bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Publications of Alisher Navoi’s Khamsa: The Timeless Legacy of a Literary Giant
Authors:   Doctoral candidate at the State, Literature Museum named after Alisher Navoi, Uzbekistan, qizi Shokirova Hilola Shokir
Published: February 2025

This article discusses the early manuscript copies and editions of Alisher Navoi’s “Khamsa” epics. Additionally, it provides information on the published and unpublished editions to date. Some printed editions are also discussed.
Theoretical and methodological aspects of philosophical-anthropological analysis of the gender identity factor in preventing domestic violence
Authors:   Researcher at Fergana State University, Uzbekistan, Bakhromdjonovich Abdurakhmonov Rustam
Published: February 2025

The article studies the theoretical and methodological foundations of the philosophical and anthropological analysis of the gender identity factor in preventing domestic violence, the philosophical aspects of ensuring gender identity in preventing domestic violence, advanced foreign experiences and priority areas, and future tasks. It also analyzes the theoretical and methodological aspects of the philosophical and anthropological analysis of the gender identity factor in preventing domestic violence.
Cultural relations of the Uzbek SSR with African countries
Authors:   Teacher of the “Department of Social Sciences”, Bukhara State Pedagogical Institute, Uzbekistan, Akhmatovich Bobokulov Okhunjon
Published: February 2025

The victory of the USSR in the World War increased its international status as the first socialist state and opened up new opportunities for establishing comprehensive relations between states. The scale of the USSR's international cultural relations led to the gaining of independence and the emergence of Asian and African countries on the world stage in the early 1960s.
Legal Nature of Smart Applications
Authors:   Lect., Head of Health Administration Department, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Najaf Technology Institute, Iraq, Hassan Dr. Rasim Ayed
Published: February 2025

Technologies involving smart applications are progressively assuming a more pivotal role in modern human life. The robust advancements of the internet, mobile technologies, and artificial intelligence have rendered a burgeoning development of smart applications imbued with such emerging technologies. A smart application denotes a program or application that can operate independently, without human intervention; perceive environmental variables, information, and data; and then render an intelligent response consistent with human applications. Similar to a traditional application, a smart application is interpreted as a sequence of programmed instructions that perform particular tasks. However, the instructions in a smart application not only command but also empower it to think and learn like a human through AI algorithms, thus cogitating, conceiving, decision making, and self-evolving.
The state of neonatal neurosonography in infants with perinatal nervous system damage
Authors:   Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, H. Ziyadullaeva , I. Turaeva ,   Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, D. Nizamova ,   Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, B. Ravshanova ,   Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, M. Sharipova ,   Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
Published: February 2025

In this study, the authors conducted ultrasound examinations of the central nervous system in newborns with perinatal nervous system damage. It was observed that infants born to mothers with a complicated obstetric history and pathological course of delivery constitute a high-risk group for perinatal nervous system damage. To early detect structural brain changes, neurosonographic examinations of the central nervous system are recommended for all newborns in the high-risk group.
Effectiveness of using the opportunities of bim technologies in developing the practical competence of construction students
Authors:   Doctoral student, Namangan engineering construction institute, Uzbekistan, Akhror Jaloldinov
Published: February 2025

The article analyzes scientific research on the development of practical competence of students of the construction education field based on modern computer technologies. Organization of teaching processes through programs based on modern computer technologies. The effectiveness of using the capabilities of BIM technologies in developing students' practical competence is studied.
Methodology of using graphic software to enhance students' knowledge in technical drawing
Authors:   Doctoral student at Tashkent State Pedagogical University, Uzbekistan, Buriboyev Rustam
Published: February 2025

The effect of metacognitive techniques on improving English instructors' capacity for independent learning is examined in this paper. The study presents a paradigm that incorporates metacognitive strategies including self-regulation, reflection, and strategic planning in recognition of the critical role that self-directed learning plays in professional development. A mixed-methods approach was used, using qualitative interviews to acquire a deeper understanding of instructors' experiences and quantitative surveys to evaluate changes in autonomous learning habits. The application of metacognitive techniques considerably enhanced teachers' capacity to assess their own learning processes, establish reasonable objectives, and modify their pedagogical approaches, according to the results.
Ensuring the rights and obligations of the representative
Authors:   Doctoral student of the Karakalpak State University named after Berdakh, Uzbekistan, Abatbaevich Adilbaev Bekbosin
Published: February 2025

Representatives have significant rights and responsibilities that are critical for efficient management and protection in the domains of law, business, and politics. This article examines the procedures for enforcing these rights and obligations, the consequences of non-compliance, and how this situation affects stakeholders. This article illustrates the importance of a balanced approach to ensure that representatives carry out their responsibilities efficiently while upholding the values of accountability and integrity, through an analysis of the basic legislative framework, case law, and enforcement strategies.
Red light excitation: illuminating photocatalysis in a new spectrum
Authors: Fortier Lucas , Lefebvre Corentin , Hoffmann Norbert
Published: February 2025

