bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Direct Synthesis of CuP2 and Cu3P and Their Performance as Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution, Oxygen Evolution, and Oxygen Reduction Reactions
Authors: Ma Xiao , Huang Xueni , Lachgar Abdessadek
Published: March 2024

Copper phosphides are promising materials for energy conversion applications because of their unique electronic structure and controllable composition. Two stoichiometric copper phosphides, CuP2 and Cu3P, were prepared by direct wet-chemical synthesis using red phosphorus. They were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The precursor selection, reaction temperature, time and solvent composition were also studied. CuP2 is the thermodynamically more stable product, but Cu3P is more commonly obtained. This work demonstrated that higher temperature helps in CuP2 formation. More importantly, using more trioctylphosphine oxide helps control the morphology leading to crystal growth along the crystallographic a-axis. CuP2 and Cu3P were tested for hydrogen evolution, oxygen evolution, and oxygen reduction reactions. CuP2 works better for HER in acidic conditions and OER in general, and Cu3P showed better activity than CuP2 for HER and ORR in an alkaline medium. This study has led to a simple approach to the synthesis of CuP2 nanowires.
Quick Roadmap for Exposure Assessment of Contaminants in Food
Authors: Udovicki Bozidar , Djekic Ilija
Published: March 2024

The presence of chemical contaminants in food is often unavoidable and associated with many adverse health effects. Exposure assessment is the essential element of an overall risk assessment process. While the specific purpose of the exposure assessment process can vary, the main goal is to provide a foundation for health-protective decisions. In recent years, there have been significant advances in exposure assessment methodologies and procedures, subsequently contributing to an increased complexity of the process. This paper aims to provide a generalized, simplified, and practical road map for exposure assessment, pointing to the pros and cons of different methods and challenges that occur while performing this type of study.
Characteristic Analysis of Carbon Sink Capacity Changes in Xinjiang’s Terrestrial Ecosystem Based on EEMD
Authors: Zhang Yongji , Zheng Jianghua , Zhang Jianli , Mu Chen , Han Wanqiang , Liu Liang
Published: March 2024

Net Ecosystem Productivity (NEP) is an important measure to assess the carbon balance and dynamics of ecosystems, providing a direct measure of carbon source–sink dynamics in terrestrial ecosystems and finding widespread applications in carbon cycle research. However, the nonlinear characteristics of NEP in Xinjiang’s terrestrial ecosystems remain unclear. Additionally, the influence of land use patterns, temperature, and precipitation variations on carbon sink capacity remains unclear. Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD) is used to investigate the nonlinear variation of NEP in Xinjiang. Landscape pattern analysis of Xinjiang’s land use patterns from 1981 to 2019 is conducted using a 30 km moving window, and the interannual relationships between NEP, land use patterns, and meteorological factors are investigated through EEMD detrending analysis and Pearson correlation. The findings indicate that: (1) NEP exhibits interannual variations, primarily concentrated in the foothills of the Tianshan Mountains, with a three-year cycle. (2) Although NEP changes in most regions are not significant, urban clusters on the northern slopes of the Tianshan Mountains show noteworthy trends, with initial decrease followed by an increase, covering around 34.87% of the total area. Areas at risk of NEP decline constitute approximately 7.32% of the total area. (3) Across Xinjiang, we observe a widespread rise in patch fragmentation and complexity, coupled with a decline in patch connectivity and the size of the dominant patch. Additionally, there is a notable increase in both the diversity and evenness of land use types. However, the correlation between land use patterns and NEP is generally found to be insignificant in the majority of areas, with a percentage exceeding 85%. (4) Approximately 62% of regions in Xinjiang have NEP that is positively correlated with temperature, with significance observed in 33% of these areas. Furthermore, almost 95% of regions demonstrate that NEP is positively correlated with precipitation, with significance noted in 83% of these regions. It appears that precipitation exerts a more pronounced influence on NEP fluctuations in Xinjiang when compared to temperature.
Research on Voltage Sag Loss Assessment Based on a Two-Stage Taguchi Quality Perspective Method
Authors: Guo Cheng , Zhang Xinyuan , He Mi , Wang Linling , Yang Xuanming
Published: March 2024

Voltage sags resulting from symmetrical or asymmetrical faults pose a significant threat to power quality. In response to this challenge, a voltage sag loss assessment method based on a two-stage Taguchi quality perspective approach is proposed to address the quantitative analysis of voltage sag economic losses. Initially, using the Taguchi quality perspective method, single-index quality loss functions are separately established for voltage sag magnitude and fault duration. Subsequently, by introducing a comprehensive load tolerance curve, sensitivity parameters within the quality loss function are accurately calculated. This yields a deterministic model for voltage sag assessment. Building upon this, the relative impact of the two indices on voltage sag loss is evaluated using the quality loss function. Consequently, a comprehensive loss model under the influence of multiple indices is formed by integrating two single-index evaluation models. The simulation results indicate that this method can effectively assess the economic losses of voltage sags under the combined influence of multiple factors. Compared to the original economic loss assessment method, it improves quantitative accuracy by approximately 3.72%. Moreover, the method reduces the computational complexity of loss assessment through the consolidation of intervals with similar sensitivity parameters.
Energy Sustainability Indicators for the Use of Biomass as Fuel for the Sugar Industry
Authors: Borges Reinier Jiménez , Iturralde Carrera Luis Angel , Bastida Eduardo Julio Lopez , García-Martínez José R. , Carrillo-Serrano Roberto V. , Rodríguez-Reséndiz Juvenal
Published: March 2024

