bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REPRESENTATIONS SOCIALES DE LA PEDAGOGIE NUMERIQUE UNIVERSITAIRE EN COTE DIVOIRE : QUELLE STRATEGIE DE PERSUASION DES ETUDIANTS?
Authors:   Maitre-Assistant au Departement des Sciences de lInformationet de la Communication a lUniversite Felix Houphouet-Boigny (RCI)., Marguerite Koffi -DJAH Okon
Published: August 2022

The social representations presented approach digital pedagogy as problematic. This is not to say that the technologies are problematic but rather to recognize that their integration into universities in CÃ´te dIvoire raises questions of primary importance. The study focuses on the reserved or unfavorable opinions of students regarding digital university pedagogy. The approach is to highlight the factors of possible reluctance and to propose remedial measures in order to obtain positive changes in students behaviors in the era of digital university pedagogy. This investigation is part of an empirical-theoretical approach and is based on the critical theories of digital education and on Maio and Olsons (2000) model of behavior change, because, persuasion results from exposure to a communication. The data of the survey is the result of a mixed approach (quantitative method through a questionnaire and qualitative method through focus group) on a total sample of one hundred (100) students from two public universities. The social polemics around the digital pedagogy are translated by reticences related to the digital divide, presuppositions on the university considered as an ideological and hegemonic company.
METAPLASTIC BREAST CANCER: ACASEREPPORT AND LITERATURE REVIEW OF BREAST CARCINOSARCOMA
Authors:   Residentat the Mohammed VI center for the treatment of cancers, pole of gynecologicaloncology IBN ROCHD UniversityHospital Center, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan 2 University Casablanca., Oubid A. , Cherkaoui A. ,   Residentat the Mohammed VI center for the treatment of cancers, pole of gynecologicaloncology IBN ROCHD UniversityHospital Center, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan 2 University Casablanca., Gourja Y. ,   Residentat the Mohammed VI center for the treatment of cancers, pole of gynecologicaloncology IBN ROCHD UniversityHospital Center, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan 2 University Casablanca., Benhassou M. ,   AssociateProfessor in Mohammed VI Center for the Treatment of Cancer, Pole of GynecologicalOncology IBN ROCHD UniversityHospital Center, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan 2 University Casablanca., Ennachit M. ,   AssociateProfessor in Mohammed VI Center for the Treatment of Cancer, Pole of GynecologicalOncology IBN ROCHD UniversityHospital Center, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan 2 University Casablanca., Elkarroumi M. ,   AssociateProfessor, Head of Service of the Mohammed VI Center for the Treatment of Cancer, Pole of GynecologicalOncology IBN ROCHD UniversityHospital Center, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan 2 University Casablanca.
Published: August 2022

Metaplasticbreastcarcinomas are rare tumours. They constitute a heterogeneous group of tumors defined according to the World Health Organization as being an infiltrating ductal carcinoma but comprising areas of metaplastic changes (of squamous cell type, withspindlecells, chondroid and bone or mixed), which vary from a few foci microscopic to complete glandular replacement. The clinical and radiological aspects are not specific.The treatmentismainlysurgical, radiotherapy and chemotherapy retain a considerable place. Hormone therapy has no place. The prognosis is grim. Histopathology combined with immunohistochemistry makes it possible to make a sure diagnosis. We report a rare case of metaplasticcarcinoma in a young patient already treated for bilateral breast carcinoma and through the analysis of data from the literature, we focus on the different aspects of this type of breastcarcinoma.
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CARDIOVASCULAR DYSFUNCTION IN CRITICALLY ILL COVID-19 PATIENTS: A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY
Authors:   Dept. of Anesthesiology, Pain Medicine and Critical Care, AIIMS, New Delhi., Thanjavur Prabhakaran Ajeetviswanath , Ram Ananthakrishnan Karthik ,   Dept. of Anesthesiology, Pain Medicine and Critical Care, AIIMS, New Delhi., Bhattacharjee Sulagna ,   Dept. of Anesthesiology, Pain Medicine and Critical Care, AIIMS, New Delhi., Dev Soni Kapil ,   Dept. of Critical and Intensive Care, JPNA Trauma Centre, AIIMS, New Delhi., Aggarwal Richa ,   Dept. of Critical and Intensive Care, JPNA Trauma Centre, AIIMS, New Delhi., Siddharthan Deepthi ,   Dept. of Cardiology, AIIMS, New Delhi., Trikha Anjan ,   Dept. of Anesthesiology, Pain Medicine and Critical Care, AIIMS, New Delhi.
Published: August 2022

