bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of sonication on technological properties of beef
Authors: Dolatowski Z. J. , Stadnik J.
Published: March 2015

Ultrasound treatment during rigor mortis period led to an acceleration of aging processes. No significant influence of sonication on acidity during ageing was observed. Ultrasound treatment did not influence the lightness, but according to the shear force measurements, improve meat tenderness. Differentiated technological properties of examined samples may result from influence of ultrasound on protein structures of meat. As a result of ultrasound treatment an increase of free calcium ions concentration occurred. Obtained results pointed out that sonication may be an effective method of formation of technological properties of beef during ageing.
Biosorption of heavy metals by marine algae Ulva rigida, Cystoseira barbata and C. crinita
Authors: Simeonova A. , Petkova S.
Published: March 2015

Adsorption properties of three different marine algae (Ulva rigida (green algae); Cystoseira barbata (brown algae) and Cystoseira crinita (brown algae)) were investigated. They were collected from the Black Sea coastal area in Varna region, Bulgaria. Kinetics were studied to evaluate the ability of the three algae to sequester Cu (II), Zn (II), Pb (II), Ni (II), Cd (II) from aqueous solution. The maximum biosorption capacity obtained was 2.84 mgeq Ni2+/g for Cystoseira crinita and 2.28 mgeq Cu2+/g for Cystoseira barbata at a solution pH of 5 ± 0.5. The influence of pH of the solution and algae mass on the heavy metal sorption was investigated either. Desorption using 0.05 M HNO3 was carried out and was determined that regeneration of biomass for use in multiple cycles of Cd (II) biosorption –desorption should be feasible.
La loca Ð El Gado: Un análisis de la figura del héroe de la novela El gato de sí mismo, de Uriel Quesada
Authors: Rojas González José Pablo
Published: March 2015

El presente trabajo busca estudiar –a partir de los aportes teóricos de Mijaíl Bajtín– la figura del héroe de la novela El gato de sí mismo de Uriel Quesada. Se pretende caracterizar al héroe de este texto costarricense como una nueva variante del “soñador” y del “hombre del subsuelo” bajtinianos. Esta caracterización permitirá señalar la importancia de atentar contra el estereotipo, de atentar contra el «orden sexual» establecido, a favor –siempre– de la libertad del ser humano.
Los hebreos: Un legado religioso
Authors: Carvajal Mena Ligia
Published: March 2015

Los primeros asentamientos humanos tuvieron lugar en las riberas de ríos como el Éufrates, Tigris y Nilo.  Estas tierras, por su fertilidad, se convirtieron en cuna de culturas que dejaron un legado importante para el desarrollo de  la humanidad.En el marco de esas culturas destaca la hebrea que asume aspectos culturales foráneos,  los recompone y da un salto original en su cultura, especialmente en el ámbito religioso. Lo anterior al establecer inequívocamente el monoteísmo, realizar mejores construcciones (entre lo religioso y lo astronómico) y crear un Dios con fuerte contenido ético, que trasciende del ámbito nacional al universal.
Regional food — a new outlook on the mountain areas
Authors: Cieślik Ewa
Published: March 2015

Culinary tourism was characterized in the paper and the perspectives for its development were
analyzed, as well as the possible uses of traditional and regional cuisine of the Podhale (mountain region of Małopolska) as a tourist product. Moreover, the cuisine of the Podhale Region was
presented with its specialities, as well as the potential use of Polish regional cuisine in tourism to
make it a tourist attraction, which may be of major importance for individual region or locality.
It causes that a certain dish becomes identified with specific place, which attracts tourists to this
region. Traditional dishes reflect also the customs prevalent in the given area; therefore a tourist
may acquire information about the culture of the places he visits.
Natural gas as transportation fuel — an offer for mountainous resorts
Authors: Sas Jan
Published: March 2015

In this article the current state of development of the market of the CNG vehicles was described.
Then, the economic and ecological aspects of using this fuel and the factors of its safe exploitation were characterized. Based on that, in the article were presented the current propositions of
activities of the European Union administrative organs, which propagate using these alternative
fuels for vehicles, including the natural gas.
Finally, the attention was paid to possibilities of using the natural gas as a fuel in vehicles used
in mountain and spa resorts.
Wydatki jednostek samorządu terytorialnego w Polsce w latach 2010–2013
Authors: Owsiak Katarzyna
Published: March 2015

The politics of local government spending is primarily determined by the types of public tasks assigned to local government units. These tasks, as well as sources of income and their performance, the size of budget deficits, the level of indebtedness of local government units and the changing economic and legal environment affect the structure of expenditure. The rise in current expenditure in 2010–2013 was accompanied by a decline in capital expenditure from 2012, which resulted primarily from a decrease of 16% in capital expenditure compared to 2011. The provisions of the new law of 27 August 2009 on Public Finances have been in force since 2010. At the same time, in 2010–2013, the financial self-supply system was based on the Act of 13 November 2003 on the income of local government units, which is interpreted as the source of stable regulation for income formation. Nevertheless, during this period there have been significant amendments to the cited statutes, as well as many other legislative changes. Therefore, the aim of this article is 1) to present selected aspects of the expenditure policy of local government units in Poland in the years 2010–2013 against the background of the law governing the financial management of local government units and 2) to attempt to answer the question of whether these changes have affected spending patterns.
Dylematy dotyczące polityki fiskalnej w latach 1995–2012 na przykładzie transformujących się krajów Europy Środkowej
Authors: Postula Marta
Published: March 2015

