bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assisted Music Score Reading Using Fixed-Gaze Head Movement
Authors: Ju Qinjie , Chalon René , Derrode Stéphane
Published: June 2019

Eye-tracking has a very strong potential in human computer interaction (HCI) as an input modality, particularly in mobile situations. However, it lacks convenient action triggering methods. In our research, we investigate the combination of eye-tracking and fixed-gaze head movement, which allows us to trigger various commands without using our hands or changing gaze direction. In this instance, we have proposed a new algorithm for fixed-gaze head movement detection using only scene images captured by the scene camera equipped in front of the head-mounted eye-tracker, for the purpose of saving computation time. To test the performance of our fixed-gaze head movement detection algorithm and the acceptance of triggering commands by these movements when the user's hands are occupied by another task, we have designed and developed an experimental application known as EyeMusic. The EyeMusic system is a music reading system, which can play the notes of a measure in a music score that the user does not understand. By making a voluntary head movement when fixing his/her gaze on the same point of a music score, the user can obtain the desired audio feedback. The design, development and usability testing of the first prototype for this application are presented in this paper. The usability of our application is confirmed by the experimental results, as 85% of participants were able to use all the head movements we implemented in the prototype. The average success rate of this application is 70%, which is partly influenced by the performance of the eye-tracker we use. The performance of our fixed-gaze head movement detection algorithm is 85%, and there were no significant differences between the performance of each head movement.
The iMPAcT Tool for Android Testing
Authors: Morgado Inês Coimbra , Paiva Ana C. R.
Published: June 2019

This paper presents iMPAcT tool that tests recurring common behavior on Android mobile applications. The process followed combines exploration, reverse engineering and testing to automatically test Android mobile applications. The tool explores automatically the App by firing UI events. After each event fired, the tool checks if there are UI patterns present using a reverse engineering process. If a UI pattern is present, the tool runs the corresponding testing strategy (Test Pattern). During reverse engineering the tool uses a catalog of UI Patterns which describes recurring behavior (UI Patterns) to test and the corresponding test strategies (Test Patterns). This catalog may be extended in the future as needed (e.g., to deal with new interaction trends). This paper describes the implementation details of the iMPAcT tool, the catalog of patterns used, the outputs produced by the tool and the results of experiments performed in order to evaluate the overall testing approach. These results show that the overall testing approach is capable of finding failures on existing Android mobile applications.
Analysing and Demonstrating Tool-Supported Customizable Task Notations
Authors: Martinie Célia , Palanque Philippe , Bouzekri Elodie , Cockburn Andy , Canny Alexandre , Barboni Eric
Published: June 2019

When task descriptions are precise they can be analysed to yield a variety of insights about interaction, such as the quantity of actions performed, the amount of information that must be perceived, and the cognitive workload involved. Task modelling notations and associated tools provide support for precise task description, but they generally provide a fixed set of constructs, which can limit their ability to model new and evolving application domains and technologies. This article describes challenges involved in using fixed notations for describing tasks. We use examples of recognized tasks analysis processes and their phases to show the need for customization of task notations, and through a series of illustrative examples, we demonstrate the benefits using our extensible task notation and tool (HAMSTERS-XL).
Tangible BioNets
Authors: Manshaei Roozbeh , DeLong Sean , Mayat Uzair , Patal Dhrumil , Kyan Matthew , Mazalek Ali
Published: June 2019

Biological networks analysis has become a systematic and large-scale phenomenon. Most biological systems are often difficult to interpret due to the complexity of relationships and structural features. Moreover, existing primarily web-based interfaces for biological networks analysis often have limitations in usability as well as in supporting high-level reasoning and collaboration. Interactive surfaces coupled with tangible interactions offer opportunities to improve the comparison and analysis of large biological networks, which can aid researchers in making hypotheses and forming insights. We present Tangible BioNets, an active tangible and multi-surface system that allows users with diverse expertise to explore and understand the structural and functional aspects of biological organisms individually or collaboratively. The system was designed through an iterative co-design process and facilitates the exploration of biological network topology, catalyzing the generation of new insights. We describe a first informal evaluation with expert users and discuss considerations for designing tangible and multi-surface systems for large biological datasets.
Context- and Data-driven Satisfaction Analysis of User Interface Adaptations Based on Instant User Feedback
Authors: Yigitbas Enes , Hottung André , Rojas Sebastian Mansfield , Anjorin Anthony , Sauer Stefan , Engels Gregor
Published: June 2019

Modern User Interfaces (UIs) are increasingly expected to be plastic, in the sense that they retain a constant level of usability, even when subjected to context (platform, user, and environment) changes at runtime. Adaptive UIs have been promoted as a solution for context variability due to their ability to automatically adapt to the context-of-use at runtime. However, evaluating end-user satisfaction of adaptive UIs is a challenging task, because the UI and the context-of-use are both constantly changing. Thus, an acceptance analysis of UI adaptation features should consider the context-of-use when adaptations are triggered. Classical usability evaluation methods like usability tests mostly focus on a posteriori analysis techniques and do not fully exploit the potential of collecting implicit and explicit user feedback at runtime. To address this challenge, we present an on-the-fly usability testing solution that combines continuous context monitoring together with collection of instant user feedback to assess end-user satisfaction of UI adaptation features. The solution was applied to a mobile Android mail application, which served as basis for a usability study with 23 participants. A data-driven end-user satisfaction analysis based on the collected context information and user feedback was conducted. The main results show that most of the triggered UI adaptation features were positively rated.
Aldosterone impairs coronary adenosine-mediated vasodilation via reduced functional expression of Ca2+-activated K+ channels
Authors: Khan Maloree , Meuth Alex I. , Brown Scott M. , Chandrasekar Bysani , Bowles Douglas K. , Bender Shawn B.
Published: June 2019

