bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AVALIAÇÃO DA ROTULAGEM DE PÃES DE FORMA COM ALEGAÇÃO FUNCIONAL
Authors: Araujo Damiana Mamede Leite , Lima Adriana Sousa , Nascimento Andressa Cavalcante do , Gomes Valter da Silva
Published: October 2024

Os rótulos contidos nos alimentos são ferramentas fundamentais para os consumidores, tendo em vista, que são responsáveis por levar informações diretas referente ao produto, auxiliando para uma melhor escolha, servindo como meio de comunicação entre fabricante e consumidor. Portanto, as alegações referentes aos ingredientes funcionais nos rótulos de pães apresentam-se como um fator decisivo na escolha do produto. Desse modo, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as informações contidas nos rótulos de pães do tipo forma com alegação funcional e compará-las com a legislação vigente. A pesquisa foi realizada a partir do método de observação transversal, com amostras qualitativas não probabilísticas, onde foi analisado conteúdos como tabela nutricional, lista de ingredientes e informações declaradas nas embalagens, por meio dos rótulos que referiam a utilização de ingredientes funcionais. Todas as informações foram comparadas mediante a elaboração de um checklist contendo as resoluções vigentes relacionadas a rotulagem de alimentos. Os resultados apontaram que de 6 amostras, apenas 4 apresentavam coerência com todos os critérios estabelecidos pelos regulamentos técnicos. Visto isso, com base nos dados apresentados conclui-se, que uma parte dos pães de forma embalados e comercializados na ausência do consumidor ainda apresenta divergência quanto as informações passadas para os consumidores.
TÌNH TRẠNG SUY DINH DƯỠNG THẤP CÒI VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN Ở TRẺ EM DƯỚI 5 TUỔI THUỘC HỘ NGHÈO, CẬN NGHÈO, HỘ MỚI THOÁT NGHÈO TẠI TỈNH HẬU GIANG NĂM 2023
Authors: Võ Thị Hoàng Loan , Nguyễn Thị Nhí , Huỳnh Thái Ngọc , Nguyễn Kiên Nhẩn
Published: October 2024

Mục tiêu: Xác định tỷ lệ suy dinh dưỡng thấp còi và một số yếu tố liên quan ở trẻ em dưới 5 tuổi thuộc hộ nghèo, cận nghèo, hộ mới thoát nghèo trên địa bàn tỉnh Hậu Giang năm 2023.
Phương pháp: Thực hiện nghiên cứu cắt ngang trên 2408 trẻ em dưới 5 tuổi thuộc hộ nghèo, cận nghèo, hộ mới thoát nghèo (trong vòng 36 tháng, kể từ thời điểm được cấp có thẩm quyền công nhận thoát nghèo) trên địa bàn tỉnh Hậu Giang năm 2023. Số liệu được xử lý và phân tích bằng phần mền SPSS 18.0, đánh giá tình trạng dinh dưỡng của trẻ bằng phần mềm WHO Anthro.
Kết quả: Tỷ lệ trẻ dưới 5 tuổi bị suy dinh dưỡng thấp còi là 24,5%. Có mối liên quan giữa tuổi thai khi sinh, bú mẹ hoàn toàn trong 6 tháng đầu, chiều cao của mẹ, uống bổ sung canxi, sắt trước khi mang thai với tình trạng suy dinh dưỡng thấp còi của trẻ dưới 5 tuổi với p<0,05.
Kết luận: Tỷ lệ suy dinh dưỡng thấp còi của trẻ dưới 5 tuổi thuộc hộ nghèo, cận nghèo, mới thoát nghèo chiếm tỷ lệ cao, cần có biện pháp can thiệp trong chăm sóc dinh dưỡng cho phụ nữ trước và trong khi mang thai để phòng chống và cải thiện tình trạng suy dinh dưỡng thấp còi ở trẻ.
TÌNH TRẠNG DINH DƯỠNG VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN ĐẾN THỪA CÂN BÉO PHÌ Ở NGƯỜI BỆNH ĐÁI THÁO ĐƯỜNG TÝP 2 ĐIỀU TRỊ NGOẠI TRÚ TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NGUYỄN TRI PHƯƠNG NĂM 2023
Authors: Trương Xuân Bích , Phạm Văn Phú
Published: October 2024

Mục tiêu: Mô tả tình trạng dinh dưỡng (TTDD) và một số yếu tố liên quan của người bệnh đái tháo đường (ĐTĐ) týp 2 điều trị ngoại trú tại bệnh viện Nguyễn Tri Phương, thành phố Hồ Chí Minh.
Phương pháp: Nghiên cứu cắt ngang thực hiện trên 356 người bệnh ĐTĐ týp 2 điều trị ngoại trú. Thông tin thu thập: tuổi, giới tính, nơi sống, trình độ học vấn, nghề nghiệp, tình trạng kinh tế, cân nặng, chiều cao, vòng eo (VE), vòng mông (VM). Sử dụng chỉ số khối cơ thể (BMI) theo Tổ chức Y tế Thế giới khu vực Tây Thái Bình Dương để phân loại thừa cân (BMI >=  23 kg/m2) và béo phì (BMI >= 25 kg/m2).
Kết quả: Tỷ lệ thừa cân là 57,5% trong đó có 31,7% béo phì. Tỷ lệ người bệnh có béo bụng chiếm 63,8%, chỉ số VE/VM cao chiếm 90,2%. Tình trạng kinh tế là yếu tố liên quan tới tình trạng thừa cân béo phì ở người bệnh ĐTĐ týp 2 (OR=1,58; 95%CI: 1,02–2,45).
Kết luận: Đa phần người bệnh ĐTĐ týp 2 điều trị ngoại trú tại bệnh viện Nguyễn Tri Phương có tình trạng thừa cân béo phì, béo bụng, VE/VM cao. Có mối liên quan giữa tình hình kinh tế và thừa cân béo phì.
ĐÁNH GIÁ TÁC ĐỘNG CỦA PHƯƠNG PHÁP TRÍCH LY ĐẾN HIỆU SUẤT VÀ ĐẶC TÍNH CỦA PECTIN THU HỒI TỪ VỎ CHANH DÂY TÍM (Passiflora edulis Sims.)
Authors: Huỳnh Thành Đạt , Diệp Thùy Trang , Trần Hoàng Phúc , Nguyễn Thúy Vi , Đinh Ngọc Yến Vy , Trần Lệ Thu , Trần Phước Nhật Uyên
Published: October 2024

