bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Designation of a Deleuzian Philosophy for Environmental Education and Its Consequences…
Authors: Cole David R.
Published: October 2019

The philosophy of Gilles Deleuze has become popular in recent moves to embed approaches such as the new materialist and the posthuman in environmental education. Certainly, a newfound respect for the material universe, including the comprehension of the human place in it, and the tendency to a posthuman theoretical position, are both important given the contemporary environmental crisis, named as the Anthropocene. However, this article will argue that both these philosophies do not go far enough. This is because they must retain a political, social and critical edge if they are to be effective, and this edge can be too easily disregarded in the pursuit of increased engagement with the material and everything not human. In contrast, this article will put forward a Deleuzian approach to environmental education, based on the intellectual quadrant of Spinoza-Marx-Nietzsche-Bergson (Figure 1). It will be argued that only by fully connecting these often conflicting and disparate philosophies that a workable new synthesis for environmental education and a cartography for learning can be achieved. The Deleuzian approach to environmental education will be exemplified through an analysis of current environmental practises in schools as assemblage.
Chronic Sixth Nerve Palsy due to Compression by the Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery
Authors: Arulratnam Bhranavi , Mandell Daniel M. , Micieli Jonathan A.
Published: October 2019

A 65-year-old healthy woman presented with a 15-year history of binocular horizontal diplopia worse when looking left. She had previously been thoroughly investigated multiple times for a left sixth nerve palsy (6NP) 15 years ago and had three normal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of the brain/orbits with contrast, normal acetylcholine receptor antibodies, normal thyroid function tests, normal cerebrospinal fluid, and normal nerve conduction studies and single-fibre electromyography. She was treated with prism glasses, which resulted in resolution of her symptoms in primary position.
Bifurcation analysis of the primary instability in the flow around a flexibly mounted circular cylinder
Authors: Dolci Daiane I. , Carmo Bruno S.
Published: October 2019

The nonlinear character of the primary bifurcation is investigated for the flow around a flexibly mounted circular cylinder. We have considered the cases in which the cylinder can oscillate in the transverse direction only and in both transverse and in-line directions. Low and high values of mass ratio ($m^{\ast }=5$ and 50) were studied, and reduced velocity ($V_{r}$) values are chosen inside ($V_{r}=9$) and outside ($V_{r}=5$ and $V_{r}=13$) the lock-in range for low Reynolds numbers. For each combination of $m^{\ast }$ and $V_{r}$, a global linear stability analysis was applied to find the critical Reynolds number $Re_{c}$ of the fluid–structure system. For $V_{r}$ in the lock-in range, the values of $Re_{c}$ were noticeably less than the critical Reynolds number of the flow around a fixed circular cylinder ($Re_{c_{0}}\cong 47$). On the other hand, for $V_{r}$ outside the lock-in range, the values of $Re_{c}$ were close to $Re_{c_{0}}$. Next, nonlinear analyses were performed in the vicinity of $Re_{c}$ for each case. Subcritical character (with hysteresis) was observed for $V_{r}$ in the lock-in range, while for $V_{r}$ outside the lock-in region the bifurcations were found to be supercritical (without hysteresis). This shows that when the coupling between the structure and flow is strong, due to the proximity of the natural frequencies of the isolated systems, it significantly changes both the linear and nonlinear responses observed.
Performing the Rural in Contemporary Irish Theatre
Authors: Collins Christopher
Published: October 2019

In this article Christopher Collins considers how the rural is represented in contemporary Irish theatre through a performance analysis of WillFredd Theatre’s award-winning production of FARM, staged in an industrial Dublin warehouse. Adopting a relational perspective, the article explores how the rural in contemporary Irish culture is a valuable commodity that is produced for urban consumption, and examines how the representation of the rural in FARM offered a critique of economies of capital that obscure the inherent labour of producing the rural. It also highlights how the performance explored the workings of the Irish cultural economy that produces rural nostalgia as an affective practice at the expense of some of the lived realities of rural life that extend beyond labour to loneliness, depression, and gendered essentialism. Consequently, Collins questions what, if anything, has changed from the representation and reception of the rural as nostalgic utopia, and the role nostalgia plays in articulating regional and national identities. Christopher Collins is an Assistant Professor of Drama at the University of Nottingham. He has published widely on modern and contemporary Irish theatre, including two monographs on the plays and performances of J. M. Synge. In 2016 he was appointed as Secretary General (Communications) for the International Federation for Theatre Research.
Chinese Circus and its Audiences: Past and Present
Authors: Jia Susan
Published: October 2019

Circus in China until the 1760s was primarily regarded as an equestrian court performance to entertain nobles of the Qing Dynasty at the inauguration of the Chinese New Year, or to amuse foreign dignitaries bringing tributes. Since that time, circus has transformed into a popular entertainment art, featuring the integration of human, animal, dance, acrobatics, music, vocal, multi-media, and new technologies. In this article Susan Jia revisits the history of circus in China, and then focuses on its latest form of presentation in Shanghai Circus World (SCW), the premier circus establishment in China. The two core pieces in the SCW repertoire – ‘ERA: Intersection of Time’ and ‘Happy Circus’ – are examined to construct a representative miniature of modern Chinese circus, and from audiences’ perspective, the many comments written for online communities are analyzed to explore their understanding of modern circus. Susan Jia is an assistant professor in the School of Business and Management, Shanghai International Studies University. She researches means of developing the leisure and entertainment services industries.
Polylogarithmic bounds in the nilpotent Freiman theorem
Authors: TOINTON MATTHEW C. H.
Published: October 2019

