bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Time-dependent deflection of conventional, self-compacting and lightweight concrete slabs
Authors: Vakhshouri Behnam
Published: August 2017

Design codes usually define time-dependent deflection as a multiple of instantaneous deflection. Therefore, the ratio of long-term to instantaneous deflection is crucial in the design of concrete structures. The experimental results of three series of experiments on long-term deflection of conventional, lightweight and self-compacting concrete slabs under sustained loads are compared and discussed in this study. The slabs were subjected to loading at age 14 d after casting. The flexural deflection caused by two distinct levels of applied load, and the effects of the drying shrinkage and creep were monitored for 225 d for three pairs of simply supported one-way slabs. Comparative analysis of the mechanical properties of concrete types at 14 and 28 d is conducted and the creep coefficient and drying shrinkage strain in the mixtures are determined. Furthermore, individual effects of these parameters on the ratio of long-term to instantaneous deflection are discussed. The results obtained confirm that, in the existing time-dependent deflection models, the effects of loading age, load value and the environmental conditions should be included. In addition, the experimental ratio of the long-term to instantaneous deflection in slabs is far from the predictions of ACI 318-14, AS 3600-09, EN 1992.1.1 and CSA-A23-04 codes.
Urban green spaces as participatory learning laboratories
Authors: Derr Victoria
Published: August 2017

Built environment education can deepen young people's understanding of everyday environments. It allows them to pursue their interests, to explore the environment, and to practice skills and group action. Participatory practices, when integrated into built environment education, address young people's rights to influence decisions that affect them and provide young people with opportunities to develop action competence, which can influence long-term environmental action. Green spaces within cities provide rich learning laboratories as sites that support opportunities for young people to explore, play and learn about nature within the city. Case studies from Growing Up Boulder illustrate how green spaces can be used as sites for participatory built environment education in which students consider nature, social and cultural environments as part of their urban experience. While many models for environmental education exist, built environment education holds promise as an integrative context for participatory learning in the city.
Comparing the efficacy of Budesonide and Montelukast in children with asthma: a prospective interventional open label controlled clinical study
Authors: Jangam Sachin S. , Mauskar Anupama
Published: August 2017

Background: Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease and is more prevalent in children. Inhaled corticosteroids (Budesonide) and leukotriene receptor antagonist (Montelukast) are the drugs of choice for asthma in children. The present study was aimed to compare the efficacy of these drugs in childhood asthma at tertiary care center.Methods: This is a prospective interventional open label controlled clinical study carried out from January 2012 to December 2014. Children recently diagnosed with mild persistent asthma that attended Asthma clinic or admitted in ward of department of paediatrics LTMMC and Hospital, Sion, Mumbai was participated in the study. A total of 70 patients were selected for the study and are categorized into two groups consisting of 35 in each group. Group A patients were given metered dose inhaler (MDI) Budesonide 200 mcg 1 puff twice a day (with MDI spacer and mask for children <5 years and without mask for children >5 years. Group B patients were given Montelukast 4 mg (<5 years) and 5 mg (>5 years) tablet as once a daily in the evening for 1 year. Primary and secondary outcome measures were calculated and analysed.Results: No significant difference on the basis of age and gender was observed among both groups. The complaints of cough, wheeze and breathlessness, lesser emergency department visits, nebulization and lesser number of systemic steroids (days/year) was significantly lesser in patients of group A (p<0.05) compared to group B. Group A subjects had lesser number of acute exacerbations, required lesser number of systemic steroids courses and the frequency of hospitalization. Statistically significant (p<0.05) difference was observed in episode free days in a year among both groups.Conclusions: The findings of the study prove that Budesonide had better efficacy over Montelukast in control of asthma.
Injury and violence related behaviour among school-going adolescents in Jammu region
Authors: Kumar Vijay , Dewan Deepika , Kumar Dinesh
Published: August 2017

Background: Adolescence is a transition period of rapid growth and development which makes this age group more vulnerable. These vulnerabilities manifest in risk behaviours that predispose them to injuries, violence, suicidal tendencies and sexual abuse in adolescence and in later stages of life. The objective of present study was to assess the health risk behaviour of rural and urban male adolescents concerning injuries, violence and sexuality. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted among 848 school going adolescents (15-19 years) over a period of one year (2014-2015). Schools were randomly selected using multistage simple random sampling. The youth risk behaviour survey (YRBS) questionnaire was used for data collection. Behaviours regarding driving, carrying weapons, violence, suicidal thoughts and sexual activities were explored. Descriptive statistics was used in form of percentages and proportions. Chi square test was used as a test of significance. Results: Less than half of adolescents surveyed used helmet and seatbelt while 22%reported using mobile phone while driving. Out of total adolescents, 13.7% carried weapons to school while 23.8% damaged or stole other students' property. Adolescents in the urban area were more often threatened or injured with a weapon by someone on school premises as compared to rural counterparts. Nearly half of (47%) urban and 33% of rural ever felt so sad leading to stoppage of usual activities. Only 10.7% adolescents reported having first sexual intercourse out of which nearly one third (38.4%) had not used any method to prevent pregnancy. Conclusions: Adolescents frequently reported high risk behaviour regardless of place of residence and type of school.
Vaccine Innovation Conference 2017
Authors: Committee Vaccine Industry
Published: August 2017

