bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morphological Complexity in Writing: Implications for Writing Quality and Patterns of Change
Authors: Wood Carla , Garcia-Salas Miguel , Schatschneider Christopher , Torres-Chavarro Michelle
Published: March 2024

Purpose:

The current study examined (a) the relation between morphologically complex word (MCW) use (words containing at least one derivational morpheme such as prefixes and suffixes) and teachers' ratings of writing quality, (b) average change in MCW use in writing across the school year, and (c) differential change in MCW among students with varying language abilities and linguistic backgrounds including students with developmental language disorders (DLDs) and multilingual learners (MLs).

Method:

Expository writing samples (writing for the purpose of explaining or educating) were collected in October and May from 824 fifth-grade students, including 109 with DLD and 170 who were MLs receiving English as a second language service. Students' written responses were coded for the use of MCW. Pearson product–moment correlations and two-level hierarchical linear models were employed to investigate the association between MCW usage and writing quality, as well as increases in MCW usage over the course of the academic year, taking into account the nested structure of students within classrooms.

Results:

The relation between students' MCW use and teachers' writing quality ratings was moderately strong (
r
= .47). Student use of MCW in expository writing showed significant change from fall to spring across all students. However, the amount of change in MCW use across the school year was significantly lower for MLs (effect size [ES] = .09) and students identified with DLD (ES = .10).

Conclusions:

The relation between MCW use and teachers' writing quality ratings highlights the utility of MCW as a written language measure for progress monitoring or assessment. The presence of differential change and potential Matthew effects for MLs and students with DLD substantiates the need for further exploration of instructional components that support the increased use of complex vocabulary.
Fractionation in young cores: Direct determinations of nitrogen and carbon fractionation in HCN
Authors: Jensen S. S. , Spezzano S. , Caselli P. , Sipilä O. , Redaelli E. , Giers K. , Ferrer Asensio J.
Published: March 2024

Context. Nitrogen fractionation is a powerful tracer of the chemical evolution during star and planet formation. It requires robust determinations of the nitrogen fractionation across different evolutionary stages.

Aims. We aim to determine the 14N/15N and 12C/13C ratios for HCN in six starless and prestellar cores and to compare the results between the direct method using radiative transfer modeling and the indirect double isotope method, assuming a fixed 12C/13C ratio.

Methods. We present IRAM observations of the HCN 1–0, HCN 3–2, HC15N 1–0 and H13CN 1–0 transitions toward six embedded cores. The 14N/15N ratio was derived using both the indirect double isotope method and directly through non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) 1D radiative transfer modeling of the HCN emission. The latter also provides the 12C/13C ratio, which we compared to the local interstellar value.

Results. The derived 14N/15N ratios using the indirect method are generally in the range of 300-550. This result could suggest an evolutionary trend in the nitrogen fractionation of HCN between starless cores and later stages of the star formation process. However, the direct method reveals lower fractionation ratios of around ~250, mainly resulting from a lower 12C/13C ratio in the range ~20–40, as compared to the local interstellar medium value of 68.

Conclusions. This study reveals a significant difference between the nitrogen fractionation ratio in HCN derived using direct and indirect methods. This can influence the interpretation of the chemical evolution and reveal the pitfalls of the indirect double isotope method for fractionation studies. However, the direct method is challenging, as it requires well-constrained source models to produce accurate results. No trend in the nitrogen fractionation of HCN between earlier and later stages of the star formation process is evident when the results of the direct method are considered.
Study on improving the asynchronous electric drive of ball mills
Authors: Shamsutdinov Khusniddin
Published: March 2024

In the world, many enterprises in the mining, metallurgical, paint and varnish, chemical industries, as well as in the production of building materials, pay special attention to the problems of starting and accurately stopping ball mills.This article substantiates the expediency of using an adjustable electric motor in grinding mechanisms in electric drives instead of an unregulated asynchronous motor.The problem of facilitating the start-up of ball mills and ensuring accurate stop of the neck of ball mills using the lowest speed is considered. As the review of the literature showed, speed control in electric drives using two-speed motors is a simple, cheap and reliable option.
An Improved Grid-connected Pre-Synchronization Method based on Virtual Synchronous Generator Control in Power Conversion System
Authors: Shasha Chen , Jinghua Zhou , Shukuraliev Abrorbek , Yifei Sun
Published: March 2024

Under the background of vigorously promoting the construction of new power system，the power conversion system(PCS) plays an important role to transfer high reliable electrical power quality to grid. However, the system is sensitive to the voltage deviation on both side of point of common coupling(PCC) when switching from off-grid mode to grid-connected mode directly, it leads to surge currents or even threaten system stability.In this paper, an improved grid-connected pre-synchronization method for smooth grid connection is proposed. The system adds a pre-synchronization module on the basis of virtual synchronous generator(VSG) control to synchronize the voltage between the PCS and the grid. In addition, a slope control unit is introduced to further avoid the potential surge current problem at the moment of grid connection. Finally, the experimental results of simulation is verified the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed scheme.
Study on bio-interference of electronics
Authors: Mullins Robert , Knight Josiah , Liu Sophie X.
Published: March 2024

