bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluación formativa en educación básica: Revisión descriptiva
Authors: Silva-Escalante Fanny
Published: January 2023

El resultado de la evaluación se conoce a través del logro de las competencias, y es allí cuando el tema de la evaluación formativa cobra importancia. La finalidad de este artículo de revisión es determinar la concepción de evaluación formativa, finalidad, procesos e instrumentos que utilizan los docentes de la educación básica en sus sesiones. Para lograr esto se ha recopilado información expresada en artículos científicos publicados en diversas revistas digitales, con antigüedad no mayor a cinco años, es así que luego de seleccionar 60 artículos y aplicar criterios de exclusión se trabajó con 36 de ellos, pues cumplen con los objetivos y preguntas orientadoras del trabajo; además, se analizó documentos emanados del Ministerio de Educación del Perú, mencionándose al Currículo Nacional y la normatividad vigente. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que los docentes conocen teóricamente la evaluación formativa y reconocen sus beneficios y la necesidad de ser aplicadas en instituciones dedicadas a la educación; del mismo modo reconocen que la retroalimentación beneficia a los estudiantes, pero muchos trabajos de los investigadores muestran que la formación tradicionalista de los docentes les impide aplicarla y menos de acuerdo a las necesidades verdaderas de los estudiantes. Se reconoce que los procesos de autoevaluación, coevaluación, y heteroevaluación benefician a los estudiantes, pero que falta implementarlos al igual que los instrumentos que aplican para tener evidencia del desempeño real de los estudiantes.
P-Wave Duration and Interatrial Conduction Abnormalities in Paroxysmal and Persistent Typical Atrial Flutter
Authors: ŚLIMAK J , MERCIK J , UNKELL M , ZAWADZKI G , RADZIEJEWSKA J , GAJEK J
Published: January 2023

Functional and structural changes, the enlargement of the right atrium is the background for the development of typical atrial flutter (AFL). These changes in ECG are manifested in the morphology of the initial part of the P-wave. The aim of the study was to assess the duration and morphology of the P-wave in patients with paroxysmal and persistent AFL. The study population consisted of 131 patients with AFL, 38 women and 93 men aged 66 years (60-72), divided in 62 patients with paroxysmal and 69 with persistent AFL. P-wave duration was measured with an electrophysiological system in all leads at a paper speed of 200 mm/s. The groups did differ in terms of gender (38/24 vs. 55/14, (M/F), p=0.033). Patients with persistent AF had a longer P-wave duration – 175±26.3 ms vs. 159±22.6 ms, p=0.01, and higher creatinine concentration – 1.2±0.60 mg/dl vs. 1.08±0.68 mg/dl, p=0.007. The presence and severity of interatrial conduction block (I-none, II-partial, III-total) was related to age of the patients (60.3±12.1 vs. 64.7±-8.3 vs. 68.9±9.5 years, respectively). Patients with persistent AFL show a longer P-wave compared to paroxysmal AFL, regardless of comorbidities and antiarrhythmic drugs. The arrhythmia-related longer P-wave duration should encourage the clinicians to restore sinus rhythm earlier in order to more effectively maintain it over the long term.
Aluminum Oxide and Zinc Oxide Induced Nanotoxicity in Rat Brain, Heart, and Lung
Authors: YOUSEF M , ROYCHOUDHURY S , JAFAAR K , SLAMA P , KESARI K , KAMEL M
Published: January 2023

Nanomaterials or nanoparticles are commonly used in the cosmetics, medicine, and food industries. Many researchers studied the possible side effects of several nanoparticles including aluminum oxide (Al2O3-nps) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-nps). Although, there is limited information available on their direct or side effects, especially on the brain, heart, and lung functions. This study aimed to investigate the neurotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, and lung toxicity induced by Al2O3-nps and ZnO-nps or in combination via studying changes in gene expression, alteration in cytokine production, tumor suppressor protein p53, neurotransmitters, oxidative stress, and the histological and morphological changes. Obtained results showed that Al2O3-nps, ZnO-nps and their combination cause an increase in 8-hydroxy-2´-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), cytokines, p53, oxidative stress, creatine kinase, norepinephrine, acetylcholine (ACh), and lipid profile. Moreover, significant changes in the gene expression of mitochondrial transcription factor-A (mtTFA) and peroxisome proliferator activator receptor-gamma-coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) were also noted. On the other hand, a significant decrease in the levels of antioxidant enzymes, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), reduced glutathione (GSH), paraoxonase 1 (PON1), neurotransmitters (dopamine – DA, and serotonin – SER), and the activity of acetylcholine esterase (AChE) in the brain, heart, and lung were found. Additionally, these results were confirmed by histological examinations. The present study revealed that the toxic effects were more when these nanoparticle doses are used in combination. Thus, Al2O3-nps and ZnO-nps may behave as neurotoxic, cardiotoxic, and lung toxic, especially upon exposure to rats in combination.
Uluslararası Televizyon Akışının Platformlaşması Bağlamında Avrupa’da Kamu Hizmeti Yayıncılığının Dönüşümü ve TRT
Authors: İLASLAN Süleyman , SÜMER Burcu
Published: January 2023

