bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Validated Reverse-Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography
(RP-HPLC) Method for the Quantification of Gamma- Tocotrienol in
Tocotrienol Rich Fractions of Crude Palm Oil
Authors: Nair Rajesh Sreedharan , Billa Nashiru , Morris Andrew
Published: August 2021

Background:

Palm oil and its constituents have wide applications in food, cosmetics
and pharmaceutical industries. The tocotrienol-rich fractions of crude palm oil have drawn
greater research interest in recent years due to their potent health benefits. Therefore, reliable
and validated analytical methods are essential for the quantification of tocotrienols.

Objective:

This study aimed to develop a simple and economical RP-HPLC method for the
quantification of gamma-tocotrienol in tocotrienol-rich fractions of crude palm oil.

Methods:

An Agilent HPLC system supplied with a Diode Array detector and an auto-injector
system was used for the method development, and the wavelength was set 295 nm. A reversedphase
C18 column maintained at 30 °C using a mobile phase composition of methanol: water
(95:05) at a flow rate of 1 mL/min was used for the analysis. The developed method was validated
according to ICH guidelines.

Results and Discussion:

A symmetrical peak of gamma-tocotrienol was observed at 8.7
minutes with minimal peak tailing (between 0.76 and 0.78), and an acceptable resolution above
2.0. Excellent linearity was evident with R2 values 0.9996 and 0.9991 for intra-day and interday,
respectively. The method demonstrated a high precision (%RSD values ≤ 5.8%) and accuracy
(%RE<9.6%). The LOD and LOQ of gamma-tocotrienol were determined as 1.4 μg/mL
and 4.2 μg/mL, respectively. The system suitability studies indicate that the chromatographic
parameters are well within the acceptable limit.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the developed RP-HPLC method is rapid, precise, stable and economical
for the quantification of gamma-tocotrienol.
Arborescent Structures in Medieval Sciences: Gradation and Argumentative Opposition
Authors: Higuera Rubio Jose
Published: August 2021

The medieval tendency to depict textual and conceptual contents in a schematic way through visual matrices generates different forms of conceptualization and appreciation of the philosophical tradition. This task involves the perceptual activity and the knowledge visualization. In this paper three examples of schematization models will be showed: sciences division, classifications of virtues and vices, and some practical uses of geometry. Those schemes point out the relations of gradation, opposition and division regarding to a specific set of principles, logical or geometrical, that justifies the representative disposition in which visual frameworks introduce a certain conception of knowledge order and its development.
On the Celestial Bodies in the Coimbra Commentary on De Caelo
Authors: Monteiro Matheus Henrique Gomes
Published: August 2021

I discuss in this paper some evidence of possible influence by Philoponus of Alexandria over the authorship of Coimbra Commentary on De caelo. Thus, I will analyze how Philoponus’ objections against the Aristotelian idea of nongenerated and imperishable heavenly bodies are integrated to the commentary, considering both explicit and implicit references to Philoponus that are present in the text. This discussion might add a valuable contribution to the studies of the reception of Ancient commentators in Early Modern natural philosophy.
Factors Affecting The Food Security of The Bajo Community Households In West Muna District During The Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Limi Muhammad , Zani Munirwan , Selvi Selvi
Published: August 2021

This study aims to determine the factors that affect the household food security of the Bajo community in Napano Kusambi Sub District. The research was conducted in Napano Kusambi Sub District, West Muna District, the selection of the research location was carried out deliberately (Purposive), with the consideration that the village is a coastal village with many Bajo community settlements, most of whom work as fishermen. The population in this study were all the Bajo people in Napano Kusambi Sub District, namely 180 families, with a total sample size of 64 respondents using the Slovin formula. To answer the objective, a binary logistic model is used. The results showed that based on the binary logistic test, the factors that significantly influenced household food security of the Bajo community in Napano Kusambi Sub District, West Muna District were income, age of the head of the household, and the age of the housewife.
Comparison of the Validity and Generalizability of Machine Learning Algorithms for the Prediction of Energy Expenditure: Validation Study
Authors: O'Driscoll Ruairi , Turicchi Jake , Hopkins Mark , Duarte Cristiana , Horgan Graham W , Finlayson Graham , Stubbs R James
Published: August 2021

Background

Accurate solutions for the estimation of physical activity and energy expenditure at scale are needed for a range of medical and health research fields. Machine learning techniques show promise in research-grade accelerometers, and some evidence indicates that these techniques can be applied to more scalable commercial devices.

Objective

This study aims to test the validity and out-of-sample generalizability of algorithms for the prediction of energy expenditure in several wearables (ie, Fitbit Charge 2, ActiGraph GT3-x, SenseWear Armband Mini, and Polar H7) using two laboratory data sets comprising different activities.

Methods

Two laboratory studies (study 1: n=59, age 44.4 years, weight 75.7 kg; study 2: n=30, age=31.9 years, weight=70.6 kg), in which adult participants performed a sequential lab-based activity protocol consisting of resting, household, ambulatory, and nonambulatory tasks, were combined in this study. In both studies, accelerometer and physiological data were collected from the wearables alongside energy expenditure using indirect calorimetry. Three regression algorithms were used to predict metabolic equivalents (METs; ie, random forest, gradient boosting, and neural networks), and five classification algorithms (ie, k-nearest neighbor, support vector machine, random forest, gradient boosting, and neural networks) were used for physical activity intensity classification as sedentary, light, or moderate to vigorous. Algorithms were evaluated using leave-one-subject-out cross-validations and out-of-sample validations.