Electronics have come a long way since their beginning conception. Instead of simple switches, they have now evolved to help in every industry. Some of the most advanced electronics have come from medical applications, especially those that deal with reading electrical signals. These types have had a tremendous impact on the healthcare of the population and advanced our understanding of the inner workings of the human body. Though these have had great successes, there is a very prominent issue that arises, bio-interference. This is when any type of biology has interference with the electrical signals trying to be read. EEGs are one of the most prominent electronic signaling detection, and great efforts have been made to minimize bio-interference, such as advances in signal processing, improved materials, multi-modal approaches, miniaturization, and real-time artifact detection. We aim to expound on these and offer a future of where these can lead.
Study on photovoltaic characteristics of bifacial solar panels
Authors: Aliyev Rayimjon , Bozarov Oybek , Kodirov Dilshod , Kaxxorov Jamshid , Xonbutayeva Dilnoza
Published: March 2024

In the work optimum angles of orientation of solar panels with bifacial silicon solar cell, essentially different from traditional solar panels with simple silicon solar cells are experimentally defined. Are shown optimum distance from a back vertical wall and height from horizon, and also color of a horizontal surface reflecting them for achievement of high efficiency of solar panels with bifacial solar cells. Temperature factors of the main basic photovoltaic parameters of power stations with simple and bifacial silicon solar cells shown. Advantage of use of photovoltaic power stations with bifacial silicon solar cells in the hot climate conditions is revealed.
Analysis of the efficiency of a counter-rotary hydraulic unit with a jet hydro turbine based on a Segner wheel
Authors: Bozarov Oybek , Aliyev Rayimjon , Kodirov Dilshod , Bozorov Dilshodbek , Saidullaeva Saidakhan
Published: March 2024

In the field of hydropower, which is one of the sources of renewable energy, there are many places where water pressure of 2-5 meters can be created in water sources. However, hydraulic turbines operating on such sources are not widely used due to insufficient efficiency. This paper describes a counter-rotor hydraulic unit developed by installing an additional active impeller to a reaction hydraulic turbine based on a Segner wheel. Based on experimental results and theoretical analysis, the energy efficiency of a counter-rotor hydraulic unit was studied. As a result of research, it was found that the efficiency of a counter-rotor hydraulic unit varies between 87.2-93.5% at a water pressure of 2-5 meters.
Technologies used in natural gas dehydration: Problems and solutions
Authors: Daminov Temurbek , Shokhsuvorovich Saidaziz , Abdurakhmanova Suraye
Published: March 2024

This article provides a thorough exploration of diverse technologies utilized in the dehydration of natural gas. These include glycol absorption, desiccant adsorption, solvent salt adsorption, chemical cooling, and hydrate suppression processes. The content delves into the merits of each technology, outlines common challenges encountered, and presents optimal solutions. Notably, the article focuses on the specific challenges arising from glycol absorption, particularly in select gas fields and underground gas storage facilities in Uzbekistan. This comprehensive examination of dehydration technologies, coupled with the in-depth analysis of solutions for glycol absorption issues, enhances our collective understanding of gas processing methodologies. By addressing the intricacies of each technology and proposing effective solutions, the article stands as a valuable resource for professionals and researchers immersed in the realm of natural gas dehydration. The insights offered contribute to refining and advancing gas processing strategies, making it an essential reference for those navigating the complexities associated with this critical aspect of the energy industry.
An Examination of Site Meetings: Essential Factors and Implications on Building Quality in Construction Projects within Higher Institutions in Ekiti State
Authors: Awe Foluso C. , Akinluyi Muyiwa L. , Okeke Francis O. , Ajiboye Isaac O. , Oke Akinyemi , Asse Emmanuel
Published: March 2024

The building and construction industry (BCI) is made of diverse professionals and despite its emphasis on quality project delivery, the essentials of site meetings have not been adequately explored. The study examined the fundamental aspects of Site Meetings and their impact on the execution of construction projects in the building sector, specifically focusing on higher education institutions in Ekiti State, Nigeria. An online survey questionnaire was used and administered to the Consultants and Contractors, within Higher Institutions in Ekiti State, and only seventy-four (74) Respondents filled out the questionnaire and submitted it. The results indicated that 67.6% and 31.1% strongly agreed and agreed respectively that site minutes are important to project implementation. 50% each strongly agreed and agreed that the agenda is a critical tool for project implementation. 37.7% of respondent do not have a definite time for sending notice of a meeting while 10.8% do not have an agenda for their site meetings, also, 52.7% make the minutes of site meetings available before the meeting and 47.3% during the meeting. The study recommended that all stakeholders should take the essentials seriously. Notice of meetings, agendas, and Minutes should be prepared and sent ahead of site meeting dates.
Effect of Impactor's Taper Angle on the Response of a Square Slab to a Falling Mass
Authors: Anas S.M. , Al-Dala’ien Rayeh Nasr , Alam Mehtab , Akram Shahbaz
Published: March 2024

