bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Qualidade de vida e esgotamento profissional entre docentes da rede pública de Ensino Médio e Fundamental no Sul do Brasil
Authors: Tabeleão Viviane Porto , Tomasi Elaine , Neves Siduana Facin
Published: January 2012

Para investigar os níveis de qualidade de vida entre docentes de escolas estaduais e municipais e relacioná-los com características sociodemográficas e do processo de trabalho, realizou-se um estudo transversal com 601 docentes da rede pública de Ensino Fundamental e Médio da zona urbana de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Os domínios da escala de qualidade de vida WHOQOL-bref - físico, psicológico, relações sociais e ambiente - foram analisados. Os índices médios foram: 69,2 (desvio-padrão - DP = 16,8) para o domínio físico, 70,6 (DP = 14,0) para o psicológico, 72,5 (DP = 17,3) para o domínio relações sociais e 60,7 (DP = 14,0) para o ambiente. Idade, tempo de docência e total de alunos não se associaram significativamente à qualidade de vida. Docentes das escolas municipais pontuaram mais no domínio físico do que os da rede estadual (p = 0,026). Os homens estavam melhores do que as mulheres somente nos domínios físico e psicológico. Quanto maior a renda familiar, mais alta a pontuação na qualidade de vida. Quanto maior a carga horária na escola, melhor a pontuação nos domínios físico e ambiente.
Employment conditions and health inequities: a case study of Brazil
Authors: Dias Elizabeth Costa , Oliveira Roberval Passos de , Machado Jorge H. , Minayo-Gomez Carlos , Perez Marco Antonio Gomes , Hoefel Maria da Graça L. , Santana Vilma Sousa
Published: January 2012

This paper was prepared for the Employment Conditions and Health Inequalities Knowledge Network (EMCONET), part of the WHO Commission on the Social Determinants of Health. We describe the Brazilian context of employment conditions, labor conditions and health, their characteristics and causal relationships. The social, political and economic factors that influence these relationships are also presented with an emphasis on social inequalities, and how they are reproduced within the labor market and thereby affect the health and wellbeing of workers. A literature review was conducted in SciELO, LILACS, Google and Google Scholar, MEDLINE and the CAPES Brazilian thesis database. We observed that there are more workers operating in the informal sector than in the formal sector and these former have no social insurance or any other social benefits. Work conditions and health are poor in both informal and formal enterprises since health and safety labor norms are not effective. The involvement of social movements and labor unions in the elaboration and management of workers' health polices and programs with universal coverage, is a promising initiative that is underway nationwide.
Flebotomíneos de localidades rurais no noroeste do Estado do Paraná, Brasil
Authors: Cella Wilsandrei , Melo Simone Cristina Castanho Sabaini de , Legriffon Cristiane Machado de Oliveira , Freitas Janaina Sales de , Kuhl João Balduino , Teodoro Ueslei , Rossi Robson Marcelo
Published: January 2012

Relatam-se os resultados de coletas de flebotomíneos em seis lotes na zona rural no Município de Japurá, Estado do Paraná, Brasil, mostrando a presença de flebotomíneos no domicílio, peridomicílio e em matas residuais. As coletas de flebotomíneos foram realizadas com armadilhas de Falcão, das 20:00h às 03:00h. Nos lotes 195, 223, 236 e 527 foram feitas três coletas em diferentes períodos, de dezembro de 2007 a janeiro de 2009. Nos lotes 175 e 218, as coletas foram feitas de janeiro a dezembro de 2008. Coletaram-se 8.453 flebotomíneos, com uma média horária (MH) de 155,40 exemplares. Nyssomyia neivai foi a espécie dominante. A maioria dos flebotomíneos foi coletada em abrigos de animais domésticos (MH = 75,91) e nas matas ciliares (MH = 38,45), nos meses mais quentes e chuvosos, num ambiente peridomiciliar com acúmulo de matéria orgânicas e descarte inadequado de águas de uso doméstico, o que mostra a necessidade da limpeza regular do peridomicílio e do afastamento dos abrigos de animais domésticos das residências.
As "derivas" de um conceito em suas traduções: o caso do Trieb freudiano
Authors: Tavares Pedro Heliodoro
Published: January 2012

Recentemente os direitos sobre a obra de Sigmund Freud caíram em domínio público. Como conseqüência disso, após décadas de intensas críticas à única e indireta versão disponível em língua portuguesa, temos finalmente três projetos de tradução sendo desenvolvidos no Brasil a partir do original alemão. A intenção deste artigo, portanto, é a de discutir as escolhas feitas para a tradução de Trieb, um dos mais centrais dos conceitos freudianos.
Tradutor: o inescapável hôte da língua do Outro
Authors: Lima Erica
Published: January 2012

A partir de algumas concepções de língua, tradução e hospitalidade desenvolvidas pelo filósofo francês Jacques Derrida, pretende-se, neste trabalho, estabelecer uma relação entre as considerações derridianas sobre a tradução do termo francês hôte, palavra que designa tanto o anfitrião quanto o hóspede, e o trabalho do tradutor. Na primeira parte, veremos como a ideia da língua do hôte influenciou o pensamento derridiano e trouxe, já no início, a questão da tradução. Na segunda parte, será abordada a tradução 'propriamente dita' do termo hôte, enfatizada por Derrida em sua leitura do conto L'hôte, de Camus, e a relação do tradutor como hôte do texto do Outro. Pretende-se, assim, mostrar que a discussão sobre a tradução de hôte encena a impossibilidade de uma hospitalidade incondicional e desvela as relações por meio das quais o significado é constituído, em um jogo de múltiplas línguas que interagem no processo tradutório.
Mãos de segunda mão? Tradução (in)direta e a relação em questão
Authors: Cardozo Mauricio Mendonça
Published: January 2012

