bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PANDANGAN MASYARAKAT TENTANG TAUKIL WALI: Studi di Desa Dempet Kabupaten Demak
Authors: Iftidah Ida
Published: August 2017

Wali (Marriage Guardian) is one of the important element in marriage. The position of marriage guardian determines whether the marriage is legitimate or not, because marriage guardian is one of the pillars of marriage that must be met. But the majority of people in the village of Dempet Demak, delegate the rights to the ward headman or local religious leaders. As a result, the deed committed by the wali nasab, regarded as the legitimate action. That is, from the dempet village community perspective, the act of doing this is not a form of violation, However as the best solution for the guardians who have no ability to perform her own daughter marriage. This happens for several reasons such as the inability to say the pronunciation of the marriages contract, lack of knowledge of the guardian so that they delegate to people who know more about the religion, even some that because of  ta'ẓim to Kiai. The Events of taukil wali in the village of Dempet normatively is permissible because that has brought benefits to our fellow human beings as of the presence of 'taukil wali' has helped facilitate the affairs of human beings and as a form of mutual help in goodness and piety. This paper describes the issues regarding 'taukil wali' of Islamic law and positive law.[Wali merupakan salah satu unsur penting dalam pernikahan. Posisi wali menentukan sah dan tidaknya pernikahan, sebab wali nikah adalah salah satu rukun nikah yang harus dipenuhi. Namun mayoritas masyarakat di Desa Dempet Kabupaten Demak, mewakilkan hak perwaliannya kepada penghulu atau tokoh agama setempat. Mereka tidak terbiasa menikahkan putrinya sendiri. Akibatnya perbuatan yang dilakukan wali nasab tersebut dianggap hal yang sah-sah saja. Artinya masyarakat Desa Dempet tidak melihat bahwa perbuatan yang dilakukannya itu sebagai sebuah bentuk pelanggaran, tetapi sebagai solusi terbaik bagi para wali yang tidak ada kemampuan untuk mencoba menikahkan anaknya sendiri. Hal ini terjadi karena beberapa alasan seperti  ketidakmampuan wali mengucapkan lafal akad nikah, kurangnya pengetahuan wali sehingga mewakilkan kepada orang yang lebih paham tentang agama, bahkan ada juga yang karena ta’ẓim kepada Kiai. Peristiwa taukil wali di Desa Dempet secara normatif hukumnya adalah boleh, sebab yang dilakukan telah memberikan manfaat terhadap sesama manusia karena dengan adanya taukil wali nikah telah membantu memudahkan urusan sesama manusia dan sebagai bentuk tolong menolong dalam hal kebaikan dan ketakwaan. Tulisan ini mendeskripsikan tentang masalah taukil wali nikah secara hukum Islam dan hukum Positif.]
Análise morfométrica e de rendimento em carne de Mytelidae capturado no estado de Sergipe
Authors: Reis Júnior Josafá José do Carmo , Freire Kátia de Meirelles Felizola , Rosa Leonardo Cruz da , Santos Ana Claudia Gaspar dos , Da Silva Lúcio Athayde , Santiago Beatriz Silva , Santos Brenda Vieira dos , Silva Icaro Santos da , Bispo Jefferson Vieira , Rocha Lyllyan Santos , Freire Matheus Cristóvão de Santana , Santos Raiza Tamajura Varjão Silva , Lima Rita de Cássia Divino , Santos Sandra Lima dos
Published: August 2017

Duas espécies de Mytella ocorrem no estado de Sergipe, M. charruana e M. bicolor, sendo ambas explotadas, porém em proporção desconhecida. Um dos primeiros passos para se avaliar corretamente a importância de cada uma das espécies na economia local é avaliar o rendimento em carne. Assim, o presente trabalho foi concebido com o objetivo de avaliar o rendimento em carne e ao mesmo tempo as relações morfométricas de ambas as espécies. Foram coletadas amostras mensais de aproximadamente 2 kg para cada espécie nos meses de abril a junho de 2014. As relações entre a largura (LC) e o comprimento (CC) da concha estimadas para M. charruana e M. bicolor foram LC = 0,3391 CC + 3,7965 e LC = 0,3934 CC + 5,1308, respectivamente. As relações entre a altura (AC) e o comprimento (CC) da concha foram AC = 0,3546 CC – 1,9146 e AC = 0,2977 CC + 1,1267, respectivamente. Finalmente, as relações entre o peso total (PT) e o comprimento da concha (CC) foram PT = 0,0004 CC2,3976 e PT = 8E-05 CC2,8437, respectivamente. Em todos os casos, foi observada uma diferença estatisticamente significante na relação para ambas as espécies, havendo no geral uma alometria negativa. O rendimento médio de carne in natura para M. charruana e M. bicolor foi de 50,3 e 33,2%, respectivamente. Dessa forma, para obter um quilo de carne (catado) seria preciso coletar aproximadamente 2 kg de indivíduos inteiros (carne e concha) de M. charruana e 3 kg de M. bicolor.
Utilização da hortelã-pimenta como agente no controle de infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde (IRAS)
Authors: Benitez Lisianne Brittes , Silva Chana de Medeiros da , Alvares Laura da Costa
Published: August 2017

