bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What do we do with model simulation crashes? Recommendations for global sensitivity analysis of earth and environmental systems models
Authors: Sheikholeslami Razi , Razavi Saman , Haghnegahdar Amin
Published: February 2019

Abstract. Complex, software-intensive, technically advanced, and computationally demanding models, presumably with ever-growing realism and fidelity, have been widely used to simulate and predict the dynamics of the Earth and environmental systems. The parameter-induced simulation crash (failure) problem is typical across most of these models, despite considerable efforts that modellers have directed at model development and implementation over the last few decades. A simulation failure mainly occurs due to the violation of the numerical stability conditions, non-robust numerical implementations, or errors in programming. However, the existing sampling-based analysis techniques such as global sensitivity analysis (GSA) methods, which require running these models under many configurations of parameter values, are ill-equipped to effectively deal with model failures. To tackle this problem, we propose a novel approach that allows users to cope with failed designs (samples) during the GSA, without knowing where they took place and without re-running the entire experiment. This approach deems model crashes as missing data and uses strategies such as median substitution, single nearest neighbour, or response surface modelling to fill in for model crashes. We test the proposed approach on a 10-paramter HBV-SASK rainfall-runoff model and a 111-parameter MESH land surface-hydrology model. Our results show that response surface modelling is a superior strategy, out of the data filling strategies tested, and can scale well to the dimensionality of the model, sample size, and the ratio of number of failures to the sample size. Further, we conduct a "failure analysis" and discuss some possible causes of the MESH model failure.
The importance of better mapping of stream networks using high resolution digital elevation models – upscaling from watershed scale to regional and national scales
Authors: Ågren Anneli M. , Lidberg William
Published: February 2019

Abstract. Headwaters make up the majority of any given stream network, yet, they are poorly mapped. A solution to this is to model the stream networks from a high resolution digital elevation model. Selecting the correct stream initiation threshold is key, but how do you do that on a national scale across physiographic regions? Here the Swedish landscape is used as a test bench to investigate how the mapping of small stream channels (
Capturing soil-water and groundwater interactions with an iterative feedback coupling scheme: new HYDRUS package for MODFLOW
Authors: Zeng Jicai , Yang Jinzhong , Zha Yuanyuan , Shi Liangsheng
Published: February 2019

Abstract. Accurately capturing the complex soil-water and groundwater interactions is
vital for describing the coupling between subsurface–surface–atmospheric
systems in regional-scale models. The nonlinearity of Richards' equation (RE)
for water flow, however, introduces numerical complexity to large
unsaturated–saturated modeling systems. An alternative is to use quasi-3-D
methods with a feedback coupling scheme to practically join sub-models with
different properties, such as governing equations, numerical scales,
and dimensionalities. In this work, to reduce the nonlinearity in the coupling
system, two different forms of RE are switched according to the soil-water
content at each numerical node. A rigorous multi-scale water balance analysis
is carried out at the phreatic interface to link the soil-water and
groundwater models at separated spatial and temporal scales. For problems
with dynamic groundwater flow, the nontrivial coupling errors introduced by
the saturated lateral fluxes are minimized with a moving-boundary approach.
It is shown that the developed iterative feedback coupling scheme results in
significant error reduction and is numerically efficient for capturing
drastic flow interactions at the water table, especially with dynamic local
groundwater flow. The coupling scheme is developed into a new HYDRUS package
for MODFLOW, which is applicable to regional-scale problems.
IMMERSIVE WAYFINDING: VIRTUAL RECONSTRUCTION AND EYE-TRACKING FOR ORIENTATION STUDIES INSIDE COMPLEX ARCHITECTURE
Authors: Bianconi F. , Filippucci M. , Felicini N.
Published: January 2019

Abstract. The study presents a process of digital simulation that aims to investigate the legibility of multiple spaces in a complex architecture through architectural survey, virtual reconstruction and 3D visualization in immersive environment. The collaboration between two research institutions, one Italian and the other Chinese, developed a reconstruction of a building in the campus of the Tsinghua University of Beijing using digital tools, in order to understand the behaviours during the fruition of that space. Digital simulation in the visibility theme guarantees the possibility of testing multiple configurations and showing the impacts of the different environmental hypothesis.
INTEGRATED 3D SURVEY AND DIAGNOSTIC ANALYSIS FOR THE BUILDING ENGINEERING: THE FORMER KINDERGARTEN SAN FILIPPO NERI IN DALMINE
Authors: Azzola P. , Cardaci A. , Versaci A.
Published: January 2019

Abstract. The paper aims to emphasise the positive contribution that the 3D laser scanning and digital photogrammetry survey, integrated with diagnostic analysis techniques, can make in the field of construction engineering. The case study of the former kindergarten San Filippo Neri in Dalmine intends to contribute to the development of methodologies and operational tools related to the knowledge and conservation of modern and contemporary heritage. After archival research aimed at retracing the building's technical-constructive evolution, the study was extended out through the metric and morphological survey of both its external walls and internal spaces, paying special attention to the analysis of the deformations of the large horizontal surfaces, such as floors and ceilings. Diagnostic investigations – thermographic and microclimatic – have completed the survey campaign, so allowed to read both the envelope and the substance of the building, and to identify the critical issues. This work adopts and shows the correct glide slope to succeed in an adaptive reuse project in which the design stage can result solely from the in-depth study of the building.
THE SUITABILITY OF TERRESTRIAL LASER SCANNING FOR BUILDING SURVEY AND MAPPING APPLICATIONS
Authors: Russhakim N. A. S. , Ariff M. F. M. , Majid Z. , Idris K. M. , Darwin N. , Abbas M. A. , Zainuddin K. , Yusoff A. R.
Published: January 2019

