bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deficiencia de glucosa-6-fosfato-deshidrogenasa (G6PD) en individuos de la ciudad de Cartagena
Authors: Mendez-Cuadro Dario , Quinto Casalins Angélica , Rodriguez  Cavallo Erika , Moneriz Pretel Carlos
Published: November 2021

Introducción: La deficiencia de glucosa-6-fosfato-deshidrogenasa (G6PD) es considerada un mecanismo genético de protección frente a las complicaciones más graves de la malaria humana. No obstante, también representa un problema de salud pública, al ser la primera causa de anemia hemolítica de origen metabólico según la OMS. Su verdadera prevalencia en la región Caribe colombiana sigue sin ser determinada con precisión. Con el objeto de obtener un panorama de esta condición en Cartagena de Indias, se realizó este estudio piloto para la identificación de individuos deficientes de G6PD en la comunidad estudiantil de la Universidad de Cartagena y sus familiares. Métodos: Estudio piloto con 434 donantes voluntarios sometidos a ensayos de tamizaje de actividad de G6PD eritrocitaria mediante la prueba de Beutler sobre papel (spot test) y confirmatorios basados en la actividad enzimática cuantitativa. Resultados: Del total de donantes, 25 resultaron sospechosos de padecer la deficiencia correspondiente, de los cuales, 20 fueron confirmados mediante la actividad enzimática cuantitativa; alcanzado una frecuencia de 4,6% para esta afectación eritrocitaria. Conclusiones: La frecuencia de individuos deficientes de G6PD determinada en la muestra poblacional estudiada se ubica dentro los valores de prevalencia estimados para la población colombiana y ponen de manifiesto la necesidad de realizar estudios de tamizaje a mayor escala acompañados de pruebas de tamizaje molecular que permitan identificar las mutaciones con mayor penetrancia en la región Caribe colombiana.
Acute Mesenteric Ischemia in Severe Coronavirus (COVID19): Cases Report of 3 Patients
Authors:   Department of General Surgery, Hôpital Bichat Claude Bernard, Paris, France 46, rue Henri Huchard, 75018, Paris, France, B Acidi. , N AlChirazi. ,   Institute Gustave Rousey, Villejuif, France, N Medjmadj. ,   Centre Hospitalier Delafontaine, Seine Saint Denis, France, F Taha. ,   Centre Hospitalier Universities de Reims Champagne-Ardennes, Reims, France
Published: November 2021

Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory disease with pulmonary infection, but some patients experiment gastrointestinal symptoms, in the literature only few cases of mesenteric ischemia in patients with severe COVID-19 infections have been described. Cases We present 3 cases of patient with severe COVID-19, with gastrointestinal manifestation in which bowel lesion was observed and which took benefits from bowel resections. No evidence available conclusively demonstrated a thrombotic or embolic event in our cases, therefore a precise knowledge of the mechanism of bowel lesion in COVID-19 patients is essential. Clinical managing patients with COVID-19 whom manifest gastrointestinal symptomatology should be aware of the mesenteric ischemia involvement. Conclusion In conclusion, patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may show atypical presentations, such as gastrointestinal symptoms, precise knowledge of the mechanism of bowel lesion in COVID-19 patients are essential.
Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy for the Surgical Treatment of Obesity: Is It an Easy Procedure?
Authors:   Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Ospedale Cardarelli, Naples, Italy, Manno Emilio
Published: November 2021

Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is currently the most performed bariatric procedure in the world. The 4th International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders (IFSO) Global registry report (2014-18) estimates 87,015 procedures, equal to 45.9% of all bariatric procedures. Initially performed as the first step of the duodenals witch (biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch (BPD-DS)), a very complex malabsorptive procedure invented by a Canadian Surgeon P. Marceau as an evolution of the BPD, invented by N. Scopinaro, an Italian surgeon, LSG established itself in the early 2000s as a stand alone procedure, especially following the observations of Michael Gagner, pioneer of bariatric surgery. Over the years LSG has grown rapidly. The reasons for this popularity are the relative technical simplicity compared to other procedures, efficacy, good quality. For these reasons there has been a real explosion of bariatric surgery: many surgeons, driven by the relative simplicity of the procedure (longitudinal gastrectomy on the guide of a probe), begun to propose this procedure. So is LSG really an effective simple procedure that is good for all patients? Absolutely not. Performing a longitudinal gastrectomy can be simple; performing a good LSG is not.
FACTORS AFFECTING THE FALL RISK AND ASSISTIVE WALKING DEVICE USE OF PATIENTS WITH KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS
Authors: BAYKAL Tuba , ERDEMİR Esra
Published: November 2021

Objective

In this study, we aimed to investigate the risk of falling

in patients with advanced-stage knee osteoarthritis and

the rates of assistive walking device use, and the factors

affecting the use of these devices in such patients.

Materials and Methods

In this prospective, cross-sectional, observational

study, we included 79 patients (72 females, 7 males;

median age 60 years; range, 40 to 75) with advancedstage

knee osteoarthritis. We assessed the balance

status of the patients with the Berg Balance Scale,

pain levels with the Numeric Rating Scale, selfreported

disability scores with the Western Ontario

and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index.

