bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pemilihan Karier Akuntan Publik: Determinasi Faktor Internal Dan Eksternal Saat New Normal Pada Lulusan S1 Akuntansi Di Indonesia
Authors: Pangestu Juan Carlos , Margaretha Phebyana , Valentino Tristian
Published: April 2022

Indonesia Business Sector is still experiencing a shortage in terms of the number of public accountants. The need for this number of public accounting professions is an opportunity for S1 graduates to pursue career become a public accountant The need for this number of public accounting professions is certainly an opportunity for undergraduate accounting graduates to work as professional public accountants. However, to become a profession, you must pass the basic level exam, professional level exam and audit experience assessment The research aims to determine the influencing factors S1 graduates in Indonesia to be a public accountant. This research method is quantitative by using multiple regression analysis.. The results showed that the variables of Public Accountant Perception, Knowledge of Accounting Science, Market Considerations showed a significant impact on Career Interest of undergraduate accounting graduates to pursue carrer become a public accountant while Financial Rewards (Financial Rewards) have no significant effect . Suggestions for this research is to add respondents who fill out research questionnaires or undergraduate accounting graduates to be used as research samples. The distribution of questionnaires was also carried out not only in Java, but also on the island of Sumatra and also the island of Kalimantan which will become the capital of the archipelago in the future, so this research can analyze whether interest in a career as a professional Public Accountant is also owned by prospective accounting graduates outside Java.
Pengaruh Manajemen Laba dan Tata Kelola Perusahaan Terhadap Audit Delay
Authors: Kristianti Ika , Setianingsih Anis
Published: April 2022

This study aims to analyze and provide empirical evidence whether the mechanism of corporate governance practices and earnings management has an effect on audit delay. The calculation used in earnings management is discretionary accruals, while the indicators in the governance mechanism are institutional ownership, independent commissioners and audit committees. This study uses the object of research in companies engaged in the tourism, hotel and restaurant sectors listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2017-2020. Research related to the effect of earnings management and corporate governance on audit delays in tourism, hotel and restaurant sector companies is difficult to find so this research was chosen to be carried out, given the importance of timely information (timeliness) and the transition in the tourism sector due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This research is a qualitative research using purposive sampling technique for sample selection. The data that can be processed are 94 samples. Hypothesis testing using multiple linear regression. The results of the study found that earnings management with discretionary accrual methods and institutional ownership had no effect on audit delay. Meanwhile, the independent board of commissioners and the audit committee have a positive effect on audit delay. The conclusion in this study is that the percentage of institutional ownership does not cause delays in submitting the independent auditor's report. Meanwhile, the higher the total number of independent commissioners and audit committee members, it can slow down the audit, causing audit delay.
Kinerja Keuangan Bank Syariah: Perbandingan Studi dari Indonesia, Malaysia, Arab Saudi dan United Emirates Arab
Authors: Umar Ahmad Ulil Albab Al , Haryono Slamet Haryono
Published: April 2022

Perkembangan perbankan syariah semakin pesat berkembang. Indikator pertumbuhan perbankan syariah dapat dilihat dari kinerja keuangan masing-masing bank. Kinerja perbankan syariah memiliki karakteristik serta keunggulan masing-masing dari beberapa aspek. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kinerja keuangan dari beberapa negara yakni Indonesia, Malaysia, Saudi Arabia dan United Emirates Arab. Populasi penelitian ini adalah perbankan syariah di negara Indonesia, Malaysia, Saudi Arabia dan United Emirates Arab. Sampel penelitian ini yakni Bank Muamalat Indonesia (BMI), Maybank Islamic Berhad, Al-Rajhi Bank, Abu Dhabi Islamic Bank. Metode pengukuran kinerja dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode CAMEL. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif dan uji One sample t test menggunakan alat uji SPSS. Berdasarkan uji one sample t test menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan dari rasio CAR, ROA, NPF dan FDR diantara bank syariah di Indonesia, Malaysia, Saudi Arabia dan United Emirates Arab. Implikasi penelitian ini diharapkan dapat sebagai intropeksi serta dapat meningkatkan kinerja masing-masing bank syariah.
Pengaruh Manajemen Modal Kerja, Likuiditas Dan Leverage Terhadap Profitabilitas Pada Perusahaan Consumer Goods Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2017-2020
Authors: Shalini Witya , Christianty Restia , Pattinaja Elna M
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini menggunakan sektor industri barang konsumsi sebagai objek penelitian karena industri ini memiliki kemungkinan terbesar untuk berkembang. Oleh karena itu, setiap perusahaan harus berusaha untuk meningkatkan kinerja perusahaannya sehingga dapat menarik minat investor untuk menanamkan modalnya dengan membeli saham perusahaan tersebut.

Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian tersebut adalah teori pengertian serta penjabaran yang berhubungan manajemen modal kerja, likuiditas, leverage, dan profitabilitas.

Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kuantitatif, sifat penelitian adalah bersifat deduktif dan sampel dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling. Populasi penelitian ini adalah perusahaan Consumer Goods yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2017-2020 sebanyak 37 dan sampel penelitian sebanyak 80 perusahaan selama 4 tahun, yang dianalisis dengan model analisis regresi linier berganda.

