bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Xenonym “laobaixing” in Online Diaspora Discourse
Authors: Wang Yuanying
Published: September 2021

The research aims to consider the semantic evolution of the xenonym “laobaixing”, to identify its main definitions, using the material of discursive practices of the Internet community “A Laowai’s Tales”. Scientific novelty of the research lies in analysing one of the central ethnonyms belonging to the linguistic worldview of the Russian-speaking diaspora of China, which has been little studied up to this point. The work resulted in the identification of the main lexical transformations of the xenonym in the Russian diaspora linguoculture, which is under the influence of the Chinese linguoculture and changing historical realities of Russia-China relations.
Theory of Phonovariant Functional Differentiation: Status Identification
Authors: Goncharova Oxana Vladimirovna
Published: September 2021

The study is devoted to analysing the structural status of intermediate varieties in the space between dialects and the standard language, the purpose is to produce a set of criteria for differentiating a language variant - when the observed features of language use are indeed a new variant and when they are simply dialect features. Scientific novelty lies in developing a mechanism for status identification of a language variant, in introducing a procedure for linguistic profiling of an informant based on the regionality index. As a result, it has been shown that the selected criteria, such as uniformity, covariance, the status of the emic category and markers, are a set necessary for determining the status of a language variant.
Functional and Semantic Peculiarities of a Prepositional-Casal Lexicalized Word-Form “По Ходу” (Along the Way)
Authors: Petrochenko Tatyana Valentinovna
Published: September 2021

The paper aims to reveal semantic, syntactic and communicative-pragmatic peculiarities of a prepositional-casal lexicalized word-form “по ходу” (along the way). The author examines the functioning of the lexeme “по ходу” (along the way) in the modern Russian language, identifies its semantic-syntactic variants. Scientific originality of the study involves justifying multifunctional nature of this lexeme which can perform nominal or auxiliary function manifesting categorial features similar to those of a derivative preposition, adverb, introductory modal word. As a result, it is proved that the lexeme “по ходу” (along the way) not only contributes to dictum component formation, but also determines subjective modality of a sentence.
Metaphor as a Means of L. N. Tolstoy’s Literary and Artistic Creativity (by the Material of the Novel “Anna Karenina”)
Authors: Cheresyuk Polina Andreevna
Published: September 2021

The work aims to examine the linguocreative specificity of metaphor generation in L. N. Tolstoy’s prose. The article ascertains that metaphor is not only a language category but also the result of the writer’s linguocreative activity, metaphorical expressions figuratively convey meanings and possess suggestive characteristics. Scientific novelty is accounted for by the fact that the study of metaphors in L. N. Tolstoy’s prose is carried out from the linguocreative perspectives, which are also the result of the writer’s creative activity. As a result, it is being proved that L. N. Tolstoy’s literary and artistic creativity is realised in an unconventional combination of lexemes, which generates metaphorical images and testifies to the unique linguistic feeling and great skill of the literary artist.
Cultural and Linguistic Transfer in the Setting of Multiculturalism (by the Example of the Republic of Bashkortostan)
Authors: Khayrullina Raysa Khanifovna , So Tsyan , Khaydarova Safiya Mavletovna
Published: September 2021

The research aims to characterise trends of cultural and linguistic transfer in a multicultural environment, using the example of a multiethnic region, namely the Republic of Bashkortostan. The paper describes the processes of crosscultural and crosslingual interaction in the setting of a multiethnic metropolis, the capital of the republic, which is the City of Ufa. Scientific novelty of the research lies in using modern approaches to the study of national linguistic worldviews and in conducting a comprehensive linguocultural analysis of the ways in which they overlap in the process of crosscultural communication. It is the first time that the analysis of the intercalation and interference processes in the course of crosslingual interaction in the setting of Russian-national bilingualism has been given, the linguistic landscape of the metropolis has been described from the perspective of its cultural component. As a result, it has been proved that in a multicultural environment, there is an inevitable mixing of languages in live colloquial speech and reinterpretation of concepts belonging to one culture by others. The extent to which linguistic transfer is realised and its direction (from the Russian language to a native one, from a native language to Russian) depend on the level of language proficiency, native speakers’ age, the general socio-cultural situation in the region.
German Neologisms during the SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus Pandemic
Authors: Moskvitin Evgeniy Vladimirovitch
Published: September 2021

The aim of the study is to determine the structural and semantic features of neologisms in the German language during the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic. The scientific originality of the research lies in the identification of the most productive word-formation elements of this period and the semantic (paradigmatic) relations between the lexemes that have appeared. As a result, the criteria of neologisms and the sources of their appearance in the German language were established; the most productive word-formation components and the features of synonymy in this vocabulary group were determined.
Lexico-Grammatical Peculiarities of Verbs Describing Downward Walking in the Kabardino-Circassian Language
Authors: Dzuganova Rita Khabalovna
Published: September 2021

The research objectives are as follows: to identify lexico-grammatical peculiarities of verbs describing downward walking, to reveal the specificity of their formation, to describe morphophonological processes occurring within this group of verbs. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that relying on the analysis of factual material, the author for the first time reveals the interrelation of lexical and grammatical factors in verb formation process. This problem has not been previously investigated in the Adyghe linguistics. The findings indicate that in the Kabardino-Circassian language motion verbs possess similar semantic features but differ grammatically.
Thesaurus Modeling of English Text Typology Terminology (By the Example of the Term “Text Type”)
Authors: Zhuchkova Irina Igorevna
Published: September 2021