Televizyon endüstrisinin hızlı bir biçimde değişen yapısı içerik üretimi ve dağıtımı konusunda uluslararasılaşan bir ortamı hâkim kılmaktadır. Geleneksel televizyon kanallarından yeni medya yayıncılarına ve küresel dijital platformlara kadar birçok aktörün rol oynadığı bu süreçte uluslararası dolaşıma giren içeriklere odaklanan akış tartışmaları da yeniden belirginleşmektedir. Bu kapsamda, son yıllarda özellikle Avrupa’da uluslararası yapıya da hâkim olan piyasa ilişkileri ve ticari yayıncılık karşısında kamu hizmeti yayıncılarının kendilerini nasıl konumlandırdıkları ve tanımladıkları önemli bir araştırma konusu olarak belirmektedir. Bu çalışmada da temel olarak Avrupa’daki tartışma ve analizlerden hareketle, Türkiye’de son yıllarda küresel dijital platformlar kapsamında giderek belirginleşen hâkim uluslararası akış karşısında TRT’nin uluslararasılaşma pratikleri ve kendisini kamu hizmeti yayıncısı olarak nasıl yeniden konumlandırdığı analiz edilmiştir. Bu analiz için temel veri kaynakları olarak, bu konudaki kamusal tartışmalara ulaşılan dijital gazete arşivleri ve düzenlemelere, sektör yapısına ve TRT faaliyetlerine dair bilgilere ulaşılan resmi raporlar kullanılmıştır. Ulaşılan veriler eleştirel ekonomi politik yaklaşımın sağlamış olduğu kuramsal zemine yaslanarak nitel belge analizi yöntemi ile çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda son yıllarda küresel dijital platformlar temelinde televizyon sektöründe belirginleşen uluslararası akış dinamiklerinin Avrupa’da olduğu gibi Türkiye’de de görünür olduğu ve tıpkı Avrupa’daki kamu hizmeti yayıncıları gibi TRT’nin de bu hâkim yapıyla rekabet etmek zorunda kaldığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu kapsamda, Avrupa’da yükselen kültürel korumacı politikalar temelinde kamu hizmeti yayıncılarına yüklenen kritik rolün Türkiye’nin özgül koşullarında TRT özelinde de ortaya çıktığı görülmüştür. TRT’nin kamu hizmeti yayıncılığını “milli ve kültürel değerler” vurgusu etrafında yeniden tanımlayarak kendisini sektörde önemli bir aktör olarak konumlandırmaya çalışması bu özgül koşullar temelinde analiz edilmiştir.
Bosanski jezik i bosnistika u Mađarskoj
Authors: Dudás Előd
Published: January 2023

The article presents the presence of the Bosnian language and Bosnian studies in Hungary. It discusses in detail the meaning, history and beginnings of the ethnonym Bosnian, which dates back to the 19th century. After the fall of the AustroHungarian Monarchy, the first independent South Slavic state was established, which brought not only political and economic changes, but also language and language policy changes. Post-World War II Yugoslavia was characterized by linguistic unification, which took place in the Serbo-Croatian language. The Hungarian scientific and non-scientific public faithfully followed the Yugoslav terminology, so there was no mention of the Bosnian language at all. After the breakup of Yugoslavia, a new language situation arose, which was interpreted by István Nyomárkay for the Hungarian academic public. However, information about the Bosnian language in Hungarian sources is still almost unavailable, from which it follows that there are no Bosnian studies in Hungary.
O jednom bosnevijskom rukopisu iz porodične biblioteke Abdulaha ef. Maglajlije iz Rudog
Authors: Hodžić Jasmin , Musić Elvir
Published: January 2023

Mustafa Maglajlija, son of Abdulah (an imam from Rudo) donated to us the Bosnevian manuscript ”Insansko stanje u času smrtnog nastupanja” (eng. The state of the Human when Death Strikes). Abdulah Maglajlija is known for his service in Foča and Rudo. He was also a correspondent for the Gazette of the Islamic Community and Preporod. Mid-twentieth century, during his service in Foča, Abdulah Maglajlija donated a diwan manuscript by Abdurrahman Džami to the Library of the Gazi Husrev Bey Madrasah in Sarajevo (1953). Moreover, he was one of the first amongst the more contemporary ulema (Muslim scholar) who had written an article on the Prophet Muhammed (in the 1957 Gazette issue). The Bosnevian manuscript ”Insansko stanje u času smrtnog nastupanja” is a 15-page long text in verse form, in approximately A5 format, written in hendecasyllabic verse, in reformed Arebica (use of Arabic script for writing in Bosnian), available as a copy from unknown origin. It also contains subheadings, such as: ”Dušini povici nakon izlaska iz tijela” (Eng. The soul’s cries after leaving the body) (page 5), ”Stanje zemlje đe će se insan ukopati govori” (Eng. The state of the soil where the human is buried speaks) (page 13), or ”Stanje kabura govori” (Eng. The state of the grave speaks) (page 15). The manuscript contains even miniature illustrations before each subheading (1: the place where the corpse is prepared, with a pronounced ewer, page 5; 2: the corpse wrapped in plain cloth (the Kafan), page 12; 3: grave with headstone, page 14). The manuscript’s authorship/localization may be determined more precisely based on its characteristic linguistic features: najdoh (nađoh, Eng. found), izajde (izađe, Eng. went out), izide (iziđe, Eng. went out), unide (uniđe, Eng. went in), postavit (postavljen, Eng. placed), vaske (vas, Eng. plural form of ”you”), etc. The final verses ”zato uv’jek viči la ilahe illallah” (Eng. So always shout La Ilaha Illa Allah) Abdulah compiled trigger further reflections about the possible authorship of the poem, its composition (compilation, success in translation and the like), and/or transcript of a larger integral textual form of which ”Insansko stanje” is just one possible part.
O dosadašnjem proučavanju bosanske frazeologije
Authors: Hodžić-Čavkić Azra
Published: January 2023