Hasil penelitian secara simultan manajemen modal kerja, likuiditas dan leverage berpengaruh terhadap profitabilitas pada perusahaan Consumer Goods di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2017-2020 sebesar 39,6 % sisanya dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain. Secara parsial manajemen modal kerja dan likuiditas  berpengaruh terhadap profitabilitas pada perusahaan Consumer Goods di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2017-2020. Secara parsial leverage tidak berpengaruh terhadap profitabilitas pada perusahaan Consumer Goods di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2017-2020.
Efektivitas Program Pemulihan Ekonomi Nasional bagi Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Indonesia
Authors: Widodo Ulfa Puspa Wanti , Ardhiani Mutiara Rachma
Published: April 2022

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the fiscal and monetary policies implemented by the Indonesian government for economic recovery during the pandemic on economic growth. This study uses a quantitative approach and hypothesis testing is carried out using the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) method. The sample used is the rate of economic growth in Indonesia from 2010 to 2020. The test results show that the PEN program has a positive impact on consumption levels, FDI, DDI, interest rates, and tax revenues but has not been able to provide a positive stimulus for government spending and GDP. It can be concluded that the implementation of the PEN program has been effective for macroeconomic components in Indonesia but not yet effective enough for increasing GDP as a whole.

Keywords: Fiscal Policy, Monetary Policy, Economic Growth, Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
Pengaruh Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, PAD, DAU dan DAK Terhadap Pengalokasian Anggaran Belanja Modal di Kabupaten/Kota Di Sumatera Utara Tahun 2018-2020
Authors: Novita Herlina , Purba Anita Yuli Sari Akbar , Br Perangin-Angin Erika Sri Dwina , Caroline Engie Aurel , Zai Julius Kristofan
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of economic growth, regional original income, general allocation funds, and special allocation funds on the distribution of capital expenditure funds in the regencies and cities of North Sumatra, Indonesia. Purposive sampling was used to pick the samples for this study. Three hundred and ninety-nine samples were included in the study, all of which were from districts or cities in North Sumatra. Statistical analysis, classical assumption testing, and hypothesis testing are the research approaches that were used in this thesis. Secondary data is the kind of information that was utilized. In this research, the findings demonstrate that economic growth, regional original income, general allocation funds, and special distribution funding all have a positive and statistically significant impact on capital expenditures. A partial influence of regional original income and special allocation funds on capital expenditures may be seen, but no effect is shown for economic growth and general allocation funds on capital expenditures
Pengaruh Kurs Tukar, Dana Asing, dan Volume Perdagangan Terhadap Indeks Harga Saham
Authors: Fitriani Tuti , Asnawi Said Kelana , Hendrian Hendrian
Published: April 2022

Fluctuations in the stock price index indicate a market mechanism: the interaction between supply and demand for traded shares. Several factors can influence the movement of the stock price index, including the exchange rate, foreign funds, and trading volume. This study aims to analyze the effect of the exchange rate, foreign funds, and trading volume on the composite stock price index during the 2018-2020 time period, which is calculated weekly, where data on Wednesdays represent weekly data for each variable, so the data in this study amounted to 154 data. This research analysis method uses multiple linear regression with an ordinary least square approach. The results showed that the exchange rate depreciation would significantly reduce the joint-stock price index, while foreign funds and trading volume did not significantly affect the movement of the joint-stock price index in the Indonesia Stock Exchange
Analisis Akuntabilitas, Transparansi, dan Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Pengelolaan Keuangan Dana Desa
Authors: Sulistyowati Rina , Nataliawati Rita
Published: April 2022

The study aims to analyze accountability, transparency and community participation in the financial management on the Mojoranu Village Fund. The data analysis technique uses descriptive qualitative techniques by reducing data, displaying data and drawing conclusions (verification). The results showed that the accountability of financial management of Mojoranu village funds was appropriate. Transparency in the management of Mojoranu's village funds has not been fully transparent, while community participation in development planning such as meetings has been good. Community participation in the implementation of development is good. Community participation in supervision is still lacking. While participation in the evaluation phase was quite good.
The Effect of Tetracyclines on Mitosis’s Pathology in the Cells of Root Meristem Allium cepa L.
Authors: Kantsavaya I. , Minina A.
Published: April 2022

The effect of tetracyclines (tetracycline and doxycycline) on genetic apparatus damage in the cells of root meristem Allium сера L. in the first metaphase after processing and after finishing the recovery period is investigated. Research methods: Allium test, cytogenetic analysis, statistical analysis. The experiment was conducted on a batch of the Stuttgarten variety which is genetically unstable as the result of micronucleus test. It’s indicated that the reaction of the tested material to the effect of tetracyclines depends on the concentration and duration of antibiotics. Aneugenic type aberrations such as mitosis, chromatic agglutination up to the formation of clots were prevailing in the cycling cells. An increase in the proportion of PM (chromatic agglutination, various bridges), the result of which is nucleus pycnosis and cell death was indicated for this genotype after the recovery period. It’s observed that after the recovery period there is a significant increase of cells with mitosis under the influence of tetracycline in the concentration of 20.0 mg/l, on exposure of 23 and 48 hours. The negative influence of tetracycline in the concentration of 100.0 mg/l was investigated, PM value reached 64.2%; the decrease of cells with PM wasn’t observed after the recovery period. In both cases cells with mitosis and chromatic agglutination were dominating. Doxycycline effect in the concentration of 20.0 and 100.0 mg/l caused the doubling of PM in comparison with control. After the recovery period a number of cells regardless of experienced concentration grew due to the increased number of cells with mitosis and chromatic agglutination. It’s necessary to mention different effects of meristematic cells of onion roots under the action of structural isomer which are tetracycline and doxycycline. It’s worth mentioning that the increase in concentration of bacteriostatic antibiotic (tetracycline and doxycycline) is necessary for maximum inactivation on the one hand. On the other hand, negative processes increase in the cells of eukaryotic organisms during the passage of the cell cycle, particularly, mitosis.
Influence of Cultivation Technologies on Structural Indicators of Peanuts
Authors: Seyidaliyev N. , Namazova R.
Published: April 2022

