bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Active Object-Detection Algorithm for Adaptive Attribute Adjustment of Remote-Sensing Images
Authors: Wang Jianyu , Zhu Feng , Wang Qun , Zhao Pengfei , Fang Yingjian
Published: February 2025

In recent years, the continuous advancement of deep learning has led to significant progress in object-detection technology for remote-sensing images. However, most current detection methods passively perform detection on the input image without considering the relationship between imaging configurations and detection-algorithm performance. Therefore, when factors such as poor lighting conditions, extreme shooting angles, or long acquisition distances degrade image quality, the passive detection framework limits the effectiveness of the current detection algorithm, preventing it from completing the detection task. To address the limitations above, this paper proposes an active object-detection (AOD) method based on deep reinforcement learning, taking adaptive brightness and collection position adjustments as examples. Specifically, we first established an end-to-end network structure to generate attribute control policies. Then, we designed a reward function suitable for remote-sensing images based on the degree of improvement in detection performance. Finally, we propose a new viewpoint-management method in this paper, which is successfully implemented by a training method of long-term Prioritized Experience Replay (LPER), which significantly reduces the accumulation of negative and repetitive samples and improves the success rate of the AOD algorithm for remote-sensing images. The experiments on two public datasets have fully demonstrated the effectiveness and advantages of the algorithm proposed in this paper.
Quantitative Rockfall Hazard Assessment of the Norwegian Road Network and Residences at an Indicative Level from Simulated Trajectories
Authors: Noël François , Nordang Synnøve Flugekvam
Published: February 2025

Field observations provide valuable information for rockfall assessments, but estimating physical and statistical quantities related to rockfall propagation directly is challenging. Simulations are commonly used to infer these quantities, but their subjectivity can result in varying hazard land use zonation extents for different projects. This paper focuses on the application of simulated trajectories for rockfall hazard assessments, with an emphasis on reducing subjectivity. A quantitative guiding rockfall hazard methodology based on earlier concepts is presented and put in the context of legislated requirements. It details how the temporal hazard component, related to the likelihood of failure, can be distributed spatially using simulated trajectories. The method can be applied with results from any process-based software and combined with various prediction methods of the temporal aspect, although this aspect is not the primary focus. Applied examples for static objects and moving objects, such as houses and vehicles, are shown to illustrate the important effect of the object size. For that purpose, the methodology was applied at an indicative level over Norway utilizing its 1 m detailed digital terrain model (DTM) acquired from airborne LiDAR. Potential rockfall sources were distributed in 3D where slopes are steeper than 50°, as most rockfall events in the national landslide database (NSDB) occurred in such areas. This threshold considerably shifts toward gentler slopes when repeating the analysis with coarser DTMs. Simulated trajectories were produced with an adapted version of the simulation model stnParabel. Comparing the number of trajectories reaching the road network to the numerous related registered rockfall events of the NSDB, an indicative averaged yearly frequency of released rock fragments of 1/25 per 10,000 m2 of cliff was obtained for Norway. This average frequency can serve as a starting point for hazard assessments and should be adjusted to better match local conditions.
A Review of Machine Learning and Deep Learning Methods for Person Detection, Tracking and Identification, and Face Recognition with Applications
Authors: Amirgaliyev Beibut , Mussabek Miras , Rakhimzhanova Tomiris , Zhumadillayeva Ainur
Published: February 2025

This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of recent developments in face recognition, tracking, identification, and person detection technologies, highlighting the benefits and drawbacks of the available techniques. To assess the state-of-art in these domains, we reviewed more than one hundred eminent journal articles focusing on current trends and research gaps in machine learning and deep learning methods. A systematic review using the PRISMA method helped us to generalize the search for the most relevant articles in this area. Based on our screening and evaluation procedures, we found and examined 142 relevant papers, evaluating their reporting compliance, sufficiency, and methodological quality. Our findings highlight essential methods of person detection, tracking and identification, and face recognition tasks, emphasizing current trends and illustrating a clear transition from classical to deep learning methods with existing datasets, divided by task and including statistics for each of them. As a result of this comprehensive review, we agree that the results demonstrate notable improvements. Still, there remain several key challenges like refining model robustness under varying environmental conditions, including diverse lighting and occlusion; adaptation to different camera angles; and ethical and legal issues related to privacy rights.
Fault Diagnosis for Current Sensors in Charging Modules Based on an Adaptive Sliding Mode Observer
Authors: Huang Pengfei , Liu Jie , Wang Jiaxin
Published: February 2025

This article proposes a fault diagnosis method based on an adaptive sliding mode observer (SMO) for current sensors (CSs) in the charging modules of DC charging piles. Firstly, we establish a model of the phase-shift full-bridge (PSFB) converter with CS faults. Secondly, the fault of the CS is reconstructed through system augmentation and non-singular coordinate transformation. Then, an adaptive SMO is designed to estimate the reconstructed state, and the residual between the actual value of the reconstructed state and the observed value is used as the fault detection variable. Finally, by using norms to design adaptive thresholds and comparing them with fault detection variables, the diagnosis of incipient faults, significant faults, and failure faults in CSs can be achieved. The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method in this paper; the robustness of the method has been verified under the conditions of DC voltage fluctuations and load fluctuations.
Enhancing Energy Efficiency of Sensors and Communication Devices in Opportunistic Networks Through Human Mobility Interaction Prediction
Authors: Memon Ambreen , Islam Sardar M. N. , Ali Muhammad Nadeem , Kim Byung-Seo
Published: February 2025