Red-light-activated photocatalysis has become a powerful approach for achieving sustainable chemical transformations, combining high efficiency with energy-saving, mild conditions. By harnessing the deeper penetration and selectivity of red and near-infrared light, this method minimizes the side reactions typical of higher-energy sources, making it particularly suited for large-scale applications. Recent advances highlight the unique advantages of both metal-based and metal-free catalysts under red-light irradiation, broadening the range of possible reactions, from selective oxidations to complex polymerizations. In biological contexts, red-light photocatalysis enables innovative applications in phototherapy and controlled drug release, exploiting its tissue penetration and low cytotoxicity. Together, these developments underscore the versatility and impact of red-light photocatalysis, positioning it as a cornerstone of green organic chemistry with significant potential in synthetic and biomedical fields.
Financial Ratios Governance and Business Risk as Determinants of Corporate Efficiency in Emerging Markets
Authors: Lestari Henny Setyo , Widiastuti Maria Carmelia , Ardelia Rahmadina , Abdullah M. Hussin
Published: February 2025

Efficiency is a critical indicator of a company's performance, reflecting its ability to utilize resources effectively. Previous studies on efficiency have often presented inconsistent findings regarding the influence of financial ratios, corporate governance, and business risk. This study aims to analyze the effect of financial ratios (leverage, liquidity, profitability), good corporate governance, and business risk on the efficiency of manufacturing companies in Indonesia listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2017 to 2023. The study uses a sample of 67 manufacturing companies selected through purposive sampling, yielding 469 observations over seven years. Panel data regression analysis was employed using EViews 9 software to test the hypotheses. The results indicate that leverage and business risk positively influence company efficiency, while liquidity, profitability, and governance do not show a significant effect. These findings suggest that financial decision-making and risk management play a pivotal role in enhancing efficiency.  The study highlights the importance of managing leverage and mitigating business risks to optimize efficiency. Investors should consider these factors when evaluating potential investments. Future research should incorporate additional variables to provide a more comprehensive understanding of efficiency determinants.
Reawakening the Past: The Role of Gamification in Preserving Cultural Legacy – A Case Study from Czechia
Authors: Karvánková Petra , Blažek Vojtěch , Klufová Renata , Rypl Jiří
Published: February 2025

In recent years, there has been a growing emphasis on protecting both natural
and cultural heritage, which often faces the threat of being forgotten or lost. The
digital era and new technologies have opened up new opportunities to make
these heritage sites accessible to the public. This trend is particularly evident in
Czechia in the Sudetenland, where the German population was displaced after
World War II. These regions, characterised by high depopulation rates, have
significant tourism potential due to their rich natural and cultural resources.
This study explores new directions in gamification and identifies successful
examples in cultural heritage care. Using geospatial data, the research tests
various gamification techniques in the field on the background of concepts
STEM and HASS. The findings suggest that gamification is crucial for regional
development and community engagement, leading to revitalising abandoned
villages and economic diversification. The study highlights the importance of
gamification in preserving cultural heritage and its role in regional development,
education, and tourism. Rurex represents an innovative gamification process
with significant potential for future development and sustainability.
Gamification in Cultural Heritage: Best Practice Case Studies from Bulgaria
Authors: Smokova Marusya , Bogdanova Margarita , Parashkevova Evelina , Stoyanova Mariela , Krasteva Elitsa , Todorova Lyubomira
Published: February 2025

Recently, gamification has gained significant attention. Even fields such as cultural heritage have not gone unnoticed, and various gamification mechanics have been widely implemented for different purposes. Bulgaria is among the countries with high interest in the matter. Although some successful initiatives have been carried out and are still being implemented, there is a lack of knowledge about what does not work well and why, which will help stakeholders avoid making the same mistakes in the future. The article aims to select best practices for gamification in Bulgaria’s cultural heritage. This purpose is addressed by applying a framework for determining best practice case studies on gamification in cultural heritage. Based on a set of twelve gamification criteria and nine impact criteria and by keeping to a three-stage methodology, the first two top-rated case studies have been selected as best practices and briefly described.
Factores asociados a la comunicación organizacional de los profesionales del servicio de fisioterapia en el sector privado
Authors: Valles-Tapia Antonio , Cornejo-Carrasco Consuelo , Sarmiento-Peralta Giusseppe
Published: February 2025

Objetivo. Determinar los factores asociados de la comunicación organizacional entre el personal de salud del área de fisioterapia en una clínica privada de Lima, Perú. Métodos. La investigación fue no experimental, cuantitativa, observacional y analítica. La muestra fue censal y estuvo compuesta por 100 profesionales de la salud. Para recolectar la información se aplicó un cuestionario, segmentado por los factores sociodemográficos y laborales, además del cuestionario de comunicación organizacional de Portugal; así mismo, se aplicó la prueba Chi cuadrado. Resultados. No se identifcó ningún factor significativamente asociado a lacomunicación organizacional, dado que el valor de p resultó ser mayor a 0,05. Sin embargo, el personal con una alta comunicación organizacional en su mayoría tenía entre 18 y 29 años (56,7 %), el 59,3 % eran varones y el 72,7 % correspondían a médicos, si lo comparamos con los niveles medio o bajo de la comunicación organizacional. Conclusiones. No se encontró ningún factor significativamente asociado con un nivel alto de comunicación organizacional entre los profesionales del servicio de fisioterapia.
Addressing Depletion in Alluvial Aquifers
Authors: Kumar Partik , Srinivasan Veena
Published: February 2025

