bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Real-Time 3D Virtual Target Fluoroscopic Display for Challenging Hepatocellular Carcinoma Ablations Using Cone Beam CT
Authors: Sutter Olivier , Fihri Amina , Ourabia-Belkacem Rafik , Sellier Nicolas , Diallo Abou , Seror Olivier
Published: August 2018

Three-dimensional virtual target fluoroscopic display is a new guidance tool that can facilitate challenging percutaneous ablation. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility, local efficacy, and safety of liver ablation assisted by three-dimensional virtual target fluoroscopic display. Sixty-seven hepatocellular carcinomas (mean diameter: 31 mm, range: 9-90 mm, 24 ≥ 30 mm, 16 of an infiltrative form) in 53 consecutive patients were ablated using irreversible electroporation (n = 39), multibipolar radiofrequency (n = 25), or microwave (n = 3) under a combination of ultrasound and three-dimensional virtual target fluoroscopic display guidance because the procedures were considered to be unfeasible under ultrasound alone. This guidance technology consisted of real-time fluoroscopic three-dimensional visualization of the tumor previously segmented from cone beam computed tomography images acquired at the start of the procedure. The results were assessed by cross-sectional imaging performed at 1 month and then every 3 months in the event of complete ablation. Factors associated with overall local tumor progression (initial treatment failure and subsequent local tumor progression) were assessed using a logistic regression model. Sixty-one (91%) tumors were completely ablated after 1 (n = 53) or 2 (n = 8) procedures. After a median follow-up of 12.75 months (1-23.2) of the 61 tumors displaying imaging characteristics consistent with complete ablation at 1 month, local tumor progression was observed in 9, so the overall local tumor progression rate was 22.3% (15 of 67). Under multivariate analysis, dome locations and infiltrative forms were associated with local tumor progression. No major complications occurred. Three-dimensional virtual target fluoroscopic display is a feasible and efficient image guidance tool to facilitate challenging ablations that are generally considered as infeasible using ultrasound alone.
US Army performance appraisal policy analysis: a simulation optimization approach
Authors: Evans Lee A , Bae Ki-Hwan G
Published: August 2018

An effective performance appraisal system is critical in identifying officers with the knowledge, skills, and abilities to lead the future military force. The US Army uses a forced distribution performance appraisal system that limits the number of above average evaluations raters can award to their subordinates. Aside from job performance, multiple factors contribute to the rating an individual receives in such systems. These factors include a rater’s span of control (the number of subordinates being rated), the frequency at which individuals change raters, regulatory constraints pertaining to the number of top evaluations a rater can award, and the rater behavior. Using performance appraisal data provided by the US Army Human Resources Command, we develop a discrete-event simulation model that represents Army officers in the current forced distribution performance appraisal system. We then apply ranking and selection simulation optimization techniques to evaluate and optimize controllable input parameters in the simulated system. Our results show the potential of reducing the number of officers not receiving the number of above average evaluations commensurate with their performance level by as much as 24%. The results also further indicate the general applicability of simulation optimization in the fields of manpower modeling and policy analysis.
Revisiting isotonic phase I design in the era of model-assisted dose-finding
Authors: Wages Nolan A. , Conaway Mark R
Published: August 2018

Background/aims

In the conduct of phase I trials, the limited use of innovative model-based designs in practice has led to an introduction of a class of “model-assisted” designs with the aim of effectively balancing the trade-off between design simplicity and performance. Prior to the recent surge of these designs, methods that allocated patients to doses based on isotonic toxicity probability estimates were proposed. Like model-assisted methods, isotonic designs allow investigators to avoid difficulties associated with pre-trial parametric specifications of model-based designs. The aim of this work is to take a fresh look at an isotonic design in light of the current landscape of model-assisted methods.

Methods

The isotonic phase I method of Conaway, Dunbar, and Peddada was proposed in 2004 and has been regarded primarily as a design for dose-finding in drug combinations. It has largely been overlooked in the single-agent setting. Given its strong simulation performance in application to more complex dose-finding problems, such as drug combinations and patient heterogeneity, as well as the recent development of user-friendly software to accompany the method, we take a fresh look at this design and compare it to a current model-assisted method. We generated operating characteristics of the Conaway–Dunbar–Peddada method using a new web application developed for simulating and implementing the design and compared it to the recently proposed Keyboard design that is based on toxicity probability intervals.

Results

The Conaway–Dunbar–Peddada method has better performance in terms of accuracy of dose recommendation and safety in patient allocation in 17 of 20 scenarios considered. The Conaway–Dunbar–Peddada method also allocated fewer patients to doses above the maximum tolerated dose than the Keyboard method in many of scenarios studied. Overall, the performance of the Conaway–Dunbar–Peddada method is strong when compared to the Keyboard method, making it a viable simple alternative to the model-assisted methods developed in recent years.

