bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Criminal Policy on Prevention and Combating of Espionage Activity in Poland. An Aanalysis Illustrated with the Statutory Amendments Adopted in 2023
Authors: Rosicki Remigiusz
Published: October 2024

The research problem addressed in the text concerns the criminal policy concerned with pre-venting and combating espionage offences in Poland in 1998–2023. A criminal policy is understood as a particular form of legal policy, encompassing the programming of anti-crime measures through penal-ties and other legal measures, criminalisation and decriminalisation regulations, and the deliberate creation of penal provisions. The main objective of the analysis is to juxtapose the previous legislation with the new legal solutions criminalising and penalising further types of espionage, which were introduced in 2023. The consequence of the comparative purpose thus defined is the presentation of an assessment of the new solutions from the perspective of penal policy. The analysis is based on two approaches: the dogmatic and the historical-comparative one. The dogmatic approach focuses on the analysis of the penal law provisions themselves and their interpretation, while the historical-comparative approach juxtaposes the current provisions with the earlier changes following the diachronic perspective. The study aims to answer questions about the differences between the current and previous legislation concerned with the criminalisation of espionage, and to assess the effectiveness of the 2023 amendments.
The Challenge of the Transition to Renewable Energies: A Geopolitical Approach in the Light of the International Competition for Rare Earth Elements
Authors: Zerniz Amal
Published: October 2024

This article aims to analyze the geopolitical dimensions of the transition to renewable energies in light of the international competition over securing access to rare earth elements (REEs), referred to as new geopolitical foundations that give the countries possessing them a geopolitical advantage. The study addressed three elements representing the geopolitics of REEs in renewable energy supply chains, global economic powers’ strategies to ensure access to them based on China’s dominant position in their markets as well as the geopolitics of international competition to secure access to REEs. The article concluded that the rising demand for REEs sparks a worldwide “mineral war,” in which global economic powers line up to secure access to these strategic resources necessary to build a future for clean energy. However, challenges remain significant and complex given their interconnection with the current international energy security mechanisms after many regions with large REEs reserves have become theatres of geopolitical tensions.
An isomorphism between unitals and between related classical groups
Authors: Stroppel Markus J.
Published: October 2024

An isomorphism between two hermitian unitals is provided, and used to treat isomorphisms of classical groups that are related to the isomorphism between certain simple real Lie algebras of types A and D (and rank 3).
Equiangular lines in ℂ3
Authors: Et-Taoui Boumediene , Lehbab Imène , Makhlouf Abdenacer
Published: October 2024

A p-set of equiangular lines in ℂ3 is a set of p lines spanning ℂ3 each pair of which has the same nonzero angle arccos c, where 0 < c < 1. It is known that via a real matrix representation, a pair of lines in ℝ3
with angle arccos c yields a pair of isoclinic planes in ℝ6 with angle arccos c. In this article we characterize all p-tuples of equi-isoclinic planes in ℝ6 which come via our real matrix representation from p-tuples of equiangular lines in ℂ3. More precisely, we describe quadruples, quintuples up to nine-tuples of equiangular lines in ℂ3.
The challenge of thigh tendon reinjuries: an expert opinion
Authors: Palermi Stefano , Vittadini Filippo , Pasta Giulio , Zappia Marcello , Corsini Alessandro , Pedret Carles , Vergani Luca , Leo Italo , Nanni Gianni , Vecchiato Marco , Demeco Andrea , Belviso Immacolata , Sirico Felice , Jokela Aleksi , Lempainen Lasse
Published: October 2024

This review critically examines the issue of thigh tendon reinjury in athletes, drawing on recent advancements and diverse perspectives in sports medicine. The findings underscore the paramount importance of an early and accurate diagnosis, which significantly influences treatment efficacy and rehabilitation outcomes. We explore the intricacies of tendon anatomy and the mechanisms underlying injuries, highlighting how these factors interplay with athlete-specific risk profiles to affect reinjury rates. A major finding from the review is the necessity for individualized rehabilitation approaches that integrate both traditional methods and emerging technologies. These technologies show promise in enhancing monitoring and facilitating precise adjustments to rehabilitation protocols, thus improving recovery trajectories. Additionally, the review identifies a common shortfall in current practices – premature to play (RTP) – which often results from inadequate adherence to tailored rehabilitation strategies or underestimation of the injury’s severity. Such premature RTP significantly heightens the risk of further injury. Through this synthesis of contemporary research and expert opinion, the review advocates for a multidisciplinary approach in managing thigh tendon injuries, emphasizing the need for ongoing research to refine RTP criteria and optimize rehabilitation techniques. The ultimate goal is to support athletes in achieving safer and more effective recoveries, thereby reducing the likelihood of tendon reinjury.
Prospective and retrospective causal inferences based on the potential outcome framework
Authors: Geng Zhi , Zhang Chao , Wang Xueli , Liu Chunchen , Wei Shaojie
Published: October 2024

In this article, we discuss both prospective and retrospective causal inferences, building on Neyman’s potential outcome framework. For prospective causal inference, we review criteria for confounders and surrogates to avoid the Yule–Simpson paradox and the surrogate paradox, respectively. For retrospective causal inference, we introduce the concepts of posterior causal effects given observed evidence to quantify the causes of effects. The posterior causal effects provide a unified framework for deducing both effects of causes in prospective causal inference and causes of effects in retrospective causal inference. We compare the medical diagnostic approaches based on Bayesian posterior probabilities and posterior causal effects for classification and attribution.
NSUN6 and HTR7 disturbed the stability of carotid atherosclerotic plaques by regulating the immune responses of macrophages
Authors: Jin Tingyu , Gao Han , Meng Danyang , Luo Man , Hu Jin
Published: October 2024

Background

Ischemic stroke associated with atherosclerosis is globally named atherothrombotic stroke. Presently, the underlying pathogenic genes promoting carotid atherosclerotic plaques transfer from a stable to unstable state remains elusive. This study aims to find the hub genes disturbing the stability of plaques and explore the primary cells affected by these hub genes.

