bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Heck-Matsuda reaction utilizing in-situ generated palladium on aluminum phosphate
Authors: Stern Therese , Heyde (née Lucks) Sandra , Brunner Heiko
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT. Pd on AlPO4-catalyst was prepared by a one-pot process using Pd(OAc)2 and AlPO4 in methanol as solvent. The synthesized catalyst was used in the monoarylation of olefins via the Heck-Matsuda reaction. Several functionalized arylvinylphosphonates, cinnamic derivatives and benzalacetones could be obtained in good to excellent yields.

 

KEY WORDS: Arylvinylphosphonates, Benzalacetones, Cinnamic derivatives, Palladium on Aluminum phosphate, Kinetic studies

 

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2022, 36(2), 423-432.                                                               

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v36i2.15
Synthesis and biological assessment of new benzothiazolopyridine and benzothiazolyl- triazole derivatives as antioxidant and antibacterial agents
Authors: Arafat Mahmoud , Abdel-Latif Ehab , M. El-Taweel Fathy , N. Ayyad Seif-Eldin , S. Mohamed Khaled
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT. A novel series of benzothiazolopyridine derivatives was synthesized via interaction of -2-(benzothiazol-2-yl)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)acrylonitrile (2) with a diverse of commercially available reagents (indandione, thiobarbituric acid, and malononitrile). Moreover, a novel group of benzothiazole linked substituted 1,2,3-triazole derivatives were synthesized by exploring the chemical behavior of 5-benzothiazolyl-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-triazol-4-amine through refluxing in glacial acetic acid, condensation with phthalic anhydride, and cyanoacetylation reactions. All newly synthetized compounds have been tested for their antioxidant and antibacterial activities compared with ascorbic acid and Ampicillin as reference drugs, respectively. The benzothiazolo- pyridopyrimidine compound 6 was found the most potent antioxidant agent with IC50 = 0.015 mg/mL compared to the results of ascorbic acid (IC50 = 0.022 mg/mL). The investigated compounds showed no antibacterial properties against Gram-negative bacterial species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. Benzothiazolopyridine derivative 5 displayed the best growth inhibition against Gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus with inhibition zones 24 and 20 mm, respectively.

 

KEY WORDS: Benzothiazole, Pyridobenzothiazole, 1,2,3-Triazole, Naphtharidine, Antioxidant

 

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2022, 36(2), 451-463.                                                             

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v36i2.17
Synthesis, characterization and structural study of Fe(III) complex derived from sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate
Authors: Chaieb Zahira , Zizi Zahia , Benghalem Abderrezak
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT. Fe(III) complex derived from sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) has been synthesized and characterized using FT-IR, TGA, UV-Vis and VSM analysis. The complex structure was determined and illustrated. The study of thermogravimetric, optic and magnetic properties are reported and discussed. The bands in electronic spectrum involved a fully allowed transitions characteristic of Charge Transfer absorption from ligand to metal. The structural study revealed an octahedral geometry around the iron(III) ion. The complex obtained has the following formula [Fe(SDB)3]11H2O , where Fe(III) is linked to three bidentate ligands. This complexation is confirmed by layering FT-IR Ligand/Complex spectra. Moreover, the VSM analysis collected at room temperature exhibits antiferromagnetic behaviour referred to the anti-alignment of the magnetic moment of Fe3+.

 

KEY WORDS: Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, Iron(III) complex, Spectral analysis, TGA, Magnetic properties

 

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2022, 36(2), 353-361.                                                                

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v36i2.9
Application of statistical model for predicting the compressive strength of sandcretes made with different fine aggregates available in Nsukka
Authors: Erakpoweri D.O. , Onah N.H.
Published: May 2022

The masonry unit commonly used for wall partitioning in Nigeria is Sandcrete and is comprised of cement, fine aggregate (sand), and water. This research is aimed at ascertaining the effect of different fine aggregates available in Nsukka Local Government Area of Enugu State Nigeria, on the compressive strength of sandcrete. This is also, to contribute to quality maintenance in the production of sandcretes in Nsukka. A mix ratio of 1:6 for cement and sand was used in the production of the sandcrete cubes and a water-cement ratio of 0.6 was maintained in all the mix. The Sandcrete cubes were produced using the three major fine aggregates (river sand, gutter sand, and obimo sand) available in Nsukka. The results obtained show that sandcrete cubes produced with the obimo sand gave the highest strength in compression, while the gutter sand attained the least strength in compression. The E-view software was used to formulate a statistical model for predicting the compressive strength of sandcrete cubes using any of the different fine aggregates considered in this study.
Application of variation method in three dimensional stability analysis of rectangular plate using various exact shape functions
Authors: Onyeka F.C. , Mama B O. , Nwa-David C.D.
Published: May 2022