We show that if A is a finite K-approximate subgroup of an s-step nilpotent group then there is a finite normal subgroup $H \subset {A^{{K^{{O_s}(1)}}}}$ modulo which ${A^{{O_s}(\mathop {\log }\nolimits^{{O_s}(1)} K)}}$ contains a nilprogression of rank at most ${O_s}(\mathop {\log }\nolimits^{{O_s}(1)} K)$ and size at least $\exp ( - {O_s}(\mathop {\log }\nolimits^{{O_s}(1)} K))|A|$. This partially generalises the close-to-optimal bounds obtained in the abelian case by Sanders, and improves the bounds and simplifies the exposition of an earlier result of the author. Combined with results of Breuillard–Green, Breuillard–Green–Tao, Gill–Helfgott–Pyber–Szabó, and the author, this leads to improved rank bounds in Freiman-type theorems in residually nilpotent groups and certain linear groups of bounded degree.
Dispersionless integrable hierarchies andGL(2, ℝ) geometry
Authors: FERAPONTOV EVGENY , KRUGLIKOV BORIS
Published: October 2019

Paraconformal orGL(2, ℝ) geometry on ann-dimensional manifoldMis defined by a field of rational normal curves of degreen– 1 in the projectivised cotangent bundle ℙT*M. Such geometry is known to arise on solution spaces of ODEs with vanishing Wünschmann (Doubrov–Wilczynski) invariants. In this paper we discuss yet another natural source ofGL(2, ℝ) structures, namely dispersionless integrable hierarchies of PDEs such as the dispersionless Kadomtsev–Petviashvili (dKP) hierarchy. In the latter context,GL(2, ℝ) structures coincide with the characteristic variety (principal symbol) of the hierarchy.

Dispersionless hierarchies provide explicit examples of particularly interesting classes of involutiveGL(2, ℝ) structures studied in the literature. Thus, we obtain torsion-freeGL(2, ℝ) structures of Bryant [5] that appeared in the context of exotic holonomy in dimension four, as well as totally geodesicGL(2, ℝ) structures of Krynski [33]. The latter possess a compatible affine connection (with torsion) and a two-parameter family of totally geodesicα-manifolds (coming from the dispersionless Lax equations), which makes them a natural generalisation of the Einstein–Weyl geometry.

Our main result states that involutiveGL(2, ℝ) structures are governed by a dispersionless integrable system whose general local solution depends on 2n– 4 arbitrary functions of 3 variables. This establishes integrability of the system of Wünschmann conditions.
A special issue on structural proof theory, automated reasoning and computation in celebration of Dale Miller’s 60th birthday
Authors: Baelde David , Felty Amy , Nadathur Gopalan , Saurin Alexis
Published: October 2019

The genesis of this special issue was in a meeting that took place at Université Paris Diderot on December 15 and 16, 2016. Dale Miller, Professor at École polytechnique, had turned 60 a few days earlier. In a career spanning over three decades and in work conducted in collaboration with several students and colleagues, Dale had had a significant influence in an area that can be described as structural proof theory and its application to computation and reasoning. In recognition of this fact, several of his collaborators thought it appropriate to celebrate the occasion by organizing a symposium on topics broadly connected to his areas of interest and achievements. The meeting was a success in several senses: it was attended by over 35 people, there were 15 technical presentations describing new results, and, quite gratifyingly, we managed to spring the event as a complete surprise to Dale.
Foretelling Forest Death from Above
Authors: Cartier Kimberly
Published: October 2019

A satellite-based early-warning signal may spot the start of a forest’s decline and give forest managers more time to save its life.
Neurobehavioral phenotype of autism spectrum disorder associated with germline heterozygous mutations in PTEN
Authors: Busch Robyn M. , Srivastava Siddharth , Hogue Olivia , Frazier Thomas W. , Klaas Patricia , Hardan Antonio , Martinez-Agosto Julian A. , Sahin Mustafa , Eng Charis ,   on behalf of the Developmental Synaptopathies Consortium, Warfield Simon K. , Scherrer Benoit , Dies Kira , Filip-Dhima Rajna , Gulsrud Amanda , Hanson Ellen , Phillips Jennifer M.
Published: October 2019

Germline mutations in PTEN, the gene that encodes phosphatase and tensin homolog, have been identified in up to 20% of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and macrocephaly and are associated with marked abnormalities in the white matter of the brain. This study sought to characterize the neurobehavioral phenotype of PTEN-ASD. Comprehensive neurobehavioral evaluations were conducted in 36 participants (ages 3–21 years) with PTEN-ASD and compared to two groups of controls: non-syndromic ASD with macrocephaly (Macro-ASD, n = 25) and those with PTEN mutations without ASD (PTEN-no ASD, n = 23). Linear regression analysis or Kruskal–Wallis tests were used to examine group differences on neurobehavioral measures (cognitive, behavioral, sensory, and adaptive functioning) and, for select measures, one-sample t-tests were used to compare group performance to healthy control norms. These analyses revealed a distinct neuropsychological profile associated with mutations in PTEN suggesting primary disruption of frontal lobe systems (i.e., attention, impulsivity, reaction time, processing speed, and motor coordination). Cognitive deficits in PTEN-ASD are more severe than those in PTEN-no ASD and extend to other areas of neurobehavioral function, specifically, adaptive behavior and sensory deficits. While core ASD symptoms are similar in PTEN-ASD and Macro-ASD, PTEN-ASD had lower clinical ratings of autism severity and showed more sensory abnormalities suggestive of less sensory responsiveness. Together, these results suggest that PTEN-ASD has a distinct neurobehavioral phenotype compared to idiopathic ASD that is likely to warrant special consideration for overall assessment and treatment.
From spinodal decomposition to alternating layered structure within single crystals of biogenic magnesium calcite
Authors: Seknazi Eva , Kozachkevich Stas , Polishchuk Iryna , Bianco Stein Nuphar , Villanova Julie , Suuronen Jussi-Petteri , Dejoie Catherine , Zaslansky Paul , Katsman Alex , Pokroy Boaz
Published: October 2019

