bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterization, Classification and Land Capability Evalution of Ndoni Meander Belt Soils in Niger Delta.
Authors: Ayolagha GA , Opene GA
Published: April 2014

Characterization, classification and land capability evaluation of Ndoni Agroecological zone in the meander belt of the Niger Delta was done. The pedons were identified on the basis of topography, drainage, vegetation, physical, chemical and morphological characteristics. The soil textures were irregular; sandy in the moderately drained levees and recent alluvial deposits but clayey in the poorly drained terrace and backswamps. The soils were generally acid; had moderate to high organic matter, low to moderate total nitrogen, available p, and effective cation exchange capacity with generally high percentage base saturation. The soil morphological and physical characteristics were dominantly used for the land capability evaluation.These include drainage (internal and external), moisture retention capacity, slope, liability to flooding, erosion, effective soil depth and climatic variations. Chemical characteristics were considered only when necessary under effective soil depth.The study area was found to have the capability for crop production. Pedons 1&2 were classified into land capability Class IIe; pedon 3( Class IIw); pedon 4 (Class IIIw) and pedon 5 (Class IVw). Pedons 1and 2 lands were capable for supporting potatoes, yams, cassava, cowpeas, maize, melon, groundnut, fruits and vegetables. Pedons 3 and 4 had the capability to support swamp rice, sugar cane, maize, cowpea, penniaples fruits and vegetables.Pedon 5 soils were capable to support swamp rice and fishing. Soil management measures to control erosion, poor drainage and flooding were recommended. Crop yield in these soils were expected to be high with adequate application of organic fertilizers and lime The soils were classified using the USDA soil taxanomy with approximate correlations with the FAO/UNESCO Soil Map of the World Legend. Soils of pedons 1&2 were classified as Typic Eutropepts and Eutric Tropoudepts (Eutric-cambisols); pedon 3&4 were classified as Vertic and Eutric Endoaquepts (Vertic-Cambisol and Eutric-gleysols;) pedon 5 was grouped as Arenic Fluvaquents. The limitations of the soils to cultivation were predominantly poor drainage/ flooding (w) and soil erosion (e).Key words: Characterization, Classification, Land Capability, Inceptisols, Poor drainage, Erosion
Investigation of Fungi Associated with the Spoilage of Chrysophyllum Albidum (G.Don) Fruits.
Authors: Kazeem-Ibrahim F , Asinwa IO , Iroko OA , Aiyeyika AK , Fapojuwomi OA
Published: April 2014

Chrysophyllum albidum (African star apple) fruit is among the well known indigenous fruit trees in the tropical rainforest zone of the Western region of Africa. The fruits are much cherished by both the young and the old and are of huge commercial interest in Nigeria. The fruits often deteriorate within a very short period and become spoilt as a result of fungi attacks. The study therefore carried out the survey of fungi attacks on C. albidum and investigates the etiology of post harvest deterioration. Fresh fruits were procured from purposively selected markets in Ogun State for microbial analysis. Descriptive and cross tabulation analysis were used to analyze the data and these include: percentages, frequency distribution and cross tabulation. The results of this study showed that five fungal genera were associated with African star apple fruits. The fungi found on the surface of the fruits were Fusarium solani, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus, Penicillium citrinum, Lasiodiplodia theobromae and Rhizopus spp. Fusarium solani was the most abundant and prevalent in almost all the localities. The incidence of the occurrence of fungi found associated with highest percentage of Lasiodiplodia theobromae (40.37%) and Fusarium solani (26.23%) respectively. The least occurrence of all the fungal isolates is Aspergillus flavus. Aspergillus niger, Penicillum citrinum and Aspergillus fumigatus. They all were found to be pathogenic to C.albidum fruits and responsible for their spoilage. Therefore the use of local preservatives (plant extracts) like Afromomum danielli, Afromomum melegueta and chemical disinfectants like paraozone, sodium chloride and sodium benzoate at mild dosages were recommended to reduce the losses due to storage moulds. Early harvesting of the fruits, prevention of over ripening and keeping the fruits dry and cool at all time should be ensured.Keywords: Chrysophyllum albidum, fungi attacks, etiology, microbial analysis, preservatives
Desenvolvimento de Competências do Administrador: um estudo em ambiente simulado
Authors: Dias Junior Claudelino Martins , Morei Bruno César Mello , Stosick Eduardo Zarur , Pereira Ariane Rodrigues
Published: April 2014

