bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FIRE HAZARD OF HYBRID AND ELECTRICAND VEHICLES
Authors: Kravtsov M.
Published: September 2023

In the following time, we received information from many countries of the world about accidents related to fires and explosions of motor vehicles with electric and hybrid vehicles. The popularity of such news is caused by the fact that accidents and fires of cars with internal combustion engines have long become commonplace, which do not attract the attention of the general public. However, many numerous and conducted scientific studies say about the danger of electric and hybrid vehicle models with lithium-ion batteries that they are greatly exaggerated, i.e., damage to the traction battery (battery) can cause a self-destructive chain reaction, but the degree the danger of electrolyte is less than that of gasoline or diesel fuel and much less than that of hydrogen fuel in hybrid modifications. The article examines the causes of the fire hazard of electric and hybrid cars and their consequences. Scientific reasons and innovations regarding the prevention and immediate elimination of short circuits, fires and explosions in the closed space of lithium-ion batteries during the operation of electric hybrid cars are provided. Electric vehicles and hybrids tend to suffer from traction battery technical and other issues. Although a battery flash is dangerous and more difficult to extinguish than a gas flash, the cause of the fire is usually different and these results are found in a defect in the battery pack: "ruptured anode" and "complex separator". The Hyundai Kona and Chevrolet Bolt EV had the most electric vehicle recalls related to fires this year, totaling 152,000 vehicles, while the top two hybrid recalls totaled more than 32,000 vehicles. A lithium-ion type of car catches fire usually not immediately, but after some time. This determines the driver and passengers to immediately leave the interior of the vehicle. When extinguishing a fire, there is a risk of damage to passengers, eyewitnesses and others who are near it by the electric current of high-voltage systems. It is recommended to get out of the interior of the car engulfed in fire and smoke in a timely manner and call the rescuers of the Ministry of Emergency Situations by calling the emergency service. The main task of the firefighters who arrived in the city at the first stage of the event was to disconnect the high-voltage cable using an emergency disconnector or mechanically and to disconnect the high-voltage traction battery. Although the risk of flash in EVs and hybrids exists, it may be receiving a disproportionate amount of attention. It is important for car manufacturers to eliminate the risk of ignition in their vehicles as much as possible, but obviously no form of driving is completely safe.
Keywords: hybrid and electricand car, fire, explosion, lithium-ion battery.
RECOVERY PROSPECTS OF THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE TERRITORIES
Authors: Denysenko N.
Published: September 2023

The main goal of state and local development policies should be the creation of an economic system able to generate a sufficient amount of resources in the long term.
The war lead to the destruction of critical infrastructure in many regions, material losses, millions of forced displacements, and demographic shifts. Traditional challenges of local governance and development in Ukraine have been augmented by new complications. In the course of the study, modern challenges for localities were analyzed and summarized.
The concept of "affected territories" is proposed to be introduced into the normative regulation meaning territories or their parts that suffered from the conduct of hostilities or missile-bomb/artillery attacks. In order to make effective management decisions regarding the possibility of restoring such territories, it is necessary to develop a certain classification based on the degree of destruction and population loss (including due to evacuation/migration) and create a map of such territories.
The restoration of Ukraine is the restoration of fully-fledged life in cities and villages and the formation of a new economy while taking into account new realities. The local private sector is the engine of economic activity and growth of the territory. Therefore, supporting entrepreneurship and smart investment in the development of small and medium-sized businesses must be a vital component of any recovery strategy.
The article examines groups of enterprises that continued to work and develop during the war. Additional threats and risks of enterprise operation are summarized, and losses are grouped. “Losses from war” are understood as the value expression of the result of a change in the condition of objects due to a violation of their integrity or deterioration of their properties, and an increase in actual or possible socio-economic and other losses that occur during the war.
It is substantiated in the research that the immediate factors in the process of restoration of territories should be working with investors, creating a favorable business environment and supporting entrepreneurial initiatives. Prospective areas of investment are summarized, taking into account modern changes in market needs.
Keywords: economic recovery of the territories, relocation of enterprises, recovery plan, prospective directions of investment.
MEAT CONSUMPTION IN UKRAINE: REALITIES AND PROBLEMS OF DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Hromyk O. , Semenda O.
Published: September 2023

These studies analyzed the structure of meat production, outlined the share of sales of meat and meat products produced in Ukraine. The volume of meat export and import in time dynamics was studied in detail. It was established that the meat and meat products consumption fund fully meets the needs of the domestic market. Poultry production dominates in Ukraine. In recent years, our country has turned from an importer of this type of meat into an exporter. Chicken production has a number of competitive advantages compared to other types of meat, including the shortest raw meat procurement cycle and the lowest price. As a result, in recent years, the demand for this type of meat has been steadily growing both on the domestic and global markets. In general, the positive dynamics of poultry meat production in Ukraine indicates prospects for further expansion of its export. The volume of poultry meat exports increased to 459,000 tons. The poultry industry of Ukraine suffered significant losses due to the war and active hostilities, but at the same time, exporters managed to maintain the indicators of foreign sales at a typical level.
The standard of living of the population affects the meat market, as an important component of the food market of Ukraine. The most important food products include meat and meat products. It has been studied that despite the full-scale invasion of Russia into Ukraine, producers are increasing the volume of meat products despite the decline of certain industries. The structure of the meat market is undergoing restructuring. Restaurants are expanding their range of poultry dishes. The increase in consumption is due to the growth of demand and the low solvency of the population, as the most available type of meat. However, the growth of citizens' incomes will be a significant factor in increasing the consumption of meat products, which will clearly determine the need to intensify the development of the livestock industry. Prospects for further research should be implemented in the field of development of enterprises participating in the meat products market in Ukraine.
Keywords: restaurants, consumption, meat, meat products, export, import.
The Evolution of the Labour Share in Poland: New Evidence from Firm-Level Data
Authors: Zalas Sebastian , Drążkowski Hubert
Published: September 2023

