bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Indonesia Tanpa Jaringan Islam Liberal Follower’s Reception on the Anti-Sexual Violence Bill Content
Authors: Kurniawati R. Nia Kania , Rizqa Dwi , Prayogi Ichsan Adil , Sjuchro Dian Wardiana
Published: January 2025

The democratic system in Indonesia supports the rise of anti-Western communities who reject the ideology of secularism, pluralism, and liberalism. Noted in several cases that occurred in Indonesia lately such as the 2017 DKI Jakarta Governor election and the 2019 presidential election as a sign of the rise of Islamic conservatism. Various actions oppose the dominant ideologies such as secularism, pluralism, and liberalism, one of them was the presence of Indonesia Tanpa Jaringan Islam Liberal (ITJ). The existence of ITJ until now voiced its rejection of the ideology of secularism, pluralism, and liberalism especially on social media. However, with the diversity of ITJ audiences, each message's reception will be different. Audiences are not always passive just accepting every message received. Therefore, this study will look at how acceptance of ITJ account followers on ITJ content using Stuart Hall's (1980) encoding-decoding theory. This study uses the constructivist paradigm and the methodology of transcendental phenomenology to understand the audience's experience in receiving content of ITJ and ideologies of secularism, pluralism, and liberalism. This research found various features of ITJ account followers in receiving the message displayed by ITJ. This study found that most informants understood and believed that Islamic religious values ​​can be a good solution for the system government. Truly the majority of Informants are in a negotiating position. The audience does not take the dominant ideology (secularism, pluralism, liberalism, or even conservative) for granted. There is an active role of the ITJ audience in receiving information.
Psychological Communication in the Self Concept and Cultural Identity of the People of Indramayu Regency through Ngarot Tradition
Authors: Nuraeni Yeni , Harmadi Ashur , Binastuti Sugiharti , Sari Diana
Published: January 2025

This research aims to find out psychological communication through the self-concept and cultural identity of the people of  Indramayu Regency using a symbolic interaction theory (mind, self and society). Ngarot tradition evolved within Lelea community in Indramayu Regency, West Java, where they celebrated  the tradition every year. The word Ngarot comes from Sanskrit which means to cleanse oneself from stains and sins from the wrong behavior of a person or a group of people in the past.  Ngarot tradition is closely related to the cultural identity that is shaped in the society and serves as the symbols of the next generation. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method. The results of the research show that the self-concept of the people of  Indramayu Regency is designed to appreciate and respect the culture, by preserving it through agricultural activities, as well as to express  gratitude to God. The cultural identity of the Lelea community can be seen from various things that developed in the area, including those in the socio-cultural, economic, and religious fields.
Pemanfaatan Media Sosial untuk Optimalisasi Pemasaran Desa Wisata Lopati, Bantul, Yogyakarta
Authors: Yudaninggar Kartika Sari , Astria Kadek Kiki , Putra Dafa Azzahra , Nadzir Ilham
Published: January 2025

Desa Lopati merupakan desa wisata yang keunikannya terletak pada Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM) warganya yang beragam. Usaha warga Desa Wisata Lopati mencakup beberapa macam yaitu kuliner, mebel, dan kerajinan tangan. Permasalahan yang terjadi di Desa Lopati adalah kurang optimal dalam melakukan pemasaran di media sosial, dan kurangnya media informasi dan promosi yang ada di desa tersebut. Atas dasar permasalahan tersebut, program pengabdian masyarakat ini memiliki tujuan untuk dapat memberikan peningkatan kapasitas warga di Desa Lopati mengenai pembuatan konten di media sosial sehingga pemasaran yang dilakukan dapat lebih optimal, dan memperbarui media informasi dan media promosi Desa Wisata Lopati. Program PKM ini dilakukan selama enam bulan mulai dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan, hingga pelaporan. Adapun kegiatan yang dilakukan untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut yaitu pertama dengan melakukan pelatihan strategi pembuatan konten sosial media, pembuatan denah potensi Desa Wisata Lopati, serta memperbarui desain brosur Desa Wisata. Luaran pengabdian ini adalah publikasi pada media massa, desain brosur dan denah potensi desa wisata, buku modul panduan penggunaan aplikasi canva, serta peningkatan pemahaman mitra PKM.
Optimalisasi Keterampilan dan Etika Pelayanan Publik bagi Anggota Kepolisian Resort Kerinci melalui Pelatihan Public Speaking
Authors: Nuzuli Ahmad Khairul
Published: January 2025

Penurunan indeks kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap Polri membuat Kepolisian RI harus berbenah dan memberikan pelayanan publik yang prima kepada masyarakat. Salah satu aspek pelayanan publik adalah keterampilan dan etika aparat dalam komunikasi pelayanan publik. Oleh sebab itu, perlu dilakukan pelatihan dengan tujuan optimalisasi keterampilan dan etika pelayanan publik melalui public speaking. Karena salah satu aspek utama dalam pelayanan publik yang prima adalah kemampuan public speaking yang baik. Pelatihan ini menujukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan aparat mengenai keterampilan dan etika aparat dalam komunikasi pelayanan publik.
Optimalisasi Komunitas Kampung Adat Desa Cireundeu Dalam Adaptasi Ketahanan Pangan Untuk Mendukung SDGs Desa
Authors: Sebayang Tino Rila , Kunkunrat Kunkunrat , Irza Apsha Luthvia , Rajab Muhandis
Published: January 2025

