bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estudio de la casuística de atenciones en caninos y felinos pre-pandemia y durante la pandemia de Covid-19 (períodos 2019 y 2020) en una veterinaria del distrito de Chorrillos
Authors:   , Chavez Zambrano Christian Alejandro
Published: February 2024

Los centros veterinarios durante la pandemia de la COVID-19, siguieron operando, ofreciendo los servicios de vacunación, baños, desparasitaciones, urgencias y emergencias, incrementando la casuística de atenciones en las historias y registros de las atenciones más frecuentes las que constituyen una fuente de información valiosa desde el punto de vista de la clínica veterinaria. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue diferenciar y comparar los tipos de atenciones registradas en las historias clínicas de todos los pacientes caninos y felinos nuevos, atendidos en la veterinaria Healthy Paws ubicada en el distrito Chorrillos, Lima, Perú, durante los años 2019 pre-pandemia y 2020 durante la pandemia. Se utilizaron las historias clínicas de caninos y felinos del registro total de los periodos indicados, registrando en un documento de software (Excel), clasificándose según tipo de atención como: “no urgente”, “estable”, “urgente”, “muy urgente” y “atención inmediata”, identificando las variables de: sexo, edad y especie de las mascotas, conservando una copia de seguridad de los datos. Los datos obtenidos sobre tipo de atención, periodo de evaluación, edad, sexo y especie a partir de las historias clínicas de atención, fueron reportados en frecuencia absoluta y relativa en tablas de contingencia donde se evaluó cada variable en pre-pandemia y en pandemia. Para evaluar la relación entre el periodo de evaluación y las otras variables, se realizó una prueba de independencia de ji-cuadrado a un nivel de significancia de 5 %. Todos los análisis fueron realizados en Minitab 19 ®. Los resultados muestran que la distribución del tipo de atenciones fue afectada por el periodo de evaluación, observándose un incremento en las atenciones no urgentes de 26.2 % al 39.6 % del periodo pre- pandemia al periodo pandemia. Así mismo, en las atenciones de tipo urgente, muy urgente y atención inmediata, se observó una disminución…
Capacidad diagnóstica de la medición de los pliegues cutáneos para la obesidad general y central en la población peruana: un análisis de cohorte de 5 años
Authors:   , Rios Escalante Cristian Martin , Alban Fernandez Silvia Maria Trixie
Published: February 2024

Las tendencias globales revelan un rápido aumento en la obesidad en general y la obesidad abdominal, que afectan principalmente de manera desproporcionada a América Latina. Es por ello, que se necesitan métodos accesibles y rentables para predecir la obesidad y sus comorbilidades debido al creciente impacto de esta enfermedad. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la capacidad predictiva de la medición de los pliegues cutáneos para la obesidad en general y la obesidad abdominal en una población adulta peruana de 30 años o más durante 5 años. Se analizaron los datos del estudio de cohorte PERU MIGRANT de 5 años, definiendo la obesidad mediante el índice de masa corporal y la circunferencia de la cintura. Se calcularon las curvas características de funcionamiento del receptor (ROC) y el área bajo la curva (AUC) con intervalos de confianza del 95% (IC). Entre los 715 participantes (57.8% hombres), las tasas de prevalencia de obesidad en general y obesidad abdominal a los 5 años fueron del 6.6% y 14.3%, respectivamente. El pliegue cutáneo subescapular fue el mejor predictor de obesidad general en hombres (AUC=0.81, IC del 95%: 0.75-0.88; punto de corte=18.63 mm) y mujeres (AUC=0.77, IC del 95%: 0.67-0.88; punto de corte=21.77). Para la obesidad abdominal, el pliegue cutáneo subescapular mostró el mayor AUC en hombres (AUC=0.83, IC del 95%: 0.77-0.89; punto de corte=17.70), mientras que el pliegue cutáneo subescapular y la suma de todos los pliegues cutáneos mostraron el mayor AUC en mujeres. Los hallazgos resaltan la importancia de medir el pliegue cutáneo subescapular como un indicador de obesidad general en ambos sexos en adultos peruanos. Además, el pliegue cutáneo subescapular y la suma de los pliegues cutáneos demostraron ser indicadores predictivos sólidos para la obesidad abdominal.
Evaluación del impacto de la acidificación en la calidad del agua de la quebrada Quilcayhuanca, Ancash, Perú
Authors:   , Crisanto Rojas Nestor
Published: February 2024

