bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How Does the Position of the Wedge Influence the Tibial Slope After High Tibial Osteotomy?
Authors: Antri Ismail El , Belkhayat K. , Bennis A. , Zaddoug O. , Benchakroun M. , Bouabid S. , Boussouga M. , Chagar B. , Fadili M.
Published: September 2024

Open-wedge high tibial osteotomy often results in an increase in the tibial slope. Factors responsible for this increase are not clearly defined. The purpose of this study is to assess the influence of the position of the wedge on the changes of the tibial slope. This monocentric retrospective study included 87 patients with symptomatic isolated medial osteoarthritis of the knee. All patients were operated with open-wedge high tibial osteotomy with locked plate fixation. Tibial slope was measured on lateral x-ray of the tibia referring to posterior tibial cortex. The position of the wedge was estimated by measuring the distance between the posterior tibial cortex and the posterior lower part of the wedge. Measurements were performed by the same observer using Carestream® software. Data were analyzed with the SPSS 20 statistical software. Mean tibial slope was 6,03° preoperatively and 5,98° postoperatively with a non-significant decrease of 0,05°. Mean distance between the wedge and the posterior tibial cortex was 9,02mm, there was a significant correlation between this distance and the change in tibial slope (p<0,001) (R=0,73). However, there was no significant correlation between preoperative varus, degree of correction, age or BMI and changes in tibial slope. So, we recommend, during open-wedge high tibial osteotomy, to place the wedge in the posterior part of the osteotomy to avoid an increase in tibial slope and ensure better knee function.
Pregnancy Associated with Gallstones Disease
Authors: Mollah Dr. Abu Sayed , Akter Dr. Saida , Alam Dr. Mohammad Shahidul , Bhowmik Dr. Juthi
Published: September 2024

Background: Gallstone disease during pregnancy can lead to significant maternal and fetal complications. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence, symptomatology, management strategies, and pregnancy outcomes associated with gallstones in pregnant women at Ashulia Women and Children Hospital (AWCH), Dhaka, Bangladesh. Methods: This prospective observational study included 100 pregnant women diagnosed with gallstones between July 2022 and June 2024 at AWCH. Data were collected on demographic characteristics, symptoms, management approaches, and pregnancy outcomes. Descriptive statistics were used for analysis. Result: The study population had a mean age of 30 years, with the majority being multiparous (60%) and in the 25-34 year age group (50%). Abdominal pain was the most common symptom (83%), followed by nausea and vomiting (50%) and indigestion (40%). Conservative management was the primary approach (60%), with 25% receiving medication and 15% undergoing surgical intervention. Successful outcomes were achieved in 14 of 15 surgical cases, including laparoscopic and open cholecystectomy. Pregnancy outcomes were generally favorable, with 85% of pregnancies resulting in full-term births. Preterm births occurred in 10% of cases, and stillbirths were reported in 5%. Maternal complications included postoperative infections (6%) and hepatitis (3%). Conclusion: Gallstone disease during pregnancy predominantly presents with abdominal pain and is managed effectively with conservative or surgical approaches. While the majority of pregnancies resulted in full-term births, there were notable complications, emphasizing the need for careful management and follow-up.
Gallbladder Carcinoma: A Review of Literature
Authors: Kulshrestha Manish , Mishra Ashish , Velumani Yogapriya
Published: September 2024

Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is the most common cancer of the biliary tract but the sixth most common cancer of the gastrointestinal tract. This tumor has a very high death rate. It is impossible to emphasize how crucial early diagnosis is because GBC grows subtly when it is discovered later. A number of environmental and genetic factors have been linked to the beginning of GBC. Environmental variables such as cholelithiasis, chronic inflammation of the biliary tract, and parasite infections are known to have a substantial impact on the development of gallbladder cancer. Congenital causes include abnormalities in the pancreaticobiliary duct junction and biliary cysts. Over the last ten years, advancements in imaging technology coupled with a more aggressive and drastic surgical approach have enhanced patient outcomes and contributed to longer survival times for GBC patients. This review article focuses on the epidemiology of GBC, its risk factors, and clinical characteristics.
Typology of Terminal Colon at the Chu of Point G in Bamako
Authors: S Diallo , S Kanté , M Sissoko , S Touré C.A. , A Kanté , S Diarra , D Traoré
Published: September 2024

Purpose: To describe the morphometric types of the terminal colon. Patients and Methods: This was an anatomical study by laparotomy for the terminal colon on 7 living subjects and by anatomical dissection on 8 fresh cadaveric subjects in the department of surgery B of the CHU of Point G and in the anatomy laboratory of the faculties of medicine of odonto-stomatology (FMOS) and pharmacy (FAPH) of Bamako from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2019 or 2 years. Patients without a mass on the terminal recto-colonic junction or volvulus of the terminal colon or abdominopelvic mass on the terminal colon and fresh cadavers declared unknown without a laparotomy scar coming from Bamako University Hospitals or Reference Centers (CS Réf) were included in this study. Results: We investigated 15 cases, including 7 live cases and 8 cadavers. Males accounted for 60% (n=9) and females 40% (n=6), i.e. a sex ratio of 1.5. Mean age was 47.14 ±15.57 years. The mean length of the terminal colon was 41.79 cm±13.37. The mean length of the terminal mesocolon was 11.18 cm. The maximum height of the terminal mesocolon averaged 10.70 cm ± 3.61 cm. There were 46.72% (n=7) medium-form cases, 33.30% (n=5) short-form cases and 19.98% (n=3) long-form cases. Conclusion: The terminal colon can be short, medium or long, depending on its length and the height of its meso.
Management of Craniocerebral Injuries in the Neurosurgery Department
Authors: Arnold Dr. Mukowa Mukendi , Hasna Pr. Abdourafiq , Farid Pr. Zahrou , Farouk Pr. Hajhouji , Mehdi Pr. Laghmari , Houssi Pr. Ghannane , Benali Pr. Said Ait
Published: September 2024

