bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Secondary radial neuropathy after closed intramedullary nailing of humeral shaft fractures. Results over a 10-year period
Authors: Ulstrup Anton
Published: November 2021

Background. Retrospective study to examine secondary radial nerve palsy after humeral shaft fixation with closed locked intramedullary nailing. Materials and methods. Patients were identified from the hospitals’ registration systems for humeral shaft fractures, nerve lesions, plating, nailing and external fixation during a 10-year period from January 2007 to December 2016. All radial nerve lesions were registered and followed-up in patient files. Results. 89 patients with locked intramedullary nailing were available for an outpatient follow-up. Mean age was 67 years at the time of injury. 72 fractures were non-pathological. Of these, 31 were nonunions. 28, 61 and zero were identified in the proximal, middle and distal thirds of the humeral shaft respectively. 76 procedures were closed and 13 were with open reduction. Six radial nerves had nerve exploration. Eight patients developed immediate postoperative radial nerve palsies. Of these, six developed after closed surgery, two after nerve exploration. Of seven available patients with a radial nerve palsy, six of these remitted. Two patients were later surgically explored. One patient out of 89 sustained a verifiable permanent radial nerve paralysis. Conclusions. In this study, the risk of a radial nerve palsy was 7.9 % with closed locked intramedullary nailing. This study suggests that exploration of the radial nerve is not necessary routinely in order to prevent radial nerve lesions when performing closed intramedullary nailing for humeral shaft fractures in adults with a preoperative normal radial nerve function.

Level of Evidence : Level IV.
Antidiabetes effect of Noni Fruit (Morinda citrifolia L.) on mice with Oral Glucose Tolerance Method and Streptozotocin Induction Method
Authors: Lolok Nikeherpianti , I. Sahidin , Sumiwi Sri Adi , Muhtadi Ahmad
Published: November 2021

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a problem that deserves attention because of its increasing prevalence every year. The prevalence of DM based on WHO in 2030 is predicted to reach 366 patients. Epidemiologically, it is estimated that in 2030 the prevalence of DM in Indonesia reaches 21.3 million people. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of glycosides from noni fruit on reducing blood sugar levels in normal rats induced by diabetes by the method of glucose tolerance and induction of streptozotocin (STZ). Antidiabetic effect testing was divided into 8 groups namely 4 groups for oral glucose tolerance test in male mice (positive control group, negative control group, glycoside control group, and normal group), 4 other groups for testing with STZ induction (positive control group, positive control group, negative control, glycoside control group, and normal group). Oral glucose tolerance test results on normal mice showed that glycosides from noni fruit (Morinda citrifolia L.) gave significantly different results with negative controls at minute 30 is 0.036 (p <0.05) and were not significantly different from positive controls (0.462) subsequently at 120 minutes the results showed that the glycoside group was significantly different from the negative group (0.028) and not significantly different from the positive group (0.261). Tests with STZ induction method showed that the decrease in the level of blood sugar induced by the glycoside group was not significantly different (p> 0.05) with the positive group on day 1 (0.056), day 3 (0.168), and day 7(0.141) so that it could be concluded that the glycosides from Noni fruit with a dose of 150mg/kg body weight provides antidiabetic activity.
Evaluation of Solvent Extraction Process for Asparagus racemosus Root Extract through the Determination of its Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity Assay
Authors: Bhalodiya Monika D. , Chavda Jayant R. , Patel Nilesh K , Patel Ajay I. , Manek Ravi A.
Published: November 2021

This study is aimed to evaluate extraction capacity of different solvents through determining total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, total saponin content, and an antioxidant assay of different solvent extracts (toluene, dichloromethane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol, methanol, water, 60% aqueous methanol, 60% aqueous ethanol and 60% aqueous acetone) of Asparagus racemosus (A. racemosus) root. The 60% aqueous methanol shows the highest extracting yield, in contrast, toluene shows the lowest yield. Highest total phenolic content (220.8±0.74mg GAE/g), total flavonoid content (219.3±0.64mg QCE/g), total tannin content (108.4±0.88mg GAE/g) were found from acetone extract. The methanol extract showed the highest saponin content (579.4±2.85mg ESE/g). Antioxidant potential determines by using various in vitro methodologies such as DPPH, FRAP, and ABTS assay. The lowest IC50 value was found in acetone extract and thus it exhibited the highest antioxidant activity. The highest correlation was found between phenolic content and the antioxidant assay. It seems that phenolic contents are responsible for free radicle scavenging activity. From the observation, it concluded that acetone extract rich with polyphenolic content and methanol extract shows the highest amount of saponin content.
In-silico Molecular Docking of Coumarin and Naphthalene Derivatives from Pyrenacantha volubilis with the Pathological Mediators of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: P Anjali , R Vimalavathini
Published: November 2021

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease which mainly targets synovial membrane during its disease pathogenesis. Available therapeutic drugs for the treatment of RA provide only symptomatic relief and are associated with severe side effects. Herbal plants comprise many active biological compounds that cure the disease with minimal adverse effects. Pyrenacantha volubilis is a climber and member of Icacinaceae family. Gas chromatography- mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of ethanolic extracts of leaves of Pyrenacantha volubilis (EEPV) reveals the presence of 2-isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexyl 3-(1-(4- chlorophenyl)-3-oxobutyl)-coumarin-4-yl carbonate and 1-naphthalenepropanol, alpha-ethyldecahydro-5- (hydroxymethyl)-alpha,5,8A-trimethyl-2-methyl phytoconstitutents. Hence these compounds were docked with various pathological mediators of RA using Autodock 4.2. The docking results unveils that these compounds had better binding energy against inflammatory, oxidative stress and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) mediators that plays a pivotal role in the progression of RA. However, this study warrants further in- vitro and in-vivo studies to be carried out to establish the anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activity of selected phytoconstitutents.
Effect of Orally-administration Niclosamide on serum level of VCAM-1 and E-selectin in Collagen induced arthritis: Experimental study
Authors: Mahmood Ahmed Salim , Al-Gareeb Ali Ismail , Gorial Faiq Isho
Published: November 2021

