bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pathophysiology Causes of Dysphoe in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Diabetes Melitus
Authors: Marushko Ye.Yu. , Mankovsky G.B. , Dzhun Ya.Yu.
Published: December 2024

Such a nonspecific complaint as breathlessness with minimal physical exertion can potentially be associated with both pulmonary pathology and heart failure, as well as ischemic heart disease. The latter variant is often observed in patients with diabetes mellitus, where due to diabetic neuropathy, the patient does not suffer from typical angina but has its equivalent in the form of dyspnea.
Objective — to study the prevalence of ischemic heart disease due to stenosing atherosclerosis of the coronary vessels and microvascular angina, as well as heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Materials and methods. The study retrospectively included 62 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and COPD who complained of exertional dyspnea. Upon examination, 21.0 % of these patients were found to have and underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for stenosing atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries, 21.0 % were diagnosed with microvascular angina, and 62.9 % with heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction, and their therapy was accordingly modified. Thanks to this comprehensive approach, the mean results of the 6-minute walk test changed from an initial (156.6 ± 16.5) to (356.9 ± 31.1) m after 12 months of observation (p < 0.05).
Results and discussion. Over the course of 12 months, diabetes compensation (HbA1c < 7.0 %) was achieved in 55 (88.7 %) patients. Body mass index reduction to less than 30 kg/m2 during the observation period was recorded in 12 (85.7 %) of 14 obese patients. In 13 of 26 (41.9 %) patients with stress-echo confirmed myocardial ischemia but no significant lesions in coronary arteries according to CT coronary angiography, the coronary flow reserve index was less than 2. With comprehensive treatment of comorbid pathology, the mean 6-minute walk test results after 12 months significantly differed from the baseline and even from the 1-month values (356.9 ± 31.1) vs. (156.6 ± 16.5) and (234.2 ± 21.8) meters, respectively, p < 0.05).
Conclusions. A comprehensive approach to patients with diabetes and exertional dyspnea, considering the possibility of having COPD, ischemic heart disease, and heart failure, and treating these conditions accordingly, allows achieving maximum effect in terms of increasing the functional capacity of patients.
Factors Influencing the Implementation of Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence In HIV/AIDS Patients
Authors: Rahmadhani Wulan , Astuti Dyah Puji , Novyriana Eka
Published: December 2024

Provision of antiretroviral therapy dramatically decreases the mortality and morbidity of people with HIV/AIDS. Antiretroviral therapy is reduced the rate of HIV transmission in the community, morbidity and mortality associated with HIV. Patients with HIV need antiretroviral therapy (ARV) to reduce the amount of virus in the body so that it does not enter the AIDS stage. However, individuals with AIDS need ARV to prevent opportunistic infections. ARVs need to be taken for life so it requires patient adherence in taking ARVs. ARV therapy adherence is an important key in preventing resistance and improving the quality of life for individuals with HIV/AIDS. It can improve the quality of life, restore and maintain the immune function by suppressing viral replication maximally and continuously. This study used a literature review method to search for articles related to antiretroviral therapy adherence in HIV/AIDS patients. Articles were obtained from databases such as ProQuest, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Some studies revealed that antiretroviral therapy adherence in HIV/AIDS patients is influenced by some factors that are different for each patient. Based on the articles that have been reviewed, it can be concluded that factors influencing antiretroviral therapy adherence in HIV/AIDS patients are education, knowledge, age, gender, occupation, and income, length of time in the ARV program, side effects, psychological factors, and the availability of health facilities.
Integrated Approach to Diagnostic Tuberculosis in Today’s Conditions (Review)
Authors: Pikas O.B. , Semeniuk M.A.
Published: December 2024

The analysis of professional publications of global and Ukrainian experience regarding the diagnosis of tuberculosis patients was carried out. The analysis of literary sources of recent years shows that tuberculosis remains an urgent problem in Ukraine. The situation in Ukraine today will contribute to the growth of morbidity and mortality rates from tuberculosis, the progression of this disease.Thorough examination of all contact children and adolescents in centers of tuberculosis infection is recommended: history study, tuberculin diagnostics (quantiferon test), clinical, radiological and micro­biological examination for timely detection of tuberculosis (or infection). The tuberculin Mantoux test and interferon-gamma release assays are useful for detecting latent tuberculosis infection.A multidisciplinary approach and conducting a complex of clinical, laboratory, pathohistological and the latest diagnostic instrumental studies make it possible to carry out differential diagnosis. Patients in whom tuberculosis is diagnosed using microbiological methods more often live in rural areas with low availability of medical services. Patients in whom tuberculosis is diagnosed using a radiological method more often live in the city and are involved in an active screening program.A separate direction is the analysis of modern minimally invasive methods of obtaining biopsies. Timely acquisition of lung biopsy material for morphological examination makes it possible to establish the correct diagnosis in case of its dissemination. A comprehensive approach in the diagnosis of granulomatous lesions of the lungs in patients with HIV infection/AIDS improves the verification of the etiological factor. The informativeness of the methods of diagnosing tuberculosis in HIV-infected persons was studied: the most informative method was culture (54 %), radiological was informative in 27 % of cases.For the final identification of mycobacteria (specificity), the genetic test system GenoType MTB DR (Hain, Laifsains) is used, which makes it possible to differentiate mycobacteria of the tuberculous and non-tuberculous complex in sputum patients. With the help of mathematical modeling, the approximate number of undetected tuberculosis patients during the period of quarantine measures was calculated and a forecast of a significant increase in the incidence of tuberculosis in the next few years was given, which will lead to an increase in the number of neglected forms of tuberculosis (in particular, non-pulmonary).
ONE OF THE REASONS FOR THE FAILURE OF SLEWING DEVICES OF SELF-PROPELLED JIB CRANES MANUFACTURED BY LIEBHERR
Authors: Sladkova Lyubov' , Fokin Valery , Voronin Nikolay
Published: December 2024

