bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Theoretical designing of novel quad-rotor-shaped non-fullerene acceptor materials with proficient photovoltaic characteristics for organic solar cells
Authors: Yasmeen Fareeha , Alvi Muhammad Usman , Alvi Yusra , Khan Dr. Muhammad Usman , Yaqoob Junaid , Hussain Dr. Riaz , Alam Mohammed Mujahid , Imran Muhammad
Published: January 2024

Small molecules non fullerene acceptors (NFAs) especially fused ring
electrons accepters (FREAs) are the potential agents of revolution in
organic photovoltaic devices. Fused ring core based organic solar cells
(OSCs) have been revealed high power conversion efficiency; however,
they still need further modification due to their low electron mobility.
To make better FREAs with better electron mobility and enhanced
optoelectronic properties, designing of accepter molecules through
variation of end-capped units is considered a useful strategy now a day.
Herein, an effort has been made to design and propose eight novel
quad-rotor shaped fused ring core electron accepters (QRFR-1-QRFR-8)
through modulating the four end-capped units of recently synthesized
BFTT-TN molecule having quad–rotor structure., Employing DFT and TDDFT,
optoelectronic properties of newly proposed accepter molecules have been
determined through frontier molecular orbitals (FMO) analysis, density
of states (DOS) analysis, transition density matrix (TDM), analysis of
charge transfer and compared with reference molecule (BFTT-TN as
QRFR).All the tailored molecules (QRFR-1-QRFR-8) disclose reduction in
energy gap and intensive absorption near IR region than reference QRFR
after end-capped engineering. The highest value of open circuit voltage
(Voc) with respect to HOMOPM6–LUMOacceptor is found in QRFR-6 (1.66 V)
than reference QRFR (1.63V) and comparable to reference QRFR in QRFR-8
molecule. Binding energies values of all designed molecules are found to
be better and comparable with QRFR molecule. The reorganization energies
of electron (λe) are found to be smaller than reference QRFR in all
molecules except QRFR-5 molecule. The hole reorganization energies of
QRFR-4, QRFR-8 QRFR-1, QRFR-2 are found to be less than QRFR. While λh
of QRFR 6, QRFR-7, QRFR-3 and QRFR-5 are found to be higher than QRFR.
The proposed quad-rotor shaped novel molecules have proficient hole and
electron transfer mobilities and can serve as best candidate when
blended with PM6 film. This study not only enlighten the researchers to
use end-capped group modification as successful strategy for designing
new quad-rotor shaped materials, but also provide novel materials to
experimentalist for synthesis and their potential usage in future
photovoltaic application of organic solar cell.
The effect of quadratus lumborum dry needling on improvement of maximal isometric force of gluteus medius, pain and function of patellofemoral joint in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (single-blind randomized controlled trial)
Authors: mehrabi fateme , Heshmatipour Mojtaba , Taheri Navid , Tarrahi Javad , Nejad Farnaz Almaee , Noori omidreza
Published: January 2024

Objective:To compare the effects of conventional treatment alone and
combined with quadratus lumborum(QL) dry needling on maximal isometric
force of the gluteus medius(GM), knee pain and function in patients with
patellofemoral pain syndrom(PFPS). Methods:Participants with PFPS(N=56)
were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. Both groups
received conventional physiotherapy for 6 sessions. Besides the above
intervention, the intervention group received also QL dry needling for 3
sessions. Pain (Visual analog scale), function (Kujala score) and
maximal isometric force of GM were recorded at baseline, immediately
after the first and sixth session. Analysis of variance(2groups*3times)
was used to compare within- and between-group differences. Results:At
baseline, no variable showed significant differences between groups
(P>0.05). The six-session treatment led to a significant
reduction in pain intensity and function and improvement of maximal
isometric force of GM in both groups compared to baseline and
immediately after the first session (p <0.05). There were no
significant differences in all variables between two groups after six
sessions. Conclusions:The current clinical trial suggests that QL dry
needling did not result in improved outcomes for maximal isometric force
of the GM, knee pain and function in individuals with PFPS. What is
already known about this topic? Gluteus medius dysfunction may cause
patellofemoral pain syndrome. In response to dysfunction of Gluteus
medius, Quadratus lumborum , which is the synergy of this muscle, is
prone to become overuse. muscle overuse can lead to the development of
trigger points. Subjects with patellofemoral pain syndrome have a higher
prevalence of trigger points in Quadratus lumborum causing inhibition of
Gluteus medius. What does this article add? the effects of Quadratus
lumborum dry needling were investigated among people with patellofemoral
pain syndrome. maximal isometric force of the Gluteus medius, knee pain
and function were assessed to evaluate the impact of Quadratus lumborum
dry needling.
The Relationship Between COVID-19 Suspected Patient's Coagulation and Platelet Parameters and Polimerase Chain Reaction Results
Authors: Erdem Mukadder Arslanbek , Müderrisoğlu Seçil , CUBUKCU Mahcube , Acı Recai , Türe Eda
Published: January 2024

