bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Competitive Adsorption of MicroRNA-1297 Between Metastasis-Associated Lung Adenocarcinoma Transcript 1 and E2F Transcription Factor 7 on the Proliferation of the Neuroblastoma Cell Line LA-N-5 Human Neuroblastoma Cell
Authors: Dai Wei , Lin Yan , Gao Sheng , Bi Peng Cheng , He Jin Hua , Li Shi Yun
Published: August 2022

Objective: To investigate: (1) the role of metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) in neuroblastoma cell proliferation and; (2) molecular mechanisms underlying the effect. Methods: The cell lines SH-SY5Y, SK-N-SH, and LA-N-5 (neuroblastomas)
and the cell line HEK-293 (embryonic kidney) were cultured in vitro. We performed reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction to verify relative gene expressions; WST-8 assay to determine cell proliferation; colony formation assay to analyze cell clonogenic capacity; and western
blotting to assess relative protein expressions. Dual-fluorescent reporters were constructed to verify gene–gene interactions. Results: MALAT1 expression was highest in LA-N-5. Decreased MALAT1 expression in LA-N-5 cells effectively inhibited proliferation, increased
microRNA (miR)-1297 expression, and decreased E2F transcription factor 7 (E2F7) expression. MALAT1 bound to miR-1297, which then bound to E2F7–both in a targeted manner. Conclusion: MALAT1 acts as an miR-1297 sponge, abolishing the inhibitory actions of miR-1297
on E2F7 translation and ultimately affecting neuroblastoma cell proliferation. Our findings are consistent with the potential of targeting MALAT1 in neuroblastoma treatment.
Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Inhibit Prostate Cancer Cell Proliferation and Promote Apoptosis
Authors: Fu Jun , Ma Yinfeng
Published: August 2022

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have the potential to multipolarize and closely related to cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis. This study investigated the mechanism by how BMSCs interacts with ERK1/2 signaling pathway to regulate PC cell growth. PC cells were implanted
into rats to establish animal model of PC and then administered with normal saline, BMSCs, BMSCoverexpressed miR-21, and miR-21 inhibitor U0126 (control group, BMSCs group, BMSCs+ERK1/2 group, and U0126+BMSCs+ERK1/2 group) followed by analysis of weight and tumor volume, colony formation assay,
proliferation and apoptosis as well as the expression of ERK1/2 signaling proteins and miR-21. Treatment with BMSCs and BMSCs+ERK1/2 significantly suppressed tumor growth. The tumor volume of rats in the U0126+BMSCs+ERK1/2 group was lowest among all groups (p < 0.05). Compared with
control group, BMSCs group had the less number of clone formation, but more than U0126+BMSCs+ERK1/2 group (p < 0.05). U0126+BMSCs+ERK1/2 group had the least number of clone formation. As BMSCs treatment promoted PC cell apoptosis and suppressed cell cycle, overexpression of miR-21
reduced apoptosis and accelerated cell cycle which was abolished by addition of U0126. U0126+BMSCs+ERK1/2 group and BMSCs+ERK1/2 group had lowest and highest expression of miR-21, respectively. Highest tERK1 and tERK2 levels were found in control group and highest p-ERK1 and p-ERK2 levels
in BMSCs+ERK1/2 groups. The protein levels of tERK1, tERK2, p-ERK1 and p-ERK2 upon treatment with BMSCs were higher that of U0126+BMSCs+ERK1/2 group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, BMSCs decelerate cell cycle, inhibit cell proliferation and promote apoptosis of PC cells via regulation
of ERK1/2 signaling and reverse the impact of miR-21 on PC cells.
Astragaloside IV Improve Neurological Function of Cerebral Ischemia
Authors: Zhang Wei , Ye Lun , Fang Hairong
Published: August 2022

This study intends to assess astragaloside IV’s effect on neurological function in mice cerebral ischemia model. The mouse model of cerebral ischemia was established by photochemistry and then assigned into sham operation group (photochemical building do not accept cold light
irradiation) and control group (10 ug/ml by intraperitoneal injection of saline solution), drug group (10 ug/ml by intraperitoneal injection of Astragaloside IV) followed by analysis of neurological severity, cerebral infarction area, loss of neurons, glial cell activation and the activities
of LC3, Beclin1, Caspase-3, P62 and mTOR by Western Blot. The neurons in cerebral infarction were missing and marginal area and penumbra appeared. The tissue in cerebral infarction became white, and the modeling was successful. The drug group showed significantly reduced scores and decreased
infarct area of brain tissue compared with control group on day 14, 21 and 28 (P < 0.05). TUNEL staining showed increased number of TUNEL cells at the ischemic edge in the drug group (0.35±0.07)% (P < 0.05), while the IBAL staining of (27.12±3.01)% and GFAP
staining of (0.08±0.02)% in the drug group showed significant inhibition of astrocytes (P < 0.05). The activity of LC3, Beclin1, Caspase-3 and P62 in drug group was inhibited, while the activity of mTOR was promoted. In conclusion, Astragaloside IV improves the balance ability
and the neural function of cerebral ischemia repair in mice model.
Effect of Short Dental Implant Material on Bone Stress: AnIn VitroFinite Element Analysis
Authors: Al Qahtani Waleed M. S.
Published: August 2022

