bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kiprah Gereja Keuskupan Ruteng Pascatambang (Studi Kasus Masyarakat Lingkar Tambang di Paroki St. Thomas Morus Robek, Keuskupan Ruteng)
Authors: & Benediktus Denar Keristian Dahurandi
Published: July 2023

he Catholic Church is called to maintain the integrity of the naturalenvironment since the environment is regarded as brothers and sisters.The Catholic Church regards this call as a sacred mission. Since themining investment in Manggarai, West Flores occurred the Church ofDiocese of Ruteng has consistently rejected it. The reasons are mininginvestments damage the environment and destroy the culture of localcommunities. Breakdown of various actions of resistance, miningactivities do not exist Manggarai any more, although some MiningBusiness Permits (IUPs) have not been revoked by the government.However, the impact of mining does not necessarily disappear fromthe lives of the people around the mining sites. Based on this fact, it isan urgent call of the Catholic Church in Manggarai to assist the post-mining communities as a form of defending the poor and the suffering.To achieve this goal, this study uses qualitative methods strengthenedby the process of data analysis through collection, reduction, display,and verification of data from interviews, observations, and documentstudies. These processes are also strengthened by questionnaire dataanalyzed by descriptive statistics. The results of the study indicate thatthe Church has been present as a sacrament of salvation and is calledto keep on accompanying and healing the wounds of the residents ofthe former mining circle. These undertakings are carried out through he Church’s five tasks: liturgy, proclamation, service, fellowship, andwitnessing with various derivative activities. But the empowermentof the church is not enough. The church must consistently developalternative economic models so that the people/community areeconomically empowered without damaging the environment, adheringto the principles of sustainable development, namely the principle ofdemocracy, the principle of justice and the principle of sustainability.Thus, the empowerment carried out truly respects participation oflocal communities, restores their culture, and at the same time doesnot destroy the integrity of creation.
Effect of a care programme based on the comfort theory on physiological indicators in paediatric candidates for endoscopy: a randomised clinical trial
Authors: abo-s-haghi Mohsen Saeedi , Salehi Fatemeh , Nazari Hadis , Karimi Faezeh , Asad Imani
Published: July 2023

Background/Aims

Endoscopy is a diagnostic and therapeutic procedure used in paediatrics. This invasive procedure is anxiety-inducing, a natural response that can affect physiological indicators. Today, the use of nursing theories in the form of a comprehensive nursing care model plays a significant role in improving patient health. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the comfort-based care model on the physiological indicators of children undergoing endoscopy.

Methods

This clinical trial study was conducted on 56 paediatric patients referred to the endoscopy unit of Hajar Hospital (affiliated with the Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Iran). Children were enrolled by convenience sampling and randomly assigned to either the intervention (28 participants) or control group (28 participants). The intervention, which was based on comfort theory, was carried out 2 hours before endoscopy, encompassing four dimensions: physical, psycho-spiritual, socio-cultural and environmental. The control group received routine care. Physiological indicators were recorded in both groups before and immediately after endoscopy. Data were analysed with the Chi-square, independent t-test and paired t-test.

Results

Before the intervention, there was no statistically significant difference between the intervention and control groups in terms of their mean pulse or systolic and diastolic blood pressures. After the intervention, the mean pulse and systolic blood pressure in the intervention group was significantly decreased compared to the control group (P<0.05). The mean diastolic blood pressure after the intervention was 73.39±8.17 in the intervention group and 73.35±9.09 in the control group, and the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.801).

Conclusions

The research findings show that the comfort-based care model had a significant effect on reducing pulse and systolic blood pressure.
Novel Simple Approach for Differentiating Concentrated or Diluted Blood Samples, Hematological Disorders and Organ Dysfunctions in Acute Care Settings-A Global Perspective
Authors: Govani D.J. , Trambadia R.A. , Bathani A.S. , Swamy K.B. , Midha P.K. , Patel R.V.
Published: July 2023

Dilution or concentration of blood sample during patient receiving intravenous fluids or at presentation of disease with severe volume depletion is common clinical scenario. There are various gold standard advanced technological time-consuming elective methods like radioactive chromium method, radioactive iodine method, etc which are useful for diagnosis of dilution or concentration. But during routine examination especially at smaller peripheral centres or low-income countries where these facilities are lacking, it is difficult to check that either sample is diluted, concentrated or due to altered pathological diseased state as both will give modified results than the actual state of the patient’s current pathophysiological condition. In acute care trauma settings, intensive or critical care units and high dependency units with critically ill patients many of them having multiple organ dysfunction and associated co-morbidities, many of the decisions about their care will be based on the results of hematological and biochemical profile and the time is very crucial to take decision and act in immediately. The simple innovative approach described allows quick and accurate decision making based on correct interpretation of the investigative findings.
COVID-19 EM IDOSOS: REPERCUSSÕES E INTERVENÇÕES TERAPÊUTICAS NA PERSPECTIVA DE PROFISSIONAIS DA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA
Authors: HONORIO DOS SANTOS THAYNARA , LIRA RUFINO DE LUCENA ADRIANA , VICTOR FERNANDES DANIELLE , CRISTINA DA SILVA BUCK ELIANE , CARNEIRO ROCHA BEZERRA LEONARDA , DUARTE DE OLIVEIRA MATOS SUELLEN
Published: July 2023