El retroceso glaciar expone rocas sulfuradas que en contacto con el aire y el agua son los que impulsan la meteorización in situ; en consecuencia, las condiciones de pH ácido y altas concentraciones de metales pueden presentarse en el agua, sedimento y el suelo. La finalidad de la investigación fue evaluar el impacto de la acidificación en la calidad del agua por el retroceso glaciar de la Quebrada Quilcayhuanca (Ancash, Perú). Se determinaron los parámetros físico-químicos y se evaluó la toxicidad del agua superficial (AS) y del elutriado del sedimento (ES) mediante los bioensayos con Lemna minor y Daphnia magna. Los resultados de los análisis físico-químicos fueron pH ≤4, conductividad eléctrica (CE) de 380 µS/cm y turbidez de 113 UNT. Las concentraciones de Cd, Pb, Ni y Zn superaron el Estándar de Calidad Ambiental (ECA) agua; mientras que As, Cd, Cu, Pb y Zn, la normativa canadiense de sedimentos; y Cd y As, el ECA suelo. Asimismo, se cuantificó las concentraciones en los que no se observaron efecto (NOEC) de ≤6,25% y 12,5% en las variables de clorosis, formación de hojas y número de frondas para L. minor; y para el peso seco solo en uno de los puntos. En el ensayo de D. magna se determinó una concentración efectiva media para inmovilidad (CE50-48h) de 43,55% y 51,14%, y una concentración letal media (CL50-48h) de 50% y 57,66% para ensayos con ES y AS. La toxicidad del agua por el retroceso glaciar de la Quebrada Quilcayhuanca (Ancash, Perú) es impulsada por el pH, metales pesados y oligoelementos.
A Study on Major Ectoparasites and Associated Skin Diseases of Ruminants in and Around Bishoftu Town, Central Ethiopia
Authors: Amanuel Samson , Getahun Temesgen Kassa
Published: February 2024

A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2018 to April 2019 to evaluate the occurrence of ectoparasites and associated skin diseases in ruminants in and around Bishoftu town, central Ethiopia. A total of 437 ruminants (216 cattle, 141 sheep, and 80 goats) brought to the open-air Veterinary Teaching Hospital (VTH) of the College of Veterinary Medicine, Addis Ababa University, were sampled using simple random sampling. Accordingly, the occurrence of ectoparasites and associated skin diseases was found to be 59% (258), and out of these animals, 195 (44.6%) were infected with ectoparasites, of which 111 (25.4%) were bovine, 27 (6.2%) were caprine, and 57 (13%) were ovine. The major ectoparasite species identified were Amblyomma variegatum (13%), A. gemma (0.7%), A. cohaerens (1.8%), A. nymph (3.2%), H. truncatum (2.7%), Boophilus decoloratus (6.2%), Rhipicephalus pulchellus (1.8%), R. eversi (0.7%), Damalinia ovis (3%), Linognatus vituli (5.5%), Psoroptes (0.7%), Demodex bovis (0.5%), Ctenocephalides canis (0.7%) and Ct. felis (5.03). On the other hand, the associated skin diseases infesting animals were: 63 (14.4%), lumpy skin disease (0.9%), sheep pox (5.5%), goat pox (5%), dermatophilosis (0.2%), contagious ecthyma in caprine (2.1%), and contagious ecthyma in ovine (0.7%). The findings of the present study suggest that ectoparasites and associated skin diseases in and around Bishoftu are still widespread and economically important constraints for the productivity and use of ruminants. Hence, stringent adherence to the control of ectoparasites and associated skin diseases is required as a responsibility of the concerned government body based on professional research results in the study area.
The Effect Of Burning Time On The Amount Of Bacteria Staphylococcus Aureus Contamination Of Grilled Meatballs Sold In Darusssalam, Banda Aceh
Authors: Novita Andi , Ismail Ismail , Khoirunnisa Fathonah , Ferasyi Teuku Reza , Darniati Darniati , Zainuddin Zainuddin
Published: February 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of heating time in the combustion process on Staphylococcus aureus contamination in grilled meatballs. A total of 9 samples of meatballs obtained from 3 sellers of grilled meatballs were divided into 3 treatments, namely burning at temperatures ranging from 56˚C-59˚C for 1 minute, 3 minutes, and 5 minutes, with 3 repetitions. Determination of the number of microbes was carried out using the Total Plate Count (TPC) method. The research data were analyzed using a two-way ANOVA analysis of variance followed by Duncan's test. The results showed that the duration of burning affected the amount of Staphylococcus aureus contamination in grilled meatballs. The best combustion was shown at 5 minutes, with a microbial count of 3.6 × 101 CUF/g. The results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that there was a significant difference (P0.05) in the average value of Staphylococcus aureus microbial contamination in grilled meatballs given treatment. Based on the calculation results, it can be concluded that 5 minutes of burning time is the most effective for decontaminating the amount of Staphylococcus aureus microbial contamination in grilled meatballs.
Herbal flavonoids in preserving testicular physiology under oxidative stress: A bibliometric analysis of systematic reviews
Authors: Zulkifli Baidillah , Fakri Fajar , Gholib Gholib , Akmal Muslim , Adam Mulyadi , Sabri Mustafa , Lubis Triva Murtina , Zainuddin Zainuddin , Zulfitri Zulfitri , Admi Masda , Syah Nanda Yulian , Usrina Nora , Fajri Fauzan
Published: February 2024

Herbal antioxidants have gained attention recently as possible treatments for disorders of male reproductive function linked to oxidative stress because of their ability to neutralize free radicals.The investigation into herbal flavonoids for preserving oxidative stress-impaired testicular physiology has been effectively conducted through the visualization of bibliometric analysis. Bibliometric data of published papers collected from the PubMed and Scopus databases in 2018-2023. Network visualization was performed using VOSviewer software on the set keywords that occur (n=15). The literature review was conducted according to the research trends identified by the clusters that appeared in the network visualization. The result revealed that a total of 266 records have been published based on the specified search set keywords since 2018. Through the analysis of keywords, inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the relevant content of papers, 11 articles were identified as suitable for conducting a literature review. Network visualization revealed that the research falls into two general categories: (1) toxicity to the testicles caused by oxidative stress and (2) prevention of oxidative stress impact on tissue through herbal medicine. Examination of the paper's content revealed that certain antioxidant compounds from plants can stabilize free radicals in the testicles. These antioxidants include vitexin, diosmin, hesperidin, phenolic acids, naphthoquinones, fisetin, pachypodol, sciadopitysin, carvacrol, and morin. However, further research is needed to compare active antioxidant content in different herbal plants and identify optimal concentrations for therapeutic effects.
Interplay Between Element-Specific Distortions and Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution for Cobalt-Iron Hydroxides
Authors: Smith Rodney , Alsaç Elif , Boke Marlyn , Bissonnette Justine
Published: February 2024

