bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Two Methods for Calculating the P Sorption Capacity Parameter in Soils
Authors: Bolster Carl H. , Vadas Peter A.
Published: March 2018

Core Ideas

Two methods for calculating soil P sorption capacity parameter (PSP) were evaluated.

PSP values from the two methods were not well correlated with each other.

PSP values calculated by these two methods are likely not estimating the same soil property.

An assumption in the EPIC model that the ratio of stable to active P is 4 may not be valid.

Methods of PSP estimation need improvement, and existing P‐cycling models need further evaluation.

Phosphorus cycling in soils is an important process affecting P movement through the landscape. The P cycling routines in many computer models are based on relationships developed for the EPIC model. An important parameter required for this model is the P sorption capacity parameter (PSP). Using previously published data, we compare two methods for estimating PSP values: (i) measurement of changes in labile inorganic P (Pi) concentrations following 6‐mo soil incubation studies, and (ii) calculation of PSP from concentrations of total Pi and labile Pi estimated from commonly used soil test P extraction methods. Depending on how labile Pi was estimated, we either found a very poor correlation or large (>50%) median differences in PSP between these two methods suggesting they are not estimating the same soil parameter. We also found that PSP values calculated from soil incubation studies significantly underpredicted total Pi. It is not clear whether this underprediction is due to limitations in the experimental approach for measuring PSP using 6‐mo incubation studies, or whether it is a result of limitations with the model itself. Our results also challenge the validity of the assumption in EPIC that stable P is four‐fold the size of the active Pi pool. While calibrating PSP from measured soil P data is less costly and time consuming than long‐term soil incubation studies, we show that the fitted values are dependent on how labile Pi is estimated and thus are not representative of an independently measurable physically based parameter.
The mediating effect of entrepreneurial self-efficacy in entrepreneurial intention – a study in Saudi Arabian context
Authors: Naushad Mohammad , Abdul Malik Syed
Published: March 2018

The purpose of the present study is to test how do the four important psychological antecedents, namely need for achievement (nAch), propensity to risk (PtR), self-confidence (SeC), internal locus of control (IlC) are mediated by the entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) to predict the entrepreneurial intention (EI) in a traditionally oil-based Saudi economy striving for economic diversification. Hypotheses are tested by applying the partial least square (PLS) structural equation modeling (SEM) to a sample of 282 undergraduate business students (male and female) collected from a public university of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The results suggest that psychological variables and self-efficacy play a fundamental role in enhancing entrepreneurial intention (EI) of Saudi students. Personality-related variables have direct influence over EI in other context, but in Saudi context, psychological variables are necessary but not sufficient to develop entrepreneurial intention unless combined with self-efficacy. Self-efficacy has a strong mediating effect between psychological variables and entrepreneurial intentions in Saudi context.
Current Understanding of Interactions between Nanoparticles and ABC Transporters in Cancer Cells
Authors: Yin Jian , Deng Xudong , Zhang Jie , Lin Jun
Published: March 2018

Background:

ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters-mediated multidrug resistance (MDR)
remains the major obstacle for effective cancer therapy. Nanoparticles (NPs)-based delivery systems are
promising to overcome MDR, but only a few of them have been accepted for clinical treatment, which
should be due to their insufficient transportation and potential toxicity. In this respect, more and more
attentions are being attracted on the interactions between NPs and ABC transporters, which hold a key role
in the treatment of MDR cancer and the toxicity of NPs. However, there are no systematic reviews about
such interactions, especially about their corresponding mechanism.

Methods:

We undertook extensive search of PubMed databases for peer-reviewed literatures using focused
review questions. The retrieved papers were mostly published within the 5 years (84 of 104) and all
with an impact factor above 2. First, this review focused on the current knowledge of ABC transporters
involved in MDR and their inhibitors. Then, we reviewed the most recent literature about the inhibitory
effects of organic NPs’ excipients on ABC transporters and the direct interactions of inorganic NPs with
ABC transporters. The major elements of obtained papers were described and classified depending on the
structure of NPs.

Results:

Both organic and inorganic NPs can inhibit the function of ABC transporters, but based on different
mechanisms. The effects of organic NPs are caused by several excipients like surfactants, polymers,
lipids and cyclodextrin. Meanwhile, inorganic NPs usually act as the substrates of ABC transporters and
competitively inhibit the efflux of drugs. These phenomena are interesting and worth investigating.

Conclusion:

The finding of this review confirmed the potential interactions between NPs and ABC transporters.
These phenomena are interesting and worth investigating, and a knowledge of related mechanism
would not only be important for the clinical therapies toward overcoming cancer MDR, but also help the
treatment of other diseases like tuberculosis, AIDS, and central nervous system disorders, whose drugresistance
was also related to ABC transporter-mediated efflux.
DABCO Catalyzed Green and Efficient Synthesis of 2-Amino-4H-Pyrans and Their Biological Evaluation as Antimicrobial and Anticancer Agents
Authors: Waghmare Amit S. , Pandit Shivaji S. , Suryawanshi Dayanand M.
Published: March 2018

Aim and Objective:

The present method is simple, green and highly efficient for the
synthesis of 2-amino-4H-pyran derivatives which are achieved by a one pot three component
cyclocondensation of aldehyde, malanonitrile and ethyl acetoacetate or methyl acetoacetate using
DABCO under solvent free with grinding conditions at room temperature.

