bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characteristics and effectiveness of physical activity, nutrition and/or sleep interventions to improve the mental well-being of teachers: A scoping review
Authors: Corbett Lucy , Bauman Adrian , Peralta Louisa R , Okely Anthony D , Phongsavan Philayrath
Published: December 2021

Objective:

Teachers face high levels of occupational stress, which can influence their mental well-being and contribute to teacher burnout. Healthy levels of exercise, a good diet and adequate sleep can reduce stress and improve mental well-being outcomes. This study explores the characteristics and effectiveness of lifestyle interventions on teachers’ mental well-being, including burnout; discusses directions for future programmes; and aims to identify the nature of evidence and gaps in the research field.

Methods:

A scoping review was conducted in May 2020 via ERIC, Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, Education Source, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus and Scopus databases. The search included relevant peer-reviewed articles on physical activity, nutrition and sleep interventions reporting teachers’ mental well-being outcomes. A quality assessment tool was used to appraise the quality and risk of bias of the included studies.

Results:

Sixteen intervention studies met the inclusion criteria. All studies incorporated physical activity into the intervention; however, only four included aspects of nutrition or sleep. No studies reported only nutrition or sleep interventions alone. The heterogeneity of interventions and their reported outcomes makes comparisons difficult. In general, the quality of the included studies was low due to small sample sizes, poor study design and incomplete reporting of information.

Conclusion:

Preliminary evidence suggests lifestyle interventions can improve mental well-being outcomes for teachers; however good-quality research is needed to improve the evidence base. Future interventions should have stronger research designs and larger sample sizes and use established measurements for assessing outcomes.
Playful work design: Conceptualization, measurement, and validity
Authors: Scharp Yuri S , Bakker Arnold B , Breevaart Kimberley , Kruup Kaspar , Uusberg Andero
Published: December 2021

In three different studies, we challenge the traditional view that work and play are mutually exclusive phenomena. We introduce the concept of playful work design – the proactive cognitive-behavioral orientation that employees engage in to incorporate play into their work activities to promote fun and challenge. In Study 1, we utilized expert-ratings and iterative exploratory factor analyses to develop an instrument that measures (1) designing fun and (2) designing competition. Additionally, Study 1 evidences the divergent and convergent validity of the subscales as well as their distinctiveness. Specifically, playful work design was indicative of proactivity as well as play, and designing fun especially correlated with ludic traits (i.e. traits focused on deriving fun; e.g. humor), whereas designing competition particularly correlated with agonistic traits (i.e. traits focused on deriving challenge; e.g. competitiveness). Study 2 cross-validated the two-factor structure, further investigated the nomological net of playful work design, and revealed that playful work design is distinct from job crafting. Finally, Study 3 examined the predictive and incremental validity of the playful work design instrument with self- and colleague-ratings two weeks apart. Taken together, the results suggest that the instrument may advance our understanding of play initiated by employees during work.
Impact performances and failure modes of glass fiber reinforced polymers in different curvatures and stacking sequences
Authors: Kaboglu Cihan , Eken Taha Y , Yurekturk Yakup
Published: December 2021

Recently, glass fiber reinforced polymer composites have been increasingly used in applications which are exposed to impact loads due to their high strength, low weight, and corrosion resistance properties. Therefore, the effect of curvature of composite laminate on their impact resistance is important. In this study, the mechanical properties of three curvature diameters and two stacking sequences, which have not been compared before, were examined and compared. The diameter of curved composites is 760 mm, 380 mm, and 304 mm and flat designated as A, B, C, and D, respectively. The fiber stacking orders are [0/0/-45/+45/90/90]S and [90/90/-45/+45/0/0]S designated as Type 1 and Type 2, respectively. The drop-weight impact tests were performed and failure modes of composites were examined. It was observed that the impact resistance decreases with the increase of curvature, where 760 mm diameter and Type 2 composites had the highest strength in all of the composites. In addition, delamination, fiber breakage, and matrix cracking failure modes were observed in the composites after impact. The reason why the strength decreases as the curvature of the composite increases is that the curved areas create an effect that increases the external force applied. The reason why Type 2 stacking order is more durable than Type 1 stacking order is that the 90° fiber direction in the bottom layer has a damping effect on the applied force. According to the results of this study, composite materials with larger diameter and stacking order starting with 0° provides more mechanical strength.

