bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
At jagte sin egen skygge: Fundamentalisme og sikkerhedspolitik
Authors: Bülent Diken , Laustsen Carsten Bagge
Published: January 2018

Bülent Diken og Carsten Bagge Laustsen: Stalking your own shadow Tell me your enemy and I will tell you who you are.

This article takes issue with the significant but often disavowed symbiotic relation between two contemporary enemies: fundamentalism and the politics of security. We start with a metaphorical twinning, showing how these two enemies create, provoke, mimic and ultimately support each other. Then, by way of a discourse analysis, we show the way religion functions in Bush’s and Bin Laden’s discourses. Our claim is not (only) that the discourse of security is as religious as Bin Laden’s, but that politics of security as such is the religion of our times. We conclude by arguing that the dyadic interdependence between the two fundamentalisms – Islamic and Securiticised – is dissolving the democratic habitus in a post-political condition, a condition devoid of self-reflexivity and awareness of guilt.
Politiske identiteter i senmoderniteten: Belyst gennem unge kvinders fortællinger om politik og identitet
Authors: Christensen Anne-Dorte
Published: January 2018

Ann-Dorte Christensen: Political Identities in Late Modernity: young women’s stories about politics and identity

The first part of this article examines various approaches to political identities that have been inspired by sociological discussions of identity construction as well as by discussions within political sociology about new forms of politics and power in late modernity. In the second part of the article, political identities among young women are analyzed. The results indicate that the processes of individualization and the constructions of life politics have a variety of meanings and different implications for the women. This means that it is crucial to construct more sensitive theories about gender and political identities in contemporary societies. These new theories must take into account political learning in individual life courses as well as feelings of belonging and participation in multiple

political communities in relation to both political institutions and organizations in civil society. The final section of the article discusses the contents of the political identities attempting to renew the theoretical understanding of political identities in late modernity and the potential for renewal of politics and political institutions in a gender perspective.
Filantropiens genkomst: Medborgerskab, fællesskab og frihed under ombrydning
Authors: Villadsen Kaspar
Published: January 2018

Kaspar Villadsen: The reappearance of philanthropy: the break up of citizenship, community and freedom ?

That article argues that philanthropic principles for social work have achieved growing prominence in social policy and social work during the last 10-15 years. As a result of this process, new ways of categorising and governing social clients have begun to prevail at the expense of currently existing ones. Therefore, we need to ask what kind of regime is now being introduced in social work. Among the crucial questions are which forms of observation, discourse and power are now made possible, and which are consequently made impossible, how can knowledge be produced about social clients, and how can we turn them into objects of government. Other important issues are what is being displaced or transformed in the existing social work regime, can one no longer speak of obobjective human needs, societal conditions or social problems as structural effects, and, even more important, what kind of subject is now to be fostered in the social

client. The article analyses these issues and concludes that the re-activation of concepts and techniques invented by

19th century philanthropy puts existing forms of knowledge and government in social work in jeopardy. It also raises questions about general transformations of the welfare state and its concepts of citizenship, community and freedom.
Anmeldelser
Authors: Faglitteratur Af sociologisk
Published: January 2018

Erik Bork: Danmark under dynen – fra bryllup til bunkepul.

(Michael Hviid Jacobsen)

Mette Bryld & Randi Markussen (red.): Cyberkulturer og rekonfigurationer.

(Stine Gotved)

John Andersen et al.: Empowerment i storbyens rum – et socialvidenskabe-

ligt perspektiv. (Vibeke Pihl)

Peter Dahler-Larsen: Selvevalueringens hvide sejl. (Steen Nepper Larsen)

James A. Holstein & Jaber F. Gubrium (red.): Inside Interviewing. New

Lenses, New Concerns. Jaber F. Gubrium & James A. Holstein (red.):

Postmodern Interviewing. (Rasmus Antoft)

Lilli Zeuner/Jeppe Højland: Unge i det kriminelle felt – et studium

af forskningslitteratur. (Sune Qvotrup Jensen)

Michael Hviid Jacobsen & Søren Kristiansen: Erving Goffman. Sociologien

om det sociale livs elementære former. (Jeppe Ingemann Lyng)

Jesper Due & Jørgen Steen Madsen: Fra magtkamp til konsensus: Arbejds-

markedspensionerne og den danske model. (Asbjørn Sonne Nørgaard)

Finn Collin: Konstruktivisme. (Søren Damkjær)

Michael Hviid Jacobsen (red.): Sociologiske visioner – Sytten bidrag fra

en sociologisk brydningstid. (Nils Mortensen)
Omsorgskapital i idrætten
Authors: Habermann Ulla , Ottesen Laila
Published: January 2018

