bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fingerprint-based 2D-QSAR Models for Predicting Bcl-2 Inhibitors Affinity
Authors: Byadi Said , Eddine Hachim Mouhi , Sadik Karima , Podlipnik Črtomir , Aboulmouhajir Aziz
Published: April 2020

Background:

Bcl-2 family plays an essential role in the cell cycle events incorporating
survival, proliferation, and differentiation in normal and neoplastic neuronal cells. Thus, it
has been validated as a principal target for the treatment of cancer. For this reason, we will build
a model based on a large number of Bcl-2 inhibitors to predict the activities of new compounds
as future Bcl-2 inhibitors.

Methods:

In this study, QSAR models were successfully used to predict the inhibitory activity
against Bcl-2 for a set of compounds collected from BDB (Binding database). The kPLS (kernelbased
Partial Least-Square) method implemented in Schrodinger's Canvas, was used for searching
the correlation between pIC50 and binary fingerprints for a set of known Bcl-2 inhibitors.

Results and Discussion:

Models based on binary fingerprints with two kPLS factors have been
found with decent predictive power (q2 > 0.58), while the optimal number of factors is about 5.
The enrichment study (148 actives, 5700 decoys) has shown excellent classification ability of
our models (AUC > 0.90) for all cases).

Conclusion:

We found that the kPLS method, in combination with binary fingerprints, is useful
for the affinity prediction and the Bcl-2 inhibitors classification. The obtained promising results,
methods, and applications highlighted in this study will help us to design more selective Bcl-2
inhibitors with better structural characteristics and improved anti-cancer activity.
Screening of Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities of Indian Medicinal Plants
Authors: Mujawdiya Pavan K. , Kapur Suman
Published: April 2020

Background and Objective:

Chronic diseases are associated with low-grade inflammation
and oxidative damage. Traditional medicines have been used to manage these disorders due to their
high polyphenol content and potent antioxidant activity. We evaluated the in-vitro anti-diabetic and
antioxidant potential of extracts of several medicinal plants namely, Mangifera indica, Terminalia
arjuna, Moringa oleifera, Albizia lebbeck, Terminalia chebula and Hippophae rhamnoides.

Methods:

Total polyphenol, flavonoid, and saponin contents were estimated by standard methods.
Antioxidant activity was measured using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging
assay. The anti-diabetic potential was evaluated using in-vitro α-glucosidase inhibition assay.

Results:

Terminalia chebula was found to be the richest in both polyphenols (566.5 ± 21.9 μg Gallic
acid equivalents/mg of dry weight) and flavonoids (190.67 ± 10.78 quercetin equivalents/mg of dry
weight). Extract of Terminalia arjuna was the richest source of saponins (171.92 ± 12.48 μg saponin
equivalents/mg of dry weight). All plant extracts showed potent anti-oxidant activity as reflected by
their IC50 values in DPPH assay, with Albizia lebbeck (IC50 = 1.35 μg/ml) being the most potent. All
plant extracts also showed potent anti-diabetic activity as inferred from their ability to inhibit α-
glucosidase, the principal enzyme involved in the metabolism of dietary carbohydrates in the intestine.
It was observed that all tested extracts were more potent (IC50 2.53 to 227 μg/ml) in comparison
to the standard α-glucosidase inhibitor Acarbose (IC50=2.7 mg/ml).

Conclusions:

The plant extracts of Mangifera indica, Terminalia arjuna, Moringa oleifera, Albizia
lebbeck, Terminalia chebula, and Hippophae rhamnoides possess potent antioxidant and α-
glucosidase inhibitory potential and can aid in the management of postprandial hyperglycemia and
oxidative damage.
Stochastic Neighbor Embedding Algorithm and its Application in Molecular Biological Data
Authors: Wang Pan , Zhang Guiyang , Li You , Oad Ammar , Huang Guohua
Published: April 2020

With the advent of the era of big data, the numbers and the dimensions of data are
increasingly becoming larger. It is very critical to reduce dimensions or visualize data and then
uncover the hidden patterns of characteristics or the mechanism underlying data. Stochastic
Neighbor Embedding (SNE) has been developed for data visualization over the last ten years. Due
to its efficiency in the visualization of data, SNE has been applied to a wide range of fields. We
briefly reviewed the SNE algorithm and its variants, summarizing application of it in visualizing
single-cell sequencing data, single nucleotide polymorphisms, and mass spectrometry imaging
data. We also discussed the strength and the weakness of the SNE, with a special emphasis on how
to set parameters to promote quality of visualization, and finally indicated potential development
of SNE in the coming future.
Phanginin R Induces Cytoprotective Autophagy via JNK/c-Jun Signaling Pathway in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer A549 Cells
Authors: Zhang Le-Le , Bao Han , Xu Yu-Lian , Jiang Xiao-Ming , Li Wei , Zou Liang , Lin Li-Gen , Lu Jin-Jian
Published: April 2020

Background:

Cassane-type diterpenoids are widely distributed in the medical plants of genus Caesalpinia.
To date, plenty of cassane diterpenoids have been isolated from the genus Caesalpinia, and some of
them were documented to exhibit multiple biological activities. However, the effects of these compounds on
autophagy have never been reported.

