bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perbedaan Hasil One Shoulder Dress Ukuran M ditinjau dari Bahan Thai silk, Rayon, dan Polyester
Authors: Khoiriyah Anisaul , Musdalifah Musdalifah
Published: October 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya perbedaan hasil One Shoulder Dress ukuran M menggunakan bahan Thai silk, Rayon, Polyester, dan untuk mengetahui hasil manakah yang lebih baik antara One Shoulder Dress M menggunakan bahan Thai silk, Rayon, Polyester. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian eksperimen.Dalam penelitian ini variabel bebas berupa jenis bahan yaitu bahan Thai silk, Rayon, dan Polyester.Variabel terikat berupa Hasil One Shoulder Dress meliputi bagian badan, bagian pinggang, bagian rok, tampak keseluruhan.Variabel kontrol berupa waktu, desain One Shoulder Dress, bahan, konstruksi pola, teknik jahit, mesin jahit, orang yang mengerjakan, mannequin.Metode pengumpulan data adalah observasi.Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan Uji Anova Satu Jalur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan fhitung 6,143 > ftabel 0,003 α = 5%, maka hal tersebut menunjukkan ada perbedaan hasil One Shoulder Dress ditinjau dari bahan Thai silk, Rayon, Polyester, perlu dilakukan uji lanjut Post Hoc LSD untuk mengetahui pengaruh yang paling signifikan dari masing-masing bahan. Uji Lanjut Post Hoc LSD menunjukkan hasil terbaik One Shoulder Dress ukuran M menggunakan bahan Thai silk dibandingkan dengan menggunakan bahan Rayon dan Polyester. Perbedaan hasil One Shoulder Dress menggunakan tiga bahan dapat dilihat pada bagian badan dan rok. Kesimpulan hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada perbedaan hasil One Shoulder Dress menggunakan bahan Thai silk, Rayon, Polyester. Hasil terbaik One Shoulder Dress ukuran M menggunakan bahan Thai silk dibandingkan dengan menggunakan bahan Rayon dan Polyester.
DUOX2 variants are a frequent cause of congenital primary hypothyroidism in Thai patients
Authors: Sorapipatcharoen Kinnaree , Tim-Aroon Thipwimol , Mahachoklertwattana Pat , Chantratita Wasun , Iemwimangsa Nareenart , Sensorn Insee , Panthan Bhakbhoom , Jiaranai Poramate , Noojarern Saisuda , Khlairit Patcharin , Pongratanakul Sarunyu , Suprasongsin Chittiwat , Korwutthikulrangsri Manassawee , Sriphrapradang Chutintorn , Poomthavorn Preamrudee
Published: October 2020

Objective

To identify the genetic etiologies of congenital primary hypothyroidism (CH) in Thai patients.

Design and methods

CH patients were enrolled. Clinical characteristics including age, signs and symptoms of CH, pedigree, family history, screened thyroid-stimulating hormone results, thyroid function tests, thyroid imaging, clinical course and treatment of CH were collected. Clinical exome sequencing by next-generation sequencing was performed. In-house gene list which covered 62 potential candidate genes related to CH and thyroid disorders was developed for targeted sequencing. Sanger sequencing was performed to validate the candidate variants. Thyroid function tests were determined in the heterozygous parents who carried the same DUOX2 or DUOXA2 variants as their offsprings.

Results

There were 118 patients (63 males) included. Mean (SD) age at enrollment was 12.4 (7.9) years. Forty-five of 118 patients (38%) had disease-causing variants. Of 45 variants, 7 genes were involved (DUOX2, DUOXA2, TG, TPO, SLC5A5, PAX8 and TSHR). DUOX2, a gene causing thyroid dyshormonogenesis, was the most common defective gene (25/45, 56%). The most common DUOX2 variant found in this study was c.1588A>T. TG and TPO variants were less common. Fourteen novel variants were found. Thyroid function tests of most parents with heterozygous state of DUOX2 and DUOXA2 variants were normal.

Conclusions

DUOX2 variants were most common among Thai CH patients, while TG and TPO variants were less common. The c.1588A>T in DUOX2 gene was highly frequent in this population.
HLA Alleles and KIR Genes in Romanian Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C
Authors: Ursu Larisa , Calenic Bogdan , Diculescu Mircea , Dima Alina , Constantinescu Ileana
Published: October 2020

Background and Aims: The role of natural killer (NK) cells in the defense against hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection involve both innate and adaptive immunity. NK cells express a large panel of inhibitory and activating receptors who bind human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I receptors. Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are the most polymorphic of these receptors being encoded by genes distributed differently in unrelated individuals. The aim of this study was to look at the immune response in chronic HCV patients by assessing NK-KIR genes and their corresponding HLA ligands.

Methods: We genotyped 127 chronically HCV-infected patients and 130 non-infected healthy individuals for both KIR genes and their HLA ligands. The HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C genotypes were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction high-resolution typing.

Results: KIR2DL3, KIR2DL5, KIR2DS4 norm, KIR3DL3, KIR2DP1, KIR3DP1 genes were significantly increased in the HCV group compared to healthy individual. Analysis of various HLA haplotypes revealed different HLA alleles associated with increased susceptibility to HCV infection. Thus, HLA A*23:01 was more frequent in the patients’ group than in the controls (p=0.030). At the same time HLA B*44:02 and C*04:02 were significantly elevated in HCV-positive patients (p=0.008 and respectively p= 0.007).