For import substitution, it is necessary to maintain the operability of available equipment that has suffered failures, especially since the sanctions imposed by unfriendly countries do not allow receiving spare parts and components from manufacturing companies. In particular, failures of slewing devices of self-propelled jib cranes with a lifting capacity of over 50 tons, the service life of which, by definition, should be equal to the service life of the machine as a whole. However, as it is shown from experience, a catastrophic failure of slewing devices occurs after 3 ... 5 years of operation. At the same time, it is obvious that any, even minor, failure of this crane structural element, as well as any other type of equipment, leads to repair work comparable to overhaul in terms of labor intensity. The determination of the causes of slewing device failure depends on changes in the stress-strain state of its elements (ball and roller supports), the loads on which are transmitted from the drive system, one of the main elements is a gear train, which type depends on the model of the crane manufactured (cylindrical or conical). Uneven wear of the teeth of the wheel and gear along the width of the tooth leads to a change in the kinematics of the wheel movement and uneven load on the elements of the pivoting device. Uneven height wear of the wheel is found out, and its upper part wears out to a greater extent than the lower one, which leads to slippage between the gear teeth in the upper part to a greater extent than in the lower one. The wear of the gear teeth and the rotary wheel leads to uneven and increased wear of the cassettes and separators of the slewing device and, accordingly, to the loss of rolling elements. The found unevenness of wheel wear in its various segments enables to make proposals for improving the wheel design. The essence of the improvement is in the manufacture of not a single wheel, but one consisting of four interchangeable parts with the ability to rearrange them as they wear out during operation. This will increase the service life of the slewing devices by 3-4 times and bring it up to the specified rated characteristics of the machine.
Perbandingan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa Menggunakan Model Pembelajaran PBL, PjBL, dan Inquiry Learning
Authors: Putri Aulia Indillah , Rohana Rohana , Destiniar Destiniar
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh rendahnya kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada atau tidak perbedaan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa menggunakan model pembelajaran PBL, PjBL dan Inquiry Learning. Penelitian ini menggunaan penelitian eksperimen dengan desain Posttest Only Control Design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini seluruh kelas VII di MTs Negeri 1 OKU Timur dengan jumalah sebanyal 354 siswa pada semester genap tahun ajaran 2023/2024. Pemilihan sampel menggunakan Cluster Random Sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 96 siswa yang terbagi menjadi 3 kelas. Instrumen yang digunakan tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis dengan jumlah 5 soal uraian yang sudah memenuhi uji validitas dan reliabilitas. Analisis data menggunakan uji anava satu jalur dan uji Scheffe sebagai uji lanjut. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pada penelitian ada perbedaan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa yang menggunakan model PBL, PjBL dan Inquiry Learning. Pada hasil uji lanjut Scheffe diperoleh bahwa siswa yang menggunakan model Inquiry Learning memiliki rata-rata kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis yang lebih rendah dibandingkan siswa diajar model PBL dan PjBL.
Studi Literatur: Evaluasi Dampak Game Edukasi pada Prestasi Belajar Matematika
Authors: Maharani Amalia , Sudiana Ria , Rahayu Ilmiyanti
Published: December 2024

Penggunaan game edukasi dalam pengajaran matematika memberikan dampak positif yang signifikan terhadap prestasi siswa, termasuk peningkatan skor tes dan motivasi belajar, serta memberikan kontribusi yang menguntungkan bagi prestasi akademis mereka dalam pelajaran matematika. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai pengaruh dari kontribusi tersebut, dengan fokus pada efektivitas dan manfaat konkret dari pendekatan ini. Pendekatan/Metode yang diterapkan adalah Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis (SLR), dengan penelitian dilakukan melalui pencarian di SINTA - Science and Technology Index, serta Google Scholar yang terakreditasi pada SINTA 4 dan 5. Hasil penelitian mengindikasikan bahwa penggunaan permainan edukatif memberikan dampak positif dan signifikan terhadap prestasi belajar matematika siswa., terlihat dari peningkatan skor tes dan motivasi belajar. Media game edukasi seperti Wordwall dan Quizizz terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan prestasi siswa serta memberikan dampak positif terhadap motivasi dan kinerja mereka dalam pembelajaran matematika. Hasil Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa permainan edukatif memberikan kontribusi positif terhadap pencapaian belajar matematika siswa. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pentingnya penggunaan permainan edukatif untuk memperkuat penguasaan konsep matematik, kemampuan hitung-hitungan, dan semangat belajar murid-murid. Oleh karena itu, game-game edukatif dapat digunakan sebagai instrumen pembelajaran yang optimal dalam bidang pendidikan matematika.
Analisis Pengetahuan Numerasi Mahasiswa Calon Guru Matematika
Authors: Oktariani Ema , Puspaningtyas Nicky Dwi
Published: December 2024

