bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Triple burden of malnutrition among mother–child pairs in low-income and middle-income countries: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Chilot Dagmawi , Belay Daniel Gashaneh , Merid Mehari Woldemariam , Kibret Anteneh Ayelign , Alem Adugnaw Zeleke , Asratie Melaku Hunie , Teshager Nahom Worku , Aragaw Fantu Mamo
Published: May 2023

Objective

This study aimed to assess the prevalence and determinants of the triple burden of malnutrition among mother–child pairs in low-income and middle-income countries.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Low-income and middle-income countries.

Participants

Women and children.

Primary outcome

Triple burden of malnutrition (overweight/obese mother with undernourished and anaemic under 5 years child).

Methods

Data for this study were drawn from recent 22 low-income and middle-income countries Demographic and Health Surveys. A total weighted sample of 116 795 mother–child pairs was included in the study. STATA V.14.2 was used to clean, code and analyse the data. Multilevel logistic regression was employed to identify factors associated with the problem. Adjusted OR (AOR) with 95% CI and a p<0.05 was reported to indicate statistical association. Model fitness and comparison were done using intraclass correlation coefficient, median OR, proportional change in variance and deviance.

Result

The pooled prevalence of the triple burden of malnutrition among mother–child pairs was 11.39%. It showed statistically significant positive associations with mothers aged ≥35 years (AOR 2.25, 95% CI 2.08 to 2.44), family size >10 (AOR 1.17, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.26), delivery by caesarean section (AOR 1.93, 95% CI 1.83 to 2.03), the richest household (AOR 1.72, 95% CI 1.56 to 1.88), grand multiparous (AOR 1.62, 95% CI 1.46 to 1.81), age of child 36–47 months (AOR 1.77, 95% CI 1.64 to 1.90), at a p<0.05. Whereas breast feeding (AOR 0.94, 95% CI 0.89 to 0.99), married mothers (AOR 0.87, 95% CI 0.78 to 0.96), female children (AOR 0.88, 95% CI 0.84 to 0.92), improved toilet (AOR 0.23, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.29), improved source of drinking water (AOR 0.28, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.35), rural residents (AOR 0.66, 95% CI 0.62 to 0.69) had a contrasting relationship with the triple burden of malnutrition.

Conclusion

About 1 out of 10 households suffer from the triple burden of malnutrition in low-income and middle-income countries. This study revealed that several maternal, child, household and community-level factors have a significant impact on the triple burden of malnutrition among mother–child pairs.
Alcohol and substance dependence in the United Arab Emirates: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Fouché Ansie , Albrithen Abdulaziz , AlNuaimi Mariam , Al Riyami Khoula , Aruldoss Vinnarasan , Cooper Krista , Marta Raquel , Tedam Prospera
Published: May 2023

Introduction

Despite cultural, religious and legal constraints, alcohol and drug abuse is rising in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Therefore, we aim to produce a scoping review to summarise available scientific literature on alcohol and substance dependence (ASD) in all ethnic and religious groups in the UAE to inform future scientific inquiries.

Methods and analysis

Social work faculty from the UAE University will conduct the scoping review between March 2023 and February 2024. Drawing on the participants, concept, context (PCC) framework, the following review question was developed: What can be learnt from a review of scientific literature on alcohol and substance abuse in all ethnic and religious groups in the UAE? The scientific literature on ASD in the UAE published between 1971 and January 2023, in either English or Arabic, will be considered, including all ethnic, religious and age groups. Grey literature, such as postgraduate dissertations and conference proceedings, will also be considered. Eight English and two Arabic databases and print copies of literature sources in university libraries will be included. EndNote and Covidence software will be used for deduplication, screening and data extraction. Screening and reviewing search results will involve two English-speaking and two Arabic-speaking team members who will work independently. A third reviewer will resolve conflicts. The inter-rater reliability data from the title and abstract screening stage will be exported, and Cohen’s kappa coefficient will be calculated. Data charting informed by the Covidence data extraction tool 2.0 will occur after pilot testing, followed by qualitative content analysis. Reporting of the findings will align with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews tool.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethical approval is not required for this study because this is a scoping review of published studies and grey literature. Findings will be disseminated via peer-reviewed journal publications, scientific conferences and a policy brief.
Deep cerebral venous abnormalities in premature babies with GMH-IVH: a single-centre retrospective study
Authors: Kent Thomas , Sinha Vikash , Ceyhan Elvan , Sura Livia , Yekeler Ensar , Weiss Michael David , Albayram Mehmet
Published: May 2023

Purpose

Germinal matrix haemorrhage/intraventricular haemorrhage (GMH-IVH) is a multifactorial injury with both anatomic and haemodynamic involvement. Normal variants in preterm deep cerebral venous anatomy associated with GMH-IVH have been previously described using MRI susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI). The aims of this study were to use SWI to compare the deep venous systems of a cohort of preterm neonates with various grades of GMH-IVH to a group of age-matched controls without GMH-IVH and to present novel retrospective SWI imaging findings.

Methods

A neuroradiologist retrospectively evaluated 3T MRI SWI and phase imaging of 56 preterm neonates with GMH-IVH (14 of each grade) and 27 controls without GMH-IVH, scoring the venous irregularities according to three variables: decreased venous patency, increased lumen susceptibility and the presence of collaterals. Eight different venous locations, including indicated bilateral components, were evaluated: straight sinus, vein of galen, internal cerebral, direct lateral, thalamostriate, atrial and the anterior septal veins. Variables were analysed for statistical significance. Inter-rater reliability was determined via subset evaluation by a second paediatric radiologist.

