bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kajian Ekspresif Kepengarangan H.D Bastaman dalam Kumpulan Cerpen Sunda Nganjang ka Pagéto
Authors: Fauzi Rusdi Fauzi , Koswara Dedi , Haerudin Dingding
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini didasari oleh keingintahuan bagaimana dan dengan cara apa seorang pengarang mampu menghasilkan sebuah karya yang memuaskan bagi pembaca. Lahirnya karya sastra  karena ada yang menciptakannya, yaitu pengarang. Pengarang sebagai makhluk sosial tidak akan terlepas dari kondisi sosial disekitarnya karena karya sastra merupakan sebuah karya cipta yang mengekspresikan perasaan. Secara jujur pengarang memadukan semua indera yang terdapat dalam sebuah karya sastra, sebagai pencipta sebuah karya seorang pengarang tentu mengalami proses kreatif. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori M.H Abrams dan konsep Isnéndés mengenai faktor-faktor mental yang mempengaruhi karyanya, yaitu; kontemplasi, spontanitas, intuisi, pangalaman, intelegensi, integrasi, kapribadian, émosi, konsep seni, kakuatan batin, imajinasi, dan rasa. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah kumpulan cerpen yang berjudul Nganjang ka Pagéto karya H.D Bastaman. Metode dan Teknik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif, teknik kepustakaan, dan studi dokumentasi, sedangkan analisisnya menggunakan penelitian kualitatif. Instrumen yang digunakan terbagi menjadi dua, yaitu instrumen untuk mengumpulkan data dan instrumen untuk mengolah data. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu unsur ekspresif dan prosés kréatif Bastaman, dari ekspresifitas Bastaman membawakan kesederhanaan dan memusatkan pembaca kepada tokoh dalam memperlihatkan keadaan masyarakat sekitar, juga menceritakan aspek psikologis tokoh dalam setiap carponnya. Dari proses kreatifnya terlihat bahwa dasar pemikiran Bastaman adalah pengalaman, seterusnya diproses dan diolah agar berwujud cerita dan ditambah fantasi melewati imajinasi Bastaman. Buku kumpulan cerpen yang ditulis H.D Bastaman termasuk karya yang tinggi akan nilainya, karena banyak nilai-nilai psikologis, nilai kehidupan, dan nilai sosial masyarakat. Dari hasil penelitian ini kita mengetahui bahwa hasil karya sastra banyak dipengaruhi oleh aspek
Utilización del índice de conformidad del pastoreo racional voisin para evaluar cuatro predios ganaderos de Uruguay
Authors: López Pérez María Belén , Monteverde Santiago , Guedes Emiliano , Benítez Gustavo , Dieguez Francisco
Published: June 2024

El Pastoreo Racional Voisin (PRV) es un sistema complejo y suele adoptarse de forma gradual. El objetivo del trabajo fue identificar el grado de adopción de las características del PRV en predios familiares de Uruguay con el Índice de Conformidad del PRV (IC-PRV) y determinar cuáles características fueron priorizadas por los productores. Se analizaron tres predios vacunos y uno ovino. A partir de información predial de diez características relacionadas al método de pastoreo, bienestar animal y cuidado ambiental, se elaboró el IC-PRV de cada uno. El promedio fue de 81%. Todos obtuvieron el máximo puntaje en cuanto a número de potreros, no uso de agroquímicos y no uso de fertilizantes químicos; y el más bajo para sombra en potreros. El elevado grado de adopción de las características relacionadas al ambiente parece reflejar la priorización de las mismas por parte de los productores.
Demandas del campo de la salud mental percibidas por psicólogos que trabajan en espacios de Orientación y Tutoría, en escuelas secundarias de Paraná Campaña
Authors: Siebenhar Martin
Published: June 2024

La presente investigación se planteó en el marco de la Maestría en Salud Mental de la Facultad de Trabajo Social de la Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos (FTS-UNER). Pretendió abordar una temática inserta en dos campos disciplinares complementarios: el de la salud, y más específicamente el de la salud mental y educación. El objetivo central persiguió conocer las demandas del campo de la salud mental que perciben los psicólogos que ocupan los espacios de orientación y tutoría en escuelas secundarias de Paraná Campaña.
Para la pesquisa se adoptó una lógica de generación conceptual, para ello se tomó como técnica de obtención de la información la entrevista semi-estructurada en profundidad a informantes clave. En lo que respecta al procesamiento de la información, se utilizó el método comparativo constante. 
Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que las demandas percibidas por los psicólogos tutores cuentan con una diversidad significativa de situaciones, las cuales son visibilizadas por diferentes actores institucionales como estudiantes, docentes, preceptores, directivos e incluso los adultos que están a cargo del cuidado o crianza de los jóvenes. Se destaca que este espacio es de construcción artesanal por parte de quien desarrolla la función tutorial y que los abordajes de las demandas tienen un carácter singular, situacional y territorial, como condición para que el trabajo adquiera una impronta acorde a la complejidad de las intervenciones. Esto ha permitido resignificar la orientación y tutoría como un espacio de articulación entre lo educativo/pedagógico y la salud mental.
Diagnóstico de las redes sociales de los grupos empresariales de alojamiento del mintur
Authors: Guerra Castellón Emilio Enrique , Núñez Torres Edgar , Velastegui López Luis Efraín , Mena Guevara José Gabriel
Published: June 2024

