bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SUSTAINABLE MICRO FINANCING AND ITS EFFECT ON WOMEN EMPOWERMENT: STUDY OF PAKISTAN
Authors: Shakoor Aqil
Published: December 2024

This study implies research on the impact of microfinance sustainability on the empowerment of Pakistani women. Microfinance has been perceived as a successful apparatus for destitution mitigation and empowerment of women in emerging nations, including Pakistan. In any case, the sustainability of microfinance programs has involved concern, and there is a need to investigate practical microfinance as an expected answer to the supportability issue. A huge extent of the world's poor is comprised of women, and they frequently face boundaries to getting too formal monetary frameworks, which makes them helpless against neediness and double-dealing. Microfinance furnishes women with access to credit, reserve funds, and other monetary administrations, empowering them to start and develop limited-scope undertakings, support their income, and upgrade their financial status. Studies have shown that microfinance decidedly affects women's empowerment, including expanded dynamic power, self-assurance, and societal position. Be that as it may, there is a lacking investigation of into the impact of the sustainability of microfinancing on the empowerment of Pakistani women. This exploration concentrates on utilizing a qualitative research design to investigate the role of sustainable microfinance in improving women's empowerment in Pakistan. An example of 50 women recipients of microfinance in the locale was picked by applying a purposive sampling technique. Information was collected through semi-organized interviews, focus groups, formal discussions, and analysis of documents. The findings of the review add to the current information on microfinance sustainability and its impact on the empowerment of women. The review will likewise give bits of knowledge into the strategy and practice implications of microfinance programs for women empowerment in Pakistan. The results of this study are significant for microfinance professionals, policymakers, and specialists keen on the convergence of microfinance and women empowerment in Pakistan.
CHILDREN PERCEPTION ON SECOND MARRIAGES AND STEPFATHER RELATIONSHIPS: EVIDENCE FROM KARACHI, PAKISTAN
Authors: Riaz Sakina
Published: December 2024

This study shed light on them other's second marriage and its consequences on children in Pakistan. Stepfamilies are a progressively more common family form, observed by different challenges and opportunities with consequences for family functioning and youth well-being. At Present, there is a dearth of research on this topic. This study examines children's perception of their mother's second marriage and stepfather relationship quality. This research aimed to explore family patterns, family functioning, closeness, and stepfather relationships. Using a descriptive-analytic method and sociological perspective, this study tries to answer the question of how the mother’s second marriage impacts childcare in Muslim families in the modern context. And how do children define and negotiate the stepfather‘s role? The data was collected from seventy-six (76) school-going children, under the age group 10 to 16 years. the researcher collected the data through a snowball sampling technique from three Public secondary schools located in the district center and two Private schools located in the district south, in Karachi with the help of a Questionnaire. Results indicate that free communication between growing-up children and their stepfather, illiteracy in the family, poverty, low amounts of arguing between mothers and stepfathers, parenting agreement, and gender have contributed significantly to the quality of the stepfather and children relationship. Finally, this study reveals that stepfather involvement, socioeconomic status, and religion are positively associated with the stepfather-child relationship.
PURCHASE INTENTION TOWARDS ORGANIC FOOD
Authors: Shahid Kashifa , Khan Farman , Khan Haider
Published: December 2024

Organic food is known for its health benefits, but it is still not widely consumed in Pakistan. There is limited research on organic food in the country, especially in terms of understanding the factors that affect its consumption. The purpose of this investigation is to identify the factors that drive the purchase of organic food during the COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan. Due to Pakistan's unique economic situation, social norms, and level of development, it is crucial to study these factors within the Pakistani context. The findings from other countries, such as North America, Europe, and China, may not be applicable to Pakistan. This research aims to explore the influential factors on consumer attitude toward organic food during the pandemic and how this attitude affects their purchase intention, particularly with regard to their income level. This is particularly relevant as we are currently experiencing inflation and a recession during the pandemic. A conceptual framework model was developed based on six constructs, which were tested through a simple random sampling of the urban and non-urban population in Karachi. The investigation found that health consciousness, environmental concern, consumer knowledge, and personal norms significantly impact consumer attitudes toward organic food. The last hypothesis suggests that there is a positive relationship between attitude and purchase intention.
ROLE OF TECHNOLOGICAL INTEGRATION IN BUSINESS SUSTAINABILITY
Authors: Kiyani Muhammad Shahmir
Published: December 2024