Results

Deep venous abnormalities were significantly more common in patients with GMH-IVH, with Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test demonstrating significant increase with GMH-IVH for total decreased venous patency (W=0, p<0.0001), increased lumen susceptibility and collateral formation. Venous abnormalities were also positively correlated with an increase in GMH-IVH grade from I to IV (patency, ρ=0.782, p<0.01) (increased lumen susceptibility, ρ=0.739, p<0.01) (collaterals, ρ=0.649, p<0.01), not just GMH-IVH alone.

Conclusion

Deep venous abnormalities are significantly correlated with GMH-IVH alone and an increase in GMH-IVH grade. Further study is needed to determine cause and effect.
Brady- and tachyarrhythmias detected by continuous rhythm monitoring in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation
Authors: Frausing Maria Hee Jung Park , Van De Lande Martijn E , Maass Alexander H , Nguyen Bao-Oanh , Hemels Martin E W , Tieleman Robert G , Koldenhof Tim , De Melis Mirko , Linz Dominik , Schotten Ulrich , Weberndörfer Vanessa , Crijns Harry J G M , Van Gelder Isabelle C , Nielsen Jens Cosedis , Rienstra Michiel
Published: May 2023

Objective

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with adverse events including conduction disturbances, ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death. The aim of this study was to examine brady- and tachyarrhythmias using continuous rhythm monitoring in patients with paroxysmal self-terminating AF (PAF).

Methods

In this multicentre observational substudy to the Reappraisal of Atrial Fibrillation: interaction between hyperCoagulability, Electrical remodelling and Vascular destabilisation in the progression of AF (RACE V), we included 392 patients with PAF and at least 2 years of continuous rhythm monitoring. All patients received an implantable loop recorder, and all detected episodes of tachycardia ≥182 beats per minute (BPM), bradycardia ≤30 BPM or pauses ≥5 s were adjudicated by three physicians.

Results

Over 1272 patient-years of continuous rhythm monitoring, we adjudicated 1940 episodes in 175 patients (45%): 106 (27%) patients experienced rapid AF or atrial flutter (AFL), pauses ≥5 s or bradycardias ≤30 BPM occurred in 47 (12%) patients and in 22 (6%) patients, we observed both episode types. No sustained ventricular tachycardias occurred. In the multivariable analysis, age >70 years (HR 2.3, 95% CI 1.4 to 3.9), longer PR interval (HR 1.9, 1.1–3.1), CHA2DS2-VASc score ≥2 (HR 2.2, 1.1–4.5) and treatment with verapamil or diltiazem (HR 0.4, 0.2–1.0) were significantly associated with bradyarrhythmia episodes. Age >70 years was associated with lower rates of tachyarrhythmias.

Conclusions

In a cohort exclusive to patients with PAF, almost half experienced severe bradyarrhythmias or AF/AFL with rapid ventricular rates. Our data highlight a higher than anticipated bradyarrhythmia risk in PAF.

Trial registration number

NCT02726698.
Effects of clopidogrel bisulfate on B16-F10 cells and tumor development in a murine model of melanoma
Authors: Jantsch Matheus Henrique , Doleski Pedro Henrique , Viana Altevir Rossato , da Silva Jean Lucas Gutknecht , Passos Daniela Ferreira , Cabral Fernanda Licker , Manzoni Alessandra Guedes , Ebone Renan da Silva , Soares Ana Bárbara Uchoa , de Andrade Cínthia Melazzo , Schetinger Maria Rosa Chitolina , Leal Daniela Bitencourt Rosa
Published: May 2023

Summary

Metastatic melanoma is a very aggressive skin cancer. Platelets are constituents of the tumor microenvironment and, when activated, contribute to cancer progression, especially metastasis and inflammation. P2Y12 is an adenosine diphosphate receptor that triggers platelet activation. Inhibition of P2Y12 by clopidogrel bisulfate (CB) decreases platelet activation, which is also controlled by the extracellular concentration and the metabolism of purines by purinergic enzymes. We evaluated the effects of CB on the viability and proliferation of cultured B16-F10 cells. We also used a metastatic melanoma model with C57BL-6 mice to evaluate cancer development and purine metabolism modulation in platelets. B16-F10 cells were administered intraperitoneally to the mice. Two days later, the animals underwent a 12-day treatment with CB (30 mg/kg by gavage). We have found that CB reduced cell viability and proliferation in B16-F10 culture in 72 h at concentrations above 30 µm. In vivo, CB decreased tumor nodule counts and lactate dehydrogenase levels and increased platelet purine metabolism. Our results showed that CB has significant effects on melanoma progression.
A novel rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on marginal spectrum
Authors: Li Kuohao , Tang Yaochi
Published: May 2023

