bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Farmers’ Compliance with Standard Silvicultural Practices and its Impact on the Performance of Pinus Spp. Woodlots in Rubanda District, South-Western Uganda
Authors: Byaruhanga Narice , Umba Tolo Casim
Published: February 2022

This study investigated farmers’ compliance to standard silvicultural practices and its impacts on the performance of Pinus spp in plantations in Rubanda District, South-western Uganda. A total of 122 pine plantations were randomly selected for intensive assessment. The findings revealed an average spacing of 2.90m, which significantly differs from the standard spacing of 3.0m for pine. Generally, stem density of pine plantations at various age categories such as 8 and 10 years was significantly higher than the recommended. The overall average pruning height of 3.26m as practiced by the farmers was significantly lower than 6.81m, the standard requirement of 50% average tree height (p≤ 0.05). In comparison, there were significant differences in average dbh in the three stem density categories. The increase in stem density caused a corresponding decline in dbh of trees in the pine plantations. Farmers with a pine crop of seven years and above with tree stock above the recommended stem density had incurred an average loss of 70.5m3 per hectare leading to an equivalent financial loss of UGX 3,525,000/= (USD 952.7) per hectare. Therefore, to avoid competition and unnecessary financial loss, adjustment of stem density by thinning as the pine plantation grows is strongly recommended.
Examining Tourism and Hospitality Curriculum Based on the
Business Employers’ Needs
Authors: Hyasat Ali
Published: February 2022

This study examines approval levels of tourism and hospitality industry employers with regard to the curriculum offered by tourism and hospitality colleges in the Diploma Programs. The investigation involves two objectives: the characteristics of teaching methodology in tourism and hospitality programs and the essential skills and knowledge required by the industry. In this study, a sample of 58 tourism industry establishments listed with the Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities active database in Jordan have taken the questionnaire. Throughout this process, descriptive statistic was used to analyze the data. Results concerning the characteristics of teaching methodology and course content by the industry employers show poor approval level. It was significant that the personal qualities set are of great importance to hospitality and tourism employers. This, the researcher suggests, could be a source of input to curricula for future improvements. The results of the study also show that Jordanian colleges have to ensure that new graduates have adequate practical knowledge and skills. The study recommends that colleges should give more priority to enhancing their programs quality through more involvement of the industry in the design of curricula.
Klasik Türk Şiiri ve İşrâk Felsefesi
Authors: KARADENİZ Mustafa Uğur
Published: February 2022

16.-17. yüzyıllar ve sonrasında Osmanlı düşünce dünyasında daha yoğun görülen İşrakîlik, klasik Türk şiirine de yansımıştır. Bu felsefe ile birlikte “işrâk” yanında ışık kavramı etrafındaki kelimeler hem genel literatüre hem de şiire girmiştir. Çalışmada “işrâk” kavramı etrafında şiirlerde, İşrâk felsefesinin yansımaları üzerinde durulmuştur. İşrâkîliğe, Osmanlı’da ilginin 16. ve 17. yüzyılda başlaması nedeniyle bu dönem ile sonraki yüzyıllardan seçilen divanlar taranmıştır. Şairlerin, filozoflara ve felsefî kavramlara şiirsel imajların bir parçası olarak yer verdiği görülmektedir. Şiirlerde İşrâkî felsefenin 17. yüzyıl ve sonrasında etkili olduğu görülmekle birlikte, onun varlık ve bilgi görüşü üzerinde ayrıntılı durulmamıştır. “İşrâk” ile birlikte ışık kavramı etrafındaki kelimelere ve bazı filozoflara yer vererek İşrâk felsefesinden etkilendiklerini açıkça gösteren şairler vardır. Ayrıca bazı klasik Türk şairlerine göre, hakikati idrak için akıl ve sezginin bir arada olması gerekir. Bu yüzden sadece akılcılığı savunan felsefî ekollerce sezgiye dayalı bir felsefe olan İşrakîlik eleştirilir. Bu dönemde “İşrâk” kavramına, felsefî bir terim olmaktan ziyade lügat anlamıyla yer veren şairler de bulunmakla birlikte çalışmada işrâk felsefesini benimseyen yahut eleştiren şiir örneklerine odaklanılmıştır.
Nâbî'yi Anlamak yahut "Genç Edebiyat Araştırmacısının Yanlışları"na Zeyl
Authors: ÖZKAN Ferudun Hakan
Published: February 2022

Bu yazıda Nâbî’nin Nâsirliği ve Kamaniçe Fetih-nâmesi (Tenkitli Metin-İnceleme) adlı kitaba dair incelemenin sonuçları kaleme alınmıştır. Söz konusu kitapla ilgili olarak öncelikle inceleme kısmındaki Türkçe anlatım bozuklukları tespit edilerek doğru şekilleri ortaya konmuş; başka kaynaklardan yapılan alıntılardaki hatalar dile getirilmiştir. Ardından tenkitli metin kısmındaki okuma hataları ele alınmıştır. Bu hatalar; ‘ilm>‘alem; derc>dürc; müşeyyed>müşeyyid; ‘arz>‘ırz; sükkân>segân; küfre>kefere; birdür ki>bir dergeh; zehr>zi-her; mukaddem>makdem; devrinün>dü-reng; sellem>süllem; vâlâyına>vâlâ yine; semm>sümm; kadr>kader; resn>resen; bennâ>binâ; geşt-zâr>kişt-zâr; mollâ-yı a’lâ>mele’-i a’lâ; kulb>kalb; dîn>deyn; eşkâl>işkâl; ‘adv/‘azv>‘uzv; günde>kevnde; ittibâ’>etbâ’; akdâm>ikdâm; ve sâde> visâde gibi homograf; hullâb>hellâb; heyûla>huyûla; pîşe>bîşe; ebeden>ebdân; hırmen>haremin; girâyı>garrâyı gibi yakın homograf kelimelerin birbiriyle karıştırılmasından kaynaklanan okuma hataları, herhangi bir tasnife tabi tutulamayan müteferrik okuma hataları; tamlama yanlışlıkları; bazı Arapça tamlama kaidelerine uymamaktan kaynaklanan yanlışlıklar; Farsça manzumelerle ilgili yanlışlıklar şeklinde tasnif edilmiş, doğru şekilleri gösterilmiştir.
The Role of the School in Developing Student Development Tasks
Authors: Saputra Jumadil , Prabowo Agung
Published: February 2022