O uso das plantas medicinais está amplamente difundido, entretanto sua utilização com fins terapêuticos deve atender a critérios de qualidade, segurança e eficácia. A contaminação por micro-organismos pode impedir o atendimento destes critérios. A atividade biológica de algumas plantas tem sido frequente alvo de investigação devido ao comprovado espectro de atividade inibitória que apresentam sobre diversas bactérias. As infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde (IRAS) representam um importante problema de saúde pública e medidas de controle se fazem necessárias para evitar o crescente aumento da resistência microbiana e suas implicações e riscos na vida dos usuários dos serviços de saúde. Este estudo avaliou a qualidade de amostras comerciais de Mentha piperita L. (hortelã-pimenta) através de análises de pureza da planta e de micro-organismos indicadores e patogênicos, além de testar a atividade antibacteriana de extratos da planta. Os valores médios encontrados para matérias estranhas, umidade e cinzas foram de 18,21%, 44,46% e 10,75%, respectivamente. As contagens de micro-organismos aeróbios viáveis, de bolores e leveduras e a pesquisa de Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., Staphylococcus aureus e Pseudomonas aeruginosa indicaram que a maioria das amostras (80%) não atendia aos parâmetros estabelecidos pela legislação. Os resultados de qualidade encontrados para a hortelã-pimenta são um indicativo da precariedade na comercialização de plantas medicinais no Brasil e pressupõem a urgência na implantação de programas de farmacovigilância. Os extratos com atividades antibacterianas mais expressivas foram os brutos etanólicos, inibindo aproximadamente 91% das bactérias testadas, indicando a possibilidade de uso da hortelã-pimenta no controle dos micro-organismos testados.
As diferenças microclimáticas entre as tipologias de floresta urbana e os dados registrados pela estação meteorológica oficial
Authors: Martini Angeline , Biondi Daniela , Batista Antonio Carlos
Published: August 2017

As cidades precisam ser readequadas para proporcionar melhores condições ambientais a seus habitantes, incluindo conforto térmico. A presença de vegetação nas cidades é uma importante ferramenta para criar microclimas mais agradáveis. Assim, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar as diferenças microclimáticas entre as tipologias de floresta urbana e os dados registrados pela estação meteorológica oficial de Curitiba-PR. Para isso foram selecionadas três áreas de diferentes tipologias de floresta urbana na cidade de Curitiba-PR: Remanescente Florestal, Área Verde Antiga, Área Verde Moderna, Arborização de Ruas e Árvore Isolada. A partir do método de pontos fixos foram coletados dados de temperatura e umidade relativa do ar para analisar o microclima de cada área. Os resultados indicam que a temperatura no Remanescente Florestal e Área Verde Moderna apresentaram médias inferiores às registradas pela estação oficial no verão. Nas demais tipologias a temperatura média foi maior do que na estação oficial. Observou-se também, que a diferença de temperatura entre as áreas foi mais acentuada durante a noite. Conclui-se que a determinação da diferença microclimática entre as tipologias de floresta urbana e os dados registrados pela estação oficial pode ser uma ferramenta de grande importância para o planejamento e gestão das florestas urbanas.
Pré-tratamento hidrotérmico de resíduos do milho visando à produção de etanol de segunda geração
Authors: Santos-Rocha Martha Suzana Rodrigues dos , Souza Renata Beraldo Alencar de , Silva Gislene Mota da , Cruz Antonio José Gonçalves da , Almeida Renata Maria Rosas Garcia
Published: August 2017

Esse trabalho avaliou o potencial de produção de etanol de segunda geração (E2G) a partir da palha e do sabugo de milho. Os resíduos do milho foram submetidos ao pré-tratamento hidrotérmico (PTH), hidrólise enzimática e fermentação. O PTH foi realizado em reator de aço inoxidável em duas condições: 170°C/15 min e 195°C/10 min, em agitação de 200 rpm. As frações quantificadas foram: celulose, hemicelulose, lignina, cinzas, proteína e extrativos. Após pré-tratamento hidrotérmico, a amostra de palha apresentou 70,7% de remoção de hemicelulose a 170°C/15 min e 89,7% a 195°C/10 min. A menor perda de celulose ocorreu na condição mais branda de temperatura (170°C). Em relação ao sabugo, a remoção de hemicelulose foi de 58,7% a 170°C/15 min e 67,8% a 195°C/10 min. A menor perda de celulose foi obtida na maior temperatura (195°C). As amostras pré-tratadas foram submetidas a experimentos de hidrólise enzimática e fermentação. Obteve-se 87,5% de eficiência na fermentação para a palha pré-tratada a 170°C e 15 min e 86,9% para o sabugo pré-tratado a 195°C e 10 min. Os resultados indicam que os resíduos do milho são promissores para a obtenção de etanol de segunda geração visto que cerca de 2.500,000 mil litros de etanol podem ser obtidos a partir do processamento da palha e do sabugo de milho nas regiões centro-oeste, sul e sudeste do Brasil, sem aumentar as áreas de cultivo.
Uma avaliação dos potencias LDA, GGA-PBEsol, BJ, mBJ original, mBJ P-presente e mBJ P-semicondutor em cálculos dos band gaps dos semicondutores: ZnO, GaN, TiO2 e SnO2 utilizando a teoria funcional da densidade
Authors: Sousa Osmar Machado , Melo Adolfo Henrique Nunes , Freitas Sabrina Marques
Published: August 2017

