bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPMENT TRAINING FOR WEBSITE USER INTERFACE OF YAYASAN AL-JIHAD SURABAYA
Authors: Adinugroho Mukhtar , Sari Rita , Herlambang Teguh , Yudianto Firman
Published: October 2023

This paper focused is Training in User Interface Development on the Al-Jihad Foundation Surabaya Website. The purpose of this research is to find out how to design a User Interface at the Al-Jihad Foundation Surabaya and develop a User Interface design related to the addition of features. The problem of this research is whether the user interface design used by the Al Jihad Surabaya Foundation is correct and correct. The method in this study uses a qualitative case study approach. Which is where the data collection technique comes from observation of research objects and direct interviews with staff of the Al-Jihad Foundation Surabaya. The conclusions drawn from this study are the user interface is used to increase comfort and convenience on the website of the Surabaya al-Jihad Foundation, in order to attract users' interest in accessing the Surabaya Al-Jihad Foundation website. Based on the results of the questionnaire, it shows 97% of respondents like the user interface on the new website.
Effectiveness of Nutrition Education to Reduce the Risk of Sports Injury in Young Soccer Athletes
Authors: Afriani Yuni , Sari Siska Puspita , Sucipto Adi , Puspaningtyas Desty Ervira , Elityasari Cindy Nur , Setiawan Andika
Published: October 2023

Physical exercise is the main factor in improving the performance of athletes. Physical exercise may cause fatigue and increase the risk of injury. Most athletes have experienced injuries during training or competing, such as muscle pain, sprains, muscle tension, bruises, and minor injuries. The majority of athletes lack knowledge regarding the management of injuries through appropriate nutritional interventions. The importance of proper nutrition therapy education as one of the solutions to reduce the risk of sports injury. The purpose of this study was to observe the change in knowledge about proper nutritional therapy in dealing with injuries in young soccer athletes at PSS Sleman Development Center. The study was conducted in July 2022. The provision of education was given at the Macanan Field, Prambanan, Yogyakarta. The respondents were 22 U-16 athletes at PSS Sleman Development Center. Athletes were given a knowledge questionnaire before and after the provision of education. Data were analyzed using statistical software with descriptive analysis and Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The increase in athletes' knowledge was measured from the knowledge score before giving education, which was 86,36 and after being given education increased to 89,09 with an average difference of 2,73 (p=0,366). The maximum score after providing education is 100 with a minimum score of 60. Providing education to athletes can increase athlete's knowledge and understanding of the importance of proper nutritional intake in reducing the risk of sports injury.
The Effect of Substitution of Snakehead Fish and Purple Eggplant Flour on The Acceptability of Biscuits for Stunting Prevention
Authors: Misnati Misnati , Pomalingo Anna .Y , Ranti Irza Nanda , Nuryani Nuryani
Published: October 2023

The development of supplementary food formulas for toddlers made from local foods can be an alternative in handling child nutritional problems. Purpose of study was to observe the acceptability of biscuits substitution of snakehead fish meal and purple eggplant flour. Design of study was an quasi experimental using postest only control group design with four treatments namely substitution of snakehead fish meal and purple eggplant flour. The ratio of wheat flour, fish meal and purple eggplant flour is 100%: 0 : 0,85% : 10% : 5%, 70% : 20% : 10%, and 55% : 30% : 15%. The results of the study based in the color characteristic the highest score after control was F1 (score = 2.47), the taste aspect F1 (score = 2.7), the aroma aspect F1 (score = 2.41), thetexture/crunch F1 (score = 2.65). There was an effect of substitution of snakehead fish meal and purple eggplant flour on color acceptability (p = 0.000) and taste (p = 0.003), there is no effect of substitution of snakehead fish meal and purple eggplant flour on aroma receptivity (p =  0.306) and crispness (p = 0.155).  In conclusion, there are significant differences in the color and taste characteristics of cookies substitution of snakehead fish flour and purple eggplant flour between F0, F1, F2 and F3.
Ahlak-ı Celâlî’nin XVI. Asır Osmanlı Siyaset Düşüncesine Tesiri
Authors: AKTÜRKOĞLU Mustafa Enes
Published: October 2023

İslam ahlak geleneğinin İslam düşünce tarihini idrak etmek açısından kıymetli bir önemi vardır. Ahlaknâme külliyatı ise her dönemin düşünce dünyasının kapsamını ve sınırlarını belirlemede en temel kaynaklardan biri olmuştur. XV. Asır’da yaşayan Celâleddîn Devvânî’nin Ahlak-ı Celâlî’si, bu külliyatın en tipik örneklerindendir. Ahlak-ı Celâlî’nin hükümdarlara ve toplumun diğer kesimlerine sunduğu ahlakî teklif, dönemin düşünce ufkunu yansıttığı gibi aynı zamanda hangi değerlerin gaye edinilmesi gerektiğini söyler. Dolayısıyla Ahlak-ı Celâlî’nin teorik önermesi ile yaşanılan dünyanın pratik gerçekleri arasında bir korelasyon kurulur. Çalışmamız Ahlak-ı Celâlî’nin önerdiği değerlerin fikri zeminini açığa çıkarmaya çalışırken, Celâleddîn Devvânî’nin öğrencisi olan Müeyyedzâde Abdurrahman Efendi’nin vasıtasıyla bu değerlerin pratik tezahürlerinin ortaya çıktığı Devlet-i Aliyye’nin siyaset düşüncesini idrak etmeye çalışmaktır. Bu bağlamda adalet (her şeyin yerli yerinde olması) gayesi üzerine Osmanlı padişahlarının kurmaya çalıştığı pratik siyaset, devlet idaresinde baskın bir konuma yükselmelerine yardımcı olur. Böylece Erken Modern Dönemde Devlet-i Aliyye’nin hanedan merkezli güçlü bir idari teşkilat kurmasının fikrî altyapısı ortaya çıkacaktır.
High-gradient magnetic separation mechanism for separation of chalcopyrite from molybdenite
Authors: Dai Pulin , Xue Zixing , Li Xiaowei , Jiang Yaxiong , Ahmed Nourhan , Zeng Jianwu , Chen Luzheng
Published: October 2023

