bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of the period of year on the chemical composition and digestibility of pasture and fodder selected by goats in caatinga
Authors: SILVA Messias José dos Santos , SILVA Dulciene Karla de Andrade , MAGALHÃES André Luiz Rodrigues , PEREIRA Kedes Paulo , SILVA Érica Carla Lopes da , CORDEIRO Fábia Simone Bezerra , NORONHA Claudia Tenório de , SANTOS Kelly Cristina dos
Published: October 2017

SUMMARY This study aimed to verify the influence of months on chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of pasture and forage selected by goats in the semiarid region of Brazil’s Pernambuco state. Six male goats fistulated in the rumen were used in a completely randomized design. Forage collection was conducted in herbaceous and shrub/tree layers, in order to simulate goat grazing, and materials were separated into leaves and branches. Extrusa and pasture collections were held in November, January and February/March. There was collection month (P <0.05) effect for pasture on dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), with average values of 458.27g/kg NM and 155.46, 521.30 and 390.13g/kg DM, respectively. For the stem (P <0.05) for DM, Organic matter (OM), mineral matter (MM), ethereal stratum (EE), ADF, acid detergent unavailable protein (AIP), total carbohydrates (TCHO) and dry matter in vitro digestibility (DMIVD), with average values of 487.47g/kg NM and 930.80, 69.07, 20.67, 440.30 and 63.78g/kg DM, respectively. About the extrusa, there was collection time effect (P <0.05) on the DM, OM, MM, CP, EE, AIP, TCHO, Non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFC) and DMIVD, with average values of 84.53g/kg DM, 863.03, 136.97, 152.90, 33.60, 14.07, 676.37 and 55.35g/kg DM, respectively. Rainfall changes in the rainy season in the caatinga altered pasture quality, causing changes in the diet selected by goats, mainly in DM, CP, CNF and DMIVD.
Accuracy of two hand-held electronic devices for determination of blood β-hydroxybutyrate in dairy cows
Authors: FIORENTIN Eliana , TIECHER Anderson , MENEGAT Cristina , SOARES Clarice , AIRES Adelina , ROCHA Ricardo , GONZALEZ Felix Hilario Diaz
Published: October 2017

SUMMARY The cowside determination of blood β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) is an important tool for diagnosing subclinical ketosis in dairy cattle. Portable methods to measure BHB have been introduced in the past years. This study evaluated the accuracy of two hand-held electronic devices for blood determination of BHB in dairy cows at early postpartum. A total of 98 blood samples were collected from dairy cows in the first month of lactation and tested with FreeStyle Optium (FSO, Abbott) and KetoVet (KVE, TaiDoc) portable devices according to the manufacturer instructions. Spectrophotometric BHB analysis (Ranbut, Randox) was used as standard method. The incidence of subclinical ketosis was 37.7 % determined by the standard method, 40.8 % determined by the FSO system and 42.8 % detected with the KVE system. The sensitivity and specificity indexes were 88.1% and 98.4% for FSO and 78.7% and 92.4% for KVE, respectively. The Pearson´s correlation coefficients comparing the portable devices to the standard technique were 0.96 for FSO and 0.93 for KVE. No significant difference in BHB values was found between the two portable tests and the standard method. Predictive values (PV) were better using FSO (positive PV 97.3 %, negative PV 92.4%) than using KVE (positive PV 88.1 %, negative PV 85.9 %). Passing-Bablok regressions revealed good agreement between methods. Though FSO system had a better performance than KVE system, the results suggest that the two portable systems have good accuracy and are reliable for measuring BHB.
Apparent digestibility of wheat and coproducts in extruded diets for the Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus
Authors: VIDAL Luiz Vítor Oliveira , XAVIER Tadeu Orlandi , MOURA Lorena Batista de , MICHELATO Mariana , MARTINS Elias Nunes , FURUYA Wilson Massamitu
Published: October 2017

SUMMARY In the present study, we investigated the digestibility of wheat and its coproducts in extruded diets for juvenile Nile tilapia. Specifically, we evaluated the apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of dry matter (ADCDM), gross energy (ADCGE), crude protein (ADCCP), essential amino acids (EAAs), and non-essential amino acids (NEAAs) in winter wheat, spring wheat, wheat middling, wheat bran, and wheat germ in a diet fed Nile tilapia. A reference diet and test diets were used, with 5.0g/kg chromic oxide (Cr2O3) as the external indicator. The ADCDM, ADCCP, and ADCGE were higher (P< 0.05) in winter wheat, spring wheat, and wheat germ than for wheat middling and wheat bran. The ADCs of all amino acids (AAs) were >80%, except for threonine in wheat middling and wheat bran, exceeding 90% for winter wheat and wheat germ. The values of all investigated ingredients were high for ADCCP, and the ADCs of EAAs and NEAAs. A strong negative correlation was detected for crude fiber and ash with the ADCs of dry matter, gross energy, and crude protein. In general, wheat ingredients have good digestibility of protein and amino acids, but high fiber content reduces CDAMS and CDAEB in extruded diets for Nile tilapia.
Briefing: Network Rail Safe by Design: Buildings and Civils Working Group, UK
Authors: Williams Steve
Published: October 2017

Irrespective of what is designed, safety is an integral part of the design process. Practitioners need to understand what influences safe design, look at hazards and then adapt their processes, and more importantly their behaviours, to make it instinctive. Design must consider safety over the whole project life cycle, from inception to development, implementation, commissioning, operation and maintenance, eventual decommissioning and disposal. The Network Rail Safe by Design (SbD) initiative is a railway system-led response to these challenges. SbD principles actively eliminate or reduce risk during design development for construction and maintenance activities and ensure that remaining risks are effectively communicated. This paper gives the reader an insight into how Network Rail and its supply chain are working together collaboratively to improve the safety of the railway in the UK, using design methods and aids.
Development of a numerical model for simulating bed-level changes in front of a sea wall
Authors: Ansari Masha , Lashteh Neshaei Mir Ahmad , Mehrdad Mir Abdolhamid
Published: October 2017