The authors describe a retrospective study about 257 cases of cranio-cerebral wounds collected over a period of 7 years (2017 to 2024) in the neurosurgery department of CHU Mohammed IV of Marrakech. The craniocerebral wounds represent 19% of all head injuries. The male is very significant (75%). The average age was 28.6 years. Accidents highway is the major cause (44%) and assaults (35%). The majority of patients were admitted during weekends and summer months. On admission, 34.24% of head injuries were severe (GCS ≤ 8), signs deficits were noted in 17% of cases and autonomic disorders in 21.4%. scaner brain was performed in all patients, it has detected the CPC and the lesions associated with intracranial contusion ranked first with 42.39%. The therapeutic management consisted of medical treatment associated with surgery. (Craniotomy+ recovery plan dural and skin). The postoperative course was excellent in 84% cases while in 16% of complications occurred and dominated by neurological deficits.
Hourglass Neuroma
Authors: Arnold Mukowa Mukendi , Farouk Hajhouji , Mehdi Laghmari , Houssine Ghannane , Said Ait Benali
Published: September 2024

The surgical strategy for a neuroma located in the mid or lower cervical spine is more complicated and the selection of the most appropriate approach remains controversial. this case provides clarification on the surgical decision or strategy to be taken by referring to the Asazuma classification. We report an exceptional case of intradural, extradural and paravertebral spinal neuroma of the second cervical vertebra. This is a 57-year-old woman who presents with a laterocervical mass and functional impotence of four limbs for 5 months with reduction in the perimeter of steps in whom there is a spinal syndrome and spastic tetraparesis with a pyramidal syndrome in all four limbs. The posterior approach was used. MRI is currently the main imaging examination allowing not only an early positive diagnosis but also the differential diagnosis and especially the surgical planning.
Post-Operative Spondylodiscitis in a Patient at Mohammed VI University Hospital/Marrakech (Morocco)
Authors: Arnold Dr Mukowa Mukendi , Farouk Pr Hajhouji , Mehdi Pr Laghmari , Houssi Pr Ghannane , Benali Pr Said Ait
Published: September 2024

Post-operative infections complicate 1 to 10% of spine surgeries and frequently cause disabling chronic painful after-effects. This is the leading cause of re-operation in the first month post-operatively. This is a 47-year-old female patient who underwent spinal surgery and then became superinfected, presenting for back pain in a febrile and general conservation context in whom the clinical examination noted cauda equina syndrome. The paraclinical assessment allowed us to isolate the staphylococcus aureus and an imaging study concluded to post-operative spondylodiscitis. Faced with this picture, an emergency surgical indication was made and the postoperative outcomes were satisfactory. In short, cauda equina syndrome remains a surgical emergency.
A Rare Case of Right Aortic Arch, Evaluation Using CT
Authors: Auhmani S. , Taoufiki S. , Slioui B. , Doulhousne H. , Bellasri S. , Hammoune N. , Mouhcine A.
Published: September 2024

This case report discusses a 76-year-old male with a right aortic arch and an aberrant retroesophageal left subclavian artery, identified during a CT scan. The imaging revealed Kommerell's diverticulum without affecting the pulmonary trunk. Classified as type II, this variant emphasizes the role of CT in diagnosing congenital thoracic aortic anomalies, often missed by echocardiography.
Sacrococcygeal Chordoma: A Clinical and Imaging Review
Authors: Chafi Khalil , Bellamlih Habib , Bijbij Ayman , Bentaher Amine , Belabbes Soufiane , Africha Taoufik
Published: September 2024

Sacrococcygeal chordoma is a rare, locally aggressive malignant tumor originating from remnants of the notochord, and it represents the most common primary malignancy of the sacrum. This review provides an in-depth discussion of the clinical presentation, pathological features, imaging characteristics, and management of sacrococcygeal chordomas. These tumors typically present with local pain, neurological deficits, and a palpable mass, and they are known for their high recurrence rate and challenging surgical management. Imaging, especially MRI, is crucial for accurate diagnosis and surgical planning, given its ability to delineate the extent of the tumor and its relationship with surrounding structures. Complete surgical excision remains the cornerstone of treatment, with prognosis largely depending on the ability to achieve negative surgical margins. We present a case of a 45-year-old male who presented with bowel and bladder dysfunction and a painful, progressively enlarging mass over the sacrum. MRI revealed a large, well-defined soft tissue mass involving the distal sacrum and coccyx, extending into the retrorectal space. The patient underwent successful en bloc surgical resection, and histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of chondroid chordoma.
Comparative Study between Continuous and Interrupted Suturing in Laparoscopic Pyeloplasty
Authors: Ali Dr. Md. Ibrahim , Islam Dr. Md Majedul , Moula Dr. S.M. Golam , Parvez Dr. M.M. Hasnat , Badruddoza Dr. A. S. M.
Published: September 2024