As organisms can form crystals only under ambient conditions, they demonstrate fascinating strategies to overcome this limitation. Recently, we reported a previously unknown biostrategy for toughening brittle calcite crystals, using coherently incorporated Mg-rich nanoprecipitates arranged in a layered manner in the lenses of a brittle star, Ophiocoma wendtii. Here we propose the mechanisms of formation of this functional hierarchical structure under conditions of ambient temperature and limited solid diffusion. We propose that formation proceeds via a spinodal decomposition of a liquid or gel-like magnesium amorphous calcium carbonate (Mg-ACC) precursor into Mg-rich nanoparticles and a Mg-depleted amorphous matrix. In a second step, crystallization of the decomposed amorphous precursor leads to the formation of high-Mg particle-rich layers. The model is supported by our experimental results in synthetic systems. These insights have significant implications for fundamental understanding of the role of Mg-ACC material transformation during crystallization and its subsequent stability.
Intertwined dipolar and multipolar order in the triangular-lattice magnet TmMgGaO4
Authors: Shen Yao , Liu Changle , Qin Yayuan , Shen Shoudong , Li Yao-Dong , Bewley Robert , Schneidewind Astrid , Chen Gang , Zhao Jun
Published: October 2019

A phase transition is often accompanied by the appearance of an order parameter and symmetry breaking. Certain magnetic materials exhibit exotic hidden-order phases, in which the order parameters are not directly accessible to conventional magnetic measurements. Thus, experimental identification and theoretical understanding of a hidden order are difficult. Here we combine neutron scattering and thermodynamic probes to study the newly discovered rare-earth triangular-lattice magnet TmMgGaO4. Clear magnetic Bragg peaks at K points are observed in the elastic neutron diffraction measurements. More interesting, however, is the observation of sharp and highly dispersive spin excitations that cannot be explained by a magnetic dipolar order, but instead is the direct consequence of the underlying multipolar order that is “hidden” in the neutron diffraction experiments. We demonstrate that the observed unusual spin correlations and thermodynamics can be accurately described by a transverse field Ising model on the triangular lattice with an intertwined dipolar and ferro-multipolar order.
Spatiotemporal dynamics of multidrug resistant bacteria on intensive care unit surfaces
Authors: D’Souza Alaric W. , Potter Robert F. , Wallace Meghan , Shupe Angela , Patel Sanket , Sun Xiaoqing , Gul Danish , Kwon Jennie H. , Andleeb Saadia , Burnham Carey-Ann D. , Dantas Gautam
Published: October 2019

Bacterial pathogens that infect patients also contaminate hospital surfaces. These contaminants impact hospital infection control and epidemiology, prompting quantitative examination of their transmission dynamics. Here we investigate spatiotemporal and phylogenetic relationships of multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria on intensive care unit surfaces from two hospitals in the United States (US) and Pakistan collected over one year. MDR bacteria isolated from 3.3% and 86.7% of US and Pakistani surfaces, respectively, include common nosocomial pathogens, rare opportunistic pathogens, and novel taxa. Common nosocomial isolates are dominated by single lineages of different clones, are phenotypically MDR, and have high resistance gene burdens. Many resistance genes (e.g., blaNDM, blaOXA carbapenamases), are shared by multiple species and flanked by mobilization elements. We identify Acinetobacter baumannii and Enterococcus faecium co-association on multiple surfaces, and demonstrate these species establish synergistic biofilms in vitro. Our results highlight substantial MDR pathogen burdens in hospital built-environments, provide evidence for spatiotemporal-dependent transmission, and demonstrate potential mechanisms for multi-species surface persistence.
Structural basis of the activation of type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor
Authors: Li Jie , Choi Eunhee , Yu Hongtao , Bai Xiao-chen
Published: October 2019

Type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF1R) is a receptor tyrosine kinase that regulates cell growth and proliferation, and can be activated by IGF1, IGF2, and insulin. Here, we report the cryo-EM structure of full-length IGF1R–IGF1 complex in the active state. This structure reveals that only one IGF1 molecule binds the Γ-shaped asymmetric IGF1R dimer. The IGF1-binding site is formed by the L1 and CR domains of one IGF1R protomer and the α-CT and FnIII-1 domains of the other. The liganded α-CT forms a rigid beam-like structure with the unliganded α-CT, which hinders the conformational change of the unliganded α-CT required for binding of a second IGF1 molecule. We further identify an L1–FnIII-2 interaction that mediates the dimerization of membrane-proximal domains of IGF1R. This interaction is required for optimal receptor activation. Our study identifies a source of the negative cooperativity in IGF1 binding to IGF1R and reveals the structural basis of IGF1R activation.
Mesopelagic fishes dominate otolith record of past two millennia in the Santa Barbara Basin
Authors: Jones William A. , Checkley David M.
Published: October 2019

