bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Numerical method to a class of boundary value problems
Authors: Qiu Yu-Yang
Published: August 2018

A class of boundary value problems can be transformed uniformly to a least
square problem with Toeplitz constraint. Conjugate gradient least square, a
matrix iteration method, is adopted to solve this problem, and the solution
process is elucidated step by step so that the example can be used as a
paradigm for other applications.
Características de los pacientes con colitis ulcerativa crónica inespecífica en el servicio de coloproctología del hospital de especialidades Dr. Antonio Fraga Mouret del centro médico nacional La Raza
Authors: Ramírez Cabezas Francisco , Bajo Ríos Christian , García Sobarzo Ricardo
Published: August 2018

Objetivo: determinar la frecuencia de los factores de riesgo en pacientes con colitis ulcerativa crónica inespecífica (CUCI). Material y métodos: estudio transversal y descriptivo en 51 pacientes (34 hombres y 17 mujeres) entre 18 y 80 años con CUCI; en el periodo de enero a julio de 2013, mediante muestreo aleatorio simple. Se encuestaron factores de riesgo como la edad, sexo, antecedentes familiares, viajes a lugares de mayor incidencia, hábitos alimentarios y uso de medicamentos; así mismo sobre factores como el tabaco y la apendicectomía. El análisis estadístico fue descriptivo; se usó el programa estadístico SPSS20. Resultados: los factores de riesgo que más impactaron tanto a hombres como mujeres se presentaron de la siguiente manera: La estancia prolongada en los Estados Unidos (EEUU) fue 17.64 % y 11.76 %, la ingesta baja de fibra fue 17.64 % y 23.52 %, el consumo de chile 85.29 % y 76.47 %, alcohol 51.51 % y 35.29 %, el tabaco 55.88 % y 41.17 %, y el consumo prolongado de AINES 14.70 % y 17.64 %; y antecedentes heredofamiliares de enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal en 2.4 % de hombres. El uso de antibióticos 23.52 %, y consumo alto de grasas saturadas 94.11% para ambos sexos. Discusión: los factores mencionados tienen una alta frecuencia en pacientes con CUCI, por lo tanto podrían cumplir un papel determinante en su desarrollo, siendo este estudio un punto de partida para próximos estudios.
Infertilidad femenina asociada a infección por Chlamydia Trachomatis
Authors: Bejarano Wagner Guillermo , Hurtado Ríos William , Vásquez Cedeño Diego
Published: August 2018

Antecedentes: la infección por Chlamydia trachomatis es la enfermedad de transmisión sexual más frecuente en todo el mundo y es una causa importante de infertilidad en mujeres debido a que produce obstrucción de las trompas de Falopio. Tratar esta infección a tiempo reduciría la infertilidad y el daño que produce en el tracto reproductor femenino. Objetivos: determinar la frecuencia de infección por C. trachomatis en mujeres infértiles y su asociación con los diferentes tipos de infertilidad, los antecedentes de abortos, su pronóstico reproductivo y las alteraciones en el espermatograma de la pareja sexual. Método: se realizó un estudio transversal en el hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo de la ciudad de Guayaquil, donde se evaluó la frecuencia de infección por C. trachomatis en 101 mujeres en edad reproductiva con deseos de fertilidad durante los años 2012 y 2013. Se realizó la detección de anticuerpos IgM e IgG por ELISA, y se asoció su presencia con las distintas variables del estudio. Resultados: el 65,35 % de las mujeres estudiadas presentaron anticuerpos positivos para C. trachomatis. La asociación de la infección con las variables no fue estadísticamente significativa, con la excepción de las alteraciones en el espermatograma de la pareja sexual. Conclusión: la infección por C. trachomatis en mujeres infértiles es alta. Se recomienda implementar en Ecuador un monitoreo de rutina para diagnosticar y tratar la infección de manera oportuna y evitar que se vuelva crónica.
Estado nutricional y actividad física en estudiantes de la Escuela de Obstetricia de la Universidad de Guayaquil, año 2011
Authors: Pozo Verdesoto Sócrates , Crespo Antepara Delia , Varas Gavilanes Julián , Vargas Salas Omar
Published: August 2018