Mục tiêu: Khảo sát ảnh hưởng của các điều kiện trích ly đến hiệu suất thu hồi pectin và đặc tính của pectin thu được từ vỏ chanh dây tím (Passiflora edulis Sims.) với phương pháp EA trích ly bằng acid citric và phương pháp UA bằng acid citric có sự hỗ trợ của sóng siêu âm.
Phương pháp: Phương pháp AE được thực hiện bằng bể ổn nhiệt và phương pháp UA được thực hiện bằng thiết bị siêu âm. Sau đó pectin được sấy để tính hiệu suất thu hồi. Xác định hàm lượng methoxyl MeO%, mật độ ester hóa DE% và hàm lượng anhydrous uronic acid AUA% bằng phương pháp chuẩn độ với NaOH. Xác định các nhóm chức và các vùng cấu trúc đặc trưng của pectin bằng máy quang phổ FTIR. Hình thái pectin được xác định thông qua chụp cắt lớp bằng kính hiển vi điện tử quét SEM.
Kết quả: Phương pháp AE cho hiệu suất thu hồi pectin cao nhất 23,83% với tỷ lệ nguyên liệu và dung môi 1:20 g/mL, nồng độ acid citric 5%, trích ly ở 90oC trong 120 phút, pectin thu được có hàm lượng AUA là 86,77%. Phương pháp UA có hiệu suất thu hồi pectin cao nhất 12,02% với thời gian siêu âm 5 phút, nhiệt độ trích ly 600C, hàm lượng AUA là 90,35%. Pectin thu được ở cả 2 phương pháp đều là pectin methoxyl cao có hình thái và cấu trúc tương tự với pectin thương mại.
Kết luận: Phương pháp AE cho hiệu suất thu hồi pectin cao hơn nhưng độ tinh khiết thấp hơn phương pháp UA. Pectin thu được có tiềm năng thay thế pectin thương mại.
The Contribution of Halide Edib Adıvar to the Development of the Women’s Movement in Türkiye and Her Influence in the Context of Gender Equality
Authors: Kantar Gökmen , Özpınar Kübra
Published: October 2024

Halide Edib Adıvar, a prominent literary figure, holds a significant place in Turkish political scenes and Turkish literature during the Republican era. Her personal life, activities she participated in, and particularly her views on women's rights distinguish Halide Edib in a unique position. During the National Struggle, Halide Edib actively engaged in Anatolia and was among the first female speakers to emphasize the need for Turkish women to attain a dignified position in modern societies through her speeches, literary works, and writings. Acting as an educator advocating for active female participation in the education sphere, Halide Edib portrayed modern and educated female models in her works. Through her novels and writings, she made substantial contributions to the Turkish women's movement by presenting strong representations of women and questioning societal gender roles. Halide Edib Adıvar used various media outlets such as columns, articles, and books to promote gender equality. Drawing attention to women's education in her novels and writings, she encouraged awareness on the subject. In accordance with the directive of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, she co-founded the Anadolu Agency with Yunus Nadi Abalıoğlu in Ankara on April 6, 1920, seventeen days before the inauguration of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey on April 23, 1920. Halide Edib actively engaged in journalism by translating the political content of newspapers published in English at the agency. Halide Edib also played a role in the Women's Defense of Homeland Society, one of Turkey's first women's associations, striving to empower women for greater societal and political involvement. This study employs qualitative research methods to comprehensively examine Halide Edib Adıvar's role in societal change, her contributions to the women's rights movement, and her impact on empowering and raising awareness among women in Turkey and globally.
Uzaktan ve Hibrit Çalışma Modellerinde Liderliğin Dönüşümü: Dijital Liderlik ve Sanal Ekip Yönetimi Üzerine Bibliyometrik Bir Analiz
Authors: Al Begüm
Published: October 2024

Bu çalışma, uzaktan çalışma ve liderlik modellerinin evrimini "Hybrid Work Models", "Remote Leadership", "Virtual Leadership", "Digital Leadership", ve "Leadership in Hybrid Workplaces" gibi anahtar kavramlar etrafında bir bibliyometrik analizle incelemektedir. Web of Science veri tabanından elde edilen 1788 makale, uzaktan çalışma bağlamında liderlik stratejilerindeki temel dönüşümleri ortaya koymaktadır. VOSviewer yazılımı kullanılarak yapılan atıf ağı, anahtar kelime birlikte görülme ve yazar işbirliği analizleri, uzaktan liderliğin literatürde hızla yükselen bir tema olduğunu ve dijital dönüşümle birlikte yeni liderlik stillerinin benimsendiğini göstermektedir. "Digital Leadership" ve "Remote Leadership" gibi ana temalar, COVID-19 sonrası iş dünyasında yeni araştırma eksenleri oluştururken, hibrit ve sanal çalışma ortamlarının çalışan bağlılığı ve esnek liderlik modellerine etkisi araştırmanın temel bulgularından biridir. Bu çalışma, literatürdeki mevcut boşlukları analiz ederek, uzaktan liderliğin gelecekteki yönelimlerini ortaya koymakta ve küresel işbirliği ağlarını detaylandırarak akademik dünyaya katkı sunmayı hedeflemektedir.
Double Moving Average and Double Exponential Smoothing Method in Sales Forecasting
Authors: Mutia  , Ibrahim Iskandar  , Sunilfa Maharani Tanjung
Published: October 2024

