bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mixed-mode fracture analysis of notched components - An empirical failure equation
Authors: Xiangqiao Yan
Published: January 2025

The mixed-mode failure problem of notched components remains a complex subject. On the basis of the multiaxial fatigue limit equation by Liu and Yan, in this study, an empirical failure equation to assess mixed-mode fracture of notched components is proposed. By using the test data of mixed-mode fracture failure of notched components from the literature, including the rounded-tip V-notched Brazilian disc specimens, rectangular plate specimens with a central blunt U-notch with different notch radii and notch angles, the empirical failure equation has been verified to be not only simple in computation form but also high in accuracy.
Alarmin’ lymphoid developments
Authors: Baek Amy E.
Published: January 2025

The alarmin cytokine IL-33 stimulates the formation of immune hubs within otherwise “cold” tumors.
Machine learning reveals the dynamic importance of accessory sequences for
Salmonella
outbreak clustering
Authors: Liu Chao Chun , Hsiao William W. L.
Published: January 2025

Bacterial typing at whole-genome scales is now feasible owing to decreasing costs in high-throughput sequencing and the recent advances in computation. The unprecedented resolution of whole-genome typing is achieved by genotyping the variable segments of bacterial genomes that can fluctuate significantly in gene content. However, due to the transient and hypervariable nature of many accessory elements, the value of the added resolution in outbreak investigations remains disputed. To assess the analytical value of bacterial accessory genomes in clustering epidemiologically related cases, we trained classifiers on a set of genomes collected from 24
Salmonella enterica
outbreaks of food, animal, or environmental origin. The models demonstrated high precision and recall on unseen test data with near-perfect accuracy in classifying clonal and short-term outbreaks. Annotating the genomic features important for cluster classification revealed functional enrichment of molecular fingerprints in genes involved in membrane transportation, trafficking, and carbohydrate metabolism. Importantly, we discovered polymorphisms in mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and gain/loss of MGEs to be informative in defining outbreak clusters. To quantify the ability of MGE variations to cluster outbreak clones, we devised a reference-free tree-building algorithm inspired by colored de Bruijn graphs, which enabled topological comparisons between MGE and standard typing methods. Systematic evaluation of clustering MGEs on an unseen dataset of 34
Salmonella
outbreaks yielded mixed results that exemplified the power of accessory sequence variations when core genomes of unrelated cases are insufficiently discriminatory, as well as the distortion of outbreak signals by microevolution events or the incomplete assembly of MGEs.

IMPORTANCE

Gene-by-gene typing is widely used to detect clusters of foodborne illnesses that share a common origin. It remains actively debated whether the inclusion of accessory sequences in bacterial typing schema is informative or deleterious for cluster definitions in outbreak investigations due to the potential confounding effects of horizontal gene transfer. By training machine learning models on a curated set of historical
Salmonella
outbreaks, we revealed an enriched presence of outbreak distinguishing features in a wide range of mobile genetic elements. Systematic comparison of the efficacy of clustering different accessory elements against standard sequence typing methods led to our cataloging of scenarios where accessory sequence variations were beneficial and uninformative to resolving outbreak clusters. The presented work underscores the complexity of the molecular trends in enteric outbreaks and seeks to inspire novel computational ways to exploit whole-genome sequencing data in enteric disease surveillance and management.
Inhibiting NLRP3 enhances cellular autophagy induced by outer membrane vesicles from
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Ge Jing , Cao Min , Zhang Yuyao , Wu Tianqi , Liu Jiayi , Pu Jiang , He Hongye , Guo Zhibin , Ju Shaoqing , Yu Juan
Published: January 2025

The bacterium
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
is able to invade lung epithelial cells and survive intracellularly. During this process, it secretes outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), however, it is currently unclear how OMVs from
P. aeruginosa
(PA-OMVs) affect lung epithelial cells and their impact on oxidative stress, autophagy, and other physiological activities of lung epithelial cells. In this study, we found that PA-OMVs activated oxidative stress and autophagy in cells. We demonstrated that the NLRP3 (NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3) inhibitor MCC950 can enhance autophagy induced by PA-OMVs. The main function of NLRP3 is related to the body’s immune response and inflammation regulation. MCC950 is the most common inhibitor of NLRP3. Additionally, we showed that PA-OMVs not only enhanced the expression of AMP-activated protein kinase, a key regulator of cellular energy homeostasis, and reactive oxygen species, which play a crucial role in cellular signaling and oxidative stress, but also significantly enhanced the expression of NLRP3. Inhibiting the expression of NLRP3 further enhanced the process of PA-OMVs induced autophagy. These results demonstrate that PA-OMVs activate both autophagy and the NLRP3 inflammasome, with NLRP3 suppressing autophagy to a certain extent, hoping to provide broad ideas for the future applications of PA-OMVs.