Results

The root mean square error (RMSE) was lowest for gradient boosting applied to SenseWear and Polar H7 data (0.91 METs), and in the classification task, gradient boost applied to SenseWear and Polar H7 was the most accurate (85.5%). Fitbit models achieved an RMSE of 1.36 METs and 78.2% accuracy for classification. Errors tended to increase in out-of-sample validations with the SenseWear neural network achieving RMSE values of 1.22 METs in the regression tasks and the SenseWear gradient boost and random forest achieving an accuracy of 80% in classification tasks.

Conclusions

Algorithms trained on combined data sets demonstrated high predictive accuracy, with a tendency for superior performance of random forests and gradient boosting for most but not all wearable devices. Predictions were poorer in the between-study validations, which creates uncertainty regarding the generalizability of the tested algorithms.
Comparison of the Validity and Generalizability of Machine Learning Algorithms for the Prediction of Energy Expenditure: Validation Study (Preprint)
Authors: O'Driscoll Ruairi , Turicchi Jake , Hopkins Mark , Duarte Cristiana , Horgan Graham W , Finlayson Graham , Stubbs R James
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND

Accurate solutions for the estimation of physical activity and energy expenditure at scale are needed for a range of medical and health research fields. Machine learning techniques show promise in research-grade accelerometers, and some evidence indicates that these techniques can be applied to more scalable commercial devices.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to test the validity and out-of-sample generalizability of algorithms for the prediction of energy expenditure in several wearables (ie, Fitbit Charge 2, ActiGraph GT3-x, SenseWear Armband Mini, and Polar H7) using two laboratory data sets comprising different activities.

METHODS

Two laboratory studies (study 1: n=59, age 44.4 years, weight 75.7 kg; study 2: n=30, age=31.9 years, weight=70.6 kg), in which adult participants performed a sequential lab-based activity protocol consisting of resting, household, ambulatory, and nonambulatory tasks, were combined in this study. In both studies, accelerometer and physiological data were collected from the wearables alongside energy expenditure using indirect calorimetry. Three regression algorithms were used to predict metabolic equivalents (METs; ie, random forest, gradient boosting, and neural networks), and five classification algorithms (ie, k-nearest neighbor, support vector machine, random forest, gradient boosting, and neural networks) were used for physical activity intensity classification as sedentary, light, or moderate to vigorous. Algorithms were evaluated using leave-one-subject-out cross-validations and out-of-sample validations.

RESULTS

The root mean square error (RMSE) was lowest for gradient boosting applied to SenseWear and Polar H7 data (0.91 METs), and in the classification task, gradient boost applied to SenseWear and Polar H7 was the most accurate (85.5%). Fitbit models achieved an RMSE of 1.36 METs and 78.2% accuracy for classification. Errors tended to increase in out-of-sample validations with the SenseWear neural network achieving RMSE values of 1.22 METs in the regression tasks and the SenseWear gradient boost and random forest achieving an accuracy of 80% in classification tasks.

CONCLUSIONS

Algorithms trained on combined data sets demonstrated high predictive accuracy, with a tendency for superior performance of random forests and gradient boosting for most but not all wearable devices. Predictions were poorer in the between-study validations, which creates uncertainty regarding the generalizability of the tested algorithms.

CLINICALTRIAL
Construction of Genealogical Knowledge Graphs From Obituaries: Multitask Neural Network Extraction System (Preprint)
Authors: He Kai , Yao Lixia , Zhang JiaWei , Li Yufei , Li Chen
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND

Genealogical information, such as that found in family trees, is imperative for biomedical research such as disease heritability and risk prediction. Researchers have used policyholder and their dependent information in medical claims data and emergency contacts in electronic health records (EHRs) to infer family relationships at a large scale. We have previously demonstrated that online obituaries can be a novel data source for building more complete and accurate family trees.

OBJECTIVE

Aiming at supplementing EHR data with family relationships for biomedical research, we built an end-to-end information extraction system using a multitask-based artificial neural network model to construct genealogical knowledge graphs (GKGs) from online obituaries. GKGs are enriched family trees with detailed information including age, gender, death and birth dates, and residence.

METHODS

Built on a predefined family relationship map consisting of 4 types of entities (eg, people’s name, residence, birth date, and death date) and 71 types of relationships, we curated a corpus containing 1700 online obituaries from the metropolitan area of Minneapolis and St Paul in Minnesota. We also adopted data augmentation technology to generate additional synthetic data to alleviate the issue of data scarcity for rare family relationships. A multitask-based artificial neural network model was then built to simultaneously detect names, extract relationships between them, and assign attributes (eg, birth dates and death dates, residence, age, and gender) to each individual. In the end, we assemble related GKGs into larger ones by identifying people appearing in multiple obituaries.

RESULTS

Our system achieved satisfying precision (94.79%), recall (91.45%), and F-1 measures (93.09%) on 10-fold cross-validation. We also constructed 12,407 GKGs, with the largest one made up of 4 generations and 30 people.