The mesopelagic (200–1000 m) separates the productive upper ocean from the deep ocean, yet little is known of its long-term dynamics despite recent research that suggests fishes of this zone likely dominate global fish biomass and contribute to the downward flux of carbon. Here we show that mesopelagic fishes dominate the otolith (ear bone) record in anoxic sediment layers of the Santa Barbara Basin over the past two millennia. Among these mesopelagic fishes, otoliths from families Bathylagidae (deep-sea smelts) and Myctophidae (lanternfish) are most abundant. Otolith deposition rate fluctuates at decadal to centennial time scales and covaries with proxies for upper ocean temperature, consistent with climate forcing. Moreover, otolith deposition rate and proxies for temperature and primary productivity show contemporaneous discontinuities during the Medieval Climate Anomaly and Little Ice Age. Mesopelagic fishes may serve as proxies for future climatic influence at those depths including effects on the carbon cycle.
One-shot preparation of topologically chimeric nanofibers via a gradient supramolecular copolymerization
Authors: Kitamoto Yuichi , Pan Ziyan , Prabhu Deepak D. , Isobe Atsushi , Ohba Tomonori , Shimizu Nobutaka , Takagi Hideaki , Haruki Rie , Adachi Shin-ichi , Yagai Shiki
Published: October 2019

Supramolecular polymers have emerged in the last decade as highly accessible polymeric nanomaterials. An important step toward finely designed nanomaterials with versatile functions, such as those of natural proteins, is intricate topological control over their main chains. Herein, we report the facile one-shot preparation of supramolecular copolymers involving segregated secondary structures. By cooling non-polar solutions containing two monomers that individually afford helically folded and linearly extended secondary structures, we obtain unique nanofibers with coexisting distinct secondary structures. A spectroscopic analysis of the formation process of such topologically chimeric fibers reveals that the monomer composition varies gradually during the polymerization due to the formation of heteromeric hydrogen-bonded intermediates. We further demonstrate the folding of these chimeric fibers by light-induced deformation of the linearly extended segments.
Author Correction: BsmR degrades c-di-GMP to modulate biofilm formation of nosocomial pathogen Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
Authors: Liu Wei , Tian Xiu-Qi , Wei Jin-Wei , Ding Li-Li , Qian Wei , Liu Zhong , Wang Fang-Fang
Published: October 2019

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.
Supersonic turbulent flow simulation using a scalable parallel modal discontinuous Galerkin numerical method
Authors: Houba Tomas , Dasgupta Arnob , Gopalakrishnan Shivasubramanian , Gosse Ryan , Roy Subrata
Published: October 2019

The scalability and efficiency of numerical methods on parallel computer architectures is of prime importance as we march towards exascale computing. Classical methods like finite difference schemes and finite volume methods have inherent roadblocks in their mathematical construction to achieve good scalability. These methods are popularly used to solve the Navier-Stokes equations for fluid flow simulations. The discontinuous Galerkin family of methods for solving continuum partial differential equations has shown promise in realizing parallel efficiency and scalability when approaching petascale computations. In this paper an explicit modal discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method utilizing Implicit Large Eddy Simulation (ILES) is proposed for unsteady turbulent flow simulations involving the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations. A study of the method was performed for the Taylor-Green vortex case at a Reynolds number ranging from 100 to 1600. The polynomial order P = 2 (third order accurate) was found to closely match the Direct Navier-Stokes (DNS) results for all Reynolds numbers tested outside of Re = 1600, which had a normalized RMS error of 3.43 × 10−4 in the dissipation rate for a 603 element mesh. The scalability and performance study of the method was then conducted for a Reynolds number of 1600 for polynomials orders from P = 2 to P = 6. The highest order polynomial that was tested (P = 6) was found to have the most efficient scalability using both the MPI and OpenMP implementations.
Development of a real-time endoscopic image diagnosis support system using deep learning technology in colonoscopy
Authors: Yamada Masayoshi , Saito Yutaka , Imaoka Hitoshi , Saiko Masahiro , Yamada Shigemi , Kondo Hiroko , Takamaru Hiroyuki , Sakamoto Taku , Sese Jun , Kuchiba Aya , Shibata Taro , Hamamoto Ryuji
Published: October 2019

Gaps in colonoscopy skills among endoscopists, primarily due to experience, have been identified, and solutions are critically needed. Hence, the development of a real-time robust detection system for colorectal neoplasms is considered to significantly reduce the risk of missed lesions during colonoscopy. Here, we develop an artificial intelligence (AI) system that automatically detects early signs of colorectal cancer during colonoscopy; the AI system shows the sensitivity and specificity are 97.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 95.9%–98.4%) and 99.0% (95% CI = 98.6%–99.2%), respectively, and the area under the curve is 0.975 (95% CI = 0.964–0.986) in the validation set. Moreover, the sensitivities are 98.0% (95% CI = 96.6%–98.8%) in the polypoid subgroup and 93.7% (95% CI = 87.6%–96.9%) in the non-polypoid subgroup; To accelerate the detection, tensor metrics in the trained model was decomposed, and the system can predict cancerous regions 21.9 ms/image on average. These findings suggest that the system is sufficient to support endoscopists in the high detection against non-polypoid lesions, which are frequently missed by optical colonoscopy. This AI system can alert endoscopists in real-time to avoid missing abnormalities such as non-polypoid polyps during colonoscopy, improving the early detection of this disease.
Doc2b Ca2+ binding site mutants enhance synaptic release at rest at the expense of sustained synaptic strength
Authors: Bourgeois-Jaarsma Quentin , Verhage Matthijs , Groffen Alexander J.
Published: October 2019

