bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Οι πόλεμοι μεταξύ του Νικηφόρου Φωκά και των Αράβων.
Authors: ΤΑΚΙΡΤΑΚΟΓΛΟΥ Κωνσταντίνος
Published: February 2016

This article attempts to present the conflicts between the Byzantines and the Arabs, in the period that Nicephorus Phocas was active on the eastern front. It aims to fill certain gaps in the history of this period in the light of medieval Arabic sources.

Arab historiographers and geographers recount the deeds of Nicephorus Phocas, both as Domestic and as Emperor, informing us of how the Islamic world reacted to Byzantium's renewed aggressiveness.

Except for the military sector, historians can benefit from the information provided by the Arabic sources regarding internal affairs of the Byzantien Empire, such as the bad relations of Nicephorus Phocas with the circle of Emperor Romanos II or the active role of the Armenians in the wars of that period.

This study focuses also on all the conflicts of Nicephorus Phocas, both with the Hamdanids and with the Arabs of Sicily, but allso on the campaigns against Crete and Cyprus. Particular attention is given to the demeanor of the Byzantine Emperor in these operations, as seen by the Arabic sources.
στρατιωτικές συγκρούσεις Βυζαντινών και Αράβων την εποχή του Νικηφόρου Β' Φωκά (963-969) σύμφωνα με τις αραβικές πηγές.
Το χωριό «Χώστιανες» του θέματος Μογλενών
Authors: Παπαγεωργίου Μαρία Γ.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Οι δυο έμμετρες μονωδίες για την τελευταία άλωση της Θεσσαλονίκης
Authors: Τσάρας Γιάννης
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Tombeau hellénistique de l' ancien cimetière de Vergina
Authors: Δάφφα-Νικονάνου Αλεξάνδρα
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Ανέκδοτη ρίμα για τον Άγιο Γεώργιο
Authors: Βασδραβέλλης Ι. Κ.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
A. S. Šofman, Istorija antičnoj Makedonii (Geschichte des antiken Makedonien)
Authors: Heinen Heinz
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Ιωάννου Κ. Βασδραβέλλη, Ο αγώνας του 1821 στη Μακεδονία
Authors: Τσιρπανλής Ζ. Ν.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
S. R. Hamilton, Plutarch, Alexander: A commentary
Authors: Λαούρδας Βασίλειος
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Ο Φραγκίσκος Μοροζίνι, η Κασσάνδρα, η Καβάλλα και η Θάσος: αι διενεργηθήσαι κατ' αυτών επιδρομαί
Authors: Μέρτζιος Κ. Δ.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Ο σουηδός ανατολιστής Jacob Jonas Bjoernstaahl και το ταξίδι του στη Θεσσαλονίκη και στη Μακεδονία στα 1779
Authors: Callmer Christian
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Το κοινόν των Μακεδόνων
Authors: Κανατσούλης Δ.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Τραγούδια γάμου των Σαρακατσαναίων
Authors: Μάνος Πάνος Ε.
Published: February 2016

No abstracts
Ο γάμος εν Άργει Ορεστικώ
Authors: Σπανού-Αναγνωστοπούλου Στέλλα
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Κισσός
Authors: Μπακαλάκης Γ.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Εορταστικαί πυραί εν Μακεδονία
Authors: Κυριακίδης Στίλπων Π.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Χρ. Νάλτσα, Το Μακεδονικόν ζήτημα και η Σοβιετική πολιτική
Authors: Λαούρδας Βασίλειος
Published: February 2016

No abstract
G. Β. Zotiades, The Macedonian controversy
Authors: Λαούρδας Βασίλειος
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Bernard Vonderlage, Thessaloniki. Bilder aus der vergangenheit der stadt; ihre beziehugen zur deutschen geschichte
Authors: Κυριακίδης Στίλπων Π.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Το ανέκδοτο ημερολόγιο του παπά-Νικόλα Κουκόλη απ' το Λιμπόχοβο της Δυτικής Μακεδονίας (1817-1926)
Authors: Τσάρας Γιάννης
Published: February 2016

No abstract 
Διαπιστώσεις του κ. Ιωάννου Κ. Βασδραβέλλη, Γενικού Γραμματέως της Εταιρείας Μακεδονικών Σπουδών εις τα αρχεία της Βιέννης
Authors: Βασδραβέλλης Ιωάννης Κ.
Published: February 2016

No abstract 
Γεωργίου Α. Μέγα, Τα τρόπαια των οχυρών της Ανατολικής Μακεδονίας και Θράκης
Authors: Παπαστάθης Χαράλαμπος Κ.
Published: February 2016

No abstract 
Παναγιώτη Γ. Συνάδου, Άγιον Όρος (Άθως). Η ιδιότυπη "Πολιτεία" του Κόσμου, (Ταξιδιωτικές εντυπώσεις και περιγραφές, ιστορικά και άλλα στοιχεία, θέματα, απόψεις κ.λ.π.)
Authors: Παπουλίδης Κωνσταντίνος Κ.
Published: February 2016

