bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metronomic Chemotherapy for Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Krajnak Slavomir , Battista Marco J. , Hasenburg Annette , Schmidt Marcus
Published: November 2021

Background: As disease control and quality of life play a leading role in metastatic breast cancer (MBC), metronomic chemotherapy (MCT) is gaining popularity alongside conventional chemotherapy (CCT) and targeted therapies. Summary: MCT, defined as continuous administration of low-dose chemotherapeutic agents, is accepted as a therapy that exerts its effects via immunomodulation, anti-angiogenesis and direct cytotoxic effects. Oral administration of MCT is safe, easy to handle, and allows for flexible drug dosing. Dose accumulations associated with non-tolerable side effects are rare, so the medication can be administered for longer periods of time. Patients with hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative metastatic disease resistant to endocrine-based therapy and not requiring rapid tumor response are generally suitable for MCT. However, MCT may also be promising in patients with triple-negative and HER2-positive tumors without aggressive disease who prefer a lower toxicity profile compared to CCT. The most commonly used agents are cyclophosphamide (CTX), methotrexate (MTX), capecitabine (CAPE), and vinorelbine (VRL), whereby a combination of agents is frequently applied. Key Messages: Based on the growing body of evidence, MCT can be considered as a suitable treatment option in selected MBC patients. Nevertheless, there is an urgent need for randomized controlled trials comparing MCT with CCT, but also with best supportive care. Due to the multimodal mechanisms of action, the combination with targeted and immunological therapies may represent a new promising approach for the treatment of MBC.
Notas sobre o pensamento decolonial e os estudos da comunicação
Authors: Amaral Muriel Emídio Pessoa do
Published: November 2021

A proposta deste artigo é de apresentar, por revisão bibliográfica, as contribuições do pensamento decolonial dentro do campo das ciências humanas e sociais como um novo movimento epistemológico e político. A partir de contribuições de autores que dialogam com essa proposta, o texto também pretende fazer interface com os estudos da comunicação como proposta decolonial em pontos epistemológicos e ação política de reconhecimento público de grupos marginalizados, abrindo outras discussões do campo.
“Sujismundo” ditadura militar, propaganda e o ideal de “povo limpo”
Authors: Silva Jean Carllo de Souza
Published: November 2021

Este artigo analisa a campanha “Povo desenvolvido é povo limpo”, com vistas a compreender o teor político e ideológico da propaganda institucional do período dos governos militares (1964-1985). A campanha, vinculada na década de 1970, era estrelada por um personagem de desenho animado de nome “Sujismundo”, que, embora simpático, era representado com aspecto de sujeira. Oficialmente, tal propaganda objetivava conscientizar a população sobre a necessidade de se manter hábitos higiênicos e saudáveis. Mas os “anos de chumbo”, explicitamente ou não, produziram propagandas que expressavam os ideais desenvolvimentistas sustentados pelas Forças Armadas em conjunto com setores civis conservadores. É nesse contexto que analisamos a utilização dessa propaganda para fins políticos e ideológicos dos militares.
Políticas de fomento à cultura como instrumento de promoção da cidadania e dos direitos culturais
Authors: Kauark Giuliana , Almeida Juliana Silva
Published: November 2021

O reconhecimento dos direitos culturais impôs a necessidade de atuação das políticas culturais no enfrentamento às desigualdades de trocas simbólicas. A construção de uma sociedade mais justa passa pela abertura dos canais de participação na cultura a todos, sobretudo àqueles que foram marginalizados e/ou invisibilizados por determinado contexto histórico-cultural. Neste ensaio teórico, articularemos as noções de direitos culturais – mais especificamente, a do direito de participação na vida cultural – e analisaremos sua relação com a cidadania. Propomos, por fim, um olhar sobre o papel das políticas de fomento à cultura para a efetivação dos direitos culturais e ampliação da cidadania.
Gestão e formação cultural no ensino superior: a criação da galeria virtual no contexto da pandemia covid-19
Authors: Rojas Angelina Accetta , Mocarzel Marcelo Siqueira Maia Vinagre , Lima André Cesari Batista de
Published: November 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo relatar a experiência da criação e da gestão da Galeria de Arte Virtual La Salle, que integra a Galeria de Arte La Salle, espaço cultural do Unilasalle-RJ, localizada no município de Niterói, no Rio de Janeiro. Durante a pandemia da COVID-19, buscou-se compreender limites e possibilidades deste espaço virtual como espaço promotor de cultura, arte e conhecimento. Por meio de estudo de caso, buscou-se entender as reações ao processo de ação-reflexão-ação e como isso favoreceu a aproximação e a integração dos alunos participantes à arte e à cultura. Como resultados, indica-se que a criação e gestão do espaço, apesar das dificuldades iniciais, pode ser explorada como uma ferramenta para a promoção da arte, cultura e conhecimento durante o período da pandemia da COVID-19 e para além de períodos de isolamento social.
Estudos em políticas culturais: passado, presente e futuro?
Authors: Costa Leonardo , Rocha Renata
Published: November 2021