Aim: Our aim was to investigate the relationship between
prothrombintime(PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), INR
(International Normalized Ratio) and D-dimer levels, platelet
(PLT)levels at admission to hospital and positivity or negativity of
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) result in patients with suspected
COVID-19 followed at COVID-19 services. Material and Method: 238 people
who applied with suspicion of COVID-19 in March-April-May of 2020 were
included in the study. According to COVID-19 results, PCR negative 119
participants and PCR positive 119 patients were included in the study.
PT, aPTT, Ddimer, INR and PLT levels were examined. Results: While PCR
negative participants had a mean PT value of 11.46±0.86 sec, PCR
positive patients had a mean PT value of 12.97±3.65 sec
(p<0.001). There was no significant difference in mean aPTT
values of PCR positive and negative patients. Whereas INR, D-dimer
increased significantly in PCR positive patients. PLT value decreased
from mean value of 266.75±71.36*109/L in PCR negative participants to
241.18±96.64*109/L in PCR positive patients (p=0.002). Conclusion: In
our study, it was found that in patients who were admitted to Samsun
Training and Research Hospital with COVID-19 suspicion and followed up
in COVID-19 services, PT, D-dimer, INR, PLT values were important in
detecting Coagulopathy and Thrombocytopenia in the group who were PCR
positive according to COVID-19 results. Keywords: COVID-19, PT, aPTT,
D-dimer, INR, PLT
Hematological Features and Risk Factors of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Li Jia , Liu Dongewei , Hua Chaoyang , Li Guangpu , Duan Jiayu , Liu Zhangsuo
Published: January 2024

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become pandemic in
2020 and recently mutated coronavirus has emerged in many countries.
This study firstly identified the clinical characteristics and risk
factors for COVID-19 patients in Zhengzhou for clinical prevention and
management. Methods: A total of 70 patients hospitalized with COVID-19
were enrolled between 21th January and 29th February 2020, in Zhengzhou,
China. Clinical characteristics, hematological findings, neutrophil
lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and inflammatory
index on admission were selected from medical records and the comparison
between COVID-19 patients with different outcomes were evaluated.
Results : The median age was 55 years. Forty-three (43%) patients were
classified as severe or critical cases. Eighteen (12.8%) patients died
in hospital and the remaining fifty-two were discharged. Patients who
died tend to old aged, expectoration, with chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease. Compared to survivor, non-survivor has significantly higher
leucocytes, neutrophils, NLR, AST, GGT, TBIL, DBIL, LDH, PT, D-dimer,
CRP, and decreased platelet, lymphocyte, UA, ALB, CHE, PTA. Multiple
logistic regression analysis identified leucocytes, platelet, PLR, NLR,
AST, and ALB as independent factors for poor outcomes. The AUC of
combination of leucocyte, PLR, NLR, and AST have the largest area under
curve at 0.87, with the sensitivity of 0.83 and specificity of 0.81.
Conclusion : Our results identified the risk factors among COVID-19
patients in-hospital fatality. Leucocyte, PLR, NLR, and AST could have
important reference value for prognostic prediction and early
intervention.
Cystic Urolithiasis in Dogs: A Case Report and Review of The Literature
Authors: Rana Chandrakala , Subedi Deepak , Kunwar Shanti , Neupane Rajesh , Shrestha Birendra , Khan Sharun , Singh Dinesh , Kaphle Krishna
Published: January 2024

A mildly dehydrated dog was presented at Veterinary Teaching Hospital,
Paklihawa Campus, with symptoms of urinary inconsistency, haematuria,
and inappetence. Radiography and ultrasonography revealed the presence
of calculus in the urinary bladder. Cystolithotomy was performed and the
dog responded to the intervention and recovered uneventfully.
In twin pregnancies, zinc and iron levels decreased compared to single pregnancies, while copper levels increased minimally. It is interesting.
Authors: Cikim Gurkan , Gunal Mehmet , Tok Abdullah , Kilinc Metin
Published: January 2024

Purpose: Along with the increase in the frequency of multiple
pregnancies, an increase is observed in the frequency of feto-maternal
negativities. In our study, we aimed to determine the levels of iron,
ferritin, hemoglobin, zinc, and copper in second-trimester multiparous
twin pregnants and to compare them with values in women with the same
demographic characteristics. Methods: Three groups were created in the
study; control group, single pregnancy group, and twin pregnancy group.
Venous blood samples were taken from individuals after 12 hours of
fasting. Iron, zinc, copper, and ferritin levels were measured. Results:
Compared with the control group, the Fe, Ferritin, and Zn values of the
individuals in the single and twin pregnancy groups were statistically
low while Cu levels were significantly high (p<0.05). Also,
when compared with individuals in a single pregnancy group, a
statistically significant decrease was found in Fe, Ferritin, and Zn
levels in the twin pregnancy group (p<0.05); Although there
was a minimal increase in Cu levels, this increase was not statistically
significant. Conclusion: Since changes in trace element levels can lead
to feto-maternal adverse effects, we think that dietary habits should be
monitored, and zinc, copper, and iron levels should be followed in
pregnant women.
Cell death and changes in primary metabolism: The onset of defence in Eucalyptus in the war against Leptocybe invasa
Authors: Pinto Ismael , Sarmento Maíra , Martins Auxiliadora , Rocha João , Pinto Gloria , Araújo Wagner , Soares Amadeu , Sarmento Renato
Published: January 2024

