bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Aboveground Epichloë Endophytic Fungi on the Rhizosphere Microbial Functions of the Host Melica transsilvanica
Authors: Wang Chuanzhe , Shi Chong , Huang Wei , Zhang Mengmeng , He Jiakun
Published: May 2024

In nature, the symbiotic relationship between plants and microorganisms is crucial for ecosystem balance and plant growth. This study investigates the impact of Epichloë endophytic fungi, which are exclusively present aboveground, on the rhizosphere microbial functions of the host Melica transsilvanica. Using metagenomic methods, we analyzed the differences in microbial functional groups and functional genes in the rhizosphere soil between symbiotic (EI) and non-symbiotic (EF) plants. The results reveal that the presence of Epichloë altered the community structure of carbon and nitrogen cycling-related microbial populations in the host’s rhizosphere, significantly increasing the abundance of the genes (porA, porG, IDH1) involved in the rTCA cycle of the carbon fixation pathway, as well as the abundance of nxrAB genes related to nitrification in the nitrogen-cycling pathway. Furthermore, the presence of Epichloë reduces the enrichment of virulence factors in the host rhizosphere microbiome, while significantly increasing the accumulation of resistance genes against heavy metals such as Zn, Sb, and Pb. This study provides new insights into the interactions among endophytic fungi, host plants, and rhizosphere microorganisms, and offers potential applications for utilizing endophytic fungi resources to improve plant growth and soil health.
Quantifying mRNA in Highly Degraded Fixed Tissues by Nanostring Technology: A Comparative Study
Authors: Azzalini Eros , Di Stefano Barbara , Canzonieri Vincenzo , Venesio Tiziana , Miglio Umberto , Marchiò Caterina , Sapino Anna , Previderè Carlo , Fattorini Paolo , Bonin Serena
Published: May 2024

Archive tissues are the most available source of human tissues useful for molecular analysis in translational research. The main issues for those specimens are the modification and degradation of biomolecules, namely proteins, DNA, and RNA. In the last decade, several high-throughput analytical methods have been applied to archive tissues. Although histological tissues are fixed in neutral-buffered formalin nowadays, in the recent past, Bouin’s solution was also used in tissue processing. The present study aims to investigate the feasibility of nCounter Nanostring hybridization in quantifying mRNA in highly degraded samples, such as Bouin’s fixed and paraffin-embedded (BFPE) tissues, in comparison to the standard formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues as a source of RNA. A total of 16 paraffin-embedded tissue blocks from eight patients were analyzed (8 were FFPE and 8 were BEPE). Nanostring technology was applied to 300 ng of each RNA sample, whereas 360 ng of the same templates were retrotranscribed and submitted to qPCR and ddPCR. Our results show that the Nanostring technology outperforms the reference methods (ddPCR and qPCR) in detecting target mRNA in FFPE and BFPE samples. However, even Nanostring technology does not escape the limitation imposed by the degradation of the RNA templates, which could lead to misleading conclusions on the gene expression level.
Cumin Seed Oil Induces Oxidative Stress-Based Antifungal Activities on Fusarium graminearum
Authors: Yörük Emre , Danışman Zeynep , Pekmez Murat , Yli-Mattila Tapani
Published: May 2024

In this study, the antifungal activity of cumin seed oil (CSO) was tested on Fusarium graminearum. (i) Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and related concentrations (IC75, IC50, and IC25) were detected; (ii) toxicity was evaluated by a water-soluble tetrazolium salt-1 (WST-1) assay; (iii) genomic/epigenomic alterations were evaluated by the coupled restriction enzyme digestion-random amplification (CRED-RA) method; (iv) oxidative stress was investigated by CAT expression, catalase activity, and DCF-DA staining; (v) deoxynivalenol biosynthesis was evaluated by tri6 expression; (vi) and potential effects of CSO on wheat were tested by a water loss rate (WLR) assay. MIC, IC75, IC50 and IC25 values were detected at 0.5, 0.375, 0.25, and 0.125 mg mL−1. In WST-1 assays, significant decreases (p < 0.001) were detected. Genomic template stability (GTS) related to methylation differences ranged from 94.60% to 96.30%. Percentage polymorphism for HapII/MspI values were as 9.1%/15.8%. CAT (oxidative stress-related catalase) and tri6 (zinc finger motif transcription factor) gene expressions were recorded between 5.29 ± 0.74 and 0.46 ± 0.10 (p < 0.05). Increased catalase activity was detected (p < 0.05) by spectrophotometric assays. DCF-DA-stained (oxidative stressed) cells were increased in response to increased concentrations, and there were no significant changes in WLR values. It was concluded that CSO showed strong antifungal activity on F. graminearum via different physiological levels.
Discriminating Glioblastoma from Normal Brain Tissue In Vivo Using Optical Coherence Tomography and Angiography: A Texture and Microvascular Analysis Approach
Authors: Nguyễn-Hoàng Trung , Wang Tai-Ang , Wu Chia-Heng , Tsai Meng-Tsan
Published: May 2024

