bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Review of Corrosion Resistance Alloy Weld Overlay Cladding Material for Geothermal Applications
Authors: Tayactac Reylina Garcia , Ang Edward B.O.
Published: October 2021

Geothermal is known as renewable energy and a clean energy source but inherent properties make this energy clean. Minerals and deposits in geothermal reservoirs create a scale that is persistent in its corrosive nature. In addition, heat extremes and pressure variations present challenges to the integrity of the wellhead components and the downhole casing. Such challenges need to be mitigated to achieve maximum output from these aging or even newly commissioned wells. The geothermal power industry has reported a wide range of corrosion problems. Given the highly corrosive conditions to be treated in the geothermal sector and the benefits of reduced unplanned downtime, operating cost savings would be expected if more CRAs clad products were used. In many cases, only the material's surface requires corrosion resistance and carbon or alloy steel can be clad with a more corrosion-resistant alloy. Up to 80% of the cost of using solid alloy can be saved by cladding. Carbon or low-alloy steel cladding can be carried out by overlay welding. This paper reviews available literature on corrosion in the geothermal environment and presents the successful use of clad products in other industries to support the rising demand for Philippine geothermal applications.
Palm Kernel Shell as Partial Coarse Aggregate Replacement in Asphalt Mixture: Optimum Binder Content and Volumetric Properties Investigation
Authors: Asri Siti Zubaidah Mohd , Khairuddin Faridah Hanim , Ng Choy Peng , Misnon Noor Aina , Yusoff Nur Izzi Md , Ibrahim Ahmad Nazrul Hakimi
Published: October 2021

Pavement failures such as fatigue, rutting, cracking, bleeding, and stripping are typical pavement deterioration. Researchers have been experimenting with pavement modification to overcome these problems. This study determines the optimum binder content (OBC) for modifying an asphalt mixture with a partial replacement of coarse aggregate (5mm-14mm sieve size) with palm kernel shell (PKS). A 60/70 penetration grade bitumen was mixed with 10, 20 and 30% PKS at selected aggregate gradation following the Public Work Department of Malaysia (JKR/SPJ/2008-S4) specification. The preparation of 60 samples of unmodified and modified asphalt mixture employed the Marshall Method compacted with 75 blows. The OBC was determined based on five volumetric properties of asphalt mixture namely stability, flow, bulk density, void filled with asphalt, and void in total mix. The OBC and volumetric properties of the modified PKS asphalt mixture samples were compared with unmodified asphalt mixture samples in accordance to the specification. Results showed that the OBC sample with 30% aggregate replacement produced the highest OBC value of 5.53% relative to the control sample with 5.40% OBC. The trend for OBC with PKS replacement begins with 10% PKS with 5.30% OBC, 20% PKS with 5.32% OBC and 30% PKS. All volumetric properties of the PKS samples are within the specification limit. Thus, PKS has a promising potential as a coarse aggregate replacement in asphalt mixture.
Modeling the Shear Strength of FRP-Strengthened Rc Beams Using Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Alrouh Nour , Maalej Mohamed , Barakat Samer
Published: October 2021

Externally strengthening reinforced concrete (RC) structures has been a desired practice in both research community and the industry over the last few decades. This application entails bonding composites to the surfaces of RC members to upgrade their strength, stiffness, and ductility. This study will attempt to use Machine Learning (ML) techniques to study and predict the shear strength of RC beams strengthened in shear with externally-bonded fiber-reinforced polymer (EB-FRP) laminates. An extensive database consisting of 511 tested specimens and 17 test parameters were collected. An appropriate artificial neural network (ANN)-based model was used to predict the shear capacities (Vu) of the FRP-strengthened beams, including the specific contributions of the EB-FRP (Vf) to these shear capacities. The obtained results indicate that the ANN-based model provided reasonable predictions for both and Vu and Vf.
Failure Analysis of Multi-Layered Thick-Walled Composite Pipes Subjected to Torsion Loading
Authors: Wang Tian Yu , Menshykova Marina , Menshykov Oleksandr , Guz Igor
Published: October 2021

In the current study multi-layered thick-walled fibre reinforced composite pipes under torsion loading are considered. To analyse the stress-strain distribution in the pipe the Finite Element model (ABAQUS) has been developed. Using the model the radial, hoop, axial and shear stresses have been calculated for different lay-ups of the fibre reinforced pipes, and modified Tsai-Hill failure coefficients have been computed. The validation of the model was done by comparing the results available in the literature and the semi-analytical three-dimensional elasticity solution. The dependence of the failure coefficient on winding angles and layers’ thickness was investigated and analyzed, and the appropriate design considerations have been suggested for four-layer pipes.
Influence of Dressing Parameters on Roundness Tolerance in Cylindrical External Grinding SKD11 Tool Steel
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Tu , Hoang Xuan Tu , Bui Khac Khanh , Tran Ngoc Huy Thinh , Tuan Nguyen Anh , Pi Vu Ngoc
Published: October 2021

