bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of the Education Program on Using Iodine Mouthwash on Dental and Oral Health in Adolescents: An Intervention Study in the Adolescent Community in Batusangkar City, Indonesia
Authors: Aini Rahmatul , Harfindo Nismal  , Desy Purnama Sari  , Dyana Putri
Published: June 2024

Poor oral health in adolescents is a significant public health problem in Indonesia. Iodine-based mouthwash has been proven effective in reducing plaque and gingivitis, but its use is not optimal among adolescents. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational program on the use of iodine-based mouthwash on dental and oral health among adolescents in Batusangkar City. This research is an experimental study with a pre-post test design involving 150 adolescents aged 12-18 years in Batusangkar City. Participants were randomly divided into an intervention group (receiving an educational program and iodine mouthwash) and a control group (receiving an iodine mouthwash). Plaque index, gingival index, and knowledge about dental and oral health were measured before and after the intervention for 6 months. Data analysis was carried out using paired t-tests and independent t-tests. There was a significant reduction in plaque index and gingival index in the intervention group after 6 months of intervention (p < 0.05). The increase in knowledge about dental and oral health was also significant in the intervention group (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the two groups at the start of the study. The educational program on the use of iodine-based mouthwash is effective in improving dental and oral health among adolescents in Batusangkar City. This program can be recommended as part of efforts to prevent dental and oral diseases in adolescents.
Promising immunotherapeutic approaches for primary effusion lymphoma
Authors: Panaampon Jutatip , Okada Seiji
Published: June 2024

Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a large B-cell neoplasm usually presenting as a serious effusion in body cavities without detectable tumor masses. It is an AIDS-related non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) with human herpes virus 8 (HHV8)/Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpes virus (KSHV) infection. A combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) prolongs the lifespan of AIDS and AIDS-related malignant lymphoma patients, but PEL continues to have a dismal prognosis. PEL showed disappointing outcomes with standard chemotherapy such as CHOP or CHOP-like regimens. A PEL status highlights the urgent need for new therapeutic approaches and treatment strategies and improve clinical outcomes. This review discusses the current knowledge and some recent clinical trials for PEL in the platform of immunotherapy as well as promising future immunotherapeutic approaches for PEL.
Pengelolaan Persediaan Melalui Pendekatan Metode FIFO Bagi UMKM
Authors: Panigoro Nurharyati , Tuli Hartati , Mahmud Muliyani
Published: June 2024

Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dari program ini adalah untuk mengembangkan pengetahuan para pelaku usaha mikro mengenai pengelolaan persediaan barang dengan menerapkan metode First in First Out (Masuk Pertama Keluar Pertama) agar dapat meningkatkan pendapatan dengan meminimalisir adanya biaya persediaan yang expaired. Kegiatan dilaksanakan di Desa Botutonuo, Kecamatan Kabila Bone, Kabupaten Bone Bolango. Manfaat kegiatan ini bagi para pelaku usaha mikro adalah mereka mendapatkan pemahaman tentang bagaimana mengelola persediaannya dengan baik sehingga dapat meningkatkan pendapatan mereka dengan meminimalisir adanya biaya persediaan yang rusak atau habis masa layak pakainya. Penyajian materi diberikan oleh narasumber dari Dosen Jurusan Akuntansi Universitas Negeri Gorontalo. Adapun materi yang disampaikan meliputi pentingnya mengelola persediaan, tata cara pengelolaan persediaan menggunakan metode First in First Out. Evaluasi yang dilakukan untuk mengukur tingkat capaian yaitu dengan metode diskusi dan menyelesaikan kasus. pada tahap ini dilakukan untuk mengukur pemahaman peserta pelatihan tentang materi yang telah diberikan. Berdasarkan hasil pengabdian ini diperoleh yaitu peserta sebagian besar mampu mengelola persediaan menggunakan metode First in First Out. Tindak lanjut dari hasil pengabdian ini yaitu ada kerjasama dari pihak Desa mewakili UMKM dengan Jurusan Akuntansi Universitas Negeri Gorontalo untuk melakukan pendampingan bagi UMKM.
The features of the implementation of the state policy in the field of information society development in the Republic of Azerbaijan
Authors:   North Ossetian State University named after K. L. Khetagurov, Koybaev B. G. ,   North-Caucasus Mining and Metallurgical Institute (State Technological University), Usova Yu. V. ,   Pyatigorsk State University, Zoloeva Z. T. ,   North-Caucasus Mining and Metallurgical Institute (State Technological University)
Published: June 2024