Background: Ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) is a common cause of symptomatic ureteral obstruction. Dismembered pyeloplasty is the most commonly employed procedure for the repair of UPJO. Both interrupted and continuous suturing is being practiced in laparoscopy. As satisfactory anastomosis determines the success of dismembered pyeloplasty and recovery of renal function, the success rate and the complications associated with the suturing technique need to be evaluated. Objective: To compare the outcome between continuous and interrupted suturing in laparoscopic pyeloplasty. Methods: This hospital-based, quasi-experimental study was done in the Department of Urology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH), Dhaka and the National Institute of Kidney Diseases & Urology (NIKDU), Dhaka from July 2022- June 2023. A total of 60 patients were purposively selected for the study. According to the suture method for ureteropelvic anastomosis, patients were divided into two groups: 30 patients (group A) underwent surgery with the continuous suture method, and 30 patients (group B) underwent surgery with the interrupted suture method. Data on suturing time, post-operative drain output, post-operative hospital stay and post-operative complications were collected. Patients were followed up at 01, 03 and 06 months. At 06 months, a DTPA renogram with split GFR was done to evaluate the patients. Results: The mean ages were 30.0 (±8.3) years for Group A and 33.9 (±9.3) years for Group B, with males comprising 56.7% and 63.3% of each group, respectively. Group B had significantly higher mean suturing time, post-operative drain output, and hospital stay compared to Group A (p<0.001). No significant differences in GFR were noted between the groups (p>0.05). Post-operative complications were observed in 10.0% of Group A and 23.3% of Group B (p=0.166). Conclusion: Continuous suturing technique for pyeloplasty is found to have a lower mean suturing time, mean drain output and post-operative hospital stay.
Gymnema Sylvestre- An Indian Drug in Homoeopathy
Authors: Tripathy Dr. Tridibesh , Das Professor Shankar , Singh Prof. D.P. , Dwivedi Prof. Rakesh , Byomakesh Prof. , Sahu Prof, D.R. , Prusty Dr. Umakant , Pradhan Dr. Pramod Bihari , Pattanaik Dr. Jeevan Krushna , Pandey Dr. S.N. , Tripathy Anjali , Tripathy Ms. Sanskriti , Singh Mr. Ranvijay
Published: September 2024

When we discuss homoeopathy, invariably the Indian drugs are an integral part of homoeopathic material medica. Out of the leading 50 drugs of Indian origin, one drug that the article discusses the drug ‘Gymnema Sylvestre’. The common name of this plant is ‘Gurmar’ in hindi language which means ‘sugar killer’. This indicates its ancient use in diabetes since the last 2000 years. The article looks into the scientific aspects of the drug, human proving of the drug in homoeopathy & the various literatures that mentions about drug. The future use of the drug in the Non Communicable Disease like diabetes on a large scale will only benefit the masses. The drug is cost effective, therapeutically active with no side effects & these properties only augur well for its large scale application. For the benefit of the masses, the homoeopathic perspective, use, method of preparation is described. The authority books of homoeopathic material medica & the encyclopedia of homoeopathy are referred in the article.
A Review article: Topical Drug Delivery System (Skin)
Authors: Suza Hiba Mohammed Suza , Kamal Balkis Ahmed , Abdalrazaq Nadeem Abdalsatar , Rashid Asmaa M , Tbeekh Haifa T. Abu , Hussein Reem G , Khafeef Hawraa K
Published: September 2024