The dressing regime parameters in the process of grinding are the most important enabling factors that need to be determined. In this study, the influence of dressing regime parameters (the rough dressing depth, the dressing feed rate, the fine dressing depth, rough dressing times, fine dressing times, none-feeding dressing times) on roundness tolerance for external grinding of SKD11 steel is introduced. The Taguchi technique in designing the experiment and analyzing of variance (ANOVA) have been applied to define the influence of dressing regime parameters on the roundness tolerance. The results show that the impact level of fine dressing times (nf), none-feeding dressing times (n0), fine dressing depth (af), rough dressing times (nr), rough dressing depth (ar), dressing feed rate (Sd), and errors on roundness tolerance (Rt) are 62.88%, 19.70%, 9.85%, 3.79%, 1.52%, 1.52% and 0.76% respectively. Finally, by analyzing experimental results, optimized dressing parameters with fine dressing times (nf) of 3, none-feeding dressing times (no) of 3, fine dressing depth (af) of 0.01 mm, rough dressing times (nr) of 3, rough dressing depth (ar) of 0.03 mm and dressing feed rate (Sd) of 1.0 m/min have been determined, that allow getting the best roundness tolerance.
The Study of Chitosan Solution Coating on Water Barrier Property of Seedling Paper Bag Made from Water Hyacinth
Authors: Khamsao Nattanicha , Waengwan Kornkamon , Konchai Sunisorn , Patthong Poonnapat , Phadungchob Bpantamars , Kruawan Sutiam , Khiewbanyang Natthida , Wutisart Thitipong
Published: October 2021

Seedling bags are low cost and light weight containers used by farmers to germinate and sprout seeds into seedlings before transplanting into the ground. However, cutting and removing seedling bags before the transplantation can damage the plant roots and cause losses in their productivity. In addition, plastics used in conventional seedling bags contribute to more plastic waste during this process. This study offers a solution to these problems with alternative biodegradable materials; i.e. modified papers made from an invasive alien aquatic plant species—water hyacinth—and enhanced with Chitosan solution coating. Papers were made from water hyacinth and dipped or sprayed with Chitosan solution in acetic acid at concentrations of 1% wt., 1.5% wt., and 2% wt. The dipping method showed better water barrier properties than the spraying method in every concentration, with 2% wt. concentration having the best barrier properties. The 2% wt. concentration of Chitosan coating by dipping method changed the water contact angle of the water hyacinth paper from a hydrophilic to a hydrophobic surface. This enhancement in water resistance was confirmed by water absorption time, which reached over 1.5 hours—3 times longer than the spraying method.
Simulating thermal dynamics of the largest lake in the Caucasus region: The mountain Lake Sevan
Authors: Shikhani Muhammed , Mi Chenxi , Gevorgyan Artur , Gevorgyan Gor , Misakyan Amalya , Azizyan Levon , Barfus Klemens , Schulze Martin , Shatwell Tom , Rinke Karsten
Published: October 2021

Lake Sevan is the largest freshwater body in the Caucasus region, situated at an altitude of 1,900 m asl. While it is a major water resource in the whole region, Lake Sevan has received little attention in international limnological literature. Although recent studies pointed to algal blooms and negative impacts of climate change and eutrophication, the physical controls on thermal dynamics have not been characterized and model-based assessments of climate change impacts are lacking. We compiled a decade of historical data for meteorological conditions and temperature dynamics in Lake Sevan and used a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model (GLM 3.1) in order to study thermal structure, the stratification phenology and their meteorological drivers in this large mountain lake. We then evaluated the representativeness of meteorological data products covering almost 4 decades (EWEMBI-dataset: 1979-2016) for driving the model and found that these data are well suited to restore long term thermal dynamics in Lake Sevan. This established model setting allowed us to identify major changes in Lake Sevan’s stratification in response to changing meteorological conditions as expected from ongoing climate change. Our results point to a changing mixing type from dimictic to monomictic as Lake Sevan will experience prolonged summer stratification periods and more stable stratification. These projected changes in stratification must be included in long-term management perspectives as they will intensify water quality deteriorations like surface algal blooms or deep water anoxia.
Myocardial injury in noncardiac surgery
Authors: Park Jungchan , Lee Jong-Hwan
Published: October 2021

Myocardial injury is defined as an elevation of cardiac troponin (cTn) levels with or without associated ischemic symptoms. Robust evidence suggests that myocardial injury increases postoperative mortality after noncardiac surgery. The diagnostic criteria for myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery (MINS) include an elevation of cTn levels within 30 d of surgery without evidence of non-ischemic etiology. The majority of cases of MINS do not present with ischemic symptoms and are caused by a mismatch in oxygen supply and demand. Predictive models for general cardiac risk stratification can be considered for MINS. Risk factors include comorbidities, anemia, glucose levels, and intraoperative blood pressure. Modifiable factors may help prevent MINS; however, further studies are needed. Recent guidelines recommend routine monitoring of cTn levels during the first 48 h post-operation in high-risk patients since MINS most often occurs in the first 3 days after surgery without symptoms. The use of cardiovascular drugs, such as aspirin, antihypertensives, and statins, has had beneficial effects in patients with MINS, and direct oral anticoagulants have been shown to reduce the mortality associated with MINS in a randomized controlled trial. Myocardial injury detected before noncardiac surgery was also found to be associated with postoperative mortality, though further studies are needed.
Lithostratigraphy and lithogeochemistry of Ediacaran alkaline basaltic rocks of the Musgravetown Group, Bonavista Peninsula, northeastern Newfoundland, Canada: an extensional volcanogenic basin in the type-Avalon terrane
Authors: Mills Andrea , Sandeman Hamish
Published: October 2021