Communication between neurons involves presynaptic neurotransmitter release which can be evoked by action potentials or occur spontaneously as a result of stochastic vesicle fusion. The Ca2+-binding double C2 proteins Doc2a and –b were implicated in spontaneous and asynchronous evoked release, but the mechanism remains unclear. Here, we compared wildtype Doc2b with two Ca2+ binding site mutants named DN and 6A, previously classified as gain- and loss-of-function mutants. They carry the substitutions D218,220N or D163,218,220,303,357,359A respectively. We found that both mutants bound phospholipids at low Ca2+ concentrations and were membrane-associated in resting neurons, thus mimicking a Ca2+-activated state. Their overexpression in hippocampal primary cultured neurons had similar effects on spontaneous and evoked release, inducing high mEPSC frequencies and increased short-term depression. Together, these data suggest that the DN and 6A mutants both act as gain-of-function mutants at resting conditions.
Association between oral health and dementia in the elderly: a population-based study in Korea
Authors: Lee Kyeong Hee , Choi Yoon Young
Published: October 2019

We have investigated the association of oral health with development of dementia in elderly Koreans. Data for subjects aged ≥65 years who underwent regular National Health Insurance Service check-ups and received dental care in 2017 were analysed. Those treated for dementia in 2017 served as the dementia group and those with no record of dementia in 2002–2017 as the control group. Explanatory variables were sex, age, household income, place of residence, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and presence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension, periodontitis, and removable dentures. Regression analysis showed that dementia was significantly more common in women than in men and in those aged ≥81 years than in those aged 65–70 years. The risk of dementia was highest in the ‘upper-middle’ income group and in the rural population. Smokers and those who consumed alcohol were less likely to develop dementia. Subjects with diabetes were more likely to have dementia than those without it, as were those with hypertension. Dementia was less likely in subjects with periodontitis and more likely in those with removable dentures. Therefore, loss of teeth may contribute to development of dementia.
Wave Vector Difference of Magnetic Bragg Reflections and Low Energy Magnetic Excitations in Charge-stripe Ordered La2NiO4.11
Authors: Freeman P. G. , Giblin S. R. , Skoulatos M. , Mole R. A. , Prabhakaran D.
Published: October 2019

We report on the magnetism of charge-stripe ordered La2NiO4.11±0.01 by neutron scattering and μSR. On going towards zero energy transfer there is an observed wave vector offset in the centring of the magnetic excitations and magnetic Bragg reflections, meaning the excitations cannot be described as Goldstone modes of the magnetic order. Weak transverse field μSR measurements determine the magnetically order volume fraction is 87% from the two stripe twins, and the temperature evolution of the magnetic excitations is consistent with the low energy excitations coming from the magnetically ordered volume of the material. We will discuss how these results contrast with the proposed origin of a similar wave vector offset recently observed in a La-based cuprate, and possible origins of this effect in La2NiO4.11.
Nonlinear mixed-effects models for modeling in vitro drug response data to determine problematic cancer cell lines
Authors: Abbas-Aghababazadeh Farnoosh , Lu Pengcheng , Fridley Brooke L.
Published: October 2019

Cancer cell lines (CCLs) have been widely used to study of cancer. Recent studies have called into question the reliability of data collected on CCLs. Hence, we set out to determine CCLs that tend to be overly sensitive or resistant to a majority of drugs utilizing a nonlinear mixed-effects (NLME) modeling framework. Using drug response data collected in the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) and the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC), we determined the optimal functional form for each drug. Then, a NLME model was fit to the drug response data, with the estimated random effects used to determine sensitive or resistant CCLs. Out of the roughly 500 CCLs studies from the CCLE, we found 17 cell lines to be overly sensitive or resistant to the studied drugs. In the GDSC, we found 15 out of the 990 CCLs to be excessively sensitive or resistant. These results can inform researchers in the selection of CCLs to include in drug studies. Additionally, this study illustrates the need for assessing the dose-response functional form and the use of NLME models to achieve more stable estimates of drug response parameters.
Anthropogenic enrichment of the chemical composition of bottom sediments of water bodies in the neighborhood of a non-ferrous metal smelter (Silesian Upland, Southern Poland)
Authors: Machowski Robert , Rzetala Martyna A. , Rzetala Mariusz , Solarski Maksymilian
Published: October 2019