Este estudo discorre sobre a importância do desenvolvimento de competências próprias dos profissionais de administração. Para tanto, utilizando-se de simulação em ambiente virtual, dentro do contexto acadêmico de graduação, alunos são experimentados no exercício de tomada de decisões. Ao final desse processo procedem à transcrição perceptiva de seus aprendizados individuais por meio de um questionário. Tal instrumento subsidia a abordagem qualitativa do estudo, por meio da construção de um estudo de caso, que descreve como a simulação contribui no desenvolvimento dos elementos formadores das competências essenciais do administrador. Os resultados preliminares apontam que, respectivamente, esses elementos centram-se no desenvolvimento de habilidades de liderança, na capacidade de organização, na integração e na atualização de conhecimentos propiciados por uma visão sistêmica e na habilidade de planejar. Paralelamente, comportamentos proativos e determinados constituem condições desejáveis sob a visão dos respondentes. Neste sentido, observa-se que a formação das competências verificadas está alinhada com a última avaliação realizada nacionalmente pelo CFA (Conselho Federal de Administração).
Avaliação do CAPM Condicional Não Paramétrico no Mercado de Ações do Brasil
Authors: Bergmann Daniel Reed , Galeno Marcela Monteiro , Securato José Roberto , Savoia José Roberto Ferreira
Published: April 2014

Esse artigo analisa a evolução do retorno e risco sistemático das carteiras de 11 setores da economia brasileira através do modelo do CAPM condicional não paramétrico, proposto por Wang (2002). São utilizadas quatro variáveis explicativas: (i) o nível da produção industrial brasileira; (ii) o agregado monetário M4; (iii) a inflação, representada pelo Índice de Preços ao Consumidor Amplo (IPCA); e (iv) a taxa de câmbio real-dólar, obtida pela cotação do dólar PTAX. A amostra compreendeu ações listadas na BOVESPA no período de janeiro de 2002 a dezembro de 2009. Os testes do modelo Wang seguiram também a metodologia de Castillo-Spíndola (2006) para economias emergentes. Os resultados encontrados indicam que o CAPM condicional não paramétrico de Wang é robusto para a explicação dos retornos das carteiras da amostra considerada, sendo que duas das quatro variáveis testadas, i.e., M4 e dólar PTAX, foram significativas ao nível de 5%.
Características Resilientes do Empreendedor Associadas ao Insucesso Empresarial
Authors: Minello Italo Fernando , Scherer Isabel Bohrer
Published: April 2014

Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar as características resilientes do empreendedor no intuito de compreender se e como o seu comportamento pode ser associado à descontinuidade do negócio. Caracteriza-se como um estudo qualitativo, exploratório e utilizou a técnica de análise de conteúdo, associada à aplicação da Escala de Funcionamento Defensivo, para analisar o comportamento de empreendedores antes do insucesso empresarial. Foram entrevistados 13 empreendedores paulistas que vivenciaram o insucesso empresarial. Como principais resultados, evidencia-se a onipotência como estilo apresentado por 12 dos 13 entrevistados; a afiliação, constatada em nove dos 13 entrevistados; e a atuação, em sete dos 13 entrevistados antes do insucesso empresarial. Considerando que a onipotência foi a característica comportamental mais evidenciada, pode-se entender que esse comportamento pode demonstrar a arrogância do indivíduo diante de outras pessoas, o que pode influenciar nas decisões do empreendedor, desmotivação de funcionários e insatisfação de clientes, acarretando assim, o insucesso empresarial.
A Construção do Sentido de Envelhecimento para os Assistentes Sociais: uma abordagem contextualista das emoções a partir do cotidiano de trabalho
Authors: Locatelli Patrícia Augusta Pospichil Chaves , Oliveira Josiane Silva de , Cavedon Neusa Rolita
Published: April 2014

Este artigo analisou como as relações entre emoções e trabalho, presentes nas falas sobre a assistência social, configuram o sentido de envelhecimento para os profissionais dessa área de atuação em uma instituição de longa permanência para idosos. Articulou-se a abordagem contextualista dos estudos das emoções entremeadas com o processo de constituição subjetiva dos assistentes sociais. Para a coleta de dados foi realizada pesquisa em documentos disponibilizados pela instituição e entrevistas semiestruturadas com a assistente social, duas estagiárias deste segmento profissional e quatro idosos residentes na instituição pesquisada. Os resultados evidenciaram uma polarização entre dois modelos hegemônicos de entendimento da velhice, em que o engajamento emocional atua como a esfera subjetiva que permite a objetivação desse processo de clivagem social. Por meio das análises do engajamento emocional nas atividades de trabalho da assistência social, foram identificadas as práticas organizacionais que reafirmam o modelo de pauperização e de abandono dos idosos na sociedade.
Local impact of solar variation on NO2 in the lower mesosphere and upper stratosphere from 2007 to 2012
Authors: Friederich F. , Sinnhuber M. , Funke B. , von Clarmann T. , Orphal J.
Published: April 2014

