bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic Modulation of BET1L Confers Colorectal Cancer Susceptibility by Reducing miRNA Binding and m6A Modification
Authors: Li Shuwei , Du Mulong , Xu Kaili , Ben Shuai , Zhu Tianru , Guo Mengfan , Xin Junyi , Zhu Lingjun , Gu Dongying , Zhang Zhengdong , Wang Meilin
Published: April 2023

Genetic variants in regions encoding 3′ untranslated regions (UTR) of mRNA potentially alter miRNA binding affinity and N6-methyladenosine (m6A) levels to affect gene expression. A better understanding of the association of these variants with colorectal cancer susceptibility could facilitate development of cancer prevention and treatment approaches. Here, we analyzed miRNA expression profiles and integrated genetic analyses from 8,533 individuals to evaluate the effects of altered miRNA-binding sites on colorectal cancer risk. The single-nucleotide polymorphism rs11245997 in the BET1L 3′UTR was significantly associated with colorectal cancer risk. The rs11245997 A allele facilitated BET1L expression by disrupting miR-140–3p binding. It also reduced BET1L m6A modification, which upregulated BET1L expression levels through a mechanism mediated by the m6A methyltransferases (METTL14 and WTAP) and the m6A demethylase ALKBH5. Moreover, higher expression of BET1L was associated with advanced tumor stages and poor patient prognosis. Increased BET1L expression promoted growth of colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, which could be partially rescued with miR-140–3p overexpression. RNA sequencing and pathway analyses indicated that BET1L is associated with the steroid biosynthesis pathway through regulation of HSD17B7, CYP27B1, and COMT. These findings provide insights into the involvement of genetic variants of BET1L in the development and progression of colorectal cancer.

Significance:

The integration of miRNA expression profiles and genetic variants identified rs11245997 as a colorectal cancer risk-related variant that reduces miR-140–3p binding and m6A modification, leading to BET1L upregulation to promote colorectal tumorigenesis.
Devimistat in Combination with Gemcitabine and Cisplatin in Biliary Tract Cancer: Preclinical Evaluation and Phase Ib Multicenter Clinical Trial (BilT-04)
Authors: Mohan Arathi , Griffith Kent A. , Wuchu Fulei , Zhen David B. , Kumar-Sinha Chandan , Crysler Oxana , Hsiehchen David , Enzler Thomas , Dippman Dominique , Gunchick Valerie , Achreja Abhinav , Animasahun Olamide , Choppara Srinadh , Nenwani Minal , Chinnaiyan Arul M. , Nagrath Deepak , Zalupski Mark M. , Sahai Vaibhav
Published: April 2023

Purpose:

Devimistat (CPI-613) is a novel inhibitor of tumoral mitochondrial metabolism. We investigated the effect of devimistat in vitro and in a phase Ib clinical trial in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC).

Patients and Methods:

Cell viability assays of devimistat ± gemcitabine and cisplatin (GC) were performed and the effect of devimistat on mitochondrial respiration via oxygen consumption rate (OCR) was evaluated. A phase Ib/II trial was initiated in patients with untreated advanced BTC. In phase Ib, devimistat was infused over 2 hours in combination with GC on days 1 and 8 every 21 days with a primary objective to determine the recommended phase II dose (RP2D). Secondary objectives included safety, overall response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS).

Results:

In vitro, devimistat with GC had a synergistic effect on two cell lines. Devimistat significantly decreased OCR at higher doses and in arms with divided dosing. In the phase Ib trial, 20 patients received a median of nine cycles (range, 3–19). One DLT was observed, and the RP2D of devimistat was determined to be 2,000 mg/m2 in combination with GC. Most common grade 3 toxicities included neutropenia (n = 11, 55%), anemia (n = 4, 20%), and infection (n = 3, 15%). There were no grade 4 toxicities. After a median follow-up of 15.6 months, ORR was 45% and median PFS was 10 months (95% confidence interval, 7.1–14.9). Median OS is not yet estimable.

Conclusions:

Devimistat in combination with GC is well tolerated and has an acceptable safety profile in patients with untreated advanced BTC.
Oligometastases: Characterizing the Role of Epigenetic Regulation of Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition
Authors: Katipally Rohan R. , Pitroda Sean P. , Weichselbaum Ralph R. , Hellman Samuel
Published: April 2023

The “oligometastasis” hypothesis proposes that metastases exist as a spectrum and are not always disseminated. According to this theory, a subset of patients with metastatic disease could benefit from aggressive local therapies. However, the identification of patients most likely to exhibit an oligometastatic phenotype remains challenging. Recent literature focusing on basic and translational studies has identified novel epigenetic regulators of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the emergence of a spectrum of metastatic behavior. Herein, we review these scientific advances and suggest that the spectrum of metastatic virulence produced by these epigenetic mechanisms broadly contributes to the emergence of clinically evident “oligometastases.” Epigenetic regulation of EMT programs can result in a spectrum of cell trajectories (e.g., quasi-mesenchymal and highly mesenchymal states) with differential propensity to develop metastases. We propose that quasi-mesenchymal cell states may be associated with a polymetastatic phenotype, whereas highly mesenchymal cell states may be associated with a more oligometastatic phenotype. The mechanisms governing epigenetic regulation of EMT and its array of intermediate states are multifaceted and may contribute to the development of the metastatic spectrum observed clinically. Within this context, translational studies that support the role of EMT and its epigenetic regulation are discussed. Continued translation of these mechanistic discoveries into novel biomarkers may help optimally select patients most likely to exhibit an oligometastatic phenotype and benefit from aggressive local therapies, such as surgery, radiotherapy, and other ablative procedures.
Syntax and Pronominal Competence in Post-Classical Greek and the Septuagint
Authors: Dhont Marieke
Published: April 2023

