bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Citrus aurantifolia(Christm.) Swingle (lime) Fruit Extract Inhibits the Activities of Polyol Pathway Enzymes
Authors: Kazeem Mutiu Idowu , Bankole Habeeb Adebodun , Oladokun Tolulope Israel , Bello Ahmed Oloruntoba , Maliki Monsurah Adenike
Published: August 2020

Diabetes mellitus is associated with several complications, which may result from one or more factors including increased flux of polyol pathway. This study evaluated the inhibitory potential of four citrus fruits namelyCitrus paradisiMacfad. (grape),Citrus limon(L.) Osbeck (lemon),Citrus aurantifolia(Christm.) Swingle (lime) andCitrus sinensis(L.) Osbeck (orange), on the activities of aldose reductase and sorbitol dehydrogenase – the two enzymes that mediate the polyol pathway. This is determined by incubating citrus extracts with appropriate enzymes and substrates. Fruit extract with the lowest half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was used to assess the mode of inhibition of the enzymes by preparing Lineweaver–Burk plot. Citrus fruits tested inhibited sorbitol dehydrogenase more than aldose reductase, which resulted in lowered IC50values. Of all the citrus fruits tested, lime fruit extract displayed potent inhibition of aldose reductase (IC50: 138.66 µg/mL) and sorbitol dehydrogenase (IC50: 47.21 µg/mL). Kinetic studies also revealed that lime fruit extract inhibited the activities of both enzymes in a competitive manner. In conclusion, the inhibition of the polyol pathway enzymes by the lime fruit extract may be attributed to the presence of phytochemicals such as flavonoids and limonoids.
PERBEDAAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA YANG DIAJARKAN DENGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE STUDENT FACILITATOR AND EXPLAINING DAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KONVENSIONAL PADA MATERI STATISTIKA DI KELAS XI SMA NEGERI 1 TNS
Authors: Tato Jen Frisilia , Palinussa Anderson L , Huwaa Novalin C
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya perbedaan hasil belajar siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 TNS yang diajarkan menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Student Facilitator and Explaining (SFE) dan model pembelajaran konvensional pada materi statistika. Tipe penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian eksperimen dengan desain penelitian Post-Test Only Control Group Design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 90 siswa dan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 44 siswa, dipilih menggunakan purposive sampling (sampel Bertujuan). Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa soal tes yang terdiri dari 6 soal uraian untuk tes akhir. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis statistik uji t dan hasil penelitian menunjukan ada perbedaan hasil belajar siswa kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol yang diajarkan dengan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Student Facilitator and Explaining (SFE) dan model pembelajaran konvensional pada materi statistika. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan hasil perhitungan yang diperoleh yakni, nilai t_hitung = 2,6491 lebih besar dari nilai t_tabel = 1,682 dan nilai Sig. (2-tailed) lebih kecil dari nilai α = 0,05 yakni 0,002
IMPLEMENTASI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN POWER POINT PADA KONSEP REDUKSI-OKSIDASI TERHADAP PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS X SMA NEGERI 6 AMBON
Authors: Belseran A , Unwakoly S , Al Hamid F
Published: August 2020

Telah dilakukan penelitian pembelajaran pada konsep reduksi-oksidasi yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar siswa melalui penerapan media pembelajaran power point  kelas X SMA Negeri 6 Ambon. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X MIA1 SMA Negeri 6 Ambon semester genap Tahun Pelajaran 2018-2019. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik tes dan observasi belajar siswa. Dari hasil analisa data diperoleh bahwa hasil belajar siswa kelas X MIA1 telah mencapai kriteria ketuntasan minimal yaitu pada aspek kognif, afektif, psikomotor dengan nilai akhir yang diperoleh adalah kualifikasi sangat baik 3 siswa (14,09%), kualifikasi baik 14 siswa (66,66%), dan kualifikasi cukup 4 siswa (19,05%). Data pencapaian N-gain yang diperoleh yaitu 17 siswa (80,95%) mencapai kategori gain tinggi dan 4 siswa (19,05%) mencapai gain sedang. Hasil respon siswa terhadap pembelajaran menggunakan power point diperoleh presentase rata-rata sebesar 76,69% dengan kategori sangat baik. Oleh karena itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan media pembelajaran power point memberikan hasil dan respon yang baik untuk hasil belajar siswa pada konsep reduksi-oksidasi dengan kriteria pencapaian n-gain yang diperoleh adalah 0,77.
KONDISI OPTIMUM ELEKTROPLATING BAJA KARBON RENDAH MENGGUNAKAN LOGAM SENG (Zn)
Authors: Kayadoe Victor , Filindity Yuli T
Published: August 2020

Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk menentukan kondisi optimum pelapisan baja karbon rendah menggunakan logam seng (Zn) dengan metode elektroplating. Penelitian ini menggunakan beberapa variabel yaitu waktu, arus, suhu, dan pH larutan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kondisi optimum untuk menghasilkan kualitas lapisan yang baik adalah pada waktu 10 menit, arus 0,4 ampere, suhu 40oC dan pH 3. Setelah dilakukan uji korosi, baja karbon rendah yang telah dilapisi seng (Zn) mempunyai daya tahan yang tinggi terhadap korosi dibandingkan baja karbon rendah tanpa pelapis. Hal ini disebabkan seng (Zn) sebagai logam pelapis dapat membentuk lapisan oksida yang melindungi baja karbon rendah terhadap kerusakan lebih lanjut.
Pendampingan Pengenalan Data Warehouse Pada Kunjungan Tamu di Kebun Eka Karya Bedugul-Bali
Authors: Purnama Nyoman
Published: August 2020