Conclusion

The Conaway–Dunbar–Peddada method does not rely on the specification and fitting of a parametric model for the entire dose-toxicity curve to estimate toxicity probabilities as other model-based designs do. It relies on a similar set of pre-trial specifications to toxicity probability interval-based methods, yet unlike model-assisted methods, it is able to borrow information across all dose levels, increasing its efficiency. We hope this concise study of the Conaway–Dunbar–Peddada method, and the availability of user-friendly software, will augment its use in practice.
Selective maintenance optimization for random phased-mission systems subject to random common cause failures
Authors: Jia Xisheng , Cao Wenbin , Hu Qiwei
Published: August 2018

In both industrial and military fields, there is such a kind of complicated system termed as phased-mission system, which executes missions composed of several different phases in sequence. The structure, failure behavior, and working conditions of such a system may change from phase to phase. The duration of each phase of such a system involved is random and follows a probability distribution, and the system may suffer some events resulting in simultaneous failures of different elements with different probabilities. In order to guarantee such a system completes the phased-mission successfully, a selective maintenance model for random phased-mission systems subject to random common cause failures is proposed to optimally identify a subset of maintenance activities to be performed on some elements of the system. Thereinto, a novel analytic model is developed to estimate the probability of the maintained random phased-mission system successfully completing the phased-mission, and we compare it with a well-known Monte Carlo Simulation approach. Finally, the proposed selective maintenance model has been successfully applied to an artillery weapon system. Comparative analysis is carried out to compare the proposed model with the traditional ones, including selective maintenance models for deterministic phased-mission systems and deterministic single-phase mission systems. The results show that ignoring some mission properties (e.g. randomness and multiple phases) in selective maintenance optimization will lead to (1) incorrect system and mission modeling, (2) incorrect computation of the probability of the random phased-mission system successfully completing a mission, and/or (3) nonoptimal selective maintenance options.
Blue Jeans Stage and Screen
Authors: Mayer David , Day-Mayer Helen
Published: August 2018

Scholars of Victorian and Edwardian theatre necessarily piece together their accounts of ephemeral performance through manuscripts, reviews, and other responses preserved in print and visual culture. However, films made between 1895 and 1935 offer frequent, unexpected, and sometimes curiously skewed glimpses of the Victorian and Edwardian stage. This essay focuses on John H. Collins’s 1917 silent film adaptation of Blue Jeans, Joseph Arthur’s melodrama, popular from its New York debut in 1890. The melodrama is perhaps most famous for ‘the great sawmill scene’. This iconic scene, an early example of an episode in which a helpless victim is tied to a board approaching a huge buzz saw, turns a mundane setting into a terrifying site for suspense, violence, and attempted murder. Whilst the film made alterations and abridgements, the overall effect was to preserve the play’s distinctive features. Our essay shows how the stage version is preserved within Collins’s film adaptation so that the cinematic artefact gives unique access to the Victorian theatrical work. Films not only preserve Victorian forms in modern media and extend the reach of Victorian culture, but also open a new resource and methodology for understanding Victorian and Edwardian theatre.
Introducing NASN’s New Data Initiative: National School Health Data Set: Every Student Counts! Make This YOUR Year of Data
Authors: Maughan Erin D. , Johnson Kathleen H. , Bergren Martha Dewey
Published: August 2018

The National Association of School Nurses (NASN) is launching a new data initiative: National School Health Data Set: Every Student Counts! This article describes the vision of the initiative, as well as what school nurses can do to advance a data-driven school health culture. This is the first article in a data and school nursing series for the 2018-2019 school year. For more information on NASN’s initiative and to learn how school nurses can join the data revolution, go to http://nasn.org/everystudentcounts
Differences in the Magnitude of Representational Momentum Between School-Aged Children and Adults as a Function of Experimental Task
Authors: Shirai Nobu , Izumi Erika , Imura Tomoko , Ishihara Masami , Imanaka Kuniyasu
Published: August 2018

Representational momentum (RM) is the phenomenon that occurs when an object moves and then disappears, and the recalled final position of the object shifts in the direction of its motion. Some previous findings indicate that the magnitude of RM in early childhood is comparable to that in adulthood, whereas other findings suggest that the magnitude of RM is significantly greater in childhood than in adulthood. We examined whether the inconsistencies between previous studies could be explained by differences in the experimental tasks used in these studies. Futterweit and Beilin used a same-different judgment between the position where a moving stimulus disappeared and where a comparison stimulus reappeared (judging task), whereas Hubbard et al. used a task wherein a computer mouse cursor pointed to the position where the moving stimulus disappeared (pointing task). Three age groups ( M = 7.4, 10.7, and 22.1 years, respectively) participated in both the judging and pointing tasks in the current study. A multivariate analysis of variance with the magnitudes of RM in each task as dependent variables revealed a significant main effect for age. A one-way analysis of variance performed for each of the judging and pointing tasks also indicated a significant main effect of age. However, post hoc multiple comparisons detected a significant age effect only for the pointing task. The inconsistency between the judging and pointing tasks was discussed related to the distinct effect size of the age difference in the magnitude of RM between the two tasks.
Is Civility Contagious? Examining the Impact of Modeling in Online Political Discussions
Authors: Han Soo-Hye , Brazeal LeAnn M. , Pennington Natalie
Published: August 2018