Anticipating the trend of seabed changes and scouring phenomena is one of the most important issues in coastal engineering, and several numerical models have already been presented to simulate coastal seabed evolutions and estimate the depth of scouring in front of coastal structures. The sea wall as a reflective structure plays an important role in protecting the coast, and how the presence or absence of these structures influences the sediment transport rate and consequently seabed changes should be studied more carefully. In this study, bed-profile changes and the potential for scouring were calculated by a numerical model at different locations in the vicinity of a sea wall. Unlike previous models in which the velocity of sediment particles was assumed to be equal to the velocity of water particles, a more detailed process was considered here to calculate the velocity of water and sediment particles. Finally, it became clear that using the sediment transport coefficient parameter did not significantly improve the seabed changes that were predicted by the modified model in the present study. This achievement shows the rationality of considering the velocity of sediment particles as being equal to the velocity of water particles in predicting seabed changes.
Daniel y el liderazgo cristiano en la función pública: Una introducción
Authors: E. Celano Lionel
Published: October 2017

La participación cristiana en la política ha sido un tema muy debatido en el centro del discurso cristiano durante siglos. A muchos creyentes se les enseña que los cristianos no deben buscar el compromiso en el ámbito político porque “la fe y la política no se mezclan”. Sin embargo, la pregunta que emana de este debate es la siguiente: ¿Cómo deberían los cristianos ver la política? ¿Un cristiano puede involucrarse en la política? El presente artículo expondrá brevemente las circunstancias que convergieron para que Daniel llegara a desempeñarse en la función pública. Luego, realizará una aproximación a los eventos de la vida de Daniel relacionados a sus labores administrativas. Finalmente, se establecerán parámetros de conducta aplicables a la experiencia actual de un cristiano que se desempeña en la función pública.
Identificación de cianobacterias de la laguna “La Mansión” en una universidad privada confesional
Authors: Echevarria Mendoza Maycol Owen , Roman Medrano Maria Alejandra , Ruíz Díaz Ginnie Estephany , Tito Tolentino Gina
Published: October 2017

El objetivo de este artículo es identificar los géneros de cianobacterias presentes en la laguna “La mansión” y su impacto en el ecosistema local. En este contexto, las cianobacterias tienen gran influencia, puesto que son base de esta cadena y fijan nitrógeno, a su vez, liberan grandes cantidades de oxígeno al ecosistema acuático. Ésta laguna, tiene un área de 3499 m2, y amerita realizar una segmentación en 8 sectores estratégicos para poder identificarlas, además, se colocaron mallas estándar de 40 cm2, las cuales capturaron todas las partículas suspendidas en el agua, entre ellas, las cianobacterias. A través de botellas de 225 ml fueron trasladadas al laboratorio para ser observadas en el microscopio. Los resultados más importantes fueron la detección de 6 especies de cianobacterias, siendo la principal y más abundante la anabaena, quien se encarga en mayor escala de fijar nitrógeno y producir oxígeno frente a los demás géneros, sin embargo, el crecimiento de ésta es acelerado, lo que conllevaría en el futuro a tener un problema de eutrofización. Por lo tanto, se concluye que las cianobacterias encontradas podrían incrementar su población ocasionando muerte acuática y alterando el ecosistema en caso de no controlar los inicios del proceso eutrófico.
Determinación geomorfológica de Choccoconniri – Puno
Authors: Poma Porras Alan Orlando , Roman Medrano Maria Alejandra , Zegarra López Zabdi Magdalena , Madrigal Perez Glen Bryan
Published: October 2017

El objetivo esta investigación es determinar la geomorfología de Choccocconiri para mostrar relaciones existentes entre los procesos de cambio de esta, además la influencia climática en la modificación del relieve. La metodología empleada fue la observación panorámica con el dron Phanton 4 pro que hizo tomas con una altura de 50 metros y mediante imágenes satelitales, también la observación compuesta que consistió en recorridos por sectores para registrar de cerca características del territorio. La geomorfología registrada en Choccocconiri es consecuencia de los grandes eventos formadores de relieve ocurridos en el departamento de Puno, asociados a eventos tectónicos, transporte y depósito de material litológico así mismo a las modificaciones biológicas y climáticas, se observó gran variedad de geoformas y que son parte de diferentes geopaisajes, que están influenciados por la erosión eólica, acción fluvial y procesos de disolución química. En chocco el perfil edáfico es poco profundo con tres notables capas el primero de origen glaciar aluvial y en Cconiri es origen eólico fluvial y horizonte cálcico. La percepción de la población a través de bioindicadores como aves emigrantes y disminución del caudal de agua es que se están dando cambios notables en su comunidad. En conclusión, se encontró una geomorfología atractiva paisajísticamente, además, Estos procesos son todavía activos en rocas blandas, en la que los escarpes actuales están bien desarrollados. geoformas y piedras laja que son recursos geológicos de gran valor para la comunidad que permitirán, con un buen manejo, el desarrollo de la misma a través del ecoturismo.
Culture of bone marrow stromal cells and mesenchymal stem cells v1
Authors: Tsuru Michiyo
Published: October 2017

A bone marrow aspirate was obtained from equine ilium, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were separated from the aspirate by density-gradient centrifugation (Ficoll-Hypaque gradient centrifugation) (GE Healthcare, Pittsburgh, PA, USA) and further cultured.
ANALYSIS PROGRAM OF THE SUBJECT “ENVIRONMENT” FOR THE SCHOOL AND ENSURE ITS MAPS
Authors: Nizhynska Y.
Published: October 2017