India has one of the highest rates of groundwater extraction in the world, with depletion rates increasingly becoming a concern. The vast alluvial aquifers of the Indo-Gangetic Plain are vital for the country’s food security and livelihoods of millions. However, abstraction far exceeds natural recharge, resulting in a gradual decline. The hard-rock aquifers of peninsular India are also subjected to over-exploitation. But in these low-storage aquifers, it manifests as seasonal emptying and filling. In recent years, policy attention has shifted from supply-side approaches such as watershed management to demand-side measures such as participatory groundwater management under Atal Bhujal Yojana. However, the current strategies do not account for differences in geology. We argue that the management processes that worked in peninsular Indian hard-rock systems may not be suitable for alluvial aquifers, so a different approach is needed. To make this case, we draw on Ostrom’s Institutional Analysis and Development framework for the management of common-pool resources. We argue that the characteristics of groundwater resources, the socioeconomic attributes of uses and users, and the rules governing use framed by existing institutions and agrarian policies are the distinguishing features to be considered in building solutions for alluvial aquifers.
Konkurrerande culpakriterier
Authors: Dahlman Christian
Published: February 2025

Beskrivning saknas.
Hans (ord) eller hennes?
Authors: Andersson Ulrika
Published: February 2025

Beskrivning saknas.
Consideraciones para el uso eficiente del nitrógeno en sistemas de producción de café
Authors: Sadeghian Siavosh
Published: February 2025

En la mayoría de las regiones de Colombia, la productividad de café se afecta cuando se excluye el nitrógeno de los planes de fertilización. El incremento constante en los precios de los fertilizantes, sumado a los efectos ambientales que puede generar el suministro de nitrógeno (principalmente por lixiviación y gases de efecto invernadero), obligan a revisar de manera permanente los planes de manejo, buscando así una mayor eficiencia en el uso de este nutriente. En concordancia, el principal desafío consiste en generar alternativas que permitan aumentar la productividad y la rentabilidad, sin comprometer la sostenibilidad de los recursos. En la práctica, será necesario revisar los planes de fertilización, según los requerimientos del cultivo, las propiedades del suelo, el sistema de producción, la cantidad y distribución de la lluvia, y la relación costo/beneficio.
Interpersonal Communication Between Teachers and Parents in Experience-Based Education at Elementary School
Authors: ANDAMISARI Dessy , RONDA Mirza , DUA Mikael
Published: February 2025

Interpersonal communication between teachers and parents in experience-based education at the elementary school level faces challenges such as a lack of openness, empathy, and shared understanding, which can hinder effective learning. This study aims to analyze the interpersonal communication between teachers and parents in experience-based education, identify barriers, and develop effective interpersonal communication strategies. The study is grounded in DeVito’s Interpersonal Communication Theory (openness, empathy, support, positive attitude, equality), Carl Rogers’ Humanistic Theory (authenticity, unconditional acceptance), and John Dewey’s Experience-Based Learning approach. This research employs a qualitative method with a postpositivist paradigm. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and document analysis, then analyzed using a thematic approach. The findings indicate that openness, empathy, supportive attitudes, positive attitudes, equality, authenticity, and unconditional acceptance in interpersonal communication play a crucial role in enhancing parental involvement in experience-based education. Teachers use various communication strategies, including face-to-face interactions and digital media such as WhatsApp, to foster more inclusive communication. However, major barriers identified include limited direct interaction, differences in expectations between teachers and parents, and technological access constraints affecting communication effectiveness. The novelty of this study lies in the development of interpersonal communication strategies that integrate humanistic and experiential approaches in teacher-parent interactions. Unlike previous studies that primarily focused on teachers' communication within the classroom, this study addresses the gap by proposing an interpersonal communication model based on authenticity and unconditional acceptance, which can enhance parental engagement in experience-based education at the elementary school level.
Bibó István és két társának büntetőpere a kádári megtorlás rendszerében II.
Authors: Zinner Tibor
Published: February 2025

This is the second part of the comprehensive account of István Bibó’s trial.
Pengaruh Literasi Keuangan Dan Penggunaan Media Sosial Terhadap Kinerja UMKM
Authors: Aulia Elvira Frischa , Mariska Revi Sasti , Suseno Novie Susanti
Published: February 2025

Our main objective in conducting this research is to identify the relationship between MSME performance and the level of financial literacy and social media usage in Garut Regency. The purpose of this study is to help MSMEs, which in turn will help the economy, the labor market, and the field of management and economic theory. The sample for this study consists of all micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Garut Regency, which is 45 samples. The author used a questionnaire to collect information directly from the MSME players in Garut Regency. After collecting data through surveys and literature studies, the author analyzed it using multiple linear regression and the coefficient of determination. Quantitative methods were used in this study. Based on the research results, there is an influence between financial literacy and the success of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). Micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) tend to do better when their owners are financially literate and active on social media.
Designing a sustainable closed-loop supply chain using robust possibilistic-stochastic programming in pentagonal fuzzy numbers
Authors: Hosseini Dehshiri Seyyed Jalaladdin , Amiri Maghsoud , Hajiaghaei-Keshteli Mostafa , Keshavarz-Ghorabaee Mehdi , Zavadskas Edmundas Kazimieras , Antuchevičienė Jurgita
Published: February 2025