This study examines a way to promote civility in online political discussions through modeling discursive cues. An online experiment ( N = 321) was conducted to investigate the impact of civil and uncivil discursive cues on participants’ mode of discussion. Results show that participants who were exposed to civil cues were more likely to engage in civil discourse themselves, stay on-topic, and offer additional perspectives in their comments. We also found that metacommunication (i.e., talking about the tone of discussion) engendered more metacommunication. This study illustrates the impact of modeling discursive cues and illuminates the possibility that participants in online discussion can improve their discursive environment.
Modelling perceived syncopation in popular music drum patterns
Authors: Hoesl Florian , Senn Olivier
Published: August 2018

Recent studies suggest that rhythmic syncopation is a relevant predictor for groove. In order to validate these claims, a reliable measure of rhythmic syncopation is required. This article investigates whether a particular notation-based model for estimating syncopation in Western popular music drum patterns adequately predicts perceived syncopation. A listening experiment was carried out with 25 professional musicians. Six popular music drum patterns were presented to the participants in all 15 pairwise combinations, and the participants chose the pattern from each pair that was more syncopated (win), compared to the other pattern (lose). Perceived syncopation was defined as the proportion of wins for each stimulus. The experiment showed that the model works well in general, but that it overemphasises the weight of syncopes on weak metric positions. This exaggerates the syncopation value of one particular drum pattern and generally leads to inflated syncopation values in the upper syncopation range. In consequence, the fit between the model and perceived syncopation was poor, even when flexible logarithmic functions [Formula: see text], p < .001) or exponential approach functions ([Formula: see text], p < .001) were used to link the model predictions to perceived syncopation. The model was revised and a numeric optimisation process was carried out to improve its fit. The revised model produces syncopation estimates that have a linear relationship with the perceived syncopation measures and a good fit with the data ([Formula: see text], p = .469). However, this revised model is based on only six drum patterns that cover a very limited range of rhythmic phenomena. In order to create a general model of syncopation in popular music drum patterns, further modelling work is necessary that involves a larger number and a wider variety of patterns.
Surgeon Management of Osteoporosis in Instrumented Spine Surgery: AOSpine Latin America Survey
Authors: Pantoja Samuel , Molina Marcelo
Published: August 2018

Study Design:

Survey study.

Objective:

To determine the impact of osteoporosis (OP) in instrumented spine surgery among Latin American spine surgeons.

Methods:

An electronic survey on aspects of instrumented spine surgery and OP was sent electronically to all members of AOSpine Latin America (AOSLA): 16 multiple-choice questions included incidence and type of complications experienced, strategies to avoid intraoperative complications, on prevention of complications and OP assessment and treatment prior to surgery.

Results:

A total of 349 spine surgeons from a universe of 377 surgeons (230 orthopedic surgeons and 147 neurosurgeons), associated members of AOSLA answered the survey. About 80% recalled complications directly related to OP and 71% had revised instrumentation because of OP-related complications. Techniques for prevention of intraoperative complications varied; 65% extended instrumentation to additional segments, 63% performed vertebral body cement injection alone or associated with instrumentation. Preoperative screening was used by 19% but increased to 75% if patients had risk factors. A limit value of bone mineral density for delaying surgery was not established for 66.4% of respondents. Consultation for OP management was requested by 81%, mostly to endocrinology (56.3%). Interestingly, 19% personally managed their patient's OP.

Conclusion:

This study provides a global perspective on how Latin American spine surgeons manage patients with OP undergoing instrumented spine surgery. Most have faced complications associated with OP and have had to resolve them surgically. Spine surgeons frequently participate partially in managing patients with OP. Most refer patients with OP for treatment to the endocrinology.
Bayesian Reanalyses From Summary Statistics: A Guide for Academic Consumers
Authors: Ly Alexander , Raj Akash , Etz Alexander , Marsman Maarten , Gronau Quentin F. , Wagenmakers Eric-Jan
Published: August 2018

