bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Гарантії дотримання норм професійної етики суддею, прокурором і адвокатом (на прикладі України)
Authors:   Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University, Марюхно Віталій
Published: May 2024

The scientific article is devoted to guarantees of compliance with professional ethics by judges, prosecutors and lawyers. The purpose of the article is the scientific development of the problems of guarantees of compliance with the professional ethics of the judge, prosecutor and lawyer by defining the concept of guarantees of compliance with professional ethics, defining the main varieties of these guarantees, as well as providing their general characteristics. The scientific article formulates the concept of guarantees of compliance with professional ethics as special legal means aimed at ensuring compliance of professional activity and out-of-service behavior of representatives of relevant legal professions with ethical requirements, prevention of violations of professional ethics and elimination of their negative consequences. The main types of guarantees of compliance with professional ethics by judges, prosecutors and lawyers, namely: ethical selection; making an oath; development and approval of codes of ethics; study of ethics; activities of the relevant authorized bodies; responsibility for ethics violations. It is concluded that these guarantees are typical for representatives of various legal professions, due to the unified legal nature of the rules of professional ethics for lawyers. In view of this, the further development of such guarantees is seen in their unification and improvement of the regulatory regulation of the professional ethics of judges, prosecutors and lawyers, as well as the practice of its application. It is proved that these guarantees constitute an orderly system, that in unity and interconnection allows to establish certain ethical rules and norms, to bring them to the attention of interested persons, to determine the state of their observance and to ensure the most complete implementation in professional activity. Based on the analysis of the current legislation of Ukraine on the judiciary and the status of judges, the prosecutor’s office and the bar examined in detail the content of each of these guarantees. Their influence on the observance of professional ethics of judges, prosecutors and lawyers is determined.
Удосконалення кримінального законодавства України в умовах російсько-української війни 2022 року
Authors:   Tavriski Christian Institute, Марюхно Віталій
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the review of the amendments to the Criminal Code of Ukraine adopted by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine during the first month since the beginning of the next act of armed aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine. The analyzed period is limited to the timeframe from February 24 to March 25, 2022. During this period, the Ukrainian parliament adopted 10 pieces of legislation related to amendments to the Criminal Code of Ukraine. It is noted that the relevant amendments to the legislation were made throughout Ukraine during the period of martial law. The main purpose of the adopted changes was to strengthen criminal liability for crimes committed during martial law and criminalize certain acts that have not yet provided for the occurrence of criminal liability. The first law to supplement the criminal legislation of Ukraine during martial law was the law on collaboration. Collaborative activities are now understood as a fairly wide range of criminal acts: public denial of armed aggression against Ukraine; public appeals to support the decisions and/or actions of the aggressor state; propaganda in educational institutions, voluntary employment in illegal authorities, etc. Also, the Criminal Code of Ukraine is supplemented with articles criminalizing the threat of murder of a serviceman (including production/distribution of materials containing such a threat) and justification, recognition of legitimate, denial of armed aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine (including production/distribution of relevant materials). In terms of liability for treason and sabotage, the legislator strengthened the liability of perpetrators to life imprisonment with confiscation of property (if the relevant crimes were committed under martial law). A separate law stipulates that civilians are not criminally liable for the use of firearms against persons who carry out armed aggression against Ukraine if such weapons are used in accordance with the requirements of a special law. Criminal liability for theft, robbery, banditry, and extortion has been strengthened. Responsibility for looting has also been strengthened. The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine also passed a law recognizing the fulfillment of the duty to protect the Fatherland, independence, and territorial integrity of Ukraine as a circumstance that excludes criminal wrongdoing. Laws were also passed to increase criminal liability for cybercrime, establish liability for the illegal use of humanitarian aid, and disseminate information on the relocation, movement, or position of the Armed Forces of Ukraine).
Matki demokracji. Zaangażowanie kobiet w walkę o wolną Polskę w latach 80.
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Stasiak Wiktoria , Zwoleń Gabriela ,   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this article is to present a cross-section of the 1980s in Poland from the perspective of female protagonists and to describe the role they played in the process of democratic changes, their involvement in the active opposition, strikes and later the Solidarity underground. The aim is to describe how they coped with everyday struggles, what roles they took on in life and highlight their contribution to the gradual liberation from the communist regime. Women took an active part in the struggle for Poland’s independence. Women described in this article manifested their opinions on politics, labor and civil rights. In presenting the activities of women’s resistance, the authors took into account gender and cultural perspectives. The article was written based on historical publications, interviews with witnesses of the aforementioned events and opposition activists themselves, as well as articles on the subject.
Oral Administration of Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes) Extract Protects Gingival Tissues against Proinflammatory TNF-α and Oxidative Stress in Periodontitis Model Rats
Authors: Hossain Shahdat , Rahman Mohammad Azizur , Uddin Borhan , Nahar Taslima , Sarkar Marzan , Joy Shoriful Islam , Baraik Anuradha
Published: May 2024