Oceniamy przydatność niereprezentatywnych danych jednostkowych o firmach (Orbis) do wnioskowania o procesach gospodarczych w Polsce. Reprezentatywne dane jednostkowe nie są w Polsce dostępne do badań naukowych. Korzystając z dostępnych badań Growca [2009], dotyczących udziału płac w wartości dodanej w latach 1995–2008 w firmach zatrudniających ponad 50 pracowników, skupiamy się na tej samej kategorii ekonomicznej. Rozszerzamy zakres badania do 2019 r. oraz poszerzamy grupę przedsiębiorstw o firmy zatrudniające mniej niż 50 pracowników. Nasze oszacowania są podobne do oszacowań Growca [2009]. Wskazujemy także na wzrost udziału płac w wartości dodanej, szczególnie w ostatniej dekadzie oraz w mniejszych przedsiębiorstwach.
DIGITALIZING FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS BANK WITH QUIZZIZ
Authors: Rohadi Tedi , Mardhiyah Shofia
Published: September 2023

Some teachers have always been encountering difficulties in writing an assessment especially a formative assessment. It is apparent that assessment is necessary to measure the achievement of learning objectives in teaching and learning to meet today's needs. This study aims to scrutinize the current books of question bank products as a benchmarking and attempt later on to design a preliminary digitalized question bank form to help teachers conduct formative assessments. The study uses research and development model and qualitative approach. It applied three phases of Borg & Gall's theory: research and information gathering, planning, and preliminary product development. Documentary data collection techniques are used to identify the characteristics and limitations of the question bank. A critical literature review and qualitative item analysis were used to analyse the data. Twenty-six question bank indicators were identified from a review of related literature. Twenty-six indicators are used to investigate weaknesses in current question bank products. Ten shortcomings were identified in both products meanwhile the second product has fewer defects than the first. The preliminary form of the digitalized question bank was designed by adapting existing products and overcoming their shortcomings. Forty entries were written and displayed in a test. The developed items are characterized to be more relevant to higher-level thinking which is analysis level cognitive domain about 48%. In addition 52.5% of the developed items are identified as medium difficulty.
HUMOROUS DISCOURSE ON THE MIDDLE EAST: ATTITUDE TOWARDS REPRESENTATION
Authors: Novaldy Fauzan , Azizah Dinda Noor
Published: September 2023

Western perspective dominantly sees the Middle East in negative stereotypes. Many ways from many backgrounds start to criticize this perspective, including comedians utilizing comedy narration. This research aims at discovering how comedian represents Middle East and how the response manifests commenter’s attitude, applying descriptive qualitative research as a logical consequence that the data are in forms of stand-up performance transcription uploaded to YouTube and its sample comments from its comment column. Process of identifying Middle East representation and commenter’s attitude respectively utilizes Halliday’s transitivity and Martin & White’s appraisal system narrowed to attitude subsystem. The research results conclusions as follow. First, in terms of representation, the comedy narration provides an alternative platform to positively represent the Middle East, while second, commenter’s responses in attitude perspective mostly support the positive representation by showing their positive affection within themselves, favorable judgment in entity perspective, and affirmative appreciation to the happening event. This research attempt to see stimulated attitude after a representation in a specific social issue appears, while other researches documented in this writing integrate both theories at the same hierarchy. The relation varies in perspective of the audience stimulated by the discourse and who affirmatively experienced the discourse. At this point, comedy may have potency as a platform to pleasantly criticize sensitive issues
EXPLORING THE USE OF ONLINE RESOURCES FOR ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING: STUDENTS' PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Huda Moh. Choirul , Janattaka Nugrananda , Prayoga Novan Aditya
Published: September 2023

The use of digital technology and the internet has changed how language education works. It gives learners many tools to get better at languages. Teachers and researchers need to understand what online language resources are available to help learners efficiently. This research's main goal is to look into the online resources that students use to learn English and see what students think about them. The data we collected shows that most students like using Language Learning Websites (LLW) to learn English. This shows that interactive websites are important for teaching languages in modern times. The finding that Language Learning Websites are the preferred choice among students aligns with the current trend of a diverse range of LLWs available. Dealing with the students’ perception, the findings shows that the students generally have a positive view of online resources for learning English. However, there are still some challenges to work on to make these online platforms better. Researchers and educators need to keep up with these changes to help language learners in the digital age
Methodological Approaches to Selection of Personnel of Emergency Rescue Teams for Liquidation of Consequences of Radiation Accidents
Authors:   State Research Center – Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russian Federation, Proskuryakova N.L. , Bobrov A.F. ,   State Research Center – Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russian Federation, Simakov A.V. ,   State Research Center – Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russian Federation, Fortunatova L.I. ,   State Research Center – Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: September 2023

