bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Big Data Analytics With Reference To Wide Variety of Domains
Authors:   IT Department, Anurag Group of Institutions, Hyderabad, India., Sharma Niteesha , Sriram A. ,   IT Department, Anurag Group of Institutions, Hyderabad, India., Reddy Dr. K. S. ,   IT Department, Anurag Group of Institutions, Hyderabad, India.
Published: August 2019

In the current day scenario, a huge amount of data is been generated from various heterogeneous sources like social networks, business apps, government sector, marketing, health care system, sensors, machine log data which is created at such a high speed and other sources. Big Data is chosen as one among the upcoming area of research by several industries. In this paper, the author presents wide collection of literature that has been reviewed and analyzed. This paper emphasizes on Big Data Technologies, Application & Challenges, a comparative study on architectures, methodologies, tools, and survey results proposed by various researchers are presented.
Balanced XOR/XNOR Circuits using CNTFET
Authors:   Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Amruta Institute of Engineering & Management Sciences, Bidadi, Karnataka, India., N Anitha , P Dr.Srividya ,   Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, R V College of Engineering, Bangalore, India.
Published: August 2019

In this work, a standard design methodology in different logic styles using Carbon Nano Tube field effect transistor is proposed to construct Balanced XOR/XNOR circuit. The Proposed methodology is build on different basic cells to optimize area, power dissipation and delay. The circuits for Balanced XOR/XNOR can be designed with selecting a Elementary basic cell including two independent inputs and two complementary outputs. The basic cell is then combined with various correction and optimization techniques to build a perfect XOR/XNOR circuit to avoid weak zero and week one at the output. Simulation results of the proposed circuits shows better performances in terms of delay, power and PDP. The proposed circuits are evaluated using cadence virtouso.
A Ranking Based Model for Selecting Optimum Cloud Geographical Region
Authors:   Department of CSE, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology,Longowal Sangrur, India., Neeraj  , Singh Major ,   Department of CSE, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Longowal Sangrur, India., Singh Damanpreet ,   Department of CSE, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Longowal Sangrur, India.
Published: August 2019

Cloud computing has become a dominant service computing model where the services such as software, platform, infrastructure are provided to the cloud consumers on demand basis using pay as you go model. Every cloud consumer requires high performance service in minimal cost. The performance of service in cloudis measured by the parameters availability, agility, cost, and security etc. The service performance and cost are very much dependent on the cloud geographical region (CGR) where these are deployed. The services offered by the cloud service provider are installed on multiple data centers located at different CGR. In cloud environment, the selection of a service installed on the optimum CGR within the limited time overhead is a challenging and interesting problem. In this paper, the multi criteria decision making method, PROMETHEE II and objective weighting method Shannon’s Entropy,based ranking model is proposed for solving the optimum CGR selection problem. The CGR dataset of Amazon Web Service is used for the numerical analysis. The sensitivity analysis is performed for validating the stability of the proposed model and getting the most sensitive parameter. The applicability and usefulness of the service selection process is validated through the experimental results on synthetic dataset. Results show that the service selection process is achieved withlimited time overhead and hence suitable for online selection process in cloud.
Power Management in Server Farms
Authors:   Professor, PRIST Deemed to be University, Thanjavur (Tamil Nadu), India., Maruthi Dr. R , Sankari N.Siva ,   M.Phil Student, PRIST Deemed to be University, Thanjavur (Tamil Nadu), India.
Published: August 2019

With developing utilization of web and exponential development in measure of information to be handled, the extent of server farms has enormously expanded. This, in any case, has brought about huge increment in the power utilization of the server farms. Hence, overseeing power utilization of server farms has moved toward becoming fundamental. In this paper, the need of accomplishing vitality productivity in server farms and overview a few later structural procedures intended for power the executives of server farms is featured. Additionally an order of these methods dependent on their qualities is presented. This paper expects to explore into the methods to improving vitality effectiveness of server farms and urge the necessity to create novel answers for dealing with the huge control dissemination of server farms.
Hybrid Cryptography based E2EE for Integrity & Confidentiality in Multimedia Cloud Computing
Authors:   (Research Scholar), Department of Computer Science and Application, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India, Harnal Er. Shilpi , Chauhan Dr. R.K. ,   (Professor), Department of Computer Science and Application, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India
Published: August 2019