Removing molybdenite from chalcopyrite by flotation has long been a challenge due to their similar floatability as sulfide minerals. However, the difference in the magnetic susceptibility of the two minerals may be employed to address this challenge. Recently, pulsating high-gradient magnetic separation (PHGMS) has been reported effective as an environmentally friendly and economical strategy for separating chalcopyrite from molybdenite, but the mechanism of their magnetic differences is unclear. The current investigation employed crystal field theory and density functional theory calculations to theoretically elucidate the magnetic properties of these two minerals, and their difference was further demonstrated by experimental investigations. Under optimized conditions in a SLon-100 cyclic PHGMS separator, a chalcopyrite concentrate assaying 31.47% Cu and 0.44% Mo at 81.93% Cu and 5.56% Mo recoveries was produced from a pure chalcopyrite-molybdenite mixture that initially contained 26.29% Cu and 5.42% Mo. After the separation process, the Cu grade decreased to 15.06%, whereas the Mo grade increased to 16.22% in the nonmagnetic product. These findings have potential implications for the separation of chalcopyrite from molybdenite using PHGMS.
Petani Menolak Kalah: Adaptasi Petani Terhadap Perubahan Iklim di Desa Mahang Sungai Hanyar Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Tengah
Authors: Abdilah Muhammad , Hamid Ismar
Published: October 2023

Perubahan iklim berdampak pada berbagai aspek mata pencaharian khususnya sektor pertanian, sehingga menimbulkan tantangan baru bagi produksi pertanian, terutama keberlanjutan tanaman pangan, khususnya di Desa Mahang Sungai Hanyar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis adaptasi petani dalam menghadapi perubahan iklim di Desa Mahang Sungai Hanyar, Kecamatan Pandawan, Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Tengah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi partisipan, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa petani menolak kalah dengan membudidayakan tanaman yang lebih mudah beradaptasi terhadap perubahan iklim. Oleh karena itu, petani Desa Mahang Sungai Hanyar memiliki inisiatif untuk membudidayakan cabe karena tanaman tersebut tidak terikat dengan musim, serta proses budidayanya jauh lebih singkat. Selanjutnya, petani melakukan adaptasi teknologi pertanian untuk mengatasi masalah yang diakibatkan perubahan iklim, seperti turus yang berfungsi sebagai fondasi tanaman cabe, surjan yang berfungsi membuat lahan tetap kering, dan mulsa yang berfungsi mencegah tumbuhnya gulma. Namun, proses budidaya cabe membutuhkan modal yang besar sehingga para petani yang kekurangan modal belum bisa memaksimalkan lahan pertaniannya untuk beralih ke tanaman cabe. Inovasi petani tersebut juga berdampak terhadap kehidupan sosial masyarakat. Solidaritas petani luntur dan berganti dengan sikap individualisme. Pada saat ini, petani memiliki gagasan untuk membudidayakan tanaman yang lebih mudah beradaptasi dengan kondisi alam yang sekarang mengalami perubahan yang mana dengan perubahan gagasan pada sektor pertanian tersebut memunculkan teknologi pertanian untuk keberlangsungan budidaya tanaman.
Galeri Terapung yang Mengapung; Partisipasi Masyarakat Dalam Pengembangan Wisata Kampung Sasirangan Sungai Jingah Kota Banjarmasin
Authors: Faisal Muhammad , Hidayah Sri
Published: October 2023

Sasirangan Sungai Jingah Village Tourism, Banjarmasin City is a tourist destination that is developing it by utilizing the potential of the river in the form of making a Floating Gallery tourist object to be used as a support for its implementation. This study aims to see how the participation of local communities in the development of Kampung Sungai Jingah Sasirangan Tourism. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with a qualitative research type. Data collection techniques using non-participatory observation, in-depth interviews and documentation. The results of the study showed that the participation of the people of Sasirangan Sungai Jingah Village in the development of Kampung Sasirangan Sungai Jingah Tourism were: 1) in the form of participation in planning and decision making the local community was not involved, because the community was not invited to participate in determining what their tourism needed from the existing tourism development program. have been done; 2) Then in the form of participation in the implementation of tourism development, the community is also not involved, because it is only carried out by the Banjarmasin City Tourism Office; 3) Then participation is in the form of taking benefits, the participation of the local community is not comprehensive, it is shown that the majority of the community does not use and maintain the results of the tourism development that is being carried out, only a small part can be found; 4) In the evaluation form, the community participates quite well, this is shown by the local community conducting monitoring and the local community also providing suggestions and suggestions regarding the results of the tourism development.
The Imaginary Universe
Authors: Łukaszyk Szymon
Published: October 2023

