bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Building Construction, Road Works and Waste Management: Impact of Anthropogenic Actions on Flooding in Yenagoa, Nigeria
Authors: Warebi G. Brisibe  , Ibama Brown
Published: August 2020

Floods are generally seen as natural occurrences with other underlying causal factors. These factors are both natural and anthropogenic in nature and often induce or exacerbate flood episodes in the environment. As it were, while some of these factors stem from natural ecological cycles, others are engendered by accumulated anthropogenic actions or inactions. This study aims to examine three independent documents comprising of two technical reports commissioned by the Bayelsa State government in Yenagoa and contiguous neighborhoods and narratives from a PhD flood research with a view to understanding the nature and dynamics of anthropogenic actions causing flooding in Bayelsa State. The objectives include; a systematic review of the government commissioned technical reports on floods in Yenagoa and other related documents; identify and highlight both natural and anthropogenic causes of flooding in the study area; recommend an appropriate course of action. The study adopted direct personal observation, photography and secondary data analysis to obtain data. Findings from the combination of these documents highlight some of the deliberate human actions and/or inactions taken by both Government and private developers regarding incidents of flooding within the Yenagoa Metropolis. Based on the document’s review, three key anthropogenic actions were identified; building construction and other physical development activities, waste management and drainage systems and public infrastructure development. Specific recommendations such as the adoption of a holistic approach towards harmonized flood data management framework, effective implementation of such policies to tackle these identified challenges, undertake EIA, hydrologic and hydrographic studies, as well as base line studies before embarking on any developmental projects, desilting of clogged drainage culverts and proper alignment of road projects to reduce incursion and subsequent impediment of free flow of runoffs were made.
The Concept and Functions of Performance Audit: Theoretical Study
Authors: Salienė Asta , Tamulevičienė Daiva , Gaižauskas Lionius
Published: August 2020

Performance audit is a type of audit that evaluates and inspects an organizations’ activity based on the so-called 3E approach: economy, efficiency, effectiveness, and plays the most important role in institutions of public sector. During the implementation of the public sector reforms in recent decades, the concept of audit has been changing. Therefore, a need to re-evaluate the current definition of the audit and supplement it arose. It is also important to review the functions attributed to performance audit in order to define its ever-changing identity. The aim of the article: to evaluate the concepts of performance audit and the conceptual development of functions from a theoretical point of view. The article presents the analysis of performance audit concepts as well as a performance audit definition. The functions of performance audit have been distinguished, grouped, and evaluated based on how often they are mentioned in the literature. Two problems that make the implementation of the functions more challenging have been distinguished: contradictions among functions arise due to a diverse range of functions; due to versatility of the activity, the functions are difficult to evaluate, and measure and evaluation criteria are hard to establish.
Luxofractura cervical en niños: revisión bibliográfica y caso clínico
Authors: Velasco Canziani Juan Manuel , Saprizza Santiago , Galli Nicolás , Otero Natalia , García Fernando
Published: August 2020

Las luxofracturas son poco frecuentes, pero revisten mucha importancia a la hora de considerar el diagnóstico, el tratamiento y las posibles secuelas. Presentamos una revisión bibliográfica sobre luxofracturas cervicales en niños y el caso de una niña de 10 años que sufrió una luxofractura de C3-C4. La paciente fue sometida a una reducción abierta y una artrodesis de C3-C4, y controlada durante 2 años.
Nivel de Evidencia: IV
Tasa de infección en 212 pacientes consecutivos tratados mediante descompresión tubular mininvasiva de la columna lumbar.
Authors: Coombes Nicolás , Galaretto Eduardo , Guyot Juan Pablo , Fernández Norberto , Fuster Cristian
Published: August 2020

Introducción: Las infecciones del sitio quirúrgico pueden requerir tratamientos prolongados con antibióticos, una estancia hospitalaria más prolongada y operaciones repetidas. Las incisiones pequeñas y la posibilidad de evitar la disección subperióstica en lacirugía mininvasiva pueden reducir, al mínimo, el riesgo de infecciones posoperatorias. Sin embargo, los estudios publicados sobre infecciones después de procedimientos mininvasivos son escasos. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar retrospectivamenteuna serie de pacientes operados, de manera consecutiva, con una técnica mininvasiva y la incidencia de infección posoperatoria. Materiales y Métodos: Se incluyó a los pacientes sometidos a cirugía lumbar posterior con retractores tubulares y microscopio, en nuestro Servicio, entre enero de 2015 y enero de 2018. Los procedimientos realizados fueron discectomías tubulares, descompresiones para la estenosis de canal y resecciones de quistes sinoviales. La incidencia de infección del sitio quirúrgico se calculó y comparó con el rango de tasas de infección del sitio quirúrgico publicado. Resultados: Se realizaron cirugías no instrumentadas (discectomías, descompresiones) en 212 pacientes. La media de la edad era de 62.4 años y la relación hombre:mujer, de 1,27:1. Solo un paciente sufrió una infección del sitio quirúrgico, diagnosticada el día 9 poscirugía, que fue tratada mediante lavado y limpieza de la herida. Conclusión: La tasa de infección fue del 0,47%. La cirugía mininvasiva puede disminuir notablemente la tasa de infección del sitio quirúrgico y puede ser una herramienta eficaz para reducir, al mínimo, los costos hospitalarios. Nivel de Evidencia: IV
Colocación de un tornillo transfisario medial en la cadera espástica de niños con parálisis cerebral. Eficacia y seguridad
Authors: Praglia Francisco , Cucchiara Juan Pablo , Lucioni Florencia
Published: August 2020