Soluble adhesion molecules (mainly VCAM-1 and E-selectin) have a vital role in the pathogenesis of the rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and consider as angiogenic mediators for this disease. The main goal for this research is to evaluate the efficacy of orally administer niclosamide (NCS) in prevention the angiogenic mediators (VCAM-1 and E-selectin) using collagen induced arthritis model in rats (CIA). Fifty male Spraque-Dawley rats underwent collagen induced arthritis (CIA) model. When arthritis was fully developed, the rats were either treated orally with low-dose (50mg/kg) NCS or high-dose (100mg/kg) NCS or treated intrapertonially (IP) with 30mg/kg NCS or leave without treatment for 4 weeks. Body weight measurement and arthritis index were monitor before and after treatment in all groups. At the end of the treatment period serum level of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), E-selectin and TNFα were measured together with collection of articular synovial tissue to evaluate the pathological changes. The experiment showed that NCS significantly reduce the arthritis index, foot pad thickness and ankle swelling (p value < 0.05) when given orally in a high dose and IP to the experimental animal. Comparing to the CIA model group, significant reduction in the serum level of VCAM1 and E-selectin has been observed in those rats treated with high dose of oral NCS or IP injection of NCS (p value < 0.05). Niclosamide can effectively decrease, in dose dependent manner, the clinical scores, joint swelling, VCAM1, E-selectin and pathological changes in arthritic rats induced by collagen type II.
Development of the method for determining Methandienone in Toxicology and doping-analysis
Authors: Sych Igor V. , Bevz Olena V. , Sych Irina A. , Shaposhnyk Anhelina M. , Zarubina Maryna V. , Kryvanych Olga V. , Bereznyakova Natalia L. , Taran Svitlana G. , Perekhoda Lina O.
Published: November 2021

Anabolic-androgenic steroids are ones of the most frequently detected drugs in amateur and professional sports. Doping control laboratories have developed numerous assays enabling the determination of administered drugs. However, it is relevant today to improve detection methods that are accurate, fast and require small amounts of reagents. The identification and quantification of methandienone from body fluids has been insufficiently developed. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method for the determination of methandienone traces in body fluids was developed and validated in the toxicology laboratory in order to control a non-medical use of an anabolic steroid-methandienone. Extracting procedures were optimized in order to obtain entire amount of the drug and methandienone and its metabolites were determined by sensitive and specific reactions for the compound identification, as well as the system for carrying out the TLC method have been proposed, and conditions for identifying a test sample from the biomaterial by IR spectrophotometry have been selected. The GC-MS method is found to be simple, fast, sensitive, and the strategy proposed can be effortlessly and advantageously applied for the routine analysis of biological fluids for determining methandienone and its metabolites at a level less than 30 ng in toxicology and doping-analysis.
In vitro Anti-oxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activity of the Aqueous and Ethanol Leaf Extracts of Clerodendrum phlomidis Linn. F.
Authors: R Krishnaveni , S. Rajan
Published: November 2021

Clerodendrum phlomid is was a common shrub of arid plains, low hills, and tropical deserts. It belongs to the family Verbenaceae. Many species of this genus have been documented in traditional system of medicine in India. The roots of the plant have been extensively studied in Ayurveda but in folk and traditional medicine, it is the leaf that finds more application in alleviating many diseases. Oxidation byproducts of metabolism was responsible for many pathophysiological conditions. Anti-oxidants are molecules that quench the free radicals. The present study aims at evaluating the in-vitro anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of the aqueous and ethanol leaf extract of Clerodendrum phlomidis. The anti-oxidant activity was evaluated by three in vitro models, namely the DPPH radical scavenging activity, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity and NO radical scavenging activity. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by the RBC membrane Inhibition method. The aqueous extract was found to have better anti- oxidant activity than the ethanol extract in DPPH and NO radical scavenging activity. The RBC membrane inhibition method clearly states that the aqueous leaf extract of Clerodendrum phlomidis was found to have a comparatively an effective anti-inflammatory activity than ethanol extract.
Dietary Preference does not affect Salivary Total Antioxidant Capacity of Group of young and Middle-aged Adults in South India –
An In-Vitro Analysis
Authors: Ramamurthy Shanmugapriya , Johnson Merryl , Ulaganathan Arunmozhi , J Muruganandhan , Varghese Sheeja , Sudarsan Sabitha
Published: November 2021