Elevated plasma aldosterone (Aldo) levels are associated with greater risk of cardiac ischemic events and cardiovascular mortality. Adenosine-mediated coronary vasodilation is a critical cardioprotective mechanism during ischemia; however, whether this response is impaired by increased Aldo is unclear. We hypothesized that chronic Aldo impairs coronary adenosine-mediated vasodilation via downregulation of vascular K+ channels. Male C57BL/6J mice were treated with vehicle (Con) or subpressor Aldo for 4 wk. Coronary artery function, assessed by wire myography, revealed Aldo-induced reductions in vasodilation to adenosine and the endothelium-dependent vasodilator acetylcholine but not to the nitric oxide donor sodium nitroprusside. Coronary vasoconstriction to endothelin-1 and the thromboxane A2 mimetic U-46619 was unchanged by Aldo. Additional mechanistic studies revealed impaired adenosine A2A, not A2B, receptor-dependent vasodilation by Aldo with a tendency for Aldo-induced reduction of coronary A2A gene expression. Adenylate cyclase inhibition attenuated coronary adenosine dilation but did not eliminate group differences, and adenosine-stimulated vascular cAMP production was similar between Con and Aldo mice. Similarly, blockade of inward rectifier K+ channels reduced but did not eliminate group differences in adenosine dilation whereas group differences were eliminated by blockade of Ca2+-activated K+ (KCa) channels that blunted and abrogated adenosine and A2A-dependent dilation, respectively. Gene expression of several coronary KCa channels was reduced by Aldo. Together, these data demonstrate Aldo-induced impairment of adenosine-mediated coronary vasodilation involving blunted A2A-KCa-dependent vasodilation, independent of blood pressure, providing important insights into the link between plasma Aldo and cardiac mortality and rationale for aldosterone antagonist use to preserve coronary microvascular function.

NEW & NOTEWORTHY Increased plasma aldosterone levels are associated with worsened cardiac outcomes in diverse patient groups by unclear mechanisms. We identified that, in male mice, elevated aldosterone impairs coronary adenosine-mediated vasodilation, an important cardioprotective mechanism. This aldosterone-induced impairment involves reduced adenosine A2A, not A2B, receptor-dependent vasodilation associated with downregulation of coronary KCa channels and does not involve altered adenylate cyclase/cAMP signaling. Importantly, this effect of aldosterone occurred independent of changes in coronary vasoconstrictor responsiveness and blood pressure.

Listen to this article’s corresponding podcast at https://ajpheart.podbean.com/e/attenuation-of-coronary-adenosine-dilation-by-aldosterone/ .
Formulation and Artificial Sebum Effects on the Percutaneous Absorption of Zinc Pyrithione through Excised Human Skin
Authors: Rush Allison K. , Nash J.F. , Smith III Edward D. , Kasting Gerald B.
Published: June 2019

Background: Zinc pyrithione (ZnPT) is deposited on the skin as a fine particulate and must reach microorganisms localized in the stratum corneum and hair follicles in molecular form to exert its broad-spectrum antimicrobial/antifungal activity. Dissolution of ZnPT particles followed by molecular speciation results in the organic portion, i.e. pyrithione, being more susceptible to skin penetration than the inorganic component, i.e. zinc, or the chelate itself, i.e. ZnPT. Objectives: To further test the hypothesis that ZnPT skin penetration is rate-limited by dissolution and molecular speciation, the effect of different formulations and artificial sebum on the in vitro percutaneous absorption of radiolabel associated with Zn[14C]PT was investigated. Method: In vitro penetration of [14C]PT into and through excised human skin was measured following application of Zn[14C]PT prepared as suspensions in distinct vehicles including water-based carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), diluted body wash comprised of surfactants, and castor oil, in the presence and absence of artificial sebum. Results: The steady-state flux and cumulative absorption of Zn[14C]PT increased 4- to 5-fold when deposited from a body wash or castor oil compared to a water-based CMC suspension. Tritiated water flux measured before and after treatment showed that neither the surfactant vehicle nor castor oil significantly altered barrier function versus water alone. An artificial sebum layer on the skin potentiated Zn[14C]PT and 3H2O absorption when dosed from both aqueous formulations, but not from castor oil. Conclusion: These data are consistent with the hypothesis that ZnPT percutaneous absorption, as measured by [14C]PT kinetics, is controlled by particle dissolution and molecular speciation.
High-Mobility Group Nucleosome-Binding Protein 1 Mediates Renal Fibrosis Correlating with Macrophages Accumulation and Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Diabetic Nephropathy Mice Model
Authors: Yu Jiali , Dong Rong , Da Jingjing , Li Jiayu , Yu Fuxun , Zha Yan
Published: June 2019