Abstract. The popularity of Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) has been introduced into a field of surveying and has increased dramatically especially in producing the 3D model of the building. The used of terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) is becoming rapidly popular because of its ability in several applications, especially the ability to observe complex documentation of complex building and observe millions of point cloud in three-dimensional in a short period. Users of building plan usually find it difficult to translate the traditional two-dimensional (2D) data on maps they see on a flat piece of paper to three-dimensional (3D). The TLS is able to record thousands of point clouds which contains very rich of geometry details and made the processing usually takes longer time. In addition, the demand of building survey work has made the surveyors need to obtain the data with full of accuracy and time saves. Therefore, the aim of this study is to study the limitation uses of TLS and its suitability for building survey and mapping. In this study, the efficiency of TLS Leica C10 for building survey was determined in term of its accuracy and comparing with Zeb-Revo Handheld Mobile Laser Scanning (MLS) and the distometer. The accuracy for scanned data from both, TLS and MLS were compared with the Distometer by using root mean square error (RMSE) formula. Then, the 3D model of the building for both data, TLS and MLS were produced to analyze the visualization for different type of scanners. The software used; Autodesk Recap, Autodesk Revit, Leica Cyclone Software, Autocad Software and Geo Slam Software. The RMSE for TLS technique is 0.001 m meanwhile, RMSE for MLS technique is 0.007 m. The difference between these two techniques is 0.006 m. The 3D model of building for both models did not have too much different but the scanned data from TLS is much easier to process and generate the 3D model compared to scanned data from MLS. It is because the scanned data from TLS comes with an image, while none from MLS scanned data. There are limitations of TLS for building survey such as water and glass window but this study proved that acquiring data by TLS is better than using MLS.
3D IMAGE BASED GEOMETRIC DOCUMENTATION OF A MEDIEVAL FORTRESS
Authors: Tapinaki S. , Skamantzari M. , Chliverou R. , Evgenikou V. , Konidi A. M. , Ioannatou E. , Mylonas A. , Georgopoulos A.
Published: January 2019

Abstract. The detailed and thorough documentation of monuments is a rather complex process that requires the application of the best available state of the art techniques in order to preserve, restore, promote and make cultural heritage accessible to the public. This paper presents the 3D Geometric Documentation of a part of the medieval fortress of Chios, focussing in particular on the practical challenges which the object presented. The case study is a part of the fortified construction, consisting of a bastion, a watch tower on top of this bastion and a significant part of its walls with a surface of about 1053 m2 in total. The goal of the survey was to produce an accurate 3D detailed textured model and a series of coloured orthophotos and 2D vector drawings. The documentation methods employed included close-range automated photogrammetry and image-based modelling, terrestrial laser scanning and topographic surveys, an ideal combination of methods.
IMAGE RECORDING CHALLENGES FOR PHOTOGRAMMETRIC CONSTRUCTION SITE MONITORING
Authors: Vincke S. , Bassier M. , Vergauwen M.
Published: January 2019

Abstract. Construction site monitoring and progress monitoring is becoming increasingly popular in the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry. To this end remote sensing techniques are used to gather consecutive datasets of the construction site. This work focuses on the recording of imagery for photogrammetric processing and the challenging conditions often encountered on construction sites. The constantly evolving character of a such sites requires datasets to be captured as quickly as possible. Furthermore other recording complexities arise such as the presence of auxiliary equipment and clutter or reflections caused by wet surfaces, hindering quick and complete recordings. Apart from these external factors also construction elements themselves often complicate the capturing workflow.This work enumerates several real-world examples of difficulties construction sites pose for the recording of imagery for photogrammetry purposes. Each section provides an insight in a specific challenge, typical for construction sites, and discusses applicable field-tested solutions including an overview of relevant solutions found in literature.
The impact of a new high-resolution ocean model on the Met Office
North-West European Shelf forecasting system
Authors: Tonani Marina , Sykes Peter , King Robert R. , McConnell Niall , Pequignet Anne-Christine , O'Dea Enda , Graham Jennifer A. , Polton Jeff , Siddorn John
Published: February 2019