Introducción: los estudiantes universitarios constituyen una población vulnerable al desarrollo de alteraciones en su estado nutricional, por características como permanecer muchas horas de clases en actitud sedentaria, y consumir alimentos de preparación rápida y obesogénica, de bares o comedores cercanos. Objetivo: determinar el estado nutricional y la práctica de actividad física en estudiantes de la Escuela de Obstetricia de la Universidad de Guayaquil. Materiales y métodos: estudio de diseño no experimental, descriptivo y transversal. Participaron 670 alumnos de la Escuela de Obstetricia de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Universidad de Guayaquil durante el año 2016, Se realizó evaluación de Índice de Masa Corporal, circunferencia abdominal, y encuesta sobre práctica de actividad física. Resultados: el 44 % de los estudiantes presentó malnutrición, distribuida de la siguiente manera: el 9 % con bajo peso, el 25 % con sobrepeso, y el 10 % con obesidad. El 35 % de las mujeres presentaron valores de circunferencia abdominal relacionadas con riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular frente al 23 % de los hombres. El 71 % de los estudiantes refirió no realizar actividad física. Discusión: los estudiantes universitarios tuvieron una prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad mayor que los reportados por otros estudios similares realizados en la región. El riesgo cardiovascular según circunferencia abdominal, fue mayor para el sexo femenino. La mayoría de la población estudiantil es sedentaria, con valores muy superiores al de otros estudios análogos. Conclusiones: la población de estudiantes presenta problemas de malnutrición principalmente por exceso, a pesar de tener conocimientos sobre nutrición. Es necesario identificar factores determinantes que están influyendo en ellos, para fortalecer programas que mejoren los hábitos nutricionales y de actividad física.
Bisnis Keluarga di Bandung Bagaimana Mereka Bertahan-Berlanjut?
Authors: Gomulia Budiana
Published: August 2018

The Family business in Indonesia having capability to survive-sustain. Begin when the founder started his business, he fought remarkable that business can thrive. In order the business continues to grow and “built to last” there are many aspects and factors that must be considered, including regeneration by successors and professionalization of management. Three Dimention Development Model (Davis et al, 1997) will describe the situation  of family business in Bandung consiting of  The development of business, The development of  family and  The development of ownership. This research was conducted in three semesters, in 2011 and 2012. Using a sample of 45 companies from a variety of ages and types of business This research is descriptive -multikasus. The process of interview, observation and discussions with respondents in companies carried out by the students as a class assignment .  Family Business Management  class is organized by the Department of Management in Unpar.It seems the family business in Bandung can survive into old age, can reach 50 years and over. Succession from the first generation to next generation already happened or is happening. The sustainability of the business due to family commitments and a strong family beliefs . Most family business  is in the mature stage, although the management and ownership is still controlled by family members.
Mimicry Marketing Strategy on Marketing Performance of Small and Medium Enterprise
Authors: S Suliyanto
Published: August 2018

The background of this research is the failure of the marketing orientation concept and the unprepared consumers to accept the societal marketing concept. There needs orientation phase that are between the marketing orientation phase and societal marketing phase. The orientation phase is Adaptive Marketing Orientation (AMO).One of the applications of adaptive marketing orientation is Mimicry Marketing Strategy (MMS). The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of MMS to competitors, MMS to consumers, MMS to suppliers, MMS to intermediarieson the quality of relationship with partners and innovation as well as to analyze the influence of the quality of relationship with partners and innovation to the marketing performance. Samples are 100 SMEs in Banyumas; data analysis tool used is Path Analysis. The results of this study found that the effect of MMS to consumers and MMS to competitors have positive effect on innovation and the quality of relationship with partners, while MMS to suppliers, and MMS to intermediarie shave no positive effect on innovation and the quality of relationship with partners, and the quality of relationship with partners and innovations have positive effect toward marketing performance.
Determination of Export Price by Incoterms 2010 (Study in PT X Karawang)
Authors: Sundari Rima , Supardi Edi
Published: August 2018

Determination of export price will give influences to company’s profit, image, and the competitiveness in the customers perspectives.  Determination of export price must be based on the applied international standards which refer to the International Commercial Terms or Incoterms. Incoterms always updated to follow developments of international trading therefore any Incoterms changes that occur will affect the determination.  The calculation of export price based on Incoterms is calculated based on cost of goods production, benefits, cost of packaging, loading costs, transportation, taxes and fees and the cost of transportation insurance. The results showed that most often-used Incoterms by company in gradation are FOB, CFR and CIF. Lastly, the higher use of Incoterms class by company has positive influence to increase corporate profit.
Efficiency Measurement of Maintenance Costs on Customer Service Process PT Indonesia Comnets Plus West Java
Authors: Setyaningrum Ika Rizky , Sitorus Palti Marulitua
Published: August 2018

Information technology is growing rapidly. The problems arising in the conjunction magnitude of information technology devices are how to manage, maintain, and calculate the amount of required investments. The purposes of this study are to measurepreventive and corrective cost optimization maintenance which determines the most optimal performance for alternative maintenance activity. The case studies in this research is PT Indonesia Comnets Plus (ICON +) West Java focusing on how the process of customer service telecommunication maintenance. Analysis techniques used are descriptive and optimization analysis. The level of corrective maintenance costs are known through services damage probability, average cost of service damage in the period of 2011-2014, and corrective cost analysis formula. To determine the level of preventive maintenance costs, it requires the calculation of damage probability screened estimated monthly service and then calculating the total cost of preventive maintenance. The analysis requires amount of damage and cost of protecting canceling services. The result, general implementation of maintenance services has been running well, but not optimal. Period of preventive maintenance services can be optimized with an average of 12-month treatment.
Agricultural Sector Investment on Gross Domestic Regional Product (GDRP) in West Java 2007-2012
Authors: Heliati Ratni , Dwiputra Yovino
Published: August 2018