A COVID-19 tornou-se um grave problema mundial e de saúde pública devido à rapidez de contágio e mortalidade, especialmente em idosos. Investigar as estratégias de cuidados ofertados pelos profissionais da Atenção Primária à Saúde diante das consequências geradas pela COVID-19 em idosos. Estudo transversal, descritivo e de abordagem quanti-qualitativa, realizado com 31 profissionais de saúde que trabalham na Atenção Primária, na cidade de Condado-PB, Brasil. A coleta de dados foi realizada nos meses de agosto a outubro de 2021 por meio de um questionário semiestruturado após aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa sob número de protocolo 78/2021 e CAAE: 50005821.6.0000.5179. Foi utilizada a técnica de Análise de Conteúdo proposta por Bardin e o IRAMUTEQ. 81% dos entrevistados são do sexo feminino; 29% com idade média de 46 a 51 anos; 48% casadas; 36% agentes comunitárias de saúde; 48% com nível médio; e 58% executam suas atribuições a mais de 10 anos. Os sintomas mais evidentes nos idosos foram tosse 87% e medo 81%; as comorbidades hipertensão e diabetes com 81%. Na nuvem de palavras, “medo” teve maior frequência no corpus (14 vezes). Implementou-se consultas, mensagens e chat online como práticas assistenciais. As ações assistenciais através dos meios tecnológicos não foram suficientes para sanar ou reduzir todos os danos à saúde dessa população. Reforça-se a necessidade do cuidado gerontológico de Enfermagem, mediante capacitação profissional, sendo necessário ressignificar as ações de atenção ao idoso, respeitando as singularidades ocasionadas pelo momento pandêmico.
Plan de negocio para la comercialización de helados a base de quinua con sabor a maracuyá en el distrito de Ate Vitarte
Authors:   , Diaz Quijada Nathali Elisbeth , Fernandez Vasquez María Isabel , Tello Yin Lin Pierre Alexis , Verde Escriba Katherine Lucinda
Published: July 2023

Durante los años se han creado muchos proyectos para el rubro de los helados, mas no necesariamente todos han sido innovaciones. Debido al calentamiento global se ha identificado que el verano o los días soleados cada año se prolongan más, y esto hace que los seres humanos busquen un producto para refrescarse, actualmente la exigencia del publico apunta a un producto natural y saludable considerando los contextos que han sean observado a partir del ciclo XXI. Actualmente el Perú no es considerado un consumidor potencial de este producto (helado), este es una oportunidad para explotar un mercado que tienen una necesidad por cubrir, este es el motivo por el cual surgió la idea de negocio. En esta idea de negocio se está trabajando 10 capítulos. Considerando que el primer capítulo las generalidades de la empresa y la determinación de oportunidad de nuestro negocio, en los siguientes capitulo se identifican los estudios de mercado, proyección de mercado objetivo, aspectos organizacionales, ingeniería del proyecto, estrategias de ventas y marketing, la situación financiera de la empresa con presupuestos e inversiones, estado de ganancia y pérdidas esta proyectadas en balances general y flujo de caja proyectado, evaluación económica financiera, cálculos de tasas de descuentos y análisis de sensibilidad y riesgo.
ON THE CONCEPTS OF FAMILY LAW IN THE CONTEXT OF MUTUAL CONSENT
Authors: Титаренко Е.П.
Published: July 2023

Объектом исследования являются следующие понятия семейного права: согласие, соглашение, договор. Целью настоящего исследования является определение лексического значения, соотношения указанных понятий, правовых форм «согласия», регламентированных в СК РФ. Обосновывается приоритетность индивидуального правового регулирования с использованием договорных конструкций, поскольку такое регулирование является более гибким по сравнению с законодательным. Сформулирована позиция автора о значении индивидуального регулирования семейных отношений, о том, что соглашение и договор являются формой согласия, о необходимости исключения из текстовой редакции принципа семейного права «разрешение внутрисемейных вопросов по взаимному согласию» прилагательного «взаимный».

The object of research is the following concepts of family law: consent, agreement, contract. The purpose of this study is to determine the lexical meaning, the correlation of these concepts, the legal forms of "consent" regulated in the RF IC. The priority of individual legal regulation using contractual structures is substantiated, since such regulation is more flexible than the legislative one. The author's position is formulated on the importance of individual regulation of family relations, that an agreement and a contract are a form of consent, on the need to exclude the adjective "mutual" from the text edition of the principle of family law "resolving intra-family issues by mutual consent".
КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ ПРИНЦИПЫ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ СУКУКОМ
Authors: Дерзаева Г.Г.
Published: July 2023

В статье рассматриваются ключевые принципы управления сукуком, изложенные в стандарте управления №12 «Управление сукуком» для учреждений, предлагающих исламские финансовые услуги, разработанного Организацией по бухгалтерскому учету и аудиту для исламских финансовых учреждений (AAOIFI). Целью исследования является дать обзор ключевых принципов управления сукуком, изложенных в стандарте управления №12 «Управление сукуком», с точки зрения его применимости в условиях экономических процессов России. По результатам проведенного исследования в статье делается вывод о возможности применения ключевых принципов управления сукуком в российской действительности.
THE USE OF SUTURE MATERIAL WITH ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES FOR INTESTINALORRHAPHY UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF ACUTE PERITONITIS I N AN EXPERIMENT
Authors: Shurma A. I. , Grynchuk F. V.
Published: July 2023

Summary. Aim. Study of the effectiveness of the use of suture material with antioxidant properties for the prevention of suture failure in the small intestine (SmlI) under conditions of acute peritonitis (AP).