Abstract. MIPAS/ENVISAT data of nighttime NO2 volume mixing ratios (VMR) from 2007 until 2012 between 40 km and 62 km altitude are compared with the geomagnetic Ap index and solar Lyman-α radiation. The local impact of variations in geomagnetic activity and solar radiation on the VMR of NO2 in the lower mesosphere and upper stratosphere in the Northern Hemisphere is investigated by means of superposed epoch analysis. Observations in the Northern Hemisphere show a clear 27-day period of the NO2 VMR. This is positively correlated with the geomagnetic Ap index at 60–70° N geomagnetic latitude but also partially correlated with the solar Lyman-α radiation. However, the dependency of NO2 VMR on geomagnetic activity can be distinguished from the impact of solar radiation. This indicates a direct response of NOx (NO + NO2) to geomagnetic activity, probably due to precipitating particles. The response is detected in the range between 46 km and 52 km altitude. The NO2 VMR epoch maxima due to geomagnetic activity is altitude-dependent and can reach up to 0.4 ppb, leading to mean production rates of 0.029 ppb (Ap d)−1. Observations in the Southern Hemisphere do not have the same significance due to a worse sampling of geomagnetic storm occurances. Variabilities due to solar variation occur at the same altitudes at 60–70° S geomagnetic latitude but cannot be analyzed as in the Northern Hemisphere. This is the first study showing the direct impact of electron precipitation on NOx at those altitudes in the spring/summer/autumn hemisphere.
Mapping the physico-chemical properties of mineral dust in western Africa: mineralogical composition
Authors: Formenti P. , Caquineau S. , Desboeufs K. , Klaver A. , Chevaillier S. , Journet E. , Rajot J.L.
Published: April 2014

Abstract. In the last few years, several ground-based and airborne field campaigns have allowed exploring the properties and impacts of mineral dust in western Africa, one of the major emission and transport areas worldwide. In this paper, we explore the synthesis of these observations to provide with a large-scale quantitative view of the mineralogical composition and its variability with source region and time after transport. This work reveals that mineral dust in western Africa is a mixture of clays, quartz, iron and titanium oxides, representing at least 92% of the dust mass. Calcite ranged between 0.3 and 8.4% of the dust mass depending on the origin. Our data do not show a systematic dependence of the dust mineralogical composition with origin, likely as in most of the cases they represent the composition of the atmospheric burden after 1–2 days after emission, when air masses mix and give raise to a more uniform dust load. This has implications for the representation of the mineral dust composition in regional and global circulation models, and satellite retrievals. Iron oxides account for 58 ± 7% of the mass of elemental Fe, and between 2 and 5% of the dust mass. Most of them are composed of goethite, representing between 52 and 78% of the iron oxide mass. We estimate that titanium oxides account for 1–2% of the dust mass, depending on whether the dust is of Saharan or Sahelian origin. The mineralogical composition is a critical parameter to estimate the radiative and biogeochemical impact of mineral dust. The results on dust composition have been applied to estimate the optical properties as so as the iron fractional solubility of Saharan and Sahelian dust. Data presented in this paper are provided in numerical form upon email request while they are being implemented as a public database, the Dust-Mapped Archived Properties (DUST-MAP), an open repository for compositional data from other source regions in Africa and worldwide.
The response of superpressure balloons to gravity wave motions
Authors: Vincent R. A. , Hertzog A.
Published: April 2014

Abstract. Superpressure balloons (SPB), which float on constant density (isopycnic) surfaces, provide a unique way of measuring the properties of atmospheric gravity waves (GW) as a function of wave intrinsic frequency. Here we devise a quasi-analytic method of investigating the SPB response to GW motions. It is shown that the results agree well with more rigorous numerical simulations of balloon motions and provide a better understanding of the response of SPB to GW, especially at high frequencies. The methodology is applied to ascertain the accuracy of GW studies using 12 m diameter SPB deployed in the 2010 Concordiasi campaign in the Antarctic. In comparison with the situation in earlier campaigns, the vertical displacements of the SPB were measured directly using GPS. It is shown using a large number of Monte Carlo-type simulations with realistic instrumental noise that important wave parameters, such as momentum flux, phase speed and wavelengths, can be retrieved with good accuracy from SPB observations for intrinsic wave periods greater than ca. 10 min. The noise floor for momentum flux is estimated to be ca. 10−4 mPa.
Springtime phytoplankton dynamics in Arctic Krossfjorden and Kongsfjorden (Spitsbergen) as a function of glacier proximity
Authors: Piquet A. M.-T. , van de Poll W. H. , Visser R. J. W. , Wiencke C. , Bolhuis H. , Buma A. G. J.
Published: April 2014