The research objective includes systematization of English text typology terminology on the basis of thesaurus approach which involves constructing semantic fields and identifying informational-semiotic nature of terminology under study. Scientific originality of the paper lies in the fact that the researcher proposes thesaurus model of English text typology terminology. The research findings are as follows: the author develops semantic field of the term “text type”, explicates its semantic relations that constitute the system of English text typology terms.
DISPOSITIVOS LEGAIS QUE DETERMINAM A PRÁTICA DOCENTE NA EDUCAÇÃO INCLUSIVA
Authors: Pantoja Nunes Lúcia Helena
Published: September 2021

O presente artigo versa sobre o tema: Dispositivos legais que determinam a prática docente na Educação Inclusiva. Levando em consideração a temática da legislação para as pessoas com deficiência, optou-se por desenvolver um estudo bibliográfico que faz uma análise histórica a respeito das leis e resoluções que asseguram a igualdade de direitos entre as pessoas com deficiência e as ditas “normais”. Os instrumentos que possibilitaram a coleta dos dados foi o fichamento de documentos e obras sobre a temática da legislação que fundamenta a inclusão das pessoas com deficiência. Os dados foram analisados a partir dos princípios do materialismo histórico-dialético, no qual as informações coletadas foram analisadas de acordo com o contexto em que estão inseridas. Concluiu-se com esse estudo que a legislação para a educação inclusiva existe, mas pouco se efetiva na prática, pois as pessoas com deficiência ainda estão vivendo um momento de exclusão, já que se tem garantidos apenas o acesso e a permanência e não o sucesso escolar desses alunos.
MATEMÁTICA E AS DIFERENTES FORMAS DE CONCEBER A AVALIAÇÃO: UMA ANÁLISE NA ESCOLA MUNICIPAL DE ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL JOSÉ RIBEIRO DA COSTA, MUNICÍPIO DE OEIRAS/PA
Authors: BATISTA NUNES AUGUSTO
Published: September 2021

O estudo a seguir tem como tema: Matemática: As Diferentes Formas de Conceber a Avaliação uma Análise na Escola Municipal de Ensino Fundamental José Ribeiro da Costa, Município de Oeiras/Pa. Se há um pensamento comum nos estudos sobre a avaliação escolar é o de que ela é essencial à prática educativa e indissociável desta, uma vez que é por meio dela que o professor pode acompanhar se o avanço de seus alunos está ocorrendo de acordo com suas expectativas ou se há necessidade de repensar sua atuação pedagógica.
Treba li Europska unija upravno-politički ili političko-upravni pristup
Authors: Klarić Mirko
Published: September 2021

Rad se bavi dvama različitim koncepcijskim pristupima u razvoju političko-upravnih institucija u kontekstu integracijskih procesa koji se odvijaju u Europskoj uniji – upravno-političkim i političkoupravnim. Polazi se od različitih shvaćanja uloge koju europske integracije imaju po države članice, kako bi se ukazalo na implikacije koje izazivaju različiti pristupi integracijskim procesima na razini Unije. U prvom dijelu istraživanja postavlja se metodološki okvir u kojem se kreće analiza ovih dvaju pristupa i njihov utjecaj na europske integracije. Drugi dio posvećen je analizi rezultata vezanih uz primjenu tih pristupa. Pritom se njihova primjena motri kroz proces konvergencije upravnih sustava država članica, kao i političko-koncepcijske razlike vezane uz njihovu provedbu. U zadnjem dijelu, kroz zaključna razmatranja daje se ocjena ovih pristupa u dosadašnjem razvoju europskih institucija i njihov utjecaj na budući razvoj integracijskih procesa u Europskoj uniji, u svjetlu dinamike odnosa na relaciji države članice – europske institucije.
Najava modernih garancija prava u Korčulanskom Statutu
Authors: Bačić Petar
Published: September 2021

U radu autor ukazuje na relevantne odredbe i značaj Magne Carte kao preteče modernih deklaracija o pravima, te se kratko osvrće na suvremena shvaćanja i uvriježene klasifikacije ljudskih prava, sustave njihove zaštite, a detaljnije na usporedive odredbe Korčulanskog statuta koje, prema njegovom mišljenju, nesumnjivo predstavljaju nagovještaj modernih garancija prava i sloboda. Pritom u Korčulanskom statutu pronalazi i neke odredbe, poput, primjerice, ograničavanja trgovanja robljem, koje Magna Carta ne poznaje. Autor polazi od toga da pri povlačenju paralela između srednjovjekovnih i modernih dokumenata i procjeni značenja pojedinih odredaba i instituta nužno treba biti oprezan, a pitanje zaštite ljudskih prava predstavlja posebno sklisko područje. No, zaključak je autora da je i za Korčulanski statut i za Magnu Cartu nužno istaknuti i to da njihova važnost nije samo u onome što je u njima zapisano i što su predstavljali svojim piscima i njihovim suvremenicima; štoviše, još je važnije njihovo nasljeđe u vidu značenja koje su njihovu sadržaju pripisale kasnije generacije. Mitovi su, naime, ponekad zaista važniji od stvarnosti.
Prekid kontinuiteta radnje trajnog kaznenog djela povrede dužnosti uzdržavanja
Authors: Moslavac Bruno
Published: September 2021