Proceedings from the Vaccine Innovation Conference 2017, held May 10, 2017, at Hyatt Regency Hotel, Montréal, QC, Canada, Presented by: Vaccine Industry Committee
Results of the Endoscopic Stenting in Palliative Treatment of Cardioesophageal Cancer
Authors: Strusskiy Leonard Petrovich , Nizamxodjayev Zayniddin Maxamatovich , Ligay Ruslan Yefimovich , Khusanov Anvar Mirzakbarovich , Omonov Rasuljon Raxmonovich , Tsoy Aleksey Olegovich , Adjimuratov M. T.
Published: August 2017

he article describes experience of treating 232 patients with unresectable cardioesophageal cancer. Of these, minimally invasive endoscopic procedures: endoscopic diatermotunnelization, endoscopic bougienage and endoscopic stenting was performed in 101 patients. Currently, the method of endoscopic stenting is preferred, which was performed in 84 patients, own-developed model of a silicone tube stent was used in all patients. Main early and late complications of using this method were described.Key words: Тumours of the proximal part of the stomach, of surgical treatment, un-resectability, of minimally invasive technologies, diathermotunnelization, endoscopic bougienage and endoscopic stenting
Relapse Bullous Emphysema Complicated by Spontaneous Pneumothorax, after Radical Bullectomy
Authors: Temirbulatov Vladimir Ibrahimovic , Ivanov Ilya Sergeevich , Okunev Oleg Anatolievich , Kletkin Maksim Evgenievich , Sarychev Aleksey Vladimirovich
Published: August 2017

Actuality The social significance of spontaneous pneumothorax due to the fact that in recent years a growing number of patients with pulmonary bullous emphysema and, accordingly, with spontaneous pneumothorax, as well as the fact that the structure is dominated by patients of working age persons. To date, some difficulties persist in choosing the adequate diagnostic and treatment tactics in this disease.

Objective In a clinical example to show the importance of an integrated approach to of surgical treatment for spontaneous pneumothorax, caused bullous emphysema.

Materials and methods A clinical case of recurrent bullous emphysema complicated by recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax in a patient 32 years old, six years earlier underwent radical surgery - bullectomy on the first episode of spontaneous pneumothorax.
Experimental Method of Fixing Testicle
Authors: Komarova Svetlana Yur’evna , Valamina Irina Evgen’evna , Isaikin Anatoliy Ivanovich
Published: August 2017

In the following experiment proved the possibility of the use of medical adhesive "Sulfacrylate" for efficient seamless testicular fixation to the tissues of the scrotum. Rabbits were di vided into 2 groups. 3 rabbits (6 testicles) were the control group. The adhesive was spread on the whole surface of the rabbits' testis in this group Experimental group consisted of 13 rabbits (26 testes), in which the adhesive is applied in dot and control conducted in 15, 30, 90 and 180 days. Macroscopic and microscopic picture of the local area of the testis' adhesive fixing is characterized by a strong fixation of the scrotum and the absence of adhesions in the surrounding tissues. By 30 days fixation spot is presented with granulation tissue with organization signs, and by 90 and 180 days compounds zone has the form of a mature connective tissue with clearly limited size and without any adhesions in the surrounding tissues.

Key words: testicles, fixation method, experiment
Los pueblos originarios y la práctica del derecho internacional en Chile: nuevos horizontes ante el debilitamiento de los legados del autoritarismo
Authors: Álvez Marín Amaya , Becker Lorca Arnulf
Published: August 2017

A partir de los años 1990 el derecho internacional ha comenzado a reconocer las demandas de los pueblos originarios. Desde entonces, los pueblos originarios han adquirido progresivamente el carácter de sujeto de derecho internacional. Para Chile este cambio debería haber sido significativo. Los años noventa no solo marcaron el fin de la Guerra Fría y la consiguiente renovada relevancia del derecho internacional; también fueron los años en que Chile recuperó su democracia. Mientras el país, siguiendo los avances del derecho internacional, comenzó a confrontar las violaciones a los derechos humanos cometidas durante la dictadura, el pasado colonial y las demandas de pueblos originarios siguen siendo ignorados. Argumentamos que los legados del autoritarismo en la disciplina del derecho internacional en Chile explican en parte la incapacidad de responder a las demandas de los pueblos originarios. Concluimos explorando la posibilidad de una renovación disciplinar en Chile a la luz del quiebre actual de los consensos que marcaron la transición. Aún es muy temprano para predecir si estos cambios traerán consigo una práctica del derecho internacional en Chile más receptiva a las demandas de los pueblos originarios.
La importancia de decolonizar la enseñanza del derecho internacional de los derechos humanos: el caso de la consulta previa en Colombia
Authors: Sierra-Camargo Jimena
Published: August 2017

La consulta previa ha sido reconocida como uno de los instrumentos más emacipatorios en el marco del derecho internacional de los derechos humanos, con el que cuentan los pueblos indígenas y las comunidades étnicas para defender sus territorios en la actualidad. Sin embargo, la consulta previa también ha tenido en algunos casos un uso ambivalente por diversos actores que han acudido a este instrumento para fines diferentes a los contemplados en el Convenio 169 de la oit, uso que, lejos de proteger los derechos de los pueblos y comunidades, ha redundado en su afectación y en el detrimento de estos grupos. El propósito principal de este artículo es cuestionar el uso ambivalente de la consulta previa en Colombia desde la perspectiva del pensamiento decolonial, partiendo de la noción de la ‘colonialidad’. Específicamente se argumenta que el problema de las restricciones y limitaciones de la consulta que se explican en este artículo obedece a los sesgos coloniales que arrastra la consulta y que a su vez se encuentran imbuidos en la lógica liberal a la que responde dicha institución.
MANAJEMEN PENGELOLAAN LAHAN KRITIS PADA DAS BRANTAS HULU BERBASIS MASYARAKAT (Pilot Project Desa Bulukerto, Kota Batu)
Authors: Elok Mutiara Sri Harini, Suyono,
Published: August 2017