The article analyzes the modern state policy of Azerbaijan in the field of information society development and the mechanisms of its implementation. The development of the information society is one of the main tasks of the country, since the level of its development largely depends on the level of economic power and its place in the geopolitical arena. All this requires the implementation of a state policy aimed at its development. The main objectives of the state information policy are the implementation of activities to modernize the information and communication infrastructure; the implementation of measures aimed at the overall development of information technologies; the implementation of measures to enhance the use of information and communication technologies by citizens; the formation of effective legal frameworks accompanying the implementation of state policy. In addition, given that in modern conditions, the development of the information society is accompanied by the active development of digital technologies, the tasks of state policy in this area include the development of digital technologies, the development of citizens' skills to use them, ensuring information security. The expansion of the circulation and exchange of information in society with the use of new technologies has significantly enriched information policy, which is one of the important elements of democratic progress. The further development of a stable political system has opened a new stage in the political and economic development of the country. According to the authors, the information policy in Azerbaijan, including the state information policy, is currently in the period of its formation.
The evolution of Iran's geopolitics after the 1979 islamic revolution
Authors:   Astrakhan State University, Guliev O. E.
Published: June 2024

The events of 1978-1979, which brought Khomeini and his supporters to power, completely changes the foreign and domestic policy of Iran. This phenomenon becomes one of the factors that form the modern geopolitical configuration of the region. Indicative of the historical scale of the revolution was the fact that the Persian monarchy with 2500 years of history, represented by many dynasties along with the Pahlavi dynasty, ceased to exist politically. The existing system was replaced by a clerical Shiite clergy with the teachings of Imam Khomeini's Wilayat al-Faqih. In the early years of the Islamic Republic, Tehran's foreign policy saw its political order as the ideal model of an Islamic republic for regional Muslim states. From the works of Iranian scholars studying foreign policy in the post-Islamic revolution period, the thesis of the change of revolutionary romanticism characteristic of the first years of the new political system, which manifested itself in attempts to export this model, should be highlighted. At the present stage, there is a gradual transition from romanticism to foreign policy pragmatism, which was facilitated by the era of Rafsanjani and Khatami. There has been a softening of the foreign policy, which since the 1979 revolution, has been based on two concepts - "Export of the Islamic Revolution" and "Neither East nor West, but the Islamic Republic".
On the applicability of the synergetic approach in political research
Authors:   Sevastopol State University, Maksimova E. N.
Published: June 2024

The article summarizes some provisions of synergetics and assesses the possibility of their application to the objects of political science. The author suggests that the synergetic approach is applicable to the study of political processes and dynamic states of political systems. The features of political systems from the point of view of synergetics are clarified: a combination of organizational and self-organizational principles; openness and dynamism; nonlinearity and multilevelness. The conclusion is made about the applicability of the synergetic approach in studies of stable and unstable states of political systems, as well as about the prospects of using adapted provisions of synergetics in explaining crisis phenomena and transitional processes in politics.
The specific character of the contemporary Russian youth policy in the context of problematization of the youth subjectness principle
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Gilyazova O. S.
Published: June 2024

The aim of the article is to consider the specific character of youth policy in contemporary Russia by retrospectively analyzing its establishment, its laws and regulations, its theories (types and models) conceptualized depending on youth perception patterns (as a problem or resource), the place and role of youth (as a subject or object). The action-activity-based approach, rooted in the ideas of leading sociologists P. Bourdieu, A. Giddens, P. Sztompka, serves as methodological framework. Results: The dependence of the youth policy on the president’s agenda, its secondariness, its non-publicity and uninformativity, governmental-paternalistic focus, abundant fictions and simulations, archaism, marketing logic, etc. have been revealed. These features are attributable to substitution of youth policy for its specific format – state (government) youth policy. As corrective measures, it is proposed to make the youth subjectness principle real (through the development of civil society institutions). Conclusion: Considering that the identified problems stem from the dissonance between the youth subjectness principle declared in the scientific-theoretical discourse and regulatory environment and the absence of political will and conditions for actualizing this principle, the hope for fundamental transformation of the Russian youth policy is premature.
The differentiation of regions by means of the hierarchical method of cluster analysis and environmental data
Authors:   Pyatigorsk State University, Boyko N. A. , Sibukaev E. Sh. ,   Pyatigorsk Research Institute of Balneology
Published: June 2024

The material presented in the article based on specific knowledge: regional studies, mathematical statistics and environmental economics. The urgency of the problem is due to the adjustment of the mode of the development vector of the country's economy and the search for additional internal reserves, incl. coverage of regions. The theoretical basis was considered as an argument in favor of doing the work. The purpose of the study was a comparative analysis of regions using statistical tools. To achieve this goal, a suitable scientific method was chosen, an array of factual data was formed for 31 constituent entities of the Russian Federation. It was fundamentally important to show the application of different methods of the hierarchical approach of cluster analysis. Using data on the state of the environment and nature management, the expediency of dividing the regions into three groups is substantiated, their comparative characteristics and recommendations for improving the sustainability of development are given. Summing up, it can be stated that the use of the hierarchical method of cluster analysis for the study of 31 regions made it possible to present these subjects of the Russian Federation in a special author's understanding, to show geographical differences, to group them, to generalize the main statistical data on the state of the environment and nature management. The work performed corresponds to the concept of the transition of Russian regions to a new, "green" course of political and economic development.
Requiem for an elite: the end of industrial domination
Authors:   Astrakhan State University named after V.N. Tatishchev, Karabushenko P. L.
Published: June 2024

