bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Innovations and their impact on the economy of the modern world
Authors: HANCHUK Mykhailo
Published: December 2024

The paper examines the role of innovations in the modern economy and their impact on the global market.
Scientific and practical research in innovation is carried out at a wide range of levels and is reflected in numerous publications. Given the constant development of society and the economy, new unresolved aspects and questions arise. It is important to determine the role of innovation in the modern economy.
The author actively examines current trends in developing innovative technologies and their far-reaching impact on various sectors of the economy, including production, services, trade, and finance. The article dynamically analyzes key aspects of the innovation process, such as the innovative activity of enterprises, the role of state regulation, and the impact of innovations on the competitiveness of companies and national economies. The study is based on a dynamic analysis of modern scientific sources and statistical data. It presents the latest approaches to understanding the innovation process and its vital importance for economic development.
The article examines the impact of innovations on changes in the structure of production and changes in business models. The author considers the role of innovative startups in the creation of new markets and the development of new sectors of the economy. The influence of innovations on changing consumer preferences, social structures and environmental aspects of economic growth is also investigated. The article provides the reader with a deep understanding of how innovation affects economic dynamics and how it can be used to ensure sustainable development in today's world.
It was determined that innovations are classified according to the nature of innovative changes, the degree of novelty, and the level of risk.
The influence of innovations on the structure of markets and competition is determined.
The findings of this research hold significant potential for practical application. They can inform the formulation of strategies for enterprise development, economic sector growth, and national economic advancement. Moreover, they can guide policy-making in the domains of science, technology, and innovation, underscoring the practical relevance of this study.
FINANCIAL ASPECTS OF COMPANY EQUITY MANAGEMENT
Authors: TKACHUK Liudmyla , LEBEDIEV Pavlo
Published: December 2024

The article summarizes the main approaches to determining the essence of equity in accordance with the provisions and accounting standards of P(S)BO and the views of economists. It was determined that modern scientists analyze the economic essence of equity capital taking into account the fact that it is the main factor of production, characterizes the financial resources of the enterprise that bring profit, is used as the main source of the formation of the well-being of its owners, is the main indicator of the market value of the enterprise, its dynamics are important indicator of economic efficiency. It is substantiated that capital as a factor of production acts as the main resource of production and investment, a source of income, an object of management and ownership, purchase and sale, and obtaining profit, which includes risk and liquidity factors. Equity is the portion of a company's assets that remains after deducting its liabilities. The guarantor of the successful and profitable operation of the enterprise, its market competitiveness and financial stability is the situation when equity capital constitutes the main part of its financial resources. Proposals for improving the company's own capital management system are presented and the need for effective use of the company's own resources in conditions of limited resources is determined.
Equity plays a fundamental role in the activity of a modern enterprise, which should be based on the use of borrowed capital, but its size is limited and smaller than the size of equity capital. If the company effectively uses borrowed funds, this will lead to an increase in the return on equity and its dynamic growth. However, there are also advantages of using debt capital over equity, which are reflected in the cost of using equity and debt capital, since interest on debt service reduces the basis for charging income tax. The effectiveness of the functioning of the "Fort" of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine depends on the effective capital management strategy of the enterprise, an important component of which is the optimization of the capital structure.
Organisational and economic principles of the technical hemp use in construction as one of Ukraine’s innovative and ecological development directions
Authors: RATUSHNYAK Olga , BIKS Yuriy , KAVETSKІY Vyacheslav
Published: December 2024

The paper examines the perspectives of hemp use in the textile, food, construction, energy and other industries, where not only the fibrous part is used but also seeds, leaves, bark, and roots. The cultivation of hemp worldwide is analysed, and the current Ukrainian trend, particularly the dynamics of the production of technical hemp in Ukraine, is researched in terms of technical hemp plant growing, which seems less promising despite the vast and marvellous increasing demand for hemp-based products worldwide.
The advantages of using hemp fibre in construction as an ecological, heat-, sound-insulating, ecological building material are given. A comparison of the technical hemp fibre-based mixtures with such traditionally used in Ukraine construction materials as brick and autoclaved aerated concrete blocks was carried out according to such indicators: environmental friendliness, compression and bending strength, biodegradation, installation period, thermal conductivity and thermal resistance of walls, average density, cost and fire resistance. The comparison of hemp fibre-based insulation materials with other insulating materials is also provided.
The advantages of hemp fibre for hempcrete production are lower specific weight, high environmental friendliness, and other parameters.
The economic prerequisites for using technical hemp in construction are presented, such as an increase in the diversity of new job places creation, stimulation of innovations in construction, and support and creation of local entrepreneurship. These steps would significantly increase the deductions and taxes for infilling local budgets from an economic point of view and lead to a reduction of energy consumption and sequestration in CO2 emissions in terms of sustainability.
A conceptual diagram of the organisational and economic principles of the use of technical hemp in construction, which includes an analysis of the problems preventing the use of hemp fibre in construction, has been proposed.
Optimization of the production processes of the industrial enterprise
Authors: YEPIFANOVA Iryna , DZHEDHULA Viacheslav
Published: December 2024

