bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fertilization optimization algorithm on CEC2015 and large scale problems
Authors: Nasir Ghafil Hazim , Alsamia Shaymaa , Jármai Károly
Published: November 2021

This work, presents a novel optimizer called fertilization optimization algorithm, which is based on levy flight and random search within a search space. It is a biologically inspired algorithm by the fertilization of the egg in reproduction of mammals. The performance of the algorithm was compared with other optimization algorithms on CEC2015 time expensive benchmarks and large scale optimization problems. Remarkably, the fertilization optimization algorithm has overcome other optimizers in many cases and the examination and comparison results are encouraging to use the fertilization optimization algorithm in other possible applications.
Investigation of scours on a physical model of the Hričov weir using photogrammetry
Authors: Pavúček Martin , Rumann Ján , Dušička Peter
Published: November 2021

Scours creation in riverbed at the Hričov weir is a permanent problem since its construction. It is caused by the shortened stilling basin of the weir. In almost all cases of flow control at the weir the energy is not dissipated sufficiently. A 3D physical model was built in the hydraulic laboratory to investigate the measures for reduction of the scour creation. To simulate uneven loads on the downstream riverbed, a flood discharge controlled by the weir in symmetric and asymmetric operations was used for simulations. The scours were evaluated using short-range photogrammetry for contactless measurements. Based on this method digital models of the riverbed for each simulation were created and the scours were assessed to determine the effect of the investigated measures on scour reduction.
Dental Care Utilization Among Children Aged 1–17 Years: United States, 2019 and 2020
Authors: Adjaye-Gbewonyo Dzifa , Back Lindsey
Published: November 2021

This report uses data from the 2019 and 2020 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) to describe recent changes in the prevalence of dental examinations or cleanings in the past 12 months among children aged 1–17 years by selected sociodemographic characteristics.
DIFICULTADES DE ACCESO A EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR DE LOS ESTUDIANTES DEL GRADO 11 DE LA INSTITUCIÓN EDUCATIVA COLOMBIA DEL MUNICIPIO DE CAREPA
Authors: Díaz Pérez Indira , Moreno Ardila Mary , Díaz Vásquez Rafael
Published: November 2021

La presente investigación se enfocó en conocer las causas del bajo tránsito de los estudiantes de 11 grado del colegio Colombia, de Carepa (Antioquia) a la Educación Superior. El objetivo principal fue realizar el diagnóstico mediante la aplicación de un instrumento (Likert) a la población estudiada, compuesta por jóvenes pertenecientes a comunidades en su mayoría afrodescendientes y de escasos recursos, hijos de madres cabeza de familia, entornos conflictivos y con altos índices de violencia. El diagnóstico permitió evidenciar el interés de los jóvenes por continuar con los estudios superiores, la gran barrera por falta de recursos económicos y tecnológicos, así como la falta de ofertas académicas atractivas por parte de las universidades de la región. Además, se pudo constatar que debido a la falta de recursos muchos de los jóvenes se ven obligados a buscar opciones laborales inmediatas para poder subsistir día a día, con el riesgo de caer en redes ilegales de comercio. El fin último del proyecto es establecer alternativas conjuntas entre universidad, colegio y Estado que estimulen a los estudiantes a acceder a ofertas de educación superior y promuevan el tránsito inmediato mediante el acceso a becas y subvenciones, manejo de plataformas digitales, charlas de orientación vocacional, técnicas de estudio, aplicación de simulacros de pruebas Saber 11, la construcción de un aula de sistemas dotada de equipos necesarios y acceso a internet para, de esta manera, lograr suprimir los obstáculos digitales y tecnológicos observados en la institución educativa.
Review of Music for Women (Survivors of Violence): A Feminist Music Therapy Interactive eBook (2019) By Sandra L. Curtis
Authors: Hadley Susan J
Published: November 2021

This article is a review of Sandra L. Curtis' book, Music for Women (Survivors of Violence): A Feminist Music Therapy Interactive eBook (2019). Published by Barcelona Publishers, Dallas TX, USA. E-ISBN: 9781945411465
The Reliability and Validity of the Korean Version of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale Using Rasch Measurement Theory in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Choi Jin-Hyuk , Jeon Seongjin , Hong Seulgi , Kim Ahro , Park Ji-Yun , Yang Hui-Jun
Published: November 2021

Background: Depression and anxiety are prevalent and can cause suffering in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). The Korean version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (K-HADS) has been widely used to assess depression and anxiety symptoms in Korean patient with PD. The present study aimed to assess the reliability and validity of the K-HADS using Rasch measurement analysis.Methods: A total of 106 PD patients (54 males, 52 females) who met the diagnostic criteria of the United Kingdom Brain Bank were recruited. Unidimensionality, the Rasch model fit, response category functioning, patient-item distribution, and the separation reliability of the K-HADS depression (K-HADS-D) and anxiety (K-HADS-A) subscales were statistically evaluated.Results: The mean K-HADS-D and K-HADS-A scores were 8.08±4.69 (mean±standard deviation) and 5.44±4.18, respectively. Cronbach’s α coefficients of the K-HADS-D and K-HADS-A were 0.82 and 0.83. The Rasch analysis revealed that the K-HADS-D and K-HADS-A showed unidimensionality and no disordered functioning was observed in the 4-point polytomous scale. However, both K-HADS-D and K-HADS-A exhibited suboptimal separation reliability, while the K-HADS-A showed inadequate scale targeting with floor effect.Conclusions: The present study comprises the first validation of the K-HADS using the Rasch measurement model, suggesting that the K-HADS-D and K-HADS-A are clinimetrically acceptable and reliable scales for use in Korean patients with PD. However, the moderate person separation indices implicate the relatively low discriminatory ability of the K-HADS in our study patients.
Study Protocol: The Association of Preoperative Opioid Use and Patient Outcomes v1
Authors: Kavalakatt Bethany , Gunaseelan Vidhya , C Bicket Mark
Published: November 2021