In today's rapidly evolving business landscape, the integration of technology has become increasingly critical in shaping the sustainability efforts of businesses worldwide. This study aims to explore the multifaceted impact of technology on business sustainability, focusing on environmental, social, and economic dimensions. With the continuous advancement of digital innovations, businesses are faced with both unprecedented opportunities and challenges in their sustainability journey. Technological trends such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, and renewable energy solutions are revolutionizing the way businesses operate and interact with their environments. Artificial intelligence, for example, enables businesses to optimize processes, reduce waste, and make data-driven decisions, ultimately leading to improved environmental sustainability. Similarly, blockchain technology provides transparency and traceability throughout supply chains, enhancing social responsibility by ensuring fair labor practices and ethical sourcing of materials. Renewable energy solutions further contribute to environmental sustainability by reducing carbon emissions and dependence on fossil fuels, thus mitigating climate change.  Moreover, technology has a significant impact on the economic aspect of sustainability. By streamlining operations and increasing efficiency, businesses can reduce costs and improve profitability while minimizing their environmental footprint. Additionally, technological advancements create new opportunities for revenue generation, such as developing innovative products and services that cater to sustainability-conscious consumers. The study investigated the relationship between technology and business sustainability; a survey was conducted with a sample size of 104 respondents using convenience sampling and Google surveys with Likert scales. The survey aimed to gauge the perceptions and practices of businesses in Karachi, Pakistan, regarding technology integration and sustainability initiatives. The findings of the survey revealed a strong correlation between technology integration and business sustainability. A significant majority of respondents reported integrating technology into their operations, with over 82.7% indicating that their businesses practice sustainability. This underscores the importance of technology in fostering sustainable business practices and aligns with existing literature highlighting the positive impact of technology on environmental conservation, social responsibility, and economic resilience.
The THE CHALLENGE OF CLIMATE CHANGE: PAKISTAN’S RISING FOOD INSECURITY
Authors: Jaleel Sabahat , Noor Husna , Abbasi Sahira
Published: December 2024

The paper has been purposely written to highlight the relationship between climate change and growing food insecurity. This article has analysed the current condition of the food crisis in Pakistan. The economic and humanitarian harms due to these extreme events are examined in the study. An overview of the change in productivity of wheat, rice and cotton due to flood and high temperatures is given. Pakistan can be sketched primarily to the limited economic access of the poorest and exposure to food chain disruptions. The current condition of the food crisis has been examined from an international perspective, and the efforts of the current government to resolve the issue are considered. The miserable condition of the agriculture sector in Pakistan is precisely inspected about the problems the farming community faces. The discussion focused on the author’s views about the changes in climate patterns leading to food security. The recommendation portion offers the guidelines which could thwart the drastic effects of climate change and prevent a food crisis. If implemented in its full spirit in either the short term or long term, the climate change policies and food security strategies could be proved as a silver line. The research objectives have been attained using a qualitative research methodology. Content analysis of the material already available on the topic in the form of books, official reports, and research articles is one of the tools used for data collection. A valid conclusion has been reached after an objective analysis of the appropriate literature.
UNTANGLING THE ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION IN HIGHER EDUCATION: A GENDER DYNAMIC VIEW OF BUSINESS STUDENTS
Authors: Awan Wasim Abbas , Khalil Hamza
Published: December 2024

This study aims to investigate the relationship between entrepreneurial desire, entrepreneurial orientation, and awareness of the business environment among students, with a particular emphasis on gender differences. Despite all entrepreneurial endeavors, not every student possesses an equal inclination to pursue entrepreneurship. Consequently, the level of desire and inclination towards entrepreneurship differs among students. For instance, certain students possess an inherent inclination for entrepreneurship, while others do not. The study seeks to gauge the level of entrepreneurial intention in higher education institutions. The study utilizes a survey approach, employing conventional pen and paper to collect data from students who are currently enrolled in public sector universities. The study reveals a notable disparity between genders in their entrepreneurial inclination, comprehension of the business environment, and desire for entrepreneurship. The results suggest that female students demonstrate higher entrepreneurial ambition and creativity, whereas male students display higher degrees of risk propensity and understanding of the business landscape. The study yields fascinating insights about gender disparities in entrepreneurial orientations and provides recommendations for higher education institutions.
FACILITATING AGRICULTURAL KNOWLEDGE DISSEMINATION: AN EXPLORATION OF FARMERS' PREFERRED INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION CHANNELS AND STYLES
Authors: Amir Adeel Ahmed , Akhter Parvaiz , Cheema Ali Nawaz , Asif Ali
Published: December 2024

Effective communication is crucial if farmers are to share ideas and practices and increase agricultural output. Interpersonal communication is the most common method of learning about agriculture. Agricultural research departments, often in collaboration with local, national, and international organizations, have developed communication tools to disseminate information about new farming technologies, fertilizers, and pesticides. Agriculture programming is desperately needed, but it's often ignored and doesn't get much airtime on networks like "Apna." Effective communication channels are essential for the adoption of agricultural innovations, especially for interpersonal communication. Social networks, peer groups, and extension agents are useful resources for persuading farmers to use novel methods. This study investigates the function of many forms and sources of interpersonal communication for discussions about agriculture in the district of Lodhran in South Punjab, Pakistan. Purposive sampling was used in the survey, and structured questionnaires were used to acquire empirical data. The results showed that many forms and sources of interpersonal communication are essential in agricultural discussions among the farmers within the field of study. The outcome of this study confirmed that farmers preferred in-person conversations on agricultural commodities with sales representatives of marketing firms
IMPRUDENT PURCHASING: STUDY IN RELATION TO UN SDG 12
Authors: Akhter Faheem , Ummara Umme
Published: December 2024

