bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La convivencia desde los imaginarios sociales: Encuentros mediados por la complicidad y la amistad
Authors: Hernández-López Yeny Alejandra , Jaramillo-Ocampo Diego-Armando , Orozco-Vallejo Mauricio
Published: April 2020

El presente artículo de investigación abordó la convivencia desde el encuentro con el otro ser, vislumbrado desde la teoría de los imaginarios sociales. La pretensión del trabajo radicó en la comprensión de los imaginarios sociales relacionados con la convivencia de estudiantes del Instituto Humanista de Pereira Risaralda (Colombia); para tal fin, se utilizó el enfoque y diseño de la complementariedad (Murcia y Jaramillo, 2008), que priorizó la etnografía reflexiva para el acercamiento a la realidad social de la escuela; seguidamente se llevó a cabo el trabajo de campo en profundidad que incluyó entrevistas, cartografías, grupos focales, categorizados con ayuda de la teoría fundada; la interpretación se logró desde la triangulación de la información. En los resultados se evidencia el aula de clase como un tiempo y espacio para expresar lo que se es y para sentir reconocimiento, acogida y ser parte del grupo social al que se pertenece; además de manera práctica e inusual se reconoce la amistad y la complicidad como expresiones latentes de imaginarios que disputan su naturalización, y otros que la resisten y la proyectan como posibilidad de socialización con el otro ser en la escuela.
Perspectivas de las investigaciones en torno al conocimiento indígena y las TIC: Un enfoque de-colonial
Authors: Flores-Fuentes Gloria , Navarro-Rangel Yadira
Published: April 2020

El objetivo de la presente comunicación es mostrar los resultados de una revisión bibliográfica en torno a las investigaciones y experiencias sobre el conocimiento indígena y las TIC para el periodo 2006-2017. La búsqueda se limitó a los casos en que las TIC fueron usadas como un medio de preservar, transmitir o gestionar el conocimiento indígena. Si bien es cierto que existen diversas ópticas hacia el objeto de estudio tales como las TIC usadas como medio de comunicación de los grupos indígenas, por ejemplo, el caso del movimiento indígena en internet (Monasterios, 2001), o el uso de internet para promover sus productos (http://www.tosepan.com/; http://chiapasproject.com/sp/proyecto-de-escuela/las-mujeres/mujeres-de-maiz/), por citar algunos, no es intención del presente análisis estudiar dichas perspectivas. Los resultados del análisis muestran cinco tendencias en la investigación: Creación de contenido digital cultural e inclusión digital; preservación del conocimiento indígena; gestión del conocimiento indígena; conocimiento indígena y TIC en procesos educativos, y diseño de prototipos tecnológicos (Software, plataformas virtuales y aplicaciones móviles) acordes al contexto indígena. En esta última línea de investigación, se identificó que los estudios están orientados hacia la adecuación del diseño de prototipos al contexto y que se fundamentan en un tercer paradigma emergente derivado de las investigaciones referidas a la interacción ser humano-computador (IHC): la matriz fenomenológica, también conocida como Digital Ground. Se concluye que la dimensión diseño de prototipos tecnológicos acordes al contexto indígena es la más relevante en tanto que aglutina a las otras cuatro dimensiones y, al mismo tiempo, se vislumbra una posible área de desarrollo a partir de la conjunción de los temas de la gestión, educación y TIC, centrada en la preservación del conocimiento indígena, lo que permitiría empoderar a las comunidades indígenas. Adicionalmente, se encontró que las investigaciones se hallan en mayor medida en África, son aún incipientes en Latinoamérica, por lo que se detecta la necesidad de abonar en este tipo de estudios que contribuyan en el saber y comprensión de los sistemas de conocimientos indígenas y su fortalecimiento usando las TIC.
Comportamiento prosocial en una escuela chilena: Una intervención basada en la subjetividad del estudiantado
Authors: Cuadra-Martínez David , Salgado-Roa Jorge
Published: April 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo fue describir e interpretar el proceso de cambio subjetivo, a partir de una intervención orientada a la reconstrucción de teorías subjetivas del comportamiento prosocial, en estudiantes de primer año de un liceo particular subvencionado de la comuna de Copiapó (Chile). En la intervención participó un curso de 45 estudiantes de primer año de educación secundaria y el cambio se evaluó mediante metodología cualitativa. Se aplicaron entrevistas episódicas y grupos de discusión y los datos se analizaron mediante codificación temática. Los resultados muestran que se produjo un cambio en el contenido y estructura de las teorías subjetivas de estudiantes, acerca del comportamiento prosocial, que orienta más funcionalmente la acción prosocial. En la discusión y conclusión se analiza el cambio subjetivo producido y se destaca la necesidad de continuar realizando estudios orientados a enriquecer la intervención para el desarrollo del comportamiento prosocial.
Covid-19 dan Hak Masyarakat atas Kesehatan
Authors: Nurhalimah Siti
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe whole world community agrees that the right to health is a basic right (Fundamental Right) that is owned by every human being. The right to health which was previously seen as merely a private matter related to the fate or gift of God, has now undergone a very large paradigm shift into a legal right (legal rights) which is certainly guaranteed by the state. In the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic that has spread to almost all regions of Indonesia, the Government must be prepared to issue various strategic policies so that it can carry out its obligations to always guarantee the fulfillment of the right to health for all people. This research uses the method of library research with the statutory approach. This research found that the Government's policy to determine the Public Health Emergency status and choosing Large-Scale Social Restrictions as an option to respond to Public Health Emergency is a wise step, besides the Government must also pay attention to the economic and fiscal sectors according to the conditions and capabilities of the country.Keyword: Covid-19, Health, Society AbstrakSeluruh masyarakat dunia sepakat bahwa hak atas kesehatan merupakan hak dasar (Fundamental Right) yang dimiliki oleh setiap manusia. Hak atas kesehatan yang sebelumnya dipandang hanya sekedar urusan pribadi terkait dengan nasib atau karunia Tuhan, kini telah mengalami pergeseran paradigma yang sangat besar menjadi suatu hak hukum (legal rights) yang tentunya dijamin oleh negara. Di tengah pandemi Covid-19 yang telah menyebar hampir ke seluruh wilayah Indonesia, Pemerintah harus sigap mengeluarkan berbagai kebijakan strategis agar dapat menjalankan kewajibannya untuk senantiasa menjamin terpenuhinya hak atas kesehatan bagi seluruh masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kepustakaan dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa Pemerintah terlalu lamban mengambil tindakan antisipatif maupun mitigasi dalam menanggulangi pandemi corona. Pada akhirnya Pemerintah menetapkan status Darurat Kesehatan Masyarakat dan memilih Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar sebagai opsi untuk merespons Kedaruratan Kesehatan Masyarakat, disamping Pemerintah juga tetap harus memperhatikan sektor ekonomi dan fiskal sesuai kondisi dan kemampuan negara.Kata Kunci: Covid-19, Kesehatan, Masyarakat
Más allá del ensayo. Perspectivas metodológicas de un género literario por excelencia
Authors: Del Castillo-Rengifo Daniel
Published: April 2020

