bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Technology Design and Routes for Tool Appropriation in Medical Practices
Authors: Santos-Trigo Manuel , Suaste Ernesto , Figuerola Paola
Published: June 2017

This chapter aims to analyse the extent to which medical practitioners incorporate the use of digital technologies into their practices. In this process, it is recognised that significant developments of technologies not only transform ways in which people interact and access to information to make decisions related to individual and social functioning; but also influence and demand changes in professional practices. Nowadays, it is common that patients consult online information during their medical treatments. How do medical doctors develop an expertise in the use of digital technologies to fully incorporate them into their regular practices? We discuss the process in which medical practitioners get involved to transform an artifact (webpage, catheter, stent, etc.) into an instrument to treat a particular patient's health problem. To this end, we focus on the development of the practitioners' cognitive schemata to analyse and describe main phases associated with the practitioner appropriation of the tool.
A Framework for Profiling Prospective Students in Higher Education
Authors: Lakkaraju Santhosh Kumar , Tech Deb , Deng Shuyuan
Published: June 2017

Internet became a primary source of valuable information for everyone over a decade. Before purchasing a higher education program, prospects invest a significant amount of time researching about a different program. This chapter intends to provide a conceptual framework to profile prospective students by giving an overview of higher education marketing literature and extract a theoretical model analyze different prospect decision-making factors. These decision-making factors are further categorized into prospect profiles based on their contextual relevance.
An Integrated Electronic IQA System for HEI
Authors: Shawyun Teay
Published: June 2017

Most HEIs have piecemeal partially linked QMS (Quality Management System) or mechanisms to manage the data, statistics and documents heavy quality management of its academic aspirations disjointed from the planning dimension. The integrated eIQA structured in 9 e-modules are aimed at integrating the quality-information-planning trilogy into a paperless online real-time era of quality-information-planning management working in full tandem in conjunctions with each other holistically to support the key management and institution performance management and informed decision making. The linkages are establlished via the key reports, statistics, documents and action plans and projects required of quality management and accreditation across the QMS-PMS (Planning Management System) duo, as supported by a data warehouse and its applications data marts that interlinks the 9 e-modules in in eIQA.
Cost Evaluation of Synchronization Algorithms for Multicore Architectures
Authors: Hemmatpour Masoud , Ferrero Renato , Gandino Filippo , Montrucchio Bartolomeo , Rebaudengo Maurizio
Published: June 2017

In a multicore environment, a major focus is represented by the synchronization among threads and processes. Since synchronization mechanisms strongly affect the performance of multithread algorithms, the selection of an effective synchronization approach is critical for multicore environments. In this chapter, the cost of the main existing synchronization techniques is estimated. The current investigation covers both hardware and software solutions. A comparative analysis highlights benefits and drawbacks of the considered approaches. The results are intended to represent a useful aid for researchers and practitioners interested in optimization of parallel algorithms.
The Future of High-Performance Computing (HPC)
Authors: Cornelius Herbert
Published: June 2017

For decades, HPC has established itself as an essential tool for discoveries, innovations and new insights in science, research and development, engineering and business across a wide range of application areas in academia and industry. Today High-Performance Computing is also well recognized to be of strategic and economic value – HPC matters and is transforming industries. This article will discuss new emerging technologies that are being developed for all areas of HPC: compute/processing, memory and storage, interconnect fabric, I/O and software to address the ongoing challenges in HPC such as balanced architecture, energy efficient high-performance, density, reliability, sustainability, and last but not least ease-of-use. Of specific interest are the challenges and opportunities for the next frontier in HPC envisioned around the 2020 timeframe: ExaFlops computing. We will also outline the new and emerging area of High Performance Data Analytics, Big Data Analytics using HPC, and discuss the emerging new delivery mechanism for HPC - HPC in the Cloud.
Social Media as a Channel of Constructive Dialogue for Tourism Businesses
Authors: Sotiriadis Marios D.
Published: June 2017

The main aim of this article is to examine and suggest the ways in which tourism businesses could take advantage of Social Media (SM) as a channel of interactive communication and constructive dialogue with customers. More specifically, it examines the potential contribution and possible uses of SM by tourism providers in acquiring customer feedback. It is based on extensive reviews of literature and business reports. It takes a strategic and operational marketing perspective to analyze the potential contribution of SM from the point of view of tourism providers. SM are regarded as a source of, and medium for, interactive communication with customers.
The Fundamentals of Human-Computer Interaction
Authors: Kasemsap Kijpokin
Published: June 2017