Este artigo lança um olhar sobre os microdados das teses e dissertações sobre políticas culturais defendidas no Brasil entre os anos de 1987 e 2019, por meio de perspectivas distintas e complementares, associando técnicas da pesquisa bibliométrica a aportes teórico-metodológicos de autores como Michel de Certeau, Pierre Bourdieu e Franco Moretti. A fim de compreender como se dá o desenvolvimento desse campo acadêmico no país, os dados inicialmente são apresentados com os principais agregadores e posteriormente segmentados por décadas: 1990 a 1999, 2000 a 2009 e 2010 a 2019. Os quantitativos da produção e os temas destacados de cada período são revisitados e contextualizados, com o propósito de imaginar os desafios e oportunidades dos estudos em políticas culturais para a próxima década.
Formação e prática em gestão cultural: entre o tecnicismo e o engajamento
Authors: Nussbaumer Gisele Marchiori , Kauark Giuliana
Published: November 2021

Este texto aborda a centralidade da gestão cultural no desenvolvimento do setor da cultura no Brasil, apontando perspectivas e conjunturas favoráveis e desfavoráveis a essa atividade. Em oposição a uma visão tecnicista do exercício profissional de gestoras e gestores culturais, defende a necessidade de uma formação crítica e de uma atuação engajada, capaz de enfrentar os desafios cada vez mais complexos do setor no contexto de desmonte em que vivemos. Por fim, destaca insurgências e experiências que se apresentam como possíveis referências para uma gestão cultural mais comprometida com a atual realidade brasileira.
Os desafios dos setores criativo e cultural brasileiros durante e depois da pandemia covid-19
Authors: Silva Junior João Roque da
Published: November 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir alguns dos desafios que os setores cultural e criativo brasileiros tiveram de enfrentar durante a pandemia da covid-19 e que possivelmente se prolongarão pelos próximos anos. Para isso, após uma breve contextualização da formação do discurso internacional sobre a cultura, a criatividade e o desenvolvimento que nos permitiu verificar, em linhas gerais, sua ressonância nas políticas culturais brasileiras, apresentamos os principais dados disponíveis sobre a situação do setor cultural brasileiro no primeiro e no segundo semestres de 2020. Em seguida, discutiu-se a implementação da Lei Aldir Blanc e os desafios em torno das políticas culturais. Um dos aspectos mais preocupantes é o profundo silêncio em torno do papel que a cultura e a criatividade poderiam desempenhar para os Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável.
Capitalism and the media: moral, economy, well-Being and capabilities
Authors: Hesmondhalgh David
Published: November 2021

This article aims to contribute to the renewal of the way media and culture are viewed under capitalism, by seeking solid normative foundations for critique via various compatible elements: moral economy, well-being understood as flourishing, Sen and Nussbaum’s capabilities approach, and culture value. Normative and conceptual issues concerning capitalism, media, and culture have received insufficient attention and moral economy approaches might help fill this gap with a rich and critical ethics-based approach to economy and society, compatible with the best political economy. The article outlines the approach of the capabilities, analyses its rare applications to media and culture, and explains how these applications might be constructed, by developing Nussbaum’s work in a way that contributes to people’s flourishing by grounding critique in an understanding of the potential value of media and culture’.
Gestão cultural para a próxima década
Authors: Poli Karina
Published: November 2021

Texto de apresentação da edição semestral da Revista Extraprensa V. 14, n° 2 - Gestão cultural para a próxima década.
Mãe preta e Barco negro: A mesma melodia para duas tragédias diferentes
Authors: Cocchi Riccardo
Published: November 2021

Neste artigo são analisados e comparados dois fados, isto é, a Mãe preta e o Barco negro, cujas letras diferentes – que, entretanto, se assentam na mesma base melódica – remetem, respetivamente, para uma matriz lírico-temática afro-brasileira e portuguesa. A partir desse caso específico, pretende-se destacar a crucial, embora controversa, inter-relação que existe entre esses dois fados e o imaginário lusófono próprio de Portugal, Brasil e dos PALOP.
Racionais Mc’s sob a perspectiva do realismo estético de Gyorgy Lukács
Authors: Silva Edson da
Published: November 2021

Este artigo trata de breve análise das narrativas nas letras da banda de RAP Racionais MC’s, sob a ótica do realismo estético proposto por Gyorgy Lukács (1970; 1966), para identificar elementos como a construção de personagens e situações típicas e a relação entre forma artística e vida social. Assinalando a produção da banda como uma forma de expressão das vicissitudes do realismo estético nas artes contemporâneas.
A divina comédia de um rapaz latino-americano: A influência da literatura na obra de Belchior
Authors: Santos Leandro Martan Bezerra
Published: November 2021

O presente artigo visa apresentar a influência da literatura e a utilização de recursos de intertextualidades na obra do músico cearense Belchior. A partir da análise das letras das cerca de cento e vinte composições gravadas pelo artista, aliada à uma breve contextualização de sua trajetória profissional, será possível identificar e promover uma reflexão sobre os pontos de convergência entre música e literatura na obra deste consagrado cantor da Música Popular Brasileira.
Arquivos imateriais: desafios da criação no contexto digital
Authors: Martinelli Paula , Dias Wagner Miranda , Mangueira Camila
Published: November 2021

