bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Symbiotic Association between Various Rhizobia, Capable of Producing Plant-Growth-Promoting Biomolecules, and Mung Bean for Sustainable Production
Authors: Mahmood Abid , Shahzad Tanvir , Hussain Sabir , Ali Qasim , Ali Hayssam M. , Yasin Sanaullah , Ibrahim Muhammad , Salem Mohamed Z. M. , Khalid Muhammad
Published: December 2021

To feed the increased world population, sustainability in the production of crops is the need of the hour, and exploration of an effective symbiotic association of rhizobia with legumes may serve the purpose. A laboratory-scale experiment was conducted to evaluate the symbiotic effectiveness of twenty wild rhizobial isolates (MR1–MR20) on the growth, physiology, biochemical traits, and nodulation of mung bean to predict better crop production with higher yields. Rhizobial strain MR4 resulted in a 52% increase in shoot length and 49% increase in shoot fresh mass, while MR5 showed a 30% increase in root length, with 67% and 65% improvement in root fresh mass by MR4 and MR5, respectively, compared to uninoculated control. Total dry matter of mung bean was enhanced by 73% and 68% with strains MR4 and MR5 followed by MR1 and MR3 with 60% increase in comparison to control. Rhizobial strain MR5 produced a maximum (25 nodules) number of nodules followed by MR4, MR3, and MR1 which produced 24, 23, and 21 nodules per plant. Results related to physiological parameters showed the best performance of MR4 and MR5 compared to control among all treatments. MR4 strain helped the plants to produce the lowest values of total soluble protein (TSP) (38% less), flavonoids contents (44% less), and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents (52% less) among all treatments compared to uninoculated control plants. Total phenolics contents of mung bean plants also showed significantly variable results, with the highest value of 54.79 mg kg−1 in MR4 inoculated plants, followed by MR5 and MR1 inoculated plants, while the minimum concentration of total phenolics was recorded in uninoculated control plants of mung bean. Based on the results of growth promotion, nodulation ability, and physiological and biochemical characteristics recorded in an experimental trial conducted under gnotobiotic conditions, four rhizobial isolates (MR1, MR3, MR4, and MR5) were selected using cluster and principal component analysis. Selected strains were also tested for a variety of plant-growth-promoting molecules to develop a correlation with the results of plant-based parameters, and it was concluded that these wild rhizobial strains were effective in improving sustainable production of mung bean.
U-Net-Based Foreign Object Detection Method Using Effective Image Acquisition System: A Case of Almond and Green Onion Flake Food Process
Authors: Son Guk-Jin , Kwak Dong-Hoon , Park Mi-Kyung , Kim Young-Duk , Jung Hee-Chul
Published: December 2021

Supervised deep learning-based foreign object detection algorithms are tedious, costly, and time-consuming because they usually require a large number of training datasets and annotations. These disadvantages make them frequently unsuitable for food quality evaluation and food manufacturing processes. However, the deep learning-based foreign object detection algorithm is an effective method to overcome the disadvantages of conventional foreign object detection methods mainly used in food inspection. For example, color sorter machines cannot detect foreign objects with a color similar to food, and the performance is easily degraded by changes in illuminance. Therefore, to detect foreign objects, we use a deep learning-based foreign object detection algorithm (model). In this paper, we present a synthetic method to efficiently acquire a training dataset of deep learning that can be used for food quality evaluation and food manufacturing processes. Moreover, we perform data augmentation using color jitter on a synthetic dataset and show that this approach significantly improves the illumination invariance features of the model trained on synthetic datasets. The F1-score of the model that trained the synthetic dataset of almonds at 360 lux illumination intensity achieved a performance of 0.82, similar to the F1-score of the model that trained the real dataset. Moreover, the F1-score of the model trained with the real dataset combined with the synthetic dataset achieved better performance than the model trained with the real dataset in the change of illumination. In addition, compared with the traditional method of using color sorter machines to detect foreign objects, the model trained on the synthetic dataset has obvious advantages in accuracy and efficiency. These results indicate that the synthetic dataset not only competes with the real dataset, but they also complement each other.
On Some New Simpson’s Formula Type Inequalities for Convex Functions in Post-Quantum Calculus
Authors: Vivas-Cortez Miguel J. , Ali Muhammad Aamir , Qaisar Shahid , Sial Ifra Bashir , Jansem Sinchai , Mateen Abdul
Published: December 2021

In this work, we prove a new (p,q)-integral identity involving a (p,q)-derivative and (p,q)-integral. The newly established identity is then used to show some new Simpson’s formula type inequalities for (p,q)-differentiable convex functions. Finally, the newly discovered results are shown to be refinements of comparable results in the literature. Analytic inequalities of this type, as well as the techniques used to solve them, have applications in a variety of fields where symmetry is important.
Two Dimensional Laplace Transform Coupled with the Marichev-Saigo-Maeda Integral Operator and the Generalized Incomplete Hypergeometric Function
Authors: Khan Yasir , Khan Adnan , Shaeel Muhammad , Akgül Ali
Published: December 2021