Fault diagnosis is an important method for maintaining the stable and safe running state of mechanical equipment. As most mechanical equipment faults are induced by the bearing assembly, bearing fault diagnosis is of considerable importance. At present, the mainstream intelligent diagnostic techniques include supervised learning and unsupervised learning. Supervised learning requires manual labeling and data classification, which is unfavorable for massive data amounts. Therefore, how to effectively use labeled data to increase the accuracy of diagnosis is critical, especially when the bearing failure cannot be labeled at the very beginning. This paper proposes a time–frequency analysis of the short-time Fourier transform and wavelet transform methods based on unsupervised learning. The time axis was integrated to obtain the marginal frequency of two frequency domains as a diagnostic feature, and then two clustering centroids were established automatically by the K-means of unsupervised learning. The signals were divided into two classes based on the nearest clustering centroid as the criteria for diagnosis. Finally, other bearings in different positions were classified and diagnosed using the nearest clustering centroid in the same experiment to verify the effectiveness of the method proposed in this study.
Study of X(6900) with unitarized coupled channel scattering amplitudes
Authors: Kuang Shi-Qing , Zhou Qi , Guo Di , Yang Qin-He , Dai Ling-Yun
Published: May 2023

In this paper, we study the resonant stateX(6900). The scattering amplitudes of coupled channels,$$J/\psi J/\psi $$J/ψJ/ψ-$$J/\psi \psi (2S)$$J/ψψ(2S)-$$J/\psi \psi (3770)$$J/ψψ(3770), are constructed with the interaction of four vector mesons described by effective Lagrangians. The amplitudes are calculated up to one loop, decomposed by partial wave projection, and unitarized by Pad$$\acute{e}$$e´approximation. These amplitudes are fitted to the latest experimental data sets of di-$$J/\psi $$J/ψand$$J/\psi \psi (2S)$$J/ψψ(2S)invariant mass spectra of LHCb, CMS, and ATLAS. High-quality solutions are obtained. With these partial wave amplitudes, we extract the pole parameters of theX(6900). Its quantum number is likely to be$$0^{++}$$0++. According to the pole counting rule as well as analysis of the phase shifts of the partial waves, it supports our previous conclusion that theX(6900) prefers to be a compact tetra-quark.
Fixed-/predefined-time stabilization and synchronization of memristor chaotic circuits
Authors: Ma Ru-Ru , Huang Zhixiang
Published: May 2023

This investigation discusses the problems of fixed-/predefined-time stabilization and synchronization of memristor chaotic circuits (MCCs). Specially, all of the proposed control schemes are differentiable, namely smooth, which are superior to the previous finite-/fixed-time control techniques, because the discontinuous signum and absolute functions are not contained anymore. Comparing with the traditional fast convergence of chaotic systems, the upper-bound estimation of convergence time in this investigation is not only irrelevant to the initial values of MCCs, but also concise and explicit. Moreover, according to the Lyapunov stability theory, the sufficient criteria are established successively for ensuring the fixed-/predefined-time stabilization and synchronization of MCCs. Finally, the numerical simulations are placed to validate the effectiveness and feasibility of obtained results, in which the comparison is made and the effect of controlling parameters on the convergence speed is further explored.
KOMAROVA’S BONE REMODELING TYPE MODEL REVISITED WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF A NEW PARAMETER AFFECTING BOTH PRODUCTION AND REMOVAL ACTIVITIES OF OSTEOBLASTS AND OSTEOCLASTS
Authors: RAMTANI SALAH , TOUDJI LIZA , BOUKHAROUBA TAOUFIK , BOUCETTA ABDELKADER , GARZÓN-ALVARADO DIEGO A.
Published: May 2023

Taking advantage of the well-known Komarova’s type model, it is proposed here to analyze again the bone dynamics process within the context of a new parameter introduced in order to act only on the production/removal activities of osteoblasts and osteoclasts (BMU) while saving the net effectiveness of osteoclast-or-osteoblast-derived autocrine or paracrine factors. The effects of this new parameter upon simulation of the bone remodeling cycle as well as stable, intrinsically regulated oscillatory changes in bone cell numbers and bone mass are analyzed and from which unstable oscillations, similar to pathologically accelerated bone remodeling of Paget’s disease appear. One can say that the introduced d parameter, with [Formula: see text], can be viewed as a new parameter driven by Pathological conditions. On the other hand, the parameter d can probably be linked to the complex mechanisms that regulate communication between osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are known as critical to bone cell biology.
REVERSIBLE WATERMARKING ALGORITHM WITH CHAOS AND ZUC ENCRYPTION BASED ON DEEP LEARNING IN HEALTHCARE
Authors: ZHU TING , WANG CHAOYING , CAO WENLIANG
Published: May 2023

In view of the shortcomings of the existing reversible watermarking algorithms for encrypted images, such as low embedding rate and incomplete separation, and at the same time ensuring the embedding rate and the quality of the watermarked image, this paper proposes a reversible watermarking algorithm for encrypted images with high embedding rate and separable effect. This paper proposes a reversible watermarking algorithm for encrypted images with high embedding rate and separable effect. First, the plaintext image is encrypted by using the encryption series generated by chaotic system and Zu Chongzhi’s encryption algorithm; Second, analyze the PSNR value of the image under different interpolation conditions, generate the corresponding expected interpolation, and embed the watermark information into the image based on the expected interpolation; Finally, the original image can be recovered by using the encryption key, and the watermark information can be obtained by using the embedded key. The security and embedding ability of the algorithm are analyzed through simulation experiments. The results show that the introduction of ZUC stream cipher can expand the key space of the algorithm, have high security and achieve the separable effect. The embedding of watermark information has little impact on the ciphertext image, and the embedding rate is also higher than the contrast algorithm under the condition of ensuring the visual effect of the image.
Nonlinear Stability and Vibration Analyses of Functionally Graded Variable Thickness Toroidal Shell Segments Reinforced with Spiral Stiffeners
Authors: Dai Liming , Foroutan Kamran
Published: May 2023