Scholars are often struck by the frequent use of pronouns in the Septuagint, particularly placed in postposition, linking both these aspects to the translation technique or the competency of the translators. In this article, I argue that pronominal usage in the Septuagint can be linked to developments in post-classical Greek more so than to interference from the source text. I focus particularly on pronominal usage in relation to syntax and word order to show that the traditional approach to translation technique has limited our understanding of linguistic features in the Septuagint, and deal with questions that arise from an approach to the Septuagint as reflective of post-classical Greek, namely, what can pronouns in the Septuagint tell us about the educational background of the translators and their translation methods?
New and little known taxa of the order Orthoptera (Insecta) from the Upper Triassic and Lower Jurassic of England
Authors: GOROCHOV ANDREI V. , CORAM ROBERT A.
Published: April 2023

New material of Orthoptera from the Upper Triassic and Lower Jurassic of England is considered. Some problems with generic composition and diagnostics of the subfamily Protogryllinae (Protogryllidae) from the suborder Ensifera and of the subfamily Locustopsinae (Locustopsidae) from the suborder Caelifera are discussed. One new genus and two new species are described: Daniilacheta aristovi gen. et sp. nov. (Protogryllinae) and Plesioschwinzia sharovi sp. nov. (Locustopsinae). Some additional species, previously attributed to Locustopsis Handlirsch, are tentatively included in Plesioschwinzia Zessin. New specimens, possibly belonging to Locustopsis spectabilis Zeuner, are briefly described and illustrated.
Plectrocnemia aristovi sp. nov., a new fossil species of Polycentropodidae (Insecta: Trichoptera) from Eocene Rovno amber
Authors: MELNITSKY STANISLAV I. , IVANOV VLADIMIR D.
Published: April 2023

Forty-five species of caddisflies are known from Rovno amber (Ivanov et al., 2016; Perkovsky, 2017; Melnitsky et al., 2021a–c). The new 24 caddisfly species from 8 families (Psychomyiidae – 1, Polycentropodidae – 11, Ecnomidae – 2, Philopotamidae – 2,  Hydroptilidae – 4, Phryganeidae – 1, Lepidostomatidae – 1, Leptoceridae – 3) of Rovno amber are described in recent papers of last decade (Melnitsky & Ivanov, 2010, 2013, 2016 a, b; Melnitsky et al., 2021a–c). The family Polycentropodidae includes more than 910 species in the world fauna, of which about 100 are fossils (Morse, 2023). The genus Plectrocnemia contains over 160 species; representatives of this genus are widespread in the Holarctic and Oriental realms. The genus Plectrocnemia is represented by 27 fossil species in the Paleogene resins of Europe, five of which are noted in Rovno amber (Melnitsky et al., 2021a). Three species: Plectrocnemia nastigermania Melnitsky & Ivanov, 2013, Plectrocnemia ucrainum Melnitsky & Ivanov, 2013, and Plectrocnemia kirmikhia Melnitsky, Ivanov & Perkovsky, 2021 are endemic to Rovno amber. Here we describe a new species from the genus Plectrocnemia from the Rovno amber.
A new caddisfly species Kamopanorpa aristovi sp. nov. of the family Microptysmatidae (Insecta, Trichoptera) from the Middle Permian of Udmurtya, Russia
Authors: SUKATSHEVA IRINA D. , SINITSHENKOVA NINA D.
Published: April 2023

The family Microptysmatidae O. Martynova, 1958 is fairly widespread in the Permian of Eurasia. The oldest representatives of the family are known from the Sakmarian deposits of the Czech Republic (Lower Permian) (Kukalová-Peck & Willmann, 1990). Microptismatids have not yet been found in Mesozoic deposits.
The oldest known larvae of Megaloptera (Insecta) from the Triassic of Ukraine
Authors: PROKIN ALEXANDER A. , BASHKUEV ALEXEY S.
Published: April 2023

The oldest unquestionable fishfly, Izyumochauliodes aristovi gen. et sp. nov. (Corydalidae, Chauliodinae), is described based on several larval fossils from the Upper Triassic Garazhovka locality in eastern Ukraine (Seversky Donets River basin, Kharkiv Region). The new genus with a typical Chauliodinae structure of the abdomen is distinguished from all other genera of the subfamily by having the occipital suture ventrally directed forward along the gula and reaching the submentum, and by the shape of mandibula with evenly curved inner margin, both characters similar to Sialidae. Another, poorly preserved larva, found in the same locality, is attributed to Sialidae incertae sedis and also represents the oldest record of the family. The co-occurrence of fossil larvae of both known families in the same locality is the palaeontological evidence for the Triassic divergence of the extant megalopteran lineages.
Laser Effects on Bioheat Transfer with Non-Newtonian Hybird Nanofluid Flow: Analytical Method with Finite Sine and Laplace Transforms
Authors: Elelamy Asmaa F.
Published: April 2023

