bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hardly Pacific
Authors: Igler David
Published: February 2015

American culture has long associated the nineteenth-century U.S. frontier with episodes of violent death and random bloodshed. But what about the vast watery expanse west of the West? The Pacific Ocean contains its own violent past, especially during the period stretching from Captain James Cook's historic voyages to the California Gold Rush. The nature and degree of this violence stemmed not merely from contact relations between indigenous communities and newcomers, but more specifically from commercial desires, the diffusion of diseases, and the great hunt for marine mammals. Historicizing this violent past remains an imperative for new studies of the Pacific.
Effects of Advanced Paternal Age on Reproduction and Outcomes in Offspring
Authors: Abbas Hussein A. , El Rafei Rym , Charafeddine Lama , Yunis Khalid
Published: February 2015

The interest in parental aging and reproductive outcomes has increased significantly with the change in societal structure and age at family planning. Although the effect of advanced maternal age on obstetric and neonatal morbidities is well established, the effect of advanced paternal age needs additional exploration in association with adverse reproductive outcomes. Some studies suggest that the sperm of fathers with advanced age harbor germline mutations that influence reproductive, neonatal, and adult health outcomes of the progeny. Data on the contribution of advanced paternal age to spontaneous abortion, postconceptual age, birth weight, and neonatal mortality depends on the population and the design of the study. There is stronger evidence that advanced paternal age contributes significantly to congenital malformations and the health of the offspring in adolescence and adulthood with an increased risk of cancer, neurologic disorders, and cardiac diseases. In this review, we summarize the results of different studies that address the effect of advanced paternal age on reproductive outcomes and the origin of illnesses in adulthood. We also discuss possible mechanisms and theories behind these potential associations.
Inositol During Perinatal Transition
Authors: Hallman Mikko
Published: February 2015

myo-Inositol (inositol) is a common micronutrient. Its content is high in breast milk, especially in colostrum. However, it is not included in parenteral nutrition of extremely preterm infants. On the basis of a meta-analysis of 2 trials, addition of inositol to parenteral nutrition or to enteral feeding decreased the risk of retinopathy of prematurity. During the presurfactant era, inositol additionally increased survival without serious pulmonary morbidity. Placenta is active in inositol synthesis, and the fetus reuses inositol secreted to amniotic fluid. As a result of loss of inositol to urine and inositol metabolism, the plasma half-life in very preterm infants shortly after birth is 5.5 hours. In the absence of inositol intake, 10% to 20% of total body inositol may be lost within 24 hours. Some preterm infants may be born with a deficient inositol pool (eg, prolonged rupture of fetal membranes). Mice that have a single-gene defect in inositol metabolism succumb at term birth despite apparently near-normal antenatal development. Pathologic features include dysfunction of the respiratory center, severe neuropathy, closure of pulmonary air spaces, defect in osteoblasts, and deformation of bones. All severe defects are preventable by antenatal and neonatal inositol supplementation. According to experimental results, inositol supplementation augments the efficacy of antenatal glucocorticoid for acceleration of lung maturity. The effect of inositol deficiency on the development of retina has not been studied in the experimental setting. Administration of inositol in small preterm infants shortly after birth appears to be safe. However, data are limited on the efficacy of inositol supplementation in the intensive care unit setting. Antenatal inositol supplementation in very high-risk pregnancies remains to be studied.
The Use of MRI as a Technique for Hydrophilic Polymer Swelling Characterization
Authors: Gajdošová Michaela , Sarvašová Nina , Pěček Daniel , Štěpánek František
Published: February 2015

The advantage of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is mainly the direct visualization of the physico-chemical processes occurring during the polymer dissolution in real time. Nowadays, polymeric matrices as a means to control the release of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) are widely used. Hence it seems necessary to describe the polymer swelling and find the relationship between the type of used polymer and the dissolution profile of API.

The aim of our research was to monitor the dissolution kinetics of polymeric matrices with the different ratio of hydrophilic and lipophilic components utilizing MRI technology. For this purpose, six different matrices were prepared. For the dissolution experiments in MRI magnet, plastic flow through cell and tablet holder were designed and manufactured using a 3-D printer. The experiments were performed under specific conditions i.e. phosphate buffer saline pH 6 as a medium, medium temperature - 37°C, the flow rate of medium - 4 ml/min, the time of experiment - 8 hours. To improve the visibility of the erosion front, composite magnetic nanoparticles SiO2/FeOx as a MRI contrast agent were used. Each matrix was measured three times and the thickness of gel layer was evaluated in three different regions. Results from MRI experiments were compared to the results obtained by utilizing the texture analyzer, and then the relationship between polymer swelling and drug release was evaluated.

