bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The impact of accepting biological changes during adolescence on the severity of depression symptoms
Authors: Radziwiłłowicz Wioletta , Hrycyk Paulina , Dutczak Beata
Published: December 2016

The aim of the study was to establish whether any relation exists between depression symptoms and the extent to which adolescents accept the changes their bodies undergo (the physical changes they experience at different stages of growing up), and if the connection does exist - is it gender-related. Method: Data were collected from four sub-groups: younger girls (aged 12-13), older girls (aged 17-18), younger boys (aged 12-13), and older boys (aged 17-18). The participants were asked to complete questionnaires that allow to measure the subjective intensity of depression symptoms (BDI), the current stage of biological changes (the Tanner scale) and whether these changes are accepted by the individual who experiences them (the original Feelings Towards the Body questionnaire). Results: The less adolescents accept the changes in their bodies, the higher depression symptoms they demonstrate. For younger girls, older girls and older boys, no links were established between levels of accepting bodily changes and early/late maturation (in comparison with the population of their peers). For younger boys, the later the stage of their development, the less likely they are to accept the changes in their bodies. Girls report more intense depression symptoms than boys do, but their levels of accepting changes that occur around puberty are significantly lower only when compared to those of older boys. Conclusions: Whether biological changes during puberty (mainly feelings of anxiety and shame related to the body) are accepted or not, was proven to be a significant predictor of more intense depression symptoms.
Pride May Facilitate Cooperation with Agentic Though Immoral Individuals
Authors: Krys Kuba , Wojciszke Bogdan
Published: December 2016

In most individualistic cultures, pride is regarded as a positive emotion that follows a positive evaluation of one’s competence or effort when achieving a goal. Fredrickson (2001) suggests that pride may expand individuals’ scope of attention and broaden their action repertoires by driving them toward greater achievements in the future. In the present study, we show that proud individuals may search for greater achievements by stronger willingness to cooperate with agentic though immoral individuals. We demonstrate that proud participants in comparison to participants in the control condition rely to a higher degree on information on agency and respect, and less on information on morality and liking of their potential partners of cooperation.
Simultaneous Determination of Sufentanil and Ziconotide in Combination for Intrathecal Analgesia by UPLC-UV
Authors: Sorrieul Jérémy , Gibory Vincent , Dinh Chau Phi , Kieffer Hélène , Folliard Caroline , Dupoiron Denis , Devys Catherine
Published: December 2016

Intrathecal analgesia has increased over the past two decades based on high level proof of efficacy in patients with cancer. Morphine and Ziconotide remains the reference. Polyanalgesic Consensus Conference IT treatment algorithm recommends as the second line therapy opioids/ziconotide combination. Sufentanil and ziconotide combination can be used. The implantable pumps development helped to improve the comfort of the patient. The refills were prepared under a laminar airflow hood under strictly aseptic conditions, by the hospital pharmacist. In order to secure the process, a new analytical method by simple liquid chromatography ultraviolet spectrometry method was developed for the simultaneous quantification of two analgesic drugs (sufentanil, ziconotide). The method was validated according to the recommendation of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The method was linear between 0.1 to 4 μg/mL for ziconotide and 3.125 to 50 µg/mL for sufentanil. This routine quality control analysis secures the production process.
Construction and Enumeration of Circuits Capable of Guiding a Miniature Vehicle
Authors: Bastien Jérôme
Published: December 2016

In contrast to traditional toy tracks, a patented system allows the creation of a large number of tracks with a minimal number of pieces, and whose loops always close properly. These circuits strongly resemble traditional self-avoiding polygons (whose explicit enumeration has not yet been resolved for an arbitrary number of squares) yet there are numerous differences, notably the fact that the geometric constraints are different than those of self-avoiding polygons. We present the methodology allowing the construction and enumeration of all of the possible tracks containing a given number of pieces. For small numbers of pieces, the exact enumeration will be treated. For greater numbers of pieces, only an estimation will be offered. In the latter case, a randomly construction of circuits is also given. We will give some routes for generalizations for similar problems.
The Maximum Queens Problem with Pawns
Authors: Chatham Doug
Published: December 2016

The classic n-queens problem asks for placements of just n mutually non-attacking queens on an n × n board. By adding enough pawns, we can arrange to fill roughly one-quarter of the board with mutually non-attacking queens. How many pawns do we need? We discuss that question for square boards as well as rectangular m × n boards.
Continuity and Change in the (New) Kosciuszko Foundation Dictionary
Authors: Adamska-Sałaciak Arleta
Published: December 2016

The Kościuszko Foundation Dictionary (KFD)1, the only bilingual dictionary between Polish and American English, first came out in 1959 (English-Polish volume) and 1961 (Polish-English volume). Between then and 1995, it was reprinted fourteen times, with the content completely intact. In 2003, The New Kosciuszko Foundation Dictionary (NKFD1) finally appeared, in two printed volumes accompanied by a CD. Originally intended as a straightforward update of KFD, it ended up being closer to a brand new dictionary, linked with its predecessor mainly through the title - a consequence of the continuing patronage of The Kosciuszko Foundation - and through its focus on American English. With around 133,000 main entries, it was, at the time of publication, the most comprehensive English-Polish, Polish-English dictionary in existence. A new, revised and enlarged edition (NKFD2) is about to be published soon, this time exclusively in digital form. Having been involved in the latter two projects - respectively, as editor of the English-Polish volume and editor-in-chief - the author examines the development of the dictionary, tracing the continuity and change in its three successive incarnations.
Price Determination for Educational Services Based on the Investments in Education
Authors: Blaga Radu Lucian , Blaga Alexandru
Published: December 2016

The study aims at highlighting the link between educational marketing (product/service and price determination for educational services) and investment in education, using empirical models and customization of classic approaches (interpolation method) addressed to individual educational investment.