This article explains the overview of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI); cognitive models, socio-organizational issues, and stakeholder requirements; HCI and hand gesture recognition; and the multifaceted applications of HCI. HCI is a sociotechnological discipline whose goal is to bring the power of computers and communication systems to people in ways and forms that are both accessible and useful in the effective manner. HCI plays an important role in identifying the environmental and social issues which can affect the use of systems, and providing techniques to ensure the design of the system will be usable, effective, and safe. HCI draws on computer science, computer and communications engineering, graphic design, management, psychology, and sociology as it tries to make computer and communications systems ever more usable in executing tasks. HCI is an important consideration for any business that uses computers in their everyday operation.
Promoting Strategic Human Resource Management, Organizational Learning, and Knowledge Management in Modern Organizations
Authors: Kasemsap Kijpokin
Published: June 2017

This article describes the concept of strategic human resource management (SHRM); the concept of electronic human resource management (e-HRM); the importance of SHRM in modern organizations; and the current trends of organizational learning and knowledge management (KM) in modern organizations. SHRM is the strategic practice of attracting, developing, rewarding, and retaining employees with the important goal of increasing various benefits to both employees as individuals and organization as a whole. SHRM strategically utilizes organizational resources and talent within HR functions to make organizations more effective in the modern workforce. Organizational learning and KM allow for organizational employees to share knowledge and learn exactly what is relevant to their specific tasks toward encouraging human capital and knowledge creation. The article argues that promoting SHRM, organizational learning, and KM has the potential to enhance organizational performance and achieve strategic goals in modern organizations.
Business Model Innovation-Oriented Technology Management for Emergent Technologies
Authors: Seidenstricker Sven , Antonino Ardilio
Published: June 2017

The diffusion of new technologies into the market challenges technology management in research and practice. Technology commercialisation and detecting markets at an early stage of technology development have been considered in the research on technology management in recent years; however, all technologies, when it comes to the market, need to be embedded in sustainable business models. The research and concepts of business model innovations might offer support to identify market gaps which fit emerging technology and define requirements for its development; hence, the diffusion rate for new technology, as well as its scope for competitive advantage, can be increased. This paper elaborates three main steps for developing new business models for emergent technologies through the management of technologies and influencing their development at an early stage.
Computer-Assisted Parallel Program Generation
Authors: Kawata Shigeo
Published: June 2017

Parallel computation is widely employed in scientific researches, engineering activities and product development. Parallel program writing itself is not always a simple task depending on problems solved. Large-scale scientific computing, huge data analyses and precise visualizations, for example, would require parallel computations, and the parallel computing needs the parallelization techniques. In this Chapter a parallel program generation support is discussed, and a computer-assisted parallel program generation system P-NCAS is introduced. Computer assisted problem solving is one of key methods to promote innovations in science and engineering, and contributes to enrich our society and our life toward a programming-free environment in computing science. Problem solving environments (PSE) research activities had started to enhance the programming power in 1970's. The P-NCAS is one of the PSEs; The PSE concept provides an integrated human-friendly computational software and hardware system to solve a target class of problems.
Logic Programming for Intelligent Systems
Authors: Jones James D.
Published: June 2017

In what seem to be never-ending quests for automation, integration, seamlessness, new genres of applications, and “smart systems”, all of which are fueled in part by technological changes, intellectual maturity (or so one thinks), and out-of-the-box thinking that says “surely, there must be a better way”, one dreams of a future. This paper suggests that logic programs employing recent advances in semantics and in knowledge representation formalisms provide a more robust framework in which to develop very intelligent systems in any domain of knowledge or application. The author has performed work applying this paradigm and these reasoning formalisms in the areas of financial applications, security applications, and enterprise information systems.
Methods for Improving Alias Rejections in Comb Filters
Authors: Dolecek Gordana Jovanovic
Published: June 2017

Downsampling is the process of decreasing the sampling rate of signal by an integer. This process may introduce the unwanted spectrum replica called aliasing. To avoid aliasing the signal must be filtered by decimation filter prior downsampling. Decimation consists of filtering and downsampling. The most simple decimation filter is comb filter usually used in the first stage of decimation. However, comb filter does not provide a good aliasing rejection. This paper presents the methods for improving alias rejection of comb filters. The methods are based on comb zero rotation, cosine filters, Chebyshev polynomials, and cascade of combs with different parameters.
Performance Measurement of Technology Ventures by Science and Technology Institutions
Authors: Ng Artie W. , Cheung Benny C. F. , Ng Peggy M. L.
Published: June 2017