Ganoderma lucidum is a medicinal mushroom that has been used since ancient times. We studied whether chronic oral administration of G. lucidum extract withstands increases in levels of proinflammatory TNF-α and lipid peroxide (LPO), an indicator of oxidative stress, in the gingival tissues of periodontitis model rats. G. lucidum extract was initially examined for inhibition of in vitro oxidative stress, produced by Fenton's reagents in whole homogenates of fresh gum tissues from rats. Prior to in vivo and in vitro experiments with rats, G. lucidum extract was quantitatively tested for its total polyphenol and/or flavonoid contents and ability to scavenge 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-free radicals. Chronic oral administration of G. lucidum extract (300 mg/kg BW) significantly decreased TNF-α and LPO levels in the gingival tissues of periodontitis model rats. G. lucidum extract also inhibited (P < 0.05) in vitro oxidative stress, as indicated by reduced levels of LPO in G. lucidum extract-preincubated gum tissue homogenates of fresh rats. The in vitro results were, thus, consistent with the in vivo inhibition of lipid peroxidation, DPPH free radical-scavenging effects, and the presence of total polyphenols/flavonoids in G. lucidum extract. Our results provide the evidence, at least partially, for the beneficial effects of G. lucidum on periodontitis, an inflammatory condition of gums which is associated with oxidative stress and preceded by infectious gum diseases.
On the use of aluminium alloys in sustainable design, construction and rehabilitation of bridges
Authors: Georgantzia Evangelia , Kashani Mohammad Mehdi
Published: May 2024

Over the last few decades, aluminium alloys have been widely used as primary structural material in building construction. This is due to their advantageous properties such as low density, high strength-to-weight ratio, durability, excellent corrosion resistance and high recyclability. The aim of this review paper is to explore the potential use of aluminium alloys in bridge design and construction. To this end, a thorough discussion of the material properties is presented to identify if aluminium alloys can meet bridge design and construction requirements. Particular emphasis is also given to the total life-cycle cost of aluminium alloys and their potential role towards sustainability and reducing the carbon dioxide emissions related to bridge structures. Moreover, the possibility of using aluminium alloys for bridge rehabilitation and strengthening is investigated. A review of existing research on the static, dynamic and fatigue structural response of aluminium bridge decks is also presented. The main findings are highlighted, research gaps are identified and future research to fill these gaps is recommended.
Traffic crash prediction in Kano, Nigeria: multivariate long short-term memory method
Authors: Labbo Muwaffaq Safiyanu , Jiang Xinguo , Jean de Dieu Gatesi
Published: May 2024

Accurate traffic crash prediction is crucial for implementing effective road safety measures. In this study, the performance of long short-term memory (LSTM) and multivariate LSTM (MLSTM) models in forecasting total crash count data in Kano state, Nigeria were compared. Human and vehicle factors, including speed violations, tyre bursts, brake failures, sign/light violations and phone use while driving, were incorporated as covariates in the MLSTM model. An autoregressive integrated moving average with exogenous variables (Arimax) model was used to investigate the effects of the covariates. The MLSTM model outperformed both the basic LSTM model and individual covariate models, emphasising the synergistic effect of considering a broad range of factors. The Arimax model results revealed that speed violation is significantly positively correlated with total crashes; the other covariates showed positive correlations but did not reach the statistical significance. The findings underscore the importance of a multivariate approach in enhancing traffic crash prediction. The MLSTM model's superior performance highlights the value of considering a comprehensive range of factors that influence crash occurrence to achieve more accurate predictions. Practical applications of these models could involve leveraging them for proactive traffic safety measures, including increased enforcement of traffic rules, improvements to road infrastructure and targeted driver education and campaigns.
Implementing Linked Art in a Multi-Modal Database for Cross-Collection Discovery
Authors: Sanderson Robert
Published: May 2024