Este trabalho apresenta uma avaliação dos potenciais LDA, GGA-PBEsol, BJ, mBJ original, mBJ P-presente e mBJ P-semicondutor em cálculos dos band gaps dos semicondutores ZnO, GaN, TiO2 e SnO2 utilizando o formalismo da Teoria Funcional da Densidade (DFT). O objetivo de utilizar diferentes potenciais é avaliar qual destes descreve em acordo com o experimental tanto os valores quanto a natureza dos band gaps dos semicondutores. Nos cálculos das estruturas eletrônicas (estrutura de bandas), estes potenciais descreveram em pleno acordo com os experimentais a natureza direta →  dos band gaps destes compostos. No entanto, o potencial mBJ P-semicondutor foi o único que descreveu em concordância com o experimental os valores dos gaps. Os valores calculados dos gaps com o potencial mBJ P-semicondutores foram de 3,37 eV (ZnO), 3,48 eV (GaN), 3,06 eV (TiO2) e 3,80 eV (SnO2), os quais concordam com valores experimentais.
Flavonoids – Small Molecules, High Hopes
Authors: Sandu Mariana , Bîrsă Lucian Mihail , Bahrin Lucian Gabriel
Published: August 2017

This brief review takes a look at flavonoids, a wide class of polyphenols, which are regarded as plant secondary metabolites. Their roles in plants are diverse and little understood. They can act as growth hormone modulators, phytoalexins, they offer UV protection, contribute to pollen viability and can function as signaling molecules in establishing symbiotic relationships. Flavonoids were also found to have a range of beneficial effects for the human body. Their anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective activity, as well as their antibacterial, antiviral and antihelmintic properties make them promising candidates for the design of new drugs.
KF/Al2O3 as a Recyclable Basic Catalyst for 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reaction: Synthesis of Indolizine-1-Carbonitrile Derivatives
Authors: Abaszadeh Mehdi , Seifi Mohammad
Published: August 2017

KF/Al2O3 as a green and efficient catalyst has been used for synthesis of indolizine-1-carbonitrile derivatives. It can be proceeded by using 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of 1-alkyl-2-chloropyridinium bromides, malononitrile and benzaldehyde in ethanol, at reflux. The great advantage of this catalyst is the ease of handling. KF/Al2O3 can be used and removed by filtration, avoiding cumbersome aqueous workups and decreasing solvent waste handling issues. High conversions, short reaction times and a cleaner reaction profiles are some of the outstanding advantages of this method.
Microstructure and Properties of a Repair Weld in a Nickel Based Superalloy Gas Turbine Component
Authors: Rakoczy Ł. , Grudzień M. , Tuz L. , Pańcikiewicz K. , Zielińska-Lipiec A.
Published: August 2017

The aim of the present study was to characterize the repair weld of serviced (aged) solid-solution Ni-Cr-Fe-Mo alloy: Hastelloy X. The repair welding of a gas turbine part was carried out using Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW), the same process as for new parts. Light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, microhardness measurements were the techniques used to determine the post repair condition of the alloy. Compared to the solution state, an increased amount of M6C carbide was detected, but M23C6 carbides, sigma and mu phases were not. The aged condition corresponds to higher hardness, but without brittle regions that could initiate cracking.
Genomic prediction by considering genotype × environment interaction using different genomic architectures
Authors: Bohlouli Mehdi , Alijani Sadegh , Javaremi Ardashir Nejati , König Sven , Yin Tong
Published: August 2017

In this study, accuracies of genomic prediction across various scenarios were compared using single- trait and multiple-trait animal models to detect genotype × environment (G × E) interaction based on REML method. The simulated high and low linkage disequilibrium (HLD and LLD) genome consisted of 15,000 and 50,000 SNP chip applications with 300 and 600 QTLs controlling the trait of interest. The simulation was done to create the genetic correlations between the traits in 4 environments and heritabilities of the traits were 0.20, 0.25, 0.30 and 0.35 in environments 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. Two strategies were used to predict the accuracy of genomic selection for cows without phenotypes. In the first strategy, phenotypes for cows in three environments were kept as a training set and breeding values for all animals were estimated using three-trait model. In the second one, only 25, 50 or 75% of records in the fourth environment and all the records in the other three environments were used to predict GBV for non-phenotyped cows in the environment 4. For the first strategy, the highest accuracy of 0.695 was realized in scenario HLD with 600 QTL and 50K SNP chip for the fourth environment and the lowest accuracy of 0.495 was obtained in scenario LLD with 600QTL and 15K SNP chips for the first environment. Generally, the accuracy of prediction increased significantly (P<0.05) with increasing the number of markers, heritability and the genetic correlation between the traits, but no significant difference was observed between scenarios with 300 and 600 QTL. In comparison with models without G × E interaction, accuracies of the GBV for all environments increased when using multi-trait models. The results showed that the level of LD, number of animals in training set and genetic correlation across environments play important roles if G × E interaction exists. In conclusion, G × E interaction contributes to understanding variations of quantitative trait and increasing accuracy of genomic prediction. Therefore, the interaction should be taken into account in conducting selection in various environments or across different genotypes.
System effects of primary energy reduction connected with operation of the CHP plants
Authors: Ziębik Andrzej , Gładysz Paweł
Published: August 2017

