bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acute Stimulation of PBMCs Drives Switch from Dopamine-Induced Anti- to proinflammatory Phenotype of Monocytes Only in Women
Authors: Fleige Leonie , Capellino Silvia
Published: August 2024

Several studies report an impact of the neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) on human immune cells, with effects dependent on immune cell type addressed and their activation status. Another contributing factor appears to be sex, as sex-specific differences in the dopaminergic pathway are described in the neurological context as well as in autoimmune diseases. However, a deeper understanding of these differences in peripheral immune cells remains limited. In this study, we investigated the effects of dopaminergic stimulation on activation and cytokine secretion of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from women and men using flow cytometry, ELISA and multiplex assay. We found a B cell-driven downregulation in cytokine secretion of monocytes exclusively from women under physiological conditions. Moreover, B cells from men showed higher dopamine receptor (DR) expression, which was shown to be further increased by sex hormones only in men. In monocytes from women, an acute inflammatory stimulus via CpG combined with dopaminergic stimulation caused a switch to a proinflammatory phenotype, which was less pronounced in men. These novel findings in sex-specific responses to dopaminergic stimulation are crucial for understanding DA’s function in the healthy and activated immune system and provide evidence to treat DA-related pathologies in a sex-specific manner.
OPTIMIZATION OF WAREHOUSE FUNCTIONS, GOOD RECEIVING AND GOODS RETURN PROCEDURES
Authors: Paradhita Astrid noviana , Tineka Yohanes Wien
Published: August 2024

Warehouses have an essential role in the sustainability of retail businesses. A warehouse is not only a place to store goods but also receives, distributes, and returns goods. Assalam Hypermarket is a retail business that still needs help maximizing warehouse functions. Assalam Hypermarket still has several obstacles that could be solved, such as fighting over goods between warehouse divisions, damage to goods, and distribution delays. This research aims to analyze the causes of problems and optimize the implementation of warehouse functions. This research was conducted by applying qualitative descriptive research methods to analyze the function of the warehouse at the Assalam Hypermarket shopping center. The research flow is carried out systematically, from determining the research design, determining research objects and subjects, collecting data and information, analyzing data and information, drawing conclusions, and providing solution recommendations. From this research, results were obtained in the form of factors that cause problems in carrying out warehouse functions. Therefore, Assalam Hypermarket can continue to provide regular outreach regarding SOPs for receiving and returning goods to warehouse staff. Assalam Hypermarket can also print SOPs for receiving and returning goods at the warehouse and implement a cross-decking model to run warehouse operations. Apart from that, Assalam Hypermarket can also improve the competency of warehouse staff by providing BIT training.
APPLICATION OF AIDCA COPYWRITING TECHNIQUES IN ADVERTISING CONTENT CREATION ON SOCIAL MEDIA
Authors: Paradhita Astrid noviana , Pusparisti Myrtana
Published: August 2024

Technological developments and people's consumption behavior have brought changes for industry players to introduce their products and services using digital marketing strategies. In its development, digital marketing has penetrated various media platforms, including social media. Copywriting is one method that can be used to create advertising content on social media. There are still many industry players who currently use digital agency services to make social media advertisements. However, quite a few were disappointed with the results obtained because even though they had paid a lot of money to create advertising content, no change or increase in sales was felt. This research aims to analyze the influence of applying AIDCA copywriting techniques on creating advertising content on social media. The study was carried out by applying qualitative descriptive methods. The results of this research show that applying the AIDCA technique to copywritten advertising content can increase traffic to the advertised product. Apart from that, implementing AIDCA can increase the actions of consumers who like, comment on, and share advertisements via consumer social media accounts.
Experimental validation of fuzzy logic controller based on voltage perturbation algorithm in battery storage photovoltaic system
Authors: Bounechba H. , Boussaid A. , Bouzid A.
Published: August 2024

Introduction. Solar photovoltaic (PV) has recently become very important especially in electrical power applications for countries with high luminosity because it is an effectively unlimited available energy resource. Depending on solar radiation and temperature, the PV generator has a non-linear characteristic with a maximum power point (MPP). The novelty is the efficiency improvement of a PV energy module, it is necessary to track the MPP of the PV array regardless of temperature or irradiation circumstances. Purpose. This paper presents the modeling and the digitally simulation under MATLAB/Simulink of a Fuzzy Logic Controller based on Voltage Perturbation Algorithm (FLC-VPA) applied to PV battery charging system, which consists of PV module, DC-DC boost converter, MPP tracking (MPPT) unit and battery storage. Methods. The DSP1104 is then used to experimentally implement this MPPT algorithm for real-time driving. The obtained results show the high precision of the proposed FLC-VPA MPPT around the optimal point compared to the conventional VPA under stable and changing meteorological conditions. Practical value. The experimental results approve the effectiveness and validity of the proposed total control system in the PV system. References 30, tables 3, figures 17.
Magnetic field of electrical heating cable systems of the floors for residential premises
Authors: Rozov V. Yu. , Reutskiy S. Yu. , Pelevin D. Ye. , Kundius K. D.
Published: August 2024