Management of critical farm base on society represents a new approach to all researcher of environment this time. In management of farm base on this society, society invited directly start from planning, formulation of policy, its benefit collection and execution. With this direct participation enable society can calculate directly impact economical and environment (natural resources conservation), because this two aspect represent two inseparable aspect in doing study management of SDA, because having very important role in supporting efficacy of program of Participatory Action Research (PAR). Pursuant to result of discussion and dig of information of society hence a success main problem identified with society member pursuant to antecedent study (research preliminary) which have been conducted by researcher related to program management of critical farm base on society taken as focus in enable ness is critical condition survey of forest farm, socialization of UU No. 32 year 2009 about management and protection of environment, socialization and training of system of terasiring pattern and plant real correct at farm with high inclination (> 450) having economic value and with vision of environment. Marginally cycle of PAR conducted at this enable ness program is to use technical method, mapping, transect, diagram of Venn, change schema and of livelihood analysis. By using this approach is expected by society have awareness in managing and exploiting environment real correctly. Besides society can direct control to all impact and policy of the policy because related to source of their residence environment and living.

Keywords : Erosion, Critical Farm, Research Preliminary, Participatory Action Research, Mapping, Transect, Diagram of Venn, Change Schema, Analysis livelihood
OPTIMASI PARAMETER ANALITIK BIOSENSOR UREA BERBASIS IMMOBILISASI UREASE DALAM MEMBRAN POLIANILIN
Authors: Fauziyah Begum
Published: August 2017

Biosensor Urea is made from the way immobilization enzyme urase inside of membrane polianilin with adsorption technique. Analytical parameter optimation from biosensor has done. The biggest difference between analit solution and blanko solution get in pH 7, long wave 580 nm and urease/PAn membrane having big difference intensity in optimum pH (pH 7) is urease/PAn membrane with urease variance 1 mg/mL. The result of characterization urease/PAn membrane as biosensor are concentration connection to absorban urease/PAn having correlation coefficient 0.9863; sensitivity 0.0445; detection limitation 0.6 ppm; variation coefficient (Kv) less than 5% with response around 20 minute. Urease/PAn membrane has stability till 7 days with 6 days of daily measuring repetitions.

Key Words : polianilin, urease, urea, biosensor
EFEKTIFITAS KOMPRES DINGIN DAN HANGAT PADA PENATALEKSANAAN DEMAM
Authors: Susanti Nurlaili
Published: August 2017

Fever is a symptom that accompanies some infectious and non infectious diseases. Fever cause metabolic consequences such as dehydration, increasing oxygen consumption and metabolic rate. Treatment of fever can reduce patient discomfort and another symptoms such as fatigue, myalgia, diaphoresis and chills.In addition to antipyretic, the use of physical methods to reduce fever has been widely applied. Physical methods of cooling are the treatment of choice for hyperthermia, but their value in the treatment of fever remains uncertain. Fever treated with tepid-water sponging and combined with antipyretic drugs are more effectively than those treated with antipyretic drugs alone. Tepid-water sponging represents a simple, nonsedating method to combat the metabolic impact of shivering and to induce cutaneous vasodilatation that increases heat loss.
HIDROLISIS GUGUS METOKSIL PEKTIN AMPAS TEBU UNTUK MENGHASILKAN BIOMETANOL
Authors: Jannah Akyunul , Suryadinata Arief
Published: August 2017

Methanol is a potential in two areas, namely as fuel cells and biodiesel. Among the many biomass, pectin is one of the best for the production of methanol. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of pectin methyl esterase enzyme  concentration  (PME)  group  metoksil  rough  on  pectin  hydrolysis  of bagasse to produce the highest levels of biometanol.

Methods This study includes the preparation of the bagasse, further hydrolysis using crude extract of the enzyme pectin methyl esterase (PMEs) resulting from bacterial culture Bacillus subtilis at Borth Nutrient media (NB) with 1% pectin. Hydrolysis of Metoksil groups of poligalakturonat acid in the pectin bagasse to obtain the concentration of methanol to vary the enzyme crude extract PMEs. Concentration of crude enzyme extract PMEs used was 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% in 24-hour incubation with 2 repetitions performed. The resulting methanol levels were analyzed using GC (Gas Chromatography).
 The results of this study concluded that allowing the concentration used for hydrolysis of bagasse to produce methanol using crude enzyme from  Bacillus subtilis (PMEs) is 10% with a methanol content of 0.02%.
ANALISIS PERMUKAAN ZEOLIT ALAM MALANG YANG MENGALAMI MODIFIKASI PORI DENGAN UJI SEM-EDS
Authors: Prasetyo Anton , Nafsiati Rini , Kholifah Susi Nurul , Botianovi Agie
Published: August 2017

Nature zeolit is pore material much benefitted in industry sector as adsorben, katalis and many other else. The existence of this material in Indonesia is very exuberate, one of them is Malang. The efforts to improve zeolit quality have already much done by many researchers. In this research, there has been done characterization and zeolit modification in Malang land become mesopori material by using surfaktan CTAB as template. To characterize pore can be done by SEM test and to know the element content can be done by EDS test. From this, we know that from SEM test got result that mophologi structure of zeolit grain generally contains lempengs arranged insmoothly and tend to be amorf shape. SEM test is incapable to identify pore of zeolit such as   preparasi, kalsinasi or modified zeolit in order unidentified took pore changing. The result of EDS test occur that the changing of element content of nature zeolit composer in dealuminasi process. So there is changing of ratio Si/Al in nature zeolit where it is