Across the social sciences, researchers have overwhelmingly used the classical statistical paradigm to draw conclusions from data, often focusing heavily on a single number: p. Recent years, however, have witnessed a surge of interest in an alternative statistical paradigm: Bayesian inference, in which probabilities are attached to parameters and models. We feel it is informative to provide statistical conclusions that go beyond a single number, and—regardless of one’s statistical preference—it can be prudent to report the results from both the classical and the Bayesian paradigms. In order to promote a more inclusive and insightful approach to statistical inference, we show how the Summary Stats module in the open-source software program JASP ( https://jasp-stats.org ) can provide comprehensive Bayesian reanalyses from just a few commonly reported summary statistics, such as t and N. These Bayesian reanalyses allow researchers—and also editors, reviewers, readers, and reporters—to (a) quantify evidence on a continuous scale using Bayes factors, (b) assess the robustness of that evidence to changes in the prior distribution, and (c) gauge which posterior parameter ranges are more credible than others by examining the posterior distribution of the effect size. The procedure is illustrated using Festinger and Carlsmith’s (1959) seminal study on cognitive dissonance.
Multi-institutional analysis of independent predictors for burn mortality in the United States
Authors: Zavlin Dmitry , Chegireddy Vishwanath , Boukovalas Stefanos , Nia Anna M. , Branski Ludwik K. , Friedman Jeffrey D. , Echo Anthony
Published: August 2018

Background

Previous reports individually identified different factors that predict death after burns. The authors employed the multi-center American Burn Association’s (ABA) National Burn Repository (NBR) to elucidate which parameters have the highest negative impact on burn mortality.

Methods

We audited data from the NBR v8.0 for the years 2002–2011 and included 137,061 patients in our study. The cases were stratified into two cohorts based on the primary outcome of death/survival and then evaluated for demographic data, intraoperative details, and their morbidity after admission. A multivariable regression analysis aimed to identify independent risk factors associated with mortality.

Results

A total of 3.3% of patients in this analysis did not survive their burn injuries. Of those, 52.0% expired within 7 days after admission. Patients in the mortality cohort were of older age (p < 0.001), more frequently female (p < 0.001), and had more pre-existing comorbidities (p < 0.001). Total body surface area (TBSA), inhalation injury, hospitalization time, and occurrence of complications were higher compared to survivors (p < 0.001). Lack of insurance (odds ratio (OR) = 1.84, confidence interval (CI) 1.38–2.46), diabetes (OR = 1.24, CI 1.01–1.53), any complication (OR = 4.09, CI 3.27–5.12), inhalation injury (OR = 3.84, CI 3.38–4.36), and the need for operative procedures (OR = 2.60, CI 2.20–3.08) were the strongest independent contributors to mortality after burns (p < 0.001). Age (OR = 1.07, CI 1.06–1.07) and TBSA (OR = 1.09, CI 1.09–1.09) were significant on a continuous scale (p < 0.001) while overall comorbidities were not a statistical risk factor.

Conclusion

Uninsured status, inhalation injury, in-hospital complications, and operative procedures were the strongest mortality predictors after burns. Since most fatal outcomes (52.0%) occur within 7 days after injury, physicians and medical staff need to be aware of these risk factors upon patient admission to a burn center.
Lessons Learned from Evaluating the Responses of Instrumented Buildings in the United States: The Effects of Supporting Building Characteristics on Floor Response Spectra
Authors: Anajafi Hamidreza , Medina Ricardo A.
Published: August 2018

Floor spectra of many instrumented buildings are evaluated to identify and quantify influential parameters on the horizontal seismic responses of acceleration-sensitive nonstructural components (NSCs). It is shown that many of these parameters are not explicitly incorporated into the American Society of Civil Engineers ASCE 7-16 design equations and are challenging to capture through numerical building models. Significant torsional responses are identified, even for nominally regular buildings, which can increase seismic demands on NSCs located at a floor periphery. For many instrumented buildings, especially single-story ones, floor diaphragms behave as flexible in their plane. This behavior, while mitigating torsional responses, can increase demands on NSCs located away from elements of the lateral-force resisting systems. An evaluation of floor acceleration responses of instrumented buildings with basements reveals that in many cases, even with the presence of perimeter concrete basement walls, accelerations at grade level could be significantly larger than those at lower basement levels. Consideration should be given to establishing the seismic base at the lowermost basement elevation.
Clinical significance of the post-radiotherapy 18F-fludeoxyglucose positron emission tomography response in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Jeong Yuri , Jung In-hye , Kim Jae Seung , Chang Sei Kyung , Lee Sang-wook
Published: August 2018

Objective:

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical significance of the post-radiotherapy 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET) response for detecting residual disease and predicting survival outcome in patients with nasopharyngeal cancer.

Methods:

We reviewed 143 patients with nasopharyngeal cancer who underwent 18F-FDG PET within 6 months after completion of radiotherapy between 2001 and 2012. 18F-FDG PET findings at the primary tumor (T–) and regional lymph nodes (N–) were separately assessed and considered negative [PET (–)] or positive [PET (+)] depending on the remaining focal increased uptake of 18F-FDG that was greater than that of the surrounding muscle or blood vessels. The standard of reference was histopathological confirmation or clinical/imaging follow-up. Overall survival (OS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), and locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRRFS) rates were estimated from the date of the start of radiotherapy.

