bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on Fat and Thin Analysis of Tongue Body Based on Two-Dimensional Ultrasonic Imaging
Authors: Hu Yanguo , Zhao Yaying , Fu Dean
Published: June 2018

In the development of traditional Chinese medicine in China for five thousand years, the tongue clinic occupies a very important position. In Chinese medicine, it is an irreplaceable role in the diagnosis and treatment of Chinese medicine of important method. Tongue diagnosis as one of the most characteristic of Chinese medicine diagnosis has been from the previous subjective observation, relying on the experience to judge the era into the new era of tongue diagnosis objectification, quantification, and the introduction of computer digital image processing technology to more Accurate diagnosis. This article will mainly introduce the current in the Chinese and Western medicine on all aspects of the tongue diagnosis of the objective, micro, quantitative progress, the characteristics of tongue images and a variety of processing techniques, including tongue image automatic segmentation, and tongue fat and thin The Relationship and Modernization of Organ Pathology in Viscera. At the same time, a tongue-sized measurement method is introduced. Two-dimensional ultrasound imaging is used as a means of inspection to establish a set of ultrasonic tongue-sized measurement methods. The measured parameters include the two longitudinal planes of the tongue and the cross-section of the tongue. Out of the tongue size of the data, the overall analysis of the size of the tongue shape. This method combines some of the configuration line spacing, area, and circumference measurement functions to directly measure the data. Finally, through the accuracy test of the measurement method, it is proved that the measurement result of tongue two-dimensional ultrasound imaging is accurate. All the eﬀorts of modernization are committed to the Chinese medicine tongue medicine to scientific can be quantified; Chinese medicine tongue diagnosis will also make a greater contribution to modern medicine.
Analysis on Ecological Protection of Urban Wetland
Authors: Ye Pengfei , Hao Xiaoying , Cao Yifei
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT Urban wetland is an important ecological infrastructure of the city, which is an important natural system that depends on the sustainable development of the city. It has many ecological and social service functions. Urban wetland ecosystems are currently facing serious pollution, wetland area is reduced, biodiversity is seriously damaged, biological invasion led to the disappearance of the original species and other issues, for these issues proposed to create wetland parks, the establishment of nature reserves, the use of bioremediation of wetlands, Eﬀective wetland information and evaluation system, strengthen legislation enforcement, regulate eco-tourism, strengthen international cooperation, change the mode of operation and other eﬀective measures to restore and protect.
Smooth lumpsucker Aptocyclus ventricosus in the northwestern Sea of Japan: distribution and some life history traits
Authors: Solomatov Sergei F. , Orlov Alexei M.
Published: June 2018

This paper is focused on horizontal, vertical, and temperature-dependent distributions, size composition of bottom and mid-water trawl catches, and biomass estimations of smooth lumpsucker Aptocyclus ventricosus (Pallas) (Cyclopteridae) within the Russian Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of the northwestern Sea of Japan. This species is distributed very widely throughout the study area inhabiting both near-bottom layers and water column. It is less abundant in small bays and in the northern Tatar Strait (north to 50°N). Despite wide bathymetric (0 to 940 m) and temperature (-1.1 to +12.2 °C) ranges this species occurred mainly within the lower mesopelagic zone of 400-800 m depths and cold temperatures of -0.5-1°C. In the near-bottom layer catches of smooth lumpsucker were represented by fish with TL 5-45 cm (mean 28.1 cm, dominant lengths 29-37 cm) while in water column its TL varied 4 to 41 cm with mean 17.9 cm, most abundant were fish with TL 8-15 and 24-31 cm; the difference is associated with specific life history aspects of the species considered. Recent increase of smooth lumpsucker biomass in the study area was observed with estimated value of 3000 t in the northern Primorye.
In vitro study of Lactobacillus plantarum properties as a potential probiotic strain and an alternative method to antibiotic treatment of fish
Authors: Kazuń Barbara , Kazuń Krzysztof , Żylińska Joanna , Siwicki Andrzej K.
Published: June 2018

The presence of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) favors the stabilization of intestinal flora, facilitates digestion, improves the assimilability of fodder, and has an immunomodulatory effect on the immune system. According to current research, the application of LAB following antibiotic treatment prevents the development of opportunistic bacteria inhabiting the digestive tract. In the study the potential probiotic properties of Lactobacillus plantarum strains, which can be administered as an alternative to antibiotic treatment in aquaculture, were investigated under in vitro conditions. The strains of L. plantarum were characterized for important properties such as the ability to grow in the presence of 10% fish bile, a tolerance of low pH, and antagonism to pathogens dangerous for fish such as Aeromonas salmonicida and Pseudomonas fluorescens; therefore, they meeting the criteria for strains with probiotic properties. In view of currently increasing resistance to antibiotics and a decrease of their efficiency, probiotic bacteria can serve to support immunity to infections in the future.
Haciendo “hablar” a una historia muda. Surgimiento y consolidación de la comunidad sorda de Morelia
Authors: Jullian Christian
Published: June 2018

Este trabajo describe y analiza el nacimiento y desarrollo de la Comunidad Sorda de Morelia, subrayando los rasgos que la caracterizaron y algunos de los acontecimientos más relevantes de su pasado. Asimismo, mediante una breve revisión de la historia de uno de los grupos de sordos mejor estudiados y probablemente más influyente en México, el de los estudiantes de la Escuela Nacional de Sordomudos en el Distrito Federal, se muestran las similitudes y los contrastes entre este colectivo y el moreliano.
Comunidades costeras del noroeste mexicano haciendo ciencia
Authors: Jiménez Esquivel Victoria , López-Sagástegui Catalina , Cota Nieto Juan José , Mascareñas  Osorio Ismael
Published: June 2018