Brain tumors arise from abnormal cell growth in the brain. Glioblastoma, the most common and aggressive type, poses significant challenges for identification during surgery. The primary goal of this study is to identify and differentiate normal brain tissue from glioblastoma tissue using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA). These techniques offer a non-invasive way to analyze the morphological and microvascular alternations associated with glioblastoma in an animal model. To monitor the changes in morphology and vascular distribution of brain tissue as glioblastoma tumors grow, time-series OCT and OCTA results were collected for comparison. Texture analysis of OCT images was proposed using the gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM), from which homogeneity and variance were calculated as discriminative parameters. Additionally, OCTA was used to assess microvascular characteristics, including vessel diameter, density, and fractal dimension. The findings demonstrate that the proposed methods can effectively distinguish between normal and cancerous brain tissue in vivo.
EUV Radiation in the Range of 10–20 nm from Liquid Spray Targets Containing O, Cl, Br and I Atoms under Pulsed Laser Excitation
Authors: Guseva Valerie E. , Nechay Andrey N. , Perekalov Alexander A. , Chkhalo Nicolay I.
Published: May 2024

The article describes the results of an investigation to determine the values of radiation intensities emitted by O-, Cl-, Br-, and I-containing liquid spray targets in absolute units in the wavelength range 10–20 nm when excited by pulsed laser radiation. The conversion coefficients of laser radiation into the EUV radiation are given for some wavelengths. The authors’ specially designed pulse extrusion liquid supply system was used to form the liquid spray targets. An Nd:YAG laser with λ = 1064 nm, τ = 8.4 ns, and Epulse = 0.8 J was used to excite the targets. Spectral measurements were made using a grazing incidence grating spectrometer–monochromator. The absolute intensities of a number of emission lines were also measured using a Bragg spectrometer based on a Mo/Be multilayer X-ray mirror, calibrated by both sensitivity and wavelength. The high values of absolute intensities of the liquid targets in the extreme ultraviolet wavelength range were demonstrated.
Hydrothermal Hydrolysis of Cocoa Bean Shell to Obtain Bioactive Compounds
Authors: Sánchez Marta , Bernal Tamara , Laca Amanda , Laca Adriana , Díaz Mario
Published: May 2024

Cocoa bean shell (CBS), a by-product from the chocolate industry, is an interesting source of bioactive compounds. In this work, the effects of time and pH on the hydrothermal hydrolysis of CBS were evaluated with the aim of maximizing the extraction of antioxidant and functional compounds from this biomass. In general, all treatments tested led to improvements in the extraction of bioactive compounds compared to untreated samples. The maximum values for antioxidant activity (187 µmol TE/g CBS dw) and phenolic compounds (14.5 mg GAE/g CBS dw) were obtained when CBS was treated at pH 4 for 10 min. In addition, maximum amounts of flavonoids (10.1 mg CE/g CBS dw), tannins (6.5 mg CE/g CBS dw) and methylxanthines (9 mg/g CBS dw) were obtained under mild pH conditions (4–5). It is noteworthy that these values are higher than those reported in the literature for other vegetable substrates, highlighting the potential of CBS to be valorized as a source of different value-adding products.
An Encounter between Christian Medical Missions and Chinese Medicine in Modern History: The Case of Benjamin Hobson
Authors: Wong Man Kong
Published: May 2024

This article discusses how and why Christian medical missionaries established their foothold in Chinese society through the medical career of Benjamin Hobson, who was active in China from the late 1830s to the 1850s. Apart from his evangelical work among the Chinese, one of his key contributions was the new medical vocabularies he created to communicate medical knowledge. In addition to literary considerations, Hobson had his strategies for sharing modern medical knowledge. Moreover, he was prepared to debate with the Chinese over the validity of the pulse theory. The debate did not happen, however. His intention to establish the case for the superior position of Western medicine was not contested. His medical texts, at best, became the necessary underpinning for introducing modern Western medicine to China. When Western medical college projects took place in China at the turn of the century, biomedicine took over as the key paradigm, with Hobson’s medical texts being of limited use.
Risk of Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injury by Delivering Provider
Authors: Walker Taniya V. , Bryson Ciara , Rahman Sara , Carter-Brooks Charelle M.
Published: May 2024

Introduction and Hypothesis: Obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIs) complicate 5.8% of vaginal deliveries. Our objective was to assess if the primary delivery provider, a nurse-midwife versus physician obstetrician, is associated with OASIs. Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of the Consortium of Safe Labor, a multicenter, retrospective cohort study. Included were nulliparous women with singleton, vaginal delivery at ≥37 weeks from 2002 to 2008. Women were excluded if delivery was complicated by shoulder dystocia or from sites without midwife deliveries. Student’s t-tests, chi-squared analysis, and Fisher’s exact test were used as appropriate. Multivariable logistic regression and propensity score-matching analyses were performed. Results: Of 228,668 births at 19 sites, 2735 births from 3 sites met the inclusion criteria: 1551 physician and 1184 midwife births. Of all births, 4.2% (n = 116) were complicated by OASIs. Physician patients were older, more often White, privately insured, with higher BMI, more medical co-morbidities, and labor inductions/augmentations. Midwife patients had higher fetal gestational age and infant birth weights (all p < 0.05). OASIs were more common in physician compared to midwife births (5.9% vs. 2.0%, p < 0.0001). This difference persisted in multivariable logistic regression. OASIs were 2.4 (95%CI 1.5–3.9) times more likely with physician delivery when controlling for maternal heart disease, episiotomy, increasing maternal age, decreasing maternal BMI, non-White race, and increasing birthweight. The AUC was 0.78. With propensity score matching, OASI rates remained higher amongst physician births (6.6% vs. 1.8%, p < 0.0001; aOR 3.8 (95%CI 2.0–7.1)). Conclusion: OASIs were more common in physician compared to midwife deliveries even when controlling for other associated factors.
Evaluating and Comparing the Tensile Strength and Clinical Behavior of Monofilament Polyamide and Multifilament Silk Sutures: A Systematic Review
Authors: Alves de Oliveira Miriam , Arcanjo Alexandra , Castro Filipe , Fernandes Juliana Campos Hasse , Fernandes Gustavo Vicentis Oliveira
Published: May 2024