Analyzed and studied the structure and content of the curriculum of the course “Ecology” for the school. In the course curriculum is “Ecology” divided by academic level to 11th grade profile and 10-11. Details were discussed program for 11th grade. This course is designed for 17 hours (0.5 hours weekly load of 11 class) and includes 8 related topics. Researched work of many scientists concerned with school mapping, such as: Ostrouh V. I, Radchenko V. V, Datsenko L. M, Shevchenko V. A, Peresalko V.A, Kapustenko S. V. The basic principles of school education cartographic works: their specificity, outlined the main differences from other basic requirements and criteria, including such as the card should not be overloaded, the map is a source of information highlights school course, all data must be current, card must meet sanitation m pronunciation. Cartographic work for the school included lists of typical training-visual aids and educational equipment for schools. There are a number of atlases that can be used for educational purposes in schools, both at regional level and at the state. Considered and studied major environmental atlases Ukraine, including eco-Geografical Atlas (published in “Varta”), Atlas of the Environment (“Ranok”) and certain regions: Environmental Atlas of Lviv, Kharkiv region, Dnipropetrovsk region, Luhansk, Poltava and the basin of the Southern Bug).
Poder Local, Participação Popular e Clientelismo / Local Power, Popular Participation and Clientelism
Authors: Santin Janaína Rigo , Favretto Mariane
Published: October 2017

ResumoO artigo traz em questão a valorização do poder local como campo para a tomada de decisões políticas eficientes, em um tempo em que os governos atuais necessitam estar atentos ao desenvolvimento social. Ressalta-se o tratamento dado ao Município pela Constituição Federal de 1988, que o elevou à categoria de ente federado, o que tornou promissora a possibilidade de uma gestão compartilhada entre poder público e sociedade civil em âmbito local. Entretanto, o clientelismo é um problema político e social a ser enfrentado no país e que só poderá ter alguns de seus efeitos superados mediante aumento da accountability social e da participação por meio de iniciativas locais. Procura-se assim, analisar a democratização promovida pela lógica local, em que as decisões públicas ocorrem de forma descentralizada e mais próximas da população, como controladora das práticas clientelistas. O estudo justifica-se pelo imperativo de respostas céleres e eficazes às necessidades mais elementares da sociedade, sendo que a gestão local tende a ser o meio ideal para atender às demandas sociais. AbstractThe paper brings into question the appreciation of the local government as a field for making effective policy decisions at a time when the current governments need to be aware of the social development. It is noteworthy the treatment given to the municipality by the 1988 Constitution has raised to federal entity, which made it even more promising the possibility of a shared management between political society and civil society at the local level. However, patronage is still a political and social problem facing the country and overcome with increased accountability and increased performance of regulatory agencies, particularly social control. Wanted so seize the democratization promoted by the local logic, in which public decisions occur in a decentralized and closer to the population so, could curb this practice. The study is justified by the need for rapid and effective answers to the most basic needs of society, and the local management tends to be the ideal way to meet these demands. Keywords: Patronage; Municipality; Popular participation; Local power.
Brasilian Mystic Market
Authors: Pfeffer Renato Somberg
Published: October 2017

A FEIRA MÍSTICA BRASILEIRA

Resumo: o sincretismo religioso da feira mística brasileira é marcado pela fusão de cultos. Esta feira não está imune ao comércio com o transcendente, típico da pós-modernidade, mas se faz com as cores do país: é um comércio sem culpa, sem medo de sanção, público e festivo. O presente artigo pretende discutir o processo de interação, convivência e fusão dessas expressões religiosas.

Palavras-chave: Brasil. Feira mística. Religião. Sincretismo.

Abstract: syncretism religious of mystic Brazilian market is featured by the fusion of cults. This fair is not immune to trade with the transcendent, typical of post- modernity, but is made with the colors of the country: it’s trade without guilt, without fear of sanction, it’s public and festive. This article discusses the process of interaction, coexistence and fusion of these religious expressions.

Keywords: Brazil. Mystic Market. Religion. Syncretism.
Physics And Spiritist Communication
Authors: Borges Antônio Newton
Published: October 2017

A FÍSICA E A COMUNICAÇÃO ESPÍRITA

Resumo: quando sentimos e pensamos1, estamos emitindo um fluxo de energia constituído de ondas, de um plasma tênue, altamente eletrizado e de um feixe de fótons. Neste fluxo de energia, as ondas são as responsáveis pela sintonia psíquica, os fótons são originários das vibrações dos constituintes atômicos - núcleos e elétrons e podem alterar o campo espiritual. O plasma possui uma plasticidade ilimitada e é o agente causal das correntes elétricas mentais, que dão origem aos fenômenos da indução mental e da magnetização do corpo espiritual.

Palavras-chave: Fluxo, Energia, Ondas, Fótons, Elétrons, Magnetização, Espírito.

Abstract: When we feel and think, we are emitting a flux of energy consisting of waves, a thin, highly electrified plasma, and a beam of photons. In this flow of energy, waves are responsible for psychic attunement and the photons originated from the vibrations of atomic constituents, nucleis and electrons, can modify the spiritual field. Plasma has an unlimited plasticity and is the causal agent of the mental electric currents, which give rise to the phenomena of mental induction and magnetization of the spiritual body

Keywords: Flow, Energy, Waves, Photons, Electrons, Nucleis, Magnetization, Spirit.
The Heretic As Homo Sacer
Authors: Gonçalves José Mário
Published: October 2017

O HEREGE COMO HOMO SACER

Resumo: o artigo analisa a condição do herege, conforme é definida pelos escritores cristãos antigos, em especial Agostinho de Hipona (354-430), à luz da figura do homo sacer, insacrificável e matável, a “vida que não merece ser vivida” como apresentada na obra de Giorgo Agamben.