The systemic crisis of modern Western civilisation is particularly evident in the professional condition of its ruling political class, which has produced a negative selection of elites with enviable consistency. The professional competence of the ruling class declines disastrously with each new generation. This marker is the most important criterion of crisis and degradation of what V. Pareto and G. Mosca called the elite. Actually, history is already performing its final requiem for this elite. The stream of criticism to the existing political elite testifies to its deepest professional crisis. The system of elites itself is being criticized and this criticism is becoming more and more systematic. Today we are indeed witnessing a veritable requiem for the industrial-type elite. Its supremacy is questioned not only by political scientists, but also by some politicians.
To the concept of the educational handbook on the drawing gypsum head
Authors:   Stavropol Regional School of Design (technical school), Latzerds N. V.
Published: June 2024

The article discusses the relevance of creating a multimedia teaching aid for teaching students to draw a plaster head, describes its concept and sections, taking into account the leading trends in art education. They put forward the thesis that there is a relationship between the idea of using multimedia educational resources in the process of teaching drawing, thus forming students' motivation to learn, as well as more effective mastering the laws of visual literacy against the background of artistic culture and skill.
Sino-Indian socio-political relations at the modern stage
Authors:   Pyatigorsk State University, Panin V. N. , Botasheva A. K. ,   Pyatigorsk State University, Abazalieva M. M. ,   North Caucasus State Academy
Published: June 2024

Modern Sino-Indian relations are characterized on the one hand by similarity in views on many key issues of world politics and mutual attitude to cooperation, on the other hand, there is an element of competition and disagreement in a number of areas. In general, the geopolitical balance of power in South and Southeast Asia is unstable and largely depends on the relations between such powers as India and China. A certain concern is caused by the fact that in modern conditions, India, having abandoned the long-standing policy of neutrality, has taken a course to build up military power, since China in its foreign policy towards it in some cases, using a military resource, has established control over some disputed border territories of India. The article analyzes the strategic plans and concrete steps of both India and China to build either China-centric or Indo-centric Asia and provides arguments in favor of China-centric trends in both geopolitical and geo-economic areas.
The political journalism and PR in the communication sphere of society
Authors:   North-Caucasus Federal University, Pyatigorsk Institute (branch), Alkhazova M. Kh. , Ezdekova L. B. ,   North-Caucasus Federal University, Pyatigorsk Institute (branch)
Published: June 2024

Scientific reflection on the processes taking place in the political life of societies involves the identification of significant links between journalism and real political reality. The author notes that, in general, the qualitative focus of political journalism contributes to its categorization as a fundamental concept as a political category, as a subject and object of the political process. It is concluded that political journalism is a broad branch of journalism that includes coverage of all aspects of politics, political processes and political science, including political PR. It is emphasized that political journalism, including PR, is carried out in all types of mass media. At the same time, political journalism is the widest field of journalism, and its subject area can be any sphere of not only political, but also social life – from political PR to disputes and discussions on the topic of disqualification of athletes at international championships and directly political life itself at different levels of society functioning. It is proved that the main direction of political journalism is political ideas, PR activities in the field of political and building political guidelines of society.
The India's foreign policy at the present stage: main landmarks
Authors:   North Caucasian State Academy, Abazalieva M. M. , Pavlova M. G. ,   Pyatigorsk State University
Published: June 2024