Background/Aim: Renal fibrosis is essential for the progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Macrophages accumulate in diabetic kidneys and are involved in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a vital mechanism leading to renal fibrosis. Recently, high-mobility group nucleosome-binding protein 1(HMGN1) was documented in promoting the recruitment and activation of antigen-presenting cells. In this study, we first reported its roles in renal fibrosis and the underlying mechanism associated with macrophage filtration and EMT. Methods: Twenty C57BL/6J mice were administered streptozotocin (STZ) to induce diabetes for 6 weeks and then divided into 4 groups: normal control group; DN group; benazepril-treated group, and insulin-treated group. Blood glucose, creatinine, and albumin in urine, hematoxylin and eosin, and Sirius red staining of kidney tissues were used to assess the renal pathology. ELISA, immunochemistry, and in situ hybridization were performed to determine the expression of HMGN1, CD68, F4/80, α-smooth muscle actin, and E-cadherin. Results: The renal expression levels of HMGN1, macrophage markers, and EMT makers were increased in DN group, and insulin treatment could reduce the overexpression of these indicators with a better effect than benazepril treatment. Both treatments could not obviously ameliorate urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio, collagen expression, and renal histological changes in STZ-induced diabetic mice. Correlation analysis indicated that there was a relationship among HMGN1, macrophage markers, EMT markers, and collagen expression in DN mice. Conclusion: HMGN1 may promote macrophages accumulation and EMT, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for preventing renal fibrosis development in DN.
Microbleeds after Carotid Artery Stenting: Small Embolism May Induce Cerebral Microbleeds
Authors: Ogawa Ito Ai , Shindo Akihiro , Ii Yuichiro , Matsuura Keita , Tabei Ken-ichi , Maeda Masayuki , Umino Maki , Suzuki Yume , Shiba Masato , Toma Naoki , Suzuki Hidenori , Tomimoto Hidekazu
Published: June 2019

Background: Since the advent of magnetic resonance imaging technology, cerebral microbleeds can be diagnosed in vivo. However, the underlying mechanism of cerebral microbleed formation is not fully understood. Objectives: This study aimed to identify the factors associated with cerebral microbleeds after carotid artery stenting (CAS). Method: We retrospectively examined 125 patients who underwent CAS for carotid stenosis. Cerebral microbleeds were investigated using T2*-weighted gradient-echo (GRE) imaging before and after CAS. We analyzed the possible association of new microbleeds with the following risk factors: the number of baseline microbleeds and ischemic cerebral lesions, the occurrence of cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome, and new ischemic cerebral lesions after CAS. Results: Baseline cerebral microbleeds were detected in 53 patients (42.4%). New cerebral microbleeds after CAS were observed in 13 of 125 patients (10.4%) and were exclusively associated with new ischemic lesions but not with other risk factors. No patient showed a merged image of a new cerebral microbleed on GRE imaging or a new ischemic lesion on diffusion-weighted imaging. Lobar and deep microbleeds were noted in 12/13 (92.3%) and 1 patient (7.7%), respectively. Of 12 patients with new microbleeds, 10 (76.9%) and 2 (15.4%) had a new microbleed in the ipsilateral and contralateral hemispheres, respectively. Conclusions: We found that new cerebral microbleeds developed after CAS and that these might be associated with new ischemic lesions, mostly in the territory of the treated carotid artery. We speculate that these microbleeds result from the deoxygenation of hemoglobin in the embolus or, alternatively, small hemorrhagic transformation of ischemic lesions.
Alterations of Foveal Architecture during Vitrectomy for Myopic Retinoschisis Identified by Intraoperative Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Itoh Yuji , Inoue Makoto , Kato Yu , Koto Takashi , Hirakata Akito
Published: June 2019

Purpose: To determine the changes in the foveal architecture before and after internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling with and without fovea-sparing ILM peeling (FSIP) during vitrectomy for high myopic retinoschisis by intraoperative optical coherence tomography (iOCT). Methods: Qualitative assessments were made of the alterations of the retinal architecture imaged by iOCT following complete ILM peeling (peeled group) or fovea-sparing ILM peeling (FSIP group). A microscope-integrated real-time iOCT device was used to analyze the retinal architectures. The alterations included a worsening of the retinoschisis, development of a foveal detachment, and development of a full thickness macular hole. The changes in the retinal architecture, clinical characteristics, and outcomes were compared between the 2 groups. Results: The medical records of 15 eyes of 15 patients were studied. Complete ILM peeling was performed on 9 of 15 eyes, and 8 of the 9 eyes (89%) showed a worsening of the retinal architectures following the ILM peeling. FSIP was performed on 6 of the 15 eyes, and none of these eyes developed any retinal architectural changes in the iOCT images. The mean postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in eyes that underwent FSIP (20/38) was significantly better than that of preoperative BCVA (20/128; p < 0.05), although the differences in the preoperative BCVA (20/87) and postoperative BCVA (20/55) in the cases that underwent complete ILM peeling were not significant. Conclusions: The lack of alterations of the foveal architecture and significant improvements in the BCVA after FSIP indicate that FSIP peeling should be considered for eyes with retinoschisis. We recommend that iOCT be used to monitor the retinal architecture during intraocular surgery involving the retina.
Hydration Status and Kidney Health of Factory Workers Exposed to Heat Stress: A Pilot Feasibility Study
Authors: Nerbass Fabiana B. , Moist Louise , Clark William F. , Vieira Marcos A. , Pecoits-Filho Roberto
Published: June 2019