Methods

The optimal hub genes from five datasets for unstable plaques were identified by overlapping genes derived from Boruta and LASSO algorithms. The hub genes’ expression levels in stroke patients were confirmed through RT-qPCR. Visualization of the hub genes’ expression across various cell clusters was achieved with the aid of the Seurat R package. Then, hub genes were overexpressed or knock-down by lentivirus and siRNA, respectively. The inflammatory factors in the culture medium were detected using an ELISA assay.

Results

Eight genes (APOD, ASXL1, COL4A5, HTR7, INF2, NSUN6, PDSS2, and RBBP7) were identified and confirmed by RT-qPCR. The prognostic model was built upon this eight-gene composite foundation, and the area under the curve was 0.98. Based on CIBERSORT findings, unstable plaques displayed a higher macrophage proportion compared to stable ones (P < 0.05). These eight genes also correlated with infiltrated immune cells, especially macrophages. Then, according to single-cell RNA-seq analysis, we found that the eight hub genes mainly expressed in macrophages. The cellular localization of two hub genes (NSUN6 and HTR7) with high distinguishability was confirmed, and gene set enrichment analysis also clarified the possible biological pathways regulated by them. The findings from the in vitro investigation revealed that TNF-α and IL-6 were reduced in macrophages with NSUN6 overexpression or HTR7 knockdown.

Conclusion

Eight hub genes, especially NSUN6 and HTR7, were found to promote the progression of plaques by regulating the immune responses of macrophages.
The acoustic characteristics of Swedish vowels
Authors: Persson Anna
Published: October 2024

The Swedish vowel space is relatively densely populated with 21 categories that differ in quality and quantity. Existing descriptions of the entire space rest on recordings made in the late 1990s or earlier, while recent work in general has focused on subsets of the space. The present paper reports on static and dynamic acoustic analyses of the entire vowel space using a recently released database of h-VOWEL-d words (SwehVd). The results highlight the importance of static and dynamic spectral and temporal cues for Swedish vowel category distinction. The first two formants and vowel duration are the primary acoustic cues to vowel identity, however, the third formant contributes to increased category separability for neighboring contrasts presumed to differ in lip-rounding. In addition, even though all long-short vowel pairs differ systematically in duration, they also display considerable spectral differences, suggesting that quantity distinctions are not separate from quality distinctions in Swedish. The dynamic analysis further suggests formant movements in both long and short vowels, with [e:] and [o:] displaying clearer patterns of diphthongization.
Arsenic Pigments in Libraries – Testing Methods, Contaminated Spaces, and Occupational Safety Measures
Authors: Wetten Juliana , Pataki-Hundt Andrea , Deering Katharina , Börngen Marlen , Presslmayr Daniel , Spiegel Elise , Flock Hannah , Blumenroth Diana
Published: October 2024

Arsenic-containing pigments in library materials are a source of danger for institutional staff, conservators, scientists, and users. In a research project, the Bonn University and State Library and the Cologne University of Applied Sciences analysed the handling of arsenic in library materials. Over 300 volumes with suspicious green book components were analysed using both XRF and Raman spectroscopy, with arsenic compounds being detected in around half of them. A rapid test based on bromide test strips and the MQuant® test were then evaluated. The MQuant® test proved to be more useful. Dust tests at various locations in the library stacks detected arsenic concentrations that were above the permissible guideline values. In addition to arsenic, other heavy metals like lead and mercury were also detected. The secondary contamination of books standing next to arsenic-containing bindings was investigated further, showing positive results for arsenic on most of the books tested. The cause of this secondary contamination could not be discerned. The results of this study show that a precise occupational safety-based risk assessment in accordance with the (S)TOP principle, the drafting of work instructions and, above all, thorough hygiene measures are necessary. The cleaning of library rooms and hygiene standards should be pursued consistently and should be taken as seriously as the detection of arsenic compounds.
Third-person perceptions of suicide by people with terminal illnesses as a function of age and gender
Authors: Schiffer Ashley A. , Saucier Donald A.
Published: October 2024