In this study, an analysis of nonlinear stability and vibration of functionally graded (FG) variable thickness toroidal shell segments (TSSs) reinforced with spiral stiffeners exposed to axial loading is presented using a combination of semi-analytical and analytical methods. Three types of variable thickness TSSs, including concave, convex, and cylindrical shells (CSs), are studied. Moreover, these structures are reinforced by external spiral stiffeners with various angles whose material properties are considered to be continuously graded along the thickness direction. In this regard, the smeared stiffeners technique is utilized to model the stiffeners, and the Donnell shell theory and the von Kármán equation are applied to derive the nonlinear governing equation for variable thickness TSSs reinforced with spiral stiffeners. Galerkin’s method is then used to obtain a discretized nonlinear governing equation to analyze the shells’ behavior. Also, the fourth-order P-T method is applied to analyze the nonlinear dynamic behaviors and the Budiansky–Roth criteria are used to examine the dynamic post-buckling (DPB) behavior. In this regard, it is noted that in terms of reliability and accuracy, the fourth-order P-T method has demonstrated advantages over the other numerical methods. Results are reported to evaluate the influences of stiffeners with different angles and input factors on the nonlinear vibration, dynamic and static post-buckling (SPB) behaviors of FG variable thickness TSSs reinforced with spiral stiffeners.
Algorithms for Right-sizing Heterogeneous Data Centers
Authors: Albers Susanne , Quedenfeld Jens
Published: May 2023

Power consumption is a dominant and still growing cost factor in data centers. In time periods with low load, the energy consumption can be reduced by powering down unused servers. We resort to a model introduced by Lin, Wierman, Andrew, and Thereska [
23
,
24
] that considers data centers with identical machines and generalize it to heterogeneous data centers with
d
different server types. The operating cost of a server depends on its load and is modeled by an increasing, convex function for each server type. In contrast to earlier work, we consider the discrete setting, where the number of active servers must be integral. Thereby, we seek truly feasible solutions. For homogeneous data centers (
d
=1), both the offline and the online problem were solved optimally in References [
3
,
4
].

In this article, we study heterogeneous data centers with general time-dependent operating cost functions. We develop an online algorithm based on a work function approach that achieves a competitive ratio of 2
d
+ 1 + ε for any ε > 0. For time-independent operating cost functions, the competitive ratio can be reduced to 2
d
+ 1. There is a lower bound of
2d
shown in Reference [
5
], so our algorithm is nearly optimal. For the offline version, we give a graph-based (1+ε)-approximation algorithm. Additionally, our offline algorithm is able to handle time-variable data-center sizes.
Self-Activated SiO2/C Nanocomposite from Silica-Rich Marine Mucilage for Supercapacitor Applications
Authors: Sinan Tatli Neriman , Yilmaz Mete , Unur Yilmaz Ece
Published: May 2023

Bioresources are continually being explored as potential precursors for sustainable supercapacitor electrode materials. In this work, diatom-rich marine mucilage (MM) collected from the Marmara Sea, Turkey was used as a biomass source and converted to SiO2/Carbon nanocomposite (SiO

2

/C) through pyrolysis and acid etching. Diatom frustules acted as a highly porous silica source while algal organic matter delivered the carbonaceous part of the composite. The natural salts found in marine mucilage served as a self-activating agent and avoided the use of corrosive chemicals for the development of pores. The SiO

2

/C exhibited a competitive capacitance of 210 F g–1 at a current rate of 0.5 A g–1 in 1 M sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) aqueous electrolyte solution. The porous and durable silica skeleton improved capacitance by expanding the electrode/electrolyte interface, and the interconnected hierarchical pores ensured high electrochemical stability during long-term cycling. The mucilage-derived nanocomposite retained 80% and 70% of its capacitance after 4000 and 10,000 charge–discharge cycles, respectively. This work presents a potential solution for the management of marine mucilage by converting it into a high-value electrode material.
On the Global Well-Posedness for a Hyperbolic Model Arising from Chemotaxis Model with Fractional Laplacian Operator
Authors: Melkemi Oussama , Abdo Mohammed S. , Aiyashi M.A. , Albalwi M. Daher
Published: May 2023

Several cells and microorganisms, such as bacteria and somatic, have many essential features, one of which can be modeled by the chemotaxis system, which we consider to be our main interest in this article. More precisely, we studied the hyperbolic system derived from the chemotaxis model with fractional dissipation, which is a generalization for the hyperbolic system with classical dissipation. The results of this article are divided into two parts. In the first part, we used energy methods to obtain the existence of small solutions in the Besov spaces. The second one deals with the optimal decay of perturbed solutions using a refined time-weighted energy combined with the Littlewood-Paley decomposition technique. To the authors’ best knowledge, this type of system (with fractional dissipation) has not been studied in the literature.
Seroprevalence of Toxocariasis and Its Associated Risk Factors among Adult Population in Kavar District, Fars Province, South of Iran: A Cross-Sectional Community-Based Seroepidemiological Survey
Authors: Pezeshkian Fatemehsadat , Pouryousef Ali , Omidian Mostafa , Mikaeili Fattaneh , Safarpour Ali Reza , Shojaei-Zarghani Sara , Sarkari Bahador
Published: May 2023