En México la actividad pesquera más significativa es la ribereña o artesanal. La situación actual de la pesca ribereña en México muestra una urgencia por medidas de manejo pesquero participativas. El Programa Marino del Golfo de California (PMGC) creó el Programa de Ciencia Colaborativa (PCC), como mecanismo para integrar el conocimiento y experiencia de pescadores y científicos para entender el estado de los recursos pesqueros comercialmente importantes, implementando técnicas innovadoras que permiten integrar la investigación participativa donde la tecnología y la confianza son componentes clave del proceso. Desde el 2009, las comunidades pesqueras de San Felipe en Baja California, El Golfo de Santa Clara en Sonora, Punta Abreojos, Puerto Adolfo López Mateos, Puerto San Carlos y Puerto Chale en Baja California Sur se han integrado al PCC para comprender el vínculo entre sus pesquerías y los recursos naturales incluyendo el componente espacio – temporal. Hasta ahora contamos con una extensa base de datos para analizar la dinámica pesquera desde una escala regional y por comunidad. El PCC tiene un impacto positivo en el cumplimiento de las metas de conservación, esta metodología tiene un valor incalculable para la investigación y el crecimiento sostenible de las comunidades. La información generada es objetiva y ha sido incorporada en procesos de toma de decisiones, en los cuales las comunidades y administradores de recursos han expuesto su interés en implementar alternativas de manejo que se adecúen a las necesidades de los usuarios
Daniela Marino. Huixquilucan. Ley y justicia en la modernización del espacio rural mexiquense, 1856-1910. Madrid: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Estudios Americanos, Tierra Nueva, 2016, 269 p. ISBN 978-84-00-10081-0
Authors: Ultreras Villagrana Paulina
Published: June 2018

El libro de Marino, publicado en la colección maior de Estudios Americanos del CSIC, denominada Tierra Nueva, aclara y abre nuevas líneas de investigación sobre el siglo XIX mexicano, en particular, en la historia social del derecho y el proceso de desamortización de tierras en el Estado de México.
A río revuelto, ¿ganancia de pescadores? Política pesquera, desarrollo y medio ambiente.
Authors: Gayol Victor
Published: June 2018

Presentación
The CHARACTERIZATION OF SYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF CRILIN AND NANOCURCUMIN ON TREATMENT FOR 7, 12 DIMETHYLBENZ [A] ATHRACENE (DMBA)-INDUCED BREAST CANCER MICE
Authors: Tran Gia-Buu
Published: June 2018

Breast cancer is the neoplastic disease which is characterized by unregulated ductal and lobular hyperplasia. Some herbal remedies have been researched and proved the inhibitory effect on breast cancer such as, Crilin-extracted from Cirnum latifolum and curcumin-isolated from Cucuma longa. However, the synergistic effect of crilin and nanocurcumin have not been studied yet. In this study, we established the mouse model of breast cancer induced by DMBA and evaluated the effectiveness of combination of crilin and nanocurcumin on treatment of breast cancer. After 12 weeks, co-administration of crilin and nanocurcumin inversed alteration of body weight, the number of erythrocytes and leukocytes induced by DMBA. Furthermore, the synergistic effect of crilin and nanocucumin on reduction of tumor volume was proven. Histological analysis revealed that co-administration of crilin and nanocurcumin inhibited invasion of mammary ductal carcinoma cells into surrounding tissue, recovered lobular cells structure, and diminished leukocyte composition. Thereby, the combination of crilin and nanocurcumin recovers immune system and prevent the development of breast cancer.
Mối liên quan giữa độ ngưng tập tiểu cầu với kiểu gen CYP2C19*2, CYP2C19*3 và một số yếu tố khác trên bệnh nhân đau thắt ngực không ổn định
Authors: Thi Thuy Mau Nguyen
Published: June 2018

Đa hình di truyền (ĐHDT) gen CYP2C19 liên quan đến chuyển hóa thuốc clopidogrel thông qua đo độ ngưng tập tiểu cầu (NTTC) ở bệnh nhân đau thắt ngực không ổn định. Nghiên cứu nhằm xác định tần số phân bố đa hình gen CYP2C19 và ảnh hưởng của chúng cùng một số yếu tố khác lên độ NTTC. Nghiên cứu tiến hành trên 54 bệnh nhân theo phương pháp mô tả cắt ngang. Kết quả tần số kiểu gen CYP2C19*1/*1, *1/*2, *1/*3, *2/*2 và *2/*3 lần lượt là 44,4%, 33,3%, 7,4%, 11,1% và 3,8%. Tỷ lệ tác dụng gen chuyển hóa thuốc bình thường, giảm và kém lần lượt là 44,4%, 40,7% và 14,9%. ĐHDT gen CYP2C19 có ảnh hưởng lên độ NTTC. Với alen CYP2C19*2, độ NTTC của kiểu gen GA cao hơn kiểu gen GG (p=0,016). Độ NTTC có sự khác biệt giữa nhóm tác dụng chuyển hóa bình thường và (giảm+kém) (p=0,027). Trong nghiên cứu này, tần số alen CYP2C19*2 khá cao trong khi tần số alen CYP2C19*3 tương đối thấp. Hơn nữa, alen *2 có tác động rõ rệt đến độ NTTC. Tuy nhiên, nghiên cứu chưa thấy sự ảnh hưởng của yếu tố phi di truyền lên độ NTTC.
Towards an integrated restoration/forward geomechanical modelling workflow for basin evolution prediction
Authors: Crook Anthony J.L. , Obradors-Prats Joshua , Somer Deniz , Peric Djordje , Lovely Pete , Kacewicz Marek
Published: June 2018