Material and Methods:

Some of the synthesized compounds were screened for their antimicrobial
and antifungal activity. The study shows that these compounds show good antimicrobial activity.
Furthermore, eight of the synthesized compounds were selected for screening of their anticancer
activity against human astrocytoma-glioblastoma cell line (U373MG). Some of the compounds show
good anticancer activity.

Result:

Grinding synthesis of 2-amino-4H-pyran derivatives catalyzed by DABCO with various
aromatic aldehydes under solvent-free conditions at room temperature was examined. The obtained
compounds (22 entries) were well synthesized in good to excellent yields.

Conclusion:

The present method is simple, rapid, and most efficient green protocol for the synthesis
of 2-amino-4H-pyran derivatives using highly inexpensive and easily available DABCO as an
efficient catalyst under grinding and solvent free condition at room temperature.
Reduced Serotonin Transporter Levels and Inflammation in the Midbrain Raphe of 12 Month Old APPswe/PSEN1dE9 Mice
Authors: Metaxas Athanasios , Vaitheeswaran Ramanan , Jensen Katrine T. , Thygesen Camilla , Ilkjaer Laura , Darvesh Sultan , Finsen Bente
Published: March 2018

Background:

Although mood and sleep disturbances are nearly universal among patients
with Alzheimer's disease (AD), brain structures involved in non-cognitive processing remain under
characterized in terms of AD pathology.

Objectives:

This study was designed to evaluate hallmarks of AD pathology in the brainstem of the
APPswe/PS1dE9 mouse model of familial AD.

Methods:

Fresh-frozen sections from female, 12 month old, transgenic and control B6C3 mice
(n=6/genotype) were examined for amyloid burden and neurofibrillary alterations, by using 6E10 immunohistochemistry
and the Gallyas silver stain, respectively. Serotonin transporter (SERT) densities in
the dorsal and the median raphe were quantified by [3H]DASB autoradiography. SERT mRNA expression
was measured by RT-PCR and visualized by in situ hybridization. Neuroinflammation was evaluated
by immunohistochemical staining for microglia and astrocytes, and by measuring mRNA levels of
the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6.

Results:

No amyloid- and tau-associated lesions were observed in the midbrain raphe of 12 month old
APPswe/PS1dE9 mice. SERT binding levels were reduced in transgenic animals compared to age-matched
controls, and SERT mRNA levels were decreased by at least 50% from control values. Intense microglial,
but not astrocytic immunoreactivity was observed in APPswe/PS1dE9 vs. wild-type mice. Levels of
TNF-α mRNA were two-fold higher than control and correlated positively with SERT mRNA expression
levels in transgenic animals.

Conclusions:

There was no amyloid accumulation and tau-associated pathology in the midbrain raphe
of 12 month old APPswe/PS1dE9 mice. However, there was a local neuroinflammatory response with loss
of serotonergic markers, which may partially account for some of the behavioral symptoms of AD.
Concept of Night City: A new dimension to a city's economy
Authors: Ahmad Zaki Saniah , Ngesan Mohd Riduan
Published: March 2018

As an outcome of a comprehensive study on an area of 385.401 acres, a township in Alor Gajah, Malacca, was redesigned based on an innovative idea, ‘concept of night city’. The concept is believed to be economically viable. By using space syntax, an analysis of movement as well as the amount of activity likely to result from the movement is performed on the layout to determine if the redesign functions successfully. Results of the spatial analyses showed improvements in connectivity, integration, intelligibility and synergy levels. Based on the buildings, the future town of Alor Gajah looks viable spatially.
Digital Marketing Communication and Car Buying: A Study of Potential Deterrents
Authors: Dahiya Rekha , Mishra Aparna
Published: March 2018

The present study aims to identify the potential deterrents of digital marketing communication while buying a car. Data was collected from 801 respondents from Delhi using area wise proportionate sampling. 75% of the respondents used at least one digital channel of communication while buying a car. There were 25% of the respondents who didn’t use digital channels of communication while buying a car and relied exclusively upon traditional channels of communication. The study analyzed the respondents believing only in traditional channels of communication while buying a car to know the deterrents impeding the usage of digital channels of communication. The study also aimed to identify the distinct customers segments using traditional channels of communication while buying a car. Data was analyzed with the help of chi-square test and cluster analysis. ‘Technicality’ of the medium followed by ‘lack of knowledge and time’ were identified as the major deterrents of digital marketing communication. Two customer segments were identified in the study that made use of only traditional channels of communication while buying a car. First segment comprised of respondents ‘above 40 years of age’ belonging to ‘business’ category. Second segment was composed of respondents in ‘service’ occupational category belonging to ‘26 to 30 years age’ group.
Health Management of Informal Caregivers of Cancer Patients: A Reflective Review
Authors: . Kuhu,
Published: March 2018