IMPORTANCE

The discovery that lung epithelial cells exposed to outer membrane vesicles from
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
(PA-OMVs) activate cellular autophagy and induce protective immunity is significant. Specifically, the addition of an NLRP3 inhibitor, MCC950, has been found to decrease NLRP3 targets while simultaneously enhancing the autophagy activity induced by PA-OMVs. This finding unveils a novel theoretical framework for the development of PA-OMVs vaccines, highlighting new targets for enhancing the body’s anti-infective responses. By elucidating the mechanisms through which PA-OMVs trigger autophagy and bolster immune defenses, this research opens avenues for innovative vaccine design strategies aimed at combatting infections effectively.
Exploring the growing phase forest musk deer (
Moschus berezovskii
) dietary energy requirements based on growth performance and gut microbiota analysis
Authors: Gong Ruiguang , Di Xiaocao , Ping Xinxin , Han Haodong , Song Bing , Wang Shuhui , Dong Xianggui , Ren Zhan Jun
Published: January 2025

The forest musk deer (FMD) farming industry is currently experiencing rapid growth, yet the dietary energy requirements for FMD remain unclear. Therefore, we explored the optimal dietary digestible energy (DE) for growing phase FMD by providing three diets with different DE levels and analyzing changes in gut microbiota. A total of 20 six-month-old FMD were used in a 62-day trial. Animals were fed either traditional feed (CON, 10.38 MJ/kg DE) or pelleted diets with low (L, 8.87 MJ/kg), medium (M, 10.38 MJ/kg), or high (H, 11.86 MJ/kg) DE levels. The results showed that feeding pelleted diets significantly reduced the incidence of diarrhea (
P
< 0.05). The average daily gain in the H group was significantly higher than in the M group, and the M group was higher than both the L and CON groups (
P
< 0.05). Additionally, the H group showed the highest nutrient digestibility and the greatest increase in body measurements (
P
< 0.05). Analysis of fecal microbiota revealed that α-diversity and the relative abundance of
Firmicutes
increased with higher dietary energy levels, while the relative abundance of
Bacteroidetes
decreased. Beneficial bacteria such as
Akkermansia
and
Lachnospira
were significantly enriched in the H group. In conclusion, our findings suggest that pelleted diets are suitable for growing phase FMD, with an optimal dietary DE level of 11.86 MJ/kg.

IMPORTANCE

This study underscores the significance of identifying the optimal dietary digestible energy (DE) for growing forest musk deer (FMD). Pelleted diets with a DE level of 11.86 MJ/kg enhanced growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and gut health, while reducing diarrhea and enriching beneficial gut bacteria, offering valuable insights for improving FMD farming practices.
Supplemental Material: Weak, frictionally unstable input sediments explain shallow seismogenesis at the north Sumatran subduction zone
Authors: Stanislowski Katja , Ikari Matt J. , al. et
Published: January 2025

Extended methods description, additional data figures, microstructural images, and description of the microstructural images. 
A meta-core outcome set for stillbirth prevention and bereavement care following stillbirth in LMIC
Authors: Dube Kushupika , Marenga Farai , Ayebare Elizabeth Ombeva , Bedwell Carol , Chaudhry Nasim , Chilinda Idesi , Chimwaza Angela , Devane Declan , Fattepur Sudhindrashayana , Goshomi Unice , Kiran Tayyeba , Laisser Rose , Lavender Tina , Mills Tracey A , Nabisere Allen , Un Nisa Zaib , Vwalika Bellington , Wakasiaka Sabina , Kirkham Jamie J
Published: January 2025

Study objective

Stillbirth is burdensome in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), especially in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. Currently, there are two core outcome sets (COS) for stillbirth (prevention and bereavement care), but these were developed with limited reflection of the needs of parents in an LMIC setting. To address this gap, the objective of this study was to establish consensus on the most important outcomes for stillbirth prevention and bereavement care following stillbirth in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia.

Methods

Previous stillbirth outcomes were reviewed for inclusion into the COS by senior research leaders and community engagement and involvement members from six sub-Saharan African and two South Asian countries. An online real-time Delphi survey was then conducted with healthcare professionals, parents who have experienced a stillbirth and researchers in the field to score the agreed list. The results of the Delphi were summarised and then discussed at a virtual consensus meeting where the final COS were agreed.

Results

287 participants contributed towards the Delphi (143 midwives, 32 obstetricians, 50 mothers, 12 fathers and 50 researchers), with at least 2 parents attending the full consensus meetings. Consensus was reached on 13 core outcomes for stillbirth prevention covering 5 domains: obstetric, fetal, perinatal and neonatal outcomes and maternal complications. For bereavement care following a stillbirth, five core outcomes reached a consensus, which included outcomes related to labour and birth, a postpartum complication, care experience, mental health and emotional and social well-being.

Discussion

These COS will improve the consistency of outcomes for future research in an LMIC setting. Additionally, they will complement existing COS for stillbirth prevention and bereavement care developed in high-income settings. The output from this work will move us towards a global set of outcomes that can be used in stillbirth research worldwide.
Effect of short-term exposure to ocean acidification on antioxidant response in the Patagonian scallop Zygochlamys patagonica (P.P. King, 1832) from the Southwest Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Yusseppone Maria Soledad , Schwartz Matias , Campodónico Silvana , Lomovasky Betina J.
Published: January 2025