To sum up, MRI turned out to be a suitable imaging method for polymer swelling quantification. For the future measurements, the effect of different additives on the polymer swelling kinetics will be evaluated. The results from the whole research should lead to the database of matrix components and conditions of technological processes and their effects on the dissolution profile of API, thus simplifying the formulation of dosage forms with the desired drug release.
Volume-dependent hemodynamic effects of blood collection in canine donors - evaluation of 13% and 15% of total blood volume depletion
Authors: FERREIRA RUI R.F. , GOPEGUI RAFAEL R. , MATOS AUGUSTO J.F. DE
Published: February 2015

Background: There is no consensus regarding the blood volume that could be safely donated by dogs, ranging from 11 to 25% of its total blood volume (TBV). No previous studies evaluated sedated donors.Aim: To evaluate the hemodynamic effects of blood collection from sedated and non-sedated dogs and to understand if such effects were volume-dependent.Materials and Methods: Fifty three donations of 13% of TBV and 20 donations of 15% TBV were performed in dogs sedated with diazepam and ketamine. Additionally, a total of 30 collections of 13% TBV and 20 collections of 15% TBV were performed in non-sedated dogs. Non-invasive arterial blood pressures and pulse rates were registered before and 15 min after donation. Results: Post-donation pulse rates increased significantly in both sedated groups, with higher differences in the 15% TBV collections. Systolic arterial pressures decreased significantly in these groups, while diastolic pressures increased significantly in 13% TBV donations. Non-sedated groups revealed a slight, but significant, SBP decrease. No clinical signs related to donations were registered.Conclusion: These results suggest that the collection of 15% TBV in sedated donors induces hemodynamic variations that may compromise the harmlessness of the procedure, while it seems to be a safe procedure in non-sedated dogs.
O discurso perverso
Authors: Queiroz Edilene Freire de
Published: February 2015

É consenso que o laço social, hoje, se organiza em uma montagem perversa. Não temos mais um mestre que governe as ações, as organizações familiares não se organizam em torno do poder paterno, vivemos um tempo da feminilização da cultura e numa lógica capitalista. O discurso capitalista não exige a renúncia pulsional, ao contrário, ele instiga o usufruto do gozo e o outro é reduzido a objeto. Isso determinou uma mudança na economia pulsional, na forma de cada um lidar com a realidade externa, que passou a ser mutante, e na fenomenologia discursiva. O gozo na linguagem está em mostrar com a palavra, em produzir um discurso imagético.
"Vou pintar o terror!": "Pois bem, veja então isso!"
Authors: Barros Paula Cristina Monteiro de , Frej Nanette Zmeri , Melo Maria de Fátima Vilar de
Published: February 2015

A errância do adolescente em situação de rua reflete uma segregação social perversa, marcada pela destituição simbólica e pela mutilação social. Em meio ao despedaçamento e ao desamparo, um adolescente enuncia e ameaça: "Vou pintar o terror!". Uma violência que ora se apresenta como um reflexo do organismo ora ancora-se num esboço de discurso endereçado ao Outro, numa tentativa de inscrição. Partimos de uma experiência clínico-institucional (Olinda, PE) e propomos situar, na radicalidade da violência, uma tentativa de enodamento entre o ato e o apelo ao Outro.
A perversão no território: os efeitos do desmentido
Authors: Lima Filho Ivo de Andrade , Facundes Vera Lúcia Dutra
Published: February 2015

Este artigo discute os efeitos do desmentido (Verleugnung) do perverso sobre o outro, a coletividade, destacando seus possíveis endereçamentos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa ação realizada em uma unidade de Saúde da Família em Recife (PE). Os participantes foram agentes comunitárias de saúde em grupos reflexivos. Problematizou-se um fragmento clínico em que uma criança era abusada por um perverso. Destacou-se a necessidade de uma intervenção para barrar o gozo do perverso e libertar a criança.
Perversion maternelle et troubles du comportement de l'enfant: l'exemple de Dylan, objet du caprice de sa mère
Authors: Martin-Lavaud Virginie
Published: February 2015

À partir d'une situation clinique, nous analysons en quoi les troubles dits du comportement de l'enfant viennent répondre à une position psychique perverse maternelle. Nous mettons l'accent sur la notion de fantasme maternel œdipien mis en acte et questionnons la position d'objet fétiche de l'enfant. Nous montrons notamment que le statut des actes du sujet pris dans le non-sens et la tromperie, objet du caprice maternel, désigne un désir inscrit hors la loi phallique et que cette inscription est en soi perverse. Elle explique que l'enfant n'a alors pas d'autre alternative que de devenir lui-même clivé et hors sens.
Violências "sutis": jovens e grupos de pares na escola
Authors: Libardi Suzana Santos , Castro Lucia Rabello de
Published: February 2015

Este trabalho trata das expressões "sutis" de violência que ocorrem entre os jovens na convivência em grupos de pares na escola. Foi realizada uma pesquisa empírica em duas escolas do Rio de Janeiro para conhecer os atos "sutis" de violência e qual a relação destes frente às normas da escola e as normas de convivência grupal – instituídas pelos próprios grupos de amigos. As análises dos resultados da pesquisa discutem o processo de naturalização das violências "sutis" e verificou-se que o revanchismo entre os grupos está intimamente relacionado às regras de convivência grupal e à inclusão ou permanência no grupo. A postura dos professores variou entre a negligência e a criminalização dos conflitos entre os estudantes, evidenciando como os adultos delimitam seus modos de intervenção junto aos jovens na escola hoje. Conclui-se que as possibilidades da geração mais nova de construir seu ethos de convivência se encontram severamente circunscritas à dinâmica de seu grupo de pares.
Subjetividade, alteridade e desamparo nos tempos atuais
Authors: Rocha Tiago Humberto Rodrigues , Paravidini João Luiz Leitão , Silva Júnior Nelson da
Published: February 2015