Volcanic rocks of the Ediacaran Musgravetown Group on Bonavista Peninsula, Avalon terrane, Newfoundland, include basal ca. 600 Ma calc-alkaline basalt succeeded by continental tholeiite and alkaline rhyolite of the ca. 592 Ma Plate Cove volcanic belt (Bull Arm  Formation), indicating a change from subduction-related to extensionrelated tectonic regimes during that interval. Alkalic basalts on northeastern (Dam Pond area) and southwestern (British Harbour area) Bonavista Peninsula occur below and above, respectively, the  ca. 580 Ma glacial Trinity facies. Dam Pond basalt occurs in a structural dome intercalated with and flanked by fine-grained, siliciclastic deposits (Big Head Formation) overlain by Trinity facies. The British Harbour basalt occurs above the Trinity facies, in an upward- coarsening sandstone sequence (Rocky Harbour Formation) overlain by red beds of the Crown Hill Formation (uppermost Musgravetown Group). The Rocky Harbour and Big Head formations are likely stratigraphically interfingered proximal and distal  deposits, respectively, derived from erosion of the Bull Arm Formation and older Avalonian assemblages.The Big Head basalts have lower SiO2, Zr, FeOT, P2O5, TiO2 and higher Mg#, Cr, V, Co and Ni contents, and are therefore more primitive than the more FeOT-, TiO2-, and P2O5-rich British Harbour basalts. Large-ionlithophile and rare-earth-element concentrations and ratios indicate that both suites originated from low degree partial melts of deep, weakly garnet-bearing, undepleted asthenospheric peridotite sources, with magma conduits likely focused along regional extensional faults. The protracted and episodic extension-related volcanic activity is consistent with a geodynamic setting that evolved from a mature arc into extensional basins with slowly waning magmatism, possibly involving slab rollback and delamination followed by magmatic underplating. The duration and variation of both volcanism and sedimentation indicate that the Musgravetown Group should be elevated to a Supergroup in  order to facilitate  future correlation of its constituent parts with other Avalonian basins.
Case Report: The First Borrelia yangtzensis Infection in a Human in Korea
Authors: Kim Choon Mee , Yun Na Ra , Kim Dong-Min
Published: October 2021

Borrelia yangtzensis has been identified in rodents and ticks in China and Japan. A 57-year-old woman with bite mark was diagnosed with B. yangtzensis infection via molecular and serological testing. Here, we report the first case of human infection caused by B. yangtzensis in Korea.
Nutrition, Inflammation, and the Gut Microbiota among Outpatients with Active Tuberculosis Disease in India
Authors: Huey Samantha L. , Yu Elaine A. , Finkelstein Julia L. , Glesby Marshall J. , Bonam Wesley , Russell David G. , Mehta Saurabh
Published: October 2021

India has the highest rates of tuberculosis (TB) globally and a high prevalence of malnutrition; however, the interplay between host nutritional status, inflammation, and the gut microbiome in active tuberculosis disease (ATBD) is less well-studied. We examined differences in gut microbial composition and diversity based on undernutrition and inflammation status among outpatients with ATBD at the time of treatment initiation. During this exploratory cross-sectional study, outpatients (N = 32) with ATBD (confirmed by Xpert MTB/RIF) were enrolled in anti-TB treatment initiated at a hospital in rural southern India. The 16S rRNA sequencing was used to assess the composition of the gut microbiome. We assessed multiple markers of nutritional status, including micronutrient status concentrations (vitamin D [25(OH)D], vitamin B12, ferritin), anthropometry (body mass index, mid-upper arm circumference, and height), and C-reactive protein (CRP), as indicators of inflammation. We found that 25(OH)D was positively associated with the relative abundance of Oscillospira spp., a butyrate-producing genus linked with anti-inflammation effects, and that ferritin was positively associated with Proteobacteria taxa, which have been associated with worse inflammation in other studies. Finally, we found a greater abundance of inflammation-associated taxa from the Proteobacteria phylum and lower alpha-diversity indices among those who were underweight or who had low mid-upper arm circumference or short stature. In summary, we found differences in the gut microbiota composition and diversity among those with undernutrition compared with those with adequate nutrition status at the time of initiation of treatment among patients with ATBD in India. Clinical implications of these findings will need to be examined by larger longitudinal studies.
Modeled Impact of Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention on District-Level Suspected and Confirmed Malaria Cases in Chad Based on Routine Clinical Data (2013–2018)
Authors: Richardson Sol , Moukenet Azoukalne , Diar Mahamat Saleh Issakha , de Cola Monica Anna , Rassi Christian , Counihan Helen , Roca-Feltrer Arantxa
Published: October 2021

Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine plus amodiaquine is delivered to children aged 3–59 months as seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) in areas where transmission is highly seasonal such as Chad and other Sahelian countries. Although clinical trials show a 75% reduction in malaria cases, evidence of SMC’s impact at scale remains limited. Using data from the Chadian National Health Management Information System, we analyzed associations between SMC implementation during July–October and monthly district-level malaria incidence (suspected and confirmed outpatient cases) among children aged 0–59 months at health facilities in 23 health districts with SMC implementation during 2013–2018. Generalized additive models were fitted with separate cyclic cubic spline terms for each district to adjust for seasonality in cases. SMC implementation in Chad was associated, compared with no implementation, with lower monthly counts of both suspected (rate ratio [RR]: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.72–0.94. P = 0.006) and confirmed malaria cases (RR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.71–0.93, P = 0.003), representing around 20% reduction in malaria incidence. Sensitivity analyses showed effect sizes of up to 28% after modifying model assumptions. Caution should be exercised in interpreting our findings, which may not be comparable with other studies, and may over- or underestimate impact of SMC; not all malaria cases present at health facilities, not all suspected cases are tested, and not all facilities report cases consistently. This study’s approach presents a solution for employing readily available routine data to evaluate the impact of health interventions at scale without extensive covariate data. Further efforts are needed to improve the quality of routine data in Chad and elsewhere.
Proximity of Residence to Irrigation Determines Malaria Risk and Anopheles Abundance at an Irrigated Agroecosystem in Malawi
Authors: Mangani Charles , Frake April N. , Chipula Grivin , Mkwaila Wezi , Kakota Tasokwa , Mambo Isaac , Chim'gonda Jerome , Mathanga Don , Mzilahowa Themba , Zulu Leo , Walker Edward
Published: October 2021