Dalam praktik pendidikan, sering kali terjadi kesalahan pemahaman terkait pengajaran numerasi. Banyak guru yang menganggap mengajarkan numerasi sama dengan mengajarkan  matematika, sehingga pembelajaran lebih fokus pada rumus dan latihan soal tanpa mengembangkan kemampuan numerasi siswa secara menyeluruh. Pendekatan seperti ini mengurangi kemampuan berpikir kritis dan pemecahan masalah siswa, yang penting untuk sukses dalam kehidupan dan dunia kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pengetahuan calon guru matematika terhadap numerasi.Sampel penelitian ini adalah mahasisswa matematika Universitas Teknokrat Indonesia sejumlah 20 mahasiswa. Metode penelitian menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil survei menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas calon guru memahami konsep dasar numerasi, namun terdapat perbedaan signifikan dalam mengidentifikasi soal numerasi. Sebanyak 95% responden mengetahui tentang numerasi, tetapi hanya 40% yang menyadari bahwa soal numerasi tidak selalu berbentuk soal cerita. Selain itu, 57,9% responden  menganggap soal matematika abstrak termasuk dalam  numerasi, yang menandakan adanya kebingungan antara kedua konsep tersebut. Sebagian besar responden 70% percaya bahwa keahlian matematika menjamin kemampuan numerasi, meskipun keduanya tidak selalu sejalan. Pelatihan  numerasi untuk calon guru perlu diperkuat, dengan penekanan pada pemahaman soal numerasi yang lebih beragam dan aplikasi matematika dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Selain itu, kurikulum pendidikan guru perlu disesuaikan untuk fokus pada pengembangan literasi numerasi agar calon guru lebih siap mengajarkan keterampilan ini kepada siswa.
Emergencia de plántulas de malezas bajo residuos de especies utilizadas como cultivos de cobertura
Authors: Zamar J. L. , Alessandria E. E. , Barchuk A. H. , Luque S. M.
Published: December 2024

Se determinó la influencia de cubiertas protectoras de Triticum aestivum L, Viciasativa  L. y Melilothus albus Desr. sobre la emergencia de diferentes especies de malezas. La presencia de residuo vegetal generó una respuesta heterogénea en la emergencia de las poblaciones de malezas, pero se observó una menor emergencia bajo la cobertura de los diferentes residuos analizados. La emergencia de gramíneas anuales fue afectada por la presencia de cobertura vegetal de las tres especies consideradas, en tanto que las especies perennes, en particular el sorgo de Alepo (Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.), fueron controladas significativamente por las coberturas de trigo y vicia. Los residuos de vicia afectaron significativamente la tasa de emergencia de la mayoría de las especies de malezas; mientras que los restos de trigo y melilo tus controlaron sólo a las especies perennes. De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos, principalmente para los ensayos con vicia, el uso de cultivos de cobertura en la región semiárida podría ser considerado como una alternativa apropiada dentro de un esquema de manejo integral de malezas.
Uso de fosfamina para el control de Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) en semillas de garbanzo (Cicer arietinum L.) y efectos sobre su viabilidad
Authors: Mazzuferi V. , Carreras J. , Casanoves F.
Published: December 2024

Cuando la época de cosecha coincide con alta humedad relativa ambiente, las semillas de garbanzo son más susceptibles a ser infestadas por Sitophilus oryzae, que produce, posteriormente, importantes daños en almacenamiento. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la eficiencia de la fumigación de semillas de garbanzo con fosfamina en el control de este insecto, analizar su incidencia sobre la viabilidad de las semillas y evaluar el efecto de una dosis alta de fosfamina en semillas con bajo y alto porcentaje de humedad. Se empleó una dosis de 3 mg/l de fosfamina con 4, 8 y 12 días de exposición, y 6 mg/l con 12 días de exposición en semillas con 7% y 16% de humedad. Para cada tratamiento se emplearon tres repeticiones, y cada unidad experimental estuvo compuesta por la descendencia de 40 insectos adultos no sexados de 1-2 semanas de vida, colocados sobre 35 gramos de semillas. No se observó emergencia de insectos con las dosis y tiempos de exposición ensayados. La viabilidad no se alteró con la dosis de 3 mg/l, pero disminuyó con la de 6 mg/l. Esta incidencia negativa se incrementó en semillas con alto tenor de humedad.
Effects of Physical Exercise Training on Chronic Low Back Pain are Mediated by Changes in Frontostriatal Connectivity and Gene Expression
Authors: Thompson Scott J , Roy Mathieu
Published: December 2024