Dehydration associated with heat stress increases the risk of workplace injury or illness, decreases productivity, and may contribute to the chronic kidney disease epidemic identified in outdoor workers from hot climates. There is limited research on the effects of chronic occupational heat stress among indoor workers. We aimed to test the feasibility of measuring markers of hydration and kidney function in foundry factory workers in Southern Brazil, exposed and not exposed to heat stress. Factory workers exposed to heat stress (wet bulb globe temperature ≥28.9) and not exposed to heat were identified by management and invited to participate. Clinical and biochemical markers of hydration and kidney function were evaluated before and after a single 8.5 h work shift (lunch time not included). Feasibility outcomes included rates of enrolment, % completion of study protocols, and time to complete data collection. This study was deemed feasible with 80% enrolment and 90% completion of the protocol. Among the preselected workers, the enrolment rate was 91%. All subjects completed the physiological measures and blood collection and 95% completed the urine studies. Mean time to complete data collection pre-shift was 19.1 ± 4.2 min and post-shift: 14.3 ± 4.0 min. Workers exposed to heat stress had a greater decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate compared to controls over the work shift (–13 ± 11 vs. –5 ± 7 mL/min; p < 0.01). We demonstrated the feasibility and challenges of conducting future hydration and kidney function research among indoor factory workers. Further study is needed to determine if exposure to indoor heat contributes to a decline in kidney function.
The Local Anaesthetic Lignocaine Exhibits Potent Antilung Cancer Cell Activity by Inhibiting the Phosphoinositide 3-Kinases/Mammalian Target of Rapamycin/Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Pathway
Authors: Dong Quanling , Mao Zhifu
Published: June 2019

We studied the effect of lignocaine (LIG) on lung cancer cells. LIG dose- and concentration-dependently reduced the viability of the lung cancer cell line 95D. Fluorescence microscopy revealed that LIG-induced apoptosis, and this was confirmed via flow cytometric analysis of cells treated with various concentrations of LIG; the drug increased the proportions of cells in S-phase. Bad and Bax levels rose, and that of Bcl2 fell significantly, after addition of LIG; Western blotting showed that the drug also reduced the levels of phosphorylated proteins involved in downstream phosphoinositide 3-kinases/mammalian target of rapamycin/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling. In conclusion, our results suggest that LIG may be a useful therapy for human lung carcinoma.
Chromosome Mapping of H1 and H4 Histones in Parodontidae (Actinopterygii: Characiformes): Dispersed and/or Co-Opted Transposable Elements?
Authors: Traldi Josiane B. , Ziemniczak Kaline , de Fátima Martinez Juliana , Blanco Daniel R. , Lui Roberto L. , Schemberger Michelle O. , Nogaroto Viviane , Moreira-Filho Orlando , Vicari Marcelo R.
Published: June 2019

The karyotypes of the family Parodontidae consist of 2n = 54 chromosomes. The main chromosomal evolutionary changes of its species are attributed to chromosome rearrangements in repetitive DNA regions in their genomes. Physical mapping of the H1 and H4 histones was performed in 7 Parodontidae species to analyze the chromosome rearrangements involved in karyotype diversification in the group. In parallel, the observation of a partial sequence of an endogenous retrovirus (ERV) retrotransposon in the H1 histone sequence was evaluated to verify molecular co-option of the transposable elements (TEs) and to assess paralogous sequence dispersion in the karyotypes. Six of the studied species had an interstitial histone gene cluster in the short arm of the autosomal pair 13. Besides this interstitial cluster, in Apareiodon davisi, a probable further site was detected in the terminal region of the long arm in the same chromosome pair. The H1/H4 clusters in Parodon cf. pongoensis were located in the smallest chromosomes (pair 20). In addition, scattered H1 signals were observed on the chromosomes in all species. The H1 sequence showed an ERV in the open reading frame (ORF), and the scattered H1 signals on the chromosomes were attributed to the ERV's location. The H4 sequence had no similarity to the TEs and displayed no dispersed signals. Furthermore, the degeneration of the inner ERV in the H1 sequence (which overlapped a stretch of the H1 ORF) was discussed regarding the likelihood of molecular co-option of this retroelement in histone gene function in Parodontidae.
Accuracy of Myocardial Blood Flow Estimation From Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Cardiac CT Compared With PET
Authors: Alessio Adam M. , Bindschadler Michael , Busey Janet M. , Shuman William P. , Caldwell James H. , Branch Kelley R.
Published: June 2019

Background:

The accuracy of absolute myocardial blood flow (MBF) from dynamic contrast-enhanced cardiac computed tomography acquisitions has not been fully characterized. We evaluate computed tomography (CT) compared with rubidium-82 positron emission tomography (PET) MBF estimates in a high-risk population.

Methods:

In a prospective trial, patients receiving clinically indicated rubidium-82 PET exams were recruited to receive a dynamic contrast-enhanced cardiac computed tomography exam. The CT protocol included a rest and stress dynamic portion each acquiring 12 to 18 cardiac-gated frames. The global MBF was estimated from the PET and CT exam.

Results:

Thirty-four patients referred for cardiac rest-stress PET were recruited. Of the 68 dynamic contrast-enhanced cardiac computed tomography scans, 5 were excluded because of injection errors or mismatched hemodynamics. The CT-derived global MBF was highly correlated with the PET MBF (r=0.92;
P
<0.001) with a mean difference of 0.7±26.4%. The CT MBF estimates were within 20% of PET estimates (
P
<0.02) with a mean of (1) MBF for resting flow of PET versus CT of 0.9±0.3 versus 1.0±0.2 mL/min per gram and (2) MBF for stress flow of 2.1±0.7 versus 2.0±0.8 mL/min per gram. Myocardial flow reserve was −14±28% underestimated with CT (PET versus CT myocardial flow reserve, 2.5±0.6 versus 2.2±0.6). The proposed rest+stress+computed tomography angiography protocol had a dose length product of 598±76 mGy×cm resulting in an approximate effective dose of 8.4±1.1 mSv.