Summary. The aim of the study is to develop methodological approaches and criteria of selection of specialists for participation in the work on liquidation of consequences of radiation accidents as part of emergency rescue formations. Materials and research methods. Due to the lack of detailed individual medical, psychophysiological and dosimetric data on persons involved in the elimination of consequences of radiation accidents in the available scientific literature, the study was conducted using theories of occupational risks and functional reliability, as well as mathematical modeling of data on the results of health assessment and professional and psychophysiological adaptation of personnel of radiation facilities. Results of the study and their analysis. A conceptual model and criteria of professional selection of specialists for participation in the work on liquidation of consequences of radiation accidents are proposed for selection of personnel. The criteria include an integral indicator of the suitability level and a probabilistic nomogram determining the acceptable range of its variation. This indicator takes into account accumulated dose load, level of health loss of worker from the impact of life factors and his/her functional reliability. It is proposed to use the data of periodic medical examinations and psychophysiological examinations, as well as individual dosimetry to assess the level of professional suitability. A proposal is made to use the results of the conducted research on assessment of professional suitability to eliminate the consequences of radiation accidents as one of the qualification indicators of workers required for preliminary authorization to work in emergency rescue formations under conditions of planned increased exposure.
Assessment of fire risks in Russian Federation in general and its megacities using the example of Moscow and St. Petersburg, 2009–2021
Authors:   Nikiforov Russian Center of Emergency and Radiation Medicine, EMERCOM of Russia, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Evdokimov V.I. , Sibirko V.I. ,   All-Russian Research Institute for Fire Protection, EMERCOM of Russia, Balashikha, Moscow region, Russian Federation, Shapovalov S.G. ,   Nikiforov Russian Center of Emergency and Radiation Medicine, EMERCOM of Russia, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Yunusova Yu.R. ,   Nikiforov Russian Center of Emergency and Radiation Medicine, EMERCOM of Russia, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Martynov V.A. ,   All-Russian Research Institute for Fire Protection, EMERCOM of Russia, Balashikha, Moscow region, Russian Federation
Published: September 2023

Summary. The purpose of the study is, in connection with the change in the procedure for statistical recording of fires, to assess their health consequences in the Russian Federation as a whole and its megacities using the example of Moscow and St. Petersburg for 13 years (2009–2021). Materials and methods of research. Data on the number of fires was taken from the Federal Database “Fires” [https://sites.google.com/site/statistikapozaro/]; population size – on the Rosstat website [https://rosstat.gov.ru/]. Retrospectively, fire statistics since 2009 have included fires. The results of the study were checked for normal distribution of characteristics. The dynamics of indicators was studied using the analysis of time series, for which a 2nd order polynomial trend was used, etc. Research results and their analysis. As a result of the study, the following risks were calculated for the population of the Russian Federation as a whole, Moscow and St. Petersburg: the risk of being caught in a fire; risk of dying in a fire; risk of injury in a fire; individual risk of dying in a fire per 100 thousand population; individual risk of injury in a fire per 100 thousand population. Conclusions: As a rule, the magnitude of individual fire risks in megacities, due to the coordinated work of fire crews during fire fighting, evacuation of people and a number of other circumstances, was less than in the Russian Federation as a whole; there is also a downward trend. The individual risk of death in a fire in Moscow and St. Petersburg was low for Russia; in Moscow the individual risk of injury was low, in St. Petersburg it was average. The calculated new fire risks can be used when carrying out more targeted work to reduce them in the regions of the Russian Federation.
Dynamics of Volumetric Indicators of Emergency Hospitals during the Pandemic of the New Coronavirus Infection Covid-19
Authors:   Ministry of Health of the Ryazan Region, Ryazan, Russian Federation, Khominets V.V. , Filimonov S.К. ,   City Clinical Emergency Hospital, Ryazan, Russian Federation, Barsukova I.М. ,   St. Petersburg Research Institute of Emergency Medicine named after I.I. Dzhanelidze, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation,   First St. Petersburg State Medical University named after acad. I.P. Pavlova, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: September 2023

Summary. The aim of the study is to investigate the dynamics of volumetric indicators of emergency medical care inpatient work during the Covid-19 pandemic and the factors determining it. Materials and research methods. The material of the study was the data on the work of two multidisciplinary hospitals working in the mode of emergency (24/7/365) and having fundamental structural and functional features associated with the presence of beds for patients with a new coronavirus infection. The methods of the study are regulatory, statistical and analytical. Results of the study and their analysis. The results of the study showed that during COVID-19 pandemic there was a decrease in the volume performance of emergency hospitals. The factors causing differences in the organization of work of hospitals were identified. Among them: re-profiling of hospitals to receive infectious patients — deployment of beds for patients with COVID-19; redistribution of patient flows and changes in routing schemes for medical evacuation of patients; assignment of additional volumes of specialized medical care for non-infectious patients to unreprofiled multidisciplinary hospitals. It is concluded that emergency medical aid beds of the emergency hospitals in 2020-2021 performed the functions of a mobile general-purpose bed fund, allowing to sort and separate the flows of incoming patients and to ensure sanitary and epidemiological safety and quarantine measures.
Mobile Information and Communication Technologies to Improve the Effectiveness of First Aid Delivery: Review of Scientific Publications
Authors:   Medical Academy named after S.I. Georgievskiy of V.I. Vernadskiy Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Russian Federation, Birkun A.A. ,   Crimean Republican Center for Disaster Medicine and Emergency Medical Care, Simferopol, Russian Federation, Kosova Y.A. ,   Institute of Physics and Technology of V.I. Vernadskiy Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Russian Federation
Published: September 2023