As countries of sub-Saharan Africa expand irrigation to improve food security and foster economic growth, it is important to quantify the malaria risk associated with this process. Irrigated ecosystems can be associated with increased malaria risk, but this relationship is not fully understood. We studied this relationship at the Bwanje Valley Irrigation Scheme (800 hectares) in Malawi. Household prevalence of malaria and indoor Anopheles density were quantified in two cross-sectional studies in 2016 and 2017 (5,829 residents of 1,091 households). Multilevel logistic regression was used to estimate the association between distance to the irrigation scheme and malaria infection and mosquito density. The prevalence of malaria infection was 50.2% (2,765/5,511) by histidine-rich protein 2–based malaria rapid diagnostic tests and 30.1% (1,626/5,403) by microscopy. Individuals residing in households within 3 km of the scheme had significantly higher prevalence of infection (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.41; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.18, 1.68); school-aged children had the highest prevalence among age groups (aOR = 1.34; 95% CI 1.11, 1.63). Individuals who reported bed net use, and households with higher socioeconomic status and higher level of education for household head or spouse, had lower odds of malaria infection. Female Anopheles mosquitoes (2,215 total; Anopheles arabiensis, 90.5%, Anopheles funestus, 9.5%) were significantly more abundant in houses located within 1.5 km of the scheme. Proximity of human dwellings to the irrigation scheme increased malaria risk, but higher household wealth index reduced risk. Therefore, multisectoral approaches that spur economic growth while mitigating increased malaria transmission are needed for people living close to irrigated sites.
Assessment of Commercial Real-Time PCR Assays for Detection of Malaria Infection in a Non-Endemic Setting
Authors: Ramírez Alexandra Martín , Tang Thuy Huong Ta , Suárez Marta Lanza , Fernández Ana Álvarez , García Carlota Muñoz , Hisam Shamilah , Rubio José M.
Published: October 2021

Malaria control and elimination require prompt diagnosis and accurate treatment. Conventional methods such as rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) and microscopy lack the characteristics to detect low parasitemias, commonly found in asymptomatic parasitemias and/or submicroscopic malaria carriers. On the contrary, molecular methods have higher sensitivity and specificity. This study evaluated the performance of two commercial real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays, RealStar® Malaria PCR (RealStar-genus) and RealStar Malaria Screen&Type PCR (RealStar-species), compared with the reference Nested Multiplex Malaria PCR, for the detection of the main five Plasmodium species affecting humans. A total of 121 samples were evaluated. Values of sensitivity (98.9% and 97.8%) and specificity (100% and 96.7%) of the RealStar-genus and the RealStar-species assays, respectively, were very good. The limit of detection (LoD) for the RealStar-genus assay showed a mean value of 0.28 parasites/µL with Plasmodium falciparum samples; while, the LoD of the RealStar-species assay ranged from 0.09 parasites/µL for P. vivax to two parasites/µL for P. ovale. The time to complete a diagnosis was established in 4 hours. Our findings showed a very good concordance of both assays compared with the reference method, with a very good analytical sensitivity. RealStar-species assay was able to correctly characterize double and triple infections. Therefore, these RealStar assays have shown to be useful tools in malaria diagnosis in non-endemic countries and even endemic countries, and for malaria control in general, detecting low parasitemias with sensitivity similar to the most sensitive methods as nested PCR, but with lower time to get the results.
The Applicability of Commonly Used Severity of Illness Scores to Tropical Infections in Australia
Authors: Salaveria Kris , Smith Simon , Liu Yu-Hsuan , Bagshaw Richard , Ott Markus , Stewart Alexandra , Law Matthew , Carter Angus , Hanson Josh
Published: October 2021

Many patients with leptospirosis, melioidosis, and rickettsial infection require intensive care unit (ICU) admission in tropical Australia every year. The multi-organ dysfunction associated with these infections results in significantly elevated severity of illness (SOI) scores. However, the accuracy of these SOI scores in predicting death from these tropical infections is incompletely defined. This retrospective study was performed at Cairns Hospital, a tertiary-referral hospital in tropical Australia. All patients admitted to ICU with laboratory-confirmed leptospirosis, melioidosis, and rickettsial disease between January 1, 1999 and June 30, 2020, were eligible for the study. The ability of Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II, APACHE III, Simplified Acute Physiology Scores (SAPS) II, and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores to predict death before ICU discharge was evaluated. Overall, 18 (12.1%) of the 149 included patients died: 15/74 (20.3%) with melioidosis, 2/54 (3.7%) with leptospirosis and 1/21 (4.8%) with rickettsial disease. However, the APACHE II, APACHE III, SAPS II, and SOFA scores significantly overestimated the case-fatality rate of all the infections; the disparity between the predicted and observed mortality was most marked in the cases of leptospirosis and rickettsial disease. Commonly used SOI scores significantly overestimate the case-fatality rate of melioidosis, leptospirosis, and rickettsial infections in Australian ICU patients. This may be at least partly explained by the unique pathophysiology of these infections, particularly leptospirosis and rickettsial disease. However, SOI scores may still be useful in facilitating the comparison of disease severity in clinical trials that examine patients with these pathogens.
Case Report: Rapid Response to Low-Dose Thalidomide in a Case of Severe Steroid Recalcitrant Erythema Nodosum Leprosum
Authors: Savitha Bathula , Sardana Kabir , Kumari Ritu , Khurana Ananta , Sinha Surabhi , Sachdeva Soumya
Published: October 2021

Erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL), or type 2 lepra reaction, presents with crops of evanescent, tender erythematous nodules accompanied by fever, arthralgia, malaise and organ-specific manifestations and is seen in borderline and lepromatous leprosy. The drugs approved for ENL include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, systemic steroids, thalidomide and clofazimine. The management of ENL is challenging because long-term steroid use leads to steroid dependence. The present patient had severe steroid recalcitrant ENL with vesicular and pustular lesions mimicking Sweet’s syndrome and was treated effectively with a low-dose thalidomide regimen (100 mg/d) as opposed to high dose (400 mg/d) recommended in literature. We discuss the patho-mechanics and clinical utility of a low-dose thalidomide regimen as an effective treatment option for ENL.
Reduction of otorhinolaryngological consultations due to the COVID-19 lockdown and its impact on disease progression
Authors: Bucher Sarina , Neumann Aline S. , Meerwein Christian M. , Holzmann David , Soyka Michael B.
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVES: To compare consultations at the Otorhinolaryngological Department at a tertiary referral centre between the COVID-19 lockdown in 2020 and the same period in 2019, as well as to study the impact of deferring visits on disease progression.

METHODS: The emergency consultations during these time periods were analysed retrospectively. The effect of postponing appointments on disease progression was examined for 122 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis, for 50 patients with a benign tumour and for 22 patients with the diagnosis of a malignant tumour. To compare disease progression, patients with the diagnosis of a malignant tumour were matched to patients seen over the same period in 2019.
RESULTS: During the lockdown, a reduction of 44.1% in emergency consultations compared with 2019 was observed. The largest significant decrease of consultation numbers was seen for otitis media and for Eustachian tube dysfunction. Fewer patients with tonsillitis sought emergency assistance; however, no difference in frequency of abscesses was observed. Disease progression was seen in 44.4% of  patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. In 2020, 18.8% of patients with the diagnosis of a malignant tumour showed disease progression, yet no difference from the previous year was observed.
CONCLUSION: Fewer emergency consultations took place during the COVID-19 lockdown; among others, there were fewer visits due to otitis media and tonsillitis. However, no change in the incidence of complications was noted. Almost 50% of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis showed disease progression, leading to prolonged suffering due to the rescheduling of appointments. The treatment of patients with the diagnosis of a malignant tumour was not affected by the postponement of consultations.
The very low risk of myocarditis and pericarditis after mRNA COVID-19 vaccination should not discourage vaccination
Authors: Haaf Philip , Kuster Gabriela M. , Mueller Christian , Berger Christoph T. , Monney Pierre , Burger Peter , Stämpfli Simon F. , Attenhofer Jost Christine Helena , Zellweger Michael J. , Osswald Stefan , Donner Birgit C. , Koestner Simon C. , Tanner Felix C.
Published: October 2021

The benefits of vaccination – regarding COVID-19 infection and transmission, as well as COVID-associated complications – clearly outweigh the potential risk of vaccine-associated inflammation of the heart and other adverse events. Given the current state of knowledge, the outcome of myocarditis and pericarditis following vaccination is generally good. This review aims to guide physicians in the early diagnosis and management of suspected myocarditis following mRNA COVID vaccination. The initial work-up should include detailed history, a 12-lead electrocardiogram and serological biomarkers (high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T/I, natriuretic peptides and markers of inflammation) in accordance with the assessments recommended in current clinical practice guidelines for patients presenting with acute chest pain. In patients with suspected myocarditis, further assessment with transthoracic echocardiography and cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging should be undertaken to confirm peri-/myocarditis and to distinguish the findings from other diseases with similar presentation. Patients with mRNA vaccine-associated myocarditis should be followed-up at least once to exclude chronic myocardial inflammation and deterioration of left ventricular ejection fraction. Consultation with an expert such as an immunologist with experience in vaccination regarding further mRNA vaccinations is advised in all patients with mRNA vaccine-associated perimyocarditis. Reporting of mRNA vaccine-associated myocarditis to Swissmedic is mandatory. Cohort studies prospectively follow-up on young adult and paediatric populations following immunisation with an mRNA COVID vaccine to monitor cardiac and immune parameters would generate valuable knowledge to better understand pathogenesis and risk factors for vaccine-associated perimyocarditis.
Koncepcja organizacji pracy w instytucji naukowej – ankiety i opracowania z okresu okupacji (1941–1942) w Państwowym Muzeum Zoologicznym w Warszawie
Authors: Iwan Dariusz , Daszkiewicz Piotr
Published: October 2021