Science and technology institutions are established by governments to promote advancement of science and technology in support of their social economic developments. The purpose of this study is to deliberate a framework for monitoring and assessment of technology ventures exploiting disruptive technologies from the standpoint of a science and technology institution. This framework harnessing both internal resources and externalities aims to enhance the role of institutional stakeholders in governing and nurturing technology ventures. This approach stresses the dynamics between resource management and the external landscapes as critical considerations in performance measurement and management of technology ventures. Such dynamic interaction between a science and technology institution and a cluster of technology ventures under its supervision is expected to evolve over time with frequent reassessments of its technology foresight.
Understanding and Assessing Quality of Models and Modeling Languages
Authors: Krogstie John
Published: June 2017

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Ethical Computing Continues From Problem to Solution
Authors: Lee Wanbil William
Published: June 2017

Ethical Computing is instrumental in identifying and reaching a near-ideal solution to the problems arising from an environment that is technology-driven information-intensive. Many of these problems could have been avoided, occur, because we are either insensitive to or ignorant of their ethical implications. As a result, we could reach only a partial, compromised solution at best. An ideal solution is expected to be technically efficient, financially viable and legal admissible, ethically acceptable, socially desirable, and in many situations environmentally-friendly (the so-called hexa-dimension criteria), and balanced in terms the six criteria or five criteria (in case the problem does not involve ecological concerns). An exposition of an ideal solution in terms of the requisite competence and the additive is presented.
Security of Identity-Based Encryption Algorithms
Authors: Balasubramanian Kannan , Rajakani M.
Published: June 2017

The concept of Identity Based Cryptography introduced the idea of using arbitrary strings such as e-mail addresses and IP Addresses to form public keys with the corresponding private keys being created by the Trusted Authority(TA) who is in possession of a system-wide master secret. Then a party, Alice who wants to send encrypted communication to Bob need only Bob's identifier and the system-wide public parameters. Thus the receiver is able to choose and manipulate the public key of the intended recipient which has a number of advantages. While IBC removes the problem of trust in the public key, it introduces trust in the TA. As the TA uses the system-wide master secret to compute private keys for users in the system, it can effectively recompute a private key for any arbitrary string without having to archive private keys. This greatly simplifies key management as the TA simply needs to protect its master secret.
Word Formation Study in Developing Naming Guidelines in the Translation of English Medical Terms Into Persian
Authors: Zeinali Ali Akbar
Published: June 2017

Lack of appropriate equivalences for terms or technical words is the result of ineffective translation guidelines adopted in the translation process. This study provides a comparative analysis of the characteristics of Persian medical terms, using the universal naming guidelines and local naming principles in Persian. The aim of the study is to determine the similarities and differences of the compatible and incompatible terms (Persian equivalents) with respect to the applied translation procedures and the employed word formation processes. The descriptive statistics and qualitative analysis were employed to analyse the collected data which consisted of a population of 339 English medical terms and their pairs in Persian. The research was based on two theoretical frameworks, namely Sager's naming criteria and word designation principles by the Persian Language and Literature Academy to investigate the effective translation procedures and word formation parameters for the translation of English medical terms into Persian through morphosemantic comparison of the terms.
Mission, Tools, and Ongoing Developments in the So.Re.Com. “A.S. de Rosa” @-library
Authors: Silvana de Rosa Annamaria
Published: June 2017

The goal of this contribution is to present background, mission, ongoing developments and future research directions of the So.Re.Com. “A.S. de Rosa” @-library: a digital platform integrating scientific documentation, networking and training purposes in the field of Social Representations and Communication (So.Re.Com.). It is built on an on-going multi-year project aimed at an empirical meta-theoretical analysis of the whole literature on Social Representations. Guided by the main goal of evaluating the impact of the scientific production driven by the Social Representations theory in the social arena faced with social demand, the aim is to take stock of the scientific field developed in more than 50 years by conducting an empirical meta-theoretical analysis of the literature on Social Representations, mapping the development of different paradigms, the related research methods, the thematic areas and their impact on the various applied fields within the multi-generational community of scientists and across different geo-cultural contexts.
Web 2.0 From Evolution to Revolutionary Impact in Library and Information Centers
Authors: Wani Zahid Ashraf , Zainab Tazeem , Hussain Shabir
Published: June 2017