Reinforced concrete (RC) slabs during their service life experience falling mass impacts which are significantly different from quasi-static loading on account of short-term load transference and higher strain rate. Slab being a thin flexural member is prone to short-term dynamic loadings susceptible to irreparable damage or even collapse. Considerable research has been done with round impacting mass, however, the impacting mass needs not necessarily be round and may have a different geometry such as a rolling boulder or fragmented rock mass. To simulate the practical impacting geometries of the falling mass, eight different variations of the geometries varying from flat of 300mm diameter followed by 40mm flat with tapering from 90° to 0° in increments of 15° keeping the material characteristics and drop height of the falling mass constant across all the eight cases, have been considered herein to investigate the influence of impactor’s taper angle on the anti-impact response of the validated square slab in Abaqus Explicit package program. A comparison of several response parameters including displacement, damage, stress distribution, and plastic dissipation energy has been done with the validated model, and the geometries of the impactor causing the maximum and minimum damages are identified. A key finding from this study is that all considered impacting geometries lead to bond failure in the lower layer of the re-bars, however, the impactors having the geometry with taper angles below 45° possess the capacity to induce bond failure in the re-bars of the upper layer too, beyond the impacted region.
Conventional and current approaches of urban mapping and geodetic base formulation for establishing demographic processes database: Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Authors: Abdurakhmonov Sarvar , Khamidova Maknona , Romanyuk Yulia , Sattorov Shakhzod , Adizov Shuhrat , Karimov Erkin , Bozorov Malik
Published: March 2024

This study explores the integration of historical and modern urban mapping data, an expanded geodetic base, and demographic processes to provide a comprehensive understanding of the dynamic relationships within urban landscapes. Analyzing data spanning from 1950 to 2040, we observe a consistent urban expansion, evolving population density, and shifting land use patterns. The inclusion of ten control points enhances the geodetic base, ensuring precise spatial referencing for urban analyses. Spatially referenced demographic processes data reveal correlations between urban characteristics and population dynamics, guiding targeted interventions for sustainable development. Findings underscore the significance of synergizing conventional and current approaches in urban planning, emphasizing the need for adaptive strategies in response to evolving urban landscapes. Key limitations include potential data quality issues in historical mapping, necessitating ongoing efforts for accuracy enhancement. Future research should focus on refining historical data accuracy and exploring specific urban impacts on demographic dynamics.
Physico-chemical research of the processes of hydration of cements
Authors: Lutfullaeva Nargiza , Egamberdiev Elmurod , Ergashev Yorqinjon , Alamov Umid , Shamuratova Shohida , Usmanxadjaeva Iroda , Tukhtamushova Anisakhon , Saparov Bobur
Published: March 2024

The activating effect of phosphoanhydrite on cement hydration is strongly supported by the results obtained from various physico-chemical analyses, including IR spectroscopy, X-ray phase analysis, and differential thermal analysis. IR spectroscopy revealed significant differences in the hydration products of cement with and without phosphoanhydrite. The presence of phosphoanhydrite led to distinct absorption bands in the IR spectra, indicating a higher concentration of Portland cement hydrate compounds and calcium the activated cement. This observation suggests that hydrosilicates in phosphoanhydrite plays a vital role in promoting the formation of these hydration products, leading to enhanced cement activation.X-ray phase analysis further confirmed the activating effect of phosphoanhydrite. The diffraction patterns of the hydrated cements showed a remarkable increase in the analytical lines corresponding to Ca(OH)2 when phosphoanhydrite was present. This indicates a higher content of this phase in the activated cement, reinforcing the notion that phosphoanhydrite contributes to the accelerated hydration process.Differential thermal analysis provided additional evidence of the activating effect of phosphoanhydrite. The DTA curves exhibited higher hydration levels for the cement activated with phosphoanhydrite compared to the control cement. This was indicated by an increased percentage of bound water and a greater mass loss at 140°C, demonstrating the more extensive hydration of the activated cement.Taken these physico-chemical analyses consistently demonstrate the activating effect of phosphoanhydrite on cement hydration. The unique properties of phosphoanhydrite facilitate the formation of hydration products, such as Portland cement hydrate compounds and calcium hydrosilicates, leading to an accelerated and more efficient hydration process.
Weaving construction software system
Authors: Uzakova Umida , Murodova Sevara
Published: March 2024

The construction methods within the Desint system are organized into three distinct groups, each catering to specific aspects of the weaving process. These groups delineate the procedures involved in creating woven patterns and are selected based on the type of the initial element required to achieve the final desired weave. This group encompasses construction methods that initiate the weaving process from fundamental elements. These elements can range from a single thread to a collection of threads. The focus is on building the foundational structure of the weave, starting from basic components. The second group of construction methods deals with the assembly of specific parts of pattern rapports using the initial elements established in Group 1. It involves combining and arranging these elements to form intricate patterns within the weave. This stage contributes to the development of more complex and detailed designs. The third group is dedicated to specialized methods for constructing pattern rapports with a specific arrangement, often guided by a pre-determined drawing or design. This group involves intricate techniques that go beyond basic weaving, allowing for the creation of intricate and customized patterns based on artistic or functional requirements. The choice of the group is contingent upon the type of initial element essential for constructing the final desired weave. This systematic categorization enables weavers to select the most appropriate set of methods based on the intended design complexity and intricacy.
The agrophysical properties effects in syderation used short-row sowing on soil
Authors: Kenjaev Yunus , Aripov Razzak
Published: March 2024