Yale University has implemented a knowledge graph based discovery system that brings together the various art, natural history, archival, conservation and bibliographic collections using Linked Open Usable Data standards such as Linked Art and IIIF. This system comprises more than 41 million records, which would expand to more than 2 billion RDF triples, and is thus at a similar scale to Europeana. This paper presents the lessons learned from the five year effort around the usability of linked data structures across the organization, the technologies needed to make use of the knowledge in a performant way, and the appropriate design paradigms for front end applications which make the graph easily and intuitively accessible to researchers and the public, including the necessity of consistency in data modeling, that records are an essential concept to maintain through multi-modal systems, and the use of hypertext and web caches to maintain the separation between systems.
Implementation of a Systematic Approach in the Activities of Infrastructure Organizations to Support Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises at the Regional Level
Authors: Khokhlova Natalya
Published: May 2024

The development of the sphere of small and medium-sized entrepreneurship contributes to the economic growth of the state, the creation of the middle class as a guarantor of a democratic, economically prosperous, socially prosperous society. In this context, it is relevant to substantiate decisions aimed at improving the activities of development institutions and infrastructure organizations supporting small and medium-sized enterprises at the regional level. The purpose of the study is to apply the scientific foundations of the systematic approach to the development of management decisions aimed at improving the efficiency and effectiveness of the infrastructure to support small and medium-sized businesses: attention is drawn to the need for competent and reasonable strategy (goal-setting) of infrastructure organizations, including taking into account available resources, as well as the relevance of the reorientation of thinking of mechanistic structures from bureaucratic to entrepreneurial. The research methodology is based on the causal analysis, the structural analysis of the organization, and public opinion polling. Official statistics on the activities of infrastructure and medium-sized enterprises in the regions, reporting by State bodies on the implementation of State programs and national programs served as an information and empirical basis for the study. The object of monitoring is the sphere of small and medium-sized entrepreneurship, as well as the activities of the Business Support and Development Fund of the Irkutsk region Center «My Business» as an infrastructure organization supporting small and medium-sized entrepreneurship in the Irkutsk region. The conducted research has shown the importance of using the systematic approach in developing support measures to improve the current state of small and medium-sized businesses in the subject of the Russian Federation.
The Impact of Illegal Logging on the State of the Rainforests of the Congo River Basin
Authors: Ngouadi Fred , Gorbunova Olga
Published: May 2024

In the modern world, one of the key problems on a planetary scale is the disappearance of tropical forests. In addition, the state of these forest ecosystems is of serious concern. The fight against the disappearance of tropical forests, especially due to illegal logging, is an integral part of the decisions taken to prevent negative climate impacts, and the most important task for the implementation of programs for the socio-economic development and protection of forests in Central Africa. The article describes the state of forests in the countries of the Congo River basin. The reasons for the degradation of forests and deforestation of the territory of this region are given, as well as the consequences of anthropogenic activities that have a huge direct and indirect impact on forest ecosystems. The lack of balance between economic, environmental and social components in the formation of national and subregional forest policy is reflected in legislation in this area. As a consequence, grounds for delinquency and illegal activities are created, and illegal logging continues in all countries of the Congo Basin. The authors analyzed the situation with illegal logging. It is shown that illegal logging not only has a devastating impact on forest ecosystems, but also deprives the state of income from the export of valuable timber and, thereby, destabilizes the situation in this subregion. The development of illegal activities is explained by the peculiarities of the forest management system, which has created a situation with relative impunity for offenders due to corruption and the imperfection of the regulatory framework. Solving the problem requires a deep reform of forest legislation and the development of a more effective system of economic measures to counter illegal logging of tropical forests in the countries of the Congo Basin.
Mandatory and Non-Required Sections: Correct Implementation in Procurement Provision in Public-Corporate Procurement Taking into Account the Analysis of Law Enforcement Practice
Authors: Doroshenko Tatyana , Sukhanova Irina
Published: May 2024

The provision on procurement is a fundamental local act of the customer working within the framework of Federal Law No. 223-FZ. The analysis of law enforcement practice and the works of scientists shows the lack of a unified approach to some issues related to the content of this document. The study evaluates the boundaries of the required and optional sections of the procurement provision, and analyzes their impact on the final result of the customer's procurement activities. Some common errors identified in the analysis of the procurement provisions of individual customers are systematized and recommendations are made for their correction. The article evaluates the correlation of sections that are not required to be included in the procurement provision and the effectiveness of procurement campaigns. The work provides the risk analysis in the absence of individual provisions of the document and evaluates the importance of procurement compliance.
Sociodemographic factors associated with vaccine hesitancy in the South Asian community in Canada
Authors: Manoharan Baanu , Stennett Rosain , de Souza Russell J. , Bangdiwala Shrikant I. , Desai Dipika , Kandasamy Sujane , Khan Farah , Khan Zainab , Lear Scott A. , Loh Lawrence , Nocos Rochelle , Schulze Karleen M. , Wahi Gita , Anand Sonia S.
Published: May 2024

