bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Late-Epoch, Matter-Bounded Spectrum of the Nova V1405 Cassiopeiae
Authors: Rudy Richard J. , Subasavage John P. , Mauerhan Jon C.
Published: December 2023

Optical and near-infrared spectra of the classical nova V1405 Cassiopeiae (V1405 Cas) from more than two years after outburst show a still bright nova of intermediate excitation with coronal lines, some high-ionization but non-coronal forbidden lines, and very strong emission features of He ii. However, the common nebular lines of [N ii], [O ii], and [O iii] are absent and the lines of He i are very weak. Analysis with the photoionization code CLOUDY indicates a emission line region that is sharply matter-bounded, truncating before the gas excitation drops sufficiently to support the parent ions of lower excitation lines.
Hoverflies of the Timon-David collection (Diptera, Syrphidae)
Authors: Neve Gabriel , Lair Xavier , Lebard Thomas , Meunier Jean-Yves , Teste Louis-Jean , Séguinel Louise
Published: December 2023

Hoverflies are among the most important insect pollinators and there is documented evidence of a recent decline in their populations. To trace the past distributions of hoverfly species, verified records of historical collections are essential.

Here we provide data on 1071 specimens of hoverflies collected or received by Jean Timon-David and hosted at the Marseille Natural History Museum, France. Most of the specimens were collected by Timon-David himself and come from south-eastern France, mainly from the departments of Bouches-du-Rhône, Var and Hautes-Alpes. Most of these specimens were checked for the accuracy of their identification according to the latest identification keys. This resulted in 85 additions to the known fauna of the French departments, mostly for Var and Bouches-du-Rhône. The taxonomy of all specimens was checked against the latest available checklists, and updated names added whenever necessary. Specimens received from entomologists working in other continents may also be valuable, as these are historic testimonies of the fauna of their own respective regions of origin, and may therefore also be used as reference material. One paratype specimen from Australia is present in the collection. The holotype of Cheilosia vangaveri Timon-David, 1937 is absent from the collection and should be considered as lost. All but two of the specimens with locality labels had their geographical coordinates of origin added in the data set.
Artificial Intelligence as Catalyst for the Tourism Sector: A Literature Review
Authors: Herrera Anita , Arroyo Ángel , Jiménez Alfredo , Herrero Álvaro
Published: December 2023

The analysis of Artificial Intelligence techniques and models used in the tourism sector provides insightful information for the management and innovation of this industry. In this paper, we conduct a comprehensive review of the different techniques and models, in regards to Artificial Intelligence when applied to the tourism industry. Specifically, we present a categorization of Artificial Intelligence applications used in different areas of tourism. The results allow to recognize valid studies and useful tools for the activation and growth of the tourism sector, an industry that represents a significant increase in the Gross Domestic Product of various economies and supports the development of life conditions for their inhabitants. Artificial Intelligence applications generate more personalized travel experiences, improve the efficiency of tourism services and strengthen the tourism competitiveness of the destination. 
A new cryptic species of terrestrial breeding frog of the Pristimantis danae Group (Anura, Strabomantidae) from montane forests in Ayacucho, Peru
Authors: Herrera-Alva Valia , Catenazzi Alessandro , Aguilar-Puntriano César
Published: December 2023

Based on morphological and molecular characters, we describe a new species of terrestrial breeding frog of the Pristimantis danae Group from montane forests of La Mar Province, Ayacucho Department in southern Peru, at elevations from 1200 to 2000 m a.s.l. The phylogenetic analysis, based on concatenated sequences of gene fragments of 16S rRNA, RAG1, COI and TYR suggests that the new species is a sister taxon of a clade that includes one undescribed species of Pristimantis from Cusco, Pristimantis pharangobates and Pristimantis rhabdolaemus. The new species is most similar to P. rhabdolaemus, which differs by lacking scapular tubercules and by its smaller size (17.0–18.6 mm in males [n = 5], 20.8–25.2 mm in females [n = 5] in the new species vs. 22.8–26.3 mm in males [n = 19], 26.0–31.9 mm in females [n = 30] of P. rhabdolaemus). Additionally, we report the prevalence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) in this species.
Managed Care: A Legislator's Viewpoint
Authors: LaTourette Steven
Published: December 2023

This article presents a congressman's view of managed care. A description of managed care is presented along with the overall purpose of this movement. Both the advantages and disadvantages of managed care are discussed as they have been presented on the legislative front.
Role Redesign: What Has It Accomplished?
Authors: Kerfoot Karlene
Published: December 2023

This article describes the trends that are stimulating the redesigning of roles in health care, the concerns created by this redefinition, and the anticipated future challenges of continuing role redesign. While the evolution of roles will continue, the kind of models we should develop for the future remains unclear. Meanwhile, we are continuing to make monumental changes in health care systems without knowing whether we are improving patient care or making it worse. Health care is a rapidly evolving industry whose rate of change has been escalated by the vastly increased sense of competition, dwindling resources, and rising demand by payers, patients, and communities for high quality, low cost, convenient service. We now find health care in a state of chaos with many politicians, consultants, and industry leaders offering dramatic solutions. Although, this rush to redesign seems difficult, our history is replete instances of with similar rethinking of roles. Because our profession is fragmented over so many nursing organizations (more than 80 now), it has been difficult to develop, critique, and oversee the redesigns that have often been imposed from outside of nursing.
L’Information géographique en contexte (3) : entre héritage assumé et renouvellement (1995-2005)
Authors: Retaillé Denis
Published: December 2023