Cloud Computing has become a desirable state for the mobile users by providing anytime and anywhere access to various services and resources. Likewisemultimedia data such as audio, images, video and gif files covers the maximum part of the network traffic, as most of the data shared, produced, processed and stored through numerous sources such as smart phones, computers, sensor networks, satellites, medical records etc. is of multimedia type. Such form of data requires huge computing power and storage capacities along with the major security constraints. Mobile devices with limited configuration and low computing powers are not able to match with the high level computing and manipulations required by costly multimedia softwares. That’s why demand for the Multimedia Cloud Computing came into frames. As multimedia data has distinct computing, storage and security constraints, this field has become anemerging and latest area of research. Many researches have also proposed separate architectures for Multimedia Cloud Computing. Security, integrity and confidentiality of private and secret media files is always a matter of stake for cloud users as well as for cloud providers. For multimedia cloud security concerns, cryptography is a guaranteed solution.This paper has discussed about the various needs and challenges faced by the multimedia cloud providers. This work has also proposed a hybrid cryptography algorithm based end-to-end encryption (E2EE) approach to maintain integrity and confidentiality in multimedia cloud computing environment. The second last section provides a performance analysis for the algorithm in terms of tables and graphs to justify the results.
Computational Analysis of Distance based Phylogenetic Tree for Azotobacter Species
Authors:   Computer Science Dept., Anand Vihar college for women, Bhopal,India, Sharma Mrs Akansha , Thakur Dr.R.S. ,   MCA Dept. MANIT, Bhopal, India., Jaloree Dr. Shailesh ,   Department of mathematics, SATI, Vidisha, India.
Published: August 2019

Phylogenetic tree is a pictorial representation of evolutionary relationships between organisms. It is important method to analyze the biological data. Phylogenetic trees are based on two methods : Distance based and Character based. Phylogenetic tree are used comparative analysis of any organism like human Beings, Animals, Bacteria, Viruses and Fungi’s etc. In this paper we compare 12 different nucleotide sequences of Azotobacter species having linear DNA of 999 BP as maximum size using substitution model and phylogenetic model. In this study two different models name P-Distance and Jukes cantor model are used and helped in finding UPGMA or Neighbour joining method efficiency in evaluating the similarity and dissimilarity of bacterial species. This paper gives influence in reconciliation of Azotobacter species to produce phylogram with informative branch lengths. This further leads to analyze and understand various expressive characters of Azotobacter in agriculture field.
Health Insurance Data Processing using Linked Data
Authors:   SCSE, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai, India., Shah Vishal , S Dr. Shridevi ,   SCSE, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai, India.
Published: August 2019

The data in the organization is distributed among multiple structured databases. The large database makes the process of risk analysis difficult, as data is distributed in the organization. Information gathering for Risk analysis is more subjective and therefore, processing incomplete information over distributed databases increase more fault in risk analysis. Linked Data representation helps to make structured, distributed data more related, combined and ready to be processed. Linked Data approach makes data interlinked and semantically rich, extracting meaning with the use of machines and eliminating the human subjectivity factor in assessing insurance risk. Using Linked data, information retrieval process can be easier as data or databases interlinked semantically. The proposed technique uses a linked data approach for risk analysis and related information retrieval methods over structured data. The work efficiency is also tested and found to be good.
Fuzzy Tsukamoto and ITIL for Improvement Strategy on Incident Ticket Services
Authors:   Faculty of Computer Science, Mercu Buana University, Jakarta, Indonesia., Ranggadara Indra
Published: August 2019

Ticket Incident is a service provided to clients who work with Meraki Digital Indonesia. At present Ticket incident is a significant problem in terms of service, especially in handling correction software that has the highest number of tickets, because the software development planning is not optimal because the client needs software that is built because of the large number of ticket incidents that occur, so it is necessary to improve service to clients. So we need a way to improve incident ticket service using the ITIL method. This improvement method is following the purpose of assessment in each area service operation by using questionnaires, then to correct this problem another approach is needed with Fuzzy Tsukamoto to measure how many tickets need to be completed to improve the services provided. The results of this study based on the assessment using ITIL found Service Operation Processes and Organizing Service Operations as a weakness, and from the results of Fuzzy Tsukamoto with the calculation of 162 tickets that need to be appropriately resolved so that it becomes a reference for developing and improving services provided to clients.
Simulating Hydraulic Characteristics and Enhance Design of My Lam Spillway-Stilling Basin,Vietnam
Authors:   Thuyloi University, Hanoi, 100000 Ha noi, Vietnam., Hien Le Thi Thu
Published: August 2019

The purpose of this paper is to use a hydrodynamic 3D model to simulate steady flow over spillway-stilling basin of Mylam, Vietnam. A robust and effective tool of Flow 3D software in simulating many complicated phenomena of fluid flow is selected. This model uses Volume of Fluid Method to solve Navier-Stokes equations. The computed water surface elevation at gauges along centerline of weir and chute channel are compared with experimental ones in four working conditions. The reasonable agreement between them are observed. Besides, the detail hydraulic features in each segment is indicated such as: oblique wave on spillway chute; separated flow at curve and enlarge segment and the specific hydraulic energy dissipation in stilling basin of design is carried out. The insufficient construction of dissipated obstacles in stilling basin design is shown. Therefore, a proper design is proposed.
Coap Based Congestion Control Mechanism For Low Power Iot Networks
Authors:   Research Scholar, ECE Department, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, India., Swarna M. , GODHAVARI Dr. T. ,   Professor and Head, ECE Department in Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute (Deemed to be University), Chennai, India.
Published: August 2019