Materials and methods. The research material was 70 white rats. AP was simulated in 63 animals. After 12 hours, a laparotomy was performed. In 56 animals, after washing the abdominal cavity, the SmlI was dissected and sutured. Kapron was used in the control (C), in experiment (E) - kapron impregnated with a 5 % solution of ethyl methylhydroxypyridine succinate. In 7 intact rats, 7 with AP models, and 1, 3, 5, and 7 days after SmlI suturing, sections of SmlI were taken for histological examination. The preparations were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, according to Mikel Calvo, the R/B ratio (R/BС) was determined.

Results and their discussion. 12 hours after AP modeling, the R/BC indicators in the connective tissue fibers of the submucosal base of the TC increased significantly (p<0.05). 1 day after suturing, R/BC indicators increased significantly (p<0.05) in both C and E. After 3 days, R/BC indicators increased in C and significantly decreased in E (p<0.05) . In E, fibrin was found between the fibers of the ligatures. After 5 days, the indicators of R/BC in C and E significantly decreased (p<0.05), but in E they were significantly lower (p<0.01). In C, fibrin was found between the fibers of the ligatures, in E — granulation tissue. After 7 days, R/BC indicators in C and E decreased, but in E they were significantly lower (p<0.01). In C, unfilled areas remained in the granulation tissue between the fibers of the ligatures.

Therefore, after suturing the wound of the small intestine in animals with AP models with kapron ligatures impregnated with a 5 % solution of ethyl methylhydroxypyridine succinate, according to histological studies, the reduction of the oxidation activity of the proteins of the intestinal tissues adjacent to the ligatures and the regeneration of the areas of the sutures are accelerated.

Conclusions. 1. 12 hours after the simulation of acute peritonitis in rats, the R/B ratio increases statistically significantly (p<0.05) in the connective tissue fibers of the submucosal base of the small intestine. 2. 1 day after suturing the wound of the small intestine, regardless of the type of ligatures used, in animals with models of acute peritonitis, the indicators of the R/B ratio increase statistically significantly (р<0.05). 3. In the future, within 7 days, after using ligatures impregnated with a 5 % solution of ethyl methylhydroxypyridine succinate, the R/B coefficient indicators are statistically significantly reduced and remain statistically significantly lower than the control indicators, at the same time, there are signs of relatively accelerated tissue regeneration in the areas of applied sutures.
Por quantas anda a literatura na escola?
Authors: Vasques Cristina Maria
Published: July 2023

Este artigo busca contribuir para o debate sobre a importância da arte literária na formação integral de indivíduos reflexivos, criativos, participativos e autônomos, conforme postulam os documentos oficiais brasileiros em seus discursos. Apresentamos o descompasso que existe, no Brasil, entre as metas desejadas pelo Governo e a prática vigente nas escolas – instituições que deveriam formar integralmente seus alunos e, como parte dessa formação, promover leitores literários, mas não o fazem, por conta de diversos problemas, entre os quais destacamos: o tempo irrisório destinado à literatura nos currículos da Educação Básica e a deficiência nos cursos de licenciatura em Letras e Pedagogia quanto à psicologia do desenvolvimento e à literatura infantil e juvenil, conhecimentos basilares e acentuadamente necessários para tratar com o público escolar (crianças, adolescentes e jovens).
Hidroxi-propil-béta-ciklodextrin celluláris internalizációjának és lizoszómákra gyakorolt hatásának vizsgálata
Authors: Rusznyák Ágnes , Réti-Nagy Katalin , Váradi Judit , Bácskay Ildikó , Vecsernyés Miklós , Fenyvesi Ferenc
Published: July 2023

A ciklodextrinek széles körben alkalmazott segédanyagok a lipofil gyógyszerek vízoldhatóságának és biológiai hasznosíthatóságának növelésére. Kutatócsoportunk korábban kimutatta, hogy a ciklodextrinek endocitózissal képesek bejutni a Caco-2 intesztinális epitél sejtekbe, azonban a különböző sejtek esetén történő celluláris internalizációt és az intracelluláris hatásait eddig még nem vizsgálták. Mindemellett a 2-hidroxi-propil-béta-ciklodextrin (HPBCD) koleszterin komplexáló tulajdonságának köszönhetően a C típusú Niemann Pick szindróma kezelésére alkalmazott molekula. Munkánk célja a HPBCD celluláris internalizációjának és a sejtekben található lizoszómákra gyakorolt hatásának vizsgálata és összehasonlítása Caco-2 intesztinális epitél, HeLa méhnyak epitél és hCMEC/D3 agyi endotél sejteken.
Características clínicas y epidemiológicas del cáncer de cuello uterino en pacientes de Lima Metropolitana versus provincia en el hospital central PNP “Luis Nicasio Sáenz” DEL 2016 - 2017
Authors:   , Castro Mujica Juan Fernando
Published: July 2023