No abstract 
Σχέδια της Θάλειας Φλώρα-Καραβία από τον πόλεμο του 1912-13: (συλλογή Γ΄Σώματος Στρατού)
Authors: Χαραλαμπίδης Αλκιβιάδης Γ.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Les Illyriens et la genèse des Albanais, Πρακτικά της Συνόδου, από 3-4 Μαρτίου 1969, του Ινστιτούτου Ιστορίας και Γλωσσολογίας του Πανεπιστημίου των Τιράνων
Authors: Πέτσας Φώτιος Μ.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
R. A. Crossland-Ann Bireliall (editors), Bronze Age Migrations in the Aegean
Authors: Πέτσας Φώτιος Μ.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Παρατηρήσεις τίνες εις Συμεών Θεσσαλονίκης: διατάξις ακριβής της εορτής του Αγίου Δημητρίου
Authors: Πελεκανίδης Σ.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Τέσσαρες Βυζαντινοί καθολικοί κριταί λανθάνοντες εν βυζαντινώ γνωστώ κείμενω
Authors: Θεοχαρίδης Γ. Ι.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Μακεδονικά άσματα και έθιμα και δοξασίαι
Authors: Κυριακίδης Στίλπων Π.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
G. Millet, La peinture du moyen âge en Yougoslavie (Serbie, Macédoine, Monténégro). Fascicule II. Album présenté par A. Frolow
Authors: Ξυγγόπουλος Α.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Περικλέους Αλεξ. Αργυροπούλου, Ο Μακεδονικός Αγών (Απομνημονεύματα), πρόλογος Θησέως Λιβερίου
Authors: Λαούρδας Βασ.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Γ. Α. Μαραβελέα, Παύλος Μελάς. Η ζωή, η δράση και ο δοξασμένος θάνατος του πρωτομάρτυρος της μακεδονικής ελευθερίας. Πρόλογος Βασ. Λαούρδα
Authors: Λαούρδας Βασ.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Θεοδ. Γρηγ. Κανελοπούλου, Καπετάν Άγρας, Τέλλος Αγαπηνός εθνομάρτυρας (1880-1907). Εισαγωγή στο Μακεδονικό Αγώνα
Authors: Λαούρδας Βασ.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Απ. Κ. Γκισδαβίδη, Το Μελένικον. Αρχαιολογική και ιστορική μελέτη (άνευ έτους και τόπου εκδόσεως)
Authors: Λαούρδας Βασ.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Ο Μακεδονικός Αγών εις την περιοχήν των Σερρών κατά το 1907. Εκθέσεις του προξένου Σακτούρη. Έκδοσις κειμένων, σημειώσεις υπό Βασιλείου Λαούρδα. Εισαγωγή υπό Πέτρου Πέννα
Authors: Λαούρδας Βασ.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Albania, Stavro Skendi editor
Authors: Λαούρδας Βασ.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Jozo Tomasevich, Peasants politics and economic change in Yugoslavia
Authors: Λαούρδας Βασ.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Tyrcki docymenti za Makedonckata istorijia 1827-1839
Authors: Λαούρδας Βασ.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Ανέκδοτον εγκώμιον εις τον Όσιο Δαβίδ
Authors: Λαούρδας Βασ.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Franz Babinger, Die Aufzeichnungen des Genuesen Iacopo de Promontorio - de Campis uber den Osmanenstaat um 1475
Authors: Κυριακίδης Στίλπων Π.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Χαριλάου Γεωργ. Τσέκου, ιατρού-παθολόγου, Ιστορία του Ασβεστοχωρίου
Authors: Κυριακίδης Στίλπων Π.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Σύμμεικτα περί της «Φιλοκαλίας» και του «Ευεργετινού»
Authors: Παπουλίδης Κωνσταντίνος Κ.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Γεωργίου Χ. Χιονίδη, Ιστορία της Βεροίας (της πόλεως και της περιοχής). Τόμος Β' (Βυζαντινοί χρόνοι)
Authors: Θεοχαρίδης Γ. Ι.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Μακεδονικά έθιμα
Authors: Ξανθός Ι.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Ο γάμος στην Προσωτσάνη
Authors: Μάνος Παναγιώτης Ε.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Ν. Π. Δελιαλή, τ. Εφόρου Δημοτικής Βιβλιοθήκης Κοζάνης, Διαθήκαι ευεργετών της πόλεως Κοζάνης
Authors: Τσάρας Γιάννης
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Ευαγγέλου Κωφού, Η επανάστασις της Μακεδονίας κατά το 1878. Ανέκδοτα προξενικά έγγραφα μετά συντόμου ιστορικής επισκοπήσεως
Authors: Κιουτούτσκας Γεώργιος Ι.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Χελιδόνισμα Γέρμα Καστοριάς
Authors: Γεωργίου Χρίστος Γ.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Charalambos Papastathis, The Statute of the Athonic Russian cells’ brotherhood according to the constitutional laws of Mount Athos, Sofia (ανάτυπο από τα Actes du Prémier Congrès International des Études Balkaniques et Sud-Est Européennes, τόμ. IV, Histoire
Authors: Παπουλίδης Κωνσταντίνος Κ.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Αναστασίου Εμμ. Χριστοδούλου, Ιστορία της Βεροίας
Authors: Θεοχαρίδης Γ. Ι.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Fanoula Papazoglou: a) Héraclée des Lyncestes la lumière des textes littéraires et épigraphiques I
Authors: Κανατσούλης Δ.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Ίωνος Στεφάνου Δραγούμη, Η Μονή του Προδρόμου και το χωριό Λάκκος των Σερρών. Απάντηση του Ι. Στ. Δρ. (1878-1920), γραμμένη γαλλικά τον Οκτώβριο του 1903 από τας Σέρρες, σε γράμμα Έλληνα φίλου του από το Παρίσι. Μετάφραση Φιλίππου Στεφάνου Δραγούμη
Authors: Κυριακίδης Στίλπων Π.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Χρυσοστόμου Καλαφάτη, μητροπολίτου Δράμας, Εκθέσεις περί του Μακεδονικού Αγώνος 1903-1907. Επιμέλεια Βασιλείου Λαούρδα. Πρόλογος Στίλπωνος Π. Κυριακίδου
Authors: Κυριακίδης Στίλπων Π.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Νικ. Κ. Μουτσοπούλου, Το αρχοντικό του Σιόρ Μανωλάκη στη Βέροια
Authors: Κυριακίδης Στίλπων Π.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Γεωργ. Ι Θεοχαρίδου, Τοπογραφία και πολιτική ιστορία της Θεσσαλονίκης κατά τον ΙΔ' αιώνα
Authors: Κυριακίδης Στίλπων Π.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Μ. Ανδρονίκου-χ. Μακαρόνα-Ν. Μουτσοπούλου-Γ. Μπακαλάκη, Το Ανάκτορο της Βεργίνας
Authors: Κυριακίδης Στίλπων Π.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Ιωαν. Π. Μαμαλάκη, Νέα στοιχεία, σχετικά με την επανάστασιν της Χαλκιδικής το 1821
Authors: Κυριακίδης Στίλπων Π.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Αθανασίου Ηλ. Πάσχου, Ιστορία της Λιγκοβάνης
Authors: Κυριακίδης Στίλπων Π.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Ανέκδοτα φιρμάνια αφορώντα εις τα εν τη Χερσονήσω Κασσάνδρας και αλλαχού της Χαλκιδικής ευρισκόμενα μετόχια
Authors: Βασδραβέλλης Ιωάννης Κ.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Η λιγόχρονη Μητρόπολη Δεσκάτης (1882-1896)
Authors: Σπανός Κώστας Β.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Συμπληρωματικά περί Μακεδόνων κλεφτών και αρματολών
Authors: Βασδραβέλλης Ιωάννης Κ.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Θεοδώρου Ν. Βλάχου, Η ιστορία της Φιλιππουπόλεως κατά την Βυζαντινήν περιόδον
Authors: Νυσταζοπούλου-Πελεκίδου Μαρία
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Γεωργίου Ιωάννου Ζαβίρα, Νέα Ελλάς ή Ελληνικόν Θέατρον
Authors: Τσιρπανλής Ζαχ. Ν.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Le miracles de saint-Démétrius dans le cod. carpent. 103 introduction a l' étude du texte
Authors: Hibon Roland
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Bοjinοv V., L’entraînement de la Bulgarie dans la seconde guerre mondiale et ses conséquences, «Etudes Historiques», τόμος II
Authors: Παπαδόπουλος Στέφανος Ι.
Published: February 2016