Perubahan iklim memiliki dampak negatif bagi keberlangsungan hidup manusia, khususnya pada sektor agrikultur yang menjadi penyedia kebutuhan pokok manusia, karena pada hakikatnya manusia tidak bisa untuk tidak makan, sehingga agrikultur menjadi penting bagi kehidupan manusia. Secara kultural, masyarakat di kawasan Asia Tenggara termasuk Indonesia, menjadikan beras sebagai kebutuhan pokok sehari-hari. Namun, padi pada memerlukan jumlah air yang tinggi, sedangkan suhu bumi kian hari kian panas sehingga probabilitas kekeringan juga tinggi, sehingga membuat gagal panen. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan diversifikasi pangan sebagai pengganti komoditas utama seperti singkong dan jagung. Kampung adat Desa Cireundeu sudah melakukan diversifikasi pangan dari beras menjadi singkong sebagai komoditas utama. Desa Cireundeu di Kota Cimahi merupakan desa adat yang dikeliling oleh berbagai gunung, sehingga udara di sana cenderung kering yang di tengah situasi perubahan iklim memiliki probabilitas mengalami kekeringan dan kebakaran hutan. Program Pengabdian Kemitraan Masyarakat ini diharapkan mampu untuk memberikan solusi atas permasalah tersebut. Kegiatan oleh Tim Pengabdian Kemitraan Masyarakat dilaksanakan dengan melibatkan partisipasi dari pihak mitra.
Pengenalan dan Pendampingan Pembuatan Konten Marketing Public Relations untuk Media Promosi UMKM
Authors: Fajar Rizki Menati , Nugroho Eko , Alfian Rashidqi , Alghoniyyu Muhammad Faishal
Published: January 2025

Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk peningkatan pemahaman penggunaan media sosial sebagai media promosi usaha UMKM di Cipinang, Jakarta Timur. Viony’s Kitchen merupakan salah satu UMKM yang menawarkan mochi sebagai menu utama, selain juga menawarkan produk lain seperti fruit sando. UMKM ini memiliki Instagram sebagai media sosial yang digunakan untuk menginformasikan brand mereka. Namun penggunaan media sosialnya belum dimanfaatkan dengan baik, untuk promosi maupun penyebaran brand awareness. Pelaku UMKM kurang memahami bagaimana penggunaan media sosial untuk promosi dan cara memanfaatkan media sosial lainnya, selain Instagram, untuk meningkatkan penjualan. Diperlukan adanya pengenalan konten marketing public relations kepada pelaku UMKM. Marketing Public Relations merupakan salah satu konsep yang dapat digunakan dalam kegiatan promosi, di mana marketing PR merupakan sinergi antara strategi pemasaran dengan kegiatan public relations. Melalui pengenalan dan pendampingan pembuatan konten marketing public relations, pelaku UMKM mendapatkan wawasan lebih terkait: (1) pengenalan media sosial tiktok; (2) pembuatan akun tiktok, praktek langsung (3) cara pembuatan konten marketing public relations dengan melihat dari segi isi konten, tujuan konten, fitur yang tepat, jam tayang sesuai hari, serta (4) pendampingan pembuatan konten tiktok, dengan cara pratek langsung.
A Quantitative Survey on Students Majoring in Preschool Education to Build Vocational Practice Program
Authors: Van Ho Thi Tuong , Manh Pham Phuoc
Published: January 2025

In order to build a vocational practice program for students majoring in preschool education at the college level according to the connection model between pedagogical schools (colleges of preschool education) and kindergartens (preschools), the authors have the study in 2 years (from 2023 to 2024) based on previous studies by many different authors and the authors ourselves. The surveys in the plan of the study obtained positive results but did not clearly demonstrate the diversity ideas of many subjects nor did it specifically supplement the content, the subjects of the on-going building vocational practice program. Therefore, the study should be conducted one more quantitative survey on students to the original plan in order to expand diversity and express the wishes of learners while carrying out the vocational practice program. The results of this survey on students are also hoped by the authors to add some specific content and subjects in the process of building a vocational practice program.
PENENTUAN SISA CADANGAN GAS MENGGUNAKAN METODE LOSS RATIO DAN TRIAL ERROR & X2-CHISQUARE TEST SUMUR “M” LAPANGAN “N”
Authors: Prasetyaningrum Herdiana , Ibrahim Adytia Tri , Amanilutfie Fajar
Published: January 2025

Sumur “M” merupakan sumur yang dimiliki oleh PT. Minarak Brantas Gas Inc. Sumur tersebut sudah memproduksikan gas selama belasan tahun. Oleh karena itu, perlu diketahui kembali jumlah cadangan yang ada sehingga perusahaan dapat mengetahui lamanya sumur tersebut untuk diproduksikan secara akurat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung sisa cadangan gas yang ada di dalam reservoir dan menentukan sisa waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk memproduksikan sumur secara ekonomis menggunakan Decline Curve Analysis. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode Loss Ratio dan Trial Error & X2 - Chisquare Test. Hasil analisis yang didapatkan, yaitu pada Sumur “M” terdapat sisa cadangan gas sebesar 4,45 Bscf. Metode yang paling tepat untuk penentuan tipe decline pada kasus Sumur “M“ adalah metode Trial Error & X2 -Chisquare Test. Metode tersebut dapat menentukan jenis decline nya dibandingkan metode   Loss Ratio. Tipe decline pada kasus sumur penelitian, yaitu Harmonic decline. Dari hasil perhitungan didapatkan bahwa Sumur “M” masih dapat diproduksikan sampai batas ekonomisnya dalam kurun waktu 17,5 tahun. Selain itu, didapatkan nilai Recovery Factor-nya sebesar 71,910%, nilai  Estimated Ultimate Recovery sebesar 3197,532 Mmscf, dan nilai Estimate Recoverable Recovery  1154,49183 Mmscf.
ANALYSIS OF BLOWOUT PREVENTER MAINTENANCE PERFORMANCE ON RIG #55 AND RIG #99 BASED ON DEGRADATION TEST DATA IN "DERE" FIELD
Authors: Tampoy Divtara , Setiyaningrum Priskila Rully , Kadarisman Muhammad
Published: January 2025