Ulla Habermann og Laila Ottesen: Care-capital in sports organisations

During the 18th and 19th century, sport was invented by and for men. Although women’s participation in sport activities in Denmark has increased since then and approaches the level of men’s involvement, women’s presence on the executive and decision making bodies of sports organisations is still limited. In 2003, women filled only 1/3 of the decision-making positions in sports organisations. Women and men choose different sports and different ways of organising their activities; and too, the way women and men take part in voluntary work in sports organisations differs substantially. This is a general societal pattern: women’s participation in civil society takes a different path from men’s. Here women often undertake a caring role; and they are over-represented i n humanitarian, religious and social organisations. This article discusses how this traditional female role is seemingly repeated in sports organisations and some reasons for this. In doing this, the article emphasises the value of the idea of “care-capital“, understood as a crucial part of social capital in seeking an understanding of women’s role in sports organisations.
Anmeldelser
Authors: Faglitteratur Af sociologisk
Published: January 2018

Fan Hong & J. A. Mangan (Eds.): Soccer, Women, Sexual Liberation. Kicking Off a New Era. (Laila Ottesen)

Gertrud Pfister: Frauen und Sport in der DDR. (Leena Laine)

Ilse Hartmann-Tews & Gertrud Pfister (Eds.): Sport and Women. Social

Issues in International Perspective. (Gerd von der Lippe)

Dong Jinxia: Women, Sport and Society in Modern China – Holding Up More than Half the Sky. (Christine Mønsted)

J. A. Mangan & Fan Hong (Eds.): Freeing the Female Body: Inspirational

Icons. (Lis Engel)

Anne Bolin & Jane Granskog (Eds.): Athletic Intruders: Ethnographic

Research on Women, Culture, and Exercise. (Sally Anderson)

Lis Højgaard & Dorte Marie Søndergaard (red.): Akademisk tilblivelse.

Akademia og dens kønnede befolkning. (Esther Nørregaard-Nielsen)

R. W. Connell: Gender. (Inge Kryger Pedersen)
Tillid til mad: forbrug mellem dagligdag og politisering
Authors: Halkier Bente , Holm Lotte
Published: January 2018

Bente Halkier og Lotte Holm:

Trust in food: Food consumption practice

Food consumption has become part of the political agenda in Denmark, in that responsibilities for environmental and similar concerns are increasingly being transferred to ordinary consumers. This article discusses how this new political agenda has influenced the every day understandings and practices as regards food consumption. It commences with a discussion of the concept of trust and its relevance to risk and handling risk in the arena of food consumption. Data come from a telephone survey carried out among a representative sample of adults in Denmark. On the one hand, Danish respondents expressed a general trust, and felt that the foods they eat are not harmful. On the other, they distrusted the safety of a list of specific but ordinary foods found on the market. In order to minimize risks, respondents employed differentiated shopping strategies, reflecting the structure of the food market. A majority of them replied that their shopping practices are influenced by concerns about health and environment, while only 8% report no concern at all about these issues. Danish consumers trusted personal networks more than either public food control systems or market mechanisms in order to procure good and safe food.
Vi hilser da på hinanden...: Social kapital i en dansk udkantskommune
Authors: Svendsen Gunnar Lind Haase
Published: January 2018

Gunnar Lind Haase Svendsen:

“But at least we greet each other“. Social capital in an outlying Danish municipality

In recent years, many people living on social transfer incomes have moved to more outlying municipalities in Denmark. This includes Ravnsborg, a municipality situated in an outlying rural area in the northwest corner of the island of Lolland, about 150 kilometers southwest of Copenhagen. During the past two decades, the arrival of newcomers from Copenhagen, many of them fully dependent on these incomes, has lead to deterioration of an already overstretched municipal economy, resulting in tensions between groups of local people and the newcomers. This raises the question of the human and economic consequences of the confrontations between these two groups. In order to analyze this issue, fieldwork and interviews were carried out employing a bridging/bonding social capital theoretical framework. The study revealed both a physical and mental gulf between the local residents and the newcomers, especially between the “locally born“ and “Copenhageners“ living on income transfers. The mutual distrust and distance – increased by gossip, negative media reports and symbolic violence, led to group isolation and to an “oppose each other“ attitude, summed up as exaggerated binding social capital. The article focuses on the role of open and inclusive as opposed to closed and exclusive networks, which involves a qualitative focus on the positive side of social capital, as well as its “downside“. Such a qualitatively oriented, sociological approach can be seen as relatively new within research on social capital that has been dominated by macroeconomic and quantitative approaches.
I temporalitetens skugga - om bosnienkroatiska flyktingar med temporärt uppehållstillstånd i Sverige
Authors: Slavnic Zoran
Published: January 2018

In the shadow of temporality. Bosnian Croatian refugees with temporary residence permission in Sweden