A key element of the technology is that it allows people to create, share, collaborate & communicate. The Web 2.0 differs from ordinary websites as it does not require any web design or publishing skills to participate, making it easy for people to create and publish or communicate their work to the world. The nature of this technology makes it an easy and popular way to communicate information to either a select group of people or to a much wider audience. The Web 2.0 paradigm has gained substantial momentum in the last decade. The influence of Web 2.0 principles and technologies has fuelled an explosion of information and media content on the Web, and individual and corporate adoption of the technologies continues to rise. In this milieu it is imperative to understand and learn about the present and evolving web 2.0 tools and their application in different walks of life. The proposed study made an endeavour to dig deep into the genesis, development and application of various Web 2.0 tools in library and information science.
From Business-to-Business Software Startup to SAP's Acquisition
Authors: Wang John , Hsu Jeffrey , Jaume Sylvain
Published: June 2017

Through its cloud-based source-to-pay business network, SAP Ariba provides an integrated platform and interface to help companies manage their supply chain. In this chapter, we examine how Ariba, a small startup company formed during the Internet boom of the 90s, was able to overcome hardships, survive market and industry downturns, and continue to thrive and survive in such a competitive industry. We will also review major events, innovations, and decisions that helped the company to grow and succeed rather than to fail like its many competitors.
An Integrated Approach to Supply Chain Simulation
Authors: Stefanovic Nenad , Radenkovic Bozidar
Published: June 2017

Simulation can be a valuable tool for supply chain analysis, planning, optimization, evaluation, and risk management. Computer simulation and simulation models can be used to model intricate supply chains close to real systems, execute those models, and observe system behavior. This paper deals with supply chain modeling and simulation. It starts with rationale for supply chain simulation, its advantages and benefits. The paper gives a systematic background research and literature overview related to supply chain simulation with insights into the main simulation approaches and methods. Next, supply chain modeling and simulation methodology is described. It introduces supply chain Metamodel which enables modeling of both supply chain structure and dynamics. The main components like model database, process library, knowledge base, and execution engine are also described. The examples of various simulation scenarios are presented. Finally, the paper gives the main future research directions and concludes with a brief discussion of supply chain simulation importance and applications.
Latest Advances on Benders Decomposition
Authors: Fragkogios Antonios , Saharidis Georgios K. D.
Published: June 2017

Operations Research and Mathematical Programming together with Information Science and Technology are tools used to solve various problems in the modern economic environment. This chapter addresses the Benders Decomposition method, which is used for the solution of problems of Operations Research. This method, applied to certain large-scale mathematical problems, can make their solution feasible (if they cannot be solved with another procedure) or can accelerate the solution process in terms of CPU time. The authors provide a thorough presentation of how the decomposition of a problem is made and the Benders algorithm is applied for its solution. Main purpose of this chapter is to analyze the recent studies that address the method's weaknesses and accelerate its application for the faster solution of mathematical problems. A large number of papers is presented and the contribution of each one of them to the improvement of the method is described.
Samsung Company and an Analysis of Supplier-Side Supply Chain Management and IT Applications
Authors: Smith-Ditizio Amber A. , Smith Alan D.
Published: June 2017

This chapter details the growth of Samsung Electronics Company in its innovative use of automatic identification and data capture technologies in managing supply chain relationships meet goals of operational efficiency and profitably. Through a combination of web and business literature sources and personal interviews, documentation of the company's successfully implemented supply chain management (SCM) applications as well as technological advancements and development are found in the chapter. SCM systems and IT applications documented at Samsung are designed to help provide assistance to other companies dealing with similar issues.
The Measurement and Recognition of Intellectual Capital in the Process of Accounting Convergence Trends and Patterns
Authors: Oncioiu Ionica
Published: June 2017

The value of intellectual capital has been the main focus in the debates between international professionals and business world for many decades. Today, this concept interferes with the international process of assessment, but also with the convergence of accounting. However, it is more likely for a certain period of time to develop both paradigms in parallel and then become convergent, thus solving the paradox of intangible asset valuation. Another challenge would be to extend and adapt this research to the specifics of different national economic systems, to generalize the relationship between intellectual capital and company performance and other countries and industries. This chapter analyses the answer of the questions regarding recogmition, presentation and evaluation of intellectual capital, and also various controversial issues of this concept, as it is presented in the current project of the IASB and FASB.
Project Control Using a Bayesian Approach
Authors: Caron Franco
Published: June 2017

