bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Operational Risk framework and Standardised Measurement Approach (SMA)
Authors:   Avantage Reply, Fabris Paolo , Leoni Alessandro ,   Avantage Reply, Marfella Ilaria ,   Avantage Reply
Published: December 2023

On December 2017, the Basel Committee published the “Basel III: Finalising post-crisis reforms” (also known as Basel IV) that introduces the Standardised Measurement Approach (SMA) to define the Pillar I operational risk capital requirement that is foreseen to entry into force on the 1st of January 2025, replacing all the existing approaches. This approach not only introduces a new method to be used to calculate the operational risk capital requirement but details several updates that have to be applied to the main components of the framework such as Governance, Loss Data Collection and Risk Self-Assessment. With the entry into force of the SMA, banks have the chance to fully re-think their operational risk Management Framework (ORMF) integrating the different components and making it more efficient and effective in terms of data governance, process management and reporting. This paper describes the SMA methodology to be implemented to calculate the Pillar I operational risk capital requirement and provides an overview of the expected impact on the different components of the ORMF of the banks.
The link between MiFID and Risk Appetite Framework as an application of best practices for wealth management and the entire value chain of the financial industry
Authors:   Studio Tridente-Macchia, Macchia Gianluca , De Angelis Emanuele ,   Banca Generali, Vitagliano Michele ,   University of Bari, Italy
Published: December 2023

After a short review of the MiFID regulations and the RAF, the paper identifies the link between them which allows to mitigate a balance sheet risk sustained by the financial intermediary and, at the same time, to improve its stability and value creation, through a maximization of customer loyalty. The client’s attitude towards risk can be summarized in these terms: "I don't like risk, but I like to win". Thus, a three-dimensional approach towards expected utility is suggested for estimating risk tolerance: risk aversion, loss aversion and reflection. In addition, a definition of the client's financial objectives is required, combined with greater disclosure - which allows the construction of a financial statement – to attest that risk-taking is indeed a luxury, as indicated by the metrics of the discretionary wealth ratio, and therefore, of the Standard of Living Risk (SLR). The next step consists in the determination of a set of portfolios along the efficient frontier where risk is represented by the expected shortfall, the determination of which belongs to a Generalized Extreme Value Theory logic. The client's objectives are described in terms of probability of success, where the latter is a function of an initial endowment, a potential positive contribution of financial resources over time as well as an expected return level. The above is expressed through a practical case that envisages the determination of a set of EGPF portfolios and the identification of the specific portfolio, obtained as a solution to a static and dynamic optimization problem, where the objectives have been formalized through the calculation of the associated utility
PENYULUHAN PEMANFAATAN OBAT TRADISONAL UNTUK DEMAM, BATUK, PILEK PADA ANAK DI WILAYAH BINTARA BEKASI BARAT
Authors: Elfiyani Rahmah , Srifian Yudi
Published: December 2023

There was a withdrawal of syrup medicinal products used as fever, cough, and cold medicines due to the discovery of impurities that exceeded the safe threshold. People finally switched to using traditional medicine to treat fever,coughs, and colds in children. The aim of the activity is to provide information about medicinal plants that can be used to treat fever, coughs and colds in children as well as how to make traditional medicines in the form of herbal medicine. This service activity begins with searching for literature and outreach targets, preparation materials, implementation of outreach, and evaluation. There was an increase in the post-test, namely 64% of participants had good knowledge and 36% of participants had very good knowledge. Providing information in the context of socializing the use of traditional medicine can increase knowledge of participants, mothers who have children under five in the PKK RW 14 Bintara area.
GAMBARAN INTENSITAS PENGGUNAAN MEDIA SOSIAL PADA LANSIA
Authors: Anjely Selly , Aziz Ari Rahmat , Lestari Widia
Published: December 2023

Peningkatan jumlah pendudukan usia lanjut memerlukan perhatian agar mereka dapat menikmati kehidupan yang sejahtera di masa tua. Penggunaan sosial media dapat memberikan dampak positif pada lansia dalam berkomunikasi dan memberikan dukungan sosial pada lansia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan intensitas penggunaan media sosial pada lansia. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif kuantitatif di Kelurahan Labuh Baru Timur (Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Payung Sekaki) Kota Pekanbaru pada bulan Juli 2023. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 100 responden yang dipilih melalui teknik accidental sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas responden lansia berada dalam rentang usia 60-69 tahun (92%), dengan mayoritas berjenis kelamin perempuan (56%). Media sosial yang paling sering digunakan oleh lansia adalah WhatsApp (76%), diikuti oleh Youtube (54%). Dari segi aspek penggunaan media sosial, mayoritas lansia menunjukkan perhatian rendah terhadap penggunaan sosial media (61%), penghayatan rendah terhadap penggunaan sosial media (74%), durasi penggunaan sosial media yang rendah (55%), dan frekuensi penggunaan sosial media yang rendah (71%). Secara keseluruhan, intensitas penggunaan media sosial pada lansia cenderung rendah (52%). Diharapkan para lansia dapat lebih bijaksana dalam menggunakan dan memanfaatkan media sosial dengan mengatur waktu penggunaannya, sehingga dapat menghindari risiko terkait masalah kesehatan. Abstract The increasing number of elderly people requires attention so they can enjoy a prosperous life in their later years. The use of social media can have a positive impact on the elderly in terms of communication and providing social support. This study aims to describe the intensity of social media usage among the elderly. It employs a quantitative descriptive design in Labuh Baru Timur (Work Area of Puskesmas Payung Sekaki), Pekanbaru City, in July 2023. The sample consists of 100 respondents selected through accidental sampling. Data collection was conducted using a questionnaire, and data analysis was performed using descriptive analysis methods. The results show that the majority of elderly respondents are aged 60-69 years (92%), with a majority being female (56%). The most frequently used social media among the elderly is WhatsApp (76%), followed by YouTube (54%). In terms of social media usage aspects, the majority of the elderly show low attention to social media usage (61%), low appreciation of social media usage (74%), low duration of social media usage (55%), and low frequency of social media usage (71%). Overall, the intensity of social media use among the elderly tends to be low (52%). It is hoped that the elderly can be more prudent in using and utilizing social media by managing their usage time, thereby avoiding health-related risks.
Hemorheology in thyroid abnormalities: old team player, new insights
Authors: CAGLAR Sena Ebru , TANOĞLU Alpaslan
Published: December 2023