The proliferation of smart devices such as sensors and communication devices has necessitated the development of networks that can adopt device-to-device communication for delay-tolerant data transfer and energy efficiency. Therefore, there is a need to develop opportunistic networks to enhance energy efficiency through improved data routing. A sensor device equipped with computing, communication, and mobility capabilities can opportunistically transfer data to another device, either as a direct recipient or as an intermediary forwarding data to a third device. Routing algorithms designed for such opportunistic networks aim to increase the probability of successful message transmission by leveraging area information derived from historical data to forecast potential encounters. However, accurately determining the precise locations of mobile devices remains highly challenging and necessitates a robust prediction mechanism to provide reliable insights into mobility encounters. In this study, we propose incorporating a random forest regressor (RFR) to predict the future location of mobile users, thereby enhancing message routing efficiency. The RFR utilizes mobility traces from diverse users and is equipped with sensors for computing and communication purposes. These predictions improve message routing performance and reduce energy and bandwidth resource utilization during routine data transmissions. To evaluate the proposed approach, we compared the predictive performance of the RFR against existing benchmark schemes, including the Gaussian process, using real-world mobility data traces. The mobility traces from the University of Southern California (USC) were employed to underpin the simulations. Our findings demonstrate that the RFR significantly outperformed both the Gaussian process and existing methods in predicting mobility encounters. Furthermore, the integration of mobility predictions into device-to-device (D2D) communication and traditional internet networks showed potential energy consumption reductions of up to one-third, highlighting the practical benefits of the proposed approach. The contribution of this research is that it highlights the limitations of existing mobility prediction models and develops new resource optimization and energy-efficient opportunistic networks that overcome these limitations.
Efficient Sensors Selection for Traffic Flow Monitoring: An Overview of Model-Based Techniques Leveraging Network Observability
Authors: Fabris Marco , Ceccato Riccardo , Zanella Andrea
Published: February 2025

The emergence of 6G-enabled Internet of Vehicles (IoV) promises to revolutionize mobility and connectivity, integrating vehicles into a mobile Internet of Things (IoT)-oriented wireless sensor network (WSN). Meanwhile, 5G technologies and mobile edge computing further support this vision by facilitating real-time connectivity and empowering massive access to the Internet. Within this context, IoT-oriented WSNs play a crucial role in intelligent transportation systems, offering affordable alternatives for traffic monitoring and management. Efficient sensor selection thus represents a critical concern while deploying WSNs on urban networks. In this paper, we provide an overview of such a notably hard problem. The contribution is twofold: (i) surveying state-of-the-art model-based techniques for efficient sensor selection in traffic flow monitoring, emphasizing challenges of sensor placement, and (ii) advocating for the development of data-driven methodologies to enhance sensor deployment efficacy and traffic modeling accuracy. Further considerations underscore the importance of data-driven approaches for adaptive transportation systems aligned with the IoV paradigm.
Sensing Techniques for Structural Health Monitoring: A State-of-the-Art Review on Performance Criteria and New-Generation Technologies
Authors: Mardanshahi Ali , Sreekumar Abhilash , Yang Xin , Barman Swarup Kumar , Chronopoulos Dimitrios
Published: February 2025

This systematic review examines the capabilities, challenges, and practical implementations of the most widely utilized and emerging sensing technologies in structural health monitoring (SHM) for infrastructures, addressing a critical research gap. While many existing reviews focus on individual methods, comprehensive cross-method comparisons have been limited due to the highly tailored nature of each technology. We address this by proposing a novel framework comprising five specific evaluation criteria—deployment suitability in SHM, hardware prerequisites, characteristics of the acquired signals, sensitivity metrics, and integration with Digital Twin environments—refined with subcriteria to ensure transparent and meaningful performance assessments. Applying this framework, we analyze both the advantages and constraints of established sensing technologies, including infrared thermography, electrochemical sensing, strain measurement, ultrasonic testing, visual inspection, vibration analysis, and acoustic emission. Our findings highlight critical trade-offs in scalability, environmental sensitivity, and diagnostic accuracy. Recognizing these challenges, we explore next-generation advancements such as self-sensing structures, unmanned aerial vehicle deployment, IoT-enabled data fusion, and enhanced Digital Twin simulations. These innovations aim to overcome existing limitations by enhancing real-time monitoring, data management, and remote accessibility. This review provides actionable insights for researchers and practitioners while identifying future research opportunities to advance scalable and adaptive SHM solutions for large-scale infrastructure.
Optimizing Mechanical Properties and Environmental Benefits of CFBFA Composite Gravels Through Gypsum, Hydrated Lime Addition, and CO2 Carbonation Curing
Authors: Xu Nuo , He Yuqing , Sa Rentuoya , Wang Nana , Yang Yuandong , Ma Suxia
Published: February 2025