El presente artículo, dirigido a estudiantes de diferentes géneros discursivos, muestra como el ensayo sirve para la presentación de una reflexión objetiva, lógica y eficaz, que alcanza el centro de un tema, aportando una respuesta concreta y precisa a un problema de orden social, político, económico y humano. Género literario por excelencia, el ensayo se encuentra en una tensión entre arte y ciencia. Arte, porque se trata de tener una idea personal, propia y novedosa; y ciencia porque obedece a una metodología con bases científicas. En este sentido, el ejercicio permite abrir amplias perspectivas tanto académicas como profesionales.
Acaparamiento de tierras y acumulación por desposesión en Colombia. El caso de las Zonas de Desarrollo Rural, Económico y Social (ZIDRES)
Authors: Torres-Mora Álvaro Germán
Published: April 2020

En este artículo se analiza el acaparamiento de tierras en Colombia, teniendo como base la fuerte demanda de productos agroindustriales, en vista del carácter multipropósito de estos. Para abordar esta problemática se utiliza el concepto de acumulación por desposesión, que sirve para analizar tendencias contemporáneas de acumulación de capital a través de una coerción extraeconómica apoyada por los Estados. En particular, se estudia la acumulación de tierras en Zonas Económicas Especiales (ZEE) a nivel global y en las Zonas de Desarrollo Rural, Económico y Social (ZIDRES) en Colombia. Para este análisis se han recogido fuentes secundarias e información institucional cuantitativa, relacionada con cultivos agroindustriales, contenida en reportes del Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural de Colombia. A partir del análisis de esta información se confirma que hay una expansión de estos cultivos en los lugares definidos como ZIDRES.
De la geopolítica clásica a la geopolítica crítica: perspectivas de análisis para fenómenos del espacio y del poder en América Latina
Authors: Betancur-Díaz Ana María
Published: April 2020

El objetivo de este artículo es identificar algunos de los logros, tensiones y retos del abordaje epistemológico y metodológico de la geopolítica crítica. Para ello, el marco teórico que se emplea proviene de algunos exponentes de la geopolítica clásica y la geopolítica crítica, especialmente los aportes de las escuelas críticas. El artículo se plantea metodológicamente desde el enfoque crítico hermenéutico. Se concluye que la geopolítica crítica es una herramienta de análisis que paulatinamente ha ido desarrollando aportes pertinentes para pensar realidades en torno al espacio y al poder que emergen en la región latinoamericana.
Optimization the Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction of Chlorogenic Acid from the Artichoke (Cynara Scolymus) Leaf with Response Surface Methodology and Total Phenolic Contents
Authors: ATICI Yakup , BULDUK İbrahim
Published: April 2020

Artichoke leaf
(Cynara Scolymus) extracts widely
used in medicine. Chlorogenic Acids have antioxidant, antibacterial and
antiviral properties is an compound.