[Formula: see text]
Separate Roles for State and Trait Anxiety in the Formation of SHU Syndrome: Testing a Moderated Mediation Hypothesis
Authors: Walters Glenn D.
Published: December 2021

It has been proposed that state anxiety, aroused when an inmate is initially placed in restrictive housing, interacts with the sequestering Special Housing Unit (SHU) environment to overtax the individual's already limited coping resources, and promotes later emotional problems and psychological deterioration. This study tested a SHU syndrome hypothesis with a moderated mediation path analysis of 69 male inmates. Results revealed that group status (general population vs. restrictive housing) interacted with state anxiety to increase trait anxiety and ineffective coping, which then gave rise to higher staff ratings of psychological disturbance in inmates with no prior history of mental illness.
Compositional analysis of bio-oils from hydrothermal liquefaction of tobacco residues using two-dimensional gas chromatography and time-of-flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Phromphithak Sanphawat , Onsree Thossaporn , Saengsuriwong Ruetai , Tippayawong Nakorn
Published: December 2021

Sustainable energy from biomass is one of the most promising alternative energy sources and is expected to partially replace fossil fuels. Tobacco industries have normally rid their processing residues by landfilling or incineration, affecting the environment negatively. These residues can be used to either extract high-value chemicals or generate bio-energy via hydrothermal liquefaction. The main liquid product or bio-oil consists of highly complicated chemicals. In this work, the bio-oil from hydrothermal liquefaction of tobacco processing residues was generated in a batch reactor at biomass-to-deionized water ratio of 1:3, temperature of 310°C, and 15 min residence time, yielding the maximum liquid products for more than 50% w/w. The liquid products were analyzed, using two-dimensional gas chromatography and time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC/TOF MS). This technique allowed for a highly efficient detection of numerous compounds. From the results, it was found that hydrothermal liquefaction can cleave biopolymers (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) in tobacco residues successfully. The hydrothermal liquefaction liquid products can be separated into heavy organic, light organic, and aqueous phase fractions. By GC × GC/TOF MS, the biopolymers disintegrated into low molecular weight compounds and classified by their chemical derivatives and functional groups could be detected. The major chemical derivative/functional groups found were cyclic ketones and phenols for heavy organic and light organic, and carboxylic acids and N-containing compounds for the aqueous phase. Additionally, by the major compounds found in this work, simple pathway reactions occurring in the hydrothermal liquefaction reaction were proposed, leading to a better understanding of the hydrothermal liquefaction process for tobacco residues.
When are children satisfied with life? An initiative qualitative study from vietnamese children sample
Authors: Linh Trinh Thi , Giang Ngo Thi Hoang , Khanh Ha Truong Thi
Published: December 2021

In the context of research on children's life satisfaction, considering children as active participants are very scarce, the main purpose of the present study was to examine children's perspectives on their life satisfaction. The study used a convenient sample of 228 students from primary and secondary schools, living in urban and suburban areas in Vietnam. The subjects’ average age is 9.51 (SD = 1.56). Data were collected using a single open-ended question. The data analysis was performed by thematic analysis then processed with SPSS 22.0 for quantitative assessment. The results of data analysis indicate the following criteria to consider a child as being satisfied with life: (1) Quality of social relationship; (2) Quality of family relationship; (3) Being engaged in interesting and fun leisure and activities; (4) Achieving desired goals; (5) Living environment; and (6) Some other external factors. Among these qualities, the most important relationships in their lives (including social and family relations) were chosen with the highest frequency, followed by their engagement in meaningful and fun activities, and pursuit of their desired goals. This study provided a better insight into understanding how children perceive life satisfaction and what meanings they attach to it. The research results might be explained from a socio-cultural perspective and provide a scientific basis for large-scale studies on this topic in Vietnam.
Association Between Upper-Extremity Health Condition and Depressive Status in an Elderly General Population
Authors: Tajika Tsuyoshi , Kuboi Takuro , Oya Noboru , Endo Fumitaka , Shitara Hitoshi , Ichinose Tsuyoshi , Sasaki Tsuyoshi , Hamano Noritaka , Chikuda Hirotaka
Published: December 2021

Background: This study was designed to investigate whether psychological status is associated with upper-extremity health status in an elderly general population. Methods: Using Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand of the Japanese Society for Surgery of the Hand (QuickDASH-JSSH), we evaluated 200 Japanese elderly people (76 men, 124 women; mean age, 71.6 years, 60-98 years) to assess their upper-extremity-specific health status. Each had completed a self-administered questionnaire including gender and dominant hand items. As an indicator of hand muscle function, we measured their bilateral hand grip. Study participants were assessed for depressive symptoms using the Geriatric Depression Scale Short-Japanese Version (GDS-S-J). Statistical analyses were applied to clarify associations between self-assessed upper-extremity dysfunction and screening results for depressive symptoms in an elderly general population. Results: Those reporting no complaint of an upper extremity were 72 (36 men and 36 women) (36.0%). The GDS-J score was found to have significant positive correlation with age ( r = 0.20, P= 0.0045) and the QuickDASH score ( r = 0.25, P = 0.0004). The GDS-J score was found to have significant negative correlation with dominant grip ( r = −0.15, P = 0.04) and non-dominant grip strength ( r = −0.21, P = 0.004). For all participants, multiple regression analysis revealed the QuickDASH score as associated with the GDS-J score. Conclusion: Self-administered upper-extremity health condition as assessed using QuickDASH is correlated with depressive symptoms in elderly people. Objective pathophysiology and subjective illness behavior must be identified in daily clinical practice. A biopsychosocial approach must be used when advising and treating patients.
Clinical Analysis of Causes and Countermeasures of Hand Injury During the COVID-19 Outbreak and Work Resumption Period: A Retrospective Study in a Designated Hospital in China
Authors: Jin Qianjun , Zhou Haiying , Lu Hui
Published: December 2021