In short-term cotton-crop rotation fields agrophysical features was achieved improvement by sowing pure rape, peas + rape, peas + rape + chick peas are 22–32 tons of biomass per hectare of land is sown in the fall. In particular, when peas + rape, peas + rape + chick peas are used as siderites, macroaggregates in the topsoil increase by 7.87–8.73% and in the subsoil by 3.35–3.50%, when water-resistant aggregates are planted with gooseberry (55.82%) and pea when mixed with rapeseed and peas (56.7%), and increased soil fertility. As a result, the decrease in soil volume had a significant effect on the increase in water permeability and soil moisture more than 2%. The highest moisture content was observed in the mixture of peas + rape + chick peas as a siderite, and when rapeseed was used in its pure form. Sideration has resulted in an increase in organic humus in the soil and an optimal retention of moisture.
Frequency of occurrence of field bugs-mirids on the cotton–alfalfa agrocenosis in the Tashkent oasis
Authors: Kuchkarov Abdivohid , Boltaboev Adamboy , Ibragimov Qahramon , Ergasheva Olimaxon , Makhmudov Mamlakat
Published: March 2024

On the basis of the collections and observations conducted by the authors in 2016–2021, various points within the Tashkent region. The observations on cotton crops and weeds were conducted in the spring and summer seasons. The counts were performed on wild plants and plants surrounded by cotton crops. The seasonal dynamics was studied and the time when the maximum number of field bugs were observed on cotton plants, were identified.
Study on the influence of fertilizers on the yield and quality of barley and potatoes
Authors: Ergasheva Olimaxon , Qarshiboyev Sharof , Husanova Surayyo , Atashev Elyor , Toshpulatov Nusratillo , Yuldosheva Charos , Mustofoyev Ganisher
Published: March 2024

Improved plant nutrition when applying organic and mineral fertilizers occurs due to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium from fertilizers and soil. A significant part of them is fixed by soil. Depending on the amount of fertilizer applied and the mobility of soil nutrients, different conditions for the formation of the crop and its quality are created. Reproduction of soil fertility and increase in crop yields can only be achieved on the basis of the scientifically based use of fertilizers and other chemicals in crop rotations. Currently, the rational use of fertilizers, both organic and mineral, to increase productivity, quality of crops and improve soil fertility is of particular importance. Studying the effectiveness of various fertilizer systems in crop rotations and biologization of agriculture are currently becoming particularly important. Hence, this study highlights the comprehensive information on the influence of various fertilizer on the yield and quality of barley and potatoes.
Study on Species and Age Structure of Forests: Optimization of Forest Stand Completeness
Authors: Chorshanbiyev Farxod , Abdullayev Obidjon , Khalilova Kamola , Kodirova Mamlakat , Xalimjanov Abduqunduz , Rakhimov Umarbek , Rakhimov Jakhongir
Published: March 2024

This scientific paper investigates the critical aspects associated with optimizing the species composition and age structure within forest ecosystems to achieve a state of completeness. The study emphasizes the ecological, economic, and social dimensions of forest management, with a focus on enhancing biodiversity, ensuring sustainability, and promoting resilience to environmental changes. Through a comprehensive review of literature, empirical data, and case studies, this paper provides insights into the strategic approaches and key considerations for forest stand completeness optimization.
Influence of burning methods on the growth development and qualitative yield of apricot seedlings
Authors: Normuratov Ilkhom , Namozov Ikhtiyor , Khomidjonov Abdumumin
Published: March 2024

This article presents the results of an experiment to determine the optimal height to increase the level of resistance of apricot seedlings with a bud grafting method. In the experiment, a method was tested for grafting the buds of fruitful local varieties of grafted apricot to modern low-growing scions of different heights. In this case, apricot seedlings of the varieties Yubileiny Navoi, Subkhany, Isfarak and Ak Kandak were grafted onto Mirobalan rootstocks. According to observations, the number of dead shoots before the first observation period when grafting the best grafting height of shoots onto scions Morabolan and Morabolan 29C, prop-agated by vegetative means, is 5 cm and is 9-10%, respectively. The largest number of dead buds was observed in the apricot variety Ak Kandak (up to 13%) in this variant of the experiment.
Promising directions determination of the forecast values development of agrobiochemistry services in the Aral Sea Basin
Authors: Ataev Jasur , Sarsenbaev Bakhitjan , Tleuov Nietulla , Bisenbaev Sharyar
Published: March 2024