Chronic low back pain is a prevalent and debilitating condition that can be difficult to resolve. One effective approach is physical exercise training. This study investigates the hypothesis that exercise training normalizes immune-brain interactions that cause pain exacerbation and perpetuation. Fifty-seven participants with chronic low back pain were randomized into a 14-week exercise training program or a wait-list control condition. Exercise training led to significant reductions in pain and disability. Brain imaging analyses revealed decreased nucleus accumbens and medial prefrontal cortex (NAc-mPFC) connectivity, suggesting a normalization of reward circuitry. Gene expression analysis in immune cells indicated that exercise training produced changes in biological pathways related to immune function, stress, and inflammation. In alignment with the hypothesis, the observed changes in NAc-mPFC connectivity and gene expression were found to mediate the effects of exercise training on chronic low back pain.
Predicting Recovery After Stressors Using Step Count Data Derived From Activity Monitors
Authors: Baretta Dario , Koch Sarah , Buekers Joren , Aymerich Judith Garcia , Knapova Lenka , Elavsky Steriani , Godino Job , Olthof Merlijn , Lichtwarck-Aschoff Anna , Hartigh Ruud den , Chevance Guillaume
Published: December 2024

This study examines the stressor-response process in physical activity among 240 participants across four countries. We analyzed their step count collected via activity monitors before and after a significant stressor: the COVID-19 lockdown. Results showed that a 'local dynamic complexity' metric significantly predicts the rate of recovery to pre-COVID levels of physical activity. These findings provide new opportunities for just-in-time interventions to support physical activity recovery after disruptive stressors.
Utilizing Foundation Models to Enhance Autonomous Robotic Systems in Dynamic and Unstructured Environments
Authors: Brown Sophia
Published: December 2024

Autonomous robotics in unstructured environments,such as disaster zones and construction sites, presents significantchallenges due to unpredictability and complexity. Traditionalrobotic systems often struggle with adaptability and generalization in these settings. Recent advancements in foundationmodels, including Large Language Models (LLMs) and LargeVision Models (LVMs), offer promising solutions by enhancingperception, decision-making, and interaction capabilities. Thispaper explores the integration of foundation models into autonomous robotics, systematically reviewing current applications,identifying challenges, and proposing future research directions.We analyze the impact of these models on various robotic tasks,assess the current level of autonomy achieved, and envisionscenarios for fully autonomous operations. Our findings indicatethat while foundation models significantly improve cognitivetasks, their application in physical interactions remains nascent.This study serves as a comprehensive benchmark for futureadvancements in autonomous robotics within dynamic and unstructured environments
South to Justice: Using International Law to Defend against U.S. Border Externalization Policies through the Example of Forcibly Disappeared Migrants in Mexico
Authors: Cadwalader-Schultheis Natalie
Published: December 2024

The United States is increasingly employing border externalization controls as a primary means of preventing immigrants and asylum seekers from accessing due process and protection on U.S. soil. From Title 42, to metering, to the Remain in Mexico program, to Texas’s State Bill 4 today, no country has been more instrumental in facilitating or halting this suite of policies than Mexico. In this paper, I address the rise of border externalization policies in the United States, describe key differences between Mexican and U.S. human rights frameworks, and show how U.S. lawyers have mischaracterized enforced disappearances of migrants at the U.S.-Mexico border as kidnappings. I end by offering suggestions for how U.S. and Mexican lawyers can work together to apply international human rights frameworks when conducting abuse documentation and support one another in bringing challenges against U.S. border externalization policies through Mexican courts and international fora.
Unraveling the core symptoms across distinct trajectories of problematic Internet use among 27,577 adolescents: cross-lagged panel network analyses
Authors: Huang Shuiqing , Ma Zijuan , fan fang
Published: December 2024

Problematic Internet use (PIU) often begins in adolescence and develops along diverse trajectories. Understanding the interaction between PIU symptoms and identifying the core PIU symptoms that drive distinct trajectories among adolescents are crucial. We employed cross-lagged panel network analysis to examine the temporal relationships of PIU symptoms among Chinese adolescents across four developmental trajectories over two time points. A total of 27,577 adolescents (Mean age = 13.8, SD = 1.5) participated in this study. Demographic variables and PIU symptoms were collected from December 17 to 26, 2021 (T1) and from May 17 to June 5, 2022 (T2). The symptom “Reluctant to stop” in the resilient group and “Uncontrollable checking” in the alleviating group at T1 were most predictive of remission of other symptoms at T2, while “Empty life” in the deteriorating group and “Feeling of missing” in the persistent dysfunction group were most strongly associated with the worsening of other PIU symptoms. Improving self-control over internet use is likely to promote healthy and beneficial Internet use among adolescents, while enhancing social connection and fostering exercise habits may help mitigate negative emotions and reduce the emergence of additional PIU symptoms among adolescents who have developed PIU.
Yes, I can! Exploring Predictors of Political Participation Profiles Among Greek Adolescents
Authors: Kehl Judith , Mayer Anna-Maria , Morales Karla , Güleç Yağmur , Brinke Lysanne te , Motti-Stefanidi Frosso , Pavlopoulos Vassilis
Published: December 2024