A total of 95 patients with hand injuries were admitted to the orthopedics department within half a year of the COVID-19 outbreak. Data were collected between January 23, 2020 and July 23, 2020. Data such as patients' demographics, type of injury, location, side of lesions, mechanism of injury, injury site, and surgical management were collected and subsequently analyzed. On the one hand, the total number of emergency visits due to hand injury during the COVID-19 outbreak decreased by 37%, compared to the same period in the previous year. On the other hand, work resumption injuries increased by 40%. Injuries within the resumption period occurred predominantly at work (64.7%) and were significantly higher than the same period in 2019 (37.3%) (P < .001). Machine-related injuries were the most frequent injuries seen in our hospital (58.8%). The majority of cases were from cut injuries (82.4%), with fingers being the most common site of these injuries. Simple fractures and dislocations were also reported during the study. Most injuries were classified as either minor or moderate (90%) during the outbreak. However, during the resumption of work, major injuries were more prevalent (40%). The proportion of major injuries this year’s work resumption stage (40%) has almost doubled compared to the previous year (21.8%, P = .006). The resumption of work following the COVID-19 outbreak is a time of high-risk for hand injuries. The overall number of patients with hand injuries admitted into our department has decreased compared to the corresponding period last year. However, workplace injuries, particularly machine-related ones, considerably increased during the first six months after the COVID-19 outbreak. As a result, the proportion of major injuries drastically increased. Emergency and surgical health care providers should be aware of this pattern of hand injuries during this untypical time in order to effectively prepare and plan services.
Network Exploration of Interdistrict School Choice Over Time in a Mandatory Open Enrollment State
Authors: Garcia Matt
Published: December 2021

Background:

Early studies of district-level outcomes of interdistrict school choice policies found changes in how districts interact with one another and changes in districts’ per-pupil expenditures. More recent studies suggest that wider social and political consequences may result from interdistrict choice policies.

Purpose:

In Colorado, interdistrict school choice participation increased from 4.64% participation in the 2003–2004 fiscal year to almost 10% participation in the 2016–2017 fiscal year, shifting more than $7.79 billion in per-pupil revenue in the process. This suggests a corresponding shift in the social organization of schooling under Colorado’s statewide interdistrict school choice policy.

Research Design:

Quantitative studies on school choice policies typically examine the factors leading to individual choices when choosing schools or the individual outcomes of those choices. This study takes a different approach to quantitative analysis of school choice by employing separable temporal exponential random graph modeling (STERGM), a network analysis method, to examine patterns of student-enrollment ties that are created between school districts when students enroll outside their district of residence.

Conclusions/Recommendations:

School district leaders and policy makers should be cognizant of changes to the organization of education and the fiscal impact of those changes—especially given that findings from this study suggest that these changes may be out of their hands. Findings may have indirect impacts on matters such as mill levy and bond evaluations by way of total program formula calculations and may suggest a hidden destabilization of democratic processes, such as losing the interest of voters who send their students to a school in another district.
Finite Mixture Modeling for Program Evaluation: Resampling and Pre-processing Approaches
Authors: Collier Zachary K. , Zhang Haobai , Johnson Bridgette
Published: December 2021

Background

Finite mixture models cluster individuals into latent subgroups based on observed traits. However, inaccurate enumeration of clusters can have lasting implications on policy decisions and allocations of resources. Applied and methodological researchers accept no obvious best model fit statistic, and different measures could suggest different numbers of latent clusters.

Objectives

The purpose of this article is to evaluate and compare different cluster enumeration techniques.

Research Design

Study I demonstrates how recently proposed resampling methods result in no precise number of clusters on which all fit statistics agree. We recommend the pre-processing method in Study II as an alternative. Both studies used nationally representative data on working memory, cognitive flexibility, and inhibitory control.

Conclusions

The data plus priors method shows promise to address inconsistencies among fit measures and help applied researchers using finite mixture models in the future.
Further evidence for Zenker’s diverticulum in a slim woman with body figure predisposition: a case report and literature review
Authors: Lei Shaoyang , He Bo , Lei Pinggui , Zhang Shuqian , Fan Bing
Published: December 2021