L’Information géographique , fondée en 1936, a évolué jusqu’à proposer des dossiers de réflexion au format de livres. C’est au cours de la décennie 1995-2005 que le passage des multiples rubriques d’information aux dossiers régionaux ou thématiques, tous problématiques, a été opéré. Ce troisième épisode de notre revue observée en contexte, décrit les étapes de cette mutation nécessaire en en montrant les hésitations. La convergence de la recherche et de l’enseignement que réclamaient les fondateurs reste, malgré tout, le but de la Revue avec toujours le monde en mouvement comme fond de scène.
Les espaces ruraux de Lituanie : des dynamiques spatiales hétérogènes ?
Authors: Chevalier Pascal , Maciulyte Jurgita , Dedeire Marc
Published: December 2023

Dans cet article, il est question de renouveler et réinterpréter la lecture de la recomposition rurale, dans ses formes les plus variées, par une analyse comparative à l’échelle d’un pays ayant jadis appartenu à l’Union Soviétique et, aujourd’hui, membre de l’UE : la Lituanie. Plus largement, la contribution propose de mesurer la part des facteurs endogènes et exogènes explicatifs de la recomposition contemporaine rurale en présentant un travail de cartographie statistique multivariée à l’échelle des provinces rurales (NUTS 4) qui rendra compte de la complexité et de la différenciation spatiale des formes d’intégration socio-économique des territoires ruraux lituaniens. Comment se traduisent-elles spatialement et quelles formes prennent-elles selon la nature des espaces ruraux régionaux et leur proximité à la ville ?
Péguy polémiste et l’idée d’œuvre
Authors: Barral Céline
Published: December 2023

Le Péguy polémiste des Cahiers de la quinzaine (1900-1914) n’était pas moins écrivain que le Péguy poète et auteur de mystères. Mais la forme de sa revue a pu constituer un obstacle à sa reconnaissance comme écrivain. L’article interroge le rapport ambigu que Péguy a entretenu avec le format-roi du livre, entre mystique et détestation. L’entreprise collective et expérimentale des Cahiers doit-elle être considérée comme un laboratoire de livres à venir ou un empêchement à la naissance de livres autonomes, voire un lieu d’extinction de la littérature ? Malgré le glissement progressif des « cahiers de documents » des premières séries vers un format plus homogène de cahiers-livres, Péguy a proposé d’autres formes de « mises en œuvre », par remembrement et présentation tabulaire, où l’auctorialité et la composition textuelle s’émancipent des principes du livre.
La « salutaire école de la traduction »
Authors: Labouret Denis
Published: December 2023

L’œuvre de Péguy contient une pratique et une pensée de la traduction, qui s’appliquent à de grandes œuvres de l’Antiquité grecque et à des textes latins de la Vulgate ou de la liturgie. Dans ces traductions où l’auteur fait le choix de la littéralité, se manifeste l’héritage de sa scolarité en grec et en latin. Or cette expérience, de la maladresse du mot-à-mot à l’hospitalité dans l’accueil d’autres cultures, a largement contribué à former l’écriture de Péguy.
« Sur la route ». Réflexions sur un chronotope péguyste
Authors: Gendrel Bernard
Published: December 2023

Même si le concept de chronotope a surtout été utilisé pour l’étude du roman, il convient tout particulièrement au traitement de la « route » dans l’œuvre de Péguy. Lieu éminemment concret, dans lequel le temps vient lui-même se concrétiser, la route est au centre de deux grandes œuvres poétiques, Suite d’Ève et Présentation de la Beauce à Notre-Dame de Chartres , qui en éclairent chacune un aspect. Prendre la route, ce n’est que marcher et c’est plus que marcher : c’est faire l’épreuve physique du temps, c’est s’inscrire dans une histoire qui nous dépasse et c’est œuvrer contre tous les immobilismes qui nous menacent.
Enjeux d’intégration économique et territoriale des tiers-lieux en Normandie
Authors: Nadou Fabien , Kemdji Matthieu
Published: December 2023

L’extension des politiques locales de développement en faveur du soutien aux Tiers-lieux (TL) interroge leurs capacités à s’inscrire dans les dynamiques socio-économiques des territoires. Beaucoup affirment leurs volontés de réunir des individus dans un lieu particulier propice à faire émerger des projets collaboratifs, quand d’autres affichent explicitement d’être pensés en phase avec les dynamiques économiques de leurs territoires. Aujourd'hui, même si investi sur l'ensemble des territoires, l'objet TL semble répondre à un certain modèle économique en manque de certitude et continue de se propager dans toute la France. Notre contribution donne des clés d'analyse et participe à la valorisation scientifique d’une mission de recherche-appliquée, commanditée par le groupe Action Logement (entre 2019 et 2021). Dans un premier temps, elle expose un état de l’art de cet « objet » sous le prisme de la littérature existante des TL et des sciences régionales. Puis, dans un second temps, nous appliquons une méthode ASR dans les zones d’emplois (ZE) de quinze territoires normands, ayant pour objectif la promotion des TL d’une part et la redynamisation économique d’autre part, identifié par le plan interministériel « Action Cœur de Ville » (ACV). Nous croisons nos résultats à l’échelle du dispositif de labélisation régional « Tiers-lieux en Normandie » (TLN) afin d’interroger ce problème d’articulation. Nous proposons trois études de cas ou dialogues entre les territoires et les TL normands. L’un des principaux résultats concerne le manque de visibilité ou de cas d’usages par l’ensemble des acteurs du territoire.
Analysis and analytical simulation for a biophysical fractional diffusive cancer model with virotherapy using the Caputo operator
Authors: Alabedalhadi Mohammed , Shqair Mohammed , Saleh Ibrahim
Published: December 2023

