bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of the clinical significance of serum albumin level in Preeclampsia and in the detection of its severity
Authors: Al Ghazali Basima , Al-Taie Ahlam
Published: November 2020

Pre-eclampsia is a form of severe disorder of pregnancy, leading to maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Many biochemical markers of preeclampsia have been recognized in maternal serum one of them is serum albumin. The objective of this study is to determine whether plasma albumin level (ALB) is associated with preeclampsia (PE) complications and to evaluate the usefulness of its level as a marker of preeclampsia severity. The studied group were collected in the labour word. First group were normotensive as a control group, the second group with a gestational hypertension, the third group were mild preeclampsia and fourth group had sever preeclampsia. A comparison of the characteristic of each group and the correlation between serum albumin levels and gestational age at time of delivery, pregnancy complications and outcome were statistically analyzed. The results are showed that serum albumin level had statistically significant decline at (P≤0.01) in severe preeclampsia with mean level (2.618-0.328) than in mild preeclampsia (3.155-0.293) in comparison to hypertensive and control group (3.500-0.386), (4.076-1.448) respectively so there is positive correlation between serum albumin levels and severity of disease. We are concluded that serum albumin level in pre-eclampsia can be used as a significant determinant of disease severity and may be used as a useful marker for predicting time of delivery or termination of pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes.
Study of analgesic property of diacerein in rat
Authors: Upadhyay Rajlaxmi , Siddhartha Goutam , Upadhyay Manas Ranjan , Swain Trupti Rekha
Published: November 2020

Background: Diacerein has been known as an anti-osteoarthritic agent that is usually given along with other analgesic drugs. Still there is no evidence of the analgesic effect of diacerein alone. So this pilot study was undertaken to assess the analgesic property at supra-spinal level by using the tail-flick method.Methods: Diacerein at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg was given to Albino wistar rats weighing approximately 100-200 grams along with distilled water as placebo. All drugs were given by oral routes and the analgesic effect was evaluated using analgesiometer at baseline, 15 min, 30 min, 60 min and 120 min. Analgesic activity was measured as change in tail flick latency from baseline in animals.Results: Diacerein showed significant increase in tail flick latency and showed promising analgesic activity compared to placebo starting from 15 mins till 60 mins. However the effect persisted up to one hour only and after which it started decreasing.Conclusions: Diacerein at all the three doses possess dose dependant analgesic activity that is maximally effective up to 60 minutes.
The ulnar digital artery perforator flap for little finger reconstruction
Authors: Jain Aakansh , Singh Sandesh Bharat , Mishra Abhijat , Singh A. K.
Published: November 2020

An ulnar digital artery perforator flap has been used for little finger reconstruction. The flap is found to have a reliable blood supply, it is being perfused by a constant sizeable perforator. This paper helps describes a case report of a patient with injury to little finger with exposed bone for which a ulnar digital artery perforator flap was done. The position of the perforator was confirmed intraoperatively by an exploratory incision before committing to the distal incision. The flap used to cover the flexor aspect of the little finger has given good result.
Is School Funding Unequal in Latin America?: A Cross-country Analysis
Authors: Bertoni Eleonora , Elacqua Gregory , Marotta Luana , Martínez Matias , Santos Humberto , Soares Sammara
Published: November 2020

Public spending on education has increased significantly in Latin America over the last decades. However, less is known whether increased spending has been translated into a more equitable distribution of resources within countries in the region. This study addresses this gap by measuring the inequality in per-pupil spending between regions with different levels of socioeconomic status (SES) within five Latin American countries: Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. Results show that Brazil, a federal country, has the widest socioeconomic funding gap due to large inequalities in local revenues between high and low SES regions. However, the country's funding gap has narrowed over time. School funding in Colombia has become more regressive over time, but its gap is half the size of the one in Brazil. The distribution of school funding in Peru has changed over time from being regressive-benefiting the richest regions-to being progressive-benefiting the poorest regions. Education spending in Chile and in Ecuador are, on the other hand, consistently progressive. However, while the progressiveness of funding in Ecuador is driven by transfers targeted at disadvantaged rural areas, the funding formulas in Chile addresses socioeconomic inequalities beyond the rural-urban gap.
The genetic structure of Pristimantis latro (Anura: Craugastoridae) mirrors traits of their life history
Authors: Santana-Cornélio Gilcilene , Araújo-de-Oliveira Elciomar , Magalhães-Xavier Keila , Barros-da-Silva Gabriela Wemilly , Ribeiro Rodrigues Luis Reginaldo , Hernández-Ruz Emil José
Published: November 2020

