bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The reaction of engineering firms to off‐the‐job training
Authors: Pettman B.O.
Published: February 2008

A research study indicates that firms with only a small number of employees see least value in ITB‐backed off‐the‐job training.
Sandwich courses: how to hold on to the meat?
Authors: O'Connor Maureen
Published: February 2008

Sandwich courses are facing problems of shortage of places in industry for their students.
Using project work for teaching English — illimitable possibilities
Authors: Wilson J.T.
Published: February 2008

Project work can cover many diverse activities outside the conventional methods of teaching. It can include management games, role playing, extended essays, taped interviews, surveys, work diaries, mock newspapers, posters and films. An all‐embracing definition might say that it was activity in which students were involved in meaningful situations in the process of acquiring new skills and a greater degree of insight. Projects are also frequently characterized by the use of multi‐media material both for presentation to the student and for the student's work itself. There is a danger that it appears mere gimmicks, and so we must ask what the advantages and disadvantages of the project method are in teaching English.
Ted Short's Page
Authors: Hon Edward Short Rt
Published: February 2008

One of the silliest things about our education system — and one which is the source of many of its disparities — is the rigid dichotomy of the schools into ‘Primary’ and ‘Secondary’.
Careers:
Authors: Ford Geoffrey
Published: February 2008

Any one specialist trade is dependent upon the success or failure of another in the food industry.
Aids
Authors: Sproule Anna , Crocker Tony
Published: February 2008

Overhead Films move; the transparencies on your overhead projector screen don't. Or didn't. From now on, though, colleges and schools can start buying in OHP transparencies that have their own built‐in ‘moving’ effect.’
Topics
Authors: Ryrie Sandy
Published: February 2008

In recent years the traditional system of craft apprenticeship has been undergoing considerable change. The setting up of the Industrial Training Boards and their growing influence, the development of off‐the‐job training at company and group training centres, and the increased use of day release and block release for the further education of apprentices have meant that apprentice training has become increasingly organised, formalised and sophisticated.
Towards a definition of intelligence
Authors: Duane Michael
Published: February 2008

Charles Darwin tried to demonstrate a continuity of evolution between the infrahuman species and man that obtained not only in anatomy but in behaviour and intelligence. The attempts to develop Darwin's thesis inspired the popular, assumption that all actions were ultimately caused by the particular pattern of instincts inherited by the individual.
Teaching computer talk
Authors: Harrison Frederick
Published: February 2008

Computers are extemely useful tools but they are only as good as the people who control them. At present they are not realising their commercial and industrial potential because of the lack of proper education. There is a yawning gap in the training of many professional and managerial staff which leaves them ignorant and apprehensive of computers and advanced computer based methods. This gap exists both with experienced staff and, regrettably, with newly qualified graduates and trainees. Added to this there is a communications gap between computer specialists and non‐specialists, neither side being completely aware of the problems facing the other and each speaking a different language.
Careers:
Authors: Moor Christine
Published: February 2008

A survey undertaken by the Comparative Research Unit at King's College, London, discovered that only one out of five pupils felt that they had been given a lot of information and advice about careers, and that four out of ten pupils described the amount of careers information and guidance provided by the school as hardly any or none at all. The complete picture is given in Table 1.
Aids
Authors: Crocker Tony
Published: February 2008

Two new User Specifications have recently been published by the Council for Educational Technology for the United Kingdom (formerly NCET). Prepared by the Working Party on Standards and Specifications for Educational and Training Equipment, the new USPECs bring to four the number published so far.
What is so magic about sixteen?
Authors: Whitehead A.K.
Published: February 2008

In recent years economists have been developing the concept of investment in human capital, despite misgivings in some quarters about the unhealthy overtones of the concept itself. A spin‐off from work of Professors Becker and Mincer has been the analysis of training and the distribution between general and specific training. But it is preferable to begin by talking about education and then to see occupational training as a special form of education. It is then possible to look at the implications of this distinction upon the school leaving age.
Job design in the office
Authors: Jones Lyndon
Published: February 2008

Attitudes towards job design are changing. Initially, managers were influenced by the concept of the division of labour, or specialisation. This consisted of breaking‐up the work into a series of distinct operations, the operations then being shared out amongst a group of workers. The scientific management group — Taylor, Gilbreth, Bedaux and the like — developed procedures by which work could be more ‘scientifically’ accomplished. They stressed the significance of physical activities, and their work — combined with the work of the early industrial psychologists on fatigue, training and optimum environmental conditions — led persons to believe that the industrial worker could, if given the right monetary reward, be ‘set up’ to produce maximal output.
Technology in School Science
Authors: Deeson Eric
Published: February 2008