At present, predictions concerning sales are predominantly based on historical sales data, a practice that frequently yields inaccurate results. Such inaccuracies can lead to substantial financial losses, compelling organizations to lower the capital expenditures associated with certain products to offset these losses. This issue primarily arises from the failure to employ an appropriate forecasting methodology, resulting in estimations that lack reliable analytical foundations. This research aims to evaluate the efficacy of the Double Moving Average method compared to the Double Exponential Smoothing technique for sales forecasting, specifically through a case study involving herbal products. This study also seeks to analyze and compute the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) for each forecasting method based on prior observations and research. The analysis draws on a dataset comprising 200 sales transactions from the five top-selling products collected between April 2022 and April 2024. The outcomes of this investigation provide MAPE values derived from the sales data, followed by a comprehensive summation of the calculated MAPE for each method. For June 2024, the results recorded are slightly higher in some cases. For example, the DES result for HNI Eucalyptus Oil was 42.65 with a MAPE of 0.46, while the DMA was 44.44 with a MAPE of 0.44.
2023 a nagy viharok éve
Authors: Horváth Ákos , Szilágyi Eszter
Published: October 2024

Míg a 2022-es esztendő a történelmi aszály éve volt, addig 2023 a heves viharokról vált emlékezetessé. A fordulat már az év elején is megmutatkozott azáltal, hogy intenzívebbé vált a ciklontevékenység. A ciklonok okozta szélviharok a tavaszi hidegbetörésekkel együtt már az év első felében jelentős károkat okoztak az infrastruktúrában és a mezőgazdaságban. A nyári félévben tovább folytatódott a szélsőséges időjárás, egymást követték a zivatarrendszerek pusztító széllel és jégesőkkel. A nyári zivatarszezon augusztus 5-én ért a tetőfokára, de még november 6-án is kialakult egy kisebb szupercella a Balatonnál. Az őszi, intenzív, sokfelé viharkárokat okozó ciklonok sorát december elején tapadó havas helyzet zárta, fennakadásokat okozva az áramellátásban, a közlekedésben és az infrastruktúrában. Jelen tanulmány a tavalyi év szélsőséges időjárási helyzeteinek meteorológiai hátterét mutatja be.
La garantía de la autotutela administrativa a través de la potestad revisora de oficio
Authors: Beltrán Guevara Luis Fernando
Published: October 2024

En el presente artículo se estudia la potestad de autotutela administrativa, considerando los procedimientos establecidos en la norma con el ánimo de analizar las implicaciones del mismo en los actos administrativos. Los referidos recursos tienen como objeto regular el ejercicio de la función administrativa de los organismos que conforman el sector público, como una forma de asegurar la legalidad y legitimidad de los actos de la administración pública. De acuerdo a lo previsto en la norma, para la aplicación de estos dos recursos, no se reconoce una temporalidad específica, lo que podría entrar en conflicto con lo que establecen otras normas legales vigentes, como por ejemplo el Código Orgánico General de Procesos y la Ley Orgánica de Servicio Público. A través de una metodología descriptiva y analítica, el presente trabajo analiza resoluciones emitidas en instancias administrativas donde se violentan principios legales las mismas que pueden prevenirse con una regulación más clara, específicamente en la temporalidad en la que se aplican los recursos previstos en la ley y que se relacionan con la garantía de autotutela que debe cumplir toda institución pública.
Competencia Gerencial del Profesional de Enfermería en las Unidades de Salud de la Familia del Departamento de Concepción, Paraguay
Authors: Cabrera Fleitas Cristhian Mauryce , Orrego Salinas Facundo Enrique
Published: October 2024

El estudio investigó la competencia gerencial del profesional de enfermería en las Unidades de Salud de la Familia (USF) del Departamento de Concepción, Paraguay, en 2023. Se utilizó un enfoque mixto con triangulación concurrente. Los datos cuantitativos se recolectaron mediante encuestas a 61 profesionales de enfermería, mientras que los datos cualitativos se obtuvieron a través de grupos focales. El análisis cuantitativo evaluó el nivel de conocimiento, habilidades y actitudes gerenciales. El 42,6% de los participantes mostró un alto nivel de conocimiento gerencial, y el 32,8% reportó habilidades gerenciales intermedias. Los resultados cualitativos identificaron actitudes clave como el liderazgo y el trabajo en equipo, elementos esenciales para una gestión eficiente en las USF. El estudio concluye que los profesionales de enfermería poseen las competencias necesarias para realizar sus funciones gerenciales de manera efectiva, lo cual puede mejorar la calidad de la atención en salud.
APPROCHE DE LA SEXUALITE DES PLUS DE 60 ANS PAR LES MEDECINS GENERALISTES
Authors: TOTI C , BRIGAULT T , VEAUVY C , PAUTRAT M
Published: October 2024

Introduction. La sexualité des personnes âgées (PA) fait l’objet d’études récentes mais reste peu abordée en consultation. Objectifs. Décrire la pratique des médecins généralistes (MG) et explorer ce qu’ils pensent de la communication autour de la sexualité des PA. M é thode. Étude mixte quantitative et qualitative, réalisée entre juin 2021 et juin 2022 auprès de MG : analyse descriptive, avec questionnaire anonyme construit par les investigateurs, diffusé par mailing via des structures professionnelles (CPTS) incluant des données démographiques habituelles complétées de questions autour de l’abord de la sexualité ; analyse inductive inspirée de la théorisation ancrée avec conceptualisation des représentations de MG recrutés par effet boule de neige, à partir d’entretiens individuels semi-dirigés. Résultats. Cent cinq questionnaires ont été exploités. Il existait un lien significatif entre genre masculin et aisance (p < 0,05). Les MG « à l’aise » étaient significativement plus âgés que les « non à l’aise » (p < 0,05). Douze MG ont été interrogés. Lors des entretiens, ils réaffirmaient leur rôle, étant « à la meilleure place », tout en exprimant leur « gêne ». Une approche centrée sur le patient était plébiscitée, avec une mise « en confiance » au-delà « d’une pudeur judéo-chrétienne ». Les MG rapportaient un phénomène de transfert lié à leur expérience personnelle et professionnelle, témoignant de leur réflexivité et qui les amenait à préférer des formations aux compétences communicationnelles dans des formats de type groupes Balint ou jeux de rôle. Conclusion. Les représentations des MG autour de l’abord de la sexualité des PA faisaient émerger de nouvelles propositions, comme ne pas limiter la sexualité au coït, lutter contre le tabou sociétal ou encore promouvoir l’entraide lors de groupes de pairs. Cette étude ouvrait d’autres pistes de réflexion, comme le repérage des violences même anciennes et des infections sexuellement transmissibles, souvent oubliées chez les plus de 60 ans.
PREVALENCE DES ACTUES SEXISTES DURANT LE SUIVI GYNECOLOGIQUE DES FEMMES EN ILLE-ET-VILAINE
Authors: DEPARIS N , MOTTAIS A
Published: October 2024