Abstract. The hydrographic properties of the Kongsfjorden–Krossfjorden system (79° N, Spitsbergen) are affected by Atlantic water incursions as well as glacier meltwater runoff. This results in strong physical gradients (temperature, salinity and irradiance) within the fjords. Here, we tested the hypothesis that glaciers affect phytoplankton dynamics as early as the productive spring bloom period. During two campaigns in 2007 (late spring) and 2008 (early spring) we studied hydrographic characteristics and phytoplankton variability along two transects in both fjords, using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-CHEMTAX pigment fingerprinting, molecular fingerprinting (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, or DGGE) and sequencing of 18S rRNA genes. The sheltered inner fjord locations remained colder during spring as opposed to the outer locations. Vertical light attenuation coefficients increased from early spring onwards, at all locations, but in particular at the inner locations. In late spring meltwater input caused stratification of surface waters in both fjords. The inner fjord locations were characterized by overall lower phytoplankton biomass. Furthermore HPLC-CHEMTAX data revealed that diatoms and Phaeocystis sp. were replaced by small nano- and picophytoplankton during late spring, coinciding with low nutrient availability. The innermost stations showed higher relative abundances of nano- and picophytoplankton throughout, notably of cyanophytes and cryptophytes. Molecular fingerprinting revealed a high similarity between inner fjord samples from early spring and late spring samples from all locations, while outer samples from early spring clustered separately. We conclude that glacier influence, mediated by early meltwater input, modifies phytoplankton biomass and composition already during the spring bloom period, in favor of low biomass and small cell size communities. This may affect higher trophic levels especially when regional warming further increases the period and volume of meltwater.
Coastal vulnerability of a pinned, soft-cliff coastline, II: assessing the influence of sea walls on future morphology
Authors: Barkwith A. , Hurst M. D. , Thomas C. W. , Ellis M. A. , Limber P. L. , Murray A. B.
Published: April 2014

Abstract. Coastal defences have long been employed to halt or slow coastal erosion, and their impact on local sediment flux and ecology has been studied in detail through field research and numerical simulation. The non-local impact of a modified sediment flux regime on mesoscale erosion and accretion has received less attention. Morphological changes at this scale due to defending structures can be difficult to quantify or identify with field data. Engineering-scale numerical models, often applied to assess the design of modern defences on local coastal erosion, tend not to cover large stretches of coast and are rarely applied to assess the impact of older structures. We extend previous work to explore the influences of sea walls on the evolution and morphological sensitivity of a pinned, soft-cliff, sandy coastline under a changing wave climate. The Holderness coast of East Yorkshire, UK, is used as a case study to explore model scenarios where the coast is both defended with major sea walls and allowed to evolve naturally were there are no sea defences. Using a mesoscale numerical coastal evolution model, observed wave-climate data are perturbed linearly to assess the sensitivity of the coastal morphology to changing wave climate for both the defended and undefended scenarios. Comparative analysis of the simulated output suggests that sea walls in the south of the region have a greater impact on sediment flux due to increased sediment availability along this part of the coast. Multiple defence structures, including those separated by several kilometres, were found to interact with each other, producing complex changes in coastal morphology under a changing wave climate. Although spatially and temporally heterogeneous, sea walls generally slowed coastal recession and accumulated sediment on their up-drift side.
Morphodynamics of river bed variation with variable bedload step length
Authors: Pelosi A. , Parker G.
Published: April 2014

Abstract. Here we consider the 1-D morphodynamics of an erodible bed subject to bedload transport. Fluvial bed elevation variation is typically modeled by the Exner equation, which, in its classical form, expresses mass conservation in terms of the divergence of the bedload sediment flux. An entrainment form of the Exner equation can be written as an alternative description of the same bedload processes, by introducing the notions of an entrainment rate into bedload and of a particle step length, and assuming a certain probability distribution for the step length. This entrainment form implies some degree of nonlocality, which is absent from the standard flux form, so that these two expressions, which are different ways to look at same conservation principle (i.e., sediment continuity), may no longer become equivalent in cases when channel complexity and flow conditions allow for long particle saltation steps (including, but not limited to the case where particle step length has a heavy tailed distribution) or when the domain of interest is not long compared to the step length (e.g., laboratory scales, or saltation over relatively smooth surfaces). We perform a systematic analysis of the effects of the nonlocality in the entrainment form of the Exner equation on transient aggradational/degradational bed profiles by using the flux form as a benchmark. As expected, the two forms converge to the same results as the step length converges to zero, in which case nonlocality is negligible. As step length increases relative to domain length, the mode of aggradation changes from an upward-concave form to a rotational, and then eventually a downward-concave form. Corresponding behavior is found for the case of degradation. These results may explain anomalously flat, aggradational, long profiles that have been observed in some short laboratory flume experiments.
Teleconnection analysis of runoff and soil moisture over the Pearl River basin in southern China
Authors: Niu J. , Chen J. , Sivakumar B.
Published: April 2014