Na última década, algumas editoras brasileiras passaram a investir em novas traduções de clássicos da literatura estrangeira, especialmente daqueles que já há muito circulam em língua portuguesa, mas em traduções ditas indiretas. São exemplares, nesse sentido, os casos mais recentes de novas traduções da literatura russa e alemã. Os números são significativos e podemos reconhecer aí uma nova tendência, mas cum grano salis. As estatísticas também mostram que esses números não são tão expressivos a ponto de podermos generalizar a tendência como regra para todo o campo editorial brasileiro, nem mesmo se restrito ao mercado literário. Para os estudos da tradução, no entanto, essa tendência reacende a discussão sobre as várias questões implicadas nessa modalidade de tradução. Este trabalho tem em vista pontuar os limites e as possibilidades da tradução direta e indireta e refletir sobre suas implicações para a crítica da tradução literária.
Tradução e impropriedade: uma leitura de Les Nègres du Traducteur, de Claude Bleton
Authors: Arrojo Rosemary
Published: January 2012

A hilária trama de Les nègres du traducteur, romance de Claude Bleton publicado na França em 2004, permite-nos explorar as relações que tradutores estabelecem com seus autores e originais. O texto de Bleton é particularmente útil para uma discussão de algumas noções relacionadas a teorias contemporâneas do texto e da tradução que giram em torno da noção nietzschiana de "morte do autor". Aaron Janvier, narrador e protagonista de Bleton, é um escritor frustrado que consegue se transformar em um importante tradutor de romances espanhóis para o francês, cujo gosto pelas estratégias domesticadoras de tradução faz dele uma figura poderosa nos círculos editoriais de Paris, Madri e Barcelona. À medida que conquista mais e mais influência no mundo editorial, Janvier não hesita em transformar os autores que traduz em seus "nègres", ou seja, em ghostwriters encarregados de escrever os "originais" que devem ser estritamente fiéis às "traduções" que ele lhes envia. Quando alguns dos autores começam a questionar essa situação peculiar, Janvier os elimina sumariamente. Por meio de um exame detalhado da caracterização que Bleton faz do tradutor como um assassino, este artigo propõe uma reconsideração de alguns clichês que estão associados ao tradutor, ao seu trabalho e à suposta impropriedade de sua íntima relação com textos e autores.
Contribution of organic bulking materials on chemical quality of sewage sludge vermicompost
Authors: Hashemimajd Kazem , Jamaati-e-Somarin Shahzad
Published: January 2012

Vermicomposting is at suitable methods for stabilization and converting of sewage sludge into useful products. To investigate the effects of bulking material on vermicompost quality, an experiment was conducted in a factorial design with three replications. In this experiment, the final dried sludge in lagoons was mixed with bulking materials (woodchips, three leaves, and wheat straw) in four mixing proportion with swage sludge (0, 15, 30 and 45%, V/V). Chemical properties of bulking materials, sewage sludge, and produced vermicomposts were determined. Vermicomposts had relatively low pH and electrical conductivity (EC). The nutrients content of vermicompost, especially N, P, Fe, and Zn, were high. These properties showed its suitable quality for use in agriculture. Heavy metals concentrations of vermicomposts, except Zn, were lower than recommended values by EPA. Mixing of Bulking materials with sewage sludge decreased pH, N, Pb, Co, and Cd, but increased Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, and Ni content of produced vermicomposts. In most cases, the concentrations of nutrients were higher in 30% mixing proportion. Therefore, 30% (v/v) mixing of bulking material with sewage sludge is recommended for vermicompost production.
Previous cultivation of palisade grass and soil correctives: influence on growth and yield of soybean cultivated under various soil compaction levels
Authors: Souza Marcos André Silva , Silva Douglas Ramos Guelfi , Ávila Fabrício William , Faquin Valdemar , Oliveira Geraldo César de , Bastos Carla Elisa Alves
Published: January 2012

Soil compaction directly interferes on crop yield. The objectives of this work were to evaluate the effect of previous cultivation with palisade grass [Urochloa brizantha (C. Hochstetter ex A. Rich.) R. Webster cv. Marandu] and the use of soil correctives on the growth and yield of soybeans (Glycine max L.) cultivated under various soil compaction levels, in greenhouse conditions. The experiment was conducted in pots (columns) of 0.2 m diameter PVC tubes, composed of two rings: the lower ring, 0.4 m in height, received the soil (dystrophic Red Latosol, clayey texture) without corrective and a density of 1.0 Mg m-3; and the upper ring, 0,2 m in height, received the treatments of soil correctives and density. The experimental design was fully randomized in a 4 x 6 x 2 factorial outline, being four soil density levels (1.0; 1.20; 1.40 and 1.60 Mg m-3), six soil correctives (without corrective, lime, calcium silicate, gypsum, lime + gypsum and calcium silicate + gypsum) and two cultivation systems of the soybean (with and without previous cultivation of palisade grass). Starting from 1.2 Mg m-3 of soil density the soybean growth and yield were decreased. The use of soil correctives and previous soil cultivation with palisade grass decreased the harmful effects of the soil compaction on the soybean growth and yield. For the treatments that received previous cultivation with palisade grass, the soybean growth and yield were higher with application of lime + gypsum and calcium silicate + gypsum.
Addition of green banana flour to instant noodles: rheological and technological properties
Authors: Vernaza Maria Gabriela , Gularte Márcia Arocha , Chang Yoon Kil
Published: January 2012

