bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS COST OF FUND UNTUK MENENTUKAN BASE LENDING RATE SELAMA COVID-19 DI PT. BPR TRIDARMA PUTRI KLUNGKUNG
Authors: Sunia I Wayan , Kusumawati Ni Putu Linda , Suidarma Made
Published: August 2021

Bank BPR adalah  salah satu lembaga keuangan yang dimana kegiatan sehari harinya memberikan kredit kepada masyarakat dan menghimpun dana dari masyarakat dalam bentuk deposito berjangka, dan tabungan. Dalam hal penerimaan dana masyarakat PT. BPR. Tridarma Putri  Klungkung memberikan jasa bunga. Selanjutnya jasa bunga yang dikeluarkan oleh bank adalah biaya Dana simpanan untuk deposito berjangka dan tabungan yang disebut Cost Of Fund..Berdasarkan uraian tersebut peneliti tertarik untuk mengalisis  Cost Of Fund Untuk Menentukan Base Lending Rate Selama Covid-19 Di PT. BPR Tridarma Putri Klungkung. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kabupaten klungkung menggunakan jenis data kuantitatif dan kualitatif yang bersumber data kuantitatif yang dikumpulkan dengan teknik dokumentasi, observasi, wawancara dan internet yang dianalisis secara  analisis kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Adapun hasilnya bahwa Cost of fund (biaya dana ) tabungan seharusnya  sebesar 3,86%, Sedangkan senyatanya Cost of fund (biaya dana) tabungan yang diberikan/berlaku sekarang adalah sebesa 4%. berarti masih ada selisih sebesar 0,14%. hasil perhitungan Cost of fund (biaya dana) deposito seharusnya  sebesar 6,75 %, Sedangkan senyatanya Cost of fund (biaya dana) deposito yang diberikan/berlaku sekarang adalah sebesar 8,00%. berarti masih ada selisih sebesar 1,25%. Sedangkan hasil perhitungan Base Lending Rate (Suku Bunga Dasar Pinjaman) seharusnya  sebesar 21,65%, Sedangkan kenyatanya Cost of fund (Suku Bunga Dasar Pinjaman) yang diberikan/berlaku sekarang adalah sebesar 22,80%. berarti masih ada selisih sebesar 1,15% Di PT. BPR Tridarma Putri Klungkung.
Kata Kunci : Cost of fund dan Base Lending Rate
KUALITAS MANAJEMEN KEUANGAN PENGERAJIN LUKISAN KACA DI DESA NAGASEPAHA
Authors: Ayuni Ni Made Sri , Budiasni Ni Wayan Novi
Published: August 2021

Kualitas Manajemen Keuangan Pengerajin Lukisan Kaca di Desa Nagasepaha. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif untuk meneliti pengelolaan keuangan pengerajin lukisan kaca di Desa Nagasepaha. Penelitian bertujuan ingin mengetahui bagaimana pengerajin mengelola keuangan dilihat dari perencanaan keuangan, pencatatan keuangan, pelaporan keuangan dan pengendalian keuangan.Sehingganantinya hasil penelitian ini mampumemberikan suatu kesimpulan tentang pengelolaan keuangan untuk pengerajin lukisan kaca di Desa Nagasepaha. Penelitian ini mengunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Data yang dianalisa adalah hasil wawancaradenganpengerajinlukisan kaca. Hasil penelitian menujukan bahwa Pengerajin sudah mampu mengelola keuangan dilihat dari perencanaan akan tetapi pengerajin belum melakukan pencatatan, pelaporan dan pengendalian keuangan sesuai dengan standar akuntansi dan manajemen keuangan. Mengingat belakang pendidikan dan minimnya pengetahuan terhadap pencatatan,pelaporan dan pengendalian keuangan nantinya pengerajin dapat mengikuti pelatihan pencatatan keuangan sesuai dengan standar akuntansi.Diharapkan nantinya semua pengerajin bisa mengunakan kaidah-kaidah pencatatan yang terstruktur.
Kata kunci:pengelolaan keuangan, lukisan kaca, Nagasepaha
Long Live the Disk: Lifetimes of Protoplanetary Disks in Hierarchical Triple-star Systems and a Possible Explanation for HD 98800 B
Authors: Ronco María Paula , Guilera Octavio M. , Cuadra Jorge , Miller Bertolami Marcelo M. , Cuello Nicolás , Fontecilla Camilo , Poblete Pedro , Bayo Amelia
Published: August 2021

The gas dissipation from a protoplanetary disk is one of the key processes affecting planet formation, and it is widely accepted that it happens on timescales of a few million years for disks around single stars. In recent years, several protoplanetary disks have been discovered in multiple-star systems, and despite the complex environment in which they find themselves, some of them seem to be quite old, a situation that may favor planet formation. A clear example of this is the disk around HD 98800 B, a binary in a hierarchical quadruple stellar system, which at an ∼10 Myr age seems to still be holding significant amounts of gas. Here we present a 1D+1D model to compute the vertical structure and gas evolution of circumbinary disks in hierarchical triple-star systems considering different stellar and disk parameters. We show that tidal torques due to the inner binary, together with the truncation of the disk due to the external companion, strongly reduce the viscous accretion and expansion of the disk. Even allowing viscous accretion by tidal streams, disks in these kind of environments can survive for more than 10 Myr, depending on their properties, with photoevaporation being the main gas dissipation mechanism. We particularly apply our model to the circumbinary disk around HD 98800 B and confirm that its longevity, along with the current nonexistence of a disk around the companion binary HD 98800 A, can be explained with our model and by this mechanism.
The Detectability of Kiloparsec-scale Dual Active Galactic Nuclei: The Impact of Galactic Structure and Black Hole Orbital Properties
Authors: Li Kunyang , Ballantyne David R. , Bogdanović Tamara
Published: August 2021

