bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamiques ségrégatives
Authors: Chappe Vincent-Arnaud , Eberhard Mireille , Monchatre Sylvie
Published: April 2024

Face à l’idéal démocratique de fluidité et de mixité sociale des sociétés modernes, l’idée de ségrégation semble malvenue, tant elle renvoie à un passé jugé révolu ou indésirable voire à des réalités inavouables. Mais la relative éclipse du mot n’efface pas la chose. Ce numéro vise au contraire à souligner tout l’intérêt qu’il peut y avoir à investir la question des dynamiques ségrégatives à partir d’un questionnement sur le travail. À l‘heure où la question du « séparatisme » et du « communautarisme » hante le débat public, il importe plus que jamais d’interroger le rôle et la place du travail dans la différenciation des conditions d’existence, dans la fabrique de processus ségrégatifs générateurs de renforcement des distances sociales, professionnelles et spatiales… voire dans l’émergence de nouvelles frontières entre les collectivités humaines au travail. À distance des interprétations substantialistes, ces phénomènes gagnent à être élucidés en questionnant le rôle des pratiques de travail, des transformations des organisations et des politiques d’emploi dans la mise en œuvre de ce qu’il convient d’appeler une « mobilisation différentielle » des travailleur·ses.
Déglaciation des Vosges gréseuses et reconstructions paléoclimatiques à partir de datations par le béryllium-10 produit in situ
Authors: Valenti Chloé , Rinterknecht Vincent , Koehler Héloïse , Griselin Sylvain , Audouard Lorena , Gehres Benjamin , Couette Pierre­‑Olivier , ASTER Équipe
Published: April 2024

Face à la fonte généralisée des masses de glace, l'étude des glaciers et de leurs réponses aux variations climatiques présentes et passées peut fournir des informations nécessaires à la compréhension de leur évolution sur le long terme. Si les glaciers alpins et pyrénéens ont fait l'objet d'études paléoclimatiques, ce n'est pas le cas d'autres massifs de montagnes français, comme les Vosges Gréseuses (VG), un massif de basse à moyenne montagne, situé dans le Nord-Est de la France. Cette étude cible l'analyse des paléoglaciers de cette région, où de nombreuses structures glaciaires suggèrent qu’elle a été englacée au cours de la dernière période glaciaire du Würm. Nous avons déterminé la localisation de quatre paléoglaciers et les avons cartographiés en utilisant ArcGIS et l'outil « GlaRe » (Glacier Reconstructions Tools). Nous avons montré que ces glaciers des VG étaient peu étendus et n’excédaient pas 45 m d’épaisseur. Nous avons daté les moraines les plus proches des cirques en utilisant le nucléide cosmogénique 10Be, et confirmé que des glaciers étaient bien présents dans ce secteur des Vosges entre 19,5 et 13,0 ka. Les reconstructions climatiques, obtenues à partir de la Ligne d’Equilibre Glaciaire (LEG), montrent que la température estivale moyenne se situait entre 1,8 et 2,4°C, en considérant les précipitations moyennes annuelles comme équivalentes aux actuelles. Les glaciers des VG n’ont pas persisté pendant le Dryas Récent, en raison de leur faible étendue, ce qui les différencient des Vosges Cristallines où la déglaciation s’est faite plus tardivement. Enfin, la datation d’un des points culminants des VG, le Rocher de Mutzig, montre qu’une calotte glaciaire coiffait probablement le massif jusqu’à il y a 38 000 ans. Il est pertinent de relier ces évolutions glaciaires à la dynamique des populations préhistoriques, qui ont dû s’adapter aux conditions paléoclimatiques, à la fermeture de passages stratégiques et à la diminution de ressources pendant les périodes froides.
Nonpharmacological Treatment for Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Kim Hyung-Jun
Published: April 2024

Nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) results from the exposure of susceptible hosts to a diverse group of environmental mycobacteria. The emphasis on nonpharmacological strategies is motivated by the widespread presence of NTM in various environments, and the inconsistent success rates of pharmacological treatments. Modifiable factors contributing to NTM-PD development include impaired airway clearance, low body mass index, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and exposure to NTM habitats. This suggests that lifestyle and environmental modifications could affect disease development and progression. The review highlights several modalities that can modify the risk factors. Airway clearance techniques, informed by the “gel-on-brush” model of the bronchial epithelium, aim to enhance mucociliary clearance, and have the potential to alleviate symptoms and improve lung function. The impact of nutritional status is also examined, with a lower body mass index linked to an increased risk and progression of NTM-PD, indicating the importance of targeted nutritional support. Additionally, the theoretical and epidemiological links between gastroesophageal reflux disease and NTM-PD advocate careful management of reflux episodes. Understanding the risk of NTM transmission through environmental exposure to contaminated water and soil is also crucial. Strategies to mitigate this risk, including effective water management and minimizing soil contact, are presented as vital preventive measures. The review supports the inclusion of nonpharmacological treatments within a comprehensive NTM-PD management strategy, alongside conventional pharmacological therapies. This integrated approach seeks to improve the overall understanding and handling of NTM-PD.
Study of electrocardiographic indices of myocardial repolarization in patients with obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Yahia Mohamed , Elshazly Amgad , Yousif Maha
Published: April 2024

Background

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep disorder manifested by airflow severe reduction or stoppage during breathing exertion. OSA cases had a higher incidence of ventricular arrhythmias, according to reports.