This study aims to determined the impact of investments in the agricultural sector to the Gross Domestic Regional Products (GDRP) of agriculture in West Java. The sample was taken from 26 regions in West Java.The results showed that Foreign Capital Investment (FCI) and Exchange rate have positive and significant impact to GDRP. Domestic Capital Investment (DCI) has positive effect of labor but not significantly to GDRP. BI Rate has significant negative effect on GDRP. Fixed effect model allows the analysis of individual securities to be interpreted as the position of the relative potency of a districts / cities. There are nine districts/cities that have a significant positive intercept. These districts are categorized as areas which contribute highly to agricultural sector. The highest sector is in Indramayu district, the second is in Sukabumi, Banjar, Subang and so on. Cimahi has the lowest score of intercept. Negative intercept is an area of low agricultural contribution, generally those which are categorized as industrial areas, such as Bandung, Cirebon, Bogor, Bekasi, Karawang. These areas are classified as industrial area which have negative contribution of agricultural sector to the GDRP.
The Community Empowerment Program to Reduction Poverty in Banjar
Authors: Saepudin Tete , A Acuviarta
Published: August 2018

This study aims to generate key strategies of sector development community empowerment to reduction poverty in Banjar. The analysis uses SWOT presented in three parts: SAP (Strategic Advantages Profile), ETOP (Environmental Threats and Opportunity Profile), and SWOT Matrix. The analysis showed the government’s attention to the program that was launched (district development program and the urban poverty program) where is by provision of Counterpart Funds from APBD has been increasing steadily every year. The mechanism has been implemented according to some regulations. The urban empowerment program should further focus and involve on the interests and needs of urban communities. The obstacles faced on the research to determine the program are, the execution (based onmain interest), the lack of human resources who understand and the plan ownership in preparing programs of community development and the lack of human resources with reliability in manufacturing reporting on the program implementation.
Product Attributes and Price on Purchase Decision of Xiaomi Smartphone
Authors: Satya Adhitama , Irna Cut
Published: August 2018

The aim of this study is to determine how the influence of product attributes and price on purchase decisions partially or simultaneously. This study used a sample of 100 respondents who are users of Xiaomi smartphones in Bandung, Jakarta, and Depok. Data analysis technique used in this study is descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression. Product attributes and price partially give positive and significant impact on purchasing decisions. Simultaneously, product attributes and price significantly give influence on purchasing decisions by 42.2%. It can be concluded that either partial or simultaneous attributes of the product and the price have significant impact on product purchasing decisions of Xiaomi smartphone.
Financial Competence of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises in Ponorogo
Authors: Wafirotin Khusnatul Zulfa , Sumarsono Hadi
Published: August 2018

The purpose of this study was to know and analyze the accounting capability in an effort to improve financial competence for the Micro, Small and Medium (MSM) entrepreneurs in Ponorogo. The method used was survey, through interview and observation. Accounting competence was viewed from the aspect of sales turnover, capital resources used, net income every month, financial statement preparation, financial statement preparation forms, constraints in the preparation of financial statements, and training that had been participated. The results showed the majority of MSM entrepreneurs in Ponorogo including micro-entrepreneurs and the capital resource had an income per month of < Rp 5.000.000,-. Most of them did not prepare for financial statements. The financial statement that was prepared was income statement. Most of them had also not been trained, and financial statement preparation constraints were experienced because they did not understand accounting. MSME financial competence in Ponorogo needed to be improved by accounting training, with the target of being able to prepare financial statements, bankable, increase income to develop the business. Further research was required in the formulation of modules and accounting training for target achievement.
Profitability, Earnings Per Share on Stock Return with Size as Moderation
Authors: Jasman Jumawan , Kasran Muhammad
Published: August 2018

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of profitability and earnings per share on stock returns and the role of size as a moderating variable in state-owned companies listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in the period of 2011-2016. By using purposive sampling, the number of samples included 18 companies. Method was conducted by downloading summary of financial statements in the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The research began with classical assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis was done with the absolute difference test. The research found that profitability had no effect on stock return. Earnings per share and size had a significant negative effect on stock return. The role of size as a moderating variable strengthened the relationship of earnings per share with stock returns, but it did not play a role in the relationship of profitability with stock returns.
Validación preliminar de una guía de evaluación transdiagnóstica para Estrés, Ansiedad y Depresión (Preliminary validation of a transdiagnostic guide for stress, anxiety and depression assessment)
Authors: Toro Ronald Alberto , González Gómez Laura Jimena , Sabogal Mancipe Ángela Paola , Beltrán Aguirre Kerly Vanessa , Reyes Parra Karolina , Guerrero Ortíz Luz Mery
Published: August 2018