The article notes that the optimization of agro-climatic resources and cultivation technologies in the Ganja-Gazakh region has a positive effect on the structural parameters of the peanut plant. The maximum assimilation surface of peanut leaves (20.2–32.3 thousand m2/ha) is formed during its joint sowing with fast-growing tomatoes, an increase of 19.8%. The joint planting of peanuts with fast-growing tomatoes creates more favorable conditions for the formation of the symbiotic apparatus of legumes (peanuts) and reaches 0.96 0.035 (mass of active alfalfa). A more active functioning of the symbiotic apparatus of arachnids is observed in the period from the beginning of flowering to the beginning of fruit formation. During this period, the number of fists was 38.8–75.1%, weight — 14.3–55.6%.
Comprehending Dance through Empathy: A Spectator’s Total Body-Mind Experience of Watching Wind of May (Moon, 2020)
Authors: Yang Youngeun
Published: April 2022

This article advances a hermeneutico-phenomenological enquiry into the lived experience of watching the recently created ballet, Wind of May (Moon, 2020), to examine the role of empathy in comprehending this dance performance. Drawing on Edith Stein’s work, it shows how dance spectatorship entails dynamic interactions between the core processes of empathy formation, namely, direct multimodal perception, emotional engagement, and cognitive thinking. It further employs Dee Reynolds’s concept of ‘affect’ to highlight how empathic experience can be physically embodied yet non-emotional. In doing so, it argues that empathy involves a total mind-body experience that can be valuable to dance interpretation.
‘How can we know the dancer from the dance?’ Perspectives on Musicality in Human Movement
Authors: Leslie-Spinks Jeremy
Published: April 2022

This paper presents the argument that inherent musicality in human movement is near-universal. I examine data and empirical evidence which suggest that dance, music, speech, and bipedalism are interrelated characteristics, rooted in the earliest moments of our history. The combination of proto-musical, rhythmic, tonal vocalisation and explanatory gesture has been suggested as the seminal beginning, both of dance and of language. This topic has been vigorously debated, indeed some twentieth-century studies dispute the universality of human musicality. Recent technological advances have, however, revealed data which support the case for innate, universal human musicality. I discuss possible reasons for adaptations for music, dance, and speech, and offer examples from neuroscience of our innate beat perception and entrainment ability, with consequent implications for dance as therapy and rehabilitation.
Education, Gift, and Freedom: C.S. Lewis’s Idea of a University
Authors: Nielsen Melinda , Nielsen Philip
Published: April 2022

This article traces C.S. Lewis’s principles of education, articulated consistently through his fiction, academic writing, and theological works. It argues that, working within the tradition of his Oxford ‘Greats’ education, and through influences like Newman and Tolkien, Lewis envisions education primarily as a form of ‘Gift-love’ between persons. For Lewis, then, the qualities of the teacher and the developing habits of the student are of paramount importance at the earlier stages of education. Lewis, however, distinguishes learning from education to mark the later stages of the student’s progress, a transition from dependence on the teacher to independent exploration of a particular field in which, ideally, the student becomes the teacher’s equal and friend. For Lewis, education aims not primarily at data, research, or self-expression; rather, the end of education is intellectual freedom.
The Prospect for Turkish Foreign Policy in Africa Under AK Party Governments
Authors: İNAÇ Hüsamettin , HADJİ Aymene , BENMANSOUR Younes
Published: April 2022

The AK party government coming to the power at the beginning of 2000s has drastically changed the main orientation of Turkish foreign policy. Immediately after the Cold War Turkey followed a foreign policy within the trajectory Western Alliance, but Turkey developed a private concern Ottoman-remnant territory excluding this traditional foreign policy. This assertive and ambitious policy has been called as Neo-Ottomanism by academic circle influenced from the Western literature. As a part of this territory Africa continent has commonly shared culture, history and religion with Turkey. From this perspective, Turkey’s existence in Africa was perceived different form the colonialist and imperialist West in consequence of Turkish people establishing relations on the equal basis and mutual gain (win-win) principles. In this respect, this different stance of Turkey in Africa threaten the Western imperialism in continent. In this context, this study aims to focus on the changing foreign policy dynamics of Turkey together with the Turkey-Africa relations in recent two decades.
State Policies and the US Election Franchise: A Multistage Approach
Authors: Brodnax NaLette , Yoo Ji Su , Sweeney Latanya
Published: April 2022