In general; many approaches found to delivered the drug to the site of action, one of these approaches used the skin barrier as a rout to reach the drug to the local or systemic targeting; Both local and transdermal drug product are intended for external use (applied on the skin). It was localized action on one or more layers of the skin, or may reach to the systemic circulation to get systemic effect. So, in this review authors aimed to highlight on the anatomy of the skin layers epidermis, dermis and hypodermis (to know the way of the drug transport), drug application, drug penetration through the skin, factors affecting on the skin drug absorption, advantage of this rout and limitation of the drug delivery system; in addition to mention to many examples of this dosage forms are used in drug delivery system. Finally, this approach of drug delivery system is widely used and preferred from the patient at any life stages because of its improved the patient compliance and decreased the side effects of drugs in addition to easy rout of admiration and avoid pain and suitable to patient with swallowed problem.
Utilização da Tomografia Computadorizada de Alta Resolução (TCAR) no Diagnóstico Precoce de Fibrose Pulmonar Idiopática (FPI)
Authors: Luis Barros André , Carvalho Geovanna Pozzebon , Santos Maria Clara Balica , Medeiros Rosane Pereira , Borges Vitória Karoline Magalhães , Gomes Marcelo Feitosa Batista , Pompeu Márcio Gomes , Fraportti Wemily Rebello , De Sousa Danyelly Almeida , De Araújo Ravyne Saraiva , De Sousa Nayane Karoline Barros , Carvalho Vitória Mendes
Published: September 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a aplicação da Tomografia Computadorizada de Alta Resolução (TCAR) no diagnóstico precoce da Fibrose Pulmonar Idiopática (FPI), o qual enfatiza sua eficácia na identificação de sinais iniciais da doença e discute acerca das suas vantagens e limitações em comparação com outros métodos diagnósticos. Este estudo é uma revisão integrativa da literatura que analisa os avanços e perspectivas da Tomografia Computadorizada de Alta Resolução (TCAR) no diagnóstico precoce de Fibrose Pulmonar Idiopática (FPI). A pesquisa foi realizada nas bases Google Acadêmico, Scielo e PubMed, utilizando os descritores "Doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica", "Fibrose Pulmonar", "Diagnóstico por imagem" e "Tomografia computadorizada de emissão". Foram incluídos artigos publicados entre 2020 e 2024, em português ou inglês, com acesso completo e relevância direta ao tema. Excluíram-se teses, dissertações, artigos pagos ou incompletos e materiais fora do período estabelecido. Os resultados mostram que a TCAR é eficaz no diagnóstico precoce da Fibrose Pulmonar Idiopática (FPI), com alta sensibilidade e especificidade para identificar padrões intersticiais iniciais. No entanto, limitações surgem em pacientes com comorbidades ou dificuldades no exame, destacando a importância de uma abordagem cuidadosa na interpretação dos achados. A TCAR é um avanço significativo no diagnóstico precoce da Fibrose Pulmonar Idiopática (FPI), permitindo a detecção de lesões pulmonares iniciais e o início rápido do tratamento. Estudos comprovam sua eficácia, mas é necessário considerar suas limitações, especialmente em pacientes com dificuldades para realizar o exame. A colaboração entre radiologia, pneumologia e equipes multidisciplinares é crucial para o uso eficaz da TCAR, e avanços tecnológicos futuros prometem aprimorar ainda mais essa ferramenta diagnóstica.
DENTISTS' PLANNING PREFERENCES FOR REMOVABLE DENTURES AND OBSERVED COMPLICATIONS IN THEIR PATIENTS: A QUESTIONNAIRE-BASED STUDY
Authors: YILDIRIM Levent
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Purpose: The aim of this study is to examine the practice preferences of general dentists regarding removable partial denture (RPD) treatment, to determine various complaints and problems observed in their patients, and to investigate the relationship of these cases with the experiences and institutional working methods of the dentists. Study design: A questionnaire-based study. Materials and Methods: A 13-question questionnaire was administered to 161 general dentists between October 1 and November 31, 2019. The questionnaire consists of questions regarding the dentists' RPD treatment practice preferences, complaints of the patients after the application of these dentures, and the complications that develop. Results: The most common complaints of patients using clasp-retained dentures were; loosening of the clasp (77.0%), caries in the abutment teeth (50.9%), clasp fracture (47.2%) and aesthetic problems (44.1%). The most common complaint in precision attachment dentures was determined to be loosening of the retainer element (70.2%). The most common complication in such dentures was reported as loosening of the retainer element (67.1%). When the professional experiences of the dentists are examined; the rate of gum problems in patients using clasp retained and precision attachment RPD by dentists with 10 years or less of experience was found to be significantly higher in both types of dentures compared to the patient rates of dentists with more than 10 years of experience (p=0.012). Conclusion: The findings obtained from the present study show that the majority of general dentists prefer clasp retained RPDs, and the most common problems encountered in these dentures are loosening of the retainer element, caries and mobility in the support teeth. In addition, it was observed that dentists with less experience and working in private clinics encountered more complaints and problems in patients who had RPD treatment.
Keywords: Dentist, removable partial denture, precision attachment, clasp retained, questionnaire.
BISPHOSPHONATE IN DENTİSTRY
Authors: Gunduz Alpaslan
Published: September 2024

Abstract
 
Bisphosphonates are widely used in a variety of conditions, particularly in postmenopausal women to prevent age-related osteoporosis and associated fractures. They are also used to treat malignant hypercalcemia, Paget's disease, and to prevent bone metastases from cancers such as lung, prostate, and colon cancer. However, a significant side effect of bisphosphonate therapy is the potential for bone tissue necrosis.
 
Bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis of the jaw (BIONJ) is a particularly common complication in patients receiving bisphosphonate therapy. This condition primarily affects the maxilla and mandible, areas that undergo bone remodeling at a higher rate than other sites in the skeleton. The clinical presentation of BIONJ can be highly variable, ranging from localized, non-healing bone lesions to extensive areas of exposed necrotic bone. This variability in presentation presents significant challenges for diagnosis and management in the dental office.
 
Given the prevalence of bisphosphonate use and the associated risks, dentists must exercise caution when treating patients on these medications. For patients diagnosed with BIONJ, it is essential that dental treatment plans are developed in close collaboration with relevant medical specialists. Ideally, comprehensive dental treatment should be completed prior to initiation of bisphosphonate therapy to minimize the risk of complications.
 