3.002   and   after   dealuminasi   1.8994.   Whereas   the   element   content   after modification is similar with element content in zeolit having dealuminasi.
Language Barrier as a Risk Factor for Injuries From Patient Violence Among Direct Care Workers in Home Settings: Findings From a U.S. National Sample
Authors: Byon Ha Do , Zhu Shijun , Unick George J. , Storr Carla L. , Lipscomb Jane
Published: August 2017

This study explored potential risk factors for injuries from patient violence among direct care workers in U.S. homes (DCWHs). A national probability sample of 3,377 DCWHs including home health and personal care aides was analyzed using complex sample analysis and generalized estimating equation. Injury from violence was defined as a work-related injury sustained by aggression, violence, or abuse that was reported to the agency, required medical attention or resulted in absenteeism from work. An association between suffering an injury from patient violence and having a language barrier with patients was noted (OR = 4.44; 95% CI = 1.57, 12.56; p = .005). Findings illuminate the importance of homecare providers to match language between DCWHs and patients to reduce patient violence and improve quality of care in the home setting.
Unique Associations Among Emotion Dysregulation Dimensions and Aggressive Tendencies: A Multisite Study
Authors: Velotti Patrizia , Casselman Robert B. , Garofalo Carlo , McKenzie Melissa D.
Published: August 2017

Although problems with emotion regulation (ER) have long been associated with internalizing symptoms, only recently has an ER framework been applied to the study of aggression. Therefore, little is known about the unique and independent associations between specific domains of the ER construct and different kinds of aggressive tendencies. We sought to explore these associations in two independent samples of young adults. Furthermore, we tested whether gender moderated the proposed emotion dysregulation–aggression link. Our results corroborated the association between emotion dysregulation and aggression in both samples. Specifically, the inability to control impulsive behavior when upset (i.e., negative urgency) was uniquely related to physical aggression, verbal aggression, anger, and hostility. Limited access to ER strategies was also significantly associated with overall aggression and hostility. The effect of negative urgency on physical and verbal aggression was stronger among males than females, although only in one sample.
A Mixed Method Study of Intimate Partner Violence: How Sex and Severity Impact Perpetrator Prior Involvement, Abnormality, and Responsibility
Authors: Savage Matthew W. , Scarduzio Jennifer A. , Harris Kate Lockwood , Carlyle Kellie E.
Published: August 2017

This study employed a mixed method approach to examine the effects of participant sex, perpetrator sex, and severity of violence on perceptions of intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetrators. Quantitative participants (n= 449) completed a survey and qualitative participants (n= 31) participated in a focus group or an interview. Participants believed that it was more likely male perpetrators had prior involvement in IPV. Participants rated stories of female perpetrators as more abnormal than stories of male perpetrators. Participants in the weak severity of violence condition had lower evaluations of responsibility than the strong or fatal severity of violence conditions and only women were discerning about perpetrator sex in their ratings of responsibility. Theoretical implications extend intimate terrorism and defensive attribution theory.
Las privatizaciones y la eficiencia a largo plazo
Authors: Balasko Yves
Published: August 2017

El teorema de la envolvente de Viner-Wong afirma que los costos marginales son iguales, a largo y corto plazos, a la capacidad óptima. Este teorema implica que la combinación de la capacidad óptima a largo plazo con el comportamiento competitivo a corto plazo genera eficiencia a largo plazo. Esta propiedad se encuentra detrás de muchos proyectos de privatización de los pasados dos decenios. Exploramos aquí la solidez de esta propiedad de eficiencia a largo plazo extendiendo el contexto de equilibrio parcial de Viner-Wong a un contexto de equilibrio general simple. Demostramos entonces que la eficiencia a largo plazo no es cierta porque el modelo de corto plazo podría contener varios equilibrios de corto plazo que son ineficientes a largo plazo, excepto uno de ellos. Por tanto, es necesario complementar la capacidad óptima y el comportamiento competitivo a corto plazo por un tope para la tasa de remuneración del insumo de capital de la empresa, de modo que no exceda significativamente la remuneración de activos de riesgo comparable.
La nueva agricultura
Authors: Gordillo Gustavo , Jiménez Francisco
Published: August 2017

El concepto de seguridad alimentaria ha ido evolucionando y precisándose a la vez. Desde la preocupación por los suministros nacionales o mundiales la atención ahora se centra en el acceso a los alimentos. En este artículo se analiza como un problema combinado entre oferta y demanda, ya sea desde el punto de vista de la calidad de la producción como también respecto a la demanda efectiva de alimentos. El hambre y la inseguridad alimentaria son tanto el resultado como la causa de la pobreza, y por tanto eliminar el hambre no es sólo un imperativo moral y social sino también una buena inversión para el crecimiento económico, en particular para los países más pobres. Se analiza el efecto de la liberación comercial y la aportación de la biotecnología agropecuaria a la seguridad alimentaria de los países, sobre todo de los menos desarrollados. Finalmente se plantea una propuesta de programa mínimo que tiene por objetivo mejorar la competitividad de los agricultores familiares, y combinar de manera efectiva intervenciones públicas encaminadas a mejorar el funcionamiento de los mercados rurales para enfrentar las nuevas tendencias que se avecinan.
Análisis económico de la conducta de los votantes
Authors: Martinelli César
Published: August 2017