There are numerous analytical and/or computational tools for evaluating the energetic sustainability of biomass in the sugar industry. However, the simultaneous integration of the energetic–exergetic and emergetic criteria for such evaluation is still insufficient. The objective of the present work is to propose a range of indicators to evaluate the sustainability of the use of biomass as fuel in the sugar industry. For this purpose, energy, exergy, and emergy evaluation tools were theoretically used as sustainability indicators. They were validated in five variants of different biomass and their mixtures in two studies of technologies used in Cuba for the sugar industry. As a result, the energy method showed, for all variants, an increase in efficiency of about 5% in the VU-40 technology compared to the Retal technology. There is an increase in energy efficiency when considering AHRs of 2.8% or Marabu (Dichrostachys cinerea) (5.3%) compared to the V1 variant. Through the study of the exergetic efficiency, an increase of 2% was determined in both technologies for the case of the V1 variant, and an increase in efficiency is observed in the V2 variant of 5% and the V3 variant (5.6%) over the V1 variant. The emergetic method showed superior results for the VU-40 technology over the Retal technology due to higher fuel utilization. In the case of the V1 variant, there was a 7% increase in the renewability ratio and an 11.07% increase in the sustainability index. This is because more energy is produced per unit of environmental load.
Analysis of the Geodesic Motions of Massive Particles in Kerr–Sen–AdS4 Spacetime
Authors: Cai Ziqiang , Liu Ming , Wang Wen-Qian , He Tong-Yu , Han Zhan-Wen , Yang Rong-Jia
Published: March 2024

We consider geodesic motions in Kerr–Sen–AdS4 spacetime. We obtain equations of motion for light rays and test particles. Using parametric diagrams, we show some regions where radial and latitudinal geodesic motions are allowed. We analyze the impact of parameters related to the dilatonic scalar on the orbit and find that it will result in more rich and complex orbital types.
Evaluation of Electric Vehicle Performance Characteristics for Adaptive Supervisory Self-Learning-Based SR Motor Energy Management Controller under Real-Time Driving Conditions
Authors: Saiteja Pemmareddy , Ashok Bragadeshwaran , Upadhyay Dharmik
Published: March 2024

The performance of an electric vehicle (EV) notably depends on an energy management controller. This study developed several energy management controllers (EMCs) to optimize the efficiency of EVs in real-time driving conditions. Also, this study employed an innovative methodology to create EMCs, efficiency maps, and real-time driving cycles under actual driving conditions. The various EMCs such as PID, intelligent, hybrid, and supervisory controllers are designed using MATLAB/Simulink and examined under real-time conditions. In this instance, a mathematical model of an EV with a switched reluctance (SR) motor is developed to optimize energy consumption using different energy management controllers. Further, an inventive experimental approach is employed to generate efficiency maps for the SR motor and above-mentioned controllers. Then, the generated efficiency maps are integrated into a model-in-loop (MIL)-based EV test platform to analyze the performance under real-time conditions. Additionally, to verify EV model, a real-time driving cycle (DC) has been developed, encompassing various road conditions such as highway, urban, and rural. Subsequently, the developed models are included into an MIL-based EV test platform to optimize the performance of the electric motor and battery consumption in real-time conditions. The results indicate that the proposed supervisory controller (59.1%) has a lower EOT SOC drop compared to the PID (3.6%), intelligent (21.5%), and hybrid (44.9%) controllers. Also, the suggested controller achieves minimal energy consumption (44.67 Wh/km) and enhances energy recovery (−58.28 Wh) under different real-time conditions. Therefore, it will enhance the driving range and battery discharge characteristics of EVs across various real-time driving conditions.
Comparison of Detomidine or Romifidine in Combination with Morphine for Standing Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Horses
Authors: Vullo Cecilia , Gugliandolo Enrico , Biondi Vito , Biffarella Marco , Catone Giuseppe , Tambella Adolfo Maria
Published: March 2024

The aim of this study was to determine the most appropriate sedation protocol for a standing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination in horses, comparing continuous rate infusions (CRIs) of detomidine and romifidine combined with a single bolus of morphine. Sixteen horses referred for standing low-field open-magnet MRI were randomly assigned to one of two sedation protocols. The horses were premedicated with 0.03 mg/kg of intramuscular acepromazine, and those animals belonging to Group D received an intravenous (IV) loading dose of detomidine (0.01 mg/kg) 30 min later, while those of Group R received romifidine (0.04 mg/kg). If the horses were inadequately sedated, an additional dose of IV detomidine (0.005 mg/kg) or romifidine (0.02 mg/kg) was administered, according to the animal’s group. During the MRI, a single IV bolus of morphine (0.05 mg/kg) was administered, and according to which group it belonged to, the animal started the administration of detomidine (0.01 mg/kg/h) or romifidine (0.02 mg/kg/h). Heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), rectal temperature (RT), depth of sedation, and degree of ataxia were evaluated every 10 min during MRI. Two horses belonging to Group D and four horses from Group R needed additional sedation before entering the MRI unit because they were unsatisfactorily sedated. No side effects were observed following morphine bolus administration. During the MRI procedure, five horses in Group R received an additional IV romifidine bolus (0.01 mg/kg) because the depth of sedation score was 1 and the ataxia score was 0. Any substantial differences were recorded between the two treatments in terms of HR, RR, and RT. In conclusion, at the doses used, a detomidine–morphine combination following a CRI of detomidine appears more suitable than a romifidine–morphine combination following a CRI of romifidine for maintaining an adequate depth of sedation and adequate immobility in horses undergoing standing MRI.
Reuse of Retired Lithium-Ion Batteries (LIBs) for Electric Vehicles (EVs) from the Perspective of Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) in Taiwan
Authors: Chuang Yu-Sen , Cheng Hong-Ping , Cheng Chin-Chi
Published: March 2024