Toxocariasis as a common neglected disease is the culprit of infecting all age groups. The current cross-sectional study was designed to assess the seroprevalence of toxocariasis and risk factors associated with seropositivity of Toxocara infection among the general population of adults in the Kavar district, south of Iran. A total of 1060 participants with an age range of 35 to 70 years from the Kavar region entered the study. Manual ELISA was utilized to detect anti-Toxocara-specific antibodies in their serum samples. In addition, demographic information as well as risk factors related to toxocariasis was collected from individuals who participated in the survey. The mean age of the participants was 48.9 (±7.9) years old. Out of 1060 subjects, 532 (50.2%) were men, and 528 (49.8%) were women. The overall Toxocara seroprevalence was 5.8% (61/1060). The prevalence of Toxocara seropositive cases was significantly different between males and females (

p

 = 0.023). The seropositive rate for Toxocara infection was also significantly higher in housewives (

p

 = 0.003) and subjects with learning disabilities (

p

 = 0.008). Multivariable logistic regression revealed that housewives (OR = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.18–3.51,

p

 = 0.010) and subjects with learning disability (OR = 3.32, 95% CI: 1.29–8.52,

p

 = 0.013) were at increased risk of Toxocara infection. The findings of the current study depicted a noticeable seroprevalence of Toxocara infection in the general population in the Kavar district, southern Iran. An increased risk of toxocariasis has been associated with learning disabilities and being a housewife. All of the toxocariasis-positive cases had contact with animals, at some point in their life. In perspective, it is necessary to raise awareness of this infection among the population while surveilling Toxocara infection in high-risk groups.
Big Data Analytics, Processing Models, Taxonomy of Tools, V’s, and Challenges: State-of-Art Review and Future Implications
Authors: Dasari Sandeep , Kaluri Rajesh
Published: May 2023

In the current digital era, data is budding tremendously from various sources like banks, businesses, education, entertainment, etc. Due to its significant consequence, it became a prominent proceeding for numerous research areas like the semantic web, machine learning, computational intelligence, and data mining. For knowledge extraction, several corporate sectors depend on tweets, blogs, and social data to get adequate analysis. It helps them predict the customer’s tastes and preferences, optimize the usage of resources. In some cases, the same data creates complications that lead to a problem named as big data. To solve this, so many researchers have given various solutions. Based on literature analysis formulated 6-s simulation towards big data, detailed information about characteristics, a taxonomy of tools, and discussed various processing paradigms. No one tool can truly fit for all solutions, so this paper helps to make decisions smoothly by providing enough information and discussing major privacy issues and future directions.
Load‐Balanced Cluster Head Selection Enhancing Network Lifetime in WSN Using Hybrid Approach for IoT Applications
Authors: Srivastava Ankita , Mishra Pramod Kumar
Published: May 2023

In recent times, the deployment of wireless sensor networks becomes important in revolutionary areas such as smart cities, environmental monitoring, smart transportation, and smart industries. The battery power of sensor nodes is limited due to which their efficient utilization is much necessary as the battery is irreplaceable. Efficient energy utilization is addressed as one of the important issues by many researchers recently in WSN. Clustering is one of the fundamental approaches used for efficient energy utilization in WSNs. The clustering method should be effective for the selection of optimal clusters with efficient energy consumption. Extensive modification in the clustering approaches leads to an increase in the lifetime of sensor nodes which is a unique way for network lifetime enhancement. As the technologies were taken to next the level where multiparameters need to be considered in almost every application in clustering, multiple factors affect the clustering and these factors were conflicting in nature too. Due to the conflicting nature of these factors, it becomes difficult to coordinate among them for optimized clustering. In this paper, we have considered multiattributes and made coordination among these attributes for optimal cluster head selection. We have considered Multi‐Attribute Decision‐Making (MADM) methods for CH’s selection from the available alternatives by making suitable coordination among these attributes, and comparative analysis has been taken in LEACH, LEACH‐C, EECS, HEED, HEEC, and DEECET algorithms. The experimental results validate that using MADM approaches, the proposed APRO algorithm proves to be one of the better exhibits for choosing the available CHs.
An Isolation Improvement for Closely Spaced MIMO Antenna Using λ/4 Distance for WLAN Applications
Authors: Suganya E. , Prabhu T. , Palanisamy Satheeshkumar , Malik Praveen Kumar , Bilandi Naveen , Gehlot Anita
Published: May 2023

An isolation improvement for a closely spaced quad port multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna for WLAN applications is presented. The proposed antenna consists of four L-shaped monopole microstrip patch antennas with a rectangular slot at the center and truncated edges at the corner of each patch element. Interelement isolation is improved by more than 12 dB by considering the patch size, ground size, and distance between the patch elements. The designed antenna uses λ/4 distance between the patch elements. The slot in each patch improves the bandwidth, and truncated edges at the corner of the patch improve the impedance matching of the antenna. The proposed MIMO antenna is designed with the overall dimensions of 45.5 mm × 45.5 mm × 1.96 mm. The MIMO parameters for the proposed technique, which include envelope correlation coefficient (E.C.C.) are less than 0.5, and the diversity gain (D.G.) is 10 dB, suggesting this antenna’s suitability for MIMO operations. The average peak realized gain (A.P.R.G.) and radiation efficiency (RE) is 2.8 dBi and greater than 80% for the prescribed band of interest. The antenna element is fabricated and tested using microwave analyzer N9917A. The measured result seems to be in good contact with the simulation. The proposed MIMO antenna is well-suitable for WLAN applications.
Mathematical Modeling of Feelings in Viewpoint of Analysis of Olvido Poetry with Fractional Operators
Authors: Dokuyucu Mustafa Ali , Armağan Burak , Eliuz Ülkü , Akdemir Ahmet Ocak , Köksal Mehmet Emir
Published: May 2023