The purpose of this study is to review and present current treatment modalities for patients on bisphosphonate therapy, focusing on both the systemic and local effects of these drugs. By synthesizing the most recent literature, this study aims to provide evidence-based guidelines for dental practitioners managing patients who are either currently taking bisphosphonates or have a history of bisphosphonate use.
The Role of Apttus CPQ in Modern CRM Systems: Implementation Challenges and Solutions
Authors: Umababu Chinta  , Prof.(Dr.) Punit Goel  , Er. Om Goel
Published: September 2024

The advent of Configure, Price, Quote (CPQ) solutions has significantly transformed the landscape of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) systems, enhancing their ability to streamline sales processes, improve accuracy, and boost overall efficiency. Apttus CPQ, a prominent player in the CPQ market, offers a robust solution that integrates seamlessly with modern CRM systems to address complex pricing and quoting challenges. This research paper explores the role of Apttus CPQ in contemporary CRM environments, focusing on its implementation challenges and potential solutions.
Apttus CPQ provides an advanced framework for managing product configurations, pricing strategies, and quote generation processes. By automating these critical aspects, Apttus CPQ aims to reduce manual errors, accelerate sales cycles, and improve the accuracy of quotes. Its integration with CRM systems, such as Salesforce, leverages existing customer data to generate accurate and customized quotes, enhancing the overall sales experience. However, despite its advanced capabilities, the implementation of Apttus CPQ presents several challenges that organizations must navigate.
Defining Disabilities in Modern World : A Study
Authors: Dr. Siddharth Kumar Pokhriyal
Published: September 2024

This review paper examines the evolving definition of disabilities in the modern world. It traces the historical progression of disability concepts, explores their socio-cultural implications, dissects legal frameworks, analyses medical and social models, investigates technological advancements, and evaluates the changing paradigms of inclusion and accessibility. By dissecting the multidimensional nature of disabilities, this paper aims to present a comprehensive overview of their definition in the context of the contemporary era.
The Role of Leadership in Transforming Retail Technology Infrastructure with DevOps
Authors: Chandrasekhara Mokkapati  , Akshun Chhapola,  , Shalu Jain
Published: September 2024

In the fast changing retail technology market, DevOps principles are transforming how firms manage and improve their technological infrastructure. This study examines how leadership may use DevOps to improve retail technology and operations. As retail embraces digital transformation, technological strategies must fit with business goals. This change requires leaders to guide their firms through complicated infrastructure upgrade and operational efficiency. DevOps, which emphasizes communication between development and operations teams, continuous integration and delivery, and automation, has become essential for technological infrastructure agility and efficiency. DevOps benefits retail companies in a competitive world with quick customer behavior and market fluctuations. These include increased deployment frequency, time-to-market, dependability, and scalability. DevOps demands a fundamental change in corporate culture and leadership, not simply new technologies and procedures. This article discusses how successful leadership can promote collaboration, transformation, and DevOps alignment with strategic corporate objectives to achieve this cultural transition. Leadership helps overcome change resistance, foster cross-functional cooperation, and incorporate DevOps into the organization's technology and business operations. Leaders must also address talent shortages, resource limits, and outdated systems that might hinder DevOps rollout.
Sustainable Urban Planning: A Comparative Study of Green City Initiatives Around the Worldqq
Authors: Raghubanshi A. S.
Published: September 2024

Sustainable urban planning has become increasingly imperative in addressing environmental challenges and promoting resilient, livable cities globally. a comparative study of green city initiatives across different regions, examining strategies, successes, and challenges in integrating sustainability principles into urban development. Key focus areas include sustainable infrastructure, green spaces, energy efficiency, waste management, and community engagement. By analyzing case studies and current practices, this study aims to identify best practices and lessons learned from leading green cities, highlighting innovative approaches that enhance urban sustainability and quality of life for residents. Ultimately, the research underscores the importance of holistic planning approaches and collaborative governance in achieving sustainable urban futures amidst urbanization pressures and climate change impacts.
Operational Efficiency and Business Organization: A Case Study on Mumbai Dabbawalas
Authors: Tanmay Sachdeva
Published: September 2024

Operational effectiveness is essential for organizational success in the complicated world of contemporary business. This study explores the complex factors that support operational efficiency, with a focus on the Mumbai Dabbawalas—a distinctive, long-standing service that is a prime example of great dependability and efficiency. By looking at the Mumbai Dabbawalas, we may learn about the values and methods that allow them to continue performing brilliantly even under trying circumstances.
Operational efficiency is the capacity of a business to provide clients with goods or services in the most economical way possible while maintaining a high standard of quality. In order to increase production and profitability, it entails simplifying procedures, cutting waste, and maximizing resources. The planned arrangement of resources, procedures, and practices inside a business with the goal of accomplishing particular goals is known as business organization. These ideas work together to directly affect customer happiness, market competitiveness, and overall sustainability, making them the cornerstone of any successful business. Understanding and putting into practice basic management concepts like Six Sigma, lean manufacturing, and total quality management (TQM) are key to operational efficiency. While Six Sigma focuses on lowering variability and errors in processes, lean manufacturing concentrates on removing waste and enhancing workflow. TQM places a strong emphasis on customer satisfaction and ongoing improvement. When combined, these approaches have the power to completely change an organization's processes, resulting in increased efficacy and efficiency.
Implementing Agile Methodologies in Data Warehouse Projects
Authors: Saketh Reddy Cheruku  , Pandi Kirupa Gopalakrishna Pandian  , Prof.(Dr.) Punit Goel
Published: September 2024