Palavras-chave: Herege. Homo Sacer. Agostinho De Hipona. Giorgio Agamben.

Abstract: the paper discusses the condition of heretic, as defined by the ancient Christian writers, mainly Augustine of Hippo (354-430), in the light of the figure of homo sacer, which cannot be sacrificed and yet may be killed, “a life that does not deserve to be lived” as presented in the Giorgo Agamben’s work.

Keywords: Heretic. Homo Sacer. Augustine of Hippo. Giorgio Agamben
QUÉ SE SABE DEL NUEVO TESTAMENTO DESDE LAS CIENCIAS SOCIALES
Authors: Romero Luis Vicente Sepúlveda
Published: October 2017

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Mission Indians: demographic profile of the captaincy of Goiás, 1755-1835
Authors: Karasch Mary -
Published: October 2017

Este artigo é um resumo do número de índios em missões no Centro-Oeste no fim do período colonial, quando os portugueses estavam preocupados em “civilizar e cristianizar” as nações indígenas “hostis” que eles tentaram instalar nas missões Luso-Brasileiras, sem muito sucesso devido a resistência dos povos indígenas ao trabalho forçado e tratamento como escravos nas missões.

Palavras-chave: Aldeias cristãs. Jesuítas. Povos indígenas. Capitania de Goiás.

Abstract: this article is a summary of the number of mission Indians in the Center West at the end of the colonial period, when the Portuguese were preoccupied in “civilizing and Christianizing” the “hostile” indigenous nations that they tried to install in Luso-Brazilian missions without great success due to the resistance of the indigenous peoples to forced labor and treatment like slaves in the missions.

Keywords: Missions. Jesuits. Indigenous nations. Captaincy of Goiás
Ritual Speech Among Apyãwa (Tapirapé)
Authors: De Paula Eunice Dias
Published: October 2017

Resumo: o povo indígena Apyãwa (Tapirapé) apresenta um ciclo ritual complexo, sendo que cada ritual caracteriza um evento de fala nos quais os atos de fala assumem funções essenciais. A análise das falas rituais à luz da Etnossintaxe, cujos postulados afirmam que na gramática de uma língua estão presentes os valores culturais e os ideais que organizam a vida de uma determinada sociedade, mostraram que a palavra tarywa ‘alegria’, usada para definir os rituais, evidencia um estado de ânimo peculiar aos Apyãwa, normalmente alegres e bem-humorados. Ademais, os rituais aproximam os atuais Apyãwa de seus ancestrais e dos Axyga, espíritos com os quais interagem através da oferta de cantos e alimentos, buscando bem-estar social para todos.

Palavras-chave: Rituais. Eventos de Fala. Valores socioculturais. Povo Indígena Apyãwa

Abstract: The indigenous people Apyãwa (Tapirapé) present a complex ritual cycle, each ritual featuring a speech event in which the speech act takes on essential functions (Hymes, 1974, 1986). In light of Ethnosyntax (ENFIELD, 2002), which assumes that in the grammar of a language cultural values and ideals that organize the life of a given society are present, the analysis of ritual speech showed that the word tarywa, 'joy', used to define the rituals shows a state of mind peculiar to the Apyãwa who are usually cheerful and humorous. Moreover, the rituals connect the current Apyãwa to their ancestors and to the Axyga, spirits with whom they interact by offering songs and food, seeking well-being for everyone.

Keywords: Rituals. Speech event. Sociocultural values. Indigenous people Apyãwa.
"Peripheral" Indigenous Americas: Native people and Jesuits in Oiapoque and Chiquitania
Authors: Da Silva Giovani José , Nascimento Bruno Rafael Machado
Published: October 2017

AMÉRICAS INDÍGENAS “PERIFÉRICAS”: NATIVOS E JESUÍTAS EM OIAPOQUE E CHIQUITANIA

Resumo: o artigo apresenta os resultados de pesquisas sobre a presença jesuítica nas Américas, em pontos geográficos considerados pouco explorados pela historiografia colonial brasileira. Tomando-se como referências as missões do Oiapoque (fronteira Brasil/ Guyane) e da Chiquitania (fronteira Brasil/ Bolívia), empreende-se uma incursão aos mundos construídos por religiosos e nativos a partir de contatos entre os que vieram da Europa e “descobriram” um Novo Mundo e os que aqui se encontravam, os povos nativos. As “periféricas” missões jesuíticas do Oiapoque e da Chiquitania revelam, por meio de uma leitura histórico-antropológica das fontes, processos de mediação e de ressignificação, verdadeiras “metamorfoses”, ocorridos nas Américas indígenas.

Palavras-chave: Missões jesuíticas. Oiapoque. Chiquitania. Metamorfoses. América do Sul

Abstract: the article presents the results of research on the Jesuit presence in the Americas, at geographical points considered to be little explored by Brazilian colonial historiography. Taking as reference the missions of Oiapoque (Brazil / Guyane border) and Chiquitania (Brazil / Bolivia border), an incursion is made to the worlds built by religious and natives from contacts between those who came from Europe and "discovered "A New World and those who were here, the native peoples. The "peripheral" Jesuit missions of Oiapoque and Chiquitania reveal, through a historical and anthropological reading of the sources, processes of mediation and resignification, true metamorphoses, in indigenous Americas.