To the usual selection of controversies aired — Nuffield, ROSLA, salaries, the use of unqualified teachers — was added, as might be expected, the various facets of the Emergency. However, what is of far more interest is the serious concern at last being shown by ASE on the growth of technology in schools.
Security in retirement
Authors: Smith E. Craig
Published: February 2008

Most people now receive some form of pension throughout their retirement. This pension may be regarded as a payment of deferred salary, and all pension schemes provide for contributions to be made during a person's working life. These contributions, supplemented in various ways, eventually give rise to the benefits paid on retirement. All who have reached retirement age receive a basic State Pension, and this may be further augmented by the Graduated Pension Scheme; the extent, however, varies considerably with individual circumstances. Many people receive in addition an occupational pension for which they will have contributed during their working life. This pension may become payable at a different retirement age from that of the State Pension. The total pension a person receives may therefore be made up of a number of separate pensions. This article deals first with the evolution of the State Pension, and secondly with the evolution of the occupational pension.
Cut them down to size
Authors: Boyson Rhodes
Published: February 2008

We live at a time when it is not only a fashion to build schools big, but when education authorities are enlarged until they cover wide areas in the belief that size is a synonym for efficiency. The “Small is beautiful” school of thought is, however, growing into a powerful movement; so it may not be an inopportune time to question whether the larger education authorities will be as efficient as their smaller predecessors.
Happiness is an open‐ended time clock
Authors: Jubb David
Published: February 2008

The London and Manchester is a relatively small Assurance Company with some 450 staff based in London and a further 1,500 working from two hundred district offices throughout the country. The latter have very few clerical workers, and the flexihours scheme was therefore limited to the head office employees.
Post‐service careers for ex‐servicemen :
Authors: Beer Bill
Published: February 2008

Many young people joining the Armed Forces find it difficult to pin‐point the precise reasons for their choice. Various specialist groups, such as officer recruits with an engineering degree or short‐service commission joiners, have positive reasons which are in some way connected with their career plans; but general entrants produce a variety of reasons for opting for this kind of employment. These vary from being crossed in love, or prompted by a death or some disruption in the family, to being depressed at poor local employment prospects. Frequently men and women have just drifted into an easy way out of a personal dilemma which they find difficult to resolve.
Pliable working hours
Authors: Walsh ACIS MISM William
Published: February 2008

Critical examination of the concept of flexible working hours has been conspicuously lacking from most management magazines, although individual appraisals have appeared in less popular journals.
The IBA Fellowships
Authors: Mayo Charles
Published: February 2008

For several years now, the IBA has been awarding Research Fellowships to enable studies to be carried out investigating the relationships between education and television. The scheme, which started in 1967, has produced some fifty reports, which have varied from modest studies of single programmes to ambitious year‐long projects. As the scheme developed, those directing it moved to support of the longer projects, since it was found that the shorter efforts did not, on the whole, allow time for researchers to develop their work to the full.
Demands on managers: a re‐appraisal
Authors: Casey Terry
Published: February 2008

Whoever is responsible in an organization for the assessment of human resources, and making sure that people are put into responsible and challenging positions at the right time in their careers, has two burdens. The first is to ensure that available managerial talent is properly assessed, and that the portals are open to people with potential who may need to be brought in from outside to fill the gaps. The second burden is one which I suspect may not over the years have commanded as much attention as it deserves: a knowledge of the behavioural demands which a managerial job will make on the incumbent. The issue may well be clouded by the view that it is largely technical demands which have to be considered, and indeed they may be formidable enough to rule out most of the available talent when a key position is to be filled.
Keyboard skill—a useful business accompaniment
Authors: Canning B.W.
Published: February 2008

The number of people who, one way or another, continue to learn how to operate a typewriter is undoubtedly rising every year. For one person who will learn it as a livelihood‐earning skill, there are four or five who acquire some measure of ability in order to use the typewriter for their own social or semi‐professional purposes — club secretaries, business men, journalists, police, clerks, local government officers, civil servants, medical receptionists, authors, and so on, in addition to the ‘average man’ — or, more usually, the ‘average woman’ — who uses it solely for personal purposes.
How to succeed in the public service without really trying anybody
Authors: Loveluck Clive
Published: February 2008

Peter Drucker has pointed out that public service institutions — government agencies, hospitals and social services, education, and armed forces — have been growing faster than businesses in this century, but that their performance has not kept pace with their growth or importance.
Putting the catalyst among the pigeons
Authors: Suter Colin
Published: February 2008