Results:

The median follow-up period was 73 months (range, 9–182 months). Overall, 83 and 66% of patients achieved T–PET (-) and N–PET (-) responses, and the negative-predictive values (NPVs) for T– and N– were 100 and 99%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive-predictive value were 100, 84, and 8% for T–, and 67, 80, and 7% for N–, respectively. The 5-year OS, DMFS, and LRRFS rates were 83, 83, and 87%, respectively, and patients with N–PET (+) with SUVmax >2.5 showed significantly inferior 5-year OS and DMFS rates than patients with N–PET (-) or N–PET (+) with SUVmax ≤2.5 (44 vs 86%, p = 0.004; 36 vs 85%, p < 0.001).

Conclusion:

In patients that have received definitive (chemo)radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal cancer, 18F-FDG PET within 6 months of completion of treatment has a high NPV for predicting residual disease and is prognostic for long-term treatment outcomes. Patients with remaining focal increased uptake of 18F-FDG at lymph nodes may benefit from more aggressive treatments, and further studies are needed to validate the clinical significance of post-radiotherapy 18F-FDG PET.

Advances in knowledge:

We found that post-radiotherapy 18F-FDG PET findings have a high NPV for detecting residual disease and are a significant prognostic factor for treatment outcomes.
Improving diagnostic accuracy in clinically ambiguous paediatric appendicitis: a retrospective review of ultrasound and pathology findings with focus on the non-visualised appendix
Authors: Kelly BS , Bollard SM , Weir A , O’Brien C , Mullen D , Kerin M , McCarthy P
Published: August 2018

Objective:

To compare pre-operative ultrasound to histopathological results and retrospectively assess the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound in paediatric appendicitis.

Methods:

5 year review of all appendectomies performed in patients <16 years old in a tertiary referral university hospital. 983 patients had an appendicectomy over the time period while 189 patients had a preoperative ultrasound. We retrospectively reviewed all of the preoperative imaging in conjunction with the reports for the 189 patients; our aim was to determine the sensitivity of preoperative ultrasound for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis.

Results:

Of the 189 patients who had an ultrasound, 102 had histology positive for appendicitis and 87 had normal histology. Sensitivity overall was 72.55% [95% confidence interval (CI) 62.82 to 80.92] and specificity was 77.01% (95% CI 66.75 to 85.36). A suggested ultrasound diagnosis of appendicitis made positive pathology three times more likely and a normal ultrasound made positive pathology three times less likely [positive-predictive value 3.16 (95% CI 2.11 to 4.72) negative predictive value 0.36 (95% CI 0.25 to 0.50)]. 77% (67/87) of the patients whose pathology was ultimately normal had an ultrasound which was either normal or suggested an alternative diagnosis. However, in the 33 (17%) of patients with a non-visualised appendix, no secondary signs of inflammation or alternative diagnosis 16 (48%) had pathologically confirmed appendicitis.

Conclusion:

Ultrasound has the potential to improve diagnostic accuracy in clinically ambiguous appendicitis.

Advances in knowledge:

This paper furthers the evidence on the efficacy of ultrasound as a diagnostic tool in acute appendicitis in children, especially when the diagnosis is clinically equivocal. It also sheds further light on the “non-visualized appendix” with almost half of these patients having pathologically confirmed appendicitis; meaning advanced imaging with CT or MR may be indicated in this cohort.
Musical and Sports Technologies in Preschool Educational Institutions
Authors: Кузьменко Л. , Kuz'menko L.
Published: August 2018

The child's health is a refl ection of the infl uence of various environmental factors on the child's body. One of the main factors is habitual motor activity, in which music is a powerful means of infl uencing the child's psychological, physiological, and pedagogical sphere of development. According to the FSES of Preschool Education, before the child's stay in preschool is a direct educational activity, the teacher can use various technologies, including in game form, to fully reveal the potential of each child. The teacher, who owns various musical technologies, is able to infl uence the development of speech, emotions, movements of children, encourage them to activity, enrich them with bright artistic impressions, and give them joy. The author suggests the program "Music in physical culture and sports" in which musical-sports and music-healing technologies can be used in a game form in the work of educators, instructors in physical education, music managers, the program material can be recommended to parents for gaming communication with the child.
Risk-Averse Two-Stage Stochastic Program with Distributional Ambiguity
Authors: Jiang Ruiwei , Guan Yongpei
Published: August 2018