Objective

South Asians represent the largest non-white ethnic group in Canada and were disproportionately impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. We sought to determine the factors associated with vaccine hesitancy in South Asian Canadians.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of vaccine hesitancy using data collected at the baseline assessment of a prospective cohort study, COVID CommUNITY South Asian. Participants (18 + years) were recruited from the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area in Ontario (ON) and the Greater Vancouver Area in British Columbia (BC) between April and November 2021. Demographic characteristics and vaccine attitudes measured by the Vaccine Attitudes Examination (VAX) scale were collected. Each item is scored on a 6-point Likert scale, and higher scores reflect greater hesitancy. A multivariable linear mixed effects model was used to identify sociodemographic factors associated with vaccine hesitancy, adjusting for multiple covariates.

Results

A total of 1496 self-identified South Asians (52% female) were analyzed (mean age = 38.5 years; standard deviation (SD): 15.3). The mean VAX score was 3.2, SD: 0.8 [range: 1.0‒6.0]. Factors associated with vaccine hesitancy included: time since immigration (p = 0.04), previous COVID-19 infection (p < 0.001), marital status (p < 0.001), living in a multigenerational household (p = 0.03), age (p = 0.02), education (p < 0.001), and employment status (p = 0.001).

Conclusion

Among South Asians living in ON and BC, time since immigration, prior COVID-19 infection, marital status, living in a multigenerational household, age, education, and employment status were associated with vaccine hesitancy. This information can be used to address vaccine hesitancy in the South Asian population in future COVID-19 waves or pandemics.
Conflict and Collaboration: Co-Teaching Dynamics in Bilingual Private Schools
Authors: Baran Melike Aslı , Demirkasımoğlu Nihan
Published: May 2024

This qualitative phenomenological inquiry aimed to explore the intricacies of conflict within the educational landscape, specifically focusing on its manifestation within the realm of private schools. The resultant dataset covered the perspectives of 37 teachers and four administrators through semi-structured interviews. This investigation leveraged the transformative power of in-depth interviews, engaging both co-teachers and school administrators, to unveil the layers of complexity hidden beneath the surface. The data analysis followed a series of thematic coding stages. The multifaceted findings uncovered a paradoxical landscape within the practice of co-teaching. While the practice itself was recognized as invaluable, a tapestry of conflicting issues emerged that warrant careful consideration. The salient points of discord that surfaced encompassed themes such avoidance of responsibility, inability to adapt to practice, not knowing the system, the partners paying more attention to their branch, intense program, lack of communication and different educational philosophies. Finally, a notable difference in perception arose: teachers often credited conflict resolution to the effectiveness of their administrators, whereas administrators leaned towards the idea that it depended on the competence of their fellow teachers. While teachers pushed for more in-service training and workshops, administrators argued that they already offer sufficient training opportunities. These results underscore the intricate dynamics within the education system. To facilitate successful co-teaching, both teachers and administrators must grasp this approach thoroughly.
The Effect of the Story Completion Technique on Creative Writing Skills
Authors: Şahin Ayfer , Dönmez Yağmur
Published: May 2024

Written works are the most significant tool in transmitting a society's culture to future generations. Therefore, enhancing the effectiveness and usage of creative writing is important. Various methods and techniques are employed in writing education to foster a love for writing from a young age and to aid in producing creative writing works. One such method involves completing unfinished stories. This study aims to demonstrate the effect of the story completion technique on students' creative writing skills. The study was conducted using a pre-test, post-test control group design among experimental studies. The sample consisted of 37 fourth-grade students from a primary school in the Central Anatolia Region, Türkiye with 19 in the experimental group and 18 in the control group. The experimental group was subjected to the story completion technique, while the control group received no special treatment and followed the Turkish language curriculum as planned by the teacher. The interventions lasted for 8 weeks. Data were collected by scoring students' creative writing products using the “Creative Writing Products Evaluation Scale” and were statistically processed using the SPSS software package. In the analysis of the data, the t-test was used for paired comparisons, and significance was sought at the .05 level. The results showed that students in the experimental group, who used the story completion technique, had significantly higher writing scores than those in the control group. Furthermore, it was observed that the writing levels of students in the experimental group improved from medium to good. These results indicate that the story completion technique is effective in enhancing students' creative writing skills.
“Talents and admirers” in the labour market
Authors: Durakova Irina B.
Published: May 2024