Internet of Things has billions of connected devices into internet. CoAP is a Constrained Protocol used in application layer of IoT Protocol Stack. CoAP is running on top of User Datagram Protocol (UDP), which means that, there is no possibility of congestion control in it, so CoAP is responsible for Congestion control mechanism. UDP has no knowledge on congestion control. IoT has significant resource constraint, due to this there are lots of design challenges in IoT network. This paper proposes a simple change in the CoAP protocol named CoCoA (CoAP Simple Congestion Control / Advance). CoCoA introduces novel Round Trip Time (RTT), VBF (Variable Back off Factor) and aging mechanism to calculate the dynamic and controlled Retransmission Time Out (RTO) for IoT Networks. This paper compared with the existing all the congestion control mechanism and the implementation result shows that the proposed mechanism is better than the existing mechanism in terms of throughput, power consumption, memory foot print and fairness index.
Advanced Vehicle Management with Cyber-Physical System and Vehicular Cloud Computing
Authors:   Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore (TamilNadu), India., George G. Mervin , Dhanalakshmi B. ,   Sri Krishna College of Technology, Coimbatore(TamilNadu), India., Nivetha N.R.P. ,   Sri Krishna College of Technology, Coimbatore(TamilNadu), India, Sundarrajan M. ,   Periyar Maniammai Institute of Science and Technology, Thanjavur (TamilNadu), India., Akshya J. ,   Aksun Research Terminal, Thanjavur (TamilNadu), India.
Published: August 2019

Vehicular cloud computing is a perpetual developing paradigm where the automobiles communicate with each other by retrieving the data, processing it, and sharing it among them even in remote locations through the cloud computing network. This is a developing research platform with innumerable applications both direct and indirect. In other words, it’s the way in which not indifferent automobile vehicles interact with one other. There are a lot of applications for vehicular cloud computing in the automobile industry in assisting with people’s day-to-day life it includes both direct and indirect applications. This platform has proved its way to aid in multiple fields with innovation and update. Cyber-physical vehicle systems are a fraction of vehicular cloud computing network with budding applications. These computer-based algorithms will eventfully aggregate with the automobiles and facilitate them to correlate and communicate with one other. The existing schemes include vehicular cloud computing in conjunction with Ad Hoc Networks where it has improved its efficiency and faced many technical challenges. There also was the implication of sensor technology where sensor incorporated automobiles interact with the network to assist automation. The proposed system involves controlling vehicles efficiently using VCC in cyber-physical systems. It is an advanced vehicle management system with individual connected and an automated vehicle that communicates with one another via cloud computing. The simulated results showed much higher efficiency, management accuracy, communication speed, and information sharing levels between the vehicles.
Road Detection & Extraction for Autonomous vehicles Using Satellite Images
Authors:   ME E&TC (Signal Processing) Department of Signal Processing, JSPM’s Imperial College of Engineering & Research (ICOER) College, SPPU, Pune, India., Uttam Shelke Poonam , Arora Dr. Parul S. ,   PhD, E&TC, Department of , Professor, JSPM’s ICOER College, SPPU, Pune, India., Jadhav Prof. D.A. ,   PhD (Pur.), Assistant Professor, Department of E&TC, JSPM’s ICOER College, SPPU, Pune, India.
Published: August 2019

Good roads play important role in positive growth of our civilization. They revolutionize and increase the life style of us and directly affect all our activities. Having record of up-to-date roads helps in taking quick decisions and pre-planning for various occasions like road trip or life critical situations like disasters. . It also helps in making maps for city planning and keeping track of expansion of city. Here, we have adopted morphological operations based techniques. All the images are resized to have same dimensions as they are from different sources. Comparison with ground truth images (manually extracted) is done to examine the performance of the algorithm. As this method is solely based on intensity of road pixels, the effect of different road structures and lane markings is absent. The algorithm has achieved 89% F1-score and 94% accuracy. Further improvement is required in algorithm to detect roads where the intensity of non-road parts (urban area, mowed agricultural land and other similar intensity structures) is similar to road pixels.
Dynamic Key Switching Integrated Scenarios for Performance Aware Implementations in Cloud and Integrated Internet of Things
Authors:   is a research scholar, presently pursuing his Ph.D. Computer Science & Engineering from Shri JJT University, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan, India., Aggarwal Mr. Kapil , Yadav Dr. S. K. ,   presently working as Director Research in Shri JJT University, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan, India. He is also Hon. Secretary of Computer Society of India.
Published: August 2019

