bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Autumn Tillage Activities on the Development of Weeds in Grape Crops
Authors: Gadzhieva E.
Published: October 2024

The article examines the impact of autumn tillage activities on the development of weeds as an element of agrotechnical control technology with integrated weed protection. In order to optimize the measures of autumn tillage in weed control, the main plowing and loosening of the soil around grape bushes in Ganja-Dashkasan district at different depths and at different times were studied. As a result of the research, it was found that if deeper plowing of the soil (25-28 cm) and deeper loosening of the soil around grape bushes (25 cm), depending on soil and climatic conditions, is carried out in October, it has the effect of reducing the number of weeds compared with other options, while the biological efficiency in this option becomes higher.
Comparative Genetic Study of Local and Introduced Cattle Breeds of Khizi District of Azerbaijan Republic
Authors: Nadirova A.
Published: October 2024

A comparative genetic study of local and introduced breeds of cattle in the farms of the Khizi district was carried out. Cattle of various breeds are kept on the territory of the region at enterprises of legal entities and individuals, in farms belonging to individual owners. Introduced breeds of cattle, beef and dairy cattle make up 0.0029% of the total livestock. Simmental (25%), Holstein-Frisian (27%), Brown Swiss (12%) and Aberdeen-Angus (7%) breeds are derived from introduced beef and dairy cattle. For a comparative study of the genomes of local and introduced breeds of cattle, blood samples were taken, DNA was obtained and prepared for further analysis.
Tetranychus urticae Koch Biology on Apple Trees
Authors: Rakhmanov A.
Published: October 2024

The two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) is a polyphagous arthropod herbivore that consumes over 1,100 plant species from 140 distinct plant families, including those producing harmful chemicals in temperate and tropical climates. It is an important pest in greenhouse and field cultivation, causing damage to various crops such as citrus, apples, grapes, tomatoes, peppers, cucumbers, strawberries, maize, and soy. T. urticae ability to spread over agricultural fields and adapt to environmental stressors is linked to its high propensity for mutation, leading to the highest frequency of pesticide resistance among arthropods. The genetic diversity of T. urticae gathered from apple orchards throughout Poland has been studied to investigate potential correlations between molecular variations and the occurrence of resistance to METI-acaricides. Research has shown that an abundance of leaf pubescence on the abaxial leaf surface adversely affects the development of European red mite, two-spotted spider mite, and carmine spider mite. However, due to variations in leaf sizes, tree canopy, tree ages, and the existence of natural enemies, it is impossible to compare data gathered due to variations in leaf sizes, tree canopy, tree ages, and the presence of natural enemies. Pesticide treatments negatively impact fruit plantations' ecosystems, devastating biodiversity, altering the makeup and structure of arthropod populations, and promoting mass reproduction of phytophage mites by displacing certain species with others. The most extensive research has been done on the common spider mite's development of resistance to avermectin group preparations, with some studies showing resistance to multiple acaricides.
Developing Methods for Assessing the Impact of Digital Innovations on the Economic Efficiency of Enterprises: Methodology for Measuring ROI of Digital Projects
Authors: Pshichenko D.
Published: October 2024

This study aims to develop methodologies for assessing the return on investment (ROI) of digital projects, crucial for understanding the economic impact of digital innovations on enterprises. Traditional ROI metrics often fail to capture the comprehensive value generated by digital projects. The proposed integrative framework employs advanced analytical methods, including cost-benefit analysis, real options analysis, and predictive analytics, to evaluate both tangible and intangible benefits. It incorporates dynamic risk management and scenario planning to address uncertainties and future challenges. Continuous feedback and iterative improvements ensure the framework's accuracy and relevance, enabling enterprises to optimize economic efficiency and strategic decision-making. This holistic approach offers an understanding of the multifaceted value of digital innovations.
Labor Market Analysis as a Condition for Successful Recruiting
Authors: Serbina N. , Sutormina D.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the importance of labor market analysis for attracting personnel to a company. The labor market, its structure, functions, and main parameters are characterized. Key market indicators important for recruiting are emphasized. Sources for analyzing the labor market are described and an approach to assessing its current state in the process of filling a vacancy is proposed. The authors reveal the dependence of recruiting success on the degree of development of the employer’s value proposition and its positioning against competitors.
Theoretical and Legal Foundations for the Protection of Environmental Rights as Part of Political Rights in Kyrgyzstan
Authors: Karabalaeva S. , Sydykov A.
Published: October 2024

This article examines the theoretical and legal foundations for the protection of environmental rights as integral components of political rights in the Kyrgyz Republic. It explores the evolution of environmental rights within the broader framework of human rights and political freedoms, highlighting their significance in the context of sustainable development and democratic governance. The study analyzes the existing legal frameworks, including constitutional provisions and international agreements, that support the recognition and enforcement of environmental rights in Kyrgyzstan. It also addresses the challenges and opportunities in integrating environmental rights into the political rights discourse, emphasizing the role of civic engagement, public policy, and legal reforms. The findings underscore the importance of strengthening legal mechanisms to ensure the effective protection of environmental rights as fundamental political rights, contributing to the overall enhancement of environmental governance in the Kyrgyz Republic.
Establishment and Development of the Institute for the Protection of Children’s Rights in International Law
Authors: Zhusupov B. , Burgoeva A.
Published: October 2024