The lack of information and hybrid uncertainties in Supply Chain (SC) parameters affect managerial decisions. It is inevitable to consider random uncertainty based on fuzzy scenarios and cognitive uncertainty to model a Sustainable Closed-Loop SC (SCLSC) problem. Using Pentagonal Fuzzy Numbers (PFNs) has higher comprehensiveness and accuracy than triangular and trapezoidal fuzzy numbers due to taking into account higher uncertainty, less lack of information, and taking into account maximum subjectivity Decision-Makers (DMs). There is a gap in the literature regarding the use of PFNs in SCLSC problems. This research presents a new model using PFNs to solve deficiencies in stochastic-possibilistic programming. Developing a Robust Stochastic-Possibilistic (RSP) based on PFNs under fuzzy scenarios, presenting measures of necessity, possibility, and credibility for making decisions founded on different levels of DMs’ risk, and proposing global solutions through providing linear programming models are the main innovations and contributions of the present research. An actual case study evaluates the presented approach to reduce the cost and carbon pollution in the stone paper SC. In the suggested method, trade-offs could be formed between the mean of objective functions and risk by modifying the robustness coefficients. According to the proposed approach, an optimal value of confidence is specified. Additionally, robustness deviations are controlled in the model, which results in more accurate and reliable results. Numerical simulations confirmed the efficacy of the robust approach proposed.
First published online 7 February 2025
Upper Limits on Stellar Companions to the Kepler-34 and Kepler-35 Systems
Authors: Jurado Carlos , Weiss Lauren M. , Daclison Laura , Tofflemire Benjamin M. , Orosz Jerome A. , Welsh William F.
Published: February 2025

We obtained new spectra of Kepler-34 and Kepler-35 with Keck-HIRES—nearly a decade after these systems were originally characterized with this spectrograph and other instruments—to search for radial velocity (RV) trends from a potential third stellar-mass companion at long periods. For Kepler-34, we rule out coplanar stellar masses as low as 0.12M
⊙ at an orbital period of  ≲52 yr. For Kepler-35, we rule out stellar masses of 0.13M
⊙ at orbital periods of  ≲55 yr. Highly stable, extreme precision RV instruments, as well as improved methodologies in characterizing double-lined spectroscopic binaries that come with these new instruments, will provide an opportunity to push these mass limits lower in the future.
Multimessenger Probes of Supermassive Black Hole Spin Evolution
Authors: Ricarte Angelo , Natarajan Priyamvada , Narayan Ramesh , Palumbo Daniel C. M.
Published: February 2025

Using the semianalytic model Serotina, we investigate the cosmic spin evolution of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) incorporating recent results from general-relativistic magnetohydrodynamics simulations of spin-down from relativistic jets. We compare several variations of our model with compiled black hole (BH) spin measurements derived from X-ray reflection spectroscopy, correcting for a bias arising from the spin-dependent radiative efficiency of accretion flows. We show that the observed spin distribution is in agreement with a model that includes jet-driven spin-down, a key mechanism that acts to modulate spins across cosmic time at both high and very low specific accretion rates. The data also clearly prefer models with coherent accretion over models in which accretion disks rapidly switch from prograde to retrograde. We further predict spin distributions accessible via spatially resolved event horizons by the next-generation Event Horizon Telescope and Black Hole Explorer, as well as gravitational waves by the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA), each of which offers unique and distinct windows into the population of spinning BHs. Jet-driven spin-down is most strongly imprinted on the abundance of very highly spinning objects in our model. In addition, we show that the spin distribution sampled by LISA events may contain a signature of the natal spin distribution of heavy seeds, but not of light seeds, offering additional discrimination between these seeding pathways. Spin distributions from these future observed samples can be used to constrain the detailed physical properties of the accretion flow on horizon scales around SMBHs.
Discovery and Detailed Study of the M31 Classical Nova AT 2023tkw: Evidence for Internal Shocks
Authors: Basu Judhajeet , Kumar Ravi , Anupama G.C. , Barway Sudhanshu , Hauschildt Peter H. , Chamoli Shatakshi , Swain Vishwajeet , Bhalero Varun , Karambelkar Viraj , Kasliwal Mansi , Das Kaustav K. , Andreoni Igor , Singh Avinash , Teja Rishabh Singh
Published: February 2025

We present a detailed analysis of an extragalactic slow classical nova in M31 exhibiting multiple peaks in its light curve. Spectroscopic and photometric observations were used to investigate the underlying physical processes. Shock-induced heating events resulting in the expansion and contraction of the photosphere are likely responsible for the observed multiple peaks. Deviation of the observed spectrum at the peak from the models also suggests the presence of shocks. The successive peaks occurring at increasing intervals could be due to the series of internal shocks generated near or within the photosphere. Spectral modeling suggests a low-mass white dwarf (WD) accreting slowly from a companion star. The ejecta mass, estimated from spectral analysis, is ~10−4
M
⊙, which is typical for a slow nova. We estimate the binary, by comparing the archival Hubble Space Telescope data and eruption properties with stellar and nova models, to comprise a 0.65 M
⊙ primary WD and a K iii cool evolved secondary star.
The Extreme-ultraviolet Precursors and Postcursors of Solar Flares
Authors: Krista Larisza D.
Published: February 2025