Observational searches for dual active galactic nuclei (dAGNs) at kiloparsec separations are crucial for understanding the role of galaxy mergers in the evolution of galaxies. In addition, kiloparsec-scale dAGNs may serve as the parent population of merging massive black hole (MBH) binaries, an important source of gravitational waves. We use a semi-analytical model to describe the orbital evolution of unequal mass MBH pairs under the influence of stellar and gaseous dynamical friction in post-merger galaxies. We quantify how the detectability of approximately 40,000 kpc-scale dAGNs depends on the structure of their host galaxies and the orbital properties of the MBH pair. Our models indicate that kiloparsec-scale dAGNs are most likely to be detected in gas-rich post-merger galaxies with smaller stellar bulges and relatively massive, rapidly rotating gas disks. The detectability is also increased in systems with MBHs of comparable masses following low eccentricity prograde orbits. In contrast, dAGNs with retrograde, low eccentricity orbits are some of the least detectable systems among our models. The dAGNs in models in which the accreting MBHs are allowed to exhibit radiative feedback are characterized by a significantly lower overall detectability. The suppression in detectability is most pronounced in gas-rich merger remnant galaxies, where radiation feedback is more likely to arise. If so, then large, relatively gas-poor galaxies may be the best candidates for detecting dAGNs.
Can Small-scale Magnetic Fields Be the Major Cause for the Near-surface Effect of the Solar p-mode Frequencies?
Authors: Li Yan , Zhang Qian-sheng , Wu Tao , Su Jie , Chen Xing-hao , Lin Gui-fang , Guo Jian-heng , Liu Jie-ying
Published: August 2021

Small-scale magnetic fields are not only the fundamental element of the solar magnetism but also closely related to the structure of the solar atmosphere. The observations have shown that there is a ubiquitous tangled small-scale magnetic field with a strength of 60–130 G in the canopy-forming layer of the quiet solar photosphere. On the other hand, the multidimensional MHD simulations show that the convective overshooting expels the magnetic field to form the magnetic canopies at a height of about 500 km in the upper photosphere. However, the distribution of such small-scale “canopies” in the solar photosphere cannot be rigorously constrained by either observations or numerical simulations. Based on stellar standard models, we identify that these magnetic canopies can act as a global magnetic arch splicing layer, and we find that the reflections of the solar p-mode oscillations at this magnetic arch splicing layer result in significant improvement on the discrepancy between the observed and calculated p-mode frequencies. The location of the magnetic arch splicing layer is determined at a height of about 630 km, and the inferred strength of the magnetic field is about 90 G. These features of the magnetic arch splicing layer derived independently in the present study are quantitatively in agreement with the presence of small-scale magnetic canopies such as those obtained by the observations and 3D MHD simulations.
Diversity of leaf anatomy within a single leaflet and between leaflets of four Butia (Arecaceae, Arecoideae) species
Authors: Noblick Larry R. , Sant’anna-Santos Bruno F.
Published: August 2021

This paper is an investigation into how the anatomy changes within a leaflet and between the leaflets of a single leaf blade of Butia. Four species of Butia were studied: Butia paraguayensis, B. eriospatha, B. yatay and B. odorata. Changes in the anatomical characters are important because some have been used in keys to help separate the species. Recently, anatomical mid-rib characters were used in a key to separate species of Butia. We found that characters, such as abaxially projected or rounded mid-rib fibrous ring or number and arrangement of accessory bundles, do change within a single leaflet or between the leaflets of a single leaf blade. Growing conditions and leaf developmental maturity are also important factors that influence leaflet anatomy and may cause one to be misled in an identification key based on anatomical characters. We re-emphasize the importance of always sampling from the same part of the leaf, to have a broader sampling, be attentive to the environmental condition and health of the plant from which you are sampling and to consider population differences.
Cyphostemma calcarium, a new species of Vitaceae from the Ankarana Special Reserve, Madagascar
Authors: Rabarijaona Romer Narindra , Rafaralahy Valisoa Louisicaël , Rakotovao Charles , Ranaivoson Rindra Manasoa , Liu Bing , Chen Zhi-Duan , Wen Jun , Lu Li-Min
Published: August 2021

Cyphostemma calcarium Rabarij & L.M.Lu, sp. nov., is herein described as a new species found on limestone outcrops in northern Madagascar. Its diagnostic morphological characteristics were compared to the species occurring in the Ankarana Special Reserve. We present detailed descriptions, illustrations, distribution map, and a preliminary conservation assessment of the species. An identification key to all known species of Cyphostemma from the Ankarana Special Reserve is also provided.
Sea cucumbers (Echinodermata, Holothuroidea) from the JR275 expedition to the eastern Weddell Sea, Antarctica
Authors: Mackenzie Melanie , O'Loughlin P. Mark , Griffiths Huw , de Putte Anton Van
Published: August 2021