In this paper, a biophysical fractional diffusive cancer model with virotherapy is thoroughly analyzed and analytically simulated. The goal of this biophysical model is to represent both the dynamics of cancer development and the results of virotherapy, which uses viruses to target and destroy cancer cells. The Caputo sense is applied to the fractional derivatives. We look at the governing model's existence and uniqueness. For analytical solutions, the Laplace residual power series approach is used. The study investigates the model's dynamic behavior, shedding light on the development of cancer and the effects of virotherapy. The research advances our knowledge of cancer modeling and treatment options. Numerical simulations show the agreement between the analytical results and the related numerical solutions, proving the usefulness of the analytical solution.
Activation of cryptic biosynthetic gene clusters by fungal artificial chromosomes to produce novel secondary metabolites
Authors: Wu Chengcang C. , Stierle Andrea A. , Stierle Donald B. , Chen Hongyu , Swyers Michael , Decker Timothy , Borkowski Emili , Korajczyk Peter , Ye Rosa , Mondava Niel
Published: December 2023

In 2017, we reported the discovery of Berkeleylactone A (BPLA), a novel, potent antibiotic produced exclusively in co-culture by two extremophilic fungi, Penicillium fuscum and P. camembertii/clavigerum, which were isolated from the Berkeley Pit, an acid mine waste lake, in Butte, Montana. Neither fungus synthesized BPLA when grown in axenic culture. Recent studies suggest that secondary metabolites (SMs) are often synthesized by enzymes encoded by co-localized genes that form “biosynthetic gene clusters” (BGCs), which might remain silent (inactive) under various fermentation conditions. Fungi may also harbor cryptic BGCs that are not associated with previously characterized molecules.

We turned to the tools of Fungal Artificial Chromosomes (FAC)-Next-Gen-Sequencing (NGS) to understand how co-culture activated cryptic biosynthesis of BPLA and several related berkeleylactones and to further investigate the true biosynthetic potential of these two fungi. FAC-NGS enables the capture of BGCs as individual FACs for heterologous expression in a modified strain of Aspergillus nidulans (heterologous host, FAC-AnHH). With this methodology, we created ten BGC-FACs that yielded fourteen different SMs, including strobilurin, which was previously isolated exclusively from basidiomycetes. Eleven of these compounds were not detected in the extracts of the FAC-AnHH. Of this discrete set, only the novel compound citreohybriddional had been isolated from either Penicillium sp. before and only at very low yield. We propose that through heterologous expression, FACs activated these silent BGCs, resulting in the synthesis of new natural products (NPs) with yields as high as 50%–60% of the crude organic extracts.
Characterization of Coffee-Pulp Biochar as an Additive to Enhance Biogas Production from Coffee Mucilage
Authors: Nurjannah Siti , Setiawan Adi , Muhammad Muhammad , Fona Zahra
Published: December 2023

Biogas has been effectively produced from solid as well as liquid biomass waste through anaerobic digestion (AD). It has been proved that AD is the most efficient technology and less environmental effect in converting biomass to biogas. However, it is challenging that the rate of biogas production might slow down by many factors. It requires continues research in order to overcome the problem, such as by adding an additive. The use of several additives for AD has received great attention due to the positive influence in improving the production performance of biogas in terms of process stability and efficiency, and production capacity. Among all types of additives, carbon material in the form of bio-char has been considered as the most profitable due to low cost and easy to produce from various carbon source materials. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of coffee pulp bio-char which will be used as an additive in biogas production from coffee mucilage by the AD method. Coffee pulp biomass and coffee mucilage were obtained from Aceh Tengah, Indonesia. Preparation of bio-char was carried out by washing and soaking of the coffee pulp with tap water for 24 hours, then drying under the sun for three days. Carbonization of dried coffee pulp was then performed using a pilot plant-scale pyrolysis reactor at temperature of 400 °C for 60 minutes. Resulting biochar was then ground and sieved to 60 mesh size. Based on to proximate analysis result, it was found that the moisture, ash, volatile matter, and fixed carbon contents were respectively 1.98%, 11.93%, 42.36%, and 43.72%. N2-physisorption analysis of coffee-pulp bio-char suggested pore volume of 0.21 cm3/g. From BET calculation method it was found that the surface area was 224.1 m²/g. This high surface area is beneficial for providing sheltered spaces for microbes to attach and hindering them against metabolic inhibitors. The effect of adding biochar additives from coffee skin waste in the anaerobic digestion process of coffee mucilage waste provides significant results on the yield of biogas products. The yield of biogas products increased by 225% with the addition of 15 gr/L of biochar coffee pulp.
A New Artificial Staggered-Grid Central Difference Solution for Checkerboard Problem in Incompressible, Steady, Inviscid, and Quasi-One-Dimensional Flow through Convergent Nozzle
Authors: Chivapornthip Prapol
Published: December 2023