Blowout Preventer (BOP) digunakan untuk mengatasi risiko semburan liar dengan menutup sumur sebelum terjadinya semburan. Penelitian ini akan menganalisis masalah yang terjadi pada BOP di Rig #55 dan Rig #99 di Lapangan “DERE” menggunakan metode performance maintenance. Data yang digunakan untuk menganalisis kinerja BOP di kedua Rig tersebut adalah data degradation test. Metode performance maintenance akan menghitung MTBF (Mean Time Between Failures), MTTR (Mean Time To Repair), serta availability. Selain itu, akan dilihat penyebab penurunan kinerja dan memberikan rekomendasi optimalisasi perawatan BOP dengan menggunakan diagram fishbone. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa selama beroperasi pada periode tahun 2023 Rig #55, nilai MTBF adalah 11520 menit, MTTR adalah 2160 menit, availability 89%. Rig #99, nilai MTBF adalah 18.720 menit, MTTR adalah 1440 menit dan availability 92%.  Sedangkan Rig #99 di tahun 2021 nilai MTBF adalah 40320 menit, MTTR adalah 1440 menit, availability 96%.  Faktor kemunduran yang terjadi pada Rig #55 dan Rig #99 dipengaruhi oleh packing element, sehingga perlu dilakukan pengecekan dan penggantian sesuai dengan jam operasionalnya. Aspek lingkungan tempat kerja, kurangnya kebersihan area BOP, usia part yang sudah usia, prosedur pengantian part belum berjalan efektif dan faktor manusia kurang konsentrasi dan kurangnya kepedulian terhadap SOP menyebabkan penurunan kualitas pada BOP.
IGREJA CATÓLICA E ANTICOMUNISMO
Authors: Silva Wellington Teodoro
Published: January 2025

Esse artigo trata do apoio dado ao golpe de Estado de 1964 pelo governo da arquidiocese de Juiz de Fora, cidade de onde partiu a marcha golpista do General Olímpio Mourão Filho. Utilizamos o jornal O Lampadário, propriedade dessa arquidiocese, como principal fonte de pesquisa. O feroz anticomunismo foi a principal causa do apoio dado a esse evento político que se constitui em um dos grandes eventos na história da nação e cujos resultados e mentalidades alcançam o tempo presente. Entendia-se que os comunistas se disfarçavam de democratas para se infiltrarem nas instituições da democracia como estratégia para a sua diluição e implantação do comunismo. A vitória do golpe foi entendida como vitória da nação cristã defendida pelos seus militares, instrumento dos anjos, tendo à frente a generalíssima Nossa Senhora Aparecida, padroeira do Brasil. A investigação cujos resultados estão nesse artigo foi realizada dentro da redução micro-histórica.
Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein associated disease presenting as rhombencephalitis with horizontal gaze palsy
Authors: Verma Rajesh , Bal K. P. Arjun , Chakraborty Rajarshi
Published: January 2025

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein associated disease (MOGAD) has a variety of manifestations spanning from optic neuritis to acute disseminated encephalomyelitis-like presentations. Rhombencephalitic presentation is an unusual entity in MOGAD. A 36-year-old male presented with sub-acute onset diplopia, and facial and bulbar palsy with alteration in sensorium following febrile illness. The workup revealed demyelinating lesions, subtle optic neuritis, and positive antimyelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies. The patient showed significant improvement with pulse steroid therapy. This case illustrates the prudentiality of early diagnosis and treatment of MOGAD which can give positive outcomes.
Управление формированием общекультурных компетенций в системе физического воспитания студентов СПО через единоборства
Authors: Кубасов Ю.А.
Published: January 2025

В современной системе образования актуальной задачей является формирование общекультурных компетенций, особенно в спортивных колледжах. Цель исследования – разработать модель управления формированием общекультурных компетенций студентов СПО через занятия единоборствами. Использовались анализ научной литературы, моделирование, педагогические методы. Разработана модель, включающая ценностно-мотивационный, содержательно-когнитивный, операционально-технологический и результативно-оценочный компоненты. Проведен педагогический эксперимент с участием 120 студентов. Занятия единоборствами способствуют развитию когнитивных функций, коммуникативности, стрессоустойчивости, ценностных ориентаций студентов, формируя общекультурные компетенции. Экспериментально доказана эффективность разработанной модели управления данным процессом. Полученные результаты имеют значение для совершенствования системы физического воспитания в СПО и управления развитием общекультурных компетенций. Перспективы исследования связаны с расширением спектра видов единоборств и адаптацией модели к другим уровням образования.