Based on the developed forecast, stable growth rates are expected for bio laboratory services in the region over the next five years. Specifically, by 2027, there will be a decrease in the growth rate by 5.1%, but an overall increase of 1.3 times is anticipated if the cost of gross services rendered amounts to 5087.6 thousand UZS. Additionally, the number of enterprises is projected to increase by 1.17 times compared to 2022 by 2027. The forecast indicates that in 2023, there will be a 9.6% increase in the number of operating enterprises, but only a 6.4% increase in the volume of services. This leads to a reduction in the volume of services per entity. To address this issue, it is proposed to support entities that supply bio laboratory services. This support could help maintain and improve the quality and availability of bio laboratory services in the region.
Control of microbiological contamination and content of cations in wastewater of grain processing enterprises in Uzbekistan
Authors: Djakhangirova Gulnoza , Miralimova Aziza , Maxmudova Dildora , Egamberdiev Elmurod , Sharipova Umida , Ziyaeva Mavluda , Ergashev Yorqinjon
Published: March 2024

The microbiological contamination of wastewater leaving the grain washing equipment of the flour mill of JSC "Galla Alteg" has been studied, and the results of determining ions using the ion chromatographic method are also presented. The relationship between the hydrogeochemical characteristics of the grain growing environment and the chemical composition of wastewater has been studied. It has been established that the ratio of the total concentration of cations in wastewater is specific. This allows you to obtain information about the type of adsorbent that can be used in the future to purify this type of wastewater.
Ensuring sustainable future: The interconnectedness of food safety and environmental health
Authors: Mukhitdinova Kamola , Tarakhtieva Gulmira
Published: March 2024

This article provides a nuanced exploration of the intricate relationship between food safety and environmental sustainability, acknowledging the multifaceted challenges posed by factors such as climate change, water quality, and biodiversity loss. The intersection of these environmental dynamics with food safety issues is carefully examined, emphasizing the need for a holistic understanding of the complex interplay between our food systems and the environment. A focal point of the article is the examination of sustainable agricultural practices as crucial components in mitigating the challenges posed by environmental factors. Precision farming and biotechnology are discussed as key strategies that can contribute to not only enhancing food safety but also promoting environmental stewardship. The article delves into how these innovative approaches can optimize resource use, reduce environmental impact, and bolster the resilience of food production systems. The integration of food safety considerations with sustainable agricultural practices is underscored as a pivotal aspect of addressing the broader challenges at hand. By adopting a comprehensive and integrated approach, the article suggests that it is possible to navigate the intricate balance between ensuring the safety of our food supply and safeguarding the health of the environment. The article advocates for global cooperation, policy integration, and heightened public awareness as critical components in advancing sustainable practices within the realm of food production. It recognizes that achieving true sustainability necessitates a collective effort that extends beyond individual sectors and borders.
Process investigation of ion sorption of complex compounds made by chromium, zinc, nickel and cobalt contained in wastewater bentonite clay
Authors: Mukhtorova Nigora , Aliev Bokhodir , Sabirov Baxtiyor , Umirov Uktam , Shokhakimova Aziza , Ergashev Yorkinjon
Published: March 2024

This article outlines the outcomes of laboratory investigations focusing on the sorption behavior of Cr (III, VI), Zn, Ni, and Co on bentonite. The study encompasses a broad spectrum of solution pH levels and sortable component concentrations, aiming to unveil the states of micro-components in aqueous solutions. The research also addresses the identification of optimal chemical concentration conditions and the establishment of a sorption mechanism for these components on clay adsorbents based on bentonite. In aqueous solutions, the ions of these metals undergo hydrolysis, resulting in the formation of complex compounds. The study discerns that the sorption process on bentonite clays predominantly initiates at pH levels around 4-5 and concludes at pH exceeding 7.5-10. These findings shed light on the critical pH ranges where sorption reactions are most significant and highlight the cessation of sorption at elevated pH levels. The research contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the sorption dynamics between bentonite and metal ions, emphasizing the pH-dependent nature of these interactions. By identifying the optimal conditions for sorption and elucidating the underlying mechanisms, this study offers valuable insights into leveraging bentonite clay as an effective adsorbent for the removal of Cr (III, VI), Zn, Ni, and Co from aqueous solutions.
Issues of financing of agricultural complexes and their economic analysis
Authors: Ilhom Ochilov
Published: March 2024

This article delves into the multifaceted realm of financing agroclusters, offering an economic analysis that centers on research findings within cotton-textile clusters. The study not only presents insights into the existing financial landscape but also formulates valuable suggestions and recommendations aimed at enhancing the financial analysis of agroclusters. The article addresses the intricacies of financing within agroclusters, recognizing the unique challenges and opportunities associated with this specialized form of agricultural collaboration. It likely explores diverse funding sources, investment structures, and financial mechanisms tailored to the context of agroclusters. A significant portion of the article focuses on the economic analysis conducted specifically within cotton-textile clusters. This analysis likely involves assessing various economic indicators, performance metrics, and financial outcomes within the context of the cotton and textile industries. The research findings presented in the article shed light on the current state and dynamics of cotton-textile clusters. These results may encompass aspects such as cluster productivity, economic efficiency, profitability, and the overall financial health of the clusters. By addressing the financing challenges specific to agroclusters and conducting an economic analysis within the cotton-textile context, this article contributes to the broader discourse on agricultural cluster development. The formulated suggestions and recommendations further add a prescriptive dimension, offering practical pathways for improving financial analysis methodologies within the agrocluster framework. Overall, this research is positioned to inform decision-makers and industry stakeholders in optimizing financial strategies for the benefit of agroclusters in the cotton-textile sector.
Investigating the process of refining rapeseed oil
Authors: Yunusov Obidjon , Ayubova Indirakhon , Nomozov Orifjon , Qodirov Azizbek , Qodirov Zufarjon , Ergashev Yorkinjon , Buranova Dilfuza
Published: March 2024