Abstract. The North-West European shelf ocean forecasting system has been providing oceanographic products for the European continental shelf seas for more than fifteen years. In that time several different configurations have been implemented, updating the model and the data assimilation components. The latest configuration to be put in operations, an eddy resolving model at 1.5 km (AMM15), replaces the 7 km model (AMM7) that has been used for a number of years. This has improved the ability to resolve the mesoscale variability in this area. An overview of this new system and its initial validation is provided in this paper, highlighting the differences with the previous version. Validation of the model is based on the results of two years (2016–2017) trial experiments run with the low and high resolution systems in their operational configuration. The 1.5 km system has been validated against observations and the low resolution system, trying to understand the impact of the high resolution on the quality of the products delivered to the users. Although the number of observations is a limiting factor, especially for the assessment of model variables like currents and salinity, the new system has been proven to be an improvement in resolving fine scale structures and variability and provides more accurate information on the major physical variables, like temperature, salinity and horizontal currents. AMM15 improvements are evident from the validation against high-resolution observations, available in some selected areas of the model domain. However, validation at the basin scale and using daily means penalised the high-resolution system and does not reflect its superior performance. This increment in resolution also improves the capabilities to provide marine information closer to the coast even if the coastal processes are not fully resolved by the model.
Moisture transport in observations and reanalyses as a proxy for snow accumulation in East Antarctica
Authors: Dufour Ambroise , Charrondière Claudine , Zolina Olga
Published: February 2019

Abstract. Atmospheric
moisture convergence on ice sheets provides an estimate of snow accumulation,
which is critical to quantifying sea-level changes. In the case of East
Antarctica, we computed moisture transport from 1980 to 2016 in five
reanalyses and in radiosonde observations. Moisture convergence in reanalyses
is more consistent than net precipitation but still ranges from 72 to
96 mm yr−1 in the four most recent reanalyses, ERA-Interim, NCEP CFSR,
JRA 55 and MERRA 2. The representation of long-term variability in reanalyses
is also inconsistent, which justified resorting to observations. Moisture fluxes are measured on a daily basis via radiosondes launched from a
network of stations surrounding East Antarctica. Observations agree with
reanalyses on the major role of extreme advection events and transient eddy
fluxes. Although assimilated, the observations reveal processes that reanalyses
cannot model, some due to a lack of horizontal and vertical resolution,
especially the oldest, NCEP DOE R2. Additionally, the observational time
series are not affected by new satellite data unlike the reanalyses. We formed
pan-continental estimates of convergence by aggregating anomalies from all
available stations. We found statistically significant trends neither in
moisture convergence nor in precipitable water.
Sensitivity of Uncertainty in Wind Characteristics and Wind Turbine Properties on Wind Turbine Extreme and Fatigue Loads
Authors: Robertson Amy N. , Shaler Kelsey , Sethuraman Latha , Jonkman Jason
Published: February 2019

Abstract. Wind turbine design relies on the ability to accurately predict turbine ultimate and fatigue loads. The loads analysis process requires precise knowledge of the expected wind-inflow conditions as well as turbine structural and aerodynamic properties. However, uncertainty in most parameters is inevitable. It is therefore important to understand the impact such uncertainties have on the resulting loads. The goal of this work is to assess which input parameters have the greatest influence on turbine power, fatigue loads, and ultimate loads during normal turbine operation. An Elementary Effects (EE) sensitivity analysis is performed to identify the most sensitive parameters. Separate case studies are performed on (1) wind-inflow conditions and (2) turbine structural and aerodynamic properties, both using the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) 5-MW baseline wind turbine. The focus is on individual parameter sensitivity, though interactions between parameters are considered. The results of this work show that for wind-inflow conditions, turbulence in the primary wind direction and shear are the most sensitivity parameters for turbine loads, which is expected. Secondary parameters of importance are identified as veer, u-direction integral length, and components of the IEC coherence model (au and bu), as well as the exponent (γ). For the turbine properties, the most sensitive parameters are yaw misalignment (θ) and outboard lift coefficient (Cl,t) distribution. This information can be used to help establish error bars around the predictions of engineering models during validation efforts, and provide insight to probabilistic design methods and site-suitability analyses.
Marcas de autorregulación para la construcción del perfil docente durante la formación inicial de maestros
Authors: Alsina Angel , Batllori Roser , Falgàs Margarida , Vidal Isabel
Published: January 2019

El objetivo de este estudio es identificar marcas de autorregulación que pueden contribuir a la transformación de conocimiento didáctico-disciplinar implícito en conocimiento profesional durante la formación inicial de maestros. Los participantes del estudio han sido 231 futuros maestros de los Grados de Educación Infantil y Primaria de la Universidad de XXXX (España) que han respondido un cuestionario en varias asignaturas planificadas desde el método de formación realista-reflexivo. Para la obtención y el análisis de los datos se ha utilizado la categorización mixta a partir del método de comparaciones constantes de la Teoría Fundamentada, que ha permitido identificar doce marcas de autorregulación. Las cinco primeras marcas fomentan procesos cognitivos de deconstrucción de conocimiento implícito: experiencias previas; creencias sobre uno mismo; creencias sobre el funcionamiento de la clase; conocimientos disciplinares implícitos; y conocimientos didácticos implícitos. Las siete marcas restantes permiten llevar a cabo procesos de coconstrucción y reconstrucción de conocimiento profesional: interacción con el contexto I (el centro escolar); interacción con el contexto II (la universidad); interacción con uno mismo; interacción entre iguales; interacción con el experto; interacción con la teoría; y conocimiento profesional crítico. En contraste con algunos estudios previos que constatan la dificultad de transformar los conocimientos implícitos de los futuros maestros, en nuestra investigación se concluye que implementando el modelo de formación realista-reflexivo es posible cambiar los conocimientos que pueden ser un obstáculo para la construcción del propio perfil docente, por lo que las marcas de autorregulación obtenidas se deberían tratar de forma explícita durante la formación inicial del profesorado.
Economic Growth and Demographic Dividend Nexus in Nigeria: A Vector Autoregressive (VAR) Approach
Authors: Young Ademola Obafemi
Published: January 2019