Este trabalho vai ao encontro do que foi realizado ao longo da teoria freudiana: contextualizar o homem em sua ordem social circundante e pensar as relações que se estabelecem na configuração do laço social. O objetivo é refletir sobre as possibilidades de outras articulações metapsicológicas, que permitam compreender a relação dos dispositivos contemporâneos criados para lidar com odesamparo, e as implicações de seu uso recorrente na condição desejante.Para tanto, nos deteremos a propósito das tensões entre as três instâncias do aparelho psíquico: id, ego e superego. Analisando as relações que estruturam o laço social, conseguimos repensar proposições psicanalíticas consagradas, tais como alteridade, desejo, pulsão e seus destinos.
O Estado, a política liberal e a biopolítica
Authors: França Sonia Aparecida Moreira , Zanetti Fernando Luiz
Published: February 2015

Nesse ensaio, problematizamos ações da política liberal e suas relações com oEstado. Ao considerar algumas de suas proposições, questionamos a quaisrelações de poder essa prática social responde. Em que circunstâncias ela se interessa pelo governo dos homens? A partir do estudo das práticas intituladas como filantropia empresarial podemos indicar algumas estratégias e táticas dessa política. Entre as quais destacamos: a construção do Estado Moderno, a elaboração das diversas técnicas de controle social e as mudanças de foco com relação às análises das forças produtivas do capitalismo, que passaram a intervir nas curvas de normalidade econômica imanentes aos fenômenos da população.
Crescimento inicial da cultura da soja em Latossolo Bruno com diferentes graus de compactação
Authors: Silva Franciani Rodrigues da , Albuquerque Jackson Adriano , Costa André da
Published: February 2015

A compactação do solo é um dos principais fatores que altera a qualidade do solo e o crescimento das culturas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o grau de compactação que restringe o crescimento da cultura da soja num Latossolo Bruno alumínico típico. O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação. O solo utilizado foi coletado no município de Guarapuava, PR, na camada de 0-20 cm. Esse possuía 570 g kg-1 de argila, 370 g kg-1 de silte e 60 g kg-1 de areia. Foi compactado para obtenção das densidades do solo de 0,90; 0,96; 1,02; 1,08; 1,14; 1,20; e 1,27 kg dm-3, correspondendo a graus de compactação entre 75 e 105 %, que foram determinados pela relação entre a densidade do solo atual e a densidade do solo máxima, obtida pelo ensaio de Proctor Normal. Durante o período de cultivo da soja avaliaram-se o crescimento radicular e a parte aérea, além da evapotranspiração diária. Aos 60 dias após a emergência, determinou-se a massa seca da parte aérea e das raízes. Qualquer aumento no grau de compactação acima de 75 % reduz o crescimento das raízes na camada compactada; entretanto, as raízes não crescem quando o grau de compactação é igual ou superior a 105 %. Quando o grau de compactação é superior a 82 %, a altura das plantas diminui e quando é superior a 87 e 93 % reduz respectivamente a massa da matéria seca da parte aérea e a evapotranspiração. Assim, o grau de compactação restritivo à cultura da soja depende do atributo que está sendo avaliado.
Estimation of field capacity from ring infiltrometer-drainage data
Authors: Ottoni Filho Theophilo Benedicto , Ottoni Marta Vasconcelos , Oliveira Muriel Batista de , Macedo José Ronaldo de
Published: February 2015

Field capacity (FC) is a parameter widely used in applied soil science. However, its in situ method of determination may be difficult to apply, generally because of the need of large supplies of water at the test sites. Ottoni Filho et al. (2014) proposed a standardized procedure for field determination of FC and showed that such in situ FC can be estimated by a linear pedotransfer function (PTF) based on volumetric soil water content at the matric potential of -6 kPa [θ(6)] for the same soils used in the present study. The objective of this study was to use soil moisture data below a double ring infiltrometer measured 48 h after the end of the infiltration test in order to develop PTFs for standard in situ FC. We found that such ring FC data were an average of 0.03 m³ m- 3 greater than standard FC values. The linear PTF that was developed for the ring FC data based only on θ(6) was nearly as accurate as the equivalent PTF reported by Ottoni Filho et al. (2014), which was developed for the standard FC data. The root mean squared residues of FC determined from both PTFs were about 0.02 m³ m- 3. The proposed method has the advantage of estimating the soil in situ FC using the water applied in the infiltration test.
Eficiência agronômica de fosfatos de rocha em solo com elevado teor de cálcio trocável
Authors: Souza Richard Matos de , Sobral Lafayette Franco , Viégas Pedro Roberto Almeida , Oliveira Junior Adilson de , Carvalho Maria da Conceição Santana
Published: February 2015