One of the main hypotheses to explain the origin of Amazonian diversity is the barrier effect of the rivers known as the riverine-barrier hypothesis, which suggests that riverine barriers isolated once continuous populations leading to differentiation and speciation. In this context, we studied the genetic structure of Pristimantis latro, a newly described species that inhabits a region under marked anthropic pressure due to expansive livestock, illegal mining, and hydroelectric dam construction. The DNA was extracted from 52 P. latro individuals and then amplified via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using the mitochondrial 16S rRNA and COI markers. To infer the time of divergence between the P. latro localities, we built a species tree and performed an analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) to infer the genetic differentiation between and within the P. latro populations. We found that P. latro has a marked genetic structure in the populations of the right and left margins of the Xingu River and within the Tapajós-Xingu and Xingu-Tocantins interfluvial regions and that the time of divergence between the populations of the East and West banks of the Xingu River occurred approximately 380,000 years ago. This pattern of genetic structure corresponds to that reported in recent articles for the Pristimantis genus evidencing that species without tadpoles exhibit a genetic structure explained by the hypothesis of rivers as barriers.
MASS-SPECTROMETRIC STUDIES OF THE DYNAMICS OF EXHALED AIR COMPOSITION DURING DYNAMIC POSTURAL EFFECTS
Authors:   Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of RAS,  Saint Petersburg, Russia, Kuzmin A. G. , Titov Yu. A. ,   Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of RAS,  Saint Petersburg, Russia, Suvorov N. B. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Institute of experimental medicine", Saint Petersburg, Russia, Kuropatenko M. V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Institute of experimental medicine", Saint Petersburg, Russia
Published: November 2020

The paper studies the possibility of using a quadrupole gas mass spectrometer as part of a diagnostic complex based on a rotary (mechanorgical) table to assess the effectiveness of the dynamic postural effects on patients. Analysis of the obtained mass spectrograms indicates that the response of patients is individual and can vary significantly. Taking into account the mass spectrometric parameters of exhaled air allows the patient to be assigned to a specific group. Information on the concentration of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the patient's exhalation, as well as the analysis of the envelope shape of the measured dynamic mass spectrograms can be used for comprehensive diagnostics of the patient's condition in addition to the data of the main sensors in the complex.
SAÚDE MENTAL E EDUCAÇÃO: TRAJETÓRIA DE ESCOLARIZAÇÃO DOS USUÁRIOS DE UM CENTRO DE ATENÇÃO PSICOSSOCIAL
Authors: Campos Ioneide De Oliveira , Magalhâes Yasmim Bezerra
Published: November 2020

Objetivo: descrever e analisar a experiência dos usuários de um serviço de saúde mental acerca de suas trajetórias de escolarização, assim como o resgate do ensino por meio da Educação de Jovens e Adultos. Método: pesquisa descritiva e analítica, de abordagem qualitativa, realizada com usuários que frequentavam a Educação de Jovens e Adultos, os quais foram entrevistados. Posteriormente, seus discursos foram categorizados e analisados. Resultados: predominaram, na argumentação dos participantes, as interrupções com o contato escolar e a ausência de suporte social e familiar, que os impediu de alcançar suas metas iniciais de realização, as quais precisaram ser adaptadas ou substituídas. As motivações para o retorno à escolarização consideraram a entrada de novos agentes de cuidado, a busca pela autonomia e o prazer em desenvolver habilidades e expressão pela arte. Conclusão: as trajetórias narradas foram atravessadas por rupturas e perdas de projetos de vida, incluindo a educação. As motivações para o retorno à escolarização apareceram como busca pela autonomia. A Educação de Jovens e Adultos surgiu como espaço de experimentação, de novas escolhas e de construção de vínculos afetivos e sociais.

Descritores: Educação. Saúde Mental. Autonomia. Aprendizagem. Serviços de Saúde Mental
Hyperboreans in Greece. Opis, Arga and Other Messengers of the Twin Gods
Authors: Matveychev O.A.
Published: November 2020

The article analyzes the messages of ancient Greek and Latin authors about visits to ancient Greece by natives of the legendary country of Hyperborea, traditionally associated with the image of Apollo. Particular attention is paid to the figures of the Hyperborean gift-givers Arga (Hecaërge) and Opis, who established the cult of Artemis and Apollo on Delos. It is noted that their names as written by Greek authors are the epithets of Apollo and Artemis. The evolution of both images of virgins gift-givers and the epithets of twin gods in a historical and religious context is analyzed.
Of Soft Skills and Remote Work: The English Discipline Was Made for a Pandemic
Authors:   University of Cincinnati, Beckelhimer Lisa
Published: November 2020

COVID-19 forced English students interning, conducting digital research, and producing a literary journal to hone disciplinary skills in editing, revision, web design, and publication production, as well as “soft skills” (Indeed 2020) such as effective communication, organization, teamwork, and adaptability. Students involved in the University of Cincinnati’s literary journal, Short Vine, issued a call for manuscripts for the special issue “Quarantine Chronicles.”
Contributions Made by Undergraduates to Research Projects: Using the CREDIT Taxonomy to Assess Undergraduate Research Experiences
Authors:   Oregon Health and Science University, Honoré Matt , Keller Thomas E. ,   Portland State University, Lindwall Jen ,   Portland State University, Crist Rachel , Bienen Leslie ,   Oregon Health and Science University, Zell Adrienne ,   Oregon Health and Science University
Published: November 2020

The authors developed the CREDIT URE to define and measure roles performed by undergraduates working in research placements. Derived from an open-source taxonomy for determining authorship credit, the CREDIT URE defines 14 possible roles, allowing students and their research mentors to rate the degree to which students participate in each role. The tool was administered longitudinally across three cohorts of undergraduate student-mentor pairs involved in a biomedical research training program.
Producción inteligente: Diseño de un modelo para el proceso de implementación de Cadenas de Suministros Inteligentes
Authors: Villegas Jiménez Eliécer , Madrigal Sánchez Johanna , Dirnberger Johannes
Published: November 2020