The article discusses the effects of fiscal policy in five countries: Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Slovenia and Hungary. The analysis compares the rates of economic growth, including changes in per capita GDP expressed in terms of PPS, against the background of the overall level of economic activity, the country’s position on the Doing Business global ranking of economic freedom and the size of public revenue and expenditure. Obtaining optimal conditions for development requires the use in suitable proportions of state intervention and liberal principles. The countries that actively guide the processes of transformation and reform while pursuing a fiscal policy matched to the current level of development are the ones that achieve above average growth levels over a 15–20 year period.
Perfil e tendências da liderança em uma empresa brasileira líder mundial de mercado
Authors: Oliveira Marco Aurélio de , Possamai Osmar , Valentina Luis Veriano Oliveira Dalla
Published: March 2015

O objetivo deste trabalho é o entendimento de como a liderança ocorre em uma empresa brasileira líder mundial em seu mercado de atuação, em tempos marcados por grandes incertezas, particularmente nos dias atuais. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, orientada pelo paradigma interpretativo, que busca, a partir dos dados colhidos em entrevistas com informantes, descrições detalhadas e interpretações para o fenômeno da liderança na organização em estudo. O ambiente onde a pesquisa foi desenvolvida é uma área de pesquisa e desenvolvimento de uma empresa brasileira líder mundial no seu mercado de atuação. Os tipos de liderança considerados foram a transacional e a transformacional. No presente trabalho também são discutidos aspectos relacionados com a tendência de evolução e posicionamento dessa liderança em termos de um cenário globalizado.
Inovação como transição: uma abordagem para o planejamento e desenvolvimento de spin-offs acadêmicos
Authors: Gomes Leonardo Augusto de Vasconcelos , Salerno Mario Sergio , Fleury André Leme , Saraiva Junior Abraão Freires
Published: March 2015

Spin-off acadêmico é um tipo de nova firma que, geralmente, nasce para explorar uma inovação radical capaz de criar um novo mercado ou desafiar as regras de um setor estabelecido. Fundamentado em uma combinação de pesquisa bibliográfica, estudos de múltiplos casos e intervenções à luz da pesquisa-ação, este trabalho objetiva contribuir para a literatura de inovação e empreendedorismo em dois aspectos. Primeiro, propõe o conceito de inovação como transição em três dimensões: grau (desvio em relação a um aspecto), extensão (número de aspectos e atores envolvidos) e trajetória (sequência de inovações ao longo do tempo). A segunda contribuição é a construção de umframework com estrutura não linear e recursiva que integra a inovação ao planejamento e ao desenvolvimento do spin-offabordando o gerenciamento das incertezas. Finalmente, conclui-se que oframework proposto pode auxiliar empreendedores, investidores e universidades no desafio de criar empresas para explorar uma inovação radical.
Gestão de ciclo de vida e desenvolvimento de produto: análise bibliométrica e classificação da literatura
Authors: Varandas Junior Angelo , Miguel Paulo Augusto Cauchick , Carvalho Marly Monteiro de , Zancul Eduardo de Senzi
Published: March 2015

O objetivo deste trabalho é realizar um mapeamento e classificação da literatura, bem como uma análise bibliométrica sobre os conceitos Product Life Cycle Management (PLM), Product Development Process(PDP), Environmental Sustainability (ES) e suas interfaces. As publicações de interesse foram localizadas por meio de consultas na base de dados de periódicos da ISI Web of Knowledge, por meio do portal da CAPES, considerando publicações entre 2006 e 2010. Os resultados indicam que os trabalhos são publicados em uma gama variada de periódicos e congressos e que a maioria das publicações analisadas utiliza como abordagem metodológica o estudo de caso, mas também existe uma grande proporção de trabalhos teórico-conceituais. Quanto à natureza dos dados verificou-se que a abordagem qualitativa tem sido mais adotada e é praticamente predominante a condução de estudos descritivos. Em síntese, os trabalhos analisados incorporam o conceito de sustentabilidade ambiental e PLM no PDP e são mais aplicados em empresas, cadeia de suprimentos e desenvolvimento de software. De modo geral, os trabalhos analisados enfatizam a melhoria da gestão do PDP, o aumento do desempenho e a integração de informações de diferentes áreas e sistemas. A literatura converge para a inserção dos conceitos de sustentabilidade ambiental e PLM nas atuais práticas do PDP.
Uma abordagem cognitiva sobre o processo de institucionalização de sistemas locais de produção e inovação
Authors: Leandro Cláudio Roberto , Amato Neto João
Published: March 2015