Studies that examine the impacts of state policies on voter participation tend to focus on one of five stages: eligibility, registration, turnout, balloting, and counting. We argue that because a policy can shape outcomes at multiple stages, this approach of assessing impacts on a single stage offers a limited view of how state policies and practices affect voters as they move through the election franchise. Using nationwide county-level data for presidential elections between 2008 and 2016, we employ a new, multistage approach to estimate the impacts of five categories of policies: eligibility restrictions, voter registration, convenience voting, voter identification, and provisional balloting. We show that in three of the five areas, state policies influenced two or three stages at once. We find persistent downstream effects, where policies hypothesized to influence turnout also influence balloting.
Acute Urticaria and Anaphylaxis: Differences and Similarities in Clinical Management
Authors: Ensina Luis Felipe , Min Taek Ki , Félix Mara Morelo Rocha , de Alcântara Carolina Tavares , Costa Célia
Published: April 2022

Acute urticaria is a common condition that presents with wheals and/or angioedema. However, these symptoms are also frequent in anaphylaxis, a life-threatening reaction that should be immediately diagnosed and treated. In both, mast cells play a central role in the physiopathology. Causes and triggers of acute urticaria and anaphylaxis are similar in general, but some peculiarities can be observed. The diagnostic approach may differ, accordingly to the condition, suspicious causes, age groups and regions. Adrenaline is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis, but not for acute urticaria, where H1-antihistamines are the first choice. In this paper, we review the main aspects, similarities and differences regarding definitions, mechanisms, causes, diagnosis and treatment of acute urticaria and anaphylaxis.
Automatic Identification of Patients With Unexplained Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Electronic Health Record Data to Improve Targeted Treatment and Family Screening
Authors: Sammani Arjan , Jansen Mark , de Vries Nynke M. , de Jonge Nicolaas , Baas Annette F. , te Riele Anneline S. J. M. , Asselbergs Folkert W. , Oerlemans Marish I. F. J.
Published: April 2022

Background

Unexplained Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (ULVH) may be caused by genetic and non-genetic etiologies (e.g., sarcomere variants, cardiac amyloid, or Anderson-Fabry's disease). Identification of ULVH patients allows for early targeted treatment and family screening.

Aim

To automatically identify patients with ULVH in electronic health record (EHR) data using two computer methods: text-mining and machine learning (ML).

Methods

Adults with echocardiographic measurement of interventricular septum thickness (IVSt) were included. A text-mining algorithm was developed to identify patients with ULVH. An ML algorithm including a variety of clinical, ECG and echocardiographic data was trained and tested in an 80/20% split. Clinical diagnosis of ULVH was considered the gold standard. Misclassifications were reviewed by an experienced cardiologist. Sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative likelihood ratios (LHR+ and LHR–) of both text-mining and ML were reported.

Results

In total, 26,954 subjects (median age 61 years, 55% male) were included. ULVH was diagnosed in 204/26,954 (0.8%) patients, of which 56 had amyloidosis and two Anderson-Fabry Disease. Text-mining flagged 8,192 patients with possible ULVH, of whom 159 were true positives (sensitivity, specificity, LHR+, and LHR– of 0.78, 0.67, 2.36, and 0.33). Machine learning resulted in a sensitivity, specificity, LHR+, and LHR– of 0.32, 0.99, 32, and 0.68, respectively. Pivotal variables included IVSt, systolic blood pressure, and age.

Conclusions

Automatic identification of patients with ULVH is possible with both Text-mining and ML. Text-mining may be a comprehensive scaffold but can be less specific than machine learning. Deployment of either method depends on existing infrastructures and clinical applications.
Coenzyme Q10 Reduces Infarct Size in Animal Models of Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: A Meta-Analysis and Summary of Underlying Mechanisms
Authors: Awad Kamal , Sayed Ahmed , Banach Maciej
Published: April 2022

Objective

Effective interventions that might limit myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury are still lacking. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) may exert cardioprotective actions that reduce myocardial I/R injury. We conducted this meta-analysis to assess the potential cardioprotective effect of CoQ10 in animal models of myocardial I/R injury.

Methods

We searched PubMed and Embase databases from inception to February 2022 to identify animal studies that compared the effect of CoQ10 with vehicle treatment or no treatment on myocardial infarct size in models of myocardial I/R injury. Means and standard deviations of the infarct size measurements were pooled as the weighted mean difference with 95% confidence interval (CI) using the random-effects model. Subgroup analyses were also conducted according to animals' species, models' type, and reperfusion time.

Results

Six animal studies (4 in vivo and 2 ex vivo) with 116 animals were included. Pooled analysis suggested that CoQ10 significantly reduced myocardial infarct size by −11.36% (95% CI: −16.82, −5.90, p < 0.0001, I2 = 94%) compared with the control group. The significance of the pooled effect estimate was maintained in rats, Hartley guinea pigs, and Yorkshire pigs. However, it became insignificant in the subgroup of rabbits −5.29% (95% CI: −27.83, 17.26; I2 = 87%). Furthermore, CoQ10 significantly reduced the myocardial infarct size regardless of model type (either in vivo or ex vivo) and reperfusion time (either ≤ 4 h or >4 h).

Conclusion

Coenzyme Q10 significantly decreased myocardial infarct size by 11.36% compared with the control group in animal models of myocardial I/R injury. This beneficial action was retained regardless of model type and reperfusion time.
The Role of Urate in Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents and Young Adults With Hypertension, Assessed by Pulse Wave Velocity
Authors: Močnik Mirjam , Golob Jančič Sonja , Filipič Martina , Marčun Varda Nataša
Published: April 2022

Background

Urate is increasingly recognized as a cardiovascular risk factor. It has been associated with hypertension, metabolic syndrome, obesity, chronic kidney disease and diabetes. Its prognostic role is less clear. The aim of our study was to evaluate the association between serum urate and pulse wave velocity, a measure of arterial stiffness in hypertensive adolescents and young adults.

