bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Governance, Institutions and People within the Interface of a Tsunami Early Warning System
Authors: Sakalasuriya Maheshika , Haigh Richard , Hettige Siri , Amaratunga Dilanthi , Basnayake Senaka , Rahayu Harkunti
Published: December 2020

The interface mechanism in a tsunami early warning system (TEWS) occurs between receiving tsunami information at the country level and disseminating warning and evacuation orders to the public. Three crucial actions take place during the interface: issuing the warning, disseminating it, and ordering an evacuation. Using two case studies in Indonesia and Sri Lanka, a study was undertaken to understand the nature of the interface mechanism and the social, cultural and political dynamics of its operationalisation. In this article, a comparative analysis of the two case studies is presented, focusing on the role of governance, institutions and people in this interface. The nature of governance, hierarchies and structures influence the interface mechanism and the associated decision-making mechanisms. The institutions who act as key stakeholders are also shaped by the governance structures and hierarchies within it. The efficiency of the institutions is determined by the nature of their human resources and are affected by political factors. The communities are also affected by the overall governance structure, the political dynamics and the institutional factors. The complex relationships between governance, institutions and officers that exist in the two countries affect the communities in different ways. Yet, the overall governance and institutional dynamics of TEWSs lead to a common thread of decisions and actions when operationalising the interface. The results are presented in a framework that illustrates the complex relationships between governance, institutions, officers and communities. The framework provides a basis for future research on how the interface of TEWS can be operationalised to effectively protect communities at risk from tsunami.
The Legitimacy, Accountability, and Ownership of an Impact-Based Forecasting Model in Disaster Governance
Authors: Bierens Sterre , Boersma Kees , Van den Homberg Marc J. C.
Published: December 2020

The global shift within disaster governance from disaster response to preparedness and risk reduction includes the emergency of novel Early Warning Systems such as impact based forecasting and forecast-based financing. In this new paradigm, funds usually reserved for response can be released before a disaster happens when an impact-based forecast—i.e., the expected humanitarian impact as a result of the forecasted weather—reaches a predefined danger level. The development of these impact-based forecasting models are promising, but they also come with significant implementation challenges. This article presents the data-driven impact-based forecasting model as developed by 510, an initiative of the Netherlands Red Cross. It elaborates on how questions on legitimacy, accountability and ownership influenced the implementation of the model within the Philippines with the Philippine Red Cross and the local government as the main stakeholders. The findings imply that the exchange of knowledge between the designer and manufacturer of impact-based models and the end users of those models fall short if novel Early Warnign Systems are seen as just a matter of technology transfer. Instead the development and implementation of impact based models should be based on mutual understanding of the users’ needs and the developers of such models.
The Сoncept of Self-compassion: a Russian Adaptation of the Scale by Kristin Neff
Authors: Chistopolskaya K.A. , Osin E.N. , Enikolopov S.N. , Nikolaev E.L. , Mysina G.A. , Drovosekov S.E.
Published: December 2020

The article describes a relatively new psychological construct of self-compassion and its relation to another well-known notion, self-esteem. Arguments are presented in favor of the new construct in working with adolescents and patients. According to that, there is a need of an adaptation on a Russian sample of the scale, which measures self-compassion. It was hypothesized that the Self-Compassion Scale by K. Neff will be an appropriate instrument to measure the construct on a Russian sample, as it passed successful adaptation in many other countries. For that purpose the scale was translated, and was then given to students in three Russian cities, along with Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory, Almost Perfect Scale, Experience in Close Relationships – Revised, and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (students were from Moscow, Cheboksary, Kirov, N = 490, 152 males, 337 females, one person undefined, aged 17— 28 (М = 19,3, SD = 1,2)). ESEM showed satisfactory fit of the model with 6 specific factors (subscales) (χ2(184) = 452,074; CFI = 0,956; TLI = 0,923; RMSEA = 0, 055 (0,048; 0,061), SRMR = 0,028). Indices of reliability for the subscales were also satisfactory. Correlations of the subscales with other questionnaires showed good construct validity. Thus, the Russian version of the Self-Compassion Scale by K. Neff can be used in clinical and research purposes on Russian youth samples.
Catching-up effects in the logistics industry and the dynamic linkages with international trade and economic growth: empirical evidence from an international panel dataset
Authors: Katrakylidis Ioannis , Madas Michael
Published: December 2020

We analyze the dynamic linkages among Logistics, Trade and Economic Growth for a panel of 39 countries over the period 2007-2018. In particular, we investigate whether these countries exhibit the tendency to catch up, in terms of logistics performance, with the leader country, using methodologies of “convergence analysis” appropriate for the notions of stochastic convergence and β-convergence and perform Granger-causality tests among a catching up variable (the LPI of each country relative to the LPI of Germany), Trade Openness and economic growth. The findings reveal rather weak evidence of catching-up effects with Germany. As far as causality is concerned, trade and economic growth further enhance the global tendency in logistics performance to catch-up with the dominant Germany while convergence in logistics is found to directly support economic growth but not trade.
Determination of antimicrobial activity of alcohol extractions of bark and buds of Quercus robur L.
Authors: Ryabov Nikolay A. , Kurkin Vladimir A. , Ryzhov Vitaliy M. , Lyamin Artem V. , Zhestkov Alexander V. , Sokhina Anna A.
Published: December 2020