In demography and population economics discourse, the macroeconomic implications of an upsurge in working age population, notably the labour force, on economic growth has been widely studied and the inherent beneficial impact has become known as demographic dividend. However, the exact mechanism linking the dividend to growth remains a perennial question. This motivates the current study to investigate empirically the dividend-growth nexus in the context of Nigerian economy in a multivariate VAR model spanning between the period 1970 and 2017. Specifically, the paper attempted to answer the question: Is the Nigerian Demographic Dividend an Education-triggered Dividend? Innovation Accounting Techniques was applied to assess the dynamic interactions among the variables. The empirical evidence obtained revealed that the innovation in gross enrollment made much contribution to the variation in economic growth relative to innovation in economic support ratio. The magnitude ranges between 20.09 and 27.54 percent. This result, thus, lend credence to the theoretical view of the education-triggered dividend model which ascribes to education twofold roles of helping to lessen fertility and also enhancing productivity but invalidates the conventional dividend paradigm.
Revisiting Creative Accounting in the Context of Islamic Economic and Finance System
Authors: Malik Ali , Abumustafa Nasser I. , Shah Haider
Published: January 2019

The paper investigates the possibility and spread of creative accounting (CA) related practices in the emerging financial system based on Islamic ideology and economics principles. Analytical methodology has been adopted in order to answer the research questions with a view to improving clarity of concepts. At the doctrinal level, there is little likelihood for practices associated with creative accounting as Islamic finance forbids use of misleading information in business transactions. At the operational level, however, factors like adoption of conventional accounting standards, use of income smoothing practices, and the flexibility in subjective interpretation of scripture based laws (Sharia) open up possibilities for the new financial system to be permeated by creative accounting practices. Islamic finance can be plagued by the pernicious effects of CA practices, therefore, any complacency on the part of advocates of Islamic finance can be misplaced. If practices like creative accounting continue to prevail in Islamic financial system, it will negatively affect the image of Islamic finance as an ethical, just, equitable and fair system. The authors have made a contribution by drawing attention of the research community to the neglected but important issue of creative accounting by critically analysing it and arraying the doctrinal view against the operational view.
THE ETHICAL CONTEXT OF THE LEADERSHIP COMMUNICATION OF THE POLICE HEADQUARTERS
Authors: Stawnicka Jadwiga
Published: February 2019

The aim of the paper is to show leadership’s problem in the Police in framework of organizational culture. The main determinants of organizational culture are values which are widely recognized by most members of the organization. An important basis for organizational culture is the social aspect and paying attention to motivation issues and interpersonalrelations. The police organizational culture helps to understand the mission and objectives of the organization.
ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY. CASE STUDY
Authors: Żebrak Dawid
Published: February 2019

The contemporary market conditions and risks occurring in business activity enable enterprises to redefine their management system towards a more strategic approach. A company development strategy is the way in which the enterprise intends to perform its mission and reach its strategic goals. This strategy reflects different maners and company development range. The main aim of consideration is to be identified areas of the company’s development strategy in theoretical and empirical terms. This dissertation is a case study based on data collected from the clothing industry
THE SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SYSTEM IN POLAND IN THE LIGHT OF THE NEW CONCEPT OF PUBLIC MANAGEMENT
Authors: Zelek Leszek
Published: February 2019

The aim of the article is to present the social assistance model in Poland in the light of new concepts of public management in this area. As a result of the review of the available literature on the subject, the genesis, evolution and directions of development of social assistance in Poland are shown. New directions of management in the context of social policy were discussed. The description of the social welfare model presented in the article is systematising knowledge in the scope of
the discussed problem and by comparing new management concepts, assessing the possibilities of their implementation on the ground of social assistance. The first part of the article describes the genesis and evolution of social welfare in Poland and discusses its structure. In the second part, through comparative analysis, an attempt was made to characterize new management concepts, New Public Management and governance, in the light of the social welfare model in Poland
CREATING A POSITIVE IMAGE OF A PLACE WHICH IS AN ELEMENT OF THE CITY MARKETING STRATEGY – THE EXAMPLE OF TOMASZOW MAZOWIECKI
Authors: Gosik Blanka , Żelazna-Jochim Dorota
Published: February 2019

The city’s marketing strategy can take four forms in relation to a given territory, ie: image, attractions, infrastructure and people. It is assumed that the image is a whole of subjective ideas of reality, which, created in the minds of service recipients, should be surveyed and used for making changes. Hence, among the objectives of territorial marketing, the need emerges associated with shaping a strategy in line with the needs or imaginations of the local community. The empirical part of the work is a presentation of a section of research carried out on a group of a thousand inhabitants of Tomaszów Mazowiecki. The opinions presented relate to the assessment of the city’s functioning in selected areas of life and the indication of sources of information on the activities carried out by local government authorities. The collected data can be the basis for strengthening or building a positive image from scratch
O pensamento ficcional e seus desdobramentos na formulação dos discursos teológicos
Authors: Rocha Abdruschin Schaeffer , Rocha Alessandro Rodrigues
Published: February 2019