The article examines the fundamental principles of Indian foreign policy and shows that the main principle is the promotion and realization of their national interests. A large place in the work is occupied by the consideration of the main guidelines of India's foreign policy, where national interests are considered not just as a kind of theoretical concept, but also as a practical model of behavior. The research is conducted through consideration of such problems as maintaining the system of national interests of a given state, where, as in most countries of the world, security occupies a central place. The paper analyzes another characteristic feature of Indian foreign policy – independence. The main attention is drawn to the fact that strong internal prerequisites contribute to the fact that India is slightly exposed to external political influences, which allows it to more confidently promote its national interests in the international arena. India's foreign policy strategy is fully implemented in the context of its national interests and is focused on the implementation of the central tasks facing the political elite of the state. The main goal of the current government's foreign policy strategy is to promote India's economic development and attract foreign investment. The key priority of the current Prime Minister's foreign policy is the implementation of the "Do in India" initiative, which aims at significant growth of the industrial sector, so important for Delhi. Indian ruling circles rely on the position that the differences between the two main centers of power of modernity continue to grow. The Prime Minister believes that India should not be drawn into the struggle between the United States and the People's Republic of China, as this will hinder the realization of the goal of economic development, as well as significantly aggravate the situation in the field of national security. However, Delhi is not ready to narrow economic ties with either side in favor of a third. An important interest for India is the expansion of contacts with priority regional associations (ASEAN, EU, SAARC) and major powers (Russia, Japan, Australia), which, first of all, will help attract additional investments into the country's economy, and also form a comprehensive system of arrangements for insuring its economic and political risks.
Prognosis of the anti-inflammatory activity of the main components of wormwood by methods of network pharmacology
Authors:   Volgograd State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute (branch), Airapetyan E. E. , Zolotykh D. S. ,   Volgograd State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute (branch), Konovalov D. A. ,   Volgograd State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute (branch)
Published: June 2024

Of considerable value are "natural bioregulators - traditional herbal medicines with historically proven efficacy and safety." A potential source of biologically active compounds is Artemisiae scopariae herba. Purpose of the study. To predict the probable ways of implementing anti-inflammatory activity for the main active compounds of the extract based on the aerial part of Artemisia scoparia. Free online services, programs and databases: SwissTargetPrediction, GeneCards, DisGeNet, Venny 2.1, STRING, Cytoscape. Results. The anti-inflammatory effect of the studied compounds, described as the main active substances in the extract from the aerial part of Artemisia scoparia, can probably be realized both through well-known second messengers, primary targets, and through promising targets. Putative targets associated with the manifestation of the anti-inflammatory activity of the extract from Artemisiae scopariae herba have been identified.
The nutrition structure of the population of Russia: problems and prospects on the example of the Rostov Region
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Alekseyev A. L. , Krotova O. E. ,   Don State Technical University, Kaplunenko A. R. ,   Don State Technical University, Omelchuk M. A. ,   Don State Technical University, Beskrovnaya A. A. ,   Don State Technical University
Published: June 2024

In recent years, great importance has been attached to the preservation and strengthening of public health, the role of disease prevention and the formation of a healthy lifestyle, including the formation of a culture of healthy nutrition of the population. The strategy of improving the quality of food products in the Russian Federation until 2030 is focused on ensuring proper nutrition, preventing diseases, increasing the duration and improving the quality of life of the population, stimulating the development of production and circulation in the food market. The analysis of the nutrition structure of the Russian population indicates significant deviations from the recommendations on rational norms of food consumption that meet modern requirements of a healthy diet. Prolonged improper, irrational nutrition is a factor of increased risk of developing diseases: oncological diseases, alimentary risk factors of which are the presence of carcinogenic additives in food products; diseases of the cardiovascular system; obesity; disorders of the gastrointestinal tract due to the low content of dietary fiber in food; osteoporosis is a change in the composition of bones due to the loss of calcium.
The use of microalgae: spirulina, nori profira, nori kelp in the production of functional foods (analytical review)
Authors:   Pyatigorsk Institute (branch), North Caucasus Federal University, Orobinskaya V. N. , Pushmina I. N. ,   Siberian Federal University, Lavrova T. N. ,   Pyatigorsk Institute (branch), North Caucasus Federal University, Pisarenko O. N. ,   Pyatigorsk Institute (branch), North Caucasus Federal University, Emelyanov S. A. ,   North Caucasus Federal University, Konovalov D. A. ,   Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute (branch), Volgograd State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Published: June 2024

The analysis of research conducted by domestic and foreign scientists in the field of the use of marine algae in the production of functional food products with a wide range of biological activity: antibacterial, antiviral, angticarcinogenic and anticoagulant showed that the use of brown algae containing heterogeneous polysaccharides "fucoidans", spirulina containing polyunsaturated fatty acids: γ-linolenic, oleic, and nucleic acids acid and characterized by a high content of vitamin B12, β-carotene, iron, calcium and phosphorus and having neutral organoleptic properties, as well as chlorella (Chlorella vulgaris) – a source of fat-soluble vitamins, choline, dietary fiber and minerals as a promising natural raw material is an urgent and promising application of functional and therapeutic and preventive nutrition during the period of rehabilitation after various diseases.
Study of the influence of yogurt starters on the process of goat’s and cow’s milk fermentation in different ratios
Authors:   North-Caucasus Federal University, Shmidt J. S. , Lodygin A. D. ,   North-Caucasus Federal University, Emelyanov S. A. ,   North-Caucasus Federal University
Published: June 2024

