bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differential perceptions of teamwork, focused work and perceived productivity as an effect of desk characteristics within a workplace layout
Authors: Sailer Kerstin , Koutsolampros Petros , Pachilova Rosica
Published: April 2021

The impact of the physical workplace on behaviors and attitudes at work is a much-studied topic. Major research streams over the last decades investigated either satisfaction with offices in relation to physical comfort, or how layout decisions influenced interaction and collaboration in the workplace with a focus on open-plan offices. Rather little is known on the effect a workplace layout (such as its openness) has on perceptions of staff regarding teamwork, focused work and perceived productivity. We aim to close this gap by taking a differential approach which appreciates detailed variations within open-plan offices. Not every corner of an office is the same, so the question arises whether satisfaction with workspace differs depending on where someone is sitting. Bringing results of a staff survey in the UK headquarters of a global technology company together with a detailed analysis of spatial qualities at desks based on isovist and visual field analysis, we find that staff are less likely to rate their workplace environment favorably when they have higher numbers of desks within their own field of vision; and when they are facing away from the room with a relatively larger area behind their back compared to the area surrounding them. Aspects of teamwork that are negatively affected include sharing information with others, as well as team identity and cohesion. Focused work (concentration) and working productively are impacted even more so with the largest effect sizes throughout. These findings highlight the relevance of investigating detailed spatial qualities of micro-locations in workplace layouts. Our results also raise important questions regarding the current popular practice in workplace design of providing large open-plan offices for technology companies.
Social dominance and multiple dimensions of psychopathology: An experimental test of reactivity to leadership and subordinate roles
Authors: Johnson Sheri L. , Swerdlow Benjamin , Tharp Jordan A. , Chen Serena , Tackett Jennifer , Zeitzer Jamie
Published: April 2021

Background

Theory and research suggest that social dominance is important for multiple forms of psychopathology, and yet few studies have considered multiple dimensions of psychopathology simultaneously, and relatively few have used well-validated behavioral indices.

Method

Among 81 undergraduates, we used a well-validated experimental approach of assigning participants to a leadership or subordinate position, and we examined how self-rated severity of depression, social anxiety, manic tendencies, and psychopathy relate to psychophysiological and affective reactivity to this role.

Results

Consistent with hypotheses, manic symptoms related to more discomfort in the subordinate role compared to the leadership role, as evidenced by more decline in positive affect, more discomfort, and a larger RSA decline, while depression symptoms related to a more positive response to the subordinate role than the leadership role, including more positive affect and more comfort in the assigned role. Social anxiety was related to discomfort regardless of the assigned role, and those with higher psychopathy symptoms did not show differential response to assigned roles.

Limitations

Findings are limited by the mild symptom levels and absence of hormonal data.

Conclusions

Findings provide novel transdiagnostic evidence for the importance of social dominance to differentiate diverse forms of psychopathology.
Impact of big data analytics on sales performance in pharmaceutical organizations: The role of customer relationship management capabilities
Authors: Shahbaz Muhammad , Gao Changyuan , Zhai Lili , Shahzad Fakhar , Luqman Adeel , Zahid Rimsha
Published: April 2021

In this era of technology development, every business wants to equip its salesforce with a sustainable salesforce automation system to improve sales performance and customer relationship management (CRM) capabilities. This study investigates the impact of big data analytics (BDA) on CRM capabilities and the sales performance of pharmaceutical organizations. A research model was tested based on 416 valid responses collected from pharmaceutical companies through a structured questionnaire. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed using Smart-PLS3 to confirm the contribution of BDA to improving CRM capabilities and sales performance. The study finds that individual characteristics such as self-efficacy, playfulness, and social norms, along with organizational characteristics such as voluntariness, user involvement, user participation, and management support, are positive predictors of salesforce perception of BDA. This positive perception of BDA increased the person-technology fit in the salesforce, which ultimately increased the CRM capabilities and sales performance.
Combination of strontium chloride and photobiomodulation in the control of tooth sensitivity post-bleaching: A split-mouth randomized clinical trial
Authors: Pompeu Danielle da Silva , de Paula Brennda Lucy Freitas , Barros Antônia Patricia Oliveira , Nunes Samir Costa , Carneiro Alexandra Melo Pingarilho , Araújo Jesuína Lamartine Nogueira , Silva Cecy Martins
Published: April 2021

Objective

This split-mouth randomized controlled clinical trial assessed the effect of 10% strontium chloride in combination with photobiomodulation (PBM) for the control of tooth sensitivity (TS) post-bleaching.

Methods

The upper/lower, right and left quadrants of fifty volunteers were randomized and allocated to four groups (n = 25): PLACEBO—placebo gel + simulation of PBM; Placebo + PBM; STRONTIUM—10% strontium chloride + simulation of PBM; and PBM + STRONTIUM—10% strontium chloride + PBM. All groups received tooth bleaching treatment with 35% hydrogen peroxide. For the PBM treatment, the laser tip was positioned in the apical and cervical regions of the teeth bleached in the respective hemi-arch. The laser system was operated in continuous mode, using 1.7 J of energy. A dose of 60 J/cm2 was applied to each point for 16 seconds under 808 nm near-infrared light (100mW of power), with a point area of 0.028 cm2. TS was assessed during a 21-day follow-up, using the modified visual analogue scale.