La Administración de la Cadena de Suministros y la inclusión de la tecnología como unaherramienta para su eficiencia, lo que hoy se denomina Cadenas de Suministro Inteligentes.Este tema es de alta importancia para las empresas en la actualidad, por esta razón el presenteartículo hace una revisión de este bajo dos escenarios, el primero basado en el procesoutilizado por las empresas de manufactura en Costa Rica para su Cadena de Suministros y elsegundo fue orientado a entender la implementación de un enfoque inteligente de acuerdo conel criterio de expertos austriacos. Tomando como base la información recolectada, el estudiodiseña un modelo para la gestión de cadenas de suministro inteligentes con las característicasmás relevantes para cada escenario. Finalmente, el análisis permitió concluir que actualmentela información en tiempo real es esencial para la Administración de la Cadena de Suministros.
Optimización de máquinas reconfigurables CNC por medio de interfaz de control inteligente
Authors: Sanabria Manuel
Published: November 2020

En este documento será expresado el funcionamiento de las maquinas reconfigurables CNC, suimplementación, además de un desarrollo de control inteligente desarrollado en el Tecnológicode Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, a lo largo del segundo semestre del 2015. Estedocumento es en sí mismo un ejemplo de los diferentes controles que se pueden implementaren las maquinasCNC.Para realizar una ejemplificación adecuada se adjuntarán gráficos e imágenes que permitandetallar el control y los beneficios de su implementación con el fin de optimizar la operación dela maquinasCNC.
ELEMENTI KULTURE I CIVILIZACIJE U UDŽBENIKU ZA NJEMAČKI JEZIK MENSCHEN A2
Authors: Polić Belma S.
Published: November 2020

U radu se: 1) prezentuje uloga elemenata kulture i civilizacije u nastavi stranog jezika kako bi se uočio njihov značaj i obligatornost u nastavnom procesu, s obzirom da su jezik i kultura usko povezane sastavnice ljudskog bivstvovanja; 2) analizira udžbenik Menschen A2, koji se koristi u nastavi njemačkog kao stranog jezika u mnogim eminentnim školama stranih jezika, kako bi se moglo doći do zaključka da li navedeni udžbenik sadrži dovoljno materijala u kom se tretiraju elementi kulture i civilizacije; 3) klasificiraju elementi kulture i civilizacije ekscerpirani iz analiziranog udžbenika kako bi se došlo do odgovora na pitanje: da li su zastupljena sva tri ključna pristupa (kognitivni, komunikativni i interkulturalni) prilikom obrade sadržaja civilizacije u analiziranom udžbeniku. Analiza je pokazala da analizirani udžbenik sadrži dovoljno zadataka i vežbi iz oblasti kulture i civilizacije, te da su u obradi ovih sadržaja podjednako zastupljena sva tri navedena pristupa.
Rok 1338 w ustrojowo-prawnych dziejach Śląska
Authors: Ptak Marian J.
Published: November 2020

The year 1338 in the political and legal history of Silesia

The article is an attempt to examine the political and legal events in Silesia in 1338, usually left out of analyses because of their authors’ concentration on the previous year. The present author tackles the problem of vassal dukes of Głogów, their fi ght for the Duchy of Głogów, political activity of free dukes in the Duchy of Świdnica and Jawor, union of the Duchies of Opava and Racibórz as well as royal territories in Silesia and their system of governance.

 

Das Jahr 1338 in der staatsrechtlichen Geschichte SchlesiensDie Bearbeitung ist ein Versuch, sich mit den staatsrechtlichen Geschehnissen im Jahr 1338 in Schlesien zu befassen, die in der Regel außerhalb des Interessenbereiches der bisherigen Autoren blieben, da sie sich des Öfteren auf das vergangene Jahr konzentrierten. Sie wurde dem Problem der Glogauer Lehenfürsten und ihrem Kampf um das Fürstentum Glogau, der politischen Aktivität der freien Fürsten im Herzogtum Schweidnitz und Jauer, der Union der Troppauer und Ratiborer Herzöge sowie der königlichen Territorien in Schlesien und dem System ihrer Verwaltung gewidmet.
Sędziowie śledczy do spraw wyjątkowego znaczenia w II Rzeczypospolitej
Authors: Koredczuk Józef
Published: November 2020

Investigating judges for matters of special importance in the Second Polish Republic

Investigating judges for matters of special importance, established in 1927, did not draw on the French model of investigating judges we found in the Code of the Criminal Procedure, but on the Russian model providing for judges for matters of special importance. They were judges in charge of proceedings in the most diffi cult, complicated, especially important cases beyond the competence of district investigating judges. With time they were also entrusted with political cases (e.g. of individuals accused in the Brest trials). The judges not only presided over proceedings of special importance, but also had a unique legal status. They were appointed at the Court of Appeal, but were subordinated to the Minister of Justice (Chief Prosecutor), who decided which cases would be entrusted to them, which made the institution not only unique but also political.