No abstract
Cardiovascular System Aboriginal and Send the Female Cardiovascular System Aboriginal and Migrant Female Population of the North of Russia: Models and Age Dynamics
Authors: Соколова  , Sokolova A. , Еськов  , Eskov Valeriy , Филатова  , Filatova O. , Хадарцева  , Khadartseva K. , Эльман  , Elman Kseniya
Published: February 2016

Pathology of the cardiovascular system significantly affects the operational period, and improvement in cardiovascular system always and definitely can provide the prolongation of life. So the study of differences in life expectancy between aboriginal and migrant female population living in the North of the Russian Federation is based on the state of the cardiovascular system. To study the dynamics of the parameters of the autonomic nervous system in female population of Ugra - Ob of the North of Russia, the authors used the method of cardiorythm registration. It is defined that parasympathetic division (parameter SIM) dominates over the sympathetic division (parameter PAR) of the autonomic nervous system in the youngest age group of women. The authors found diametrically opposite dynamics of PAR in two age groups: migrant population has a high initial value at a young age (12.5.a.u.) in comparison with the natives (10,6 a.u. source). However, in older age, these differences remain (7,84 a.u. and 6,87 a.u. respectively). Description of the dynamics of increase of the sympathetic and downs parasympathetic effect was produced in the framework of the model of Verhulst-Pearl, i.e., systems with saturation. However, the parameters of RR-intervals in the migrant population have a parabolic dependence.
Improving the Effectiveness of Drug Therapy for Hypertension in Men with Combined Use of Low Intensity Uhf Physiotherapy
Authors: Логаткина  , Logatkina A. , Бондарь  , Bondar S. , Терехов  , Terekhov I. , Собченко  , Sobchenko A.
Published: February 2016

120 men (51,5±2,5 years old) with arterial hypertension stage П-Ш were examined. From the first days of stay of these patients in the clinic, a physical therapy low-intensity UHF radiation frequency of 1000 MHz with a power of 0.1 μw was included in the complex therapy. On the background of a drug therapy, there was a statistically significant increase of NO level by 12,4% (p=0,039) and ACE by 11,8% (p=0,05). A month later after treatment, the authors observed a decrease in the concentration of the soluble form of receptors of the 1st type to AHT-II by 22,4% (p=0,017). In the group of patients who received additional physical therapy, there was a decrease in renin activity by 19,3% (p=0,021), RAHT-Π by 18,8% (p=0,023). A month later, in these patients there was a further decrease in the concentration of RAHT-II by 52,8% (p=0,001), ACE by 12,3% (p=0,037), AHT-II by 13,4% (p=0,033), an endothelin level by 10,7% (p=0,051) and hsCRP by 13,2% (p=0,044). An increase in the concentration of NO level by 11.4% (p=0.05) was revealed.