Thirty-seven holothuroid species, including six potentially new, are reported from the eastern Weddell Sea in Antarctica. Information regarding sea cucumbers in this dataset is based on Agassiz Trawl (AGT) samples collected during the British Antarctic Survey cruise JR275 on the RRS James Clark Ross in the austral summer of 2012. Species presence by site and an appendix of holothuroid identifications with registrations are included as supplementary material. Species occurrence in the Weddell Sea is updated to include new holothuroids from this expedition.
Improving the care of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients: perspectives and strategies for IBD center management
Authors: Park Jihye , Park Sinyoung , Lee Shin Ae , Park Soo Jung , Cheon Jae Hee
Published: August 2021

The incidence and prevalence rates of inf lammatory bowel disease (IBD) have been increasing in East Asian countries over the past few decades. Accordingly, the general understanding and awareness of IBD among healthcare professionals has increased considerably in this region. This increase is ultimately associated with the evolving focus of IBD clinicians devoted to comprehensive patient care, especially in establishing IBD clinics/centers capable of providing multidisciplinary counseling. Comprehensive IBD care at IBD clinics/centers usually includes surgical and medication decision-making, transition from pediatric to adult clinics, care of extraintestinal manifestations, care of infectious diseases in patients undergoing immunomodulatory or biologic therapies, and nutritional, psychosocial, socioeconomic, and pharmacological care. Team members comprise specialists from various departments related to IBD and can be divided into core and ad hoc members. Usually, the scope of work in IBD clinics/centers involves patient care, patient outreach, and system management. Considering the environmental changes in IBD treatment, it is necessary to perform comprehensive IBD patient care in the form of a program based on competencies, rather than simply following the organization of previous IBD centers. The present review summarizes recent trends in IBD patient care and offers perspectives regarding IBD center management.
Rituel universitaire et enseignement supérieur populaire : deux approches biographiques
Authors: Dartevelle Raymond
Published: August 2021

Cet article a pour ambition de montrer l’intérêt d’explorer des sources documentaires peu exploitées grâce à une approche biographique d’acteurs des sciences sociales. Il évoque d’une part le sens et la finalité d’un rituel de l’Université républicaine (thèse de doctorat) dans le « moment 1900 », porteur de réformes de l’enseignement scientifique et révélateur d’un savoir éclaté en nombreuses disciplines fracturées en écoles concurrentes. L’article évoque ensuite l’apprentissage d’un savoir universitaire (sociologie), organisé par la municipalité de Lyon en marge des structures académiques traditionnelles et destiné à une « éducation intégrale du peuple ». Il s’interroge ainsi sur cet idéal républicain, véritable enjeu de débat politique.
Penser et périodiser l’histoire des laïcités avec Georges Weill
Authors: Genin Vincent
Published: August 2021

L’ Histoire de l’idée laïque en France au xix e  siècle (1925) de l’historien Georges Weill est à la fois un livre classique et d’une actualité certaine. Cette réflexion sociohistorique ne consiste pas seulement en l’analyse d’une histoire diachronique d’un courant intellectuel du xix e  siècle mais aussi d’une manière de le catégoriser et de le périodiser. Weill, auteur ancré à gauche, symptomatique du judaïsme assimilé et agnostique de son époque, considérait que la laïcité pouvait être envisagée soit selon son versant politique, soit selon une approche philosophique ; il a opté pour la première voie. Le chanoine Louis Capéran prendra l’autre en charge plusieurs années plus tard. Sans mobiliser des concepts qui sont aujourd’hui familiers aux historiens, il propose une lecture à la fois catégorisée et périodisée des manières d’envisager l’idée laïque, qui en donne tout son sens. Il s’en dégage une laïcité plurielle, non-essentielle, à rebours de certaines tendances actuelles qui prétendent remonter dans le temps pour retrouver une « laïcité républicaine », imprégnée de valeurs et aux contours nationalistes. Notre contribution est aussi une invitation à relire Weill dan toute sa modernité .
Pilotage stratégique de la taxe carbone par les entreprises : les enjeux de la performance globale
Authors: Heimann Marco , Lobre-Lebraty Katia
Published: August 2021

Cette recherche s’intéresse à l’opinion des individus, concernant le pilotage stratégique de la taxe carbone par les entreprises, en fonction des facteurs de justice sociale. Pour cela elle applique une technique empruntée aux sciences cognitives. Elle aboutit à deux clusters. Le premier regroupe des individus qui jugent acceptable la combinaison des trois choix de gestion de la taxe carbone suivants : augmentation des prix, investissements « low carbon » et absence de délocalisation, conformément aux justices distributive et rétributive. Les membres du second cluster quant à eux, jugent acceptable tout choix de gestion de la taxe carbone qui autorise le maintien des prix selon la justice réparatrice. Ces résultats sont à considérer dans la définition des stratégies RSE et dans la recherche d’un équilibre des différentes composantes de la performance globale.
Clinical Competence for Youth Suicide: Use of Simulation in Pediatric and Psychiatric–Mental Health Nurse Practitioner Programs
Authors: Hutson Elizabeth , Zeno Rosie
Published: August 2021