Bedugul merupakan daerah wisata yang terdiri dari danau dan gunung di Bali, Indonesia, dan terletak di bagian tengah pulau Bali antara Denpasar dan Singaraja. Di daerah bedugul terdapat 3 danau dan tempat wisata utama yakni Kebun raya Eka Karya. Kebun Raya Eka Karya Bedugul dikunjungi oleh berbagai wisatawan baik itu lokal maupun mancanegara, Kebun Raya Eka Karya Bali ini adalah sebuah kebun botani atau taman botani tropis yang luas dan besar. Data kunjungan wisatawan  yang masuk ke kebun raya ini berubah ubah setiap tahunnya. Kunjungan yang masuk ke Kebun Raya Eka Karya Bedugul tersebut dicatat setiap harinya berdasarkan beberapa kriteria. Diantaranya yakni jumlah kunjungan mobil keliling, orang yang masuk dan parkir mobil. Data dari pengunjung selama ini masih dibuat dalam bentuk manual berupa file spreadsheet. Dengan semakin berkembangnya jumlah pengunjung setiap tahunnya, penyimpanan model ini tidak praktis. Oleh karena itu perlu dikembangkann aplikasi data warehouse, yang dapat memantau kunjungan wisatawan yang datang ke kebun raya Eka Karya Bedugul pada periode yang diinginkan.  Agar penggunaan sistem ini berjalan dengan baik, maka diperlukan pendampingan dan pelatihan dalam penggunaannya. Pendampingan sudah dilakukan pada pihak manajemen di Kebun Eka Karya Bedugul.
Whether Japan has Realized its National Interests through the ODA to China: A Study on Japan’s ODA to China
Authors: QIN QIAN
Published: August 2020

This paper introduces the history of Japan’s ODA to China, and examines the realisation of national interests through both quantitative and qualitative methods. Even though most scholars acknowledged that providing foreign aid is always connected to the national interests of the donor countries, it should be further discussed what those national interests are and how those interests are realised. This paper therefore summarised the national role conception and categories of national interests of Japan regarding the ODA policy to China through narrative analysis based on the role theory. In general, Japan’s ODA to China has achieved some of the diplomatic objectives successfully, but failed to achieve all.
Motivation for learning EFL in Tunisia: An eclectic theoretical approach and a structural equation modeling approach
Authors: Hermessi Tarek
Published: August 2020

A Likert scale Questionnaire
Transatlantic excess mortality comparisons in the pandemic
Authors: ARON JANINE , Muellbauer John
Published: August 2020

In a previous article, we considered key issues for comparing rates of excess mortality between countries and regions, with an application to European countries. This article compares the U.S. with Europe, and U.S. regions with the main European countries. The U.S. policy-makers had multiple advantages over European countries, such as Italy and Spain, in responding to the first wave of the Covid-19 pandemic: more time to react, with excess deaths lagging three weeks behind, and a younger, less densely-populated, less urban population. With the further passage of time, medical knowledge about Covid-19 has improved, health and testing capacities have been built up and practical experience has allowed both the private precautionary responses of citizens and of public policies to develop. This should have given countries and regions, for example, the U.S. South, the West and the Midwest, together accounting for 83 percent of the U.S. population, and where the spread of virus occurred later, a further advantage over those caught up in the first pandemic wave. Despite this, a comparison for the whole of the U.S. with Europe, excluding Russia, shows that the cumulative rate of excess mortality in 2020 was higher in the U.S.. And for the U.S. Northeast, the most comparable U.S. region, being closest to major European countries in the timing of the pandemic, and in population-density, age and urbanisation, the plausible measures of excess mortality prove substantially worse than for the worst-affected countries in Europe. These findings contradict recent claims by the U.S. President.
Behavioral and neural correlates of speech motor sequence learning in stuttering and neurotypical speakers: an fMRI investigation
Authors: Masapollo Matthew
Published: August 2020

Stuttering is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impaired execution of articulatory movements needed for fluent speech production. Existing theoretical models propose that these deficits reflect a malfunction in the cortico-basal-ganglia-thalamocortical (cortico-BG) loop that is responsible for selecting and initiating speech motor programs. However, the cortico-BG loop has also been hypothesized to play a role in speech motor learning. To distinguish motor execution impairments from motor learning impairments in stuttering, the authors examined the behavioral and neural correlates of learning to produce novel phoneme sequences in adults who stutter (AWS) and neurotypical controls. Participants intensively practiced producing pseudowords containing non-native consonant clusters over two days. Results showed that, behaviorally, both AWS and controls produced the words with increased speed and accuracy following motor practice, and the rate of improvement was comparable for the two groups. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), the authors compared brain activity during articulation of the practiced words and a set of novel pseudowords (matched in phonetic complexity). FMRI analyses revealed no differences between AWS and controls in cortical or subcortical regions; both groups showed comparable increases in activation in left-lateralized brain areas implicated in phonological working memory and speech motor planning during production of the novel sequences compared to the practiced sequences. Moreover, activation in left-lateralized basal ganglia sites was negatively correlated with stuttering severity in AWS. Collectively, these findings indicate that AWS exhibit no deficit in learning novel speech sequences but do show impaired execution of these sequences prior to and after learning.
MANAJEMEN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Arsyam Muhammad
Published: August 2020