Thyroid dysfunctions significantly impact various physiological processes, extending their influence on hemorheological properties and microcirculation. This comprehensive review explores the intricate relationship between thyroid disorders and hemorheology, emphasizing the substantial effects on blood flow dynamics and tissue perfusion. Examining the alterations in blood viscosity, erythrocyte behavior, and microvascular circulation in both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism reveals crucial insights into the pathophysiology of these conditions. Furthermore, elucidating the hemorheological changes associated with thyroid dysfunctions offers potential avenues for improved clinical management strategies. This review synthesizes current research findings, highlighting the importance of considering hemorheological aspects in understanding the complexities of thyroid-related complications and advancing patient care paradigms.
Nilai Aksiologis Pernikahan Jilu Pada Masyarakat Jawa
Authors: Permadi Danur Putut , Yantari Hanif Fitri
Published: December 2023

Abstrak
Penelitian ini membahas tentang nilai di balik mitos yang direpresentasikan oleh masyarakat Dusun Tempursari sebagai mitos pernikahan Jilu. Masyarakat Jawa dikenal dengan penduduknya yang menjaga tradisi leluhur, pernikahan adalah salah satunya. Penelitian ini menjabarkan dua hal pokok, yaitu gambaran umum mengenai mitos pernikahan Jilu di Dusun Tempursari dan bagaimana etika Jawa dalam memandang fenomena ini. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan studi lapangan. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah tokoh masyarakat dan pasangan Jilu, sedangkan sumber data sekunder diperoleh dari literatur lain, seperti buku, jurnal, serta artikel yang sesuai dengan tema penelitian. Setelah itu dianalisis menggunakan teori Etika Jawa Franz Magnis Suseno. Berdasarkan dari hasil analisis didapati bahwa masyarakat Dusun Tempursari dalam kesehariannya masih tetap menghindari mitos pernikahan Jilu. Selain itu masyarakat yang menghindari larangan dikarenakan mematuhi perintah orang tua dan tidak ingin merusak kedamaian masyarakat setempat. Hal ini selaras dengan pendapat Franz Magnis bahwa prinsip kerukunan memainkan peran penting dalam kehidupan orang Jawa. Melalui prinsip kerukunan ini Suseno membagi orang menjadi manusia bodoh dan manusia bijaksana. Fenomena ini menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat Dusun Tempursari adalah manusia bijaksana karena memilih menjalankan mitos Jilu untuk menjaga keselarasan sosial dan mencegah terjadinya konflik-konflik sosial yang mungkin saja bisa terjadi.
Abstract
This study discusses the value behind the myth of Jilu's wedding. Javanese people are known for their inhabitants who uphold the traditions of their ancestors, marriage is one of them. This research describes two main things, namely a general description of the myths of Jilu's wedding and how Javanese ethics in viewing this phenomenon. This research is a qualitative research. After that it was analyzed using Javanese ethical theory Franz Magnis Suseno. Based on the results of the analysis, it was found that the people of Tempursari village in their daily lives still avoid the myths of Jilu's wedding. In addition, people who avoid the prohibition are due to complying with parents' orders and don’t want to damage the peace of the local community. This is in line with Franz Magnis's opinion that the principle of harmony plays an important role in the lives of Javanese people. Through this principle of harmony, Suseno divides people into stupid and wise humans. This phenomenon shows that the people of Tempursari village are wise humans because they choose to carry out the myths of the Jilu to maintain social harmony and prevent social conflicts that might occur.
Interreligious Environmentalism: The Way Ahmadiyya Group Engages to Interfaith Dialogue
Authors: Khalil Muflih Miftha
Published: December 2023

There have been many studies on Ahmadiyya and their involvement in inter/intra-religious dialogue. However, some of these studies only look at how the dialogue takes shape or tends to be formal. Ahmadiyya, which is a vulnerable religious group, certainly needs a new model of dialogue or encounter. This article assumes that "mutual collaboration in public issues" can be an encounter space for interfaith dialogue for religious groups, especially for minorities. From this, this research aims to see the strategy of the Ahmadiyya community in Yogyakarta to be able to engage with society and also see the inter/intra-religious dialogue model used by the Ahmadiyya community in Yogyakarta. To answer these questions, this research uses qualitative research methods. Furthermore, this research takes data through the interview process and literature obtained from Ahmadiyya online media and then analyzed using descriptive and interpretive analysis techniques. This study found that the Ahmadiyya community uses environmental issues to have dialogue with other religious communities and become a space for encounter and acceptance in society.
Edukasi Metode Dagusibu Dalam Pengelolaan Obat Swamedikasi Pada Kelompok Ibu Rumah Tangga
Authors: Sri Wahyuni Yenni , Rendowaty Agnes , Patmayuni Dewi , Azizah Masayu , Pranata Lilik
Published: December 2023

