bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Argentina: Between Animal Rights Recognition and Animal Farming Intensification
Authors: Pezzetta Silvina
Published: July 2024

Abstract The intensification of animal farming is a growing trend worldwide that poses serious environmental and animal rights challenges. In Argentina, it gained public attention for the first time after the government agreed with China to install intensive pig farms in the country in 2020. Although the environmental danger raised the most important concerns among the public, the opposition also came from animal rights advocates. This paper will offer a theoretical analysis of intensive pig farming from animal ethics and animal welfare perspectives. The analysis will include how some of the most recent advances in Argentinean case law, recognizing legal personhood for some animals, could influence the path to animal farm intensification and its regulation. The work is divided into four sections. In the first, a brief discussion of the contributions of animal ethics will be presented. The second section will describe the main concepts involved in animal welfare science. In the third section, the article will describe the life and death of pigs on intensive farms. Finally, the last section will survey Argentinean animal rights case law and animal law, highlighting the contrast between the contradictory trends: animal legal personhood recognition versus animal farming intensification.
Nutricídio e racismo alimentar na crise neoliberal e sociossanitária da pandemia de covid-19 no Brasil
Authors: Cabral Mariana Pompílio Gomes , Moreira Daiana de Jesus , Alves Erinaldo Domingos , Lima Raquel Cerdeira de , Bosi Maria Lúcia Magalhães
Published: July 2024

Resumo Este artigo é um ensaio que visa compreender as intersecções entre racismo, capitalismo e a crise social/sanitária da fome e insegurança alimentar que assola o Brasil no contexto posterior à pandemia de covid-19. Para tal, são utilizados os conceitos de nutricídio e racismo alimentar, aproximando-os das concepções de necropolítica e genocídio da população negra, em um entendimento que o Estado deixa de dar condições de segurança alimentar às populações marginalizadas. Isso ocorre, especialmente, nas regiões periféricas das grandes cidades, cujas populações, em sua maioria, são negras, e se tornam vítimas de uma lógica de “deixar morrer” e gerar morte desses segmentos com políticas públicas excludentes e/ou potencialmente danosas à alimentação e à nutrição humanas. A aproximação entre saúde coletiva, fome e racismo é potencialmente geradora de subsídios para a elaboração de políticas de saúde, alimentação e assistência social, sendo, ao mesmo tempo, produtora de um território de estudos e pesquisas no campo da alimentação, nutrição e saúde.
Review of Ethical Crossroads in Literary Modernism (2023), edited by Katherine Ebury, Bridget English, and Matthew Fogarty

Authors: Wagner Hadas
Published: July 2024

Ethical Crossroads in Literary Modernism, edited by Katherine Ebury, Bridget English, and Matthew Fogarty, builds on new modernist studies and recent criticism to interrogate the term 'modernist ethics.' The collection stands out in the breadth of its scope, seeking to act as a definitive guide to those seeking to familiarize themselves with the multifaceted conjunction of modernism and ethics. While other book-length studies in the field tend to focus either on a specific canonical writer, or on narrower aspects of ethics, Ethical Crossroads is broadly divided into four methodological sections: 'The Ethics of Mind and Body,' 'Planetary Ethics,' 'Legal Ethics,' and 'Intersectional Ethics.' Each of these sections includes a wide range of theories and approaches, which are discussed in relation to both canonical and non-canonical texts. In combining such an expansive approach together with attention to the different localities, specificities and nuances making up literary modernism, Ethical Crossroads emerges as a rich and thought-provoking collection, and a welcome contribution to scholarship.
Human Neuronal Nucleus Isolation for Single-Nucleus Transcriptomic Profiling (10x Genomics) v1
Authors: Ishishita Satoshi , Pool Allan-Hermann
Published: July 2024

Protocol generating suspensions of neuronal nuclei (NeuN+) from human central nervous system tissue for single-nucleus transcriptomics.
Prediction of cyber-attacks in air transport using neural networks
Authors: Izdebski Mariusz , Michalska Anna , Jacyna-Gołda Ilona , Gherman Laurian
Published: July 2024

This article addresses the topic of cyber-attacks in air transport, which is crucial for ensuring the safety and reliability of airports and air transport operations. The aim of the article was to present a new method for predicting cyber-attacks in air transport based on neural networks. The task of the neural network was to determine the multiple regression function based on which the probability of a cyberattack occurring at a specified hour and on a specific day of the week is predicted. The probability, depending on the time of the cyberattack occurrence, was determined using theoretical distributions. The method was verified with real data. Verification of the method confirmed its high effectiveness, determined at the level of 92%. The study examined the effectiveness of using the classical multiple regression method in predicting cyber-attacks in air transport. The classical multiple regression model covered only 0.14 of the input data, while the regression model generated by the neural network covered 0.99, indicating the high efficiency of the developed neural network.
Reseña del libro De fuego y tiempo: el cuento afrocolombiano contemporáneo
Authors: Hurtado Montaño Alexa Melissa ,   Universidad de Texas A&M, College Station
Published: July 2024

Reseña del libro De fuego y tiempo: el cuento afrocolombiano contemporáneo
High-resolution global geopositioning system for last-mile delivery
Authors: Quirama-Londoño Luis Felipe ,   Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Giraldo-Galindo Michael Daniel , Mejía-Hernández Juan Camilo , Tibaquirá-Giraldo Juan Esteban ,   Universidad EAFIT,   Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira,   Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira
Published: July 2024

