 students. Samples were obtained through pretest results. The results of the pretest researchers took 50 people as research subjects. Subjects were divided into two groups: 25 were the experimental group, and 25 were the control group. The data collection technique uses a research instrument in the form of a questionnaire. The number of empathy questionnaires is 60 items. Twenty-one items are invalid, and the remaining 39 will be distributed to respondents. Analysis techniques using t-test analysis. Based on the t-test results, tcount = 8,15 table = 2,110 with a significant level of ? =0,05 and dk=n-1 (25-1=24). From the study results, it can be seen that count? table. So the null hypothesis (Ho), which states “group guidance using game techniques is not effective for increasing the empathy of class X student at Juang Kencana Health Vocational School Sukabumi,” was rejected. While the alternative hypothesis (Ha) states that “group guidance through game techniques is effective for increasing the empathy of class X students at Juang Kencana Health Vocational School Sukabumi” is Accepted. As for recommendations for future researchers, it is hoped that they can use appropriate and more varied techniques, such as the socio-drama technique
НИЗЬКОВУГЛЕЦЕВІ КРИТИЧНІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ В УКРАЇНІ ТА ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКОМУ СОЮЗІ: КЛІМАТИЧНЕ І ЦИРКУЛЯРНЕ УПРАВЛІННЯ РЕСУРСАМИ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ
Authors: Борисяк О.В. , Вовчук Д.М.
Published: December 2023

Стаття присвячена дослідженню ролі кліматичного і циркулярного управління ресурсами підприємств у контексті переходу до кліматичної нейтральності та впровадження низьковуглецевих критичних технологій як кліматичних інновацій в Україні та Європейському Союзі. Розглянуто тенденції нормативно-правового регулювання в Україні та Європейському Союзі щодо переходу до кліматичної нейтральності і циркулярного використання ресурсів. Відзначено важливість застосування управлінських підходів до інтеграції низьковуглецевих критичних технологій як кліматичних інновацій у виробничі процеси для зміцнення екологічної та енергетичної безпеки. Встановлено, що змін зазнає система управління маркетингом підприємства у напрямі розширення складових екологічного маркетингу. У статті запропоновано холістичний підхід до складових маркетингу впровадження низьковуглецевих критичних технологій на підприємстві, змістом якого є інтеграція маркетингу переробки відходів і кліматичного маркетингу в систему управління маркетингом низьковуглецевого розвитку підприємства.
ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКИЙ ЗЕЛЕНИЙ КУРС: МОЖЛИВОСТІ ТА НАСЛІДКИ ДЛЯ УКРАЇНСЬКОГО БІЗНЕСУ
Authors: Кицюк Ірина , Науменко Наталія , Присяжнюк Володимир
Published: December 2023

У статті розглянуто мету, напрямки діяльності та цілі Європейського зеленого курсу. Зокрема, зазначається, що Європейський зелений курс є невід’ємною частиною стратегії Європейської Комісії щодо реалізації Порядку денного Організації Об’єднаних Націй на період до 2030 року та цілей сталого розвитку; а також охоплює сфери діяльності, які стосуються клімату, навколишнього середовища, енергетики, транспорту, промисловості, сільського господарства та сталого фінансування, що тісно взаємопов’язані між собою. Проаналізовано основні ініціативи Європейського Союзу щодо реалізації Європейського зеленого курсу. Особливу увагу приділено дослідженню перспектив розвитку українського бізнесу в контексті Європейського зеленого курсу. Визначено, що Європейський зелений курс має значні переваги для уряду, бізнесу, а також для громадян України в цілому.
СТРАТЕГІЧНІ НАПРЯМИ ВЗАЄМОДІЇ БІЗНЕСУ, ГРОМАДСЬКИХ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙ І ДЕРЖАВИ В ЧАСИ ДИНАМІЧНИХ ЗМІН
Authors: Сенишин Оксана , Ільків Наталія , Угольков Євгеній
Published: December 2023