Methods

269 adolescents and young adults with hypertension were included in the study. From all, anthropometric, blood pressure, pulse wave velocity and serum urate measurements were made. Variables were compared between sex, participants with or without obesity and with or without elevated urate.

Results

In multiple regression analysis for urate as dependent variable gender and diastolic pressure were found to be statistically significant. The difference between urate levels were found between boys and girls (p < 0.001), obese and non-obese (p < 0.001); however, pulse wave velocity did not differ between hyper- and eu-uricemic group (p = 0.162).

Conclusion

Associations between urate, gender, diastolic blood pressure and obesity were confirmed, however, no significant associations between pulse wave velocity and urate were detected.
Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography Analysis of Calcium Content to Identify Non-culprit Vulnerable Plaques in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Pezel Théo , Sideris Georgios , Dillinger Jean-Guillaume , Logeart Damien , Manzo-Silberman Stéphane , Cohen-Solal Alain , Beauvais Florence , Devasenapathy Niveditha , Laissy Jean-Pierre , Henry Patrick
Published: April 2022

Background

Aside from the culprit plaque, the presence of vulnerable plaques in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) may be associated with future cardiac events. A link between calcification and plaque rupture has been previously described.

Aim

To assess whether analysis of the calcium component of coronary plaques using CT angiography, coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) can help to detect additional vulnerable plaques in patients with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI).

Materials And Methods

Cross sectional study of consecutive patients referred for NSTEMI from 30 July to 30 August 2018 with CCTA performed before coronary angiography with systematic optical coherence tomography (OCT) analysis of all coronary arteries within 24 h of clinical onset of NSTEMI. Three types of plaques were defined: culprit plaques defined by angiography (vulnerable culprit plaques–VCP) – plaques with a fibrous cap thickness < 65 microns or thrombus in OCT (vulnerable non-culprit plaque–VNCP) – plaques with a fibrous cap thickness ≥ 65 microns in OCT (stable plaque–SP).

Results

A total of 134 calcified plaques were identified in 29 patients (73% male, 59 ± 14 years) with 29(22%) VCP, 28(21%) VNCP and 77(57%) SP. Using CCTA analysis of the calcium component, factors associated with vulnerable plaques were longer calcification length, larger calcification volume, lower calcium mass, higher Agatston score plaque-specific (ASp), presence of spotty calcifications and an intimal position in the wall. In multivariate analysis, ASp, calcification length and spotty calcifications were independently associated to vulnerable plaques. There was no difference between VCP and VNCP.

Conclusions

CCTA analysis of calcium component of the plaque could help to identify additional vulnerable plaques in NSTEMI patients.
Making Provision for First-Hand Nature-Based Learning Within a Botanic Garden
Authors: MacQuarrie Sarah , Nugent Clare
Published: April 2022

This paper reports on a study of nature play in two botanic gardens where there are normally strict rules about touching and handling plants. Features of nature-based play and learning are presented, and the available evidence is drawn together as the basis for a series of nature interventions trialed within a botanic garden. Data were recorded using three methods: time-sampled observations, annotation of intervention-specific maps, and follow-up feedback forms completed by adults. Findings evidence that the nature play can be fostered in botanic gardens and it is advantageous to support such interaction by carefully promoting play in designated spaces. Visitors embraced play opportunities and valued the freedom to behave and investigate in ways that are a departure from tradition and given the lack of research regarding such play and learning environments such findings ought to be noted as addressing a gap within the literature. Findings are relevant to comparable sites that encounter challenges when balancing differing agendas that include nature conservation with visitor experience. Botanic gardens can offer a useful route to examine conservation, environmental understanding, and stewardship with the youngest members of society as nature play experiences are first-hand and locally relevant.
Species Diversity and Endemicity in the Angolan Leguminosae Flora
Authors: Catarino Silvia , Goyder David , Darbyshire Iain , Costa Esperança , Figueira Rui , Duarte Maria Cristina , Romeiras Maria Manuel
Published: April 2022

Angola has a great diversity of species and ecosystems and a high level of endemism. However, knowledge of the native flora remains very incomplete and outdated. Leguminosae is the largest family in the country, including many species which are of local or more regional economic importance. Based on an extensive review of bibliographic sources, natural history collections, and online databases, the checklist of Angolan Leguminosae plants was updated, including data on their native distribution, conservation status, and principal uses. The endemic taxa were the subject of additional investigation, including the main habitat, the number of collections preserved in herbaria, and the locality of the first collection. We identified 953 Leguminosae taxa occurring in Angola, of which 165 are endemic to the country. Among the 180 genera found, Crotalaria (136) and Indigofera (96) have the highest number of taxa. Almost half of the studied species have important applications, mainly in traditional medicine (385), forage (267), timber (188), and food (120). Nevertheless, only 27.7% have been assessed according to the IUCN Red List and 10 species are classified as threatened. Thirty-three endemics are known only from the type specimen, revealing the lack of knowledge on these species and the need for further field research. More than 30 type specimens were collected in the Serra da Chela, which highlights the importance of this region for biodiversity conservation.
The Efficacy of the Yasmin[Ethinylestradiol-Drospirenone (0.03/3 mg)] Treatment for Postoperative Abortion: A Protocol of Meta-Analysis
Authors: Tian Tian , Feng Huiyan , Liao Xiaoqian , Su Qiling , Li Yunhui , Li Xiaomao
Published: April 2022