No atual cenário de produção híbrida, principalmente no campo artístico, observamos a processualidade presente nos próprios meios tecnológicos a integrar a malha processual dos objetos de criação – mesmo aqueles entendidos como analógicos – e a problematizar a noção de objeto no âmbito da crítica. Diante disso, como a reflexão sobre a criação em suas mais diversas vertentes pode contribuir para uma crítica sobre os fenômenos de produção e experimentação permeados pelas novas mídias? Como esses meios e os procedimentos de pesquisa, interação e criação se inserem nos esforços da Crítica Genética? Estas foram as perguntas, todas elas convergentes à ideia de imaterialidade, que nos levaram a propor o presente dossiê.
Criação em rede: entrelaçamentos entre processos manuais de criação, “faça você mesmo” e compartilhamento em plataformas digitais
Authors: Alencar Maria Luísa Acioli Falcão de , Machado Dânica Vasques Fagundes
Published: November 2021

Neste artigo investigamos a recente popularização de ideais como a autonomia, a manualidade e o “faça você mesmo” atrelados aos processos de criação na arte e no design, em diálogo com a cultura das redes. Os conteúdos compartilhados nas redes sociais, em formato de tutoriais, relatos e postagens permitem o estudo de processos manuais de criação e o mapeamento de artistas, coletivos e iniciativas que propõem essa atuação. Por meio do referencial bibliográfico sobre artesanato, design, processos criativos e a cultura das redes, além de dinâmicas produtivas e informacionais da sociedade contemporânea, foi possível compreender como determinadas iniciativas e produções retomam ideias do movimento “faça você mesmo”, formando ambientes virtuais coletivos e de compartilhamento. Observamos que, atualmente, a procura por práticas manuais está conectada à necessidade de atividades que reflitam o tempo artesanal e a contemplação; e o interesse em registrar e acessar documentos de processo demonstra a busca por autonomia e por novos significados para o consumo.
A união entre o longform e o jornalismo literário
Authors: Lermen Alessandra de Falco Brasileiro
Published: November 2021

Após uma introdução sobre os conceitos e as relações entre longform e jornalismo literário - em contraponto com o factual -, são observadas reportagens de cunho literário do site revista piauí, a partir de uma abordagem inicial da Semântica Discursiva (BARROS, 2005) e considerando a possível contribuição da Crítica Genética (SALLES, 2008). Busca-se a re-construção de sentidos - os rastros da criação e dos criadores - pelo olhar para categorias como: recursos narrativos; observação participante; construção textual e visual de personagens; vinculação afetiva entre autor, fenômeno e público; e atuação social e criação de pertencimento identitário. Por fim, apresenta-se um sistema de similaridades, mas também de criações surpreendentes.
e-Imigrações como um work in progress
Authors: Santos Alckmar Luiz dos , Duarte Rafael Soares , Henning Vinícius Rutes
Published: November 2021

O propósito deste artigo é mostrar como se deu a passagem das intenções iniciais à criação literária digital e-Imigraçõesapresentando-a como um work in progresse não como ela pode ser lida já pronta (em https://www.editorainverso.com.br/livro-digital[1]). De certo modo, isso pode ser entendido como a tradução dinâmica de um esquema inicial abstrato em uma criação que aos poucos vai-se tornando concreta.. Quando de sua construção, a primeira dificuldade com que deparamos foi o fato de ela pôr em diálogo três diferentes linguagens (a das histórias-em-quadrinhos, a da poesia verbal e a da programação computacional). Isso representou a ameaça constante de criarmos não uma, mas três obras distintas que não dialogariam minimamente entre si. Em termos de método de criação, esse é o primeiro obstáculo a ser enfrentado, é a primeira ação a ser encetada em qualquer criação literária digital. Para discutir essas questões que surgiram ao longo da criação de e-Imigrações, neste artigo exploramos a documentação técnica e criativa por trás da obra. Com isso, tornamos públicas as fontes primárias, por assim dizer, que estão na gênese de nossa criação.
 
[1]É fundamental que se navegue pela obra, antes de ler este artigo.
The squeaking vocalization of grey wolves (Canis lupus): individuality in a close-range affiliative mammalian vocalisation
Authors: Weir Jackie N. , Schneider Jennifer N. , Anderson Rita E.
Published: November 2021

Wolves (Canis lupus) frequently use the close-range squeaking vocalization, a soft, multi-unit, high-pitched tonal vocalisation. We examined the social and movement contexts of the occurrence and acoustic characteristics of squeaking from videotapes of pack-reared, pack-living captive wolves living in semi-natural conditions at the Canadian Centre for Wolf Research over a three-year period. We only examined squeaking vocalisations for which the sender and potential receiver(s) could be determined. Wolves squeaked in many contexts, especially when approaching other wolves in prosocial and food contexts. Some wolves squeaked more than others. Acoustically, squeaking vocalisations were individually identifiable, primarily through frequency characteristics. Contextual use suggests that squeaking conveys the friendly motivation of an approaching wolf and in aggressive situations, a motivation to defuse or decrease aggression. This close-range vocalisation may play an important role in controlling and coordinating social interactions within the pack.
Diversification and Industrialization in the Economic Development of Turkmenistan
Authors: Kwon Hoyoung , Mah Jai S.
Published: November 2021