Introducción: En estudios experimentales y clínicos, los resultados con el tornillo excéntrico transfisario medial para producir varo fueron alentadores. El propósito de este estudio fue determinar si colocar un tornillo en el fémur proximal es un gesto eficaz y seguro en caderas espásticas de niños con parálisis cerebral. Materiales y Métodos: Se incluyó a pacientes con parálisis cerebral infantil y caderas en riesgo. Se compararon la serie A: pacientes con liberación de partes blandas más colocación de un tornillo excéntrico transfisario medial en el fémur proximal y la serie B: pacientes solo con liberación de partes blandas. Se determinaron el test de Rang, el índice de migración de Reimer, el ángulo cervicodiafisario y las complicaciones, antes de la cirugía y después. Resultados: Se operó a 18 pacientes (36 caderas): 10 de la serie A y 8 de la serie B, con una mediana de edad de 51 meses y una mediana de seguimiento, de 3 años. Al comparar por delta de medianas todas las variables preoperatorias y posoperatorias, hubo una diferencia estadísticamente significativa solo en el delta de mediana del ángulo cervicodiafisario de las caderas izquierdas (-5 vs. 0, p 0,02). Conclusiones: La liberación de partes blandas es eficaz para prevenir la luxación de la cadera espástica. La colocación de un tornillo transfisario excéntrico en la cadera espástica no produjo cambios y no fue inocua. La hemifisiodesis medial de la cadera es una atractiva solución teórica para tratar los problemas ocasionados por el valgo excesivo, pero se requieren más estudios. Nivel de Evidencia: III
Análise da implantação do Programa Nacional de Controle da Dengue: estudo comparativo de municípios fronteiriços de Mato Grosso do Sul (Brasil)
Authors: Costa Elisângela Martins da Silva , Costa Edgar Aparecido da
Published: August 2020

Este trabalho parte da pergunta de pesquisa: será que as políticas públicas de enfrentamento à dengue têm sido plenamente implantadas nos municípios fronteiriços, dada sua complexidade territorial? A partir disso, procuramos analisar a influência das características contextuais de dois municípios fronteiriços do Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, Corumbá (fronteira Brasil/Bolívia) e Ponta Porã (fronteira Brasil/Paraguai), nos graus de implantação do Programa Nacional de Controle da Dengue (pncd) e a influência dos graus de implantação nos efeitos observados. Como metodologia, foi aplicado um levantamento avaliativo entre municípios brasileiros fronteiriços. A coleta de dados envolveu análise documental e entrevistas semiestruturadas com informanteschave. A análise avaliativa demonstrou que o contexto externo dos dois municípios foi desfavorável à implantação das ações de controle da dengue. As metas propostas pelo PNCD não foram alcançadas nos municípios selecionados. Observa-se que houve uma modulação entre os contextos externo e político-organizacional para a implantação parcial do PNCD. Ideias destacadas: Artigo de pesquisa que questiona a efetividade das políticas públicas de controle da dengue nas fronteiras. Pesquisa avaliativa e comparativa sobre a implantação do Programa Nacional de Controle da Dengue (PNCD) entre dois municípios brasileiros de fronteira. Destaca a influência do contexto externo nos resultados da aplicação da política pública
The model of justice in Mordovian ethnic tales
Authors: Osmushina Anastasiia A.
Published: August 2020

Introduction. The research is determined by the current trends of globalization and the need to build a dialogue of cultures based on justice and giving the priority to the local models of justice. The subject of the research is the model of justice in Moksha and Erzia tales. The purpose of the work is to identify different models of justice of the Moksha and Erzia ethnic groups, their identity and the difference with models of other cultures, to generalize the content of the category of justice in the Mordovian ethnoculture.
Materials and Methods. The research material includes Mordovian folk tales. The method of analysis is applied to identify the models of justice in the studied material. When comparing the similar tales of different cultures, we use the method of comparison and the principle of the reduction of the identities, which detects differences in the similarities; the method of generalization allows us to systematize the results, the method of synthesis lets us draw conclusions. The model of justice in folklore and tales has not been studied much, so the theoretical basis of the research covers the works devoted to the analysis of Mordovian folklore as a whole as well as various studies of the category of justice.
Results and Discussion. The model of Mordovian justice includes collective labor, mutual assistance, collective ownership and self-government, creative work and a decent remuneration, ethnic education, upbringing in the tradition, freedom of the development, the perfectionism and the vertical social mobility, the reward of the virtue and the denunciation of the vice, fair judgment, everyone’s equality in the court, the marriage of the equals, reproduction, the identity and the identification, the unity of the human and the nature. The private ownership of resources, the work that does not save from poverty, unfair courts, restrictions on the freedom of development and education, the abuse of children and women, and the neglect of the elderly are assessed as unfair.
Conclusion. The set of models obtained in accordance with different cultural approaches allows us to obtain a dimensial, complete, systematic image of ethno-cultural justice which provides us a better understanding of the culture of the people. The research has shown that the models of justice in Moksha and Erzia folklore are similar. It has revealed the general content of the Mordovian models of justice, as well as the unique features of the Moksha and Erzia models, their identity and differences with the models of other cultures.
Percepções de estudantes do Ensino Médio das redes pública e privada sobre atividades remotas ofertadas em tempos de pandemia do coronavírus
Authors: Médici Mônica Strege , Tatto Everson Rodrigo , Leão Marcelo Franco
Published: August 2020