This study explores the potential of utilizing circulating fluidized bed boiler fly ash (CFBFA) in the production of composite gravels, with the aim of achieving performance comparable to natural gravel while promoting sustainability. CFBFA, activated by hydrated lime and gypsum, was investigated for its pozzolanic reaction and carbonation curing under simulated coal-fired power plant flue gas conditions (80 °C, 0.4 MPa, 15% CO2, 85% N2). The study focused on optimizing the ratios of gypsum and hydrated lime in CFBFA-based cementitious materials, with the goal of enhancing their mechanical properties and understanding the underlying hydration and carbonation mechanisms. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to analyze the mineral composition and microstructure of the composite gravels. The results revealed that the optimal gypsum-to-hydrated lime ratio for CFBFA composite gravels is 2:1, achieving a compressive strength of 9.01 MPa after 28 days of carbonation curing. Carbonation curing accelerated hydration, improving the material’s strength, stability, and microstructure. Additionally, the production of CFBFA composite gravels demonstrated significant environmental benefits, reducing Cumulative Energy Demand (CED) by 86.52% and Global Warming Potential (GWP) by 87.81% compared to cement road base materials. This research underscores the potential of CFBFA as a sustainable construction material, with insights into improving its mechanical performance and expanding its large-scale use through carbonation curing with flue gas.
Investigating the Role of Urban Factors in COVID-19 Transmission During the Pre- and Post-Omicron Periods: A Case Study of South Korea
Authors: Shin Seongyoun , Won Jaewoong
Published: February 2025

While the literature has investigated the associations between urban environments and COVID-19 infection, most studies primarily focused on urban density factors and early outbreaks, often reporting mixed results. We examined how diverse urban factors impact COVID-19 cases across 229 administrative districts in South Korea during Pre-Omicron and Post-Omicron periods. Real-time big data (Wi-Fi, GPS, and credit card transactions) were integrated to capture dynamic mobility and economic activities. Using negative binomial regression and random forest modeling, we analyzed urban factors within the D-variable framework: density (e.g., housing density), diversity (e.g., land-use mix), design (e.g., street connectivity), and destination accessibility (e.g., cultural and community facilities). The results revealed the consistent significance of density and destination-related factors across analytic approaches and transmission phases, but specific factors of significance varied over time. Residential and population densities were more related in the early phase, while employment levels and cultural and community facilities became more relevant in the later phase. Traffic volume and local consumption appeared important, though their significance is not consistent across the models. Our findings highlight the need for adaptive urban planning strategies and public health policies that consider both static and dynamic urban factors to minimize disease risks while sustaining urban vitality and health in the evolving pandemic.
Research Progress of Concrete Preparation Based on Solid Waste Properties of Coal Gangue
Authors: Cheng Liang , Zhao Lin , Cheng Linfeng , Gao Ye , Guo Hao , Che Yuxuan , Fu Hanghang
Published: February 2025

Coal gangue (CG) is one of the most frequent solid wastes in the world, and it poses a severe hazard to both human society and natural ecosystems. In light of the progressive increase in environmental awareness and the unavoidable trend of the requirements of a sustainable development plan, how to efficiently use these vast quantities of CG has become an important subject in China. Concrete aggregate, which can not only solve environmental pollution but also compensate for the scarcity of natural gravel and sand resources, is the most cost-effective and eco-friendly way to utilize CG resources in accordance with the strategic requirements of green and sustainable development. However, how to deal with the preparation of high-quality gangue aggregate needs to be targeted research; blindly using gangue for concrete may bring some safety hazards. This requires that based on the source, distribution, storage, chemical composition, mineral composition of the gangue and the problems in the utilization process, efforts are made to open up the key routes of gangue concrete utilization, and to provide theoretical guidance for the high-value and environmentally friendly utilization of the CG. This paper summarizes the CG aggregate characteristics and its impact on concrete performance, discusses the technical means to improve the performance of CG aggregate concrete, and analyzes if the current CG aggregate in the concrete application of the problem still exists, with a view to gradually realize the CG of low-energy consumption bulk utilization. The popularization and application of CG aggregate will accelerate the solution of the environmental pollution problem it brings, and can to a certain extent alleviate the current situation in that the supply of natural sand and gravel resources is insufficient to meet the demand; the sustainable development of today’s research on CG aggregate for concrete has important environmental and economic significance.
Fashion Circularity: Potential of Reusing and Recycling Remnant Fabric to Create Sustainable Products
Authors: Shamsuzzaman Md. , Al. Mamun Md. Abdullah , Hasan H M Rakib Ul , Hassan Ready , Zulkernine Ayesha , Atik Md. Atiqur Rahman , Islam Mazed
Published: February 2025