Antimicrobial activity of alcoholic extractions from the aboveground organs like bark and buds of Quercus robur L. was studied. The determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was performed with the use of double serial dilution in broth. The following microorganisms were used as test cultures: Bacillus cereus, Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus. It has been revealed that alcoholic extractions of the bark of Quercus robur have the widest spectrum of antibacterial activity in relation to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. Results of microbiological analysis show that alcoholic extractions from the bark and buds have an antimicrobial effect on all of these strains with a single dilution (except for antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus with 70% extractions of bark of Quercus robur). In particular, relatively high antimicrobial activity was observed in alcoholic extracts of all buds concentrations against Candida albicans at a dilution of 2, 4 and 8 times and Escherichia coli at a dilution of 4, 8 and 16 times. The greatest antimicrobial effect against Pseudomonas aeruginosa has extracts from the bark and buds in all the studied concentrations of alcohol. A significant antimicrobial effect against Escherichia coli has 40% of extractions from the buds of Quercus robur when diluted by 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 and 64 times. The results can be used as justification for the introduction of a new type of raw material that is buds of Quercus robur, as well as drugs based on it in the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation as antibacterial phytopharmaceuticals.
gWFM: A Global Catalog of Moderate-Magnitude Earthquakes Studied Using Teleseismic Body Waves
Authors: Wimpenny Sam , Watson C. Scott
Published: December 2020

We present a compilation of 2131 high-fidelity mechanisms and centroid depths of moderate-magnitude earthquakes derived using synthetic body-waveform modeling (the Global Waveform-Modelled Earthquake Catalog v1.0—gWFM), which can be visualized and downloaded online (see Data and Resources). In this article, we describe the methods used to construct the gWFM and present a comparison between the earthquake depths and focal mechanisms in the gWFM with those derived by the International Seismological Centre, Global Centroid Moment Tensor (Global CMT) project, and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) W-phase, as well as 60 events studied using geodesy. We find that 20%–30% of the earthquakes in routine global catalogs have depths that differ by more than 10 km from those in the gWFM. Shallow-crustal earthquakes of Mw 5–6 are typically the worst located in depth by routine catalogs. Over 90% of the earthquakes in the gWFM are within ±15° in strike, ±5° in dip, and ±15° in rake of the Global CMT and USGS W-phase best double-couple moment tensor solutions. However, the mechanisms of shallow Mw 5–6 earthquakes in the routine catalogs can be inaccurate, due to the well-known insensitivity of long-period surface waves to the vertical dip-slip components of the moment tensor. The gWFM is an archive of well-constrained earthquake source parameters, though it will continue to update as new earthquake mechanisms and depths are published, thereby remaining an up-to-date research tool.
Monitoring Network Changes during the 2018 Kīlauea Volcano Eruption
Authors: Shiro Brian R. , Zoeller Michael H. , Kamibayashi Kevan , Johanson Ingrid A. , Parcheta Carolyn , Patrick Matthew R. , Nadeau Patricia , Lee Lopaka , Miklius Asta
Published: December 2020

In the summer of 2018, Kīlauea Volcano underwent one of its most significant eruptions in the past few hundred years. The volcano’s summit and East Rift Zone magma system partially drained, resulting in a series of occasionally explosive partial caldera collapses, and widespread lava flows in the lower East Rift Zone. The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) operates a robust permanent monitoring network of about 250 stations, recording a variety of real-time data streams: seismic (short-period, broadband, strong-motion), infrasound, Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), tilt, camera, laser rangefinder, and gas geochemistry. During the eruption, HVO staff quickly established 35 new temporary monitoring stations, to better constrain evolving volcanic hazards. The partial collapses of the caldera threatened to disrupt important telemetry links in the HVO monitoring network, and a major effort was undertaken in the midst of the eruption crisis to reroute radio telemetry and maintain continuity of data flow. In the process, a new data center was established in Hilo, to mitigate a long-standing potential single point of failure at the HVO facility. Over the course of the eruption from May through August, lava, ashfall, wildfire, and cliff collapse destroyed or disabled 36 stations. Thousands of earthquakes damaged the main HVO facility at Uēkahuna Bluff, causing staff to evacuate the building and relocate observatory operations in the midst of the eruption response, adding more complexity to the response effort. Throughout these events, the HVO team maintained the monitoring network, provided timely information to the public and emergency managers, and collected valuable scientific data to better understand Kīlauea Volcano.
The 31 March 2020 Mw 6.5 Stanley, Idaho, Earthquake: Seismotectonics and Preliminary Aftershock Analysis
Authors: Liberty Lee M. , Lifton Zachery M. , Dylan Mikesell T.
Published: December 2020

