bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterizing the neuroimmune environment of offspring in a novel model of maternal allergic asthma and particulate matter exposure
Authors: Tamayo Juan M. , Osman Hadley C. , Schwartzer Jared J. , Pinkerton Kent E. , Ashwood Paul
Published: November 2023

Inflammation during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk for neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD). Increased gestational inflammation can be a result of an immune condition/disease, exposure to infection, and/or environmental factors. Epidemiology studies suggest that cases of NDD are on the rise. Similarly, rates of asthma are increasing, and the presence of maternal asthma during pregnancy increases the likelihood of a child being later diagnosed with NDD such as autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Particulate matter (PM), via air pollution, is an environmental factor known to worsen the symptoms of asthma, but also, PM has been associated with increased risk of neuropsychiatric disorders. Despite the links between asthma and PM with neuropsychiatric disorders, there is a lack of laboratory models investigating combined prenatal exposure to asthma and PM on offspring neurodevelopment. Thus, we developed a novel mouse model that combines exposure to maternal allergic asthma (MAA) and ultrafine iron-soot (UIS), a common component of PM. In the current study, female BALB/c mice were sensitized for allergic asthma with ovalbumin (OVA) prior to pregnancy. Following mating and beginning on gestational day 2 (GD2), dams were exposed to either aerosolized OVA to induce allergic asthma or phosphate buffered saline (PBS) for 1 h. Following the 1-h exposure, pregnant females were then exposed to UIS with a size distribution of 55 to 169 nm at an average concentration of 176 ± 45 μg/m3) (SD), or clean air for 4 h, over 8 exposure sessions. Offspring brains were collected at postnatal days (P)15 and (P)35. Cortices and hippocampal regions were then isolated and assessed for changes in cytokines using a Luminex bead-based multiplex assay. Analyses identified changes in many cytokines across treatment groups at both timepoints in the cortex, including interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and IL-17, which remained elevated from P15 to P35 in all treatment conditions compared to controls. There was a suppressive effect of the combined MAA plus UIS on the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Potentially shifting the cytokine balance towards more neuroinflammation. In the hippocampus at P15, elevations in cytokines were also identified across the treatment groups, namely IL-7. The combination of MAA and UIS exposure (MAA–UIS) during pregnancy resulted in an increase in microglia density in the hippocampus of offspring, as identified by IBA-1 staining. Together, these data indicate that exposure to MAA, UIS, and MAA–UIS result in changes in the neuroimmune environment of offspring that persist into adulthood.
High glucose enhances the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome by ambient fine particulate matter in alveolar macrophages
Authors: Mo Yiqun , Mo Luke , Zhang Yue , Zhang Yuanbao , Yuan Jiali , Zhang Qunwei
Published: November 2023

Background

Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that individuals with preexisting conditions, including diabetes mellitus (DM), are more susceptible to air pollution. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we proposed that a high glucose setting enhances ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5)-induced macrophage activation and secretion of the proinflammatory cytokine, IL-1β, through activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, altering the balance between matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs).

Results

Exposure of mouse alveolar macrophages to non-cytotoxic doses of PM2.5 led to upregulation of IL-1β, activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, increased nuclear translocation of the transcription factor NF-κB, increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and increased expression and enzymatic activity of MMP-9; these effects were enhanced when cells were pretreated with high glucose. However, pretreatment in a high glucose setting alone did not induce significant changes. ROS generation following PM2.5 exposure was abolished when cells were pretreated with ROS scavengers such as Trolox and superoxide dismutase (SOD), or with an NADPH oxidase inhibitor, DPI. Pretreatment of cells with DPI attenuated the effects of a high glucose setting on PM2.5-induced upregulation of IL-1β, activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, and nuclear translocation of NF-κB. In addition, enhancement of PM2.5-induced expression and enzymatic activity of MMP-9 following high glucose pretreatment was not observed in primary alveolar macrophages obtained from NLRP3 or IL-1R1 knockout (KO) mice, where pro-IL-1β cannot be cleaved to IL-1β or cells are insensitive to IL-1β, respectively.

Conclusions

This study demonstrated that exposure of mouse alveolar macrophages to PM2.5 in a high glucose setting enhanced PM2.5-induced production of IL-1β through activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and nuclear translocation of NF-κB due to PM2.5-induced oxidative stress, leading to MMP-9 upregulation. The key role of NADPH oxidase in PM2.5-induced ROS generation and activation of the IL-1β secretion pathway and the importance of IL-1β secretion and signaling in PM2.5-induced increases in MMP-9 enzymatic activity were also demonstrated. This study provides a further understanding of the potential mechanisms underlying the susceptibility of individuals with DM to air pollution and suggests potential therapeutic targets.
Academic history, domains and distribution of the hot-cold system in Mexico
Authors: García-Hernández Karina Yaredi , Vargas-Guadarrama Luis Alberto , Vibrans Heike
Published: November 2023

Background

The hot–cold classification system for things and concepts is widely used by many human groups in Mexico. We conducted a comprehensive review to understand the history, themes, and distribution of this system.

Methods

We analyzed publications based on field work in Mexico, considering publication date, research approach, study depth, and conceptual domains. We identified the ethnic groups that use the system and the places where they live. A map illustrates the geographic and cultural distribution of the system.