The methodology discussed in the paper, considers essential invariants of these educational investments, such as seniority - part of the work experience and period of studies. In the models presented, the level and the period of studies are quantified through transferable credits, expressing units of time, normal volume of working alleged student learning. It is also used a parameter which introduces an essential element of the quality of work - the psycho-physical characteristics of the fellow that are correlated with age.

Empirical study materializes on developing, while testing and validation of the models show that the rate of return to investment in education is a rationale for individuals to decide investing in their education. The study offers some customized recommendation to improve reverse marketing price policy of the educational services.

The study results lead us to the conclusion that education providers (colleges, universities, other training entities) and clients should take into account that education is an investment. The private return of investment in education - as argument of educational marketing (price policy) is increasingly important in the context of a fragmentary and dynamic market, led by strong competition.
Specific Aspects of Unregistered Unemployment in the Western Part of Romania
Authors: Remes Eugen , Schebesch Klaus Bruno , Remes Cosmina , Deac Dan
Published: December 2016

The paper aims at highlighting a current phenomenon on the labour market in Romania, related to the existence of important categories of unemployed persons and looking for a job, but not registered in the statistics of state institutions dealing with unemployment.

The analysis is conducted in the area of western Romania (for the Arad, Bihor and Timis counties) and aims categories of unemployed people with different skill levels, which for different reasons, are not accounted for statistically.
Zur Zusammenarbeit von Rechtssoziologen und Justizpraktikern
Authors: Rasehorn Theo
Published: December 2016

Rechtssoziologen haben bei der Interaktion mit Justizpraktikern erhebliche Hürden, nahezu ein Minenfeld zu überwinden. Der Weg muß über die Rechtslehre mit ihrem von der Rechtssoziologie abweichenden Wissenschaftsbegriff gehen. Die Justizpraktiker, die Richter, wiederum verhalten sich gegenüber der Rechtslehre ambivalent und desinteressiert und erst recht gegenüber der Rechtssoziologie. Nur „reformengagierte“ Justizpraktiker zeigen sich zur Zusammenarbeit bereit. Die verschiedenen Ansätze werden anhand von Berichten über das Institut für Rechtstatsachenforschung Stuttgart und den Arbeitskreis für Rechtssoziologie Köln aufgezeigt.
Heart Rate, Technical Performance, and Session-RPE in Elite Youth Soccer Small-Sided Games Played With Wildcard Players
Authors: Sanchez-Sanchez Javier , Hernández Daniel , Casamichana David , Martínez-Salazar Cristian , Ramirez-Campillo Rodrigo , Sampaio Jaime
Published: December 2016

Sanchez-Sanchez, J, Hernández, D, Casamichana, D, Martínez-Salazar, C, Ramirez-Campillo, R, and Sampaio, J. Heart rate, technical performance, and session-RPE in elite youth soccer small-sided games played with wildcard players. J Strength Cond Res 31(10): 2678–2685, 2017—The aim of this study was to compare heart rate (HR), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and technical-tactical actions during small-sided games (SSGs) played without (CTR), with internal (IW), and with IW and external (IEW) wildcard players. A total of 22 young male soccer players (age 17.2 ± 0.9 years) randomly completed six 4vs4 SSG situations. The control conditions occurred with goals scored without goalkeeper (4vs4-NO) and with goalkeeper (4vs4-GK). During the experimental conditions, the situations incorporated 2 IW (4vs4+2IW-NO, 4vs4+2IW-GK) and 2 IEW (4vs4+2IW+2IEW-NO, 4vs4+2IW+2IEW-GK). Processed results did not include data from goalkeepers, IW, and IEW players. The HR was divided in intensity-zones (Z1, Z2, and Z3, for <80%, 80–90%, and >90% of maximal HR, respectively) and the analyzed technical-tactical actions were the pass, dribbling, collective success, and pause. The effects of IW and IEW were analyzed through repeated measures analysis of variance. During 4vs4+2IW+2IEW-NO, greater time was recorded in Z1 (p ≤ 0.05) compared with 4vs4-NO and 4s4+2IW-NO. During 4vs4+2IW+2IEW-GK, greater time was recorded in Z1 and less in Z3 (p ≤ 0.05) compared with 4vs4-GK. Greater RPE was reported in 4vs4-NO (p < 0.01) and 4vs4+2IW-NO (p < 0.01) compared with 4vs4+2IW+2IEW-NO, and during 4vs4-GK (p < 0.01) than 4vs4+2IW+2IEW-GK. Greater number of dribbling situations were recorded during 4vs4-NO (p ≤ 0.05) compared with 4vs4+2IW+2IEW-NO. In conclusion, compared with the control condition of 4vs4, the incorporation of IEW reduced HR, RPE, and dribbling actions.
Prediction of Overuse Injuries in Professional U18-U21 Footballers Using Metrics of Training Distance and Intensity
Authors: Bacon Christopher S. , Mauger Alexis R.
Published: December 2016

