bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
УПЛИВ АНГЛІЗМІВ НА РОЗВИТОК ЛЕКСИЧНОЇ СИСТЕМИ СУЧАСНОЇ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ МОВИ
Authors: Павлова І. Г.
Published: December 2023

У статті розглянуто місце англійськомовних запозичень у розвитку лексичної системи сучасної української мови. З’ясовано, що функціювання надходжень з англійської мови має потужний уплив на лексико-семантичну систему української мови, що проявляється в розширенні її словникового обширу, процесах неологізації, семантико-стилістичних трансформаціях, зниженні продуктивності деяких питомих лексем, які вибудували парадигматичні зв’язки з новозапозиченими одиницями. Схарактеризовано нерівномірну продуктивність функціювання англійськомовних запозичень у різних дискурсах, тематичних групах і терміносистемах. Обґрунтовано використання поміркованого, урегульованого й виваженого підходу до вживання англійськомовних запозичень.
Influence of organism stimulation with bacterial lipopolysaccharide on nitric oxide production and metabolism in rat heart on the background of metabolic syndrome
Authors: Akimov O. Ye. , Mykytenko A. O. , Kostenko V. O.
Published: December 2023

Aim. The aim of the study was to establish the changes in nitric oxide production and metabolism in rat heart during combined influence of organism stimulation with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and modeling of metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Materials and methods. The study was conducted on 24 mature male Wistar rats weighing 200–260 g. Experiment lasted 60 days. The animals were divided into 4 groups of 6 animals each: control group, MetS group, LPS stimulation group, LPS + MetS group. MetS was reproduced by using a 20 % fructose solution as the only source of drinking water. LPS of Salmonella typhi was administered at a dose of 0.4 μg/kg intraperitoneally. Animals from LPS + MetS group received a 20 % fructose solution as the only source of drinking water and were administered LPS. In 10 % tissue homogenate of rat heart we studied: total activity of NO-synthases (NOS), activity of constitutive (cNOS) and inducible (iNOS) isoforms, activity of nitrate (NaR) and nitrite (NiR) reductases, concentration of peroxynitrites (ONOO-), nitrites, nitrosothiols and hydrogen sulfide.

Results. Combination of MetS and stimulation of organism with LPS led to increase in total NOS activity by 32.72 % compared to control group. Activity of cNOS did not change compared to control group. Activity of iNOS increased by 33.76 %. Arginase activity decreased by 23.53 %. NaR activity and NiR activity were increased by 86.67 % and by 149.29 %, respectively. Combination of MetS and stimulation of organism with LPS led to decrease in nitrite and nitrosothiols concentration by 38.73 % and by 54.79 %, respectively. Under these conditions concentration of ONOOelevated by 398.0 % compared to control group. Concentration of H S decreased by 27.56 %.

Conclusions. Combination of metabolic syndrome and stimulation of organism with bacterial lipopolysaccharide leads to prevalence of peroxynitrite formation during increased nitric oxide production NO-synthase-dependent and nitrate-nitrite-NO pathways in rat heart.
Effect of Enzymatic Treatment in Leather Manufacture at Different Processing Stage
Authors: Jayakumar GC , Karthik V , Jeyas Kandhan S , Kanagaraj J
Published: December 2023

The use of cleaner leather processing technologies is of great interest today due to the global trends favoring environmentally friendly manufacturing. Modernization and implementation of new technologies, like enzyme-driven catalysis instead of conventional inorganic catalysis, can improve the quality and reduce the cost of leather manufacturing while making the leather more environmentally sustainable. The use of enzymes in pre-tanning operations is a well-known technology. However, a holistic view of the effect of enzymes at various stages of leather processing is limited. We attempt to bridge this gap by studying the influence of enzymes on the characteristics of crust leather at multiple locations of leather processing. Trypsin was used to assess the enzymatic action on delimed pelts, while pepsin was used to evaluate the impact of enzyme treatment on a pickled pelt that was later chrome tanned.

Similarly, papain was used to study enzymatic activity on neutralized, chrome-tanned leather. The selection of enzymes for three different materials was guided by the optimal activity behavior of the enzymes. It is observed that the physical strength characteristics of the enzyme-treated leathers show minor differences. Hence, this study aims to explore the unconventional application of enzymes at various stages of leather processing.
A Research on the use of Aluminum Sulphate in Parchment Production and its Eff ects on Ageing and Color
Authors: Kayahan Kolan Nilgün , Eke Bayramoğlu* Eser
Published: December 2023

In this study, diff erent proportions (2.5%, 5% and 10%) of Aluminum sulfate were used as tanning agents during parchment production. The research was carried out on goat skin and also there were no usage of any tanning agents as control groups. Finished leathers have been exposed to ageing conditions. Before and aft er ageing color measurements on all fi nished leathers have been conducted with Konica Minolta CM-3600d brand spectrophotometer. The impacts of the aluminum sulfate utilized in the research on light fastness were also inspected by using an ATLAS-XENOTEST ALPHA+ test instrument. Visible whitening on the color of parchment was observed when tanning process with aluminum sulphate was performed.
Synthesis of a Waterborne Melamine Resin and its Retanning Behaviors Investigation
Authors: Guo-qiang Ning , Ji-bo Zhou , Xue-pin Liao , Bia Shi
Published: December 2023