In the early stages of its transition, Turkmenistan pursued a gradualist path. Diversification, industrialization, and market-based reforms led to very rapid economic growth particularly since the late 2000s. This article investigates the role of Turkmenistan’s economic development policy in diversifying industries and promoting the manufacturing sector. The government has diversified the destinations for the natural gas exports. Although its agriculture had been characterized as cotton monoculture, the share of wheat has risen since the 1990s. The textile industry has led the manufacturing sector, and other industries are not well developed. The government has successfully attracted foreign direct investment. Turkmenistan’s trade policy has contributed to supplying machines for manufactured products, although it might have been harmful to the early-stage development of the manufacturing sector. Turkmenistan, which is not a member of the WTO, may actively utilize its policy space to promote technology-intensive industries and must strengthen its level of human capital.
Decolonization of Higher Education in South Africa
Authors: Abdullahi Ali Arazeem
Published: November 2021

Western education still dominates the education terrain across Africa. For some people, the dominance is nothing but ‘academic imperialism,’ which is believed to have relegated African scholars to mere conduits of knowledge through which European and American scholarship and interests are protected and promoted. Consequently, a dissident voice is resonating in the African educational system, particularly South African education system, demanding the recognition of ‘home-grown’ knowledge to solve home-grown problems. This article engages the debate about decolonization of higher education in South Africa and asks the fundamental question of whether or not it is possible to achieve a fully decolonized curriculum in a society that is already cloaked and engulfed by capitalism and Western ideologies.
Exploring Visitor Perceptions towards Urban Park Design and Levels of Enclosure: A Case Study from the UAE
Authors: Gargoum Amna , Gargoum Ali S.
Published: November 2021

As cities transition towards urbanization and sustainability, designing attractive green spaces and urban parks is an important issue to planners and urban designers. One factor believed to have some impact on a park’s attractiveness is level of enclosure. Despite the importance of such a factor in identifying types of park visitors and frequency of visits, a limited amount of research has attempted to statistically model impacts of level enclosure on a park’s attractiveness. To address this gap, this article explores impacts of multiple physical characteristics, including levels of enclosure, on park attractiveness and user behavior. Activities in two parks in Al Ain, United Arab Emirates (UAE) were studied using field observations, photography, interviews, and statistical analysis. Field observations were utilized to model people’s attitude while using parks. Logistic regression was employed to the field observations to investigate associations between different factors and park attractiveness. Results indicated levels of enclosure had a direct influence on park users. Gender, age, and ethnicity were also found statistically significant determinates of park visitor attitudes and park choice. Traces of territorial behaviors and social conflicts were also observed.
Smile of the Crescent: Constructing a Future Identity Out of Historical Ambiguity in İstiklal Marşi (with Translation)
Authors: Ayaydin-Cebe Günil Özlem
Published: November 2021

This article analyses identity construction in İstiklal Marşi (“Independence March”), the national anthem of the Republic of Turkey, within the theoretical framework of Eurocentric nation-state rhetoric. It argues that the continuing success of the text, written by Mehmet Akif [Ersoy] in 1921, is independent of the ideological stand of its author, and lies instead in its conveyance of a modern nation-state identity. In order to demonstrate this, the article first depicts the circumstances of the adoption of the national anthem and its immediate reception in Turkey. Afterwards, it examines identity construction in the anthem and reveals that the war against European forces determined the self-perception of the nation by both the negation and mirroring of the other. It concludes that, by foregrounding certain elements such as l’esprit frondeur and faith, and by interpreting the convention of Ottoman Divan poetry, the poet infused the cultural and aesthetic legacy of the past into the future needs of a nation-state.
Labour in Turkey during the 1960s: The Long Hot Decade of the Working Class
Authors: Çelik Aziz
Published: November 2021

The 1960s were unique and sui generis years for the labour movement in Turkey. This decade not only witnessed the emergence of industrial capitalism, but also was a critical and intense period of class struggle in which the formation of the country’s working class accelerated. As the working class gained momentum, it proved itself to be a new social class after being dismissed in previous decades. At the beginning of the period, trade unions gained constitutional guarantees, thereby increasing the momentum of the labour movement, even as traditional trade unionism eroded somewhat following a period of dominance in the previous two decades. Ultimately, class-based and independent unionism grew in strength in the 1960s, while the decade also represents a critical moment in the process of working-class politicisation.
Rhotic degemination in Sanskrit and the etymology of Vedic ūrú- ‘thigh’, Hittite UZU(u)walla- ‘id.’
Authors: Nikolaev Alexander
Published: November 2021

This paper examines the absence of geminate -rr- in Sanskrit and argues that the synchronic ban on this sequence results from continued high ranking of an Obligatory Contour Principle constraint against heteromorphemic geminates (inherited from PIE) combined with the substrate influence of Dravidian languages in which the rhotics are non-geminable. New -rr- sequences that arose in Proto-Indo-Iranian and Proto-Indo-Aryan from PIE *-LL- or *-LHL- after loss of the laryngeal and merger of *l with the rhotic were repaired through degemination. This hypothesis predicts a development of PIE *(-)CL̥HLV- to Sanskrit (-)Cī/ūrV- which has not been previously recognized in the treatments of Indic historical phonology. This development is arguably found in mūrá- ‘stupid’ < *mūrra- < *mr̥hx-lo- (cf. Hitt. marlant- ‘stupid’), ūrú- ‘thigh’ < *u̯ūrru- < *(hx)u̯l̥hx-Lu- ← *(hx)u̯l̥hx-Lo- (cf. Hitt. walla- ‘thigh’), śīrá- ‘fervent’ < *śīrrá- < *k̑l̥hx-Ló- (cf. śrā́ya-ti ‘be fervent’), and perhaps in several other examples.
Surviving Troubled Times on the Borders of China: Sheng Shicai as a Successful Warlord in Xinjiang, 1931–34
Authors: Ou Yuan Zhi
Published: November 2021