The alkaline refining method for rapeseed oil is considered rational; however, it faces certain challenges in terms of meeting the required physical and chemical indicators, as well as the quality standards for the refined oil. Therefore, enhancing the efficiency of rapeseed oil refining has become an important objective. In addition to rapeseed oil, there is a growing need for the development of an effective technology for refining sunflower oil. This technology aims to significantly increase the yield of refined oil and improve its overall quality. The development of such an efficient refining process holds great significance. It involves optimizing various stages of the refining process, including degumming, neutralization, bleaching, and deodorization. By implementing advanced techniques and precise control over process parameters, it becomes possible to achieve higher yields of refined oil while ensuring the desired quality characteristics. Efforts are being directed towards improving the physical and chemical indicators of the refined oil, such as reducing the acid value, peroxide value, and color, as well as minimizing impurities and undesirable flavors. Furthermore, innovative strategies are being explored to enhance the overall nutritional value and oxidative stability of the refined oil.
A convergent finite-volume scheme for nonlocal cross-diffusion systems for multi-species populations
Authors: Jüngel Ansgar , Portisch Stefan , Zurek Antoine
Published: March 2024

An implicit Euler finite-volume scheme for a nonlocal cross-diffusion system on the one-dimensional torus, arising in population dynamics, is proposed and analyzed. The kernels are assumed to be in detailed balance and satisfy a weak cross-diffusion condition. The latter condition allows for negative off-diagonal coefficients and for kernels defined by an indicator function. The scheme preserves the nonnegativity of the densities, conservation of mass, and production of the Boltzmann and Rao entropies. The key idea is to “translate” the entropy calculations for the continuous equations to the finite-volume scheme, in particular to design discretizations of the mobilities, which guarantee a discrete chain rule even in the presence of nonlocal terms. Based on this idea, the existence of finite-volume solutions and the convergence of the scheme are proven. As a by-product, we deduce the existence of weak solutions to the continuous cross-diffusion system. Finally, we present some numerical experiments illustrating the behavior of the solutions to the nonlocal and associated local models.
Molaren-Inzisiven-Hypomineralisation (MIH) –
Kieferorthopädischer Ansatz
Authors: Cudovic Borko , Savio Thorsten Schneider-Del
Published: March 2024

Die ersten Molaren eruptieren in der Regel im 6. Lebensjahr eines Kindes.
Parallel zur Eruption der ersten Molaren brechen die vorderen
Schneidezähne durch. Obwohl Kariesbefall in Deutschland
rückläufig ist, beobachten die Wissenschaftler ein weiteres
Phänomen mit multifaktoriellen Ursachen: die
Molaren-Inzisiven-Hypomineralisation (MIH). Es handelt sich dabei um eine
Fehlbildung (Hypomineralisation) des Zahnschmelzes, da Calcium und Phosphor
fehlen 1. Im Folgenden zeigen wir Patienten
mit MIH-betroffenen Zähnen, vornehmlich der Sechsjahrmolaren, die im
Zuge der Nichterhaltungsfähigkeit extrahiert wurden. Es wurde ein
kieferorthopädischer Lückenschluss mit konventionellen
Behandlungsmitteln (z. B. reziprok, Headgear, Transpalatinalbogen)
durchgeführt.
Die Analyse-Synthese von C. M. Boger – Teil 2: Verankerung in
Hahnemanns Werk und eine Kasuistik
Authors: Tils Christoph
Published: March 2024

Teil 2 ist die Fortsetzung eines in der AHZ 2/2023 erschienenen
Einführungsartikels zur Arbeitsweise Bogers. Er zeigt die tiefe Verankerung von
Bogers Synthese in Hahnemanns Werk: in der RAML und den CK über Boenninghausens
TB sowie beim Verständnis von Arznei- und Krankheits- einschließlich
Gemütssymptomen in der „Charakteristik“ Hahnemanns. Letztere wurde von den
folgenden Generationen über den Aufbau von Repertorien und Materiae medicae als
universales Werkzeug entwickelt und konsolidiert bis hin zur Synthese Bogers.
Sie wird in Beziehung gesetzt zu Ähnlichkeitsparametern heutiger Schulen mit
Aufzeigen der Schwierigkeit der Kombination solch verschiedener Arbeitsmittel.
Zur Veranschaulichung der praktischen Anwendung der Charakteristik Hahnemanns
mit Bogers Werkzeugen folgt eine Kasuistik.
Surgical Procedures for the Treatment of Stress Urinary Incontinence (SUI) in the Light of the Updated FDA-Warning and its Effects on Practice Patterns in Germany between 2010 and 2021
Authors: Naumann Gert , Huebner Markus , Taran Florin-Andrei , Tunn Ralf , Reisenauer Christl , Neis Felix
Published: March 2024

Changes in surgical practice patterns to cure stress urinary incontinence (SUI) became evident after FDA warnings regarding vaginal mesh were issued. The primary aim was to describe
nationwide numbers of suburethral alloplastic slings (SAS) inserted in 2010, 2015, 2018 and 2021 in Germany. Secondary, numbers were related to SUI specific non-alloplastic alternatives and
bulking agents. Additionally, age distribution and overall inpatient surgeries in women were subject to analysis.