Most educators and trainers use films in the course of their work. They also rely upon handouts to stress various factors. Few, so far, have taken the next logical step, which would be to produce their own standard lectures on film — or videotape. Yet, as articles in Education & Training have shown, we have the technology to do just that: to leave the standard lecture to a video‐play machine, thus freeing the lecturer actually to play the role of tutor — a catalyst in the classroom.
The prediction is the performance
Authors: Jones Lyndon
Published: February 2008

The causes of poor employee performance are often explored and solutions offered in the form of improved techniques for selecting better employees, training programmes to teach needed skills, and motivational schemes designed to increase the quantity and quality of performance in the job. Thereafter, despite the resources invested in such work, absenteeism and turnover remain high and productivity low. All too often people have the ability and skill to perform effectively, yet they fail to do so. Not infrequently the explanation for this is to be found in the behaviour of management.
Careers:
Authors: Hedley R.
Published: February 2008

It is some years since the proposals for a new pattern of training for the specialist administrator were first considered, during which time local government has undergone reorganisation and a reappraisal of financial commitments, highlighting the need for administrative efficiency and creativity. The Diploma in Municipal Administration (DMA), first introduced through block release study and then, to meet changing needs, through day‐release or a combination of the two, is rapidly becoming accepted as the qualification most likely to meet the need of local authorities in developing their administrative function.
English as she is written — 2. Verbs
Authors: Baker Edgar
Published: February 2008

The verb is generally the most important word of an English sentence and should be chosen with care. It is the hinge upon which the whole sentence hangs. A well chosen verb can often save the careful writer the use of an extra adjective. Prose without vigorous verbs reads flat.
And they call themselves teachers!
Authors: Tomlinson H.H.
Published: February 2008

Long before the Prime Minister's speech in Cardiff last October industry had been complaining that many school‐leavers applying for jobs could scarcely write their own language in a way that was either legible or even understandable, and could not do the simplest arithmetic. Was this the fault of the youngsters? Was the system that has as its aim equipping children to lead a full, fruitful, and useful life in some way to blame? Or were employers, universities, and technical colleges setting standards that were too high? Whatever the reasons the problem is there, is recognised, and is crying out for a solution.
Books
Authors: Avent Catherine
Published: February 2008

The Society for Research into Higher Education can generally be relied upon to produce interesting reports and monographs. To most people, methods of assessing the postgraduate training of doctors aiming at general practice might seem to be of only limited interest; but there is material of general applicability in the further and higher education world for those who care to read The Assessment of Postgraduate Training in General Practice by James Freeman and Patrick S. Byrn (SRHE, University of Surrey, Guildford, £2.90).
Industrial relations in a changing world
Authors: Clarke Oliver
Published: February 2008

In the short space of this article I can do no more than paint, with a broad brush, an impressionistic picture of the development of employment relations, confining myself to the advanced “market” economies, ie the OECD countries. There is nothing new about employment relations, and one might wonder why, with 200 years of industrial life behind us, we have not evolved a stable model; and further, that we have such a variety of decidely less than perfect models, many of which are showing clear signs of stress.
Advertising
Authors: Davis Martyn P.
Published: February 2008

A career in advertising presents opportunities for all types and backgrounds. Age is no barrier to progress; promotion seldom depends on filling dead men's shoes, and it is not unknown for someone to be appointed Advertising Manager of an important company, or Director of an agency, whilst in their late twenties or early thirties.
The comprehensive principle
Authors: Whitehead A.K.
Published: February 2008

It is unfortunate that the term comprehensive education has become a synonym in Britain for a particular type of secondary system. Depending on one's evaluation of conflicting reports and evidence, pupils under this system are either reduced to the lowest common denominator, or allowed to rise to otherwise unattainable standards. Hence the system is viewed as producing either educational morons or academically liberated individualists. The truth of the situation probably lies somewhere between these two extremes.
Discretionary and mandatory awards
Authors: van Straubenzee MBE William
Published: February 2008

No one needs reminding that we are in a grave economic crisis. The rate of inflation continues to rise, and with it the difficulties of low income groups such as students. As part of the fight against inflation, the Government has attempted severely to restrict local government expenditure and reduce central government spending. As the education budget forms such a large part of government expenditure, especially at local level, education has been particularly affected by present economies. It also had the misfortune to be represented by an agreeable but supine Minister when the crucial decisions were being taken.
The Education for employment principle
Authors: Whitehead A.K.
Published: February 2008

Education is a process which produces or develops skills and abilities of various kinds. These attributes are then capable of being utilised when following different types of employment. Since most people depend on their employment for securing an adequate standard of living, their real welfare is determined by their education.
Language teaching on a budget
Authors: Jones Colin
Published: February 2008

At a time when both the education of school children and the training of people for industry are under strict examination, the teaching of languages will also come under the microscope. It probably does not have too much to fear.
Controlled activity in the classroom
Authors: Penrose William O.
Published: February 2008