In the modern education system, an urgent task is the formation of general cultural competencies, especially in sports colleges. The purpose of the study is to develop a management model for the formation of general cultural competencies of vocational education students through martial arts classes. The analysis of scientific literature, modeling, and pedagogical methods were used. A model has been developed that includes value-motivational, content-cognitive, operational-technological and performance-evaluation components. A pedagogical experiment was conducted with the participation of 120 students. Martial arts classes contribute to the development of cognitive functions, communication skills, stress tolerance, and value orientations of students, forming general cultural competencies. The effectiveness of the developed control model for this process has been experimentally proven. The results obtained are important for improving the system of physical education in vocational schools and managing the development of general cultural competencies. The prospects of the research are related to the expansion of the range of martial arts and the adaptation of the model to other levels of education.
К вопросу об обучении сотрудников правоохранительных органов русскому жестовому языку на курсах повышения квалификации
Authors: Арский А.А.
Published: January 2025

В данной статье представлены некоторые аспекты современных проблем обучения сотрудников правоохранительных органов России основам русского жестового языка в рамках курсов повышения квалификации; дается общий анализ опыта работы автора статьи в рамках инновационного к образовательному процессу в указанной сфере знаний; даются обоснованные методические рекомендации для активного использования рабочей тетради в рамках аудиторной и внеаудиторной работы при освоении дисциплины.

This article presents some aspects of modern problems of teaching Russian law enforcement officers the basics of Russian sign language in advanced training courses; provides a general analysis of the author's work experience in the framework of an innovative approach to the educational process in this field of knowledge; provides sound methodological recommendations for the active use of the workbook in classroom and extracurricular work when mastering the discipline.
new technique for measuring the natural dose in TL dating and its application in the dating of a mortar containing ceramic fragments
Authors: Michael C. T. , Zacharias N. , Maniatis Y. , Dimotikali D.
Published: January 2025

A modification of the fine grain TL dating technique for measuring the natural dose is presented. In this technique (foil technique) we tried to make very thin samples and with the necessary placticity, in order to achieve the best heating contact between sample and heater plate. Because the so prepared samples have not the same amount of powder a suitable new normalization technique is also proposed. The advantages of the proposed foil technique are such that make it quite suitable for samples with low levels of natural TL and also for authenticity testing. This technique was tested using artificially iraadiated samples with known doses and applied to the dating of a mortar containing ceramic grains.
Design of a blue LED stimulation unit with a highly uniform illumination pattern
Authors: Quesada I. , Otazo M. R. , Baly L. , Gonzalez Y.
Published: January 2025

The current study is concerned with the design and construction of a blue LED stimulation unit with a highly uniform illumination pattern. The pattern produced by a single LED is characterized experimentally. Using this information and making certain approximations, the illumination pattern produced by an array of LEDs was computer generated, and the mean intensity and relative standard deviation were calculated. In this way, several hypothetical configurations were evaluated; the most convenient configuration was constructed and experimentally characterized. The measured uniformity expressed as the relative (to the mean intensity) standard deviation in the sample zone was as good as 1.7%.
Revisiting TL: Dose measurement beyond the OSL range using SAR
Authors: Jain M. , Bøtter-Jensen L. , Murray A. S. , Denby P. M. , Tsukamoto S. , Gibling M. R.
Published: January 2025

We show here that isothermal TL (ITL) at 310 and 320°C can be used to extend the luminescence dating range in quartz. These signals have markedly different behaviour than the OSL signal with respect to dose response and bleaching efficiency using blue light; this suggests that the 325°C TL peak, from which these signals are likely to be derived, perhaps, consists of traps with very different optical depths and saturation characteristics. The feldspar IRSL signal (blue emission) shows significant dose under-estimation on account of fading. This problem is partly circumvented by measurements using blue ITL at 310°C. The red ITL signal at 310°C does not show dose underestimates. A firm conclusion as to whether this signal fades or not can, however, only be made with a better understanding of sensitivity changes during the red ITL measurement of the natural signal. Both blue and red ITL signals in feldspars perhaps use the same trap. The fading and/or sensitivity changes, therefore, relate to the recombination centre. On account of the high dose at which saturation appears, the ITL signal from quartz at 310 and 320°C is the best candidate for extending the dose range up to 1.4 kGy in samples from the southern Indo-Gangetic plains.
Phosphorescence spectra from alkali feldspars as they are cooled
Authors: Haidar S. , Huntley D. J.
Published: January 2025

We report here phosphorescence spectra over the range 1.55 to 5.5 eV from three alkali feldspars after irradiation as they are cooled from room temperature to 130 K. The dominant emission was at 1.7 eV. With decreasing temperature, the intensity of this band initially decreased, but then increased below 250 K, consistent with the observation of Visocekas and Zink. We confirm their inference that they were measuring the 1.7 eV emission band characteristic of Fe3+. Other emission bands were observed at 2.2, 2.7 and 4.3 eV; their intensities decreased with decreasing temperature.We were also able to measure the emission spectra of one sample after a 30 minute heating at 120°C; the 1.7 eV band was much reduced and the emission now dominated by the 2.2 eV band, characteristic of Mn2+. The 1.7 eV band now did not show thermal quenching.
Clermont radiometric reference rocks: a convenient tool for dosimetric purposes
Authors: Miallier D. , Guérin G. , Mercier N. , Pilleyre T. , Sanzelle S.
Published: January 2025

Boreholes drilled in 8 different rocks situated in the vicinity of the Clermont TL laboratory have been used for testing and calibrating methods devoted to measurement of natural radioactivity. The present paper gives updated data for the nuclide contents and internal dose rates for those reference media. Two examples of application are presented. The first example shows dose rate calibration of a scintillator gamma probe using a threshold method. The second example shows a routine technique for TL dosimetry, based on the rocks for dose rate reference.
“AGE” program for the calculation of luminescence age estimates
Authors: Grün R.
Published: January 2025