The paper is devoted to explication of one of the advantages of heat and electricity cogeneration, rarely considered in technical literature. Usually attention is paid to the fact that heat losses of the heat distribution network are less severe in the case of cogeneration of heat in comparison with its separate production. But this conclusion is also true in other cases when the internal consumption of heat is significant. In this paper it has been proved in the case of two examples concerning trigeneration technology with an absorption chiller cooperating with a combined heat and power (CHP) plant and CHP plant integrated with amine post-combustion CO2processing unit. In both considered cases it might be said that thanks to cogeneration we have to do with less severe consequences of significant demand of heat for internal purposes.
On partial sorting in restricted rounds
Authors: Iványi Antal , Fogarasi Norbert
Published: August 2017

Let n and k be integers such that n ≥ 2 and 1 ≤ k ≤n. In this paper, we consider the problem of finding an ordered list of the k best players out of n participants by organizing a tournament of rounds of pairwise matches (comparisons). Assuming that (i) in each match there is a winner (no ties) (ii) the relative strength of the players is constant throughout the tournament and (iii) the players’ strengths are transitive, the problem is equivalent to partially sorting n different, comparable objects, allowing parallelization in rounds. The rounds are restricted as one player can only play one match in each round. We propose concrete pairing algorithms and make conjectures about their performance in terms of the worst case number of rounds and matches required. The research article was started by professor Antal Iványi who sadly passed away during the work and was completed in his honor by the co-author. He hopes, in this modest way, to reflect his deep admiration for professor Iványi’s many contributions to the theory, practice and appreciation of algorithm design and analysis.
Parallel ktjet clustering algorithm
Authors: Forster Richárd , Fűlőp Ágnes
Published: August 2017

The numerical simulation allows to study the high energy particle physics. It plays important of role in the reconstruction and analyze of these experimental and theoretical researches. This requires a computer background with a large capacity. Jet physics is an intensively researched area, where the factorization process can be solved by algorithmic solutions. We studied parallelization of the ktcluster algorithms. This method allows to know the development of particles due to the collision of highenergy nucleus-nucleus. The Alice offline library contains the required modules to simulate the ALICE detector that is a dedicated Pb-Pb detector. Using this simulation we can generate input particles, that we can further analyzed by clustering them, reconstructing their jet structure. The FastJet toolkit is an efficient C++ implementation of the most widely used jet clustering algorithms, among them the ktclustering. Parallelizing the standard non-optimized version of this algorithm utilizing the available CPU architecture a 1:6 times faster runtime was achieved, paving the way to drastic performance increase using many-core architectures.
A unified approach of program verification
Authors: Gregorics Tibor , Borsi Zsolt
Published: August 2017

The subject of this paper is a program verification method that takes into account abortion caused by partial functions in program statements. In particular, boolean expressions of various statements will be investigated that are not well-defined. For example, a loop aborts if its execution begins in a state for which the loop condition is undefined. This work considers the program constructs of nondeterministic sequential programs and also deals with the synchronization statement of parallel programs introduced by Owicki and Gries [7]. The syntax of program constructs will be reviewed and their semantics will be formally defined in such a way that they suit the relational model of programming developed at Eőtvős Loránd University [3, 4]. This relational model defines the program as a set of its possible executions and also provides definition for other important programming notions like problem and solution. The proof rules of total correctness [2, 5, 8, 9, 7] will be extended by treating abortion caused by partial functions. The use of these rules will be demonstrated by means of a verification case study.
Analysis of Sci-Hub downloads of computer science papers
Authors: Andročec Darko
Published: August 2017

The scientific knowledge is disseminated by research papers. Most of the research literature is copyrighted by publishers and avail- able only through paywalls. Recently, some websites offer most of the recent content for free. One of them is the controversial website Sci-Hub that enables access to more than 47 million pirated research papers. In April 2016, Science Magazine published an article on Sci-Hub activity over the period of six months and publicly released the Sci-Hub’s server log data. The mentioned paper aggregates the view that relies on all downloads and for all fields of study, but these findings might be hiding interesting patterns within computer science. The mentioned Sci-Hub log data was used in this paper to analyse downloads of computer science papers based on DBLP’s list of computer science publications. The top downloads of computer science papers were analysed, together with the geographical location of Sci-Hub users, the most downloaded publishers, types of papers downloaded, and downloads of computer science papers per publication year. The results of this research can be used to improve legal access to the most relevant scientific repositories or journals for the computer science field.
Prevalence and Causes of Proteinuria in Kidney Transplant Recipients: Data from a Single Center
Authors: Ersan Sibel , Ertilav Senem , Celik Ali , Sifil Aykut , Cavdar Caner , Unlu Mehtat , Sarioglu Sulen , Gulay Huseyin , Camsari Taner
Published: August 2017