Aim

This research aimed to determine ventricular repolarization in OSA cases using the electrocardiographic indices of ventricular repolarization.

Patients and methods

This observational research involved 60 patients who underwent overnight polysomnography (PSG). 20 cases with normal PSG were employed as controls. Moderate or severe OSA cases were employed as study group. Tp-e, QTc intervals & Tp-e/QTc ratios measurement was performed in all patients.

Results

Patients had significantly prolonged QTc intervals, Tp-e intervals & Tp-e/QTc ratio compared to controls (446.4 ± 36.99 ms vs. 408.6 ± 25.23 ms, 86.12 ± 17.63 ms vs. 66.65 ± 15.49 ms & 0.19 ± 0.04 vs. 0.16 ± 0.04 respectively, P<0.001). There was a significant positive correlation between OSA degree and Tp-e/QTc ratio (r=0.374, P=0.017), Tp-e/QT ratio (r=0.448, P=0.004) & Tp-e interval (r=0.377, P=0.016). There is also significant correlation between such repolarization indices and both lowest SpO2 and arousal index (P<0.05).

Conclusions

We concluded a significant positive correlation between OSA degree and Tp-e/QTc, Tp-e/QT ratios & Tp-e interval. OSA is associated with prolonged Tp-e/QTc & Tp-e/QT ratios and a prolonged Tp-e interval.
Role of confocal laser endomicroscopy compared with high definition i-scan video bronchoscopy in patients with suspected lung cancer
Authors: Elwahab Koraa Emad EA , El-Assal Gehan M , Farghaly Ayman AE , Ali Tamer M , El_Sayed Maha AH
Published: April 2024

Background

Lung cancer is the one of the most important leading cause of mortality related to cancer worldwide. The 5-year survival is not optimistic with a percentage of 15% with mild improvement along the past 20 years (1.59 million deaths). The best effective and sensitive strategies of prevention is avoiding the common risk factor; tobacco smoking. The mortality of lung cancer can be reduced by early detection and treatment of the cases. Bronchial carcinoma in situ is one of the important stages to detect since over 40% of these can develop into invasive cancer. Sputum cytology and chest imaging have been used as a screening tests with limited success.

Objective

To study the diagnostic performance of confocal laser endomicroscopy in comparison to high definition i-scan videobronchoscopy in patients with suspected lung cancer.

Patients and methods

The study was performed at pulmonary diseases hospital in Kobry Elkobba military complex for 2 years since January 2018 to December 2019. The study included 25 patients all had chest CT findings suspicious of lung cancer.

Results

i-scan findings showed 68% accuracy and 73.3% specificity, and findings of confocal laser endomicroscopy were 92% accuracy and 90% specificity.

Conclusion

This was a study including patient characteristics in Egypt as a comparison between two methods of diagnosis of lung cancer. The study showed the higher sensitivity of confocal laser endomicroscopy in the diagnosis of lung cancer approved by the results of the pathological specimens optioned under the visual of confocal laser endomicroscopy in comparison with i-scan method.
Biological and physical studies on the protective and therapeutic roles of ashwagandha seed extract against the potential toxic effect of amoxicillin in rats
Authors: Aboelhassan Dalia M. , Ibrahim Noha E. , Elnasharty Mohamed M.M. , Elwan Azhar M. , Elhadidy Mohamed E. , Mohamed Mona A. , Radwan Hasnaa A. , Ghaly Inas S. , Farag Ibrahim M.
Published: April 2024

Background

Ashwagandha plant enhances the body’s defense against toxicants through improving the cell-mediated immunity.

Objective

The present work was performed to assess the protective and therapeutic efficiencies of ashwagandha seed extract (ASE) against the harmful effects of amoxicillin (AM) treatment on biological and physical parameters in the brain, liver, and testes tissues of rats.

Materials and methods

Total RNA was isolated from brain, liver, and testes tissues to assess the gene expression of steroid 5 alpha-reductase 1 (5α-R1), multidrug resistant 1b (mdr1b), and luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR) genes, respectively. The cDNA was synthesized and real-time polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) was performed, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was measured. Histological examination and physiological tests for the cerebral cortex of brain tissue were recorded.

Results and conclusion

Our findings revealed that AM treatment (90 mg/kg. b.wt.) caused detrimental effects in all biological parameters, including up-regulation of gene expressions and reduction of TAC values in brain, liver, and testes tissues, in addition to severe damage to histological architectures in the cerebral cortex, including hemorrhage and neurodegeneration. ASE treatment at different doses (100, 200, and 300 mg/kg) significantly enhanced the biological and physical parameters. As the ASE dose level increased, it was observed that these improvements in gene expressions and TAC also increased. Gene expression enhancements were more pronounced in the therapeutic efficacy of ASE, whereas TAC enhancements were more pronounced in the protective efficacy of this medicinal plant extract, particularly in brain and liver tissues. In terms of histopathological parameters, the damage caused by AM was reduced by using 300 mg/kg of protective ASE than 200 mg/kg of therapeutic ASE. Biophysical investigation indicated that relaxation time and enthalpy were restored and improved, while DC conductivity was not recovered by ASE use against AM damages. The present investigation provided biological and physical evidence for protective and therapeutic efficiencies of ASE against lesion effects of AM in the previously mentioned tissues of rats.
Hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of Octopus vulgaris extract against Depakine®-induced hepatotoxicity in adult rats
Authors: Abd El-Samd Asmaa A.M. , Soliman Salah M.E. , Abdel-Wahab Mohammed , Hamad Nashwa , Ashry Mahmoud
Published: April 2024

Background and objective

Antiepileptic drug Depakine®is often used, although it can cause birth defects in both human and animals. This study’s goal was to assess theOctopus vulgarisextract’s (OE) ability to protect against the hepatotoxicity caused by Depakine in an effort to advance its clinical application.