Bosnian phraseology is a young discipline if we take Tanović’s “Phraseology of Bosnian Language” (2000) as a foundation book. However, its practical and theoretical maturity is not proportional to her youth. Bosnian phraseology is filled with papers that show strong interest in the phraseological fund of the Bosnian Language, but also motivates phraseologists. Number of papers deal with comparing Bosnian phraseology to another language phraseology. However, there are a significant number of papers that apply modern methods of cognitive linguistics. In this paper we deal with the features of some papers which we consider to belong to the field of phraseology of Bosnian language.
Ethnography of Chinese Dance Etiquette Culture and Aesthetic Value
Authors: YAN QIUYI , Wang Xiaolin , Ronnell D Dela Rosa
Published: January 2023

In the Chinese dance art, the contained etiquette culture and aesthetic value make this art become an important carrier to inherit the traditional culture of the Chinese nation.This paper takes the "Music," "Dance," "Ritual," and "Aesthetic" of Chinese traditional dance as the research viewpoint to explore the modern value of Chinese traditional dance aesthetics and the etiquette and cultural connotation of literature data method, field analysis, image, and video data analysis.
Competitiveness and symbiotic efficiency in alfalfa of Rhizobium favelukesii ORY1 strain in which homologous genes of peptidases HrrP and SapA that negatively affect symbiosis were identified
Authors: Berais-Rubio Andrés , Morel Revetria María A. , Giménez Matías , Signorelli Santiago , Monza Jorge
Published: January 2023

In acid soils, Rhizobium favelukesii strains, known as Oregon-like strains, are a potential risk for alfalfa production given their parasitic behaviour. In this study, we isolated five parasitic strains (ORY1 to ORY5) from alfalfa nodules grown in Uruguayan acid soils, with a 99.7% and a 100% 16S rRNA gene sequence identity to R. favelukesii type strain of LUP83. The BOX profiles of the five isolates showed two different patterns, suggesting some diversity among these acid-tolerant isolates. The genome sequence analysis of R. favelukesii strains ORY1, LPU83, and Or191 showed that they have around 87.5% of common coding genes, including the symbiotic genes. Moreover, the phylogenetic analysis of ORY1 symbiotic genes nifH, nifD, nifK, nodA, nodB, and nodD were related to the symbiotic genes of E. meliloti. We teste ORY1 competitiveness by inoculating seeds with 99:1 and 1:99 ratios of ORY1::gusA/E. meliloti U143. In both treatments, ORY1::gusA occupied more than 50% of nodules, evidencing its high competitiveness. However, the aerial biomass in these treatments was remarkably different, suggesting that the nodules induced by the efficient strain are essential to provide enough N for optimal plant growth. These findings support the needing of inoculating in areas where inefficient strains are likely to be present. Finally, we found three genes that encode amino acid sequences for domains of M16 peptidases (with homology to bacterial hrrP and sapA genes), two of them were contiguous and located in an accessory plasmid, whereas the other one was a chromosomal gene. These genes are likely to be involved in the parasitic behaviour of ORY1 strain.
Numerical treatment of singularly perturbed unsteady Burger-Huxley equation
Authors: Daba Imiru Takele , Duressa Gemechis File
Published: January 2023

This article deals with the numerical treatment of a singularly perturbed unsteady Burger-Huxley equation. The equation is linearized using the Newton-Raphson-Kantorovich approximation method. The resulting linear equation is discretized using the implicit Euler method and an exponential spline method for time and space variables, respectively. Richardson's extrapolation technique is employed to increase the accuracy in the temporal direction. The stability and uniform convergence of the proposed scheme are investigated. The scheme is shown uniformly convergent with the order of convergence O(τ + ℓ2) and O(τ2 + ℓ2) before and after Richardson extrapolation, respectively. Several test examples are considered to validate the applicability and efficiency of the scheme. It is observed that the proposed scheme provides more accurate results than the methods available in the literature.
Peptide-based coacervates in therapeutic applications
Authors: Ma Lilusi , Fang Xiaocui , Wang Chen
Published: January 2023

Coacervates are droplets formed by liquid‒liquid phase separation. An increasing number of studies have reported that coacervates play an important role in living cells, such as in the generation of membraneless organelles, and peptides contribute to condensate droplet formation. Peptides with versatile functional groups and special secondary structures, including α-helices, β-sheets and intrinsically disordered regions, provide novel insights into coacervation, such as biomimetic protocells, neurodegenerative diseases, modulations of signal transmission, and drug delivery systems. In this review, we introduce different types of peptide-based coacervates and the principles of their interactions. Additionally, we summarize the thermodynamic and kinetic mechanisms of peptide-based coacervates and the associated factors, including salt, pH, and temperature, affecting the phase separation process. We illustrate recent studies on modulating the functions of peptide-based coacervates applied in biological diseases. Finally, we propose their promising broad applications and describe the challenges of peptide-based coacervates in the future.
A review of concrete 3D printed structural members
Authors: Raphael Benny , Senthilnathan Shanmugaraj , Patel Abhishek , Bhat Saqib
Published: January 2023