O presente artigo se propõe discutir a relação entre realidade e ficcionalidade e suas implicações para a formulação de discursos teológicos. Parte do pressuposto de que, em geral, o ficcional é visto com suspeita pela religião e Teologia cristã, na medida em que se parte de uma concepção equivocada de realidade, razão pela qual as relações entre Teologia e ficcionalidade ainda são relativamente inexploradas. Ampara-se nas discussões que deram origem à tradição da estética da recepção, sobretudo em sua vertente ficcional, tal como proposta por Wolfgang Iser, e analisa a ficcionalidade na relação com o discurso racionalista e o pensamento dogmático. Finalmente, a partir das contribuições de Joseph Moingt e George Lindbeck, propõe dois aportes teológicos com vistas à recuperação do pensamento ficcional como alternativa ao dogmático/conceitual. Moingt nos auxilia a compreender Deus enquanto um ser-para-nós. Lindbeck, através de sua teoria cultural-linguística, nos ajuda a discutir sobre a linguagem e o lugar que esta ocupa na formulação e comunicação de conteúdos teológicos.
Desconstrução do cristianismo: imperativo ontológico à experiência de Deus na pós-modernidade
Authors: Caldeira Cleusa
Published: February 2019

Com este texto perscruta-se a maneira como a razão secular contribuiu para pensar a experiência de Deus no contexto pós-cristão e pós-metafísico. Neste novo contexto, explicitam-se as principais contribuições do “niilismo místico” à possível experiência religiosa no marco de novas condições culturais. Fundamental será a assunção da desconstrução enquanto método do pensamento crítico.  Segue-se o teólogo mexicano Carlos Mendoza Álvarez que, partindo da crítica pós-cristã aos sistemas de crença e de moral, propõe a superação dos obstáculos que impedem o acesso ao manancial divino e, consequentemente, a volta à coisa mesma da fé cristã. Nesse horizonte, emerge a desconstrução do cristianismo como um imperativo ontológico para superar a metafísica clássica e, consequentemente, ascender à metafísica do Ser Superessencial. Inserido, pois, em sua própria desconstrução, do cristianismo declosionado surge a fé niilista como uma potência da subjetividade, como o estágio que representa a passagem de mundo da crença para o mundo iconoclasta e apofático, isto é, o mundo da fé sem a idolatria do sujeito.
A ciência é metapsiquismo: Fernando do Ó e o discurso espírita na imprensa de Santa Maria, RS
Authors: Mattos Renan Santos
Published: February 2019

Este texto trata de apresentar a posição intelectual de Fernando Do Ó, militar, advogado e espírita que atuou em Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, nas décadas de 1930 a 1960, sobre espiritismo. Essas discussões foram sustentadas na análise de Pierre Bourdieu sobre as disputas percebidas no campo religioso. Destacamos as posições de Fernando do Ó a partir do que foi publicado no jornal Diário do Interior, de 1930 a 1937. Assim, propomos uma reflexão no sentido de demarcar a identidade espírita diante da pluralidade de práticas mediúnicas.
Schulform- und Schulstrukturgarantien in den deutschen Landesverfassungen
Authors: Köster Jonas
Published: February 2019

Should the state school system separate different students into different schools by their level of intelligence? The book analyses and compares the constitutional regulation of the secondary school systems in the 16 German states. As education law is state law in Germany, the federal constitution (Grundgesetz) is much less important in this area than the 16 state constitutions.
Determinanty expertního výkonu v tělesné výchově pohledem učitelů
Authors: Janíková Marcela , Sliacky Jiří
Published: February 2019

In the paper, we deal with determinants of expert teaching in Physical Education from the expert-teachers’point of view. Our research study aims at highlighting how expert-teachers perceive the importance of various determinants of expert teaching in Physical Education. The research sample includes five expert-teachers (three female and two male) from schools in Brno they sorted determinants of expert teaching in Physical Education using Q-methodology. It was shown, that the researched teachers perceived following determinants as most important for expert teaching in Physical Education: teachers’ organizational skills, teachers’ improvisational skills, teachers’ experiences, teachers’ skills to motivate pupils, and teachers’ commitment to the teaching profession. Contrary, following determinants was seen as not very important: teachers’ demonstrating of subject matter, the number of pupils, teachers’ “sport-history”, teachers’ subjectively perceived limits and teachers’ using of punishments.
Analýza vzdělávání trenérů šermu v České republice
Authors: Kundera Václav
Published: February 2019