Here we investigated changes in primary metabolism and cell death around
oviposition sites in two hybrid clones of Eucalyptus with different
degree of resistance to Leptocybe invasa Fisher & La Salle
(Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), as well as, tolerance to water deficiency. We
showed that apices of the resistant clone with oviposition had a higher
content of amino acids organic acids, and the compound putrescine, than
those of the susceptible clone with oviposition. In contrast, apices of
the resistant clone with oviposition had lower sugar content and
pyruvate organic acid content than those of the susceptible clone with
oviposition. Small areas of necrosis were induced around the oviposition
sites in the stem apices of Eucalyptus 24 h after infestation. The
resistant clone developed larger necrotic areas that showed progressive
increases 24–72 h after infestation than the susceptible clone, in
which cell death was significantly lower and no changes were observed in
necrotic area over time. Thus, the programmed death of cells around the
egg, modulated by several amino acids, is likely the first defence
response of Eucalyptus against L. invasa. Our results serve as the basis
for the early identification of key metabolites produced in plants in
defence against galling insects.
Sustainable Power Generation from Salinity Gradient by L-DOPA+TiO2 Modified RO Membrane with Pressure Retarded Osmosis
Authors: Ateş Nuray , Saki Seda , Gokcek Murat , Uzal Nigmet
Published: January 2024

In this study, specific energy potential of PRO process using
L-DOPA+TiO2 (0.5 and 1 wt%) modified BW30-LE membrane was evaluated on
synthetic and real water samples at 5, 10 and 15 bar pressures and 10°C
and 20°C and 30°C degrees. Water flux increased by improvement of the
surface hydrophilicity and increased roughness on the membrane surface
by incorporation of TiO2 nanoparticles with L-DOPA. The maximum specific
power was observed as 1.6 W/m2 for L-DOPA+1 wt% TiO2 modified BW30-LE
membrane at 15 bar pressure. Mediterranean and Aegean, Black Sea water
samples were used as draw solution and Seyhan, Ceyhan, Buyuk Menderes,
Gediz, Yesilirmak, and Kizilirmak Rivers were used as feed solution. The
highest osmotic power density of 0.70 W/m2 was obtained by using
BW30-LE/L-DOPA+1 wt% TiO2 membrane with the Ceyhan River-Mediterranean
Sea couple at 10 bar pressure at 30 ± 5°C.
Diagnostic performance of serial bedside Capillary Hemoglobin, Lactate and Shock index for severe postpartum hemorrhage. A Prospective Cohort Study.
Authors: Reyther Roberto Castillo , Alcocer Idelia Plata , Labastida Salvador De la Maza , Fonseca Ma. del Pilar Leal , Kway Venance
Published: January 2024

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic capacity of bedside
capillary lactate (CLact), capillary Hemoglobin (CHb), and Shock index
(SI) for severe postpartum haemorrhage (SPPH), at diagnosis 15 minutes
and 30 minutes post-diagnosis Design: A prospective cohort
study. Setting: A reference hospital in San Luis Potosi Mexico
from February 2020 to March 2021 Population: Sixty women in
vaginal labour or c-section who presented bleeding ≥500ml
Methods: SI, CLact, and CHb concentration were analyzed at
diagnosis, 15 minutes, and 30 minutes time intervals. T-test or Wilcox
test was used to compare the group of severe vs non-severe. A Receiver
Operating Curve was done to determine their cut points, Sensitivity,
specificity, and performance Main Outcome Measures: SPPH
defined as bleeding ≥2000ml measured by gravimetric method.
Results SI at the diagnosis was significantly differentiate
between severe from non-severe group (0.70 + 0.20 vs 0.90 + 0.38 P-value
0.0228) with al cut-point of 1.17 AUC of 0.76 sensitivity of 0.43 and
specificity of 0.98. A capillary lactate measurement at 30 minutes was
also significantly different between the groups (4.0 +1.90 vs 4.8 + 1.15
P-value < 0.001, with an optimal cut point of 4.3 mmol/dl at
AUC 0.75, sensitivity 0.85, and specificity of 0.62. Capillary
haemoglobin was not able to significantly differentiate the groups
Conclusions: Shock index is an early sign of severe
haemorrhage; Capillary lactate can significantly identify severe
haemorrhage after 30 min. Capillary haemoglobin is not an early detector
of severe haemorrhage.
Utility and safety of skin tests in drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS): a systematic review
Authors: Teo Ying Xin , Friedmann Peter , Polak Marta , Ardern-Jones Michael
Published: January 2024

Background Determination of culprit drug in drug reaction with
eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is crucial. Skin tests have
been utilised, although it remains unclear how sensitive these are. We
set out to determine the value of skin tests in the assessment of drug
causality in DRESS. Methods A systematic literature search was
conducted for publications from 1996 onwards of skin tests (skin prick
test = SPT, patch test = PT, intradermal test = IDT) performed in
clearly defined DRESS cases. Outcomes of testing, drug culpability
assessments and challenge tests data were extracted. Results 17
articles met inclusion criteria. In 290 DRESS patients, patch testing
was most frequent [PT = 97.2% (n=282), IDT = 12.4% (n=36), SPT =
3.1% (n=9)]. Positive results were noted in 58.4% (n=160/282) of PT,
66.5% IDT and 25% SPT. When confidence of drug causality was high
(n=73 of 194), testing did not correlate well with clinical suspicion:
PT 37.6%; IDT 36.5% (n=19 of 52). Direct comparison of skin testing
with provocation testing (n=12) showed 83.3% correlation. Positive IDTs
were reported in 8 negative PT cases. Conclusion Skin tests,
particularly PT and IDT, have been reported as tools for diagnosis of
causal drugs in DRESS. Heterogeneity in methodology, results analysis
and reporting of cohorts, makes meta-analysis to determine sensitivity
and specificity of published literature impossible and highlights
weaknesses in the field. We propose that international collaboration is
essential to harmonise the methodology and reporting measures from
hypersensitivity testing studies in larger cohorts.
Inferior Vena Cava Collapsibility Index Can Predict Hypotension and Guide Fluid Management after Spinal Anaesthesia
Authors: ni tingting , zhou Zhen-feng , he bo , zhou Qing-he
Published: January 2024