The development of student life is the responsibility of the parents who gave birth to it. If we empathize and can live the dynamics of a student's psychic life, we as adults will regret having treated a child or student incorrectly. This shows that we need to know about the world of children or students both at home and at school. So that we know how necessary parents, teachers, and anyone who is engaged in the field of education understand the stages and tasks of child or student development. In this study only focused on the role of educators and teachers for student development. The purpose of this paper discusses the school efforts to achieve student development into a better person. The method used in this research is literature studies with a focus on student development. The results show the role of the school is very important for the development of students to face the world of work in the future. The explanation presented in this paper, still seems to be dominated by the opinions or findings of experts from the West. Therefore, for further research, it is necessary to conduct a more comprehensive study, both textually and contextually.
Pendekatan Kontekstual Dalam Tugas Misi Dan Komunikasi Injil Pasca Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Tomatala Yakob
Published: February 2022

God reveals Himself in contextual ways. In revealing Himself, He sets forth to do His will and through His will, God materializes His word. Furthermore, God’s sovereign will is revealed in contextual ways in terms of today’s community life in regards to the history of every human civilation. God’s contextual self disclosure is not just an instrument that is used to display the essence of God, but it is also a method to comprehend His substance. In relation to God’s self disclosure, the contextualized self disclosure of God provides a basis for implementing His mission through bringing and communicating the Gospel to every community context. This concept is thoroughly explained within the discourse about “The contextual approach in doing missions and communicating the Gospel in Post Covid-19 Pandemic era”. This research underlies several important issues. These issues includes : First, Contextual Approach in Doing Missions; Second, Contextual Approach in Communicating the Gospel in Post Covid-19 Pandemic era. Hopefully through this discourse there is a broad overview about implementing the Great Commission of Christ Jesus in a contextual way in today’s world specifically in the Post Covid-19 period. ABSTRAKPenyataan TUHAN Allah dalam sejarah adalah kontektual. Penyataan Allah yang kontekstual melibatkan kehendak-Nya yang berdaulat sebagai landasan dari semua tindakan-Nya. Pada sisi lain, penyataan TUHAN yang berdaulat dinyatakan-Nya secara kontektual pada konteks kehidupan kekinian dalam sejarah setiap masyarakat. Penyataan TUHAN yang kontekstual bukan saja sebagai cara penyataan diri-Nya, tetapi sekaligus adalah metode untuk memahami Dia. Dalam kaitan ini, penyataan TUHAN yang kontekstual menyiapkan landasan bagi pelaksanaan misi-Nya dengan menghadirkan dan mengkomunikasikan Injil pada setiap konteks kehidupan masyarakat. Gagasan ini dituangkan melalui diskursus tentang “Pendekatan kontekstual dalam tugas misi dan komunikasi Injil Pasca Pandemi Covid-19” yang mengetengahkan beberapa pokok penting. Pokok-pokok dimaksud antara lain adalah: Pertama, Pendekatan Kontektual dalam Gerakan Misi; Kedua, Pendekatan Kontekstual dalam Komunikasi Injil pada Konteks Pasca Pandemi Covid-19. Diharapkan agar diskursus ini memberikan gambaran mengenai pelaksanaan Amanat Agung Yesus Kristus secara kontekstual dalam kondisi dunia kekinian khususnya pada konteks pasca Pandemi Covid-19.
Expanding our Toolkit through Collaboration: DIR/Floortime and Dissociation-Informed Trauma Therapy for Children
Authors: Silber Joyanna L , SCHWARTZ LAPIN CHEVY
Published: February 2022

This article describes the first author’s supervision of the practice of a therapist originally trained to work with developmentally delayed children using the DIR/Floortime Model. The Floortime therapist discovered that her practice contained children demonstrating dissociation and posttraumatic play and received supervision and certification in trauma therapy. The combination of Floortime techniques with awareness of trauma treatment principles led to rapid progress and developmental leaps with her clients. The authors describe how each of their practices were enriched by the collaboration. A case study describes how changing to a trauma-sensitive and dissociation sensitive perspective promoted the growth of a child with many autistic features.
COVID-19 consumer tracker survey Summary report (Waves 1 – 19)
Authors:   Ipsos Mori,   Food Standards Agency
Published: February 2022