Conclusions:

In a high-risk clinical population, a clinically practical dynamic contrast-enhanced cardiac computed tomography provided unbiased MBF estimates within 20% of rubidium-82 PET. Although unbiased, the CT estimates contain substantial variance with an standard error of the estimate of 0.44 mL/min per gram. Myocardial flow reserve estimation was not as accurate as individual MBF estimates.
Long-Term Clinical Effectiveness of a Drug-Coated Balloon for the Treatment of Femoropopliteal Lesions
Authors: Laird John A. , Schneider Peter A. , Jaff Michael R. , Brodmann Marianne , Zeller Thomas , Metzger D. Chris , Krishnan Prakash , Scheinert Dierk , Micari Antonio , Wang Hong , Masters Michele , Tepe Gunnar
Published: June 2019

Background:

While randomized trials have demonstrated the superiority of drug-coated balloon (DCB) angioplasty versus standard percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) in patients with femoropopliteal peripheral artery disease, the long-term durability of DCB angioplasty remains uncertain.

Methods and Results:

IN.PACT SFA is a prospective, multicenter, randomized single-blinded trial (Randomized Trial of IN.PACT Admiral Paclitaxel-Coated Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty [PTA] Balloon Catheter vs Standard PTA for the Treatment of Atherosclerotic Lesions in the Superficial Femoral Artery [SFA] and/or Proximal Popliteal Artery [PPA]) that enrolled 331 subjects with symptomatic (Rutherford 2–4) femoropopliteal lesions. Subjects were randomly assigned 2:1 to the IN.PACT Admiral DCB or PTA. Assessments through 5 years included freedom from clinically driven target lesion revascularization, the primary safety end point, and major adverse events. Through 5 years, patients treated with the IN.PACT Admiral DCB demonstrated a sustained treatment effect with superior freedom from clinically driven target lesion revascularization when compared with PTA (Kaplan-Meier estimate of 74.5% versus 65.3%; log-rank
P
=0.020). The primary safety composite was achieved in 70.7% of subjects in the DCB and 59.6% in the PTA groups (
P
=0.068). The major adverse event rate was 42.9% for DCB and 48.1% for PTA (
P
=0.459). There were no device- or procedure-related deaths in either group as adjudicated by an independent and blinded Clinical Events Committee.

Conclusions:

The IN.PACT SFA randomized trial demonstrates that the IN.PACT Admiral DCB continues to perform better than PTA through 5 years with higher freedom from clinically driven target lesion revascularization. The sustained safety and effectiveness profile of this DCB supports its use as a preferred treatment choice compared with PTA for femoropopliteal lesions.

Clinical Trial Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT01175850 (IN.PACT SFA phase I) and NCT01566461 (IN.PACT SFA phase II).
Radial Versus Femoral Access in Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Megaly Michael , Karatasakis Aris , Abraham Bishoy , Jensen Joseph , Saad Marwan , Omer Mohamed , Elbadawi Ayman , Sandoval Yader , Shishehbor Mehdi H. , Banerjee Subhash , Alaswad Khaldoon , Rinfret Stéphane , Burke M. Nicholas , Brilakis Emmanouil S.
Published: June 2019

Background:

Radial access (RA) is increasingly used in chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention with encouraging results. However, there are concerns about its safety and efficacy because of higher complexity and the need for strong guide catheter support.

Methods and Results:

We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of all studies published through November 2018 reporting the outcomes of RA versus femoral access in CTO percutaneous coronary intervention. Outcomes included major bleeding, access-site complications, in-hospital major adverse events, and technical success. Nine observational studies with 10 590 patients (10 617 lesions) were included in the meta-analysis. CTO lesions attempted using RA had lower Japan-CTO score (2.3±1.2 versus 2.5±1.3;
P
<0.001). Use of RA was associated with similar technical success (78.7% versus 78.5%; odds ratio, 1.11; 95% CI, 0.94–1.31;
P
=0.24;
I
2
=23%), lower risk of access-site complications (0.73% versus 1.79%; odds ratio, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.22–0.51;
P
<0.001;
I
2
=0%) and major bleeding (0.18% versus 0.9%; odds ratio, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.10–0.45;
P
<0.001;
I
2
=0%), and similar risk of in-hospital adverse events and in-hospital mortality (odds ratio, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.12–1.07;
P
=0.07;
I
2
=0%) as compared to femoral access. Results were similar when analyzing radial-only versus any femoral access and when excluding the largest study.

Conclusions:

As compared with femoral access, RA is used in CTO percutaneous coronary intervention of less complex lesions and is associated with fewer access-site complications and major bleeding and comparable technical success.
Coronary Artery Disease in Adults With Coarctation of Aorta: Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes
Authors: Egbe Alexander C. , Rihal Charanjit S. , Thomas Alexa , Boler Amber , Mehra Nandini , Andersen Kylie , Kothapalli Srikanth , Taggart Nathaniel W. , Connolly Heidi M.
Published: June 2019

Background

Premature coronary artery disease (
CAD
) is common in patients with coarctation of aorta (
COA
), but there are limited data about any direct relationship (or lack thereof) between
COA
and
CAD
. We hypothesized that atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk factors, rather than
COA
diagnosis, was the primary determinant of
CAD
occurrence in patients with
COA
.