The main motivation point of the article and the main factor that provides originality are an analysis of the modeling of feelings in the perspective of the analysis of Olvido’s poetry with the help of two fractional operators that offer the most effective solutions to real-world problems. In the study, first of all, the effect and contribution of fractional analysis to be applied and theoretical sciences were examined. A mathematical model of the feelings described in Olvido’s poem has been created to establish an important connection between fractional operators, which are an effective tool in the explanation of many physical and applied phenomena, and literary works that try to describe human life and feelings. The solutions of this model are investigated with the help of Caputo and Atangana–Baleanu fractional derivative operators. The findings were supported by various graphics in the light of special values of the parameters of the operators. The study focuses on generalizing the effects of literature research on human life to a general framework, not only providing the realization of the outputs that the literature field brings to human life and literature with the help of a mathematical model. The study has a rare content in the literature in terms of bringing together poetry and mathematics, which deal with human life with different methodologies.
Evaluating the Effect of Active Charcoal-Containing Toothpaste on Color Change, Microhardness, and Surface Roughness of Tooth Enamel and Resin Composite Restorative Materials
Authors: Forouzanfar Ali , Hasanpour Pouria , Yazdandoust Yasaman , Bagheri Hosein , Mohammadipour Hamideh Sadat
Published: May 2023

Background and Objectives. Charcoal-containing toothpastes have become popular among many patients; however, there is inadequate scientific evidence on oral health. This study aimed to evaluate the color change, surface microhardness, and roughness of bovine enamel and composite resin submitted to simulated toothbrushing with a whitening toothpaste containing activated charcoal. Methods. Thirty-six bovine incisors and resin composite samples were prepared, stained with black tea, and then randomly divided into two groups. The samples were brushed with a charcoal-containing toothpaste (Colgate® MAX WHITE) and daily toothpaste (Colgate® Max Fresh) for 10,000 cycles. Before and after brushing cycles, color variables (ΔL, Δa, Δb), total color change (ΔE), plus Vickers microhardness were evaluated. Two samples of each group were prepared for surface roughness assessment via atomic force microscope. Data were analyzed by Shapiro–Wilk, Independent sample t-test and Mann–Whitney U tests. Results. According to the obtained results, ΔE and ΔL were significantly higher whereas Δa and Δb were noticeably lower in charcoal-containing toothpaste group in comparison with daily toothpaste in both composite and enamel samples. The microhardness of samples brushed with Colgate® MAX WHITE was significantly higher than that of Colgate® Max Fresh in enamel (

P
=
0.04

), whereas no significant difference was found in composite resin samples (

P
=
0.23

). Colgate® MAX WHITE enhanced the roughness of both enamel and composite surfaces. Conclusion. The charcoal-containing toothpaste could improve the color of both enamel and resin composite with no negative effect on microhardness. Nevertheless, its adverse roughening effect should be considered occasionally on composite restorations.
Prognostic Risk Factors of 30-Day Death in Traumatic Lower Limb Fracture Patients with Acute Pulmonary Embolism: A Single-Center Retrospective Study
Authors: Li Huanhuan , Yu Yijun , Wang Yuting , Zhang Qian , Gu Ye
Published: May 2023

Background. To explore the prognostic risk factors of 30-day death in patients with traumatic lower limb fracture (TLLF) complicated with acute pulmonary embolism (APE). Methods. 295 consecutive TLLF patients diagnosed as APE according to pulmonary artery CT angiography, hospitalized in our hospital from January 2017 to December 2021, were included in this study. Patients were divided into nonsurvival group and survival group according to 30-day follow-up results. After adjusting age, sex, and all the clinical variables with

P

values of <0.2 with backward stepwise method (likelihood ratio), multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to analyze risk factors of 30 days all-cause death in TLLF patients with APE. The area under curve (AUC) calculated by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and the incremental model were used to determine the prognostic potential of identified risk factors. Results. 29 patients died during 30-day follow-up. Simplified pulmonary embolism severity index (sPESI) score ≥1 (

P
<
0.05

), Wells score ≥7 (

P
<
0.01

), and pulmonary hypertension (

P
<
0.01

) were associated with higher risk, while anticoagulant therapy (

P
<
0.01

) was associated with lower risk of all-cause death during 30 days follow-up in APE patients. Compared with sPESI score, Wells score plus pulmonary hypertension produced better predictive efficacy. Prognostic value of sPESI score could be enhanced by adding Wells score, pulmonary hypertension, and anticoagulant therapy to the predicting models. Conclusions. Wells score ≥7 and pulmonary hypertension are independent predictive risk factors of 30-day all-cause death in TLLF patients with APE.
Optimum Tilt Angle and Solar Radiation of Photovoltaic Modules for Gulf Collaboration Council Countries
Authors: Melhem Raghed , Shaker Yomna
Published: May 2023