Objective:

To investigate the effects and mechanisms of the cassane diterpenoids including Phanginin R (PR) on
autophagy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) A549 cells.

Methods:

Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence assay were performed to investigate the effects of the
compounds on autophagic flux in A549 cells. The pathway inhibitor and siRNA interference were used to investigate
the mechanism of PR. MTT assay was performed to detect cell viability.

Results:

PR treatment upregulated the expression of phosphatidylethanolamine-modified microtubule-associated
protein Light-Chain 3 (LC3-II) in A549 cells. Immunofluorescence assay showed that PR treatment increased
the production of red-fluorescent puncta in mRFP-GFP-LC3 plasmid-transfected cells, indicating PR promoted
autophagic flux in A549 cells. PR treatment activated the c-Jun N-terminal Kinase (JNK) signaling pathway
while it did not affect the classical Akt/mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. Pretreatment with
the JNK inhibitor SP600125 or siRNA targeting JNK or c-Jun suppressed PR-induced autophagy. In addition,
cotreatment with the autophagy inhibitor Chloroquine (CQ) or inhibition of the JNK/c-Jun signaling pathway
increased PR-induced cytotoxicity.

Conclusion:

PR induced cytoprotective autophagy in NSCLC A549 cells via the JNK/c-Jun signaling pathway,
and autophagy inhibition could further improve the anti-cancer potential of PR.
Evaluation of the Conditions for the Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Orange Peels and its Antibacterial Effect
Authors: Quiroz-Hernández Jose E. , Kharissova Oxana V. , Aguirre-Arzola Victor E. , Martinez-Avila Guillermo C.G. , Castillo-Velazquez Uziel
Published: April 2020

Aims:

To use an agroindustrial waste (orange peels) as a source of polyphenols as a reducing
medium for obtaining silver nanoparticles by greener method.

Background:

Several techniques have been employed for AgNPs synthesis, nevertheless, most of them
involve the use of toxic chemicals in the process. The use of fungi, bacteria, and plant extracts as subtracts
for green synthesis is an ecofriendly alternative, although hypothetic, route for AgNPs large
scale synthesis. In the case of plant extracts, it is believed that polyphenols are the biomolecules responsible
for the reduction and stabilization of the Ag+ ions into AgNPs, being a sustainable and ecological
option; polyphenols could be obtained from plant waste and agroindustrial subproducts.

Objective:

To develop an efficient, greener, and low-cost method of AgNPs production using natural
products.

Methods:

The basic principle of silver nanoparticles synthesis is the interaction in a mixture of silver
nitrate (source of Ag+ ions) and the orange peel extract (reducing and stabilizing agent) under certain
conditions. Five treatments were carried out, evaluating several parameters during AgNPs synthesis
such as pH, orange peel extract-silver nitrate ratio, time and conditions of incubation, irradiation of UV
light, irradiation of microwave, and temperature.

Result:

The synthesis of silver nanoparticles from an agroindustrial waste as the orange peel was successfully
carried out and checked by visual evaluation, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and EDS analysis. The
particle size was estimated between 42.82 nm to 151.75 nm, having a spherical and ovoid morphology.

Discussion:

Through the analysis of several synthesis conditions, it has become possible to establish a
suitable treatment to increase antibacterial yield and evaluate morphology and size traits in order to acquire
the best conditions for a future industrial scale synthesis.

Conclusion:

The orange peel aqueous extract resulted as a great source of polyphenols, allowing the
successful synthesis of silver nanoparticles in mild conditions. Thus, obtained AgNPs revealed an increased
antibacterial effect and potential against Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphyloccocus aureus.
The Behavior of Carbon Nano-tubes (CNTs) as a Modifier to Resist Aging and Moisture Damage in Asphalt
Authors: Arifuzzaman Mohammad , Tarefder Rafiqul A. , Islam Muhammad S.
Published: April 2020

Background:

Moisture damage and aging take place together in asphalt binder as it is
on road-pavement in service life and, therefore, quite challenging to overcome. Various
techniques, such as crumb rubber, fibers, etc. have been applied to improve the behaviour of
asphalt materials. The use of nanomaterials was found as one of the effective techniques to
develop temperature performances of asphalt binder.

Methods:

This study investigated moisture damage and aging of asphalt binder mixing with the
carbon nanotubes (CNTs) using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The base binder was primarily
modified with 4% SBS polymer. Later on, CNTs were mixed in different percentages (i.e. 0.5%,
1%, and 1.5%) by weight with the 4% styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS) modified binders. A
special functionalized (-NH3) AFM probe with spring constant 3.44 N/m was utilized to complete
the study.

Results:

The results were compared with 4% SBS modified asphalt with and without CNT
addition. The adhesion forces of dry samples were found smaller as compared to wet and aged
asphalt samples of with and without CNT. However, the adhesion forces of wet and aged samples
with the investigated percentage of CNT performed considerably better than those without CNT.