Aim: Preoperative inferior vena cava collapsibility index (IVCCI) is
effective in evaluating the volume status. We hypothesized that
IVCCI-guided fluid management would reduce the incidence of postspinal
anaesthesia hypotension in patients undergoing non-cardiovascular,
non-obstetric surgery. Methods: A receiver operating characteristic
(ROC) curve was used to determine the diagnostic value of IVCCI for
predicting hypotension after induction of spinal anaesthesia and to
calculate the cut-off value. Based on the cut-off variation value, the
following prospective randomized controlled trial aimed to compare the
incidence of postspinal anaesthesia hypotension between the IVCCI-guided
fluid administration group and the standard fluid administration group.
Secondary outcomes included the rate of vasoactive drug administration,
the amount of fluid administered, and the incidence of nausea and
vomiting. Results: ROC curve analysis revealed that IVCCI had a
sensitivity of 83.9%, a specificity of 76.3%, and a positive
predictive value of 84% for predicting postspinal anaesthesia
hypotension at a cut-off point of >42%. The area under the
curve (AUC) was 0.834 (95% confidence interval: 0.740–0.904).
According to the cut-off variation value of 42%, the IVCCI-guided group
exhibited a lower incidence of hypotension than the standard group (9
[15.3%] vs. 20 [31.7%], P=0.032). Altogether, 11.9% of the
patients in the IVCCI-guided group and 27.0% of the patients in the
standard group required a vasoactive drug at least once (P=0.036).Total
fluid administered was lower in the IVCCI-guided group than in the
standard group (330 [0–560] mL vs. 345 [285–670] mL, P=0.030).
Prespinal ultrasound scanning of the IVCCI provides a reliable predictor
of hypotension following spinal anaesthesia at a cut-off point of
>42%. IVCCI-guided fluid management before spinal
anaesthesia can reduce the incidence of hypotension following spinal
anaesthesia.
Implications of taxonomic and numerical resolution on DNA metabarcoding-based inference of benthic macroinvertebrate responses to river restoration
Authors: Serrana Joeselle , Li Bin , Sumi Tetsuya , Takemon Yasuhiro , Watanabe Kozo
Published: January 2024

Exploring and clearly defining the level of taxonomic identification and
quantification approaches for diversity and biomonitoring studies are
essential, given its potential influence on the assessment and
interpretation of ecological outcomes. In this study, we evaluated the
response of benthic macroinvertebrate communities to the restoration or
construction of gravel bars conducted in the dam-impacted Trinity River,
with the non-dam influenced tributaries serving as the reference sites.
We aim to evaluate the performance of different taxonomic and numerical
(i.e., abundance vs. presence/absence data) resolutions of DNA
metabarcoding with consequent comparison to morphology-based
identification and how it affects assessment outcomes. DNA metabarcoding
detected 93% of the morphologically identified individuals and provided
finer taxonomic resolution. We also detected significant correlations
between morphological sample abundance, biomass, and DNA metabarcoding
read abundance. We observed a relatively high and significant congruence
in macroinvertebrate community structure and composition between
different taxonomic and numerical resolutions of both methods,
indicating a satisfactory surrogacy between the two approaches and their
varying identification levels and data transformation. Additionally, the
community-environmental association were significant for all datasets
but showed varying significant associations against the physicochemical
parameters. Furthermore, both methods identified Simulium spp. as
significant indicators of the dam-impacted gravel bars. Still, only DNA
metabarcoding showed significant false discovery rate proving the
method’s robustness compared to morphology-based identification. Our
observations imply that coarser taxonomic resolution could be highly
advantageous to DNA metabarcoding-based applications in situations where
the lack of taxonomic information, e.g., poor reference database, might
severely affect the quality of biological assessments.
Maturation of nephrons by implanting hPSC-derived kidney progenitors under kidney capsules of unilaterally nephrectomized mice
Authors: yu xin , Jiang shan , Li Kailin , Yang Xianzhen , Xu Zhihe , Du XiaoHang , Kong Feng , Zhao Shengtian
Published: January 2024

Human pluripotent stem cell -derived kidney organoids may contribute to
disease modeling and generation of kidney replacement tissues. However,
realization of such applications requires the induction of hPSCs into
functional mature organoids. One of the key questions for this process
is whether a specific vascular system exists for nephrogenesis. Our
previous study showed that implantation of hPSC-derived organoids below
the kidney capsules of unilaterally nephrectomized mice for 2 weeks
resulted in the enlargement of organoids and production of vascular
cells, although signs of maturation were lacking. In this study,
organoids are induced in vitro during 15 days and then sub-capsularly
grafted into kidneys, we used the same mice model to examine whether a 4
weeks implantation could improve organoid maturation and
vascularization, as evaluated by immunofluorescence and transmission
electron microscopy. We demonstrate that after 2–4 weeks implantation,
implanted renal organoids can form host-derived vascularization and
mature in the absence of any exogenous vascular endothelial growth
factor. Glomerular filtration barrier maturation was evidenced by
glomerular basement membrane deposition, perforated glomerular
endothelial cell development, as well as apical to basal podocyte
polarization. A polarized monolayer epithelium and extensive brush
border were also observed for tubular epithelial cells. Our results
indicate that the in vivo microenvironment is important for the
maturation of human kidney organoids. However, stromal expansion and a
reduction of nephron structures were observed following 12 weeks
implantation, suggesting effects on off-target cells during the
induction process. Accordingly, induction efficiency and transplantation
models should be improved in the future
Prediction and optimization of interlayer-interface resistance for ePTFE laminated PPS composite membrane
Authors: He Wentai , Low Ze-Xian , Feng Shasha , Zhou Qun , feng zhang , Zhong Zhaoxiang , Xing Weihong
Published: January 2024