Results

In the intragroup assessment, the Friedman test indicated that PBM + STRONTIUM promoted the greatest reduction in TS after the second week of treatment (p ≤ 0.05). The Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test indicated that the groups Placebo + PBM, STRONTIUM, and STRONTIUM + PBM did not differ statistically (p ≥ 0.05) in the first and third weeks of treatment The group PLACEBO exhibited the greatest TS in the first three days after each bleaching session.

Conclusion

The combination of 10% strontium chloride with PBM was effective in reducing post-bleaching TS; however, the combination of 10% strontium chloride with PBM was effective in reducing post-bleaching TS; however, it did not differ from the individual use of Placebo + PBM or STRONTIUM groups assessed after 21 days of follow-up.
Does the U.S. Navy’s reliance on objective standards prevent discrimination in promotions and retentions?
Authors: Golan Amos , Greene William H. , Perloff Jeffrey M.
Published: April 2021

To prevent discrimination, the U.S. Navy enlisted-personnel promotion process relies primarily on objective measures. However, it also uses the subjective opinion of a sailor’s superior. The Navy’s promotion and retention process involves two successive decisions: The Navy decides whether to promote an individual, and conditional on that decision, the sailor decides whether to stay. Using estimates of these correlated decision-making processes, we find that during 1997–2008, Blacks and Hispanics were less likely to be promoted than Whites, especially during wartime. The Navy’s decision-making affects Blacks’ differential promotion rates by twice as much as differences in the groups’ characteristics. However, Nonwhite retention probabilities, even when not promoted, are higher than for Whites, in part because they have fewer opportunities in the civilian market. Females have lower promotion rates than males and slightly lower retention rates during wartime.
Does the COVID-19 war metaphor influence reasoning?
Authors: Panzeri Francesca , Di Paola Simona , Domaneschi Filippo
Published: April 2021

In recent times, many alarm bells have begun to sound: the metaphorical presentation of the COVID-19 emergency as a war might be dangerous, because it could affect the way people conceptualize the pandemic and react to it, leading citizens to endorse authoritarianism and limitations to civil liberties. The idea that conceptual metaphors actually influence reasoning has been corroborated by Thibodeau and Boroditsky, who showed that, when crime is metaphorically presented as a beast, readers become more enforcement-oriented than when crime is metaphorically framed as a virus. Recently, Steen, Reijnierse and Burgers replied that this metaphorical framing effect does not seem to occur and suggested that the question should be rephrased about the conditions under which metaphors do or do not influence reasoning. In this paper, we investigate whether presenting the COVID-19 pandemic as a war affects people’s reasoning about the pandemic. Data collected suggest that the metaphorical framing effect does not occur by default. Rather, socio-political individual variables such as speakers’ political orientation and source of information favor the acceptance of metaphor congruent entailments: right-wing participants and participants relying on independent sources of information are those more conditioned by the COVID-19 war metaphor, thus more inclined to prefer bellicose options.
Characterization of glutathione S-transferase enzymes in Dictyostelium discoideum suggests a functional role for the GSTA2 isozyme in cell proliferation and development
Authors: Garige Mamatha , Walters Eric
Published: April 2021

In this report, we extend our previous characterization ofDictyostelium discoideumglutathione S-transferase (DdGST) enzymes that are expressed in the eukaryotic model organism. Transcript profiling ofgstA1-gstA5(alpha class) genes in vegetative, log phase cells identifiedgstA2andgstA3with highest expression (6–7.5-fold, respectively) when compared to othergstAtranscripts. Marked reductions in allgstAtranscripts occurred under starvation conditions, withgstA2andgstA3exhibiting the largest decreases (-96% and -86.6%, respectively). When compared to their pre-starvation levels, there was also a 60 percent reduction in total GST activity. Glutathione (GSH) pull-down assay and mass spectroscopy detected three isozymes (DdGSTA1, DdGSTA2 and DdGSTA3) that were predominantly expressed in vegetative cells. Biochemical and kinetic comparisons between rDdGSTA2 and rDdGSTA3 shows higher activity of rDdGSTA2 to the CDNB (1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene) substrate. RNAi-mediated knockdown of endogenous DdGSTA2 caused a 60 percent reduction in proliferation, delayed development, and altered morphogenesis of fruiting bodies, whereas overexpression of rDdGSTA2 enzyme had no effect. These findings corroborate previous studies that implicate a role for phase II GST enzymes in cell proliferation, homeostasis, and development in eukaryotic cells.
Leader-member exchange fosters nurses’ job and life satisfaction: The mediating effect of job crafting
Authors: Pan JiaLiang , Chiu Chui-Yu , Wu Kun-Shan
Published: April 2021

This study aims to evaluate the effects of leader-member exchange (LMX) on job and life satisfaction among nurses in China and to examine the mediating effect of individual and collaborative job crafting between LMX and job and life satisfaction. The study recruited 263 nurses who worked in hospitals in Zhejiang province, China. A set of self-administered questionnaires were used to measure the variables of LMX, job crafting, job and life satisfaction. The data was analyzed using the partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). The results reveal that LMX has a significant positive influence on job crafting and job satisfaction. Collaborative job crafting has a significant positive influence on the job satisfaction of nurses, whereas individual job crafting does not. Moreover, LMX will affect job satisfaction and life satisfaction through a partial mediating effect of both individual and collaborative job crafting. Finally, the article discusses the academically and practical implications, and also provide some suggestions and directions for the future research.
Hypertension as a sequela in patients of SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Chen Ganxiao , Li Xun , Gong Zuojiong , Xia Hao , Wang Yao , Wang Xuefen , Huang Yan , Barajas-Martinez Hector , Hu Dan
Published: April 2021

Background

COVID-19 is a respiratory infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, and cardiovascular damage is commonly observed in affected patients. We sought to investigate the effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on cardiac injury and hypertension during the current coronavirus pandemic.