This study endeavours to investigate a thorough analysis of imprudent purchasing behaviour in society. Responsible production and consumption are the requirements of the time. This study focuses on the impact of personality traits, in-store marketing, and income levels on imprudent purchases. 400 respondents aged 15 and above from well-known stores in Karachi were approached to collect data through a survey questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, correlation and regression analysis were done. Findings reveal that individuals having more options for new experiences are more likely to make imprudent purchases. In contrast, conscientiousness and Agreeableness correlate negatively, indicating these traits are causes of a decrease in imprudent purchasing behaviour. Interestingly, extraversion and neuroticism show no significant influence. The study also uncovers an inverse relationship between in-store marketing and imprudent purchasing, challenging conventional theories. Furthermore, it reveals that the economic crisis, despite increasing stress levels and potentially encouraging some individuals to engage in imprudent purchasing as a coping mechanism, does not significantly affect imprudent purchasing overall. Similarly, monthly income levels also showed no significant impact, implying that imprudent purchasing behaviours persist across varied economic and income conditions. These insights carry implications for companies, policymakers, and consumers, emphasizing the need to comprehend the complex nature of imprudent purchasing. This research contributes to the understanding of consumer behaviour in times of economic uncertainty, providing a fresh perspective on how the Government can make possible changes to promote responsible consumption.
استدراج المجني عليه في جريمة القتل العمد
Authors: الروژبیاني سلطان أحمد
Published: December 2024

المستخلص
يناقش هذا البحث استدراج المجني عليه من قبل الجاني بقصد قتله، حيث ان الجاني لايعاقب بعقوبة الاعدام في قانون العقوبات العراقي بمجرد قيامه بقتل انسان اخر بل لابد ان يصطحب القتل بظرف من الظروف المشددة الواردة على سبيل الحصر، والتي يدل على الخطورة الاجرامية العالية لديه. و لم يورد المشرع العراقي استدراج المجني عليه من قبل الجاني بقصد قتله من قبيل هذه الظروف. لسد هذا النقص التشريعي ولكثرة وقائع ارتكاب جريمة القتل عن طريق الاستدراج في الآونة الاخيرة؛ ودلالته على الخطورة الاجرامية للجاني كونه يستخدم هذه الوسيلة الغادرة والمفاجأة لضمان تحقيق تنفيذ نتيجته الاجرامية لقد خصصنا بحثنا هذا في ايجاد التكييف القانوني المناسب لحالة الاستدراج، وفي نهاية بحثنا توصلنا الى ان حالة استدراج المجني عليه تتحقق فيه جميع عناصر الترصد بالاضافة الى تحقق جميع مبررات علة تشديد العقاب فيه بل احيانا مبررات استدراج المجني عليه لتشديد العقاب يفوق ظرف الترصد بفهمومه التقليدي.
الكلمات المفتاحية: استدراج، المجني عليه، القتل العمد،  الظروف المشددة ، الترصد
Vasily Titov’s Two-choir Concertos in Light of Nikolai Diletsky’s Amplification Theory
Authors:   Moscow State Tchaikovsky Conservatory, Plotnikova Natalia Yu. ,   State Institute for Art Studies
Published: December 2024

Of special relevance in the research of Russian music of the Baroque period are the methods of analysis that appeal to the music theory textbooks of that time. This article examines for the first time the theory of amplification developed by Nikolai Diletsky in his treatise Musikiyskaya grammatika [Musical Grammar]: the most significant techniques are disclosed of expansion of composition, which include exact repetition and various types of varied repetition, including modal, metric-rhythmic and melodic transformations of the musical material. It is suggested that the models of the ascending and descending motion, according to Diletsky, the so-called ascents and descents, are also means of amplification. The main aim of the article is the study of the music of the most significant composer of the partesny style, Vasily Titov from the point of view of Diletsky’s theory. The main object of the research is provided by eight two-choir concertos by Titov, the scores of which have been compiled and edited by the author of the article and are presently being prepared for publication. In this work the techniques of expansion of composition are revealed and characterized, their similarities or differences with the examples offered in Musikiyskaya grammatika [Musical Grammar] are established. It is shown that the multitude of techniques of exposition and the development of the material in Titov’s music exceed the usual “tutorial” schemes. Thus, the composer seldom turns to precise repetition, instead, applying timbral-textural variation, including the chorale rule, i.e., antiphonal juxtaposition of the choruses, basing himself on simple or canonic imitations of the respective choruses. Melodic transformations, such as, for instance, inversions are not only given in consecutive juxtapositions with the prime versions, but also combining together the prime and inverted versions in simultaneous sounding. It is established that Titov expands the ambitus of the models of ascending motion suggested by Diletsky, and also makes broad use of the rule of mixing together the types of motion (mixta), forming his own synthetic models. In his artistic realization of the typified schemes, Titov makes use of harmonic and contrapuntal means in a masterful way, achieving great artistic results. The article is accompanied by music examples, which illustrate the theoretical positions.
China in Soviet Opera: Sergei Vasilenko’s Son of the Sun and Its Stage Fate
Authors:   Glinka Nizhny Novgorod State Conservatoire, Medvedeva Yulia P.
Published: December 2024