Understanding patterns of adolescent political participation is essential for healthy democracies. Drawing upon data from Greek youth (n=589, Mage=15.1), this study (1) identified distinct profiles of adolescent political participation, (2) examined predictors of profile membership, and (3) explored transitions between profiles across a one-year period. Latent profile analyses uncovered three profiles that differentiated between their level of engagement in both latent and manifest forms of political participation: “informed enthusiasts” (90%), “activists” (7%), and “involved conventionalists” (2%). Political efficacy, national identity commitment, and perceived ethnic discrimination were predictive of profile membership, while political alienation and national identity exploration and reconsideration were not. Our exploratory analyses revealed a stable profile membership across one year. Our findings highlight the multifaceted nature of youth political participation and underscore the need to broaden its understanding in research and policy.
Exploring the Application of GPT-Based Personality Externalization Support Tools in the Integration Treatment of Dissociative Disorders
Authors: zhuohanjiang
Published: December 2024

This study explores the application of Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) technology as a tool for personality externalization in the treatment of Dissociative Disorders (DD). Grounded in Freud’s theory of unconscious division, Klein’s object relations theory, and the Emotion Virus Model (EVM), this research proposes a theoretical framework and experimental design to evaluate GPT’s potential in enhancing emotional integration. The study outlines a hypothetical experimental framework involving GPT-assisted therapy, with detailed descriptions of risk management mechanisms and evaluation methodologies. While no participants were recruited, the findings emphasize GPT’s theoretical feasibility in supporting emotional regulation and integration. These insights lay the groundwork for future empirical validation and broader applications in both individual therapy and societal emotional governance.
The cultural-political category of Amefricanity
Authors: De Souza Lima Livia
Published: December 2024

In this original contribution published in 1988, Brazilian Black intellectual Lélia Gonzalez develops the concept of  Amefricanity  (amefricanidade) as a politically and culturally relevant category to address the material, historical, and symbolic realities of Afro-descendant and Indigenous peoples in the Americas.
WESTERN APPROACHES OF PRODUCING OF SOCIAL ADVERTISEMENT (COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF AMERICAN AND EUROPEAN SOCIAL ADVERTISEMENTS)
Authors: Soso Gazdeliani  , Nino Chalaganidze
Published: December 2024

Social advertisement is the prosocial project of the past century having its roots from the Northern America. For years social advertisement had been passing through gradual changes. Despite of the fact that forms and means of expression, qualitative data were changing, its prosocial assignment and “noble” mission considering taking care over society, touching of social problems, trying to develop definite ways and recommendations to overcome challenges still remained unchangeable Within the social advertisement a problem is accumulated with its whole vividness. As a rule, it reflects alternative prospects and suggests possible ways of overcoming of such challenges. Accordingly, using of the social advertisement, being an instrument of prosocial activism, to receive a better social landscape is a finely approbated method. Western experience of the social advertisement is a conductor of the long-termed history, particularly in case of USA where efficient steps in this direction are constantly made since the period of the Second World War. In the present work we applied a comparative approach which enabled us to compare European and American trends of producing of social advertisements and to see definite similarities and different, on the first hand, on the continental level, and on another hand, by using the Georgian practice. The civilized world constantly makes an effort of resolving of social problems and their considering for the best interests of the society. Among multiple means, the stated aim serves to the periodic screening of the social advertisement; thus, a role of the traditional media, and contemporary digital platforms in this direction is priceless. A target of the present work, from the viewpoint of American and European peculiarities of producing of the social advertisement, is to distinguish key trends. As for the tasks, we made some steps to reach the aim, - reviewed the practice of producing of American and European Social advertisements, distinguished key similarities and differences, and finally, compared them.
The impact of inventory control methods on the effectiveness of the AIC organization’s activities
Authors:   Ural State Agrarian University, Ekaterinburg, Russia, Zyryanova Tatyana V. , Manakova Elena V. ,   Ural Institute of Management – the branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Ekaterinburg, Russia
Published: December 2024

Inventories are a necessary asset for the continued operation of any enterprise, including agricultural. However, the lack of proper control over the safekeeping and proper use of stockpiles will prevent the effective management of assets. To ensure the safety of stocks, the owner needs to create conditions, such as the presence of certain warehouses, the installation of video surveillance, etc. The article considers four stages of control procedures, this would allow for consistent and logical inventory control. One of the most effective methods of actual control is inventory making. The basic rules of carrying out it are considered, as well as shortcomings connected with registration of results of inventory. Errors made by the responsible agents and officials of the organization in improperly recording inventory results can lead to serious financial losses and affect the efficiency of the organization. On the one hand, the deficits will not be recovered from the responsible persons, on the other, will distort the financial results and reduce the financial sustainability of the enterprise, i.e. increase the amount of income tax (ESHN). The legislator has established a clear regulation on the write-off of deficits, and, as the results of the study of judicial practice show, if it is not followed, the damage will have to be deducted from the financial results of the enterprise. At the same time, it will not be possible to avoid the tax risks associated with additional penalties. Additional penalties will be additional costs affecting the price of finished products. All this leads to reduced profitability of production and reduced attractiveness of the enterprise in terms of potential investors. Reduction of negative consequences will increase the efficiency of the enterprise and allow the owner to direct funds to the development of production.
Strategic management of enterprises in the field of mixed agriculture
Authors:   Ural State Economic University, Ekaterinburg, Russia, Kurdyumov Aleksander V.
Published: December 2024