This paper represents the processing of the two-dimensional Laplace transform with the two-dimensional Marichev–Saigo–Maeda integral operators and two-dimensional incomplete hypergeometric function. This article provides an entirely new perspective on the Marichev–Saigo–Maeda operators and incomplete functions. In addition, we have included some interesting results, such as left-sided Saigo–Maeda operators and right-sided Saigo–Maeda operators, making this a good direction for symmetry analysis.
Spatially and Temporally Resolved Ambient PM2.5 in Relation to Preterm Birth
Authors: Cowell Whitney , Colicino Elena , Zhang Xueying , Ledyard Rachel , Burris Heather , Hacker Michele , Kloog Itai , Just Allan , Wright Robert , Wright Rosalind
Published: December 2021

Growing evidence suggests that maternal exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) during pregnancy is associated with preterm birth; however, few studies have examined critical windows of exposure, which can help elucidate underlying biologic mechanisms and inform public health messaging for limiting exposure. Participants included 891 mother–newborn pairs enrolled in a U.S.-based pregnancy cohort study. Daily residential PM2.5 concentrations at a 1 × 1 km2 resolution were estimated using a satellite-based hybrid model. Gestational age at birth was abstracted from electronic medical records and preterm birth (PTB) was defined as <37 completed weeks of gestation. We used Critical Window Variable Selection to examine weekly PM2.5 exposure in relation to the odds of PTB and examined sex-specific associations using stratified models. The mean ± standard deviation PM2.5 level averaged across pregnancy was 8.13 ± 1.10 µg/m3. PM2.5 exposure was not associated with an increased odds of PTB during any gestational week. In sex-stratified models, we observed a marginal increase in the odds of PTB with exposure occurring during gestational week 16 among female infants only. This study does not provide strong evidence supporting an association between weekly exposure to PM2.5 and preterm birth.
Knock-Out of Retrovirus Receptor Gene Tva in the Chicken Confers Resistance to Avian Leukosis Virus Subgroups A and K and Affects Cobalamin (Vitamin B12)-Dependent Level of Methylmalonic Acid
Authors: Koslová Anna , Trefil Pavel , Mucksová Jitka , Krchlíková Veronika , Plachý Jiří , Krijt Jakub , Reinišová Markéta , Kučerová Dana , Geryk Josef , Kalina Jiří , Šenigl Filip , Elleder Daniel , Kožich Viktor , Hejnar Jiří
Published: December 2021

The chicken Tva cell surface protein, a member of the low-density lipoprotein receptor family, has been identified as an entry receptor for avian leukosis virus of classic subgroup A and newly emerging subgroup K. Because both viruses represent an important concern for the poultry industry, we introduced a frame-shifting deletion into the chicken tva locus with the aim of knocking-out Tva expression and creating a virus-resistant chicken line. The tva knock-out was prepared by CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing in chicken primordial germ cells and orthotopic transplantation of edited cells into the testes of sterilized recipient roosters. The resulting tva −/− chickens tested fully resistant to avian leukosis virus subgroups A and K, both in in vitro and in vivo assays, in contrast to their susceptible tva +/+ and tva +/− siblings. We also found a specific disorder of the cobalamin/vitamin B12 metabolism in the tva knock-out chickens, which is in accordance with the recently recognized physiological function of Tva as a receptor for cobalamin in complex with transcobalamin transporter. Last but not least, we bring a new example of the de novo resistance created by CRISPR/Cas9 editing of pathogen dependence genes in farm animals and, furthermore, a new example of gene editing in chicken.
Human Adenovirus Species D Interactions with Corneal Stromal Cells
Authors: Rajaiya Jaya , Saha Amrita , Zhou Xiaohong , Chodosh James
Published: December 2021

Notable among the many communicable agents known to infect the human cornea is the human adenovirus, with less than ten adenoviruses having corneal tropism out of more than 100 known types. The syndrome of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC), caused principally by human adenovirus, presents acutely with epithelial keratitis, and later with stromal keratitis that can be chronic and recurrent. In this review, we discuss the current state of knowledge regarding the molecular biology of adenovirus infection of corneal stromal cells, among which the fibroblast-like keratocyte is the most predominant, in order to elucidate basic pathophysiologic mechanisms of stromal keratitis in the human patient with EKC.
Inflammasomes and SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: Kaivola Juha , Nyman Tuula Anneli , Matikainen Sampsa
Published: December 2021

SARS-CoV-2 is a new type of coronavirus that has caused worldwide pandemic. The disease induced by SARS-CoV-2 is called COVID-19. A majority of people with COVID-19 have relatively mild respiratory symptoms. However, a small percentage of COVID-19 patients develop a severe disease where multiple organs are affected. These severe forms of SARS-CoV-2 infections are associated with excessive production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, so called “cytokine storm”. Inflammasomes, which are protein complexes of the innate immune system orchestrate development of local and systemic inflammation during virus infection. Recent data suggest involvement of inflammasomes in severe COVID-19. Activation of inflammasome exerts two major effects: it activates caspase-1-mediated processing and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18, and induces inflammatory cell death, pyroptosis, via protein called gasdermin D. Here, we provide comprehensive review of current understanding of the activation and possible functions of different inflammasome structures during SARS-CoV-2 infection and compare that to response caused by influenza A virus. We also discuss how novel SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines activate innate immune response, which is a prerequisite for the activation of protective adaptive immune response.
Could Fish Feeding Behaviour and Size Explain Prevalence Differences of the Nematode Eustrongylides excisus among Species? The Case Study of Lake Garda
Authors: Menconi Vasco , Tedesco Perla , Pastorino Paolo , Confortini Ivano , Esposito Giuseppe , Tomasoni Mattia , Mugetti Davide , Gustinelli Andrea , Dondo Alessandro , Pizzul Elisabetta , Fioravanti Maria Letizia , Prearo Marino
Published: December 2021