Conclusion:

This result indicated significant improvement of asphalt to overcome moisture
damage and aging owing to exposure in the outdoor environment as a paving material. This study
recommends any dosage (i.e. 0.5 to 1.5% by weight) of CNT with 4% SBS modified asphalt to
resist moisture damage and aging in the field.
Organocatalysed Synthesis of Selenium Containing Scaffolds
Authors: Sonawane Amol D. , Koketsu Mamoru
Published: April 2020

The synthesis of organoselenium compounds continues to be a very active research area, due
to their distinct chemical, physical and biological properties. Selenium-based methods have developed
rapidly over the past few years and organoselenium chemistry has become a very powerful tool in the
hands of organic chemists. This review describes the synthesis of organocatalysed bioactive selenium
scaffolds especially including transition metal-catalysed diaryl selenide synthesis, Cu-catalysed selenium
scaffolds, Pd-catalysed selenium scaffolds, asymmetric catalysis, Nickel catalysed selenium scaffolds
and Rh-catalysed selenium scaffolds.
A Novel Hybrid Approach for Multi-Objective Bi-Clustering in Microarray Data
Authors: Trivedi Naveen , Kanungo Suvendu
Published: April 2020

Background:

Today bi-clustering technique plays a vital role to analyze gene expression data in microarray technology. This technique performs clustering on both rows and columns of expression data simultaneously. It determines the expression level of genes set under the subset of several conditions or samples. Basically, obtained information is collected in the form of a sub matrix comprising of microarray data that satisfy coherent expression patterns of subsets of genes with respect to subsets of conditions. These sub matrices are represented as bi-clusters and overall process is called bi-clustering. In this paper, we proposed a new meta-heuristics hybrid ABC-MWOA-CC which is based on artificial bee colony (ABC), modified whale optimization algorithm (MWOA) and Cheng and Church (CC) algorithm to optimize the extracted bi-clusters. In order to validate this algorithm, we also delve into finding the statistical and biological relevancy of extracted genes with respect to various conditions. However, most of the bi-clustering techniques do not address the biological significance of genes belonging to extracted bi-clusters

Objective:

The major aim of the proposed work is to design and develop a novel hybrid multi-objective bi-clustering approach for in microarray data to produce desired number of valid bi-clusters. Further, these extracted bi-clusters are to be optimized to obtain optimal solution.

Method:

In the proposed approach, a hybrid multi-objective bi-clustering algorithm which is based on ABC along with MWOA is recommended to group the data into desired number of bi-clusters. Further, ABC with MWOA multi-objective optimization algorithm is applied in order to optimize the solutions using variety of the fitness functions.

Results:

In the analysis of the result, the multi-objective functions which are employed to judge the fitness calculation like Volume Mean (VM), Mean of Genes (GM), Mean of Conditions (CM) and Mean of MSR (MMSR) leads to improve the performance analysis of the CC bi-clustering algorithm on real life data set such as Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell cycle gene Expression datasets.

Conclusion:

The effectiveness of the ABC-MWOA-CC algorithm is comprehensively demonstrated by comparing it with well-known traditional ABC-CC, OPSM and CC algorithm in terms of VM, GM, CM and MMSR.
Knowledge representation model for intelligent power supply control system of special purpose control machines
Authors: Zatylkin A. V. , Goluschko D. A. , Kozhukhov E. V.
Published: April 2020

The problem of automating the process of reconfiguring the power supply system of onboard radio-electronic equipment in special-purpose control machines in different operation modes is considered. It covers power supply from different power sources, both while parked and when moving by developing and introducing the intellectual management to the structure of an electric power supply system. The analysis of the existing devices used to provide mobile objects with electrical energy of a direct current is carried out. Their advantages and drawbacks are highlighted. The conclusion is drawn on the necessity of new product development – the P910 power supply control panel with an integrated intellectual power supply management system. The model of representation of knowledge of the intellectual management system offered by authors is based on the classic productional model specified regarding the mechanism of forming and creating the database and rule base structures. The process of synthesizing managing influences that are based on analysis of information that describes a system status of control machines’ power supply is formalized. The operation algorithm of the intellectual power supply management system is developed and the chart illustrating its work is provided. The 1887BE7T domestic microcontroller is offered for the implementation of the model.
Ageing in Place or Late Life Move?. The Malaysian elderly generation housing options
Authors: Ismail Hafiszah , Muhamad Halil Faridah , Zainan Abidin Aida Wati , Hasim Mohamad Sufian
Published: April 2020

The elderly generation is distinctive, and this reflects their housing preferences. This study aims to offer an outline of the Malaysian generational elderly housing preferences. The main objectives of this study; (i) To define elderly; (ii) To classify the features of elderly housing preferences; and (iii) To ascertain the elderly housing preferences by generations. This study applies mixed-method strategy and shown; (i) Health; (ii) Safety; (iii) Convenience; (iv) Community; and (v) Amenity as the preferred elderly housing features. This study guides the main actors of property development on the preferred elderly housing by the Malaysian generations.Keywords: Ageing in Place; Generations, Elderly (Senior) housing; Residential Environment PreferenceseISSN 2398-4295 ©2020 The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v5i18.185
Fostering Community Engagement in Protecting Coastal Zone in Malaysia
Authors: Abdullah Yusfida Ayu , Nasrudin Na’asah , Khalid Nurul Shakila , Zafni Sham Zafran Abidin
Published: April 2020