In the beginning of the 1990’s Swedish immigration policy, which had been considered liberal and generous, beca¬me increasingly restrictive due to a number of domestic as well as international factors. One of the groups of refu¬gees particularly affected by these new restrictions was Bosnians with Croatian passports who apply for asylum. They were the first group of refugees subject to the new policy regulations and prac¬tices of ‘temporary protection’ (TUT). They were also the subject of experi¬mentation with diverse ideas concer¬ning the development of a new immigration policy emphasizing the notion of ‘repatriation’ instead of ‘integra¬tion’. This article analyses one specific program whose purpose is to prepare Bos¬nian Croats for repatriation and offers a critical picture of how the new immigration policy, as well as its legiti¬mating discourses, looks in practice. Based on in-depth interview with the refugees, the author has also analysed the strate¬gies developed by the refugees themsel¬ves in order to cope with the repressive and delimiting discourses that are implicit in the new repatriation policy.
Socioeconomic Analysis and Technical Efficiency among Smallholder Sorghum Farmers in GaMasemola Township of Limpopo Province, South Africa
Authors: Botiabane Moswane Precious , Zhou L. , Oluwatayo I. B. , Oyedokun Fakunle Olufemi , Oyelana Akeem Adewale
Published: January 2018

Sorghum farming group in South Africa is divided into the smallholder and business ranchers attributable to the distinctions in cultivar sizes, utility creation and production strategies. Sorghum is utilized primarily for sustenance and refreshments in Ga-Masemola (GM) town. Smallholder sorghum farmers in the town utilize some portion of their wage for recreation, goat and cows' compost are utilized as manures to enhance soil fruitfulness and increment sorghum yield, they rely upon precipitation water for the water system and they have no entrance to expansion administrations. The study distinguish and depict the socioeconomic characteristics of smallholder sorghum farmers in Ga-Masemola town; it looks at the causes of technical efficiency among smallholder sorghum ranchers in the town, and it recognizes and portrays difficulties confronted by smallholder sorghum farmers in the town. Essential information was gathered utilizing organized surveys and an example size of 48 smallholder sorghum farmers in the town was chosen. Cobb Douglas model was utilized to analyze the information or data gotten.The socioeconomic characteristics of smallholder sorghum farmers were:farming experience, age, sexual orientation, instructive level and family unit measure. The study indicates that the determinants of technical efficiency among smallholder sorghum farmers in Ga-Masemola town that were observed to be huge are the measure of land dedicated and the amount of seeds utilized. Farmers are confronting difficulties, for example, sicknesses, low capital, pests, separation to the homestead, absence of water and atmosphere (i.e. climate) changes.The study suggested and recommended that smallholder sorghum farmers in Ga-Masemola (GM) town require arable land to expand their production; they additionally require agriculture extension officers for training and spreading or disseminating information about inputs allocation. Besides, the smallholder farmers should be encouraged to utilize enhanced seeds varieties in order to expand their technical efficiency.
Re-Examining the Nexus between Exchange and Interest Rates in Nigeria
Authors: Oke David Mautin , Bokana Koye Gerry , Shobande Olatunji Abdul
Published: January 2018

Nigeria has experienced somersault of foreign exchange policies by the Central Bank. One policy concern in recent times is to have an appropriate target of the exchange and interest rates. Therefore, this paper seeks to provide a foundation for the targeting of an appropriate exchange and interest rates for the country. Using the Johansen Cointegration and Vector Error Correction Mechanism approaches, it specifically examines the relationships among Nigeriaâ€™s weak exchange rate, its local rate of interest and world interest rate. Contrary to many studies, a control measure involving inclusion of inflation, money supply and national output in the model is done. The analysis showed an equilibrium association between exchange rate and interest rate-cum-other variables and steady rectification of deviance from long-run stability over a sequence of incomplete short-run modifications. Increase in domestic and world interest rate, inflation, money supply and GDPat equilibrium would strengthen the exchange rate. Besides, further findings showed some bidirectional causal associations among the variables. By long-run implication, the targeting of an appropriate exchange rate in Nigeria requires a tightened monetary policy that is not inflation and growth biased. However, increase in world interest rate, money supply and inflation rate must be moderate in order not to worsen the exchange rate as suggested by the short-run result.
Formulation and validation of an Enabling Developmental Environment Scale (EDES) for local economic development (LED
Authors: Meyer Daniel Francois , Keyser ElsabÃ©
Published: January 2018

Local government is one of the main role players in local economic development (LED) and need to assist in the creation of an enabling developmental environment for local businesses to prosper. Partnerships are required between local government, businesses and communities for regions to develop, yet in many cases government at this level fails to create this developmental enabling environment. This research has as its focus on the formulation and validation of an Enabling Developmental Environment Scale (EDES). This scale will allow local government to be evaluated, assessed and compared regarding the creation of such a developmental environment. The pilot study involved152 participants from the Vaal Triangle region, South Africa. Reliability and construct validity of the instrument weretested by using the Cronbachâ€™s Alpha Coefficient and Varimax Factor Analysis. It is evident from the results that thescale is a valid and reliable tool for researchers to evaluate and assess the level of an enabling environment as created by local government in a specific region.
The Potential Role of PPPs in Developing a Sustainable SME Sector in Developing Countries: A South African Experience
Authors: Mabuza Patrick
Published: January 2018