CONCLUSIONS

In this work, we discussed the meaning of GKGs for biomedical research, presented a new version of a corpus with a predefined family relationship map and augmented training data, and proposed a multitask deep neural system to construct and assemble GKGs. The results show our system can extract and demonstrate the potential of enriching EHR data for more genetic research. We share the source codes and system with the entire scientific community on GitHub without the corpus for privacy protection.
With Great Hopes Come Great Expectations: Access and Adoption Issues Associated With COVID-19 Vaccines (Preprint)
Authors: Su Zhaohui , McDonnell Dean , Cheshmehzangi Ali , Li Xiaoshan , Maestro Daniel , Šegalo Sabina , Ahmad Junaid , Hao Xiaoning
Published: August 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

Although COVID-19 vaccines are becoming increasingly available, their ability to effectively control and contain the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic is highly contingent on an array of factors. This paper discusses how limitations to vaccine accessibility, issues associated with vaccine side effects, concerns regarding vaccine efficacy, along with the persistent prevalence of vaccine hesitancy among the public, including health care professionals, might impact the potential of COVID-19 vaccines to curb the pandemic. We draw insights from the literature to identify practical solutions that could boost people’s adoption of COVID-19 vaccines and their accessibility. We conclude with a discussion on health experts’ and government officials’ moral and ethical responsibilities to the public, even in light of the urgency to adopt and endorse “the greatest amount of good for the greatest number” utilitarian philosophy in controlling and managing the spread of COVID-19.
Acceptability and Feasibility of Peer-to-Peer Text Messaging Among Adolescents to Increase Clinic Visits and Sexually Transmitted Infection Testing: Interrupted Times-Series Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Lightfoot Marguerita , Jackson-Morgan Joi , Pollack Lance , Bennett Ayanna
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND

Adolescents are disproportionately affected by sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV. Many youths with asymptomatic STI or related symptoms do not seek treatment and may not be screened if accessing the health care system for other reasons.

OBJECTIVE

We examined intervention completion and changes in the number of new patients, the number of STI or HIV tests, and the sexual risk profile of patients over time to determine the feasibility and acceptability of a peer-driven text messaging strategy to connect youth to STI and HIV services.

METHODS

The intervention enlisted consecutive patients at an adolescent medicine clinic to send a text message to 5 peers they believed were sexually active and lived in the clinic’s service area. The intervention was evaluated using an interrupted time-series design in which baseline clinic service levels were documented during a 35-week lead-in period, followed by a 20-week intervention implementation period, and a 16-week period of continued clinic observation. Clinic and patient data were obtained through chart abstraction from intake forms that occurred during the entire study period. Analyses conducted in 2015 used a generalized linear mixed model.

RESULTS

Of the 153 patients approached to participate, 100 agreed to send SMS text messages. Most (n=55, 55%) reported no concerns with sending the text message. No adverse events or negative outcomes were reported. Adolescent STI testing, positive test results, and reported risk behavior increased post intervention, although this was not statistically significant, likely because of the small sample size.

CONCLUSIONS

Given low youth uptake of health care services, and STI/HIV screening, in particular, new strategies are needed to address access barriers. Common approaches for reaching youth are resource-intensive and often miss those not connected to school or community programs. The peer-based text messaging strategy showed promise for both increasing the number of youths accessing health services and finding youths engaging in sexual risk behaviors and most in need of sexual health screening and services.
Temporal Trends of Acute Kidney Injury and Associated Risk Exposures in Extremely Preterm Infants
Authors: Chen Chih-Chia , Lin Yung-Chieh , Wang Shan-Tair , Huang Chao-Ching ,   The Preterm Research Group
Published: August 2021

Background and objectives

Neonatal AKI in the preterm population is an under-recognized morbidity. Detecting AKI in preterm infants is important for their long-term kidney health. We aimed to examine the yearly trends of incidence and the related morbidities and care practices affecting the occurrence of neonatal AKI in extremely preterm (gestational age <29 weeks) and very preterm (gestational age 29–32 weeks) infants.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

The trends and the related risk factors and care practices of AKI were examined in the extremely preterm (n=434) and very preterm (n=257) infants who were admitted within 14 days after birth from 2005 to 2018 to the University Hospital and had at least two serum creatinine measurements during hospitalization. We defined AKI as a serum creatinine rise of 0.3 mg/dl or more within 48 hours or a 1.5-fold increase within 7 days.

Results

The extremely preterm group had a three-fold higher incidence of AKI (30% versus 10%) than the very preterm group. Among preterm infants with AKI, 92% had one episode of AKI, and 45% experienced stage 2 or 3 AKI; the mean duration of AKI was 12±9 days. Across the 14-year period, the crude incidence of AKI declined markedly from 56% to 17% in the extremely preterm group and from 23% to 6% in the very preterm group. After adjustment, a significant decline of AKI incidence was still observed in the extremely preterm group. The declining AKI in the extremely preterm infants was related to the trends of decreasing incidences of neonatal transfer, prolonged aminoglycoside exposure, prophylactic use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and sepsis.

Conclusions

We observed a declining trend in the incidence of neonatal AKI among extremely preterm infants from 2005 to 2018, which may be related to improvement of care practices.
MAL-ESTAR DOCENTE E POLÍTICAS DE FORMAÇÃO PEDAGÓGICA
Authors: Fávero Altair Alberto , Agostini Camila , Rigoni Larissa
Published: August 2021

