bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stationarity test of vibration signals with surrogate data and time–frequency analysis
Authors: Wang Zuo-Cai , Wu Feng , Ren Wei-Xin
Published: November 2016

The stationarity test of vibration signals is critical for the extraction of the signal features. In this article, the surrogate data with various time–frequency analysis methods are proposed for stationary test of vibration signals. The surrogate data are first generated from the Fourier spectrum of the original signal with keeping the magnitude of the spectrum unchanged and replacing its phase by a random sequence. The local and global spectra of the original signal and the surrogate data are then estimated by four time–frequency analysis methods, which are short-time Fourier transform, multitaper spectrograms, wavelet transform, and S-transform methods. The index of nonstationarity is then defined based on the distances between the local and global spectra. Three kinds of synthetic signals, which are stationary signals, frequency-modulated signals, and amplitude-modulated signals, are tested to compare the efficiency of the four time–frequency analysis methods as mentioned. The results show that with a certain observation scale value, the index of nonstationarity based on the short-time Fourier transform or wavelet transform method may fail to test the stationarity of the signal. The parametric studies and sensitivity analysis of the observation scale and noise-level effect are also extensively conducted. The results show that the index of nonstationarity calculated using the multitaper spectrograms’ method is more suitable for stationarity test of frequency-modulated signals, while the index of nonstationarity calculated using the S-transform method is more suitable for stationarity test of amplitude-modulated signals. The results also show that the noise has a significant effect on the stationarity test results. Finally, the stationarity of a real vibration signal measured from a cable is tested, and the results show that the proposed index of nonstationarity can effectively test the stationarity of real vibration signals.
Wavelet-Galerkin method for reconstruction of structural dynamic responses
Authors: Lai Tao , Yi Ting-Hua , Li Hong-Nan
Published: November 2016

In this article, the wavelet-Galerkin method is adopted for calculating structural dynamic responses under the framework of multiresolution analysis. At first, the second-order differential equation of motion is transformed into wavelet domain through function expansion with scaling function at the chosen resolution level. The number of basis function is uniquely determined, and the corresponding coefficients are approximated by numerical quadrature method. And then the two-term connection coefficients are derived and computed at various scales. After this, the dynamic responses of the system with single degree of freedom subjected to sinusoidal excitation are obtained and validated. Subsequently, the proposed method is extended to multidegree-of-freedom systems based on mode-superposition method. Finally, the parametric study is performed, and the simulation results show that the identified dynamic responses match the true responses very well with appropriate choice of the resolution level and the wavelet order.
Nucleophosmin-anaplastic lymphoma kinase: the ultimate oncogene and therapeutic target
Authors: Werner Michael T. , Zhao Chen , Zhang Qian , Wasik Mariusz A.
Published: November 2016

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is a receptor tyrosine kinase physiologically expressed by fetal neural cells. However, aberrantly expressed ALK is involved in the pathogenesis of diverse malignancies, including distinct types of lymphoma, lung carcinoma, and neuroblastoma. The aberrant ALK expression in nonneural cells results from chromosomal translocations that create novel fusion proteins. These protein hybrids compose the proximal part of a partner gene, including its promoter region, and the distal part of ALK, including the coding sequence for the entire kinase domain. ALK was first identified in a subset of T-cell lymphomas with anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) morphology (ALK+ ALCL), the vast majority of which harbor the well-characterized nucleophosmin (NPM)-ALK fusion protein. NPM-ALK co-opts several intracellular signal transduction pathways, foremost being the STAT3 pathway, normally activated by cytokines from the interleukin-2 (IL-2) family to promote cell proliferation and to inhibit apoptosis. Many genes and proteins modulated by NPM-ALK are also involved in evasion of antitumor immune response, protection from hypoxia, angiogenesis, DNA repair, cell migration and invasiveness, and cell metabolism. In addition, NPM-ALK uses epigenetic silencing mechanisms to downregulate tumor suppressor genes to maintain its own expression. Importantly, NPM-ALK is capable of transforming primary human CD4+ T cells into immortalized cell lines indistinguishable from patient-derived ALK+ ALCL. Preliminary clinical studies indicate that inhibition of NPM-ALK induces long-lasting complete remissions in a large subset of heavily pretreated adult patients and the vast majority of children with high-stage ALK+ ALCL. Combining ALK inhibition with other novel therapeutic modalities should prove even more effective.
Genome-wide minor histocompatibility matching as related to the risk of graft-versus-host disease
Authors: Martin Paul J. , Levine David M. , Storer Barry E. , Warren Edus H. , Zheng Xiuwen , Nelson Sarah C. , Smith Anajane G. , Mortensen Bo K. , Hansen John A.
Published: November 2016

Key Points

Variable mismatching for minor histocompatibility antigens correlates with the risk of severe GVHD after HCT with sibling donors. HLA-mismatching likely explains most of the increased risk of GVHD after HCT with unrelated donors.
Disambiguate: An open-source application for disambiguating two species in next generation sequencing data from grafted samples
Authors: Ahdesmäki Miika J. , Gray Simon R. , Johnson Justin H. , Lai Zhongwu
Published: November 2016