Introduction: We examined third-person perceptions of suicide among people with terminal illnesses, correlationally (Study 1) as well as experimentally as a function of a target's age (Study 2) and gender (Study 3). Methods: In all studies, we measured general and person perceptions as well as comparisons to traditional suicide plus individual differences in Masculine Honor Beliefs, Free Will Beliefs, Fear of Death, and Suicide Acceptability. Results: Participants generally had favorable attitudes toward suicide among people with terminal illnesses across studies. Participants reported more positive perceptions of older targets (i.e., people in their 90s) compared to younger targets (i.e., people in their 40s) and more stigmatizing perceptions of men (compared to women) dying by suicide due to terminal illness. Masculine Honor Beliefs and Free Will Beliefs were negatively related to favorable attitudes toward suicide among people with terminal illnesses whereas Suicide Acceptability was positively related to favorable attitudes toward suicide among people with terminal illnesses. Fear of Death yielded somewhat inconsistent patterns across studies. Discussion: These studies inform third-person attitudes toward suicide among people with terminal illnesses generally while also considering how poor health status can intersect with other identities (e.g., age, gender) as well as aspects of perceivers to aggravate or mitigate these perceptions.
Dendritic Spines of Layer 5 Pyramidal Neurons of the Aging Somatosensory Cortex Exhibit Reduced Volumetric Remodeling
Authors: Ducote Alexis Lionel , Voglewede Rebecca Lynn , Mostany Ricardo
Published: October 2024

Impairments in synaptic dynamics and stability are observed both in neurodegenerative disorders and in the healthy aging cortex, which exhibits elevated dendritic spine turnover and decreased long-term stability of excitatory connections at baseline, as well as an altered response to plasticity induction. In addition to the discrete gain and loss of synapses, spines also change in size and strength both during learning and in the absence of neural activity, and synaptic volume has been associated with stability and incorporation into memory traces. Furthermore, intrinsic dynamics, an apparently stochastic component of spine volume changes, may serve as a homeostatic mechanism to prevent stabilization of superfluous connections. However, the effects of age on modulation of synaptic weights remain unknown. Using two-photon excitation (2PE) microscopy of spines during chemical plasticity induction in vitro and analyzing longitudinal in vivo 2PE images after a plasticity-inducing manipulation, we characterize the effects of age on volumetric changes of spines of the apical tuft of layer 5 pyramidal neurons of mouse primary somatosensory cortex. Aged mice exhibit decreased volumetric volatility and delayed rearrangement of synaptic weights of persistent connections, as well as greater susceptibility to spine shrinkage in response to chemical long-term depression. These results suggest a deficit in the aging brain’s ability to fine-tune synaptic weights to properly incorporate and retain novel memories. This research provides the first evidence of alterations in spine volumetric dynamics in healthy aging and may support a model of impaired processing and learning in the aged somatosensory system.
Tino de Camaino y el Maestro de Santa Cecilia: Sobre la posible identificación sienesa de una anónimo "Giottesco"
Authors: Alcoy i Pedros Rosa
Published: October 2024

Anuario del Departamento de Historia y Teoría del Arte
Oro y tejidos en los fondos pictóricos del Renacimiento Español
Authors: Ávila Padrón Ana Victoria
Published: October 2024

Anuario del Departamento de Historia y Teoría del Arte
АЛГОРИТМЫ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ КАРТ СЕГМЕНТАЦИИ ИЗОБРАЖЕНИЙ ИЗ СУПЕРПИКСЕЛЕЙ НА ОСНОВЕ КОМБИНИРОВАННОЙ ИНФОРМАЦИОННОЙ МЕРЫ КАЧЕСТВА
Authors: Д.М. МУРАШОВ
Published: October 2024

Предлагаются новые алгоритмы объединения суперпикселей в сегменты с использованием «жадной» стратегии и комбинированной меры качества, которая включает две компоненты: меру информационной избыточности и вариацию информации. «Жадная» стратегия применялась автором ранее для ускорения сегментации изображений из условия минимума информационной избыточности, а двухкомпонентная информационная мера качества использовалась в задаче комбинирования различных карт сегментации. Совместное использование «жадной» стратегии и комбинированной меры качества в новых алгоритмах направлено на ускорение формирования карт сегментации и повышение их качества за счёт компромисса между требованиями минимизации количества выделенных информационно важных сегментов и минимизации информационного различия между оригинальными изображениями и сформированными разбиениями. Вычислительный эксперимент на тестовых изображениях показал, что предлагаемые алгоритмы позволяют ускорить процесс сегментации по сравнению с методом на основе минимизации информационной избыточности, применявшимся ранее автором, и улучшить информационные характеристики полученных карт сегментации.

This work proposes new algorithms for combining superpixels into segments using a “greedy” strategy and a combined quality measure that includes two components: a measure of information redundancy and variation of information. The “greedy” strategy was previously used by the author to speed up image segmentation from the condition of minimum information redundancy, and a two-component information quality measure was used in the problem of combining different segmentation maps. The joint use of the “greedy” strategy and the combined quality measure in new algorithms is aimed at accelerating the generation of segmentation maps and improving their quality through a compromise between the requirements of minimizing the number of informationally important segments and minimizing the information difference between the original images and the generated partitions. A computational experiment on test images shows that the proposed algorithms can speed up the segmentation process compared to the method based on minimizing information redundancy previously used by the author and improve the information characteristics of the resulting segmentation maps.
ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ МЕТОДА ВЗАИМНОЙ КОРРЕЛЯЦИИ ИЗОБРАЖЕНИЙ ДЛЯ РАСЧЁТА КООРДИНАТ ПОЛОЖЕНИЯ ОБЪЕКТОВ КРУГЛОЙ ФОРМЫ И ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ ИХ РАЗМЕРОВ
Authors: А.А. ГОЛИЦЫН , С.А. ГОЛИЦЫН , Н.А. СЕЙФИ
Published: October 2024