Keywords: Jesuit missions. Oiapoque. Chiquitania. Metamorphosis. South America.
Caracterização do comércio de plantas medicinais por raizeiros em Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte
Authors: Coelho Maria de Fatima Barbosa , Freitas Rômulo Magno Oliveira de , Oliveira Fabrícia Nascimento de , Nogueira Narjara Walessa , Leal Caio César Pereira
Published: October 2017

As plantas medicinais são, em muitos casos, a única alternativa possível para boa parte da população brasileira que as obtém geralmente do próprio quintal ou de raizeiros. O objetivo no presente estudo foi caracterizar o comércio de plantas medicinais por raizeiros em Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte. Foram usadas as técnicas de observação direta e participante e aplicadas entrevistas semiestruturadas. A comercialização de plantas e produtos medicinais é considerada a principal fonte de renda dos raizeiros entrevistados. Foram citadas 86 plantas de uso medicinais entre os raizeiros, sendo Linum usitatissimum L. (86%) a mais citada, seguida de Plectranthus barbatus L (71%), Pterodon emarginatus Vogel (71%) e Bauhinia forficata Link. (71%). As plantas são procuradas para 67 tipos de enfermidades, como anemia, artrite e vermes. A gripe e inflamação foram as doenças mais citadas. As plantas são armazenadas no próprio estabelecimento por períodos longos comprometendo sua eficácia e não são cultivadas pelos raizeiros. 

Characterization of the medicinal plant trade by healers in Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte

Abstract: Medicinal plants are, in many cases, the only possible alternative for much of the Brazilian population that usually gets the own homegarden or healers. The aim of this study was to characterize the trade of medicinal plants by healers in Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte. They were used the techniques of direct observation and participant and applied semi-structured interviews. The marketing of medicinal plants and products is considered the main source of income of healers. There were 86 medicinal plants among the raizers, with Linum usitatissimum L. (86%) being the most cited, followed by Plectranthus barbatus L. (71%), Pterodon emarginatus Vogel (71%) and Bauhinia forficata Link. (71%). Plants are sought for 67 types of diseases, from diseases such as anemia, arthritis and worms. Influenza and inflammation were the most frequently mentioned diseases. The plants are stored in the establishment for long periods compromising the effectiveness and are not cultivated by the raizeiros.
Teste de condutividade elétrica em sementes de feijão miúdo (Vigna unguiculata)
Authors: Xavier Fernanda Da Motta , Eberhartd Paulo Eduardo Rocha , Almeida Andréia Da Silva , Martins Andréa Bicca Noguez , Carvalho Ireni Leitzke , Tunes Lilian Madruga de
Published: October 2017

O feijão-miúdo (Vigna unguiculata) apresenta multiplicidade de usos, que o torna boa opção para os agricultores, podendo ser utilizado além de recuperador de solos, como forragem verde, na alimentação animal e destaque na consorciação com gramíneas de alto potencial de produção. Objetivou-se adequar o teste de condutividade elétrica para avaliação do vigor de lotes de sementes de feijão miúdo. Foram utilizados três lotes de sementes da variedade Amendoim e da variedade Mosqueado. Para avaliar a qualidade fisiológica foram conduzidos os seguintes testes: germinação, envelhecimento acelerado, massa seca de plântula, área foliar, emergência e índice de velocidade de emergência. O teste de condutividade elétrica foi realizado com 25 e 50 sementes embebidas em 75 mL e 200 mL de água destilada, a 20º C, por 2, 4, 6, 8, e 24 horas e o delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado com 4 repetições. As demais variáveis: germinação, índice de velocidade de emergência, envelhecimento acelerado, massa seca de plântulas, área foliar e emergência, não permitiram diferenciar os lotes, sendo que o teste de envelhecimento acelerado e massa seca mostraram-se contraditórios. O teste de condutividade elétrica não foi eficiente na diferenciação dos lotes analisados.

Conductivity test power in cowpea bean seeds (Vigna unguiculata)

Abstract: The cowpea bean (Vigna unguiculata) shows multiple uses, which makes it good choice for farmers and can be used in addition to soil recovery, as green fodder in animal feed and featured in intercropping with high production potential grasses. The objective of this work was to adjust the electrical conductivity test to evaluate the effect of lots of cowpea bean seeds. Three lots of seeds of two varieties mosqueado and amendoin were used.nTo evaluate the physiological quality, the following tests were conducted: germination accelerated aging, dry weight of seedling, leaf area and emergency and emergency speed index. The conductivity test was carried out with 25 and 50 seeds soaked in 75 mL and 200 mL of distilled water at 20 ° C for 2, 4, 6, 8, and 24 hours and the experimental design was completely randomized with four replications. The other variables: germination, emergence speed index, accelerated aging, seedling dry mass, leaf area and emergence did not vary between lots, and the accelerated aging test and dry mass proved to be contradictory. The electrical conductivity test was not effective in differentiating lots analyzed.
Produção de mudas de gravioleira sob métodos de superação de dormência de sementes e doses de esterco
Authors: Silva Joseano Graciliano da , Oliveira Odair Honorato de , Nobre Reginaldo Gomes
Published: October 2017

Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de diferentes métodos de superação da dormência de sementes e doses de esterco na produção de mudas de graviola (Annona muricata L.). O trabalho foi desenvolvido em casa de vegetação no Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia Agroalimentar da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande Campus Pombal. Para a superação da dormência nas sementes foram empregadas: T1 - sementes intactas, como testemunha; T2 - Escarificação no lado oposto a micrópila, com auxílio de uma lixa nº 80; T3 - Corte lateral do tegumento, com auxílio de um estilete; T4 e T5 - Imersão em ácido giberélico (GA3) durante 96 horas a 0,5 e 4,0 mg L-1, empregando quatro doses de esterco bovino (0,0; 15; 30 e 45%) em substituição ao solo. Foi usado o esquema fatorial 5 x 4 com quatro repetições de duas plantas por parcela. Os métodos pré-germinativos não diferiram quanto à emergência e mostraram-se pouco representativos quanto ao crescimento das mudas de graviola com destaque para os tratamentos usando ácido giberélico (GA3) num período de até os 60 dias após a semeadura. Doses de esterco de até 45% em substituição ao solo causam efeito negativo no crescimento das mudas de gravioleira independente do método de superação de dormência.