In this paper, a novel artificial staggered grid points and under-relaxation free solution for a checkerboard pattern problem in a quasi-one-dimensional, incompressible, steady, and inviscid flow is introduced. The purpose of this numerical development is to obtain a new numerical solution, which is under-relaxation factor free scheme, more accurate, and easier to implement than a conventional staggered grid scheme. The proposed numerical solution can be described as the non-staggered grid/collocated grid central difference scheme which is free of pressure checkerboard pattern or spurious oscillation. The accuracy and convergence speed of the proposed numerical scheme is benchmarked against a conventional SIMPLE-based finite volume scheme and the exact solution for the flow problem in a convergent nozzle. The numerical analysis shows that the proposed numerical scheme outperforms the SIMPLE-based finite volume scheme in terms of accuracy, computational resource, and convergence speed. Also, the proposed numerical scheme has consistent numbers of iteration over the different grid sizes in contrast to the SIMPLE-based scheme which is iteration-grid size dependent. The proposed numerical scheme can be implemented with both uniform and non-uniform grid points and shows good agreement with the exact solution for every grid size. However, the uniform grid approach produces significantly more accurate results than the non-uniform grid approach. Hence, the choice of grid distribution is still an important factor affecting the accuracy of the proposed numerical solution. The proposed numerical technique can be further extended to solve incompressible flow problem in the complex 2D-3D domain with unstructural grids.
Synthesis of Sulfonated Carbon Aerogel from Coir Fiber as Solid Acid Catalyst for Esterification
Authors: Suryandari Ade Sonya , Nurtono Tantular , Widiyastuti Widiyastuti , Setyawan Heru
Published: December 2023

The increasing human population drives up energy consumption, particularly in the transportation and industrial sectors. Due to the limited and non-renewable availability of fossil fuels encourages various technological developments in the field of renewable energy, including biodiesel. Biodiesel is a biodegradable, non-toxic, and environmentally favorable renewable fuel. One of typical technique of biodiesel production is involving esterification reaction between fatty acids and alcohols by addition acid catalyst to enhance reaction rate. Solid acid catalysts are widely utilized for esterification reaction due to their ability to overcome the drawback of homogeneous catalysts that are difficult to separate. Solid acid catalysts can be produced from cellulose aerogel derived from coir fiber, which is then pyrolyzed into carbon aerogel and sulfonated through grafting process. Although sulfuric acid is a common sulfonic agent used in the catalyst sulfonation process, it has a lengthy grafting time. The addition of 4-aminobenzenesulfonic acid (sulfanilic acid) as a sulfonic agent alternative for sulfuric acid was investigated in this work. This paper reports the methods for preparing cellulose aerogel derived from coir fiber, pyrolysis of cellulose aerogel into carbon aerogel, sulfonation of carbon aerogel into solid acid catalyst, and application of solid acid catalyst for ethyl acetate production. The solid acid catalyst characterization tests include acid density, adsorption-desorption nitrogen analysis, SEM, and FTIR analysis. According to the adsorption-desorption nitrogen analysis results, the sulfonated carbon aerogel catalyst has a specific surface area of 220.29 g/m2. Sulfonated carbon aerogel catalyst with acid density value of 2.81 mmol/g can be obtained at the mass ratio of sulfanilic acid to carbon substrates of 1:1 and pyrolysis temperature of 700°C. The esterification reaction was carried out at 80°C and reached a conversion of 31.37% after 4 h.
Nanofluid Heat Transfer Coefficient Enhancement Using Connectors
Authors: Herrera Gabriel , Hamel Zach , Wohld Jake , Palmer Michael , Vafaei Saeid , Gaytan Cristian
Published: December 2023

The requirement for effective cooling of modern electrical and mechanical components has increased due to the desire for more compact and efficient designs. Thermal systems have used working fluids as a method for cooling systems for many years. However, technological improvements have dictated that working fluids must be more efficient for their applications. Researchers presented nanofluids as a possible solution for this issue, and they have gained a lot of attention due to their capability to enhance the heat transfer coefficient in miniaturized cooling or heating systems. The main purpose of this paper is to enhance the heat transfer coefficient in micro scales by encouraging the random motion of the particles in the nanofluid. This is accomplished by placing a nozzle between two micro-channels. The random motion of the particles is enhanced within the nozzle, increasing the heat transfer coefficient in the microchannel downstream as a result. In addition, the effects of characteristics of nanofluid are discussed briefly.
Biosynthesis and Characterizations of Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs) Prepare Using Different Age Classes of Marphysa moribidii (Polychaetes) Extract as Biogenic Reducing Agents
Authors: Mocktar Nurfarah Aini , Mustafa Muhammad Naquiddin , Harun Noor Aniza , Ismail Wan Iryani Wan , Maulidiani M. , Idris Izwandy
Published: December 2023