Introduction. Proteinuria after renal transplantation increases the risk of graft failure and mortality. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and causes of proteinuria in kidney transplant recipients. Methods. All kidney transplant recipients followed up in our clinic were included in the study. As a center protocol 24-hour urine collections were used to quantify protein excretion with 3-month intervals posttransplantation during the first year, and yearly thereafter. The etiology of chronic kidney disease and demographic characteristics of the study group were obtained from outpatient records. Data regarding the immunosuppressive regimens used, 24-hour proteinuria levels and creatinine clearences, new-onset hypertension, new-onset diabetes mellitus, rejection episodes, infections like cytomegalovirus (CMV) and polyoma (BK), and biopsy findings were noted. Results. A total of 260 kidney transplant recipients (97 females, mean age 42.3±12.3 years) were evaluated. Median follow-up period was 36 months; 137 of all transplantations were from living donors. Mean age of donors was 42.7±15 years and 133 were female. Proteinuria with protein excretion ≥300 mg/d was present in 35.4% of patients. The most common cause of biopsy-proven proteinuria was transplant-specific conditions (acute rejection, and borderline changes). Conclusion. The prevalence of proteinuria was 35.4%. The transplant-specific diagnoses were the most likely causes. Even in nonnephrotic ranges it was associated with decreased graft survival.
Factors that Influence Graft Function at 1-Year Posttransplantation and Correlation with Baseline Donated Kidney Function Measured with Radioisotopes
Authors: Bushljetik Irena Rambabova , Spasovska Jelka Masin , Selim Gjulsen , Taneva Olivera Stojceva , Stankov Oliver , Stavridis Sotir , Saidi Skender , Penev Mihail , Dohcev Saso , Balkanov Trajan , Spasovski Goce
Published: August 2017

Introduction. Assessment of renal function is a crucial component of donor evaluation. The higher measured donor GFR is independently associated with a better allograft outcomes in living donor kidney transplantation (LDKT). Monitoring graft function and estimation of GFR is a recommended method for patients’ follow-up in posttransplantation period. The aim of our study was to investigate the correlation of directly measured GFR of donated kidney with estimated GFR through creatininebased formulas and to detect impact factors on the graft function at 12 months posttransplantation. Methods. Fifty LDKT patients (related and nonrelated donors) with stable renal function in a period of 12 months after transplantation were included in our study. The mean recipient age was 30.7±9.6 years, and donor age 55.45±9.41 years. The mean directly measured donated kidney GFR was 47.61±5.72 ml/min. Graft function was estimated at 3, 6 and 12 months by 3 formulas: Cockcroft- Gault (C-G), MDRD 6 variables and Nankivell. Direct correlation of estimated with measured radiolabeled 99mTc DTPA GFR was performed. Various impact factors such as donor age, dialysis vintage and different calcineurin inhibitors as a part of immunosupression were evaluated. Results. Estimated GFR at 12 months with MDRD, Cockroft Gault, and Nankivell formulas was 72.65±22.6, 94.25±36.42, and 81.78±17.89 ml/min, respectively. The highest estimated GFR was obtained with C-G formula at all three time points. The estimated allograft GFR did not correlate with directly measured GFR of donated kidney. Donor age well correlated with the graft function at 12 months. Allografts from standard criteria donors-SCD (<60 years) had better function than allografts form expanded criteria donors-ECD (>60 years). The highest GFR was estimated with C-G equation (106.08±39.26 ml/min), while GFR estimated with Nankivell was 86.86±15.30 ml/min, and with MDRD 79.67±20.28 ml/min, presenting patients in stage 2 of chronic kidney disease. Duration of hemodialysis treatment under 24 months showed better graft function estimated by C-G at 12 months (102.23±38.86 ml/min), compared to that above 24 months of HD (77.84±18.11 ml/ min). Different type of calcineurin inhibitors did not influence on the graft function at any time point. Conclusion. Creatinine-based formulas for estimation of the graft function did not correlate with directly measured function of the donated kidney with radiolabeled isotopes, nor between each other. Hence, the monitoring of the graft function should be done by a single formula in the posttransplantation period. Expectedly, a better graft function was observed in young donors (standard criteria) and in patients with shorter hemodialysis treatment.
A Rare Outcome Induced by Metformin Intoxication: Severe Lactic Acidosis and Hepatotoxicity
Authors: Elyigit Faruk , Akar Harun , Soyaltın Utku Erdem , Ekinci Ferhat
Published: August 2017

Metformin is a widely used oral anti-diabetic agent that decreases insulin resistance. Lactic acidosis rarely develops with this medication. Metformin-induced hepatotoxicity has been rarely reported in the literature. We describe a patient, who presented with lactic acidosis and hepatotoxicity after ingestion of 40 pills of metformin in order to commit suicide. The most important treatment step in patients with metformin-associated lactic acidosis (MALA) is high-volume hemodialysis and hemofiltration.
Indicators of post-productivism in South Africa’s “platteland”: A second home case study of Rosendal, Eastern Free State
Authors: Hay Anette , Hay Johnnie
Published: August 2017

The idea of post-productivism has been found to apply extensively in developed countries, but has been studied less in developing countries. A recent study in South Africa on second homes demonstrated that some rural spaces are slowly evolving into post-productivist countrysides, especially during weekends, month-ends and peak holiday periods. Wilson and Rigg’s six indicators were utilised to assess the rural town of Rosendal in the Eastern Free State of South Africa, the adjacent black township of Mautse and the surrounding farming area, to determine whether the notion of post-productivism can be exported from the developed North to a developing world context. Some of the indicators have been found to be highly relevant in this case study, but others have been found to be nearly irrelevant. Also important to note is that the meaning of these indicators may be different when applied to the developing South.
Creative economies in Romania – spatial projections and trends
Authors: Pintilii Radu-Daniel , Peptenatu Daniel , Ciobotaru Ana-Maria , Toma Sorin George , Grigore Ana Maria , Drăghici Cristian-Constantin , Dobrea Răzvan-Cătălin , Simion Adrian Gabriel , Andronache Ion , Teodorescu Camelia , Diaconu Daniel Constantin
Published: August 2017