Patients and methods

Four groups of adult male Wistar rats (150–180 g b.w.) have been designed at random (10 rats each) as: 1) healthy control group; 2) healthy rats treated orally with OE (50 mg/kg/day); 3) rats administrated orally with Depakine®(500 mg/kg/day); 4) rats treated with OE in combination with Depakine.

Results and conclusion

After 6 weeks of treatment, the results demonstrated that OE was effective in lowering Depakine®-induced hepatotoxicity. This was shown by a significant rise in liver glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) values as well as albumin and total protein levels. Additionally, there was a considerable drop in the serum levels of tumor necrosis alpha (TNF-α), interlukin-1beta (IL-1β), interlukin-4 (IL-4), interlukin-6 (IL-6), and interlukin-10 (IL-10), which exacerbated the structural recovery of the liver’s histological image. Conclusion: OE was highly effective in reducing the oxidative stress caused by Depakine®and protecting the liver from its toxic effects. OE is a viable supplement candidate for liver protection against the negative effects of that antiepileptic medication.
Prevalence and molecular characterization of rotavirus strains circulating among children with gastroenteritis in Egypt
Authors: Shaheen Mohamed N.F. , Abd Al-Daim Sahar E. , Ahmed Nehal I. , Khalifa Mohamed K. , Seif Wael H.R. , Ahmed Shymaa S. , Shemis Mohamed , Rehan Ahmed H. , Abdelgawad Basma , Karim Ali G. AL , Khairy Wael M.
Published: April 2024

Background and objectives

Human rotavirus (RV) is the main cause of diarrheal disease among children younger than 5 years old, worldwide. The aim of the current study was to investigate the prevalence of RV infections and the genotype distribution of RV in Egypt.

Materials and methods

A total of 642 fecal samples were collected from children younger than 5 years of age, suffering from acute diarrhea and attending ten regional public hospitals (n=585) and five private clinics (n=57) located in 6 Egyptian cities between February and June 2021. All samples were screened by immunochromatographic assay to determine RV prevalence. Then RV-positive samples were further subjected for detection of G (VP7) and P (VP4) genotypes by seminested multiplex real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

Results

Out of the 642 children, RV was detected in 268 (41.7%). Inpatients were more likely to be RV-positive (43.2%) than outpatients (26.3%) and most of the positive samples 215/268 (80.2%) were found in children less than 1 year of age. RV infections were more common in males than females (65.3% vs. 34.7%). The VP7 predominant G type was G3 (31.3%), followed by G8 (20.5%), G1 (7%), mixed G infections (6.3%), G2 (1.9%), G9 (1.9%), G4 (1.5%), and G10 (0.4%). The VP4 predominant P type was P[8] (53.7%), followed by P[4] (16%), P[6] (9.3%), P[9] (6.3%), P[11] (4.5%), P[10] (2.6%), and mixed P infections (1.9%). The dominant VP7/VP4 combination was G3P[8] (24.2%), G8P[8] (10%), G8P[4] (5.2%), G1P[8] (4.5%), G8P[6] (3.3%), and G3P[4] (2.2%). Several other combinations were also identified with detection rates less than 2% of positive RV samples. Mixed genotype combinations and partially typed strains were detected in 31.7% and 7.5%, respectively.

Conclusion

This study highlights the necessity for continuous epidemiology and surveillance of RVA infection to improve our control and management of RVA infection. Furthermore, due to the lack of a national anti-RV vaccination program, RV remains the main causative agent for acute gastroenteritis in Egyptian children. Therefore, it is important to introduce RV vaccine into the national immunization program in Egypt free of charge to all infants to reduce the burden of RV gastroenteritis.
Checking For Reliability and Accuracy Measuring Point of Care Capillary Blood Glucose Using Glucometers Vs Venous Blood Glucose in Intensive Care Unit Patients: Hospital Based Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Prabhakar Manish Chandra , Halder Pritam
Published: April 2024

Background:

Health-care professionals routinely measure blood glucose of all critically ill patients in intensive care unit (ICU). The traditional reference standard, venous blood glucose requires venipuncture, and laboratories usually return the test results after 60 min. We wondered if a point of care (POC) capillary glucose measured by glucometer could be as accurate and reliable as blood venous glucose.

Methods:

We studied consecutive patients admitted to an ICU between May 1, 2009, and May 10, 2009. We compared the diagnostic accuracy of two-POC glucometers with laboratory venous glucose, the reference standard. We used Bland–Altman plots and the Clark error grid method to analyze the results.