The objective of this retrospective cohort study is to investigate the differences in clinical and patient-reported outcomes among patients after surgery based on the exposure of opioids in the year before surgery. Patients from the Michigan Surgical Quality Collaborative (MSQC) registry are included if they underwent one of nine procedural categories between January 1, 2017, and October 31, 2019. The primary exposure of interest is whether or not patients were prescribed opioids from day 365 to day 31 before admission to surgery as recorded in a state prescription drug monitoring program. The primary outcome of our study is postoperative pain as reported from the MSQC survey given between postoperative days 30 and 90. Secondary outcomes include the incidences of emergency department visits, hospital readmissions, and hospital reoperations in the 30 days after surgery as well as patient-reported outcomes of regret undergoing surgery, quality of life after surgery, and overall satisfaction after surgery. Multivariable ordered logistic regression models will be used to adjust for certain explanatory variables that pose differences between study groups.
Neural activation of the GI tract v1
Authors: Yoo Bryan , Griffiths Jessica , Mazmanian Sarkis
Published: November 2021

Protocol for neural activation of the GI tract used in Yoo et al 2021
Tissue preparation, immunohistochemistry, Imaging, and Quantification v1
Authors: Yoo Bryan , Griffiths Jessica , Mazmanian Sarkis
Published: November 2021

Protocol for neuronal imaging used in Yoo et al 2021
Hello v1
Authors: Bogdanov Bogdan
Published: November 2021

ds
‘EMI Is a War’ – Lecturers’ Practices of, and Insights Into English Medium Instruction Within the Context of Sri Lankan Higher Education
Authors: Jayathilake Chitra , Hettiarachchi Sujeewa , Pereira Sujeeva S.
Published: November 2021

English Medium Instruction (EMI) is a growing educational praxis in the world. Sri Lanka also practises EMI in primary, secondary and university education contexts. Nevertheless, EMI is not adequately researched: the existing scholarship alludes to the significance of its context-dependency (e.g., Snchez-Prez, Maria del Mar 2020). Moreover, there is a lacuna of scholarly knowledge of how EMI works in Sri Lankan educational contexts. Hence, this exploratory study examined lecturers’ practices of, and insights into, EMI within the context of Sri Lankan higher education. The data were drawn from in-depth qualitative interviews with ten lecturers who teach Social Sciences through EMI at three state universities in the country. Interviewees – encompassing males and females and belonging to varying age groups – have a range of EMI teaching experience and different professional and educational qualifications. Qualitative thematic analysis was utilised to uncover themes related to EMI in the data. Findings disclose a few issues and problems associated with EMI. They underscore the belief that EMI enhances L2 (Second Language) proficiency, thus creating a space for job opportunities for undergraduates, and higher education and professional development for both lecturers and students.  Nevertheless, EMI is problematic mainly due to (i) low L2 proficiency in both lecturers and students, (ii) lecturers’ inconsistent praxis in assessing and teaching students, (iii) the shortage of training programmes on EMI, and (iv) arbitrary administration issues including the recruitment of EMI lecturers. The paper provides insights into EMI implementation in English as L2 contexts and adds new vocabulary to EMI praxis and research.
Effect of Word Exposure Frequency on Chinese Advanced EFL Learners’ Incidental Vocabulary Acquisition
Authors: Zhu Yeqiu , Huang Yuxin
Published: November 2021

The present study explores the effect of word exposure frequency on Chinese advanced EFL learners’ incidental acquisition of three aspects of word knowledge (i.e., word form, word class and word meaning). The participants were 20 Chinese English postgraduates who read two chapters of an original English novel and took four vocabulary tests. The target words were 20 pseudo-words created to replace the words that naturally occurred from one to twenty times in the text. The results show that word exposure frequency has a significant effect on IVA through reading, exerting the strongest effect on word form recognition and the weakest on word meaning recall. The study also finds that seven is the threshold value for significant word gain growth and that local word frequency also influences learners’ IVA.
Tess of the d’Urbervilles: Hardy’s Nonconformist Views and Challenge of the Prevailing Social and Moral Ideology
Authors: Badinjki Taher
Published: November 2021

In Tess of the d’Urbervilles Hardy’s non-conformist views are evident through the dialectic of negation which opposes institutionalized codes, and rejects the stereotypical Victorian concepts of femininity. He hovers over Tess like a stricken father, and presents her as an innocent victim, yet he has not been able to save her from her pre-destined death. His endeavours to create a Utopian society and change the cultural logos in regards to sex and gender, have been hampered by various forms of repression from editors, reviews, publishers and supporters of “the purity movement”. In his attempt to avoid the trauma of rejection, he made substantial expurgations and revisions of the original text, but the tragic death at the end of the book shows that the prevailing ideology, and excessive prudishness of supporters of the league of virtue have outweighed his perceptions and defeated his liberal concepts.” His frustration, bitter experience, and the unpleasant attacks waged on him and his works, were apparently influential in making him cease writing novels.
Communicative Language Teaching in Public Universities in Afghanistan: Perceptions and Challenges
Authors: Takal Ghazi Mohammad , Ibrahim Noor Mala , Jamal Mujtaba
Published: November 2021

While Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) has been advocated in Afghanistan, little is known about the perception of Afghan EFL (English as a Foreign Language) teachers on CLT. This study aims to investigate the perceptions and challenges of CLT in Afghan public universities from the perspectives of EFL teachers. The study employed a mixed-method approach comprising survey questionnaires and a qualitative interview. A sample of sixty-two Afghan EFL teachers was selected to participate in a survey questionnaire, while five were interviewed. Findings from the questionnaires and interview showed that Afghan EFL teachers have positive perceptions regarding CLT. The results also showed that the education system is one of the significant challenges for CLT implementation in Afghan public universities. The current study is valuable for policymakers, teachers, and students for improvement of EFL classes in Afghanistan.
Analysis of Writing Motivation for Medical University EFL Learners in China
Authors: Ma Yingying
Published: November 2021

This research aims to investigate EFL learners’ writing motivation in a medical university. Although writing plays a critical role in English learning, it has often been neglected by students, they only take writing as a tortured task which has been related to the score in final tests. In a medical university, most students are afraid of writing and lack motivation to write in English because of the heavy load and pressure from their medical tasks. Therefore, this study describes students’ writing motivation through the class observation, questionnaire, and interview, and finds what factors affect students’ writing motivation. Based on the analysis results, combined with features of students from a medical university, the researcher comes up with strategies to improve learners’ writing motivation.
LARGE AND SMALL RESERVOIRS OF UKRAINE: REGIONAL AND BASIN DISTRIBUTION FEATURES
Authors: KHILCHEVSKYI V.K. , GREBIN V.V.
Published: November 2021

The aim of the study was to establish the territorial patterns of the distribution of reservoirs in administrative regions and river basin districts, to identify the role of large, medium and small reservoirs in the balance of river flow regulation in Ukraine. In Ukraine, there are only 1054 reservoirs, among which there are six large reservoirs of the Dnieper cascade and the Dniester reservoir, and all the remaining 99.3% (1047 reservoirs) belong to the middle (M), small (S) and very small (VS) categories. For convenience, we call this group with the abbreviation MSVS-reservoirs. All reservoirs have a total volume of 55.13 km3. Thus, reservoirs regulate 32% of the total river flow of the country, amounting to 170.3 km3 per year. There are two main patterns of territorial distribution of reservoirs: large reservoirs are located on large rivers (Dnieper and Dniester) and are of national importance; MSVS-reservoirs – were created to provide water to industrial regions (for example, Donetsk, Kharkiv) and have regional or local significance. In terms of the volume of accumulated water, Ukraine is a country of large reservoirs. The six reservoirs of the Dnieper cascade contain 79% of the water, in the Dniester – 6%, in the MSVS-reservoirs – 15%. The volume of reservoirs in the Dnieper cascade is 43.71 km3, which is 82% of the average long-term runoff of the Dnieper (53.5 km3 per year). The operation of the Dniester reservoir (3.0 km3), which was created in the transboundary city of Dniester (Ukraine – Moldova), is carried out taking into account the water management interests of the two countries. MSVS-reservoirs are unevenly distributed over the territory of Ukraine. The largest number of them is concentrated in the arid central and southeastern regions of Ukraine, 45% of the total number of MSVS-reservoirs is located in the region of the river basin Dnieper. The largest total values of the total volume and area of MSVS-reservoirs is in the Odesa region due to the Danube lakes, which have been granted the status of reservoirs. In the use of territorial communities in Ukraine, there are 72% of the MSVS-reservoirs, 28% – leased. Among the regions of Ukraine, most of all are rented MSVS-reservoirs in the Transcarpathian region – 78%. In the Zaporizhye region, 56% of the MSVS-reservoirs are leased, in the Ternopil region – 54%. There are leases of MSVS-reservoirs in Ivano-Frankivsk and Lviv regions. Low values of the lease indicator were in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea (4%), in Kherson (7%), Vinnitsa (8%) and Volyn regions (10% each). Among the regions of river basins, there are more leased MSVS-reservoirs in the regions of the river basins. Southern Bug – 35%, Dnieper – 32%. The minimum rental rate was in the region of the Crimean river basin (4%). There is a lease of MSVS-reservoirs in the area of the river basin. Vistula.
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF SURFACE WATER QUALITY ZHYTOMYR POLESIE
Authors: Smilii P. , Gopchak I. , Basiuk T.
Published: November 2021