Las redes sociales son herramientas esenciales para la interacción y el establecimiento de comunicaciones con los clientes, promocionar productos, servicios, así como lograr retroalimentación y mejora de su experiencia. Las empresas del sector turístico deben diagnosticar constantemente su presencia en estas plataformas para mejorar su estrategia y ganar en competitividad, todo ello sobre la base de la transformación digital que se ha gestado en los últimos años. La presente investigación muestra un diagnóstico estadístico descriptivo de la implementación de las redes sociales de los grupos empresariales de alojamiento del MINTUR, con el fin de identificar oportunidades de mejora que contribuyan al mejoramiento de su transformación digital. Para la realización, se hizo uso de las herramientas Social Status y Microsoft Excel. Los principales resultados obtenidos fueron que, en el período analizado, Cubanacán fue el grupo empresarial con resultados más satisfactorios en términos de mantener una presencia constante y comprometer a los seguidores, Gran Caribe no logró aprovechar completamente o de la manera más eficaz posible la gestión del uso de sus redes sociales y Campismo Popular e Islazul deben trabajar fuertemente en la mejora de la usabilidad de las redes sociales como parte de su transformación digital por la cantidad muy baja de publicaciones, compromiso, popularidad y otros indicadores que tributan a una adecuada estrategia de marketing en la actualidad y generan gran interés de los clientes.
Dolores Rondón en el concierto de las leyendas y tradiciones funerarias.
Authors: Santana Sarduy Gricell Aurora , Jane Gavaldá Martha , Velastegui López Luis Efraín
Published: June 2024

Los cementerios decimonónicos forman parte del imaginario de la fundación de las primeras siete villas en la Isla de Cuba, los que se han dado en llamar Cementerios Patrimoniales, es cada vez más el núcleo del turismo de cementerios. El texto que se presenta, aborda el patrimonio funerario en relación a las leyendas y tradiciones que en estos sitios se entretejen. Señala la posible relación incómoda entre el turismo de cementerios y patrimonio funerario, en parte debido a la falta de voluntad de asociar directamente las visitas a los cementerios con la muerte. Un turismo de cementerios mal planteado puede socavar el patrimonio tangible e intangible de los cementerios. Muchos cementerios siguen en uso y, por lo tanto, deben considerase como ‘patrimonio vivo’, y museos al aire libre. Por lo que se entiende que los sistemas de interpretación deben comunicar los diversos aspectos de la mortalidad, como elemento del desarrollo sociocultural de una comunidad.  Poner de relieve las dinámicas de leyendas y tradiciones funerarias en un marco narrativo poco explorado pero necesario ponerlo en valor. Resguardando valores éticos toda vez que, en el caso de Cuba, muchos de nuestros primeros cementerios reciben los restos humanos de sus ciudadanos.  Este texto propone una mirada desde las leyendas funerarias que se entretejen en el imaginario popular y que resultan un atractivo para el Turismo.
Alat Penyortir Telur Bebek Otomatis Berdasarkan Bobot
Authors: Styorini Wiwin - , Nisrina Nurul Anisah  , Harpawi Noptin , M.Suhairi
Published: June 2024

Pada umumnya penyortiran telur di UMKM produsen telur bebek dilakukan secara manual oleh manusia, sehingga membutuhkan tenaga kerja dan waktu yang lebih lama serta kurang efisien. Selain itu, kesalahan manusia dalam menentukan bobot telur juga dapat mempengaruhi akurasi dalam proses penyortiran. Dalam penelitian ini  dibuat sebuah alat pernyortir telur bebek otomatis berdasarkan bobot. Dengan alat ini diharapkan dapat memberikan solusi atas permasalahan yang ada. Alat yang telah dibuat  menggunakan konveyor untuk membawa telur secara otomatis ke sensor load cell untuk ditimbang, dan motor servo sebagai pemilah telur berdasarkan bobot yang telah ditimbang oleh sensor load cell. Hasil telur yang disortir terbagi menjadi 3 klasifikasi bobot yaitu ringan, sedang, dan berat. Data bobot-bobot telur yang telah terukur akan masuk kedalam microsoft excel dengan bantuan software PLX-DAQ. Alat penyortir telur bebek otomatis ini membutuhkan waktu 8,73 detik per butir dengan keakurasian bobot 98,36%.
Perbandingan Metode-Metode Deep Learning Dalam Prediksi Konsumsi Daya Listrik Rumah Jangka Pendek
Authors: Daratha Novalio , Wardana Panca , Amri Rosa Muhammad Khairul
Published: June 2024

The consumption of electrical power continues to increase every day, along with technological advances, the increase in the use of machines that depend on electricity and the growth of the human population. Prediction of electric power consumption is difficult due to various things such as weather conditions and dynamic behavior of residents. So to overcome this, deep learning methods are used, namely CNN (convolutional neural network), LSTM (long-short term memory), BDLSTM (bi-directional long short term memory), CNN-LSTM and CNN-M-BDLSTM with three stages. The first stage is fixing the missing value. The second stage performs data processing and building model from deep learning methods. The third stage evaluates the prediction results with error metrics. From the results of the analysis, the CNN method produces the smallest loss and training time of 0.0010 9/step ms, the LSTM and CNN-LSTM methods produce the largest loss of 0.0019 while the longest training time is 139/step ms in the BDLSTM method. Method The largest MSE, MAE, and MAPE values are 0.150, 0.258 and 0.176 respectively the results of the CNN method. The smallest MSE and MAE values are 0.082 and 0.174 the results of the BDLSTM method. While the smallest MAPE value obtained by the CNN-M-BDLSTM method is 0.148. This proves that the ability to predict short-term electric power consumption using the deep learning method has a good ability in terms of the error metric results.
EDUCATIONAL SOFTWARE AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: STUDENTS' EXPERIENCES AND INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS
Authors: Annuš Norbert
Published: June 2024