Karakteristično protupravno stanje hotimičnog izbjegavanja obveze uzdržavanja druge osobe koje svojom radnjom stvori počinitelj kaznenog djela, može opstojati ovisno ili neovisno o njegovoj volji. Budući da je povreda dužnosti uzdržavanja trajno kazneno djelo, nameće se pitanje prekida li pravomoćna sudska odluka kaznenog suda kontinuitet neprava i je li moguće okorjelom povratniku ponovno suditi, bez povrede načela ne bis in idem.
U radu je korištena metoda analize, deskriptivna za obilježja djela, a eksplikativna za poseban osvrt na ličnost počinitelja i utvrđivanje oblika privremenog prestanka neprava na strani počinitelja. Statističkom metodom u kombinaciji s metodom uzorka provedeno je specifično istraživanje konkretnih predmeta na usustavljenom uzorku punoljetnih počinitelja kaznenog djela nedozvoljene trgovine na području Republike Hrvatske.
Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da svršetak radnje uskrate izdvajanja sredstava za skrb o drugoj osobi različitoj od počinitelja kaznenog djela ne ovisi uvijek o njegovim postupcima, da osuda ne smije predstavljati temelj ili podstrek za daljnje kršenje obveze i da pravomoćna sudska presuda mora biti osnova zaključka da je dovršena radnja trajnog kaznenog djela povrede dužnosti uzdržavanja.
Zaključno se utvrđuje da osuda za trajno kazneno djelo povrede dužnosti uzdržavanja ne uključuje i daljnje održavanje protupravnog stanja prouzročenog propuštanjem zakonske obveze počinitelja da pribavlja nužna sredstva za život osobe o kojoj je dužan skrbiti.
Pojam organizacije za kolektivno ostvarivanje prava i neovisnog upravljačkog subjekta
Authors: Jakšić Tomislav
Published: September 2021

Kako bi se neka osoba kvalificirala kao organizacija za kolektivno ostvarivanje prava mora: 1) ostvarivati autorska i srodna prava, 2) kolektivno ostvarivati takva prava za više nositelja prava (npr. autora), 3) ostvarivati prava za zajedničku korist (račun) nositelja prava te 4) kolektivno ostvarivati takva prava kao jedinu ili glavnu svrhu takve organizacije. Pored tih općih uvjeta, organizacija za kolektivno ostvarivanje prava mora ispuniti i dva posebna uvjeta: 1) pripadnost ili potpadanje pod kontrolu svojih članova (nositelja prava ili osoba koje ih zastupaju) te 2) ustrojenost organizacije na neprofitnoj osnovi. S druge strane, neovisni upravljački subjekt, kao i organizacija za kolektivno ostvarivanje prava, mora ispuniti prva četiri opća uvjeta, ali i dva posebna uvjeta: 1) ne smije pripadati u cijelosti niti djelomično članovima (nositeljima prava ili osobama koje ih zastupaju), a ne smije biti niti pod njihovom izravnom ili neizravnom kontrolom, a 2) poslovanje organizacije pritom mora biti usmjereno na ostvarivanje dobiti. Rad pritom analizira predmetne uvjete ponajprije s ciljem jasnog razgraničenja organizacije za kolektivno ostvarivanje prava i neovisnog upravljačkog subjekta, a potom i osoba koje ne obavljaju djelatnost kolektivnog ostvarivanja prava od osoba koje obavljaju tu djelatnost. Takva su razgraničenja važna i radi određivanja razine nadzora nad tim organizacijama jer svaka organizacija potpada pod različitu razinu nadzora od strane Državnog zavoda za intelektualno vlasništvo. Pored navedenih uvjeta, u radu se analiziraju i odgovarajuće odredbe nacrta novog prijedloga Zakona o autorskim i srodnim pravima.
Primernost izvršilnega naslova za izvršbo
Authors: Merc Irena
Published: September 2021

Primernost izvršilnega naslova za izvršbo je materialna predpostavka za dovolitev izvršbe. Obveznost, ki jo upnik izterjuje, mora biti določena ali določljiva, sicer izvršbe ni mogoče dovoliti. Določljivost obveznosti pomeni, da morajo vsi podatki, na podlagi katerih je obveznost mogoče določiti, že izhajati iz samega izreka sodne odločbe oziroma iz drugega izvršilnega naslova. Izvršilno sodišče ne sme samo pomensko določati obveznosti iz izvršilnega naslova. Predvsem pri nedenarnih obveznostih je pomembno, da so lete jasno določene ter da ne puščajo dvomov o tem, kaj je treba storiti, da bo obveznost izpolnjena. Kadar upnik predlaga izvršbo na podlagi tujega izvršilnega naslova, je izvršilno sodišče v skladu z načelom formalne legalitete vezano na tuj izvršilni naslov, vendar pa mora enako kot pri domačih izvršilnih naslovih presojati, ali je tuj izvršilni naslov primeren za izvršbo.
The Soviet Plenipotentiary Mission and the Belarusian diaspora in Lithuania in the 1920s
Authors: Korotkova Darya A.
Published: September 2021