With the adoption and wide usage of smart gadgets and devices for multiple applications, the association of advanced technologies is quite prominence and needs higher degree of accuracy and performance. These are legitimately connected with the advanced innovations including Internet of Things, Internet of Everything, Internet of Vehicles, Internet of Cloud Apps and numerous others. This original copy is therefore displaying the enormous issues and research focuses in this area with the associated streams so the different elements of IoT, IoE, IoX, IoV and others can be broke down with the examination openings and the portions for various streams. In the present situation, the IoT based coordination of digital forms of money is very unmistakable whereby the distributed system is pursued and it goes under the innovation of blockchain. The blockchain innovation is likewise connected with the shrewd advances. In the present period, Blockchain Technology is one of the key territories of research just as execution explicitly in the space of cryptocurrency. Presently days, various computerized cryptographic forms of money are very conspicuous and shared all through the world in spite of tremendous analysis and discussions. Other than these purposes of research, the vehicular mix of IoT is very conspicuous that is tended to utilizing IoV that is Internet of Vehicles in the keen traffic observing and brilliant transportation. Presently days, the IoT is moving towards IoE or IoX which alludes to Internet of Everything and this is additionally tended to in this composition. The manuscript is presenting the scenarios for the implementation patterns associated with the security and dynamic key based environment.
Tantangan Bagi Penyandang Disabilitas Penglihatan dalam Mengakses Pekerjaan
Authors: Rohman Yani Fathur
Published: August 2019

Studies of disability including people with visual impairments has shifted towards the interaction of individuals with obstacles in the environment. This systematic review of the literatures aims to increase understanding of social exclusion as a multidimensional aspect. Based on the substantive mapping, various collected literature can be grouped into cultural exclusion and structural exclusion includes; 1)stigma as a paradox explores the impact of stigma for people with visual impairment related to work; 2) career mobility, job satisfaction, and social exclusion discuss the lack of job satisfaction and career promotion for people with visual impairments; 3) the limitation of work accommodations explain about physical environment constraints; and 4) education and skill as a structural problem discususs about the relationship between individual and minimal services from state. This study found that social exclusion at the structural level is the impact of the existence of social exclusion at the cultural level, which is then perpetuated by structure through various policies both government and workplaces.
Memoirs of a Giant Planet
Authors: Wu Yanqin , Lithwick Yoram
Published: August 2019

Saturn is ringing weakly. Exquisite data from the Cassini mission reveal the presence of f-mode oscillations as they excite density waves in Saturn’s rings. These oscillations have displacement amplitudes of order 1 m on Saturn’s surface. We propose that they result from large impacts in the past. Experiencing little dissipation inside Saturn on account of its weak luminosity, f-modes may live virtually forever, but the very ring waves that reveal their existence also remove energy from them, in 104 to 107 yr for the observed f-modes (spherical degree 2–10). We find that the largest impacts that arrive during these times excite the modes to their current levels, with the exception of the few lowest-degree modes. To explain the latter, either a fortuitously large impact in the recent past or a new source of stochastic excitation is needed. We extend this scenario to Jupiter, which has no substantial rings. With an exceedingly long memory of past bombardments, Jovian f-modes and p-modes can acquire much higher amplitudes, possibly explaining past reports of radial velocity detections, and are potentially detectable by the Juno spacecraft.
Toward Rate Estimation for Transient Surveys. I. Assessing Transient Detectability and Volume Sensitivity for iPTF
Authors: Chatterjee Deep , Nugent Peter E. , Brady Patrick R. , Cannella Chris , Kaplan David L. , Kasliwal Mansi M.
Published: August 2019

The past couple of decades have seen an emergence of transient detection facilities in various avenues of time-domain astronomy that have provided us with a rich data set of transients. The rates of these transients have implications in star formation, progenitor models, evolution channels, and cosmology measurements. The crucial component of any rate calculation is the detectability and spacetime volume sensitivity of a survey to a particular transient type as a function of many intrinsic and extrinsic parameters. Fully sampling that multidimensional parameter space is challenging. Instead, we present a scheme to assess the detectability of transients using supervised machine learning. The data product is a classifier that determines the detection likelihood of sources resulting from an image subtraction pipeline associated with time-domain survey telescopes, taking into consideration the intrinsic properties of the transients and the observing conditions. We apply our method to assess the spacetime volume sensitivity of type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) in the intermediate Palomar Transient Factory (iPTF) and obtain the result,

. With rate estimates in the literature, this volume sensitivity gives a count of 680–1160 SNe Ia detectable by iPTF, which is consistent with the archival data. With a view toward wider applicability of this technique we do a preliminary computation for long-duration type IIp supernovae (SNe IIp) and find

. This classifier can be used for computationally fast spacetime volume sensitivity calculation of any generic transient type using their light-curve properties. Hence, it can be used as a tool to facilitate calculation of transient rates in a range of time-domain surveys, given suitable training sets.
Probing the Gas Content of Late-stage Protoplanetary Disks with N2H+
Authors: Anderson Dana E. , Blake Geoffrey A. , Bergin Edwin A. , Zhang Ke , Carpenter John M. , Schwarz Kamber R. , Huang Jane , Öberg Karin I.
Published: August 2019