The digitisation of education systems has been a growing trend in recent years. Artificial intelligence (AI) enables the development of new educational software that can even create adaptive - personalised learning plans for students. Such new software can be invaluable for improving the efficiency of the educational process, improving communication between teachers and students, and facilitating a better understanding of educational material. It is therefore important to make use of the tools already available in the educational process. Alongside teachers, students are the ones who are an integral part of the educational process and it is they who become active users of this software. The aim of our research is to assess students' interest in educational software. The study involved a quantitative survey involving a total of 500 students from different educational institutions covering primary, secondary and higher education, as well as Generation Z and Alpha. The survey gave students an insight into the concept of artificial intelligence. In addition to the openness to educational software, our study investigated the relationship between the students' attitudes towards artificial intelligence and their previous use of educational software. Our results show that students are keen to use educational software, and the majority are open to using artificial intelligence-based educational software. Our conclusions point to the need for educators to implement these software in their pedagogical practice whenever possible when shaping future teaching methods. Therefore, based on international literature, this study presents 15 educational software solutions that, through their intelligent features, accelerate and simplify the teaching process while supporting differentiated and more personalized education. The aim of this study is therefore to familiarise the reader with the potential of educational software and to encourage educational institutions and teachers to use this type of software on a daily basis.
БІБЛІОМЕТРИЧНИЙ АНАЛІЗ ДОСЛІДЖЕНЬ З НАВЧАННЯ ЧАТ-БОТІВ: КЛЮЧОВІ ПОНЯТТЯ ТА ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ
Authors: Ляшенко Роман , Семеріков Сергій
Published: June 2024

This bibliometric analysis aims to identify current research directions and priorities in the field of chatbot training – software agents capable of natural language dialogue. The study is based on the analysis of 549 scientific sources from the Scopus database on this topic. The analysis revealed a steady increase in relevant publications starting from 2018, indicating a growing relevance of this subject area in recent years. Based on a cluster analysis of keywords, four main research areas were identified: natural language processing, application of relevant technologies in various spheres of society, use of machine learning methods for natural language processing, and application of chatbots in education and services. In the field of natural language processing, the focus of current research is on computational linguistics, language modeling and machine comprehension, particularly speech recognition tasks. Leading research on artificial intelligence applications in this area concerns the responsible and ethical use of modern large language models and conversational agents, such as ChatGPT, in education and healthcare. Machine learning methods are actively being developed for creating virtual intelligent assistants, natural language user interfaces, and other natural language processing systems, including for diagnostic tasks in medicine. Key applications of chatbots are identified in adaptive learning systems, knowledge management, and customer service. Based on the analysis, the most significant concepts in each of the studied areas are defined to outline priorities for further research in the field of chatbot training. Future work involves conducting a systematic literature review with the automation of certain stages using large language models. In particular, these models will be employed to automatically classify study abstracts according to inclusion/exclusion criteria during the screening phase. Automating systematic review stages using artificial intelligence opens up significant prospects for accelerating scientific research, particularly in the education field based on an evidence-based approach.
Apuntes sobre la protección del patrimonio bibliográfico en perspectiva histórico-constitucional
Authors: Álvarez Rodríguez Ignacio
Published: June 2024

En este trabajo se realiza un repaso histórico por el contenido y evolución en diferentes momentos histórico-constitucionales respecto al patrimonio bibliográfico y cómo ha evolucionado hasta llegar a nuestros días.
HERRERO DE PADURA, M. Y FERNÁNDEZ MERA, V. (2023). Las Cortes y los Héroes. Las inscripciones en el salón de sesiones del Congreso de los Diputados y del Senado (1811-1931). Madrid: Congreso de los Diputados
Authors: Ramírez Martín Virginia
Published: June 2024

Recensión de la obra HERRERO DE PADURA, M. Y FERNÁNDEZ MERA, V. (2023). Las Cortes y los Héroes. Las inscripciones en el salón de sesiones del Congreso de los Diputados y del Senado (1811-1931). Madrid: Congreso de los Diputados
Characterization of Acid Mine Drainage in Tailings and Ore Stock Areas of Coal Mine Areas: Kinetic Test Moisture Cell Method
Authors: Aktaş Tugay , Öztürk Ömer Faruk
Published: June 2024

In addition to evaluating the economic inputs of mining, it is important to examine the symptoms and concerns of the results of these activities. Appropriate legal regulations in the operation of mining facilities are implemented in an integrated manner with mining activities and growth effects in order to prevent negative growth effects on future generations. The most important environmental problems specific to mining are the inability to adequately examine the characterization of wastes and the failure to accurately determine whether these wastes can be obtained over the years. Especially during the opening, operation and separation of coal mines, which are rich in sulfur minerals, the reactions of these minerals are exposed to temperature interruptions and the formation of Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) poses a danger to natural life. In order to estimate the AMD formation potential of ore and waste, static and kinetic tests are applied to determine the mineralogical and chemical composition of the field. Among these tests, the most appropriate test in terms of representing natural conditions is the kinetic test method. Within the scope of the study, field conditions were simulated in columns prepared according to ASTM D5744-18 standard, physical and chemical analyzes of the resulting leachate were performed and the results were evaluated. According to the data obtained, no acid formation was observed during the 20-week test period, and metal emissions were characterized at a low rate. It has been determined that the clay structures in the geology of the sampled area are effective on the leakage rate.
Review Artikel: Kandungan Senyawa Kimia dan Bioaktivitas dari Tanaman Faloak (Sterculia quadrifida)
Authors:   Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Padjadjaran, Octaviany Salma Tri , Iskandar Yoppi ,   Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Padjadjaran
Published: June 2024