Thus, the use of low-intensity UHF physiotherapy in treatment of hypertension contributes to a reduction of endo-thelial dysfunction and vasopressor activity mechanisms with preservation of the achieved effects within one month after discharge the patient from hospital.
General and Local Cryotherapy in Treatment of Wounds
Authors: Аралова  , Aralova M. , Глухов  , Glukhov A.
Published: February 2016

In recent decades, cryotherapy has gained recognition and dissemination in various fields of medicine, the influence of cold on different systems of the body is studied, the mechanism of human adaptation to the action is revealed. There are new technical possibilities of cold generation and modern crynoidal. Cryotherapy is divided into general and local, with the use of moderately low and low temperatures. Local cryotherapy is divided into hardware and software functional tests. Healthy human body to acute cooling meets a number of standard reactions. Depending on the intensity, duration, dynamics, impact, scientists divide the destructive and regenerative cryotherapy, cryosurgery. Modern cryosurgery is a gentle and economical method of eliminating pathological tissues. The main mechanism of action of low temperatures on biological tissue is the formation of intracellular ice, damaging organelles, membranes. The rate of cooling and thawing are important. At the time of cryotherapy, the boundary of the zone of freezing increases in all directions from the edge of the cryo applicator, and the subsequent reaction of cryodestruction are identical at any location of the hearth. For the treatment of venous ulcers, the authors gave a description of the ways of use the snow of carbonic acid, spraying liquid nitrogen on necrotic tissue. Cryotherapy is well defined in treatment of non-healing wounds.
Thermodynamic Method in Analyzing of the Parameters Bioelectrical Muscles at Different Static Loads
Authors: Майстренко  , Maystrenko E. , Черников  , Chernikov N. , Горбунов  , Gorbunov D. , Гавриленко  , Gavrilenko T. , Берестин  , Berestin D.
Published: February 2016

The comparative analysis of the dynamics of changes in the bioelectric activity of muscles in

response to changes in static stress in the muscle is presented. As the main result of this study after an data

analysis obtained by the methods of the chaos theory and self‐organization to describe complex biological

systems, it was established low efficiency of deterministic‐stochastic approach. Shannon entropy calculation

is performed in different functional states of the muscles. Analysis of the recorded signal and evaluation of

randomness in the recorded signal of electro‐myograms showed that with increasing load the size of quasiattractors

of the recorded bioelectric potentials of the muscles increases dramatically, but the results of the

analysis based on the calculation of the entropy, i.e. the thermodynamic approach, are statistically insignificant.

The results allow to conclude that deterministic‐stochastic methods (in particular, the thermodynamic

methods) in the assessment of electro‐myograms have low efficiency, and should be used for calculating the

area quasi‐attractors of S in evaluating the physiological state of the human body (its homeostasis).
he Parameters of Cardiovascular System of Organism of Women – Workers of Oil and Gas Complex in Conditions of Industrial Electromagnetic Waves
Authors: Болтаев  , Boltaev A. , Газя  , Gazya G. , Майстренко  , Maystrenko E. , Шиляева  , Shilyaeva O.
Published: February 2016

This article is dedicated to the study of electromagnetic fields of industrial frequency on the

human body. A comparative analysis of the parameters of autonomic system of women‐ workers of oil and

gas industry using the methods of classical statistics and the theory of chaos and self‐organization was found

that that the degree of tension of the autonomic functions in the body women do not fall under the influence

of an electromagnetic field in the labor process, is in a more stable manner compared with women, whose

bodies are exposed to electromagnetic radiation. To a large extent the electromagnetic field has a negative

effect on the organism of women older than 35 years.
Differential Diagnosis of Neck Formations
Authors: Пампутис  , Pamputis S. , Лопатникова  , Lopatnikova E.
Published: February 2016

The article describes the low‐invasive method for the differential diagnosis of formations in

the projection of the thyroid gland and adjacent soft tissues of the neck (application for invention number

2014146341).

The objective of the study was to develop a low‐invasive method of preoperative differential diagnosis

of neck structures visualized by ultrasound to reduce trauma performed diagnostic procedures and to reduce

the time to clarify the diagnosis in determining the subsequent treatment.

The purpose is achieved in the implementation of ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration biopsy of

formation in the projection of the thyroid gland and adjacent soft tissues of the neck with one‐stage fence

material one needle through one skin puncture for determination of three parameters: the level of parathyroid

hormone, thyroglobulin and to perform cytology.

Depending on the outcomes, the proposed method allows to carry out a reliable differential diagnosis

between formation cyst of the parathyroid gland, node/cyst of the thyroid gland, thyroid cancer, lymph node

or metastasis cancer of the thyroid gland in the lymph node, and thus greatly to reduce the trauma diagnostic

procedures and the time to clarify the diagnosis and choice of volume of operative treatment in patients

with hyperparathyroidism, nodal forms of goiter, thyroid cancer and recurrence of these diseases.

The proposed method is economical and easy to carry out, applicable to inpatient and outpatient basis

without anesthesia.
The Use of Intravascular Ultrasound in Patients with Coronary Atherosclerosis (Literature Review)
Authors: Меркулов  , Merkulov E. , Миронов  , Mironov V. , Терещенко  , Tereshchenko A. , Абдужамалова  , Abduzhamalova N. , Наумов  , Naumov V.
Published: February 2016

In recent years, along with radiopaque coronary angiography, the intravascular ultrasound of

the coronary arteries is widely used. This method allows to image not only the lumen of the artery in real

time, but also to evaluate the ultrasonic structure of the vascular wall in various areas. Spectral analysis of

the radiofrequency characteristics of the reflected ultrasound signal allows to identifying the different types of plaques, including the structural unstable atherosclerotic plaques, among them the plaques with a high

risk of rupture ‐ a thin‐cap fibroatheroma. Accurate quantification and detailed qualitative analysis of the

state of the coronary arteries by the intravascular ultrasonic method assess the degree of atherosclerotic lesions

and to choose the most optimal method of treatment. Stenting of coronary arteries under ultrasound

control significantly reduces the risk of subacute thrombotic coronary artery occlusion in the stented segment

and restenosis in the stent.