Results:

This study included a total of 110 patients 38 (34%) women; mean age 52.1 years (standard deviation [SD] =17.3); range = 14–85 years. Fourteen patients (12%) were known to have diabetes. The mean glucose value (glucometer 1) was 152.9 mg/dL (SD = 83.1); range = 48–501 mg/dL; that by glucometer 2 was 152.2 mg/dL (SD = 76.2); range = 30–458 mg/dL and by the laboratory was 148.6 mg/dL (SD = 81.5); range = 52–480 mg/dL. Of the 110 subjects, 2 (2%) had blood glucose below 70 mg/dL; 85 (77%) between 70 and 180 mg/dL; and 23 (21%) had blood glucose exceeding 180 mg/dL. The Bland–Altman plot showed a bias of 4 mg% (95% confidence intervals = −9.8–+1.1); and the limits of agreement were −63 and +54 mg%. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the two glucometers was 0.92 and 0.93, respectively. The error grid analysis showed that 80% (78/110) of samples lay within Zone A, 22 (110) in Zone B, and 1% (1/110) in Zone C.

Conclusions:

POC glucose, measured by glucometers was in agreement with the venous glucose estimation. Both glucometers were equally accurate and performed uniformly well across the wide range of blood glucose values.
Prevalence and Association of Stress with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus among Pregnant Women in a Rural Area of Maharashtra: A Community-based Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Prabhakar Manish Chandra , Halder Pritam
Published: April 2024

Aim:

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a major public health problem. There is a scarcity of knowledge regarding the association of stress with GDM. Our objective was to determine the prevalence and association of stress with GDM among pregnant women in a rural area of Maharashtra.

Methods:

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 965 pregnant women from the rural field practice area of the Department of Community Medicine, MGIMS, Sevagram. After taking written informed consent, a pretested semistructured questionnaire was administered. Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Group India recommendation was used (2-h plasma glucose > 140 mg/dL with 75 g oral glucose load to diagnose GDM irrespective of the duration of the last meal). Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) was administered to assess the stress (anxiety and depression).

Results:

The K10 scale showed that 3.11% of participants were moderately affected, and 3.01% had mild symptoms of anxiety and depression. Only 1.14% of pregnant women had severe mental disorders. The participants with normal to mild depression (K10 score < 25) had 90% less chance (odds ratio: 0.10; 95% confidence interval: 0.05–0.23) of becoming GDM than participants with moderate to severe depression (K10 score > 25), which was statistically significant (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Our study highlighted that normal to mild stress had a lesser chance of getting GDM than moderate to severe stress during pregnancy, indicating that stress is a positive risk factor of GDM. Hence, it is advisable to screen for stress during pregnancy.
A Study of Assessment of Preclinical Atherosclerosis by Carotid Intima-media Thickness in Newly Diagnosed Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Younger than 50 Years of Age and Their Correlation with Disease Activity: A Comparative, Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Bhatt Varsha Rajat , Krishna Kavita , Kharat Amit T. , Asrani Vishal , Chauhan Rajat
Published: April 2024

Introduction:

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune condition that has been linked to an increased risk of atherosclerosis and enhanced cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Most literature encompasses older age groups.

Objectives:

This study aimed to determine the carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in patients with newly diagnosed RA who are younger than 50 years of age and do not display the symptoms or traditional risk factors of CVD and compare it to the controls with same age and gender without RA. Furthermore, the correlation between CIMT and the disease activity Score -28 (Erythrocyte sedimentation rate) were examined.

Subjects and Methods:

The study enrolled 48 patients with RA and 51 healthy controls who met the study’s inclusion and exclusion criteria. All patients underwent CIMT by the ultrasound.

Results:

There was a significant increase in common carotid artery CIMT on both the right and left sides (P < 0.001) in RA patients as compared to controls. The correlations between CIMT (right and left) and DAS 28 ESR were only poor and negative.

Conclusion:

Younger patients with RA showed higher CIMT than age- and sex-matched controls, indicating an increased risk of future cardiovascular events even in the young.
Microbiological and Clinical Characteristics of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Patients from the Pediatric Ward, Adult Respiratory Ward, and Medicine Intensive Care Unit at a University Hospital in Northern India
Authors: Kar Mitra , Dubey Akanksha , Singh Romya , Jamwal Ashima , Tejan Nidhi , Sahu Chinmoy
Published: April 2024

Background:

Respiratory infections are common infections reported among human beings. Infections involving the respiratory tract can be mild and transient and people tend to neglect them. The chief cause of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) can be attributed to hospitalization.

Materials and Methods:

We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional study from January 2021 to April 2021. The clinical, demographic, and microbiological characteristics of the patients admitted to adult respiratory ward (ARW), pediatric ward (PW), and medicine intensive care unit (MICU) were extracted from the electronic records and laboratory registers for this study.

Results:

We included 788 patients in this study from January 2021 to April 2021. The mean age of patients was 52.67 ± 20.15 years with a male predominance in ARW (248/383, 64.75%) and MICU (252/369, 68.29%) and a female predominance in PW (28/36, 77.78%). Most patients were admitted to the ARW (383/788, 48.60%) followed by the MICU (369/788, 46.83%). Bacterial growth was seen in 358 (358/788, 38.89%) respiratory samples. Blood culture was positive in 188 (188/788, 23.86%) samples. The most common microorganism causing LRTI and bloodstream infection was Klebsiella pneumoniae with an infection rate of 32.68% (117/358, 32.68%) and 25.53% (48/188, 25.53%), respectively. Total leukocyte count (P < 0.0001) and procalcitonin (P = 0.0113) were statistically significant diagnostic parameters associated with MDR isolates.