The ecological assessment of the quality of surface water of the Dnipro basin (within Zhytomyr region) is carried out. In general, surface water of rivers of teter, rotten, Guiva, forest stone, Irsha, Human, Arpin, Rostavitsa and Kamyanka were investigated. The study was conducted according to systematic observations based on the ecological classification of the quality of surface water and estuates in Ukraine, which includes a set of hydrophysical, hydrochemical, hydrobiological and other indicators reflecting the peculiarities of components of aqueous ecosystems. On the basis of unified ecological criteria, the technique allows you to compare the water quality in separate areas of water objects, in water objects of different regions. The calculation of the ecological assessment of water quality was carried out within three blocks: a block of saline composition (I1), a block of troph-sanitary (ecological-sanitary) indicators (I2) and a block of indicators of specific substances of toxic action (I3). The results are presented in the form of a combined ecological assessment, based on the final conclusions of three blocks and is to calculate the integral ecological index (IE). The results of observations on the qualitative state of surface water in the Tetereva Basin, the right tributaries of the Dnieper “Good”, “clean” water (II class of quality) here are less than half (47%) of all observation points. Such a quality is the water of the rivers of Irsha, Guiva, rotten, varnia, teter. In 6% of cases, “satisfactory”, “contaminated” water of the quality of the quality (3,7 ≤ IE ≤5,4), namely: r. Teters, within the city of Zhytomyr, 200 m above the fall of the River Forest Kamyanka and River Forest Kamenka, within the city of Zhytomyr, 100 m above the fall in Teter. Waters of all other research points occupy an intermediate position between II and III of quality classes and are evaluated as “good”, “clean” and “satisfactory”, “contaminated”. The water of the pools Irpen and dew, represented by the rivers Irpin, Rostavitsa and Kamenka, are characterized by the second class of quality “good”, “clean”. Executed researches allowed to analyze and evaluate the ecological state of the rivers of the rivers of the Zhytomyr region within the Dnipro River basin, which will establish the environmental standards of water quality and to determine the basic areas for improving the state of water resources and substantiate the system of recommendations aimed at improving the environmental state of the basins under study in the boundary of the area.
Modeling of hydraulic shock as one of the main risk factors of main arteries atherosclerosis in arrhythmias
Authors: Germanova Olga A. , Germanov Vladimir A. , Shchukin Yuriy V. , Germanov Andrey V. , Piskunov Maxim V. , Burmistrov Andrey E. , Yusupov Rinat Yu. , Galati G.
Published: November 2021

Introduction. Atherosclerosis is the main reason of cardiocerebral events, its mechanisms and reasons are still being studied. Hydraulic shock in arrhythmias has not been studied before.

Aim. To perform the modeling of hydraulic shock as a risk factor of the main arteries in arrhythmias with original experimental model created by the authors.

Materials and methods. We created the original experimental model, it was used to imitate hydraulic shock in arrhythmias. It imitated the real arterial vessel and it allowed to make intra-vessel circulation of liquid in the regular rhythm and in arrhythmias (extrasystole).

Results. In extrasystolic arrhythmia imitation in the first post-extrasystolic contraction the speed of liquid flow was revealed to rise in mean value 158% in comparison with the regular rhythm.

Conclusion. In extrasystolic arrhythmia during the spread of the wave of the first post-extrasystolic contraction, blood flow accelerates and reflected waves and standing waves form. These hemodynamic changes are characterized by the term hydraulic shock. The use of our original experimental model helps to make the wide range of investigations and studies connected with intra-arterial hemodynamics in different conditions of functioning of cardiovascular system.
Screening methods for the nutritional status assessment in young children with an intestinal infection
Authors: Erpuleva Yulia V. , Rumiantsev Roman E.
Published: November 2021

The nutritional status assessment in young children with infectious diseases is an important and necessary measure in the practice of a pediatrician.
Nutrition is an important component of therapeutic measures for various childhood diseases from the time of illness; a child may have difficulty eating and not receive an age-appropriate amount of nutrients. Untimely nutritional support harms the course of the disease and can lead to the development of nutritional deficiency.
The highest risk of developing nutritional status disorders exists in children with acute intestinal infections. Patients have dyspeptic symptoms (nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea), which makes the natural consumption of food difficult. Specialized enteral nutrition in acute intestinal infections plays an important role it restores the balanced nutritional status of a sick child, maintains the intestinal microbiota, and reduces the duration of intestinal infections.
This article describes the modern principles of screening assessment of nutritional status in young children with intestinal infections. The main laboratory markers are shown (concentration of albumin, transthyretin, transferrin, and the total number of circulating lymphocytes) in which the changes may indicate the risk of developing nutritional deficiency and a more severe course of the disease. In an infectious hospital, screening methods to assess nutritional status can be used to timely detect eating disorders, such as the method for assessing the risk of malnutrition (STRONGkids), screening for malnutrition in pediatrics (STAMP), and the universal screening scale for malnutrition (MUST).
Different scales and tools are used for screening; thus, further research is needed to determine the most optimal method of nutritional status assessment in young children with infectious pathology.
On dissection of the uterine wall during laparoscopic myomectomy
Authors: Plekhanov Andrey N. , Bezhenar Vitaly F. , Shishkina Yulia S. , Linde Viktor A.
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic myomectomy is becoming the leading method of surgical treatment of uterine fibroids while preserving reproductive and menstrual functions. Increasingly, ultrasound energy is used to dissect the myometrium. Meanwhile, the mode and direction of the ultrasound energy supply to minimize damage to the underlying tissues have not been specified.
AIM: The aim of this study was to perform a comparative analysis of the myometrium and the fibroid pseudocapsule in the projection of the myoma nodule after dissection using ultrasound energy with different initial characteristics of the surgical instrument.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: For comparison, we selected two instruments with a longitudinal ultrasound energy supply with an output frequency of 80 MHz ... 2.5 GHz and 47 kHz at intermittent operating mode of 5/10 sec and one torsion instrument with a transverse ultrasound energy supply with an output frequency of 36 kHz at intermittent operating mode of 3/30 sec.
RESULTS: Our study has shown that the smallest zone of irreversible changes is formed when using ultrasound energy with an output frequency of 36 kHz at intermittent operating mode of 3/30 sec with its transverse feed at 90 degrees to the blade, and the largest zone of irreversible changes is formed when using ultrasound energy with an output frequency of 47 kHz at intermittent operating mode of 5/10 sec with its longitudinal feed.
CONCLUSIONS: Morphometric studies with an analysis of the depth of necrotic and necrobiotic changes in the myometrial tissue showed that from the standpoint of reproductive surgery, it is preferable to use USE with an output frequency of 36 kHz at intermittent operating mode of 3/30 sec with its transverse feed.
Reparación Integral: Una Acercamiento De La Restitución De Tierras En Colombia A La Luz De La Rizomática Y Principialistica Del Arraigo
Authors: Angulo Patiño Sebastián Camilo , Solís Granja Cristian David
Published: November 2021