ResumenEl objetivo fue desarrollar y validar preliminarmente una guía de evaluación transdiagnóstica como herramienta para mejorar los procesos de evaluación en casos de ansiedad, estrés y depresión a partir de las variables perfeccionismo, rumiación cognitiva, afecto positivo y negativo, sensitividad ansiosa e intolerancia a la incertidumbre. Se efectuó un estudio de tipo cuantitativo empírico analítico de corte transversal instrumental, en el que a partir de las investigaciones consultadas se realizó el diseño de la guía clínica y una posterior indagación de sus propiedades mediante índices de confiabilidad por armonía interjueces y validez de contenido. Los participantes fueron dos jueces invitados conocedores de la materia expertos en evaluación transdiagnóstica. Se diseñó un instrumento de evaluación y calificación de la guía, conformada por un formato de evaluación en cual se plantearon una serie de ítems que permitían evaluar el cumplimiento de los objetivos, la claridad, rigurosidad científica y el procedimiento. En los resultados, se obtuvo un coeficiente de correlación intraclase de .62 considerado moderado. Se concluyó que la guía presenta validez de contenido preliminar y se considera pertinente para iniciar el proceso de pilotaje de tal forma que se pueda identificar la eficacia terapéutica de la misma.Palabras clave: Estrés, ansiedad, depresión, transdiagnóstico, evaluación, guía.Preliminary validation of a transdiagnostic guide for stress, anxiety and depression assessmentAbstractThe objective was to develop and validate a preliminary transdiagnostic guide as a tool to improve the assessment processes in cases of anxiety, stress and depression from the variables perfectionism, cognitive rumination, positive and negative affect, anxiety sensitivity and intolerance to uncertainty. A quantitative empirical analytical study was carried out with an instrumental cross sectional design. The clinical guide was designed based on transdiagnostic studies and assessed by interjudge agreement and validity of content indexes. Therefore, the participants were two expert judges in the field of transdiagnostic evaluation. The instrument for the evaluation and qualification of the guide was designed including items to evaluate the objectives fulfilment, the clarity, scientific rigor and the procedure. In the results, an intraclass correlation coefficient of .62 was considered moderate. It was concluded that the guide presents validity of preliminary content and is considered pertinent to start the piloting process in such a way that the therapeutic efficacy of the guide can be identified.Keywords: Stress, anxiety, depression, transdiagnostic, assessment, guide.
The effect of changes in depth of cut and cutting speed of CNC toolpaths on turning process performance
Authors: Jarosz Krzysztof , Niesłony Piotr , Löschner Piotr
Published: August 2018

In this article, a novel approach to computer optimization of CNC toolpaths by adjustment of cutting speed vcand depth of cut apis presented. Available software works by the principle of adjusting feed rate on the basis of calculations and numerical simulation of the machining process. The authors wish to expand upon this approach by proposing toolpath optimization by altering two other basic process parameters. Intricacies and problems related totheadjustment of apand vcwere explained in the introductory part. Simulation of different variant of the same turning process with different parameter values were conducted to evaluate the effect of changes in depth of cut and cutting speed on process performance. Obtained results were investigated on the account of cutting force and tool life. The authors have found that depth of cut substantially affects cutting force, while the effect of cutting speed on it is minimal. An increase in both depth of cut and cutting speed affects tool life negatively, although the impact of cutting speed is much more severe. An increase in depth of cut allows for a more significant reduction of machining time, while affecting tool life less negatively. On the other hand, the adjustment of cutting speed helpsto reduce machining time without increasing cutting force component values and spindle load.
Triiodothyronine and thyroxine changes in yearling sea trout (Salmo trutta L.) during spring
Authors: Rutkovska Ilze , Medne Ruta
Published: August 2018

Triiodothyronine and thyroxine levels and morphological parameters of fish were studied from January to May to evaluate the smoltification of yearling sea trout (Salmo trutta L.) raised in two different rearing systems (recirculating and flow-through) in three different hatcheries in Latvia. Thyroid hormone levels increased from January to May in both rearing systems in fish of different sizes. There was positive correlation between the degree of silvering and fish fork length and thyroid hormone levels, but there was no correlation between condition facor and thyroid hormone levels. Fish reared in recirculating systems were significantly larger (p < 0.05) and exhibited more visible signs of smoltification earlier than those reared in flow-through systems. The thyroid hormone levels and degree of silvering gradually became nearly the same by May in the sea trout from both rearing systems. Changes in thyroid hormone levels or fish size in spring cannot be evaluated separately from other signs to determine smoltification.
Mechanistic multilayer model for non-invasive bioimpedance of intact skin
Authors: Tsai B. , Birgersson E. , Birgersson U.
Published: August 2018

An approximate semi-analytical solution based on a Hankel transform of a mechanistic model for electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is derived for a non-invasive axisymmetric concentric probe with m electrodes measuring the response of n layers of human skin. We validate the semi-analytical solution for the case when the skin is treated as a three-layer entity - (i) stratum corneum, (ii) viable skin comprising living epidermis and dermis and (iii) adipose tissue – on the volar forearm in the frequency range 1 kHz to 1 MHz with experimental EIS measurements of 120 young subjects. Overall, we find good agreement for both the mean magnitude and phase of the impedance as well as the natural variability between subjects. Finally, the semi-analytical solution is verified with the full set of equations solved numerically: Good agreement is found for the point-wise potential distribution in the three skin layers.
Assessment of Roma Children from Socially Disadvantageous Environment
Authors: Ferjenčík Ján
Published: August 2018

Introduction: Psychological assessment of Roma children belongs to the most controversial topics in recent theory and practice of school psychology in Slovakia. The paper discusses the problem from the three main aspects.