Approximately one in five adolescents in the United States has a mental health concern and suicide is the second leading cause of death in this population. It is vital to prepare nurse practitioner (NP) students with the required skills to assess and manage youth with suicidal ideation. Unfortunately, it is challenging for NP students to accumulate these critical competencies due to limited preceptors and the infrequent presentation of suicidality in certain clinical sites. Furthermore, the serious nature of a child in mental health crisis often requires students to take a passive role while deferring direct patient care to the clinical preceptor. Objective structured clinical examinations (OSCEs) can deliver high-quality, simulated, active-learning experiences necessary to build the skills and confidence needed to care for youth with suicidal ideation. The current article discusses the collaborative development and implementation of an innovative OSCE designed for pediatric and psychiatric–mental health NP students. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 59
(8), 7–13.]
Techno-energy-economic sensitivity analysis of hybrid system Solid Oxide Fuel Cell/Gas Turbine
Authors: Corigliano O. ,   Department of Mechanical, Energy and Management Engineering, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy, De Lorenzo G. , Fragiacomo P.
Published: August 2021

The paper presents a wide and deep analysis of the techno-energy and economic performance of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell/Gas Turbine hybrid system fed by gas at different compositions of H2, CO, H2O, CO2, CH4,  and N2. The layout of the system accounts for pressurizing of entering fluids, heat up to the set Solid Oxide Fuel Cell inlet conditions, Solid Oxide Fuel Cell thermo-electrochemical processing, Solid Oxide Fuel Cell—exhaust fluids combustion, turbo-expansion after heat up, and final recovery unit for cogeneration purposes.

An ad hoc numerical modeling is developed and then run in a Matlab calculation environment. The influence on the system is evaluated by investigating the change of the fuel composition, and by managing the main operating parameters such as pressure and the fuel utilization factor. The analysis reports on the specific mass flowrates necessary to the purpose required, by assessing the SOFC outlet molar compositions, specific energies (work) at main system elements, specific thermal energies at main system elements, energy and technical performance for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell energy unit; the performance such as electric and thermal efficiency, temperatures at main system elements. A final sensitivity analysis on the performance, Levelized Cost of Energy and Primary Energy Saving, is made for completion. The first simulation campaign is carried out on a variable anodic mixture composed of H2, CO, H2O, considering the H2/CO ratio variable within the range 0.5-14, and H2O molar fraction variable in the range 0.1-0.4; used to approach a possible syngas in which they are significantly high compared to other possible compounds. While other simulation campaigns are conducted on real syngases, produced by biomass gasification. The overall Solid Oxide Fuel Cell/Gas Turbine system showed a very promising electric efficiency, ranging from 53 to 63%, a thermal efficiency of about 37%, an LCOE ranging from 0.09 to 0.14 ＄·kWh-1, and a Primary Energy Saving in the range of 33-52%, which resulted to be highly affected by the H2/CO ratio.

Also, real syngases at high H2/CO ratio are noticed as the highest quality, revealing electric efficiency higher than 60%. Syngases with methane presence also revealed good performance, according to the fuel processing of methane itself to hydrogen. Low-quality syngases revealed electric efficiencies of about 51%. Levelized Cost of Energy varied from 0.09 (for high-quality gas) to 0.19 (for low-quality gas) ＄·kWh-1, while Primary Energy Saving ranged from 44 to 52%.
State of the Art About COVID-19's Impact on Santiago University, Cape Verde
Authors: Sarmento Eduardo Moraes , Monteiro José Mascarenhas
Published: August 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has become a critical challenge for the higher education sector worldwide. Under such a circumstance, the exploration of the capacity of this sector to adapt to such a state of uncertainty has become of huge importance. In this chapter, the authors critically reflect on the Cape Verdean teaching experience during the early COVID-19 lockdown. This is an exploratory case study based on a qualitative approach with an aim to reflect on new practices of teaching under a pandemic emergency. Based on the teaching experience of teaching in Santiago University, they explain how this university has changed from a face-to-face to an online teaching system and stress the challenges and opportunities that appear from this transition process. This chapter concludes that this strategy has become an opportunity to the university since it consistently raised the number of international students cooperating with them and also that the more adaptive and resilient approaches to online teaching were also a success.
The Role of Executive Function and Self-Regulation in the Development of Computational Thinking
Authors: Myers Elizabeth Kazakoff
Published: August 2021

This chapter summarizes theoretical connections between computational thinking through learning to code, self-regulation, and executive function and discusses why it is important to continue exploring the intersection of executive function, self-regulation, and computational thinking, including the need to revisit the socio-cultural underpinnings of foundational self-regulation, executive function, and school readiness research. As an example, findings from a 2014 study that explored the relationship between self-regulation and computational thinking when learning to code are shared. Research supports the idea of teaching computational thinking skills within an integrated early childhood curriculum to support the development of well-prepared citizens for the 21st century by drawing on the connections between executive function, self-regulation, and computational thinking.
Mechanical Properties of Concrete Incorporating Pre-Treated Wastes Sawdust
Authors: Hewayde Esam , Kubba Ziyad
Published: August 2021