A microscopic understanding of how Fe-doping of Co(OH)2 improves electrocatalytic oxygen evolution remains elusive. We study two Co1-xFex(OH)2 series that differ in fabrication protocol and find composition alone poorly correlates to catalyst performance. Structural descriptors extracted using X-ray diffraction, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy reveal element-specific distortions in Co1-xFex(OH)2. These structural descriptors are composition-dependent within individual sample series but inconsistent across fabrication protocols, revealing fabrication-dependence in catalyst microstructure. Correlations between structural parameters from different techniques show that Fe-O resists bond length changes, forcing distortion of Co environments. We find the difference in O-M-O bond angles between Co and Fe sites to correlate with electrocatalytic behavior across both sample series, which we attribute to asymmetric distortion of potential energy surfaces for the Co(III) to Co(IV) oxidation. A Tafel slope consistent with a rate-limiting step without electron transfer emerges as the O-Co-O angle decreases, implying a distortion-induced transition in rate-limiting step. The fabrication dependence of electronic and bonding structure in the catalysts should be considered in theoretical and high-throughput analyses of electrocatalyst materials.
Dairy cattle welfare: knowledge, attitudes and practices of stockpeople from Midlands Province- Zimbabwe’s large-scale dairy farms”
Authors: Matore Zivanayi , Woods Pamela SA , Mutibvu Tonderai
Published: February 2024

Welfare of dairy animals and consequently their health and productivity is influenced by a number of factors such as the quality and quantity of supplement, health care given to animals, and stockpeoples; knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) on animal welfare. Studies have been conducted to evaluate the influence of most of the above factors on welfare of dairy animals, but very few studies focused on the influence of stockpeoples’ KAP on dairy welfare. A cross sectional study involving 93 stockpeople from the 31 large-scale dairy farms in the Midlands Province, Zimbabwe was conducted to determine their KAP on animal welfare. Results revealed that 67% of the stockpeople could not define animal welfare and this was significantly associated with the stockperson’s level of education (χ2 = 12.54, df = 3, p = 0.006). Only 14% of the stockpeople interviewed always talked to dairy cows when handling them and this was significantly associated with gender of the stockperson (χ2 = 10.7, df = 2, p < 0.001). About 20% of the stockpeople responded positively to touching the dairy animals when handling them and this was associated significantly with the stockperson’s gender (p = 0.005). On responses to whipping of animals when driving them, about 90% of the stockpeople said they never whip animals when handling or driving them. It is recommended that further studies be done to find better and more effective ways of teaching animal welfare concepts and practices.
WITHDRAWN: Spirulina C-phycocyanin: extraction, purification, stabilization, and inhibitory potential of key enzymes rRelated to pancreas inflammation, carbohydrate digestion, and glucose metabolism
Authors: Saїdi Saber Abdelkader , Al-Shaikh Turki M. , Hamden Khaled
Published: February 2024

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn, as it was submitted in error. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
A comparative study of retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy via intra and extra perinephric fat approaches
Authors: Tan Qi , Lin Fan , He Yunfeng , Luo Shengjun
Published: February 2024

Objective
To investigate the safety and effectiveness of retroperitoneal adrenalectomy via extra and intra perinephric fat approaches to provide experience and basis for resection of adrenal tumors through the retroperitoneal cavity.
Methods
The clinical data of 284 patients undergoing retroperitoneal adrenalectomy in our hospital from December 2017 to March 2023 were collected. The basic characteristics of the two groups of patients and the changes in perioperative indicators were retrospectively analyzed.
Results
A total of 117 patients with intra perinephric fat approach (IPFA) were included,and 167 patients with extra perinephric fat approach (EPFA) were included. Estimated blood loss,operation time and hospitalization expenses were comparable between the two groups.The estimated blood loss in the IPFA group (123.59 ± 50.76ml) was higher than that in the EPFA group (99.10 ± 99.51ml) (p = 0.015),and the operative time in the IPFA group(105.25 ± 42.25min) was longer than that in the EPFA group(81.75 ± 30.45min) (p = 0.000).The hospitalization expenses of IPFA patients(36306.39 ± 7544.25RMB)was more expensive compared with patients receiving EPFA(32122.77 ± 7284.00RMB)(p = 0.000).There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of tumor size,blood transfusion times and postoperative hospitalization time.
Conclusion
Retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy is a safe and effective procedure that can be performed via extra and intra perinephric fat approaches. IPFA is more than EPFA in terms of estimated blood loss, and the operation time of EPFA is shorter than IPFA. The choice of surgical approach may depend primarily on the experience of the surgeon, the characteristics of adrenal tumor, and the nature of perirenal adipose tissue.
Combined oral contraceptive use and adiposity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: de Medeiros Sebastião Freitas , Junior José Maria Soares , de Medeiros Matheus Antônio Souto , Yamamoto Ana Karine Lin Winck , de Medeiros Cindy Lin Winck , Carvalho Anna Bethany da Silva , Yamamoto Márcia Marly Winck , Baracat Edmund Chada
Published: February 2024