For many years now, the coastal areas in Peninsular Malaysia have been experiencing coastal erosion issues. Various initiatives were executed to reduce the coastal areas from eroding further. This study aims at assessing the local community's beliefs and insight in protecting their beaches. Pantai Jeram and Pantai Remis were selected as the case study, and a questionnaire survey using purposive sampling was conducted involving 212 residents. Site observation and a focus group discussion were also operated. Results demonstrated severe damage to the coastal areas and revealed the awareness and willingness of the community to participate in community engagement programs.Keywords: Coastal Zone; Coastal Erosion; Coastal Management; Community EngagementeISSN 2398-4295 ©2020 The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v5i18.186
Understanding a Pedestrian Needs: Cases of metropolitan area
Authors: Sham Rohana , Abdamia Noranita , Amat Dia Widyawati , Md Yatim Nurul Huda
Published: April 2020

Understanding the pedestrian needs is crucial. Malaysian citizen, especially those living in the city centre, has been too dependent on private transports due to high dissatisfaction towards pedestrian design provision. This includes cleanliness, accessibility and connectivity. Main objective of the research is to determine the factors that affect pedestrian satisfaction and to propose a solution model. This research embarks into a quantitative study where daily and active pedestrian were interview using a stated preference survey in Kuala Lumpur urban area. The research suggests a details understanding of the pedestrian needs among urban citizen who live and work in the city.Keywords: Pedestrian Need; Urban Area; Infrastructure; SatisfactioneISSN 2398-4295 ©2020 The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v5i18.189
Vivências de educação, valores e diálogos: uma contribuição na formação de professores no contexto escolar amazônico
Authors: Abreu Verônica
Published: April 2020

Objetivos. Refletir que a violência nas escolas na Amazônia envolve determinantes de ordem político-sociais, econômico-culturais, mas insere-se na crise dos valores e trabalhar numa perspectiva da não violência resulta em mudança de comportamento e valores.Metodologia. Filosofias da cultura de paz no sentido de reconstruir relações com o outro, consigo mesmo e com o mundo. Expressar isso, nas intervenções em sala de aula é um exercício diário viabilizado pelas oficinas, mini-cursos e dinâmicas de promoção /reflexão das atitudes que envolvem os sujeitos sociais da escola, no caso, por meio da formação de educadores/professores.Principais Resultados. Envolvimento numa dimensão participativa, inclusiva e de mudança de relações conflituosas e violentas para comportamentos baseados em diálogos, valorização da pessoa segundo a dimensão de educação de Emmanuel Mounier e sua proposta transformadora por meio da qual a missão principal do trabalho social e da educação é ‘despertar pessoas’.Conclusões. Enfrentar a violência exige a junção de alternativas, entre elas, o Projeto Peregrinos da Paz, trabalho social voltado para a educação em valores como forma de empoderamento e resgate da cidadania de adolescentes e jovens. Esse sentimento é expresso nas palavras de um professor: Olhar o aluno por inteiro, de compreender sua situação social, econômica, familiar e discutir com ele, chama-lo ao diálogo, não ter uma atitude de piedade, mas trabalhar sua autonomia e confiança, ver além da violência que ele expressa em sala de aula. Isso eu tenho visto a mudança de alunos que eu achava que já estavam perdidos e condenados à bandidagem.
Herramientas Web 2.0 para el fortalecimiento de resolución de problemas aritméticos con enunciado verbal
Authors: Polo-Pacheco Henrser-De-Jesus , Ortiz-Záccaro Zulma
Published: April 2020

El trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo general Determinar la incidencia que tiene el uso de la herramienta Web 2.0 “Mangus Classroom” para el fortalecimiento de la competencia resolución de problemas tipo PAEV (Problemas Aritméticos con Enunciado Verbal) en estudiantes de Básica Primaria de Barranquilla. Su orientación metodológica fue de tipo prospectivo, longitudinal, cuasi-experimental, explicativo y con una modalidad de campo. La muestra estuvo representada por estudiantes de 4° 01 y 4° 02 de la IED La Milagrosa, Fe y Alegría, seleccionados a través de un muestreo por conveniencia. Se empleó para la recolección de datos una prueba tipo pre-test - pos-test. Se obtuvo como conclusión que el Grupo Experimental A (4º01) en los tipos de PAEV mostró competencias de tipo satisfactoria por lo que el uso de la herramienta Web 2.0 “Mangus Classroom” es importante como estrategia didáctica.
The Buffering Effect of Health Care Provider Video Biographies When Viewed in Combination With Negative Reviews: “You Can’t Fake Nice”
Authors: Perrault Evan K , Hildenbrand Grace M
Published: April 2020

Background

Patients seek information from numerous sources before choosing a primary care provider; two of the most popular sources are providers’ own online biographies and patient rating websites. However, prior research has generally only examined how these sources influence patients’ decisions in isolation.