Conclusion:

This study establishes the range of bacteria obtained from the respiratory samples of LRTI patients and guides the clinicians in the administration of appropriate antibiotics according to the antibiotic susceptibility pattern to eliminate MDR.
A Comparative Exploration of Video Laryngoscopes (King Vision and Airtraq) as the Future of Intubation during General Anesthesia
Authors: Khati Monika , Chourasia Priyanka , Kumari Poonam
Published: April 2024

Background:

In the dynamic medical landscape, anesthesiology plays a pivotal role in ensuring patient safety and comfort during surgeries. Central to this is endotracheal intubation, a critical procedure for securing the airway under anesthesia. Innovations such as King Vision and Airtraq video laryngoscopes offer enhanced glottis visualization and Cormack Lehane scores compared to direct laryngoscopy, with a shorter learning curve. This study aims to assess King Vision and Airtraq’s efficiency in terms of laryngoscopy time, Cormack and Lehane grading, and single-attempt success rate, the number of intubation attempts and endotracheal intubation duration.

Methodology:

We conducted a study involving 90 patients, aged 20–40 years, undergoing elective surgeries in Departments of General Surgery, ENT, and Gynecology under General Anesthesia. They were divided into two groups, Group K (King Vision) and Group A (Airtraq). Anesthesiologists with at least 40 prior intubations using both devices performed intubations. Preoperative assessments included Alprazolam and Ranitidine, fasting for 8 h, and vital sign monitoring. Anesthesia induction comprised fentanyl, propofol, and succinylcholine, with Macintosh laryngoscopy as a backup. Anesthesia maintenance included nitrous oxide, oxygen, isoflurane, and rocuronium, while parameters were diligently recorded.

Results:

Our results indicate comparable age and gender distributions between Airtraq and King Vision groups, as well as no differences in Mallampati grading. Kings Vision showed significantly faster laryngoscopy and quicker intubation. Most patients required only one intubation attempt in both groups. Cormack and Lehane grading was unaffected by device choice.

Conclusion:

Our study shows that both Airtraq and King Vision perform similarly across patient characteristics, but King Vision offers faster laryngoscopy and intubation times, ideal for urgent airway management.
Prediction of Medical Record Storage Requirement Using Forecasting Technique
Authors: Sinha Sujeet K. , Mondal Ramkrishna
Published: April 2024

Context:

Medical records storage is a valuable and statutory requirement, but for any hospital, it is always most challenging. Many studies on the quality of medical records have been available but very few regarding storage space.

Aims:

This study uses a forecasting technique to measure the storage space requirement for medical records.

Settings and Design:

The study is a record-based study using the moving average forecasting technique in a tertiary care 900-bed public hospital in eastern India.

Subjects and Methods:

The data of the medical record files were collected from 2014 to 2022 years and used the moving average forecasting technique to get the forecasting till 2040. Accordingly, average racks and shelves and floor space requirements were calculated based on forecasted data.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Simple statistics and moving average forecasting technique was used using Microsoft Excel.

Results:

The forecasted number of medical record generation data was calculated using moving average forecasting techniques till 2040. From 200 racks and 1168 shelves, it was calculated to be an average of 113 ± 35 records per shelve, 678 ± 35 records per rack, and 3.75 square feet of space per rack is required. Accordingly, cumulative records, eligible for destruction after the retention period, effective cumulative records, racks, and floor space required were calculated.

Conclusions:

Proper storage of medical records is essential for optimal patient care and medical legal aspects but is a challenge in most organizations. The study findings conclude the forecasted space requirement for medical records and choose a strategic plan accordingly for efficient management of the medical records.
Comprehensive Management of Anticoagulants Induced Decompensated Severe Anemia in Postmitral Valve Replacement
Authors: Gulia Sonia , Kumari Kusum , Kalyani Vasantha C. , Shahi Sudhir Kumar
Published: April 2024

Mechanical prosthetic valve needs consideration for anticoagulation. The objective of this case report was to know how maintenance of oral anticoagulant therapy is very important in patients, especially with mechanical heart valve replacement. It is the holistic management of mitral valve replacement (MVR) patients with high international normalized ratio (INR) (>100), which led bleeding into the peritoneal cavity and causes decompensated severe anemia. Although it is a rare presentation for a patient of MVR with high INR level but which is most commonly presented for cerebrovascular accident. Anemia is a thoughtful worldwide problem that disturbs the quality of life in persons of all ages. A 28-year-old Indian woman with follow-up case of post-MVR came to the hospital with complaints of breathing difficulty, altered sensorium, pulse rate of 150–170 bpm (beats/min) irregularly irregular, blood pressure (80/50 mmHg), palpitation, and abdominal pain. Blood test report revealed her hemoglobin (Hb) was 3.2 g%, suggestive of severe anemia, INR was >100 s. Hence, patient diagnosed as follow-up case of MVR (#27 mm mechanical bileaflet mitral valve prosthesis) with peritoneal bleeding, an oral anticoagulant with decompensated severe anemia managment should be done. Ended the progression of her hospitalization, she received four units of packed red blood cell transfusions; Vitamin K was given intravenous once daily for 2 days and no anticoagulant was given, so far, INR was high with serial monitoring of INR and Hb. Her symptoms of breathing difficulty, pain in abdomen, weakness and giddiness resolute by the finish of her hospital stay, and she recompensed to her oral anticoagulant therapy with improved Hb and hemodynamics. Disapprovingly high INR levels are classically related with bleeding disorders revealed on imperative indicators and hemodynamic variability. To our understanding, one of the lowermost noted Hb is because of bleeding due to very high INR, so monitoring of therapeutic INR level with anticoagulants is very-very important.
Internal fixation of cruciate ligament avulsion fractures with metallic implants
Authors: Tank Parag M. , Patel Vijay J. , Patel Harsh N. , Ashwin Krishna Kumar , Patel Nimish B.
Published: April 2024