The nematode Eustrongylides excisus is a parasite of freshwater fish- and fish-eating birds, with known differences on prevalence values among fish species. Thus, the present study aims to explore the hypothesis that the feeding behavior and the size of fish belonging to different trophic levels could explain such differences. For that, 14 sampling sites were selected to perform a fish parasitological survey on Lake Garda (Italy) during spring-summer 2020. Amplification of nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA sequences of nematodes morphologically ascribable to the genus Eustrongylides allowed to identify them as E. excisus. From the five studied fish species (Perca fluviatilis, Lepomis gibbous, Coregonus lavaretus, Alosa fallax lacustris and Micropterus salmoides), only three presented the parasite E. excisus: P. fluviatilis, L. gibbous and M. salmoides, with significant differences in prevalence values among species (p = 0.002). Additionally, there were differences in prevalence values within the same fish species captured from different sampling sites. Findings showed that mainly piscivorous fish were positive for E. excisus and how the prevalence was highest in M. salmoides. As regard the fish size, a negative correlation between body size and E. excisus was found in P. fluviatilis due to the feeding habit of juvenile perch which feed mainly zooplankton and benthic invertebrates (i.e., oligochaetes, which are the first intermediate hosts of E. excisus). The study findings advance novel knowledge in the field of pathogens of zoonotic importance in the aquatic environment.
Hydrogeochemical Assessment of Groundwater and Suitability Analysis for Domestic and Agricultural Utility in Southern Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Iqbal Javed , Su Chunli , Rashid Abdur , Yang Nan , Baloch Muhammad Yousuf Jat , Talpur Shakeel Ahmed , Ullah Zahid , Rahman Gohar , Rahman Naveed Ur , Earjh Earjh , Sajjad Meer Muhammad
Published: December 2021

Groundwater is a critical water supply for safe drinking water, agriculture, and industry worldwide. In the Khanewal district of Punjab, Pakistan, groundwater has severely deteriorated during the last few decades due to environmental changes and anthropogenic activities. Therefore, 68 groundwater samples were collected and analyzed for their main ions and trace elements to investigate the suitability of groundwater sources for drinking and agricultural purposes. Principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) were employed to determine the major factors influencing groundwater quality. To assess the groundwater’s appropriateness for drinking and irrigation, drinking and agricultural indices were used. The pH of the groundwater samples ranged from 6.9 to 9.2, indicating that the aquifers were slightly acidic to alkaline. The major cations were distributed as follows: Na+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+ > K+. Meanwhile, the anions are distributed as follows: HCO3− > SO42− > Cl− > F−. The main hydrochemical facies were identified as a mixed type; however, a mixed magnesium, calcium, and chloride pattern was observed. The reverse ion exchange process helps in exchanging Na+ with Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions in the groundwater system. Rock weathering processes, such as the dissolution of calcite, dolomite, and gypsum minerals, dominated the groundwater hydrochemistry. According to the Weight Arithmetic Water Quality Index (WAWQI), 50% of the water samples were unsafe for drinking. The Wilcox diagram, USSL diagram, and some other agricultural indices resulted in around 32% of the groundwater samples being unsuitable for irrigation purposes. The Khanewal’s groundwater quality was vulnerable due to geology and the influence of anthropogenic activities. For groundwater sustainability in Khanewal, management strategies and policies are required.
Experimental hydrops of labyrinth
Authors: Kiselev Vladimir Vyacheslavovich , Pomukhin Dmitriy Valerievich
Published: December 2021

Difficulties in approbation of drugs for the treatment of vestibular dysfunction are associated with a lack of knowledge of the mechanisms of its development. In particular, it is necessary to take into account the initial state of the vestibular analyzer, which significantly affects the research results. Therefore, the modeling of pathological processes that manifest in vestibular dysfunction is the optimal method for studying both its mechanisms and the effectiveness of medications for its relief. Endolymphatic hydrops is found in most diseases manifested by peripheral vestibular syndrome. We have proposed several models of endolymphatic hydrops in rats to study various aspects of its pathogenesis and approbate means of treating vestibular dysfunction.
Evolution of the legislation in the field of public-and-private partnership agreements in the Russian Federation in 2021
Authors: Vasilyeva E. Yu.
Published: December 2021

The author of the article has been involved in the research, concerning such a funding mechanism as the agreements of public-and-private partnership for many years. This time, some regulatory legal acts, adopted in 2021, came under the spotlight. The article contains the brief review of the legal innovations and the reasoning on how they can influence the development of public-and-private partnership in our country as well as the implementation of the construction projects, financed through the public-and-private partnership agreements.
Páginas preliminares del Vol. 3 No. 3
Authors: Editorial Equipo
Published: December 2021

Páginas preliminares del Vol. 3 No. 3

Responsables de esta edición 

Pautas básicas del envio
Lista de árbitros, Volumen 3
Authors: Editorial Equipo
Published: December 2021