High-resolution monitoring systems are commonly used to calculate mechanical and energy performance, as well as environmental impact resulting from the operation of a fleet of vehicles in a region. These systems require recording operational or vehicle position data, energy consumption in the case of electric or electric-assisted vehicles, and buttons for specific signals in the operation, such as the start of operation, end of operation, or package delivery. Some vehicle tracking devices available on the market do not allow speed and energy consumption data to be recorded and accessed at the required sampling frequency. This study presents the development and validation of a remote sensing device to record energy consumption and operational variables of a vehicle under real operating conditions with a frequency of 1 Hz. The functioning of the device, the integrated elements in its development, and the data analysis process are detailed. Finally, using the monitoring equipment data, a comparison was made between the operation of electric vehicles and internal combustion vehicles, achieving savings of up to 83% in operating costs and a 79% reduction in CO2 emissions.
Farklı Yöntemlerle Üretilen Metal Destekli Porselen Restorasyonlarda Laboratuvar Aşamaları Sonrası Renk Farklılıklarının Karşılaştırılması
Authors: Korkmaz Cumhur
Published: July 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, farklı altyapı üretim tekniklerinin kullanıldığı kobalt-krom (Co-Cr) alaşımlı metal destekli porselen restorasyonların, laboratuvar aşamaları sonrası oluşan renk farklılıklarının değerlendirilmesidir.
Yöntem: 45 adet kare şekilli Co-Cr alaşımı (10x10x1mm) örnek, döküm, milleme ve lazer sinterleme teknikleri ile üretildi (n=15). Tüm örneklere standart opak (0,1 mm), dentin porselen (1 mm) uygulandı ve glazelendi. Opak uygulama öncesi, opak uygulama sonrası ve porselen uygulama sonrası spektrofotometre ile renk ölçümleri yapıldı. L*, a*, b* değerleri elde edildi. Renk farklılıkları CIEDE2000 formülü ile hesaplandı.
Bulgular: Opak uygulama öncesi renk farklılık değerleri (ΔE00), döküm ve milleme gruplarında algılanabilir eşik değerinin altında (
Digital Literacies as Socially Situated Pedagogical Processes: Genealogically Understanding Media, Information, and Digital Literacies
Authors: Mensonides Denise , Smit Alexander , Talsma Ieteke , Swart Joëlle , Broersma Marcel
Published: July 2024

Despite the increasing importance of digital literacies for citizens to be able to participate in society, there is little scholarly agreement over what digital literacies entail. This conceptual ambiguity hinders the translation of digital literacies into educational programs and policies that foster citizens’ digital literacies and inclusion. While various authors have attempted to define digital literacy separately and in relation to other concepts, such as information literacy and media literacy, little attention has been paid to the historical backdrop of these concepts. By tracing the historical development of three literacies (media-, information-, and digital literacy), we reflect on how societal demands shaped conceptual frameworks of these literacies and how these conceptualizations are situated within the broader pedagogical systems that aim to enable participation in digital societies. Using a genealogical approach, we explore and describe the changes in definition, understanding, and enactment of the three literacies, which illustrate how these concepts have developed towards the conceptual frameworks we employ today. Based on this analysis, we argue that digital literacies must be flexible to anticipate challenges that result from the rise of new technologies and need to be appropriated within different socio-cultural contexts. We pledge for an understanding of digital literacies as socially situated pedagogical processes aimed at the way citizens appropriate digital practices within their daily lives. This implies shifting away from formulating one-size-fits-all understandings based upon generic uses of digital technologies. Instead, we must appropriate the understandings of digital literacies based upon their socio-technical, cultural, political, economic, and material dimensions.
Derin Öğrenme İle Beyin Tümör Segmentasyonu
Authors: Taşdemir Bilal , Barışçı Necaattin
Published: July 2024

Artan nüfus ile birlikte her geçen gün daha fazla insan beyin tümöründen etkilenmektedir. Diğer hastalıklar ile kıyaslandığında beyin tümörünün ölüm oranı çok daha yüksektir. Ayrıca beyin tümörü hastalığına yakalanan bireyler günlük yaşamlarında önemli zorluklarla karşılaşmaktadır. Beyin tümörünün tanısı doktorlar için zorlu bir süreçtir. Teşhis aşamasında doktorların karşılaştığı zorluklar ve bu sorunların üstesinden gelmek adına bir çözüm önerisi olarak, beyin MR görüntülerinin otomatik segmentasyonunu sağlayacak bir modelin tasarlanması hedeflenmiştir. Bu çalışmada beyin MR görüntülerinin segmentasyonundaki zorluğu aşmak için topluluk öğrenimi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Topluluk öğrenimi yönteminde derin öğrenme tabanlı dikkat mekanizmalı u-net ve u-net modelleri kullanılmıştır. Bu yöntem ile iki farklı modelden gelen tahmin değerlerinin ortalamasının alınması ve daha kararlı bir modelin geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Model eğitimi için BRATS veri setinin 2018, 2019 ve 2020 versiyonları kullanılırken, model testleri için 2017 versiyonu tercih edilmiştir. Veri setindeki dengesiz sınıf dağılımı problemine çözüm olarak farklı veri ön işleme adımları kullanılmıştır ve topluluk öğrenimi modeli ile beyin MR görüntülerinin segmentasyon problemi ele alınmıştır. Elde edilen topluluk öğrenimi yöntemi ile BRATS2017 veri seti üzerinde %87,33 ortalama zar skoru, %81,74 nekrotik sınıfı zar skoru, %91,57 ödem sınıfı zar skoru, %76,03 artırılmış tümör sınıfı zar skoru, %99,96 arka plan sınıfı zar skoru ve Tüm Tümör (TT), Çekirdek Tümör (ÇT) ve Artırılmış Tümör (AT) için sırasıyla %83,11, %78,88 ve %76,03 zar skoru elde edilmiştir.
A Systematic Literature Review of Machine Learning Applications for Team Formation Problems
Authors: Karataş Soner , Çakır Hüseyin
Published: July 2024