The lifetime of gas in circumstellar disks is a fundamental quantity that informs our understanding of planet formation. Studying disk gas evolution requires measurements of disk masses around stars of various ages. Because H2 gas is unobservable under most disk conditions, total disk masses are based on indirect tracers such as sub-mm dust and CO emission. The uncertainty in the relation between these tracers and the disk mass increases as the disk evolves. In a few well-studied disks, CO exhibits depletions of up to 100× below the assumed interstellar value. Thus, additional tracers are required to accurately determine the total gas mass. The relative lack of nitrogen found in solid solar system bodies may indicate that it persists in volatile form, making nitrogen-bearing species more robust tracers of gas in more evolved disks. Here we present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array detections of N2H+ in two mature, ∼5–11 Myr old disks in the Upper Scorpius OB Association. Such detections imply the presence of H2-rich gas and sources of ionization, both required for N2H+ formation. The Upper Sco disks also show elevated N2H+/CO flux ratios when compared to previously observed disks with ≳10× higher CO fluxes. Based on line ratio predictions from a grid of thermochemical disk models, a significantly reduced CO/H2 abundance of <10−6 for a gas-to-dust ratio of ≳100 is required to produce the observed N2H+ fluxes. These systems appear to maintain H2 gas reservoirs and indicate that carbon- and nitrogen-bearing species follow distinct physical or chemical pathways as disks evolve.
Reduced Order Estimation of the Speckle Electric Field History for Space-based Coronagraphs
Authors: Pogorelyuk Leonid , Kasdin N. Jeremy , Rowley Clarence W.
Published: August 2019

In high-contrast space-based coronagraphs, one of the main limiting factors for imaging the dimmest exoplanets is the time-varying nature of the residual starlight (speckles). Modern methods try to differentiate between the intensities of starlight and other sources, but none incorporate models of space-based systems that can take into account actuations of the deformable mirrors (DMs). Instead, we propose formulating the estimation problem in terms of the electric field while allowing for dithering of the DMs. Our reduced-order approach is similar to intensity-based PCA (e.g., KLIP) although, under certain assumptions, it requires a considerably lower number of modes of the electric field. We illustrate this by a FALCO simulation of the Wide-field Infra-red Survey Telescope hybrid Lyot coronagraph (the data and the comparison code are available at https://github.com/leonidprinceton/EFOR).
Chasing Star–Planet Magnetic Interactions: The Case of Kepler-78
Authors: Strugarek A. , Brun A. S. , Donati J.-F. , Moutou C. , Réville V.
Published: August 2019

Observational evidence of star–planet magnetic interactions (SPMIs) in compact exosystems have been looked for in the past decades. Indeed, planets in close-in orbit can be magnetically connected to their host star and can channel Alfvén waves carrying large amounts of energy toward the central star. The strength and temporal modulation of SPMIs are primarily set by the magnetic topology of the host star and the orbital characteristics of the planet. As a result, SPMI signals can be modulated over the rotational period of the star, the orbital period of the planet, or a complex combination of the two. The detection of SPMIs thus has to rely on multiple-epoch and multiple-wavelength observational campaigns. We present a new method to characterize SPMIs and apply it to Kepler-78, a late G star with a super-Earth on an 8.5 hr orbit. We model the corona of Kepler-78 using the large-scale magnetic topology of the star observed with Zeeman–Doppler imaging. We show that the closeness of Kepler-78b allows the interaction with channel energy flux densities up to a few kW m−2 toward the central star. We show that this flux is large enough to be detectable in classical activity tracers such as Hα. It is nonetheless too weak to explain the modulation observed by Moutou et al. We furthermore demonstrate how to predict the temporal modulation of SPMI signals in observed systems such as Kepler-78. The methodology presented here thus paves the way toward denser, more specific observational campaigns that would allow proper identification of SPMIs in compact star–planet systems.
New Hot Subdwarf Stars Identified in Gaia DR2 with LAMOST DR5 Spectra. II.
Authors: Lei Zhenxin , Zhao Jingkun , Németh Péter , Zhao Gang
Published: August 2019

Three hundred and eighty eight hot subdwarf stars have been identified by using the Hertzsprung–Russell (HR) diagram built from the second data release of the Gaia mission. By analyzing their observed Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fibre Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) spectra, we characterized 186 sdB, 73 He-sdOB, 65 sdOB, 45 sdO, 12 He-sdO, and 7 He-sdB stars. The atmospheric parameters of these stars (e.g., T
eff, logg, log(nHe/nH)) are obtained by fitting the hydrogen (H) and helium (He) line profiles with synthetic spectra calculated from non-local thermodynamic equilibrium model atmospheres. Among these stars, we have 135 new identified hot subdwarfs which have not been cataloged before. Although 253 stars appear in the catalog by Geier et al., only 91 of them have atmospheric parameters. Together with the 294 hot subdwarf stars found by Lei et al., we identified 682 hot subdwarf stars in total by using the Gaia HR-diagram and LAMOST spectra. These results demonstrate the efficiency of our method to combine large surveys to search for hot subdwarf stars. We found a distinct gap in our He-sdOB stars based on their He abundance, which is also presented in extreme horizontal branch (EHB) stars of the globular cluster ω Cen. The number fraction of the sample size for the two subgroups is very different between the two counterparts. However, the distinct gap between the H-sdB stars and He-sdOB stars in ω Cen is not visible in our sample. More interestingly, the He-sdB population with the highest He abundance in our sample is completely missing in ω Cen. The discrepancy between our field hot subdwarf stars and the EHB stars in ω Cen indicate different origins for the two counterparts.
Dynamical Properties of Merging Galaxy Clusters from Simulated Analogs
Authors: Wittman David
Published: August 2019