The article discusses the role of the proposed method in clinical practice and in scientific work in the

field of the evolution of atherosclerotic plaques, and assessing the effectiveness of new interventional and

pharmacological therapies.
Culling the Herd: Using Real-World Randomized Experiments to Measure Social Bias with Known Costly Goods
Authors: Godinho de Matos Miguel , Ferreira Pedro , Smith Michael D. , Telang Rahul
Published: February 2016

Peer ratings have become increasingly important sources of product information, particularly in markets for information goods. However, in spite of the increasing prevalence of this information, there are relatively few academic studies that analyze the impact of peer ratings on consumers transacting in “real-world” marketplaces. In this paper, we partner with a major telecommunications company to analyze the impact of peer ratings in a real-world video-on-demand market where consumer participation is organic and where movies are costly and well known to consumers. After experimentally changing the initial conditions of product information displayed to consumers, we find that, consistent with the prior literature, peer ratings influence consumer behavior independently from underlying product quality. However, we also find that, in contrast to the prior literature, there is little evidence of long-term bias as a result of herding effects, at least in our setting. Specifically, when movies are artificially promoted or demoted in peer rating lists, subsequent reviews cause them to return to their true quality position relatively quickly. One explanation for this difference is that consumers in our empirical setting likely had more outside information about the true quality of the products they were evaluating than did consumers in the studies reported in prior literature. Although tentative, this explanation suggests that in real-world marketplaces where consumers have sufficient access to outside information about true product quality, peer ratings may be more robust to herding effects and thus provide more reliable signals of true product quality than previously thought.

This paper was accepted by Lorin M. Hitt, information systems.
Targeted Information Release in Social Networks
Authors: Zhou Junjie , Chen Ying-Ju
Published: February 2016

As various firms initially make information and access to their products/services scarce within a social network, identifying influential players emerges as a pivotal step for their success. In this paper, we tackle this problem using a stylized model that features payoff externalities and local network effects. The network designer is allowed to release information to only a subset of players (leaders); these targeted players make their contributions first and the rest (followers) move subsequently after observing the leaders’ decisions. In the presence of incomplete information, the signaling incentive drives the optimal selection of leaders and can lead to a first-order materialistic effect on equilibrium contributions.

We propose a novel index for the key leader selection with incomplete information that can be substantially different from the key player index in Ballester et al. (2006) [Ballester C, Calvó-Armengol A, Zenou Y (2006) Who’s who in networks. wanted: The key player. Econometrica 74(5):1403–1417] and the key leader index with complete information proposed in Zhou and Chen (2015) [Zhou J, Chen Y-J (2015) Key leaders in social networks. J. Econom. Theory 157:212–235]. We also show that in undirected graphs, the optimal leader group identified in Zhou and Chen (2015) is exactly the optimal follower group when signaling is present. In particular, if the graphs are complete, the network designer ranks the players by the ascending order of their intrinsic valuations, and the leaders are those with lower intrinsic valuations. In the out-tree hierarchical structure, the key leader turns out to be the one that stays in the middle, and it is not necessarily exactly the central player in the network.
Efficacy of the nurse ethicist in reducing moral distress: what can the NHS learn from the USA? Part 2
Authors: Morley Georgina
Published: February 2016

In the second of two interrelated articles exploring the concept of moral distress, this article will discuss the efficacy of the nurse ethicist in reducing moral distress. The author will draw on the current literature and on her experiences while in the USA to discuss the ways in which moral distress is being addressed at the team/unit and institutional/organisational levels. It is argued that the nature of moral distress in the UK should be explored further, and that many of the tools used to mitigate moral distress in the USA, such as clinical ethics committees and healthcare ethics consultants, could be adopted more widely in the UK, both to reduce moral distress and to foster more ethical healthcare institutions. The role of the nurse ethicist could be pivotal in bridging the gap between organisational ethics and the individual moral values of bedside nurses. Ultimately, this article argues, the role of the nurse ethicist is worthy of replication in a UK context.
A novel approach to antibiofilm susceptibility testing using a thermo-reversible matrix
Authors: Taylor B.J. , Marsh L.L. , Nosworthy J.O. , Williams D.W.
Published: February 2016

Objective:

Biofilm microorganisms are known to have a much higher tolerance to antimicrobials compared to their planktonic equivalents. Therefore, traditional antimicrobial susceptibility testing may not extrapolate to clinical treatment of infections of biofilm origin, and as a result, there is a need to not only develop antimicrobials with antibiofilm activity, but also suitable in vitro testing methods for their evaluation. In this study, we report on a novel method of antibiofilm testing using a thermo-reversible matrix (poloxamer 407), coupled with live/dead staining of bacteria cultured from the matrix.

Method:

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (NCIMB 8626) was cultured in medium containing poloxamer 407 at 37°C for 24 hours to generate biofilms. The preparation was cooled to liquefy the poloxamer and allow recovery of the biofilm cells, which were then stained with SYTO9 to determine viability following exposure to four antimicrobials: polyhexanide, octenadine dihydrochloride, povidone-iodine and silver carbonate. Over an 8-minute time period, fluorescence levels were spectrophotometrically measured and compared with bacterial controls, cultured in the absence of poloxamer and without antimicrobial.

Results:

Untreated cells showed no reduction in viability over this period. Importantly, planktonic cells were more susceptible to test agents compared with those of a ‘biofilm’ phenotype cultured in poloxamer. Antibiofilm activity was evident for all of the test agents, with highest relative activity seen with octenadine dihydrochloride.

Conclusion:

In summary, a novel and relatively rapid approach to screen compounds for antibiofilm activity has been described. The method uses standard laboratory equipment and can be readily adapted to test a wide range of microorganisms and other antibiofilm compounds.