The article examines the activities of the enterprise in the field of mixed agriculture at the level of strategic management. The object of the study was the company Agro-Clever LLC, specializing in the field of mixed agriculture. The subject of research is strategic management of an enterprise in the field of mixed agriculture. In order to analyze trends in the business environment, objectively assess the prospects of the enterprise, identify new opportunities and potential risks within the framework of this study, general scientific (analysis, synthesis, interpretation) and special (PEST analysis, factor analysis, coefficient analysis) methods were used. During the study, the main factors (political, economic, social and technological) affecting the outcome of the strategic management of the enterprise in the field of mixed agriculture were identified, such as the efficient use of resources, the development of innovation, risk management and the level of competitiveness. The identified shortcomings of the strategic position and strategic management of Agro-Clever LLC are characterized by both external and internal factors. Based on the analysis of the activities of Agro-Clever LLC, recommendations were developed to improve the strategic management system. Emphasis was placed on the need to constantly monitor and adjust the strategy in accordance with changes in the commodity market, as well as the introduction of technologies and the internal structure of the enterprise.
Methodological principles of regulation of economic behavior of rural population in conditions of structural changes
Authors:   Institute of Economics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russia, Semin Alexander N.
Published: December 2024

The agrarian sector of the economy has maintained its status as significant for ensuring macroeconomic stability of the national economy for several years. At the same time, external economic sanctions are imposed on the conditions of structural changes, causing imbalances in the system of economic relations. In the field of economic relations of the rural population, the study identified structural shifts that form the conditions for the implementation of the economic behavior of the rural population. These include: degradation of the personnel structure of the agro-industrial complex; refusal to run a personal subsidiary farm; digitalization of life and production; return of land to economic circulation. The reliability of the identified structural shifts (changes) is confirmed by statistical illustrations. The category of “meaning of life” served as the basis for considering the economic relations of the rural population. As a result, the following main strategies of economic behavior of the rural population were identified: the meaning of life is life in the village; the meaning of life is to move to the city; live in the village, work in the city. Based on this socio-categorical approach, a conceptual scheme of the model for the formation of economic behavior of the rural population was developed. Based on the content of the scheme, the main directions of regulation of the economic behavior of the rural population are identified: sociological (individual-psychological), social-psychological, economic, institutional. The main result of the study was the development of methodological principles for regulating the economic behavior of the rural population in the context of structural changes. These include the principles of trust, cooperative, scientific validity, social justice, equivalence, ecosystem.
The Influence of the East India Company on the Relationship Between the Fine Ceramic Art of Spain and England
Authors: Dietochka Olha
Published: December 2024

The article highlights the circumstances of the establishment and development of the stylistics of fine ceramic art in Spain and England. It was found that the trade activities of the East India Company played the primary role in the mutual enrichment of the porcelain and faience culture of Spain and England. Starting from the 17th century, the company, under the jurisdiction of England, established a continuous supply of ceramics from East to West, and later mutual trade between England and Spain.
Such manufacturers in Spain as the Alcora Manufactory, the Buen Retiro Porcelain Factory, and the La Cartuja-Pickman Ceramics Factory testify to the close relationship between the countries. The products of these manufacturers appealed to the works of the leading Western art centers of the 17th–18th centuries, mostly Italian and English, in terms of mass production technology and the nature of decoration. The forms of Alcor tableware from the 1770s, the Buen Retiro tea and coffee sets from the second half of the 18th century, the motifs of paintings by La CartujaPickman from the 1840s, and the interior decoration of one of the rooms in the building of San Lorenzo Del Escorial in Madrid with Wedgwood style tiles. In addition, the reverse effect is also determined. In particular, in the 1850s, the British actively imported glazed pottery from the coast of Spain and used Spanish subjects in paintings (Henshall, Williamson & Co.).
The methodology of the study is based on the art analysis of the works of Spanish and British manufactures of the first half of the 18th and early 19th centuries. Axiological, historical, chronological, comparative and cultural methods are applied, which allow to reveal more deeply the relationship between the art of “white gold” of Spain and England. In addition, a cross-cultural analysis was used to compare and distinguish the borrowed and original features of shaping and decorating the porcelain and faience of Spain and England.
Assessment of Al Qur’an Reading and Writing Program for Islamic Character Development in Higher Education
Authors: Baharuddin Baharuddin , Nurhayati Sri , Azzaoui Boubker , Qolamani Khalid Ilias Basheer
Published: December 2024