Background:Early reports indicate that cardiac involvement can commonly occur in COVID-19 patients. This prospective observational study aimed to evaluate myocardial dysfunction in critically ill COVID-19 patients. Methods:Forty adult patients with confirmed COVID-19 disease admitted to the intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital were included, following which demographic, baseline laboratory and serial echocardiography was done on days 1, 3, 5 & 7 to assess global or regional wall motion abnormality, left ventricular function [ejection fraction (LVEF), E/e) and right ventricular function [tricuspid annular plane excursion (TAPSE), tricuspid regurgitation (TR) jet)]. Any new onset ECG changes were also noted. Results:Patients (n=40) had median (IQR) age of 51.5 (38.5- 63.5) and median (IQR) SOFA score of 5.5 (5- 7). Median (IQR) P/F ratio of the included patients at the time of recruitment was 250 (180- 300) and median (IQR) Charlsons comorbidity index was 2 (1- 4). Proportion (95% CI) of patients died during hospital stay was 15 (7.1- 29.1) %. We found that, on day 1, 25% patients had mild to moderate LV dysfunction. Although LVEF was statistically higher in patients receiving mechanical ventilation, LVEF, E/e, TAPSE and TR jet did not change significantly from base line till day 7, in both mechanically ventilated and nonventilated patients, or in survivors and non-survivors. However, LVEF correlated with PaO2/FiO2 ratio (P/F) ratio at day 3 (rho= 0.46, p=0.003), 5 (rho= 0.47, p=0.002) and 7 (rho= 0.41, p=0.01), whereas TR jet with correlated inversely wit P/F ratio at day 1 (rho= -0.39, p=0.01) and 3 (rho= -0.39, p=0.01). Conclusion: Our study highlights that although P/F ratio correlated with both left ventricular and right function, the dynamics of both left ventricular and right ventricular function was non- progressive in both mechanically ventilated and as well as spontaneously breathing patients, and similar in both survivors and non survivors.
BRAIN DRAIN IN INDIA
Authors: Jarodiya Himanshu
Published: August 2022

India is the worlds largest source of immigration. Theres a growing sense of dissatisfaction among students that the current Indian education system is inept at preparing them for the challenges of an increasingly globalised world. India has a huge unemployment problem with an unemployment rate of 7.9%. Theres a tough competition for jobs and seats in colleges. Gender and caste discrimination, corruption and other social evils are still prominent. The youth wants to be free from the social norms thrusted upon them by the Indian society. All these factors contribute to the rise in Brain Drain from India.
ASEAN Centrality: Comparative Case Study of Indonesia Leadership
Authors: Indraswari Ratih
Published: August 2022

For almost 60 years of establishment, ASEAN has received praises and disdain from institutional scholars. It is heralded as the only regionalism in Southeast Asia able to manage regional order through its normative power, but also criticized for the same power. ASEAN once again faces a challenge with the looming of Myanmar crisis. The research aimed to find out whether ASEAN Centrality, the primacy of ASEAN in addressing regional issues, is still strong enough amidst the crisis. The research provided an analysis on ASEAN Centrality by adopting an individual-state leadership concept portrayed by Indonesia as a de facto leader of ASEAN. The research methods employed qualitative explorative research by focusing on comparative case studies on the Preah Vihear and Myanmar cases. The research finds that in both cases, ASEAN Centrality prevails. However, its strength varies as Indonesia's leadership depends on mutually inclusive variables. These determining variables are institutional mandates, the domestic interest of followers, and external pressures.
Conflict Potential of the Rohingya People in Bangladesh and Beyond
Authors: Islam MD Rafiqul , Wara Umme
Published: August 2022

The article addresses how Myanmar's Rohingya conflict could generate a potential for conflict within the borders of Bangladesh and beyond. The conflict in Myanmar due to the Rohingyas being deprived of their national citizenship had led to the mass exodus in 2017 to Bangladeshi land and the subsequent conflict in the host place. It was referred to various situations, including disputes, killing, abduction, and tensions between the refuges and host people. Based on existing theories of ‘exporting conflict’ such as displacing conflict and spill over effect of ethnic conflict, the article attempted to show how the Rohingya conflict originated in Myanmar lead to serious conflicts taking place in Bangladesh. The theoretical basis proposed in the article had been supported with reliable secondary sources of information and published expert opinions on the contemporary situation of the temporary Rohingya settlements in Bangladesh with regards to their sheltering, refugee management, and progress towards their repatriation process to Myanmar. The article argued that Myanmar's civil conflict had spilled over into Bangladesh's borders due to a sequence of events starting from when Myanmar's civil conflict erupted from its National Citizenship Act. Findings suggest that the Myanmar conflict has been displaced to Bangladesh through many refugee settlements that puts Bangladesh's population in midst of a host of issues concerning livelihood, safety, and security. This has been done while touching upon Bangladesh's position as a host country to millions of Rohingya refugees and shouldering issues already stemming from the temporary shelter of Rohingya people within its borders.
Analysis of agriculture water pricing reform in a water-deficit area of Northwest China
Authors: Qu Yongyu , Kang Jian , Lin Xichen , Ni Hongzhen , Jiang Yunzhong , Chen Genfa
Published: August 2022