Предложена методика вычисления координаты положения круглого объекта на изображении и его диаметра. В основе методики лежит вычисление значений взаимных корреляций фрагмента анализируемого изображения с несколькими характерными изображениями-эталонами, чтобы одновременно определить, и какой эталон, и какое его смещение относительно исследуемого фрагмента являются наиболее подходящими. Методика позволяет не только вычислить размер и координаты, но и определить фактическое отсутствие объекта в поле зрения. Показана её реализуемость и практическая применимость на примере алгоритма анализа мест сварки проволочных соединений на поверхности полупроводников с характерным шариком, которые используются при сборке интегральных микросхем. Алгоритм может быть использован в целях неразрушающего контроля на производстве полупроводниковых изделий до их корпусирования. Алгоритм позволяет не только измерить диаметр шарика и определить, находится ли его координата в допуске или нет, но также установить, имеется ли соединение вообще.

The article proposes a technique to identify the location of the round-shaped object in the image and to calculate its diameter. The technique is based on calculating the cross-correlation values of the analyzed image and several specific pattern images and on the subsequent analysis which of the patterns and for what its position relative to the inspected image is the most suitable one. The technique allows one not only to calculate the object size and coordinates, but also to determine the actual presence or absence of the object in the field of view. The feasibility and practical applicability of the technique are shown using an example of inspecting the ball-type wire bonding to the surface of a die in integrated circuits. The algorithm can be used as a part of software for non-destructive testing systems intended to inspect semiconductor products during their manufacturing before casing them. In particular, the algorithm allows one to check if there is a ball-type wire bonding at the place where it should be and to determine if both the location of the ball and its diameter are acceptable.
ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ДИНАМИКИ УСАДКИ ГОЛОГРАФИЧЕСКИХ ФОТОПОЛИМЕРНЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ
Authors: Е.Ф. ПЕН
Published: October 2024

Исследована динамика эффективной и физической (геометрической) усадок голографического фотополимерного материала путём измерения эволюции спектров пропускания объёмных отражательных голограмм в процессе их записи. Впервые экспериментально показано, что в значительной степени физическая усадка происходит уже на ранней стадии формирования голограммы, когда её дифракционная эффективность незначительна (менее 0,05). Установлено, что в конце засветки значения эффективной усадки для малых и больших периодов решёток существенно отличаются, в то время как физическая усадка примерно одинаковая. Для исследованных образцов решёток получены оценки средних значений показателей преломления до и после засветки. Разработаны методика и устройство измерений динамики усадки отражательных фотополимерных голограмм, обеспечивающие минимальные погрешности оценки параметров усадки. Результаты исследований могут быть полезны для углубления знаний о механизме формирования голограмм в фотополимерных материалах, а также для практического использования при разработке голографических элементов и устройств на их основе.

The dynamics of effective and physical (geometric) shrinkage of a holographic photopolymer material is studied by measuring the evolution of transmission spectra of volume reflection holograms during their recording. It is shown experimentally for the first time that physical shrinkage occurs to a significant extent already at an early stage of hologram formation, when its diffraction efficiency is insignificant (less than 0.05). It is established that the effective shrinkage values at the end of the exposure for small and large grating periods differ significantly, while the physical shrinkage is approximately the same. For the grating samples studied, the average refractive indices before and after exposure are estimated. A method and device for measuring the shrinkage dynamics of reflection photopolymer holograms have been developed, ensuring the minimal errors in estimating the shrinkage parameters. The research results may be useful for deepening the knowledge about the nature of hologram formation in photopolymer materials, as well as for practical use in the development of holographic elements and devices based on them.
АВТОМАТИЗИРОВАННАЯ КАЛИБРОВКА УГЛОИЗМЕРИТЕЛЬНЫХ ШКАЛ С НЕРЕГУЛЯРНОЙ СТРУКТУРОЙ
Authors: А.Н. БУБЛИК , А.В. КИРЬЯНОВ , В.П. КИРЬЯНОВ , А.Г. КАРАКОЦКИЙ
Published: October 2024

Разработана и апробирована методика калибровки шкал с нерегулярной структурой, характерной для абсолютных угловых датчиков на основе псевдослучайных кодов. Экспериментально получены результаты калибровки на уровне ± 2,2″ с неопределённостью ± 0,5″, характерной для используемой измерительно-диагностической установки АЭ.1686. Достоверность результатов калибровки нерегулярных шкал подтверждается идентичностью полученных кривых при их сличении с кривой калибровки регулярной шкалы, сформированной на другом радиусе в едином технологическом цикле совместно с одной из контролируемых нерегулярных шкал.