Our primary outcome measurements were balance

status, and assistive walking device usage rates of

the patients. Secondary outcome measures were

age, obesity, disease severity, pain levels, disability

scores, and fall history.

Results

According to Berg Balance Scale, 40 (50.6 %)

patients had a risk of fall. Assistive walking device

usage rates were 21.5 % and 42.5 % for the total

of the patients and for the patients at risk of falling,

respectively. There was a statistically significant

difference in assistive walking device use between

those at risk of falling and those without (P
Meaningful Programming Learning Using Technology Integration: Implementation And Application Level
Authors: Husin Nurul Faeizah , Mohamad Judi Hairulliza , Hanawi Siti Aishah
Published: November 2021

Technology integration involves a combination of applications, media, systems, approaches and techniques guided by information and communication technology to increase student engagement and effectiveness of learning comprehension. Programming learning encounters a specific challenge related to students’ limited opportunities in dealing with real cases leading to inconsistent development of their interests and potentials. The integration of technology has a potential to provide a solution to this problem, but insuitable use of technology hinders students to gain meaningful learning and develop confidence in solving problems. This study develops a framework in the implementation of technology integration to promote meaningful learning for undergraduate students of programming courses. The study also measures the level of frequency and use of technology integration in meaningful learning of programming courses. The study identifies five main elements through literature to develop a framework namely learning technology, skills, application of technology, meaningful learning and contextual learning. Next, the measurement of the level of frequency and use of technology integration involves a sample of 109 undergraduate students in a programming course through stratified random sampling. The research framework is expected to provide guidance on the implementation of technology integration in meaningful programming learning and to measure the relevant elements. The findings of the study are expected to help educators and administrators to adopt and improve technology integration in meaningful learning for programming courses.
3dinfogan: 3d Models’ Reconstruction In Infogans
Authors: Chunqi Du , Hasegawa Shinobu
Published: November 2021

In computer vision and computer graphics, 3D reconstruction is the process of capturing real objects’ shapes and appearances. 3D models always can be constructed by active methods which use high-quality scanner equipment, or passive methods that learn from the dataset. However, both of these two methods only aimed to construct the 3D models, without showing what element affects the generation of 3D models. Therefore, the goal of this research is to apply deep learning to automatically generating 3D models, and finding the latent variables which affect the reconstructing process. The existing research GANs can be trained in little data with two networks called Generator and Discriminator, respectively. Generator can produce synthetic data, and Discriminator can discriminate between the generator’s output and real data. The existing research shows that InFoGAN can maximize the mutual information between latent variables and observation. In our approach, we will generate the 3D models based on InFoGAN and design two constraints, shape-constraint and parameters-constraint, respectively. Shape-constraint utilizes the data augmentation method to limit the synthetic data generated in the models’ profiles. At the same time, we also try to employ parameters-constraint to find the 3D models’ relationship corresponding to the latent variables. Furthermore, our approach will be a challenge in the architecture of generating 3D models built on InFoGAN. Finally, in the process of generation, we might discover the contribution of the latent variables influencing the 3D models to the whole network.
Cluster Analysis for Identifying Obesity Subrouops in Health and Nutritional Status Survey Data
Authors: Khalil Usman , Ahmed Malik Owais , Ching Lai Daphne Teck , Sok King Ong
Published: November 2021

This study presents the discovery of meaningful patterns (groups) from the obese samples of health and nutritional survey data by applying various clustering techniques. Due to the mixed nature of the data (qualitative and quantitative variables) in the data set, the best-suited clustering techniques with appropriate dissimilarity metrics were chosen to interpret the meaningful results. The relationships between obesity and the lifestyle affecting factors like demography, socio-economic status, physical activity, and dietary behavior were assessed using four cluster techniques namely Two-Step clustering, Partition Around Medoids (PAM), Agglomerative Hierarchical clustering and, Kohonen Self Organizing Maps (SOMs). The solutions generated by these techniques were analyzed and validated by the help of cluster validity (CV) indices and later on their associations were determined with the obesity classes to discover the pattern from the obese sample. Two-Step clustering and hierarchical clustering outperformed the other applied techniques in identifying the subgroups based on the underlying hidden patterns in the data. Based on the CV indices values and the association analysis (obesity factor with the cluster solutions), two subgroups were generated and profiles of these groups have been reported. The first group belonged to the middle-aged individuals who seem to take care of their lifestyle while the other group belonged to young-aged individuals who in contrast to the first group presented a careless lifestyle factor (i.e., physical activity and dietary behavior). The salient features of these subgroups have been reported and can be proposed for the betterment in the health care industry. The research helped in identifying the interesting subsets/groups within survey data demonstrating similar characteristics and health status (i.e., prevalence of obesity with respect to lifestyle factors like physical activity, dietary behavior etc.) which will help to suggest appropriate measures/steps to be taken by the concerned departments to counter them and prevent in the population.
The use of a “chimeric” autotissue complex from the subscapularis vascular basin for maxillary reconstruction after malignant tumors resection
Authors: Bolotin M.   V. , Sobolevsky V.  A. , Orlova I. V. , Gelfand I. M. , Chen H.
Published: November 2021

The objective of this work – to evaluate the results of reconstructive interventions using free revascularized tissue complexes of the scapular region in patients after maxillary resection for malignant tumors. 