Objective

This study aimed to determine how primary care providers’ online biographies and online patient ratings interact to affect patients’ decision making, especially in the face of negative reviews.

Methods

An 8-condition online experiment (n=866) was conducted, manipulating patient ratings and the timing of viewing a provider’s online biographical video (pre- or postrating viewing).

Results

When participants were shown a short video introduction of a provider after reading predominantly negative reviews a positive expectancy violation occurred, which was also related to more positive perceptions of the provider. When exposed to all negative reviews, 43% of participants indicated they would still choose to make an appointment with the provider, with many indicating that the video provided the evidence needed to help make up their own minds.

Conclusions

These findings are especially relevant to health care organizations seeking to combat a recent rise in fake patient reviews. Providing patients with realistic expectations of the care that clinicians can offer via their own online biographical videos can help counteract negative patient comments online.
The Tango of Problem Formulation: A Patient’s/Researcher’s Reflection on an Action Design Research Journey
Authors: Twomey Michael B , Sammon David , Nagle Tadhg
Published: April 2020

This paper reports on the reflection of the lead researcher, a 48-year-old patient with cystic fibrosis (CF), and aims to portray his real-life experience of a 10-month action design research (ADR) project. Playing a dual role, as both a patient and researcher, the lead researcher reflects deeply on his ADR experience with particular emphasis on the problem formulation stage of creating a simple yet impactful checklist to aid memory recall of CF patients or caregivers during a medical appointment. Using Driscoll’s model of reflection, a real-life unsanitized ADR experience is carefully imparted via a series of 4 vignettes, including 4 key learnings, which highlight the connection between a meticulous considered approach to problem formulation and truly effective outcomes. By providing this rich account of problem formulation within ADR, it is hoped that this reflection will help researchers to better understand the complexity of problem formulation in design-oriented research; to avoid making assumptions and becoming fixated on solutions; and to move instead to an end point where several possible ways of examining a problem have been considered, explored, and understood—an end point where successful end results are reached through grit and determination. This paper advocates for the inclusion and portrayal of the actual realities or ups and downs of this dynamic and evolving stage of ADR, capturing the often-tacit knowledge of problem formulation and begetting a sense of realism and humanity to ADR serving as knowledge contributions in their own right. The lead researcher is the patient and researcher in this ADR project. This is my story!
Use of a Machine Learning Program to Correctly Triage Incoming Text Messaging Replies From a Cardiovascular Text–Based Secondary Prevention Program: Feasibility Study (Preprint)
Authors: Lowres Nicole , Duckworth Andrew , Redfern Julie , Thiagalingam Aravinda , Chow Clara K
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

SMS text messaging programs are increasingly being used for secondary prevention, and have been shown to be effective in a number of health conditions including cardiovascular disease. SMS text messaging programs have the potential to increase the reach of an intervention, at a reduced cost, to larger numbers of people who may not access traditional programs. However, patients regularly reply to the SMS text messages, leading to additional staffing requirements to monitor and moderate the patients’ SMS text messaging replies. This additional staff requirement directly impacts the cost-effectiveness and scalability of SMS text messaging interventions.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to test the feasibility and accuracy of developing a machine learning (ML) program to triage SMS text messaging replies (ie, identify which SMS text messaging replies require a health professional review).

METHODS

SMS text messaging replies received from 2 clinical trials were manually coded (1) into “Is staff review required?” (binary response of yes/no); and then (2) into 12 general categories. Five ML models (Naïve Bayes, OneVsRest, Random Forest Decision Trees, Gradient Boosted Trees, and Multilayer Perceptron) and an ensemble model were tested. For each model run, data were randomly allocated into training set (2183/3118, 70.01%) and test set (935/3118, 29.98%). Accuracy for the yes/no classification was calculated using area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC), false positives, and false negatives. Accuracy for classification into 12 categories was compared using multiclass classification evaluators.

RESULTS

A manual review of 3118 SMS text messaging replies showed that 22.00% (686/3118) required staff review. For determining need for staff review, the Multilayer Perceptron model had highest accuracy (AUC 0.86; 4.85% false negatives; and 4.63% false positives); with addition of heuristics (specified keywords) fewer false negatives were identified (3.19%), with small increase in false positives (7.66%) and AUC 0.79. Application of this model would result in 26.7% of SMS text messaging replies requiring review (true + false positives). The ensemble model produced the lowest false negatives (1.43%) at the expense of higher false positives (16.19%). OneVsRest was the most accurate (72.3%) for the 12-category classification.