Creative economies are at the heart of the knowledge-based economy. The main objectives of the study are to present the spatial design of the regional systems of creativity in Romania and to identify the evolutionary trends, by creating spatial models for key economic indicators, specific to such economic activities. This paper focuses on how creative economies are concentrated in the national network of settlements and how they differentiate in terms of regional profile. Consequently, a yearly nationwide database was created for 2000-2012, which includes four-digit creative economic activities, according to the Classification of National Economy Activities, for each administrative unit in Romania. The analyses, conducted for the same period, show a concentration of creative economies as a national polycentric network which includes the capital city and cities with over 300,000 inhabitants, as well as their structured territorial systems emerging around them, representing the local and regional polycentric networks. The analysis of the economic profiles highlights the growing share of creative economies in the national economy that tends to contribute more and more to the increase of the operational complexity of the local and regional economies.
Numerical Studies on the Laminar Thermal-Hydraulic Efficiency of Water-Based Al2O3 Nanofluid in Circular and Non-Circular Ducts
Authors: Tiong Angnes Ngieng Tze , Kumar Perumal , Saptoro Agus
Published: August 2017

This research presents the numerical results of laminar forced convective heat transfer performance and the flow behaviour for Al2O3-water nanofluid in circular, 2:1 rectangular, 4:1 rectangular and square ducts. The nanoparticles concentration studied were 0.01%, 0.09%, 0.13%, 0.25%, 0.51%, 1.00% and 4.00%. Single phase constant and temperature-dependent properties were employed. For the case of constant properties, the thermal performance and pressure drop increase with the increase of nanofluid concentration and Reynolds number. For the temperature-dependent properties, the Nusselt number and pressure drop also increase when the Reynolds number increases. However, there is a slight decrement in the Nusselt number and no significant pressure drop increment when the nanofluid concentration is increased from 0.01% to 1.00%. When the concentration is further increased to 4.00%, the Nusselt number and pressure drop increase. For the temperature-dependent model, lower thermal performance and pressure drop are identified when compared to those of the constant properties. The maximum Nusselt number enhancement and pressure drop increment occur at the concentration of 4.00% and Reynolds number of 2000. They are 25.43% and 945.69% as well as 4.86% and 117.01% for constant and temperature-dependent properties, respectively. The thermal-hydraulic efficiency of nanofluid is found to be not as good as the pure water.
Financialization and Income Inequality in Selected European Countries, 2004–2013
Authors: Golebiowski Grzegorz , Szczepankowski Piotr , Wisniewska Dorota
Published: August 2017

The article examines the impact of financialization on income inequality between 2004 and 2013, through a panel analysis of seven European countries. Moreover, it attempts to examine differences in the perception of the phenomenon between the selected European countries belonging to the G-7 and countries from Central and Eastern Europe. The results demonstrate the existence of individual effects, which means that the level of inequality under examination is influenced predominantly by country-specific factors. The most significant correlation is noticeable between the level of unemployment and the degree of income inequality. An increase in unemployment is accompanied by a rise in the disproportions in the level of income that individual citizens have at their disposal whereas a decrease in the unemployment level contributes to an improvement of the GINI coefficient. Simultaneously, the results confirm the existence of significant correlations between the level of the GINI coefficient and such financialization indicators as the share of employment in finance in total employment and the contribution of the financial sector to total value added creation. The most prominent dependency was discovered when a constructed synthetic indicator was adopted as an indicator of financialization. At the same time, analysis of the synthetic country financialization indicator points to a conclusion that the level of financialization is higher in European countries belonging to the G-7 (especially Great Britain) than in countries from Central and Eastern Europe.
Assessing the Financial Distress Risk of Companies Operating Under Conditions of a Negative Cash Conversion Cycle
Authors: Szpulak Aleksandra
Published: August 2017

The purpose of the paper is to point out the accounting-based variables and relationships between them which enable us to measure financial liquidity in a way appropriate for assessing the financial distress risk of companies operating under conditions of a negative Cash Conversion Cycle (CCC). Contrary to the mainstream literature on bankruptcy predictions, mainly based on data modelling nested in statistics, in this article the approach is taken on modelling the bankruptcy process relevant for companies operating under conditions of negative CCC. The applied research methodology adopts Monte Carlo simulations based on a spreadsheet financial model of company operations built to simulate operating cash inflows and outflows generated by companies operating under negative CCC (following a methodology of a spreadsheet approach to financial modeling and risk analysis given by Charnes (2007)). To define financial liquidity measures the concept of Net Liquid Balance (Shulman & Cox, 1985) and cash investment in Operating Working Capital (Szpulak, 2014) is applied. The results enable us to overcome the insufficiency of existing financial liquidity indicators for assessing the financial distress of companies operating under conditions of negative CCC. The additions to theory and practice consist of theoretical underpinnings of a financial distress mechanism possible for companies operating under conditions of negative CCC and definition of financial liquidity measures relevant for these companies.
Selected Effects of Financing Agriculture from a Regional Perspective
Authors: Kołoszko-Chomentowska Zofia , Wojsznis Barbara
Published: August 2017