D’après une communication d’Adeline Jouannin (Université de Rennes) Au cours de sa vie, une femme aura une cinquantaine de consultations gynécologiques ou obstétricales, en dehors de toute pathologie1. En 2018, le Haut Conseil à l’égalité entre les femmes et les hommes (HCE) a défini les « actes sexistes en gynécologie » comme étant « des gestes, propos, pratiques et comportements exercés ou omis par un ou plusieurs membres du personnel soignant sur une patiente au cours du suivi gynécologique ou obstétrical. Ils sont le fait de soignants – de toutes spécialités –, femmes et hommes, qui n’ont pas forcément l’intention d’être maltraitants »1.
CONSÓRCIOS PÚBLICOS INTERMUNICIPAIS DE GESTÃO DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS NO CARIRI CEARENSE: UMA REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA
Authors: Ferreira Francisco Jeferson Inácio , Santos Antônio Pinheiro dos
Published: October 2024

O presente trabalho busca compreender a implantação dos consórcios públicos para gestão de resíduos sólidos na região do Cariri cearense. Para tanto, em primeiro momento é feito um levantamento do arcabouço jurídico que rege os consórcios públicos no Brasil. Em segundo lugar aborda-se os consórcios públicos enquanto ferramentas para promoção de políticas públicas. Em seguida, traz-se o panorama dos consórcios públicos para gestão de resíduos sólidos no Brasil e no Ceará. Por fim, demonstra-se os consórcios públicos para gestão de resíduos sólido na região do Cariri cearense. Dentro desse cenário buscou responder a seguinte questão como se deu a implantação e os primeiros passos da gestão dos consórcios públicos intermunicipais na área de gestão de resíduos sólidos implantados ou em implantação na região dos Cariri cearense? O trabalho tem como objetivo geral identificar como se deu a implementação e quais os impactos dos consórcios públicos na região do Cariri cearense nas áreas de gestão de resíduos sólido e como objetivos específicos levantar os principais marcos teóricos e jurídicos acerca dos consórcios públicos no Brasil; discutir sobre as questões pertinentes acerca da coordenação dos consórcios públicos; explorar como se deu a implantação e os impactos dos consórcios públicos de gestão de resíduos sólidos na região do Cariri cearense. Para construção da pesquisa utilizou-se o método de abordagem dedutivo de cunho descritivo, utilizando como técnica de pesquisa a bibliográfica e documental, tendo a pesquisa caráter qualitativo. Como resultados observa-se que os consórcios públicos estudados no Cariri cearense inserem-se no contexto de descentralização da prestação dos serviços públicos e nas políticas nacional e estadual do setor, além disso, apesar de dificuldades para sua implantação e atuação eles estão avançando no sentido de melhorar a gestão ambiental nos municípios.
RELAÇÃO ENTRE O HOMEM E NATUREZA: UMA REFLEXÃO SOBRE A CRISE SOCIOAMBIENTAL
Authors: Ussivane Inocélio , Júlio Tomás de Azevedo
Published: October 2024

O presente ensaio aborda a questão das mudanças na relação entre o homem e a natureza, tendo como eixo as grandes mudanças socioambientais. Pretendemos partir das origens do homem na terra, analisar sua íntima relação como o meio natural através de uma comparação entre diferentes mementos históricos. A nossa hipótese é de que a crise socioambiental emerge da acção humana ou mesmo da sua consciência, pois, a sociedade contemporânea é marcada pela exploração desenfreada de recursos naturais. O sistema capitalista que caracterizou a sociedade a partir dos anos 60, se desenvolveu sobre a racionalidade moderna e constitui um motor de desigualdades sociais e da depredação dos ecossistemas em todo o planeta. Para tal análise, adotamos o ensaio teórico como metodologia de pesquisa, de crivo crítico, alicerçado na expropriação. Assim este ensaio sugere mudanças em nosso comportamento político-social (ecocidadania), que aponta para uma nova relação entre o homem e a natureza. Uma relação baseada no conhecimento a que chamamos de ecosofia. Por conseguinte, tanto a ecocidadania e a ecosofia, configuram-se em caminhos para sustentabilidade ambiental assentes em fundamentos da ética ambiental, orientados à conservação e proteção da natureza. Portanto, essas duas dimensões têm um potencial de contribuir para o desenvolvimento sustentável, num contexto de uma crescente e complexa crise ecológica global.
Norma Subjetiva, Intención y Consumo de Alcohol en Adolescentes de una Ciudad Fronteriza
Authors: Herrera Medina Daniel , Guzmán Facundo Francisco Rafael , López García Karla Selene , Camacho Martínez Jasmin Urania , Mejía Martínez Amalia
Published: October 2024