An informal caregiver is an unpaid individual who can be a family member, a friend or a neighbor involved in assisting the patient with activities of daily living and/or medical tasks. As cancers have been identified as one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide, it has tightened its grip in India too. Experts have predicted that the incidence of cancer would raise five- fold by the year 2025. With the rise of cancer cases in India, the need for informal caregiving for cancer patients would also take a leap. With the role of informal caregiving, come a lot of responsibilities and insurmountable tasks that need to be performed. Caring for a beloved member of the family or a friend who is suffering from a deadly disease is in itself a big challenge. Taking on new responsibilities on one hand and worrying about the future can be very exhausting at the very least and might quickly lead to numerous psychological and physical problems for the caregivers of the cancer patients. The main question that haunts us is that when you are busy taking care of your beloved person with cancer, then who is managing your own health. Keeping in mind the same concern, a number of studies, review articles and meta-analysis of studies pinpointing on the health management of informal caregivers were considered for perusal. Thus, the present review paper aims to contribute to the society at large, by focusing on studies that discuss the effects of various types of intervention plans that have been applied on the caregivers of cancer patients. It also throws light on the various caregiving skills, care demands, caregiving tasks and certain other factors that need to be considered before coming up with the intervention strategies for managing the overall health of the informal caregivers of cancer patients.
FAMILY ADJUSTMENT IN RELATION TO PROFESSIONAL LIFE STRESS
Authors: Babu R.
Published: March 2018

In today’s world, the life styles of people have totally changed because of the changes in the physical and socio-cultural environment with the advent of information technology. This new life style has led to stress. A Women Teacher is adversely affected by the Professional life Stress as it lowers his ability to function effectively. The study has been conducted to investigate the levels of Professional life Stress and Family Adjustment of the women Teachers. It also examines the relationship between the Professional life Stress and Family Adjustment of the women Teachers. The study was made on a random sample of 500 teachers in Cuddalore district. The tools used in the study were the Family Dyadic Adjustment Scale by Spanier and Professional Stress Inventory for Teachers by Sheeja. The study reveals the fact that the level of Professional life Stress and Family Adjustment of the women Teachers are at high levels.
COMING OUT SEBAGAI STRATEGI PRESENTASI PEKERJA MINORITAS SEKSUAL MELAWAN DISKRIMINASI MENURUT ONTOLOGI MATEMATIKA ALAIN BADIOU
Authors: Syaebani Muhammad Irfan , Ekosiwi Embun Kenyowati
Published: March 2018

Sexual minority workers often choose to hide their true sexual identity to avoid discriminative action towards them. This leads to their invisible position in the workers presentation. Hiding true sexual identity of sexual minority workers creates exclusive relationship between heteronormative majority workers and non-heteronormative minority workers because of unavailability of intensive and personal interactions between them. Thus it makes sexual minority workers are excluded from the workers presentation and preserving discrimination based on sexuality. Using mathematical theory formulated by Alain Badiou, this writing tries to propose a strategy for sexual minority workers to be visible in the workers presentation through coming out action as an event. Coming out in the end is a strategy to fight for equality and an action for discrimination based on sexuality to end.
ISLAM AND RELIGIOUS EXPERIENCE IN THE POSTMODERN
Authors: Sidqi Ahmad
Published: March 2018

The Islamic experience in the modern world reconstitutes the relation between human and God on the basis of the fundamental authority of the holy Quran. Mosque as a symbol, this monument to political power contains some of the most basic contradictions thats characterize Muslim societies in the modern world. A similar distinction applies to the to the morning officialy attributed to the mosque, it maybe “open”, “toleran”, “cosmopolitan”, and “modern” Muslim reformers, embattled governments against increasingly militant oppositional groups which have adopted Islam as an overarching instrument of discourse and struggle. Muslim reformers, activists, and militants nearly always say that theirs is a “movement”, a ‘current” which is still in the process of gestation and evolution. Emancipatory politics is concerned, above all, with themes of justice, equality, and participation, the very same themes that most Muslim reformers are in fact concerned with. Islamic experience involves a redefination of identity in a world which has become homogenized by the globalizing process of modernism The Islamic experience is therefore a call for an emancipatory politics which means justice where there is none, a more egalitarian distribution of wealth and a more democratic system of decision making.
MENGUSAHAKAN KEBAHAGIAAN DALAM KEGIATAN KERJA
Authors: Wahana Paulus
Published: March 2018

Work is a typical human activity that can only be performed by humans. As it is a conscious activity, its purposes and results require understanding. Work is an activity with certain purposes and results which are expected. Those expected purposes and results of work are certainly valuable for human lives. When the valueable aspects of expected purpose are actualised into reality, it will certainly create satisfaction or happiness, as the accompanying value that comes along with it, for individuals who work for it (bonum delectabile). In order to enable activities of work creating happiness in this life, then we need to be aware of the existence of values that can be materialized in work activities. Work therefore will no longer be seen as burdensome and exhaustive human practise in this life. Rather, it will be perceived as a way to materialise the values of life. By exploring and searching for the values which are contained in work, and then struggling for the embodiment these values, it is expected that the embodiment values of life can be maximised. Of course, the embodiment values of life which are being fought for as the expected purpose of work activities will bring happiness in this life.
THE EFFECT OF SOCIAL CAPITAL ON WELFARE IN INDONESIA
Authors: Jumirah Jumirah , Wahyuni Heni
Published: March 2018