Objective: This systematic review was carried out with the primary objective of verifying which suture (polyamide or silk) of two non-resorbable suture materials with different structures had better/greater tensile strength/resistance to tension, thereby presenting better mechanical behavior. The secondary objective was to verify which one had better performance. The null hypothesis was that both types of sutures had the same behavior. Methods: This systematic study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) standards. The focused clinical question was: “In patients that underwent oral surgery treatment (P), is there significantly higher tensile strength/resistance for silk sutures (I) or for polyamide sutures (C) when comparing the outcomes (O)?”. The bibliographic search was conducted on ScienceDirect, B-On, and PubMed/MedLine between March and May 2023. The following MeSH terms were defined: sutures, breaking strength, tensile strength, oral surgery, and dentistry, which were articulated and combined using Boolean operators. There were restrictions, such as articles published in Portuguese, Spanish, or English between 1 January 2018 and 3 April 2023. The quality assessment involved the use of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist for RCTs and the QUIN tool (Quality Assessment Tool For In Vitro Studies) for in vitro assays. Results: Ten articles were included in this review (eight in vitro studies and two RCTs). For the RCTs, there were moderate and high levels of bias, whereas in the in vitro studies, three were classified as having a high risk of bias and five as moderate risk. The results proved that suture thread with a monofilament polyamide physical structure causes a less inflammatory reaction owing to less bacterial retention and capillarity, while multifilament sutures, such as silk, have superior mechanical characteristics. Regarding hydration, the evidence demonstrated that the preservation and stability of mechanical properties lacked uniformity. Otherwise, hyaluronic acid (HA) presents a promising solution with the same characteristics and antibacterial capabilities. Conclusion: It was possible to reject the null hypothesis that both types of sutures had the same behavior and result. It was proven by the results above that sutures with a monofilament polyamide physical structure cause a less inflammatory reaction owing to less bacterial retention and capillarity. In contrast, multifilament sutures (silk) have superior mechanical characteristics. Regarding hydration using chlorohexidine in surgical sites, the evidence demonstrated in the preservation and stability of mechanical properties lacks uniformity and congruence. However, HA seems to present a promising option with the same characteristics and antibacterial capabilities.
Exploring Ecological Management Plans for Typical Systems in Arid Areas from the Perspective of Ecosystem Service Value Evolution
Authors: Yao Litang , Zhang Xuebin , Yu Jiale , Liu Yanni , Du Hucheng , Li Xuehong
Published: May 2024

Ecological management zoning plays a significant role in optimizing resource utilization, improving ecosystem service function, and promoting coordinated regional development. Taking Hexi Corridor as a representative region of the Mountain–Oasis–Desert composite system in arid regions of Asia, this study analyzed the spatial and temporal evolution of ecosystem service values and explored the influencing mechanism based on the optimal parameters-based geographical detector model. We have comprehensively divided ecological management zones and proposed corresponding control strategies. The results show that (1) the Hexi Corridor is characterized by regional differentiation, which is composed of three systems: The southern mountain system, central oasis system, and northern desert system. The mountain system is mainly composed of forestland and grassland, the oasis system is mainly composed of cropland, and the desert system is mainly composed of unused land. The conversion of land use mainly involves the conversion of unused land to cropland and grassland, while grassland is mainly converted to cropland. (2) The ecosystem service value of the Hexi Corridor increased significantly and demonstrated agglomeration characteristics in space. The highest value areas are mainly distributed in the southern mountain, with higher value and medium areas mainly distributed in the central oasis, and the lowest value areas are mainly located in the northern desert. (3) Socio-economic factors greatly influence the spatial differentiation of ecosystem service values in the Hexi Corridor, with natural environmental factors having less impact. Additionally, the internal interaction of natural environmental factors is the most significant. (4) The Hexi Corridor is divided into three ecological management zones: Ecological function protection zone, ecological and agricultural coordinated development zone, and ecological and urbanization coordinated development zone. This research has important reference value for global ecological management in arid regions.
Assessing the Impact of Risk Factors on Vaccination Uptake Policy Decisions Using a Bayesian Network (BN) Approach
Authors: Abbas Hafiz Waqar , Sajid Zaman , Dao Uyen
Published: May 2024

This study evaluates the propagation impact of three risk categories (hazard and exposure, socio-economic vulnerability, and lack of coping capacity) and their associated factors on vaccination uptake policy decisions in Pakistan. This study proposed Bayesian influence diagrams using expert elicitation and data-driven approaches. The Bayesian network (BN) approach uses the best policy algorithm to determine the expected utility of decisions. The study found that the government’s firm vaccine uptake decisions had a positive effect in Pakistan. The findings on hazard and exposure-related factors show that people living in rural areas were more susceptible to COVID-19 than people living in urban areas. Among socio-economic vulnerability factors, household characteristics were affected due to household economic situations, fear of using health facilities due to the spread of COVID-19, lack of public transportation services, food insecurity, a temporary halt in education, and weak governance, which affected the vaccination uptake decision. The factors linked with coping capacity show that the government’s financial assistance and development of digital platforms raised digital health literacy and increased vaccine uptake decision utility. The proposed methodology and results of this study can be used to develop contingency planning for any future potential pandemic situations.
Talent Management Digitalization and Company Size as a Catalyst
Authors: Martínez-Morán Pedro César , Díez Fernando , Solabarrieta Josu , Fernández-Rico José María , Igoa-Iraola Elene
Published: May 2024