In this paper, a polynomial and trigonometric shape function are developed for the three-dimensional (3-D) stability analysis of a thick rectangular plate. This study has evaluated the effect of aspect ratio of the critical buckling load of a plate that is clamped on the first edge, free at the third edge, with the second and fourth edges simply supported respectively (CSFS) using a variational method. An expression of potential energy of thick plate was formulated using 3-D elastic principles thereafter, a compatibility equation of 3-D plate was derived through energy equation transformation to get the relations between the rotations and deflection. The solution of compatibility equations yields the exact plates shape function which is derived in terms of trigonometric and polynomial displacement and rotations. Similarly, by minimizing the energy equation with respect to the deflection, the direct governing equation was formulated. The solution of governing equation yields the deflection coefficient of the plate. By minimizing the potential energy equation with respect to deflection coefficient after the action deflection and rotations equation were substituted into it, a more realistic formula for calculation of the critical buckling load is established. The proposed method unlike the refined plate theory (RPT), considered all the six stress elements in the analysis. The result showed that the critical buckling loads from the present study using polynomial are slightly higher than those obtained using trigonometric theories signifying the more exactness of the latter. The result of the present study using the established 3-D model for both functions is satisfactory and closer to exact solution compared to the two- dimensional (2-D) RPT. The overall average percentage differences between the two functions recorded are 6.4%. This shows that at about 94% both approaches are the same and can be applied with confidence in the stability analysis of any type of plate with the boundary condition.
Incorporation of zero-valent silver and polyvinyl acetate on the surface matrix of carbon nanotubes for the adsorption of mercury and chromium from industrial wastewater
Authors: Egbosiuba T.C.
Published: May 2022

Herein, zero-valent silver (Ag0) and polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) was ultrasonically incorporated into the surface matrix of MWCNTs to produce a multifunctional MWCNTs-Ag0/PVAc nanocomposite. The MWCNTs, MWCNTs-Ag0 and MWCNTs-Ag0/PVAc were characterized for the thermal stability, crystallographic structure and morphology using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and high resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM). Industrial wastewater containing Hg(II) and Cr(VI) ions were treated using the fabricated MWCNTs-Ag0/PVAc at different adsorption parameters such as pH, adsorbent mass, adsorption time and temperature. The characterization result obtained indicated successful incorporation of the Ag0 and PVAc to the surface matrix of MWCNTs-Ag0/PVAc. The materials were thermally stable and the crystalline peaks/patterns of the incorporated materials were evident on the MWCNTs-Ag0/PVAc. The adsorption study revealed maximum adsorption capacity of 249 mg/g and 237 mg/g for the Hg(II) and Cr(VI) by MWCNTs-Ag0/PVAc at the pH (6 for Hg(II) and 3 for Cr(VI)), adsorbent mass (40 mg), adsorption time (60 min) and temperature (30 °C). The experimental data effectively fitted the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second order kinetic, respectively. Finally, MWCNTs-Ag0/PVAc showed remarkable performance as a suitable adsorbent for heavy metals removal from industrial wastewater.
Oral health seeking behaviour among patients attending outpatient clinic in University of Ilorin teaching hospital (UITH) Ilorin
Authors: Ernest M.A. , Adeyemi M.F. , Bolarinwa O.A. , Alabi K.M.
Published: May 2022

Introduction: In sub – Saharan Africa, oral health services are greatly hampered by low availability and poor accessibility to health care and these are various interrelated factors responsible. This study determined the factors that influence oral health seeking behavior among patients attending outpatients' clinic.Methodology: A total of 460patients were selected into the study from the outpatients' clinic using systematic random sampling. Data was collected and was analyzed using SPSS 17. The significant level was set at 0.05Results: Of the 97.3% of the respondents with awareness of oral health facility, 90.9% of them had oral health facility within 5km distance. The commonest complaint was toothache. Majority of the respondents (88.2%) accessed orthodox oral health services mostly for teeth extraction (61.3%). There was statistically significant difference between the awareness of Oral health facility and closeness to residence.Conclusion:Age, awareness and attitude have positive effect on health seeking behavior of patients.
Screening for eye diseases in a University community in Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Hassan M.B. , Isawumi M.A.
Published: May 2022

Background – University, a subset of the general population, will expectedly have common ocular problems as prevalent in the population. Knowing these problems as done through screening and health education during WSD activities in 2017 thus raise awareness for their prevention. This study was aimed at determining the types of eye defects in a university community.Methodology – A descriptive cross-sectional survey utilizing purposive serial selection to examine inhabitants of a university community. Socio-demographic information and detailed ocular examinations were carried out. Data analysis using SPSS Version 20 and cross tabulations with statistical significance derived using paired sample t-test at p values < 0.05 were done.Results – With n=140, 79(56.4 %) were males. Mean age was 26.7 + 11.5years. Majority were staffs (77.1%) with 62.1% having tertiary education. Normal vision was reported in (92.9%), while 5.7% had visual impairment with 1.4% uniocular blindness. Common ocular findings were allergic conjunctivitis (12.9%), glaucoma suspects (10.0%), Pterygium (3.6%), glaucoma/corneal opacity (2.1% respectively), and optic atrophy (1.4%).Conclusion –Disorders seen were mostly avoidable. Incorporating eye health services into University Healthcare will control their occurrence allowing optimal job performance.
Handling practices and contamination of raw milk sold for consumption in markets of Kwara State, Nigeria
Authors: Ghali-Mohammed I. , Odetokun I.A. , Raufu I.A. , Adetunji V.O.
Published: May 2022