Study design and methods

The clinical data of 366 hospitalized COVID-19-confirmed patients were analyzed. The clinical signs and laboratory findings were extracted from electronic medical records. Two independent, experienced clinicians reviewed and analyzed the data.

Results

Cardiac injury was found in 11.19% (30/268) of enrolled patients. 93.33% (28/30) of cardiac injury cases were in the severe group. The laboratory findings indicated that white blood cells, neutrophils, procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, lactate, and lactic dehydrogenase were positively associated with cardiac injury marker. Compared with healthy controls, the 190 patients without prior hypertension have higher AngⅡ level, of which 16 (8.42%) patients had a rise in blood pressure to the diagnostic criteria of hypertension during hospitalization, with a significantly increased level of the cTnI, procalcitonin, angiotensin-II (AngⅡ) than those normal blood pressure ones. Multivariate analysis indicated that elevated age, cTnI, the history of hypertension, and diabetes were independent predictors for illness severity. The predictive model, based on the four parameters and gender, has a good ability to identify the clinical severity of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients (area under the curve: 0.932, sensitivity: 98.67%, specificity: 75.68%).

Conclusion

Hypertension, sometimes accompanied by elevated cTnI, may occur in COVID-19 patients and become a sequela. Enhancing Ang II signaling, driven by SARS-CoV-2 infection, might play an important role in the renin-angiotensin system, and consequently lead to the development of hypertension in COVID-19.
Antiplatelet activity and chemical analysis of leaf and fruit extracts from Aristotelia chilensis
Authors: Rodríguez Lyanne , Trostchansky Andrés , Wood Irene , Mastrogiovanni Mauricio , Vogel Hermine , González Benita , Maróstica Junior Mario , Fuentes Eduardo , Palomo Iván
Published: April 2021

Aristotelia chilensis (Mol.) Stuntz, also known as maqui, is a plant native to Chile without chemical characterization and quantification of the bioactive compounds present in it. HPLC-UV and HPLC-MS/MS studies have shown the presence, at different concentrations, of phenolic and anthocyanin compounds in fruit and leave extracts of the domesticated maqui clones Luna Nueva, Morena, and Perla Negra. The extracts from leaves and unripe fruits of Luna Nueva and Morena clones significantly inhibit platelet aggregation induced by several agonists; the extracts inhibit platelet granule secretion by decreasing the exposure of P-selectin and CD63 at the platelet membrane. Reactive oxygen species formation in platelets is lower in the presence of maqui extracts. Statistical Pearson analysis supports the levels of phenolic and anthocyanin compounds being responsible for the antiaggregant maqui effects. This work is the first evidence of antiplatelet activity from Aristotelia chilensis giving added value to the use of leaves and unripe fruits from this species.
ATRX limits the accessibility of histone H3-occupied HSV genomes during lytic infection
Authors: Cabral Joseph M. , Cushman Camille H. , Sodroski Catherine N. , Knipe David M.
Published: April 2021

Histones are rapidly loaded on the HSV genome upon entry into the nucleus of human fibroblasts, but the effects of histone loading on viral replication have not been fully defined. We showed recently that ATRX is dispensable for de novo deposition of H3 to HSV genomes after nuclear entry but restricted infection through maintenance of viral heterochromatin. To further investigate the roles that ATRX and other histone H3 chaperones play in restriction of HSV, we infected human fibroblasts that were systematically depleted of nuclear H3 chaperones. We found that the ATRX/DAXX complex is unique among nuclear H3 chaperones in its capacity to restrict ICP0-null HSV infection. Only depletion of ATRX significantly alleviated restriction of viral replication. Interestingly, no individual nuclear H3 chaperone was required for deposition of H3 onto input viral genomes, suggesting that during lytic infection, H3 deposition may occur through multiple pathways. ChIP-seq for total histone H3 in control and ATRX-KO cells infected with ICP0-null HSV showed that HSV DNA is loaded with high levels of histones across the entire viral genome. Despite high levels of H3, ATAC-seq analysis revealed that HSV DNA is highly accessible, especially in regions of high GC content, and is not organized largely into ordered nucleosomes during lytic infection. ATRX reduced accessibility of viral DNA to the activity of a TN5 transposase and enhanced accumulation of viral DNA fragment sizes associated with nucleosome-like structures. Together, these findings support a model in which ATRX restricts viral infection by altering the structure of histone H3-loaded viral chromatin that reduces viral DNA accessibility for transcription. High GC rich regions of the HSV genome, especially the S component inverted repeats of the HSV-1 genome, show increased accessibility, which may lead to increased ability to transcribe the IE genes encoded in these regions during initiation of infection.
Lifeblood: Funding popular music education in Wales
Authors: Gable Olivia , Hannam James
Published: April 2021