We report on the tectonic framework, seismicity, and aftershock monitoring efforts related to the 31 March 2020 Mw 6.5 Stanley, Idaho, earthquake. The earthquake sequence has produced both strike-slip and dip-slip motion, with minimal surface displacement or damage. The earthquake occurred at the northern limits of the Sawtooth normal fault. This fault separates the Centennial tectonic belt, a zone of active seismicity within the Basin and Range Province, from the Idaho batholith to the west and Challis volcanic belt to the north and east. We show evidence for a potential kinematic link between the northeast-dipping Sawtooth fault and the southwest-dipping Lost River fault. These opposing faults have recorded four of the five M≥6 Idaho earthquakes from the past 76 yr, including 1983 Mw 6.9 Borah Peak and the 1944 M 6.1 and 1945 M 6.0 Seafoam earthquakes. Geological and geophysical data point to possible fault boundary segments driven by pre-existing geologic structures. We suggest that the limits of both the Sawtooth and Lost River faults extend north beyond their mapped extent, are influenced by the relic trans-Challis fault system, and that seismicity within this region will likely continue for the coming years. Ongoing seismic monitoring efforts will lead to an improved understanding of ground shaking potential and active fault characteristics.
Maturity and Well-Being: Consistent Associations Across Samples and Measures
Authors:   Texas A&M University-Commerce, Reysen Stephen , Plante Courtney , Quang Lam Truong ,   Vietnam National University, Kamble Shanmukh ,   Karnatak University, Katzarska-Miller Iva ,   Transylvania University, Assis Natalie ,   Texas A&M University-Commerce, Packard Grace ,   Georgia State University, Moretti Eduardo ,   Instituto de Psicologia e Controle do Stress
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Researchers have noted an association between maturity and well-being. However, this body of research uses different measures and conceptualizations of maturity (e.g., ego development, psychosocial maturity) and often only a few indicators of well-being. In the present research, we examined associations between a single self-rated measure of maturity and a variety of different indicators of well-being. Furthermore, we examined this association across a variety of samples. We hypothesized that maturity will show a positive relationship with measures related to well-being. Methods: Samples of college students (Studies 1, 3, 4), Star Wars fans (Study 2), and individuals in the U.S., Canada, Brazil, Vietnam, and India (Study 5) completed a short measure of maturity and measures related to well-being. Results: Across the studies, self-rated maturity was consistently positively correlated with various indicators of well-being (e.g., psychological, physical) and related constructs (e.g., self-compassion, empathy). Conclusion: The results highlight the association between maturity and well-being. Furthermore, the results address the fragmented nature of this association in the literature by showing consistent relationships with a variety of well-being indicators with a single measure of maturity. Assessments of maturity may be beneficial in hiring decisions and student evaluation in the healthcare profession.
Proportion of Non-Compliance and Factors Affecting It in Children Undergoing Occlusion Therapy for Amblyopia
Authors: Kumar Pravitha M. , Hyder Naina Jabeen , A Shaji , M.S Sunil , P Pappa
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND The term amblyopia literally means dullness of vision. It is defined as unilateral or bilateral reduction of visual acuity due to pattern vision deprivation or abnormal binocular interaction for which no ocular causes can be detected by ocular examination and can be reversed by therapeutic measures. The study was undertaken to estimate the proportion of non-compliance and factors affecting it in children undergoing occlusion therapy for amblyopia. METHODS The study was designed as a hospital based cross sectional study. Children aged 5 - 12 years undergoing occlusion therapy for amblyopia due to strabismus, anisometropia or both, who had been prescribed occlusion for a period of minimum 3 months were included in the study. Children with developmental or neurological disorders and other ocular conditions causing visual impairment, whose parents were not willing to participate in the study or follow up, and uncooperative children were also excluded from the study. RESULTS 52.5 % were non-compliant to occlusion therapy, 31.1 % were partially compliant and only 16.4 % were compliant. 38.5 % had final visual acuity in the range of 6 / 60 - 6 / 24 and 6 / 18 – 6 / 12, 20 % had 6 / 9 - 6 / 6. Different variables were assessed against compliance to check for any association. Significant association was found between compliance to occlusion and socioeconomic status (p = .006), visual acuity at presentation (p = .026), type of amblyopia (p = .038) and final visual acuity (p < .01) and association with educational status were found to be borderline (p = .059). CONCLUSIONS Occlusion therapy for amblyopia is a long drawn process which needs strict compliance and regular follow up. Compliance is a major factor affecting final visual outcome. Poor compliance leads to unsuccessful amblyopia therapy which in turn can have negative impact on child’s learning ability and psychosocial wellbeing. For this reason it is critical that care givers leave the clinic with clear knowledge of how and why patching is being recommended and its importance in improving child’s vision. KEYWORDS Amblyopia, Occlusion, Compliance
A Procedural Reform in Bankruptcy: Extrajudicial Compilation of a Register of Claims
Authors:   Lecturer of the Department of Civil Procedure of the Ural State Law University Lawyer at the Urals Legal Law Firm PhD (Law), Podolskiy Yuriy D.
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to some aspects and problems of reforms in Russian insolvency proceedings these days. Changes are connected with the procedural arrangements of consideration of the crucial detached disputes — disputes over including claims into the list of creditors. The author comes to the conclusion of necessity to honor peculiarities and value of the acts of court as a legal phenomenon whilst changing law.
Class Proceedings and Loss of the Right to a Separate Claim in an Arbitration Procedure
Authors:   Teaching Assistant of the Department of Civil Procedure of the Ural State Law University, Silchenko Vladislav Yu.
Published: December 2020

