bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Refund Methods and Diagnosis-Related Groups Made to Health Institutions in Turkey
Authors: KIZILKAYA Emine , MALTAŞ Elif , ORHAN Sibel , GÜMÜŞ Muhammet
Published: August 2021

There are many difficulties in applying repayment methods. Reimbursement methods made to healthcare service providers determine an important quality in the provision of health services. The types of reimbursement methods made significantly affect the care services that patients should receive and the expenditures made. Repayment methods, the use of quality services that are tried to be put forward with the scarce resources available, act as a bridge between service providers and paying institutions. Because of this benefit, the use of Diagnosis-Related Groups and other payment methods, which are tried to be widespread, in health institutions, is tried to be made effective. In particular, the study focuses on the reimbursement methods made to health institutions in Turkey. In addition, the formation of Diagnosis-Related Groups in Turkey and the reimbursement methods based on Diagnosis-Related Groups in Turkey were mentioned. At the end of the study, it was seen how the repayments attempted to be made affect the distribution of financial resources among health institutions and how important it’s in dealing with the payment methods of Diagnosis-Related Groups was obtained. It’s thought that the study carried out will fill the gap in the literature and lead the future researches.
Using Media for Public Relations of Thai Food to Global Market in China
Authors: Paisarnsombat Sarinya , Kheerajit Cherdpong , Rampai Nattaphon , Sompong Narong
Published: August 2021

This research aims 1) to study media exposure behavior of various age target groups: teenager, working age, and elderly, 2) to develop suitable media for public relations of Thai food to specific target groups, and 3) to study media satisfactory of Chinese to the integrated media for public relations of Thai food innovation to global market. The studied groups include 249 tourists both Chinese and others who travelled in Thailand and 100 Chinese tourists in Shanghai, China. The research tools are 1) integrated public relations media of Thai food innovation including website, video, mobile application, and publications, 2) satisfactory survey, and 3) questionnaire on media exposure behavior on public relations media of Thai food to global market. The survey and questionnaire were offered in Chinese and English languages. Results suggest that media exposure behavior of the tourist on Thai food information are not significantly different among nationality. There is no relationship between age and media exposure behavior. The most favorable media among tourists is online social media, followed by mobile application and website, respectively. Chinese prefers to receive information on Thai food via online social media, while the others prefer to receive the information via mobile application. Chinese would like to know about Thai food innovation, while others would like to learn about Thai food recipe. The study suggests that the suitable integrated media for public relations of Thai food to Chinese should be presented in Chinese language and published in most common social media among Chinese such as WeChat and Youku.
Is Artificial Intelligence (A.I.) Ready to Run a Factory?
Authors: Seidelson Craig Eric
Published: August 2021

With smart factory investment expected to increase 20% year-on-year over the next five years and total investment expected to reach $275 billion worldwide by 2027, the use of Artificial Intelligence (A.I.) to manage operations is receiving considerable attention.  This paper takes an in depth look at how factory data is being generated, stored, processed, transferred, trained and ultimately validated using A.I.  The conclusion is that deep machine learning is more than capable of controlling devices.  Yet, research shows only 14% of smart manufactures would describe their A.I. efforts as successful.  The problems are cost and application.  Smart manufacturing is almost exclusively done by multi-billion dollar operations.  Is this money well spent?  Factories aren’t closed, linear systems. In these chaotic systems infinitesimal changes in any one of the myriad of input variables are capable of producing disproportionate changes in output values. As a result, no matter how much scrap, downtime, sales or on-time delivery data a company collects actual values will diverge exponentially from what existing A.I. algorithms are predicting.  Until more research is done predicting dynamic, nonlinear systems A.I. will not be capable of running a factory without human involvement.
SiCP/A356 Kompozitinin Aşınma Direncine Ultrasonik Dövme İşleminin ve Yaşlandırma Sertleşmesinin Etkilerinin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: GENÇER Gökçe Mehmet , YOLCU Coşkun , KAHRAMAN Fatih , BELEVİ Melih
Published: August 2021

Çalışmada, karıştırmalı döküm yöntemiyle üretilmiş ağırlıkça %10 SiC partikül takviyeli alüminyum matrisli kompozit plakalara 2 ve 5 saat olmak üzere iki farklı yaşlandırma süresi kullanılarak T6 ısıl işlemi uygulanmıştır. Buna ilaveten, döküm sonrası elde edilen bir diğer kompozit plakaya ise ultrasonik dövme yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Matris malzemesi olarak A356 alaşımı kullanılan kompozit plakaların, uygulanan işlemler sonrasında iç yapılarındaki ve sertlik değerlerindeki değişimler ve bulamaç (çamur) ortamındaki abrasif aşınma davranışları incelenmiştir. Sonuçlara göre, uygulanan ısıl işlemin ve ultrasonik dövme yönteminin SiC partikül takviyeli A356 kompozitin bulamaç ortamındaki abrasif aşınma direncini arttırdıkları ancak imalat sırasında takviyeler nedeniyle mikro hataların oluşması halinde, seramik takviyelerin sağladığı aşınma direncini yine kendilerinin negatif etkileyebileceği de gözlemlenmiştir.
Uma experiência de ensino-aprendizagem de áreas de figuras planas através da Resolução de Problemas
Authors: Pimenta Geferson Luiz Montanholi , Justulin Andresa Maria
Published: August 2021