No Brasil, a maioria dos trabalhos sobre a aplicação de fosfatos de rocha foi realizada em solos do Cerrado com pH menor que 5,5 e baixos teores de Ca trocável. Estudos em condições diferentes dessa, além de raros, têm sido desestimulados, pois esses solos podem apresentar-se restritivos à dissolução dessas fontes, a depender da espécie cultivada e da natureza geológica do fosfato aplicado. Um experimento para estudar a eficiência agronômica dos fosfatos de Bayóvar e Itafós, aplicados por meio da adubação corretiva, foi implantado em um Cambissolo Háplico Ta eutrófico vertissólico de elevado teor de Ca trocável e pH 6. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos ao acaso com parcelas subdivididas em faixas e quatro repetições. As parcelas consistiam de três tratamentos de fosfatagem, na dose de 200 kg ha-1 de P2O5, com o Fosfato Natural Reativo de Bayóvar, o Fosfato de Rocha Itafós e o superfosfato triplo (fonte de referência), além de um tratamento-padrão sem correção de P. As subparcelas correspondiam aos três níveis de adubação de manutenção (0, 60 e 120 kg ha-1 de P2O5) aplicados anualmente no sulco de semeadura, utilizando superfosfato triplo. Cultivou-se milho nos dois anos em que o experimento foi conduzido (2011 e 2012). No período avaliado, a produtividade de grãos e o teor de P foliar do milho indicaram menores necessidades de reposição de P, por meio das doses de manutenção, conforme maior era a solubilidade da fonte corretiva aplicada. Tanto Mehlich-1 quanto a Resina de Troca Iônica Mista removeram mais P dos tratamentos em que foram aplicados fosfatos de rocha em relação ao tratamento onde foi aplicado o superfosfato triplo via adubação corretiva. Quando aplicados de maneira isolada (dose 0 de manutenção), os índices de eficiência agronômica dos fosfatos de rocha foram de 72,08 e 82,31% para o Bayóvar e de 43,85 e 47,47% para o Itafós nos anos de 2011 e 2012, respectivamente. No período avaliado, os tratamentos de maior economicidade foram a fosfatagem com o superfosfato triplo nas doses de manutenção de 0 e 60 kg ha-1 de P2O5 e a com o fosfato reativo de Bayóvar, nas doses de 60 e 120 kg ha-1 de P2O5.
Effect of potassium sources on the antioxidant activity of eggplant¹
Authors: Marques Douglas José , Broetto Fernando , Ferreira Mozart Martins , Lobato Allan Klynger da Silva , Ávila Fabricio William de , Pereira Fabricio José
Published: February 2015

Potassium participates in the essential processes in plant physiology, however, the effects of K sources on plant metabolism have been little studied. Also, in certain cases, K sources and concentrations may cause undesirable effects, e.g., soil salinization. The objective was to evaluate the effect of K sources and levels on the enzyme activity of the antioxidant system and protein content in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) leaves and to determine the most suitable K sources for these physiological characteristics. The experiment was conducted in randomized blocks, in a 2 × 4 factorial design, consisting of two K sources (KCl and K2SO4) and rates (250, 500, 750, and 1000 kg ha-1 K2O), with four replications. The following variables were evaluated: plant height, number of leaves per plant, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and leaf protein content. There was an increase in CAT activity with increasing K levels until 30 days after transplanting (DAT), when K2SO4 was applied and until 60 DAT, when KCl was used; after this period, the enzyme activity decreased under both sources. The activity of SOD increased in the presence of KCl, but was reduced with the application of K2SO4. For both K sources, increasing rates reduced the protein content and number of leaves per plant, and this reduction was greater under KCl application. Thus it was concluded that KCl tends more strongly to salinize the soil than K2SO4. Both for KCl and for K2SO4, the increasing rates adversely affected the activities of CAT and SOD and the levels of leaf protein in eggplant. The potential of KCl to reduce the enzyme activity of SOD and CAT, leaf protein content and plant growth of eggplant was stronger than that of K2SO4.
Use of legal reserve areas as geochemical background in hydrosedimentology studies¹
Authors: Juchen Carlos Roberto , Vilas Boas Márcio Antônio , Poleto Cristiano , Macedo Maurício
Published: February 2015

In hydrosedimentology studies the determination of the trace element concentrations at the study site is imperative, since this background can be used to assess the enrichment of sediments with these elements. This enrichment can be the result of the natural process of geological formation or of anthropogenic activities. In the latter case, guidelines are used to indicate the concentrations at which trace elements cause ecotoxicity effects on the environment. Thus, this study used legal reserve areas in the municipality of Toledo, PR, where natural forests are maintained, with no or minimal human interference to establish background levels. The results of atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled argon plasma showed that the legal reserves have lower levels of trace elements than other theoretical references, but equivalent concentrations to the safety levels recommended by international guidelines. It was concluded that determining values is fundamental to recommend this background as scientific database for research in the area of hydrosedimentology of this site and also as a way of environmental management of the watershed of this municipality.
Peroxidação lipídica em cabras com anemia e doença respiratória tratadas com ferro por via parenteral
Authors: Santos Renata L. dos , Botteon Rita de Cássia C.M. , Botteon Paulo de Tarso L. , Lopes Natália L.
Published: February 2015

Objetivou-se avaliar a progressão da doença e o dano oxidativo em cabras com anemia e doença respiratória mediante aplicação de ferro parenteral. Foram estudadas seis cabras, adultas, com parâmetros eritrocitários indicativos e anemia e manifestações de doença respiratória (tosse, espirros e secreção nasal). O grupo controle foi composto por seis cabras adultas, sadias. As cabras de ambos os grupos após serem submetidos à avaliação clínica receberam dose similar (0,5g) de hidróxido férrico em complexo dextrânico, por via intramuscular. Amostras de sangue colhidas com EDTA, antes da aplicação do ferro e 48 horas depois foram utilizadas para determinação da concentração de substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS). Nas cabras doentes antes da aplicação do ferro os valores de TBARS foram equivalentes aos valores mensurados nos controles antes e após a aplicação do ferro (p>0,05). Os valores mensurados nas cabras doentes foram muito mais elevados (p<0,001) no mesmo grupo de animais depois da aplicação do ferro e nos controles antes e após a aplicação. A aplicação do ferro agravou a condição clinica dos animais com doença respiratória, sendo evidenciada uma condição de toxidade refletida pelo estresse oxidativo. Assim sendo, não se deve recomendar tal suplementação nos caprinos acometidos de doenças do aparelho respiratório.
Uterine lymphangiography: comparison of two methods for locating the medial iliac lymph node
Authors: Justino Rebeca C. , Cardoso Guilherme S. , Trautwein Luiz G.C. , Dessunti Gabriel T. , Oliveira Deise V. , Bernardes Rafael , Martins Maria Isabel M.
Published: February 2015