Conclusions: These results suggest that the expression of KIR2DL3, KIR2DL5, KIR2DS4 norm, KIR3DL3 genes and the association with HLA alleles such as HLA A*23:01, B*44:02, C*04:02 may increase the patient susceptibility to chronic HCV infection.
A Periferia na Literatura Brasileira Contemporânea, um Exercício de Alteridade
Authors: Amodeo Maria Tereza
Published: October 2020

O artigo analisa formas de tratamento dos temas da realidade mar-ginal/periférica presentes em contos e poema brasileiros contemporâneos, a partir da perspectiva das figuras “ex-cêntricas” da sociedade (HUTCHEON, 1998), silenciadas historicamente, relegadas à margem e que circulam em torno daquele tipo ideal de homem realizado, nomeado como “Senhor Todo Mundo” (LANDOWSKI, 2002). Concebidas frequentemente por imagens estereotípicas (BHABHA, 1999), que possuem efeito de verdade, embora estrábicas e redutoras, tais figuras vivem em um “exílio ontológico” (OUELLET, 2013), que se relaciona à “ausência ou estreitamento de seu espaço de existência ou de seu campo de pertencimento”. Ao se descartarem critérios de ordem de valor, com nítida tendência hierarquizante, rejeitando-se posições dicotômicas, maniqueístas, propõe-se avaliar como a literatura pode promover/ou não o exercício da alteri-dade ao desconstruir/ratificar estereótipos geralmente associados a tais figuras.
Analysis of Granger casuality between gold and selected financial assets
Authors: Mamcarz Katarzyna
Published: October 2020

Gold belongs among the assets which show low or negative correlations with the markets for fundamental financial assets, and can serve as an alternative form of capital investment. Therefore, it becomes material to assess the impact of these markets on the gold market (prices), and the correlations existing between them. Investors’ decisions to allocate capital in these markets determine the kind and direction of causation between the assets in question. The aim of this article is to assess the causality between the rates of return on investments in gold and in the following assets: stocks, bonds, and real estate, represented by the corresponding market indices. The research covered the period 1997-2018. The analysis employed the VAR model to test linear Granger (non)causality and the variance decomposition. Apart from two cases of unidirectional causality, i.e. from bond returns to gold, and from gold returns to real estate, no other types of causality occurred, which except for these cases, implies that changes in gold prices did not impact on investors’ decisions of engaging capital on other analyzed markets, and vice versa.
Anseios e devaneios: a memória social envolta ao progresso de legalização da maconha para fins medicinais no Brasil
Authors: Elias Josemar da Silva Junior , Oliveira Bernardina Maria Juvenal Freire de , Barbosa Maria Nilza Rosa
Published: October 2020

RESUMO Reflete sobre o histórico da criminalização do uso da maconha abordando aspectos culturais e jurídicos, através de uma linha tênue entre a informação e a memória. Aponta alguns registros de proibição da planta, pontuando como a memória social foi construída em torno de uma atmosfera proibicionista e repressiva ao uso da droga e como isso reverberou por longos anos. Frisa como a onda de proibicionismo e repressão contribuiu para a construção de uma memória social preconceituosa e descriminatória. Elenca os principais avanços advindos com a chegada do século vinte e um, e os principais marcadores históricos nesta caminhada, assim como enfatiza a mudança da conjuntura social no tocante ao seu ponto de vista em relação à questão da legalização da maconha para fins medicinais, concluindo que, é necessário ainda muita luta e resistência para que os avanços sejam realizados de modo a abranger todas as camadas sociais de forma efetiva.
Entre bibliófilos e bibliodetetives: dinâmicas de objeto e valor, questões de informação
Authors: Melo Kelly Castelo Branco da Silva , Ribeiro Leila Beatriz
Published: October 2020

RESUMO O presente artigo pressupõe que a literatura policial, como gênero literário e modo de registro e expressão de experiências (ficcionais), possibilita a análise/interpretação e representação de determinadas práticas colecionistas e de quadros de referências sócio-históricos. Como um desdobramento de estudos sobre bibliofilia, o artigo toma como campo empírico cinco romances policiais escritos pelo norte-americano John Dunning, e,por meio da leitura analítica desses livros, propõe teórica e metodologicamente identificar e observar as questões informacionais que permeiam/emergemdas dinâmicas de valor encontradas nas tramas.O fluxo dos livros enquanto mercadorias e objetos de coleção, e o seu transitar para dentro e para fora da situação mercadológica, resultam da convergência complexa de aspectos sociais, temporais e culturais. Sendo assim, o artigo se volta para os processos de (des)valorização de livros, visando neles elucidar o que é possível depreender do universo bibliófilo, e o que, nesse universo ficcional, constitui e representa práticas informacionais utilizadas por/em um universo colecionista não ficcional.
Study of Ultrasonic Attenuation and Thermal Conduction in Bimetallic Gold/Platinum Nanofluids
Authors: Verma Alok Kumar , Yadav Navneet , Singh Shakti Pratap , Dey Kajal Kumar , Singh Devraj , Yadav Raja Ram
Published: October 2020