Este artículo de reflexión pretende analizar la restitución de tierras a víctimas del conflicto armado en Colombia desde el concepto de Arraigo, aproximando algunas nociones del mismo, a través de la teoría rizomática de los conceptos de Deleuze y Guattari. Para lo anterior, se presenta una introducción a su aplicación en el ordenamiento jurídico colombiano mediante la nomoárquica y principialística, analizada por Valencia (1996). De esta manera, se hace preciso establecer el Arraigo desde una construcción entablada en la categoría del reconocimiento examinada por Axel Honneth, comprendida en una pluralidad de derechos y principios que el ordenamiento jurídico colombiano vislumbra con una alta relevancia y valor jurídico.
Research Insights: What will People Pay for SMS Air Quality Alerts and Will They Avoid Air Pollution in Response?
Authors: Hanna Rema , Hoffmann Bridget , Oliva Paulina , Schneider Jake
Published: November 2021

Male, younger, and higher-income respondents as well as those who perceived high pollution in recent days showed greater willingness to pay for SMS air quality alerts. Willingness to pay was uncorrelated with actual recent high pollution. Recipients of SMS alerts indicated having received air pollution information via SMS, along with reporting a high-pollution day in the past week and having stayed indoors on the most recent day they perceived pollution to be high. However, alert recipients were not more accurate in identifying which specific days had high pollution than other respondents. Households that received a free N95 mask were more likely to report utilizing a mask with a filter during the past two weeks but not more likely to report using a mask with a filter on the specific days with high particulate matter.
Sleep-Related Problems and Associations with Occupational Factors among Home Care Personnel
Authors: Lindholm Maria , Målqvist Ingela , Alderling Magnus , Hillert Lena , Lind Carl M , Reiman Arto , Forsman Mikael
Published: November 2021

Recent demographic developments in Europe have increased the demand for home care. Working in other people’s home environment is challenging. Home care personnel’s musculoskeletal disorders are common, and care personnel overall often have sleep disturbances. In this study, associations between occupational physical and psychosocial factors and possible sleep-related problems among home care personnel were explored using a questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed to 19 workplaces in Stockholm County in 2017–2019, and 665 home care personnel answered. Several factors, including job contentment, physical burden of care, client-related burnout, quantitative demands, and pain, were significantly associated with sleep-related problems. The results highlight the need for implementing measures to improve psychosocial and organizational working conditions in home care service.
Consensus Report: The Current Status of Airway Assessment
Authors: Khan Zahid Hussain
Published: November 2021

The article's abstract is not available.
Effect of IV Infusion of Magnesium Sulfate on Postoperative Pain after Spinal Anesthesia: A Prospective Randomized Trial
Authors: Singhal Shubhi , Bharti Devang , Yadav Sangeeta , Hayaran Nitin
Published: November 2021

Background: The current study attempts to evaluate the effect of intravenous (IV) infusion of magnesium sulfate during spinal anesthesia on postoperative pain and postoperative analgesic requirements in lower limb surgeries.
Methods: In this double blind, randomized controlled study, 60 patients undergoing elective lower limb surgeries, were selected and randomly divided into two groups. Group I received isotonic saline and group II was administered magnesium sulfate 50 mg Kg-1 IV for 15 min and then 15 mg Kg-1 h-1 by continuous IV infusion till the end of surgery or 2 hours, whichever was earlier. Ramsay sedation scores, VAS scores for pain, time of first administration of rescue analgesic and total analgesic requirement were noted in both the groups.
Results: Statistically significant difference was observed in the VAS score between the two groups at 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 6th, 9th and 12th hour intervals; with VAS scores being lower in the magnesium group (p<0.05). The mean time of first rescue analgesic requirement in control group was 144.00 mins, while in magnesium group was 246.00 mins (p<0.05). The total rescue analgesic requirement was found to be 251.67 mg and 181.67 mg at the end of 24 hours, in control and magnesium groups, respectively (p<0.05).
Conclusion: This study demonstrates statistically significant lowering of postoperative VAS scores, delayed need of postoperative analgesia and reduced total postoperative analgesic requirement in patients receiving intraoperative IV magnesium sulfate compared to the control group. Magnesium sulfate did not cause sedation or any other significant adverse effect in the doses used in the study.
Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Intraoperative Hemodynamic Responses in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Randomised Double Blind Trial
Authors: Dongare Dhanashree , Gharde Smita
Published: November 2021