Nowadays, there is considerable concern about the consumption of high fat and low fiber foods. The objective was to develop instant noodles (IN) with functional properties by adding 10% green banana flour (GBF), and determine the effect of this on the dough rheological properties. Noodles were obtained through sheeting, steaming and frying process. The IN were characterized for their moisture, fat, resistant starch (RS), texture and color. The proximate composition showed that GBF was rich in ash (3.16%), fiber (8.88%) and RS (45.70%), being an attractive raw material for the production of functional IN. When 10% GBF was added, rheological properties of dough changed because of dilution of gluten, making it weaker, but with enough extensibility and elasticity for functional IN production. The addition of 10% GBF significantly reduced the oil content in all the frying times, when compared to the control noodles, increasing also RS content. Ban10 noodles showed a lower L* value (78.12), indicating a darker color than the control noodles (92.36). In analyzing the firmness of Ban10 noodles, a decrease was observed due to dilution of gluten. However, Ban10 noodles showed a better nutritional profile due to the increase in ash and dietary fiber contents. In conclusion it can be affirmed that Ban10 noodles can be considered as functional IN, due to the presence of fiber (5.79%) and RS (3.98%) contents in the final product.
Analysis of volatile compounds of Ilex paraguariensis A. St. - Hil. and its main adulterating species Ilex theizans Mart. ex Reissek and Ilex dumosa Reissek
Authors: Dallago Rogério Marcos , Valduga Alice Teresa , Luccio Marco Di , Benin Silvane , Tres Marcus Vinícius
Published: January 2012

The adulteration of the product Ilex paraguariensis with other Ilex species is a mAjor problem for maté tea producers. In this work, three species of Ilex were evaluated for their volatile composition by headspace solid phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography and mass spectrum detector (HS-SPME/GC-MS). The adulterating species I. dumnosa and I. theizans Mart. ex Reissek presented a different profile of volatile organic compounds when compared to I. paraguariensis. Aldehydes methyl-butanal, pentanal, hexanal, heptanal and nonanal were detected only in the adulterating species. This result suggests that such compounds are potential chemical markers for identification of adulteration and quality analysis of products based on Ilex paraguariensis.
Discrimination of brazilian red varietal wines according to their sensory descriptors
Authors: Miele Alberto , Rizzon Luiz Antenor
Published: January 2012

The purpose of this paper was to establish the sensory characteristics of wines made from old and newly introduced red grape varieties. To attain this objective, 16 Brazilian red varietal wines were evaluated by a sensory panel of enologists who assessed wines according to their aroma and flavor descriptors. A 90 mm unstructured scale was used to quantify the intensity of 26 descriptors, which were analyzed by means of the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The PCA showed that three important components represented 74.11% of the total variation. PC 1 discriminated Tempranillo, Marselan and Ruby Cabernet wines, with Tempranillo being characterized by its equilibrium, quality, harmony, persistence and body, as well as by, fruity, spicy and oaky characters. The other two varietals were defined by vegetal, oaky and salty characteristics; PC 2 discriminated Pinot Noir, Sangiovese, Cabernet Sauvignon and Arinarnoa, where Pinot Noir was characterized by its floral flavor; PC 3 discriminated only Malbec, which had weak, floral and fruity characteristics. The other varietal wines did not show important discriminating effects.
Effect of a soybean and rice beverage on the lipid and glycemic metabolisms in hamsters
Authors: Jaekel Leandra Zafalon , Rodrigues Rosane da Silva
Published: January 2012

There is a growing interest in functional foods that, apart from their nutritional function, bring health benefits, contributing to wellbeing and/or reducing the risk of certain diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate the functional effect of a soybean and rice beverage on the ponderal and nutritional parameters and on the lipid and glycemic metabolisms of male hamsters. Four groups of 8 animals were used: Control (commercial feed), C (commercial feed with added cholesterol), B (commercial feed plus beverage) and CB (commercial feed plus cholesterol and beverage). The food efficiency coefficient was equivalent for all the groups. The weight of the liver was on average 28% heavier in groups C and CB than in the other groups, indicating cholesterol deposition in this organ. Although there was no significant difference, the concentrations of total cholesterol and of its fractions (LDL and HDL) and of the triglycerides, were lower in group CB than in group C, showing a possible benefic effect of the beverage. The blood glucose concentration did not differ significantly (p<0.05).
Relação entre alterações climáticas e fatores determinantes da mortalidade de idosos no município de São Carlos (SP) em um período de dez anos
Authors: Soares Fabiana Vieira , Greve Patrícia , Sendín Francisco Alburquerque , Benze Benedito Galvão , Castro Alessandra Paiva de , Rebelatto José Rubens
Published: January 2012