Descriptive study utilizing data gathered from the German Federal Statistical Office (www.destatis.de). Included were the following procedures of
inpatient surgery: A. SAS; B. non-allplastic slings; C. open/laparoscopic colposuspension; D. Bulking agents; overall changes and changes in age distribution (groups of 5-years intervals) are
described.

Overall, n = 3599466 female inpatient procedures were analyzed. There was a considerable decrease of SAS surgeries of 28.49% between 2010 (n = 23464) and 2015 (n = 16778), and a decrease
of 12.42% between 2015 and 2018 (n = 14695) and an additional decrease of 40.66% between 2018 and 2021 (n = 8720). Over time a 55.03% continuous decrease in non-alloplastic slings was observed
(n = 725 in 2010 to n = 326 in 2021). Open and laparoscopic colposuspension numbers went down with a rate of 58.23% (n = 4415 in 2010, n = 1844 in 2021). Between 2010 and 2018, only bulking
agent procedures increased with a rate of 5.89% from n = 1425 to n = 1509.

There was a considerable decrease in inpatient surgical procedures using SAS. Alternatives not only failed to compensate, but experienced also a major decline.
Endoskopische Diagnostik und Therapie von malignen epithelialen Läsionen und ihren Vorläufern im Ösophagus
Authors: Wannhoff Andreas , Caca Karel
Published: March 2024

Die Endoskopie ist der Goldstandard für die Diagnose von bösartigen Tumoren des Ösophagus und ihren Vorläuferläsionen. Darüber hinaus ist die endoskopische Behandlung dieser Vorläuferläsionen und des frühen Ösophaguskarzinoms gut untersucht und fest etabliert. Dazu gehören dysplastische Läsionen im Zusammenhang mit dem Barrett-Ösophagus und frühe Adenokarzinome sowie frühe Plattenepithelkarzinome des Ösophagus. Die Rolle der Endoskopie bei der Diagnose und Behandlung dieser Läsionen wird zusammenfassend dargestellt.
Examining the Generalizability of Pretrained De-identification Transformer Models on Narrative Nursing Notes
Authors: Chen Fangyi , Bokhari Syed Mohtashim Abbas , Cato Kenrick , Gürsoy Gamze , Rossetti Sarah
Published: March 2024

Background Narrative nursing notes are a valuable resource in informatics research with unique predictive signals about patient care. The open sharing of these data, however, is appropriately constrained by rigorous regulations set by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) for the protection of privacy. Several models have been developed and evaluated on the open-source i2b2 dataset. A focus on the generalizability of these models with respect to nursing notes remains understudied.

Objectives The study aims to understand the generalizability of pretrained transformer models and investigate the variability of personal protected health information (PHI) distribution patterns between discharge summaries and nursing notes with a goal to inform the future design for model evaluation schema.

Methods Two pretrained transformer models (RoBERTa, ClinicalBERT) fine-tuned on i2b2 2014 discharge summaries were evaluated on our data inpatient nursing notes and compared with the baseline performance. Statistical testing was deployed to assess differences in PHI distribution across discharge summaries and nursing notes.

Results RoBERTa achieved the optimal performance when tested on an external source of data, with an F1 score of 0.887 across PHI categories and 0.932 in the PHI binary task. Overall, discharge summaries contained a higher number of PHI instances and categories of PHI compared with inpatient nursing notes.

Conclusion The study investigated the applicability of two pretrained transformers on inpatient nursing notes and examined the distinctions between nursing notes and discharge summaries concerning the utilization of personal PHI. Discharge summaries presented a greater quantity of PHI instances and types when compared with narrative nursing notes, but narrative nursing notes exhibited more diversity in the types of PHI present, with some pertaining to patient's personal life. The insights obtained from the research help improve the design and selection of algorithms, as well as contribute to the development of suitable performance thresholds for PHI.
Groin reconstruction by anterolateral thigh flap: A review of 16 cases
Authors: Ahmad Quazi Ghazwan , Reddy Murali , Shetty Kanti P. , Prasad J. S. Rajendra , Bhathena Hosi. M.
Published: March 2024