Pengetahuan mendasar yang harus dimiliki setiap orang adalah cara memperoleh, memanfaatkan, menyimpan, dan menyiapkan obat (DaGuSiBu). Saat ini, masyarakat umum semakin banyak melakukan self-swamedikasi. Penggunaan obat tanpa diagnosis, nasehat dokter, penelitian, persetujuan pasien, atau konsultasi dengan penyedia layanan kesehatan disebut swamedikasi. Peresepan obat harus didasarkan pada pengetahuan tentang manfaat, dosis, dan potensi efek samping obat. Tujuan kegiatan ini untuk memberikan informasi kepada kepada Ibu rumah tangga tentang metode Dagusibu dalam pengelolaan obat Swamedikasi. Pelaksanaan Kegiatan dilakukan pada ibu rumah tangga pada tanggal 9 Desember 2023. Pukul 15.00 WIB-sds. Kegiatan ini diikuti 12 ibu rumah tangga, metode edukasi dengan ceramah dan pembagian leflet. Kegiatan berlangsung secara lancar hasil menunjukan bahwa ibu rumah tangga memahami dari penjelasan Tim Pengabdian masyarakat tentang metode Dagusibu dalam pengelolaan obat Swamedikasi.
MIGRANT LABOUR AND THEIR PROBLEMS: A STUDY WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO UNITED STATES
Authors:   CMR University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India, Surendran Seema , B.K Rashmi
Published: December 2023

This book critically examines the intricate dynamics of migrant labour in the United States, with a specific focus on the experiences of Indian migrants. It navigates through the historical pathways that have shaped U.S. immigration, scrutinizes the current challenges faced by Indian migrants, and provides a comprehensive analysis of the policies influencing their lives. Emphasizing the socio-economic and cultural contributions of Indian migrants, the study also evaluates the supportive role of the Indian Embassy in addressing diasporic concerns. The investigation is underpinned by a qualitative research methodology, utilizing case studies and empirical data to offer insights into the complexities of assimilation, identity, and labour issues within the migrant community. With policy recommendations aimed at improving the migrant experience, the book contributes to the discourse on labor, migration, and global interconnectedness in an era of complex transnational movements. Keywords: Migrant Labor, Immigration Policy, Indian Diaspora, United States, Assimilation Challenges, Transnational Movement
Screening and Titration of Anti-A and Anti-B Haemolysins in Blood Donors: An Essential Test for Transfusion Immunosafety of Packed Red Blood Cells
Authors: Kouabla Liliane Siransy Amah Patricia Victorine Goran-Kouacou , Honoré Adou Adjoumanvoulé
Published: December 2023

The study aimed to examine the presence of anti-A and anti-B haemolysins in the serum of blood donors. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional survey was conducted at the National Blood Transfusion Centre (CNTS) in Abidjan-Treichville, involving 1350 voluntary blood donors aged 18 to 65, belonging to blood groups A, B, and O. The immuno-haematology unit of the CNTS laboratory performed all biological analyses. Data collection forms from the CNTS Côte d’Ivoire computer system were used to collect socio-demographic data and haemolysin test results. Haemolysins were detected using a manual technique of direct haemagglutination of serum with A1 and B test red blood cells treated with papain, with titration performed through dilution series. Statistical analysis employed the Chi-square and Fisher tests at a 5% significance level. Results: Male donors constituted 86.3%, with a mean age of 31.8 ± 5.2 years, primarily in the 25-34 age group. The prevalence of haemolysins was 20.2%, with higher frequencies observed in males (73.3%, p=0.005), blood group O ((82.7%, p=0.000), and the 25-44 age group (49.8%, p<0.0001). Anti-B IgG was the most common haemolysin type (49.1%, p=0.0000). Anti-A IgG levels were notably higher in group O compared to group B (p=0.001) and in males compared to females (p=0.012), while anti-B IgG levels were higher in group O compared to group A (p<0.0001). Titration analysis indicated a prevalence of titration 2, with no high titres (≥ 64) detected. Conclusion: The study underscores that blood group O donors exhibited a higher likelihood of haemolysins. Despite generally low haemolysin titres, caution is advised during transfusions involving blood with these irregular antibodies due to their potential to cause severe complications in the recipient.
Impact of COVID-19 and Corresponding Risk Factors on Gender-Based Violence in Bangladesh
Authors: Sadik Nasif , Faruk Dr. Md. Omar
Published: December 2023