Introducción: El consumo de alcohol constituye un problema global de salud pública, se estima que cerca del 27% de los jóvenes entre 15 y 19 años han experimentado su ingesta en algún momento de sus vidas. Este comportamiento socialmente prevalente puede acarrear consecuencias adversas en el ámbito cognitivo, de la memoria, psicológico, y en la manifestación de conductas de riesgo, como pensamientos suicidas y actividades sexuales de alto riesgo. La teoría de la conducta planificada proporciona un marco explicativo para este fenómeno, sugiriendo que una mayor norma subjetiva favorable hacia el consumo de alcohol y una mayor intención de consumo incrementan la probabilidad de su realización. Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre la norma subjetiva, la intención, y el consumo de alcohol en adolescentes. Método: Estudio descriptivo-correlacional realizado con una muestra de 93 estudiantes de una preparatoria pública en Mexicali, Baja California, México. Se empleó la Escala de Medición de Intenciones y Uso de Drogas, que evalúa actitud, norma subjetiva, control conductual e intención de consumo de drogas. Los datos fueron analizados mediante pruebas de χ2, Odds Ratio y U de Mann-Whitney. Resultados: No se observaron diferencias significativas en las prevalencias de consumo de alcohol según sexo y edad. Sin embargo, los adolescentes en la etapa tardía de la adolescencia mostraron un mayor consumo. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en el consumo de alcohol alguna vez en la vida (U= 543.00, p< 0.001), en el último año (U= 464.00, p< 0.001), en los últimos 30 días (U= 109.00, p< 0.001), y en la última semana (U= 94.54, p= 0.002). Las medias y medianas de la norma subjetiva fueron más altas en aquellos adolescentes que habían consumido alcohol alguna vez en la vida, en el último año, en los últimos 30 días y en la última semana. Conclusiones: Los adolescentes en la etapa tardía de la adolescencia presentan un mayor consumo de alcohol, posiblemente debido a la percepción del alcohol como una droga de bajo riesgo. La norma subjetiva y la intención de consumo son variables clave para comprender el inicio y la continuación del consumo de alcohol en adolescentes.
Phytase and nutrient-energy matrix: a strategic approach to enhancing the performance of broiler chickens fed a corn-soybean meal-based diet
Authors: Choi Pok Su , Tajudeen Habeeb , Mun Jun Young , Ha Sang Hun , Hosseindoust Abdolreza , Park Serin , Park Hye In , Silvestre Priscilla Neves , Lokhande Anushka , Ingale Santosh , Kim Jin Soo
Published: October 2024

Objective: This study examined the effects of a nutrient matrix with or without phytase on the performance of broiler chicken.Methods: A total of 2,000 day-old Ross 308 broiler chickens were assigned to 5 dietary treatments, with 10 broilers per replicate and 40 replicates per treatment. The experimental diets included 1. CON: A corn and soybean meal (SBM)-basal diet without phytase. 2, NC1: A corn-SBM-based diet with reduced nutrients, specifically 0.13% less phosphorus, 40 kcal/kg less metabolizable energy (ME), and 0.30% less crude protein (CP), without phytase. 3, NC1+PHYT: NC1+500 FTU/kg phytase. 4, NC2: Another corn-SBM-based diet with greater nutrient reductions, including 0.16% less phosphorus, 55 kcal/kg less ME, and 0.45% less CP, without phytase. 5, NC2+PHYT: NC2+1,000 FTU/kg phytase.Results: In the pre-starter and overall phase, feed conversion ratio (FCR) was higher in NC2 and NC2+PHYT. In the starter phase, body weight gain (BWG) was lower in NC2 and NC2+PHYT. In the grower phases, BWG was lower in NC2, while FCR was higher. At d28, the digestibility of ash was higher in NC1+PHYT, while the digestibility of Ca and phosphorus were higher in NC1+PHYT and NC2+PHYT. At day 42, the digestibility of ash, Ca, and phosphorus were higher in NC1+PHYT and NC2+PHYT. The level of tibia ash was lower in NC2. The level of myo-inositol was lower in NC2 at d28, while the level of myo-inositol at d42 was lower in NC1 and NC2.Conclusion: We concluded NC1+PHYT showed a higher growth performance comparable to CON, as against the lower performance observed in NC2, NC2+PHYT, and NC1.
Rumen fermentation shifts and microbial dynamics in mid-lactating Holstein dairy cows experiencing heat stress and subsequent recovery periods
Authors: Naing Ye Pyae , Kim Seon-Ho , Son A-Rang , Miguel Michelle , Oh Joonpyo , Lee Sang-Suk
Published: October 2024

Objective: In this study, we investigated the effects of heat stress (HS) on rumen fermentation, blood parameters, and ruminal microbial communities in mid-lactating Holstein dairy cows in Korea.Methods: Our study involved 12 mid-lactation Holstein dairy cows aged 55.54 months with 2.5±0.65 parities and 100 to 200 days in milking (DIM), fed a total mixed ratio diet. Samples were collected during HS (temperature-humidity index [THI] = 81.69) and recovery (RC) period (THI 69.84). The samples were analyzed for rumen fermentation, blood parameters, heat shock proteins, and microbial communities in dairy cows.Results: The milk yield, milk fat, milk protein, and milk urea nitrogen levels differed significantly between two-time points (p<0.05). Rumen pH and volatile fatty acid concentrations, the pH was not significantly different (p = 0.619) between HS and RC periods; however, the ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) levels increased during HS period ), however, there was no significant difference (p>0.05). Blood total protein significantly increased during HS period compared with that during RC period (p<0.05), while no significant differences were observed in other parameters between the two periods. HSP27, HSP70, and HSP90 increased in dairy cows under HS conditions compared with those during the RC period. Taxonomic classification revealed that Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes dominated the bacterial community. PERMANOVA and PERMDISP showed significant differences in rumen bacterial diversity between HS and RC periods, based on Unifrac metrics (p = 0.044 and p = 0.015, respectively), indicating taxonomic variations. Microbial networks with correlations of >0.8 (p<0.05) showed a complex structure with equal positive and negative connections, indicating Anaerohabdus furcosa and Ruminiclostridium cellobioparum as key species during the HS and RC periods respectively.Conclusion: HS significantly impacts Holstein dairy cows' physiological and metabolic processes, altering rumen fermentation, blood biochemistry, and gut microbiota during mid-lactation.
Advantageous effects of rumen-protected phytonutrients from tropical plant extracts on rumen fermentation efficiency and methane mitigation using in vitro fermentation technique
Authors: Matra Maharach , Suriyapha Chaichana , Dagaew Gamonmas , Prachumchai Rittikeard , Phupaboon Srisan , Sommai Sukruthai , Wanapat Metha
Published: October 2024