The article provides an assessment of the reform of group production in the civil process of Russia. The author criticizes the norms of the Arbitration Procedural Code of the Russian Federation, by virtue of which a member of a group who refused to participate in a group proceeding, as well as a third party who claims independent claims regarding the subject of a dispute in a group proceeding, lose the opportunity to go to court with an independent claim at the request with which they could enter into group proceeding.
Availability of Justice and Optimization of Procedure within the Framework of a Procedural Reform (on the Example of Provisions on Terms of Case Review by First Instance Courts)
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil Procedure of the Ural State Law University PhD (Law), Pleshanov Aleksandr G.
Published: December 2020

In this article the author analysis сchanges made to the procedural legislation of Russia as part of the reform 2018 with regard to the ratio of the idea of optimization and the principle of access to justice. The main object of analysis is general terms of consideration of cases in courts of first instance.
Normativity of the Civil Procedure Form in the Post-Reform Civil Procedure Period
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil Procedure of the Ural State Law University PhD (Law), Fetisov Aleksandr K.
Published: December 2020

The article examines the impact of changes in procedural institutions on the procedural form. In the case of gaps, civil procedural relations may arise as factual and then be governed by civil procedural law. Judicial practice is becoming a direct source of such regulation.
On the Department of Administrative Law and Procedure Named after N.G. Salischeva of the Russian State University of Justice
Authors:   Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation Honored Lawyer of the Russian Federation Member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences Rector of the Russian State University of Justice LL.D., Professor, Ershov Valentin V.
Published: December 2020

The article reveals the key stages of the formation of the Department, assesses the results of scientific and pedagogical activities, highlights the main tasks and directions of constitutionalization of teaching administrative law, which are guidelines in the modern development of the Department.
A Classification of Subjects of Proving in Administrative Offence Cases in the Penitentiary System of Russia and the Republic of Belarus
Authors:   Professor of the Department of Administrative and Financial Law of the Academy of the FPS of Russia LL.D., Associate Professor, Ponikarov Vladimir A. , Pavlova Lyudmila V. ,   Leading Research Scientist of Research Center No. 2 of the Federal State Institution Research Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia PhD (Law), Associate Professor
Published: December 2020

The article examines the theoretical aspects of the Institute of proof. The article deals with subjects of proof in cases of administrative offenses in the law enforcement activities of penitentiary institutions and bodies of the criminal Executive system of Russia and the Republic of Belarus. There are various classification (types) groups of subjects of proof. Many aspects aimed at improving the process of proof are formulated.
Balance de la investigación sobre el turismo y las políticas públicas en España e Hispanoamérica
Authors: Garavito González Leonardo , Rozo Edna
Published: December 2020

Este artículo presenta una reflexión sobre el campo de investigación de las políticas turísticas en España e Hispanoamérica. Para esto se analizan 81 artículos de investiga­ción y divulgación publicados entre 2004 y 2016. Por una parte, se presenta un análisis de contenido sobre tres temas: qué es el turismo, qué es una política turística y cuáles son los retos actuales para la investigación en este tema. Por otra parte, con un enfoque cualitativo, se realiza un balance en relación con los países más analizados de la región, los niveles territoriales y los enfoques teóri­cos preponderantes en dichos trabajos. Los principales hallazgos señalan, primero, que una definición económica del turismo y de la política turística continúa siendo predo­minante, en detrimento de su entendimiento como un fenómeno social complejo con variadas dimensiones. Y, segundo, que, a pesar de un interés académico emergente por este campo de estudio, el aporte del análisis de políticas públicas al turismo aún es marginal, por lo tanto, es muy relevante y urgente la profundización de este vínculo ante la importancia creciente del sector turístico en la región.
Plan de Transformación Digital para la Promoción Turística en el Viceministerio de Turismo. Caso de estudio: departamento de Boyacá
Authors: Cabra Salinas Camilo Esteban , Rodríguez Vela Diego Alberto , Castellanos Parra Carlos Javier , Rojas Torres Cesar Ricardo , Forero Reina Cristhiam
Published: December 2020