Abstract. This study explores the teleconnection of two climatic patterns, namely the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), with hydrological processes over the Pearl River basin in southern China, particularly on a sub-basin-scale basis. The Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) model is used to simulate the daily hydrological processes over the basin for the study period 1952–2000, and then, using the simulation results, the time series of the monthly runoff and soil moisture anomalies for its ten sub-basins are aggregated. Wavelet analysis is performed to explore the variability properties of these time series at 49 timescales ranging from 2 months to 9 yr. Use of the wavelet coherence and rank correlation method reveals that the dominant variabilities of the time series of runoff and soil moisture are basically correlated with IOD. The influences of ENSO on the terrestrial hydrological processes are mainly found in the eastern sub-basins. The teleconnections between climatic patterns and hydrological variability also serve as a reference for inferences on the occurrence of extreme hydrological events (e.g., floods and droughts).
Land Cover Classification Method Oriented to Geographic National Conditions Investigation
Authors: Cheng T.
Published: April 2014

Abstract. Developing the project of geographic national conditions investigation is in order to obtain land cover change information which is caused by natural and human social and economic activities, and serve the information for government, enterprise and public. Land cover is an important method to describe the geographic national conditions information, which can truly reflect the land surface material type and its natural attribute. It has been contained in the content system preliminary scheme as an important portion. In this paper, it discusses and analyzes on the method and key technology, with according to the land cover content that geographic national conditions watches on. Then it evaluates the applicability of automatic classification method using in land cover information extraction, and comprehensively analyzes various extraction methods’ maximum effectiveness. Finally, it proposes a method that is based on high spatial resolution remote sensing imagery and can be used in engineering applications, which provides a reference method for geographic national conditions investigation.
The Attribute Accuracy Assessment of Land Cover Data in the National Geographic Conditions Survey
Authors: Ji X. , Niu X.
Published: April 2014

Abstract. With the widespread national survey of geographic conditions, object-based data has already became the most common data organization pattern in the area of land cover research. Assessing the accuracy of object-based land cover data is related to lots of processes of data production, such like the efficiency of inside production and the quality of final land cover data. Therefore，there are a great deal of requirements of accuracy assessment of object-based classification map. Traditional approaches for accuracy assessment in surveying and mapping are not aimed at land cover data. It is necessary to employ the accuracy assessment in imagery classification. However traditional pixel-based accuracy assessing methods are inadequate for the requirements. The measures we improved are based on error matrix and using objects as sample units, because the pixel sample units are not suitable for assessing the accuracy of object-based classification result. Compared to pixel samples, we realize that the uniformity of object samples has changed. In order to make the indexes generating from error matrix reliable, we using the areas of object samples as the weight to establish the error matrix of object-based image classification map. We compare the result of two error matrixes setting up by the number of object samples and the sum of area of object samples. The error matrix using the sum of area of object sample is proved to be an intuitive, useful technique for reflecting the actual accuracy of object-based imagery classification result.
Study on the Construction and Application of 3D Geographic Information Services for the Smart City
Authors: Mao W.-Q.
Published: April 2014

Abstract. Smart City, whose main characteristics are intelligence and interconnection capability, has become an important goal of some cities’ development. This paper, based on urban three-dimensional geographic information characteristics, analyses 3D geographic information requirements in the Smart City construction and development process, proposes construction and management methods for 3D geographic information. Furthermore, this paper takes Shanghai Geographic Information Public Service Platform as an example, discusses 3D geographic information application in multiple fields, and proves that it is an effective ways to promote Intelligent City construction.
"Improved Geometric Network Model" (IGNM): a novel approach for deriving Connectivity Graphs for Indoor Navigation
Authors: Mortari F. , Zlatanova S. , Liu L. , Clementini E.
Published: April 2014

Abstract. Over the past few years Personal Navigation Systems have become an established tool for route planning, but they are mainly designed for outdoor environments. Indoor navigation is still a challenging research area for several reasons: positioning is not very accurate, users can freely move between the interior boundaries of buildings, path network construction process may not be easy and straightforward due to complexity of indoor space configurations. Therefore the creation of a good network is essential for deriving overall connectivity of a building and for representing position of objects within the environment. This paper reviews current approaches to automatic derivation of route graphs for indoor navigation and discusses some of their limitations. Then, it introduces a novel algorithmic strategy for extracting a 3D connectivity graph for indoor navigation based on 2D floor plans.
Evaluation methods for association rules in spatial knowlegde base
Authors: Niu X. , Ji X.
Published: April 2014

Abstract. Association rule is an important model in data mining. It describes the relationship between predicates in transactions, makes the expression of knowledge hidden in data more specific and clear. While the developing and applying of remote sensing technology and automatic data collection tools in recent decades, tremendous amounts of spatial and non-spatial data have been collected and stored in large spatial database, so association rules mining from spatial database becomes a significant research area with extensive applications. How to find effective, reliable and interesting association rules from vast information for helping people analyze and make decision has become a significant issue. Evaluation methods measure spatial association rules with evaluation criteria. On the basis of analyzing the existing evaluation criteria, this paper improved the novelty evaluation method, built a spatial knowledge base, and proposed a new evaluation process based on the support-confidence evaluation system. Finally, the feasibility of the new evaluation process was validated by an experiment with real-world geographical spatial data.
Services Oriented Smart City Platform Based On 3d City Model Visualization
Authors: Prandi F. , Soave M. , Devigili F. , Andreolli M. , De Amicis R.
Published: April 2014