The attitude of the general public and musical circles to the work of Sergei Nikiforovich Vasilenko (1872–1956) changed more than once. Now that it becomes possible to consider his work more objectively, it is attracting the increasing attention of performers and researchers. One of Vasilenko’s most interesting works yet to receive critical reappraisal is his opera Son of the Sun [Sïn Solntsa] (1929). A year after its premiere at the Bolshoi Theatre, the opera was largely forgotten; however, as the present work sets out to demonstrate, this was primarily as a result of political and not artistic factors. Up until now, Son of the Sun has not been the object of detailed musicological analysis. Fortunately, the score, archival materials and critical responses to the production have been preserved. By turning to them, one can reconstruct the atmosphere of its creation to provide this important work with an unbiased assessment and answer the question about the reasons for its unhappy stage fate. The relevance of Son of the Sun today is determined by another circumstance: it is the only Soviet opera whose subject matter is connected with China: the libretto by Mikhail Galperin is based on the events of the Boxer Rebellion of 1899–1901. As well as drawing on elements of romanticism, impressionism, and modernism, Vasilenko’s music reveals a keen interest in Chinese folklore: in addition to repeatedly quoting themes from Chinese folk music, the composer finds new ways of working with them that correspond to the nature of the material itself. In the musical dramaturgy of the opera, four independent lines can be distinguished: ethnographic, lyrical, revolutionary–ideological and “topical”. In the last of them, the composer comes close to the genre of Zeitoper, which became popular in European musical theatre during the 1920s and 1930s. The study of Vasilenko’s forgotten opera on the eve of its 100th anniversary shows that Son of the Sun has many merits that justify its more thorough study and new attempts to bring it to stage.
A study of Shin Young-don’s “Talchumnori in Our Country” (1957), the first book on Mask Drama published in North Korea
Authors:   The Modern Bibiography Review Society, Kim Kwangsik
Published: December 2024

This paper examines Shin Young-don’s “Talchumnori in Our Country” (1957), the first book on Mask Drama published in North Korea. Until now, studies on North Korea have centered on Kim Il-chul’s “A study on Korea Folk Talnori” (1958), with no mention of Shin Young-don. Like Kim Il-chul, Shin Young-don joined the Academy of Sciences in 1955. Shin Young-don published a book for the masses a year before Kim Il-chul.
In North Korea, full-scale research on Talnori(Mask Drama) had already been conducted in 1957. The same year Shin Young-don’s book was published, Goh Jeong-ok published two papers on Mask Drama. The following year, Kim Il-chul also published a monograph. As the three of them started their research on Mask Drama while working at the Academy of Sciences, it is necessary to study them comparatively. This paper critically examines Shin Young-don’s book in comparison to contemporary studies and examines the debates and development of Mask Drama in North Korea before and after 1960.
Both Goh Jeong-ok and Shin Young-don criticized the Hwanghae-do lion dance for being distorted by Collaborative scholars during the colonial period. Goh Jeong-ok believed that the punishment for the offending monks should be carried out by the people’s artistic resistance, not by the lions. Shin Young-don and Kim Il-chul paid attention to the content of Mask Drama, and were less interested in its Rewriting. However, Goh Jeong-ok was interested in the need for collective people’s creation.
Cómo la educación cívica y ética incide en la formación de valores en los estudiantes de bachillerato
Authors: López Bolaños Steven Patricio , Del Rosario León Cristopher Alexander , Guerra Martínez Katherine Johanna , Piedra Falcón Eugenia Elizabeth , Ruiz Mencías Scarleth Salomé
Published: December 2024

El presente estudio parte del análisis del rol de la cívica y ética en la formación de valores en los estudiantes de 3ro de bachillerato en la ciudad de Quito, mediante un enfoque mixto, para lo cual, es fundamental mencionar que la falta de esta asignatura recae en un déficit significativo dentro de la formación, afectando la participación de los estudiantes dentro de los procesos de transformación social. Adicional, se encuentra que la correcta aplicación de metodologías activas y el aprendizaje basado en proyectos en las aulas e incorporar en el nuevo año lectivo 2024-2025, régimen Sierra-Oriente, donde se integra cívica como asignatura, con la finalidad de promover la aplicación práctica de los valores cívicos. La investigación concluye que esta área del saber no sólo proporciona conocimientos teóricos sobre los derechos y deberes ciudadanos, sino, fomenta la participación en la comunidad, el respeto por la diversidad, la comprensión de la importancia de la justicia y la igualdad.
Una Mirada de la Etnoeducación de los Saberes Ancestrales en el Estudio de las Ciencias Sociales dentro de Contextos Afrocolombianos
Authors: Rodríguez Mosquera Byron
Published: December 2024