Concrete 3D Printing (3DP) is a potential technology for increasing automation and introducing digital fabrication in the construction industry. Concrete 3D Printing provides a significant advantage over conventional or precast methods, such as the prospects of topologically optimized designs and integrating functional components within the structural volume of the building components. Many previous studies have compiled state-of-art studies in design parameters, mix properties, robotic technologies, and reinforcement strategies in 3D printed elements. However, there is no literature review on using concrete 3D Printing technology to fabricate structural load-carrying elements and systems. As concrete 3DP is shifting towards a large-scale construction technology paradigm, it is essential to understand the current studies on structural members and focus on future studies to improve further. A systematic literature review process is adopted in this study, where relevant publications are searched and analyzed to answer a set of well-defined research questions. The review is structured by categorizing the publications based on issues/problems associated with structural members and the recent technology solutions developed. It gives an overall view of the studies, which is still in its nascent stage, and the areas which require future focus on 3D printing technology in large-scale construction projects.
Comprehending the dynamism of B chromosomes in their journey towards becoming unselfish
Authors: Rajpal Vijay Rani , Sharma Suman , Sehgal Deepmala , Sharma Prashansa , Wadhwa Nikita , Dhakate Priyanka , Chandra Atika , Thakur Rakesh Kr. , Deb Sohini , Rama Rao Satyawada , Mir Bilal Ahmad , Raina Soom Nath
Published: January 2023

Investigated for more than a century now, B chromosomes (Bs) research has come a long way from Bs being considered parasitic or neutral to becoming unselfish and bringing benefits to their hosts. B chromosomes exist as accessory chromosomes along with the standard A chromosomes (As) across eukaryotic taxa. Represented singly or in multiple copies, B chromosomes are largely heterochromatic but also contain euchromatic and organellar segments. Although B chromosomes are derived entities, they follow their species-specific evolutionary pattern. B chromosomes fail to pair with the standard chromosomes during meiosis and vary in their number, size, composition and structure across taxa and ensure their successful transmission through non-mendelian mechanisms like mitotic, pre-meiotic, meiotic or post-meiotic drives, unique non-disjunction, self-pairing or even imparting benefits to the host when they lack drive. B chromosomes have been associated with cellular processes like sex determination, pathogenicity, resistance to pathogens, phenotypic effects, and differential gene expression. With the advancements in B-omics research, novel insights have been gleaned on their functions, some of which have been associated with the regulation of gene expression of A chromosomes through increased expression of miRNAs or differential expression of transposable elements located on them. The next-generation sequencing and emerging technologies will further likely unravel the cellular, molecular and functional behaviour of these enigmatic entities. Amidst the extensive fluidity shown by B chromosomes in their structural and functional attributes, we perceive that the existence and survival of B chromosomes in the populations most likely seem to be a trade-off between the drive efficiency and adaptive significance versus their adverse effects on reproduction.
Boost dynamic protocols for producing mammalian biopharmaceuticals with intensified DoE—a practical guide to analyses with OLS and hybrid modeling
Authors: Nold V. , Junghans L. , Bayer B. , Bisgen L. , Duerkop M. , Drerup R. , Presser B. , Schwab T. , Bluhmki E. , Wieschalka S. , Knapp B.
Published: January 2023

Introduction: For the implementation of robust bioprocesses, understanding of temporal cell behavior with respect to relevant inputs is crucial. Intensified Design of Experiments (iDoE) is an efficient tool to assess the joint influence of input parameters by including intra-experimental changes.

Methods: We applied iDoE to the production phase of a monoclonal antibody in a mammalian bioprocess. The multidimensional design space spanned by temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), timing of change, and growth category was investigated in 12 cultivations. We built ordinary least squares (OLS) and hybrid models (HM) on the iDoE-data, validated them with classical DoE (cDoE)-derived data, and used the models as in silico representation for process optimization.

Results: If the complexity of interactions between changing setpoints of inputs is sufficiently captured during planning and modeling, iDoE proved to be valid for characterizing the mammalian biopharmaceutical production phase. For local behavior and flexible composition of optimization goals, OLS regressions can easily be implemented. To predict global and interconnected dynamics while incorporating mass balances, HM holds potential.