The method of calibration of scales with an irregular structure typical for absolute angle encoders based on pseudo-random codes has been developed and tested. The calibration results at a level of ±2.2″ with an uncertainty of ±0.5″, characteristic for the measuring and diagnostic unit AE.1686 used, are experimentally obtained. The reliability of the results of calibration of irregular scales is confirmed by the identity of the curves obtained when comparing them with the calibration curve of a regular scale formed at another radius in a single technological cycle together with one of the controlled irregular scales.
О ФОРМИРОВАНИИ СПЕКТРАЛЬНОЙ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ШИРОКОАПЕРТУРНОГО АКУСТООПТИЧЕСКОГО ФИЛЬТРА
Authors: В.Э. ПОЖАР , Е.А. ДЬЯКОНОВ
Published: October 2024

Рассмотрена проблема построения электронно-перестраиваемого оптического фильтра с синтезируемой спектральной характеристикой. В качестве технической основы взят фильтр на базе дифракции света на акустических волнах, в котором все главные характеристики определяются параметрами фазовой объёмной дифракционной решётки, создаваемой в кристаллической среде акустическим полем, формируемым пьезоизлучателем. Исследована возможность формирования передаточной функции (спектральной характеристики) акустооптического перестраиваемого фильтра путём формирования управляющего сигнала и создания в среде неоднородной динамической фазовой дифракционной решётки. Показано, что в широкоапертурной геометрии акустооптических фильтров, используемой в современных гиперспектральных системах, может быть построена однокоординатная модель акустооптического взаимодействия. Определена связь между параметрами управляющего высокочастотного сигнала, акустической волны, создающей решётку, и спектральной функцией пропускания фильтра. Сформулированы принципиальные ограничения на ширину спектрального окна пропускания. Полученные соотношения позволяют описать работу акустооптического фильтра при произвольном законе амплитудной и частотной модуляций управляющего ультразвукового сигнала при ограниченном коэффициенте передачи. Результаты могут найти применение при проектировании оптических спектральных систем с управляемой функцией пропускания акустооптического фильтра.

The development of acousto-optical tunable filter with a synthesized spectral transmission characteristic is presented. The wide-aperture (wide-angle, tangent) geometry of acousto-optical tunable filters widely used in modern hyperspectral systems is considered. It is shown that they can be described with a single-coordinate model of acousto-optic interaction. The relationships between the driving radiofrequency signal characteristics, the parameters of the acoustic wave forming the grating, and the spectral transmission function of the acousto-optical filter are determined. The fundamental limitations on the spectral transmission function characteristics are revealed. In a linear transmission approximation, the deduced relations describe the operation of an acousto-optical filter with an arbitrary law of amplitude and frequency modulation of the driving signal. The results are applicable for development of acousto-optical spectral systems with a controlled transmission function.
ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОЕ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ФИЛЬТРАЦИОННЫХ СВОЙСТВ ТРЕЩИНОВАТО-ПОРИСТЫХ ГЕОМАТЕРИАЛОВ В РАМКАХ МОДЕЛИ СРЕДЫ С ДВОЙНОЙ ПРОНИЦАЕМОСТЬЮ
Authors: Л.А. НАЗАРОВ , Н.А. ГОЛИКОВ , А.А. СКУЛКИН , Л.А. НАЗАРОВА
Published: October 2024

Разработан и в лабораторных условиях на слоистых образцах из искусственного геоматериала апробирован экспериментальный метод, позволяющий в рамках модели среды с двойной проницаемостью определить параметры, контролирующие процессы миграции флюидов и пороупругое деформирование трещиновато-пористых породных массивов - трещинную проницаемость k1 и коэффициент массообмена β, а также их зависимость от напряжений σ. Предложена и реализована процедура испытаний: при ступенчато возрастающем нормальном напряжении σ измеряются стационарные расходы Q1(σ) и Q2(σ) в трещиновато-пористом образце квазирегулярной структуры при заданном перепаде давления: по стандартной схеме (Q1) и закрытых трещинах на торце (Q2). Создана математическая модель эксперимента, получено аналитическое решение задачи о стационарной фильтрации: распределение давления в трещинах и матрице, зависимость расходов от σ. Представлен алгоритм для интерпретации данных эксперимента - расчета k1 и β по зарегистрированным расходам Q1 и Q2. Показано, что проницаемость k1 пропорциональна σ -2, а β практически не меняется.

The experimental procedure is developed and tested on a laboratory scale and using layered samples of manmade geomaterials. Within the dual-permeability model, the procedure enables determining parameters that govern fluid flow and poroelastic deformation in fractured porous rock masses, namely, fracture permeability k1 and mass transfer coefficient β, as well as their dependence on stresses σ. The testing procedure is proposed and implemented. In the procedure, under the stepwise increasing normal stress σ, the stationary flow rates Q1(σ) and Q2(σ) are measured in a quasiregular fractured porous sample at the preset pressure difference: using a standard setup (Q1) and in closed end-face fractures (Q2). The mathematical model of the experiment is constructed, and the analytical solution of the problem on stationary flow is obtained: pressure patterns in fractures, and stress-dependence of flow rates. The experimental data interpretation algorithm enables calculating k1 and β by the recorded flow rates Q1 and Q2. It is shown that the permeability k1 is proportional to σ -2, and β remains almost unchanged.
ОБОСНОВАНИЕ СОСТАВА И ПАРАМЕТРОВ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ЦЕМЕНТНОЙ ЗАКЛАДКИ НА РУДНИКЕ CERRO LINDO, ПЕРУ
Authors: Л.А. ПЕРЕЗ , К.Г. ПЕРЕА
Published: October 2024

Разработан экспериментальный проект оценки различных технологий подготовки цементной закладочной смеси, проверки ее требуемой прочности и параметров замешивания. Рассмотрены метод определения применимости предлагаемой технологии, сопротивляемость закладки на сжатие, а также результаты оценки стоимости, уровня повышения производительности рудника и безопасности горнодобывающих работ. Установлена пиковая сопротивляемость закладки на сжатие, достигнуто снижение разубоживания руды и повышение устойчивости целиков.