Agile techniques have transformed project management and software development by stressing flexibility, collaboration, and customer-centricity. Data warehouse initiatives have traditionally used a waterfall methodology, which may delay, cost more, and misalign with business needs. Agile techniques are applied to data warehouse projects in this article, examining their pros and cons.
The study starts with Agile fundamentals including iterative development, incremental delivery, and adaptive planning. It compares these concepts with the linear, sequential waterfall approach employed in data warehousing. Agile approaches like Scrum or Kanban may help data warehouse projects adapt to changing business demands and improve results.
The report recommends creating cross-functional Agile teams with data administration, analytical, and development competence to execute Agile in data warehouses. Collaborative teams encourage communication and feedback loops. Sprints, stand-ups, and retrospectives help data warehousing teams make quick changes and meet business goals, according to the report.
FAKE NEWS DETECTION
Authors: Neha N  , Vijaylakshmi A Lepakshi
Published: September 2024

The Internet is one of among the greatest inventions of the world and there are millions of individuals who utilize it. These persons employ it in various ways, as listed below: There are various social networks that are available for use among such users. Often they can be just ordinaries who decide to make a post or share the news on the internet. Such platforms offer no means of confirming any users or the content they post. Therefore, some of the users attempt to indulge in active dissemination of fake news through the platforms. This fake news can aimed at an individual, a community, a company or a political party. It becomes virtually impossible for a human being to follow all the fake news. So, currently, there exists the need for automatic classification of fake news using machine learning classifiers. My description of machine learning classifiers such as passive agressive classifiers and algorithm such as K-Nearest Neighbor, Support vector machine(SVM) is used for detecting fake news is described in this systematic literature review.
KEYWORD: Fake News Dissemination, Social Networks, Automatic Classification, Machine Learning Classifiers, Passive Aggressive Classifiers, K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Systematic Literature Review, Challenges in Fake News Detection.
ADVANCED MACHINE LEARNING AND DEEP LEARNING APPROACHES FOR PREDICTING AVIAN INFLUENZA OUTBREAKS
Authors: G. Madhava Krishna  , Dr. Pradeepa D
Published: September 2024

This study examines avian influenza outbreak identification using advanced machine learning models. The dataset includes geographical coordinates, species information, and temporal data. Initial preprocessing involved converting columns to numerical types and removing outliers with the Isolation Forest algorithm, isolating 5% of the data as outliers. Data cleaning ensured dataset integrity. Feature correlations were analyzed, focusing on those linked to H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI). Machine learning models, including Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, Random Forest, Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Gradient Boosting, were used to predict the target variable. Performance was evaluated using ROC curve and AUC metrics, with the Random Forest model showing the highest AUC score. Deep learning models, specifically a neural network and a convolutional neural network (CNN), were implemented to enhance predictive accuracy. The CNN outperformed traditional machine learning models, demonstrating the potential of deep learning in epidemiological predictions. The study underscores the efficacy of these techniques in predicting avian influenza outbreaks, highlighting the importance of advanced analytical methods in public health predictive modeling
Chemo-sensory loss and FUT2 gene in COVID-19 infected Iraqi dentists
Authors: Abdulrida Ferial Mahmood , Diajil Ameena Ryhan
Published: September 2024

Aim: To find any association between specific ABO blood groups and FUT2 secretory status and COVID-19 in a sample of Iraqi dentists.
Materials and Methods: For each participant, a questionnaire including demography, COVID-19 status, blood grouping, and RH factor, with chemo-sensitive symptoms was recorded. The saliva samples were collected and DNA was extracted from leukocytes. Sequencing of molecular detection of the FUT2 gene by real-time PCR and the data was done, whilst drawing the phylogenetic tree.
Results: Out of 133, most of the dentists were female 61%, most were just under 35 years of age. The most participants in this study were predominantly with blood group O (40%), followed by B, A, and AB, with (90%) of them were RH+. All blood grouping and RH factor were high significantly associated with COVID-19 infection and its frequency (p<0.001). A significant association between smell dysfunction and infected blood group A and RH+ (p =0.044, 0.038) while taste dysfunction was negatively and significantly correlated with AB group (r=-0.73; p=0.008). The FUT2 secretor showed a significant association with COVID-19 infection and frequency. The majority of COVID-19-infected participants experienced a significant loss of both smell and taste with fast recovery within 2 weeks.
Conclusions: The COVID-19 infection susceptibility and reinfection are associated with FUT2 secretory status and greatly associated to olfactory and gustatory sense loss.
Vitamin D receptor gene rs2228570 (FOKI) polymorphism associated with essential hypertension in Iraqi patients
Authors: Jabir Aseel R. , Saheb Hussein A , Mohammad Bassim I , Sultan Ahmed M , Kadhim Sinaa Abdul Amir , Swadi Asma A
Published: September 2024