El Cáncer de Cuello Uterino (CaCu), es una neoplasia que ocupa el primer lugar en incidencia y el segundo lugar en muertes de cáncer en el Perú. Teniendo en cuenta que existen varios factores que predisponen esta neoplasia, siendo el principal la presencia del Virus de Papiloma Humano (VPH), pero no siendo la única suficiente para su desarrollo. Objetivo: Determinar las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de los pacientes con Cáncer de Cuello Uterino de Lima Metropolitana en comparación con los de Provincia en el Hospital Central PNP “Luis N. Sáenz” del 2016 al 2017. Material y Método: La presente investigación es un estudio analítico de tipo observacional, retrospectivo y transversal. Poseyendo una muestra de 80 pacientes con CaCu del departamento de Ginecología del Hospital Central PNP “Luis N. Sáenz” del 2016 al 2017. Como técnica de recolección se usó la ficha de recolección de datos. Resultados: Al comparar las características clínicas y epidemiológicas en las poblaciones de Lima Metropolitana (LiMe) y Provincia, se obtuvo respectivamente, para el VPH un 90.00% y un 82.5%, en el inicio de relaciones sexuales un 52.50% y un 30.00%, en el número de parejas sexuales un 72.50% y un 55.00%. Conclusiones: En la presencia del VPH no existe una diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre ambos grupos. En el inicio de relaciones sexuales y en la cantidad de compañeros sexuales se tuvo una mayor presencia en los pacientes provenientes de LiMe.
Identificação da Doença de Alzheimer Através da Fala Utilizando Reconhecimento de Emoções
Authors: Bernieri Guilherme , Duarte Julio Cesar
Published: July 2023

Alzheimer's disease is the most common neurodegenerative dementia in elderly people in the world and its diagnosis requires a wide medical evaluation, supported by cognitive tests, clinical and imaging exams. Identifying the disease through speech can reduce the cost and time of medical diagnosis. Emotional states are important performance indicators of cognitive processes. Intelligent and non-invasive computational techniques can become relevant support tools for an early medical diagnosis. Therefore, this article addresses the use of emotion recognition through voice as a biomarker to identify the presence of Alzheimer's disease. The proposed method is based on the extraction of emotional features from speech and pattern recognition using neural networks. The results of the experiments reached an accuracy of 72.61%, a precision of 72.90% and a recall of 72.50% through cross-validation of the data.
Os impactos na saúde digital nos serviços públicos no Brasil
Authors: Souza Clemilson Augusto de , Araújo Alex-Sand Mendes Correia de , Sene Jr Iwens Gervasio
Published: July 2023

Neste trabalho analisou-se se o Programa de Melhoria, Acesso e Qualidade da Atenção Básica (PMAQ AB), que foi uma iniciativa desenvolvida pelo Ministério da Saúde, iniciada no ano de 2011, contribuiu para fortalecer a área de infraestrutura - tecnologia da informação - no sistema de saúde brasileiro. Foram investigados dados secundários disponíveis em indicadores e relatórios, resultado de avaliações realizadas entre 2011 e 2016, nas 5 grandes regiões brasileiras. Os resultados revelaram o progressivo aumento de equipes de Atenção Primária em Saúde (APS) com acesso à internet após o aporte de incentivos em todas as regiões, porém, as regiões Norte e Nordeste apresentaram baixos índices de conectividade no 1º e 2º ciclos. Isso chama a atenção para a importância da continuidade da discussão de estratégias em saúde digital que tenham como objetivo a melhoria dos serviços de saúde, sobretudo, com foco na redução da desigualdade entre as diferentes regiões do país.
Malabarismo psicanalítico
Authors: Cilurzo Neto Diva Aparecida
Published: July 2023

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar um recorte da complexa análise de crianças, chamada de “psicanálise de criança”, que envolve técnica e até mesmo a destreza de um malabarista. Com vistas a exemplificar esse percurso analítico, será narrada a vivência clínica com um infans com atraso no desenvolvimento e sinais de transtorno do espectro autista. Para maior esclarecimento do processo vivido no atendimento, serão feitos inicialmente alguns aportes teóricos, para posteriormente fazer um mergulho tridimensional no caso clínico. Durante o decurso deste relato, serão veiculados momentos intensos em que a função simbolizante encontrou no setting um campo físico e psíquico profícuo para se desenvolver. A subjetivação e a intersubjetivação foram elementos de busca durante todo o processo, contudo, sem com isso perder o respeito à condição e ao ritmo infantil.
Feminista, eu? A vivência da conquista do feminismo e a transmissão transgeracional dos papéis do gênro
Authors: Goslar Poliana Gomes
Published: July 2023

Este artigo teve por objetivo compreender de que maneira as mulheres de diferentes faixas etárias vivenciam as conquistas do feminismo ao longo do seu ciclo de vida e de que modo a atribuição de gênero vem sendo transmitida transgeracionalmente.
Famílias Com Filhos Adolescentes e a Escolha Profissional
Authors: Signori Tatieli Peixoto , Pigatto Marisa do Nascimento , Soares Dulce Helena Penna
Published: July 2023

Este artigo apresenta uma revisão crítica e integrativa sobre o papel da família no período da escolha profissinal dos jovens. Focaliza, especificamente, qual  papel que o sistema familiar ocupa no processo da escolha da profissão dos filhos. A presente revisão abrange uma busca bibliográfica nas bases indexadoras de artigos Scielo e BVS, publicados em português entre 2005 e 2015. Os resultados da revisão apontaram que papel da família é fundamental no procedimento de escolha da profissão, bem como suas contribuições no momento. Conclui-se que a presença ativa da família é de grande valia na escolha profissional e a mesma continua sendo a instituição mais importante para o desenvolvimento do ser humano.
Do até que a Morte nos Separe ao Amor Líquido via Tinder
Authors: Engelhard Suely
Published: July 2023