The authors developed a pilot project to test different preparations of cemented rock fill, determine the appropriate mix design, and check necessary mix strength. The article presents the required resistance studies and the research method used to determine feasibility, cost performance and increased mine productivity and safety. The study achieved a resistance peak of 1.6 MPa, reduced dilution of the ore, and increased pillar stability.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТЕЙ ДЕЗИНТЕГРАЦИИ РУДНЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ ПРИ СУХОМ ИЗМЕЛЬЧЕНИИ В ЦЕНТРОБЕЖНОМ АППАРАТЕ НОВОЙ КОНСТРУКЦИИ
Authors: А.И. МАТВЕЕВ , В.Р. ВИНОКУРОВ
Published: October 2024

С помощью лабораторной модели вертикального центробежного аппарата установлена зависимость эффективности измельчения рудных материалов с разной твердостью по шкале Мооса. Определены рациональные конструктивные и режимные параметры аппарата для данных руд, которые заложены в основу разработки и проектирования полного пакета рабочей документации на изготовление опытно-промышленного варианта вертикального центробежного измельчителя ВЦИ-12.

Using a laboratory model of a vertical centrifugal breaking machine, the milling efficiency of ore having different Mohs hardnesses is found. The rational structural and operating parameters of the breaking machine are determined for such ore materials. The data are included in the project documentation development for manufacturing a pilot vertical centrifugal breaking machine VTSI-12.
ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ КАТИОННЫХ И СМЕШАННЫХ АНИОННЫХ СОБИРАТЕЛЕЙ ПРИ ФЛОТАЦИОННОМ ОБОГАЩЕНИИ КВАРЦЕВОГО ПЕСКА
Authors: Л. ДА-ВЭЙ , Б. ЦЗУНЬ-ЧЖЕ , Ч. ЮЙ , В. ДИ
Published: October 2024

Рассмотрено практическое применение катионных и смешанных анионных собирателей для обогащения кварцевого песка методом флотации. Результаты показали, что комбинированное использование додециламина (DDA), олеата натрия (NaOL) и додецилсульфата натрия (SDS) более эффективно по сравнению с применением данных реагентов по отдельности. При использовании смешанного собирателя DDA/NaOL/SDS доля удаления Al2O3 увеличилась на 11.1% относительно собирателя DDA/NaOL и достигла 75.1 %. По сравнению с собирателем DDA/SDS смешанный собиратель значительно повышает долю извлечения кварца и долю удаления примесей. Полученный концентрат обладает достаточным содержанием кварца для практического применения при удовлетворительном извлечении.

This paper studies the effect of using cationic/mixed anionic collectors in the practical application of quartz sand flotation. The combined use of Dodecylamine(DDA)/sodium oleate(NaOL)/sodium dodecyl sulfonate(SDS) is the innovative point of this paper. This experiment used quartz sand from Hanzhong, Shaanxi Province, China. The results showed that the combined use of DDA, NaOL and SDS was better than the single use. Using DDA/NaOL/SDS mixed collector, the removal efficiency of Al2O3 can reach 75.1%, compared with DDA/NaOL mixed collector, the purification effect of Al2O3 can be increased by 11.1%. Compared with DDA/SDS mixed collector, the use of this mixed collector can greatly improve the purification effect and recovery rate. And the quartz concentrate has a good recovery rate in practical application.
МОДИФИКАЦИЯ УГЛЕЙ АПСАТСКОГО МЕСТОРОЖДЕНИЯ С ЦЕЛЬЮ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ВЫСОКОКАЧЕСТВЕННЫХ УГЛЕРОДНЫХ АДСОРБЕНТОВ
Authors: К.К. РАЗМАХНИН , И.С. КУРОШЕВ , И.Б. РАЗМАХНИНА
Published: October 2024

Приведена краткая характеристика сырьевой базы угля в Забайкальском крае. Рассмотрены вопросы термической и гидрохимической модификации углей Апсатского месторождения. Установлена возможность использования карбонизации, парогазовой активации и щелочной обработки ископаемых углей марки СС для повышения их адсорбционной способности. Предложена технология рудоподготовки и переработки углей Апсатского месторождения, включающая дробление, грохочение, карбонизацию и паровую активацию. Приведены характеристики исходных и подвергшихся переработке углей. Установлены основные физико-химические свойства полученных углеродных адсорбентов. Определены параметры модификации ископаемых углей. Представлены результаты компьютерного моделирования активных углеродных сорбентов, основанного на квантово-химическом взаимодействии частиц. Определены направления использования высококачественной сорбционной продукции в технологиях обращения горнопромышленными отходами.