Many sedimentary basins host important reserves of exploitable energy resources. Understanding of the present-day state of stresses, porosity, overpressure and geometric configuration is essential in order to minimize production costs and enhance safety in operations. The data that can be measured from the field is, however, limited and at a non-optimal resolution. Structural restoration (inverse modelling of past deformation) is often used to validate structural interpretations from seismic data. In addition, it provides the undeformed state of the basin, which is a pre-requisite to understanding fluid migration or to perform forward simulations. Here, we present a workflow that integrates geomechanical-based structural restoration and forward geomechanical modelling in a finite element framework. The geometry and the boundary kinematics derived from restoration are used to automatically create a forward geomechanical model. Iterative correction may then be performed by either modifying the assumptions of the restoration or modifying the restoration-derived boundary conditions in the forward model. The methodology is applied to two problems; firstly, a sand-box scale benchmark model consisting of sand sediments sliding on silicon leading to the formation of a graben structure; secondly, a field-scale thrust-related anticline from Niger Delta. Two strategies to provide further constraint on fault development in the restoration-derived forward simulation are also presented. It is shown that the workflow reproduces the first order structural features observed in the target geometry. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the iterative approach provides improved understanding of the evolution and additional information of current-day stress and material state for the Niger Delta Case.
Adsorption and Diffusion of Na+, Cs+ and Ca+2 Ions in C-S-H and C-a-S-H Nanopores
Authors: Duque-Redondo Eduardo , Yamada Kazuo , Arbeloa Iñigo Lopez , Manzano Hegoi
Published: June 2018

Cementitious materials act as a diffusion barrier, immobilizing liquid and solid

radioactive waste and preventing their release into the biosphere. The retention capability of hydrated

cement paste and its main hydration product, C-S-H gel, has been extensively explored experimentally

for many alkali and alkaline earth cations. Nevertheless, the retention mechanisms of these cations at

the molecular scale are still unclear. In this paper, we have employed molecular dynamics simulations

to study the capacity of C-S-H to retain Cs, Ca and Na, analyzing the number of high-affinity sites on

the surface, the type of sorption for each cation and the diffusivity of these ions. We have also explored

the impact of aluminum incorporation in C-S-H at a constant concentration of the ions in the gel pore.

We found strong competition for surface sorption sites, with notable differences in the retention of the

cations under study and a remarkable enhance of the adsorption in C-A-S-H with respect to C-S-H.
Solid State Analysis and Theoretical Explorations on Polymorphic and Hydrate Forms of p-Hydroxybenzaldehyde Isonicotinichydrazone: Effect of Additives on Polymorphic Crystallization
Authors: Tom Lincy , Smolenski Victoria A. , Jasinski Jerry P. , Kurup M.R. Prathapachandra
Published: June 2018

The reaction of p-hydroxybenzaldehyde with an equimolar amount of isonicotinic hydrazide afforded two polymorphic and hydrate forms of p-hydroxybenzaldehyde isonicotinichydrazone (HBIH) by varying the experimental reaction conditions. The compounds are fully characterized by means of single crystal and powder diffraction methods, vibrational spectroscopy (FT-IR and Raman), thermal and elemental analysis. The compound crystallizes in three different forms in two different space groups, P21/c (form PA and PB) and Pbca (PC). The Hirshfeld surface analysis shows the differences in the relative contributions of intermolecular interactions to the total Hirshfeld surface area for the HBIH molecules. The calculated pairwise interaction energies (104-116 kJ/mol) can be related to the stability of the crystals. Energy framework analysis identifies the interaction hierarchy and their topology. The geometry and conformation of the three forms are essentially similar which differ only by packing arrangement.
Volume estimations for combined free-weight and rubber-band resistance exercise
Authors: Shoepe Todd C. , Ricci Jeanette M.
Published: June 2018

Volume, or the total work performed during resistance training is one of the vital variables of resistance exercise programming. The most common definition in use by practitioners is sets x reps x external weight. While appropriate for linear loading incurred through free-weight resistance exercise, this inadequately addresses the nonlinear loading incurred with rubber resistance, a relatively new loading technique. The purpose of this investigation was to derive a theoretical model to describe a method of volume calculation for rubber band plus free-weight exercise. Men (n=51; age 19.5±1.6 years; body height 1.76±0.07 meters; body weight 77.3±11.3 kilograms) and women participants (n=66; age 18.9±1.1 years; body height 1.65±0.07 meters; body weight 62.8±9.1 kilograms) were measured for band lengths incurred at: squat with knee extended position, squat with flexed position, and change in band length was then calculated. Significant gender differences were seen for band length change as a percentage of body height (p<0.5) during the squat, which mandated separate volume equations (females=33.8%; males=35.3% of body height). Equations were determined for total external volume estimation in kgm=[0.338(m+2c2+(ln(h)-0.383)2c1)]/g and kgm=[0.352(m+2c2+(ln(h)-0.382)2c1)]/g for females and males, respectively, where m is the total external resistance, c2 and c1 are constants derived from rubber-band loading parameters, h is the body height of the participant, and g is gravitational acceleration. This work provides practitioners and researchers with a simple theoretical method for work estimation using participant’s body height to estimate displacement values during the squat exercise.
Analysis of muscle activity during the bench press exercise performed with the pre-activation method on stable and unstable surfaces
Authors: Torres Pirauá André Luiz , Barros Beltrão Natália
Published: June 2018