O objetivo desse estudo foi identificar as correlações existentes entre o número de óbitos de indivíduos idosos e as alterações climáticas no município de São Carlos (SP) em um período de 10 anos (1997-2006). Foram colhidas informações do registro de óbitos por meio do DATASUS, de pessoas com 60 anos ou mais, falecidas entre 1997 e 2006 no município. Os dados mensais da média das Temperaturas Máxima, Média e Mínima e da Umidade Relativa do Ar no município de São Carlos foram fornecidos pelo Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia. Calcularam-se os coeficientes de mortalidade do município, por sexo e faixa etária e os dados foram analisados com teste t, ANOVA de fator único, teste de Bonferroni e teste de Pearson. Ocorreram 8.304 óbitos, com predominância de indivíduos na faixa dos 80 anos ou mais, do sexo masculino. As doenças do aparelho circulatório foram as principais causas de óbito. Houve correlação positiva entre mortalidade por doenças infecciosas e Umidade Mínima e correlação negativa entre mortalidade por doenças infecciosas e Temperatura Mínima Mínima, entre mortalidade por doenças respiratórias e Umidade Mínima, entre mortalidade por doenças endócrinas e Temperatura Mínima Mínima e Temperatura Máxima Máxima. Dessa forma, foi possível concluir que houve relação entre o clima e a mortalidade de idosos em São Carlos.
Avaliação do Sistema de Vigilância Sanitária do Sangue em âmbito federal, Brasil, 2007
Authors: Mota Daniel Marques , Freitas Daniel Roberto Coradi , Araújo Wildo Navegantes de
Published: January 2012

Este estudo consistiu em avaliar o Sistema de Vigilância Sanitária do Sangue em âmbito federal (Vigisan). Trata-se de um estudo de avaliação em saúde que contemplou os seguintes componentes selecionados do Vigisan: sistema gerencial de cadastro de serviços hemoterápicos, programa de avaliação externa da qualidade de serviços de hemoterapia, sistema de hemovigilância, normatização e inspeção dos serviços de sangue e seus componentes. Além da descrição e do cálculo da eficiência (razão custo-efetividade) do Vigisan, a avaliação foi composta de duas fases com base em três métodos. O Vigisan apresentou uma estrutura mal definida, funcionamento regular e utilidade aceitável para a saúde pública. De um total de quatro indicadores definidos para a avaliação de desempenho, um obteve resultado satisfatório. Dos sete atributos estudados, três alcançaram uma avaliação positiva. A razão custo-efetividade foi de R$ 80.865,80 por atividade executada, o que resultou em perda de eficiência para o Sistema. Este estudo demonstra a importância da realização de avaliações de Sistemas de Vigilância em Saúde Pública, as quais devem ser realizadas periodicamente com a finalidade de contribuir no aperfeiçoamento do Sistema e, consequentemente, melhorar a saúde pública do país.
Evolução da aptidão física e capacidade funcional de mulheres ativas acima de 50 anos de idade de acordo com a idade cronológica, na cidade de Santos
Authors: Penha José Carlos Lopes , Piçarro Ivan da Cruz , Barros Neto Turibio Leite de
Published: January 2012

O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a evolução da aptidão física, capacidade funcional e densidade mineral óssea de mulheres fisicamente ativas durante um ano. Métodos: A amostra consistiu de 78 mulheres de 50 a 79 anos de idade (c: 62,4 ± 7,1 anos), participantes de um programa de exercícios aeróbicos, duas vezes por semana, 50 minutos por sessão durante 3,4 anos e divididas em três grupos: A: 5059 (n: 38); B: 6069 (n: 28); C: 7079 (n:12). Os resultados foram comparados usando ANOVA Two Way com "post-hoc" Bonferroni e delta percentual (*p<0,01). Resultados: A velocidade de levantar da cadeira evidenciou diferença significativa nos três grupos de -14,3% a -45,5%, na de andar, houve melhora significativa nos grupos A e B (-12,1% a -13,9%), na máxima de andar (-15,4% a -18,5%), a flexão de cotovelo em todos os grupos (18,9% a 24,1%) e a impulsão vertical (22,5% a 43,9%) nos grupos B e C; o levantar da cadeira em 30 segundos de 25,2% a 30,8% nos grupos A e B, o teste da flexibilidade no grupo A, que variou de 16,2% a 33,3% e a marcha estacionária nos três grupos de 16,4% a 30,0%; a densitometria óssea evidenciou ganho significativo de massa óssea de 3,1% a 10,2%. Conclusões: Os resultados sugerem um efeito favorável da atividade física regular.
Adult mortality from leukemia, brain cancer, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and magnetic fields from power lines: a case-control study in Brazil
Authors: Marcilio Izabel , Gouveia Nelson , Pereira Filho Mário Leite , Kheifets Leeka
Published: January 2012

Recent publications renewed interest in assessing potential health risks for subjects living close to transmission lines. This study aimed at evaluating the association of both distance of home address to the nearest overhead transmission line and of the calculated magnetic fields from the power lines and mortality from leukemia, brain cancer, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. We carried out a death certificate based case-control study accessing adult mortality in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo, in Brazil. Analysis included 1,857 cases of leukemia, 2,357 of brain cancer, 367 of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and 4,706 as controls. An increased risk for mortality from leukemia among adults living at closer distances to transmission lines compared to those living further then 400 m was found. Risk was higher for subjects that lived within 50 m from power lines (OR=1.47; 95% CI=0.99-2.18). Similarly, a small increase in leukemia mortality was observed among adults living in houses with higher calculated magnetic fields (OR=1.61; 95% CI=0.91-2.86 for those exposed to magnetic fields >0.3 µT). No increase was seen for brain tumours or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Our findings are suggestive of a higher risk for leukemia among subjects living closer to transmission lines, and for those living at homes with higher calculated magnetic fields, although the risk was limited to lower voltage lines.
Prevalência e distribuição dos fatores de risco para doenças crônicas não transmissíveis entre adultos da cidade de Lages (SC), sul do Brasil, 2007
Authors: Longo Giana Zarbato , Neves Janaina das , Castro Teresa Gontijo de , Pedroso Márcia Regina de Oliveira , Matos Izabella Barison
Published: January 2012