Milk handling practices in the Nigerian informal sector are usually poorly done. This is a threat to food safety and public health. We investigated the common practices by handlers involved in the milk processing and the contamination levels of raw cow milk marketed for consumption in Kwara State, Nigeria. In a cross-sectional survey, a pre-tested questionnaire (n = 500) was administered to consenting vendors to assess practices employed in milk processing. Raw cattle milk (n = 1225) sold in markets of Kwara State were assessed for contamination using the Total aerobic count (TAC) and Total coliform count (TCC) methods. Data were analysed by descriptive and inferential statistics. The majority of respondents were married (84%), females (65.2%), and had no formal education (43.2%). Some unwholesome practices among vendors such as pooling unsold milk (40.6%), adding unsterilized water to milk (22.2%), and sourcing water from streams (53.2%) were reported. Females (OR = 0.09; 95% CI: 0.040, 0.170; p < 0.001) and those with tertiary educational level (OR=0.01, 95% CI: 0.002, 0.041; p < 0.001) were less likely to be associated with unsatisfactory hygienic practices. All TAC and TCC were higher than 5logcfu/ml and higher counts were observed in the dry season. Because of public safety, a high-level hygienic and good milk handling practices – while enlightenment of vendors on standard hygiene, are required.
Quy trình thu nhận cao nấm men Saccharomyces cerevisiae từ xác men của quá trình lên men rượu công nghiệp
Authors: Phương Nguyễn Thị , Vân Vũ Văn
Published: May 2022

Saccharomyces cerevisiae có vai trò rất lớn trong sản xuất cao nấm men dùng trong thực phẩm cũng như thành phần dinh dưỡng của môi trường nuôi cấy trong nghiên cứu vi sinh. Trong khi đó, S. cerevisiae cũng là một trong các dòng men quan trọng và chiếm ưu thế trong quá trình lên men rượu, hiện diện trong phần lớn các quy trình sản xuất các loại thức uống lên men truyền thống. Để tận dụng nguồn xác men thải ra từ quá trình lên men rượu công nghiệp hiệu quả, cao nấm men được thu bằng phương pháp cơ học đơn giản và ít tốn chi phí, bằng cách sử dụng nhiệt độ và áp suất phá vỡ các tế bào nấm men. Hàm lượng nucleic acid và protein của thử nghiệm khảo sát điều kiện tối ưu trong tách chiết dịch chiết nấm men bằng phương pháp sử dụng nồi hấp được sử dụng để đánh giá điều kiện như tỉ lệ bã men:nước, nhiệt độ và thời gian hấp thích hợp. Kết quả cho thấy, dịch chiết nấm men có hàm lượng dinh dưỡng tối ưu với điều kiện tỉ lệ bã men:nước là 1:4 (khối lượng/thể tích) được hấp ở 110°C trong 20 phút. Cao nấm men sau khi thu nhận bằng quá trình đông khô thể hiện hiệu năng trên các chủng vi khuẩn bao gồm các vi khuẩn Gram dương (Staphylococcus aureus và Bacillus cereus) và Gram âm (Escherichia coli và Pseudomonas aeruginosa) tương đương cao nấm men thương mại trong và ngoài nước. Như vậy, chúng tôi đã thành công trong việc sản xuất cao nấm men bằng phương pháp sử dụng nhiệt độ áp suất lên bã men của quá trình lên men rượu công nghiệp.
Kỹ thuật làm tăng dữ liệu trong phân tích cảm xúc trên ngôn ngữ tiếng Việt
Authors: Thien Hồ Hướng
Published: May 2022

Những bình luận phản hồi trong các hệ thống trực tuyến là một nguồn dữ liệu mang nhiều thông tin, cảm xúc của khách hàng về những sản phẩm hoặc dịch vụ. Những thông tin này được khai thác nhằm đem lại những ích lợi trong việc hoạch định chiến lược, quản trị khách hàng. Để đạt được những kết quả tốt đối với mô hình phân tích cảm xúc, đòi hỏi một lượng lớn dữ liệu được gán nhãn. Chi phí cho việc gán nhãn dữ liệu huấn luyện bởi con người là rất lớn. Trong nghiên cứu này chúng tôi đề xuất một mô hình làm tăng dữ liệu văn bản dựa trên các câu bình luận áp dụng cho ngôn ngữ tiếng Việt. Một số kỹ thuật cơ bản được sử dụng nhằm sinh thêm số lượng bình luận như chèn từ, thay thế từ, xóa từ. Kết quả thực nghiệm đã cho thấy hiệu quả của mô hình này.
Community-Based Local Wisdom Development : Strengthening Accounting and Production Management Skills “Batik Village New Normal Bogor”
Authors: Andria Fredi , Rahmi Amelia , Sunarzi Muhamad , Nuramanah Soleha , Selatan Anisa Intan , Salmah Salmah , Tosida Eneng Tita , Harsani Prihastuti
Published: May 2022

Batik art which is an intangible cultural heritage native to Indonesia that can be developed based on the potential of local wisdom in each region. This activity is aimed at increasing the ability and providing understanding to the local community-based batik MSME group in managing simple finances and optimal production management. The method used in this activity is theoretical and concept training which is carried out face-to-face, mentoring and direct monitoring in the field by the resource persons. This activity is targeted to be able to increase the 2 (two) new normal batik business groups that have just been formed, able to implement an appropriate and good bookkeeping system in the operation of their business. And can also run an effective and efficient production management system, so as to be able to produce good batik products and have a competitive advantage compared to batik products that are already on the market.
Micro-Scale Liquid Smoke Extraction as a By-Product from Coconut Shell Charcoal Production in Kotabatu Village
Authors: Hasanah Uswatun , Mulyati Ade Heri , Heliawati Lenny
Published: May 2022