Conocer, entender, interpretar y relacionar el comportamiento del ser humano en sociedad, es la base fundamental de las ciencias sociales. Es allí, donde la comprensión de los fenómenos que suceden en el entorno, se convierte en el propósito fundamental para adquirir y estructurar nuevos conocimientos. Dentro del contexto del territorio del pacifico afrocolombiano, este proceso se lleva a cabo a través de la transmisión de saberes ancestrales, aunque los cambios y transformaciones del mundo actual, han relegado de alguna manera esta práctica milenaria. Por tanto, esta investigación tiene como objetivo ahondar sobre la realidad de la etnoeducación en el municipio de San Andrés de Tumaco (Nariño), integrando la relación de los saberes ancestrales en las ciencias Sociales. Mediante un estudio de enfoque cualitativo de diseño investigación-acción, con la aplicación de la técnica de grupos focalizados a docentes de la asignatura de ciencias sociales de instituciones educativas públicas del municipio. Se obtienen resultados que evidencian la falta de estrategias pedagógicas orientadas a la etnoeducación, donde los conocimientos ancestrales se transmiten débilmente en el aula. Por tanto, se requiere, que los docentes afrocolombianos busquen alternativas de conservación y trasmisión de los saberes ancestrales a los estudiantes, comprometidos con su propia formación y la aplicabilidad de la etnoeducación como base para mantener latente la cultura afrodescendiente.
High-Resolution Guided Image Synthesis Using Latent Diffusion Model Technology
Authors: Abd Sura Ahmed Abd , Ali Khawla Hussein , Abduljabbar Zaid Ameen
Published: December 2024

We introduce the latent diffusion model used in medical ultrasound image synthesis. We point out that precision is the issue, and installing ultrasound images was completed with an accuracy of 97.47% since ultrasound demands greater accuracy. It has some particular disadvantages because it operates in real-time and requires operator settings. Considering these challenges, our model has a lot of promise to provide accurate and lifelike ultrasound images. Even though it is hard to calculate the precise answer for this optimization, applying the backpropagation method merely once can produce an approximation. In order to train a diffusion model with the value and outcomes (FID: 2.870, CLIP: 0.209, SSIM: 0.9923, and LPIPS: 0.92) that we promised, we generated synthetic images of roughly 300 ultrasound images. were acquired. Expanding the use of artificial intelligence in medical imaging is the aim of this endeavor. Since this is a novel problem, the study will serve as a foundation and source of inspiration for researchers looking into possible applications of diffusion models in medical image production. The URL https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/suraahmed56/computer-vision-medical-images provides access to synthetic images
Genetic profiling of K232A mutation of DGAT1 gene in Murrah buffalo
Authors: Kaur Rajpal , Magotra Ankit , Kumar Sandeep , Gera Sandeep , Karan Ram , - Kamaldeep , Garg Asha , - Puspha
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study was to characterize and validate the candidate K232A in in Murrah buffalo’s Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase1 (DGAT1) gene. The DGAT1 gene has been identified as a possible candidate gene for milk fat. EaeI restriction enzyme was used to digest a 413 bp PCR product that covered the DGAT1 gene’s exon 7, intron 8, exon 9, and partial exon 9 regions. This allowed us to screen for the reported mutation. Within our resource population, a monomorphic banding pattern with genotype KK was discovered. Additionally, sequencing was done to evaluate and validate the screening mutation in a specific region’s nucleotide sequence. The outcome suggests that the Murrah buffalo has a substantially conserved sequence.
Revalence of ixodid ticks in buffaloes of Indore district, Madhya Pradesh, India
Authors: Kumar Mandloi Umesh , Jayraw Anantrao Kashiram , Prasad Jatav Gaya , Shakya Mukesh , Agrawal Vivek , Jamra Nirmala
Published: December 2024

Ticks which are highly prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions, top the list as arthropod vectors amongst microbial diseases in non-human vertebrates and are major constraint in achieving maximum production from buffaloes which are commonly called as ‘Black Diamond’ owing to their versatile role in the socioeconomic upliftment. Although voluminous literature is available pertaining to prevalence of ticks in cattle, but when it comes to buffaloes, very scanty literature is available about buffalo ticks. Therefore, an investigation was carried out to assess the prevalence of ixodid ticks in buffaloes of Indore district. Every month, ticks were collected from a total of 9922 buffaloes belonging to randomly selected 5 villages of each tehsil of Indore district, viz. Indore, Mhow, Depalpur, Sanwer and Hatod. The current study revealed an overall tick prevalence of 42.49% with significantly high prevalence of Rhipicephalus microplus (29.83%) than Hyalomma anatolicum (10.14%) and mixed infestation (2.52%). Month-wise, the tick prevalence was significantly high in the month of September (48.41%) while it was significantly lowt in the month of January (30.04%). Season-wise, the prevalence of ticks was highest in monsoon (48.41%) than summer (42.55%) and winter (40.75%). Amongst the various age groups, significantly high tick infestation was evident in 1–3-year-old (71.35%) than <1 year-old (49.29%) and >3-year-old (37.47%) animals. Significantly high prevalence was recorded in males (59.47%) than that of females (41.09%). Significantly higher rate of occurrence was noted in Mhow tehsil (50.49%) as compared to Depalpur (43.76%), Indore (43.35%), Sanwer (38.42%) and Hatod (36.53%) tehsils of Indore district.
Successful management of fetal mummification in non-descript buffalo heifer by medical termination and episiotomy operation
Authors: Manokaran Sakthivelu , Selvaraju Mani , Palanisamy Mahakrishnan , Prakash Subramanian
Published: December 2024