A evolução de um Sistema Local de Produção e Inovação (SLPI) é acompanhada pela formação de arranjos institucionais responsáveis pela coordenação das ações entre empresários e demais agentes locais. O período embrionário desse processo é marcado por dificuldades em alinhar as instituições e as regras sociais às regras individuais determinadas pela lógica empresarial. O artigo analisa como o nível de habilidade cognitiva empresarial influencia a capacidade de interpretação das instituições presentes em um SLPI. A pesquisa, desenvolvida com 20 empresários em uma aglomeração do setor de vestuário na cidade de Indaiatuba, propõe uma metodologia para mensurar a correlação entre a variação nos níveis de habilidade cognitiva dos empresários e a capacidade de interpretação das instituições. A pesquisa evidencia que existem diferentes níveis de estruturas cognitivas dentro do SLPI e que a variação nos níveis de cognição empresarial está associada à capacidade de interpretação das instituições.
Desenvolvimento de produtos usando a abordagem MCDA-C
Authors: Machado Tiago Pereira Santos de Oliveira , Ensslin Leonardo , Ensslin Sandra Rolin
Published: March 2015

O objetivo do presente trabalho consiste em construir um modelo para auxiliar a gestão do desenvolvimento de produtos de uma empresa de eletrodomésticos. Trata-se de um estudo de caso, exploratório e de natureza prática, que segue uma abordagem quali-quantitativa. Os dados para estruturação do problema foram coletados diretamente com o gestor do departamento de cocção e em documentos internos da empresa. O instrumento de intervenção utilizado foi a Abordagem Multicritério de Apoio à Decisão Construtivista (MCDA-C), que permitiu ao gestor desse contexto visualizar os critérios que devem ser considerados em um processo de avaliação de fogões, bem como permitiu a mensuração ordinal e cardinal do desempenho dos fogões de mesa, auxiliando assim nas decisões de elaboração de projetos de desenvolvimento e aprimoramento desses produtos. Para facilitar o entendimento deste artigo, os autores optaram por dar foco a um dos critérios do modelo: a usabilidade.
Genetic diversity in soybean genotypes with resistance to Heterodera glycines
Authors: Matsuo Éder , Sediyama Tuneo , Cruz Cosme Damião , Oliveira Rosângela D'Arc de Lima , Oliveira Rita de Cássia Teixeira , Nogueira Ana Paula Oliveira
Published: March 2015

The purpose of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity among soybean genotypes inoculated with Heterodera glycines race 3. The experiments were conducted in a greenhouse. In two performance tests of morphological characteristics and resistance to the pathogen, 27 soybean genotypes were assessed. The coefficient of genotypic determination was estimated by the method of analysis of variance and the genetic diversity analyzed based on dendrograms and optimization method. The estimated coefficients of determination indicated a predominantly genetic origin of the genotypic differences in the traits. The genetic variability was maintained in the superior genotypes, which can be used in breeding programs for resistance to soybean cyst nematode.
Genetic diversity in NaN3-induced common bean mutants and commercial varieties detected by AFLP
Authors: Chen CL , Wang HH , Jeng TL , Chuang SJ , Wei ML , Min Sung Jih
Published: March 2015

The analysis of Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) was used to estimate genetic diversity in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) variety Hwachia and in 34 NaN3-induced mutants and 11 commercial varieties introduced from China. Eight primer combinations generated 516 DNA fragments of the tested mutants and introduced varieties, of which 448 fragments were polymorphic. The calculated Jaccard similarity coefficients based on AFLP data ranged from 0.47 to 0.84. The molecular profiles obtained from eight AFLP primer pairs indicated a high genetic diversity among Hwachia, NaN3-induced mutants and introduced varieties. The extent of genetic variation was slightly higher between Hwachia and NaN3-induced mutants than between Hwachia and introduced commercial varieties. These results, supported by cluster analysis, suggest that NaN3-induced mutagenesis effectively broadens the genetic diversity of common bean varieties. Some of the produced mutants could be useful as sources of variation to develop new improved common bean varieties.
Effective Weed Management, Collective Action, and Landownership Change in Western Montana
Authors: Yung Laurie , Chandler John , Haverhals Marijka
Published: March 2015

Rural landscapes are increasingly diverse and heterogeneous, involving a mix of small and large parcels, amenity and agricultural properties, and resident and absentee owners. Managing invasive plants in landscapes with changing ownership requires understanding the views and practices of different landowners. We surveyed landowners in two rural valleys with 26% absentee ownership and a large number of small parcels in Missoula County, Montana. Landowners indicated a high level of awareness and concern about weeds; more than 80% agreed that weeds are a problem in their valley. Seventy-eight percent of landowners managed weeds, but only 63% were effective at weed management. Absentee owners were far less likely to manage weeds on their properties and less likely to utilize herbicides, as compared with resident landowners. Landowners reported that seeds coming from adjacent properties were the most significant barrier to effective weed control. Many landowners manage weeds to be a good neighbor and believe that cooperation between neighbors is critical to weed management.
Pattern load analyses for irregular floor systems
Authors: Ho Don Y. B.
Published: March 2015

It is commonly accepted that pattern load effects are important considerations for the structural design of flooring systems. However, most currently available guidelines are primarily proposed for conventional regular continuous beams and slabs with orthogonal grids, which may often be unclear when applied to more general situations. Derived from the influence line concept, and with simple yet rigorous mathematics, an accurate, simple, robust, well-defined and computationally efficient alternative approach is presented in this paper for pattern load analyses of arbitrary multiple-way spanning floor systems. Designed to work seamlessly with existing commercial finite-element analysis packages, the proposed alternative method provides more realistic estimations of the design load on structural members, and is proved to be practical for daily design practices. It also minimises the need for engineering judgement in the analyses, which will help the future development of computerised automation and optimisation of structural designs to be applicable to the detail design stage.
A new method for evaluating the sustainability of bridges
Authors: Arya Chanakya , Amiri Ali , Vassie Perry
Published: March 2015