Problem. In order to effectively protect public health from the magnetic field of electric heating cable systems of the floors, it is necessary to reduce it to a safe level. However, this requires careful study of the magnetic field. The purpose of the work is to develop a mathematical model and a verified methodology for calculating the magnetic field of electric heating cable systems of the floors in residential premises, and assessment of compliance of the magnetic field with the normative level. Method. A methodology for calculating the magnetic field of electric heating cable systems of the floors in residential premises has been developed. Scientific novelty. Based on Bio-Savar’s law and the principle of superposition, an analytical model of the magnetic field of electric heating cable systems of the floors and its calculation method was created. The magnetic field of the coaxial heating cable is determined, taking into account the value of its maximum eccentricity. The experimentally substantiated correctness of the obtained theoretical statements, which is confirmed by their coincidence with the results of the experiment with a spread of less than 7 %. Practical significance. A verified methodology for calculating the magnetic field of electric heating cable systems of the floors was proposed and an assessment of compliance of their magnetic flux density with the normative level of 0.5 μT was performed. It is recommended to lay modern two-wire heating cables at a depth of at least 75–100 mm from the floor. With a smaller laying depth, it is recommended to use coaxial heating cables, which have an order of magnitude smaller magnetic field. References 51, tables 1, figures 11.
Efficacy of pharmacological interventions for ADHD: protocol for an updated systematic review and dose-response network meta-analysis
Authors: Nourredine Mikail , JUREK Lucie , SALANTI Georgia , CIPRIANI Andrea , SUBTIL Fabien , EFTHIMIOU Orestis , HAMZA Tasnim , CORTESE Samuele
Published: August 2024

Background
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) affects approximately 5% of children globally, with symptoms often persisting into adulthood. While pharmacological interventions are commonly employed for management, understanding the optimal dosing for efficacy and tolerability remains crucial. This study aims to conduct a dose-response network meta-analysis to estimate the efficacy of pharmacological treatments across different doses, aiming to inform clinical decision-making and improve treatment outcomes.
Methods
This updated systematic review will include randomized controlled trials evaluating ADHD medication efficacy in children, adolescents, and adults. An updated search from a 2018 NMA will be conducted across multiple electronic databases with no language restrictions, using specific eligibility criteria focused on randomized controlled trials. The primary outcome will assess the severity of ADHD core symptoms, while secondary outcomes will consider treatment tolerability. A dose-response Bayesian hierarchical model will be used to estimate dose-response curves for each medication, identifying optimal dosing strategies.
Discussion
With this dose response network metanalysis we aim to better understand the dose-response relationship of pharmacological treatment in ADHD, which could help clinician to the identification of optimal doses.
Systematic review registration: OSF https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/3MY4A
Possible Linking and Treatment between Parkinson’s Disease and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Study of Mendelian Randomization Based on Gut–Brain Axis
Authors: Wang Beiming , Bai Xiaoyin , Yang Yingmai , Yang Hong
Published: August 2024

Background: Mounting evidence suggests that Parkinson’s disease (PD) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are closely associated and becoming global health burdens. However, the causal relationshipsand common pathogeneses between them are uncertain. Furthermore, they are uncurable. Thus, we aimedto identify the causal relationships and novel therapeutic targets shared between them based on their common pathophysiological mechanisms in gut-brain-axis (GBA).
Methods: A meta-analysis on bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) utilizing various datasets was performed to estimate their causal relationship. Then, pleiotropicanalysis under the composite null hypothesis(PLACO) with functional mapping combined withannotation of genetic associations (FUMA) analysis were conducted to identify pleiotropic genes. Next, blood, brain and intestine expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) were taken to perform drug-target MR finding common causal genes in two diseases. Colocalization analysis ensured the eQTLs of corresponding gene colocalized with disease. Enrichment analysis and protein‒proteininteraction (PPI) network were done to explorecommon pathogenesis pathways. Genes passed all analysis were regarded as drug targets.
Results: Our MR meta-analysis revealed thebidirectional causal relationship between diseases, with combined ORs for PD on IBD, CD, UC (1.050 [95% CI: 1.014-1.086], 1.044 [95% CI: 0.995-1.095], 1.063 [95% CI: 1.016-1.120]); for IBD, CD, UC on PD (1.003 [95% CI: 0.973-1.034], 1.035 [95% CI: 1.004-1.067], 1.008 [95% CI: 0.977-1.040]). Overall, 277, 216 and 201 genes were identified as pleiotropic genes between PD and IBD, CD, UC. Total of733 genes were classified as tier 3 (found in only one tissue) druggable targets, 57 as tier 2 (found in two tissues, 51 protein-coding genes) and 9 as tier 3 (found in three tissues). Among 60 protein-coding druggable targets over tier 2, 18 overlapped with pleiotropic genes and enriched in mitochondria, antigen presentation, processing and immune cell regulation pathways. Three druggable genes (LRRK2, RAB29 and HLA-DQA2) passed colocalization analysis. LRRK2 and RAB29 were reported to be pleiotropic genes, and RAB29 and HLA-DQA2were reported for the first time as potential drug targets.
Conclusions:
This study established areliable causal relationship, possible shared drug targets and common pathogenesis pathways of two diseases, which had important implications for intervention and treatment of two diseases simultaneously.
High efficiency sonochemical degradation of bisphenol A: a synergistic dual-frequency ultrasound approach
Authors: Symes Mark , Fletcher Shaun , Yusuf Lukman , Ertekin Zeliha
Published: August 2024