OBJETIVO: Descrever as prevalências e distribuições dos fatores de risco para doenças crônicas não-transmissíveis (DCNT) entre adultos da cidade de Lages, Santa Catarina, Brasil. MÉTODOS: Entrevistou-se amostra probabilística (n= 2022) da população adulta na faixa etária de 20 a 59 anos de idade, de ambos os sexos e residentes na zona urbana do município. O processo de amostragem foi por meio de conglomerados. O projeto aplicou questionário estruturado com questões relativas a variáveis demográficas, socioeconômicas, comportamentais e doenças autorreferidas. Para este estudo foram utilizadas as informações sobre os fatores de risco/proteção para DCNT: sexo, idade, escolaridade, índice de massa corporal, circunferência da cintura, tabagismo, atividade física, níveis pressóricos, diabetes mellitus autorreferida e características da alimentação. Foram calculadas as prevalências para os fatores de risco/proteção para DCNT na população total, de acordo com sexo e escolaridade. RESULTADOS: A população estudada é uma população eminente para DCNT, apresentando proporções expressivas de hipertensos (33,78%) e indivíduos com excesso de peso (33,46%), obesidade (23,46%) e obesidade abdominal (43,81%). Com relação às características da alimentação, as mulheres apresentaram maiores prevalências de comportamentos considerados fatores de proteção, em relação aos homens. Foram encontrados menos de 30,0% de indivíduos fisicamente inativos e 45,9% de fumantes ou ex-fumantes. CONCLUSÕES: Estudos descritivos como o presente poderão servir de base para o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas específicas para a população adulta de Lages, de forma a orientar a organização, planejamento e melhoria da qualidade dos serviços de assistência à saúde, buscando a redução na incidência e no impacto das DCNT.
Reliability study of the Behavioral Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome adapted for a Brazilian sample of older-adult controls and probable early Alzheimer's disease patients
Authors: Canali Fabíola , Brucki Sonia M. D. , Bertolucci Paulo H. F. , Bueno Orlando F. A.
Published: January 2012

OBJECTIVE: Ecological tests are useful in assessing executive function deficits and may be of value in appraising response to treatment in Alzheimer's disease patients. Our aims were to examine executive function using the Behavioral Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome for a Brazilian sample of older-adult controls and probable early Alzheimer's disease patients, and verify the applicability of this test battery. METHOD: Forty-one older-adult controls were matched with mild Alzheimer's disease patients by age, education, and gender. RESULTS: There significant inter-group differences in overall profile and almost all subtests except temporal judgment, time spent on planning the first and second Zoo Map visit, number of errors when copying drawings, naming pictures and Six Modified Elements arithmetic, and dysexecutive questionnaire self-rating. The Behavioral Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome item that best discriminated controls from patients was the Modified Six Elements - adapted (general index), with a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 90%, (AUC = 0.91, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Behavioral Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome was effective in detecting executive function deficits in mild Alzheimer's disease patients, particularly the task switching, time monitoring, and rule-shift subtests.
Medida Interpessoal de Psicopatia (IM-P): estudo preliminar no contexto brasileiro
Authors: Davoglio Tárcia Rita , Gauer Gabriel José Chittó , Vasconcellos Silvio José Lemos , Lühring Guinter
Published: January 2012

INTRODUÇÃO: A observação direta do comportamento interpessoal é um recurso importante na descrição e diagnóstico da personalidade psicopática. A Medida Interpessoal de Psicopatia (Interpersonal Measure of Psychopathy, IM-P) é um instrumento psicométrico composto por 21 itens, desenvolvido para ser utilizado em associação com outras escalas de avaliação da psicopatia. Foca-se, especificamente, nos comportamentos interpessoais e aspectos não verbais evidentes na interação do entrevistador com indivíduos que apresentam características psicopáticas. OBJETIVO: Descrever resultados preliminares sobre a investigação de aspectos interpessoais da psicopatia mediante a utilização da IM-P, incluindo as etapas de tradução/adaptação e avaliação de confiabilidade interavaliadores da IM-P, em uma amostra de adolescentes brasileiros. MÉTODO: Trata-se de estudo transversal, descritivo e correlacional realizado com 20 adolescentes masculinos cumprindo medida socioeducativa com privação de liberdade na Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre (RS). Após os procedimentos de tradução da escala, treinamento dos pesquisadores e teste piloto por meio de uma entrevista semiestruturada, a IM-P foi pontuada por três juízes independentes. RESULTADOS: Os resultados estatísticos, obtidos através do coeficiente de concordância de Kendall, revelaram grau de concordância interavaliadores elevado e satisfatório para os escores totais da IM-P (W = 0,84; p < 0,001). Alguns itens da escala que apresentaram resultados discrepantes foram discutidos e avaliados isoladamente. CONCLUSÃO: Do ponto de vista das propriedades psicométricas da versão em português da IM-P, os resultados deste estudo, embora incipientes, indicaram que a concordância interavaliadores foi consistente e que a escala se mostrou confiável. As limitações do estudo são apresentadas, bem como alguns questionamentos relevantes à continuidade da pesquisa com a IM-P.
Life‐history correlates of extinction risk and recovery potential
Authors: Hutchings Jeffrey A. , Myers Ransom A. , García Verónica B. , Lucifora Luis O. , Kuparinen Anna
Published: January 2012