A pandemia do coronavírus afetou diversas questões do comportamento humano, tais como: a convivência social, o bem viver com saúde, a economia, a educação, entre outros. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar as percepções de estudantes mato-grossenses do Ensino Médio de diferentes redes de ensino sobre os desafios enfrentados no decorrer do ensino remoto que estão recebendo nesse período diferenciado. A pesquisa se caracteriza como descritiva e exploratória, realizada em 2020, e envolveu um total de 118 estudantes de escolas pública e privada do município de Querência/MT. Como instrumento de coleta de dados foi utilizado um formulário eletrônico, contendo 08 questões fechadas. Os resultados indicam que as condições de acesso e aprendizagem não são as mesmas e que o ensino remoto é diferentemente avaliado por estudantes dessas duas redes de ensino. Logo, as medidas que estão sendo implementadas no período da pandemia poderão aprofundar o quadro de exclusão e segregação de parte significativa dos estudantes, a exemplo das desigualdades de condições de estudo e desenvolvimento humano, como sempre existiu.
Postpartum female sexual dysfunctions in Hungary: A cross-sectional study
Authors: SzÖllŐsi K. , Szabó L.
Published: August 2020

Purpose

Although the prevalence of sexual dysfunction after delivery is generally considered high, this has not been well examined in Hungary. The aim of our study was to evaluate female sexual function at 3-months postpartum and to investigate some of the possible predictor factors which might influence it.

Materials and Methods

We designed a cross-sectional study using online questionnaires and recruited 253 participants. Risk factors such as infant-feeding method and urinary incontinence were assessed for a potential relationship with sexual dysfunction. The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) was used to assess sexual function. We wrote our own questions about potential predictors.

Results

48.79% of participants reported sexual dysfunction according to total FSFI score (M = 25.16, SD = 7.00). A significant relationship was found between infant-feeding method and sexual dysfunction (P = 0.003). Sexual dysfunction was more common in exclusive-breastfeeding mothers than in mixed or formula-feeding mothers. Women with urinary incontinence had significantly lower total FSFI scores (P = 0.006), and in the arousal (P = 0.033), lubrication (P = 0.022), satisfaction (P = 0.006) and pain (P = 0.032) domains compared to women with no incontinence problem.

Conclusions

Women suffering from urinary incontinence are more likely to have sexual problems, especially a higher risk of dyspareunia and a lower level of sexual interest and wetness. Exclusive breastfeeding has a negative effect on sexual function.
Post-sports career healthy ageing: The Janus-faced, high-performance sport
Authors: Lelbach A. , Dörnyei G. , Ihász F. , Koller A.
Published: August 2020

By now, there is no doubt that regular physical exercise has an overall beneficial effect on each organ of the body. However, the effects of highly competitive sports (HCS) are more complex, as they exert greater demands on the cardiovascular and metabolic systems, among others. Strength, athletic, and aesthetic sport types each has a different exercise intensity and nutritional loading, as well as a different prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases at a later age. HCS athletes experience hypertension and mental stress during competitions and high nutritional loads between them. The post-career effects of this behaviour on the heart, arteries, cellular metabolism, and risk of obesity, are not well known and are not often the focus of research. In this review, we aimed to summarize the post-career effects of HCS. Based on data in the literature, we propose that athletes involved in highly competitive strength sports progressively develop metabolic syndrome and sustained elevated blood pressure.
Jama’ah Rifa`iyah: From Radicalism to Indonesian Islamic Fundamentalism
Authors: Atamimi Abdul Basit , Mulyana Mulyana , Nurhasanah Siti
Published: August 2020

The Rifa`iyah Jama'ah is one of the Islamic mass organizations in Indonesia founded by Kiai Ahmad Rifa` I who seems to have disappeared from circulation because of the views handed down from the days of the Dutch colonial administration, that this group or teachings were heretical and opposed to more ulama moderate against the Netherlands. The purpose of this article is to find out the movements and teachings of the Raifa`iyah Jama'ah which are considered by some to be radical, and exclusivist organizations, but over time the Rifa`iyah congregation becomes a more lenient fundamentalist organization towards the government as an effort of existence organization to be accepted by the Indonesian people in general and not be considered a radical and heretical organization by the wider community. This research is library research. This study found three main findings that the teachings and political thought of KiaiRifa'i focused on three things: first, the Dutch colonial government was Kafir, and it was haram to be followed because it was oppressing the people. Secondly, the traditional bureaucrats, including the princes and ulemas who collaborated with the Dutch, were Dutch accomplices and they were wicked. Third, the practice of religion must not be mixed with the beliefs of the ancestors, which are considered heretical and polytheistic. Of course, such teachings were considered very dangerous by the Dutch. So on May 15, 1859, he was arrested and then exiled to Ambon, Maluku. Ten years in Ambon, he was moved to Sulawesi until he died in 1869. He was buried in the Kyai Mojo tomb complex, on a hill about one km from Kampung Jawa Tondano, Minahasa, Manado, North Sulawesi.
Getting It Wrong
Authors: Purkiss Diane
Published: August 2020

