bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SOME OF THE BEST PRACTICES IN GENDER
PERSPECTIVE AND THE IMPLEMENTATION OF
UNSCR 1325 IN THE 25 YEARS OF SLOVENIAN
ARMED FORCES
Authors: TKAVC SUZANA
Published: February 2021

The United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325 on Women, Peace and Security (UNSCR 1325) celebrated its 15th anniversary in 2015. This year, the Republic of Slovenia (RS) and the Slovenian Armed Forces (SAF) both celebrate their 25th anniversary of Independence. The policy on gender equality, also considered in the SAF’s conditions of employment, has applied since the very beginning of the independent RS. Even though during the first years the RS and the SAF underwent some developmental processes, there were no legally forbidden areas for female personnel, nor programmes or branches which excluded the participation of women in the SAF. Women are represented throughout the SAF structure, from the tactical to the strategic levels of command, including decision-making positions both in Slovenia and abroad. The highest rank in the SAF held by a woman since 2011 is that of Brigadier. The overall percentage of women in the SAF structure is between 15% and 16% performing active duty in the past decade. Women have been deployed to international operations and missions since the deployment of the first Slovenian contingent in 1997. The implementation of UNSCR 1325 and the integration of gender perspective are applied through different processes, such as education, pre-deployment training and operational planning, among others. This paper demonstrates some selected best practices of the SAF on the integration of gender perspective and the implementation of UNSCR 1325.

Leta 2015 je Resolucija Varnostnega sveta 1325 o ženskah, miru in varnosti praznovala 15-letnico. Letos praznujemo 25-letnico samostojnosti Republike Slovenije in slovenskih oboroženih sil. Politika enakosti spolov, ki je bila upoštevana tudi v pogojih za zaposlitev v Slovenski vojski, je v veljavi vse od začetka samostojnosti RS. Kljub temu da so v prvih letih v RS in slovenskih oboroženih silah potekali razvojni procesi, ni bilo prepovedi razporejanja žensk na vojaške dolžnosti niti programov ali področij dela, v katera vključevanje žensk v oboroženih silah ne bi bilo mogoče. Ženske so zastopane v celotni strukturi SV, od taktične do strateške ravni poveljevanja, vključno s položaji odločanja v Sloveniji in tujini. Najvišji čin, ki ga od leta 2011 ima ženska v SV, je brigadirski. V strukturi SV je bilo v zadnjih desetih letih skupno zaposlenih od 15 do 16 odstotkov žensk. Ženske pripadnice sodelujejo v mednarodnih operacijah in na misijah od prvega slovenskega kontingenta, ki je bil napoten leta 1997. Izvajanje resolucije VS OZN 1325 in vidika spola sta vključena v izvajanje različnih procesov, kot so izobraževanje, usposabljanje za mednarodne operacije in misije, operativno načrtovanje in drugo. V članku so predstavljene nekatere dobre prakse SV na področju vključevanja vidika spola in izvajanja resolucije VS OZN 1325.
AN ANALYSIS AND CRITIQUE OF THE UNSCR 1325
RESOLUTION – WHAT ARE RECOMMENDATIONS
FOR FUTURE OPPORTUNITIES?
Authors: Derbyshire Jane
Published: February 2021

UNSCR 1325 was a watershed moment for women, peace and security. This article analyses and critiques the Resolution itself. The current implementation of the Resolution is identified, including failures to include women in all aspects of peace and conflict processes. Key opportunities to achieve transformative change are covered: meaningful engagement with civil society, experts and governments; a co- ordinated strategy to unite men and men's groups as male champions of change; and states having high-impact well-resourced national action plans that are a meta-policy requiring a complete gender re-think. The article concludes that the most important requirement is that there is a true commitment to gender equality in order to move from aspiration to action; the time to act is now.

Resolucija VS OZN 1325 pomeni prelomnico za ženske, mir in varnost. Članek vključuje analizo in oceno resolucije. Analiza obsega uresničevanje resolucije, vključno z napakami o nevključevanju žensk na vseh ravneh mirovnih in konfliktnih procesov. Obravnavane so ključne priložnosti za doseganje sprememb: resno sodelovanje s civilno družbo, strokovnjaki in vladami, usklajena strategija združevanja moških skupin in posameznikov kot moških pobudnikov sprememb ter sprejemanje dobro financiranih in vplivnih nacionalnih akcijskih načrtov v različnih državah kot neke vrste meta politike, za katero je nujno popolno prevrednotenje vlog spolov. Iz sklepov članka izhaja, da je najpomembnejša resnična predanost enakosti spolov, s katero se bo mogoče premakniti od prizadevanj k dejanjem. Zdaj je pravi čas za ukrepanje.
WOMEN IN MILITARY SISTEM:
BETWEEN VIOLENCE AND VULNERABILITY
Authors: FURLAN ŠTANTE NADJA
Published: February 2021

The paper brings together perceptions and concerns about the practical consequences of the misconceptions of the concept of women’s vulnerability and the question of negative gender stereotypes and prejudices regarding women in military profession.

The emancipation viewpoint within the context of women in the military profession and women confronting cobat (war) situations and equivalence, is introduced within the universal orientation of the impact of negative gender stereotypes and prejudices formed and perpetuated within religion-society cyrcle and confronted with the issue of understanding women as both offensive and defensive weapons of war.

Within popular discourse, women’s bodies, menstrual blood, and female sexuality can be used as tactics of war because of the potency of their association with the danger of nature. To that extent the vulnerability of women’s bodies could be understood as the one being violated and abused to violet others.