Extinction risk is inversely associated with maximum per capita population growth rate (rmax). However, this parameter is not known for most threatened species, underscoring the value in identifying correlates of rmax that, in the absence of demographic data, would indirectly allow one to identify species and populations at elevated risk of extinction and their associated recovery potential. We undertook a comparative life‐history analysis of 199 species from three taxonomic classes: Chondrichthyes (e.g., sharks; n = 82), Actinopterygii (teleost or bony fishes; n = 47), and Mammalia (n = 70, including 16 marine species). Median rmax was highest for (and similar between) terrestrial mammals (0.71) and teleosts (0.43), significantly lower among chondrichthyans (0.26), and lower still in marine mammals (0.07). Age at maturity was the primary (and negative) correlate of rmax. In contrast, although body size was negatively correlated with rmax in chondrichthyans and mammals, evidence of an association in teleosts was equivocal, and fecundity was not related to rmax in fishes, despite recurring assertions to the contrary. Our analyses suggest that age at maturity can serve as a universal predictor of extinction risk in fishes and mammals when rmax itself is unknown. Moreover, in contrast to what is generally expected, the recovery potential of teleost fishes does not differ from that of terrestrial mammals. Our findings are supportive of the application of extinction‐risk criteria that are based on generation time and that are independent of taxonomic affinity.
Methodology for Quality Map Generation to Assist with the Selection and Refinement of Production Strategies
Authors: de A. Cavalcante Filho J. S.
Published: January 2012

The definition and optimization of production strategies involve many variables and a great number of possible scenarios and the problem complexity. Quality maps are important decision making tools capable of representing various reservoir properties, which influence field production and, therefore, are important for the process of defining and optimizing production strategies. These maps integrate geological and fluid variables, allowing for the identification of regions of greater or lower production potential, whether one is analyzing reservoirs in the development phase or mature fields. These maps were used by several authors yielding improvements in the reservoir productivity. The most commonly used method to generate a quality map uses reservoir numerical simulations considering a unique production well, operating for enough time to represent the oil potential of each position. The well position is changed in each simulation run in order to cover all the reservoir grid area. This could require long running times and high computational effort depending on the problem features, thus rendering the process unfeasible. The objective of this work is to speedup the process and to develop a reliable methodology. Therefore, several generation methods were developed in the present work and the best technique was selected after a thorough analysis. The kriging interpolation method was used for the skipped points in all cases. Three reservoir models are shown, two theoretical models, with homogeneous and heterogeneous properties, and one model derived from a real oil field. The results have shown that the method proposed in the present work, with fixed producers and injectors, is a reliable technique and yield good results, being also much faster than the methods presented in the literature.
Wellbore Stability and Trajectory Sensitivity Analyses Help Safe Drilling of the First Horizontal Well in Asl Formation, Gulf of Suez, Egypt
Authors: Dutta Dhruba J , Farouk Mohamed
Published: January 2012

Drilling in Gulf of Suez is difficult due to wellbore instability, lost circulation and time dependent shale stabilization related problems. Drilling troubles in this region generally originates from high earth stresses and abundant natural fractures and faults associated with this tectonically active region. Presence of salts and evaporates with depleting reservoir pressure of a mature field aggravate the problem. Operators in this region always experienced drilling difficulties which sometime leads to well abandonment and costs over-runs in millions of dollars. Planning for the present well was the first attempt to drill a horizontal section in the porous and oil bearing Asl sand. Therefore, the main objective of the current study was to assess the risk of wellbore instability which may occur while drilling and recommend the remedial action plan for any risk encountered.

Wellbore stability analysis has a major impact on the well design and planning the orientation of trajectory for safe and stable well and successful drilling operation. Traditional drilling practices based on pore-pressure of the reservoir and fracture gradient does not necessarily proved successful especially drilling horizontal wells. The failure criterion works in a completely different way for a horizontal well compared to a vertical well in the vicinity. Therefore, a safe vertical offset well inevitably never assures that the identical drilling design and practice will safely drill a horizontal well. The stress distribution and direction works differently for a vertical and a deviated or horizontal well. A rule of thumb is that the drilling gets more and more difficult with decreasing width of safe and stable mud window as the well becomes deviated and the situation worsen as the well turns horizontal. Adding to this complexity the direction of the trajectory with respect to in situ stress distribution and variation poses a major role in drilling a safe horizontal well.