This study investigates the funding of popular music education (PME) in Wales at a time when the Welsh government is examining its current Music Service provision. Our research considers the potential impact of this move on PME in Wales, alongside analysis of the availability of state-funded PME across the four UK nations. Music curricula and funding have historically favoured western art music (WEAM), with PME often happening in more informal settings. However, this situation has changed in recent years, with both state and private funders now providing more support for PME in Wales. Our research includes interviews with both funders and grantees offering PME activities across the country, finding that the terminology used to describe PME varies widely between organizations. We also observe that Welsh organizations face challenges in both applying for and receiving funding.
What can the Welsh school music sector learn from the community music movement?
Authors: Smith Rob
Published: April 2021

This article draws on theories of creative development articulated by Sawyer and Green as well as reflecting upon data from case studies of projects run in Wales with community ensembles Wonderbrass, South Wales Intercultural Community Arts and London-based Kinetica Bloco. It proposes a model of learning for music education in Wales that promotes active creative participation and fosters the speaking of a musical language rather than simply the reading of it. In the context of Welsh Government’s recent education review, the article advocates a music policy of creative engagement, with musical materials that go beyond the pedagogy of imitation. Here I propose a creative engagement method that empowers participants to interact with musical materials by creating their own musical statements within a musical style or language, whether through extemporization, improvisation or composition.
Incidence of Dental Caries and Periodontal Diseases among Adolescents Receiving Orthodontic Treatment in a Dental Institute in Virajpet
Authors: Nair Rohith A. , Jain Jitheesh , Praveena Jaseela , Shashidhar Keerthan , M.R. Pooja , Shetty Shishir
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of dental caries and periodontal diseases among adolescent subjects receiving orthodontic treatment in a dental institute. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Orthodontics and Orthopaedics, Coorg Institute of Dental Sciences, Virajpet, among 12-18-year-old subjects receiving orthodontic treatment from Coorg Institute of Dental Sciences, Virajpet. The data collected was coded and analysed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 21). Descriptive statistics included the frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation. RESULTS Incidence of dental caries was found to be 100 % (90) and incidence of gingival bleeding was found to be 100 % (90) among subjects receiving orthodontic treatment. About 94 % of study subjects did not have any oral mucosal conditions while 6 % study subjects had oral mucosal conditions. CONCLUSIONS The results showed that there was a high incidence of dental problems such as dental caries and periodontal disease among orthodontic patients while incidence of oral mucosal conditions was found to be 6 %. Orthodontic practitioners should stress upon the importance of maintaining proper oral hygiene to their patients. Hence, periodic evaluation is necessary to diagnose and treat these diseases at an early stage. KEY WORDS Caries, Periodontal Diseases, Incidence, Orthodontics, Dental Institute
Comparison of Intravenous Lignocaine and Dexmedetomidine for Attenuation of Hemodynamic Stress Response to Laryngoscopy and Endotracheal Intubation
Authors: Anandani Deepti N. , Kapdi Manisha S. , Patel Ami D. , Jain Pratik
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of intravenous lignocaine 1.5 mg / kg & intravenous dexmedetomidine 1 mcg / kg for attenuating the haemodynamic response to laryngoscopy & endotracheal intubation in patients undergoing elective surgery under general anaesthesia. METHODS In this prospective randomised, comparative, clinical study, 60 patients were randomly divided into 2 groups, among them 30 patients were given infusion of 1.5 mg / kg IV lignocaine, diluted to 10 ml with normal saline, 3 minutes before intubation & 30 patients were given infusion of dexmedetomidine 1 mcg / kg diluted to 25 ml in normal saline over 10 minutes through infusion pump before induction. The heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, rate pressure product, oxygen saturation were measured at baseline, after study drug intubation at L + 1, L + 3, L + 5, L + 7 & L + 10 (L is onset of laryngoscopy). Statistical analysis was done by using descriptive & inferential statistics using chisquare test, Students paired & unpaired t test to find out the significance of the five variables namely mean heart rate (HR), mean systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and mean rate pressure product (RPP). RESULTS Dexmedetomidine provided better blunting of stress response during laryngoscopy and intubation without causing clinically significant respiratory depression, bradycardia or hypotension. It is better in achieving a low RPP, which is a good predictor of myocardial oxygen consumption. Dexmedetomidine provides better cardio-protection in patients against pressure response than lignocaine. CONCLUSIONS In these 60 patients, dexmedetomidine (1 mcg / kg) was found to be superior to lignocaine (1.5 mg / kg) for attenuation of pressor response. KEY WORDS Laryngoscopy, Endotracheal Intubation, Dexmedetomidine, Lignocaine, Rate Pressure Product
Noni – An Effective Solution for Denture Storage
Authors: Duggal Surabhi , Vaishnavi Karthikeyan , D. Mohanalakshmi , Chopra Megha
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND A plant extract of Morinda citrifolia has been known as an analgesic to treat and heal patients with various health problems ranging from body aches to microbial infections. Every component of this medicinal plant can be made use of to cure diabetes and many other systemic disorders. The role of Morinda citrifolia in dentistry is mostly limited to endodontics, whereas not much evidence is seen in the area of prosthetic dentistry. Hence, the present study has been conducted to study the effects of this magical plant extract on storage and disinfection of acrylic dentures. METHODS Samples of ten rectangular heat-cured polymethylmethacrylate resin moulds were fabricated by the traditional technique of denture processing. Five specimens were dipped in distilled water (Group 1) and the other five specimens were immersed in Morinda citrifolia (Group 2) for 20 days after which they were subjected to UTM testing to evaluate flexural strength. Results were analysed using Mann Whitney Utest (P < 0.05). RESULTS Statistical analysis proves that polymethylmethacrylate slices immersed in the test group (Morinda citrifolia / group 2) showed superior thermal conductivity than the control group (P = 0.028). CONCLUSIONS The flexural strength of Polymethylmethacrylate had increased after storing in Morinda citrifolia for twenty days when compared to storage in distilled water. Thus, Morinda citrifolia can be used as an effective storage medium without any changes in the flexural strength. KEY WORDS Plant Extract in Dentistry, Thermal Conductivity, Heat Cure Acrylic Resin, Geriatric Patients
Libman-Sacks Endocarditis Involving Tricuspid Valve in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - A Case Report
Authors: Ghule Aishwarya , Gaidhane Shilpa Abhay , Acharya Sourya , Bagga Charan , Wanjari Anil
Published: April 2021