The Czech fencing federation (CFF) is currently working on the renewal of systematic and systemic formal and informal coaching education. In this research we focused on the analysis of the external and internal conditions that influence the educational process and offers the coaches a possibility to influence the direction and content of coaching education through a questionnaire survey. The empirical part of the text describes the methodological aspects and selected results of carried out evaluation and research investigations, which will result in a comprehensive analysis of CFF in terms of the educational opportunities. The discussion analyzes the possible future development of coaching education and the problems they may encounter when implementing a new education program and the possibilities to avoid these problems.
Vplyv veku na úroveň vybraných koordinačných schopností stolných tenistov
Authors: Horníková Henrieta , Doležajová Ladislava
Published: February 2019

It is known, reaction time increases with age. Agility time, enriched by a motor component is investigated less. Therefore the aim of this study was to determined age-related differences in disjunctive reaction-speed abilities, where the result is an agility time. Data were obtained by agility test adapted to the specific needs of table tennis using FiTRO Agility check device. Subjects of testing were table tennis players from 20 to 70 years devided into four age categories. We assumed a statistically significant differences between agility time in these categories. We assumed a significant relationship between agility time and age. One-way ANOVA indicated a significant differences in agility time between categories (F(2,46) = 10,2; p < 0,001). Pearson correlation coefficient indicated significant relationship between agility time and age (r = 0,53; p < 0,01. We found a significant difference between motor reaction to the forehand and backhand side. It was shorter to the forehand in each age category. Our study showed the age-related changes in disjunctive reaction-speed abilities.
Achillodynie u rekreačních běžců
Authors: Vnenčáková Soňa , Řezaninová Jana
Published: February 2019

Running has become a modern trend and one of the most popular leisure activities. The popularity of running however results in an increased occurrence of cases of acute or chronic pain of the Achilles tendon in offices of doctors and physiotherapists. The cause of achillodynia in runners has not been conclusively established, hence it is important to warn about the risk factors and promote the importance of prevention.
Svalový glykogen jako významný předpoklad optimálního výkonu ve fotbale
Authors: Novák Jaroslav
Published: February 2019

Physical load during football match evokes significant depletion of glycogen stores. Intermittent natureof exercise including repeated maximal short sprints is associated with rapid muscle glycogen breakdown.With respect to quality of training process and to optimal performance in football game, especiallywith multiple matches in a week, replenishment of exercise capacity after training and matches isimportant. Restoration of glycogen stores is a primary focus of recovery. Ingesting carbohydrate duringexercise helps support performance and preserves sports skills to optimal extent in course of the wholematch duration. Successful recovery requires players to consume an adequate quantity (up to 9 g/kgof body mass) of preferably high glycemic carbohydrates. Carbohydrate-protein mixtures may reducethe delayed onset of muscle soreness caused by eccentric character of some physical loads.
People in the News
Authors: Galloway Ann-Christe
Published: February 2019

Rob HaversDonna BeckScott BuchananHeidi CardMartha NethDwain TeagueKristy WhiteCarlton Rochell
The displaced librarian: Providing research services to your campus without a library
Authors: Chisholm Alexandria , Spencer Brett
Published: February 2019

Penn State-Berks is one of 24 commonwealth campuses in the Pennsylvania State University (PSU) system. With around 2,800 students, it is a small, tight knit community, yet remains one of the largest campuses outside of University Park.While the campus is spacious and beautiful, one feature it lacks is an adequate student center, which makes the Thun Library the heart of the campus. Not only does the library provide traditional and valued services, such as access to textbooks on reserve, computer and software access, and research assistance, it is also a location where students gather to study, hang out between classes, and conduct group work. With a large commuter population, the library offers vital spaces for those without dorm rooms to complete their work. In addition, several other departments are also housed within the building, including the Center for Teaching and Learning along with the information technology (IT) help desk.
Esticomitia y esticomitia ampliada
Authors: Pardo Arcadio
Published: January 2019

La coincidencia del verso con una entidad sintáctica (esticomitia, gr: στιχομυθία) es procedimiento de empleo constante desde muy antiguo, en particular en las réplicas de los diálogos del teatro griego. Se admite que los hemistiquios de los versos compuestos pueden también coincidir con una entidad sintáctica. Este trabajo investiga otras manifestaciones de esa coincidencia (esticomitia en serie, en todo el poema, etc.) y propone pueda aplicarse el mismo concepto a versos aislados, a los que se componen solamente de una forma verbal y muy especialmente a los hemistiquios o componentes de los versos endecasílabos en todas sus variedades.End-stopping (Greek στιχομυθία), which occurs when a line of verse coincides with the syntactic unit, is a feature used constantly in poetry from ancient times, especially in rejoinders in Greek theatre dialogues, but it can also be found in verses characterized by caesura. This article studies other uses of end-stopping (in a series of verses, throughout a poem, etc.) and suggests that it may be applied to isolated verses, these may be composed of only a verbal unit but are mainly related to caesura or to the pauses in diff erent types of Spanish hendecasyllables.
España y el artículo 3 del Convenio Europeo de Derechos Humanos: un balance
Authors: Álvarez Rodríguez Ignacio
Published: February 2019