The utilization of Marphysa moribidii, a local marine baitworm (Polychaeta), as a possible biogenic reducing agent in the synthesis of AuNPs was successfully performed. In this particular study, different age classes of M. moribidii based on their body widths that classified as Class I (3 – 5 mm), Class II (6 – 8 mm), and Class III (9 – 11 mm) were employed in the biosynthesis of AuNPs. The use of different age classes of M. moribidii for the biosynthesis of AuNPs is a fascinating approach that takes advantage of the varying metabolic activities of the different age groups. The colour changes of the solution from yellow to red ruby is the initial observation for the successful biosynthesis of AuNPs where AuNPs_II shows the fastest changes of colour after 2 h incubation and maintains stable for over 1 month of storage. Further confirmation was depicted from the existence of surface Plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption peaks in a range of 545 – 552 nm from UV-Vis spectroscopy. TEM analysis shows the formation of spherical-like shape of biosynthesis AuNPs with average particle size around 42 – 57 nm where AuNPs_II had the smaller particle size. Lastly, the antibacterial assessment of biosynthesized produced from different age classes of M. moribidii had good antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria, but poor activity against Gram-positive bacteria. AuNPs produced from Class II M. moribidii (AuNPs_II) provide the highest ZOI value of 13 mm. The utilization of different age classes of M. moribidii for the biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles is an interesting pathway for designing a novel method that can be considered nature-friendly, safe, and hopeful for the future.
Synthesis of Metal-Free Carbon Aerogel with Nitrogen-Doped from Pyrolysis of Cellulose Aerogels Based on Coir Fibers Using Ammonia-Urea System as Electrocatalyst of Oxygen Reduction Reaction for Cathode in Seawater Batteries
Authors: Susanto Susanto , Rochman Taris Farizan , Kamandanu Muhammad Rivaldy , Nurtono Tantular , Widiyastuti Widiyastuti , Setyawan Heru
Published: December 2023

Performance of seawater batteries is still limited by the sluggish nature of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). One way to optimize the performance of the battery is by utilizing an electrocatalyst with the ability to increase the ORR rate of reaction. Nitrogen-doped carbon aerogel based on coir fiber is one of the alternatives because of its excellent electrocatalytic performance and was made from an abundant material. Carbon aerogel was obtained from pyrolyzing coir fiber-based aerogel cellulose. Nitrogen atom structure in carbon aerogel was affected by the temperature of cellulose aerogel pyrolysis. Pyridinic N content in the Nitrogen-doped carbon aerogel has effective for the activity of the ORR. The electrocatalytic performance of the carbon aerogel synthesized from coir fiber with nitrogen doping at the pyrolysis temperature of 600 °C was investigated in this study. The research process began with the synthesis of cellulose aerogel using urea-ammonia crosslinking precursor. Next, cellulose aerogel was pyrolyzed at 600 °C to create carbon aerogel. FTIR, XRD, CV, LSV, and LP were used to characterize the samples. The carbon aerogel was N-doped with pyridinic N, according to an analysis of the FTIR spectra. The carbon aerogel shows 4-electron ORR with kinetic current density (ik) of 0.74 mA/cm2 and current density (io) of 0.583 μA/cm2, according to electrochemical performance analysis in 3.5% NaCl as electrolyte.
Biodiesel Production Using Catalyst Na2O/Fly Ash from Waste Cooking Oil (WCO) with Transesterification Process
Authors: Raharjo Bayu Ajie Ibnu , Putra Dika Julian , Tarmidzi Fadhil Muhammad , Alviany Riza
Published: December 2023

The consumption of fuel oil in all countries in the world is always increasing. Indonesia is one of the countries that are still dependent on fuel oil, especially for transportation and industry. Biodiesel is known as an alternative to diesel fuel that is believed to be able to overcome the problems of world energy needs. One of the raw materials that have the potential to be biodiesel is Waste Cooking Oil (WCO). This research aims to study the Na2O/Fly ash catalyst preparation process used for the transesterification reaction of WCO into biodiesel, study of purifying WCO as a raw material in biodiesel, analyze the effect of the methanol molar ratio to oil, catalyst loading and reaction time on the transesterification process in terms of the yield of the reaction, density, viscosity and an acid number of biodiesel product. The research method was begun preparation of Na2O/Fly ash catalyst and purification of WCO with despicing and neutralization methods. Afterwards, the transesterification process was running by varying %wt of the catalyst, the molar ratio of methanol to oil, and reaction time. The percentage weight of the catalyst used is 4% and 6% to the WCO weight, the molar ratio of methanol to oil is 6:1 and 8:1, and the transesterification reaction time used is 60, 80, 100 and 120 minutes. The results showed that the Free Fatty Acids (FFA) of WCO raw material was 3.102%, but after the despicing and neutralization processes were carried out, the FFA of WCO decreased to 2.538% and 0.282%, respectively. The optimal condition for the biodiesel production process was obtained when the catalyst weight is 6% with a molar ratio of methanol to oil by 8:1 which runs in 120 minutes. In these conditions, the obtained yield of reaction results are 99,09%, density 882 kg/m3, viscosity 11.15 cSt and an acid number of 0.2244 mg KOH/g. The results of XRD analysis on the catalyst Na2O/Fly ash is dominant by alumina (Al2O3), silica (SiO2), ferrous oxide (Fe2O3), calcium oxide (CaO), and natrium oxide (Na2O) compositions. Moreover, GCMS analysis on biodiesel showed that the methyl ester content formed was 98.13%. Based on parameters above, density and acid number has met the quality standards of SNI 7182: 2015.
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards antibiotic use in the general community of Sri Lanka
Authors: Madhuwantha K. C. , Madhushani K. L. J. , Madubashini P. R. , Madushani W. A. P. , Mahindarathna K. G. J. C. , Malalgoda M. G. S. A. , Jayasundara J. M. D. D.
Published: December 2023