Maxwell's equations in vacuum provide the negative speed of light -c, which leads to imaginary Planck units. However, the second, negative fine-structure constant $\alpha_2^{-1} \approx -140.178$, present in the Fresnel coefficients for the normal incidence of electromagnetic radiation on monolayer graphene, establishes the different, negative speed of light in vacuum $c_2 \approx -3.06 \times 10^8~\text{[m/s]}$, which introduces imaginary Planck units different in magnitude from those parametrized with $c$. Furthermore, algebraic relations between the fine-structure constant hint that the fine-structure constant does not vary over time. It follows that electric charges are the same in real and imaginary dimensions. We model neutron stars and white dwarfs, emitting perfect black-body radiation, as \textit{objects} having energy exceeding their mass-energy equivalence ratios. We define complex energies in terms of real and imaginary natural units. Their imaginary parts, inaccessible for direct observation, store the excess of these energies. It is conjectured that the maximum atomic number $Z=238$. A black-body \textit{object} is in the equilibrium of complex energies if its radius $R_\text{eq} \approx 1.3833~R_{\text{BH}}$, which is close to the photon sphere radius $R_{\text{ps}}=1.5~R_{\text{BH}}$, and marginally greater than a locally negative energy density bound of $4/3~R_{\text{BH}}$. The complex force between real masses and imaginary charges leads to the black-body object's surface gravity and generalized Hawking radiation temperature, which includes its charge. Furthermore, this force agrees with the physical parameters of the hydrogen atom. The proposed model takes into account the value(s) of the fine-structure constant(s), which is/are otherwise neglected in general relativity, and explains the registered (GWOSC) high masses of neutron stars' mergers and the associated fast radio bursts (CHIME) without resorting to any hypothetical types of exotic stellar \textit{objects}.
Identify Novel Targeting Sites of Calcineurin and CaMKII in Human Cav3.2 T-type Calcium Channel
Authors: Chang Yu-Wang , Chen Yong-Cyuan , Chen Chien-Chang
Published: October 2023

The Cav3.2 T-type calcium channel is implicated in various pathological conditions, including cardiac hypertrophy, epilepsy, autism, and chronic pain. Phosphorylation of Cav3.2 by multiple kinases plays a pivotal role in regulating its calcium channel function. The calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine/threonine phosphatase, calcineurin, interacts physically with Cav3.2 and modulates its activity. However, it remains unclear whether calcineurin dephosphorylates Cav3.2, the specific spatial regions on Cav3.2 involved, and the extent of the quantitative impact. In this study, we elucidated the serine/threonine residues on Cav3.2 targeted by calcineurin using quantitative mass spectrometry. We identified six serine residues in the N-terminus, II-III loop, and C-terminus of Cav3.2 that were dephosphorylated by calcineurin. Notably, a higher level of dephosphorylation was observed in the Cav3.2 C-terminus, where calcineurin binds to this channel. Additionally, a previously known CaMKII-phosphorylated site, S1198, was found to be dephosphorylated by calcineurin. Furthermore, we also discovered that a novel CaMKII-phosphorylated site, S2137, underwent dephosphorylation by calcineurin. In CAD cells, a mouse central nervous system cell line, membrane depolarization led to an increase in the phosphorylation of endogenous Cav3.2 at S2137. Mutation of S2137 affected the calcium channel function of Cav3.2. Our findings advance the understanding of Cav3.2 regulation not only through kinase phosphorylation but also via calcineurin phosphatase dephosphorylation.
Combined Score Based on Match between Donor and Recipient in Age-Sex-Body Mass Index Is Related to the Evolution of the Graft after Renal Transplantation
Authors: Hernández Sergio Barroso , López Álvaro Álvarez , Calvo Elena García de Vinuesa , Sabillón Jorge Alberto Rodríguez , Rúa Teresa de Jesús Giraldo , Gallego Román Hernández , Merino Jaime Hernán , Mauricio Miguel Nuno Petrucci , Pérez-Monteoliva Nicolás Roberto Robles
Published: October 2023

Objetives: Adequate donor-recipient matching is necessary to achieve the best renal function after transplantation. The nephron load received from the donor, which can be reflected in variables such as age, sex and body mass index, may influence the evolution of the graft. Our objetive was develop a combined score according to the donor-recipient pairing in age, sex and body mass index, and assess its influence on the evolution of the renal graft.
Materials and methods: Transplant patients between 2013 and 2020 who had at least 1 year of post-transplant follow-up. A ranking of 0 to 2 points was awarded according to the match between donor and recipient for sex, age and body mass index individually, with higher rank to greater mismatch. Subsequently, a Score with value of 0 to 6 points was created with the combined ranking of the indivudual variables, analyzing its influence on the evolution of the graft by multivariate linear regression. Results: 280 patients followed for 4.3 years of median. Worse renal function was observed at the end of follow-up as the range of each variable increased separately, and the Score created, with a worsening of renal function as the combined Score increased in the multivariate analysis: Coefficient B= -2.4 ml/min, p=0.018.
Conclusions: An adequate match between donor and recipient in age, sex and body mass index using this combined Score can help achieve better kidney function after transplantation.
Effects of ESC/ESH-Based Written Lifestyle Advice including a Nutraceutical on 24-Hour Blood Pressure in High-Normal Blood Pressure Patients with Low Cardiovascular Risk
Authors: Landolfo Matteo , Spannella Francesco , Poliseno Chiara , Massacesi Adriano , Giulietti Federico , Festa Roberto , Cavazzin Enrico , Sasso Giulio , Mazza Alberto , Sarzani Riccardo
Published: October 2023