Bacon, CS and Mauger, AR. Prediction of overuse injuries in professional U18-U21 footballers using metrics of training distance and intensity. J Strength Cond Res 31(11): 3067–3076, 2017—The most common injury in professional football is an overuse injury to the lower limb. A significant external risk factor of this injury is the mismanagement of training and match loads. The aim of the current study was to examine the predictability of overuse injuries in professional youth soccer players using volume and intensity variables derived from Global Positioning Systems. A total of 41 players (age: 17.8 ± 1.1 years) training and match loads were assessed. These external loads were measured over 2 competitive seasons for every training session and match for each individual. A linear regression was used to test the predictability of the injury based on load, which were grouped using loading groups calculated from squad weekly averages. The load groupings assigned were: low load = 1 SD below the squad mean score; normal load = ±1 SD from the squad mean; high load = 1 SD above squad mean. The analysis demonstrated that total distance significantly predicted overuse injury incidence rates (F
1,39 = 6.482, p = 0.015), whereas high-speed running meters could not (F
1,39 = 1.003, p = 0.323). This study demonstrated that distance covered in training and matches can impact on the incidence of overuse injury in youth soccer players. Coaches should seek to monitor player training loads and incorporate this metric into their decision making for protecting players from overuse injury.
Activin promotes skin carcinogenesis by attraction and reprogramming of macrophages
Authors: Antsiferova Maria , Piwko‐Czuchra Aleksandra , Cangkrama Michael , Wietecha Mateusz , Sahin Dilara , Birkner Katharina , Amann Valerie C , Levesque Mitchell , Hohl Daniel , Dummer Reinhard , Werner Sabine
Published: December 2016

Activin has emerged as an important player in different types of cancer, but the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. We show here that activin overexpression is an early event in murine and human skin tumorigenesis. This is functionally important, since activin promoted skin tumorigenesis in mice induced by the human papillomavirus 8 oncogenes. This was accompanied by depletion of epidermal γδ T cells and accumulation of regulatory T cells. Most importantly, activin increased the number of skin macrophages via attraction of blood monocytes, which was prevented by depletion of CCR2‐positive monocytes. Gene expression profiling of macrophages from pre‐tumorigenic skin and bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that activin induces a gene expression pattern in skin macrophages that resembles the phenotype of tumor‐associated macrophages in different malignancies, thereby promoting angiogenesis, cell migration and proteolysis. The functional relevance of this finding was demonstrated by antibody‐mediated depletion of macrophages, which strongly suppressed activin‐induced skin tumor formation. These results demonstrate that activin induces skin carcinogenesis via attraction and reprogramming of macrophages and identify novel activin targets involved in tumor formation.
Gene expression signature: a powerful approach for drug discovery in diabetes
Authors: Sithara Smithamol , Crowley Tamsyn M , Walder Ken , Aston-Mourney Kathryn
Published: December 2016

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing in prevalence at an alarming rate around the world. Much effort has gone into the discovery and design of antidiabetic drugs; however, those already available are unable to combat the underlying causes of the disease and instead only moderate the symptoms. The reason for this is that T2D is a complex disease, and attempts to target one biological pathway are insufficient to combat the full extent of the disease. Additionally, the underlying pathophysiology of this disease is yet to be fully elucidated making it difficult to design drugs that target the mechanisms involved. Therefore, the approach of designing new drugs aimed at a specific molecular target is not optimal and a more expansive, unbiased approach is required. In this review, we will look at the current state of diabetes treatments and how these target the disease symptoms but are unable to combat the underlying causes. We will also review how the technique of gene expression signatures (GESs) has been used successfully for other complex diseases and how this may be applied as a powerful tool for the discovery of new drugs for T2D.
Aspectos básicos del paisaje geográfico: una aproximación didáctica para la reducción del riesgo en la comunidad y el centro educativo
Authors: Solano Quesada Carlos A.
Published: December 2016