Optimizing production capacities and finding new ways to reduce labour and capital costs in producing goods requires modern approaches to building production functions, finding their extremes and providing recommendations for production changes. There are several well-known production functions, including Cobb-Douglas, Bertrand, Leontiev, and Weibull. Still, their use requires careful selection for specific production and further search for constituent functions, such as the cost or production functions. To optimize the production process of manufacturing metal products, the task is to choose the production function and find its extremes.
After analyzing the given functions, it was found that the optimal function for describing this production is functions based on exponential models, which allow describing non-linear processes and are flexible enough to adapt to different types of production.
The work considers ways of optimizing industrial enterprise production processes. It proposes using an approach based on the Weibull equations to estimate labour and capital costs for product production. The search for local extrema of the production function was carried out. Based on the modelling results, recommendations were given regarding the optimal indicators of labour and capital costs.
It was determined that the optimal product release plan is the consumption of 0.007 million person-hours and 0.024 million hryvnias. It is also possible to study this function for a minimum and determine at which point, with the ratio of labour and capital costs, there is a minimum production.
Development of investment market theory
Authors: VITIUK Anna
Published: December 2024

The paper examines the essence of the investment market and defines its main tasks. The main conditions for the active development of the investment market have been identified and described. The main approaches to the definition of objects, subjects and intermediaries of the investment market are analyzed. The directions and methods of state regulation of the investment market are revealed. The peculiarities of the division of the investment market into the market of real investment and the market of financial investment have been established. The essence of the real investment market is revealed through the market of capital investments, the market of real estate and the market of goods and innovations. At the same time, the financial investment market includes the stock, money and credit markets. The main principles of the functioning of the investment market in Ukraine have been identified, among which the most important are the principles of equality, regulation, investor protection, control, efficiency, transparency and competitiveness. It is proven that the state regulation of the investment market is carried out by two methods: economic, which covers economic aspects that directly affect market decisions, and administrative, which covers administrative aspects of influence on the investment market. The division of investment market subjects depending on the type of assets sold on the investment market is substantiated. Such characteristic signs of the development of the investment market as increasing competition for investment assets, opportunities to support certain sectors of the economy, the use of financial opportunities of accelerated economic development, the collapse of the theory of free economic zones and priority development territories in Ukraine, the dominance of the interests of large economic entities, the gradual increase in the number of small, independent participants in the investment market, the growth of financial literacy of the population and their willingness to invest both directly as private investors and indirectly by acquiring the status of a client of insured companies.
Peculiarities of lending to small and medium-sized businesses in times of war
Authors: FOLTOVYCH Diana , BLASHCHUK-DEVYATKINA Nataliia
Published: December 2024

Lending to small and medium-sized businesses is a complex process that has its own characteristics and requires a careful approach. For such enterprises, it is important to have access to financial resources on favorable terms, but there are often restrictions and risks that must be taken into account. Also, small and medium-sized businesses may need not only financial support, but also management and development consulting. During the war, lending to small and medium-sized businesses becomes even more important and has its own characteristics. It becomes part of the economic mechanism, which is aimed at supporting domestic production, preserving jobs and the general economic development of the country in wartime conditions. In such conditions, lending to small and medium-sized businesses can aim not only to ensure their financial stability, but also to support the production of important goods and services for defense needs, as well as reconstruction after destruction. On the other hand, war is usually accompanied by economic hardship, which can lead to reduced credit resources and increased credit risks. It is therefore important that the government and financial institutions take steps to maintain the availability of credit for small and medium-sized enterprises during this difficult period.. The work describes the tools for supporting small and medium-sized businesses during the period of martial law in Ukraine. The advantages and disadvantages of bank lending for small and medium-sized businesses are determined. Based on this, the peculiarities of lending to small and medium-sized businesses in wartime conditions are highlighted. The general dynamics of lending volumes under the state program "Affordable loans 5-7-9%" were studied. An assessment of the dynamics of lending to small and medium-sized businesses in Ukraine since the beginning of the war has been carried out. The top-5 largest domestic banks that provided loans to medium-sized businesses in Ukraine during 2022 were considered. An analysis of crediting of small and medium-sized businesses in Ukraine during 2019-2022 was carried out, and a comparison of the interest rates at which they received credit resources during the analyzed period.
The Shift of Power from The US Decline to China’s Rise in Africa: The Geopolitical Implications of Washington's Strategic Withdrawal from Niger
Authors: Noor Zosha , Saqib Muhammad , Wakil Imran
Published: December 2024