This study compared the EMG activity of the upper limb and shoulder girdle muscles in a resistance training session involving the pre-activation method in stable and unstable conditions. Fourteen healthy male volunteers (age 22.5±2.4 years; body height 173.6±7.10 cm; body mass 76.03±9.02 kg) performed under three exercise conditions in a randomized order: a) barbell bench press, b) stable dumbbell fly and barbell bench press, and c) unstable dumbbell fly and barbell bench press. Subjects performed 10 repetitions of stable or unstable dumbbell fly at 30% of 1RM, and barbell bench press was executed at 60% of 1RM until concentric failure. The 1RM test was performed in both exercises and, on the case of dumbbell fly, on both surfaces. EMG-signals from the pectoralis maior (PM), deltoid anterior (DA), triceps brachii (TB) and serratus anterior (SA) were acquired. Two-way ANOVA for repeated measures indicated that the pre-activation method performed in both surfaces raised the EMG activity for all muscles: PM (p≤0.01), DA (p≤0.02), TB (p≤0.02) and SA (p≤0.03), and no differences were observed between stable and unstable conditions (p≥0.228). These results indicate that the execution of a previous exercise increases EMG activity. However, as there was no exclusive increase for primary agonist muscles, this increase cannot be attributed to the pre-activation method, but rather to the completion of two consecutive exercises.
Dokter Aktif di Multi Level Marketing (MLM) dengan Produk yang Mengklaim Manfaat Kesehatan atau Penyembuhan, Bolehkah?
Authors: Prawiroharjo Pukovisa , Baharuddin Mohammad , Permana Yadi
Published: June 2018

Bisnis multi level marketing (MLM) telah merambah ke sektor kesehatan dan menjadikan dokter sebagai agen potensial dalam pemasaran produk. Selain sebagai figur yang dipercaya oleh masyarakat, otoritas penuh yang dimiliki dokter dalam meresepkan obat mempermudah dokter untuk menjalani bisnis MLM. Dokter jelas memiliki konflik kepentingan pada produk MLM yang memiliki klaim kesehatan dan kecantikan. Mengeksploitasi kepercayaan pasien untuk kepentingan pribadi merupakan hal yang bertentangan dengan nilai-nilai etika kedokteran. Sebagian besar produk kesehatan yang ditawarkan mengklaim manfaat yang tidak terbukti secara ilmiah dan pemberiannya terkadang tidak mempertimbangkan urgensi dan relevansi dengan keadaan pasien. Oleh karena itu, sudah saatnya diperlukan ketegasan tentang etis atau tidak etisnya keterlibatan dokter dalam bisnis MLM. Selain itu, partisipasi pemerintah dalam mengawasi pemasaran produk-produk kesehatan oleh perusahaan MLM juga perlu ditingkatkan agar pelanggaran yang terjadi dapat segera ditindaklanjuti.
KIRSAL TURİZM BÖLGELERİNDEKİ RESTORANLARA YÖNELİK ÇEVRİMİÇİ MÜŞTERİ DEĞERLENDİRMELERİNİN ANALİZİ: EĞİRDİR ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: ÇUHADAR Murat , GÜNEY Öykü İmge
Published: June 2018

Günümüzde, dünya genelinde 4 milyarı aşkın kişi
internet kullanıcısı durumundadır. Son yıllarda, akıllı telefonlar ve mobil
iletişim cihazları ile kullanıcı sayısı günden güne artan internet erişimi
sayesinde, internet ortamında destinasyon, işletme veya hizmetler hakkında
yapılan çevrimiçi değerlendirmeler, potansiyel tüketicilerin satın alma
kararları üzerinde etkili olmaya başlamıştır. TripAdvisor ve benzeri internet
tabanlı uygulama ve web siteleri, ziyaretçilerin gittikleri mekân ve
işletmelerde yaşadıkları deneyimleri, diğer insanlar ile paylaşmalarına olanak
sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, bir kırsal turizm çekim merkezi olan
Eğirdir ilçesinde faaliyet gösteren ve TripAdvisor web platformunda yer alan üç
farklı balık restoranına yönelik çevrimiçi müşteri değerlendirmeleri analiz
edilmiştir. Verilerin analizi, frekans analizi, tek faktörlü ANOVA, Levene, ve
Tukey’s Post Hoc testleri ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada, çevrimiçi
müşteri değerlendirmeleri ile işletme, cinsiyet ve fiyat aralığı arasındaki farklılıkları
inceleyen hipotezler test edilmiştir. Analizlerden elde edilen bulgulara göre;
Eğirdir ilçesinde faaliyet gösteren balık restoranı işletmeleri ile çevrimiçi
müşteri puanlamaları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılığın olduğu
tespit edilmiştir. Buna karşılık, cinsiyet ve işletmelerin uyguladığı fiyat
aralığı ile çevrimiçi müşteri puanlamaları arasında istatistiksel olarak
anlamlı bir farkın olmadığı görülmüştür.
Os significados e funcionalidades da comunicação por gestos no exercício da atividade policial militar
Authors: Hamada Hélio Hiroshi
Published: June 2018

O estudo dos gestos vem adquirindo importância na medida em que é relacionado á cognição humana e á  comunicação não verbal. O objetivo da presente discussão é de buscar a aplicação os conceitos dos gestos para o exercício da atividade do profissional de segurança pública. A investigação foi de natureza exploratória, de modo a proporcionar maior familiaridade com o tema, utilizando-se de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental como procedimento técnico de coleta de dados. Como resultado das análises, observou-se que a utilização da comunicação por gestos possui dimensões que se amoldam aos preceitos teóricos da formulação de significados simbólicos e de aprendizado cognitivo, o que possibilita práticas e interações no cotidiano policial militar. Conclui-se que tais análises podem servir de referência para a ampliação de estudos na área perante aspectos teóricos e práticos e com utilidade no aperfeiçoamento de técnicas policiais a partir dos conceitos explorados.
Carcereiro e educador: assim se formou o agente penitenciário entre 2013 e 2015 em Rondônia.
Authors: Negreiros Cláudio Lopes
Published: June 2018