As companies increasingly undergo digital transformation, the role of talent management processes becomes pivotal in enhancing overall organizational performance. The objective of this research is to assess the extent to which greater digitalization in the talent management process is linked to company size. The research has addressed four research questions in order to explore the significance of talent management in corporate digital transformation, examining whether variations in the digitalization of these processes can be attributed to company size. A qualitative approach was employed, utilizing a questionnaire, and collecting responses from 202 organizations across diverse sectors. The findings reveal disparities in digitalization throughout the talent management process, with pronounced presence in the attracting, selecting, and rewarding phases, but diminishing in deployment and development, and further declining in planning. A positive correlation between company size and the adoption of specific digital platforms was observed. Larger enterprises exhibit greater utilization of digital platforms in talent deployment and development. Moreover, corporate communication tools are consistently utilized in the rewarding phase, irrespective of company size. These findings offer practical insights for organizations aiming to optimize their digitalization strategies based on their scale, thereby contributing to more effective and tailored digitalization endeavours. The uniqueness of this research lies in its exploration of the influence of company size on the digitalization of talent management processes and its potential to explain variations across different stages of these processes.
A Network Analysis of Symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Facets of Mindfulness
Authors: Rubin Mikael
Published: May 2024

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a mental health concern impacting a large proportion of the population. There is a growing interest in mindfulness-based treatments for PTSD. However, some individuals with PTSD do not respond to treatment. Identifying factors that may provide a more precise treatment approach has the potential to enhance response. Network analysis is a data-driven methodology that has been used to suggest specific targets for treatment. To date, there has not been a network analysis examining the interrelation between PTSD symptoms and trait mindfulness. The current study is an exploratory analysis of N = 214 adults from a non-clinical sample who endorsed a Criterion A traumatic event and completed the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 and the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire. Both undirected and directed networks were generated to identify links between PTSD symptom clusters and the facets of mindfulness. Both networks highlighted the connection between the PTSD symptom cluster Alterations in Arousal and Reactivity and the Awareness facet of mindfulness; and the PTSD symptom cluster Negative Alterations in Cognitions and Mood with the Non-judging facet of mindfulness. Taken together, these findings provide further evidence that greater mindfulness is generally associated with lower PTSD symptoms. Importantly, the findings highlight Non-judgement and Awareness as facets that might warrant further investigation in the context of mindfulness-based treatment efforts for PTSD.
PeV-Scale SUSY and Cosmic Strings from F-Term Hybrid Inflation
Authors: Pallis Constantinos
Published: May 2024

We consider F-term hybrid inflation (FHI) and SUSY breaking in the context of a B−L extension of the MSSM that largely respects a global U(1)R symmetry. The hidden sector Kaehler manifold enjoys an enhanced SU(1,1)/U(1) symmetry, with the scalar curvature determined by the achievement of a SUSY-breaking de Sitter vacuum without undesirable tuning. FHI turns out to be consistent with the data, provided that the magnitude of the emergent soft tadpole term is confined to the range (1.2–100) TeV, and it is accompanied by the production of B−L cosmic strings. If these are metastable, they are consistent with the present observations from PTA experiments on the stochastic background of gravitational waves with dimensionless tension Gμcs≃(1−9.2)·10−8. The μ parameter of the MSSM arises by appropriately adapting the Giudice–Masiero mechanism and facilitates the out-of-equilibrium decay of the R saxion at a reheat temperature lower than about 71 GeV. Due to the prolonged matter-dominated era, the gravitational wave signal is suppressed at high frequencies. The SUSY mass scale turns out to lie in the PeV region.
Graduate and Health Professional Student Knowledge, Attitudes, Beliefs, and Behavior Related to Human Papillomavirus and Human Papillomavirus Vaccination: A Scoping Review of the Literature
Authors: Gautreaux Joshua , Pittman Eric , LaPorte Kennedy , Yang Jiaxin , Barnard Marie
Published: May 2024

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted infection. Despite a safe and effective vaccine, uptake continues to be suboptimal. Recently, focus has moved to college campuses in an effort to increase vaccination rates. Little is known about the extent of efforts to reach graduate students on college campuses in the United States and the vaccination rates within this subpopulation. This scoping review assessed the literature on knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors about HPV and HPV vaccination among graduate and post-baccalaureate professional students in the United States. This review also aims to identify areas for further research to improve institutions’ abilities to create health programming to increase HPV awareness and HPV vaccination coverage on their campuses. Publications focusing on knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors about HPV and HPV vaccination in post-baccalaureate students were included. The systematic review of PubMed, CINAHL, and Embase identified 2562 articles, and 56 articles met all inclusion criteria and were included in this scoping review. A majority of the reviewed studies investigated some combination of knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, and beliefs about HPV and the HPV vaccine in students in professional programs such as medicine. Study design approaches were primarily cross-sectional, utilizing web-based survey distribution methods. HPV vaccination status and HPV screening behaviors were primarily measured through participant self-report. There is limited research investigating post-baccalaureate student knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors about HPV and HPV vaccination. There is a need for researchers to further investigate the needs of graduate students to create informative and effective HPV programming.
Potential Climate and Human Water-Use Effects on Water-Quality Trends in a Semiarid, Western U.S. Watershed: Fountain Creek, Colorado, USA
Authors: Bern Carleton R. , Ruckhaus Manya H. , Hennessy Erin
Published: May 2024