This paper contains an assessment of changes in the financial and property situation of agricultural holdings in different regions of Poland. In the years 2006-2013, growth of the level of income from a family-owned farm was registered in all regions, but capabilities of reproducing fixed assets and development capabilities varied. Favourable changes in the availability of fixed assets in farms were observed. Regional differences became apparent in the efficiency with which these assets were used. The greatest growth of the value of fixed assets per 1 ha of farmland was registered in the Pomorze and Mazury region. Farms in the Małopolska and Pogórze region were in the most difficult situation, characterized by a permanent inability to reproduce fixed assets and develop.
Some applications of degenerate poly-Bernoulli numbers and polynomials
Authors: Kim Dae San , Kim Taekyun
Published: August 2017

In this paper, we consider degenerate poly-Bernoulli numbers and polynomials associated with a polylogarithmic function and a p-adic invariant integral on

ℤ
p

{\mathbb{Z}_{p}}

. By using umbral calculus, we derive some identities of those numbers and polynomials.
Baseline Mechanical and Neuromuscular Profile of Knee Extensor and Flexor Muscles in Professional Soccer Players at the Start of the Pre-Season
Authors: García-García Oscar , Serrano-Gómez Virginia , Hernández-Mendo Antonio , Morales-Sánchez Verónica
Published: August 2017

The aim of the study was to determine the mechanical and neuromuscular profile of knee extensor and flexor muscles in professional soccer players at the start of the pre-season, and to calculate percentages for symmetry, as well as examine differences according to the player’s positional role. The vastus medialis (VM), vastus lateralis (VL), rectus femoris (RF) and biceps femoris (BF) of 16 professional soccer players were evaluated by means of tensiomyography (TMG) on the first day of the pre-season. A paired-samples t test (p < .05) was used to compare the dominant and non-dominant lower limb. One-way ANOVA was applied, with the positional role as an independent factor. No differences were observed between the dominant and non-dominant leg. The highest degree of symmetry corresponded to the VM (92.5 ± 2.7%), and the lowest to the BF (80.7 ± 10.9%). The positional role was associated with significant differences in some of the variables for the BF, RF and VM, although only the half-relaxation time in the BF and the time to sustain force in the VM differed across all the playing positions considered. TMG was shown to be a useful way of evaluating the neuromuscular characteristics of soccer players at the start of the pre-season, and of establishing baseline values for individual players.
Determinant Factors of the Squat Jump in Sprinting and Jumping Athletes
Authors: González-Badillo Juan José , Jiménez-Reyes Pedro , Ramírez-Lechuga Jorge
Published: August 2017

The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between strength variables and maximum velocity (Vmax) in the squat jump (SJ) in sprinting and jumping athletes. Thirty-two sprinting and jumping athletes of national level (25.4 ± 4.5 years; 79.4 ± 6.9 kg and 180.4 ± 6.0 cm) participated in the study. Vmax in the SJ showed significant relationships with peak force 1 (PF1) (r = 0.82, p ≤ 0.001), peak force 2 (PF2) (r = 0.68, p ≤ 0.001), PF2 by controlling for PF1 (r = 0.30, non-significant), the maximum rate of force development at peak force 1 (RFDmax1) (r = 0.62, p ≤ 0.001), mean RFD 1 (RFDmean1) (r = 0.48, p ≤ 0.01), mean RFD 2 (RFDmean2) (r = 0.70, p ≤ 0.001), force at RFDmax1 (r = 0.36, p ≤ 0.05), force at RFDmax2 (r = 0.83, p ≤ 0.001) and force at RFDmax2 by controlling for PF1 (r = 0.40, p ≤ 0.05). However, Vmax in the SJ was associated negatively with the ratio PF2/PF1 (r = -0.54, p ≤ 0.01), time at peak force 2 (Tp2) (r = -0.64, p ≤ 0.001) and maximum rate of force development at peak force 2 (RFDmax2) (r = -0.71, p ≤ 0.001). These findings indicate that the peak force achieved at the beginning of the movement (PF1) is the main predictor of performance in jumping, although the RFDmax values and the ratio PF2/PF1 are also variables to be taken into account when analyzing the determinant factors of vertical jumping.
Effects of Fluid Ingestion on Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Cognition During Exercise in the Heat
Authors: Roh Hee-Tae , So Wi-Young , Cho Su-Youn , Suh Sang-Hoon
Published: August 2017