Recently, the application of waterborne melamine resin (WMR) is greatly increasing in the leather industry because of its convenient operation, but it often suffers from poor storage stability. Here, two waterborne melamine resin retanning agents (WMRs) with high storage stability were prepared using melamine, glutaraldehyde and collagen hydrolysates (CHs) as raw materials at different mole ratios. FTIR, 13C-NMR and XPS were used to characterize the chemical structure of synthesized resins, and their retanning behaviors for wet blue and wet white leather were fully investigated. The particle sizes of WMR1 and WMR2 were 28.73 nm and 8.78 nm, and their zeta potentials were 4.0 and 4.5, respectively. The introduction of CHs provided not only good water solubility but also amphoteric properties to synthesized resins, thereby resulting in high absorption of retanning and fatliquoring agents. Moreover, the retanning application investigation of WMRs manifested good storage stability and excellent overall performance, which are comparable with commercial retanning agents. This work showed that glutaraldehyde and CH could be used as starting materials in the synthesis of environmentally friendly WMR.
Independent Accountant's Report on the Application of Agreed-upon Procedures
Authors: Northam Scott
Published: December 2023

Acountant's Report
Removal of Proteoglycans in Animal Hides by Glycosidase to Promote Opening-Up of Collagen Fiber Bundles
Authors: Zhong Xiang , Luo Fengxiang , Song Jinzhi , Zhang Xu , Peng Biyu
Published: December 2023

The degree of proteoglycan removal from animal hides is closely related to the opening-up of collagen fibers and the properties of leather, but conventional leather-making processes are not very effective at removing proteoglycans. By rationally selecting and utilizing glycosidases during the leather-making process, proteoglycans can be efficiently removed without causing collagen damage due to glycosidases specifically hydrolyzing glycosidic bonds. In spite of this, glycosidases are highly specific and come in a wide variety of types. To solve the blindness of optimizing glycosidases and its application in the soaking process, in this study, seven typical commercial glycosidases capable of hydrolyzing β-glycosidic bonds were selected according to the types of major glycosidic bonds in animal hide proteoglycans. The basic properties of the selected glycosidases and its effectiveness in removing proteoglycans from the hide during the soaking process were investigated. Then, the effects of the dosage of the two optimal glycosidases on the dissolution of polysaccharide, total soluble protein and hydroxyproline, as well as the properties of leather during the soaking process were further studied. The results showed that although the optimal pH of the selected glycosidases was between pH 5 - 7, they maintained more than 50% of their activity under weak alkaline conditions and could be applied to the soaking process. The removal of proteoglycan by different glycosidases is closely related to their specificity for glycosidic bonds, and the penetrability of the enzyme proteins, namely the molecular weight and isoelectric point of the enzymes. Among them, β-Mannase-AKT and Xylanase-AKT are more effective in removing proteoglycans. When the dosage of β-Mannase-AKT and Xylanase-AKT reached 47 U/mL, almost all the glycosaminoglycan was removed from the hide, the opening-up of collagen fibers and the softness and physical properties of the crust leather were significantly improved without damage to the structural proteins.
A Fast and Robust Analytical Method Based on QuEChERS Technique using UPLC- PDA for Quantification of Carcinogenic Arylamines in Consumer Goods inclusive of Leather
Authors: Suresh S. , Priya N. , Kunjitham R. , Sreeram K.J.
Published: December 2023

Arylamines present in leather and textile products are reduced in vivo by cleavage of azo groups to form highly mutagenic and carcinogenic products that pose consumer’s health risk. The major textile and leather products that are offered to consumers need to be safe. In order to ensure safety as per the global regulations, the allowed limit of carcinogenic amines in textile and leather products cannot be more than 20 mg/kg. There are several methods that have been used for extracting the azo dyes and analyzing them in textile and leather products. Most of these methods are polluting from high solvent usage, time consuming, laborious, and have lower recovery rates. In the present study QuEChERS method, (dispersive solid phase extraction-dSPE) method was utilized for extraction of carcinogenic arylamines from dyed leather and textile products. The released arylamines are extracted into acetonitrile using QuEChERS salt and analyzed by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Photo Diode Array (UPLC-PDA). The extracted product was further confirmed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS). The method proposed in this study is novel as it eliminates all significant concerns associated with the official ISO-17234-1 &14362-1 test methods, such as use of solvents like tert-butyl methyl ether (MTBE) and the long duration of analysis. The sample preparation time is minimized from 120 min to 20 min. The developed method is easy to adopt with efficient recovery rate of arylamines in comparison to the official ISO method.
The Kinetic Study on Potassium Persulfate Accelerated Fish Oil Oxidation-An Agreeing Conclusion on Chamois Tanning
Authors: Sahu Bindia , Sharma Diya Deepak , Sekar Yogesh , Bhalla Akash , Alla Jaya Prakash
Published: December 2023