The case history presents a geomechanical risk analysis for a planned horizontal dual lateral well. The study is based on stress regime and well failure with the significance of choosing proper mud weight and drilling parameters using a proper mechanical earth model from a nearby offset well. It includes an assessment of the major risks expected during drilling the horizontal section and also indicates magnitude of failure that can happen while drilling, based on the trajectory sensitivity analysis. The planned well was drilled without any wellbore stability related problem. The present study suggests the importance and benefits of a proper well stability study while drilling a horizontal well in a tectonically disturbed area.
Formation Evaluation Using Wireline Formation Tester (WFT): Case Study of an Exploratory Well in TAL Block Pakistan
Authors: Arshad Safwan , Ahmed Jawad , Mughal Muhammad Haroon
Published: January 2012

An exploratory well was drilled in the North West part of TAL Exploration License which penetrated multiple potential formations. Open hole logs were acquired and in view of the open hole log interpretation, Wireline Formation Tester (WFT) was planned to be conducted. Main objectives were to determine vertical pressure profile across the prospective formations of fractured limestone and sandstone nature, to identify fluid/contacts present in different formations and collect representative fluid samples. Based on open hole logs analysis, 30 points/intervals were selected across multiple potential formations for recording pretests using Single probe module and Dual Packer module. During the course of recording WFT log, Real Time data transmission system was also utilized that helped in taking many critical decisions. During the execution of WFT, valuable data was acquired successfully which facilitated in meeting the pre-defined objectives. This paper confers the results & analysis on data congregated during WFT campaign and its part played in formation evaluation and reducing number of DSTs in the well. Transient testing techniques were also employed on data acquired from Dual packer module (Mini DST) for the estimation of flow regimes and reservoir parameters. This paper also presents the comparison of reservoir parameters estimated from WFT-Dual Packer (Mini DST) & CHDST and discusses the possible causes of some of the variations.
Improved Oil Recovery in Mature Oil and Gas Fields Using Twin-Screw Multiphase Pumps
Authors: Müller-Link Dietrich
Published: January 2012

Today’s increasing demand for energy calls for a number of different measures to be taken in oil and gas production. The past has seen a considerable number of wells having been shut-in due to poor delivery, if any at all, or failing a commercial scenario. However, these assets gain more and more adherence, but an attractive commercial solution is sought, nevertheless catering for the specific needs and challenges arising from the fields in question.

Mature (or brown) fields often suffer from low wellhead pressures, making them unable to flow to the required first stage separation plant. Moreover, as intermediate gathering stations may have been closed in and dismantled due to an overall decreased production, even longer flowlines will lead to a higher pressure demand. Increased water content renders additional challenges because of higher pressure losses. In addition manpower in the fields has been reduced, giving a high rank on availability for new equipment to be installed. Furthermore regional legal frameworks call for stringent environmentally friendly handling of hydrocarbons. Thus, where gas flaring was state-of-the art in the past it is no longer allowed today. Subsequently the past common production scenarios require adjustments to a considerable extent.

Multiphase pumps are particularly suited, to help overcoming the above-mentioned issues. Their ability to add energy to the untreated wellstream, while reducing the wellhead pressure creates an entirely different pressure regime in the production system. While downhole inflow performance is enhanced, differential pressure across downhole pumps is decreased and at the very system end the gas delivery pressure is increased.
Increasing the World's Gas Reserves by the Exploitation of Unconventional Tight Gas Reservoir
Authors: Khlaifat Abdelaziz , Qutob Hani , Barakat Naiem
Published: January 2012

With the increased global demands on oil and gas, operators strive to maximize production by conducting more advanced drilling operations, such as extended reach, horizontal and high-pressure/high-temperature (HP-HT) drilling and are expanding globally into drilling unconventional resources. Unconventional gas resources offer significant gas production growth potential in the coming years, currently accounting for 43% of the US gas production. Tight Gas Sands (TGS) represents approximately 70% of the unconventional production and significant reserves are yet to be developed.

However, economical production of TGS is very challenging as it exists in reservoirs with micro-Darcy range permeability and low porosity but has a huge potential for production in the future. Poor permeability results in lower gas production rates from TGS reservoirs. In order to economically develop TGS resources an advanced technology has to be developed and implemented. Most of the TGS reservoirs are characterized by being thick (hundreds to thousands of feet thick) and multilayered where their gas production rates can be enhanced by hydraulic fracturing. Although service companies have large capabilities for conventional/unconventional reservoirs but the used technology to drill, complete and stimulate tight gas reservoir is quite complex and the results are often unexpected and unforeseen. The appropriate completion methods and stimulation techniques in these reservoirs are dependent on many parameters and variables, such as depth, pressure, temperature, capillary and overburden pressures and the number of sand layers.

This paper provides a technical overview of the state of the art technology used to develop those reservoirs. This work takes a multidisciplinary approach to better understand how gas can be produced from tight gas sand reservoirs. Two real case histories will be presented and discussed; Travis Peak formation in eastern Texas, USA; and Risha gas field in eastern Jordan.
Implementation of Surface Operating Conditions in Subsurface Reservoir Simulation Model by using Eclipse Simulator - A Case Study of Mari Gas Field (A Success Story), Pakistan
Authors: Shahid Muhammad , Altaf Basit , Tanvir Muhammad Zubair , Memon Aftab Ali
Published: January 2012

Subject paper discusses the success story of Gas Reservoir Simulation Model having more than 85 wells spread over the reservoir area within Gas-Water Contact (GWC) around 200,000 acres, built in Eclipse™ Simulator. The gas field has production history of over 40 years. The pipeline network of different sizes around 250 Km managing the whole system and successfully deliver the committed volume to different customers. Production Forecast cases need to be run which cater the network impact by implementation of surface operating conditions with subsurface Reservoir Simulation Modeling.
New Perspectives on Vogel Type IPR Models for Gas Condensate and Solution-Gas Drive Systems
Authors: Archer R. A. , Del Castillo Y. , Blasingame T. A.
Published: January 2012

In this work we propose two new Vogel-type Inflow performance Relations (or IPR ) correlations for gas condensate reservoir systems. One correlation predicts gas production the other predicts condensate production. These correlations link reservoir rock and fluid properties (dewpoint, temperature, and endpoint relative permeabilities) to the flowrate-pressure per-formance for the system.