Este artículo busca divulgar la metodología con la cual se construyó el Plan de Trans­formación Digital de la institución pública del Gobierno colombiano encargada de promover y articular el sector turístico en Colombia, denominada Viceministerio de Turismo. Este Plan se fundamentó en la ar­quitectura de negocio del sector (Kale, 2019) y en los objetivos estratégicos del Plan de Gobierno de Colombia a 2022 (Plan Nacional de Desarrollo) (DNP, 2019) y del Plan Secto­rial de Turismo (MinCIT, 2019). Como caso de estudio se seleccionó el departamento de Boyacá debido a su potencial turístico. En esta región se consultó a la población sobre la orientación de la transformación que de­seaban vivir y sus necesidades de promoción turística. Los resultados de este trabajo se encuentran plasmados en el desarrollo de un prototipo funcional con el cual se buscó materializar el proceso transformador que genera el turismo en la economía del país, dada la importancia de las tecnologías de la información en la vida cotidiana de los ciudadanos.
Principales medidas impositivas en el Impuesto a la Renta y el Impuesto al Valor Agregado derivadas de la emergencia económica por el covid-19 en el Ecuador
Authors: Cabrera Cabrera Omar Sebastián
Published: December 2020

En este artículo se analizan las medidas tributarias sustanciales en el impuesto a la renta e impuesto al valor agregado, sin tener en cuenta temas de procedimiento o cumplimiento tributario, implementadas recientemente en el Ecuador por motivo de la emergencia sanitaria originada por el covid-19.
”New” and ”Existing” Rights in the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union
Authors:   „Stefan cel Mare", Nemţoi Gabriela ,   University, Suceava, Romania
Published: December 2020

Considered a fundamental document, the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union aims to bring together all the civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights that citizens and residents of the Community can enjoy in order to outline the EU’s obligation to respect these fundamental rights. Thus, from the perspective of the content of the Charter, civil and political rights can be understood as those rights necessary for the assertion of the individual and defined by the action of their holder[1] and in contrast are the economic, social and cultural rights that can be understood as those rights recognized to individuals, in their capacity as members of certain social categories. Through its content, the Charter reaffirms the rights that arise from the content of national constitutions and international obligations, common to the Member States. Thus, these rights stand out as a foundation that is built on the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, on the Social Charters adopted by the EU, on the jurisprudence of the Court of Justice of the European Union and the European Court of Human Rights. In this context, it should be noted that the Charter is the first normative act that manages to codify in a single document, the main civil, political, economic and social rights[2], enshrined in previous Community Treaties. Under the auspices of the Charter, we will try to point out the innovative aspect that this document enjoys as a legal instrument for the protection of fundamental human rights.
Remedies and Sanctions for Non-compliance with Aspects Regarding the Authorization and Conduct of Special Methods of Supervision and Research
Authors:   Valahia University from Targoviste, Romania, Barbu Denisa
Published: December 2020

Using special methods for surveillance and research is no longer a social novelty, considering that both the technology and the criminality have a long existence. It is also important to mention the fact that the dynamics of the regulation of this institutions had as a base two premises: first, as normal, the ratification of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, and the second premise was the constant technological evolution. Regarding this last aspect, on a solid base it was considered that “the technical surveillance means will always be one step ahead of the legislation”. Concerning the perspective of the analysis regarding the existence and the implementing necessity of the legislation, we can easily conclude that these methods, techniques presents, de plano an intrusive character.
The Application Prospects of Blockchain Technology in Human Resource Management
Authors: Lai Jingting
Published: December 2020

With the development of the times and the rapid progress of science and technology, blockchain technology has been widely used in various industries. With the intensification of social competitiveness, the employment situation in the job market in recent years is more severe. For employers, using blockchain technology to help human resource management can improve work efficiency while saving related resource costs. Therefore, blockchain technology has also been widely used in human resource management. This article will conduct a more in-depth analysis and research on the application prospects of blockchain technology in human resource management in the future.
On the Question of the Powers of the Federal Executive Authorities of Germany in the Field of Genetic Engineering
Authors: Lebedeva Ekaterina
Published: December 2020