In this study,
after the artichoke (Cynara scolymus)
leaves had  dried, powdered portions were
extracted to with water. The results had expressed as ppm after  extracts  were analyzed by HPLC. It were determined that
optimum conditions of extracting chlorogenic acid from Cynara Scolymus leaves with the ultrasonic assisted extraction with
Response Surface Method (RSM) based on Box-Behnken design. The experimental
conditions for this extraction efficiency were determined as extraction time
(15-45 minutes), temperature (30-700C) and ultrasound power
(25-75%).  The optimum conditions were
determined as 47.65% ultrasound power, 35.18 minutes, 53.400 C temperature.
The maximum yield of chlorogenic acid was determined to 10.05 ppm.

Also the total
phenolic content was measured by UV -Vis spectrometry in order to see antioxidant
activity.

Absorbance values
of samples which are took from each sample  were measured at 765 nm in UV spectrometer. Optimum
conditions were determined as 47.29% ultrasound power, 29.67 minutes, 55.33% ethanol
concentration. Total phenolic content were determined as 70.24 ppm. According
the to results ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) showed can be an effective
method for the extraction of chlorogenic acid active ingredient.
Amoxicillin Loaded Magnetic Nanoparticles Developed For Treatment of Osteomyelitis
Authors: AK Güliz , YILMAZ ŞENGEL Tülay , HAMARAT ŞANLIER Şenay
Published: April 2020

Osteomyelitis is a bone infection caused by microorganisms. Localized efficient drug delivery for treatment osteomyelitis is an important topic. Amoxicillin is one the antibiotics used for osteomyelitis therapy. Magnetic nanoparticles could achieve localized targeted treatment with the help of magnetic field. Starch is biodegradable and biocompatible biopolymer and can be used for carrier material for drug delivery. The aim of this study is to develope amoxicillin loaded magnetic nanoparticles for the use of treatment of osteomyelitis. Here, magnetite nanostructures were coated with starch and characterized with FTIR, TGA and SEM. It was seen that nanoparticles were spherical and had a size of 14-36 nm. Amoxicillin loading onto magnetic nanoparticles was performed by adsorption method using various concentrations of drug and 0.483 mg amoxicillin was adsorbed on per mg of nanoparticles. In addition, in vitro drug release at pH 7.4 was obtained as in a controlled manner. As a conclusion, it can be suggested that amoxicillin loaded these nanoparticles could have a potential for drug delivery to osteomyelitis.
Removal of Dyes from Aqueous Solution Using Activated Carbon Embedded Cryogels
Authors: HAKTANIR Ceren
Published: April 2020

In this study poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) based activated carbon (AC) embedded cryogel discs were synthesized, characterized and their application for dye removal from aqueous solutions were investigated. The effect of pH and initial dye concentration on the adsorption capacity of the cryogels were studied in a batch system. Desorption of dyes was also studied and it was shown that synthesized composite system could be repeatedly used without significant loss in the adsorption capacity after five repetitive adsorption–desorption processes.
The Design, Synthesis and Spectroscopic/Photophysical Characterization of Phosphonate-substituted BODIPY
Authors: IŞIK TAŞGIN Dilek
Published: April 2020

BODIPY compounds continue to attract the attention of
scientists from multidisciplinary areas because of the wide range applications
and excellent photophysical properties as fluorescent sensors or dyes. In this
study, a new phosphonate substituted BODIPY dye was synthesized by classical
condensation-oxidation-complexation method of pyrrolic compounds and aldehyde.
The structure and photophysical properties of the synthesized BODIPY compound
were determined by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 31P NMR, 19F
NMR, UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopic techniques.0000-0002-0316-4604
Lectin Affinity Based Recognition Nanomaterial for Glucose
Authors: KUŞAT Kevser , KURU Cansu , ULUCAN Fulden , AKGÖL Sinan
Published: April 2020

Glucose is an important biomolecule because it is an important source of energy for cells and is used as an intermediate/metabolic agent. Selective recognition of glucose is important for diagnosing many metabolic diseases. In this study, lectin ligand (Con A) attached p(GMA) nanopolymer was synthesized and characterized. The best interaction of p(GMA)-ConA nanopolymer and glucose was determined to be 10mM glucose concentration at pH = 8.0. In the selectivity assay, p(GMA)-Con A was found to be 2-fold selective for glucose than galactose. Lectin affinity based nanopolymeric system that is selective, with high surface area, low cost and highly biocompatible with high adsorption capacity has been developed for recognition of glucose.
Nätverk - en förutsättning för pedagogisk utveckling?
Authors: Ahlgren Lina , Holm Britt-Marie , Hoppe Anja , Forsberg Åsa , Nilsson Annika , Wiberg Anna
Published: April 2020

The importance of networking is often emphasized in higher education teaching and learning. In this article we discuss significant networks and their impact on pedagogical development. We also share our experience of working in different kinds of networks. We focus on a Nordic project with the aim to develop digital learning objects in co-creation between librarians, students and teachers.
Projektaktivitet som kompetenceudvikling
Authors: Harbo Karen , Jönsson Karin Jönsson , Tonning Anne Sissel Vedvik
Published: April 2020

Institutions of higher education have strategies on digitization and the use of digital learning resources for their teaching in place. One initiative from the university libraries aiming to operationalize such strategies is a three-year Nordplus project that was completed in the autumn of 2019. The libraries at Aarhus University, Lund University and the University of Bergen have worked together on the development of e-learning objects, and their implementation and evaluation. The aim of the project was to develop the library's teaching of information literacy in a co-creation between libraries, the academic community and students.