Here, we report the frequency dependent ultrasonic attenuation of monometallic gold and bimetallic gold/platinum based aqueous nanofluids (NFs). The as-synthesised bimetallic NFs (BMNFs) revealed less resistance to ultrasonic waves compared to the monometallic NFs. Thermal conductivity of both NFs taken at different concentrations revealed substantial conductivity improvement when compared to the base fluid, although gold/platinum showed lesser improvement compared to gold. Characterisation of the as-synthesised nanoparticles (NPs) and fluids was carried out with X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The distinct two-phase bimetallic nature of gold/platinum, its two plasmonic band optical absorption features and the spherical morphology of the particles were shown. The findings were correlated with the observed thermal and ultrasonic behaviour and proper rationalisation is provided. It was revealed that the comparatively lesser thermal conductivity of gold/platinum had direct implication on its attenuation property. The findings could have important repercussions in both industrial applications and in the mechanistic approach towards the field of ultrasonic attenuation in NFs.
Treatments to improve the aeolian sand foundation in solar park construction
Authors: Xie Xiaosong , Zhu Haijun , Xiao Jianhua , Zhao Hui , Chen Can , Yao Zhengyi
Published: October 2020

The aeolian sand in the Mohammad bin Rashid Al Maktoum (MBR) Solar Park Phase IV Project site in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, is cohesionless, uniformly graded, non-plastic fine sand, with high permeability, low shear strength and low bearing capacity, which are properties that cause many geotechnical and structural challenges. With aeolian sand used as backfill soil, sandstone and sabkha (gatch, gypsum) excavated during field levelling were used as sand fixation material to improve the aeolian sand foundation. In a field compaction test, the compaction method, moisture content, paving thickness, number of rolling passes, backfill layer deformation, compaction coefficient and California bearing ratio were analysed to summarise the technological aspects of the compaction process. Rolling greatly improved the aeolian sand foundation, achieving the required capacity for various projects. The surface layer was stabilised by sandstone–gatch, which had the strongest resistance to wind erosion. By contrast, the resistance of the sandstone–gypsum layer to wind erosion was moderate, and that of the sandstone layer was weak. The experiments used to improve the aeolian foundation in this study can be applied to similar desert areas on the Arabian Peninsula and in North Africa.
İlköğretim 2. Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Kelime Servetini Zenginleştirme Üzerine Deneysel Bir Çalışma
Authors: ÇEVİK Arzu , TOSUNOGLU Mesiha
Published: October 2020

Bu çalışma, ilköğretim ikinci sınıf öğrencilerinin deyim öğrenebileceği düşünülerek hazırlanmıştır. Ana dili öğretiminde, kelime ve deyim öğretimi için çoğunlukla geleneksel yöntemler kullanılmaktadır. Geleneksel yöntemlerin dışında yöntem ve tekniklerle deyimlerin erken yaşlarda öğrenilebileceği varsayımından hareketle görseller ve tahkiyeli metinler aracılığıyla ilköğretim ikinci sınıf öğrencilerine deyim öğretme çalışmanın amacını oluşturmuştur. Bu amaçla deneysel yöntem tercih edilerek Kırıkkale ili Merkez ilçesinde rastgele seçilen bir okulun ikinci sınıf öğrencilerinden deney ve kontrol grubu oluşturulmuştur. Çalışmada programda yer alan “Dünyamız ve Uzay” teması ile alakalı 15 deyim ve “Hayvanlar”ın yer aldığı 15 deyim Metin Yurtbaşı‟nın “Deyimler Sözlüğü”nden seçilmiştir. Bu deyimlerin bilinip bilinmediğini belirlemek için ön test uygulanmıştır. Ön test sonucunda öğrencilerin deyimleri bilmedikleri ortaya çıkmıştır. Bir derste beş deyim öğretileceği planlanarak 6 metin yazılmıştır. Bu metinler için uzman görüşü alınmıştır. Seçilen deyimler deney grubunda kullanılmak üzere bir uzman tarafından deyimin anlamına ve hikâyede geçtiği duruma uygun olarak resmedilmiştir. Deney grubunda görseller ve hikâyeler aracılığı ile öğretim yapılırken kontrol grubunda geleneksel yöntem izlenmiştir. Çalışma sonunda ikinci sınıf düzeyindeki öğrencilerin deyim öğrenebildiği ortaya çıkmıştır. Görsellerin kullanıldığı deney grubunda öğrenme yüzdesi çok yüksektir. Bu çalışma ile kelime öğretimine başlandığı andan itibaren deyim de öğretilebileceği ortaya konmuştur. Kelime ve deyim öğretiminde kullanılan teknik ve tekrarın önemli olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Amplification and Pooling v1
Authors: Aron Franziska , Brandt Guido
Published: October 2020

This protocol describes the amplification procedure of dual-indexed double-stranded DNA libraries, for shotgun Illumina sequencing. It is typically used for libraries indexed using the following protocol: (https://dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bakticwn)
Vivarium Population Spenser: Mortality protocol v1
Authors: Rangel Smith Camila , Hosseini Kasra
Published: October 2020

Description of the steps followed by Vivarium Population Spenser library when running the Mortality module.
Vivarium Population Spenser: Fertility protocol v1
Authors: Rangel Smith Camila
Published: October 2020

Description of the steps followed by Vivarium Population Spenser library when running the Fertility module.
Vivarium Population Spenser: Internal migration module v1
Authors: Rangel Smith Camila , Hosseini Kasra
Published: October 2020