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar as políticas de formação pedagógica como possível alternativa para enfrentar o mal-estar docente. A hipótese defendida é a de que os diversos problemas que o professor enfrenta no exercício da docência geram a situação de um mal-estar e as políticas de formação pedagógica podem se tornar promissoras para seu enfrentamento. O texto toma emprestado o conceito freudiano de “mal-estar”, atualizado pelo pensador brasileiro Sérgio Paulo Rouanet (1993). O artigo procura perseguir a seguinte questão: os problemas enfrentados na docência que hoje causam o mal-estar docente podem encontrar nas políticas de formação pedagógica uma alternativa de enfrentamento? Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, exploratório e bibliográfico, ancorado no método analítico-hermenêutico. Na primeira seção do texto será reconstruído o conceito de mal-estar apresentado por Freud (1997) na obra O mal-estar na civilização; na segunda seção, esse mesmo conceito é abordado a partir dos escritos de Rouanet (1993), o qual analisa o mal-estar da modernidade; a terceira seção investiga o mal-estar docente a partir dos estudos do educador espanhol José Manuel Esteve (1999); por fim, na última seção são propostas algumas estratégias de superação do mal-estar docente por meio da ideia de políticas de formação pedagógica. Após o estudo realizado, concluímos que há muita dificuldade para lidar com o mal-estar docente gerado pelas situações enfrentadas pelos docentes na atualidade, o que pode ser amenizado se aliado a forças e atitudes conscientes, tanto da parte dos docentes como da gestão, incluindo políticas públicas de formação inicial e continuada.
POR UMA PEDAGOGIA CRÍTICA MULTILETRADA: componentes de integração no ensino de língua inglesa para brasileiros
Authors: Lago Kaian , Zapparoli Eduardo , Freitas Ernani Cesar de , Boaventura Luis Henrique
Published: August 2021

O multiculturalismo em ascensão tem exigido que o ensino de línguas extrapole os modelos instrucionais de educação em direção a uma pedagogia crítico-reflexiva, que prepare o aluno para lidar com múltiplos contextos e que viabilize a sua inserção política e emancipatória em cenário internacional. Por isso, o objetivo neste estudo é discutir se a ação de uma pedagogia crítica multiletrada voltada ao ensino de língua inglesa promove as competências crítica, política e linguística básicas para a inserção do indivíduo como ser sociocultural no mundo globalizado. Para tanto, utilizamos arcabouço teórico de Freire (2020) e Giroux (1997, 1999), respectivamente, sobre a educação problematizadora e a prática da pedagogia crítica, bem como de que forma essa perspectiva pode ser utilizada para um ensino integrador de língua inglesa; e Rojo (2009, 2013) e Lemke (2010) sobre a função e o estabelecimento dos multiletramentos como componente pedagógico viabilizador de uma visão multicultural; além de referenciais complementares. O estudo é exploratório, bibliográfico e documental, com análise qualitativa, sendo o corpus constituído de um texto publicitário satírico que referencia o turismo brasileiro em cenário internacional. Apresentamos, como resultado, que a combinação pedagogia crítica multiletrada voltada ao ensino de língua inglesa promove as competências necessárias para uma inclusão emancipatória do indivíduo em cenário internacional. O processo ocorre, principalmente, a partir da valorização dos contextos sociais do aluno e de sua cultura local.
Study on Glass Fibre Concrete Roof Tiles
Authors: Amala Mrs. M.
Published: August 2021

The main objective of the fibre glass in concrete roof tile is to obtain good strength, heat resistant, & water seepage resistant roof tile. To ensure that the roof tile produced plays a role development with minimum cost, and high flexure strength. To draw an analogy between the normal concrete roof tile with glass fibre concrete roof tile. The sizes of short fibres used were 25mm and the glass fibres were alkali resistant. The effect of these short fibres on wet transverse strength, compressive strength and water absorption was carried out.
Implementation of Dual Decision Support System for Students and Teachers using Data Analytics in Online Exam
Authors: Deshmukh Kalyani V.
Published: August 2021

Online Learning platforms are increasing day by day, and most of the people prefer online learning as this platform is very convenient and affordable. In online learning education, learning content designing plays very important role to improve student performance. Therefore in this project we proposed a data analytics based model to analyze student’s exam solving and content accessing behaviors which will help teachers to improve content quality. Student’s behavior analysis will also help to find out questions difficulty levels as well as student’s grade and performance. We proposed a decision support system in online learning system for tutors/teachers which will help them to improve their learning quality. Along with this the tutors will be able to view student’s performance online using Graphical User Interface. In this system, we proposed a personal questions ordering module for students depending upon their historical question solving patterns.
1U CubeSat: For monitoring Weather and Air Quality Index from Low Earth Orbit
Authors: Parihar Jayrajsinh
Published: August 2021

A weather satellite is a sort of satellite utilized essentially to screen the Earth's weather and environment. This research intends to plan a model of the 1U CubeSat, a Weather satellite to screen the state of a small geographic region and determine the weather conditions and air quality records. Different sensors like temperature, barometric, dampness, dust, and lux intensity sensors just as rain detectors are utilized to gauge actual amounts and separate circumstances for this reason. This framework utilizes nRF trans-receivers for the transmission of information from the CubeSat to the ground station. The report incorporates the list of components, fabricating procedures, and a plan of arrangement of Components. SolidWorks has been utilized to plan the model.
MECANISMOS DE IDENTIFICACIÓN DE PALABRAS EN NIÑOS DISLÉXICOS EN ESPAÑOL: ¿EXISTEN SUBTIPOS?
Authors: Carillo Marisol , Alegría Jesús
Published: August 2021

