bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The proposal and application of the "Suture Formula" make single port laparoscopic myomectomy simpler and more efficient: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wu Yihan , Jia Qiucheng , Tang Huimin , Chen Wanying , Yu Yi , Wei Weiwei , Tang Bin , Chen Jiming
Published: October 2024

Background: Single-port laparoscopic surgery offers unique minimally invasive and cosmetic results and facilitates the patient's postoperative recovery.In transumbilical single-port laparoscopic myomectomy, suturing of the uterine wound is a critical intraoperative step.Due to the difficulty of operating with a single hole, it takes longer to suture the uterine wound, which somewhat increases the potential risk and limits the development of this procedure.This study describes the technique of the "suture formula" and compares it with the traditional randomized suture pattern.
Materials and Methods:The author's team summarized the uterine incision selection and suture pattern in single-port laparoscopic myomectomy, conceptualizing the steps of uterine incision selection and suture closure to reduce unnecessary intraoperative backstitching and thread winding operations.In this study, we retrospectively analyzed 91 patients who underwent transumbilical single-port laparoscopic myomectomy and compared the intraoperative and postoperative indices between the two groups.
Results:Surgical time, intraoperative bleeding, and hemoglobin drop were lower in the "suture mode" group than in the traditional randomized suture group (p<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference between the "suture formula" group and the traditional randomized suture group in terms of the number of days of postoperative hospitalization, the time to the first postoperative anal evacuation, the VAS score at 12h postoperatively, the VAS score at 24h postoperatively, and the postoperative complications (P > 0.05).Suture pattern (Beta: -19, P=0.043), number of leiomyosarcomas (Beta: 43, P=0.002), maximum diameter of the tumor (Beta: 6.2, P=0.032), and BMI (Beta: 4.0, P=0.018) were the factors influencing the duration of surgery.Suture pattern (Beta: -46, p=0.011), and maximum tumor diameter (Beta: 13, p=0.027) were the factors influencing intraoperative bleeding.
Conclusion:The "Suture Formula" technique conceptualizes the selection of the uterine incision and the suture steps, which reduces the difficulty of the operation and ensures the hemostatic effect while reducing the unnecessary inverted needle and thread wrapping during the operation, thus shortening the operation time and improving the efficiency of the operation.The use of the "suture formula" does not increase the risk of surgery or the incidence of surgical complications compared with conventional single-port laparoscopic myomectomy.This suture pattern provides a new breakthrough in single-port laparoscopic myomectomy.
medicX-KE: A Knowledge Graph for Pharmacists’ Drug Information Needs
Authors: Farrugia Lizzy , Azzopardi Lilian M. , Debattista Jeremy , Abela Charlie
Published: October 2024

The contribution of pharmacists to patient care is evolving from the traditional role of dispensing medicine to that of providing pharmaceutical services within a multidisciplinary healthcare context. An important component for this transformation towards a holistic patient-centric approach is the availability of relevant and up-to-date information about medicinal products that leverages a robust data collection mechanism. Over the past decade, Knowledge Graphs (KGs) have rev-olutionised the organisation and utilisation of vast biomedical data. Powered by Artificial Intelligence (AI) and advanced inferencing techniques, KGs unlock the potential to derive valuable insights, discover hidden relationships, and enable data-driven decision making. In this paper, we present the medicX-KE knowledge graph that is tailored to the Maltese pharmaceutical landscape. The KG serves as a centralised repository, integrating data from several authoritative sources, including DrugBank and the British National Formulary (BNF). We present a specific use case for our KG that relies on information related to medicine provided by the Malta Medicines Authority (MMA). In addition, we conducted interviews with six pharmacists to understand their needs and to obtain feedback on the suitability of the KG. We describe data acquisition, mappings, ontology design, construction, and evaluation of medicX-KE, and discuss the challenges faced and potential future enhancements.
Ambient air monitoring in Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic for assessing the effectiveness of environment protection measures
Authors:   Kyrgyz-Russian Slavic University named after B.N. Yeltsin, Glazunov Dmitrii , Ordobaev Beishenbek ,   Kyrgyz-Russian Slavic University named after B.N. Yeltsin, Timofeev Semen ,   Irkutsk National Research Technical University
Published: October 2024

The system of mobile monitoring of priority pollutants in the air of Bishkek, the capital of the Kyrgyz Republic, was improved and tested. The daytime dynamics of the content of nitrogen oxides (NO, NO2), carbon oxides (CO, CO2), formaldehyde (H2CO), and suspended microparticles (PM2.5) in the air on the central highways of the city were studied in winter. In 2023, significant concentrations of the components were identified. They exceeded the MAC standards several times and varied widely depending on the substance, the point and time of observation. A set of recommendations for reducing air pollution, including more environmentally friendly urban transport, types of fuel and its combustion technologies, were developed and partially implemented in 2022-2023. The results of monitoring of the content of the components were compared under similar conditions in 2023 and 2024. It was revealed that the recommendations of the Bishkek city administration contributed to reducing air pollution with harmful substances at most observation points to safe concentrations. The need for using the system of integrated mobile and automated monitoring of the atmospheric air in populated areas was justified.
“Risk Hunting” as a competence resource in the training of occupational safety professionals
Authors:   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Timofeev Semen , Nikitina Olga ,   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Cherepanova Kristina ,   Irkutsk National Research Technical University
Published: October 2024