Different methods for lymphatic mapping in dogs, such as infusing tissues with vital dyes or radioactive substances, have been studied, aiming at the early detection of lymph node metastasis. Thus, one could anticipate therapeutic measures and, consequently, prolong the survival and improve the quality of life of the patients. The objectives of this experiment were to locate the nodes responsible for draining the uterine body and horns and to try to establish the relationship between the uterus and the medial iliac lymph nodes to contribute to the early diagnosis and prognosis of uterine disorders. We studied 15 female dogs divided into two groups (5 dead and 10 intraoperative ovariohysterectomy bitches). The dye used was patent blue V (Patent Bleu V®). It was observed that the iliac lymph node chain receives much of the uterine (horns) drainage. This method should be considered for safer studies of uterine sanity. This information suggests that evaluating these lymph nodes will allow correlating changes in their physiological status with uterine pathologies.
Selenium and vitamin E enriched diet increases NK cell cytotoxicity in cattle
Authors: Latorre Andréia O. , Greghi Gisele F. , Netto Arlindo Saran , Fukumasu Heidge , Balieiro Júlio C. , Côrrea Lisia B. , Zanetti Marcus A.
Published: February 2015

A number of studies has shown that antioxidants, fatty acids and trace minerals may modulate different immune cell activities, and that their deficiency may be associated with diseases and impaired immune responses. In innate immunity, natural killer (NK) cells have a central role, killing virally infected and cancerous cells, and also secreting cytokines that shape adaptive immune responses. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of enriched diets in selenium plus vitamin E and/or canola oil on complete blood count and on NK cell cytotoxicity from blood lymphocytes of Nellore bulls. Bulls that received selenium plus vitamin E had (P=0.0091) higher NK cell cytotoxicity than control bulls. This result positively correlated with serum selenium levels. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that showed immunostimulatory effects of selenium plus vitamin E on NK cell cytotoxicity of Nellore bulls.
Um causo, um povo, uma televisão: formas análogas
Authors: Carneiro Ana
Published: February 2015

Com foco na circulação de prosa do povo dos Buracos, ao norte de Minas Gerais, exploro a articulação entre os termos "povo" e "causo", com ênfase no último. Os causos - dizem os buraqueiros - ensinam sobre o povo. Com o intuito de tratar ambos os termos como conceitos nativos, questiono: Que espécie de conhecimento é conceituado pelo causo? Que forma de pensamento ele efetua sobre aquele povo? O que é um causo, afinal? Não se trata de buscar delimitações para esta forma narrativa, pois ela pode consistir tanto em frases curtas quanto em preleções de horas. Investigo, antes, as suas práticas criativas, isto é, as conversas triviais e as configurações relacionais contingentes das quais o causo surge. Descrevo como o narrador, ao contar sobre o povo, cria, qualifica, aproxima ou distancia as relações entre ele, os narrados e os ouvintes, atuando em um constante movimento de transformação do arranjo em que se constitui o povo. Por fim, analiso "o causo da televisão de dona Bibi" à luz das reflexões ora mencionadas.
Itaipu reservoir limnology: eutrophication degree and the horizontal distribution of its limnological variables
Authors: Ribeiro Filho RA. , Petrere Junior M. , Benassi SF. , Pereira JMA.
Published: February 2015

Reservoirs are manmade habitats, intermediate between rivers and lakes, presenting distinct hydrological and morphometric characteristics, with differential mean water residence time. They also present proper vertical and horizontal organisations, and their evolution depends on several variables acting on different special and temporal scales. The water quality evolution of the Itaipu Reservoir was evaluated through the analysis of the physical, chemical and biological variables, and by the application of Trophic State Indices. We concluded that the limnological variables present a horizontal pattern of variation highly dependent upon the hydrological regime. The turbidity and total suspended solids presented the same distribution pattern in the reservoir zones. The fluvial zone had the highest concentrations of nutrients, suspended solids and turbidity. The results of the Trophic State Indices indicate a mesotrophic level for the fluvial and transition zones, and an oligotrophic one for the lacustrine zone.
Assessment of environmental quality through analysis of frequency of the black spot disease in an assemblage of fish, Guaíba lake, RS, Brazil
Authors: Flores-Lopes F. , Thomaz AT.
Published: February 2015

The frequency of the black spot disease caused by digenetic trematodes in fish was tested as an indicator of the quality of water in the watershed of Lake Guaíba. Samples were standardised and quarterly made using a seine net at eleven sites in the basin. A total of 53,408 individuals of 66 specimens pertaining to 22 families and 8 orders were collected and analysed. The highest frequency of the disease was found in Astyanax fasciatus. The simple Chi-Squared test applied to the species showed statistically significant frequency of occurrence for three sampled sites. Two of these sites showed the highest frequencies for two consecutive sampling periods of one year and the best levels of water quality. Results of this study suggest that the association between high frequency of infestation by a parasite that causes the black spot disease in fish, and environments with less degradation in water quality, recorded from physical, chemicals and microbiological variables, could be used as an indicator of water quality in these environments.
Under the Berlin sky. Candomblé on German shores
Authors: Bahia Joana
Published: February 2015