Civil infrastructure projects such as bridges can have a major impact on many of the issues relevant to sustainability and it is therefore important that civil and structural engineers have methods at their disposal that will help them deliver sustainable designs. This paper describes a new model for appraising the sustainability of bridges. The indictors used to assess sustainability are climate change, resource use, waste, biodiversity and heritage, noise, dust, vibration, aesthetics, employment and businesses, construction costs, maintenance costs and user delay costs. The paper describes the aim of each indicator and provides details of the methods of measurement. The paper also presents the results of a case study on the appraisal of three alternative designs of an over-bridge for a dual two-lane motorway to discover which option is the most sustainable. Details of the key input parameters are provided. The way in which individual impacts are combined to produce an overall sustainability score for a given structure is highlighted. The paper concludes with a discussion on interpreting the results and ways of further improving the sustainability of the selected design.
PLANEJAMENTO ESTRATÉGICO SITUACIONAL APLICADO EM UMA PEQUENA EMPRESA DE SERVIÇOS DE ITAPEVA, SP
Authors: Rodrigues Jorge Luiz Knupp , Santos Oderlei Ferreira dos , Santos Neusa Maria Bastos Fernandes
Published: March 2015

Este trabalho visa identificar quais os resultados de um diagnóstico sobre a gestão estratégica de uma pequena empresa do setor de serviços da cidade de Itapeva, SP. Foi realizado um estudo de caso, por meio da aplicação da Análise Estratégica Tridimensional descrita por Santos (2014), que visa identificar como se desenvolvem as ações estratégicas na organização, tendo como embasamento os modelos de Planejamento Estratégico Tradicional e Planejamento Estratégico Situacional. A relevância do estudo consiste no tocante que as micro e pequenas empresas possuem grandes dificuldades em institucionalizar métodos de planejamento estratégico levando a problemas de competitividade. Os resultados demonstram que embora não tenha um método formal de planejamento estratégico instituído, a empresa desenvolve diversas ações estratégicas que a mantém atuante no mercado e que a gestão pode ser ajustada em alguns aspectos para aprimorar os conceitos estratégicos praticados.
O DIREITO À INFORMAÇÃO E O ACESSO A DOCUMENTOS PÚBLICOS DA DITADURA MILITAR: A PROTEÇÃO PELA JURISDIÇÃO CONSTITUCIONAL
Authors: Júnior João Francisco da Mota
Published: March 2015

O presente trabalho questiona como a jurisdição

constitucional contribui – ou contribuiu – para a

proteção do direito à informação referente aos documentos

públicos da ditadura militar, por meio

da análise empírica do RMS nº 23036 do STF e da

ADPF nº 153. A questão ao envolver a garantia do

acesso a documentos do período do regime militar

se reporta a princípios constitucionais e basilares

da sociedade contemporânea, o que, sem

dúvida, inclui o direito fundamental à informação

e o direito à verdade. Nos referidos julgamentos,

anteriores à Lei de Acesso à Informação, o STF embora

afirme faltar norma regulamentadora para o

exercício do direito à informação (art. 5º, XXXIII,

CF), utiliza-se de princípios e interpretação para

concessão e garantia desse direito, como jurisdição

constitucional.
Platelet‐Rich Fibrin With 1% Metformin for the Treatment of Intrabony Defects in Chronic Periodontitis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Pradeep A.R. , Nagpal Kanika , Karvekar Shruti , Patnaik Kaushik , Naik Savitha B. , Guruprasad C.N.
Published: March 2015

Background: Platelet‐rich fibrin (PRF) is a second‐generation platelet concentrate that releases various growth factors that promote tissue regeneration. Metformin (MF), a member of the biguanide group, has been shown to facilitate osteoblast differentiation and thus may exhibit a favorable effect on alveolar bone. The current study is designed to evaluate the efficacy of open‐flap debridement (OFD) combined with PRF, 1% MF gel, and PRF + 1% MF gel in the treatment of intrabony defects (IBDs) in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP).

Methods: One hundred twenty patients with single defects were categorized into four treatment groups: OFD alone, OFD with PRF, OFD with 1% MF, and OFD with PRF plus 1% MF. Clinical parameters such as site‐specific plaque index (PI), modified sulcus bleeding index (mSBI), probing depth (PD), relative attachment level (RAL), and gingival marginal level (GML) were recorded at baseline (before surgery) and 9 months postoperatively. Percentage radiographic IBD depth reduction was evaluated using computer‐aided software at baseline and 9 months.

Results: PRF, 1% MF, and PRF + 1% MF groups showed significantly more PD reduction and RAL gain than the OFD‐only group. Mean PD reduction and mean RAL gain were found to be greater in the PRF + 1% MF group compared to just PRF or MF at 9 months. Furthermore, PRF + 1% MF group sites showed a significantly greater percentage of radiographic defect depth reduction (52.65% ± 0.031%) compared to MF (48.69% ± 0.026%), PRF (48% ± 0.029%), and OFD alone (9.14% ± 0.04%) at 9 months.