Over the last 50 years since Whittingham created the world’s first lithium-ion battery (LIB) in 1970, LIBs have continued to develop and have become mainstream for electric vehicle (EV) batteries. However, when an LIB for an EV reaches 80% of its state of health (SOH), although it still retains about 80% of its capacity, it is no longer suitable for use in general EVs and must be retired. This is problematic because not only is a retired LIB still viable for use and not totally obsolete, if not properly disposed of, a retired LIB may cause environmental pollution on top of being a waste of resources. Therefore, the reuse of retired LIBs from EVs is increasingly important. This paper uses circular economy (CE) and extended producer responsibility (EPR) as a theoretical basis to deal with the disposal of retired LIBs from EVs in Taiwan from legal, technical, and economic perspectives, and hopes to provide suggestions for the reuse of retired LIBs from EVs in Taiwan.
Meshing characteristics and dynamic characteristics of planetary transmission system with new tooth-type flexible ring gear
Authors: Hu Shengyang , Shen Gang , Fang Zongde , Guan Yabin , Hou Xiangying
Published: March 2024

As one of the important components of the planetary transmission system, dynamic meshing characteristics of ring gear directly affect the performance of planetary transmission system load sharing and dynamic load factor. With the help of the flexibility of ring gear, the planetary gear
system with flexible ring gear (FRG) can compensate for the uneven transmission torque of each branch caused by the machining error and installation error and improve the system's load sharing and dynamic load performance. An L-shaped FRG was developed in Italy to improve the traditional ring
gear and was used in the latest AW101 helicopter with good feedback. By increasing the ring flexibility, the load distribution between planetary gears is more uniform, and the load-sharing performance of the system is significantly improved. Tooth wear and fracture caused by uneven load distribution
can be improved. However, the structure has problems such as unbalanced loading, strength weakening, and stress concentration. In this article, the FRG's meshing and structural characteristics are analyzed in detail by constructing the parametric finite element model. Differences, advantages,
and disadvantages of FRG and traditional ring gear are compared. A new type of tooth-type FRG is proposed. It has excellent structural flexibility meshing characteristics of tooth surface and avoids generating stress concentration. It improves the planetary gear train's load-sharing performance
and overcomes tooth surface unbalanced loading and large amplitude fluctuation of loaded transmission errors.
The principal component of body height linear type traits and its relationship level to milk yields as Holstein cattle selection criterion
Authors: Prabowo Sigid , Garip Mustafa
Published: March 2024

The essential body height characteristics associated with milk yields must be carefully identified. In particular, this study sought to identify the most relevant body height dimension trait as a selection criterion for the milk yield increase program. The test animals for the study were 121 heads of Holstein cows, and seven characteristics of body height were recorded for each cow separately. Principal component analysis (PCA), correlation, and regression were used to analyze the data. As an analytical tool, the R program 4.2.1 with RStudio was employed. The primary elements discovered in PCA's output were the wither height (WTH), back height (BCH), rump height (RMH), thurl height (TLH), tail-head height (THH), and pins height (PNH). Afterward, the correlation and regression analysis findings showed that the rear udder height (RUH) had the highest priority in correlating with milk yields, followed by the thurl height (TLH). In conclusion, it is proposed that the RUH be utilized for the cow selection scheme while the TLH is used for the calf and heifer selection programs.
Micellized conjugated linoleic acid as an immune modifier feed additive for suckling calves
Authors: Khalili Behrooz , Abdı-benemar Hosein , Seıfdavatı Jamal , Zamanloo Mohammad Reza
Published: March 2024

This study attempted to assess the effects of micellized conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) as a feed additive for suckling calves on their growth performance and blood metabolic, oxidative, and immune parameters. Forty-eight Holstein calves were divided among four experimental groups (12 calves/treatment), including 1) calves with no CLA supplementation (CON), 2) calves supplemented with 1 gr CLA/d as micellized form by dissolving 5 mL/d of a CLA-contained emulsion in milk (CLA1), 3) calves supplemented with 2 gr CLA/d as micellized form by dissolving 10 mL/d of a CLA-contained emulsion in milk (CLA2), and 4) calves supplemented with 3 gr CLA/d as micellized form by dissolving 15 mL/d of a CLA-contained emulsion in milk (CLA3). Calves in the CON group received 10 mL of the emulsion medium with no CLA. Feeding micellized CLA via whole milk resulted in a linear increase in blood glucose concentration on day 40 (P=0.04) and total protein (P<0.01), albumin (P<0.01), and triglyceride (P=0.02) concentrations on day 20 of the experiment. The inclusion of micellized CLA resulted in a linear decrease (P<0.05) in blood malondialdehyde concentration at both periods but had no effect on blood total antioxidant status. On day 20, tumor necrosis factor-alpha level in the blood of suckling calves exhibited a quadratic effect with micellized CLA inclusion; however, interleukin-6 concentration was not affected. The use of 3 g per day of micellized CLA, via daily milk has the potential to reduce inflammation in young calves during the pre-weaning period.
Реалізація мотиву «відродження» в моновиставах «Прекрасний звір у серці!» та «Момент кохання»
Authors: Нищук Євген
Published: March 2024