Grafting of cell lines and primary tumours is a crucial step in the drug development process between cell line studies and clinical trials. Disambiguate is a program for computationally separating the sequencing reads of two species derived from grafted samples. Disambiguate operates on alignments to the two species and separates the components at very high sensitivity and specificity as illustrated in artificially mixed human-mouse samples. This allows for maximum recovery of data from target tumours for more accurate variant calling and gene expression quantification. Given that no general use open source algorithm accessible to the bioinformatics community exists for the purposes of separating the two species data, the proposed Disambiguate tool presents a novel approach and improvement to performing sequence analysis of grafted samples. Both Python and C++ implementations are available and they are integrated into several open and closed source pipelines. Disambiguate is open source and is freely available at https://github.com/AstraZeneca-NGS/disambiguate.
Performance of polish real estate mutual funds in the period of 2005-2011
Authors: Trzebiński Artur A.
Published: November 2016

This study examines the performance of Polish real estate funds in the period of 2005-2011 using several different benchmarks. The second aim is to verify the research hypothesis: Polish real estate mutual funds were effective in the period of 2005-2011. To determine their effectiveness Sharpe ratio, Jensen and Jensen's Alpha were used. WIG index, WIG-Construction index and the real estate mutual funds index are used as the benchmarks. The risk-free asset is the return on 52-weeks Treasury bills. An important part of this paper is the study of Polish and foreign real estate mutual funds returns. In the review of literature particular attention was paid to the used methods. The article included nine funds and the results indicate that only two of them (in relation to all accepted benchmarks) were effective. In comparison, the real estate mutual funds index showed the effectiveness of six funds.
Security assessment and optimization of energy supply (neural networks approach)
Authors: Jasiński Tomasz , Ścianowska Agnieszka
Published: November 2016

The question of energy supply continuity is essential from the perspective of the functioning of society and the economy today. The study describes modern methods of forecasting emergency situations using Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools, especially neural networks. It examines the structure of a properly functioning model in the areas of input data selection, network topology and learning algorithms, analyzes the functioning of an energy market built on the basis of a reserve market, and discusses the possibilities of economic optimization of such a model, including the question of safety.
Healthcare in the light of the concept of welfare state regimes – comparative analysis of EU member states
Authors: Kawiorska Dorota
Published: November 2016

This  paper  addresses  issues  related to health care in the context of the debate about the typology of welfare state regimes and comparative studies conducted in reference to the debate. Particular attention has been paid to the phenomenon of decommodification as one of the key dimensions that define welfare regimes identified in the literature associated with this debate. The study presents a health decommodification index, on the basis of which an attempt has been made to assess the decommodification potential of health care, taking into account the situation in the 28 EU Member States in 2012. The identification of a widely understood accessibility of publicly funded health care as a basic measure for assessing the decommodifying features of health programs is an important result of the empirical analysis. The study has also confirmed the views expressed in the literature about the existence of practical obstacles standing in the way of developing a universal typology of welfare states.
Analysis of the effectiveness of public services provision by local governments in the years 2007–2013
Authors: Czaplak Joanna
Published: November 2016

The aim of this article is a multi-faceted analysis of efficiency of public services provision on the example of Polish local governments and on the basis of local governments ranking published by daily newspaper “Rzeczpospolita”. The ranking list shows the local governments which care the most about development and quality of life. The established research period 2007–2013 will allow to answer the questions: did the leaders of ranking change and did the financial crisis in 2008–2009 have a significant impact on quality of life, and therefore on the efficiency of public services provision in the researched local governments? In the first part of this article the author considers the difficulties in defining the quality of life and public service efficiency. This chapter also presents research methods on the efficiency of public services provision used in the literature. The next part of the article includes the characteristic of local governments ranking list as a wide dataset, which characterizes efficiency of public services provision. The third part contains the analysis of the effectiveness of public services provision in the Polish local governments divided into three categories: cities with district rights, urban and rural municipalities, rural municipalities. In the last chapter of the article, a reader can be find the characteristic of the best fifteen cities with district rights in the public services provision and thus in developing the quality of life of residents.
Why not boys? The human papillomavirus vaccine schedule in the UK
Authors: Millington Helen , Kelly Janet Clair
Published: November 2016

In the United Kingdom, boys are not currently included in the human papillomavirus vaccination schedule. Helen Millington and Dr Janet Clair Kelly looks at the ethical issues and explains why both, boys and girls, should be immunised.
Supporting children and young people who have been neglected
Authors: Thornton Stephanie
Published: November 2016

Stephanie Thornton looks at the impact of neglect on children and young people, why it tends to be under-reported and what can be done to support victims.
Literacy and numeracy
Authors: Bromley Matt
Published: November 2016

In the final of his series of articles discussing best practice in key stage 3, Matt Bromley looks at the keystones of literacy and numeracy
Just for Fun?
Authors: Knightsmith Pooky
Published: November 2016