Northwest China frequently experiences significant droughts and water shortages. To better balance the supply and demand, and provide sufficient funds for water resource projects, this study applied a computable general equilibrium model to construct an agricultural water pricing policy model that depends on the crops' economic value and regional water use characteristics. Wuwei City in Gansu Province was used as a case study to test the model. Three agricultural water price increase policies and three supporting subsidy policies were developed. The study quantitatively investigated the impact of these policies on the agricultural economy, water use, and efficiency of water use from different water sources. The results indicated that water pricing reform promotes water conservation and improves water use efficiency. Subsidies can reduce the negative impact of water pricing policies on the agricultural economy. Economic crops (e.g. vegetables) are more sensitive to water prices compared to food crops (e.g. wheat). Finally, to the best of our knowledge, this study provided the best water pricing reform scenario expected to be the most effective for local development.
Determination of mefenamic acid in aqueous solutions using merging zone – continuous flow injection
Authors: Al-Ameer Lubna , Hashim Kadhim K. , Taha Dakhil Nassir
Published: August 2022

This research aims at using a novel algorithm to determine the concentration of mefenamic acid (MA) in solutions using merging zone-continuous flow injection. The MA concentration in aqueous solutions was determined using this technology, and the results obtained using this method were compared to those obtained using more conventional methods. All flow injection analyses were carried out utilizing a Rheodyne valve 7725, a Rabbit peristaltic pump, a BioLogic QuadTec UV-Vis Detector, and a Sartorius CPA2P Competence Analytical Balance, as well as a Sartorius CPA2P Competence Analytical Balance. The data is then received by a signal detector and a specialized software spectrometer. A spectroscopic scan is used to determine the maximum wavelength of the product, a calibration curve is created, and measurements are taken to estimate the drug's absolute concentrations in aqueous solutions. The detection and quantitative limits were set to 0.021 and 0.071 parts per million. This treatment is popular and could be a good alternative to conventional methods because it is simple, rapid, precise, inexpensive, and adaptable.
Cysteine Metabolism in Tumor Redox Homeostasis
Authors: Fan Yanmei , Tan Xiao , Zhao Hongcheng , Tu Xiancong , Liu Xiaowen , Wang Yueqing
Published: August 2022

Cysteine (Cys) is a semi-essential nutrient amino acid that plays an important
role in cells through endogenous production and various transport systems. Intracellular
Cys can be used as a precursor of protein synthesis to maintain cell homeostasis and to
generate sulfur-containing substances, including glutathione (GSH), hydrogen sulfide
(H2S), and taurine. There have been quite a few reports that Cys is related to tumor occurrence
and development, and its level is closely related to tumor proliferation, invasion,
and metastasis. Moreover, it helps in maintaining the tumor redox balance and increasing
drug resistance. This review aims to summarize the production and metabolism of Cys
and its role in tumors, with special emphasis on the potential therapeutic value of Cys in
tumors to improve the quality of life of cancer patients.
Tools in the Era of Multidrug Resistance in Bacteria: Applications for New Antimicrobial
Peptides Discovery
Authors: Moretta Antonio , Scieuzo Carmen , Salvia Rosanna , Popović Željko D. , Sgambato Alessandro , Falabella Patrizia
Published: August 2022

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are small molecules belonging to innate immunity that act against
bacteria, fungi, and viruses. With the spread of bacterial strains resistant to current antibiotics, the scientific
community is deeply committed to the identification and study of new molecules with putative antimicrobial
activity. In this context, AMPs represent a promising alternative to overcome this problem. To date, several
databases have been built up to provide information on the AMPs identified so far and their physico-chemical
properties. Moreover, several tools have been developed and are available online that allow to highlight
sequences with putative antimicrobial activity and predict their biological activity. These tools can also predict
the secondary and tertiary structures of putative AMPs, thus allowing molecular docking studies to evaluate
potential interactions with proteins/ligands. In this paper, we focused our attention on online available AMPs
databases and computational tools for biological activity and tertiary structure prediction, highlighting some
papers in which the computational approach was successfully used. As the identification of peptides starts from
the analysis of a large amount of data, we show that bioinformatics predictions are the best starting point for the
identification of new sequences of interest that can be subsequently produced and tested.
Rapid Chemical Profiling of Compound Huanggen Granules and Absorbed Prototypes
in Cynomolgus Monkey Plasma by Integrating UHPLC-Q-TOF-MSE Method
and Data Post-Processing Strategy
Authors: Wei Wei , Li Siwei , Hao Erwei , Pan Xianglong , Xie Jinling , Du Zhengcai , Hou Xiaotao , Deng Jiagang
Published: August 2022

Aims:

In this study, we aim to establish an integrated research strategy for the rapid chemical profiling of
Compound Huanggen Granules (CHG) and absorbed prototypes in plasma by integrating the UHPLC-Q-TOF-MSE
method and data post-processing strategy, to provide some valuable research basis for the further studies on the
quality control, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of CHG.

Background:

Compound Huanggen Granules (CHG), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) hospital preparation,
has long been used in clinical practice for the prevention and treatment of liver fibrosis. However, due to the lack of
in vitro chemical and in vivo metabolism studies, its pharmacodynamic material basis is still unrevealed.

Objective:

To simplify the mass data post-processing process and enhance the structural identification efficiency by
reducing the possibility of false positive, and rapidly identify the absorbed prototypes in plasma after oral administration
of CHG.