У статті проаналізовано концепт відродження (відновлення) у моновиставах «Прекрасний звір у серці!» та «Момент кохання». Мотив відродження має особливу евентуальну значущість для сучасної соціокультурної ситуації в Україні, надає можливість глядацькій аудиторії за допомогою моновистав пережити катарсис, тобто очищення душі та її відновлення задля боротьби з ворогом. Аналізовані у статті моновистави є частиною загального наративу спротиву, який сьогодні формує українська культура, інтенсифікуючи форми національної самоідентифікації та визначаючи вектори відродження країни після Перемоги. У такому разі жанр моновистави виконує важливу суспільну функцію, формуючи наратив національного відродження й сприяючи консолідації громадянського суспільства.
Еволюція гриму в кінематографі України1920-х-2023 років
Authors: Хомутецька Олена
Published: March 2024

На прикладі низки картин українського кінематографа1920-х – 2023 років, проаналізовано та визначено основні етапи розвитку кіногриму в Україні. Розглянуто зміни, що відбулися в галузі гримерного мистецтва, залежно від соціального та технічного розвитку суспільства. Проаналізовано підходи художників-гримерів до створення образів, залежно від впровадження таких інновацій у кіновиробництві, як чутлива плівка, електричне освітлення, павільйонні зйомки тощо. У статті акцентовано увагу на ключовій ролі кіногриму в підвищенні якості виробництва фільмів в Україні.
Note esegetico-testuali a Dione di Drusa III : Sulla filosofia (or. LXX)
Authors: Amato Eugenio
Published: March 2024

Notes critiques au discours LXX (Sur la philosophie) de Dion de Prase.
Beyond the Polis : Island Koina and Other non-Polis Entities in the Aegean
Authors: Constantakopoulou Christy
Published: March 2024

Nous analysons quelques attestations de koina dans les îles de la mer Égée, en particulier un décret d’Héraclée (IG XII, 7 509) et deux décrets de Syme (IG Suppl. XII, 3 1269 & 1270). Nous soutenons que les koina dans ces décrets représentent des communautés politiques de citoyens et de résidents, c’est-à-dire de non-citoyens, engagés dans le processus de décision politique. Ces koina illustrent la complexité de la participation politique dans les communautés du monde grec. Autrement dit, au lieu de considérer le monde grec comme essentiellement le monde de la polis grecque, les koina nous montrent qu’il a existé des formes alternatives de formations politiques, qui dépassaient l’opposition binaire entre citoyens et non‑citoyens.
Justice or Harmony ? Reconciliation after Stasis in Dikaia and the Fourth-Century BC Polis
Authors: Gray Benjamin
Published: March 2024

Une fois la paix rétablie après une période de guerre civile (stasis), les cités grecques se trouvaient confrontées à un choix difficile entre la justice et l’harmonie : soit les coupables, une fois désignés, devaient être punis, soit l’ordre civique et la concorde devaient être rétablies entre tous les citoyens, sans provoquer des récriminations. J’aborde cette problématique en me concentrant sur une inscription publiée récemment concernant les termes d’une réconciliation qui eut lieu à Dikaia en Chalcidique entre 365 et 359 av. J.-C. Il est frappant que les conciliateurs à Dikaia, contrairement à la plupart des autres conciliateurs bipartites grecs, ne se soient pas empêchés de donner aux citoyens une occasion de poursuivre des revendications de justice contre les prétendus malfaiteurs. Selon cet article, cette décision rare et assez audacieuse doit être comprise comme, en partie, la mise en oeuvre des valeurs et idées civiques, complexes et cohérentes, que l’inscription exprime. D’ailleurs, ce texte illustre bien comment les inscriptions des cités grecques dévoilent, d’une façon nouvelle, la pensée éthique et politique de la cité grecque.
À propos de la création des magistri militum par Constantin Ier
Authors: Landelle Marc
Published: March 2024

This paper offers a reexamination of Constantine’s creation of the magistri militum : having increased the prefects’ numbers, the emperor transferred their military powers (management of troops, discipline and eventually effective command) to the magistri militum. He intended not to strip the prefects of power, but to relieve them, in a difficult context (campaigns on the Danube, numerous federates to incorporate to the army, growing complexity of units denomination). Consistent evidences allow to narrow the chronological range of this change, around 328 AD.
Les rapaces guerriers dans la céramique grecque
Authors: Normand Hélène
Published: March 2024

Raptors, because they are predators, were thought of as warrior birds by the Greeks : this is proved not only by the numerous comparisons and metaphors which can be found in literature from the Homeric poems onwards, but also by the iconographic documents. In this paper we will see how warrior raptors are drawn in Greek ceramics – how we can (or cannot) recognize what sort of bird is pictured, and in what different types of scenes these birds can be found.
Les médecins dans les provinces danubiennes
Authors: Dana Madalina
Published: March 2024

Cette contribution s’intéresse aux médecins présents dans les provinces danubiennes, originaires de ces régions ou étrangers (par exemple, les médecins militaires) : Pannonies, Dalmatie, Dacies, Mésies. La base documentaire est constituée majoritairement des sources épigraphiques, sans négliger les apports de l’archéologie (par exemple, l’iconographie des monuments funéraires érigés pour les médecins et l’inventaire des tombes), alors que les sources littéraires sont limitées. Notre attention portera sur l’origine des médecins, leur statut et leur milieu social (militaires/ civils, hommes libres/ esclaves et affranchis), leurs domaines de compétences et la mobilité intra-provinciale, dans le cadre de l’Empire.
The Coinage and History of Achaiion in the Troad
Authors: Ellis-Evans Aneurin
Published: March 2024