En este artículo hago revista de la bibliografía acerca de la microeconomía política en la participación electoral, el voto estratégico y la información de los votantes, con hincapié en avances recientes. Analizo brevemente además algunas consecuencias de esta bibliografía para la consolidación democrática en la América Latina.
Playing Chemical Plant Environmental Protection Games with Historical Monitoring Data
Authors: Zhu Zhengqiu , Chen Bin , Reniers Genserik , Zhang Laobing , Qiu Sihang , Qiu Xiaogang
Published: August 2017

The chemical industry is an integral part of the world economy and a substantial income source for developing countries. However, existing regulations or the enforcement of these regulations, on controlling atmospheric pollutants sometimes may be insufficient, leading to the deterioration of surrounding ecosystems and to a quality decrease of the atmospheric environment. Previous works in this domain fail to generate executable solutions for inspection agencies due to practical challenges. In addressing these challenges, we introduce a so-called Chemical Plant Environment Protection Game (CPEP) to generate reasonable schedules of high-accuracy air quality monitoring stations for inspection agencies. First, Stackelberg Security Games (SSGs) are incorporated together with source estimation methods into this research. Second, high-accuracy air quality monitoring stations as well as gas sensors are modeled into the CPEP. Third, simplified data analysis on the regularly discharging of chemical plants is utilized to construct the CPEP. Finally, an illustrative case study is used to investigate the effectiveness of the CPEP Game, and a realistic case study is conducted to illustrate how the models and algorithms being proposed in this paper, work. Results show that playing a CPEP Game can reduce operational costs of high-accuracy air quality monitoring stations; moreover, playing the game leads to more compliance from the chemical plants towards the inspection agencies.
Ten-Year Multicenter Clinical and MRI Evaluation of Isolated Supraspinatus Repairs
Authors: Collin Philippe , Kempf Jean-François , Molé Daniel , Meyer Nicolas , Agout Charles , Saffarini Mo , Godenèche Arnaud ,   the Société Française de Chirurgie Orthopédique et Traumatologique (SoFCOT)
Published: August 2017

Background:

Early repair of isolated supraspinatus tears could prevent further deterioration of the rotator cuff; however, there is no consensus on the management of such tears because of a lack of long-term outcome studies. The purposes of this study were to report the 10-year outcomes of isolated supraspinatus repairs and to investigate the factors that favor healing and recovery.

Methods:

We retrieved the records of all 511 patients who, in 2003, underwent repair of full-thickness isolated supraspinatus tears, performed by 15 surgeons at 15 centers. In 2014, the patients were asked to return for evaluation at a minimum follow-up of 10 years. One hundred and eighty-eight patients could not be reached, and 35 were excluded because they had a reoperation (17 had a retear, 7 had conversion to an arthroplasty, and 11 had other causes). A total of 288 patients (50% were men) who had a mean age (and standard deviation) at index surgery of 56.5 ± 8.3 years (range, 32 to 77 years) were evaluated clinically, and 210 of them were also evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Results:

Thirty shoulders (10.4%) had complications, including stiffness (20 shoulders), infection (1 shoulder), and other complications (9 shoulders). The total Constant score improved from a mean of 51.8 ± 13.6 points (range, 19 to 87 points) preoperatively to 77.7 ± 12.1 points (range, 37 to 100 points) at 10 years. At the 10-year follow-up evaluation, the mean Subjective Shoulder Value (SSV) was 84.9 ± 14.8 (range, 20 to 100), and the mean Simple Shoulder Test (SST) was 10.1 ± 2.2 (range, 3 to 12). Of the 210 shoulders evaluated using MRI, the repair integrity was Sugaya type I in 26 shoulders (12%), type II in 85 (41%), type III in 59 (28%), type IV in 27 (13%), and type V in 13 (6%). The total Constant score at the final follow-up was significantly associated with tendon healing (p < 0.005) and was inversely associated with preoperative fatty infiltration (p < 0.001). Neither the surgical approach nor the preoperative retraction influenced the outcomes.

Conclusions:

Repairs of isolated supraspinatus tears maintained considerable improvement in clinical and radiographic outcomes at 10 years. Preoperative fatty infiltration and postoperative retear have a significantly detrimental effect on the long-term functional outcome of rotator cuff repair.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
The Relationship Between OREF Grants and Future NIH Funding Success
Authors: Hegde Vishal , Johansen Daniel , Park Howard Y. , Zoller Stephen D. , Hamad Christopher , Bernthal Nicholas M.
Published: August 2017

Background:

The Orthopaedic Research and Education Foundation (OREF) is the leading specialty-specific nongovernmental organization providing orthopaedic funding in the United States. As extramural research funding has become increasingly difficult to acquire, one mission of the OREF is to support investigators to generate data needed to secure larger extramural funding from agencies such as the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The objectives of this study were to evaluate the rate of translating OREF faculty-level grants into subsequent NIH funding and to determine if there are identifiable factors that increase the rate of converting an OREF grant into NIH funding.

Methods:

This is a retrospective review of OREF grants awarded to full-time faculty orthopaedic surgeons between 1994 and 2014. Grants were analyzed on the basis of award type and were categorized as basic science, clinical, or epidemiological. Sex, individual scholarly productivity, and publication experience were evaluated. All awardees were assessed for subsequent NIH funding using the NIH RePORTER web site.