The global scene was drastically changed by the COVID-19 outbreak, causing enormous upheaval in our social, cultural, political, economic and other arenas. Despite their prevalence, pandemics have historically failed to alleviate the plight of gender-based violence. The primary goal of this research was to investigate how the COVID-19 influenced the prevalence of gender-based violence in Bangladesh. Ultimately, the underlying causes and potential hazards contributing to violent behavior were determined. The research utilized a methodology of qualitative content analysis. The COVID-19 outbreak has exacerbated the preexisting problem of gender-based violence in Bangladesh. The study examined various reasons and factors contributing to the issue. These included limitations on mobility, a rise in unemployment rates, decreased social interaction and community networks, financial dependence of women on men, low income and concerns about the future, a shift in priorities towards the medical sector, an increase in domestic workload for women, reduced legal and mental support for women, child marriage, and excessive use of the internet and social media, either through direct or indirect means.
The use of AI algorithms in architecture, engineering and construction: A tool for crisis prevention? The uncertainty perspective
Authors: Mrksic Kovacevic Sanja , Bouder Frederic
Published: December 2023

Within the Architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) sector we see movements toward greater use of industrial robots, machine learning, algorithms, and other artificial intelligence (AI) tools. Yet, the AEC industry, despite being one of the largest fields on a global scale, is known for being the slowest to digitalize and innovate. Factors such as unrecognizing the value of digitalization by the decision-makers and making safety-related decisions under high levels of uncertainty, appear to be critical in preventing successful large-scale digitalization. This situation raises multiple questions from a risk science perspective. How, among other things, might the expansion of AI and more specifically AI algorithms usage in the AEC field affect uncertainties, and could AI be considered a tool for preventing crises? To obtain responses to these questions, we conducted 21 semi-structured, in-depth interviews with AEC employees who are currently using AI and AI algorithms or will soon be doing so in their everyday work. Our findings show potential for wider use within the AEC field, subject to overcoming knowledge gaps. Moreover, although having the potential to reduce some uncertainties, the increased use of AI and AI algorithms appears to be introducing an entirely new set of uncertainties. As a result, although AI may effectively prevent certain crises and be regarded as crisis prevention tool, its inadequate implementation could potentially create new risks.
A comparative impact chain analysis of 1999 Kocaeli and 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquakes
Authors: Goksu Caglar , Kundak Seda , Arslanlı Kerem Yavuz , Aşıcı Ahmet Atıl , Kalkanlı Duygu , Yılmaz Ali
Published: December 2023

Resilience in the face of crises is crucial for minimizing the impact of disasters and enabling rapid recovery. This study delves into the interlinked consequences of two seismic events that significantly impacted Türkiye in 1999 and 2023. Using an impact chain analysis, the aim is to provide a thorough understanding of the extensive effects on structures, infrastructure, and socio-economic dynamics. The research also examines the evolution of disaster management practices from the 1999 Kocaeli Earthquake to the more recent seismic events in 2023, highlighting advancements in risk management and resilience. Structurally, both seismic events revealed vulnerabilities in building design, emphasizing seismic shortcomings that led to widespread damage. Earthquakes exert a profound impact on critical infrastructure, affecting transportation, communication, and energy systems, with cascading effects that extend to the broader socio-economic landscape. The effectiveness of the methodology, particularly, the Impact Chain analysis, is emphasized as it reveals complex causal relationships. Visual representations support effective communication and collaboration among stakeholders, offering a holistic perspective on systemic risks. In conclusion, this study contributes to understanding disaster resilience and provides a foundation for subsequent research, policy formulation, and pragmatic strategies for disaster preparedness and response.
Reinterpreting “Sustainability” and “Resilience” in the post-pandemic urban planning paradigm
Authors: Yaman Galantini Zeynep Deniz
Published: December 2023

In the past three years, there has been no crisis more "unexpected" than the COVID-19 epidemic, which was deemed as pandemic by WHO on March 11, 2020. Indeed, urban planning must play a significant role in resolving the pandemic dilemma. So, given that pandemics are natural disasters and environmental factors are their primary cause, how is it possible we are still experiencing this outbreak even though “resilience” and “sustainability” principles are ingrained in urban planning paradigms? Accordingly, it is essential to grasp how to incorporate “sustainability” and “resilience” ideas into urban planning processes and to develop the institutional capability to manage and monitor these procedures. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to clarify how sustainability and resilience principles might help to define the essential elements of the "post-pandemic" urban planning paradigm through conceptual analysis and a thorough assessment as the methodology. The first section discusses the necessity of the two most relevant concepts of urban planning paradigms; “sustainability” and “resilience” to tackle with pandemics, followed by the discussion of the “pandemic city” and “post-pandemic city” concepts. Finally, the last chapter explores how the attributes of resilience and sustainability can contribute to “post-pandemic urban planning” paradigm.
Crisis and resilience in psychology
Authors: Narter Meltem
Published: December 2023