La provenance de deux exemplaires de monnaie de bronze de Troade avec le monogramme AX (fin IVe-début IIIe s. a. C.) a été habituellement attribuée à Achilleion. Cependant, les fouilles menées sur le site d’Achilleion n’ont jamais révélé autre chose qu’un fort. Ces pièces devraient donc être attribuées à Achaion, connu par Strabon comme la cité principale à proximité de la pérée de Ténédos. Outre ces exemplaires, Achaion a aussi frappé un monnayage de bronze au IIe siècle a. C. Ces deux périodes de frappe correspondent probablement à deux moments d’indépendance d’Achaion par rapport à Ténédos, interrogeant du même coup l’importance de la pérée dans l’économie ténédienne et celle du monnayage de bronze dans la reconstruction de l’histoire politique de la Troade hellénistique.
Contribution à l’histoire du gymnase d’Érétrie : un nouveau décret pour un gymnasiarque du début du IIIe siècle av. J.‑C.
Authors: Ackermann Delphine , Ackermann Guy
Published: March 2024

Recent excavations conducted by the Swiss School of Archaeology in Greece in the gymnasium of Eretria on the island of Euboea have clarified the layout and chronology of this public institution, built in the early Hellenistic period to provide athletic, military and intellectual education for young Eretrians. A new inscription uncovered in 2017 sheds light on some little-known aspects of the life of this institution. Erected in honour of a gymnasiarch at the beginning of the 2nd century, it sheds light on the first years of activity within the gymnasium complex, particularly during the gymnasium’s endof-year festival and allows us to better understand the distribution of the different age groups between the two gymnasium establishments of the city of Eretria, namely the gymnasium and the southern palaestra. Above all, it is the earliest inscription in the Greek world to honour a gymnasiarch, and more generally, one of the first epigraphic documents on this magistracy.
ARAP DİLİ İLİMLERİNDE DİLİN ÇAĞRI İŞLEVİNİN ARKA PLANI
Authors: Akyüz Yusuf
Published: March 2024

Çağrı işlevi tamamen alıcı odaklı olan, alıcıyı belli bir hedef doğrultusunda güdülemeyi amaçlayan işlevdir. Bu işlev dışında dilin göndergesel, üst dil, (dil ötesi) sanatsal ve kanalı kontrol gibi birçok işlevi bulunmaktadır. Dilin işlevleri modern dilbilim alanları içerisinde çeşitli tasniflere tabi tutulmakla beraber Roman Jakobson’un tasnifi esas alınarak konu incelenmektedir. Roman Jakobson dilsel iletişim için konuşucu, dinleyici, bağlam/konu, bildiri, kanal ve koddan oluşan altı unsurun gerekliliğinden bahsettikten sonra dilin işlevlerini bu etmenlere dayanarak belirlemektedir. Ona göre göndericiyle ilgili duygusal, konuyla/bağlamla ilgili göndergesel, alıcıyla ilgili çağrı, iletişim kanalıyla ilgili ilişki, dille ilgili metadil ve bildiriyle ilgili şiirsel işlev olmak üzere dilin altı temel işlevi bulunmaktadır. Çalışmada Arap dili nahiv ve belagat ilimlerinde dilin alıcıyı harekete geçirme işlevi olan çağrı işlevinin arka planında dikkat edilmesi gereken hususlar konu edilmektedir. Jakobson dilin çağrı işlevinin temel özelliğinin muhatabı etkilemek, harekete geçirmek ve muhatabın bir eylemi sergilemesini sağlamak olarak özetlemektedir. Erken dönem Arap dili nahiv ve belagat kaynaklarında dilin çağrı işlevi kavramsal olarak ele alındığı gibi bu işlevin gerçekleşmesi için konuşmacıyı bağlayan hususlar ve bu amaçla kullanılabilecek dilsel üsluplar da tafsilatlı bir şekilde işlendiği görülmektedir.
KUR’ÂN-I KERİM KIRÂATİNDE VÜCÛHÂT İLE TİLÂVET EDİLEN AŞR-I ŞERİF’İN MAKAMSAL ANALİZİ: İSMAİL BİÇER ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: Yılmaz Esra
Published: March 2024

Vahyin ilk muhatapları çeşitli kabilelere mensuplardı. Bu kabileler Arapçayı kendilerine mahsus lehçelerle konuşmaktalardı. Arap dili ile nazil olan Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’in hatasız, güzel ve anlaşılır okunması Hz. Peygamber’in önem verdiği hususlar arasında yer almaktaydı. Yüce Allah tarafından Hz. Peygamber’e Kur'ân-ı Kerîm’in ilahi mesajının insanlara anlaşılır şekilde ulaşmasını sağlamak amacıyla ruhsat verildi. Hz. Peygamber, Cebrail vasıtasıyla aldığı bu ruhsatı sahabilere nakletti. Ayrıca Hz. Peygamber, Kur’ân tilâvetini en güzel ses ve seda ile yapılmasını da övmekteydi. Dolayısıyla Hz. Peygamber’in hem Kur'ân’ı anlayarak uygulamayı hem de tilâvet estetiğini önemsediği görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada öncelikle kırâat ilminin tarihsel süreci anlatılarak, kırâat imamları ve râvileri hakkında kısaca bilgi verilmektedir. İsmail Biçer’in daha önce çalışılmamış olan vücûhât ile hicâz makamında tilâvet ettiği aşrı şerîf incelenmektedir. Biçer’in okuduğu Hicr Sûresi 86/87. ayetleri notaya alınıp makamsal olarak izahı yapıldıktan sonra makam geçkileriyle uygulanan kırâat vecihleri ayrı ayrı analiz edilmektedir. Biçer, Kur’ân kırâatinde vücûhâtları uygularken tek düze değil her bir vecihte farklı makam geçkilerinin uygulanabilirliğini bu tilâvetinde sunmaktadır. Biçer ilgili tilâvette kırâat ve mûsikî ilmini beraber uygulayarak her iki disiplinin de ortak paydalarını göstermektedir.
Multilayer MoS
2
Photodetector with Broad Spectral Range and Multiband Response
Authors: Chen Xia-Yao , Su Dan , Li Ke-Han , Song Yuan-Jun , Xia Peng , Zhang Xiao-Yang
Published: March 2024