Conclusion: The PRF + 1% MF group showed greater improvements in clinical parameters, with greater percentage radiographic defect depth reduction compared to MF, PRF, or OFD alone in treatment of IBDs in patients with CP.
Failure of Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty Secondary to New Onset of Paget Disease
Authors: Amundsen Spencer , Koenig Karl , Goodwin Douglas , Memoli Vincent
Published: March 2015

Case:

Paget disease of bone occurs in 3% to 4% of the population over fifty years of age, more often in men than in women. There is no known genetic basis for the disease, which is often diagnosed via incidental radiographic findings. We present a seventy-seven-year-old man with new-onset Paget disease after total hip arthroplasty, leading to loosening of the femoral stem and necessitating revision.

Conclusion:

This case emphasizes the need for thoughtful evaluation of patients with failed arthroplasty and proposes steps for an appropriate workup prior to revision surgery.
Necrotizing Soft-Tissue Infection of the Thumb
Authors: Bohm Kyle , Ward Christina M.
Published: March 2015

Case:

We present the case of a fifty-three-year-old man who presented with a necrotizing soft-tissue infection (NSTI) of the thumb, which tracked along the flexor pollicis longus tendon into the space of Parona. In this case report, we review the clinical and laboratory findings diagnostic of NSTI as well as the appropriate initial treatment for this challenging problem.

Conclusion:

NSTI is a rare, life-threatening condition that must be identified and treated promptly for optimal results. In our patient, although we amputated the necrotic thumb, we were able to salvage the remaining hand and wrist despite more proximal involvement.
Nitrate Leaching, Turf Quality, and Growth Rate of ‘Floratam’ St. Augustinegrass and Common Centipedegrass
Authors: Telenko Darcy E. P. , Shaddox Travis W. , Unruh J. Bryan , Trenholm Laurie E.
Published: March 2015

Turf fertilization in Florida continues to be viewed as contributing to nonpoint‐source pollution of ground water. Continued research is needed to validate existing best management practices (BMPs). The objectives of this research were to evaluate nitrate‐N (NO3–N) leaching, turf quality, and turf growth rate from N sources applied to ‘Floratam’ St. Augustine grass [Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walter) Kuntze] and common centipede grass [Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro) Hack.]. Research was conducted in Jay, FL, from 2008 to 2011. Nitrogen was applied in 60‐d cycles at 48 kg ha−1 as ammonium nitrate, urea, 30% slow‐release N (SRN), 50% SRN, polymer‐coated urea (PCU), and biosolid (BS) and in 120‐d cycles at 98 kg ha−1 as PCU. Nitrogen leaching was greatest during the first 6 mo following turf sodding for both species with 21.6 and 10.1 kg ha−1 leached from St. Augustinegrass and centipedegrass, respectively. Following sodding, no differences in N leached between turfgrasses were observed until 2010 when winterkill and large patch (Rhizoctonia solani Kühn) were observed on St. Augustinegrass. Turf quality of control plots was above acceptable levels in 2008 but was unacceptable by 2011. Each N source produced acceptable centipedegrass with few differences among N sources. A blend of 50% ammonium sulfate and 50% PCU resulted in higher growth rates and turf quality of St. Augustinegrass than other N sources in most years. Recommending N applications to newly sodded turf may not be necessary due to the risk of leaching during establishment.
Continuous Network Design Based on the Paired Combinatorial Logit Stochastic User Equilibrium Model
Authors: Li Xuefei , Lang Maoxiang
Published: March 2015

In order to design the traffic network more accurately, the bi-level programming model for the continuous network
design problem based on the paired combinatorial Logit stochastic user equilibrium model is proposed in this study.
In the model, the paired combinatorial Logit stochastic user equilibrium model which is used to characterize the route
choice behaviors of the users is adopted in the lower level model, and the minimum summation of the system total costs
and investment amounts is used in the upper objective function. The route-based self-regulated averaging (SRA) algorithm
is designed to solve the stochastic user equilibrium model and the genetic algorithm (GA) is designed to get the optimal
solution of the upper objective function. The effectiveness of the proposed combining algorithm which contains GA
and SRA is verified by using a simple numerical example. The solutions of the bi-level models which use the paired
combinatorial Logit stochastic user equilibrium model in the lower level model with different demand levels are compared.
Finally, the impact of the dispersion coefficient parameter which influences the decision results of the network design
problem is analyzed.
Optimal Sensor Placement for the Tower Structure Based on Key Components
Authors: Chao-Shan Yang , Hua Cheng , Zhong-Gang Wang
Published: March 2015

In order to improve the large-scale complex spatial structure sensor placement, this paper puts forward an optimal
sensor placement method for the tower structure based on key components. According to this method, different
probabilities of the structure system’s reliability degree caused by the same damage degree of components are firstly calculated;
then component weight coefficients are introduced to measure the relative importance of various components in
the whole structure system; the key components of the structure system are defined according to the value of weight coefficients;
then modal parameters are adopted to analyze the damage sensitivity of the key components and to find out the
vibration modes and measuring points sensitive to the damage of key components, thus to finish the sensor placement.
Fully considering the structure characteristics, this method can solve the optimization issues, including the quantity of
measurement points and the position, and avoid the complex iterative algorithm and modal expansion error, so it contributes
to better controlling the structure state. Finally, through the calculation example of a communication tower, the feasibility
and the validity of the method are proved.
Harmonic Frequency Estimation Based on Modified-MUSIC Algorithm in Power System
Authors: Sun Xiangwen , Sun Ligong
Published: March 2015