Ethnicity, religion, and geopolitics affect historians’ interpretations of the history of Xinjiang, a very chaotic frontier region of China that did not come fully under the control of the People’s Republic of China until recent decades. The case of Sheng Shicai, an early Republican Era Chinese military officer, shows how professional training and, most importantly, the ability to capitalize on emerging opportunities contributed to his military success in Xinjiang from 1931 to 1934. This paper analyzes the Republic of China’s government documents, Sheng and his acquaintances’ memoirs, newspaper articles, and other sources to examine how Sheng applied his military training and employed regional and foreign military forces to win battles in northern Xinjiang. Professional military training helped officers to utilize their resources efficiently and take advantage of their geopolitical situations. Amid numerous talented Chinese military officers, Sheng rose in rank and successfully secured Xinjiang as a part of the Republic of China even when Xinjiang’s geopolitics seemed extremely challenging. This study highlights the value of Sheng’s military prowess, something that the literature has not previously appreciated.
Variation in Fukienogomphus prometheus (Lieftinck, 1939) reveals Stylurus takashii (Asahina, 1966) as a junior synonym, with discussion on the status of F. choifongae Wilson & Tam, 2006 (Odonata: Gomphidae)
Authors: HU FANG-SHUO , CHEN SZU-LUNG , SONG RUI-BIN , YEH WEN-CHI
Published: November 2021

We investigate variation of body pattern in Fukienogomphus prometheus (Lieftinck, 1939) and notice the similarity of its female to Stylurus takashii (Asahina, 1966), an enigmatic species whose male is still unknown. We then review the taxonomic history of S. takashii and compare its holotype female with the female F. prometheus. Our results show S. takashii is a junior synonym to F. prometheus. We elucidate the intraspecific variation of F. prometheus and provide information for its ecology and distribution in Taiwan. We also discuss the similarities between the adults of Fukienogomphus choifongae Wilson & Tam, 2006 and F. prometheus which in future studies may prove to be conspecific and will require to synonymise the two names. Finally, we confirm the genus Stylurus Needham, 1897 is not distributed in Taiwan.
Two new species and one new record species of genus Arrenurus Dugès, 1834 (Acari, Hydrachnidia, Arrenuridae) from China
Authors: ZHENG YULIN , GU XINYAO , GUO JIANJUN , ZHANG RUNZHI
Published: November 2021

Three species of the genus Arrenurus Dugès, 1834 are described in detail from China, of which Arrenurus (Arrenurus) ancoralis Zheng & Guo sp. nov. and Arrenurus (Arrenurus) unguiculus Zheng & Guo sp. nov. are new to science, and Arrenurus (Truncaturus) isikliensis Boyaci & Özkan, 2004 is recorded for the first time for the Chinese fauna. Arrenurus (A.) ancoralis can be distinguished by D3 on big humps and each with a small protrusion bearing D3 gland; the petiole is well-developed, the middle part contracted, slightly enlarged posteriorly; the ligulate process extending beyond the posterior margin of the petiole and triangle-shaped. Arrenurus (A.) unguiculus can be distinguished by the ligulate process extending beyond the posterior margin for half of petiole length, and nail-shaped. Arrenurus (A.) isikliensis is recorded for the Chinese fauna for the first time. Detailed descriptions and illustrations of the new and the newly recorded species are given in this paper.
A new tiger beetle from the Gulf Coast of Texas (Coleoptera, Cicindelidae, Cicindelini)
Authors: DURAN DANIEL P. , ROMAN STEPHEN J. , HUBER RONALD L.
Published: November 2021

A new tiger beetle species, Eunota albicauda Duran, Roman & Huber n. sp., of the tribe Cicindelini, is described from the Gulf Coast of southern Texas. It is superficially most similar to E. togata (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1841) and E. circumpicta (LaFerté-Sénectère, 1841) but is distinguished on the basis of multiple character states not shared with either species. We reconstructed a phylogeny for Eunota to address the placement of this new taxon. Little is known about the biology or distribution of this exceedingly rare species. Despite extensive tiger beetle collecting from this region, only two specimens of E. albicauda n. sp. are known, collected in the mid-20th century. Future efforts to locate additional specimens should focus on coastal salt flats and marshes in southern Texas, including areas near the United States-Mexico border, late in the season (September-October).
The Effect of COVID-19 on Domestic Violence and Assaults
Authors: Demir Mustafa , Park Suyeon
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this research was to examine the effect of COVID-19 on four outcomes including calls for service for domestic violence, calls for service for assaults, arrests for domestic violence, and arrests for assaults in Burlington, Vermont. The data for each outcome collected over the time periods January 2012 through May 2021 were obtained from the Burlington Police Department website and then a monthly time-series data set were created. The analyses including an independent samples t-test, a Poisson regression test, and a monthly interrupted time-series analyses (ITSA) were employed to test the effects of COVID-19 on the previously mentioned outcomes. The results of the ITSA showed that in the first month following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, domestic violence calls statistically significantly increased, but no statistically significant change was observed in domestic violence arrests, while assault calls and assault arrests statistically significantly decreased. In addition, during COVID-19, there was a statistically significant decreasing trend in domestic violence calls and domestic violence arrests, while there was no statistically significant change in the trends of assault calls and assault arrests. The results suggest that COVID-19 had an immediate as well as a persistent effect on the numbers of domestic violence and assaults. The results and limitations of this study were also discussed.
What do young Australian adults know about modifiable risk factors for dementia?
Authors: Keage Hannah A. D. , Villani Gabrielle , Hutchinson Amanda D.
Published: November 2021