Subject. Currently, the priority in the labour market is given to employees who are determined to succeed, who can solve new challenges and contribute to the competitiveness of the organisation. This means that there is a need to provide up-to-date scientific definitions, factors, and criteria to assess success by using the “talents and admirers” dyad.Objectives. The purpose of the article was to provide an insight into the development of scientific thought regarding talented workers, to describe the evolution of human resource management which was divided into several stages, to describe methods of assessment and the peculiarities of the functioning of the “talents and admirers” dyad in relation to modern organisations.Methodology. The method of analysis was used to determine how the content of the term “talent” changed over the years, starting from the idea of “talanton” used in the financial system of Ancient Greece and finishing with ideas about innate and acquired talent. The method of synthesis was used to gain a single comprehensive view of the “talents and admirers” dyad adapted to the contemporary labour market. Tables and classifications were used to show the influence of the factors that shape the demand for the workforce qualified as talents.Results. The provisions of the article promote the idea about the necessity of talented workers in the labour market, they describe the characteristic features of talented workers, the reasons why this element should be included in the periodisation describing the evolution of human resource management; they also describe the influence of social and economic factors on the transformation of the labour market and the emergence of the category of “talent”.Conclusions. The content of the category “talent” varies depending on the field of human activity and the level of competition within it. We have identified three stages of the development of this term in relation to social and economic reality: during the first stage, the term “talanton” meant the highest unit of weight in the financial system of Ancient Greece; during the second stage, talent meant innate qualities of individuals, mainly in the field of music and creativity; and during the third stage, it meant acquired competence displayed in the real sector of the economy. The author formulated her own definition of a talented employee based on the indicators of the level of development, effectiveness, potential, and the manager’s attitude to such employee. A four-step mechanism for achieving professional success which indicates a talented employee was substantiated. It was stated that there is a “talent and admirer” dyad in the labour market, where the latter provide the “talent” with the necessary feedback.
Investigating the Challenges and Strategies of Thai University Students in Mastering English Idioms
Authors: Apridayani Aisah , Chatwichit Natthayos , Supanpong Tiparoon , Kanto Sukanya
Published: May 2024

Background: The acquisition of English idiomatic expressions is a critical aspect of language proficiency that unquestionably contributes to the improvement of effective communication skills. A number of studies have been conducted in the field of English idioms; however, there are still unanswered questions in this area. Since learning English idioms is a complex process, further investigation is needed, especially among students learning English as a Foreign Language (EFL) in the specific educational milieu of a university setting.
Purpose: This study investigated the attitudes of Thai university students towards the importance of learning English idioms. In addition, it examined the challenges faced by these students in learning and comprehending English idioms, along with the effective strategies employed to overcome the difficulties.
Methods: This study adopted a descriptive research design involving 50 fourth-year English major students (12% male, 88% female) from a university in southern Thailand. A survey questionnaire on a five-point Likert scale adapted from Orfan (2020) was used to collect the data from the participants.
Results: The findings demonstrated that Thai university students had a positive attitude towards the importance of learning idioms and recognized the critical role they play in successful communication in English. Nevertheless, they faced various challenges when learning English idioms. They reported that idioms were challenging to grasp when taken out of context, and they faced difficulties due to their limited knowledge and cultural background. The participants in the study also reported utilizing different strategies to learn and comprehend idioms, such as guessing the meaning of idioms, using descriptive definitions in English, and memorization.
Conclusion: This study offers valuable insights for both educators and researchers, serving as a foundation for the development of more efficient language teaching methodologies and promoting cross-cultural understanding in language acquisition.
A Corpus-based Analysis of Rhetorical Moves and P-frames in an Omani Learner Corpus of Research Project Abstracts
Authors: Mathew Priya , Mccallum Lee
Published: May 2024

Background: Rhetorical moves have long been studied in several disciplinary texts, including research articles and their part-genres. A solid base of literature has emerged in this respect, informing current writing pedagogy for novice writers. However, one part-genre which has been rarely studied is student project abstracts. This paper represents one of the first studies to explore the extent rhetorical moves are realised through the linguistic unit of phrase frames (p-frames) in final year Capstone project abstracts.
Methods: Using two faculty-informed analytical frameworks, the paper explores the use of rhetorical moves and p-frames in corpora of Social and Physical Science student abstracts.  The moves and the p-frames (if any) used to realise them were identified in order to understand how students organised this part-genre and to gauge their formulaicity.
Results: Amongst the key findings was that Omani students did not perform all the rhetorical moves recommended by the faculty. Moreover, they added spontaneous moves of their own to the abstracts. When performing rhetorical moves, they used very few p-frames, indicating that their approach did not rely on formulaic language of this nature.
Conclusions: Pedagogical implications for the Omani context and for broader EAP contexts are discussed.
The Correlation Between the Use of Online Learning Platforms and Undergraduate Students’ Self-Efficacy
Authors: Muslem Asnawi , Kasim Usman , Mustafa Faisal , Fitriani Siti Sarah , Rahmi Maulidia
Published: May 2024