This article will shed light on the prerequisites that must be met for competency development among participants in a project to take place. We present relevant research and literature, and take a closer look at the project's activities and processes. In the analysis we discuss our experiences in relation to the literature presented, and we conclude, among other things, that participating in a project is engaging and enhances quality in learning processes. We also believe that collaboration in a wider academic network for educational librarians in the future will contribute to a stronger and clearer position as an educational actor for Nordic libraries in higher education.
Biblioteket vejleder online
Authors: Lindhardt Pernille Holm
Published: April 2020

AU Library tested an online library chat aimed at helping students along with their 48-hour exam at AU Health, Aarhus University, Denmark.

The chat was part of the Nordplus project and had as its prime focus to test if a chat would be a valuable and useful tool for the students.

The article describes the objectives of the chat and the setup around it as well as the feedback we received from students, teachers and colleagues. The article also presents the evaluations of the project as well as some potential next steps.
Use of agile building technologies for renovation by the criterion of economic efficiency
Authors: Chulkov Vitaly , Bik-Mukhamedov Mikhail
Published: April 2020

The article discusses the possibility of using flexible building technologies in terms of renovation. In terms of the impact of the renovation process on the construction industry, the application of technologies with the flexibility feature, namely able to adapt to the dynamics of external and internal impacts, maintaining performance indicators at a sufficient level of efficiency, is becoming increasingly important. The quality and comfort of living in the districts of the 20th century in the districts does not at all correspond to modern requirements and current regulatory documents. Depreciation of houses (mainly five-story) is more than 41 %. The thermophysical characteristics of buildings are 3–4 times less than standard indicators. Massively constructed from the end of the 1950s to the mid – 1970s, the five-story free housing districts were conceived as a temporary solution to the problem of resettlement of people from barracks and communal apartments, resettlement of workers around industrial enterprises (mostly currently inactive, whose territories are to be reorganized). These problems were solved, but the quarters remained. Overhaul does not allow to solve the whole complex of problems of a five-story housing stock. In particular, because the overhaul fund is not enough. Therefore, the housing policy of the city of Moscow is characterized by the implementation of the renovation program. To substantiate the choice of the criterion of economic efficiency, the method of expert assessments is used. The method of expert assessments is usually understood as a complex of logical and mathematical procedures aimed at obtaining information from specialists, analyzing and generalizing it in order to prepare and select rational decisions. After the survey of the expert group, the results are processed.
Expert evaluation of efficiency and reliability of creative construction reorganization of large cities
Authors: Chulkov Vitali , Nazirov Bakhruz
Published: April 2020

In the process of creative construction reorganization of large cities designed and implemented then organizational and technological solutions should provide within the specified limits the efficiency and reliability of processes and results of construction production. Decisions taken on the basis of a known body of information, professional knowledge and competence of individual officials, groups and teams on creative construction reorganization often require the involvement of extremely valuable additional knowledge. Sources of such knowledge can be individual professionals (experts) or respectively organized database concentrated in expert systems (a set of computer-based information technologies). This area of application of expert methods is called the system of support and decision-making for creative construction reorganization and reconstruction of the territories of large cities. The functioning of such systems can significantly depend on the specifics of territorial-state conglomeration, methods of generating solutions, but the evaluation of these solutions and their coordination are based on the same basic prerequisites and methods. In the article (as an example) one of the methods of forming a collective of experts (the method of "snowball") in relation to the evaluation of problems and tasks are considered one of the actual types of construction reorganization of the project, the key principle of which is the potential of a reorganized territory to preserve the historical identity of the urban environment.
End-of-primary consolidation parameters using inflection point method
Authors: Raheena Moozhikkal , Robinson Retnamony G.
Published: April 2020

This note describes a faster and complete consolidation testing procedure using the inflection point method so as to obtain the void ratio–consolidation curve at the end-of-primary consolidation and the coefficient of consolidation. The testing procedure is similar to the conventional incremental load consolidation test, with the only difference being that the subsequent loading is applied once the degree of consolidation of U = 70·15% is reached. The time and settlement corresponding to U = 70·15% is obtained using the inflection point method, from which the end-of-primary consolidation and the coefficient of consolidation are evaluated. The validity of the proposed procedure is verified by performing tests on four reconstituted and three undisturbed soil samples. By adopting the proposed procedure, complete consolidation tests can be completed within 2·5 to 9 h depending on the coefficient of consolidation of the soils.
Seismic behaviour of precast shear walls connected using prestressed horizontal beams
Authors: Li Xian , Xiao Yu , Zhou Tao , Xu Yu-Ming , Li Chun-Hui
Published: April 2020