Merging galaxy clusters may provide a unique window into the behavior of dark matter and the evolution of member galaxies. To interpret these natural collider experiments, we must account for how much time has passed since pericenter passage (TSP), the maximum relative speed of the merging subclusters, merger phase (outbound after first pericenter or returning for second pericenter), and other dynamical parameters that are not directly observable. These quantities are often inferred from staged simulations or analytical timing arguments that include neither substructure, nor large-scale structure, nor a cosmologically motivated range of impact parameters. We include all these effects by extracting dynamical parameters from analog systems in a cosmological n-body simulation, and we present constraints for 11 observed systems. The TSP and viewing angles we derive are consistent with those of staged hydrodynamical simulations, but we find lower maximum speeds. Compared to the analytical MCMAC method, we find lower TSP and viewing angles that put the separation vector closer to the plane of the sky; we attribute this to the MCMAC assumption of zero pericenter distance. We discuss potential extensions to the basic analog method, as well as complementarities between methods.
Hot Hydrogen Climates Near the Inner Edge of the Habitable Zone
Authors: Koll Daniel D. B. , Cronin Timothy W.
Published: August 2019

Young terrestrial planets can capture or outgas hydrogen-rich atmospheres with tens to hundreds of bars of H2, which persist for 100 Myr or longer. Although the earliest habitable conditions on Earth and terrestrial exoplanets could thus arise while the atmosphere is still dominated by H2, the climatic effects of H2 remain poorly understood. Previous work showed that H2 induces strong greenhouse warming at the outer edge of the habitable zone. Here we use a 1D radiative–convective model to show that H2 also leads to strong warming near the inner edge of the habitable zone. Unlike H2's greenhouse warming at the outer edge, however, its effect near the inner edge is driven by thermodynamics: H2's large thermal scale height allows the atmosphere to store more water vapor than either a pure H2O atmosphere or an atmosphere with a heavy background gas, such as N2 or CO2, thereby amplifying the greenhouse effect of H2O. Using idealized gray calculations, we then present a general argument for how different background gases affect the inner edge of the habitable zone. H2 stands out for its ability to induce novel “soufflé” climates, which further support its warming effect. Our results show that if the earliest conditions on a planet near the inner edge of the habitable zone were H2-rich, they were likely also hot: 1 bar of H2 is sufficient to raise surface temperatures above 340 K, and 50 bar of H2 are sufficient to raise surface temperatures above 450 K.
Two new agaricoid species of the family Clavariaceae (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from China, representing two newly recorded genera to the country
Authors: Zhang Ming , Wang Chao-Qun , Li Tai-Hui
Published: August 2019

Two new lamellar species,Camarophyllopsis olivaceogriseaandHodophilus glaberripes, of the family Clavariaceae were discovered in the subtropical zone of China.Camarophyllopsis olivaceogriseais morphologically characterized by its hygrophanous basidiomata, greenish gray to dull green pileus, shortly decurrent lamellae, broadly elliptic basidiospores 4–5.5 × 3.5–4.5 μm in size, and cutis-like pileipellis composed of cylindrical cells.Hodophilus glaberripesis mainly characterized by its white to brownish pileus, glabrous stipe, slight yam bean smell, broadly elliptic basidiospores 5–6.5 × 4–5 μm in size, and epithelium-like pileipellis composed of inflated cells. Phylogenetic placement of the two species was determined by the combined analyses of a DNA data matrix containing ITS and LSU, and showed that collections of the two species formed two independent lineages in theCamarophyllopsisandHodophilusclades respectively. The delimitation ofC. olivaceogriseaandH. glaberripeswere evaluated using molecular, morphological, and ecological methods. This is the first report of the generaCamarophyllopsisandHodophilusin China.
Improving Construction Management Through Advanced Computing and Decision Making
Authors: Gupta Varun , Gupta Aditya Raj , Agrawal Utkarsh , Kumar Ambika , Verma Rahul
Published: August 2019