Summary. The objectives of the study are to analyze international scientific experience in the application of mobile information and communication technologies to improve the effectiveness of first aid provision and first aid training; to identify the main directions of scientific research and gaps in the existing scientific knowledge on these issues. Materials and research methods. In the bibliographic databases PubMed and Scopus the search of English-language scientific articles was performed, in the Google Scholar database — Russian-language scientific articles on the topic of the study, published in the period from 2003 to 2022 inclusive, were searched. Additionally, we searched for works in the article lists of sources of the found publications. The bibliographic information management software Zotero version 6.0.18 (Corporation for Digital Scholarship, USA) was used to collect, save and systematize the search results and remove duplicates. The selected studies were subjected to descriptive thematic analysis. Results of the study and their analysis. The leading directions of scientific research in the area were identified, and it was found that, with a significant thematic and methodological heterogeneity of works and ambiguity of the results obtained, the accumulated scientific data in general indicate a high prospect of using mobile technologies in the field of improving training in the provision and delivery of first aid. It is noted that at present the researches are mainly focused on: creation of systems for remote operational notification and accompaniment to the place of event of volunteers, pre-trained in first aid provision and included in the corresponding programs by means of crowdsourcing; development of mobile tools for assessment and maintenance of quality of first aid rendering and multimedia instructions on provision of first aid in real time, as well as on development of mobile technologies for training in rendering first aid. The performed studies are mainly aimed at improving the effectiveness of first aid delivery in cardiac arrest, and there are few works devoted to the development of mobile tools for improving first aid training or first aid delivery in other conditions.
Organization of First Aid to Wounded Servicemen in the Zone of Armed Conflict
Authors:   Orenburg State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Orenburg, Russian Federation, Solosin V.V. , Kuzmin S.A. ,   Orenburg State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Orenburg, Russian Federation, Vyaltsin S.V. ,   Orenburg State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Orenburg, Russian Federation, Grigor’eva L.K. ,   Orenburg State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Orenburg, Russian Federation
Published: September 2023

Summary. The objectives of the study are to analyze the role of knowledge and skills acquired by servicemen when they render first aid to the wounded in combat conditions; to study the structure of sanitary losses in a military unit in the zone of Special Military Operation. Materials and research methods. Materials of the study are the experience of first aid in combat conditions. On the battlefield, various medical means of defense were used to provide first aid to the wounded. Soldiers, who were wounded, used first aid kits individual medical AI-3-1BC as a means of self-help. Sanitary straps, cloak tents and improvised means were used for medical evacuation of the wounded to a safe zone. Belts, ropes and other available materials were used as improvised means. In the field, the servicemen were trained to: search for the wounded; in case of various external bleeding — to apply hemostatic tourniquets, tourniquets, compression bandages, aseptic bandages on wounds; in case of injuries — to immobilize limbs. In case of wounds and traumas, intramuscular injection of anesthetic agents contained in a syringe-tube was performed. Medical evacuation of the wounded to a safe zone was carried out with observance of safety measures — both for the wounded and for the first aid provider. Research methods were analytical, statistical and field observation methods. Results of the study and their analysis. In the zone of the Special Military Operation the enemy actively uses remote and combined methods of defeat, which creates difficulties in the medical evacuation of wounded servicemen from the battlefield. During the first two hours after being wounded, about 11.0% of the wounded were received at triage points; between two and 6 hours, no more than 11.0% of the wounded were received. Most of the wounded arrived at triage points at later dates. In the structure of sanitary losses, the share of shrapnel wounds was 79.0%; bullet wounds — 10.0%; non-combat-related injuries and somatic diseases — 11.0%. The wounds were mixed and combined by nature. The share of severe wounds amounted to 23.0%; the share of moderate wounds — 50.0; the share of light wounds — 27.0%. It is concluded that timely and competent rendering of first aid to the wounded on the line of contact with the enemy is of paramount importance for saving lives of servicemen.
Psikolojik Danışmanlık ve Rehberlik Lisans Programının Tercih Edilme Nedenlerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Uğur Erol , Düşünceli Betül , Demir Süleyman
Published: September 2023