The article discusses the use of project-based learning in the training of experts in Technosphere Safety, particularly occupational safety and health professionals. For these categories, the main competence is obtaining knowledge of assessing working conditions, identifying hazards and occupational risks for the development and implementation of measures aimed to eliminate them. The article presents the results of the “Risk Hunting” project, including occupational risk assessment cards, hazard registers, projects of occupational risk reduction measures, labor protection competitions, the Occupational Safety Day presentation, and the training for Irkutsk National Research Technical University department heads. The article distinguishes between two types of educational results: development of competencies required for labor protection professionals and gaining experience in self-organization and self-education. Project-based learning is aimed at solving specific tasks and gaining professional experience, which needs to be developed and improved.
Irkutsk Region safety data sheet and its role
Authors:   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Khamidullina Elena , Drozdova Tatiana
Published: October 2024

The municipality safety data sheet is a document that indicates the readiness of the territory for preventing and mitigating consequences of emergency situations, including accidents caused by man-made and natural factors. The article analyzes the legislative and regulatory framework for developing safety data sheet and describes a methodological approach used in the safety data sheet development for Irkutsk Region. The article shows that probabilistic and statistical approaches to hazard analysis and emergency risk assessment, as well as emergency modeling, are a combination of methods that provide realistic results in predicting emergencies and assessing the implementation risks. The article analyzes approaches for risk assessment at fire and explosive facilities, transport facilities, and thermal power facilities. It also assesses the individual and collective lethal risks for personnel and the population of the region in simulated emergency situations. The article shows that the state of fire danger in Irkutsk region requires a rapid response to ensure the safety of the population and prevent the development of man-made emergencies.
The Comparison of Deep Learning Models for Indonesian Political Hoax News Detection
Authors: Rachmawati Oktavia Citra Resmi , Darmawan Zakha Maisat Eka
Published: October 2024

Indonesia is the world’s fourth most populous country and has a diverse sociopolitical landscape. Political fake news exacerbates existing social divisions and causes political polarization in Indonesian society. Hence, studying it as a specific challenge can contribute to broader discussions on the impact of fake news in different contexts. The researchers propose a hoax news detection system by developing a deep learning model with various lapses against a data set preprocessed using term-frequency and token filtering to represent the most prominent words in each class. The researchers compare the layers with the potential to have high performance in predicting the falsity of Indonesian political news data by observing the models based on training history plots, model specification, and performance metrics in the classification report module. The deep learning models include One-Dimensional Convolution Neural Networks (1D CNN), Long-Term Short Memory (LSTM), and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU). The news data are obtained from the Kaggle site, containing 41.726 rows of data. Based on the experiments with the text data that has been preprocessed in the form of vectors and the specific parameters before starting, the results show that GRU achieves the highest performance value in accuracy, recall, precision, and F1 score. Although GRU becomes the model with the smallest file size, it is the slowest model to generate predictions from text news data. It also has a higher potential to be an overfitted model due to parameters than a simple RNN.
Fuzzy-Based Decision Support Model for Assessing Green Building Performance
Authors: Widayat Muhamad Akbar Bin , Utama Ditdit Nugeraha
Published: October 2024

Global warming is currently a major environmental issue that is capable of causing unpredictable climate changes. The phenomenon is due to the accumulation of gases and carbon dioxide in the earth’s atmosphere, partly attributed to building operation and construction. The Green Building Rating System (GBRS) is developed to assess and measure the level of green building practices to address this problem. The assessments have typically been conducted using conventional methods that require parameters to meet specific criteria. However, certain parameter values cannot be calculated using objective methods, such as bias, time series, and distance values. The existence of these challenges leads to the development and integration of the Decision Support Model (DSM) into the GBRS in the research. The DSM uses a mathematical model, Tsukamoto Fuzzy Inference System (FIS), and conventional methods to handle the parameter values. Moreover, data related to the parameters are collected and analyzed quantitatively. As a result, the DSM-GBRS model is successfully implemented with two findings. First, there are 83 parameters, related to policy, retrofit, construction, and utilization aspects based on Peraturan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat Nomor 21 Tahun 2021. Second, the model provides precise decision values by splitting the treatment into four types: conventional, Fuzzy logic, slope, and Euclidean distance to ensure a comprehensive assessment of green building performance.
REFORM OF THE HUMANITARIAN AND EDUCATIONAL FIELD IN LIGHT OF THE CARGO DISCOURSE
Authors: Limonchenko Vira
Published: October 2024