The Food Standards Agency commissioned social research to develop its evidence base on issues affecting consumers and businesses in order to inform its COVID-19 response. The COVID-19 consumer tracker ran for 19 months (19 waves) from April 2020 to October 2021, resulting in three reports (waves 1-5, 1-12 and 1-19). The monthly tracker was intended to understand consumers’ concerns around food insecurity and their experience of food unavailability, to understand and observe food behaviours that put consumers health and safety at risk and to understand the pattern and changes in food consumption and purchasing behaviours over the pandemic. The tracker has now been replaced with the ‘Consumer Insights Tracker’ (from November 2021 onwards) where similar measures are covered. Ipsos Mori were commissioned to track consumer attitudes through an omnibus survey. Bright Harbour were commissioned to produce qualitative reports on the lived experience of people living in food insecurity during COVID-19 and the impact on consumers’ engagement with the food system in June and July 2020. Additionally, we undertook in-house social media listening to support our insight gathering around the impact of COVID-19 on food safety, food authenticity and food regulation. In addition, the COVID-19 expert panel was set up to help identify the most important implications of the COVID-19 outbreak in relation to food policy. The FSA drew on its networks of leading researchers and industry experts between April and June 2020
Synthesis of Alginate Oligosaccharide (AOS) Using Different Solvents
Authors: Nainggolan Nathaniel , Seprianto Seprianto , Kusumawati Rinta
Published: February 2022

Alginate oligosaccharide (AOS) is an oligosaccharide synthesized by depolymerizing alginate and has various industrial applications. This research determines the best solvent and the optimal concentration of the best solvent to produce AOS. Peroxides and hydrochloric acid can be used[L1]  as solvents, but the residue might cause some danger if the AOS extract is used for food or pharmaceutical purposes. Citric acid can be used as a solvent, but it is necessary to determine the optimum concentration to synthesize AOS. Citric acid concentration variations are 0.3 M, 0.5 M, and 0.7 M. After that, the type of solvent varies, 3% (v/v) hydrogen peroxide, 0.3 M hydrochloric acid, and 0.3 M citric acid. AOS are measured by measuring the amount of reducing sugar using the DNS colorimetric method. The results were then submitted to a one-way ANOVA test followed by a post hoc Tukey Test (P < 0,05). The result of the Tukey test shows that the 0.3 M citric acid treatment significantly has the highest reducing sugar compared to the other solvents. The 0.3 M citric acid solvent also has the highest AOS yield compared to the other solvents. [L1]Can be used as…, but….
O ÉPICO NA LITERATURA AINU: KUTUNE SHIRKA
Authors: paula anna beatriz , Matsuo Esther
Published: February 2022

Os Ainu são povos indígenas originalmente das regiões norte do Japão (atual Hokkaido), mas também das ilhas Curilas (ou Kuriru) e no sul de Sakhalin (ou Karafuto); ademais, atualmente estão presentes em todo o território japonês e pelo mundo. Eles possuem línguas, crença e tradições próprias, sendo notória essas diversidades culturais. Da tradição oral temos narrativas com material épico riquíssimo que sintetiza muito bem suas crenças, costumes, identidade comunitária e territorial. A presente pesquisa teve como objeto de estudo uma literatura produzida no Japão pela etnia ainu e visou, principalmente, desfazer a construção de um único referencial épico naquele país, partindo da hipótese da possibilidade de pensar o épico na literatura ainu. Para atingir esses objetivos, foi necessário pesquisar a cultura e a história do povo ainu e, na sequência, investigar a sua literatura e a tipologia de seus textos para, então, definir um texto como base de investigação, o épico Kutune Shirka, de Kyosuke Kindaichi traduzido por Arthur Waley.
ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI STANDAR PELAYANAN MINIMAL BIDANG KESEHATAN DI PUSKESMAS CURUG, KOTA SERANG
Authors: Wahyuni Nova
Published: February 2022

Pelayanan kesehatan di Kota Serang, Banten telah menerapkan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 4 tahun 2019 tentang Standar Teknis Pemenuhan Mutu Pelayanan Dasar Pada Standar Pelayanan Minimal (SPM) Bidang Kesehatan, Puskesmas Curug merupakan salah satu unit pelayanan Kesehatan masyarakat yang menerapkan 12 indikator dalam pelayanan dasar tersebut. Target yang ditetapkan didalamnya adalah 100% untuk setiap indikator pelayanan yang diberikan kepada masyarakat, masih terdapat beberapa pelayanan di Puskesmas Curug yang belum memenuhi standar yang ditetapkan oleh SPM bidang Kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan SPM di Puskesmas Curug. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif, pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara indepth interview. Informasi dikumpulkan dari 5 informan yang terkait dalam pelaksanaan SPM terdiri dari informan utama dan informan triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 6 indikator pelayanan yang belum memenuhi target SPM, yaitu pelayanan kesehatan ibu hamil, pelayanan kesehatan balita, pelayanan kesehatan pada usia lanjut, pelayanan Kesehatan penderita diabetes mellitus, pelayanan kesehatan penderita hipertensi, pelayanan kesehatan orang terduga tuberkulosis, serta pelayanan kesehatan orang berisiko HIV. Beberapa faktor yang menghambat laju target SPM diantaranya kuantitas dan kualitas sumber daya manusia yang kurang maksimal, wilayah demografi yang luas juga berpengaruh terhadap sarana dan prasarana yang dibutuhkan, budaya dan kesadaran masyarakat sebagai faktor eksternal, serta manajemen monitoring dan evaluasi yang kurang optimal.
Les huguenots au Danemark aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles
Authors: Cadier-Rey Gabrielle
Published: February 2022