The purpose of the research is to study the effect of yogurt cultures on the efficiency of the goat milk fermentation process. The objects of research were goat's milk, cow's milk and starter cultures Bifidonorm from Lactoferm ECO (Italy) and bioprox YO-PROX 569 (France). The relevance of obtaining functional fermented dairy products based on goat's milk is substantiated. The optimal dosage of starter cultures in the production of yogurt based on goat's milk has been established. The effect of starter cultures on the fermentation process during fermentation of goat's and cow's milk in various ratios was studied. The possibility of using Bifidonorm and bioprox YO-PROX 569 starter cultures for the production of yogurt based on goat's milk has been confirmed. The relevance of functional fermented dairy products based on goat's milk obtaining is substantiated. The process of goat's and cow's milk mixtures fermentation was studied at their different ratio using two types of starter cultures. The influence of the direct vat set starter culture type on the organoleptic and physico-chemical parameters of yogurt based on goat's milk was studied. The possibility of goat’s milk using for the manufacturing of fermented dairy products has been confirmed.
System analysis of erosion-bed processes
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Georgieva M. A.
Published: June 2024

Erosion-bed processes can be caused by various factors, such as high speed of water flow, uneven flow, change in the direction of water flow, water coming to the surface from aquifers and the groundwater horizon, the presence of variability in the channel and other factors. A mathematical description of the processes under consideration in their complex relationships and system analysis allows us to predict the development of erosion-bed processes, such as: changes in the strength of the channel, an increase in the speed of water flow, the formation of local waterfalls and rapids, dam breaks and other dangers. In addition, the removal of material from the riverbed can lead to pollution of water bodies and disruption of the ecosystem.
Statistical research development of neural networks and their role in the field of video production
Authors:   North-Caucasus Federal University, Pyatigorsk Institute (branch), Kostoglotov A. A. , Mikhailov G. G. ,   Pyatigorsk Institute (branch), North Caucasus Federal University, Napalkin M. Yu. ,   Pyatigorsk Institute (branch), North Caucasus Federal University
Published: June 2024

The development of technology these days is amazing in its rapidity. Computer and network technologies have come a long way from local file sharing services to a global repository that absorbs the knowledge of many generations of humanity. However, now a new milestone in technology development is gaining momentum - artificial neural networks, which are something different than the prototypes of artificial intelligence shown to us in popular culture - films, TV series and books. These are assistants that are developing every day, capable of performing a wide range of tasks assigned by a person. Neural networks are becoming more and more rooted in our lives, and we use them without even realizing that they are branches of artificial intelligence. The list of them is quite large, starting from voice assistants aimed at quickly searching for information on the Internet. Due to competition in the technology market, almost every large IT company owns its own voice assistant, which is distributed on devices produced by the companies - personal computers, mobile phones and other smart devices. Among the most influential, it is worth noting the voice assistants ―Alice‖, developed by Yandex, ―Cortana‖ - developed by Microsoft, and ―Siri‖ - a voice assistant for devices created by Apple. Also, in addition to voice assistants that recognize voice commands, there are neural network generators that have found their niche in various branches of modern Internet media, from generating text to creating original images based on user requests. Video content is one of the fundamental pillars of media culture around the world and to this day, the majority of the population finds it preferable due to receiving more information in less time. However, now in view of the development of neural network technologies, the question arises: will actively learning neural networks replace full-fledged video production workers? The article will conduct a study of statistics on the use of neural networks for working with media content, and will also answer the question posed above.
THE IMPORTANCE OF SPORTS NUTRITION AND CORRECTION OF WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE IN FOOTBALL
Authors:   Associate professor at Department of Human and Animal Physiology at National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek, Uzbekistan, Toxtaevich Adilbekov Taxir , Aminjanovna Mamatova Zulayho ,   Associate professor at Department of Human and Animal Physiology at National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek, Uzbekistan
Published: June 2024

The article describes recommendations for correcting water-electrolyte balance during physical training of football players, as well as daily energy expenditure and caloric content of daily menu products.
TYPES AND STRUCTURE OF SURGICAL DISEASES IN NEWBORNS ACCORDING TO DATA FROM A REGIONAL CENTER
Authors:   Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand Regional Children's Multidisciplinary Medical Center, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, F.Sh. Mavlyanov , M.K. Azizov ,   Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand Regional Children's Multidisciplinary Medical Center, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, S.E. Tursunov ,   Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand Regional Children's Multidisciplinary Medical Center, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, Sh.K. Mavlyanov ,   Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand Regional Children's Multidisciplinary Medical Center, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
Published: June 2024