O objetivo deste artigo foi analisar as contribuições da Metodologia de Ensino-Aprendizagem-Avaliação através da Resolução de Problemas ao trabalhar em sala de aula o conteúdo de áreas de figuras. Foram participantes da pesquisa, cuja abordagem foi qualitativa, 20 alunos do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola pública da região norte do Paraná. Os resultados indicam que, mesmo diante das dificuldades, os alunos utilizaram conhecimentos prévios ao resolver o problema, mas que a estratégia tentativa e erro prevaleceu entre os grupos. Também não houve por parte dos alunos questionamentos que pudessem possibilitar a extensão do problema, o que revela que a prática de resolução de problemas em sala de aula deve ser intensificada. De todo modo, a resolução do problema analisado nesta pesquisa proporcionou aos alunos opinarem, debaterem e chegarem a um consenso, tendo o professor como mediador do processo de ensino-aprendizagem.
Trascendencia de las estrategias metodológicas y el desempeño docente en el trabajo remoto
Authors: Sánchez Antícona Álvaro Rodrigo
Published: August 2021

El presente artículo de revisión de información teórica sobre la trascendencia de las estrategias metodológicas y el desempeño docente en el trabajo remoto o también denominado trabajo a distancia, contiene información teórica de revistas indexadas, artículos científicos, tesis y textos de trabajo realizado en las instituciones educativas durante el año escolar 2020, como consecuencia de la prevención de la pandemia producida por el Covid-19. Además cuenta con información de teorías psicopedagógicas generales como: la teoría conductista, sociocultural y cognitiva; así como de teorías sustantivas que sustentan el análisis de revisión bibliográfica del artículo de revisión reconociendo la importancia de utilizar estrategias metodológicas y actividades educativas en el desarrollo de actividades a distancia, para lograr el desarrollo de habilidades, destrezas, competencias, desempeño y estándares académicos conducentes a un expediente de egreso de educación básica en el curso. Para avanzar, los estudiantes concluyen que depende del buen uso de las estrategias metodológicas y de los excelentes resultados educativos que se logren al trabajar de forma remota en base al Currículo Nacional de Educación Básica y por ende lograr un aprendizaje de calidad de manera permanente y continua como tarea fundamental que realizan los maestros de las instituciones educativas públicas a nivel nacional.
Asesoría pedagógica en educación
Authors: Caballero Briceño Emiliano
Published: August 2021

El objetivo del presente artículo de revisión bibliográfica, es dar a conocer la importancia del asesoramiento pedagógico en el área de educación, considerando una metodología y criterios de revisión de la literatura en múltiples fuentes de información a través de los siguientes operadores de búsqueda Google Académico, EBSCO, Scielo, en donde se ha podido apreciar que el asesoramiento pedagógico, surge como una estrategia de apoyo, en el cual recae la responsabilidad en docentes que tienen una amplia experiencia con características y perfiles requeridos, para brindar asesoramiento a los docentes que tienen dificultades en resolver solos sus problemas en el campo educativo, donde se requiere orientación oportuna de un asesor interno o externo. En tal sentido el asesoramiento pedagógico fortalece las competencias profesionales docentes, promoviendo el trabajo cooperativo, compartiendo experiencias desde su propia práctica, mediante los trabajos colegiados, visitas en aulas, talleres de actualización, en relación al Currículo Nacional, en un enfoque crítico reflexivo,  que permita llegar a las instituciones educativas para fortalecer las acciones de los docentes en las dimensiones de la planificación, evaluación, clima y conducción de un proceso formativo en los asesorados para lograr aprendizajes significativos en los estudiantes.

El estudio realizado concluye que; el asesor pedagógico debe ser una persona empática, flexible, capaz de poner en juego sus habilidades comunicativas, así como la capacidad para identificar las fortalezas y debilidades del accionar docente promoviendo en forma continua el razonamiento y la creatividad en los estudiantes.
Desarrollo de competencias emocionales para la disminución de violencia y conflictos escolares en estudiantes adolescentes
Authors: Rodríguez Machuca Gladys Otilia
Published: August 2021

La sociedad de hoy es eminentemente pragmática en donde el nivel de exigencia, especialmente del mercado, ha traído consecuencias inevitables en la reestructuración y funcionamiento de las familias y sus miembros, lo que conlleva al desarrollo de una situación estresante y conflictiva, debido a la alteración de las emociones.

El estudio de estas se ha convertido en una de las principales preocupaciones de la psicología, desde una perspectiva general y de un modo muy especial, de la psicología educativa; por ello, el presente artículo se orienta a investigar la importancia que tiene el desarrollo de las competencias emocionales para disminuir la violencia y los conflictos escolares en estudiantes adolescentes.