The textile and fashion industry produce a significant amount of solid waste annually. Most of this waste is either disposed of or burned; very little is reused. This research investigates the potential of reusing and recycling remnant fabric to create sustainable luxury fashion products in a circular economy. Focusing on three factories namely Factory A, Factory B, and Factory C, this study analyzes product diversification, capacity, capital investment, supply chain dynamics, and manufacturing operations. A qualitative approach with semi-structured interviews with industry practitioners from the case factories was employed. Data from purchasing orders, production reports, inventory reports, and monthly invoices were analyzed. The factories manufactured a range of sustainable products, emphasizing floor mats, ladies’ handbags, and bedding items (pillow covers). The analysis revealed that each factory achieved a 30–40% profit margin on their monthly sales. Notably, approximately 95% of the remnant fabric was recycled in the production process, with merely 5% being discarded and resold for further use. These findings indicate local employment opportunities and substantial contributions to socio-economic advancement. This study recommends adopting a circular economy model to generate new business opportunities and income streams from remnant fabric. It encourages new financial investment and technical innovations to promote growth in this sector and benefit wider stakeholders.
Children’s Visualization and Collaboration in a STEM Makerspace: Opportunities for Fostering Sustainability Awareness
Authors: Kim Mijung , Markle Josh , Jin Qingna , Akdemir Kadriye
Published: February 2025

With growing concerns about climate change and environmental degradation, students’ understanding of sustainability and climate change has become an increasingly prominent topic in science curricula. This has increased the need for learning experiences that meaningfully address these topics in the classroom. In this study, we investigated how grade 6 students explored sustainability concepts through visualization, specifically by creating 3D models of a sustainable place in a STEM makerspace classroom. By analyzing students’ visualization and their collaborative problem solving, we examined how students conceptualize and navigate diverse perspectives related to sustainability. Our findings indicate that visualization supported students’ epistemic agency and engagement with sustainability concepts. In their 3D models, students highlighted the importance of greenery, renewable energy, local food sources, low-emission transportation, and waste management. They displayed diverse problem-solving approaches when encountering differing ideas in group work. and the visualization activities provided opportunities for students to reason, understand, and negotiate ideas on sustainability and climate change.
Mechanical Properties of PVC/TPU Blends Enhanced with a Sustainable Bio-Plasticizer
Authors: Minale Yitbarek Firew , Gajdoš Ivan , Štefčák Pavol , Szabó Tamás , Polyákné Kovács Annamaria , Ádámné Major Andrea , Marossy Kálmán
Published: February 2025

The development of sustainable and mechanically versatile polymeric materials is essential to meet the growing demand for eco-friendly, high-performance products. This study investigates the mechanical properties of blends comprising polyvinyl chloride (PVC), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), and glycerol diacetate monolaurate, a bio-based plasticizer derived from waste cooking oil, addressing the underexplored combined effects of these components. By varying the proportions, the blends’ tensile strength, elasticity, elongation at break, and hardness were tailored for diverse applications. Incorporating the bio-plasticizer significantly enhanced the PVC’s flexibility and elongation at break, while reducing its tensile strength and rigidity. The addition of TPU further enhanced the elasticity, toughness, and resilience, with the final properties governed by synergistic interactions between PVC’s rigidity, TPU’s elasticity, and the plasticizer’s softening effects. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) confirmed that the bio-plasticizer enhanced the compatibility between the PVC and TPU, leading to ternary PVC/TPU/bio-plasticizer blends with an improved elasticity and elongation at break, without a significant loss in tensile strength. These blends exhibited a broad range of tunable properties, enabling applications from flexible films to impact-resistant components. Overall, these findings highlight the potential of PVC/TPU/bio-plasticizer systems to deliver high-performance materials with enhanced sustainability. This work offers valuable insights for developing greener polymer systems and advancing the creation of tailored materials for diverse industrial applications in alignment with global sustainability goals.
Optimal Delay Product Differentiation System Under the Cap-and-Trade Environment
Authors: Xiong Shouyao , Yang Liu
Published: February 2025

Delayed product differentiation (DD) is a two-stage hybrid system that meets the dual demands of multiple product types and fast response times. This paper studies the optimal production planning problem for DD systems under a cap-and-trade environment. We establish a model to minimize the total cost of storage, late delivery penalties, and emission quota trading and make optimal decisions on inventory levels, emission trading quantities, and types of emission trading. Data analyses show that the introduction of carbon cap-and-trade policies can effectively optimize the optimal inventory of the DD system. The loading in the MTS and MTO stages has an asymmetric impact on the cost and emission advantages of DD. Under carbon cap-and-trade policies, DD is more available than a pure MTS system.
Assessment of Cultural and Contextual Factors in Trauma-Informed Interventions for Internally Displaced People in Ethiopia: A Community-Based Participatory Action Research
Authors: Zeleke Waganesh A. , Dagnew Mengistu , Wondie Yemataw , Hailu Tewodros , Holmes Courtney , Mekonen Mekdes Melesse , Eshete Birtukan Taye , Nenko Goshu
Published: February 2025