The oxidation of fish oil is a type of chain reaction. The use of oxidizing agents enhances the rate of oxidation of the same. This study predominantly focuses on the role of potassium persulfate as an accelerating agent in fish oil oxidation, its kinetics, and application in rapid fish oil tanning. The use of potassium persulfate (1%) completes the fish oil oxidation within 4 days, confirmed by its kinetic studies. Chamois leathers made using potassium persulfate (1%) exhibited excellent water absorption capacity (454%). The physical parameters such as tensile strength, shrinkage temperature, surface morphology, and organoleptic properties of the experimental leather exhibit better results than control leathers.
Study on Interaction Mechanism between Neutral Salts and Collagen by Combining Experiments with Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Authors: Gu Min , Zhang Xiaoxia , Zhang Yuanzhi , Xu Songcheng , Li Guoying
Published: December 2023

The effect of salt on the collagen of hide/skin is of great significance in leather-making. However, the interaction between neutral salts and collagen has not been clear, since the microscopic interaction is hard to be observed directly from the macro level of hide/skin collagen. In this study, the collagen solutions in the typical neutral salts (NaCl, CaCl2, and Na2SO4) systems were used to explore the interaction mechanism between neutral salts and collagen via combining experiments with molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The results of fluorescence measurements of pyrene, dynamic light scattering, atomic force microscopy, and isoelectric point suggested that the variation of the interaction between different neutral salts and collagen was accompanied with the changes in physicochemical properties of collagen. MD simulation further revealed more detailed information on the interaction mechanism between neutral salts and collagen at the molecular level. The computational results of non-bond energy of the collagen-salt model boxes indicated that the electrostatic interactions of different salts with collagen molecules had the order of CaCl2> Na2SO4> NaCl. The analyses of the visualized conformation and the radial distribution functions showed that CaCl2 with Ca2+ as contributing ion tended to form intramolecular salt bridges with collagen, while Na2SO4 with SO42-as contributing ion more likely formed salt bridges between collagen molecules in the shape of agglomerates. In contrast, NaCl with Cl-as contributing ion was scattered around the collagen models, and its effect on collagen was much smaller. The study elaborated the interaction mechanism of typical neutral salts and collagen to be helpful for further understanding and improving the use of neutral salts in many steps involved in leather production.
Tanning with Pomegranate Peel Tannin
Authors: Ozkan Cigdem Kilicarislan
Published: December 2023

By-products of pomegranate juice enterprises are evaluated as a “green” raw material for many industries. In this study, pomegranate peels which are well known with high polyphenolic content were evaluated as a potential source of tanning agent for leather industry. For this purpose, firstly pomegranate peels were extracted in Koch extractor at 70°C for 8 hours. In order to determine the tanning ability, 30% of ground pomegranate peel powder (containing 7.2% of active tannin matter) was used in the tanning process and pomegranate peel tanned leather was evaluated in terms of increases in thickness and shrinkage temperature, color change and mechanical properties. The application of pomegranate peel tannin in the tanning process provided that an acceptable shrinkage temperature (68.5°C) and mechanical properties for vegetable tanned leathers. The results revealed that the tannin obtained from pomegranate peel has a remarkable tanning effect and can be used in the tanning process. Thus, it is concluded that pomegranate peels can be evaluated as a new source of tannin for leather industry.
Comparison of Exosome -miRNA -9 and -146 Profiles Isolated from Brain and Pancreas Tissue in Healthy and Diabetes Rats
Authors: GENÇ Sıdıka , TAGHİZADEHGHALEHJOUGHİ Ali
Published: December 2023

Small vesicles called exosomes have been found to regulate gene expression in tissues and play a role in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effects of exosomes on diabetes and related microRNA (miRNA) exchange. For this purpose, nicotinamide (120 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally (IP.), and Streptozotocin (50 mg/kg) ip was allocated 15 minutes later. Rats with 126 mg/dL and up glucose levels were accepted as Type 2 diabetes. At the end of 21 days, exosomes were obtained from the pancreas and brain tissues of rats (n:10) of diabetics and healthy groups. Then biochemical analyzes and oxidative stress parameters of both groups were examined. In addition, miRNA changes were discussed, and the results obtained were statistically evaluated. A significant increase was found in total oxidative status (TOS) and Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels in both brain and pancreatic exosomes. It was observed that the total antioxidant level (TAC) decreased compared to the control group (P
Даймонологія совісті: від сократівських ідей до їх історико-філософського прочитання у поглядах Г. Гегеля, Г. Сковороди та П. Юркевича
Authors: Bohdan Pavlo
Published: December 2023

У статті крізь призму історико-філософського світобачення Г. Гегеля розглядається проблематика феномена совісті на матеріалі класичної античної філософії та її продовження в українській філософській традиції, втіленій у поглядах Г. С. Сковороди та П. Д. Юркевича. Даються різні способи постановки питання сутності існування такого феномена, як совість, та у чому полягає її відмінність і тотожність з мораллю, як загальним законом. Метою було прослідкувати цілісну лінію у філософському вирішенню цього питання та революційні і реакційні моменти у становленні поняття совісті за різних історичних умов. Саме реконструкція Г. Гегелем етапу становлення совісті в античному світі дає нам цілісне розуміння діалектичності існування совісті на різних історичних етапах. Для Г. Гегеля відмінність між мораллю та моральністю є очевидною у контексті проблематики совісті, яка є зовнішнім і внутрішнім законом (ідеалом) для людини. Тому більш конкретне формування та відокремлення понять моралі і моральності, протиставлення традиції і совісті, а також відокремлення суспільного та особистого ідеалу, будуть центральними темами данного дослідження.
Contribución al estudio de la determinación volumétrica del hierro mediante agentes oxi
Authors:   , Rothsche Enrique Samuel
Published: December 2023