Prispevek poskuša združiti vprašanje posledic napačnega razumevanja in tolmačenja ranljivosti žensk ter vprašanja negativnega vpliva spolnih stereotipov in predsodkov na položaj žensk v vojaškem sistemu. Emancipacijski vidik v kontekstu vprašanja žensk v vojaškem poklicu in žensk na kriznih, bojnih (vojnih) žariščih in v kriznih situacijah je soočen s posledicami vpliva negativnih spolnih stereotipov in predsodkov, ki so jih oblikovale in favorizirale zahodne družbeno-religijske agende, in posledično izzvan z vprašanjem razumevanja ženske kot ofenzivnega in defenzivnega vojaškega orožja. V popularnem diskurzu se namreč ženska telesa, menstrualna kri in ženska seksualnost zaradi učinkovitosti združevanja predsodka nevarnosti žensk z nevarnostjo narave pogosto uporabljajo kot vojaška taktika. V tem smislu bi lahko ranljivost ženskih teles razumeli v kontekstu tistih, ki so zlorabljena in podvržena nasilju nasilnih drugih (moških, sistema itn.).
REDUÇÃO DE NÃO CONFORMIDADES ATRAVÉS DA APLICAÇÃO DA METODOLOGIA DMAIC
Authors: Emmel Silva André Luiz , Hoppe Daniel Augusto , Kaufmann Ezequiel Augusto , Losekann II Paulo Ricardo , Ribas de Moraes Jorge André
Published: February 2021

De acordo com dados repassados pelo setor financeiro de uma empresa do ramo de refrigeração comercial, observou-se que dentre os custos evitáveis da organização, a maior parcela acontece devido à assistência técnica prevista na garantia dos produtos. Nesse contexto, em meio a um período de economia nacional instável, busca-se mais do que nunca cortes de custos em geral, a fim de que a empresa se mantenha competitiva no mercado. Propôs-se, então, implantar métodos para diminuir as ocorrências no SAC. Dentre o contexto de controle total de qualidade, a principal ferramenta usada é a DMAIC, a qual consiste em definir o problema, mensurar os dados e analisá-los, melhorar o processo e controlá-lo. Observou-se, para isto, as maiores incidências do SAC, tais como vazamentos de gás, instruções de uso, problemas de montagem, sistema de iluminação e barulhos no motor. Houve, portanto, o intuito de dar maior atenção àquelas que representam maior número de incidências. Estas ocorrências foram trabalhadas de acordo com o DMAIC, melhorando o produto, reduzindo custos e aumentando a satisfação do cliente.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: SAC, Qualidade, DMAIC, Custos de Qualidade, Melhorias.
Abstract: According to the data collected by the financial department of a company of the commercial refrigeration sector, it was observed that among the avoidable costs of an organization, the largest share is related to the technical assistance provided during after-sales services. In this context, in the midst of a period of unstable national economy, we seek more than ever to cut costs in general, so that the company remains competitive in the market. Therefore, it was proposed the use of quality tools aiming to reduce the number of after-sales assistances. Within the context of total quality control, a major tool is DMAIC, which consists in defining a problem, measuring and analyzing the data, improving and controlling the process. In order to apply it, the problems with the greatest number of incidences were analyzed, such as gas leaks, operating instructions, assembling problems, lighting system and compressor noise. Thus, it was aimed to pay greater attention to the problems that represent the greatest share of the incidences. The occurrences were addressed in accordance to DMAIC, improving the product, reducing costs and increasing customer satisfaction.
KEYWORDS: Customer Service, Quality, DMAIC, Quality Costs, Improvements.
Variantes climáticas e sua relação com as doenças de origem infecciosa: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Lima Tatiana Fabíola da Silva , Costa Gabriel Fazzi , Silva Susiane Martins , Viana Gessica da Silva Farias , Barros Brenda Tanielle Dutra , Mendes Luceny Oliveira , Castro Hayla Cristina de Oliveira , Oliveira Virgínia Mercês Lara Pessoa , Marcos Weber , Melo Maria Karoline Alves
Published: February 2021

Os fatores antropogênicos como deslocamento de populações, aglomerações e o processo acelerado e precário de urbanização em consonância aos fatores climáticos criam condições para aumento rápido de doenças transmissíveis, principalmente as de origem infecciosa. Este estudo corrobora com a ideia de que as variações do clima podem causar efeitos indesejáveis sobre o estado saudável do homem, de formato direto e/ou indireto. O objetivo da presente revisão foi investigar e analisar os estudos existentes na literatura acerca da relação existente entre as variantes climáticas e as doenças de origem infecciosa. Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica qualitativa, descritiva, do tipo Revisão Integrativa da Literatura, baseada em investigações científicas divulgadas entre 2015 a 2020. Efetuou-se buscas nas bases de dados: SciELO, LILACS e MEDLINE. A coleta dos estudos foi posta a um instrumento do formulário autenticado por Ursi e Galvão (2015) adaptado. Para análise das informações, foi utilizada a Análise de Conteúdo Temático de Bardin (ACTB). Identificaram-se no total 220 publicações, sendo 203 no MEDLINE, 14 no LILACS e 03 na SciELO. Amostra final foram de 13 produções. O quantitativo de pesquisas brasileiras acerca da temática foi inferior ao esperado, o que é capaz de ser justificado, talvez, pela escolha das palavras-chave. A temperatura, a umidade, a intervenção antropogênica entre outros, alteram ou influenciam de alguma forma na disseminação desta infecção, isto acende advertência para a importância de uma aproximação inter e multidisciplinar, mas partindo uma perspectiva ética sustentável e justa que permita a convivência digna e equilibrada com todos os seres vivos.
Chemical and bacteriological analysis of the water from drinking fountains located in a Higher Education Institution
Authors: Oliver Josidel Conceição , Paula Ramon Alves de Oliveira , Veiga Sandra Maria Oliveira Morais
Published: February 2021