Ocean acidification (OA) can impair antioxidant responses in bivalves altering their capacity to cope with environmental changes. Here, we analyzed the effects of short-term OA exposure on antioxidant responses of an important commercial Patagonian scallop Zygochlamys patagonica (P.P. King, 1832), considering present pH variability at natural beds of scallops and OA conditions. The scallops were exposed at three levels of pH, (1) high pHT= 8.10 (mean annual pH at the sampling site), (2) medium pHT= 7.80 (minimum value of natural variability recorded at scallops’ bed close to the sampling site) and (3) low pHT= 7.50 (0.30 below medium pH value) for 4 and 17 days of experimental time. Oxidative damage and antioxidants were measured in hemolymph, gill and mantle. Hemolymph did not show signs of oxidative damage thus, antioxidant response induction was not detected under OA exposure. Gills showed antioxidant activation at 4 days under OA which decreased by the end of the experiment, with no signs of oxidative damage. Non-enzymatic antioxidant decreased under OA in the mantle. This study supports previous evidence of bivalves´ capacity to maintain their redox homeostasis under experimental OA conditions and constitutes a cornerstone to continue elucidating this species ‘strategies to cope with environmental changes.
Decolonizing Indigenous science: Bees and Indigenous sovereignty
Authors: Nakagawa Phoenix , Nakagawa Hanika , Bobiwash Kyle
Published: January 2025

In this conceptual paper, we argue that the assumptions behind laboratory and field studies are that chemical and compositional analysis may reveal structures unseen by means of human observation. However, replacing human observation to make it obsolete is not the purpose of science; if something can be seen, but is not measurable, that does not make it irrelevant. Although science is frequently primarily regarded as a quantitative field, we argue that qualitative data inclusion is necessary determine the consequences of research on Indigenous communities. We discuss key points, including historical and anthropocentric views of science, suggesting that Indigenous Science requires greater wisdom-based knowledge in association with traditional ecological knowledge. We introduce a new conceptual model called “Pollen Sovereignty”, a sister to Indigenous food sovereignty, to begin critical discussions around the ethics of field research and the impacts of research on the environment, land management, and Indigenous communities. That is, through simple scientific concepts, critical thought, and logic new conceptual frameworks and avenues of research, Indigenous knowledges cannot merely be coopted and reused, but respected and valued.
Hopeful insights from wildlife recoveries in Canada
Authors: Schiller Laurenne , Tissier Mathilde L. , Davis Alexandra C.D. , Lamb Clayton T. , Mayer Stefanie Odette , Menzies Allyson K. , Shahmohamadloo René S. , Vanderwolf Karen J.
Published: January 2025

Facing the global biodiversity crisis, conservation practitioners and decision-makers seek to catalyze wildlife recoveries in their region. Here we examined social-ecological attributes related to threatened species recovery in Canada. First, we used a retrospective approach to compare the trajectories of the original species assessed by Canada’s species-at-risk committee and found that only eight of 36 species now have decreased extinction risk relative to the past. There were no significant differences in human or financial capacity provided for recovery across species doing better, the same, or worse; the only significant difference was whether the primary cause of decline was alleviated or not. Second, when looking at species assessed at least twice between 2000 and 2019 we found that only eight of 422 (1.9%) experienced both increasing abundance and decreasing extinction risk. The defining characteristic of successful recoveries was first alleviating the original cause of decline, which was most often accomplished through strong regulatory intervention. Once declines were halted, practical interventions were highly species-specific. It is instructive to learn from conservation successes to scale resources appropriately and our results emphasize the importance of threat-specific intervention as a fundamental precursor to the successful restoration of biodiversity in Canada.
Mix-Modality Person Re-Identification: A New and Practical Paradigm
Authors: Liu Wei , Xu Xin , Chang Hua , Yuan Xin , Wang Zheng
Published: January 2025

Current visible-infrared cross-modality person re-identification research has only focused on exploring the bi-modality mutual retrieval paradigm, and we propose a new and more practical mix-modality retrieval paradigm. Existing
V
isible-
I
nfrared person re-identification (VI-ReID) methods have achieved some results in the bi-modality mutual retrieval paradigm by learning the correspondence between visible and infrared modalities. However, significant performance degradation occurs due to the modality confusion problem when these methods are applied to the new mix-modality paradigm. Therefore, this paper proposes a
M
ix-
M
odality person re-identification (MM-ReID) task, explores the influence of modality mixing ratio on performance, and constructs mix-modality test sets for existing datasets according to the new mix-modality testing paradigm. To solve the modality confusion problem in MM-ReID, we propose a
C
ross-
I
dentity
D
iscrimination
H
armonization
L
oss (CIDHL) adjusting the distribution of samples in the hyperspherical feature space, pulling the centers of samples with the same identity closer, and pushing away the centers of samples with different identities while aggregating samples with the same modality and the same identity. Furthermore, we propose a
M
odality
B
ridge
S
imilarity
O
ptimization
S
trategy (MBSOS) to optimize the cross-modality similarity between the query and queried samples with the help of the similar bridge sample in the gallery. Extensive experiments demonstrate that compared to the original performance of existing cross-modality methods on MM-ReID, the addition of our CIDHL and MBSOS demonstrates a general improvement.
Multi-scale Dynamic Fusion for Visible-Infrared Person Re-Identification
Authors: Wang Shen , Wang Yu , Qiao Renjie , Wu Kejun , Lin Chia-Wen , Cai Chengtao
Published: January 2025