The introduction of Public-private Partnerships (PPPs) in infrastructure provision has changed the way in which governments around the world now view infrastructure provision. However, the introduction of PPPs to deliver infrastructure has not benefited the broader public.  Although SMEs are important for employment creation, inequality and poverty reduction, the participation of SMEs (small and medium enterprises) in PPP projects is very low in developing countries. This is because PPP models in developing countries are developed based on those used in developed economies, and such models ignore the socioeconomic realities facing developing countries. The objective of this study is therefore to demonstrate that PPP projects in developing countries present an opportunity for growing the SME sector and create the needed jobs and contribute to poverty alleviation. The study has found that PPP projects have the potential to develop a sustainable SME sector, as it has found that SMEs do participate in PPP projects; however, their participation is curtailed by a number of challenges such as: lack of access to finance, limited human resources, low technological capabilities, and lack of access to markets. It also found that linking SMEs to PPP projects may address some of these challenges to a certain extent, especially if SMEs provide services to PPP projects during both the implementation and the operational phases of PPP projects. It also found that PPPs have not yet been identified by the South African government as one of the initiatives that can facilitate SME development. Most focus on PPP projects is only on ensuring that they include ownership by previously disadvantaged South Africans.  The study recommends that a policy be developed that will incentivise PPP firms to use SMEs in their projects and penalise those PPP firms that fail to comply with the policy imperatives.  It went on and found that the different South African government institutional initiatives or frameworks to support SMEs seem to be adequate; however, what is needed is a cohesive approach that links all these initiatives together and ensures that they support one another.
Finance Function Performance Measurement-A Data Envelopment Analysis Approach
Authors: Migiro Stephen , Shewell Patricia
Published: January 2018

The practice of measuring performance of the finance function as a business support unit is not widespread. This study assessed the importance of measuring finance function performance, by ascertaining whether such measurement facilitates identification of the relative efficiency of business finance functions, and by establishing its impact, if any, on overall company performance. Focussing on a sample of companies in the South African Freight Forwarding industry, a performance metric was developed and implemented to measure finance function performance. Relative finance function efficiency was then evaluated using inputorientated data envelopment analysis (DEA) to identify â€˜best in classâ€™ performance and to benchmark participantsâ€™ performance. Further, value chain DEA (VC-DEA) was applied to evaluate finance function efficiency simultaneously with overall company efficiency. Results show that implementation of the performance metric together with DEA facilitated the benchmarking of the finance functions of the sample group and the establishment of improvement targets for the finance functions determined as inefficient. In addition, a link between overall company performance and finance function performance in terms of inputs was confirmed; however, this link was not conclusively established as regards finance function performance in terms of outputs. The contribution of the study includes confirmation that implementation of the performance metric together with DEA facilitates the critical evaluation of finance function performance, thus establishing the importance of measuring the performance of the finance functions. In addition, incorporating the use of DEA in a performance framework for the finance function as a business support unit has extended the range of applications of DEA.
The Role of Competitive Intelligence in Trade Facilitation in an Emerging Economy
Authors: Maune Alexander
Published: January 2018

This article analyzed the role of competitive intelligence in trade facilitation in Zimbabwe, whose economy depends largely on exports of unprocessed minerals and tobacco among others to international markets. This study has been carried out when the country is facing persistent trade deficits as well as a number of trade complexities.This article was informed by both deductive and inductive approaches with an econometric model being developed to analyse the relationship between economic growth (GDP) and trade. A multiple regression analysis was used to measure this phenomenon using secondary data that was extracted from World Bank`s databases for the period 1975-2015. This analysis was then followed by a literature review of some identified peer-reviewed, published articles and documents that necessitated the development of a conceptual framework. The framework complemented the findings of the regression model.The special role of trade in economic development was analyzed using an econometric model with a positive correlation of 0.8045 obtained. An F-value equal to 34.86 was also obtained which is much greater than 1 thereby suggesting that the hypothesis H0 is false. This was also confirmed by the p-value of 0.000000002526< 0.05. The coefficient of determination R2, also known as the multiple R2, expresses the proportion of total variance explained by the independent variables and in this case an R2 of 0.647224 shows that the model was able to explain approximately 64.72% of the variation embedded in GDP. Competitive intelligence has been identified as a critical component in trade facilitation with positive effects on growth of trade, economy growth and development. It was also found that competitive intelligence enhances trade facilitation and hence its role cannot be overemphasized. This article is, however, of great significance to policy-makers, researchers and the academia.
Inflation Dynamics in Algeria
Authors: Mehibel Samer , Belarbi Yacine
Published: January 2018

In thispaper, we analyze Inflation Dynamics in Algeria between 2002 and 2016. We use a Vector Auto Regressive model (VAR), impulse response functions (IRF) and variance error decomposition (VDC) to uncover possible links between public spending component sand inflation. Wetest for the sources and dynamics of inflation in Algeria by focusing on public spending, since they are expected to exert a strong influence on the aggregate demand and hence inflation. According to the results we found, inflation in Algeria is persistent; shocks are lasting longer and having impact on the future inflation path. Social transfers and equipment spending are found to be the most contributing components of public spending in explaining inflation in Algeria.
The Effect of Job Satisfaction on the Organisational Commitment of Administrators
Authors: Thabane L J , Radebe P Q , Dhurup M.
Published: January 2018