En el texto se realiza un balance de la aplicación del artículo 3 del Convenio Europeo de Derechos Humanos al Reino de España. A tal fin se estudia, en primer lugar, las principales vertientes del mismo, tanto material como procesal. En segundo lugar, se analizan las condenas impuestas en Estrasburgo a nuestro país por vulnerar el precepto. En tercer lugar, se aporta una examen de la reacción española ante las condenas, que pasa tanto por la recepción de los criterios de Estrasburgo por nuestro Tribunal Constitucional, como por la implementación de algunas reformas legislativas recientes. Se finaliza con unas conclusiones, en todo caso provisionales.In the text we study article 3 of the European Convention on Human Rights within the Spanish constitutional framework. Firstly, we set the main core of the right, both the substantive and procedural aspects. Secondly, we take a look to the implementation in Spain, in order to find how, why, and when the interpretation given by the Strasbourg Case-Law has been implemented by national authorities. Thirdly, to that extent, we study the national answers, paying attention to the Constitutional Case-Law and to some legal reforms. Lastly, we give a bunch of provisional conclusions.
POTENCIAL PROTETIVO DA POLIDEXTROSE COMO AGENTE ENCAPSULANTE DE Bifidobacterium BB-12 ATRAVÉS DO PROCESSO DE MICROENCAPSULAÇÃO POR SPRAY DRYING
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Silva Tiago , Machado Michelle Heck , Verruck Silvani , Amboni Renata Dias de Mello Castanho , Prudencio Elane Schwinden
Published: February 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da microencapsulação de Bifidobacterium BB-12 pelo método de spray drying, utilizando como agente encapsulante o prebiótico polidextrose em associação ou não com leite em pó. A utilização somente de polidextrose contribuiu para o aumento dos valores de sólidos totais (16,2 ± 0,06 g 100 mL-1) e, para a viscosidade (6,16 ± 0,21 mPa s) das soluções de alimentação, no entanto os valores para a densidade não diferiram entre as soluções de alimentação. Assim como o leite em pó desnatado reconstituído e o leite em pó com polidextrose, o uso da polidextrose como único agente encapsulante foi eficiente na microencapsulação da Bifidobacterium BB-12 pelo método de spray drying, cujas microcápsulas além de serem arredondadas e sem concavidades, apresentaram tamanhos (≥ 10,62 ± 4,64 µm), teor de umidade (≤ 3,10 ± 0,20 g 100 g-1) e densidade aparente (≤ 0,70 ± 0,03 g cm-3) considerados ideais para a sua estabilidade quando aplicadas em alimentos. Melhores valores para a atividade de água (0,11 ± 0,01) foram verificados para as amostras em pó que utilizaram somente a polidextrose. Esta amostra em pó apresentou também maior dissolução, além de ser a mais higroscópica. A contagem de células viáveis de bifidobactéria nas três soluções de alimentação (≥ 9,05 ± 0,59 log UFC g-1) e nas amostras em pó (≥ 8,46 ± 0,03 log UFC g-1) ficou acima do recomendado para um produto ser classificado como probiótico.
EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT ANTIOXIDANTS ON OXIDATIVE STABILITY OF SOYBEAN OIL IN PET BOTTLES EFEITOS DE DIFERENTES ANTIOXIDANTES NA ESTABILIDADE OXIDATIVA DO ÓLEO DE SOJA EM GARRAFAS PET
Authors:   FURB - Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Ibsch Raquel Bonati Moraes , Bueno Amanda Madruga , Warmling Bruna Regina , Carvalho Lisiane Fernandes de , Bertoli Sávio Leandro , Souza Carolina Krebs de
Published: February 2019

Lipid oxidation is responsible for physicochemical and organoleptic changes which reduce not only the food shelf life but also its acceptability. However, this deterioration process can be delayed or prevented by the addition of antioxidants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different antioxidants, pure and in combination (ascorbyl palmitate, rosemary extract and mix of tocopherols) compared to TBHQ (tert-butylhydroquinone) on oxidative stability index (OSI) of soybean oil stored in PET bottles by Rancimat at 120°C. The rancimat method is included in the AOCS Cd 12b-92 standard, due to the ease of use and reproducibility that allows the OSI evaluation in a relatively short period. Therefore, an accelerated shelf life study was performed at 60°C for 30 days. The results showed that all evaluated antioxidants and their combinations delayed the lipid oxidation of soybean oil. However, a mix containing ascorbyl palmitate and rosemary extract presented OSI (Oxidative Stability Index) similar to TBHQ. At the end of the 30th day, this referred blend of antioxidants had OSI of 4.83 hours at 120 °C, while treatment with TBHQ showed 5.90 hours at the same temperature. Thus, it was concluded that the evaluated concentration of the ascorbyl palmitate and rosemary extract blend may be an excellent alternative to TBHQ during the maintenance of the soybean oil shelf life in PET bottles.
Contribution to the allochthonous flora of the Vinalopó River (Alicante, Spain)
Authors: Juan Ana , Terrones Alejandro , Moreno Joaquín
Published: February 2019

Se aportan datos sobre la presencia de 14 especies vasculares alóctonas encontradas en la cuenca del río Vinalopó, de la provincia de Alicante, durante los años 2017-2018. La mayor parte de estos taxones se han encontrado perfectamente naturalizados entre la vegetación de dicho río, donde representan una novedad corológica. Entre ellas, Salvia hispanica supone una primera mención para la flora de la Comunidad Valenciana, y junto con Amaranthus caudatus y Solanum sisymbriifolium, serían todas ellas nuevas menciones para la provincia de Alicante.