To facilitate construction and on-site quality testing, a new type of panel joint using cast-in-place connecting beams was developed and studied. The proposed connecting beams consist of overlapping vertical U-shaped steel bars stretching out of the wall and the footing, longitudinal prestressed steel strands, L-shaped steels and infilled high-strength grout. One monolithic shear wall specimen and five precast specimens were tested under simulated seismic loads. The test parameters studied included the presence or absence of L-shaped steel, sectional depths and the locations of connecting beams and locally non-bonded U-shaped steel bars. The effects of these parameters on the failure modes, hysteresis curves, stiffness, ductility and energy dissipation capacity were evaluated. The test results showed that the precast shear walls with the proposed panel joint achieved desirable seismic behaviour – comparable to or better than that of monolithic specimens – and can thus be safely applied in buildings in seismic zones. The use of L-shaped steel, prestressed steel strands and high-strength grout effectively delayed concrete crushing at the wall toes and thus improved the loading capacity, deformation capacity, initial stiffness, ductility and energy dissipation capacity of the precast shear walls.
Modification of powders by atmospheric pressure plasma and embedding into nickel coatings
Authors: Gerullis Sven , Gerschütz Antonia , Beier Oliver , Kretzschmar Björn Sten Mark , Pfuch Andreas , Schmidt Jürgen , Grünler Bernd
Published: April 2020

The aim of this work was to achieve improved dispersibility of hydrophobic dry lubricants in aqueous media through plasma activation. As a result, the use of wet-chemical environmentally questionable substances – for example, certain surfactants – to ensure the dispersibility of such particles can be avoided. These plasma-activated particles can be further embedded in electroless nickel (Ni) coatings to improve wear behaviour. Thus, the hydrophobic polymeric powders polyimide and polyetheretherketone and the ceramic powder hexagonal boron nitride (BN) were activated with atmospheric pressure plasma using a diffuse coplanar dielectric barrier discharge system. The generation of polar chemical bonds on the powder surface resulted in an improved dispersibility of the powders in aqueous media. This led to a higher deposit volume of the particles in electroless nickel dispersion coatings. The modified bonding conditions at the powder surfaces were analysed with infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy investigations showed the deposit of the activated dispersed phase in the coatings. Furthermore, the wear behaviour of the coating was tested by using the Taber abraser test. The plasma activation led to surface modifications – namely, linkage of polar groups at the powder surfaces – and therefore to improved dispersibility. The deposition of the particles in the electroless nickel coatings was possible with all three materials, and the wear resistance of the coatings was improved.
Sobre el vínculo afectivo y los procesos de aprendizaje en niños de 7 a 9 años de edad
Authors: Jaramillo-Valencia Bairon , Largo-Tapasco Sirley , Gómez-Monsalve Laura
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: comprender la incidencia de la ruptura del vínculo afectivo en el proceso de aprendizaje del niño, suceso que lleva a la separación de dos personas entre las que se encuentra establecida una relación afectiva. Método: este estudio se basó en un paradigma cualitativo, con un enfoque histórico hermenéutico; y de la misma forma, contó con resultados obtenidos de las técnicas de recolección de información tales como: entrevistas, observaciones participantes a través de una actividad de colcha de retazos, talleres y análisis documental. Resultados: a través de esta investigación se determinó la importancia del vínculo afectivo durante el desarrollo de los niños, hecho percibido en el poco tiempo de calidad brindando por los padres a sus hijos. Además, esto llevó a generar dificultades en el aprendizaje de los escolares, conllevando a un proceso académico regular. Discusión y Conclusiones: Se discurre que el rompimiento del vínculo afectivo afecta de manera diferente el desarrollo de los niños y niñas, ya que a pesar de que suelen superar el rompimiento o parecen hacerlo, en el taller realizado se evidenció que hay ciertos estudiantes que podrían tener una mayor afectación en su proceso de aprendizaje, esto debido a los diferentes factores que han tenido que sobrellevar, por lo que el rompimiento de su vínculo ha sido más traumático. Por consiguiente, se concluyó a partir del proceso sistemático planteado que, el vínculo afectivo se da a través del compartir mutuo y la relaciones calidad entre dos personas
Simuladores para el mejoramiento de las competencias de pensamiento estratégico en la Administración
Authors: Mendoza-Lozano Frederick , Martínez-Contreras Ronald , Trujillo-Flórez Luis , Arias-Velandia Nicolás , Ríos-Gallardo Ángela
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: Fortalecer las competencias de análisis prospectivo y diagnóstico empresarial a través de herramientas de aprendizaje inmersivo desarrolladas por la Institución Universitaria Politécnico Grancolombiano, en los estudiantes de la modalidad virtual. Método: El laboratorio de experiencias de aprendizaje inmersivo desarrolló una metodología fundamentada en el referente ADDIER (Analysis, Desing, Development, Implementation, Evaluation, Research) con la que se hizo el diseño e implementación de dos ambientes inmersivos. A través de una encuesta, se presenta la percepción de los estudiantes sobre el impacto de estas herramientas en su proceso formativo. Resultados: Los estudiantes expresaron un alto nivel de satisfacción asociado a la eficiencia y eficacia de su proceso formativo, derivado del uso de los ambientes inmersivos. Específicamente, se reportaron valoraciones positivas en ahorro de tiempo, minimización de errores, mejora en la calidad de los análisis empresariales y retroalimentación del tutor. Discusión y Conclusiones: Un rasgo innovador de esta propuesta es que permite que se trabaje con base en experiencias reales y no en datos simulados. También se concluye que el éxito de esta experiencia se debe al trabajo de los tutores, en el sentido de su apertura y dedicación para la introducción de herramientas innovadoras en los cursos de educación virtual.
Caries and premature loss of the first permanent molar in grade school children, and parents’ knowledge level, in Vargas state, Venezuela.
Authors:   Universidad Central de Venezuela, Venezuela., Morales-Chávez Mariana
Published: April 2020