This article is an examination of recent best-selling fictions and television adaptations which portray the history of witchcraft, often using outmoded historical theses, and often falsifying the known life histories of actual convicted witches. This article argues that these fictions, marked by problematically eugenicist ideas of magic, and in one case by a very uncomfortable appropriation of the Holocaust, are ultimately unhelpful to Pagans because they falsify history and deny the real needs of the contemporary Pagan communities.
Efficiency of Peer Tutoring Program at the Alabama College of Osteopathic Medicine (ACOM)
Authors: KC Kailash , Mbanaso Alozie , Chosie Kim , Segui Emmanuel
Published: August 2020

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. Introduction: The benefits of peer tutoring programs in improving peer tutees' overall academic performance are well-documented in the context of various academic settings, including allopathic medical schools. However, there exists very few published studies that have evaluated the impact of such peer tutoring programs in an osteopathic medical school setting.The goal of this retrospective study is to evaluate the impact of peer tutoring program, namely the Academic Assistance Program (AAP) in academic performance of peer tutees at the Alabama College of Osteopathic Medicine (ACOM). Methods: Twenty-eight peer tutees in their first-year and fifteen peer tutors in their second-year at ACOM participated in the AAP. To evaluate the academic performance of peer tutees, we compared their final exam test scores (individual courses and cumulative) with their corresponding test scores before enrolling in AAP, which consisted of scores from their first exam in the beginning of calendar year (Exam 1), undergraduate study, and MCAT. Results: The peer tutees' final test scores (for both category: individual courses and cumulative) were significantly higher than their Exam 1 scores as assessed by two-tailed, unpaired t-test (both cases, p < 0.005). We also found that the peer tutees' final cumulative scores (without lab scores) do not correlate with neither their MCAT scores (r = -0.13) nor with their undergraduate science GPA (r = 0.15). While their Exam 1 scores showed a weak correlation with their undergraduate science GPA (r = 0.38), no such correlation was found when compared to their MCAT scores (r = -0.02). Discussion and Conclusion: Our data suggest that peer tutoring programs such as the AAP can contribute to improving students' overall academic performance. Additional comparative study should be conducted to assess long-term impact of such programs on not only peer tutees but also peer tutors.
Caracterización Clínica del trastorno límite de la personalidad
Authors: Aguilar Calle Carolina , Marín Bolívar María Alejandra , Arévalo Becerra María Claudia
Published: August 2020

El trastorno límite de la personalidad (TLP) hace parte de uno de los trastornos mayormente diagnosticados en la actualidad, sin embargo, los tratamientos desarrollados no han logrado demostrar una efectividad en todos los casos y no hay una evolución reciente en la formulación de planes de intervención. Con el objetivo de conocer el estado de desarrollo de este tema, se realizó una revisión no sistemática de 32 estudios que daban cuenta de los factores de riesgo, criterios diagnósticos, y métodos de intervención clínica para el TLP. Se encontró que esta patología presenta una mayor tendencia en las personas que han vivido eventos traumáticos tempranos y que la terapia dialéctico conductual ha demostrado tener mayor efectividad en el tratamiento. En concordancia con los hallazgos, se evidencian limitaciones en las formas de intervención, por lo cual se recomienda realizar estudios que apunten a fortalecer las modalidades de tratamiento.
DISEÑO DE ESTRATEGIAS DE TRABAJO SEGURO EN ALTURAS EN EMPLEADOS ANALFABETAS DEL SECTOR DE LA CONSTRUCCIÓN EN COLOMBIA
Authors: Arroyave Betancur Shirley
Published: August 2020

El proyecto tuvo como objetivo el desarrollo de estrategias en la población analfabeta funcional de un centro de formación en trabajo en alturas de la ciudad de Medellín para facilitar la adquisición del conocimiento en temas relacionados con la prevención de accidentes laborales en el sector de la construcción por caídas desde alturas, siguiendo una metodología descriptiva con un enfoque mixto, así como una investigación participativa en el que se tomó una muestra de 591 trabajadores.Como primera parte se hizo una caracterización de la población del centro de formación, en la que se evidenció que el 46,5% de las personas laboran en construcción, y que el nivel de escolaridad en un 40,6% de la muestra solo alcanza la primaria, así mismo, se encontró que poseen niveles de escritura y lectura muy bajos con un 74,6%. Posteriormente, mediante observación y revisión documental se analizó el contenido del curso actual impartido, encontrando que los módulos no están diseñados para este tipo de población, si no por el contrario requieren que las personas sepan leer y escribir, siendo un curso no inclusivo.Con base en lo anterior, se diseñó una propuesta de formación inclusiva, pedagógica y didáctica que logré generar las competencias y habilidades necesarias en esta población para la prevención de los accidentes de trabajo.
Representaciones sociales del suicidio en seis adolescentes de una I. E de Sogamoso
Authors: Alzate Vergara Isabel Cristina , Reyes Ríos Esperanza , Pérez Aristizábal Maribel , Muriel Suaza Sandra Marcela , Pérez Rodríguez Saul Mauricio
Published: August 2020