Background: Self-efficacy and the use of learning activities in online learning platforms have been extensively researched recently and are considered factors of online learning success. However, little research empirically seeks the correlation between those variables, including in English as a foreign language (EFL) online classes.
Purpose: To investigate whether there is a significant correlation between the use of online learning platforms and EFL students' self-efficacy in online learning in English classes.
Method: This quantitative research used two questionnaires, i.e., the Online Learning Platform Questionnaire (OLPQ) and the Self-Efficacy Questionnaire for Online Learning (SeQoL). The use of online learning platforms measured in this study includes independent learning, virtual meetings, forum discussion, collaborative learning, and assessment; meanwhile, self-efficacy includes course completion, social interaction, academic interaction, interaction with lecturers, and the use of LMS. The sample of this research was 133 EFL students from three universities in Indonesia. The data was analyzed using Spearman's correlation at the significance level of 0.05.
Results: The results show that independent learning, collaborative learning, and forum discussion correlate with most constructs of self-efficacy. Meanwhile, the results indicate no correlation between two constructs of online learning platforms, namely virtual meetings and assessments, and three constructs of self-efficacy, i.e., students’ social interaction, academic interaction, and students’ interaction with lecturers.
Conclusion: This research shows that more frequent use of online learning platforms, especially those covering independent learning, collaborative learning, and forum discussion, results in higher confidence among EFL students to succeed in online learning.
Suggestion: Therefore, this research suggests that lecturers consider using significant features of online learning platforms to enhance students’ self-efficacy in online EFL classes.
Probiotics and the physiological & biological aspects of probiotic microorganisms
Authors: Triyugi Narain Kushwaha , Shweta Maurya
Published: May 2024

Since ancient times, food fermentation has been practiced and evolved via changes in substrates, procedures, and technology. Microbial culture is performed using techniques such as enrichment and back-slopping to improve the organoleptic quality, nutrient availability, and storage life of food. In many cases, this also adds healthy microorganisms to the consumer’s diet. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB), many of which are known to have probiotic properties, are among the principal groups of microbes employed in conventional and industrial cereal fermentation, followed by yeast and mold. The end products of Probiotic products must contain viable cells 108 to 109 cfu/ml. Probiotic products may be used to increase the health of plants, animals, humans, and also soils at certain limits. LAB converts cholesterol to coprostanol. They help to remove aflatoxins from foods and reform the antinutritional elements’ bioavailability. They become a good indicator before disease development. Here, we scrutinized all the general possible probiotic microflora presence, their compositions, and possible concentrations for use in various applications.
Histology examination: preparation and staining of bovine tissues v1
Authors: Ros Jade , Vilotte Marthe , Rivière Julie , Grohs Cecile
Published: May 2024

Histology is a technique that makes it possible to highlight what we want to observe and to "fix" a sample at a given time, while preserving characteristics close to its living state (fixation). For example, some elements, cells or cellular organelles can be stained differently depending on the research objective, which may require the detection of certain chemical compounds (histochemistry). Hematoxylin and Eosin staining is the most common staining to observe the morphology of a tissue. Hematoxylin is used to illustrate nuclear detail in cells. Eosin allows identifying the cytoplasmic component of the section. All manipulations described in this protocol were performed on bovine samples at the @BRIDGe (Animal Biological Resources for Integrated and Digital Genomics) platform of the UMR GABI, Université Paris Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
Factors affecting durability properties of GPC: A review
Authors:   Technical Engineering College of Kirkuk, Northern Technical University, Ezuldin Nabaz Yassen , Raoof Saad Mahmood ,   College of Engineering, Tikrit University, Alattar Alyaa Abbas ,   Technical Engineering College of Kirkuk, Northern Technical University, Hamada Hussein ,   Al-Qalam University College
Published: May 2024