Materials and methods. Between 2014–2020 the post-resection maxillary defects were replaced with free blood-sup plied flaps of the scapular region in 19 patients. In Group 1 (n = 10), the defect was eliminated after total maxillectomy with preservation of the eyeball using a “chimeric” tissue complex, parts of which were positioned in several planes. In Group 2 (n = 9), total and subtotal defects of the hard palate and alveolar process were replaced using a free flap with the inclusion of the scapula angle, which was placed horizontally. The functional and aesthetic results of the reconstructions, the degree of morphological correspondence of the reconstructed structures, as well as the incidence of postoperative complications were assessed. 

Results. In Group 1 total necrosis of the flap was noted in 2 cases (20 %), in 1 (10 %) case – necrosis of the skin fragment). In Group 2 graft necrosis was observed in 1 (11 %) patient. Satisfactory and excellent aesthetic and functional results were achieved in 6 (60 %) patients in Group 1 and 8 (89 %) patients in Group 2. 

Conclusion. The scapular flap has a number of advantages for microsurgical reconstruction, including the presence of a long vascular pedicle with large vessels, inclusion of different tissues, possibility of harvesting a “chimeric” version (with significant mobility of parts), low rate of vascular lesions in the area, and most importantly, morphologically close location of bone tissue of the scapula to the maxilla, which ensures successful application of this flap for maxillary repair in patients with advanced cancer of the upper jaw.
Evolution of treatment for children with esthesioneuroblastoma (1969–2019)
Authors: Rodina A. D. , Krylov A. S. , Gorbunova T. V. , Korolyov V. A. , Merkulov O. A. , Ivanova N. V. , Polyakov V. G.
Published: November 2021

Introduction. Esthesioneuroblastoma is a rare neuroectodermal malignant tumor. The incidence of this tumor in children under 15 years of age is 0.1 per 100,000 pediatric population. The information on incidence, disease course, and treatment of esthesioneuroblastoma in children vary significantly and depend on the follow-up period and statistical methods.

Objective – to assess risk factors for esthesioneuroblastoma and evaluate treatment strategies used in children and their prospects.

Materials and methods. This study included 29 patients aged 2 to 17 years diagnosed with esthesioneuroblastoma and treated at the Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, Ministry of Health of Russia between 1969 and 2019. The median age upon diagnosis was 10 years. Six patients (20 %) developed the disease early in their life (being under 3 years of age). Esthesioneuroblastoma was equally common in boys and girls. More than half of the patients (n = 15; 51 %) had stage IV disease. The primary tumor invaded the maxillary sinus (n = 25; 86 %), orbit (n = 10; 34 %), ethmoid sinus (n = 18; 62 %), and cranial cavity (n = 12; 41 %). The majority of children (n = 28; 96 %) received pharmacotherapy and radiotherapy (n = 27; 93 %); the total focal dose was 50 Gy in case of primary tumor. The affected cervical lymph nodes were irradiated in 10 (35 %) patients (total focal dose 40 Gy). Ten (35 %) patients have undergone surgery.

Results. The follow-up period varied between 3 months and 50 years. Nine (34 %) patients are still alive. Fourteen patients (48 %) died due to tumor progression; 1 (3 %) patient died due to complications from special treatment. Five (17 %) patients were lost to follow-up at different stages.

Conclusion. The following risk factors were associated with poor prognosis in children with esthesioneuroblastoma: disease onset in early childhood, no adequate diagnosis of distant metastases prior to specific treatment initiation, disseminated disease, and high Ki-67 index. In patients with advanced cancer, surgeries were effective only in combination with chemoradiotherapy. Long-term treatment outcomes in children with esthesioneuroblastoma are poor due to high risk of recurrence and tumor dissemination.
Fathers and Sons through the Lens of Ownership of Residential Premises
Authors: Mikhailova I. A.
Published: November 2021

The paper examines the sociolegal and economic significance of legislative measures taken to support families with children and granting the possibility of using maternal (family) fund for the acquisition, construction or reconstruction of residential premises. It analyzes numerous issues related to the acquisition, registration, exercise and protection of joint tenancy (the right to common share ownership of residential premises) acquired in this way, including: the procedure for determining the share in the ownership of residential premises acquired in this manner. The paper also examines factors on which the size of the share of each of the family members depends and parties to the agreements concluded regarding such a distribution. Much attention is also paid to the issues of whether it is mandatory, when determining the size of a share in the ownership of a dwelling, to take into account the opinion of a child who has reached the age of 10, and the competition between the rights and interests of parents and children in respect of dwellings belonging to them on the basis of a joint tenancy (common share property). On the basis of the analysis of the Soviet and Russian civil and housing legislation in order to prevent the violation of the rights of parents to such property by adult children living with them, the author makes a proposal to legally restrict the administrative powers belonging to children.