Breve reflexão sobre como o espírito de época interfere e atualiza as relações entre  parceiros que se buscam impulsionados pelas regras, mitos e lemas familiares próprios. Como na relação casal além de se buscar abranger os triângulos interconexos que atuam na escolha "sempre certa" do parceiro, atualizar um olhar abrangente sobre como as modificações sociais, que o espírito de época influencia e faz acontecer, participa dessa escolha e de sua função na família.
A Lean‐Zinc and Zincophilic Anode for Highly Reversible Zinc Metal Batteries
Authors: Li Chao , Shao Qingguo , Luo Kan , Gao Yiqiu , Zhao Wenwen , Cao Ning , Du Shiyu , Jin Xin , Zou Peichao , Zang Xiaobei
Published: July 2023

Lean‐zinc anode is a promising configuration that can eliminate the trade‐off of energy density and cycle lifetime of zinc metal (Zn0) batteries. However, there are rare investigations of lean‐Zn anode designs and it remains a grand change to sustain high zinc reversibility under lean zinc conditions. Herein, a lean‐Zn anode design based on a hierarchical and zincophilic cobalt metal (Co0) nanowire‐decorated carbon host, which is derived from a ZnCo bimetallic organic framework, is reported. Within the lean‐Zn anode, the trace amount of Zn0 acts as a zinc reservoir to make up for any irreversible loss of zinc source upon cycling, while the zincophilic Co0 nanowires can guide uniform zinc nucleation and growth through a lattice matching mechanism. Consequently, high Zn0 reversibility (average Coulomb efficiency of 99.6% for 4250 cycles), low nucleation overpotential (50.8 mV at 1 mA cm−2), and uniform and compact zinc electrodeposition are realized. When coupling the lean‐Zn anode with a Zn‐containing cathode, the full cell delivers high Coulomb efficiency (99.6% for 4250 cycles on average) and a long lifetime of more than 5000 cycles.
A Review of the Chemistry and Biological Activities of Natural Colorants, Dyes, and Pigments: Challenges, and Opportunities for Food, Cosmetics, and Pharmaceutical Application
Authors: Pasdaran Ardalan , Zare Maryam , Hamedi Azar , Hamedi Azadeh
Published: July 2023

Natural pigments are important sources for the screening of bioactive lead compounds. This article reviewed the chemistry and therapeutic potentials of over 570 colored molecules from plants, fungi, bacteria, insects, algae, and marine sources. Moreover, related biological activities, advanced extraction, and identification approaches were reviewed. A variety of biological activities, including cytotoxicity against cancer cells, antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, wound healing, anti‐microbial, antiviral, and anti‐protozoal activities, have been reported for different pigments. Considering their structural backbone, they were classified as naphthoquinones, carotenoids, flavonoids, xanthones, anthocyanins, benzotropolones, alkaloids, terpenoids, isoprenoids, and non‐isoprenoids. Alkaloid pigments were mostly isolated from bacteria and marine sources, while flavonoids were mostly found in plants and mushrooms. Colored quinones and xanthones were mostly extracted from plants and fungi, while colored polyketides and terpenoids are often found in marine sources and fungi. Carotenoids are mostly distributed among bacteria, followed by fungi and plants. The pigments isolated from insects have different structures, but among them, carotenoids and quinone/xanthone are the most important. Considering good manufacturing practices, the current permitted natural colorants are: Carotenoids (canthaxanthin, β‐carotene, β‐apo‐8′‐carotenal, annatto, astaxanthin) and their sources, lycopene, anthocyanins, betanin, chlorophyllins, spirulina extract, carmine and cochineal extract, henna, riboflavin, pyrogallol, logwood extract, guaiazulene, turmeric, and soy leghemoglobin.
Back by popular demand, ontology
Authors: Turska Julia J. , Ludwig David
Published: July 2023

In this paper we analyze relations betweenontologyin anthropology and philosophy beyond simple homonymy or synonymy and show how this diagnosis allows for new interdisciplinary links and insights, while minimizing the risk of cross-disciplinary equivocation. We introduce the ontological turn in anthropology as an intellectual project rooted in the critique of dualism of culture and nature and propose a classification of the literature we reviewed into first-order claims about the world and second-order claims about ontological frameworks. Next, rather than provide a strict definition ofontologyin anthropological literature, we argue that the term is used as a heuristic addressing a web of sub-concepts relating to interpretation, knowledge, and self-determination which correspond to methodological, epistemic, and political considerations central to the development of the ontological turn. We present a case study of rivers as persons to demonstrate what the ontological paradigm in anthropology amounts to in practice. Finally, in an analysis facilitated by a parallel between the first- and second-order claims in anthropology, andontologyand meta-ontologyin philosophy (respectively), we showcase the potential for contribution of ontological anthropology to contemporary philosophical debates, such as ontological gerrymandering, relativism and socialontology, and vice versa.
Freedom of expression meets deepfakes
Authors: Barber Alex
Published: July 2023