Method:

An analytical strategy integrating ultra high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupletime-
of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MSE, E represents collision energy) method and data postprocessing
strategy based on a self-built in-house components database was established and utilized for the rapid
characterization of the multi-constituents of CHG and prototypes in cynomolgus monkey plasma after oral administration.

Result:

As a result, a total of 81 compounds, including 14 phenolic acids, 6 coumarins, 25 flavonoids, 5 anthraquinones,
5 phenylpropanoids, 15 triterpenoid saponins, and 11 others, were plausibly or unambiguously identified
based on their accurate masses, and MS/MS fragment pathways analysis, and also by comparison of retention time
and MS data with reference standards. In the in vivo study, according to the extracted ion chromatograms (EICs) of
identified components, 34 absorbed prototypical components were rapidly identified in cynomolgus monkey plasma
after oral administration.

Conclusion:

It was demonstrated that the data post-processing strategy applied in this study could greatly simplify
the data post-processing process and enhance the structural identification efficiency by reducing the possibility of
false positives, and the results obtained might be helpful for further studies on the quality control, pharmacokinetics
and pharmacodynamics of CHG.
The Role of NF-κB in Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Han Hua , Dong Peiliang , Liu Kemeng
Published: August 2022

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a threat to human life and physical health worldwide.
Timely reperfusion is very important to limit infarct size and protect ischemic myocardium.
Unfortunately, it has also caused severer myocardial damage, which is called “myocardial ischemia/
reperfusion injury (MIRI)”. There is no effective clinical treatment for it. Over the past two decades,
biological studies of NF-κB have improved the understanding of MIRI. Nuclear Factor-κB
(NF-κB) is a major transcription factor associated with cardiovascular health and disease. It is involved
in the release of pro-inflammatory factors and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. Recent studies
have shown that inhibition of NF-κB plays a protective role in acute hypoxia and reperfusion injury.
Here we review the molecular regulation of NF-κB in MIRI, better understanding of NF-κB signaling
mechanisms related to inflammation and crosstalk with endogenous small molecules. We hope
this review will aid in improving therapeutic approaches to clinical diagnosing. This review provides
evidence for the role of NF-κB in MIRI and supports its use as a therapeutic target.
Protective Effect of Plumeria Pudica Latex Proteins on Intestinal Mucositis
Induced by 5-Fluorouracil
Authors: de Oliveira Jefferson Soares , de Andrade Gabriella Linhares , da Silva Souza Bruna , Araújo Dakson Douglas , de Freitas Cleverson Diniz Teixeira
Published: August 2022

Intestinal mucositis is characterized by inflammation and ulceration of the mucosa that
affects the gastrointestinal tract and is associated with administering some drugs, such as 5-
Fluorouracil (5-FU), conventional chemotherapy used in clinics for cancer therapy. Inside intestinal
mucosa, the 5-FU acts, leading to oxidative stress, stimulating the production/release of proinflammatory
cytokines, local accumulation of neutrophils and consequent tissue damage. These
alterations favor bacterial proliferation, triggering secondary infections, and are responsible for
undesired effects such as myelosuppression and diarrhea. These factors negatively impact oncological
patients' quality of life and explain why they commonly interrupt their treatment prematurely.
Currently, there is no specific drug with the ability to completely avoid this condition, so
the search for new molecules with pharmacological properties that can be used for preventing or
ameliorating intestinal mucositis is important. Plumeria pudica is a plant that produces latexcontaining
molecules with therapeutic potential. A protein fraction obtained from this latex
(LPPp), which comprises a well-defined mixture of chitinases, proteinases proteinase inhibitors,
was demonstrated to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, preserving tissue glutathione
and malondialdehyde concentration, reducing superoxide dismutase and myeloperoxidase
activity, and reducing the level of proinflammatory cytokines in different experimental models.
Given this scenario, inflammation and oxidative stress are directly involved in the pathogenesis of
intestinal mucositis promoted by 5-FU. So, the hypothesis is that LPPp could inhibit these factors
to attenuate the cytotoxicity of this pathology associated with 5-FU-treatment. This article brings
new insights into the potential of the laticifer proteins extracted from the latex of P. pudica and
opens new perspectives for the treatment of this type of intestinal mucositis with LPPp.
Lymphocytic Interstitial Pneumonia Associated with Sjögren Syndrome: Case-Based Review
Authors: de Carvalho Jozélio Freire , Gonçalves Caio Marco , Cordeiro Luísa Rodrigues , de Andrade Carlos Augusto Ferreira
Published: August 2022

Background:

Few studies have described lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia (LIP) in
Sjögren's syndrome (SS). We aimed to analyze the clinical, therapeutic, and outcome of patients
with SS and LIP.

Methods:

We searched for articles in PubMed/MEDLINE, LILACS, SciELO, and Cochrane from
1966 to 2020, in English, Spanish, French, Chinese, and Japanese literature had an English summary
about LIP and SS. The keywords were "Sjögren syndrome" and "Lymphocytic interstitial
pneumonia." Additionally, we report a patient with SS and LIP.