Objetiva o presente Trabalho de conclusão de curso externar a concepção da atuação do agente penitenciário, sob a perspectiva de sua formação enquanto partícipe em curso de formação básica, que por sua vez constitui etapa de concurso público para ingresso na carreira de Agente Penitenciário.  A peça é produto da análise empírica do autor, à luz da discussão antropológica, entre outras diversas vertentes de orientação, propostas no curso de especialização em segurança pública e direitos humanos. O estudo vislumbra analisar e opinar esmiuçadamente acerca da formação do servidor do sistema penitenciário e como se desenrola a dinâmica de seu trabalho frente às perspectivas estatal - visto que é o Estado que gere a questão carcerária -, social e, sobretudo pessoal, posto que se pretende compreender como o profissional agente penitenciário, em particular o formado entre 2013 e 2015, se enxerga após ser habilitado pelo Estado nos CFBs. Deste modo, pretende-se entender a importância do Agente Penitenciário dentro do processo de reinserção social do indivíduo privado de liberdade – de forma melhorada? -, que é a proposta que Estado apresenta à sociedade, frente ao papel de guarda e vigilância que, de fato, são executados pelos agentes públicos. Assim, outro ponto também observado é a evolução da pena enquanto punição e as ferramentas do Estado nessa função e, até que ponto se utiliza do servidor público nessa incumbência, o que em confronto com a proposta mencionada na oração anterior, nos suscita questionamentos, tais como: “É possível a reinserção no modelo hoje adotado?”, “Como se auto avalia o Agente Penitenciário: Carcereiro ou ressocializador?”, “Quem encarcera consegue reeducar?”, entre outros tantos. Por fim, não configura como proposta neste estudo, uma discussão política sobre a questão prisional, todavia, pretende-se abordar a figura do agente penitenciário como integrante factual da segurança pública, moldado pelo Estado para exercer esse mister, porém tendo suas atribuições atravessadas por de modo a possuir conflitos de identidade, frente à omissão do próprio Estado no que concerne a problemática carcerária.
Policiamento escolar: o trabalho policial em Goiânia-GO
Authors: Da Costa Leon Denis
Published: June 2018

Este estudo examinou o trabalho policial realizado pelo Batalhão Escolar da Polícia Militar de Goiás. Atividade de prevenção que visa ao atendimento da comunidade escolar com intervenção em situações de violência e infrações penais no interior e nas imediações das escolas estaduais da cidade de Goiânia. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida por meio da aplicação de questionário com questõesabertas sobre as atividades de patrulhamento escolar aos policiais militares e também por meio da observação participante, no período de agosto de 2016 a março do ano de 2017. Os resultados apontam para uma desmistifcação do trabalho policial enquanto uma atividade prioritária de aplicação da lei. No caso do policiamento escolar em Goiânia, as ações são direcionadas muito mais para a prevenção que a repressão. Proporcionalmente, a incidência de emergências não criminais é maior de a ocorrência de emergências criminais. Os policiais já possuem práticas e experiências consolidadas no patrulhamento escolar, porém não existe a normatização desses procedimentos de condutas operacionais, os quais expressam um capital profssional que pode ser expandido como práticas aprimoradas para outras unidades policiais.
A implementação de corregedorias regionalizadas para ampliar a correção na Polícia Militar do Estado de Goiás
Authors: Faria Júnior Hélio
Published: June 2018

O artigo estuda a atividade correcional na Polícia Militar do Estado de Goiás (PMGO), com foco na descentralização em unidades regionalizadas, visando ampliar a efetividade dessa atividade. Inicialmente, conceitua a atividade correcional, situando-a no ordenamento jurídico e apresentando estudos já produzidos sobre o tema. Além da pesquisa bibliográfica, um questionário foi respondido por oficiais da PMGO, e foram realizadas entrevistas com os oficiais plantonistas do Comando de Correições e Disciplina da PMGO. Foram encontradas deficiências no interior do Estado, como ausência de efetivo exclusivo para a função correcional, estrutura inexistente ou inadequada e baixo número de policiais com conhecimento jurídico e específico na área, logo a regionalização da corregedoria seria capaz de resolver algumas dessas deficiências, inclusive facilitaria o acesso da comunidade local ao órgão correcional, aumentando a credibilidade nessa atividade. Portanto, a implementação de corregedorias regionalizadas é uma necessidade institucional, para a preservação de seus valores e maior credibilidade da instituição e da atividade perante a comunidade.
O serviço de interesse militar voluntário estadual e a possibilidade de emprego dos seus integrantes na Segurança Pública do Estado de Goiás
Authors: Dourado Ricardo Junqueira
Published: June 2018