A 9-month pregnant non-descript buffalo heifer was presented with the history of vaginal discharge. The case was diagnosed as fetal mummification during clinical and ultrasound examination. The parturition was induced with PGF2α. The animal was not responded to and hence the second dose of PGF2α was given 72 h later. The cervix was fully dilated forty-eight hours after second PGF2α injection but due to vulval constriction it was unable to deliver the fetus. Hence an episiotomy was performed and the mummified fetus was delivered.
Increased activity of the catalase enzyme after physical exercise as a signal for reducing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2): a systematic review
Authors: Wibawa Junian Cahyanto , Setiawan Angga , Pratiwi Diyanti Jati , Yunitasari Indah , Puspitaningsih Flora , Dzikry Lataniya Fie , Ayubi Novadri , Aljunaid Mohammed , Lesmana Heru Syarli
Published: December 2024

Oxidative stress is a process of oxidation reactions in the body, one of which is triggered by physical exercise. Physical exercise triggers an increase in ROS (reactive oxygen species), which also has an impact on increasing endogenous antioxidants in the body such as the enzyme catalase. The aim of this research is to determine how physical activity impacts the increase in catalase enzyme and how the role of catalase enzyme in counteracting free radicals caused by oxidative stress during exercise, one of which is its role in reducing H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide). For this study, a number of journal databases were searched, including Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Scopus. The study took into account a number of factors, such as studies on physical exercise, endogenous antioxidants, and the enzyme catalase published in the previous five years. Only articles published in non-reputable journals and not indexed in the databases specified in the inclusion criteria were excluded from our study. A total of 1,560 papers were located using Embase, Web of Science, PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus databases. About ten carefully selected and peer-reviewed papers addressed the need for this systemic change. Systematic Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) items were used in the creation of the standard operating procedures of the investigation. The findings of the systemic analysis showed that sports has been shown to increase the enzyme catalase as one of the endogenous antioxidants. ROS has been shown to increase during exercise. Catalase enzyme as an endogenous antioxidant functions to reduce the production of free radicals by reducing H2O2 to H2O so that it is not reactive. Regular physical exercise is strongly recommended to counteract free radicals by increasing endogenous antioxidants and improving overall health. The limitations in this review only discuss the effect of exercise on increasing the catalase enzyme (CAT) and how it plays a role in reducing H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide). For the next review, the effects of exercise on genes related to endogenous antioxidants and how signal transmission affects them can be studied in depth.
Revolutionizing pregnancy: interventional package for weight management among overweight women
Authors: Ishwarya S , Senthilkumar S , Subramanian Shenbaga Sundaram , Thangavel Loganathan , Noah  , Ganesan Premkumari
Published: December 2024

Background. In this digital age, body weight management is vital for staying healthy, especially for women to conceive and deliver babies safely. Women with a BMI > 24.9 during the pre-conceptional or first trimester of pregnancy are prone to the risk of pregnancy and labor complications. Lack of physical activity negatively affects women’s health, especially during pregnancy. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of an interventional package in preventing maternal and fetal complications and managing weight among overweight women during pregnancy. Methods. Sixteen samples were recruited by convenient sampling based on their BMI in the first trimester and were grouped into two groups: interventional package group (IPG) and control group (CG). IPG received an interventional package and walking while CG received Kegel exercises and walking based on ACOG guidelines in their second trimester of pregnancy for six weeks. Diagnostic ultrasound was used as the outcome measure to evaluate the subcutaneous abdominal fat thickness. Results. The pre-test and post-test ultrasound data showed considerable variation between the two groups, p < 0.001, where IPG showed better results than CG in weight management. Conclusion. This study concludes that the interventional package was effective in weight management and preventing complications in overweight mothers and assisted in faster recovery after delivery.
Connection between emotion and motivation in football
Authors: Okilanda Ardo , Chan A Apri Satriawan , Masrun  , Alsaudi Andi Taufan Dewantara , Mortejo Alonzo L , Putra Juanda , Denay Naluri
Published: December 2024

Background and objectives. Football is a popular sport with a large following. Motivation is a key factor in an athlete’s success in winning matches or achieving sports milestones. However, intense emotions and turmoil can disrupt an athlete’s performance, making motivation essential to regain focus. Therefore, this study aims to examine the relationship between emotions and achievement motivation in football athletes. Materials and methods. This research was conducted with quantitative methods. The sampling technique used was convenience sampling, resulting in a sample of 25 male Student Activity Unit (UKM) football players aged 19–24. Results. The research concluded a negative relationship between emotions and achievement motivation in football athletes. The correlation coefficient obtained was −0.440, indicating a negative correlation. Conclusions. In other words, as boredom levels increase, achievement motivation in football athletes decreases, and conversely, lower boredom levels are associated with higher motivation.
Capsular stretching as physiotherapy technique for Sudanese patients with knee osteoarthritis in Al-Neelain University Physiotherapy Outpatient Clinic
Authors: Alkazaleh Heba , Adam Yosra , Abdelnour Hassan
Published: December 2024