Jean Piaget, the Swiss scholar, has written:
Books
Authors: Holdsworth Ruth
Published: February 2008

Although there are myriads of books on how children learn and can therefore be taught, those teaching in further and higher education, and indeed in training, are much more thinly serviced. And yet paradoxically it is in these areas of education that there are fewest ‘professionals’, most academics and trainees having to rely on short courses which are rarely mandatory. Student activism has only occasionally concerned itself with the actual learning situation, and generally classes are either too awed, polite or indifferent to provide the tutors with the feedback essential to their professional growth.
Books
Authors: Baker CBE Edgar
Published: February 2008

Books come to a reviewer in one of three categories: those that, for one reason or another, do not justify a review; those that receive the normal review; and those few that can be dealt with adequately only by more extended treatment. This book comes within the third group, for it deals with an important problem of education.
Improve the medium, speed the message
Authors: Canning Bert
Published: February 2008

Each working day the Post Office handles 32 million letters and packets. It is estimated that half of these are bills, invoices, leaflets, advertisements, pools entries and the like. Of the remaining half at least 8 million are business communications, and of these probably a quarter are likely to be letters, memoranda, reports and notices requiring composition, So every day 2 million messages, long and short, trivial and important, necessary and needless, go off to their recipients in the UK and all over the world.
It's not what you say, but how you say it
Authors: Markwell Don , Jaegar John
Published: February 2008

The ranks of upper and middle managers of multinational business firms include more and more people whose native language is not that of their corporate home country. Two factors are largely responsible for this trend and its continuation: the desire of a growing number of companies to hire the best management talent available, irrespective of the potential candidates' nationality; and the pressure exerted by host countries to have an ever‐increasing number of their own nationals involved in decison‐making processes, even in expatriate companies. These influences have wide‐ranging implications, for they directly affect the communication processes and practices of multi‐nationals.
Books
Authors: Holdsworth Ruth
Published: February 2008

The Personnel and Training Management Yearbook and Director appears in its seventh edition from its consultant editorial board of Michael Armstrong, Terry Ball and Terry Page — a formidable team combining business, personnel, and journalistic interests and experience.
Discipline skills
Authors: Giles David
Published: February 2008

Discipline Skills is a term first used when drawing up the programme for the 1977 Rolls‐Royce/Endeavour Training residential courses for apprentices at Kelston Park, Bath. It came from an attempt to coin a short, crisp and more accurate title for the sporting activities we were using to demonstrate the place and value of discipline when learning new skills. Prior to this, simply naming the skills sessions as archery, canoeing, caving and climbing had evoked only ‘leisure pastime’ connections in many peoples' minds, however hard one tried to explain the value of their challenge and inherent discipline.
Behaviour modification
Authors: Jones Lyndon
Published: February 2008

Although the approach of the Performance Improvement System as outlined is normally quite effective, occasionally managers will have difficulty either in initially obtaining the desired frequency of improvement, or of maintaining the desired frequency. At least 90 per cent of these problems are caused by a failure to apply behavioural principles properly. A list of common problems, and a “First‐Aid Kit” for solving them, follows.
Mathematical testing and apprenticeship recruitment
Authors: Roberts A.
Published: February 2008

Mathematical tests are ubiquitous in apprentice selection, and employers are invariably critical of the results. A 50 per cent failure rate once considered calamitous is now regarded with practised equanimity. It was in this context that a pilot study of apprentice selection was conducted based on the experiences of 9 organisations ( 3 training associations and 6 companies) operating in Northern England.
The school‐industry interface
Authors: Maier D.L.
Published: February 2008

It is just 146 years ago that Lord Althorp's Factory Act set legal limits to the working hours of children and young people. Its provisions were enforced by the appointment of Factory Inspectors with power of entry into the mills. Out of this children's charter in 1833 grew the Ten Hours Bill.
Language management training
Authors: Kune Hank , Knapp Lee
Published: February 2008

It is obvious that some people use language better and more effectively than others. Different personal and intellectual capabilities are highly relevant to the performance of written and spoken skills, and it is those fortunate people who possess an innate appreciation of the importance of correct linguistics who will use it most readily as a tool for progress. However the ability to speak and write accurately and effectively can be improved with training, and a system whereby this can be achieved is described in this article. It refers mainly to individuals using English as a foreign language, but native speakers should also realise that they would benefit from a closer analysis of their language performance.
The Baltic Exchange
Authors: Allen Bill
Published: February 2008