Results

The hot–cold system has been documented in 101 academic publications spanning almost a century, particularly for traditional medicine and food. Initially dominated by anthropological studies, ethnobotanists have increasingly contributed to the research. The hot–cold system is utilized by at least 56 indigenous ethnic groups (81% of the total) and mestizos (whose primary or sole language is Spanish) across most of Mexico.

Discussion

Anthropologists laid the foundation for understanding the hot–cold system, on which current ethnobotany builds. However, there are still knowledge gaps, for example on some domains (human beings, landscape) and on patterns by regions or linguistic families. The geographic and cultural distribution presented here is approximate, as group ethnicity is imprecise.

Conclusions

The hot–cold system is widely applied in Mexico, although some variations exist. Further exploration of understudied domains, and variations between ethnic groups and regions, would contribute to a comprehensive explanation of this interconnected worldview.
IL-6 induces periostin production in human ACL remnants: a possible mechanism causing post-traumatic osteoarthritis
Authors: Tseng Tzu-Hao , Chen Chien-Lin , Chang Chung-Hsun , Wang Jyh-Horng , Young Tai-Horng
Published: November 2023

Objective

Perostin (POSTN) and IL-6 consistently elevated after ACL injury, and ACL has been proposed as the major source of POSTN. However, there is a lack of evidence whether IL-6 induces ACL remnants to produce POSTN. This study aimed to investigate the effect of IL-6 on POSTN production in ACL fibroblasts, which may help us understand more about the mechanism of PTOA after ACL injury and ACL reconstruction.

Methods

ACL remnants were harvested from 27 patients undergoing ACL reconstruction. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to examine the POSTN gene expression of ACL fibroblasts after treatment of different concentrations of IL-6. The POSTN protein production of ACL fibroblasts was determined using western blot analysis. The blockers of possible signaling pathways, including PI3K/Akt, Ras/MAPK, and JAK/STAT pathways, were added to test whether the effect of IL-6 on ACL fibroblast could be attenuated. ACL fibroblast and chondrocyte co-culture was carried out to determine the influence of ACL and IL-6 on chondrocytes.

Results

Quantitative real-time PCR showed that IL-6 time-dependently and dose-dependently increased POSTN gene expression of ACL fibroblast. Western blot analysis also revealed that IL-6 dose-dependently induced POSTN protein production. Regarding the chronicity of ACL injury, the POSTN protein production was comparable between ACL remnants which were derived within 3 months of injury and at least 6 months after injury. PI3K/Akt blockers could attenuate the effect of IL-6 on ACL remnants, whereas Ras/MAPK and JAK/STAT did not decrease POSTN production. The coexistence of ACL and IL-6 induced more MMP-13 and ADAMTS-4 by chondrocytes.

Conclusions

IL-6 induced ACL remnants to produce POSTN. This effect could be attenuated by the PI3K/Akt blocker. Coexistence of IL-6 and ACL remnants may accelerate post-traumatic arthritis.
Prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) for treatment of trauma-induced coagulopathy: systematic review and meta-analyses
Authors: Hannadjas Ioannis , James Arthur , Davenport Ross , Lindsay Charlotte , Brohi Karim , Cole Elaine
Published: November 2023

Background

Trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC) is common in trauma patients with major hemorrhage. Prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) is used as a potential treatment for the correction of TIC, but the efficacy, timing, and evidence to support its use in injured patients with hemorrhage are unclear.

Methods

A systematic search of published studies was performed on MEDLINE and EMBASE databases using standardized search equations. Ongoing studies were identified using clinicaltrials.gov. Studies investigating the use of PCC to treat TIC (on its own or in combination with other treatments) in adult major trauma patients were included. Studies involving pediatric patients, studies of only traumatic brain injury (TBI), and studies involving only anticoagulated patients were excluded. Primary outcomes were in-hospital mortality and venous thromboembolism (VTE). Pooled effects of PCC use were reported using random-effects model meta-analyses. Risk of bias was assessed for each study, and we used the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation to assess the quality of evidence.

Results

After removing duplicates, 1745 reports were screened and nine observational studies and one randomized controlled trial (RCT) were included, with a total of 1150 patients receiving PCC. Most studies used 4-factor-PCC with a dose of 20–30U/Kg. Among observational studies, co-interventions included whole blood (n = 1), fibrinogen concentrate (n = 2), or fresh frozen plasma (n = 4). Outcomes were inconsistently reported across studies with wide variation in both measurements and time points. The eight observational studies included reported mortality with a pooled odds ratio of 0.97 [95% CI 0.56–1.69], and five reported deep venous thrombosis (DVT) with a pooled OR of 0.83 [95% CI 0.44–1.57]. When pooling the observational studies and the RCT, the OR for mortality and DVT was 0.94 [95% CI 0.60–1.45] and 1.00 [95% CI 0.64–1.55] respectively.