In this paper, we develop a risk-averse two-stage stochastic program (RTSP) that explicitly incorporates the distributional ambiguity covering both discrete and continuous distributions. We formulate RTSP from the perspective of distributional robustness by hedging against the worst-case distribution within an ambiguity set and considering the corresponding expected total cost. In particular, we derive an equivalent reformulation for RTSP that indicates that each worst-case expectation over an L1-norm-based ambiguity set reduces to a convex combination of a conditional value-at-risk and an essential supremum. Our reformulation explicitly shows how additional data can help reduce the conservatism of the problem from the traditional two-stage robust optimization to the traditional risk-neutral two-stage stochastic program (TSP).Accordingly, we develop solution algorithms for the reformulations of RTSP based on the sample average approximation method. We also extend the studies to ambiguity sets based on L∞-norm, joint L1- and L∞-norm, and joint L1-norm and the first two moments, respectively. Furthermore, starting from a set of historical data samples, we utilize nonparametric statistics to construct these ambiguity sets.We perform convergence analysis to show that the ambiguity-aversion of RTSP vanishes as the data size increases to infinity, in the sense that the optimal objective value and the set of optimal solutions of RTSP converge to those of risk-neutral TSP.Finally, numerical experiments on newsvendor and lot-sizing problems explain and demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method.

The e-companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/opre.2018.1729 .
Research roundup: August 2018
Authors: Murray Joy , Lally Sheila
Published: August 2018

In this section, a range of brief synopses of recently published articles that may be of interest to health visitors is presented. The aim of this roundup is to provide an overview, rather than a detailed summary, of the research papers selected. Should you wish to look at any of the papers in more detail, a full reference is provided.
Newly qualified health visitor: Joining the dots in effective safeguarding practice
Authors: Bewick Jessica
Published: August 2018

How can health visitors continue to prioritise our role of protecting children from harm while promoting to all that safeguarding is indeed everyone's business?
Collaboration to promote health
Authors: Oldman Crystal
Published: August 2018

There may be challenges to overcome if the health visiting service is not commissioned to work with people of all ages, says Crystal Oldman.
Swine Finishing Room Air Infiltration: Part 2. Infiltration as Affected by Room Characteristics
Authors: Jadhav Harishchandra T , Hoff Steven J , Harmon Jay D , Andersen Daniel S
Published: August 2018

Abstract. Data collected on 17 swine finishing rooms from the Midwest region of the United States was used to study the relationship between infiltration rate and selected room characteristics. Effect of individual room characteristics on room infiltration rate were tested by simple linear regression (SLR) while multiple linear regression (MLR) was used to develop models for improved prediction. SLR results revealed that the total (It) and other (Io; non-curtain/fan locations) swine finishing room infiltration rates were inversely related to room width and directly related to room length and ceiling height. As expected, rooms with higher curtain end pocket overlap, curtain closure overlap distance, and in excellent condition had reduced curtain infiltration (Ic). To reduce fan infiltration (If), fan and pump-out cover perimeter and fan area should be minimized. Power law equations fitted for groups of rooms were found ineffective in accounting for the large variability in infiltration rates of swine finishing rooms as compared to MLR models. MLR models developed for It and Io prediction at 10, 20, and 30 Pa pressure differences were found to improve the prediction over power law models for groups of rooms. At 20 Pa, prediction differences compared with individual room measurements for It rate using the suggested MLR model, as compared to power law models for groups of rooms, were less by at least 61%; whereas, in the case of Io rate, prediction differences compared with individual room measurements were less by at least 49%. Recommendations made in this article, with respect to the relationship between a particular room characteristic and room infiltration rate, could be used as guiding principles along with other design criterion to reduce infiltration rates in remodeled and new swine finishing rooms. Keywords: Infiltration, Swine finishing rooms, Ventilation.
The main components of the formation of recreational and tourism activity
Authors: Yavorska V. V. , Hevko I. V. , Sych V. A. , Kolomiyets K. V.
Published: August 2018

The article considers the issues of further development of the conceptual apparatus of such a direction as recreation and tourism and the question of determining the various directions and components of recreation and tourism economy. The purpose of this work is to identify the main components of recreational and tourist activity as an integral part of the inter-sectoral complex. It is stressed that tourism activity can be viewed from the standpoint of the economy, because it has all the features of the economy, although this approach is not widespread. It is also possible to study the recreation and tourism sector as a type of economic activity. Recreational and tourist activity is considered as a service market, both as a social system and as an economic system. It was emphasized that in geography and regional economy, recreational and tourist activity is considered as an inter-sectoral complex. A pivotal problem is the definition of objects and entities in systemic relations, where, depending on the nature of the system, tourists can act as objects and subjects. It was established that the formation of the subject area of recreational and tourist activity is based on geographical concepts, including the concept of «touristdestination», the concept of territorial organization of the population and economy, the concept of territorial recreational systems. The position of geographers in the development of the subject area of tourism enhances resource orientation of tourism activity; we note that the resource is both population and tourist destinations. In the article we considered the Ukrainian taxonomy of types of economic activities, which are directly involved in tourism and recreation. It is determined that tourism and recreation sector occupy a special place in the sphere of services. In essence, tourist services are multi–component, and the tourist product itself combines the result of the activities of enterprises that carry out completely different activities. The schematically structured recreation and tourism complex by types of activities indicates the formation of areas of economic activity and industry directly related to recreation and tourism, such as mass recreation of the population – unorganized and organized, and tourism, the sphere of recreation. Thus, the representation ofrecreation and tourism activity as an inter-branch complex offers new possibilities for forecasting its development and formation of new directions of use of recreational and tourist resources.
SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION OF FISH IN THE FLOODPLAIN OF KUMBE RIVER. PAPUA
Authors: Ditya Yoga Candra , Wibowo Arif , Husnah Husnah
Published: August 2018