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Serotypes distribution and virulence factors of Streptococcus agalactiae isolates from pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Western Province of Sri Lanka
Authors: Dilrukshi G. N. , Kottahachchi J. , Dissanayake D. M. B. T. , Surige C. S. , Suranimala W. M. D. H. , Perera W. P. S. , Kapuwalla K. G. , Fernando S. S. N.
Published: December 2023

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Bovine rabies: A case series from Nallur Veterinary Division of the Jaffna District
Authors: Briyangari A. , Murugananthan K. , Noordeen F.
Published: December 2023

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Effect of light intensities on the stress responses and toxin production of selected Microcystin producing Cyanobacteria
Authors: Gunathilaka H. M. S. A. T. , Wijesinghe W. R. P. , Magana-Arachchi D. N.
Published: December 2023

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Understanding cosmeceuticals
Authors: Ariyasinghe N.
Published: December 2023

Cosmeceuticals are over-the-counter topical skincare products that contain biologically active ingredients. A wide range of products are available in the market and therefore, dermatologists, should possess a profound understanding of these to advise patients on appropriate formulations. Furthermore, incorporating dermocosmetics into treatment regimen can improve acceptability of the treatment plan and adherence. However, all products available in the market may not benefit patients and understanding how to decide on a particular product is of paramount importance.
Clinical and microbiological pattern of intertrigo
Authors: Wickramanayake A.B. , Sigera L.S.M. , Jayasekera P.I. , Patabendige G. , Akarawita J.K.W.
Published: December 2023

Background: Intertrigo is a common disorder affecting many flexural areas of the body with significant morbidity.

Objectives: To determine the clinical pattern of intertrigo. To determine bacterial and fungal pathogens associated with intertrigo. To assess the antibacterial and antifungal sensitivity pattern of the responsible organisms.

Methods: A total number of 230 patients with intertrigo attending dermatology unit were included in the study after ethical clearance. Laboratory investigations were done to identify the etiologic agent and their sensitivity pattern.

Results: Majority of patients (75%) belonged to 20-60 years of age. Male to female ratio was 1.15:1. Remarkable proportion (52%) presented with the involvement of more than one intertriginous area. The most common site involved was toe web space (63%) in particular 4th toe web space. Of all positive bacterial cultures 45% revealed Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA+MRSA) followed by CNSA (Coagulase negative Staphylococcal aureus), diptheroids and pseudomonas. The majority of MSSA (Methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus) isolates (91%) were sensitive to cloxacillin and MRSA (Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus) to teicoplanin (85%). CNSA isolates showed considerable proportion of sensitivity to vancomycin (37%) and majority of diptheroids isolates were sensitive to penicillin(87%). All isolates (100%) of pseudomonas were sensitive to gentamicin. Of all positive fungal cultures, candida species constituted the majority (35%) followed by fusarium species (33%) and dermatophytes (30%). Overall fusarium species shows high value of MIC50 and MIC90 for itraconazole, fluconazole and ketoconazole. Fluconazole showed very high MIC50 and MIC90 (256 ug/ml) for dermatophytes and fusarium species whereas itraconazole and ketoconazole showed lower MIC for these fungi.

Conclusion: Intertrigo can affect various intertriginous areas, among which toe web space is the most common region involved. Intertrigo can be caused by a variety of organisms: Staphylococcus aureus and candida species constituted the majority of cases. Majority of MSSA sensitive to cloxacillin and MRSA to teicoplanin. MIC of itraconazole, fluconazole and ketoconazole are high in fusarium species comparing to candida and dermatophytes. However, itraconazole and ketoconazole had lower MIC than dermatophytes and fusarium comparing to fluconazole.
Editorial
Authors: Samararatne Dinesha , Perera Kaushalya
Published: December 2023

No abstract available
Improving the management of patients with chronic cardiac and respiratory diseases by extending pulse-oximeter uses: the dynamic pulse-oximetry
Authors: Nardini Stefano , Corbanese Ulisse , Visconti Alberto , Dalle Mule Jacopo , Sanguinetti Claudio M. , De Benedetto Fernando
Published: December 2023

Respiratory and cardio-vascular chronic diseases are among the most common noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) worldwide, accounting for a significant portion of health-care costs in terms of mortality and disability. Their prevalence is expected to rise further in the coming years as the population ages. The current model of care for diagnosing and monitoring NCDs is out of date because it results in late medical interventions and/or an unfavourable cost-effectiveness balance based on reported symptoms and subsequent inpatient tests and treatments. Health projects and programs are being implemented in an attempt to move the time of an NCD's diagnosis, as well as its monitoring and follow-up, out of hospital settings and as close to real life as possible, with the goal of benefiting both patients' quality of life and health system budgets. Following the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, this implementation received additional impetus. Pulse-oximeters (POs) are currently used in a variety of clinical settings, but they can also aid in the telemonitoring of certain patients. POs that can measure activities as well as pulse rate and oxygen saturation as proxies of cardio-vascular and respiratory function are now being introduced to the market. To obtain these data, the devices must be absolutely reliable, that is, accurate and precise, and capable of recording for a long enough period of time to allow for diagnosis. This paper is a review of current pulse-oximetry (POy) use, with the goal of investigating how its current use can be expanded to manage not only cardio-respiratory NCDs, but also acute emergencies with telemonitoring when hospitalization is not required but the patients' situation is uncertain. Newly designed devices, both "consumer" and "professional," will be scrutinized, particularly those capable of continuously recording vital parameters on a 24-hour basis and coupling them with daily activities, a practice known as dynamic pulse-oximetry.
Comparative Analysis of Peak Air Pressure and Oxygen Flow between Conventional and Modified Endotracheal Tube for Retromolar Intubation (PUNTUBE)- An In Vitro Study
Authors: Punde Prashant A.
Published: December 2023