Background

There are well established modifiable risk factors for late-life dementia. These risk factors account for over 30% of population attributable dementia risk and accrue over the lifespan. Young adults have the greatest potential to reduce their own risk for dementia. This study aimed to investigate what young Australian adults know about dementia and its risk factors, and further, how they estimated these risks.

Methods

An online survey promoted through various social media platforms was completed by 604 young Australian adults aged 18–44 years of age.

Results

Seventy percent of participants had a limited understanding of dementia (identifying cognitive or functional impairment), 25% had a good understanding, with 5% having no understanding. Twenty percent of respondents thought there were no modifiable risk factors for dementia. Less the half of participants agreed with two of the nine established dementia risk factors (hearing loss in midlife and education in early life), with over half of participants agreeing to the remaining seven risk factors. Females consistently judged the risks conferred by the nine established dementia risk factors to be higher than males. Those who were lonely judged the dementia risk conferred by loneliness to be higher than those who were not lonely; and smokers judged the dementia risk conferred by smoking to be less than non-smokers.

Conclusion

Young adults have the greatest potential to change their dementia risk, and these findings show that there are important gaps in knowledge of dementia and its risk factors in this group.
Computational modeling of PET tracer distribution in solid tumors integrating microvasculature
Authors: Fasaeiyan Niloofar , Soltani M. , Moradi Kashkooli Farshad , Taatizadeh Erfan , Rahmim Arman
Published: November 2021

Background

We present computational modeling of positron emission tomography radiotracer uptake with consideration of blood flow and interstitial fluid flow, performing spatiotemporally-coupled modeling of uptake and integrating the microvasculature. In our mathematical modeling, the uptake of fluorodeoxyglucose F-18 (FDG) was simulated based on the Convection–Diffusion–Reaction equation given its high accuracy and reliability in modeling of transport phenomena. In the proposed model, blood flow and interstitial flow are solved simultaneously to calculate interstitial pressure and velocity distribution inside cancer and normal tissues. As a result, the spatiotemporal distribution of the FDG tracer is calculated based on velocity and pressure distributions in both kinds of tissues.

Results

Interstitial pressure has maximum value in the tumor region compared to surrounding tissue. In addition, interstitial fluid velocity is extremely low in the entire computational domain indicating that convection can be neglected without effecting results noticeably. Furthermore, our results illustrate that the total concentration of FDG in the tumor region is an order of magnitude larger than in surrounding normal tissue, due to lack of functional lymphatic drainage system and also highly-permeable microvessels in tumors. The magnitude of the free tracer and metabolized (phosphorylated) radiotracer concentrations followed very different trends over the entire time period, regardless of tissue type (tumor vs. normal).

Conclusion

Our spatiotemporally-coupled modeling provides helpful tools towards improved understanding and quantification of in vivo preclinical and clinical studies.
Errata in East Coast tick study: retort to Tufts & Diuk-Wasser
Authors: Scott John D.
Published: November 2021

The authors overlook the first report of Haemaphysalis punctata in the Western Hemisphere documented by a pioneer acarologist in 1910. The authors assume that climate change alters movement of ticks, but provide no data. The authors’ assumptions are only opinions, and must be corrected and challenged.
Finishing stationary cycling too early after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is likely to lead to higher failure
Authors: Sonkodi Balázs , Varga Endre , Hangody László , Poór Gyula , Berkes István
Published: November 2021

Background

Anterior cruciate ligament injury arises when the knee anterior ligament fibers are stretched, partially torn, or completely torn. Operated patients either end up re-injuring their reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament or majority develop early osteoarthritis regardless of the remarkable improvements of surgical techniques and the widely available rehabilitation best practices. New mechanism theories of non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injury and delayed onset muscle soreness could provide a novel perspective how to respond to this clinical challenge.

Main body

A tri-phasic injury model is proposed for these non-contact injuries. Mechano-energetic microdamage of the proprioceptive sensory nerve terminals is suggested to be the first-phase injury that is followed by a harsher tissue damage in the second phase. The longitudinal dimension is the third phase and that is the equivalent of the repeated bout effect of delayed onset muscle soreness. Current paper puts this longitudinal injury phase into perspective as the phase when the long-term memory consolidation and reconsolidation of this learning related neuronal injury evolves and the phase when the extent of the neuronal regeneration is determined. Reinstating the mitochondrial energy supply and ‘breathing capacity’ of the injured proprioceptive sensory neurons during this period is emphasized, as avoiding fatigue, overuse, overload and re-injury.