Methods and Results

This is a retrospective study of 654
COA
patients and a control group of 876 patients with valvular pulmonic stenosis and tetralogy of Fallot to determine prevalence and independent risk factors for
CAD
. There was no evidence of a difference in the unadjusted
CAD
prevalence between the
COA
and control groups (7.8% versus 6.3%,
P
=0.247), but premature
CAD
was more common in
COA
patients (4.4% versus 1.8%,
P
=0.002). In the analysis of a propensity‐matched cohort of 126
COA
and 126 control patients, there was no evidence of a difference in overall
CAD
prevalence (6.3% versus 5.6% versus
P
=0.742) and premature
CAD
prevalence (4.8% versus 3.2%,
P
=0.518). The multivariable risk factors for
CAD
were hypertension (odds ratio [
OR
] 2.14; 95%
CI
1.36–3.38), hyperlipidemia (
OR
3.33; 95%
CI
2.02–5.47), diabetes mellitus (
OR
1.98; 95%
CI
1.31–3.61), male sex (
OR
2.05; 95%
CI
1.33–3.17), and older age per year (
OR
1.06; 95%
CI
1.04–1.07).

Conclusions

After adjusting for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk factors, we did not find evidence of a difference in
CAD
risk between the patients with
COA
and other patients with congenital heart disease.
Age-Period-Cohort Analysis of Stroke Mortality Attributable to High Sodium Intake in China and Japan
Authors: Cao Jinhong , Eshak Ehab S. , Liu Keyang , Gero Krisztina , Liu Zhiming , Yu Chuanhua
Published: June 2019

Background and Purpose—

The aim of this study is to assess the long-term trends in stroke mortality attributable to high sodium intake in China and Japan during the period 1990 to 2016.

Methods—

The mortality data were obtained from the GBD study (Global Burden of Disease) 2016 and were analyzed using an age-period-cohort method.

Results—

The age-standardized mortality rates showed declining trends for high sodium intake-related stroke mortality. The overall net drifts per year were −3.1% for Chinese men and −5.0% for Chinese women; and −4.6% for Japanese men and −5.7% for Japanese women. The local drift values were below zero in all age groups for both sexes in both countries, and all local drift values of female participants were below their counterparts of male participants. The longitudinal age curves of high sodium intake-attributable stroke mortality increased rapidly for both sexes in China, whereas those of Japanese were slowly rising. The period and cohort rate ratios were found to have similar downward patterns for both sexes in both countries, with a quicker decline for women than for men (significantly with
P
<0.05 for all).

Conclusions—

The age-standardized mortality rates, the period effect and the cohort effect of stroke mortality attributable to high sodium intake in China and Japan have been declining in both sexes and all age groups from 1990 to 2016. Consequently, sodium-reduction strategies are of low cost and effective for the prevention of stroke. It is necessary to educate the nation with the correct knowledge on healthy diet and techniques to reduce salt consumption.
New records of the water mite genus Arrenurus from India, with the description of one new species (Acari: Hydrachnidia: Arrenuridae)
Authors: SMIT HARRY , PESIC VLADIMIR
Published: June 2019

New records are given of the water mite genus Arrenurus from India. One new species is described, i.e. Arrenurus indicus Smit & Pesic n. sp. The synonymizations of A. mammifera Nayar, 1967 with A. laticodulus Piersig, 1898 and of A. incisifrons Nayar, 1969 with A. spinosus Walter, 1929 are confirmed. The first description of the female of A. kurtvietsi Lundblad is given. All existing data on Arrenurus from India are reported.
A new species of large Cyrtodactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Melanesia
Authors: OLIVER PAUL , TJATURADI BURHAN , _ MUMPUNI , KREY KELIOPAS , RICHARDS STEPHEN
Published: June 2019

A new species of large Cyrtodactylus is described from lowland rainforest on Batanta Island in the Raja Ampat Archipelago, Papua Barat Province, Indonesian New Guinea. The new species can be distinguished from all other Melanesian Cyrtodactylus by the combination of large size (over 110mm SVL), very robust build, presence of enlarged ventral tubercles below the lateral fold and around the angle of the lower jaw only, and dorsal colouration consisting of three to four irregular dark greyish-brown blotches. It is the second species of Cyrtodactylus known with certainty only from the Raja Ampat Islands. The morphology of the new species places it within the C. loriae group and suggests that it is closely related to Cyrtodactylus irianjayaensis.
A review of the genus Epitrichius Tagawa, with an analysis of the internal sacarmature of the male genitalia (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae)
Authors: LIS CHUN-LIN , YANG PING-SHIH , HSU KUO-SHENG , WANG CHUAN-CHAN
Published: June 2019

This paper redefines the Oriental genus Epitrichius Tagawa (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae: Trichiini) and gives descriptions and illustrations of Epitrichius shinshuingensis, a new species from Taiwan. The genus also includes other six species: E. bowringii (Thomson) new combination, E. cupreipes (Bourgoin) new combination, E. elegans (Kano), E. fraterculus (Moser) new combination & new status, E. lagopus (Fairmaire), and E. versutus (Krikken) new combination. The following species names are placed in synonymy with E. bowringii: Trichius bifasciatus (Moser) new synonym and T. miyashitai (Krajcik) new synonym. In addition, E. fraterculus duporti (Bourgoin) is placed in synonymy with E. fraterculus. Information on the specimen examination, distribution and known biology of all species is provided. A key to the species of the genus is included. The sclerotized armatures of the internal sac of the male genitalia of Epitrichius was examined and found to provide strong support to separate this genus from other Trichiini genera. This set of characters was also found to be reliable in identifying species in groups with variable parameres.
A review of Hippeutister Reichensperger with new species from California and Costa Rica (Coleoptera: Histeridae: Hetaeriinae)
Authors: CATERINO MICHAEL S. , TISHECHKIN ALEXEY K.
Published: June 2019