Introduction:

In conventional practice for retromolar intubation, endotracheal tube (ET) is bent. This leads to compression of the inner diameter of the tube which in turn reduces airflow. Furthermore, conventionally ETs are stabilised in position using inflated tracheal cuff. Elastic sticky tapes around the exit pose hindrance for surgical procedures on the face. Surgical manipulation and maxillomandibular fixation may lead to compression, damage or accidental extubation of ET. We have developed a modified ET dedicated to retromolar intubation with innovative means for tube stabilisation to solve these problems.

Materials and Methods:

To study the efficacy of the tube, a comparative in vitro study was done on mannequins. Null hypothesis of no change in air pressure and oxygen concentration in bent conventional ET versus modified ET was formulated. Comparison was done on the basis of the peak air pressure (PEP) and oxygen concentration, which was checked using air–gas monitor.

Results:

The mean PEP was found to be 24.29 psi with standard deviation (SD) of 9.54 in sequentially bent conventional tube. This was found to be only 10.35 psi with SD of 3.22 in modified ET. Oxygen delivery was found to be 3.96 L/min in bent conventional tube, which was 5.22 L/min in modified tube. Both the findings were statistically significant.

Discussion:

Modified retromolar tube (PUNTUBE) has been found to be efficient in maintaining low PEP while delivering more oxygen as compared to bent conventional tube. Novel mode of tube stabilisation in the form of PUNSTAB is an easy and effective way of tube stabilisation.
Acute effects of single-bout isometric handgrip exercise on selected cardiovascular parameters in young normotensive adults at a tertiary care center of West Bengal
Authors: Dutta Anisha , Bhowmik Anish
Published: December 2023

Context:

Hypertension is currently prevalent along with other lifestyle disorders, which further adds up to cardiovascular morbidity. Young adults especially those of 18–25 years are also affected because of their sedentary lifestyle. Thus, a need for a compliable exercise that can be introduced in daily life is widely sought for.

Aims:

To record changes in systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and heart rate (HR), before and after a single bout isometric handgrip (IHG) exercise.

Settings and Design:

This interventional study has been conducted at I.P.G.M.E.&R., Kolkata.

Materials and Methods:

Eighty-four young healthy individuals were selected based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. After a fixed protocol for exercise, their pre and post (after 3 min and 3 h) IHG exercise values of blood pressure (BP) and HR were recorded and analyzed.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Paired sample t test was done to compare the mean values of each of the parameters.

Results:

Three-hour post-IHG values of SBP and MAP are reduced significantly (P = 0.000), whereas those of DBP and MAP are reduced but not significantly. The decrease in HR post 3 h of IHG is not statistically meaningful.

Conclusions:

Single-bout IHG exercise elicits a significant reduction in BP when recorded after 3 h. Thus, if studied further, it promises to be a useful tool in the regular regimen of antihypertensive management with positive clinical outcomes.
A giant Mullerian cyst in an adult male patient
Authors: Singh Dineshwar Pratap , Ranjan Kumar Rajiv , Maiti Krishnendu
Published: December 2023

Mullerian duct cyst is a rare entity. We present such a rare case of Mullerian duct cyst in an adult male patient with its successful outcome.
Burst suppression pattern on EEG in West syndrome in an infant with heterozygous variant in the CACNA1A gene
Authors: Gladson Nikhil , Sasikumar Sheetal , Koshy Jiya Thankam
Published: December 2023

West syndrome is a severe epilepsy syndrome characterized by the classical triad of infantile spasms, hypsarrhythmia on electroencephalography (EEG) and psychomotor retardation. The classical hypsarrhythmia pattern on EEG consists of a high amplitude, arrhythmic, disorganized background with multifocal spikes and slow and sharp waves. The burst suppression (BS) pattern on EEG is a less commonly described pattern in West syndrome. Among the genetic causes of West syndrome, mutations in the CACNA1A gene are rarely reported. We hereby report a BS pattern on EEG in an infant with West syndrome with heterozygous variant in the CACNA1A gene.
Impact of intracytoplasmic morphologically selected sperm injection versus intracytoplasmic sperm injection on in vitro fertilization outcome in cases of poor sperm morphology or sperm deoxyribonucleic acid damage
Authors: Devi Madampath Gouri , Sharma Meeta , Goswami Geeta , Walia Divyaasha
Published: December 2023