Nutrients, total dissolved solids (TDS), and trace elements affect the suitability of water for human and natural needs. Here, trends in such water-quality constituents are analyzed for 1999–2022 for eight nested monitoring sites in the 24,000 km2 Fountain Creek watershed in Colorado, USA, by using the weighted regressions on time, discharge, and season (WRTDS) methodology. Fountain Creek shares characteristics with other western U.S. watersheds: (1) an expanding but more water-efficient population, (2) a heavy reliance on imported water, (3) a semiarid climate trending towards warmer and drier conditions, and (4) shifts of water from agricultural to municipal uses. The WRTDS analysis found both upward and downward trends in the concentrations of nutrients that reflected possible shifts in effluent management, instream uptake, and water conservation by a watershed population that grew by about 40%. Selenium, other trace elements, and TDS can pose water-quality challenges downstream and their concentrations were found to have a downwards trend. Those trends could be driven by either a warming and drying of the local climate or decreased agricultural irrigation, as both would reduce recharge and subsequent mobilization from natural geologic sources via groundwater discharge. The patterns illustrate how changes in climate and water use may have affected water quality in Fountain Creek and demonstrate the patterns to look for in other western watersheds.
An Effective Charging Torque Elimination Method for Dual-Channel Electric-Drive-Reconstructed Onboard Chargers
Authors: Cheng Xunhui , Yu Feng , Qiu Linhao
Published: May 2024

The idea of electric-drive-reconstructed onboard charger (EDROC) systems, along with the concept of dual-channel charging, offers a novel design, thought to enhance the integration and fault tolerance of the charging system of electric vehicles (EVs). This article investigates a dual-channel EDROC incorporating an asymmetrical six-phase permanent magnet synchronous machine (ASPMSM). A unique operation mode, called the unbalanced charging voltage operation mode, exists in this topology, in case the voltages of the two batteries are unequal. This unbalance results in different winding currents following through two channels, leading to an undesired charging torque in the machine. To ensure the safety of the system, an effective charging torque elimination method, based on dual-channel winding current balance, is proposed, which achieves a dot-shaped current path of torque generation-associated subspace (i.e., α–β subspace) by balancing the dual-channel charging power. Eventually, a controller is designed for the system and a prototype is created, to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Black Youth Rising: Understanding Motivations and Challenges in Young Adult Activism
Authors: Briggs Alexis
Published: May 2024

Black young adults participate in activism to challenge and transform oppressive systems. In this qualitative study, we employed thematic analysis and used the framework of sociopolitical development (SPD) to explore their motivations and challenges to participation amid the COVID-19 pandemic and the summer of 2020 in the United States. Semi-structured interviews with 22 Black young adults in early 2022 revealed that social identities, sense of legacy, impact, and morals drove their participation. Further, contending with systemic oppression, impact, harm, and working with others challenged their participation. This study holds valuable insights for stakeholders as they support and empower young Black activists navigating social justice efforts in our dynamic and evolving sociopolitical landscape. Further, this work highlights the enduring tradition of activism within the Black community and emphasizes the need to empower young Black activists as change agents in the pursuit of a more equitable society.
Resource potential of dust entrainment of asphalt-concrete plants
Authors: Shestakov N. I. , Aleshin N. D. , Makarov A. D.
Published: May 2024

In the modern construction industry, the problem of finding materials with increased stability that would provide minimal environmental impact with optimal economic efficiency is urgent. Considering global trends in the field of ecology and sustainable development, attention is focused on recycling and reuse of industrial waste. Of particular interest is the pulverized material formed during the operation of asphalt concrete plants. In this paper, the potential of integrating this type of waste as an alternative construction resource is studied. This article focuses on the urgent need to adapt the principles of sustainability in construction practice through the integration of materials with minimal environmental footprint. The key aspect of the study is the concept of recycling of pulverized waste from asphalt concrete production, which can help optimize the resource potential and reduce the environmental burden on the ecosystem. The study examines various dust compositions obtained from asphalt plants of different operating principles. The morphology of particles and the bitumen capacity parameter were investigated. It was found that by replacing up to 50% of mineral powder with carryover dust, there can be a significant environmental and economic impact for the road construction industry.
Prediction of characteristics of soil-concrete massifs created by injection of extremely finedispersed binders (microcements)
Authors: Alekseev V. A. , Bazhenova S. I. , Monakhina A. A.
Published: May 2024

The urgency of the problem associated with the use of injection erection technology of soil cementation in various engineering and geological conditions is substantiated. Due to the peculiarities of cementation technologies under various modes of injection impregnation and the possibility of applying certain technical injection parameters for different types of soils, it is possible to improve various deformation characteristics of the soil mass when implementing the technology. Some results of the analysis of the work of injection cementation of soils in dispersed soils are presented and general patterns are established under which it is necessary to adjust the parameters of cementation. The theoretical prerequisites are considered in relation to experimental data, the effectiveness of the application of cementing technology in the injection impregnation mode is proved and the general applicability of the application of these cementing methods with an increase in the technical indicators of the fixed soils is established.
Estrategias matemáticas, desarrollo sostenible y su incidencia en estudiantes de bachillerato
Authors: Naranjo-Mora Maira Juana
Published: May 2024