Lista de árbitros, responsables del Vol. 3
USING BIG DATA IN TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Olga Yurievna Bulatova
Published: December 2021

Presents the process of making strategic decisions based on the use of big data. A plan for op-timizing the functioning of the transport system using big data is also presented, which simplifies the implementation of the project: data integration, the launch of pilot projects, the creation of new tools and training of personnel take place in the context of a clear vision of a specific goal.
REDUCING THE LOSS OF WORKING TIME WHEN PERFORMING MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR OF CARS
Authors:   Perm SATU, Rinat Fidarisovich Shaikhov
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this study is to develop recommendations for improving labor productivity at a car service company by reducing the loss of working time. It is advisable to determine the loss of working time using the method of photography of the working day. As a result of the analysis of the company's activities, the most popular service was identified - repair of gearboxes. Using the ex-ample of this service, the distribution of the working hours of performers is shown, and unjustified losses are analyzed. To reduce them, a set of measures is proposed, involving additional prepara-tory and final operations with a labor intensity of 0.1 to 0.3 hours, which will reduce the labor in-tensity of the services provided by 9%.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF METHODS FOR STUDYING THE ADHESION OF ANTIFRICTION COATINGS FOR FRICTION UNITS OF AUTOMOTIVE TECHNOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGICAL MACHINES
Authors:   Orel State University, Maria Andreevna Tokmakova , Alexander Nikolaevich Novikov ,   Orel State University, Aleksey Yurievich Rodichev ,   Orel State University
Published: December 2021

The article presents a study of the adhesive strength of adhesion of thin solid antifriction coatings. A brief analysis of existing methods for determining the adhesive strength of thin anti-friction coatings is performed. The method is described and experiments are carried out using a universal-purpose breaking machine with an electronic force meter IR5047-50 and a portable ad-hesive meter of the «Constant A» model. A number of quantitative estimates of the adhesion strength of the antifriction coating with the base are obtained. Conclusions are made about the adhesion strength of the coating and methods for determining its adhesion. Recommendations on the application of methods for determining the adhesive strength of thin solid antifriction coatings are given.
TECHNOLOGIES OF AUTOMATED PASSENGERS COUNTING INSIDE HIGH-AUTOMATED VEHICLES OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT
Authors:   LLC «Transsensor», Alexander Alexandrovich Kudryavtsev , Francua Fumby Michelle ,   LLC «IRIS RUS»
Published: December 2021

Technological aspects are observed conserning high-automated public transport vehicles operation. The role of real-time information and automatic door closing of the unmanned vehicles is highlited. Also bescribed how automatic counting passengers can be used inside information services for passengers and for more presice controlling at managing «green lines» for proper filled buses and trams can be used.
MODEL OF ACTIVITY OF A CANDIDATE FOR DRIVERS IN THE SYSTEM «CADET-CAR-ROAD-TRAFFIC ENVIRONMENT»
Authors:   South-West State University, Еvgeny Viktorovich Ageev , Alexander Nikolaevich Novikov ,   Orel State University, Еvgeny Sergeevich Vinogradov ,   South-West State University
Published: December 2021

Presents a model of the activity of a candidate for drivers in the system «Cadet-Car-Road-Traffic environment». The main factors that have a direct impact on the formation of safe behavior skills while driving a vehicle at the stage of professional training of driving personnel are identified, which are: the probability of trouble-free, error-free, and timely performance of operator tasks.
Study of changes in the parameters of peripheral blood vessels of the arterial bed during an orthostatic test in hypoxic hypoxia
Authors: Lesova E.M. , Golubev V.N. , Korolev J.N.
Published: December 2021

There were performed studies of reovasography of the lower leg and foot pools to identify possible mechanisms of various reactions from the heart and Central hemodynamics in hypoxia to orthostatic load. The dependence of changes in the parameters of Central hemodynamics in response to various environmental factors on the properties of resistive vessels is shown.

Key words: The orthostasis, hypoxic exposure, rheovasography, rheographic index, vascular tone.
Features of changes in heart rate variability indices in driving school cadets with different levels of preparedness
Authors: Bebinov S.E. , Krivoshchekova O.N. , Nechaev A.V.
Published: December 2021

The research was carried out on two independent experimental groups of boys and girls. The first was observed in traffic conditions, the second during the period of auto-simulator training. The HRV indices were determined: HR - heart rate, IN - index of tension of regulatory systems, AMo - amplitude of the mode, LF/HF - index of vagosympathetic interaction. A pronounced sympathetic reaction of more prepared cadets to the training load with the subsequent restoration of the studied characteristics was revealed.

Key words: heart rate variability, autonomic regulation, vagosympathetic interaction, driver training, level of preparedness.
Normobaric interval hypoxytherapy in the correction of neuroimmunoendocrine disorders in children and adolescents with autoimmune thyroiditis
Authors: Abazova Z.Kh. , Ivanov A.B. , Borukaeva I.Kh. , Shkhagumov K.Yu.
Published: December 2021

130 children and adolescents aged 6 to 16 years with a diagnosis of autoimmune thy-roiditis (AIT) at the stage of hypothyroidism underwent a course of hypoxytherapy. The high ef-ficiency of the normobaric interval hypoxic training method in the treatment of hypothyroidism on the background of AIT is shown. An increase in the function and number of CD8+ cells after a course of hypoxytherapy prevents the progression of the autoimmune process and promotes the restoration of thyroid function, which in turn leads to positive dynamics in the neurological status of patients: improved indicators of mental performance and fine coordination of move-ments.