Discussion: iDoE will boost protocols that optimize inputs for different bioprocess phases. The described key aspects of OLS- and HM-based analyses of iDoE-data shall guide future applications during manufacturing.
The function and mechanism of action of uterine microecology in pregnancy immunity and its complications
Authors: Shen Liping , Wang Weiwei , Hou Weiwei , Jiang Chenfei , Yuan Yi , Hu Liqing , Shang Anquan
Published: January 2023

The human microbiota influences physiology, disease, and metabolic reproduction. The origin of uterine bacteria is controversial. The main assumption is that the germs enter the uterine cavity from the vagina through the cervical canal, bloodstream, fallopian tubes, and gynecological surgical channels. Understanding the microbiota at various anatomical sites is critical to the female reproductive system and pregnancy. Today’s study focuses on the role of uterine bacteria in pregnancy and embryo implantation. According to our findings, the uterine microbiome influences embryo implantation and pregnancy outcome. Pregnancy is a natural, evolutionarily selected approach to human reproduction. During pregnancy, the microbiota of the reproductive tract changes, facilitating the maintenance of pregnancy, and the human immune system undergoes a series of changes that recognize and adapt to the non-self. From the beginning of pregnancy, a non-self fetus must establish a placenta of embryonic origin to protect itself and promote growth; the VMB tends to be more stable and lactobacillus-dominated in late gestation than in early gestation. Any material that disrupts this connection, such as microbial changes, is associated with a higher risk of poor health and poor pregnancy outcomes in women (eclampsia). The presence of any material that disrupts this connection, such as microbial changes, is associated with a higher risk of poor health and poor pregnancy outcomes (preeclampsia, preterm birth, gestational diabetes, etc.). In this work, we review the last decade of relevant research to improve our understanding of the mechanisms by which the microbiota of the female reproductive tract influences female reproductive health. This work discusses the mechanisms associated with the reproductive tract microbiota and pregnancy immunity, as well as the impact of an abnormal microbiota on adverse pregnancy outcomes. Emphasis is placed on the characteristics and sources of the female vaginal, uterine, and placental microbiota and the importance of a well-stabilized local human microbiota and immune system for embryo implantation, placental development, fetal growth, and pregnancy outcome.
Roles of vaginal flora in human papillomavirus infection, virus persistence and clearance
Authors: Zeng Mi , Li Xin , Jiao Xiaoyang , Cai Xiaochun , Yao Fen , Xu Shaomin , Huang Xiaoshan , Zhang Qiaoxin , Chen Jianqiang
Published: January 2023

Vaginal flora plays a vital role in human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and progression to cancer. To reveal a role of the vaginal flora in HPV persistence and clearance, 90 patients with HPV infection and 45 healthy individuals were enrolled in this study and their vaginal flora were analyzed. Women with HPV infection were treated with Lactobacillus in the vaginal environment as a supplement to interferon therapy. Our results indicated that patients with high risk HPV (Hr-HPV) 16/18 infection had a significantly higher alpha diversity compared with the healthy control (p < 0.01), while there was no significant difference between the non-Hr-HPV16/18 group and the controls (p > 0.05). Patients with multiple HPV infection had insignificantly higher alpha diversity compared with single HPV infection (p > 0.05). The vaginal flora of patients with HPV infection exhibited different compositions when compared to the healthy controls. The dominant bacteria with the highest prevalence in HPV-positive group were Lactobacillus iners (n = 49, 54.44%), and the top 3 dominant bacteria in the HPV-persistent group were Lactobacillus iners (n = 34, 53.13%), Sneathia amnii (n = 9, 14.06%), and Lactobacillus delbrueckii (n = 3, 4.69%). Patients with HPV clearance had significantly lower alpha diversity, and the flora pattern was also different between groups displaying HPV clearance vs. persistence. The patients with persistent HPV infection had significantly higher levels of Bacteroidaceae, Erysipelotrichaceae, Helicobacteraceae, Neisseriaceae, Streptococcaceae (family level), and Fusobacterium, Bacteroides, Neisseria, and Helicobacter (genus level) than patients who had cleared HPV (p < 0.05).

Importance

Our study revealed differences in vaginal flora patterns are associated with HPV persistence and its clearance. Interferon plus probiotics can greatly improve virus clearance in some patients. Distinguishing bacterial features associated with HPV clearance in patients would be helpful for early intervention and reverse persistent infection.
Parasitoid-mediated horizontal transmission of Rickettsia between whiteflies
Authors: Liu Yuan , He Zi-Qi , Wen Qin , Peng Jing , Zhou Yu-Tong , Mandour Nasser , McKenzie Cindy L. , Ahmed Muhammad Z. , Qiu Bao-Li
Published: January 2023

Intracellular bacterial endosymbionts of arthropods are mainly transmitted vertically from mother to offspring, but phylogenetically distant insect hosts often harbor identical endosymbionts, indicating that horizontal transmission from one species to another occurs in nature. Here, we investigated the parasitoid Encarsia formosa-mediated horizontal transmission of the endosymbiont Rickettsia between different populations of whitefly Bemisia tabaci MEAM1. Rickettsia was successfully transmitted from the positive MEAM1 nymphs (R+) into E. formosa and retained at least for 48 h in E. formosa adults. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) visualization results revealed that the ovipositors, mouthparts, and digestive tract of parasitoid adults get contaminated with Rickettsia. Random non-lethal probing of Rickettisia-negative (R−) MEAM1 nymphs by these Rickettsia-carrying E. formosa resulted in newly infected MEAM1 nymphs, and the vertical transmission of Rickettsia within the recipient females can remain at least up to F3 generation. Further phylogenetic analyses revealed that Rickettsia had high fidelity during the horizontal transmission in whiteflies and parasitoids. Our findings may help to explain why Rickettsia bacteria are so abundant in arthropods and suggest that, in some insect species that shared the same parasitoids, Rickettsia may be maintained in populations by horizontal transmission.
Recontextualization practices: A scale of directness
Authors: Weizman Elda
Published: January 2023