Africa has emerged as the focal point of the growing international competition between China and the United States in recent years. This study examines how power is changing in Africa, emphasizing China's expanding influence despite the United States' declining influence. The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), which has altered Africa's infrastructure and economic landscape, is crucial to this change. However, United States' influence on the continent has diminished due to a decline in diplomatic activity, less foreign aid, and reduced economic initiatives. In particular, China and the United States are engaged in a geopolitical struggle to control Africa's markets, political alliances, and natural resource wealth. Due to its wealth of resources and quickly growing economy, which offer tremendous potential for political, military, and economic cooperation, Africa is a prime target in the broader geopolitical struggle between these two giants. Both nations have used various tactics and instruments to protect their interests.
The Russian academic explanatory lexicography as part of the European tradition of dictionary-making: genesis of the principles of normativity and historicism
Authors: Vorontsov Roman I. , Priemysheva Marina N.
Published: December 2024

The article deals with the genesis of ideas of normativity and historicism in an explanatory dictionary, which is typical of the Russian academic lexicography. The analysis is carried out with respect to the Russian and the foreign traditions of dictionary-making. The authors uncover cases of cultural influence of foreign lexicographic methodologies on the Russian explanatory dictionaries. Moreover, the national specific factors are described that have also determined the development of lexicography in Russia. The conclusion is made that the Russian original lexicographic theory based on the interpretation of both national and foreign experience has been formed by 1940s, which helped to implement a number of major lexicographic projects in the second half of the 20th century.
Yuly Aykhenwald in the debate about the theatre. Article one
Authors: Takho-Godi Elena A.
Published: December 2024

The article, for the first time ever, examines in detail the route of Yuly Isaevich Aykhenwald (1872–1928) as a theatre critic. A review of his publications in the journal “The Russian Thought” (“Russkaya Mysl”) about theatre performances is given; the evolution of his aesthetic views which finally led to his “negation of the theatre” (antitheatricality) is traced; the role of a critic in the pre-revolutionary discussions about the theatre is analysed; closely examined is the attitude of his contemporaries, such as the famous theatre critics (Nikolai Efros) and theatrical figures (Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko, Nikolai Evreinov, Vsevolod Meyerhold, Nikolai Popov and others), to his stance in 1900–1910s.
АНАЛІЗ ТА ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ СИСТЕМ ЗАХИСТУ НА ОСНОВІ КОГНІТИВНОГО МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ПРИ ПРОГНОЗУВАННІ ПОВЕДІНКИ ЗЛОВМИСНИКІВ
Authors: ГУПАЛЕНКО ВОЛОДИМИР , ТАЗЕТДІНОВ ВАЛЕРІЙ
Published: December 2024

У статті обговорюється підхід до розробки широкомасштабних когнітивних кіберфізичних систем, що характеризуються високим рівнем структурної, функціональної та архітектурної динаміки. Основна ідея запропонованого підходу полягає у використанні декількох сучасних парадигм побудови кіберфізичних систем, таких як безперервна архітектура, гнучка архітектура, цифрові двійники та цифрові потоки. Запропоновано трирівневу модель когнітивної кіберфізичної системи. Для того, щоб забезпечити необхідний рівень гнучкості системи, така можливість повинна бути закладена на більш ранніх стадіях життєвого циклу, тобто на етапі розробки. На верхньому рівні система описується в термінах безперервної архітектури, на середньому рівні система представляється як система з гнучкою архітектурою, яка описується як багаторівневий відносно скінченний автомат, а на нижньому рівні використовуються структурно-функціональні моделі, які ілюструють систему в процесі функціонування. У статті наведено приклади використання запропонованого підходу.
ДИНАМІКА ПРОНИКНЕННЯ РІДИНИ В ТЕКСТИЛЬНІ МАТЕРІАЛИ З ВРАХУВАННЯМ НЕЛІНІЙНИХ ЕФЕКТІВ
Authors: РЯБЧИКОВ МИКОЛА
Published: December 2024