Description of the steps followed by Vivarium Population Spenser library when running the Internal migration module.
SPRI bead mix v1
Authors: Jolivet Philippe , W. Foley Joseph
Published: October 2020

This protocol describes the preparation of stocks and buffers for inexpensive, convenient, and scalable DNA and RNA purification from aqueous solutions by solid-phase reversible immobilization (SPRI) on carboxylated paramagnetic beads. It also describes how to validate the effectiveness of the mixes before use. The bead mixes described in this protocol are drop-in substitutes for AMPure XP and RNAClean XP beads (Beckman Coulter), but at about 1/100 of the cost (~$0.55/mL vs. $15–$70/mL at current Canadian prices).
Heat Exchange Modeling in Cooling Fins
Authors: Vasil'ev Evgeniy N.
Published: October 2020

The article discusses the process of heat exchange of a finned wall with a coolant. The temperature field in the wall volume was determined on the basis of a numerical solution of the two-dimensional heat conduction problem, and the analysis of the characteristics of temperature distributions was carried out according to the simulation results. The values of the heat transfer coefficient of cooling fins with rectangular cross section were calculated for two variants of heat transfer conditions at the end of the fins in a wide range of dimensionless parameters. The error in calculating the heat transfer coefficient in the approximation of a thin fin was determined by means of a one-dimensional computational model
Expresión diferencial de la proteína LRBA en los linfocitos B vírgenes y de memoria humanos
Authors: Trujillo Vargas Claudia Milena , Madrid Gallego Melissa , Restrepo Moreno Paula Andrea
Published: October 2020

La deficiencia de LRBA (Lipopolysaccharide-responsive and beige-like anchor protein), es una inmunodeficiencia primaria causada por una expresión defectuosa de la proteína intracelular LRBA, debido a mutaciones, homocigotas y heterocigotas compuestas, en el gen correspondiente. Los pacientes con esta inmunodeficiencia muestran un amplio espectro de manifestaciones clínicas que incluyen, principalmente, inmunodeficiencia y autoinmunidad. La deficiencia de LRBA se asocia con una disminución del recuento de linfocitos B (LB) de memoria con cambio de isotipo en sangre periférica y plasmablastos, y una respuesta defectuosa de anticuerpos específicos, así como un defecto en la apoptosis y la autofagia. En este estudio se evaluó la expresión diferencial intracelular de la proteína LRBA en los LB vírgenes y de memoria de sangre periférica humana, bajo diferentes condiciones por citometría de flujo. Evidenciamos que los LB de memoria presentan una mayor expresión de LRBA; por otra parte, demostramos que la expresión de esta proteína en los LB aumenta considerablemente en condiciones de activación; sin embargo, la magnitud del incremento en la expresión de LRBA bajo esta condición es mayor en los LB vírgenes. En contraste, evidenciamos que la expresión de esta proteína disminuye en LB sometidos a apoptosis, aunque aún en estas condiciones, es mayor en LB de memoria. Estos hallazgos sugieren que LRBA juega un papel importante en el desarrollo de la memoria inmunológica humoral.
Modulare Versuchsanlage für ein industrielles DC-Netz
Authors: Warkentin Slavi , Austermann Johann , Borcherding Holger
Published: October 2020

In diesem Beitrag wird das Konzept einer Versuchsanlage für industrielle   Gleichspannungsnetze vorgestellt indem alle Geräteüber ein gemeinsames Gleichspannungsnetz  gekoppelt sind. In einem Echtzeit-Modell, umgesetzt in Matlab/Simulink, werden Sollwerte der Drehzahl- und Drehmomentenverläufe berechnet und mittels Feldbus an die jeweiligen Lastantriebswechselrichterübermittelt. Dadurch ergeben sich an der Welle nicht nur reale mechanische Größen, sondern auch die sich im Gleichspannungsnetz einstellenden Ströme entsprechen denen einer realen Anlage. Somit kann beispielsweise untersucht werden, wie sich eine von AC- auf DC-Netz umgerüstete Produktionsmaschine verhalten würde, ohne diese bauen zu müssen. Weiterhin können die Auswirkungen von  Speichereinbindungen und Netzstörungen realitätsnah untersucht werden.
Fractal rectenna for collecting energy in the Wi-Fi range
Authors:   Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Smirnov Andrey V. , Gorbachev Iliya A. ,   Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Gorbunova Alena V. ,   Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Fionov Alexander S. ,   Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kolesov Vladimir V. ,   Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kuznetsova Iren E. ,   Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: October 2020

Evaluation of the results of modeling a fractal rectenna by the finite element method, with consideration of the central 5 GHz. Directional diagrams are plotted. The simulation results are compared with a sample of a real antenna created on the basis of calculations. The possibility of using the developed fractal rectenna for collecting electromagnetic energy of new generation Wi-Fi networks is shown.
Digital Financial Assets: Problems and Prospects of Legal Regulation
Authors: Rozhdestvenskaya T. E. , Guznov A. G.
Published: October 2020