Bu araştırma, psikolojik danışman adaylarının ve psikolojik danışmanların lisans eğitimi için Psikolojik Danışmanlık ve Rehberlik (PDR) programını tercih etme nedenlerinin sıralaması ve PDR programından mezun olduktan sonra çalışmak için tercih ettikleri kurumların sıralamasının belirlenmeyi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu kapsamda ele alınan birinci çalışma grubu 371 PDR lisans öğrencisinden oluşmakta, ikincisi çalışma grubu ise 120 psikolojik danışmandan oluşmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak iki adet sıralama çizelgesi kullanılmıştır. Birincisi psikolojik danışman adaylarının ve psikolojik danışmanların lisans eğitimi için PDR programını tercih etme nedenlerinin sıralamasını belirlemeye yönelik bir sıralama çizelgesi olup, ikincisi PDR programından mezun olduktan sonra çalışmak için tercih ettikleri kurumların sıralamasını belirlenmeye yönelik sıralama çizelgesidir. Veriler sıralama yargılarına dayalı ölçekleme yöntemi ile çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda; PDR programını tercih etme nedenlerinin sıralaması ve mezun olduktan sonra çalışmak için tercih ettikleri kurumların sıralaması psikolojik danışman adayları ve psikolojik danışmanlar için farklılık gösterdiği bulunmuştur.
Argümantasyon ve Otantik Öğrenme Tabanlı STEM Uygulamalarının Akademik Başarıya Etkisi
Authors: Kurtuluş Muhammed Akif , Yılmaz Serkan
Published: September 2023

Araştırmada argümantasyon ve otantik öğrenme tabanlı STEM uygulamalarının akademik başarıya etkisi incelenmiştir. Uygulama öncesinde iki fen bilimleri öğretmeni ile dokuz gün boyunca her gün 120 dakikalık bir öğretmen eğitimi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma 17 hafta boyunca iki farklı devlet okulunda 120 beşinci sınıf öğrencisi ile yürütülmüştür. Amaçlı örnekleme yönteminin kullanıldığı çalışmada, karma yöntem araştırmalarından yakınsayan paralel desenden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmanın nicel boyutunda ön test-son test kontrol gruplu yarı deneysel desen kullanılmıştır. Her iki okulda da bir kontrol ve iki deney grubu (argümantasyon ve otantik) belirlenmiştir. Nitel boyutta ise durum çalışması deseni kullanılmıştır. Nicel veri toplama araçları ışığın yayılması, insan ve çevre ile elektrik devre elemanları akademik başarı testleri; nitel veri toplama araçları ise video ve ses kayıtları, yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler, öğretmen ve araştırmacı gözlem formları ve öğrenci günlükleridir. Araştırma sonucunda, üç akademik başarı testinin ön test-son test puanları arasında özellikle otantik grup lehine anlamlı farklılıklar bulunmuştur. Nitel bulgularda da öğrencilerin ünitelere yönelik yaklaşımdan kaynaklı etkilerinin görüldüğü ifadeler tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmanın son bölümünde bulgulara ilişkin çeşitli önerilere yer verilmiştir.
Öğretmenlerin Mesleki Gelişimi ve Etkili Öğretim İçin Güncel Bir Model: Öğrenme İmecesi
Authors: Bümen Nilay T. , Yedigöz Kara Zehra
Published: September 2023

Çağımızın sorun ve gereksinimlerine cevap verecek nitelikli öğretmen ihtiyacı, iş birliğini ve araştırmacı bakış açısını öne çıkaran model arayışları, son yıllarda ders imecesine yönelik çalışmaları yaygınlaştırmıştır. Ancak ders imecesinin kuramsal temellerinin zayıflığı ve farklı kültürlerde yaşanan uygulama problemleri çeşitli uyarlamalar doğurmuştur. Bu uyarlamalardan biri de İsveç ve Hong-Kong iş birliğinde geliştirilmiş varyasyon kuramı temelli öğrenme imecesidir. Türkiye’de geleneksel hizmet içi eğitim anlayışından uzaklaşılarak; sürekli, iş içinde ve iş birlikli mesleki gelişim anlayışına geçilebilmesi için, son yıllarda dünyada hızla yaygınlaşan öğrenme imecesi modelinin tanınması ve anlaşılması yararlı olabilir. Nitekim öğrenme imecesinin birçok ülkede çeşitli derslerde uygulandığı, bunun sonucunda öğrenci başarısının arttığı, öğretmenlerin üretici ve tasarımcı hale geldiği, yansıtıcı ve yaratıcı düşünme becerilerinin güçlendiği görülmüştür. Türkiye’de öğrenme imecesine yönelik çalışmaların çok sınırlı olması nedeniyle atılacak adımlar dikkatlice planlanmalı ve ithal pedagojilere yönelik uyarılar dikkate alınmalıdır. Bu çalışmada öğrenme imecesi tanıtılarak, Türkiye’de öğrenme imecesi girişimlerinin nasıl başlatılabileceği ve neler yapılabileceğine yönelik makro, mezo ve mikro düzeyde öneriler sunulmuştur.
Öğretmen Adaylarının Gözünden Gelişim Yetersizliği Olan Gençlerin Romantik İlişki Süreçleri ve Eğitim Gereksinimleri
Authors: Acar Çimen , Yıldız Gizem
Published: September 2023