EUV brightenings are small-scale magnetic reconnection events that consistently appear before and after solar flares. However, it is not well understood how EUV precursors might foreshadow flares and what the physical connection is between the EUV signatures and flares. We studied flare-active and inactive periods in three separate studies using the Detection and EUV Flare Tracking (DEFT) tool. In Study 1, EUV signatures were identified in 200 no-flare days, in Study 2 EUV signatures before 360 flares were analyzed, and in Study 3 close to 36,000 EUV signatures were detected, and their pre- and postflare distribution and trends were studied. Our key questions were as follows: do EUV signatures occur consistently before flares, do EUV signatures occur without flares, are there flares without EUV precursors, and is it possible to forecast different magnitude flares based on preceding EUV signature trends? Study 1 showed that in no-flare periods EUV signatures were only detected 4% of the time. Study 2 showed that EUV precursors were present 92% of the time within 6 hr before ≥C-class flares. Study 3 showed that over 90% of the signatures were associated with flares (≥B class), and over 50% of all signatures were associated with ≥M-class flares. A superposed epoch analysis showed precursor frequency peaks at  ∼70 and 100 minutes before M- and X-class flares, respectively, while B- and C-class flares had no notable precursor frequency peaks. These results demonstrate the close connection between EUV signatures and flares and the significant potential EUV signatures have in improving space weather forecasting.
Solar Coronal Mass Ejection and Post–Coronal Mass Ejection Blob Formation in Two-fluid Simulations
Authors: Du J. C. , Ma Z. W.
Published: February 2025

A coronal mass ejection (CME) and post-CME blob phenomena in the solar atmosphere, associated with shear flow and convergent flow perturbations in the photosphere, are investigated using a resistive two-fluid (electron–ion) code. It is found that there are notable deviations between the two-fluid and previous magnetohydrodynamic simulations. In this two-fluid approach, the decoupling motions of ions and electrons leads to the emergence of an additional electric field. With expansion of a magnetic arcade associated with the footpoint shear flows, a thin current sheet is formed and a series of magnetic reconnections occurs in the lower region of the central magnetic arcade. The initial reconnection gives rise to a rising magnetic island, displaying typical CME characteristics. Subsequent reconnections produce smaller, more rapidly ascending blobs. These smaller blobs ultimately merge with the primary CME core, thereby accelerating its ascent.
Star Formation in the Lopsided Galaxy Arp 291
Authors: Proshina Irina S. , Oparin Dmitriy V.
Published: February 2025

We have investigated the star formation process taking place in the lopsided galaxy Arp 291, based on narrowband images in the Hα, [N ii]λ6583, and [O iii]λ5007 emission lines, obtained using the modern tunable photometer MaNGaL at the Caucasus Mountain Observatory. We have diagnosed 30 star-forming (SF) regions by means of the Baldwin–Phillips–Terlevich method. The oxygen abundance of the ionized gas in the SF regions varies in the range from 8.17 ± 0.04 to 8.47 ± 0.16 dex, which is typical for spiral and irregular galaxies, and shows an anticorrelation with the surface density of current star formation rates. Star formation in the lopsided galaxy Arp 291 occurs in separate clumps comparable in size to those observed in spiral and lenticular galaxies, at a rate typical for these types of galaxies. The clumps of current star formation are located irregularly in the distorted spiral arms of Arp 291. Possible causes of lopsidedness of the galaxy are discussed.
Observing Supernova Neutrino Light Curves with Super-Kamiokande. V. Distance Estimation with Neutrinos
Authors: Suwa Yudai , Harada Akira , Mori Masamitsu , Nakazato Ken’ichiro , Akaho Ryuichiro , Harada Masayuki , Koshio Yusuke , Nakanishi Fumi , Sumiyoshi Kohsuke , Wendell Roger A.
Published: February 2025

Neutrinos are pivotal signals in multimessenger observations of supernovae (SNe). Recent advancements in the analysis method of supernova (SN) neutrinos, especially in quantitative analysis, have significantly broadened scientific possibilities. This study demonstrates the feasibility of estimating distances to SNe using neutrinos. This estimation utilizes the direct relationship between the radius of a neutron star (NS) and the distance to the supernova, which is analogous to main-sequence fitting. The radius of an NS is determined with an approximate uncertainty of 10% through observations such as X-rays and gravitational waves. By integrating this information, the distance to the supernova can be estimated with an uncertainty of within 15% at a 95% confidence level. It has been established that neutrinos can pinpoint the direction of supernovae, and when combined with distance estimates, three-dimensional localization becomes achievable. This capability is vital for follow-up observations using multimessenger approaches. Moreover, more precise distance determinations to SNe through follow-up observations, such as optical observations, allow for accurate measurements of neutron-star radii. This data, via the neutron-star mass–radius relationship, could provide various insights into nuclear physics.
Discovery of the Richest Pulsating Ultramassive White Dwarf
Authors: De Gerónimo Francisco C. , Uzundag Murat , Rebassa-Mansergas Alberto , Brown Alex , Kilic Mukremin , Córsico Alejandro H. , Jewett Gracyn C. , Moss Adam G.
Published: February 2025