The author summarizes that the presence of an indissoluble consanguinity in the form of the origin of children from parents and the efforts of parents to take care of the child’s health, to meet the child’s needs, to provide conditions for the child’s full development and education necessitate a special legal consolidation of the rights to living premises belonging to children and parents on the ground of the right to joint tenancy (common shared ownership). The inclusion into Art. 246 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation of provisions restricting the administrative powers of adult children will constitute another step towards the humanization of Russian civil legislation.
The Main Signs of the Duality of the Specialist Position in Criminal Proceedings
Authors: Bondarenko L. K.
Published: November 2021

The author examines the problem of the special knowledge functioning in criminal proceedings. By synchronizing the institutions of the criminal procedure that regulate the legal relationship between the knowledgeable persons and the institution of criminal law regulating the responsibility of these participants in the commission of a crime against justice, the author demonstartes asymmetry between the rights and duties of a specialist. The subject of the study is constituted by the contradictions between the institutions of procedural and substantive law, namely, the discrepancy between the procedural complex (rights, duties, functions) of a specialist to the course of his criminal responsibility. For this purpose, a comparison is made between the rights and obligations of knowledgeable persons, based on the criteria of: a) the scope of procedural functions; b) the specificity of procedural rights and obligations; c) actual forms of special knowledge acceptable as evidence. On the basis of the revealed contradictions, the situation of competitiveness of special knowledge is investigated; the legal significance of the forms of special knowledge is determined. The author proposes a systematic solution, namely: 1) to clarify the procedural status of a specialist: to add the definition of “forensic specialist” to Art. 58, 61, 71, 74, 80, part 4 of Art. 164, art. 168, 251, 270, 271 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation; 2) to clarify the epistemological aspects of the research functions of a specialist in accordance with Part 3.1 of Art. 74, art. 80; Part 1.2 of Art. 144 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation; 3) to establish a mechanism for the responsibility of a specialist for giving a deliberately false opinion: to add to Art. 58 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, part 5 by analogy with part 5 of Art. 57 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation; to supplement the text of Part 1 of Art. 144 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation; to correct the content of Art. 307 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. Or release the specialist from criminal liability for the opinion expressed by him (even if it is deliberately false). The author proves that the proposed measures will promote adversarial evidence, increase the specialist’s subjective responsibility for the conclusion given by him, which corresponds to the institution of proving.

The main research methods are: general scientific methods, review and analysis of legislative sources, contextual method, semantic analysis and formal logical analysis.
Russia: The Path to Secularism or the Clericalization of Society and the State?
Authors: Meshcheryakova A. F.
Published: November 2021

Modern Russia shows an increasing interest in religion not just as an individual psychological phenomenon, but as a social institution that occupies a prominent place and actively participates in the life of the state and society. Against the background of the spiritual revival of the country, anticlerical trends appear, speculating on the constitutional principle of secularism and seeing its violation in almost any contacts of the state with religious associations. The main thesis of the paper is that the secular model of the state does not accept the interference of religious associations and authorities in each other’s affairs, but at the same time assumes their interaction, which should be outlined by the legislative framework.

The author examines the semantics of the term “clericalization” and concludes that it means not just the rapprochement of the state with the most influential confessions in society, but also the process of promoting the church’s interests with the help of state power. Based on an analysis of the current legislation, the historical experience of Russia’s development, the current state of state-confessional relations, it is concluded that it is premature to talk about clericalization in our country. This is supported by the existence of strict legal prohibitions and restrictions on the direct participation of religious associations and their representatives in politics, as well as the formal distancing of the church and the state from each other in solving political issues. The state and church interaction in the field of education is quite clearly regulated. However, in other areas of public life, the boundaries of such interaction are conditional, so the author believes that certain prerequisites are emerging for the development of clerical tendencies. Legal, historical and ideological prerequisites are highlighted. The author proposes to improve the legal regulation of some problematic aspects of state-confessional relations.
Comparative characteristics of a pacemaker implantation after biatrial or left atrial ablation of atrial fibrillation in combination with coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with ischemic heart disease and long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation
Authors: Kalybekova A. T. , Rakhmonov S. S. , Lukinov V. L. , Chernyavsky A. M.
Published: November 2021

Aim      To compare the incidence of a permanent pacemaker (PP) implantation based on the chosen treatment technology (biatrial ablation, BA, or left atrial ablation (LAA) for long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) with simultaneous coronary bypass (CB).

Material and methods  The study included 116 patients with long-standing persistent AF and indications for CB. Patients were randomized to two equal groups (58 patients in each). Group 1 underwent BA in combination with CB; group 2 patients underwent isolated LAA with simultaneous CB under the conditions of artificial circulation. Incidence of PP implantation was assessed during the early (to 30 days) and late (to 60 months) postoperative periods.

Results For the observation period, a total of 9 PPs was implanted in both groups, 6 in the BA group and 3 in the LAA group (odds ratio, OR, 0.5; 95 % confidence interval, CI, 0.1–2.4; р=0.490). During the early postoperative period, 5 patients in the BA group and 2 patients in the LAA group were implanted with PP (OR, 0.4; 95 % CI. 0–2.5; р=0.438). During the late postoperative period, one (2%) patient of the BA group was implanted with a permanent PP at 30 months of follow-up due to the development of sick sinus syndrome (SSS); also, one (2%) patient of the LAA group required PP implantation at 54 months of follow-up due to the development of SSS. The causes for PP implantation in the BA group included the development of complete atrioventricular (AV) block in 9 % of cases (95 % CI, 4–19 %); sinus node dysfunction and junctional rhythm in 2 % of cases (95 % CI, 0–9 %). Compared to this group, the LAA group showed a statistically significant difference in the incidence of AV block (0 cases, р=0.047). The major cause for PP implantation in the LAA group was the development of sinus node dysfunction in 3 (5 %) patients (95 % CI, 2–14 %).