The persistence of bisphenol A in the environment poses significant ecological hazards. Traditional treatment methods often fall short in removing micropollutants such as bisphenol A from wastewater. The use of ultrasound in water treatment has the potential to induce powerful oxidative degradation of micropollutants while dispensing with the need for chemical intervention. Herein, we show a novel approach for the sonochemical degradation of bisphenol A using dual frequency ultrasound. The synergistic effects of using two distinct ultrasonic frequencies (20 kHz, with the addition of either 37 kHz or 80 kHz) were investigated in the context of bisphenol A removal and mineralisation. The method was shown to substantially increase the rate of degradation compared to single frequency treatment, achieving a 94.2% removal of bisphenol A under optimised conditions. The extent of mineralisation of the target pollutant and the absence of the need for chemical additives demonstrates the effectiveness of the method as a green alternative for water treatment.
Image-recognition-based planar three-dimensional geometric morphology representation of rock discontinuities
Authors: YANG Xuanyu
Published: August 2024

The three-dimensional morphology characteristics of discontinuities have a significant impact on the anisotropy of rock mass. Quantitative representation of these characteristics is crucial for the study of rock mass mechanical behavior. The model utilizes four variables: the height (h), width (d), spacing (x), and extension length (z) of the protrusion. This paper presents a mathematical model for the quantitative representation of the three-dimensional morphology of discontinuities using visible light projection and image binarization. The mathematical model's application method is explained, and the proposed calculation concept for the 3D morphology software design for discontinuities offers a theoretical foundation for related investigations.
Experimental study on how hydrophobic tubing modifies gas wells liquid unloading
Authors: Zhibin Wang , Yiheng Wang , Mengwei Li
Published: August 2024

Experimental and theoretical studies on liquid unloading in gas wells show that the critical gas velocities for carrying droplets upward is much smaller than the critical gas velocity for carrying liquid film upward. The latest studies show that the hydrophobic coating can change solid surface wettability, reduce contact area between liquid droplet and solid surface, and can promote the droplet formation from liquid film in annular flow. It is speculated that tubing with a hydrophobic inner wall can reduce the critical gas rate of liquid unloading and modifies gas wells liquid unloading under certain production conditions. However, how hydrophobic tubing modifies gas wells liquid unloading is still unkown. This study present the experimental results of air-water two phase flow in hydrophobic pipe. First, a hydrophobic coating was sprayed on the inner wall of a transparent pipe, and then an experimental loop with a height of 8 m and an inner diameter of 40 mm was built for air-water two phase flow. A comparative experiment was conducted in the pipe with and without hydrophobic coating. The influence of hydrophobic coating on flow pattern characteristics, flow pattern conversion conditions, pressure gradient, liquid holdup, droplet entrainment rate, and critical gas rate was measured. The mechanism of hydrophobic coating improves the liquid carrying capacity of gas wells has been revealed from multiple perspectives.
Hydrolysis of palm kernel meal fibre using a newly isolated Bacillus subtilis F6 with high mannanase activity
Authors: Ong Wei Li , Chan Kam Lock , Suwanto Antonius , Li Zhi , Ng Kian Hong , Zhou Kang
Published: August 2024

High fibre content is the main limitation of using mannan-rich palm kernel meal (PKM) in feeding non-ruminant livestock. Microbial fermentation stands out as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach for hydrolysing fibre in lignocellulosic biomass. In this study, a Bacillus subtilis strain F6 with high mannanase secretion capability was isolated from an environmental source. Fermentation of PKM using strain F6 resulted in at least a 10% reduction in its neutral detergent fibre content. Notably, the strain exhibited a rapid response to PKM, with significant mannanase activity detected as early as 6 h, enabling fibre hydrolysis within a short fermentation period. Subsequent transcriptome analysis uncovered potential enzymes involved in PKM fibre degradation, and the purified recombinant enzymes were generated to assess their activity on PKM fibre degradation. β-mannanase GmuG demonstrated strong hydrolysis activity of PKM fibre, and its biochemical properties were determined. Overall, the study reported the isolation of a B. subtilis strain suitable for fibre hydrolysis of mannan-rich biomass, followed by an investigation to identify and characterize the enzyme responsible for fibre degradation.
Nutritional intake and timing of marathon runners. Influence of athlete's characteristics and habits on finishing time
Authors: Jiménez-Alfageme Rubén , Pino-Garrone Florencia , Rodriguez-Sanchez Nidia , Romero-García David , Sospedra-Lopez Isabel , Giménez-Monzó Daniel , Ayala-Guzmán César Iván , Martínez-Sanz José Miguel
Published: August 2024