Aim:Using finite element analysis, determine the influence of short dental implant material on surrounding bone stresses.Material and Methods:One simplified model was created for a short implant of 4.8×4.8×4 mm placed vertically in simplified bone geometry to support dummy crown fixed by 50micron resin cement layer. Three materials were tested as an implant material, Zirconia, Titanium, and 30% CFR-PEEK. Components of the 3D model were prepared on engineering CAD/CAM software accumulated under ANSYS modeling for finite element analysis. The model was subjected to two loading cases as; 100 N compressive load and 50 N Oblique (45°), both at the central fossa.Results:Under the applied loads, all values of total deformations and Von Mises stresses that developed during the current investigation were within physiological limits. Under both loading cases, changing the implant material from Zirconia to titanium to Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) decreased Von Mises stress values in the implant, cortical, and cancellous bone. The cement layer, abutment, and connecting screws all showed signs of growth.Conclusion:Zirconia and Titanium can replace each other as short implant material. In addition, 30% CFR-PEEK can also be used as short implant material with minor acceptable stress differences.
MiR-124-3p Reduces Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis Rats Through Regulating Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 Pathway
Authors: Li Qifa , Peng Wanwan , Huang Xiaohua
Published: August 2022

We aimed to study the effect of miR-124-3p on postmenopausal osteoporosis (POP) rats through regulating the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway. Rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group and miR-124-3p antagomir group. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assay (ELISA) was performed to determine the levels of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK) and osteoprotegerin (OPG). BMD of femur was significantly lower in model group and miR-124-3p antagomir group than that in normal group at 12 weeks after modeling, while it was
significantly higher in miR-124-3p antagomir group than that in model group. Positive expression of BMP2 was obviously higher in miR-124-3p antagomir group than that in model group. Protein expression of p-STAT3 was evidently lower in miR-124-3p antagomir group than that in model group. Besides,
POP rats have significantly increased level of miR-124-3p compared with that in normal group. In model group and miR-124-3p antagomir group, the content of OPG was remarkably lower, and the content of RANK was remarkably higher than those in normal group. In miR-124-3p antagomir group, the
content of OPG was remarkably higher, and RANK was remarkably lower than those in model group. MiR-124-3p reduces BMD in POP rats through up-regulating the STAT3 pathway.
Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Like 2 Promotes the Invasion and Migration of Osteosarcoma by Regulating Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 4
Authors: Jing Zhan , Yang Jiaqi , Liang Zhihui , Du Wenyan , Yu Tao , Wei Wei
Published: August 2022

We aimed to explore the expression characteristics of HSDL2 in osteosarcoma (OS) as well as the underlying mechanism. A total of 42 OS patients’ tissue samples were collected. HSDL2 level was markedly higher in OS tissues as well as OS cell lines. Besides, patients with high HSDL2
expression had a higher incidence of distant metastasis and a lower overall survival rate. Furthermore, the ability of OS cells to proliferate, invade and metastasize was markedly reduced after HSDL2 knockdown; however, the overexpression of HSDL2 could markedly increase the proliferative,
invasive and metastasis ability of OS cells. In addition, HSDL2 can target FGFR4. Furthermore, FGFR4 expression was markedly decreased after HSDL2 knockdown, besides, HSDL2 and FGFR4 expressions were positively correlated in OS tissues. In addition, the recovery experiments suggested that
HSDL2 and FGFR4 had a mutual regulation, thereby jointly promoting the invasive and migration ability of OS. HSDL2 expression was markedly increased in OS tissues as well as OS cell lines, which was markedly related to distant metastasis along with poor prognosis of OS patients. Besides, HSDL2
may promote OS progression by increasing the FGFR4 expression.
Long Noncoding RNA-5657 Inhibits the Proliferation of Pancreatic Cells and Insulin Secretion in Gestational Diabetes by Inhibiting the NADPH Oxidase 4 (NOX4)
Authors: Dong Qingqing , Zhang Xiaohong , Zhang Min
Published: August 2022

Multiple comorbidities are observed during pregnancy and there are many challenges for pregnant women with a previous history of diabetes. Pancreatic β-cell dysfunction is associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This study intends to explore LncRNA-5657’s
effect on proapoptotic cell proliferation and insulin secretion in gestational diabetes. Real-time quantitative fluorescence PCR measured LncRNA-5657 expression in GDM patient placental tissues along with analysis of cell activity, proliferation and insulin secretion by MTT assay, BrdU staining
and ELISA. The relation between LncRNA-5657 and NOX4 was assessed by dual luciferase reporter assay. LncRNA-5657 was overexpressed in placental tissue of GDM patients compared to normal pregnant women. LncRNA-5657 overexpression promoted cell proliferation and insulin secretion, which was
reversed by LncRNA-5657 downregulation. In addition, LncRNA-5657 negatively regulated NOX4 expression. Overexpression of NOX4 abolished the effect of LncRNA-5657 mimics on pancreatic β-cells, and knockdown of LncRNA-5657 promoted insulin secretion by upregulating NOX4 expression.
In conclusion, LncRNA-5657 inhibits insulin secretion and β-cell proliferation by targeting NOX4, indicating that LncRNA-5657 might be a novel target for the treatment of GDM.
Reconstruction of Rabbit Anterior Cruciate Ligament by Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Implantation Through a Weft-Knitted Silk Mesh Scaffold Covering a Whip-Shaped Core
Authors: Tang Liang , Zhu Lian , Zhao Si-Yu , Zhang Wen-Yuan , Li Yue-Zhong
Published: August 2022