Discussion: The first of them raises into question the usability of “general intelligence” construct in the assessment practice. It is shown that from the psychometric point of view it is improper to represent couple of qualitatively different attributes by sole number. Moreover, intelligence as a construct refers to general mental achievement of child here and now but it says nothing about the causes and reasons of the achievement.

The second part is devoted to the problem of test adaptation. The author draws attention to the fact that Roma people are the minority with own characteristics, including language, style of life, customs and values. Due to this, it is necessary to use in the psychological assessment solely well adapted psychological tests with special norms for Roma children.

The third topic discusses the position of psychologists in decision-making with regard to the type of education of a particular child.

Limitations: Because education is realized in a broad social context (policy, social attitudes and expectations, material and financial conditions, teaching expertise, etc.), many of these factors are out of psychologists´ direct control and competencies. Due to this, the primary task in the psychological assessment of Roma pupils should not be based on the question about the advisability of their special education. Instead of this, the psychologist should be concerned more on the proper description and explanation of children’s psychological functioning and, following this, on formulating individual and particular recommendations how and what cognitive, emotional or motivational elements it is necessary to develop at school.
Media Education and Prevention of Cyberbullying
Authors: Poláková Eva
Published: August 2018

Introduction: European-wide bullying statistics shows that 93% of Internet users aged 9-16 have bullying experience, or have been bullied, or they have been bullying online1. The article highlights the most common threats encountered in communicating in cyberspace, with emphasis on cyberbullying and its possible negative consequences in the context of victim’s self-sacrifice. Based on the results of more researches, including also ours, it justified the need of media education implementation as across-cutting theme in primary and secondary education and high schools in order to develop critical thinking as a prerequisite of respect of human rights and cyberbullying.

Conclusions: The didactic materials (praxeological results of applied project APVV-14-0176 solved at the Department of Ethics and Civic education, Faculty of Pedagogy, Matej Bel University in Banská Bystrica) are available online for primary school teachers. Teachers can use them directly to prepare specific media education topics, including cyberbullying, or to adapt them creatively to their own learning conditions and to share their pedagogical experience in an available on-line blog.
Using Artistic Expression as A platform for Learning About Children
Authors: Valachová Daniela
Published: August 2018

Introduction: We perceive artistic expression as a suitable form of knowledge, investigation, and construction of understanding through the use of creative representation. The main goal of a broader conceived research then is to explore the prospects of that same artistic expression as a personal representation of a child and develop possible pedagogical diagnostics. The presented study is focused on detecting the level of trauma of refugee children and helping them to get through their suffering using artistic and pedagogical diagnostics of expression. The inquiry was carried out over two months with five children.

Methods: Methods of observation, content analysis, and unstructured interviews were used during the research. Several themes were employed in meetings, but for the purpose of this paper we will analyze only one – that being “my house”. This theme was aimed through relaxation activities with clay, finger games, own world, reconstruction, and imagination of new space. It was a joint work that reflected children’s experiences using artistic expression with the clay.

Results: Clearly, from their own creation, children transformed their house into abridge, which could be interpreted as a transition to a better house than they have experienced. Signs that appeared in children’s creations led to following interpretations and communications that brought us closer to the children’s issues which, in turn, were often related to the disturbance they had experienced and are still experiencing.

Conclusions: It is precisely the art expression that proved to be the right mean for eliminating negative emotions and consequent problems arising from trauma. The effort of art expression is that the child, on their initiative, could break the barrier of secrecy related to his or her creation and could look for the connection between their own creation and their inner experience.
Production Accuracy of L2 Vowels: Phonological Parsimony and Phonetic Flexibility
Authors: Šimáčková Šárka , Podlipský Václav Jonáš
Published: August 2018

Ultimate attainment in foreign-language sound learning is addressed via vowel production accuracy in English spoken by advanced Czech EFL learners. English FLEECE–KIT, DRESS–TRAP, and GOOSE–FOOT contrasts are examined in terms of length, height, and backness. Our data show that, while being constrained by phonemic category assimilation (new vowel height distinctions are not created), the learners’ interlanguage combines phonological parsimony (reusing L1 length feature to contrast L2 vowels) with phonetic flexibility (within-category shifts reflecting L1–L2 phonetic dissimilarity). Although achieving nativelike phonological competence may not be possible learners who acquire L2 in the prevailingly L1 environment, the Czech learners’ implementations of English vowels revealed their ability to adjust for phonetic detail of L2 sounds.
The Challenge of Terminographic Gaps in Translation: a Text-Based Approach Put to Practice
Authors: Mehrpooya Abbas , Moinzadeh Ahmad , Dabaghi Azizollah
Published: August 2018