Diversos estudios demuestran que las competencias emocionales están directamente relacionadas con la inteligencia emocional, la misma que regula todo el comportamiento humano, permitiendo que las personas establezcan diversos tipos de vínculos con los demás miembros de su entorno; es decir, permite regular las habilidades sociales, disminuir de manera significativa los posibles conflictos entre los integrantes de un grupo. En consecuencia, se puede inferir que los estudiantes, que desarrollan competencias emocionales, son más susceptibles de establecer relaciones interpersonales armoniosas y satisfactorias; a diferencia de los adolescentes, que no promueven sus competencias emocionales, tienden a utilizar estrategias de comportamiento conflictivas, expresadas en abuso y violencia con sus pares.
El pensamiento crítico como práctica pedagógica innovadora
Authors: Zavaleta Guevara Lourdes del Rosario
Published: August 2021

Actualmente se observan diferentes actitudes, comportamientos e interacciones en el ámbito familiar, educativo, sociocultural, económico y político, producto del saber, del pensar y del sentir, que son poco alentadoras para una sociedad justa y democrática. Asimismo, la variedad de información poco objetiva ejerce gran influencia, en personas que indudablemente necesitan mejorar su capacidad de pensar. El presente artículo señala que el pensamiento crítico debe ser abordado desde las instituciones educativas y desde la labor docente, mediante una investigación responsable, revisión documental y diseño de programas pertinentes que faciliten la implementación de prácticas pedagógicas innovadoras con sustento científico y empírico para la apropiación crítica y reflexiva del pensamiento en los estudiantes. La propuesta educativa más pertinente para desarrollar el pensamiento crítico es el enfoque por competencias de Tobón, enfoque en el cual se sustenta el Currículo Nacional de la Educación Básica,  por ello, se sugiere que el pensamiento crítico debe ser considerado como competencia transversal al aprendizaje y a las áreas curriculares de las diferentes modalidades y niveles educativos; promoviendo el rol protagónico del estudiante y la responsabilidad del docente. El objetivo del presente artículo es generar la reflexión de los docentes en función al pensamiento crítico y su práctica pedagógica para que logren comprender la relevancia de implementar nuevas estrategias metodológicas que contribuyan a desarrollar, fortalecer y consolidar el pensamiento crítico, favoreciendo así la formación integral de los estudiantes
Tecnologías educativas en las competencias digitales de los docentes
Authors: Moreno Larios Felipe Jesús
Published: August 2021

La presencia del COVID – 19 ha llevado a todo el mundo al confinamiento de manera voluntaria dentro de sus hogares. Por lo tanto, el desarrollo de las competencias digitales es primordial en el medio educativo y se ha visto la necesidad imperiosa de repensar todo el funcionamiento y posibilidades no presenciales basadas en internet a través del uso de la tecnología de la educación. Es así, que evaluar el impacto que tiene el uso de la tecnología en la educación y cómo ésta afecta el aprendizaje de los estudiantes en las instituciones educativas, no es tarea fácil. Desde que aparece el internet y las nuevas tecnologías se ha dado una verdadera revolución tecnológica en las aulas. Ahí donde antes el lápiz, el papel y los libros eran los principales protagonistas, cada vez van ganando más terreno las computadoras, las tablets y las tecnologías interactivas, por lo que, en la actualidad trae ventajas para la educación cuando se introduce la tecnología en las aulas, las cuales permiten un aprendizaje más interactivo y participativo, favoreciendo el trabajo colaborativo. Además, se abre la posibilidad de aprender a distancia y en diferentes contextos. Permite una mayor flexibilidad de horarios, posibilita que los alumnos puedan mantener un ritmo más personalizado a sus necesidades y es más fácilmente adaptable con necesidades especiales. En función a lo anteriormente mencionado, se pretende identificar como las tecnologías educativas contribuyen en las competencias digitales de los docentes.
Práctica docente y liderazgo pedagógico
Authors: Cubas Briones Elva Yadira
Published: August 2021

En el siglo XXI, surge la necesidad de replantearse los paradigmas que se consideran en el campo educativo, no solamente aquellos relacionados al proceso de enseñanza - aprendizaje, sino también a la gestión educativa y los procesos que ella implica. Es trascendental tener presente que, en el marco de los procesos de gestión relacionados con el planeamiento, nuevos enfoques y paradigmas, como la planificación estratégica, asumida e incorporada en el PEI., en la organización, dirección y control, destaca el liderazgo, cuya concepción ha superado los enfoques tradicionales, con la visión de que los directores se conviertan en gerentes educativos y que impulsen aprendizajes a través del equipo docente que ellos lideran.

En este marco se viene constituyendo el denominado enfoque del liderazgo pedagógico, el cual busca mejorar las prácticas de los docentes, por ese motivo en el presente artículo se ha realizado una revisión treinta y tres fuentes documentales, analizándose la incidencia del liderazgo en el campo educativo, centrando el estudio en el liderazgo pedagógico y su relación con la práctica docente. Se describe las principales concepciones del liderazgo pedagógico, el rol que deben asumir directivos y docentes y los diversos agentes educativos.