Background
Endurance athletes’ competitions have increased over the decades and marathon races are becoming increasingly popular. Proper nutrition is critical for optimal performance and long-term health in marathon athletes. This study aimed to investigate runners’ nutritional intake, especially fluids, food, and supplements, competing in the Seville Marathon. A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out to obtain information on the consumption of liquids, food, and supplements. A total of 160 runners who were primarily men (87.5%) aged 42.2 ± 7.3 years who participated in the 2022 Seville marathon took part in the study.
Results
There was no significant difference (p > 0.050) between marathon finish time or sports experience and fluid, CHO, sodium, and caffeine intake pre- and post-competition, except for athletes who met CHO intake recommendations during the competition that were more likely to finish the marathon in less than 180 minutes.
Conclusions
The intake of CHO, sodium and caffeine was low compared to the current recommendations. The intake of fluids was at the lower limit of recommendations. Most athletes did not receive nutritional counselling by a D-N, which may explain why athletes failed to meet specific nutrient recommendations. Future investigations with a larger sample size are warranted to assess the relationship between dietary intake and finish time.
The mechanism by which uniconazole induces the differentiation of male flowers in female Bayberry (Morella rubra) trees
Authors: liu juan , gong biya , zhou changfu , kong youhan , wu juanjuan , zhang ping , yang shuizhi , wang chunmei , liu changwei , Li Xianxin
Published: August 2024

Background: The deficiency of cross-pollination leads to low yields and poor quality of Chinese bayberry. Obtaining pollen with transparent sources and superior characteristics is the key to enhancing the quality of bayberry and cultivating new varieties of excellent quality.
Main body: We discovered incidentally that spraying tenlobulozole could induce the differentiation of female bayberry flower buds into male flowers. By applying different plant growth regulators on the female branches of bayberry, the flower buds of female bayberry were prompted to transform into male flowers. The flower bud slices and pollen activity were observed, and the mechanism was analyzed by integrating transcriptomics and metabolomics.
Conclusion: The results indicated that spraying uniconazole on the female branches of waxberry trees could induce spring shoots to differentiate into male flowers and generate reproductive active waxberry pollen. The mechanism might be to reduce the transport and content of gibberellin and other plant hormones by inhibiting the expression of critical genes, such as gene-CJ030_MR4G011967. Furthermore, the expression of the gene CJ030_MR0G004521 was promoted to regulate the differentiation of female bayberry flower buds into male flowers. Through this approach, pollen with clear sources and outstanding characteristics can be acquired, resolving issues such as low cross-pollination affinity, ensuring the quality of bayberry, and offering new concepts for bayberry breeding.
Bayesian Semiparametric Inference in LongitudinalMetabolomics Data: The EarlyBird Study
Authors: Sarkar Abhra , Cominetti Ornella , Montoliu Ivan , Hosking Joanne , Pinkney Jonathan , Martin Francois-Pierre , Dunson David B.
Published: August 2024

The article is motivated by an application to the EarlyBird cohort study aiming to explore how anthropometrics and clinicaland metabolic processes are associated with obesity and glucose control during childhood. There is interest in inferring therelationship between dynamically changing and high-dimensional metabolites and a longitudinal response. Important aspects ofthe analysis include the selection of the important set of metabolites and the accommodation of missing data in both responseand covariate values. With this motivation, we propose a flexible but parsimonious Bayesian semiparametric joint model for theoutcome and the covariate generating processes, making novel use of nonparametric mean processes, latent factor models,and different classes of continuous shrinkage priors. The proposed approach efficiently addresses daunting dimensionalitychallenges, simplifies imputation tasks, and automates the selection of important predictors. Implementation via an efficientMarkov chain Monte Carlo algorithm appropriately accounts for uncertainty in various aspects of the analysis. Simulationexperiments illustrate the efficacy of the proposed methodology. The application to the EarlyBird cohort study illustrates itspractical utility in enabling statistical integration of different molecular processes involved in glucose production and metabolism.From this study, we were able to show that glucose levels from 5 to 16 years of age is associated with different circulating levelsof metabolites in the blood serum and can be fitted over time for a wide range of shapes of trajectories. Among the metabolitesthat contributed the most to explain the glucose trajectories are involved in different central energy metabolic pathways as wellas other metabolites, which could be used as a tool to generate new hypotheses in understanding obesity and glucose controlduring childhood and adolescence.
Effect of decreased muscle strength in the elderly on cognitive decline
Authors: Kim Namsu , Jeon Geonmin , Lee Jinseok , Kim Dongwook
Published: August 2024