Crises that occur after natural disasters are real and serious issues that can cause serious depression. A crisis is a situation in which a smooth process suddenly turns into a depression with negative, dangerous consequences.  Since our country is in an earthquake-prone region and has experienced earthquakes with great losses, it has a very traumatic history. The concept of crisis, which spreads over a wide area, is a phenomenon that needs to be talked about by drawing boundaries. Natural disasters cause crises, and crises cause trauma. Resilience is the most effective way to deal with natural disasters and the traumas that follow. Resilience can be considered as the ability to adapt to the adverse conditions caused by external factors causing the crisis for disaster management. Psychological resilience is defined as the ability to cope with the negative consequences that may follow a natural disaster and adaptation to a negative situation.  The phenomenon of resilience is important for both the individual and the society in societies where major natural disasters such as earthquakes are experienced. This definition of psychological resilience points to an approach that leaves the individual on his/her own in the face of disaster, crisis, and trauma by placing a great responsibility on the individual. However, individuals who have been exposed to natural disasters should not be left on their own and all opportunities should be mobilised to help them. Passive exposure to the wounds caused by natural disasters decays both the individual and the society. Instead, engaging in emotional, mental, social, and artistic investments and taking part in new and multiple fields will benefit the individual and the society in order to tackle the wounds.
Determination of High Risks and Elimination of Possible Risks in the Winding Section of an Energy Company Using the Fine-Kinney Method
Authors: TÜMAY ATEŞ Kübra
Published: December 2023

In our country, risk assessment and risk analysis have been made mandatory in the workplaces by the relevant regulations of the Law No. 6331. However, despite this, potential hazards cannot be avoided both in industry and workplaces. Predicting what kind of dangers employers and employees may be exposed to in industrial companies is one of the important difficulties encountered. For this reason, it is one of the most important procedures to make a correct risk assessment and to identify, prevent and control Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) risks. One of the many techniques used for OHS risk assessment is the Fine-Kinney model. Most Fine-Kinney-based risk assessment approaches can take into account the relative importance of risk parameters. An improved Fine-Kinney occupational risk assessment approach is proposed in the study. In order to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach, risk values and risk avoidance values have been systematically calculated in all parts of a power plant. A case study was conducted on the bobbin winding unit (Coiling), hazards were identified and measures were presented to eliminate and/or minimize the risk according to the results of the risk analysis.
Air Pollution Assessment in Turhal District: Temporal Analysis of Pollutants
Authors: DURGUN Yeliz
Published: December 2023

Since the last century, the rapidly increasing global population, along with industrialization and urbanization, has increased the type and amount of pollutants in the atmosphere. Particularly, the dependency on fossil fuels for energy production, transportation, and industrial activities has become one of the main sources of air pollution. This has led to an air pollution problem that negatively affects the quality of life in urban areas. However, in this study conducted in the Turhal district of Tokat, an optimistic development has been observed in recent years. Based on the data obtained from the air quality monitoring stations located in the region, the concentrations of pollutants such as PM10, NO2, NOX, and SO2 have been thoroughly examined. The analysis results indicate a significant decreasing trend in the concentrations of these pollutants from 2020 to 2023. This positive trend can be attributed to the increasing awareness of environmental protection, technological innovations, and societal consciousness. The study demonstrates the positive impacts on regional air quality during this period.
The Effect of Data Decomposition on Prediction Performance in Wind Speed Prediction with Artificial Neural Network
Authors: ŞENKAL Serkan , EMEKSİZ Cem
Published: December 2023

This study investigates the effect of data decomposition to improve the performance of artificial neural networks (ANNs), widely used in wind speed forecasting in the wind energy sector. Artificial neural networks are essential tools for planning and optimizing the daily generation of wind power plants. However, prediction errors can lead to significant problems in power generation and energy grid management. The results show that data decomposition substantially affects the wind speed forecasting performance of neural networks. These findings are essential for researchers and industry professionals interested in developing more accurate forecasting models for power generation planning and management in the wind energy sector. By integrating artificial neural networks and data disaggregation methods, the study stands out as an essential step forward to improve the accuracy of wind speed forecasts and optimize the efficiency of wind energy facilities.
Comparison of Boriding Heat Treatment and Induction Boriding Method
Authors: İPEKOĞLU Ulaş , ÇAVDAR Uğur
Published: December 2023

Induction boriding is a metal processing technique that applies a surface accumulation process using a high-frequency electromagnetic field on metal parts. The adoption of this method in industrial applications is anticipated due to its advantages such as high efficiency, precision, and low energy consumption. Induction boriding relies on the principle of using the electromagnetic field to heat metal parts and create desired properties on the surface. During this process, the high-frequency current produced by induction coils penetrates into the metal part, causing heating due to internal resistance. This heating allows the formation of desired characteristics like surface hardness, durability, or other specific attributes. The boriding process is carried out within the range of 2-8 hours and at temperatures between 850-1000°C. In induction boriding, faster boron diffusion is expected, leading to the anticipation of reaching the desired hardness and coating thickness values in a shorter timeframe.
COVID-19 impact into the Spanish cultural & entertainment industry: Assessment of public and private management in digital economy
Authors: SÁNCHEZ-BAYÓN Antonio , ARPİ Roberto
Published: December 2023

This research evaluates the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on the Spanish cultural and entertainment industry in a context of digital economy, with the facilitation of cultural consumption and social wellbeing during the confinements. Thus, after discussing some issues related to digital economy and wellbeing economics, there is an empirical analysis based on data collected by means of a questionnaire. It is found that the consumption of culture has increased during the quarantine mainly as a means of entertainment for dealing with boredom, anxiety and stress. Audiovisual products were consumed by almost all individuals, especially in the form of movies and series. Regarding music, we find that singers or groups that performed live concerts and interacted with their fans via social networks were better positioned. Reading was also a relevant activity during the quarantine, with people preferring the paper format rather than the digital one. It is noteworthy that the most consumed cultural products from Spanish productions. In this way, the COVID-19 crisis did not necessarily generate a crisis for the cultural industry and, in fact, provided relevant opportunities for the growth and consolidation of this sector to the extent that the actors rapidly adapted to the digital transformation. Also, this digitalization of cultural organizations it helps to keep the social wellbeing with entertainment against the lonely and stressful situations.
Effect of Geopolitical Situation on Potassium Iodide Sale
Authors: Patel Vimalkumar
Published: December 2023