Studies into the impact of social capital on welfare are currently growing. However, studies for the case of the developing countries, including Indonesia, are still very rare. Therefore, this paper aims to analyze the impact of social capital on welfare in Indonesia. In this study, social capital is measured by three indicators, namely, trust, cooperativeness and the social network (a person’s participation in community activities).Welfare is measured by household expenditure for food and non-food items. The data are acquired from the Indonesian Family Life Surveys for the years 2007 (IFLS4) and 2014 (IFLS5). This research uses instrumental variables to address the endogeneity issue on social networking (participation in community activities), which is a potential two-way causal relationship. It means that individuals with higher welfare (income) have a higher possibility of participating in community activities, since their participation in community activities is a leisure activity and the utilization of leisure is higher for higher-income people.Using the Instrumental Variables (IV) method and marital status as an instrument, the study found that social capital has a significant impact on welfare. An increased participation in community activities will improve ones welfare by 11.7 percent. Moreover, an increase of cooperativeness by one percent, would increase the welfare by 0.2 percent. On the other hand, trust has a negative relationship with welfare. It means that an increase in trust among individuals by one percent will cause household expenditure on food and non-food items to drop by 0.3 percent.It may imply that higher trust will cause lower transaction costs, which will reduce the expense of individuals buying food and non-food items. Since the coefficient of IV is larger than the coefficient in the OLS estimation, it indicates the absence of reversed causality. The results of this study have an implication for policy decision making which suggests that the policy decision makers should consider the impact of social capital on welfare and support the increase of individuals’ participating in community activities.
Attributable Risk and Time Course of Colistin-Associated Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Miano Todd A. , Lautenbach Ebbing , Wilson F. Perry , Guo Wensheng , Borovskiy Yuliya , Hennessy Sean
Published: March 2018

Background and objectives

Despite colistin’s longstanding reported association with nephrotoxicity, the attributable risk and timing of toxicity onset are still unknown. Whether substantial toxicity occurs during the initial 72 hours of exposure has important implications for early treatment decisions. The objective of this study was to compare colistin-exposed patients with a matched control group given other broad spectrum antibiotics.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

We conducted a retrospective cohort study in patients treated for multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, or Acinetobacter spp. Colistin-exposed patients were matched to unexposed controls using propensity scores. AKI was defined according to the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes creatinine criteria. Incidence rate ratios and risk differences of AKI in the matched cohort were estimated with the generalized estimating equation Poisson regression model. Risk factors for AKI were tested for effect modification in the matched cohort.

Results

The study included 150 propensity-matched pairs with similar types of infection, similar delays to effective treatment, and similar baseline characteristics. Incidence of AKI was 77 of 150 (51%) in the colistin group versus 33 of 150 (22%) in matched controls (risk difference, 29%; 95% confidence interval, 19 to 39), corresponding to a number needed to harm of 3.5. Early toxicity was apparent, because AKI risk was higher in colistin-exposed patients at 72 hours of exposure (incidence rate ratio, 1.9; 95% confidence interval, 1.1 to 3.5). In both groups, hospital mortality in patients who experienced AKI was lower if kidney function returned to baseline during hospitalization. The effect of colistin exposure on AKI risk varied inversely according to baseline hemoglobin concentration.

Conclusions

Colistin is associated with substantial excess AKI that is apparent within the first 72 hours of treatment. Colistin’s toxicity varied according to baseline hemoglobin concentration.

Podcast

This article contains a podcast at https://www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/CJASN/2018_03_15_CJASNPodcast_18_4_M.mp3
Multiscale Landforms Classification Based on UAV Datasets
Authors: Doumit Jean A.
Published: March 2018

The advance uses of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) in geosciences by producing very high spatial resolution Digital Surface Models (DSMs), the various UAV flight altitudes led to different scales DSM. In this paper, we analyzed terrain forms using Topographic Position Index (TPI), landforms extracted by Iwahashi and Pike method and morphometric features of three different spatial resolutions DSM processed from different UAV flights height datasets of the same study area.

Topographic Position Index (TPI) is an algorithm for measuring topographic slope positions and to automate landform classi?cations, Iwahashi and Pike had developed an unsupervised method for classification of Landforms and we have used the techniques developed by Peuker and Douglas, a method classifying terrain surfaces into 7 classes.
Landforms extracted from the three indices listed above at the three flight heights of 120, 240 and 360 meters and compared with each other to understand the generalization of different scale and to highlight which landforms are more affected by the scale changes.
SUITABILITY OF ACTIVITY – BASED COSTING FOR LEAN BUSINESS CONCEPT
Authors: Novićević Čečević Bojana , Antić Ljilja
Published: March 2018

Lean business concept is characterized by securing the required customer value, quick product delivery, elimination of all forms of waste both from production and from all business processes in the company. In order to successfully respond to such requests, company managers need an appropriate information base. One of the possible information bases is activity-based costing. The paper deals with the issue of application and suitability of activity-based costing for lean business concept.
POKRIVENE OBVEZNICE: NOVA ŠANSA ZA OPORAVAK TRŽIŠTA KAPITALA U SRBIJI
Authors: Mirković Vladimir , Lukić Jelena
Published: March 2018