La relación entre paisaje geográfico, condiciones geomorfológicas, ordenamiento del territorio y gestión de riesgo es muy estrecha. Los grupos humanos se han asentado sobre una superficie que guarda sus propias especificaciones físicas y ambientales. De ahí que, son de vital importancia los estudios y las investigaciones de tipo geográfico e histórico para diseñar políticas de ordenamiento territorial, como acción preventiva y generadora de mecanismos eficaces para la reducción significativa de las vulnerabilidades y las amenazas derivadas de la ocurrencia de eventos naturales. La gestión comunitaria para la reducción del riesgo es indispensable, cada vez se hace más evidente que la sociedad no organizada es más vulnerable y susceptible al impacto perjudicial de los desastres, independientemente de su origen. La gestión del riesgo en las instituciones educativas es una necesidad imperante, si se considera que muchas de estas se encuentran en zonas que presentan situaciones geoambientales y sociales desfavorables para la seguridad de la comunidad educativa.
Molecular targeted treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer: the cardiovascular adverse effects of Bevacizumab and Cetuximab
Authors: Gherman Alexandra , Căinap Călin , Constantin Anne-Marie , Cetean Sînziana , Căinap Simona Sorana
Published: December 2016

Novel emerging therapies have changed paradigms in metastatic colorectal cancer. The advantages of molecular targeted treatments, either the anti-angiogenic or the anti-epidermal growth factor receptor drugs, reside in the fact that while their specificity for the cancer cell is higher, their toxicity on normal tissues is significantly lower when compared to chemotherapy. But when it comes to their safety, especially from a cardiovascular point of view, they still need to pass the test of time and further prospective studies are needed. Clinical trial patients are very well selected with regards to comorbidities and therefore, they often differ from real-life patients. In order to maximize the benefits from these drugs, we need to better identify the population at risk, understand and early diagnose their on- and off-target adverse effects and to adequately choose the diagnostic tools; with a better prevention and early treatment, the quality and quantity of our patients’ lives can be significantly improved.
Improving Pediatric Asthma Outcomes in a Community Emergency Department
Authors: Walls Theresa A. , Hughes Naomi T. , Mullan Paul C. , Chamberlain James M. , Brown Kathleen
Published: December 2016

BACKGROUND:

Asthma triggers >775 000 emergency department (ED) visits for children each year. Approximately 80% of these visits occur in community EDs. We performed this study to measure effects of partnership with a community ED on pediatric asthma care.

METHODS:

For this quality improvement initiative, we implemented an evidence-based pediatric asthma guideline in a community ED. We included patients whose clinical impression in the medical decision section of the electronic health record contained the words asthma, bronchospasm, or wheezing. We reviewed charts of included patients 12 months before guideline implementation (August 2012–July 2013) and 19 months after guideline implementation (August 2013–February 2015). Process measures included the proportion of children who had an asthma score recorded, the proportion who received steroids, and time to steroid administration. The outcome measure was the proportion of children who needed transfer for additional care.

RESULTS:

In total, 724 patients were included, 289 during the baseline period and 435 after guideline implementation. Overall, 64% of patients were assigned an asthma score after guideline implementation. During the baseline period, 60% of patients received steroids during their ED visit, compared with 76% after guideline implementation (odds ratio 2.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.6–3.0). After guideline implementation, the mean time to steroids decreased significantly, from 196 to 105 minutes (P < .001). Significantly fewer patients needed transfer after guideline implementation (10% compared with 14% during the baseline period) (odds ratio 0.63; 95% confidence interval, 0.40–0.99).

CONCLUSIONS:

Our study shows that partnership between a pediatric tertiary care center and a community ED is feasible and can improve pediatric asthma care.
Differences in MRSA prevalence and resistance patterns in a tertiary center before and after joining an international program for surveillance of antimicrobial resistance
Authors: Djuric Olivera , Jovanovic Snezana , Stosovic Branka , Tosic Tanja , Jovanovic Milica , Nartey Naomi , Todorovic Jovana , Markovic-Denic Ljiljana
Published: December 2016

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) emerged as one of the most important causes of hospital-acquired bloodstream infections (BSIs), especially the multidrug resistant clones. The aim of the present study was to compare prevalence and resistance patterns of MRSA bacteremia in the major tertiary-care academic and referral center in Serbia before and after implementing an active antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance. Laboratory-based before-after study was conducted during a two-year period (January 2012 to December 2013) in Clinical Centre of Serbia. Isolation and identification of bacterial strains were done following standard microbiological procedures. During the AMR surveillance, nearly twice more bloodstream samples were collected compared to the year without surveillance (1,528 vs. 855). In total, 43 isolates of MRSA were identified. MRSA was significantly more prevalent during the AMR surveillance compared to the previous year [14 (66.7%) to 29 (76.3%); P = 0.046]. During the AMR surveillance, MRSA more frequently originated from medical departments compared to intensive care unit, surgical department, and internal medicine (P = 0.027) indicating increasing MRSA infections in patients with less severe clinical condition and no apparent risk factors. Higher prevalence of MRSA and its lower susceptibility to erythromycin were revealed by implementation of active AMR surveillance, which may reflect more thoughtful collection of bloodstream samples from patients with suspected BSI.
Brexit: The end or the beginning of a long road
Authors: Váradi Balázs H. , Várnai Tímea , Virág Barnabás
Published: December 2016

Globalisation and the loosening of credit conditions have led to an increase in income and wealth inequalities in the developed economies. The 2008–2009 crisis has forced a deleveraging process, leading to a prolonged recovery due to further demand cuts. The protracted economic problems and the inadequate management of economic policy in the EU increased social discontent that may have eventually contributed to Brexit. The short- and long-run impacts of the decision are difficult to judge, given that the details of the exit process cannot yet be known. Currently, there is a consensus among analysts that the negative economic effects could be greater in the UK in the short term. However, in the longer term, the UK may benefit from a potentially more flexible economic policy framework, while socio-political and economic risks are imposed on the European economy by the secondary effects due to its structural problems and the uncertain future of its institutional system.