With the development of technology, the variety and number of data held for any process has increased exponentially. By processing and analyzing this data, it is possible to solve many problems. Selection of the most appropriate team member and correct team formation in the activities carried out by the team are the factors that affect the success and result of teamwork. For this reason, the problem of team member selection and team formation has become one of the increasing research topics in recent years. Researchers from different disciplines are trying to develop tools, techniques and methodologies to ensure a successful team building process. Machine Learning (ML) methods have become one of the methods that have started to be used in team formation and team member selection problems in recent years. The successful outcome of this problem depends on the correct collection and processing of data and the selection of appropriate machine learning methods. The aim of this article is to present a systematic literature review of machine learning methods applied in team formation and team member selection problems, and to show which machine learning methods are applied in this field and their performance. Articles on the subject were searched in six scientific databases. In addition to providing fundamental information about ML methods, this review also supports new research efforts on team formation problems.
Üretken Yapay Zekaya Dayalı Bireysel Emeklilik Bilgilendirme ve Öneri Sistemi
Authors: Avcı Ezgi , Atik Mehmet Furkan , Memiş Nur Muazzez
Published: July 2024

Bu makale, üretken yapay zeka (GenAI) ile güçlendirilmiş yenilikçi bir bireysel emeklilik bilgi ve tavsiye sisteminin tasarımını sunmaktadır. Sistem, kullanıcı verilerini analiz etmek ve kişiselleştirilmiş emeklilik planlama tavsiyeleri üretmek için gelişmiş AI algoritmalarını kullanacak şekilde özelleştirilmiştir. GenAI entegrasyonu ile sistem, kullanıcılar arasında finansal okuryazarlığı önemli ölçüde artırmayı, emeklilik planlaması ve finansal ürünler hakkında daha derin bir anlayış sağlamayı hedeflemektedir. GenAI destekli içgörüler, kullanıcıların uzun vadeli emeklilik hedefleri ve risk tercihleriyle uyumlu bilinçli kararlar alabilmelerini sağlayacak şekilde özelleştirilmiş yatırım stratejilerini kolaylaştıracaktır. Bu yaklaşım, sadece bireysel finansal sonuçları iyileştirmeyi amaçlamakla kalmayıp, geleneksel olarak yalnızca finansal danışmanlar aracılığıyla erişilebilen finansal tavsiyeye erişimi demokratikleştirmeyi de hedeflemektedir. Sistem geliştikçe, değişen ekonomik koşullara ve kişisel durumlara uyum sağlaması, kullanıcıların yaşam değişiklikleriyle uyumlu dinamik tavsiyeler sunması beklenmektedir. Bu sistemin amacı, emekliliğe yaklaşırken ve emekliliğe girerken kullanıcılarının finansal refahını ve güvenliğini artıracak şekilde proaktif bir emeklilik planlaması yaklaşımını teşvik etmektir.
La modificación genética de la levadura y su efecto en la industria mexicana
Authors: Ayala Jerónimo David Andrés
Published: July 2024

Genetic modification of organisms, such as yeast, has been a constantly developing field of research in the past few decades. The modification exercise is a method of genetically manipulating yeast cells and is applied to a multitude of food and beverage products to alter the flavor of items like bread, beer, wine, among others. In this sense, genetic modification of yeast is significant to the food industry because it influences the quality and quantity of products, as well as enhances their efficiency and profitability. Consequently, this study aims to explore the impact of genetic modification of yeast on the production of food and beverages. It provides several examples of successful implementations and identifies specific needs depending on the production process. Additionally, this research will consider the advantages and disadvantages of modifying microorganisms to enhance production.
CONDICIONES PSICOSOCIALES DEL CONTADOR PÚBLICO EN EL DEPARTAMENTO DE SANTANDER - COLOMBIA
Authors: Borda Arias María Isabel , Ospino De La Hoz José Gregorio
Published: July 2024

This study describes the psychosocial conditions of the public accountant in the Santander region -Colombia. 92 surveys and 20 in-depth interviews were analyzed where different categories emerge that contribute to the understanding. The multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) is complemented with the content analysis of the narratives where different categories emerge, such as the relationship, labor contracting, field of action within the profession, professional and job satisfaction, motivational factors, effects of the work environment and integration into social groups, contexts of performance and decision-making, stressors, coping tools, ethics and social commitment, etc.Positive psychosocial conditions are recognized that must be strengthened and must be intervened to improve the accountant life quality.
EVALUACIÓN DE LA EFICIENCIA DE INNOVACIÓN DE LAS PEQUEÑAS Y MEDIANAS EMPRESAS MANUFACTURERAS DE MORELIA MICHOACÁN, MÉXICO
Authors: Alfaro-García Victor , Alfaro-Calderón Gerardo , P. Morelos Alfonso
Published: July 2024