Liquid smoke is produced from the pyrolysis process and condensation from the coconut shell waste combustion process. This liquid smoke is known to have a high level of polyphenol content and is used as a rubber processing, deodorizing, and wood preservative to make it resistant to termites. In addition, it can also be used as an insecticide for plants. This community service is carried out to design and manufacture a micro-scale liquid smoke pyrolysis machine, which is expected to reduce the amount of smoke produced during the charcoal burning process, also to help partners create an additional type of product, namely liquid smoke. for plant insecticides so that it will increase partners' monthly income. The method that will be used in achieving this goal is to provide training and practice to partners on how to process cranium waste other than into charcoal, namely into liquid smoke as an insecticide in plants.
Beauty Influencer: Homophily Relationship, Product Quality Beauty Product And Purchasing Decision
Authors: Dian Oktavia Ningrum  , Widi Dewi Ruspitasari
Published: May 2022

Today, people are increasingly aware of the importance of beauty care and this has become a basic need of society, especially women. People's income is currently increasing, therefore they not only support secondary needs to support their appearance by buying clothes, shoes and bags, they also choose to buy skin care products so that their skin stays healthy and their physical appearance looks more beautiful. interesting. The population in this study were female users of Ms Glow products in Malang City, with a total sample of 100 respondents. The analytical tool used in this research is multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that product quality and celebrity endorser had no effect on Ms Glow's product purchase decisions. Meanwhile, product reviews have a positive effect on purchasing decisions for Ms Glow's products. Consumers are more interested in seeing product reviews, because the product reviews here come from consumers who have used Ms Glow. Consumers are more confident when someone has used Ms Glow and it is safe on their face. Meanwhile, beauty products and beauty influencers are not important in choosing Ms Glow products.
Employee Performance Determination With Creativity, Work Experience And Engagement: Empirical Study
Authors: Syamsuri Abd. Rasyid
Published: May 2022

Research on employee performance determination with creativity, experience and work involvement: empirical studies, proved that creativity (X1) has a significant and positive effect on employee performance (Y). Likewise, experience (X2) and work involvement (X3), had a significant and positive influence on employee performance (Y) studied at PT. Mitra Andal Sejati, Medan, North Sumatra. The theoretical implication of this research showed that creativity becomes a behavior that turns ideas into innovations that can be applied in work. Employees who have quality work experience will be able to conduct work while also having the responsibilities given by the company. The employee work involvement will also contribute to sustainable business development, enable the development of personal skills and assist the company's business in achieving the realization of the targets to be achieved. Practically, creative employees must be able to innovate in finding new opportunities, doing new things, and taking ideas from things around them. Companies that have experienced employees will certainly get better trust from other companies in conducting their duties. The authority of the company will increase so that it can influence other companies to work together. This also has an effect on high employee work engagement, strengthen the company’s relationships with stakeholders which leads to partnerships to create business opportunities.
Making Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) With Enzymatic Method Using Pineapple Hump Extract
Authors: Roni Kiagus Ahmad , Rifdah Rifdah , Melani Ani , Amina Reformis I Aisyah , Sri Sri Martini
Published: May 2022

Indonesia is one of the largest coconut producer countries providing a higher opportunity for producing various products derived from coconut fruit including virgin coconut oil (VCO). The enzymatic method can be chosen as part of VCO production as it offers higher yields. This work then utilized the bromelain enzyme which could hydrolyze protein leading to better oil-water separation in the coconut milk emulsion. Around 200 ml of coconut milk and several variables such as incubation time (24 hours, 36 hours, 48 ​​hours, 60 hours), and the concentration of pineapple hump extract (5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) were chosen as investigated parameters in this work. The experimental procedure for VCO production followed Indonesia national standard (SNI 7381: 2008). It was found that the incubation time of 24 hr and the concentration of pineapple hump extract 5% as the optimum condition. These parameters resulted in VCO product having specific gravity 0.9150 gr/cm3, free fatty acids 0.133%, and the acid number 1.8 meq/kg which has met Indonesia quality standard for VCO production.
Síntesis, evaluación biológica y relaciones estructura-actividad de nuevos antiandrógenos esteroidales
Authors: Franco Karen Nayelly Córdova , Zamudio Gladys Jaquelinne Nieves , Bratoeff †Eugene , Salinas Marisa Cabeza , Salazar Guillermina Yazmín Arellano
Published: May 2022

Se sintetizaron 3β-ésteres 17-metoxilados derivados de la deshidroepiandrosterona con el fin de ser utilizados como agentes terapéuticos para el tratamiento de la Hiperplasia Prostática Benigna (HPB) o el Cáncer de Próstata (CaP), ya sea mediante la inhibición de la enzima 5α-reductasa (5AR), 17β-hidroxiesteroide deshidrogenasa (17β-HSD) o mediante la unión al receptor androgénico (RA). El efecto biológico de estos nuevos derivados fue evaluado mediante  ensayos tanto in vitro.
A Escola Normal La Salle de Canoas: contexto, formação docente e legislação pertinente
Authors: Orth Miguel Alfredo , Medeiros Claudia Escalante
Published: May 2022