The supplementary ZIP file of this paper contains the AGE program, which can be used for luminescence age calculations of clastic sediments. This paper outlines the use and limitations of this program.
Dose-rate conversion factors: update
Authors: Guérin G. , Mercier N. , Adamiec G.
Published: January 2025

In the field of luminescence and electron spin resonance dating, dose rate conversion factors are widely used to convert concentrations of radioactive isotopes to dose rate values. These factors are derived from data provided by the National Nuclear Data Center of the Brookhaven National Laboratory, which are compiled in Evaluated Nuclear Structure Data Files (ENSDF) and Nuclear Wallet Cards. The recalculated dose rate conversion factors are a few percent higher than those previously published, except for beta and gamma emissions of the isotopes of the U-series decay chains.
novel beta source design for uniform irradiation in dosimetric applications
Authors: Richter D. , Pintaske R. , Dornich K. , Krbetscheck M.
Published: January 2025

A novel beta radiation source, specifically developed for the lexsyg luminescence system, was studied by radiochromic film. A circular arrangement of miniaturized sources creates a homogeneous radiation field, with a variation of 2% of radiation dose across the central 8 mm diameter of the target irradiated. While this arrangement is very efficient to achieve homogeneous irradiation, it also allows the simultaneous luminescence detection of radiofluorescence through the hole in the source body. The geometry of the irradiation set-up, in particular the material, the size and the shape of the substrate carrier affect the actual dose distribution and dose rate at the target site to a larger extent than any inhomogeneity of this source itself.
practical guide to the R package Luminescence
Authors: Dietze Michael , Kreutzer Sebastian , Fuchs Margret C. , Burow Christoph Burow Christoph , Fischer Manfred , Schmidt Christoph
Published: January 2025

A practical guide for the R package „Luminescence‟ is provided. An introduction on data types in R is given first, followed by a guideline on how to import, analyse and visualise typical SAROSL measurement data.
further note on the variance of a background-corrected OSL count
Authors: Galbraith R.
Published: January 2025

Galbraith (2002) gave formulae for calculating the relative standard error of a background-corrected optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) count. This note extends those formulae to the case where the number of channels used to estimate the background is not necessarily a multiple of (and may indeed be less than) the number used to estimate the signal. The theoretical formulae are unchanged, but the estimate of the background is expressed in a more general notation and I comment further on how the Poisson over-dispersion may be estimated. I will use the same notation as in Galbraith (2002) and will repeat enough of the text there for this note to be selfcontained.
simple Bayesian method for assessing the standard error of equivalent dose estimates
Authors: Peng Jun , Dong ZhiBao
Published: January 2025

Estimating the equivalent dose (ED) value is critical to obtaining the burial dose for Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating. In this study, a simple Bayesian method is used to assess the standard error of an ED value in a linear or an exponential model. An ED value is treated as a stochastic node that depends on a random variable whose posterior distribution can be constructed and sampled. The results show that the Bayesian approach may improve the precision of an ED estimate by avoiding the repeated curve-fitting procedure employed in the routine “parametric bootstrap” Monte Carlo method.
Re-examination of common extraction and purification methods of quartz and feldspar for luminescence dating
Authors: Porat N. , Faerstein G. , Medialdea A. , Murray A. S.
Published: January 2025

We tested common mineral extraction and purification procedures used in luminescence dating. Coarse grain quartz and alkali feldspar (KF) were extracted and etched from three samples of different geological setting and mineralogical maturity, using a variety of laboratory procedures. This was followed by particle size distribution measurement, SEM/EDS and XRF analyses, and De determinations employing SAR protocols – all used to characterize the mineral extracts. Etching quartz in 40% HF for 40 min removed all feldspars, with some preferential etching along fissures and grain boundaries. For mineralogically less mature samples, HF reduced average quartz grain size by 30–50 µm, whereas in mature samples extended etching of up to 60 min reduces grain size by ∼10 µm. Ca-fluorides precipitated during HF etching but were fully removed by soaking overnight in 16 % HCl. Extracting quartz by heavy liquids or by magnetic separation (both followed by HF etching) resulted in equally pure quartz, with statistically identical De values. Soaking KF for 40 min in 10 % HF resulted in uneven etching, severe micro-scale erosion along cleavage plains, grain disintegration, substantial precipitation of K-fluorides and the reduction of more than 100 µm in modal grain size, probably due to grain breakage along etched plains. The effects of etching vary greatly between samples from different geological provinces; more mature samples are etched in a more uniform way whereas mineralogically less mature samples are fragmented by etching. The best benefits for KF are obtained by etching in diluted HF for short duration. For quartz, more concentrated HF and longer etching might be considered if grains are to have their entire α-affected zone (20 µm) removed. Since concentrated HF dissolves all feldspar contamination in quartz, there is no need for re-sieving after HF as that would bias the original grain size. Our results provide confidence in standard laboratory quartz sample preparation.
Sources of variability in single grain dose recovery experiments: Insights from Moroccan and Australian samples
Authors: Doerschner Nina , Hernandez Marion , Fitzsimmons Kathryn E.
Published: January 2025