Libman-Sacks endocarditis is non-infectious thrombotic involvement of cardiac valves seen in systemic lupus erythematosus.1,2 Mitral valve followed by aortic valve are involved in systemic lupus erythematosus. However, involvement of tricuspid valve is rare.3 A case of a 36-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus with isolated tricuspid valve endocarditis has been reported here. Within the background of the relevant medical literature, this is a rare event. In systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, mostly the aortic and mitral valves are affected.4 Echo shows evidence of vegetation in tip and septa of tricuspid valve which is suggestive of Libman-Sacks endocarditis. In our case we have discussed Libman-Sacks endocarditis involving tricuspid valve.
Psychiatric Symptomatology in Medical Students in Lebanon: What about us?
Authors: Chabbouh Alfred , Al Haddad Carmen , El Bejjani Grace , Daou Vanessa , Chahoud Michele
Published: April 2021

Medical students are an at-risk population to develop mental health disorders, especially students in Lebanon who are facing constant additional stress due to the volatile situation in the country. The present study used the APA’s DSM-5 Self-Rated Level 1 Cross-Cutting Symptom Measure – Adult to screen for psychiatric symptoms in 12 different domains. Out of the sample of 364 students from all universities in Lebanon, only 5.2% had already a psychiatric diagnosis. Of the non-diagnosed subpopulation, a massive percentage of 92.75% screened positive and subsequently, were in need of further mental health evaluation. Roughly half of the participants described the existence of barriers for them to seek mental health services, finances and stigma being major reasons. Predictors of a more severe screen were being from a private university and previously being bullied. The situation in medical schools in Lebanon is profoundly alarming. Shouldn’t the health of future healthcare providers be a priority?
Kategorisasi Karakteristik Ruang Terbuka Hijau Publik untuk Menunjang Kenyamanan Kota Yogyakarta
Authors: Kurniati Ayu Candra , Zamroni Akhmad
Published: April 2021

Pentingnya ketersediaan RTH bukan hanya secara kualitatif namun juga kualitas bagi sebuah Kota diharapkan mampu untuk menunjang tingkat kenyamanan Kota. Kondisi lingkungan yang buruk dapat meningkatkan stres masyarakat karena terbatasnya ketersediaan ruang terbuka untuk berinteraksi sosial. Kenyamanan Kota Yogyakarta memiliki nilai terendah pada ketersediaan fasilitas ruang terbuka hijau. Terdapat beberapa RTHP di Kota Yogyakarta yang kurang ramah terhadap lansia, anak dan disabiltas karena kurangnya fasilitas dan kontur tanah lokasi RTHP yang dekat dengan sungai. Selain itu, terdapat 14 RTHP atau sebesar 29,79% yang memiliki kualitas kenyamanan tertinggi/sangat nyaman, 26 RTHP atau sebesar 55,32% yang memiliki kualitas kenyamanan sedang/nyaman dan 7 RTHP atau sebesar 14,89% yang memiliki kualitas kurang nyaman di Kota Yogyakarta. Berangkat dari pemikiran-pemikiran tersebut tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi karakteristik RTHP dalam menunjang kenyamanan Kota Yogyakarta. Hasil perbedaan karakteristik RTHP akan diklasifikasikan berdasarkan tujuh variabel kenyamanan Kota, yaitu variabel sirkulasi, kebersihan, keamanan, keindahan, bentuk, kebisingan dan penerangan.  Metode yang dipergunakan adalah analisis deskriptif kualitatif yang digambarkan dengan peta kategori RTHP masing-masing variabel. Kategori yang memiliki nilai kesamaan karakteristik dominan adalah kategori yang hanya terdiri dari dua-tiga kode kategori, seperti pada variabel keamanan, penerangan dan sirkulasi. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pada ketiga variabel tersebut pemerintah memiliki konsep yang matang dan pemahaman mengenai kenyamanan RTHP. Kategori yang memiliki variasi karakteristik yang cukup luas (banyak memiliki perbedaan karakteristik) yaitu pada variabel keindahan dengan 12 kode kategori. Selanjutnya,  kategori prioritas untuk meningkatkan kenyamanan pada variabel sirkulasi adalah kategori A, variabel kebersihan adalah kategori G, variabel keamanan adalah kategori A, variabel keindahan adalah kategori D, variabel bentuk adalah kategori E, kebisingan adalah kategori D dan penerangan adalah kategori A. Untuk perencanaan dan pembangunan RTHP selanjutnya, diharapkan pemerintah memiliki standar dalam mengidentifikasi variabel kenyamanan, sehiggga baik pengunjung maupun masyarakat sekitar dapat lebih nyaman beraktivitas di RTHP yang juga dapat menunjang kenyamanan Kota Yogyakarta.
Valuasi Ekonomi Ekosistem Mangrove Berbasis Ekowisata pada Hutan Desa di Kecamatan Batu Ampar Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Jabbar Abdul , Nusantara Rossie Wiedya , Akbar Aji Ali
Published: April 2021