Abstract. The rapid technological evolution, which is characterizing all the disciplines involved within the wide concept of smart cities, is becoming a key factor to trigger true user-driven innovation. However to fully develop the Smart City concept to a wide geographical target, it is required an infrastructure that allows the integration of heterogeneous geographical information and sensor networks into a common technological ground. In this context 3D city models will play an increasingly important role in our daily lives and become an essential part of the modern city information infrastructure (Spatial Data Infrastructure). The work presented in this paper describes an innovative Services Oriented Architecture software platform aimed at providing smartcities services on top of 3D urban models. 3D city models are the basis of many applications and can became the platform for integrating city information within the Smart-Cites context. In particular the paper will investigate how the efficient visualisation of 3D city models using different levels of detail (LODs) is one of the pivotal technological challenge to support Smart-Cities applications. The goal is to provide to the final user realistic and abstract 3D representations of the urban environment and the possibility to interact with a massive amounts of semantic information contained into the geospatial 3D city model. The proposed solution, using OCG standards and a custom service to provide 3D city models, lets the users to consume the services and interact with the 3D model via Web in a more effective way.
Study of Double-Weighted Graph Model and Optimal Path Planning for Tourist Scenic Area Oriented Intelligent Tour Guide
Authors: Shi Y. , Long Y. , Wi X. L.
Published: April 2014

Abstract. When tourists visiting multiple tourist scenic spots, the travel line is usually the most effective road network according to the actual tour process, and maybe the travel line is different from planned travel line. For in the field of navigation, a proposed travel line is normally generated automatically by path planning algorithm, considering the scenic spots' positions and road networks. But when a scenic spot have a certain area and have multiple entrances or exits, the traditional described mechanism of single point coordinates is difficult to reflect these own structural features. In order to solve this problem, this paper focuses on the influence on the process of path planning caused by scenic spots' own structural features such as multiple entrances or exits, and then proposes a doubleweighted Graph Model, for the weight of both vertexes and edges of proposed Model can be selected dynamically. And then discusses the model building method, and the optimal path planning algorithm based on Dijkstra algorithm and Prim algorithm. Experimental results show that the optimal planned travel line derived from the proposed model and algorithm is more reasonable, and the travelling order and distance would be further optimized.
Research on National 1:50000 Topographic Cartography Data Organization
Authors: Wu C. , Liu J. , Liu J. , Li Z.
Published: April 2014

Abstract. Database-driven cartography technology is just appeared in China. In China, it's the first time to use this technology in such a large national terrain information database. Especially in the particular 1:50000 scale, it will face a more complex situation. To effectively address the problem, with the database-driven cartography mechanism, it is very necessary to design scientific and rational model for data organization and presentation mechanisms, to ensure that the rich geographic information of terrain data can be expressed correctly, completely and beautifully in the topographic map. This paper mainly introduces the general design of data organization model of the cartography data. It also designed and developed national 1:50000 topographic cartography production system, and gave out related application example as a test of the idea mentioned. The application example proves that the data organization model designed here is feasible and efficient in nation 1:50000 topographic map production, and greatly reducing the workload of manual editing.
Development and Comparison of Open Source based Web GIS Frameworks on WAMP and Apache Tomcat Web Servers
Authors: Agrawal S. , Gupta R. D.
Published: April 2014

Abstract. Geographic Information System (GIS) is a tool used for capture, storage, manipulation, query and presentation of spatial data that have applicability in diverse fields. Web GIS has put GIS on Web, that made it available to common public which was earlier used by few elite users. In the present paper, development of Web GIS frameworks has been explained that provide the requisite knowledge for creating Web based GIS applications. Open Source Software (OSS) have been used to develop two Web GIS frameworks. In first Web GIS framework, WAMP server, ALOV, Quantum GIS and MySQL have been used while in second Web GIS framework, Apache Tomcat server, GeoServer, Quantum GIS, PostgreSQL and PostGIS have been used. These two Web GIS frameworks have been critically compared to bring out the suitability of each for a particular application as well as their performance. This will assist users in selecting the most suitable one for a particular Web GIS application.
A Dynamic Navigation Algorithm Considering Network Disruptions
Authors: Jiang J. , Wu L.
Published: April 2014