Este artigo é resultado de pesquisa que se situa no campo da história da educação e teve por objetivo investigar o processo histórico de constituição dos cursos de formação de professores da Escola Normal La Salle de Canoas, criada em 1941. Metodologicamente, recorre à pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, bem como diálogos com diversas fontes, incluindo testemunhos orais. Teoricamente, aborda o tema a partir da história cultural. A criação dos citados cursos de formação de professores atendeu as expectativas da Igreja Católica, dos Irmãos Lassalistas, e da comunidade de Canoas, e se constituiu como facilitadora do acesso de muitos de seus alunos a cursos superiores e a carreiras profissionais bem-sucedidas.
Conservación de los murciélagos del jardín botánico San Jorge basado en un modelo de educación ambiental
Authors: Morales Katherine Ibeth Castañeda Morales , Viña Marion Gisell Cadena
Published: May 2022

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo mejorar la concepción y actitud de los estudiantes de la educación básica secundaria y media de la Institución Educativa Modelia de la ciudad de Ibagué mediante un modelo de educación ambiental para la conservación de los murciélagos del Jardín Botánico San Jorge. Esta investigación se abordó desde una doble perspectiva, el pedagógico orientado al proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de los estudiantes de la Institución Educativa Modelia y el biológico que permitió reconocer las diferentes especies de murciélagos presentes en el Jardín Botánico San Jorge, considerado una reserva natural que alberga en ella gran variedad de especies animales y vegetales. Además, se diseñó e implementó una guianza nocturna en el Jardín Botánico San Jorge, para fortalecer el Proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje con relación a la conservación de murciélagos, experiencia significativa hacia el cambio actitudinal de los estudiantes. Las fases de la investigación-acción elaboran el derrotero a partir del cual se transforman concepciones y actitudes de los estudiantes de la Institución Educativa Modelia con edades comprendidas entre 12 y 17 años, a quienes, se les aplicó tres instrumentos (pre, pos test y cuestionario de actitudes) y un instrumento de intervención (unidad didáctica CTS “Los Guardianes Nocturnos del Tolima”). El análisis de los datos se realizó mediante estadística descriptiva y la teoría de facetas fue el mecanismo mediante el cual se analizó el cuestionario de actitudes hacia la conservación de los murciélagos. La triangulación de los datos cualitativos y cuantitativos permitió verificar la efectividad del proceso de intervención.
Responsabilidade ambiental e sustentabilidade: questões éticas em um cenário de busca pelo progresso
Authors: Da Silva Amanda Cristina Machado , Mendes Erica Silva , Diniz Riquelmy Pereira , Machado Yan Victor Silva , De Sousa Francisco de Jesus Silva
Published: May 2022

O trabalho aqui desenvolvido, através de revisão bibliográfica, tem ênfase na sustentabilidade e as questões éticas que a norteiam. Pretende esclarecer e discorrer sobre o compromisso do ser humano através dos séculos com o avanço econômico. Intencionando responder às questões: Houve responsabilidade ambiental durante o processo de desenvolvimento? Qual o custo desse processo para a geração atual e as gerações futuras? O objetivo é destacar os pontos nos quais o homem vem falhando ao seguir extraindo recursos naturais desenfreadamente e como, a partir da ética ambiental, este pode considerar possibilidades de reversão dos estragos causados. Este estudo tem caráter averiguatório descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, que constata o quanto a ética foi deixada de lado durante o processo de desenvolvimento, evidenciando que, em diversas ocasiões, o meio ambiente não foi prioridade nas decisões das superpotências econômicas, o que implicou em desastrosos eventos na história da humanidade.
O código de defesa do consumidor na esfera do comércio eletrônico
Authors: Mendes Murilo Silva
Published: May 2022

O presente artigo apresentará a atuação do Código de Defesa do Consumidor no âmbito comercial eletrônico demonstrando o desenvolvimento do comércio eletrônico no Brasil, juntamente com a evolução da legislação consumerista, relando as garantias que a lei 8.078/90 oferecer ao consumidor na esfera eletrônica.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MIND MAPS AND LEARNING APPROACHES OF MATHEMATICS AND ACCOUNTING TEACHERS TAKING PEDAGOGICAL FORMATION EDUCATION
Authors: ARSLAN Çiğdem , ÖZAYDIN Zeynep , YENİL Tuba
Published: May 2022