Indonesia memiliki sangat banyak aneka ragam flora dan fauna yang sangat bermanfaat, salah satunya tanaman faloak. Faloak (Sterculia quadrifida) merupakan salah satu tanaman herbal yang dapat dijadikan menjadi obat tradisional, sehingga masyarakat dapat disembuhkan dari berbagai penyakit, seperti hepatitis, diabetes, dan rheumatoid arthritis. Tanaman ini banyak dikembangkan pemanfaatannya untuk Kesehatan di Pulau Timur, Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT). Review artikel ini dilakukan dengan melakukan kajian literatur ilmiah melalui penelusuran literatur dengan pencarian artikel dalam database jurnal penelitian melalui website internet. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan informasi mengenai kandungan kimia yang terkandung dalam tanaman faloak, antara lain flavonoid, tanin, alkaloid, steroid, dan triterpenoid. Selain itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui aktivitas farmakologi pada tanaman faloak, seperti antioksidan, antihiperglikemik, antiinflamasi, antipiretik, dan antibakteri. Masih belum banyak penelitian yang menjelaskan mengenai kandungan kimia dan aktivitas farmakologi yang ada pada tanaman faloak, sehingga diperlukan untuk penelusuran artikel untuk membahas kandungan kimia dan aktivitas farmakologi tanaman faloak secara ringkas dan sederhana.
Foraging ecology of southern sea otters at the northern range extent informs regional population dynamics
Authors: Lyon SN , Tomoleoni JA , Yee JL , Fujii JA , Thometz NM
Published: June 2024

Sea otters Enhydra lutris are vital keystone predators throughout the North Pacific that were nearly extirpated during the maritime fur trade. Recovery of southern sea otters E. l. nereis has proceeded slowly, with much of their historical range remaining unoccupied, resulting in reduced ecosystem functioning. Numerous studies have used foraging metrics to assess the population status of southern sea otters throughout their current range, but little is known about the northern range extent, where a stall in expansion has limited recovery. Thus, we collected census and foraging data of sea otters at Año Nuevo State Park, California, from 2019 to 2021 to determine sea otter abundance, diet composition, diet diversity, and average energy intake rate at the northern range edge. We then assessed regional population status by comparing values from Año Nuevo with previously collected data from other locations in California, including high-density, range center sites and low-density, range periphery sites. We found that sea otter density at Año Nuevo was greater than surrounding areas at the northern range periphery, and the average (±95% CI) energy intake (9.51 ± 0.91 kcal min-1) more closely resembled values observed at high-density sites. Further, dietary diversity (using the Shannon-Wiener index, H) was intermediate between previously studied high- and low-density populations (H = 1.81), with crabs making up the largest proportion of the diet (~56%). Overall, this study highlights possible effects of occupation time and range stagnation, identifies unique aspects of the prey resource base at Año Nuevo, and provides insight into the ongoing lack of northern range expansion.
Kemerdekaan Dosen dalam Beban Kerja dan Karir: Konsep Tata Kelola Institusi dan Reformasi Administrasi di Perguruan Tinggi
Authors: Azfirmawarman Dony , Adnan M. Fachri , Khaidir Afriva
Published: June 2024

Perubahan dalam sistem evaluasi kinerja dosen, seperti Bobot Kinerja Dosen (BKD) yang disesuaikan dengan Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM), serta prosedur akumulasi digital, bertujuan untuk mengurangi beban administrasi dosen. Namun, masih terdapat hambatan dalam menjaga proses mencerdaskan kehidupan bangsa dan produktivitas dosen dalam membuat karya akademis. Artikel ini membahas tentang Kemerdekaan Dosen dalam Beban Kerja dan Karir di Perguruan Tinggi, fokus pada konsep tata kelola institusi dan reformasi administrasi. Dalam melakukan penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan kajian pustaka/ literatur sebagai metode penelitiannya dimana informasi yang diperoleh berasal dari buku – buku terkait, surat kabar, majalah,serta  publikasi dari lembaga–lembaga yang kompeten. Setelah data terkumpul, penulis melakukan analisa terhadap data yang ada, melakukan interprestasi dan terakhir menyimpulkan hasil dari kajian ini. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa terdapat masalah struktural terkait pendanaan riset di Indonesia, dimana dana riset pemerintah masih tergolong kecil dibandingkan negara-negara tetangga. Perubahan kebijakan dalam beban kerja dosen, seperti BKD Baru yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan bobot indikator dalam program Kampus Merdeka, serta mendukung pengembangan minat dan potensi dosen. Inovasi dalam tata kelola administrasi institusi diperlukan untuk memecahkan permasalahan yang ada, dengan memanfaatkan teknologi dan memperkenalkan prosedur baru.
Potensi Implementasi Ekonomi Sirkular dalam Pengolahan Limbah Popok Bayi
Authors: Purwati Sri , Oktyajati Nancy , Bila Ica Salsa
Published: June 2024