The emergence and diffusion of digital assets, especially cryptocurrencies, necessitated their legal regulation. The paper investigates the main approaches to the legal regulation, which is already implemented in the Civil Code of the Russian Federation and other federal laws. Particular attention is paid to the novelties of the legal regulation that have been envisaged in the draft Federal Law “On Digital Financial Assets.” The draft Federal Law is being currently debated in the State Duma of the Russian Federation. The paper analyses in detail the concept of digital financial assets as a specific type of digital rights. The author also compares the concepts of uncertified securities and non-cash money. The author investigates the issues of digital financial assets issuance and peculiarities of their circulation. The paper substantiates the requirements applied to information systems and their operators included into the draft law in compliance with which the issue of digital financial assets is carried out.
International Legal Personality and Criminal Proceedings in the Context of Digitalisation
Authors: Antonovich E. K.
Published: October 2020

Digitalization is becoming commonplace so rapidly that currently even criminal proceedings are being investigated in the context of possibility of their transition to electronic format. The paper investigates the issues not only about the use of IT-technologies and their role in individual investigative actions and about the place of electronic evidence in the list of evidence, but also about an electronic criminal case. It is known that almost any criminal case cannot proceed without evidence provided by witnesses. This necessitates the reform of the procedure applied to interrogate participants in criminal proceedings, as well as the recording of these interrogations. Such novelties are important both in terms of creating conditions for admissibility and, accordingly, reliability of evidence and in terms of guaranteeing respect for the rights and legitimate interests of persons involved in criminal proceedings. The same applies to other investigative activities that resort to IT-technologies. The national legislations of modern states create their own standards for investigative actions using digital technologies. However, all of this is of particular interest when it comes to international cooperation. The paper on the basis of the analysis of the Russian legislation explains the concept of legal personality and international legal personality. The laws of some foreign countries are also investigated. The paper also examines the issues of normative regulation of the use of digital technologies in some investigative actions including remote examination and deposit of a witness’s testimony in the framework of the provision of legal assistance in criminal matters.
The Mechanism of a Traffic Accident Involving an Unmanned Vehicle: Statement of the Problem
Authors: Chuchaev A. I. , Malikov S. V.
Published: October 2020

The paper attempts to make a model mechanism of a traffic accident involving an unmanned vehicle to solve a number of criminological, criminal-legal and criminalistic problems using the characteristics of the traffic crime mechanism available in theory. Its elements (vehicle, information system and situation) are highlighted, the contents are disclosed, the role of each of them in the etiology of a transport accident is shown. It is noted that the personal factor is not included in the mechanism of a traffic accident; this must be taken into account when criminalizing the corresponding act, which consists not in violating traffic rules, but in low-quality special software. It is stated that in the mechanism of a transport accident, the information system is of fundamental importance, combining the role of both the driver and the information system itself, which is necessary to ensure the safe functioning of a mechanical vehicle. Because of this, it is not necessary to study the reliability of the information system, but the impact of information support on the safety of a highly automated vehicle. Of particular importance is the problem of the so-called uncertainty characterizing the state of the information system. The authors determine the ways of further research of the mechanism under consideration based on the so-called security threat map for the operation of an unmanned vehicle in the context of possibility of interference in their work from the outside (In the software system, by affecting the road infrastructure, etc.).
“Digital” Competencies of Lawyers: Concept, Practice, Problems of Formation
Authors: Ershova I. V. , Enkova E. E.
Published: October 2020

The paper attempts to comprehend the competencies of lawyers for the digital economy. The concepts of competencies, their various understandings and interpretations are given. The authors express their reasoned opinion about the significant advantages of the competency-based approach to education over the traditional one. The authors conclude that, among other things based on the results of the original sociological study, the competency-based approach is an objective trend in modern education, mainly supported by students, business and academic community. A review of the main approaches to the classification of competencies is carried out. The results of the authors’ questionnaire are given, indicating poor awareness among undergraduate and graduate students regarding the basic competencies of lawyers for the digital economy, as well as the sources of their regulation. The factors that impede the formation of these competencies among students are identified. The characteristic of the basic provisions of the educational standards of undergraduate and graduate studies is given, containing requirements for the formation of competencies of lawyers in the digital economy. The authors give suggestions on the modernization of these standards, taking into account the need for lawyers to create “digital” competencies. The role of educational literature in the process of their formation and assessment of development is shown.
Influence of Consequentialism and Ethics of Debt on the Formation of Constitutional and Legal Institutions in the Ara of Consumption
Authors: Likhter P. L.
Published: October 2020

The paper is devoted to the analysis of the influence of two ethical theories that emerged in ancient Greece—the consequentialism and the ethics of debt—on contemporary institutions of the State and the law. The author presents a short historical survey concerning differences in approaches to the hierarchy of human needs in the teachings of Aristippus, Epicurus, Plato, Aristotle and other thinkers. The paper investigates some aspects of the teachings of ancient philosophers concerning the balance between realization of individual’s desires nd his political and legal life. Based on the comparison of the consequential concepts (hedonism, epicureanism, utilitarianism) and Plato and Aristotle ethical approaches, the author concludes that the latter are instrumentally significant. Their ideas of the common good and the golden middle, combined with the pursuit of such values as justice, moderation, empathy, trust in other members of society, can form the basis of a constitutional and legal system that unites general public. Today, the transformation of a legal strategy can only be functional if it is driven at a depth level by social reforms that, in turn, are based on the ethics of debt and are aimed at overcoming the essential risks of the consumption society.
Big Data in the Legislative Process
Authors: Zenin S. S. , Kuteynikov D. L. , Yapryntsev I. M.
Published: October 2020