Background

Induced abortion is a universal phenomenon and about 25% of pregnancies in the world end in induced abortion. Induced abortion refers to the use of artificial or drug methods to terminate the pregnancy in the early stage of pregnancy, which is a remedy for failed contraception and accidental pregnancy. Induced abortion means surgical abortion. There are two commonly used methods: negative pressure suction abortion and forceps curettage for induced abortion. Abortion is invasive and it will cause great harm to women's reproductive function. Clinically, there are also cases of re-pregnancy within 3 months after abortion or even re-pregnancy without recovery of menstruation. To improve symptoms and reduce these complications, antibiotics, motherwort, and Yasmin[Ethinylestradiol-Drospirenone (0.03/3 mg)] are clinically used alone or in combination after induced abortion.

Methods

Data were collected from six databases, including three English databases of Cochrane Library, PubMed and Embase, and three Chinese databases of CNKI, Wanfang, and Weipu. The original indicators of vaginal bleeding, menstrual recovery time, bleeding time, endometrial thickness 21 days after surgery and so on were included, and the incidence of postoperative bleeding less than menstrual volume, menstrual re-fluid time ≤ 37 days, bleeding time ≤ 7 days, re-pregnancy without menstruation, re-pregnancy within 3 months after the operation, the total incidence of postoperative complications were based on the ratio of the number of events in the group to the total number of people in the group reported in the literature. Review Manager 5.4 software was downloaded from the Cochrane website to evaluate the quality of the literature and analyze the results using random or fixed-effects models. The outcome of index data is divided into two types, one is dichotomy, and the other is measurement data. The binary data is expressed by odds ratio (OR), and the measurement data is expressed by mean difference (MD), and the confidence interval of both is 95%.

Results

After completing this meta-analysis, the results will be available.

Conclusion

The results will provide reliable data basis for the value of Yasmin combined with antibiotics and Motherwort in postoperative induced abortion.

PROSPERO Registration Number

CRD42021246764.
Fertility Outcome and Safety of Ethiodized Poppy Seed Oil for Hysterosalpingography in 1,053 Infertile Patients: A Real-World Study
Authors: Li Hongjiang , Ren Yannan , Yan Jianxiang , Huang Meiling , Zheng Bolin , Luo Xiangmin , Huang Suzhen , Cai Siqing
Published: April 2022

Objective

Ethiodized poppy seed oil for hysterosalpingography (HSG) is reported to display some therapeutic effect on infertility, but big a sample-size study under real clinical settings is still lacking to verify the speculation. Thus, this real-world study enrolled 1,053 infertile patients who underwent ethiodized poppy seed oil-based HSG to explore its fertility enhancement value.

Method

A total of 1,053 infertile patients who underwent HSG using ethiodized poppy seed oil as the contrast medium were retrospectively analyzed. The live birth rate and 3-, 6-, 12-month and total pregnancy rate were retrieved. Besides, adverse events during and after HSG were recorded.

Results

The 3-, 6-, 12-month and total pregnancy rate was 22, 36.8, 50, and 53.8%, respectively. The total live birth rate was 42.7%. Sub-group analyses showed that pregnancy rate was 53.7, 53.8, 54.1, and 62.4% in subgroups of primary infertility patients, secondary infertility patients, infertility patients with fallopian tube disease, and infertility patients with unknown cause, respectively. Meanwhile the live birth rate was 44.3, 41.3, 41.5, and 59.2% in these subgroups, separately. Multivariate logistic regression analysis disclosed that BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2, history of dysmenorrhea, and abnormity of sperm count or motility-related infertility were independently correlated with reduced pregnancy rate and livebirth rate (All Ps < 0.05). Adverse events mainly included pain (20.6%) and interstitial reflux (7.9%), which were mild and tolerable.

Conclusion

Ethiodized poppy seed oil for HSG discloses a satisfying fertility outcome with a tolerable safety profile in infertile patients; meanwhile, this effect might be influenced by BMI, history of dysmenorrhea, and paternal abnormity of sperm.
CD38 Expression by Antigen-Specific CD4 T Cells Is Significantly Restored 5 Months After Treatment Initiation Independently of Sputum Bacterial Load at the Time of Tuberculosis Diagnosis
Authors: Hiza Hellen , Hella Jerry , Arbués Ainhoa , Sasamalo Mohamed , Misana Veronica , Fellay Jacques , Gagneux Sébastien , Reither Klaus , Portevin Damien
Published: April 2022