The capability to elaborate a reliable estimate at completion for a project since the early stage of project execution is the prerequisite in order to provide an effective project control. The non-repetitive and uncertain nature of projects and the involvement of multiple stakeholder increase project complexity and raise the need to exploit all the available knowledge sources in order to improve the forecasting process. Therefore, drawing on a set of case studies, this paper proposes a Bayesian approach to support the elaboration of the estimate at completion in those industrial fields where projects are denoted by a high level of uncertainty and complexity. The Bayesian approach allows to integrate experts' opinions, data records related to past projects and data related to the performance of the ongoing project. Data from past projects are selected through a similarity analysis. The proposed approach shows a higher accuracy in comparison with the traditional formulas typical of the Earned Value Management (EVM) methodology.
Social Media Use and Customer Engagement
Authors: Garrido-Moreno Aurora , Lockett Nigel , García-Morales Víctor
Published: June 2017

Social Media has totally changed the way companies relate to the market, opening a vast array of new opportunities for firms to reinvent customer interactions. The strategic use of platforms like Facebook, Twitter or Youtube can facilitate business transformation, improving the management of customer relationships, brand image, and enhancing customer retention. Although research on Social Media has greatly evolved in recent years, there is still some skepticism regarding the real value it can create for firms. To shed light on the topic, drawing on a sample of 212 Spanish hotels, the present chapter examines what are the main Social Media tools used in this sector and what is the impact of using these platforms in promoting Customer Engagement behaviors. The study offers relevant implications for theory and practice.
Use of Technology in Problem-Based Learning in Health Science
Authors: Singh Indu , Kundur Avinash Reddy , Nguy Yun-Mi
Published: June 2017

Recent advances in the field of digital technology have had a significant role in changing the concept of learning and teaching for both students and teachers. These developments have enabled educational systems to move from their traditional classroom based teaching models to a more enhanced blended/E-learning approach including an array of electronic learning tools such as digital microscopy, electronic cell counter, 3D-virtual reality and demonstration videos. An integration of these digital tools along with contemporary face to face teaching can significantly improve student learning outcomes and provide convenient and flexible access to education and training. This model demonstrated a positive impact on laboratory based courses such as Laboratory Medicine at Griffith University. The objective of this article is to highlight the impact and advantages of this particular model from the student and teacher based perspective. This article will also discuss some of the challenges of implementing this mode of teaching and provide future directions.
Neuroscience Technology and Interfaces for Speech, Language, and Musical Communication
Authors: Politis Dionysios , Tsalighopoulos Miltiadis , Kyriafinis Georgios
Published: June 2017

Medical practice is extensively using monitoring devices that are more or less invasive and immersive. For aural and oral communication these could be hearing aids, prosthetics, cochlear implants or goggles detecting vestibular effects and vertigo. Recently, a wide variety of trendy mobile or wearable devices has been offered to the general public, provoking a frenzy for augmentation alongside the great expectations that the popularization of Brain Computer Interfaces has caused to both the consumer market and the scientific community. The use of bionic devices clinched with synapses of the nerves does not merely mingle input activity to brain activity, but also it provides a virtual channel for augmenting and manipulating speech communication, language communication and even further musical communication. The electromechanical parameters, the medical practices and the learning potential for this new world of augmented Human Computer Interaction platforms and devices are examined under the prism of audio communication.
Social Telerehabilitation
Authors: Marzano Gilberto
Published: June 2017

Social telerehabilitation, which focuses on solving limitations and social issues associated with health conditions, represents a further specialization in telerehabilitation. Both telerehabilitation and social telerehabilitation are grounded in the delivery of rehabilitation services through telecommunication networks, especially by means of the Internet. Essentially, telerehabilitation comprises methods of delivering rehabilitation services using ICT to minimize the barriers of distance, time, and cost. One can define social telerehabilitation as being the application of ICT to provide equitable access to social rehabilitation services, at a distance, to individuals who are geographically remote, and to those who are physically and economically disadvantaged.
Comb Filters Characteristics and Current Applications
Authors: Cruz-Jimenez Miriam Guadalupe , Romero David Ernesto Troncoso , Dolecek Gordana Jovanovic
Published: June 2017

The comb filter is a very popular linear-phase filter due its simplicity, i.e. all its coefficients are equal to unity. As a consequence, it does not require multipliers or coefficients storage. This characteristic makes this filter attractive for many applications, as for example, in decimation, communications, digital audio, among others. However, the comb filter presents passband droop and a poor attenuation in the stopband region. In this proposal, the comb filter characteristics are reviewed and illustrated with one example. Additionally, the selected methods commonly used to improve the magnitude characteristics of a comb filter will be described and illustrated with examples.
Enhancing the Mobile User Experience Through Colored Contrasts
Authors: Pelet Jean-Éric , Taieb Basma
Published: June 2017