Islam sangat memperhatikan pentingnya Manajemen, hal ini sesuai pesan sayyidina Ali ibn Thalib “Al haqqu bila nidham yablibuhul bathil bin nidham” yang artinya ”kebenaran yang tidak terorganisir atau tidak dikelola secara dengan rapi akan dihancurkan atau dikalahkan oleh kebathilan /kejahatan yang tersusun atau terorganisir secara rapi”. Berarti hakekat manajemen adalah mengatur atau mengelola agar menajdi lebih baik dan bermanfaat.Secara umum Manajemen diartikan proses mengatur dan mengelola suatu obyek baik yang bersifat fisik maupun non fisik yang dilakukan secara sadar, terencana dan sistematis untuk mencapai tujuan yang telah ditetapkan.
Ali Sarhan Shamran
Authors: Sarhan Ali
Published: August 2020

Medical knowledge information fod covid effect.
A unified approach to the study of language contact: How cross-language priming drives change in noun-adjective order
Authors: Adamou Evangelia , Feltgen Quentin , Padure Cristian
Published: August 2020

Aims and Objectives/Purpose/Research Questions: The connection between language contact and the bilingual speaker goes back to foundational authors in the field of contact linguistics. Yet there is very little work that combines these two levels in a single study. In this paper, we propose a unified approach to language contact by testing the role of cross-language priming on contact-induced change at the level of complex NPs.Design/Methodology/Approach: We conducted three studies with different types of data. In Study 1, we analyse the Romani Morpho-Syntax database to identify word order preferences in Romani dialects from different countries. In Study 2, we examine a corpus of interviews in Romani from Romania. In Study 3, we conduct an experiment to test short-term priming in adjective/noun order from Romanian to Romani and within Romani. Data and Analysis: In Study 1, we examine the word order in approximately 3,000 NPs from 119 Romani speakers. In Study 2, we analyse a speech corpus of 9,400 words from four elderly Romani-Romanian bilinguals. In Study 3, 90 Romani-Romanian bilinguals participated in a priming experiment. We used multinomial mixed-effects logistic regression, Bayesian models and Random Forests to analyse the experimental results. Findings/Conclusions: Study 1 shows that Romani speakers from Romania stand out for their frequent use of postnominal adjectives. Study 2 confirms these uses in free speech. Study 3 reveals significant cross-language priming effects, whereby speakers favour the use of DET-N-ADJ order in Romani immediately following a NDET-ADJ sentence read in Romanian. Originality: Our study is the first to demonstrate cross-language priming effects on linguistic change in adjective/noun order.Significance/Implications: We illustrate a unified approach to language contact by introducing theoretical and methodological advances from the field of bilingualism into the study of contact-induced change.
A crystal plasticity based investigation of fretting fatigue in bioresorbable magnesium elastic stable intramedullary nails (ESINs)
Authors: Boland Enda L. , Ebrahimi Parvin , Gallagher Elizabeth A. , McGarry Patrick
Published: August 2020

In this paper, the effect of pitting corrosion on fatigue life and fretting fatigue of elastic stable intramedullary nails (ESINs) is investigated. To this end, using a crystal plasticity formulation, the behaviour of magnesium under large deformations is investigated by implementing a user defined material subroutine (UMAT) in the Abaqus/Standard finite element solver. Using data provided by SEM images, the approximate configurations of grains in the polycrystalline material are obtained. Adopting Mg-RE (73-2) as one of candidates for implant applications, the fatigue analysis is performed, and the results are compared to the experimental fatigue data for various strain amplitudes. Furthermore, the effect of pitting corrosion on the fatigue life of the material is investigated. It is shown that the maximum accumulated plastic slip occurs at the tip of a corrosion pit. This suggests a faster crack initiation rate on corroded magnesium specimens compared to non-corroded ones, under cyclic loading. Application of pitting corrosion before cyclic loading, causes a significant reduction in the predicted cycles to crack initiation, compared to the uncorroded case. However, the number of cycles to crack initiation is almost the same irrespective of the amount of mass loss due to corrosion. Next, by modelling the fretting fatigue of ESINs, it is demonstrated that plastic slip accumulates at both the contact surface and deeper into the grain microstructure. However, the maximum values of stress and accumulated plastic slip occur at the contact surface. While the grain geometry and orientation influence the location and magnitude of accumulated plastic slip. By modelling the fretting fatigue of the material with different amounts of corrosion, it is shown that the maximum accumulated plastic slip occurs at the contact surface for the case without corrosion, and also for different percentages of corrosion. Finally, the results of fretting fatigue simulation of ESINs show that corrosion significantly accelerates crack initiation due to fretting wear.
Compassion-Cultivating Pedagogy: Advancing Social Justice by Improving Social Cognition through Literary Study
Authors: Bracher Mark , Barnbaum Deborah , Byron Michael , Clewell Tammy , Docherty Nancy , Massardier-Kenney Françoise , Pereplyotchik David , Roxburgh Susan , Smith-Pryor Elizabeth
Published: August 2020