On parle peu des huguenots qui se sont installés au Danemark au cours des XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles. À la fin du XVIIe siècle, il s’agit d’un refuge classique, soit d’officiers de terre et de mer entrant dans les armées d’un roi de Danemark un temps allié de Louis XIV, soit d’artisans tournés vers les métiers du luxe. Dans l’ensemble, malgré l’opposition vigoureuse des évêques luthériens, ils ont été bien accueillis et l’Église réformée de Copenhague, toujours active aujourd’hui, en témoigne. Ses registres renseignent sur ces paroissiens arrivés de France, leur origine géographique, et leur profession. Au XVIIIe siècle, le Danemark connaît une exceptionnelle période de croissance. Des agriculteurs francophones venus du Brandebourg voisin développent de nouvelles cultures dans le Jutland. Cependant c’est surtout le commerce colonial et international, appuyé sur une puissante marine, qui enrichit le pays et attire négociants et armateurs, tels que Huguetan, Iselin, Peschier, de Coninck. Il s’agit, là encore, de réformés francophones, souvent descendants de huguenots réfugiés. L’influence française se manifeste dans la vie culturelle et artistique du pays comme en témoigne le passage bref mais significatif du jeune La Beaumelle. Mais le Danemark qui avait profité de sa neutralité pour commercer pendant que les grandes puissances européennes se faisaient la guerre, est, au début du XIXe siècle, victime de leurs rivalités et voit s’effondrer ce qui faisait sa force économique et sa place en Europe.
A framework for dumping-based economies during the Covid-19 pandemic: A case of South African economy
Authors: Fotso G. Bakam , Edoun E.I. , Pradhan A. , Sukdeo N.
Published: February 2022

Maintaining economic supremacy has been a challenge for emerging countries due to the change in global outlook as imposed by the globalisation. Considering that the World Trade Organisation (WTO) refers to dumping as an economic approach to drive competitors for global market positioning, it is sometimes hard to prove since applying less price is a prerequisite market entry tactics only. Dumping-based economies are characterised by national practices and global influence that endanger local economic expansion such as more imports than exports, less protectionism practices, less foreign direct investment, unsuitable trade policies, less customer experience towards quality/price ratio and foreign exchange rate in addition to less  government revenues. This study proposes a framework for dumping-based economies during the COVID-19 pandemic to guide nations towards economic development recovery. Transition economies should observe development of inclusive economies, corrective COVID-19 lockdown measures, convenient COVID-19 imports/exports regulations and sustainable anti-dumping measures to enhance domestic economies.
Oliy o‘quv yurti talabalarida axloqiy madaniyatni shakllantirish
Authors: Imomqulova Muslima
Published: February 2022

Axloqiy madaniyatning qadr-qimmati va ahamiyati, xuddi axloq kabi, kishilarning xulq-atvori, muloqoti va faoliyatida, oshkora dunyoqarashida, shaxsiy o‘rnak ko‘rsatishida yuzaga chiqadi. Axloqiy madaniyat tushunchasining mazmun-mohi-yatini nazariy jihatdan to‘g‘ri anglash, uning jamiyat madaniy taraqqiyoti va shaxs ma’naviy dunyosini shakllantirishdagi salmoqli o‘rni bunga zarur asos bo‘la oladi. Maqolada oliy o‘quv yurti talabalarining axloqiy madaniyatini shakllan-tirishning ahamiyati atroflicha yoritilgan.
Maktabgacha ta’lim tashkiloti samaradorligini oshirishda axborot-kommunikatsiya texnologiyalaridan foydalanish muammolari
Authors: Yoziyeva Umida , Abdiyeva Fazilat
Published: February 2022

Ushbu maqolada maktabgacha ta’lim jarayonida axborot-kommunikatsion texnologiyalaridan foydalanishning ahamiyati, dolzarbligi va muammolari to`g’risida fikr yuritilgan.
Соғлом турмуш тарзи қадрият сифатида
Authors: Садикова Асила
Published: February 2022

Мақолада соғлом турмуш тарзи ва унинг қадрият эканлиги, валеология, унинг назарий ва амалий ютуқлари, хусусан, индивид соғлиғини бошқариш, унинг ўз-ўзини ташкиллаштириш механизмларини мустаҳкамлаш масалалари илмий адабиётлар ёрдамида таҳлил қилинган.
Methodological support of training future engineers based on media technologies
Authors: Ganihanova Madina
Published: February 2022

In this article, the method based on exercises is considered, since in the learning process almost everything depends on the methodicality and inclusion of the learner in the learning process. With the communicative method of teaching, all exercises should be of a speech nature, that is, mutually communicative exercises. There are two series of exercises: conditional speech and applied speech. Conditional speech exercises are exercises specially organized for the formation of professional skills.
Zаhiriddin Muhаmmаd Bobur ilmiy merosini o‘rgаnishning yoshlаr аxloqiy-estetik tаfаkkurini yuksаltirishdаgi ahamiyati
Authors: Jurayeva Dilafruz
Published: February 2022

Mazkur maqolada shoh va shoir sifatida e’tirof etilgan Zahiriddin Muhammad Bobur asarlaridagi axloqiy-estetik me’yorlarning o‘rni va dolzarbligi tahlil qilinib, bu qarashlar O‘zbekiston taraqqiyotida ham muhim ahamiyat kasb etishi bayon qilingan. Zahiriddin Muhammad Bobur  nafaqat buyuk sarkarda, balki badiiy ijod bilan ham shug`ullangan ajoyib so’z ustasi, ijodkordir. Undan jahonga mashhur bo`lgan. tariximiz uchun qimmatli hisoblangan “Boburnoma” asari, g`azallari, ruboiylari meros bo`lib qolgan.
Shuningdek, maqolada  Zahiriddin Muhammad Bobur  ijodidagi badiiy-estetik ruhda ishq-muhabbat, sevgi-sadoqat, visol va hijron aks etgan g‘azal, ruboiy, tuyuq va masnaviylaridagi axloqiy-estetik qarashlarini tahlil etishga harakat qilingan.
Масофавий таълимда инглиз тилини ўқитишнинг самарадорлигини ошириш имкониятлари
Authors: Нурмуратов Анвар
Published: February 2022