Conclusions

Among published studies of TIC, PCCs did not significantly reduce mortality, nor did they increase the risk of VTE. However, the potential thrombotic risk remains a concern that should be addressed in future studies. Several RCTs are currently ongoing to further explore the efficacy and safety of PCC.
Are strategy developers well equipped when designing sustainable supply chains for a circular bio-economy? Supporting innovations’ market uptake in a PESTEL + I environment
Authors: Blümel Linda , Siegfried Konrad , Riedel Fabian , Thrän Daniela
Published: November 2023

Background

Innovations and new supply chain concepts are crucial for establishing a sustainable and circular bio-economy that reduces carbon emissions and lowers negative environmental impacts. PESTEL-based concept development provides information about positive, negative and neutral external factors of the macro-environment and their influence on supply chains. The primary data were collected at a stakeholder workshop and gaps in understanding the critical details were closed through expert interviews. The information gathered was organised using a data management software and coded by following a deductively formed system based on predefined PESTEL categories (political, economic, social, technological, ecological, legal). Stakeholders that used the method on intermediate carbon carriers (ICC) grappled with identifying the obstacles that hinder the market uptake of innovations. The workshop revealed a substantial demand for additional information. Infrastructural aspects were considered key to adequately understanding all of the segments along a supply chain. Using PESTEL alone, without taking infrastructural aspects into consideration, meant that the macro-environment that surrounds and affects the ICC supply chain remained a black box. This paper developed docking-related approaches to the basic PESTEL method in order to improve its output for the development of strategic concepts and to improve the market uptake of bio-economy-centred innovations.

Results

The expanded PESTEL method (hereinafter PESTEL + I) significantly shifted the emphasis of strategic decisions to the marketing of individual innovations compared to the basic method. Docking information gathering onto infrastructure (+ I) should be considered in order to expand existing strategy development concepts for bio-economy value chains. Testing the market uptake of innovations was beyond the scope of this study.

Conclusions

PESTEL + I not only increased the utility, but also the complexity and the time needed to analyse an entire supply chain. The expanded method, however, provides stakeholders and strategy developers with a more useful tool to support and optimise market uptake strategies in the bio-economy. Beyond this, there is a knowledge gap with regard to reducing the effort needed to collect data and evaluate such studies. Hence, follow-up research needs to find ways to digitalise major steps in the overall process to make it more efficient.
Vitamin D and hypophosphatemia in patients with anorexia nervosa and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder: a case control study
Authors: Kells Meredith R. , Roske Chloe , Watters Ashlie , Puckett Leah , Wildes Jennifer E. , Crow Scott J. , Mehler Philip S.
Published: November 2023

Background

Refeeding hypophosphatemia (RH) is a common complication of nutritional restoration in malnourished individuals, yet clear risk stratification remains elusive. Individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) may be deficient in vitamin D, an important component of dietary phosphorus absorption in the gut. The relationship between vitamin D and RH in AN and ARFID is unknown. Therefore, the aims of this study were to (1) report rates of low serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D and RH in AN and ARFID; (2) describe associations between phosphorus and variables associated with RH identified in extant literature; (3) examine the relationship between 25-hydroxy vitamin D and RH and (4) investigate moderation by vitamin D between variables of interest and phosphorus level.

Method

Analyses included retrospective chart review of 307 individuals admitted to the ACUTE Center for Eating Disorders and Severe Malnutrition with a diagnosis of AN or ARFID. Variables of interest included admission laboratory values (vitamin D level, comprehensive metabolic panel, hemoglobin, point-of-care blood glucose), anthropometric measures (weight, body mass index [BMI], % ideal body weight [IBW]), age, duration of illness, length of stay, feeding method, and serum phosphorus nadir. Pearson and Spearman rank correlation, one-way ANOVA, and regression analyses were used to determine the relationship between variables and serum phosphorus.

Results

Over 1/3 of the sample (35.3%) had serum phosphorus levels ≤ 2.9 mg/dL. There were no significant differences between groups in phosphorus nadir (p = .17, η2 = 0.12) or hypophosphatemia (p = .16, ϕc = 0.11). Thirty-five (35%) of individuals with ARFID were either deficient or insufficient in vitamin D, compared to 29% of individuals with AN. Individuals with AN had significantly higher mean vitamin D levels compared to those with ARFID (p = .03; η2 = 0.015). Nadir phosphorus showed a positive association with weight, BMI, %IBW, potassium, and calcium on admission, and a negative association with length of stay, hemoglobin, and total number of tube-fed days. Higher levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D moderated the relationship between serum phosphorus nadir and weight on admission (p = .0004).

Conclusion

Individuals diagnosed with ARFID are as nutritionally fragile as those with AN regarding vitamin D and RH. The negative feedback loop involving vitamin D that maintains phosphorus homeostasis may play a role in the development of RH in AN and ARFID.
Advantages and limitations of micro-computed tomography and computed tomography imaging of archaeological textiles and coffins
Authors: Lipkin Sanna , Karjalainen Ville-Pauli , Puolakka Hanna-Leena , Finnilä Mikko A. J.
Published: November 2023

We have recently studied northern Finnish archaeological textiles extensively using computed tomography (CT) imaging. These textiles have been found in inhumation burials from the Late Medieval church of Valmarinniemi in Keminmaa and the Postmedieval church of Haukipudas. In this article we discuss the advantages and limitations of CT imaging based on three case studies. Based on the research objectives and the size of studied items, we utilised three different CT scanners: clinical systems and micro- and nano-scale X-ray microscopes. We were able to visualise a child’s coffin and a doll inside, which is a larger scale sample. We were also able to study and reconstruct the complicated structure of a tablet-woven band, as well as identifying individual fibres when examining smaller textile samples with submicron resolution. Even though we observed some limitations in the image quality, we conclude that computed tomography has great potential in the research of archaeological textiles in both 3D and cross-sections and is often easier and more informative than conventional microscopic or other archaeological methodologies.
Effect of Small and Large Energy Surpluses on Strength, Muscle, and Skinfold Thickness in Resistance-Trained Individuals: A Parallel Groups Design
Authors: Helms Eric R. , Spence Alyssa-Joy , Sousa Colby , Kreiger James , Taylor Steve , Oranchuk Dustin J. , Dieter Brad P. , Watkins Casey M.
Published: November 2023