At the present stage of the development of genetic engineering activities in the Russian Federation the question of the expediency of distributing powers between federal executive bodies and executive bodies of constituent entities is relevant. In this regard, the experience of Germany in securing the relevant powers in the field of genetic engineering for the executive authorities is considered, in particular, the powers of the federal executive authorities of Germany are examined to release and place genetically modified organisms, to monitor the impact of artificial microorganisms on human health and the environment, as well as administrative functions for maintaining information registers of information about modified organisms. The Author analyzes the powers of the German Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (German: Bundesministerium für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft – BMEL), the Federal Office for Consumer Protection and Food Safety of Germany (German: Bundesamt für Verbraucherschutz und Lebensmittelsicherheit – BVL) and other bodies. In addition, the Author has investigated the powers of the federal states of the Federal Republic of Germany in the field of genetic engineering work related to the use and production of artificial microorganisms and GM products. As an example, the competence of the authorized body of the federal state of Hesse – the Department of the Government of Hesse for genetic engineering – is considered. Analysis of the powers of the executive authorities of Germany in the field of genetic engineering made it possible to formulate conclusions and recommendations for streamlining the powers of executive authorities and organizations in Russia. As a result, proposals were made to improve public administration in the field of genetic engineering activities in Russia, including the need to entrust a separate authority with the authority for comprehensive regulation in the field of genetic engineering activities, as well as the inexpediency of currently providing executive the authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the powers to exercise public administration in the area under consideration.
Liderazgo y su influencia en el Desempeño Laboral de los millennials en el sector de Tecnologías de la Información en el 2019
Authors:   ,   Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), Pérez Champi Diana Miluska
Published: December 2020

En el mundo laboral actual, conviven tres grupos generacionales: Baby Boomers, Generación X y los Millennials, cada uno de ellos con diferentes características y necesidades en cuanto a su desarrollo en las organizaciones. La finalidad de la presente investigación fue de analizar la influencia del Liderazgo en el Desempeño Laboral de un grupo generacional que se encuentra en aumento notablemente, los millennials, centrado en tres empresas reconocidas del sector de Tecnologías de la Información. Para ello, se realizó un cuestionario conformado por 32 preguntas al público objetivo, medidas bajo la escala de Likert agrupadas en 5 dimensiones. En los resultados, se obtuvo que el instrumento utilizado muestra un alto grado de confiabilidad (Alfa de Cronbach) con resultados muy similares en cada una de las dimensiones planteadas para el Liderazgo (0.88) y Desempeño Laboral (0.61). Finalmente, en la investigación se llegó a la conclusión que la hipótesis general queda aceptada, pues se obtuvo un resultado de 0,754. Es decir, que el Liderazgo influye significativamente en el Desempeño Laboral de los millennials en el sector de Tecnologías de la Información en el presente año, en especial el Liderazgo Transformacional tiene un mayor impacto en ello.
‘World of Warcraft is My Home From Home’: An Argument for the Protection of Virtual Worlds
Authors: Ramshaw Adam
Published: December 2020

Virtual worlds have taken on a renewed significance in our contemporary world of social distancing and isolation. Virtual worlds exist independently of the physical world yet allow individuals a degree of verisimilitude of the physical world; including attachment to that world and others in it. This phenomenon is present in Massively Multiplayer Online Roleplaying Games which are the primary focus of this work. How the law ought to approach such virtual worlds has been contested since the early days of the internet. Much of the literature in the area looks to utilise established areas of law such as property law, contract law, or intellectual property to solve the novel problems created by virtual worlds. It is perhaps understandable that scholars and judges would opt for established areas of law in light of their knowledge and trust in the same. This traditional approach understands virtual worlds and the items therein as the property of the developer thereby eroding users’ trust in the long term existence of virtual worlds. This article takes a novel and previously unexplored view as to how virtual worlds should be protected in light of the attachment an individual may feel towards virtual worlds irrespective of ownership. It will be established that this attachment is akin to the connection a person may feel towards their home in the physical world. This paper utilises these similarities to question why legal protections are not afforded to individuals and the virtual worlds to which they are connected. In arguing to secure this protection the article draws inspiration from the community empowerment principles of the Localism Act 2011 which allows for land and buildings to be protected as Assets of Community Value.
Financial Intelligence
Authors: Gupta Sumeet
Published: December 2020

At the down of 21st Century, Financial Intelligence emerged as a corporate discipline. Greater Financial Intelligence helps people to understand what the organization is trying to achieve and how they affect results. What is the art of Finance and why it matters? Why cash is the king? How a Balance sheet reveals the most? This book attempts to review and resolve these issues. This book also attempts to examine how to calculate Return on Investment (R.O.I) and how to create a financially intelligent company?
alteration in GDP due to new methods
Authors: Simran Nagra
Published: December 2020

Gross Domestic product is the final value of goods and services produced within the geographical boundaries of a country during a specified period of time, normally a year. This single word is wide concept in itself which display the entire scenario of an economy. The change in the GDP calculations was devised by India’s statisticians working for the central Statistical Organisation that is under the Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation (MOSPI), who released the new figures. There have been no changes so far in calculation of GDP leaving shift in base year. Changes have occured in GDP analysis like GDP which used to calculate at factor cost has been converted into market price and Central statistical organisation (CSO) has broadened the base to collect data analysis. Changes are  making the increment in gross domestic product (GDP) by more than 40 per cent from 4.7 per cent in FY 2012-13 to 6.9 per cent (2013-14). This 40 per cent increment is due to change in methodology.The relevant data were collected from the specified documents, economic surveys and compiling data bases in order to analyze the material and arrive at more accurate comprehension regarding the data analysis of growth rate in the wider terms. The paper has shown that alterations which have been adopted, all are lifting the growth rate up whether it’s being due to change in method or being consideration of GDP deflators.
Impact of Political Affiliation on Bank Profitability in Nigeria
Authors: Toni Aburime Uhomoibhi
Published: December 2020