Objective: Tropical plants are composed of phytonutrients (PTNs) and are utilized for their capacity to manipulate rumen fermentation characteristics and methane production. The aim of this experiment was to determine the impact of microencapsulated PTNs-extracted from lemongrass and mangosteen peel (M-LEMANGOS), as well as crude protein (CP) levels on nutrient degradability, rumen ecology, microbial population, and methane emission in an in vitro study.Methods: The treatments were randomly assigned in a 2×4 Factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design. The two factors consisted of CP percentage in the concentrate diet (16% and 18% CP) and the levels of M-LEMANGOS addition (0%, 2%, 4%, and 6% of the total substrate).Results: The results showed that nutrient degradability both 12 and 24 h were significantly increased with M-LEMANGOS at 4% total substate. In part of volatile fatty acids (VFAs), particularly propionate and total VFA, these were enhanced by %CP and M-LEMANGOS combination. The %CP increased ruminal ammonia-nitrogen concentration (NH3-N), while M-LEMANGOS supplementation reduced such concentration. Methane production and Methanobacteriales population at 12 and 24 h were reduced when supplemented with M-LEMANGOS at 4% total substate. The population of Fibrobacter succinogenes, Ruminococcus flavefaciens, and Megasphaera elsdenii were increased with the interaction between %CP and M-LEMANGOS addition.Conclusion: M-LEMANGOS indicates promising potential as a plant-based PTN for dietary modulation of rumen fermentation and mitigation of methane production.
Data Analytics for a Changing Climate: Feature Engineering for the forecast of hydrometeorological events
Authors: Noboa Caique S. , Pigatto Daniel , Buffon Elaiz M. , Gomes-Jr Luiz
Published: October 2024

Floods are becoming increasingly frequent, and consequently, the number of people and infrastructure affected by these events has increased. It is essential to have accurate models for the prediction of such hydrometeorological events, improving preparedness and decision making for damage reduction. The goal of this work was to determine the variables (features) that contribute the most to predicting hydrometeorological events. Feature engineering techniques were used to understand which factors are most helpful in predicting floods. The features were composed based on data from rain gauges, altimetry, and location of rivers and lakes. It was observed that the variables that had the greatest impact on improving the model were the data from rain gauges and altitude data. The predictive model proposed is part of a larger system being developed in the context of Smart Cities called ICARUS. The system is aimed at improving response time and up-time of critical infrastructure during extreme events.
Otimização de Parâmetros em Aplicações de Big Data Baseadas em Múltiplos Frameworks
Authors: Almeida Bruna De Mello , Frota Yuri , de Oliveira Daniel
Published: October 2024

Os sistemas de gerência de banco de dados e os frameworks de computação distribuída são cruciais para aplicações que processam grandes volumes de dados. Configurá-los manualmente é complexo devido à quantidade e interdependência dos parâmetros tanto em um mesmo framework quanto entre frameworks. As soluções automáticas atuais necessitam de muitos exemplos e não otimizam a integração entre sistemas. Este artigo avalia uma abordagem independente de modelo para otimizar parâmetros do Apache Spark e Cassandra de forma integrada. Os resultados mostram melhorias de até 69,99% com a otimização dos parâmetros de forma integrada, em comparação com os valores default de parâmetros.
Análise da Robustez de Algoritmos de Aprendizado de Máquina em Dados do Transtorno do Espectro Autista
Authors: Lino Saulo B. F. , Cruz Lívia A. , Guerra Paulo T.
Published: October 2024

O Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) é uma condição neurológica que afeta a comunicação, interação social, comportamento e aprendizado. Métodos de triagem como AQ e Q-CHAT foram desenvolvidos para agilizar a identificação de sinais autistas. O presente trabalho analisa o desempenho de algoritmos de aprendizado de máquina na triagem do TEA, tais como SVM, MLP, Regressão Logística, Naive Bayes, Floresta Aleatória e KNN, e a robustez destes modelos diante de possíveis erros nos dados. Os algoritmos são avaliados em conjuntos de dados com amostras baseadas em características pessoais e questões simplificadas dos instrumentos AQ e Q-CHAT. Os experimentos apontam um bom desempenho obtido pelos métodos SVM, MLP e Regressão Logística, porém com significativa redução da acurácia em cenários com erros.
Humanizing Answers for Compatibility Questions in E-commerce using Large Language Models
Authors: Regino André Gomes , Hochgreb Victor , dos Reis Julio Cesar
Published: October 2024

Customer experience is a critical aspect of online purchase decisions. The service, the attendant's response, and how the customer is treated contribute to customer satisfaction. This article investigates using large language models for humanizing customer support in e-commerce. In particular, we address compatibility questions. Leveraging the infrastructure and dataset from an AI Brazilian startup, we compare the effectiveness of three different models to generate natural language answers in Portuguese. We generate human-like answers and evaluate them based on compatibility correctness, number of tokens, legibility, human likeness, and effect on the purchase. Our results highlight the effectiveness and drawbacks of the explored models in different temperature settings. This study improves customer experiences and provides guidance for e-commerce platforms in implementing humanized responses.
Unveiling the Segmentation Power of LLMs: Zero-Shot Invoice Item Description Analysis
Authors: Santos Vitória S. , Dorneles Carina F.
Published: October 2024