An assessment was carried out of the anthropogenic enrichment of the chemical composition of the bottom sediments of water bodies situated in an area with an urban and industrial character (63.7% of the total area). The endorheic catchments of the water bodies studied are lithologically uniform with sandy formations accounting for more than 90% of the surface area. On the basis of geoaccumulation index values, it was found that the bottom sediments of the water bodies studied were contaminated with the following elements: Cd, Zn, S, As, Pb, Sr, Co, Cr, Cu, Ba, Ni, V, Be, in degrees ranging from moderate to extreme, with lower contamination (or absence of contamination) with the same elements being found in the formations present in the vicinity and in the substrate of the basins of water bodies. It was found that one consequence of the fact that these water bodies are located in urban and industrial areas is that there is anthropogenic enrichment of the chemical composition of bottom sediments with certain basic components (organic matter, Mn, Ca and P compounds) and trace elements: Cd, Zn, Pb, Sb, As, Cu and Co, Br, Ni, S, Be, Cs, Sr, V, Cr, Sc, Ba, U, Ce, Eu and Th, with virtually no enrichment of sediments with the other basic and trace components analysed (La, Rb, K2O, Nd, Sm, Na2O, Hf, SiO2, Zr).
Cross-cultural analysis of attention disengagement times supports the dissociation of faces and patterns in the infant brain
Authors: Pyykkö Juha , Ashorn Per , Ashorn Ulla , Niehaus Dana J. H. , Leppänen Jukka M.
Published: October 2019

Infants are slower to disengage from faces than non-face patterns when distracted by novel competing stimuli. While this perceptual predilection for faces is well documented, its universality and mechanisms in relation to other aspects of attention are poorly understood. We analysed attention disengagement times for faces and non-face patterns in a large sample of 6-to 9-month-old infants (N = 637), pooled from eye tracking studies in socioculturally diverse settings (Finland, Malawi, South Africa). Disengagement times were classified into distinct groups of quick and delayed/censored responses by unsupervised clustering. Delayed disengagement was frequent for faces (52.1% of trials), but almost negligible for patterns (3.9% of trials) in all populations. The magnitude of this attentional bias varied by individuals, whereas the impact of situational factors and facial expression was small. Individual variations in disengagement from faces were moderately stable within testing sessions and independent from variations in disengagement times for patterns. These results point to a fundamental dissociation of face and pattern processing in infants and demonstrate that the bias for faces can be robust against distractors and habituation. The results raise the possibility that attention to faces varies as an independent, early-emerging social trait in populations.
Thermal equation of state of ruthenium characterized by resistively heated diamond anvil cell
Authors: Anzellini Simone , Errandonea Daniel , Cazorla Claudio , MacLeod Simon , Monteseguro Virginia , Boccato Silvia , Bandiello Enrico , Anichtchenko Daniel Diaz , Popescu Catalin , Beavers Christine M.
Published: October 2019

The high-pressure and high-temperature structural and chemical stability of ruthenium has been investigated via synchrotron X-ray diffraction using a resistively heated diamond anvil cell. In the present experiment, ruthenium remains stable in the hcp phase up to 150 GPa and 960 K. The thermal equation of state has been determined based upon the data collected following four different isotherms. A quasi-hydrostatic equation of state at ambient temperature has also been characterized up to 150 GPa. The measured equation of state and structural parameters have been compared to the results ofab initiosimulations performed with several exchange-correlation functionals. The agreement between theory and experiments is generally quite good. Phonon calculations were also carried out to show that hcp ruthenium is not only structurally but also dynamically stable up to extreme pressures. These calculations also allow the pressure dependence of the Raman-activeE2gmode and the silentB1gmode of Ru to be determined.
Neural basis of romantic partners’ decisions about participation in leisure activity
Authors: Kyeong Sunghyon , Eom Hyojung , Kim Min-Kyeong , Jung Young Hoon , Park Sunyoung , Kim Jae-Jin
Published: October 2019

Leisure activity is one of key ingredients for individual happiness and life satisfaction. Enjoying leisure activity with one’s partner can increase marital satisfaction. This study aimed to identify the neural basis of making decisions on participation in a leisure activity with one’s romantic partner as well as the relationship between leisure activity and satisfaction with life. Thirty-seven soon-to-be married heterosexual couples were participated in functional MRI while deciding participation in specific leisure activities in the individual, partner, with-friend, and with-partner conditions. We constructed analysis of variance models and investigated couple characteristics such as personality similarity, leisure activity matching rate, and spatial similarity in the bilateral frontoparietal network. The results showed decreased activity in the bilateral hippocampus during the task in the with-partner condition. Individual leisure activity was correlated with quality of life in males, whereas participation in leisure activity might require more cognitive loading on the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in females. The leisure activity matching rate was correlated with courtship period, personality similarity, and spatial similarity of the right frontoparietal network during the task. These findings suggest that although there are different activation pattern in making decisions on leisure activity between romantic couples, spatial similarity of the partner’s social brain networks may be a marker that predicts how well the couple enjoys leisure activity together. In addition, our couples’ data analysis provides a scientific basis for the saying that romantic couples become more similar the longer they are together.
Ir nanoparticles with ultrahigh dispersion as oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts: synthesis and activity benchmarking
Authors: Bizzotto Francesco , Quinson Jonathan , Zana Alessandro , Kirkensgaard Jacob J. K. , Dworzak Alexandra , Oezaslan Mehtap , Arenz Matthias
Published: October 2019

In this work, we present a facile and straightforward approach to synthesize, activate and benchmark small, i.e. 1.6 nm in diameter, Ir nanoparticles (NP) as oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts.
Hydrogen gas formation from the photolysis of rhenium hydrides – mechanistic and computational studies
Authors: Webster Alyssa A. , Huo Jianqiang , Milliken Jenna , Sullivan Pat , Kubelka Jan , Hoberg John O.
Published: October 2019