Introduction: The first permanent molars are the most affected due to age of eruption and their anatomical characteristics. Objective: to determine the prevalence of caries and premature loss of the first permanent molar in a group of grade school children 6 - 12 years of age, and to determine the level of prevention knowledge of the parents, in Vargas state, Venezuela. Materials and Methods: observational study with 182 children between 6 and 12 years old who underwent a clinical evaluation. The parents were asked about their knowledge regarding caries, methods of prevention and chronology of eruption of the child’s first permanent molar. Study was approved by the Bioethics Committee of the Faculty of Dentistry at Universidad Santa María. Results: 6.60% of children presented caries in tooth 16, 6.08% in tooth 26, 24.85% in the tooth 36 and 15.62% in tooth 46. Regarding premature loss, 0.55% had lost tooth 26, 4.95% tooth 36 and 4.40% tooth 46. None presented loss of tooth 16. It was observed that 90.11% of parents had knowledge about dental caries and 44.51% knew how to prevent them. However, only 12.09% knew the age of eruption of the first molar and only 7.69% knew that it has no predecessor. Conclusions: The highest percentage of caries was in tooth 36. The lower molars were the most commonly extracted. The majority of parents demonstrated to have little knowledge about caries and permanent first molars.
Sample preparation to mass spectrometer using ZipTipC18 v1
Authors: Junior Neilier
Published: April 2020

ZipTip is a 10 µL pipette tip that aims to concentrate and purify from femtomols to picomols protein and oligopeptide .
Plaque Assay v1
Authors: Lee Alice
Published: April 2020

Bacteriophages (phage) are viruses that infect bacteria and can be found anywhere that bacteria is found. Performing plaque assays is a technique to purify a population of viruses and can also be used to determine the viral concentration of a given sample. This protocol will outline the steps to carry out plaque assays.
Predictors of anxiety and depressive symptoms among Greek nurses
Authors: Nikolaou Ioannis , Alikari Victoria , Tzavella Foteini , Zyga Sofia , Tsironi Maria , Theofilou Paraskevi
Published: April 2020

Introduction: The increasing needs of an aging population and the shortage of nursing personnel have a negative impact on the workload of nurses increasing the risk of developing anxiety and depressive symptoms. This research aims to evaluate the strength of occupational and demographic characteristics in predicting anxiety and depression among nurses.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a sample of 164 Greek nurses from three hospitals employed full-time participated. Anxiety and depression were measured using the validated Greek versions of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory – State and Trait Y forms and the Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale, respectively. The statistical analysis of the data was performed using the statistical program SPSS version 19.0. The statistical significance level was set up at 0.05.

Results: Younger nurses, unmarried, those without children, those with less work experience, and working in the general medical units were more vulnerable. The average number of patients per nurse during the day shift may not predict anxiety or depression scores. Strong positive correlation between state and trait anxiety (r [162] = 0.77, p < 0.001), state anxiety and depression (r [162] = 0.62, p < 0.001), and trait anxiety and depression (r [162] = 0.63, p < 0.001) was revealed.

Conclusion: Anxiety and depression are prevalent among nurses. Demographic and working characteristics are strong predictors of anxiety and depression among nurses. Nursing managers should emphasize emotional interventions (cognitive behavioral therapy, training on emotional intelligence, strengthening coping skills, and development of high resilience) in supporting nurses at higher risk.
La incertidumbre y las tareas improbables
Authors: Serrano Javier Ovidio
Published: April 2020

La antropología es una disciplina que permanentemente examina y cuestiona las bases en que se construye. Desde la década de 1980 los antropólogos comenzaron a revisar intensamente los efectos de su presencia en el campo, así como las implicancias y las tramas ocultas tras sus escritos. Este trabajo participa en las reflexiones acerca del trabajo de campo etnográfico y se centra en uno de los modos específicos en que los etnógrafos toman notas durante sus investigaciones en el terreno: las libretas de campo. En contraste con las anotaciones más elaboradas del diario y con los textos finales que se presentan al lector, las notas que se registran en libreta resultan manifiestamente precarias. No obstante, defenderemos aquí que conllevan importantes implicaciones metodológicas, a la vez que permiten esclarecer aspectos fundamentales de la experiencia etnográfica.
Antropología de lo doméstico
Authors: Belmontes García Juan Alfonso
Published: April 2020