The discovery of pulsations in ultramassive (UM) white dwarfs (WDs) can help to probe their interiors and unveil their core composition and crystallized mass fraction through asteroseismic techniques. To date, the richest pulsating UM WD known is BPM 37093 with 8 modes detected, for which detailed asteroseismic analysis has been performed in the past. In this work, we report the discovery of 19 pulsation modes in the UM WD star WD J0135+5722, making it the richest pulsating hydrogen-atmosphere UM WD known to date. This object exhibits multiperiodic luminosity variations with periods ranging from 137 to 1345 s, typical of pulsating WDs in the ZZ Ceti instability strip, which is centered at T
eff ∼ 12,000 K. We estimate the stellar mass of WD J0135+5722 by different methods, resulting in M
⋆ ∼ 1.12–1.14 M
⊙ if the star’s core is made of oxygen and neon or M
⋆ ∼ 1.14–1.15 M
⊙ if the star hosts a carbon oxygen core. Future analysis of the star periods could shed light on the core chemical composition through asteroseismology.
Integrating phylogeographic and phenotypic evidence to delimit deep evolutionary lineages in the Dryophytes japonicus species complex, with an assessment of their conservation needs
Authors: Borzée Amaël , Jang Yikweon , Othman Siti N. , Groffen Jordy , Maslova Irina V. , Purevdorj Zoljargal , Yasumiba Kiyomi , Shimada Tomohiko , Yi Yoonjung , Schepina Natalya Alekseevna , Andersen Desiree , Bae Yoonhyuk , Miura Ikuo , Dufresnes Christophe
Published: February 2025

Proper taxonomic and phylogeographic frameworks are a prerequisite in evolutionary, ecological, and conservation research, but many species still lack adequate assessments. Earlier studies on the northeast Asian treefrog, Dryophytes japonicus, identified a deep Mio-Pliocene diversification; however, phenotypic assessments were lacking, and the taxonomic identity of the identified clades is under debate. In this study, we assessed the genetic, genomic, morphological, and acoustic diversity and differentiation within the D. japonicus complex to propose taxonomic arrangements and assess taxon-specific threats for each defined clade. Analyses of four mtDNA genes and 42.8 kb nuclear loci obtained by RAD-sequencing (RAD-seq) confirmed two distinct species-level clades that diverged ~6 Mya, one provisionally assigned to D. japonicus in southern Japan and mainland Asia and the other unnamed (D. cf. japonicus) in northern Japan and adjacent Russian islands. According to the mitochondrial data, each species is further divided into two subclades of Pleistocene age that display differences in morphological and call properties that may represent candidate subspecies: D. j. japonicus in southwestern Japan and D. j. stepheni on the Asian mainland and two unnamed lineages in Central and Northern Japan for D. cf. japonicus. Phenotypic differentiation between populations was only partly linked to their phylogenetic relationships. Finally, despite the relatively narrow ranges of many lineages, none crosses the threshold to be currently listed as threatened. The conservation of the diversity of the D. japonicus complex will necessarily require proper population monitoring and additional investigations to evaluate whether the unnamed delimited lineages merit taxonomic descriptions.
Alien species of Ipomoea in Greece, Türkiye and Iran: distribution, impacts and management
Authors: Sohrabi Sima , Yazlık Ayşe , Bazos Ioannis , Gherekhloo Javid , Kati Vaya , Kitiş Yasin Emre , Arianoutsou Margarita , Kortz Alessandra , Pyšek Petr
Published: February 2025

New introductions of alien Ipomoea species and their negative impacts have increased in Greece, Türkiye, and Iran. However, little is known about their current status, distribution, impacts, and management. Here, we provide a detailed overview of Ipomoea species in these countries and discuss the current and proposed management options for restoring invaded plant communities. We report on four alien Ipomoea species in Greece (three naturalized and one casual), 10 in Türkiye (eight naturalized and two casual), and 11 in Iran (eight naturalized of which two are invasive and three casual). Their most significant negative impact was detected in agricultural areas, especially in spring crops like soybean, cotton, and maize, with I. hederacea, I. purpurea, and I. triloba being the most troublesome weeds. Native plants are mainly threatened by I. indica, I. leucantha, and I. triloba. The management of Ipomoea species differs according to the habitats invaded; in agricultural areas, the management is more dependent on the host crop and the available registered herbicides, whereas in areas with natural habitats, other management options such as mechanical and biological measures are more appropriate. The information from this work will be useful for the early detection of Ipomoea species in countries neighboring the already invaded ones.
Two new species in the green lacewing genus Santocellus (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae, Leucochrysini)
Authors: Tauber Catherine A.
Published: February 2025

Based on adult morphological features, two new species are described and assigned to the leucochrysine genus Santocellus: Santocellus legrandisp. nov. from Central America and Santocellus helenesp. nov. from Bolivia. As a result, the genus, which now contains five known species, becomes more securely defined. An updated catalog and an illustrated key to the known Santocellus species are provided.
Actualités du programme de dépistage néonatal de la drépanocytose en France
Authors: Laskri M. , Allaf B. , Nguyen C. , Couque N.
Published: February 2025