Background

Many perform resistance training (RT) to increase muscle mass and strength. Energy surpluses are advised to support such gains; however, if too large, could cause unnecessary fat gain. We randomized 21 trained lifters performing RT 3 d/wk for eight weeks into maintenance energy (MAIN), moderate (5% [MOD]), and high (15% [HIGH]) energy surplus groups to determine if skinfold thicknesses (ST), squat and bench one-repetition maximum (1-RM), or biceps brachii, triceps brachii, or quadriceps muscle thicknesses (MT) differed by group. COVID-19 reduced our sample, leaving 17 completers. Thus, in addition to Bayesian ANCOVA comparisons, we analyzed changes in body mass (BM) with ST, 1-RM, and MT changes via regression. We reported Bayes factors (BF10) indicating odds ratios of the relative likelihood of hypotheses (e.g., BF10 = 2 indicates the hypothesis is twice as likely as another) and coefficients of determination (R2) for regressions.

Results

ANCOVAs provided no evidence supporting the group model for MT or squat 1-RM. However, moderate (BF10 = 9.9) and strong evidence (BF10 = 14.5) indicated HIGH increased bench 1-RM more than MOD and MAIN, respectively. Further, there was moderate evidence (BF10 = 4.2) HIGH increased ST more than MAIN and weak evidence (BF10 = 2.4) MOD increased ST more than MAIN. Regression provided strong evidence that BM change predicts ST change (BF10 = 14.3, R2 = 0.49) and weak evidence predicting biceps brachii MT change (BF10 = 1.4, R2 = 0.24).

Conclusions

While some group-based differences were found, our larger N regression provides the most generalizable evidence. Therefore, we conclude faster rates of BM gain (and by proxy larger surpluses) primarily increase rates of fat gain rather than augmenting 1-RM or MT. However, biceps brachii, the muscle which received the greatest stimulus in this study, may have been positively impacted by greater BM gain, albeit slightly. Our findings are limited to the confines of this study, where a group of lifters with mixed training experience performed moderate volumes 3 d/wk for 8 weeks. Thus, future work is needed to evaluate the relationship between BM gains, increases in ST and RT adaptations in other contexts.
Access to formal childcare among families of newly arrived migrants from non-EU countries in France
Authors: Eremenko Tatiana , Unterreiner Anne
Published: November 2023

Labour force participation of female migrants from non-EU countries, particularly recently arrived, is lower than among other groups and more affected by the presence of children. While care responsibilities are the primary reasons for this situation—immigrant families have a lower use of formal childcare services and less possibilities to receive informal support—the respective role of structural constraints and norms and preferences in this result still raises questions. In addition, families from non-EU countries may encounter greater difficulties in accessing public services, including formal childcare. We explore the determinants of participation in early childhood education (ECEC) among families of recently arrived migrants from outside of the EU in France. We use the Longitudinal Survey on the Integration of First-Time arrivals (Elipa 2) carried out among third country nationals receiving a first residence permit in France in 2018 and focus on their small age children (0–2 years). ECEC enrolment rates are lower than in the general population, and this appears to be primarily linked to these families’ disadvantaged socio-economic position in the destination country. However, families’ distinct socio-economic and cultural resources, as well as their origin, also shape their use of public services. These results contribute to a better understanding of the specific needs and obstacles faced by these families, and identify potential areas for policy actions.
Comparative analysis of the susceptibility of Aedes aegypti and Japanese Aedes albopictus to all dengue virus serotypes
Authors: Kobayashi Daisuke , Kai Izumi , Faizah Astri Nur , Moi Meng Ling , Tajima Shigeru , Takasaki Tomohiko , Sasaki Toshinori , Isawa Haruhiko
Published: November 2023

Background

Dengue fever, caused by the dengue virus (DENV), is the most common viral infection transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes (mainly Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus) worldwide. Aedes aegypti is not currently established in Japan, and Ae. albopictus is the primary vector mosquito for DENV in the country, but knowledge of its viral susceptibility is limited. Therefore, we aimed to clarify the status of DENV susceptibility by comparing the infection and dissemination dynamics of Japanese Ae. albopictus to all known DENV serotypes with those of Ae. aegypti.

Methods

After propagation of each DENV serotype in Vero cells, the culture supernatants were mixed with defibrinated rabbit blood and adenosine triphosphate, and the mixture was artificially blood-sucked by two colonies of Ae. albopictus from Japan and one colony of Ae. aegypti from a dengue-endemic country (Vietnam). After 14 days of sucking, the mosquito body was divided into two parts (thorax/abdomen and head/wings/legs) and total RNA was extracted from each sample. DENV RNA was detected in these extracted RNA samples using a quantitative RT-PCR method specific for each DENV serotype, and infection and dissemination rates were analyzed.