The aim of this study was to evaluate, through chemical and bacteriological parameters, the water quality from drinking fountains at a Federal Higher Education Institution, in different climatic periods. Total coliforms and Escherichia coli were quantified by the enzyme method of the defined substrate; heterotrophic bacteria by plating in depth in Plate Count Agar; pH and chlorine, using commercial kits. The research was conducted in two stages: the first one, referring to the initial analyses during the rainy season, with the verification of the presence of samples in disagreement with the current legislation; and the second, during the dry period, after the corrective measures adopted in function the results obtained in the first stage, totalling 89 samples in both stages, from 49 drinking fountains. In the first stage, bacteriological evaluations showed that 65.3 % of the samples were inadequate, while in the second, the failure rate was 20.4 %. The parameters evaluated in the two stages revealed that there was no significant result (p˃0.05) in relation to pH, total coliforms and Escherichia coli. Unlike what was observed for mesophilic aerobic and chlorine content (p<0.05), which are believed to have been influenced by climatic conditions, with higher rates of non-compliance in the first stage, that is, found in the rainy season. These findings demonstrate the existence of inadequate hygienic-sanitary conditions and the need of frequent monitoring of water quality, as well as the positive impact after the educational intervention and the adoption of preventive and corrective measures, aimed at the safety of the consumer community.
Aproveitamento dos resíduos da colheita florestal: estado da arte e oportunidades
Authors: Amorim Erick Phelipe , Pimenta Alexandre Santos , Souza Elias Costa de
Published: February 2021

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo apresentar uma revisão da literatura sobre a utilização de resíduos de colheita florestal como fonte de biomassa, desde a geração até a ponta final de consumo. Objetivou também elencar as principais espécies florestais plantadas no Brasil com potencial de produção de resíduos e, ainda, abordar a quantificação, qualificação dessa biomassa e as tendências do mercado para o seu aproveitamento e utilização em forma de produtos de maior valor agregado. Entende-se como resíduos de colheita florestal, tudo aquilo o que é deixado no campo após a retirada dos troncos por diferentes tipos de máquinas, incluindo cascas, folhas, galhos e ponteiras. Além de apresentar as estratégias de colheita florestal, este trabalho de revisão mostra as técnicas passíveis de serem utilizadas na conversão dos resíduos da mesma em produtos comercializáveis.
Adesão pela equipe de enfermagem a lista de verificação cirúrgica: uma revisão narrativa
Authors: Aguir Fernanda Soares de , Rodrigues Francisco Carlos Pinto , Fontana Rosane Teresinha , Bittencourt Vivian Lemes Lobo
Published: February 2021

A cirurgia segura envolve práticas adotadas para redução dos riscos de eventos adversos e danos que poderão vir a ocorrer no paciente antes, durante ou após a cirurgia. A introdução da lista de verificação para cirúrgica segura, também conhecido como checklist, é um passo para uma nova cultura de segurança na sala operatória. Este estudo tem como objetivo investigar a produção de conhecimento sobre a adesão ao checklist de cirurgia segura. Trata-se de um estudo de revisão bibliográfica sobre a adesão ao uso do checklist no centro cirúrgico. A equipe de enfermagem tem papel essencial na adesão à lista de verificação de cirurgia segura, pois se responsabiliza pela qualificação, comunicação e capacitação profissional, com vistas à melhoria do serviço e a redução de eventos adversos. A adesão ao checklist deve ser aprimorada para contribuir com a redução de eventos adversos e a promoção da segurança do paciente. O estudo apontou que há várias publicações que demonstram a real efetividade do checklist na literatura, porém se evidenciou que a sua adesão na prática clínica ainda é baixa apontando uma lacuna no conhecimento a ser preenchida pela enfermagem, em especial, as equipes que atuam em centro cirúrgico.
Production of functional beer with the addition of probiotic: Saccharomyces boulardii
Authors: Reitenbach Amanda Felipe , Iwassa Isabela Julio , Barros Beatriz Cervejeira Bolanho
Published: February 2021

Industries have been investing in the development of functional products, such as the ones produced with probiotic microorganisms. The aim of this study was to develop a Pilsen-style beer with functional properties through the addition of the Saccharomyces boulardii probiotic. The beer was fermented with low-fermentation commercial yeast. The probiotic culture was added next, evaluating its probiotic potential. Microbiological, sensorial and physicochemical aspects were evaluated in the obtained products. The S. boulardii strain presented probiotic viability after the confirmation of the resistance to acid, bile salts and ethyl alcohol tests, maintaining superior levels of colony-forming to the indicated by the legislation during the 28 days storage. The beer with probiotic addition has not differed sensorially from the commercial beer concerning the aroma, flavor, general appearance and color. The results of sensorial, physicochemical and microbiological analysis showed the viability of the production of probiotic beer with the addition of S. boulardii.
Percepção e conhecimento do enfermeiro frente ao tratamento conservador da doença renal
Authors: Camargo Ananda Olívio , Rebelo Tainá Emanuele Coelho , Ravagnani Juliana Furlan , Rodrigues Aline Scharr , Milagres Clarice Santana
Published: February 2021