The article is dedicated to little-known pages of the history of Soviet diplomacy. Contacts with emigrant circles were an important part of the work of the Soviet representative office in Lithuania in the 1920s. The search for effective ways to infiltrate communist propaganda in broad circles of the population of neighboring countries, as well as attempts to persuade political figures of these countries to cooperate, were the main motives of these relations. Starting in 1921, the emigrants themselves, including members of the Council of the Belarusian People’s Republic, the unrecognized Belarusian government in exile, sought connections with Soviet diplomats, mainly for financial reasons. These contacts became interesting for Soviet establishment in 1923, when the Council of ambassadors of the Entente recognized the Soviet-Polish borders under the Riga Peace treatment. Looking for the way out of situation they decided to transfer to BSSR to implement even partially their ideas, or to cooperate closely with the Soviet mission. This one in its turn used this channel for access to Belarusian minority in Lithuania. The article is based on archival materials of the People’s Commissariat of Foreign Affairs of the USSR.
Russian lexical and collocative calques in the Czech and Polish insular dialects in Russia
Authors: Skorvid Sergej S.
Published: September 2021

The paper reports on a study of immigrant Czech and Polish dialects in Russia that have been strongly influenced by the dominant language of their surroundings. The author discusses problems detecting Russian lexical calques in the examined dialects, in particular differentiating calques and adapted borrowings. These difficulties appear to be due to the close affinity of the Russian language and the influenced dialects, which have common Slavic origin. The article proposes approaches for solving the problems by observing various aspects of calque formation, taking into consideration the fact that the border between the analyzed phenomena is vague and the calques are often firmly bounded with certain collocations. There are numerous transitional phenomena at the intersection of lexical calques and adapted borrowings, such as hybrid formations, formations in which the Russian affixal or root morphemes are transformed based on regular correspondences between idioms, cases of the formation of new lexical units in the recipient idiom according to the Russian model based on the semantics of correlated morphemes. In order to adequately describe such phenomena, it is proposed to introduce a more general concept of “collocative calques”.
A poeticised indulgence. “The Beginning” by Andrzej Szczypiorski: A story of success
Authors: Adel'gejm Irina E.
Published: September 2021

The article dwells upon the reception of the novel “The Beginning” (“The Beautiful Mrs. Seidenman”) by Andrzej Szcypiorski. The success of the book turned out to be an extremely clear evidence of the then state of the Polish society in terms of the attitude to the problem of participation / non-participation of Poles in the fate of Jews during the Holocaust and the development of a language adequate to this trauma. The reception of the novel once again showed that the sale of book products directly depends on its ability to indulge the requirements of a wide segment of consumers — but this does not necessarily apply to low genres. Szczypiorski’s “The Beginning” was the first artistic step in a public discussion concerning probably the most painful story in the history of Poland. The historical truth associated with it, on being silenced for decades, makes its way into the bright field of consciousness, even though with great difficulty and provoking resistance in various circles of the society. The experience of shame is hardly included into the baggage of memory, since it does not create a positive image of society and the individual as a part of it, and therefore any nation state seeks to suppress the memory of events that violate the declared commonality of the national tradition. However, the writer offers the society — which latently feels ethical discomfort, but in fact is not ready neither to revise the idea of itself as of a solely heroic victim of history, nor to reflect on the discourse of Polish patriotism, or to experience the emotion of collective shame — the illusion of moral self-purification and mourning for the exterminated Jewish population of Poland to soothe the conscience.
The roundtable “The phenomenon of a bestseller in the literatures of Central and South-East Europe: The national and the multicultural”
Authors: Usacheva Anastasia V.
Published: September 2021

Review of the roundtable “The phenomenon of a bestseller in the literatures of Central and South-East Europe: The national and the multicultural”
A Romanian Accent in Modern Slavic Studies: The International Symposium “100 years of Cluj Slavic Studies”
Authors: Kirillov Victor B. , Lesnaya Galina M.
Published: September 2021

Review of the International Symposium “100 years of Cluj Slavic Studies”
POINT: Is it Time to Rethink Aerobic Exercise Prescription Methods?
Authors: Marini Carlo Ferri , Lucertini Francesco , Skinner James S.
Published: September 2021

Exercise prescription is complex and can vary greatly. As well, methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. The purpose of this discussion is to consider if some of these methods should be modified. We look at the concept of the heart rate and oxygen intake reserve because it is recommended by the American College of Sports Medicine.
Praktek Bunga Majemuk Rentenir dan Larangannya Dalam Perspektif Ekonomi Islam
Authors: Maemanah Arina
Published: September 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengkaji solusi-solusi atas masalah praktek bunga majemuk atau praktek bunga berbunga yang dilakukan oleh rentenir menurut tafsir Al-Quran Surat Ali Imran ayat 130. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan (library research) dengan metode penafsiran maudu‘i (tematik) dan metode penafsiran tahlili (analitik). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan praktek bunga majemuk atau praktek bunga berbunga yang dilakukan oleh rentenir tidak sesuai dengan perspektif ekonomi Islam, Allah SWT secara tegas melarang praktek bunga berbunga atau bunga berlipat-lipat dalam Surat Ali Imran ayat 130. Penelitian ini juga memberikan solusi atas kebutuhan pinjaman dengan nominal kecil, dengan proses cepat dan mudah serta tanpa agunan yang sesuai syariah Islam melalui Koperasi Jasa Keuangan Syariah Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil (KJKS BMT).
Differential expression of glycoprotein M6A in human epithelial ovarian cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2021