To investigate the feasibility of using whip core wrapped by silk weft knitted mesh sheath as a scaffold and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to reconstruct the rabbit anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), BMSC implantation using the mesh-whip scaffold was performed to
construct a BMSC-scaffold complex. Then, the BMSC-scaffold complex was implanted into an animal model of an ACL deficient rabbit. Regenerated ACLs were then taken from the animal model three and six months after implantation, followed by hematoxylin-eosin and Masson staining, quantitative
RT-PCR detection, as well as mechanical performance evaluation. The results showed that many Sharpey’s fibers had arranged regularly between the neo-ACL and the bone three months after surgery, and an interface structure formed six months after surgery. Regenerated ligaments contained
silk fibers and suficient collagen. Type I collagen, type III collagen, and tenascin-C were all highly expressed in the experimental group compared to the control group (no BMSC implantation) in the regenerated ligaments. In addition, the maximum pullout force values of neo-ACL in the three-
and six-month experimental groups were 70.6±17.8 N and 122.8±25.7 N, respectively. The findings suggest that BMSC implantation using the mesh-whip scaffold is a promising method to reconstruct rabbit ACL.
Archetypal Analysis of Geophysical Data Illustrated by Sea Surface Temperature
Authors: Black Amanda S. , Monselesan Didier P. , Risbey James S. , Sloyan Bernadette M. , Chapman Christopher C. , Hannachi Abdelwaheb , Richardson Doug , Squire Dougal T. , Tozer Carly R. , Trendafilov Nikolay
Published: August 2022

The ability to find and recognize patterns in high-dimensional geophysical data is fundamental to climate science and critical for meaningful interpretation of weather and climate processes. Archetypal analysis (AA) is one technique that has recently gained traction in the geophysical science community for its ability to find patterns based on extreme conditions. While traditional empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis can reveal patterns based on data covariance, AA seeks patterns from the points located at the edges of the data distribution. The utility of any objective pattern method depends on the properties of the data to which it is applied and the choices made in implementing the method. Given the relative novelty of the application of AA in geophysics it is important to develop experience in applying the method. We provide an assessment of the method, implementation, sensitivity, and interpretation of AA with respect to geophysical data. As an example for demonstration, we apply AA to a 39-yr sea surface temperature (SST) reanalysis dataset. We show that the decisions made to implement AA can significantly affect the interpretation of results, but also, in the case of SST, that the analysis is exceptionally robust under both spatial and temporal coarse graining.

Significance Statement

Archetypal analysis (AA), when applied to geophysical fields, is a technique designed to find typical configurations or modes in underlying data. This technique is relatively new to the geophysical science community and has been shown to be beneficial to the interpretation of extreme modes of the climate system. The identification of extreme modes of variability and their expression in day-to-day weather or state of the climate at longer time scales may help in elucidating the interplay between major teleconnection drivers and their evolution in a changing climate. The purpose of this work is to bring together a comprehensive report of the AA methodology using an SST reanalysis for demonstration. It is shown that the AA results are significantly affected by each implementation decision, but also can be resilient to spatiotemporal averaging. Any application of AA should provide a clear documentation of the choices made in applying the method.
Global Mesoscale Ocean Variability from Multiyear Altimetry: An Analysis of the Influencing Factors
Authors: Yu Yao , Gille Sarah T. , Sandwell David T. , McAuley Julian
Published: August 2022

Sea surface slope (SSS) responds to oceanic processes and other environmental parameters. This study aims to identify the parameters that influence SSS variability. We use SSS calculated from multiyear satellite altimeter observations and focus on small resolvable scales in the 30–100-km wavelength band. First, we revisit the correlation of mesoscale ocean variability with seafloor roughness as a function of depth, as proposed by Gille et al. Our results confirm that in shallow water there is statistically significant positive correlation between rough bathymetry and surface variability, whereas the opposite is true in the deep ocean. In the next step, we assemble 27 features as input variables to fit the SSS with a linear regression model and a boosted trees regression model, and then we make predictions. Model performance metrics for the linear regression model are R2 = 0.381 and mean square error = 0.010 μrad2. For the boosted trees model, R2 = 0.563 and mean square error = 0.007 μrad2. Using the hold-out data, we identify the most important influencing factors to be the distance to the nearest thermocline boundary, significant wave height, mean dynamic topography gradient, and M2 tidal speed. However, there are individual regions, that is, the Amazon outflow, that cannot be predicted by our model, suggesting that these regions are governed by processes that are not represented in our input features. The results highlight both the value of machine learning and its shortcomings in identifying mechanisms governing oceanic phenomena.
Automated Identification of Characteristic Droplet Size Distributions in Stratocumulus Clouds Utilizing a Data Clustering Algorithm
Authors: Allwayin Nithin , Larsen Michael L. , Shaw Alexander G. , Shaw Raymond A.
Published: August 2022