Background. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic articular disorder of multifactorial etiology. Its pathogenesis contributes to the degradation of articular cartilage, periarticular bone remodeling, and capsular fibrosis. It is conventionally treated by a combination of pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic modalities and surgical interventions. Physiotherapy is considered a first- and second-line treatment. Recent developments in manual therapy have shown very promising improvements in pain and physical function. Purpose of the study. To explore the prevalence of knee osteoarthritis patients in Al-Neelain University Faculty of Physiotherapy Outpatient Clinic. Materials and methods. It’s a single-blinded randomized controlled trial conducted in the outpatient clinic of the Faculty of Physiotherapy at Al-Neelain University. Thirty patients were recruited for the study and divided randomly into two groups; 15 (experimental), known as group A, received capsular stretching technique & 15 (control), known as group B, received no treatment. Both groups were assessed at the baseline and after two weeks for ROM by electro-goniometer, and functional performance by WOMAC scale. Data was analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Results. The group A that received capsular stretching showed statistically significant improvement in knee ROM (both flexion & extension; active & passive) compared with no treatment. Regarding functional performance; WOMAC scores showed a highly statistically significant difference between comparative groups with P value = 0.00003 in Group A and = 0.28 in Group B. Conclusion. The study concluded that the capsular stretching technique is effective in treating & improving patients with knee OA in pain, ROM, and functional performance.
An Analytical Study to Investigate the Effect of Speed Control Cameras in Reducing Traffic Accidents
Authors: Mulla Guhdar Ahmed Abdulaziz , Salih Akram , Demir Yıldırım
Published: December 2024

In this study, the effect of speed control cameras on traffic accidents in Dohuk province of Iraqi Kurdistan Region is analyzed using data from 2011-2019. Three time periods: before, during and after the installation of cameras were used as criteria for the retrospective detection of traffic accidents. For control purposes, an area in the same region where the cameras were not installed was also included in the study. The importance of this research is that traffic accidents occur at high rates due to the increasing number of vehicles and speed violations in the province every year. It is of great importance to take measures to reduce vehicle speeds in order to reduce traffic accidents. By reducing vehicle speeds, traffic congestion on the roads and loss of life in accidents can be reduced. More speed control cameras are being used in the belief that they will reduce vehicle speeds. In Duhok province, the annual average number of vehicles increased by 7.62% and the number of speed-related traffic violations increased by 34.46%, while the number of traffic accidents increased by 4%, the number of injuries due to traffic accidents increased by 5.32% and the number of deaths increased by 1.86%. SPSS package program was used for the necessary analyses.
Racismo Algorítmico: Uma discussão fundamentada
Authors: Menezes Pedro M. O. , Barbosa Lucas A.
Published: December 2024

Modelos de Aprendizado de Máquina, subárea da Inteligência Artificial, vêm se tornando cada vez mais comuns no cotidiano. Contudo, há a necessidade de analisar o impacto que esses modelos podem ter em minorias socialmente vulneráveis e os vieses que podem ser apresentados, independente de sua causa e mitigando sua consequência. Para isso, é importante entender incidentes que já ocorreram, observando suas potenciais falhas técnicas e consequências jurídicas relacionadas. A partir dessa análise, o trabalho propõe soluções que podem minimizar o impacto das falhas.
A Influência das Teorias Jurídicas na Aplicação da Inteligência Artificial no Judiciário
Authors: Teixeira Raphael Lobato Collet Janny
Published: December 2024

O artigo explora como diferentes teorias jurídicas influenciam no uso de inteligência artificial (IA) no processo de tomada de decisão judicial. A partir das escolas de pensamento, a saber, o positivismo legalista, o direito natural, o utilitarismo e o realismo jurídico, percebe-se como a forma de adoção de IA no Judiciário pode variar. Conclui-se que a definição de direito subjacente depende da abordagem filosófica adotada por juízes e tribunais, afetando diretamente sobre a forma de utilização de sistemas de IA como ferramenta auxiliar de um juiz.
Introdução à Semiótica Peirceana e sua contribuição para a discussão sobre Inteligência Artificial Generativa
Authors: Lima Camila S. , Junior José Ferreira
Published: December 2024