Background
Our study aims to explore the relationship between cognitive decline and sarcopenia in the elderly. Additionaly, we seek to identify which specific measures of sarcopenia are most strongly associated with cognitive decline.
Methods
This study involved 1,327 elderly participants (261 men and 1,065 women), all aged 65 and older, who voluntarily agreed to participate after being selected from applicants to a project commissioned by the Sports Support Division of the Gyeongsangnam-do Provincial Government. The survey was conducted over a period of seven months. All variables were assessed through face-to-face interactions. Sarcopenia and frailty were directly evaluated using physical function tests included in the survey items, while the remaining variables were assessed using questionnaires. To investigate the relationship between cognitive impairment and sarcopenia, odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using a logistic regression model.
Results
Factors associated with cognitive impairment included demographic variables such as gender (OR = 1.585, p < .004), age over 86 years (OR = 1.492, p < .029), and residential area (OR = 1.369, p < .016). Disease-related factors included depression (OR = 15.420, p < .001), diabetes (OR = 4.967, p < .001), hypertension (OR = 2.573, p < .001), arthritis (OR = 3.158, p < .001), sarcopenia (OR = 7.386, p < .001), and frailty (OR = 8.399, p < .001), all of which were statistically significant. A detailed analysis of the sarcopenia items revealed that muscle strength reduction (OR = 1.621, p = .029) was statistically significant, indicating a negative impact on cognitive function decline in the elderly.
Conclusion
This study demonstrated that sarcopenia negatively impacts cognitive function decline in the elderly. Specifically, among the sarcopenia survey questions, muscle strength reduction was identified as a significant factor contributing to cognitive decline. These findings underscore the importance of efforts to prevent muscle strength reduction.
Humanized anti-CD11d monoclonal antibodies suitable for basic research and therapeutic applications
Authors: Blythe Eoin N. , Barreira Christy , Fink Corby , Brown Arthur , Weaver Lynne C. , Dekaban Gregory A.
Published: August 2024

Immunomodulatory agents targeting the CD11d/CD18 integrin are in development for the treatment of several pathophysiologies including neurotrauma, sepsis, and atherosclerosis. Previous rodent models have successfully improved neurotrauma recovery using murine anti-CD11d therapeutic antibodies. Here, we present the progression of anti-CD11d therapy with the development of humanized anti-CD11d monoclonal antibodies. Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that the humanized anti-CD11d-2 clone binds both human monocytes and neutrophils. Using a THP-1 model, the humanized anti-CD11d-2 clone was then determined to bind both active and inactive CD11d/CD18 conformations without inducing inflammatory cell signaling. Finally, an investigation into the impact of CK2 phosphorylation on CD11d/CD18 expression found that CK2 inhibition downregulated all β2 integrins. By developing humanized anti-CD11d monoclonal antibodies, new tools are now available to study CD11d/CD18 physiology. The subsequent characterization of these humanized anti-CD11d antibodies makes their use in therapeutic interventions possible.
Design and experimental study of a new hydraulic tool for LCM plugging while drilling
Authors: Wang Guohua , Jiang Hailong , Li Wei
Published: August 2024

Big Data Analysis from the worldwide field shows that lost circulation is a common phenomenon in drilling and the success ratio of remedial treatment for lost circulation is low. It is not only because of these complexities of the formation, but also because of the poor performances of the plugging materials and technologies. This paper proposes a new method in plugging, which is based on a particular physical method for lost circulation controlling and plugging while drilling. This method is different from these traditional treatments, which only use chemical methods. Through a hydraulic tool manufactured for using in drilling process, the drilling fluid will have a diffluence at a constant rate from the jet of the hydraulic tool which is installed on the drilling pipe and the fluid laden with particles can be injected into the natural or induced fractures of the borehole wall which may lead to lost circulation. Combined with the corresponding drilling fluids which have been tested in the laboratory, the additives such as ground marble, ground nutshells, fibers and graphite in the drilling fluid are quickly pushed into the fractures because of the differential pressure provide by the hydraulic tool, then form a firm seal at the mouth of the fractures which could isolate fluid pressure in the wellbore and prevent effective pressure communication to interfere the extension of the fracture. What’s more, according to the stress cage theory, when these sealing particles which prop the fracture open, act as wedges to compress the rock around the wellbore, the hoop stress could be increased, so that the WPC (wellbore pressure containment) could be improved. In this paper, a lab test and a field experiment are presented. The experiment result reveals that the hydraulic tool is able to force more material into the fracture, bridge at the mouth of the fracture, form a stable plug in the fracture to isolate the hydraulic pressure in the wellbore, and add a nearly impermeable mud-cake on the wellbore wall to change the effective stress concentration around the borehole. The result demonstrates that the hydraulic tool can provide an effective preventive treatment for lost circulation and an improvement of WPC. It is then feasible to avoid lost circulation events when using this hydraulic tool.
Bayesian Analysis of Flood Prediction Using Mixture Models of Weighted Inverse Rayleigh and Gumbel Type-II Distributions
Authors: Ishfaq Muhammad , Noor Farzana , Bhat A. A. , Albalawi Olayan
Published: August 2024