The paper elucidates possible directions of the use of the big data technology in the framework of legislative activities. The authors determine essential characteristics of the big data technology, which act as a prerequisite for its implementation in the field of public administration. The authors describe the existing practices of implementation of this technology in the field of jurisprudence. Taking into account the well-established processes of using big data in the private sector, the authors evaluate the prospects of using this experience in the process of developing regulatory legal acts, including their correlation with specific stages of the legislative process. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of individualized regulation and granular norms, as well as to the grounds and features of the use of microdirectives as a result of the use of big data in rules of law formation. In conclusion, the authors enumerate a number of problematic aspects (the problem of legal certainty, ensuring the principle of equality), which are exacerbated by the use of the big data technology in legislative activities, and substantiate application of a number of additional requirements that help to minimize these threats.
Features of the Formation of the Will of Joint-Stock Companies Subsidiaries with Predominant State Participation (The Case of Russian Railways)
Authors: Chugunova K. Yu.
Published: October 2020

In the paper, the author examines the independence of joint-stock companies subsidiaries with predominant state participation in decision-making through the prism of the practice of building corporate governance at JSC 'Russian Railways'. The author sets the task to study the limits of participation of the main company in the formation of the will of the management bodies of a subsidiary company using the example of one of the largest Russian joint-stock companies with state participation. The author concludes that the parent company has virtually unlimited powers in determining the subsidiary's decisions, which is generated by the broad approach of the legislator to the definition of the subsidiary. For the first time, the paper identifies two independent forms of determining the decisions of a subsidiary by the main company, which are actively used in practice, but without direct consolidation at the legislative level. They are as follows: the direction to the subsidiaries by the main company of draft local regulations subject to approval by the management bodies of the subsidiary; and issuance by the parent company of instructions for voting at the annual general meeting and the meeting of the board of directors of the subsidiary. The author notes that under the conditions of unlimited powers of the parent company when determining the decisions of the subsidiary company there is the risk of transformation of subsidiaries of joint-stock companies with predominant state participation into nominal structures not interested in high-quality corporate governance, blindly fulfilling the will of the parent company. The material presented in the paper can be used both in further scientific research when studying the issue of independence of subsidiaries of joint-stock companies with predominant state participation, and by practicing lawyers working in joint-stock companies with state participation and their subsidiaries, as well as by state bodies participating in the improvement of corporate law.
Democracias constitucionais em crise: mapeando as estratégias institucionais que levam à erosão democrática
Authors: Paulino Lucas Azevedo
Published: October 2020

O presente artigo tem o propósito de compreender o estado da arte da literatura sobre o recente fenômeno de erosão democrática em regimes constitucionais democráticos pelo mundo, que tem sido estudado em pesquisas comparadas do direito constitucional e da ciência política, a fim de mapear quais estratégias institucionais representam o declínio incremental da qualidade desses regimes rumo ao autoritarismo. Em primeiro lugar, será analisado o conceito de democracia liberal em crise presente nessa literatura. Em segundo lugar, os dois modos como as democracias podem acabar: o rápido, colapso autoritário; e o lento, erosão democrática. Em terceiro lugar, buscar-se-á identificar as medidas constitucionais, legais e políticas que podem ser tomadas por uma autoridade eleita e/ou seu partido político para subverter as instituições democráticas, concentrar poder em seu favor e reduzir as chances de grupos opositores, enfraquecendo o pluralismo.
About ascending degenerations in the brainstem and descending in the spinal cord (after damage to the lateral part of the brain between the occipital foramen and atlant)
Authors: Sukhanov S. A.
Published: October 2020

Among the new ways of coloring the nervous tissue, which gave us a lot of new facts and partly contributing to the changes in our previous information about the course of fibers in the central nervous system, is the Marchi method, which is very common at the present time, due to its extreme convenience and simplicity in defining degeneration nerve fibers.
Research of the central beginnings and endings of the accessory nerve (N. accessorius Willisii)
Authors: Osipov V. P.
Published: October 2020

Starting at the end of the 16th century (Volcherus Goiter - 1573) and up to our time, about sixty authors studied the accessory nerve, partly dedicating special work to it, partly giving their views on the course and ending of this nerve in the textbooks of anatomy and histology published by them. Such persistence in the study of the accessory nerve is explained by the duality of its central beginnings and endings, that is, its origin both from the oblong and from the spinal cord. Already with a rough anatomical examination, it is clear that part of the roots emerging from the lower part of the medulla oblongata, not reaching the foramen jugulare of the skull, joins the nerve trunk, which runs along the lateral surface of the spinal cord and is formed by the connection of the roots emerging from the lateral brain. This common nerve trunk, emerging from the cranial cavity through the foram. jugulare and consisting of N. accessorius vagi and N. accessorius spinalis, received the name N. accessorius Willissi, named after Thomasa Willisa (1682) who described it. After exiting the foramen jugulare, the nerve gives a thin v-point (ramus internus according to Heihendainy) to the plexus ganglioformis n. vagi, and another, thick branch, is sent to the muscles (m. sternocleido-mastoideus). Thus, without the help of a microscope, a close connection between the XI and X pairs of cranial nerves is visible. To this, it must be added that the roots of the XI nerve, emerging from the lower sections of the medulla oblongata, produce the impression of the lower roots of the X nerve, and only their entry into the common trunk of the accessory nerve forces them to be referred to it. Heidenhain, using a physiological method, proved the connection between the accessory nerve and the vagus: he pulled out the accessory nerve in rabbits on the neck and after a few days after the operation did not receive the usual slowing of heartbeats with irritation of the vagus nerve; From this, the author concludes that the retarding heartbeat fibers of the vagus nerve receive an additional one through the ramus internus. Further, the author comes to the conclusion that the fibers of the accessory nerve, which delay the heartbeat, originate from the medulla oblongata. To confirm this view, Heidenhain cites experiments in which he, during artificial respiration of an animal, provided a cut of the medulla oblongata at the apex of the pen (calamus scriptorius) and below; with a slowdown of artificial respiration in the first case, a slowdown of the heartbeat was obtained, and in the second it did not work. Finally, in rabbits, after the accessory nerve was torn out, the laryngeal paralysis was as clearly expressed as after the X nerve was cut; food got into the respiratory tract, and the animals died from pneumonia, which usually began with the upper lobes).
Influence of music and color spectrum on the nervous system of humans and animals
Authors: Dogel I.
Published: October 2020