CONCLUSIONS

The ML program has high sensitivity for identifying the SMS text messaging replies requiring staff input; however, future research is required to validate the models against larger data sets. Incorporation of an ML program to review SMS text messaging replies could significantly reduce staff workload, as staff would not have to review all incoming SMS text messages. This could lead to substantial improvements in cost-effectiveness, scalability, and capacity of SMS text messaging–based interventions.
An Innovative Wearable Device For Monitoring Continuous Body Surface Temperature (HEARThermo): Instrument Validation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Yeh Chun-Yin , Chung Yi-Ting , Chuang Kun-Ta , Shu Yu-Chen , Kao Hung-Yu , Chen Po-Lin , Ko Wen-Chien , Ko Nai-Ying
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

Variations in body temperature are highly informative during an illness. To date, there are not many adequate studies that have investigated the feasibility of a wearable wrist device for the continuous monitoring of body surface temperatures in humans.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to validate the performance of HEARThermo, an innovative wearable device, which was developed to continuously monitor the body surface temperature in humans.

METHODS

We implemented a multi-method research design in this study, which included 2 validation studies—one in the laboratory and one with human subjects. In validation study I, we evaluated the test-retest reliability of HEARThermo in the laboratory to measure the temperature and to correct the values recorded by each HEARThermo by using linear regression models. We conducted validation study II on human subjects who wore HEARThermo for the measurement of their body surface temperatures. Additionally, we compared the HEARThermo temperature recordings with those recorded by the infrared skin thermometer simultaneously. We used intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and Bland-Altman plots to analyze the criterion validity and agreement between the 2 measurement tools.

RESULTS

A total of 66 participants (age range, 10-77 years) were recruited, and 152,881 completed data were analyzed in this study. The 2 validation studies in the laboratory and on human skin indicated that HEARThermo showed a good test-retest reliability (ICC 0.96-0.98) and adequate criterion validity with the infrared skin thermometer at room temperatures of 20°C-27.9°C (ICC 0.72, P<.001). The corrected measurement bias averaged –0.02°C, which was calibrated using a water bath ranging in temperature from 16°C to 40°C. The values of each HEARThermo improved by the regression models were not significantly different from the temperature of the water bath (P=.19). Bland-Altman plots showed no visualized systematic bias. HEARThermo had a bias of 1.51°C with a 95% limit of agreement between –1.34°C and 4.35°C.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings of our study show the validation of HEARThermo for the continuous monitoring of body surface temperatures in humans.
Leveraging Interdisciplinary Teams to Develop and Implement Secure Websites for Behavioral Research: Applied Tutorial (Preprint)
Authors: Martin Christie L , Kramer-Kostecka Eydie N , Linde Jennifer A , Friend Sarah , Zuroski Vanessa R , Fulkerson Jayne A
Published: April 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

Behavioral researchers are increasingly using interactive digital platforms, either as standalone or supplementary intervention tools, to facilitate positive changes in research participants’ health habits. Research-oriented interactive websites optimally offer a variety of participatory mediums, such as blogs, user-driven content, or health activities. Owing to the multidirectional features of interactive websites, and a corresponding need to protect research participants’ identity and data, it is paramount that researchers design ethical platforms that ensure privacy and minimize loss of anonymity and confidentiality. Authentication (ie, digital verification of one’s identity) of interactive sites is one viable solution to these concerns. Although previous publications have addressed ethical requirements related to authenticated platforms, few applied guidelines in the literature facilitate adherence to ethical principles and legally compliant study protocols during all phases of research website creation (feasibility, design, implementation, and maintenance). Notably, to remain compliant with ethical standards and study protocols, behavioral researchers must collaborate with interdisciplinary teams to ensure that the authenticated site remains secure and usable in all stages of the project. In this tutorial, we present a case study conducted at a large research university. Through iterative and practical recommendations, we detail lessons learned from collaborations with the Institutional Review Board, legal experts, and information technology teams. Although the intricacies of our applied tutorial may require adaptations based on each institution’s technological capacity, we are confident that the core takeaways are universal and thus useful to behavioral researchers creating ethically responsible and compliant interactive websites.
COVID-19 Crisis in Jordan: Response, Scenarios, Strategies, and Recommendations (Preprint)
Authors: Alqutob Raeda , Al Nsour Mohannad , Tarawneh Mohammed Rasoul , Ajlouni Musa , Khader Yousef , Aqel Ibrahim , Kharabsheh Saad , Obeidat Nathir
Published: April 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