(1) Background: Lifestyle changes, eventually associated with a nutraceutical, are recommended strategies for managing high-normal blood pressure (BP) patients with low-moderate cardiovascu-lar (CV) risk. Nitrates-enriched products (i.e., red beet extracts) may help reduce BP, exerting vas-oactive properties and enhancing adherence to lifestyle advice. Our study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness in clinical practice of generic written lifestyle advice and a beetroot-based nutraceu-tical prescription based on the 2018 ESC/ESH guidelines on 24-hour BP in a population with high-normal BP and low-moderate CV risk.; (2) Methods: A longitudinal observational study was con-ducted in two ESH hypertension excellence centres on 43 consecutive subjects with high-normal BP based on repeated office BP (OBP) measurements and a low-moderate CV risk. Twenty-four-hour ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) was carried out at baseline and three months after ge-neric written ESC/ESH advice for lifestyle changes associated with a nutraceutical containing 500 mg of dry beetroot extract; (3) Results: Mean age 50±11 years, 54% males, 58% overweight/obese, mean OBP 135±3/85±3 mmHg. At baseline, 24-hour BP, daytime BP and night-time BP were 127±7/80±6 mmHg, 131±8/83±6 mmHg and 118±8/70±5 mmHg, respectively, BP profiles compat-ible with hypertension status in some subjects. After a median follow-up of 98 (92-121) days, all BPs, except night-time diastolic BP, were significantly decreased: -3±6/-2±4 mmHg for 24-hour BP, -3.9±6.0/-3.0±4.0 mmHg for daytime BP and -3.3±7.4/-1.3±4.7 mmHg for night-time BP, respec-tively. No significant clinical changes in weight were detected. BP decreased independently of baseline BP level, gender, smoking status and BMI, while a more substantial decrease in BP was observed in older patients; (4) Conclusions: Our pilot study shows for the first time that written generic lifestyle advice based on ESC/ESH hypertension guidelines coupled with a beetroot-based nutraceutical may represent a valid initial non-pharmacological approach in subjects with high-normal BP and low-moderate CV risk even without personalized diet interventions.
Dynamic Behavior Modeling of Natural Rubber/Polybutadiene Rubber-Based Hybrid Magnetorheological Elastomer Sandwich Composite Structures
Authors: .N Ahobal , J Lakshmi Pathi , G Sakthivel , Thangamuthu Mohanraj , Rakkiyannan Jegadeeshwaran , Bhalerao Yogesh Jayant
Published: October 2023

This study investigates the dynamic characteristics of Natural Rubber (NR)/Polybutadiene Rubber (PBR) based hybrid magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) sandwich composite beams through numerical simulations and finite element analysis, employing Reddy's third-order shear defor-mation theory. Four distinct hybrid MRE sandwich configurations were examined. The validity of finite element simulations was confirmed by comparing them with results from magnetorheo-logical (MR) fluid-based composites. Further, parametric analysis explored the influence of magnetic field intensity, boundary conditions, ply orientation, and core thickness on beam vi-bration responses. Results reveal a notable 10.4% enhancement in natural frequencies in SC4-based beams under a 600mT magnetic field with clamped-free boundary conditions, attributed to in-creased PBR content in MR elastomer cores. However, higher magnetic field intensities result in slight frequency decrements due to filler particle agglomeration. Additionally, augmenting magnetic field intensity and magnetorheological content under clamped-free conditions improves the loss factor by 66% to 136%, presenting promising prospects for advanced applications. This research contributes to a comprehensive understanding of dynamic behavior and performance enhancement in hybrid MRE sandwich composites, holding significant implications for engi-neering applications. Furthermore, this investigation provides valuable insights into the intricate interplay between magnetic field effects, composite architecture, and vibration response.
Environmental Perception of Solid Waste Management in the Hurtado Balneary, Colombia
Authors: Vargas Nataylde Gutierrez , Caballero Brayan , Ochoa Esteban , Muñoz Karen , Neckel Alcindo , Palma Hugo Hernandez , Dotto Guilherme Luiz , Ramos Claudete Gindri
Published: October 2023

Environmental perception is a powerful tool for identifying community needs and potential within their surroundings. This study assessed tourists' environmental perception regarding solid waste and its impact on the Hurtado balneary, located in Valledupar, Colombia. From May to July 2023, the investigation delved into the environmental attitudes and behaviors of 769 balneary users by employing a combination of observation, photographic documentation, and a comprehensive 21-question online survey. The findings unveiled compelling insights: an overwhelming 98.8% of participants acknowledged the adverse effects of solid waste on the environment, with an impressive 98% demonstrating a willingness to participate in waste management efforts. Alarmingly, 42.13% exhibited limited awareness of waste management practices, reflecting a lack of public interest and commitment (41.61%). Statistically significant disparities emerged: 59% of waste items were not appropriately disposed of in designated receptacles. Reasons for this included a lack of a sense of belonging (50.2%) and inadequate environmental education (45.6%). 96% expressed the need for river conservation signage, while 59.8% had not engaged in environmental training. The implications of these results extend beyond the Hurtado balneary, potentially informing solid waste management strategies in other aquatic environments. Furthermore, this investigation aligns with three critical Sustainable Development Goals: SDG 12, emphasizing responsible consumption and production; SDG 13, addressing climate action; and SDG 15, advocating for life on land and below water.