Background: Oxidative stress is a pathological state resulting from excess free radical activity in the body. Studies show associations between oxidative stress and cancer. The saliva has anti-oxidant mechanisms that may play a role in preventing/fighting oral cancer. There is public health interest in determining dietary influences on salivary antioxidant capacity. Materials and method: Age and sex-matched participants were selected based on eligibility criteria after informed consent. A diet questionnaire and chart was administered to determine dietary preferences. They were then divided into two groups – vegetarian and non-vegetarian. Total salivary antioxidant capacity of unstimulated saliva samples was analyzed using spectrophotometry and compared between the two groups. Results and inference: 30 participants selected were categorized in two groups included in the study. Statistical analysis of the spectrophotometric findings indicated that there were no significant differences between the groups. Conclusion: Total salivary antioxidant capacity did not significantly differ between vegetarians and non-vegetarians. Therefore, the implication may be that, either the type of diet may not influence antioxidant capacity of saliva, or the effect of diet may not reflect in the salivary antioxidant capacity.
Kinetics Solvent Effect and Mechanism of Hydrolysis of Ethyl Caprylate Ester in Aqueous Organic Solvent Media
Authors: Singh A. K.
Published: November 2021

The specific rate constant of ethyl caprylate in alkali catalised hydrolysis in water-acetone mixture covering range of 30 to 70% (v/v) of acetone has been determined at temperature 20 to 400c. The rate of reaction decreases with increase in percentage of Acetone from 30 to 70% (v/v). The observed Activation energy decreases progressively with increase in acetone content of the medium. The effect of molar concentration of water and Dielectric constant on the reaction kinetic has also been studied. The thermodynamic parameters (DG*, DH* and DS*) has been determined which showed strong dependency on solvent composition.
دور التخطيط الإستراتيجي في تطوير القدرات الإنتاجية بالتطبيق على إستزراع الأسماك بالسُّودان 1992 -2011م
Authors: ميرغنى يوسف أحمد د. فتحي
Published: November 2021

هدف البحث إلى التعرف على دور التخطيط  الاستراتيجي للاستزراع السمكى فى السودان من خلال دراسة التخطيط الإستراتيجي والتعرف على واقع الاستزراع السمكى ودراسة العلاقة بين التخطيط الاستراتيجي وتطوير القدرات الإنتاجية للاستزراع السمكى، والخطط التنفيذية، والسياسات والتشريعات فى مجال الاستزراع السمكى فى السودان. ومن أجل تحقيق هذه الأهداف تم وضع عدد من الفروض التى تم إختبارها من خلال البيانات الأولية. بعد ذلك تم اختيارها باستخدام الإستبانات التي تم توزيعها على عدد 405 فرداً. تم استخدام عدد من الأدوات الإحصائية لتحليل وتفسير عبارات الإستبانة في كل محاورها، ومن ثم توصل الباحث إلى عدد من النتائج منها:

وضع تخطيط إستراتيجي شامل للإستزراع السمكى.

إتباع أنظمة التخطيط الإستراتيجي.

العلاقة بين التخطيط الإستراتيجي ومستوى أداء إدارة الاستزراع السمكي.

إشراك العاملين في فريق عمل واحد في وضع خطط الإستراتيجية في وزارة الثروة الحيوانية والسمكية والمراعي الاتحادية.

  وقد اختتم البحث بعدد من التوصيات منها:

وضع إستراتيجية قومية شاملة للاستزراع السمكى واستزراع الأصداف بالسودان.

تجديد التشريعات والقوانين المنظمة لنشاط الأسماك ليشمل الاستزراع السمكى.

إنشاء مزارع سمكية ذات سمات متعددة (بحثية، إنتاجية، إيضاحية) ؛ لأغراض البحوث التطبيقية (بيولوجية، فنية، اقتصادية) وللتدريب التطبيقي للكوادر الفنية.
انفرادات البزي عن ابن كثير من خلال الشاطبية
Authors: علي الأمين د.إدريس
Published: November 2021

This research aims at studying Al-Bizzi Quranic recitation, which is different from those of Ibn Khatheer, according to Al-Shatebia. The differences are in the pauses, linkage, annexation, and doubling.

       Al-Bizzi recitation is very useful, it preserves for us one of the prophet’s (PBUH) recitations, corresponding with the ottoman Scripture and the traditional Arabic language. The researcher has traced Al. Bizzi recitation in both the first and the second half of the Holy Quran, The researcher has followed a firm scientific methodology based on descriptive analysis and figuring out the facts according to the reliable sources. Thus, he could investigate Al. Bizzi,s  breaking up with the previous reciters. The research includes three sections, The first is devoted to Al. Bizzi biography.The results

of the research confirmed the importance of Al. Bizzi recitations’ that don’t agree with his predecessors in the science of recitation.
العنف السياسي لدى الفرق الباطنية في العصر العباسي الثاني 232-656هـ / 847-1258م
Authors: عباس يوسف د.نور الدين
Published: November 2021

The issue of the Caliphate is one of the most controversial topics that Muslims struggled with, since the establishment of an Islamic state, which the prophet (PBUH) initiated its foundations. The strife increased during the Caliph Imam Ali Bin Abi Talib and his conflict with Umayyden that ended with Umayyden victory, which led to the emerging of parties and sects that multiplied in numbers. After non- Arabs nationals joined Isla Umayyad faces Shi’ah, Khawarij, and other parties roughly. That led them to convert their activities in far places till the establishment at Abbassid state which raised the slogan Call to, Alal-Bayt, Abbasid ruled the state alone without their cousins Alawites. This led to more confrontations and divisions, In the late Abbasid era, power and sultan transferred to non- Arab. Many regions were recessed from Baghdad. The activities of the opposing groups increased vividly, some raised slogan of the Call for Al al- Bayt to achieve their goals. Some raised call for social justice and equality to attract common people. They all involved in violence and terrorism.
The Linking Between the Emerging Market Economy and Human Character in Volpone of Ben Jonson
Authors: YAŞ Emin
Published: November 2021