Key words: autoimmune thyroiditis, hypothyroidism, hypoxytherapy, interval hypoxic training, neuroimmunoendocrine disorders.
Analysis of energy expenditure of skiers across the preparatory phase
Authors: Bushmanova Е.А.
Published: December 2021

Energy expenditure was calculated at rest and during physical activity by indirect calorimetry using the Oxyson Pro system in 55 highly elite skiers. The results showed that in 75% of athletes, the measured rest energy expenditure were higher than the calculated rest energy expenditure by 20% and was 2139±363 kcal/day. Daily energy expenditure was 5347±907 kcal. In the structure of rest energy expenditure the part of carbohydrates was 67 % and fats was 33%. Generally, energy expenditure was more 5000 kcal. In addition, in our study, it was observed a progressive increase of contribution of carbohydrate oxidation in energy expenditure during high-intensity exercise.

Key words: energy expenditure, high-intensity exercise, carbohydrates, fats, skiers, indirect calorimetry.
RESEARCH OF THE FUNCTIONING SYSTEM OF THE LIGHTING MODE
Authors: Gulbinas A. , Shirokova D.
Published: December 2021

The article presents the results of a study carried out within the framework of a systematic approach using the "Wu Xing pentagram" symbolic method. The object of the research is the category of "lighting mode". The indicated category as a certain system are used. A diagram showing the life cycle of the "lighting mode" category is proposed. Five main components of the system have been identified based on the sequence of the formation of needs in the creation of a lighting regime in the room: investment, quantitative characteristics, quality characteristics, energy characteristics, maintenance and operating features. The characteristics of lighting installations and space-planning solutions in the main premises of preschool educational organizations are analyzed. The priority components for these premises are energy characteristics. Compliance with quantitative indicators depends on the efficiency of maintenance. The needs of aesthetic and emotional satisfaction are secondary, significant costs are not provided. Thus, it can be judged that in the premises presented, the development of the category of "lighting mode" follows the path of pathological restrictions As a result, a conclusion is made about the mechanism of functioning of the "lighting mode" category in accordance with the relations arising between its elements, namely, the relations of support or restriction. The research results can be used in the future when examining the quality of the light environment and monitoring the lighting conditions in the premises.
Analysis of the Identity Peculiarities of the Traditional Romanian Shirts from the Republic of Moldova
Authors: Cazac Viorica , Elena Ursu , Lucia Adascalita , Jana Cîrja
Published: December 2021

The traditional shirt/blouse, submitted in the traditional costume patrimony, is one of the most important elements that is valued by artistic and symbolic valences attributed to the creators that told, and still tell, with the help of a single needle and thread, their life stories, aspirations, explaining the connection between people and nature, the divine.
Non-Arbitrage Models of Financial Markets
Authors: Gonchar N. S.
Published: December 2021

In the first part of the paper, we construct the models of the complete non-arbitrage financial markets for a wide class of evolutions of risky assets.This construction is based on the observation that for a certain class of risky as set evolutions the martingale measure is invariant with respect to these evolutions. For such a financial market model the only martingale measure being equivalent to an initial measure is built. On such a financial market,formulas for the fair price of contingent liabilities are presented. A multi-parameter model of the financial market is proposed, the martingale measure of which does not depend on the parameters of the model of the evolution of risky assets and is the only one.
El sistema financiero y su incidencia en el clima organizacional de las empresas públicas y privadas del Ecuador
Authors: Pérez Sisa Fernando Gustavo , Penna Ricardo Bautista , Morales López David Alexander
Published: December 2021

En el Ecuador, las organizaciones que forman parte del sector económico popular y solidario se encuentran registradas de forma individual o colectiva, desarrollando procesos de comercialización, intercambio, consumo y financiamiento de bienes o servicios. Las entidades financieras, sean de la economía popular y solidaria o de la superintendencia de bancos y seguros, se convierten en intermediarios entre los clientes y el uso que estos le den a su dinero, ganando comisiones o intereses por los servicios financieros. El 66.6% de las entidades financieras en el Ecuador corresponden a cooperativas de ahorro y crédito, el 18.6% corresponden a cajas de ahorro, 6.2% bancos comunales, el 5.3% cajas comunales, el 2.9% bancos y el 0.5% a mutualistas de ahorro y crédito. En este sentido, el sistema financiero aporta al clima organizacional con un amplio número de herramientas para el desarrollo de sus colaboradores, de tal modo que el 78% de las grandes empresas en el país manejan un proceso asociativo para los colaboradores que les permita realizar ahorros y crédito, permitiéndoles contar con efectivo y fuentes de financiamiento continuo, estas alianzas permiten a los trabajadores contar con una amplia frontera de posibilidades y fuentes de capital.
MODERN DIAGNOSIS OF PLACENTAL DYSFUNCTION AND ITS COMPLICATIONS
Authors: Lazurenko V.V. , Borzenko I.B. , Lyashchenko O.A. , Ovcharenko O.B. , Tertyshnyk D.Yu.
Published: December 2021

The aim of the study was to improve the modern diagnosis of placental dysfunction and its complications.