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecologic cancer (1). We performed discovery of genes associated with epithelial ovarian cancer and of the high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) subtype, using published microarray data (2, 3) to compare global gene expression profiles of normal ovary or fallopian tube with that of primary tumors from women diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer or HGSC. We identified the gene encoding glycoprotein M6A, GPM6A, as among the genes whose expression was most different in epithelial ovarian cancer as compared to the normal fallopian tube. GPM6A expression was significantly lower in high-grade serous ovarian tumors relative to normal fallopian tube. GPM6A expression correlated with progression-free survival in patients with p53 mutant ovarian cancer. These data indicate that expression of GPM6A is perturbed in epithelial ovarian cancers broadly and in ovarian cancers of the HGSC subtype. GPM6A may be relevant to pathways underlying ovarian cancer initiation (transformation) or progression.
Anisotropic representations of visual space modulate visual numerosity estimation
Authors: L-Miao Li , Reynvoet Bert , Sayim Bilge
Published: September 2021

Humans can estimate the number of visually displayed items without counting. This capacity of numerosity perception has often been attributed to a dedicated system to estimate numerosity, or alternatively to the exploitation of various stimulus features, such as density, convex hull, the size of items and occupancy area. The distribution of the presented items is usually not varied with eccentricity in the visual field. However, our visual fields are highly asymmetric, and to date, it is unclear how inhomogeneities of the visual field impact numerosity perception. Besides eccentricity, a pronounced asymmetry is the radial-tangential anisotropy. For example, in crowding, radially placed flankers interfere more strongly with target perception than tangentially placed flankers. Similarly, in redundancy masking, the number of perceived items in repeating patterns is reduced when the items are arranged radially but not when they are arranged tangentially. Here, we investigated whether numerosity perception is subject to the radial-tangential anisotropy of spatial vision to shed light on the underlying topology of numerosity perception. Observers were presented with varying numbers of discs and asked to report the perceived number. There were two conditions. Discs were predominantly arranged radially in the “radial” condition and tangentially in the “tangential” condition. Additionally, the spacing between discs was scaled with eccentricity. Physical properties, such as average eccentricity, average spacing, convex hull, and density were kept as similar as possible in the two conditions. Radial arrangements were expected to yield underestimation compared to tangential arrangements. Consistent with the hypothesis, numerosity estimates in the radial condition were lower compared to the tangential condition. Magnitudes of radial alignment (as well as predicted crowding strength) correlated with the observed numerosity estimates. Our results demonstrate a robust radial-tangential anisotropy, suggesting that the topology of spatial vision determines numerosity estimation. We suggest that asymmetries of spatial vision should be taken into account when investigating numerosity estimation.
Analogue modelling of the interplay between gravity gliding and spreading across complex rift topography in the Santos Basin
Authors: Pichel Leonardo , Ferrer Oriol , Jackson Christopher , Roca Eduard
Published: September 2021

The Santos Basin presents a complex and controversial evolution and distribution of salt tectonics domains. The controversies revolve mainly around the kinematically- linked Albian Gap and São Paulo Plateau. The Albian Gap is a ~450 km long and 60 km wide feature characterized by a post-Albian counter-regional rollover overlying depleted Aptian salt and in which the Albian is absent. The São Paulo Plateau is defined by a pre-salt structural high with significant base-salt topography and overlain by ~2.5 km thick salt. Another prominent feature is the Merluza Graben, a rift depocentre that underlies the southern portion of the Albian Gap and displays significant (3-4 km) of base-salt relief. Two competing hypotheses have been proposed to explain the origin and kinematics of these provinces. One invokes post- Albian extension within the Albian Gap and contraction in the Sao Paulo Plateau. The other invokes post-Albian salt expulsion in the Albian Gap and salt inflation in the São Paulo Plateau without significant lateral deformation. A recent study shows these processes contribute equally to the evolution of these domains, also demonstrating the importance of the previously neglected base-salt relief. We apply 3D physical modelling to test these new concepts and understand the interplay between laterally- variable base-salt relief, gliding and spreading on salt tectonics. Our results show a remarkably-similar salt and post-salt evolution and architecture to the Santos Basin as proposed in recent studies. They improve the understanding on the distribution and interaction of salt-related structural styles and gravity-driven processes, being also applicable to other salt-bearing margins.
Hydroclimatic adaptation critical to the resilience of tropical forests
Authors: Singh Chandrakant , van der Ent Ruud , Wang-Erlandsson Lan , Fetzer Ingo
Published: September 2021

Forest and savanna ecosystems naturally exist as alternative stable states. The maximum capacity of these ecosystems to absorb perturbations without transitioning to the other alternative stable state is referred to as ‘resilience’. Previous studies have determined the resilience of terrestrial ecosystems to hydroclimatic changes predominantly based on space-for-time substitution. This substitution assumes that the contemporary spatial frequency distribution of ecosystems’ tree cover structure holds across time. However, this assumption is problematic since ecosystem adaptation over time is ignored. Here we empirically study tropical forests’ stability and hydroclimatic adaptation dynamics by examining remotely sensed tree cover change (ΔTC; aboveground ecosystem structural change) and root zone storage capacity (Sr; buffer capacity towards water-stress) over the last two decades. We find that ecosystems at high (>75%) and low (<10%) tree cover adapt by instigating considerable subsoil investment, and therefore experience limited ΔTC ‒ signifying stability. In contrast, unstable ecosystems at intermediate (30-60%) tree cover are unable to exploit the same level of adaptation as stable ecosystems, thus showing considerable ΔTC. Ignoring this adaptive mechanism can underestimate the resilience of the forest ecosystems, which we find is largely underestimated in the case of the Congo rainforests. The results from this study emphasise the importance of the ecosystem's temporal dynamics and adaptation in inferring and assessing the risk of forest-savannah transitions under rapid hydroclimatic change.
Changes in deep groundwater flow patterns related to oil and gas
Authors: Jellicoe Keegan , McIntosh Jennifer , Ferguson Grant
Published: September 2021