Abstract. In traffic network, link disruptions or recoveries caused by sudden accidents, bad weather and traffic congestion, lead to significant increase or decrease in travel times on some network links. Similar situation also occurs in real-time emergency evacuation plan in indoor areas. As the dynamic nature of real-time network information generates better navigation solutions than the static one, a real-time dynamic navigation algorithm for emergency evacuation with stochastic disruptions or recoveries in the network is presented in this paper. Compared with traditional existing algorithms, this new algorithm adjusts pre-existing path to a new optimal one according to the changing link travel time. With real-time network information, it can provide the optional path quickly to adapt to the rapid changing network properties. Theoretical analysis and experimental results demonstrate that this proposed algorithm performs a high time efficiency to get exact solution and indirect information can be calculated in spare time.
Some aspects of modern photogrammetric image processing of Soviet lunokhod panoramas and their implemenation for new studies of lunar surface
Authors: Kozlova N. , Zubarev A. , Karachevtseva I. , Nadezhdina I. , Kokhanov A. , Patraty V. , Mitrokhina L. , Oberst J.
Published: April 2014

Abstract. Recently the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) has obtained images, which cover landing sites from previous missions to the Moon in unprecedented high resolution (up to 0.3 m/pixel). These new data allow us to carry out a precision mapping of the Lunokhod landing sites, combining orbital high resolution images with surface panoramas taken by the rovers during their missions. Unfortunately, a lot of supplementary information about the missions, the rovers and their instrumentation is lost, which includes timing information and exterior orientation parameters. So, we have developed new methods and techniques of Lunokhod panorama processing by means of modern photogrammetric software supported by LRO data
A replacement strategy for a distributed caching system based on the spatiotemporal access pattern of geospatial data
Authors: Li R. , Wang X. , Shi X.
Published: April 2014

Abstract. Cache replacement strategy is the core for a distributed high-speed caching system, and effects the cache hit rate and utilization of a limited cache space directly. Many reports show that there are temporal and spatial local changes in access patterns of geospatial data, and there are popular hot spots which change over time. Therefore, the key issue for cache replacement strategy for geospatial data is to get a combination method which considers both temporal local changes and spatial local changes in access patterns, and balance the relationship between the changes. And the cache replacement strategy should fit the distribution and changes of hotspot. This paper proposes a cache replacement strategy based on access pattern which have access spatiotemporal localities. Firstly, the strategy builds a method to express the access frequency and the time interval for geospatial data access based on a least-recently-used replacement (LRU) algorithm and its data structure; secondly, considering both the spatial correlation between geospatial data access and the caching location for geospatial data, it builds access sequences based on a LRU stack, which reflect the spatiotemporal locality changes in access pattern. Finally, for achieving the aim of balancing the temporal locality and spatial locality changes in access patterns, the strategy chooses the replacement objects based on the length of access sequences and the cost of caching resource consumption. Experimental results reveal that the proposed cache replacement strategy is able to improve the cache hit rate while achieving a good response performance and higher system throughput. Therefore, it can be applied to handle the intensity of networked GISs data access requests in a cloud-based environment.
A new bare-soil index for rapid mapping developing areas using LANDSAT 8 data
Authors: Li S. , Chen X.
Published: April 2014

Abstract. One of the most basic classification tasks is to distinguish bare-soil areas from urban region. Bare-soil plays an important role in the ecosystem. It could be the reason of dust storms and the indicator of urban expansion. It is also important to monitor the bare-soil areas, but there was no good idea to automatically extraction bare-soil areas using existing method. In this work, a new bareness index (BI) has been developed and applied to map developing region in Pearl River Delta using Landsat OLI/TIRS data in 2013. The BI based on the logical combination of the Tasseled Cap transformation (TCB) and Normalized Difference Bareness Index (NDBaI). Results show that the BI not only has a good effect on the enhancement of bare soil information, but also on the inhibition of the background information, and improve the accuracy of detection. The results of this study could be of scientific and practical merits in regional remote sensing monitoring and improve the accuracy of land use classification.
A study on Geographic National (Urban) Conditions Monitoring of Beijing
Authors: Liu Q.
Published: April 2014

Abstract. This article investigated and surveyed the current situation of the policy of Geographic National (Urban) Conditions Monitoring in Beijing based on the experimental unit over China carried out by National Administration of Surveying, Mapping and Geoinformation. Then analysed the guarantee of the implement considering the characteristics of programming and construction, policy and regulation in Beijing. Finally presented the frame system of Geographic National (Urban) Conditions Monitoring which is appropriate for Beijing.
Research and Application of GIS Data Update Technology
Authors: Pan J. P. , Xu Q. L. , Yang C. H.
Published: April 2014

Abstract. This paper summed up 3 kinds of GIS data update ways started from the actual production, as these data are raster to raster data, raster to vector data and vector to vector data. We described the most advanced and most effective ways to update each kind of data, solved lots of insufficient exist in current GIS data update ways effectively, such as long update time, low update efficiency, data redundancy and can’t query and analysis based on time. From the actual production project, those ways we described were proven to be effective and feasible.
Object-oriented mapping application of architecture based on multi-scale image segmentation and image extraction
Authors: Qi X. , Chen X.
Published: April 2014