Ekosistem mangrove Batu Ampar terletak di muara sungai terpanjang di Indonesia yaitu Sungai Kapuas. Ekosistemnya memiliki permasalahan seperti ekosistem mangrove pada umumnya yang mengalami tekanan akibat pertambahan penduduk. Sebagian besar masalah tersebut merupakan dampak penggunaan lahan oleh masyarakat sekitar ekosistem. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh kondisi ekosistem mangrove terhadap partisipasi masyarakat dan valuasi ekosistem mangrove berupa ekowisata dan hutan desa di Kecamatan Batu Ampar, Kalimantan Barat. Desa-desa yang diteliti berdasarkan intensitas pengelolaan ekowisata mangrove, dari yang paling lama hingga yang terbaru, yaitu Batu Ampar, Nipah Panjang, dan Medan Mas. Penilaian jasa ekosistem mangrove dihitung berdasarkan Total Economic Value (TEV) yang meliputi manfaat langsung, tidak langsung, keberadaan, dan pilihan. Valuasi mangrove untuk tiap desa dari yang tertinggi hingga terendah adalah Medan Mas (Rp 95.354.976/ha/tahun), Nipah Panjang (Rp 76.645.333/ha/tahun) dan Batu Ampar (Rp 68.195.913/ha/tahun). Kondisi ekosistem mangrove di kawasan Batu Ampar berdasarkan persentase luas mangrove terhadap luas desa, persentase kelas kerapatan tinggi dan ketebalan mangrove di masing-masing desa dari yang terbaik adalah Desa Batu Ampar 58,2%; 93,8%; 42.271 m, Desa Nipah Panjang 6.4%; 98,6%; 24.088 juta dan Medan Mas 4,5%; 80,2%; 7.236 m. Persepsi masyarakat tentang ekosistem dan ekowisata mangrove di kawasan mangrove Batu Ampar berbeda nyata antar desa. Secara berurutan, persepsi tertinggi hingga terendah adalah Nipah Panjang (3,7), Medan Mas (3,6) dan Batu Ampar (3,5). Kondisi mangrove yang baik tidak selalu berkontribusi positif dalam membentuk persepsi masyarakat yang tinggi dan meningkatkan valuasi ekonomi di Desa Batu Ampar. Namun demikian, persepsi masyarakat yang tinggi dapat membentuk valuasi ekonomi yang tinggi dan menjamin kondisi ekosistem mangrove di Desa Nipah Panjang. Selain itu, valuasi ekonomi yang tinggi tidak selalu memberikan kontribusi positif bagi ekosistem mangrove dan persepsi masyarakat di Desa Medan Mas.
Power Sharing dalam Pemilihan Gubernur di Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Haboddin Muhtar , Afala La Ode Machdani
Published: April 2021

Artikel ini menjelaskan tentang pentingnya power sharing dalam meraih kekuasaan jabatan gubernur Sulawesi Selatan. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kasus dengan teknik pengumpulan data berdasarkan pembacaan atas sejumlah literatur yang berkaitan dengan pembagian kekuasaan. Power sharing dalam konteks ini dibentuk melalui koalisi antara bangsawan Bugis dan Makassar. Bangsawan merupakan kelas sosial teratas dalam pelapisan sosial masyarakat. Dalam masyarakat majemuk seperti Sulawesi Selatan, berbagi kekuasaan antar kelompok etnis merupakan keharusan dalam politik. Itu tidak hanya dimaksudkan untuk menciptakan harmoni dan keteraturan, tetapi juga sebagai strategi dalam mendapatkan kekuasaan gubernur. Ini dibuktikan dengan kemenangan Nurdin Abdullah-Andi Sudirman Sulaiman dalam pemilihan gubernur 2018. Mereka mewakili kemenangan Makassar dan Bugis di satu sisi, sementara di sisi lain mereka telah mengembalikan kaum bangsawan dalam pusaran kekuasaan. Politik pembagian kekuasaan di antara kelompok-kelompok etnis mendorong orang untuk menyatukan suara mereka dengan mengikuti jalur etnis untuk mempertahankan keberadaan mereka dalam kekuasaan. Koalisi etnis yang dikombinasikan dengan koalisi antara bangsawan membuat artikel ini berbeda dengan artikel sebelumnya yang hanya mengeksplorasi politik pembagian kekuasaan berdasarkan etnis dan agama, tapi melupakan pentinganya status sosial dalam kontetasi politik. Bangsawan merupakan status tertinggi dalam struktur masyarakat Sulawesi Selatan. Oleh karena itu, koalisi antarbangsawan merupakan pilihan cerdas dalam masyarakat majemuk yang merindukan kehadiran kaum bangsawan sebagai pemimpin gubernur.
Widening the net to reduce the debt: Reducing student debt by increasing identification of completely disengaged students
Authors: van der Ploeg Neil , Linden Kelly , Hicks Ben , Gonzalez Prue
Published: April 2021