 

Ermittlungsrichter für Angelegenheiten von besonderer Bedeutung in der Zweiten Polnischen Republik

Die im Jahre 1927 bestellten Ermittlungsrichter [sędzia śledczy] für Angelegenheiten von besonderer Bedeutung, knüpften nicht an das französische Modell der Ermittlungsrichter an, mit dem wir in der Strafprozessordnung zu tun hatten, sondern an das russische Modell, das Richter für Angelegenheiten von besonderer Bedeutung vorsah. Es waren Richter, die schwierigste, äußerst komplizierte und besonders wichtige Verfahren führten, die über den Kompetenzbereich eines Bezirksermittlungsrichters hinausreichten. Mit der Zeit beauftragte man sie auch mit Sachen politischen Charakters (z.B. mit der Vertretung der im Brester Prozess angeklagten Personen). Die erwähnten Richter führten Sachen von besonderer Bedeutung und ihr Rechtstatus war auch ein besonderer. Obwohl sie beim Appellationsgericht [sąd apelacyjny] bestellt waren, so oblagen sie sachlich dem Justizminister (Oberstaatsanwalt), der über die ihnen anzuvertrauenden Sachen entschied. Auf diese Weise wurde aus einer außergewöhnlichen Institution noch eine politische.
Dyspersja administracji jako przyczyna niepomijalności administracji publicznej
Authors: Korczak Jerzy
Published: November 2020

W artykule prezentowany jest pogląd o nieograniczoności rozrostu zjawiska administracyjnego pod wpływem przemian cywilizacyjnych. Przedstawione zostaną poszczególne jego przyczyny i czynniki kształtujące, w wyniku których administracja otrzymuje nowe zadania do wykonania. W konsekwencji rozrostu zadań następuje rozrost jej struktur, ale też przekształcenia w zakresie form działania. Jak zostanie wykazane, proces dyspersji ma charakter obiektywny i nie jest wynikiem działania samej administracji, lecz czynników zewnętrznych.
O niepomijalnej roli gminy w obszarze zadań administracji świadczącej
Authors: Cendrowicz Dominika
Published: November 2020

Celem artykułu jest analiza roli gminy w obszarze zadań administracji świadczącej. Gmina, będąca podstawową jednostką samorządu terytorialnego, realizuje liczne zadania z zakresu administracji świadczącej. Są to zadania o znaczeniu lokalnym i publicznym, które z punktu widzenia obywateli są często o wiele ważniejsze niż sprawy wagi państwowej. Wynika to z istoty zadań administracji świadczącej.
Ten new species of Globba section Globba from continental South-East Asia
Authors:   Forest Herbarium, Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation, 61 Phahonyothin Road, Latyao, Bangkok 10900, Thailand., Sangvirotjanapat Sunisa , Trần Hữu Ðăng ,   Becamex Institute of Research and Development, Becamex IDC Corp., 08, Hung Vuong St., Hoa Phu Ward, Thu Dau Mot City, Binh Duong Province, Vietnam, Newman Mark F. ,   Royal Botanic Garden, 20A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, Scotland
Published: November 2020

Ten new species of Globba from Thailand and Vietnam are described and illustrated; Globba amnicola, G. amplectens, G. conferta, G. dasycarpa, G. grandis, G. hilaris, G. impar, G. nitida, G. verecunda and G. williamsiana. Distribution maps and IUCN provisional assessments of each species are provided.
Knowing the Students’ Game-Playing Characteristics as a Prerequisite for Successful Gamification in Education
Authors: Jaftha Nevena , Pinto Flavia Cristina Morone , Chircop Tatjana
Published: November 2020

Gamification is only successful if the key elements are joint and run in unity in favour of the user, and knowing game-playing characteristics of target audience is of utmost importance. This study aimed to identify the students' game-playing preferences and styles, considering the opportunity to implement gamification in education in a personalized way. A descriptive-normative survey involved 74 students of a Vocational Education and Training (VET) Institution, chosen by convenience sampling. The target audience of the research was students at the MQF introductory level A and B (17.6%), at MQF level 2 (40.5%) and at MQF level 3 (41.91%). Participants received a questionnaire about game-playing preferences and styles. Students’ average age was 18.31±0.776 years, 70.3% males and 29.7% females (p=0.001), and the majority were Maltese (79.7%; p=0.000). Most of the participants (72.9%) preferred digital games. Regarding the style of playing, students reported preferring a mix of single-player games and cooperative games (38.7%). The students responded that, when they re-play a game, they do so “because it is interesting” or they “like it” (15.82%) and most of them (64%) reported they liked the idea of learning through games. Thus, according to these findings, the students prefer to play in cooperative digital game contexts and most of them like the idea of learning through games because they believe that they can learn and have fun at the same time.
First quantitative assessment of growth, sugar accumulation and malate breakdown in a single ripening berry
Authors: Shahood Rezk , Torregrosa Laurent , Savoi Stefania , Romieu Charles
Published: November 2020