Social developments/events of three different periods (Elizabethan Period (1558-1603), Jacobean Period (1603-1625) and Caroline Period (1625-1649) might have had great impact on Ben Jonson’s writing the play Volpone. In this qualitative study (conducted with literature research on the topic), Volpone through which he best reflected his corrupted society at that time will be examined. The play will be analysed to illuminate the native features related to the market economy. The economic sight based on commodity has such a great power in changing the characters of the people, losing their morals because of their greed towards the power and wealth during the mentioned period. Another point to be discussed is to reckon whether Ben Jonson as a Dramatist had contrary opinions against the developing capitalist world. In the study, it has been found that the play of Volpone (the fox) depicts one of the best evidence how the characters can be changed through materialism. As a main character, he is a wealthy Venetian nobleman and exceptionally cunning, who devises a plan (pretending to die) with the assistance of his henchman (Mosca/ fly) to exploit his relatives waiting to be an heir of him. The play shows how his relatives flatter him and give him the most expensive gifts. He deceives each of them at the end. The play draws attention to the materialistic power of the 16th century.
An Evaluation On The Effect Of Sultan Vahideddin On The Leaving Of Mustafa Kemal Pasha To Anatolia
Authors: KÖYLÜ Murat
Published: November 2021

Although Mustafa Kemal tried to explain various possible solutions by meeting with the Sultan Vahideddin on various occasions over time, he had found a will less and desperate sultan. There was no leader capable of planning and implementing a great organization that could save the country from invasion. However, Mustafa Kemal knew the enemy very well. He knew very well that this enemy, which he was defeated in Gallipoli, would destroy the Turkish Homeland no matter how much concessions were made. The solution could be nothing more than a total struggle with a handful of forces at hand, putting all its assets out. Because, according to Mustafa Kemal, "a nation was better be perish than live as a prisoner". While all these historical facts are obvious, the purpose of some historians insistently portraying Sultan Vahideddin as a hero Is Sultan Vahideddin a "traitor" who collaborated with the British during the armistice period and / or is it degenerate by simply asking for the continuation of his reign, as Mustafa Kemal Pasha said in Speech? Or is he a hero who started the War of Independence by assigning Mustafa Kemal Pasha to Anatolia? Purpose of the study; To evaluate the influence of Sultan Vahideddin on Mustafa Kemal Pasha's transition to Anatolia by examining the relations between Vahideddin and Mustafa Kemal Pasha since October 30, 1918.
Başa Çıkma, Savunma Mekanizmaları ve Nedensel Belirsizlik Arasındaki İlişkiler
Authors: ÖZEN AKIN Gaye , EKEN Furkan Onur , EBADİ Hüseyin
Published: November 2021

Bu çalışmada, bireylerin kullandıkları başa çıkma ve savunma mekanizmaları ile sosyal olayların neden sonuç ilişkilerini anlama yeteneklerine olan güvensizlikleri (nedensel belirsizlik) arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmaya katılan 300 kişiye (143 K, 157 E) Başa Çıkma Tutumlarını Değerlendirme Ölçeği (BÇTDÖ), Savunma Biçimleri Testi-40 (SBT-40) ve Nedensel Belirsizlik Ölçeği (NBÖ) uygulanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde Pearson korelasyon analizi ve çoklu doğrusal adımsal regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. NBÖ ile BÇTDÖ toplam puanı, BÇTDÖ-İşlevsel Olmayan Başa Çıkma (İOBÇ) alt boyut puanı; SBT-40 toplam puanı, İmmatür (İS) ve Nevrotik Savunmalar (NS) alt boyut puanları arasında pozitif yönde ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde ilişki olduğu bulunmuştur. Buna ek olarak bulgular, BÇTDÖ-İOBÇ alt boyutu puanlarından “inkâr” ve “davranışsal boş verme” ile Problem Odaklı Başa Çıkma alt boyutu puanlarından “geri durma”nın NBÖ puanlarını istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde yordadığını ve toplam varyansın %24’ünü açıkladığını göstermiştir. Diğer yandan SBT-40 İS alt boyutu puanlarından “pasif saldırganlık”, “değersizleştirme” ve “disosiyasyon” ile SBT-40 NS alt boyutu puanlarından “karşıt tepki geliştirme”nin ise NBÖ puanlarını istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde yordadığı ve toplam varyansın %12’sini açıkladığı tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, sosyal olayların neden sonuç ilişkilerini anlama yeteneğine olan güvensizlik (nedensel belirsizlik), başa çıkma tutumları açısından incelendiğinde, bu güvensizliği inkâr, davranışsal boş verme ve geri durma gibi stresörlerden uzaklaşan baş etme stratejilerinin yordadığı bulunmuştur. Bu güvensizliğin aynı zamanda pasif saldırganlık, değersizleştirme, disosiyasyon ve karşıt tepki geliştirme savunma mekanizmalarınca yordandığı belirlenmiştir.
Aplicação da metodologia DFMA para elaboração de um Projeto de Melhoria em Processo Produtivo
Authors: Formigoni Alexandre , Tallach Vandelei , Maiellaro João Roberto , Ribeiro Rosinei Batista , Simões Eliane Antonio , Peterossi Helena Gemignani , Piacente Fabricio José
Published: November 2021