La drépanocytose, maladie génétique la plus fréquente en France, fait partie des cinq maladies dépistées à la naissance selon la liste fixée par arrêté ministériel. Le dépistage est réalisé au troisième jour de vie, à partir d’un prélèvement de sang et fait appel à des techniques d’analyse de l’hémoglobine, validées dans ce cadre particulier, caractérisant l’hémoglobine S (HbS). Il permet précocement l’identification et la prise en charge médicale de toutes les formes de syndrome drépanocytaire majeur. En France le dépistage néonatal s’inscrit dans un système de soins organisé pour la prise en charge efficace des enfants atteints et de leur suivi à long terme.
La pandémie de Covid-19
Authors: Berche Patrick
Published: February 2025

Fin 2019, apparaissent à Wuhan, en Chine, les premiers cas d’une pneumopathie atypique ressemblant au SARS. Cette maladie nommée Covid-19 est due à un coronavirus inconnu mis au jour en janvier 2020, le SARS-CoV-2. Ce virus va se répandre dans toute la Chine, obligeant les autorités au confinement de la population, puis sera à l’origine d’une pandémie gagnant par avion l’Europe, les États-Unis, l’Amérique du Sud, la Russie, l’Inde, et l’Afrique… Il déclenche une maladie respiratoire bénigne dans 85 % des cas, mais pouvant évoluer vers une détresse respiratoire sévère dans 15 % des cas. La Covid-19 épargne les enfants et entraîne une mortalité chez les personnes de plus de 65 ans et chez celles souffrant de comorbidités (diabète, hypertension artérielle, obésité…). Le virus est très contagieux avec un R0 à 2,5-3,5. Il entraîne dans les pays européens une létalité d’environ 0,6 % (nombre de décès par rapport à celui des personnes contaminées symptomatiques ou porteuses saines). Ce taux peut atteindre 10 à 12 % chez les sujets âgés ou fragiles. La Covid-19 évolue en deux phases : la première, avec des symptômes respiratoires bénins qui aboutit souvent à une rapide guérison, et la seconde, avec détresse respiratoire aiguë liée à une réponse inflammatoire intense (« orage cytokinique »). Le SARS-CoV-2 provient des chauves-souris et serait passé par un hôte intermédiaire, le pangolin. C’est un coronavirus à ARN simple brin de 30 kb, enveloppé, assez résistant dans l’environnement, transmis par les gouttelettes salivaires et les aérosols des exhalaisons. Il se multiplie dans les cellules épithéliales du rhinopharynx, les pneumocytes de type II des alvéoles et les cellules endothéliales. Pour pénétrer les cellules, il s’attache au récepteur cellulaire ACE-2 (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 ), enzyme transmembranaire qui contrôle la tension artérielle. L’infection déclenche une réponse immunitaire mettant en jeu l’immunité innée, l’immunité cellulaire à lymphocytes T cytotoxiques et l’immunité humorale avec production d’anticorps neutralisants. Après la guérison, les patients sont protégés pour une durée encore indéterminée. Jusqu’ici, aucun traitement antiviral n’a démontré sa réelle efficacité. De très nombreuses recherches à travers le monde ont été lancées pour mettre au point un vaccin et des médicaments antiviraux spécifiques. Au 16 août 2020, on dénombrait dans le monde près de 21,7 millions de cas de Covid-19, dont 770 518 décès, chiffres largement sous-estimés. La seule prévention de la contamination demeure aujourd’hui le respect des mesures barrières (port du masque, lavage de mains, distanciation physique), en particulier pour les personnes âgées et fragiles.
L’identification des Aspergillus en 2020
Authors: Afquir Abdel , Imbert S.
Published: February 2025

L’identification des champignons du genre Aspergillus au laboratoire, traditionnellement fondée sur leurs caractéristiques morphologiques, a été bouleversée ces dernières années par une modification en profondeur de leur taxonomie. L’introduction du concept d’espèces cryptiques a ainsi considérablement augmenté le nombre d’espèces impliquées en pathologie humaine. Au-delà d’un intérêt épidémiologique, leur identification précise s’est avérée primordiale d’un point de vue clinique, car certaines espèces sont associées à une pathogénicité ou à un profil de résistance aux antifongiques particuliers. Initialement réservée aux laboratoires de référence ayant accès aux outils de séquençage, l’arrivée de la spectrométrie de masse MALDI-TOF, dans les laboratoires de biologie médicale, a démocratisé l’identification précise de ces champignons, au même titre que les autres microorganismes. Cependant, l’exactitude de leur identification dépendra de la qualité de la base de données utilisée, susceptible de varier en fonction des fournisseurs ou du système utilisé.
Exploration biologique des réactions d’hypersensibilité péri-opératoires
Authors: Nicaise-Roland P. , Dejoux A. , Bruhns P. , Longrois D. , Chollet-Martin S. , Agulu Chika Okeke , de Chaisemartin L.
Published: February 2025