Would suppressing deepfakes violate freedom of expression norms? The question is pressing because the deepfake phenomenon in its more poisonous manifestations appears to call for a response, and automated targeting of some kind looks to be the most practically viable. Two simple answers are rejected: that deepfakes do not deserve protection under freedom of expression legislation because they are fake by definition; and that deepfakes can be targeted if but only if they are misleadingly presented as authentic. To make progress, following a discussion of why freedom of expression deserves protection in a democracy, the question is reframed. At issue is not whether the arrival of deepfakes brings new and potentially serious dangers (it does), nor whether these dangers call for measures that potentially limit freedom of expression (they do), but whether the need for such measures raises any new and unfamiliar freedom-of-expression challenges. The answer tothatquestion, surprisingly, is no. The balancing act needed to cope with the arrival of deepfakes brings plenty of difficulties, certainly, but none of the measures likely to be effective in tackling deepfake harms raises freedom-of-expression concerns that aren’t familiar from consideration of non-deepfake harms. In that respect, at least, the arrival of deepfakes makes no difference.
Dietary iron and the risk of lung cancer
Authors: Mohammadzadeh Milad , Bahrami Alireza , Ghafouri-Taleghani Fatemeh , Khalesi Saman , Abdi Fatemeh , Hejazi Ehsan
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Animal models have suggested the carcinogenic effect of iron due to its oxidative potential. The lung is particularly vulnerable to oxidative stress. However, epidemiological studies investigating the association between dietary iron and the risk of lung cancer have reported inconclusive results. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to clarify this association. Methods: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Google scholar for eligible articles published through May 2023 reporting the Relative Risk (RR), Hazard Ratio (HR) or Odds Ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Case-control and cohort studies that examined the relationship between dietary iron and lung cancer risk were included and review and meta-analyses articles, experimental studies, abstracts, letters to editor and studies with insufficient data were excluded. Finally, three case-control studies and 6 cohort studies were included. Random effect models were used to calculate the pooled results. Results: Nine studies (cases n=21,943, participants n=1,542,993) were included. There were no significant associations between the highest dietary total iron (heme and non-heme) (RR: 1.09, 95% CI: 0.78 to 1.51) or heme iron (RR: 1.01, 95% CI: 0.73 to 1.38) intake compared to the lowest intake with lung cancer risk. Null-associations were also observed in the subgroup analysis based on smoking status and lung cancer histology. However, in the subgroup of women (cases n=5074), heme iron was associated with a 14% increase in the risk of lung cancer (RR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.29). Conclusions: The current results demonstrated that there is no significant relationship between dietary iron intake and the risk of lung cancer. However, a positive association was observed between dietary heme iron and the risk of lung cancer in women, which may require further investigation.
Research priorities to enhance life for people with spinal cord injury: a Swedish priority setting partnership
Authors: Melin Jeanette , Axwalter Emelie , Åhrén Gunilla , Sunnerhagen Katharina S. , Lundgren-Nilsson Åsa , Wangdell Johanna
Published: July 2023

Study design

Mixed-method consensus development project.

Objective

To identify the top ten research priorities for spinal cord injury (SCI).

Setting

Nationwide in Sweden in 2021–22.

Methods

The PSP process proposed by the James Lind Alliance was used. It comprises two main phases: question identification and priority selection. People living with SCI, relatives of people with SCI as well as health professionals and personal care assistants working with people with SCI were included.

Results

In the first phase, 242 respondents provided 431 inputs addressing potentially unanswered questions. Of these, 128 were beyond the scope of this study. The remaining 303 were merged to formulate 57 questions. The literature review found one question answered, so 56 questions proceeded to the prioritisation. In the second phase, the interim prioritisation survey, 276 respondents ranked the 56 questions. The top 24 questions then proceeded to the final prioritisation workshop, at which 23 participants agreed on the top ten priorities.

Conclusions

This paper reveals issues that people living with SCI, relatives of people with SCI as well as health professionals and personal care assistants working with people with SCI find difficult to get answered. The top-priority questions for people living with SCI in Sweden concern specialist SCI care and rehabilitation, followed by a number of questions addressing physical health. Other topics, from the 56 key questions include Mental health, Ageing with SCI, Community support and personal care assistance, and Body functions. This result can guide researchers to design appropriate studies relevant to people with SCI.

Sponsorship

The project was funded by the Gothenburg Competence Centre for Spinal Cord Injury and the Swedish Association for Survivors of Accident and Injury (RTP).
Selective heterogeneous capture and release of actinides using carborane-functionalized electrodes
Authors: Mattejat Maxwell , Ménard Gabriel
Published: July 2023

Heterogeneous selective capture and release of actinides using redox-switchable carbon electrodes.
Hybrid polymer dot-magnetic nanoparticle based immunoassay for dual-mode multiplexed detection of two mycotoxins
Authors: Chen Yi-Chen , Syu Yu-Han , Huang Jhen-Yan , Lin Chun-Yi , Chan Yang-Hsiang
Published: July 2023

We designed polymer dot-magnetic nanoparticle nanohybrids for signal enhancement in a test strip platform.
Superspace approach helps: determination of proton dynamics in the phase transition of modulated supramolecular ferroelectrics: 5,5′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine and bromanilic acid
Authors: Noohinejad Leila , van Smaalen Sander , Paulmann Carsten , Tolkiehn Martin
Published: July 2023