Conclusion      The use of BA in surgical treatment of long-standing persistent AF with simultaneous myocardial revascularization is associated with a high risk of AV block, which requires permanent PP implantation in the postoperative period. Total incidence of permanent PP implantation for dysfunction of the cardiac conduction system following the combination surgical treatment of long-standing persistent AF and IHD, either CB and LAA or BA, did not differ between the treatment groups both in early and late postoperative periods.
The value of indicators characterizing the state of the cardiovascular system in assessing the hospital prognosis of COVID-19 patients
Authors: Kovtyukh I. V. , Gendlin G. E. , Nikitin I. G. , Baymukanov A. M. , Nikitin A. E. , Dvornikova S. N.
Published: November 2021

Background     Heart damage is one of complications of the novel coronavirus infection. Searching for available predictors for in-hospital death and survival that determine the tactic of managing patients with COVID-19, is a challenge of the present time.

Aim      To determine the role echocardiographic (EchoCG) parameters in evaluation of the in-hospital prognosis for patients with the novel coronavirus infection, COVID-19.

Material and methods  The study included 158 patients admitted for COVID-19. EchoCG was performed for all patients. The role of left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) was analyzed in various age groups. EchoCG data were compared with the clinical picture, including the severity of respiratory failure (RF), blood oxygen saturation (SрО2), data of computed tomography (CT) of the lungs, and blood concentration of troponin. Comorbidity was analyzed, and the highest significance of individual pathologies was determined.

Results LV EF ≤40 % determined the worst prognosis of patients with COVID-19 (p<0.0001), including the age group older than 70 years (р=0.013). LV EF did not correlate with the degree of lung tissue damage determined by CT upon admission (р=0.54) and over time (р=0.23). The indexes that determined an adverse in-hospital prognosis to a considerable degree were pericardial effusion (p<0.0001) and pulmonary hypertension (p<0.0001). RV end-diastolic dimension and LV end-diastolic volume did not determine the in-hospital mortality and survival. Blood serum concentration of troponin I higher than 165.13 µg/l was an important predictor for in-hospital death with a high degree of significance (р<0.0001). Th degree of RF considerably influenced the in-hospital mortality (р<0.0001). RF severity was associated with LV EF (р=0.024). The SpO2 value determined an adverse immediate prognosis with a high degree of significance (р=0.0009). This parameter weakly correlated with LV EF (r=0.26; p=0.0009). Patients who required artificial ventilation (AV) constituted a group with the worst survival rate (р<0.0001). LV EF was associated with a need for AV with a high degree of significance (р=0.0006). Comorbidities, such as chronic kidney disease, postinfarction cardiosclerosis and oncologic diseases, to the greatest extent determined the risk of fatal outcome.

Conclusion      EchoCG can be recommended for patients with COVID-19 at the hospital stage to determine the tactics of management and for the in-hospital prognosis.
Triple combination therapy with macitentan, riociguat, and selexipag in a patient with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (functional class III)
Authors: Proshkina A. A. , Tsareva N. A. , Nekludova G. V. , Avdeev S. N.
Published: November 2021

The article presents a clinical case of successful triple combination therapy in a female patient with functional class III idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. Supplementing the previous macitentan and riociguat treatment with selexipag reduced the severity of clinical manifestations of pulmonary hypertension. Also, the treatment efficacy was demonstrated by improvement of laboratory and instrumental indexes. Time-related changes were evaluated at 3 months after initiation of the selexipag treatment.
La brecha de infraestructura en América Latina y el Caribe: estimación de las necesidades de inversión hasta 2030 para progresar hacia el cumplimiento de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible
Authors: Brichetti Juan Pablo , Mastronardi Leonardo , Rivas María Eugenia , Serebrisky Tomás , Solís Ben
Published: November 2021

Este estudio tiene como objetivo estimar las inversiones que necesitaría realizar América Latina y el Caribe hasta el año 2030 para avanzar en el cumplimiento de los ODS. Los ODS no son compromisos vinculantes para los países, pero sí son una referencia internacionalmente reconocida sobre las metas que se espera que estos alcancen en los próximos años.
Uso de Facebook por parte de mujeres en duelo para recordar a sus seres queridos fallecidos
Authors: Marín-Cortés Andrés , Vélez-Zapata Valentina , Betancur-Hoyos Estefanía , Franco-Bustamante Sara , Herrera-Pérez Valentina
Published: November 2021