A busca por melhoria contínua dos índices de produtividade demanda que as organizações estejam em constante análise e atualização dos seus processos produtivos. Com o advento da manufatura enxuta, muitas ferramentas foram desenvolvidas e colocadas à disposição dos pesquisadores e profissionais. Compreender o processo produtivo aliado ao domínio das ferramentas, proporciona melhores condições para elaborar um projeto de manufatura enxuta integrado ao projeto do produto. Para início da pesquisa, foi analisado o relatório mensal de produção, extraído automaticamente do sistema ERP da empresa estudada. Foi possível identificar e selecionar o produto com maior atraso de entrega, e iniciou-se a análise de todo o processo produtivo e movimentações de componentes por meio do uso do método Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DFMA), com o uso das ferramentas Value Stream Mapping (VSM), Estudo de tempos e movimentos e Análise do arranjo físico. A interpretação dos resultados obtidos possibilitou a elaboração de um projeto de manufatura enxuta compatível com os níveis de demanda e capacidade instalada, assegurando o cumprimento das demandas e redução gradativa dos atrasos, até sua completa eliminação após 2 meses. Incorporado aos ganhos, constatou-se aumento de 28% do índice de valor agregado ao processo produtivo. Os demais resultados obtidos com as ações propostas e implementadas, estão detalhados no corpo deste artigo, evidenciando que a implantação de uma metodologia adequada, suportada por ferramentas específicas podem alavancar a produtividade, tornando o processo enxuto e rentável.
Evaluation of Biomedical Imaging in Deep Neural Networks
Authors: K Karthikeyan
Published: November 2021

Whereas the historical background of medical field started in 1895 with Roentgen Wilhelm participating in the first x-rays photograph and proceeded through 1913 with the discovery of mammogram and 1927 with first cerebellar echocardiogram, advanced medicine tomography came into focus in the 1950s with the discovery of PET and ultrasonic image processing. The first computed tomography (CT) scanners was created by Hounsfield Godfrey and CoreMark Allanin 1972, while the first commercialized Magnet Resonance Imaging (MRI) scanners were produced by Raymond Dalmatian in 1977. The creation of general methods and terminology of digitized signal and image processing occurred in tandem with the growth of medical imaging technology in the 1970s and beyond, as well as the advent of digital processors. In an examination of biological applications and analysis in the era of big data and deep learning, this article analyzes background and phraseology: Pattern Classification, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Big Data.
A Review of Tools Applied in Processing of Medical Images
Authors: Haldorai Anandakumar , Anandakumar Shrinand
Published: November 2021

The segmentation step of therapy treatment includes a detailed examination of medical imaging. In diagnosis, clinical research, and patient management, medical pictures are mainly utilized as radiographic methods. Image processing software for medical imaging is also crucial. It is possible to improve and speed up the analysis of a medical picture using a bioMIP technique. This article presents a biomedical imaging software tool that aims to provide a similar level of programmability while investigating pipelined processor solutions. These tools mimic entire systems made up of many of the recommended processing segment within the setups categorized by the schematic framework. In this paper, 15 biomedical imaging technologies will be evaluated on a number of different levels. The comparison's primary goal is to collect and analyze data in order to suggest which medical image program should be used when analyzing various kinds of imaging to users of various operating systems. The article included a result table that was reviewed.
The Classification of Patient Semantical Records and Medical Images
Authors: Dong Wang Yue , Na Wang
Published: November 2021

In order to alleviate suffering and pain, clinical diagnosis and therapy are critical. Medical photographs play an important role in diagnosing disorders and tracking treatment outcomes. Images have visual and semantic qualities. Texture are essential parameters, whereas form and spatial connection are geometrical elements. The meaning of a picture in an abstract representation based on phrases or informative text is known as semantic characteristics. Both qualities are used in medical diagnostics to extract properties at the micro- and macro-levels, such as distinguishing cancerous cells from standard ones. Extracting characteristics may be done in a number of ways. Computational and numerical modifications are used in these techniques. Following the extraction of the characteristics, classifications based on expertise and domain norms commence. The normalcy or irregularity of a particular picture might be used to make medical judgments. In this paper, we propose using artificial intelligence and data mining approaches to extract and categorize features for a decision - making support system that includes a comprehensive database of client semantic and syntactic records and photographs.
Formulation and evaluation of proniosome loaded sertaconazole nitrate for topical application
Authors: Shailaja D  , Latha K  , Manasa D  , Shirisha A  , Padmavathi R  , Naseeb Basha Shaik  , Shailaja T
Published: November 2021

Proniosomal technology is a novel solution for poorly soluble drugs. Proniosomes are water-soluble carrier particles which are coated with non-ionic surfactants. Proniosomal gels were prepared by coacervation phase separation method using non-ionic surfactants, lipid carriers and cholesterol as a membrane stabilizer. FTIR compatibility studies revealed that the drug and excipients were compatible. All formulations were evaluated for pH, drug content, extrudability, spreadability, viscosity, in-vitro, ex-vivo, skin irritation and stability studies. Among formulations prepared, F80H1 has shown higher % EE (83.02) and least diffusion through dialysis membrane i.e., 17.68%. With ex-vivo studies, F80H1 formulation has shown highest skin deposition and lower flux of sertaconazole nitrate through the rat skin. F80H1 was selected as final optimized formulation. F80H1 exhibited good stability and SEM studies revealed that the vesicles were spherical in shape. The optimized formulation was found to follow zero order release kinetics and korsmeyer-peppas release mechanism. F80H1 found to be non-irritant and stable from skin irritation and stability studies.
The discourse of political parties of the Republic of Moldova on migration and diaspora
Authors:   Institute of Legal, Political and Sociological Research, Republic of Moldova, Moraru Victor , Deleu Ecaterina ,   Institute of Legal, Political and Sociological Research, Republic of Moldova
Published: November 2021