In this work, the interfacial effect on the air resistance of the
expanded polytetrafluoroethylene/polyphenylene sulfide (ePTFE/PPS)
composite membrane was investigated experimentally and by numerical
simulation. PPS fiber melting-caused diffusion, porosity reduction in
laminating process, and turbulence effect of sudden changed airflow
direction are confirmed to be the primary causes of the additional
resistance, which occupy more than 40% of the total resistance. To
eliminate the influence of PPS fiber melting-induced pore blocking in
laminating process, the model modification parameter c and air
permeability effective coefficient (σ) were introduced based on a
digital image processing technology. A mathematical model was then
established to predict and optimize the composite membrane. The
predictions from the theoretical calculation were quantitatively in good
agreement with the experimental measurements. It was found that profiled
fiber with smaller intersection angle and diameter ratio can effectively
decrease ~86% of IIR.
A case report of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infected patient treated with infliximab
Authors: Ghatrehsamani Mahdi , Majidi Jafar , Dehkordi Ezat Shmsipoor , Babadi Akbar Soleymani , Mousavi Mohammad
Published: January 2024

Extensive immune response associated inflammation is the major reason
for the pathological outcome of COVID-19 infection. Infliximab is an
anti tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) drug that is used to reduce
inflammation through TNF-α inhibition. Inhibition of main inflammatory
cytokine such as TNF-α may has a potential effect in COVID-19 treatment.
Here, we report the clinical outcome associated with Infliximab
treatment in a 65-year-old woman with confirmed COVID-19 infection.
Infliximab therapy was started on day 9th, patient demonstrated clinical
improvement and recovery from COVID-19. Our findings suggest that the
association of TNF-α inhibition and clinical management together
contributes to COVID-19 patient survival.
YouTube as a source of information on vertigo for patients
Authors: Üstün Onur , Çekiç Erdinç
Published: January 2024

Abstract Objective: YouTube is one of the most visited social media
websites in the world with a huge database. It is used frequently for
information on diseases and symptoms. The purpose of this study is to
analyze the content and reliability of the content of videos about
vertigo on YouTube. Methods: A search was made on youtube using the
keyword “vertigo”. After the exclusion of 81 videos, the remaining 69
videos were analyzed by two independent reviewers. Video demographics,
content of videos, quality of content and reliability of information
were evaluated using total content scoring (TCS), Global Quality Scale
(GQS) and modified DISCERN for each video. A 9-point scale was used to
assess the content of videos and the videos were classified as high- and
low-content according to this scale. Results: Fourty six (66.7%) of the
videos were included in the low-content group, while 23 (33.3%) were
included in the high-content group. The mean TCS, GQS and modified
DISCERN scores of the videos were 3.42, 2.48 and 2.09, respectively.
There were significant positive correlations between GQS and total
content score (r=0.873, p<0.001), between modified DISCERN and
total content score (r=0.883, p<0.001) and between modified
DISCERN and GQS (r=0.900, p<0.001). Conclusion: The results of
this study show that the videos about vertigo currently featured on
YouTube do not contain enough informational content. Most of the videos
focus on maneuvers, and diagnosed patients may be advised to watch
certain videos to learn how to perform the maneuvers.
Genome and transcriptome variation in Aquilegia viridiflora underlies the adaptive evolution to the environment in the early stage of speciation
Authors: Zhang Wei , Wang Hua-Ying , Zhang Tengjiao , Fang Xiaoxue , Xiao Hongxing
Published: January 2024

The elucidation of adaptive evolution mechanisms in the early stage of
speciation is important for understanding the origin and evolution of
species. Aquilegia viridiflora is in the early stage of speciation, has
a wide distribution range, and shows obvious phenotypic variation among
its different populations. In this study, to analyze the adaptive
evolution mechanism of phenotypic differences in the early stages of
speciation, we analyzed the phenotypes, genomes, and transcriptomes of
different populations of A. viridiflora. Our results indicated that A.
viridiflora originated in northwestern China, and the uplift of the
northeastern Qinghai–Tibet Plateau in the late Miocene may have caused
its differentiation. Aqcoe5G459400 was a key gene in the early stage of
A. viridiflora speciation. Its expression was reduced in environments
with large temperature differences between day and night, causing A.
viridiflora to develop larger flowers and enhancing its attractiveness
to pollinators. Our research revealed the genetic basis of the adaptive
evolution of the phenotype in the early stage of speciation and provides
new evidence of the pattern of speciation via adaptative radiation in
columbine.
Vedolizumab therapy for pediatric steroid-refractory gastrointestinal acute graft-versus-host disease
Authors: Isshiki Kyohei , Kamiya Takahiro , Endo Akifumi , Okamoto Kentaro , Osumi Tomoo , Kawai Toshinao , Arai Katsuhiro , Tomizawa Daisuke , Ohtsuka Kazuo , Nagahori Masakazu , Imai Kosuke , Kato Motohiro , Kanegane HIrokazu
Published: January 2024