This research critically assesses the efficacy of the Al Qur’an Reading and Writing Pogram at Universitas X, with a specific focus on its contribution to Islamic character development in the realm of higher education. The study employs a cross-sectional survey methodology to collate a broad spectrum of perspectives from students, lecturers, and university administrators. Data collection encompasses both quantitative and qualitative approaches: quantitative assessments are executed through a 5-point Likert scale, measuring levels of agreement regarding various facets of the Al Qur’an Reading and Writing Program, while qualitative insights are procured via open-ended questions, facilitating more comprehensive responses. The findings reveal a strong consensus among respondents on the pivotal role of the Al Qur’an Reading and Writing Program. There is a marked emphasis on the necessity for enhancements in program scheduling, content quality, and the expansion of its scope to more inclusively encompass the entire university community. Furthermore, the study identifies critical needs for improved governance, elevation in educator standards, and the streamlining of administrative processes, particularly in relation to certification. These results offer a detailed understanding of the Al Qur’an Reading and Writing Program's impact and underscore the need for strategic improvements. By doing so, the study contributes valuable insights to the discourse on Islamic character development in higher education.
Digital Innovations in Convection Entrepreneurship Education Program for Youth Life Skills Development
Authors: Nurhayati Sri , Hermawan Dadang , Boriboon Gumpanat
Published: December 2024

The integration of digital innovations in education is crucial for enhancing teaching methodologies and improving student outcomes. In entrepreneurship education, digital tools can significantly enrich the learning experience by offering interactive and flexible environments. This research explores the implementation of digital innovations in the entrepreneurship education program at PKBM Saudara Sejiwa Bandung, identifies the challenges and opportunities, and examines the impact on participants' life skills and business development.  The study employed a case study approach, utilizing interviews with program participants, instructors, and managers. Data were collected on the use of digital tools, engagement with e-learning platforms, and the development of digital skills and business competencies. The data collected from interviews, observations, and documents were analyzed using thematic analysis. The research main findings are The use of WhatsApp facilitated communication and instruction, but digital design software and e-learning platforms were underutilized. Challenges included limited digital literacy, inconsistent internet access, and low e-learning engagement. However, opportunities such as increased confidence in digital tool usage, product innovation with DTF printing, and potential for e-commerce training were identified. Participants showed improved digital skills and confidence, with optimism for future business growth. The study highlights the need for enhanced digital infrastructure, comprehensive digital literacy training, and robust e-commerce support.
Comparison of the responses of a nonlinear oscillator to the worst-case disturbance consisting of two instantaneous impacts and the worst-case rectangular pulse disturbance
Authors: Korneev V. A.
Published: December 2024

An oscillator with quadratic-law damping subjected to two successive instantaneous impacts is considered; the impacts have the same directions and their total impulse is given. The worst-case disturbance that maximizes the peak absolute value of the displacement of the oscillator’s body from the equilibrium position (taken as a performance index) is sought. The parameters of the two-impact disturbance that provides a maximum for the performance index are determined. A comparison of the worst-case two-impact disturbance with the worst-case rectangular pulse disturbance in terms of the value of the performance index is performed; both disturbances have the same impulse. It is shown that the worst-case rectangular pulse provides a larger value for the peak absolute value of the displacement of the oscillator than the two-impact disturbance does.
Microstructure in Radio Emission of the Pulsar B1133+16 at a Frequency of 111 MHz
Authors: Popov M. V.
Published: December 2024

This study is based on observations of the pulsar B1133+16 conducted on the BSA PRAO antenna array at a frequency of 111 MHz with continuous recording of undetected signal (voltage) in the 2.5 MHz band, providing time resolution 0.2 microseconds. From 30 observing sessions, 570 strong pulses were selected for the subsequent analysis of microstructure parameters. The analysis was performed by computing autocorrelation functions separately for the three components of the mean profile: two extreme main components I and II and for the central weak component S in the profile saddle. For the component S microstructure analysis was performed for the first time. Distributions have been constructed by the following parameters: time scales τµ, modulation depth mµ, and the parameter d, which characterizes the shape of the micropulses. Noticeable differences were found in some parameters for different profile components. The discovered features were interpreted in the model of hollow cone with a central component. It was believed that the radio emission of the extreme components (I and II) is generated by ordinary mode O, and the radio emission of the central component is provided by extraordinary mode X. Under this interpretation the radio emission output heights above the polar cap, were estimated to be 45 and 280 km for the X and O modes, respectively. A noticeable deformation of the X mode emission cone relative to the central component S was mentioned. Considerations are presented that point to the spatial structure of the secondary plasma flow, elongated along the meridians of the magnetic field.
Determination of Parameters of the Gravity Field of the Earth by Gradiometric Measurements in an Earth-Fixed Reference Frame
Authors: Klyuykov A. A.
Published: December 2024