Production of soursop seedlings under methods of overcoming dormancy and doses of manure

Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different methods of overcoming dormancy and doses of manure in seeds and soursop (Annona muricata L.) seedlings. The work was developed in a greenhouse at the CCTA / UFCG. Four doses of bovine manure (0,0; 15; 30 and 45%) were used and to overcome dormancy were used: T1 - Intact seeds as a control; T2 - Scarification on the opposite side of the micropyle, using a nº 80 sandpaper; T3 - Side cut of the tegument, with the aid of a stylet; T4 and T5 - Immersion in gibberellic acid (GA3) for 96 hours, at 0.5 and 4.0 mg L-1, using four doses of bovine manure (0.0, 15, 30 and 45%) instead of the soil. The 5 x 4 factorial scheme was used with four replicates of two plants per plot. The pre-germination methods did not differ in the emergence and were not very representative for the growth of graviola seedlings, especially the treatments using gibberellic acid (GA3) in a period up to 60 days after sowing. Doses of manure up to 45% in substitution to the soil cause negative effect on the growth of soursop seedlings regardless of the method of overcoming dormancy.
Crescimento inicial do milho sob doses de esterco caprino e disponibilidade de água no solo
Authors: Souza Francisco Marto de , Lima Ellen Caroline Santos , Sá Francisco Vanies da Silva , Souto Lauter Silva , Araújo Jonathan Estivens Soares , Paiva Emanoela Pereira de
Published: October 2017

Objetivou-se estudar a emergência e o crescimento inicial de plantas de milho adubadas com esterco caprino sob dois regimes de disponibilidade de água no solo. O arranjo dos tratamentos constituiu um fatorial 4 x 2, correspondentes a quatro doses de esterco caprino (0, 4, 8 e 12 t ha-1) e dois níveis de água disponível de 50 e 100% da capacidade de campo, mantido após as irrigações do solo, com 8 tratamentos e quatro repetições, totalizando as 32 unidades experimentais. O ensaio foi realizado em unidades experimentais compostas por vasos de 18 dm3 de capacidade, semeando manualmente quatro sementes por vaso. As plantas foram conduzidas por 20 dias após a semeadura, sendo avaliadas quanto à emergência, o crescimento inicial e o acúmulo de massa seca. A redução de 50% de água no solo não exerce impactos negativo sobre a emergência e crescimento inicial das plantas de milho AG1051. A dose de esterco caprino de 12 t ha-1 promoveu o maior crescimento e acúmulo de massa seca das plantas de milho.

Initial growth of maize under manure goat doses and water availability in soil

Abstract: The objective was to study the emergence and initial growth of corn plants fertilized with goat manure under two water availability regimes in soil. The treatment arrangement consisted of a 4 x 2 factorial, corresponding to four doses of goat manure (0, 4, 8 and 12 t ha-1) and two levels of available water of 50 and 100% of field capacity, maintained after The soil irrigations, with 8 treatments and four replications, totalizing the 32 experimental units. The experiment was carried out in experimental units composed of pots of 18 dm3 of capacity, manually seeding four seeds per pot. The plants were conducted for 20 days after sowing, where they were evaluated for emergence, initial growth and dry mass accumulation. The reduction of 50% of water in the soil does not have a negative impact on the emergence and initial growth of AG1051 maize plants. The dose of goat manure of 12 t ha-1 promoted the highest growth and accumulation of dry mass of maize plants.
Rapid detection of infection due to Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri in experimental goats by PCR by assay
Authors: Manimaran K. , Singh V. P.
Published: October 2017

Mycoplasma causes a number of important disease viz., CBPP, CCPP, CRD, Arthritis, Contagious agalactiae and Mastitis in livestock and poultry. The conventional method of isolation and identification of the causative agents of these diseases are generally employed in conjunction with the serology which have the limitation of cross reactivity with other mycoplasma and poor growth of the organisms. To overcome these problems, the PCR assay which is rapid, sensitive and specific was used in the present study to detect the mycoplasma infection due to M.Mycoides subsp.capri directly from the tissue materials viz., lungs, lymphnodes, spleen and liver from the experimentally infected goats. All the tissue materials were subjected to PCR assay with cluster specific primers (MC 323 and MC 358), which yielded approximately 1.5 kbp long product. Further,. It was characterized by using mycoides group specific primers (MM 450 and MM 451) and Mycoplasma capri specific primers (P 4 and P 6) which gave an amplicons of 574 bp and 195 bp products, respectively. The findings indicate that the PCR assay is very simple and useful method for detecting the mycoplasma infection directly from the tissue materials in a very short span.
Molecular characterization of duck (Anas platyrynhos) Toll-like receptors, mRNA expressions profile in day-old duckling’s tissues and cytokine response to in vitro TLR agonsists stimulation
Authors: Kannaki T. R. , Verma P. C. , Reddy M. R. , Shanmugam M.
Published: October 2017

TLR repertoire of duck, profiling of their mRNA expression in a range of duckling tissues and cytokine gene expressions upon TLR agonists stimulation in in vitro assay have been investigated. All ten TLR genes orthologous to chicken TLR repertoire were found in duck. Duck TLR genes showed 77-83% similarity at amino acid level to their chicken counterparts. All ten TLRs-TLR1LA, 1LB, 2A, 2B, 3, 4, 5, 7, 15 and 21 mRNA expressions were significantly higher in bursa than other tissues studied, whereas in muscle all TLRs mRNA expressions were significantly lower except for TLR15 (P>0.01). TLR7 gene expression was significantly higher in spleen, bursa and also in lung tissues (P>0.01). The cytokine gene expression levels in duck PBMCs upon LPS and poly I:C stimulation have been quantified. IL-1g gene expression level in LPS stimulated duck PBMC culture was significantly higher at both 12 h and 24 h time intervals (P>0.05). However, there were no significant changes in IFN-ã gene expression levels in poly I:C stimulated duck PBMC culture at both the intervals. TLR gene expression in young ducklings together with cytokine response upon LPS stimulation demonstrates the innate preparedness of younger birds to encounter pathogens and their functional ability to respond to their ligands.
Effect of supplementing Aegle marmelos leaves on in vitro rumen fermentation and methanogenesis of diets varying in roughage to concentrate ratio
Authors: Sarkar Srobana , Mohini Madhu , Mondal Goutam , Pandita Sujata , Nampoothiri Vinu M. , Gautam Mayank
Published: October 2017