Araştırma gelişim yetersizliği olan gençlerin romantik ilişki yürütebilmelerine ve bu konuda eğitim almalarına yönelik özel eğitim öğretmen adaylarının görüşlerinin incelenmesi amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Özellikle gelişim yetersizliği olan öğrencilerin staj uygulamalarında gözlenen flört davranışları ve cinsel gelişimlerine ilişkin özel eğitim öğretmen adaylarının görüşleri ile cinsel eğitim sürecine ilişkin var olan durum ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır. Araştırmada durum çalışması deseni kullanılmıştır. İlk aşamada 204 özel eğitim öğretmeni adayı araştırmacıların geliştirdiği anketi doldurmaları istenmiş, ikinci aşamada ise yedi katılımcı ile yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Anket verileri betimsel analiz tekniği ile ve görüşmelerden elde edilen nitel veriler ise içerik analiziyle analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular, ilk aşamaya katılan katılımcıların çoğunun cinsel eğitime yönelik bir eğitim almadıklarını göstermiştir. Katılımcılar gelişim yetersizliği olan gençlerin romantik ilişki kurma becerilerinin desteklenmesi ve cinsel eğitimi ailelerin sunması gerektiğini, romantik ilişkilere yönelik cinsel eğitim sayesinde gençlerin mahremiyeti öğrenebileceklerini belirtmişlerdir. Ayrıca bu gençlere bilimsel dayanağı olan uygulamalarla cinsel eğitim verilmesi gerektiğini belirtmişlerdir. Bulgular doğrultusunda öğretmen yeterliklerinin artırılması için Eğitim Fakültelerinin tüm lisans programlarına cinsel eğitim dersinin zorunlu hale getirilmesi önerilebilir ve gelecek araştırmalarda da gelişim yetersizliği olan gençlere cinsel eğitim, romantik ilişkiler ve flört etme gibi becerilerin öğretilmesinde ailelerin, öğretmen adaylarının ya da öğretmenlerin deneyimlerini belirlemeye yönelik araştırmalar gerçekleştirilebilir.
A multi-level safety culture maturity model for (new) building projects in Hong Kong
Authors: Chan Eugene
Published: September 2023

Ninety-two per cent of industrial fatal accidents in Hong Kong in 2021 were attributed to the construction industry. Previous construction safety culture studies focused on projects as a singular organisation. Studies in building projects from a multitier perspective merit further examination. This study develops a safety culture maturity (SCM) framework to assess (new) building projects in Hong Kong at three levels: Client Safety Culture (CSC), Main Contractor Safety Culture (MSC) and Subcontractor Safety Culture (SSC). A closed question survey (N-31) incorporating subculture constructs (Informed, Just, Reporting, Learning and Flexible Cultures) with Hudson’s safety culture ladder (Pathogenic, Reactive, Calculative, Proactive and Generative Cultures) is conducted. The findings reveal: CSC (Mean: 3.55, SD: 0.512), MSC (Mean: 3.71, SD: 0.311) and SSC (Mean: 1.90, SD: 0.605). Kruskal-Wallis One-Way-ANOVA shows that the mean maturity value of three organisations are unequal (χ² = 53.8, df: 2, p: < 0.001). A SCM framework is designed for (new) building projects related to near misses and accidents. It would not be applicable to health-related, workplace violence, burglary and accidents outside construction-related activities. This is the first study to examine the safety culture maturity at three organisational levels. The study recommends improving project-based SCM by intervening and aligning individual levels between CSC, MSC and SSC.
İNOVASYONUNUN TENİS KULUPLERİNE ETKİSİNİN SPOR YÖNETİCİLERİ BAKIŞ AÇISI İLE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: İSTANBUL İLİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: AKYURT BAL Erem , YORULMAZLAR Mehmet Mustafa
Published: September 2023

Çalışmanın amacı, İstanbul ilinde faaliyet gösteren tenis kulüplerinin yöneticilerinin inovasyon algılarının bağımlı ve bağımsız değişkenlere göre incelenmesidir. Çalışmada veri toplama aracı olarak anket formu ve Sporda İnovasyon Ölçeği (SİÖ) kullanılmıştır. Üç alt boyutu olan ölçek toplam 30 ifadeden oluşmaktadır. Her bir alt boyutta “kulüplerde spor inovasyonu”, “spor kulüplerinde sporda yenilikçiliğin zorlukları” ve “kulüplerde spor inovasyonunun kabulünü kolaylaştırmaya yönelik stratejiler” ile ilgili 10’ar ifade bulunmaktadır. Araştırmada elde edilen verilerin normal dağılıma sahip olup olmadığına bakılmıştır. Araştırmaya katılan tenis kulüpleri yöneticilerinin %28.8’i kadın, %71.2’si erkektir. Avrupa yakasında faaliyet gösteren tenis kulüplerinin “Sporda Yeniliğin Zorlukları” alt boyut puanlarının Anadolu yakasında faaliyet gösteren tenis kulüplerine alt boyut puanlarına göre anlamlı olduğu tespit edilmiştir (Ort.±sd: 32.7± 9.9; 38.7±10.0. p
Decarbonizing India: Harnessing Direct-Air-Capture (DAC) to Combat the Climate Effects of Coal
Authors: Sinha Arnab
Published: September 2023