I analyze Israel president Rivlin's 2020 speech delivered against the background of ongoing COVID-19 health threats and a severe political crisis, and its follow-ups in online news articles and in ordinary readers' comments on news sites and on Facebook. I examine the recontextualization practices used in this three-part discourse event, shedding light on their diversity and focusing on the degree of directness they manifest. Recontextualization is conceptualized as the strategic molding of situations and prior texts and their integration into another discourse through discursive practices. The analysis shows that the president recontextualizes the complex political and social crisis through the lens of the COVID-19 pandemic. He frames the pandemic in terms of its morbid, mythic, and moral dimensions, as well as its influence on various aspects of civil and political disorder. This connection is drawn through the juxtaposition of propositions and the shifts between the deliberative and the epidictic keyings, alluding to Jewish tradition, prayers, and blessings. Through the use of the inclusive “we,” he self-positions as a leader on a par with ordinary people, whereas through direct demands formulated in the plural without personal naming he addresses his ratified addressees, the MPs and the ministers, and thus self-positions as an authority demanding accountability from the current leadership. The news articles in leading online media are short and partial, recontextualizing the speech and the situation through their titles, the selection of the extracts they chose to present and the very few evaluations they make. They mostly take up the president's moral framing and some of his explicit demands for political accountability. The commenters mostly follow up on the moral framing and the mythic dimensions proposed by the president but offer a different perspective on these issues. They shift the responsibility for “losing the compass” from the collective “we” advocated by the president to the politicians including the president, and they ironically echo the epidictic keying in order to challenge and even ridicule it. They further add another dimension to the speech event, by framing the president's speech as politically biased. The discursive patterns used all along this thread of discourses by all its participants range in degree of directness and recontextualize the object of talk, perspectives, keying and positionings.
Finding low CHA2DS2-VASc scores unreliable? Why not give morphological and hemodynamic methods a try?
Authors: Sun YiRen , Ling Yunfei , Chen Zijia , Wang Zhengjie , Li Tao , Tong Qi , Qian Yongjun
Published: January 2023

Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) suffer from a high risk of thrombosis. Currently, the CHA2DS2-VASc score is the most widely used tool for risk stratification in patients with AF, but it has disappointing accuracy and limited predictive value, especially in those with low scores. Thrombi in patients with AF mostly grow in their left atrial appendages (LAA), which is directly related to the abnormal morphology of the LAA or the left atrium and the unusual hemodynamic state around LAA, which may sensitively evaluate the risk of thrombosis complications in patients with AF and bring bases to clinical plans of medication and operation. Therefore, we investigated the research progress of hemodynamic and morphological studies about the predictive value of thrombosis risk in patients with AF, intending to discuss the prediction potential of morphological and hemodynamic indexes when compared with the presently used CHA2DS2-VASc system and how to build a more precise thromboembolic event prediction model for patients with AF.
How to interpret serum creatinine increases during decongestion
Authors: Chávez-Íñiguez Jonathan S. , Ivey-Miranda Juan B. , De la Vega-Mendez Frida M. , Borges-Vela Julian A.
Published: January 2023

During decongestion in acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF), it is common to observe elevations in serum creatinine (sCr) values due to vascular congestion, a mechanism that involves increased central venous pressure that has a negative impact on the nephron, promoting greater absorption of water and sodium, increased interstitial pressure in an encapsulated organ developing “renal tamponade” which is one of main physiopathological mechanism associated with impaired kidney function. For the treatment of this syndrome, it is recommended to use diuretics that generate a high urinary output and natriuresis to decongest the venous system, during this process the sCr values can rise, a phenomenon that may bother some cardiologist and nephrologist, since raise the suspicion of kidney damage that could worsen the prognosis of these patients. It is recommended that increases of up to 0.5 mg/dL from baseline are acceptable, but some patients have higher increases, and we believe that an arbitrary number would be impractical for everyone. These increases in sCr may be related to changes in glomerular hemodynamics and true hypovolemia associated with decongestion, but it is unlikely that they are due to structural injury or truly hypoperfusion and may even have a positive connotation if accompanied by an effective decongestion and be associated with a better prognosis in the medium to long term with fewer major cardiovascular and renal events. In this review, we give a comprehensive point of view on the interpretation of creatinine elevation during decongestion in patients with ADHF.
Association of body mass index trajectory and hypertension risk: A systematic review of cohort studies and network meta-analysis of 89,094 participants
Authors: Tan Ling , Long Lin-zi , Ma Xiao-chang , Yang Wen-wen , Liao Fei-fei , Peng Yu-xuan , Lu Jie-ming , Shen A-ling , An Dong-qing , Qu Hua , Fu Chang-geng
Published: January 2023

Introduction

Body mass index (BMI) trajectories, such as non-linear time trends and nonlinear changes in BMI with age, can provide information on the underlying temporal health patterns. The relationship between BMI trajectories and the risk of hypertension remains controversial.

Methods

PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched from their inception to January 31, 2022. We categorized BMI trajectories as “Stable high,” “table normal,” “Stable low,” “Fluctuated (sharp increase),” and “Fluctuated (elevated-decrease).” The main outcome was the relative risk for the prevalence of hypertension in the different BMI trajectories. Potential sources of heterogeneity were examined using meta-regression and subgroup analysis. A publication bias test and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach were also used.