Keywords: Tourism; solid waste; surface water; environmental management.
Parameterization of the E-value in G-codes for Different Bioprinters
Authors: da Rocha Vaz Gabriela Mendes , Paulino Silva Luciano
Published: October 2023

In the bioprinting process, controlling the motion of bioprinters involves a computer-aided design (CAD) model, converting that model into g-code, and transmitting the motion commands to the bioprinters. The g-code file contains information about the motion of the axes and can be generated using various software. However, a challenge arises when using g-code between different bioprinters. Therefore, the objective of this study was to propose a reliable method for analyzing the differences in 3D bioprinting devices by parameterizing a crucial variable for extrusion bioprinting: the E-value. Four bioprinters from three different manufacturers were used to investigate the extrusion behavior when subjected to the same E-value.
Testing a Psychological Tool to Enhance Hope in People With Stroke; a Qualitative Study
Authors: Soundy Andrew , Forkner Abby , Bresloff Arielle , Palser Holly , Bamford Tristan , Mrowiec Daniel , Reed Alexander , Chan Chun
Published: October 2023

IntroductionHope is an essential concept for rehabilitation of people with stroke. The current study extended research on the model of emotions, adaptation, and hope (MEAH) by extending it according to a previously established framework of hope.MethodsAn interpretive hermeneutic phenomenological study was conducted. People with stroke living in the community of the West Midlands were included. Physiotherapy students received training as part of a research placement to deliver a single intervention session using an extended version of the MEAH. Content analysis of the responses to the MEAH were taken and a process evaluation was undertaken in the form of a semi-structured interview after the intervention.ResultsSeventeen individuals (70.1±12.2 years) with stroke were included. Results considered the responses to the MEAH as a therapeutic driver and a process evaluation from people with stroke that undertook the intervention. Important scoring differences were noted for those who could and those who were not able to set goals. The MEAH tool appeared to be one way to help develop goals for people with stroke in a personalised way, however the value of the tool was identified by those who did not set a goal. Positive experiences of the intervention were reported across all people with stroke.DiscussionThe MEAH tool may be one way to support stroke rehabilitation and enhance the therapeutic encounter between physiotherapists and people with stroke.
Colorectal Cancer: Current Updates and Future Perspectives
Authors: Marcellinaro Rosa , Spoletini Domenico , Grieco Michele , Avella Pasquale , Cappuccio Micaela , Troiano Raffaele , Lisi Giorgio , Garbarino Giovanni M. , Carlini Massimo
Published: October 2023

Colorectal cancer is a frequent neoplasm in western countries, mainly due to dietary and behavioral factors. Its incidence is growing in developing countries for the westernization of foods and lifestyles. An increased incidence rate is observed in patients under 45 years of age. In last years the mortality for CRC is decreased, but this trend is slowing. The mortality rate is reducing in those countries where prevention and treatments have been implemented.
The survival is increased to over 65%. This trend reflects earlier detection of CRC through routine clinical examinations and screening, more accurate staging through advances in imaging, improvements in surgical techniques and advances in chemotherapy and radiation. The most important predictor of survival is the stage at diagnosis. The screening programs are able to reduce incidence and mortality rates of CRC.
The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of incidence, mortality and survival rate for CRC.
Selection of the Most Informative Wavenumbers to Improve Prediction Accuracy of Milk Fatty Acid Profile Based on Milk Mid-Infrared Spectra Data
Authors: Lou Wenqi , Brito Luiz Fernando , Zhao Xiuxin , Li Jianbin , Wang Yachun
Published: October 2023

Milk MIR spectra have been shown to provide valuable information on a wide range of traits to be used in dairy cattle breeding programs. Selecting the most informative variables from complex data can improve prediction accuracy and model robustness and, consequently, the interpretability of MIR spectra. Thus, we aimed to investigate the prediction performance of feature selection methods based on MIR spectra data, using the milk fatty acid (FA) profile as an example to illustrate the evaluated procedure. Data of MIR spectra, milk test-day records, and reference FA concentrations of 155 first-parity Holstein cows were used in the analyses. Four models comprising different explanatory variables and five feature selection methods were evaluated. The results indicated that the Competitive Adaptive Reweighted Sampling (CARS) method can effectively select the most informative variables from the MIR spectra, resulting in higher prediction accuracies than other variable selection approaches. The model including selected MIR spectra and cow information variables [days in milk at the test day, age at the test day, pregnancy stage (in days), number of days open, number of inseminations, and somatic cell count] yielded the best FA profile predictions based on Partial Least Square regression. In particular, ten FAs (C8:0, C10:0, C14:1, C17:0 isomers, C18:1, C18:1 isomer, medium-chain FA, unsaturation FA, monounsaturated FA, and polyunsaturated FA) presented accuracies based on the determination coefficient (R2cv) ranging from 0.66 to 0.85 in internal validation and from 0.65 to 0.84 in external validation. By running CARS 1,000 times in internal validations, we obtained the frequency of selected milk MIR wavenumber for 35 FAs. The most related wavenumbers to FAs were found within 1,003 to 1,145 cm-1, while other discrete areas were between 1,651 to 1,797 and 2,834 to 2,954 cm-1. These biomarkers may give insights into the relationship between MIR spectra and FA phenotypes. In conclusion, using CARS and cow information improved predictions of FAs based on MIR spectra in Chinese Holstein dairy cows. Additional validation studies should be conducted as larger datasets become available.
Simulation of Battery Operated Trains on Partially Electrified Lines: A Case Study regarding the Florence-Faenza Line
Authors: Pugi Luca
Published: October 2023