Several years ago, I published articles in Russian and German languages about the influence of music on humans and animals. Then, in 1897, I again published in Russian The Influence of Music on Man and Animals. In this 2nd edition there is a more detailed description of the structure of the auditory organ, the human larynx and the hearing aid of some animals; a few remarks about notation, about more well-known musical instruments, about the meaning of music in educational, medical and social relations.
Bratz. Zur Opiumbehandlung der Fpilepsie nach Flechsig. — Allg. Zeitschr, f. Psychiat. Bd. 54, pg. 208—220
Authors: Idelson G.
Published: October 2020

Opinions about the success rate of epilepsy treatment by the Flechsig method are different, in part even opposite. For 200 cases described, 8 deaths are noted, which should be partly attributed to the named method of treatment. The author used Flechsig's treatment in 43 patients and came to the following results.
Chronicle and mix
Authors: Maevsky M. M.
Published: October 2020

- On January 20 of this year, the Kazan City Duma considered the petition of the director of the Kazan District Hospital for the mentally ill on the concession of city land in the amount of 750 square meters. soot. in return for the hospital, which is to move away from the gardens of the hospital, a construction on this part of the road, as well as the sale of 25 acres of pasture land beyond the Kazanka River for the needs of the hospital. Both petitions of the director of the Asylum Duma were rejected. Administrators of the hospital should perhaps assertively and energetically defend their interests, as there is a more general issue in connection with the disruption of the above-mentioned applications, which has long been raised and urgent, the question of the urgent and urgent need for the expansion of the all the while, it is very difficult for the sick.
Report on the activities of the society of neuropathologists and psychiatrists at the imperial Kazan University for 1897
Authors: Vorotynsky B. I.
Published: October 2020

By this year, the Society begins the seventh year of its activity, which in the past year was expressed in the following. In 1897, the Society had 8 meetings; including 1 year, 1 emergency and 6 regular. In the next scientific posts, 14 messages were sent on the following subjects: 1) V.P. Kovalevskiy. The volume of changes in the nerve cells of the intervertebral nodes during irritation of the peripheral nerves. 2) M.M. Maevskiy. A case of epidemic insanity on religious grounds. 3) K. A. Arnstein. Remembrance of the volume by I. Kh. Akerblom. 4) V.I. Zhestkov. A case of hysterical aphasia. 5) N.E. Grinstein. To the innervations of the bladder. 6) N.N. Poroshin. The volume of changes in the automatic nerve nodes of the heart under the influence of chloroform. 7) N.M. Popov. A case of erythrophobia. 8) E.A. Genika. Folie deux case. 9) H. M. Popov. To casuistic traumatic neuroses. 10) P.A.Mislavskiy. About bilateral conduction in nerves. 11) K.A. Arnstein. Experience in the taxonomy of nerve endings. 12) D.V. Polumordvinov. Method of coloring Nissl'evskih tel. 13) I.M.Dogel. About the influence of music on the nervous system of man and animals. 14) M. M. Maevskiy. Demonstration of the epileptic brain. In addition, in the last year of D.V. Polumordvinov uttered a rch under the title: "Our information about the processes that lie in the basis of the active state of the nerves".
Priv.-docent V.A.Muratov. Clinical lectures on nervous diseases of children. -Moscow. 1898; price 1 r. 25 k
Authors: Vorotynskiy B. I.
Published: October 2020

At children's age, nervous diseases often manifest themselves differently than in adults, they do not have a peculiar course, and in general, by the nature of the clinical picture, they sometimes largely deviate from the type that we are used to observing in adults. Some of the forms of nervous diseases of childhood age, in their ethiology, in their development, course and outcomes, are so different from similar forms in adults that they certainly deserve a special description and special analysis, as the clinical study of such forms can spill over into many nerves. in general, and to find out the pathology of especially confused, unclear and atypical cases of nervous diseases in adults. From this point of view, the study of nervous diseases of childhood deserves special attention and is of great interest both in theoretical and in practical relations. Of the Russian neuropathologists, V.A.Muratov was the first to deal with the special nervous pathology of childhood, and in this direction he had already published a lot of interesting and instructive observations.
Dr. V. V. Muravyov. Nerve cell in normal and pathological state (Russian archive of pathology, clinical medical and bacteriology. 1898, December)
Authors: Tsvetaev A. A.
Published: October 2020