Migratory phenomena produce ethnicities, and a number of migratory studies consider the representation of identities created by individuals and groups by their cultural symbols. This study analyzes the cultural and religious dimension of migration, using as an example the Brazilian community in Germany, and the way in which it reconfigures the local religious field. In this study we look at the ethnic symbols in the religious field, based upon fieldwork begun in 2009, which analyses the importance of the Candomblé terreiro or temple, Ilê Obá Silekê in the city of Berlin. I seek to understand how the construction of the terreiro is important in the production of symbols related to Brazilian culture, and how these are perceived by local society.
Recomposing the Nation. Conceptions and effects of heritage preservation in religious universes
Authors: Giumbelli Emerson
Published: February 2015

This article seeks to contribute to the field of studies that, inspired in debates about ethnicity, discusses the forms and components of the notion of nationality. How and with what elements is "Brazilian culture" constituted? This question guides the study of landmark designation processes conducted by the National Artistic and Historical Heritage Institute, a federal agency operating since 1937. Considering landmark designation as a form of official recognition of a site as "cultural heritage", the article reflects on the impact of this policy on two religious universes: Catholicism and Afro-Brazilian religions. The conclusions point to distinct forms of recognition of religious universes and to transformations in ways of conceiving nationality
The Effect of Cleft Size in Infants with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate on Mixed Dentition Dental Arch Relationship
Authors: Russell Lisa M. , Long Ross E. , Romberg Elaine
Published: February 2015

Objective

To determine the relationship between infant cleft size and dental arch relationship in the mixed dentition in patients with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate.

Design

Retrospective analysis of mixed longitudinal records.

Patients

A total of 29 consecutively enrolled patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate participated in a longitudinal study that included dental casts prior to lip surgery (T1: age 1 month), prior to palate surgery (T2: age 10 months), and in mixed dentition (T3: age 9 years).

Interventions

All infants were managed with lip repair (2.5 months), hard palate repair (12 months), and soft palate repair (16 months) but without any presurgical orthopedic treatment and no orthodontic intervention prior to mixed dentition records.

Main Outcome Measures

The outcome measures included determination of an infant cleft severity ratio, defined as the ratio of palatal cleft area to palatal surface area, at both T1 and T2, and the 9-year-old (T3) dental arch relationship as determined using the GOSLON Yardstick. The correlation between the infant cleft severity ratio at T1 and T2 and the later GOSLON Yardstick score at T3 was determined using Pearson r. The intrarater reliability of the infant cleft severity ratio was assessed with Pearson r and the interrater reliability of the GOSLON Yardstick ratings, by weighted kappa.

Results

Reliability for the infant cleft severity ratio method was r = .92 to .95, and for GOSLON ratings κ = .81 to .91. There was no significant correlation between 1-month infant cleft severity ratio and GOSLON ( r = .3) and 10-month infant cleft severity ratio and GOSLON ( r = .1).

Conclusions

Cleft size versus the amount of palatal tissue available for repair and concern over more scarring with a greater infant cleft severity ratio were not factors in affecting the eventual dental arch relationship.
Drama: a novel evaluation tool
Authors: Costa C. , Paula E. , Macedo D. V.
Published: February 2015

Abstract of the panel presented at the annual meeting of SBBQ (1994).
A suitable procedure to get mitochondria for undergraduate practical courses
Authors: Alvez et al. A. A.
Published: February 2015

Abstract of the panel presented at the event ( attached) .
Improving secondary level students`conceptions about the nature os science
Authors: Friedrich M. P. , Rodrigues P. S. , De Meis Leopoldo
Published: February 2015

Abstract of the panel presented at the annual meeting of SBBQ (1996).
Correlations between students` preferences and Brazilian science research
Authors: Lannes D. , Leta J. , De Meis Leopoldo
Published: February 2015

Abstract of the panel presented at the annual meeting of SBBQ (1996).
ICTERUS - A computer-based-learning for porphirins and bilirrubin metabolism
Authors: Nadruz Jr et al. W.
Published: February 2015

Abstract of the panel presented at the SBBq annual meeting (see attached).
Pedagogic training of graduate students
Authors: Macedo D. V. , De Paula E. , Torres Bayardo Baptista
Published: February 2015

Abstract of the panel presented at the SBBq annual meeting (see the attachment).
Research activities and demographic profile os students receiving undergratuate research training (URT) in Biophisics and Biochemistry at Federal University
Authors: Aguiar et al. L. C.C>
Published: February 2015

Abstract of the panel presented at the SBBq annual meeting (see the attachment).
The national budget for Science and Technology in Brazil
Authors: Oliveira P. L. , Machado R. C.P.
Published: February 2015

Abstract of the panel presented at the SBBq annual meeting (see Attachment).
Utilizing the internet as a support for Biochemistry teaching
Authors: Nunes V. P. , Torres Bayardo Baptista
Published: February 2015

Abstract of the panel presented at the SBBq annual meeting (see Attachment).
The ideal school according to students and teacher
Authors: Lannes D. , Deus G. M.G. , De Meis L.
Published: February 2015

Abstract of the panel presented at the SBBq annual meeting (see Attachment).
The fate of the "Big Mac": a teaching aid for Biochemistry
Authors: Correia et al. M. T.S.
Published: February 2015