A full electrification of many local railway lines is often not feasible or sustainable in terms of construction and maintenance costs or alternatively for the presence of additional constraints and limitations deriving from environmental or infrastructural limitations. Battery Operated or other kind of hybrid solutions powertrains are currently proposed as sustainable alternatives to Internal combustion engines for the propulsion of rolling stock on not electrified lines. In this work, authors propose the adoption of a partial electrification of lines to assure higher performances and reliability of battery-operated rolling stock designed to be recharged and feed using standard technologies such as pantographs gathering power from suspended catenaries. This innovative solution is designed for a benchmark test vehicle inspired from an existing one and simulated considering some possible scenario of application corresponding to some existing railway lines in Italy.
Hippo Signaling Mediates TGFβ-Dependent Transcriptional In-Puts in Cardiac Cushion Mesenchymal Cells to Regulate Extracel-Lular Matrix Remodeling
Authors: Chakrabarti Mrinmay , Chattha Ahad , Nair Abhijith , Jiao Kai , Potts Jay D , Wang Lianming , Branch Scotty , Harrelson Shea , Khan Saeed , Azhar Mohamad
Published: October 2023

Abstract: The transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) and Hippo signaling pathways are evolutionarily conserved pathways that play a critical role in cardiac fibroblasts during embryonic development, tissue repair, and fibrosis. TGFβ and Hippo signaling is also important for cardiac cushion remodeling and septation during embryonic development. Loss of TGFβ2 in mice causes cardiac cushion remodeling defects resulting in congenital heart disease. In this study, we used in vitro molecular and pharmacologic approaches in the cushion mesenchymal cell line (tsA58-AVM) and investigated if Hippo pathway acts as a mediator of TGFβ2 signaling. Immunofluorescence staining showed that TGFβ2 induced nuclear translocation of activated SMAD3 in the cushion mesenchymal cells. In addition, the results indicated increased nuclear localization of Yes associated protein 1 (YAP1) following a similar treatment of TGFβ2. In collagen lattice formation assays, TGFβ2 treatment of cushion cells resulted in an enhanced collagen contraction compared to the untreated cushion cells. Interestingly, verteporfin, a YAP1 inhibitor, significantly blocked the ability of cushion cells to contract collagen gel in absence or presence of by exogenously added TGFβ2. To confirm the molecular mechanisms of verteporfin induced inhibition of TGFβ2-dependent extra-cellular matrix (ECM) reorganization we performed gene expression analysis of key mesenchymal genes involved in ECM remodeling in heart development and disease. Our results confirmed that verteporfin significantly decreased the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (Acta2), collagen 1a1 (Col1a1), Ccn1 (i.e., Cyr61), and Ccn2 (i.e., Ctgf). Western blot analysis indicated that verteporfin treatment significantly blocked TGFβ2-induced activation of SMAD2/3 in cushion mesenchymal cells. Collectively, these results indicate that TGFβ2 regulation of cushion mesenchymal cell be-havior and ECM remodeling is mediated by YAP1. Thus, TGFβ2 and Hippo pathway integration represents an important step in understanding the etiology of congenital heart disease.
Analysis of Bioactive Compounds, Spectroscopic Profile, Thermogravimetric and Morphological Pattern of Basil Leaves (Ocimum basilicum) from the Amazon
Authors: De Carvalho Jade Vitória Duarte , Freitas Rafaela Valente , Bezerra Carolina , Teixeira-Costa Barbara E. , Santos Orquidea Vasconcelos
Published: October 2023

The objective of this work is to evaluate and compare the levels of bioactive compounds in basil leaves (Ocimum basilicum), fresh and after thermal drying processing freeze-dried, using methodological procedures that follow internationally recommended and accepted standards. Fresh basil leaves had 9.50 -63.3 mg/100g (vitamin C), 1.8 -3.9 mg EAG/g (total polyphenols), 0.73-1.78 mg/g (flavonoids), 2287.8-1003,8 μg/100g (chlorophyll a), 2606-2287 μg/100g (chlorophyll b), 16.71-20.6 (total carotenoids).Regarding color, there was variation in the parameters L*, a* and b* of the dry sample, but maintained the tendency towards green e (a+) and yellow (b-). Infrared analysis (FTIR) demonstrated the presence of functional groups related to cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, confirmed by micrography (SEM) with visualization of plant parenchyma residues and fiber bundles. Thermogravimetry (TG/DTG) shows stability in the range of 234 °C, showing more intense mass loss at 294.6 °C. Given the data, it is possible to infer that basil is little affected by freeze-drying, with few changes in bioactive compounds, chemical groups and with good thermal stability. Thus, the application of the freeze-drying technique is a viable alternative to the commercialization of basil leaves, prolonging their useful life and increasing the forms of food applications.
A Multispectral Camera Suite for the Observation of Earth’s Outgoing Radiative Energy
Authors: Dewitte Steven , Nazar Al Ameen Abdul , Zhang Yuan , Smeesters Lien
Published: October 2023

As part of the Earth Climate Observatory space mission concept for the direct observation from space of the Earth Energy Imbalance, we propose an advanced camera suite for the high resolution observation of the Total Outgoing Radiation of the Earth. For the observation of the Reflected Solar Radiation, we propose the use of two multispectral cameras covering the range from 400 to 950 nm, with a nadir resolution of 1.7 km, combined with a high resolution RGB camera, with a nadir resolution of 0.57 km. For the observation of the Outgoing Longwave Radiation, we propose the use of 6 microbolometer cameras, with each a spectral bandwidth of 1 μm in the range from 8 to 14 μm, and with a nadir resolution of 2.2 km.
Berberine Mediates the Production of Butyrate to Ameliorate Cerebral Ischemia via Gut Microbiota in Mice
Authors: Duan Huijie , Hu Junya , Deng Yang , Zou Junqing , Ding Wangli , Peng Qiang , Duan Rui , Sun Jianguo , Zhu Junrong
Published: October 2023