Visible-infrared person re-identification (VI-ReID) aims to match persons across visible and infrared modalities; however, its performance is prone to complex dynamic scenes, such as occlusions, background shifts, and pose changes. In this paper, we propose a Multi-scale Dynamic Fusion Network (MDFN) to address these challenges in the VI-ReID task. Specifically, the proposed MDFN consists of the Dynamic Feature Fusion (DFF), Dynamic Perception Enhancement (DPE), and Feature Reweighting with Similarity (FRS) modules. The DFF module dynamically extracts local and long-range dependencies among features to obtain finer-grained discriminative features. The DPE module extracts multi-scale features from both visible and infrared modalities to generate diverse embeddings. The FRS module mitigates the impact of information imbalance between modalities, thereby further improving performance. Extensive experiments on the SYSU-MM01 and RegDB datasets show that our MDFN outperforms other state-of-the-art methods, especially in complex dynamic scenes with occlusions, background shifts, and pose changes.
Contrastive Modality-Disentangled Learning for Multimodal Recommendation
Authors: Lin Xixun , Liu Rui , Cao Yanan , Zou Lixin , Li Qian , Wu Yongxuan , Liu Yang , Yin Dawei , Xu Guandong
Published: January 2025

Multimodal recommendation, which utilizes rich multimodal information to learn user preferences, has attracted significant attention. Most works focus on designing powerful encoders for extracting multimodal features, and simply aggregate the learned features together to make prediction. Consequently, they have a limited capacity to learn the inter-modality knowledge including the modality-shared and modality-unique knowledge. In fact, learning the modality-shared knowledge enables us to align cross-modality data for fusing heterogeneous modality features. Learning the modality-unique knowledge is equally important when recommendation tasks only involve a small amount of shared features and the necessary information is contained within specific modality. In this paper, we propose Contrastive Modality-Disentangled Learning (CMDL) to overcome this critical limitation. CMDL exactly captures the inter-modality knowledge by achieving modality disentanglement. Specifically, CMDL first disentangles the initial representation into the modality-invariant and modality-specific representations. Afterwards, CMDL introduces a novel manner of contrastive learning to approximate the MI upper bounds for achieving disentanglement regularization. Building upon the proposed regularization, CMDL encourages the modality-invariant and modality-specific representations to capture the modality-shared and modality-unique knowledge respectively and to be statistically independent to each other. Empirically, extensive experiments are conducted on benchmark datasets, demonstrating the superior performance of CMDL compared with strong multimodal recommenders.
Digital Nudging: A Systematic Literature Review, Taxonomy, and Future Research Directions
Authors: Valta Maximilian , Maier Christian
Published: January 2025

The expanding realm of digital nudging presents significant challenges for current research, due to its growing volume and diversity. This necessitates a unified framework for understanding and integrating the vast literature. In response, our study introduces a comprehensive taxonomy of digital nudging, developed through the analysis of 88 peer-reviewed publications. Our four-dimensional taxonomy includes five contexts, ten forms, two levels of intrusiveness, and three levels of user impact. This taxonomy serves as a foundational tool for coherent understanding, enabling the categorization, comparison, and synthesis of diverse studies. We also provide a consistent and precise definition of digital nudging, resolving semantic ambiguities and further clarifying the field. Our findings lay the groundwork for future research directions in digital nudging and offer practical guidelines for practitioners implementing nudges across various domains.
Emerging Technologies for Multiphoton Writing and Reading of Polymeric Architectures for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Sun Jieliyue , Jia Sixian , Shao Chenhui , Dawson Michelle R. , Toussaint Kimani C.
Published: January 2025

The rise in popularity of two-photon polymerization (TPP) as an additive manufacturing technique has impacted many areas of science and engineering, particularly those related to biomedical applications. Compared with other fabrication methods used for biomedical applications, TPP offers 3D, nanometer-scale fabrication dexterity (free-form). Moreover, the existence of turnkey commercial systems has increased accessibility. In this review, we discuss the diversity of biomedical applications that have benefited from the unique features of TPP. We also present the state of the art in approaches for patterning/writing and reading 3D TPP-fabricated structures. The reading process influences the fidelity for both in situ and ex situ characterization methods. We also review efforts to leverage machine learning to facilitate process control for TPP. Finally, we conclude with a discussion of both the current challenges and exciting opportunities for biomedical applications that lie ahead for this intriguing and emerging technology.
Large-Scale Validation of the Feasibility of GPT-4 as a Proofreading Tool for Head CT Reports
Authors: Kim Songsoo , Kim Donghyun , Shin Hyun Joo , Lee Seung Hyun , Kang Yeseul , Jeong Sejin , Kim Jaewoong , Han Miran , Lee Seong-Joon , Kim Joonho , Yum Jungyon , Han Changho , Yoon Dukyong
Published: January 2025

OpenAI’s GPT-4 could detect, reason, and revise errors in head CT reports, demonstrating its feasibility as a tool for proofreading radiology reports.
Open-Source Large Language Models in Radiology: A Review and Tutorial for Practical Research and Clinical Deployment
Authors: Savage Cody H. , Kanhere Adway , Parekh Vishwa , Langlotz Curtis P. , Joshi Anupam , Huang Heng , Doo Florence X.
Published: January 2025

Open-source large language models and multimodal foundation models offer several practical advantages for clinical and research objectives in radiology over their proprietary counterparts but require further validation before widespread adoption.
Deep Learning Superresolution for Simultaneous Multislice Parallel Imaging–Accelerated Knee MRI Using Arthroscopy Validation
Authors: Walter Sven S. , Vosshenrich Jan , Cantarelli Rodrigues Tatiane , Dalili Danoob , Fritz Benjamin , Kijowski Richard , Park Eun Hae , Serfaty Aline , Stern Steven E. , Brinkmann Inge , Koerzdoerfer Gregor , Fritz Jan
Published: January 2025