Reducing perinatal morbidity and mortality is one of the main tasks of the maternal and child health care system. Congenital anomalies contribute significantly to these indicators and occupy leading positions in terms of prevalence. According to the World Health Organization, 25% of newborns are born with developmental defects. In light of this data, increasing the efficiency of early medical care and reducing growth and development-related disorders in newborns is crucial. Congenital anomalies of the digestive tract occupy a primary place, corresponding to 21.7%-25%. Currently, perinatal studies of the problem of mother and child with congenital digestive tract anomalies are considered separately, which is significant for perinatal diagnostics, the ability to predict congenital digestive tract anomalies, and determining tactics. This is of great importance for both pediatricians and surgeons. As a first step in creating a system for assessing and improving medical services provided to the younger generation, it is important to optimize medical care for newborns with surgical diseases.
CULTURAL SYMBOLS AND IMAGERY IN ENGLISH LITERATURE
Authors:   PhD student, Samarkand State University named after Sharof Rashidov, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, Sabohat Allamurodova
Published: June 2024

This article explores the profound role of cultural symbols and imagery in English literature, tracing their evolution from the medieval period to contemporary works. By examining religious, nature, social, political, racial, and gender symbols, the article highlights how these literary devices enhance thematic depth, create atmosphere, and aid character development. Through given examples, the article demonstrates that cultural symbols and imagery are integral to conveying complex ideas and reflecting societal values, enriching the reader’s experience and understanding of literature across different eras.
UNRAVELING CORRUPTION: A HISTORICAL EXPLORATION OF ITS EMERGENCE AND IMPACT ON SOCIETY
Authors:   Senior specialist of the Department of Ideological Propaganda, Anti-Terrorism Department of the Internal Affairs Department of Surkhandarya Region, Uzbekistan, Ilyos Suyunov
Published: June 2024

Corruption, a pervasive and insidious phenomenon, has plagued societies throughout history, transcending geographical, cultural, and political boundaries. This article delves deep into the roots of corruption, tracing its origins,evolution, and enduring impact on individuals, institutions, and nations. By examining historical examples from ancient civilizations to modern democracies, we aim to shed light on the complex nature of corruption, its causes, and the strategies employed to combat this formidable challenge. Through this comprehensive analysis, we seek to foster a better understanding of corruption and its far-reaching consequences on social, economic, and political structures.
SPECIFIC SIGNS OF POETIC DEVELOPMENT OF BAKHTIYAR GENJEMURODOV'S POETRY
Authors:   Doctor of philosophy (PhD), Karakalpak State University, Uzbekistan, Kabulova Zamira , Malika Dadebaeva ,   2nd year student, Karakalpak State University, Uzbekistan
Published: June 2024

The unique features of the poetry of the independence period. And the influence of this process on the literary work can be seen in the analysis of a number of poems.
CONFLICTS OF LOVE AND JUSTICE IN “MUKADDAS” BY ODIL YAQUBOV
Authors:   Doctor of philosophy (PhD) in philological sciences, senior researcher at the Institute of Uzbek Language, Literature and Folklore of UzRFA, Uzbekistan, Erkabayevich Allambergenov Anvar
Published: June 2024

In this article, “Mukaddas” by Adil Yakubov has been analyzed. Some matters are discussed in the article, such as conflicts of love and justice of this story. Opinions are expressed about the author’s unique style of events interpretation in it.
POSSIBILITIES OF ART THERAPY IN WORKING WITH A CHILD WITH ATTENTION DEFICIT AND HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER
Authors:   Teacher at the Department of Oligophrenopedagogy at Faculty of Special Pedagogy and Inclusive Education at TSPU named after Nizomi, Uzbekistan, Anvarovna Gulomova Aziza
Published: June 2024

Art therapy offers promising avenues for therapeutic intervention in children diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). This paper explores the potentials and benefits of utilizing art therapy techniques as part of a holistic treatment approach for children with ADHD. Through a review of existing literature and case studies, the effectiveness of art therapyin improving attention span, emotional regulation, and social skills is examined. Practical considerations for implementing art therapy in clinical and educational settings are discussed, including the role of the therapist, suitable techniques, and potential challenges. The paper concludes with recommendations for future research directions and underscores the importance of integrating art therapy into multidisciplinary ADHD treatment plans.
USING AUTHENTIC MATERIALS TO DEVELOP STUDENTS’ CRITICAL READING ABILITY
Authors:   Second-year student of the ", Gulnara Abdullayeva ,   English",   department, Nukus State Pedagogical Institute named after Ajiniyaz, Uzbekistan
Published: June 2024

This article uncovers the potential of authentic materials, such as real-world texts, materials and resources, in developing students' critical reading abilities. It argues that traditional textbook-based approaches often fail to engage students in meaningful ways and lack the complexity and relevance required for fostering critical thinking skills. The article examines specificstrategies for incorporating authentic materials into the classroom, highlighting their effectiveness in motivating students, promoting deeper understanding of content, and developing essential critical reading skills such as analysis, evaluation, and synthesis. The benefits of using authentic materials for various subject areas and age groups are discussed, alongside practical tips and resources for educators.
RECOVERY OF FOOTBALL PLAYERS BODIES AFTER INTENSIVE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
Authors:   Associate professor at Department of Human and Animal Physiology at National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek, Uzbekistan, Toxtaevich Adilbekov Taxir
Published: June 2024