Background: Most approaches to grape physiology accept that the berry and the future harvest should display identical developmental features, which obviously requires synchronised fruits.Aims: Rejecting this assumption compels to revisit the kinetic and metabolic bases of berry ripening.Methods and Results: Two to three thousand berries were individually analysed for sugar, malate and weight. The huge heterogeneity in sugar and malic acid concentrations among fruits was mostly explained by time lags in the onset of sugar storage, which proved nearly as long as the second growth phase. Individual berries from different cultivars displayed similar kinetics following the normalisation of their maximal volume. Phloem sucrose unloading started at its maximum speed at softening, but growth resumed one week later. Four hexoses accumulated per malic acid, which was oxidised during the first two weeks of ripening, and then malate breakdown stopped without affecting sugar accumulation. Sugar and water accumulation were simultaneously arrested four weeks after softening, at 0.9 M hexose, at which point sugar concentration continued through water losses.Conclusions: The accepted sequential random sampling methods representative of average fruit and future wine compositions have led to a scrambled vision of grape developmental biology, presenting serious kinetic and composition biases. Single berry composition provides first quantitative evidence for the induction of a dominant H+/sucrose exchange on the tonoplast, which is first electro-neutralised by malate breakdown, then by ATP demanding H+ recirculation, in line with functional and molecular studies.Significance of the Study: The kinetics of single berry ripening are presented for the first time. A more reliable and reproducible model of berry growth, sugar import and malate breakdown is shown here, which have definitively been improved from a quantitative point of view. It illustrates that the temporal structure of a berry population may largely contribute to future wine quality, in addition to metabolic plasticity, thereby providing another target for the impact of GxE interaction. In this respect, addressing the structure of berry cohorts may provide a new approach regarding the developmental biology/terroir nexus.
Design and Simulation of Adaptive PID Controller Based on Fuzzy Q-Learning Algorithm for a BLDC Motor
Authors: Ardeshiri Reza Rouhi , Nabiyev Nabi , Band Shahab S. , Mosavi Amir
Published: November 2020

Reinforcement learning (RL) is an extensively applied control method for the purpose of designing intelligent control systems to achieve high accuracy as well as better performance. In the present article, the PID controller is considered as the main control strategy for brushless DC (BLDC) motor speed control. For better performance, the fuzzy Q-learning (FQL) method as a reinforcement learning approach is proposed to adjust the PID coefficients. A comparison with the adaptive PID (APID) controller is also performed for the superiority of the proposed method, and the findings demonstrate the reduction of the error of the proposed method and elimination of the overshoot for controlling the motor speed. MATLAB/SIMULINK has been used for modeling, simulation, and control design of the BLDC motor.
Draft Genome Sequence of Medusavirus stheno, a New Member of "Medusaviridae" Isolated from the Tatakai River of Uji, Japan
Authors: Yoshida Koki , Zhang Ruixuan , Garcia Kimberly , Endo Hisashi , Gotoh Yasuhiro , Hayashi Tetsuya , Takemura Masaharu , Ogata Hiroyuki
Published: November 2020

"Medusaviridae" is a proposed family of large DNA viruses so far represented by a sole virus isolated from a hot spring. In the present study, we report the isolation and genome sequencing of a new member of this family, medusavirus stheno, discovered from a freshwater sample with Acanthamoeba castellanii coculture.
Promoting Physical Activity During School Closures Imposed by the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Physical Education Teachers’ Behaviors in Three European Countries
Authors: Gobbi Erica , Maltagliati Silvio , Sarrazin Philippe , di Fronso Selenia , Colangelo Alessandra , Cheval Boris , Escriva-Boulley Géraldine , Tessier Damien , Demirhan Giyasettin , Erturan Gokce , Yüksel Yilmaz , Papaioannou Athanasios , Bertollo Maurizio , Carraro Attilio
Published: November 2020

COVID-19 pandemic has drastically reduced physical activity (PA) behaviors of many people. Physical education (PE) is considered one of the privileged instruments to promote youths’ PA. We aimed to investigate the effects of lockdown on PE teachers’ behaviors promoting their students’ out-of-school PA and differences between three European countries. 1146 PE teachers (59.5% females) from France, Italy, and Turkey answered an online questionnaire about guiding students to engage in out-of-school PA, helping them to set PA goals, encouraging in self-monitoring PA, the pedagogical formats of these behaviors and feedback asked to students. RM-MANCOVAs were performed with a 2 Time (before and during the lockdown) × 3Country (France, Italy, Turkey) × 2 Gender factorial design, using teaching years and perceived health as covariates. A significant multivariate main effect Time×Country×Gender (p<.001) was reported for the behaviors promoting students’ PA, with French and Italian teachers increasing some behaviors, while Turkish teachers showing opposite trends. Significant multivariate main effects Time×Country were found for formats supporting the behaviors (p < .001) and for asked feedback formats (p<.001). The massive contextual change imposed by lockdown caused different reactions in teachers from the three countries. Findings are informative for PA promotion and PE teachers’ education.
Proinflammatory Cytokines Perturb Mouse and Human Pancreatic Islet Circadian Rhythmicity and Induce Uncoordinated β-cell Clock Gene Expression via Nitric Oxide, Lysine Deacetylases and Immunoproteasomal Activity
Authors: Andersen Phillip Alexander Keller , Petrenko Volodymyr , Rose Peter Horskjær , Koomen Melissa , Fischer Nico , Ghiasi Seyed Mojtaba , Dahlby Tina , Dibner Charna , Mandrup-Poulsen Thomas
Published: November 2020