El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar los usos de Facebook por parte de mujeres en duelo por muerte para recordar a sus seres queridos fallecidos. El diseño fue cualitativo y el método, fenomenológico-hermenéutico. Se entrevistó a 29 mujeres adultas en proceso de duelo. Se halló que la función de “recuerdos” de Facebook genera emociones como la tristeza y la rabia durante los primeros momentos del duelo; esto se debe a que el algoritmo de la red social define los contenidos que aparecen sobre el fallecido. No obstante, en momentos posteriores del duelo, dicha función produce alegría porque ayuda a mantener viva la memoria sobre los fallecidos, no solo para las dolientes, sino para el amplio número de contactos y seguidores de la red social. Por otra parte, el uso de tecnologías digitales mantiene diversos registros de las personas (mensajes, fotografías, videos, etc.), los cuales son utilizados por las dolientes para construir perfiles conmemorativos que son permanente actualizados. Entonces, una experiencia como el duelo, que antes se consideraba privada e íntima, ahora se expresa y experimenta públicamente en escenarios digitales.
Economía política de la comunicación
Authors: Cruz Páez Pamela Johana
Published: November 2021

Este texto reflexiona sobre el audiovisual desde la economía política de la comunicación, que es una corriente crítica de pensamiento que ha ido transformándose desde la década de 1970 para abordar la complejidad de las industrias culturales. La televisión tiene particularidades que la convierten en “la única industria cultural en sentido estricto”. Por su alta concentración de propiedad de medios, es, también, un mercado donde se requieren estudios interdisciplinarios sobre pluralidad informativa.
El El grito eterno
Authors: Verdezoto Gabriela
Published: November 2021

La maternidad es un vórtice. Es una puerta de entrada a otra identidad. Maternar es un verbo que se conjuga desde el día que parimos hasta la muerte. Es camino sin retorno, atadura eterna; ese grito que durará toda la vida. El objetivo de este artículo es mostrar cómo en la vida diaria, la experiencia de la maternidad influye en cada una de nuestras acciones, decisiones, deseos y proyectos, e intentar reflexionar sobre cómo se sigue siendo periodista así: reportear y maternar ¿es posible? Ser madre viene con sacrificios y alegrías; exige dedicarle gran parte de nuestro tiempo. No hay horarios. Más que un oficio, es un vicio, una obsesión. Es poner el foco en el otro, siempre en el otro. Ser periodista, es lo mismo. También es una identidad, camino sin retorno, atadura eterna; es un estado del que no se puede regresar, como la maternidad. Este texto es una crónica inacabada del intento por conciliar las dos facetas. Al ser un ensayo literario, es difícil amoldarse al artículo académico. La metodología es la propia experiencia y el alevoso riesgo, a veces celebrado, a veces fallido, de hacer coincidir estas dos actividades. Las conclusiones siguen en proceso cómo la vida de su autora, de periodista a madre y viceversa, todos los días. Es posible hacerlo, pero hay días que no y, otros, que sí.
Nonlinear Predictive Control Method for Maximizing Wind Energy Extraction of Variable Speed Wind Turbines under Turbulence
Authors: Aissaoui Ahmed , Khouidmi Houari , Benzouaoui Ahmed , Bessedik Boubaker
Published: November 2021

Generally, wind turbines are controlled by Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) strategies in order to achieve maximum power extraction below its rated value. But it is very difficult to adjust the rotor speed according to the highly fluctuating wind speed accurately and quickly, due to the large inertia of wind turbines, and therefore, the efficiency of wind energy extraction will never reach its theoretical maximum value. To address this problem, a new method has been developed in this paper which is totally different from the known classical methods. In this paper a wind speeds prediction for maximum wind energy extraction (MWEE) of variable-speed wind turbines (VSWTs) is presented. A nonlinear predictive control is developed by solving a nonlinear optimization problem to generate the optimal generator torque sequence and consequently the previewed rotor speeds with maximum wind energy extraction. A detailed explanation has been provided of how this new method works through a detailed block diagram; accurate algorithm and flowchart. The proposed nonlinear predictive method takes full advantage and the MWEE objective is confirmed by the simulation results compared to the classical TSR methods.
Machine Learning for Monitoring of the Solenoid Valves Coil Resistance Based on Optical Fiber Squeezer
Authors: Amrane Said , Zahidi Abdallah , Abouricha Mostafa , Azami Nawfel , Nasser Naoual , Errai Mohamed
Published: November 2021

Solenoid valves represent indispensable elements in various engineering systems. Their failure can lead to unexpected problems. This failure may be caused by fluctuations in the coil resistance of the electromagnetic solenoid (EMS) which actuates these solenoid valves. Hence the need to monitor this parameter for a preventive maintenance of these actuators. The proposed method consists to use supervised machine learning to monitor coil resistance of the EMS valve. The EMS valve is coupled to an optical fiber squeezer which, acts as a force sensor. The solenoid armature applies a mechanical force to the optical fiber and changes the polarization state of the light that travels through the optical fiber and then this force infects the power of the light. A Simulink model is used to determine the open loop system step response. The identification of the system allows obtaining its transfer function, which depends on the parameters of the EMS and in particular on its coil resistance. By varying the coil resistance while fixing the other physical parameters of the EMS, we generate a database whose elements are the coefficients of the transfer function of the solenoid open loop and the electrical resistance of its coil. The generated database is used for training several supervised machine learning models whose predictors are the elements of the transfer function; the response is the coil resistance. The Gaussian process for regression allows to predict the variations of the coil resistance with the smallest relative error although it takes a relatively long time for the training compared to the other models used.
Adaptive Terminal Synergetic Synchronization of Hyperchaotic Systems
Authors: Haddadji Yamina , Harmas Mohamed Naguib , Bouafia Abdlouahab , Bouchama Ziyad
Published: November 2021