Deep learning superresolution simultaneous multislice parallel imaging–accelerated knee MRI provided excellent image quality and improved diagnostic performance for articular cartilage defects while maintaining performance for meniscus and ligament tears.
Mechanism, Design, and Experimental Study of Fabry-Perot-Like Resonant Absorptive Structures
Authors: Liu Yongzhi , Pan Shibing , Wang Chaojie , Lian Juntao , Wan Xiaoxia , Li Guiqun , Li Ning , Song Yuhua , Mi Tao , Bai Yongping
Published: January 2025

A Fabry–Perot resonance-based absorptive structure was investigated. The theoretically calculation results indicate that the design of Fabry–Perot resonant cavity based on capacitive impedance shows a broadband absorption characteristic. By using a random distribution of carbon fibers, a broadband absorption structure has been successfully achieved in a simple-structured composite. The effective absorption bandwidth reaches 8 GHz, with good RCS reduction effect.
Composition Dependent Structural and Electrical Properties of (Ba0.9-zSrzCa0.1)(Zr0.1Ti0.9)O3, (0.08 ≤ z ≤ 0.12) Ceramics
Authors: Biswas Don , Singh Surendra , Thapliyal Prashant , Rohilla Vishal , Kathait G. S. , Panwar N. S.
Published: January 2025

Pellet samples of (Ba0.9−zSrzCa0.1)(Zr0.1Ti0.9)O3, with z ranging from 0.08 to 0.12, were prepared using the solid-state reaction route. Dielectric measurements were obtained for all the prepared compositions at various frequencies (1–1000 kHz) and temperatures (room temperature to 250 °C). The structural and piezoelectric properties were obtained at room temperature (RT), where maximum dielectric (5615 at 1 MHz) and piezoelectric constant (964 pm V−1) were observed for the samples with z = 0.10 among the prepared samples. Further, for z = 0.10, the X-ray diffraction (XRD) peak patterns showed an anomalous peak shifting phenomenon followed by an irregular shift in the c/a vs z plot’s slope. In addition, maximum grain size and density were observed for z = 0.10. The obtained maximum values of dielectric constant (ε), piezoelectric constant (d33*), break in XRD peak shifting patterns, and a minimum in c/a ratio of the prepared samples show significant composition-dependent electrical and structural properties indicating morphotropic-phase boundary (MPB), near z = 0.10 among the prepared compositions. Thus, lead-free (Ba0.8Sr0.10Ca0.1)(Zr0.1Ti0.9)O3 system may be a suitable choice for various piezoelectric applications.
O-GlcNAcylation regulates tyrosine hydroxylase serine 40 phosphorylation and l-DOPA levels
Authors: da Costa Rodrigues Bruno , dos Santos Lucena Miguel Clodomiro , Costa Anna Carolina Rego , de Araújo Oliveira Isadora , Thaumaturgo Mariana , Paes-Colli Yolanda , Beckman Danielle , Ferreira Sergio T. , de Mello Fernando Garcia , de Melo Reis Ricardo Augusto , Todeschini Adriane Regina , Dias Wagner Barbosa
Published: January 2025

This study shows how β- O-linked- N-acetylglucosamine ( O-GlcNAcylation) modulates tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activity, revealing a negative feedback loop with Ser40 phosphorylation both in vitro and ex vivo, which directly influences on l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-DOPA) production. These findings offer insights into neurotransmitter homeostasis regulation, with implications for understanding and potentially treating disorders linked to aberrant catecholamine signaling.
Do not sleep on vitamin D: vitamin D is associated with sleep variability in apparently healthy adults
Authors: Culver Meral N. , Linder Braxton A. , Lyons Delaney E. , Hutchison Zach J. , Garrett Catherine L. , McNeil Jessica N. , Robinson Austin T.
Published: January 2025

Our findings reveal that individuals with lower circulating vitamin D concentrations experience greater sleep variability compared with those with higher circulating concentrations. This supports the growing body of evidence suggesting an important link between vitamin D status and sleep health.
RPL39 Was Associated With Sex Differences in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Wang Haixia , Li Ling , Zhou Guangyuan , Wang Lu , Wu Zeang
Published: January 2025

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a malignant cardiovascular disease with a complex etiology, in which several types of cells play important roles. Sex differences in disease susceptibility and survival have been observed in PAH patients, but few studies have analyzed the effect of changes in cell type and number on sex differences in PAH at the single‐cell level. In this study, we performed a series of analyses on GSE169471 and GSE228644 datasets and found significant changes in the ratio of several types of cells in male PAH lung tissues. Surprisingly, we found that the ratio of macrophages in male PAH samples was 7 times higher than that in females. Consistently, the ratio of M1 macrophages was also significantly increased in male PAH samples. The different expression genes (DEGs) in macrophages were mainly involved in the ribosome pathway, which is closely related to cell proliferation. Inhibition of ribosomal protein L39 (RPL39), a core gene in the ribosome pathway, can inhibit macrophage proliferation and attenuate the sex differences in PAH. In conclusion, our study suggests that ribosome pathway–associated cell proliferation of macrophages might be associated with sex differences in PAH.
Intelligent Joint Optimization of Deployment and Task Scheduling for Mobile Users in Multi‐UAV‐Assisted MEC System
Authors: Abdel-Basset Mohamed , Mohamed Reda , Salam Amira , Sallam Karam M. , Hezam Ibrahim M. , Radwan Ibrahim
Published: January 2025