The urgent need to address climate change and achieve carbon neutrality has led to the exploration of innovative technologies such as Direct-Air-Capture (DAC). In a country like India, where coal continues to be a significant component of the energy mix, it is essential to evaluate DAC as a potential solution for offsetting carbon emissions. This paper shall provide a qualitative analysis of the applicability and potential benefits of DAC in the Indian context, focusing on its role in achieving net-zero emissions.
Estimating vertical ground reaction forces during gait from lower limb kinematics and vertical acceleration using wearable inertial sensors
Authors: Martínez-Pascual David , Catalán José M. , Blanco-Ivorra Andrea , Sanchís Mónica , Arán-Ais Francisca , García-Aracil Nicolás
Published: September 2023

One of the most important forces generated during gait is the vertical ground reaction force (vGRF). This force can be measured using force plates, but these can limit the scope of gait analysis. This paper presents a method to estimate the vGRF using inertial measurement units (IMU) and machine learning techniques. Four wearable IMUs were used to obtain flexion/extension angles of the hip, knee, and ankle joints, and an IMU placed over the C7 vertebra to measure vertical acceleration. We trained and compared the performance of two machine learning algorithms: feedforward neural networks (FNN) and random forest (RF). We investigated the importance of the inputs introduced into the models and analyzed in detail the contribution of lower limb kinematics and vertical acceleration to model performance. The results suggest that the inclusion of vertical acceleration increases the root mean square error in the FNN, while the RF appears to decrease it. We also analyzed the ability of the models to construct the force signal, with particular emphasis on the magnitude and timing of the vGRF peaks. Using the proposed method, we concluded that FNN and RF models can estimate the vGRF with high accuracy.
Robust homeostasis of cellular cholesterol is a consequence of endogenous antithetic integral control
Authors: Scheepers Ronél , Araujo Robyn P.
Published: September 2023

Although cholesterol is essential for cellular viability and proliferation, it is highly toxic in excess. The concentration of cellular cholesterol must therefore be maintained within tight tolerances, and is thought to be subject to a stringent form of homeostasis known as Robust Perfect Adaptation (RPA). While much is known about the cellular signalling interactions involved in cholesterol regulation, the specific chemical reaction network structures that might be responsible for the robust homeostatic regulation of cellular cholesterol have been entirely unclear until now. In particular, the molecular mechanisms responsible for sensing excess whole-cell cholesterol levels have not been identified previously, and no mathematical models to date have been able to capture an integral control implementation that could impose RPA on cellular cholesterol. Here we provide a detailed mathematical description of cholesterol regulation pathways in terms of biochemical reactions, based on an extensive review of experimental and clinical literature. We are able to decompose the associated chemical reaction network structures into several independent subnetworks, one of which is responsible for conferring RPA on several intracellular forms of cholesterol. Remarkably, our analysis reveals that RPA in the cholesterol concentration in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is almost certainly due to a well-characterised control strategy known as antithetic integral control which, in this case, involves the high-affinity binding of a multi-molecular transcription factor complex with cholesterol molecules that are excluded from the ER membrane. Our model provides a detailed framework for exploring the necessary biochemical conditions for robust homeostatic control of essential and tightly regulated cellular molecules such as cholesterol.
High-stability solid solution perovskite (1-x) Bi0.2Sr0.5La0.3TiO3- xLaMnO3 (0.05≤ × ≤0.2) for wide-temperature NTC thermistors
Authors: Liu Ting , Yang Guanghua , Ma Juan , Zhang Huimin , Zhang Min , Chang Aimin
Published: September 2023

The development of negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistor materials with a wide range of operating temperatures, high resistance (R), low thermal content (B) and good stability is significant for improving the overall performance of NTC thermistors. Traditional NTC thermistors materials are of the spinel, however, their practical applications are commonly limited to temperatures below approximately 200°C.In this study, it was found that a novel perovskite-structured solid solution (1-x)Bi0.2Sr0.5La0.3TiO3-xLaMnO3 (0.05 ≤ × ≤ 0.2) (BSLT-LM) showed good NTC performance from room temperature to high temperature (600°C) due to the stable structure at high temperatures. The ρ25, ρ100, ρ600 and B25/100, B25/600 constants of Bi0.2Sr0.5La0.3TiO3-0.1LaMnO3 NTC thermistors are approximately 1.76 × 108 Ω cm, 1.13 × 107 Ω cm, 9.89 × 102 Ω cm, 4063.91 K, 5472.34 K, respectively. The electrical conductivity of these solid solution refers to the electronic transition between Mn3+ and Mn4+, and oxygen vacancies. These results demonstrate the tremendous potential of perovskite-structured (1-x) Bi0.3Sr0.5La0.2TiO3-xLaMnO3 thermistor ceramics with NTC performance.
Impact of mutagenesis and lateral gene transfer processes in bacterial susceptibility to phage in food biocontrol and phage therapy
Authors: López-Pérez Júlia , Otero Jennifer , Sánchez-Osuna Miquel , Erill Ivan , Cortés Pilar , Llagostera Montserrat
Published: September 2023

Introduction

The emergence of resistance and interference mechanisms to phage infection can hinder the success of bacteriophage-based applications, but the significance of these mechanisms in phage therapy has not been determined. This work studies the emergence of Salmonella isolates with reduced susceptibility to a cocktail of three phages under three scenarios: i) Salmonella cultures (LAB), ii) biocontrol of cooked ham slices as a model of food safety (FOOD), and iii) oral phage therapy in broilers (PT).