Large volumes of saline formation water are both produced from and injected into sedimentary basins as a by-product of oil and gas production. Despite this, the location of production and injection wells has not been studied in detail at the regional scale and the effects on deep groundwater flow patterns (i.e. below the base of groundwater protection) possibly driving fluid flow towards shallow aquifers remain uncertain. Even where injection and production volumes are equal at the basin scale, local changes in hydraulic head can occur due to the distribution of production and injection wells. In the Canadian portion of the Williston Basin, over 4.6 x 109 m3 of water has been co-produced with 5.4 x 108 m3 of oil, and over 5.5 x 109 m3 of water has been injected into the subsurface for saltwater disposal or enhanced oil recovery (EOR). Despite approximately equal values of produced and injected fluids at the sedimentary basin scale over the history of development, cumulative fluid deficits and surpluses per unit area in excess of a few 100 mm are present at scales of a few 100 km2. Fluid fluxes associated with oil and gas activities since 1950 likely exceed background groundwater fluxes in these areas. Modelled pressures capable of creating upward hydraulic gradients are predicted for the Midale Member and Mannville Group, two of the strata with the highest amounts of injection in the study area. This could lead to upward leakage of fluids if permeable pathways, such as leaky wells, are present.
Defence versus Development: A Theory of Defensive and Expansive Self-Regulation
Authors: Rojas-Hernández Jaime
Published: September 2021

This article presents a macro theory of self-regulation: defensive and expansive self-regulation theory (DERT). It rests on two fundamental assumptions. First, it assumes the coexistence of two competing psychological systems: a defensive system motivated by the need for physical and psychological security, whose function is to protect the organism from harm to life and self, and an expansive system motivated by the needs for competence, relatedness and autonomy, whose function is the development of knowledge, skills, and social support. Second, DERT assumes a threefold distinction regarding consciousness, with psychological processes qualifying as either nonconscious, conscious or metaconscious. Based on the previous assumptions, the theory posits the coexistence of two self-regulatory modes: a defensive regulation, consisting of self-protective responses aimed at avoiding, escaping or fighting survival threats and self-threats, and an expansive regulation, consisting of non-defensive metaconsciousness of one’s psychological states and processes. Defensive regulation is assumed to be generally adaptive in the context of survival threats but not in that of self-threats. What is called for in the context of self-threats is expansive regulation, namely non-defensive metaconsciousness of the identifications, evaluations and interpretations of self, others and the world that cause the self-threats in the first place. The theory predicts that defensive and expansive regulation of self-threats cause psychological distress and well-being, and negative and positive interpersonal relationships, respectively.
Examining Children’s Mental Health and Parenting Quality before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Yarger Heather , Shariq Deena , Hickey Alexandra , Giacobbe Elizabeth , Dziura Sarah Louise , Redcay Elizabeth
Published: September 2021

Background: The goal of the current study was to characterize the impact of COVID-19 mitigation efforts (i.e., stay-at-home orders) on children’s mental health and parenting quality, as well as to assess predictors of children’s mental health during the pandemic. Methods: Seventy-nine children (18 with autism, 61 without) and their parents who participated in a previous study and were at least 10 years old (M = 13.8, SD = 1.7) were invited to participate in three online follow-up surveys post initiation of the stay-at-home-order (during May through November 2020). Children were predominantly White (49.4%) and not Hispanic or Latino (78.5%). Parents reported on children’s anxiety and depressive symptoms, as well as their own parenting practices. Family togetherness, conflict, financial problems, and parental mental health during the pandemic were also collected. Results: Children without autism experienced a significant decrease in anxiety symptoms across the beginning of the pandemic and a significant increase in depressive symptoms from pre- to post-stay-at-home-order. Children with autism experienced a significant decrease in depressive symptoms from pre- to post- stay-at-home-order. Parents of children without autism reported a significant decrease in positive parenting from pre- to post stay-at-home-order. Higher levels of permissive parenting and financial problems were associated with children’s depressive symptoms. Higher levels of parent mental health difficulties and permissive parenting were associated with higher levels of children’s anxiety symptoms. Conclusions: Children are experiencing both improvements and declines in mental health relative to pre-pandemic. Parenting quality and parental mental health have direct impacts on children’s functioning during the pandemic.
The Emotional Lockdown: How Social Distancing and Mask Wearing influence Mood and Emotion Recognition
Authors: Kulke Louisa , Langer Theresia , Valuch Christian
Published: September 2021