Background:

Tibial spine anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) avulsion injuries are uncommon injuries and are less accompanied with tear or rupture of ligaments. Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) avulsions are significantly associated with concomitant injuries.

Methods:

Thirteen patients with tibial avulsion fractures were studied (7 with anterior cruciate and 6 with posterior cruciate ligament avulsion fractures). All patients were operated with open reduction and internal fixation with metallic stainless steel or titanium implants and were followed up for 12-24 months. Functional and clinical outcomes were observed with Lysholm knee score and GH SF36 score at 6 months, 1 year and at final visit.

Results:

Mean radiological union was 11.6 weeks in both cruciate avulsion fractures. Of the 13 cases, 11 were treated with cannulated screws and 2 were treated with 3.5 mm stainless steel plate. We had observed mean motion of knee to be 131.42° in ACL avulsion fractures and 143.33° in PCL avulsion fractures. Mean Lysholm score at final visit was 87.38 and mean SF36 general health score was 85.41.

Conclusion:

In regards of cruciate ligaments tibial avulsion fractures, metallic implants are coveted choice of fixation with charismatic experience of learning and expertise. Metallic implants impose a definite functional outcome with sure and reliable union rate and secure activity of daily living without any implant related adverse issues.
Second primary malignancies: A clinicopathological study from a tertiary care centre
Authors: Chitturi Ramya , Renuka I.V , Mandava Harika , Mullagura Anusha , Gokanakonda Sravani , Pattela Naga Tulasi
Published: April 2024

Background:

Second primary malignancy (SPM) is defined as a second de novo malignant neoplasm arising in a patient with known primary malignancy. SPM is common and can occur synchronously or metachronously.

Methods:

We retrospectively studied the epidemiological factors, patterns of occurrence and common associations of SPMs seen in our Department of Pathology during the period January 2016 and December 2020. The case details were retrieved from the medical records. SPM were diagnosed as per the International Association of Cancer Registries and International Agency for Research on Cancer criteria.

Results:

During the study period, 22 cases were seen. Their age ranged from 36 to 80 years; females had outnumbered males (female:male = 3.4:1). The most common site for metachronous primary was breast and the most common site for SPMs was head and neck. The median age for diagnosis of metachronous SPM was 59.2 years (range 41–80 years). The time interval for development of metachronous SPMs ranged from 6 months to 9 years.

Conclusions:

Our observations suggest that increased awareness regarding the entity and regular follow-up of patients can aid in early diagnosis of SPMs.
Knowledge, attitude and perception on organ donation amongst undergraduate students, post-graduate students and senior residents at a tertiary care teaching hospital in North-eastern India: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Bhuyan Geet , Rabha Anju Moni
Published: April 2024

Background:

Organ transplantation is one of the most important modalities of treatment for patients with end-stage renal diseases. The involvement of healthcare professionals is one of the key factors in increasing awareness about organ donation and transplantation.

Methods:

A cross-sectional descriptive questionnaire-based study was conducted amongst undergraduate, post-graduate junior residents and senior resident doctors (n = 113) in a tertiary care teaching hospital using convenient sampling. We studied the knowledge, attitude and perception on organ donation

Results:

We observed that 94.6% of the participants had a positive attitude towards organ donation and around 83% were willing to donate their organs. However, the participants lacked adequate knowledge about the process of organ donation and the various aspects related to it.

Conclusions:

The medical students and young doctors had a positive attitude towards organ donation, and most of the study participants are willing to donate. However, knowledge regarding it lacked in majority of the students.
Knowledge, Acceptance, and Satisfaction about Dental Implant among Patients of Patan District of Gujarat
Authors: Shaikh Rukhshana N. , Chauhan Chirag J. , Prajapati Nikunj , Tintodana Komil , Patel Ghanshyam , Machchar Abhay
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Context:

Patan is a district of North Gujarat having a mainly rural population. Here, patients are having lack of knowledge with regard to the replacement of teeth especially by dental implant option.

Aim:

To know about the awareness and knowledge of dental implant as well as its acceptance and satisfaction rate among patients as a replacement option for missing teeth in patients of Patan district of Gujarat state.

Settings and Design:

A self-explanatory questionnaire-based study.

Methods and Material:

About 707 out of 800 patients were included in the present study.

Results:

Only 28.6% of participants knew about dental implant treatment for the replacement of missing teeth. The younger and more educated participants showed more awareness and knowledge with slight differences within gender. Patients showed just 24.7% acceptance. Around 76.3% of participants noted satisfaction by their known acquaintances about dental implant treatment.