In this paper the effects of laser irradiation on MHD Non-Newtonian hybird nanofluid flow and bioheat transfer have been proposed. If the tissue is vertical and there is a sudden change in environmental temperature, free convection will flow and bioheat transfer must be solved in conjunction
with hydrodynamics equations of nanofluid (blood) motion. The bioheat transfer within the tissue can be formulated in mathematical model as an initial and boundary value problem. The non-linear system of partial differential equations is solved analytically by applying Laplace transform with
the help of finite Fourier sine transform. The energy equation assumes that the tissue temperature and blood phase are identical. The blood velocity profile is decreasing in parallel with the rise of fluid parameters. This implies that the medication conveyance therapy lessens the tumor volume
and helps in annihilating malignancy cells by applying small parameters such as Casson parameter. The bioheat tissue temperature distribution increases as the both magnetite nanoparticles and multi-walled carbon nanotubes increase. Therefore, we enhance the physical properties of the blood
by immersing the magnetite nanoparticles through it. The hybrid volume of nanoparticles will be more effective in enhancing blood velocity and tissue temperature by laser nanoparticle method.
Impact of Moving/Exponentially Accelerated Vertical Plate on Unsteady Flow and Heat Transfer in Hybrid Nanofluids
Authors: Rajesh Vemula , Öztop Hakan F. , Abu-Hamdeh Nidal H.
Published: April 2023

The main goal of this work is to explore exact analytical solutions for the transient hybrid nanofluid flow with heat transfer owing to a moving/exponentially accelerating infinite flat vertical plate with heat flux boundary conditions. Further, the uniqueness of this work is to investigate
the impact of different types of hybrid nanofluids on heat transfer and unsteady flow features in the existence of thermal radiation and heat flux boundary conditions. For engineering variables like Nusselt number and skin friction coefficient, along with temperature and velocity profiles,
graphs are used to reveal the results of the Laplace transform method. Increased heat transfer and friction values have been found for an exponentially accelerating plate. The findings can be utilized in heat exchangers as well as in electronics and chemical and biological reactors.
Thermo-Hydraulic Phenomena of Water-Al2O3 Nanofluid Flow Over a Rectangular Channel with Trapezoidal Obstacles
Authors: Saha Sandip , Prasad V. Ramachandra , Beg O. Anwar , Das Apurba Narayan
Published: April 2023

Numerical simulations of water-Al2O3 nanofluid flow in a rectangular channel with two trapezoidal obstacles have been studied, which has rmarkable effect in various engineering applications. The governing equations have been solved using SIMPLEC algorithm and FLUENT
software has been used to visualize the simulation results. Motivation of this work is to examine the dynamic behavior of laminar water-Al2O3 nanofluid flow for volume fraction, ψ = 0%, 2%, and 4%. The present study analyzes different hydrothermal flow phenomena
with the variation in obstacle height and ψ. Moreover, the simulation results, such as the profiles of velocity, normalized temperature (θ), poiseuille number (CfRe), local Nusselt number (Nu), average Nusselt number (Nuavg)
and friction factor (f) have been portrayed with the variations in ψ and Reynolds number (Re). It has been observed that the obstacles increase the convective heat transfer (HT) significantly. At Re = 100, for all the configurations it has been found that the
velocity profile become more pronounced for ψ = 4% as compared to ψ = 0%. A linear relationship has been found between the values of f and ψ. It is also found that an increase in Re increases vortex length. It is also shown that variation of volume
fraction (ψ) and obstacle height resulted in an indicative change in the normalized temperature and velocity along the center line. In type-1 obstacle configuration, it has been found that Nuavg increases by 6.6% at ψ = 2%, and the same increases by
10.73% at ψ = 4% as compared to that at ψ = 0%. Moreover, it has been found that in type-2 obstacle configuration, value of f increases by approximately 7.9% at ψ = 2% and 13.84% at ψ = 4% as compared to that at ψ = 0%.
Comparison of Three Radar-Based Precipitation Nowcasts for the Extreme July 2021 Flooding Event in Germany
Authors: Saadi Mohamed , Furusho-Percot Carina , Belleflamme Alexandre , Trömel Silke , Kollet Stefan , Reinoso-Rondinel Ricardo
Published: April 2023