Results

The 18 cohort studies included 89,094 participants. Compared with the “Stable normal” trajectory, “Stable high,” “Fluctuated (sharp increase),” and “Fluctuated (elevated-decrease)” trajectories were associated with an increased relative risk of hypertension: [RR (95% CI)]: 1.80 (1.29 2.50), p < 0.001; 1.53 (1.27 1.83), p < 0.001; 1.30 (1.24 1.37), p = 0.001, respectively. The “Stable low” trajectory was associated with a reduced risk of hypertension [0.83 (0.79 0.83), p < 0.001]. The “Stable high” trajectory (surface under the cumulative ranking curve = 88.1%) had the highest probability of developing hypertension in the population. The certainty of the evidence for direct comparisons of the incidence of hypertension between various BMI trajectories was generally very low.

Conclusion

Our findings suggested that “Stable high,” “Fluctuated (sharp increase),” and “Fluctuated (elevated-decrease)” trajectories were associated with an increased relative risk of hypertension, with the “Stable high” trajectory most likely associated with hypertension.

Systematic review registration

[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=308575], identifier [CRD42022308575].
Women physicians in cardiovascular magnetic resonance: Past, present, and future
Authors: Sierra-Galan Lilia M. , Aggarwal Niti R. , Stojanovska Jadranka , Raman Subha V. , Han Yuchi , Ferreira Vanessa M. , Thomas Katharine , Seiberlich Nicole , Parwani Purvi , Bucciarelli-Ducci Chiara , Baldassarre Lauren A. , Mavrogeni Sophie , Ordovas Karen , Schulz-Menger Jeanette , Bandettini W. Patricia
Published: January 2023

Women’s engagement in medicine, and more specifically cardiovascular imaging and cardiovascular MRI (CMR), has undergone a slow evolution over the past several decades. As a result, an increasing number of women have joined the cardiovascular imaging community to contribute their expertise. This collaborative work summarizes the barriers that women in cardiovascular imaging have overcome over the past several years, the positive interventions that have been implemented to better support women in the field of CMR, and the challenges that still remain, with a special emphasis on women physicians.
Intra-oceanic subduction in the southeastern Paleo-Asian ocean: Evidence from early Permian gabbro of the Diyanmiao ophiolite in central Inner Mongolia, North China
Authors: Zhang Xiawei , Li Yingjie , Wang Genhou , Wang Shuai , Kong Xingrui , Wang Xiaodong , Liu Zhibin
Published: January 2023

Investigation of intra-oceanic subduction can improve our understanding of plate tectonic processes and the history of continental growth. Evidence for intra-oceanic subduction in the Paleo-Asian Ocean has recently become an important focus of research, including the Diyanmiao ophiolite in central Inner Mongolia, North China. Here, we report a newly discovered occurrence of early Permian gabbro in the Diyanmiao ophiolite zone. The gabbro yields a weighted mean zircon U–Pb age of 294.4 ± 2.2 Ma. The gabbro samples are characterized by moderate SiO2 (47.32–50.51 wt%), low TiO2 (0.26–0.54 wt%) and K2O (0.04–0.75 wt%), and high Na2O (1.84–4.52 wt%) contents, high Na2O/K2O ratios (2.92–58.29), and depleted chondrite-normalized light rare Earth element patterns that are similar to N-MORB. The gabbros show slightly lower contents of high-field-strength elements (e.g., Nb, Ta, and Ti) and slightly higher contents of large-ion lithophile elements (e.g., K, Rb, Ba, and U) relative to N-MORB. In addition, the gabbros show high εNd (t) values (8.0–9.8) that are similar to those of forearc basalt in the Diyanmiao ophiolite and N-MORB. Integrating these new data with available results for ophiolite and arc-magmatic rocks of central Inner Mongolia, we propose that the studied gabbro was formed during the initial stage of intra-oceanic subduction and that the Paleo-Asian Ocean was still in a subduction setting during the early Permian.
Seismic response analysis of slope sites exposed to obliquely incident P waves
Authors: Jiao Hongyun , Xie Junju , Zhao Mi , Huang Jingqi , Du Xiuli , Wang Juke
Published: January 2023

This study proposes a seismic input method for layered slope sites exposed to obliquely-incident seismic waves which transforms the waves into equivalent nodal forces that act on the truncated boundary of a finite element model. The equivalent nodal forces at the left and right boundaries are obtained by combining the free field response of a one-dimensional layered model with a viscoelastic boundary. The equivalent nodal forces at the bottom boundary are obtained by combining the incident wave field with the viscoelastic boundary. This proposed seismic input method for slope sites exposed to obliquely incident seismic waves is implemented with the aid of MATLAB software; it is applied to the seismic response analysis of slope sites in the commercial finite element ABAQUS software. The calculation results are compared with the reference solutions obtained by using the extended model to verify the correctness of the established seismic input method. The proposed seismic input method is then employed to investigate the influencing factors of the seismic response of layered slope sites exposed to oblique incidence P waves. The results show that the angle of incidence, location of the interface between soft and hard rocks, and impedance ratio have significant effects on the seismic landslide.
Bearing capacity of driven pile and determination of inhomogeneous mudstone around the pile
Authors: Zhang Yamei , Sun Gan , Bai Xiaoyu , Sang Songkui , Han Jianyong , Yan Nan , Zhang Mingyi , Gao Xiaodong , Li Weiqi
Published: January 2023