Mobile edge computing (MEC) servers integrated with multi‐unmanned aerial vehicles (multi‐UAVs) present a new system the multi‐UAV‐assisted MEC system. This system relies on the mobility of the UAVs to reduce the transmission distance between the servers and mobile users, thereby enhancing service quality and minimizing the overall energy consumption. Achieving optimal UAV deployment and precise task scheduling is crucial for improved coverage and service quality in this system. This problem is framed as a nonconvex optimization problem known as joint task scheduling and deployment optimization. Recently, an optimization technique based on a dual‐layer framework: Upper layer optimization and lower layer optimization have been proposed to tackle this problem and achieved superior performance compared to the alternative methods. In this framework, the lower layer was responsible for task scheduling optimization, while the upper layer was designed to assist in optimizing UAV deployment and thus achieving improved coverage and enhanced task scheduling for mobile users, thereby minimizing the total energy consumption. However, further refinement of upper layer optimization is needed to improve the deployment process. In this study, the upper layer undergoes enhancement through key modifications: First, random selection of the solutions is replaced with sequential selection to maintain the unique characteristics of each individual throughout the optimization process, fostering both exploration and exploitation. Second, a selection of recently reported metaheuristic algorithms, such as spider wasp optimizer (SWO), generalized normal distribution optimization (GNDO), and gradient‐based optimizer (GBO), are adapted to optimize UAV deployments. Both improved upper layer and lower layer optimization led to the development of novel, more effective optimization approaches, including IToGBOTaS, IToGNDOTaS, and IToSWOTaS. These techniques are evaluated using nine instances with a variety of mobile tasks ranging from 100 to 900 to test their stability and then compared to different optimization techniques to measure their effectiveness. This comparison is based on several statistical information to determine the superiority and difference between their outcomes. The results reveal that IToGBOTaS and IToSWOTaS exhibit slightly superior performance compared to all other algorithms, showcasing their competitiveness and efficacy in addressing the optimization challenges of the multi‐UAV‐assisted MEC system.
Exploring Perceived Organisational Justice in the Healthcare Sector: Insights From an Arab Cultural Perspective
Authors: Awwad Mohammad Suleiman , Adaileh Ali Mohammad
Published: January 2025

Despite the extensive literature examining the relationship between organisational justice and intention to leave, few attempts have been made to elucidate the dynamics of this relationship, especially in relation to the significant role that pay satisfaction can play within the context of Arab culture. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between perceived organisational justice dimensions (procedural, distributive and interactional) and intention to leave among healthcare workers in Jordan, with a focus on the mediating role of pay satisfaction. The study population includes all physicians and nurses in Jordan’s public and private health services, with a total of 74,351 individuals, as per the Jordanian Physicians’ and Nurses’ Syndicates website. The study employed a quantitative cross‐sectional research design with a snowball sampling technique, where potential respondents were personally contacted and asked to send the survey to their colleagues through WhatsApp. We received a total of 679 questionnaires, of which only 545 were valid for analysis. We analysed the data with SmartPLS 4.0 using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS‐SEM). Our results revealed that interactional justice directly influences intention to leave, while distributive and procedural justices do not. Pay satisfaction is significantly influenced by all three dimensions of organisational justice, acting as a full mediator between distributive and procedural justice and intention to leave, but not interactional justice. The study highlights the importance of fair interpersonal relationships and equitable pay practices in reducing intention to leave within Jordanian healthcare organisations. It also emphasises the need for culturally tailored management strategies to improve organisational stability and employee retention. Our research offers novel insights into how cultural context shapes organisational behaviour in the healthcare sector. Accordingly, Arab cultural environments differ from other cultural contexts in how they perceive justice and, consequently, how it relates to intention to leave and pay satisfaction. The findings confirmed that distributive and procedural justices are the same concept within this culture (labelled structural justice), whereas interactional justice, which includes interpersonal and informational justice (as operationally defined in the literature), is a distinct concept (labelled relational justice). Thus, this study contributes to the debate in the current literature on the extent to which the dimensions of organisational justice are related and whether they are distinct from each other (Colquitt et al. 2001).
Physics Parameter Identification of Annular Tuned Liquid Damper for the Structure‐Damper‐Coupled System Using a Mechanics‐Enhanced SSI Method
Authors: Fu Wenwei , Kuai Naiwei , Chen Xin , Ke Shitang , Liu Tao , Shao Zhirao
Published: January 2025