Droplet-level interactions in clouds are often parameterized by a modified gamma fitted to a “global” droplet size distribution. Do “local” droplet size distributions of relevance to microphysical processes look like these average distributions? This paper describes an algorithm to search and classify characteristic size distributions within a cloud. The approach combines hypothesis testing, specifically, the Kolmogorov–Smirnov (KS) test, and a widely used class of machine learning algorithms for identifying clusters of samples with similar properties: density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) is used as the specific example for illustration. The two-sample KS test does not presume any specific distribution, is parameter free, and avoids biases from binning. Importantly, the number of clusters is not an input parameter of the DBSCAN-type algorithms but is independently determined in an unsupervised fashion. As implemented, it works on an abstract space from the KS test results, and hence spatial correlation is not required for a cluster. The method is explored using data obtained from the Holographic Detector for Clouds (HOLODEC) deployed during the Aerosol and Cloud Experiments in the Eastern North Atlantic (ACE-ENA) field campaign. The algorithm identifies evidence of the existence of clusters of nearly identical local size distributions. It is found that cloud segments have as few as one and as many as seven characteristic size distributions. To validate the algorithm’s robustness, it is tested on a synthetic dataset and successfully identifies the predefined distributions at plausible noise levels. The algorithm is general and is expected to be useful in other applications, such as remote sensing of cloud and rain properties.

Significance Statement

A typical cloud can have billions of drops spread over tens or hundreds of kilometers in space. Keeping track of the sizes, positions, and interactions of all of these droplets is impractical, and, as such, information about the relative abundance of large and small drops is typically quantified with a “size distribution.” Droplets in a cloud interact locally, however, so this work is motivated by the question of whether the cloud droplet size distribution is different in different parts of a cloud. A new method, based on hypothesis testing and machine learning, determines how many different size distributions are contained in a given cloud. This is important because the size distribution describes processes such as cloud droplet growth and light transmission through clouds.
A Method for Correcting Staggered Pulse Repetition Time (PRT) and Dual Pulse Repetition Frequency (PRF) Processor Errors in Research Radar Datasets
Authors: Alford A. Addison , Biggerstaff Michael I. , Ziegler Conrad L. , Jorgensen David P. , Carrie Gordon D.
Published: August 2022

Mobile weather radars at high frequencies (C, X, K, and W bands) often collect data using staggered pulse repetition time (PRT) or dual pulse repetition frequency (PRF) modes to extend the effective Nyquist velocity and mitigate velocity aliasing while maintaining a useful maximum unambiguous range. These processing modes produce widely dispersed “processor” dealiasing errors in radial velocity estimates. The errors can also occur in clusters in high shear areas. Removing these errors prior to quantitative analysis requires tedious manual editing and often produces “holes” or regions of missing data in high signal-to-noise areas. Here, data from three mobile weather radars were used to show that the staggered PRT errors are related to a summation of the two Nyquist velocities associated with each of the PRTs. Using observations taken during a mature mesoscale convective system, a landfalling tropical cyclone, and a tornadic supercell storm, an algorithm to automatically identify and correct staggered PRT processor errors has been developed and tested. The algorithm creates a smooth profile of Doppler velocities using a Savitzky–Golay filter independently in radius and azimuth and then combined. Errors are easily identified by comparing the velocity at each range gate to its smoothed counterpart and corrected based on specific error characteristics. The method improves past dual PRF correction methods that were less successful at correcting “grouped” errors. Given the success of the technique across low, moderate, and high radial shear regimes, the new method should improve research radar analyses by affording the ability to retain as much data as possible rather than manually or objectively removing erroneous velocities.
On experiments of a novel unsupervised deep learning based rotor balancing method
Authors: Li Liqing , Zhong Shun , Chen Huizheng , Lu Zhenyong
Published: August 2022

Rotor dynamic balancing is essential in rotor industrial. The conventional balancing methods, including the influence coefficients method and modal balancing method, are effective, but lack economy and sufficient usage of the data. To overcome the disadvantages of the conventional balancing methods, a balancing method using unsupervised deep learning without weight trails had been proposed. The proposed network could identify the unbalanced forces from the data observed from just one run of the rotor and without labels. To validate the novel balancing method, an experimental rig is well-designed and established. Experimental validation and comparison with influence coefficients method are conducted. The experimental results show that the proposed balancing method gives consideration to both cost and accuracy. Compared with influence coefficients method, no extra weight trail process is needed and balancing performances are comparative. The experimental rig can be used for proving the scheme and for further same kind of research.
Comprehensive selective improvements in agri-informatics semantics
Authors: Ishaq Muhammad , Khan Abdullah , Asim Muhammad , Khan Asfandyar , Iqbal Bangash Javed
Published: August 2022