Quantitative precipitation nowcasts (QPN) can improve the accuracy of flood forecasts, especially for lead times up to 12 h, but their evaluation depends on a variety of factors, namely, the choice of the hydrological model and the benchmark. We tested three precipitation nowcasting techniques based on radar observations for the disastrous mid-July 2021 event in seven German catchments (140–1670 km2). Two deterministic [advection-based and spectral prognosis (S-PROG)] and one probabilistic [Short-Term Ensemble Prediction System (STEPS)] QPN with a maximum lead time of 3 h were used as input to two hydrological models: a physically based, 3D-distributed model (ParFlowCLM) and a conceptual, lumped model (GR4H). We quantified the hydrological added value of QPN compared with hydrological persistence and zero-precipitation nowcasts as benchmarks. For the 14 July 2021 event, we obtained the following key results. 1) According to the quality of the forecasted hydrographs, exploiting QPN improved the lead times by up to 4 h (8 h) compared with adopting zero-precipitation nowcasts (hydrological persistence) as a benchmark. Using a skill-based approach, obtained improvements were up to 7–12 h depending on the benchmark. 2) The three QPN techniques obtained similar performances regardless of the applied hydrological model. 3) Using zero-precipitation nowcasts instead of hydrological persistence as benchmark reduced the added value of QPN. These results highlight the need for combining a skill-based approach with an analysis of the quality of forecasted hydrographs to rigorously estimate the added value of QPN.
COVID-19 Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, and Vaccine-Related Decision Making among Immigrants: A Cross-Sectional Exploratory Study
Authors: Jain Parul , Ahmed Rukhsana
Published: April 2023

Immigrants are disproportionally impacted by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and of the reported positive cases and fatalities, many are from historically disadvantaged groups that face severe health inequities and suffer from health disparities. Therefore, in the current research, using cross-sectional survey of immigrants, we conduct an exploratory investigation to examine their Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) regarding COVID-19 and the vaccine. In addition, we explore the role of subjective norms and response efficacy on vaccine-related decision making. The findings reveal that most participants were knowledgeable regarding the COVID-19 infection and the vaccine and practiced important safety behaviors to contain the spread. In addition, a significant effect of social norms and response efficacy on vaccine intentions were found suggesting the importance of integrating normative, culturally informed messaging while designing health campaigns for this hard-to-reach population. Given the small sample size, due to it being a hard-to-reach population, the findings should not be generalized, and future research should extend the study to draw broader conclusions. Implications of the findings are discussed.
How New Ideas Diffuse in Science
Authors: Cheng Mengjie , Smith Daniel Scott , Ren Xiang , Cao Hancheng , Smith Sanne , McFarland Daniel A.
Published: April 2023

What conditions enable novel intellectual contributions to diffuse and become integrated into later scientific work? Prior work tends to focus on whole cultural products, such as patents and articles, and emphasizes external social factors as important. This article focuses on concepts as reflections of ideas, and we identify the combined influence that social factors and internal intellectual structures have on ideational diffusion. To develop this perspective, we use computational techniques to identify nearly 60,000 new ideas introduced over two decades (1993 to 2016) in the Web of Science and follow their diffusion across 38 million later publications. We find new ideas diffuse more widely when they socially and intellectually resonate. New ideas become core concepts of science when they reach expansive networks of unrelated authors, achieve consistent intellectual usage, are associated with other prominent ideas, and fit with extant research traditions. These ecological conditions play an increasingly decisive role later in an idea’s career, after their relations with the environment are established. This work advances the systematic study of scientific ideas by moving beyond products to focus on the content of ideas themselves and applies a relational perspective that takes seriously the contingency of their success.
Successful Utilization of Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta in a Pediatric Patient
Authors: Pullizzi Alexis E. , Moore Scott M. , Stiles Anquonette L. , McIntyre Sarah A.
Published: April 2023

In the United States, pediatric trauma resulting in traumatic brain injury (TBI) and massive hemorrhage is the leading cause of death. Although use of Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta (REBOA) continues to gain favor, limited data exists on use and efficacy in pediatric patients. We describe a case using REBOA in a pediatric patient with blunt abdominal injury causing hemorrhagic shock. A 14-year-old female presented via air to a level 1 trauma center post motor vehicle collision with prolonged extraction. At landing, she was hemodynamically unstable with GCS and vitals indicating severe injuries. Further assessment indicated REBOA catheter placement with advancement to zone 1. Upon surgical stabilization, REBOA was deflated and distal pulses were maintained without complication. In cases where massive hemorrhage is the major threat to survival, REBOA may improve outcomes. Unfortunately, this patient had sustained a nonsurvivable TBI, and the family decided upon organ donation.
Moral Distress Amongst District Leaders: Intensity, Dilemmas, and Coping Mechanisms in the Context of Covid-19
Authors: Walls Jeff , Seashore Louis Karen
Published: April 2023

Purpose: This study examines the sources and intensity of moral distress among school district leaders during the first full school year of the Covid-19 pandemic and investigates their coping mechanisms for addressing issues that create moral dilemmas for them. Design and Evidence: We draw on semi-structured interviews with 26 school district leaders across 13 school districts in the Northwestern United States. Brief summaries detailing themes in each interview were prepared. Magnitude coding was used to understand the intensity of district leaders’ feelings of distress. Open coding and axial coding allowed us to categorize the origins/sources of distress and the approaches/strategies district leaders used to reduce feelings of moral distress. Findings: Reported moral distress ranged from none to moderate but manageable amounts. Three types of problems were described as morally distressing: political problems with the community or unions, staff problems including staff stress, staff resistance, and collaboration amongst staff members, and an inability to meet student needs due to resource, policy, or community/family constraints. Leaders’ coping mechanisms included social responses such as team building, but also drew on individual virtues such as persistence and patience. Implications: Within the ranks of district leaders, the extent to which leaders frame their challenges in a moral frame is varied. A sizable group articulated challenges with implications for moral action in primarily technical or political terms. If district leaders engage unevenly with the moral tradeoffs of their decisions, they risk adopting an overly managerialist frame.
Mitigating anxiety: The role of strategic leadership groups during radical organisational change
Authors: Jarrett Michael , Vince Russ
Published: April 2023