Has our culture of academic achievement at all costs begun to infect even the extra-curricular and hobby pursuits of our young people? Dr Pooky Knightsmith underlines the importance of doing things ‘just for fun’
CARACTERIZAÇÃO DAS COOPERAÇÕES INTERINSTITUCIONAIS NO ESTADO DO PARANÁ: UMA ANÁLISE SOB A ÓTICA DAS UNIVERSIDADES
Authors: Mussi Fabricio Baron
Published: November 2016

A presente pesquisa buscou caracterizar as cooperações em que a universidade se constitui em uma das partes envolvidas e, em especial, os relacionamentos nos moldes Universidade-Empresa (U-E), Universidade-Universidade (U-U) e Universidade-Institutos de Pesquisa (U-IP). Na pesquisa, de natureza descritiva, foram empregados métodos de natureza qualitativa e quantitativa. Constatou-se que parte significativa do referencial disponível a respeito desse tema ainda está centrada nas relações entre universidades e empresas. Para os itens que compõem as dimensões de facilitadores, dificultadores, motivadores e determinantes da cooperação interinstitucional, verificou-se que existem diferenças de acordo com o tipo de parceiro com o qual as instituições acadêmicas se envolvem. Observou-se, ainda, que cada tipo de interação possui determinadas especificidades com relação ao instrumento contratual que norteia a cooperação. Outra constatação concerne à predominância de pesquisas conjuntas na área de ciências exatas. Uma vez identificados os fatores que interferem nas cooperações interinstitucionais, sugere-se, como potencial pesquisa futura, avaliar a contribuição de cada fator por intermédio das técnicas de regressão quantílica.
RACIONALIDADE LIMITADA: UMA ANÁLISE DOS MANUAIS DIDÁTICOS DE TEORIA GERAL DA ADMINISTRAÇÃO
Authors: Dias Daniela Teixeira , Bernardino Gustavo , Américo Jean Carlos da Silva , Benini Elcio Gustavo
Published: November 2016

O objetivo deste artigo consistiu em analisar como o conceito de racionalidade limitada tem sido tratado nos manuais didáticos de Teoria Geral da Administração, com base em termos de qualidade e aprofundamento. Para tanto, foram utilizados três manuais didáticos disponibilizados pela Biblioteca Central da Universidade Federal Alfa, quais sejam: “Teoria Geral da Administração”, de autoria de Motta e Vasconcelos (Manual A); “Introdução à Administração”, de Chiavenato (Manual B); e “Administração: Teoria e Processos”, dos autores Caravantes, Caravantes e Kloeckener (Manual C). Esses foram observados com base na análise de conteúdo em quatro dimensões definidas a priori: delimitação da abordagem e qualidade das referências; dimensão histórico-concreta; dimensão das relações; e dimensão teórica. Os resultados evidenciaram que todos os manuais apresentaram considerações quanto ao pressuposto de racionalidade limitada e fizeram referência a Simon e Barnard, embora não tenham discutido as obras e suas contribuições de forma mais extensiva. O Manual A foi o mais completo nos eixos de análise aqui expostos. O Manual B se voltou a uma discussão teórica sumarizada e sintética. Já o Manual C definiu e conceituou a racionalidade limitada e foi o único a descrever os tipos de racionalidade apresentados por Simon.
Depolarization of a randomly distributed plasmonic meander metasurface characterized by Mueller matrix spectroscopic ellipsometry
Authors: Fu Liwei , Berrier Audrey , Li Huiyu , Schau Philipp , Frenner Karsten , Dressel Martin , Osten Wolfgang
Published: November 2016

Metallic nanostructures offer efficient solutions in polarization control with a very low thickness. In this report, we investigate the optical properties of a nano-fabricated plasmonic pseudo-depolarizer using Mueller matrix spectroscopic ellipsometry in transmission configuration. The depolarizer is composed of 256 square cells, each containing a periodically corrugated metallic film with random orientation. The full Mueller matrix was analyzed as a function of incident angle in a range between 0 and 20° and over the whole rotation angle range. Depolarization could be achieved in two visible wavelength regions around the short-range and long-range surface plasmon polariton frequencies, respectively. Furthermore, depolarization for circularly polarized light was 2.5 times stronger than that for linearly polarized light. Our results could work as a guidance for realizing a broadband high efficiency dielectric metasurface depolarizers.
The deconstruction of two maternal figures – the lunatic of the house and Medea in Crímenes Domésticos (Family Crimes) by Vanessa Vilches Norat
Authors: Fuentes-Rivera Ada G.
Published: November 2016

The order and tensions of the intimate space that make up a home hide controversial meanings from which we can interpret culture, family and particularly the mother figure in the family. Vanessa Vilches Norat uses family domesticity as a starting point to question western and Puerto Rican culture in her book, Crímenes domésticos (Family Crimes, 2007). Even from its title, the reader faces violence as the main signifier of the Puerto Rican culture. However, it is not a reference to the violence we read about every day in the national newspapers, but to a subtle violence – the one that happens behind closed doors, the one not expressed, the one hidden in our homes … the violence that tattoos and shapes our feminine bodies. In this article, I will examine the mother figure as it appears in two short stories: ‘Del hilo de su voz’ and ‘Monstruosa sororidad’ (‘About the thread of her voice’ and ‘Monstrous sorority’). This article is divided into three sections: a theoretical introduction, contextualization and discussion of the stories.
A screech in the dark
Authors: Anim-Addo Joan
Published: November 2016