The Concept of Work Organisation in a Scientific Institution – Surveys and Studies from the Occupation Period (1941–1942) at the State Zoological Museum in Warsaw

During the Second World War, the State Zoological Museum in Warsaw (PMZ) suffered severe losses. Many workers were killed, and parts of the zoological and book collections were stolen by the Germans as early as 1939. The Museum became an important centre of the resistance movement, as it became a storage for weapons, explosives, and chemicals used for sabotage. Despite the repressions, the Museum employees tried to continue their work under the occupation and developed a modern model for the functioning of this institution to be implemented after the war. In the archives of the Museum and Institute of Zoology, a folder was found containing the documentation of the surveys conducted in 1941–1942 on the organisation of work and the future structure of the PMZ. This article presents the first analysis of these documents, which turned out to be a valuable source of information on the functioning of scientific institutions during the occupation, as well as on the history of the PMZ itself.
Trzecia nowoczesność i koncepcja władzy instrumentalnej Shoshan Zuboff
Authors: Lewandowski Piotr
Published: October 2021

Third Modernity and Shoshan Zuboff’s Concept of Instrumental Power
The article describes the phenomenon of instrumental power in the third modernity. The work aims to define the theoretical framework of the third modernity and the new paradigm of exercising social control through instrumentalism. These concepts come from the works of Shoshan Zuboff and raise the issue of contemporary social relations in a globalised society.
Recenzje
Authors: Hickiewicz Jerzy , Rataj Piotr , Sadłowski Przemysław , Jackowski Stefan , Szaniawska Lucyna , Trojanowska Anna
Published: October 2021

Jerzy Hickiewicz, Piotr Rataj, Przemysław Sadłowski, Zygmunt Wojciechowski, Kronika Toruńskiej Elektrowni, Gazowni i Tramwajów: Od początku do lat 30. XX wieku, Polskie Zrzeszenie Inżynierów i Techników Sanitarnych, Oddział Toruń, Toruń 2020, ss. 176

Stefan Jackowski, Roman Duda, Historia matematyki w Polsce na tle dziejów nauki i kultury, Instytut Historii Nauki im. L. i A. Birkenmajerów PAN, Oficyna Wydawnicza ASPRA-JR, Warszawa 2019, ss. 626

Lucyna Szaniawska, Edward Brooke-Hitching, Złoty atlas. Największe wyprawy, odkrycia i poszukiwania na mapach, tłum. Janusz Szczepański, Dom Wydawniczy REBIS, Poznań, 2018, ss. 255, 120 reprodukcji dawnych map

Anna Trojanowska, Anna Maria Kielak, M. Konstancja Majewska, Jan Majewski, Apteka „Pod Złotym Lwem” na tle krótkiej historii aptekarstwa poznańskiego, Wydawnictwo Nowa Baśń, Poznań 2020, s. 99
Magiczny ironista. O "Szamańskiej chorobie" Jacka Hugo-Badera
Authors: Adamczewska-Baranowska Izabella
Published: October 2021

The Magical Ironist. On "Shamanic Disease" by Jacek Hugo-Bader

The purpose of this paper is to analyze Jacek Hugo-Bader’s novel reportage “Shamanic Disease” ("Szamańska choroba") understood as a blend of reportage and the conventions of magical realism. By utilizing ironic self-creation of the narrator in the reportage, Hugo-Bader’s discussion of belief in terms of problematization and thematization rather than as a fact-finding process through research does not violate the referential pact. The case study is a part of the discussion on both the literary reportage, which boldly combines the elements of journalism with licentia poetica, and on Melchior Wańkowicz’s “extension of the convention” of the reportage genre in Poland. In addition to the categories of realistic fiction and fantastic fiction – understood in the context of non-fiction – this paper will discuss a third element: magical fiction, which will be related to contemporary theories of performative ethnography.

Celem artykułu jest analiza "Szamańskiej choroby" Jacka Hugo-Badera, rozpatrywanej jako reportażowa realizacja konwencji realizmu magicznego. Problematyzowanie i tematyzowanie wiary (a nie faktów i prowadzącego do ich poznania researchu) nie powoduje zerwania paktu referencjalnego dzięki ironicznej autokreacji podmiotu reporterskiego. Studium przypadku wpisuje się w dyskusje na temat literackiego reportażu, śmiało łączącego dziennikarskość z licentia poetica, oraz postulowanego przez Melchiora Wańkowicza „poszerzenia konwencji” tego gatunku. Uruchamiane w kontekście literatury faktu kategorie fikcji realistycznej i fikcji fantastycznej uzupełniam o element trzeci: fikcję magiczną, odnosząc się m.in. do współczesnych teorii etnografii performatywnej.
O doniosłości niepewności i myśli słabej
Authors: Szpunar Magdalena
Published: October 2021