Conclusions

Extended use, minimum up to a year or even longer, of a current rehabilitation technique, namely moderate intensity low resistance stationary cycling, is recommended preferably at the end of the day. This exercise therapeutic strategy should be a supplementation to the currently used rehabilitation best practices as a knee anti-aging maintenance effort.
Prevalence and contributing factors to recurrent binge eating and obesity among black adults with food insufficiency: findings from a cross-sectional study from a nationally-representative sample
Authors: Goode Rachel W. , Watson Hunna J. , Masa Rainier , Bulik Cynthia M.
Published: November 2021

Background

Living in a food-insecure or food insufficient household may increase risk for binge eating and obesity. Because racial disparities in food access, obesity, and access to treatment for disordered eating exist, it is important to examine these relationships in Black populations.

Methods

We conducted a secondary analysis of data from the National Survey of American Life (N = 4553), a nationally-representative sample of Black Americans, including African Americans and Afro-Caribbeans. Logistic regression was used to explore the association of food insufficiency with obesity and binge eating.

Results

In the total sample of Black Americans, the prevalence of food insufficiency was 10.9% (95% CI 10.0–11.8%). Food insufficiency was not significantly associated with obesity in Black Americans, but when associations were explored in analyses stratified by ethnicity and sex, food insufficiency significantly predicted an increased odds of obesity in Afro-Caribbeans (odds ratio [OR] = 1.47, 95% CI 1.01, 2.13). Individuals experiencing food insufficiency were more likely to report recurrent binge eating in the last 12 months (3% v 2%, P = 0.02) and a lifetime history of binge eating (6% v 3%, P = 0.004) compared to those who were food sufficient. After adjusting for socio-demographic factors, food insufficiency was not significantly associated with recurrent binge eating in Black Americans or in sex- and ethnicity-stratified analyses.

Conclusion

The present study reveals a more complex relation between food insufficiency and binge eating than previously thought—although an association existed, it was attenuated by an array of sociodemographic factors. Our results also underscore the importance of considering ethnicity as different patterns emerged between African American and Afro-Caribbean participants.
Test-level and Item-level Model Fit Comparison of General vs. Specific Diagnostic Classification Models: A Case of True DCM
Authors: Shafipoor Mahdieh , Ravand Hamdollah , Maftoon Parviz
Published: November 2021

The current study compared the model fit indices, skill mastery probabilities, and classification accuracy of six Diagnostic Classification Models (DCMs): a general model (G-DINA) against five specific models (LLM, RRUM, ACDM, DINA, and DINO). To do so, the response data to the grammar and vocabulary sections of a General English Achievement Test, designed specifically for cognitive diagnostic purposes from scratch, was analyzed. The results of the test-level-model fit values obtained strong evidence in supporting the G-DINA and LLM models possessing the best model fit. In addition, the ACDM and RRUM were almost very identical to that of the G-DINA. The value indices of the DINO and DINA models were very close to each other but larger than those of the G-DINA and LLM. The model fit was also investigated at the item level, and the results revealed that model selection should be performed at the item level rather than the test level, and most of the specific models might perform well for the test. The findings of this study suggested that the relationships among the attributes of grammar and vocabulary are not ‘either-or’ compensatory or non-compensatory but a combination of both.
Distance between the supraspinatus and long head of the biceps tendon on sagittal MRI: a new tool to identify anterior supraspinatus insertion injury
Authors: Yin Lifeng , Zhang Hua , Kong Yangang , Zhang Xinyu , Yan Wenlong , Zhang Jian
Published: November 2021

Purpose

Anterior insertion of the supraspinatus muscle plays an essential role in rotator cuff tissue. We aimed to determine whether the distance between the midpoints of the supraspinatus central tendon and long head of the biceps tendon on a sagittal shoulder magnetic resonance imaging scan can help to preoperatively diagnose an injury of the anterior insertion of the supraspinatus.

Method

This retrospective study reviewed 103 patients with a full-thickness supraspinatus tendon tear: 50 patients with (injured group) and 53 patients without (intact group) anterior supraspinatus insertion tear. The inter-tendon distance was measured based on an oblique sagittal magnetic resonance imaging scan. SPSS was used for statistical analyses. Two independent samples t-test and receiver operating curve analysis were also performed.

Results

The measurements of inter-tendon distance revealed good intra- and inter-observer reliabilities with intra-class correlation coefficients of 0.92 and 0.97, respectively. The inter-tendon distance of the injured group was significantly greater than that of the intact group (10.1 ± 2.7 vs 8.0 ± 2.3 mm,P < 0.001). The diagnostic ability of the inter-tendon distance was fair (area under the curve = 0.745), and a threshold of 9 mm had a specificity of 73% and sensitivity of 74%.

Conclusion

The distance between the supraspinatus central tendon and long head of the biceps tendon on magnetic resonance imaging was greater in patients with anterior supraspinatus insertion injury than those without the injury. A distance of 9 mm may be the cut-off value and a good diagnosis marker for anterior supraspinatus insertion injury.