Expansion of land clearance mostly for plantation is the big issue in Indonesia including in Papua. Its effect is not only to the catchment area but it also affects fisheries resources. The stress effect occurs worsen in Kumbe River and its floodplain area by the present of introduced fish species such as snakehead (Channa striata) and nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Spatial and temporal fish distributions are important information for the sustainable fisheries resource and theirs utilization. Study on spatial and temporal fish distribution covering four types of swamp ecosystem of Kumbe River was conducted during April-September 2014 and Mei-November 2015. Explorative field survey was conducted in four different ecosystem types in Kumbe River floodplain areas. Ecological data was collected from four sampling sites in each ecosystem type during high water precipitation (April and May) and low water precipitation (August. September and November). and fish samples were collected with different mesh sizes of gillnet fishing experiment conducted in four sampling sites. Parameters measured were fish important relative index and physical and chemical water quality parameters. The results noted 18 fish species deriving from 13 families. The Arridae with its blue catfish (Neoarius graeffei) dominated almost 90% of fish catch both spatial and temporal. Hydrological dynamic seems the key of trigger factor for the spatial and temporal distribution of fish and dynamic of habitat and water quality characteristic in the floodplain of Kumbe River.
TRANSFORMATION OF THE CONCEPT "SUBJECT" IN THE CLINICAL DISCOURSE OF PHILOSOPHICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
Authors: V. M. Skyrtach
Published: August 2018

Purpose is the post-metaphysical conceptualization of the subject in the clinical discourse of philosophical anthropology. Theoretical basis of research combines the means of discursive analytics and the general principles of historical and philosophical science. The logic of the research coincides with the paradigmatic understanding of the subject’s transformations and suggests a transition from diagnostic strategies of the analysis of individual being as the basis of the pathological nature of the subject to the study of therapeutic models of communication as the determinants of pathology and, finally, to the analytics of the subject in the horizon of polysubject sociality.Originality of the work consists in disclosing the basic anthropological models of the subject, corresponding to the functions of diagnosis and therapy. It is shown that, in spite of the revolutionary nature of certain projects, which allows them to be classified as postmetaphysical, they still have relapses of metaphysics existing in the image of the subject, which is conceived as the basis of authenticity. According to the criteria for practical implementation, the key is the transformation of the theories of the subject oriented toward self-determination and autonomy into concepts focused on responsibility, caring for what exists and how to exercise it as a person. Conclusions. The research proved that the image of the postclassical subject focused on the ideal of his own authenticity should be diagnosed as pathological. It showed that the accentuation is purely inexpedient in terms of discursiveness, conversation, and the result is the assertion of the independence of the internal, albeit marginal, world of the deviant subject. There is grounded the necessity of bringing the problem to the logic of social interaction, which raises the semantic phenomena organization form that is normal structure of the vital world; on its basis a full-fledged subject emerges with ideas about his own self-sufficiency, and concern for what exists.
CONTRADICTION OF FREEDOM AND PARADOXES OF RESPONSIBILITY (anthropological analysis)
Authors: Stezhko Z. V. , Stezhko Y. G.
Published: August 2018