The issue of terminographic gaps in specialized discourses has always concerned the researchers and readers alike. However, due to the interlingual nature of such a technical issue, the need for interdisciplinary collaboration between translation and terminography seems to be in prospect. For such a reciprocation scheme to come into practical effect, the present study has aimed to conduct a translational-terminographic concerto by putting a specialized English text to the test of Persian translation. This has been done to answer the question if a translator is required to provide for any terminological gap once all attempts at finding the corresponding terminological items have failed. In this pursuit, certain workable criteria for terminographic proposition via translation have been discussed. As such, the practical phase of this study concerns itself with addressing the issue of Persian terminological gaps in a language-related metadiscoursal field and consequently detecting the problem zones of non-equivalence in a specialised text carefully selected for translation. Ultimately, a list of Persian terminological items constructed on the basis of the proposed translational-cum-terminographical scheme is compiled to address the identified terminological gaps in the target metadiscourse under study.
Which Phonetic Features Should Pronunciation Instructions Focus on? An Evaluation on the Accentedness of Segmental/Syllable Errors in L2 Speech
Authors: Gao Zhiyan , Weinberger Steven
Published: August 2018

Many English language instructors are reluctant to incorporate pronunciation instruction into their teaching curriculum (Thomson 2014). One reason for such reluctance is that L2 pronunciation errors are numerous, and there is not enough time for teachers to address all of them (Munro and Derwing 2006; Thomson 2014). The current study aims to help language teachers set priorities for their instruction by identifying the segmental and structural aspects of pronunciation that are most foreign-accented to native speakers of American English. The current study employed a perception experiment. 100 speech samples selected from the Speech Accent Archive (Weinberger 2016) were presented to 110 native American English listeners who listened to and rated the foreign accentedness of each sample on a 9-point rating scale. 20 of these samples portray no segmental or syllable structure L2 errors. The other 80 samples contain a single consonant, vowel, or syllable structure L2 error. The backgrounds of the speakers of these samples came from 52 different native languages. Global prosody of each sample was controlled for by comparing its F0 contour and duration to a native English sample using the Dynamic Time Warping method (Giorgino 2009). The results show that 1) L2 consonant errors in general are judged to be more accented than vowel or syllable structure errors; 2) phonological environment affects accent perception, 3) occurrences of non-English consonants always lead to higher accentedness ratings; 4) among L2 syllable errors, vowel epenthesis is judged to be as accented as consonant substitutions, while deletion is judged to be less accented or not accented at all. The current study, therefore, recommends that language instructors attend to consonant errors in L2 speech while taking into consideration their respective phonological environments.
Assessment of the influences of climate variability on nitrogen leaching rate into groundwater
Authors: Uhan Sara
Published: August 2018

This article presents preliminary model results of climate change impact on biogeochemical processes in soil. With the use of DNDC (DeNitrification-DeComposition) model, a simulation with climate data over seventy years period (1947-2016) from central part of Slovenia has been carried out. Amongst assessed sources of variability, time variability has been estimated to around 10% of the total annual nitrogen leaching. In some cases, a statistically significant downward trend was observed with a 5 kg reduction in nitrogen per hectare in seventy years period. This study represents the first quantitative assessment of nitrogen leaching variability due to precipitation and air temperature variability in three representative soil profiles in the central Slovenia. It offers a starting point for future regional research for the purpose of farming practice optimization, especially in catchment areas of major regional water resources in Slovenia.
MODEL OF CONTEXTUAL-BASED ACADEMIC WRITING LEARNING MODULE
Authors: Rofii Afif , Murtadho Fathiaty , Rahmat Aceng
Published: August 2018

This research and development aims to develop a contextual-based learning module for academic writing course to develop the students� writing skill. It adopts Borg & Gall�s model modified from Jolly and Bolitho�s model of development steps. The development steps include: assessing the teaching materials currently implemented, designing and developing the module, judging module feasibility by experts, and testing module effectiveness. It applies mixed method approach to describe textual data qualitatively and analyze numerical data using t-test. The data were obtained from need analysis through document analysis, interview, observation, survey, and experiment. The analysis found that the lecturers and students need appropriate, practical and effective teaching materials that meet their needs. Therefore, the module of writing teaching material is developed by integrating the seven components of contextual approach in various learning activities. Th epracticality test suggests that the module is very pratical. The feasibility test 82.27 in average confirming that the module is very feasible to develop. The effectiveness test found that it is very effective reflected in the posttest mean score of experimental class (78.10) that is significally different from the control class (69.80). The tests of practicality, feasibility, and effectiveness come into conclusion that the developed module can be implemented in the academic writing class. As suggesstion, the lecturers and researchers are recommended to develop comprehensively teaching materials aligning with the students� needs.Keywords: model, contextual-based, academic writing, module, research and development
COMMITMENT, COMMUNITY AND BRAVERY: THE CORE ACTIVITIES IN ENDORSING SPEAKING SKILL BY ENGLISH CAMP PROGRAM
Authors: Manan Nanan Abdul
Published: August 2018