This study examines the effects of the mobile-phone website colored contrasts and the affective states of the consumer (emotions and moods) and trust respectively on intention to revisit, buy on and recommend the mobile website. For this purpose, a factorial plan 2x2 was developed and a mobile website, with two different alternatives, was designed especially for the experiment: positive contrast (yellow text on green background) and negative contrast (green text on yellow background). The research was conducted on French consumers. 312 valid responses were collected through online and personal survey questionnaires. Data was analysed using the method of structural equations. The results show the significant effects of mobile website's color contrast on behavioral intentions. Perceived dominance and trust towards the website have positive effects on behavioral intentions, whereas mood has non-significant effects on behavioral intentions. Managerial implications are discussed.
Health Wearables Turn to Fashion
Authors: Spaanenburg Lambert
Published: June 2017

Microelectronics is shrinking health equipment in size, cost and operability, thereby moving it from the medical to the consumer market. A typical example is the oximeter. Originally, it was the bulky helper of the anesthetist in the operating theatre, but gradually it has become a routine check for hospital admittance and is rapidly shaped as a simple consumer item, similar to a smart thermometer. The success is inspiring for more. A variety of sensor types are being experimented with to capture the vital data for health in general, and fitness in particular. Accessories are placed in, on and around the body and together with the smartphone they are rapidly becoming part of a ‘fashion statement'. Some sensors are integrated into a single product; some are wireless connected to one or more wearables to provide extensive services.
The Impact of Mobile Phones on Plastic Surgery and Burn Management
Authors: Giaquinto-Cilliers Maria , Potgieter Tertius N. , Steyn Gert
Published: June 2017

Mobile phones have progressively become an inseparable partner to plastic surgeons in their clinical practice. From using the mobile phone camera to take pictures of injuries and sending those for instant advice, to searching for the best evidence articles in peer review journals, mobile phones have changed the plastic surgeons' approach on the best way to manage their patients. The availability of information in mobile technology has allowed a growing market for education tools for plastic surgeons and patients, and the use of social media for marketing purposes. With the increased availability of smartphone applications, these devices have become an invaluable tool for the modern plastic surgeon.
Group Synchronization for Multimedia Systems
Authors: Kanellopoulos Dimitris N.
Published: June 2017

Group or inter-destination media synchronization (IDMS) addresses the presentation of a stream at all the receivers of a group, simultaneously. To ensure synchronized delivery of multimedia information, intelligent synchronization protocols/techniques are required. This article illustrates various issues on intra- and inter-media synchronization and presents the basic schemes for inter-destination media synchronization (IDMS). It presents in short IDMS standardization efforts and novel solutions for new multimedia applications. Finally, it outlines future research directions for multimedia group synchronization.
Throughput Dependence on SNR in IEEE802.11 WLAN Systems
Authors: Oghogho Ikponmwosa
Published: June 2017

This chapter seeks to present the dependence of Throughput on Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) in IEEE802.11 WLAN Systems. High throughput and low delays are presented as the requirements for indicating good performance of WLAN systems. The multiple communication data rates specified by the physical layer of IEEE802.11 WLANs which vary depending on the SNR observed is shown to appreciably influence the throughput experienced by the users. Cross layer modelling principles which simplifies the process of estimating the dependence of throughput on SNR is presented. Recent research findings which apply cross layer modelling principles to model the dependence of throughput on SNR only is presented along with future research directions.
Applications of Artificial Neural Networks in Economics and Finance
Authors: Mihaylova Iva
Published: June 2017

Artificial neural Networks (ANNs) are a powerful technique for multivariate dependence analysis. Originally inspired by neuroscience, ANNs are becoming an increasingly attractive analytic tool for applications in the area of economics and finance due to the flexible solutions they offer. The purpose of this article is to present such important applications with an emphasis on recent research trends. The contributions are grouped as follows: ANNs (1) for prediction, (2) for classification and (3) for modelling. The chapter concludes with the future trends in the ANNs research in economics and finance.
Recurrent Neural Networks for Predicting Mobile Device State
Authors: Rodriguez Juan Manuel , Zunino Alejandro , Tommasel Antonela , Mateos Cristian
Published: June 2017