The importance of bank profitability can be appraised at the micro and macro levels of the economy. At the micro level, profit is the essential prerequisite of a competitive banking institution and the cheapest source of funds. It is not merely a result, but also a necessity for successful banking in a period of growing competition on financial markets. Hence, the basic aim of a bankâ€™s management is to achieve a profit, as the essential requirement for conducting any business. At the macro level, a sound and profitable banking sector is better able to withstand negative shocks and contribute to the stability of the financial system. The importance of bank profitability at both the micro and macro levels has made researchers, academics, bank managements and bank regulatory authorities to develop considerable interest on the factors that determine bank profitability. The broad aim of this paper is to analyze, on the basis of empirical evidence, the relationship between political affiliation and bank profitability in Nigeria.
Pre and Post Merger Valuation- A Study of Tata Corus Merger Deal
Authors: Gupta Sumeet
Published: December 2020

Indian Economy being characterized as Global Economy leading to inorganic growth through Mergers, Acquisitions, Takeovers and Joint Ventures. Mergers would affect the companyâ€™s inflow and outflow of various variables like sales, expenses and cash position etc. It becomes imperative to evaluate the pre merger and post merger conditions of the firms so that successful deal can be carried out. The deal would also affect the shareholders wealth. The prediction of future forecasted sales and other variables, gains and losses from the deal are the key areas or principal governing factors to be taken care of. This research paper is an attempt to analyze the valuation of the merger deal under consideration (Tata Corus) and the pre as well as post merger situation of two companies. In this paper, the valuation of the deal is being carried out using Merger Valuation Model i.e. Discounted Cash Flow and Data mining tools like SPSS to establish a suitable trend line and justifying the deal. The Forecasting is being done till 2011.
Control over resources: A Gender Perspective
Authors: Kumar Suchitra S
Published: December 2020

This paper attempts to test gender differentials in order to ascertain whether access to economic resources makes any difference to the deprivation levels of the households headed by males and by females. The deprivation levels are based on the possessions at the household level of some basic social and physical amenities of life as used in the study conducted by K. Srinivasan and S. K. Mohanty (2004).Â  The data used is Secondary data taken from the NFHS-2.Â  The regression model applied in this paper explicitly controls the deprivation levels. The results show that there is no significant difference in male-headed families and female-headed families due to control over resources.Â
Indiaâ€™s Export Potential to Other SAARC Countries: A Gravity Model Analysis
Authors: Kaur Sandeep , Nanda Paramjit
Published: December 2020

Indiaâ€™s export potential to other SAARC nations (Bangladesh, Bhutan, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka) was calculated with the help of gravity model of exports using panel data methodology (pooled model, fixed effect model and random effect model) by taking the time period 1981-2005. To find out the convergence and divergence of Indiaâ€™s exports to SAARC members, speed of convergence was used. Moreover, study has also tried to find whether there is convergence of the actual data towards the estimated equilibrium.Â  The study reveals that there was presence of convergence in India exports with SAARC countries and in the other words, actual Indiaâ€™s exports to SAARC countries converged towards the estimated export potential. Among SAARC countries, Indiaâ€™s export potential exists for Maldives, Bhutan, Pakistan and Nepal. India is the only SAARC member that shares land border with four members and sea border with two. No other SAARC country shares a common border with each other. In terms of trade, commerce, investments etc., India is a source of potential investment and technology and a major market for products from all other SAARC members. Therefore, it is essentially in Indiaâ€™s interest to put her weight behind SAARC.Â Â Â
Financial Performance of Selected Air Transport Companies in India
Authors: RajaRajeswari M.
Published: December 2020

Air transport is the most modern, the quickest and the latest addition to the modes of transport. Because of speed with which aeroplanes can fly, travel by air is becoming increasingly popular. As far as the world trade is concerned it is still dominated by sea transport because air transport is very expensive and is also unsuitable for carrying heavy, bulky goods. However, transportation of high value light goods and perishable goods is increasingly being done by air transport. The financial health of companies declined despite liberal Government patronage, particularly from 1949, and an upward trend in air cargo and passenger traffic. The trend, however, was not in keeping with the expectations of these airlines which had gone on an expansion spree during the post-World War II period, acquiring aircraft ad spares. The Government set up the Air Traffic Enquiry Committee in 1950 to look into the problems of the airline. Though the Committee found no justification for nationalization of airlines, it favored their voluntary merger. Such a merger, however, was not welcomed by the airlines
Employee Rights and Labour Relations in Central and Eastern Europe
Authors: Skorupinska Katarzyna
Published: December 2020