This paper investigates the effect of using wastes sawdust as a replacement of fine aggregate (sand) on mechanical properties naming compressive, tensile and flexural strengths of ordinary Portland concrete. The wastes sawdust was treated before incorporating it in concrete mixtures. Three different methods were used to pre-treat the sawdust including a) soaking the sawdust in distilled water at 50 oC, b) soaking the sawdust in Ca (OH)2 solution, and c) soaking the sawdust in Ca (OH)2 solution and using a set accelerator in the concrete mixture. In addition to the control mixture (having no sawdust), three more concrete mixtures were prepared to explore the effect of the three different methods of pre-treatment on the mechanical properties of concrete. Results showed that the compressive strength of the concrete incorporating wastes sawdust pre-treated with the calcium hydroxide solution (slaked lime) and having the accelerator was higher than that of the control mixture. The tensile and flexural strengths of the concrete mixture having waste sawdust pre-treated by Ca (OH)2 solution and having the accelerator were found to be very comparable to those of the control mixture. On the other hand, the compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths of the concrete mixture with sawdust pre-treated by Ca (OH)2 solution only were somehow comparable to those of concrete mixture having sawdust pre-treated by distilled water. While the compressive strength of the concrete mixtures incorporating sawdust pre-treated with either Ca (OH)2 solution or distilled water was less than that of the control mixture, both tensile and flexural strengths of the two treated concrete mixtures were approximately comparable to those of the control mixture.
Moiré Nanolithography Based on Ultrathin Anodized Aluminium Oxide Membranes
Authors: Zhao Cheng Chun , Guo Qiu Quan , Yang Jun
Published: August 2021

A new nanofabrication method for construction of complex superlattice structure with versatile super-periodicity is developed using the moiré fringe of anodized aluminium oxide (AAO) membranes. Two ultrathin AAO membranes with long-range order holes are stacked to form 2D moiré nanopatterns. Both rotational symmetry and the periodicity of the holes are modified by the relative spatial displacement between the superimposing layers. Using the membranes as metal evaporation masks, a wide assortment of complex Al nanostructures are fabricated by varying the misorientation angle of the two ultrathin AAO membranes. Highly ordered Al nanoparticles with different sizes, shapes, orientations, and arrangements on substrates are achieved, which are expected to give abundant surface plasmon mode.
Development of Urban Green Spaces for Achieving Ecological and Social Benefits of Urban Areas in Sri Lanka
Authors: Wijewardhana A. M. C. , Senevirathna E. M. T. K.
Published: August 2021

Green spaces create a link between human beings and the environment around them to enhance the quality of human life and benefits for both. But the reductions of green spaces in urban areas lead to several environmental and social problems world-wide. This study focused to find the required sites for Urban Green Space (UGS) development to gain ecological and social benefits in Rathnapura Municipal Council. Six Grama Niladhari Divisions were selected for the study. Accordingly, digitized Google Earth Pro satellite images in 2019 and population data in 2018 were used for analysing existing UGS. According to that geometric calculation, buffer, near, and weighted sum tools in ArcMap 10.4 were used to analyses data. Green Space Per Capita Index (GSPCI) was calculated to find whether the existing UGS is enough or not for the healthy living of the residents based on recommendation scales of World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations (UN) as 9m2 and 30m2 green spaces per person respectively. It has been found the study area is exceeding both recommended levels. Whatever the GSPCI, the study has found Mihindugama, Rathnapura Town North and West have required approximately 114624, 8474, and 38617 square meters of additional UGS respectively according to buffer analysis based on GSPCI regard to UN recommendations. Weighted sum analysis has found that approximately 18% of land highly required UGS. Meanwhile, the study has revealed Mihindugama, Kospelawinna, and New Town have a shortage of UGS near the residential areas. Moreover, the study shows there is a potential to develop UGS in the area by approaching existing re-sources. As consequences of this study will provide ideas for mitigating urban issues and guide to fulfil the additionally required UGS to better development.by the above findings for the benefit of future online learning and to carry out such educational activities without interruption.
A Study of Using M-Learning Approach to Enrich English Language Teaching: With Special Reference to G.C.E. Advanced Level Students in Kalutara Education Zone
Authors: Silva N. A. L. D. R. , Alahakoon A. M. Y. S.
Published: August 2021

Mobile-Assisted Language Learning (MALL) - a topic of current interest - is a subset of the approach, Computer- Assisted Language Learning (CALL), deals with handheld mobile devices making the learning process more personalized, spontaneous and ubiquitous. The students learning in the secondary level, find a lot of difficulties when integrating mobile phones in the language learning process. In this study, the main objective is to investigate the perspective of the G.C.E. A/L students towards MALL. A sample of fifty students were selected from the Kalutara Education Zone by using convenient sampling method and the data collected through a Google questionnaire, were analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively. The analysis confirmed that the majority of the respondents do have a positive attitude towards the use of MALL approach as a mean of distance learning. The results of the study portray the abundance of benefits of using m- learning in the secondary education, such as easy and quick access and availability of a plenty of resources and etc. In view of the difficulties encountered when using m-learning approach, the data manifested the commonness of difficulties encountered by ESL learners in the categories of: connection problems, monetary issues, lack of high- tech sophisticated devices and lack of feedback. Although the findings convince that the students choose blended learning system, MALL would be more preferred if the basic requirements such as a proper training and knowledge are provided.
Non-Lyn Src Family Kinases Activate SIRPα–SHP-1 to Inhibit PI3K–Akt2 and Dampen Proinflammatory Macrophage Polarization
Authors: Shi Lei , Bian Zhen , Kidder Koby , Liang Hongwei , Liu Yuan
Published: August 2021