This article examines the role of strategic leadership groups in radical organisational change. Previous research has focused on how ‘heroic’ individual leaders guide change. In contrast, we argue that strategic leadership groups are indispensable to understanding and supporting radical organisational change. Building on a longitudinal study in a global European company, our research identifies four phases of ‘negotiated order’ that shape group and organisational responses to change. Our findings reveal that strategic leadership groups help manage emotions and understand the shifting authority relations that inevitably arise during periods of change. Drawing upon the psychoanalytic concept of ‘projective identification’, we develop a theoretical framework for understanding the tensions of change. The model shows how emotional coalitions that develop in strategic leadership groups afford a source of political and psychological containment against the anxieties of radical organisational change. These formations offer transitional spaces for change, providing opportunities for progress. The advantage of this new perspective on radical change is that it helps to move the organisation beyond periods of ambivalence and conflict, with positive implications for leadership practice.
Developing a ‘defamilisation framework’ to examine the strategies for promoting the adult worker model and women’s welfare in eight European countries
Authors: Yu Sam Wai Kam , Chau Ruby Chui Man , Lo Iris Po Yee
Published: April 2023

This article is intended to explore the link between the study of defamilisation and that of the adult worker model. To meet this purpose, a defamilisation framework for studying issues concerning the adult worker model and defamilisation is developed. To show the empirical significance of these issues, evidence is drawn from a childcare gap typology covering eight European countries. Conducting these analytical tasks provides insights into the development of social work practices for enhancing women’s welfare.
The price of the ticket revised: Family members’ experiences of upward social mobility
Authors: Born Anthony Miro
Published: April 2023

In recent years, there has been a revived sociological interest in assessing the lived experience of upward social mobility. Several qualitative accounts have highlighted the negative emotional imprints of upward mobility, whereas quantitative researchers have suggested that the picture is far more optimistic. However, both strands of literature rely too narrowly on the perspectives of the upwardly mobile individuals themselves. Against this empirical strategy, which is expressed in recent works on upward social mobility, this article turns attention on the family members of those who experienced upward mobility. Drawing on biographical interviews with upwardly mobile individuals and their family members, the article explores, firstly, the participants’ diverging experiences and assessments of upward mobility, and secondly, how the process affects not only the emotional life of the upwardly mobile individuals themselves, but also of those who are commonly seen as having been ‘left behind’. In doing so, the article shows that including the voices of family members can refocus social mobility research on the wider psycho-social costs and consequences of what are often portrayed as stories of individual ‘success’.
Research on a novel sheath core-wrap staple yarn based on the ring spinning frame with special-shaped roller
Authors: Jiang Wenjie , Guo Mingrui , Gao Weidong
Published: April 2023

This work explored a novel method for producing sheath core-wrap staple yarn on a modified ring spinning machine. The sheath core-wrap staple yarn is a new composite yarn whose core layer and sheath layer are both composed of staple fibers. In this paper, the conventional front roller on the ring spinning machine was replaced by a special-shaped roller, named a coaxial front roller of different diameters. In the spinning process, two colored cotton rovings were fed into the back roller. Then they are conveyed to the coaxial front roller of different diameters and output at different speeds. Finally, they were spun in a sheath core-wrap staple yarn under the twist effect. The covering effect and properties of sheath core-wrap staple yarn are the critical concerns in this article. Mathematical equations have been derived to calculate the ideal twist multiplier. It is most favorable for the core fiber to be covered at the ideal twist multiplier 408. The effects of the twist multiplier and core proportion on core exposure ratio and yarn properties (tensile properties, abrasion resistance, evenness, and hairiness) were investigated. The results showed that the core exposure ratio of all sheath core-wrap staple yarns were less than 2%, and the minimum core exposure ratio was obtained at the twist multiplier 400. The results also demonstrated that the tensile property, abrasion resistance, evenness, and hairiness improved with the increase of the twist multiplier and the core proportion. The proposed method provides new insight for researchers to fully understand the production process of sheath core-warp staple yarn and improve the yarn quality.
Research and modelling of fiber deformation mechanism of 3D four-direction preform under compression loading
Authors: Mei Baolong , Dong Jiuzhi , Ren Hongqing , Geng Jian , Jiang Xiuming
Published: April 2023