The advent of information technology re-innovates all sectors of bio-sciences. Researchers use Semantic Web to improve web searching, mining and integration, which alleviates the time-consuming task of finding relevant and high-quality content. Semantics is improved through ontology engineering in any domain. Amended and developed ontologies will be uploaded to existing standardised and approved biomedical repositories. The establishment of a World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) approved and standardised ontology repository is the most ambitious goal. This work will solely focus on some selected agri-ontologies. The main objective is to promote outcome-based research and transformation styles of relevant expertise sharing. The intended goal is to win project funding to train and equip students with relevant skills and expertise. Need-based and market-oriented training and professional grooming are a tangible asset for students. The majority of traditional Web development freelancers are unaware of ontology or semantic web market demand. Freelancing is another option for expert Ontology developers. However, agriculture students are used to all the research vocabulary and terminologies in their area, but they do not know how to contribute their expertise to improve the efficiency of the Semantic Web in their domain. If the improvement in relevant ontology becomes a part of the Semantic Web, then it is termed ‘Real-time Web semantics enhancement’. In other words, the target ontology becomes a part of the future Web of meaning.
Utopia or dystopia: On Eastern European Marxist insights into science and technology in aesthetics
Authors: Qilin Fu
Published: August 2022

This paper discusses Eastern European Marxists’ consideration of science and technology concerning aesthetic dimensions. Different from most of Western Marxists who take negative or dystopian attitudes towards modern science and technology from the aesthetic utopian perspective, those Marxists who come from countries such as Hungary, Yugoslav, Poland, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Bulgaria or Romania, which once belonged to the socialist camp, under the influence of Soviet and Western culture, pay attention to the complicated tension between science-technology and aesthetics. In this paper, I probe into these notions by reading György Lukács, Budapest School, Romanian theorists and the Yugoslav Praxis Group, which are divided into four key points: basic nature of science in contrast with arts; modern tension of culture between science and arts; the possibility of scientific aesthetics; and development of arts in the world of technology. There is a dialectical understanding of science and technology here which contributes to contemporary recognition of science and technology from the point of view of neo-humanism, not only in aesthetics but also human existence. This is relevant to theoretical reflection on the present and future Chinese socialist aesthetics.
“In vitro” evaluation of bacterial biofilm formation on different cerclage systems
Authors: Veloso Margarita , Lopez Yuli , Bernaus Martí , Gabasa Yaiza , Angles Francesc , Font-Vizcarra Lluis , Soto Sara
Published: August 2022

Cerclage wiring may be used for fracture fixation or osteotomy stabilization in revision arthroplasty. There is a lack of evidence regarding the potential risk of bacterial colonization for the different types of cerclages. The objective of our research is to study the adhesion and biofilm formation of S. epidermidis, S. aureus, and P. aeruginosa on two different cerclage cable models, comparing a polymer cable and a stainless steel metal cable. A two-cm cerclage piece of each material was submerged in 2 mL of tryptic soy broth (TSB) inoculated with 10 μL of a 0.5 McFarland bacterial culture, and incubated at 37°C during 2 h for adhesion and 48 h for biofilm formation. The cerclages were washed with 1xPBS and sonicated in a new culture medium. Aliquots of several dilutions of each sonicated culture were spread in TSB agar and incubated at 37°C for 24 h. The number of colonies was counted. The colony-forming units per ml (CFU/mL) and the percentage of reduction were calculated. Experiments were triplicated. For P. aeruginosa, a statistically significant reduction in biofilm formation was found on the polymer cerclage cable, compared to the metal cerclage cable. Reductions of 59% and 88%, after 2 h and 48 h, respectively, were observed. For S. epidermis and S. aureus, there was a trend towards lower bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation for the polymer cerclage cable. In summary, these results demonstrate that the braided polymer cerclage cable may be less prone to bacterial adherence and biofilm formation compared to the braided metal cerclage cable.
Interaction Rituals at Content Trade Fairs: A Microfoundation of Cultural Markets
Authors: Gebesmair Andreas , Musik Christoph
Published: August 2022

In this article, we show how ritualized periodic encounters of business partners help to reproduce business relations and a shared understanding of doing business based on ethnographic fieldwork at six international trade fairs in three different cultural industries. We draw on Randall Collins’ theory of interaction rituals (IRs), which highlights the relevance of emotional contacts in social life. Although Collins’ theory and his conceptional instruments help to shed light on a neglected aspect in the sociology of markets, our results go beyond his ethological interpretation of interactions. First, we conclude that Collins underestimates the direct impact of the uneven distribution of economic resources on IRs. Second, we observed not only emotional entrainment in IRs but also the strategic production of emotions.
Phenytoin Induced Drug Reaction With Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms Syndrome: A Clinical Case Report
Authors: Varghese Arshamol , Alosious Aaja , Thomas Rimisha , Surendran Kavya , Vilapurathu Jobin K.
Published: August 2022

Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome is a rare and potentially life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction with cutaneous presentation and internal organ involvement. We herein present a case of phenytoin induced DRESS syndrome in a 56- year-old male who presented with high-grade fever and chills, cough with expectoration and generalized maculopapular rash. Laboratory findings revealed eosinophilia, leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, transaminitis and elevated inflammatory markers. Further clinical, radiological and histopathological assessments confirmed the diagnosis. Phenytoin was discontinued, and patient was started on intravenous dexamethasone, which was later switched to oral prednisone. Rapid resolution of fever, eosinophilia and progressive improvement in skin rash and liver dysfunction was observed. Our report highlights the importance of prompt recognition of DRESS syndrome and the need for a guideline directed therapy for the management of this adverse drug reaction.
Predictors of Nonprofit Ethno-Racial Diversity: Examining Local Community Demographics and Political Ideology
Authors: Rolf Skylar , Tuggle Chris , Schlachter Steven D. , Sessler Bernstein Ruth
Published: August 2022

Although the practitioner and the academic literatures both note the importance of ethno-racial diversity in the nonprofit sector, we pursue a better understanding of this sector’s ethno-racial diversity dynamics by exploring the drivers of ethno-racial diversity at multiple organizational hierarchy levels—boards of directors, executive staff teams, and full-time staff. Using data from nonprofit organizations participating in Candid’s Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion initiative, we find evidence that upward mobility for ethno-racial minority group members remains limited. Our findings also indicate a positive relationship between ethno-racial diversity in a nonprofit’s local community and ethno-racial diversity at each organizational hierarchy level. This relationship is partially mediated by the political liberalness of the local community, with the strongest mediating effects at the board of directors and executive staff organizational levels. This partial mediation suggests that the local environment’s tolerance of societal hierarchies and unequal outcomes may be related to nonprofit organizational diversity, equity, and inclusion efforts.
“I’m Not Doing It for the Company”: Examining Employee Volunteering Through Employees’ Eyes
Authors: Cook Joanne , Burchell Jon , Thiery Harriet , Roy Taposh
Published: August 2022

This article contributes to research on employee volunteering (EV) by focusing on the experiences of individuals to address the current overemphasis upon collective organizational outcomes. Drawing on qualitative research with employees and corporate social responsibility managers across seven companies, it demonstrates why employees’ experiences are central to understanding the complex mechanisms that link EV with organizational outcomes. The article reveals how both positive and negative organizational outcomes are influenced by the complex relationship between personal motivations and employees’ volunteering experiences—within their organization and within their community—combined with their broader reflexive interpretation of their employing organization and its values.
Gauge widening failures of wagon wheels in Indian Railways: Finite element modeling and observed statistics
Authors: S Sundareswaran , Vakkalagadda MRK , Racherla V , A Senthil Kumar , Vineesh KP
Published: August 2022

There were many gauge widening cases identified in wagon wheels of Indian Railways during the past decade, but no investigation was conducted to analyse the failures. The present work aims to investigate the main cause of failures in wagon wheels due to gauge widening. A train running model is used to estimate heat generation at wheel and brake block interface. A finite element model is used to estimate temperature and stress state in the wheel during heat treatment, wheel and axle fitment, and braking. Heat partition between brake blocks and wheel is considered for the analysis. Further, heat losses to the environment because of convection and radiation are also incorporated in the model. The wheel gauge reduces during the braking process and the permanent wheel gauge increases during the cooling process. Permanent wheel gauge increases with non-uniformity in braking and a higher frequency of braking.
Acculturation, Physical Activity, and Metabolic Syndrome in Asian American Adults
Authors: Sheng Jingxi , Abshire Demetrius A. , Heiney Sue P. , Wirth Michael D.
Published: August 2022

Introduction:

Asian Americans (AsAms) have a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and are one of the least physically active racial groups in America. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between MetS and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) among AsAm adults and whether acculturation modifies this relationship.

Method:

Data were from 2,259 AsAms participating in the 2011–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Physical activity (PA) was self-reported as minutes of weekly MVPA. Acculturation included nativity, length of residency in America, and language preference. The International Diabetes Federation criteria was used to determine the presence of MetS.

Results:

About 64.4% of AsAms did not meet the PA recommendation (MVPA ≥150 min/week). The prevalence of MetS was 39.2%. The odds of having MetS were greater among AsAms who did not meet MVPA recommendations compared with those who did meet MVPA recommendations (odds ratio [OR] = 1.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.11, 2.07]). When stratified by acculturation, this association remained statistically significant in the groups who immigrated to America more than 15 years ago and who spoke English only.