This article focuses on the optimization of tilt angle for solar panels in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. The tilt angle is a crucial factor that affects the amount of solar radiation received by the solar panel. The study uses a mathematical model to calculate the optimal tilt angle based on the latitude and longitude of the location and compares the results with the PVWatts calculator. The importance of selecting the optimal tilt angle for maximizing solar energy production is emphasized. The study finds that the mathematical model and PVWatts calculator are in good agreement, except for the negative tilt angles calculated by the model. The article also provides monthly, seasonally, and yearly irradiance values for the GCC countries calculated using the PVWatts calculator. It suggests that changing the tilt angle 12 times during the year can enhance the power output by 10.9%. The results show that the monthly automated angle has a maximum in December and a minimum in June, with Oman having the highest maximum angle of 50.5 and the lowest minimum angle of -10.58. Kuwait has the highest maximum angle of 58.33 and the lowest minimum angle of -2.75. The results are verified by the PVWatts calculator, showing a good similarity with a percentage of error around 3%. The study highlights the importance of selecting the optimal tilt angle to achieve maximum solar energy production in the GCC countries. The mathematical model and PVWatts calculator can serve as tools to calculate the optimum tilt angle for solar panels.
Severe Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions at a Tertiary Care Center in Saudi Arabia
Authors: AlJasser Mohammed I.
Published: May 2023

Background. Severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions (SCARs), although rare, are known to be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. SCARs include drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), Stevens–Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN), and acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP). Studies on SCARs are limited in Saudi Arabia. This study aims to characterize SCARs at a tertiary care center in Saudi Arabia. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. All inpatient and emergency department consultations to dermatology were electronically reviewed during the period from January 2016 to December 2020. All patients who developed an adverse cutaneous drug reaction were enrolled. Detailed analysis was performed only for SCARs. The culprit medication was determined based on the latency period, history of previous intake of the medication, and drug notoriety. Results. There were 3050 hospital consultations to dermatology during the study period. Cutaneous adverse drug reactions constituted 253 (8.3%) cases. A total of 41 patients with SCARs were identified, accounting for 16.2% of all cutaneous drug reactions. Antibiotics and anticonvulsants were the most common causative drug groups accounting for 28 (68.3%) and 9 (22%) cases, respectively. DRESS was the most common SCAR. The latency period was the longest for DRESS and shortest for AGEP. Vancomycin was responsible for approximately a third of DRESS cases. Piperacillin/tazobactam was the most common cause for SJS/TEN and AGEP. The majority of drugs causing AGEP were antibiotics. The mortality rate was the highest in SJS/TEN (5/11 (45.5%)), followed by DRESS (1/23 (4.4%)) and AGEP (1/7 (14.3%)). Conclusion. SCARs are rare in Saudis. DRESS appears to be the most common SCAR in our region. Vancomycin is responsible for most cases of DRESS. SJS/TEN had the highest mortality rate. More studies are required to further characterize SCARs in Saudi Arabia and Arabian Gulf countries. More importantly, thorough studies of HLA associations and lymphocyte transformation tests among Arabs with SCARs are likely to further improve patient care in the Arabian Gulf region.
Neuropathic Pain Was Associated with Central Sensitivity Syndrome in Patients with Preoperative Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Using the painDETECT and Central Sensitization Inventory Questionnaires: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Iwasaki Rintaro , Miki Takahiro , Miyazaki Mizuki , Kanetaka Chifumi , Mitsuyama Tetsuryu , Ota Kaiji
Published: May 2023

Background. Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) patients have been reported to have neuropathic pain and central sensitivity syndrome (CSS). These associations have been reported in other diseases but are unknown in preoperative LSS patients. We aimed to investigate the association between neuropathic pain and CSS in preoperative LSS patients using the painDETECT and the Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI) questionnaires. Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2021 to March 2022. The data were collected regarding demographics and pain, including neuropathic pain, numbness, LSS severity, physical function, quality of life, and CSS. Patients were divided into two groups, patients with acute and chronic pain, and further classified into three categories based on the clinical phenotype of patients in each group. Independent variables included age, gender, type of LSS (bilateral or unilateral symptoms), Numerical Rating Scale of leg pain, CSI, and the Zurich Claudication Questionnaire (ZCQ) for symptom severity and physical function. The dependent variable was painDETECT. Multiple regression analysis using the forced entry method examined the association between painDETECT and CSI. Results. Of the 119 patients with preoperative LSS, 106 were included. The mean age of the participants was 69.9 years, and 45.3% were female. Neuropathic pain was present in 19.8%, and CSS was present in 10.4%. The CSI (β = 0.468,

p
<
0.001

) and ZCQ for symptom severity (β = 0.304,

p
<
0.01

) were significantly associated with the painDETECT, explaining 47.8% of the variance in the painDETECT score. Conclusions. There is an association between neuropathic pain and CSS in patients with preoperative LSS using the painDETECT and CSI questionnaires.
Increased Expression of SRSF1 Predicts Poor Prognosis in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Zhang Jiawei , Wang Zanzan , Wang Kailai , Xin Dijia , Wang Luyao , Fan Yili , Xu Yang
Published: May 2023