Проникнення рідини в текстильні матеріали в ряді випадків визначає комфортність і функціональність виробів. В роботі запропонована спрощена методика розв’язку нелінійного рівняння руху рідини з урахуванням реальних властивостей матеріалу. Реальні константи, що характеризують цей процес повинні враховувати два аспекти – дифузію рідини і гальмування, що враховує вплив накопиченої концентрації на процес проникнення. Одержані результати демонструють необхідність врахування другого фактору, і адекватність моделі, що наближається до експериментальних даних. При цьому розроблена модель відрізняється від лінійних рішень на 20-30%, що дозволяє рекомендувати її для практичного використання.
Water penetration in many cases determines the functionality of products, in particular in special garments, as well as in medical textiles. Water penetration affects the comfort and durability of products. Existing models of water penetration have a number of shortcomings, the main of which is the impossibility of taking into account the effects of the accumulated liquid on further sorption processes.
The article analyzes the shortcomings of existing linear models of fluid passage. The presence of two processes is noted. The first of them determines the intensity of fluid movement. The second process affects this intensity with a certain accumulation of liquid in the material. Taking into account two processes leads to the need to solve a nonlinear differential equation in partial derivatives. A simplified method that takes into account the small thickness of the material is proposed. At the same time, the task is reduced to finding the concentration inside the material. The equation reduces to a differential equation in which the variables can be separated. As a result, an analytical solution was obtained, which takes into account nonlinear processes during liquid accumulation and includes two parameters that determine the sorption properties of the material.
Numerical verification showed a significant difference between the obtained results and linear models. Water penetration rates for real fluid accumulation rates differ by 20-30%. Adequacy of the obtained model is confirmed by approximation to known experimental data. The obtained results prove the need to take into account nonlinear effects when determining indicators of fluid accumulation. The developed model allows you to solve practical problems taking into account the indicators of the passage and accumulation of liquid in textile materials and products.
ІНФОРМАЦІЙНІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ ФІНАНСОВОГО АНАЛІЗУВАННЯ
Authors: БЕРКО АНДРІЙ , ОДРЕХІВСЬКИЙ МИКОЛА , ЯРОМИЧ МАКСИМ
Published: December 2024

У роботі проведено дослідження найбільш поширених способів використання інформаційних технологій для автоматизації фінансового аналізування на основі проаналізованої літератури. Показано, що ця тема є актуальною, оскільки інформаційні технології дають змогу значною мірою оптимізувати процес фінансового аналізування та ефективно приймати оптимальні рішення відповідно до ринкових реалій. Наведено аналіз використаної при проведенні дослідження літератури, який показав широкі можливості використання інформаційних технологій у цій галузі та те, що тема активно вивчається провідними світовими фахівцями. Розглянуто такі перспективні напрямки, як аналізування великих даних та застосування штучного інтелекту, надано інформацію про особливості використання цих технологій в даному аспекті, а також можливості використання у процесі фінансового аналізування мови програмування Python та середовищ Microsoft Excel та MATLAB. Було виявлено, зокрема, що за допомогою аналізування великих даних зручно відслідковувати тренди та аномалії ринку, тоді як засоби штучного інтелекту дозволяють автоматизувати повторювані завдання на основі знайдених патернів. Microsoft Excel зручно використовувати при роботі з невеликою кількістю даних, а Python та MATLAB підходять, коли поставлена задача розробки складних математичних моделей, що вимагають громіздких чисельних розрахунків. Розглянуто також ризики, до яких може призвести застосування згаданих технологій, наприклад, висока складність алгоритмів штучного інтелекту та наявність “шуму” в даних може викликати неточний результат, а в Microsoft Excel можуть бути недостатньо спеціалізовані можливості обробки даних. Для кожного з засобів автоматизації наведені приклади їх доцільного використання, створено порівняльну таблицю із перевагами та недоліками тої чи іншої технології. За підсумками роботи сформовано висновки про ефективність використання проаналізованих технологій та про перспективність подального дослідження цієї теми.
ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ ВНЕСЕННЯ ДОБРИВ У СУЧАСНИХ ТЕПЛИЧНИХ ГОСПОДАРСТВАХ
Authors: БАБИН ІГОР , ЛУЦ ПАВЛО , РІПА СЕРГІЙ
Published: December 2024

У статті розглянуті основні технології та способи внесення добрив у сучасних тепличних господарствах, переваги та недоліки. Їх вплив на продуктивність тепличного вирощування сільськогосподарської продукції.
МАЛИЙ ТА СЕРЕДНІЙ БІЗНЕС ЯК ДЕТЕРМІНАНТА РОЗВИТКУ ТЕРИТОРІЙ
Authors: ТУЛЬЧИНСЬКА Світлана , ШИЛО Андрій
Published: December 2024