During the COVID-19 pandemic, government-mandated protection measures such as contact restrictions and mask wearing significantly affected social interactions. In the current preregistered study we hypothesized that such measures could influence self-reported mood and the ability to recognize emotional expressions from the eye region of faces. We found that mood was positively related to face-to-face but not to virtual interactions. This suggests that contact restrictions leading to a decrease in face-to-face compared to virtual interactions may be related to negative mood. We also found slight improvements in emotion recognition from the eyes in a student sample tested during the pandemic relative to a comparable sample tested prior to the pandemic although these differences were restricted to female participants.
Demographic Characteristics and Buyers Purchase Decision of Two Wheeler Brands in Bagmati Province, Nepal
Authors: Thapa Makshindra
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this paper is to analyze buyers’ demographic characteristics that influence purchasing decisions of two wheelers brands available in the Nepalese market. The survey study was conducted in the four districts of Bagmati province. Altogether, opinions of 208 respondents were included in the study to express their assertion of two wheeler purchasing decisions. Cross tabulation was done to identify patterns of demographic (categorical) variables and two wheeler brands. The chi-square analysis was done to examine associations between demographic variables and purchase decisions of two wheeler brands.  The results of chi-square analysis indicated that buyers’ gender, age, education and occupation have highly significant association with purchase decision. Similarly, income level and marital status are significantly associated with purchase decision. The various categories of demographic characteristics analyzed in the study influence buyer two wheeler brand purchase decisions.
Determination of Break-Even Point through Consumer Preference Relation
Authors: Pradhan Gopal Man , Katel Phanindra Kumar
Published: September 2021

Social choice theory beliefs about how the consumers function to chose their interested goods and services. Preference relation with affine indifference curves that has a concave representation has a linear utility representation. This study asks how individual preference relations might be combined to give a single ordering which captures the overall wishes of the group of individuals. There are certain properties that one would like such a utility rule, utility have thus become a more abstract concept that is not necessarily solely based on the satisfaction or pleasure received. Concept of cardinal utility is studied in three different situations Debreu (1958) gave quite different approach. This study maintains link between mathematical theory and financial concept to determine break-even point through the consumers’ preference relation.
Shared Predicament of Nature and Motherhood in Kamala Markandaya’s Nectar in a Sieve
Authors: Sharma Kamal
Published: September 2021

This paper examines and analyses conflating relation of nature and motherhood in Kamala Markandaya's Nector in a Sieve by applying ecofeminist perspective. The novel revolves around a central character called Rukmani who struggles hard to survive and sustain her family working in the field. Her misery begins to unfold due to infertility she bears. Her daughter, Ira faces the same problem her mother had faced. It almost ruins Rukmani’s life. She is always obsessed with motherhood, nurturing qualities, and natural surrounding around her. This paper explores why motherhood always bothers Rukmani thereby showing her bonding and belonging to nature. This paper being qualitative in nature applies ecofeminist theories for the textual analysis of the primary. The paper concludes that Rukmani’s struggles in reproduction and her strong will to be in land community asserts the shared predicament of nature and motherhood where she is more obsessed with her biological role of mother.
Retraction Notice
Authors: Chhetri Than Bahadur , Kunwar Lal Bahadur
Published: September 2021

On 17th September 2021 the Editorial Board of the Journal of Political Science agreed to retract the article ‘Interprovincial Relations in Formative Phase of Federal Nepal’ published in Journal of Political Science, Vol.21 pages 9-18 (DOI: https://doi.org/10.3126/jps.v21i0.35259 ) because the article was found to have significant overlap with other published sources.
Classical Music in the Shah and Rana Era: 1768 - 1951 A.D.
Authors: Pokharel Ramesh
Published: September 2021

The tradition of classical music was more justified during the Shah and Rana Dynasty’s ruling. During the time the cultural import from neighboring India and the wide appreciation of music by kings and the Royal Palace of Nepal show the influence of Classical music among the Shah and Rana families. Some Rana Prime Ministers wanted to promote classical music but in practice most music was limited to the Royal palace and Rana family. Music Education, as well as all kinds of formal education were banned for the citizens of Nepal during the Rana regime. Those who were close to the Rana family and the palace were supposed to learn classical music from the patronized Ustaad /Pundit of the Palace and private teachers as well. This paper attempts to discuss the overall developing trends of classical music during Shah and Rana periods of Nepal in relation to development, extension and its practices in Nepalese society. All evidences have been taken from several documentaries. Whatever we practice as classical music today has taken the step of development in those periods. The evidence shows that especially raga based different Music genres were practiced and flourished in those periods.
काराभाजो : असहज मानिस — असाधारण चित्रकार [Caravajo: Uncomfortable Man - Extraordinary Painter]
Authors: राजभण्डारी Rajbhandari नवीन्द्रमान Nabindraman
Published: September 2021

सांस्कृतिक सन्दर्भमा सत्रौ“ शताब्दीको युरोपलाई ‘बरोक युग’ भनिन्छ । धार्मिक उथलपुथल, आर्थिकसमुन्नति, औपनिवेशिक विस्तारवाद, राजनीतिक उतारचढाव तथा ज्ञान विज्ञानका क्षेत्रमा हासिल अभूतपूर्वउपलब्धिहरूले यस शताब्दीमा युरोपको सामाजिक एवम् सांस्कृतिक जनजीवनमा व्यापक प्रभाव पारेको थियो । यसै परिदृश्यमा ‘बरोक’ कला वा शैलीको उत्थान भएको थियो । बरोक शैलीको उत्थान सोर्हौं शताब्दीको उत्तराद्र्धमा भई झन्डै सन् १७५० सम्म कायम रहेको मानिन्छ । बरोक शैलीको जग हाल्ने श्रेय इटलीका कलाकार काराभाजोलाई जान्छ । सम्पूर्ण बरोक कलाकारहरूले उनकै पदचिह्नलाई पछ्याएका थिए । यिनै काराभाजो र उनका कामबारेका प्रस्तुत पङ्क्तिहरू लेखकको प्रकाशोन्मुख पुस्तक‘पाश्चात्य कला : सङ्क्षिप्त इतिहास (दोस्रो भाग) बाट उद्धृत गरिएको हो ।
Queering Fashion in Hajji Baba: James Morier, Mirza Abul Hassan Khan, and the Crisis of Imperial Masculinity
Authors: Garcia Humberto
Published: September 2021