Por meio de grande esforço para amenizar o problema da falta de efetivo na Polícia Militar do Estado de Goiás e no Corpo de Bombeiros Militar, o governo estadual, em 27 de dezembro de 2012, publicou a Lei Estadual nº 17.882/2012, que instituiu o Serviço de Interesse Militar Voluntário Estadual (SIMVE) nestas instituições. Após a criação do programa referido, vários jovens reservistas ou em situação de atividade nas Forças Armadas deixaram estas corporações para ingressarem na PMGO. De acordo com a lei referida, o candidato ao Serviço Voluntário pode ingressar na Polícia Militar, com processo seletivo diferenciado, desde que seja egresso das Forças Armadas, tenha idade mínima de 19 anos e resida no Estado de Goiás. A partir da edição da lei estadual mencionada, muita discussão veio á tona, especialmente num momento em que havia concurso público em andamento para os cargos efetivos nos quadros da PMGO. Dessa forma, este trabalho aborda a criação do Programa SIMVE, sua finalidade, forma de ingresso, direitos e deveres dos integrantes, as discussões que surgiram após sua instituição, o momento enfrentado pelas corporações militares estaduais e a possibilidade de emprego de seus agentes nessas corporações. Para tanto, o procedimento adotado foi a utilização do método dedutivo e de pesquisa bibliográfica em doutrina e jurisprudência, observando sempre as normas constitucionais, sendo que o resultado obtido foi a inconstitucionalidade da Lei Estadual nº 17.882/2012 e a conclusão foi de que os Servidores Voluntários não podem ser empregados na Segurança Pública estadual.
A implementação da interceptação telefônica na corregedoria da Polícia Militar do Estado de Goiás
Authors: Ferreira Jayderson Adriano de Sousa
Published: June 2018

O artigo analisa a viabilidade jurídica da implementação da interceptação telefônica na Corregedoria da Polícia Militar do Estado de Goiás, pois por determinação constitucional cabe a polícia judiciária militar a competência para apuração dos crimes militares com o desígnio de oferecer os elementos necessários á propositura da ação penal pelo Ministério Público castrense. Na realização deste trabalho foi utilizado o método indutivo e pesquisa bibliográfica que consiste na citação de doutrinas, jurisprudências e legislação pátria, e ainda foi aplicado questionário a oficias da Polícia Militar lotados na Corregedoria da PMGO. Durante a pesquisa foi constatado que a PMGO não faz representação a Justiça Militar Estadual solicitando interceptação telefônica em seus inquéritos apesar da viabilidade jurídica na apuração de crimes militares complexos. Por fim, verificou-se a importância e a viabilidade jurídica da efetivação da interceptação telefônica como meio eficaz na produção de provas qualificadas na apuração de crimes militares complexos pela Corregedoria da Polícia Militar do Estado de Goiás nos casos em que os meios comuns para obtenção de provas não forem suficientes para a comprovação de materialidade e autoria de crimes militares.
Geografia, lugar e cotidiano da economia do narcotráfico na periferia de Belém
Authors: Couto Aiala Colares
Published: June 2018

O narcotráfico na periferia de Belém vem se apresentando como um dos elementos estruturadores da economia urbana. Assim, o lugar e o cotidiano de bairros populares convivem com essa forte presença da economia do tráfico de drogas que confere um comportamento ordenado da população pela necessidade de domínio do território para a atividade ilícita. Este trabalho tem como objetivo proporcionar uma reflexão acerca da organização espaço-territorial da economia do narcotráfico em um bairro periférico de Belém que influencia nas formas de organização dos espaços e territórios no interior da metrópole
Hidden Progress of Multilingual Students on NAEP
Authors: Kieffer Michael J. , Thompson Karen D.
Published: June 2018

Using National Assessment of Educational Progress data from 2003 to 2015, this brief describes changes in the reading and mathematics performance of multilingual students—defined as students who report a primary home language or languages other than English. Although all students’ scores improved, multilingual students’ scores improved two to three times more than monolingual students’ scores in both subjects in Grades 4 and 8. There was little evidence that these trends were explained by cohort changes in racial/ethnic, socioeconomic, or regional composition. These promising trends are obscured when researchers and policymakers focus only on scores for students currently classified as English learners.
Nursing English in Pakistan: Instructors’ Perceptions of Language Curriculum
Authors: Khalid Adeel
Published: June 2018

Nursing English in Pakistan is an important domain that comes under the ambit of ESP ‘English for Specific Purposes’. English cogitates as a lingua franca and a cornerstone for success in any field. However, in ESL/ELT it is imperative to design a course that caters to the needs of the learners. Thereby this study attempts to evaluate the existing English for Nursing Purposes curriculum of BScN Programme prescribed by HEC/PNC to corroborate its relevancy and adequacy in preparing the musing professionals for their professional English language requirements using Stufflebeam’s curriculum evaluation framework. This investigative study measures the level of existing linguistic (in)adequacy of the professional nurses pertaining to the specific roles they are required to perform so that their problematical areas could be identified systematically and subsequently reported with recommendations. A qualitative research approach has been used to measure the needs of the nurses. Tools like open-ended questionnaires and semi-structured interviews have been used to collect data from the sample sizes nursing heads and language instructors consecutively. The findings of the study divulge that the course is inadequate and yet relevant. It is recommended to review the English language curriculum considering the needs of the nurses for their work place that may improve the standards of nursing English in Pakistan.Journal of NELTA, Vol 21 No. 1-2, December 2016, page: 1-10
English as a Medium of Instruction: My Experience from a Nepali Hinterland
Authors: Khati Ashok Raj
Published: June 2018

I have observed that many public schools are adopting English as a medium of instruction (EMI) in Nepal for a decade. During my last visits to lower parts of Mt. Everest region, some school principals stated, with a great enthusiasm, that they are gradually replacing Nepali with English as the medium of instruction up to secondary level even though there is lack of research and case studies to find whether such a shift is a boon or bane. It is already the most discussed issue at both global and local educational discourses and policies. Based on my own experience, observation and theoretical knowledge, I, in this paper, make attempts to analyze the EMI situation in Nepal with reference to some questions associated with it. I also suggest that a transitional model of language education is appropriate for multilingual country like Nepal. Journal of NELTA, Vol. 21, No. 1-2, 2016, Page: 23-30
Learner Autonomy: A Western Hegemony in English Language Teaching to Enhance Students’ Learning for Non-Western Cultural Context
Authors: Pokhrel Sarmila
Published: June 2018