Aim: To understand how vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism (VDR rs2228570) affects blood pressure in Iraqi patients with essential hypertension in Al Diwaniya province.
Materials and Methods: This is a single-center observational cross-sectional descriptive study of 90 patients with essential hypertension. Using the PCRTETRA ARM technique, blood samples were genotyped and examined for the polymorphisms of FOKI (rs2228570) gene.
Results: The most frequent allele was A (121, 67%) while the most frequent genotype was AG (55, 61%). There was no statistical difference between the actual and expected frequency distribution, according to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The effect of VDR polymorphism rs 2228570 on blood pressure indicates (the mean systolic blood pressure in AA, AG, and GG carrier patients was 149, 150 and 166 respectively, P=0.29. On the other hand, the mean diastolic blood pressure in AA, AG, and GG carrier patients was 89, 89, and 94 respectively P=0.6) there was no statistically significant effect on systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
Conclusions: there is no statistically significant effect of VDR rs2228570 on SBP and DBP (p = 0.6), vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism rs2228570 was related to vitamin D level.
Evaluation and treatment of celiac disease in the central and south of Iraq
Authors: Noman Shathel Khalaf , Jawad Mahmood , Rasool Mohammed , Jasim Samir
Published: September 2024

Aim: To estimate the differences between patients with celiac disease based on symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study carried out between July 1, 2022 and April 2023, enrolling 200 patients from different provinces of central and south Iraq with Celia disease, whose diagnosis depended on a specialized physician according to WHO guidelines with long-term follow-up. Participants were following up for three to six months in private clinics. Survey was written in English, and the questionnaire form contains 13 fields divided into three sections. Diagnosis of Celia before and after treatment parameters: Tissue Transglutaminase Antibody, IgG, Serum (tTg-Ig G), and tTg-IgA levels the fourth part included a glutin-free diet and symptomatic treatment.
Results: Females and ages below 20 were most affected. 176(88%) patients had detectable tTG levels; after 3 months, 72(36.0%) patients had an increase in their body weight but less than 5 kg, while 14(7.0%) of the patients showed an increase of more than 5 kg. But after 6 months, 73(36.5%) patients had an increase in their body weight less than 5 kg, while 45(22.5%) of patients showed an increase of more than 5 kg.
Conclusions: Celiac patient profile in central Iraq is not different from that in other parts of the world, with typical patient being female and under 30 years of age. The study highlighted to a certain degree that a gluten-free diet can have a modest and promising positive impact on BMI in some patients.
Creutzfeldt – Jakob disease: clinical cases
Authors: Yuskiv Khrystyna , Payenok Anzhelika , Protsiuk Radu , Pryshliak Galyna
Published: September 2024

A 68 y.o. woman delivered to the emergency department with severe speech impairment in a somnolent state - 13 points Glasgow Coma Scale. Her relatives described a clinical manifestation: rapidly progressive dementia, visual disturbances, abnormal gait and coordination, retrograde amnesia. A 67 y. o. man delivered to the emergency department with headache, vertigo, abnormal gait and coordination, progressive extremities weakness, disorientation, memory and concentration impairment. His relatives told about extremely rapidly progression of symptoms during last three months. First clinical case presents a Heidenhain variant, second case – Brownell - Oppenheimer variant.
Superconscious processes as mental images of a higher order (in the context of telezombification)
Authors: Shmarhun Vitalii , Shpak Denys , Spivak Lidiia , Shkil Svitlana , Hoian Ihor
Published: September 2024

Aim: The paper aims to examine superconscious processes as mental images of a higher order in the context of telezombification.
Materials and Methods: The authors used interpretive research paradigm, psychoanalysis, basic principles of hermeneutics, phenomenological approach along with general scientific methods, such as induction, deduction, generalization, etc.
Conclusions: With the beginning of the russian full-scale attack on Ukraine, russian atrocities in Bucha, Mariupol and other cities and villages of the country, many Ukrainian citizens asked about what has happened to the russian society, the state authorities, who set the goal of destroying Ukraine as a state and all its inhabitants as a nation. Then Ukrainians have labelled the invaders and the authorities of Russia as non-humans. And this is a fair name for them. The fact is that these occupiers and their neo-Nazi leaders have a destroyed, distorted consciousness as a result of which they became incapable of realizing their thought processes. The consciousness of such persons gradually degrades towards animal thinking, the so-called proto-thinking. This is one direction to not realizing one’s intentions and actions at the level of both subconscious and partially conscious analysis of primary mental images (images of a first and second orders). The second direction is the role of superconscious processes, in particular mental images of a higher level, which also form the worldview positions of an individual in the process of viewing and listening to certain information, while remaining, at the same time, unconscious until a certain time. Together, these directions form a person’s attitude to existing social and worldview problems.
Mathematical Analysis of the Dynamics of COVID-19 in the Face of Vaccination in African Countries
Authors: Azokpota Paustella , Nalwanga Robinah , Montcho Yvette , Traoré Kassifou , Têlé Doumatè Jonas , Glèlè Kakaï Romain
Published: September 2024