En este ensayo se presentan las ideas clave para generar un debate sobre la antropología de lo doméstico y el pensamiento surgido del contacto con lo cotidiano. Los oficios, entendidos como las habilidades concretas y tangibles que la persona utiliza para su manutención y comodidad, son una fuente de conocimiento válido para entrever las raíces de la cultura que la persona construye con sus semejantes. En este sentido, la cocina crea a su alrededor un universo social propio, identificado con su territorio, y muy resistente al proceso de asimilación. Se propone que la cocina sea reivindicada como un espacio de interculturalidad. Además de constituir un patrimonio inmaterial por derecho propio, también es un ámbito donde diferentes culturas pueden compartir su forma de ver la realidad.
Habita donde pisas
Authors: Suárez Vara Aina
Published: April 2020

Este artículo tiene como objetivo comprender la noción del “habitar” en el caso concreto de las cuevas de Granada, para ello se ha realizado una aproximación etnográfica a través de la observación participante, entrevistas semi estructuradas y revisión conceptual y bibliográfica en torno a referentes críticos de la modernidad. Finalmente se articulan todas las partes vinculadas con dichas nociones para ofrecer una perspectiva crítica sobre el habitar en profundidad, relacionado con el ser un humano en el mundo y visibilizar con el caso concreto de las cuevas de Granada el potencial subversivo que puede tener el habitar vernáculo en la modernidad presente y como forma de autonomía.
Relación entre el input parental y la competencia en el uso del número y los clasificadores numerales en Totonaco
Authors: Figueroa Saavedra Miguel , Santiago Francisco José
Published: April 2020

Presentamos un estudio empírico aplicado a 1 078 jóvenes totonacos de Filomeno Mata, Veracruz, cuyo fin fue establecer si hay una asociación estadística entre la lengua en que les hablan sus padres y su competencia en el uso del número y el clasificador numeral en totonaco. El análisis muestra que existe una asociación significativa y que el nivel de competencia en el manejo de estos elementos léxicos depende sobre todo de si los padres usan con sus hijos preferentemente la lengua totonaca que la española. Además, se evidencia que actualmente la madre que les habla en totonaco es quien garantiza un uso correcto y amplio de los clasificadores numerales frente a la tendencia a su desuso y simplificación por un uso cada vez mayor del español en la familia.
Aproximación antropológica a la somatización de la violencia
Authors: Antón Hurtado Fina , Madrid Jordán Alba
Published: April 2020

El síndrome de intestino irritable (SII) es un trastorno crónico muy frecuente que requiere ser estudiado más allá del campo biomédico. El interés criminológico y antropológico criminal del SII radica en su alta prevalencia entre mujeres víctimas de violencia doméstica; víctimas de abuso físico, sexual y emocional en la edad adulta; víctimas de abuso sexual infantil; mujeres veteranas de guerra; y adultos expuestos durante la infancia a condiciones severas en tiempos de guerra. Además, las víctimas de violencia afectadas de SII pueden sufrir una revictimización por parte del sistema médico. Dado que el SII es un fenómeno universal con particularidades regionales y culturales, la investigación reciente señala la importancia que tienen en el desarrollo del SII aspectos como la socialización diferencial de género. Los mitos y creencias que poseen las personas afectadas de SII se han investigado abundantemente; no así aquéllos presentes entre el personal médico.
Performance Evaluations of Gaussian Spatial Data Classifiers Based on Hybrid Actual Error Rate Estimators
Authors: Ducinskas Kestutis , Dreiziene Lina
Published: April 2020

Discrimination and classification of spatial data has been widely mentioned in the scientific literature, but lacks full mathematical treatment and easily available algorithms and software. This paper fills this gap by introducing the method of statistical classification based on Bayes discriminant function (BDF) and by providing original approach for the classifier performance evaluation. Supervised classification of spatial data with response variable modelled by Gaussian random fields (GRF) with continuous or discrete spatial index is studied. Populations are assumed to be with different regression parameters vectors. Classification rule based on BDF with inserted ML estimators of regression and scale parameters is studied. We focus on the derived actual error rate (AER) and the approximation of the expected error rate (AEER) for both types of models. These are used in the construction of hybrid actual error rate estimators that are spatial modifications of widely applicable D and O estimators applied in cases of independent observations. Simulation experiments are used for comparison of proposed AER estimators by the minimum of unconditional mean squared error criterion for both types of GRF models.
A Consistent Estimator of Structural Distribution
Authors: Radavičius Marijus
Published: April 2020

We consider sparse count data models with the sparsity rate ? = N/n = O(1) where N = N (n) is the number of observations and n ? ? is the number of cells. In this case the plug-in estimator of the structural distribution of expected frequencies is inconsistent. If ? = O(n ?? ) for some ? > 0, the nonparametric maximum likelihood estimator, in general, is also inconsistent. Assuming that some auxiliary information on the expected frequencies is available, we construct a consistent estimator of the structural distribution.
Family as a General Legal Structure
Authors: Tarusina N. N.
Published: April 2020