Transformation of economies in Central and Eastern Europe countries has not been accompanied by sufficient guarantees for social dimension. Following that, the economic recession has particularly badly affected these countries. However, well-functioning social dialogue and regulated labour relations with well developed employee rights are the very bases of social guarantees. The analysis carried out in this paper leads to a conclusion that employee representation in workplaces in Central and Eastern Europe is still trade unionsâ€™ domain, in spite of the 2002 Directiveâ€™s implementation and (in general) dual system of worker representation in these countries. Initially, trade unions were afraid of the competition from works councils. With the passing of time, they toned down their inimical attitude towards these institutions. However, employees have not completely accepted the new form of worker participation yet and the number of works councils in these countries is still relatively small.
Performance of Agriculture in Uttar Pradesh-A District-level Analysis
Authors: Kumari Reena
Published: December 2020

The growth of agriculture is prerequisite for overall development of Indian economy. It contributes significantly to the export earnings and affects the performance of other sectors of the economy through forward and backward linkages. The present paper analyses district and regional level disparity in agriculture development in Uttar Pradesh on a number of agricultural parameters. It uses UNDP methodology (subsequently used by a number of others) to standardize various indicators for agricultural attainment in the state of Uttar Pradesh using 13 agricultural development indicators. A composite index has been constructed at the district level and also regional level for two cross-section years 1990-91 and 2008-09. The relative variations and changes in ranks of different districts have been computed during the period under consideration. Evidence shows existence of high and persistent inter-state disparity in agriculture in the state over the years.Â  The transformation of some districts from the level of relatively underperformer to the rank of better performer and vice versa has been witnessed and explained. The findings encourage the authors to conclude that a more determined effort on the part of the policy makers is needed if the development policy has to be made truly inclusive.
Review of Infective Dose, Routes of Transmission, and Outcome of COVID-19 Caused by the SARS-CoV-2 Virus: Comparison with Other Respiratory Viruses
Authors: Karimzadeh Sedighe , Bhopal Raj , Nguyen Tien Huy
Published: December 2020

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is pandemic. Prevention and control strategies require an improved understanding of SARS-CoV-2 dynamics. We did a rapid review of the literature on SARS-CoV-2 viral dynamics with a focus on infective dose. We sought comparisons of SARS-CoV-2 with other respiratory viruses including SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV. We examined laboratory animal, and human studies. The literature on infective dose, transmission, and routes of exposure was limited specially in humans, and varying endpoints were used for measurement of infection. We propose the minimum infective dose of COVID-19 in humans, is higher than 100 particles, possibly slightly lower than the 700 particles estimated for H1N1 influenza. Despite variability in animal studies, there was some evidence that increased dose at exposure correlated with higher viral load clinically, and severer symptoms. Higher viral load measures did not reflect COVID-19 severity. Aerosol transmission seemed to raise the risk of more severe respiratory complications in animals. An accurate quantitative estimate of the infective dose of SARS-CoV-2 in humans is not currently feasible and needs further research. Further work is also required on the relationship between routes of transmission, infective dose, co-infection, and outcomes.
From Covid-19 to Psychological Distress: A Systematic Review on Quarantine
Authors: Marco Cavicchioli , Ferrucci Roberta , Guidetti Matteo , Canevini Maria Paola , Pravettoni Gabriella , Galli Federica
Published: December 2020

Background. The novel coronavirus (SARS-COV-2) and related syndrome (COVID-19) has required a worldwide measure of quarantine with severe consequences for millions of people. Methods. Since psychopathological consequences related to social restrictions have been reported, a systematic review according to Cochrane Collaboration guidelines and the PRISMA Statement was performed to quantify the effects of quarantine on mental health of adults. Major databases - Pubmed, Scopus, Embase, PsycInfo, and Web of Science- were researched for observational studies with data on mental health indexes related to quarantine or isolation for epidemic infections. Results. Twenty-one independent studies were included for 82,312 subjects. Conclusions. The results showed that at least 20% of people exposed to these conditions reported a psychological distress, with a prevalence of PTSD, depression and, less often, generalized anxiety. Important methodological bias weakens the conclusion of most studies, opening to the need of further research on mental health after quarantine and related risk/buffering factors.
Schwarzschild Like Solution with Global Monopole in Bumblebee Gravity
Authors: Güllü İbrahim , Övgün Ali
Published: December 2020

In this paper, by considering Einstein-Hilbert-Bumblebee (EHB) gravity around global monopole field, we derive exactly a black hole spacetime metric. To test the effect of global monopole field and bumblebee field, which causes the spontaneous Lorentz symmetry breaking, we calculate the weak deflection angle using the Gauss-Bonnet theorem.