The article analyzes the situation in the educational sphere in the context of the need to reform and the metamorphoses that arise. It is noted that there is a distance between the proclaimed principles and actions, which is revealed when engaging the ethnographic concept of cargo culture, used as a concept of social analysis. The specificity of the organization of the humanitarian and educational sphere is related to the work in the subjectivity dimension.
FEATURES OF THE ACTUALIZATION OF MODERN UKRAINIAN HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL WORLDVIEW CODES
Authors: Deviatko Nataliia
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the issues of actualization modern Ukrainian historical and cultural worldview codes. Natural national identity protects the individual from hostile manipulative influences. This is very important subject during hybrid wars. The worldview codes, which are the basis of national consciousness, are usually studied precisely through the prism of national self-awareness and identification. The basic worldview codes are realized through historical memory and culture. Often these implementations are interrelated. The purpose of the article is the study of modern actualization of the basic worldview codes, which are responsible for the national self-identification of a person and form the national cultural space. During hybrid and information wars, it is worldview codes that are subjected to the most powerful attacks from the enemy, because their deep change significantly affects the worldview and national identity of a person.
AWARENESS AS A COGNITIVE MECHANISM IN PHENOMENOLOGICAL DISCOURSE
Authors: Dolska Olha
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of the tradition of phenomenology, represented by unknown nicknames, in the nutritional understanding of the phenomenon of awareness. This cognitive importance provides a framework for understanding the issues in the intellectual revolution of today, gives the opportunity to understand where the transformation of the mind, the thinking of people takes place, and phenomenology itself stands as a method of understanding the design and implementation of the process of awareness as a mechanism of knowledge.
THE PHENOMENON OF THE GAME AS A MEDIA PRACTICE
Authors: Shamsha Igor
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the game phenomenon and its medial meaning. This medial meaning of the game determines its wide use in media practices – the entire set of human communications in the world. They can be called manipulative in the modern world. Therefore, the main goal of the article is to analyze the phenomenon of the game through the manipulative reality in which it is used.
LOGICAL STYLE OF ANALYSIS OF TEXT AND OTHER INFORMATION FOR SOLVING TESTS ON GENERAL COMPETENCES
Authors: Pavlenko Zhanna , Klykov Oleksandr
Published: October 2024

The article substantiates the effectiveness of using the logical style of analyzing text and other information for solving test tasks in conditions of time shortage. For this, a general classification of tasks was carried out, visual and other methods of their solution were selected, a generalized solution method based on the coding of available information, analysis and comparison of logical structures to identify contradictions, violations of completeness and integrity, etc.
DEMOCRACY IN GLOBAL AND NATIONAL DISCOURSES
Authors: Horban Olena
Published: October 2024

The article attempts an interdisciplinary study of the relationship between the forms of modern democracy and its essence in the context of global and national discourses. The priority of forms of direct political participation over individualized sovereignty of the people in quality democracy is argued.
Promising areas of interdisciplinary research are the problems of balancing the forms of democracy and securing it from the manipulations of political elites.
ECOTOXICIDADE DE CREMES DENTAIS DESSENSIBILIZANTES E CLAREADORES EM INDICADORES AQUÁTICO E TERRESTRE
Authors: S. de Macêdo Maria Thais , Duarte Farias Gabrieli , Almeida-Júnior Alexandre , F. B. de Oliveira Andressa , Barros Chaves Pereira Ana Maria , C. Sampaio Fábio , A. P. Farias Isabela
Published: October 2024

ECOTOXICITY OF DESENSITIZING AND WHITENING TOOTHPASTES IN AQUATIC AND TERRESTRIAL INDICATORS. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ecotoxicity of desensitizing and whitening toothpastes against aquatic and terrestrial bioindicators. This is an in vivo ecotoxicity study. Ten different toothpastes were selected. Toothpaste without detergent and fluoride was negative control 1. Sea salt solution, mineral water and distilled-deionized water were second negative control. Toothpaste slurries were prepared at a ratio of 1:2, 1:3, 1:10 and 1:30 (w/w). The immobility/mortality test was carried out on Artemia salina L. The root growth test was carried out to obtain the percentage of relative growth and inhibition on Allium cepa L. pH of the slurries were determined. The ANOVA (analysis of variance) and Tukey’s test was performed (p < 0.05). There was mortality in all Artemia nauplii exposed to desensitizing and whitening toothpastes. A significant reduction in the length of the roots of the bulbs exposed to all the slurries was observed. The percentage of inhibition was greater than 50%. Desensitizing and whitening toothpastes showed significant ecotoxicity against A. salina and A. cepa, with potential negative environmental impact of toothpastes on aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems.
Deriving water quality index using site-specific water quality parameter guidelines for real-time water quality stations
Authors: Rahman Shibly , Khan Amir Ali , Brake Kyla , Tobin Annette
Published: October 2024

The Newfoundland and Labrador Real-Time Water Quality (RTWQ) monitoring program operates a network of surface water monitoring stations, measuring physical water quality parameters in near-real-time. The network generates vast amounts of data which are too complex for many stakeholders to interpret. While the CCME Water Quality Index (WQI) has been a valuable tool to simplify and summarize ambient quality of water, its use in RTWQ is virtually non-existent. This is largely due to the lack of alignment between the limited number of parameters from real-time networks, and availability of aquatic Water Quality Guidelines. This paper is the first attempt to outline a method of utilizing real-time water quality data to generate site specific water quality guidelines using Background Concentration method. Using these guidelines, we compute weekly WQI scores for select monitoring stations and examine how score is influenced by stage and precipitation. The influence of each parameter on the RTWQ WQI score is also plotted. Comparison is made between the Canadian Environmental Sustainability Indicator (CESI) WQI and RTWQ WQI yearly scores. The paper also discusses the challenges and benefits of using this methodology as well as the sensitivity of WQI scoring at stations with various anthropogenic influences.
Environmental monitoring of heavy metal content in the hydrographic network of a large city river
Authors: Popovych Vasyl , Kopylov Viktor
Published: October 2024