Limbah popok bayi merupakan salah satu limbah yang tergolong dalam kategori Bahan Beracun dan Berbahaya (B3) dengan persentase pemakaian di Indonesia sangat tinggi. Pemakaian limbah popok bayi yang tinggi tanpa diimbangi dengan sistem pengelolaan atau pemanfaatan limbah, maka akan menjadi permasalahan di bidang lingkungan. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan suatu usaha pencengahan pencemaran lingkungan yang timbul akibat limbah popok bayi dengan menerapkan konsep ekonomi sirkular pada limbah tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi potensi implementasi ekonomi sirkular dalam pengolahan limbah popok bayi sebagai langkah menuju keberlanjutan lingkungan. Penelitian mencakup identifikasi kondisi eksisting dan karakteristik limbah popok bayi dengan melibatkan 260 responden orangtua balita. Hasil survei menunjukkan pola pemakaian popok, faktor-faktor pemilihan popok, dan tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat tentang limbah popok bayi. Selanjutnya, penelitian menganalisis potensi ekonomi pengolahan limbah popok bayi oleh Kelompok Swadaya Masyarakat (KSM) Pilah Berkah, yang menghasilkan produk gantungan kunci dari limbah popok bayi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa saat ini, kegiatan ekonomi sirkular ini belum menghasilkan keuntungan yang cukup untuk menutupi biaya produksi, dengan Rasio Return on Cost (R/C Ratio) sebesar 0,97. Dengan demikian diperlukan dukungan pemerintah dan stakeholder terkait dalam mendorong perkembangan ekonomi sirkular ini menuju keberlanjutan ekonomi yang lebih baik
Analisis Pengendalian Kualitas Produk Menggunakan Metode Statistical Quality Control (SQC) di PT. Bumimulia Indah Lestari
Authors: Aini Lulu Qurrotul , Sukanta Sukanta
Published: June 2024

PT. BIL merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak di industri packaging plastik. Permasalahn yang ada pada PT. BIL yaitu masih terdapat banyak produk defect sehingga perlu dilakukannya perbaikan. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode Statistical Quality Control (SQC) dengan menggunakan alat bantu statistik seperti checksheet, diagram pareto, peta kendali dan fishbone diagram. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produk defect terbesar terjadi pada jenis cacat black dot (bitnik hitam) dengan persentase 58,37% menduduki peringkat pertama, jenis cacat kontaminsi 29,37% dan jenis cacat deformation (penyok) 12,26% menduduki peringkat ketiga. PT. BIL memiliki data yang terkendali karena hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa nilai peta kendali p revisi tidak ada yang melewati UCL maupun LCL. Usulan perbaikan yang dilakukan untuk mengurangi kerusakan yaitu dengan melakukan pemeriksaan rutin, selalu mengganti material yang terkontaminasi, melakukan pengecekan mesin, memberikan program pelatihan untuk pekerja, menstabilkan temperatur agar tidak terlalu tinggi, menerapkan sistem daily maintenance, menggunakan sparepart paling unggul, menerapkan 5S, membuat jadwal dan SOP.
Effect of Ga on the Morphology of SnO2 Nano/Micro-Crystals Grown by a Thermal Evaporation Method
Authors: Lee Geun-Hyoung
Published: June 2024

SnO2 nano/micro-crystals with different morphologies were fabricated by the thermal evaporation of SnO2 powders mixed with Ga2O3 powder. The synthesis process was performed at 1300℃ in air. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to examine the morphology, microstructure, elemental composition and chemical property of the as-synthesized products. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the products were SnO2 with a tetragonal rutile crystal structure. From the Fourier transform infrared spectra of the products, Sn-O stretching mode was observed, which confirmed the formation of SnO2. Scanning electron microscopic analysis clearly showed that the morphology of the SnO2 crystals was significantly affected by the addition of Ga2O3 to SnO2 source powder. SnO2 crystals with a belt-like morphology were grown when the source powder without Ga2O3 powder was used. Rod-like SnO2 crystals were grown by using SnO2 powder mixed with Ga2O3 powder as the source powder. When the amount of Ga2O3 mixed in the source powder was increased, the morphology of the SnO2 crystals changed from rod to tube. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis indicated that the inner core of the tube-like crystals was composed of Snrich metastable phase. No catalytic particles were observed at the tips of the SnO2 nano/micro-crystals, suggesting that the growth process occurred by vapor-solid growth mechanism.
Discovery and characterization of BRBV-sheep virus in nasal swabs from domestic sheep in China
Authors: Zhang Yufei , Li Yang , Qi Lemuge , Hang Tianyu , Wang Peng , Wang Yarong , Wu Caili , Wang Yongqin , Wang Xufen , Hou Lin , Ban Yaxing , Zhang Zhidan , Zhou Weiguang
Published: June 2024

Introduction

The escalating occurrence of infectious disease outbreaks in humans and animals necessitates innovative, effective, and integrated research to better comprehend their transmission and dynamics. Viral infection in livestock has led to profound economic losses globally. Pneumonia is the prevalent cause of death in sheep. However, very few studies exist regarding virus-related pathogens in sheep. Metagenomics sequencing technologies in livestock research hold significant potential to elucidate these contingencies and enhance our understanding.

Methods

Therefore, this study aims to characterize respiratory viromes in paired nasal swabs from Inner Mongolian feedlot sheep in China using metaviromic sequencing. Through deep sequencing, de novo assembly, and similarity searches using translated protein sequences, several previously uncharacterized and known viruses were identified in this study.

Results

Among these discoveries, a novel Bovine Rhinitis B Virus (BRBV) (BRBV-sheep) strain was serendipitously detected in the nasal swabs of domestic sheep (Ovis aries). To facilitate further molecular epidemiological studies, the entire genome of BRBV-sheep was also determined. Owing to the unique sequence characteristics and phylogenetic position of BRBV-sheep, genetically distinct lineages of BRBV in sheep may exist. A TaqMan-based qRT-PCR assay targeting the 3D polymerase gene was developed and used to screen 592 clinical sheep specimens. The results showed that 44.59% of the samples (264/592) were positive. These findings suggest that BRBV sheep are widespread among Inner Mongolian herds.