El objetivo general de la investigación fue analizar las estrategias matemáticas, desarrollo sostenible y su incidencia en estudiantes de bachillerato. El estudio se realizó desde la perspectiva cuantitativa, mediante la recopilación y análisis crítico de referencias documentales y bibliográficas. Desde un diseño bibliográfico de tipo documental, el investigador ejecutó un proceso investigativo donde la población de estudio se fundamentó básicamente en documentos escritos como tesis y trabajos arbitrados. Lo analítico–sintético, se apoyó en descomponer mentalmente el sistema estudiado en varios compendios. Se recurrió, además, al método inductivo-deductivo. Se concluye que, las estrategias matemáticas son esenciales para el crecimiento sostenible de los estudiantes de bachillerato. A lo largo de esta investigación se destaca cuán importantes son para fomentar la creatividad, la innovación, la resolución de problemas ambientales y el pensamiento crítico. Además, se ha examinado cómo se aplican estas técnicas en el ámbito del desarrollo sostenible, como el análisis estadístico.
Adaptaciones curriculares y su importancia en estudiantes con necesidades educativas especiales
Authors: Palacios-García Tito
Published: May 2024

El objetivo general de la investigación fue analizar las adaptaciones curriculares y su importancia en estudiantes con necesidades educativas especiales. La investigación se llevó a cabo desde una perspectiva cuantitativa mediante la recuperación, recopilación y análisis de referencias documentales y bibliográficas. En este sentido, los investigadores utilizaron un diseño bibliográfico de tipo documental para llevar a cabo un proceso de investigación en el que la población de estudio se basó principalmente en documentos escritos, textos, trabajos arbitrados y tesis. Se apoyaron, en método analítico-sintético. Además, se empleó el enfoque inductivo-deductiv concluyendo, que las adaptaciones curriculares son esenciales para los estudiantes con necesidades educativas especiales. Al adaptar los contenidos, metodologías y materiales a sus necesidades y capacidades, estas ayudan a mejorar su aprendizaje. Además, permiten que los estudiantes participen plenamente en el currículo general, adaptado a su nivel, lo que fomenta la inclusión educativa.
Conocimiento de los beneficios de la lactancia materna en madres de 18 a 40 años en la ciudad de Ibarra
Authors: Vera-Ochoa Rebeca Doménica , León-Vera Camila Mishel , Montaluisa-Iguago Mery Nicole , Chachalo-Sandoval Mónica Gabriela
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: Evaluar los conocimientos de las madres sobre los beneficios de la lactancia materna en la ciudad de Ibarra – Ecuador en el año 2023. Método: Descriptiva observacional. Resultados: El 1% abandono la lactancia materna por miedo a los cambios físicos de su cuerpo especialmente en los senos, el 6% de las madres abandonó la lactancia por el tiempo que requiere amamantar, el 11% abandonó la lactancia por la escasa productividad de la leche. Conclusión: Entre los factores asociados predominantes para la interrupción de la lactancia materna se identificaron los siguientes: el trabajo fuera de casa, la insuficiencia de conocimiento sobre los componentes de la leche materna, los estudios y por molestias durante la lactancia están entre los porcentajes más altos de este estudio.
Factores desencadenantes de parto pretérmino en gestantes
Authors: Navarrete-Balladares Luis Alfredo , Almeida-Pozo Joselyn Lenina , Chachalo-Sandoval Mónica Gabriela
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: Determinar los factores desencadenantes de parto pretérmino en gestantes. Método: Descriptiva observacional de corte transversal. Conclusión: Se determinó que los 3 principales factores predisponentes del parto pretérmino en gestantes que acudieron al Hospital San Luis de Otavalo, fueron en pacientes con infecciones vaginales con un 28%, seguido de la Multiparidad y la ausencia de controles prenatales con un porcentaje igualitario de 23%.
Criterios para la rehabilitación de un paciente edéntulo parcial. Revisión sistemática
Authors: Grijalva-Bueno Antonella , Sangoluisa-Tipantiza Vanessa Abigail , Herrera-Barrera Ana María , Grijalva-Palacios Miryan Margarita
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: Analizar los criterios para la rehabilitación de un paciente edéntulo parcial desde una revisión sistemática. Método: Revisión sistemática de la literatura científica a partir del procedimiento PRISMA. En una población de 17 artículos ubicados en búsqueda en diferentes fuentes electrónicas como PubMed, Scopus, SCIELO. Conclusión: Las lesiones endodónticas – periodontales dependen mucho de sus factores etiológicos. Existen diferentes técnicas para para rehabilitar dientes tratados endodónticamente, una de las opciones terapéuticas es la utilización de postes prefabricados por su éxito biomecánico, fácil manipulación y bajo costo.
Manejo de estabilidad protésica
Authors: Villafuerte-Moya Camila Alejandra , Rosero-Rosero Rogoberto Rhonny , Yanza-Freire Jonathan Armando
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: Analizar el manejo de estabilidad protésica. Método: Descriptiva documental. Conclusión: El edentulismo llega a afectar drásticamente a las personas que lo padecen perdiendo funciones como la masticación, la fonética y la estética, afectando psicológica, social y funcionalmente.
THE PERVERSE EFFECTS OF SHARED MANAGEMENT OF A CROSS-BORDER CONSERVATION AREA
Authors: WILONDJA  , ZO Hasina RABEMANANJARA
Published: May 2024