Samples of edaphotopes were taken from a depth of 0–15 cm for analyses in this study. It was found that the water in the areas of the Hnidavske swamp and Teremniv ponds was the most polluted. The level of Zn (0.01 mg/dm3) exceeded the maximum permissible concentration (MPC) at site 5 (Lypnyany village, outside the city of Lutsk, the content was 0.015 mg/dm3) and Hnidavske marsh (0.019 mg/dm3). At all study sites, Cr (0.001 mg/dm3) ranging from 0.002 to 0.005 mg/dm3, Co (0.005 mg/dm3) from 0.008 to 0.01 mg/dm3, and Ni (0.01 mg/dm3) from 0.02 to 0.036 mg/dm3 were also found to exceed the MPC. However, Cd levels (0.005 mg/dm3) did not exceed the MPC and was within the normal range at all study sites (0.0016–0.003 mg/dm3).
Anchored Chitosan-Functionalized Magnetite Nanoparticles for Crystal Violet Decolorization from Aqueous Samples
Authors: Bandari Mahsa , Galangash Mohsen Mohammadi , Shariati Shahab , Ghavidast Atefeh
Published: October 2024

Introduction:

In this research, 3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl isocyanate (TESPIC) functionalized
chitosan was successfully synthesized to fabricate silica-coated magnetite nanoparticles
(Fe3O4@SiO2-CS MNPs).

Method:

The synthesized MNPs were characterized using XRD, FT-IR, SEM, and TEM instruments
and were utilized for the decolorization of Crystal Violet cationic dye (CV). The affecting
variables controlling CV removal efficiency were investigated using the Taguchi fractional factorial
design method (L16 array).

Result:

Under the optimized removal conditions (adsorbent amount = 0.12 g (4.8 g L-1), pH = 4,
ionic strength = 0.05 mol L-1 NaCl, and 30 min stirring), 98.2% of the CV dye was eliminated.
The kinetic and equilibrium adsorption isotherms were explained by the pseudo-second-order kinetic
(R2 = 0.999) and Freundlich isotherm models, respectively. MATLAB’s fmincon function
as an efficient solution was applied in order to compare the Redlich-Peterson three-parametric
isotherm model with two-parametric models. Moreover, the Fe3O4@SiO2-CS-TESPIC MNPs
showed recyclability and reusability for subsequent runs

Conclusion:

The findings confirmed that these functional MNPs can be considered as proper adsorbents
for the removal of CV dye from the aqueous solutions
Virus-like Particles-Based Vaccine to Combat Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Lim Luis Wei Cheng , Lee Jia Yee , Chen Ching Hsein , Voon Kenny Gah Leong , Koh Rhun Yian , Chye Soi Moi
Published: October 2024

Neurodegenerative diseases are regarded as gradual, incurable conditions with an
insidious onset. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) are two of the most
prevalent neurodegenerative diseases reported globally. Developing effective treatment strategies
for neurodegenerative diseases has remained a primary objective and a huge challenge for
researchers. The therapeutic medications that are now approved for the treatment of neurodegenerative
diseases merely treat the symptoms; the underlying pathology is not addressed.
Therefore, the emergence of novel disease-modifying therapeutic modalities such as immunotherapy
has opened a new path in developing effective treatments for neurogenerative diseases.
Compared to other types of subunit active vaccines, virus-like particles (VLPs) are considerably
more immunogenic as they present dense and repetitive viral antigen epitopes on their surface,
which can trigger both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. They are also a much safer
option than the traditional inactivated and live-attenuated vaccines since they are devoid of
viral genomes and are, therefore, non-pathogenic and non-infectious. Researchers have turned
their attention to VLPs as an active immunotherapy candidate for AD due to the lessons learned
from the AN1792 trial. Studies have shown that they effectively induce anti-Aβ, anti-tau, and
anti-α-Synuclein antibodies while avoiding T-cell-related immune reactions in animal models of
AD and PD. This review compiles the findings of preclinical animal model studies and clinical
investigations on VLP-based vaccines for neurogenerative diseases thus far. The technical limitations
and potential difficulties associated with the future application of VLP-based vaccines in
patients with neurodegenerative diseases have also been covered.
A Potential Role for Oridonin in Cancer Control: Mechanisms of Autophagy and Apoptosis
Authors: Arefnezhad Reza , Rahimi-Shatranlo Sina , Rabiei Bahman , Zarei Hooman , Nazari Ahmad , Goleij Pouya , Mahmoudpour Fatemeh , Khalafi Neshat , Hajighasemi Mohadeseh , Farkhondeh Tahereh , Samini Mohammad , Samarghandian Saeed
Published: October 2024

Cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. It is characterized by unmanaged cell proliferation and growth, leading to tumour formation with the potential to metastasize to various organs of the human body. Currently, several common therapeutic approaches exist to treat malignancies, including chemotherapy, surgery, and radi-otherapy, which can be used to prevent the progression of malignancies. However, these ther-apeutic approaches often face challenges due to their cytotoxic impacts and various side ef-fects. Ergo is currently researching a new treatment that effectively reduces cancer progression with minimal side effects. Emerging evidence suggests that harnessing herbal sources, which are both accessible and safe, can be useful in improving various disorders, including cancer. Oridonin, a diterpenoid isolated from the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Rabdosia ru-bescens, has shown significant potential in cancer therapy. Moreover, numerous pharmacolog-ical and biological capacities have been attributed to this naturally active compound, such as anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, and anti-viral influences. This review sum-marizes the current knowledge on oridonin's mechanisms of action, particularly its effects on autophagy and apoptosis. While apoptosis is a well-established pathway for eliminating cancer cells through DNA fragmentation, autophagy plays a complex role, acting as both a cytopro-tective and cell death mechanism depending on the context. We provide a comprehensive evaluation of the relevant studies, highlighting oridonin's potential in cancer control and iden-tifying areas for further research.
Novel Driver Genes and Mutations in Lung Pecoma: A Case Report
Authors: Gerashchenko Tatiana Sergeevna , Davydova Ksenia Sergeevna , Korobeynikova Anastasia Alekseevna , Vorobev Rostislav Sergeevich , Fedorov Anton Andreevich , Topolnitsky Evgeny Bogdanovich , Shefer Nikolay Anatolievich , Vtorushin Sergey Vladimirovich , Denisov Evgeny Vladimirovich
Published: October 2024

Introduction:

Perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComa) are rare mesenchymal
neoplasms characterized by perivascular epithelioid cells. Despite their common occurrence in the
uterus, gastrointestinal tract, and retroperitoneum, this study presents an exceptional case of PEComa
identified in the lung, warranting unique molecular exploration.

Case Report:

A 50-year-old man was diagnosed with a 6 cm neoplasm in the lower lobe of the
right lung without enlarged lymph nodes during a routine examination. Thoracotomy, extended
lower bilobectomy, and D3 lymphadenectomy were performed. Histological and immunohistochemical
analysis diagnosed a PEComa. No conventional TSC1 and TSC2 mutations specific to
PEComa, which resulted in mTOR pathway activation, were detected by whole-exome sequencing.
In contrast, mutations were unveiled in the MTOR, EIF4EBP1, and PRAME genes that could
be an alternative mechanism governing mTOR activation.

Conclusion:

These findings provide novel insights into the molecular intricacies of lung PEComa,
showcasing the distinctive roles of MTOR, EIF4EBP1, and PRAME mutations.
A Review of the Medicinal Importance and Perspectives of the 2-isoxazoline Scaffold
Authors: Pathak Shilpi , Singh Pooja , Jadon Gaurav
Published: October 2024

The 2-isoxazoline scaffold has emerged as a key structure in medicinal chemistry, with
great therapeutic potential for a wide range of biological targets. This review investigates the medicinal
value of the 2-isoxazoline scaffold, emphasizing its adaptability and usefulness in the development
of new medications. Isoxazoline has a wide range of biological actions, including antibacterial,
anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and anti-parasitic effects, which are due to their distinct
structural features and capacity to interact with a variety of biological processes. The synthesis,
functionalization, and pharmacological uses of isoxazoline derivatives are rigorously studied, yielding
information about their modes of action and therapeutic value. This review emphasizes the
promise of isoxazoline-based molecules in tackling current medical difficulties and lays the way for
future research in this vibrant field of medicinal chemistry.
Development and Characterization of Fast-dissolving Tablets to Enhance Bioavailability of BCS Class II Drugs by Solid Dispersion Method
Authors: Sathish Samathana Kanagaraj , Janakiraman Kunchithapadam , Muthumani Periyasamy
Published: October 2024

Background:

Rapid tablet or capsule dissolution requires the tablet to disintegrate and
dissolve at a higher rate, enhancing drug dissolution and bioavailability. Suitable disintegrants
have shown an appreciable rate of disintegration or dissolution. Using factorial design for formulation
to improve bioavailability is a key focus in pharmaceutical research to enhance dissolution.

Methods:

Azelnidipine (Azp) tablets were formulated with Hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin
(HβCD), β-cyclodextrin (βCD), and Kolliphor HS15 (HS15) to enhance solubility. A 23 factorial
design optimized the formulation, focusing on disintegration time (DT) and time for 90%
dissolution (T90). Eight formulations (F1-F8) were prepared using the kneading method. Tablets
were evaluated for physical properties, drug content, friability, dissolution, and drugexcipient
interactions (FTIR and DSC). The optimal formulation (F9) was determined via desirability
analysis.

Results:

Tablets showed acceptable Carr's index (CI), Hausner ratio (HR), and Angle of Repose
(AR). Increasing βCD concentration decreased DT, enhancing water absorption and faster
dissolution. βCD tablets had the lowest DT among the formulations, with F4 showing the best
disintegration. Higher HS15 concentration also reduced DT, with F8 achieving the highest drug
release (T90%) within 60 minutes. R² values ranged from 0.922 to 0.994, indicating high predictability.
The optimal formulation had a desirability of 1.0, consisting of 3.523 mg HS15,
28.4 mg βCD, and 1.49 mg βCD, with a DT of 102 ± 1.13 seconds and 98% dissolution. FTIR
and DSC confirmed no drug–excipient interactions.