On a Caribbean island where both tradition and the very modern shape everyday lives, Carole and Monica’s best friend Ruthie has been murdered. The gossips emerge to heap blame. Did the screech owls in any way signify Ruthie’s murder? The friends, trying to come to terms with their own feelings, avoid each other. Unknown to each other, instead of going to the wake, they head for the same concert. When Carole discovers Monica at the concert, feelings run high and their questions raise the tension between them until an older woman persuades them to return to the wake and the more traditional way of remembering their friend.
Flight reflections
Authors: Pollard Velma
Published: November 2016

The short snippets under this title take a light-hearted look at changes in airline flight meal policy over a decade.
The girl who looks like a boy
Authors: Barker Heather
Published: November 2016

The short story ‘The girl who looks like a boy’ examines the evolving and transforming relationship between a young daughter and her father around defining moments in their lives. It takes place in the context of the silences and mystery that surround sexuality and sensuality in Caribbean communities and families even in the diaspora. The story’s title declares the protagonist’s strong identification with the male or father figure and is a nod to the tomboy, ‘George’, in Enid Blyton’s Famous Five adventure stories.
‘My voice shall ring in your ears’: The acousmatic voice and the timbral sublime in the Gothic romance
Authors: Foley Matt
Published: November 2016

Many studies of the Gothic romance have argued for the importance of sight and obscurity to its aesthetic forms; however, its soundscapes have been considered more scarcely, with only Dale Townshend reading, in any extended sense, the sonic dimensions of the originate Gothic of the late eighteenth century. As this article argues by drawing from Mladen Dolar’s psychoanalytic formulations of the object voice, the obscured or sourceless voice as a means of auditory persecution is an important mechanism in both horror Gothic and in the Radcliffean school of terror. An example of the horror or ‘male’ Gothic of the early nineteenth century, Charles Maturin’s Melmoth the Wanderer (1820) stages a series of persecutory voices that invoke the negative, timbral sublime – an overwhelming textual/auditory excess and a representation of what, theoretically, Dolar has described as ‘the voice beyond logos, the voice beyond law’. It is precisely through such an invocation of a negative sublime that the interrogative voices of Melmoth attempt to dominate those to whom they call. Yet, in Ann Radcliffe’s literature of terror, the disembodied voice is shown, consistently, to lack the authority of law: it is often mistrusted and its source misplaced. Thus the acoustic dimensions of the Gothic romance, I argue in this article, are shaped in part by the distinctive ways in which the terror and horror literatures of the period negotiate and stage the inherent alterity of the troubled and troubling voices that echo throughout their pages.
Sound and silence: The aesthetics of the auditory in the novels of Ann Radcliffe
Authors: Passey Joan
Published: November 2016

Ann Radcliffe’s Gothic novels are rich with visual imagery, but their use of sound is largely overlooked. While there is significant research into eighteenth century music, little has been said about Radcliffe’s use of atmospheric sound. This article proposes that Radcliffe uses sound to generate terror in response to eighteenth century concepts of sensibility and permeability of the self. In Radcliffe’s novels sound has an obscurity image does not, and penetrates the body, representative of larger anxieties over the degeneration of society.
Media and popular education: Views and policies on radio broadcasting in Republican China, 1920s–30s
Authors: De Giorgi Laura
Published: November 2016

This article focuses on the views and policies about the use of radio broadcasting for popular modern education in Republican China in the 1920s and 1930s. The development of radio technology for broadcasting in China during the first half of the twentieth century has been often justified on the ground of its importance as a tool for mass education. After the establishment of the Nanjing government in 1927, and especially in the second half of the 1930s, efforts were made by the Nationalist Party to advance the use of broadcasting for modern education. This cultural agenda partially reflected an international trend, but it was mainly just one aspect of a more general understanding about which should be the proper role of the media in a modern society. Although in China the use of radio broadcasting as a tool of popular education was hindered by many factors, the assumption of a strong nexus among progress, mass education and media technology shaped both the public opinion’s perception of the medium and the Chinese State radio policies.
Beyond propaganda: The role of radio in modernizing China in the socialist era, 1949–76
Authors: Lei Wei
Published: November 2016

When socialist China was founded in 1949, led by the Chinese Communist Party and with Mao Zedong as the leader, radio was the most technologically viable medium with little presence of television. As propaganda is the dominant conception mobilized to interpret the role of media in Mao-era China (1949–76), radio is no exception. However, we still do not fully understand how radio worked and the degree to which programming shaped both public and individual life during this era. Addressing these questions is crucial if we are to explore the involvement of radio in modernizing Mao-era China beyond propaganda. Drawing largely upon Chinese material available pertinent to radio in Mao-era China, this article starts by examining the circumstances in which a state-owned radio system was constructed. It then moves on to scrutinize the materiality and forms of listening exercised in Chinese everyday lived reality. It investigates: several radio genres that were prominent during the Maoist era; and; the multiple dimensions that guided radio’s production of a socialist subject. Taking the historical context and specific radio practices into account, this article aims to address issues – both theoretical and empirical – to localize the relationship between radio and modernization in socialist China.
Copyright, media and modernization in China: A historical review, 1890–2015
Authors: Ren Xiang
Published: November 2016