Abstract. Residential area detection is extremely important for supervision of rush-built and illegal construction behavior to protect arable land and basic farmland. Traditional manual recognition of illegal construction is simple but time-consuming. The specific research work in the thesis includes: the proposition and designing of a multi-scale segmentation method based on watershed segmentation combined with region merging algorithm, comparative experiments of the new algorithm and traditional algorithm. Then, architecture extraction experiment based on the multi-scale segmentation method is carried out and analysis of the precision of comparative experiment results of pixel-based and object-oriented extraction methods is made, all these steps facilitate the automatic mapping of the architecture.
Efficient modeling of height datum based on GIS
Authors: Qiao Q.
Published: April 2014

Abstract. Since the proposal of Digital Earth, its research and applications are continuing to be deepened, and now Smart City is more indepth implementation of the Digital Earth. The unification of global or regional vertical datums has always been one of the main geodesy studies to achieve Smart City, as Smart City must first realize the seamless integration of multi-source geo-dataset. This paper introduces spatio-temporal data management and interactive visualization into the entire process of vertical datum modelling. We demonstrate that the efficiency of modelling is greatly improved. In this paper GIS database is used to manage all dataset such as tidal station data, gravity field model data, GPS leveling data, and vertical datum data for evaluation and analysis. We use geographic information visualization technique to graphically display the results, together with the interactive browsing, to convert tedious digital information to easy-to-understand images. Consequently, researchers can quickly and comprehensively grasp the macro and micro information. Finally, an efficient and interactive prototype operating platforms for vertical datum modeling is constructed based on GIS.
3D Data Products and Web-GIS for Mars Rover Mission for Seamless Visualisation from Orbit to Ground-level
Authors: Tao Y. , Muller J.-P. , Willner K. , Morley J. , Sprinks J. , Traxler C. , Paar G.
Published: April 2014

Abstract. This paper presents a wide range of research and processing results in the area of multi-resolution orbital data co-registration, multiresolution ground 3D reconstruction, and orbit-to-ground data fusion, achieved within the EU-FP7 PRoVisG and PRoViDE project. We focus on three NASA rover missions, MER-A, MER-B, and MSL, to provide examples of automated methods for producing coregistered, multi-resolution 3D products. We highlight the mis-registration discovered between current HiRISE to HRSC datasets, CTX to HRSC and HiRISE to CTX co- results, wide baseline stereo reconstruction results of rover imagery, ground-to-orbit coregistration, i.e. reconstructed wide baseline ground ORI and HiRISE ORI co-registration, and extensive exploitation of the coregistered datasets in visualisation and interactive web-GIS.
Towards a Location-based Service for Early Mental Health Interventions in Disaster Response Using Minimalistic Tele-operated Android Robots Technology
Authors: Vahidi H. , Mobasheri A. , Alimardani M. , Guan Q. , Bakillah M.
Published: April 2014

Abstract. Providing early mental health services during disaster is a great challenge in the disaster response phase. Lack of access to adequate mental-health professionals in the early stages of large-scale disasters dramatically influences the trend of a successful mental health aid. In this paper, a conceptual framework has been suggested for adopting cellphone-type tele-operated android robots in the early stages of disasters for providing the early mental health services for disaster survivors by developing a locationbased and participatory approach. The techniques of enabling GI-services in a Peer-to-Peer (P2P) environment were studied to overcome the limitations of current centralized services. Therefore, the aim of this research study is to add more flexibility and autonomy to GI web services (WMS, WFS, WPS, etc.) and alleviate to some degree the inherent limitations of these centralized systems. A P2P system Architecture is presented for the location-based service using minimalistic tele-operated android robots, and some key techniques of implementing this service using BestPeer were studied for developing this framework.
A Cross-Site Visual Localization Method for Yutu Rover
Authors: Wan W. , Liu Z. , Di K. , Wang B. , Zhou J.
Published: April 2014

Abstract. Localization of the rover is critical to support science and engineering operations in planetary rover missions, such as rover traverse planning and hazard avoidance. It is desirable for planetary rover to have visual localization capability with high degree of automation and quick turnaround time. In this research, we developed a visual localization method for lunar rover, which is capable of deriving accurate localization results from cross-site stereo images. Tie points are searched in correspondent areas predicted by initial localization results and determined by ASIFT matching algorithm. Accurate localization results are derived from bundle adjustment based on an image network constructed by the tie points. In order to investigate the performance of proposed method, theoretical accuracy analysis on is implemented by means of error propagation principles. Field experiments were conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method in practical applications. Experiment results prove that the proposed method provides more accurate localization results (1 %~4 %) than dead-reckoning. After more validations and enhancements, the developed rover localization method has been successfully used in Chang'e-3 mission operations.