The present study aims to make a diagnosis of innovation using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) in seven organizational areas of small and medium-sized manufacturing company. The diagnostic tool was applied to the total of 182 organizations who meet the characteristics of the study in the city of Morelia, Mexico. Collected valid information from 91 companies. The results showed 4 efficient economic sectors, while 11 were not; the main input variables (organizational areas) that had problems were: external enablers, internal enablers and management portfolio; and, finally, show an analysis of benchmarking of the inefficient sector.
INCIDENCIA DEL CAPITAL HUMANO Y LA INVERSIÓN EN EL DESARROLLO DE LA ESTRATEGIA EN TRANSFORMACIÓN DIGITAL EN LA PYME DE LA REGIÓN CUNDINAMARCA
Authors: Monroy Bonilla Maria Paula , Moreno Mauricio , Trujillo Padilla Carlos Augusto , Bonilla Yudy Marlen
Published: July 2024

En el plano internacional en el que sobreviven las empresas, la transformación digital se ha convertido en un imperativo, aún más en el periodo de post - pandemia y no es excepción en el plano de las industrias ubicadas en Bogotá y Cundinamarca. Teniendo presente lo planteado en la literatura en torno al tema, la transformación digital puede ser concebida a partir de los impactos combinados de varias tecnologías o innovaciones digitales que generan nuevos actores, estrategias, rutas que cambian, evolucionan o complementan las reglas que existen dentro de las empresas u organizaciones (Hinings, Gegenhuber y Greenwood, 2018). En este artículo se analiza el estado de la transformación digital y el nivel de desarrollo de estrategias necesarias para su implementación, se identifican las características de los procesos de digitalización de las empresas ubicadas en la región Cundinamarca y los factores relacionados con el capital humano y la inversión; considerando una muestra representativa de MiPymes en el territorio mencionado, de diversos sectores industriales. A partir de la información y datos recolectados en 944 empresas, mediante metodología mixta con técnicas basadas en análisis de correspondencia se identifican algunas características asociadas en las empresas objeto de estudio, así como desafíos, oportunidades y las mejores prácticas utilizadas por las mismas para avanzar en su estrategia de transformación digital.
LA TRANSFORMACIÓN DE LA POLÍTICA MONETARIA: UNA MIRADA HACÍA EL ÍNDICE DE PRESIÓN DE LA CADENA DE SUMINISTRO GLOBAL (GCSPI)
Authors: Alba Suárez Miguel Antonio
Published: July 2024

The pandemic caused by COVID-19 not only left havoc on public health, but also generated interruptions in the supply chain, turning this scenario into a challenge for the international economy. Logistical interruptions, increases in shipping costs and delays in delivery times were caused by the closure of factories located in Asia, as well as the extension of quarantine times that affected mobility. These explicit circumstances somehow made it possible to carry out measurement exercises aimed at examining supply chains in a global context to identify the inflationary pressure in them as a consequence of the breakdown in the supply of materials in the world.Given what has been described, the present presentation aims to show how, through the episodes of lack of synchronization between supply and demand produced by the pandemic, the inflation that occurred and that continues to make noise in the market, its nature is via pull. of supply, which is still unknown by central banks maintaining their traditionalist vision of intervening in the money market according to the dynamics of aggregate demand.Finally, central banks are in a transition to examine inflation no longer based on monetary data but incorporating data on shipping costs, times and movements of goods in order to explain the behavior of local and international prices.
Percepción de los estudiantes universitarios sobre el uso de Bitcoin como medio de pago en El Salvador
Authors: Zapata Kriscia Vanessa , Flores-Bonilla Jenny Elizabeth , Coreas-Flores Edwin Osmil
Published: July 2024

En El Salvador, las criptomonedas, especialmente el Bitcoin, han ganado notoriedad, marcando un hito el 9 de junio de 2021, cuando la Asamblea Legislativa aprobó a través del Decreto N° 57 la Ley Bitcoin. Esta nueva Ley posiciona al Bitcoin como moneda de curso legal, convirtiendo a El Salvador en el primer país en el mundo en tomar tal medida. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo describir la percepción de estudiantes universitarios hacia el uso Bitcoin como medio de pago. La muestra es de362 estudiantes de diez universidades de El Salvador. El instrumento diseñado evalúa variables como experiencia, disposición y uso del Bitcoin, proporcionando datos significativos para comprender los desafíos y oportunidades percibidos por los estudiantes. Según los estudiantes universitarios, los principales desafíos para utilizar Bitcoin como medio de pago son la interconectividad digital y la educación financiera. Un análisis de correspondencia entre las variables interconectividad digital y la disposición de uso de Bitcoin confirma que la primera es un factor determinante para la disposición de utilizar Bitcoin en transacciones  financieras.
Relación entre las estructuras de capital de trabajo y la rentabilidad de pequeñas y medianas empresas del sector construcción de Colombia
Authors: López-Díaz Víctor Hugo , Gómez-Chaves Miguel Ángel , Patiño-Folleco María Camila , Padilla-Ortiz Verónica
Published: July 2024