Previous studies suggest that narrative fiction promotes social justice by increasing empathy, but critics have argued that the partiality of empathy severely limits its effectiveness as an engine of social justice, and that what needs to be developed is universal compassion rather than empathy. We created Compassion-Cultivating Pedagogy (CCP) to target the development of two social-cognition capabilities that entail compassion: (1) recognition of self-other overlap and (2) cognizance of the situational, uncontrollable causes of bad character, bad behavior, and bad life-outcomes. Employing a pre/post within- and between-subjects design, we found that students in the CCP classes, but not students in conventionally taught classes, improved in these two areas of social cognition and also exhibited increased preference for compassionate social policies for stigmatized groups. This finding suggests that pedagogy can play a significant role in literature’s contribution to social justice, and that further efforts to develop and test pedagogies for improving social cognition are warranted.
Quiet Fires Fail to Impress: Introverted Expressions of Passion Receive Less Social Worth
Authors: Cormier Grace , Jachimowicz Jon
Published: August 2020

Thinking of passionate people typically brings to mind their vivacious expressions. Prior research has shown that such outward manifestations of passion are often met with increased admiration and support by others. But not everyone may express their passion so animatedly. Drawing on personality research, we argue that vivacious expressions of passion capture only a narrow set of passion expressions: those characteristic of extraversion. We suggest that passion is also expressed in ways more aligned with introversion. Based on emerging sociological perspectives, we subsequently propose that introverted expressions of passion are rewarded less social worth than extraverted expressions of passion. We provide empirical support across four studies with full-time employees (N=1,060), including a study of subordinate-supervisor pairs. Our theory and results highlight that interpersonal effects of passion depend on how passion is expressed, whereby those who express their passion extravertedly—but not introvertedly—are more likely to reach higher organizational echelons.
Adventurous play as a mechanism for reducing risk for childhood anxiety: a conceptual model
Authors: Dodd Helen , Lester Kathryn J.
Published: August 2020

In this conceptual article we draw upon the literature regarding cognitive and behavioural factors that underpin childhood anxiety to outline how a range of these risk markers might be targeted through adventurous play. When children play in an adventurous way, climbing trees, riding their bikes fast downhill, jumping from rocks, they experience feelings of fear and excitement, thrill and adrenaline. We propose that the positive, thrilling, playful emotions associated with this type of child-led play facilitates exposure to fear-provoking situations and, in doing so, provides opportunities for children to learn about physiological arousal, uncertainty and coping. We hypothesise that these learning opportunities will, over time, reduce children’s risk for elevated anxiety by increasing children’s expectations and ability to cope with anxiety, decreasing intolerance of uncertainty and preventing catastrophic misinterpretations of physiological arousal. If our conceptual model is correct then ensuring that children have the physical and psychological space required to play in an adventurous way may help to decrease their risk for elevated or clinical anxiety.
Reduced risk-seeking in chimpanzees in a zero-outcome game
Authors: Keupp Stefanie , Grueneisen Sebastian , Ludvig Elliot Andrew , Warneken Felix , Melis Alicia P.
Published: August 2020

A key component of economic decisions is the integration of information about reward outcomes and probabilities in selecting between competing options. In many species, risky choice is influenced by the magnitude of available outcomes, probability of success, and the possibility of extreme outcomes. Chimpanzees are generally regarded to be risk seeking. In this study we examined two aspects of chimpanzees’ risk preferences: First, whether setting the value of the non-preferred outcome of a risky option to zero changes chimpanzees’ risk preferences, and second, whether individual risk preferences are stable across two different measures. Across two experiments, we found chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes, n = 23) as a group to be risk-neutral to risk-avoidant with highly stable individual risk preferences. We discuss how the possibility of going empty-handed might reduce chimpanzees’ risk seeking relative to previous studies. This malleability in risk preferences as a function of experimental parameters and individual differences raises interesting questions about whether it is appropriate or helpful to categorize a species as a whole as risk-seeking or risk-avoidant.
The Health Behavior Model of Personality in the Context of a Public Health Crisis
Authors: Willroth Emily C , Smith Angela Moriah , shallcross amanda , Graham Eileen Kranz , Mroczek Dan , Ford Brett Quaid
Published: August 2020