Materials and methods. The study involved a prospective survey of 70 pregnant women divided into the main group (pregnant women with placental dysfunction) (n = 50) and the control group (n = 20). The main group was divided into subgroups of pregnant women with placental dysfunction and fetal growth retardation (n = 30) and pregnant women with placental dysfunction without fetal growth retardation (n = 20). The control group comprised 20 pregnant women with physiological gestation. Apart from history taking, the study comprised obstetric and general clinical examination, evaluation of endothelium- dependent vasodilation, serum concentrations of soluble forms of vascular and platelet- endothelial molecules of cell adhesion 1, indicators of athrombogenicity of the vascular growth wall, uterine-placental-fetal blood circulation, pathomorphological and histometric examination of the placenta.

Results. Based on the obtained clinical-morphological and endotheliotropic criteria, a personalized clinical algorithm for managing pregnant women with placental dysfunction was developed and implemented.

Conclusions. Assessment of pregnancy results in a prospective clinical study showed that the proposed algorithm for personalization of the risk of perinatal abnormalities not only helped to avoid antenatal mortality, but also to prevent intranatal and early neonatal losses in patients with placental dysfunction and fetal growth retardation.
Flucht und Religion. Religiöse Verortungen und Deutungsprozesse von Kindern und Eltern mit Fluchterfahrungen
Authors: Konz Britta , Rohde-Abuba Caterina
Published: December 2021

Auf Grundlage einer interdisziplinären qualitativ-empirischen Studie mit muslimischen, christlichen und ezidischen Familien widmet sich dieses Buch der Bedeutung von Religion für die Bewältigung (Coping) traumatisierender Erlebnisse in Fluchtprozessen. Mithilfe des Konzepts der VulnerAbility zeigt dieses Buch, wie die Kinder und ihre Eltern durch ihren Glauben und die Zugehörigkeit zu einer Religionsgemeinschaft (Belonging) Handlungsfähigkeit im Sinne einer Agency generieren. In individuellen Adaptionsleistungen passen sie ihr religiöses Erbe, das sich in Gottesbildern und religiösen Relevanzsystemen offenbart, sinnstiftend an neue Lebenskontexte an. Dies erlaubt ihnen durch einen Rückgriff auf ihren Glauben positive Zukunftsimaginationen zu entwickeln, auch wenn sie Religionszugehörigkeiten als Gegenstand gesellschaftlicher Konfliktlinien erlebt haben, die im Herkunftskontext, auf den Fluchtwegen und im deutschen Asylsystem durch Praktiken der Diskriminierung etabliert werden.
THE HINDU KUSH EARTHQUAKE on October 26, 2015 with Mw=7.5, I0~7: PRELIMINARY SEISMICITY and AFTERSHOCK SEQUENCE
Authors: Mikhailova R. , Ulubieva T. , Petrova N.
Published: December 2021

On October 26, 2015, a strong Hindu Kush earthquake with KR=17.0, Mw=7.5 occurred in the Afghan Pamir-Hindu Kush subzone at a depth of hpP=217 km. Shakes of varying intensity caused by this earthquake were recorded in settlements of 14 states: Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Pakistan, Turkmenistan, India, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, China, Iran, Nepal, United Arab Emirates, Russia, Qatar and Bangladesh with
a total area of S=14106 km2. The earthquake was preceded by three large (KR=12.5, 12.1, 14.0) foreshocks and was accompanied by a series of more than 1400 aftershocks unprecedented for aftershocks of deep earthquakes with KR=9–13. The energy step between the mainshock and the maximum foreshock is Kfor=3.0, between the mainshock and the maximum (KR=12.8) aftershock – Kaft=4.2. The aftershock recurrence graph has a slope =–0.67, which in absolute value is higher than the average value in the region =0.50. The attenuation para-meter  of the Omori law in the initial phase of attenuation, =–1.26, in absolute value is also higher than the average =1.0 for strong earthquakes in the World. Based on the results of a joint analysis of the focal me-chanism solutions of different agencies and vertical sections along and across the aftershock cloud, it was con-cluded that an upthrust movement occurred in the source along a steep east-south-east nodal plane, dipping to the south. The reason for the activity at the site of the earthquake is the movement of the Indian continent to the north and its collision with Eurasia, as a result of which the separation and subduction of the Hindu Kush plate continue. The Hindu Kush earthquake on October 26, 2015, and its aftershocks are just one of the events of successive deformation and stress relief in the latitudinal zone, marked in 2015 by the migration of earthquake epicenters with KR=13–17 from east to west.
Pengujian Kuat Lentur Dan Kuat Tekan Kayu Sengon Dengan Mengunakan Lapisan/ Coating Resin
Authors: Morena Yenita , Tanjung Ermiyati , Novan Andre , Novianti Yolanda
Published: December 2021