In order to investigate further the compaction characteristics of the three-dimensional four-direction preform of carbon/carbon composite, a model of three-dimensional four-direction numerical preform at the micro-scale was established using the programming language in Python based on the ABAQUS simulation platform more realistically to reflect the micro-structure of the preform. A model of three-dimensional fiber numerical growth was built to describe the changes of fiber bundle cross-section under compressive load considering the random distribution, deflection, bending and the physical characteristics of fibers not penetrating each other in three-dimensional space. In addition to exploring the characteristics of the fiber bundle compaction process in the inter-laminar dimension, the interaction between laminated fibers of the preform was analyzed; the method of finite element was employed to construct a compaction model of the three-dimensional four-direction preform; the deformation of inter-laminar fibers under compressive load was studied by the numerical simulation method; the nonlinear mapping relationship between compressive load and compaction height consistent with the preform compaction experiment was obtained. The results demonstrated that the deflection coefficient of the numerical model was 0.32, which was most consistent with the actual result.
Multi-response mixture design applied for the formulation of a textile green camouflage ink with reproduction of a leaf green
Authors: Xiao Feifei , Xu Weidong , Liu Jun , Liu Heng , Zhu Liyan , Jia Qi , Yang Xin , Yu Zhou , Hao Youbin
Published: April 2023

This study establishes a proportioning model of green camouflage ink for textile screen printing to reproduce a leaf green using four high-performance inorganic pigment pastes: cobalt blue, chrome oxide green, chrome yellow, and iron red. In order to study the influence of four-color paste formulations on the camouflage performance of ink, a multi-response quadratic Scheffe mathematical model was established, and a total of 20 runs of color paste formulations were designed. Blending mixed color paste with water-based pure acrylic lotion, drying retarder, and thickener, the ink was then printed to the surface of the khaki camouflage decorative textile through screen printing. The spectral reflectance of the ink film was measured at 380∼1100 nm, and the response values were calculated. The regression model of each response was fitted using the least squares method. The model and verification experiments show that when the color paste formulation is 45.08% cobalt blue, 10.00% chrome green, 40.53% chrome yellow, and 4.39% iron red, the green camouflage ink match the leaf green well. The color difference between the green camouflage ink and the leaf green is less than 3, the reflectance ratio in the near-infrared and infrared bands is not less than 5, and the near-infrared brightness contrast with the leaf green is not more than 0.2. In addition, the green camouflage ink’s reflectivity is located in the leaf green hyperspectral channel.
Level and Predictors of Minimum Dietary Diversity Among Pregnant Women in Eastern Ethiopia: Evidence From Facility-Based Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: Kassahun Esayas , Mesfin Firehiwot , Ali Tefera Kasahun , Getacher Lemma
Published: April 2023

Low dietary diversity is one of the most serious public health issues in developing countries, resulting in poor nutritional status, particularly vitamin and mineral deficiencies in pregnant women. However, there is insufficient information on the current status of pregnant women’s minimum dietary diversity in Eastern Ethiopia. The main aim of this study is to assess the level and predictors of minimum dietary diversity among pregnant women in Harar Town, Eastern Ethiopia. The study was conducted on 471 women using a health institution-based cross-sectional study design from January to March 2018. A systematic random sampling method was used to select the study participants. A pretested and structured questionnaire was used to collect data on the minimum dietary diversity. A logistic regression model was used to assess the relationship between the outcome variable and the independent variables. A P-value of .05 was used to indicate statistical significance. The proportion of pregnant women who had adequate minimum dietary diversity was 52.7% (95% CI: (47.9%, 57.6)). Urban residence [(AOR = 0.08, 95% CI: (0.02, 0.33)], smaller family size [(AOR = 7.28, 95% CI: (3.25, 16.28)], husband occupation [(AOR = 2.55, 95% CI: (1.39, 4.6)], husband support [(AOR = 3.85; 95% CI: (1.23, 12.02)], having more than 1 dwelling room [(AOR = 5.7, 95% CI: (2.32, 13.8) and medium wealth quantile [AOR = 1.93, 95% CI: (1.13.39)] were associated with adequate minimum dietary diversity. The level of minimum dietary diversity was low in the study area. It was linked to urban residency, smaller family sizes, husband employment, husband support, having more than 1 bedroom, and medium wealth quantile. Efforts should be made to improve husband support, wealth index, husband occupation, and food security status in order to boost mothers’ minimal dietary diversity.
Percutaneous Achilles tendon tenotomy in clubfoot patients with a 22 gauge needle in a low-resource setting
Authors: Syed Jabbar Ghufran , Khan Mansoor Ali , Chinoy Muhammad Amin , Pigeolet Manon
Published: April 2023

Ponseti treatment has been well-established as the gold standard for the treatment of idiopathic clubfoot in high-income countries and middle- and low-income countries (LMICs). The tenotomy is usually performed in the clinic using a scalpel blade under local anesthesia. However, we believe that by adapting the technique from Minkowitz et al. to a low-resource setting, we can help address some of the known barriers to Ponseti care. Using a needle instead of a blade makes the procedure less cumbersome easier to learn and easier to understand for the provider, family and the patient. We were able show that the needle tenotomy technique can be implemented in a low-resource setting like Pakistan, and can be performed using only one assistant and materials that are locally and readily available for the same cost This paper and its attached educational videos can help spread the technique among providers in low-resource settings.
Comparison of Ziehl Neelsen microscopy and geneXpert for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis among pulmonary tuberculosis-suspected patients in northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Demelash Maritu , Nibret Endalkachew , Mnichil Zebasil
Published: April 2023