Zenker’s diverticulum (ZD) is a bag-like pharyngeal pouch that protrudes to the outside of the pharynx. It is thought to be an acquired disease that occurs following the dysfunction of laryngopharynx muscle, and certain body shapes may be predisposed to this condition. We report a 56-year-old female of slim build with ZD. Computed tomography scanning revealed a hypodense lesion on the left posterior side of her upper esophagus that was filled with air and had no obvious wall. To verify this finding, a barium esophagogram was carried out which showed a round pouch at the level of the 6th cervical vertebral body that communicated with the esophagus through a narrow neck. ZD was subsequently confirmed by endoscopy. These findings provide further evidence in support of a body shape predisposition for ZD.
Implant restoration of hypodontia resulting from ectodermal dysplasia: a case report
Authors: Zhu Qintian , Jiang Yixuan , Yu Jilan , Wang Renfei
Published: December 2021

Background

Ectodermal dysplasia is a congenital genetic disorder with a prevalence of 1:10,000 to 1:100,000. The clinical features of ectodermal dysplasia include sparse hair, missing teeth, and abnormal development of the skin, sweat glands, and other tissues and organs. Since 1985, dentists have used implants to correct tooth defects in patients with ectodermal dysplasia with reasonable success rates. However, there is still no widely accepted treatment for the oral defects caused by this disease. Case summary: This report describes a 19-year-old female patient with congenital ectodermal dysplasia, congenital absence of most of her teeth, and mandibular and maxillary dysplasia. The patient and her family were concerned about the patient’s growth and development, so she came to our hospital to restore her missing teeth. During several months of treatment, the patient underwent bone augmentation surgery for the maxilla and mandible, implant placement, a root repositioning flap, and free gingival grafting, which was completed in five stages. The patient completed the permanent implant restoration, and the desired results were achieved.

Conclusion

The patient’s mouth was restored through the use of bone augmentation and soft tissue grafting techniques, enabling appropriate function and appearance.
Challenging Institutional Racism in International Relations and Our Profession: Reflections, Experiences, and Strategies
Authors: Delatolla Andrew , Rahman Momin , Anand Dibyesh , Caesar Mary , Haastrup Toni , Adiong Nassef Manabilang , Parashar Swati , Youde Jeremy
Published: December 2021

Attempts to create a more inclusive discipline and profession have been commended by many and derided by some. While these attempts have pushed for change, particularly with regards to more equal representation of gender and race among faculty, policies aimed at creating a more inclusive environment are often tokenistic, administrative and bureaucratic, and fail to address structural and institutional practices and norms. Moreover, the administrative and bureaucratic policies put into place are generally targeted at a single categorical group, failing to take into account the manner in which identities are intersecting and overlapping. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion often gets driven by Human Resources and Marketing rather than owned by the wider university. This forum draws from a variety of contributions that focus on describing the lived realities of institutional racism, its intersections with other forms of discrimination, and strategies for change. In putting together this forum, we do not aim to create a checklist of practical steps. Instead, we hope to signpost and make visible the successes and failures of previous challenges and future possibilities that must be taken by both faculty and administrations.
University–industry collaboration in curriculum design and delivery: A model and its application in manufacturing engineering courses
Authors: Valiente Bermejo MA , Eynian M , Malmsköld L , Scotti A
Published: December 2021

The advantages and importance of university–industry collaboration, particularly in curriculum design and delivery, are well-known. However, although curriculum development models are available in the literature, very few are sufficiently concrete to be applicable in practice or are generalizable beyond their discipline of origin. In this paper, a co-operative model based on the Plan–Do–Study–Act cycle is presented and described. An example of its application in the curriculum design of two courses in welding within a Manufacturing Engineering Master’s program is detailed. The model was found successful based on the evaluation of the courses by students, teachers, and the industrial representatives involved. Therefore, it proved to be an effective tool for bridging the gap between industrial needs and academia in the field of Manufacturing Engineering education. At the same time, the methodology is generalizable and is applicable to any field of education.
Improved interfacial performance of carbon fiber/polyetherimide composites by polyetherimide and modified graphene oxide complex emulsion type sizing agent
Authors: Chen Fan , Liu Xiaofang , Liu Hansong , Li Shuang , Li Shile , Sun Tianpei , Zhao Yan , Wang Kai
Published: December 2021

In the field of interfacial enhancement of composite, sizing method has attracted extensive attention. In this research, a new complex emulsion type sizing agent containing polyetherimide (PEI) and covalently chemical functionalized graphene oxide (GO) was first proposed to further improve the interfacial adhesion of carbon fiber (CF)/PEI composites, adapt to the high processing temperature, and overcome the shortcomings of the solution type sizing agent. The emulsion was prepared by the emulsion/solvent evaporation method. In order to avoid the agglomeration of nanomaterials on CF surface, the monomer and polymer structure of PEI was used to functionalize GO, so as to achieve better compatibility and dispersion of GO in PEI. The physicochemical state of CF surface was characterized and the successful introduction of GO was verified. The microbond test revealed that the introduction of GO further improved the IFSS compared with only PEI sizing. When GO grafted with PEI was used as the main component of the sizing agent, the IFSS reached the largest with an increasement of 55.96%. The mechanism of interfacial reinforcement was proposed. Increased ability of mechanical interlocking, the mutual solubility between PEI molecular chains, and the improvement in wettability may be beneficial to the interfacial strength. This mild and effective modification method provided theoretical guidance for the interfacial enhancement of composites and was expected to be applied in industrial production.
Electrochemical trepanning of blades made of Inconel 625
Authors: Lei Gaopan , Zhu Dong , Zhu Di
Published: December 2021