Background.
Combined oral contraceptives (COCs) are of first line treatment of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) who do not intend to become pregnant. PCOS is a heterogeneous condition with subphenotypes with different risks for future development of cardiovascular disease. The combination of COC and PCOS may or may not amplify the risks of cardiovascular events.
Objective.
To investigate whether surrogates for adiposity may be influenced by the use of COCs with different formulations in women with PCOS.
Method.
A literature search was conduct in Google Scholar and Pubmed databases. Hand search of randomized clinical trials in the references of obtained manuscripts was also performed. The search identified 3820 articles and 13 randomized clinical trials in which was possible to compare the results obtained before and after the use of COCs. Random-effects model was used to estimate the standardized mean differences (SMD) and standard erros (SE). Risk of bias was examined using the Rob2 tool.
Result.
Thirteen heterogeneous RCTs reported no difference on waist circumference with the use of different COC formulations (p = 0.714). On the contray, body fat mass increased with the use of pill (p = 0.013). Anthropometric-metabolic biomarkers waist triglyceride index and visceral adiposity index did not change but the lipid accumulation product tended to be higher after use of COCs.
Conclusion.
Combined oral contraceptives with different formulations might increase fat mass accumulation in women with PCOS. Lipids may also be accumulated in the PCOS users.
Prosthetic Maintenance Assessment for Two Implant-Retained Overdentures Reinforced with PEKK versus Co-Cr Framework: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Refai Omnia M. , Salama Heba A.
Published: February 2024

Background: The primary challenge associated with implant-retained overdentures lies in the occurrence of denture fractures around the attachment region. Hence, it is recommended to enhance flexural strength through reinforcement frameworks. This study aimed to assess and compare the prosthetic maintenance of mandibular implant-retained overdentures reinforced with Co-Cr and PEKK frameworks.
Material and Methods: Twenty-four participants with completely edentulous maxillary and mandibular ridges were selected, and two implants were placed at the mandibular canine areas using a two-stage surgical technique with the help of a radiographic and surgical stent. After a three-month osseointegration period, ball attachments were installed. Participants were randomly assigned to two groups based on the prostheses received: Group Ireceived a mandibular implant-retained overdenture reinforced with a Co-Cr framework, while Group II received a mandibular implant-retained overdenture reinforced with a PEKK framework. Both groups were also rehabilitated with a maxillary removable complete denture. Prosthetic maintenance evaluations for mandibular implant-retained overdentures in both groups were conducted twelve months post-denture insertion. Categorical data were analyzed using Fisher's exact test, and results were presented as frequency and percentage values.
Results: Group II exhibited a significantly higher percentage of cases with screw looseness, denture relining, and tooth separation compared to Group I. Although Group II cases showed a non-significant increase in the percentage of insert wear and retention loss.
Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, the findings suggest that Co-Cr, in contrast to PEKK frameworks, offers a more reliable reinforcement of the implant-retained overdentures.
Trial registration: The research was registered retrospectively and published on https://clinicaltrials.gov/ with the NCT number (NCT06219811) and registration date 23/01/2024.
Effect of salivary cotinine levels in beedi smokers and tobacco chewers on periodontal conditions
Authors: Muralidaran Gayathri , DV Nagarathna , Thomas Nithya Annie , Paul Arpita , Babu Ramesh , Thimmaiah Charisma
Published: February 2024

Objective
Tobacco consumption is one of the risk factors for periodontal disorders. This study aims to assess the periodontal health among beedi smokers and tobacco chewers and its correlation to salivary cotinine levels.
Methodology:
60 tobacco-consuming patients between 25–50 years were included in the study. 30 patients were beedi smokers and 30 were smokeless tobacco users. The gingival health was assessed using Gingival Index (GI), Plaque Index (PI) and Sulcular Bleeding Index (SBI). Periodontal health was determined by clinical attachment loss (CAL) and probing pocket depth (PPD). Unstimulated saliva was collected and subjected to Enzyme linked immunoassay (ELISA). The correlation between the number of times smoked or chewed per day and the number of years to clinical and biochemical parameters was done.
Results
The number of beedi smoked daily and number of years smoked was higher than tobacco chewed which was statistically significant (p < 0.001). GI and PI were more significant in beedi smokers than tobacco chewers (p < 0.001). SBI was not significant between both groups (p = 0.859). PPD was more significant in beedi smokers (p = 0.035) but CAL was not significant (p = 0.39). Salivary cotinine is not significant (p = 0.41) and is increased in tobacco chewers (mean = 99.484) than beedi smokers (mean = 94.760).
Conclusion
Beedi smoking has more adverse effects on periodontium than tobacco chewing. Yet tobacco chewing also has its unfavorable effects.
Comparison of arterial spin-labeled perfusion magnetic resonance imaging between the Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder and the control group, ages of 6-12.
Authors: Lim You Bin , Song Huijin , Lee Hyunjoo , Kwon Seo Young , Chun Jeeyoung , Kim Sujin , Lim Seungbee , Tosun Ceren , Yoon Kyung Seu , Sohn Chul-Ho , Kim Bung-Nyun
Published: February 2024