Background: Internal displacement is a global crisis, with Ethiopia being among the most affected countries due to conflict, violence, and natural disasters. Internally displaced people (IDPs) face multifaceted trauma at the individual, family, and community levels, exacerbating mental health issues such as PTSD and depression. Despite ongoing interventions, many programs lack cultural and contextual adaptations that are suited to Ethiopia’s diverse communities. Aims: This study aimed to explore the cultural and contextual factors influencing trauma-informed interventions for IDPs in Ethiopia and develop a framework for culturally responsive mental health support. Methods: Utilizing Community-Based Participatory Action Research (CBPAR) and interpretative phenomenological research design, data were collected from 42 stakeholders through Focus Group Discussions and in-depth individual interviews, and subsequently analyzed using thematic analysis to identify patterns and themes. Results: Key findings highlighted the ongoing trauma faced by IDPs, the importance of demographic characteristics (e.g., gender and education), and the role of cultural stereotypes in shaping trauma perceptions. Traditional community rituals such as coffee ceremonies have been identified as vital for healing. Effective interventions require cultural alignment, respect for religious values, and integration into community activities. Conclusions: This study underscores the need for culturally and contextually responsive trauma-informed intervention. Incorporating community rituals and engaging local leaders enhances intervention acceptance and effectiveness. The findings provide a framework to address mental health needs while fostering resilience among internally displaced Ethiopian populations.
Whole-Genome Analysis of G2P[4] Rotavirus Strains in China in 2022 and Comparison of Their Antigenic Epitopes with Vaccine Strains
Authors: Che Ruyi , Fan Jiaxin , Xiong Guangping , Kong Lingshan , Dong Mengjie , Li Yi , Wang Peng , Fu Jianguang , Sun Zhenlu , Liu Song , Li Caixia , Feng Xuan , Sun Xiaoman , Li Dandi , Duan Zhaojun
Published: February 2025

Group A rotavirus (RVA) is the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis in infants and young children worldwide. To elucidate the molecular epidemiology of G2P[4] rotavirus in China and the protective effects of vaccines, whole-genome analysis of 13 G2P[4] RVA strains collected from China in 2022 was performed. Twelve strains possessed the archetypal DS-1-like genome constellation G2-P[4]-I2-R2-C2-M2-A2-N2-T2-E2-H2. Only GS2265 possessed the genome constellation G2-P[4]-12-R2-C2-M2-A2-N2-T2-E1-H2. With the exception of the NSP4 segment of GS2265, all other sequences of the 13 G2P[4] RVA strains clustered within the same lineage on phylogenetic analysis. However, QD2210 and SX2205 were grouped into different branches compared to the other strains. In the VP7 antigenic epitopes, four residues differed from the RotaTeq G2 strain; specifically, A87T and D96N in the 7-1a region and S213D and S242N in the 7-1b region. Comparison of the current G2P[4] RVA strains circulating in China with those circulating globally revealed a high degree of sequence identity. High genetic variability among the newly characterized G2P[4] RVA strains suggest the strains evolve fast. Finally, our data suggest that the multivalent RotaTeq vaccine could have provided better protection than the monovalent Rotarix and LLR.
HPV Vaccine Communication and Administration for the Prevention of Oropharyngeal Cancer in Dental Primary Care: Perspectives of Professionals and Students—A Systematic Review
Authors: Chan Kenneth Sik-Kwan , Mak Tin-Shun Titan , Yu Ollie Yiru , Lee Victor Ho-Fun , Chu Chun-Hung , Chan Siu-Chee Sophia , Choi Horace Cheuk-Wai
Published: February 2025

Background/Objectives: The rising prevalence of HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) presents a significant concern, prompting dental professionals to play an increasingly vital role in HPV vaccination and prevention within primary healthcare. This study aimed to assess the current knowledge, attitudes, and practices of dental professionals and students regarding HPV, the HPV-OPC association, and HPV vaccine communication and administration in dental settings to pinpoint areas for improvement and develop targeted interventions. Methods: This study involved a literature search in PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus for research outputs published from 1 January 2006 to 31 December 2024. Eligible studies examined the knowledge, perceptions, and behaviors of dental professionals and students regarding HPV and HPV-OPC. The Risk of Bias Tool was used to evaluate the bias risk in all included studies Results: Forty-two studies with a low bias risk were analyzed. While general HPV knowledge was evident in both dental practitioners and students, deficiencies in understanding HPV-OPC and vaccination were identified. Only 9% of dental practitioners discussed HPV vaccination, but future students showed greater willingness (40–80%) to engage in these discussions. Among dental professionals, common barriers included discomfort and a lack of confidence in discussing HPV vaccination. Attitudes towards administering the HPV vaccine varied between dental practitioners and students, with an interest in training programs for readiness. Liability concerns were highlighted as a significant barrier for both groups, impacting their confidence in vaccine administration. Conclusions: The findings highlight the need for strategies and areas to enhance knowledge and confidence in discussing HPV vaccines in dental primary healthcare settings, offering valuable insights for researchers and policymakers to plan programs that enhance the readiness of dental professionals to administer HPV vaccines.
Three-Dimensional Finite Element Modeling of Thermal Stratification in the Riba-Roja Reservoir Confluence: A Fluid–Thermal Multiphysics Approach
Authors: Dehghan-Souraki Danial , Goñi Uxue Chasco , Martínez Rubén Zorrilla , Bladé i Castellet Ernest , Larese Antonia
Published: February 2025