This paper presents a new harmonics frequency estimation method. Unlike the conventional harmonic frequency
estimation method (fast Fourier transform), the new algorithm is based on spectrum analysis techniques often used to
estimate the direction of angle; the most popular is the multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm. The drawbacks
of MUSIC algorithm are concluded. Improved-MUSIC approximation algorithm is introduced and compared with FFT
based on algorithm for harmonic frequency estimation. Theoretical analysis and simulations show this algorithm is a super-
resolution algorithm with small data length.
On Improving the Time Synchronization Precision in the Electric Power System
Authors: Song Qiang , Jia Weifeng
Published: March 2015

In order to improve the time synchronization precision in the electronic power system, the transmission of the
timing information is demodulated based on FPGA. Based on the time service accuracy, the transmission timing information
adopts IRIG-B code, the digital Costas loop is introduced in the process of FPGA demodulating IRIG-B code,
which can extract the zero-crossing point information of IRIG-B code to avoid the problems of zero drift and pulse jitter
in zero-crossing detection circuit. In this article, the time unifying terminal equipment has adopted the BeiDou satellite
navigation receiver as the clock source and the output standard is IRIG-B code. The simulation results show that the algorithm
reduces the synchronization errors of IRIG-B code, improves the timing synchronization precision, and fulfills the
requirement of timing accuracy in the power system.
Numerical Simulation of Middle Thick Plate in the U-Shaped Bending
Spring Back and the Change of Thickness
Authors: Ren Jianhua , Guo Xiaogang
Published: March 2015

In this paper, the typical U-shaped pieces were taken as the object of study and the finite element numerical
simulation software Dynaform is applied to simulate the effect of sheet metal bending. The U-shaped bending spring back
and its thickness change are analyzed. The influence law of main parameters of die structure to sheet thickness change and
the spring back amount are obtained by combining with the orthogonal analysis method. Finally a set of the optimal
parameter combination is found, the spring back of U-shaped piece and the change of the thickness are controlled in a
reasonable range.
Research on Magnetic Valve Structure Optimization of Magnetic
Controlled Reactor
Authors: Xu Xiangzheng
Published: March 2015

This paper analyzes the power loss of magnetically controlled reactor based on the basic theory of the
electromagnetic field. In a variety of magnetic valve structure models as the object, physical simulation models of the
reactor are built. Using Ansoft Maxwell simulation software, various magnetic valve structures of the reactor are studied
by the analysis of the magnetic valve type reactor core and coil power loss. The simulation results show that the reactor’s
magnetic field distribution of the multistage magnetic valve structure is uniform, and inhibition effect of edge effect is
obvious. The reactor power loss of multistage magnetic valve structure is least. Core loss is 47.6% lower than a single
stage magnetic valve reactor, and coil eddy current loss is 62.9% lower than that of single stage magnetic valve reactor.
Free Vibration for an Electromagnetic Harmonic Movable Tooth Drive System
Authors: Liang Yongli , Xu Lizhong
Published: March 2015

The authors proposed an electromagnetic harmonic movable tooth drive system which is an electromechanical coupled system where the coupled dynamics controls its overall operating behavior. However, the coupled dynamics of such a system was not found in the literature. In this paper, an electromechanical coupled dynamics equation of the flexible ring subjected to electromagnetic force is presented. Using the equation, the natural frequencies and vibration modes of the flexible ring are investigated. The results show that the natural frequency of the drive system is affected by mechanical and electrical parameters among which, the coil current, the average static displacement of the flexible ring and the air gap have more obvious influence on the natural frequencies. The results are useful for the design and further study of the dynamics performance for the drive system.
Concept System and Function of Dynamic Symmetry in Mechanical Product Structure
Authors: Ma Zhiyong , Liu Fan
Published: March 2015

Dynamic symmetry is a common phenomenon in mechanical product structures, and is used for describing the
regular motion process over time in mechanical systems. It plays an important role in implementing product functions,
transfering and transforming movement motion, increasing the strength of product functions, expanding the scope of the
functions. For the case that the lack of research about dynamic symmetry and imperfection of symmetric system, based on
the analysis of instances, a new concept system of mechanical dynamic structure symmetry was established by taking the
different properties of the geometric character and the time character of the motion process as standards. The concept
system is made up of rotation dynamic symmetry, translation dynamic symmetry, scaling dynamic symmetry,
combinatorial dynamic symmetry, time-translation dynamic symmetry and time-inversion dynamic symmetry. Among the
concept systemthe author has a symmetry theory analysis of many instances to verify the validity and rationality of the
established symmetry concept system. Finally, the functions of dynamic symmetry in realizing the function of transferring
or transforming motion, matching the space-time characters and improving the performance of mechanical product
functions was proposed. The concept system can completely describes the existences of dynamic structure symmetries in
mechanical systems, and can offer an academic basis for further research on the functions and application laws of
dynamic structure symmetry in mechanical systems.
Dynamic Modeling and Experimental Verification of Bus Pneumatic Brake System
Authors: Yi Lu , Bowen Xu , Bin Guo
Published: March 2015