About the Significance of Uncertainty and Weak Thought The main aim of the article is to present the concept of weak thought and uncertainty as categories that allow the acceptance of conscious ignorance. The author claims that these categories are an expression of the maturity of an individual who accepts his own ignorance, a state of limbo, or approving expectation. Referring to the publications in the field of psychology, philosophy, sociology and cultural studies, the author discusses the importance of the category of negative ability for everyday existence, meaning an understanding and accepting attitude towards emerging uncertainties, doubts and dilemmas. The author puts forward the thesis that achieving it releases us from the compulsive and immediate need to search for causes and make unambiguous decisions. Głównym celem artykułu jest przedstawienie koncepcji myśli słabej i niepewności jako kategorii pozwalających akceptować świadomą niewiedzę. Autorka stawia tezę, iż kategorie te stanowią wyraz dojrzałości jednostki, która akceptuje własną ignorancję, stan zawieszenia czy aprobujące oczekiwanie. Odwołując się do czasopiśmiennictwa z zakresu psychologii, filozofii, socjologii i kulturoznawstwa, autorka omawia ważność dla codziennej egzystencji kategorii zdolności negatywnej oznaczającej rozumiejącą i akceptującą postawę wobec pojawiających się niepewności, wątpliwości i rozterek. Autorka stawia tezę, iż jej osiągnięcie zwalnia nas z kompulsywnej i natychmiastowej potrzeby poszukiwania przyczyn i dokonywania jednoznacznych rozstrzygnięć.
Ý ĐỊNH SỬ DỤNG ỨNG DỤNG DI ĐỘNG ĐỂ LỰA CHỌN CÁC DỊCH VỤ KHI DU LỊCH CỦA GIỚI TRẺ TRONG THỜI KỲ CHUYỂN ĐỔI SỐ
Authors: KHOA BÙI THÀNH , HUẾ CHI TRẦN THỊ , HÙNG MAI THANH , MAI CHI VŨ THỊ
Published: October 2021

Sự phát triển của công nghệ đã thay đổi các hoạt động trong cuộc sống của con người, bao gồm cả hoạt động du lịch. Các du khách trẻ tuổi là những người có sự hiểu biết về công nghệ và thường xuyên đi du lịch, nên việc lựa chọn các dịch vụ khi du lịch là điều không thể tránh khỏi. Dựa trên mô hình chấp nhận công nghệ, mục tiêu của nghiên cứu này nhằm tìm hiểu về ý định sử dụng các ứng dụng di động để lựa chọn các dịch vụ du lịch của thế hệ Z trong thời kỳ chuyển đổi số. Bên cạnh phương pháp nghiên cứu định tính để xác nhận và điều chỉnh thang đo, nghiên cứu còn sử dụng phương pháp nghiên cứu định lượng thông qua việc sử dụng bảng câu hỏi trực tuyến tự quản trị để khảo sát 786 du khách thuộc thế hệ Z, những người từng đi du lịch và sử dụng các ứng dụng di động để đặt các dịch vụ trong quá trình thực hiện chuyến đi. Kết quả nghiên cứu ngoài khẳng định lại kết quả của mô hình chấp nhận công nghệ (TAM) được đề xuất bởi Davis (1986), thì còn chỉ ra rằng tính cách đổi mới của du khách là yếu tố bên ngoài ảnh hưởng tích cực đến quá trình chấp nhận lựa chọn khi đi du lịch của du khách thế hệ Z. Nghiên cứu cũng đề xuất một số giải pháp cho các doanh nghiệp kinh doanh dịch vụ liên quan đến du lịch khi xây dựng, hoặc sử dụng các ứng dụng di động để quảng bá.
Tel Ark Eklemeli İmalat: Son Gelişmeler ve Değerlendirmeler**
Authors: GÜLER Serkan , SERİNDAĞ Hüseyin Tarık , ÇAM Gürel
Published: October 2021

Yenilikçi bir imalat teknolojisi olan metal eklemeli imalat (MEİ) günümüzde havacılık-uzay, enerji, otomotiv, tıp gibi çeşitli endüstriyel alanlarda uygulanmaktadır. Bu imalat yöntemlerinde metal parçaların üretimi, üç farklı şekilde yapılmaktadır. Bunlar toz sermeli ergitme, toz beslemeli ergitme ve tel eklemeli ergitme sistemleridir. Bu yöntemlerden ilk ikisinde hammadde olarak metal veya alaşım tozları kullanılırken üçüncü yöntemde metal veya alaşımlardan imal edilmiş ilave tel başlangıç malzemesidir. Ancak, metal tozlarının özellikle de alaşım tozlarının maliyetleri oldukça yüksektir. Bu da tel kullanılarak yapılan eklemeli metal parça üretimini oldukça cazip hale getirmektedir. Tel ark eklemeli üretimin (TAEİ) diğer bir avantajı da, küçük ve orta büyüklükteki parçaların ekonomik olarak ve yüksek hızda üretebilmesi potansiyelidir. Günümüzde, bu yenilikçi imalat teknolojisi Ti ve alaşımları, Al ve alaşımları, Ni-esaslı alaşımlar ve çelik gibi değişik mühendislik malzemelerinden parça üretiminde ümit vadeden bir üretim teknolojisi olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bu makalede tel ark eklemeli imalat konusundaki çalışmalar ve yaygın kullanılan metalik teller tartışılacak ve bu yöntem ile üretilen parçaların içyapı ve mekanik özellikleri ele alınacaktır. Ayrıca, TAEİ’ta karşılaşılan deformasyon, porozite ve çatlak oluşumu gibi hatalar ve bunların nedenleri de tartışılacaktır. Son olarak bu üretim yönteminin metal parça imalatında yaygın olarak kullanılabilmesi için aşılması gereken sorunlar özetlenecektir.
Effect of Aspect Ratio on High Rise Structures with Diagrid
Authors: Vimala A. , Vimala A.
Published: October 2021