Background. Multiple myeloma (MM) is a clonal plasma cell disorder which still lacks sufficient prognostic factors. The serine/arginine-rich splicing factor (SRSF) family serves as an important splicing regulator in organ development. Among all members, SRSF1 plays an important role in cell proliferation and renewal. However, the role of SRSF1 in MM is still unknown. Methods. SRSF1 was selected from the primary bioinformatics analysis of SRSF family members, and then we integrated 11 independent datasets and analyzed the relationship between SRSF1 expression and MM clinical characteristics. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted to explore the potential mechanism of SRSF1 in MM progression. ImmuCellAI was used to estimate the abundance of immune infiltrating cells between the SRSF1high and SRSF1low groups. The ESTIMATE algorithm was used to evaluate the tumor microenvironment in MM. The expression of immune-related genes was compared between the groups. Additionally, SRSF1 expression was validated in clinical samples. SRSF1 knockdown was conducted to explore the role of SRSF1 in MM development. Results. SRSF1 expression showed an increasing trend with the progression of myeloma. Besides, SRSF1 expression increased as the age, ISS stage, 1q21 amplification level, and relapse times increased. MM patients with higher SRSF1 expression had worse clinical features and poorer outcomes. Univariate and multivariate analysis indicated that upregulated SRSF1 expression was an independent poor prognostic factor for MM. Enrichment pathway analysis confirmed that SRSF1 takes part in the myeloma progression via tumor-associated and immune-related pathways. Several checkpoints and immune-activating genes were significantly downregulated in the SRSF1high groups. Furthermore, we detected that SRSF1 expression was significantly higher in MM patients than that in control donors. SRSF1 knockdown resulted in proliferation arrest in MM cell lines. Conclusion. The expression value of SRSF1 is positively associated with myeloma progression, and high SRSF1 expression might be a poor prognostic biomarker in MM patients.
Supplemental Figure S1 from Phase II Investigation of TVB-2640 (Denifanstat) with Bevacizumab in Patients with First Relapse High-Grade Astrocytoma
Authors: Kelly William , Diaz Duque Adolfo Enrique , Michalek Joel , Konkel Brandon , Caflisch Laura , Chen Yidong , Pathuri Sarath Chand , Madhusudanannair-Kunnuparampil Vinu , Floyd John , Brenner Andrew
Published: May 2023

CONSORT flow diagram with patient disposition and treatment
Supplementary Video S2C from First-in-Human Study of the Radioligand 68Ga-N188 Targeting Nectin-4 for PET/CT Imaging of Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma
Authors: Duan Xiaojiang , Xia Lei , Zhang Zhuochen , Ren Yanan , Pomper Martin G. , Rowe Steven P. , Li Xuesong , Li Nan , Zhang Ning , Zhu Hua , Yang Zhi , Sheng Xinan , Yang Xing
Published: May 2023

40 min full dynamic Total-body PET imaging of Patient 6
Supplementary Table S4 from First-in-Human Study of the Radioligand 68Ga-N188 Targeting Nectin-4 for PET/CT Imaging of Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma
Authors: Duan Xiaojiang , Xia Lei , Zhang Zhuochen , Ren Yanan , Pomper Martin G. , Rowe Steven P. , Li Xuesong , Li Nan , Zhang Ning , Zhu Hua , Yang Zhi , Sheng Xinan , Yang Xing
Published: May 2023

68Ga-N188 normal-organ absorbed doses in male (μGy/MBq, mean ± SD).
Supplementary Table S3 from First-in-Human Study of the Radioligand 68Ga-N188 Targeting Nectin-4 for PET/CT Imaging of Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma
Authors: Duan Xiaojiang , Xia Lei , Zhang Zhuochen , Ren Yanan , Pomper Martin G. , Rowe Steven P. , Li Xuesong , Li Nan , Zhang Ning , Zhu Hua , Yang Zhi , Sheng Xinan , Yang Xing
Published: May 2023

Quality control of 68Ga-N188 used in this study
Data from Phase II Investigation of TVB-2640 (denifanstat) with Bevacizumab in Patients with First Relapse High-Grade Astrocytoma
Authors: Kelly William , Diaz Duque Adolfo Enrique , Michalek Joel , Konkel Brandon , Caflisch Laura , Chen Yidong , Pathuri Sarath Chand. , Madhusudanannair Kunnuparampil Vinu , Floyd John , Brenner Andrew
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Glioblastoma (GBM) represents the most common primary brain tumor. Although anti-angiogenics are employed in the recurrent setting, they do not prolong survival. GBM is known to upregulate fatty acid synthase (FASN) to facilitate lipid biosynthesis. TVB-2640, a FASN inhibitor, impairs this activity. Patients and Methods: We conducted a prospective, single-center, open-label, unblinded, phase II study of TVB-2640 plus bevacizumab in patients with recurrent high-grade astrocytoma. Patients were randomized to TVB-2640 (100mg/m2 oral daily) plus bevacizumab (10mg/kg IV, D1 and D15) or bevacizumab monotherapy for cycle 1 only (28 days) for biomarker analysis. Thereafter, all patients received TVB-2640 plus bevacizumab until treatment-related toxicity or progressive disease. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival. Results: A total of 25 patients were enrolled. The most frequently reported AEs were palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia, hypertension, mucositis, dry eye, fatigue and skin infection. Most were Grade 1 or 2 in intensity. The ORR for TVB-2640 plus bevacizumab was 56% (CR 17%, PR 39%). PFS6 for TVB-2640 plus bevacizumab was 31.4%. This represented a statistically significant improvement in PFS6 over historical bevacizumab monotherapy (BELOB 16%, p=0.008) and met the primary study endpoint. The observed OS6 was 68%, with survival not reaching significance by log rank test (p=0.56). Conclusions: In this phase II study of relapsed high-grade astrocytoma, TVB-2640 was found to be a well-tolerated oral drug that could be safely combined with bevacizumab. The favorable safety profile and response signals support the initiation of a larger multicenter trial of TVB-2640 plus bevacizumab in astrocytoma.