This article develops two components mixture model of weighted inverse Rayleigh distribution (WIR) and Gumbel type-II distribution for estimation and prediction of flood event. The study uses flood data from the Federal Flood Commission of Pakistan (FFC) over 29 years (1990–2018) of the Jhelum River using two gauging stations, Mangla and Rasul, for two catchments (upstream, downstream) each. Two distinct approaches Annual Maximum series (AMS) and Peak over threshold (POT) are used for estimation of parameters of said mixture models in Bayesian context. Bayesian analysis is performed using Square Error Loss Function (SELF) and Quadratic Loss Function (QLF) with gamma and beta informative priors. Bayes estimators and their posterior risks for Weighted Inverse Rayleigh distribution and Gumble-type-II distribution are derived. For the case of Gumbel type-II, both the shape and scale parameters are considered random. A comprehensive study is conducted to thoroughly examine the behavior of derived Bayes estimators and their posterior risks. The study involves comparing various loss functions and aims to explore well-fitted distribution. Additionally, it seeks to determine return periods in order to predict future flood events accurately.
Reusable MgO/Geopolymer nanocomposites with high Adsorption capacity for methylene blue as effects of mixed phase diffraction and optical response changes
Authors: Rinovian Asnan , Daulay Amru , Amin Muhammad , Merita Merita , Suradharmika I Gusti Agung , Labanni Arniati , Heryanto Heryanto , Nasir Muhamad , Akouibaa Ah. , Tahir Dahlang , Rahmat Roni
Published: August 2024

Water contamination due to synthetic dyes has continued to increase in recent years and has become a significant environmental problem. The development of effective and sustainable materials to address these problems is essential. A comprehensive study on synthesizing MgO nanoparticles from seawater bittern and compositing them with geopolymer matrix for methylene blue (MB) adsorption was chosen to address the challenge. The SEM results show the presence of MgO which acts like particles attached to the geopolymer grains, and gives a more compact boundary effect. X-ray diffractograms showed structural changes that proved by mixed phase at 2\(\:\theta\:\): 21.12°, 29.47°, and 57.48° indicating the successful synthesis of geopolymer/MgO nanocomposites. Quantitative analysis of the I-R spectra shows the change optical response that proofed by higher \(\:k\) value transitions \(\:\varDelta\:\left(LO-TO\right)\) from 165 cm-1 to 204 cm-1 leading to more specific absorption. Optical response changes correlated with BET analysis with modified surface area of 56.60 m2 g-1 and BJH pore size of 1.92 nm with good consequently \(\:D\left(\%\right)\) >75% degradation performance for MB dye based on UV-Vis absorbance analysis. The maximum adsorption capacity achieved 81.97 mg g-1 with optimum conditions at pH 11 and a contact time of 160 minutes, and the recyclability test shows an efficiency of 59.67% after seven cycles. Finally, synergistic effect between mixed phase diffraction and optical response as a result of dispersion of MgO nanoparticles on geopolymer matrix can be promising candidate as MB adsorbent.
Enhanced mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy through laser-assisted burnishing
Authors: Zhang Haotian , Feng Bin , Lin Da , Guo Wei , Cai Yukui , Xue Junqi , Aslam Jawad , Song Qinghua , Wang Bing , Liu Zhanqiang
Published: August 2024

The surface modification of titanium alloys, specifically Ti-6Al-4V, is a critical procedure that significantly augments the material's surface integrity and mechanical properties. This process is of paramount importance in various industries, including aerospace, medical, and automotive sectors. This research introduces a novel method, termed Laser-Assisted Burnishing (LAB), which is engineered to enhance the surface integrity of Ti-6Al-4V. The LAB process parameters, encompassing burnishing temperature, speed, feed rate, force, and number of passes, were meticulously optimized to ameliorate surface characteristics. A comprehensive experimental investigations was undertaken to study the surface generation of LAB-treated Ti-6Al-4V, and the results were systematically analyzed. Key performance indicators such as surface roughness, microhardness, and residual stresses were evaluated under LAB conditions and compared with those obtained via traditional burnishing methods. The LAB process yielded a reduction in surface roughness (Ra) to 0.364µm, an increase in microhardness from 324.4 to 464.8 HV, and notable enhancement in the thickness of hardened layer and compressive residual stress. These results validate the effectiveness of the LAB technique in improving the surface integrity of the Ti–6Al–4V alloy. The primary contributing factor to this enhancement is the augmented plastic deformation facilitated by the transient material softening during LAB process.
Mendelian randomization to assess causality between bone mineral density, fractures and chronic kidney disease
Authors: Wu Jianjun , Wang Beiru , Chen Jingyi , liang Zhu , Chen Tongying , Yang Yifu , Ling Yanpin , Wan Lei , Zhu Genfu , Huang Hongxing
Published: August 2024

Background
This study explores the intricate correlation between kidney function and bone health through Mendelian randomization, focusing on cases of chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Methods
We utilized biomarkers such as serum creatinine (eGFRcrea) and serum cystatin C (eGFRcys) to assess kidney function and examined their impact on bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture risk. Mendelian randomization techniques were employed to analyze these associations.
Results
Our findings indicate that biomarkers of kidney function significantly impact BMD and fracture risk. Specifically, we observed a positive association between CKD and lumbar spine BMD and an inverse relationship between serum cystatin C and heel BMD.
Conclusions
These insights could enhance the management of bone health in individuals with CKD by enabling more precise monitoring and tailored interventions. Future research should further clarify these relationships and explore their potential applications in clinical practice, potentially leading to improved strategies for preventing and treating osteoporosis in at-risk populations.
The clinical characteristics and risk factors of steroid-induced ocular hypertension following 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy
Authors: Jiang Shuanghong , Yang Hongxia , Yuan Jing , Chen Ting , Ji Zhenyu , Yan Xixi
Published: August 2024