Мақолада таълим тизимида сифатли кадрлар тайёрлаш учун ўқиш жараёнида замонавий АКТларга асосланган масофавий таълим (МТ) шаклини қўллашга эътибор қаратилган. Шунингдек, инглиз тилини ўқитиш жараёнларида интернет тизими ва АКТни янги билимларни эгаллаш, сақлаш, узатиш ҳамда амалий қарорлар қабул қилиш воситасига айлантириш ҳисобига кадрларнинг сифат даражасини тубдан яхшилашнинг имкониятлари кўрсатиб берилган. Масофавий таълим орқали инглиз тилини ўргатишда мультимедиа технологиялари, ахборот-компьютер тармоғи (АКТ) воситаларидан фойдаланишнинг таълим тизимига ижобий таъсири кўрсатиб ўтилган.
Лингвопрагматические особенности отрицания в английском и русском языках
Authors: Азимова Саёра
Published: February 2022

В данной статье рассматриваются лингвопрагматические особенности отрицаний в английском и русском языках. Рассматриваются способы употребления отрицательных высказываний в сравнительно-сопоставительном аспекте двух языков, а именно русского и английского.
Коммуникативное обучение как основа развития критического мышления
Authors: Петросян Неля
Published: February 2022

Эта статья раскрывает использование коммуникативного обучения, на базе лингвистических, социолингвистических, прагматических и стратегических компетенций. Это является основой для развития навыков критического мышления. Цель данной исследовательской статьи - проиллюстрировать эффективность использования коммуникативных компетенций в обучении, а также в развитии способностей обучающегося  критического мышления. Коммуникативные компетенции, основанные на использовании инновационных педагогических технологий, играют одну из основных ролей в современном процессе обучения, особенно английского языка. Коммуникативное обучение - это прежде всего, подход к обучению языку, который подчеркивает взаимодействие как средство, и как конечную цель обучения. На сегодняшний день педагогическая наука трансформируется, как вся наша жизнь. Основные традиционные методы обучения не отвечает требованиям современной педагогики. Исследуется подходы и методы всестороннего развития каждого ученика в процессе обучения. В связи с этим,  принципы развивающего обучения реализуются посредством использования современных педагогических технологий в системе высшего образования, а именно, которые обеспечивают всестороннее развитие личности и расширение кругозора студентов.
Kommunikativ kompetensiyaning asosiy tushunchalari va mazmuni
Authors: Ishqobilova Jamila
Published: February 2022

Kommunikativ kompetensiyaning funksional maqsadi u yoki bu obyektiv faoliyatni tashkil qilish va ta’minlashda ko‘rinadi. Kommunikativ kompetensiya tarkibiga kirgan aloqa faoliyatni tashkil etish usuli sifatida ishlaydi. Shu tufayli o‘qituvchi o‘quvchilarning fikrlarini darsning ma’lum bir yo‘nalishiga yo‘naltiradi, ularning e’tiborini qiziqarli hodisa va jarayonlarga qaratadi, aniq qoidalar, voqealar, sanalar, faktlarni eslab qolishni taklif qiladi.
Pendidikan Karakter Santri Berbasis Pesantren Tahfidzul Qur’an di Desa Jabon Kertosono Nganjuk
Authors: Saini Mukhamat , Latipah Siti
Published: February 2022

Era globalisasi yang dihadapi saat ini menawarkan suatu nilai yang baik, juga nilai yang tidak baik, seperti: konsumerisme, seks bebas, narkoba, pelampiasan nafsu manusiawi dengan melupakan hidup imani dan rohani. Fenomena ini menyebabkan kemerosotan karakter, sering terjadinya konflik antarsuku, agama, ras, kepentingan kelompok. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis studi kasus. Sedangkan teknik pengumpulan datanya adalah wawancara terstruktur, observasi partisipasi, dan dokumentas. Hasil penelitian menunjukan: Pertama, pendidikan karakter berbasis tahfidz Al-Qur’an di PPTQ Babussalam merupakan tujuan utama dari program pesantren. Nilai karakter yang dikembangkan meliputi karakter ikhlas, disiplin, sederhana, mandiri, istiqamah, kerja keras, sabar, tekun, teliti, dan tanggung jawab. Kedua, pendidikan karakter berbasis tahfidz Al-Qur’an diimplementasikan dengan menggunakan dua metode, yaitu pembiasaan dan keteladanan dalam seluruh kegiatan yang ada di Pesantren. Ketiga, solusi dalam menangani kendala implementasi pendidikan karakter santri di Dusun Jabon Drenges Kertosono Nganjuk adalah (1) menyelenggarakan kegiatan yang variatif, (2) mengadakan kegiatan rihlah secara rutin, (3) memberikan metode atau tips manajemen diri dan waktu, (4) Muraja’ah, khotmil Quran, dan mengevaluasi hafalan santri, (5) mengikutkan santri pada MHQ, (6) Membantu Biaya Santri dari keluarga yang tidak mampu, (7) pembatasan pergaulan santri, (8) pembatasan penggunaan gadget oleh santri.
Inculcation of Communicative Skills
Authors: Yedavelly Srinivas Reddy
Published: February 2022

English is now hailed as a lingua-franca of the modern era. While English is not an official language in many countries, it is currently the language most often taught as a second language around the world. India has a large population of English language speakers and our growth in areas like Information Technology and Business process Outsourcing has been attributed to this fact. The population of non-native speakers of English has risen tremendously in recent times that some linguists believe that it is no longer the exclusive cultural sign of “Native English Speakers”, but it is rather a language that is absorbing aspects of cultures worldwide as it continues to grow.
Influência de esquemas de irrigação salina no crescimento vegetativo e reprodução de diferentes progênies de aspargos marinhos Salicornia neei Lag.
Authors: Doncato Kennia Brum , Serra Bonifácio Costa César
Published: February 2022