The primary function of the Baltic is the provision of facilities for the fixing of cargoes for merchant vessels. Of all the City of London's worlds of invisible earners, none is perhaps more invisible than the intricate array of shipbrokers, chartering agents, marine arbitrators, surveyors, average adjusters and others; these provide for more of the services essential to the world's shipping than all other countries put together. Moreover, their contribution to the UK's balance of payments has grown faster than any other item in the City's invisible earnings.
Organisational support for effective time management
Authors: Jones Lyndon
Published: February 2008

There is a growth of interest in effective time management. In the main, material on this subject focuses on the role of the individual in ensuring effective management of his time. Rarely do writers discuss the impact of the organisation's philosophy, structure and methods; yet these can have a profound impact on effective time management. For example, if the organisation's philosophy tends to support crisis management and penalises managers for small mistakes rather than encouraging planning and risk‐taking, unproductive behaviour will be fostered because:
Audio‐visual as an educational medium
Authors: Public Relation Intermark
Published: February 2008

Despite current financial setbacks, there seems to be no shortage of good audio‐visual equipment in educational establishments throughout Britain. According to latest figures there are 15,000 16mm film projectors, 20,000 8mm projectors, and 15,000 video recorders among 30,000 schools. Ths signs are, however, that much of it isn't being used nearly as much as it could be, largely because there aren't enough programmes available which teachers are prepared to use.
The concept of risk management
Authors: Tye James
Published: February 2008

Relatively few British companies have had to withstand earthquakes, floods, building collapse or the kidnapping of top executives; but all are fighting against risks whose effects can be equally devastating. Some of these have been identified and measured. The country's annual accident bill totals a staggering £2.5 billion, employee theft eats up £650 million of industry's assets each year, and fire damage in 1979 amounted to more than £320 million. This figure does not include consequential loss, or loss of exports and production. But there are thousands of other risks faced by industry each day — some so familiar that managers do not even recognise the potential threat they pose. Recognising the need for a comprehensive strategy to deal with them, American industry is rapidly developing risk management as its newest and most powerful managerial discipline.
Careers:
Authors: gondoliers Geordie
Published: February 2008

The steam yacht Gondola has taken to the waters of Lake Coniston for the first time in nearly 20 years, thanks to the efforts of a group of unemployed youngsters from Tyneside. The 120‐year‐old yacht was scuttled after the war but has now been refloated and restored for the National Trust by enthusiasts; they renovated the 85ft long Venetian style yacht's ornate saloons, while Vickers restored its hull, canopy and engine room. The task of making the replica engine fell to Locomotion Enterprises, an MSC‐sponsored training workshop at Gateshead where some 80 unemployed youngsters have taken part in the building project. Young people on the MSC's Youth Opportunities Programme at this workshop were also involved in the building of the replica of Stephenson's Rocket which now belongs to the National Railway Museum. The workshop has places for 30 unemployed young people who can spend up to a year gaining valuable work experience, which will ultimately improve their chances of finding a permanent job.
The spelling syndrome
Authors: Canning Bert
Published: February 2008

Get half a dozen executives talking together, and it will not be long before the topic of spelling comes up — and in particular how bad the secretarial staff are at it. The title syndrome is not a gismo. A syndrome is, the latest Concise Oxford tells us, a characteristic combination of opinions and/or behaviour. And that is exactly what happens with spelling. It tends to be a fixation, and to produce this characteristic reaction of opinion.
Let 'em all learn EFL — 2
Authors: Butcher Ian
Published: February 2008

In a world where an increasingly high proportion of business is conducted in English, it is becoming extremely important for company personnel to be operational in that language. The training officers of companies are daily bombarded with glossy brochures and promises from teaching organisations, and face a bewildering plethora of information. Ironically whenever a firm is forced to tighten its budgetary belt, language training is often the first cut to be made. What options then are open to training officers?
Implications of silicon chippery
Authors: Salter B.G.
Published: February 2008

As a piece of scientific wizardry, microelectronic technology has a way of engendering remarkable faith in its own ability to initiate industrial and social change. Modern man, and that includes the educationist, has shown his firm belief in the capacity of science to change the world. A revolution in both product and production process is promised which will result, so the Council for Educational Technology for one tells us:
How to stay employed
Authors: Gellerman Saul
Published: February 2008

During the mid‐to‐late 1980s, a wave of mergers and acquisitions will engulf many firms that are earning respectable profits today. It's inevitable, barring drastic — therefore unlikely — shifts in their corporate life‐styles. In purely economic terms, this won't be cause for lament. It's just the economy's way of flushing out the inefficient and the unnecessary. It probably helps to keep prices down, and makes the nation as a whole more competitive. But in human terms there's plenty to be sad about — even mad about. A lot of promising careers are going to be disrupted, and some of them will be ruined. A lot of families will find themselves suddenly — perhaps permanently — a lot less secure than they thought they were.
BLINDED WITHOUT SCIENCE
Authors: Finch Bob
Published: February 2008