Ischemic stroke (IS) is a group of vascular disease concomitant with high morbidity and mortality. Berberine is a bioactive substance and it has known to improve stroke, but the mechanism is yet to be proven. Mice were fed with BBR for 14 days. Then, mice were made into MCAO/R models. Neurological score, infarct volume, neuronal damage and markers associated with inflammation were detected. We tested the changes of intestinal flora in model mice after BBR administration by 16SrRNA sequencing. Chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to detect butyrate chemically. Tissue immunofluorescence was used to detect the changes of microglia and astroglia in mice brain. Our findings suggest that berberine improves stroke outcomes by modulating gut microbiota. Specifically, after MCAO/R mice were given berberine, beneficial bacteria producing butyric acid increased significantly, and the mice also had significantly higher levels of butyric acid. Administration of butyric acid and an inhibitor of butyric acid synthesis, heptyl-coA, showed that butyric acid improved stroke outcomes in model mice. In addition, butyric acid could inhibit the activation of microglia and astrocytes in the brain of model mice, thereby inhibiting the release of inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and improving stroke outcomes. Our results suggest that berberine may improve stroke outcomes by modulating the gut flora to increase the abundance of butyric acid. These findings elucidate the mechanisms by which berberine improves stroke outcomes and provide some basis for clinical treatment.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Fermentation Products Promote the Growth of Pre-Weaning Calves by Increasing Apparent Nutrient Digestibility, and Modulating the Gut Microbiota
Authors: Lei Qian , Cheng Zhiqiang , Huang Yuncheng , Li Xue , Datsomo Osmond , Jiang Maocheng , Wang Kexin , Ma Qianbo , Gong Xiaoxiao , Huo Yongjiu , Lin Miao
Published: October 2023

Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation products (SCFP) can potentially promote gastrointestinal growth and immunity in young livestock. However, reports within the existing literature on the effects of SCFP supplements on calves have been inconsistent; therefore, we perform the following experiments to resolve the inconsistencies. A total of 22 Holstein calves [10 d after birth, BW = 48.93 ± 3.99 kg (mean ± SD)] were assigned randomly into two groups, namely the control group (CON) and SCFP group, each having 11 replicas. The calves in the CON were fed a basal diet, while the SCFP group was fed the basal diet supplemented with 5g/head/d SCFP (NutriTek, Diamond V, Cedar Rapids, IA52404, United States) incorporated into feed. All the calves were regularly fed thrice daily at 08:00, 14:30, and 21:00 and had free access to water. A 5-day adaptation phase was followed by a 45-day experimental period. The results showed that compared to the CON, at the end of the d-45 trial, the body weight was significantly greater in the SCFP group (p < 0.05), and during the 1-45 days, the ADG was higher (p < 0.05). The FCR in the 30-45 days SCFP group was higher (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the apparent digestibility of DM, CP, EE, ADF, Ca, and P were significantly increased in the SCFP group, except for NDF (p < 0.05). The concentration of GH and IGF-1 in serum showed a tremendous increase (p < 0.05) with SCFP supplementation on d 15 and d 45. On d 15, SCFP supplementation significantly increased the serum IgA contents (p < 0.05). Notably, on d 15 and d 45, the serum concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α reduced (p < 0.001). Moreover, the Actinobacteriota in the SCFP group were significantly lower than those in the CON group (p = 0.034). SCFP significantly increased the abundance of Butyricimonas, Parabacteroides, and Ruminococcus. The differences among sob, Chao1, and PD-tree groups were statistically significant (p < 0.05). In conclusion, these results demonstrate that SCFP supplementation improved ADG, apparent digestibility and serum hormone, enhanced immunity, and regulated gut microbiota, thereby jointly promoting the growth of pre-weaning calves.
Recipient Pericardial Apolipoprotein Levels Might Be an Indicator of Worse Outcomes after Orthotopic Heart Transplantation
Authors: Andrea MD PhD Székely , Éva MD PhD Pállinger , Evelin MD Töreki , Mandula Ifju , Bálint András MD Barta , Balázs MD Szécsi , Eszter MD Losoncz , Zsófia MD Dohy , Imre János MD PhD Barabás , Annamária MD PhD Kosztin , Edit MD PhD Buzas I , Tamás MD PhD Radovits , Béla MD PhD Merkely
Published: October 2023