The paper is concerned about the concept of learner autonomy as a western hegemony in English language teaching to enhance students’ learning for non-Western cultural context. The concept of learner autonomy was developed in the Western countries creating independent and autonomous culture for learners to prepare them; learning to learn, however for it got its continuation as an innovative method to the non-Western countries of dependent culture where parents set up the cultural values and norms for children. Such practice of framing the norms for children is regarded against the cultural assumption of learner autonomy which is considered as Western hegemony for non-Western cultural context. Based on the literature and empirical evidences, the paper argues how learner autonomy as a Western hegemony in English language teaching enhances students’ learning in diverse cultural contexts of non-Western countries. With the conceptual, theoretical and practical understanding, the paper explores how learner autonomy as a Western hegemony in English language teaching enhances students’ learning for non-Western cultural context.Journal of NELTA, Vol. 21, No. 1-2, 2016, Page: 128-139
A Study of Perks-II Distribution via Bayesian Paradigm
Authors: Chaudhary A. K.
Published: June 2018

In this paper, the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method is used to estimate the parameters of Perks-II distribution based on a complete sample. The procedures are developed to perform full Bayesian analysis of the Perks-II distributions using Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation method in OpenBUGS, established software for Bayesian analysis using Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods. We have obtained the Bayes estimates of the parameters, hazard and reliability functions, and their probability intervals are also presented. We have also discussed the issue of model compatibility for the given data set. A real data set is considered for illustration under gamma sets of priors.PravahaVol. 24, No. 1, 2018,page: 1-17
Relationship among Trust, Justice and Organizational Commitment at Hospitals in Nepal
Authors: Ghimire Binod Education
Published: June 2018

The main purpose of this research is to examine the relationships among trust, justice and organizational commitment at hospitals in Nepal. The success of an organization is closely relatedto its employees’ perception of trust, and justice within the organization. This study is based on the effect of perceptions of trust in management and organizational commitment among the nurses working in different hospital at Kathmandu Valley. This study includes the design and distribution of a self-administered questionnaire to 465 nurses belonging to different hospitals working on different basic pay scales.This paper is useful to academicians and organizations to understand the level of relationship that will help them to manage the organization in accordance with its objectives. Improved treatment of organizational and developing mutual trust and understanding between management and workers lead to the organizational commitment.Pravaha Vol. 24, No. 1, 2018, Page: 31-38
Tax evasion in Nepal: An Inquiry
Authors: K.C. Jit Bahadur
Published: June 2018

Purpose: This article analyses the degree of relationship between tax evasion, total tax revenue and economic growth in Nepal.Methodology: This empirical study adopts secondary data from various journals, books, reports, booklets, and the websites in order to obtain objective results between the research variables (i.e., tax evasion, total tax revenue and economic growth) applying both research tools of correlation and linear regression analysis.Findings: The study found an inverse relationship between the variables (i.e., tax evasion and total tax revenue (-0.678) and tax evasion and economic growth (-0.666)) under correlation analysis. Similarly, it found negative influence of the tax evasion on total tax revenue and economic growth under the regression analysis. The examination of the influence of tax evasion on the total tax revenue showed that, other elements of the taxes kept constant, an increase in tax evasion by 1 unit led to a decrease in value of tax revenue by 34.037. In the same way, study of the influence of the tax evasion on the economic growth (at current price) showed that, other things being constant, an increase in tax evasion by 1 unit led to a decrease in the economic growth by the value of 147.440. Thus, tax evasion has an inverse relationship with economic growth, and tax revenue.Originality: This paper provides an explicit new result on association and influence between and on the research variables (i.e., tax evasion between and on the total tax and economic growth) in Nepal for the duration of 9 years. Thus, this study furnishes the new knowledge in the literature of the research variables. Pravaha Vol. 24, No. 1, 2018, page: 83-95
Risk and Return Analysis of Commercial Banks of Nepal (with reference to NABIL and NIBL)
Authors: Kandel Laxman Raj
Published: June 2018

This paper analyze the risk and return on common stock investment of Nepalese stock market and it is focused on common stock of two commercial banks listed in Nepal stock exchange Limited. Investors have varying perception towards risk and enterprising activities. They invest in those opportunities which have certain degree of risk associated with it. This research study found that there is a positive relationship between risk and return. Most of the investors are risk averter. It suggest to construct appropriate portfolio instead of investment in a single security which would be able to reduce unsystematic or diversifiable risk. The secondary data which was collected from NEPSE website (www.nepalstock.com), previous studies, NRB publications and publication of selected commercial banks, website of security board of Nepal (SEBO), Journals and internet. Both quantitative and qualitative analysis has been analyzed by using scientific methods. After the analysis of risk and return of sample bank and based on the past data of their last five fiscal years i.e. (FY-2012/13 to FY-2016/17), it is concluded that all the commercial banks are very much risky with fluctuated rate of return. From the findings of beta coefficient of each sample bank, the C.S. of NABIL is seems very much volatile than NIBL stock. It was also found that both selected bank have a high proportion of unsystematic risk.Pravaha Vol. 24, No. 1, 2018, Page: 109-119
Management Praxis at Nepalese Manufacturing and Non-Manufacturing Firms
Authors: Bhattarai Raj Kumar
Published: June 2018