As a typical 2-dimensional material, molybdenum disulfide (MoS
2
) has atomic thickness in longitudinal size, showing unique optical and electrical properties. MoS
2
has become a research hotspot in the field of photodetection. The properties of MoS
2
devices are highly dependent on their material characteristics, device structures, and fabrication techniques. Therefore, their photoresponse characteristics may be determined by multiple physical effects, which contribute to the development of MoS
2
-based broadband photodetectors. Here, we present an experimental study on the broadband MoS
2
photodetector ranging from 410 to 1,550 nm, obviously wider than that of conventionally reported MoS
2
photodetectors. Our results indicate that the performance of the MoS
2
device is dependent on the fabrication procedures. Under the optimal process, the maximum responsivity is 33.75 A W
−1
and the corresponding specific detectivity is 6.1 × 10
11
cm Hz
1/2
W
−1
at 480-nm illumination. Through a series of electrical and optoelectronic experimental analysis, the working mechanisms of multiband photoresponse of the MoS
2
device are clarified.
Multifunctional Ablative Gastrointestinal Imaging Capsule (MAGIC) for Esophagus Surveillance and Interventions
Authors: Park Hyeon-Cheol , Li Dawei , Liang Rongguang , Adrales Gina , Li Xingde
Published: March 2024

Objective and Impact Statement:
A clinically viable technology for comprehensive esophagus surveillance and potential treatment is lacking. Here, we report a novel multifunctional ablative gastrointestinal imaging capsule (MAGIC) technology platform to address this clinical need. The MAGIC technology could also facilitate the clinical translation and adoption of the tethered capsule endomicroscopy (TCE) technology.
Introduction:
Recently developed optical coherence tomography (OCT) TCE technologies have shown a promising potential for surveillance of Barrett’s esophagus and esophageal cancer in awake patients without the need for sedation. However, it remains challenging with the current TCE technology for detecting early lesions and clinical adoption due to its suboptimal resolution, imaging contrast, and lack of visual guidance during imaging.
Methods:
Our technology reported here integrates dual-wavelength OCT imaging (operating at 800 and 1300 nm), an ultracompact endoscope camera, and an ablation laser, aiming to enable comprehensive surveillance, guidance, and potential ablative treatment of the esophagus.
Results:
The MAGIC has been successfully developed with its multimodality imaging and ablation capabilities demonstrated by imaging swine esophagus ex vivo and in vivo. The 800-nm OCT imaging offers exceptional resolution and contrast for the superficial layers, well suited for detecting subtle changes associated with early neoplasia. The 1300-nm OCT imaging provides deeper penetration, essential for assessing lesion invasion. The built-in miniature camera affords a conventional endoscopic view for assisting capsule deployment and laser ablation.
Conclusion:
By offering complementary and clinically viable functions in a single device, the reported technology represents an effective solution for endoscopic screening, diagnosis, and potential ablation treatment of the esophagus of a patient in an office setting.
Nanodrug Delivery Systems in Antitumor Immunotherapy
Authors: Guo Zishuo , Ye Jinhong , Cheng Xuehao , Wang Tieshan , Zhang Yi , Yang Kaili , Du Shouying , Li Pengyue
Published: March 2024

Cancer has become one of the most important factors threatening human health, and the global cancer burden has been increasing rapidly. Immunotherapy has become another clinical research hotspot after surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy because of its high efficiency and tumor metastasis prevention. However, problems such as lower immune response rate and immune-related adverse reaction in the clinical application of immunotherapy need to be urgently solved. With the development of nanodrug delivery systems, various nanocarrier materials have been used in the research of antitumor immunotherapy with encouraging therapeutic results. In this review, we mainly summarized the combination of nanodrug delivery systems and immunotherapy from the following 4 aspects: (a) nanodrug delivery systems combined with cytokine therapy to improve cytokines delivery in vivo; (b) nanodrug delivery systems provided a suitable platform for the combination of immune checkpoint blockade therapy with other tumor treatments; (c) nanodrug delivery systems helped deliver antigens and adjuvants for tumor vaccines to enhance immune effects; and (d) nanodrug delivery systems improved tumor treatment efficiency and reduced toxicity for adoptive cell therapy. Nanomaterials chosen by researchers to construct nanodrug delivery systems and their function were also introduced in detail. Finally, we discussed the current challenges and future prospects in combining nanodrug delivery systems with immunotherapy.
Pengaruh Harga Terhadap Kepuasan Konsumen Nanostore
Authors: Ardini Rifa Luthfiyah , Chaniago Harmon
Published: March 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh harga barang terhadap kepuasan konsumen pada ritel tradisional kelas nanostore di Kota Cimahi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah deskriptif kuantitatif, data primer dikumpulkan melalui penyebaran kuesioner terhadap 410 orang responden serta analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan regresi linear sederhana. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa harga berpengaruh sebesar 58,2% terhadap kepuasan konsumen. Ditemukan juga bahwa harga berpengaruh positif terhadap kepuasan konsumen sehingga semakin baik harga yang ditawarkan oleh pedagang nanostore maka semakin tinggi tingkat kepuasan konsumen setelah melakukan pembelian.
Cine colombiano reciente
Authors:   , Parra Orozco Juan David
Published: March 2024