This chapter proposes an algorithm to make the bidding dynamic by not only awarding tenders on basis of cost quoted in tenders (biding cost) but also on contractor ratings. The ratings of contractors are computed using historical performance of contractor. The chapter empirically identifies the factors to rate the contractors. The historical values associated with the performance rating parameters are then combined using the “controlled values” which one assumed to standard across the industry, to yield the overall weighted rating of firms. This rating is then combined with the bidding cost, thereby making the selection of contractor dynamic. The selected contractor is paid bidding cost. The algorithm is executed a hypothetical value to illustrate the approach. A web-based tool had been proposed to automate the process of making the bidding dynamic.
Relationship Between Co-Axial Probe Feed and Inset Feed in Rectangular Microstrip Patch
Authors: Prasad Ravi Kant , Srivastava D. K. , Baudh Rishabh Kumar , Saini J. P.
Published: August 2019

In this chapter, an equation is obtained using curve fit formula that shows the relationship between the simulated co-axial probe feed distance and theoretically inset feed distance in rectangular microstrip patch antenna. The simulation process is performed using IE3D simulation software tool and theoretical calculation performed by the cavity model. Using this equation, one can avoid hit and trial for getting simulated co-axial feed distance by knowing theoretically inset feed distance. A ratio also has been developed between co-axial probe feed and inset probe feed.
Massive Open Online Courses in China
Authors: Li Xiaobin
Published: August 2019

The purpose of this chapter is to provide an overview of the literature on massive open online course (MOOC) development in China, its accompanying practices, challenges, and opportunities. The chapter also offers recommendations derived from the literature on how to make MOOCs benefit more Chinese. To conduct this study, the author reviewed Chinese literature on MOOCs since 2012, when the first five articles on MOOCs appeared in Chinese journals, which introduced concepts and practices of Western MOOCs into China. The author also reviewed well-known English journals on online education and e-learning since 2013, when the first Chinese MOOCs appeared.
Localizing Socioscientific Issues and Globalizing Citizen Science Through Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning
Authors: Namdar Bahadir
Published: August 2019

Science education has given an increasing amount of attention to incorporating real-life issues into science curricula and engaging students in practices similar to those of scientists, most recently via the fields of socioscientific issues (SSI) and citizen science (CS). Frequently, socioscientific issues focus on globalized problems, while citizen science focuses on localized issues. For meaningful engagement with these two approaches, this chapter advocates for incorporating computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL). The chapter introduces and defines SSI, CS, and CSCL. Then, it discusses the major affordances of CSCL to bridge SSI and CS. The author presents three key areas in which CS, the study of SSI, and CSCL environments can work together to cohesively advance both joint and individual purposes. The chapter concludes with a seven-step instructional sequence arguing for localizing SSI and globalizing CS via local and large-scale collaboration.
The Influence of Mobile Health Adoption on Medication Adherence on Population Health
Authors: Folami Florence Funmilola
Published: August 2019

The fields of population health include health outcomes, patterns of health determinants, and policies interventions. Health is a national and international priority and implementation of mHealth can add a new level of solution to current challenges facing healthcare. The goal of this study is to explore the influence of mobile health adoption on medication adherence. A two-month intervention to monitor patients with poorly controlled diabetes was developed by the researcher diabetic patients that attend two private hospitals in western part of Nigeria. The researcher invented a smart pill container that automatically uploaded its data to the cloud. The pillbox helped patients organize their medications while providing patient-facing reminders and provider-centered feedback on medication adherence patterns. Average medication adherence was consistently above 80%, and even briefly hit 90% during one week of the study. The intervention showed an improvement in the medication adherence among the participants.
Using ICT to Establish and Facilitate Global Connections in K-12 Education
Authors: Copper Jenna Marie
Published: August 2019

This chapter was written to highlight the value for cross-cultural communication practices in schools with the support of innovative information and communication technology (ICT). A detailed theoretical foundation was provided to justify the inclusion of global perspectives in the classroom through cross-cultural communication, which is made possible with ICT. This chapter details the perceptions of 139 educators via a survey study, which shaped the author's suggestions for practical ICT cross-cultural communication opportunities in the classroom. Implementation strategies include classroom-to-classroom and classroom-to-world cross-cultural communication opportunities. This chapter suggests practical solutions supported by solid theoretical justifications for utilizing ICT to facilitate cross-cultural communication and improving student global awareness.
International Quality Standards Application to Administrative Processes of Higher Education
Authors: Ozbek Omer F.
Published: August 2019

Beyond accreditation of academic programs, higher education institutions (HEIs) around the world are interested in applying international quality-management standards to improve student satisfaction, increase effectiveness and efficiency, and gain competitive advantage. Many universities have benefited from the application of international quality-management standards, particularly ISO 9001, in their processes. Since ISO offers generic standards for organization of any size, this chapter explains how these standards can be applied to administrative processes of HEIs. The definition and indicators of quality in higher education is examined from a global perspective, and a detailed analysis of ISO 9001-2015 standard is provided with examples and explanations for each clause of the standard. The chapter includes evidence for the benefits of adopting ISO standards, comparison with other international standards, and a list of additional readings to provide an evidence-based, up-to-date handbook of quality management for administrative units of HEIs.
Lean Model of Quality Management in Higher Education
Authors: Deshpande Mukund
Published: August 2019