Como en la mayoría de economías, las pequeñas y medianas empresas en Colombia enfrentan grandes dificultades de financiación y liquidez debido a un bajo conocimiento respecto a la gestión del capital de trabajo. El presente documento se orienta hacia el análisis existente de las estructuras de capital de trabajo y la rentabilidad de las pymes del sector construcción de Colombia entre los años 2016 – 2020. La metodología parte del paradigma cuantitativo, por cuanto se analiza el comportamiento de variables como, inventario, cuentas por cobrar, efectivo, entre otras; con enfoque empírico-analítico, basado en la experiencia financiera de las pymes del sector construcción, además, el método fue deductivo con un tipo de investigación correlacional. Se toma como población objeto de estudio los estados financieros que proporcionaron 11.035 pymes del sector construcción ante la  Superintendencia de Sociedades durante los años 2016 – 2020. Como resultado se evidencia que no existe una estabilidad en cuanto a la relación entre las estructuras de capital de trabajo frente a los márgenes de rentabilidad  de las pymes del sector construcción, dado que, de los seis capitales de trabajo analizados, tres de ellos, el bruto, operativo y neto presentan un coeficiente de correlación significativamente positivo frente a los indicadores margen  antes de impuestos y margen neto, de los siete indicadores de rentabilidad analizados. Dado el  comportamiento histórico de estas variables, cuando se percibe una variación de uno de los factores, el otro fluctúa en el mismo sentido, indicando que, a una mayor eficiencia en la gestión del capital de trabajo bruto, operativo y  neto influye positivamente en los resultados empresariales de estas empresas del sector construcción.
Carbon emission allowance price forecasting for China Guangdong carbon emission exchange via the neural network
Authors: Jin Bingzi , Xu Xiaojie
Published: July 2024

Carbon emission allowance price forecasting is a significant issue for policy makers and investors with the world transitioning to green energy and devoting enormous efforts to be more sustainable. This study explores usefulness of the nonlinear autoregressive neural network for this forecasting problem in a dataset of daily closing prices of carbon emission allowances traded in China Guangdong Carbon Emission Exchange during 19 December 2013–20 August 2021. Through examining various model settings across the algorithm, delay, hidden neuron, and data splitting ratio, the model leading to generally accurate and stable performance is reached. Usefulness of the machine learning technique for the price forecasting problem of the carbon emission allowance price is illustrated. Results here might be used on a standalone basis as technical forecasts or combined with fundamental forecasts to form perspectives of price trends and perform policy analysis, which could better assist different stakeholders in understanding energy cost and planning for green transition.
Three poems from Lorca to the Umpteenth Power
Authors: Cassells Cyrus
Published: July 2024

three poems by Cyrus Cassells
Photo by Eyoel Kahssay
Ars Poetica From This Vale
Authors: Francis Vievee
Published: July 2024

a poem by Vievee Francis
Abandon
Authors: Francis Vievee
Published: July 2024

a poem by Vievee Francis
No Flowers but Inside
Authors: Francis Vievee
Published: July 2024

a poem by Vievee Francis
rhizomathematics
Authors: Shockley Evie
Published: July 2024

a poem by Evie Shockley
Kind Of Ars Poetica
Authors: Matejka Adrian
Published: July 2024

a poem by Adrian Matejka
Ode to Spring
Authors: Matejka Adrian
Published: July 2024

a poem by Adrian Matejka
Dearest,
Authors: Sáma Metta
Published: July 2024

a poem by Metta Sáma
Rose Dorothea
Authors: Blount Tommye
Published: July 2024

a poem by Tommye Blount
Annus Mirabilis: Your Silence Will Not Protect You
Authors: Wilson L. Lamar
Published: July 2024

a poem by L. Lamar Wilson
Photo by Thierry Jones
Flying Is Scarier When You Are Falling
Authors: Dargan Kyle
Published: July 2024

a poem by Kyle Dargan
Beginning of Terror
Authors: Reeves Roger
Published: July 2024

a poem by Roger Reeves
MacLeish/Oppenheimer, Trump, and the Conquest of America
Authors: Day Michael A. , Grieve-Carlson Gary
Published: July 2024

Archibald MacLeish (Pulitzer prize-winning poet/playwright) published his highly acclaimed essay “The Conquest of America” in the August 1949 Atlantic Monthly. His essay focused on an American crisis of national purpose, and central to his account is the importance of a national image for America. In particular, he called for a redeclaration of American purpose by appealing to a Jeffersonian “Revolution of the Individual.” MacLeish’s friend Robert Oppenheimer responded to his essay with high praise but also criticism. In this article, we use the MacLeish/ Oppenheimer exchange as a springboard for a discussion of the crisis of American democracy today exemplified by the election of Donald Trump. We take a synthetic approach, relying not simply on MacLeish/Oppenheimer but more importantly on contemporary scholars. We attempt to construct an American image with a realistic meaning for today. The image includes three interweaving political components—Liberal Democracy, Liberal Nationalism, Liberal Internationalism—complemented by America’s historical role as Democracy’s Vital Center. After sketching this national image, we discuss each component, touching on several contemporary issues as well as the general nature of the image in light of Trump and the current crisis of American democracy.
INCREASING THE TRANSPARENCY OF THE BUDGET PROCESS OF UKRAINE IN CURRENT CONDITIONS
Authors: Butenko V. V.
Published: July 2024