Result:

27 patients with SS and LIP were found. The age range ranged from 14 to 73 years old,
with only 3 male patients, with a predominance of LIP cases in patients with primary SS (22/27). In
the following case, the LIP preceded SS by 2 years; in the other 26 patients, SS preceded it. The
majority presented dyspnea, mainly on exertion, followed by a dry cough. Lung biopsy was performed
in 10 studies. Therapy varied from the use of clinical observation, corticosteroids alone, or
associated with immunosuppressants. Most studies have shown improvement or stabilization of the
pulmonary condition after therapy (13/16 studies).

Conclusion:

This article reviews cases of lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia associated with
Sjögren syndrome and shows a good outcome with adequate treatment. It emphasizes that early LIP
diagnosis in patients with Sjogren Syndrome may be determined using lung computed tomography.
De Novo Vasculitis after COVID-19 Vaccination
Authors: Mao Jianhua , Tang Xiaoxiao , Liu Fei , Li Qiuyu , Fu Haidong , Wang Jingjing
Published: August 2022

Background:

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to spread around the world. Vaccinations have been administered globally and have been proven to be safe and effective. However, vasculitis has been reported as an adverse event occurring after COVID-19 vaccination.

Methods:

In this review, we analyzed the literature to identify original articles that reported on pa-tients who developed vasculitis following COVID-19 vaccination and summarized their clinical manifestations. PubMed and Web of Knowledge were searched to identify relevant studies.

Results:

A total of 27 patients who developed vasculitis following COVID-19 vaccination were identified from 21 studies. The involved organs included the skin and kidney. The main clinical fea-tures of patients whose skin was affected were papules, maculopapular rashes, and plaques. Most of the patients exhibited small vessel vasculitis and single-organ vasculitis; these were resolved within one month. Patients whose kidneys were affected exhibited vasculitis, including anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody glomerulonephritis and IgA nephritis. Most patients were treated with corti-costeroid, rituximab, and cyclophosphamide, and one patient needed hemodialysis. The renal func-tion of most patients was improved or recovered, but one patient needed maintenance dialysis.

Conclusion:

Vasculitis was rarely reported after COVID-19 vaccine administration. It often mani-fested as cutaneous small-vessel vasculitis or glomerulonephritis. Notably, when a patient demon-strates hematuria, proteinuria, and acute kidney injury after COVID-19 vaccination, there is a pos-sibility that the patient could have developed vasculitis. Skin-related problems were quickly re-solved, while kidney-related problems may progress to chronic kidney disease.
Modern Concepts of the Role of Fine Particles (PM 2.5) in the Genesis of
Atherosclerosis and Myocardial Damage: Clinical and Epidemiological
Data, the Main Pathophysiological Mechanisms
Authors: Chaulin Aleksey Michailovich , Sergeev Artem Konstantinovich
Published: August 2022

Due to the fact that atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) dominate in the structure of morbidity, disability and mortality of the population, the study of the risk factors for the development of atherosclerotic CVDs, as well as the study of the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms thereof, is the most important area of scientific research in modern medicine. Understanding these aspects will allow to improve the set of treatment and preventive measures and activities. One of the important risk factors for the development of atherosclerosis, which has been actively studied recently, is air pollution with fine particulate matter (PM 2.5). According to clinical and epidemiological data, the level of air pollution with PM 2.5 exceeds the normative indicators in most regions of the world and is associated with subclinical markers of atherosclerosis and mortality from atherosclerotic CVDs.

The aim:

of this article is to systematize and discuss in detail the role of PM 2.5 in the development of atherosclerosis and myocardial damage with consideration of epidemiological and pathogenetic aspects

Materials and method:

This narrative review is based on the analysis of publications in the Medline, PubMed, and Embase databases. The terms "fine particles" and "PM 2.5" in combination with "pathophysiological mechanisms," "cardiovascular diseases", "atherosclerosis", "cardiac troponins", "myocardial damage" and "myocardial injury" were used to search publications.

Conclusion:

. According to the conducted narrative review, PM 2.5 should be regarded as the significant risk factor for the development of atherosclerotic CVDs. The pro-atherogenic effect of fine particulate matter is based on several basic and closely interrelated pathophysiological mechanisms: endothelial dysfunction, impaired lipid metabolism, increased oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions, impaired functioning of the vegetative nervous system and increased activity of the hemostatic system. In addition, PM 2.5 causes subclinical damage of cardiac muscle cells by several mechanisms: apoptosis, oxidative stress, decreased oxygen delivery due to coronary atherosclerosis and ischemic damage of cardiomyocytes. Highly sensitive cardiac troponins are promising markers for detecting subclinical myocardial damage in people living in polluted regions.
Computational Investigations of Coumarin Derivatives as Cyclindependent Kinase 9 Inhibitors Using 3D-QSAR, Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Authors: Li Yaxin , Liu Sisi , Wei Xilin , Zhang Ran , Zhang Yifan , Guo Chunyan
Published: August 2022

Background:

Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 9 as one of the serine/threonine protein kinases has become an important target for the treatment of cancer especially driven by transcriptional dysregulation.

Objective:

This thesis was conducted to elucidate the structure-activity relationship and interaction mode of coumarin compounds acting on CDK9.