Utilizando un test de lectura de frases para evaluar el nivel de eficiencia lectora de escolares de 3º a 6º de educación primaria, fueron seleccionados 60 niños con más de dos años de retraso específico en lectura (disléxicos) y 65 normolectores (control edad). El objetivo era establecer la existencia de un déficit del mecanismo de lectura fonológico (evaluado con lectura de pseudopalabras) y consecuentemente, del mecanismo léxico-ortográfico (evaluado con escritura de palabras inconsistentes). Se utilizó el análisis de regresión para poner en evidencia subtipos de disléxicos caracterizados por puntajes desequilibrados entre las dos medidas. Los resultados globales muestran déficits importantes a nivel fonológico y ortográfico. La clasificación en subtipos señala una mayoría de disléxicos “armónicos” y “de superficie” sin aparecer claramente el subtipo “fonológico”. La proporción de armónicos aumenta con el nivel escolar y alcanza el 90% del grupo de disléxicos en 6° año. Los resultados son interpretados en el marco del modelo de autoenseñanza. La ausencia de disléxicos fonológicos es interpretada considerando que estos casos aparecen típicamente en sistemas ortográficos opacos en los cuales el mecanismo de ensamblado fonológico es poco fiable, lo que induce a la memorización de imágenes ortográficas de las palabras.
LAS ALEXIAS FONOLÓGICA, DE SUPERFICIE Y PROFUNDA EN HISPANOHABLANTES Y LOS MODELOS DE DOBLE RUTA
Authors: Ferreres Aldo , López Cynthia Valeria
Published: August 2021

Se presenta una revisión de casos de alexia en hispanohablantes cuyas características coin- ciden con los cuadros de alexia fonológica, de superficie y profunda descriptos inicialmente en pacientes que leían en sistemas de escritura “opacos” (como el francés y el inglés). Estos sistemas poseen muchas palabras de ortografía irregular que no pueden ser leídas en voz alta por procedimientos de conversión grafema-fonema y que justifican, entre otras razones, la formulación de los modelos de doble ruta de lectura. Con el argumento de la transparencia del sistema de escritura del español, en el que todas las palabras se pueden leer por procedimientos de conversión grafema-fonema, se ha cuestionado la existencia de los cuadros de alexia fonológica, de superficie y profunda en hispanohablantes y la pertinencia de los modelos de doble ruta para explicarlos (Ardila 1991, 1998). Nuestro estudio aporta evidencia empírica a favor de la pertinencia de la tipología mencionada y del poder explicativo de los modelos de doble ruta de lectura también para pacientes hispanohablantes.
CEREBRO Y DISLEXIA: UNA REVISIÓN
Authors: Dansilio Sergio
Published: August 2021

No hay un área genéticamente predeterminada para la escritura, la alfabetización impacta sobre regiones cerebrales preadaptadas para otras funciones cognitivas. Las dislexias, que poseen una base genética bien documentada, están condicionadas por anomalías madurativas de la corteza en las regiones necesarias para obtener un adecuado emparejamiento entre representaciones ortográficas y representaciones fonológicas. Habría un circuito hemisférico izquierdo posterior con un componente ventral occípito-temporal vinculado a la discriminación visual rápida de ortógrafos, y un componente dorsal témporo-parietal donde se implementa el emparejamiento más laborioso entre representaciones fonológicas (léxicas y subléxicas) y ortográficas (grafémicas y ortográfi cas). La alteración en estos circuitos posteriores es específica de la dislexia. El circuito anterior, centrado por la circunvolución frontal inferior izquierda, está asociado al esfuerzo lector, cuando requiere de la recodifi cación fonoarticulatoria. Se han hallado además perturbaciones a nivel magnocelular (dificultades en la discriminación de secuencias temporales rápidas visuales y auditivas), y cerebeloso (capacidad de asociación rápida, de aprendizaje procedural de asociaciones). Sin embargo, constituyen hasta ahora fenómenos inconstantes y de insegura interpretación. Para una adecuada comprensión de los casos con dislexia, sin embargo, debe considerarse la serie de comorbilidades que con frecuencia se encuentra y que constituyen indicadores de un toque encefálico más extenso.
Batería III Woodcock-Muñoz
Authors: Muñoz-Sandoval A. F. , Woodcock R. W. , McGrew K. S. , Mather N.
Published: August 2021

Comentario a cargo de la Prof. Ps. Graciela ArdoinoDepartamento de Ciencias Cognitivas y de la Salud.Facultad de Psicología.Universidad Católica del Uruguay
LEER PARA COMPRENDER: DIEZ AÑOS DE ESTUDIOS SOBRE LOS PROCESOS LECTORES
Authors: Cuadro Ariel
Published: August 2021

La lectura constituye en la actualidad una de las competencia más importante para el desarrollo humano. En la introducción de este monográfi co se señalan las líneas de trabajo que hemos seguido a lo largo de estos diez años de estudios en psicología de lectura y se presentan investigaciones realizadas en nuestro medio y otras, por colegas que nos han visitado a los largo de todos estos años. Sus aportes resultan fundamentales para la comprensión de los procesos de lectura desde una perspectiva cognitiva, brindándonos herramientas que nos permitan educar lectores estratégicos capaces de integrarse en la sociedad del conocimiento.
DIFICULTADES DE APRENDIZAJE DEL CÁLCULO: CONTRIBUCIONES AL DIAGNÓSTICO PSICOPEDAGÓGICO
Authors: Balbi Alejandra , Dansilio Sergio
Published: August 2021