Results:

One hundred and twenty-six faculty-level OREF grants were awarded to 121 individuals. Twenty-seven OREF grant awardees (22%) received NIH funding at a mean of 6.3 years after OREF funding. Nineteen (46%) of 41 Career Development Grant winners later received NIH funding compared with 10 (12%) of 85 other award winners. OREF grants for basic science projects were awarded more often (58%) and were more than 4 times as likely to result in NIH funding than non-basic science projects (odds ratio, 4.70 [95% confidence interval, 1.66 to 13.33]; p = 0.0036). Faculty who later received NIH funding had higher scholarly productivity and publication experience (p < 0.05).

Conclusions:

The OREF grant awardee conversion rate of 22% and, particularly, the 46% for Career Development Grant winners compares favorably with the overall NIH funding success rate (18% in 2014). Faculty-level OREF grants appear to achieve their purpose of identifying and supporting researchers who aim to secure subsequent federal funding.

Clinical Relevance:

The goal of this study is to examine how successful faculty who have obtained OREF grants have been in securing NIH funding later in their careers. Although subsequent accrual of NIH funding is not the only goal of OREF funding, it can be used as an important benchmark to assess the development of orthopaedic clinician-scientists.
Expanding the Differential: Psoas Abscess
Authors: Bolander Sarah L. , Hoover Eve B.
Published: August 2017

➢ Psoas abscess is a rare condition with variable presentations that may mimic many other medical diagnoses.

➢ A wide variety of underlying medical conditions are associated with an increased risk of the development of a psoas abscess.

➢ Mortality rates can be as high as 100% if psoas abscess is undiagnosed and untreated.

➢ The classic triad of pain (hip, abdominal, or back), fever, and limp should prompt the clinician to consider psoas abscess in the differential diagnosis.

➢ Timely evaluation, including laboratory and imaging studies, may substantially increase the ability of patients with psoas abscess to survive.
Study of Oil Country Tubular Goods Casing and Liner Wear Mechanism on Corrosion-Resistant Alloys
Authors: Matsumoto K.. , Sagara M.. , Miyajima M.. , Kitamura K.. , Amaya H..
Published: August 2017

Oil country tubular goods (OCTG) casing and liner wear is a critical problem in today's drilling environments. To put in place practical countermeasures, it is important to understand its mechanism. This paper presents tribological and electrochemical experiments by use of various OCTG casing materials and environmental liquids, along with the in-situ observation and analysis of the rubbing interface. The results revealed that corrosion-resistant alloys (CRAs) showed an adhesive wear mechanism with relatively high wear rates, whereas low-alloy steels showed an abrasive or a corrosive wear mechanism with mild wear rates. The wear rate had a clear correlation with corrosiveness, where the wear rate increased as corrosion current densities decreased. In-situ observation exhibited that corrosion products γ-FeOOH or Fe3O4 were generated and simultaneously scraped by sliding in the case of carbon steel, whereas no corrosion products were generated in the case of corrosion-resistant alloys. In conclusion, CRAs tend to have metal-to-metal adhesion (scuffing) with iron-based tool material, resulting in a high wear rate. However, low-alloy-steel casing can avoid adhesion by oxidizing its surface, resulting in a mild wear rate.
A alfabetização sem confins
Authors: Lacerda Mitsi Pinheiro de
Published: August 2017

O artigo indaga sobre algumas condições que configuram a recorrência de uma antiga pergunta nas pautas da educação: “a criança deve ser alfabetizada na educação infantil?”. A pergunta é atribuída à figura de um suposto “perguntador” que sustentaria as seguintes crenças: (i) a alfabetização dispõe de início, meio e fim; (ii) a alfabetização é uma prática sistematizada que cumpre currículos prescritos, é direcionada por métodos e aprimorada por exames e (iii) o alfabetizar difere do brincar. As conversações que tratam da existência desta pergunta são conduzidas em diálogo com diversos autores e com breve observação realizada na educação infantil. O artigo está dividido em três partes e, a princípio, há o convite por observar com estranhamento a pergunta, de forma a desvelar algumas concepções que a influenciam. A seguir, é inserido um relato de forma a buscar pistas de práticas alfabetizadoras. Por fim, as conclusões refutam a concepção mecanicista de alfabetização.
Legislação Afro-Brasileira e o lugar que as religiões de matriz africana ocupam no ensino de História da África em escolas de Pernambuco
Authors: Oliveira Aurenéa Maria de , Reis Maria da Conceição dos , Menezes Vilde Gomes de , Ferreira Cristiano Cavalcante
Published: August 2017

Este artigo discute como no país a legislação tem contemplado a população afro-brasileira. Realiza-se esse debate centralizando-o na lei Nº 10.639/2003 e nos resultados de pesquisa PIBIC financiada pela FACEPE/CNPq, que teve como fim analisar o trabalho com o ensino de História da África em escolas estaduais e municipais da cidade de Recife e Olinda em Pernambuco, levando em consideração nesse processo, o lugar do negro e de suas religiões no currículo. As conclusões apontam para certa visibilidade cultural desses povos, mas, com invisibilidade de suas tradições religiosas.
Iniciação científica: possibilidades e limites à instauração de um círculo virtuoso
Authors: Oliveira Adriano De , Bianchetti Lucídio
Published: August 2017