Se revisa un corpus de películas cinematográficas de producción colombiana en relación con el conflicto armado. Se plantean tres conceptos: ríos, cuerpos y silencios a partir de los cuales se expone una argumentación tipo ensayo sobre las derivas contemporáneas de la creación de cine en Colombia par comprender el proceso de paz en medio de una larga historias de violencias.
Sorghum Response to Supplementary Irrigation at Different Growth Stage in Rain-Fed Agriculture for Increasing Yield and Water Productivity at Raya Valley
Authors: Nurga Yetagesu , Mebrahtu Yemane , Mehari Hagos
Published: March 2024

In arid and semi-arid ecosystems, the efficient use of water becomes increasingly important because water is a crucial limiting factor for increased food and fibre production to supply an ever-growing number of people. A field experiment was conducted in three consecutive seasons three year in Mekhoni Agricultural Research Centre, Raya valley, to investigate with the objective of to evaluate the influence of supplemental irrigation applied at different growth stages on the yield, to prevent sorghum failure caused by less rain water and to maximize the water productivity of the sorghum. The experiment was laid out in a random complete block design (RCBD) consisting of eleven supplemental irrigation treatments (one supplemental irrigation during initial stage, one supplemental during development stage, one supplemental during mid-stage, one supplemental during Late stage, one supplemental during initial and development stage, one supplemental during initial and mid stage, one supplemental during initial and late stage, one supplemental during development and late stage, one supplemental during development and late stage and rain-fed (with no SI) as a control treatment with three replications. The result was showed a significant difference on plant height, panicle length, grain, biomass yield and water productivity sorghum. The highest grain yield was obtained from the treatment supplement one SI at development and mid stage and followed by one SI at mid stage and at late stage. Whereas, the lowest grain yield of sorghum was observed from treatment with rainfed (non-supplementary). It is concluded that in the study area the rain fed amount were very inadequate and supplementary irrigation will help to increase crop productivity, minimize crop failure due to the low rainfed. The experiment showed that supplementary irrigation offers a great potential for improving crop production in Raya valley.
Ciência Cidadã em Sala de Aula: uma Proposta de Sequência Didática sobre Arboviroses e seus desafios de Percepção Pública
Authors: Mendes Michelle , Reis Rodrigo Arantes , Joucoski Emerson
Published: March 2024

Este trabalho nasceu com o objetivo de oferecer aos professores do ensino fundamental II, sexto e sétimo ano, uma forma de abordar os conteúdos relacionados às arboviroses, neste caso a dengue, buscando desenvolver habilidades que partam dos fenômenos ocorridos no ambiente próprio da escola, e posteriormente, da comunidade no entorno. A Sequência Didática apresentada no decorrer desta unidade está atrelada aos fundamentos da didática de educação em ciências, mas além disso, utiliza duas bases teóricas para defender a significância deste instrumento. Entre estas bases estão as premissas de Antoni Zabala e sua construção linear e fundamentada para formulação de uma SD, e também, as interferências da ciência-cidadã na investigação potencial dos casos de dengue ocorridos em determinadas regiões brasileiras. O trabalho a seguir apresenta tais referenciais teóricos com o objetivo de divulgar uma estratégia pedagógica que pode colaborar com a participação ativa dos estudantes e professores, em ações que possibilitem a percepção e o engajamento público na formulação de dados e verificação de resultados científicos.
Effect of Time Fermentation on The Microbiological Properties of Coconut Water Kefir
Authors: Raafi Muhammad , Jameelah Maryam , Tiara Analekta
Published: March 2024

Coconut water is one of the popular drinks in tropical countries, it has been used widely as an isotonic drink, nutrient-rich, and has other beneficial functions. Many advantages of coconut water also make this product explored by many researchers as a synbiotic or even probiotic drink. This research investigates the impact of time fermentation on the microbiological properties of coconut water kefir. The study employs various time intervals during the fermentation process to explore changes in mesophilic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, and total yeast and mold. By analyzing the microbiota present at different fermentation times (6, 12, 18, 24, and 48 hours), this research aims to elucidate how time affects the number of beneficial potential probiotic strains, such as lactic acid bacteria and yeast. The findings of this study showed that 24 hours of fermentation time gave the highest number of lactic acid bacteria (7.23 Log CFU/mL), the highest number of mesophilic bacteria (7.52 Log CFU/mL), and total yeast and mold (7.14 Log CFU/mL). Additionally, the inhibitory effects of coconut water kefir on two different kinds of pathogenic bacteria were examined using well diffusion, even though there was no inhibition zone. In conclusion, 24 hours is the best fermentation time to produce coconut water kefir which showed the highest increase of lactic acid bacteria, mesophilic bacteria, and total yeast and mold.
Analisis Mobilitas Mayarakat Nomaden di Kepulauan Riau: Studi Orang Suku Laut Desa Berakit Kabupaten Bintan
Authors: Suryaningsih Suryaningsih , Samnuzulsari Tri , Arieta Siti , Kurmalasari Tety
Published: March 2024