Plan de trabajo Introducción - Fundamentos teóricos sobre los métodos de determinación - Estudio crítico sobre los reductores y los agentes oxidantes - Conclusiones. Fines que se persiguen Parte experimental Preparación de las soluciones I. Los reductores. Anhídrido sulfuroso, ácido sulfhídrico, metales y cloruro estañoso Velocidad de reacción, efectividad, poder reductor y condiciones de acidez y de temperatura de los reductores II. Permanganimetrias 1) Método de Margueritte. Acidez, volumen y reductor adecuados, exactitud. Técnica que se aconseja 2) Método de Zimmermann-Reinhardt. Acidez, volumen y reductor adecuados Efecto de la variación de la cantidad de sal manganosa. Exactitud. Técnica que se aconseja III. Dicromatometrías 1) Método de Knop. Acidez, volumen y reductor adecuados. Concentración y cantidad del indicador. Efecto de la variación de la cantidad de mezcla sulfofosfórica. Exactitud. Técnica que se aconseja 2) Método de Penny-Schabus. Acidez, volumen y reductor adecuados Concentración del indicador. Exactitud. Técnica que se aconseja IV. Cerimetrías. Comparación de dos métodos: con indicador reversible y con indicador irreversible. Método que se aconseja V. Conclusiones generales
Predictive Power of Resilience to Stress Susceptibility
Authors: PİŞKET Özge , ÇELİK Eyüp
Published: December 2023

This study aims to examine the predictive power of resilience for stress susceptibility. The study group consists of 289 individuals between 21 and 53. The Stress Susceptibility Scale and the Adult Resilience Measure were used to collect data in the present research. Data were analyzed using correlation and regression analysis. The results of the correlation analysis showed a significant negative relationship between stress susceptibility and the dimensions of psychological resilience, such as relational sources, individual sources, and familial sources. The regression analysis results showed that the dimensions of psychological resilience, such as relational sources and cultural and contextual sources, significantly predicted stress susceptibility. Additionally, the study found that stress susceptibility scores did not show statistically significant differences according to gender and marital status.
Temperature-dependent Raman-active phonon modes and electron−phonon coupling in β-Ga2O3 microwire
Authors: Yao Rongcheng , Wan Lingyu , Li Bingsheng , Wang Yuefei
Published: December 2023

The lattice vibration and electron-phonon coupling (EPC) in β-Ga2O3 microwire are systematically investigated. The β-Ga2O3 microwire that is (020)-oriented shows 14 Raman peaks, with all their FWHM narrower than those of (100)-oriented β-Ga2O3 bulk single crystal. As the temperature increases from 80 to 300 K, most Raman-active phonon modes are blueshifted, while a few modes are first blueshifted and then redshifted. The photoluminescence mainly originates from the recombination of self-trapping exciton and the quantitative analysis reveals that there exists quite strong EPC in β-Ga2O3 microwire and the Huang–Rhys factor is up to Sʹ ≈ 14.
Significance and Limitations of the 1987 Constitution Amendment Movement: Why Do We Need Partial and Sequential Amendments?
Authors:   Korean Constitutional Law Asscciation, Kim Jongcheol
Published: December 2023

There is a need for a sequential and gradual process of constitutional reform, with targets that reflect the strong need for constitutional reform and the level of consensus at various levels.
It is also necessary to respond to the fact that the flawed political representation system has been an essential problem of the 1987 Constitution. That is, efforts should be made not only to emphasize representation in the constitutional revision process, but also to ensure sufficient participation of the people, who hold the authorship of the constitution, in accordance with the principle of sovereign people, which is the highest principle for the formation of national power structure. As a realistic alternative, it is necessary to actively embrace the civic and deliberative public debate system in the constitutional amendment process rather than the traditional method. This can be achieved to a certain extent through legislative reforms such as the Constitutional Amendment Procedure Act or the Referendum Act, rather than constitutional amendments.
In the end, we believe that sequential partial constitutional amendments, along with the democratic institutionalization of the constitutional amendment process, including the introduction of a deliberative public debate system, is a realistic alternative to inherit the achievements of the 1987 Constitution, improve its shortcomings, and build a new level of democratic republic.
Fundamental Risk Factors and Profitability of Commercial Banks in Kenya
Authors: Muchemi Wachira
Published: December 2023