Existe suficiente evidencia científica sobre la Discalculia del Desarrollo (DD) que describe los procesos cognitivos específicos del cálculo y procesos neuropsicológicos relacionados como la memoria de trabajo y percepción visoespacial.  Sin embargo es llamativa su baja identificación diagnóstica en la infancia. Este estudio tiene el objetivo de proporcionar evidencia clínica que contribuya a un diagnóstico riguroso. Se presentarán dos estudios de caso (7 y 8 años) que demuestran a través de pruebas normalizadas y de administración individual, déficits en la comprensión del número y la realización de cálculos elementales,  en la percepción visoespacial, atención y memoria de trabajo. Se mostrarán los principales signos que permiten identificar el problema al inicio de la escolarización a efectos de realizar precozmente las orientaciones psicopedagógicas necesarias. La inteligencia es normal de acuerdo a pruebas estándar, la instrucción educativa es adecuada, y se descartan alteraciones sensoriales y emocionales. Estos hallazgos contribuyen en la descripción adecuada de la semiología esperada ante una DD para un adecuado diagnóstico. En los casos descritos, se encuentran perturbaciones visuoespaciales posiblemente relacionadas.
ESTRATEGIAS COGNITIVO-CONDUCTUALES PARA INCENTIVAR LA CONCIENCIA MORAL RESPONSABLE EN LAS ORGANIZACIONES
Authors: França Tarragó Omar
Published: August 2021

El artículo sistematiza algunos de los aportes que brinda la Psicología de enfoque cognitivo-conductual, especialmente aplicables en el seno de las organizaciones, en orden a reforzar las actitudes y conductas éticamente responsables de los involucrados. Se brinda especial atención a los factores que deben tenerse en cuenta, cada vez que se quiere contrarrestar o inhibir la tendencia deslizante de los contextos éticamente “laxos” de las organizaciones que, a su vez, deterioran la conciencia moral de los individuos y favorecen las conductas reprobables en la dinámica organizacional.
GUÍAS ESQUEMATIZADAS DE TRATAMIENTO DE LOS TRASTORNOS DE LA PERSONALIDAD PARA PROFESIONALES, DESDE EL MODELO DE BECK, FREEMAN, DAVIS Y OTROS (2005)
Authors: López Pell Andrés Fernando , Rondón Juan Manuel , Cellerino Cecilia , Alfano Silvina María
Published: August 2021

Los tratamientos psicológicos para los Trastornos de la personalidad todavía no alcanzan un grado de protocololarización tan específico como para describir las intervenciones para cada sesión. Esto podría deberse a la heterogeneidad de los casos que dificultaría la posibilidad de diseñar un protocolo. Los tratamientos entonces se basan en conceptualizaciones de caso sustentadas teóricamente que después determinan los objetivos y las intervenciones a realizar. La dificultad para conceptualizar desde determinado modelo puede que sea una razón por la que a los psicoterapeutas les costaría realizar el tratamiento más adecuado. Para afrontar este problema hemos diseñado unas ‘Guías esquematizadas para profesio-nales’ para mejorar la práctica de la psicoterapia para los trastornos y alteraciones de la personalidad. Estas guías son de una carilla para tenerlas a la vista durante las sesiones a fin conceptualizar los casos y guiar más fácilmente las inter-venciones desde el modelo de Beck, Freeman, Davis y otros (2005).
VARIABLES PSICOSOCIALES ASOCIADAS CON CALIDAD DE VIDA RELACIONADA CON LA SALUD EN MUJERES CON CÁNCER DE MAMA POST-CIRUGÍA: UNA REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Reich Micaela , Remor Eduardo
Published: August 2021

El cáncer de mama es un tumor maligno que surge de células ubicadas en la mama. Un tumor maligno es un grupo de células neoplásicas que puede desarrollarse e invadir tejido circundante o expandirse en forma de metástasis hacia áreas remotas del cuerpo (American Cancer Society, 2009).El objetivo del presente estudio de revisión sistemática fue identificar entre la bibliografía existente, aquellas publicaciones que estudiaran factores psicosociales como las estrategias de afrontamiento al estrés y la sintomatología depresiva que pudieran estar asociados o explicar los resultados en la CVRS en mujeres con cáncer de mama post-cirugía, y pudieran ser modificados a través de la intervención psicosocial. La revisión permitió identificar limitaciones en las investigaciones, y plantear sugerencias para estudios futuros. Los estudios se han clasificado teniendo en cuenta los siguientes criterios: considerando los constructos mencionados en su título, así como que se persiguiera a través del análisis de resultados la predicción de alguna de las variables estudiadas, en forma preponderante respecto del resto de ellas.  De cada una se describen las participantes, acciones, y resultados principales. Se discuten las derivaciones de cara a intervenciones psicosociales futuras. Los hallazgos de la presente revisión sugieren que las mujeres con cáncer de mama son vulnerables en tanto su CVRS puede verse afectada, o bien puedan presentar distrés psicológico, y desarrollar sintomatología depresiva. Ciertos estilos de afrontamiento, y ciertas variables sociodemográficas, clínicas, y psicosociales están asociados a un mejor ajuste a la enfermedad.
Colégio Pedro II: democracia no ensino de línguas estrangeiras
Authors: Braga da Silva Maria Gabriela
Published: August 2021

Este artigo pretende identificar o Colégio Pedro II como importante agente na democratização do ensino de línguas estrangeiras na educação pública brasileira na atualidade. A partir de uma pesquisa documental, apresenta-se um panorama histórico das políticas linguísticas próprias à instituição, em articulação com as políticas linguísticas educativas de âmbito nacional.
Diversidade linguística e direitos linguísticos no contexto de refúgio do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Balestro Ana Cristina
Published: August 2021