The article contains recommendations for providing food in accordance with physiological norms for the process of restoring the energy used for the recovery of the athlete's body and adjusting the diet depending on the content of necessary nutrients (proteins, minerals, water, mineral products) in the provision of plastic substances.
CALCIUM METABOLISM AND FEATURES OF ITS ABSORPTION IN THE BODY OF ATHLETES
Authors:   Department of “Sport Management” at Faculty of “Taekwondo and sports activities” at National University named after Mirzo Ulugbek, Uzbekistan, Seydaliyeva L.T. , Shukurova S.S. ,   Department of “Sport Management” at Faculty of “Taekwondo and sports activities” at National University named after Mirzo Ulugbek, Uzbekistan
Published: June 2024

Calcium is certainly one of the most important elements of the human body. Calcium is necessary for the transmission of nerve impulses, blood clotting, secretory activity, cell differentiation and death, the implementation of the immune response,some enzymatic processes, the process of muscle contraction, etc. The concentration of calcium in the blood can vary by no more than 3% and is subject to strict control by the homeostasis system, and is also regulated by the hormonal system.The level of calcium in the blood is regulated by two hormones, as well as calcitriol. In addition, the level of calcium in the blood can change under the influence of heavy metals. The process of calcium absorption and the processes of its removal from the body are influenced by many factors -the state of the hormonal system, the quality of food, the intensity of the training process, etc. At the same time, uncontrolled consumption of calcium by athletes entails extremely negative consequences.
METHODOLOGY OF STUDENTS PLANNING OF PROJECT WORKS
Authors:   Termiz State University, Uzbekistan, Qultorayevich Mamanazarov Bori
Published: June 2024

The methodology of students' project work planning skills formation, using the "Multisim" program installed along with information and communication technologies, systematization, generalization and deepening of the students' knowledge of electrical engineering, electronics, radio engineering, physics, mathematics, and informatics are presented.
THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN MODERN EDUCATION
Authors:   International Islamic Academy of Uzbekistan, ", Sabirovna Mavlyuda Khodjaeva ,   Modern information and communication technologies",   , Associate Professor of the Department, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Uzbekistan
Published: June 2024

The contribution of computer science to education has always been important. From robotic teaching to the phenomenon of automatic system to analyze the answer sheet, Artificial Intelligence has always helped every teacher and student. In this study, we took a deep look at various analytics developments in use around the world, such as computing in education. Science techniques and thereby generalize and emphasize the role of artificial intelligence in teaching and analyzing students. Artificial intelligencehas enabled intelligent tutoring systems, the basis of all information science. These systems help develop the skills of self-reflection, deep questions to answer, breaking down conflicting statements, creating artistic questions, and making choices.
THE IMPORTANCE OF USING AUTHENTIC MATERIALS IN EFL CLASSES
Authors:   The Department of foreign languages and literature at University of Tashkent for Applied Sciences, Gavhar Str. 1, Tashkent 100149, Uzbekistan, Iroda Rahimov
Published: June 2024

This article discusses the significance of using authentic materials in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classes. It explores how suitable learning materials, tailored to students' financial, linguistic, and social backgrounds, can enhance motivation and foster continuous learning. The article delves into the benefits and challenges of using authentic materials, supported by various studies and expert opinions. It emphasizes that despite the difficulties, the advantages of incorporating authentic materials far outweigh the challenges, and with proper task design, teachers can effectively integrate these resources into their curriculum.
CREATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF TEACHERS
Authors:   Teacher, Department of English Applied Disciplines, Uzbekistan state world languages university, Uzbekistan, qizi Ergasheva Fayoza Bahodir
Published: June 2024

The article's goal is to pinpoint the circumstances that foster teachers’ creative growth while they are enrolled in postsecondary education programs. The authors' qualitative and quantitative research findings are incorporated into the text. Expert in-depth interviews with subject matter experts in the field of higher education serve as a representation of qualitative research. A questionnaire was held in education institutions in order to be used in quantitative research. Recent research on the issues of young employment, higher education, and the mismatch between the labor market and the educational system was analyzed. The article demonstrates how creativity is viewed as an integrated quality in higher education, with the capacity to generate novel ideas, be goal-oriented, and find practical solutions. The writers have examined the content of this process and determined the elements, circumstances, and stages of teachers' creative development at higher education institutions. The application of a comprehensive, systematic idea at a higher education institution in accordance with intuitive creativity, creative capacity which defines contribution to the development of teachers’ creativity.
A LOOK AT TYPICAL MISTAKES OF STUDENTS IN THE WORKS OF FOREIGN RESEARCHERS
Authors:   Associate professor at Tashkent State Pedagogical University named after Nizami, Uzbekistan, Azatovich Ashirboyev Azim
Published: June 2024