Purpose of the paper is to highlight the methodological role of social philosophy in the processes of optimizing the democratic system, modernizing the content of the category of freedom and responsibility ‑ through the philosophical analysis of definitions by representatives of various political forces and the humanities. The task is to reveal the causes of the ambiguity of the concept of democracy through the analysis of the polysemy of the notions of freedom and responsibility and to prevent the danger of the transformation of democracy into a dictatorship or ochlocracy. Theoretical basis is the fundamental research of prominent philosophers such as B. Spinoza, G. F. F. Hegel, G.-V. Leibniz, F. Nietzsche, J.-J. Russo, J.-P. Sartre, E. Fromm, M. Berdyaev and others; the basic principles of social philosophy ‑ social determinism, the concreteness of truth, rationality, interconnection and development, the requirements of comprehensiveness and criticism. Originality of the research is: in substantiating the significance of contemporary philosophical analysis of the content of key concepts of democracy ‑ «freedom» and «responsibility»; in revealing the mechanism of the functioning of concepts of freedom and responsibility in different ideologies and various spheres of public life; in conducting a philosophical analysis of the notion of responsibility, in revealing the reasons for the paradoxical nature of its manifestations; in outlining the scientific and didactic potential of the philosophical research of categories of freedom and responsibility in the practice of democratic processes; in posing the question of the need to take into account the hierarchy of the content of freedom (delineation of the word, concept, category). Conclusions. As a result of the study, it was found that the philosophical understanding of the basic principles and concepts of democracy, especially freedom and responsibility, must precede the optimization of the democratic system, and the results of philosophical analysis must be taken into account in the practice of everyday life of the state. The model of the constant reproduction of the existing state of spiritual differentiation of a person's worldview should be contrasted with the model of harmonization of the democratic system (which is an ideal), only reducing its internal contradiction to the non-antagonistic and the formation on this basis of self-limitation, self-determination of personalities ‑ as a consequence of understanding the relativity of freedom, full awareness and acceptance responsibility for their intentions and decisions.
WELTKRIEGSPHILOSOPHIE AND SCHELER'S PHILOSOPHICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
Authors: Popov V. Y. , Popova E. V.
Published: August 2018

Purpose. The research is aimed at understanding the philosophical and journalistic heritage of M. Scheler during 1914-1919. "The philosophy of war" is regarded as the middle link between the phenomenological and anthropological stages of its philosophical evolution.  The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is the philosophical legacy of Max Scheler, as well as the work of domestic and Western researchers devoted to this issue. Problems of Weltkriegsphilosophie become comprehensible based on the historical, logical and comparative principles of historical and philosophical analysis, which allowed to theoretically reconstruct the cultural and historical context, philosophical sources and ideological intentions of the German philosopher. Originality. For the first time in domestic historical and philosophical thought, it proved that the works by Max Scheler of the First World War played an outstanding role in the formation of philosophical anthropology as a separate philosophical trend. Conclusions. The basis of the Weltkriegsphilosophie by Max Scheler is the philosophical comprehension of the war in which the thinker tries to see the high sacral meaning, where the sacrifices that the nation brings to the altar of victory are not in vain: the nation is rallying this sacrifice, its readiness for it. According to Scheler, war is the most effective means of forming the so-called "love communities", to which he refers combat brotherhood, family and nation as a "collective personality", which recognizes itself through war. The philosopher is disappointed to some part with militaristic enthusiasm in his later military journalistic works and calls for a spiritual and moral renewal of Europe, fed from Christian roots. At the heart of this renewal should be the principle of personal solidarity, based on the Christian idea of love. However, Catholic universalism is an insufficient means for the formation of a "love community" and a new man who is co-creator of God that constitutes the main core of the philosophical anthropology of Max Scheler, which emerges in the 20s of the twentieth century. Based on this, the article affirms the existence in Sheler’s works of an intermediate stage between his phenomenology and philosophical anthropology – Weltkriegsphilosophie (philosophy of the World War).
COMPLEX CALCULATION OF HATCH COVER OF GONDOLA CAR FROM POLYTYPIC MATERIALS WITH INTERMEDIATE S-SHAPE STRAPPING
Authors: M. I. Horbunov  , O. V. Fomin  , A. O. Lovska  , V. V. Kovalenko
Published: August 2018

Purpose. The proposed study is aimed at determining the strength indicators of the hatch cover of universal gondola car with intermediate S-shaped strapping made of polytypic materials under operational loading schemes. Methodology. To achieve this goal, it has been proposed to create a fundamentally new hatch cover design for a gondola car. A feature of the hatch cover is that it consists of two leaves, which along the perimeter interact through the S-shaped strapping. The calculation was carried out using the finite element method implemented in the software environment of CosmosWorks. Findings. The strength indicators of the improved hatch cover design are obtained under operating schemes of its loading. The basic schemes of loading the hatch cover of the gondola car in accor-dance with the normative documents have been adopted, as well as additional ones. To the additional the following are classified as: simulating the opening of the hatch cover during operating loading - the torsion-free (without operation of the torsion (s)) non-simultaneous impact on the supports of the intermediate car frame beam with the maximum opening angle; non-simultaneous opening of the door latches - the hatch cover of the loaded car is supported by door latch for one bracket (the case when one has already knocked out one door latch and the other has not yet had time); pulling (closing) the hatch cover of the unloaded gondola car with a crowbar. It is established that the strength of the hatch cover is ensured. Originality. A developed strength model of the improved hatch cover design of the universal gondola car makes it possible to obtain indicators of its strength under operational loading schemes. The results of the carried out research can be used at designing of bearing designs of bodies of universal gondola cars of new generation with the improved technical and economic indicators. Practical value. The results of the research will contribute to ensuring the strength of the structural elements of the gondola car bodies in operation.