Se concluye que el liderazgo pedagógico constituye una noción integral, centrada en el aprendizaje, desarrollo profesional y humano. Para transformar la institución educativa es necesario fomentar que maestros, gerentes y educadores sean conscientes del protagonismo que tienen en la actualidad en la estructuración de los equipos y la práctica docente.
Una mirada del aula invertida como estrategia metodológica en la educación
Authors: Vidal Reyes Isidro Alberto
Published: August 2021

El propósito del presente artículo es dar a conocer la relevancia de la estrategia metodológica de flipped classroom o aula  invertida en la educación, utilizando una revisión bibliográfica de 23 documentos en revistas indexadas (Redalyc, SciELO, Dialnet, EBSCO, EDUTEC,  ProQuets y Scopus),en donde se ha podido apreciar que los fundamentos teóricos que justifican la estrategia metodológica de aula invertida son principalmente la teoría del conflicto cognitivo de Piaget, y el aprendizaje cooperativo de Vygotsky, donde el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje se concibe a través de un trabajo colaborativo e interactivo y de construcción por parte del estudiante. Esta estrategia emerge como una propuesta en el cambio educativo, que va desde la educación básica hasta la educación superior, como una oportunidad para fortalecer el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje. Esta propuesta ha tenido gran impacto en el campo educativo ya que muchos docentes han mejorado su desempeño, con actividades dinámicas creando en los estudiantes una gran expectativa sobre la construcción de sus aprendizajes y ser el protagonista de los mismos, ayudando a solucionar problemas de su entorno. En tal sentido el método de aula invertida contribuye a mejorar la práctica docente, de igual modo, les permite dedicar un mayor tiempo a atender la diversidad en el aula y personalizar la respuesta educativa que se ofrece a cada alumno, adaptándola a sus necesidades individuales.
Chemical Evaluation of Mumu Formulated from Pearl Millet, Irish Potato and Sesame Flour Blends
Authors: Aande TM , Agbidye IG , Adah CA
Published: August 2021

An investigation into anti¬-nutrient compositionof mumu, a traditional dish in Benue State, Nigeria, was carried out. Formulation of blends was based on different levels of roasted pearl millet flour (RPMF), boiled Irish potato flour (BIPF), and roasted sesame seed flour (RSSF). The three ingredients were combined in the following ratios: RPMF 100 (control), 70:20:10, 65:25:10 and 65:20:15 of RPMF: BIPF: RSSF, respectively. Mineral bioavailability was evaluated by [Oxalate]/[Ca], [Phytate]/[Ca], [Phytate]/[Fe] and [Phytate]/[Zn] molar ratios of the different blends of mumu were investigated, to which only Fe showed limited absorption. The anti-nutritional constituents showed that concentration of phytates>alkaloids>oxalates>total phenols, with values ranging from 24.22-24.93 mg/100 g Phytates, 4.15-4.81 mg/100 g alkaloids; 0.39-0.78 mg/100g oxalates; 0.00-0.01 mg/100g total phenols. The consumption of mumu is encouraged as it contains minerals important to the body, nonetheless, Fe supplementation is suggested.
Factores perinatales asociados a macrosomía fetal, en un hospital de Quito-Ecuador
Authors: -Pinta Paola Toapanta , -Guerra Andrés Merizalde , -Andrade Paola Alarcón , -Toapanta Cristhian Vasco , Morales Santiago Vasco-
Published: August 2021

OBJETIVOS: Determinar las condiciones perinatales relacionadas con macrosomía fetal, en nuestra población. 

MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal de los registros del programa publicado por: El Centro Latinoamericano de Perinatología, Salud de la Mujer y Reproductiva, archivados en el Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Isidro Ayora, desde enero del 2008 hasta diciembre del 2016. Para las variables numéricas se aplicó la prueba t. Las variables cualitativas se analizaron con la prueba Chi cuadrado. Para el análisis multivariado se utilizó modelos de regresión. En los resultados se incluye el Odds Ratio crudo y ajustado con el intervalo de confianza al 95%. Los datos fueron analizados con el paquete estadístico R versión. 3.3.1 para Mac.

RESULTADOS: Se encontró 1171 (5.2%) neonatos macrosómicos. Las variables asociadas a macrosomía fueron: diabetes, edad gestacional, edad materna, gestas previas, estado civil, sexo masculino, nacimiento vía cesárea, además existe asociación negativa con embarazo múltiple.

CONCLUSIONES: La macrosomía neonatal está relacionada con trastornos metabólicos en la madre, la mayor edad gestacional y materna, acompañamiento de la pareja durante el embarazo, la multiparidad, el producto masculino. El resto de los factores sociales, étnicos, las enfermedades crónicas y los trastornos propios del embarazo no mostraron asociación con macrosomía fetal.
Artificial Intelligence and Human Society
Authors: Jain Alka
Published: August 2021

Artificial intelligence is the latest stage of technological revolutions, through which mankind is undergoing at present. We have crossed the four phases of first agricultural, second 18th century industrialrevolution, third 20th century industrial revolution and fourth 1970’s scientific revolution. We have entered in to fifth era of information technology revolution when

Machines are talking to machines

Machines are talking to humans and

Machines have gained the power of reasoning.