The transparency of the budget process is a guarantee of democratic governance and ensures the state's accountability to citizens. In Ukraine, a transparent budget mechanism is being implemented with the participation and active support of civil society.
In 2015, a single web portal for the use of public funds "Electronic data" became operational (in 2017, the portal went from test mode to official mode), which became an important tool in the fight against corruption.
An analogue of "Electronic data" is the search and analytical system “.007” — an accessible and easy-to-use web service for processing and convenient visual presentation of information on the use of state funds.
Also, the state web portal “Budget for citizens” (Open budget) is active and effectively implemented today. It is an official state portal with open data on public finances: state and local budgets. The portal presents a glossary of budget terms, provides information about the budget process and its participants, and presents indicators of state and local budgets.
The implementation of the principles of publicity and transparency guarantees a reliable budget, ensuring public trust in the state budget policy, and also increases revenues to the budgets of various levels and strengthens state control.
SOCIO-CULTURAL DETERMINANTS OF CONSUMER BEHAVIOR IN THE PHARMACEUTICAL MARKET OF UKRAINE
Authors: Robul Y. V. , Mazur O. E.
Published: July 2024

The research delves into an in-depth analysis of the socio-cultural determinants influencing consumer behavior within the burgeoning over-the-counter pharmaceuticals and personal care products market in Ukraine. The study uncovers nuanced differentiations in cultural dimensions, focusing particularly on individualism, long-term orientation, and indulgence, with a specific lens on the active consumer demographic aged 22-60. These distinctions are rooted in the profound significance that pharmaceutical products hold in maintaining the health and well-being of consumers, thereby amplifying the perceived risks entailed in decision-making processes, as evidenced by a propensity towards lower levels of individualism compared to the national average.
Central to the research is the revelation of the normative underpinnings characterizing the culture of pharmaceutical consumption, which stands in stark juxtaposition to the prevailing ambiguity observed in consumption behaviors across Ukraine. Moreover, the study sheds light on the conspicuous emphasis placed on criteria prioritizing immediate results and convenience in consumer selection, diverging significantly from the restrained consumption culture pervasive in Ukraine, typified by remarkably low levels of indulgence (IND).
Of particular intrigue are the paradoxes inherent within consumer behavior, notably the normative nature of consumption culture coexisting with a fervent desire for rapid efficacy. This duality underscores the complexities and intricacies inherent in the psyche of Ukrainian consumers navigating the over-the-counter pharmaceuticals and personal care products market.
In conclusion, the research not only offers invaluable insights into the socio-cultural determinants shaping consumer behavior but also serves as a springboard for prospective avenues of further exploration within this domain. By delving deeper into these cultural nuances and paradoxes, researchers can glean a more comprehensive understanding of consumer preferences, thereby facilitating more targeted marketing strategies and product development initiatives tailored to the unique dynamics of the Ukrainian market.
MARKETING APPROACHES TO LEAN PRODUCTION IN THE CONTEXT OF CONVERGENCE OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Sadchenko O. V.
Published: July 2024

The article considers the main issues of marketing approaches to lean production in the context of sustainable development. It highlights the theoretical and methodological foundations of forming a strategy for marketing systems and management technologies in the context of convergence. The marketing systems of economic growth are considered, taking into account systemic convergence. It is determined that the specificity of the marketing approach to lean production in the process of convergence reveals the impact on sustainable development. This will increase the range of professional skills and prospects for the growth of managerial competence related to environmental management as a key to the formation of an effective managerial career.
Economic and environmental models are considered, aspects of the mutual influence of the economy and the environment (ecology) are identified that will allow us to analyze the main directions of economic and environmentally balanced development. The criterion principle of economic-ecological models has always been the equivalent distribution of generated and sold values, as well as the need for resources for the reproduction of created values, or the equilibrium that develops on the basis of the relationship between supply and demand with all their possible specific forms and modifications in the conditions of environmentally sustainable development. For this reason, models built on this principle cover, either explicitly or implicitly, mainly the sphere of market relations. The concepts of equivalence, balance, efficiency reflect not only that part of economic benefits that is sold through the market, but also covers the entire universal spectrum of reproductive relations of the socio-economic-ecological system. It has been determined that in the context of convergence of sustainable development, marketing approaches to lean production have a significant impact on business efficiency, sustainability and compliance with modern market requirements.
The essence of the fact that marketing approaches to lean production in the context of the convergence of sustainable development is becoming an integral part of the strategy of companies striving for long-term sustainability, meeting customer needs and promoting sustainable development of society is revealed.
HITCH DEVICE MODERNIZATION FOR TRANSLOADING OF BALE CARGO
Authors: Kozar Leonid , Romanovych Yevhenii , Kravets Andrii , Babenko Andrii
Published: July 2024