This article understands the history of copyright and media in China as co-evolution between two conflicting paradigms. One builds on the Confucian and Communist systems, where cultural production and knowledge creation are collective and commons-based, while the other is similar to the western copyright practices characterized by the legal protection and commercial exploitation of proprietary ownership rights of creative works. The article reviews the complex interplay between the two opposed paradigms in different historical periods and explores the tension between the ‘western’ models and the ‘Chinese’ traditions and characteristics in the modernization of copyright and media.
A short history of new media studies in China: Practices and identity construction, 1980s–today
Authors: Wei Fang , Jianbin Jin
Published: November 2016

This article examines studies surrounding Chinese new media and identity construction from a historical perspective. More specifically, this article examines the dynamism of Chinese individuals’ practices surrounding various new media that emerged and evolved at different times from the 1990s to the present, with a particular focus on identity construction within a theoretical framework of individualization. Drawing upon a review of previous studies and analysis of a new case, this article discusses how identities are negotiated and created through the consumption of new media products and services, the expression of selves, interactions with others and participation in political events. Lastly, this article addresses the changes and continuities in Chinese individuals’ practices of identity construction accompanied with the evolution of different new media throughout the last two decades.
Campanhas de Educação de Jovens e Adultos - EJA: Aspectos Históricos e Avanços
Authors: Lopes Edjonas Silvana , Silvana Francimária Sousa Santos , Damasceno Eronilda Gomes
Published: November 2016

Este trabalho pretende refletir sobre a Educação Brasileira voltada especialmente para os jovens e adultos da nação, desde os antepassados dos índios, passando pelo Brasil colônia, pela república até chegar à contribuição de Paulo Freire. A questão do analfabetismo já foi considerada “a vergonha nacional” por isso cabe conhecer e distinguir cada momento histórico e político, como palco das grandes campanhas de alfabetização em massa, dentre elas as três principais foram: a primeira de 1947, Campanha de Educação de Adolescente e Adultos –CEAA; a segunda de 1952, Campanha Nacional de Educação Rural –CNER; e na terceira posição, ainda na década de 50, a Campanha Nacional de Erradicação do Analfabetismo –CNEA. Além dessas campanhas, o MOBRAL também foi um projeto de Alfabetização de efeito gigantesco e que merece destaque nesse artigo. Cada campanha ou movimento social tinha objetivos em comum, a educação, para aqueles que não tiveram acesso a ela na idade adequada. Finalizando pela proposta metodológica de Laubach, contratado para orientar professores para atuar no Brasil em diversas campanhas.
Avaliação das Comunicações Científicas Brasileiras
Authors: Oliveira Gislene Farias de
Published: November 2016

Todas as iniciativas para implementar uma melhoria das avaliações das comunicações científicas são sempre bem vindas, seja em que área do conhecimento for. Em editoriais anteriores, sempre tento ressaltar a importância do trabalho dos editores científico, bem como auditores e avaliadores pareceristas, que atuam nos periódicos, para que tentem garantir uma produção de qualidade.
O Impacto do ICMS Substituição Tributária no Custo das Mercadorias Adquiridas pelo Comércio Varejista de Alimentos
Authors: Correia José Jonas Alves , Silva Filipe Emmanuel Alves da , Silva Priscila Karla Ferreira da , Santos Aldemar De Araújo
Published: November 2016

Este trabalho teve por objetivo apresentar o impacto da substituição tributária do ICMS nos custos dos produtos adquiridos pelo comércio varejista. Para responder à questão de pesquisa e o objetivo proposto, utilizou-se pesquisa documental e exploratória, onde para a análise dos dados, observou-se que as notas fiscais de aquisição de mercadorias oriundas de todas as regiões do país. Os dados foram coletados de uma empresa de atividade econômica de comércio varejista de alimentos em geral, cuja identidade foi mantida em anonimato nesta pesquisa, classificando neste aspecto a pesquisa como um estudo de caso. O estudo foi realizado no período de agosto a dezembro de 2015, na cidade de Juazeiro do Norte, Estado do Ceará. Percebeu-se com a pesquisa, que para o fisco, o mecanismo da substituição tributária proporciona uma arrecadação mais racional, o que provoca uma melhoria do controle fiscal e nos processos operacionais do ente fazendário e, que, em contrapartida, o fisco usa da transferência da responsabilidade tributária para concentrar a arrecadação em um número me­nor de contribuintes, sobre os quais recai o encargo de recolher todo o imposto incidente desde a primei­ra até a última etapa da operação com mercadorias, onerando os custos dos contribuintes, como é o caso das empresas das atividades de varejo e atacado de produtos alimentícios em geral.
Visita Domiciliar como ferramenta de atenção integral ao usuário da Estratégia de Saúde da Família
Authors: Lima Rosilene Aguiar dos Santos Silveira , Lopes Arianna Oliveira Santana
Published: November 2016