Sophia robot is the latest example of such a revolution. Previous stages of technological revolutions have affected economic environment more than the social environment. Machines had brought changes in economic productivity and we have seen it very recently, but with the introduction of intelligent machines, we are bound to see drastic changes in the human society itself. The fact is reflected in the citizenship for the robot ‘Sophia’. We see that machines have started becoming humans.  The paper proposes to study the effect of these changes on human psychology and then as later effect on the society and the units of the society of the country. Psychological changes in the mankind have hardly been addressed by previous scholars. Path of research will be

Artificial intelligence             Impact on human psychology                        Impact on Indian society

Primary and secondary data will be collected to study these impacts. Survey tool will be used for data collection. The analysis and interpretation of the data will give us research outcome which can prove helpful in decision making for the future development of artificial intelligence techniques and their acceptance in the society. Such researches can surely contribute in giving correct direction to innovationsin science and their adaptation in the society.
The family of multilayered finite elements for the analysis of plates and shells of variable thickness
Authors: Agapov Vladimir P. , Markovich Alexey
Published: August 2021

Urban development requires careful attitude to environment on the one hand and protection of the population from the natural phenomena on the other. To solve these problems, various building structures are used, in which slabs and shells of variable thickness find the wide application. In this work, the family of multilayered finite elements for the analysis of plates and shells of variable thickness is described. The family is based on the simplest flat triangular element of the Kirchhoff type. The lateral displacements in this element are approximated by an incomplete cubic polynomial. Such an element is unsuitable for practical use, but on its basis, improved elements of triangular and quadrilateral shape are built. Particular attention is paid to taking into account the variability of the cross-section. The results of the developed elements testing are presented, and the advantages of their use in the practice of designing and calculating the structures are shown.

 

El desarrollo urbano requiere una actitud cuidadosa con el medio ambiente, por un lado, y la protección de la población frente a los fenómenos naturales, por otro. Para resolver estos problemas, se utilizan diversas estructuras de edificios, en las que las placas y cáscaras de espesor variable encuentran una amplia aplicación. En este trabajo se describe la familia de elementos finitos multicapa para el análisis de placas y cáscaras de espesor variable. La familia se basa en el elemento triangular plano más simple del tipo Kirchhoff. Los desplazamientos laterales en este elemento se aproximan mediante un polinomio cúbico incompleto. Este elemento es inadecuado para su uso práctico, pero sobre su base se construyen elementos mejorados de forma triangular y cuadrilátera. Se presta especial atención a tener en cuenta la variabilidad de la sección transversal. Se presentan los resultados de las pruebas de los elementos desarrollados y se muestran las ventajas de su uso en la práctica del diseño y el cálculo de las estructuras.
Caracterización de la roca mediante propiedades físicas y su relación con la resistencia a la compresión simple
Authors: Calle Patricio Feijoo , Verdezoto Elizabeth Brito
Published: August 2021

En este trabajo se propone una metodología sencilla y de aplicación práctica en campo para la determinación aproximada de la Resistencia a la Compresión Simple (RCS) en rocas, propiedad o característica que es importante en minería, ya que mediante la misma, se ejecutan análisis para la valoración de factores de seguridad y estabilidad y/o posibles sistemas de fortificación en las obras o estructuras mineras, a más de que la caracterización de la RCS es también influyente en el uso de explosivos para la explotación o extracción de materiales de una cantera o mina. Esta estimación se la propone en base a la determinación de las siguientes tres propiedades de la roca, que en esta investigación las denominamos densidad, porosidad y absorción “en mina”. Estas propiedades físicas se las puede obtener de una forma simple, pero metódica y en este trabajo se han ejecutado ensayos sobre un mismo material o roca proveniente de la zona de Cojitambo, provincia del Cañar (Ecuador) y sobre una base de 60 muestras o probetas. Los resultados obtenidos permiten una correlación entre las propiedades antes descritas y la RCS, a más que se ha estructurado una metodología de cálculo para el objetivo planteado.