Pancreatic β-cell-specific clock knock-out mice develop β cell oxidative-stress and failure, as well as glucose-intolerance. How inflammatory stress affects the cellular clock is under-investigated. Real-time recording of Per2:luciferase reporter activity in murine and human pancreatic islets demonstrated that the proinflammatory cytokine Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) lengthened the circadian period. qPCR-profiling of core clock gene expression in insulin-producing cells suggested that the combination of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) caused pronounced but uncoordinated increases in mRNA levels of multiple core clock genes, in particular of Reverse-erythroblastosis virus α (Rev-erbα), in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The REV-ERBα/β agonist SR9009, used to mimic cytokine-mediated Rev-erbα induction, reduced constitutive and cytokine-induced Brain and muscle arnt-like 1 (Bmal1) mRNA levels in INS-1 cells as expected. SR9009 induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), reduced insulin-1/2 (Ins-1/2) mRNA and accumulated- and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, reduced cell-viability, and increased apoptosis levels, reminiscent of cytokine toxicity. In contrast low (<5,0 μM) concentrations of SR9009 increased Ins-1 mRNA and accumulated insulin-secretion without affecting INS-1 cell viability, mirroring low-concentration IL-1β mediated β-cell stimulation. Inhibiting nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, the lysine deacetylase HDAC3 and the immunoproteasome reduced cytokine-mediated increases in clock gene expression. In conclusion, the cytokine-combination perturbed the intrinsic clocks operative in mouse and human pancreatic islets and induced uncoordinated clock gene expression in INS-1 cells, the latter effect associated with NO, HDAC3 and immunoproteasome activity.
Gas Phase TiO2 Photosensitized Mineralization of some VOCs: Mechanistic Suggestions Through a Langmuir-Hinshelwood Kinetic Approach
Authors: Bettoni Marta , Falcinelli Stefano , Rol Cesare , Rosi Marzio , Sebastiani Giovanni Vittorio
Published: November 2020

A jointed experimental and theoretical investigation pointing out new insights about the microscopic mechanism of the VOCs (volatile organic compounds) photocatalytic elimination by TiO2 has been done. Methane, hexane, isooctane, acetone and methanol have been photomineralized in a batch reactor. Values of K (adsorption constant on TiO2) and k (mineralization rate constant) of the five VOCs (treating the kinetic data through a Langmuir- Hinshelwood approach) have been determined. Recorded K and k values and performed theoretical calculations allowed us to suggest the involvement of an electron transfer step between the VOC and the hole, TiO2(h+), as the rate determining one.
Are Cosmic Isotropy Limits from Analyses of the Cosmic Microwave Background Credible?
Authors: Longo Michael J.
Published: November 2020

Recent analyses of cosmic microwave background (CMB) maps have been interpreted as demonstrating that the Universe was born without an initial rotation. However, these analyses are based on unrealistic models and do not contain essential ingredients such as quantum effects, the strong, weak and gravitational interactions between the components, their intrinsic spins and magnetic moments, as well as primordial black holes. If the Universe was born spinning these effects would distribute the initial spin angular momentum among its components long before the CMB forms at recombination. A primordial spin would now appear as a nonzero total angular momentum of its components along the direction of the original spin, and a primordial large-scale rotation would no longer be apparent. The existence of a special axis or direction would break a fundamental symmetry assumed in general relativity, cosmic isotropy, and a net angular momentum implies a cosmic parity violation.
Qualitative Assessment of the Economic Impacts of Horticulture Research and Extension at MSU Coastal Research and Extension Center
Authors: Posadas Benedict , Knight Patricia , Stafne Eric , Coker Christine , Blythe Eugene , DelPrince James , Bachman Gary , Langlois Scott
Published: November 2020

This paper summarizes opinions on the economic impacts of horticulture research and extension at MSU Coastal Research and Extension Center. More than 8,400 horticulture producers, master gardeners, research and extension staff, and non-profit organizations participated in horticulture events during the last five years. Qualitative assessments of horticulture research and extension performed by the faculty and staff were solicited during voluntary surveys.
A Generalized Cognitive Decline (GCoDe) Partly Mediates the Effects of Neuro-Immune and Neuro-Oxidative Toxicity on the Symptomatome and Lowered Quality of Life in (Deficit) Schizophrenia
Authors: Maes Michael , Kanchanatawan Buranee
Published: November 2020

Recently we showed that schizophrenia and, especially, deficit schizophrenia is accompanied by neurocognitive impairments as measured with different cognitive batteries. The aim of this study was to examine whether a single trait underpins aberrations in 9 key Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) probes, verbal fluency (VFT), world list memory (WLM), true recall, and the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). We recruited 80 patients with schizophrenia and 40 healthy controls. All patients were assessed using CANTAB tests, namely paired-association learning (PAL), rapid visual information (RVP), spatial working memory (SWM), one touch stocking (OTS), intra/extradimensional set shifting (IED), and emotional recognition test (ERT). We found that a single latent trait, which is essentially unidimensional, underlies the CANTAB tests, VFT, WLM, True Recall and MMSE. The latent trait shows excellent psychometric properties and fits a reflective model and, therefore, reflects a generalized cognitive decline (GCoDe), which is the cause of aberrations in semantic and episodic memory, recall, executive functions, strategy use, rule acquisition, visual sustained attention, attention set-shifting and emotional recognition. 40.5% of the variance in GCode was explained by CCL11, IgA to tryptophan catabolites, and increased oxidative toxicity. GCoDe explains 44.8% of the variance in a single latent trait extracted from psychosis, hostility, excitation, mannerism, negative symptoms, formal thought disorders, and psychomotor retardation and 40.9% in quality of life scores. GCoDe is significantly greater in deficit than in nondeficit schizophrenia. In conclusion, GCoDe mediates the effects of neuro-immune and neuro-oxidative toxicity on the phenome of (deficit) schizophrenia.
The Role of Zinc Finger Linkers in Zinc Finger Protein Binding to DNA
Authors: Hamed Mazen , Siam Reema , Zaid Roza
Published: November 2020