The article examines a review of theoretical literature on the occurrence and causes of errors in the educational process, and identifies the varieties, types and types of errors. The author analyzed studies of typical mistakes made by students when mastering geometric problems.
ANECDOTES AS A LINGUISTIC, COMMUNICATIVE AND SOCIO-CULTURAL PHENOMENON
Authors:   Teachers of the German language department, Chirchik State Pedagogical University, Uzbekistan, Shirnazarova Zamira , Zaripova Zyodajon ,   Teachers of the German language department, Chirchik State Pedagogical University, Uzbekistan
Published: June 2024

This article reveals the linguistic, communicative and socio-cultural aspects of anecdotes in the German language. Both analysis and opinions about the importance of forming sociolinguistic competence in teaching the German language and the concept of competence are presented.
MAIN FACTORS INFLUENCING LEGAL MONITORING OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF LEGISLATIVE ACTS
Authors:   Candidate of Legal Sciences, Independent researcher of the Supreme School of Judges under the Supreme Judicial Council of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Uzbekistan, Abdujalilovich MASHKUROV Gayrat
Published: June 2024

This article examines the theoretical views of legal scholars on the factors influencing the conduct of legal monitoring. At the same time, the main attention is paid to identifying negative factors that impede legal monitoring and ways to eliminate them.
THE IMPACT OF DIGITIZATION ON TOURISM SERVICES MARKETING STRATEGIES (A FIELD STUDY ON TOURISM COMPANIES IN NAJAF GOVERNORATE)
Authors:   Lect., Middle Euphrates Technical University - Najaf Technical Institute, Iraq, Taher Najihah Mohammed
Published: June 2024

The research aims to study the impact of digitization on marketing strategies for tourism services. Tourism companies use modern technology that depends on re-planning and enhancing the work of tourism and travel companies, such as online reservation services and even virtual mobile phones, using digitized devices enhanced with artificial intelligence. Digitization is the necessity of the era within the digital reality with its technical, economic, and human dimensions. It has opened new horizons for effective social networking for tourism companies dealing with their customers to speed up the process of providing tourism services to them by understanding their needs for those services. Adopting marketing strategies in delivering tourism services has become inevitable, so this research emphasized lowering costs, focusing on customers, and adopting a culture of innovation and creativity. The research sample included 120 tourism and travel companies with managers at different levels and individuals working in them within the Holy Najaf Governorate. The questionnaire was used as a tool to collect primary data, which contains (35) questions. In light of this, primary data was obtained through the responses of 100 surveyed companies. Data analysis and tests of research hypotheses were conducted using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences.
THE USE OF ELLIPSIS IN DRAMATIC DIALOGUE
Authors:   Academy of Arts of the Republic of Uzbekistan Academy of sciences Uzbek language, literature and folklore institutes base doctoral students, Uzbekistan, Andaniyazova Gavkhar
Published: June 2024

Every novelist aims to make their work engaging and widely read, striving to craft compelling dialogue that vividly conveys characters' emotions and brings their stories to life. By focusing on the speech of characters, authors can skillfully employ a range of grammatical techniques, choosing and creating fresh expressions to enhance the aesthetic impact of their writing. This careful attention to dialogue allows for a richer and more immersive reading experience. In the novels of Sharof Boshbekov, one particular linguistic tool stands out: ellipsis. Boshbekov adeptly utilizes ellipsis to convey the fluidity, influence, and naturalism of his characters' speech, adding depth and realism to his narratives. Through the strategic use of ellipsis, he is able to capture the nuances of spoken language, making his characters' dialogues more dynamic and true to life. This technique not only enhances the overall aesthetic quality of his novels but also helps to create a stronger emotional connection between the characters and the readers.
THE ROLE AND INTERPRETATION OF VISUAL IMAGE IN HISTORICAL STUDIES
Authors:   Researcher at Tashkent State University of Oriental Studies, Uzbekistan, Nazarkulova Nodira
Published: June 2024

This paper explores the role and significance of visual images in the field of history. It examines how visual sources such as photographs, paintings, and other visual media contribute to historical understanding and interpretation. The study delves into the methodologies employed by historians to analyze visual images, discusses the epistemological implications of visual evidence, and considers the challenges and limitations associated with using visual images in historical research. Through a review of literature and case studies, the paper aims to highlight the importance of visual images as both sources and subjects of historical inquiry, with a particular focus on the representation of Korean women.