This research paper introduces an adaptive terminal synergetic nonlinear control. This control aims at synchronizing two hyperchaotic Zhou systems. Thus, the adaptive terminal synergetic control’s synthesis is applied to synchronize a hyperchaotic i.e., slave system with unknown parameters with another hyperchaotic i.e., master system. Accordingly, simulation results of each system in different initial conditions reveal significant convergence. Moreover, the findings proved stability and robustness of the suggested scheme using Lyapunov stability theory.
Post-translacyjne i post-transkrypcyjne mechanizmy regulacji aktywności hydroksylazy tyrozynowej w ośrodkowym układzie nerwowym-wpływ wysiłku fizycznego
Authors: Przybylska Iwona , Kania Damian , Tymosiewicz Piotr , Langfort Józef , Chalimoniuk Małgorzata
Published: November 2021

Liczne badania wskazują, że dopamina  (DA) jest ważnym regulatorem funkcji motorycznych, psychologicznych  i kognitywnych. Utrzymanie odpowiedniego stężenia DA jest warunkiem prawidłowego  działania tych funkcji.  W kontroli syntezy DA bierze udział hydroksylaza tyrozynowa (TH). Celem pracy niniejszej pracy jest  omówienie regulacji  aktywność TH  przy współudziale trzech głównych mechanizmów: 1) post-translacyjnego, z chwili na chwilę, poprzez fosforylację różnych miejsc w cząsteczce enzymu oraz 2) post-transkrypcyjnego, przy współudziale czynników transkrypcyjnych i  specyficznych miRNAs, oraz 3) mechanizm regulacji zwrotnej z udziałem DA. Istotnymi czynnikami uczestniczącymi pośrednio lub bezpośrednio w tych regulacjach aktywności TH i stężenia DA są BDNF,  testosteron, alfa-synukleina oraz kinazy białkowe.  

            Drastyczne obniżenie poziomu DA w układzie pozapiramidowym powoduje upośledzenie czynności motorycznych, psychologicznych i kognitywnych. Zwiększona aktywność fizyczna, w szczególności długotrwałe powtarzany wysiłek fizyczny zwiększając poziom testosteronu i BDNF we krwi, może aktywować zależne od nich szlaki sygnałowe zwiększając aktywność hydroksylazy tyrozynowej, a tym samym podnosić poziom dopaminy w układzie pozapiramidowym.
mikroRNA jako cel terapeutyczny w chorobach nowotworowych
Authors: Alwani Anna , Baj-Krzyworzeka Monika
Published: November 2021

MikroRNA (miRNA) to krótkie, niekodujące, jednoniciowe cząsteczki RNA (21-23 nukleotydów), które regulują ekspresję genów na poziomie potranskrypcyjnym poprzez wiązanie się do mRNA. miRNA wpływają na szereg procesów biologicznych takich jak: proliferacja, różnicowanie, angiogeneza, migracja czy apoptoza. Badania udowodniły udział miRNA w rozwoju chorób nowotworowych; od etapu inicjacji do powstawania przerzutów. Szerokie spektrum genów regulowanych przez miRNA w przebiegu choroby nowotworowej pozwoliło na wyróżnienie wśród nich miRNA supresorowych oraz miRNA onkogennych (tzw. onkomirów). Detekcja wybranych miRNA oraz monitorowanie zmian w profilu ich ekspresji mogą pomóc we wczesnym wykrywaniu komórek nowotworowych, a także służyć jako czynnik rokowniczy przebiegu choroby lub leczenia. Zdefiniowanie w komórkach nowotworowych genów docelowych dla „rozregulowanych” miRNA oraz opracowanie metod ich selektywnego wyciszania jest obiecująca strategią terapeutyczną. W niniejszej pracy omówiona została dotychczasowa wiedza na temat możliwości zastosowania miRNA jako markera diagnostycznego oraz potencjalnego celu w nowoczesnych terapiach przeciwnowotworowych.
Gamma-oryzanol jako przykład kompleksu estrów fitosteroli i kwasu ferulowego o szerokiej aktywności biologicznej
Authors: Młodzińska-Michta Ewa , Korzeniowska Weronika
Published: November 2021

Rośliny są naturalnymi laboratoriami, których wtórny metabolizm produkuje całe bogactwo związków chemicznych o ogromnym potencjale terapeutycznym. Olej ekstrahowany z otrębów ryżowych, stanowiących frakcję uboczną w procesie obróbki brązowego ryżu, obfituje w substancje biologicznie cenne. Jednym z głównych składników oleju ryżowego jest gamma-oryzanol stanowiący mieszaninę będących pochodnymi fitosteroli lub triterpenów oraz kwasu ferulowego. Substraty te charakteryzują się szeroką aktywnością biologiczną ściśle skorelowaną z ich właściwościami chemicznymi. Kluczowe w kontekście poprawy fizjologii i funkcjonowania organizmu są hipocholesterolemiczne oraz antyoksydacyjne właściwości tych związków. Z tego względu coraz więcej badań skupia się na wykorzystywaniu gamma-oryzanolu w terapiach wielu chorób przewlekłych, a nawet jako obiecującego, niefarmakologicznego środka leczniczego wspomagającego leczenie COVID-19 u osób cierpiących na nadwagę. W pracy scharakteryzowano strukturę chemiczną i działanie gamma-oryzanolu w oparciu o aktywność biologiczną estrów fitosteroli i kwasu ferulowego będących składnikami tej złożonej mieszaniny. Ponadto, opisano przykłady oddziaływania gamma oryzanolu na niektóre procesy fizjologiczne w organizmie człowieka i zwierząt.
Dysplazje ektodermalne – mechanizmy molekularne odpowiedzialne za występowanie najczęstszych zespołów chorobowych
Authors: Grabarczyk Alicja , Wertheim-Tysarowska Katarzyna , Bal Jerzy
Published: November 2021