Speaking skill is the prominent thing in verbal communication due to �most students of university got� the difficulties in practicing it. English camp program becomes a way out to boost students� speaking performance. Hence, this research is aimed to know the English speaking competence by means of English Camp Program (ECP). By applying a case study, some students of Mathematic Education of STKIP Muhammadiyah Kuningan were chosen as the participants. The research concerns on the three categories of ECP activities; commitment, community, and bravery. Those factors are so simple but they are very important to lead the students to practice English speaking, to create natural situation in practice and to strengthen their English speaking performance. This study revealed that ECP gives a positive impact on students� speaking skill. ECP can give a new experience of students who join the English Program without any obstacles in practicing; many chances, free topics and experience exploration. ECP is a simple activity that can create a big result in speaking English skill.Keywords: English camp program, speaking skill, commitment, community, bravery
THE EFFECT OF COOPERATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING AND PERSONALITY TYPES TOWARDS ESSAY WRITING
Authors: Sutrisno Bejo , Rasyid Yumna , Rahmat Aceng
Published: August 2018

This study is aimed to find out the effect of Cooperative learning techniques and personality types on English essay writing skill. This study was conducted at STIBA � IEC Jakarta for the fourth semester in the academic year 2016/2017. It was an experimental study with the factorial design 2 x 2 at 0.05 significance level. The sample was 32 students and divided into two groups which each group was 16 students. The research reveals that: (1) students� English essay writing skill taught with Think-Pair-Share (TPS) technique was� higher than with Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) technique; (2) English essay writing skill on introvert personality type was higher than extrovert personality types; (3) there was interaction effect between learning techniques and personality type toward English essay writing skill; and (4) students with introvert type taught with TPS technique was higher than those taught with STAD technique. There is an interaction effect between learning techniques and personality types on English essay writing skills. Keywords: cooperative learning, essay writing skill, learning technique, personality type
Antibiotic treatment in infants: effect on the gastro-intestinal microbiome and long term consequences
Authors: Peeters Linde , Daelemans Siel , Vandenplas Yvan
Published: August 2018

The gastrointestinal microbiome is crucial for the development of a balanced immune system. Antibiotics are frequently administered to infants and cause intestinal dysbiosis. This narrative review highlights the long term health consequences of antibiotic administration to infants and young children. The necessity of administration of antibiotics should be well considered, since an association with short term consequences such as antibiotic associated diarrhoea and long term adverse effects such as overweight, inflammatory bowel syndrome, allergic disease  have been reported.  Conclusion:  The pros and cons of antibiotic administration to infants and young children should be considered.
Early detection of childhood obesity through extended routine growth monitoring of children below two years of age in the Asia Pacific region.
Authors: Muhardi Leilani , Muhardi Leilani , Van der Beek Eline M , Abrahamse-Berkeveld Marieke , Jan Mohamed Hamid Jan b. , Lek Ngee , Oddy Wendy , Wickramasinghe V P
Published: August 2018

Introduction Increased body fat deposition during early life predisposes to higher obesity and metabolic disorder risks in later life. This is particularly relevant in the Asia Pacific region where historically prevalent under-nutrition is now been paralleled or even overruled by over-nutrition over the last few decades. This overview aims to evaluate the potential of early detection of obesity (risk) among experts through addition of specific growth monitoring assessments in children during the first two years of life. Methods A discussion among experts from Malaysia, Singapore, Sri Lanka and Australia on infant growth and a qualitative evaluation of current practice highlighted the need to measure body composition to assess the quality of growth. Current tools are mainly directed towards simple anthropometric measures such as body weight, length and head circumference which do not adequately reflect concurrent changes in body composition to detect early life adiposity development. Recent findings have shown benefits of measurement such as the sum of four skinfold thickness (S4SFT) during the first two years of life for risk assessment of later overweight/obesity. We recommend this assessment for routine practice as a proxy for fat deposition in young children. Further studies to understand implementation hurdles and cost-effectiveness of S4SFT and health outcomes in young children in the Asia Pacific region are necessary. Conclusion Inclusion of four skinfold thickness measurements as part of routine growth monitoring assessment, in addition to weight and height, could be recommended to assess adiposity development in early life allowing identification of infants at risk for obesity.
Chromatin-mediated translational control is essential for neural cell fate specification
Authors: Hwang Dong-Woo , Jaganathan Anbalagan , Shrestha Padmina , Jin Ying , El-Amine Nour , Wang Sidney H , Hammell Molly , Mills Alea A
Published: August 2018