 

This work proposes a simple methodology and practical application in the field for the approximate determination of the Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) in rocks, property or characteristic that is important in mining, since through it analyzes are carried out to the assessment of security and stability factors and/or possible fortification systems in the works or mining structures, in addition to the characterization of the UCS is also influential in the use of explosives for the exploitation or extraction of materials from a quarry or mine. This estimate is proposed based on the determination of the following three properties of the rock, which in this investigation we call density, porosity and absorption “in mine”. These physical properties can be obtained in a simple, but methodical way and in this work, tests have been carried out on the same material or rock from the Cojitambo area, Cañar province (Ecuador) and on the basis of 60 samples or test tubes. The results obtained allow a correlation between the properties described above and the UCS, in addition to a calculation methodology for the proposed objective.
Teachers' Voice in Zambia
Authors: Luo Jianhua , Muyunda Gift
Published: August 2021

Curriculum Development in Zambia is highly centralized, with the Curriculum Development Center (CDC) being charged with developing the curriculum through consultative and participatory approaches through the course and subject panels where teachers are engaged. Nevertheless, there has been no empirical evidence to show how teachers are actively involved in the development process. This study aimed to investigate the phenomenon of teachers' involvement in the curriculum development process in Zambia. This study was qualitative and used a case study design approach. Data was collected using a semi-structured interview guide from secondary school teachers and headteachers. Raw data were collected through semi-structured interview forms from secondary school teachers and headteachers. The researcher analyzed the data using MAXQDA qualitative software to identify initial codes and generate emerging themes quickly. The results showed that secondary school teachers were dissatisfied with the present way of curriculum development, which insignificantly neglects them, and also, the majority of them have never participated in the development of the curriculum. Further, the results revealed that most of the secondary school teachers in Lusaka were willing to participate at any stage of the curriculum development in Zambia. This study concludes by arguing that secondary school teachers are significantly neglected to participate in the curriculum development in Zambia and recommends that the Ministry of General Education (MoGE) broaden the scope of secondary school teachers' participation in the curriculum developed through the Curriculum Development Center (CDC).
The Effect of Erp Effectiveness on the Accounting Information Quality with Personal Competence as Moderating Variabel on Pt. Aneka Gas Industri Tbk
Authors:   Universitas Prima Indonesia, Hutagalung Galumbang
Published: August 2021

This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of Production Planning and Sales & Distribution variables on The Accounting Information Quality moderated by personal competence at PT Aneka Gas Industri Tbk Wil I North Sumatra. Type of this research using causal research. This study using 126 respondent as a sample with cencus method, questionnaire were given and filled out by employees of PT Aneka Gas Industri Tbk Wil I North Sumatra using ERP-SAP. The data were analyzed using the partial least squares (SEM-PLS) structural equation model. The results of this study indicate that the Production Planning variable has a significant and positive effect on the accounting information quality. Sales & Distribution variables have a significant and positive effect on the accounting information quality. In addition, this study also found that personal competence did not moderate the effect of Production Planning and Sales & Distribution variables on The Accounting Information Quality.
Lyell-Like Acute Graft-Versus-Host-Disease
Authors:   Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Geneva University Hospitals, rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, CH-1205 Genève, Switzerland, Lorenzi Caroline de , Tehrany Yassaman Alipour ,   Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Geneva University Hospitals, rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, CH-1205 Genève, Switzerland, Menzinger Sébastien ,   Division of Clinical Pathology, Geneva University Hospitals, rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, CH-1205 Genève, Switzerland
Published: August 2021

Stage IV acute cutaneous graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) is nowadays rarely seen due to tissue typing done before transplant. The first line treatment for acute GVHD grade II-IV is systemic corticosteroids. However, although there is no consensus for refractory cases, literature report diverse therapies to be effective. We report the case of a 34 year-old patient with refractory acute cutaneous graft-versus-host-disease stage IV successfully treated with etanercept
Response Path Adapted to the Unbalanced Shrinkage of Small Towns in Metropolitan Areas
Authors:   Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Li Yanqun , Geng Hong ,   Huazhong University of Science and Technology; China, Shi Erpeng ,   Huazhong University of Science and Technology; China
Published: August 2021

Along with the global wave of urbanization, urban agglomerations with megacities as the core have become the main form of urbanization in various countries. The polarization effect around the metropolis leads to the centripetal flow of capital, labour, land and other resource elements in the surrounding small towns, which causes the shrinkage of small towns in the metropolis, such as population reduction, economic recession, idle housing and dilapidated space. The shrinkage of small towns in the metropolis has become a global issue. However, as an important spatial unit in the spectrum of urbanization that serves, connects and couples urban and rural areas, the shrinking phenomenon faced by small towns has an important influence on the healthy development of urbanization. Exploring the development path of adaptive shrinkage for small towns has become an important part of the healthy urbanization of metropolises. Based on the public data of population, land and economy in Wuhan, China from 2004 to 2014, this paper uses GIS and other spatial analysis technologies to comprehensively measure the relevant characteristics of the shrinkage of small towns. The results showed that the small towns in Wuhan are in the form of "unbalanced shrinkage" under a local growth. And the towns present a spatial pattern of "circle increasing shrinkage" around the boundary of main downtown. With a further exploration of the formation mechanism of "unbalanced shrinkage", it is found that this shrinkage pattern is caused by a combination function of various factors, such as downtown deprivation in the policies supply, centripetal delivery of social capital and reconstruction of regional division of labour network. Based on this, this paper tries to propose some response paths for small towns in metropolitan areas to adapt to the "unbalanced shrinkage". First of all, the small towns should integrate into the regional differential development pattern and strive for the institutional dividend. Secondly, the small towns should promote an industrial transformation, and then attract the market release of social capital. Thirdly, the small towns should improve the living environment and promote intensive use of land. Through these paths, we can stabilize the three-level structure system of “urban-township-village”, and ensure the healthy urbanization of metropolitan areas.
Comparative analysis of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration, Yangtze river delta urban agglomeration, Guangdong, Hong Hong and Macau Bay area based on gravity model
Authors:   Urban Space Architectural Planning & Design Co. LTD., Huihui Nan ,   China, Qing Lu ,   Urban Space Architectural Planning & Design Co. LTD.; China, Qian Zhao ,   Urban Space Architectural Planning & Design Co. LTD.; China
Published: August 2021

Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration, Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration and the Guangdong, Hong Kong, Macau Greater Bay Area are China's three major urban agglomerations, including China's political, economic, financial and technological centers, which are important engines of the Chinese economy. The purpose of this study is to compare these three urban agglomerations from the economy, government management and spatial interactions. The major methodology of the study is gravity model. Since there are no clear official regulations for the scope of the three major urban agglomerations, we should define the scope and core areas at first, making them at a comparable level. First of all, the economy of the three major urban agglomerations in the wide area range are similar, while the core area of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration is the weakest in per capita GDP. In the perspective of government management, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration is policy-oriented and pays more attention to regional balanced development. The Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration mainly focus on economic development. Under the policy of reform and opening up, Guangdong, Hong Kong, Macau Bay Area is seeking more regional cooperation with Hong Kong and Macau. In terms of spatial interactions, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration presents a dual-core structure between Beijing and Tianjin. The other urban nodes in Hebei Province are not obvious, and the regional connections are weak, leading to unbalanced development. The Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration presents the characteristics of a networked structure, and the cities in the entire region are closely connected and have a tendency to be integrated both in economy and transportation. The Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macau Greater Bay Area has formed a strong core composed of cities such as Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Hong Kong, Macau and Dongguan, which are closely linked with each other, but weakly connected with external region.
Rural revitalization under the background of balancing urban and rural development: A case study of Batang village, Guangdong province, China
Authors:   South China University of Technology, Guo Weihong ,   China, Li Bin ,   South China University of Technology; China, Zhang Yuquing ,   South China University of Technology; China
Published: August 2021

Since reform and opening up, the development of Chinese urban and rural areas has shown an evolution of integration from isolation. The government promulgated national policies and related planning strategies, aiming at realizing the goal of rural revitalization through the system reform and planning adjustment of balancing urban and rural development. In the complex process of social development, there are many problems with rural areas, such as lack of infrastructure, unbalanced economic development, dilapidated living environment and insufficient sharing between urban and rural areas. On the premise of meeting the requirements of national laws and policies, this paper takes the planning of Batang village in Yunfu city of Guangdong province as an example. Combine with ReBAM theory to make sure Batang village is suit for developing tourism. And based on field survey made a Batang plan by planning knowledge. Through literature review and field survey to explore how to realize the revitalization of the rural areas under the development mode of balancing urban and rural development. The conclusion of the research took rural tourism as the breakthrough point, and formed complementary and dislocation development mode with the city. In living aspect, the research optimized infrastructure and improved people's living environment as well as summarized cultural elements to inherit rural civilization. In production aspect, it exploited rural commercial potential and income-generating path, and completed the transformation from passive development to active revitalization to achieve prosperity industry and life. In ecology aspect, it combined with sustainable development model to create an ecological and livable rural landscape. At last, the research established urban and rural co-management system and shared rural information platform to achieve effective governance, to ensure that tourism mode as a starting point for rural revitalization planning can be sustainable development. The research of this paper practiced the national experience of rural revitalization as a pilot project, facilitated the implementation of relevant policies and supported planning for rural revitalization, and explored the methods of rural revitalization under the background of balancing urban and rural development. Based on the acceptance of the plan by local villagers, the approval of Guangdong Postgraduate Education Innovation Project in 2018 and got the third prize of National Competition for Ecological Wisdom Inspired Urban and Rural Practice in 2019, it is hoped that the research will contribute to the rural revitalization under the background of balancing urban and rural development.
The Role of Urban Slums in the Evolution of Megacities: A case of Nima and Old Fadama, Accra, Ghana
Authors:   Department of Urban and Rural Planning, School of Architecture Harbin Institute of Technology, Yorgri Eunice , Hong Leng ,   Department of Urban and Rural Planning, School of Architecture Harbin Institute of Technology
Published: August 2021