Results

The Japanese Ae. albopictus colonies were susceptible to all DENV serotypes. Its infection and dissemination rates were significantly lower than those of Ae. aegypti. However, the number of DENV RNA copies in Ae. albopictus was almost not significantly different from that in Ae. aegypti. Furthermore, Japanese Ae. albopictus differed widely in their susceptibility to each DENV serotype.

Conclusions

In Japanese Ae. albopictus, once DENV overcame the midgut infection barrier, the efficiency of subsequent propagation and dissemination of the virus in the mosquito body was comparable to that of Ae. aegypti. Based on the results of this study and previous dengue outbreak trends, Ae. albopictus is predicted to be highly compatible with DENV-1, suggesting that this serotype poses a high risk for future epidemics in Japan.
Advancing Alzheimer’s care: a novel therapy with lecanemab
Authors: Teli Advait , Dhande Priti
Published: November 2023

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects the patient’s quality of life. The current regime of drugs only halts the symptoms of the disease, and the underlying pathology remains untouched; thus, there is progressive deterioration due to the intact pathology. Various drugs are being researched to address the complex neuropathology of AD. The FDA has approved lecanemab, which has shown considerable efficacy in reducing Aβ plaque, thereby addressing the pathology. Of the monoclonal antibodies being explored for AD, lecanemab has shown higher selectivity towards Aβ and better efficacy in clinical improvement. The phase III trials have demonstrated clinical improvement of mild AD upon biweekly intravenous administration of 10 mg/kg. This improvement was assessed using the primary and secondary endpoints such as Clinical Dementia Rating-Sum of Boxes (CDR-SOB), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog). Apart from the infusion-related reactions with lecanemab, it is also associated with amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA), which are uniquely seen in monoclonal antibodies for AD as it is also seen in solanezumab and aducanumab. ARIA may be dose-dependent as with lower doses, the incidence was lower, and it is associated with microhemorrhages, hemosiderosis, or edema. Monoclonal antibodies such as aducanumab, agantenerumab have shown questionable efficacy; thus, their clinical use is debatable even though aducanumab has received FDA approval. Although solanezumab met some secondary endpoints, its benefit is similar to the placebo. Currently, efficacy is only proven for monotherapy with lecanemab; therefore, neurologists may need to discontinue adjuvant treatment. Clinical improvement in women and ApoE4 carriers is also questionable; further studies are required to prove its efficacy in these groups. Various studies are being conducted to find the efficacy of drugs targeting the complex pathology of AD, such as the tau targeting E2814, E2025 and E2511 protecting the cholinergic neurons, TREM2 agonists P522R prevent the microglial dysfunction. These drugs are noteworthy as they can be the possible combination of lecanemab. Further studies are required to prove lecanemab’s efficacy in moderate-to-severe AD and its combination with other drugs.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of Surpass flow diverter for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms
Authors: Florez-Perdomo William A. , Janjua Tariq , Moscote-Salazar Luis Rafael , Shrivastava Adesh , Raj Sumit , Agrawal Amit
Published: November 2023

Objective

Systematically review and analyze the published literature on the safety and efficacy of Surpass flow diverter in terms of mortality, functional outcome, complication rate, and aneurysm occlusion rate.

Methods

The literature was searched in PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus using the terms Surpass for the treatment of Intracranial aneurysms, Intracranial aneurysms, Complication with no constraints applied. Two review authors independently conducted the study selection. Two review authors independently extracted study data. Data were pooled using a random effect model, results were abstracted as odds ratios and 95% CI, and heterogeneity was reported as I2.

Results

Five studies were included, which involved retrospectively and prospectively collected data on 464 patients. The use of Surpass flow diverter was associated with a rate of occlusion of 73.4%  (95% confidence interval [CI] 62.48–83.077%). Low rate of thromboembolic complication was 6.6% (95% CI 3.0–10.1%), the rate of hemorrhagic complication was 2.9% (95% CI 1.6–4.6%), and low vasospasm rate was 4.38% (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.8–7.7%). The mortality rate was 4.6% (95% CI 1.4–1.4%). An overall of good outcome was 86.6% (95% CI 75.9–94.5%), and poor outcome was 7.8% (95% CI 5.0–11.2%).

Conclusions

Based on the studies available in the literature, Surpass flow diverter offers high aneurysm occlusion rates with adequate safety and low rate of complications.
Using weather data in energy time series forecasting: the benefit of input data transformations
Authors: Neumann Oliver , Turowski Marian , Mikut Ralf , Hagenmeyer Veit , Ludwig Nicole
Published: November 2023

Renewable energy systems depend on the weather, and weather information, thus, plays a crucial role in forecasting time series within such renewable energy systems. However, while weather data are commonly used to improve forecast accuracy, it still has to be determined in which input shape this weather data benefits the forecasting models the most. In the present paper, we investigate how transformations for weather data inputs, i. e., station-based and grid-based weather data, influence the accuracy of energy time series forecasts. The selected weather data transformations are based on statistical features, dimensionality reduction, clustering, autoencoders, and interpolation. We evaluate the performance of these weather data transformations when forecasting three energy time series: electrical demand, solar power, and wind power. Additionally, we compare the best-performing weather data transformations for station-based and grid-based weather data. We show that transforming station-based or grid-based weather data improves the forecast accuracy compared to using the raw weather data between 3.7 and 5.2%, depending on the target energy time series, where statistical and dimensionality reduction data transformations are among the best.
Outcome analysis for patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage and vasospasm including endovascular treatment
Authors: Burth Sina , Meis Jan , Kronsteiner Dorothea , Heckhausen Helena , Zweckberger Klaus , Kieser Meinhard , Wick Wolfgang , Ulfert Christian , Möhlenbruch Markus , Ringleb Peter , Schönenberger Silvia
Published: November 2023