As a small open economy, Hungary highly depends on the economic performance of its foreign trade partners. We have found that the economic impact of Brexit on Hungary remains moderate. Among the direct channels, the foreign trade channel may be the dominant. Meanwhile, the reduction of EU funds and remittances will affect the Hungarian growth only modestly. Hungary’s vulnerability has improved substantially since the 2008–2009 crisis. Accordingly, potential secondround effects of Brexit may remain subdued and be mitigated through substantial room for manoeuvre for economic policies.
Brexit: Reasons and challenges
Authors: Somai Miklós , Biedermann Zsuzsánna
Published: December 2016

This paper reviews the deeper societal and economic reasons behind the British choice of leaving the European Union. We address the detailed results of the referendum and the long-standing sceptical British attitude towards European integration; next, we analyse the net budgetary contribution that changed enormously after the Eastern Enlargement. It is argued that the rise in the immigrantnative ratio had a significant impact on employee’s pay level in certain areas, therefore pro-Brexit campaigners highlighted migration as one of the major problems arising from EU membership. Increasing income and wealth inequalities and a growing anti-elite sentiment in British society, coupled with the negative image of Brussels bureaucrats and a British approach to the rule of law that is fundamentally different from the continental one, also contributed to the final result of the referendum. Our analysis ends with a glimpse into the close future, emphasising that the future of British-EU relations depends wholly on the pragmatism and wisdom of the negotiating parties.
Correction of physical education program for technical higher educational establishment girl-students on the base of their health indicators
Authors: Kolumbet A.N. , Dudorova L.Yu.
Published: December 2016

Purpose: to illustrate opportunities of physical education in health strengthening of technical HEE girl-students through correction of their biological age components. Material: 127 girl-students participated in the research. Results : the authors’ program of biological age correction permitted to increase breathing pauses, hand strength, time of static balance and reduce blood pressure. Knowledge of biological age and mechanisms of too early ageing facilitates practicing healthy life style and formation of body-motor conditions. We offered trainings of biological age correction’ methodic, oriented on prophylaxis of organism’s ageing, reduction of biological age and prolongation girl-students’ active life. Conclusions: specially determined biological age of an individual can be used as integral characteristic of his/her health condition.
Dual professional focus clinical case processed in an interprofessional postgraduate case seminar: Experiences from participants and the perceptions of a professional observer
Authors: Nilsson Andreas , Szabó Zoltán , Harangi Márta , Davidsson Bo
Published: December 2016

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. Background: Inadequate communication between professionals in operating theaters results in impaired medical performance or even in critical events. Interprofessional case seminars, however, can enhance team communication by promoting a deeper understanding of complex situations. Our aim was to evaluate how an interprofessional case seminar using a dual professional focus case in anesthesiology was perceived by the participants. Method: A case seminar was held for 20 nurse anesthetists enrolled in a postgraduate course and for six anesthesiology residents. Transcripts of the case were distributed in advance for individual study and group discussion. The evaluation was based on the responses provided by participants who completed a semistructured questionnaire and from the perceptions of a professional observer. Results: Twenty participants completed the questionnaire; 53% of the respondents had previous experience with case methodology, and 89 different statements were obtained. Of these, 48% were positive and 11% were negative. The remaining 40% of the statements related to previous experiences with case methodology and to suggested improvements. The positive statements proposed that case methodologies are suitable for sensitive issues and beneficial for meetings and exchanges between different professionals. Negative statements focused instead on lack of time, overly large groups, too much speculation, and inadequate preparation or presentations by the participants. Conclusion: Interprofessional case seminars using a dual professional focus may be suitable for postgraduate education in anesthesia. This technique may improve interprofessional communication and may call attention to the importance of soft issues, such as ethics, communication, organization, and leadership in addition to that of the medical dimension.
Effect of mineral admixtures on sulfate resistance of mortars under electrical field
Authors: Huang Qian , Wang Chong , Luo Chaoqun , Yang Changhui , Luo Yaoling , Xie Huan
Published: December 2016

This paper presents a study on sulfate resistance of mortars blended with and without silica fume or fly ash under electrical field. Performance of the mortars was determined by various means such as visual examination, sulfate concentration, flexural and compressive strength, as well as mineralogical analysis. The results showed that electrical field accelerated the deterioration induced by sulfate attack, as it sped up the ingress of sulfate ions into the mortar. The use of mineral admixtures improved the sulfate resistance of mortars. However, a relatively great amount of migrated sulfate as well as expansive sulfate products (gypsum and ettringite) were still found in the blended cement mortars under the electrical field, for which their deterioration was also notable. Therefore, the electrical field also accelerated sulfate attack on the mortars blended with mineral admixtures.
Model study of biostability of DPPC layers deposited by LB/LS on Ti–6Al–4V alloy
Authors: Yan Yingdi , Szczes Aleksandra , Chibowski Emil
Published: December 2016