In the aerospace field, difficult-to-machine materials are used widely to improve engine performance. As a nickel-based material that performs well in all aspects, Inconel 625 is used for the blisks of aircraft engines, and electrochemical trepanning (ECTr) is used widely to fabricate such blisks because of its unique advantages regarding ruled surface parts. In this study, to investigate the performance of Inconel 625 in ECTr, measurements were made of the electrochemical characteristics firstly, specifically the anodic polarization curve and the actual volumetric electrochemical equivalent curve. Then, via dynamic electric-field simulations, the processes for forming Inconel 625 blades using ECTr were examined under direct voltage (DV) and pulsed voltage. The contours and current density distributions of formed blades at different times were obtained under different duty cycles. With decreasing duty cycle, the forming accuracy improved gradually and the stray current was reduced. To verify the simulation results, ECTr experiments with Inconel 625 were performed under different voltage conditions. With DV and 90% and 80% duty cycle, the taper angles of the machined blades were 7.784°, 6.278°, and 5.191°, respectively, and the surface roughness ( Ra) values were 0.95, 0.81, and 0.72 μm, respectively. With DV, there were obvious flow marks and gullies on the microscopic surface. With decreasing duty cycle, stray corrosion was reduced effectively and the state of the flow field was improved. Overall, the simulation results were verified effectively.
Optimum control of a flexible single link manipulator with Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm
Authors: Eser Sezgin , Çetin Sevda Telli
Published: December 2021

This paper presents a stable control for a single link flexible manipulator. The flexible manipulator is considered as Euler–Bernoulli beam, and its dynamic model is developed based on assumed mode method. Position and vibration control are realised with a single controller as motor torque. The controller has three parameters that must be selected. In this paper, the main motivation is to find the suitable parameter values to generate optimum torque values in every sampling time. In order to achieve this goal, Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm is performed, and the controller parameters are optimised simultaneously in every sampling period. Simulations verify that the manipulator achieves the position control objective, and the vibration is suppressed simultaneously even with different payloads with the proposed optimisation method.
The climbing performance analysis of a robot for power line inspection with retractable double serial manipulators
Authors: Li Xiaopeng , Shang Dongyang , Li Fanjie , Chen Renzhen
Published: December 2021

A power line inspection robot has to overcome many kinds of obstacles in inspection processes. The strain clamp is the obstacles difficult for inspection robots to overcome. The inspection robot needs to have a particular climbing ability to overcome the strain clamp. Therefore, the ability to climb power lines is the key point of the inspection robot’s design. An inspection robot with retractable double serial manipulators is proposed to improve the climbing and obstacle-crossing ability. Besides, this paper shows that the inspection robot is more suitable for climbing from static analysis and dynamic evaluation index. Firstly, the obstacle-crossing processes and structures of the inspection robot are introduced. Next, the static analysis is carried out when inspection robot climbs the power lines. The static analysis shows that the new inspection robot has a smaller driving torque. What’s more, the dynamic model of the inspection robot is established by Lagrange’s dynamical equations. By constructing the dynamic evaluation indexes, the inspection robot with retractable arms performs better dynamic characteristics. Finally, a prototype robot is carried out to cross obstacles and climb up power lines. The results show that the inspection robot can overcome different obstacles and has a good climbing performance.
Optimization and realization on the coordination control strategy for auxiliary power unit of range-extended electric vehicle
Authors: Liu Hanwu , Lei Yulong , Fu Yao , Li Xingzhong
Published: December 2021

The auxiliary power unit (APU) is a major power source of range-extended electric vehicle (R-EEV). Excellent coordination control strategy of APU has a great significance impact on improving the overall electrical control system performance of R-EEV. A coordination control strategy based on parameters adapt fuzzy-PID is proposed to ensure the dynamic and static response characteristics of the coordination control system. Firstly, the APU high precision simulation control model is built in GT-Power and Matlab-Simulink. Three coordination control strategies based on traditional PID control method are designed, namely, engine speed control model (ESCM), generator torque control model (GTCM), and APU speed-torque control model (AS-TCM). The three coordination control strategies are simulated on working conditions, which include start-up working condition, power raised working condition, and power reduced working condition. Combined with the PID control principle, the control performance and inherent limitations of three traditional PID control strategies (TPCS) are analyzed and compared. Then, according to the above simulation results of analysis and comparation, the parameters adapt fuzzy-PID control strategy (PAF-PCS) is designed and simulated. The results show that three control parameters ( kp, ki, kd) are changed in real time to ensure the flexibility and adaptability of the control system and improve the stability and robustness of control system. Finally, the results of bench test show that power responds quickly and no oscillation and fixed-point power generation works smoothly, which are basically consistent with the simulation results. Therefore, the PAF-PCS proposed in this paper has good feasibility and effectiveness.
Study of the heat transfer and analysis of the surface characteristics of robot spray painting by using Taguchi method and ANOVA analysis
Authors: Jakkula Raja Venkata Sai Kiran , Sethuramalingam Prabhu
Published: December 2021