Administrators are an important human resource in Higher Education because they perform various duties that are critical to the daily operations of universities. In light of this, organisational commitment and job satisfaction of administrators are essential for the efficiency and effectiveness of universities. Notwithstanding the critical relevance and necessity of organisational commitment and job satisfaction, there is evidence of paucity of research on these areas among administrative staff in the South African higher education sector. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between organisational commitment and overall job satisfaction on the organisational commitment of administrators at a university in Gauteng. To achieve the aforementioned objective, a quantitative survey approach was used to examine the relationship between overall job satisfaction and organisational commitment. The selfadministered structured questionnaires were issued to 383 administrative staff members. Descriptive statistics was utilised to assess the levels of both organisational commitment and job satisfaction, results of which revealed that administrators were satisfied with and committed to the university. Spearman’s rho correlation analysis showed that there was a strong correlation between affective commitment and job satisfaction; and moderate correlations between job satisfaction and moral imperative. Similar strong correlation was observed between indebted obligation and job satisfaction. Conversely, a weak correlation occurred between job satisfaction and continuance commitment. Regression coefficients indicated that job satisfaction contributed positively to the prediction of affective commitment, moral imperative, indebted obligation and continuance commitment. Based on these findings, the recommendations and future research opportunities were suggested.
Perceptions of the National Credit Regulator on the usefulness of the debt counselling process in South Africa
Authors: Masilo K. H.
Published: January 2018

The South African National Credit Regulator is responsible for the regulation of credit industry, registration and training of debt counsellors, enforcement and monitoring compliance of the provisions of the National Credit Act. The aim of this paper is therefore to analyse the perceptions of the National Credit Regulator on the usefulness of debt counselling process in South Africa. A qualitative approach, which was exploratory in nature, was adopted for this study. Ten employees from the National Credit Regulator’s office were interviewed. There was no evidence that debt counsellors were managing the debt counselling service effectively. It was also observed that the debt counsellors received insufficient support from the National Credit Regulator.  The paper recommends that the National Credit Regulator should adequately support the debt counsellors so that they can effectively manage debt counselling service and ultimately assist the overindebted consumers. Debt counsellors training curriculum should also be outcomes- based approach with exposure to business management.
The Relationship between Oil Price Volatility and Macroeconomic Variables in Nigeria: A Vector Autoregressive (VAR) Approach
Authors: Okoli Tochukwu Timothy , Tewari Devi Datt , Rhodaoluwafisayomi Ajibola
Published: January 2018

Nigeria as an oil exporting mono-economy is susceptible to fluctuations in the world oil prices. About 97 percent of the government’s revenues are gotten from proceeds from oil export. The study attempts to assess the behaviors of macroeconomic variables in the face of oil price volatility in Nigeria. The empirical evidences reveal that macroeconomic variables were susceptibility to volatility in Oil Price. The theoretical framework is based on the Mundel-Flaming model and adopts the variance decomposition and impulse response functions to explain the dynamic properties of the VAR methodology. The impulse response results reveal that a one standard deviation in oil price will trigger a significant change in RGDP, GEXP, INFLATION and IMPORT both in the short and long run, and IR and EXR significantly only in the short run. Finally, the variance decomposition of RGDP, GEXP and EXR reveals that the variability in them were significantly explained by oil price volatility and other tests ran reveals a consistent result. Therefore, volatility in oil price has direct impact on real GDP, Government expenditure, inflation, interest rate, exchange rate and import. The researchers therefore recommend diversification of the economy to other sectors, financial prudence, sound fiscal policy and the lowering of interest rate to stimulate domestic investment.
FDI and FPI Determinants in Developing African Countries
Authors: Makoni Patricia Lindelwa
Published: January 2018

We examine drivers of foreign direct investment (FDI) and foreign portfolio investment (FPI) in nine selected African economies, during the period 1980 to 2014, with particular interest in the role of financial market development. We set out to explore the drivers of FDI and FPI in selected African countries, respectively. We employ the dynamic GMM methodology to assess the motivators of inward foreign flows. The results show that FDI inflows are generally dependent on past inflows of FDI, low inflation, infrastructural development, and real GDP growth rate; while stock market capitalisation, commercial bank assets gauged against commercial and central bank assets as well as domestic credit to the private sector by banks intermediate for financial market development. On the other hand, we find that FPI inflows are attracted to foreign destinations due to previous FPI inflows, the real exchange rate, inflation rates and the presence of developed infrastructure. Further, developed financial markets, as proxied by stock market capitalisation, were found to significantly and positively influence inward FPI flows, while a closed financial account and low interest rate discouraged FPI. The significant contribution of this paper is that its findings empirically confirm FDI and FPI theory, as postulated in Dunning’s eclectic paradigm insofar as the main “location” variables that enhance host country attractiveness are concerned, specifically in the African context. In light of these findings, we recommend that policy makers strengthen their domestic markets, complemented by appropriate regulations and institutions to attract foreign investment flows, while reducing their dependency on international aid and loans.
Narzędzia public relations wykorzystywane w kreowaniu wizerunku organizacji pozarządowej
Authors: Jaska Ewa , Werenowska Agnieszka
Published: January 2018