A Salicornia neei é utilizada como vegetal fresco em cozinhas gourmet e alimentos industrializados, bem como na alimentação animal. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de diferentes regimes de irrigação de água salina sobre o crescimento vegetativo de progênies F3 e F4 de novas linhagens de S. neei (BTH1 e BTH2). Vinte plantas por progênie foram irrigadas com 375 L de água salina da carcinicultura a cada dois (T2) e quatro (T4) dias em canteiros. Esses esquemas de irrigação foram quantificados como 249% e 151% do potencial de evapotranspiração estimada do período de estudo (670 mm), respectivamente. Os dados foram analisados por ANOVA. BTH2-F4 exibiu o melhor desempenho vegetativo e uma biomassa média da parte aérea fresca de 201,2 ± 17,1 g. O tempo médio para o início da floração foi mais cedo e o investimento em estruturas reprodutivas foi maior (representando 54-62% da biomassa total da parte aérea) para as progênies BTH1 do que BTH2 (14,6-16,7 semanas; 26-42% da biomassa total da parte aérea). A irrigação a cada quatro dias beneficiou a altura dos caules e atrasou o florescimento de ambas as linhagens, mas não afetou a produção de biomassa da parte aérea. Em conclusão, as plantas BTH2-F4 apresentaram melhor desenvolvimento entre as progênies e maior altura do caule sob irrigação a cada quatro dias.
Consequências do canibalismo lagarta-ovo na ontogenia de Heliconius erato phyllis (Fabricius, 1775) (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae)
Authors: De Nardin Janaína , Mellender de Araújo Aldo
Published: February 2022

Lagartas recém-eclodidas de Heliconius erato phyllis (Fabricius, 1775) podem ser canibais ou não-canibais; além disso, elas são capazes de reconhecer parentes, preferencialmente canibalizando ovos não relacionados. Este estudo analisou diferenças no desenvolvimento e sobrevivência até a maturidade de lagartas canibais e não-canibais desta borboleta, como estimativas dos custos e benefícios do comportamento canibal e não-canibal. As variáveis analisadas foram peso e volume do ovo, número de dias desde a eclosão até a idade adulta, taxa de crescimento, peso pupal, área da asa, mortalidade de imaturos e sobrevivência de imaturos sob regime de fome. Houve diferenças significativas para o volume e peso do ovo (canibal > não-canibal) e para a duração do primeiro ínstar e pupa (canibal < não-canibal). A mortalidade entre canibais e não-canibais não foi diferente, mas a sobrevivência dos canibais sob fome foi significativamente maior. Irmãos de canibais e não-canibais não diferem nas mesmas variáveis. Os não-canibais têm o benefício de deixar mais irmãos, mas sofrem o custo de um desenvolvimento um pouco mais lento. Uma breve discussão sobre os custos e benefícios do canibalismo e não-canibalismo neste estudo, bem como na literatura disponível, está incluída.
Volume 18, Number 1
Authors: Opioid Management Journal of
Published: February 2022

January/February 2022
Innovation as a Driver of economic growth: An empirical Comparison
between China and India
Authors: Dhir Md. Gulam Mokta , Zaarour Fatma , Uddin Md. Emran , Afrose Sanzida , Ferdous Mostofa Shamim
Published: February 2022

This study focuses on the relationship between patent application and economic development in two most important global economies China and India. We have used time series data and have applied ARDL bound testing approach for finding out a long run relationship. The outputs show that there must be a long run relationship between patent registration and economic development. We can conclude out of this those innovations (patent) might be a very vital factor for economic development in China and India. It
has also helped us to draw some policies’ recommendations.
Land use and Land Cover Change Analysis, Causes and Effects on
Agricultural Productivity, Case of Anlemo District in Hadiya zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Horamo Yohannes , Ayele Fekadu , Atiso Habtewold
Published: February 2022

Change in land use land cover (LULC) is one of the constraints which can influence the development of sustainable agricultural in the study area. The change in LULC can negatively affect the possible use of land and completely lead to soil and vegetation degradation that have an influences on crop productivity. LULC change analysis was conducted in Anlemo District in Hadiya zone, Ethiopia for the period of 2000-2018, using Remote Sensing satellite image and Geographic Information System with field
verifications. This was to look at LULC change, its causes and influences on crop productivity in Anlemo District. In this study, LULC maps of 2000, 2010 and 2018, and change maps of 2000-2010 and 2010- 2018 were produced. Results from LULC change analysis revealed an increase in agricultural land from 36.6% in 2000 to 55.764% in 2018. The increase of agricultural land was mainly at the cost of vegetation and grazing land cover change. Vegetation cover decreased from 21.81% in 2000 to 14.601% in 2018.
Shrub land area was 38.81% in 2000 that decreased to 19.933% in 2018 and wetland which was 0.817% in 2000 increased to 1.057% in 2018. The study also made known that the main reasons of LULC changes were mainly, expansion of agricultural land and clearing vegetation. Therefore, these urges to initiate mechanized farming system that permits small land holder farmers to obtain more crop products from their small plot of land and to use alternative sources for fuel to reduce the complete reliance of rural
community on forest products.
The immediate effect of spinal manipulative therapy on drag flicking performance of field hockey players
Authors:   , Wiggett Michael
Published: February 2022