At the beginning of the XXI century, Serbia entered into transition process toward open market economy. One of the segments which should be developed in accordance with market economy principles was financial markets, more precisely capital market. Recovery of the Belgrade Stock Exchange and increasing trend in the first half of the XXI century gave optimism in prospective development of the Serbian capital market. Unfortunately, Serbian capital market did not make expected progress. In this paper, the situation on the Belgrade Stock Exchange is analyzed, trading with equity and debt instruments, emphasizing deficiencies which caused insufficient level of development of the Serbian capital market. As many opportunities for growth have been  missed and capital markets are at the stagnant level for years, there are new, sophisticated products which could give an impulse to further development of financial markets. An example of such products is covered bonds, type of debt instruments with widespread use in the European Union. In this paper the main characteristics of those products are elaborated with experiences in other countries that could be very useful for Serbia.
Programa de formación de ayudantes de investigación: conocimiento y satisfacción de los estudiantes
Authors: Urrutia M.T. , Tudela V. , Araya A.X. , Padilla O.
Published: March 2018

Introducción: La inserción de estudiantes de pregrado en actividades de investigación es relevante para fomentar la crítica y aplicación de resultados de investigación. La formación de ayudantes de investigación se plantea como una alternativa válida para que los alumnos se expongan, experimenten y participen activamente en el proceso de investigación.
Objetivo: Identificar el nivel de conocimiento y grado de satisfacción de los estudiantes después de  participar en un programa de formación de ayudantes de investigación. Método: Estudio de pre y post test en 20 estudiantes de pregrado de Enfermería. Se evaluó el conocimiento alcanzado y la satisfacción de los estudiantes con el  programa de formación, el cual considera  tres módulos de aprendizaje distribuidos en 180 horas cronológicas.
Resultados: El conocimiento de los estudiantes incrementó significativamente con el programa, no se relacionó con el conocimiento que el alumno trae al inicio del mismo, así como tampoco con el semestre que cursa. El grado de satisfacción fue en el 100% de los alumnos muy satisfecho.
Discusión: Este artículo reporta un programa de formación de ayudantes de investigación que es posible ser replicado en otras realidades, que incrementa el conocimiento, con un alto grado de satisfacción en los estudiantes. La duración del programa podría considerarse una debilidad.
Conclusión: La participación de estudiantes de pregrado en un programa de formación de ayudantes de investigación, puede considerarse una estrategia para involucrar a alumnos en investigación, y que valoren su aporte en la disciplina de enfermería.
Prevalencia de desesperanza y factores sociodemográficos de migrantes mexicanos repatriados
Authors: Romo-Martínez P. , Salcedo-Rodríguez P. E. , Fomina A. , Sandoval-Aguilar M. , Zumaya N. , Cortazar L.A. , Reyes P.A. , Díaz-Ramírez J. B. , Jiménez-Mendoza A.
Published: March 2018

Objetivo: Describir las características sociodemográficas generales, así como algunas vinculadas con el proceso de migración y evaluar el nivel de desesperanza de los mexicanos que son deportados de los Estados Unidos de América (EE.UU) al Aeropuerto Internacional de la Ciudad de México (AICM), a través del Programa de Repatriación al Interior de México (PRIM).

Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de tipo transversal en el periodo de julio a diciembre de 2015. Se aplicó en forma aleatoria, confidencial y previo consentimiento un cuestionario estructurado a migrantes mexicanos deportados a su arribo a México y provenientes de los EE.UU, se incluyó una sección de datos sociodemográficos generales; de aspectos relacionados con la migración y, se evaluó el nivel de desesperanza por medio de la Escala de Desesperanza de Beck. 

Resultados: Se encuestó a 367 migrantes mexicanos deportados, sólo siete fueron mujeres, la mayoría en un rango de edad de 18 a 35 años, el 23% reporta enfermedades pre-existentes, sólo el 45% tuvo un buen acceso a servicios de salud en EE.UU, el 56% ya había sido repatriado en dos o más ocasiones, el 75% había vivido más de cinco años en ese país, sólo el 13% utilizó una Ventanilla de Salud de algún consulado mexicano durante su estancia. La prevalencia de desesperanza fue del 6% en esta población.

Conclusiones: El abordaje de la salud mental en poblaciones de migrantes mexicanos carece de políticas públicas. La caracterización de la población migrante repatriada debe ser el punto de partida para incidir en políticas públicas que mejoren la calidad de vida de los migrantes de retorno.
Parent’s academic expectation dan Konsep Diri Akademik Terhadap Kecemasan Menghadapi Ujian Nasional siswa SMA
Authors: Permatasari Dian Putri , Rahajeng Unita Werdi , Fitriani Afia , Kurniawati Yunita
Published: March 2018