A visita domiciliar é uma importante ferramenta de trabalho da Equipe de Saúde da Família (EqSF), pois permite um olhar direcionado da situação real e local de cada indivíduo e suas famílias. Objetivo: verificar o envolvimento dos profissionais de saúde da ESF nas visitas domiciliares de dois municípios distintos do interior da Bahia. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória e de abordagem quantitativa. A amostra foi constituída de22 enfermeiros das unidades básicas de saúde que fazem parte de dois municípios baianos. Foi utilizado um questionário adaptado da especialização em Saúde da Família da Universidade Federal de Pelotas Especialização em Saúde da Família – UFPEL. O instrumento foi dividido em dois grupos: 1 Cuidado domiciliar - em que foi avaliado a participação dos profissionais e os procedimentos que realizados no domicilio. 02 Limitações e planejamento para efetivação da Visita Domiciliar. Resultados: 92,86% dos profissionais mencionaram o levantamento de usuários que necessitam de cuidado domiciliar; 86,36% relataram a realização de procedimentos no domicílio dentre eles curativos e consulta puerperal; quanto a realização das visitas se destacaram 100% dos Agentes comunitários de saúde e enfermeiro seguido do médico 86,36%. Em relação às limitações e fragilidades, 7 31,82% profissionais relataram ter dificuldades de transporte para efetivar a visita domiciliare 77,27% mencionaram o planejamento da visita. Considerações Finais: A VD é um importante instrumento para acompanhamento da situação da saúde das famílias, prestação de cuidados e orientação, e é considerado ponto positivo e facilitador do acesso aos serviços de saúde, no entanto alguns fatores ainda limitam a sua realização de forma plena e integral.
Refletindo sobre a Didática e a Formação Docente
Authors: Lustosa Maria Cristina Oliveira , Matias Luciana Varela Rocha
Published: November 2016

A educação é entendia como um processo dialético onde acontece a aprendizagem. Historicamente, a prática docente foi sendo compreendida como especificidade do ato social. Nesse artigo apresentamos reflexões sobre a contribuição da didática no processo ensino-aprendizagem, e na formação docente. Leva-nos a refletir uma educação acessível respeitando a individualidade humana, propondo novos desafios objetivando a transformação no contexto educacional.
The Invention of Corruption: Political Malpractice and Selective Prosecution in Colonial Northern Nigeria
Authors: Pierce Steven
Published: November 2016

Although corruption is overwhelmingly important in Nigerian political discourse and studies of contemporary politics, the topic has received surprisingly little attention from historians. This article considers an instance of corruption that took place in Kano emirate, Northern Nigeria, in 1924. The government’s response to the case was instructive: although the likeliest reconstruction of events suggested wide-ranging, severe political malpractice, the official inquiry took only the most moderate of steps, all the while avoiding the language of “corruption” or indeed of official criminality. Although more recent forms of corruption are profoundly different from this case, they are the recognizable inheritors of some of the politics of corruption that originated nearly a century ago.
Selecting Those “Worthy” of Remembering: Memorialization in Early Lagos Newspapers
Authors: Sawada Nozomi
Published: November 2016

In the late nineteenth century, in order to highlight the significance of the lives of the now deceased to society, African-owned newspapers in Lagos began publishing newspaper articles on memorial campaigns, which were organized for the purpose of perpetuating the memory of “great men and women.” By examining descriptive patterns of memorialization and tracing the trajectories of selective remembering and forgetting in the early Lagos press, this article elucidates the way in which the Lagos press sought to materialize memories of chosen figures and construct a shared history in the society, demonstrating how newspapers could be used as a source to illuminate the cultural values and practices of the urban educated Africans at the time. This article also argues that Lagos newspapers could be identified not only as a medium of social memory, but also as memorial objects, which were essential for formulating the ideas of the future.
Discussões Curriculares no Ensino e suas Relações entre Ciência/Tecnologia/Sociedade e História da Ciência
Authors: Santos Maria Elane Mendonça , Reis Nirly Araujo dos , Silva Erivanildo Lopes da
Published: November 2016

O presente trabalho busca apresentar uma discussão sobre o currículo escolar, argumentando acerca de alguns aspectos que norteiam o tema no âmbito do ensino de ciências, apontando características do currículo vigente e em contrapartida, debatendo tendências a fim de compor um currículo crítico. Defende-se um currículo, considerando às interações CTS, atreladas a História da Ciência, de modo que tal relação possa contribuir para o desenvolvimento de atitudes e valores, isto é, ter posição crítica diante de problemas sociais. Um currículo crítico deve ir além de visões não equivocadas de ciência e de ensinar ciência, e, nesse caso, o professor deve atuar em um processo de mediação docente. O desenvolvimento dessas atividades permitem argumentar acerca da possibilidade do uso dessas tendências frente ao ensino desfragmentado e disciplinar, portanto, é imprescindível intensificar discussões curriculares críticas já nos cursos superiores, para que assim, tais tendências sejam incorporadas ao cotidiano escolar.
Contextualização, Experimentação e a Pesquisa na Web para Despertar o Interesse pelo Estudo das Reações Químicas
Authors: Da Silva Jaime Rodrigues
Published: November 2016