Methods:

Three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR), molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation were conducted to reveal the structural requirements for bioactivities. The 3D-QSAR model was constructed to find the features required for different substituents on the coumarin scaffold. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation were employed to generate the binding mode and stability of CDK9.

Results:

The Q2 and R2 values of the CoMFA model were calculated as 0.52 and 0.999, while those for the CoMSIA model were 0.606 and 0.998. It is believed that the significant statistical parameters of CoMFA and CoMSIA models revealed high activity-descriptor relationship efficiency. Therefore, we considered the 3D-QSAR model to be robust and accurate. The contour maps provided a deep structure-activity relationship and valuable clues for rational modification. Based on the contour maps, 4 novel CDK9 inhibitors which were predicted to have satisfactory pharmacokinetic characteristics were designed and exhibited better-predicted activities. Subsequently, molecular docking was employed to generate the binding mode of CDK9. Furthermore, 50 ns MD simulation was of great help in verifying the accuracy of docking results and the stability of the complexes.

Conclusion:

The study is a valuable insight for further research on novel and effective inhibitors targeting CDK9.
Isoproterenol-induced Upregulation of HPSE Accelerates Triple-negative Breast
Cancer Cell Proliferation and Migration through Enhancing the Transcriptional Activity
of HIF-1α
Authors: Jiang Guoqin , Ni Qichao , Qiu Jian , Shen Zhongyi
Published: August 2022

Backgrounds:

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is considered to be the most malignant subtype of breast cancer (BC). Heparanase (HPSE) has been reported to contribute to tumor development, but its potential function in TNBC is not clear. The intention of this study was to investigate whether HPSE affects TNBC progression and to explore the possible mechanisms.

Methods:

Bioinformatics analyses were applied to analyze the expression of HPSE in TNBC samples and normal breast samples. The mRNA and protein levels of HPSE in TNBC cells were detected by RT-qPCR and western blot. Function assays, including CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay, transwell assay and wound healing assay were conducted to validate the effects of HPSE silencing on TNBC cell proliferation and migration. Mechanism experiments were performed to explore the upstream molecular mechanism of HPSE in TNBC cells.

Results:

Silencing of HPSE suppressed the proliferation and migration of TNBC cells. Moreover, hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) interacted with HPSE promoter and promoted the transcription of HPSE. Isoproterenol (ISO), a pharmacological substitute for chronic stress-induced sympathetic activation, was proven to induce HIF-1α upregulation, so as to transcriptionally activate HPSE in TNBC cells. Furthermore, it manifested that ISO facilitated TNBC cell proliferation and migration in a HPSE-dependent way.

Conclusion:

HPSE activated by ISO-induced HIF-1α promoted TNBC cell proliferation and migration, which might offer a novel sight for TNBC treatment.
functions of context in discourse analysis
Authors: Yang Yang , Hu Rong
Published: August 2022

Context is the environment that forms discourse and is one of the key factors influencing discourse comprehension. Language communication is not conducted in a vacuum but a specific language environment. Context plays a vital role in discourse analysis. This paper investigated the development and categories of context and analyzed the disadvantage of the traditional way of discourse analysis without considering the context. Based on Hu's classification of context, this paper analyzed many discourse examples from textbooks, grammar books, and articles, and concluded the functions of each type of context in discourse analysis. Linguistic context can eliminate ambiguities, indicate the reference of endophora, predict ensuing content, help guess word meaning, and supplement omitted information in discourse analysis. Situational context plays the role of understanding illogical sentences, supplementing omitted information and filling the semantic vacancy, and understanding illocutionary force and reflecting speech acts in discourse analysis. The cultural context has the functions of explaining cultural connotations, filling the semantic vacancy, and building consistency of discourse in discourse analysis. Finally, enlightenment of functions of context in discourse analysis to language teaching and learning is provided.
Islamic Toponyms in Siberia and the Far East
Authors:   Tyumen State University, Yarkov Alexander Pavlovich
Published: August 2022

The article is devoted to the origins of Islamic-sounding names and their coexistence with the official Russian toponymy. The reasons for their emergence may be related to the influence of missionary activities in the Middle Ages, while their disappearance may be explained by the Russifi-cation policy or the atheistic propaganda of the Soviet period. The practice of people's diplomacy associated with centuries of living in the same territory enabled to preserve double / triple names on maps or in the memory of generations. Islamic names in such situations do not reflect religious preferances of present-day inhabitants, they are just traces of old times. The toponymic system is closely connected with anthroponyms. Borrowings from the Arabic language are complemented by archaic names and complex language patterns. Researchers believe that the names and images of heroes in the collective memory mark the milestones of history. Archaic (old Turkic) and Muslim (including Arabic) names coexist in folklore and toponymy. Modern civil society demonstrates a tol-erant attitude towards toponyms with religious origins that came from the past centuries.
Social Background for the Spread of Political Takfiri in Islamic Society
Authors:   Dragomanov National Pedagogical University, Maevskaya Ludmila Borisovna , Muhammad Aga Khaisam
Published: August 2022