For the first time, the superspace approach describes the relation between four ferroelectric-paraelectric phases, by using a unique superspace group and analyzing intermolecular interactions in terms of t-plots. The proton dynamic has a dominant role in phase transitions.
Excitonic ground states in phosphorene nanoflakes
Authors: Zhong Jun , Huang Wenzhuo , Sheng Weidong
Published: July 2023

More than 60 years ago, Mott and Keldysh envisioned the possibility of forming excitons spontaneously in semiconductors. Here, we predict that an excitonic ground state may exist in phosphorene nanoflakes when an in-plain electric field is applied.
Radiation response of Y3Al5O12 and Nd3+–Y3Al5O12 to Swift heavy ions: insight into structural damage and defect dynamics
Authors: Bhandari Koushik , Grover V. , Kalita P. , Sudarshan K. , Modak B. , Sharma Saurabh K. , Kulriya P. K.
Published: July 2023

Radiation response of Y3Al5O12 and Nd3+-doped Y3Al5O12 is reported under 100 MeV ions to mimic fission fragments. Introduction of Nd3+ deteriorates the radiation response as shown by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and thermal spike modelling.
Boosting of the terahertz absorption spectrum based on one-dimensional plastic photonic crystals
Authors: Li Xiangjun , Ding Ding , Yan Dexian , Liu Jianjun , Zhang Le
Published: July 2023

A method to enhance the terahertz absorption spectrum is realized based on the one-dimensional defect plastic photonic crystal structure.
Economic and environmental assessment of asphaltene-derived carbon fiber production
Authors: Bari Md Abdullah Al , Nabil Shariful Kibria , Saad Shabab , Sarkar Rahul , Sabiha Sabrina , Rahman Muhammad M. , Kibria Md Golam
Published: July 2023

The asphaltene-derived carbon fiber production route demonstrates significant potential, emerging as a highly cost-effective alternative with promising climate benefits compared to the incumbent carbon fiber production methods.
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided choledochoduodenostomy using single-step lumen-apposing metal stents for primary drainage of malignant distal biliary obstruction (SCORPION-p): a prospective pilot study
Authors: Voermans Rogier P. , Van Wanrooij Roy L. J. , Fritzsche Jeska A. , Fockens Paul , Besselink Marc G. , Busch Olivier R. , Daams Freek , Montazeri Nahid S. M. , Wilmink Johanna W.
Published: July 2023

Background This study aimed to assess the safety and feasibility of endoscopic ultrasound-guided choledochoduodenostomy (EUS-CDS) using a lumen-apposing metal stent (LAMS) as a primary drainage strategy in patients with distal malignant biliary obstruction (MBO).

Methods A prospective, single-center, pilot study was conducted in patients with pathology-confirmed MBO without gastric outlet obstruction. The primary outcome was technical success. Secondary outcomes included clinical success, adverse events (AEs), and reinterventions. The study was registered in the Netherlands Trial Registry (registry number NL9757).

Results 22 patients were enrolled (median age 69.5 years [interquartile range 64–75.3]). Technical success was achieved in 20/22 patients (91 %). AEs occurred in one patient, namely perforation following inadequate stent deployment (5 %), which was treated in the same procedure. Clinical success was achieved in 19/22 patients (86 %). Stent dysfunction was observed in 11/20 patients (55 %) after technically successful EUS-CDS: two patients were treated conservatively and nine patients underwent reintervention(s). One patient died within ≤ 30 days due to fulminant disease progression.

Conclusions The results confirmed the safety and feasibility of EUS-CDS using LAMS as a primary drainage strategy. The high incidence of stent dysfunction should be improved before EUS-CDS with LAMS can be seen as a valid alternative to endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.
Constructions of b-semitoric systems
Authors: Brugués Joaquim , Hohloch Sonja , Mir Pau , Miranda Eva
Published: July 2023

In this article, we introduce b-semitoric systems as a generalization of semitoric systems, specifically tailored for b-symplectic manifolds. The objective of this article is to furnish a collection of examples and investigate the distinctive characteristics of these systems. A b-semitoric system is a four-dimensional b-integrable system that satisfies certain conditions: one of its momentum map components is proper and generates an effective global S1-action and all singular points are non-degenerate and devoid of hyperbolic components. To illustrate this concept, we provide five examples of b-semitoric systems by modifying the coupled spin oscillator and the coupled angular momenta, and we also classify their singular points. Additionally, we describe the dynamics of these systems through the image of their respective momentum maps.
On the elusive saddle–splay and splay–bend elastic constants of nematic liquid crystals
Authors: Revignas Davide , Ferrarini Alberta
Published: July 2023

The elastic behavior of nematics is commonly described in terms of the three so-called bulk deformation modes, i.e., splay, twist, and bend. However, the elastic free energy contains also other terms, often denoted as saddle–splay and splay–bend, which contribute, for instance, in confined systems. The role of such terms is controversial, partly because of the difficulty of their experimental determination. The saddle–splay (K24) and splay–bend (K13) elastic constants remain elusive also for theories; indeed, even the possibility of obtaining unambiguous microscopic expressions for these quantities has been questioned. Here, within the framework of Onsager theory with Parsons–Lee correction, we obtain microscopic estimates of the deformation free energy density of hard rod nematics in the presence of different director deformations. In the limit of a slowly changing director, these are directly compared with the macroscopic elastic free energy density. Within the same framework, we derive also closed microscopic expressions for all elastic coefficients of rodlike nematics. We find that the saddle–splay constant K24 is larger than both K11 and K22 over a wide range of particle lengths and densities. Moreover, the K13 contribution comes out to be crucial for the consistency of the results obtained from the analysis of the microscopic deformation free energy density calculated for variants of the splay deformation.
Vertical water entry of a hydrophobic sphere into waves: Numerical computations and experiments
Authors: Zhao Changze , Wang Qian , Lu Haocheng , Liu Hua
Published: July 2023