Ujian nasional merupakan salah tahap yang harus dilalui siswa SMA sebelum mereka dinyatakan lulus dari sekolah menengah. Meskipun tidak lagi menjadi prasyarat kelulusan, namun menghadapi ujian nasional tetap menimbulkan kecemasan tersendiri. Terdapat beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi kecemasan dalam menghadapi ujian, diantaranya adalah faktor internal dan juga faktor eksternal dari siswa yang bersangkutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh parent’s academic expectation dan konsep diri akademik terhadap kecemasan dalam menghadapi ujian nasional pada siswa SMA. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan 3 skala, yaitu skala parent’s educational expectation, skala konsep diri akademik, dan skala kecemasan ujian. Responden dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 163 siswa SMA. Data dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai F = 31,90 dengan p = 0.000, artinya terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara harapan orang tua dan konsep diri terhadap kecemasan dalam menghadapi ujian nasional pada siswa SMA.
Psikoedukasi Seks untuk Mencegah Pelecehan Seksual pada Anak Prasekolah
Authors: Sulistiyowati Anugrah , Matulessy Andik , Pratikto Herlan
Published: March 2018

Abstrak. Pelecehan seksual pada anak adalah perilaku yang mengarah pada hal yang bersifat seksual pada anak, tidak dikehendaki oleh anak, serta menimbulkan dampak negative pada anak. Kasus pelecehan seksual pada anak semakin meningkat pertahunnya sehingga perlu dilakukan pencegahan melalui psikoedukasi seks pada anak prasekolah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh psikoedukasi seks dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang pelecehan seksual anak prasekolah. Penelitian tersebut menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain one group pretest posttest. Subyek yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah siswa TK atau prasekolah sebanyak 10 siswa laki-laki dan 10 siswa perempuan yang dipilih secara purposif. Penelitian ini dianalisis menggunakan Uji Wilcoxon singed rank digunakan untuk mengukur pengaruh psikoedukasi seks untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang pelecehan seksual pada anak prasekolah sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Didapatkan nilai z sebesar -3.926 dengan p=0.000 (p<0.01) hal ini menunjukan pengetahuan tentang pelecehan seksual pada anak setelah diberikan intervensi meningkat, namun tidak ada perbedaan pengetahuan antara anak laki-laki dengan anak perempuan.Kata kunci: Pelecehan seksual anak, psikoedukasi seksAbstract. Child Sexual Abuse is a form of violation against children’s right and it leads to various negative effects on them. Child Sexual Abuse cases is growing day each day. In order to protect them, it is necessary to conduct primary prevention through improving knowledge about child sexual abuse towards pre-school children. This study aimed to observe the effectiveness of psycho sexual education to improve child sexual abuse knowledge among pre-school girl and boy. This study used quantative method with one group pre-test post-test group design. The subjects of this study were pres-school student (kindergarten students) selected by purposive sampling method. Wilcoxon Sign-Ranked Test used to measure the effect of psycho sexual education to improve child sexual abuse knowledge among pre-school students before and after intervention gained z score -3,926 at p0.000 (p<0.01). This results showed there was sexual abuse knowledge improvement towards children after given intervention, but there was sexual abuse knowledge improvement no differences between girl and boy students.Key words : Child sexual abuse, Psychoeducation Sex
Dukungan Teman Sebaya dan Kematangan Karier Mahasiswa Tingkat Akhir
Authors: Hendayani Novia , Abdullah Sri Muliati
Published: March 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara dukungan teman sebaya dengan kematangan karier pada mahasiswa tingkat akhir di Universitas “X”. Hipotesis yang diajukan adalah ada hubungan positif antara dukungan teman sebaya dengan kematangan karier pada mahasiswa tingkat akhir di Universitas “X”. Subjek penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa tingkat akhir Universitas “X”yang berada pada semester 7 ke atas dan berusia antara 21-24 tahun sebanyak 110 subjek. Alat ukur yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah skala kematangan karier sebanyak 29 aitem dan skala dukungan teman sebaya sebanyak 29 aitem yang dikonstruksikan dengan model penskalaan Likert. Hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan teknik korelasi product moment dengan bantuan program SPSS 16.0. Hasil korelasi r = 0,545 dan taraf signifikansi p = 0,000 dimana p ˂ 0,05 hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan positif antara dukungan teman sebaya dengan kematangan karier pada mahasiswa tingkat akhir di Universitas “X”. Dukungan teman sebaya memberikan sumbangan efektif sebesar 29,7% terhadap kematangan karier, sedangkan 70,3% diberikan oleh faktor lain. Kata kunci : Kematangan Karier, Dukungan Teman Sebaya, Mahasiswa Tingkat Akhir This study aims to determine the relationship between peer support and career maturity in the final grade students at the “X” University. The hypothesis proposed is that there is a positive relationship between peer support and career maturity in the final grade students at “X” University. The subject of this research is the final level of the University of “X”which is in the 7th and above semester and aged between 21-24 years as many as 110 subjects. Measuring tools used in this study is the scale of career maturity as much as 29 item and peer support scale of 29 item constructed with Likert scaling model. The results were analyzed by product moment correlation technique with SPSS 16.0 program. The result of correlation r = 0,545 and significance level p = 0,000 where p ˂ 0,05 this indicates that there is positive relation between peer support with career maturity at final level student at “X” University. Peer support provides 29.7% effective contribution to career maturity, while 70.3% is given by other factors. Keywords : Career Maturity, Peers Support, Final Year Students
Dialogic Reading untuk Mengembangkan Pemahaman Empati Anak Usia 3-4 Tahun
Authors: Petrisia Korifanny , Salim Rose Mini Agoes , Savitri Luh Surini Yulia
Published: March 2018