Os estudantes que estão na transição do ensino fundamental para o médio, encontram dificuldades para compreender os conteúdos das Ciências, pois trazem consigo concepções errôneas sobre as disciplinas, sendo que algumas destas são passadas de geração para geração. Além disso, o ensino tradicional, que não relaciona a vida escolar com a do cotidiano do aprendiz potencializa essa problemática.Na busca de alternativas ao ensino bancário trabalhamos com três eixos de mediação do conhecimento: a contextualização, a experimentação e as situações de estudo, que demonstraram ser ferramentas importantes para discutir esses problemas. Utilizando um tema comum da vida dos aprendizes, observamos um maior comprometimento e satisfação não só em responder as indagações propostas pelo professor orientador, como também a elaboração de questões durante o estudo. A partir deste nossos trabalho concluímos que é necessário estimular o uso na escola de práticas educacionais que sejam inovadoras e insiram a problemática da vida do aluno como forma de estudo dos conteúdos disciplinares.
Evidence for the Dual Role of Floral Secretory Cells in Bulbophyllum
Authors: Stpiczyńska Małgorzata , Davies Kevin L.
Published: November 2016

Floral epidermal cells of most species of Bulbophyllum Thouars studied to date produce both lipid-rich food-rewards and fragrance. Since fragrances largely consist of terpenoids and have an affinity for lipophilic stains, the simultaneous presence of lipid-rich food-rewards frustrates identification of fragrance-secreting cells by conventional histochemistry. Furthermore, since both lipid-rich food-rewards and fragrances are probably synthesized by a similar complement of organelles, interpretation of TEM images can prove difficult. All members of section Racemosae Benth. & Hook. f. investigated to date, however, are unusual in their secretion of a predominantly proteinaceous food-reward, and lipids are seemingly absent. This might enable their use as models for the identification and characterization of fragrance-secreting tissues and organelles.

Three members of sect. Racemosae were chosen, namely Bulbophyllum dissitiflorum Seidenf., B. lilacinum Ridl. and B. tricorne Seidenf. & Smitinand. All produced food-rewards. Of these, one (B. dissitiflorum) lacked fragrance and was used as a control, whereas the remaining two species produced fragrance. Having established that the food-reward was mainly proteinaceous in each case, and did not test positively for lipid, we undertook further histochemical investigations, as well as light microscopy, SEM and TEM. Specialized palisade-like epidermal cells of all species contained protein bodies and rough endoplasmic reticulum consistent with the production and secretion of a protein-rich food-reward. Cuticular pores were also present. In fragrant species, these cells also contained abundant smooth endoplasmic reticulum, oil droplets and many, well-developed, spherical plastids with numerous plastoglobuli, similar to those found in the osmophores (fragrance-producing structures) of other orchids. Indeterminate, osmiophilic cytoplasmic inclusions were also present. By contrast, the non-fragrant species lacked oil droplets and other osmiophilic inclusions and the plastids were scant, poorly developed, often elongate or irregular in shape and contained few plastoglobuli. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum was also less frequent. Since food-rewards tested negatively for lipid, it is probable that any oil droplets present were involved in fragrance production, especially since they were absent from the non-fragrant species. Thus, the unusual absence of lipids from the food-rewards of sect. Racemosae provided a rare opportunity, permitting, for the first time, the unraveling of these two secretory processes (food-reward and fragrance) in Bulbophyllum and clearly demonstrating the plasticity of these cells and their dual role in secretion.
Low Genetic Diversity of Declining Viola uliginosa (Violaceae) at its Southern Range Limits in Poland
Authors: Paul Wojciech , Cieślak Elżbieta , Ronikier Michał , Migdałek Grzegorz , Słomka Aneta , Żabicka Justyna
Published: November 2016

Viola uliginosa(bog violet) is a declining species throughout its range due to – mostly anthropogenic – drying out of the wet habitats it occupies. Using AFLP markers, we aimed to estimate the genetic diversity in Polish populations, that may give an insight into the situation of plant populations facing rapid loss of natural habitats.

Bog violet from several dispersed Polish populations is generally characterized by very low genetic diversity (HT= 0.048), even lower than several other endangered violets; therefore, we suggest that it should preserve at least EN rank in the red lists/red data books. The mean gene diversity within all populations (HS) was much lower than gene diversity (GST) between populations (0.020 versus 0.583, respectively) which supports the prevalence of clonal propagation of the species (mainly by stolons) but may also point to some significance of autogamy in cleisto- and chasmogamous flowers. A highFSTvalue and the Mantel test for all populations revealed significant isolation by distance. Geographically neighboring pairs of populations formed genetic clusters supported by all (in the case of two closest populations) or most statistical analyses applied. Special attention should be paid to thelocus classicusof the species in Rząska, consisting of a small number of individuals, forming a genetically distinct group, revealing very low gene diversity (Hj= 0.009) and the longest genetic distance to the remaining populations. Our results can contribute to planning future protection measures for the species at this and other locations. Genetic structure of the studied populations suggests local affinities of populations but does not generally support hypothesized recent continuity ofV. uliginosarange along the river valleys of southern Poland; this view may, however, be altered with widening of the scope of studied populations and chosen molecular markers.
Rigidity of entire graphs in weighted product spaces with nonnegative Bakry–Émery–Ricci tensor
Authors: de Lima Henrique F. , Oliveira Arlandson M. S. , Santos Márcio S.
Published: November 2016