Neural cell fate specification is a multistep process in which stem cells undergo sequential changes in states, giving rise to particular lineages such as neurons and astrocytes. This process is accompanied by dynamic changes of chromatin and in transcription, thereby orchestrating lineage-specific gene expression programs. A pressing question is how these events are interconnected to sculpt cell fate. We show that altered chromatin due to loss of the chromatin remodeler Chd5 causes neural stem cell activation to occur ahead of time. This premature activation is accompanied by transcriptional derepression of ribosomal subunits, enhanced ribosome biogenesis, and increased translation. These untimely events deregulate cell fate decisions, culminating in the generation of excessive numbers of astrocytes at the expense of neurons. By monitoring the proneural factor Mash1, we further show that translational control is crucial for appropriate execution of cell fate specification, thereby providing new insight into the interplay between transcription and translation at the initial stages of neurogenesis.
A MALAYSIA OF CITIZENS: ETHNICITY, MEMBERSHIP AND POLITICS OF MERGER
Authors: Victoria Ong Argo
Published: August 2018

This paper examines the political history of the relationship between Malaysia and Singapore, focusing on the notion of citizenship and its ethnic, civic and political dimensions. It analyses the extent to which the merger of Singapore with Malaysia redefined the citizenship boundaries of the Malaysian national political identity. The incorporation of Singaporean citizens into the Malaysian political community was controversial, as it was closely related to electoral stakes. The ruling People’s Action Party and the Alliance Party attempted to delineate the political sphere of the population of each political unit through the demarcation between ‘citizenship’ and ‘nationality’. However, the citizenship crisis continued to trouble the relationship of these states to the point that both parties breached the perceived agreement not to interfere with the other’s political sphere of influence. This sphere of influence was delineated on the basis of race, thus cutting across political territory rather than territorial attributes. The ideological clashes over the meaning of citizenship that arose during the political merger of Singapore and Malaya, show that a truly Malaysian citizenship could not be developed-only a Malaysia of citizens.
Sentido formativo de las prácticas profesionales docentes
Authors: Romero Alfredo
Published: August 2018

Las Prácticas Profesionales Docentes hacen parte del proceso de formación de un profesional éticamente responsable y socialmente comprometido. Son un reto que llama a la innovación pedagógica y a la reflexión permanente del quehacer cotidiano. Sólo la reflexión del propio ejercicio docente permitirá una renovación y pertinencia de los saberes y competencias que exige la formación profesional del Maestro.El docente hace parte de los procesos transformadores en una sociedad y, por lo tanto, es un agente que debe considerar su misión en la educación de un país como el nuestro y la responsabilidad social que implica ejercer la profesión docente en contextos en los que su experiencia, concepciones, competencias, estrategias, liderazgo, convicción, principios y valores, calidad humana y actitudes investigativas logran con los estudiantes trabajar por escenarios y realidades que permitan pasar de condiciones deshumanizantes a condiciones más humanas.¿Qué tipo de educación corresponde a un mundo como el actual?, ¿cómo formar a un buen profesor y preservar la calidad de su enseñanza?, ¿cómo trascender el sentido formativo de las prácticas profesionales en un docente?, ¿cuál es la actividad profesional del docente?, ¿dónde pone a prueba las competencias necesarias?, ¿están las instituciones de educación superior dando la importancia suficiente a las prácticas profesionales docentes de sus estudiantes? Es al docente a quien corresponde, desde su práctica pedagógica, exigirse en buscar los conocimientos como un fin en sí mismo, abordar el porvenir con confianza y generar procesos donde cada uno lo haga de manera responsable.
Estado del arte del concepto “lo virtual” en el mundo y en América Latina
Authors: Soriano Espinosa Alfonso
Published: August 2018

El propósito de estas páginas es brindar al lector que se inicia en los estudios ciberculturales una visión básica pero rigurosa de los principales autores de referencia que tanto en el ámbito global como en el ámbito latinoamericano han abordado el concepto lo virtual y otros propios del área, como ciberespacio, cultura y comunicación.Se presenta una propuesta de hoja de ruta para el desarrollo de los estudios ciberculturales en América Latina, en la medida en que existe una ausencia de sistematicidad en las miradas latinoamericanas que sobre el objeto de estudio cibercultura se han llevado a cabo hasta el momento.
El lenguaje o las semióticas de babel que no se enseñan en la escuela
Authors: Pérez Martínez Tito , Sánchez Sonia Liced , Soriano E. Alfonso
Published: August 2018

El presente texto busca realizar un recorrido por el mundo del lenguaje, de la comunicación, de la semiótica y de la escuela para hacer un rastreo del territorio que nos permita imaginar y poder intentar levantar un mapa del movedizo territorio en el cual habitamos; presenta, además, los cambios que se han venido dando en los distintos lenguajes y como estos no han sido asumidos plenamente por la escuela.