As of April 12, 2020, a total of 389 cases of coronavirus disease were confirmed in Jordan. To control this imminent threat, Jordan has enforced public health infection prevention and control measures, called for social distancing, seized all forms of inbound and outbound movement and international travel, and enacted the Defence Law that transferred the authority to the Minister of Defence to work and formulate orders according to the situation. In an effort to support the government in anticipating the requirements of the health system in the upcoming period, an in-depth reflection and examination of different scenarios of the disease spread were developed. This viewpoint suggests different strategies and measures for case detection and contact tracing, clinical management of cases, public health system functioning, and civil society organizations’ contribution. It is necessary to accelerate containment of the disease to protect the economy and to maintain the continuity of some activities to mitigate the subsequent social, economic, and financial impacts. This requires finding a coping mechanism for a period that may be prolonged until laboratories develop a vaccine. Specifically, it is strongly recommended to promote community health awareness toward public health prevention and control measures, increase the efficiency and comprehensiveness of the epidemiological investigation and active and passive surveillance, and employ technology and digital health solutions to track cases and contacts. It is also recommended to increase and expand resources of intensive care units including respirators, increase the capacity and the number of trained health staff in the area of public health and epidemiology, ensure continued provision of essential public health programs, and mobilize the resources of nongovernmental sectors and donors to provide services for refugees and vulnerable populations.
Measuring the Outreach Efforts of Public Health Authorities and the Public Response on Facebook During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Early 2020: Cross-Country Comparison (Preprint)
Authors: Sesagiri Raamkumar Aravind , Tan Soon Guan , Wee Hwee Lin
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic presents one of the most challenging global crises at the dawn of a new decade. Public health authorities (PHAs) are increasingly adopting the use of social media such as Facebook to rapidly communicate and disseminate pandemic response measures to the public. Understanding of communication strategies across different PHAs and examining the public response on the social media landscapes can help improve practices for disseminating information to the public.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to examine COVID-19-related outreach efforts of PHAs in Singapore, the United States, and England, and the corresponding public response to these outreach efforts on Facebook.

METHODS

Posts and comments from the Facebook pages of the Ministry of Health (MOH) in Singapore, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in the United States, and Public Health England (PHE) in England were extracted from January 1, 2019, to March 18, 2020. Posts published before January 1, 2020, were categorized as pre-COVID-19, while the remaining posts were categorized as peri-COVID-19 posts. COVID-19-related posts were identified and classified into themes. Metrics used for measuring outreach and engagement were frequency, mean posts per day (PPD), mean reactions per post, mean shares per post, and mean comments per post. Responses to the COVID-19 posts were measured using frequency, mean sentiment polarity, positive to negative sentiments ratio (PNSR), and positive to negative emotions ratio (PNER). Toxicity in comments were identified and analyzed using frequency, mean likes per toxic comment, and mean replies per toxic comment. Trend analysis was performed to examine how the metrics varied with key events such as when COVID-19 was declared a pandemic.

RESULTS

The MOH published more COVID-19 posts (n=271; mean PPD 5.0) compared to the CDC (n=94; mean PPD 2.2) and PHE (n=45; mean PPD 1.4). The mean number of comments per COVID-19 post was highest for the CDC (mean CPP 255.3) compared to the MOH (mean CPP 15.6) and PHE (mean CPP 12.5). Six major themes were identified, with posts about prevention and safety measures and situation updates being prevalent across the three PHAs. The themes of the MOH’s posts were diverse, while the CDC and PHE posts focused on a few themes. Overall, response sentiments for the MOH posts (PNSR 0.94) were more favorable compared to response sentiments for the CDC (PNSR 0.57) and PHE (PNSR 0.55) posts. Toxic comments were rare (0.01%) across all PHAs.

CONCLUSIONS

PHAs’ extent of Facebook use for outreach purposes during the COVID-19 pandemic varied among the three PHAs, highlighting the strategies and approaches that other PHAs can potentially adopt. Our study showed that social media analysis was capable of providing insights about the communication strategies of PHAs during disease outbreaks.
The Importance of Studying and Education People Concerning International Peace and Wellbeing Searching for New Paradigms for Peace and Wellbeing in the World Community
Authors: Katsura Ryotaro
Published: April 2020

We have to seriously accept that it is impossible for future generations to inherit the earth with harmony between nature and human beings without true freedom from armies and structural violence. With this in mind, we would like to take the human upbringing and creative activities as the basis for peace education.
FURTHER PROPERTIES OF THE DYNAMICAL CLOCK A+ INDICATOR IN A TOY MODEL OF PURE DYNAMICAL FRICTION
Authors: Pasquato M.
Published: April 2020

The Alessandrini A+ indicator is a measure of star cluster dynamical evolution based on the mass-segregation of blue straggler stars. A+ is defined as the integral of the cumulative distribution of blue stragglers over log radius, minus a term related to the reference population used. In a companion paper I introduced a model of dynamical friction and calculated the A+ indicator analytically. Here I show further properties of the time evolution of A+, focusing on the physical interpretation of its time derivative dA+ /dt. I find that dA+ /dt is the mean of the reciprocal dyamical friction timescale, weighted by the density of blue stragglers. I show that it is non-negative (as expected based on monotonicity) due to the density of blue-stragglers being non-negative and that, for a radially non-decreasing dynamical friction timescale, dA+ /dt is also non-decreasing with time, making A+ a convex function.
REVISITING FS AURIGAE AND ITS TRIPLE CATACLYSMIC VARIABLE SYSTEM HYPOTHESIS
Authors: Chavez Carlos E. , Aviles Andres , Georgakarakos Nikolaos , Ramos Cesar , Aceves Hector , Tovmassian Gagik , Zharikov Sergey
Published: April 2020