Objectives: The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has recommended behavioral measures to slow the spread of COVID-19, such as social distancing and wearing masks. While many individuals comply with these recommendations, compliance has been far from universal. Identifying predictors of compliance is crucial for improving health-behavior messaging and thereby reducing disease spread and fatalities.Method: Here, we report a pre-registered longitudinal study which investigated personality predictors of compliance with CDC recommendations in diverse U.S. adults across five waves from March through August, 2020 (N=596) and cross-sectionally in August, 2020 (N=405). Results: Agreeableness—characterized by compassion—was a strong predictor of compliance, above and beyond other traits and demographic predictors. The effect of agreeableness was robust across two diverse samples, three sets of sensitivity analyses, and was not moderated by time or demographic variables. Conclusions: Individuals who are less agreeable are at high-risk for non-compliance with behavioral mandates, suggesting that health messaging can be meaningfully improved with approaches that address these individuals in particular. Indeed, current health-behavior messaging may be especially misaligned with these individuals, as it has largely focused on appeals to agreeableness (e.g., compassion) by emphasizing the community-protective benefits of slowing the spread of COVID-19. Combining current health-behavior messaging with alternative appeals that are more likely to reach less agreeable individuals may be particularly effective. These findings highlight the strong theoretical and practical utility of testing long-standing psychological theories using rigorous methods during real-world crises.
Changes in visual cortical processing attenuate singleton distraction during visual search
Authors: Won Bo Yeong , Forloines Martha , Zhou Zhiheng , Geng Joy
Published: August 2020

The ability to suppress distractions is essential to successful completion of goal-directed behaviors. Several behavioral studies have recently provided strong evidence that learned suppression may be particularly efficient in reducing distractor interference. Expectations about a distractor’s repeated location, color, or even presence is rapidly learned and used to attenuate interference. In this study, we use a visual search paradigm in which a color singleton, which is known to capture attention, occurs within blocks with high or low frequency. The behavioral results show reduced singleton interference during the high compared to the low frequency block (Won et al., 2019). The fMRI results provide evidence that the attenuation of distractor interference is supported by changes in singleton, target, and non-salient distractor representations within retinotopic visual cortex. These changes in visual cortex are accompanied by findings that singleton-present trials compared to non-singleton trials produce greater activation in bilateral parietal cortex, indicative of attentional capture, in low frequency, but not high frequency blocks. Together, these results suggest that the readout of saliency signals associated with an expected color singleton from visual cortex is suppressed, resulting in less competition for attentional priority in frontoparietal attentional control regions.
Generations and Generational Differences: Debunking Myths in Organizational Science and Practice and Paving New Paths Forward
Authors: Rudolph Cort , Rauvola Rachel Sisu , Costanza David , Zacher Hannes
Published: August 2020

Talk about generations is everywhere and particularly so in organizational science and practice. Recognizing and exploring the ubiquity of generations is important, especially because evidence for their existence is, at best, scant. In this article, we aim to achieve two goals that are targeted at answering the broad question: “What accounts for the ubiquity of generations despite a lack of evidence for their existence and impact?” First, we explore and “bust” ten common myths about the science and practice of generations and generational differences. Second, with these debunked myths as a backdrop, we focus on two alternative and complementary frameworks— the social constructionist perspective and the lifespan development perspective—with promise for changing the way we think about age, aging, and generations at work. We argue that the social constructionist perspective offers important opportunities for understanding the persistence and pervasiveness of generations, and that, as an alternative to studying generations, the lifespan perspective represents a better model for understanding how age operates and development unfolds at work. Overall, we urge stakeholders in organizational science and practice (e.g., students, researchers, consultants, managers) to adopt more nuanced perspectives grounded in these models, rather than a generational perspective, to understand the influence of age and aging at work.
Biocontrol Efficacy of Trichoderma spp. Against Phytophthora Blight of Pepper
Authors: Timila Ram Devi , Manandhar Shrinkhala
Published: August 2020

Phytophthora blight (PB) caused by Phytophthora capsici Leonian is an economically important disease of pepper in Nepal. Experiments were conducted in epiphytotic conditions at Luvu, Lalitpur where severe outbreak of PB used to occur. The experiment was designed in randomized complete block with three replications. Three isolates of Trichoderma harzianum viz, T. harzianum (T22), T. harzianum (T69), and T. harzianum and one isolate of T. asperellum, were tested for their efficacy under the field conditions compared to chemical fungicides, copper oxychloride and fluazinam for two years, 2012 and 2013. In the first year experiment, the effect of all three isolates of T. harzianum was significantly different from the control. T. harzianum (T69), the local isolate was found better in reducing PB incidence and severity by 46% and 27% respectively during 2012. Similarly, in 2013 PB incidence and severity were reduced by 36% and 42% respectively and yield increased by 57% over control. However the chemical fungicides, fluazinam was the best treatment in reducing PB severity with increased yield by 70% followed by copper oxychloride that increased yield by 62% over control during 2013. There was no significant difference in efficacy of T69 and tested chemical fungicides. Hence, the use of Trichoderma harzianum (T69) could be one of the environmentally sound tools for the integrated management of Phytophthora blight.
The Use of Scientific Theory to Guide Indian Mate Selection Research
Authors: Martin Todd
Published: August 2020

The topic of mate selection in contemporary India provides an opportunity to illustrate the value of using scientific theory to guide family research. This modified transcript from a keynote address first describes the benefit to theory guided family science research and then provides a few select examples of the way theory informs a better understanding of patterns and trends in contemporary Indian mate selection. The availability of robust data, powerful computing and advanced methodologies has made data mining, or the unguided exploration of the data, more attractive to researchers. When data analysis is not guided by theoretical principals, generalizable advances in research is compromised. This paper focuses on a quantitative, deductive approach to knowledge building yet understands that qualitative and inductive research is also important in the scientific process and theory building. Contemporary Indian mate selection continues to adapt to a 21stcentury, globally influenced, socio-cultural landscape. The Indian population is large and diverse. The author recognizes that heterogeneity while also connecting current Indian mate selection patterns to select well established research in the field.
Adolescent Autonomy Satisfaction and Parental Support to Autonomy in Mexico
Authors: Esteinou Rosario , Vázquez-Arana Alejandro , Martinez-Guerrero Esther
Published: August 2020