Conclusions:

This study demarcates a lack of awareness and knowledge of dental implants in the patients of the Patan district. The government has to arrange the awareness program repeatedly for patients about restoration of the missing teeth by using different means and avail dental implant treatment in government-based hospitals.
Knowledge of Noncommunicable Diseases and Social Media among Secondary School Teachers in Akinyele Local Government Area Oyo State Nigeria
Authors: Sanni-Adeniyi Rukayat Ayanlola , Titiloye Musibau , Ajuwon Ademola
Published: April 2024

Background:

Social media (SM) are now widely available and can potentially play an important role in the prevention of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). The school environment is a key location for educating children about NCDs and the teachers’ level of knowledge may have an impact on them. This study investigated the knowledge of NCDs and SM among secondary school teachers.

Materials and Methods:

Using a self-administered questionnaire, data were collected from 423 randomly selected male and female secondary school teachers teaching in both public and private secondary schools located in Akinyele Local Government Area, Oyo State, in May 2018. Knowledge of SM was measured on a 10-point scale (scores 0–3, 4–6, and 7–10 were rated as poor, fair, and good, respectively), while knowledge of NCDs was measured on a 28-point scale (scores 0–8, 9–18, and 19–28 were rated as poor, fair, and good, respectively). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression tests at a 5% level of significance.

Results:

Findings showed that the mean age of respondents was 33.5 ± 0.5 and 52.5% were female. About half (51.5%) of the respondents had good knowledge of SM. Less than half (28.1%) had good knowledge of NCDs. Knowledge of SM was significantly associated with age (P < 0.001), while knowledge of NCDs had no significant association.

Conclusion:

Based on these results, a gap exists regarding teachers’ knowledge of NCDs. Health professionals may contribute to teacher training curriculum development to include health education targeted toward NCD prevention.
A Study on Seasonal Trends among Animal Bite Victims Reported to a Tertiary Care Hospital, Jabalpur
Authors: Sharma Arvind , Patel Sunita , Maiti Arindam , Mishra Ashish
Published: April 2024

Background:

Rabies is a viral zoonotic disease that is 100% fatal, yet 100% preventable. It is estimated that 17.4 million exposures with 20,000 deaths due to animal bites occur every year in India, with higher cases in particular seasons. Hence, this study aimed to find out the seasonal trend among animal bite victims for the past 3 years.

Subjects and Methods:

It was a record-based retrospective study conducted in a tertiary care hospital, Jabalpur, for a period of 2 months (September 2022 to October 2022) for the years 2018, 2019, and 2020 among 1518 victims. Data were entered into MS Excel, and descriptive statistical analysis was done using IBM-SPSS version 23.0.

Results:

It was observed that, majority were dog-bite victims with maximum unprovoked bite showing decrease in trend from 2018 to 2019, and then increase in 2020. In this study, maximum bites were seen in winter (23.99% in 2018, 52.61% in 2019, and 50% in 2020), followed by monsoon (12.64%) in 2018 and summer in both 2019 and 2020.

Conclusion:

In the study, maximum bites were noted during winter, followed by the monsoon in 2018 and summer in 2019 and 2020, showing an increase in trend and then a downfall in 2020, maybe due to the COVID-19 period lockdown. This study will help policymakers formulate appropriate plans, activities, and logistic support for the management of animal bite victims.
Attitude, Practice, and Awareness of Oral Hygiene Care among Nursing Professionals of a Tertiary Care Center of Malda in West Bengal: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Jana Anjan , Mukhopadhyay Santanu , Maji Antarip
Published: April 2024

Aim:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of oral hygiene care among nursing professionals of a tertiary care center of Malda in West Bengal.

Background:

Oral cavity is the reflector of our general health. The relationship between oral health and systemic health is well established, but a lack of awareness and knowledge regarding dental hygiene restrains people from proper oral care. Most of the people including health workers do only brushing as their daily oral care process, ignoring the other important aspects of oral hygiene including regular tongue cleaning, use of interdental cleaning aids, change of toothbrush in a periodic manner, and regular dental checkups.

Materials and Methods:

A questionnaire-based descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out. After evaluating for the content validity and reliability, a self-structured questionnaire comprising ten questions about their oral hygiene was distributed among nursing professionals of Malda Medical College in a printed format after obtaining informed consent. Total 261 responses were gathered. Informed consent was obtained from each participant, and data were collected anonymously to maintain participants’ confidentiality. The collected data were analyzed using the statistical software IBM SPSS for Windows, version 27.0.

Results:

Most of the participants use two times brushing as their regular dental care (77.4%) and use toothbrush and paste for the same (99.2%). Soft toothbrush is the most preferable choice (70.9%). Apart from brushing, other oral care methods are neglected, only 23.8% of participants use interdental cleaning aids, 79.3% use tongue cleaning, and only 8.8% have done regular dental checkups.