Segmenting invoice item description into attributes that describe its features may be a newsworthy alternative for subsequent entity resolution. This paper presents a set of experiments to show the performance of seven LLMs, including Llama-3, Sabiá-2-Medium, Command R+, Claude 3 Opus, GPT-3.5, GPT-4, and Mixtral 8x22B, in segmenting text within Invoice items descriptions using zero-shot learning techniques. We have employed accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score evaluation metrics to highlight the effectiveness of LLMs. The experiment involved segmentation preparation, model training, prompt optimization, attribute extraction, and output generation. The objective is to determine each model's precision in accurately identifying segmentation within invoice item descriptions.
Contrato360: uma aplicação de perguntas e respostas usando modelos de linguagem, documentos e bancos de dados
Authors: Medeiros Antony Seabra de , Cavalcante Claudio , Nepomuceno João , Lago Lucas , Ruberg Nicolaas , Lifschitz Sérgio
Published: October 2024

Apresentamos uma metodologia para desenvolver aplicações de perguntas e respostas (Q&A), validada no processo de apoio à gestão de contratos. Capturando informação de documentos de contratos em formato PDF e dados provenientes do sistema de apoio, em seguida estas informações são submetidas ao GPT-4. A relevância das respostas é melhorada pelas técnicas de Recuperação Aumentada (RAG), Text-to-SQL e Engenharia de Prompt, dispensando o retreinamento do modelo de linguagem. Ao longo do trabalho, observamos que a soma dessas técnicas aumenta a relevância das respostas. Destacamos o potencial dos Modelos de Linguagem de Grande Escala (LLMs) na construção de sistemas de informação onde a linguagem natural é a interface.
Um Método Centrado em Dados para Melhorar a Segurança de Transportes Coletivos Municipais
Authors: Almeida Vinícius G. J. , Silva Thais R. M. B. , Silva Fabrício A.
Published: October 2024

As rotas cientes de contexto representam uma área centrada em dados que faz uso destes para ofertar melhorias no fluxo de veículos e/ou pessoas em uma cidade. Segurança é um dos contextos que vem se destacando recentemente, embora a literatura até o momento apresente soluções majoritariamente para veículos particulares. Este trabalho propõe um método para construção de rotas seguras adaptado às características de ônibus e centrado em usuário. Estudos de caso foram conduzidos para as cidades de São Paulo e Curitiba, provendo rotas que evitam locais com maior risco criminal, aumentando, no máximo, cerca de 12% no comprimento médio das mesmas, e respeitando a acessibilidade dos passageiros ao avaliar a inclinação das vias.
PREAnoTe: Uma abordagem de anotação de corpus para o ajuste fino de Large Language Model pré-treinado
Authors: Avelino Jones O. , Rosa Giselle F. , Danon Gustavo R. , Cordeiro Kelli F. , Cavalcanti Maria Cláudia
Published: October 2024

O ajuste fino de um Modelo de Linguagem (ML) necessita de corpus volumoso, categorizado e anotado. Contudo, corpora são escassos e a anotação manual é custosa. Como alternativa, surgiu a abordagem Distant Supervision que pode usar Recursos Semânticos (RS). Entretanto, há lacunas na utilização de RS para minimizar o custo da anotação. Este artigo propõe PREAnoTe, uma abordagem capaz de apoiar a anotação, utilizando regras de expressão regular, orientado por um metamodelo e RS. Os experimentos mostraram resultados promissores, alcançando uma precisão de 95% nas entidades e 76% nas relações, culminando em um ML ajustado com 86% de precisão e cobertura.
Handling missing values in data streams: An overview
Authors: S. Lima Afonso M. , Sousa Elaine P. M. de
Published: October 2024

Missing values are a common problem in streaming scenarios, mainly due to equipment faults, network errors, and data unpredictability. This paper presents an overview of handling missing values in data streams, elucidating key concepts and summarizing recent studies that tackle this issue. It highlights limitations related to data stream requisites, concept drift exploration, and missing mechanism assumptions. Our discussion aims to indicate open issues and contribute to new research initiatives in this area.
Detecting Misinformation on Telegram Anti-vaccine Communities
Authors: Cavalini Athus , Donadia Thamya , Malini Fabio , Comarela Giovanni
Published: October 2024

Due to the substantial volume of misinformation regarding COVID-19 in Brazil, this paper proposes the application of machine learning methods to identify false or harmful information in anti-vaccine communities on Telegram. To this end, we developed a dataset of 1,500 messages labeled by experts according to three aspects: veracity level, potential for harm, and category. The labeling process achieved an agreement score of 81%. Experiments were conducted using state-of-the-art algorithms such as XGBoost, a BERT-based classifier, and a GPT-based classifier. The models trained on the labeled dataset achieved an F1-Score of 0.83 for detecting falsehood and 0.92 for potential harm, indicating their effectiveness in identifying misinformation in this context.
An Approach to Construct a Metadata Graph for Specifying Enterprise Knowledge Graphs
Authors: Rolim Tulio Vidal , Avila Caio Viktor da Silva , Freitas Renato , Mariano Roberval Gomes , Vidal Vania Maria Ponte
Published: October 2024

Enterprise Knowledge Graph (EKG) is a concept that is increasingly being used to process large volumes of data at the organizational level, however most efforts are concentrated on building the Data EKG, disregarding the metadata related to the entire data integration process. At this juncture, this work presents an approach for building a metadata graph for specifying EKGs. As a form of validation, a case study with part of the metadata graph is adopted.
The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Working Conditions and Efficiency of Radiographers at Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences' Radiology and CT Scan Imaging Centers
Authors: Reshadatian Marzieh , Najafi Mohammad , Moradi Maryam , Zahmatkesh Sara
Published: October 2024