Komunikacja społeczna, w tym działania z obszaru public relations (PR), odgrywa istotną rolę w funkcjonowaniu każdej organizacji, także pozarządowej. Poprzez wchodzenie w interakcje wpływa się na kształtowanie określonych postaw w społeczeństwie oraz postrzeganie organizacji. Celem opracowania jest przedstawienie narzędzi PR wykorzystywanych przez organizacje pozarządowe w kontaktach z otoczeniem. W czerwcu 2015 roku przeprowadzono badanie ankietowe (141 osób), aby zdefiniować instrumentarium PR stosowane przez organizacje pozarządowe i określić znajomość wizerunku wybranej organizacji pozarządowej, tj. Polskiej Akcji Humanitarnej (PAH). W artykule zaprezentowano narzędzia PR wykorzystywane przez PAH w procesie kreowania wizerunku. Specyfika organizacji pozarządowej determinuje wybór narzędzi kreacji wizerunku. Spośród wielu dostępnych instrumentów, zarówno w kategorii tradycyjnych, jak i nowoczesnych, najistotniejszymi z perspektywy kształtowania wizerunku wewnętrznego były rozmowy bezpośrednie i szkolenia. Dla budowania zewnętrznego wizerunku największe znaczenie miała strona internetowa oraz organizowane wydarzenia.
Wybrane aspekty spożycia wołowiny w rejonie o niekorzystnych wskaźnikach makroekonomicznych
Authors: Gutkowska Krystyna , Batóg Agnieszka , Sajdakowska Marta
Published: January 2018

Celem podjętych badań było określenie specyfiki zachowań konsumentów wołowiny z województwa świętokrzyskiego zarówno w odniesieniu do częstotliwości, wielkości i powodów jej spożywania, jak i innych aspektów zachowań żywieniowych konsumentów zamieszkujących ten region kraju. Analiza danych wtórnych oraz badań ankietowych przeprowadzonych wśród mieszkańców województwa świętokrzyskiego w okresie od lutego 2013 do września 2014 roku potwierdziła, że niezależnie od sytuacji makroekonomicznej regionu na poziom spożycia wołowiny w lokalnych gospodarstwach domowych wpływają statystycznie istotnie zmienne, takie jak: wiek członków rodziny, ich wykształcenie, wykonywane przez nich zawody, liczba dzieci w wieku do 18 lat na utrzymaniu. Nie zauważa się zaś, aby w gospodarstwach domowych w województwie o niekorzystnych wskaźnikach makroekonomicznych, istniał statystycznie istotny wpływ dochodu gospodarstwa na poziom, a więc i częstotliwość spożycia wołowiny. W skali ogólnopolskiej zaobserwowano zależność, że im większy dochód gospodarstwa, tym większe spożycie wołowiny. Nie udokumentowano tej zależności w badaniach przeprowadzonych w województwie świętokrzyskim, co można uzasadnić istnieniem w tym rejonie kraju żywszej tradycji konsumpcji wołowiny. Takie przypuszczenie potwierdzają również przedstawione w artykule spostrzeżenia dotyczące większego, niż stwierdzono średnio w Polsce odsetka konsumentów niezadowolonych z aktualnego poziomu spożycia wołowiny w ich gospodarstwach domowych.
Wpływ pokrycia dachu na ilość i wielkość zawiesin w spływach deszczowych
Authors: Burszta-Adamiak Ewa , Dragański Piotr , Urbańska Karolina
Published: January 2018

Among various drainage surfaces which allow rainwater to be utilised locally, roofs are frequently chosen solution. This is because they represent a big share of all sealed surfaces in cities and discharged liquids are considered potentially clean. Scientific reports confirm that pollutants accumulate on roofs and influence the quality of discharged water. Suspended solids are the biggest group of pollutants which occur in runoffs. The selection of rainwater pre-treatment installation and further use of the water depends on the concentration of suspended solids and their particle size. This article describes results of a research concerning suspended solids discharged from roofs made of traditional materials as well as green-roofs located in urban areas. The quantity and size of particles were assessed against rainfall characteristics: rainfall depth, length of antecedent dry weather periods and season. Results of the research show diversity of concentration levels and size of suspended solids within runoffs in reference to roofing materials, rainfall characteristics and season. The highest concentrations of suspended solids in runoff from traditional roofs were observed during rainfall depth less than 5 mm, after ancedent dry weather periods more than  50 h and in winter. These parameters did not have significantly influence on the low concentrations of suspended solids in runoff from green roofs. Suspended solids particles with the size of up to 200 μm constitute the biggest share of all roof runoffs.
The model relationship of wastes for parameter design with green lean production of fresh water
Authors: Tamjidillah Mastiadi , Pratikto Pratikto , Santoso Purnomo , Sugiono Sugiono
Published: January 2018