In the article, legal aspects of the establishment of the institute of international child protection law are studied by means of a retrospective, inductive and deductive method. A comprehensive study of historical and legal aspects in modern legal science will make a big contribution to the further development of science, filling the gaps in this area. The purpose of the article is to reveal common features and features, characteristic features by revealing its legal status, meaning and essence through the study of legal aspects. To achieve the goal, the task set is to generalize the objective and subjective causal conditions of the establishment of the protection of children's rights and its substantive features. As a result of the article, the characteristic features of the legal aspects of the establishment of the Institute for the Protection of Children's Rights are determined.
The Bullying Concept in Scientific and Psychological Sources
Authors: Mambetakunov U. , Myrzaliyev N.
Published: October 2024

From the moral point of view, a person's actions should correspond to a certain social norm. The boundaries of this norm are set by age-old patterns and perceptions. The laws and rules of ethics in force in a given socio-historical situation also have a significant impact. It is believed that “old” and “new” rules should form a solid foundation of morality. Children should be taught these rules, and then they will live without breaking the law. Everyone wants a harmonious life, and often ordinary people, “philistines”, do not think about the true, underlying causes of violent behavior. And when they encounter aggression in children and adolescents, unfortunately, they see only superficial, external manifestations in it. Thus, the behavior of children who show irritation, intemperance, rudeness, opposition, disrespect for elders is seen as a result of poor upbringing, bad influence of peers, books and films with aggressive content, etc. And these children, as a result, become the target of severe measures by adults, society in general. The article considers the old familiar problem of “aggression” in a “new” way as the bullying concept, taking into account the research of recent years. Currently, the bullying term is a universally recognized international socio-psychological term. Despite the fact that experts ignore the problem of the impact of the bullying experience on the further life and attitudes of victims, some data show the extremely adverse impact of harassing on the subsequent behavior of a person. The authors consider different points of view of the concept of “bullying”, reveal the content of the concept of “aggression”, the purposes of aggression, its types: instrumental and emotional aggression, aggression in adolescence, etc. The purpose of this research is to identify and set the main problems associated with the problem of bullying among teenagers. The object of the research is literature considering the problem of bullying, its types. The following methods were used: theoretical (analysis of psychological, pedagogical and scientific and methodological literature on the studied problem, content analysis of modern literature; study of sources determining the characteristics of adolescent development.
Self-compassion, Job-related Wellbeing, Perceived Stress, Happiness and Depression, and Anxiety Symptoms in 6 Cases of Senior Managers of Human Resources or Organizational Development
Authors: Gruber Ema N. , Martic-Biocina Sanja
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Recent studies suggest that compassion, particularly self-compassion, is often perceived as contrary to effective leadership and organizational success, that self-compassion, which impacts emotion regulation through the acceptance of negative emotions, may be an adaptive strategy for managing stress and benefit for resilience at work, and that self-compassion is associated with happiness and inversely related to anxiety and depression. This can be taken together with the importance of job-related affective well-being, where low LPLA (Low Pleasurable Low Arousal emotions) and high LPHA (Low Pleasurable High Arousal emotions) can correlate to depression, anxiety, and stress.

The following self-report questionnaires were used: the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS-SF), the Job-Related Affective Well-Being scale (JAWS), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS 10), the Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS), the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-10).

The aims of this case series are to assess these components in six senior managers of human resources or organizational development, to understand their interconnections, and to compare the results with previous studies.

Results and discussion: The six cases’ configurations of scores (age 46-67, 4 female, 2 male) for self-compassion, job-related wellbeing, perceived stress, happiness, depression/anxiety symptoms, vary widely. Five out of six cases in this case study have higher levels of perceived stress than the norms established by previous research. The youngest among the cases is case 5 and exhibits the highest stress levels, the highest depression/anxiety levels, and a high self-compassion level simultaneously. One case has severe depression/anxiety levels, and two cases have moderate levels of depression/anxiety. Four out of six cases have high levels of self-compassion. All six cases exhibit strong negative emotional reactions to their job and level of overall job-related affective well-being is low.

The six cases in this study show the same trends outlined in the previous research: (1) self-compassion is associated with happiness and (2) self-compassion is inversely related to anxiety and depression, (3) anxiety and depression are inversely related to happiness,(4) perceived stress is negatively correlated with self-compassion (in turn that self-compassion could protect against stress, and (5) low LPLA and high LPHA levels corelate to depression, anxiety, and stress.