The present study was undertaken to observe the effect of supplementing Aegle marmelos leaves on in vitro rumen fermentation and methane production of different diets containing varied proportion of roughage (R) to concentrate (C). Aegle marmelos (Bael) leaves was supplemented at 4 levels (0, 5, 10 and 15%) to three diets having roughage (R) and concentrate (C) (wheat straw and concentrate mixture) in the ratio 70:30, 50:50 and 30:70. Inclusion of Aegle leaves at different levels showed significant rise in total gas (mL/g DM) among different diets. Similarly, Aegle marmelos leaves at the rate of 15% improved (P>0.05) the IVTDMD and IVTOMD (%) of the experimental diets. Among the VFA’s acetate concentration (mM) was significantly enhanced at 15% of Aegle marmelos supplementation. No significant effect was observed in the values of CH4 (%, mL/24h and mL/100mg DDM) and NH3-N (mg/dL) on supplementation of Aegle leaves if any of the diets. Therefore, it can be concluded from the present findings that supplementation of Aegle marmelos leaves enhances the digestibility hence it can be used to improve the nutritive value of diets.
Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms of PPP1R11 gene with conception rate in Karan Fries bull
Authors: Mumtaz Shabahat , Mukherjee Anupama , Rahim Abdul , Parveen Kaiser , Joshi Pooja , Yadav Alok Kumar , Gupta A. K.
Published: October 2017

Bull fertility is an important component of reproductive efficiency in dairy cattle. PPP1R11 is a potent candidate gene for bull fertility being involved in the pathway of spermatogenesis. Present investigation was carried out in twenty Karan Fries (KF) bull to identify SNPs of PPP1R11 gene and their association with conception rate. Genomic DNA was extracted from frozen semen straws by phenol-chloroform method. Primer pair targeted to exonic II region of PPP1R11 gene was designed using Primer 3.1 software. PCR reactions were carried out in thermal cycler after optimizing. The PCR product was checked on 1.5% horizontal agarose gel electrophoresis to verify the amplification of target region. Samples were sequenced and SNPs were identified using multiple alignment programme with respect to reference sequence and visual inspection of chromatograms. Sequencing results revealed only two SNPs [G28708846A, T28708860C] at exonic II region of PPP1R11 gene in KF bulls. Each bull was genotyped with respect to each of the two identified SNPs. Association of SNP genotype with conception rate was analyzed using least square ANOVA taking genotypes as fixed effect. The result indicated that, only one SNP [T28708860C] had significant (p>0.01) effect on conception rate. The bulls with TT genotype revealed significantly (p>0.01) highest conception rate (53.20±2.96%) followed by bulls with TC (43.12±2.39%) and the lowest in bulls with CC (34.59± 2.28%) genotypes. The results of present finding suggested that association of SNPs with conception rate after validation on large population might be useful in marker assisted selection for selection of bull with high fertility in future.
Evaluation of kepok banana corm fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Aspergillus niger as feeds
Authors: Sembiring Sabarta , Trisunuwati Pratiwi , Sjofjan Osfar , Djunaidi Irfan
Published: October 2017

This study evaluated the nutritional and tannin contents of cooked Kepok banana corm, fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Aspergillus niger. Corm meal was pretreated by steam for 1 hour at 102 0C before fermenting. The pretreated corms were inoculated with 10% (w/v) inoculum dose with additional nutrient mono-culture or co-culture. A completely randomized design with a 3 x 3 factorial arrangement was used to investigate two main factors: microbial strains and incubation time, with three subfactors each, resulting in nine treatment combinations and three replications. The microbial strain and incubation time significantly (P>0.01) affected the nutrient content of fermented Kepok banana corms. The highest dry matter content (91.84%) was achieved by incubation with S. cerevisiae for 48 h, while 89.61% organic matter was obtained by fermentation with both S. cerevisiae + A. niger for 48 h. The highest crude protein content was 5.81%, which resulted from treatment with S. cerevisiae for 96 h, increasing the crude protein by 61% compared to the control (3.58% crude protein). Fermentation by the microbe consortium (S. cerevisiae + A. niger) for 72 h, produced maximum starch (35.54 g/100 g) and energy (3511 Kcal/kg) values. Thus, the fermented products are a potential source of energy, to be used as feed ingredients.
Lipid and fatty acid profile in different tissues of wild adult female Cynoglossus gracilis Günther, 1873 in Yangtse Estuary
Authors: Song C. , Hu C. S. , Zhao F. , Zhang T. , Zhuang P.
Published: October 2017

To find out the fatty acid profile of wild female Cynoglossus gracilis in breeding stage, the fatty acid composition in three tissues (muscle, liver and ovary) were analyzed using the national standard method. The results indicated that: (1) The total lipid contents in muscle, liver and ovary were 4.30 % ± 0.82 %, 25.81 % ± 1.33 % and 32.25 % ± 5.59 %, respectively. (2) The content of SFA in the liver was significantly lower than that in muscle and ovary (P > 0.05). The content of MUFA was significantly different between tissues (P > 0.05): highest in the liver, and lowest in the ovary. Within MUFAs the fatty acid 18:1n-9c was highest, reaching 38.63 % ± 4.13 %, 44.98 % ± 3.85 % and 28.59 % ± 1.08 % in muscle, liver and ovary, respectively. PUFA, n-3PUFA, DHA, EPA and DPA were all highest in the ovary.
An Ancient Mosque In Ningbo, China “Historical And Architectural Study”
Authors: Hagras Hamada Muhammed
Published: October 2017