Стаття присвячена обґрунтуванню ролі малого та середнього бізнесу як детермінанти зміцнення територій, що є важливим кроком для розробки стратегій сталого розвитку, які враховують особливості й потреби кожного регіону. Проаналізовано динаміку зміни кількості діючих суб’єктів середнього та малого підприємництва за 2010-2023 рр., яка дала можливість зазначити, що після скорочення кількості суб’єктів малого та середнього бізнесу у 2022 р. у 2023 р. відбулося зростання їх чисельності. Виокремлено роль та функції малого та середнього бізнесу у соціально-економічному розвитку країни. З’ясовано основні виклики, що стримують розвиток малого та середнього бізнесу в Україні. Визначено роль малого та середнього бізнесу у розвитку територій, що забезпечує: економічну стабільність та диверсифікацію економіки, створення робочих місць та підвищення зайнятості, стимулювання інновацій та економічного розвитку територій, зміцнення соціальної стабільності, стимулювання конкуренції та покращення якості послуг і товарів, розвиток місцевої інфраструктури та підтримку соціальних ініціатив. Визначено напрями державної політики щодо забезпечення розвитку малого та середнього бізнесу.
Physical chemical and biological quality test of spring in meurandeh
Authors: Lubis Adelia Maisyaroh , Jayanthi Sri , Setyoko Setyoko , Pranata Guswarni , Tanjung Rizkan Azhari , Abadi Muhammad Hafizi
Published: December 2024

The spring in Meurandeh is a source of water that is widely used by residents as drinking water and natural medicine. This water is also often consumed raw without being processed. This study aims to determine the quality of the springs in Meurandeh. This type of research is descriptive qualitative with observational data collection methods. The data collected in this study was compiled, explained, and analyzed. Parameters tested include physical, chemical, and biological parameters. Physical parameters include odor, color, dissolved solids, and temperature. Chemical parameters include pH, hardness, iron, fluoride, DO, nitrate, nitrite, cyanide, detergent, and manganese. While the biological parameters are total Coliform and E.coli. Measurements of odor, dissolved solids, DO, temperature, and pH were carried out directly in the field. Tests for hardness, iron, fluoride, nitrate, nitrite, cyanide, detergent, manganese, total coliform, and E. coli were carried out at the Testing Laboratory of the Banda Aceh Center for Standardization and Industrial Services. The results showed that 14 of the 16 parameters tested met the requirements for drinking water quality according to the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 492 of 2010. Meanwhile, the other two did not meet these requirements, namely pH and total Colliform.
The impact of differentiated learning in team-based project on undergraduate students' design thinking mindset
Authors: Astriawati Fitri , Siburian Jodion , Mardiyanti Lely
Published: December 2024

Rapid advancements in science and technology necessitate that universities prepare students to be adaptable, flexible, and globally competitive through the mastery of design thinking. This study aims to determine the impact of differentiated learning in team-based projects (TBPj) in improving students’ design thinking mindsets. The research methodology employed was a quasi-experimental design, with a non-equivalent post-test control group. The research sample comprised Jambi University Biology Education students selected using a purposive sampling technique. Student design thinking mindset was assessed using a questionnaire consisting of 84 statements and analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U-test. The results indicated that the control class design thinking mindset score (Mdn = 321.00) was significantly lower than that of the experimental class (Mdn = 374; U = 115.500, p < 0.001, r = 0.67). Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the implementation of differentiated learning in team-based projects (TBPj) has a high impact on improving students’ design thinking mindset.
Implementação da metodologia 8s para otimização do estoque
Authors: ANDRADE WERNECK VASCONCELOS ANIZIA , RABELO ALMEIDA DOS SANTOS THALITA
Published: December 2024

A Metodologia 8S é uma adaptação brasileira da metodologia japonesa 5S, que concentra um alto potencial de organização e limpeza, possuindo baixo custo para implementação. A pesquisa teve como objetivo aplicar os oito pilares do 8S (Utilização, Organização, Bem-estar, Limpeza, Autodisciplina, Determinação e União, Educação e Treinamento e Combate ao Desperdício) no estoque de uma microempresa do ramo de papelaria, para otimizar o controle do mesmo e organizar o ambiente. Inicialmente, foram feitas observações, entrevistas com os funcionários e registros fotográficos, a fim de construir um Diagrama de Causa e Efeito para nortear as ações posteriores. A pesquisa pode ser classificada como aplicada, descritiva e qualitativa, e consiste em um estudo de caso. Após a sua realização, foram constatadas melhorias na locomoção dos funcionários dentro do estoque, maior facilidade no encontro itens para reposição, maior controle sobre as datas de vencimento das mercadorias e fortalecimento do trabalho em equipe.
РАЗРАБОТКА ОНЛАЙН-ПЛАТФОРМЫ ДЛЯ ПОИСКА ТАНДЕМНЫХ ПОВТОРОВ ПРИ ПОЛНОГЕНОМНОМ СЕКВЕНИРОВАНИИ
Authors: Голенко Е.С. , Исмаилова А.А. , Кадиркулов К.К. , Календарь Р.Н.
Published: December 2024