The discourse of the political parties of the Republic of Moldova passed through multiple transformations over the years. Issues on migration and diaspora were promoted especially during election periods. The political authorities focused, in the dialogue with diaspora, on issues related to political participation, ensuring the right to vote, organizing a larger number of polling stations abroad. The discourse of the parties, more rhetorical, was reoriented from the issue of migration to the representatives of the diaspora and the formed communities. During election periods this interest increases in intensity, becomes more active and more constant. According to the election results, the attitude of the parties towards the diaspora also changes. Several parties have developed strategies to involve diaspora representatives in political activity and have tried to build a more or less constant dialogue.
Post-election political government partnerships in the Republic of Moldova: between desiderates and realities
Authors:   Institute of Legal, Political and Sociological Research, Republic of Moldova, Varzari Pantelimon
Published: November 2021

The article examines some topics regarding the establishment, functionality and viability of the twelve governing coalitions that alternated in the Republic of Moldova in 1994– 2020. Particular attention is paid to the issue of forming a governing post-election parliamentary majority, based on political reason and substantial procedural consensus. The latter presupposes agreement on a set of procedures when taking decisions of common interest. It is concluded that the convergence of elites (coalition, alliance, partnership and other political collaboration arrangements for respecting the democratic political game) is a way of working of political elites and involves, in fact, a substantial transformation of unconsolidated democracy into a functioning, consolidated democracy.
Political events of 2020 in view of the population of the Republic of Moldova
Authors:   Institute of Legal, Political and Sociological Research, Republic of Moldova, Mocanu Victor , Mocanu Ion ,   Institute of Legal, Political and Sociological Research, Republic of Moldova
Published: November 2021

In this article, the authors investigate the attitude of the population of the Republic of Moldova towards the main events of 2020, which was a difcult one for both humanity and Moldovan society. Wanting to identify the problems faced by citizens and to establish the main events of 2020, we conducted a sociological study dedicated to researching social factors impacting the electoral behavior of citizens and the interdependence of economic, political and social processes in the country. The research established the most important socio-political events of the year, as well as a set of conclusions and recommendations.
Perception of civil servants regarding the professional performance assessment process in the Republic of Moldova
Authors:   Academy of Public Administration, Republic of Moldova, Varzari Ana
Published: November 2021

This article includes an empirical research of the process of evaluating the performance in the public service of the Republic of Moldova, in the perception of civil servants. The importance of the quality of human resources and personnel policy in the public administration and the role of performance evaluation in order to streamline public administration were highlighted. In order to have a better understanding of the impact of performance appraisal of civil servants on the administration process in the Republic of Moldova, a study was conducted by collecting empirical data. Empirical research illustrates the state of affairs in this segment of the competitive labor market. The application of sociological research methods, techniques, procedures and tools provided the opportunity to study the perception of civil servants on the performance evaluation process in the Republic of Moldova.
Afghanistan Islamic Republic -threat to regional security
Authors:   Moldova State University, Cebotari Svetlana
Published: November 2021

Modern Eurasia, forming the basis of international security, plays a balancing role in world processes. When analyzing the security features of Central Asia in the Eurasian relations system, account should be taken of the situation in Afghanistan, which provides a complete picture of the manifestation and interconnection of security threats. Being a state located in the central-southern part of Asia, Afghanistan has an important geo-strategic location. It is the state that connects East and West Asia or the Middle East. Afghanistan has focused on its territory the main security and crime challenges of the last seventy years. This article highlights the main threats to Afghanistan and their impact on regional security.
Participation and implementation in the decisional: procedure of basic criteria of participative democration
Authors:   Academy of Public Administration, Republic of Moldova, Rosca Ludmila , Ursu Valentina ,   Academy of Public Administration, Republic of Moldova
Published: November 2021

Considering that the participation of individuals and communities in public life at all levels – national, regional and local – is part of the fundamental values of democracy and that the direct involvement of the population, by virtue of its civic rights and obligations, is the essence of any democratic system. We conclude that the impact of participatory democracy in ensuring involvement is a matter of the impact of local and national authorities, which must assume a recognised leadership role in promoting population participation, and that the success of any process of democratic participation depends on the real commitment of these authorities. Recognition and strengthening of the role played by civil society, the main actor and driving force through groups and associations, in the development and support of a genuine participatory democracy.
Lengua y cultura locales bajo el peso de la dependencia poscolonial: africanización de "Recuerdos del abuelo Bayebé y otros relatos bubis" de Justo Bolekia Boleká
Authors: Arnauld Keffa Droh Joel
Published: November 2021

La problemática de la lengua y la cultura locales bajo el peso de la dependencia occidental poscolonial es un tema aún preocupante. En la medida en que la superación de esta dependencia, tanto a nivel lingüístico como cultural, radica en la producción de materiales literarios y en la dignificación de la herencia tradicional guineoecuatoriana a través de ellos. Esta dinámica de visibilización del patrimonio africano a través de la literatura es la que ha ido forjándose en las obras de los autores de Guinea Ecuatorial. Su ambición es luchar por la situación de su subalternidad cultural. De ahí nace el presente trabajo, cuyo objetivo es, por un lado, analizar las estrategias narrativas tradicionales utilizadas en la obra de Justo Bolekia Boleká, y, por otro, destacar en ella el proceso de reapropiación de los valores tradicionales como respuesta a la “herida colonial”.
Evaluation of nine reference evapotranspiration models in Traghen region, Southwest of Libya
Authors: Alghusni Ali Othman
Published: November 2021