T cell activation markers (TAM) expressed by antigen-specific T cells constitute promising candidates to attest the presence of an active infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Reciprocally, their modulation may be used to assess antibiotic treatment efficacy and eventually attest disease resolution. We hypothesized that the phenotype of Mtb-specific T cells may be quantitatively impacted by the load of bacteria present in a patient. We recruited 105 Tanzanian adult tuberculosis (TB) patients and obtained blood before and after 5 months of antibiotic treatment. We studied relationships between patients' clinical characteristics of disease severity and microbiological as well as molecular proxies of bacterial load in sputum at the time of diagnosis. Besides, we measured by flow cytometry the expression of CD38 or CD27 on CD4+ T cells producing interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and/or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in response to a synthetic peptide pool covering the sequences of Mtb antigens ESAT-6, CFP-10, and TB10.4. Reflecting the difficulty to extrapolate bacterial burden from a single end-point read-out, we observed statistically significant but weak correlations between Xpert MTB/RIF, molecular bacterial load assay and time to culture positivity. Unlike CD27, the resolution of CD38 expression by antigen-specific T cells was observed readily following 5 months of antibiotic therapy. However, the intensity of CD38-TAM signals measured at diagnosis did not significantly correlate with Mtb 16S RNA or rpoB DNA detected in patients' sputa. Altogether, our data support CD38-TAM as an accurate marker of infection resolution independently of sputum bacterial load.
Impact of Oxygen Saturation on Mortality in Obese and Non-obese Critically Ill Patients With Mechanical Ventilation: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Li Tong , Zhou Dawei , Zhao Dong , Lin Qing , Wang Dijia , Wang Chao , Zhang Rongli
Published: April 2022

Background

The main aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of oxygen saturation on mortality in critically ill patients with mechanical ventilation according to obesity status.

Methods

We conducted an observational study in mechanically ventilated patients admitted to the ICU retrospectively. Demographic, arterial blood gas, ventilator setting, interventions, and peripheral oxygen saturation (Spo2) during the first 24 h were recorded and analyzed between non-obese and obese patients. The main exposure included Spo2, time-weighted mean Spo2 (TWM-Spo2), and proportion of time spent in different Spo2 (PTS-Spo2) levels. The primary outcome was hospital mortality. We used multivariable logistic regression models to assess the relationship between Spo2 and mortality, as well as the interaction between PTS-Spo2 and obesity status.

Results

A total of 25,100 patients were included, of which 10,564 (42%) were obese patients. After adjusting for confounders, compared with TWM-Spo2 of 94–98%, TWM-Spo2 of < =88% (OR 3.572; CI [2.343, 5.455]; p < 0.001) and of 89–93% (OR 1.514; CI [1.343, 1.706]; p < 0.001) were both associated with higher risk of mortality. PTS-Spo2 of 99–100% was associated with increased risk of mortality for obese patients (OR 1.028; 95% CI 1.010–1.046; p = 0.002; Pinteraction = 0.001), while PTS-Spo2 of 89–93% was associated with increased risk of mortality (OR 1.089; 95% CI 1.051–1.128; p < 0.001; Pinteraction = 0.001) for non-obese patients.

Conclusions

For obese and non-obese critically ill patients with mechanical ventilation, the impact of oxygen saturation on hospital mortality is different.
Foveal Phase Retardation Correlates With Optically Measured Henle Fiber Layer Thickness
Authors: Yuhas Phillip T. , Ciamacca Marisa L. , Ramsey Keith A. , Mayne Danielle M. , Stern-Green Elizabeth A. , Ohr Matthew , Zimmerman Aaron , Hartwick Andrew T. E. , VanNasdale Dean A.
Published: April 2022

This study quantified and compared phase retardation distribution in the central macula with the thickness of the Henle fiber layer (HFL). A scanning laser polarimeter (SLP) was used to acquire 20° × 40° macular-centered images, either with fixed corneal compensation or with variable corneal compensation, in two cohorts of clinically normal subjects (N = 36). Phase retardation maps from SLP imaging were used to generate a macular cross pattern (fixed compensation) or an annulus pattern (variable compensation) centered on the macula. Intensity profiles in the phase retardation maps were produced using annular regions of interest at eccentricities from 0.25° to 3°. Pixel intensity was averaged at each eccentricity, acting as a surrogate for macular phase retardation. Directional OCT images were acquired in the horizontal and vertical meridians in all subjects, allowing visualization of the HFL thickness. HFL thickness was manually segmented in each meridian and averaged. In both cohorts, phase retardation and HFL thickness were highly correlated in the central 3° assessed, providing further evidence that the source of the phase retardation signal in the central macula is dominated by the HFL and that the center of the macula on cross sectional imaging corresponds closely with the center of the macular cross on SLP imaging.
Case Report: Pediatric Hepatic Rhabdomyosarcoma With Maximum Lifetime
Authors: Li Xu , Li Xiang , Yang Dian-Fei , Li Miao , Xu Hong-Qin , Zheng Shuang , Gao Pu-Jun
Published: April 2022