The research is devoted to the analysis of the concept of takfir, examining its types and es-tablishing social prerequisites for the spread of political takfirism, which has become an urgent problem due to its close relationship with socio-political and economic factors. The work has indicated the ex-istence of a religiously justified accusation of unbelief, which is designed to contribute to the preservation of authentic Islamic teachings and indicate to believers that certain views are not Islamic and the one who adheres to them is not a Muslim. Special emphasis is placed on studying politically motivated but religiously unfounded accusations of unbelief of their opponents by representatives of various radical groups of the past and present. The main goal is to eliminate competitors on the way to achieving power and simply the desire to take possession of the property of a more successful person. The practice of using takfir by Kharijites, a medieval theologian Ibn Tay-miyah and representatives of modern radical groups has been analyzed separately, the comparison has been made and common and different uses of the concept have been revealed. The spread of this practice in the modern world has been called takfiri and it is closely intertwined with the concept of chain takfiri, when those who refuse to accuse others in disbelief in God are viewed as infidels. In the modern world, that has already led to the spread of various extremist concepts that contradict the Islamic creed and its ethical principles, and the creation of extremist groups whose members are united by practising takfir. The radicality of a particular group is now determined by the level of their requirement for a person to be accused of unbelief and the attitude to jihad. The most radical groups are distinguished by the practice of total accusation of unbelief.
Continuity in the Sufi Traditions of the Yasaviya and Naqshbandiya Tariqas After the 14th Century
Authors:   Kazan State Institute of Culture, Borodovskaya Liliya Zelimkhanovna
Published: August 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of historical evolution of the Yasaviya and Naqshbandiya tariqas in the period after the 14th century in the territory of the Golden Horde. The main purpose of the work is to show the continuity in the spiritual traditions of the two tariqas based on the common origins of silsila. The unity lies not only in common roots, but also in the reliance on the classical Sharia law. Many studies are based on the analysis of the ritual practice of zikr. During the period of the Golden Horde, zikr in both tariqas was carried out in two ways – aloud or silently. The disputes of researchers about the difference in the ritual practice are justified, since in the later period, the followers of Naqshbandiya tended to support the practice of silent zikr. Both Sufi groups had a great influence on the popular culture in the Middle Ages. Through the example of the risolya of Sart artisans, a conclusion is made about the fusion of Sufi mentoring with the folk traditions of the Turks of Central Asia. The author also considers the issue of the emergence of ishanism from the tradition of hereditary shaikhship in Yasaviya and the continuation of this phenomenon in the Naqshbandiya tariqa.
Arabographic Manuscripts on Koranology in the History of Muslim Peoples of the Republik of Bashkortostan
Authors:   Bashkir State University, Salikh Nadir Ramilevich
Published: August 2022

The Republic of Bashkortostan can be considered one of the few subjects of the Russian Federation where Arabographic manuscripts were brought to, copied and written in large numbers by local authors and scribes. At the moment, more than 5,000 copies of Arabographic sources of var-ious subjects and chronology are deposited in various institutions of the republic. This article is de-voted to the comprehension and analysis of the book manuscript heritage of the Muslim peoples of the Southern Urals in the form of Arabographic historical sources mostly related to religious scienc-es. The object of the research are Arabographic manuscripts thematically related to the sections of the Qur’anic sciences and deposited in two academic institutions of Ufa: 1) the Department of Man-uscripts and Rare Editions of Ahmet-Zaki Walidi National Library of the Republic of Bashkortostan (ORRI NB RB). 2) the Department of Rare Books at the Academic Library of the Ufa Federal Re-search Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ORC NB UFIC RAS). As a result of the research of these funds, the most widespread and significant works on Qur’anic studies that have played a certain role in the enlightenment and formation of religious consciousness among the Muslim peo-ples of the Republic of Bashkortostan have been identified. In general, research in this area allows to expand the source base on the history of Islam in Russia.
Religious Resource of Positioning of the President of the Republic of Tatarstan on Instagram Social Media Platform
Authors:   Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mikhaleva Albina Viktorovna
Published: August 2022

The relevance of the research is determined by the increasing role of Internet communica-tion as a marker of political change and the urgent need to understand the place of a new form of political interaction at the elementary level. The article examines the religious aspect of the position-ing of the President of the Republic of Tatarstan (RT) on Instagram social media platform, taking into account the subject and regional presentation. The research is based on network analysis – a contactless method of digital sociology – taking into account the visual and content aspects of the presentation of objects under study. For the analysis, publications from the personal page of Rustam Minnikhanov, President of the Republic of Tatarstan, on Instagram social media platform for the period from January 1, 2020 to March 13, 2022 inclusive, as well as media data were taken. The re-sults of the study demonstrate the importance of a religious resource for the regional positioning of the Republic of Tatarstan. The President of the Republic of Tatarstan aspires to demonstrate the same attitude towards the main confessional communities of the republic, which does not negate the observed Islamization of various spheres of socio-political life. In the near future, religious (in-cluding Islamic) positioning resource of the republic is unlikely to lose its significance. The pro-spects for further development of the situation are determined by internal political processes in the region, the alternation of regional power and global political trends.
The Phenomenon of Martyrdom in Islam
Authors:   Dagestan State University, Yakhyaev Mukhtar Yakhyaevich
Published: August 2022