The paper is devoted to facilitation of essential features of the family, which could be the basis for its legal definition in the Family Code of the Russian Federation as a a general legal type concept. The author has analyzed different civilistic doctrinal approachers to such a possibility (impossibility), highlighted different variations of family unions, demonstrated problematic aspects of their legal existence or pretences for existence on the basis of parenthood when paternity is established in court proceedings, minor parenthood, surrogate motherhood, etc., as well as on the basis of a far from impeccable ground of gender diversity. The author notes the contradictory positions of the Russian law-maker regarding this matter: relying on traditional values, the latter, of course, does not tend to legalize unions between people with unconventional sexual orientation, but in some cases it seems to condone the opposite without establishing the legal effects of the acts and statements. In conclusion, on the basis of the assumptions developed under the family doctrine, the author proposes a composition of essential and legally significant features of the family, which will allow to design its general definition. As an assumption, the author suggests that one can be guided by the following draft definition: the family is an association of citizens who have a legal relationship regulated under family law (on the basis of marriage, parenthood and childhood, kinship, affinity, custody and/or guardianship, foster parenthood, adoption, dependance, etc.), live together and lead common household, have rights and obligations corresponding to thier family status; family membership is retained in case of temporary separation for good reasons.
The Role of Criminalistic Classification and Defendants’ Typification in the Formation of Forensic Recommendations for Prosecuting in Court
Authors: Kislenko S. L.
Published: April 2020

Systemic characteristics of the doctrine dealing with the person committing a crime predetermine the complexity of the use of information about him or her in the process of criminal prosecution. Systemic information on the behavioral aspects of the person in the process of genesis of criminal and post-criminal activity, as well as its procedural status, will be of great importance in the work of law enforcement agencies as a systematic structure. Criminalistically significant aspects of criminal activity (and behavior) as a systemic holistic structure should be discussed when the decisive role of personal features is determined not only in the mechanism of the criminal act, but also beyond it. The activity of the person that takes place both before the criminal prosecution (criminal aspect) and during the proceedings (post-criminal aspect) should be investigated. Therefore, the identity of the defendant should be considered in the context of such categories as the identity of an offender and the identity of an accused (a suspect). The typification of defendants is necessary In order to improve the effectiveness of the prosecution of offenders in court proceedings. The classification approach allows us to develop targeted recommendations (methods, tactical complexes) to maintain the prosecution. Obtaining and using information about the identity of the defendant implies the need for the public prosecutor to interact with other authorities involved in prosecution process. The author comes to the conclusion that the study of personal and behavioral characteristics of the defendant has important theoretical and practical significance. In the first case, the generalization of such knowledge contributes to the development of criminalistic theory in general and its certain sections in particular. From a practical point of view, accumulation of such knowledge contributes to the formation of targeted criminalistic recommendations used to improve the effectiveness of criminal prosecution of persons who committed crimes within the framework of criminal proceedings.
Studying the History of Political and Lgal Doctrines in Russian Jurisprudence in the 20th — Early 21st Century: Conditions, Directions, Results
Authors: Kornev A. V.
Published: April 2020

The paper is devoted to the role of the history of political and legal ideas in state construction, science and education. In this aspect, the problems related to amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation initiated by the President of the Russian Federation are considered. According to the author, these initiatives are a logical continuation of the planned changes in the political system, the mechanism (apparatus) of the state, the system of local self-government, contained in the most general form in the annual address of the President of the Russian Federation to the Federal Assembly. Such an early date for the address, the subsequent submission of the draft Federal Law to the State Duma without delay, and the work on implementing the provisions contained in it, leave no doubt that there is some strategy for Russia’s political development in the near future. In this regard, an assessment of the political situation in modern Russia is given and suggestions are made regarding the further evolution of the institutions of society and the state. The dialectical relationship between the national development model and its ideological justification is argued. The author emphasizes the special role of ideas in the history of Russian statehood. In addition, the paper reflects the assessment of the history of political and legal doctrines in the system of social sciences and legal education in the Soviet and post-Soviet period. There is evidence of the need to increase the role of theoretical and historical disciplines in the context of modern "hybrid" war and the strengthening of global competition for major geopolitical projects. The idea of reorienting Russian legal education from the study of legislation, which is changing so quickly that it does not actually take the form of knowledge, to the study of law in all its manifestations as a universal regulator of public relations.
Current trends in the treatment of chronic placental insufficiency
Authors: Novitskaya Ekaterina V. , Bolotskikh Vyacheslav M. , Polyakova Victoria O. , Kvetnoy Igor M.
Published: April 2020

According to literature, intrauterine growth retardation complicates about 5% of pregnancies and is usually caused by chronic placental insufficiency. This article reviews literature data on modern views on the issue. Special attention is paid to the role of melatonin in chronic placental insufficiency and intrauterine growth. Examples of experimental studies demonstrate successful pregnancy course and functional fetal development in animals with melatonin treatment. The data obtained by other researchers on the effect of melatonin on pregnancy, in particular, on chronic placental insufficiency in women, are analyzed. Also in this review, we suggest that melatonin, which is a powerful antioxidant, can reduce morbidity and mortality associated with intrauterine growth retardation.