Background: Dexmedetomidine is selective alpha 2 agonist with sedative sympatholytic, analgesic properties and is used as an anaesthetic adjuvant. We have evaluated the effect of dexmedetomidine on various hemodynamic responses to incidences such as laryngoscopy, endotracheal intubation, exubation and pneumoperitoneum in patients who were undergoing surgeries like laparoscopic cholecystectomy. We have used loading dose of 0.5mcg/kg of inj. Dexmedetomidine given over 10 minutes followed by infusion of a dose of 0.3mcg/kg/hour for the control of hemodynamic response to laparoscopy.
Methods: Patient of either sex aged between 18-50 yrs, belongs to ASA I and II (AMERICAN SOCIETY OF ANAESTHESIOLOGY) posted for laparoscopic cholecystectomy were included. Institutional ethical committee clearance was obtained prior to study. After enrolment and valid written consent was taken. 60 patients were enrolled written valid informed consent was taken. Patients were divided into two groups 30 each with computerized randomization. Base line parameters were noted. Observer and patient was blinded for the content of syringe. Group A received injection dexmedetomidine and group B received bolus and infusion of normal saline at same rate. Routine general anaesthesia was instituted. Parameters were noted after induction, after intubation, after co2 insufflation, after 20 min, after 40 min, after co2 deflation, after extubation, after 1 and 2 hrs post-extubation.
Results: Group A showed significantly less rise in HR and MAP than Group B. Requirement of intraoperative propofol was more in Group B. There was no significant difference for time taken to awakening in both groups.
Conclusion: We found Injection Dexmedetomidine in given doses gave good hemodynamic control with minimal undesired effects during laparoscopy.
Is COVID-19 Infection a Death Sentence in Patients Living with Haematological Malignancies? A Case Series
Authors: Varshney Mudit , Jaswal Amandeep , Diwan Sahil , Kohli Santvana , Bano Ruqaiya , Sachdeva Harish C. , Ganapathy Usha
Published: November 2021

The year 2020 saw the rise of an influenza-like illness from SARS-nCoV2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Illness by novel Coronavirus 2), which causes myriad of symptoms in patients, ranging from mild upper respiratory symptoms to severe ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome). It is, however, known to cause high morbidity and mortality in patients with underlying comorbidities like diabetes, hypertension, kidney disease, obesity and malignancies. Amongst these, the subset with haematological malignancies has an especially poor prognosis possibly as a result of immune suppression, due to underlying bone marrow depression as well as effects of chemotherapeutic agents. These patients need frequent visits and admissions to the hospital for treatment, thus exposing them to the risk of acquiring the infection. Also, a high index of suspicion, with low threshold for testing is needed in view of possible atypical presentation and symptoms. These patients may also warrant an early ICU admission, as they tend to develop severe disease with ARDS more frequently, with an overall poor prognosis and high mortality rate. We hereby present a series of six patients with underlying haematological malignancies who were admitted in our ICU with a serious COVID-19 illness and a grave outcome.
Transfusion Strategy in Crimean-congo Hemorrhagic Fever Treatment
Authors: Jabbari Ali , Tabasi Shabnam , Enayati Ayesheh , Alijanpourotaghsara Amirreza , Salehi Aref
Published: November 2021

The article's abstract is not available.
The effect of using pineapple fresh juice to improve post-surgical pain, ecchymosis and swelling in maxillofacial region
Authors: Mahmood Bayad Jaza
Published: November 2021

Background: Facial plastic surgeries are usually associated with various post-surgical unde- sirable symptoms, particularly pain, Swelling, and ecchymosis. Depending on the nature of the procedures, these symptoms could last for days, sometimes over a week or more. Considering the optimal efficacy of Bromelain, this study is used to justify the benefits of pre-operative use of Bro- melain found in pineapple using fresh pineapple juice to reduce such complications.
Materials and Methods: A randomized clinical study was performed among 100 patients undergoing various facial surgical operations; the patients were randomly divided into two groups; fifty patients received the pre-operative fresh pineapple juice (350ml glass) twice every day, a week before and continued for seven days after surgery. The pain level was determined using a visual an- alog scale, Swelling, and ecchymosis judged by visual inspection. Average scores for all symptoms were added to obtain the clinical sum score for each visit.
Results: Pre-operative use of fresh pineapple juice was significantly reduced post-surgical pain, swelling, and ecchymosis with statistically significant results (p<0.005) in each pineapple groups.
Conclusion: Bromelain found in pineapple fruit can be used as a successful therapy before var- ious facial surgical procedures to minimize and provide faster recovery from undesirable post-op- erative symptoms.
Controlling Semi-Invasive Activity of Human Endometrial Stromal Cells by Inhibiting NF-kB Signaling Pathway Using Aloe-emodin and Aspirin
Authors: Nasiri Nahid , Babaei Sara , Moini Ashraf , Eftekhari-Yazdi Poopak
Published: November 2021