Conclusion:

Optimized super disintegrant concentrations and wet granulation techniques resulted
in tablets with strong mechanical properties, rapid disintegration, and consistent drug
content. Future research and in vivo studies should explore additional excipient combinations.
Current Nanotechnological Strategies for Delivery of Anti-Retroviral Drugs: Overview and Future Prospects
Authors: Taher Salam Shanta , Al-kinani Khalid Kadhem
Published: October 2024

Globally, over forty million people are living with Human Immunodeficiency Viral
(HIV) infections. Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) consists of two or three Antiretroviral
(ARV) drugs and has been used for more than a decade to prolong the life of AIDS-diagnosed
patients. The persistent use of HAART is essential for effectively suppressing HIV replication.
Frequent use of multiple medications at relatively high dosages is a major reason for patient
noncompliance and an obstacle to achieving efficient pharmacological treatment. Despite
strict compliance with the HAART regimen, the eradication of HIV from the host remains unattainable.
Anatomical and Intracellular viral reservoirs are responsible for persistent infection. Elimination
of the virus from these reservoirs is critical for successful long-term therapy. Therefore, innovative
approaches are required to design safe and effective therapies. Nanotechnology has revolutionized
HIV drug delivery by addressing key challenges, including improving drug solubility,
targeting specific cells, extending drug release, protecting drugs from degradation, overcoming biological
barriers, enabling combination therapy, and enhancing vaccine delivery. Several nanocarrier
systems, such as dendrimers, nanoemulsions, liposomes, solid nanoparticles (SLNs), and
nanostructured lipid carriers, have been proposed to treat HIV infection. Additionally, nanosuspensions
of antiretroviral drugs offer promising strategies for improving treatment outcomes. While
these advancements have significantly improved HIV management strategies, challenges remain,
including unexpected toxicity, avoiding harmful biological interactions, and costs associated with
the large-scale production of nanopharmaceuticals.
Hybrid Feature Extraction for Breast Cancer Classification Using the Ensemble Residual VGG16 Deep Learning Model
Authors: Zhenfei Wang , Ali Muhammad Mumtaz , Sahibzada Kashif Iqbal , Maqsood Faiqa , Naveed Urr Rehman  , Aftab Muhammad , Zia Qasim , Weiyan Hou , Wei Dong-Qing
Published: October 2024

Introduction:

Breast Cancer (BC) is a significant cause of high mortality amongst women
globally and probably will remain a disease posing challenges about its detectability. Advancements
in medical imaging technology have improved the accuracy and efficiency of breast cancer
classification. However, tumor features' complexity and imaging data variability still pose challenges.

Method:

This study proposes the Ensemble Residual-VGG-16 model as a novel combination of the
Deep Residual Network (DRN) and VGG-16 architecture. This model is purposely engineered with
maximal precision for the task of breast cancer diagnosis based on mammography images. We assessed
its performance by accuracy, recall, precision, and the F1-Score. All these metrics indicated
the high performance of this Residual-VGG-16 model. The diagnostic residual-VGG16 performed
exceptionally well with an accuracy of 99.6%, precision of 99.4%, recall of 99.7%, F1 score of
98.6%, and Mean Intersection over Union (MIoU) of 99.8% with MIAS datasets.

Result:

Similarly, the INBreast dataset achieved an accuracy of 93.8%, a precision of 94.2%, a recall
of 94.5%, and an F1-score of 93.4%.

Conclusion:

The proposed model is a significant advancement in breast cancer diagnosis, with high
accuracy and potential as an automated grading.
Autoimmune Diseases, Immune System and Herbal Medicine
Authors: Ozay Cennet , Uysal Sengul , Zengin Gokhan
Published: October 2024

The immune system is a defense mechanism against infections and illnesses
caused by various agents, including bacteria, viruses, and other causative factors. Any
disruption in the functioning of the immune system, which is highly organized and
precisely regulated, can result in the emergence of immune deficiencies,
hypersensitivity reactions, or autoimmune diseases (AIDs). Under certain
circumstances, the immune system generates autoantibodies that target their cells,
giving rise to AIDs, including multiple sclerosis, type I diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis,
inflammatory bowel disease, hashimoto thyroiditis, systemic lupus erythematosus,
psoriasis, etc. In such cases, the immune system cannot differentiate between foreign
substances and the body's own cells. Different factors, such as genetic, epigenetic, and
environmental factors, trigger autoimmunity. Currently, autoimmune diseases of
various origins are managed using glucocorticoids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory
drugs, immunosuppressive agents, and biological treatments. Nevertheless, a
comprehensive cure for these conditions continues to remain beyond our reach.
Numerous herbal natural products have been investigated as potential alternative
approaches for the management of autoimmune disorders. In this introductory chapter,
we summarized the essential concepts of the immune system, the formation, stages, and
types of autoimmune diseases, and the role of herbal medicines in the management of
AIDs.
Vitamin D, Immunity, and Gut Health
Authors: AlQutub Russul , Asmar Reem El , Papandreou Dimitrios
Published: October 2024