As a complication of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), vasospasm substantially contributes to its morbidity and mortality. We aimed at analyzing predictors of outcome for these patients including the role of endovascular treatment (ET). Our database was screened for patients with SAH treated in our Neuro-ICU from 2009 to 2019. Clinical parameters including functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale, mRS of 0–2 or 3–6 at discharge and after a median follow-up of 18 months) and details about ET were gathered on 465 patients, 241 (52%) of whom experienced vasospasm. Descriptive analyses were performed to identify explanatory variables for the dichotomized mRS score. A logistic regression model was fitted on 241 patients with vasospasm including age, Hunt and Hess Score, extraventricular drainage (EVD), forced hypertension, ET and delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI). The model found a Hunt and Hess Score of 5 (OR = 0.043, p = 0.008), requirement of EVD (OR = 0.161, p < 0.001), forced hypertension (OR = 0.242, p = 0.001), ET (OR = 0.431, p = 0.043) and DCI (OR = 0.229, p < 0.001) to be negative predictors of outcome while age was not. Use of intraarterial nimodipine alone (OR = 0.778, p = 0.705) or including balloon angioplasty (OR = 0.894, p = 0.902) and number of ETs per patient (OR = 0.757, p = 0.416) were not significant in a separate model with otherwise identical variables. While DCI is clearly associated with poor outcome, the influence of ET on outcome remains inconclusive. Limited by their retrospective nature and an indication bias, these data encourage a randomized assessment of ET.

Graphical abstract
Effect of GLITEROS specific-diabetes enteral formula modification based on tempe flour, jicama flour and sunflower seed flour on score pancreatic damage, number and diameter of the islets of langerhans of hyperglycemic rats pancreatic cells with streptozotocin induction
Authors: Wijayanti Lilis , Muniroh Muflihatul , Al-Baarri Ahmad Ni’matullah , Fitranti Deny Yudi , Mahati Endang , Afifah Diana Nur
Published: November 2023

Tempeh, yam, and sunflower's flour have been known to have antidiabetic effects, but their combined effect on the histopathology of hyperglycemic rat pancreatic cells in an enteral formula has not been proven. This study aimed to analyze the effect of GLITEROS specific-diabetes enteral formula modification based on tempeh flour, yam flour, and sunflower seed flour on the score pancreatic damage, number and diameter of the islets of langerhans of hyperglycemic rats with streptozotocin induction. The intervention was administered via an oral probe for 28 days to 30 Wistar rats, with each group consisting of 6 rats. The formula was given at a dose of 3.97 g/200 g/day (P1) and 8.75 g/200gr/day (P2) compared to standard control (K), positive control (K +), and negative control (K-). Histopathological features of the pancreas were analyzed using the hematoxylin–eosin staining method. Data were analyzed using paied t-test/Wilcoxon and ANOVA/Kruskal Wallis. The results showed a significant repair of pancreatic cell damage in the treatment group (P1 and P2) after the intervention (p < 0.05), but there was no difference in the number and diameter of the islets of Langerhans (p > 0.05). Overall, our findings suggest that the modified GLITEROS specific-diabetes enteral formula made from tempeh, yam, and sunflower seeds flour on the histopathological picture of hyperglycemia-induced rat pancreas, especially in the repair of damage to pancreatic Langerhans cells.

Graphical Abstract
Renal Doppler sonography as a non-invasive technique for early detection of reno-vascular changes in sickle cell disease in children
Authors: Eltagui Mona Hassan , Seif Eldein Hadeel M. , Elhady Marwa Abd , El-Sayed Dalia , Momen Nouran , Selim Yasmeen M. M. , Salam Mai Mohammed Abd EL
Published: November 2023

Objective

Early identification of sickle renovascular changes via renal Doppler sonography among sickle cell disease patients to help in early diagnosis and interventions to prevent progression to end-stage renal disease.

Methods

Forty-five SCD children were included along with 45 healthy control children. Renal Doppler sonography (PI and RI) was performed on all subjects.

Laboratory investigations were done: Hb electrophoresis, complete blood picture with blood indices, reticulocyte count, liver enzymes (ALT and AST), HCV serology, serum ferritin, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Urine analysis and albumin/creatinine ratio in urine were done for all patients as well.

Results

The study group consisted of 45 SCD patients, 27 (60%) males with a mean age of 12 years (± 3 years). By performing renal Doppler sonography, it was found that all study groups had significantly higher Doppler indices (resistivity index and pulsatility index) compared to the control group.

Results of renal Doppler sonography revealed that the main renal pulsatility index was positively correlated with the main renal resistance index (r = 0.454, p = 0.002).