Conclusion: Timely awareness among managers of their levels of self-compassion, job-related well-being, perceived stress, and symptoms of depression and anxiety can be valuable in preventing the escalation of stress and the deterioration of mental health. By recognizing and addressing these factors early, managers may mitigate negative emotional outcomes, thereby fostering a healthier work environment and improving overall job satisfaction and performance.
Stok yönetiminde ABC - XYZ analizi yöntemlerinin kullanılması: Bir üniversite hastanesinde uygulama
Authors: Gül İsa , Yiğit Vahit
Published: October 2024

Hastalıkların teşhisi ve tedavisi için gerekli olan ilaç stoklarının etkin bir biçimde yönetilmesi için farklı stok kontrol yöntemleri ile analiz edilmesine ihtiyaç vardır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, bir üniversite hastanesinde 2022 yılında kullanılan ilaçların ABC, XYZ ve ABC – XYZ matrisi teknikleri ile analiz edilmesidir. Hastaneden elde edilen ilaç verileri, MS Excel programında analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmada ilaç etken maddelerinin kategorileri ABC analizi, XYZ analizi ve ABC-XYZ matrisi ile belirlenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında hastanenin eczane deposundan 467 farklı etken maddenin çıkışı gerçekleşmiştir. ABC analizinde; A grubunun miktar yüzdesinin %5,99; parasal değer yüzdesinin %69,36, B grubunun miktar yüzdesinin %11,78; parasal değer yüzdesinin %20,59 ve C grubunun miktar yüzdesinin %82,23; parasal değer yüzdesinin %10,05 olduğu belirlenmiştir. XYZ analizinde; X grubunun miktar yüzdesinin %20,98; parasal değer yüzdesinin %30,8, Y grubunun miktar yüzdesinin %33,62; parasal değer yüzdesinin %44,07 ve Z grubunun miktar yüzdesinin %45,40; parasal değer yüzdesinin %25,12 olduğu belirlenmiştir. ABC – XYZ matrisinde, parasal değer olarak stok maliyeti en yüksek olan AX (21,98) ve AY (32,78) gruplarıdır. Sonuç olarak hastane yöneticilerine, stok değeri ve hizmet sürekliliği açısından özellikle AX, BX ve AY grubundaki etken maddelere ait ilaçları üst düzeyde izlemeleri ve kontrol etmeleri önerilebilecektir.
Delusional beliefs and psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy
Authors: Vintiadis Elly
Published: October 2024

In this paper I argue that in her new book, Why Delusions Matter, Lisa Bortolotti offers us a new way to dispel a major objection to psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy, the Comforting Delusions Objection.
Is it me or my delusion? Harnessing authenticity for an agential view of delusionality
Authors: Bacchi Cristiano
Published: October 2024

In the revisionist part of the book, Bortolotti aims at defending a non-pathologising view of delusions, according to which they not only compromise but support our agency. By construing delusions as meaningful protective responses, the author attempts to decouple delusionality from pathology. Nevertheless, it is not clear how, according to her approach, delusions could foster agency. Even when seen as a “way of life” and not as psychiatric symptoms, the defensive nature of delusions undermines the person’s sense of agency, for the symptom or defence mechanism never stems from the person themselves. Notwithstanding the benefits delusions might bring along, they seem to display their own intentionality to the detriment of the agent. Here, I suggest that insights from the authenticity debate in psychiatry could support Bortolotti’s revisionist aim and benefit her discussion on identity beliefs. For this purpose, I introduce the concept of self-illness ambiguity (Sadler, 2007) and compare de Haan’s notion of existential stance (2020) and Stanghellini’s concept of position-taking (Stanghellini et al., 2023) to argue that the person’s agency resides in their ability to take a stance on their (psychiatric) condition, especially when struggling with questions of authenticity. Finally, I explore why one cannot just get rid of a delusion and why, when one attempts to, it feels urgent to replace it.
Algebraic Structure Analysis of Skew Brauer Graph Algebras Based on Taylor Series Rings
Authors: CHEN WEN-XIANG
Published: October 2024

This paper conducts an extensive and in-depth study of the algebraic structure of skew Brauer graph algebras. As a significant extension of Brauer graph algebras, skew Brauer graph algebras exhibit intricate similarities with Taylor series rings, particularly in their generation relations, representations, and underlying algebraic frameworks. By leveraging a comprehensive understanding of Taylor series rings, we analyze the fundamental properties, complex algebraic structures, and multifaceted applications in the representation theory of skew Brauer graph algebras. The paper incorporates a substantial number of mathematical formulas, theorems, and proofs to thoroughly elucidate the algebraic structures and their complexities.
Development of label-free light-controlled gene expression technologies using mid-IR and terahertz light
Authors: Yamazaki Hirohito , Sugawara Ryusei , Takayama Yurito
Published: October 2024

Gene expression is a fundamental process that regulates diverse biological activities across all life stages. Given its vital role, there is an urgent need to develop innovative methodologies to effectively control gene expression. Light-controlled gene expression is considered a favorable approach because of its ability to provide precise spatiotemporal control. However, current light-controlled technologies rely on photosensitive molecular tags, making their practical use challenging. In this study, we review current technologies for light-controlled gene expression and propose the development of label-free light-controlled technologies using mid-infrared (mid-IR) and terahertz light.
Polysaccharide-based hydrogels for cartilage regeneration
Authors: Chen Ning , Li Sidi , Miao Congrui , Zhao Qin , Dong Jinlei , Li Lianxin , Li Ci
Published: October 2024