In our study, we investigate the quartz singlegrain dose recovery characteristics of five aeolian samples from three archaeological sites in Australia and Morocco. Comparatively small (20 – 49 Gy) and high (180 – 208 Gy) doses were applied to sand-sized quartz grains of each sample. Samples were bleached by green laser, sunlight and solar simulator stimulation. We observed a primary dependency of the results on the size of the administered dose, but also observed sample-specific responses to the chosen dose recovery measurement parameters. The Australian samples originate from an openair archaeological site and consist of highly sensitized quartz grains with comparatively small equivalent doses. By contrast, the Moroccan samples originate from two cave sites known to be affected by heterogeneous dose rates and post-depositional mixing to varying degrees; this material is generally less sensitive, and expected equivalent doses are > 180 Gy, while single-grain quartz weighted average signal saturation levels (2D0) exceed 235 Gy. Single grains from all sites, with one exception, recover small applied laboratory doses. These fall within 5 % of unity irrespective of the bleaching method. However, when applied doses are high, dose recovery test results vary substantially depending on how individual samples respond to the bleaching treatment prior to the given dose. The lowest dose recovery ratios and highest overdispersion values were observed in samples bleached in the solar simulator. Our results highlight the importance of investigating dose recovery characteristics at single grain level, and indicate additional sources of complexity in understanding the luminescence characteristics of quartz.
IRSL dating of fast-fading sanidine feldspars from Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Li B. , Roberts G. R. , Brumm A. , Guo Y. J. , Hakim B, , Ramli M. , Aubert M. , Grün R. , Zhao J.-X. , Saptomo E. W.
Published: January 2025

The volcanic origin of the sediments from Sulawesi, Indonesia, provides a particular challenge for luminescence dating due to the dim optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) from quartz, and the high anomalous fading rate in the infrared (IR) stimulated luminescence (IRSL) from feldspars. In this study, we present results of dating the sanidine feldspars from 2 samples taken from an archaeological site (Leang Bulu Bettue) in the Maros karsts of South Sulawesi. We tested the post-IR IRSL (pIRIR) procedures in order to find a stable luminescence signal that is less affected by anomalous fading. It was found that there is a highly variable anomalous fading rate in the IRSL and pIRIR signals for different grains and aliquots, and a low temperature IR stimulation (at 50 ◦C or 100 ◦C) used in a pIRIR procedure cannot completely remove the anomalous fading for the subsequent pIRIR signals. The large uncertainties associated with fading rates prevent the application of fading-correction procedures. We propose a method to obtain reliable De estimates by extrapolation of the relationship between De and laboratory fading rate (g-value). The resultant luminescence ages show consistency with other radiometric age determinations from the site. Our results suggest that a systematic and detailed investigation of the relationship between De and anomalous fading rate for different grains or aliquots is necessary for dating volcanic feldspars.
Les sables de Fontainebleau: A Natural Quartz Reference Sample and its Characterisation
Authors: Kreutzer S. , Friedrich J. , Sanderson D. , Adamiec G. , Fasoli M. , Martini M.
Published: January 2025

Fundamental studies on luminescence production in natural quartz require samples which can be studied by groups of laboratories using complementary methods. In the framework of a European collaboration studying quartz luminescence, a sample originating from the Fontainebleau Sandstone Formation in France was selected for characterisation and distribution to establish a starting point for interlaboratory work. Here we report on the preparation and characterisation work undertaken before distribution with the aim of ensuring that each laboratory received comparable material. Material was purified to enrich the quartz concentration, followed by mineralogical screening by SEM and ICP-MS analyses. Luminescence screening measurements were undertaken at a single laboratory (SUERC) to verify the suitability of the sample for use within the study, and to establish the level of homogeneity of subsamples prepared for distribution. The sample underwent minimal non-chemical pre-treatment by multiple cycles of magnetic separation and annealing. SEM analysis showed that the sample consists mainly of SiO2. The luminescence characterisation confirmed a dose sensitivity of ca. 22,000–160,000 cts K−1 Gy−1 per 260–290 grains for the 110◦C UV TL peak, well developed low (here: 100–300◦C) temperature (pre-dose) TL signals and high OSL sensitivities. The grain to grain OSL response varies by more than one order of magnitude. No significant IRSL signal was observed. In summary, the results from luminescence characterisation confirm the suitability of the sample for the luminescence experiments envisaged and have established a basis for comparability in studies conducted by a network of laboratories.
40 Years of Ancient TL
Authors: Sutton S. , Bailiff I. , Miallier D. , Duller G. , DeWitt R.
Published: January 2025

The first issue of Ancient TL was published in September 1977, 40 years ago. The journal was started by the late David Zimmerman at Washington University in Missouri (USA) as an informal newsletter for thermoluminescence practitioners. Since then editors Steve Sutton (then Washington University; editor until 1984), Ian Bailiff (Durham, UK; 1984–1994), Didier Miallier (Clermont-Ferrand, France; 1995–2004), Geoff Duller (Aberystwyth, UK; 2004–2014) and Regina DeWitt (Greenville, NC, USA; since 2015) have continued the tradition and continually modernized the journal. Despite many changes the scope of the journal has been and still is to provide the luminescence and ESR community with ideas and essential information for laboratory work and serve as an outlet for community news.
LDAC: An Excel-based program for luminescence equivalent dose and burial age calculations
Authors: Liang P. , Forman S. L.
Published: January 2025