Nowadays, mobile devices are ubiquitous in modern life as they allow users to perform virtually any task, from checking e-mails to playing video games. However, many of these operations are conditioned by the state of mobile devices. Therefore, knowing the current state of mobile devices and predicting their future states is a crucial issue in different domains, such as context-aware applications or ad-hoc networking. Several authors have proposed to use different machine learning methods for predicting some aspect of mobile devices' future states. This work aims at predicting mobile devices' battery charge, whether it is plugged to A/C, and screen and WiFi state. To fulfil this goal, the current state of a mobile device can be regarded as the consequence of the previous sequence of states, meaning that future states can be predicted by known previous ones. This work focuses on using Recurrent Neural Networks for predicting future states.
Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETDs)
Authors: Hartsock Ralph , Alemneh Daniel G.
Published: June 2017

Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETDs) have been a recent addition to the library's online access system, or digital project. This chapter traces the history of dissertations, from their printed form and issuance in microform by various agencies. It examines the changes in textual content and its presentation from the pre-digital to digitized documents, and the relation to software developed for music and other fields. It then examines the evolution of audio and video formats for the accompanying materials, particularly in the performing arts, and the content of these materials. It concludes with issues in ETDs Management and Ensuring Long-Term Access and Preservation, such as digital quality and copyright.
Research Methodology
Authors: Jagdale Swati C. , Hude Rahul U. , Chabukswar Aniruddha R.
Published: June 2017

Research is a logical and systematic approach to investigate or finding solutions to scientific and social problems. The research is primarily carried out to discover new facts, to verify and test important facts, to analyze an event or process. Research is carried out with the help of study, experiment, observation, analysis, comparison and reasoning. Research is important both in scientific and nonscientific fields. There are two types of research basic and applied. Basic research is an investigation on basic principles and reasons for occurrence of a particular event or process or phenomenon. Applied research one solves certain problems employing well known and accepted theories and principles. Research process carried out through series of steps. Research methods are the various procedures, schemes and algorithms used in research. Research methodology is a systematic way to solve a problem. It is a science of studying how research is to be carried out.
Fuzzy Logic Approach in Risk Assessment
Authors: Karahan Çetin , Güzeldereli Esra Ayça , Tüfekci Aslıhan
Published: June 2017

Risk is the likelihood of occurrence of any event that may obstruct the ability of organizations to achieve their strategic, financial and operational goals. It is of profound importance for the business management to detect risks and determine appropriate actions against in time. Risk assessment is a continuous and recursive process aimed at maximization of the use of opportunities while minimizing threats. There is a tendency in the field of risk assessment to prefer more quantitative methods to reduce unclarity. One such method is fuzzy logic. This study investigates fuzzy logic as an alternative to the classical methods that have been used for the purposes of risk assessment, which plays a crucial role in business action plans. Due to its similarity to the process of human reasoning and its success in cases of unclarity, fuzzy logic offers a number of advantages in this regard.
Stress Testing Corporations and Municipalities and Supply Chains
Authors: Wolf Frank
Published: June 2017

In this paper the authors address a very real issue of current business life, and that is the prediction- and prevention of corporate- and municipal insolvencies and bankruptcies. The concept of stress testing banks for capital sufficiency under conditions of plausible risks is by now an accepted governmental mandate. Stress testing corporations and municipalities, however is relatively new. The authors present a process for both corporate and municipal stress testing together with a review of legal considerations. Over time it is expected that stress testing corporations and municipalities will become as routine as an annual visit to the family physician. This chapter is designed to establish the ground work for stress testing corporations and municipalities, including supply chains and not-for-profit organizations. This discussion applies equally well to global supply chains.
State of the Art and Key Design Challenges of Telesurgical Robotics
Authors: Nisar Sajid , Hasan Osman
Published: June 2017

Telesurgical robotic systems allow surgeons to perform surgical operations from remote locations with enhanced comfort and dexterity. Introduction of robotic technology has revolutionized operation theaters but it's multidisciplinary nature and high associated costs pose significant challenges. This chapter provides a comprehensive survey of the current progress in the field of surgical robotics with a detailed discussion on various state-of-the-art telesurgical robotic systems. The key design approaches and challenges are identified and their solutions are recommended. A set of parameters that can be used to assess usefulness of a telesurgical robot are discussed. Finally, guidelines for selection of a suitable surgical system and the future research directions are described.
Classification of Traffic Events Notified in Social Networks' Texts
Authors: Saldana-Perez Ana Maria Magdalena , Moreno-Ibarra Marco Antonio , Torres-Ruiz Miguel Jesus
Published: June 2017