Les réactions d’hypersensibilité médicamenteuse aiguë périopératoires (HSAP) sont des évènements imprévisibles pouvant avoir de graves conséquences pour les patients. Les substances les plus fréquemment incriminées sont les curares, suivies des antibiotiques. À la suite d’une HSAP, les décisions relatives aux procédures d’anesthésie ultérieures (en particulier le choix d’un curare) peuvent être difficiles en raison d’un bilan diagnostique non concluant pour une proportion importante de patients. En effet, les méthodes diagnostiques actuelles reposent toutes sur l’hypothèse d’une réaction allergique régie par une dégranulation mastocytaire, consécutive au pontage d’IgE spécifiques de surface par un allergène. Elles comprennent la détection de produits de dégranulation des mastocytes et des IgE spécifiques des médicaments, ainsi que des tests cutanés réalisés à distance (endotype IgE). Néanmoins, plusieurs travaux dans des modèles animaux ou des cohortes observationnelles montrent que d’autres voies indépendantes des IgE, qui ne sont pas explorées par les tests actuels, peuvent être impliquées dans les HSAP. La restriction de l’approche diagnostique étiologique (identification du médicament responsable) des HSAP à l’endotype IgE génère une incertitude quant au risque de récidive et aux choix des médicaments (principalement les curares) pour les procédures d’anesthésie ultérieures. Dans cette revue, nous détaillons les différents mécanismes ou endotypes d’HSAP décrits, ainsi que les tests diagnostiques actuellement disponibles et leurs limites. De plus, nous discutons la place de nouveaux tests candidats susceptibles d’être utiles pour le diagnostic d’une HSAP indépendante des IgE.
Faire sensation
Authors: Oviedo Álvaro
Published: February 2025

Comment les expériences du jeu et de l’écoute sont-elles impliquées dans l’écriture musicale des xxe et xxie siècles chez György Kurtág et Helmut Lachenmann, chez Luciano Berio, Anton Webern, Pierre Boulez, Fausto Romitelli et Olga Neuwirth ? Les réponses ici proposées passent par une esthétique du corps, de la sensation, du lien matière-signification, du devenir et du possible pour dégager non seulement de nouvelles catégories de l’écriture musicale mais aussi une conception ouverte de l’œuvre : une sensation en train de se faire, le devenir enchevêtré des trois actes constitutifs du musical – jouerécouterécrire.L’ouvrage fait ainsi apparaître l’idée selon laquelle la véritable matière de la musique n’est ni la note ni le son, mais le geste, c’est-à-dire un faire indissociable d’un affect, c’est-à-dire d’un sentir. Le propre de la musique c’est alors de faire sentir : quelque chose qui n’était pas perceptible jusque-là le devient – une brèche s’ouvre, celle d’un monde possible. Un geste musical nous touche, il fait irruption, il transforme nos manières de sentir et de penser. Il fait sensation.
Digital Play Addiction Tendency Behaviors in Early Children Reflections in Social Environments
Authors: Budak Kadriye Selin
Published: February 2025

This chapter discusses children's digital play addiction tendencies and their impact on behavior in different social environments within the framework of microsystems. These tendencies affect children's developmental behaviors in various life areas. Interviews with 12 teachers revealed insights into how these tendencies manifest in classroom environments. The “Preschool Teachers' Opinions on the Reflections of Digital Play Addiction Tendencies” form was used for data collection. Digital play addiction has significant negative effects on development and learning, including distraction, reduced empathy, cooperation, and group participation. Children may imitate violent behaviors from digital play, increasing aggression. Addiction also causes attention problems, reduced academic success, and negatively impacts creative thinking and problem-solving skills, complicating classroom management and affecting other students' learning. Therefore, careful management of technology integration and guidance on potential risks are crucial for teachers.
Utilizing Artificial Intelligence and Data Science to Mitigate the Impacts of Climate Change
Authors: Darwish Dina
Published: February 2025

Artificial intelligence (AI) is significantly contributing to the scientific comprehension of climate change. Although AI and Data science (DS) applications are still in their nascent phases of research, the advancements made thus far indicate significant potential for improved monitoring of human-caused climate effects, enhanced comprehension of the Earth's climate evolution, and more accurate predictions of climate impacts. Computer simulations of intricate climate models are the foundation of the most accurate scientific comprehension of climate processes and predictions of climatic consequences. In order to validate these simulations, the findings are compared with different models through a process known as “model intercomparison”. Additionally, the results are also compared to historical meteorological data in a process called “hindcasting”. Artificial intelligence (AI) can enhance the comparison process by detecting biases in certain models and extracting the most valuable physical findings from the ever-growing volume of climate model output data. This chapter discusses the role of AI and DS in reducing climate change effects, illustrating utilizations, use cases and challenges.
Leveraging Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable Development in Agriculture
Authors: Pandey Ananya , Joseph Jipson
Published: February 2025

In a world where sustainability has been given utmost priority, agriculture plays a pivotal role. Artificial Intelligence in the agricultural sector has changed the landscape of agriculture across the globe. ‘Agvolution' (evolution in agriculture) including AI supported precision farming methods, data analytics, and robotics is a novel strategy which increases crop yields using less fertilizers, and energy. AI in agriculture supports ethical farming, boost revenue, and lessen negative environmental effects. AI systems aggregate data from weather stations, sensors, and satellites to produce improved weather forecasts. This mechanism enhances environmental sustainability. Despite numerous advantages with AI, the farming community face challenges like data security and privacy, high cost of machines and tools. In light of the above, the authors explore the usage of AI in agriculture to attain sustainability, and analyze the need to establish governance structures for increasing food security and systems to overcome the challenges faced by the farmers.