Methods

S. Typhimurium ATCC 14028 RifR variants with reduced phage susceptibility were isolated from the three scenarios and conventional and molecular microbiology techniques were applied to study them.

Results and discussion

In LAB, 92% of Salmonella isolates lost susceptibility to all three phages 24 h after phage infection. This percentage was lower in FOOD, with 4.3% of isolates not susceptible to at least two of the three phages after seven days at 4°C following phage treatment. In PT, 9.7% and 3.3 % of isolates from untreated and treated broilers, respectively, displayed some mechanism of interference with the life cycle of some of the phages. In LAB and FOOD scenarios, resistant variants carrying mutations in rfc and rfaJ genes involved in lipopolysaccharide synthesis (phage receptor) were identified. However, in PT, the significant decrease of EOP, ECOI, and burst size observed in isolates was prompted by lateral gene transfer of large IncI1 plasmids, which may encode phage defense mechanisms. These data indicate that the acquisition of specific conjugative plasmids has a stronger impact than mutagenesis on the emergence of reduced phage-susceptibility bacteria in certain environments. In spite of this, neither mechanism seems to significantly impair the success of Salmonella biocontrol and oral phage therapy.
A rapid and high-throughput multiplex genetic detection assay for detection, semi-quantification and virulence genotyping of Helicobacter pylori in non-invasive oral samples
Authors: Chi Wenjing , Wang Su , Liu Tao , Jiang Wenrong , Ding Li , Miao Yingxin , Yang Feng , Zhang Jinghao , Ji Danian , Xiao Zili , Zhu Haowei , Wu Yong , Bao Zhijun , Zhao Hu , Wang Shiwen
Published: September 2023

Aim

This study established a high-throughput multiplex genetic detection assay (HMGA) for rapid identification, semi-quantification and virulence analysis of Helicobacter pylori directly from the clinical non-invasive oral samples.

Methods

The gastric mucosa and oral samples were collected from 242 patients in Shanghai from 2021 to 2022. All the samples were detected by routine clinical tests for H. pylori and Sanger sequenced for inconsistent results. A new multiplex PCR assay providing results within 4 hours was designed and optimized involving fluorescent dye-labeled specific primers targeted 16S rRNA gene, semi-quantitative gene ureC and 10 virulence genes of H. pylori. Semi-quantification was carried out by simulating the serial 10-fold dilutions of positive oral samples, and the H. pylori loads in different clinical samples were further compared. The mixed plasmids of virulence genes vacA s1, vacA m1 and vacA m2 were used to evaluate the performance on different genotypes. The consistency of 10 virulence genes in gastric mucosa, saliva, mouthwash and dental plaque of H. pylori-positive patients was compared.

Results

The non-invasive HMGA was highly specific for detection of all 12 targets of H. pylori and human internal reference gene β-globin, and the sensitivity to all target genes could reach 10 copies/μL. Compared with routine clinical tests and sequencing, non-invasive HMGA has a high level (>0.98) of sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, PPV, NPV and kappa coefficient for direct detection of H. pylori in oral samples. Moreover, by detecting peak area levels of ureC, it was confirmed that the H. pylori loads in gastric mucosa were significantly higher than those of the three kinds of oral samples (p<0.05). We also found that 45.0% (91/202) of patients had different H. pylori virulence genes in different oral samples. The concordance of positive detection rates of each virulence gene between saliva and gastric mucosa was more than 78% (p<0.05).

Conclusion

The non-invasive HMGA proved to be a reliable method for the rapid H. pylori identification, semi-quantification and detection of 10 virulence genes directly in oral samples, providing a new idea for non-invasive detection of H. pylori.
Local perceptions on poverty and conservation in a community-based natural resource program area: a case study of Beitbridge district, southern Zimbabwe
Authors: Dhliwayo Itai , Muboko Never , Gandiwa Edson
Published: September 2023

This study was conducted in a local community, namely, Ward 1 of Beitbridge district, southern Zimbabwe, with the following objectives: (i) to assess local perceptions on poverty in a Communal Areas Management Programme for Indigenous Resources (CAMPFIRE) environment, (ii) to assess whether CAMPFIRE initiatives have enhanced livelihoods, and (iii) to analyze the involvement of local people in CAMPFIRE programs. A mixed-methods approach was used to collect data between September and October 2022, with 80 randomly selected participants being interviewed (structured interviews), 110 randomly selected discussants participating in focus group discussions held in all the five villages of Ward 1, and 10 purposively sampled key informants responded to semi-structured interviews. Data were quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed. The results showed that some villages had more benefits than others from the conservation programs and the contributions to poverty alleviation varied within the surveyed local communities. Most respondents in Ward 1 stated that they rely on subsistence farming as the major source of livelihood. Furthermore, most respondents highlighted that they were not participating in the natural resource management and allocation decision-making processes. However, based on this study, we conclude that respondents still view CAMPFIRE as one of the key solutions to poverty alleviation and that active local community participation in decision-making processes is lacking. The study recommend for active and full participation of local people in the decision-making processes, including previously marginalized groups, in the CAMPFIRE initiatives.