Conclusion

This discovery marks the initial identification of BRBV in sheep within Inner Mongolia, China. These findings contribute to our understanding of the epidemiology and genetic evolution of BRBV. Recognizing the presence of BRBV in sheep informs strategies for disease management and surveillance and the potential development of targeted interventions to control its spread.
Adaptation of SIVmac to baboon primary cells results in complete absence of in vivo baboon infectivity
Authors: Obregon-Perko Veronica , Mannino Amanda , Ladner Jason T. , Hodara Vida , Ebrahimi Diako , Parodi Laura , Callery Jessica , Palacios Gustavo , Giavedoni Luis D.
Published: June 2024

While simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection is non-pathogenic in naturally infected African nonhuman primate hosts, experimental or accidental infection in rhesus macaques often leads to AIDS. Baboons, widely distributed throughout Africa, do not naturally harbor SIV, and experimental infection of baboons with SIVmac results in transient low-level viral replication. Elucidation of mechanisms of natural immunity in baboons could uncover new targets of antiviral intervention. We tested the hypothesis that an SIVmac adapted to replicate in baboon primary cells will gain the capacity to establish chronic infections in vivo. Here, we generated SIVmac variants in baboon cells through serial passage in PBMC from different donors (SIVbn-PBMC s1), in PBMC from the same donors (SIVbn-PBMC s2), or in isolated CD4 cells from the same donors used for series 2 (SIVbn-CD4). While SIVbn-PBMC s1 and SIVbn-CD4 demonstrated increased replication capacity, SIVbn-PBMC s2 did not. Pharmacological blockade of CCR5 revealed SIVbn-PBMC s1 could more efficiently use available CCR5 than SIVmac, a trait we hypothesize arose to circumvent receptor occupation by chemokines. Sequencing analysis showed that all three viruses accumulated different types of mutations, and that more non-synonymous mutations became fixed in SIVbn-PBMC s1 than SIVbn-PBMC s2 and SIVbn-CD4, supporting the notion of stronger fitness pressure in PBMC from different genetic backgrounds. Testing the individual contribution of several newly fixed SIV mutations suggested that is the additive effect of these mutations in SIVbn-PBMC s1 that contributed to its enhanced fitness, as recombinant single mutant viruses showed no difference in replication capacity over the parental SIVmac239 strain. The replicative capacity of SIVbn-PBMC passage 4 (P4) s1 was tested in vivo by infecting baboons intravenously with SIVbn-PBMC P4 s1 or SIVmac251. While animals infected with SIVmac251 showed the known pattern of transient low-level viremia, animals infected with SIVbn-PBMC P4 s1 had undetectable viremia or viral DNA in lymphoid tissue. These studies suggest that adaptation of SIV to grow in baboon primary cells results in mutations that confer increased replicative capacity in the artificial environment of cell culture but make the virus unable to avoid the restrictive factors generated by a complex multicellular organism.
Effect of the degree of follicular diameter ≥18mm differentiation on the day of hCG administration to the outcome of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH)
Authors: Xu Hongyi , Chen Qi , Tian Jiarong , Chen Xin , Zhang Xin , Li Xin , Wu Ying , Zhang Changjun , Zhang Ying
Published: June 2024

Objective

To explore the impact of the level of differentiation in a minimum of two follicles with a diameter of ≥18 mm on the outcome of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration.

Methods

Single-center data from January 2018 to December 2021 was retrospectively analyzed for 1,199 patients with fresh embryo transfer for assisted reproduction. The absolute value of the standard deviation of the follicle size of at least 2 follicles ≥18 mm in diameter in both ovaries on the day of hCG was taken as the degree of differentiation of the dominant follicle after ovulation induction, based on the standard deviation response to the degree of dispersion of the data. The degree of follicular differentiation was divided into 3 groups according to the size of the value, and the general clinical conditions, laboratory indexes, and clinical outcomes of the patients in the 3 groups were compared.

Results

Among the three groups, the body mass index (BMI) of the ≤1s group was lower than that of the other two groups (P< 0.05), while the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) were higher (P< 0.05), and the implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate were significantly higher than those of the other two groups (P< 0.01). After multifactorial logistic regression to correct for confounding factors, with the ≤1s group as the reference, the implantation rate, hCG-positive rate, clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate of embryo transfer in the ≥2S group were significantly lower (P< 0.01). The results of curve fitting analysis showed that the live birth rate decreased gradually with the increase of the absolute standard deviation (P=0.0079).

Conclusion

Differences in follicle diameters ≥18 mm on the day of hCG injection did not have an impact on embryo quality, but had an impact on pregnancy outcomes. The less the variation in follicle size, the more homogeneous the follicle development and the higher the likelihood of live births.
An in-hospital physiotherapy clinic improves symptoms and absenteeism among healthcare professionals with musculoskeletal conditions
Authors: Grewal S. , Vos V. , Theijse R. , Klautz R. , Grewal N.
Published: June 2024

Introduction

The incidence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders has been consistently high in the healthcare sectors, with significant impact on quality of life of affected individuals and costs to health services due to absenteeism. This study assesses the effectiveness of an in-hospital physiotherapy clinic “CollegaPoli” for healthcare professionals with musculoskeletal conditions. The primary objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of the “CollegaPoli” on reduction of musculoskeletal symptoms. Secondary, readiness to return to work was studied.

Methods

A prospective observational study was conducted between October 2022 and June 2023. Healthcare professionals with musculoskeletal conditions resulting in sick leave were included. The effects of the “CollegaPoli” on reported symptoms and work absenteeism were evaluated.