Background In sport, competitive athletes are required to perform to the best of their ability, with some athletes seeking the use of chiropractic treatment to improve performance. For example, hockey players are required to perform at peak physical function whilst executing a drag flick. The action of a drag flick involves a player hunched over low down in front of the ball and the hook of the hockey stick makes contact with the ball, which is then ball is pushed along the ground with the ball moving slightly up the shaft of the stick. The player then performs ‘slinging’ action, which means they ‘flick’ the ball towards the goal posts. The drag flick is an explosive sequential movement involving the player’s pelvis, trunk and upper limbs, requiring the use of the spine to generate the speed of the stick and ball. As a result any decreased spinal movement could reduce performance. Therefore this study attempted to assess the use of spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) in improving the drag flicking performance of hockey players. SMT has been shown to be a safe and effective way of increasing spinal joint mobility Objectives To determine and compare the effect of placebo and spinal manipulative therapy in terms of subjective and objective measurements on drag flicking performance of premier league field hockey players. Methods A comparative, experimental study of forty asymptomatic premier league hockey drag flickers were divided into two groups of twenty each. Group A received SMT of fixated joints of the spine (cervical, thoracic and lumbar) as determined by motion palpation by an experienced qualified chiropractor. Group B received sham manipulation. Pre and post intervention ROM of the spine and drag flicking speed where measured using CROM, Inclinometer, BROM II and Speed TracX Speed Sport Radar. The subject’s perception of a change in drag flicking speed post intervention was also recorded. SPSS version 21 was used to analyse the data. A p value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Significant differences in ROM were noticed in the inter-group analysis in cervical: extension; LLF; RR PA, thoracic: extension; LLF, RLF, lumbar: extension, LLF, RLF. There was a significant increase in drag flicking speed post SMT, but between the SMT and sham manipulation groups were not significantly different. A significant correlation was seen between subjects’ perception of change in drag flicking speed post intervention and the objective results obtained. Conclusion The immediate effect of SMT on drag flicking performance of hockey players was inconclusive. The outcomes of this study suggests that SMT results in an increase in the average speed of drag flicking, however further larger studies are required to confirm this.
A comparative study of the knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of post graduate homoeopathy and post basic nursing students with regard to the adverse effects of vaccination in children
Authors:   , Rohith Suvishka
Published: February 2022

Aim of the study The study aimed to identify the knowledge, attitudes and perceptions amongst post graduate homoeopathy students and post basic primary health care nurses serving in a primary health care setting regarding adverse effects associated with childhood vaccinations. Methodology In this qualitative study 18 participants were selected through purposive sampling. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with each participant. The interviews were recorded and analysed conceptually. Results The findings of this study revealed that all of the PHC nursing participants were in favour of the childhood immunisation schedule of South Africa, contrary to the homoeopathic participants where the majority of participants were not in favour of the childhood immunisation schedule. Knowledge, attitudes and perceptions varied amongst the homoeopathic participants in contrast to the PHC nursing participants where there was a much more unified stance and cohesive outcome with regard to their attitudes and perceptions.
Development of a disinfection protocol for the public sector Emergency Medical Services in the eThekwini District of KwaZulu-Natal
Authors:   , Williams-Claassen Natalee Jean
Published: February 2022

Background In the Emergency Medical Services (EMS), paramedics play a vital role in the treatment of critically ill or injured patients, as they are often the first link or point of contact for the patient in the healthcare setting. They may therefore also play a vital role in the prevention and control of the transmission of communicable diseases, provided that proper infection control measures are in place. The objectives of the study There is presently no national policy on communicable diseases and infection control that is specifically designed for use in the South African prehospital environment. Given the paucity of research in the area, qualitative multiple case studies were conducted to develop an ambulance specific disinfection protocol and to evaluate its effectiveness in the public sector EMS in the eThekwini District of KwaZulu-Natal. Methodology The study comprised of three phases. In the first phase focus group discussions were conducted to identify the factors needed to develop a disinfection protocol. The study population consisted of both operational and management staff from the EMS under study. The first four focus groups consisted of eight to ten EMS operational staff each and the fifth focus group consisted of five EMS management staff. Thereafter, the information gathered was used in conjunction with internationally accepted guidelines to develop an ambulance specific disinfection protocol (Phase Two). The third phase entailed the implementation of the protocol at seven ambulance bases in the eThekwini health district and the evaluation of the protocol with the use of an open-ended questionnaire at two weeks and four weeks after implementation. A single ambulance crew and their immediate supervisor from each base were utilized in this phase. Conclusion and recommendations An ambulance specific disinfection protocol was developed and implemented in the EMS under study. During the development, implementation and evaluation of the protocol, many themes with regard to infection control in EMS were identified. These themes were used to better understand the present situation in EMS in relation to infection control and in the formulation of recommendations to assist in the improvement of the present situation. The researcher recommended that all EMS staff require training and education with regard to infection control and prevention. The development and implementation of a protocol and policy document for infection control specifically for EMS is required. There is a need for the deployment of more ambulances and the employment of more operational EMS staff together with the appointment of Infection Control Supervisors at all ambulance bases. Without adequate infrastructure needed to meet infection control and prevention requirements, there may be a serious risk to both staff and the patients they serve.
The effectiveness of the Impulse iQ® Adjusting Instrument compared to ischaemic compression in the treatment of upper trapezius myofascial trigger points in participants with non-specific neck pain
Authors:   , Makowe Alistair
Published: February 2022