O tratamento conservador do paciente renal se faz necessário em todas as instâncias da progressão da doença renal, visto o aumento exponencial de pacientes em terapia dialítica. O enfermeiro possui papel chave no manejo da doença, sendo necessário o conhecimento acerca de todas as formas de tratamento, das terapias de tratamento e dos cuidados específicos que o paciente precisa. Objetivo: verificar o conhecimento dos enfermeiros atuantes na assistência aos pacientes com progressão de perda da função renal, sobre as terapias dialíticas, assim como identificar suas percepções sobre o tratamento conservador em uma unidade de internação hospitalar. Metodologia: estudo de abordagem qualitativa em um hospital universitário no interior do Estado de São Paulo. A população do estudo foram enfermeiros que atuavam na Unidade de Internação Adulto. Foi realizada uma entrevista semiestruturada com questões discursivas, analisadas segundo o discurso do sujeito coletivo de Bardin. Resultados: dez enfermeiros compuseram a pesquisa e a partir da análise das transcrições das entrevistas emergiram duas categorias: conhecimento do enfermeiro sobre as terapias dialíticas e conhecimento e percepção do enfermeiro sobre o tratamento conservador. Conclusão: Contempla-se que há o conhecimento a respeito das terapias dialíticas e do tratamento conservador pelos enfermeiros. Contudo ressalta-se a importância da educação continuada de todos os setores intra hospitalares sobre o tratamento dialítico e conservador do paciente renal.
Epidemiological survey for goat leptospirosis in two distinct biomes in Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Viana Maira Porto , Silva José Dêvede da , Lima Ana Milena César , Alves Francisco Selmo Fernandes , Pinheiro Raymundo Rizaldo , Calado Lucas Gonzales Lima Pereira , Costa Diego Figueiredo da , Higino Severino Silvano dos Santos , Azevedo Sérgio Santos de , Alves Clebert José
Published: February 2021

Caprine breeding is a largely exploited activity in Brazil, with a herd of over 10 million goats concentrated mostly in the Northeast region, which contains 93.9% of the national herd. However, this region is affected by huge losses due to inappropriate management and illness occurrence, such as leptospirosis, a reproductive disease that causes economic and productive losses. Considering these previous statements, we aimed to determine the most frequent seroprevalence, serogroups and factors associated with the occurrence of leptospirosis in goats from different states and biomes of the Brazilian northeast and properly locate the disease throughout the region through the analysis of epidemiological questionnaires and geographic data. The samples were submitted to the Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT) with a cutoff of 50. In addition, geographic data were analysed to create maps with epidemiological descriptions of the disease in the states. The total occurrence of seropositive animals was 19.93% (119/597), 18.92% (35/185) in the state of Alagoas and 20.38% (84/412) in Maranhão. The most common serogroups in these states were Autumnalis (31.09%) and Icterohaemorrhagiae (23.81%). Dividing the results, it was possible to observe a greater occurrence of the serogroup Autumnalis (42.86%) Icterohaemorrhagiae (28.57%) in the state of Alagoas, Caatinga biome, plus Autumnalis (26.19%) and Icterohaemorrhagiae (23.81%) in the state of Maranhão, Cerrado biome. It was proven that Leptospira sp. is present in both states and biomes analyzed, present in diverse areas as in vegetation and climate, warning preventive care towards the disease.
Physiological quality of soybean seeds stored after industrial treatments with different chemicals
Authors: Pereira Renata Cristiane , Pereira Lucas Caiubi , Braccini Alessandro Lucca , Correia Larissa Vinis , Pelloso Murilo Fuentes , Matera Thaisa Cavalieri , Silva Breno Gabriel da , Borges Yana Miranda , Coppo Carla , Santos Rayssa Fernanda dos
Published: February 2021

This study aimed to relate the smallest set of variables that compose the quality of soybean seeds lot under study, as well as to evaluate the influence of four industrial seed treatments and their respective slurry volumes on the physiological potential. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized block design with 4 replicates and 24 treatments. The chemical treatments were: control (T1), micronutrient + polymer + drying powder (T2), bioregulator + polymer + drying powder (T3) and micronutrient + bioregulator + polymer + drying powder (T4). The seeds were stored for periods of 0, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 90 days and were subsequently evaluated for their physiological potential. In each storage period, the variable germination, first count, accelerated aging, emergence speed index, final emergence in the sand substrate, aerial part length, root length and total seedling length were evaluated. The main components of the standard germination test and first count were the ones that most contributed to explaining the variability of the original data. Increasing the volume of the slurry in the industrial seed treatment reduces the physiological quality of soybean seeds during storage.
The global prevalence of Toxocara spp. in pediatrics: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Abedi Behnam , Akbari Mehran , KhodaShenas Sahar , Tabibzadeh Alireza , Abedi Ali , Ghasemikhah Reza , Soheili Marzieh , Bayazidi Shnoo , Moradi Yousef
Published: February 2021

Background: Toxocariasis is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati in humans. Various types of T. canis are important.Purpose: The current study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Toxocara spp. in pediatrics in the context of a systematic review and meta-analysis.Methods: The MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Sciences, Embase, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health databases were searched to identify peer-reviewed studies published between January 2000 and December 2019 that report the prevalence of Toxocara spp. in pediatrics. The evaluation of articles based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria was performed by 2 researchers individually.Results: The results of 31 relevant studies indicated that theprevalence of Toxocara spp. was 3%–79% in 10,676 cases. The pooled estimate of global prevalence of Toxocara spp. in pediatrics was 30 (95% confidence interval, 22%–37%; I2=99.11%; P=0.00). The prevalence was higher in Asian populations than in European, American, and African populations.Conclusion: Health policymakers should be more attentive to future research and approaches to Toxocara spp. and other zoonotic diseases to improve culture and identify socioeconomically important factors.
Cardiac remodeling and MMPs on the model of chronic daunorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy in rabbits
Authors: Adamcová M , Potáčová A , Popelová O , Štěrba M , Mazurová Y , Aupperle H , Geršl V
Published: February 2021

The matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play a key role during
cardiac remodeling. The aim of the study was to investigate the
changes in collagenous proteins and MMPs in the model of
non-ischemic, anthracycline-induced chronic cardiomyopathy in
rabbits using both biochemical and histological approaches. The
study was carried out in three groups of Chinchilla male rabbits:
1) daunorubicin (3 mg/kg, once weekly for 10 weeks), 2) control
(saline in the same schedule), 3) daunorubicin with the
cardioprotectant dexrazoxane (60 mg/kg, before each
daunorubicin). Morphological changes in the myocardium of
daunorubicin-treated animals were characterized by focal
myocardial interstitial fibrosis of different intensity. The
subsequent proliferation of the fibrotic tissue was marked by an
increased content of both collagen types I and III, which resulted
in their typical coexpression in the majority of bundles of fibers
forming either smaller or larger scars. Biochemical analysis
showed a significantly increased concentration of hydroxyproline,
mainly in the pepsin-insoluble fraction of collagenous proteins, in
the daunorubicin-treated group (1.42±0.12 mg/g) as compared
with the control (1.03±0.04 mg/g) and dexrazoxane (1.07±0.07
mg/g) groups. Dexrazoxane co-administration remarkably
reduced the cardiotoxic effects of daunorubicin to the extent
comparable with the controls in all evaluated parameters. Using
zymography, it was possible to detect only a gelatinolytic band
corresponding to MMP-2 (MMP-9 activity was not detectable).
However, no significant changes in MMP-2 activity were
determined between individual groups. Immunohistochemical
analysis revealed increased MMP-2 expression in both
cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts. Thus, this study has revealed
specific alterations in the collagen network in chronic
anthracycline cardiotoxicity in relationship to the expression and
activity of major MMPs.
Lipofuscin-like pigments in the rat heart during early postnatal development: effect of selenium supplementation
Authors: Ošťádalová I , Charvátová Z , Wilhelm J
Published: February 2021

The aim of the study was to characterize a) the lipofuscin-like
pigment (LFP) accumulation (an indicator of ROS production) in
the rat heart during early postnatal period and b) possible
antioxidative role of selenium. Experimental animals received
Na2SeO3 in drinking water during gravidity and up to day 15 post
partum. Two fluorophores of LFP in the hearts of 1-, 4-, 7- and
15-day-old rats were evaluated by fluorescent analysis. The
highest level of heart/body weight ratio in control rats was
observed on day 4, in the Se-supplemented rats on day 7.
Cardiac LFP content in controls increased from postnatal day 4, in
the hearts of Se-supplemented rats the LFP content increased
already from day 1. As compared with the Se-supplemented
group the LFP content of control hearts was significantly higher
on day 1 but significantly lower on day 4. LFP concentration in
control hearts decreased from postnatal day 1 to 4; this decrease
was followed by significant increase until day 7 and decrease to
day 15. LFP concentration in the Se-supplemented hearts was
the highest on postnatal day 7; it differed from controls on day 1
and 4. Significant changes of LFP suggest an important role of
ROS during critical ontogenetic period.
Roles of conserved ectodomain cysteines of the rat P2X4 purinoreceptor in agonist binding and channel gating
Authors: Rokic MB , Tvrdoňová V , Vávra V , Jindřichová M , Obšil T , Stojilkovic SS , Zemková H
Published: February 2021

Mammalian P2X receptors contain 10 conserved cysteine residues
in their ectodomains, which form five disulfide bonds (SS1-5).
Here, we analyzed the relevance of these disulfide pairs in rat
P2X4 receptor function by replacing one or both cysteines with
alanine or threonine, expressing receptors in HEK293 cells and
studying their responsiveness to ATP in the absence and
presence of ivermectin, an allostenic modulator of these
channels. Response to ATP was not altered when both cysteines
forming the SS3 bond (C132-C159) were replaced with
threonines. Replacement of SS1 (C116-C165), SS2 (C126-C149)
and SS4 (C217-C227), but not SS5 (C261-C270), cysteine pairs
with threonines resulted in decreased sensitivity to ATP and
faster deactivation times. The maximum current amplitude was
reduced in SS2, SS4 and SS5 double mutants and could be
partially rescued by ivermectin in SS2 and SS5 double mutants.
This response pattern was also observed in numerous single
residue mutants, but receptor function was not affected when
the 217 cysteine was replaced with threonine or arginine or when
the 261 cysteine was replaced with alanine. These results
suggest that the SS1, SS2 and SS4 bonds contribute substantially
to the structure of the ligand binding pocket, while the SS5 bond
located towards the transmembrane domain contributes to
receptor gating.
Changes of muscle-derived cytokines in relation to thiol redox status and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species
Authors: Zembron-Lacny A , Naczk M , Gajewski M , Ostapiuk-Karolczuk J , Dziewiecka H , Kasperska A , Szyszka K
Published: February 2021

The aim of this study was to compare the levels of the plasma
muscle-derived cytokines (myokines) and reactive oxygen and
nitrogen species (RONS) after muscle damage triggered by
different exercises, and to demonstrate the relationships between
RONS, thiol redox status and myokines. Sixteen young men
participated in a 90-min run at 65 % VO2max (Ex.1) or 90-min
run at 65 % VO2max finished with a 15-min eccentric phase
(Ex.2, downhill running). Plasma samples were collected before
and at 20 min, 24 h and 48 h after exercise. The exercise trials
significantly elevated the concentrations of plasma hydrogen
peroxide (H2O2) and 8-isoprostane at 20 min rest. Myokines IL-6
and IL-10 increased at 20 min rest while IL-1β and TNFα
increased at 24 h rest following both running. Ex.2 caused a
significant increase in nitric oxide (NO), IL-6, IL-10 and oxidized
glutathione (GSSG) levels. Thiol redox status (GSHtotal2GSSG/GSSG) decreased by about 30 % after Ex.2 as compared to Ex.1. H2O2 and NO directly correlated with IL-6, IL-10, IL-1β, TNFα and glutathione. These results show that eccentric work is
an important factor that enhances the production of RONS and
muscle-derived cytokines, and that there is a possible
participation of thiol redox status in the release of myokines to
blood.
Effect of lithium on smooth muscle contraction and phosphorylation of myosin light chain by MLCK
Authors: Tang ZY , Liu ZN , Fu L , Chen DP , Ai QD , Lin Y
Published: February 2021