Urban areas are contributing unprecedentedly in modelling the social, cultural, economic, environmental and physical development of the globe as they are perceived as basket of opportunities to the poor. This phenomenon has undoubtedly resulted in the influx of poor migrants particularly in the global south and consequently causing the proliferation of slums. This is indirectly influencing the growth of megacities due to increasing population amidst limited infrastructure. So far, limited research has been conducted into the role of poor rural migrants in contributing to the growth of megacities. The study also attempted to propose sustainable planning strategies in guiding future urban planning. The case study used both primary and secondary data collection methods. In all, 304 questionnaires were administered in April 2017 (Nima=146 and Old Fadama=158). From the study, 46% of the respondents in Nima hail from the Northern part of Ghana and 14% from the Volta Region. On the other hand, 49% of the respondents in Old Fadama come from the Northern part of Ghana and 22% from the Volta Region. Both Nima and Old Fadama have high figures on migrant population which means a fair contribution to the growth of Accra as a megacity. Therefore, spatial equality through a comprehensive, integrated and universal national development(UND) covering all sectors should be employed. Also, economic opportunities upgrading which is essential for slum and rural communities in Ghana should be considered. Further research on how cities in Ghana are planning towards becoming megacities is prudent.
Evaluating the urban form of a mountainous city from the perspective of compactness characteristics: Kigali city, Rwanda
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Saga University, Rwampungu Ivan ,   Japan, Mishima Nobuo ,   Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Saga University; Japan
Published: August 2021

A better understanding of the composition and form of cities, and how land use changes throughout a city, can provide helpful insights for city sustainable planning. Many sustainable city models have been studied and the compact city concept has been adopted as one the sustainable model in city planning policies of many countries. However, due to dynamic nature of the city structures around the world, there exists a limited consensus on parameters and dimensions to measure urban compactness especially in the cities developed in unplanned manners. This study aims at analyzing and understanding the urban form in Kigali, the capital city of Rwanda. Two dimensions of spatial organization and spatial distribution of population were measured using GIS functions to objectively evaluate physical compactness. Findings reflected trend of decrease in compact form with absence of sustainable concepts due to lack of regularity authority control and haphazard development. Suggestive measures were provided for future consideration in sustainable urban development of the city.
Bringing creative economy to community resilience towards better urban governance
Authors:   Department of Urban and Regional Planning UNDIP, Nugroho Prihadi ,   Indonesia
Published: August 2021

As a growing metropolis in the north coast Java region, Semarang City has been transforming from a port city to a multifunctioning city. Mercantilism tradition has brought forward the local economy into trade and service dominance, shifting the city to become an important marketplace beyond the peripheral boundaries. Interestingly, the city’s urbanisation growth does not follow ‘a common trend’ in Indonesia (and many parts of the world) characterized by modernized urban fabrics with mixed land use. The city is suffered from fragmented physical urban transformation and separated formal and informal economy. The urban sprawling forces are scattered around the city outskirt while the inner city’s development filled up by discontinued commercial properties. On the other hand, there is ‘a new direction’ of urban movement based on the bottom-up kampong revitalisation. Instead of encouraging more modernized physical and economic space, these kampong settlements have proposed creative economy from below useful to (re- )organising the economic space of the urban region. This paper aims to examine how the recent urban transformation in Semarang City has been fuelled by creative economy activities through which the kampong settlements promote local community resilience. Desk study method accompanied by focus group discussions and field observations is completed in pursuit of data collection and analysis. The primary data source is taken from the Local Development Planning Authority project on creative kampong development since 2016. The preliminary results show that kampong-based creative economy movement at the urban scale is beneficial to enhancing the informal economy and urban settlement development. Participatory governance has been strengthened following income generation in situ even though their contribution to community resilience in the long-term still requires further explorations.
Determinants of Stress and Effects on Performance in Part of Lebanese University Medical Residents During Fourth Quarter of 2019
Authors: Zaylaa Zaynab Toufic , Zaylaa Aicha Toufic , Dana Rouwayda , Merhi Bassem Abou , Adawiye Ahmad Mohamad
Published: August 2021

Background and Objective: Medical residents face challenges that expose them to high risk of developing stress. Stress could reach burnout levels and become harmful to residents and patients. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of stress in current Lebanese University (LU) residents and assessing correlations with some risk factors and consequences. Subjects and Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 130 current LU residents who filled out a questionnaire concerning their demographic data, residency specialty and year, workload, special habits, depression, stress, and frequency of medical errors. Depression and stress scores were obtained using DASS-21 scale. Collected data was analyzed using ANOVA and chi- Square tests in SPSS to find descriptive statistics and correlations. Results: Out of the enrolled residents, 70% had stress ranging between mild and extreme severity. The mean age of the residents was 27.2 years. Females had higher stress than males and gender accounted for 14.1% of variance in stress among residents. Our results implied that internal medicine specialty imposes higher stress than surgery specialty with a significant difference of 4.04 points and working more than 50 hours per week which accounts for 7.6% of variance in stress. Residents had, on average, 4.38 hours of sleep per night and a negative association was found between sleep and stress. Depression was prevalent; 18.5% had severe depression, 3.1% had extremely severe depression, and stress was significantly correlated with it. Similarly, stress was associated with medical errors. No significant correlation was detected between age, marital status, parenting, and residency year, on call duties, or special habits and stress. Conclusion: Stress among medical residents is high due to the different challenges at the personal and occupational level. Stress should be managed especially that it could lead to harmful consequences on the resident’s health and patient’s safety.