В статье представлены результаты разработки онлайнплатформы для идентификации тандемных повторов при полногеномном секвенировании, обнаружение которых является критически важным для многих областей генетики, криминалистики и медицины. Разработка специализированного программного обеспечения для анализа данных полногеномного секвенирования имеет огромное значение для биологических и медицинских исследований, однако идентификация этих повторов является крайне сложной задачей из-за их высокой вариабельности и сложности, а традиционные методы часто сталкиваются с трудностями при анализе тандемных повторов. В исследовании приведены анализ и обсуждение существующих методов идентификации тандемных повторов, обозначены их преимущества и недостатки, а также рассмотрены перспективы и направления дальнейших исследований в этой области. Наряду с описанием и применением традиционного подхода к обработке данных секвенирования для поиска тандемных повторов в предлагаемом программном обеспечении используется специально разработанный алгоритм, позволяющий идентифицировать все типы коротких тандемных повторов. Платформа реализована с использованием клиент-серверной архитектуры, включает в себя авторизацию пользователя, страницы задания параметров вычислений повторов, отражение и сохранение истории результатов и их просмотр в текстовом и визуализированном форматах.
SPEAKER IDENTIFICATION USING DISTRIBUTION-PRESERVING X-VECTOR GENERATION
Authors: Kydyrbekova A. , Oralbekova D.
Published: December 2024

With the increasing use of voice assistants and spoken language interfaces, important concerns have arisen regarding the privacy of voice data. In an attempt to mitigate the threat of attacks on voice data, in this paper we propose an x-vector identification and authentication system. This method modifies the speaker's pitch and accent information from the original speech signal. The proposed method produces a more natural-sounding anonymized voice in addition to the de-identified speaker. However, it yields a relative EER improvement of up to 19.30% for the identified-anonymized registration-test pairs. We observed that along with good speaker de-identification, the anonymized utterances have adequate speech intelligibility and naturalness. Our method can be easily integrated with others as an identification component of a system and eliminates the need to assign speakers to use during identification.
Kerncurriculum Erziehungswissenschaft: ein Blick zurück und nach vorn. Interview mit Rudolf Tippelt, geführt von Michael Schemmann
Authors: Tippelt Rudolf , Schemmann Michael
Published: December 2024

In light of the adoption of the 2024 Core Curriculum for Educational Studies, it is essential to revisit its historical origins. The initial version was ratified in 2004 by the board of The German Educational Research Association (GERA) at that time. In an interview with Michael Schemmann, Rudolf Tippelt, a key participant in the process, reflects on the contextual factors, underlying motives, and the debates that shaped its development.
Adapting a Transdisciplinary Approach to Regional Development in the Case of Facilitating Planning of Energy Systems
Authors: Fredricson Magnus , Linnéusson Gary , Aslam Tehseen
Published: December 2024

In this paper, we aim to facilitate regional development through collaborative meta-governance processes, involving municipalities, energy companies and more actors. The case in point involves increased electrification through the development of local energy systems in a sub-region comprising 15 municipalities and 21 grid owners and is an exemplary case where a transdisciplinary engineering approach is not only suitable but the only path forward. The complex problem landscape comprises interdependencies across different roles, such as politicians, civil servants, and engineers at energy companies, where autonomous entities act independently. We employ a design science research approach to create artefacts to support the meta-governance mechanisms needed to accelerate social change processes. One artefact is a system dynamics simulation model to analyze scenarios considering the electrification of vehicles and implementing large wind and solar energy units to enable the establishment of new industries. We provide brief overviews of how three artefacts assist in visualizing 1) roles, 2) structures, and 3) scenarios to the decision-makers, to facilitate various transdisciplinary decision-making processes in regional development. In the discussion, we synthesize our learnings into a model to support mitigating powerlessness in this complex multi-stakeholder context. Finally, we lay out future research to further contribute to the social change and regional development we believe is necessary.
The Role of Steemit as a Blockchain-Based Platform in Fostering Digital Financial Activism and Community Engagement
Authors: Mabrouk Hatem , Trigos Federico , Valderrey Francisco
Published: December 2024

Technology is a relevant actor in the globalisation process. For instance, blockchain offers society many uses beyond the well-known possibilities of permanent record registration, expanding monetary possibilities through cryptocurrencies, or providing clarity in transactions. This connection underscores blockchain technology’s transdisciplinary engineering nature and potential to bridge various domains, fostering a constructive dialogue that transcends conventional boundaries. Indeed, blockchain may start trends and provide endless solutions through social media platforms based on its distinctive technology development. Research has showcased the value of online platforms by encouraging money-minded dialogues or cause-based movements, resulting in the financial empowerment of individuals committed to sharing, teaching, and learning state-of-the-art technologies applied to finance. Nevertheless, it still needs to be explained how platforms built on blockchain technology could drive social transformation and promote social change, encouraging digital activism and propelling community involvement. Therefore, this investigation targets one of the most notorious social media blockchain-based platforms, Steemit, to demonstrate its positive impact on engaged individuals, helping them to promote a conscious use of finance and taking their mainstream users to a higher degree of expertise when using sophisticated blockchain tools. The contribution of this article provides evidence of a blockchain platform’s influence on a broader understanding of financial knowledge and technology societal roles. Such advancement expands a constructive dialogue to other areas, as far apart from traditional finance as transdisciplinary engineering.
A Transdisciplinary Approach to Holographic Indoor Navigation Using Mixed Reality and Cloud Computing
Authors: Morganti Alessio , Grandi Fabio , Khamaisi Riccardo Karim , Peruzzini Margherita
Published: December 2024