Cartilage defect is one of the common tissue defect clinical diseases and may finally lead to osteoarthritis (OA) which threat patients’ physical and psychological health. Polysaccharide is the main component of extracellular matrix (ECM) in cartilage tissue. In the past decades, polysaccharide-based hydrogels have shown great potential for cartilage regeneration considering unique qualities such as biocompatibility, enhanced cell proliferation, drug delivery, low toxicity, and many others. Structures such as chain length and chain branching make polysaccharides have different physical and chemical properties. In this review, cartilage diseases and current treatment options of polysaccharide-based hydrogels for cartilage defection repair were illustrated. We focus on how components and structures of recently developed materials affect the performance. The challenges and perspectives for polysaccharide-based hydrogels in cartilage repair and regeneration were also discussed in depth.
Synthesis of metal nanoparticles on graphene oxide and antibacterial properties
Authors: Tene Talia , Bellucci Stefano , Pachacama Joseth , Cuenca-Lozano María F. , Tubon-Usca Gabriela , Guevara Marco , La Pietra Matteo , Cruz Salazar Yolenny , Scarcello Andrea , Arias Polanco Melvin , Gahramanli Lala Rasim , Vacacela Gomez Cristian , Caputi Lorenzo S.
Published: October 2024

Pathogen-induced infections and the rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, such as Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), pose significant global health challenges, emphasizing the need for new antimicrobial strategies. In this study, we synthesized graphene oxide (GO)-based composites functionalized with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) as potential alternatives to traditional antibiotics. The objective is to assess the antibacterial properties of these composites and explore their efficacy against E. coli and S. aureus, two common bacterial pathogens. The composites are prepared using eco-friendly and conventional methods to ensure effective nanoparticle attachment to the GO surface. Structural and morphological characteristics are confirmed through SEM, AFM, EDS, XRD, UV-vis, FTIR, and Raman spectroscopy. The antibacterial efficacy of the composites is tested through disk diffusion assays, colony-forming unit (CFU) counts, and turbidimetry analysis, with an emphasis on understanding the effects of different nanoparticle concentrations. The results demonstrated a dose-dependent antibacterial effect, with GO/AgNP-1 showing superior antibacterial activity over GO/AgNP-2, particularly at lower concentrations (32.0 μg/mL and 62.5 μg/mL). The GO/CuNP composite also exhibited significant antibacterial properties, with optimal performance at 62.5 μg/mL for both bacterial strains. Turbidimetry analysis confirmed the inhibition of bacterial growth, especially at moderate concentrations, although slight nanoparticle aggregation at higher doses reduced efficacy. Lastly, both GO/AgNP and GO/CuNP composites demonstrated significant antibacterial potential. The results emphasize the need to fine-tune nanoparticle concentration and refine synthesis techniques to improve their efficacy, positioning these composites as strong contenders for antimicrobial use.
Frontiers in attributing climate extremes and associated impacts
Authors: Perkins-Kirkpatrick Sarah E. , Alexander Lisa V. , King Andrew D. , Kew Sarah F. , Philip Sjoukje Y. , Barnes Clair , Maraun Douglas , Stuart-Smith Rupert F. , Jézéquel Aglaé , Bevacqua Emanuele , Burgess Samantha , Fischer Erich , Hegerl Gabriele C. , Kimutai Joyce , Koren Gerbrand , Lawal Kamoru Abiodun , Min Seung-Ki , New Mark , Odoulami Romaric C. , Patricola Christina M. , Pinto Izidine , Ribes Aurélien , Shaw Tiffany A. , Thiery Wim , Trewin Blair , Vautard Robert , Wehner Michael , Zscheischler Jakob
Published: October 2024

The field of extreme event attribution (EEA) has rapidly developed over the last two decades. Various methods have been developed and implemented, physical modelling capabilities have generally improved, the field of impact attribution has emerged, and assessments serve as a popular communication tool for conveying how climate change is influencing weather and climate events in the lived experience. However, a number of non-trivial challenges still remain that must be addressed by the community to secure further advancement of the field whilst ensuring scientific rigour and the appropriate use of attribution findings by stakeholders and associated applications. As part of a concept series commissioned by the World Climate Research Programme, this article discusses contemporary developments and challenges over six key domains relevant to EEA, and provides recommendations of where focus in the EEA field should be concentrated over the coming decade. These six domains are: (1) observations in the context of EEA; (2) extreme event definitions; (3) statistical methods; (4) physical modelling methods; (5) impact attribution; and (6) communication. Broadly, recommendations call for increased EEA assessments and capacity building, particularly for more vulnerable regions; contemporary guidelines for assessing the suitability of physical climate models; establishing best-practice methodologies for EEA on compound and record-shattering extremes; co-ordinated interdisciplinary engagement to develop scaffolding for impact attribution assessments and their suitability for use in broader applications; and increased and ongoing investment in EEA communication. To address these recommendations requires significant developments in multiple fields that either underpin (e.g., observations and monitoring; climate modelling) or are closely related to (e.g., compound and record-shattering events; climate impacts) EEA, as well as working consistently with experts outside of attribution and climate science more generally. However, if approached with investment, dedication, and coordination, tackling these challenges over the next decade will ensure robust EEA analysis, with tangible benefits to the broader global community.
Including educational status may improve cardiovascular risk calculations such as SCORE2
Authors: Dienhart Christiane , Gostner Isabella , Frey Vanessa , Aigner Elmar , Iglseder Bernhard , Langthaler Patrick , Paulweber Bernhard , Trinka Eugen , Wernly Bernhard
Published: October 2024

Background

The association between education and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) has been well described for decades. Nevertheless, most cardiovascular risk models, including SCORE2, still do not take educational status into account even if this factor is easily assessed and costs nothing to acquire. Using carotid plaques as a proxy for ASCVD, we analysed educational status as associated with carotid plaque development, to determine if the relationship remains, how it relates to traditional risk factors and, how it impacts the European cardiovascular risk model, SCORE2. Our study also provides further data on plaque development in a well-characterised population nearly equally weighted by gender.