The myrmecophilous genus Hippeutister Reichensperger, 1935, contains six species, known from scattered localities in North, Central and South America. Two of these, H. californicus n. sp. and H. solisi n. sp. are newly described herein. The other four are H. manicatus (Lewis) (=H. solenopsidis Reichensperger, syn. nov.), H. plaumanni Reichensperger, H. castaneus (Lewis), and H. amabilis (Wenzel). The genus is likely monophyletic, and is easily recognized by the presence of a very broad prosternal keel, which is deeply triangularly incised at the base. Species of Hippeutister are unusual among hetaeriine Histeridae in their occurrence in the nests of fire ants (Solenopsis spp.)
Description of the fourth-stage larva and pupa of Stegomyia edwardsi Barraud (Diptera: Culicidae)
Authors: TEWARI S. C. , MUNIRATHINAM A. , VENKATESH A. , HIRIYAN J. , REUBEN R.
Published: June 2019

The fourth-stage larva and pupa of Stegomyia edwardsi (Barraud) are described and illustrated for the first time.
A new species of sea anemone from the Chilean fjord region, Paraisanthus fabiani (Actiniaria: Isanthidae), with a discussion of the family Isanthidae Carlgren, 1938
Authors: HÄUSSERMANN VERENA , FÖRSTERRA GÜNTER
Published: June 2019

A new species of Paraisanthus, P. fabiani, is described from Chile, the eighth species of this small family of mesomyarian anemones. Specimens of this species are characterized by six pairs of macrocnemes and 18 pairs of microcnemes in the middle and lower column and a fourth incomplete cycle of extremely small mesenteries in the uppermost column, between 66 and 110 tentacles, and a smooth column without holotrichs or heterotrichs. Specimens occur from the shallow subtidal to at least 30 m around exposed islands and in less protected channels of the fjord region between Chiloé Island (41°7’04.8’’S; 73°53’02.4’’W) and the Madre de Dios Archipelago (50°20’23.1’’S; 75°22’39.2’’W). They often protrude from small rocky crevices or between polychaete tubes, so that in situ only the oral disc is visible. The description is based on examination of 27 specimens collected between 1997 and 2007 and on documentation of live specimens in both their natural environment and aquaria. Paraisanthus fabiani was found at only 15 of over 150 study sites along the Chilean coast. If it was present at a site, generally more than 10 specimens were found. For the first time, in situ photographs are provided for a member of the family Isanthidae. In addition, live photographs are provided for the type species of the family Isanthidae, Isanthus capensis from South Africa. Family Isanthidae constitutes five genera, which are distinguished mainly by number of macrocnemes, texture and division of the column, and direction of growth of mesenteries.
A new species of Alainodaeus Davie, 1993 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Xanthidae) from Balicasag Island, Philippines, with a key to the genus
Authors: MENDOZA JOSE CHRISTOPHER E. , NG PETER K. L.
Published: June 2019

A new species of Alainodaeus Davie, 1993, is described from Balicasag Island in the central Philippines. Alainodaeus filipinus n. sp., can be differentiated from congeners by the characters of its carapace, chelipeds, ambulatory legs and male first gonopods. A key to the species of Alainodaeus is provided. The occurrence of A. filipinus in the Philippines represents a remarkable extension in the range of this genus, which was previously known only from islands in the southern and southwestern Pacific.
Clarification of the nomenclatural status of Gymnodiptychus integrigymnatus (Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae)
Authors: YANG JIAN , CHEN XIAOYONG , YANG JUNXING
Published: June 2019

The cyprinid genus Gymnodiptychus was established by Herzenstein (1892), with Diptychus dybowskii Kessler as type species. Gymnodiptychus integrigymnatus was first published as a nomen nudum in Cao et al. (1981) who, in using the name, indicated that its author was S.-Y. Huang. The species has since been described in other works [e.g., Mo (1989), Chen & Huang (1998), Chen & Cao (2000)]. At present, FishBase (www.fishbase.org) and Eschmeyer (2008) list different authorships for this nominal species: Huang (1998) and Mo (1989). The nomenclatural status of G. integrigymnatus is discussed below with a view to the clarification of this taxon’s authorship and date of availability.
Gracilentulus sarmaticus sp. nov. from Southeast Ukraine (Protura: Acerentomidae, Berberentulinae)
Authors: SHRUBOVYCH JULIA , SZEPTYCKI ANDRZEJ
Published: June 2019

A new species, Gracilentulus sarmaticus sp. nov. is described from southeast Ukraine. The new species differs from all Gracilentulus species in large foretarsal sensillum t3. It is the most similar to Gracilentulus aoki IMADATé 1982 and G. chichibuensis Nakamura 1995 from Japan, but differs from these species in having sensillum b’ present.
A new species of genus Aplosonyx Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae) from China, with a key to the Chinese known species
Authors: ZHANG LIJIE , LI WENZHU , ZHANG YALIN , YANG XINGKE
Published: June 2019

A new species, Aplosonyx metallicus Chen from Sichuan Province is described. A. pictus omeiensis is resurrected from synonymy with A. pictus and elevated to species. Both A. pictus and A. omeiensis are transferred from Sphenoraia back to the genus Aplosonyx. And a key to the Chinese species is provided.
Description of the immatures of Charidotella (Charidotella) flaviae Maia & Buzzi, 2005 (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Cassidinae)
Authors: DE ANDRADE MAIA OZANA MARIA , BUZZI ZUNDIR JOSÉ
Published: June 2019