Learning approaches are thought to be related to the attitude of individuals towards learning. Mind maps, on the other hand, can be considered as visual tools that enable learning when looking at the definitions in the literature. The problem of this research is whether the methods preferred by individuals while creating mind maps and the quality of the mind maps they create are shaped according to their learning approaches. In the research, it was aimed to reveal the relationships between the learning approaches of pre-service mathematics and accounting teachers who received pedagogical formation education and the department they study in, and some variables (mind map score, mind map construction method) based on the mind maps they prepared. The research was carried out in a survey design, which is one of the quantitative research methods. The study group of the research consists of 59 (21 mathematics, 38 accounting) teacher candidates who took the "Special Teaching Methods" course in the pedagogical formation education program. For the content of the course, an explanation was given to the teacher candidates about how to prepare mind maps and what to consider when preparing mind maps. The first of the two measurement tools used in the research is the mind maps prepared by the pre-service teachers about special teaching methods. The second one is the "Learning Approaches Scale" developed by Biggs et al. (2001) and adapted to Turkish by Batı et al. (2010) and ensured its validity and reliability. The scale was applied online to 59 pre-service teachers who constituted the study group of the research. Analysis of the obtained data was carried out with Independent T-Test and One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). In the findings of the analysis, it was revealed that both mathematics and accounting teacher candidates were inclined to the deep learning approach. At the same time, no significant difference was found between the learning approaches of the pre-service teachers and the department they studied, their mind map scores and mind map making methods. Finally, a general evaluation was made for the findings and suggestions were made for the studies to be done in this field.
OUT-OF-SCHOOL LEARNING STUDIES FOR SCIENCE EDUCATION: A METASYNTHESIS STUDY
Authors: ÇETİNGÜNEY Hanife , BÜYÜK Uğur
Published: May 2022

In the recent coronavirus epidemic, which has become a global problem in a short time, the number of cases worldwide has exceeded 470 million, while the number of deaths has exceeded 6 million. This situation, which negatively affects many areas of life, also negatively affected the teachers and students who make up the human dimension of education. This extraordinary situation and the rapidly developing technology highlight the necessity of out-of-school learning in science education. Based on this idea, the study aimed to examine the postgraduate theses and articles that included out-of-school learning in science education published in Turkey and internationally between the years 2016-2021. Many national and international databases such as Higher Education Council (YÖK) National Thesis Center, TR-Dizin, Proquest Dissertations and Thesis Abst&FT and Google Academic, Scholar Works, Eric, Science Direct were used to collect the data of the study, which was conducted with meta-synthesis, one of the qualitative research designs. In line with the aim of the study, a total of 106 studies were reached, with 64 studies conducted in Turkey and 42 studies conducted in the international arena. Studies in meta-synthesis of theses and articles; type, year, research method, design, study group or sample, sampling methods, data collection tools, data analysis methods and subject areas were taken into consideration. Obtained findings are presented with figures and tables. The studies conducted in Turkey are mostly in the type of articles, increased after the Covid-19 outbreak and predominantly the quantitative method is preferred; It has been determined that international studies are in the type of articles, increase before the epidemic, and mostly the quantitative method is preferred. In terms of study groups, it has been determined that the participant group is students in studies conducted both in Turkey and internationally, purposeful sampling type is used in determining the study groups, and the sample size is concentrated between 1-50. It has been determined that the subject of the study is to determine an opinion in the studies conducted in Turkey and included in the research, and the effect on learning in the studies conducted internationally and included in the research. It has been seen that the data of the studies conducted in Turkey were mainly collected by interview form and analyzed by content analysis, but the data of the studies in the international field were collected through questionnaires and the dependent groups were analyzed with the t-test. The studies were limited to the years of 2016-2021 and science education, and suggestions were presented in the light of the findings.
SENSORY EFFECTS OF OCCUPATİONAL THERAPY İN CHİLDREN WİTH SCREEN EXPOSURE
Authors: ASQAROVA Sevda , ZENGİN Talha Tayfun
Published: May 2022

As technology has improved, mobile device use has increased in younger age groups and the time of screen exposure has increased. Screen exposure has many negative effects on children's development. Being in front of the screen for a long time causes attention deficit, speech problems, sensory-motor problems, behavioral and emotional problems in children. Many factors can be effective in increasing screen exposure. Family comes first among these factors. Situations such as family members' occupations, income status, and the number of members in the family affect mobile device use, while mobile device use affects screen exposure time. One of the important effects of screen exposure is the lack of stimulus or negative stimulus. Exposure of children to negative stimuli, especially between the ages of 0-6, when neuroplasticity is the fastest, causes developmental delays. Lack of stimulus prevents children's senses from working in a systematic way. Senses that begin to develop in the womb are negatively affected by screen exposure and sensory integration problems are seen in children. Occupational therapists aim to adapt children with sensory integration problems to daily life with meaningful and purposeful activities, and accordingly, they evaluate the child individually and create and implement an individual therapy program.
EVOLUTİON FROM TRADİTİONAL MEDİA TO DİJİTAL MEDİA: “TRT EXAMPLE”
Authors: LOKMANOĞLU Ensar
Published: May 2022

Parallel to the revolutionary technology that renews itself day by day, communication technologies have also undergone a radical and serious change by completing the stages of printed, analog and digital technology. The media most affected by this process has evolved from print and paper printing to digital. TRT, which is the example of our study, has followed this process with technical, economic and social developments. TRT Radio reaches its listeners from one-way and non-interactive traditional radio broadcasting to two-way and interactive digital broadcasting systems and social media sharing platforms such as facebook and Twitter, broadcasting TRT music from Facebook Live, broadcasting to the world with TRT Word channel, smart broadcasting strategies and TRT's contribution to digital media developments and digital revolutions, when we consider that the number of listeners of television and radio broadcasts, which we describe as traditional media, is decreasing day by day, the human factor in television broadcasting has decreased and virtual robots and artificial intelligence have entered a phase where digital broadcasting has become widespread with the understanding of unmanned work. We can see that adaptation is a necessity of our age. In this context, solution suggestions are presented for TRT to complete the digitalization process with a holistic working system
THE EFFECTS OF ETHİCS AND CORPORATE SOCİAL RESPONSİBİLİTY PERCEPTİONS ON WORK INVOLVEMENT SELF-ESTEEM AND JOB PERFORMANCE
Authors: YÜCEL Derya
Published: May 2022