Macrophage functional plasticity plays a central role in responding to proinflammatory stimuli. The molecular basis underlying the dynamic phenotypic activation of macrophages, however, remains incompletely understood. In this article, we report that SIRPα is a chief negative regulator of proinflammatory macrophage polarization. In response to TLR agonists, proinflammatory cytokines, or canonical M1 stimulation, Src family kinases (SFK) excluding Lyn phosphorylate SIRPα ITIMs, leading to the preferential recruitment and activation of SHP-1, but not SHP-2. Solely extracellular ligation of SIRPα by CD47 does not greatly induce phosphorylation of SIRPα ITIMs, but it enhances proinflammatory stimuli–induced SIRPα phosphorylation. Examination of downstream signaling elicited by IFN-γ and TLR3/4/9 agonists found that SIRPα-activated SHP-1 moderately represses STAT1, NF-κB, and MAPK signaling but markedly inhibits Akt2, resulting in dampened proinflammatory cytokine production and expression of Ag presentation machinery. Pharmacological inhibition of SHP-1 or deficiency of SIRPα conversely attenuates SIRPα-mediated inhibition and, as such, augments macrophage proinflammatory polarization that in turn exacerbates proinflammation in mouse models of type I diabetes and peritonitis. Our results reveal an SFK–SIRPα–SHP-1 mechanism that fine-tunes macrophage proinflammatory phenotypic activation via inhibition of PI3K–Akt2, which controls the transcription and translation of proinflammatory cytokines, Ag presentation machinery, and other cellular programs.
The Italian Society for Rheumatology recommendations for the management of axial spondyloarthritis
Authors: Manara M. , Prevete I. , Marchesoni A. , D'Angelo S. , Cauli A. , Zanetti A. , Ariani A. , Bortoluzzi A. , Parisi S. , Scirè C.A. , Ughi N.
Published: August 2021

Over the last few years, the landscape of treatments for axial spondyloarthritis (SpA) has been rapidly evolving, urging international scientific societies to draft or update existing clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) on the management of axial SpA. The Italian Society for Rheumatology (SIR) committed to provide revised and adapted evidence- and expert-based recommendations for the management of patients with axial SpA in Italy. A systematic approach to the adaptation of existing CPGs - the ADAPTE methodology - was adopted to obtain updated recommendations suitable for the Italian context. A systematic literature search was performed in Medline and Embase databases to find international CPGs and consensus statements with recommendations for the management of axial SpA published in the previous five years. A working group composed of rheumatologists with proven experience in the management of axial SpA and methodologists identified the key research questions which guided study selection and data extraction. Guideline quality was assessed using the Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation (AGREE) II tool. The Italian recommendations were developed by endorsing or adapting and rewording some existing recommendations. The draft of the recommendations was sent to a multidisciplinary group of external reviewers for comment and rating. Six original CPGs were selected and used to create this SIR CPG, which includes a final set of 14 recommendations covering the management of patients with axial SpA across the following domains: assessment, pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment, and follow-up. The dissemination and implementation of these SIR recommendations are expected to support an evidencebased clinical approach to the management of patients with axial SpA in Italy.
A Cross-Sectional Online Survey of an Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Smartphone Addiction and Nomophobia among Undergraduate Health Sciences Students of A Rural Tertiary Health-Care Center from Maharashtra, India
Authors: Ghogare Ajinkya Sureshrao , Aloney Swapnil Arun , Vankar Ganpatlal Kodarbhai , Bele Ashish Wasudeorao , Patil Pradeep Shriram , Ambad Ranjit S.
Published: August 2021

Introduction:

Increased use of smartphones can lead to smartphone addiction and “no-mobile-phone-phobia” known as nomophobia. During an ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown, to tackle an issue of boredom, many people including undergraduate health sciences students (HSSs) are using smartphones, leading to an increased risk of smartphone addiction and nomophobia. During lockdown, many universities have shifted the mode of learning to e-classes by using an internet-based technology on smartphones, which may contribute to increased exposure to smartphones, leading to an increased risk of smartphone addiction among students.

Objective:

To assess an impact of COVID-19 lockdown on smartphone addiction and severity of nomophobia among UG HSSs.

Materials and Methods:

The present study was conducted at a rural tertiary health-care center in Maharashtra state of India with a sample size of 412. Smartphone Addiction Scale–Short Version was used to assess smartphone addiction and Nomophobia Questionnaire was used to assess nomophobia.

Results:

Majority (69.7%) reported inability to concentrate on studies at home due to increased use of smartphone during the COVID-19 lockdown. Boredom (32.8%) was the most bothering thing during lockdown, and to tackle it, 55.8% reported of using smartphone. 97.6% had nomophobia and 45.1% had smartphone addiction. There was increase in the prevalence of smartphone addiction and nomophobia during the COVID-19 lockdown as compared to the prevalence from studies which were conducted in the pre-COVID-19 lockdown period.