Level of evidence

Level III, diagnostic case–control study.
Structure, composition and carbon stocks of woody plant community in assisted and unassisted ecological succession in a Tamaulipan thornscrub, Mexico
Authors: Alanís-Rodríguez Eduardo , Molina-Guerra Víctor M. , Collantes-Chávez-Costa Alejandro , Buendía-Rodríguez Enrique , Mora-Olivo Arturo , Sánchez-Castillo Laura , Alcalá-Rojas Alejandro G.
Published: November 2021

Background

Ecological restoration is a process that helps the recovery of an ecosystem that has been degraded, damaged or destroyed. The success of restoration actions depend on the understanding of the processes, mechanisms and factors that guide vegetation dynamics. The restoration of plant communities can be made by unassisted (passive restoration, where the community recover by itself) and assisted (active restoration) ecological succession. It is imperative to know the scope of both types of activities to guide future restoration actions by evaluating the properties and functioning of the intervened communities.

Methods

Variance analysis of the carbon (C) stocks, basal area, canopy area, Shannon–Weaver index values, specific richness and abundance of three Tamaulipan thornscrub communities (assisted natural succession area, unassisted natural succession area and control area) was performed. Furthermore, a similarity analysis between the sampling areas using the floristic composition (abundance) was performed.

Results

In total, 11 families, 17 genera and 20 species of vascular plants were registered. The richness of species and abundance ranked as follows per area: assisted ecological natural succession > control > unassisted ecological natural succession. The species composition between sampling areas showed a low number of common species between plant communities.

Conclusions

The values of species richness, diversity, abundance, basal area, and canopy area of the assisted natural succession vegetal community was statistical similar to the control plan community. The values of C stocks showed that assisted ecological succession could recover not only structure and composition attributes but also this key ecosystem property.
Description of on-farm treatment compliance and risk factors for culling in sows
Authors: Campler Magnus R. , Cox Jeremiah L. , Walker Heather L. , Arruda Andréia G.
Published: November 2021

Background

In commercial pig farming, sick or injured sows are often treated by producers or hired staff. To date, limited quantitative data exists on treatment compliance and the possible effect on sow longevity post-treatment. The objective of the study was to quantify on-farm compliance of treatment selection, frequency, and dosage, as well as to investigate the association between body condition scores (BCS) and other sow-level factors on post-treatment cull risk.

Results

On-farm treatment records, including culling reason or reason of death up to 6 months post-treatment, production records and sow characteristics were obtained for 134 sows over an 8-week period. Treatment compliance was based on the accuracy of recorded treatments compared to the herd veterinarian’s established treatment guidelines. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models including treatment reason, treatment compliance, BCS, parity, production stage and production metrics, were constructed to investigate associations between those variables and sow culling or death. This study found low compliance for on-farm sow treatment protocols, with only 22.4% (30/134) of the sows receiving correct and complete treatment during the duration of the study. No effect of individual treatment components (drug, dosage, or frequency) on sow culling was observed. A trend for an interaction between treatment compliance and BCS was found, and parity and number of piglets born alive were identified as predictors for sow maintenance in the herd.

Conclusions

On-farm sow treatment compliance was low, resulting in that approximately 80% of the enrolled sows were not treated according to existing guidelines. Non-compliance of treatment guidelines did not seem to affect the risk of culling in treated sows but may have prolonged any associated pain, recovery time and negatively impacted the sow welfare during that time period.
Chamelea gallina reproductive biology and Minimum Conservation Reference Size: implications for fishery management in the Adriatic Sea
Authors: Bargione Giada , Donato Fortunata , Barone Giulio , Virgili Massimo , Penna Pierluigi , Lucchetti Alessandro
Published: November 2021

Background

The striped venus clam Chamelea gallina is an economically important species in Adriatic Sea fisheries. The use of hydraulic dredging for its catch has a long history in Italy and its management faced several stages of development in the last 40 years. A great effort has been made in the past two decades to move from poorly or weakly managed fisheries to a well-structured co-management system to improve the sustainability of this fishery. However, a prerequisite for appropriate resource management is a sound knowledge of the biology and reproductive strategy of the species.

Results

We investigated three major biological features– the gametogenic cycle, size at sexual maturity and partial fecundity – by microscopic, histological and video analysis techniques. We demonstrated that its breeding season is driven by rises in seawater temperature and chlorophyll-a concentration and that its spawning period lasted from March to September. Size at sexual maturity was reached very early in the life cycle. As regards partial fecundity – the number of mature oocytes potentially released by females with ripe gonads in a single release event – varied in relation to size. Nevertheless, the reduction on the Minimum Conservation Reference Size (MCRS) from 25 to 22 mm (Delegated Regulation (EU) 2020/2237) lead to a 40% reduction in the number of emitted eggs.

Conclusions

We suggest that the ability of Adriatic clam stocks to withstand the strong fishing pressure of the past 40 years and the present one is due to their high reproductive potential and multiple spawning events combined with the effect of management measures (closed areas/seasons, quota, MCRS) and technical constraints on the gear and the sieve on board. Moreover, since the reduced MCRS for Venus shells is still larger than the size at maturity, it will probably not be detrimental to the reproductive capacity of the stock.