Vedolizumab is an immunosuppressive drug that acts locally on the
gastrointestinal tract, is mainly used for the treatment of inflammatory
bowel disease, and has been reported to be effective against
gastrointestinal acute graft-versus-host disease (GI-aGVHD) in adults.
However, there is insufficient evidence for pediatric GI-aGVHD. We used
vedolizumab in three cases of GI-aGVHD aged 1.5-4.4 years. It was
significantly effective in two cases and all cases had no serious side
effects. Vedolizumab might be effective and safe for pediatric GI-aGVHD
refractory to other treatments. Future study awaits.
Effects of Low-intensity Pulse Ultrasound on Anti-Tumor Activity of NK cells
Authors: Li Yue , Du Meng , Chen Zhiyi
Published: January 2024

Ultrasound is a non-invasive technique that has been shown to affect the
cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, and promote the
regeneration of cell. Our previous studies had proved that ultrasound
improve natural killer (NK) cells mediated ovarian cancer therapy. To
further explore the underlying mechanisms of ultrasound in NK cell and
ovarian cancer cell, both cells treated by low-intensity pulsed
ultrasound (LIPUS) and detected through ELISA analysis and western blot.
The result demonstrated that the expression of Granzyme A, Granzyme B,
perforin protein secreted by NK cells were increase. In the NK-SKOV3
co-culture system, the expression level of membrane permeability related
proteins in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway of SKOV3 cells increased. This
study presented cellular regulation in NK cells and ovarian cancer cells
after LIPUS treatment and may expand the understanding of the complex
molecular mechanism of LIPUS treatment on NK cells.
Poor oral hygiene in COVID-19 patients is a leading cause of prevalence of oral candidiasis in inpatients
Authors: AIN NOOR , SAEED talha , sajjad Saleeha
Published: January 2024

The world is under the threat of COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-COV2
since January 2020. And this pandemic has caused millions of deaths
still it is affecting the lives of many people affected by this viral
disease. The unavailability of definite treatment is a main focus to
ponder because symptomatic treatment like use of antibiotics, steroids
and oxygen therapy is also a cause of many opportunistic infections like
oral candidiasis caused by Candida Albicans and the main reasons of this
infection are the excessive use of medications which may cause drug
reaction, the continuous use of oxygen therapy and co-morbidities and
poor oral hygeine etc. which increase the length of hospital stay of
patient and also affect the quality of life of patient as patients
become dysphagic as unable to take orally due to the severity of this
opportunistic infection. This case study was done to check the
prevalence of oral candidiasis in inpatients of COVID-19 and their
possible management was done with the use of both topical as well as
systemic antifungals and this condition resolved in 5 to 7 days with the
proper management and proper maintenance of oral hygiene. Keywords:
Pandemic, opportunistic, infection, topical, systemic, hygiene
Existence and uniqueness results for Bitsadze- Samarskii type nonlocal boundary value problem for the semilinear elliptic equation
Authors: BEIGMOHAMMADI Elif Ozturk , Nashed zuhair
Published: January 2024

This paper is deal with the unique solvability of Bitsadze- Samarskii
type nonlocal boundary value (NBV) problem for the semi-linear elliptic
equation in a Hilbert space. For the approximate solution of this
problem, rst and second order of accuracy difference schemes are
presented. The convergence estimates for the solutions of these dierence
schemes are established. A numerical example illustrating the methods
described in this paper is given.
Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase and gluconeogenesis control in an anoxia-tolerant turtle, Trachemys scripta elegans
Authors: Gupta Aakriti , Varma Anchal , Storey Kenneth
Published: January 2024

The red eared slider ( Trachemys scripta elegans) undergoes
numerous changes to its physiological and metabolic processes to survive
without oxygen. During anoxic conditions, its metabolic rate drops
drastically to minimise energy requirements. The alterations in central
metabolic pathways are often accomplished by the regulation of key
enzymes. The regulation of one such enzyme, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase
(FBPase; EC 3.1.3.11), was characterized in the present study during
anoxia in liver. FBPase is a crucial enzyme of gluconeogenesis. FBPase
was purified from liver tissue in both control and anoxic conditions and
subsequently assayed to determine the kinetic parameters of the enzyme.
Studies revealed the relative degree of posttranslational modifications
in FBPase from control and anoxic turtles. Further, this study
demonstrated a significant decrease in the maximal activity in anoxic
FBPase and decreased sensitivity to its substrate
fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (FBP) when compared to the control.
Immunoblotting demonstrated increased threonine phosphorylation
(~1.4 fold) in the anoxic FBPase. Taken together these
results suggest that phosphorylation of liver FBPase is an important
step in suppressing FBPase activity ultimately leading to inhibition of
gluconeogenesis in the liver of the red eared slider during anaerobic
conditions.
Nobody is an island Embracing complex interactions in the context of comorbidities
Authors: Bock Ben de , Pieters Kees , Weinstein Henry , Willems Dick
Published: January 2024