Lean manufacturing is about eliminating waste including the seven traditional, this writing suggested an observation on no value added of seven wastes influencing the process of fresh water production. The relationship value among waste was statistically verified to create an approach for continuous improvement action. Thus, the main goal of this research is to develop a methodology of relationship among wastes and eliminate them. In relationship among wastes, it could be known that the high value indicating how often it happened in the production process gave direct cause in the system of fresh water treatment. A recommendation to reduce the highest value of waste is by doing improvement on parameter setting to obtain an optimum mixing model between water supply, alum and stroke pump with Taguchi method. The interaction of relationship among these seven types of waste can be portrayed using fishbone diagram and a relationship model among wastes using PLS smart (partial least squares). The final relationship model with the highest value of waste was analyzed using off-line quality control to upgrade the quality of fresh water used as the basis to eliminate waste and find out the optimal parameter of mixing process in accordance with the health standard.
Comparative water scarcity footprint study of two nuclear power plants
Authors: Ansorge Libor , Dlabal Jiří
Published: January 2018

This study compares the Life Cycle Assessment based Water Scarcity Footprint of produced energy unit in two nuclear power plants in the Czech Republic between 2005 and 2015. Primary data has been used to allocate impacts to the core processing stage. Although the real total amount of water consumption in both power plants is similar, the water scarcity footprint in Temelín nuclear power plant is of approximately 8.9 m3 H2Oeq per MWh lower than in Dukovany power plant. The cooling water has the most significant contribution to the freshwater availability impact category. Evaporation from reservoirs which are a part of water management of the individual power plants has lower, but not inconsiderable, contribution to the water consumption. In the case of Temelín nuclear power plant, the loss caused by evaporation from Hněvkovice reservoir is of approximately 6.5% of the difference between withdrawal and discharge of the power plant. In the case of Dukovany nuclear power plant, evaporation from Dalešice - Mohelno reservoir is of even around 11%.
Przydatność kryteriów litogenetycznych w konstrukcji numerycznego modelu krążenia wód podziemnych w strefie krawędziowej wysoczyzny
Authors: Falkowski Tomasz , Bujakowski Filip , Ostrowski Piotr , Wierzbicki Grzegorz
Published: January 2018

The aim of the study was to assess the quality of soils underneath operating railway lines. The lines selected for the examination were outside the reach of external sources of potential pollution. The samples were collected along a plain line section after and before an upgrade work, within the station area and in a railway equipment repair yard. The assessment covered the following types of sections: single-track, double-track, with wooden and concrete sleepers, adjacent to switches subject to lubrication, in the car shunting yard and visibly contaminated areas. The samples were tested for the content of PAH, zinc, copper, lead and PCB. The study did not find evidence of increased levels of the above-listed compounds as compared to the levels found in arable soils located in the vicinity of the line or of their influence on adjacent lands. The content of the examined compounds did not differ depending on the type of line section or its properties. The content of PAH, considered one of the main railway-related pollutants, was sufficiently low to classify the soil along the line and within the station area as unpolluted or slightly polluted.
Demographical Ageing of the EU Member States’ Societies
Authors: Wasilewska Ewa
Published: January 2018

A spatial differentiation of the level of demographical senility was illustrated in the study, along with determination of dynamics of the European Union Member States ageing process (EU 27). The research period included years 1996-2016. The measures of demographical senility were used in the static and dynamical aspect. Country grouping due to the level of demographical senility advancement was performed based on statistical measures. A significant differentiation of the demographical senility level and population ageing process in the spatial system were found. The highest degree of demographical senility advancement was observed in the countries of “the old” Union but the greatest dynamics of this process was shown in the case of new Member States, including Poland and Baltic States.
Comparison of Agriculture Biotechnology and its Spatial Diversification among Different Countries of the World
Authors: Andrzejuk Adam
Published: January 2018

The importance of biotech crops have risen dramatically in the last two decades since their first commercialization. The area of those crops is increasing fast. Soybeans, maize, canola and cotton represent almost 100 percent of area cultivated with biotech crops globally. The number of countries growing biotech crops is also increasing, however currently the United States, Brazil and Argentina are responsible for the largest share of biotech crops among all countries. In 2016, those countries accounted for more than 81% of total world biotech crop area. Judging the potential to introduce new biotechnology, currently the country with the highest number of biotechnology companies is the US followed by Spain and France. In terms of spending on R&D the US is followed by France, Switzerland and South Korea. It must be noted that the highest number of biotech companies and the highest spending is concentrated in the US. Agricultural biotechnology constitute only a small percentage of all biotechnology R&D expenditures.
The New Silk Road: Seeking Opportunities for Polish Exports in the Chinese Market
Authors: Cieślik Ewa
Published: January 2018