Dr. Muraviev examines the structural features of the nerve cell in its normal and pathological state, using the Nissl stain. According to the author, our knowledge of the structure of the cell in the normal state can currently serve as the basis for pathological observations.
Experimental research of the memory of sound impressions
Authors: Girshberg N.
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this work is to explore memory in relation to the pitch, depending on the different time intervals that flow between the two compared tones. Just as many other conditions affect the memory of tones, such as: duration, position and intensity of the tone, the absolute difference of the compared tones, individual characteristics and skill of the studied, then all these conditions must be made constant, the same must be changed at the same time, it must research.
Prof. D-r Н. Oppenheim. Lehrbuch der Nervenkrankheiten für Aerzte und Studirende. Mit 287 Abbildungen. Zweite wesentlich vermehrte Auflage. Berlin, 1893. Pr. M. 23
Authors: Vorotynskiy B. I.
Published: October 2020

Published by the second German edition (the first edition was published in 1894), the guidance of prof. The Oppenheim on Nervous Diseases is currently one of the most extensive and complete since the Gowers' leadership.
Dr. S. Sukhanov. Contribution à l'étude des modifications des cellules nerveuses de l'écorce cerébrale dans l'anemie expérimentale. —Journal de neurologie. Avril, 1898
Authors: Yanishevskiy A.
Published: October 2020

Over the past time, a large number of works have appeared aimed at studying the finest structure of nervous cells in various physiological and pathological states. These studies gave impetus mainly to the Nissl method, which allowed to penetrate a little deeper into the structure of the body of the cell.
Prof. V.M.Bekhterev. Further observation of the fear of blushing. - Review of psychiatry, neurology and experimental psychology. No. 5. 1898
Authors: Yanishevskiy A.
Published: October 2020

The author cites one more case of erythrophobia related to women. The diagnosis of the disease is based on letters from abroad to the author, where the patient pours out all the bitterness of her existence from the inability to appear anywhere in people, so as not to experience an immediate attack of fear, because of which there is a reddening.
Ophthalmoplegia with periodic raising and lowering of the upper eyelid and with a kind of visual illusion
Authors: Bekhterev V. M.
Published: October 2020

If we now cast a general glance at the phenomena observed in our patient, then we will be convinced that she has damage to a number of cranial nerves on the left, namely all of the eye (in the first period of the disease), facial, trigeminal, visual and even olfactory. In addition, there is a defeat on the same side n. hypoglossi and glossopharyngei.
The second epidemic of hysterical convulsions in the Podolsk district, Moscow province
Authors: Genik E. A.
Published: October 2020

On Sunday, January 18, 1898, there was a wedding: Varvara D-va, a peasant from the village of Synkovo, Dobryatinskaya volost, Podolsk district, married to Ivan K-va, a peasant from the village of Romantsevo, Molodinskaya volost, Podolsk district. The event ended with a feast, which was attended by up to 20 guests, and during the day and night they drank 21/2 buckets of vodka ("sivukhi"). According to the assurances of young relatives, despite a fair amount of drunk, there were no drunks.
F. С. Facklam. Beitrag zur Lehre vom Wesen der Huntington’schen Chorea. Archiv für Psych. 1898; pg. 137—204
Authors: Idelson G.
Published: October 2020

The author analyzes in detail Huntington's chorea based on rich literature and 8 own observations. In one case, the author was also able to study the central nervous system, peripheral nerves and individual muscles, and interesting results were obtained.
D. Е Jacobson. Ueber die Pathologie des Delirium tremens. Allg. Zeitschr, f. Psych Bd. 54. 1898
Authors: Idelson G.
Published: October 2020

A fever occurs only in chronic alcoholics. The reason for her appearance is unknown. It is attributed to various circumstances (emotional excitement, frequent excesses or sudden abstinence from alcohol, acute illnesses, pneumonia, trauma).
W. von Bechterew. Bewusstsein und Hirnlocalisation. Rede gehalten auf der allgemeinen Versammlung des VI. Kongresses russischer Ärzte zur Erinnerung an. N. J. Pirogoff. Deutsch R. von Weinberg. Leipzig. 1898
Authors: Yanishevskiy A.
Published: October 2020

The appearance of the translation into the German language of the work of prof. V. M. Bekhtereva "On the localization of conscious activity in animals and humans" should be noted because the named work is of great interest not only for a specialist, but also for anyone interested in experimental psychology - even more that its presentation is generally available.
Animating the Real: Illusions, Musicality and the Live Dancing Body
Authors: Read Jo
Published: October 2020

Animation film frequently uses dance and choreography as part of explicit scenes to help assist with and compliment the narrative. Although animators frequently acknowledge relationships between dance and animation, scarcely any scholarly work considers how animated film principles are used and applied within live dance performances. Additionally, although many scholars discuss the relationship between live dance and music and similarly animation and music, rarely has the collision of all three been scrutinized. In this article, I draw upon principles from animation film and choreomusical scholarship to show a complex relationship between the real and the pretend in a solo street dance performance. Based on detailed movement analysis of a short solo dance performance by Isaac "Turbo" Baptiste, I discuss the ways that moving image can influence live dancing bodies and create endless possibilities for choreomusical play.