Neste artigo, de caráter teórico-empírico, resultante de uma pesquisa de doutorado, refletimos sobre aspectos relacionados à extensão da Iniciação Científica (IC) à Educação Básica (EB), com a implementação da Iniciação Científica Júnior (ICJ), a partir do ano de 2003. Com características que se aproximam e outras se distanciam da consolidada IC na Graduação, a ICJ conta com poucos dados e pesquisas. Constatamos que se objetiva, por meio da política de IC e ICJ, aproximar a Pós-graduação, a Graduação e a EB, processo que tem possibilitando que muitos bolsistas incorporem certos habitus específicos do campo acadêmico. Em termos antropológicos e educacionais, este processo pode ser caracterizado como um “ritual de iniciação ou passagem”, aqui entendido como rito de formação.
Influencia de la rigidez de la subrasante y las capas granulares sobre la vida a fatiga de mezclas asfálticas
Authors: Rondón-Quintana Hugo A. , Fernández-Gómez Wilmar D. , Hernández-Noguera Jesús A.
Published: August 2017

Cuando se intenta predecir la vida a fatiga de mezclas asfálticas en caliente, los principales factores que se evalúan son: el modo de carga y el tipo de ensayo aplicado, métodos de compactación de la muestra, parámetros de diseño de la mezcla (granulometría y tipo de agregado pétreo, contenido de finos, tipo de cemento asfáltico, etc.) y las variables asociadas al medio ambiente (principalmente humedad, temperatura, envejecimiento). En el presente estudio se evaluó, a través de simulación computacional, la influencia que tienen las capas granulares y la subrasante en la vida a fatiga de capas asfálticas de estructuras de pavimentos flexibles. Para caracterizar y determinar los parámetros mecánicos de las capas granulares de subrasante, base y subbase se emplearon las ecuaciones más utilizadas actualmente para tal fin en el mundo. La temperatura media anual promedio -TMAP- utilizada en las simulaciones fue de 14°C. Como conclusión general se reporta que la rigidez de las capas granulares y la subrasante inciden de manera significativa en la resistencia a fatiga de mezclas asfálticas. Así mismo, el empleo de una u otra ecuación reportada en la literatura de referencia para caracterizar capas granulares puede hacer variar la vida a fatiga entre 4,6 y 48,5 veces, modifi-cando el espesor de las capas del pavimento en su diseño.
El sintesista: contexto, evolución y nuevas perspectivas de desarrollo
Authors: Gómez Daniel , Sánchez David
Published: August 2017

Luego de una revisión histórica de la evolución del sintetizador y del estudio de las aproximaciones cognitivas de la enseñanza musical, se enuncian y definen factores que son importantes tener en cuenta en el diseño y la construcción de nuevos instrumentos e interfaces para la síntesis de audio. Multidimensionalidad, espacios tímbricos, retroalimentación multisensorial y expresividad se muestran como aspectos decisivos en la construcción de sintetizadores, formando el paradigma a seguir por la nueva generación de diseñadores de instrumentos digitales. Su reto principal es desarrollar herramientas cada vez más intuitivas que estimulen y faciliten el proceso de acercamiento del músico a la síntesis de audio.
Medición de impedancia eléctrica en tejido biológico – revisión
Authors: Moncada María E. , Saldarriaga María Del P. , Bravo Andrés F. , Pinedo Carlos R.
Published: August 2017

El siguiente trabajo presenta una revisión de las propiedades eléctricas de los tejidos biológicos. Los tópicos incluidos en el trabajo son el estudio, caracterización y técnicas de medición. Se aborda el tema de las propiedades de conductividad (σ) y permitividad (ε) eléctrica de los tejidos y los modelos creados para su estimación y aproximación. Se presentan las características de los elementos de medición, ventajas y desventajas de los diferentes métodos creados y sus aplicaciones. Se mencionan algunos de los tipos de señales más utilizadas en cuanto a corriente y frecuencia de aplicación. Finalmente se presentan algunas recomendaciones a tener en cuenta al momento de realizar mediciones in vivo, para disminuir los errores debido a las múltiples fuentes fisiológicas. Esta revisión permitió obtener los lineamientos y condiciones de un trabajo de medición de impedancia de fémur que se encuentra en desarrollo.
Diseño, implementación y validación de un controlador PID autosintonizado
Authors: Lozano-Valencia Leonardo F. , Rodríguez-García Luis F. , Giraldo-Buitrago Dídier
Published: August 2017

En este artículo se presenta el diseño y la implementación de un con-trolador PID autosintonizado. La metodología propuesta utiliza el método de mínimos cuadrados con reinicio de covarianza y el diseño por reubica-ción de polos para el cálculo de los parámetros del controlador. El diseño propuesto se implementa en sistemas estables e inestables simulados en un computador análogo COMDYNA GP-6, y se presenta una comparación del desempeño del controlador autosintonizado y un controlador PID clásico en términos del error medio cuadrático. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que los controladores de parámetros adaptativos tienen una mejor respuesta que los controladores de parámetros fijos frente a varia-ciones de parámetros que puedan afectar las condiciones del sistema.
Estimación dinámica neuronal a partir de señales electroencefalográficas sobre un modelo realista de la cabeza
Authors: Giraldo Eduardo , Acosta Carlos D. , Castellanos-Domínguez Germán
Published: August 2017

En este artículo se presenta un método de estimación de la actividad neuronal sobre el cerebro, que tiene en cuenta, en la solución del problema inverso, un modelo dinámico de propagación para la actividad neuronal sobre un modelo realista con elementos finitos de frontera, que incluye un modelo fisiológico que describe la interacción realista entre las neuronas. La solución del problema inverso se hace utilizando computación de alto desempeño. El presente análisis se hace sobre señales EEG simuladas para valores SNR de 25 dB, 15 dB y 5 dB. Los resultados obtenidos muestran la robustez del modelo dinámico sobre el modelo estático en presencia de ruido.
Selección de resinas de poliéster insaturado para procesos de transferencia de resina en molde cerrado
Authors: Jaramillo-Zapata Leyla Y. , Patiño-Arcila Iván D.
Published: August 2017