Background: Radiographers are highly skilled imaging technology users who work directly with COVID-19 cases. Objectives: This study aims to assess the impact of COVID-19 on the working conditions and efficiency of radiographers and their level of satisfaction with personal protective equipment (PPE), cleaning supplies, and facilities during the COVID-19 epidemic. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted among radiographers registered in the radiology and CT scan imaging centers of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences and some private centers between June and October 2022. A questionnaire with 28 multiple-choice questions was used to collect information. The questionnaire consisted of two sections; the first part contained demographic information. In the second part, participants answered questions about changes in working conditions, such as changes in stress level, work efficiency, the need for more rest, imaging time, use of equipment, and personal protective equipment at work, based on their experiences and observations during the COVID-19 pandemic. The data analysis was performed using Statistical Product Service Solutions (SPSS) software, version 26.0, with statistical significance assumed at a P-value < 0.05. Results: One hundred and fifty radiographers completed the questionnaire. The mean age and mean work experience of participants were 33.2 ± 8.3 years and 9 ± 7.2 years, respectively. The results showed that most participants of both sexes agreed that they needed more rest (P-value < 0.05); their work efficiency had not decreased significantly during the COVID-19 epidemic. The stress level of participants had significantly increased compared to before the epidemic. There were significant differences between government-owned hospitals and private radiology centers regarding the presence of a COVID-19-related protocol, the compulsory use of masks, the existence of decontamination instructions, the type of air decontamination, the contact with imaging equipment manufacturers, the timing of decontamination, and the type of decontamination applied to the imaging equipment (P-value < 0.05). Conclusions: This study demonstrated that the reduction in work efficiency among radiographers was not significant compared to before the COVID-19 pandemic. According to the study's results, radiographers' working conditions underwent numerous adjustments over the course of the COVID-19 epidemic.
Diffusely Adherent and Cyclomodulin-Positive Escherichia coli Are Associated with Colon Diseases
Authors: Hosseininasab Seyed Abolfazl , Saffari Fereshteh , Tadjrobehkar Omid , Zandi Hengameh , Ahmadi Bizhan , Khoshnood Asghar , Niksefat Naser , Mehboodi Mahtab
Published: October 2024

Background: Any alteration in gut microbiota may result in the colonization of certain pathobionts, leading to the development of colon diseases. Some strains of Escherichia coli are pathobionts that can contribute to the initiation or progression of colon diseases through the induction of pro-inflammatory pathways or the production of genotoxins. Objectives: The present study was performed to investigate the association between certain E. coli pathobionts (cyclomodulin-positive and afa-C+ diffusely adherent E. coli) and their characteristics with colon diseases. Methods: Stool specimens were collected from patients referred to colonoscopy centers at two university-affiliated hospitals (Yazd and Kerman, Iran). A total of 67 patients voluntarily joined the study as the target group (21 cases of colorectal cancer and 46 cases of inflammatory bowel disease), along with 67 healthy individuals. Stool samples were screened for E. coli isolates using culture techniques. Cyclomodulin-encoding genes (clbN, cnf, cdt, and cif), as well as afa-C, were detected by PCR assay. Phylogrouping, virulence gene screening, antibiotic susceptibility evaluation, and biofilm formation assessment were also performed. Results: In comparison with the control group, afa-C+ DAEC was significantly associated with CRC (n = 8, 38.1%, P = 0.001) and IBD (n = 8, 17.4%, P = 0.026). The presence of clbN (n = 4, 19%) and cnf (n = 4, 19%, P = 0.053) was relatively associated with CRC. Most of the isolates from the patient group (n = 16, 23.9%) belonged to phylogroup B2. Iron uptake-related genes were also significantly associated with isolates from patients. No significant association was found between antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation in any of the studied groups. Conclusions: This study provides preliminary data about the involvement of certain important E. coli pathobionts in colon diseases. As afa-C+ DAEC was associated with the colon diseases studied, it appears that it may be proposed as a putative marker for screening procedures. However, a definitive conclusion requires more comprehensive investigations.
Testicular Torsion Following MMR Vaccination in an 18-Month-old Infant: A Case Report
Authors: Tabrizi Manijeh , Hoseini Nouri Seyyedeh Azade , Talebi Ali
Published: October 2024

Introduction: The measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine is associated with known complications, such as salivary gland involvement and aseptic meningitis. Isolated reports of epididymal orchitis following MMR vaccination have also been reported, but no reported case of testicular torsion in infancy has been explicitly attributed to the MMR vaccine. Objective: Here, we report an 18-month-old male infant presented with a history of gradually worsening painful left scrotal swelling following a booster dose of MMR that finally led to orchiectomy with the diagnosis of testicular torsion. Case Presentation: An 18-month-old male infant presented with a one-day history of gradually worsening painful left scrotal swelling following a booster dose of MMR. No evidence of blood flow was detected in the left testicle in color Doppler sonography, which was compatible with testicular torsion. In surgical exploration, the left testicle seemed firm and dark in color. The spermatic cord vessels were thrombotic in appearance, and the testicular appendix seemed completely necrotic. The nonviable left testicle was removed. Conclusions: Although testicular torsion after MMR vaccination is rare, in the case of any pain, swelling, and redness of the scrotum, the patient should seek an urgent medical consultation. Physicians should be aware that testicular swelling after the MMR vaccine might not be just epididymal-orchitis but really a medical emergency.
New data and interpretations regarding the armenian community in orhei during the tsarist period
Authors: Gumenâi Ion
Published: October 2024

The material was written based on original documents from the National Archive of the Republic of Armenia and historiographical sources on the subject. First of all, the topic regarding the appearance of the Armenian community in Orhei is analysed, then the demographic evolution of the ethno-confessional community of Armenians in Orhei, establishing the concrete figures in different periods, as well as the growth curve and the decline of this community, including the main concerns and the main representatives of Armenians in this location. Special attention was also drawn to the issue regarding the place of worship of the Armenian community in Orhei, the years when it was built and rebuilt, what function it performed in the sense that it can be classified as a church or house of prayer.