Based on cross-sectional data from a national survey of Mexican adolescents aged 14 to 17 years, we analyzed parents’ support to their autonomy and their satisfaction. Acknowledging independence and volitional functioning as two dimensions of autonomy, we approached the following questions: whether adolescents were satisfied with the autonomy granted by their parents; whether parents supported both dimensions of autonomy; which variables predict such satisfaction; and whether there were differences according to the sex of the parents and the adolescents. We carried out two ordinal logit regression models and odds ratio for each parent and found that adolescents were satisfied with their parent’s support to autonomy, except to being out of home alone; there are strong gender differences in autonomy satisfaction, as girls are 50% less likely to be satisfied; predictors also differ according to the sex of parent, either in their level of contribution or in the area where support is provided. Being out alone and choosing friends were predictors in both parents’ models. Choosing dressing-style predicts autonomy satisfaction in the mother’s model while choosing romantic partners predicts it in the father’s. In the volitional dimension, the variables of what is right or wrong in the mother’s model and trust in adolescent’s abilities in decision-making in the father’s model contributed more to satisfaction. We discuss these findings in terms of the distribution of jurisdictional areas of decision-making between parents and adolescents.
Self-Disclosure in Japanese and Korean Couples: A Research Note
Authors: Yokotani Kenji , Yu Kyung-Ran
Published: August 2020

The reciprocal process model of self-disclosure in marital relationships has been validated in Western couples from societies with relative gender equality. However, the model was not examined in East Asian couples with gender inequality, so this study aimed to examine the cross-cultural generalizability of the model among East Asian couples. Participants were 63 paired heterosexual couples in Korea and 43 paired heterosexual couples in Japan. They answered questionnaires on self-disclosure and perceived partner responsiveness. Results showed that Korean couples did not demonstrate reciprocity of self-disclosure between husband and wife. Japanese couples showed reciprocity of self-disclosure, but the effect size was small. Gender inequality influenced by Confucianism could diminish the reciprocity of self-disclosure in marital relationships. The reciprocal process model needs to include gender inequality as a cultural variable that moderates the reciprocity of self-disclosure between husband and wife.
CANLANDIRMA SİNEMADA ÇİZGİ ROMAN ESTETİĞİ: “SPIDER-MAN: INTO THE SPIDER-VERSE” ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: DOĞRU Hüsnü Çağlar
Published: August 2020

İnsanın görüntü ile kendini anlatma isteği, mağara duvarlarından günümüze birçok değişim geçirmiş ve bu değişimlerin pek çoğuna teknoloji eşlik etmiştir. Değişim, disiplinler arası etkileşime de sebep olmuştur. Bu etkileşim toplumsal ya da teknolojik olduğu kadar, sanat dallarının birbiri arasında da gerçekleşmiştir. Sinemanın diğer sanat dalları ile olan ilişkisi biçim ve içerik bağlamda pek çok kez değerlendirilmiştir. 2018 yılında gösterime giren çizgi roman uyarlaması “Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse” filmi ana akım uzun metraj canlandırma filmler arasında kendine has görselliği ile öne çıkmaktadır. Çizgi Romanın anlatım diline ait referanslar filmin temel görsel estetiğini oluşturmaktadır. Bu referanslar, basılı materyalin doğası gereği kullanılan teknikler, matbaa makinelerinden kaynaklı baskı hataları ya da özgün anlatımının bir parçası olarak geliştirilen yansıma sesler, hareket hattı çizgileri gibi görsel yöntemlerin uyarlanması ile filmde yer almaktadırlar. Bu çalışma birçok farklı görsel sanat disiplininin teknik yöntemini kendi içerisinde harmanlamayı başaran canlandırma sinemanın, çizgi roman ile doğrudan bağlantısı olan görsel anlatımını ve filmdeki kullanım biçimini Genette’in metinsel-aşkınlık türleri bağlamında değerlendirmiştir.
YUNUS EMRE’NİN BESTELENMİŞ ÜÇ ESERİNİN MAKAMSAL ÇÖZÜMLEMESİ
Authors: DOĞAN Uğur
Published: August 2020