The imperative to find sustainable alternatives to conventional cement, given its energy-intensive production and significant environmental impact, has driven research into alternative binder materials for civil infrastructure. This paper explores Geopolymer concrete (GPC), a polymer-based binder technology, as a promising solution to reduce the environmental footprint associated with traditional cement production. The study meticulously examines various aspects of GPC, focusing on its impact on crucial durability properties for infrastructure applications. This includes an in-depth analysis of GPC properties, elucidating characteristics influencing performance. In addition to fundamental properties, the paper critically evaluates the resistance of geopolymer pastes and concrete to a spectrum of extreme conditions. The discussion spans testing methodologies for both heat- and ambient-cured geopolymers, providing insights into their performance and durability across diverse environmental challenges. This comprehensive review aims to enhance the understanding of GPC technology, offering valuable insights for researchers, engineers, and industry professionals committed to sustainable and resilient infrastructure solutions.
Influence of SiO2 and nano graphene particles on the microstructure and mechanical behavior of A356 alloy metal composites
Authors:   Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Government Engineering College, Dayanand Samuel , Yadav S Manjunath ,   Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Government Engineering College, Nagaral Madeva ,   Aircraft Research and Design Centre, Hindustan Aeronautics Limited, Boppana Satish Babu ,   Dept. of Mechanical Eng., School of Eng. College, Presidency University, Manjunatha T H ,   Dept. of Mechanical Eng., Ballari Institute of Technology and Management, Auradi V ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Siddaganga Institute of Technology
Published: May 2024

The current research focuses on investigating the microstructural and mechanical properties of aluminum (Al) metal matrix composites (MMCs) reinforced with both silicon dioxide (SiO2) and nano-graphene particles. The composite material was produced using a novel two stage stir cast metallurgy approach. In this study, a constant reinforcement of 1 wt. % nanographene was maintained, while the SiO2 content was independently varied at levels of 2.5, 5, and 7.5 wt. %. Employing scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tool, microstructural analyses were conducted, revealing a uniform dispersion of ceramic silicon dioxide (SiO2) and graphene particles within the as-cast A356 MMCs. Mechanical testing, following the ASTM standards, was carried out on the composites, specifically assessing tensile strength, yield strength, and percentage elongation to evaluate the properties of the Al-based MMCs. The findings of this study indicate a significant enhancement in both tensile and yield strength values for the fabricated composites by 60.64% and 82.78% respectively. However, it is important to note that the percentage elongation decreases as the reinforcement content in the composite increases.
“It’s a Balancing Act”: Contradictory Ambitions of Journalistic Media in Addressing Harassment in Sport
Authors: Ehrlén Veera
Published: May 2024

Over the last five years, the Finnish sports media has played a key role in disseminating information and stimulating debate on gender equity, sexual harassment, and the structures and culture that perpetuate the latter in sport. Triggered by the Me Too movement, the handling of harassment cases has shifted from the private domain to the public debate in the media, making it political. In this article, I study the perception of the politicisation of harassment within sports media. The article utilises interviews with 16 Finnish sports journalists who have been reporting on harassment cases in national and regional media houses. In the thematic analysis, the facilitators and constraints of harassment reporting are examined in relation to the prevailing power structures, culture, and attitudes in the professional sports environment. While the interviews highlight the changing face of sports journalism and, within it, an ambition to move from entertainment and performance reporting to socio-politically critical journalism, the article also highlights the problematic contradictions embedded in the ambition within sports media to address harassment in sport. The findings of this research suggest that when studying the outcomes of news reporting, it is important to pay attention to news production processes and the gendered aspects that influence them.
DEVELOPING SELF-HELP SKILLS WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF PRACTICAL TRAINING IN MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES FOR MASTERS OF PHARMACY
Authors:   Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, BILOUSOVA Natalya , Zelikovska Olena ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: May 2024

Background. The aftermath of the war in Ukraine highlights the harmful effects of stressful situations on both the local population and pharmaceutical professionals. Undertaking preventative measures to maintain the mental well-being of the population, while also establishing selfhelp mechanisms in the workplace for issues related to mental health, will improve the quality of pharmaceutical care in the field of drug sales and curb early professional burnout among pharmacists. The purpose of this study is to perform a comparative analysis of educational and professional programmes in the specialty of 226 Pharmacy, Industrial Pharmacy, with the objective of assessing the level of masters of pharmacy training in facilitating their own mental health. The study will further investigate the incorporation of relevant course components in the curriculum. Methods. To attain the research goal, the authors utilized scientific literature, worldwide documents, official websites of academic Hiher education institutions, educational and professional programmes within the specialty of 226 Pharmacy, Industrial Pharmacy employing comparative analysis, systematisation, and generalisation methods. Results. The article presents a comparative analysis of educational and professional courses for Masters of Pharmacy in the 226 Pharmacy, Industrial Pharmacy Speciality. The documents and research findings of international scholars have been systematised to tackle the training of pharmacists to handle stressful situations and emergencies. Conclusions. The research conducted indicates that self-help in the workplace of pharmacists is a prevalent global practice, and it has been incorporated into specialised mental health education programmes in various countries. The authors believe that incorporating the best educational practices from Masters of Pharmacy training to include self help for mental health issues in the workplace into national educational and professional programmes in the 226 Pharmacy, Industrial Pharmacy specialty shows promise.
The dynamics of the defense of dissertation research on constructive-geographical issues in Ukraine (1995-2021)
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Kochetkova I.
Published: May 2024