Primary intrahepatic rhabdomyosarcoma is an extremely rare malignant tumor. Here, we describe a case of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the liver in a 7-year-old boy without any symptoms. Serologically, the patient showed abnormal levels of serum tumor markers and liver function. Imaging revealed a large mass in the left lobe of the liver and no lesions elsewhere. At first, the patient was misdiagnosed by percutaneous liver biopsy as having clear cell sarcoma. However, the final diagnosis was established to be hepatic embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma based on postoperative histopathology and typical immunohistochemical staining, which was positive for desmin and myogenin. For treatment, the patient received two cycles of preoperative chemotherapy, prophylactic radiotherapy, and 13 cycles of combined postoperative chemotherapy. Routine follow-ups after all treatment conducted by imaging examinations showed no sign of recurrence or metastasis over 13 months, and the patient survives more than 38 months since initial diagnosis. To our knowledge, this patient is the first with hepatic rhabdomyosarcoma to receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy (preoperative chemotherapy) combined with relative comprehensive treatment and achieve a favorable result.
Plant Growth-Promoting Ability of Mycorrhizal Fusarium Strain KB-3 Enhanced by Its IAA Producing Endohyphal Bacterium, Klebsiella aerogenes
Authors: Cheng Sheng , Jiang Jian-Wei , Tan Li-Tao , Deng Jian-Xin , Liang Peng-Yu , Su Hang , Sun Zheng-Xiang , Zhou Yi
Published: April 2022

Fusarium oxysporum KB-3 had been reported as a mycorrhizal fungus of Bletilla striata, which can promote the seed germination and vegetative growth. Endohyphal bacteria were demonstrated in the hyphae of the KB-3 by 16S rDNA PCR amplification and SYTO-9 fluorescent nucleic acid staining. A strain Klebsiella aerogenes KE-1 was isolated and identified based on the multilocus sequence analysis. The endohyphal bacterium was successfully removed from the wild strain KB-3 (KB-3−), and GFP-labeled KE-1 was also transferred to the cured strain KB-3− (KB-3+). The production of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in the culturing broths of strains of KE-1, KB-3, KB-3−, and KB-3+ was examined by HPLC. Their IAA productions were estimated using Salkowski colorimetric technique. The highest concentrations of IAA were 76.9 (at 48 h after inoculation), 31.4, 9.6, and 19.4 μg/ml (at 60 h after inoculation), respectively. Similarly, the three fungal cultural broths exhibited plant promoting abilities on the tomato root and stem growth. The results indicated that the ability of mycorrhizal Fusarium strain KB-3 to promote plant growth was enhanced because its endohyphal bacterium, Klebsiella aerogenes KE-1, produced a certain amount of IAA.
Oral Treatments With the TrkB Ligand Prodrug, R13, Promote Enhanced Axon Regeneration Following Peripheral Nerve Injury
Authors: English Arthur W. , Carrasco Dario , Hoffman Dustin , Isaacson Robin , Kang Seong Su , Khan Samia , Liu Xia , Ye Keqiang
Published: April 2022

Axon regeneration after peripheral nerve injury is slow and inefficient, leading to generally poor functional recovery. Activity-dependent experimental therapies that increase expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its TrkB receptors enhance regeneration, suggesting that treatments with BDNF might also be effective. However, recombinant human BDNF (rhBDNF), as well as 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF), a small molecular BDNF mimetic, may have limited treatment applications because of their modest oral bioavailability and pharmacokinetic profile. R13 is a 7,8-DHF prodrug. Upon oral administration, it is converted in the liver to 7,8-DHF. In immunoblots from tissues at the site of nerve injury, a single oral treatment with R13 to mice following sciatic nerve transection and repair produced a rapid and prolonged increase in immunoreactivity to phosphorylated TrkB, prolonged phosphorylation of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK/Erk1/2), and a rapid but transient increase in phosphorylated AKT (protein kinase B). Intramuscular injections of fluorescent retrograde tracers into the gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior muscles 4 weeks after nerve injury resulted in significantly greater numbers of labeled motoneurons and dorsal root ganglion neurons in R13-treated mice than in vehicle-treated controls. Direct electromyographic (EMG) responses (M waves) were significantly larger in R13-treated mice 4 weeks after injury than vehicle-treated controls or mice treated with oral 7,8-DHF. Oral treatments with the prodrug, R13, are a potent therapy for stimulating axon regeneration and functional recovery after peripheral nerve injury.
Disease-Modifying Drugs and Breastfeeding in Multiple Sclerosis: A Narrative Literature Review
Authors: Capone Fioravante , Albanese Angela , Quadri Giorgia , Di Lazzaro Vincenzo , Falato Emma , Cortese Antonio , De Giglio Laura , Ferraro Elisabetta
Published: April 2022

Pregnancy-related issues in women with multiple sclerosis (MS) have been receiving increasing attention, with particular interest for the use of disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) before conception, during pregnancy, and postpartum, including breastfeeding. The risk of relapse is higher in the early postpartum period, especially in cases of significant disease activity prior to pregnancy, and thus treatment resumption and/or switching strategies might be necessary. Moreover, breastfeeding provides unmatched health benefits for babies and mothers, and is recommended as the best source of nutrition for infants. Furthermore, a protective role of breastfeeding on MS disease course has not been fully demonstrated and it remains debatable. At the same time, a source of concern is the potential transfer of DMTs into breastmilk and the resulting infant exposure. The use of most DMTs is unlicensed during breastfeeding mainly due to the limited data available on the excretion in human milk and on the effects on infants' exposure. Consequently, women have to face the difficult challenge of choosing between breastfeeding and DMT resumption. The present narrative review summarizes and discusses the available evidence on the safety of DMTs during breastfeeding and the relative approved labels. At the time of diagnosis of MS, specific counseling should be offered to women of childbearing age, making them aware of the possible therapeutic options and their impact on pregnancy and breastfeeding. Women can be encouraged to breastfeed, if clinically feasible, following a review of their medications and clinical status, with a personalized approach.