This study presents a numerical investigation of the hydrodynamic and thermal interactions at the confluence of the Ebro and Segre Rivers in the Riba-roja Reservoir, using the Finite Element Method (FEM) within the Kratos Multiphysics framework. The coupled Navier–Stokes and energy equations were solved, employing the variational multi-scale (VMS) method for stabilization. Field data from thermal imaging and in situ measurements in March and October 2011 were used for model validation. The results revealed complex mixing and stratification dynamics influenced by regulated and unregulated flows, seasonal temperature variations, and reservoir geometry. Despite some discrepancies in temperature predictions due to the decoupled energy equation, the model effectively captured the system’s thermal behavior. This work represents a first step toward incorporating a fully coupled energy equation and exploring the effects of thermal mixing and stratification on suspended sediment transport. This study enhances understanding of fluid–thermal interactions in reservoir systems, with implications for water quality management and ecological conservation.
Lietuvos didysis kunigaikštis Vytautas – žvejys prie Juodosios jūros 1427 m.
Authors: Baronas Darius
Published: February 2025

The title of this article is taken from a somewhat unusual image of the ruler as fisherman. It comes from a summary of the now lost letter from Grand Duke Vytautas of Lithuania (1392–1430) to Paul von Rusdorf, Grand Master of the Teutonic Order (1422–1441). The letter accompanied a batch of sturgeon sent to Marienburg as a gift to the grand master and other officersof the Teutonic Order. The grand duke emphasised that this was fish he had caught himself in the Dniester estuary. Given that this piece of evidence has received little attention so far, this article will: 1. present the manuscript containing the document; 2. date the document; 3. analyse its contents; 4. consider what political purposes Vytautas might have been pursuing at the time; 5. examine what, if any, insights this information could give to a more general picture of Vytautas’ political activities in the last decade of his rule; 6. offer a critical edition of the summary of the letter.
Iš Katalikų ir Stačiatikių bažnyčių tarpusavio santykių Lietuvos Didžiojoje Kunigaikštystėje istorijos: XVI a. dokumentai, liudijantys Vitebsko klebonų ir nuolatinių vikarų ginčus su Polocko arkivyskupijos bažnytiniais pareigūnais ir jų tarnais
Authors: Jurkevičius Andrius
Published: February 2025

In the 16th century, Orthodox believers predominated in the Ruthenian regions of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, yet in addition to the organisational structure of the Orthodox Church there was also the Catholic Church structure. This article seeks to investigate how the officials of these two Churches coexisted in the Ruthenian lands of Polotsk and Vitebsk in the 16th century. In the Appendix, which is at the end of the article, five documents are published that are kept in the Manuscripts Department of the Wroblewski Library of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences that considerably contribute to existing knowledge about the researched topic.
Військова мобілізація та оподаткування під час війни з московитами відповідно до ухвали Городенського вального сейму Великого Князівства Литовського 1566–1567 рр. Улисті великокняжої канцелярії до Жидичинського архімандрита на Волині
Authors: Poliščuk Volodymyr
Published: February 2025

The article analyses a letter from the Grand Duchy Chancellery of Sigismund Augustus to the archimandrite of Zhydychyn in Volyn, father Jonah, dated February 20, 1567, which is published in the appendix. The document is a piece of administrative documentation on behalf of the sovereign of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, informing about the decision of the Goroden General Diet on mobilization of the armed forces and taxation in the Livonian War with the Muscovites (1558–1583).
WATER REGIME OF WOODY PLANT CELLS IN DIFFERENT GROWTH CONDITIONS
Authors: Hryhorchuk I. , Optasyuk O. , Lyubinska L.
Published: February 2025

The water regime of woody plant cells in the urban ecosystem of Kamianets-Podilskyi was analyzed. It was found that anthropogenic factors cause significant structural and functional changes in plants, affecting all levels of their organisation. Soil pollution by man-made substances changes their properties, in particular the ability to accumulate and retain reserves of productive moisture.This leads to water shortages in urban plants, which disrupts the water balance of cells. The study was conducted in different ecological and phytocoenotic zones (EPZ). The relative water content, water-reducing and water-retaining capacity of leaf cells and their drought resistance coefficient were studied.The objects of the research were Acer platanoides L., Acer campestre L., Acer pseudoplatanus L., Betula pendula Roth, Aesculus hippocastanum L. and Tilia cordata Mill. It was found that the water regime of cells depends on both the species specificity and the growth conditions. In the areas with high traffic intensity, an increase in the relative water content in the leaf cells of T. cordata and A. pseudoplatanus and its decrease in A. hippocastanum were shown. A decrease in the water recovery coefficient of cells in all studied species and an increase in the water retention coefficient in A. hippocastanum, A. campestre, A. pseudoplatanus and B. pendula were also found. Deterioration of water supply conditions led to a decrease in the drought resistance coefficient. It was concluded that according to water exchange indicators, the most resistant in the conditions of street plantings of Kamianets-Podilskyi are A. platanoides, A. campestre and T. cordata, while A. hippocastanum has a low level of adaptation. We recommend using these species for creating park compositions and landscaping city streets.
HISTORICAL ASPECTS OF RESEARCH ON SPECIES OF THE GENUS HERACLEUM L. IN THE TERRITORY OF UKRAINE
Authors: Korsun O.
Published: February 2025