In low-income countries, the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is most frequently achieved using Ziehl Neelsen (ZN) microscopy rather than the GeneXpert system. The performance of the former has not been evaluated against the latter in Ethiopia. A total of 180 PTB-suspected patients were enrolled in our study. Sputum specimens were tested both by ZN microscopy and geneXpert. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of ZN microscopy were 75%, 99.4%, 92.3%, and 97.6%, respectively. The Kappa value of agreement between the two diagnosis methods was 0.80. We concluded that there was a good agreement between ZN microscopy and the reference Xpert assay, which suggests that ZN microscopy is still a good diagnostic method in health care facilities that do not have the latter test.
A case series of 2,4 diethylamine poisoning – what the future holds for us
Authors: Chauhan Rishabh , Rawat Akash , Sama Sonu , Goel Deepak , Ahmad Sohaib
Published: April 2023

2,4-Diethylamine (2,4-D) is a chlorphenoxy herbicide widely used in north India, marketed as ‘Sohna’ and ‘Zura’. Multi-organ dysfunction and mortality is high in cases of accidental or suicidal ingestion owing to the lack of any antidote. We report a case series of 2,4-D poisoning from a single tertiary centre of north India managed with variable outcomes.
Ageism, Racism, Sexism, and Work With Older Healthcare Clients: Why an Intersectional Approach Is Needed in Practice, Policy, Education, and Research
Authors: Hand Michelle D. , Ihara Emily S.
Published: April 2023

Women are subject to health disparities across the life course, owing to multiple factors, including sexism, ageism, and other forms of structural discrimination and mistreatment which have been linked with greater risks for sexual violence and related trauma as well as resulting problems with physical and mental health as well as overall wellbeing. Thus, a more intersectional approach to healthcare and social service delivery for older women is expressly needed, particularly since the COVID-19 pandemic, to address UN Global goals of advancing health and wellness, gender equality, less disparities altogether, and with this, greater justice. As such, in this article, timely needs for practice, policy, research, and education will be explored, to address intersectional prejudice and discrimination, chiefly among older women who are members of nondominant populations, to improve healthcare and social services and social justice, principally in later life.
Market Success in a Planned Culture: Illegal Theatrical Performances in Post–Great Leap Forward China
Authors: Su Fei
Published: April 2023

After 1949, the People’s Republic of China (PRC) sought to transform the production of popular culture from a market-based business into a section of the planned economy under the party-state. I term this new cultural system “planned culture,” as it followed the same practices as the planned economy system. But in practice, a strong planned culture was hard to maintain with scarce fiscal resources. It faced constant challenges from the cultural market in the Mao Zedong era, especially when the state temporarily retreated from the economic and cultural fields in the post–Great Leap Forward period. By depicting the different faces of unofficial culture, ranging from villages and suburban townships to big cities, this article argues that the state’s cultural reach in the Mao era was limited both by a lack of capacity and sometimes by preference, and that planned culture in the post–Great Leap Forward period was concentrated only in big cities, even after a decade of institutional expansion.
Three theories of separation: Kelsen, Schmitt and Pashukanis and the historical development of the legal form
Authors: Bolton Matthew
Published: April 2023

This article examines the different approaches to the relation between law, state and economy in the works of Hans Kelsen, Carl Schmitt and Evgeny Pashukanis. It begins with Kelsen’s depiction of law as a dynamic and ‘self-regulating’ system of norms, founded on his rejection of ‘dualist’ separations of state and law, before turning to Schmitt and Pashukanis’s respective critiques. For all their differences, both agree Kelsen ignores the historical basis of the law – for Schmitt, the sovereign power of ‘the political’, for Pashukanis, the social relations of commodity exchange. The article responds to these criticisms in a most un-Kelsenian manner, drawing upon historical sociological literature on early modern state formation to cast doubt on both Schmitt and Pashukanis’s historical accounts. It argues that the forms of political power and commodity exchange upon which Schmitt and Pashukanis’s theories rely were historically specific possibilities opened up by the same process of generalisation and depersonalisation of power relations that allowed for an autonomous ‘public’ system of legal norms. Thus, rather than the fixed causal ground for the development of modern law, ‘the political’ and exchange between equals exist in a relation of ‘difference-in-unity’ with the law. The article concludes that Kelsen’s notion of the Grundnorm is best explained as an attempt to capture the new possibilities and responsibilities opened up a normative system whose ultimate justification now lies only within itself.
Personal needs of parents who raise children with blindness or visual impairment
Authors: Argyropoulos Vassilios , Riga Katerina
Published: April 2023

The purpose of the present study was to investigate parents’ profile, both at personal and familial levels, who live with and raise children with blindness or visual impairment. Twenty families participated in this study. Data were collected through semistructured interviews, while its analysis was based on qualitative methods focusing on terms of tracing categories and subcategories. The findings highlighted that the great number of parents’ responsibilities had a negative impact on their emotional state. This outcome may be reasonably attributed either to lack of effective management of their negative emotions or to recorded difficulties in obtaining all substantial information regarding their child’s life prospective well as in devoting too much effort to keep a balance in their family environment. In addition, parents underscored the vital role that professionals, friends, and unions play in their family cohesion and wellbeing. In conclusion, the results can add to the content of existing or future family support programs enriching them with even more constructive theoretical background from the field of counseling and inclusive practices.
Weathering racism and colorism: Exploring concurrent and short-term longitudinal associations between discrimination, colorism, psychosocial health, and Black and Latinx emerging adults’ relationship satisfaction
Authors: Brown Alaysia M. , Landor Antoinette M. , Zeiders Katharine H.
Published: April 2023