The aims of our study were to investigate into the effect of
lithium on smooth muscle contraction and phosphorylation of
myosin light chain (MLC20) by MLCK and to find out the clue of its
mechanism. Isolated rabbit duodenum smooth muscle strips
were used to study the effects of lithium on their contractile
activity under the condition of Krebs’ solution by means of HW400S constant temperature smooth muscle trough. Myosin and
MLCK were purified from the chicken gizzard smooth muscle.
Myosin phosphorylation was determined by Glycerol-PAGE,
myosin Mg2+-ATPase activity was measured by Pi liberation
method. Lithium (10-40 mM) inhibited the contraction in
duodenum in a dose-related and time-dependent manner.
Lithium could also inhibit the extent of myosin phosphorylation in
a dose-related and time-dependent manner, whereas it inhibited
Mg2+-ATPase activity in a dose-related manner. Lithium inhibited
smooth muscle contraction by inhibition of myosin
phosphorylation and Mg2+-ATPase activity.
Changes of calcium binding protein expression in spinothalamic tract neurons after peripheral inflammation
Authors: Sojka D , Zacharova G , Spicarova D , Palecek J
Published: February 2021

Specific neuronal populations are known to express calcium
binding proteins (CBP) such as calbindin (CB), parvalbumin (PV)
and calretinin (CR). These CBP can act as calcium buffers that
modify spatiotemporal characteristics of intracellular calcium
transients and affect calcium homeostasis in neurons. It was
recently shown that changes in neuronal CBP expression can
have significant modulatory effect on synaptic transmission.
Spinothalamic tract (STT) neurons form a major nociceptive
pathway and they become sensitized after peripheral
inflammation. In our experiments, expression of CBP in STT
neurons was studied in a model of unilateral acute knee joint
arthritis in rats. Altogether 377, 374 and 358 STT neurons in the
segments L3-4 were evaluated for the presence of CB, PV and
CR. On the contralateral (control) side 11 %, 9 % and 47 % of
the retrogradely labeled STT neurons expressed CB, PV and CR,
respectively. On the ipsilateral (arthritic) side there was
significantly more CB (23 %) and PV (25 %) expressing STT
neurons, while the number of CR positive neurons (50 %) did not
differ. Our results show increased expression of fast (CB) and
slow (PV) calcium binding proteins in STT neurons after induction
of experimental arthritis. This suggests that change in CBP
expression could have a significant effect on calcium homeostasis
and possibly modulation of synaptic activity in STT neurons.
Pengaruh Edukasi terhadap Kepatuhan Minum Obat Pasien Hipertensi : A Literature Review
Authors: Walanda Irwan Embang , Makiyah Sri Nabawiyati Nurul
Published: February 2021

Edukasi merupakan suatu bentuk tindakan mandiri keperawatan untuk membantu penderita hipertensi baik individu, kelompok, maupun masyarakat dalam mengatasi masalah kesehatannya melalui kegiatan pembelajaran, yang di dalamnya perawat sebagai perawat pendidik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melakukan literature review terhadap artikel-artikel yang meneliti tentang pengaruh edukasi terhadap kepatuhan minum obat  pasien hipertensi. Menggunakan database dengan penelusuran EBSCO, Google Scholar, Scien Diract, Pubmed yang dipublikasikan pada tahun 2014-2019. Responden  yang digunakan berusia 30 –70 tahun pada pasien hipertensi. literature review ini menunjukkan ada pengaruh secara signifikan pemberian edukasi dan konseling terhadap kepatuhan minum obat pada pasien hipertensi (P = 0.00). Terdapat pengaruh edukasi dan konseling terhadap kepatuhan minum obat pada pasien hipertensi.
Peran Kelompok Kerja (POKJA) Pemilihan Pengadaan Barang Jasa Di RSUD Depati Bahrin
Authors: Vindi Kusuma Tri Putranto
Published: February 2021

Pokja Pemilihan memegang peranan penting dalam terlaksananya pelayanan publik di RSUD Depati Bahrin sehingga meningkatkan mutu pelayanan publik RSUD Depati Bahrin. Namun dalam pelaksanaannya terdapat beberapa hal yang mendukung dan menghambat peran Pokja Pemilihan dalam proses Pengadaan Barang/Jasa pada RSUD Depati Bahrin Kabupaten Bangka.         

Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Informan penelitian ditentukan secara purposive sampling yaitu Bagian Pengadaan Barang/Jasa Kabupaten Bangka serta pihak RSUD Depati Bahrin Kabupaten Bangka dan masyarakat yang telah mendapatkan layanan kesehatan di RSUD Depati Bahrin Kabupaten Bangka. Untuk instrumen penelitian melalui wawancara dan observasi serta dokumen.

Dari penelitian ditemukan bahwa ada beberapa hal yang menghambat peran Pokja Pemilihan Pengadaan Barang/Jasa pada RSUD Depati Bahrin Kabupaten Bangka antara lain keterbatasan anggaran operasional,masih sedikitnya jumlah Pejabat Fungsional Ahli Pengadaan Barang/Jasa,kompetensi Pejabat Pembuat Komitmen (PPK) dalam paket pengadaan barang/jasa, belum meratanya pemahaman/pengetahuan penggunaan SPSE (Sistim Pengadaan Secara Elektronik) dari pihak RSUD Depati Bahrin, minimnya penghargaan terhadap peran Pokja Pemilihan,belum adanya jaminan bantuan hukum serta belum didukungnya penerapan strategi Rantai Pasok pada proses pengadaan barang/jasa di RSUD Depati Bahrin. Namun banyak hal yang telah dicapai untuk mendukung peran Pokja Pemilihan antara lain penggunaan SPSE pada setiap paket pengadaan barang/jasa,pembentukan SPI (Satuan Pengawas Internal), penggunaan SIMRS (Sistim Informasi Manajamen Rumah Sakit) yang memasukkan unsur logistik didalamnya, koordinasi yang semakin baik antara Pokja Pemilihan dengan Pelaku Pengadaan Barang/Jasa RSUD Depati Bahrin dan organisasi Pengadaan Barang/Jasa di Kabupaten Bangka yang sudah permanen.