Pengujian kuat lentur dan kuat tekan kayu adalah pengujian yang didasarkan pada sifat-sifat mekanik kayu yaitu menahan tarikan dan tekanan. Hal ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelas kayu dan besar perubahan nilai kuat lentur dan kuat tekan kayu sengon solid dengan kayu sengon setelah diberi lapisan zat resin. Pada pengujian ini dilakukan tiga variasi yang berbeda dimana setiap pengujian kuat lentur dan kuat tekan yaitu, kuat lentur kayu solid, kuat lentur kayu coating dengan resin 1 lapis dan kuat lentur kayu coating resin 2 lapis. Begitu juga dengan pengujian kuat tekan dilakukan variasi yang sama serperti pengujian kuat lentur. Pada setiap pengujian ini diperoleh kelas kayu adalah kayu kelas III, dan persentase rata-rata kenaikan kuat lentur kayu coating resin 1 lapis adalah sebesar 17,97 MPa atau sekitar 0,4 % dari nilai kuat lentur kayu solid, sedangkan persentase rata-rata kenaikan kuat lentur kayu coating resin 2 lapis adalah sebesar 23,40 MPa atau sekitar 0,5 %. Dan untuk pengujian kuat tekan kayu coating resin 1 lapis mengalami penurunan sebesar 0,77 MPa, atau sekitar 0,02 % dari kuat tekan kayu solid, sedangkan pada pengujian kuat tekan kayu coating resin 2 lapis mengalami penurunan sebesar 1,53 MPa, atau sekitar 0,04 % dari nilai kuat tekan kayu solid.
TECHNICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS FOR PREPARING
FLAX RAW MATERIALS FOR PROCESSING
Authors: Вerezovsky Yu. , Kuzmina T. , Yedynovych M. , Boyko G. , Lyalina N. , Holovenko T.
Published: December 2021

The article contains theoretical and experimental researches in the field of the preservation of flax raw material of high moisture content. In the article, factors that are worsening the quality of flax raw material, resulting in non-observance of agrotechnical and technological requirements of preparing, collecting, harvesting the stem material, adverse weather conditions and other factors, are considered. The objective of this paper is to study the influence of preservation agents’ concentrations and of hollow structure device on the quality of flax raw material during long-time storage. In the article, the influence of aqueous preservatives’ concentration, humidity, storage length on the quality of fibrous products, obtained as a result of processing stem material, is analyzed. The influence of the device of hollow structures, as an alternative to preservatives, on the storage process of bast crops stem material was evaluated. The method of flax retted straw storage is described, actions of the main factors influence on the strength of fibers are analyzed. It is demonstrated, that prolongation of flax raw material preservation time can be made by using preservatives without considerable wastes of quality.
Life cycle cost analysis on anti-corrosion coatings for steel bridges in Japan
Authors: Hirohata Mikihito , Nakahara Tomonori , Jármai Károly
Published: December 2021

A series of surveys on the cost and durability of anti-corrosion coatings for steel bridges used in Japan was performed. The life cycle cost of anti-corrosion coatings for steel bridges during their design service periods was examined under different corrosion environments. The combinations of heavy-duty paint coating system as initial coating and the same coating system as repair coating showed the lowest cost when the short interval applied for the repair work. The metal coatings might be reasonable under severe corrosion environments due to their high durability.
Experimental and theoretical investigation of acetone evaporation
Authors: Tugyi Levente , Siménfalvi Zoltán , Szepesi L. Gábor
Published: December 2021

In the case of flammable liquids, it is known that is not the liquid itself that is prone to ignition, but the vapour of the hazardous substance. For these substances, it is particularly important to be able to determine exactly how much vapour is produced and how it spreads. The substance to be tested is acetone. That is a common substance in households in various forms (cosmetics), but is also frequently used in the chemical industry. Different models are available for calculating the evaporation rate, which are compared in this study with the evaporation experiments carried out. The aim is to select a suitable model in relation to the measured results.
Particle separation of a modified feed nozzle hydrocyclone under different operating parameters
Authors: Hegyes Zsolt , Petrik Máté , Szepesi L. Gábor
Published: December 2021

During the operation of the hydrocyclone the cut size diameter is the most important data. This is connected to feed rate, which is closely related to the feed cross section. Preliminary research has revealed that square cross-section is more effective than circular cross-section. The research compared 2 types of feed cross sections at 5 different feed rates. One is a standard rectangular cross-section and the other is a square cross-section that narrows with a baffle plate. Preliminary calculations for cut size diameter have shown that better particle separation at all speeds can be achieved with the baffle plate solution. In both types, the increased velocity created decreased cut size diameter. During the simulation, the baffle plate did not cause any abnormalities in the internal pressure and velocity distributions. The simulation revealed that the particles did not behave as previously calculated.
A digitalizáció fejlődésének hatásai a polgári perbeli bizonyításra
Authors: Zámpori Anna
Published: December 2021

Az elektronikus-digitális rendszerek bevezetése és folyamatos fejlesztése, korunk egyik legdinamikusabban fejlődő területe, jelen van életünk szinte minden területén. Alkalmazásuk napjainkra evidenssé vált a mindennapos ügyintézés során és már a jogi eljárásokban is. A mesterséges intelligencia és a digitalizáció különböző jogászi tevékenységtípusokban, illetőleg különböző jogterületeken és jogintézményekkel kapcsolatos megjelenését és hatását manapság sokan és sokféle szempontból elemzik, a felmerülő problémák köre rendkívül színes és szinte végtelen. Jelen tanulmány a digitalizációnak a polgári perbeli bizonyításra gyakorolt hatásait teszi vizsgálat tárgyává.
К вопросу об эффективности организации физкультурно-оздоровительной и спортивной деятельности в школе
Authors: Фихтер О.В.
Published: December 2021