The article presents the results of determining the parameters of the Earth’s gravitational field from gradiometric measurements in the geocentric terrestrial coordinate system. The calculations were performed using the regularization method, according to which a regularization matrix multiplied by the regularization parameter is added to the matrix of normal equations. As a result of calculations for various regularization parameters, corrections to harmonic coefficients of degree and order 200 and 201 were obtained, presented in the article in the form of graphs. Based on the corrections obtained, the power-law variances presented in Tables 1 and 2 are calculated.
Orogenic gold deposits of the Northern Transbaikalia (Russia): geology, age, sources and genesis
Authors: Chugaev А. V.
Published: December 2024

The results of long-term geochronological and isotope-geochemical studies of mesothermal gold deposits of orogenic type in the world’s largest Lena metallogenic province are summarized, and the evaluation of existing conceptions of their genesis is given. On the basis of geochronological data the presence of three ore-forming events manifested in the region in the Paleozoic time is proved. The early Late Ordovician-Early Silurian (450-430 Ma) event is associated with large-scale vein-embedded gold-sulfide mineralization in Neoproterozoic carbonaceous terrigenous-carbonate rocks of the Baikal-Patom fold belt (BPB). In terms of time, ore formation coincides with the development of metamorphic processes in the region. The reactivation of hydrothermal action in the BPP, which led to the formation of vein gold-quartz mineralization, occurred in the Middle Carboniferous (340-330 Ma) and was produced by post-collisional granitoid magmatism. The most recent ore-forming event occurred in the Early Permian (290-280 Ma) and was manifested exclusively in the Precambrian structures of the Baikal-Muya fold belt (BMP). It was synchronous with the development of intraplate alkaline and subalkaline magmatism in the region.
Isotopic-geochemical data (87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, Pb-Pb, and δ34S) indicate that the mesothermal ore-forming systems of the Northern Transbaikalia were heterogeneous in their isotopic characteristics, which distinguishes them from ore-magmatic (intrusion related type) systems. Comparison of Sr, Nd and Pb isotopic composition of ores and rocks of the region, including magmatic rocks of the same age as gold mineralization, proves the leading role of the Precambrian continental crust in the supply of mineral-forming components to the hydrothermal systems of gold deposits. The contribution of the magmatic source of matter in the genesis of orogenic gold mineralization was limited and is established only for the Early Permian ore-forming systems of the BMP, for which the input of metals from alkaline melts of basite composition is assumed.
Late Cretaceous Okhotsk-Penzhina-Anadyr Small Oceanic Basin (Northeast Eurasia): Geological Evidence and Geodynamic Evolution
Authors: Chekhovich V. D. , Palandzhyan S. A.
Published: December 2024

The modern structure of the Eurasian Margin combines supra-subduction Upper Cretaceous volcanogenic formations – the marginal continental Okhotsk-Chukchi volcanogenic belt and the accreted Nemuro‒Olyutor intra-oceanic arc formed during the subduction of the oceanic crust of the Pacific. We consider the formation of the Okhotsk-Chukchi volcanic belt, separated by the Nemuro-Olyutor intraoceanic arc from the Pacific, in the conditions of a paleo-oceanic basin that existed for ~20 Ma. As a result of the conducted paleo-geodynamic analysis, it was found that in the Late Cretaceous in northeastern Eurasia, between the Eurasian continent and the tectonic blocks of the Sea of Okhotsk, Western Kamchatka, and Northern Koryak located to the south and southeast of it, a small oceanic basin of the pull-apart type developed in the conditions of transtension, which can be called the Okhotsk‒Penzhina‒Anadyr. This basin was formed as a result of a major strike slip fault when terranes tectonic escaped out of the eastern part of the closing Mongol‒Okhotsk Ocean. The progressive opening of the Okhotsk‒Penzhina‒Anadyr spreading basin subducted from the southwest to the northeast under the Eurasian continent, which caused a corresponding delay in the onset of supra-subduction volcanism in the Okhotsk‒Chukchi Belt. The geodynamic evolution of the southwestern and northeastern parts of the Okhotsk‒Penzhina‒Anadyr basin differed in that the Iruney (West Kamchatka) island arc arose and developed in the southwestern part of it, earlier in time of formation, near the West Kamchatka continental block. In the northeast, the arc was bounded by a transform fault that stretched to the southeast, delimiting not only the Kamchatka terrane from the North Koryak and Uchkhichkhil, but also the Valaginsky (East Kamchatka) and Olyutor intra-oceanic island arcs. In the Cenozoic stage of development, this fault was transformed into the Palano‒Ozernovskaya trans-litospheric zone, which is the boundary between the accreted Olyutor and East Kamchatka terranes of the Nemuro-Olyutor island arc system. A geodynamic model of the pre-arc, the Alb‒Turonian stage of intra-oceanic subduction, which lasted until the beginning of the formation of the early Nemuro arc in the coniacian, was applied the Olyutor island arc system. The duration of the pre-arc stage of intra-oceanic subduction corresponds to the time of the same stage of the geodynamic evolution of Izu‒Bonin‒Mariana Island arc system. This allows us to confirm the expansion of Pacific since the Albian time due to subduction in Nemuro‒Olyutor island-arc system.