We investigated the effects of fluid ingestion during exercise in different environments on the serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor and cognition among athletes. Ten collegiate male athletes (soccer, n = 5; rugby, n = 5) were enrolled, and they completed running tests in the following four conditions (60 min each): 1) thermoneutral temperature at 18°C (group 18); 2) high ambient temperature at 32°C without fluid ingestion (group 32); 3) high ambient temperature at 32°C with water ingestion (group 32+W); and 4) high ambient temperature at 32°C with sports drink ingestion (group 32+S). Serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels significantly increased in group 18 immediately after exercise when compared with those at rest and were significantly higher than those in group 32 immediately and 60 min after exercise (p < 0.05). In the Stroop Color and Word Test, significantly increased Word, Color, and Color-Word scores were observed in group 18 immediately after exercise compared to those at rest (p < 0.05). However, the Color-Word score appeared to be significantly lower in group 32 immediately after exercise compared to the other groups (p < 0.05) and at 60 min post-exercise compared to group 18 (p < 0.05). We found that the exercise performed in a thermoneutral environment improved cognitive function, but the exercise performed in a hot environment did not. The differences according to the exercise environment would be largely affected by brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and fluid ingestion regardless of the type of drink (water or sports beverage) was assumed to have contributed to the improvement in cognitive function caused by exercising in a hot environment.
Distributed Optimization Operation Strategy for Charging Stations Under Demand Response
Authors: Qiu Duo , Zhang Xiongjun , Zhang Lei
Published: August 2017

Time-of-use price will be an important demand side management method as a supplement of administrative strategy, which could encourage the electric vehicles to change the charging behaviors. In this paper, for parking garage charging stations with photovoltaic power generation, a pricing model is proposed to encourage different consumers to participate in demand response by providing them with a list of price plans. Firstly, we introduce the system structure of the photovoltaic-assisted charging station. Afterwards, the pricing and dispatch model for the charging station is proposed, aiming to achieve maximum profit. The formulated objective for this model is to maximize the profit of selling electricity to electric vehicles and back to the grid, feed-in-tariffs revenue and parking revenue or to minimize charging station’s cost of purchasing electricity, while considering various electric vehicles demands. The decision variables for charging station include the time-of-use price, the rebate on parking fee and the charging/discharging power. To solve this model, the distributed alternating direction method of multipliers is adopted to determine the operational strategies of charging stations via local decision making and limited communication between adjacent charging stations. Finally, according to the simulation results, the optimal time-of-use pricing strategy for charging stations can play an important role in shaving the peak loads. Besides, the interconnected charging stations coordinated operation can enhance the overall system operational flexibility and reliability.
Intelligent Performance Analysis with a Natural Language Interface
Authors: Juuso Esko K.
Published: August 2017

Performance improvement is taken as the primary goal in the asset management. Advanced data analysis is needed to efficiently integrate condition monitoring data into the operation and maintenance. Intelligent stress and condition indices have been developed for control and condition monitoring by combining generalized norms with efficient nonlinear scaling. These nonlinear scaling methodologies can also be used to handle performance measures used for management since management oriented indicators can be presented in the same scale as intelligent condition and stress indices. Performance indicators are responses of the process, machine or system to the stress contributions analyzed from process and condition monitoring data. Scaled values are directly used in intelligent temporal analysis to calculate fluctuations and trends. All these methodologies can be used in prognostics and fatigue prediction. The meanings of the variables are beneficial in extracting expert knowledge and representing information in natural language. The idea of dividing the problems into the variable specific meanings and the directions of interactions provides various improvements for performance monitoring and decision making. The integrated temporal analysis and uncertainty processing facilitates the efficient use of domain expertise. Measurements can be monitored with generalized statistical process control (GSPC) based on the same scaling functions.
Aggregation of Electric Current Consumption Features to Extract Maintenance KPIs
Authors: Simon Victor , Johansson Carl-Anders , Galar Diego
Published: August 2017

All electric powered machines offer the possibility of extracting information and calculating Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) from the electric current signal. Depending on the time window, sampling frequency and type of analysis, different indicators from the micro to macro level can be calculated for such aspects as maintenance, production, energy consumption etc. On the micro-level, the indicators are generally used for condition monitoring and diagnostics and are normally based on a short time window and a high sampling frequency. The macro indicators are normally based on a longer time window with a slower sampling frequency and are used as indicators for overall performance, cost or consumption. The indicators can be calculated directly from the current signal but can also be based on a combination of information from the current signal and operational data like rpm, position etc. One or several of those indicators can be used for prediction and prognostics of a machine’s future behavior. This paper uses this technique to calculate indicators for maintenance and energy optimization in electric powered machines and fleets of machines, especially machine tools.
How to approach heterogeneous protein expression for biotechnological use: An overview
Authors: Jamrichová Daniela , Tišáková Lenka , Jarábková Veronika , Godány Andrej
Published: August 2017

Production of recombinant proteins in Escherichia coli expression systems has shown many advantages, as well as disadvantages, especially for biotechnological and other down-stream applications. The choice of an appropriate vector depends on the gene, to be cloned for purification procedures and other analyses. Selection of a suitable production strain plays an important role in the preparation of recombinant proteins. The main criteria for the selection of the host organism are the properties of the recombinant produced protein, its subsequent use and the total amount desired. The most common problems in eukaryotic gene expression and recombinant proteins purification are, for instance, post-translational modifications, formation of disulphide bonds, or inclusion bodies. Obtaining a purified protein is a key step enabling further characterization of its role in the biological system. Moreover, methods of protein purification have been developed in parallel with the discovery of proteins and the need for their studies and applications. After protein purification, and also between the individual purification steps, it is necessary to test protein stability under different conditions over time. Shortly, all the essential points have been briefly discussed, which could be encountered during production and purification of a recombinant protein of interest, especially from eukaryotic source and expressed heterogeneously in prokaryotic production system.