In the past 20 years optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating has advanced as a wellestablished geochronometer for dating Quaternary sediments. Currently, there are powerful calculation platforms for specific calculations, such as the R package ‘Luminescence’ and the web-based dose rate calculator DRAC. However, the community lacks a self-contained computational synthesis that can process equivalent dose and dose-rate calculations to avoid unnecessary data exchange among multipleplatforms that may inadvertently propagate errors. Thus, we have developed a unified calculation program that maintains, archives and synthesizes basic OSL data, applies appropriate statistical models, and dose rate parameters in an updatable platform, to render statistically significant OSL ages. In this paper, the Luminescence Dose and Age Calculator (LDAC) written in Microsoft Visual Basic for Application is presented that can compute final equivalent dose values, the environmental dose rate, and render a final burial OSL age. LDAC incorporates statistical parameters, visual presentations of the equivalent dose distribution, applies well-developed statistical age models, and uses up-to-date dose rate parameters into a computational system using fifteen linked functional routines. Most notably, a Markov chain Monte Carlo slice sampling method was employed to estimate the parameters of the minimum and maximum age models. Also, the statistical basis for error propagation of dose rate and final age was improved. The program is designed to be user-friendly with operations and data entry conveniently executed through a graphical user interface. The operations and calculations are presented with transparency and flexibility, allowing for modification of given values, constants, and algorithms. This computational platform is easily loaded on to a PC and can be used in a Windows environment equipped with Microsoft Excel 2010 or later. The latest version of LDAC can be downloaded along with a user manual at$https://github.com/Peng-Liang/LDAC.
Radiofluorescence of quartz from rocks and sediments and its correlation with thermoluminescence and optically stimulated luminescence sensitivities
Authors: Niyonzima P. , Sawakuchi A. O. , Jain M. , Kumar R. , Mineli T. D. , Del Río I. , Pupim F.
Published: January 2025

The present study examines radiofluorescence (RF) emissions in quartz from parent rocks (igneous plutonic and volcanic) and sediments of different provenances, which represent a range of optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and thermoluminescence (TL) sensitivities observed in nature. OSL and TL (110 °C peak) sensitivities of quartz have been successfully used for sediment provenance analysis, but the considerable sensitivity variations are still poorly understood in terms of charge traps and recombination centers. In the studied samples, the RF spectra obtained at room temperature and using X-ray irradiation consist of two broad emission bands: the first emission band is centered at ∼ 1.9 eV (blue) and has a higher intensity compared to the second emission band centered at ∼ 3.5 eV (ultraviolet, UV). The deconvolution analysis confirms that the quartz RF spectrum is at least the sum of four emission bands located between 1.5 eV (827 nm) and 4.0 eV (310 nm). The general observation is that the RF intensity differs between quartz from rocks and sediments, and among quartz from sediments with different provenances. Generally, quartz from sediments showed higher RF intensity compared to quartz from rocks, rendering the same pattern observed for OSL and TL sensitivities. For quartz from sediments, we observed strong correlations between the UV-RF band intensity and the OSL or 110 °C TL sensitivities. We argue that these correlations may be attributed to the fact that both 110 °C TL peak and OSL of quartz use the same recombination centers rather than the same electron trap. The UV-RF intensity measured using X-ray sources can also be used for provenance analysis of sediments in the same way as the OSL and TL sensitivities.
Beta dose rate reduction for the built-in 90Sr/ 90Y sources of Risø TL/OSL automated readers
Authors: Osunkwor E. , DeWitt R.
Published: January 2025

Environmental dosimetry requires measuring doses, which are often below the range accessible with the commonly used built-in β-source of Risø TL/OSL readers. Al2O3:C Luxel® dosimeters were used to investigate irradiation cross-talk and attenuators as means to reduce the dose rate of the source. Irradiation cross-talk was found to be highly effective in reducing the dose rate but was not reproducible and resulted in dose recovery deviations of up to 80%. Four attenuator materials (PTFE, microscope coverslip glass, wine glass, and ABS plastic) were investigated with regard to their dose reduction capabilities. All materials resulted in good dose recovery results and allow building a standard reference dose response curve. Microscope cover glass reduces the dose rate by a factor of 3 for each 1 mm thickness. The material is transparent and does not have to be removed during measurement and is therefore recommended as attenuator of choice for dose rate reduction.
Measuring photo-transferred thermoluminescence from feldspars in post-IR IRSL procedures using a new user defined command for the Risø TL/OSL reader
Authors: Riedesel Svenja , Duller Geoff A. T.
Published: January 2025

Stimulating a preheated feldspar sample with infrared light causes photo-transfer of charge within the crystal. The resulting phototransferred luminescence signal is visible in thermoluminescence (TL) and infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) measurements, where it results in an increase in the measured luminescence signal intensity. This is particularly relevant when using a post-IR IRSL measurement protocol for dating feldspars, which consists of two consecutive IRSL measurements, one at low temperature (usually at 50 °C) and a second IRSL measurement at elevated temperature. In this case, the lower temperature IRSL measurement causes photo-transfer of charge, which then influences the subsequent higher temperature post-IR IRSL signal. This paper presents a new user defined command to be used with the Sequence Editor software on a Risø TL/OSL reader. This command can be used to assess the amount of photo-transfer that is caused by IR stimulation, and how large a signal this may contribute to a subsequent elevated temperature IRSL measurement. The command can also be useful for identifying the length of time an aliquot should be held at the measurement temperature prior to switching on the IR LEDs in order for any photo-transferred TL to have been reduced to a negligible level. To show the applicability of this new user defined command to feldspar postIR IRSL measurements, this paper presents results from two feldspar samples measured using the new user defined command as part of three different preheat and post-IR IRSL temperature combinations.
Reducing computation time in the R-package ‘BayLum’
Authors: Baumgarten F. , Philippe A. , Guérin G. , Kreutzer S.
Published: January 2025

‘BayLum’ is an R-package that facilitates the application of Bayesian models to the field of OSL dating. Here we present two recent feature updates to ‘BayLum’, significantly reducing computation time and improving general use. The first feature allows users to parallelize the computations involved in the MCMC sampling of values, while the second introduces the ability to extend a ‘BayLum’ model, which has run to completion without converging. All updates are automatically available with ‘BayLum’ v0.3.1.
Fine grain settling protocols for luminescence dating of museum objects sampled using the minimum extraction technique
Authors: Hood Amber G. E.
Published: January 2025