This study utilized Arterial Spin Labeling-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (ASL-MRI) to explore the developmental trajectory of brain activity associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Pulsed arterial spin labeling (PASL) data were acquired from 109 children with ADHD and 58 children in a control group, all aged 6–12 years old. Participants were categorized into the age groups of 6–7, 8–9, and 10–12, after which comparisons were performed between each age group. In total, the ADHD group exhibited significantly lower activity in the left superior temporal gyrus and right middle frontal gyrus regions than the control group. Further analysis revealed: 1) The comparison between the ADHD group (N = 51) aged 6–7 and the age-matched control group (N = 22) showed no statistically significant difference between. 2) However, compared with the control group aged 8–9 (N = 19), the ADHD group of same age (N = 33) showed significantly lower ASL activities in the left postcentral gyrus and left middle frontal gyrus regions. 3) Further, the ADHD group aged 10–12 (N = 25) demonstrated significantly lower activities in the left superior occipital region than the age-matched control group (N = 16). These age-specific differences suggest variations in ADHD-related domains during brain development post age 6–7. Understanding these patterns may enhance ADHD treatment strategies.
Comparing ChatGPT Responses with AHA Guidelines for Assessing Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms: Establishment of a Simple Rating System
Authors: Chang Yu , Lee Po-Hsuan , Huang Chi-Chen , Wong Chia-En , Perng Pang-Shuo , Lee Jung-Shun , Wang Liang-Chao , Huang Chih-Yuan
Published: February 2024

Introduction
Efficient diagnosis and intervention for unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) are crucial for favorable outcomes. Our study aimed to evaluate the accuracy and alignment of Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) with established medical standards by systematically evaluating its responses using the American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines for the management of UIAs as a reference. This initiative bridges advanced artificial intelligence (AI) technology and medical practice norms, and contributes to the discussion on the role of AI in the dissemination of medical information.
Methods
In our collaborative study, we systematically assessed ChatGPT 3.5's responses by posing clinical questions aligned with AHA guidelines and evaluating them on a 1 to 5 scale for agreement and comprehensiveness. This method allowed us to objectively gauge ChatGPT's alignment with AHA medical guidelines.
Results
We introduced a set of ten clinical questions related to UIAs. Within this set, ChatGPT's responses achieved a 5-point rating for four questions. A further four questions were rated 3 points, and the remaining two questions received a score of 2.
Conclusions
By establishing a scoring system, we assessed the accuracy of ChatGPT responses to questions related to UIAs. It provides excellent results for screening, risk factors, and as a diagnostic tool. However, there is room for improvement in terms of the rupture risk and management.
Detection and Genetic Analysis of Bovine Rhinitis B Virus in Japan
Authors: ishida hiroho , Nakamura Mikari , Murakami Hironobu , Kazama Kei , Oba Mami , Takemae Hitoshi , Mizutani Tetsuya , Ouchi Yoshinao , Kawakami Junko , Tsuzuku Satoko , Nagai Makoto
Published: February 2024

Bovine rhinitis B virus (BRBV) (genus: Aphthovirus, family: Picornaviridae), is a significant etiological agent of the bovine respiratory disease complex. Despite global reports on BRBV, genomic data for Japanese strains are unregistered. Herein, we aimed to analyze the genetic characteristics of BRBV in Japan. In nasal swabs from 66 cattle, BRBV was detected in 7/10 and 4/56 symptomatic and asymptomatic cattle, respectively. Metagenomic sequencing and Sanger sequencing identified two Japanese BRBV strains, IBA/2211/2 and LAV/238002, which shared significant genetic similarity with known BRBV strains and exhibited unique mutations and recombination events, indicating dynamic evolution, influenced by regional environmental and biological factors. Notably, the leader gene of LAV/238002 was positioned in a distinct evolutionary lineage, significantly diverging from the other BRBV strains. Phylogenetic analysis based on the amino acid sequence of leader protein showed that both Japanese strains were in a distinctly different clade from other BRBV strains, indicating significant genetic diversity. These findings provide insights into the genetic makeup of the Japanese BRBV strains, enriching our understanding of their genetic diversity and evolutionary mechanisms.
Isolation and genetic characterization of novel bovine parechovirus from Japanese black cattle
Authors: Oba Mami , Shimotori Mayo , Teshima Natsuko , Yamaguchi Lisa , Takemae Hitoshi , Sakaguchi Shoichi , Ishida Hiroho , Murakami Hironobu , Mizutani Tetsuya , Nagai Makoto
Published: February 2024

Novel bovine parechoviruses (Bo_ParVs) were isolated from the feces of Japanese black cattle. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the novel Bo_ParVs formed an independent cluster, exhibiting 72.2%-75.6% nucleotide and 85.7%-87.0% amino acid sequence identities with previous Bo_ParVs, suggesting that these strains represent a new genotype. Bo_ParVs, including the novel Bo_ParVs, shared sequence similarity with each other in the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) and exhibited low sequence identities (< 38.9%) to other parechoviruses. However, secondary structure prediction of the 3'UTR revealed that Bo_ParVs shared conserved motifs with the Parechovirus-B and E viruses, suggesting that they have evolved in the same manner.
Bioinformatics identification of key microRNA correlated genes for the development and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Su Guomiao , Li Yanxi , Wang Juan , Liu Shiyue , Pan Guoqing , Zhan Dong
Published: February 2024