Bu çalışma tasavvuf şiirinin en önemli temsilcilerinden biri olan Derviş Yunus Emre’nin ilahi, şarkı ve türkü formunda, hicaz, nihavend ve hüseyni makamlarında farklı besteciler tarafından bestelenen üç eserinin makamsal çözümlemesi yapılarak incelenmesi amacıyla hazırlanmıştır.
Araştırmada literatür taraması ve analiz yöntemine başvurulmuştur. Yunus Emre ile ilgili daha önceden gerçekleştirilen çalışmaların literatür taraması yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın birinci bölümünde Yunus Emre’nin yaşamı, sanatı ve felsefi fikirleri ile ilgili genel bilgilere yer verilmiştir. Daha sonrasında ise Türk müziğindeki makam, usûl ve form kavramları genel hatları ile açıklanarak, araştırmaya konu edilen eserlerin bestelendiği makamlar, usûller ve müzik formları ile ilgili genel bilgilere yer verilmiştir. Son olarak Yunus Emre’nin araştırmaya konu olan bestelenmiş eserleri Türk müziği kuramsal yapısı çerçevesinde incelenerek makamsal çözümlemeleri yapılmıştır.
CHEMA MADOZ FOTOĞRAFLARI ELEŞTİREL ÇÖZÜMLEMESİ
Authors: ŞEN Egemen Umut
Published: August 2020

Bu çalışmada; Chema Madoz’un tüm sanat kariyerini kapsayan, üretiminin panaromasını sunan, 2017 yılında İzmir Folkart Gallery’de gerçekleştirilen sergide izleyicileri ile buluşan yapıtlarından oluşturulmuş kitaptan seçilmiş iki adet fotoğraf, gösterge bilimsel açıdan incelenmiştir. İncelenen bu iki fotoğraf Roland Barthes’in tanımladığı anlamlandırma kuramındaki düzanlamlar ve yananlamlar bağlamında eleştirel çözümlemeye tabi tutulmuştur.
Eleştirel çözümleme yapılırken önce fotoğrafların teknik analizi yapılmış, konu nesneleri betimlenmiş sonra fotoğraflar yorumlanarak imgelerin düşünsel süreçte nasıl kavrama dönüştüğü ve anlamlandırıldığı açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır.
Deleuze’s Postscript on the Societies of Control Updated for Big Data and Predictive Analytics
Authors: Brusseau James
Published: August 2020

In 1990, Gilles Deleuze publishedPostscript on the Societies of Control, an introduction to the potentially suffocating reality of the nascent control society. This thirty-year update details how Deleuze’s conception has developed from a broad speculative vision into specific economic mechanisms clustering around personal information, big data, predictive analytics, and marketing. The central claim is that today’s advancing control society coerces without prohibitions, and through incentives that are not grim but enjoyable, even euphoric because they compel individuals to obey their own personal information. The article concludes by delineating two strategies for living that are as unexplored as control society itself because they are revealed and then enabled by the particular method of oppression that is control.
A Negative Theory of Justice
Authors: Mazzone Leonard
Published: August 2020

This article outlines the chief challenges concerning the philosophical theories of emancipation and clarifies the solutions provided by a so-called negative theory of justice. Besides highlighting the classic questions that every philosophical theory of emancipation is expected to answer, the article aims to highlight the link between this theoretical framework and an immanent critique of conditions of domination. Moreover, it sheds light on the main differences between this theoretical perspective and Honneth’s theory of recognition, Fraser’s three-dimensional conception of justice, and the critique of power relations recently advanced by Rainer Forst. The comparative analysis of these theoretical approaches will make it possible to highlight and appreciate the main merits of a so-called negative theory of justice that combines a multidimensional diagnosis of existing asymmetries of power with an immanent critique of their justifications.
Analyses of Life Skills Development Practices in Secondary Schools of Islamabad
Authors: Rahat Robina , Mahmood Ziarab , Shah Nazir Haider
Published: August 2020

The study was designed to make analysis for developing Life Skills practices in the secondary schools of Islamabad. It was descriptive survey study. All 1039 SSTs, all 146 principals of public secondary schools working under FDE at Islamabad were population of the study. Five hundred and seventy (570) SSTs; one hundred and forty (140) principals were selected by using stratified random sampling technique. A questionnaire having 36 items were developed by the researcher on five point Likert scale. Mean, Standard Deviation, and t-test, were applied to analyze the data. There was moderate level of practice of skill development in secondary schools. Male teachers were better performing in developing communication skills and critical thinking while female teachers were better for developing problem solving skills. Development of strategy and proper training of teachers and principals, by the government, for life base skill education was recommended.
Expectations of Research Students About Online Supervision of Thesis Supervisors: A Case of Virtual University of Pakistan
Authors: Jabeen Sadaf , Hashmi Aroona , Khalid Mubashira
Published: August 2020

The study aims to explore postgraduate research students expectations from their thesis supervisors in online postgraduate programs. Particularly it aimed to study their perceptions of the role of thesis supervisor in their postgraduate research work. The study followed survey research design. The population comprised 1118 Postgraduate (MS) students enrolled in nine programs at post-graduation level in spring 2018. Using stratified random sampling technique, a total of 150 postgraduate research students were selected from five programs (MS Computer science, M Phil Educational Leadership and Management, MS Business Administration, MS Mathematics and MS Zoology of four faculties of Virtual University of Pakistan. Data were collected through researcher made scale Expectations of Research Students (ERS) having five subscales and 28 items. Mean, Standard Deviation and ANOVA were applied for obtaining results. Findings suggested that well documented and communicated thesis supervision regulations and including face-to-face interactions with online supervision could make some improvements to the outcomes of online supervision.
Modern model of integrated corporate communication
Authors: Slijepčević Milica , Kostić Milica , Radojević Ivana
Published: August 2020