Cross-border cooperation is gaining momentum across Africa, giving rise to a new type of natural resource management: shared management. The importance of this type of cooperation lies in the pooling of conservation efforts. The idea of this article is to contribute to this debate by analysing the functioning of transboundary governance in the field of natural resources within a transboundary conservation area (CTA) by providing an overview of the challenges caused by the institutionalisation of transboundary cooperation in the transboundary space. It is a question of taking into account the pernicious consequences of the cross-border project on symbolic representations, but also at the level of the cross-border institutional frameworks put in place. To provide an overview of these perverse effects and their nature, the methodology used is based on the analysis of perceptions and the study of the actors' interactions. The issue of shared management in a transboundary context is addressed through seven comparative case studies: W Park, Mount Nimba, Ziama-Wonogizi-Wologizi, Outamba Kilili Pensely Soya, Télé-Lac Tumba, Tri National de la Sangha and Virunga.
FOOD INSECURITY DYNAMICS AND PRODUCTION CHALLENGES AMONG RICE FARMERS IN EKITI STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Olaniyi
Published: May 2024

This research empirically explored the determinants of food insecurity dynamics and production challenges faced by rice farmers in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Primary data were gathered through a well-designed questionnaire, and 420 respondents were randomly selected for the study. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Logit regression. The study identified crucial factors significantly influencing food insecurity, including the age of the household head, years of formal education, savings, value of owned livestock, vulnerability status, and incidents of crop loss. In the case of rice production challenges, participants were faced with issues such as inadequate funds, the adverse impacts of climate change, poor road conditions, depressed prices for milled rice, escalating input costs, and a conspicuous absence of storage facilities. To address these challenges and foster sustainable rice farming in Ekiti State, we recommend the implementation of comprehensive policies which include targeted financial support mechanisms for farmers, initiatives to mitigate the impact of climate change on agriculture, infrastructural improvements on road networks, strategies to stabilize and enhance rice prices, measures to alleviate the burden of high input costs, and the development of storage facilities to minimize post-harvest losses.
MIDDLE MIOCENE ELACHISTOCERAS (BOVIDAE: MAMMALIA) FROM CHINJI FORMATION OF PAKISTAN: NEW REMAINS
Authors: Asim Muhammad , Mahmood Khalid
Published: May 2024

New fossils of a small bovid are collected from the Chinji Formation of the Potwar Plateau, northern Pakistan. The fossils are assigned to Elachistoceras khauristanensis, based on the morphometric analysis. Elachistoceras is one of the smallest and a rare record of bovid species from the Siwaliks. This contribution presents additional anatomical and morphometrical information about the horn core of the smallest Miocene bovid E. khauristanensis.
Los códices en vascuence de la Biblioteca Nacional de París
Authors: Larráyoz Martín
Published: May 2024

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El idioma vasco en Compostela
Authors: González Pérez Claudio
Published: May 2024

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Gogo en Tartas
Authors: Goenaga Angel
Published: May 2024

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Toponimia menor de la cuenca
Authors: Oroz Arizcuren Francisco Javier
Published: May 2024

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Teaching and Measuring Multidimensional Inquiry Skills using Interactive Simulations
Authors: Shved Ekaterina , Bumbacher Engin , Mejia-Domenzain Paola , Kapur Manu , Käser Tanja
Published: May 2024

Interactive simulations play a significant role in science education, serving as a platform for inquiry-based learning and fostering the development of scientific knowledge and skills. However, teaching and quantitatively measuring inquiry strategies has proven to be challenging due to their complex and inherently multidimensional nature. Our study goes beyond the prevalent focus on the Control of Variables Strategy (CVS) in prior work by incorporating additional relevant inquiry strategies in both teaching and measurement: exploring the variable range and conducting experiments under optimal conditions. We tested two different instructional approaches to jointly teach the three strategies by focusing either on data collection or on data interpretation. 161 chemistry apprentices were randomly assigned to one of the two instructional conditions or a control group without instruction and engaged in experimentation using an interactive simulation. In order to analyze joint strategy use, we applied a multi-step clustering method to students' log data that helped identify multidimensional student profiles of inquiry strategies. We found four profiles that related differently to conceptual learning, suggesting that combining strategies is more effective for conceptual learning than utilizing them individually. We also found that students instructed on data collection increased the use of strategy combinations with an emphasis on CVS. This suggests a potential avenue for assessing instruction efficacy, indicating that the impact may be strategy-specific. Source code and materials are released at https://github.com/epfl-ml4ed/inquiry-skills.
NUMERICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF THE ABRASIVE WEAR
OF TWO STEELS USED IN TILLAGE TOOLS
Authors: SÁNCHEZ-IZNAGA Ángel , MONTES-RODRÍGUEZ Carlos , TORRES-RODRÍGUEZ Roberto , GONZÁLEZ-LÓPEZ Nadia , PÉREZ-GUERRERO Julio , RECAREY-MORFA Carlos , HERRERA-SUÁREZ Miguel
Published: May 2024

This study combines computer simulation using the Discrete Element Method (DEM) with field experiments to assess the resistance to abrasive wear of AISI 1010 and AISI C1064 steels in tillage tools. It was found that the wear on AISI 1010 was over 50% higher than on AISI C1064. The DEM model accurately predicted wear (e=0.005g, R^2=99.8%), regardless of operational conditions and steel characteristics. The mean absolute errors of the simulation compared to field tests were 0.01937 g for AISI C1064 and 0.08619 g for AISI 1010.
CHERRY SEGMENTATION AND IDENTIFICATION BASED ON DeepLabV3 IN COMPLEX ORCHARD ENVIRONMENT
Authors: WU Jinlong , MIAO Ronghui
Published: May 2024