Background This study aimed to assess the incidence and risk factors for the development of steroid-induced ocular hypertension (SIOH) following 23-gauge (23G) pars plana vitrectomy.
Methods The clinical data of patients treated with 23G vitrectomy from January 2019 to March 2022 was reviewed retrospectively. The incidence and characteristics of SIOH post-operatively and treatment were recorded. The clinical risk factors for developing SIOH were analyzed using logistic regression analysis.
Results Among the 540 eligible patients, 111 (20.56%) cases developed SIOH. The majority (83.78%) of the SIOH cases developed between the third and seventh day postoperatively. Among these cases, 65 (58.56%) patients had an intraoperative pressure (IOP) of 30 mmHg or higher, and 31 (27.9%) had an IOP of 40 mmHg or higher. The IOP of all SIOH patients returned to normal within 1 month following the discontinuation of steroid and IOP-lowering medicine treatment. The independent risk factors for SIOH (IOP ≥23 mmHg) were myopia (odds ratio (OR) 5.22) and silicone oil filling (OR 8.20). For severe SIOH (IOP ≥30 mmHg) myopia and silicone oil filling were also identified as risk factors with an OR of 3.23 and 12.86, respectively. After adjusting the steroid administration pattern, the incidence of all SIOH and severe SIOH decreased to 17.11% and 9.14% respectively.
Conclusions Myopia and silicone oil filling were identified as independent risk factors for the development of SIOH after vitrectomy. Reducing the duration of topical steroid therapy could potentially decrease the incidence of SIOH particularly in high-risk patients.
Butterfly Diagram and other properties of plagecareas from Kodaikanal Ca II K Photographs Coveringc1904 – 2007
Authors: Jha Bibhuti Kumar , Chatzistergos Theodosios , Banerjee Dipankar , Ermolli Ilaria , Krivova Natalie A. , Solanki Sami K. , Priyadarshi Aditya
Published: August 2024

Ca II K observations of the Sun have a great potential for probing the Sun's magnetism and activity, as well as for reconstructing solar irradiance. The Kodaikanal Solar Observatory (KoSO) in India, houses one of the most prominent \ca archives, spanning from 1904 to 2007, obtained under the same experimental conditions over a century, a feat very few other sites have achieved. However, the KoSO Ca II K archive suffers from several inconsistencies (e.g., missing/incorrect timestamps of observations and orientation of some images) which have limited the use of the archive. This study is a step towards bringing the KoSO archive to its full potential.We did this by developing an automatic method to orient the images more accurately than in previous studies. Furthermore, we included more data than in earlier studies (considering images that could not previously be analyzed by other techniques as well as 2845 newly digitized images), while also accounting for mistakes in the observational date/time. These images were accurately processed to identify plage regions along with their locations, enabling us to construct the butterfly diagram of plage areas from the entire KoSO Ca II K archive covering 1904-–2007.Our butterfly diagram shows significantly fewer data gaps compared to earlier versions due to the larger set of data used in this study. Moreover, our butterfly diagram is consistent with Spörer's law for sunspots, validating our automatic image orientation method. Additionally, we found that the mean latitude of plage areas calculated over the entire period is 20.5%+/-2.0 higher than that of sunspots, irrespective of the phase or the strength of the solar cycle. We also studied the North-South asymmetry showing that the northern hemisphere dominated plage areas during solar cycles 19 and 20, while the southern hemisphere dominated during solar cycles 21--23.
Association between hepatocyte growth factor/c-MET signaling and gestational diabetes (GDM) and GDM complications
Authors: Jung Ye Won , Lee Mina , Ko Young Bok , Song Soo Youn , Yoo Heon Jong , Kang Yea Eun , Kim Ok Soon , Kang Byung Hun , Kim Hyun Jin
Published: August 2024