En este artículo se analizan tres tipos de resinas poliéster in-saturado comerciales de amplio uso en el mercado nacional y se evalúa su conveniencia de uso en procesos de transferencia de resina en molde cerrado (RTM), de acuerdo con criterios de visco-sidad y reactividad. Se compara la viscosidad de las resinas entre 15 y 50°C, así como la reactividad mediante curvas de curado a temperatura ambiente, con porcentajes de catalizador del 1, 1.5 y 2%. De acuerdo con los resultados se determinó que algunas de las resinas son susceptibles de uso en procesos RTM, por su apropiada viscosidad, estabilidad en la reactividad y su velocidad de curado. Estas características son de gran importancia al momento de seleccionar las resinas poliéster insaturado, de acuerdo con las condiciones del proceso en molde cerrado.
Elaboración de recubrimientos base cobre sobre un sustrato de porcelana mediante proyección térmica con llama oxiacetilénica
Authors: Soto-Martínez Daniela , Parra-Velásquez Carolina , López-Gómez María E. , Vásquez-Jiménez Carlos F. , Vargas-Galvis Fabio
Published: August 2017

Se desarrolló un sistema constituido por un sustrato cerámico de porcelana y un recubrimiento de una aleación de cobre, con el fin de proporcionar una superficie conductora de la electricidad en partes específicas del sustrato. Para ello se analizó previamente la mejor manera de preparar la superficie del sustrato para que las partículas de la aleación de cobre se adhieran a él. Para la elaboración del recubrimiento se utilizó un polvo marca Eutectic Castolin referencia 21071TM, el cual fue proyectado utilizando llamas oxiacetilénicas producidas a partir de dos diferentes relaciones volumétricas de combustible-comburente (1:1,15 y 1:2,5), dando como resultado una llama reductora y una oxidante respectivamente. El efecto de la preparación superficial del sustrato, así como el del espesor del recubrimiento y el de la energía de la llama sobre la estructura y adherencia del recubrimiento fue evaluado, encontrando que los recubrimientos obtenidos utilizando una llama reductora tienen baja adherencia al sustrato cerámico preparado superficialmente, y un alto nivel de porosidad en su estructura, mientras que aquellos elaborados utilizando una llama oxidante tienen la mayor adherencia y su estructura es homogénea (baja porosidad). Finalmente, los recubrimientos depositados con los dos tipos de llama sobre sustratos sin preparación superficial presentaron muy baja o nula adherencia.
Evaluación del lactato de sodio como sustituto de los nitritos convencionales en las salchichas del pez sable
Authors: Pérez-Cantillo William , Acevedo-Correa Diofanor , Tirado-Armesto Diego F. , Gallo-García Luis A. , Montero-Castillo5 Piedad M.
Published: August 2017

La sal sódica del ácido láctico es un ácido natural producido por las bacterias en los alimentos fermentados, los cuales son ricos en este componente. Es producido mediante la fermentación de azúcares procedentes de algunos productos como el maíz o la remolacha. Tanto el ácido láctico como los lactatos son usados como conservantes, principalmente contra las levaduras y los hongos. Es usado también para incrementar la estabilidad de los antioxidantes, y para prevenir la pérdida de agua de diversos productos. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue determinar la efectividad del lactato de sodio sobre la inhibición del Clostridium sporogenes en salchichas de pescado, extendiendo su vida útil y reduciendo el crecimiento microbiano. Se realizaron dos formulaciones diferentes; F(A) conservadas con nitritos, F(B) conservadas con lactato de sodio y una muestra control sin conservantes. También se realizó un control positivo con agar SPS inoculándose el Clostridium sporogenes en las diferentes diluciones, por último se llevaron a incubación en la jarra de anaerobiosis a 37°C por 48 h. Se pudo comprobar que la utilización de lactato de sodio al 2% controló el crecimiento de esporas de Clostridium sulfito reductor a las 48 h en las disoluciones preparadas al igual que la utilización de nitritos, siendo estos una alternativa prometedora para reemplazar el uso de nitritos en productos cárnicos tipo salchicha.
Evaluación de las propiedades mecánicas de una mezcla densa en caliente modificada con un desecho de PVC
Authors: Rondón-Quintana Hugo A. , Reyes-Lizcano Fredy A.
Published: August 2017

El presente trabajo evaluó en laboratorio, la resistencia mecánica bajo carga monotónica, el módulo resiliente y la resistencia a la deformación permanente que experimenta una mezcla asfáltica cuando se modifica con un desecho de policloruro de vinilo (PVC) por vía húmeda. Adicionalmente, fue evaluada durante 21 meses, la influencia del medio ambiente de la ciudad de Bogotá D.C. sobre las propiedades mecánicas de la mezcla modificada. De los resultados obtenidos se concluye que la resistencia mecánica de la mezcla asfáltica modificada es superior en comparación con la convencional. La tendencia general de las mezclas con el tiempo de exposición al medio ambiente de Bogotá D.C. es experimentar un aumento en los valores de rigidez debido principalmente a procesos de endurecimiento por envejecimiento del ligante asfáltico. Sin embargo, para el caso de las mezclas fabricadas con CA 60-70 y modificadas con PVC en los primeros 15 meses de exposición, la rigidez disminuye por efecto de micro-fisuración térmica.