In this investigative research work, the surface characteristics of normal paint and multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) paint-coated substrates are studied. The experiments are conducted using ABB IRB 1410 Robot and the end effector of the robot is retrofitted with a high-volume low-pressure atomizer paint spray gun. The nanopaint is prepared by ultrasonication by placing 1 gram of MWCNT in a polyurethane commercial base paint (500 ml). Taguchi design of experiments is used to identify the most efficient use of procedure parameters using the L9 orthogonal array table. Heat transfer of the substrate is found by temperature measurements of the convective heat transfer through extended surfaces. Surface morphology is studied by scanning electron microscope and upright microscopy. Analysis of variance technique is used to find the most influencing input parameters and contribution of values to maximizing surface finish and minimizing the heat transfer effect. The study shows that there is an enhancement in surface finish and minimization of heat transfer in the nanopaint coated substrate when compared with normal paint application using the ABB robot.
Effect of spanwise groove on the dynamic stall characteristics of an airfoil
Authors: Yadav Rajesh , Bodavula Aslesha
Published: December 2021

Numerical simulations are conducted to investigate the effect of triangular groove on the dynamic stall characteristics of a NACA 0012 airfoil at a Reynolds number of 135,000. The right-angled triangular grooves are placed at either 10%, 25%, or 50% chord locations on the suction and have depths of 0.025c and 0.05c, measured normal to the surface of the airfoil. The solutions that are second order accurate in time and space are obtained using pressure-based finite volume solver and the 4-equation transition SST turbulence model viz. γ- Re θt is used to predict transition and viscous stresses accurately. The airfoil is in harmonic pitch motion about its quarter-chord with a maximum circular frequency of 18.67 rad/s. The results suggest that the presence of a groove, except for the deeper grove at 0.5c, quickens the dynamic stall, but with smaller rise in C l,max and a less severe fall in lift at the stall. The mean C l value during the downstroke is improved by up to 8% for the deeper groove at 0.25c, reducing the hysteresis in lift significantly. The grooves at 0.1c, 0.25c, and 0.5c also reduce the drag by 4%, 7%, and 9% during a complete cycle, with subsequent improvements of 54%, 69%, and 63% in the l/d ratio. The current finding can be thus used to enhance the performance of flapping wing MAVs, helicopter rotors, and wind turbine blades as these applications encounter the dynamic stall phenomena frequently.
Hybrid Photovoltaic/Thermal (PVT) Collector Systems With Different Absorber Configurations For Thermal Management – A Review
Authors: Tirupati Rao V. , Raja Sekhar Y.
Published: December 2021

Thermal management in hybrid Photovoltaic/Thermal (PVT) collectors is essential to derive electrical and thermal energy from a single system. Effective removal of heat gained by the photovoltaic module during its operation is possible with a proper thermal absorber design. Hence, thermal absorber design has gained prominence, and various design techniques were attempted in the literature to enhance energy delivery among different stakeholders. Most research groups tried to design absorber configurations attached to the PV panel's front or rear side. Absorber design configurations include various channel materials and geometry as well as other physical parameter combinations. The quantitative thermal energy delivery from the system could vary based on the absorber configuration and be useful for different applications. This study reports a detailed review to understand the relation between thermal absorber design configurations and the potential energy recovery from PVT systems. This study helps the designers identify channel designs, materials, and adequate working fluids for enhanced heat transfer to anticipate better thermal management of PVT systems. Challenges and suggestions to develop state of the art thermal absorber designs for relative commercial thermal applications using PVT systems are conveyed.
Indigenous parents and child welfare: Mistrust, epistemic injustice, and training
Authors: Leckey Robert , Schmieder-Gropen Raphael , Nnebe Chukwubuikem , Clouthier Miriam
Published: December 2021

The settler state's taking of Indigenous children into care disrupts their communities and continues destructive, assimilationist policies. This article presents the perceptions of lawyers, social workers and judges of how Indigenous parents experience child welfare in Quebec. Our participants characterized those experiences negatively. Barriers of language and culture as well as mistrust impede meaningful participation. Parents experience epistemic injustice, wronged in their capacity as knowers. Mistrust also hampers efforts to include Indigenous workers in the system. Emphasizing state workers’ ignorance of Indigenous family practices and the harms of settler colonialism, participants called for greater training. But critical literature on professional education signals the limits of such training to change institutions. Our findings reinforce the jurisdictional calls away from improving the system towards empowering Indigenous peoples to run services of child welfare. The patterns detected and theoretical resources used are relevant to researchers of other institutions that interact with vulnerable populations.
Innovation for Economic Resilience and Sustainability: A case study of Sambalpuri Ikat Handloom Cluster of Bargarh in India
Authors: Agasty Sangeeta , Tarannum Fawzia , Narula Sapna A.
Published: December 2021