A very long term variability (VLPP), with period of 875 days, was observed in the long-term light curve of FS Aurigae (FS Aur) in 2011. This periodicity was calculated over 6 cycles. We re-examined the periodicity with new observations over the past 5 yrs. A total of 18 years of observations confirm the hypothesis of a third body perturbing in a secular way the cataclysmic variable (CV). Improvements to the model such as eccentric and inclined orbits for the third body and a binary post-Newtonian correction are considered. We confirm the VLPP of FS Aur and find the new period of 857 ± 78 days. The secular perturbations are most efficient when the mass of the third body is M₃≈ 29MJ, much less than the 50MJ reported in 2011. We estimate the effect of the third body on the mass transfer rate and on the brightness of the system. We consider alternative scenarios for the VLPP. New data and analysis support the hypothesis that FS Aur is a CV in a triple system.
ON THE EVOLUTION OF ANGULAR MOMENTUM, MAGNETIC ACTIVITY AND MASS LOSS RATE OF LATE TYPE MAIN SEQUENCE STARS
Authors: Bohigas J.
Published: April 2020

With the best data, I find that nearly all 0.5 to 1.2 M main sequence stars converge to a single rotational mass-dependent sequence after 750 Myr; when M > 0.8 M_, most of them converge in ≈ 120 Myr. If stars rotate as rigid bodies, most have angular momenta within clear bounds. The lower bound defines a terminal main sequence rotational isochrone, the upper one coincides with slow rotators from the Pleiades; stars from Praesepe delineate a third one. Mass dependent exponential relationships between angular momentum and age are determined. Age estimates based on the angular momentum are acceptable for stars older than 750 Myr and with M > 0.6− 0.7 M_⨀. The Rossby number indicates that the Parker dynamo may cease early on in stars with M/M_≥ 1.1. An empirical formula and a model for the torque, and a relation between rotational period and magnetic field, lead to a formula for the evolution of the mass loss rate; the present solar rate is near a minimum and was about five times larger when life on Earth started.
Relationships between sales ethics, corporate social responsibility, trust, attitude, and loyalty in the real estate brokerage industry
Authors: Chen Wen-Chi , Hsieh Kuan-Mien , Lin Chueh-Shih , Lee Chun-Chang , Yu Cheng , Lin Ying-Chen , Hong Jian-Chuan
Published: April 2020

We employed structural equation modeling to explore how sales ethics, corporate social responsibility, trust, and attitude influence customers' loyalty in the real estate brokerage industry. Participants were 466 real estate brokerage customers in Kaohsiung, Taiwan. The empirical results
show that the greater the degree of recognition that customers have of the industry's sales ethics, the more they acknowledge the industry's corporate social responsibility and the more they trust the industry. Moreover, a stronger customer perception of the industry attitude had a significant
positive influence on loyalty, such that trust had an indirect effect on loyalty through the mediator of attitude. This implies that sales ethics and corporate social responsibility are integral factors that influence customers' loyalty in the real estate brokerage industry.
Consumers' perceptions of food service firms' philanthropy: Roles of fit and perceived authenticity
Authors: Jeon Hyeon-Mo , Jeon Do-Hyun , Kim Seon-Hee , Ki Eun-Hye
Published: April 2020

We used philanthropy–product fit, philanthropy–consumer lifestyle fit, and authenticity to empirically examine the determinants of consumers' perceptions of food service firms' philanthropy. We recruited 458 participants who had purchased from 1 of 3 food service brands
and had perceived that the firm had implemented philanthropy. The results indicate that perceived authenticity had the greatest influence on perceived philanthropy, followed by philanthropy–consumer lifestyle fit and then philanthropy–product fit. Further, perceived philanthropy
positively influenced consumer loyalty. Thus, we have affirmed the importance of the fit between perceived authenticity and consumer lifestyle to enhance consumers' perception of firms' philanthropy.
Servant leadership behavior: Effects on leaders' work–family relationship
Authors: Zhou Danni , Liu Sheng-Min , Xin Huanhuan
Published: April 2020

We examined the process of leaders' resource loss through servant leadership behavior (SLB) based on conservation of resources theory. Participants were 72 department managers each paired with 1 of their subordinates, who were employed by 5 enterprises in Eastern China. We used the
experience sampling method and asked the department managers to complete a 10-day diary survey. The employees filled in a conscientiousness scale. A multilayer linear model was used for data analysis. The results show that as participants' SLB led to daily resource loss, the relationship between
their work and their family life deteriorated. In addition, employee conscientiousness acted as an escape valve, slowing the loss effect of SLB, and indicating that servant leaders experience less resource loss and emotional exhaustion when employees have a strong sense of responsibility.
These results broaden understanding of and provide new insight into the role and practice of SLB.
Social media use and employee innovative behavior: The mediating role of employee voice
Authors: Han Qingjiang , Xia Lei
Published: April 2020

We examined employee voice as the mediator in the social media use–employee innovative behavior relationship in the current Web 2.0 age. We used structural equation modeling to test this mediating role with 178 employees of a large enterprise in China. The results showed a significant
positive relationship between social media use and employee voice, and between employee voice and innovative behavior, and a positive but not significant relationship between social media use and employee innovative behavior. Results also supported a full mediating role for employee voice
in the social media use–employee innovative behavior relationship. Our findings extend prior research and suggest some mechanisms of social media use. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.