Student Retention and Attrition guidelines are part of the Federal Government’s performance based funding framework. One of the recommendations from the Higher Education Standards Panel review is to consider changing students’ enrolment prior to census date when a certain level of engagement is not met. This study investigates this recommendation by trialing and testing a model to see if completely disengaged students are able to be retrospectively identified as at risk of failing all subjects. Using learning analytics alone to create a predictive model at scale proved to be very difficult. When applied to session 1 of 2019, even the strictest criteria included five false positives out of 17 identified students. There is promise, however, that a hybrid model of learning analytics with additional oversight from teaching staff could be a solution, but this needs further research.
Strategies for improving use of text-matching software by staff
Authors: Sullivan Miriam , Kolomaznik Miela
Published: April 2021

Universities are increasingly requiring the use of text-matching software (e.g., Turnitin, Urkund) for assessment. Even so, teaching staff may be resistant to using new technology for a variety of reasons. This study aimed to determine specific strategies and recommendations for improving uptake and correct usage of text-matching software at universities by gathering the experiences of training staff who have combatted resistance to new technologies. Two focus groups with 22 participants across five universities used a modified version of the Delphi method to come to consensus on their top five recommended strategies, which included: offering “out of the box” materials, using evidence, fostering champions, providing training and support to teaching staff, ensuring consistent messaging, building relationships, and offering student-facing support. These strategies may help university trainers improve the adoption of text-matching software, though more research is needed to determine the relative effectiveness of different strategies.
Three arrows models in the developing of new digital learning experiences
Authors: Riveros Pablo , Tamura Mika , Tanaka Jin
Published: April 2021

The many challenges arising from COVID-19 have forced Japanese businesses and higher education to accelerate innovations and digital transformations. Japan is a well-known global leader in adopting innovative approaches with the use of advanced cutting-edge technologies, and education is not an exception. Digital learning and effective implementation of new pedagogies focused on distance learning, flexibility, and adaptation to innovative teaching practices are helping students and educators across Japan. As a result, Japan’s traditional face- to-face lecture style is being rapidly transformed into a new Education 5.0, involving Cloud tools, correct use of learning management systems (LMS), web 4.0/5.0, and a wide range of other educational tools. Additionally, in our research and course design, we have adopted a new collaborative agile approach, including academic, industry expertise and teaching assistance facilitators. We identify challenges and opportunities through a case study that examines the design of a new course that incorporates agile collaboration and student perceptions after the adoption of this rapid and unexpected digital learning approach.
Next generation technology for learning practical skills online
Authors: Crawford Elise , Bogna Frank , Raineri Aldo , Kift Ryan L.
Published: April 2021

This paper presents a rationale and research approach for a pilot study that examines next generation solutions for enhancing online learning of practical skills required of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) university students. The study explores instructional technology that has been designed through a constructivist lens. Open source interactive capability and immersive experiences are created using static and 360-degree panoramic photography to encourage greater engagement with the learning resources and to enhance practical skill development at distance. This design research pilot is founded on pedagogy before technology principles and follows the pedagogical model of the cognitive apprenticeship. Survey data, and learning analytics from the University Learning Management System will be interrogated to appraise the education outcomes using the Kirkpatrick Training Evaluation Framework. Expected benefits include improved engagement with learning resources, improved overall OHS skill development, and greater accessibility to workplaces without personal concerns for health and safety.
Analytical validation of an automated assay for the measurement of adenosine deaminase (ADA) and its isoenzymes in saliva and a pilot evaluation of their changes in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Franco-Martínez Lorena , Tecles Fernando , Torres-Cantero Alberto , Bernal Enrique , San Lázaro Indra , Alcaraz María José , Vicente-Romero María R. , Lamy Elsa , Sánchez-Resalt Cristina , Rubio Camila P. , Tvarijonaviciute Asta , Martínez-Subiela Silvia , Cerón José J.
Published: April 2021

Objectives

The aim of the present study was to validate a commercially available automated assay for the measurement of total adenosine deaminase (tADA) and its isoenzymes (ADA1 and ADA2) in saliva in a fast and accurate way, and evaluate the possible changes of these analytes in individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Methods

The validation, in addition to the evaluation of precision and accuracy, included the analysis of the effects of the main procedures that are currently being used for SARS-CoV-2 inactivation in saliva and a pilot study to evaluate the possible changes in salivary tADA and isoenzymes in individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2.

Results

The automated assay proved to be accurate and precise, with intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation below 8.2%, linearity under dilution linear regression with R2 close to 1, and recovery percentage between 80 and 120% in all cases. This assay was affected when the sample is treated with heat or SDS for virus inactivation but tolerated Triton X-100 and NP-40. Individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection (n=71) and who recovered from infection (n=11) had higher mean values of activity of tADA and its isoenzymes than healthy individuals (n=35).