Employing more than three million people, handloom weaving is one of the largest economic activities after agriculture. It constitutes 15% of the cloth production in India and 95% of the global handmade fabric. However, the return on investment in the sector remains low and the industry is under constant threats from power-loom and other substitutes. Nonetheless, the Sambalpuri Ikat is an unrivalled example, which has flourished over the years because of a series of innovations diffused by the weavers without compromising on the traditional Ikat artistry. Predominantly consisting of micro-enterprises, this cluster demonstrates that technological innovations have enhanced the income of the weavers by more than 300%, and ensured better occupational health and gender equity. The cluster ecosystem has enabled the adoption of innovations in more than 8,000 units, over 13 years. This article highlights learning from the Bargarh Sambalpuri Ikat Handloom cluster on how a traditional cluster could maintain its growth trajectory despite being threatened by several shocks and challenges.
The hidden history of Benjamin Montgomery: Slave, manager, and accountant
Authors: Gates Sandra , Burke Megan , Humphreys John
Published: December 2021

Little is known about the contributions of African-American slaves in the histories of various business domains, including accounting. Some authors attribute this scholarly silence to ideological motives due to race-ethnicity and bigotry. Others note that this paucity reflects not only a lack of data but also an inability to adequately approach the contributions of minorities to the accounting profession. Consequently, there are hidden voices in accounting history that should be explored. One of those voices belongs to Benjamin Thornton Montgomery, a Southern slave who became a plantation manager and owner. Observing Montgomery’s practices through the unique historical lens of the ante-bellum period of the United States, we argue that he should also be acknowledged for his responsibilities as an accountant. Accordingly, we use an analytically structured narrative process to examine the compelling case of Ben Montgomery to inform a more accurate and balanced historical foundation of accounting practice in America.
Fatal infection with Versteria sp. in a muskrat, with implications for human health
Authors: Niedringhaus Kevin D. , Ganoe Laken S. , Lovallo Matthew , Walter W. David , Yabsley Michael J. , Brown Justin D.
Published: December 2021

The Taeniidae tapeworms are a family of helminths that have a similar life cycle, with intermediate hosts developing characteristic cysts in visceral organs. We describe here a case in Pennsylvania, USA, of fatal Versteria infection in a muskrat ( Ondatra zibethicus), which, to our knowledge, has not been reported to develop disease associated with infection. Postmortem examination revealed widespread tissue loss and replacement by solid-bodied cestode larvae with minimal adjacent inflammation in many visceral organs, most severe in the lungs, liver, and brain. Key morphologic features via histology included cephalic structures and short rostellar hooklets, which are characteristic for the genus. Genetic characterization confirmed the cestode as being an undescribed lineage of Versteria that has been implicated as the cause of severe morbidity and mortality in humans and nonhuman primates in North America. Considering the zoonotic significance of this pathogen, our report expands on the limited literature regarding disease caused by Versteria and emphasizes the need to identify the causative tapeworm more accurately, especially in rodent intermediate hosts given that previous reports do not have molecular confirmation of species.
A minimum transmitted load control method for shock isolation mounts with magnetorheological energy absorbers
Authors: Feng Zhongqiang , Yu Dong , Chen Zhaobo , Xing Xudong , Yan Hui
Published: December 2021

This paper proposed a minimum transmitted load (MTL) control method for drop-induced shock isolation mounts (SIM) with magnetorheological energy absorbers (MREAs). MTL control method consists of two parts of maximum damping force (MDF) control and one part of constant acceleration (CA) control, which can make the payload stop after fully utilize MREA stroke (soft landing) with minimum transmitted load. The control algorithm of MTL control method is derived in a single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system. The relationship between the controllable velocity range of MTL control method and parameters of shock isolation mounts is also derived. An optimal control method selection criterion between Bingham number (BN) control method and MTL control method is developed. The performance of MTL control method and selection criterion are shown by applying to the SIM system with variable drop velocities and system parameters. Results shows that MTL control method has the minimum transmitted load and the selection criterion is feasible.
A Secondary Analysis of the Intensity of Hospice Visits Among Medicare Decedents in the Last Seven Days of Life by Place of Residence
Authors: Karikari-Martin Pauline , Zhao Lirong , Miescier Lynn
Published: December 2021

Background

In 2016, Medicare finalized the Service Intensity Add-on (SIA) payment policy to increase the intensity of hospice registered nurse (RN) or social worker (SW) visits in the last 7 days of life. The research objective was to compare the intensity of hospice RN or SW visits in the last 7 days of life among older decedents who received a hospice visit, while residing in a traditional home, an assisted living facility, or long-term nursing home.