The boys and girls who left school this summer with good ‘A’‐level passes in Maths, Physics and Chemistry are a particularly interesting group on whom much attention will be focused. This does not imply that these are the only important subjects, or that boys and girls with different ‘A’‐levels are less worthy. Nevertheless, for those with good ‘A’‐levels in Maths, Physics and Chemistry almost all options are open. They can become doctors, dentists, lawyers, acountants, engineers, physicists, chemists — the list, if not endless, is certainly agreeably long. What is certain is that many of them will go on to become highly qualified and valuable members of society.
How to make succession successful
Authors: Walsh Bill
Published: February 2008

The diagram illustrates the formal management staff tree of an Australian State public utility, slightly varied to pre‐serve anonymity. Some five years ago, while preparing its manpower plan, this utility became aware of the age imbalance in its management structure, and noticed specifically that within the next six years it would face:
Education — the fifth horseman of the apocalypse?
Authors: Glaser Kenneth
Published: February 2008

The biggest factor contributing to an economic depression is the state of mind which the nation unconsciously adopts. Pick up any newspaper today and count the number of negative minded articles displayed there — negative in the sense of reporting on personal, national and international problems which fill one with gloom, and hardly a suggestion of how these problems can be overcome,
Innovation and education
Authors: McCafferty John
Published: February 2008

How can we encourage and help managers to become more innovative in their problem‐solving and decision‐making, so that the commitment of today's resources to the future leads to the achievement of appropriate long‐term strategies for their companies? It is inevitable that this article can attempt to cover only a small area of the ground, and it would be naive to offer solutions which should be situationally determined. However, I feel that consideration should be given to such important issues as:
Teaching electronically
Authors: Scott Eric
Published: February 2008

While Cossor Electronics's product range is diverse and becoming increasingly so, some common technologies occur. Microprocessors, computers, modems, displays, data processing, specialised programming and communications are all areas in which they have developed high expertise. To maintain it, special attention is given to in‐house training at their Harlow plant in Essex; so too is training support for Cossor's customers.
Singapore unlimited — a lesson for Britain
Authors: Jones Lyndon
Published: February 2008

Figuratively speaking Singapore's philosopher‐statesman, Premier Lee Kuan Yew, stood at the window and looked at the future through a telescope. Spurred on by what he saw, the leaders of that dynamic country launched an experiment aimed at re‐structuring the economy to face the challenge of the post‐industrial society. No other nation has planned ahead in this manner; and everyone, not least the British, can learn from the Singaporeans. First, however, some socio‐economic information relating to Singapore merits consideration.
NEBBS looked ahead with super vision
Authors: Baxter Lionel
Published: February 2008

Question: To ask the Secretary of State for Education & Science whether arrangements will be made for foremanship examinations when the British Institute of Management ceases to conduct its present examination?
DES News Releases
Authors: Carlisle Mark
Published: February 2008

One can allow pupils and teachers to taste life in an industrial setting, and come into contact with some of the problems facing those in the productive sector of the economy — the impact and potential in computerised procedures; the need to solve problems; the fact that designing and making things deserve the attention of the ablest pupils; and so on. A corollary is to give employers a better insight into what schools are trying to achieve. The other objective — and a greater challenge — is to prepare young people more effectively for the world of work, without sacrificing the equally important task of all round individual development.
Pinpointing
Authors: Jones Lyndon
Published: February 2008

When managers are asked to improve employee effectiveness, all too often their solution is to seek to enforce a tough line if the workers are in a weak bargaining position. Alternatively they may resort to exhortation, offer more pay, or recommend training. Invariably, however, the low productivity norm continues even when it is possible to enforce a tough line.
What are academics good for?
Authors: Horne Michael
Published: February 2008

A lifelong commitment to an academic career necessarily induces certain priorities in relation to engineering education that may not be fully understood by those without such a commitment. What are we academics good for anyway?
All aboard the trans‐continental gravy train
Authors: Taylor John
Published: February 2008

With the present gloomy unemployment prospects in Britain seeming likely to persist, it is possible that some readers of Education & Training may be thinking of looking towards a career abroad. And when one contemplates abroad, the nearest bits of it are undoubtedly the other member‐countries in the Common Market. Furthermore there is one major advantage built into seeking work elsewhere in the European Communities as compared with other parts of abroad: Title III of the Treaty of Rome which is headed “Free movement of persons, services and capital.”
Procrastination — catch that timely thief
Authors: Jones Lyndon
Published: February 2008