Results

A total of 145 participants (84.1% female) were included in the study. Mainstream of participants reported musculoskeletal symptoms in the upper extremity (54.1%) and lower back (15.8%). Around 35% of the healthcare workers reported their symptoms to be present for 1–4 weeks, 25% since the past 7 days. The return-to-work program significantly reduced the musculoskeletal symptoms (p < 0.001) and led to an 80.3% decrease in reported absenteeism among participants.

Conclusion

This study supports the benefits of an in-hospital physiotherapy clinic among healthcare professionals with musculoskeletal disorders, improving symptoms and reducing absenteeism.
Causal relationships between lung cancer and sepsis: a genetic correlation and multivariate mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Zhou Jiejun , Zhang Youqian , Yang Tian , Zhang Kun , Li Anqi , Li Meng , Peng Xiaojing , Chen Mingwei
Published: June 2024

Background

Former research has emphasized a correlation between lung cancer (LC) and sepsis, but the causative link remains unclear.

Method

This study used univariate Mendelian Randomization (MR) to explore the causal relationship between LC, its subtypes, and sepsis. Linkage Disequilibrium Score (LDSC) regression was used to calculate genetic correlations. Multivariate MR was applied to investigate the role of seven confounding factors. The primary method utilized was inverse-variance-weighted (IVW), supplemented by sensitivity analyses to assess directionality, heterogeneity, and result robustness.

Results

LDSC analysis revealed a significant genetic correlation between LC and sepsis (genetic correlation = 0.325, p = 0.014). Following false discovery rate (FDR) correction, strong evidence suggested that genetically predicted LC (OR = 1.172, 95% CI 1.083–1.269, p = 8.29 × 10−5, Pfdr = 2.49 × 10−4), squamous cell lung carcinoma (OR = 1.098, 95% CI 1.021–1.181, p = 0.012, Pfdr = 0.012), and lung adenocarcinoma (OR = 1.098, 95% CI 1.024–1.178, p = 0.009, Pfdr = 0.012) are linked to an increased incidence of sepsis. Suggestive evidence was also found for small cell lung carcinoma (Wald ratio: OR = 1.156, 95% CI 1.047–1.277, p = 0.004) in relation to sepsis. The multivariate MR suggested that the partial impact of all LC subtypes on sepsis might be mediated through body mass index. Reverse analysis did not find a causal relationship (p > 0.05 and Pfdr > 0.05).

Conclusion

The study suggests a causative link between LC and increased sepsis risk, underscoring the need for integrated sepsis management in LC patients.
Cellular immunity against cytomegalovirus and risk of infection after kidney transplantation
Authors: Blom Kjersti B. , Kro Grete B. , Midtvedt Karsten , Jenssen Trond G. , Reisæter Anna Varberg , Rollag Hallvor , Hartmann Anders , Sagedal Solbjørg , Sjaastad Ivar , Tylden Garth , Njølstad Gro , Nilsen Einar , Birkeland Jon A. , Åsberg Anders
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection remains a challenge following kidney transplantation (KTx). Currently, CMV-IgG serostatus at transplantation is used to individualize CMV preventive strategies. We assessed the clinical utility of CMV-IGRA for predicting CMV infection following KTx.

Methods

We performed a nationwide prospective cohort study from August 2016 until December 2022. Data from all adult KTx recipients in Norway, n=1,546 (R+; n=1,157, D+/R-; n=260, D-/R-; 129), were included with a total of 3,556 CMV-IGRA analyses (1,375 at KTx, 1,188 at eight weeks, 993 one-year after KTx) and 35,782 CMV DNAemia analyses.

Results

In R+ recipients CMV-IGRA status, measured at any of the time-points, could not identify any differential risk of later CMV infection. D+/R- recipients remaining CMV-IGRA negative 1-year after transplantation (regardless of positive CMV DNAemia and/or CMV IgG status at that time) had increased risk of developing later CMV infection compared to D+/R- recipients who had become CMV-IGRA positive (14% vs. 2%, p=0.01).

Conclusion

Knowledge of pre-transplant CMV-IGRA status did not provide additional information to CMV-IgG serostatus that could improve current post-transplant CMV treatment algorithms. However, D+/R- recipients with a persisting negative CMV-IGRA one-year after transplantation remained at increased risk of experiencing later CMV infection. Therefore we advocate post-transplant CMV-IGRA monitoring in these patients.
CD39 delineates chimeric antigen receptor regulatory T cell subsets with distinct cytotoxic & regulatory functions against human islets
Authors: Wu Xiangni , Chen Pin-I , Whitener Robert L. , MacDougall Matthew S. , Coykendall Vy M. N. , Yan Hao , Kim Yong Bin , Harper William , Pathak Shiva , Iliopoulou Bettina P. , Hestor Allison , Saunders Diane C. , Spears Erick , Sévigny Jean , Maahs David M. , Basina Marina , Sharp Seth A. , Gloyn Anna L. , Powers Alvin C. , Kim Seung K. , Jensen Kent P. , Meyer Everett H.
Published: June 2024