Commercial banks are vital to the financial sector in any country more so in developing economies where capital markets are not well developed and strong. Commercial Banks’ profitability is important because the soundness of an industry is closely connected to soundness of the whole economy. Profitability of the banking sector is also central as the well-being of the industry is closely associated with the wellness of the whole economy in general. Thus, a proficient and productive banking sector is able and better placed to endure negative economic shocks. This study investigated the fundamental risk factors and profitability of Kenyan commercial banks. The study systematically reviewed past studies undertaken on the area of interest. Attention was given on the study findings and the methodology. Conclusions on the relationship that exist between the variables were drawn for the study from the findings of the past studies. Recommendations were made based on the study findings and conclusions. price level fluctuation had a significant positive effect on profitability of commercial banks in Kenya based on return on assets and net interest margin while an insignificant positive effect on return on equity. Exchange rate fluctuation had a significant negative effect on profitability of commercial banks in Kenya based on return on assets and an insignificant negative effect based on return on equity and net interest margin. Interest rate fluctuation on profitability of commercial banks in Kenya. The study found that interest rate fluctuation had a significant positive effect on profitability (return on assets, return on equity and net interest margin) of commercial banks in Kenya. The study recommends that the managers of commercial banks in Kenya should always be in the know of the prevailing economic conditions of the country and that of other countries which they have operational branches. The study found that exchange rate fluctuation is a major predictor of profitability of commercial banks in Kenya (based on return on assets). As such, the managers of commercial banks can engage in foreign exchange hedging practices where the fixed forward exchange rates can be used. The effect of interest rate fluctuation on profitability of commercial banks in Kenya was found to be significant for all the three measures. The study therefore recommends that in periods of high demand for loans, bank managers can take advantage of such periods by charging higher interest rates on loans, however moderately.
Hyperspectral Imaging Algorithms and Applications: A Review
Authors: Akewar Mayur , Chandak Manoj
Published: December 2023

The paper covers topics ranging from hyperspectral imaging applications to innovative algorithms that have enhanced the analysis of hyperspectral data. We delve into the practical applications, including Agriculture, Food Quality and Safety, Earth Sciences, Exploration and Monitoring, Healthcare, Pharmaceuticals, Medical Imaging, Industrial Manufacturing, Management, Conservation, Safety and Security. Our goal is to provide a holistic understanding of how hyperspectral imaging is transforming these fields and driving new possibilities. We also discussed detailed algorithmic development in Hyperspectral Imaging including Supervised and Unsupervised algorithms. We reviewed algorithmic development from the early 1980’s to recent developments including Artificial Intelligence involving algorithms from Machine Learning to Deep Learning. We believe our paper will be of particular interest to your readers for those who wish to study algorithm development from simple image processing procedures to AI based approaches and how these algorithms are used in diverse applications to make intelligent decisions for increasing productivity and efficiency in Agriculture, Exploration and Management and identification of diseases and natural resources. Our paper is well organized into various sections as per algorithms and applications. We reviewed more than 250 papers with proper citations and authors' research work.
Towards Blockchain-based Remote Management Systems for Patients with Movement Disorders
Authors: Behara Behnaz , Delrobaei Mehdi
Published: December 2023

Secure storage and sharing of patients’ medical data over the Internet are part of the challenges for emerging healthcare systems. The use of blockchain technology in medical Internet of Things systems can be considered a safe and novel solution to overcome such challenges. Patients with movement disorders require multi-disciplinary management and must continuously receive medical care from a specialist. Due to the increasing costs of face-to-face treatment, especially during the pandemic, patients would highly benefit from remote monitoring and management. The proposed work presents a model for blockchain-based remote management systems for patients with movement disorders, especially those with Parkinson’s disease. The model ensures a high level of integrity and decreases the security risks of medical data sharing.
Rough Clustering-Based Monte Carlo Reinforcement Learning with Options for Minimizing the Length of Trajectories
Authors: Paidi Avinash , Mitra Pabitra
Published: December 2023

In Reinforcement Learning (RL), Monte Carlo methods teach the agents how to make decisions based on the principle of averaging the sample returns. Monte Carlo Reinforcement Learning (MCRL) methods interact with an environment and estimate the value functions of states based on experiences gained from those interactions. Monte Carlo RL methods need to collect many full trajectories (sequences of states, actions, and rewards) for accurate estimation of value functions and for achieving convergence. Even if the state space of the Reinforcement Learning problem is moderately large, the number of trajectories required to estimate value functions accurately can become significantly large. Since the length of each trajectory increases as well with the increase in the size of the state space, collecting and processing each trajectory also becomes computationally expensive and time-consuming. To address this problem, in this work, we proposed a new methodology for making Monte Carlo RL methods more efficient and converge faster by accelerating the learning process. The proposed methodology performs state space abstraction by clustering the state space, which causes a significant reduction in the lengths of trajectories. A rough clustering-based approach is considered for the abstraction of state space. An agent is allowed to explore the environment and collect the trajectories for some number of episodes. Based on the collected trajectories, the preliminary topological structure of the environment is obtained and initial estimates of state value functions are calculated. Using the obtained preliminary topological structure, available estimates of state value functions, group average hierarchical agglomerative clustering is performed and the state space is divided into clusters of states. The initial estimates of state value functions and preliminary topological structure are again used for the reshuffling of states in clustered state space via rough clustering. By performing several iterations of rough clustering, better-quality clusters of states are obtained. Options (macro-actions) for traversing between different clusters of the state space are learnt using dynamic programming techniques. Once the options are learnt, at each time step of Monte Carlo learning, the agent can choose between a primitive action or an option if available. These options significantly accelerate the learning process. Options reduce the lengths of trajectories. Trajectory length reduction results in faster convergence of Monte Carlo methods, and the same is shown with the support of experimental results in this paper.
Frequency Diverse Array With Discrete Fourier Transform for Single Target Estimation
Authors: Wang Kai , Yu Zichuan , Jin Zhiyuan , Zhong Feiyang , Tang Lu
Published: December 2023