Methods

9,083 subjects (51% female, 49% male) from the Paracelsus 10,000 cohort, underwent a carotid doppler duplex as part of thorough screening for subclinical ASCVD. Well over 90% of carotid doppler duplex examinations were performed by the same experienced clinician. Subjects were then classified by educational status using the Generalized International Standard Classification of Education. Plaque absence or presence was dichotomised and variables analysed using regression modelling to examine educational status relative to cardiovascular risk factors and with respect to the SCORE2 model.

Results

Using medium educational status as a reference, subjects in our cohort with low educational status had higher odds, while subjects with high educational status had lower odds for carotid plaques compared to subjects with medium education (aOR 1.76 95%CI 1.50–2.06; and 0.0.63 95%CI 0.57–0.70, respectively). Even after adjusting for common risk factors including metabolic syndrome and SCORE2, the relationship was maintained. Furthermore, when comparing the potential predictive power of SCORE2 alone and plus educational status using the Akaike information criterion, we showed a ‘better fit’ when educational status was added.

Conclusions

Measuring educational status is cost-free and easy for clinicians to obtain. We believe cardiovascular risk prediction models such as SCORE2 may more accurately reflect individual risk if educational status is also taken into account. Additionally, we believe clinicians need to understand and appropriately address educational status as a risk factor, to better quantify individual risk and take appropriate measures to reduce risk so that the association may finally be broken.
Cognitive and technological recourses in teachers’ adaptation to emergency remote teaching
Authors: Eden Sigal
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the impact of the abrupt transition to emergency remote learning (ERT), specifically focusing on teachers’ cognitive resources and technological resources both before and during ERT. The sample comprised 1,071 teachers: before ERT (53.0%), during ERT (47.0%). Five questionnaires were administered. Results indicated that teachers surveyed during ERT, compared to their counterparts surveyed before ERT, exhibited significantly elevated attitudes toward information and communication technology (ICT), increased usage of the online environment for teaching and use of computers for communication. Additionally, the degree of readiness for educational change significantly contributed to the teachers’ changed attitudes toward ICT.
The relationship between oxidative balance score and circadian syndrome: evidence from the NHANES 2005-2018
Authors: Xie Lin , Li Juan , Xu Mingzhi , Lei Yahan , Chen Xushan , Xie Jiajia
Published: October 2024

Background

The oxidative balance score (OBS) is a composite indicator that evaluates the balance between pro-oxidants and antioxidants in one’s diet and lifestyle. However, the relationship between OBS and circadian syndrome (CircS) has remained unexplored. This investigation aimed to determine a correlation between OBS and CircS.

Methods

This population-based study examined 7,202 participants from the 2005 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 1,433 of whom had CircS. We utilized weighted multivariate logistic regression, trend tests, subgroup analysis, and interaction tests to evaluate the correlation between OBS (total OBS, dietary OBS, and lifestyle OBS) and CircS. Restricted cubic splines (RCS) models and threshold effect analysis were used to explore nonlinear relationships.

Results

Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the protective factor for CircS was a high OBS level (total OBS: Odds ratio (OR) = 0.95, 95% Confidence interval (CI): 0.93-0.97; dietary OBS: OR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.96-1.00; lifestyle OBS: OR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.61-0.69). Compared to the quartile 1 group, OBS (total OBS, dietary OBS, and lifestyle OBS) was negatively and statistically significantly associated with the risk of developing Circs in the quartile 4 group (total OBS: OR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.32-0.70; dietary OBS: OR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.48-0.99; lifestyle OBS: OR = 0.07, 95% CI: 0.04-0.11). According to subgroup analysis and interaction tests, there was an interaction effect between the association of lifestyle OBS and CircS in terms of education level (p for interaction = 0.01). Furthermore, we observed a nonlinear negative relationship between lifestyle OBS and CircS prevalence, with inflection points at 6 (p for nonlinearity = 0.002).