We present our expeilence of pedicled Anterolateral thigh flap for reconstruction of groin defects in cancer patients. Total of 17 flaps in 16 patients were performed between January 2001 to May 2003. 15 flaps were used for groin defects after node dissection for carcinoma of Penis (bilateral groin defects in one patient), 1 case of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of groin and 1 case of Soft Tissue Sarcoma of groin. All patients were male. 16 were myocutaneous variety and 1 was fasciocutaneous flap based on the septocutaneous perforator. Complications were few and all patients achieved durable long-term coverage. We found the flap to be technically easy and reliable.
Reliance on double pedicle TRAM flap technique in breast reconstruction based on mammographic evidence
Authors: Yüksel Fuat , Silit Emir , Çeliköz Bahattin
Published: March 2024

Breast reconstruction is now a part of the overall treatment of breast cancer. Its main drawback is rather the suspicion to conceal any probable recurrence. Fat necrosis is a particularly important finding because it can be mistaken for a local recurrence. Alternatively, local recurrences may be dismissed as areas of fat necrosis. Fat necrosis is a relatively minor complication of TRAM flap breast reconstruction but one that can induce anxiety, expense, and inconvenience for patients and concerns about tumor recurrence. The techniques selected for reconstruction must carry the least risks for these awful complications.

15 breast cancer cases were treated in our center by using Bostwick's principles. These include double-pedicle technique in cases with one or two risk factors and added vascular delay two weeks prior to this procedure in cases with more risk factors.

During the follow up period, neither the patients nor her physicians experienced any nodules in their treatment sites clinically. One case is the only exception that she felt hardness but it softened.

Mammographically, no images of fat necrosis were observed in any of the cases.

In contrary to other studies reporting no advantages of double pedicle technique to lessen the risk for fat necrosis, we observed fat necrosis only in one of 15 cases. This may be because both sides of the flap are supplied axially and delay procedures are added in high risk patients.
Safe method for release of severe post burn neck contracture under tumescent local anaesthesia and ketamine
Authors: Agarwal Pawan
Published: March 2024

Severe post burn neck contracture results in difficult intubation, which can be life threatening and can result in multiple serious complications and sequels. Thirty patients with age ranging from 12 to 50 years were operated under iocai tumescent anesthesia suppiemented with intravenous ketamine for release of post burn neck contracture and split skin grafted. This technique obviates the need for endotracheal intubation. There were no complications attributed to this anesthesia technique. There was no graft ioss and biood ioss was minimai.
Robust design optimization of spin algorithm to reduce spinning time and vibration in washing machine
Authors: In Daekil , Lim Dae-Guen , Min Junhong , Kim Seung-Wook , Seo Hyunseok , Kim Sungmin , Choi Dong-Hoon , Cheong Cheolung
Published: March 2024

This study focuses on optimizing the spin algorithm of washing machines to reduce spin time and vibration, two crucial performance metrics often in a trade-off relationship due to structural limitations. We developed a simulator for the spin process that accounts for the uncertainty associated with the clothes’ position in the drum. Using this simulator, we designed a robust optimization algorithm to minimize spin time while maintaining acceptable vibration levels. The variation in the mass and position of laundry within the drum primarily affects vibration performance during the spin process. We formulated the unknown unbalance caused by the laundry as test-implementable unbalance parameters (UBP), represented as random variables. The uncertainties in the laundry’s unbalance for repeated experiments were estimated by the distribution of these UBPs. Experiments were conducted at parametrically designed points to measure vibrations and internal sensor values for control in specific revolutions per minute (RPM)ranges. These data were used to create approximate models. Monte Carlo simulation was then applied with UBP distributions obtained from the clothing experiments to meta-models, and the simulator was equipped with the spin algorithm. This process allowed us to predict the distribution of the maximum tub vibration displacement and spin time. A robust optimization algorithm was subsequently applied to the simulation model to derive the optimal spin algorithm. The proposed methodology yielded substantial improvements: a 25% reduction in the mean value of maximum displacement and a 90% reduction in the mean value of spin time compared to initial values.
Numerical simulation of the flow and output of a Savonius hydraulic turbine using the lattice Boltzmann method
Authors: Uchiyama Tomomi , Seta Takeshi , Iio Shouichiro , Ikeda Toshihiko , Takamure Kotaro
Published: March 2024

The flow and output of a Savonius hydraulic turbine rotor were simulated using the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). The rotor, characterized by a configuration featuring two semi-circular arc-shaped blades, operated at a Reynolds number of 1.1 × 105. The simulations were conducted in a two-dimensional domain, focusing on the incompressible flow within the cross-sectional area of the rotor perpendicular to its rotational axis. The LBM approach was coupled with a rotor rotation analysis. In the LBM framework, the non-orthogonal central moment model was employed for the precise computation of particle collisions. Additionally, the direct forcing method was used to consider the rotating blades and shaft. Consequently, the torque exerted on both advancing and returning blades and rotor output was successfully simulated. These simulations unveiled the inherently unsteady rotational behavior of the rotor, stemming from the variable torque acting upon the blades. Moreover, the computational results exhibited a notable agreement between the simulated flow pattern around the rotor and the experimental visualization. Furthermore, an approximately identical correlation between the rotor speed and power output was established, mirroring the experimental results. These findings underscore the robust applicability of LBM in facilitating the design and operational analysis of Savonius hydraulic turbines.