Conclusion:

The result of the present study depicts the limitation of knowledge and practice of oral hygiene care among nursing professionals of Malda Medical College. In spite of their health-care background, they have limited knowledge regarding regular oral hygiene care. Though most of them use two times brushing, but unaware about the importance of interdental cleaning and tongue cleaning habits.
Role of Denosumab and Zoledronic Acid in Geriatric Hip Fractures – A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Madhuchandra P. , Nandeesh S. , Raju K. P.
Published: April 2024

Background:

Osteoporotic hip fractures are on the raise in the world. Denosumab and zoledronic acid are among the commonly used current anti-osteoporotic medications to reduce hip fractures. The purpose of the present study was to compare the effectiveness and adverse events of denosumab and zoledronic acid in geriatric patients after a hip fracture.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective observational study was conducted between February 2020 and May 2021, and a total of 104 patients were included in the study. Fifty-three patients were given subcutaneous (SC) denosumab once in 6 months, and 51 patients were given intravenous (IV) zoledronic acid. The percentage changes in the Bone Mineral Density (BMD) values from the baseline values were compared between both the groups at 0, 12, and 24 months.

Results:

The percentage increase in lumbar-bone mineral density (L-BMD) was higher significantly in the denosumab group when compared to the zoledronic acid group at 12 months (6.8 ± 0.9 vs. 4.5 ± 0.7; P < 0.01) and 24 months (9.2 ± 0.9 vs. 7.1 ± 0.8; P < 0.001). There was a significant percentage change in the hip-bone mineral density (BMD) in both the groups; however, a higher mean percentage change was noted in the denosumab group when compared to the zoledronic acid group at 12 months and 24 months (P < 0.04 and P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

We conclude that SC-given denosumab has got a better efficacy on comparison with the IV-given zoledronic acid. Randomized control trials with a large sample size and longer follow-up are required to come to conclusion regarding patient safety, compliance, and persistence.
Orbital stability of the black soliton for the quintic Gross–Pitaevskii equation
Authors: Alejo Miguel Á. , Corcho Adán J.
Published: April 2024

In this work, a proof of the orbital stability of the black soliton solution of the quintic Gross–Pitaevskii equation in one spatial dimension is obtained. We first build and show explicitly black and dark soliton solutions and we prove that the corresponding Ginzburg–Landau energy is coercive around them by using some orthogonality conditions related to perturbations of the black and dark solitons. The existence of suitable perturbations around black and dark solitons satisfying the required orthogonality conditions is deduced from an implicit function theorem. In fact, these perturbations involve dark solitons with sufficiently small speeds and some proportionality factors arising from the explicit expression of their spatial derivative.
Двусторонние оценки суммы вероятностей ошибок в задаче о различении конечного числа гипотез о неоднородной выборке
Authors: Savelov M P
Published: April 2024

Получены двусторонние оценки для взвешенной суммы вероятностей ошибок в задаче о проверке конечного числа гипотез о неоднородной выборке размера $n$. В широком классе случаев и верхние, и нижние оценки стремятся к нулю экспоненциально быстро с ростом $n$. Результаты представляют интерес для получения двусторонних оценок объема выборки, необходимого для различения конечного числа гипотез.
О близости распределений последовательных сумм в метрике Прохорова
Authors: Zaitsev Andrei Yurevich
Published: April 2024

Пусть $X, X_1,…, X_n,…$ - независимые одинаково распределенные $d$-мерные случайные векторы с общим распределением $F$. Пусть $F_{(n)}$ - распределение нормированного случайного вектора $X/\sqrt{n}$. Тогда $(X_1+…+X_n)/\sqrt{n}$ имеет распределение $F_{(n)}^n$ (степень понимается в смысле свертки). Пусть $\pi( {\cdot} ,{\cdot} )$ - расстояние Прохорова. Основной результат состоит в следующем. Для любого $d$-мерного распределения $F$ существуют $c_1(F)>0$ и $c_2(F)>0$, зависящие только от $F$ и такие, что $\pi(F_{(n)}^n, F_{(n)}^{n+1})\leqslant c_1(F)/\sqrt n$ и $(F^n)\{A\} \le (F^{n+1})\{A^{c_2(F)}\}+c_2(F)/\sqrt{n}$, $(F^{n+1})\{A\} \leqslant (F^n)\{A^{c_2(F)}\}+c_2(F)/\sqrt{n}$ для любого борелевского множества $A$ и для всех натуральных чисел $n$ (здесь $A^{\varepsilon}$ обозначает $\varepsilon$-окрестность множества $A$).
Convergence criteria influence in a transient Lattice-Boltzmann Aerodynamic simulation
Authors: Buscariolo Filipe Fabian , Padial Lucas Mozelli , Alves Luiz Otávio Ferrão Teixeira , Santos Alex Cardoso
Published: April 2024

The use of transient high-fidelity computational fluid dynamics (CFD) aerodynamic simulations in the automotive industry is a growing trend. Moreover, Lattice-Boltzmann methods popularity in CFD is increasing due to the affordability of computational power and the method efficiency in performing transient simulations. Transient simulation results are often averaged over a certain period in order to present results in a simpler manner. A key factor in the quality of both transient and averaged CFD simulations is the numerical tolerances used in the convergence criteria for each time step, aiming to get more accurate results. In this work, we present a numerical study of different numerical tolerances for the drag coefficient in a transient Lattice-Boltzmann aerodynamic simulation over a production road vehicle. Two tolerances for the drag coefficient are presented with 85% and 95% confidence interval being evaluated for the baseline case. Comparative flow results are presented in combination with estimated total computational time for each case, providing technical basis for the results and conclusions.