We provide new records of 14 non-native vascular species found in the Vinalopó River Basin, from Alicante province, between 2017 and 2018. Most of these taxa have been located perfectly naturalised within the vegetation of the mentioned river, of where they represented a chorological novelty. Among them, Salvia hispanica is the first record for the flora of the Valencian Community, and together with Amaranthus caudatus and Solanum sisymbriifolium, they all are new chorological mentions for the province of Alicante.
Atypical Presentation of Periodic Paralysis: A Case Report
Authors: Isiklar Aysun
Published: February 2019

Hypokalemic periodic paralysis (HPP) is a kind of periodic paralysis, which is a heterogeneous group of muscle diseases. It is characterized by episodes of flaccid and sudden muscle weakness.Here, we present a case of HPP. The patient was referred to our department because of severe dizziness and fall. After a comprehensive evaluation, a markedly low potassium was detected. The patient’s symptoms resolved after replacement of potassium and he was discharged without deficits. Even though the literature reports an association with exercise, carbohydrate load, and stress, further workup in our patient revealed no association with these precipitants. A proper differential diagnosis should rule out other causes of weakness and paralysis, thus allowing a timely treatment.
Shared genomic outliers across two divergent population clusters of a highly threatened seagrass
Authors: Phair Nikki Leanne , Toonen Robert John , Knapp Ingrid , von der Heyden Sophie
Published: February 2019

The seagrass, Zostera capensis, occurs across a broad stretch of coastline and wide environmental gradients in estuaries and sheltered bays in southern and eastern Africa. Throughout its distribution, habitats are highly threatened and poorly protected, increasing the urgency of assessing the genomic variability of this keystone species. A pooled genomic approach was employed to obtain SNP data and examine neutral genomic variation and to identify potential outlier loci to assess differentiation across 12 populations across the ~9600km distribution of Z. capensis. Results indicate high clonality and low genomic diversity within meadows, which combined with poor protection throughout its range, increases the vulnerability of this seagrass to further declines or local extinction. Shared variation at outlier loci potentially indicates local adaptation to temperature and precipitation gradients, with Isolation-by-Environment significantly contributing towards shaping spatial variation in Z. capensis. Our results indicate the presence of two population clusters, broadly corresponding to populations on the west and east coasts, with the two lineages shaped only by frequency differences of outlier loci. Notably, ensemble modelling of suitable seagrass habitat provides evidence that the clusters are linked to historical climate refugia around the Last Glacial Maxi-mum. Our work suggests a complex evolutionary history of Z. capensis in southern and eastern Africa that will require more effective protection in order to safeguard this important ecosystem engineer into the future.
Anillin regulates epithelial cell mechanics by structuring the medial-apical actomyosin network
Authors: Arnold Torey R , Shawky Joseph H , Stephenson Rachel E , Dinshaw Kayla M , Higashi Tomohito , Huq Farah , Davidson Lance A , Miller Ann L
Published: January 2019

Cellular forces sculpt organisms during development, while misregulation of cellular mechanics can promote disease. Here, we investigate how the actomyosin scaffold protein anillin contributes to epithelial mechanics in Xenopus laevis embryos. Increased mechanosensitive recruitment of vinculin to cell–cell junctions when anillin is overexpressed suggested that anillin promotes junctional tension. However, junctional laser ablation unexpectedly showed that junctions recoil faster when anillin is depleted and slower when anillin is overexpressed. Unifying these findings, we demonstrate that anillin regulates medial-apical actomyosin. Medial-apical laser ablation supports the conclusion that that tensile forces are stored across the apical surface of epithelial cells, and anillin promotes the tensile forces stored in this network. Finally, we show that anillin’s effects on cellular mechanics impact tissue-wide mechanics. These results reveal anillin as a key regulator of epithelial mechanics and lay the groundwork for future studies on how anillin may contribute to mechanical events in development and disease.
A first order phase transition mechanism underlies protein aggregation in mammalian cells
Authors: Narayanan Arjun , Meriin Anatoli , Andrews J Owen , Spille Jan-Hendrik , Sherman Michael Y , Cisse Ibrahim I
Published: February 2019

The formation of misfolded protein aggregates is a hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases. The aggregate formation process exhibits an initial lag phase when precursor clusters spontaneously assemble. However, most experimental assays are blind to this lag phase. We develop a quantitative assay based on super-resolution imaging in fixed cells and light sheet imaging of living cells to study the early steps of aggregation in mammalian cells. We find that even under normal growth conditions mammalian cells have precursor clusters. The cluster size distribution is precisely that expected for a so-called super-saturated system in first order phase transition. This means there exists a nucleation barrier, and a critical size above which clusters grow and mature. Homeostasis is maintained through a Szilard model entailing the preferential clearance of super-critical clusters. We uncover a role for a putative chaperone (RuvBL) in this disassembly of large clusters. The results indicate early aggregates behave like condensates.

Editorial note: This article has been through an editorial process in which the authors decide how to respond to the issues raised during peer review. The Reviewing Editor's assessment is that all the issues have been addressed (see decision letter).