Conclusion

The results showed a substantial negative connection between OBS and CircS. Encouraging foods filled with antioxidants and antioxidant-rich lifestyles may reduce the risk of CircS.
Targeting AMP-activated protein kinase in sepsis
Authors: Yumoto Tetsuya , Coopersmith Craig M.
Published: October 2024

Sepsis is a global health challenge marked by limited clinical options and high mortality rates. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a cellular energy sensor that mediates multiple crucial metabolic pathways that may be an attractive therapeutic target in sepsis. Pre-clinical experimental studies have demonstrated that pharmacological activation of AMPK can offer multiple potential benefits during sepsis, including anti-inflammatory effects, induction of autophagy, promotion of mitochondrial biogenesis, enhanced phagocytosis, antimicrobial properties, and regulation of tight junction assembly. This review aims to discuss the existing evidence supporting the therapeutic potential of AMPK activation in sepsis management.
An optimization dispatching strategy for integrated electricity and natural gas systems with fast charging stations
Authors: Gai Lingyun , Sun Yingying , Li Haidong , Zhu Kongyang , Yang Yue , Qu Minghui , Tian Zhiqiang
Published: October 2024

With the increasing number of electric vehicles (EVs), a large amount of charging load will affect the safety and economic operation of the distribution network (DN). In this paper, an optimization dispatching strategy for integrated electricity and natural gas systems (IEGS) with fast charging stations (FCSs) is proposed to address the impact of fast charging loads. Firstly, the FCS load model is established based on the simulation of vehicle traveling and vehicle charging. Secondly, a natural gas supply model is established, which includes constraints such as the adjustment range, direction, and total number of supply flow adjustments. Then, an optimization dispatching strategy for IEGS based on energy storage and gas storage is proposed. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed strategy is verified. The simulation results show that when the proposed strategy is applied, the voltage of FCS node will be stabilized within a good range. And the energy purchase cost will be reduced by more than 50%. The proposed method improves the carrying capacity of DN for FCSs.
Effect of gradual pollen presentation on pollination efficiency and reproduction of Vaccinium corymbosum Berkeley in two habitats
Authors: Sun Ke Xin , Zhang Yan Jia , Zhou Chun Zhi , Yang Shan Lin , Jiang Hui Xin , Cui Rong Rong
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Gradual pollen presentation is a reproductive strategy for plants to improve the efficiency and accuracy of pollen export and acceptance as well as to promote outcrossing. Vaccinium corymbosum Berkeley has a typical mechanism of gradual pollen presentation.

Methods

In this study, we used indoor and outdoor observations to investigate the floral characteristics, pollination characteristics and breeding system of this species in open ground and greenhouse.

Results

The results showed that the single white, inverted bell-shaped flower of V. corymbosum was able to effectively avoid the negative effects of rainfall, nectar dilution and pollen removal by wind, and improved pollen viability and the duration of stigma receptivity. The setting rate of ‘Northland’ is higher than open ground by artificial pollination in greenhouse, therefore, greenhouses are more suitable for ‘Northland’ reproduction. The gradual pollen presentation prolongs dispersal time, promotes pollinator participation in the pollination process, increases staminate fitness, and provides for nectar feeding by pollinators as well as pollen export. Bombus spp. and A. m. ligustica were effective pollinators in the open ground and greenhouse, and the pollination efficiency of Bombus spp. was higher than that of A. m. ligustica, and greenhouse pollination is more efficient than open ground. The coincidence of the peak period of pollinator visits with the period of highest pollen viability and optimal pollination of stigmas, as well as the high nectar production, could maximize the frequency of pollinator visits and increase the chances of successful pollination as well as the pollination efficiency.

Discussion

Therefore, it is important to study the floral characteristics of V. corymbosum Berkeley and the mechanism of gradual pollen presentation in order to improve the pollination efficiency and promote the success of outcrossing, which can provide a theoretical basis for the breeding of V. corymbosum.
Conceptual design of an autonomous single-container vessel
Authors: Hompes Jouke Thomas , Sebastiaan Hendriks Pieter Max , Tjalling Cuijpers Jelle Paul , Frederik Wolterbeek Ties Johannes , Sougé Wouter Dick , Nishiki Yoshinari , Garofano Vittorio , Jovanova Jovana
Published: October 2024

The growth of maritime shipping is leading to the creation of larger vessels. However, this expansion in size brings with it several challenges, including the development of maritime infrastructure, the potential for growth in third-world countries, and the emission of greenhouse gases. In response to these challenges, this research explores the feasibility of designing an autonomous ship capable of transporting a single standardized 40 ft. container overseas using mainly passive propulsion methods. Using advanced design tools, including CAD software and CFD simulations, as well as conducting a comprehensive analysis of relevant literature, the designs for a hull and sails were developed, and an overview of the potential active control systems required for autonomous operation was provided. The study also performed an initial analysis of strength, stability, and velocity to validate the design choices. The ship proves to adhere to the basic strength and stability requirements while reaching its maximum hull velocity at certain wind speeds. The results of the study indicate that it is possible to design and manufacture a mainly passively propelled ship capable of transporting a 40 ft. standardized container overseas and rethink the logistics at scale.
Targeting DLBCL by mutation-specific disruption of cancer-driving oncogenes
Authors: Heshmatpour Najmeh , Kazemi S. Maryam , Schmidt Niklas D. , Patnaik Sarita R. , Korus Patrick , Wilkens Bodo G. C. , Macarrón Palacios Arturo
Published: October 2024