In order to overcome the limitations of phased array radar technology, the researchers proposed frequency diverse array technology to achieve accurate detection and tracking of target direction. In this paper, a method of distance and angle estimation based on DFT transform is proposed for frequency transform array. By cross-correlating the received data, a new received signal vector is established and solved by constructing an equation. Compared with other methods, this method overcomes the problem that FDA radar is prone to fuzzy estimation and insufficient resolution in target parameter estimation. It can not only directly estimate the distance and angle of the target, but also effectively improve the target resolution.
Analisis Kebijakan Pelayanan Haji Pada Kantor Kementerian Agama Kabupaten Lingga Provinsi Kepulauan Riau
Authors: Abdurokhman Abdurokhman , Nurcholis Hanif , Daulay Pardamean
Published: December 2023

Ibadah haji, sebagai rukun Islam kelima, mewajibkan setiap muslim yang mampu melaksanakannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kebijakan pelayanan haji di Kantor Kementerian Agama Kabupaten Lingga dan mengidentifikasi faktor pendukung dan penghambat, serta kendala Undang-Undang nomor 8 tahun 2019 dan PMA nomor 6 tahun 2019. Metode kualitatif digunakan dengan fokus pada Seksi Penyelenggaraan Haji dan Umrah. Teknik pengumpulan data melibatkan wawancara, observasi, dan studi dokumen. Hasilnya menunjukkan kendala geografis, terbatasnya bank penerima setoran haji, dan kurangnya informasi pendaftaran haji. Faktor pendukung melibatkan sarana prasarana SISKOHAT dan SDM di Kantor Kementerian Agama. Dari analisis ini, disarankan agar kewenangan pendaftaran haji diperluas, terdapat kerjasama dengan bank, penerapan layanan pendaftaran haji mobile berbasis kelautan, serta kegiatan bimbingan manasik sepanjang tahun melalui inisiatif Kementerian Agama atau Kelompok Bimbingan Ibadah Haji (KBIH).
Study of Nutritional Status and Health Condition of Human Resources at Dungus Madiun General Hospital in the Era of The Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Rosidah Lilik , Muhidin  , Hansenida Wise Meila Sale
Published: December 2023

During the Covid-19 pandemic the health and fitness including nutritional status of human resources in hospital should get attention, because workload of them increases. They have to use of PPE for several hours and the risk of disease transmission is also high. Therefore, optimal health conditions are needed to reduce the risk of disease transmission from patients. This study aims to describe variables that can affect the productivity of human resources Dungus Madiun Hospital, including nutritional status, vegetable and fruit consumption, history of disease, physical activity and vaccination history. The type of research is descriptive observation conducted on December, 2020 with data collection techniques filling out kueshioner through Google forms on 144 respondent. There was 18.1% of respondents over nutritional status and 27,1% obesity. 21.5% consumed fruits and 13,8 % consumed vegetables according to recommended amount. The most common types of diseases are hyperchoterol 29.2% and allergies 13.2%. Exercise as rerommended by 32% of respondents.  Vaccinations are good except for HPV vaccine is only 24.8%. To improve nutritional status and cholesterol levels, counseling to dietary improvement and increased awareness to exercise as recommended are a priority of hospital public health extension activities (PKRS).
Test of Receivability and Fiber Concerning of Talam Cake with The Addition of Chia Seed Flour Techikade as Snack for Constipation
Authors: Yanfa' Qurrota 'Ayun Sari  , Intiyati Ani , Mujayanto
Published: December 2023

Constipation (constipation) can occur at any age. One of them is stomach cramps. The purpose of this study was to determine the acceptability and fiber content of the platter cake with the addition of chia seed flour and soybean flour as a snack for constipation. The method of this study was an experiment on 3 formulations of the addition of rice flour, chia seed flour and soybean flour with the formulations KT1 (110:65:25), KT2 (100:75:25), and KT3 (90:80:30). ), using the organoleptic preference test in the form of likes or dislikes for the color, taste, aroma and texture of the Techikade platter cake presented to 25 panelists, the fiber content of the Techikade platter cake used the Gravimetric Method for the best formulation of the organoleptic test results. The results showed that the platter cake with the KT3 formulation was the most preferred with an average score of 3.76 which was included in the like category. The conclusion of the study showed organo-leptic properties, the formulation favored by the panelists was the KT3 formulation with a ratio of rice flour:chia seed flour:soy flour of 90:80:30 having a fiber content of 5.64% in 100g Techikade tray cake.
О НЕКОТОРЫХ ВОПРОСАХ ПРОВЕДЕНИЯ ПРАВОВОЙ ЭКСПЕРТИЗЫ ПРОЕКТОВ ЗАКОНОВ
Authors: Нинциева Т.М.
Published: December 2023