It is interesting to exploit the user generated content (UGC), and to use it with a view to infer new data; volunteered geographic information (VGI) is a concept derived from UGC, which main importance lies in its continuously updated data. The present approach tries to explode the use of VGI, by collecting data from a social network and a RSS service; the short texts collected from the social network are written in Spanish language; a text mining and a recovery information processes are applied over the data, in order to remove special characters on text, and to extract relevant information about the traffic events on the study area, then data are geocoded. The texts are classified by using a machine learning algorithm into five classes, each of them represents a specific traffic event or situation.
The Internet Behavior of Older Adults
Authors: Mazur Elizabeth , Signorella Margaret L. , Hough Michelle
Published: June 2017

Older adults are increasingly joining younger ones in using the Internet, including social media, although use decreases with age, especially after age 74. Most older adults who become first-time Internet users are enthusiastic users, frequently going online. Barriers to their use of the Internet remain, such as physical and cognitive limitations. Attitudinal barriers may exist, but it is unclear whether these result from lack of experience or aging. Marketing research has found that older persons are less likely to engage in on-line purchasing. Research still has not clarified whether the ongoing pace of change in technology, along with changes associated with aging, may mean that there will always be fewer older than younger adults using the newest technologies. However, as current Internet users age into the senior population, they are likely to maintain positive attitudes towards technology and continue frequent use, which the research suggests may benefit mental health and social relationships.
Issues and Challenges in Enterprise Social Media
Authors: Kaur Sarabjot , Misra Subhas Chandra
Published: June 2017

Contemporary organizations face the challenge of collaboration among the widely dispersed workforce. Information technology is an enabler and a facilitator of organizational processes. One such application of information technology is Enterprise Social Media (ESM) platform which serves as an effective medium for organizational communication and exchange of ideas among peers in a workplace. The article describes the structural and functional aspects of ESM with a focus on knowledge sharing activities supported by its usage. Issues and challenges in respect of its design and adoption have been discussed.
Manufacturing vs. Services and the Role of Information Technology
Authors: Adhikari Arnab , Ganguly Shromona
Published: June 2017

The role of information technology is often debated in the context of economic development of the developing countries. In order to understand the role technology plays in the structural change of the economy, the chapter analyses the case of India, which, according to many researchers has experienced an “idiosyncratic” pattern of structural changes since its independence compared to many countries. This is evident from the fact that growth of Indian economy has been driven by the services sector rather than manufacturing which prompted many researches to conclude that India has leapfrogged the phase of industrialization. This chapter examines the impact of services-led growth and the role of Information Technology in India through a comparative analysis of manufacturing versus services in export performance and employment scenario. The study concludes that the India needs a more broad based policy of technology adoption, not only to sustain its services led growth but also to boost its manufacturing sector as well as make the economic development more inclusive.
The Potential Role of the Software Industry in Supporting Economic Development
Authors: Kamel Sherif H.
Published: June 2017

Emerging information technologies provide a solid and promising platform to support economic development. In that respect, the information and communication technology sector has been one of Egypt's strongest economic sectors with increasing prospects for job creation, productivity, scalability, impact and growth. One of the subsets of ICT, the software industry, is gradually becoming more visible, stronger and mature in terms of output and impact both locally and beyond. Software is arguably the best entry platform for developing nations, like Egypt, into the global ICT production complex. Local companies and startups in the software development space have started their operations over the last decade trying to capture a segment of the regional and global market opportunities. This article assesses the developments in the software industry in Egypt and the potential role it can play as a contributor to economic development through the establishment of an export-oriented outsourcing software industry capitalizing on one of Egypt's primary resources, human capital.
Information-Based Revolution in Military Affairs
Authors: Kopec Rafal
Published: June 2017

The subject of the article is the Information-Based Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA). The concept of RMA is identified as a way to increase combat capabilities based on a synergy between three spheres: information acquisition, information processing and transfer, and making use of information in order to enhance firepower. RMA includes following key elements, that is, technological change, doctrinal, strategic, operational and tactical change, and transformation of military organizational structure. Paradoxically, military transformation takes place while the pace of military technology development decreases, which poses a significant inhibitor. Consequently, only the first RMA stage – computerization – might be recognized as a relatively advanced one, whereas its second stage – networking – is far from this level. The paper's aim is to present the RMA concept and its practical application in transformation of military forces. The paper examines also to what extent expectations emerging from RMA have been fulfilled in armed conflicts over the last two decades.