Rationale, aims, and objectives Decision-making for patients with
comorbidity is neither an individual nor an only once matter, as it
takes place repeatedly within in a network of care providers. It is true
that in an acute phase specialists occupy a central and predominant
position, but later care providers increasingly rely on each other to
share the needs and concerns of their patients. The question this study
tries to answer is what fosters or hinders contact between healthcare
providers in the various phases of their patients’ hospitalisation.
Method Practical experiences of caregivers from different disciplines
are examined using both narrative theories and aspects of complexity
thinking. The focus is on the factors that influence the manner in which
caregivers establish and develop their relationships. Results In the
curative phase, the primary physician communicates top-down decisions
and instructions to healthcare providers under his authority. The
involvement of a multiplicity of disciplines triggers an entanglement of
dichotomous voices. Eventually centralized coordination patterns give
way to a less dominant coordination. Conclusions Patients with
comorbidity require close cooperation between an increasing number of
healthcare providers. This cooperation can only be enhanced by
recognising the complex of relationships between these caregivers.
Research into these practices can benefit greatly by using methods,
which relate methods of complex and narrative-thinkers.
Effectiveness assessment of using riverine water eDNA to simultaneously monitor the riverine and riparian biodiversity information
Authors: Yang Haile , Du Hao , Qi Hongfang , Yu Luxian , Hou Xin-Dong , Zhang Hui , Li Junyi , Wu Jinming , Wang Chengyou , Zhou Qiong , Wei Qiwei
Published: January 2024

Both aquatic and terrestrial biodiversity information can be detected in
riverine water environmental DNA (eDNA). However, whether riverine water
eDNA can be used to simultaneously monitor aquatic and terrestrial
biodiversity remains unverified. To assess the effectiveness of using
riverine water eDNA to simultaneously monitor the riverine and
terrestrial biodiversity information, we proposed that the monitoring
effectiveness could be approximated by the transportation effectiveness
of land-to-river and upstream-to-downstream biodiversity information
flows. Subsequently, we conducted a case study in a watershed on the
Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The case demonstrated that there was higher
monitoring effectiveness on summer or autumn rainy days than in other
seasons and weather conditions. The monitoring of the bacterial
biodiversity information was more efficient than the monitoring of the
eukaryotic biodiversity information. On summer rainy days, 43-76% of
species information in riparian sites could be detected in water eDNA
samples, 92-99% of species information in riverine sites could be
detected in a 1-km downstream eDNA sample, and half of dead
bioinformation (i.e., the bioinformation labeling the biological
material that lacked life activity and fertility) could be monitored 4-6
km downstream for eukaryotes and 13-19 km downstream for bacteria. In
this case, we tested the eDNA monitoring effectiveness assessment
framework, in which the land-to-river monitoring effectiveness was
indicated by detection probability, and the upstream-to-downstream
monitoring effectiveness was described by the detection probability per
kilometer runoff distance and by the half-life distance of dead
bioinformation. It provided a new and usable tool for designing
monitoring projects and for evaluating monitoring results.
Nanoselenium enhanced wheat resistance to aphids by regulating biosynthesis of DIMBOA and volatile components
Authors: Zhou chunran , Li dong , Shi xinlei , Zhang jingbang , An quanshun , Wu yangliu , Kang lu , Li jiaqi , pan canping
Published: January 2024

The mechanism of nanoselenium (nano-Se) improving plant components
induced resistance to aphids is unkonwn. . In this study, nano-Se (5.0
mg/L) foliar sprayed could significantly reduce Sitobion avenae number
(36%) compared with the control. Foliar application of nano-Se enhances
the antioxidant capacity by reducing MDA and increasing GSH-Px, CAT,
GSH, Pro and VE concentration in wheat seedlings. Phenylpropane pathway
was activated by nano-Se bio-fortification, which increased apigenin and
caffeic acid concentrations. The high-level expression of the related
genes (TaBx1A, TaBx3A, TaBx4A, TaASMT2, and TaCOMT) induced the
promotion of melatonin (88.6%) and DIMBOA (64.3%). Different ratios of
the secondary metabolites to nano-Se were conducted to examine the
effects on wheat resistance to the Sitobion avenae. The results revealed
the combination of nano-Se and melatonin can achieve the best overall
performance by reducing the Sitobion avenae number by 52.2%. The study
suggest that the coordinative applications of nano-Se and melatonin
could be more effectively improve the wheat resistance to aphids via
promotion of volatile organic compound synthesis and modulation in
phenylpropane and indole metabolism pathways.
Conservative Fourier spectral method for a class of modified Zakharov systems with high-order space fractional quantum correction $\dagger$
Authors: Guo Tao , Xiao Ai guo , wang junjie , li xueyang
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we consider the Fourier spectral method and numerical
investigation for a class of modified Zakharov systems with high-order
space fractional quantum correction. First, the Fourier spectral scheme
of the system is developed with periodic boundary condition based on the
Crank-Nicolson/leap-frog methods in time and the Fourier spectral method
in space. Moreover, it is shown that the scheme preserves simultaneously
mass and energy conservation laws. Second, we analyze stability and
convergence of the numerical scheme. Last, the numerical experiments are
given, and the results show the correctness of theoretical results and
the efficiency of the conservative scheme.
Circulating exosome miRNAs, is it the connection cargo for cell communication and cross-kingdom communication by food chain in bivalves?
Authors: Zheng Zhe , Cai Caixia , Huang Ronglian , Liao Yongshan , Yang Chuangye , Du Xiaodong , Deng Yuewen
Published: January 2024