Правовая экспертиза проекта закона представляет собой комплекс действий по проверке проекта закона на соответствие требованиям федерального и регионального законодательства, принципам законности, конституционности, целесообразности, лингвистической и стилистической грамотности, а также соответствия интересам граждан нашего государства.
На каждой из стадий проведение правовой экспертизы имеет свое значение, смысл и роль. На стадиях принятия проекта закона в первом, во втором и третьем чтениях, правовая экспертиза имеет своей целью проверку проекта закона на соответствие действующему законодательству РФ.
При этом, не смотря на свою правовую и техническую регламентированность, процесс проведения правовой экспертизы сопровождается огромным количеством правовых, технических и организационных проблем, преследующих как процесс проведения правовой экспертизы, так и законодательный процесс в целом не первый десяток лет.
Именно о проблемах, возникающих при проведении правовой экспертизы и способах их решения пойдет речь в настоящей научной статье.
ИСТОРИЯ ВОЗНИКНОВЕНИЯ УГОЛОВНОЙ ОТВЕТСТВЕННОСТИ ЗА КЛЕВЕТУ
Authors: Эриашвили Н.Д. , Ахъядов Э.С.-М. , Дадашов М.М.
Published: December 2023

Для защиты прав и свобод каждой личности в отечественном государстве в настоящее время сформировались определенные правовые условия, а также действуют различные правозащитные институты, позволяющие каждому человеку реализовать свое право на защиту. Не вызывает сомнения, что политика отечественного государства направлена на создание в стране демократического государства, в котором взаимодействие между членами общества основано на принципах уважения каждой личности. Несмотря на закрепленные в Конституции Российской Федерации и других федеральных законах гарантий защиты прав и свобод граждан, не все правозащитные механизмы действуют эффективно. Многими юристами и политологами неоднократно подчёркивалось, что органы государственной власти не справляются со своими задачами, направленными на охрану и защиту прав граждан, включая и право каждого индивида на защиту своей чести, достоинства и деловой репутации. Анализ отечественного уголовного законодательства, многочисленных теоретических источников и примеров из судебной и правоприменительной практики позволяет сделать вывод о недостаточном внимании, которое уделяется вопросам уголовной ответственности за клевету в России. Кроме того, в практической деятельности постоянно возникают спорные вопросы об отграничении клеветы от смежных преступлений и проблемные моменты, связанные с квалификацией клеветы. Цель исследования – рассмотреть историю возникновения ответственности за клевету.
PROPOSTA DE MANUAL DE EXERCICIOS PARA AUTOCONHECIMENTO E CONSCIENTIZAÇÃO DO ASSOALHO PÉLVICO DE ADULTAS JOVENS
Authors: Pinto Leticia Laeme Einstein dos Santos , Favacho Flávia Thais Rocha , Oliveira Allana Graim de , Lima Allan Mateus da Silva , Ferreira Camila de Morais , Acioli Carlos Alberto Lima , Melo Flávia Maria Lessa
Published: December 2023

A importância de se exercitar o assoalho pélvico desde jovem ainda é algo desconhecido para a maioria das mulheres e a causa principal é o desconhecimento da importância dessa região. A musculatura pélvica é essencial para manter a funcionalidade de diversos órgãos, tais como bexiga e ânus, e seu enfraquecimento pode causar diversos fatores negativos, como prolapso dos mesmos órgãos e disfunções sexuais. Alguns fatores facilitam esse enfraquecimento muscular, como gestação, obesidade, parto normal e deficiência de colágeno. Com um assoalho pélvico bem fortalecido, apesar dos fatores acima citados, as chances de ocorrerem adversidades se reduzem drasticamente. Com isso, é ressaltada a importância de adultas jovens se autoconhecerem e entenderem seus assoalhos pélvicos. O objetivo deste estudo é elaborar uma proposta de plano terapêutico em fisioterapia para que essas jovens possam exercitar sua musculatura, tratando-se da criação de um protocolo fisioterápico de exercícios baseado nas alterações e queixas mais comuns das mulheres com disfunções no assoalho pélvico, o qual se fundamentou na literatura, utilizando as bases de dados eletrônicas: PUBMED (Public Medline or Publisher Medline), SCIELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online) e LILACS. Os resultados apresentados e discutidos neste estudo estão relacionados às condutas e manejos fisioterápicos ao se lidar com a musculatura pélvica.
Teatr na Wileńskiej 1824–1832
Authors: Jędrychowski Zbigniew
Published: December 2023

Artykuł przedstawia historie teatru w Wilnie w latach 1824–1832, kiedy na widowni zasiadał Juliusz Słowacki. Opisano budynek, jego lokalizację i próby zarządzania teatrem. Rywalizacja i kłótnie między aktorami przez wiele lat uniemożliwiały sprawne zarządzanie teatrem, mimo że od 1823 roku istniał dokument Projekt urządzenia Wileńskiego Teatru. Problemy związane z organizacją sezonów miały swoje źródło także w niespłaconym długu byłego przedsiębiorcy teatralnego Macieja Każyńskiego. Ze względu na stan pierwotnego budynku postanowiono przenieść scenę do ratusza.
Jerzy Got-Spiegel (1923–2004)
Authors: Michalik Jan
Published: December 2023