A brief description of coal resources in Transbaikalia is given. The issues of thermal and hydrochemical modification of coal from Apsat deposit are discussed. The usability of carbonization, gas-steam activation and alkaline treatment of low-caking coal for the improvement of coal adsorption capacity is determined. The proposed technology of Apsat coal preparation and dressing includes crushing, screening, carbonization and steam activation. The characteristics of the initial and treated coal are presented. The main physicochemical properties of the produced carbon adsorbents are determined. The coal modification parameters are identified. The computer-aided modeling of activated carbon adsorbents based on the quantum-chemical interaction of particles is described. The application areas of high-quality adsorbents in mining waste treatment are specified.
ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЕ ПАРАМЕТРОВ ОСЕДАНИЯ ДНЕВНОЙ ПОВЕРХНОСТИ ПРИ ВЫЕМКЕ ПОЛОГИХ УГОЛЬНЫХ ПЛАСТОВ
Authors: Л. ХУ , Ц. ЦЗЕ , С. ЛЯНЬ , Ч. СЮЭ , Л. СЮЦЯН , Г. СЮЭ
Published: October 2024

Рассмотрена проблема определения параметров оседания дневной поверхности при отработке угольного пласта методами традиционных вероятностных интегральных решений и усовершенствованного динамического прогнозирования. На основе генетического алгоритма разработана параметрическая модель деформации поверхности, включающая коэффициент оседания и мульду сдвижения. Установлена функция динамического прогнозирования, позволяющая получить полный профиль оседания поверхности и тренд динамического изменения области ведения горных работ. Результаты исследований показали, что динамическое прогнозирование совместно с генетическим алгоритмом обеспечивают достаточно высокую эффективность и точность установления параметров оседания поверхности при отработке угольного пласта. Исследование проводилось на примере горнодобывающего района в провинции Шаньси.

By combining the advantages of InSAR, Probabilistic Integral Method and Genetic Algorithm, an improved method for dynamic prediction of probability integral parameters is proposed to realize subsidence inversion and prediction in insufficient mining. Firstly, InSAR is used to obtain the time series information of surface deformation in goaf. Then, a genetic algorithm-based parameter inversion model is constructed to invert the subsidence parameters such as subsidence coefficient and influence radius. After that, a dynamic prediction function is established to obtain the complete surface subsidence pattern and dynamic change trend of the mining area. Taking a goaf in Shanxi Province as the experimental object, Sentinel-1A(S-1A) image as the data source, combined with PIM and InSAR data, the parameter inversion model is used to successfully obtain the dynamic change process of mining subsidence parameters. The results show that the dynamic prediction function can achieve a certain effect on surface prediction in insufficient mining, and the parameter inversion model based on genetic algorithm has a high inversion accuracy, which provides a basis for surface prediction in insufficient mining.
The Impact of Restrictions on the State-Owned Enterprises to Expand their Operations into New Product Lines in Latvia
Authors: Vircavs Inguss
Published: October 2024

There is a practice among OECD countries of establishing restrictions for state-owned enterprises to develop new products in addition to their main production. Scarce attention is paid to how such an approach affects public enterprises’ performance in favour of the public good; thus, it must be clarified. This research aims to propose competition policy improvements based on the evaluated impact of new product restrictions on competition neutrality. The research methodology includes interviews with Latvian public sector stakeholders concerning the advantages of optimal use of the company’s resources and risks’ diversification. Private sector disadvantages if state-owned enterprises offer their products in private-dominated markets are considered. It was observed that national policy is contradictory: there is an emphasis on efficiency goals, but the expansion initiatives by state-owned enterprises in the market are accepted reluctantly. Taking advantage of state-owned enterprises to boost R&D innovations is important to fostering Latvian regional development policies.
Konstitucinė justicija Lietuvoje: trys veiklos dešimtmečiai
Authors: Juškevičiūtė-Vilienė Agnė , Pūraitė-Andrikienė Dovilė
Published: October 2024

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Legal deadlock in the company: ways to resolve shareholder disputes
Authors: Dilytė Simona , Juodikis Domantas
Published: October 2024

This paper draws on foreign doctrine and Lithuanian case law to present the concept of legal deadlock, analyses the judicial methods of resolving legal deadlock, and presents the most common contractual methods of resolving deadlock in shareholders’ agreements. The relationship between an option and a preliminary agreement and the criteria for distinguishing between them are described on the basis of Lithuanian court interpretations. It also analyses the operation of the freedom of contract principle within the framework of shareholders’ agreements, based on Lithuanian case law and compared with the position of the Italian courts. It also describes the problems of the practicability of the option, taking into account the categories of inviolability of property and public interest. The analysis of these aspects leads to the conclusion that an option contract can be enforced in kind, but that the courts do not provide effective practical mechanisms to force a party to sign the contract.
CONTROL OF A CAPACITOR EXCITED ISOLATED INDUCTION GENERATOR ASSISTED BY A MULTI-MODULAR POWER ELECTRONIC CONVERTER
Authors:   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Beresteiskyi Ave., 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Mazurenko L.I. , Dzhura O.V. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Beresteiskyi Ave., 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Shykhnenko M.O. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Beresteiskyi Ave., 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Korotin S.M. ,   Ivan Chernyakhovsky National Defense University of Ukraine, Povitrianykh Syl Ave., 28, Kyiv, 03049, Ukraine
Published: October 2024