Conclusion:

Appropriate measures should be taken by health sciences universities and authorities to address an issue of smartphone addiction and nomophobia so that students can concentrate on their studies at home during the COVID-19 lockdown.
Platelet function disorder in women with heavy menstrual bleeding in Eastern Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Jain Shuchi , Agrawal Nisha Rani , Tilak Vijai , Mohammad Ekhlak , Dash D. , Jain Madhu
Published: August 2021

Background:

Platelet function disorder (PFD) is turning out to be a major cause of heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) in women. One should suspect for this entity and should look for it in all girls who have this issue since menarche to impart proper management.

Objectives:

This study was carried out to find the incidence of PFD in Patients with HMB referred to our tertiary care teaching hospital.

Materials and Methods:

Platelet aggregation in response to ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation (RIPA), Adrenaline, adenosine diphosphate, and Collagen was studied in 50 women with HMB and in the equal number of age-matched healthy women. Bleeding time and Platelet count were also measured.

Results:

Glanzmann's thrombasthenia (GT) was detected in 5 and Bernard Soulier Syndrome (BSS) in 2 women with HMB. Macrothrombocytopenia was observed in BSS. RIPA was also significantly reduced in BSS but normal in GT. Coagulopathies should always be doubted in the presence of significant anemia. One should carry out the Platelet function studies when screening parameters like prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, von Willebrand factor, and factor VIII activity level are normal. Normal platelet count and morphology in addition suggest functional defects in platelets which can be detected by various aggregation studies, electron microscopy, flow cytometry, and thromboelastography.

Conclusion:

The clinicians treating women with HMB should be aware of PFD as an important etiology and the platelet function should be studied in all women with HMB in a phase-wise manner in order not to miss the diagnosis and also to make it more cost-effective.
Dietary Effect of Corchorus olitorius Seeds on Growth Performance of Oreochromis niloticus Fingerlings
Authors: Afe Oluwafumilola Eunice , Dada Adekunle Ayokanmi , Salihu Muhammed Lawal
Published: August 2021

Incorporating feed additives in diets of cultured fish is aimed at improving growth
performance, immunity and carcass quality. Growth performance and some haematological parameters of Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings fed varying inclusion levels of Corchorus olitorius seeds were assessed in the study. O. niloticus fingerlings of initial mean weight 9.35±0.01g were evaluated for a period of 56 days. Five experimental diets were formulated at varying inclusion levels; 0g/100g (control), 0.5g/100g, 1.0g/100g, 1.5g/100g and 2.0g/100g of C. olitoriusseeds. All diets were isonitrogenous with each treatment having triplicates. O. niloticus fingerlings fed 1.5g/100g diet of C. olitoriusrecorded the best growth performance in terms of weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and specific growth rate (SGR). There was a significant increase in growth and nutritional performance of O. niloticus fingerlings with increasing inclusion of C. olitorius seeds (P<0.05). Significant increase in packed cell volume, white blood cell and haemoglobin were observed in treated O. niloticus fingerlings and there was no adverse effect of C. olitorius seeds on the haematological parameters of the fish. The study showed that C. olitorius seed at 1.5g/100g significantly improved survival rate, weight gain and feed conversion ratio as well as reduced mortalities in the treated groups.
Comparison of Metal Flow Characteristics in Aluminium Extrusion Die using Numerical Simulations for AA6063 and AA7075
Authors: Ammu V.N.S.U. Viswanath , Ambade Samrat , Anas N.S. , Chouhan R.N. , Agnihotri Anupam
Published: August 2021

Aluminium extruded profiles are used for light weight structures used in architecture, transportation, aerospace, industrial sectors etc. Increasing use of profiles for applications has been driving extruiders to focus on reliable techniques to produce profile that meet consistent quality. In aluminium extrusion, profitability can be achieved by pushing maximum number of billets i.e maximum speed during production. However, in the shopfloor different aluminium alloys and geometries are limited by manufacturibility limitations which based on alloy properties and metal flow charcateritics. Hence, product quality is largely dependant on the closer control of metal flow charcateritics that can be compensated by right quality aluminium billet and die design paramaters. In this regard, numerical simulation studies have been adopted prior to production to ensure the consistent and reliable quality of profiles. In this technical communication, metal flow characteristics such as velocity, temperature and strain rate in an extrusion die were compared using numerical simulation studies for two alloys namely AA6063 and AA7075.
Design and Optimization of Rear Wheel Assembly for All-Terrain Vehicle
Authors: Anthony Bala Paul Raj M. , Pala Raviramachandran Raghavendran , Prakash N. , Chirudeep Reddy Bh. , Gopi Krishna V.
Published: August 2021

This paper describes the design and optimisation of rear wheel assembly for an all-terrain vehicle. The components of rear wheel assembly are designed with an optimised design intent with light weight material selection. The designed assembly is then discretised using finite element modelling through Hexa-dominant 3D mesh. The upright knuckle and the hub are assessed for their integrity check and the performance of full assembly is verified through simulation. From the post-processed stress results, factor of safety for the designed parts is presented. The presented work can be expanded to optimise the upright and the hub based the resolved gradient stress plots from the finite element analysis.
Synthesis and Performance Evaluation of Fuel from Waste Plastics
Authors: Gowrishankar D. , Kumar G.D. , Prithviraj R. , Sanjay V. , Hariharan D. , Vignesh M.
Published: August 2021