With the advent of management, technological, and quality-related developments in the 20th century, corporate firms in the manufacturing sector gradually shifted their focus toward lean philosophy to eliminate wasteful steps in business process, and create quality in their products and services. This move spurred demand for candidates with skills in implementing lean models. Universities and colleges had rarely introduced such skills in their programs due to diverse challenges and thus corporate firms faced deficiency of trained manpower. Researchers exposed that the colleges and universities needed to maintain good culture in making greater impact over the learners and corporate firms. Diverse challenges have been cited by researchers due to the concern of dimensional and complexity. However, lean model of quality management, known for its efficiency and ease of handling issues, is now emerging as a best practice even in higher education.
The Impact of Collaborative Consumption on Sustainable Development
Authors: İşcan Erhan
Published: August 2019

Excessive use of goods and services and industrialization progress of 20th century depleted resources and emerged the sustainable development as the main target of the policymakers, but past experiences and consequences of rapid economic growth of 20th century showed that there must be a change in the policies. Alleviating of poverty with inequalities and hunger in a degraded environment is needing sustainable cities and communities that have decent work for economic growth. In this context, perhaps, there must be a change in the economic paradigm beyond a policy change. Collaborative consumption is this new economic paradigm that has changed the understanding of the economic system. This new economic paradigm is depending on the sharing of idle resources with or without a fee that changed the importance of asset ownership. The main aim of this chapter is to present the impact of collaborative consumption on the 10 Sustainable Development Goals of the UN.
Uber's Strategy as a Competitive Business Model of Sharing Economy
Authors: Vargas-Hernández José G.
Published: August 2019

The aim of this chapter is to analyze the different strategies that take Uber to join the global market successfully, positioning itself in different countries, and to analyze how these businesses and strategies that follow become successful to the extent that Uber is doing, not just one city but many in several countries around the world. In order to accomplish this, it is necessary to reference a previous literature review on collaborative economies business model that is appropriate to identify the different theories that may be applicable. As a result, the analysis of this work shows the determining factors that have placed Uber as one of the leading companies within its area of influence and ends with some recommendations on the conflicts that the firm presents when entering a new market.
Manufactured Risks of Reward-Based Crowdfunding Platforms
Authors: Kula Selin Öner
Published: August 2019

Without an equivalent conventional form, reward-based crowdfunding (RBCF) brings in new concepts that demand deeper awareness by all stakeholders, so that they can acknowledge corresponding responsibilities. Despite famous intermediaries' nearly decadelong operations, the digestion of risks seems still incomplete, also hindering a solid evolution. This qualitative study is a step toward a more holistic understanding of success and manufactured risks of RBCF that have been left out of sight in studies so far. Lack of efficient visibility on projects' post-funding completion and limitless overfunding create potential conflicts of interest which threaten platforms' neutrality and sustainability. RBCF platforms must afford higher transparency and richer tools for managing the risks to tap their true potential. This chapter presents an overview of the major pitfalls of Kickstarter (KS) and Indiegogo (IGG) that can throw light on RBCF's general shortcomings, also offering a glimpse on two successfully funded but failed projects.
Why Rideshare?
Authors: Anaya-Sánchez Rafael , Aguilar-Illescas Rocío , Nasiff-Seiffert Milagros , Molinillo Sebastian
Published: August 2019

The growth in the use of online platforms in the sharing economy is generating great interest in the scientific community. This study seeks to discover what causes travelers to use ridesharing platforms. A theoretical model of causal relationships, evaluated with data collected in an online survey, using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) is proposed. The results show that attitude towards ridesharing is a critical antecedent of intention to use. Travelers develop positive attitudes mainly due to the economic reward of making savings in travel costs. In addition, attitude is also positively influenced, although to a lesser extent, by perceptions of security and by the moral motivation to help other people. In contrast, the influence of social motivation is not significant. Practical implications guide platform managers in the design of their commercial strategies.
A Strategic Overview and Vision of Simulation-Based Education in Healthcare in England
Authors: Price Richard , Shinn Sukie
Published: August 2019

Simulation-based education (SBE) is an important modality for training a competent and safe healthcare workforce. It is also an important component of core training and continuing professional development for healthcare workers in the National Health Service (NHS) of the United Kingdom. A comprehensive review of SBE provision, led by NHS Health Education England (HEE), discovered many areas of good practice, but also identified inequalities in the access to and delivery of simulation. A framework was developed to help improve the quality, provision, and access to SBE. Case studies are provided in this chapter showcasing the different types of simulation which contributed to the good practice, how they are used in healthcare education, and how they link to the SBE framework. The chapter sets out some of the current challenges with equitable and high-quality provision, detailing plans to further enhance the education and training of the healthcare workforce through SBE through the delivery of a framework, strategic overview, and vision to support these plans.