End-stage heart failure (ESHF) leads to hypoperfusion and edema formation in the whole body and is accompanied by neurohormonal and immunological alterations. Orthotopic heart transplantation (HTX) has been used as a beneficial option for ESHF. Due to the shortage of donor hearts, the ideal matching and timing of donors and recipients has become more important. Our aim was to explore the relationship between the clinical outcome of HTX and the cytokine and apolipoprotein profiles of the recipient pericardial fluid obtained at transplantation after opening the pericardial sac. The clinical data and the interleukin, adipokine and lipoprotein levels in the pericardial fluid of twenty recipients were investigated. Outcome variables included primer graft dysfunction (PGD), need for posttransplantation mechanical cardiac support (MCS), International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation grade ≥ 2R rejection and mortality. Recipient risk scores were also investigated. Leptin levels were significantly lower in patients with PGD than in those without PGD (median: 6.36 [IQR: 5.55-6.62]; versus 7.54 [IQR=6.71-10.44]; p = 0.029). Higher ApoCII levels (median: 14.91 [IQR: 11.55-21.30] versus 10.31 [IQR=10.02-13.07]; p = 0.042) and ApoCIII levels (median: 60.32 [IQR: 43.00-81.66] versus 22.84 [IQR=15.84-33.39]; p=0.005) were found in patients (n=5) who died in the first 5 years after HTX. In patients who had rejection (n=4) in the first month after transplantation, the levels of adiponectin (median: 74.48 [IQR: 35.51-131.70] versus 29.96 [IQR: 19.86-42.28]; p=0.039), ApoCII (median: 20.11 [IQR: 13.06-23.54] versus 10.32 [IQR: 10.02-12.84]; p=0.007) and ApoCIII (median: 70.97 [IQR: 34.72-82.22] versus 26.33 [IQR: 17.18-40.17; p=0.029) were higher than those in the nonrejection group. Moreover, the pericardial thyroxine (T4) levels (median: 3.96 [IQR: 3.49-4.46] versus 4.69 [IQR: 4.23-5.77]; p=0.022) were lower in patients with rejection than in patients who did not develop rejection. Our results indicate that apolipoproteins can facilitate the monitoring of rejection and could be a useful tool in the forecast of early and late complications.
Genetic and Biochemical Characterization of a Novel Alkaline-Tolerant Xaa-Pro Dipeptidase from Aspergillus phoenicis
Authors: Dong Zixing , Yang Shuangshuang , Zhang Kun , Tang Cunduo , Kan Yunchao , Yao Lunguang
Published: October 2023

Xaa-Pro dipeptidase (XPD, EC 3.4.13.9; also known as prolidase) catalyzes the hydrolysis of iminopeptide bond in the trans Xaa-Pro dipeptides (Xaa represents any amino acid except proline), which makes it find wide applications in food, medical and environmental protection fields. In the present study, a novel Xaa-Pro dipeptidase from Aspergillus phoenicis ATCC 14332 (ApXPD) was molecularly and biochemically characterized. Reclassification based on phylogenetic analysis and version 12.5 MEROPS database showed that this enzyme was the only fungal XPD in the unassigned subfamily which shared the highest sequence similarity with Xanthomonas campestris prolidase but not with that from the more related fungal species A. niudulans. As compared with other prolidases, ApXPD also contained an N-terminal tail (residues 81-89) and an additional region (PAPARLREKL), and used a different arginine residue for dipeptide selectivity. After heterologous expression and partial purification, recombinant ApXPD was highly active and stable over the alkaline range from 8.5 to 10.0, with a maximum activity at pH 9.0 and more than 80% activity retained after 1-h incubation at pHs of 8.5-10.0 (55oC). It also had an apparent optimum temperature of 55oC and remained stable at 20-30oC. Moreover, this enzyme was a cobalt dependent prolidase that only cleaved dipeptides Lys-Pro, Gly-Pro and Ala-Pro rather than other dipeptides, tripeptides and tetrapeptides. All these distinct features make A. phoenicis ATCC 14332 XPD unique among currently known prolidases, thus defining a novel Xaa-Pro dipeptidase subfamily.
The Fatigue Response's Fingerprint of Composite Materials Subjected to Constant and Variable Amplitude Loadings
Authors: D' Amore Alberto , Grassia Luigi
Published: October 2023

This paper discusses the theoretical and experimental correlations between fatigue and static strength statistical distributions. We use a two-parameter residual strength model that obeys the qualitative Strenght-Life Equal-Rank (SLERA) assumption for guidance. The modeling approach consists of recovering the model's parameters by best fitting the constant amplitude (CA) fatigue data at a given stress ratio, R, and the experimental Weibull parameters of the static strength distribution function. Once the model's parameters are fixed, its capabilities, potential, and limits are discussed by comparing its predictions with residual strength and fatigue data obtained at different stress ratios, R. Moreover, from a preliminary analysis, the theoretical extension of the model's capabilities to variable amplitude loadings is conceptualized. The application of Miner's rule is also discussed and compared with a new damage rule to analyze the fatigue responses under variable amplitude loadings.
Multiple Wolbachia subpopulations co-occur in single Culex pipiens mosquito organs
Authors: Schrieke Hans , Duron Olivier , Trouche Blandine , Eren A. Murat , Reveillaud Julie
Published: October 2023

Wolbachia is a maternally inherited intracellular bacterium that infects a wide range of arthropods including mosquitoes. The endosymbiont is widely used in biocontrol strategies due to its capacity to modulate arthropod reproduction and limit pathogen transmission.
Wolbachia infections are generally assumed to be monoclonal within individual hosts. By reconstructing Wolbachia genomes from naturally-infected single individual Culex pipiens mosquitoes from both ovary and midgut metagenomes, here we show that an ancestral Wolbachia population can evolve to a set of closely related but genetically distinct subpopulations which coexist within the same hosts and are maternally transmitted to host progeny. Our analysis of Wolbachia population genetics within and between organs across individual mosquitoes from Southern France revealed consistent single-nucleotide and single-amino acid variants that we could confirm in egg metagenomes from Northern Africa locations. The striking occurrence of SNVs at identical positions within protein-coding genes in independent and geographically distant samples suggest that the observed Wolbachia genomic variants are potentially important for the biology of the endosymbiont. Overall, the presence of multiple co-existing Wolbachia subpopulations in individual mosquitoes may have critical implications on the use of Wolbachia in fundamental and applied research.