Using the methods of scientometric analysis, the list of dissertation studies defended from 1995 to 2021 in the specialty 11.00.11 - constructive geography and rational use of natural resources was studied. It was revealed that 37 doctoral theses and 270 candidate theses were defended during the specified period, the most works were defended in 2013 – 32. The dynamics of defenses from 1995 to 2013 was upward, and since 2014 the number of defended works has been decreasing. Among the thematic spectrum of works, the topics of those devoted to the study of cities were analyzed. During the specified period, only the cities of Kharkiv, Kyiv, Lviv, Vinnytsia, Chernivtsi, Odesa, Dnipro, Simferopol, Rivne, Lutsk, Sevastopol, Ivano-Frankivsk, Sumy, Bilhorod-Dnistrovsky, Drohobych were the focus of constructive and geographical research. In particular, Kyiv was studied by the famous urban landscape expert Professor O.Dmytruk, under whose scientific guidance 10 candidate theses were defended.
Inclusiveness of museum spaces as an opportunity to develop excursion activities for persons with disabilities
Authors:   Yuri Fedkovich Chernivtsi National University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Chubrei O. , Yavorska V. ,   Mechnikov Odesa National University Odessa, Ukraine, Chubrei M.-A. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: May 2024

The theoretical aspects of excursion activities for persons with disabilities are analyzed, modern foreign and domestic practices of inclusion in the tourism sphere are characterized, the main aspects of the introduction of an inclusive museum space in Ukraine are highlighted. It was determined that, taking into account the nature of various features of tourists with disabilities, and to serve each group of such persons, it is necessary to use specialized methods and techniques of conducting excursions. In the course of the study, it was determined that for the introduction of inclusion in museum spaces, it is necessary to inform about the concept of inclusion, work on clarification of the effectiveness of its implementation as an opportunity to increase and strengthen the competence of museum workers, improve the quality of museum services and open new directions of interaction with the public for the implementation of various museum projects . The study of modern domestic practices of excursion service for persons with disabilities shows that the leading museum institutions of Ukraine are actively involved in this process. Having analyzed the foreign experience, it is worth noting that most European states have a high degree of environment adjustment for the development of inclusive tourism and its individual types and excursion activities. Spain, Finland, Greece, the Czech Republic, Germany, France, Austria, and Great Britain are among the countries where almost all elements of the tourist infrastructure are most adapted for the development of inclusive tourism. It was determined that certain strategies aimed at the sustainability of inclusive processes and comprehensive actions, which will include an assessment of the needs of vulnerable groups and their own capabilities, joint development of plans and programs, projects, strategic partnerships and cooperation, organization of feedback communication, communication strategy and representation of its services, as well as elements of advocacy and fundraising.
Mine tourism as a factor in the regeneration of an industrial city: the case of the Zollverein mine, Essen (Germany)
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Patsiuk V.S. , Kazakov V.L. ,   Kryvyi Rih State Pedagogical University, Ukraine
Published: May 2024

Many post-industrial regions reinterpret their industrial past as a resource for tourism. In this context, the experience of the Ruhr region in Germany is a classic example. This area has gone from being one of the largest industrial centres in Europe to a virtually completely regenerated area based on the principles of post-industrialism. This makes this area a benchmark for the development of industrial tourism in general and mine tourism in particular. This paper examines the case study of the Zollverein mine, which positions itself as the most beautiful mine in the world. The complex of the mine and the nearby coke plant is used both for direct tourism and marketing purposes and as an instrument of memory and identity politics. Through a personal visit and an expert interview with a representative of the mine, the key areas of its regeneration and the creation of a number of different locations that preserve a universal industrial history aimed at a wide audience were studied. The article analyses the activities that attract the attention of the public and tourists, forming a certain set of narratives about industrial heritage aimed at strengthening the economic position of the region. The industrial regions of Ukraine, most of which continue to develop on the principles of mono-structural production organisation, should look to the Ruhr region as a model for effectively overcoming post-industrial challenges, and the Zollverein mine is an exemplary example of this.