The advent of Industry 4.0 has led to the need to train highly skilled operators in complex and dynamic environments, through the convergence of physical and digital technologies. In this context, indoor navigation plays a crucial role in the training of Operators 4.0, allowing them to acquire spatial knowledge and specific skills to operate effectively in advanced industrial environments. However, the challenges associated with this technology, such as environmental complexity and obstacles, require an innovative approach to operator training. Mixed Reality (MR) represents a promising technological innovation for the development of these systems. Indeed, MR enables the co-represence of digital and real world, by content overlapping and integrated interaction between virtual and real assets, promoting efficiency, safety and user engagement. Within this scenario, the paper proposes a Holographic Navigation (HoloNav) methodology based on spatial and cloud computing for the development of an indoor navigation application according to a transdisciplinary approach. The application is deployed on the Microsoft HoloLens 2 as MR device, using Microsoft Azure Spatial Anchors (ASA) and Cloud Storage Account resources. This study aims to provide an applied methodology and guidelines for application development, and to analyze the broader social implications and potential for social change of such MR technology to support training processes. The proposed ASA-based HoloNav approach was applied through a case study, where a tour inside the spare parts warehouse was developed for new operators who need to start familiarizing themselves with all the different areas.
Enhancing Sustainable Behavior Through Design: A Case Study of Trash Disposal Area in Learning Environment
Authors: Hung Yun-Jou , Mao Guan-Qiao , Liu Hsing-Yu , Kuo Jo-Yu , Chang Shih-Chuan
Published: December 2024

Littering in public areas presents a significant health and environmental challenge. This case study explores the use of design interventions to reduce such behavior and encourage social change. We focused on the trash disposal area in our school department, which has long been in state of disarray. Our goal was to modify user behavior through design, thereby maintaining cleanliness in the environment over the long term. Following the redesign and reconstruction of this space, we conducted a two-week experiment, utilizing camera footage to observe user behavior and surveys. Upon conclusion, a total of 72 responses were collected through an online questionnaire. Participants were asked to provide feedback on their experiences and perceptions regarding the redesigned trash disposal area. Further statistical analysis, including the McNemar Test, backward elimination logic regression, and independent samples t-test, was employed to assess the effectiveness of the overall trash disposal space planning and various design elements. From the results, we found a significant improvement in satisfaction and identified a design factor, posters featuring divine patterns and slogans, which significantly influenced user behavior. This study not only observed whether design could alter behavior and optimise the environment but also incorporated some clever ideas into the design to resonate with both teachers and students. We hope that even the simple act of disposing of trash can be enjoyable and that such designs will encourage the faculty and students of the design gallery to collectively maintain a clean and comfortable learning environment.
Automating Collateral Management in Securities Lending: A Blockchain Approach
Authors: Matsushita Hironori , Maruoka Kento , Okada Yutaka , Isiyama Kenji , Tanaka Kenji
Published: December 2024

The financial market stress of 2008, triggered by the collapse of Lehman Brothers, underscored the critical need for efficient collateral management in financial transactions. This research focuses on developing and simulating a blockchain platform designed to automate the collateral value adjustment in securities lending transactions, where the key stakeholders include financial institutions, market participants, and regulatory bodies. The platform proposes innovative transaction flows and algorithms to manage collateral automatically, significantly making risk management more effective and reducing administrative costs. The study’s methodology includes 1) designing a blockchain platform for automated collateral management, 2) developing and testing collateral value adjustment algorithms, and 3) conducting case studies with real stock and bond price data to evaluate the platform’s effectiveness. A notable outcome of this research is the reduced credit risk and liquidity compared to traditional procedures, based on the benefit of collateral diversification enabled by the automated algorithms employing multiple tokens as collaterals. This research contributes to the field of transdisciplinary engineering by integrating financial and technological disciplines, particularly in leveraging blockchain technology for financial applications. Furthermore, the study reflects on broader societal impacts, such as improving the efficiency and security of financial transactions, potentially stabilizing market volatility, and offering insights for policy-making in sound and robust settlement systems.
Application of Scrum and Design Science Research in Crafting an Intelligent Battery Management System
Authors: Gotz Joelton Deonei , Borsato Milton , Belém Maria Júlia Xavier
Published: December 2024