The historical aspects of research on species of the genus Heracleum L. (Apiaceae), particularly Heracleum mantegazzianum Sommier & Levier and Heracleum sosnowskyi Manden, in the flora of Ukraine are considered. Special attention is given to the analysis of literary sources covering the period from the 18th century to the present, as well as to the issues of invasion of these species in Ukraine and globally. The morphological, ecological, geographical, and molecular-genetic characteristics of the species, as well as problems of their taxonomy, are highlighted.It has been established that H. mantegazzianum and H. sosnowskyi species demonstrate high invasive capacity due to their ecological plasticity, adaptive strategies and ability for active spread. The necessity of further research aimed at improving identification methods, developing effective measures of invasion control and monitoring of populations at different levels is outlined.
SOZOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE VEGETATION COVER OF THE KHOROL RIVER VALLEY
Authors: Sahaidak V. , Homlia L. , Dyachenko-Bohun M. , Pererva V. , Kononenko D.
Published: February 2025

The paper presents a comprehensive study of the floristic diversity of the Khorol River Valley, with an emphasis on rare and endangered plant species of important sozological significance. The species composition of the vegetation cover was analysed and the rare fraction of the flora, which includes 103 species of higher vascular plants, was determined. Among them, 2 species are included in the European Red List, and 14 species are included in the Red Book of Ukraine. The dominant families were identified and species rarity categories were determined. The main threats to the populations of individual species, which negatively affect their numbers and distribution, are presented.The results of the study emphasize the importance of preserving the biodiversity of the Khorol River Valley as a unique natural area and the need to develop scientifically based recommendations for the protection of phytocoenoses. Particular attention is paid to the need to introduce systematic monitoring of the state of populations of the found species and their environment in order to take timely measures to ensure the sustainable conservation of natural complexes.
Про актуальні теоретико-прикладні проблеми, що стосуються запобігання та протидії протиправному прийняттю пропозиції, обіцянки або одержання неправомірної вигоди службовою особою в умовах воєнного стану
Authors: Пушкар О. А.
Published: February 2025

У науковій статті, на підставі отриманих результатів проведеного аналізу кримінальних проваджень, пов’язаних з прийняттям пропозиції, обіцянки або одержання неправомірної вигоди службовою особою в умовах воєнного стану в Україні (2022-2024 р. р.), визначено конкретні практичні проблеми, що виникають у правозастосовній діяльності, та доведена необхідність активізації у зв’язку з цим наукових досліджень з означеного питання.
Зокрема, встановлено, що, не дивлячись на заходи кримінально-правового, запобіжного, правозастосовного та іншого характеру, які останнім часом приймаються в нашій державі, включаючи й ті, що пов’язані з ратифікацією нею Кримінальної конвенції про боротьбу з корупцією, сучасний стан протидії зазначеному суспільно-небезпечному явищу не відповідає вимогам сталого розвитку України, а також її євроінтеграційним та північно-атлантичним намірам, виступаючи таким чином однією з перешкод вступу нашої країни у Європейський Союз і НАТО. При цьому в умовах, коли активізовані наукові пошуки з означених напрямів, поза увагою учених досі залишаються актуальні теоретико-прикладні проблеми, які стосуються кримінально карної діяльності, пов’язаної з прийняттям пропозиції, обіцянки або одержанням неправомірної вигоди службовою особою.
Виходячи з цього, доведена необхідність на всіх рівнях (законодавчому, правоохоронному, правозастосовному, т. ін.) підвищити ефективність діяльності відповідних суб’єктів, а також забезпечити з даного приводу якісний доктринальний супровід.
У цьому сенсі акцентована увага на таких проблемних питаннях, які мають стати предметом наукових досліджень, як: відмежування зазначеного складу кримінального правопорушення від суміжних; конкретизація поняття «неправомірна вигода»; оцінки допустимості отриманих у зв’язку з цим доказів, т. ін.
“retorno” da religião no Brasil e a espiritualidade pós-metafísica a partir da perspectiva de Gianni Vattimo
Authors: Pereira da Silva Freitas Lucas Pereira da Silva Freitas , Kirchner Prof. Renato
Published: February 2025

Este artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre a interação entre política, religião e sociedade no contexto brasileiro, tomando como base a perspectiva pós-metafísica e de secularização do filósofo italiano Gianni Vattimo. Por meio de sua abordagem e hermenêutica, almejamos compreender o impacto da secularização na dinâmica religiosa e suas consequências, especialmente em sua relação com o cenário político marcado pela polarização, que, por vezes, propicia aberturas para manifestações de violência. Exploraremos, também, como a espiritualidade pós-metafísica, segundo Vattimo, pode fornecer insights valiosos para a interpretação do futuro da religião e suas interações com a sociedade e o Estado. Este estudo fundamenta-se nas obras-chave do filósofo e em contribuições relevantes de comentadores, adotando uma abordagem metodológica que privilegia a interpretação qualitativa e hermenêutica. A revisão bibliográfica abrangerá uma análise crítica das principais obras de Vattimo, contextualizando suas ideias dentro do panorama sociopolítico brasileiro. O objetivo é oferecer uma análise aprofundada e contextualmente enraizada, promovendo uma compreensão mais abrangente das complexas interações entre política, diversidade religiosa e narrativas de violência e bioética no Brasil contemporâneo.
A newly identified Brazilian painting by Robert Dampier
Authors: J. Wilkes Robert
Published: February 2025