Declaration of interest:

This research was, in part, supported by Advanced Medical Solutions in the form of a Knowledge Transfer Project. Mr J. Nosworthy was employed by Advanced Medical Solutions. There are no other conflicts of interests to declare.
In vitro activity of an engineered honey, medical-grade honeys, and antimicrobial wound dressings against biofilm-producing clinical bacterial isolates
Authors: Halstead F. D. , Webber M. A. , Rauf M. , Burt R. , Dryden M. , Oppenheim B. A.
Published: February 2016

Objective:

Honey is recognised to be a good topical wound care agent owing to a broad-spectrum of antimicrobial activity combined with healing properties. Surgihoney RO (SH1) is a product based on honey that is engineered to produce enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and has been reported to be highly antimicrobial. The objective was to investigate the ability of the engineered honey and its comparators to prevent biofilm formation in vitro.

Method:

We tested the ability of three medical-grade honeys SH1, Activon manuka honey (MH) and Medihoney manuka honey (Med), alongside five antimicrobial dressings (AMDs) to prevent the formation of biofilms by 16 isolates. Honeys were serially double diluted from 1:3 down to 1:6144 and the lowest dilution achieving a statistically significant reduction in biomass of at least 50%, compared with untreated controls, was recorded.

Results:

Although all the honeys were antibacterial and were able to prevent the formation of biofilms, SH1 was the most potent, with efficacy at lower dilutions than the medical honeys for five isolates, and equivalent dilutions for a further six. Additionally, SH1 was superior in antibacterial potency to three commercially available AMDs that contain honey.

Conclusion:

SH1 is effective at preventing bioflms from forming and is superior to medical honeys and AMDs in in vitro tests.
The presence of biofilm structures in atherosclerotic plaques of arteries from legs amputated as a complication of diabetic foot ulcers
Authors: Snow D. E. , Everett J. , Mayer G. , Cox S. B. , Miller B. , Rumbaugh K. , Wolcott R. A. , Wolcott R. D.
Published: February 2016

Objective

Atherosclerosis, rather than microcirculatory impairment caused by endothelial cell dysfunction, is the main driver of circulatory compromise in patients with diabetic limbs. The presence of atherosclerotic plaque at the trifurcation is a significant contributor to amputation of diabetic legs. The presence of bacteria and other microorganisms in atherosclerotic plaque has long been known, however, the cause of chronic inflammation and the role of bacteria/viruses in atherosclerosis have not been studied in detail. The objective of this study was to clarify the cause of the chronic inflammation within atherosclerotic plaques, and determine if any bacteria and/or viruses are involved in the inflammatory pathway.

Method

This study uses fluorescence microscopy and fluorescence in-situ hybridisation (FISH) to identify components of biofilm in atherosclerotic arteries. These tools are also used to identify individual bacteria, and determine the architectural spatial location within the atherosclerotic plaque where the bacteria can be found.

Results

The results indicate that the presence of biofilms in grossly involved arteries may be an important factor in chronic inflammatory pathways of atherosclerotic progression, in the amputated limbs of patients with diabetic foot ulcers and vascular disease.

Conclusion

While the presence of bacterial biofilm structures in atherosclerotic plaque does not prove that biofilm is the proximate cause of atherosclerosis, it could contribute to the persistent inflammation associated with it. Second, the synergistic relationship between the atherosclerotic infection and the diabetic foot ulcer may ultimately contribute to higher amputation rates in diabetics.

Declaration of interest:

RAW and RDW have equity interest in PathoGenius, a clinical laboratory using DNA to identify microbes.
Challenging present concepts in compression therapy: static stiffness index is not consistent and not clinically relevant
Authors: Kravitz S. , Hegarty-Craver M. , Reid L.
Published: February 2016

Once a circumferential force is delivered to a limb by a compression device, assuming the tension within the device remains constant, any change in the total force is dependent upon a change in circumference of the limb, with the rate of change (excluding fabric creep) being dependent on the stress strain curve of the device. This article addresses the pre-conceived and well-accepted principle that interface compression delivered by a compression device substantially increases with the position of the limb, based on the positions of sitting (non-weight bearing) to standing and/or during muscle activity (ankle dorsiflexion). Using engineering parameters and clinical measurements, the authors demonstrate that changes in interface pressure are minimal if any, and that the current concept should be modified accordingly.

Declaration of interest:

This study was sponsored by Carolon. L. Reid, and S. Kravitz are employees of Carolon. M. Hegarty-Craver has received monetary compensation as a researcher for Carolon.
Surgical outcome and patterns of recurrence for retroperitoneal sarcoma at a single centre
Authors: Hogg HDJ , Manas DM , Lee D , Dildey P , Scott J , Lunec J , French JJ
Published: February 2016

Introduction

Retroperitoneal sarcoma is a surgically managed condition that can recur locally following macroscopically complete resection. Owing to the low incidence of the condition, advances in treatment are reported infrequently but complete compartmental resection and adjuvant or neoadjuvant radiotherapy are areas under investigation. Given the practical difficulty of randomised trials, observational data can highlight advantages from progressive treatment approaches.

Methods

A retrospective database of consecutive retroperitoneal sarcoma resections performed at a single referral centre between March 1997 and March 2013 was interrogated. Histological, radiological and clinical data were collected. Univariate and multivariate analyses for disease free and overall survival were performed to establish independent predictors of disease recurrence and patient survival.

Results

A total of 79 patients underwent 90 resections (63 primary). The mean five-year overall and disease free survival rates were 55.3% and 24.8% respectively. Higher patient age, high tumour grade, presence of extraretroperitoneal disease and invasive tumour phenotype were found to significantly predict survival following multivariate analysis. Half (50%) of the tumours displayed invasive behaviour on histopathology and 42% of locoregional recurrence was intraperitoneal.