У статті проведено дослідження особливостей вдосконалення стратегічних напрямів взаємодії бізнесу, громадських організацій і держави у часи динамічних змін. Встановлено основні переваги співпраці бізнесу, громадських організацій та державних органів влади та головні виклики сьогодення, що з’являються у такій взаємодії. Виділено найбільш поширені етапи та форми ефективного партнерства у рамках «бізнес-громадські організації-держава». Наразі найпоширенішими формами у співпраці між бізнесу, громадських організацій та держави є спонсорство, тобто надання компаніями та державою коштів для здійснення діяльності в обмін на реалізацію соціального проєкту та формування іміджу. Запропоновано концептуальну візію взаємодії бізнесу, громадських організацій та держави у часи динамічних змін. Бізнес, громадські організації та держава мають різні ресурси та компетенції, які можуть бути використані для досягнення цілей.
“Slava Ukraini!” Strategy and the Spirit of Ukrainian Resistance 2014–2023
Authors: Käihkö Ilmari
Published: December 2023

“Slava Ukraini!” Strategy and the Spirit of Ukrainian Resistance tells the story of the volunteers lauded to have saved Ukraine twice. The volunteers first emerged in the spring of 2014 after the onset of the war in Donbas in a context characterized by ambiguity, state weakness, political uncertainty, and threat. They re-emerged again in February 2022 after the large-scale Russian invasion. Aimed at an interdisciplinary audience, this volume makes significant contributions to our understanding of events in Ukraine over the past decade. Based on ethnographic fieldwork with volunteer battalion fighters, the volume focuses on strategy, or the creation, control, and use of force. This framework is first applied to the volunteer militias to further the understanding of militia strategy conducted after 2014, and then to the first year and a half that followed the Russian invasion in 2022. “Slava Ukraini!” also discusses the long-term sociological impact of volunteer battalions and the war they fought in Ukraine. The Ukrainian spirit of resistance emerged first on the Maidan in November 2013, ignited the volunteer Spirit of 2014 after the Russian invasion and annexation of Crimea, and ultimately flared-up on a national scale in a manner which surprised the invading Russian forces in 2022. Yet initially the volunteers may also have exacerbated internal divisions in Ukraine. The Spirit of 2014 was also better suited to a war of movement than immobile trench warfare that left little room for heroism and aggressive soldiering. Unrealistic expectations about modern warfare led to disillusionment, and many volunteers leaving the war in 2015. The perceived stalemate and lack of Ukrainian soldiers by late 2023 raised the question of a similar dynamic witnessed in 2014 and 1914 alike. Ilmari Käihkö is an associate professor of War Studies at the Swedish Defence University, and a veteran of the Finnish Defence Forces. His research focuses on cultural sociology of war, underpinned by ethnographic study of contemporary war and warfare.
PERANCANGAN PROTOTYPE SMART WAREHOUSE MENGGUNAKAN FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM BERBASIS IoT (INTERNET OF THINGS)
Authors: Panjaitan Marulak , Gunoto Pamor , Susanti Endang
Published: December 2023

Penggunaan media air pada sistem pengaman kebakaran warehouse dapat menyebabkan kerusakan terutama pada peralatan elektronik yang berakibat mengalami kerugian besar. Media air pada umumnya efektif memadamkan api akan tetapi memiliki kekurangan salah satunya dapat merusak peralatan terutama peralatan elektronik. Untuk mengurangi dampak kerusakan pada perangkat elektronik dan peninggalan bekas kotor maka dirancang alat yang dapat bekerja otomatis menggunakan menggunakan teknologi IoT pemadaman gas CO2. Menggunakan kontrol arduino mega dan NodeMCU serta sensor DHT-22, MQ-2, flame sensor, gas CO2 dan aplikasi monitoring menggunakan smartphone android. Metode yang digunakan yaitu perancangan desain, pembuatan dan pengujian alat. Hasil penelitian berupa kecepaatan rata-rata satu siklus kerja yaitu sumber api sebesar 54,96 detik, suhu sebesar 111,09 detik dan gas CO2 sebesar 56,38 detik. Kecepatan pengendalian pada aplikasi interface ialah dibawah 6 detik. Set point kerja flame yaitu > 50 nm, DHT-22 yaitu >= 40 oC serta MQ-2 yaitu > 10 ppm.