This article presents a newly discovered oil painting by the little-known British artist Robert Dampier (1800–74), depicting the Sugarloaf Mountain with two enslaved men in Rio de Janeiro, painted in the mid-1820s. The painting, in the Museu de Arte de São Paulo (MASP), was previously at tributed to Henry Chamberlain and Nicolas-Antoine Taunay, but the evidence for its really being by Dampier is affirmed using primary sources (including original drawings by Dampier in his descendants’ ownership) and visual com parison with the artist’s other known works. A second painting in the Geyer collection in Rio is also attributed to Dampier for the first time. With the attri bution to Dampier confirmed, the MASP picture is compared with other works by the British travelling artists. Lastly, with the artist’s clear interest in the tro pical landscape in mind, the article considers the importance of landscape in his best-known works, four portraits painted in Hawaii in 1825.
Da Baia de Cavalo ao lugar de objeto de estudo: considerações sobre o álbum fotográfico de George Chalmers
Authors: Caetano Renata Oliveira , Leite Fernando Antônio Cardoso
Published: February 2025

O presente artigo versa sobre um álbum fotográfico que pertenceu ao minerador e empreendedor inglês George Chalmers. Temos como objetivo realizar uma apresentação descritiva do material, apontando suas principais características e possíveis narrativas por ele engendradas. Utilizamos como abordagem metodológica, a análise de imagens por comparação, cruzando dados da vida do inglês com as fotografias. Ao final, temos como resultado o aprofundamento da materialidade do álbum buscando romper o silêncio que se impõe sobre as imagens depois que seus donos não se encontram mais entre nós, nos deixando sem pistas sobre os critérios de seleção e organização de tal objeto. Concluímos, no entanto, que ele ainda suscita mais perguntas do que respostas e demanda estudo para adquirir mais camadas interpretativas.
Outros lugares: William Beckford, Portugal e as Artes
Authors: Kühl Paulo M.
Published: February 2025

William Beckford é tradicionalmente associado a seus livros as sim como à sua personalidade exuberante. A proposta deste ensaio é discutir alguns cuidados necessários para lidarmos com seus escritos, em particular aqueles relacionados à cultura portuguesa no final do século XVIII.
Os ofícios mecânicos da madeira nos séculos XVIII e XIX, no contexto luso-brasileiro: a partir do estudo dos artífices, oficinas e matérias-primas
Authors: Rodrigues Isabela Torres
Published: February 2025

Este artigo aborda os ofícios da madeira em Portugal e no Brasil entre os séculos XVIII e XIX por meio de quatro referências bibliográficas específicas, apresentando o que significava ser artífice, o que eram as oficinas e quais matérias primas eram selecionadas para a produção dos artefatos em madeira. As quatro fontes primárias escritas utilizadas foram: o Volume 7 da Enciclopédia de Jean le Rond d’Alembert e Denis Diderot (1751-1772); o Dicionário português e latino de Rafael Bluteau (1712-1728); o Guia do Carpinteiro e do Marceneiro de Pioche de 1846, e o livro O Vignola Brazileiro de César de Rainville, de 1880. Pretende-se contribuir para o conhecimento sobre determinados fatores em torno da produção de artefatos em madeira no período áureo da produção artesanal e seu ocaso nas transformações que levaram à Revolução Industrial.
Populationsutveckling hos kentsk tärna Thalasseus sandvicensis i Sverige 2007–2023
Authors: Olofsson Patrik , Larsson Kjell , Daleke Thomas , Flodin Lars-Åke , Kristersson Mikael , Larsson Mikael , Larsson Rolf , Olofsson Gösta
Published: February 2025

The breeding grounds of the North Atlantic population of Sandwich Tern Thalasseus sandvicensis range along the coasts of western Europe and in the Baltic Sea: predominantly in the Netherlands, UK, France, Germany, and Denmark, with a smaller fraction of the population breeding in southern Sweden. This population has fluctuated strongly in size in recent decades due to human activities, pollution, changing availability of food, and outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza. To evaluate whether management actions to further protect the species are needed in Sweden, better knowledge about the recent development of the breeding population is required. We found that the total number of breeding pairs in Sweden between 2007 and 2014 fluctuated between c. 390 and c. 570 pairs. Later, the number increased markedly from c. 630 pairs in 2015 to c. 1,830 pairs in 2021. In 2022 and 2023, the number decreased partly due to avian influenza outbreaks and c. 1,540 pairs bred in 2023. Most pairs bred in the provinces of Blekinge, Gotland, and Skåne. The four largest colonies hosted c. 55% of the cumulative number of breeding pairs between 2007 and 2023. This aggregated distribution makes the species vulnerable to various threats.