This paper reports surface property research on bare Ti–6Al–4V alloy covered with 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC), which is the main component of cell membranes. The monolayer and bilayer of the phospholipid were deposited by the Langmuir–Blodgett (LB)/Langmuir–Schaefer (LS) technique, and their biostability was investigated in water, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), simulated body fluid (SBF) and 1% Triton X-100 aqueous solution at 37°C. Moreover, their biostability is compared with that of films prepared by spreading method. The surface free energy changes calculated by Lifshitz–van der Waals/acid–base and contact angle hysteresis measurement are consistent with the changes in surface roughness obtained by optical profilometry. The films prepared by both methods were relatively stable in water. PBS and SBF solutions caused large effects in the change in the layers’ polar component – that is, the electron donor parameter. Also, significant changes took place when Triton X-100 solution was applied, probably because of the DPPC film removal by the surfactant. Finally, it appeared that no drastic differences in the energy changes were observed between the DPPC layers dried overnight in a vacuum desiccator and those dipped into the SBF solution immediately after their deposition on Ti–6Al–4V alloy by the LB/LS method.
Unidirectional droplet motion on crosswise-striped surface
Authors: Gątarski Bartłomiej , Nowicki Waldemar
Published: December 2016

The behaviour of a droplet settled on an energetically heterogeneous surface is studied by simulation and simplified analytical methods. The surface energy inhomogeneities are represented by a pattern of a series of parallel stripes of monotonically increasing width and two different contact angles. The isotropic random forces acting on the droplet induce a highly asymmetric movement of the droplet. The observed shift of the droplet is perpendicular to the stripes and directed towards decreasing width of the stripes. The system behavior described as a series of droplet positions and morphologies in local stationary states is studied by means of simulations with a finite-element method performed by the Surface Evolver program. The influence of chosen system parameters on the droplet trajectory is considered, including the details of the surface pattern, the fluctuation temperature, the surface and line tensions. The influence of model parameters on the trajectory of the droplet is discussed. A simple analytical model explaining the droplet translocation is proposed.
Genomic Analysis of Kidney Allograft Injury Identifies Hematopoietic Cell Kinase as a Key Driver of Renal Fibrosis
Authors: Wei Chengguo , Li Li , Menon Madhav C. , Zhang Weijia , Fu Jia , Kidd Brian , Keung Karen L. , Woytovich Christopher , Greene Ilana , Xiao Wenzhen , Salem Fadi , Yi Zhengzi , He John Cijiang , Dudley Joel T. , Murphy Barbara
Published: December 2016

Renal fibrosis is the common pathway of progression for patients with CKD and chronic renal allograft injury (CAI), but the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. We performed a meta-analysis in human kidney biopsy specimens with CAI, incorporating data available publicly and from our Genomics of Chronic Renal Allograft Rejection study. We identified an Src family tyrosine kinase, hematopoietic cell kinase (Hck), as upregulated in allografts in CAI. Querying the Kinase Inhibitor Resource database revealed that dasatinib, a Food and Drug Administration–approved drug, potently binds Hck with high selectivity. In vitro, Hck overexpression activated the TGF-β/Smad3 pathway, whereas HCK knockdown inhibited it. Treatment of tubular cells with dasatinib reduced the expression of Col1a1. Dasatinib also reduced proliferation and α-SMA expression in fibroblasts. In a murine model with unilateral ureteric obstruction, pretreatment with dasatinib significantly reduced the upregulation of profibrotic markers, phosphorylation of Smad3, and renal fibrosis observed in kidneys pretreated with vehicle alone. Dasatinib treatment also improved renal function, reduced albuminuria, and inhibited expression of profibrotic markers in animal models with lupus nephritis and folic acid nephropathy. These data suggest that Hck is a key mediator of renal fibrosis and dasatinib could be developed as an antifibrotic drug.
Modellierung manueller Arbeit an bewegten Objekten
Authors: Komenda Titanilla , Malisa Viktorio , Leidholdt Wolfgang
Published: December 2016

Digitale Menschmodelle werden bereits zur präventiven, ergonomischen Absicherung von manuellen Tätigkeiten herangezogen. Bislang beschränkt sich der Funktionsumfang dieser Modelle jedoch auf die Analyse von Arbeiten an statischen Objekten. Die simulationsbasierte Verrichtung von Arbeiten an bewegten Objekten ist besonders im Rahmen einer simulationsgestützten Planung kollaborativer Szenarien von Interesse. Im Beitrag werden relevante Einflussfaktoren für manuelle Arbeiten an bewegten Objekten definiert, auf deren Basis Modelle für die Simulation von Mensch-Maschine-Kollaboration weiterentwickelt werden können.
Schrittweitensteuerung für PFD-Berechnungen
Authors: Geib Bernhard
Published: December 2016