Dysplazje ektodermalne stanowią dużą grupę genetycznie uwarunkowanych chorób, które charakteryzują się spektrum objawów dotyczących struktur pochodzenia ektodermalnego (najczęściej zębów, włosów, paznokci i gruczołów potowych). Zidentyfikowano kilkadziesiąt genów, których mutacje mogą skutkować wystąpieniem określonego fenotypu. Znane jest podłoże molekularne wielu dysplazji ektodermalnych, które, jak się okazuje, często wynika z zaburzonej komunikacji w szlakach sygnałowych kluczowych dla morfogenezy zarodkowej w zakresie powstawania tkanek pochodzenia ektodermalnego lub nieprawidłowo funkcjonujących specyficznych kompleksów białkowych odpowiedzialnych za homeostazę, przyleganie i stabilność komórek w tkankach. Na podstawie powyższych danych zaproponowano odmienne podejścia klasyfikacyjne dla dysplazji ektodermalnych, w których punktem wyjścia były objawy kliniczne lub informacje o podłożu molekularnym. Rozwój technologii molekularnych pozwolił na przestrzeni lat znacznie rozszerzyć możliwości diagnostyczne dla pacjentów z objawami dysplazji ektodermalnych. Z pewnością w najbliższych latach należy się spodziewać identyfikacji nowych genów i mutacji związanych z patogenezą dysplazji ektodermalnych.
Expediente
Authors: Agrogeoambiental Revista
Published: November 2021

Expediente
Сравнительные аспекты информативности ультразвуковой и рентген диагностики при уролитиазе у мелких домашних животных
Authors: Шмакова О.В. , Концевая С.Ю.
Published: November 2021

В настоящее время заболевания органов мочевыводящей системы мелких домашних животных одна из самых распространенных проблем в ветеринарии. В связи с разнообразием заболеваний, имеющих множество сходных клинических проявлений, всегда остается актуальным вопрос правильной и своевременной диагностики различных заболеваний почек, мочеточников, мочевого пузыря и уретры. В распоряжении современной ветеринарии находятся современные инструментальные методы диагностики, дающие возможность быстро и точно провести исследование органов мочевой системы животных, такие как ультрасонография (УЗИ), рентгенография, компьютерная томография . Однако и стоимость данных методов диагностики достаточно высока. Из-за кризиса и общего снижения уровня обеспеченности владельцев животных встает немаловажный вопрос о том, какие из инструментальных методов диагностики необходимы в первую очередь. В данной статье обсуждается целесообразность применения УЗИ и рентгенографии, а так же обосновывается необходимость их применения при диагностике такого распространенного заболевания мочевыводящих путей животных, как уролитиаз.
Рынок труда и конкурентоспособность молодых женщин ГБАО
Authors: Мамадаезова А.А.
Published: November 2021

В данной статье представлены определение конкурентоспособности рынка труда, конкурентоспособности молодежного рынка труда ГБАО которое охватывает сегмент женщины в возрасте от 19 до 30 лет обучающихся и закончившие Вуза в ГБАО.
COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF DENTAL ORTHOPEDIC MORBIDITY IN ELDERLY PEOPLE AND THE WAYS TO ELIMINATE IT
Authors: Fedorova Nadezhda , Saleev Rinat
Published: November 2021

Social longevity of elderly people is largely determined by their dental health. The ability to talk freely without feeling socially awkward due to bad breath or visible absence of teeth greatly facilitates the lives of elderly people engaged in work.

Unfortunately, the majority of elderly people have compromised dentitions, restored by dental prosthetic structures that meet social and functional requirements to varying degrees.

The high need of elderly people in stomatological orthopedic treatment and the demand for comprehensive dental rehabilitation determined the relevance and purpose of this publication.

Research methods. The object of the study was elderly people aged 60-74 years who sought dental orthopedic care in dental medical organizations, the sample size was 408 persons.

Results. The maximum number of patients in the 60-74 age group was found to have complete absence of teeth – 26.5%, the total number of patients with the first, second, third and fourth classes according to Kennedy classification was 13,3%, 24,7%, 24,9%, 10,6% accordingly. The total number of patients with the first Kennedy subclasses (class 1-3) was 135 persons (33.1%), with the second subclasses – 69 persons (16.9%), with the third subclasses – 53 persons (13.0%).

Conclusions. All types of orthopedic dental structures were manufactured for elderly patients. The choice of the dental prosthetic design used in orthopedic dental rehabilitation was determined by the type of dentition defect and met the principles of rational prosthetics.