Procrastination is widespread and can be very costly. It impedes efficiency and self‐fulfilment, and can generate immense unhappiness.
The British Council
Authors: Seymour Mrs. J.
Published: February 2008

Britain can take justifiable pride in her language, literature and scholarship, her professions, her sciences and medicine, her arts and her education. By projecting these overseas the British Council plays a fundamental part in establishing the country's reputation among opinion‐formers and present and future decision‐makers, and helps to create a favourable climate for co‐operation and trade.
The future of training
Authors: McCafferty John
Published: February 2008

The future of training, particularly over the next 10–20 years, can usefully be examined within a broad framework which should, at least, include:
Management by consequences
Authors: Brown Paul L.
Published: February 2008

Managers and supervisors are paid to influence others. The success a manager achieves in this endeavour is directly related to the words a manager says, and the procedures he or she uses. Some words and procedures work better than others. We can learn about those that are effective by interviewing supervisory personnel or by directly observing them as they go about their daily routine. We can also interview and observe the non‐management personnel they supervise.
The new training programmes
Authors: Windsor Bob
Published: February 2008

Recent meetings, discussions and articles by industrial trainers and people involved in all sectors of education show that both groups are facing similar problems. Furthermore, the solutions being considered are often equally alike. For instance the microprocessor, because of its versatility and low cost, is likely to be used increasingly, creating re‐training problems. Particularly in further and higher education, as well as industrial training, distance learning is generating a need for re‐training.
The role of the professional institute in banking
Authors: Glover Eric
Published: February 2008

In looking at ‘the changing face of banking’ I am concerned mainly with the effects on education and training, and in particular the implications for The Institute of Bankers. In case anyone is not clear about the difference between the two, I still think it cannot be better illustrated than by the story of the father whose daughter came home from school in her first year to tell him that their class was engaged in a series of talks on sex education. He was mildly concerned about this, but nothing like so worried as when she told him at the beginning of the second year that the class was now starting a course in sex training. In Institute terms I suppose we might compare a study of Elements of Banking with the induction period in the machine room.
Thinkercise — jogging for the mind
Authors: Wainwright Gordon
Published: February 2008

Most of us have now accepted that physical exercise — of which jogging is currently one of the more popular forms — is good for the body. It fights the flab, tones up the muscles, and gives a feeling of general well‐being. But what is needed to balance this concern for physical fitness is, of course, a similar concern for mental agility. There is, after all, little point in tuning up the body if the mind is allowed to atrophy.
BEC — an agent for change
Authors: Lysons Kenneth
Published: February 2008

The creation of the Technician and Business Education Councils was recommended by the Committee, under the chairmanship of Dr H. L. Haslegrave, appointed by the National Advisory Council on Education and Commerce in September 1967.
Talking your way out of trouble
Authors: Woodgate Roger
Published: February 2008

When was the last time you faced an uncomfortable interview, when your mind went blank after a crucial question was asked or you uttered a clumsy sentence that you didn't mean to? The chances are that this has happened to you at some time or other, whether it be at a job interview, an appraisal interview, or with a work colleague when a problem is a disciplinary one, or where an area of conflict needs to be resolved.
Books
Authors: Baker CBE Edgar
Published: February 2008

New books on How to Study appear regularly in the bookshops. There are well over a hundred of them on the market at present. Most of them repeat the same sort of advice, and tend to imitate one another. Their aim is to help the budding student, but one wonders how much of the advice is followed.
Changing technology and QWL
Authors: White Geoff
Published: February 2008

The man or woman without a job who wants to work may not be too interested in whether this is due to economic recession or technological change. The young person who gets frustrated looking for a job after leaving school may be justified in considering the quality of working life as an irrelevant catch‐phrase.
Training managers as leaders
Authors: Garnett CBE John
Published: February 2008

I am delighted that Education & Training should be running a special feature on Leadership. It is no longer adequate simply to be good at one's job. If one is to have influence within organisations there ought to exist an understanding of the importance of leaders, and what they need to do in order to achieve their tasks and gain the cooperation of others.
Marketing — the dramatic change
Authors: Waite Norman
Published: February 2008

In recession, customer demand drops and consequently competition between firms to supply that reducing demand becomes greater and greater. As a result, that business function that we call marketing becomes more and more important to the company's survival, let alone growth.
Field leadership
Authors: Hitchins Brian
Published: February 2008

Field training — In normal circumstances, salesmen should receive their basic training before they are assigned to the field. From time to time, they may be required to attend further courses on sales techniques and product technicalities. Aside from this, it is the responsibility of the Field Manager to ensure that all aspects of training are practised and perfected in the field.
Accountants in business
Authors: Claret Jake
Published: February 2008