This study airms to asses intracytoplasmic morphologically selected sperm injection (IMSI) compared to intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in cases of male factor infertility. This article compares IMSI and ICSI in patients with poor sperm morphology or a raised deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fragmentation index. After meeting the inclusion criteria, 134 couples were included in the study and randomized into two groups: in vitro fertilization (IVF)-ICSI and IVF-IMSI. The results showed a higher fertilization rate (77.2 vs 54.04%) and a higher quality embryo rate (61.2 vs 40.9%) in IMSI cycles compared to ICSI cycles, and these differences were statistically significant (P value 0.009). IMSI has shown better fertilization rates compared to ICSI in patients with poor morphology. The difference in biochemical pregnancy rates (56.72 vs 34.3%) between the two groups was statistically significant (P value 0.009). This study concluded that IMSI had a higher likelihood of resulting in pregnancy in couples with male factor infertility..
Comprehensive chromosomal screening for preimplantation genetic testing: A mini-review
Authors: Sharma Priyal , Jain Manish , Halder Ashutosh
Published: December 2023

Preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) consists of a group of genetic tests to evaluate preimplantation embryos before transfer to the uterus during in vitro fertilization (IVF). It effectively reduces the incidence of genetic defects at birth by preventing the transmission of inherited diseases to embryos. The use of PGT in IVF clinics has greatly improved clinical pregnancy outcomes for carriers of genetic abnormalities through the selection of embryos that are free from any genetic mutation/chromosomal anomalies. However, the accuracy of PGT in detecting aneuploidies and genetic mutations remains a point of contention due to the varied effectiveness of the techniques used. In recent years, a number of high-throughput assays have been developed to overcome the challenges associated with comprehensive chromosomal analysis. In this review, we will summaries the recent progress in using comprehensive chromosomal screening techniques, including array comparative genomic hybridization, single nucleotide polymorphism array, and next-generation sequencing, to evaluate chromosomal genetic defects.
Angina Bullosa Hemorrhagica: A Case Report and an Update
Authors: Meru S. , Oberai Sonal , Gomes Aaron Francis
Published: December 2023

Angina bullosa hemorrhagica (ABH) is a relatively common lesion seen on oropharyngeal mucosa. Often asymptomatic and sometimes may cause discomfort when the bulla ruptures. It has been seen that they tend to rupture and heal on their own. However, if the bulla is present in the oropharynx or laryngeal mucosa may result in complications such as asphyxia. The diagnosis of this entity is clinical and laboratory investigations are helpful in deducting the possible differential diagnoses. A report of an asymptomatic ABH is presented, here, along with the recent updates on the current understanding of this entity.
Relationship of Grit and Resilience to Academic Success among Dental Interns in Western Tamil Nadu – A cross-sectional study
Authors: Simon Arun K. , John R. Melvyn , Shirly Annie
Published: December 2023

Introduction:

Achieving a high level of academic achievement during dental training is of paramount importance. The practice of dentistry has been widely acknowledged as being associated with high levels of stress. In addition to the intellectual skills usually important to identify and develop in medical professionals, there are noncognitive traits such as grit and resilience that are equally important.

Aim:

The aim of this study was to understand and assess the relationship of grit and resilience to academic success among dental interns in the region of Western Tamil Nadu.

Materials and Methods:

The study employed a cross-sectional design based on an interview schedule through online delivery methods using the Short Grit and Brief Resilience Scales, in all the dental colleges in Western Tamil Nadu. Scores for both scales ranged from 1 to 5. Pretested questionnaire with 24 questions was used. Ethical clearance and consent were obtained before the study. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 17, and thePvalue was kept <0.05 for significance. A Chi-square test was applied for categorical variables.

Results:

Out of the 214 respondents, 78% were female. About 60.7% of the respondents reported low grit and 62.1% reported moderate resilience. Self-reported above-average academic success was 74.8%. Self-reported academic success was significantly associated with grit (P< 0.05) and resilience (P< 0.05).

Conclusions:

This study provides evidence that grit and resilience are important factors that are indicative of dental students’ academic success. Improving grit and resilience may be an important approach to enhance dental training and academic success.
Gingival Recession: Prevalence, Extent, and Severity in Women Belonging to Self-help Groups from a Panchayat in Kerala
Authors: John Saumya , John Prabha Kadakampallil
Published: December 2023

Background:

Self-help groups (SHGs) were devised by the Indian Government, essentially to uplift women with poor socioeconomic status. Gingival recession (GR) has worldwide prevalence ranging from 22% to 100%. It leads to multiple dental problems affecting the quality of life. Poor socioeconomic conditions are closely related to the severity of GR.

Aims:

This study aims to assess the prevalence, extent, and severity of GR in women belonging to SHGs from a panchayat in Kerala. Also to determine etiological factors for GR in the given population.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 354 women from SHGs of a panchayat in Kerala were included in the study. All participants answered a questionnaire containing demographic details, behavioral factors, and comorbidities. Clinical examination was carried out to assess GR, plaque index, gingival index, presence of attached gingiva, frenal attachment, biotype, trauma from occlusion, and malocclusion. All categorical variables were expressed as frequencies and percentage whereas continuous variables were expressed as mean and standard deviation. The association between GR and its etiological factors was analyzed by Chi-square test followed by multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Results:

The prevalence of GR in this population was 88.4%. The extent of GR was at least one site and Class III-B was found in 4.2% of the population. Significant association between age, gingival inflammation, and GR were observed.

Conclusions:

GR was found to be highly prevalent (GR II-B most prominent) in this population. Age and presence of severe gingival inflammation were found to be the possible risk factors.