This whitepaper explores the intricate relationship between geopolitical dynamics and the demand for potassium iodide (KI), a critical component of public health and emergency preparedness measures. KI serves as a safeguard against the adverse effects of radioactive iodine (RAI) exposure in the event of nuclear incidents. Geopolitical factors significantly influence the availability, accessibility, and trade regulations of KI, as demonstrated through case studies like the Russia-Ukraine conflict and historical nuclear accidents. International agreements, regulatory frameworks, and trade policies are key in shaping the KI market, with growing demand stemming from the nutraceutical and laboratory reagent sectors. While solid KI is the predominant market segment, there remains a challenge in the presence of iodine alternatives. Amidst the Russia-Ukraine war, KI demand has surged, depleting supplies and resulting in price gouging. Understanding these trends and the broader geopolitical impact on KI is essential to appreciate its critical role in safeguarding public health.
Epilithic Diatom Assemblages and Indicators for the Assessment of Water Quality of Munzur Stream, Turkey
Authors: KAPLAN İmdat , YILDIRIM Vesile
Published: December 2023

The epilithic diatoms of Munzur Stream, together with the chemistry and physical variables of the water, were examined in the samples taken annually from 3 stations on the creek between October 2016 and September 2017. A total of 69 diatom taxa were identified benthic habitat. Cocconeis placentula, Cymbella affinis, Cymbella excisiformis , Didymosphenia geminata, Gomphonema olivaceum, and Hannaea arcus became diatoms at all that reached significant relative abundance. Shannon-diversity (H’), species evenness (J’), species richness (S) in each station varied between stations and months. Regarding diversity (H), values ranged from 1.54 (in December, at S3) to 2.99 (in October, at S3). Evenness ranged from 0.09 to 0.22 at station S3 in September (at S1, in September). Evenness ranged from 0.09 at site S3 in September, to 0.22 at S1, in September. All stations and species were close to 1 value. Canonical correspondence analysis indicated that three environmental variables (TN,TP, PO4-3) significantly affected the distribution of epilithic diatom. The studied part of stream was characterized by the species susceptible to nutrients such as Didymosphenia geminata, Cymbella excisiformis and Hannaea arcus which are found in the regions located in high lands having advanced ecological status. The results of the present study highlighted the importance of diatoms as a bio-indicator for health condition of a stream.
Determination of Antioxidant Activities in Raw and Boiled Extractions of Raphanus raphanistrum L. Species Naturally Growing in Edremit Gulf (Balıkesir/Turkey)
Authors: İNCİ ALADI Hatice , AŞKUN Tülin , SELVİ Selami
Published: December 2023

The plants that naturally spread in Edremit Gulf are consumed by the local people in various ways either cooked or raw. In this study, Raphanus raphanistrum species from the Brassicaceae family, which is also known to be used as food, was used. DPPH and CUPRAC antioxidant activity analyses were carried out on the extracts obtained from the aerial parts of the raw and boiled fresh plant. The total phenolic contents were determined and the phenolic compounds contained and their interactions with the boiling process were determined by HPLC method. The extracts were stored in a deep freezer at -20 °C to be used in further studies. In terms of the total amount of phenolic compounds, 12.65 µg GAE/mg extract was detected in the boiled extract of R. raphanistrum species, and it has a higher value compared to the raw extract. In the boiled extract, which has a higher value in terms of total flavonoid content than raw, was found 54 µg Rutin Equivalent /mg fresh extract. Compared to the CUPRAC method, the boiled extract showed higher (68.58 µgTE/mg extract) activity. The antioxidant activity of the boiled extract was found to be higher than the DPPH method, and the EC 50 value was measured as 1975.25 µg/mL. According to HPLC method, resveratrol, rosmarinic acid, quersetin, kaempferol and naringenin substances were determined as in the raw extract. It was determined that while naringenin was destroyed in the boiled extract, were changed the amounts of other phenolic compounds.
Evaluation of Anti-bacterial Activity Induced by Penicillium mallochii in the Hemolymph of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
Authors: GÜNER Pınar , AŞKUN Tülin , ER Aylin
Published: December 2023

Anti-microbial peptides (AMPs) exhibit anti-bacterial, anti-fungal and anti-parasite activity and are essential effectors for the immune response of insects. Insect hemolymph contains AMPs, which are one of the sources of antibiotics effective on drug-resistant microorganisms. This study was conducted to induce antimicrobial activity in hemolymph by topical application of different doses of Penicillium mallochii conidia and its metabolite to Ephestia kuehniella larvae. Tetracycline antibiotic disks (TE-10 µg, Sigma), Sulfametaxozole trimethoprim (SXT-25 µg, Sigma), PBS, sterile water, and non-induced hemolymphs of larvae were used as control groups. In total hemolymph induced with metabolite extract, 24-h application was determined to be more effective on test bacteria than 48-h application. The largest zone diameter was observed against Escherichia coli (20mm) in hemolymph collected 24 h after metabolite application. Antimicrobial activity was highly increased (24h and 48h) when larvae were induced with P. mallochii conidial suspension. The largest zone diameter was observed against Proteus vulgaris and Klebsiella pneumonia (20 and 24 mm) in hemolymph collected 24 h after conidial suspension application. When larvae were induced with fungus metabolite and conidia, the zone of inhibition was 1.5-2.5-fold larger than that of the control hemolymph, indicating a higher antimicrobial activity after application. In general, this study provides a novel contribution to the knowledge regarding enhancement of antimicrobial activity in response to fungal infections in larvae.
The Impact of Various Nitrogen Treatments on Fennel Quality Attributes
Authors: GEDİK Osman , KUŞ İlknur
Published: December 2023