Abstrak. Meningkatnya jumlah anak-anak sebagai pelaku beberapa tindak kejahatan memperlihatkan bahwa anak membutuhkan empati sebagai penyangga perilaku. Pemahaman empati akan membantu anak memahami apa yang dirasakan oleh orang lain sehingga akan peka saat melakukan sebuah perilaku. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat efektivitas dialogic reading untuk mengembangkan pemahaman empati anak usia 3-4 tahun. Alat ukur yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Empathy Scale for Children (ESC). Disain penelitian ini adalah one group pre-test-post-test design. Dialogic reading merupakan metode pembacaan cerita interaktif dengan tanya jawab antara pembaca cerita dengan anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan 4 buku cerita bergambar yang bercerita mengenai perasaan senang, sedih, marah dan takut. Dialogic reading dilakukan selama 4 hari pada TK XY, Kota Payakumbuh, Sumatera Barat dengan total partisipan sebanyak 29. Analisis hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dialogic reading secara signifikan meningkatkan pemahaman empati anak usia 3-4 tahun. Untuk penelitian selanjutnya, dapat melakukan checklist perilaku sebelum dan sesudah intervensi atau melakukan dialogic reading secara individu dengan orang tua atau guru. Kata kunci: Empati, pembacaaan buku cerita, buku cerita bergambar, dialogic reading Abstract. The increasing number of children as offenders shows that children need empathy as buffer for their behavior. Empathy understanding will help children to have perspectives of what other people feel, hence children will have some consideration before act. The aim of this research is to test the effectiveness dialogic reading to develop empathy understanding of children age 3-4 years old. The effectiveness of dialogic reading is measured using Empathy Scale for Children (ESC). The Research design is one group pre-test-post-test design. This research using dialogic reading, which is interactive reading method between the storyteller and children. The dialogic reading uses 4 picture storybooks each about happy, sad, anger and scare that conducted for 4 days at XY Kindergarten, Payakumbuh, West Sumatra. The statistical results demonstrate that there is significant difference at children’s empathy understanding score before and after the dialogic reading. For further research, can do the behavior checklist before and after the intervention or do one to one book reading with teacher or parent. Keyword: Empathy, book reading, picture storybook, dialogic reading
Family Function dan Loneliness pada Remaja dengan Orang Tua Tunggal
Authors: Hidayati Diana Savitri
Published: March 2018

Perubahan struktur keluarga pada keluarga dengan orang tua tunggal akibat perceraian sedikit banyak akan mempengaruhi family functioning keluarga tersebut. Kondisi family functioning tersebut diduga mempunyai korelasi dengan terjadinya loneliness pada remaja sebagai salah satu anggota keluarga dari keluarga dengan orang tua tunggal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan antara family functioning dan loneliness pada remaja dengan orang tua tunggal. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif korelasional dengan subyek penelitiannya berjumlah 106 remaja berusia 15-18 tahun yang tinggal dengan orang tua tunggal karena perceraian. Metode pengumpulan data melalui skala yaitu skala Family Asessment Device (FAD) dan R-UCLA Loneliness Scale yang masing-masing telah diterjemahkan ke Bahasa Indonesia dan telah melalui uji validasi. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa hipotesa penelitian yang diajukan diterima yang berarti bahwa ada hubungan negatif antara family functioning dan loneliness yang dibuktikan oleh perhitungan statistik dengan nilai signifikansi (p) sebesar 0,038.Kata kunci : family functioning, lonelinessWhen parents get divorced, so there will be a change into a family functioning of  this new family. A family functioning  will be predicted to rise loneliness in a teenage. The aim of this study is to determine the relationships of family functioning and loneliness in teenage who live with singgle parents after divorced.  Methode research is a quantitative approach to correlation with number of subjects were 106 teenage who 15-18 years old. Methode of data collecting  in this study by Family Asessment Device (FAD) and R-UCLA loneliness scale. The results showed that there is a significant correlations  between family functioning  and loneliness (r = -0.202; p = 0.038; Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level).Keywords : family functioning, loneliness
Mental Toughness dan Competitive Anxiety pada Atlet Bola Voli
Authors: Algani Panji Wahyu , Yuniardi Muhammad Salis , Masturah Alifah Nabilah
Published: March 2018