The importance of ethics and social responsibility is emphasized with studies carried out in different fields with each passing day. In particular, the concepts of ethics and social responsibility, which are discussed with different dimensions within the scope of their impact on employee behavior, have come to the fore in the last twenty years due to their important effects on the creation of a good working environment and employee behavior in organizations. In this study, designed in this framework, the effects of the importance given to ethics and social responsibility on work involvement, self-esteem and job performances are investigated. In this context, the data obtained through questionnaires from 220 managers and employees in the manufacturing sector were used in the study conducted in Istanbul, Kocaeli, Sakarya, Düzce, Bolu and Yalova provinces in Turkey. According to the findings obtained with the help of partial least square structural equation analysis; The increase in employees' perception of ethics and responsibility significantly increases their work involvement and self-esteem. It was observed that the job performance of the participants whose work involvement and self-esteem increased significantly increased. The findings also reveal that self-esteem has a quadratic effect as well as a direct effect on job performance, that is, an increase in self-esteem causes a significant increase in job performance proportional to the square of this increase.
MACROECONOMİC EFFECTS OF COVİD-19 ON TURKİSH REAL ESTATE MARKET
Authors: ZOGHAYYER DIANA BADER SABRI
Published: May 2022

This study assesses the economic situation of the real estate market, which is the second most important sector for investment in the Republic of Turkey. The purpose of the study is to investigate macroeconomic effects on the Turkish real estate market during COVID-19. Meanwhile, entire or partial lockdowns, industrial closures, travel bans, and border closures are among the harshest policies that have nearly paralyzed production and consumption, contributing to the economic crisis during the event window. This study examines the macroeconomic effects of COVID-19 on the Turkish Real Estate Market. These macroeconomic variables include the house interest rate and aggregate exports on real estate house sales. This study employs a monthly dataset that extends from January 2018 to September 2021. The data were divided into two models before and during COVID-19. The regression assessment will be done using a multiple linear regression model (MLR). According to the findings, exports are positively associated with home sales in both models. On the other hand, interest is negatively related to house sales. The positive effect of exports is decreasing in the model that includes the COVID-19 period. Likewise, the negative effect of real interest rates increased in the COVID-19 period. Therefore, both hypotheses were accepted.
Eruption Status of First Permanent Molar and Prevalence of Dental Caries among School Going North Indian Children: An Epidemiological Study
Authors: Garg1 Shalini , Dhindsa2* Abhishek , Poddar3 Pragati , Sharma4 Rakesh , Singla5 Sumit
Published: May 2022

Background: Dental caries is one of the most widespread oral disease affecting children and adults globally irrespective of age and gender. The prevalence of dental caries is of the immense concern and is the primary subject of many epidemiological researches being executed throughout the world. Aim: The present study aimed to assess the eruption status of first permanent molar and evaluate the prevalence of dental caries in children between 5-8 years of age Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in 1008 children in five different schools of district Barara, Ambala, Haryana. The aim was to determine the caries free proportions, caries experience and collection of baseline data regarding the status of permanent first molars between the age groups of 5-8 years. Dental caries was assessed using dmft index using World Health Organization criteria 1997. Results: The prevalence of dental caries was more in boys of 7-8 years age group as compared to girls in the same age group (p-value 0.052). 89% of children had first permanent molar erupted between 7-8 years of age while only 27% of children of 5-6 years age group had first permanent molar erupted.
Screening the activity of incorporated radionuclides in the research organization employees
Authors: Turlakov YuS , Grabsky YuV , Arefeva DV , Shayakhmetova AA , Firsanov VB , Petushok AV
Published: May 2022

Studying the features of radiological situation in the workplace and assessing the individual effective doses in employees of research organizations working with open radiation sources (RS) are an urgent scientific task due to additional risks resulting from variability in the conditions and regimes of the technological operations. The study was aimed to assess the working conditions and intake of radionuclides by the employees of the V. G. Khlopin Radium Institute working with open RS. The data on exposure to work-related radiation factors were obtained by dosimetry, radiometry, and spectrometry. It was found that radiological situation in the employees' workplaces was characterized by the broad range of the gamma ambient dose equivalent rate values (0.10–122 µSv/h), alpha and beta working surface contamination, radioactive pollution of air in the working areas. In some individuals, spectrometry revealed the following: 125I in the thyroid gland (up to 9,850 Bq), 90Sr in the skeleton (up to 16,500 Bq), 137Сs in the whole body (up to 1,100 Bq), etc. The findings can provide the basis for developing the measures to improve the quality of individual internal dose control and the efficiency of medical care provision to the research organization employees dealing with open RS.
Responses of a natural enemy to pest-induced plant volatiles in complex environments
Authors:   , Marques Vinícius Moreira
Published: May 2022