The water entry cavity evolution and its flow structures for a sphere interacting with periodic waves are investigated numerically and experimentally. The large eddy simulation is applied in the simulation to accurately capture the turbulent flow near the surface and within the cavity of the sphere. An overset mesh-based numerical wave tank is developed, integrating an overset mesh with a method for generating regular waves, to ensure high resolution simulation of velocity fields around the water entry cavity in waves. To validate the numerical model, a physical experiment system is developed, featuring a free-falling setup and an asynchronous pulse trigger system. This experimental setup allows for precise control of the vertical water entry of a sphere at a predetermined phase of a periodic wave. The computed cavity shape and the sphere motion are in good agreement with the experimental results. Notably, the hydrodynamic forces exerted on the sphere exhibit two distinct peaks at the moment of impact and the pinch-off of the cavity, respectively. The gas-phase force acting on the dry surface of the sphere, as the cavity forms and evolves, experiences significant fluctuations along the direction of the sphere's descent. These fluctuations are caused by the accelerating gas flow prior to the pinch-off of the cavity. The changes of the hydrodynamic forces on the sphere for the cases of different water entry phase locations of waves and Froude numbers are discussed.
Route to Stabilize Cubic Gauche Polynitrogen to Ambient Conditions via Surface Saturation by Hydrogen
Authors: Chen Guo , Niu Caoping , Xia Wenming , Zhang Jie , Zeng Zhi , Wang Xianlong
Published: July 2023

Cubic gauche polynitrogen (cg-N) is an attractive high-energy density material. However, high-pressure synthesized cg-N will decompose at low pressure and cannot exist under ambient conditions. Here, the stabilities of cg-N surfaces with and without saturations at different pressures and temperatures are systematically investigated based on first-principles calculations and molecular dynamics simulations. Pristine surfaces at 0 GPa are very brittle and will decompose at 300 K, especially (110) surface will collapse completely just after structural relaxation, whereas the decompositions of surfaces can be suppressed by applying pressure, indicating that surface instability causes the cg-N decomposition at low pressure. Due to the saturation of dangling bonds and transferring electrons to the surfaces, saturation with H can stabilize surfaces under ambient conditions, while it is impossible for OH saturation to occur solely from obtaining electrons from surfaces. This suggests that polynitrogen is more stable in an acidic environment or when the surface is saturated with less electronegative adsorbates.
Coexistence of Unidirectional Charge Density Waves in LaTe3
Authors: Xian Guo-Yu , Jiang Pei-Jie , Li Yu-Hui , Shi Xing-Wei , Han Guang-Yuan , Yang Hai-Tao , Zhang Yu-Yang , Lin Xiao , Gao Hong-Jun
Published: July 2023

The classic rare-earth tritelluride provides an ideal platform to study the strong correlation state owing to its stable structures and abundance of orders. Here we report the observation of an undiscovered charge density wave (CDW) in LaTe3 under 4.2 K, the transition temperature of the CDW states is fitted to be 35 K, and confirmed by the evanishment of this CDW at 77 K via using temperature-dependent scanning tunneling microscope/spectroscopy. The coexistence of these CDWs is confirmed by the atomic resolution and beating pattern simulation. It is the first time to observe the coexistence of unidirectional charge density waves system, providing a new platform to understand the competition and evolution between strong correlation states, and get a deeper sight into the phase lag between different order parameters.
Round and round in circles—shifting relevance structures as students discuss acceleration and forces during circular motion in a vertical plane
Authors: Pendrill Ann-Marie , Eriksson Moa , Eriksson Urban , Linder Cedric
Published: July 2023

Working out the relations between the forces involved in circular motion in a vertical plane can be challenging for first-year students, as illustrated in this analysis of a 30 min group discussion of a textbook problem where a remote-control model car moves with constant speed inside a cylinder. The analysis includes timelines of semiotic resources used, as well as of topics brought up by individual students. Questions from the students include: what is that force you drew on the paper? Does it act on the car or on the wall? What keeps the car from falling down? The normal force and the ‘centripetal force’ both point to the center—does it mean they are the same? Is it only a gravitational force at the top? Does the normal force at the bottom just cancel gravity or does it need to be larger? What is ‘normal’ about the normal force? Arriving at the correct numerical result is insufficient evidence for student understanding of forces in circular motion! Can students with fragmentary understanding bring their pieces together to solve the puzzle? From the timelines, we can identify a few critical moments where the discussion changes focus. This happens when one of the students in the group introduces a new dimension of variation, e.g. a reminder about the force of gravity, a free-body diagram drawn, as well as diagrams drawn in other parts of the circle than the top or bottom, where the centripetal and normal forces are no longer in the same direction. Embodied experiences are invoked, but only at a very late stage in the discussion. For teachers, an awareness of the different ways students use terms and think about the forces can be a guide to offering a larger variation in the interventions, as well as in problems assigned.