The operation of unloading bales from a covered railway wagon is one of the most labor-intensive and dangerous operations when transporting bale cargo. The article proposes a  modernized outside-mounted load-handling device for a universal light-sized forklift. The device is a  mechanical equipment for transloading of bale cargo. The device includes a  push-pull attachment (a purchased part) on which a frame, a lever clamp and a hydraulic cylinder are mounted. Тtrolleys are installed on the forks of the loader. The trolley is equipped with a roller in the front part and a frame in the back part for longitudinal movement on the forks. The trolley also has a support for the movable  pusher plate and a grip for lifting the front edge of the bale. The trolleys are connected to the stationary pusher plate by a lever-type limiter. Before the start of gripping, the forklift is tilted  forward at an angle from 3 to 5°, the trolleys are in the most forward position and are supported by a  pusher. In this case, the rollers are in the position where they have moved off the forks. By moving the forklift forward, the trolley grips are inserted under the bale. The pusher is brought into the folded state. The loader moves forward, the noses of the forks abut against the roller and it rolls onto the  forks, lifting the front edge of the bale. The forks are fully inserted under the bale. The clamp comes into operation, holding the load on the forks. This  allows the bales to be removed from the stack and transported. The trolley was designed using CAD KOMPAS-3D. The proposed device is capable of  picking up bales stacked without gaps and can be used inside a covered  railway wagon. Commonly used side-clamp devices are not capable of this. The mathematical relation of the  required traction force of the loader on the geometric parameters of the trolley is derived. It has been established that  the required traction force is 60 to 70 % of the maximum traction force  achieved by light-sized forklifts with a lifting capacity of 1000 kg.
METHODOLOGY AND EXAMPLE OF CALCULATING THE RATIONAL RESOURCE OF AXIAL-PISTON HYDRAULIC MACHINES OF MOBILE EQUIPMENT
Authors: Voronin Serhii , Stefanov Volodymyr , Vasianovych Roman , Tryfonov Taras , Pivovarov Sergii
Published: July 2024

The article analyzes approaches for  creating models for optimizing the  durability of mobile machine units. On the basis of the selected model, in which the target function is the total  specific costs of purchasing the  machine and the costs of maintaining its working condition, a method of calculating the rational resource of axial-plunger hydraulic machines has been developed for the condition when the resource of the hydraulic machine is limited by the resource of only its plunger pairs. The methodology, built  on the basis of the chosen model for optimizing the durability of simple  technical systems, takes into account the patterns of wear of plunger pairs under certain operating conditions, and also takes into account the  proposed dependencies for calculating their total wear limit. The methodology consists of five consecutive operations, namely: determining the total marginal wear; obtaining experimental patterns of wear of plunger pairs over time in the form of regression equations; calculation of the number and  periodicity of technical maintenance of the hydraulic machine for the inter-repair cycle; calculation of the rational resource of the hydraulic machine.The results of the comparative  calculation of the rational resource of the adjustable axial-plunger pump 321.224 of the hydraulic system of the single-bucket excavator EO-3323 according to the developed method are also given.The total marginal wear of the pump was determined according to the criterion of reducing its efficiency, namely from the condition of a drop due to the wear of its volume  coefficient of useful action by 30 %.To obtain the patterns of wear of the pump's plunger pairs, the results of previous operational tests of the pump were used for two variants of its  lubrication: lubrication with ordinary hydraulic oil and lubrication with oil whose anti-wear properties are  activated by an external electric field.
   Specific costs for the purchase of the pump, which are included in the  durability optimization model in the form of depreciation deductions, were calculated for the inter-repair cycle. The specific costs of maintaining the working condition of the pump were equal to the costs of its maintenance, during which hydraulic oil and filters are replaced, that is, the pattern of wear of plunger pairs is returned to the starting point.
EXTRA FINE-GRAINED CONCRETE FROM WASTE OF MINING CONCENTRATION PLANT FOR CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTS
Authors: Plugin Andrii , Chaika Vitalii , Musienko Serhii , Najafov El'shad
Published: July 2024

The theoretical substantiation of the  production of especially fine-grained  concrete (EFC) from the waste of the Poltava Mining Concentration Plant as a fine-grained aggregate has been  performed. Its structure is  substantiated taking into account the contacts between the angular  aggregate grains, the possibility of  increasing strength by introducing  mineral fillers and microfillers with  particles 5 times smaller than the  aggregate grains and cement particles, respectively, is proved. The determination of the composition of EFC from the waste of the Poltava MCP was substantiated by determining and ensuring the optimal value of the coefficient of displacement of  aggregate grains by cement paste m  opt = 1.89 with the inclusion of dusty fractions of the aggregate. The optimal composition of EFC Aggregate :  Cement : Water = (3–3.15):1:0.5 with  mandatory use of superplasticizer additive to ensure W/C = 0.5 was determined and experimentally confirmed. The dependences of  compressive and tensile strength of  EFC on: type and content of  superplasticizer additives were  experimentally investigated; ratio of aggregate content to cement content;  microsilica content; pressing pressure. It was established that the maximum strength of EFC is achieved in the case  of the use of superplasticizers:  polycarboxylate 1.5 % or  sulfonaphthalinformaldehyde 1 % by  weight of cement. It was also  established that with the same A:C =  3:1 and W/C = 0.5, the strength of EFC  on the waste of Poltava MCP exceeds  the strength of fine-grained concrete on natural, especially fine-grained  sand: in compression - by 2 times, in tension - by 1.9 times and reaches 35  MPa at the age of 28 days. The addition of microsilica in the amount of up to 15 % of the mass of cement allows to  further increase the compressive strength by 44 %, and the tensile strength by 20 %. It is proposed to form EFC products by layer-by-layer pressing with a layer thickness of 5 mm. It was  experimentally established that the maximum strength is achieved at a pressing pressure of 12 MPa.
IMPACT OF LOADS ON LOCOMOTIVE MOTOR AXLE BEARINGS ON THE CONDITIONS OF FORMATION OF OIL FILM ON FRICTION SURFACES
Authors: Voronin Serhii , Stefanov Volodymyr , Komar Sergii , Savchenko Andrii , Hubin Oleksandr
Published: July 2024