Kata kunci : Peran Pokja Pemilihan, RSUD Depati Bahrin, Pengadaan Barang/Jasa,Hambatan,Dukungan
Gambaran Kondisi Ibu Hamil Menurut Pemeriksaan Laboratorium
Authors: Wati Widya
Published: February 2021

Pelayanan antenatal yang terdiri dari proses pemeriksaan Kesehatan, pengamatan dan pendidikan kepada ibu hamil memerlukan adanya pemeriksaan laboratorium untuk mendeteksi dini terjadinya kelainan pada saat kehamilan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan gambaran tentang kondisi ibu hamil di Puskesmas Sungailiat berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium. Sampel penelitian  adalah ibu hamil yang diperiksa di laboratorium Puskesmas Sungailiat sejak Januari hingga Juli 2020 yang datanya dikumpulkan melalui system informasi puskesmas (simpus) dan dianalisa deskriptif serta metode grafik. Ditemukan 26,5% kehamilan yang terjadi pada ibu yang berusia di bawah 20 tahun dan di atas 35 tahun dan 3,5% ibu hamil yang berusia di bawah 20 tahun dan antara 20-35 tahun menderita anemia. Hepatitis B diderita oleh 1,8% dari ibu hamil terkait dengan kondisi hygiene dan sanitasi lingkungan tempat tinggal. Tidak ada masalah terkait sifilis dan HIV, namun 2,2% ibu hamil mengalami proteinuria.
Lateral Gradient Ambidextrous Optical Reflection in Self-Organized Left-Handed Chiral Nematic Cellulose Nanocrystals Films
Authors: Tao Jiawei , Li Jiaqi , Yu Xiao , Wei Lihong , Xu Yan
Published: February 2021

Artificial photonic materials displaying ordered reflected color patterns are desirable in the field of photonic technologies, however, it is challenging to realize. Here we present that self-assembly of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) in a tilted cuvette leads to the formation of rainbow color CNC films. We show that the self-organized CNC films enable simultaneous reflection of left-handed circularly polarized (LCP) and right-handed circularly polarized (RCP) light with lateral gradient transmittance ratio (LCP/RCP: 8.7–0.9) and the maximum reflectance value up to ca. 72%. This unique ambidextrous optical reflection arises from left-handed chiral photonic architectures with lateral gradient photonic bandgaps and nematic-like defects at the film-substrate interface and between left-handed photonic bandgap layers acting as a half-wavelength retarder. We demonstrate that the tilted angle self-assembly method provides a feasible step toward color patterning of CNC-based photonic films capable of ambidextrous optical reflection.
Hypoxia Onset in Mesenchymal Stem Cell Spheroids: Monitoring With Hypoxia Reporter Cells
Authors: Schmitz Carola , Potekhina Ekaterina , Irianto Teresa , Belousov Vsevolod V. , Lavrentieva Antonina
Published: February 2021

The therapeutic and differentiation potential of human mesenchymal stems cells (hMSCs) makes these cells a promising candidate for cellular therapies and tissue engineering. On the path of a successful medical application of hMSC, the cultivation of cells in a three-dimensional (3D) environment was a landmark for the transition from simple two-dimensional (2D) testing platforms to complex systems that mimic physiological in vivo conditions and can improve hMSC curative potential as well as survival after implantation. A 3D arrangement of cells can be mediated by scaffold materials where cells get entrapped in pores, or by the fabrication of spheroids, scaffold-free self-organized cell aggregates that express their own extracellular matrix. Independently from the cultivation method, cells expanded in 3D experience an inhomogeneous microenvironment. Many gradients in nutrient supply, oxygen supply, and waste disposal from one hand mimic in vivo microenvironment, but also put every cell in the 3D construct in a different context. Since oxygen concentration in spheroids is compromised in a size-dependent manner, it is crucial to have a closer insight on the thresholds of hypoxic response in such systems. In this work, we want to improve our understanding of oxygen availability and consequensing hypoxia onset in hMSC spheroids. Therefore, we utilized human adipose tissue-derived MSCs (hAD-MSCs) modified with a genetical sensor construct to reveal (I) the influence of spheroid production methods and (II) hMSCs cell number per spheroid to detect the onset of hypoxia in aggregates. We could demonstrate that not only higher cell numbers of MSCs, but also spheroid formation method plays a critical role in onset of hypoxia.
Combinational Antibacterial Activity of Nisin and 3-Phenyllactic Acid and Their Co-production by Engineered Lactococcus lactis
Authors: Liu Jiaheng , Huang Rongrong , Song Qianqian , Xiong Hui , Ma Juan , Xia Rui , Qiao Jianjun
Published: February 2021