This research was carried out to evaluate nine reference evapotranspiration, and find out an alternative models to the standard FAO Penman-Monteith model in Traghen region southwest of Libya. The models applied were standard FAO Penman-Monteith, FAO Radiation, FAO Blaney-Criddle, Hargreaves-Samani, Priestley-Taylor, Makkink, Turc, Thornthwaite, Kharrufa and McCloud.  The models were compared with the FAO Penman-Monteith model using root mean square error (RMSE) , mean bias error (MBE), Pearson type goodness of fit index (R2), refined index of agreement (dr), modeling efficiency (Ef) and t-test.  Results showed that FAO Radiation and FAO Blaney-Criddle models overestimated ETo by values ranged from 0.64% to 16.06%.  However, Kharrufa and McCloud models overestimated ETo in some months and underestimated ETo in some other months.  Whereas, the other models underestimated ETo by values ranged from -86.69 % to -6.02%.  The FAO radiation model gave the highest dr (0.892) and Ef (0.951) values, and the lowest RMSE (0.534 mm/day), indicating that this model was the best alternative to the FAO Penman-Monteith model in the study region, followed by FAO Blaney-Criddle model with dr value of 0.851, Ef value of 0.878, and RMSE value of 0.845 mm/day.  In addition, FAO radiation model showed the second best R2 and MBE values at 0.993 and 0.473, respectively  Also, FAO Blaney-Criddle model showed the third best R2 value at 0.989.  Therefore, FAO radiation model is ranked the first and FAO Blaney-Criddle model is ranked the second.  According to the statistical measures stated above, Turc model ranked the third, Kharrufa model ranked forth.  Models of Hargreaves-Samani, Makkink, Priestley-Taylor, McCloud and Thornthwaite ranked fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth and ninth, respectively.  T-test analysis at 5% level of significance indicated that there is a significant difference between the FAO Penman-Monteith model and all models except Kharrufa and McCloud models.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for English Linguistics Research, Vol. 10, No. 4
Authors: Su Camille
Published: November 2021

English Linguistics Research (ELR) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether ELR publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue. Reviewers for Volume 10, Number 4 Alina Andreea Dragoescu Urlica, University of Life Sciences, RomaniaGhadah Al Murshidi, The United Arab Emirates University, UAENaom Nyarigoti, United States International University-Africa, KenyaWin Whelan, St. Bonaventure University, USAYuemin Wang, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China Best Regards,Camille SuEditorial Assistant, English Linguistics ResearchSciedu Press*************************************Add: 9140 Leslie St. Suite 110, Beaver Creek, Ontario, L4B 0A9, CanadaTel: 1-416-479-0028 ext. 210E-mail 1: elr@sciedupress.com  E-mail 2: elr@sciedupress.org Website: http://elr.sciedupress.com
PENERAPAN PRINSIP BIOKLIMATIK PADA BANGUNAN RUMAH TINGGAL
Authors: Maharani Maria Rosita , Prianto Eddy
Published: November 2021

Penerapan Prinsip Bioklimatik pada bangunan sangat penting, karena bioklimatik memperhatikan kenyamanan dan kesejahteraan pengguna, serta memberikan respon positif terhadap lingkungan sekitar bangunan. Oleh karena itu, prinsip-prinsip bioklimatik harus diterapkan pada lingkup bangunan yang paling dekat dengan setiap manusia. Studi ini mengambil kasus pada sebuah bangunan tempat tinggal yang terletak di kawasan padat penduduk di pusat kota Semarang yang juga berada di kawasan pesisir pantai. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis objek berdasarkan prinsip bioklimatik, dengan harapan dapat digunakan sebagai bahan masukan bagi bangunan objek pada khususnya dan bangunan tempat tinggal lainnya pada umumnya untuk memperoleh rumah yang memberikan kenyamanan dan kesejahteraan bagi masyarakat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rumah sebagai objek penelitian ini mampu memenuhi 6 prinsip bioklimatik, yaitu dengan cara yang sederhana dan mudah diterapkan. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa prinsip bioklimatik sangat adaptif, dapat diterapkan pada lingkup bangunan terkecil dengan cara yang sederhana dan mudah bagi masyarakat.
DESAIN INTERIOR LOBBY, BALLROOM, DAN CONVENTION HALL HOTEL YANG RESPONSIF DI MASA PANDEMI
Authors: Aditiya Tegar , Amin Choirul , Sarasati Carina
Published: November 2021

Pandemi Covid-19 sudah menyebar di Indonesia mulai tahun 2020 tepatnya bulan Maret 2020 yang biasa disebut Corona Virus. Virus ini menyebar pada manusia yang masuk ke saluran pernapasan dengan gejala pertama seperti penyakit flu sampai menimbulkan sindrom pernapasan akut berat / Severe Acute Respiration Syndrom (SARS). Virus ini bisa tersebar lewat tetesan cairan dari bersin ataupun batuk. Dengan munculnya wabah ini masyarakat diwajibkan melakukan aktivitas kehidupan sehari – hari dengan protokol kesehatan untuk menghindari penyebaran virus. Banyak sektor usaha, bisnis dan pariswisata yang terdampak karena Covid-19. Salah satu sektor pariswisata adalah perhotelan. Sektor pariwisata dalam lingkup perhotelan khususnya hotel berbintang 5 memungkinkan terjadinya penyebaran virus, karena lingkungan hotel bintang 5 sering dikunjungi oleh pengunjung atau tamu yang berasal dari berbagai kota, provinsi, maupun turis manca negara serta lingkungan hotel yangsering dijadikan tempat berinteraksi kontak fisik. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya kesesuaian terhadap desain interior yang terkait dengan ruang pelayanan hotel untuk meminimalisir interaksi kontak fisik dengan karyawan atau pengunjung hotel lainnya, serta penerapan protokol kesehatan disetiap aktivitas yang ada didalam hotel dan fasilitas terkait yang melibatkan banyak orang.
Mengenali Facial Palcy pada Trauma Wajah dan Tatalaksana Pembedahan
Authors: Gunawan Gunawan , Hanan Farihah Inas , Raihan Lutfia Lisa , Mahfuzzahroni Muhamad , Febriya Moestafa Rizka
Published: November 2021