Zinc finger proteins (ZFP) play important roles in cellular processes. The DNA binding region of ZFP consists of 3 zinc finger DNA binding domains connected by amino acid linkers, the sequence TGQKP connects ZF1 and ZF2, and TGEKP connects ZF2 with ZF3. Linkers act to tune the zinc finger protein in the right position to bind its DNA target, the type of amino acid residues and length of linkers reflect on ZF1-ZF2-ZF3 interactions and contribute to the search and recognition process of ZF protein to its DNA target. Linker mutations and the affinity of the resulting mutants to specific and nonspecific DNA targets were studied by MD simulations and MM_GB(PB)SA. The affinity of mutants to DNA varied with type and position of amino acid residue. Mutation of K in TGQKP resulted in loss in affinity due to the loss of positive K interaction with phosphates, mutation of G showed loss in affinity to DNA, WT protein and all linker mutants showed loss in affinity to a nonspecific DNA target, this finding confirms previous reports which interpreted this loss in affinity as due to ZF1 having an anchoring role, and ZF3 playing an explorer role in the binding mechanism. The change in ZFP-DNA affinity with linker mutations is discussed in view of protein structure and role of linker residues in binding.
Diseño de un dispositivo para generación de fuerza magnética en microgravedad
Authors: Madero-Fontecha Damian
Published: November 2020

Cuando un avión realiza maniobras parabólicas, la tripulación está sometida a gravedad reducida o microgravedad. Teniendo en cuenta esto, el objetivo del dispositivo aquí propuesto es que, durante tres parábolas, se pueda generar una fuerza descendente que simule el efecto de la gravedad y haga que el dispositivo permanezca inmóvil ante la presencia de ingravidez. En otras tres parábolas se espera generar una fuerza ascendente con el fin de que el dispositivo se desplace en dirección opuesta a la microgravedad. La metodología utilizada para la generación de fuerzas cumple la ley Lorentz, según la cual un cable conductor que transporta corriente, al estar sometido a un campo magnético, genera un vector de fuerza. En los dos casos, las fuerzas ascendentes y descendentes se medirán por celdas de carga ubicadas en la parte superior e inferior de dos imanes. Los resultados de este dispositivo son importantes para la exploración espacial, ya que este principio sería aplicable a la creación de «gravedad artificial» al usar este sistema en un traje espacial, así como en aplicaciones en la tierra relacionadas con el principio de levitación magnética. Los resultados obtenidos durante el vuelo, recopilados por las celdas de carga y almacenados en una memoria, muestran la presencia de fuerzas ascendentes y descendentes en un entorno de microgravedad.
Multilevel Completions in One Trip: Development and Deployment
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: November 2020

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper OTC 30747, “Tripping the Light Fantastic: When Three Become One,” by Euan Murdoch, SPE, Paul Day, and Steven Walduck, Weatherford, prepared for the 2020 Offshore Technology Conference, originally scheduled to be held in Houston, 4-7 May. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Copyright 2020 Offshore Technology Conference. Reproduced by permission.

Typically, the completion of certain deepwater wells will necessitate the separate deployment of sandface, intermediate, and upper completions. What if this could be achieved in a single trip? In the simplest terms, completing in a single trip reduces the overall completion time by half and more. The complete paper describes the hurdles that have prevented single-trip installation of upper and lower completions in the complex world of subsea and deepwater applications and examines the processes, technologies, and risk-mitigation steps that took a concept from pilot to successful deployment.

Introduction

Almost universally in offshore operations, operators have elected to deploy completions in multiple trips. Simple completions on land are often deployed in a single-trip fashion, and the deployment of cemented single-trip gas-lift systems on platform locations in the Gulf of Thailand is commonplace. Subsea single-trip systems have been deployed in the Campos Basin; however, these tend to be relatively simple and in wells not requiring sand-control solutions. They typically consist of a safety valve, gas-lift mandrels, polished bore receptacle (PBR), production packer, and re-entry guide. At the time of writing, no one has run standalone screens as a single-trip system in deepwater applications.
Technology Focus: Tight Reservoirs (October 2020)
Authors: Kalfayan Leonard
Published: November 2020

The low-oil-price environment continues to challenge and pressure our industry to reduce costs and optimize production. While cost reductions and efficiency improvements are always the primary focus during downturns such as we are now experiencing, history tells us that many technology and application breakthroughs have been developed in such periods. This is also a time for conducting or supporting technical studies that can provide insight on how operators can optimize production - especially from unconventional-resource developments. In the meantime, major operators are increasingly stepping out, supporting development of alternative, unconventional energy sources, such as natural gas production from gas hydrates, as the industry looks to the future.