Conclusion:

MVPA reduces MetS risk in AsAm adults, especially among more acculturated AsAms. Culturally adapted programs are warranted to promote PA and adequate knowledge of disease prevention in this population.
Brief Adjustment Scale–6 for Measurement-Based Care: Psychometric Properties, Measurement Invariance, and Clinical Utility
Authors: Ko Hayoung , Shin Jaehyun , Cooper Lee D.
Published: August 2022

The Brief Adjustment Scale–6 (BASE-6) was recently developed for measuring general psychological functioning within measurement-based care (MBC). The present study further evaluated psychometric properties, generalizability to race/ethnic populations, and clinical utility of the BASE-6. Three adult samples, Sample 1: online community participants ( n = 394); Sample 2: college students ( n = 249); Sample 3: outpatient clinic clients ( n = 80), were included. The results demonstrated a high level of internal consistency, good test–retest reliability, and convergent validity in all samples. The unidimensional structure of BASE-6 was confirmed and factorial invariance was established across groups. Finally, the BASE-6 captured change over time by demonstrating a large effect size of pre–post treatment changes and significant linear change in multilevel growth modeling. These results support the BASE-6 as a reliable and valid measure regardless of race/ethnicity and can sensitively detect clinical change over the course of the treatment. Thus, the BASE-6 appears to accurately monitor overall psychological adjustment.
Mehran 2 Contrast-Associated Acute Kidney Injury Risk Score: Is it Applicable to the Asian Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Population?
Authors: Guo Ying , Xu Xue , Xue Yunjing , Zhao Chunling , Zhang Xiaohong , Cai Hongfu
Published: August 2022

Contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) can occur after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The Mehran score is the gold standard for predicting CA-AKI risk, and it has recently been updated. The Mehran 2 CA-AKI risk score, based on existing variables in patients undergoing PCI, can accurately differentiate the risk of CA-AKI. This study aimed to verify whether the new Mehran score is applicable to the Asian PCI population. The study included the clinical data of 2487 patients undergoing PCI from August 2020 to February 2022. The goodness-of-fit test (Hosmer-Lemeshow) was used to evaluate the correction ability of the Mehran 2 score, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the accuracy of the Mehran 2 score in predicting CA-AKI. CA-AKI occurred in 28 of 2487 patients, with an incidence rate of 1.12%. The proportion of high risk factors for AKI in the cohort was lower than that in the Mehran 2 cohort (a large contemporary PCI cohort to develop the Mehran 2 score). The Mehran 2 risk score had excellent goodness-of-fit (χ2 = 5.320, df = 6, P = 0.503) and high predictive accuracy (area under the ROC curve 0.836, P < 0.0001). The Mehran 2 score shows good predictive and correction performance in the Asian population and has good clinical application value. The inclusion of the Mehran 2 risk score in patients hospitalised for coronary angiography appears to be good practice.
Same-site trabeculectomy with mitomycin and Ologen™ following failed non-penetrating deep sclerectomy
Authors: Muñoz-Negrete FJ , Aguado-Casanova V , Huelin FJ , Rebolleda G
Published: August 2022

Purpose

To assess the effectiveness and safety of same-site trabeculectomy (TRAB) with mitomycin C (MMC) and Ologen™ (Aeon Astron Europe BV. Leiden, The Netherlands) in patients with a failed non-penetrating deep sclerectomy (NPDS).

Methods

A retrospective study of 24 consecutive eyes (22 patients) undergoing reintervention by same-site TRAB with at least one-year follow-up after failed NPDS. Mean visual acuity (VA), intraocular pressure (IOP) and use of glaucoma medications were compared before and one year after surgery. Early and late postoperative complications were registered. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed according to four levels of success criteria.

Results

Overall the mean IOP reduced significantly (24.9 ± 7.1 vs. 14.4 ± 4.5 mmHg; p < 0.001), and the number of glaucoma medications (2.80 ± 1.01 vs. 0.55 ± 0.94; p < 0.001) significantly decreased, one year after surgery. The mean VA remained stable one year after surgery ( p = 0.516). Hypotony, defined as IOP ≤ 5 mmHg, in the early postoperative period was observed in 62.5% of eyes, but only in 2 patients (8.33%) in the long term. The mean survival time ranged from 10 months (CI 95% 5–15) to 29 months (CI 95%: 26–32) according to the most stringent and lenient success criteria respectively.

Conclusion

Same-site TRAB augmented with MMC and Ologen™ may provide an effective, safe and lasting alternative following failed NPDS, especially when sparing of the conjunctiva is highly desirable. Postoperative hypotony is the most common postoperative complication.
Exploring typologies of appraisals, involvement, and distress in type 2 diabetes family members
Authors: Novak Josh R , August Kristin J , Kavookjian Jan , Whitley Heather , Burnett Donna
Published: August 2022

The present study conducted a latent profile analysis from a US national sample of 446 family members to identify and predict unique clusters of family members’ PWD illness appraisals, involvement, and psychological distress. Time since diagnosis, diabetes adherence, the relationship with the PWD, age, gender, race/ethnicity, income, and economic pressure were included as predictors. Class membership was used to predict the family members’ own health behaviors (sleep quality, days of physical activity, and diet quality). Results revealed four distinct classes: Moderately Concerned, Involved, and Distressed (32.51%), Least Concerned, Distressed, and Involved (27.13%), Less Concerned and Distressed, Moderately Involved (23.77%), and Most Concerned, Involved, and Distressed (16.82%). The significant predictors and outcomes of class membership revealed interesting patterns in associations with class membership. Consequently, in addition to involving family members, health promotion and intervention efforts must consider the psychological health and illness appraisals of family members rather than a one-size-fits-all approach.
Discourses of writing and learning to write in L2 writing curriculum in Chinese universities
Authors: Yu Shulin , Zhou Yu , Zhang Emily Di
Published: August 2022