O presente artigo considera os temas de refúgio, acolhimento e diretos linguísticos no contexto de migração de refúgio contemporâneo no Rio de Janeiro. A análise se baseia em uma pesquisa documental, debruçando-se sobre publicações oficiais disponíveis a respeito da imigração de refúgio no Brasil e, mais especificamente, no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Para esse intuito, o referencial teórico utilizado é de Direitos Linguísticos (HAMEL, 2003; OLIVEIRA, SILVA, 2017; SCHNEIDER-MIZONY, 2018; VARENNES, 2001, 2015) e língua de acolhimento (ANÇÃ, 2008; BARBOSA, RUANO, 2016; GROSSO, 2010; PEREIRA, 2017). Com o aumento do fluxo de solicitantes de refúgio na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, contexto que expõe uma superdiversidade linguística, faz-se necessário refletir sobre a relação entre o respeito aos direitos linguísticos e os demais direitos dos solicitantes de refúgio no país de acolhimento.
DEBATS AUTOUR DE LA NORME ET DE LA QUALITE DE LA LANGUE EN MILIEU MINORITAIRE : L’EXEMPLE DE L’ACADIE DU NOUVEAU-BRUNSWICK
Authors: Arrighi Laurence , Urbain Émilie
Published: August 2021

En nous appuyant sur les discours publiés dans les principaux médias francophones de la région ces cinq dernières années, nous examinons les discours sur la langue française en circulation dans une communauté francophone minoritaire du Canada, l’Acadie du Nouveau-Brunswick. L’objectif de notre article est de dresser un portrait des débats sur la qualité du français et la norme linguistique qui émergent dans cette région caractérisée par l’usage répandu de vernaculaires marqués par la variation linguistique (que ce soit en termes d’archaïsmes, de variation morphosyntaxique ou encore de contact des langues). Dans un contexte minoritaire où les contacts linguistiques avec la langue dominante, l’anglais, sont nombreux et multiformes, les discours sur la qualité du français parlé (ou écrit) dans la région sont politiquement chargés et s’articulent à des questions de nationalisme, de représentation politique et de droit. Notre étude montre ainsi comment les propos sur la langue, qu’ils soient portés par des acteurs sociaux ordinaires ou par des personnalités publiques, donnent à voir des enjeux sociaux, politiques et économiques plus larges. En particulier, nos analyses révèlent que les discours souvent critiques sur le français des Acadiens et des Acadiennes s’articulent fréquemment autour de questions d’accès et de partage des ressources: accès au marché de l’emploi, accès à des services publics, accès à la francophonie internationale et les opportunités de développement économique qu’elle pourrait permettre.
VARIASI DIALEK YOGYAKARTA-PURWOREJO PADA CHANNEL YOUTUBE “PAK BHABIN POLISI PURWOREJO” (Sebuah Kajian Sosiodialektologi)
Authors: Naschah Ana Farichatun , Rahmawati Dwi
Published: August 2021

Abstract Social media is one vehicle for spreading language and culture. Pak Bhabin youtube channel Purworejo police is one of the channels that spreads language and culture through social media. This study aims to (1) find out the form of dialect language variation, (2) to find out the factors that influence language variations. This study uses descriptive qualitative research methods with a sociolinguistic approach. Data collection techniques in this study used the technique of listening, reading, note taking. Data analysis techniques were carried out starting from collecting, identifying, classifying and describing data. Based on the results of the research, in the Pak Bhabin youtube channel Purworejo police there was a dialect variation (Javanese jogja-ngapak) due to (1) Purworejo's geographical location which is located between Kebumen and Yogjakarta regencies, especially Kulon Progo, (2) There are phonological variations namely phonetic and phonemic, (3) There are semantic variations namely lexical and grammatical and, 4) Factors that influence the presence of geographic factors, social factors and fineness and accuracy factors. Abstrak            Sosial media merupakan salah satu wadah dalam penyebaran bahasa dan budaya. Chanel youtube Pak Bhabin polisi Purworejo merupakan salah satu chanel yang menyebarkan bahasa dan budaya melalui social media. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengetahui bentuk variasi bahasa dialek, (2) untuk mengetahui faktor yang mempengaruhi adanya variasi bahasa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan sosiolinguistik. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik simak, baca, catat. Teknik analisis data dilakukan mulai dari pengumpulan, identifikasi, klasifikasi dan mendeskripsikan data.  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dalam channel youtube Pak Bhabin polisi Purworejo terjadi variasi dialek (jawa jogja-ngapak) yang disebabkan karena (1) Letak geografis Purworejo yang terletak di antara Kabupaten Kebumen dan Yogjakarta khususnya Kulon Progo, (2) Adanya variasi fonologis yaitu fonetik dan fonemik, (3) Adanya variasi semantik yaitu leksikal dan gramatikal dan, 4) Faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi yakni adanya faktor geografi, faktor sosial serta faktor kehalusan dan ketepatan.
PENERAPAN METODE QUANTUM: BAGAIMANA SISWA MENULIS TEKS NEGOSIASI?
Authors: Muthowiatin Aini Nur , Sutrimah Sutrimah , Hasanudin Cahyo
Published: August 2021