With reduced new unconventional well activity, practices such as frac-hit mitigation - pressurization of parent wells during child-well fracture stimulation - have become increasingly important to reduce parent-well proppant cleanouts as well as to maximize production from both parent and child wells. With reduced new well activity, it is also increasingly important to dampen the sharp early-time production rate declines as much as possible, having longer-term recovery as the objective rather than just high initial production. Unlike with conventional oil wells, for example, unconventional wells have not seen the same degree of attention placed on the effects of high drawdowns on productivity decline.

Two paper synopses featured this month are along those lines. The first, paper IPTC 20260, presents the results of a geomechanics study on rock sensitivity to increasing compressive stress, such as would be experienced with high drawdowns and accelerated depletion. The paper describes and quantifies the stress-dependence of compaction and permeability for anisotropic rock matrix, natural fractures, and hydraulic fractures.

The second, paper SPE 197097, discusses the enhancement of frac-hit mitigation treatments with surfactant chemistry, showing that surfactant additive to the child-well treatments can migrate to parent wells, activating oil-recovery mechanisms.

Finally, for something different but within the world of unconventional resources, the third paper featured this month, paper SPE 29516, is a report on several offshore gas hydrate production tests in offshore sand reservoirs, which have become more-viable natural gas resource targets given the advancement in hydrate production technologies. The report focuses on key production tests conducted in northern Canada, Alaska, Japan, and the South China Sea.
Machine-Learning Approach Determines Spatial Variation in Shale Decline Curves
Authors: Feder Judy
Published: November 2020

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Judy Feder, contains highlights of paper SPE 196110, “Machine Learning of Spatially Varying Decline Curves for the Duvernay Formation,” by Aleksandr Bakay, Jef Caers, and Tapan Mukerji, SPE, Stanford University, et al., prepared for the 2019 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Calgary, 30 September-2 October. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

The two most common techniques for forecasting production performance for a new shale well are decline- (type) curve analysis and machine learning. The complete paper describes an automated machine-learning approach to determine the spatial variation in decline type curves for shale gas production, based on existing data of production, completion, and geological parameters. The methodology allows the user to decide whether the focus should be purely on forecast quality or on a combination of forecast and clustering quality. The resulting model will enable the prediction and uncertainty quantification of production profiles for new target wells or areas in the basin.

Methods of Forecasting Production Performance

Decline-curve analysis is the most-popular technique for forecasting production performance in shale formations because of the need for fast decisions. The technique involves borrowing decline curves from the closest wells or from wells with similar geological, completion, or fluid properties.

The idea of decline-curve analysis is based on the fact that a similar production profile is expected from the closest wells or from wells with similar properties. However, the process is often manual and very subjective. As a result of the approach, each existing well is assigned to a particular cluster of decline curves, each cluster having a certain typical decline curve. Clusters can be spatial or represented in completion variable space. To obtain a production forecast for a new well, the authors use the decline curve from a cluster to which it is believed that the new well will belong, usually sampling from a cluster map.

The second approach to forecasting shale production performance is machine learning that focuses on statistical correlations. A statistical model is created that connects decline curves with the same well parameters used in decline curve analysis. Typically, the result is a trained machine-learning model. For a new well, it provides production performance, with or without an uncertainty range. Additionally, maps can be created of forecasted production profiles or total recovered fluid.

The objective of the project described in the complete paper was to provide a methodology that creates clusters of decline curves and estimates decline curves for a particular location or set of variables. The intent was to limit the manual aspect of clustering and create a robust work flow.
An outbreak of Coxsackievirus A6 infection in adults of a collective unit, China, 2019
Authors: Gao Yumeng , Ma Guangyuan , Xiao Yong , Cai Qun , Chen Yujun , Shi Ping , Shi Chao , Shen Yuan
Published: November 2020

Background: Outbreaks/epidemic caused by Coxsackievirus A6 have been reported continuously since 2008. However, outbreaks caused by Coxsackievirus A6 infection in adults of a collective unit have not been reported.Methods: The nasopharyngeal swab specimens were collected to extract the total nucleic acid (DNA/RNA). The pathogen was determined using nucleic acid detection kits for 22 respiratory pathogens. The VP1 gene of this pathogen was amplified and sequenced. Sequence alignment and analysis were performed using Bioedit. The gene phylogenetic tree was constructed with MEGA software.Results: The factory emerged patients in succession from the February 14 and reached the peak on the 18th. The main symptoms were rash, ocular conjunctival hemorrhage, fever and sore throat. A total of 19 workers had symptoms in this factory up to March 31, 2019, giving an attack rate of 8.26%. The laboratory results showed that Coxsackievirus A6 was the main pathogen causing this outbreak. The risk of taking a bath in the bathroom was 7.37 times higher than that of not taking a bath (95% CI: 1.67-32.79).Conclusions: This manuscript further enriched the infection-related information of CVA6, which was helpful to better identify and deal with the epidemic in the future.