Abstrak. Competitive anxiety merupakan suatu hal negatif dalam menghadapi kompetisi karena dapat menurunkan capaian prestasi dan hal ini diindikasi salah satunya terkait dengan mental toughness atau kemampuan untuk bersikap positif ketika menghadapi suatu tekanan khususnya dalam sebuah pertandingan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji hubungan antara mental toughness dengan competitive anxiety pada atlet bola voli. Terdapat 118 responden yang mengisi lengkap dan data selanjutanya dianalisis melalui product moment correlation Pearson SPSS 21.0. Hasil menunjukkan adanya hubungan negatif yang signifikan antara mental toughness dengan competitive anxiety (r = -0,670 dan p < 0,001). Semakin mampu seorang atlit untuk bersikap positif terhadap tekanan maka semakin rendah kecemasannya menghadapi kompetisi. Kata kunci: mental toughness, competitive anxiety, atlet Abstract. Competitive anxiety could distract concentration and eventually could decrease achievement. It has been indicated that competitive anxiety is related to mental toughness or an ability to develop a positive attitude in handling pressure particularly a competition. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between mental toughness and competitive anxiety. This study recruited 118 volleyball athletes and their data subsequently was analysed through product moment correlation Pearson SPSS 21.0. The result revealed that there was a significant negative correlation between mental toughness and competitive anxiety behavior (r = -0,670 and p < 0,001). More able to positively perceive pressure and handling the situation, athletes would be less anxiety in facing the competition. Keyword: mental toughness, competitive anxiety, athletes
Dukungan Sosial Teman Virtual Melalui Media Instagram pada Remaja Akhir
Authors: Rahmawati Ainun , Nurhamida Yuni
Published: March 2018

Abstrak. Remaja akhir sendiri memiliki kebutuhan untuk berkomunikasi dengan teman sebaya, sehingga media instagram menjadi kebutuhan sehari-hari. Media instagram merupakan kemajuan teknologi yang perlahan menggeser sosialisasi secara langsung menjadi virtual. Dukungan sosial teman virtual yaitu dukungan sosial yang didapat melalui dunia maya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menggambarkan dukungan sosial teman virtual melalui media instagram. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 428 mahasiswa dengan metode pengambilan data purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kuisoner berdasarkan bentuk dukungan yaitu bentuk dukungan sosial instrumental, informasional, emosional, penghargaan diri dan jaringan sosial. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu bentuk dukungan tertinggi pada dukungan instrumental berjumlah 86,9 %, urutan kedua yaitu bentuk dukungan informasional berjumlah 79,7 %, urutan ketiga yaitu bentuk dukungan jaringan sosial berjumlah 56,5 %, diurutan keempat bentuk dukungan penghargaan berjumlah 34,8% dan diuruta kelima bentuk dukungan emosional berjumlah 23,6 %. Kata kunci : dukungan sosial teman virtual, instagram, remaja akhir Abstract. Late teens themselves have a need to communicate with peers, so that instagram media into their daily needs. Media instagram is slowly shifting technological advances directly into a virtual socialization. Social support virtual friends that social support is obtained through cyberspace. The purpose of this study to describe the social support virtual friends via instagram media. Subjects numbered 428 students with purposive sampling method of data collection. Collecting data in this study using a questionnaire based on the form of support is a form of social support instrumental, informational, emotional, self-esteem and social networks. Results from this research that the highest form of support in instrumental support amounted to 86.9%, The second sequence that forms informational support amounted to 79.7%, the third is a form of social networking support amounted to 56.5%, in fourth form of support awards amounted to 34.8% and the fifth in the form of emotional support amounted to 23.6%. Keywords: social support virtual friends, instagram, late adolescence
Seed industry and seed policy reforms in Bangladesh: impacts and implications
Authors: Kolady Deepthi Elizabeth , Awal Md. Abdul
Published: March 2018

High population density in Bangladesh implies that agricultural productivity improvement is key to ensure food security. This raises the need for increased research and development investment in the agricultural sector. Although Bangladesh has enacted various seed policy reforms since 1990s to attract the private sector, the seed sector in Bangladesh still remains less developed and relies heavily on imports for the supply of quality seeds. Unlike in Bangladesh, the seed policy reforms in India contributed to the development of a competitive seed industry in India. In this study, we examine the characteristics of seed sector in Bangladesh, conduct a comparative analysis of seed policy reforms in Bangladesh and India, and empirically examine the effect of Bangladesh seed policy reforms on cereal crops’ productivity. Results from the study have implications for seed industry stakeholders and policy makers in developing countries, particularly in designing strategies and policies for seed industry development.
The GM-regulation game – the case of Hungary
Authors: Popp József , Oláh Judit , Fári Miklós , Balogh Péter , Lakner Zoltán
Published: March 2018

Hungary, this small and open economy with limited natural resources, tries to build its future on creativity and innovation. At the same time, the country has declared in its basic law a categorical prohibition on the application of genetically modified organisms. The aim of this study is to explain the causes of this obvious contradiction. The collection of expert estimations regarding the relative positions and attitudes of different actors has been carried out in the form of face-to-face interviews with 67 stakeholders in the agri-food sector, following a strictly neutral approach, not taking into consideration whether the respondents have taken positions for or against the application of genetically modified crops. In order to define the key actors in the GM regulation debate, their mutual influences and their goals. Based on this information, a quantitative model has been developed to determine the system of interests of different actors and the coalition(s) which develop among them around different goals. The results of the analysis emphasise that a wide coalition of anti-GMO actors has formed, consisting of researchers, NGOs, GM-free certifiers, the media and the parliamentary parties. However, their interests are quite different, as is their natural reluctance to accept new, partially unknown technology. The results of our investigations support the practical applicability of strategic position analysis, supported by modern expert-opinion based quantitative methods. The application of this approach offers a favourable possibility to determine the positions of various actors. Under these conditions, there is an urgent need to change the communication strategy of pro-GMO scientists and other stakeholders and instead of taking a defensive position, pro-active communication should be adopted.