The present study was conducted to determine the effects of various nitrogen doses on the quality characteristics and macro-micro nutrient elements of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill. var. dulce) in Kahramanmaras conditions. The trial was conducted in 2020. Two different sweet fennel populations, Konya and Tokat 1, and six different N doses (0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 kg ha-1) were used in the study. Apart from fixed oil content and fixed oil yield, substantial variations between the two fennel populations were found in other traits. Nitrogen dosages significantly affected every trait except the fixed oil ratio. In terms of protein content, essential oil content, and essential oil output, Tokat 1 population exhibited higher values. Oleic acid was abundant in both groups, however Tokat 1 had lower palmitic acid ratios and greater oleic acid ratios than Konya population. Also, Tokat 1 population had higher trans-anethole ratios (90.20%), and Konya population was richer in terms of other essential oil components (α-pinene, Limonene, β-phellandrene, β-ocimene, and Fenchone); Tokat 1 population contained all other nutrient elements (N, Ca, Mn, Ze, Fe, Mg, P, and K) at higher ratios except Cu. Increasing nitrogen doses caused significant increases in fixed oil and essential oil components. Fixed oil components were higher at 150 kg ha-1 N dose. The highest trans-anethole content (88.44%) was detected at a 90 kg ha-1 N dose.
Investigation of Cytotoxic, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity of Echium vulgare L. Seed
Authors: ARSLAN ATEŞŞAHİN Dilek , KADIOĞLU DALKILIÇ Lütfiye , ÖZEREN Yasemin , DALKILIÇ Semih , ÇAKMAK Kübra , ÇİÇEK Tuğrul Arslan
Published: December 2023

Echium vulgare L. is a plant belonging to the Boraginaceae family and is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases, especially known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to determine the cytotoxic activity of different concentrations of E. vulgare L. seed extracts obtained from methanol and hexane solvents on human breast cancer (MCF7) and human liver cancer (HepG2) cell lines using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The antioxidant activity of the extract obtained from methanol and hexane at the same concentrations was determined according to the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity method. Antimicrobial activity was determined by disk diffusion method and bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Bacillus megaterium and Candida albicans microorganisms as fungi were used for the study. The highest antibacterial activity was detected against Escherichia coli (E. coli) with a zone diameter of 16±4 mm. Seed extract of E. vulgare prepared with hexane showed the most effective cytotoxic activity on HepG2 cell line with 20% cytotoxicity rate. In antioxidant activity tests, the methanol extract of E. vulgare exhibited the highest activity with 4.5% reduction. In conclusion, seed extracts of E. vulgare appear to be a potential source for both anticancer and antimicrobial therapies.
Potential Anti-Cancer Effects of Extra Virgin Olive Oil and Its Phenolic Extracts on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells
Authors: KAHRAMAN Gül , ÖZKAYA Mücahit Taha , YILDIRIM Özlem
Published: December 2023

In this study, three types of Extra Virgin olive oils (EVOO) grown in different regions of Türkiye (Kilis Yaglik, Ayvalik, Izmir Sofralik) and their phenolic extracts (EVOOP) were evaluated for their anti-cancer activity in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells (Hep40) and a complete profiling of the fatty acid, sterol and polyphenol content of these olive oils was performed by HPLC and GC method. It was shown that genetic diversity and differences in growing conditions of the olive oils studied significantly modified the phenolic composition. The biophenol content was found as 655.4 mg/kg, 508.75 mg/kg and 197.86 mg/kg in Kilis Yaglik, Izmir Sofralik and Ayvalık respectively. The highest content of oleocanthal was found in İzmir Sofralik EVOO (142.00 mg/kg) and its anti-proliferative effect was found to be high. The highest amount of hydroxytyrosol was found in Kilis Yaglik (42.14 mg/kg) and the highest amount of tyrosol was found in Izmir Sofralik (43.86 mg/kg). It was shown that there was a significant difference in the responses of polyphenols in Hep40 cells. The direct use of olive oil in Hep40 cells and the comparison with EVOOPs were evaluated for the first time in this study. The evaluation of the anti-cancer effect of EVOOs and EVOOPs was tested by MTT and the IC50 value of Ayvalik EVOO was found to be the lowest at %12.84. In EVOOPs, Izmir Sofralik was the most effective in Hep40 cells with an IC50 value of 35.40 µg/mL.
Implementación artesanal del sistema VAC en pacientes con Gangrena de Fournier: serie de casos
Authors: Lopez Ovando Nicol , Ferrufino Iriarte Javier
Published: December 2023

La fascitis necrosante es una infección de los tejidos blandos profundos que provoca la destrucción progresiva de la fascia muscular y subcutánea. Una de sus presentaciones es la Gangrena de Fournier (GF) para el cual el diagnóstico debe de ser preciso y asociado a desbridamiento quirúrgico precoz y antibioticoterapia de amplio espectro. Si existe retraso del manejo, la repercusión en el pronóstico es negativa. Entre las opciones actuales para el tratamiento destaca una técnica para mejorar la limpieza y granulación del área cruenta mediante el uso del dispositivo tecnológico y el sistema de cierre asistido por vacío (VAC).