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common histological subtype in primary liver cancer. This study aimed to develop a miRNA-correlated (MIRcor) gene signature, which provided a theoretical foundation for the prognosis and therapy of patients with HCC. The MIRcor genes in HCC were obtained using correlation analysis of the miRNA-mRNA relationship pairs extracted from three databases. Subsequently, consensus clustering was performed in HCC samples based on the MIRcor genes and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between HCC and normal samples. The MIRcor-related differentially expressed genes (MIRcor-DEGs) in patients with HCC were identified by overlapping with the DEGs above. Additionally, the univariate Cox and Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis extracted the prognostic genes. The risk model was constructed using the TCGA-HCC dataset and validated using the ICGC-HCC dataset. Independent prognostic predictors were authenticated using Cox analysis. Furthermore, immune microenvironment analysis between high- and low-risk groups was performed. On analysing MIRcor-DEGs, we identified five prognostic genes which were used to construct a MIRcor-DEGs-related gene signature. Furthermore, we analysed the expression of five prognostic genes at protein and mRNA levels through Western Blot and RT-PCR. The risk score and T stage were demonstrated as credible independent prognostic predictors using Cox regression analysis. Through our study, 11 kinds of immune cells were significantly different between the high- and low-risk groups. Totally, five prognostic genes were identified to be highly expressed in the normal group compared to the HCC group. A risk model of patients with HCC was constructed using these prognostic genes, which provided a theoretical basis and reference value for HCC management.
A SHAP-based controversy analysis through communities on Twitter
Authors: Benslimane Samy , Papastergiou Thomas , Azé Jérôme , Bringay Sandra , Servajean Maximilien , Mollevi Caroline
Published: February 2024

Controversy encompasses content that draws diverse perspectives, along with positive and negative feedback on a specific event, resulting in the formation of distinct user communities. Research on controversy can be broadly categorized into two domains: controversy detection/quantification, which aims to measure controversy on a topic, and controversy explainability, which seeks to comprehend the reasons behind a topic’s controversial nature. This paper primarily contributes to the realm of controversy explainability. We conduct an analysis of topic discussions on Twitter from a community perspective, investigating the role of text in accurately classifying tweets into their respective communities. To achieve this, we introduce a SHAP-based pipeline designed to quantify the influence of impactful text features on the predictions of three tweet classi-fiers. Our approach involves leveraging various text features, including BERT , TF − IDF, and LIWC. The results, derived from both SHAP plots and statistical analyses, distinctly reveal the substantial impact of certain text features in tweet classification. Furthermore, our findings underscore the significance of this study and underscore the potential advantages of combining text and user interactions for a comprehensive understanding of controversy quantification.
Lessons Learned on Social Health Integration: Evaluating a Novel Social Health Integration and Social Risk-Informed Care Online Continuing Medical Education Course for Primary Care Providers
Authors: Bojkov Elizabeth , Papajorgji-Taylor Dea , Paolino Andrea R. , Dorsey Caitlin N. , Barnes Katheen A. , Brown Meagan C.
Published: February 2024

Background
Adjusting clinical care to account for social risks and needs is vital to patient-centered care, but little attention has been paid to implementing it in routine practice. Kaiser Permanente co-designed and developed a continuing medical education (CME) course to orient providers to adjustment activities, or social risk-informed care. We evaluated the dissemination and implementation of this course.
Methods
We evaluated the dissemination and implementation of the online CME using the RE-AIM implementation framework and the Kirkpatrick model of evaluation for training and learning programs. Administrative records and completion reports were generated to track dissemination and completion. A pre- and post-survey design was utilized to assess provider changes in knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and self-efficacy in delivering social risk-informed care, and semi-structured interviews were conducted to describe effectiveness of the online CME, adoption of social risk-informed care, and sustainability of the online CME and other KP social health integration initiatives.
Results
From April 2022-February 2023, 82 individuals completed the online CME; 52 participants completed the pre-survey and 38 completed the post-survey. A total of 17 interviews were conducted over two phases of qualitative data collection (passive dissemination versus active dissemination). Interviewees felt the online CME provided foundational knowledge in social health and social risk-informed care but requested more region- and role-specific resources. They also identified several systems-level barriers to social health integration.
Conclusion
Co-designing medical education courses with various stakeholders is vital to ensuring relevant and effective educational material. However, high-quality, intentionally designed educational material needs to be complemented with multifaceted and targeted implementation strategies to achieve intended provider behavior change and improved patient outcomes.
Novel Analysis of Nonlinear Seventh Order Kaup-Kupershmidt Equation via the Caputo Operator
Authors: Ganie Abdul Hamid , Mallik Saurav , AlBaidani Mashael M. , Khan Adnan , Shah Mohd Asif
Published: February 2024