Diffuse large B cell lymphomas (DLBCL) are highly aggressive tumors. Their genetic complexity and heterogeneity have hampered the development of novel approaches for precision medicine. Our study aimed to develop a personalized therapy for DLBCL by utilizing the CRISPR/Cas system to induce knockouts (KO) of driver genes, thereby causing cancer cell death while minimizing side effects. We focused on OCI-LY3 cells, modeling DLBCL, and compared them with BJAB cells as controls. Analysis of whole exome sequencing revealed significant mutations in genes like PAX5, CD79B, and MYC in OCI-LY3 cells. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated KO of these genes resulted in reduced cancer cell viability. Subsequent single and dual gRNA targeting of PAX5 mutations inhibited proliferation specifically in OCI-LY3 cells. Moreover, dual gRNA targeting of PAX5 and MYC induced chromosomal rearrangements, reducing cell proliferation substantially. However, targeting single intronic mutations did not affect cell viability, highlighting the importance of disrupting protein function. Targeting multiple mutations simultaneously addresses intra-tumoral heterogeneity, and the transient delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 allows for permanent gene disruption. While challenges such as incomplete editing efficiency and delivery limitations exist, further optimization may enhance therapeutic efficacy. Overall, our findings demonstrate the efficacy of CRISPR/Cas9 in targeting oncogenic mutations, opening avenues for precision medicine in DLBCL treatment.
Case Report: Charcot-marie-tooth disease caused by a de novo MORC2 gene mutation - novel insights into pathogenicity and treatment
Authors: Zhu Feng , Gao Chengcheng , Zhu Xiangxiang , Jiang Huihua , Huang Mingchun , Zhou Yuanlin
Published: October 2024

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is a hereditary peripheral neuropathy involving approximately 80 pathogenic genes. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) and confirmatory Sanger sequencing analysis was applied to identify the disease-causing mutations in a Chinese patient with lower limb weakness. We present an 18-year-old male with a 2.5-year history of progressive lower limb weakness and an unsteady gait. Upon admission, a physical examination revealed hands tremulousness, bilateral calf muscle wasting and weakness, pes cavus, and elevated serum creatine kinase (CK) levels. Electromyography demonstrated axonal neuropathy affecting both upper and lower limbs. A de novo heterozygous missense mutation was identified in the MORC2 gene, NM_001303256.3: c.1199A>G, NP_001290186.1: p.Gln400Arg. Consequently, these clinical and genetic findings suggested a diagnosis of hereditary peripheral neuropathy, CMT type 2Z. Oral mecobalamin and coenzyme Q10 was initiated as subsequent treatment. Our study firstly reports the MORC2 c.1199A>G mutation occurring de novo, highlighting its causal association with CMT2Z, and prompting its reclassification as likely pathogenic. Oral mecobalamin and coenzyme Q10 might be a potential treatment approach for early-stage CMT2Z. We recommend genetic testing for CMT patients to identify the genetic etiology, thereby improving clinical management and facilitating genetic counseling.
Future semiochemical control of codling moth, Cydia pomonella
Authors: Whitfield E. Charles , Fountain Michelle T.
Published: October 2024

Codling moth (CM), Cydia pomonella, is a significant pest of apple (Malus domestica) and other orchard crops worldwide, posing challenges due to the decrease in registered insecticides, rising resistance, and a changing climate. The pest exhibits a strong resistance capacity to both synthetic and natural insecticides, while shifting seasonal temperatures disrupt the reliability of phenology-temperature models for predicting targeted control strategies. Alternative control strategies are necessary to future-proof control of this pest. Current control methods primarily rely on chemical insecticide sprays or granulosis virus applications during egg hatching. This review focuses explicitly on semiochemical-based manipulation of CM adults and larvae for control in orchards. Topics covered include the role of semiochemicals in integrated pest management, area-wide control, mating disruption, female attractants, larval kairomones, and incorporation into monitoring and control strategies. The potential of CM repellents in a push–pull strategy is also discussed. Primary sources for identifying relevant literature included GoogleScholar and ResearchGate, with a focus on papers published since 2013 but also include relevant papers from 2003. Nine review papers and 119 papers were reviewed. The review emphasizes that effective control necessitates an area-wide approach targeting all life stages (eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults). Comprehensive monitoring is crucial for identifying CM “hot-spots” and enhancing targeted interventions. Growers must consider landscape context when designing control programs. Lastly, recommendations are provided for future research and CM management strategies. There are opportunities to explore and exploit female kairomone attractants and repellents in control strategies and modify monitoring traps to be more attractive and autonomous.
A nanoscale natural drug delivery system for targeted drug delivery against ovarian cancer: action mechanism, application enlightenment and future potential
Authors: Li Yi , Shen Qian , Feng Lu , Zhang Chuanlong , Jiang Xiaochen , Liu Fudong , Pang Bo
Published: October 2024

Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the deadliest gynecological malignancies in the world and is the leading cause of cancer-related death in women. The complexity and difficult-to-treat nature of OC pose a huge challenge to the treatment of the disease, Therefore, it is critical to find green and sustainable drug treatment options. Natural drugs have wide sources, many targets, and high safety, and are currently recognized as ideal drugs for tumor treatment, has previously been found to have a good effect on controlling tumor progression and reducing the burden of metastasis. However, its clinical transformation is often hindered by structural stability, bioavailability, and bioactivity. Emerging technologies for the treatment of OC, such as photodynamic therapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, gene therapy, molecular therapy, and nanotherapy, are developing rapidly, particularly, nanotechnology can play a bridging role between different therapies, synergistically drive the complementary role of differentiated treatment schemes, and has a wide range of clinical application prospects. In this review, nanoscale natural drug delivery systems (NNDDS) for targeted drug delivery against OC were extensively explored. We reviewed the mechanism of action of natural drugs against OC, reviewed the morphological composition and delivery potential of drug nanocarriers based on the application of nanotechnology in the treatment of OC, and discussed the limitations of current NNDDS research. After elucidating these problems, it will provide a theoretical basis for future exploration of novel NNDDS for anti-OC therapy.
SFRP2 modulates functional phenotype transition and energy metabolism of macrophages during diabetic wound healing
Authors: Yang Jiaqi , Xiong Guorui , He Huijuan , Huang Haili
Published: October 2024

Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus, which causes great health damage and economic burden to patients. The pathogenesis of DFU is not fully understood. We screened wound healing-related genes using bioinformatics analysis, and full-thickness skin injury mice model and cellular assays were used to explore the role of target genes in diabetic wound healing. SFRP2 was identified as a wound healing-related gene, and the expression of SFRP2 is associated with immune cell infiltration in DFU. In vivo study showed that suppression of SFRP2 delayed the wound healing process of diabetic mice, impeded angiogenesis and matrix remodeling, but did not affect wound healing process of control mice. In addition, suppression of SFRP2 increased macrophage infiltration and impeded the transition of macrophages functional phenotypes during diabetic wound healing, and affected the transcriptome signatures-related to inflammatory response and energy metabolism at the early stage of wound healing. Extracellular flux analysis (EFA) showed that suppression of SFRP2 decreased mitochondrial energy metabolism and increased glycolysis in injury-related macrophages, but impeded both glycolysis and mitochondrial energy metabolism in inflammatory macrophages. In addition, suppression of SFRP2 inhibited wnt signaling-related genes in macrophages. Treatment of AAV-SFRP2 augmented wound healing in diabetic mice and demonstrated the therapeutic potential of SFRP2. In conclusions, SFRP2 may function as a wound healing-related gene in DFU by modulating functional phenotype transition of macrophages and the balance between mitochondrial energy metabolism and glycolysis.
Second-line monotherapy with a PD-1/CTLA-4 inhibitor effectively treated multiple brain and lung metastases of cervical cancer: a case report
Authors: Ni Juan , Dong Xiaoyue , Shou Huafeng , Xu Qing , Yin Zhuomin , Lou Hanmei
Published: October 2024

Background

Brain metastasis (BM) from cervical cancer (CC) is extremely rare. The prognosis of BM is poor. To our knowledge, no satisfactory therapeutic and standard effective treatments have been established. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) treatment is emerging as a promising treatment in recurrence and metastasis(B/M) cervical cancer in recent years.

Case

We present a 50-year-old patient with CC who developed multiple metastasis (lung, brain and skin) 2 years after postoperative chemoradiotherapy. She received palliative therapy included chemotherapy, resection and stereotactic radiosurgery of BM with poor response. Then, the patient received second-line palliative monotherapy with a PD-1/CTLA-4 inhibitor(cadonilimab) and achieved clinical very good partial response (VGPR), a progression-free survival (PFS) of 14 months and overall survival of more than 18 months since BM.

Conclusion

We report a case of cervical cancer with multiple metastasis receiving cadonilimab and achieved considerable response and survival benefit.
Pulmonary SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to para-infectious immune activation in the brain
Authors: Dunai Cordelia , Hetherington Claire , Boardman Sarah A. , Clark Jordan J. , Sharma Parul , Subramaniam Krishanthi , Tharmaratnam Kukatharmini , Needham Edward J. , Williams Robyn , Huang Yun , Wood Greta K. , Collie Ceryce , Fower Andrew , Fox Hannah , Ellul Mark A. , Held Marie , Egbe Franklyn N. , Griffiths Michael , Solomon Tom , Breen Gerome , Kipar Anja , Cavanagh Jonathan , Irani Sarosh R. , Vincent Angela , Stewart James P. , Taams Leonie S. , Menon David K. , Michael Benedict D.
Published: October 2024

Neurological complications, including encephalopathy and stroke, occur in a significant proportion of COVID-19 cases but viral protein is seldom detected in the brain parenchyma. To model this situation, we developed a novel low-inoculum K18-hACE2 mouse model of SARS-CoV-2 infection during which active viral replication was consistently seen in mouse lungs but not in the brain. We found that several mediators previously associated with encephalopathy in clinical samples were upregulated in the lung, including CCL2, and IL-6. In addition, several inflammatory mediations, including CCL4, IFNγ, IL-17A, were upregulated in the brain, associated with microglial reactivity. Parallel in vitro experiments demonstrated that the filtered supernatant from SARS-CoV-2 virion exposed brain endothelial cells induced activation of uninfected microglia. This model successfully recreates SARS-CoV-2 virus-associated para-infectious brain inflammation which can be used to study the pathophysiology of the neurological complications and the identification of potential immune targets for treatment.