Nisin produced by certain Lactococcus lactis strains is commercially used in meat and dairy industries because of its effective antibacterial activity and food safety characteristics. It has been proved that the antibacterial activity could be enhanced when combined with other antimicrobial agents. In this study, we demonstrated that nisin and 3-phenyllactic acid (PLA) in combination displayed excellent combinational antibacterial activity against foodborne pathogens including S. xylosus and M. luteus. The potential application in food preservation was further verified via microbial analysis during the storage of meat and milk, and determination of strawberry rot rate. Scanning electron microscopy observation indicated a distinct mode of PLA with nisin, which may target at the dividing cell, contributing to their combinational antibacterial effect of nisin and PLA. Considering the positive results, a nisin-PLA co-producing strain was constructed based on the food-grade strain L. lactis F44, a nisin Z producer. By the knockout of two L-lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and overexpression of D-LDHY25A, the yield of PLA was significantly increased 1.77-fold in comparison with the wild type. Anti-bacterial assays demonstrated that the fermentation product of the recombinant strain performed highly effective antibacterial activity. These results provided a promising prospect for the nisin-PLA co-expressing L. lactis in food preservation on account of its considerable antibacterial activity and cost-effective performance.
Transcription Factor-Based Biosensor for Dynamic Control in Yeast for Natural Product Synthesis
Authors: Zhang Yiming , Shi Shuobo
Published: February 2021

The synthesis of natural products in yeast has gained remarkable achievements with intensive metabolic engineering efforts. In particular, transcription factor (TF)-based biosensors for dynamic control of gene circuits could facilitate strain evaluation, high-throughput screening (HTS), and adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) for natural product synthesis. In this review, we summarized recent developments of several TF-based biosensors for core intermediates in natural product synthesis through three important pathways, i.e., fatty acid synthesis pathway, shikimate pathway, and methylerythritol-4-phosphate (MEP)/mevalonate (MVA) pathway. Moreover, we have shown how these biosensors are implemented in synthetic circuits for dynamic control of natural product synthesis and also discussed the design/evaluation principles for improved biosensor performance.
Extracellular Vesicles From Perinatal Cells for Anti-inflammatory Therapy
Authors: Cargnoni Anna , Papait Andrea , Masserdotti Alice , Pasotti Anna , Stefani Francesca Romana , Silini Antonietta Rosa , Parolini Ornella
Published: February 2021

Perinatal cells, including cells from placenta, fetal annexes (amniotic and chorionic membranes), umbilical cord, and amniotic fluid display intrinsic immunological properties which very likely contribute to the development and growth of a semiallogeneic fetus during pregnancy. Many studies have shown that perinatal cells can inhibit the activation and modulate the functions of various inflammatory cells of the innate and adaptive immune systems, including macrophages, neutrophils, natural killer cells, dendritic cells, and T and B lymphocytes. These immunological properties, along with their easy availability and lack of ethical concerns, make perinatal cells very useful/promising in regenerative medicine. In recent years, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have gained great interest as a new therapeutic tool in regenerative medicine being a cell-free product potentially capable, thanks to the growth factors, miRNA and other bioactive molecules they convey, of modulating the inflammatory microenvironment thus favoring tissue regeneration. The immunomodulatory actions of perinatal cells have been suggested to be mediated by still not fully identified factors (secretoma) secreted either as soluble proteins/cytokines or entrapped in EVs. In this review, we will discuss how perinatal derived EVs may contribute toward the modulation of the immune response in various inflammatory pathologies (acute and chronic) by directly targeting different elements of the inflammatory microenvironment, ultimately leading to the repair and regeneration of damaged tissues.
Machine Learning for Extracting Features of Approximate Optimal Brace Locations for Steel Frames
Authors: Sakaguchi Kazuma , Ohsaki Makoto , Kimura Toshiaki
Published: February 2021

A method is presented for extracting features of approximate optimal brace types and locations for large-scale steel building frames. The frame is subjected to static seismic loads, and the maximum stress in the frame members is minimized under constraints on the number of braces in each story and the maximum interstory drift angle. A new formulation is presented for extracting important features of brace types and locations from the machine learning results using a support vector machine with radial basis function kernel. A nonlinear programming problem is to be solved for finding the optimal values of the components of the matrix for condensing the features of a large-scale frame to those of a small-scale frame so that the important features of the large-scale frame can be extracted from the machine learning results of the small-scale frame. It is shown in the numerical examples that the important features of a 24-story frame are successfully extracted using the machine learning results of a 12-story frame.
Neuronal Delamination and Outer Radial Glia Generation in Neocortical Development
Authors: Kawaguchi Ayano
Published: February 2021

During neocortical development, many neuronally differentiating cells (neurons and intermediate progenitor cells) are generated at the apical/ventricular surface by the division of neural progenitor cells (apical radial glial cells, aRGs). Neurogenic cell delamination, in which these neuronally differentiating cells retract their apical processes and depart from the apical surface, is the first step of their migration. Since the microenvironment established by the apical endfeet is crucial for maintaining neuroepithelial (NE)/aRGs, proper timing of the detachment of the apical endfeet is critical for the quantitative control of neurogenesis in cerebral development. During delamination, the microtubule–actin–AJ (adherens junction) configuration at the apical endfeet shows dynamic changes, concurrent with the constriction of the AJ ring at the apical endfeet and downregulation of cadherin expression. This process is mediated by transcriptional suppression of AJ-related molecules and multiple cascades to regulate cell adhesion and cytoskeletal architecture in a posttranscriptional manner. Recent advances have added molecules to the latter category: the interphase centrosome protein AKNA affects microtubule dynamics to destabilize the microtubule–actin–AJ complex, and the microtubule-associated protein Lzts1 inhibits microtubule assembly and activates actomyosin systems at the apical endfeet of differentiating cells. Moreover, Lzts1 induces the oblique division of aRGs, and loss of Lzts1 reduces the generation of outer radial glia (oRGs, also called basal radial glia, bRGs), another type of neural progenitor cell in the subventricular zone. These findings suggest that neurogenic cell delamination, and in some cases oRG generation, could be caused by a spectrum of interlinked mechanisms.