Urbanization and population explosion in the present times has led to increase in demand for land and residencies but the availability of land is scare i.e reason a trend has evolved for construction of high rise structures in high rise structures major emphasis given to lateral load resisting systems. As diagrid structural system is lighter, stiffer and is effective in resisting the lateral loads, the present investigation carried out to study the performance diagrid on high rise structures varying aspect ratio. The study is carried out to observe the performance of diagrid structures ranging from 30 to 90 storeys. Diagrid structures are modelled with 3 storey module and performance of 7 models with different storeys i.e 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 (aspect ratio 3.67-10.86) and with fixed plan area. As a part 1 investigation to optimise the diagrid angle a 30 storey Diagrid structure performance is studied with 4 different diagrid angles one storey module angle 35°45’, Two storey module angle 55°13’, Three storey module 65°9’, Four storey module 70°51’. The optimized diagrid angle is used for different aspect ratio high rise structures to investigate the performance in terms of Storey displacement, Storey drift ratio, base shear and time period. For all the models plan area is fixed. Second part of investigation was a numerical study carried out by utilizing identified optimum angle of diagrid is applied on high rise buildings with aspect ratios 3.67, 4.86, 6.06, 7.26, 8.46, 9.67, 10.86 (Aspect ratio is the total height of the building to the width of the building). Behaviour of the Diagrid buildings due to change in aspect ratio is analysed based on parameters such as Storey displacements, Storey drift ratio, Base shear, Time period. As a part of investigation parameters such as Storey displacements and storey drift ratio were evaluated if they were within the limits as per IS code provisions. Percentage increase in storey displacements, maximum storey drift ratio,
THE EFFECT OF THE EXTERNAL MEDIUM ON THE STRUCTURAL-PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS OF QUARTZITE UPON HIGH-ENERGY ELECTRON IRRADIATION
Authors: Bereznyak E.P. , Kolodiy I.V. , Khodyreva Yu.S.
Published: October 2021

The structural transformations of the natural quartzite under the electron irradiation in doses range of 107…108 Gy in various medium were studied using IR-spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and crystal-optical analyzes. It was established that under the irradiation, both in air and in a water stream, intense crystallization of the amorphous component occurs, which is siliceous cement. The initial crystal structure of quartzite is also improved as a result of radiation annealing of defects and impurities present in the initial quartz. It was found that the water medium significantly accelerates these processes, however, in the studied doses range for both types of irradiation, degradation of the quartzite crystal structure is not observed.
Towards a More Equal City: Seven Transformations for More Equitable and Sustainable Cities
Authors: Mahendra Anjali , King Robin , Du Jillian , Dasgupta Ani , Beard Victoria , Kallergis Achilles , Schalch Kathleen
Published: October 2021

Urbanization is happening differently today than in the past and occurring most rapidly in places with the fewest resources. Traditional approaches are not able to keep up, leaving billions of people with poor access to basic necessities, dragging down economies and damaging the environment. This synthesis report of the Towards a More Equal City series proposes a new way of thinking about urban development, where the metrics for a functional and thriving city are defined by the quality, reliability and affordability of essential services. The report brings together the best thinking from over six years of research and more than 160 authors and reviewers. It acts as a roadmap for how to break through sectoral silos and the status quo to make cities more equal, which will in turn create prosperity, reduce environmental damage and improve livelihoods. The report documents breakthrough innovations from numerous cities, revealing real solutions and the outcomes of investing in equitable service provision. It also offers a clear path to recovery now and resilience in the future. Human development challenges are increasingly urban development challenges, including the ways in which they relate to climate change. These findings can help cities, countries and the global community make progress on critical global objectives, from the Sustainable Development Goals and UN Habitat’s New Urban Agenda to the Paris Agreement and COVID-19 recovery.
The Evaluation of Humoral Immune Response to Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia in Cattle with Respiratory Disorders by Western Blot Technique, Competitive Enzyme Linked Immunosor-bent Assay and Complement Fixation Test
Authors: ERDENLİĞ GÜRBİLEK Sevil , ÖZDEMİR Ümit , TEL Osman Yaşar
Published: October 2021

In this study 253 serum samples from cattle showing respiratory disorders were tested by confirmatory Western Immunoblotting test (IBT), complement fixation test (CFT) and competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA). Two (0.8%) out of 253 serum samples were found to be positive and two were (0.8%) doubtful by CFT while 7 (2.8%) serum samples were found as positive and 25 (9.9%) of them were found to be doubtful by c-ELISA. On the other hand, a core profile of antigenic bands needed to be identified at 110, 98, 95, 62/60 and 48 kDa was not detected in any of the test serum sample. Immunoblot analysis some of serum samples displayed the number of bands between one or three and some of them were highly faint. In order to detect similarities between MmmSc strains related to their electrophoretic profiles, whole cell proteins of Mycoplasma species isolated from cattle and MmmSC reference strains (Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides SC Botswana (African strain), Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides SC PG1 (reference strain), Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides SC V5 (Australian strain), M. bovigenitalium, M. bovirhinis, M. capricolum subsp. capricolum, M.canadense, M.alkalescens and M. bovis) were analysed by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrilamide gel elektrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The result of this analysis indicated that antigens of 220, 78, 82, 68, 24 kDa were common among all tested strains. According to these results, it was thought that positive results by both CFT and c-ELISA, also non specific band patterns observed by IBT might be caused by a cross reaction between tested mycoplasma strains. As conclusion, it is recommended that all the positive results by CFT and c-ELISA be confirmed by IBT.