This paper communicates a suitable laboratory protocol for settling the 4 – 11 µm fine grain fraction for OSL dating of archaeological samples from museum artefacts sampled using the minimum extraction technique. It provides a step-by-step methodology to facilitate adapting this protocol for use more broadly and demonstrates its ability to successfully isolate the fine grain fraction from tiny samples.
Political Expediency or Humanitarian Crisis? Pakistan's Security Challenges and Political Calculations Concerning Taliban-Ruled Afghanistan
Authors: Kumar Amit , Ramachandran Veena
Published: January 2025

Since the Taliban takeover of Kabul in mid-2021, Pakistan has experienced a notable rise in terrorist attacks and bombings. Initially, Interim Prime Minister Kakar blamed Afghan refugees for these security incidents, a narrative later adopted by Pakistan's civil establishment to deflect attention from the growing domestic security crisis and escalating instability in Balochistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. This article presents a critical examination of the surge in Afghan migration to Pakistan following the return of the Taliban to power, using classical immigration theory to understand its implications. It explores the impact of the refugee influx on Pakistan's already fragile security environment, compounded by policy failures. By means of a qualitative methodology – including discourse and content analysis – the study incorporates primary and secondary sources such as government reports, academic journals, and media coverage. The article argues that while the motivations driving Afghan refugees to Pakistan have remained largely consistent across four waves of migration, two new factors have emerged in the latest wave. It also scrutinizes Prime Minister Kakar's controversial October 2023 decision to deport millions of Afghan refugees without prior negotiation with the Taliban. The analysis concludes that this policy, framed as a pressure tactic, has failed to achieve its goals, and Pakistan's security situation continues to worsen.
كيفية تنمية الاستيعاب المفاهيمي باستخدام المختبرات الافتراضية لدى طلاب الصف الثاني الثانوي (بحث إجرائي)
Authors: حامظي عبدالعزيز محمد
Published: January 2025

هدف البحث الحالي إلى الكشف عن كيفية تنمية الاستيعاب المفاهيمي باستخدام المختبرات الافتراضية لدى طلاب الصف الثاني الثانوي، ولتحقيق هدف البحث اعتمد الباحث على المنهج الإجرائي مستخدما أداتين نوعيتين هما: الملاحظة والأسئلة المفتوحة، وتم تحليل البيانات باستخدام أسلوب الترميز المفتوح، وأظهرت النتائج أن استخدام المختبرات الافتراضية كان له الأثر في تنمية الاستيعاب المفاهيمي من خلال أربعة جوانب: الشرح أو التوضيح، والتفسير، والتطبيق، ومعرفة الذات، وساهم هذا البحث في تطوير الأداء التدريسي للباحث وزيادة قناعته بأثر استخدام المختبرات الافتراضية في تنمية الاستيعاب المفاهيمي، وأوصى البحث بعقد دورات وبرامج تدريبية لتدريب معلمي الفيزياء على استخدام المختبرات الافتراضية أثناء عملية التدريس، وتوفير الإنترنت، وتنظيم الجدول الدراسي، وفي الختام قدم البحث مقترحات لإجراء بحوث مماثلة تتضمن متغيرات أخرى.
درجة امتلاك معلمي الرياضيات في محافظتي جنوب الباطنة والداخلية بسلطنة عمان لمفاهيم الذكاء الاصطناعي وتطبيقاته واتجاهاتهم نحوه
Authors: الجديدية كوثر خلفان , الريامي محمد ناصر , المزيدي ناصر سليم , الصقري محمود ناصر
Published: January 2025

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على درجة إمتلاك معلمي الرياضيات بمحافظتي جنوب الباطنة والداخلية بسلطنة عمان لمفاهيم الذكاء الاصطناعي وتطبيقاته وإتجاهاتهم نحوه، وتحديد أهم التحديات التي تواجه المعلمين في استخدام تطبيقات الذكاء الاصطناعي في التعليم.استخدمت الباحثة المنهج الوصفي، حيث اعتمدت على أداتين في هذه الدراسة وهي: الاختبار والاستبانة، وتم استخدام برنامج الحزمة الاحصائية للعلوم الاجتماعية (SPSS) لتحليل النتائج. تكونت عينة الدراسة من (297). وتوصلت نتائج البحث إلى أن درجة امتلاك المعلمين لمفاهيم الذكاء الاصطناعي جاءت بدرجة منخفضة وفي المقابل كانت الإناث أعلى إمتلاكا للمفاهيم من الذكور، بينما لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية تعزى لمتغيري (سنوات الخبرة، المحافظة التعليمية) في درجة إمتلاك المعلمين لمفاهيم الذكاء الاصطناعي. كما أشارت النتائج أيضا إلى أن اتجاهات المعلمين الإيجابية نحو توظيف تطبيقات الذكاء الاصطناعي في التعلم جاءت بدرجة (عالية)، كما أوضحت النتائج أن هناك اتفاق بين المعلمين على وجود تحديات في توظيف تطبيقات الذكاء الاصطناعي وجاءت بدرجة (عالية). بناء على النتائج قدمت الدراسة عدة توصيات من بينها تضمين برامج إعداد المعلمين في كليات التربية بمجال توظيف تطبيقات الذكاء الاصطناعي، وتهيئة البنية التحتية للمدارس من أجهزة وشبكات إنترنت لتوظيف تطبيقات الذكاء الاصطناعي.