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keterampilan menulis teks negosiasi yang ditulis oleh siswa MA Al-Munawwar Kunci Dander Bojonegoro dengan menggunakan metode pembelajaran quantum. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan studi kasus dengan jumlah subjek 25 siswa. Dari 25 siswa kemudian peneliti mengambil 7 siswa untuk diwawancarai dengan alasan teks negosiasinya sesuai dengan indikator. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, metode tes, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Data divaliditaskan dengan menggunakan triangulasi sumber data dan triangulasi metode. Teknik analisis data menggunakan metode contact analysis yang dimulai dari 1). reduksi data, 2). penyajian data, 3). penarikan simpulan dan verifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keterampilan menulis teks negosiasi yang ditulis oleh siswa MA Al-Munawwar Kunci Dander Bojonegoro sesuai dengan teori Rahman dengan baik. Simpulan pada penelitian ini adalah metode pembelajaran quantum sangat tepat digunakan karena dapat membuat siswa lebih aktif dan kreatif dalam pembelajaran di kelas. Kata Kunci: quantum learning, teks negosiasi, bahasa Indonesia
ANALISIS NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM NOVEL RUMAH TANPA JENDELA KARYA ASMA NADIA
Authors: Yulianto Agus , Nuryati Iis , Mufti Afrizal
Published: August 2021

ABSTRAK            Pendidikan karakter merupakan aset terpenting dalam kehidupan manusia untuk membentuk karakter peserta didik.  Nilai-nilai karakter dalam karya sastra sebuah novel dapat digunakan untuk membentuk karakter peserta didik. Karena pendidikan saat ini lebih  cenderung pada ranah akademik atau kognitif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter dalam novel Rumah Tanpa Jendela karya Asma Nadia. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan metode analisis deskriptif. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan pendekatan sosiologi sastra serta teknik analisis isi. Teknik analisis data dengan menginterpretasikan data, membaca keseluruhan data, menganalisis lebih detail, menerapkan proses koding untuk dideskripsikan, menyajikan kembali dalam narasi, dan menginterpretasikan atau memaknai data. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter dalam novel “Rumah Tanpa Jendela” karya Asmanadia yang mengandung nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter yaitu religius, kerja keras, gemar membaca, bersahabat, dan tanggung jawab.
POLA KARAKTERISTIK RAGAM BAHASA ISTILAH PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID 19 (CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019)
Authors: Oktavia Wahyu , Hayati Nur
Published: August 2021

The term is a form of words or a combination of words used to express a concept to get a certain meaning. This study aims to describe the characteristic patterns of various language terms during the Covid pandemic 19. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach where the results of the analysis are described in words but not in numerical form. The subjects in this study used new terms that existed during the Covid pandemic 19. While the object in this study was a characteristic pattern focused on the variety of Covid term languages 19. The technique used was observation and data collection techniques. The results showed that there were 38 data patterns of language characteristics of Covid 19 terms analyzed and then classified into 14 data in English form, 9 data in synonym form, 10 data in abbreviated form and 5 data in acronym form.
KONTAK BAHASA DAN BILINGUALISME: KETERANCAMAN VITALITAS BAHASA TUNJUNG DI DESA NGENYAN ASA, KABUPATEN KUTAI BARAT
Authors: Masfufah Nurul
Published: August 2021

Abstrak Tulisan ini mendeskripsikan bagaimana kondisi kontak bahasa dan bilingualisme di Desa Ngenyan Asa, Kabupaten Kutai Barat yang dapat mempengaruhi kebertahanan hidup atau vitalitas bahasa Tunjung. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik angket (kuesioner) dan wawancara. Adapun teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif dengan model interaktif yang terdiri atas reduksi data, sajian data, dan penarikan simpulan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan, ditemukan adanya kontak bahasa antarpenutur di Ngenyan Asa, yaitu bahasa Tunjung dengan Benuaq, Melayu Kutai, Banjar, Jawa, dan Indonesia. Penyebabnya, yaitu perpindahan penduduk,  adanya buruh atau pekerja dari suku lain,  adanya hubungan budaya yang dekat (suku Tunjung dan Benuaq), dan adanya ‘kontak belajar’ di sekolah. Masyarakat penutur bahasa Tunjung di Desa Ngenyan Asa juga cenderung dwibahasawan atau bilingualisme. Mereka menguasai bahasa Tunjung, bahasa Indonesia, dan bahasa Benuaq. Adanya kontak bahasa dan bilingualisme ini dapat mengancam vitalitas bahasa Tunjung. Bahasa Tunjung dapat tergeser oleh penggunaaan bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa daerah lain yang dianggapnya lebih bergengsi, khususnya di kalangan generasi muda.Abstract This paper describes how the conditions of language contact and bilingualism in Ngenyan Asa Village, West Kutai district can affect the survival or vitality of the Tunjung language. Data collection techniques using questionnaires and interviews. The data analysis technique uses descriptive analysis techniques with an interactive model consisting of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Based on the results of research and discussion, it was found that there were contact languages between speakers in Ngenyan Asa, namely Tunjung languages with Benuaq, Kutai Malay, Banjar, Javanese, and Indonesian. The reasons for this are the movement of the population, the existence of laborers or workers from other tribes, the existence of close cultural relations (the Tunjung and Benuaq tribes), and the 'learning contacts' at the school. The Tunjung language community in Ngenyan Asa Village also tends to be bilingual or bilingualism. They mastered Tunjung, Indonesian and Benuaq. The existence of language contact and bilingualism can threaten the vitality of the Tunjung language. The Tunjung language can be displaced by the use of Indonesian and other regional languages which it considers more prestigious, especially among the younger generation.