Background: Inflammation and its master regulator, Nuclear Factor-kB (NF-kB), have been implicated in the development of endometriosis. Inhibition of NF-kB pathway using small molecules ameliorated disease progression and reduced the lesion size; nevertheless, the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. Therefore, this study, is an attempt to assess whether inhibiting NF-kB signaling by aloe-emodin (AE) or aspirin (Asp), as anti-inflammatory compounds, can suppresses the invasive activity of human endometrial stromal cells at stage IV endometriosis.
Methods: The eutopic and healthy endometrial biopsies from a total of 8 infertile women with confirmed endometriosis and 8 women without endometriosis were digested and the single cells were cultured. Gene and protein markers of proliferation, migration, adhesion, and invasion of eutopic endometrial stromal cells (EuESCs) with and without treatment with AE or Asp, as well as control endometrial stromal cells (CESCs) was analyzed using q-PCR and immunofluorescence staining, respectively. Comparison between groups was performed using one-way ANOVA and the Bonferroni post hoc and p≤0.5 was considered statistically significant.
Results: There was an association between NF-kB overexpression and higher proliferation/adhesion capacity in EuESCs. EuESCs (at stage IV endometriosis) displayed no invasive and migratory behaviors. Pre-treatment of EuESCs with AE or Asp significantly attenuated NF-kB expression and reduced proliferative, adhesive, invasive, and migratory activity of endometrial cells (p≤0.5).
Conclusion: Eutopic endometrial stromal cells seem to have a semi-invasive activity which is largely suppressed by AE or Asp. It can be suggested that both Asp and AE (as potent NF-kB inhibitors) can be used as a supplement in conventional endometriosis treatments.
Ovarian Stem Cells Differentiation into Primary Oocytes Using Follicle Stimulating Hormone, Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor, and Neurotrophin 3
Authors: Tanbakooei Sara , Haramshahi Seyed Mohammad Amin , Vahabzadeh Gelareh , Barati Mahmood , Katebi Majid , Golab Fereshteh , Shetabi Qazal , Niknam Narges , Roudbari Leila , Rajabi Fomeshi Motahareh , Amini Moghadam Soheila
Published: November 2021

Background: In vitro obtaining oocytes can be an appropriate alternative for patients with gonadal insufficiency or cancer survivors. The purpose of the current research was isolating stem cells from ovarian cortical tissue as well as evaluating the effectiveness of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and neurotrophin 3 (NT3) in differentiating to oocyte-like cells.
Methods: A human ovary was dissected and cortical tissue pieces were cultured for cell isolation. Isolated cells were divided into 8 groups (3 cases in each group) of control, FSH, NT3, bFGF, FSH+NT3, FSH+bFGF, NT3+bFGF, and FSH+NT3+ bFGF. Pluripotency specific gene (OCT4-A and Nanog), initial germ cells (c-KIT and VASA) and PF growth initiators (GDF-9 and Lhx-8) were evaluated by qRT-PCR. Experiments were performed in triplicate and there were 3 samples in each group. The results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Flow cytometry results showed that cells isolated from the ovarian cortex expressed markers of pluripotency. The results showed that the expression of Nanog, OCT4, GDF-9 and VASA was significantly increased in FSH+NT3 group, while treatment with bFGF caused significant expression of c-KIT and Lhx-8 (p<0.05). Also, according to the results, isolated cells treated with NT3 significantly increased c-KIT expression.
Conclusion: According to our results, the ovarian cortex cells could be differentiated into primordial follicles if treated with the proper combination of FSH, bFGF, and NT3. These findings provided a new perspective for the future of in vitro gamete proudest.
Association of Novel Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of Genes Involved in Cell Functions with Male Infertility: A Study of Male Cases in Northwest Iran
Authors: Ghadrkhomi Elham , Angaji Seyed Abdolhamid , Khosravi Maryam , Mashayekhi Mohammad Reza
Published: November 2021

Background: Infertility is a global health problem caused by various environmental and genetic factors. Male infertility accounts for 40–50% of all cases of infertility and approximately half of them are grouped as idiopathic with no definitive causes. Previous studies have suggested an association between some SNPs and infertility in men. In this study, an attempt was made to investigate the association of 7 different SNPs of 4 genes involved in common cell functions with male infertility.
Methods: MTHFR rs1801131 (T>G), MTHFR rs2274976 (G>A), FASLG rs80358238 (A>G), FASLG rs12079514 (A>C), GSTM1 rs1192077068 (G>A), BRCA2 rs4987117 (C>T), and BRCA2 rs11571833 (A>T) were genotyped in 120 infertile men with idiopathic azoospermia or severe oligospermia and 120 proven fertile controls using ARMS-PCR methods. Next, 30% of SNPs were regenotyped to confirm the results. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using SPSS statistical software to evaluate the strength of association. The p˂0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Results: Statistical analysis revealed significant association between MTHFR rs-2274976 AA variant (OR: 10.00, CI: 3.203-31.225), FASLG rs12079514 AC variant (OR: 0.412, CI: 0.212-0.800), and BRCA2 rs11571833 TT variant OR: 6.233, CI: 3.211-12.101) with male infertility, but there was no significant difference between case and control groups in MTHFR rs1801131 (p= 0.111), GSTM1 rs1192077068 (p=0.272), BRCA2 rs4987117 (p=0.221), and FASLG rs80358238 (p=0.161).
Conclusion: Our findings suggested that some novel polymorphisms including MTHFR rs2274976, FASLG rs12079514, and BRCA2 rs11571833 might be the possible predisposing risk factors for male infertility in cases with idiopathic azoospermia.
Comparison of Tamoxifen and Clomiphene Citrate for Ovulation Induction in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Prospective Study
Authors: Sharma Sangita , Choudhary Manisha , Swarankar Vikas , Vaishnav Vaibhav
Published: November 2021