During the active operation of locomotives, a significant portion of failures (up to 20 %) is attributed to the malfunction of  motor-axial bearings. This is due to the imperfection of the lubrication system of the motor-axial bearings, the proper  functioning of which largely depends on various factors such as climatic conditions, the level of wear of lubricating oil, and  lubrication devices, among others. There is a need to improve the existing lubrication systems for motor-axial sliding bearings. One of the methods to address this issue involves examining the factors influencing the lubrication process of the friction  surfaces of motor-axial bearings and the conditions of lubricant material supply. The article provides calculations of the loading  forces on the motor-axial bearings, their action vectors, and analyzes the impact of these  parameters on the ability to form an oil film on the friction surfaces of motor-axial bearings. To determine the magnitude of the load, technical specifications of the  locomotive were used, and the relationship between power usage and locomotive speed was analyzed. The study involved an  analysis of recent publications regarding the generation of contact pressure force between the contact surfaces of friction  pairs, the magnitude of which exceeds permissible limits, considered one of  the primary factors leading to bearing failure. Additionally, the existing bearing lubrication system used on the locomotive was analyzed, its shortcomings were identified, and  methods for addressing these issues were discussed. The calculations were performed for the 2TE116 locomotive with traction electric motors ED-118B, based on the operational  characteristics of the locomotive in the speed range of 0-80 km/h.
可再生能源技术在应对全球变暖现象和减少温室气体排放方面的贡献
Authors: Marouani Ismail
Published: July 2024

化石能源的使用是全球变暖（global warming，GW）的重要原因，占全球温室气体排放量的75%以上，约占所有二氧化碳排放量的90%。依靠可再生能源（renewable energy，RE）替代化石能源来减轻能源部门的碳排放至关重要。到2050年，可再生能源有可能消除发电行业中90%的碳排放，大大减少碳排放有助于减轻GW的影响。通过强调零排放的概念，可再生能源的未来变得充满希望，有可能取代化石燃料，到2050年将全球气温上升限制在1.5 ℃以内。本文探讨了可再生能源技术及其在多个领域的应用对减轻GW的作用，研究了支持可再生能源政策的趋势和成功案例，并探索了减轻气候变化影响和实现清洁能源未来的可用选项。此外，可再生能源为化石燃料提供了一种清洁和可持续的替代品，减少了对化石燃料的依赖并最大限度地减少了温室气体排放。本文还重点介绍了中国、美国、印度、德国等主要国家在开发和利用可再生能源方面所做的努力。这些国家的可再生能源战略反映了它们为当代和子孙后代的福祉而应对全球变暖和减少有害排放的承诺。
Pengaruh Alkitab terhadap Natal dan Implikasi Realitas Bisnis di Indonesia
Authors: Nole Otniel Aurelius , Setyawan Yusak Budi
Published: July 2024

Christians believe that Christmas is a season to glorify the birth of Jesus Christ. However, the Christmas celebration is an issue intertwined with business realities. Researchers argue that the influence of the Bible intersects with Christmas. Nevertheless, some people use Christmas as a field to implement businesses that seek huge profits for personal satisfaction, thus creating social problems on the other side. This research aimed to analyze the Bible’s influence at Christmas and its implications for business realities in Indonesia. This research used a qualitative research method based on a literature review from a sociology of religion perspective. Researchers used scientific articles, proceedings, and books related to the research variables. This research showed that the Bible does influence Christmas. However, the Christmas atmosphere has implications for business realities that give rise to the spirit of capitalism. In this case, the social problems that occur are pressure and suffering. In essence, Christians reconstruct and rethink the nature and meaning of Jesus Christ’s birth in the Bible. Researchers provide scientific solutions, namely the actualization of celebrating Christmas humanistically in Indonesia.
Harmonisasi Doktrin Tasawuf dan Al-Qur’an dalam Kitāb al-‘Ishq
Authors: Rohman Saifir
Published: July 2024

The tendency to bring Sufism closer to the main sources of Shari'a in Indonesian contexts began in the 17th century. One manuscript that strongly indicates this phenomenon is the Kitāb al-'Ishq (The Nature of Jamāl and Jalāl), DS 0012 00001, a Sufism text from the Kuningan area which is thought to have been written in the 18th–19th centuries. This philological study aims to reveal how Kitāb al-'Ishq contributed to promoting philosophical Sufism, in this case the doctrine of Nūr Muḥammad, which in fact is part of the doctrine of Martabat Tujuh. This study shows that Kitāb al-'Ishq has at least two important contributions. First, Kitāb al-'Ishq contributes to showing the harmony of Nūr Muḥammad's doctrine with the Shari'a, namely by providing a number of Qur'ānī arguments. From a number of arguments presented, it appears that this text is still connected to the thoughts of several previous Middle Eastern Sufi figures, such as Saḥl al-Tustarī, al-Qushayrī and 'Abd al-Qādir al-Jīlānī. Second, Kitāb al-'Ishq shows the author's efforts to ground his doctrine, namely by using metaphors and analogies that are popular among Indonesian people in explaining the concept of Nūr Muḥammad with the aim of making it easy to digest and acceptable. Its position in Kuningan proves that in the Indonesian context, the tendency to harmonize Sufism with the Al-Qur'an and Hadith does not only occur in the Sumatra region, but also in West Java.