Lithium-ion batteries are one of the most promising technologies in energy storage due to their high energy density and long service life. Despite this, this technology can present failures that reduce its useful life. For this reason, battery management projects are constantly developed in the industry, aiming to optimize and reduce battery degradation, mainly for applications in second-life cells. In this context, this work aimed to create a project with a transdisciplinary team for an intelligent lithium-ion battery manager for applications in energy storage solutions by combining the Design Science Research (DSR) methodology and framework Scrum. The DSR methodology was applied to monitor the design of the intelligent manager. Conversely, Scrum was used for project management and control through weekly monitoring meetings and creating Sprints. Despite problems observed during the project, such as developer turnover, the project management was successful. It resulted in the presentation of the developed artefact at a conference and the publication of an article in an international journal. The combinations of both methodologies resulted in success and can be applied to other future product development projects and even for startups.
Revisiting the Philosophical Issues in the Practice of Engineering Design
Authors: Andrews David
Published: December 2024

The Royal Academy of Engineering held a series of seminars on the Philosophy of Engineering in 2007, to which this author contributed a paper entitled “Philosophical Issues in the Practice of Engineering Design”. This considered this essential feature of engineering, which is to apply scientific methods to produce products created to meet human needs by ensuring their realisation obey relevant theories to achieve practical ends. This is done by a design practice which has not received the same level of philosophical enquiry that has been addressed to the pure or “natural” sciences or even engineering analysis and the research associated with that practice. While the 2007 paper is reviewed in the light of almost two decades of further research into the most demanding of engineering design practice – that of physically large and complex systems (exemplified by certain marine vessels, large civil engineering constructions and major chemical plant) – it has been observed that the practice of such design has itself grown in complexity. From considerations of design philosophy, including quite contrary visions, design at this demanding level encompasses the creation of not just technological products but also organisations, processes, environments and even ways of thinking. Thus, the practice of engineering design is very much a human endeavour that is largely conducted by teams of engineers, often of different sub-disciplines interacting with non-engineering stakeholders. With the onset of AI and Machine Learning how this Computer Aided Design practice is likely to change is seen as a philosophical and sociological question.
Aligning Stakeholders Viewpoints in Realizing Trustworthy CPS: Architectural Framework as a Boundary Object
Authors: Ramli Muhammad Rusyadi , Asplund Fredrik , Fornaro Gianfilippo , Törngren Martin
Published: December 2024

This study provides an evaluation of an architecture framework intended to support stakeholders in realizing trustworthy cyber-physical systems (CPS), referred to as the T-Framework. The framework explicitly addresses CPS complexity, including the fact that multiple trustworthiness aspects will need to be considered for contemporary CPS, from classical dependability aspects to ethical concerns involving artificial intelligence. In addition, this study also investigates the problems that are repeatedly encountered by the stakeholders involved in realizing trustworthy CPS. To achieve the goals of the study, the boundary object and knowledge boundary concepts from social sciences were used. These concepts are useful tools to examine how various involved stakeholders can cooperate on a project through the utilization of objects, even though they have different perspectives and conflicting interests. Focus groups were used as the methodological approach to gather feedback from various experts in CPS from industry and academia. Findings show that stakeholders repeatedly encounter problems when making trade-offs between trustworthiness attributes and system aspects, dealing with prioritization, and making final decisions. The findings further show that the T-Framework can potentially guide stakeholders in addressing these problems as a boundary object. Furthermore, based on the feedback from the participants, several aspects for improvements or additional consideration in the T-Framework were identified, including clarifications regarding the framework workflow and terminology.
Transition Engineering Sprint with Oil Industry Experts: Finding the Possibility for Climate-Safe Business Strategies
Authors: Boulton Jack , Krumdieck Susan
Published: December 2024

Oil production must decline substantially over the coming decades to stay within climate-safe limits. Current oil company business models are not prepared for the production decline required by climate-safe pathways. The two opposing facts create a dissonance and inhibit oil company business strategy from entering the opportunity space. The opportunity space is where the possible becomes the profitable within the constraints of what is feasible and socially acceptable. Transition Engineering is a transdisciplinary engineering approach that applies systems thinking, risk management, and systems engineering to resolve wicked problems of the energy transition. This article applies Transition Engineering to the wicked problem of the future business of oil companies. A workshop series was conducted with oil industry experts from various backgrounds. The result was the realisation of an opportunity space which dispelled the dissonance surrounding the wicked problem. Transition Engineering tools shifted participants’ focus from the dissonance surrounding the wicked problem to the exploration of the opportunity space. Another result is contributions to the use of Transition Engineering tools in complex upstream energy industry scenarios. Future work will enter the opportunity space and design business model options and strategies.