The immature stages of Charidotella (Charidotella) flaviae Maia & Buzzi, 2005, collected on Ipomoea cairica (Linnaeus) Sweet (Solanales: Convolvulaceae) leaves, are described and illustrated. All of the immatures were from Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
Catalogue of squat lobsters of the world (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomurafamilies Chirostylidae, Galatheidae and Kiwaidae)
Authors: BABA KEIJI , MACPHERSON ENRIQUE , POORE GARY C. B. , AHYONG SHANE T. , BERMUDEZ ADRIANA , CABEZAS PATRICIA , LIN CHIA-WEI , NIZINSKI MARTHA , RODRIGUES CELSO , SCHNABEL KAREEN E.
Published: June 2019

Taxonomic and ecological interest in squat lobsters has grown considerably over the last two decades. A checklist of the 870 current valid species of squat lobsters of the world (families Chirostylidae, Galatheidae and Kiwaidae) is presented. The compilation includes the complete taxonomic synonymy and geographical distribution of each species plus type information (type locality, repository and registration number). The numbers of described species in the world’s major ocean basins are summarised.
Revision of the genus Cimeliomorpha Diakonoff (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)
Authors: PINKAEW NANTASAK , HORAK MARIANNE
Published: June 2019

The enarmoniine genus Cimeliomorpha Diakonoff, 1966 is reviewed. Seven species are treated, and a key to the species is provided. Three named species, C. cymbalora (Meyrick), C. novarana (Felder & Rogenhofer), and C. egregiana (Felder & Rogenhofer), are redescribed, with the identity of C. novarana finally settled. Three new species, C. jarujini, sp. n.; C. inflata, sp. n.; and C. perspinosa, sp. n., are described. Cimeliomorpha nabokovi Kuznetsov is included based on the original description. Illustrations of adults and genitalia of all species are provided, and the original hand-coloured images of C. egregiana and C. novarana are reproduced from a copy of the relevant book with unusually well-preserved plates.
The first Korean species of Euconnus (Cladoconnus), with a synopsis of the E. ussuriensis species group (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scydmaeninae)
Authors: JAŁOSZYŃSKI PAWEŁ
Published: June 2019

Most species of Euconnus (Cladoconnus) inhabit West Palaearctic, and only three are known from East Asia. The latter form a morphologically uniform group that comprises E. ussuriensis (Primorsky Krai), E. matsuae (Central Honshu) and E. nakahamai (Shikoku). These species cannot be reliably distinguished by external features; they differ mainly in the shape of the endophallic sclerites. Diagnostic characters of these species are summarized, and a new member of the E. ussuriensis species group is described, Euconnus (Cladoconnus) rudimentalis n. sp. (South Korea). Members of this group are restricted to the areas surrounding the Sea of Japan; the known distribution suggests that similar species can be expected to occur also in the northern part of the Japanese Archipelago and in North Korea.
Revision of the genus Luispenaia Martínez (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae: Tanyproctini), with description of three new species from the Atacama Desert, Chile
Authors: MONDACA JOSÉ , PIZARRO-ARAYA JAIME , ALFARO FERMÍN M.
Published: June 2019

The genus Luispenaia Martínez (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae: Tanyproctini), is revised and four species are recognized: L. paradoxa Martínez, L. atacamensis new species, L. paposo new species, and L. paulseni new species. This genus is endemic to the Atacama Desert in northern Chile from the regions of Antofagasta to Coquimbo. Diagnostic characters, illustrations, a distribution map, and an identification key are provided for all species. Observations on the habitat, ecology, and distribution of species are given.
Cytotoxic Mechanism for Silver Nanoparticles Based High-Content Cellomics and Transcriptome Sequencing
Authors: Huang Yan , Lü Xiaoying , Lü Xiaoqiang
Published: June 2019

The aim of this study was to investigate the toxic mechanism for differently sized silver nanoparticles (SNPs) on human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs), by combining high content cellomics and transcriptome sequencing. First, the influences of five SNPs (SNP-5, SNP-20, SNP-50, SNP-100, and
SNP-200) on O–2, focal adhesion, cytoskeleton and ATP content in HDFs were studied with high content screening and colorimetric method, and the role to cytotoxicity was analysed. Transcriptome sequencing technique was then to filter differentially expressed genes
induced by SNPs after 4 h treatment. Key pathways in SNP-induced cytotoxicity were also screened via biological pathway analysis. Furthermore, key genes in HDFs after SNP-induced cytotoxicity were determined through matching analysis with previously obtained important microRNAs and their expression
levels were verified with qRT-PCR. Cytological experiments showed that the SNP-5 had the strongest effects on O–2, focal adhesion, cytoskeleton and ATP content, while SNP-20 had the smallest effects. Transcriptome sequencing results showed that 3848, 4213, 2999,
3251 and 5104 genes were found to be differentially expressed in HDFs after treatment with five SNPs. Biological pathway analysis for 1643 uniformly differentially expressed genes revealed that MAPK signaling pathway was the key pathway in SNP-induced cytotoxicity. Two key genes, SOS1
and CDC25B, which are involved in MAPK signaling pathway were finally identified through matching analysis with important microRNAs and verification. In conclusion, the cytotoxic mechanism for SNPs induced cytotoxicity in HDFs involved SNPs down-regulated expression of SOS1
and CDC25B through miR-424-5p in the key MAPK signaling pathway, through blocking of cell cycle, promotion of apoptosis, ultimately leading to cytotoxicity.