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can efficiently regulate gene expression at
intracellular and extracellular levels. Plant/food-derived miRNAs of the
bio-environment are highly enriched in human serum or serum from
phytophagous animals and play roles in the regulation of mammalian gene
expression. However, the presence of food-derived miRNAs in Mollusca
species is lacking evidence. In this study, we used the microalga
Nannochloropsis oculata to feed the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata
martensii, a bivalve species, and isolated exosomes from the serum to
detect endogenous and food-derived miRNAs by RNA-seq. A total of 273
endogenous miRNAs were identified in all duplicate samples, and these
participated in regulating cell proliferation and death, stress, energy
metabolism, synthesis of unsaturated fatty acid, and protein synthesis
and transport. Through the miRNA sequencing of the feeding N. oculata,
we identified 23 microalga-derived miRNAs in the exosomes in the pearl
oyster blood. Compared with endogenous miRNAs, most microalga-derived
miRNAs showed high expression levels in both exosome and microalga cells
and also exhibited apparent individual differences. These food-derived
miRNAs were predicted to participate in endocytosis, apoptosis, signal
transduction, energy metabolism, and biomineralization by targeting
multiple genes. They were also closely related to energy metabolism and
epigenetic regulation in N. oculata cells. These findings showed the
phenomenon of cross-kingdom transport of miRNAs between a bivalve and
feeding microalga and provided insights into functional molecule
transmission through the food chain in an ecosystem.
Turbulent Flow in a Pipe: An Historical Note
Authors: HARPER DEAN
Published: January 2024

In 1953 Dr Shih-I Pai accurately correlated the experimental velocity
profile data of Nikuradse (Re = 25,000) for turbulent flow in a pipe.
The resultant general equation, and conclusions therefrom, are derived.
Antiproliferative, Antioxidant and Antiplasmodial activities of the root bark of Adenodolichos paniculatus (Hua) Hutch (Fabaceae).
Authors: Ojerinde Olalekan Stephen , Kingston David , Du Yongle , Murillo Ana Lisa , Cassera Maria , Sagay Atiene , Alemika Taiwo
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Cancer remains a global public problem and the discovery
of novel antiproliferative agents from herbal medicine may provide a
lasting solution to this menace. This study aimed to investigate the
phytoconstituents, antioxidants, antiproliferative and antiplasmodial
activities of the root bark extracts of Adenodolichos paniculatus.
Plants have continued to be a major source of new drugs template for the
treatment of various diseases. Methods: The phytoconstituents of the
extracts of Adenodolichos paniculatus were evaluated by standard
phytochemical analysis methods. Phytochemical screening, evaluation of
total phenolic and flavonoid contents were investigated employing
standard phytochemical methods. The extracts were equally subjected to
antiproliferative (A2780 ovarian cancer cell assay), antiplasmodial (Dd2
strain of Plasmodium falciparum), antioxidant (DPPH, FRAP and ABTS
methods) and brine shrimp lethality assay studies. Results: The
phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of various phytochemicals
in Adenodolichos paniculatus extracts. The DCM extract was found to
possess the high levels of total phenolic and flavonoids contents with
notable potential antiproliferative (IC50 = 0.14 μg/ml), antiplasmodial
(IC50 = 7.50 μg/ml) and cytotoxic (brine shrimp, IC50 = 0.547 μg/ml)
activities. Both HME and AQE showed a good antiproliferative activity
but were found to be inactive against the drug-resistant Dd2 strain of
Plasmodium falciparum with an IC50 value ˃ 100μg/mL. Conclusion: The
study revealed the potential capability of Adenodolichos paniculatus as
a promising source of lead for the development of potent
antiproliferative drugs. However, further investigations are needed to
identify and characterize the active constituents. Keywords:
Adenodolichos paniculatus, Fabaceae, Phytochemicals, A2780, Plasmodium
falciparum, antioxidant.
A ‘Get-Save-Return’ process continuum runs on phosphorus economy among subtropical tree species
Authors: Jiang Lei , Wang Huiming , Li Shenggong , Dai Xiaoqin , Meng Shengwang , Fu Xiaoli , Yan Han , Zheng Jiajia , Kou Liang
Published: January 2024

Ecosystem processes interact through trade-offs or legacy effects, yet
it remains unclear whether absorption (Get), resorption (Save), and
decomposition (Return) are linked to form a ‘Get-Save-Return (GSR)’
continuum and conform to the economics spectrum theory. Here, we tested
this hypothesis by synchronously integrating root-nutrient absorption,
leaf-nutrient resorption, and leaf-litter decomposition of 15
co-occurring subtropical tree species. There was an active trade-off
between phosphorus absorption and resorption, which further caused a
passive trade-off between phosphorus resorption and leaf-litter
decomposition, indicating that a process-based continuum exists and runs
on phosphorus economy. Following the leaf economics spectrum, the
acquisitive-strategy species had greater absorption, lower resorption,
and faster decomposition, while the conservative-strategy species
presented the opposite pattern. The continuum emerged among
ectomycorrhizal species rather than arbuscular mycorrhizal species,
implying a critical control of mycorrhizal association. Our findings
demonstrate the existence of the ‘GSR’ continuum and provide a framework
for understanding the whole-plant nutrient economy.
Leptomeningeal spread in high grade glioma: A case series
Authors: Madan Renu , Dey Treshita , Bhatia Vikas , Sahoo Sushanta
Published: January 2024

Leptomeningeal spread of high grade glioma (HGG) has been rarely
reported in literature, with an incidence of <5%. It is
associated with dismal outcome with a median survival of <6
months. Here we present a series of three HGG patients who developed
spinal cord metastasis and succumbed to it within three months of
diagnosis