Whether the inhomogeneity of mudstone foundation leads to abnormal bearing capacity of the driven pile remains controversial. This study introduces the standard penetration test hammering number and needle penetration strength for quantitative analysis by macroscopic observation of the engineering field on the mudstone stratum self-structure and microscopic observation by simple and feasible electronic magnification. The analysis of typical engineering examples demonstrated that the abnormal bearing capacity of piles in the mudstone stratum was related to mudstone inhomogeneity. This study also proposes a method of evaluating mudstone uniformity using the heterogeneous indexη, in whichη> 2 suggests the need for engineering measures. These findings assist in determining a reasonable solution to the problem of abnormal bearing capacity at driven piles in mudstone foundations.
Three-dimensional characterization and quantitative research of Malan loess microstructure under seismic loading
Authors: Wei Tingting , Wu Zhijian , Chen Yanping , Luo Liang
Published: January 2023

The deformation and failure of loess in areas of high seismic intensity are closely related to the dynamic vulnerability, which is primarily controlled by the loess microstructure. This study performed a series of dynamic triaxial tests and microstructure tests on intact loess to track and quantitatively characterize the evolution of the three-dimensional microstructure during deformation. The microstructural observations were performed using micro-CT on the samples after varying vibration times. The microstructure parameters (including pore radius, elongation, orientation, coordination number, pore throat area, and channel length) were obtained using a reconstructed pore network model. The results of this study demonstrated that the loess seismic subsidence originated from both compositional and microstructural characteristics. The intact loess had a loose structure with high porosity and limited cementation. Upon cyclic loading, cementation and contact breakdown led to the failure of the loess structure, followed by particle rearrangement. With increasing vibration times, the spaced and inter-aggregate pores became intra-aggregate pores, the pore throat size tended to decrease while the pore number tended to increase, the connectivity tended to weaken, and the shape tended to be long and flat. Pores >28 μm mainly provided spatial conditions for collapse deformation under seismic load. In addition, under the ultimate loading, large-volume cracks occurred inside the sample. The findings of this study provide further insights into loess seismic subsidence from the perspective of three-dimensional microstructures and a research basis for analyzing the stability of loess in relation to construction projects by combining finite and discrete elements.
Development characteristics of multi-scale fracture network systems in metamorphic buried hills
Authors: Mi Lijun , Fan Hongjun , Fan Tingen , Gong Lei , Niu Tao , Su Xiaocen , Luo Jianghua , Sun Yonghe
Published: January 2023

Natural fractures are regarded as important reservoir spaces and effective seepage channels at metamorphic buried hills. Continuous networks associated with multi-scale fractures with good connectivity is critical for high-quality reservoirs as well as high and stable production in the tight metamorphic rocks. The multi-scale fractures in Bozhong 19–6 metamorphic buried hills were well characterized through integrating image logs, cores, thin-sections, and scanning electron microscope, etc. After that, power-law distribution of multi-scale fractures was established to understand contribution of fractures to reservoir quality and figure out structure models of fracture networks as well as their impact on production. Results show that parameters of fracture systems vary regularly with fracture scales. Fracture development degree, e.g., cumulative areal density, increases as a power law function with decreasing fracture size from macro to micro (e.g., aperture and/or length), where storage space associated with micro fractures is also increased. Reversely, fracture connectivity and permeability follow a significant decreasing trend. Five structure models of fracture network were established based on combination pattern of multi-scale fractures: multi-scale fracture network with high-density and multi-sets, large-scale fracture network with medium-density and multi-sets, small-scale fracture network with high-density and multi-sets, large-scale fracture network with low-density and multi-sets, and small-scale fracture network with low-density and single-set. The former two fracture networks can be widely developed into high-quality reservoirs, contributing greatly to high and stable yields. Fracturing is required for the third and the fourth fracture networks to obtain stable production, while it is difficult for the fifth fracture network to obtain industrial oil and gas flow.
Student experience scale: Factor analysis in higher education institutions
Authors: Amado Mateus Marelby , Guzmán Rincón Alfredo , Cuero Acosta Yonni Angel
Published: January 2023

Introduction

In the context of higher education, the student experience (SX) has an important impact on student satisfaction and the perceived value of the training service received. For these reasons, higher education institutions (HEIs), which are focused on student-centred learning, need to know more about the experience that results from student interaction with the service and support systems that meet their needs in these institutions. However, despite the progress made in the analysis of SX, further research is still needed to know how to measure and manage it, and for this, it is essential to know the student’s perceptions.

Methods

For this reason, an SX scale was selected to have a suitable tool for experience management. Thus, the psychometric properties of the selected scale were evaluated in undergraduate students at two Colombian universities. The validation process consisted of an adaptation of the scale, a content validity analysis, an exploratory factor analysis and a confirmatory factor analysis.

Results

The results were satisfactory showing the reliability and validity of the student experience scale in the context of universities.

Discussion

Therefore, its cross-cultural goodness is confirmed in the student segment and it is suggested to perform this same process for other university audiences.