Aim: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of the Impulse iQ® Adjusting Instrument and ischaemic compression on trigger points in pain relief and quality of life in adults presenting with non-specific neck pain. Methodology: This study was a randomised single-blinded clinical trial which consisted of 40 participants residing in the eThekwini municipality, divided into two groups of 20 each. The participants were randomly assigned using concealed allocation to one of two treatment groups of 20 viz. Impulse iQ® Adjusting Instrument (IAI) trigger point therapy group and ischaemic compression (IC) group. Neck pain level was determined using a numerical pain rating scale (NRS). Degree of lateral flexion (LF) was determined by a cervical range of motion (CROM) goniometer. Pain pressure thresholds (PPT) were measured with a pain pressure algometer. The effect of neck pain on participants’ activities of daily living was assessed using the Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College (CMCC) Neck Disability Index (NDI). The participants’ overall perception of improvement since the initiation of treatment was assessed using the Patients Global Impression of Change (PGIC). The participants received three treatments over a two and half week period with the fourth consultation being used for the final subjective and objective measurements. Results: Repeated measures ANOVA testing was used to examine the intra-group effect of time and the inter-group effect of treatment on the outcomes of NRS, algometer readings and CROM goniometer measurements. Profile plots were used to assess the direction and trends of the effects. An intra-group analysis revealed that, objectively and subjectively, all groups responded positively to treatment over time, with no significant time-group interaction. It was noted that there was a higher rate of improvement in IAI Group with respect to algometer readings over time; however, this difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: This study concluded that neither IAI nor IC is more effective than the other with respect to participants’ pain perception and CROM. However, the IAI was more effective on pain pressure threshold. Based on the results collected from this study, both therapies can used in the treatment protocols of neck pain associated with MFTPs.
An investigation into recognition of prior learning within the National Certificate: Emergency Care Programme in the Western Cape
Authors:   , Cermak Radomir
Published: February 2022

Purpose Emergency care education and training in South Africa is experiencing an important transformation period, involving migration from short course based training to a newly proposed, formalised, three-tier qualification system, aligned with the Higher Education Sub-framework. Many existing and experienced holders of short course emergency care certificates face the challenge of gaining access to formal emergency care programmes without meeting the minimum entry requirements. Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) will therefore become one of the key strategies for planned migration of short course graduates into professional learning programmes. However, the research reports on RPL practice in the field of emergency care are scarce. Hence, valuable lessons about RPL in emergency care programmes are missed. The purpose of this study is to explore the efficacy of RPL practice within the National Certificate: Emergency Care (NCEC) Programme in the Western Cape, through the experience of ambulance emergency assistants, who applied for RPL on the Programme and the paramedic educators involved in the facilitation and RPL assessment on the NCEC Programme. Methodology The design of this descriptive exploratory study was qualitative, and was set in the interpretative paradigm using a case study mode of inquiry. The qualitative data was collected through semi-structured focus groups, individual interviews, and document analysis. The participants were from Cape Peninsula University of Technology (CPUT), Department of Emergency Medical Sciences, and the Western Cape Government College of Emergency Care (WCCEC). Collected data was interpreted by means of thematic analysis, set against the context of the study objectives and the theoretical framework. Finding The study revealed three main themes related to RPL efficacy in the NCEC Programme. These included the need for RPL training for educators involved in RPL, lack of support and guidance for RPL assessors and participants, and the need for careful selection of RPL assessment methods. The document analysis highlighted the gap between a comprehensive and sound RPL policy document and the practical implementation of these policies. Conclusion and Recommendations The emergency care field requires greater awareness and information on RPL processes, principles, assessments, and requirements. The higher education institutions, as the sole providers of the newly proposed formal emergency care programmes need to consider building capacity for RPL by means of training and dedicating academic staff to RPL, and developing comprehensive RPL policies, in collaboration with relevant stakeholders in the field. RPL assessment methods need to be more diverse and tailored to the individual RPL claimants. Further research on RPL will ensure a fair, social inclusive and redressing process during the planned migration of emergency care education and training.
Atfi Ahmed Bosnevi's Commentary upon Tuḥfa-i Shāhidī
Authors: Munir Drkić  , Ahmed Zildžić
Published: February 2022

Based on primary sources and relevant literature, the authors in this paper present the commentary that Atfi Ahmed Bosnevi, an Ottoman author of Bosnian extraction from the first half of the XVIII century, composed upon the celebrated Persian-Ottoman dictionary in verse Tuḥfe-i Shāhidī by Ibrahim-dede Shāhidī. The original work subject to commentary is briefly introduced and analyzed as a significant work in the evolution of Persian lexicography in the Ottoman Empire. However, Atfi's commentary upon Tuḥfe remains in the primary focus of the authors in all relevant aspects: his commentary approach and relation to the original text, his method of commenting as well as the contents of his work revolving around Persian grammar and its tripartite structure according to the traditional Oriental and Arabic linguistic heritage: verbs, nouns, and particle. Although a later addition to the tradition of Tuḥfe commentaries, Atfi’s work ranks among more comprehensive and successful commentaries in which the author strives to preserve the original text from repeated distortions caused to extensive copying, often by non-well-qualified individuals. After furnishing all the necessary information on Ottoman and Persian prosody at the opening of each chapter, Atfi analyzes the Persian lemmata with precious instructions concerning their orthography and pronunciation and their meaning by way of Turkish and Arabic equivalents. The authors conclude that Atfi subjected the original text of Tuhfa to rigorous and thorough philological treatment. Nonetheless, his commentary sometimes feels a bit restrained as Atfi is not particularly keen on widening his commentary out of the contours of the original work even if an occasion calls for it. As a result, his treatment of specific grammatical questions in Persian is selective. His commentary does not function as a combined dictionary and grammar of Persian, and that was not the author’s purpose and motivation for writing his commentary.