The paper presents preliminary studies related to the problems of the New Silk Road and its influence on the Polish economy. The aim of the report is to define tendencies in the trade exchange between Poland and China and to evaluate the capacity of Polish exports to the Chinese market. The paper tries to answer the question whether the contemporary structure of Polish exports to the Chinese market allows for the full use of the potential of the Middle Kingdom market. In the study, the indicative trade potential was used.
Relational Premises in the Cooperation Between Farms with Conservative Breeds and Industry Organisations
Authors: Domagalska-Grędys Marta
Published: January 2018

The main aim of the study was to indicate relational premises in the cooperation between industry organisations and farms with conservative breeds (cattle, pigs, and sheep). It has been assumed that the processes of integration of domestic animal breeders depend on the state of the relationships established (in terms of quality, sustainability, dependence and uniqueness) with industry organisations. The research was carried out on the basis of an interview questionnaire (in 2017) with farmers from south-eastern Poland, representatives of organisations, and a review of secondary sources describing the activities of industry organisations since the beginning of their existence. The specificity of the entities under analysis stems from their role and responsibilities. Breeders contribute to the growth of biodiversity, while industry organisations are an important partner in their relationships as they support farms (they mediate in the contracting process, organise trainings, represent the interests of producers in Poland and abroad). Preliminary results of the research indicate that the best conditions for cooperation are in the networks of breeders of conservative breeds of pigs as well as in interorganisational relationships with the ‘POLSUS’ industry organisation.
Eco-innovative Activity of Ukrainian SMEs
Authors: Horin Nataliya
Published: January 2018

The study attempts to investigate the eco-innovative activity of Ukrainian enterprises according to their size (small, medium, and large) with special focus on SMEs as the predominant group of enterprises, which ensure the innovative development of the whole national economy, and is central to the efforts to achieve environmental sustainability and green growth. The empirical analysis is based on a questionnaire survey of 254 Ukrainian enterprises of different sizes; the survey presents data on their current state and foreign trade activity, opportunities and barriers for the implementation of technological innovations and eco-innovations. The relationships between the export and eco-innovative activities is also explored. The analysis showed that SMEs are less eco-innovative in comparison with large enterprises, have fewer numbers of exporters than large firms, but exporters are more eco-innovative than non-exporters. Also, the size of the Eco-innovation Index for Ukraine was calculated. Based on the obtained results, Ukraine is an economy with a low level of eco-innovativeness, so, the study is extremely important.
Food Security and Self-Sufficiency in Europe
Authors: Jacková Silvia , Dobošová Ľudmila , Kadlečíková Mária , Kapsdorferová Zuzana
Published: January 2018

The submitted scientific paper deals with food security and self-sufficiency in Europe in EU-15 and EU-13 countries. The objective of this paper was to evaluate upon the basis of the Global Food Security Index, the overall food security situation in the European Union states. The countries are divided into two groups. The first is composed of fourteen selected states from the EU -15 and the second group is six selected states from the EU-13. In addition to the Food Security Index, the Food Affordability, Food Availability, and the Food Quality and Safety Indexes were also analyzed. The research data were obtained from the authors‘ own research based on the Global Food Security Index Report, and from FAO.
Convergence of the Labour Productivity in European Union Agriculture
Authors: Jaroszewska Joanna , Pietrzykowski Robert
Published: January 2018

The objective of the paper is to examine the changes in the level of diversification of the labour productivity in the European Union countries in the years 1998-2015, and then to determine whether there is any convergence of the labour productivity among these countries. The labour productivity has been calculated as a relation of the gross value added at constant prices per one full-time employee. The study used the Economic Accounts for Agriculture (EAA) and the Agricultural Labour Input (ALI). The study covered the European Union countries, broken down by the countries of the „old” EU (EU-15) and the countries admitted to the EU after 2004. In order to determine the changes occurring in these countries, sigma-convergence (σ) and beta-convergence (β) have been used. The study shows that after 2011 there was a process of convergence among the EU countries in terms of the labour productivity in agriculture.
Poland's Competitive Position in Trade in Agri-Food Products with the United Kingdom – Selected Aspects
Authors: Łapińska Justyna , Graszewicz Maurycy , Zdunek-Rosa Ewa
Published: January 2018

Thirteen years have passed since Poland's accession to the European Union. This is a period long enough to make some generalisations over the accession results. This paper focuses on assessing the competitive position of Poland in trade in agri-food products with one of its most important trading partners – the United Kingdom. For this purpose, quantitative indexes of competitive positioning were used, in particular, the trade coverage ratio as well as the revealed comparative advantage indexes – RCAi and LFIi. The conducted analyses show that Poland's competitive position in agri-food trade with the United Kingdom improved markedly over the period considered. The dynamic growth in trade, especially in exports, a significant increase in the trade balance surplus, and generally favourable comparative advantage indexes for Poland show that the period of EU membership has been well utilised by Polish food producers. Polish food is increasingly eagerly bought by demanding British consumers.