Business should be more efficient and more competitive, and should invest more.
Use of questions in training sessions
Authors: Jones Lyndon , Page Denys
Published: February 2008

If we look back at how we acquired most of our knowledge, questioning or being questioned will be found to have played a significant part. For this reason it is opportune to look at the part which questioning plays in the training situation, and how by understanding and refining the technique of using questions in the classroom we can improve the transfer of learning.
ABE SUPPLEMENT
Authors: Macdonald Eleanor
Published: February 2008

What is Management? A number of classic definitions of the purpose and functions of management exist which serve to give overall comprehension and insight into this very complex activity. To state broad principles is very important, as they give the essential perspective to the manager's role. All too often day‐to‐day working on a job, particularly in the rapidly‐changing conditions in which management is practised today, tends to give an ant's eye, rather than a bird's eye, view of the manager's job. So much paper — so many crisis situations — too few resources — too many constraints — make many managers into 'doers” of mini‐tasks, too few into broad vision organisers aiming for results.
Personal organisation for effective time management
Authors: Jones Lyndon
Published: February 2008

Normal work hours are the least productive of the working day for top managers, according to a survey by Omega Watch Corporation in the USA. The survey disclosed that, of one hundred chief executives of Fortune's 500 companies, the majority performed their most productive work either before 9 am or after 5 pm. 43 per cent selected the earlier time period as their most productive part of the day. 18 per cent achieved most after their employees had gone home. Three per cent chose the lunch hour. Of those who found they did their best work during normal working hours, three‐quarters claimed that mornings were more productive than afternoons.
BTEC is launched
Authors: Raine Neale
Published: February 2008

BTEC is about education and training for employment. It has been said that education is merely training done well; so I am particularly pleased that Sir Keith Joseph, Secretary of State for Education & Science, is here with Tom King, the Employment Secretary. The accepted national approach that I, and many other employers, fail to understand is the division of responsibility for education and training across different Departments of State. As employers we believe this division is nonsense, as education and training must be two parts of a whole. Therefore I was very glad to sign an agreement last week between BTEC and the Engineering Industry Training Board for Joint Certification of both education and training for engineering technicians and technician engineers. Sir Richard O'Brien, EITB Chairman, who is abroad at the moment, shares my satisfaction that we have been able to come together. BTEC will be pursuing arrangements like this one in other fields.
Learning to write right
Authors: Baker CBE Edgar
Published: February 2008

The Editor has invited me to contribute over the coming months a few articles on the subject of correct English. We begin this month with notes on spelling, for this is an aspect of the language that gives a lot of people a lot of trouble. Someone once remarked that the structure of English is so simple that foreigners learn it too quickly; so the English decided to make their spelling difficult to prevent this unfair advantage.
Learning to write right
Authors: Baker CBE Edgar
Published: February 2008

A study of punctuation is worthwhile, because it guides the reader and reveals whether the writer is thinking clearly. Poor punctuation is a mark of muddled thinking. There are a certain number of points to keep in mind:
Film as a training medium
Authors: Jones Lyndon
Published: February 2008

Two of the most effective means of relaying information are face‐to‐face interpersonal communication and electronic visual communication. Studies of motion pictures show that in most instances combining sight, sound, colour and motion at the same time results in a higher degree of credibility, impact and information retention than a speech or the printed word.
Champions of open learning
Authors: Wilcock Lee
Published: February 2008

The Council for Educational Technology is the central organisation in the UK for the application and development of education and training. CET interprets the term educational technology as being concerned in the broadest sense with the design of learning systems, drawing upon all the available methods, resources and communications media, and integrating them effectively with established teaching techniques.
Distance learning
Authors: Jones Lyndon
Published: February 2008

Developments in distance learning continue apace, as mentioned in Viewpoint herein.
Can we change other people's behaviour?
Authors: Jones Lyndon , Page Denys
Published: February 2008

At the end of last month's article the authors set out the four types of consequence, one of which must inevitably occur wherever behaviour takes place. These are now dealt with in greater detail.
Running effective meetings
Authors: Farnsworth Terry
Published: February 2008

For many managers, departmental meetings are a cross to be borne rather than an opportunity to be grasped — a time‐wasting diversion from the job of managing. Yet, if properly planned and conducted, such meetings can make an effective contribution to better results. The skills involved in running them are within the reach of every manager; the essential requirements are patience, determination and a systematic approach.
Call for investment in people
Authors: Holland Geoffrey
Published: February 2008

It is the exception rather than the rule for a firm in this country to treat investment in people on a par with investment in technology, plant or machinery. Technologies in which firms invest can be the same the world over. What marks the difference in a competitive world is the results that people can produce with those technologies, plant, machinery or equipment.