Abstract of the panel presented at the SBBq annual meeting (see attachament).
Impact of Biochemistry and molecular Biology area on postgraduation course strictu sensu in phamaceutical science of Federal University of Rio de Janeiro-UFRJ-Brazil
Authors: Garrido et al. Rodrigo Grazinoli
Published: February 2015

Abstract of the panel presented at the SBBq annual meeting (see attachament).
Are the industrial investiments on research and development efficiente?
Authors: Machado R. C.P. , Oliveira P. L.
Published: February 2015

Abstract of the panel presented at the SBBq annual meeting (see attachament).
Zuckepiltz - A successful history
Authors: Cardoso C. A. , Kurtenbach E.
Published: February 2015

Abstract of the panel presented at the SBBq annual meeting (see attachament).
A new educational software on affinity chromatography
Authors: Marson G. A. , Torres Bayardo Baptista
Published: February 2015

Abstract of the panel presented at the SBBq annual meeting (see attachament).
Learning markers of cardiac damage disciplines on pharmacy graduate program at the Federal University of Santa Catarina (PPGFAR/ UFSC): The impact of Biochemistry knowledge by students perception
Authors: Machado M. J. , Rovaris M. L. , Falkenberg M.
Published: February 2015

Abstract of the panel presented at the SBBq annual meeting (see attachament).
Teaching training of Biochemistry teachers in undergraduate health courses in São Paulo Universities
Authors: Silva I. F. , Batista N. A.
Published: February 2015

Abstract of the panel presented at the SBBq annual meeting (see attachament).
Protein structure teaching - boring or exciting
Authors: Villas-Boas et al. M.
Published: February 2015

Abstract of the panel presented at the SBBq annual meeting (see attachament).
Transfer of scientific knowledge from the university to the society
Authors: Ometto-Nascimento et al. T. A.
Published: February 2015

Abstract of the panel presented at the SBBq annual meeting (see attachament).
Instructional Software for Biochemistry Education
Authors: Guilherme Andrade Marson
Published: February 2015

In the last decades the world has witnessed a revolution in the expansion and access to knowledge, whi-ch has dramatically changed the relationship between labor and production. According to UNESCO(United Nations Educational, Scientical and Cultural Organization) and ILO (International LaborOrganization), in the of information it is fundamental that Higher Education Institutes educate pro-fessionals capable to update their knowledge in the course of professional life. The so-called life-longlearning s pointed out as a request for creating and maintaining jobs, and for supporting the develop-ment of nations as well. In such context, Biochemistry is a eld of knowledge which has outstandinglyexpanded its boundaries. Preparing the next generation of biochemists for the age of informationrequires the development of cognitive skills as an essential educational goal concerning graduationcourses, which have been historically limited to the exposition of contents. The achievement of suchobjective depends on many factors, including the development of suitable instructional materials thatcan improve the teaching and learning experience. This conference deals with the development ofinstructional software at the crossroad of Educational research, Informatics and Biochemistry. Theinvestigative approach leading to the development and improvement of instructional software for Bi-ochemical education will be discussed on the basis of the following issues: i) motivating questionsto software development - teaching and learning problems; ii) development of digital content: speci-c content, interface and interactivity; iii) evaluation of the software s instructional eciency; iv)examples of softwares which have been conceived according to the discussed methodology.
Are tutor-students capable of writing good biochemistry exams?
Authors: Alexandre B. Sé , Passos Renato M. , Hermes-Lima Marcelo
Published: February 2015

In a previous article we described the relevance of student seminars for the learning process of appliedbiochemistry for medical and nutrition students (Hermes-Lima et al., Biochem. Mol.Biol.Educ. 30:30-34,2002). First semester students of a basic biochemistry course (BioBio) are divided in 10 groupsof 5 members, and each group is assigned to a specic topic (diabetes, cholesterol, etc) under thesupervision of a tutor-student. The tutors have already coursed BioBio and are currently undertakingan advanced biochemistry course. In order to evaluate the learning of applied biochemistry for BioBiostudents a true or false exam (TFE) is performed. This exam is made of 50 questions (5 on eachtopic) elaborated by the tutors under the supervision of the teacher. The TFE corresponds to 10percent of the grade of BioBio and focus on clinical and/or applied biochemistry situations. At theend of the exam, BioBio students were asked to share their opinions about TFEs (n = 401, from2001/1 to 2003/2). When asked to give a 0-to-4 score regarding (a) the diculty level of the test,(b) the technical quality and (c) if the exam makes an appropriate evaluation of applied biochemistryknowledge, the scores were 2.9, 3.4 and 2.9, respectively. BioBio students were also asked if they ndvalid to be evaluated by a tutor-made exam and if they would like to participate in the making ofTFEs; 96 and 58 percent answered yes, respectively.In another survey, we interviewed former BioBio students from the 2nd to the 7th semesters (n=95)about TFEs (since 1999-1) regarding technical aspects, which included (1) clarity of questions, (2) levelof diculty, (3) clinical application and (4) thinking (as opposed to memorizing) abilities demanded;the 0-to-4 scores were 3.1, 2.9, 2.6, and 2.5, respectively. Other four questions were on the validityof tutors writing TFEs and their capacity to perform such a task; the average score was 3.2. Oursurveys show the students good acceptance of the seminar system (Hermes-Lima et al. 2002), of theTFEs-based evaluation system, and students interest in TFEs writing (tutors also enjoy the process).These positive aspects constitute a motivation on the learning of basic biochemistry.
Obesity: the new metabolic frontier
Authors: Yokaichiya D.K. , Araujo D.R. , Silva J.A. , Torres B.B. , Galembeck E.
Published: February 2015