Conclusions

Retroperitoneal sarcoma is commonly an infiltrative tumour and often recurs outside of the retroperitoneum. These features limit the therapeutic impact of interventions that focus on gaining local control such as complete compartmental resection and radiotherapy. It seems likely that future advances in the management of this cancer will involve new systemic agents to treat this frequently systemic disease.
Thomas Adès and Meredith Oakes: The Tempest
Authors: Ewans Michael
Published: February 2016

This article analyses the opera The Tempest, composed by Thomas Adès to a text written for him by Meredith Oakes (after Shakespeare); it was first staged at The Royal Opera House in London in 2004. The text is first examined for its relationship with Shakespeare’s original play; the plot, cuts, transpositions and significant additions are all examined; then the relationship between the dramatic themes of the opera and those of the source text, and the ways in which direct quotations from Shakespeare are used and reworked, are also considered. In these last two sections the music of the opera begins to feature in the analysis, and text and music are examined as an integrated whole in the sections that follow, which discuss in turn the four principal characters Prospero, Caliban, Miranda and Ariel. Two closing sections consider aspects of the structure and style of the music that have not been explored earlier in the article. There are numerous quotations from the libretto, three plates and five music examples.
The new choreography of Rodgers and Hammerstein’s Allegro
Authors: Rumsey Phoebe
Published: February 2016

This article investigates John Doyle’s 2014 revival of Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein’s 1947 musical Allegro. Specifically, this discussion considers how the choice to have all actors in a musical play an instrument creates choreographic material that becomes ripe with dramatic opportunities. The discussion explores how Doyle’s move away from dance and towards musicianship as a way of defining character makes Allegro’s themes resonate in a way that escaped director and choreographer Agnes DeMille in the original. Through an analysis of the movements required to play a musical instrument, this article poses the dramaturgical question, how does a new choreography emerge out of the shift of musicianship to the actors, and how does this movement provide a new way of synthesizing the piece? Given that this choreographic substance inevitably becomes part of the dramatic action, this article probes how the production is mediated through the physical. Reckoning with how the body is rethought onstage by the playing of an instrument, the Doyle staging presents alternative modes of expression of choreographic material. Finally, an analysis of the dramatic opportunities that open up when actors take on the orchestration, illustrates how this ‘new choreography’ impacts the form and interpretation of the piece.
Enraizamento de estacas e produção de Euryops chrysanthemoides (DC.) B. Nord. em vaso
Authors: Menegaes Janine Farias , Backes Fernanda Alice Antonello Londero , Bellé Rogério Antonio , Peres Túlio Eduardo de Seixas
Published: February 2016

The experiments were performed at the Department of Floriculture of UFSM from August 2013 to May 2014 in two experimental phases. The first experiment aimed to verify rooting Euryops chrysanthemoides in different concentrations of IBA, in a randomized block design, evaluated the number and length of roots. In the second experiment the different plant densities of E. chrysanthemoides pot (1, 2, 3 or 4 plants) in a completely randomized design and analyzed for the number of branches, number of buttons, number of open flowers and drought were evaluated, the average height of the branches, the middle notes of floral stems and closing the height of the vase. Observed a greater number and length of roots in 1.000 mg L-1 IBA. The density of four plants per pot is recommended to number 15.
An investigation of occupational accidents and safety risks in policing: Views of employees
Authors: Gözübenli Murat , Harmancı Fatih Mehmet
Published: February 2016

Policing is one of the riskiest and dangerous professions by its nature. Police officers face a range of risks at work: homicide, assaults, attacks, communicable diseases, car crashes or explosions. The risks vary according to the task being undertaken such as arresting offenders, attending street disturbances or performing traffic duties. These risks, having the characteristics of occupational accident in a way, have institutional losses like compensation, loss of manpower and reputation besides individual results like injury, death, mutilation, and posttraumatic stress disorder, exposure to psychological disorders or decrease in quality of life. Opinions and suggestions of 1066 employees currently working at different ranks and units in Turkish National Police in regards with reducing the risks of occupational accidents and safety risks were studied in this research. Suggestions of the participants were reviewed under total nine headings (themes) consisting of training, physical fitness and health, security measures, institutional policies and procedures, managerial policies, working conditions, equipment, uniforms, and patrol cars.
Effect of the rights of intellectual property on the export revenues
Fikri mülkiyet haklarının ihracat gelirleri üzerindeki etkisi
Authors: Durmuşkaya Sedat , Ersoy Ahmet Yağmur
Published: February 2016

Therise of export revenues in Turkey in the recent years, have been possible to come up with factors that effecting export at the same time and in a positive way. In addition to many studies that aimed which factors effect therise of export revenues and its direction, in this study, exportand the rights of intellectual property, in particular the causality relation of the rights of industrial property were investigated. Some of the industrial property rights of Industrial Design, Utility Model, Trade Mark and Patent aplicant numbers are used as a data set in the analysis in order to investigate this effect quantitatively. Toda-Yamamoto casuality process that particularly gives successful results in the small sample sets is used to reveal the existence of the relationship that mentioned. According to results by obtaining from analysis, while a causal relation was determined from industrial designs and aplicant number of utility models to export, bidirectional causality relation was identified between trademark applications and patent applications and export. This results reveal the importance of protection of intellectual property rights in a beterway to ensure more export growth. Özet Türkiye ihracat gelirlerinde son dönemlerde yaşanan artış, ihracata etki eden faktörlerin aynı anda ve olumlu bir şekilde bir araya gelmesi ile mümkün olmuştur. İhracat gelirlerinin artışına etki eden faktörlerin neler olduğuna ve ne yönde etkilediğine yönelik yapılan birçok çalışmaya ek olarak bu çalışmada, ihracat ve fikri mülkiyet hakları, özelde ise sınai mülkiyet hakların arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisi araştırılmıştır. Bu etkinin nicel olarak araştırılabilmesi için sınai mülkiyet haklarından olan Endüstriyel Tasarım, Faydalı Model, Marka ve Patent başvuru sayıları analizlerde veri seti olarak kullanılmıştır. Bahsedilen ilişkinin varlığını ortaya koyabilmek için özellikle küçük örneklem setlerinde başarılı sonuçlar veren Toda-Yamamoto nedensellik süreci kullanılmıştır. Yapılan analizlerden elde edilen sonuçlara göre, endüstriyel tasarım ve faydalı model başvuru sayılarından ihracat’a doğru bir nedensellik ilişkisi saptanırken, marka başvuruları ve patent başvuruları ile ihracat arasında çift yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi saptanmıştır. Bu sonuçlar daha çok ihracat artışı sağlamak için fikri mülkiyet haklarının daha iyi bir şekilde korunması gerektiğinin önemini ortaya koymaktadır.
Avobenzone encapsulated in modified dextrin for improved UV protection and reduced skin penetration
Authors: Li Chia-Ching , Lin Li-Huei , Lee Hsun-Tsing , Tsai Jing-Ru
Published: February 2016