The main purpose of this paper is to present the modern model of integrated corporate communication. Beside this, the authors will describe the changes occurring in the corporate environment and importance of changing the model of corporate communication. This paper also discusses the importance of implementation of the suggested model, the use of new media and effects of these changes on corporations. The approach used in this paper is the literature review. The authors explore the importance of implementation of the suggested model and the new media in corporate communication, both internal and external, addressing all the stakeholders and communication contents. The paper recommends implementation of a modern model of integrated corporate communication as a response to constant development of the new media and generation changes taking place. Practical implications: the modern model of integrated corporate communication can be used as an upgrade of the conventional communication models. This modern model empowers companies to sustain and build up the existing relationships with stakeholders, and to find out and create new relationships with stakeholders who were previously inaccessible and invisible.
ЗМІНИ ПРООКИСНО-АНТИОКСИДАНТНОЇ СИСТЕМИ У ЩУРІВ СЕРІЇ SHR ПРИ ЛІКУВАННІ ГІПОТЕНЗИВНИМИ ПРЕПАРАТАМИ (РАМІПРИЛОМ І КАНДЕСАРТАНОМ) В КОМБІНАЦІЇ З КОРВІТИНОМ
Authors: Marushchak Aliona , Rohovyi Yurii , Savchuk Tetiana
Published: August 2020

На сьогоднішній день артеріальна гіпертензія (АГ) - найпоширеніше серцево-судинне захворювання, яке є найбільш частою причиною інвалідизації населення внаслідок високого ризику розвитку таких ускладнень, як серцева недостатність, ішемічна хвороба серця, інсульт. Постійно триває пошук нових препаратів, які не тільки знижують артеріальний тиск, а володіють політропними ефектами. На першому місці стоїть кардіопротекція, яка ґрунтується на засадах постійного контролю за оксигенацією міокарда і процесами метаболізму. Останнім часом увагу дослідників привертають біофлавоноїди, а саме корвітин, який проявив антиоксидантні, протиапоптичні, протизапальні властивості. Питання впливу корвітину в комбінованій терапії з гіпотензивними препаратами при лікуванні артеріальної гіпертензії вивчено недостатньо, що визначає актуальність і мету нашого дослідження. Матеріали та методи. Дослідження проведено на спонтанно-гіпертензованих щурах серії SHR. Тварин поділили на 12 груп спостереження. Дослідним групам тварин серії SHR вводили раміприл в дозі 5 мг/кг, кандесартан 4 мг/кг і корвітин 50 мг/кг, а також проводили комбіновану терапію: раміприл і корвітин, кандесартан і корвітин. Препарати вводили протягом 7 днів. Стан проокисно-антиоксидантної системи в серці, печінці і нирках оцінювали за рівнем малонового альдегіду (МА) і дієнових кон’югатів (ДК) на тлі активності ферментів антиоксидантного захисту: супероксиддимутази (СОД), глутатіонпероксидази (ГПО), каталази (КТ). Результати дослідження. Монотерапія раміприлом поглиблювала патологічний процес в досліджуваних структурах (нирки, серце, печінка) і викликала зниження рівня ферментів антиоксидантного захисту при незмінному рівні малонового альдегіду і дієнових кон’югатів. Лікування кандесартаном продемонструвало більш позитивну динаміку в зниженні рівня продуктів пероксидації і активації супероксиддисмутази (СОД), дещо зростав рівень каталази (КТ) і незмінною залишалась активність глутатіонпероксидази (ГПО). Комбінована терапія з корвітином значно змінила показники проокисно-антиоксидантного гомеостазу в бік зростання активності ферментів каталази і супероксиддисмутази на тлі суттєвого зниження рівня продуктів вільнорадикального окиснення. Найбільш виражена позитивна динаміка відмічена в міокарді лівого шлуночка і нирках при комбінованій терапії кандесартаном і корвітином. Висновки. Застосування корвітину в комбінації з гіпотензивними препаратами продемонструвало протекторний вплив на всі показники проокисно-антиоксидантної системи. Позитивна динаміка при комбінованій терапії пов'язана не тільки зі зниженням артеріального тиску, але і з плейотропними ефектами корвітину.
Cross-Functional Integration at Agribusiness Brazilian Organizations
Authors: Ribeiro Lorena Luiza , Silva Stefania Ferreira , Pimenta Marcio Lopes
Published: August 2020

Purpose: This study aims to analyze how the integration between functions can be characterized in a context which one of the functions is outsourced. Four organizations were surveyed as the subject of the study; a multinational industry of agricultural inputs, an agricultural cooperative and two logistics companies outsourced by the multinational and the cooperative.

Methodology/Approach: A multicase study was conducted. Data collection was done through interviews and personal observation, setting up a qualitative approach.

Findings: Six categories and their properties were identified for each organization: contact points, requirements, culture, conflict, control and flexibility, and integration factors. 

Research Limitation/implication: The main limitation of the research lies in the analysis of a single sector, the logistics area. In addition, the contractual relationships are both an agribusiness company with a carrier.

Originality/Value of paper: The research findings are innovative for the study of the integration between internal and external functions between a main company with outsourced companies.