The photolysis of fac-Re(bpy)(CO)3H derivatives produce stoichiometric H2 gas. Isotope labeling and computational studies indicate a mechanism involving a Re–H–Re bridging complex that leads to a dimeric Re–Re(η2-H2) state prior to dissociating H2.
Low-temperature synthesis of superconducting iron selenide using a triphenylphosphine flux
Authors: Fallon M. Jewels , Martinolich Andrew J. , Maughan Annalise E. , Gallington Leighanne C. , Neilson James R.
Published: October 2019

A low-temperature synthesis of iron selenide using molten triphenylphosphine demonstrates the use of an organic flux in solid-state synthesis.
Janus Ag/Ag2S beads as efficient photothermal agents for the eradication of inflammation and artery stenosis
Authors: Peng Xuan , Liu Junchao , Li Bo , Guan Guoqiang , Zhang Wenlong , Huang Xiaojuan , Chen Yusheng , Zou Rujia , Lu Xinwu , Hu Junqing
Published: October 2019

Janus Ag/Ag2S beads with enhanced photothermal conversion ability and good biosafety ablate macrophages from the original state of artery inflammation.
Polarization-insensitive colorful meta-holography employing anisotropic nanostructures
Authors: Zhang Xiaohu , Tang Dongliang , Zhou Li , Jiao Jiao , Feng Danqi , Liang Gaofeng , Guo Yongcai
Published: October 2019

A polarization-insensitive colorful meta-hologram was realized using anisotropic elliptical nanoholes.
Metal-free propargylation/aza-annulation approach to substituted β-carbolines and evaluation of their photophysical properties
Authors: Reddy Chada Raji , Aila Mounika , Sathish Puppala , Mrinalini Madoori , Giribabu Lingamallu , Prasanthkumar Seelam , Grée René
Published: October 2019

One-pot synthesis of diversely substituted β-carbolines starting from propargylic alcohols and indole 2-carbonyls is described. Computational and photophysical studies of the products have also been studied.
Cu-Catalysed oxidative amidation of cinnamic acids/arylacetic acids with 2° amines: an efficient synthesis of α-ketoamides
Authors: Sharma Anup Kumar , Jaiswal Anjali , Singh Krishna Nand
Published: October 2019

Copper-catalysed decarboxylation/oxidative amidation of cinnamic acids and oxidative amidation of arylacetic acids with 2° amines have been developed leading to the formation of α-ketoamides.
A predictive framework for mixing low dispersity polymer samples to design custom molecular weight distributions
Authors: Rubens Maarten , Junkers Tanja
Published: October 2019

Predicting the shape and properties of artificial molecular weight distributions from mixing individual polymer distributions.
Catalyst-free, aza-Michael polymerization of hydrazides: polymerizability, kinetics, and mechanistic origin of an α-effect
Authors: Love Dillon , Kim Kangmin , Domaille Dylan W. , Williams Olivia , Stansbury Jeffrey , Musgrave Charles , Bowman Christopher
Published: October 2019

α-Effect observed in unsubstituted hydrazide nucleophiles imbues highly efficient bis-addition reactivity in the aza-Michael reaction of hydrazides, in contrast to primary alkyl amines.
Understanding copolymerisation kinetics for the design of functional copolymers via free radical polymerisation
Authors: Boulding Natasha A. , Millican Jonathan M. , Hutchings Lian R.
Published: October 2019

We report the free radical copolymerisation kinetics and co-monomer sequence distribution for a series of functional copolymers based on MMA.
Evaluation of two aza-crown ether-based multiple diglycolamide-containing ligands for complexation with the tetravalent actinide ions Np4+ and Pu4+: extraction and DFT studies
Authors: Ansari Seraj A. , Bhattacharyya Arunasis , Mohapatra Prasanta K. , Egberink Richard J. M. , Huskens Jurriaan , Verboom Willem
Published: October 2019

Two multiple diglycolamide (DGA)-containing aza-crown ether ether-based extractants were evaluated for the extraction of the tetravalent actinide ions Np4+ and Pu4+.
Highly stereoselective gram scale synthesis of all the four diastereoisomers of Boc-protected 4-methylproline carboxylates
Authors: Sun Kehuan , Tao Cheng , Long Bohua , Zeng Xiaobin , Wu Zhengzhi , Zhang Ronghua
Published: October 2019

A general and practical synthetic process for all the four diastereoisomers of Boc-protected 4-methylproline carboxylates has been developed with essentially complete stereoselectivity on gram scale.
Single molecule sensing of amyloid-β aggregation by confined glass nanopores
Authors: Yu Ru-Jia , Lu Si-Min , Xu Su-Wen , Li Yuan-Jie , Xu Qun , Ying Yi-Lun , Long Yi-Tao
Published: October 2019

We have employed glass nanopore as a single molecule technique for direct sensing amyloidosis process of Aβ1–42 peptide, which of great significance in Alzheimer's disease.
Probing the reversibility and kinetics of Li+ during SEI formation and (de)intercalation on edge plane graphite using ion-sensitive scanning electrochemical microscopy
Authors: Gossage Zachary T. , Hui Jingshu , Zeng Yunxiong , Flores-Zuleta Heriberto , Rodríguez-López Joaquín
Published: October 2019

