EXİSTİNG PROBLEMS İN THE SPHERE OF DEVELOPMENT OF İNTERNATİONAL TRADE İN THE REPUBLİC OF AZERBAİJAN
Authors: Muslumat Allahverdiyeva Muslumat Allahverdiyeva , Rashad Gojayev Rashad Gojayev 
Published: April 2023

International trade can simply be defined as the cross-border movement of tradable goods. Although this circulation adds value to the trading parties, it indirectly affects the economy of the countries. In order to increase the added value of international trade and its positive impact on economies, countries, groups of countries and institutions and organizations responsible for regulating and developing international trade are making great efforts. In this direction, continuous and various regulations, rules, terms and practices are being prepared for the development and facilitation of international trade. At the same time, systems are created in parallel with administrative and technological developments. The purpose of international trade facilitation is to eliminate the difficulties in transactions necessary for trade, reduce the documents and costs required in these transactions, and thus simplify trade by speeding up the exchange of salable goods between sellers and buyers. By facilitating international trade, reducing trade costs and increasing speed, investment, especially trade, increases production and employment, thus contributing to economic development.
Foreign trade is a means for countries to develop economic relations in the field of specialization, to increase the productivity of economic resources, and to increase the total volume of production. International trade is included as international resource mobility. According to product specialization, foreign trade activity is divided into trade in finished goods, machinery and equipment, raw materials and services. International trade refers to the aggregate trade between all countries of the world. In modern conditions, the country's active participation in world trade allows for more efficient activity. Therefore, participation in world trade is of particular importance for Azerbaijan, which has embarked on the path of creating a developed market economy. After gaining independence, the main role of Azerbaijan in its international trade was with oil and oil products. The use of oil and natural gas resources in the Azerbaijani sector of the Caspian Sea has expanded year by year and fully ensured the energy security of the country. The special weight and strategic importance of Azerbaijan in the world energy supply has also increased. Due to the expansion of the use of gas in the Shah Deniz field, Azerbaijan was able to fully satisfy its domestic demand and export this type of natural gas to international markets. These led to the creation of a multifaceted transport system. An important component of the oil strategy was the creation of a multi-variant pipeline transport infrastructure that enables large-scale transportation and export of oil and gas produced in cooperation with foreign companies. Thus, in the first years of the oil strategy, the Baku-Novorossiysk and Baku-Supsa pipelines were reconstructed, and later, the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan oil and Baku-Tbilisi-Erzurum gas pipelines named after Heydar Aliyev were built, which are reliable and large-scale oil pipelines. These pipelines accelerated the development of economic relations between Azerbaijan, Georgia, Turkey and the Central Asian region, and this created conditions for facilitating exports. Thanks to the operation of the gas transportation infrastructure, especially the Baku-Tbilisi-Erzurum natural gas pipeline, Azerbaijan has become the main gas exporter of the West and one of the global energy security providers. Azerbaijan's energy security has been ensured and its share in world energy supply has increased. After the pipeline transport infrastructure was put into use, after large-scale hydrocarbon reserves were released to the world market, a multilateral transport policy was implemented, and foreign currency inflows to the country increased rapidly.
The article evaluates the role of Azerbaijan in international trade and identifies the problems it faces. The problems of marketing in the sphere of international trade in the Republic of Azerbaijan have been reviewed.
As a result of the steps taken in the field of increasing the export potential and intervention of the state in the economic processes, the expansion of the trade and export operations of the republic with the countries of the world was brought into consideration.
It was noted that the mechanism of state export promotion in industrialized countries is characterized by the diversity and active participation of the state. It was emphasized that the expenses of the state are paid due to the increase in profits from international trade, increase in production and employment, increase in tax revenues and other sources.
It has been reflected that complex measures should be implemented in order to increase the export potential of Azerbaijan and bring the export structure to an optimal state. At the same time, the necessity of developing a long-term strategic, science-based state program that stimulates the export of non-oil industries, first of all, based on the experience of the countries of the world, was noted. When implementing such a program, it was pointed out that it is inevitable to create a special mechanism that supports export-oriented industrial enterprises from an organizational and financial point of view.
Optimizing Azerbaijan’s export structure in international trade and ensuring multi-field growth of export potential is one of the most important problems facing the country today.
Keywords: international trade, marketing strategy, export structure, economic process, potential.