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of tamoxifen and clomiphene citrate in induction of ovulation in women with PCOS and anovulation.
Methods: In this prospective cohort study, 104 women with PCOS and primary infertility were enrolled after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The patients were allocated in two groups; group A (n=54) received tamoxifen 40 mg once daily (Days 3-7) and group B (n=50) received clomiphene citrate 100 mg once daily (Days 3-7). Serial ultrasounds were done till the administration of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). The ovulation and pregnancy rates in both groups were compared. The number of dominant follicles, estradiol levels, and endometrial thickness were also studied. Comparison was done using chi-square and student’s t-test and a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The number of dominant follicles and serum estradiol levels were significantly higher in group B (p<0.05), whereas the endometrial thickness was significantly more in group A (p<0.05). The ovulation rates were similar in both groups (66.6% vs. 70%, p=0.715). Pregnancy rate per treatment cycle and per ovulatory cycle was marginally higher in group A (14.81% and 22.22%, respectively), as compared to group B (14% and 20%, respectively), but the difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Tamoxifen and clomiphene citrate are both equally effective in induction of ovulation and achieving a pregnancy in women with PCOS.
Evaluation of Oral and Dental Health Status in Pregnant Women Referring to Fatemieh Hospital in Hamadan City during 2018
Authors: Vaziri-Amjad Samaneh , Esfahaninya Fatemeh , Sanoee Farimani Marzieh , Ghorbani Gholiabad Somayeh , Ahmadi- Motamayel Fatemeh
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Physiological changes during pregnancy affect the teeth and tissues of the mouth and gums, which increases the severity of problems such as caries, inflammation, bleeding and swelling of the gum. Therefore, pregnant people need regular check-ups and provide adequate education. The aim of this study was evaluation of oral and dental health status in pregnant women referring to Fatemieh Hospital in Hamadan City during 2018.
Methods: This study was performed on 96 pregnant women. The adjusted questionnaire was completed for each individual by interview method in order to complete the section on personal and pregnancy data and examination in order to complete the section on oral and dental health status. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 16 software.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 29.64. The Decay Missing Filling Teeth (DMFT) index in pregnant women was 10.48 ± 3.81. 75.74% of the participants were positive in terms of BOP. 12.50% had dry mouth. Using gingival index, 68.75% of the subjects had gingivitis and the mean gingival index was 0.98 ± 0.79%. In terms of oral hygiene, using the index plaque assessment, the majority of the participants was moderate (45.83%) and the mean plaque index was 1.27 ± 0.62%.
Conclusion: Pregnant mothers have a moderate oral health. For this reason, it is necessary to inform physicians in order to refer them to dentists and educate pregnant women to observe oral hygiene and prevent the occurrence of oral diseases and gingivitis in pregnancy.
ASSISTÊNCIA E GERÊNCIA NO CONTEXTO DA ESTRATÉGIA SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA SOB A ÓTICA DOS ENFERMEIROS ASSISTENCIAIS
Authors: Rodrigues de Souza Debora Patricia , Tavares de Oliveira Figueirêdo Danielle Samara , De Andrade Lidiane Lima , Nogueira Matheus Figueiredo , Carvalho de Brito Santos Nathanielly Cristina , Farias de Andrade Luciana Dantas
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: Conhecer como ocorre a assistência e a gerência no contexto da ESF sob a ótica dos enfermeiros assistenciais. Método: Estudo exploratório-descritivo de abordagem qualitativa, fundamentado no Materialismo Histórico Dialético (MHD). A coleta realizou-se através de entrevista que originaram as categorias empíricas, posteriormente analisadas pela Técnica da Análise de Discurso. Resultados: A assistência de enfermagem é considerada em sua totalidade uma forma de cumprimento dos programas estabelecidos pelo Ministério da Saúde, tornando-a, por vezes, inflexível. Os conteúdos burocráticos são vistos como empecilho por limitar a assistência direta ao cliente, além de sobrecarregá-los. Conclusão: Existe a compreensão que assistência e gerência sejam atividades interligadas e não dicotomizadas. No entanto, possui um conflito na conciliação entre essas duas dimensões. As dificuldades de conciliação refletem a fragilidade no preparo e atualização do profissional quanto ao enfrentamento das atividades no ambiente de trabalho. Descritores: Enfermagem; Atenção Primária a Saúde; Assistência; Gerência.
Visiones del Diseño I: El Diseñador como agente de cambio
Authors: Di Bella Daniela V. , Irwin Terry
Published: November 2021

El Proyecto de Investigación 4.2 sostiene que el diseño en la actualidad se encuentra inserto dentro de múltiples escenarios de complejidad que requieren de profesionales de fuerte conocimiento de las implicancias de su disciplina y de una amplia capacidad reflexiva. En este contexto investiga acerca del estado actual del Diseño siguiendo cuatro categorías temáticas que cubren algunos de los escenarios contemporáneos de la disciplina en la región, relacionados con (a) reflexiones sobre diseño, (b) diseño sustentable, (c) transición hacia la sostenibilidad y (d) Diseño para la transición. El apartado (d) Diseño para la Transición, analiza un informe de impacto retrospectivo y continuo, de la implementación del Primer Proyecto de la Línea de Investigación Nº4 denominado Perspectivas del Diseño, que analiza el período 2014_2 al 2016_2 inclusive, correspondiente con las comisiones de la asignatura Diseño IV de la Maestría en Gestión del Diseño, en la que se viene desarrollando el proyecto.