Um die Verlässlichkeit eines Automatisierungssystems anhand konkreter Gütemaße, wie Lebensdauer, Verfügbarkeit, Ausfallwahrscheinlichkeit oder SIL-Klassifizierung, präzise beurteilen zu können, bedarf es einer allgemein gültigen Methodik zur Analyse des dynamischen Zustandsverhaltens der in Wechselwirkung stehenden Komponentenausfälle oder Fehlerzustände. Im Beitrag werden neben den Methoden der Modellbildung und der Herleitung des algorithmischen Berechnungsverfahrens auch die Entwurfsmuster für eine rechnergestützte Systemanalyse beschrieben. Der Schwerpunkt liegt dabei auf der Numerik. Durch die Modifikation bestehender Ansätze sowie eine vorteilhafte Schrittweitensteuerung in Abhängigkeit des Konvergenz- und Stabilitätsverhaltens lässt sich eine wesentliche Verbesserung gegenüber bisherigen Berechnungen erzielen. Dies insbesondere auch dann, wenn eine sehr große Anzahl von Fehlerzuständen, ein sehr großes Zeit- beziehungsweise Prüfintervall, stark differierende Fehler- und Reparaturraten oder gar konkrete Genauigkeitsvorgaben im Fokus der Betrachtung stehen. Anhand von zwei Anwendungsbeispielen wird dies demonstriert.
Modern foreign investigations of difficulties in understanding of texts among primary school pupils
Authors: Sanina S.P. , Enzhevskaya M.V.
Published: December 2016

In the article, the reader can observe the experience taken from foreign publications that focus on the problems of teaching primary school pupils how to understand the texts, which is one of the most important universal competences in the educational process. The author studied and analyzed the investigations of American, Finnish, Canadian, Chinese and other scientists in this field. The author found out that during the latest half of the century the quality of reading among pupils has dramatically decreased and has a tendency to get even worse. The most attention in the article was paid to the investigations that demonstrate the possible causes of incorrect reading and understanding of the informative texts among pupils. Among the causes there are: the difficulty of the text that influences the understanding of it, using different methods of teaching how to read the text, the control and evaluation of reading skills etc. In the article there are enlisted the factors that contribute to the better understanding of texts. There are also mentioned some strategies of coping with problems and forming the good reading skills. The scientific works that are mentioned in the article have a great importance in the theory and practice of pedagogical science, as the ability to understand the text correctly is not only important for successful educational process at school, but is also an essential ability in life
The interrelation between mindfulness and subjective well-being
Authors: Zelikson D.I.
Published: December 2016

The article considers the phenomenon of mindfulness and its relationship to subjective well-being. The main objective of the study was the empirical confirmation of the relationship between mindfulness and components of hedonic model of subjective well-being. To this end, we held a correlation study with the participation of 94 men and 137 women (average age totaled 27.35 years). The participants filled out a questionnaire “Scale of life satisfaction” by E. Dinera, questionnaire" Mindfulness and awareness” as well as a modified version of the questionnaire "Scale differential emotions". A positive relationship of mindfulness and positive emotions, life satisfaction and the ratio of positive and negative emotions. We detected the negative relationship of negative emotions and mindfulness with life satisfaction. The obtained results are in good agreement with earlier studies and suggest that there exists an interaction between emotional and cognitive processes
A non-randomized prospective study of the blood sparing effect of tranexamic acid in total knee replacement
Authors: Gupta Anand , Nagla Ashok , Tantuway Vinay , Gupta Rishi , Patel Vivek , Bhambani Pawan
Published: December 2016

Background: Several techniques are available to minimize the likelihood of blood transfusion following total knee arthroplasty. Tranexamic acid, an inhibitor of fibrinolysis that blocks the lysine-binding site of plasminogen to fibrin has been reported to reduce intraoperative and postoperative blood loss in patients undergoing total hip and total knee arthroplasties with or without cement. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of antifibrinolytic treatment along with other measures like saline adrenaline infusion, no drain, no tourniquet and hypotensive anaesthesia in reducing perioperative blood loss during total knee replacement.

Methods: Between January 2011 to January 2016,  seventy five consecutive patients who had given written informed consent, undergoing a TKR received tranexamic acid 15 mg/kg body weight intravenous 5 minutes before the skin incision and two doses afterwards (3 and 6 hours after the first dose respectively). TKR was performed in a routine fashion without tourniquet. The saline adrenaline (1:200000) was infiltrated into the skin subcutaneous tissue and capsule before skin incision. A routine closure was carried out without drain. Total blood loss including the hidden blood loss was calculated. All patients were monitored for anemia and postoperative thromboembolic complications.

Results: The average total blood loss in study group is 433 ± 148 ml. This is much lesser than what other studies have reported. Mean reduction in hemoglobin levels (gm/dl) between preoperative and postoperative readings is 1.6 gm/dl. One patient had a postoperative DVT which was treated with rivaroxaban 20 mg OD for 6 weeks (oral anticoagulant).