James Justinian Morier’s The Adventures of Hajji Baba of Ispahan (1824) shaped orientalist stereotypes until the early twentieth century. Scholars have examined the novel’s racism separately from gender and class anxieties in the often-neglected sequel, The Adventures of Hajji Baba of Ispahan in England (1828). Reading these two novels jointly reveals a British imperial masculinity in crisis during a precarious period in Anglo-Persian relations: the embassy of Mirza Abul Hassan Khan Shirazi Ilchi from Qajar Iran to late Georgian Britain in 1809–10 and 1819–20. This essay argues that Abul Hassan’s celebrity status in the tabloid news media inspired Londoners to adopt Persian fashions queerly, their gender deviancy informing Morier’s fiction about a foppish cross-dressed upstart from Ispahan. I argue that Abul Hassan’s mediatized body drove Morier to satirize fashionable Englishmen as a foreign race, allowing him to claim British gentility. Less concerned with Persians than with their effeminate admirers in England, his satire suggests that the “Orient” was constituted by intersectional gender, class, and racial identities in flux.
Carnivalizing Imoinda’s Silence
Authors: Huang Kristina
Published: September 2021

In this essay, I analyze Joan Anim-Addo’s libretto Imoinda, or She Who Will Lose Her Name (2008) and illustrate how its narrative poetry generates a speculative, gendered history around the slave past. Informed by Srinivas Aravamudan’s observation of parodic subversion in the afterlives of Aphra Behn’s Oroonoko (1688), I return to Anim-Addo’s oeuvre in order to read Imoinda as a work that counter-writes the colonial gaze of “Western” knowledge. By centering on Caribbean carnival as the performance context for the libretto, I examine how histories of rebellion and survival carried out by enslaved Africans and their descendants unfold through the libretto’s narrative poetry. I argue that Imoinda, under the guise of artistic forms associated with “the West,” breaks from Eurocentric perspectives that misrepresented subaltern struggles while ushering forth the question of “who speaks?” in critical discourses. I conclude by aligning Anim-Addo’s Imoinda in relation to Sylvia Wynter’s conceptualization of “demonic grounds” to highlight a transformative epistemic space of Caribbean women’s literature.
Reflections
Authors: Yang Chi-ming
Published: September 2021

This experimental ekphrastic essay meditates on the history of eighteenth-and nineteenth-century rice plantation slavery from the ecocritical perspective of the bobolink, or rice bird. The vignettes of a postbellum image of a Georgia plantation reveal the many facets of this avian migrant’s entanglement with Indigenous histories of wild rice and with Black labour and performance. Weaving in contemporary art and music, this essay explores how a prized songbird—and agricultural pest—developed its grain diet and flight patterns in tandem with the growth of plantation capitalism across the Americas and the Atlantic world.
Les mesures fiscales nationales et locales face à la crise de la covid en Italie
Authors: Sacchetto Claudio
Published: September 2021

La crise multidimensionnelle de la Covid a placé le rôle de la fiscalité au premier plan, notamment par des dispositions de soutien aux familles et à l’économie. Mais pour faire face à la crise de la Covid, des mesures législatives de croissance, autres que celles actuellement en vigueur, sont nécessaires, à savoir : une réforme substantielle de l’ensemble du système fiscal, incluant les procédures et le contentieux juridictionnel, en harmonie avec les plans de soutien européens.
Building a Water-saving Society in Rural Areas of the PRC During the 13 th Five-Year Plan (2016-2020)
Authors: Prohorova Natalya
Published: September 2021

Until recently, traditional methods of farming in the PRC required a much larger volume of water consumption than is necessary when irrigating individual crops, but in the 21st century, the situation began to change gradually. The modern level of technologies and measures taken for agricultural water conservation allows to control water consumption precisely. In the article measures taken for monitoring water consumption in the agricultural sector and associated transformations of the economic activities of modern Chinese villages are considered.
Congenital heart defects and umbilical cord abnormalities, an unknown association?
Authors: Montaña-Jimenez L.P. , Lasalvia P. , Diaz Puentes M. , Olaya-C M.
Published: September 2021

INTRODUCTION:

Few studies exist that research the association between umbilical cord characteristics with cardiac malformations. In this study, we describe a population of newborns with congenital heart defects (CHD) and the frequency of presentation of umbilical cord (UC) alterations, based upon the hypothesis that the continuity of the cardio-placental circuit can be affected by similar noxas during early development.

METHODS:

We carried out a descriptive study at a hospital in Bogota based on clinical records from newborns with congenital heart disease with placental and UC pathology results. Group analyses were done according to the major categories of the ICD-10.

RESULTS:

We analyzed 122 cases and found that the most frequent alterations where hypercoiling (27.9%) and abnormal UC insertion (16.4%). Additionally, in almost every group of CHD, more than 65%of patients had some type of cord alteration.

CONCLUSION:

We discovered a high frequency of UC alterations in patients with CHD. This outcome suggests that a possible association exists between the two phenomena, further research is needed.