Wspomnienie poświęcone Jerzemu Gotowi (1923–2004), historykowi teatru, dokumentaliście i edytorowi, inicjatorowi pierwszego programu uniwersyteckich studiów teatrologicznych na Uniwersytecie Jagiellońskim. Autor przedstawia koleje życia zawodowego Gota: pracę w Zakładzie Historii i Teorii Teatru Instytutu Sztuki PAN (1956–1967), organizację działu teatralnego Muzeum Historycznego Krakowa (1961–1966), pracę na Uniwersytecie Jagiellońskim (1967–1978) i owocny okres samodzielnie prowadzonych badań naukowych po przeprowadzce do Wiednia w 1978 roku. Podkreśla zasługi Gota dla sprofilowania i rozwoju badań teatrologicznych w ośrodku krakowskim i otwarcia go na współpracę międzynarodową. Akcentuje wszechstronność uczonego – łączącego zamiłowanie do dokumentalistyki i poszukiwań archiwalnych z umiejętnościami analitycznymi i talentem interpretacyjnym. Wskazuje najważniejsze obszary zainteresowań Gota: historię teatru krakowskiego, historię teatru lwowskiego, biografistykę teatralną (Antonina Hoffmann, Helena Modrzejewska, Bogumił Dawison, Ludwik Solski), a także kulturę starożytnej Grecji. Wspomina ponadto o jego pasji fotograficznej, ściśle związanej z badaniami teatralnymi.
Inoculation effects of growthpromoting bacteria on corn root architecture: influence of nitrogen levels, bacterial populations, and plant genotypes
Authors: Dias Albiane Carvalho , Alves Gabriela Cavalcanti , Silva Thamires Ferreira Rodrigues da , Reis Veronica Massena
Published: December 2023

Inoculating corn with diazotrophic bacteria as growth promoters has been demonstrated to be an efficient agricultural practice in Brazil, mainly due to the root stimulation they provide to plants. This study investigates the corn (Zea mays L.) root architecture in a greenhouse assay where A. baldaniorum Sp245 and H. seropedicae ZAE94 strains were inoculated and evaluated for 22 days under two N levels: 0.6 and 6 mmol L
-1
of N. Short-term bioassays were conducted to assess the plant’s response to the addition of indole-acetic acid, two bacterial populations, and two corn genotypes, utilizing image capture software WinRhizo Pro. The growth and distribution of tips, crossing, and length of fine roots were determined to be the most sensitive aspects to inoculation and indole-acetic acid induction. These responses were influenced by the genotype and the number of bacterial cells present. Biomass accumulation analyses quantified these modifications after a 22-day period. Additionally, the growth response was found to be more significant when applying the Hs-ZAE94 strain to plants fertilized with a higher dose of nitrogen (6.0 mmol L
-1
), and this response was positively correlated with bioassay data. Selected strains used as an inoculant can improve root architecture and, consequently, the N use efficiency.
Human resources management in public administration as an example of the National Revenue Administration
Authors: Sarnowski Janusz
Published: December 2023

Zarządzanie zasobami ludzkimi stanowi bardzo ważny element funkcjonowania i rozwoju każdej
organizacji. Kwestia ta jest szczególnie istotna w odniesieniu do organów administracji publicznej. Od ich
bowiem sprawnego funkcjonowania zależy efektywna realizacja zadań publicznych przez państwo. Podstawowe
cechy zarządzania zasobami ludzkimi w administracji skarbowej w zasadzie nie różnią się w sposób
istotny od innych podmiotów administracji publicznej. W odróżnieniu od sektora prywatnego na proces
zarządzania zasobami ludzkimi w administracji publicznej ma wpływ wiele aktów prawnych różnej rangi.
Ponadto kluczową rolę w procesie zarządzania zasobami ludzkimi odgrywa szef służby cywilnej. Mimo
istotnej reformy przeprowadzonej w roku 2017 efektywność funkcjonowania w Krajowej Administracji
Skarbowej w porównaniu z innymi krajami nie jest wysoka.
Application of the proportional navigation law for guidance of autonomous underwater vehicles
Authors: Скороход Б.А.
Published: December 2023

Рассматривается задача наведения автономного подводного аппарата (АПА) на заданный объект. Предполагается, что АПА под действием силы тяги и поворотного момента, перемещается в горизонтальной плоскости. Неизвестное постоянное течение рассматривается в качестве основного возмущения подводной среды действующего на АПА. Пропорциональный закон навигации (ПЗН) формируется по изображениям, поступающих с видеокамеры или гидроакустического датчика, измеряя скорость изменения угла визирования объекта. Показывается, что решение задачи наведения может быть сведено к анализу устойчивости нелинейной нестационарной системы с особой точкой. Предлагаемый в работе подход основан на специальных определениях устойчивости решений такой системы и методе функций Ляпунова. Получены условия устойчивости процесса наведения АПА, обеспечивающие его желаемое поведение. Приведены результаты компьютерного моделирования, включающие оценки точности и сравнительный анализ использования ПЗН и метода погони.

The problem of guidance autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV) to a given object is considered. It is assumed that the AUV moves in a horizontal plane under the action of the thrust force and the turning moment. An unknown constant current is considered as the main disturbance of the underwater environment acting on the AUV. The proportional navigation law (PNL) is formed from images coming from a video camera or a sonar sensor, measuring the rate of change in the angle of sight of the object. It is shown that the solution of the guidance problem can be reduced to an analysis of the stability of a nonlinear non-stationary system with a singular point. The approach proposed in this paper is based on special definitions of the stability of solutions of such a system and the method of Lyapunov functions. The stability conditions of the AUV guidance process have been obtained providing its desired behavior. The results of computer modeling are presented including accuracy estimates and a comparative analysis of the use of PNL and the pursuit guidance.