This paper ascertains management praxis at Nepalese manufacturing and non-manufacturing firms that are shaping the firms’ decisions and actions in due course of their managerial process activities. In-depth interviews with selected executives from among the respondents and discourse analysis thereof indicate a varied form of managerial practices. The discourse in the areas of organizational change and management praxis concentrated on the adaptation to their environment. It focuses on the role of executives, culture, environmental change, organizational and business legacy in consideration of discontinuity, innovation and social adaptation. Chisquare test of independence and Kendall’s tau-b have been instrumental in interpretation of the associations and relationships of the principal actors of change makers in organizations and businesses. Pravaha Vol. 24, No. 1, 2018, Page: 159-174
Point-of-Purchase Labels and Reward Cards Improve Sales of Healthy Foods in University Dining Halls
Authors: Biden Catherine R. , Matthews June I. , Laframboise Natalie A. , Zok Anne , Dworatzek Paula D. N. , Seabrook Jamie A.
Published: June 2018

Purpose: To compare sales of Food Resources and Education for Student Health (FRESH) Approved versus non-FRESH Approved menu cycle items pre- and postimplementation of the FRESH program.

Methods: Sales data from 2011–2015 of FRESH Approved versus non-FRESH Approved menu items were analyzed. Fruit and milk items sold, net sales, and the cost of free fruit and milk redeemed through the FRESH Reward Card (FRC) program, were also analyzed.

Results: FRESH Approved items sold more often than non-FRESH Approved items in the latter 2 years (P = 0.01). Prices of FRESH Approved menu items were significantly lower than non-FRESH Approved items for all years (e.g., $1.52 ± $0.94 vs $2.21 ± $1.02 per serving in 2014–2015; P < 0.001). Across all FRESH implementation years, FRESH Approved menu items were found more often on the 6-week menu (P < 0.05). The number of fruit items sold increased from a baseline of 143 052 to 170 954, and net sales increased from $135 450 to $154 248 after 3 years of the FRC implementation.

Conclusions: FRESH Approved items were less expensive, available more often, and had higher sales. The FRC increased net fruit sales despite the cost of free fruit. Highlighting and reducing the cost of healthy foods are promising practices to improve campus food environments.
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy: model, data, and extension to the prevention of suicide
Authors: Hayes Steven C. , Pistorello Jacqueline , Biglan Anthony
Published: June 2018

The present article briefly describes ACT, its underlying model, and the evidence in support of its efficacy. In order to provide an example of how to extend ACT to new problems, the paper then extends ACT thinking to the prevention of suicide and suicidality. ACT, both its model and applied techniques, appears to be supported by the evidence, suggesting that further extensions are warranted.
Análise exploratória do comportamento verbal interpretativo de uma cliente adulta no contexto clínico
Authors: Santos Joene Vieira , Canaan Silvia
Published: June 2018

Considerando que uma das principais metas da terapia é favorecer o autoconhecimento do cliente, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as respostas verbais de uma cliente categorizadas como “interpretativas” no contexto clínico de acordo com as definições de um estudo anterior. O método consistiu na análise e classificação de 14 sessões terapêuticas. Os resultados mostraram a ocorrência das seguintes categorias no repertório verbal da cliente: Informação, Investigação, Interpretação e Conseqüenciação. Verificou-se ainda que: a) interpretações ocorreram em 74,88% dos episódios verbais; b) a cliente interpretou com a função de explicar algo em 78,00% do total de interpretações e c) a cliente focalizou seu próprio comportamento em 73,20% das interpretações. Tais resultados parecem confirmar a hipótese de que o setting terapêutico é um ambiente que favorece a emissão de interpretações, contribuindo para o autoconhecimento do cliente.
Equivalência de estímulos e uso de jogos para ensinar leitura e escrita
Authors: Sudo Camila Harumi , Soares Paulo Guerra , Souza Silvia Regina de , Haydu Verônica Bender
Published: June 2018

O estudo investigou se crianças que apresentaram erros de escrita de dissílabos simples aprenderiam a escrever corretamente por meio de jogos, que ensinassem relações entre palavra impressa/CRMTS, palavra impressa/figura, figura/CRMTS, palavra impressa/escrita manuscrita, palavra falada/figura, palavra impressa/palavra falada. Participaram três crianças com idade entre 6 e 8 anos. Inicialmente, realizou-se um ditado de 33 palavras, a partir do qual foram selecionadas, dentre as incorretamente escritas, 8 palavras para o treino. A intervenção consistiu de três jogos: tabuleiro, memória e cópia no quadro de giz. No final, realizou-se um ditado com as 8 palavras de treino e 10 de generalização. Os três participantes apresentaram aumento no número de palavras e sílabas de treino corretamente escritas e, com exceção de uma delas, também nas de generalização. Verificou-se que foi possível ensinar as relações condicionais programadas e que os jogos contribuíram para melhorar a escrita dos participantes. Discute-se a necessidade de futuras investigações.
Incluindo dados fisiológicos na ciência do comportamento: uma análise crítica
Authors: Elcoro Mirari
Published: June 2018

A posição dos analistas do comportamento sobre a inclusão de dados fisiológicos na análise do comportamento varia. David Schaal, um analista do comportamento contemporâneo, apontou vantagens de tal inclusão para a análise do comportamento em quatro pontos: (a) identificação de mecanismos de retenção do condicionamento operante; (b) a fisiologia dá explicações quando as descrições não são suficientes; (c) elucidação de mecanismos celular e neural de reforçamento e (d) caracterização de alterações degenerativas no cérebro. O presente artigo proporciona discussões futuras desses pontos se eles realmente representam uma vantagem `a análise do comportamento. É argumentado e exemplificado que a análise do comportamento e a neurociência não são multuamente exclusivas. Por fim, as condições sob as quais a inclusão de dados fisiológicos na análise do comportamento representa uma vantagem à área são delineadas.