The proposed IPR relationships for compositional reservoir systems are based on data from over 3000 compositional re-servoir simulation runs with various fluid properties and rela-tive permeability curves. The resulting IPR curves for gas condensate systems are quadratic in nature like the Vogel IPR trends (the Vogel profile generally presumed for the case of a solution gas-drive reservoir system). However in the gas con-densate case the coefficients in the quadratic relationship vary significantly depending on the richness of the condensate and the relative permeability. A model to predict these coeffi-cients was developed using an alternating conditional expecta-tion approach (optimal non-parametric regression).

This work also includes a discussion of the Vogel IPR for solution-gas drive systems. The original work proposed by Vogel is based on an empirical correlation of numerical simulations for a solution-gas-drive system. Our work provides a critical validation and extension of the Vogel work by esta-blishing a rigorous, yet simple formulation for flowrate-pres-sure performance in terms of effective permeabilities and pres-sure-dependent fluid properties. The direct application of this work is to predict the IPR for a given system directly from rock-fluid properties and fluid pro-perties. This formulation provides a new mechanism that can be used to couple flowrate and pressure behavior for solution-gas-drive systems and it may be possible to extend the concept to gas condensate reservoir systems.
Rural Entrepreneurship in a Time of Recession
Authors: Figueroa-Armijos María , Dabson Brian , Johnson Thomas G.
Published: January 2012

Economic recessions increase costs, risk, stress, uncertainty, and business failures while decreasing the availability of employment. Individuals who seek to become self-employed in recessionary times, whether out of need or for opportunity reasons, face difficult and unique circumstances. We use cross-section repeated-measures rare events logistic regression to model the effects that living in rural America and changes in the economy have on the probability of individuals engaging in necessity or opportunity entrepreneurial activities both before the recession (2005–2007) and during the recession (2008–2010). Key findings indicate that before the recession, individuals living in rural metro and nonmetro counties were more likely to engage in opportunity-driven entrepreneurial activities when compared to individuals living in more urban counties. Positive employment growth rates before the recession also increased the probability that individuals in rural areas would engage in opportunity entrepreneurship. The recession marked a shift in the motivation of individuals in rural America to become self-employed. There is a clear decline in opportunity entrepreneurship and an increase in necessity entrepreneurship. In all rural and mixed-rural counties, college education positively predicts opportunity entrepreneurship, whereas individuals with incomes below $50,000 or working in a part-time job are more likely to engage in entrepreneurship driven by need.
Entrepreneurship and Community: The Next Frontier of Entrepreneurship Inquiry
Authors: Lyons Thomas S. , Alter Theodore R. , Audretsch David , Augustine Darline
Published: January 2012

In this article, the authors examine the existing literature addressing the relationship between entrepreneurship and the community and conclude that this is an important, yet relatively neglected, topic. The article begins by defining the terms “community,” “entrepreneurship,” and the nexus of the two: “community development.” It then proceeds to explore what the current literature tells us about the interaction between these elements, touching upon issues of individualism vs. community, social capital building, productive and unproductive interaction, community culture, leadership, community entrepreneurship, and family venturing, among others. The article concludes with a set of observations about the types of research needed to fill gaps in our understanding of this delicate and vital relationship.
Long-term results of surgery for atresia ani with or without anogenital malformations in puppies and a kitten: 12 cases (1983–2010)
Authors: Ellison Gary W. , Papazoglou Lysimachos G.
Published: January 2012

Objective—To evaluate signalment, clinical findings, surgical treatment, and long-term outcomes in puppies and kittens after surgical repair of various types of atresia ani (AA) with or without concomitant anogenital or rectogenital malformations.

Design—Retrospective case series.

Animals—11 puppies and 1 kitten.

Procedures—Medical records of 2 veterinary teaching hospitals were reviewed for puppies and kittens that underwent surgical treatment for AA. Information regarding signalment, diagnosis, surgical procedures, follow-up time, and outcome was recorded. A previously described classification scheme was used to classify AA as type I, II, III, or IV. Follow-up times and outcomes were evaluated.

Results—AA was classified as type I in 3 animals, type II in 6, and type III in 3. Nine of 12 patients had anogenital or rectogenital malformations; 8 of these had rectovaginal fistulas. Eleven animals underwent in situ anoplasty, and 1 underwent surgery in which the rectovaginal fistula was used for anal reconstruction. Six also underwent balloon dilation for treatment of anal stenosis, and revision anoplasty was performed in 5. All patients with type I or II AA survived ≥ 1 year. Two puppies with type III AA were euthanized 3 and 40 days after surgery. Follow-up time for the remaining 10 patients ranged from 12 to 92 months, and 3 had fecal incontinence.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Surgical repair of type I or II AA resulted in long-term survival and fecal continence in most cases. Although numbers were small, patients with type III AA had poorer outcomes than did those with type I or II AA.