Tuned liquid damper (TLD) is one of the main technologies for passive control. The fundamental modal parameters of a TLD contain natural frequency and damping ratio, which are primarily related to the liquid height in the TLD device. Although the liquid height of the TLD is calibrated before installation, it is still necessary to identify the physics parameters of the TLD and the main structure during the service period to prevent the detuning of the TLD. A physics parameter identification method for the structure‐damper‐coupled system based on mechanics‐enhanced stochastic subspace identification (SSI) is proposed in this paper, illustrated through annular TLD (ATLD). By extracting the state matrix of the first controlled mode of the main structure, the natural frequency and damping ratio of the ATLD are identified, thereby determining the liquid height of the ATLD. Numerical models of structure‐ATLD‐coupled systems with different degrees of freedom are constructed, and their simulated acceleration responses under different excitations are obtained. Sensitivity analysis of environmental noise is performed to verify the accuracy and robustness of the proposed parameter identification method. A dynamic test was designed for a steel chimney model to further verify the practicality of this method. The results show that when the noise level of the measurement noise is below 5.0%, the average relative error in identifying the ATLD liquid height does not exceed 10%. The identification error in the damping ratio of the structure‐ATLD‐coupled system will lead to a decrease in the accuracy of ATLD liquid height estimation. The proposed method can effectively identify changes in the ATLD liquid height within the optimal frequency ratio range by analyzing the experimental data from the chimney model. The proposed method can effectively estimate the modal parameters of the coupled system, providing reliable data support for evaluating the working condition of the ATLD during its service period.
Memecylon longipedunculatum (Melastomataceae), a new species from coastal areas of south central Vietnam
Authors: TAGANE SHUICHIRO , DANG VAN-SON , TRUONG BA VUONG , NGUYEN QUOC BAO , PHAM QUOC TRONG , NGUYEN TRAN VY , YAMAMOTO TAKENORI , KONGXAISAVATH DEUANTA , YAMAZAKI KAITO , NURALIEV MAXIM S. , FOMICHEV CONSTANTIN I. , SOULADETH PHETLASY
Published: January 2025

Memecylon longipedunculatum, a new species of Melastomataceae, is described and illustrated. The species is known to occur in Khanh Hoa and Ninh Thuan provinces in South Central Coast Vietnam, where it is restricted to low dry coastal forests and scrubby vegetation. The description is based on the authors’ original gatherings as well as on the historical collections made a century ago. The new species is distinguishable from most of its congeners by small leaves (1.2–5.7 × 0.7–2.4 cm) with obtuse or sometimes emarginate apices, long peduncles (1–2.7 cm long), and crescent-shaped anther connective with distinct centrally placed gland.
The Australian Monstrilloida 3. Caromiobenella Jeon, Lee & Soh, 2018, Monstrilla Dana, 1849, and Sarsimonstrillus n. gen.
Authors: SUÁREZ-MORALES EDUARDO , MCKINNON ALEXANDER DAVID
Published: January 2025

This is the third paper in a series regarding a taxonomical survey of the monstrilloid copepods collected during the past three decades in coastal systems of Australia. The first contribution included the taxonomic analysis of three genera of the Monstrilloida, i.e., Monstrillopsis Sars, 1921, Maemonstrilla Grygier & Ohtsuka, 2008, and the monotypic Australomonstrillopsis Suárez-Morales & McKinnon, 2007. The second document contained the taxonomic analysis of Cymbasoma Thompson, 1888 which emphasized the remarkable diversity of this genus in Australia, with a total of 25 new species. In this third contribution we present an account of the genera Caromiobenella Jeon, Lee & Soh, 2018, and Monstrilla Dana, 1849, and describe a new monotypic genus with paired, anteriorly directed cephalic structures. Thus, the taxonomic account of the monstrilloids found in Australian zooplankton samples collected since 1983 will be completed. Three species of Caromiobenella are reported including an undescribed one. Additionally, this is the first record of C. hamatapex (Grygier & Ohtsuka, 1995) in Australia with a comparative analysis with reports from Japan and South Korea. In this regard, two previous records of Australian Monstrilla and subsequently introduced names assigned to them are both referable to the widespread C. helgolandica (Claus, 1863), a species probably representing a species complex. Furthermore, 11 new species of Monstrilla are described with one species represented by both sexes, eight by only males, and four by only females. A new genus Sarsimonstrillus n. gen. is described from an adult female. Most new species were found in temperate coastal embayments, particularly one with a very rich habitat diversity (Western Port Bay). Only two of the new species of Monstrilla were found in reef-related sites, with one representing a new member of the M. conjunctiva Giesbrecht, 1902 species group. Considering our results of this third contribution, Monstrilla is the second most speciose monstrilloid genus in Australian waters and regains its place as the second most diverse monstrilloid genus worldwide. The summarized contribution of this research initiative (2011–2024) consists of a total of 44 new species and two new genera of the Monstrilloida in Australian waters.
Illustrated catalog of the types of Staphylinidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) deposited in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: CARON EDILSON , BUSS BRUNA CAROLINE , ZILBERMAN BRUNO , BORTOLUZZI SIDNEI
Published: January 2025

The Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo (MZUSP) houses one of the most extensive collections of zoology in Latin America. Its type collection of Staphylinidae includes items identified by nearly 30 entomologists, such as Charles Seevers, Erich Wasmann, Lubomir Hromádka, Max Bernhauer, Otto Scheerpeltz, and Thomas Borgmeier. This catalog details every type specimen of Staphylinidae housed at MZUSP. The collection spans more than 2,300 type specimens, including secondary types, from nearly 200 species and eight subfamilies. About 70% of the species are primary types, with 77% originating from Brazil. Thomas Borgmeier is the most represented taxonomist, accounting for 34% of the species with types at MZUSP, followed by Max Bernhauer and Charles Seevers. We offer details on the labels and photos of the dorsal aspect of all types, and the labels of at least one specimen from each species. Furthermore, we detail specimens labeled as types that have not yet been officially recognized as such.
The 100 most-cited articles in WALANT hand surgery: A bibliometric and visualized analysis
Authors: Wong Zhen Yu , Adegboye Oluwatobi , Kanapathy Muholan , Nikkhah Dariush , Mosahebi Afshin , Miranda Ben H
Published: January 2025