Despite the importance of martyrdom as a religious driving force, it remains a poorly studied phenomenon both in theology and in academic religious studies, and this is especially true of mar-tyrdom in Islam. The uncritical transfer of Christian understanding of martyrdom to Islam leads many researchers to the depiction of martyrs of faith as martyrs of Islam and, as a result, to declar-ing everyone who meets a painful death in a variety of life circumstances a martyr of jihad, one-sidedly interpreted as a holy war waged by Muslims against the rest of the world. This study shows that, as distinct from Christianity, in the Islamic religion, due to the peculiarities of its doctrine and the specific historical circumstances of its approval and spread, the perception of martyrdom did not develop, and the worship of martyrs does not exist. Moreover, Islamic martyrdom, in a number of its characteristics, differs significantly from the Christian worship of matyrdom established through the centuries when Christianity was a persecuted religion. Islam went through a similar period in a little over a decade and turned into an offensive a religion that requires from its followers not just to passively adapt to circumstances, but to actively promote the values of the new religion around the world. The author also establishes a fundamental incompatibility of the suicidal behavior of terror-ists, declared by individual researchers and religious authorities as martyrs of the faith, with the fun-damental values of Islamic religion.
Qur’anic Verses in the Epigraphy of Dagestan (Based on Arabic Inscriptions in Akhty District)
Authors:   Dagestan State University, Zakariyaev Zamir Shakhbanovich
Published: August 2022

Epigraphic monuments in Arabic are important sources on the history of Islam in Dagestan, which makes the work of identifying, studying and translating inscriptions relevant. The study of the place and role of Qur’anic texts in the structure of the epigraphic monuments of Dagestan is based on the new finds of Arabic inscriptions in Akhty, one of the richest epigraphic districts of Da-gestan. The epigraphy of this highland district was studied by the author over the period of many years of field research aimed at a complete study of the inscriptions of this district. Their analysis showed that passages from the Qur’an were usually included in Arabic inscriptions of various gen-res, including epitaphs, construction and owner inscriptions and other texts. Verses or their chunks from almost thirty different surahs of the Qur’an have been identified.
The Problem of Evil in Islam: Between Theodicy and Anti-Theodicy
Authors:   Dagestan State Medical University, Kafarov Telman Emiralievich
Published: August 2022

The article demonstrates that Islam is far from the extremes of theodicy and anti-theodicy, which equally take God away from responsibility for the existence of evil and suffering in the world. Following Judaism in proclaiming God the primary source of both good and evil, Islam originally rejects theodicy, transferring all responsibility for evil to man, since, in this case, the metric of di-vine omnipotence will be incomplete. The Islamic worldview is not satisfied with all kinds of privat-ization theories that justify the all-goodness of God by the fundamental absence of evil in the world, for a variety of reasons, including the lack of good. Islam is also not a variant of the anti-theodicy, which asserts that monotheism is generally unable to explain the appearance and presence of evil in the world. Therefore, it is necessary to abandon either the symbolism of divine omnipotence, which means a departure from monotheism, or the recognition of the presence of evil and suffering in the world, which is also absurd. This position makes it possible to preserve the foundations of Islamic tawhid and en-dow a person with a certain measure of human responsibility for their intentions and actions. According to the author, the roots of the presence of many confessional, theological and philosophical approaches to understanding the problem of evil in the world lie the misunderstanding of the nuances of distinguishing between the concept as of “original cause” and “cause”, “source” and “original source”, which are meaningless in science, but extremely important for religion and theology. In this way, we emphasize the complex dialectic of the divine and the human in the un-derstanding of evil that exists in Islam, which distinguishes it from classical theodicy and anti-theodicy, common in modern analytical theology.
The Concept of Road in Islam
Authors:   Dagestan State University, Gusenova Djamilya Adamkadievna
Published: August 2022

The article provides a religious and philosophical analysis of the concept of road within the framework of Islamic doctrine. Relying on dogmatic sources (the Qur’an and Hadith), as well as on the three dimensions and characteristics of the concept of road – conceptual, figurative and axyolog-ical ones, the author reveals the content of this phenomenon. The research has shown the presence of spiritual and physical understanding of road or path in the Islamic creed. At the conceptual level and in the spiritual sense, path is interpreted as a vector of spiritual development through religion, as a model of life or a way of life. In its physical meaning, road or path is mentioned when describing significant Quranic events, and as an element of cataphatic practice in Islam. Both these are basic meanings in the axiological and figurative dimensions of the concept of road. In the first case, the phenomenon of road is actualized in some of the practice-transforming components of the Islamic creed. In the second case, it is derived from the religious and philosophical analysis of one of the key works of Jalaladdin Rumi – Poem about the hidden meaning (Masnaviyi ma'navi). Conceptually, fig-urative representations of road/path in this work are also analyzed in the physical, spiritual and eschatological sense.