The present study used differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and UV spectrometry to examine: i) the encapsulation of an organic UV filter 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)propane-1,3-dione (avobenzone) within modified dextrin and ii) the characteristics of these inclusion complexes (MDA). The properties of avobenzone emulsions with and without encapsulation in modified dextrin, the in vitro UV protection factor, dissolution and release, and the skin penetrability of avobenzone were also examined. The presence of inclusion complexes significantly decreased the tendency of the UV filter to penetrate the skin. In addition, such inclusion complexes should effectively prevent skin damage from radiation extending from the UVA to the UVC.
Preparation and catalytic performance of quaternary ammonium base resin for methanolysis of natural phosphatidylcholine
Authors: Li Hong-Ya , Zhang Xiao-Li , Yan Biao , Zhao Bin-Xia , Gao Jing
Published: February 2016

Received 1 August 2015; Revised 23 November 2015; Accepted 26 November 2015

The most acceptable method for preparing glycerophosphocholine is to hydrolyse the natural phosphatidylcholine and use the quaternary ammonium base resin, as a promising heterogeneous catalyst can simplify the craft and minimise the problems existing in the homogeneous catalytic process. However, most of the resins reported in the literature are commercial trimethyl benzyl ammonium base resins and the application of other longer carbon-chain quaternary ammonium resins has not been reported. In the present work, a series of quaternary ammonium base resins were prepared from chloromethyl polystyrene microspheres and different tertiary amines and were used to prepare glycerophosphocholine from natural phosphatidylcholine. The factors affecting the exchange capacity and activity of the resin were investigated. The results showed that the resin possessed a better activity and stability under the following conditions: 1,4-dioxane as solvent, triethylamine as amination agent, reaction temperature of 60°C and amination time of 3 h; it was then used in the methanolysis of phosphatidylcholine by ultrasound-assisted reaction at ambient temperature, with the conversion of phosphatidylcholine attaining 97 % after 4 h. The catalyst was easy to separate from the reaction mixture and could also be readily available for repeat use; the activity and stability were largely consistent after six repeat uses.
Giant Magnetoelectric Effect in PZT Thin Film Deposited on Nickel
Authors: Gupta Reema , Tomar Monika , Gupta Vinay , Zhou Yuan , Chopra Anuj , Priya Shashank , Bhalla A. S. , Guo R.
Published: February 2016

The magnetoelectric (ME) effect has been investigated in lead zirconate titanate (PZT) thin film deposited on nickel foil using chemical solution deposition (CSD) technique. The synthesized PZT thin films are found to possess perovskite structure without presence of any intermediate layer. PZT thin film deposited on nickel foil exhibits a good ferroelectric property with a high remnant polarization of about 86 µC/cm2.The ferroelectric loop has been modeled using domain wall theory to verify the behavior of the ferroelectric domains. It is observed that deposition conditions, specially annealing temperature, play a crucial role in enhancing the magnetoelectric effect. A high ME coefficient of 220 mVcm–1Oe–1 at a bias magnetic field of 50 Oe has been obtained due to enhanced magnetoelectric coupling between PZT film and nickel foil.
Temperamental basis of sense of humor: validating the state-trait-cheerfulness-inventory in Mainland China
Authors: Chen Guo-Hai , Ruch Willibald , Li Yan-Na
Published: February 2016

This paper examined the reliability and validity of the State-Trait-Cheerfulness-Inventory (STCI) in Mainland China. The Chinese translation of the STCI-T<106i>, STCI-S<45i> and the Temporal Satisfaction with Life Scale (TSWLS) were administered to 476 university students (313 females, 157 males, 6 missing; 20.40 ± 1.35 years of age). Results showed that the STCI-T<106> and the STCI-S<45> had high Cronbach alphas ranging from 0.60 to 0.92 in Mainland China, and the factorial structures of the instruments were supported. The STCI-T<60> and STCI-S<30> were developed utilizing three criteria for the selection of items. Cronbach alphas were satisfactory ranging from 0.67 to 0.94. The factor structure of the items appeared to be highly generalizable in Mainland China. Joint factor analyses of the state and trait items yielded three factors (cheerfulness, seriousness and bad mood) both as traits and states with the homologous concepts positively correlated. As expected, cheerfulness correlated negatively with bad mood, and cheerfulness correlated negatively with state seriousness. Meanwhile, seriousness correlated positively with bad mood. Moreover, life satisfaction was related positively with cheerfulness and negatively with bad mood, and could be predicted by high cheerfulness and low bad mood. Applications of the STCI-T<60> and STCI-S<30> in the Chinese context and future research are discussed.