In this work, we use two unique methodologies namely the homotopy perturbation transform method and Yang transform decomposition method to solve the fractional nonlinear seventh order Kaup-Kupershmidt (KK) problem. The physical phenomena that arise in chemistry, physics, and engineering are mathematically explained in this equation. In particular, nonlinear optics, quantum mechanics, plasma physics, fluid dynamics and so on. The provided methods are used to solve the fractional nonlinear seventh order KK problem, along with the Yang transform and the fractional Caputo derivative. The results are significant and necessary for exploring a range of physical processes. This paper uses modern approaches and the fractional operator in this situation to develop satisfactory approximations to the offered problem. To solve the fractional KK equation, we first use the Yang transform and the fractional Caputo derivative. When the suggested approaches are used, the results are compared to the exact solution. By comparing the outcomes with the precise solution using graphs and tables, we can verify the efficacy of the offered strategies. Also, the outcomes of using the suggested methods at various fractional orders are examined, demonstrating that the findings get more accurate as the value moves from fractional order to integer order. Moreover, the offered methods are innovative, simple, and quite accurate, demonstrating that they are effective approaches for resolving any differential equations.
Enhancing Emotional State Detection Using EEG Data With A Multi-Model Deep Learning Approach
Authors: immanuel Rajeswari , SKB Sangeetha
Published: February 2024

Human emotion is the mind's reaction to external stimuli. Since human emotions are dynamic and hard to predict in the real world, studies focusing on this area have gained a lot of importance. Emotion recognition using EEG(electroencephalogram) signals has recently seen prevalent use of many deep learning and machine learning techniques.In this paper, we have used a real time dataset which includes 15 subjects (7 Males and 8 Females) and their EEG signals are recorded using video stimuli. The real time data is preprocessed and features are extracted from the preprocessed data using different feature extraction methods. The accuracy and loss of model are calculated and compared with raw and preprocessed data. The proposed model - EEGEM (Electroencephalogram Ensemble Model) is compared with other machine and deep learning techniques. EEGEM is a ensemble model with the combination of LSTM and CNN together to achieve the desired output. The accuracy achieved using this model is 95.56% and it has outperformed other existing models.
Application of preoperative ultrasound-guided injection of nano-carbon for central lymph node dissection in papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Wang Ying , Si Yan , Wu Jing , Lu Hui , Wei Jifu , Ding Qiang
Published: February 2024

Objective: To explore a better tracing of central lymph nodes in papillary thyroid carcinoma patients by comparing the differences in number and staining of central lymph nodes and in nano-carbon extravasation between preoperative ultrasound- guided injection and intraoperative injection of nano-carbon.
Methods: Totally 302 patients were randomly divided into a preoperative ultrasound- guided injection group and an intraoperative injection group. The number and staining of lymph nodes in each sub-area of the central region were recorded and analyzed, including linea alba cervical lymph nodes, Delphian lymph nodes, and pretracheal and paratracheal lymph nodes.
Results: Nano-carbon is prone to infiltration to the extraglandular area when injected intraoperatively. Significantly more linea alba cervical lymph nodes and pretracheal and paratracheal lymph nodes were detected in the preoperative injection group. Preoperative injection of nano-carbon can accelerate the staining and detection of central lymph nodes in patients complicated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, with clinically lymph node positivity (cN1) assessed before surgery, or with tumor diameter >1 cm.
Conclusion: Preoperative ultrasound-guided injection of nano-carbon can reduce dye spillover and improve the staining rate and detection rate of central lymph nodes.
Parallel Genetic Algorithm Interface II: A novel computational tool for accelerated simulation-based optimization
Authors: Furda Patrik , Variny Miroslav , Myšiak Juraj
Published: February 2024

The ever increasing power of computational tools encouraged by the general need for development of more sustainable technologies fuels the interest in modern optimization approaches. While simulation-based optimization has been receiving considerable attention in the past decades, it still struggles to overcome some challenges, namely excessive computation time. This study proposes a novel optimization interface, the Parallel Genetic Algorithm Interface II (PAGAN-II), which utilizes parallelization of flowsheet simulations to drastically reduce the optimization time without the need to use clustered CPUs and/or modified optimization algorithms. Results of a detailed performance study showed up to 2100% increase in computation rate when optimizing demanding process flowsheets; and approximately 300% increase when optimizing simple ones. Capabilities of the proposed interface were demonstrated by optimization of a 5 MTPA C3MR LNG technology processing 12 different feedstocks, where a 15–30% decrease in the specific energy consumption was achieved. At the same time, the algorithm increased the optimization speed 13-fold compared to the traditional approach. This translates into a reduction of optimization time from 69 days of non-stop computation to approximately 7 days.
The therapeutic effects of probiotics on core and associated behavioral symptoms of autism spectrum disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lee Jen-Chin , Chen Chia-Min , Sun Cheuk-Kwan , Tsai I-Ting , Cheng Yu-Shian , Chiu Hsien‐Jane , Wang Ming Yu , Tang Yen-Hsiang , Hung Kuo-Chuan
Published: February 2024