Bell's palsy is the most common neurological disorder affecting the cranial nerves with an onset that is rapid and unilateral, and it is common cause of facial paralysis worldwide. Bell's palsy occurs due to compression or enlargement of the stylomastoid foramen and causes nerve obstruction or damage caused by trauma, infection, inflammation, autoimmune, ischemic. This article aims to review bell's palsy, specifically motor nerve alignment, surgical disorders and management of bell's palsy. Source searches were carried out on online portals for journal publications such as Google Scholar (scholar.google.com) and the National Centre for Biotechnology Information/NCBI (ncbi.nlm.nih.gov), with the keyword “Facial palcy, dan Bell’s palcy”.  In the United States, the annual incidence of Bell's palsy is approximately 23 cases per 100,000 people. Permanent facial paralysis and non-transient functional deficits are the main indications for surgical reconstruction of facial nerve function. The indications for surgery depend on the severity of the nerve lesion, blunt trauma that causes nondegenerative neuropraxia does not require surgical reconstruction, whereas disorders leading to degenerative neurotmesis require surgery.
Hệ thống theo dõi lộ trình xe buýt tại thành phố Đà Nẵng theo thời gian thực
Authors: Nguyen Thi Khanh Hong  , Pham Duy Duong
Published: November 2021

Với Đề án xây dựng thành phố thông minh tại thành phố Đà Nẵng, giai đoạn 2018-2025, định hướng đến năm 2030 và cùng với sự phát triển mạnh mẽ và những lợi thế của công nghệ IoT, việc tích hợp, ứng dụng IoT trong lĩnh vực giao thông thông minh có thể cải thiện hiệu suất, tối ưu hóa lưu lượng truy cập của hệ thống, đem đến sự tiện dụng cho người dân. Từ những lợi thế về công nghệ đó đã cho phép phát triển và triển khai nhiều ứng dụng dịch vụ khác nhau trong lĩnh vực giao thông thông minh. Trong bài báo này chúng tôi đề xuất việc ứng dụng mạng diện rộng công suất thấp LoRa cho việc hiển thị lộ trình và thời gian chờ xe buýt theo thời gian thực. Trong đó các thiết bị đầu cuối được đặt trên xe buýt nhằm thu thập toạ độ GPS của xe buýt và gửi tọa độ này cùng thông tin của xe buýt lên Server The Things Network thông qua hệ thống Gateway có kết nối internet, một ứng dụng trên điện thoại người dùng chờ xe buýt sẽ hiển thị vị trí, khoảng cách và thời gian xe buýt tương ứng với tuyến người dùng chọn sẽ đến vị trí người chờ xe buýt. Để làm được điều này, chúng tôi đã đề xuất một giải pháp phần cứng sử dụng mạng LoRa và thuật toán để xác định vị trí người dùng và xe buýt trên lộ trình nhằm tính toán thời gian và khoảng cách nói trên.
Developing Contemporary Engineering Skills through Service Learning in Peru
Authors: Johnson Pauline D. , Johnson Philip , Shaney Noam
Published: November 2021

International service learning at The University of Alabama engages students in leadership and teaming roles. In Peru, students practiced skills that meet challenges of engineering in a global society and demonstrate accreditation learning outcomes not easily taught in traditional classrooms. Students in settings like this also get first-hand experience in what engineering is ultimately about: building things that make people’s lives better. Assessing the experience in a post-trip survey, students rated teaming lessons, communications, and experiential learning skills as particular strengths.
Enabling Sustainable Organizational Change: A Case of Cognitive Diversity in the Automotive Industry
Authors: Blom Tonja , du Plessis Yvonne , Kazeroony Hamid H
Published: November 2021

In diverse societies such as South Africa, organizations continue to face inclusion challenges when implementing change. This study proposes a different method and new dimension of diversity management within the cognitive diversity construct, namely human niche theory, to tackle the diversity dilemma of exclusivity. The research question asked whether human niche theory, as a defined concept within cognitive diversity, could be utilized by managers to enable inclusion and promote sustainable organizational change implementation. Conceptually, this paper relates human niche theory to seven themes in the change process, namely, communication, training, motivation, resources, control, monitoring, and feedback. An exploratory single case study in a multicultural South African automotive organization that implemented a company-wide technology change project was used as a unit of analysis. The single case study revealed a new understanding of change implementation processes using the human niche theoretical framework related to radical technological change implementation. Data collection included in-depth interviews, focus group sessions, solicited company data, field notes, and observations. Content and comparative data analysis were used to present findings. This research showed that managers’ awareness of human niche theory in terms of cognitive diversity could assist in managing diversity, enabling inclusion, and change effectiveness in the organization, while minimizing emotional exclusion.