Describimos el manejo y la técnica de la terapia VAC implementado artesanalmente en una serie de casos de pacientes masculinos con diagnóstico de GF, en respuesta a los escasos recursos económicos de los pacientes que generalmente son afectados en nuestro medio; proponiendo una opción más económica, segura y replicable para nuestro entorno
Situación epidemiológica por Covid-19 en Bolivia ante el fin de la emergencia sanitaria internacional.
Authors: Mamani Ortiz Yercin , Luizaga López Jenny Marcela , Illanes Velarde Daniel Elving
Published: December 2023

Introducción: En mayo 2023, la OMS levanta la declaratoria de emergencia sanitaria internacional por Covid-19, pero Bolivia continúa manteniendo la declaratoria de emergencia sanitaria nacional.

Objetivo: Describir la situación epidemiológica por Covid-19 en Bolivia en comparación a los países sudamericanos.

Metodología: Estudio observacional de tipo ecológico; con datos agregados a nivel departamental y nacional, provenientes de los reportes del Ministerio de Salud de Bolivia y la OMS. Se reportan frecuencias absolutas, porcentajes y tasas de incidencia, mortalidad, letalidad y las coberturas de vacunación, desagregadas por países, departamentos.

Resultados: A nivel sudamericano, Bolivia ocupa el 6to lugar en el número de casos confirmados (n=1,198,404); 7mo en número de fallecidos (n=22,383), 5to en letalidad (1,9%), y penúltimo en cobertura de vacunación (52,08%).

En Bolivia; se observa una tendencia decreciente de casos entre la primera (n=144,592) y 6ta ola (n=88,859); Santa Cruz reportó más casos (n=4037.908) y Pando el más bajo (n=15,081). La tasa de incidencia fue más alta en Tarija y más baja en Potosí. La tasa de Letalidad fue mayor en la primera ola (6,20%) y más baja en la sexta ola (0,20%). La cobertura de vacunación con al menos una dosis fue mayor en Tarija (75,10%), y la más bajas en Beni (57,10%).

Conclusión: Bolivia presenta un descenso significativo en el número total de casos nuevos reportados, con disminución de la tasa de mortalidad y letalidad; sin embargo, las coberturas de vacunación en esquema completo y dosis de refuerzo siguen siendo una de las más bajas a nivel sudamericano.
Concentrações de própolis no potencial fisiológico de sementes Pterogyne nitens Tul.
Authors: Santos Késsia , Santos Elda , Malta Aline , Silva Keven , Ramos Marcus , Soares Larice
Published: December 2023

A Pterogyne nitens Tul é conhecida popularmente como amendoim-bravo, consiste em uma espécie florestal nativa da Mata Atlântica de grande potencial ornamental, ecológico e econômico. Esse trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar o efeito das concentrações de extrato alcoólico da própolis verde no potencial fisiológico de sementes de P. nitens.  O experimento foi conduzido no Laboratório de Fitotecnia pertencente ao Campus de Engenharias de Ciências Agrárias, da Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Rio Largo, AL.  O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado (DIC), com quatro repetições de 25 sementes por tratamento. Foram testados cinco tratamentos nas doses de extrato alcoólico de própolis verde (11% extrato seco) de 0 mL (testemunha), 2, 4, 8, 16 mL por litro de água destilada, o material foi acondicionado em câmara de germinação tipo Biochemical Oxigen Demand (B.O.D.) regulada na temperatura constante de 30ºC. As variáveis germinação, primeira contagem de germinação, comprimento e massa seca de plântulas, foram influenciadas negativamente pelo aumento das concentrações de extrato de própolis. Concentrações de extrato alcoólico de própolis interferem negativamente no potencial fisiológico de sementes de P. nitens, não sendo recomendadas para o tratamento de sementes desta espécie.
Review on Formulation and Evaluation of Polyherbal Nutraceutical Powder
Authors: Vishal Singh R Thakur  , Miss. Nikita E Bajad  , Prof. Dr. Swati P. Deshmukh  , Abhishek Gawande  , Govind Nirgunkar
Published: December 2023

Nutraceuticals are essential food constituents that have nutritional value with additional health benefits. Nutraceutical is a term derived from nutrition andpharmaceutics. These are the products that areisolated from herbal products, dietary supplements (nutrients), specific diets, and processed foods such as cereals, soups, and beverages which are also useful in thetreatment and prevention of many diseases .
Nutraceuticals may be used to improve health, delay the aging process, prevent chronic diseases, increase life expectancy, and regulate the functions of the human body . Nutraceutical powder are the preparation that come as powdered herbal materials meant for direct use or by incorporation into foods, beverages for drinking, insufflations and wounds . They may be finely sifted herbal materials from various parts of plants meant for a particular therapeutic effect