(1) Background: The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has posed significant global challenges; its impact in Africa, in particular, has been a subject of increasing concern. Vaccination against COVID-19 started in many African countries in 2020. Despite the remarkable progress made by a selected number of countries initiating vaccination campaigns in 2020, the global vaccination coverage against the targeted disease remains inadequate. This study aimed to assess the dynamics of COVID-19 in the face of vaccination in Africa. (2) Methods: We used an extended deterministic Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Recovered (SEIR)-type model stratified by vaccination status to mathematically analyze the effect of vaccination on the dynamics of COVID-19 in ten African countries, namely: Benin, Namibia, South Africa, Rwanda, Lybia, DRC, Nigeria, Algeria, Gabon and Kenya. We studied some basic properties of the model and derived the control and basic reproduction numbers Rc and R0, respectively. We further utilized the Castillo-Chavez method to investigate the global stability of the model at the disease-free equilibrium point under the condition Rc < 1. In addition, we developed the expressions of the sensitivity and elasticity of the control reproduction number (Rc) with respect to vaccination coverage, level of adherence to control measures (ψu and ψv), infection probabilities, and relative infectiousness of different compartments of Infected. The model was fitted using cumulative daily COVID-19 case data corresponding to each country's third wave of the pandemic. The unknown parameters are estimated using the non-linear least square method. We used the resulting parameter values to compute the sensitivity and elasticity indices. (3) Results: The study demonstrates the importance of sustaining high vaccination coverage and control measures to mitigate COVID-19 transmission in Africa. Results identify vaccination rates and population compliance to control measures as most influential based on sensitivity analysis. (4) Conclusions: By generating evidence tailored to the African context, this research provides crucial insights to inform resource allocation and interventions to combat COVID-19, where needs are greatest.
A Comparison of Fuzzy and Intuitionistic Fuzzy Frameworks for Individual and Group Replacement Approaches with Scrap Values Using Centroid-Based Ranking Method for Optimal Results
Authors: .Saranya V. , Sundari M. Shanmuga , Priya S. Lakshmi
Published: September 2024

Replacement problems involve managing equipment or machines that degrade over time or with usage and those that fail after reaching specific thresholds. Large, expensive assets, such as machine tools and vehicles, have increased maintenance requirements and depreciation over time, raising the risk of obsolescence. The objective is to optimize the replacement and maintenance schedules. This optimization seeks to reduce total costs, which include operating, maintenance and investment expenses. In operations research, effective machine and equipment replacement strategies are critical for sustaining operational efficiency and reducing costs. Abrupt component failures can lead to system-wide disruptions, particularly in digital components like bulbs and resistors. To avoid sudden breakdowns, effective replacement techniques are required. This study compares environments of fuzzy and environments of intuitionistic fuzzy in group replacement and individual replacement approaches. Costs are modeled using triangular and triangular intuitionistic fuzzy numbers to capture uncertainty and vagueness. The research evaluates two strategies: immediate individual replacement and scheduled group replacement. Quantitative and analytical techniques are employed to explore cost uncertainties. Using a centroid-based ranking method, the study assesses outcomes from both fuzzy and intuitionistic fuzzy algorithms to solve complex decision-making scenarios. Results demonstrate that intuitionistic fuzzy approaches offer more effective and optimal outcomes compared to traditional fuzzy methods, enhancing decision-making precision in machine and equipment replacement strategies.
Insight into the Bouguer-Beer-Lambert Law: A review
Authors: Moses Kayanda Kiteto  , Cleophas Achisa Mecha
Published: September 2024

The Bouguer-Beer-Lambert law, a fundamental principle in spectroscopy that establishes a linear relationship between absorbance and concentration, has been indispensable for chemical analysis and quantitative measurements. Its elegant simplicity and robust utility have enabled the determination of solute concentrations of various solutions leading to applications across diverse scientific disciplines. However, the inherent assumptions and limitations of this law have resulted in deviations mostly fundamental, chemical, and instrumental, which have inspired a fervent pursuit of modifications, aimed at enhancing its accuracy and expanding its scope. This review aims to shed light on the ongoing quest for modification, providing an in-depth analysis of the law and delving into its historical overview from the work of Pierre Bouguer to modern formulation. Moreover, the classical and electromagnetic formulation of the law have been thoroughly studied and a comprehensive overview of the law's limitations presented. Furthermore, some of the major modifications that have been done in attempts to expand its reach across different realms are evaluated. Advanced approaches toward generalized modification of the law have also been extensively discussed. Finally, the review addresses the challenges in formulating a generalized Bouguer-Beer-Lambert law and proposes possible solutions and future directions that should be taken to improve the accuracy and wide applicability of the law.
Political Persuasion: The Influence of US Political Party Affiliation on Travel Likelihood During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Litvin Stephen W. , Guttentag Daniel , Smith Wayne W. , Pitts Robert E.
Published: September 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic dramatically altered people’s travel behaviors. This research, based upon a set of data that encompassed 16 months of the pandemic, looks at a significant US sample to determine, from a political perspective, who was most likely to travel at a time when the
science and their government were suggesting they stay home. The results, extending prior research, found a strong relationship between political party affiliation and one’s travel proclivity, with Republicans, the conservative American political party, far more likely to have indicated
their likelihood to travel during the pandemic than were more liberal Democrats. The theories of Perceived Behavioral Control and Social Amplification of Risk are considered as concepts to help explain the differences between the two segments and serve as guides for the recommendations provided
for travel marketing during future crises.