Methods

A retrospective analysis using 2016-2018 Medicare data of decedents 65 years or older (n= 2 067 863) related to the Medicare SIA payment policy. Intensity was defined as the number and duration of hospice RN or SW visits in the last 7 days of life using Medicare claims code G0299 and G0155.

Results

Regression results suggest that decedents who received a SIA related visit while residing in an assisted living facility, had on average a slightly longer duration of hospice RN visits in the last 7 days of life, compared to decedents residing in a traditional home, after controlling for demographics and other factors (P<.0001). The duration of hospice RN visits remained unchanged among decedents who received a SIA visit in 2017 or 2018, when compared to 2016 (P <.0001). Overall the average number of hospice SW visits did not differ by place of residence among decedents who received a SIA visit.

Conclusions

Among decedents who received a SIA related visit, the duration of hospice RN visits were slightly different by place of residence.
Effect of Counseling on Quality of Life and Self-Care Agency for Patients Who are Scheduled for Total Knee Replacement
Authors: Kaya Çiğdem , Bilik Özlem
Published: December 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of counseling on quality of life and self-care agency for patients who are scheduled for total knee replacement (TKR). The study has a quantitative and quasi-experimental design with a control group. The patients in the control group ( n = 40) received routine care. Face-to-face and telephone counseling was offered to individuals in the intervention group ( n = 39). The data was collected at face-to-face interviews by using a patient characteristics form, Quality of Life Scale, and Self-Care Agency Scale. The scores for quality of life and self-care agency in the 6th to 8th and 14th to 16th weeks after surgery were very significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group ( p < .001). This study shows that counseling given by the nurse increases the quality of life and self-care agency of patients undergoing TKR.
Pneumonitis associated with Trastuzumab emtansine in a patient with metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Uğraklı Muzaffer , Araz Murat , Demirkıran Aykut , Çelik Ahmet Faruk , Karakurt Eryılmaz Melek , Karaağaç Mustafa , Artaç Mehmet
Published: December 2021

Introduction

Trastuzumab emtansine (TDM-1) is an antibody–drug conjugate effective in human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 - expressing advanced breast cancer. Pulmonary complications of TDM-1 are rarely reported. TDM-1-associated interstitial lung disease is referred to as pneumonitis.

Case report

A 47-year-old female patient who underwent modified radical mastectomy and axillary lymph node dissection operations due to a palpable mass in the right breast and axillary region. The patient who had received multiple chemotherapy was last receiving TDM-1 treatment. Fatigue, dyspnea, and tachypnea were detected for the first time on 20 days after the 6th treatment.

Menagement and outcome

In our case, we first considered metastasis, pneumonia and fungal infection based on radiological findings, but the lack of response to the treatments and the results of the investigations suggested drug-induced pneumonia and steroid treatment was started. Our case had a complete radiological recovery and complete response to sterod therapy. In such cases, it is important to first exclude infections and metastasis. In cases of drug-induced pneumonia, the first treatment option is systemic corticosteroids and generally responded well.

Discussion

Unlike other cases of interstitial pneumonia, lung imaging of our case was resembling a metastasis, pneumonia and fungal infection. With increasing use of TDM-1, we will have more experience in both efficacy and complications of TDM-1. Although TDM-1 is a well-tolerated drug, clinicians should be aware of rare pulmonary complications and prepared to respond appropriately.
Dry eye disease and psychiatric disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Basilious Amy , Xu Cathy Y , Malvankar-Mehta Monali S
Published: December 2021

The association between dry eye disease (DED) and psychiatric conditions is a highly researched topic. This work reviews the literature on this relationship, examining the prevalence and correlations of depression and anxiety with dry eye signs and symptoms. A comprehensive literature search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and gray literature was conducted, with keywords for dry eye and mood disorders, depression, anxiety, and suicide. Eligible studies underwent quality assessment using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Meta-analysis was performed using STATA 15.0. Fixed- and random-effects models were computed based on the presence of heterogeneity. Thirty-two studies were included, with 31 reporting on depression and 19 on anxiety. Meta-analysis results found a depression prevalence of 40% (CI: [0.29, 0.52]) in DED patients, with 1.81 times higher odds of prevalence compared to controls (CI: [1.61, 2.02]). Prevalence of anxiety was 39% (CI: [0.15, 0.64]), with 2.32 times higher odds of prevalence compared to controls (CI: [1.67, 3.23]). Depression scores were significantly higher in patients with DED in all studies. Anxiety scores were significantly higher in DED patients in studies using all scales except the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Anxiety Subscale. DED symptom scores were significantly associated with depression (ES = 0.43; CI: [0.31, 0.55]) and anxiety (ES = 0.41; CI: [0.32, 0.50]) scores. In conclusion, depression and anxiety are more prevalent and severe in DED patients and are correlated with dry eye symptoms but not signs. These findings highlight the interrelationship between these disorders and have important implications for providing appropriate care to these patients.