Background
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (c-MET) signaling is involved in glucose homeostasis in pancreatic β cells; however, studies on its relationship with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are lacking. This study aimed to investigate HGF and its receptor, c-MET, in pregnant women with GDM and to analyze the correlation between HGF/c-MET signaling and GDM complications.
Methods
In total, 44 pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and 32 with GDM were studied. Serum levels of HGF and c-MET were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The relative mRNA expression of HGF and c-MET was measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The protein expression of HGF and c-MET in placental and visceral fat tissues was measured using western blot analysis. Logistic regression and Pearson’s correlation analyses examined the associations of these variables with clinical information.
Results
Serum sc-MET levels were significantly higher (1472.58 vs. 1651.23 ng/mL, p < 0.001) and cord blood HGF levels were significantly lower (370.76 vs. 254.54 ng/mL, p = 0.042) in the GDM group than in the NGT group. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for sc-MET was 0.744 (95% confidence interval: 0.632–0.857, p < 0.001). The cut-off serum sc-MET level for predicting GDM was 1455.26 ng/mL. HGF protein expression in the maternal visceral fat tissue was significantly higher in the GDM group than in the NGT group (2-fold higher, p < 0.05). Serum HGF significantly correlated with cord arterial blood gas analysis (ABGA) base excess (r =-0.390, p = 0.007) and cord ABGA lactic acid (r = 0.469, p = 0.001). Cord blood HGF levels were significantly correlated with cord blood glucose levels (r = 0.439, p = 0.002).
Conclusions
We found an increase in serum sc-MET, a decrease in cord HGF, and an increase in HGF protein expression in the visceral fat tissue of the GDM group, indicating that HGF/c-MET signaling is related to GDM expression. In addition, maternal serum HGF levels correlated with base excess and lactic acid levels in cord ABGA, and cord blood HGF levels correlated with cord blood glucose levels. These outcomes suggest that HGF/c-MET signaling may have potential application in predicting GDM complications.
“No, that is not normal”: Psychosocial lived experiences of Elite Athletes living and performing with Menstrual Dysfunctions
Authors: Verma Ritu , Gupta Sahen
Published: August 2024

Background With the increasing representation of women in sports, addressing menstrual health issues, specifically menstrual dysfunctions (MDs), has gained significance. This study aimed to gain a comprehensive understanding of the experiences of athletes living with MDs and how they manifest in their sports performance and psychological well-beingMethods Ten female athletes (mean age = 24.5, SD = 5.20), active and retired, living with MDs, including endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), primary dysmenorrhea, and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), for a minimum of one year, were engaged in semi-structured interviews. Data analyses utilized Braun and Clarke's (2019) six-phase guide for reflexive thematic analysis, which incorporated a three-step coding process (Moghaddam, 2006) for an in-depth exploration.Results A two-phase thematic analysis highlighted six key themes: medical impact, health impact, psychological impact, socio-cultural impact, social support, and suggestions. These themes illuminate how their physical symptoms led to psychological challenges and underscore the inadequate support received from sporting and medical professionals. In the second phase we identified several barriers and facilitators as illustrated from the lived experience with MDs. These are then synthesised into reccomendations that the athletes suggest themselves which offer insights that can benefit other athletes with MDs and guide coaches and medical practitioners in providing effective support.Conclusions Study findings highlight athletes' daily experiences living with menstrual dysfunctions (MDs) both in and out of sport, including their thoughts on how MDs affect their sports participation, sense of self and personal well-being. Future studies can adopt a more longitudinal approach, delving into various MDs individually for a deeper understanding and conduct focus groups with medical personnel, support staff and athletes for improved support provisions. We recommend an education programme for athletes and coaches in an asynchronous format for access to information and CPD for holistic support for pathway athletes.
OBSCN undergoes extensive alternative splicing during human cardiac and skeletal muscle development
Authors: Oghabian Ali , Jonson Per Harald , Johari Mridul , Andres David Gomez , Munell Francina , Soriano Jessica Camacho , Duran Maria Angeles Sanchez , Sinisalo Juha , Tolppanen Heli , Tolva Johanna , Hackman Peter , Savarese Marco , Udd Bjarne
Published: August 2024

Background
Highly expressed in skeletal muscles, the gene Obscurin (i.e. OBSCN) has 121 non-overlapping exons and codes for some of the largest known mRNAs in human genome. Furthermore, it is known to play an essential role in muscle development and function. Mutations within OBSCN are known to cause several hypertrophic cardiomyopathies and muscular disorders. OBSCN undergoes extensive and complex alternative splicing, which is the main reason that its splicing regulation associated with skeletal and cardiac muscle development has not previously been thoroughly studied.
Methods
We analyzed RNA-Seq data from skeletal and cardiac muscles extracted from 41 postnatal individuals and 6 fetuses. We applied the intron/exon level splicing analysis software IntEREst to study the splicing of OBSCN in the studied samples. The differential splicing analysis was adjusted for batch effects. Our comparisons reveal the splicing variations in OBSCN, between the human skeletal and cardiac muscle, as well as between post-natal muscle (skeletal and cardiac) and the pre-natal equivalent muscle.
Results
We detected several splicing regulations located in 5’end, 3’ end, and the middle of OBSCN that are associated with human cardiac or skeletal muscle development. Many of these alternative splicing events have not previously been reported.
Conclusions
We conclude that the splicing of OBSCN is extensively regulated during the human skeletal/cardiac muscle development. We developed an interactive visualization tool that can be used by clinicians and researchers to study the inclusion of specific OBSCN exons in pre- and postnatal cardiac and skeletal muscles (as well as their differential splicing statistics). The human skeletal/cardiac muscle development OBSCN exon inclusion map is available at https://gacatag.shinyapps.io/OBSCN_PSIVIS/. These findings are essential for an accurate pre- and postnatal diagnosis and prognosis of OBSCN exonic variants.