Plastics are an integral part of our lives and the production of plastics has drastically increased over the years, because of its vast range of applications and usage. Due to this the accumulation of waste plastics has also increased in time. The waste plastic generated in India is 15000 tons per day (as per survey). The breakdown of plastics requires around 500 years in the earth and these waste plastics affect the humans, animals, birds, earth and environment. The demand for conventional fuel has also increased lately and the quantity of this fuel reserve has decreased simultaneously. The extensive usage of the conventional fuels has paved the path for alternative ways for energy sources and alternate fuels. The extraction of waste plastic oil is obtained by the process of pyrolysis which is nothing but the thermochemical decomposition of organic matter without oxygen. The extracted plastic pyrolysis oil is then blended with diesel which helps in reducing the consumption of diesel fuel. Different blend ratios are prepared consisting of the extracted waste plastic pyrolysis oil and diesel fuel. These fuels are tested in the engine to understand the variation in the engine performance and emissions with the help of a gas analyser. By this way, the suitable blend ratio is selected for further works. This blend of fuel can exhibit high thermal efficiency and increases machine efficiency. The fuel does not emit sulphur dioxide (SO2) and the residue obtained is only 5 percent which is said to be carbon.
Investigation of Acoustic Influencing Parameters to Increase the Human Performance Potential in Simultaneous Driving and Working Operation of Armoured Vehicles
Authors: Kalandrik D. , Jacob R. , Saunders M. , Quaiser-Pohl C. , Kap-herr K. Hofmann-von , Koenig P.
Published: August 2021

Humanitarian and physiological restrictions prevent the optimal execution and use of the corresponding technical achievement in various situations. For example, working simultaneously while driving in vehicle under vibration, noise, confinement and heat often leads to dizziness, nausea and finally even vomiting-all symptoms which significantly limit human performance. This phenomenon is one of the oldest protective reaction of the human organism and has been deeply investigated e.g. under the name simulator sickness or motion sickness. Unfortunately, new mobility concepts as autonomous driving vehicle always include the vision of parallel working activities while driving. For working crew members in military land vehicles, the situation is even worse due to the restricted outside view and body motion of protected all-terrain vehicle. In earlier projects the dependency of mechanical vibration and motion sickness was investigated. This paper now explains the determination of acoustic properties and threshold values for vehicle that enable ergonomic working at mobile workplaces without negatively influencing the human performance. The purpose of this first phase of the project was to create and validate an experimental setup, in which a sound exposure of test person with frequencies up to the infrasound range could be realized with help of an appropriate acoustic equipment. Psychological tests have been performed in parallel, so the cognitive performance of the test person was evaluated during exposition with sound. Based on field tests statistically found threshold values for a maximum exposure with low-frequency noise in vehicles with parallel working activities will be derived.
Prediction of Occupant Injuries for Improved eCall Efficiency
Authors: Fuchs S. , Koenig P.
Published: August 2021

Especially in emerging markets, no emergency infrastructure is established. In case of an accident, passing road users need to call for help or the ambulance. An automated eCall to friends, family or in future directly to the rescue control with transmission of GPS position, probable injury pattern and injury severity could significantly improve the rescue chain and would save lives in large scale. Initial approaches to the prediction of an injury pattern were investigated in this paper. A simulation model of a reference vehicle and with a hybrid III 50 percentile dummy was built by using the program MADYMO. A large amount of real accident data was processed using an algorithm created in MATLAB. This made it possible to adapt the acceleration data with identical rules and to determine the different restraint system ignition times. The algorithm allows the data to be used in the simulation model. Furthermore, the corresponding accident descriptions were analysed and translated into protection criteria level by means of literature. For the subsequent evaluation, the assessment protocol (Version 8.0.3) of the European New Car Assessment Programme (EuroNCAP) was used. To validate the model, an ordinal rating system was created to compare the ratings of the simulation and the injury descriptions. The results indicate a good prediction of the injury patterns with an agreement of 39.56 percent. Especially considering that a large number of influencing parameters are unknown.
Fabrication and Testing of Applied-Field Magneto Plasma Dynamic Thruster with Argon Propellant
Authors: Akash C. , Mahavishnc M. , Manikandan E. , Manikandan M. , Vijayaraja K.
Published: August 2021

The experimental setup of applied-field Magneto Plasma Dynamic Thruster (MPDT) is a form of electrically powered spacecraft propulsion system. The thrusters are used for deep space mission, which consist of long duration, low thrust acceleration and less propellant storage. MPDT uses the force on the charged particle by an electromagnetic field to generate thrust. The technology takes high discharge current for two electrodes and solenoid coil as applied-field. In the present investigation, the high discharge current is replaced by a limited discharge current, it is reduced by the use of capacitors bank to discharge the current for two electrodes. The solenoid coils are replaced by permanent magnet as applied-field to generate the thrust. The basic requirements for MPDT are the power circuit made by capacitors bank of electrolytic type. The electrolytic capacitors are smaller in size and produces limited voltage, which will support limited current flowing between the two electrodes. The material used for anode and cathode are copper and tungsten respectively. A permanent magnet is fixed over the anode coaxially and cathode is placed in center. A propellant will be injected in between the two electrodes. The propellant gas used in this thruster is argon. The performance of the thruster is tested in vacuum condition and the thrust value is measured by a load cell. The prototype of MPDT is tested and measurement of discharge current, thrust, specific impulse and efficiency are carried out. The thrust for various discharge current is measured and the efficient operating conditions of MPDT can be obtained.