Background
The current study aimed at investigating the efficacies of probiotics in alleviating the core and associated symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), which was not adequately addressed in the literature.
Methods
Randomized placebo-controlled trials were identified through searching major electronic databases from inception to Nov 2023. The outcome of interests included improvements in the total and associated symptoms of ASD. Outcomes were quantitatively expressed as effect size (ES) based on standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI).
Results
Ten studies with 522 participants (mean age: 8.11) were included in this meta-analysis. The primary results revealed a significant improvement in the total symptoms of ASD in individuals receiving probiotics compared with the controls (SMD= -0.19, p = 0.03, ten studies with 522 participants) but not in the core symptoms of ASD including repetitive restricted behaviors and problems with social behaviors or communication. Subgroup analyses demonstrated an association between a significant improvement in the total symptoms of ASD and the use probiotics relative to their controls only in studies that used multiple-strain probiotics (SMD= -0.26, p = 0.03, five studies with 288 participants) but not in those using single-strain probiotics. Our results on secondary outcomes only showed a significantly greater improvement in adaptation (SMD = 0.37, p = 0.03, three studies with 139 participants) and a trend of greater improvement in symptoms of anxiety in the probiotics group than that in the control group (SMD= -0.29, 95% CI: -0.60 to 0.02, p = 0.07, three studies with 163 participants) but failed to show greater improvement in the probiotics group regarding the symptoms of irritability/aggression, hyperactivity/impulsivity, inattention and parental stress.
Conclusions
Our study supported the use of probiotics for alleviating the overall behavioral symptoms of ASD, mainly in those receiving multiple-strain probiotics as supplements. However, rather than improvement in the core symptoms of ASD, probiotics use was only associated with greater improvement in adaptation and perhaps anxiety. Nevertheless, our results, which were derived from a limited number of available trials, warrant further large-scale clinical investigations for verification.
The species and abundance of gut bacteria jointly mediate a positive impact on Phortica okadai behavior
Authors: Li Di , Wang Lingjun , Wang Liang , Gou Yanting , Luo Bo , Yan Rong , Liu Hui
Published: February 2024

Background
Gut bacteria, serving as essential modulators, exert a significant impact on insect physiology and behavior, holding substantial potential for application in pest management. The dynamics of gut bacteria and the impact on Phortica okadai behavior remain unclear.
Methods
In this study, the dynamics of gut bacterial at different developmental stages in P. okadai was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and the species and abundance of gut bacteria that affect host behavior were examined by behavioral experiments.
Results
As a result, a total of 19 phyla, 29 classes, 74 orders, 101 species, and 169 genera were identified. The results of the behavioral experiments indicated that the species, including Lactiplantibacillus argentoratensis, Acetobacter tropicalis, Leuconostoc citreum, and Levilactobacillus brevis, exhibited an effective influence on the feeding preference of P. okadai and the single-bacteria-seeded P. okadai exhibited feeding preferences distinct from germ-free and wild-type.
Conclusions
Overall, this study not only demonstrates the dynamics of gut bacteria in P. okadai but, significantly, also posits novel evidence. It suggests that beyond the gut bacteria species, the abundance also positively influences host behavior. These findings contribute to the development of novel pest control strategies for preventing agricultural pests and vectors.
Effect of hepatitis B viral loads on gestational abnormal alanine aminotransferase modified by age
Authors: Tao Xing-Ran , Yan Qiao , Yu Wen-Jing , Han Guorong
Published: February 2024

Background
Little research has been conducted to investigate whether age can modify the impact of hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication on alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels during pregnancy in women with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). We initially hypothesized that maternal age might modify the relationship between HBV DNA levels and gestational ALT levels.
Methods
In a retrospective cohort study, 1205 pregnant women with CHB delivered at the Second Hospital of Nanjing between January 2021 and January 2023. Our objective was to analyze the association between different levels of HBV DNA and the risk of gestational abnormal ALT levels, adjusting for age using modified Poisson regression.
Results
Our research indicated that individuals with high HBV DNA levels of 2000 IU/ml or higher were more probable to experience abnormal ALT with a relative risk of 2.64 (P < 0.01) and a high ALT level (RR = 1.25, P < 0.01) after adjusting for covariates. Considering the age, women with high HBV DNA aged 35 and above had an even higher risk of gestational abnormal ALT (RR = 3.70, P < 0.01) and a high level of ALT (RR = 1.44, P < 0.01). However, the risk of ALT abnormality in women with low HBV DNA would not modify by age.
Conclusion
Women with CHB may experience significant gestational ALT abnormalities, so they should frequently monitor ALT during pregnancy and receive timely treatment.
Real-time implementation of IoT Enabled Cyber Attack Detection System (IoT-E-CADS) in Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) using Machine Learning Technique (MLT)
Authors: K Naveeda , S.M.H. Sithi Shameem Fathima
Published: February 2024

The introduction of Internet of Things (IoT) and Smart Energy Meters (SEM) in power grid expects high level cyber security for properly operating the system. This paper proposes an IoT Enabled Cyber Attack Detection System (IoT-E-CADS) in Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) using Machine Learning Technique (MLT). The proposed Bi-level IoT-E-CADS is working in the industry standards for the detection of two types of attacks in the smart grid environment. In the first level, the Isolation Forest machine learning algorithm is used to find the cyber attacks and anomaly detection in real time system. In the second level, Decision Tree machine learning algorithm is used to find the cyber attacks and False Data Injection in a real time system. The designed hardware is implemented and tested at Quantanics Techserv Pvt. Ltd., located in Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India. This company has AMI facility with 10 smart meters, one data concentrator and dedicated server system. The company energy profile and all electrical parameters are monitored and stored using AMI facility. The proposed IoT-E-CADS successfully implemented in this location and detect the manually created two types of cyber attacks. Based on the obtained results, it is observed that the IoT-E-CADS is able to detect cyber threats with the accuracy level of 95% and provides a complete cyber security solutions for secured monitoring unit in commercial environment