The gut microbiota, a complex bacterial community within the
gastrointestinal system, critically regulates human physiology. This article explores the
complex interactions between the gut microbiota and vitamin D, impacting immunity
and overall health. Vitamin D plays a role in immunological modulation, cell
proliferation, and maintaining intestinal balance highlighting the intricate connections
between gut microbiota and vitamin D in the gastrointestinal system. Recent research
indicates that vitamin D receptors in the gastrointestinal tract may influence the gut
microbiota's composition. Dysbiosis, an imbalance in the gut microbiota, is linked to
various illnesses, including autoimmune diseases and metabolic disorders. This section
examines the effects of low vitamin D levels on immunity, associating insufficient
amounts with increased susceptibility to infections and autoimmune diseases like
rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Conversely,
studies demonstrate that immune function relies on maintaining adequate vitamin D
levels, particularly through calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D, regulating innate
and adaptive immunity. Epidemiological research supports the hypothesis that
sufficient vitamin D levels could reduce the prevalence of illnesses, including
autoimmune diseases and osteoporosis. The chapter underscores the potential
preventive benefits of adequate vitamin D intake, reviewing data from research on
multiple sclerosis, Hashimoto's illness, and rheumatoid arthritis.In conclusion, this exploration highlights vitamin D's critical role in immune system
performance, gut health, and microbiota composition. While existing studies suggest
the potential benefits of vitamin D for autoimmune illnesses, further research is
imperative to establish conclusive evidence, especially regarding vitamin D
supplementation for these ailments
Evaluating the teaching ability of double-qualified teachers in Chinese vocational education: A questionnaire validation study
Authors:   Department of Education, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Xu Shujuan , Ong Eng Tek ,   Department of Education, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: October 2024

The Chinese government actively promotes the high-quality development of modern vocational education, placing higher demands on the professionalism and practical skills of "Double-Qualified" Teachers (DQTs) in higher vocational colleges. This initiative encourages teachers to innovate their teaching methods and supports educational reform. As a result, effectively measuring and evaluating the teaching abilities of DQTs in higher vocational colleges has become a significant research focus. This study aims to develop and validate a questionnaire to assess the teaching abilities of DQTs in higher vocational colleges based on the vocational education DQTs' teaching ability evaluation index system and the TPACK framework. The study involved surveying 454 DQTs from eight higher vocational colleges in China using a questionnaire, with data analysis conducted through SPSS 27.0 and Amos 26.0 software. The results indicate that the questionnaire demonstrates high reliability and validity. Among the ten measurement models tested, the six-factor model shows the best fit. This study offers new perspectives and tools for understanding and evaluating the integration of technology into DQTs' subject matter knowledge, with important implications for the training and assessment of DQTs. It also provides insights and recommendations for higher vocational college administrators and DQTs.
¿Cómo mejorar el conocimiento especializado para enseñar probabilidad?: estrategias metodológicas para una formación eficaz
Authors: Franco Seguí Joan , Alsina Ángel
Published: October 2024

A partir de una investigación previa en la que se ha diagnosticado el conocimiento especializado del profesorado de educación primaria para enseñar probabilidad desde el modelo Mathematical Teacher’ Specialized Knowledge (MTSK), en este artículo se enlazan los resultados obtenidos con la práctica escolar. Desde esta perspectiva, para cada subdominio de conocimiento, primero se presenta una breve descripción y una síntesis de los principales resultados obtenidos en el estudio preliminar y, seguidamente, se ofrecen distintas estrategias metodológicas (lesson study, Flipped Classroom, reflexión sobre la práctica, entre otras) para mejorar la planificación e implementación de las tareas probabilísticas y llevar a cabo una enseñanza más eficaz. Se concluye que los procesos formativos a partir de estas estrategias pueden contribuir a mejorar el conocimiento especializado para enseñar probabilidad y, por consiguiente, promover el desarrollo profesional del profesorado de educación primaria.
Componentes visuales en la publicidad desde la experiencia del cliente en una marca de moda
Authors: Maliza Tigselema Christian , Moreta Jerez Myrian , Castro Juan
Published: October 2024

Los usuarios de Facebook frecuentemente están expuestos a una sobrecarga y saturación de información visual que causa que ignoren el 70 % del contenido, bajo este contexto el objetivo que se plantea es identificar los elementos más significativos del post publicitario de la marca Diseños y Confecciones Wiñay de la ciudad de Ambato-Ecuador sobre la base de los patrones de visualización, que más llaman la atención en los usuarios de Facebook. Esto se llevó a cabo mediante la presentación del estímulo a 14 mujeres indígenas (clientes frecuentes), en dos escenarios (primera prueba sin alteraciones y la segunda con nueva propuesta de disposición espacial de los elementos) junto con medidas de duración y frecuencia de la mirada otorgadas por el Software Tobii Pro Lab de 60 Hz. En la primera prueba el personaje, el slogan y la información de contacto captaron gran parte de la atención causando interferencia hacia otras áreas de mayor prioridad, en cambio al rediseñar el estímulo con una nueva disposición espacial y menos elementos, la atención hacia la marca aumentó significativamente. Además, se identifica a la marca, el personaje y la información de contacto como los elementos más significativos en el post publicitario. En concreto, los cambios en la disposición espacial y reducción de elementos del post publicitario según datos del seguimiento ocular ha propiciado una mejora en la atención, especialmente en las áreas de la marca y la imagen del personaje que también actúa como punto de ancla para establecer engagement en los usuarios.
Turismo como motor de desarrollo sostenible en Cotopaxi: Estudio de preferencias de la demanda y propuesta de ruta “Entre Cascadas y Cerros”
Authors: Coloma Martínez, Juan Gabriel , Tapia Novillo Fabián Camilo , Villa Durán Stefany Mishelle , Toapanta Aguiza Jenny
Published: October 2024