The sea tribe people are one of the unique community groups that can be found in the Riau Islands. Currently, there are several sea tribe community groups that have begun to be placed in residential areas in regions in the Riau Islands. The uniqueness of the culture, traditions and lifestyle of the Sea Tribe people should be something that can be passed on to their future generations. As the lifestyle of the sea tribe people in Berakit Village has shifted to settling on land, their traditions, culture and customs are slowly disappearing. One of the distinctive features of the Sea Tribe people is wandering on a raft combing the islands along the Riau Islands coast. This study aims to highlight the mobility pattern of the Sea Tribe people in Berakit Village, Bintan Regency. Hence, this study was conducted on the sea tribe people to identify the mobility patterns that occur in Berakit Village, Bintan Regency. The purpose of this study is to understand the mobility pattern of the sea tribe in Berakit Village and the factors that influence it. The study method uses Qualitative Type. The results of the study indicate that the mobility pattern of the sea tribe in Berakit Village is influenced by various factors such as economy, social, politics, psychology, and place utility which means living on a raft on the sea has spiritual functions and values for them. This study also shows that the sea tribe's mobility is not entirely influenced by pressure or needs, but more on their cultural values and traditions. The study recommends that the local government needs to empower the sea tribe in cultural preservation and improving their quality of life. However, this intervention should be done by respecting and considering the cultural values of the sea tribe.
Government Investment and Capital Participation to State-Owned Enterprises in Indonesia to Mitigate The Impact of The COVID-19 Pandemic: Is It Effective?
Authors: Darma Amdi Veri , Setyari Ni Putu Wiwin , Sisdyani Eka Ardhani , Ratnadi Ni Made Dwi
Published: March 2024

The National Economic Recovery (PEN) Program is set by the government of Indonesia comprehensively regarding the handling of the devastating impact of COVID-19. The target recipients of the PEN program are classified into two, namely: the first group, State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs), and the second group are non-SOEs business units, where for SOEs this is done in the form of State Capital Participation (PMN) and Government Investment (IP). This research aims to analyze the impact of the PEN program on SOE performance. The analysis results show that the PEN Program has a positive impact on SOEs, as seen from SOEs ROA. The PEN program that has been running has not been able to improve significantly. However, it can be said that the PEN Program has been able to protect the operations of SOE recipients of the PEN program. In addition, the PEN Program has had an impact on achieving positive EAT growth in almost all recipient SOESs. The PEN program for SOEs needs to be re-evaluated, especially for SOEs that had the potential to perform poorly before the pandemic.
Rendimiento y Calidad de Fruto de Zarzamora Tupi con Fertilización
Authors: Lechuga García Rubbi Elizabeth , Berdeja Arbeu Raul , Méndez Gómez José , Pérez Marroquín Guillermo Jesuita , Vazquez Cruz Fabiel , Enriquez Garcia Fabian
Published: March 2024

La fertilización foliar es un respaldo en el cultivo de zarzamora que aumenta el rendimiento y la calidad del fruto. El presente trabajo de investigación se realizó en el Rancho “Loma Bonita”, ubicado en la Junta Auxiliar de San Juan Acateno Teziutlán, Puebla. El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar fertilización foliar en dosis de 1 %, 2 % y 3 % con Bayfolan Forte®, en plantas de zarzamora variedad ‘Tupi’. El diseño experimental que se empleo fue bloques completamente al azar con cuatro tratamientos y 10 repeticiones, utilizando una planta como unidad experimental. El mayor número de frutos totales y rendimiento acumulado de 8 cosechas fue en el tratamiento 3 % de Bayfolan Forte y menor en el testigo. Las características físicas y químicas de frutos dependieron del tratamiento utilizado y de la fecha de cosecha. Por los resultados obtenidos se concluye que la aplicación de fertilización foliar con Bayfolan Forte al 3 % aumenta el rendimiento y calidad de fruto de zarzamora variedad ‘Tupi’.
Análisis del Mercado de la Deuda del Ecuador en los Últimos 10 Años, en Relación al Gasto Público y al PIB
Authors: Castro Jácome María José , Zambrano Santillán Damazo Alejandro
Published: March 2024

El presente estudio se centra en el análisis del Mercado de la Deuda en el Ecuador, en la última década. Para una investigación más certera, se establecerá os antecedentes de la Deuda Externa ecuatoriana desde sus inicios como república. Se hará énfasis en los periodos de moratoria y su reinserción al mercado crediticio. Consecuentemente, se analizará las primeras emisiones de Bonos, uno de ellos para financiar la primera gran obra del Gasto Público, el ferrocarril del Ecuador. El análisis histórico de las variables establecidas (Deuda Externa, Gasto Público y Producto Interno Bruto) se continuará hasta culminar con los dos últimos gobiernos del Ecuador: el del presidente Lenin Moreno y Guillermo Lasso. Conocidas las variables del análisis, y su trascendencia histórica en el Ecuador, se procederá al conocimiento de la teoría y ciencia económica que estudia el comportamiento de estas inconstantes económicas. Por supuesto, se revisará el libro canon de la Demanda Agregada y la medición del PIB por el método del gasto; este texto es el escrito por John Maynard Keynes, “Teoría general de la ocupación, el interés y el dinero”. Desde luego, se revisará brevemente la incidencia de la corriente keynesiana en la historia de la economía, además del impacto de los Acuerdos Bretton Woods, fruto del trabajo de Keynes y Harry White. Conocidas las variables que causan el problema de estudio, además de los efectos que producen según la teoría, iniciaremos el proceso de correlacionarla para corroborar o no los resultados que se esperan. Como se lo ha establecido a modo temporal, se utilizarán los datos de los 10 últimos años en el Ecuador. Se aplicará el método de correlación, teorizado por Charles Spearman y Karl Pearson. Finalmente, se establecerán conclusiones en base a los datos objetivos que se obtengan, sin prejuicio de lo que la teoría determine. Se plantearán observaciones en los casos principales y las debidas recomendaciones.