El suicidio es un fenómeno social importante para la humanidad, convirtiéndose en una de las tres primeras causas de muerte entre jóvenes, debido a las exigencias sociales y las características propias de la adolescencia. En esta investigación se pretende describir las representaciones sociales sobre el suicidio en estudiantes de décimo grado de una I.E de Sogamoso. El estudio es de tipo cualitativo, descriptivo. Se realizan 6 entrevistas a profundidad. El análisis se realizó a través de codificación axial. Se encontró que las representaciones sociales del suicidio en los adolescentes de la institución se agrupan en torno a perturbaciones emocionales, relaciones sociales inestables o disfuncionales, situaciones en la familia, reflejando como factores de riesgo la depresión y el acoso escolar. Se evidencia la importancia de considerar la valoración subjetiva en cuanto a la depresión y las situaciones estresantes y su relación con el suicidio.
EL CONSUMO DE MARIHUANA UNA REALIDAD EN LOS JÓVENES UNIVERSITARIOS
Authors: Avella Correa Yessica Alejandra , Rodriguez Suarez Susana , Blanco Ramírez Juan Carlos , Ruiz Mejía María Elena , Medina Villamizar Ronald
Published: August 2020

Se analizaron las diferentes circunstancias que llevaron a los jóvenes universitarios al consumo de marihuana, por lo que la unidad de análisis fueron personas de la facultad de Ciencias Sociales y la dimensión espacial fue la Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Bogotá. Como criterio de inclusión se entrevistaron estudiantes de tercer semestre que manifestaron haber consumido marihuana por alguna vez en su vida. El enfoque fenomenológico que permitió estudiar la problemática de estos jóvenes tal y como ellos las experimentan y/o perciben, no basado en teorías. Para recolectar la información se aplicó la entrevista semiestructurada que permitieron a los informantes expresarse libremente y con ello se sumunistró información acerca de las circunstancias que los motivó a consumir este tipo de alucinógeno. Se realizaron 3 entrevistas en el que se determinó que el consumo de varios jóvenes se encuentra asociado a dificultades de tipo afectivo y emocional.
El teletrabajo desde la perspectiva de la salud laboral
Authors: Idárraga Areiza Alejandra Maria , Ramírez Londoño Cristian , González Mesa Amelia
Published: August 2020

Inicialmente, el semillero de Salud Laboral, pretende ahondar en diferentes factores relacionados con promoción de la salud física, mental y prevención de la enfermedad en contextos laborales desde la perspectiva académica, a través de la identificación y valoración de los riesgos emergentes con el fin de plantear alternativas de prevención que apunten a poblaciones de alto impacto como:1. Investigar en aspectos relacionados con la salud laboral2. Generar propuestas de mejora en procesos encaminados a la prevención de la enfermedad.3. Valoración de necesidades proyectadas al mejoramiento de la salud física y mental.
VARIABLES SOCIODEMOGRÁFICAS QUE INCIDEN EN LAS COMPETENCIAS DIGITALES DEL PROFESORADO UNIVERSITARIO
Authors: Orozco Cazco Gustavo , Cabezas González Marcos , Martínez Abad Fernando , Alexander Abaunza Geovanny
Published: August 2020

La educación en los últimos años ha experimentado cambios sustanciales en lo académico, administrativo y organizacional, debido a la irrupción de las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicaciones (TIC). Esta situación ha provocado pasar de una sociedad de la información a una sociedad del conocimiento, la cual exige algunas competencias claves para un mejor desempeño profesional. En este sentido, el objetivo de este trabajo es determinar si existe relación entre las variables edad, género y área del conocimiento de los profesores universitarios de Ecuador y sus competencias digitales. La metodología utilizada fue cuantitativa, con un diseño no experimental transversal, y su alcance de tipo descriptivo e inferencial. Se trabajó con una muestra de 657 docentes, a quienes se les aplicó un instrumento de 50 ítems, para identificar las cinco dimensiones abordadas de la competencia digital. Entre los resultados obtenidos, están las diferencias significativas encontradas entre algunas competencias digitales, en relación con la edad y área de conocimiento del profesorado. Como conclusión, se manifiesta la necesidad de desarrollar estrategias para implementar programas de formación orientados al desarrollo de las competencias digitales del profesorado, considerando las diferencias individuales y necesidades de capacitación, con la finalidad de evitar la infrautilización de los recursos tecnológicos.
Past, current and future use of physical models in civil engineering design
Authors: Addis Bill
Published: August 2020

Prior to the 1970s it was common for the designers of major civil engineering projects to use experimental tests on reduced-scale physical models to complement design calculations made by hand. Since then the use of physical models has declined as the power and reliability of computer modelling has grown. However, they have by no means disappeared. Following a review of the growth of physical modelling since the 1870s, this paper provides an overview of how it is still able to make an essential contribution to civil engineering design, particularly when used alongside numerical modelling, and how such work may develop in the future.
The what and how in scripted lesson plans: the case of the Gauteng Primary Language and Mathematics Strategy
Authors: Shalem Yael , Steinberg Carola , Koornhof Hannchen , De Clercq Francine
Published: August 2020