This bibliometric analysis aimed to define important topics and developments across wide awake local anaesthesia no tourniquet (WALANT) hand surgery, an innovative ambulatory technique that gained popularity during the COVID-19 pandemic. Articles were searched and screened using the Web of Science core collection database. VOSviewer 1.6.18 and bibliometrix were used for analysis. In the initial search 419 articles were found. Between 1990 and 2023, 333 writers contributed to the top 100 most-cited articles published. The country with the highest number of published articles (20%) was Canada, followed by the USA (18%) and China (12%). Most articles were published in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (15%), Hand Clinics (14%) and the European and American volumes of The Journal of Hand Surgery (9% each). Eighty-two percent of articles had a Level of Evidence of III or V. High-quality randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews of WALANT are needed to broaden and enhance clinical practice and research.

Level of evidence: V
Outcome of high-grade B-cell lymphoma compared to other large B-cell lymphoma after CAR-T rescue. A DESCAR-T LYSA study
Authors: Phina-Ziebin Xavier , Bachy Emmanuel , Gros Francois-Xavier , Di Blasi Roberta , Herbaux Charles , Bay Jacques Olivier , Carras Sylvain , Bories Pierre , Casasnovas Olivier , Jardin Fabrice , Morschhauser Franck , Guffroy Blandine , Mohty Mohamad , Gat Elodie , Calvani Julien , Parrens Marie-Cécile , Poullot Elsa , Traverse-Glehen Alexandra , Roulin Louise
Published: January 2025

High-grade-B-cell lymphoma (HGBL) with MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 rearrangements (double hit [HGBL-DH] or triple hit [HGBL-TH]), or not otherwise specified (HGBL-NOS), are considered to be more aggressive diseases among large B-cell lymphomas (LBCL). CD19-targeting Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cells have changed the prognosis of chemoresistant LBCL. Clinical and pathological data of patients treated for relapsed/refractory LBCL or HGBL in third line or more, all characterized by FISH, were collected from the French DESCAR-T registry. Between January 2018 and November 2022, 228 patients were included across 14 centers, 73 with HGBL (28 HGBL-DH MYC-BCL2, 14 HGBL-TH, 8 HGBL-DH MYC-BCL6, 23 HGBL-NOS) and 155 with non-HGBL. Median follow-up was 18.5 months [95% CI, 14.3-23.4] from the date of infusion. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were not significantly different between HGBL and non-HGBL, at respectively 3.2 months [95% CI, 2.8-6.0] vs 4.5 months [95% CI, 3.1-8.7] (p = 0.103) and 15.4 months [95% CI, 5.6-32.4] vs 18.3 months [95% CI, 8.5-NR]. From the date of eligibility, the median OS was inferior for patients with HGBL-TH/DH MYC-BCL2 at 6.6 months vs 18.5 months for HGBL-NOS vs 13.6 months for HGBL-DH MYC-BCL6 vs 11.8 months for LBCL (p = 0.037). However, infused patients presented the same outcome. CAR T-cell therapy used in third line or more seems to overcome the poor prognosis of HGBL subtypes, especially in HGBL-TH/DH MYC-BCL2. This observation supports considering the potential benefit of using CAR-T earlier in the course of the disease.
Changes in incidence and epidemiology of antimicrobial resistant pathogens before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany, 2015–2022
Authors: Baum Jonathan H. J. , Dörre Achim , Reichert Felix , Noll Ines , Feig Marcel , Eckmanns Tim , Sandfort Mirco , Haller Sebastian
Published: January 2025

Background

Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are among WHO’s priority pathogens with antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Studies suggest potential impacts of the COVID-19-pandemic on AMR. We described changes in AMR incidence and epidemiology in Germany during the COVID-19-pandemic.

Methods

We used two independent datasets, statutory surveillance and laboratory-based Antibiotic Resistance Surveillance (ARS). We included statutory notifications of infections/colonisations of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp., Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli (CRA/CRKP/CREC) and invasive MRSA. Using Poisson/negative binomial regression and assuming continued pre-pandemic (2015/2017–2020) trends, we projected hypothetical notifications as if the pandemic had not occurred. We quantified annual changes during the pandemic period (2020–2022) by comparing to observed notifications. Additional models considered inpatient reductions, seasonality, infections only, or resistant isolates from ARS.

Results

CRA notified cases were reduced by -30% (95%CI -39%|-20%) in 2020, -23% (-36%|-8%) in 2021, but + 32% (+ 6%|+64%) higher in 2022 relative to hypothetical pre-pandemic projections. Changes were − 35%/-31%/+6% for CRKP, -40%/-61%/-48% for CREC and − 33%/-25%/-20% for MRSA. Statutory-models accounting for fewer inpatients, seasonality and infections only showed similar trends, as did ARS-models for resistant isolates and infections. International mobility for CRA, CRKP and CREC decreased in 2020–2021, then increased in 2022.

Conclusions

We observed significant reductions of AMR notifications and infections during 2020–2021, also when accounting for fewer inpatients. We conclude a genuine reduction of AMR spread occurred during the pandemic. Factors like fewer hospitalisations and reduced international mobility contributed. Rising international mobility may partly explain increases for CRA, CRKP and CREC in 2022. A solid understanding of AMR trends improves infection prevention and control.