Conclusions: Antifibrinolytic agents like tranexamic acid used along with other measures reported in this study produces a significant decrease in blood loss in patients undergoing total knee replacement.
Современные возможности оценки кредитного риска при ипотечном жилищном кредитовании
Authors: Лозинская Агата Максимовна
Published: December 2016

Величина кредитного риска во многом определяет требования к размеру активов, взвешенных по уровню риска, и к величине резервов на возможные потери по ссудам, а, следовательно, и к достаточности собственного капитала банка. Этим обуславливается повышенный интерес со стороны банковского сообщества к повышению качества оценки кредитного риска для различных сегментов кредитного рынка, в том числе в рамках подхода, основанного на внутренних рейтингах банков (IRB-подход). В статье обсуждаются современные возможности оценки основных компонентов кредитного риска при ипотечном жилищном кредитовании. Отмечается активное развитие инструментов количественного анализа данных, включая эконометрический подход, который превалирует в академической литературе по проблеме исследования и входит в число перспективных направлений развития систем ипотечного андеррайтинга коммерческих банков. Данная работа основана на результатах проекта № 14-5352, поддержанного the Economics Education and Research Consortium Inc. (EERC) при финансовой поддержке the Global Development Network. Положения настоящей статьи отражают исключительно экспертное мнение автора и не могут восприниматься как позиция the Eurasia Foundation, the US Agency for International Development, the World Bank Institution, the Global Development Network или the Government of Sweden.
Индивидуальный инвестиционный счет: тенденции и перспективы развития
Authors: Вильданов Аяз Илгизович
Published: December 2016

Статья посвящена тенденциям и перспективам развития ИИС. В ней подробно рассматриваются основные проблемы и недостатки программы, которые связаны со злоупотреблением инвесторами возможностью открывать ИИС без зачисления денег. Во введении описаны предпосылки возникновения и актуальность государственной программы. А также ИИС рассмотрен, как синтетический продукт. Основная часть статьи направлена на описание проблем ИИС, которые связаны со злоупотреблением инвесторами возможностью открывать счета без зачисления денег. Далее предложены пути решения этих проблем. В статье есть предложение по формированию инвестиционного портфеля. В заключительной части статьи выделены перспективы развития программы и направления, изучение которых может ускорить процесс развития ИИС.
VPIN как мера ликвидности, волатильности и информации в биржевой динамике цен
Authors: Чуприянов Максим Вадимович
Published: December 2016

В микроструктуре финансовых рынков для измерения информационной асимметрии используются последовательные торговые модели, основанные на дисбалансе потока заявок. В данной работе проведен анализ индикатора токсичности потока заявок, скорректированный на условия высокочастотных торгов VPIN, возникший на базе модели Easley, Kiefer, O'Hara, and Paperman (1996) определения вероятности информированной торговли, PIN. Настоящая работа отвечает на следующий вопрос: действительно ли метрика VPIN является подходящей прокси для нахождения информационной асимметрии? В ходе исследования была протестирована предсказательная сила индикатора VPIN, несмещенность показателя на основе корреляции с торговой интенсивностью, волатильностью объемов и индексом волатильности VIX, причинная зависимость индикатора на основной (CME) и ведомой (BM&FBOVESPA) торговой площадке. Результаты показали, что VPIN отрицательно коррелирует с торговой интенсивностью, положительно – с индексом волатильности VIX, дневным объемом и неоднородностью объемов. Индикатор VPIN имеет слабую предсказательную силу для нахождения будущей краткосрочной волатильности. На ведомой бирже не может самостоятельно генерироваться информационная асимметрия, ее возникновение – это следствие информационной асимметрии на основной площадке, соответственно, индикатор VPIN отражает не асимметрию информации, а волатильность объемов.
Behaviours and working strategies judged useful for improving the quality of higher education: Results of chemistry students’ judgments at the Faculty of Science Ben M’sik-Casablanca
Authors: Osma Islam , RADID Mohamed
Published: December 2016

In this study, we are mainly interested in the level of students’ satisfaction about their courses quality, as well as thedifferent strategies judged useful by students to improve higher education. A total of 302 chemistry students of differentlevels from the first year to the Master participated in this survey; they are between 18 and 28 years. The analysis of theresults shows that student’s dissatisfaction is patent and the teachers are not interested enough to motivate their students.For this, students can engage in personal actions to improve their general culture, to expand their field of knowledge andimprove their chances of employment. Keywords: Quality of teaching, chemistry students’ motivation, behaviours and working strategies, Moroccan university.
The contribution of free reading to students’ writing proficiency in EFL
Authors: Stoian Claudia Elena
Published: December 2016

Many factors contribute to students’ writing proficiency. This paper intends to find out whether free reading is one of them. A group of Romanian students of English as a foreign language has been tested for their amount of free reading and writing proficiency. Students’ scores on the two tasks have been compared by calculating the Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient. The degree of covariance obtained is quite weak, showing no significant relationship between free reading and writing proficiency. However, the coefficients of all the variables observed are higher than zero, which can imply that reading is important in acquiring a (foreign) language. The paper concludes by suggesting possible ways for EFL teachers to stimulate students’ interest in free reading. Keywords: English as a foreign language; free reading; writing proficiency;