Conclusion

Doppler indices (resistance index and pulsatility index) were of value to assess reno-vascular changes in SCD, Thus, renal Doppler indices could be an early technique in the assessment of sickle renovascular changes, so treatment can be started at an early stage before progressive affection of renal function.
Immunohistochemical assessment of the potential behavior of glandular odontogenic cyst and inflammatory periodontal cyst using E-cadherin and N-cadherin
Authors: Saleh Heba Ahmed , Makawi Dina M. , Rashad Asmaa Emad El-Din Mohamed
Published: November 2023

Background

This study is done to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of E-cadherin and N-cadherin in glandular odontogenic cysts (GOC), inflammatory periodontal (IPDL) cysts, and dental follicles (DF), and if there is a correlation with their biological behavior GOC, IPDL cysts, and DF cases were collected and investigated by immunohistochemistry. The area percent of immunoexpressed markers was calculated by SPSS version 25.

Results

The statistical analysis revealed a clear, statistically significant difference between the studied groups regarding the area percentage of the two immune-expression markers (p value = 0.000). The highest area percentage of the mean value of E-cadherin was recorded in IPDL cysts group with the most negligible value recorded in the group of GOC. On the other hand, the highest area percentage of the mean value of N-cadherin was documented in the group of GOC with the least recorded value was noted in the group of DF.

Conclusion

We noted that the cadherin switch mechanism in the epithelial lining of odontogenic cysts is a critical step in the epithelial mesenchymal transition process which may associates with clinical behavior and may also impact the mode of treatment.
Type selection, structural calculation and construction of anchorage in Sichuan bank of Sichuan Kahalo Jinsha River Bridge
Authors: Tao Qiyu , Xu Qigang , Chen Li , Gu Rui
Published: November 2023

Sichuan kahalo Jinsha River Bridge is a suspension bridge with a main span of 1030 m, and the anchorages on both sides are gravity anchorages. In order to adapt to special terrain and geological conditions, anchorage of Sichuan bank pioneered the use of frame structure as the anchorage foundation. The soil and the frame structure jointly bear the vertical load and resist the horizontal component of the main cable to form a "frame soil" community and fully mobilize the role of the undisturbed soil. In order to ensure the integrity of the frame structure, the indirect head of the slot section adopts a rigid joint. At the same time, the distributed grouting technology is used to strengthen the soil around the frame structure, so as to further improve the safety factor.

This paper introduces the topography and geology of the anchorage position, compares and selects different anchorage foundation schemes, and explains in detail the design concept, structure size and construction technology of the frame foundation.

The research shows that using frame structure as anchor foundation is not only reasonable, safe, good economy, but also environmentally friendly. It has solved the difficult problem of anchorage design under poor terrain and geological conditions, and will provide a good reference for the design of mountainous suspension bridges in similar condition.
Enhancing Cancer Care Amid Conflict: A Proposal for Optimizing Oncology Services During Wartime
Authors: Ahmed Yasar
Published: November 2023

The landscape of cancer care within armed conflict zones is characterized by intricate challenges arising from disrupted health care systems, scarcity of resources, and population displacement. During times of war, the provision of cancer services is often disrupted, leading to significant challenges for oncologists and other health care providers. To optimize cancer services during wartime, several key priorities must be addressed. Focusing on needs assessment, treatment prioritization, drug supply chain, telemedicine, mobile clinics, cross-border collaborations, health care staff support, and continuity of care will enable health care systems to provide essential cancer services and mitigate the adverse impact of conflict on patients with cancer. This article delineates the pivotal key priorities for optimizing cancer services during wartime. It calls for collaborative action, the integration of technology, and holistic care approaches to safeguard the rights, well-being, and dignity of individuals confronting the dual challenges of cancer and conflict. By addressing these priorities, health care providers, policymakers, and stakeholders can collectively ensure that cancer services remain steadfast and compassionate even amid the turmoil of war. Thus, it may be possible to optimize cancer services during wartime, ensuring that patients with cancer continue to receive the care they need.
Determinants of Bone-Modifying Agent Prescribing for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer in a National Health Care Delivery System
Authors: Nguyen Charles B. , Kobe Christopher , Kumbier Kyle E. , Bauman Jordan , Burns Jennifer A. , Tsao Phoebe A. , Sparks Jordan B. , Skolarus Ted A. , Caram Megan E.V.
Published: November 2023

PURPOSE

Despite guidelines recommending bone-modifying agents (BMAs) to decrease skeletal-related events (SREs) in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), BMAs are underutilized. In this retrospective cohort study, we report the factors associated with BMA use in a national health care delivery system.

METHODS

We used the Veterans Affairs Corporate Data Warehouse to identify men with mCRPC between 2010 and 2017. BMA prescribing frequency was evaluated, and the association between patient- and disease-specific factors with BMA use was assessed using multivariable logistic regression.

RESULTS

Among 3,980 men identified with mCRPC (mean age 73.5 years, 29% Black), 47% received a BMA; median time to BMA from start of mCRPC treatment was 102 days. Factors associated with BMA use included previous BMA use (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 7.81 [95% CI, 6.48 to 9.47]), diagnosis code for bone metastases (aOR, 1.26 [95% CI, 1.08 to 1.46]), and concomitant corticosteroid use (aOR, 1.53 [95% CI, 1.29 to 1.82]). Decreased BMA use was associated with advancing age (aOR, 0.85 per 10 years [95% CI, 0.78 to 0.92]), Charlson comorbidity index ≥2 (aOR, 0.76 [95% CI, 0.63 to 0.93]), Black race (aOR, 0.83 [95% CI, 0.70 to 0.98]), and decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR; aOR, 0.19 [95% CI, 0.11 to 0.32] for eGFR 0-29 mL/minutes; aOR, 0.76 [95% CI, 0.64 to 0.91] for 30-59 mL/minutes).