Plants produce volatiles in response to attacks by arthropod herbivores, and these volatiles can be used as cues by natural enemies to find their prey. Because these volatiles are within a variety of other odour blends, here referred to as background volatiles, natural enemy response towards prey-associated plant volatiles may be affected. Thus, this research aimed to evaluate the effect of mixing blends of volatiles under controlled conditions on the foraging behaviour of the predatory mite Phytoseiulus macropilis. Moreover, we investigated whether background volatiles and other cues in a release-recapture experiment under semi-field conditions would affect the response of this predatory mite. Mixing the blends emitted by Tetranychus urticae- infested bean plants with uninfested coriander under controlled conditions, led to a preference of predatory mites towards blends emitted by infested-bean alone over the combination. Also, I found that the volatiles of an uninfested mint plant were attractive to the predatory mite when offered against no odour source. Besides, released-recapture experiments showed a low recapture percentage for every combination of plants tested, suggesting that background volatiles from both companion plants and the environment might have hindered P. macropilis in localizing the plants with prey. These results indicate that experiments under semi-field conditions have a higher accuracy in predicting natural enemy behaviour when compared to olfactometer experiments, that in spite of its importance, does not allow us to predict a behaviour under more complex conditions. Keywords: T. urticae. Herbivore-induced plant volatiles. Companion plants. Semi-field experiments.
Plants for fitness enhancement of a coffee leaf miner parasitoid
Authors:   , Calderón Arroyo Carolina
Published: May 2022

Conservative biological control aims to enhance the pest control through the conservation of natural enemies in the field, one of the strategies used is to introduce or manage plants that provide food for natural enemies. The effect of feeding resources on the fitness of a coffee leaf miner parasitoid Proacrias coffeae was assessed. To evaluate the effect of nectar on P. coffeae survival we used three flowering plants: Bidens pilosa, Galinsoga parviflora and Varronia curassavica; and we also tested the extrafloral nectar of a leguminous shrub Senna cernua. The parasitoids increase their survival when feeding on the floral nectar of V. curassavica and on the extrafloral nectar of S. cernua. No significant differences were found in their survival when feeding on B. pilosa and G. parviflora floral nectar. After promising results with the extrafloral nectar of S. cernua in the parasitoids survival, we evaluated its effect on the egg load of P. coffeae. The parasitoids increased their egg load when exposed to the extrafloral nectar and with increasing age. Our results show the potential of V. curassavica and S. cernua for providing nutritional resources to the parasitoid P. coffeae and therefore enhance their fitness by an increment of their survival when they were confine with the resource. In terms of conservative biological control, that means that introducing in the coffee agroecosystem feeding resources for P. coffeae can increase their success as biocontrol agents, not just by enhancing their survival but also their reproductive potential. Keywords: Conservative biological control. Proacrias coffeae. Nectar. Plant provided food.
Protecting transgender women within the African human rights system through an inclusive reading of the Maputo Protocol and the proposed Southern African Development Community Gender- Based Violence Model Law
Authors: Snyman Tegan , Rudman Annika
Published: May 2022

Under Article 1 of the Maputo Protocol “women” are defined as “persons of the female gender”. Notwithstanding this definition, transgender women, persons whose gender is female but who were assigned male at birth, are yet to be recognised or protected under the Protocol. On the contrary, on the African continent, transgender women are some of the most vulnerable persons in society. Due to their frequent misidentification as homosexual men, and widespread criminalisation of homosexuality, these women are regularly discriminated against and victims of stigma and violence. Furthermore, because of the denial of their gender identities, these women are deprived of their legal recognition and subsequent protection of their human rights. This article considers discrimination against transgender women and contrasts it with the provisions of the Maputo Protocol. This article utilises the teleological approach to treaty interpretation, together with postmodern intersectional feminist legal theory and queer legal theory as well as fundamental principles of international human rights law such as dignity, equality and non-discrimination. Finally, the article considers the recognition and protection of transgender women in light of the proposed SADC GBV Model Law.
The Niamey Guidelines to combat sexual violence and its consequences in Africa and sexual harassment: A case study of Nigeria
Authors: Durojaye Ebenezer , Lawal Temitayo
Published: May 2022

This article examines the importance of the provisions of the Niamey Guidelines to Combat Sexual Violence and its Consequences in addressing sexual violence, including sexual harassment in Africa. Using Nigeria as a case study, the article examines the provisions of international and regional human rights instruments in addressing sexual harassment. It discusses the Guidelines’ approach to addressing sexual violence, including sexual harassment. The article highlights some of the salient provisions of the Niamey Guidelines on sexual violence, which include the obligation of states to prevent sexual violence, protecting and supporting victims of sexual violence, investigating and prosecuting sexual violence, ensuring reparation to implementing international and regional norms on sexual violence at the national level. The analysis of the Niamey Guidelines vis-à-vis legislation to address sexual harassment in Nigeria is grounded in asking the woman question. This refers to how laws, policies and judicial decisions take account of the lived experiences of women. Thereafter, the article discusses some of the gaps in the approach by the Nigerian government to address sexual harassment and offers recommendations for the way forward.