With the rise of Tang dynasty (618–907), Ningbo was an important commercial city on the Chinese eastern coast. Arab merchants had an important role in trade relations between China and the West. Ningbo mosque was initially built in 1003 during Northern Song period by Muslims traders who had migrated from Arab lands to settle in China. Through ongoing research of representative Muslim architecture, such as Chinese Mosques, this paper seeks to shed light on the artistic features of this mosque. Many of the key characteristics of this distinctive ethnic heritage are based on commonly held religious beliefs and on the relationship between culture and religion. This paper aims to study the characteristics of Chinese mosques architecture, through studying one of the most important planning patterns of the traditional courtyards plan Known as Siheyuan, and it will also make a practical study on Ningbo Yuehu Mosque. The result of this study shows that the Ningbo Yuehu mosque is like Chinese mosques which follows essentially the norms of Chinese planning, layout design, and wooden structures.
INVESTIGASI PEMBENTUKKAN IKATAN Zn-O RODS DI ATAS PERMUKAAN MIKROKANTILEVER DENGAN UJI KARAKTERISASI FTIR
Authors: Frestika Mia Yuliana , Mayasari Rina Dewi , Masmui Masmui , Agustanhakri Agustanhakri , Purawiardi R. Ibrahim , Yuliasari Yuliasari , Muslimin Ahmad Novi , Dani Muhammad , Budi Agus Setyo , Nuryadi Ratno
Published: October 2017

In this work, ZnO (Zinc Oxide) rods, which is a sensitive material for gas detection, are grown on a microcantilever surface by hydrothermal technique. Synthesis of ZnO rods consists of two processes, i.e., a formation of seed layer using Zinc Acetate Dihydrate by a dip-coating and a growth of the ZnO rods using Zinc-Nitrate-Tetrahydrate at a temperature 95Â°C for time variations of 2 hours, 4 hours and 6 hours. Drying condition for both seed layer and growth of ZnO rods was done at a temperature of 120 oC for 2 hours. The ZnO rods were then characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) in order to investigate the formation of Zn-O bond. The characterization results indicate that the metal oxide correlation is shown in the wavenumber spectrum of 540 cm-1 for a sample with 2-hour growth time, while the wavenumber spectrum of 548 cm-1 and 547 cm-1 for the growth time of ZnO rods for 4 hours and 6 hours. Wavenumber spectrum approximately at 540-548 cm-1 is predicted to be the absorption of the formation of a Zn-O bond.

Keyword: Microcantilever, ZnO rods, dip-coating, hydrothermal, growth time dependent.
PENGARUH SUBSTITUSI ION Ti-Zn TERHADAP SIFAT KEMAGNETAN dan SIFAT PENYERAPAN GELOMBANG ELEKTROMAGNETIK MATERIAL SISTEM BaFe12-xTix/2Znx/2O19
Authors: Nenni Nenni , Delina Mutia , Adi Wisnu Ari , Taryana Yana
Published: October 2017

Substitution of Ti+4 and Zn+2 ions on magnetic material BaFe12-xTix/2Znx/2O19 (x = 0 and 2) using the wet milling method has been performed. This research was conducted to get information the influence of Ti-Zn substitution on magnetic properties and its absorption. The magnetic material BaFe12-xTix/2Znx/2O19 is synthesized from a mixture of oxide materials, BaCO3, Fe2O3, TiO2 and ZnO. The mixture was milled for 5 hours, dried at 1000C then sintered at 10000C for 5 hours. The refinement result of the X-ray diffraction pattern shows that the sample has single phase BaFe12O19 with doping concentration of x = 0 and 2. The hysteresis curve shows that coercivity field value decreased in the sample with doping concentration of x = 2. The result of electromagnetic wave absorption shows that the substituted sample with Ti+4 and Zn+2 ions (doping concentration x = 2) has the highest absorption peak at a frequency of 11,2 GHz with reflection loss value (RL) of -24,3 dB. Electromagnetic wave absorption reaches 94% with sample thickness is about 1,0 mm. Therefore, the magnetic material BaFe12-xTix/2Znx/2O19 (x = 2) can be used for application of the electromagnetic wave absorber.

Keywords: Substitution, BaFe12-xTix/2Znx/2O19, wet milling, reflection loss, electromagnetic wave absorber.
The PENGARUH TEGANGAN TABUNG (KV) TERHADAP KUALITAS CITRA RADIOGRAFI PESAWAT SINAR-X DIGITAL RADIOGRAPHY (DR) PADA PHANTOM ABDOMEN
Authors: Sriwahyuni Sriwahyuni
Published: October 2017

The measurement of image quality ofÂ  Digital Radiography (DR) with using the abdomen phantom. Image take with low kV to high kV for 10 times exposure. Image processing is done using the image application. The resulting radiograph image is analyzed by FFT analysis, Histogram and Gaussian Filter. In the FFT analysis the radiographic image tends to differ according to the tube voltage variation of 40 kV to 85 kV. In the radiographic image histogram analysis, including the imperfect image category because the distribution of pixel distribution is not yet complete in the gray scale area for all exposure variations. In the analysis using Gaussian filters the resulting radiographic image tends to be the same so that although using low kV and high kV the image will be the same. The use of Gaussian filters can help reduce the use of high kV on abdominal examination and reduce exposure to radiation dose.

Keywords: Digital Radiography, Image Quality, Fourier Transform Filter, Gaussian Filter, Histogram.