Lesson plans are advocated as useful forms of teacher support because they can expand a repertoire of teaching practices. But what kinds of scripted instruction can effectively guide and improve teachers’ instruction and how can lesson plans achieve that? This article examines the nature and purpose of the scripted lesson plans (SLPs) used in the Gauteng primary education system and then investigates how teachers enacted these routinised SLPs. Through a review of the literature on teaching English language and on SLPs, the article assesses the opportunities and challenges afforded by the Gauteng Primary Language and Mathematics Strategy’s (GPLMS’s) lesson plans for Grade 3 English as First Additional Language (FAL). Then, through an analysis of an English FAL lesson taught differently by two teachers, it points to the many professional judgements made by the teachers as they enact the prescribed teaching routine. Our analysis suggests, firstly, that the knowledge resources given to teachers need to be considerably more detailed and, secondly, that teachers need strong subject matter knowledge to transmit the conceptual relations that underlie the teaching routines of the lesson plan.
A systems thinking perspective on change processes in a Teacher Professional Development programme
Authors: Brown Bruce
Published: August 2020

This article discusses the developing practice of Foundation Phase teachers involved in a three-year professional development programme. A number of substantive changes in practice were noted over this period and these changes were supported and maintained by the interaction of a number of different factors. The article takes a systems thinking perspective to formulate and analyse these changes and their interactions, as a complex system of change. This analysis enabled the identification of a number of closed loop interaction effects that supported and maintained the changes in practice. As well as providing insight into the particular change processes in this professional development programme, the article demonstrates the efficacy of this analytical perspective both for the analysis of the complex systems of change arising in professional development, and for the identification of processes and principles relevant to professional development programmes in general.
It is possible to maintain productivity and quality standards in carnation with less nitrogen in the fertigation formula
Authors: Baracaldo Adriana Del Pilar , Flórez Víctor J. , González Carlos A.
Published: August 2020

Although nitrogen is the most widely used fertilizer in agriculture, it contaminates the surface and groundwater through leaching. A decrease in the concentration of total nitrogen and changes in the ammonium:nitrate ratio can provide information for a better use of this nutrient. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a decrease in total nitrogen and an increase in the percentage of N-NH4+ on indicators of growth, productivity, quality and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in carnation cultivation. In the Centro Agropecuario Marengo at the Universidad Nacional de Colombia, two concentrations of total nitrogen were evaluated (200-140 mg L-1 in the vegetative phase and 160-112 mg L-1 in the productive phase) with three ratios of N-NH4:N-NO3 (5:95, 15:85 and 25:75) in standard carnation plants cv. Don Pedro grown in substrate. In both fertigation formulas, similar productivity and qualities were obtained, and the formula with less total N provided better NUE, mitigating the negative impact of this nutrient on the environment. Likewise, the ammoniacal component played a preponderant role: the number of floral stems per plant decreased as the ammoniacal component increased, similar to that observed with the percentage of flowering stems in the ‘Select’ quality grade.
Selection of half-sib families of creole melon (Cucumis melo L.) on the Ecuadorian coast
Authors: Espinosa Francisco , Vallejo Franco Alirio , Rizzo Lauden
Published: August 2020

The creole melon cantaloupe is a horticultural species, whose fruits are used for human nutrition. However, no research has been reported on their genetic variability for starting breeding processes. The objective of this study was to take advantage of the variability of creole melons for genetic improvement. 20 creole melon half-sib families were selected and evaluated for production characteristics and fruit quality in order to obtain improved populations. The study was carried out in Palenque canton, Ecuador. Seeds from 20 half-sib families were used, arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The differences between the families were significant for all the studied characteristics. Family 93 presented higher averages for fruit weight, fruit diameter and production (per hectare), and family 196 did so for soluble solids. The phenotypic correlations were positive and significant between the fruit weight and fruit diameter, fruit length, pulp thickness, fruit cavity, soluble solids and production. The coefficients of genetic variation, in general, were lower than the coefficients of environmental variation. The estimates of heritability broadly had a moderate magnitude (30-60%) for the 10 evaluated characteristics, and the magnitude of the expected genetic progress was low (<10%) for the fruit weight, production, and soluble solids, so the selection for high production should focus on fruit weight and soluble solids.
Effect of trans-zeatin riboside application on growth of banana (Musa AAA Simmonds) cv. Williams in the juvenile phase
Authors: Schiller Luis Gregorio , Magnitskiy Stanislav
Published: August 2020

Cytokinins are physiologically active adenine derivatives that are vital to the regulation of various developmental processes in plants, such as vegetative growth and flower induction. The objective of this study was to understand how the application of cytokinin trans-zeatin riboside affects growth in banana (Musa AAA Simmonds) cv. Williams plants during the vegetative phase on two farms located in the production zone of the Magdalena province, Colombia. The effect of trans-zeatin riboside applications at doses of 0.00, 0.05, 0.25, or 0.45 mg L-1 via foliar spraying was evaluated, with 15 days between the applications, starting with transplant to the field and lasting until 10 weeks of growth. The treatment 0.05 mg L-1 of cytokinin resulted in increases in the plant growth variables, such as height in V, pseudostem diameter, leaf width, and leaf area.
Impact of phosphorus and luminosity on the propagation, photochemical reactions and quality of Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E.Br. seedlings
Authors: Santos Cleberton Correia , Franco-Rodrigues Alejandro , Araujo Gonzalo Manuel , Scalon Silvana De Paula Quintão , Vieira Maria Do Carmo
Published: August 2020

Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E.Br. (lemongrass) is a spice and medicinal plant species, with fledgling studies related to mineral nutrition and luminosity on foliar and vegetative responses. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the foliar aspects and production of L. alba under two light conditions (full sun and 50% shading ) and four levels of phosphorus-P (0, 150, 300 and 450 mg kg-1). The L. alba seedlings presented changes in physiological indices and photochemical responses based on chlorophyll-a fluorescence. The phosphate fertilization helped mitigate the light stress for the synthesis of chlorophylls. The greatest leaf biomass production occurred with addition of P. The principal components analysis explained 74% of the variability, with leaf number, initial fluorescence and specific leaf area in principal component 1 (PC 1) and bud number, survival and leaf area in PC 2. Two groups formed in the cluster analysis, with lower distances between P300 full sun and P450 shading (2.31). The seedlings cultivated under full sun presented a higher survivability and seedling quality. The production of L. alba seedlings should be done under full sun with the addition of 450 mg kg-1 of phosphorus.
Chlorophyll fluorescence and other physiological parameters as indicators of waterlogging and shadow stress in lulo (Solanum quitoense var. septentrionale) seedlings
Authors: Sánchez-Reinoso Alefsi David , Jiménez-Pulido Yulieth , Martínez-Pérez Jean Paul , Pinilla Carlos Salvador , Fischer Gerhard
Published: August 2020

Climate change has resulted in an increasing frequency of the phenomenon “La Niña,” generating prolonged periods of waterlogging and low light. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of two abiotic stresses: shading (65%) and waterlogging, and their interaction on fluorescence parameters of chlorophyll a in lulo (Solanum quitoense var. septentrionale) seedlings. A completely randomized design with a factorial arrangement was implemented. The first factor consisted of two levels of light (with and without shading). The second factor were four levels of duration of the waterlogging period (0, 3, 6 and 9 days), for a total of 8 treatments with three replicates. The response variables were recorded at 6, 12 and 18 days after the application of the waterlogging treatments began. Measurements of relative water content (RWC), electrolyte leakage, chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a fluorescence were recorded. The lulo plants appeared to be more susceptible to waterlogging than to shading, with a lower RWC when waterlogged 6 and 9 days, presenting damage at the level of photosystem II from day 3, causing a decrease in the chlorophyll content. The plants flooded under shading had a greater tolerance to this factor than those cultivated in full light. The techniques of quantification of the chlorophyll a fluorescence, especially the maximum quantum efficiency of the PSII, the effective photochemical quantum yield of PS II and the photochemical quenching were useful tools that characterized the lulo seedlings under stress conditions.
Review of the concept of quality in Hass avocado and the pre-harvest and harvest factors that determine it under tropical conditions
Authors: Ramírez-Gil Joaquín Guillermo , Franco German , Henao-Rojas Juan Camilo
Published: August 2020

Avocado is one of the most desirable fruits worldwide because of its flavor and nutritional contributions. Currently, Colombia is a very dynamic country where the cultivated area and volumes of exported fruits have been increasing year after year. This situation poses a challenge for the country, which must produce fruits with excellent parameters of ripening, external and internal quality. This study used a series of elements associated with quality in avocado and its application in tropical conditions, which were determined based on reports from the world scientific literature reported in journals, books, manuals and conferences. In addition, information obtained from commercial esays on plantations and the experiences of packing and marketing companies in Colombia was used. The approach presented here is associated with a modern concept of quality in the food industry and how it can be applied to the avocado value chain; preharvest aspects that determine quality, management practices conducive to improving quality, and harvest parameters and their relationship with quality were also used. This study generated alternatives for increasing the added value in the avocado production system based on quality parameters and identified delays in the supply chain of this important agro-industry under tropical conditions.
Plant density and growth regulator applications in a tomato crop for industrial processing
Authors: Carvalho Fábio José , Carneiro Lorena Braz , Benett Cleiton Gredson Sabin , Benett Katiane Santiago Silva , Martins Anne Silva , Silva Amanda Tavares Da , Seleguini Alexsander
Published: August 2020

Growth regulators are used in agriculture to reduce vegetative growth, promote flowering and fruiting processes, and regulate production alternations. In this study, the effects of the use of paclobutrazol (PBZ) and different plant arrangements on the development and productive yield tomatoes grown for industrial use were evaluated. This experiment was carried out in the experimental area of the Universidade Estadual de Goiás, in a randomized block design with a 2×5 factorial arrangement (presence of PBZ and absence of PBZ in seedlings × planting spacing), with four replications and ten plants per plot. The paclobutrazol (growth regulator) applications were carried out in seedlings 15 days after emergence by applying 3.5 mL of the solution per tray at a concentration of 42.5 mg L-1 using a commercial product containing 25% of the active ingredient for the solution. The spacings were 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30, and 0.35 m between plants and 1.4 m between rows, corresponding to populations of 47,619; 35,714; 28,714; 23,809 and 20,408 plants/ha, respectively. The initial growth and development of the seedlings, characteristics related to productivity, and the physical and chemical quality of fruits harvested in each experiment were evaluated. It was observed that the application of paclobutrazol influenced the phylotechnical characteristics and technological quality of tomato fruits grown for industrial processing. The planting spacings between 0.21 and 0.27 m had better crop development and productivity.
Substrates and organic sources for Physalis peruviana L. seedling production
Authors: Melo Aniela Pilar Campos De , Fernandes Paulo Marçal , Silva-Neto Carlos de Melo E , Souza Eli Regina Barboza De , Guimarães Ricardo Neves , Melo Ariane Carla Campos De , Seleguini Alexsander
Published: August 2020