Aiming at the problems of less research on cherry segmentation and identification, with slow recognition speed and low classification accuracy in agricultural products, a method based on DeepLabV3 was proposed to realize the rapid segmentation and identification of cherry in complex orchard environment. Complex environment mainly includes front lighting, back lighting, cloudy and rainy days, single fruit, multi fruit, fruit overlap, and branch and leaf occlusion. This model proposed the Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling (ASPP) module to effectively extract multi-scale contextual information, and solved the problem of target segmentation at multiple scales. The obtained data was divided into training, validation and testing sets in 7:1:2 ratios, and the residual network 50 (ResNet50) was selected as backbone of the DeepLabV3. Experimental results show that the algorithm in this paper can segment cherry quickly and accurately, the mean intersection over union (MIoU) was 91.06%, the mean pixel accuracy (MPA) was 93.05%, and the kappa coefficient was 0.89, which was better than fully convolutional networks (FCN), SegNet, DeepLabV1 and DeepLabV2. It is demonstrated that this study can provide technical support for intelligent segmentation of agricultural products.
Międzykulturowe otwarcie komunikacyjne
Authors: Legut Agnieszka , Kasprowicz Dominika
Published: May 2024

Prezentowany tekst daje wgląd w wyniki pierwszego etapu badań, które przeprowadzono w okresie od kwietnia do grudnia 2021 r. wśród gminnych (krakowskich) instytucji kultury. Autorki, opierając się na koncepcji międzykulturowego otwarcia instytucji, analizując materiały zastane, proponują typologię, w której uwidaczniają się podmioty 1) otwarte na wielokulturowość, 2) budujące mosty oraz 3) kalibrujące swoje działania włączające tak, aby uwzględnić lokalny wymiar wielokulturowości, czyli obecność Nowych Krakowian. Autorki rekonstruują obraz Krakowa, jego instytucji kultury i stanu komunikacji (w perspektywie otwarcia wielokulturowego), jakiego już nie ma, a jednocześnie, który to (nieistniejący już) obraz może stanowić istotny punkt odniesienia dla bieżących badań medioznawczych, kulturoznawczych i innych.
Organizacje pozarządowe na rzecz budowania rezyliencji miejskich przestrzeni dziedzictwa
Authors: Hołuj Dominika
Published: May 2024

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki analizy działań organizacji pożytku publicznego w zakresie aktywności budujących rezyliencję przestrzeni dziedzictwa w polskich miastach w latach 2019–2021. Zidentyfikowano rodzaje tych działań, ustalając, że OPP w szczególności podejmują działania strażnicze, prewencyjne, reaktywne, wspierając potencjał adaptacyjny obiektów i przestrzeni dziedzictwa do współczesnych potrzeb i przywracając pamięć miejsc. Wyraźnie rysuje się korelacja pomiędzy kierunkami działania OPP a brakami kompetencyjnymi, kadrowymi czy organizacyjnymi publicznych instytucji formalnie odpowiedzialnych za ochronę dziedzictwa i zrównoważone włączanie go w rozwój społeczno-gospodarczy.
ﺑﻳﺋﺔ ﺗﻌﻠﻳﻣﻳﺔ ﻣﺗﻌﺩﺩﺓ ﺍﻷﻏﺭﺍﺽ ﻟﺗﺩﺭﻳﺱ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺗﺭﺑﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻧﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺩﺍﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﻣﺭﺣﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻧﻭﻳﺔ
Authors: ﺃ.ﻡ.ﺩ. ﻣﺎﺟﺩ ﻧﺎﻓﻊ ﺍﻟﻛﻧﺎﻧﻲ
Published: May 2024

ﻴﻌد اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴم ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻤﻨظﻤﺔ ﻫﺎدﻓﺔ ﺘﺴﻌﻰ ﻟﻐﺎﻴﺔ ﺘرﺘﺒط ﺒﺤﺎﺠـﺎت وﻤﺘطﻠﺒـﺎت اﻟﻤـﺘﻌﻠم ﻤـن
 
ﺠﻬﺔ واﻫداف اﻟﻤؤﺴﺴﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﺘﻌﻠم ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻤن ﺠﻬﺔ اﺨرى ٬ وﻫو ﻴﺘوﺨﻰ اﻟﺘﺨطﻴط اﻟـﻰ
 
زﻴـﺎدة ﺨﺒـ ارت اﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻤـﻴن ﻤــن اﻟﻤﻌـﺎرف واﻟﻤﻌﻠوﻤـﺎت واﻟﻤﻬـﺎ ارت ﻻﻏﻨــﺎء ﺤﻴـﺎﺘﻬم ٬ وذﻟـك ﻤــن
 
ﺨﻼﻝ اﺨﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻤواد اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻼﺌﻤﺔ ﻟﻘـد ارﺘﻬم اﻟﻌﻘﻠﻴـﺔ وﻤـدرﻛﺎﺘﻬم اﻟﺤﺴـﻴﺔ واﻟﺘـﻲ ﺘﺒﻨـﻰ ﻋﻠـﻰ
 
ط ارﺌق واﺴﺎﻟﻴب ﺤدﻴﺜﺔ.