While a plethora of research on second language (L2) writing instruction has focused on instructional approaches, teacher feedback and assessment practice, and student learning experiences, little research has examined issues regarding L2 writing curriculum. In particular, L2 writing curriculum discourse, as one important window to probe into the underlying teaching philosophies and beliefs that impact profoundly on the teaching reality, has received limited attention. To address this void, the current study drew on a teaching and learning writing discourse framework to analyse 68 Chinese English as a foreign language (EFL) university writing curriculum documents. The study found that Chinese college EFL writing curricula and instruction present a relatively comprehensive view of writing and learning to write, at least at the document level. Some salient features of the Chinese EFL writing discourse distribution reflect broader Chinese social changes, such as the promotion of the English for academic purposes (EAP) approach and the dominance of the genre-oriented approach. However, some concerns remain about current Chinese EFL writing instruction, such as a lack of creativity discourse, social practice discourse, and sociopolitical discourse, as well as ill-implemented skills discourse and process discourse. Implications for writing curriculum development, instructional approach improvement, and future L2 writing research are discussed.
Exploring Hungarian secondary school English teachers’ beliefs about differentiated instruction
Authors: Zólyomi Anna
Published: August 2022

Differentiated instruction (DI) has shown positive effects on the success of language learning as compared to traditional teaching. Examining teachers’ beliefs pertaining to differentiation is important owing to the fact that teachers’ beliefs shape their pedagogical practices. Therefore, this study is aimed at exploring English teachers’ beliefs on DI and their reported strategies in the Hungarian secondary school context. Altogether 28 English teachers were interviewed between 2019 and 2021 using a semi-structured interview guide, and the constant comparative method was employed to analyse the data. The findings indicate that teachers mostly differentiate based on students’ readiness levels, while a focus on learners’ profiles was scarcely mentioned. The teachers perceived differentiation as an important yet challenging task; additionally, several of them showed low self-efficacy beliefs in DI. A novel DI tool, gamification, was also mentioned. This study concludes that raising the awareness of English teachers about DI with regard to its conceptualisation as well as its possible applications would be imperative in enhancing the effectiveness of language learning and maximising the capacities of each individual.
Perceptual difference of urban public spaces between design professionals and ‘laypersons’: Evidence, health implications and ready-made urban design templates
Authors: Xu Liyan , Zhang Yichi , Li Fu , Yin Jie
Published: August 2022

Urban Public Spaces (UPS) are important arenas for human interaction and social activities, and ensuring their quality and functionality is crucial for a successful urban design with public health benefits. However, mostly for insufficient public participation, user experiences of UPS are usually not what the designers were expecting. Therefore, the urgent need to investigate the difference in UPS perception between design professionals and ‘laypersons’, that is, non-professional users, has been increasingly highlighted. In this paper, we utilize Immersive Virtual Environment (IVE) and physiological measurement tools to obtain empirical observations on the psychological and physiological responses, as well as environmental preferences on UPS of the two groups, compare their perceptual similarities and differences, and consequently analyze the influencing factors and potential mechanisms. We find that the environmental perception of the two groups do differ, with design professionals showing a higher degree of ‘intolerance’ in the quality rating of UPS, and being more sensitive to scene features related to necessary than spontaneous and social activities. The findings reveal structural differences for the two groups in the mechanisms by which environmental features trigger perceptual differences, thus providing new support for designers to prepare ready-made UPS design templates that are evidence-based.
How unique are terrorist suspects? Investigating similarities and differences between terrorist suspects, their siblings, and other suspects
Authors: Thijs Fabienne , Rodermond Elanie , Kleemans Edward , van de Weijer Steve
Published: August 2022

This article contributes to the debate in terrorism research on how unique terrorist suspects (i.e. individuals suspected of crimes with terrorist intent) actually are and whether or not specific theories are necessary to explain their behavior. Our study compares terrorist suspects from the Netherlands with their siblings and nonterrorist suspects to find out whether and how terrorist suspects are unique. Inspired by criminological theories involving social bonds, regression analyses were conducted utilizing registry data on household compositions, socio-economic status (SES), and criminal histories. A key finding is that terrorist suspects seem to have more in common with other suspects than with their siblings; besides prior criminal involvement, no significant differences were found between terrorist suspects and other suspects. Terrorist suspects were significantly less often married, had a lower SES, and were more often previously suspected of crimes as compared to their siblings. Particularly, lacking employment is a differentiating factor for terrorist suspects and siblings. Our findings stress the necessity to investigate in-depth under what circumstances and how a disadvantaged background (e.g. lack of social bonds, criminal history) can lead to becoming a terrorist suspect.