The dynamic characteristic of pneumatic brake system is very important, so the full-parameter model of the
pneumatic brake system was established on the base of the technology of computer simulation. Its key brake components
include brake valve, relay valve, diaphragm brake chamber and pneumatic circuit. AMESim was first introduced on the
basis of mathematical derivation. So the multivariable complexity derivation, nonlinear mathematical relationship can be
avoided. The model can be used for the bus brake system multi-parameter simulation and design. A pneumatic brake
system test-bed was designed to verify the accuracy of the model. It can measure the dynamic characteristic and the output
response coordination of each component. It was showed that the simulation results were fit to the experiment results. For
the deviation, the explanation and analysis were also given. The response hysteresis of the brake system is mainly caused
by the rubber diaphragm deformation in brake chamber. This research laid the foundation for the further structural
optimization of brake components and fitness analysis of the pneumatic brake system.
Study on Rub-Impact Dynamical Behavior of An Asymmetrical Rotor-Bearing with Variable Ratio of Stiffness
Authors: Lian Tan , Pei Dang
Published: March 2015

A rub-impact mathematic model of an Asymmetrical rotor-bearing with nonlinear oil film force is built in the
paper. The bifurcation diagrams of the response were given following the changing of ratio of stiffness. We analyzed the
bifurcation and the chaos character of an Asymmetrical rotor-bearing with operating rotor stiffness changing, then we get
the dynamical character and the law when the rubbing happen. The nonlinear dynamic behaviors of the system were
studied by using the numerical value integral and Poincare mapping methods. By analysis the process of rub-impact, it is
so complex and many low frequencies with large amplitude are in the range of 0.3~0.6 X. The way of period-chaos-period
and the phenomena of diverging backward whirl are discovered when the rubbing happen. These results provide important
theoretical references for the safety operation of generating sets and the exact identification of the faults in rotating
machinery.
Research on Impact of Cooling Fan’s Geometry on Nozzle’s Heat Load of the Air-Cooled Diesel Engine
Authors: Fu Jun , Tang Yuan , Yuan Wenhua , Li Guangming , Chen Wei , Ma Yi
Published: March 2015

In order to study the nozzle’s temperature distribution and to reduce its heat load, the heat transfer boundary
condition of nozzle has been simplified appropriately, considering the details of the convectional heat transfer inside the
nozzle and the needle body contact heat transfer. Results of the simulation with ANSYS software show that the nozzle’s
temperature distribution is complicated and high-temperature region are concentrated in the nozzle’s head. Considering
the fact that the cooling fan plays an important role in reducing the heat load of air-cooled engine, the test points were
reasonably selected to measure the needle valve body’s temperature as well as to seek reasonable cooling fan blade
numbers and the blade installation angle for the air outlet in order to improve the thermal load of the nozzle. It was found
that the nozzle’s temperature decreases at first but then increased when the fan blade numbers and the blade installation
angle for air outlet increased, and the impact of the number of blades on the nozzle’s temperature was more significant
than the blade installation angle for the air outlet. With the scheme of the blade installation angle of 132° with respect to
the air outlet and with 20 blades, the temperature of the nozzle needle valve’s head and middle decreases to 21 K and 7 K
on average compared with the original scheme, which has a good effect on reducing the temperature of the nozzle’s
needle valve head, and the temperature gradient between two test points also reduced by 0.65 K/mm on average. It
provides a reference for reducing the nozzle’s heat load.
Design and Analysis on a Pressure Control Device to Setting Load for
Hydraulic Support in Coal Face
Authors: Lianmin Cao , Fan Zhang , Weiyang Chen , Lianjun Chen
Published: March 2015

This paper mainly designs a device for improving setting load of hydraulic support. The device could enhance
the pressure of bottom cavity of the stand column in hydraulic support, decrease the late bearing time of stand column of
hydraulic support, shore the roof of coal face effectively, prevent the roof fall caused by separating the roof of wall rock
untimely from the layer, and ensure the safety production in the coal facing, with the circumstance that the structure of
liquid valve bank of hydraulic support isn’t changed and that it has no influence on the normal working of liquid-inlet and
rising support. The device using the techniques of hydraumatic and machinery, of which the structure is simple, safe and
reliable, is convenient for the work at the underground coal mine. Through the simulated analysis for hydraulic circuit of
hydraulic support and the field test, the hydraulic system of hydraulic support is stability with no larger vibration and has
a better effect on pressurizing, after using the device. So, the automatic pressure control device to setting load has good
popularization and application value.
The Design of Water Intake System and Analysis of Water Quality
Conditions of the Regional Energy System of Complex River Water Source
Heat Pump
Authors: Si Pengfei , Rong Xiangyang , Li Angui , Min Xiaodan , Yang Zhengwu , Xie Wei
Published: March 2015