CONCLUSION

Patients who are older, Black, or have more comorbidities are less likely to receive guideline concordant care to prevent SREs. These observations highlight the unique challenges of caring for patients with mCRPC and the need for future studies to increase BMA use in these populations.
Lasofoxifene Monotherapy Induces Durable Complete Remission in a Patient with Estrogen Receptor-Positive, Metastatic Breast Cancer with an ESR1 Mutation
Authors: Gal-Yam Einav Nili , Levanon Keren
Published: November 2023

Complete clinical remission on lasofoxifene in post-CDK4/6i metastatic breast cancer patient with ESR1 mutation.
Unleashing a Lazarus Effect With Selpercatinib in a Never-Smoker Patient With Stage IV, Chemo-Immunotherapy Refractory, RET C630Y-Mutant, Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A First Case Report
Authors: Calles Antonio , Arregui Marta , Suárez-González Julia , García-Martos María , Márquez-Rodas Iván , Álvarez Rosa , Martin Miguel
Published: November 2023

The discovery of a RET gene mutation opens the door to targeted therapy in SCLC. #LCSM
Υπερτεμαχιακή φωνολογία της Ελληνικής και της Αραβικής
Authors: Ελσαφούρυ Γιούσεφ
Published: November 2023

Η διατριβή αυτή εξετάζει τεμαχιακά (φωνήεντα και σύμφωνα) και υπερτεμαχιακά χαρακτηριστικά (επιτονισμό) της διαγλώσσας μαθητών της Ελληνικής ως ξένης γλώσσας (Γ2), οι οποίοι μιλούν την αιγυπτιακή αραβική ως μητρική γλώσσα (Γ1). Επιπλέον, η διατριβή παρουσιάζει την αποτελεσματικότητα δύο μεθόδων διδασκαλίας στη βελτίωση της κατανόησης και παραγωγής τεμαχιακών και υπερτεμαχιακών της Ελληνικής από τους/τις συμμετέχοντες/ουσες. Η διατριβή αποτελείται από δύο μελέτες. Στην πρώτη μελέτη, συμμετείχαν 20 Αιγύπτιοι φοιτητές Πανεπιστημίου από τρία πανεπιστήμια (10 γυναίκες και 10 άνδρες), που ηχογραφήθηκαν, χωριστά, διαβάζοντας προτάσεις και ένα κείμενο (χωρίς ρητές οδηγίες σχετικά με την προφορά). Οι ηχογραφήσεις αναλύθηκαν ακουστικά μέσω του Praat (Boersma & Weenink, 2021) για την εύρεση του μέσου όρου των διαμορφωτών (formants) και της διάρκειας των φωνηέντων. Επιπλέον, εξετάστηκαν όσον αφορά την πρόσληψη/κατανόηση από φυσικούς ομιλητές της Ελληνικής που αξιολόγησαν την ξενική προφορά σε φωνήεντα, σύμφωνα και επιτονισμό. Για την αξιοπιστία της εσωτερικής συνοχής εφαρμόστηκε ο δείκτης αξιοπιστίας Cronbach’s α, ο οποίος ήταν > 0.9.Στη δεύτερη μελέτη εξετάζονται δύο μέθοδοι διδασκαλίας (α) η δια ζώσης διδασκαλία με εστίαση στην επικοινωνία και (β) η διδασκαλία μέσω ηλεκτρονικού υπολογιστή. Οι επιδράσεις τους εξετάζονται στη διδασκαλία συγκριμένων συμφώνων (/ð/, /θ/, /p/, /z/, /s/ και /b/), φωνηέντων (/e/, /a/, /ο/, /i/, /u/) και στον επιτονισμό της κατάφασης και της ερώτησης ολικής άγνοιας. Για την αξιολόγηση της διδασκαλίας εφαρμόστηκε ένα πρωτόκολλο (pre-test, training post-test). Συμμετείχαν τριάντα φοιτητές Πανεπιστημίου σε δύο πειραματικές ομάδες. Για την πρώτη (Ομάδα 1- 15 φοιτητές), γίνεται διδασκαλία στην τάξη και για τη δεύτερη (Ομάδα 2 -15 φοιτητές), η διδασκαλία είναι μέσω υπολογιστή. Συνολικά, οι ομάδες έλαβαν τέσσερις ώρες διδασκαλίας. Υλικό σύγκρισης ήταν, αφενός, προτάσεις που βαθμολογήθηκαν από φυσικούς ομιλητές για την διερεύνηση του βαθμού βελτίωσης στον προφορικό λόγο και, αφετέρου, εξέταση του βαθμού βελτίωσης στην αντίληψη των μαθητών. Η διδασκαλία/εξάσκηση δεν οδήγησε σε βελτίωση της ταυτοποίησης από μαθητές. Ωστόσο, η παραγωγή βελτιώθηκε στα επίπεδα ξενικότητας και ταυτοποίησης από Φ.Ο.. Η βελτίωση ήταν στατιστικά σημαντική σε ορισμένες περιπτώσεις, αλλά όχι σε όλες τις περιπτώσεις.