La escasez de recursos exige el ingenio de nuevas alternativas para diversificar las fuentes de ingresos y la sostenibilidad de territorios. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo el diseño de una ruta que integre los atractivos de la zona andina y subtropical, mediante una investigación de la demanda turística en la provincia de Cotopaxi, e indagando el perfil del visitante y sus preferencias. La investigación fue de tipo descriptiva, con un enfoque mixto. Se aplicaron encuestas a 373 visitantes, entrevistas semiestructuradas a 13 expertos en turismo y entrevistas a 18 agencias operadoras. Los datos cuantitativos fueron analizados mediante estadística descriptiva e inferencial, y los datos cualitativos mediante análisis de contenido temático. Los principales hallazgos fueron: un perfil del turista, jerarquización de atractivos turísticos, y una ruta turística integral denominada "Entre Cascadas y Cerros". El estudio concluye la importancia de la integración de territorios y comunidades para ofrecer un producto turístico acorde a las exigencias de la demanda actual, orientado hacia un turismo consciente, regenerativo y de proximidad. Esta propuesta tiene un amplio espectro de replicabilidad y puede contribuir a la reactivación económica de las comunidades rurales de Cotopaxi, promoviendo prácticas sostenibles y la conservación del patrimonio natural y cultural.
Análisis a la calidad y eficiencia de los servicios de salud: revisión sistemática
Authors: Álvarez Cedeño Jorge
Published: October 2024

Los estudios sobre la calidad y la eficiencia de los servicios de salud cada vez son de más interés por parte de los investigadores, la evaluación de ambas resulta importante para los administradores de la salud, en todos los niveles. Mediante el método PRISMA, se realizó una revisión sistemática de los últimos artículos en materia, evidenciando factores importantes a considerar, así como modelos y metodologías que ayuden a los expertos a conseguir niveles óptimos de calidad y eficiencia en sus unidades médicas. Mediante el análisis de los estudios, se pudo concluir que no es posible establecer un constructo de calidad que abarque todas las percepciones posibles en materia de salud, sin embargo, existen modelos que permiten una estandarización de los aspectos a considerar dentro de este campo. Y en cuanto a la eficiencia hospitalaria, se pudo concluir que el método de análisis envolvente de datos es el que más se adapta a las necesidades del sector sanitario.
Development and Application of a Delivery Infrastructure Collapse Risk Assessment Tool: A Focus on Metropolitan Metropolitan Areas
Authors: Ahn Hye Mi , Jeong Hyo-Seon , Han Jin-Ok , Hwang Jong Yun , Lee Heeyoung
Published: October 2024

Purpose: This study aims to develop a tool to systematically assess the risk of collapse in the delivery infrastructure and apply it to 42 districts in Gyeonggi Province. The ultimate goal is to provide data for preventive and improvement strategies tailored to regional needs.Methods: Hospitals performing over 50 deliveries annually were identified. Regions were categorized as 'none,' 'one,' or 'more than two' delivery hospitals, with further subdivision by annual delivery volume. Regions were then classified into 5 categories: 'relatively stable,' 'low-risk,' 'moderate-risk,' 'high-risk,' and 'collapsed.'Results: Of the 42 districts, 23 were classified as relatively stable, 3 as low-risk, 1 as moderate-risk, 4 as highrisk, and 11 as collapsed. Notably, areas where the delivery infrastructure has collapsed or is at high risk of collapse accounted for approximately 36% of the total.Conclusion: Tailored strategies and urgent policy support are required for high-risk regions. While perinatal regionalization may be a future direction, stable infrastructure must be maintained until the maternal care delivery system is established.
The impact of birth preparedness and complication readiness (BPCR) on maternal outcomes among postpartum mothers
Authors: Radicha Salsha Billah Putri , Kusumawardani Devi Arine
Published: October 2024

Background: Birth preparedness and complications readiness (BPCR) is a strategy to prevent three late causes of maternal death. Previous study results focused on BPCR intermediate outcomes, such as utilizing healthcare facilities during pregnancy and delivery, rather than maternal outcomes like maternal near miss, morbidity, and mortality.Objectives: This study examined the correlation between BPCR practices and maternal outcomes among postpartum mothersMethods: This cross-sectional research was conducted on postpartum mothers in the working area of the Sumberbaru Primary Health Service, Jember Regency, which was carried out from April to June 2023. A total of 78 postpartum mothers were selected using simple random sampling. The interview instrument was adopted from the BPCR JHPIEGO questionnaire, and maternal outcome observations were made using the MCH book. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test to examine the relationship between BPCR and maternal outcome. The level of statistical significance was set to p-value < 0.05
Results: The results of this study indicated that 69.2% of postpartum mothers had less prepared BPCR practices, and for most postpartum women, 55.1% recovered. There was a relationship between BPCR practices and maternal outcomes among postpartum mothers (p-value<0.05). Postpartum mothers with well-prepared BPCR practices had a 3.48 times higher chance of experiencing a complete recovery in maternal outcomes than those with less prepared BPCR practices.
Conclusions: The practice of BPCR in postpartum mothers is in the poor category; most mothers' maternal outcomes are in the fully recovered category. BPCR is an essential factor influencing maternal outcomes, so increasing counseling for mothers and families regarding BPCR is necessary to ensure more optimal maternal outcomes.
 