Современное состояние системы школьного образования требует пристального внимания к содержанию и организации физкультурно-оздоровительной и спортивной деятельности в условиях образовательного учреждения. Классическая система физического воспитания нуждается в расширении границ физкультурно-оздоровительной и спортивной работы с целью обеспечения необходимого уровня физического состояния обучающихся в школе.
Environmental Strategies to Promote Appropriate Behaviors and Social Interaction in Young Children
Authors: Balikci Serife
Published: December 2021

Research suggests an increase in challenging behaviors among young children in early care and education settings (Granja et al., 2018). Challenging behaviors in early years are among the strongest predictors of more serious problem behaviors later in life (Brennan et al., 2015). High-quality, safe, responsive, and nurturing early care and education environments are critical to support development, engagement, and learning of young children with and without disabilities. Well-organized and engaging classroom environments help to prevent or decrease rates of challenging behaviors of young children by promoting appropriate behaviors and social interactions (Powell et al., 2006). Unfortunately, many practitioners working in early care and education settings are unsure how to create environments that support children’s engagement and prevent challenging behaviors they exhibit (Steed and Roach, 2017). This practice brief offers recommendations and strategies for practitioner to design more engaging and developmentally appropriate classroom environments to support appropriate behaviors and prevent challenging behaviors of young children.
Measurement of polarization effects in dual-phase ceria-based oxygen permeation membranes using Kelvin probe force microscopy
Authors: Neuhaus Kerstin , Schmidt Christina , Fischer Liudmila , Meulenberg Wilhelm Albert , Ran Ke , Mayer Joachim , Baumann Stefan
Published: December 2021

In this study, a dual phase composite (CSO-FC2O) consisting of 60 vol % Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9 as oxygen-conductive phase and 40 vol % FeCo2O4 as electron-conductive phase was synthesized. TEM measurements showed a relatively pure dual-phase material with only minor amounts of a tertiary (Sm,Ce)(Fe,Co)O3 perovskite phase and isolated residues of a rock salt phase at the grain boundaries. The obtained material was used as a model to demonstrate that a combination of polarization relaxation measurements and Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM)-based mapping of the Volta potential before and after the end of polarization can be used to determine the chemical diffusion coefficient of the ceria component of the composite. The KPFM measurements were performed at room temperature and show diffusion coefficients in the range of 3 × 10−13 cm2·s−1, which is comparable to values measured for single-phase Gd-doped ceria thin films using the same method.
A photochemical C=C cleavage process: toward access to backbone N-formyl peptides
Authors: Wang Haopei , Ball Zachary T
Published: December 2021

Photo-responsive modifications and photo-uncaging concepts are useful for spatiotemporal control of peptides structure and function. While side chain photo-responsive modifications are relatively common, access to photo-responsive modifications of backbone N–H bonds is quite limited. This letter describes a new photocleavage pathway, affording N-formyl amides from vinylogous nitroaryl precursors under physiologically relevant conditions via a formal oxidative C=C cleavage. The N-formyl amide products have unique properties and reactivity, but are difficult or impossible to access by traditional synthetic approaches.
Stability analysis of heat transfer in nanomaterial flow of boundary layer towards a shrinking surface: Hybrid nanofluid versus nanofluid
Authors: Rehman Aqeel ur , Abbas Zaheer
Published: December 2021

Many boundary value problems (BVPs) have dual solutions in some cases containing one stable solution (upper branch) while other unstable (lower branch). In this paper, MHD flow and heat transfer past a shrinking sheet is studied for three distinct fluids: kerosene hybrid nanofluid, kerosene nanofluid, and kerosene nanofluid. The partial differential equations (PDEs) are turned into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using an appropriate transformation and then dual solutions are obtained analytically by employing the Least Square method (LSM). Moreover, stability analysis is implemented on the time-dependent case by calculating the least eigenvalues using Matlab routine bvp4c. It is noticed that negative eigenvalue is related to unstable solution i.e., it provides initial progress of disturbance and positive eigenvalue is related to stable solution i.e., the disturbance in solution decline initially. The impacts of various parameters, skin friction coefficient, and local Nusselt number for dual solutions are presented graphically. It is also noted that the results obtained for hybrid nanofluids are better than ordinary nanofluids.
License to Heal: Understanding a Healthcare Platform Organization as a Multi-Level Surveillant Assemblage
Authors: Vicdan Handan , Pérezts Mar , Fırat Asım Fuat
Published: December 2021

Platform organizations bring renewed attention to power disparities and risks in the rise of surveillance capitalism. However, such critical accounts provide a partial understanding of the complexity of surveillance phenomena in such shifting socio-technical and digital environments. The findings from a netnographic investigation of a healthcare platform organization, PatientsLikeMe, unravel how platforms become the locus where multi-level flows of surveillance converge, thereby constituting what we identify as a surveillant assemblage. We develop a comprehensive approach for understanding how platforms constitute a dynamic crossroads of micro-, meso- and macro-surveillance phenomena within and beyond the online communities they create. This study highlights this surveillant assemblage’s emerging practices and potentially empowering outcomes that enable multi-stakeholder involvement in big data and knowledge generation in healthcare. Broader implications of multi-level surveillance in and through platforms are discussed.