Tracking down Li+ flux during complex ion intercalation processes on a battery interface.
Implantable cathodic voltage controlled electrical stimulator
Authors: Weeks K. , Clark C. , Tobias M. , McDermott E. , Duquin T. , Ehrensberger M. , Titus A.H.
Published: October 2019

This work reports the first of its kind custom implantable cathodic voltage controlled electrical stimulator (iCVCES) for use with implanted orthopaedic devices. The iCVCES allows researchers to study DC cathodic voltage controlled electrical stimulation (CVCES) in vivo with no percutaneous leads. The iCVCES is a microcontroller‐based potentiostat circuit with wireless (bluetooth) communication that controls the DC cathodic stimulation and monitors the environment around the implant. Comprising a single PCB with a coin cell battery, the device is able to hold a constant voltage as large as −1.8 V in a dynamic impedance environment. In vitro tests demonstrate functionality comparable to bench‐top systems, and in vivo tests demonstrate operation in live rats, for up to 8 days, with the ability to provide constant stimulation with a maximum variation of 2 mV.
Piezoelectric performance improvement of ScAlN film and two‐port SAW resonator application
Authors: Dong Kaifei , Wang Fang , Deng Meng , Yan Shuo , Zhang Kailiang
Published: October 2019

Highly c‐axis‐oriented scandium‐doped aluminium nitride films (ScAlN) were prepared on platinum substrates by DC magnetron sputtering. The effect of sputtering power on the crystal quality and piezoelectric properties of ScAlN thin film was investigated. The test results show that the piezoelectric properties of the ScAlN film first strengthen and then weaken with the increase of sputtering power, and the optimal piezoelectric properties are obtained under the condition of 180 W. Furthermore, a surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonator with an interdigital transducer width of 500 nm was fabricated by electron beam lithography. The SAW device exhibits a resonant frequency of 1.887 GHz and a quality factor (Q) of 170.8.
Impact of Doppler shift error on least‐squares MIMO channel estimation for high‐speed railway
Authors: Zakia Irma , Kurniawan Adit , Iskandar
Published: October 2019

Owing to the availability of Doppler shift measurement and the existence of dominant line‐of‐sight (LOS) path in high‐speed railway (HSR) communications, Doppler shift is often pre‐compensated on the received signal before performing further processing. In this study, the authors address the impact of erroneous Doppler shift measurement on the tracking performance of least‐squares multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) channel estimation for HSR. The closed‐form tracking mean‐square error (MSE) is derived over time‐varying Rician fading channel assuming Gaussian distributed Doppler shift measurement. By transforming the Gaussian distributed measurement into its characteristic function and performing approximations with practical considerations, the tracking MSE of the approach with Doppler shift pre‐compensation is written as a function of that with no pre‐compensation, contributed from the previous research. Accordingly, they are able to develop a simple relation between MSE gain and MSE loss for channels with dominant LOS path. It is revealed that erroneous Doppler shift measurement impacts stronger LOS or faster time‐varying channel more severely. However, if the measurement is perfect, the presence of a dominant LOS path provides tremendous gain approximately equal to the Rician factor in high signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) regime.
Physical layer security using an adaptive modulation scheme for improved confidentiality
Authors: Loganathan Lavanya Dhamodhar , Rengaraj Ramaprabha , Konganathan Gunaseelan , Varatharajan Vaishnavi
Published: October 2019

Establishing secured communication among the intended users of wireless networks is a major concern. Especially, providing confidentiality is a critical requirement in a wireless communication system which is more susceptible to eavesdroppers. Prevailing cryptographic methods were proven to meet the security needs to some extent. Sophisticated encryption techniques cannot be always deployed in wireless devices, where the resources are limited. However, physical layer security is recently emerging into a promising paradigm to aid security in wireless networks by exploiting the dynamics of wireless channel. In this study, a physical layer security technique was proposed to enhance confidentiality which selects the modulation type adaptively, based on both channel signal‐to‐noise ratio and phase between transmitter and receiver. The performance of the proposed technique is evaluated for two types of eavesdroppers such as random and intelligent attackers through simulations. The proposed method improves confidentiality and throughput while maintaining the targeted symbol error rate than the existing algorithms.
On‐demand data forwarding in mobile opportunistic networks: backbone‐based approach
Authors: Zhang Xiaomei , Luo Shuyun
Published: October 2019

Mobile opportunistic networks have been exploited for data forwarding and data offloading in many network scenarios, like the mobile edge networks, due to its low cost and high robustness. Existing data forwarding strategies exploit all available network resources to forward data in a ‘best‐effort’ manner. However, they ignore data's heterogeneous delay constraints and may ineffectively assign network resources, resulting in ineffective data forwarding. In this study, the authors improve the existing strategies by proposing a backbone‐based on‐demand data forwarding strategy, which assign network resources to data items on‐demand, according to their delay requirements. Specifically, they first propose an algorithm to extract a backbone structure in the network, where nodes in the backbone structure are responsible for the data forwarding in the whole network. Then, on‐demand data forwarding is formalised as an optimisation problem, which selects the minimum number of paths from the backbone to ensure data are delivered on time with high confidence. To address this problem, a path elimination process and a path selection algorithm are proposed to select highly‐independent paths according to the delay requirements of data. Evaluation results show that the proposed on‐demand strategy can significantly improve the performance of data forwarding in mobile opportunistic networks.