Conclusions

tADA and its isoenzymes ADA1 and ADA2 can be measured accurately and precisely in saliva samples in a rapid, economical, and reproducible way and can be analyzed after chemical inactivation with Triton X-100 and NP-40. Besides, the changes observed in tADA and isoenzymes in individuals with COVID-19 open the possibility of their potential use as non-invasive biomarkers in this disease.
Effect of different drilling techniques on high-cycle fatigue behavior of nickel-based single-crystal superalloy with film cooling hole
Authors: Zhang Zhijin , Zhang Mingqi
Published: April 2021

The flat plate specimens of nickel-based single-crystal superalloy with 14 film cooling holes, which made by different drilling techniques, were used to study the high-cycle fatigue (HCF) properties at 980°C in an ambient atmosphere. At the same time, the electrical discharge machining (EDM) specimens with a single hole were also used to study the HCF properties under different temperatures. The hole and fracture micrographs were analyzed by scanning electron microscope. The results indicated that different drilling techniques have a great influence on HCF life. The fatigue limit of the millisecond laser drilling is 353 MPa, while the EDM is 359 MPa and the electro-stream machining (ESM) is 378 MPa. The fatigue life decreases gradually with the temperature increasing. The fatigue limit of EDM specimens with a single hole at 900°C, 980°C, and 1,050°C are 472, 430, and 293 MPa, respectively. The destruction of the specimens is a typical multisource rupture, and the fracture morphology includes three parts: the cracks sources around the film cooling hole, the propagation zone along the {001} planes, and instant rupture zone along the {111} planes.
Allocation of active power losses to generators in electric power networks
Authors: Yusuff Adedayo A. , Mosetlhe Thapelo C. , Ayodele Temitope Raphael
Published: April 2021

This paper presents a method for allocating active power losses in electric power networks to generators. A technique that uses current distribution factor is used to allocate losses to generator nodes. The core of the allocation scheme is based on graph theory and flows distribution in a network. Losses are only allocated based on the segment of a network that is used for power evacuation. Models of IEEE 14, 39, 57 and 118 test systems in PYPOWER 5.12 were used to test the scheme. It was observed that although the total network losses is minimised when optimal power flow is used for scheduling generation, however that does not translate to minimisation of loss allocation to some generators. The results obtained show that, the scheme can be used to allocate transmission network losses to generation nodes in electric power networks in a fair manner.
Mechanical properties of Al-Cu/B4C and Al-Mg/B4C metal matrix composites
Authors: Ayvaz Mehmet , Cetinel Hakan
Published: April 2021

To be able to successfully produce ceramic-reinforced aluminum matrix composites by using the powder metallurgy method, the wetting of ceramic reinforcements should be increased. In addition, the negative effects of the oxide layer of the aluminum matrix on sinterability should be minimized. In order to break the oxide layer, the deoxidation property of Mg can be used. Furthermore, by creating a liquid phase, both wettability and sinterability can be improved. In this study, the effects of Mg and Cu alloy elements and sintering phase on the wettability, sinterability, and mechanical properties of Al/B4C composites were investigated. For this purpose, various amounts (5, 10, 20, and 30 wt.-%) of B4C reinforced Al5Cu and Al5Mg matrix composites were produced by the powder metallurgy method. After pressing under 400 MPa pressure, composite samples were sintered for 4 hours. The sintering was carried out in two different groups as solid phase sintering at 560 °C and liquid phase sintering at 610 °C. Despite the deoxidation effect of Mg in Al5Mg matrix composites, higher mechanical properties were determined in Al5Cu composites which were sintered in liquid phase because wettability increased. The highest mechanical properties were obtained in the 20 wt.-% B4C reinforced Al5Cu sample sintered in liquid phase.
Comparison of ANN and RSM modeling approaches for WEDM process optimization
Authors: Sagbas Aysun , Gürtuna Filiz , Polat Ulviye
Published: April 2021

In this paper, an effective process optimization approach based on artificial neural networks with a back propagation algorithm and response surface methodology including central composite design is presented for the modeling and prediction of surface roughness in the wire electrical discharge machining process. In the development of predictive models, cutting parameters of pulse duration, open circuit voltage, wire speed and dielectric flushing are considered as model variables. After experiments are carried out, the analysis of variance is implemented to identify the contribution of uncontrollable process parameters effecting surface roughness. Then, a comparative analysis of the proposed approaches is carried out to determine the most efficient one. The performance of the developed artificial neural networks and response surface methodology predictive models is tested for prediction accuracy in terms of the coefficient of determination and root mean square error metrics. The results indicate that an artificial neural networks model provides more accurate prediction than the response surface methodology model.
Основные кандидаты на пост канцлера Германии определены: неопределённость остаётся
Authors: Belov Vladislav
Published: April 2021

Кампания по выборам в Бундестаг, намеченным на 26 сентября 2021 года, переходит в новую стадию. Две основные конкурирующие политические силы – союз ХДС/ХСС и «Союз-90/Зелёные» определились с кандидатами на пост канцлера, которые традиционно возглавляют предвыборную борьбу своих партий. 19 апреля зелёные выбрали А. Бербок, а консерваторы 20 апреля – А. Лашета. Автор оценивает шансы кандидатов и их партий возглавить будущую коалицию и возможные последствия этого для отношений РФ и ФРГ.