Due to systemic racism, young adults of color have been disproportionately exposed to a myriad of environmental stressors. Given research suggesting that exposure to external stressors may influence how individuals evaluate their romantic relationships, the current study examined whether exposure to racial/ethnic discrimination is associated with how young adults of color appraise their partnerships. Using a sample of Black and Latinx young adults ( N = 86), the current study examined whether exposure to racial/ethnic discrimination may be indirectly associated with romantic relationship satisfaction—due to its relation to anger and depressive symptoms. Concurrent analyses indicated that young adults who encountered increased exposure to racial/ethnic discrimination were likely to report greater feelings of anger, and in turn, lower relationship satisfaction. In contrast, short-term longitudinal analyses indicated that exposure to discrimination may have positive and negative implications for relationship satisfaction. Findings underscore the importance of extending literature on the effects of racial/ethnic discrimination beyond individual well-being to include interpersonal relationships and suggest that socioculturally-relevant factors such as skin tone may make the relation between discrimination and romantic relationship outcomes more nuanced.
Mixed Methods Journal Reviewing in Early Childhood Special Education
Authors: Corr Catherine , Chudzik Mia , Oh Jisun R. , Love Hailey R. , Snodgrass Melinda R.
Published: April 2023

The goal of the journal review process is to ensure that published manuscripts are of high quality and address important topics. Technical criteria about methodology, rigor, and clarity can impact how a manuscript is reviewed. However, journal reviewers rely on accumulated wisdom about credibility, accuracy, reasonableness, timeliness, and relevance to base their judgment about the appropriateness, desirability, or publishability. The purpose of this study was to explore editorial board members’ experiences in relation to mixed methods research (MMR). Using a MMR design, we explored the extent to which research judgments, skills, and paradigmatic values are diverse among editorial board members for three high-impact early childhood special education journals and how those features interact when reviewers judge research. First, editorial board members were invited to participate in an online survey. Then, editorial board members who volunteered during the survey were individually interviewed. We present the results and discuss how they can inform peer review process.
Effect of CADM1 on TPF-induced chemotherapy in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Nie Jiani , Li Lianhe , Tan Fuxian , Wang Hongmei , Wang Hongmin , Zou Liangyu , Wen Zhenlei
Published: April 2023

Objectives

To explore the relationship between CADM1 expression and sensitivity to TPF-induced chemotherapy in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) patients, then investigate its potential mechanisms.

Methods

Differential CADM1 expression was examined in chemotherapy-sensitive and chemotherapy-insensitive LSCC patient samples after TPF-induced chemotherapy using microarray analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and bioinformatics approaches were used to investigate the diagnostic value of CADM1. Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) were used to knock down CADM1 expression in an LSCC cell line. Differential CADM1 expression was compared by qRT-PCR assays in 35 LSCC patients treated with chemotherapy, including 20 chemotherapy-sensitive and 15 chemotherapy-insensitive patients.

Results

Public database and primary patient data both suggest that CADM1 mRNA is expressed at lower levels in chemotherapy-insensitive LSCC samples, suggesting its potential usefulness as a biomarker. Knockdown of CADM1 with siRNAs led to decreased sensitivity of LSCC cells to TPF chemotherapy.

Conclusions

Upregulation of CADM1 expression can alter the sensitivity of LSCC tumors to TPF induction chemotherapy. CADM1 is a possible molecular marker and therapeutic target for induction chemotherapy in LSCC patients.
Long-term volume reduction in renal angiomyolipomas embolized by gelatin sponge particles with or without supplementary microcoil embolization
Authors: Zhang Xixi , Kuwatsuru Ryohei , Toei Hiroshi , Yashiro Daisuke , Sokooshi Hideaki , Kuwatsuru Yoshiki
Published: April 2023

Objective

To examine the effect of supplementary microcoil embolization on the long-term progression of angiomyolipomas embolized using gelatin sponge particles (GSPs).

Methods

This retrospective study included 29 unruptured angiomyolipomas in 25 patients, treated by complete embolization and radiological follow-up for ≥3 years. Embolization was performed using GSPs and supplementary microcoils. Supplementary microcoil embolization affecting >90% of the tumor vasculature was defined as microcoil embolization. Tumor volumes pre- and post-embolization were measured by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging.

Results

Eleven tumors received supplementary microcoil embolization and 18 tumors did not. Relative tumor reduction at >3 years post-embolization was significantly greater in tumors with supplementary microcoil embolization compared with tumors without microcoil embolization (81% ± 8% vs. 55% ± 29%). Fourteen tumors tended to show volume regrowth and the volumes of the remaining 15 tumors continued to decline. Tumors without supplementary microcoil embolization were more likely to show volume regrowth during follow-up than tumors with supplementary microcoil embolization (78% vs. 0%, respectively).

Conclusions

When using a combination of GSPs and microcoils, supplementary microcoil embolization should be carried out to ensure maximum long-term reduction in tumor volume in patients with angiomyolipomas.