The principles of multi-level output voltage control of an autonomous power supply system implemented on the basis of a three-phase constant speed self-excited induction generator with a regulated source of reactive power connected to the stator terminals and containing both a multi-modular electronic power converter and excitation capacitors are proposed. To regulate the voltage of the specified system, a stator voltage oriented vector control algorithm has been developed. Using the developed dynamic simulation model, numerical investigations of electromechanical processes in the system supplying RL-load of the local consumers were carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed principles of voltage control and the proposed vector control algorithm of the generator. The main advantages of applying multi-module electronic power converters in autonomous power supply systems using a self-excited induction generator with a short circuited rotor winding and an electronic power converter connected to the stator terminals for reactive power control are noted. References 10, figures 3, table 1.
UNIVERSAL MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF AN AUTONOMOUS ASYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR WITH CAPACITOR SELF-EXCITATION
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University,  St. Bandera str., 12, Lviv, 79013, Ukraine, Hoholyuk O.P. , Gogolyuk P.F. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University,  St. Bandera str., 12, Lviv, 79013, Ukraine
Published: October 2024

A universal mathematical model of an autonomous asynchronous generator with capacitor self-excitation in retarded phase coordinates is proposed, taking into account the electromagnetic connections between the windings of the stator and rotor phases, saturation of the main magnetic circuit, and active power losses in the magnetic circuit elements. The model provides an opportunity to analyze stable periodic modes and transient electromagnetic and electromechanical processes in autonomous power supply systems with arbitrary switching schemes of its elements and asynchronous generators. The model provides the possibility of taking into account the residual magnetization of the magnetic circuit of an asynchronous generator and the change in rotor speed during the course of the self-excitation process of an asynchronous generator with a grounded neutral of the stator winding and an asymmetric load. References 10, figures 2.
Alexandr Blok – umění a humanizmus
Authors: Vorel Jan
Published: October 2024

The aim of the study is to interpret the work of art and the essayistic work of the “younger generation symbolist” Alexander Blok. The attention is paid to Blok’s aesthetic-philosophical conception of art. In his works, the author also tries to identify the principles that formed human civilization and culture as the harmonic whole and the principles which can lead to a disruption of that unity.
Stereotyp w słusznej sprawie, czyli „brulionowa” podróż na południe
Authors: Suliga Jakub
Published: October 2024

The article concerns the Polish stereotype of the Czech and its transformation with the help of literature. An analysis of illegal periodicals has shown that in the 1980s there were two strategies at work in Polish samizdat: the first attempted to adapt the Czechs to the Polish autostereotype, which was a contradiction of the way Poles perceived their southern neighbours. The second strategy was presented by the magazine “brulion”, which broke away from the dominant samizdat model of an ‘engaged press’. The Czech presented in “brulion” fit the stereotype existing in Poland, but, paradoxically, they thus became closer to Poles – the creators and readers of the Krakow magazine, who rejected the heroic autostereotype.
Лексема Бог и её толкование в современном русском языке (определение и фразеология)
Authors: Плеcник Лyкаш , Стeнхлaкoвa Моникa
Published: October 2024

This article is devoted to the lexeme God in modern Russian. The article deals with individual definitions of this lexeme based on ten explanatory dictionaries of the Russian language. The dictionaries of pre-revolutionary Russia, the Soviet period and modern times are presented. All dictionary entries are carefully considered, separate interpretations of the lexeme God are analyzed, a detailed analysis of the phraseological apparatus is made. At the end of the article, a concise presentation of the problem under study is given
Faunistic notes on the noctuoid moths (Lepidoptera, Noctuoidea) in the Lucchese Apennines of Tuscany, Italy
Authors: Cicero Maila , Ghesini Silvia , Marini Mario , Bonfitto Antonio
Published: October 2024

Insects have been used as indicators of the state of environmental quality due to their ecological characteristics and role at many different trophic levels. In parcticular, moths are used as indicators to monitor the recovery of vegetation following environmental stress or as early warnings to measure the effects of environmental change at a local scale. For this type of evaluation, timed series of catch data from the same areas are of fundamental importance as reference data. Here we report the results of a year of sampling in areas of the Lucchese Apennines in Tuscany, Italy. These sites were previously sampled in the late 1970s. The results of this annotated list of species show a decrease in the number of species present in the study area that is not compensated by new records not sampled in the past.
The fabrication of freestanding complex oxide membranes: Can we avoid using water?
Authors: Park Dae-Sung , Pryds Nini
Published: October 2024

Recent advances in fabricating scalable two-dimensional or freestanding functional materials have shown promise for their use in modern silicon-based electronics and future technologies. A growing interest is in creating freestanding complex oxide membranes using new methods like epitaxial lift-off and mechanical exfoliation to enhance their quality and integrity. Despite these advances, it remains challenging to consistently produce high-quality freestanding oxide membranes on a large scale for practical use. This perspective paper provides an overview of release-and-transfer techniques for fabricating freestanding single-crystalline complex oxide layers, which are initially grown epitaxially. Specifically, we systematically explore the advantages and disadvantages of water-assisted exfoliation of freestanding oxide layers, which have been widely adopted using a water-soluble sacrificial layer in recent years. Furthermore, we compare this approach with other methods to navigate future directions in oxide layer transfer technology, considering material selections, fabrication processes, and functionalization strategies.

Graphical abstract