As a realization of the energy cascade utilization, the regional energy system has the significant potential of
energy saving. As a kind of renewable energy, river water source heat pump also can greatly reduce the energy
consumption of refrigeration and heating system. Combining the regional energy and water source heat pump technology,
to achieve cooling, heating and power supply for a plurality of block building is of great significance to reduce building
energy consumption. This paper introduces a practical engineering case which combines the regional energy system of
complex river water source heat pump, which provides a detailed analysis of the hydrology and water quality conditions
of the river water source heat pump applications, and discusses the design methods of water intake and drainage system.
The results show that the average temperature of cold season is about 23.5 °C, the heating season is about 13.2 °C; the
abundant regional water flow can meet the water requirement of water source heat pump unit; the sediment concentration
index cannot meet the requirement of river water source heat pump if the water enters the unit directly; the river water
chemistry indicators (pH, Cl-, SO42-, total hardness, total iron) can meet the requirement of river water source heat pump,
and it is not required to take special measures to solve the problem. However, the problem of sediment concentration of
water must be solved.
Do False Financial Statements Distort Peer Firms' Decisions?
Authors: Li Valerie
Published: March 2015

Beatty, Liao, and Wu (2013) document that financial misreporting by prominent firms distorts peer firms' capital investment decisions. Using a large sample of firms subject to SEC and DOJ enforcement actions for accounting misstatements, I establish three important generalizations. First, the adverse effect of financial misstatements documented by Beatty et al. (2013) is not limited to high-profile scandals and can be generalized to a larger population. Second, the distortions are not confined to capital investments; they also extend to choices peer firms make with respect to R&D, advertising, and pricing policies—decisions with immediate bottom-line impact. Third, I document that the magnitude of the distortion varies predictably with peer firms' characteristics, the misstating firms' external information environment, and the industry-specific information environment within which the misstatement occurs. Specifically, I find smaller distortions for larger peers and peers managed by more able managers, and larger distortions for more widely followed misstating firms and in the industries in which more firms misstate. Collectively, my results suggest that the distortive effect of financial misstatements is larger and more pervasive than documented in prior research.
Increased Durability of Resin-Dentin Bonds Following Cross-Linking Treatment
Authors: Scheffel DLS , Delgado CC , Soares DG , Basso FG , de Souza Costa CA , Pashley DH , Hebling J
Published: March 2015

Objectives: This study evaluated the long-term effect of carbodiimide treatments of acid-etched dentin on resin-dentin bond strength of a simplified etch-and-rinse adhesive system.

Methods: Forty-eight sound third molars were divided into three groups (n=16) according to the dentin treatment: G1: deionized water; G2: 0.5 mol/L 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) applied for 30 seconds; and G3: 0.5 mol/L EDC applied for 60 seconds. Flat dentin surfaces were produced, etched with 37% phosphoric acid for 15 seconds, and then treated with deionized water for 60 seconds or with 0.5 mol/L EDC for 30 or 60 seconds prior to the application of Single Bond 2. Crowns were restored with resin composite, and beam specimens were prepared for microtensile testing. The beams from each group were tested 24 hours or 6 or 12 months after the adhesive procedures. One slab from each tooth was prepared and analyzed for nanoleakage. Bond strength (MPa) data were submitted to analysis of variance and Tukey test (α=0.05).

Results: The treatment of dentin with 0.5 mol/L EDC for 30 seconds (24.1±6.2 MPa) and 60 seconds (25.5±5.1 MPa) did not negatively affect the immediate bond strength of Single Bond 2 when compared to the control group (24.6±7.3 MPa). Additionally, EDC prevented resin-dentin bond degradation after 12 months in artificial saliva for both periods of treatment. An increased accumulation of silver ions was seen for the control group over time, while a much lower amount of silver grains was observed for the EDC-treated groups.

Conclusions: 0.5 mol/L EDC was able to prevent resin-dentin bond degradation after 12 months, especially when applied for 60 seconds.
The Effect of Hydrofluoric Acid Concentration on the Bond Strength and Morphology of the Surface and Interface of Glass Ceramics to a Resin Cement
Authors: Sundfeld Neto D , Naves LZ , Costa AR , Correr AB , Consani S , Borges GA , Correr-Sobrinho L
Published: March 2015

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of various concentrations of hydrofluoric acid (HF) on the surface/interface morphology and μ–shear bond strength (μSBS) between IPS Empress Esthetic (EST) (Ivoclar Vivadent) and IPS e.max Press (EMX) (Ivoclar Vivadent) ceramics and resin cement. Ceramic blocks were divided into 12 groups for each kind of ceramic. Six different HF concentrations were evaluated: 1%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, and 15%. All groups were silanated after etching, and half of the specimens within each group received a thin layer of unfilled resin (UR). Three resin cement cylinders were prepared on each ceramic block for μSBS testing. The specimens were stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours. The μSBS test was carried out in a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min until fracture. The data were submitted to three-way analysis of variance and multiple comparisons were performed using the Tukey post hoc test (p<0.05). The etched surfaces and bonded interfaces were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy. μSBS means (MPa) for 1%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, and 15% HF concentrations were, respectively, 25.2, 27.2, 30.1, 31.4, 33.3, and 31.8. μSBS means with or without UR application measured 32.24 and 27.4, respectively; EST and EMX measured 29.8 and 29.9, respectively. For the HF concentrations, 10% and 15% showed higher μSBS means than did 1% and 2.5% (p<0.05); 7.5% was higher than 1% (p<0.05); and no statistical differences were found among the other concentrations (p>0.05). When evaluating UR, μSBS mean was significantly higher and better infiltration was observed on the etched surfaces. No statistical difference was found between the ceramics. The HF concentration and UR influenced the bond strength and surface/interface morphology.