Human regulatory T cells (Treg) suppress other immune cells. Their dysfunction contributes to the pathophysiology of autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes (T1D). Infusion of Tregs is being clinically evaluated as a novel way to prevent or treat T1D. Genetic modification of Tregs, most notably through the introduction of a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting Tregs to pancreatic islets, may improve their efficacy. We evaluated CAR targeting of human Tregs to monocytes, a human β cell line and human islet β cells in vitro. Targeting of HLA-A2-CAR (A2-CAR) bulk Tregs to HLA-A2+ cells resulted in dichotomous cytotoxic killing of human monocytes and islet β cells. In exploring subsets and mechanisms that may explain this pattern, we found that CD39 expression segregated CAR Treg cytotoxicity. CAR Tregs from individuals with more CD39low/- Tregs and from individuals with genetic polymorphism associated with lower CD39 expression (rs10748643) had more cytotoxicity. Isolated CD39− CAR Tregs had elevated granzyme B expression and cytotoxicity compared to the CD39+ CAR Treg subset. Genetic overexpression of CD39 in CD39low CAR Tregs reduced their cytotoxicity. Importantly, β cells upregulated protein surface expression of PD-L1 and PD-L2 in response to A2-CAR Tregs. Blockade of PD-L1/PD-L2 increased β cell death in A2-CAR Treg co-cultures suggesting that the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is important in protecting islet β cells in the setting of CAR immunotherapy. In summary, introduction of CAR can enhance biological differences in subsets of Tregs. CD39+ Tregs represent a safer choice for CAR Treg therapies targeting tissues for tolerance induction.
Detection of cytokines in cervicovaginal lavage in HIV-infected women and its association with high-risk human papillomavirus
Authors: Schindler Sandra , Netto Eduardo , Deminco Felice , Figueiredo Camila A. , de Andrade Candace Machado , Alves Amanda Rosa , Brites Carlos
Published: June 2024

Background

Women living with HIV/AIDS (WLHA) have an increased prevalence of high-risk HPV infection (HR-HPV) and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and a greater risk of cervical cancer despite access to a new generation of antiretroviral therapy. The aim of this study is to evaluate the concentrations of different cytokines involved in the local immune response in WLHA, which is fundamental for understanding the pathogenesis of HPV-related cancer in this population.

Methods

IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IP-10, GM-CSF, and MIP-1α were investigated in the cervicovaginal lavage (CVL) of 106 WLHA attending at Hospital Universitario Professor Edgard Santos in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, during the period December 2019 to April 2023 by Luminex®. All participants were also tested for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae and underwent colposcopy, Pap smear, and Nugent score. HIV plasma viral load (VL) and CD4 cell count were performed for all WLHA.

Results

In this study, 22.6% (24/106) of WLHA were infected with HR-HPV. A higher proportion of patients with HR-HPV (66.7%) had detectable levels of IL-10 than those negative ones (40.2%, p = 0.02). More premenopausal women had either IL-6 (51.4%) or IP-10 (58.3%) than those in menopausal status (26.5% for IL-6 and 32.4% for IP-10, p = 0.013 and p = 0.011, respectively). Vaginosis was negatively associated with detection of IP-10 (24.2% vs. 61.4%, p < 0.001) and INF-γ (39.4% vs. 68.6%, p = 0.005). A positive association was detected for IL-1β (66.7 vs. 37.1%, p = 0.005) and IL-10 (63.6% vs. 37.1%, p = 0.01). VL and CD4 were not associated with the studied cytokines.

Conclusion

We demonstrated a positive association between IL-10 and HPV infection in CVL, suggesting the predominance of the Th2 response in HIV/HPV co-infected patients. However, further studies with longer follow-up will be needed to evaluate the association of IL-10 with HPV infection, CIN, and cervical cancer in WLHA.
Host and pathogen genetic diversity shape vaccine-mediated protection to Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Cohen Sara B. , Plumlee Courtney R. , Engels Lindsay , Mai Dat , Murray Tara A. , Jahn Ana N. , Alexander Bridget , Delahaye Jared L. , Cross Lauren M. , Maciag Karolina , Schrader Sam , Durga Kaitlin , Gold Elizabeth S. , Aderem Alan , Gerner Michael Y. , Gern Benjamin H. , Diercks Alan H. , Urdahl Kevin B.
Published: June 2024

To investigate how host and pathogen diversity govern immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), we performed a large-scale screen of vaccine-mediated protection against aerosol Mtb infection using three inbred mouse strains [C57BL/6 (B6), C3HeB/FeJ (C3H), Balb/c x 129/SvJ (C129F1)] and three Mtb strains (H37Rv, CDC1551, SA161) representing two lineages and distinct virulence properties. We compared three protective modalities, all of which involve inoculation with live mycobacteria: Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), the only approved TB vaccine, delivered either subcutaneously or intravenously, and concomitant Mtb infection (CoMtb), a model of pre-existing immunity in which a low-level Mtb infection is established in the cervical lymph node following intradermal inoculation. We examined lung bacterial burdens at early (Day 28) and late (Day 98) time points after aerosol Mtb challenge and histopathology at Day 98. We observed substantial heterogeneity in the reduction of bacterial load afforded by these modalities at Day 28 across the combinations and noted a strong positive correlation between bacterial burden in unvaccinated mice and the degree of protection afforded by vaccination. Although we observed variation in the degree of reduction in bacterial burdens across the nine mouse/bacterium strain combinations, virtually all protective modalities performed similarly for a given strain-strain combination. We also noted dramatic variation in histopathology changes driven by both host and bacterial genetic backgrounds. Vaccination improved pathology scores for all infections except CDC1551. However, the most dramatic impact of vaccination on lesion development occurred for the C3H-SA161 combination, where vaccination entirely abrogated the development of the large necrotic lesions that arise in unvaccinated mice. In conclusion, we find that substantial TB heterogeneity can be recapitulated by introducing variability in both host and bacterial genetics, resulting in changes in vaccine-mediated protection as measured both by bacterial burden as well as histopathology. These differences can be harnessed in future studies to identify immune correlates of vaccine efficacy.