We study the rigidity of entire graphs defined over the fiber of a weighted product space whose Bakry–Émery–Ricci tensor is nonnegative. Supposing that the weighted mean curvature is constant and assuming appropriated constraints on the norm of the gradient of the smooth function u which determines such a graph Σ(u), we prove that u is constant. Our proof is based on a formula for the Laplacian of an angle function attached to a hypersurface and on a weakversion of the Omori–Yau generalized maximum principle.
The Comparison Of Different Activation Techniques To Prepare Activated Carbon Materials From Waste Cotton Fabric
Authors: Shuahua Hou Wensheng Wang , Meixia Wei , Qiaoli Xu , Mei Niu
Published: November 2016

In this paper, we investigate on the preparation of waste cotton fabric-based activated carbons by different methods. Two different kinds of carbon materials are prepared from waste cotton fabric, the structure and properties were characterized using instrumental analyses such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). It is revealed that the products prepared using one-step process are composed of macroporous carbon network , which looks like sponge-type morphology, and exhibit the high values of qiodine (1,198 mg/g) and qmb (235.6 ml/g), showing their potential usage as adsorbent.
Legislation on Intellectual Property in the Russian Federation: Novels Introduced in 2014
Authors: Gavrilov Eduard P.
Published: November 2016

Purpose of this article is to tell foreign readers about novels made in Russian intellectual property law in 2014. As is known modern Russian revolution in the field of intellectual property legislation occurred January 1, 2008 when Russian intellectual property legislation was codified, included in the text of part fourth of the Civil Code (CC) of the Russian Federation. Part fourth of the Russian CC (Federal law №230-FZ, 2006) entered into force on January 1, 2008. At the same day seven sectoral intellectual property laws were repealed. Second Revolution in this field took place during 2014: Federal law №35-FZ, 2014, substantially amending the Fourth part on the CC, entered into force on October the 1st of 2014.

Scientific aim: The essence and evaluation of these amendments is the subject matter of this paper.

Methods: The research is based on the analysis of the new amendments and articles added to the part fourth of the CC.

Findings: Codification of the sectoral legislation en bloc in CC is a unique phenomenon. The author believes that such a construction of intellectual property law was made correctly and at the proper time. Factually the Federal Law №35-FZ (2014) is the eleventh law amending the text of the part fourth of the CC. But all previous amendments were small and not substantial. As far as amendments introduced by the law №35-FZ (2014) are concerned, they are numerous and very, very substantial. Before entering into force of the law №35-FZ (2014) (thereafter – law 35-FZ), the Part fourth of the CC contained 328 articles. The law 35-FZ amends 169 articles of it and adds seven new articles. I am convinced that the law is a rather big step towards building a modern system of intellectual property legislation in Russia.

Conclusions: More than 150 amendments were introduced by the law №35-FZ. Author estimates about 80% of them as positive and about 20% as negative and erroneous. These amendments do not contradict the international intellectual property agreements signed by the Russian Federation. Generally their purpose is to enhance and clarify the Russian intellectual property legislation and to narrow the gap between Russian and European intellectual property laws. The author of this article deals with intellectual property laws more than 50 years on. This paper is a short English version of various articles on this topic published in Russian, in journals: «The business and the law» (Chozjaistvo i pravo) and «The patents and licenses» (Patenti i licenzii).
Analysis of the morphological variation of Basque
Authors: Aurrekoetxea Gotzon
Published: November 2016

The lack of homogeneous data recorded by similar methodologies has been a handicap to the development of more advanced studies on the dialectal variation of Basque. Now that the first five volumes of the Linguistic Atlas of the Basque Language have been published, researchers have access to a great amount of data and the possibility to use more sophisticated procedures to analyze the variation of the Basque language from a geolinguistic point of view.

In this contribution, we use data taken from the fifth volume of this atlas, which is devoted to noun morphology. First, these data will be analyzed linguistically, and instead of using the phonetic representation, we will use the phonological or underlying representation. In order to do this, we will analyze the inventory of the morphological suffixes used in nominal inflexion cases and the phonological rules which appear in these cases (mainly assimilation, dissimilation, insertion and deletion), using the classical view of generative phonology.

As far as the cartography of the data is concerned, we will use the recently created Diatech tool, instead of other dialectometrical tools, because of the multiple responses (MR) which that data show. In effect, the Diatech tool provides a more accurate processing of the MR than other tools. As well as conceptual maps, synthetic maps will be presented; these maps will show different geographical organizations of the suffixes and phonological rules.