Working on active learning strategies for web based courses, the Biochemical Education Research groupfrom USP and Unicamp;s departments of Biochemistry has developed the educational software Obesity:the new metabolic frontier. The software was designed to be used as a major reference to study thissubject on 2003 Biochemistry of Nutrition course, and was based on the most recent publications aboutobesity, specially concerning the leptin role in this metabolic disturb. The most relevant characteristicof this software is the use of animated models to represent the cellular response and the presentationof many other mechanisms involved in obesity. We also intended to focus the relationship betweenleptin and other mechanisms that lead to obesity. The teaching strategy consisted in providing thestudents with the software and a text about Obesity. After few days, they should discuss the topic ina two-hour synchronous discussions chat-rooms (specially designed for this purpose), with a TeachingAssistant;s (TA) help. After the discussion, the students were asked to answer an evaluation surveyabout the activity and the software ecience to the learning process. The TAs were asked to evaluatethe software as a tool to help in teaching process. In the following week the students had to go backto the chat-rooms for an online synchronous test. The results of this experience (students and TAssatisfaction) were very clear and stimulated us to go on with software development and to improvethe use of this kind of educational tool in Biochemistry classes.
HOW TO REPRESENT THE GENETIC CODE?
Authors: Santos-Magalhães N.S. , Bouton E.A. , De Oliveira H.M.
Published: February 2015

The advent of molecular genetic comprises a true revolution of far-reaching consequences for human-kind, which evolved into a specialized branch of the modern-day Biochemistry. The analysis of specicgenomic information are gaining wide-ranging interest because of their signicance to the early diag-nosis of disease, and the discovery of modern drugs. In order to take advantage of a wide assortmentof signal processing (SP) algorithms, the primary step of modern genomic SP involves convertingsymbolic-DNA sequences into complex-valued signals. How to represent the genetic code? Despitebeing extensively known, the DNA mapping into proteins is one of the relevant discoveries of genetics.The genetic code (GC) is revisited in this work, addressing other descriptions for it, which can beworthy for genomic SP. Three original representations are discussed. The inner-to-outer map buildson the unbalanced role of nucleotides of a codon. A two-dimensional-Gray genetic representationis oered as a structured map that can help interpreting DNA spectrograms or scalograms. Theseare among the powerful visual tools for genome analysis, which depends on the choice of the geneticmapping. Finally, the world-chart for the GC is investigated. Evoking the cyclic structure of thegenetic mapping, it can be folded joining the left-right borders, and the top-bottom frontiers. As aresult, the GC can be drawn on the surface of a sphere resembling a world-map. Eight parallels oflatitude are required (four in each hemisphere) as well as four meridians of longitude associated tofour corresponding anti-meridians. The tropic circles have 11.25o, 33.75o, 56.25o, and 78.5o (Northand South). Starting from an arbitrary Greenwich meridian, the meridians of longitude can be plottedat 22.5o, 67.5o, 112.5o, and 157.5o (East and West). Each triplet is assigned to a single point on thesurface that we named Nirenberg-Kohamas Earth. Despite being valuable, usual representations forthe GC can be replaced by the handy descriptions oered in this work. These alternative maps arealso particularly useful for educational purposes, giving a much rich interpretation and visualizationthan a simple look-up table.
Collaboration, interdisciplinary thinking, and communication: new approaches to K–12 ecology education
Authors: Bestelmeyer Stephanie V , Elser Monica M , Spellman Katie V , Sparrow Elena B , Haan-Amato Stephanie S , Keener Anna
Published: February 2015

Ecologists often engage in global‐scale research through partnerships among scientists from many disciplines. Such research projects require collaboration, interdisciplinary thinking, and strong communication skills. We advocate including these three practices as an integral part of ecology education at the kindergarten through 12th grade (K–12) level, as opposed to waiting until the graduate level. Current discourse about K–12 ecology education focuses on promoting lessons in which students learn science by conducting research rather than simply reading textbooks. Here, we present five models of K–12 ecology education programs that emphasize collaboration, interdisciplinary thinking, and communication within student research projects on the ecology of drylands and other ecosystems. Such practices not only provide additional skills for future ecologists but also prepare students for success in any career as well as for ecologically literate citizenship.
Rangeland ecosystem services: shifting focus from supply to reconciling supply and demand
Authors: Yahdjian Laura , Sala Osvaldo E , Havstad Kris M
Published: February 2015

Ecosystem services have been extensively studied in recent decades. Most of the thousands of scholarly papers published on the subject have focused on describing the production, spatial extent, and valuation of such services. Human reliance on ecosystem services is a function of ecosystems' capacity to supply and societal demand for these benefits. However, considerably more attention has been devoted to the supply side than to the demand for them. Sustainable land management depends on reconciling supply of and demand for ecosystem services among different stakeholders. The emphasis is now shifting from the supply of ecosystem services to attaining a balance between supply and demand. Here, we illustrate the demand for rangeland ecosystem services, describe current changes in societal demand, and present a specific provisioning service to exemplify the dynamic nature of reconciling ecosystem‐service supply and demand.