The objective was to determine the effect of commercial substrates and organic sources on the production of cape gooseberry seedlings (Physalis peruviana L.). The design was completely randomized with a 2×3 factorial scheme using two commercial substrates (Carolina®, Bioplant®) and three organic sources (control, vermicompost enriched with yoorin thermophosphate and poultry manure) for seedling production. Adding poultry manure to commercial substrates negatively affects precocity and emergence. Carolina® is a suitable substrate for cape gooseberry seedling production without supplements using organic sources. Bioplant® behaves more like an emergence conditioner, requiring supplementation with organic sources (preferably vermicompost). Seedlings that are suitable for transplant can be obtained at 47 days after sowing.
SITES OF MESOZOIC VERTEBRATES ON THE TERRITORY OF LUGANSK REGION (UKRAINE)
Authors: Dernov V. , Udovichenko M.
Published: August 2020

The purpose of the work is to determine the state of study and the prospects for further research on the vertebrate animals remains from the Mesozoic deposits of the Lugansk region. To achieve this goal, collection and generalization of information on the locations of vertebral remains among the Mesozoic deposits of Lugansk region were made. Despite the considerable amount of findings of various groups of Mesozoic vertebrates remains in the Donets Basin territories adjoining them, their systematic and purposeful study, unfortunately, was not conducted in Lugansk region, although indications of the findings of the Mesozoic vertebrates remains in the Luhansk region occur quite often. As a result of the processing of published materials and preliminary interpretation of field observations, a list of 20 sites located mainly on the right bank of the Siversky Donets within the Lugansk region is compiled. Almost all the places are confined to the Upper Cretaceous deposits, much less – to the basal layers of the Paleogene and only one to the Triassic. The vast majority of the locations of the Upper Cretaceous are confined to the area in contact with an array of coal deposits (the so-called "open Carboniferous"). Outwards from it, the rocks are more open-sea and they drastically reduce the diversity of the fossil fauna. Therefore, outlining the range of promising areas regarding finding vertebrate animals remains one should be aware of the above-mentioned pattern of their placement. Triassic deposits of the Donbas are not at all investigated for finding the remains of vertebrates, although their potential is very significant. Nevertheless, due to the small area of the Triassic deposits outcrop in the Lugansk region, searches need to be directed to the west – in the Donetsk and Kharkiv regions.
Contribuições da equipe de saúde bucal para o acolhimento em uma Unidade de Saúde da Família: Relato de Experiência
Authors: Cruz Lima Arthur Igor , De Santana Silva Marcos Vinicius , Fagundes Silva Juliane Kely , De Souza Pacheco Taiana Cristine
Published: August 2020

A Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF) tem como objetivo principal reorganizar a Atenção Básica de acordo com os princípios do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) visando expandir, qualificar e consolidar a Atenção Primária reorganizando o processo de trabalho, ampliando a resolutividade e causando impacto positivo na saúde de indivíduos e comunidades. No Brasil, o conceito de Acolhimento atende aos requisitos básicos da estratégia em Saúde a partir da implantação da Política Nacional de Humanização (PNH), que repensa o modelo de gestão do SUS. O acolhimento perpassa desde o acesso inicial do usuário no sistema até a resolução das suas questões de saúde. Em Saúde Bucal, o acolhimento é uma ferramenta capaz de direcionar a organização e o planejamento das atividades garantindo o acesso da demanda espontânea, urgências e necessidades cotidianas da população. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar a experiência das contribuições da equipe de saúde bucal para o acolhimento diário em uma unidade de saúde da família (USF) em Lauro de Freitas, região metropolitana de Salvador, no estado da Bahia.
Reflexões sobre Democracia, SUS e Saúde Bucal como direito.
Authors: Barbosa Swedenberger do Nascimento
Published: August 2020

O objetivo do trabalho é relacionar a conquista democrática do Direito à saúde e sua formalização, a partir da Constituição Federal do Brasil, de 1988, destacando a contribuição das Conferências Nacionais de Saúde para alcançar tal objetivo. No caso específico, como as Conferências Nacionais de Saúde Bucal, contribuíram para alcançar a atual Política Nacional de Saúde Bucal (PNSB) e o desafio de manter e ampliar este direito de cidadania, de forma ética e responsável pelos próximos anos. São apresentados conceitos de democracia, cidadania e direitos como conquista, num percurso histórico em que as lutas democráticas lograram êxito em alcançar políticas sociais de caráter público e universal, como o SUS., como um dever do Estado e um direito de todos. São citados estudos que permitem elevar preocupações quanto a continuidades das atuais políticas sociais de caráter universal e neste sentido, busca-se demonstrar que está em curso retrocessos na democracia brasileira, com um “modelo” proposto de Estado Mínimo que, se efetivado plenamente, não garantirá as políticas universais necessárias a atender os interesses da maioria da população brasileira. Por fim, busca-se estabelecer alguns pressupostos para que se possa manter os direitos e conquistas como avanços civilizatórios e éticos.