Neste artigo, metodologicamente fundamentado por pesquisa bibliográfica de caráter explicativo, são apresentadas como categorias de análise a ciência Semiótica proposta por Charles Sanders Peirce e Inteligência Artificial Generativa, com o objetivo de discutir, em uma perspectiva introdutória, reflexões sobre possíveis contribuições da teoria supracitada ao campo em análise. Os resultados parciais apontam para a necessidade de reflexão acerca dessa temática e indicam a semiótica peirceana como um caminho para elucidação de questões que garantam uma atuação ética da IA.
Explorando Affordances do ChatGPT no Ensino Superior Brasileiro
Authors: Cavalcanti Wania , Tavares Elaine
Published: December 2024

Este estudo utilizou entrevistas semiestruturadas com 10 professores e gestores de instituições de ensino superior no Brasil para explorar suas percepções sobre o uso da Inteligência Artificial (IA) no ensino superior. Os resultados revelam impactos, obstáculos e desafios éticos relacionados à privacidade, inclusão e justiça. As affordances da IA para o ensino e gestão foram significativas, mas nem sempre reconhecidas pelos participantes, impactados pela chegada do ChatGPT em 2023. As restrições percebidas pelos professores foram utilizadas como oportunidade de ensinar boas práticas acadêmicas aos alunos. A análise oferece diretrizes valiosas para a integração ética e eficaz da IA no ensino superior.
Desafios e perspectivas sobre o uso ético da IA no setor de óleo e gás no Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Silva Carlos Eduardo Lopes da , Barros Matheus Ferreira de , Gomide Janaina
Published: December 2024

A inserção da inteligência artificial na indústria de óleo e gás possibilita soluções que otimizam as operações, prevendo falhas e aumentando a eficiência na exploração e produção. Porém, essa inserção levanta questões éticas como perda de empregos, privacidade e segurança dos dados, e a transparência nos algoritmos utilizados. O objetivo desse trabalho é investigar o cenário atual do nível de maturidade das empresas desse setor em relação à existência e aplicação de IA em seus processos. Como resultados foram identificados fatores essenciais que podem indicar uma baixa maturidade organizacional na discussão sobre diretrizes para a implementação ética da IA no setor de óleo e gás.
Monitoring the Evolving Match Environment in Emergency Medicine 2023
Authors: Sielicki Anthony , Milman Brian , Little Andrew , Kulkarni Miriam , Morris James , Hopson Laura , Kiemeney Michael
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The 2023 National Residency Matching Program (NRMP) Match in emergency medicine (EM) left 554 spots and 132 EM programs unﬁlled. The Council of Residency Directors Match Task Force sought to characterize the programs that did and did not ﬁll, learn more about their Supplemental Offer and Acceptance Program (SOAP) applicants, determine residency programs’ needs for future NRMP Matches, and inquire what actions program leaders would like to see to promote a healthy future for training in EM. Methods: We conducted a web-based survey of EM residency program leadership during March and April 2023. We generated descriptive statistics from these survey results. Thematic analysis was used for free-text responses. Results: Of 287 programs, 160 (55.7%) responded to the survey, including 59 of 132 programs (44.7%) that did not ﬁll in the Match. Unﬁlled programs were overall content with the quality of applicants in the SOAP. Programs expressed varying opinions on why fewer students are choosing EM. While most agreed there are concerns about the workforce (78.1%), even more spread exists on what actions should be taken to help support the future of residency training in EM. Conclusion: Here we present data regarding the 2023 Match environment for EM and describe a residency program-level needs assessment and desire for action. Annual review of the Match data and residency program needs should be continued until we see improvement in the Match environment for EM.
DAVRANIŞSAL İKTİSAT PERSPEKTİFİNDEN KATILIM BANKACILIĞI
Authors: Edirneligil Ayşen , Osko Özge
Published: December 2024

İslami finans ilkelerine dayanan katılım bankacılığı, geleneksel faize dayalı bankacılığın aksine kar ve risk paylaşımını vurgulayan alternatif bir finansal sistem sunmaktadır. Davranışsal ekonomi, bu çerçevede psikolojik, sosyal ve duygusal faktörlerin ekonomik kararları nasıl etkilediğini inceleyerek İslami finansı değerlendirmek için bir mercek sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, davranışsal iktisadın konusu olan bilişsel önyargılar, riskten kaçınma, çerçeveleme etkisi, sosyal normlar ve finansal okuryazarlığın katılım bankacılığında tüketici davranışını nasıl etkilediği literatürdeki çalışmalardan yola çıkarak ele alınmaktadır. Örneğin, kayıptan kaçınma yatırımcıları daha güvenli, kâr paylaşımlı ürünleri tercih etmeye yönlendirebilirken, aşırı güven onları daha yüksek riskli yatırımlara yönlendirebilir. Ayrıca, sosyal normlar ve toplumsal değerler, etik yatırımlara yönelik tercihlerin şekillendirilmesinde, paydaşlar arasında güven ve işbirliğinin teşvik edilmesinde önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Davranışsal ekonomi modelleri ile finansal kurumlar müşterilerinin ihtiyaç ve endişelerini daha iyi ele alarak daha sürdürülebilir ve kapsayıcı finansal uygulamaları teşvik edebilir. Bu yaklaşım sadece bireysel katılımcılara fayda sağlamakla kalmaz, aynı zamanda bir bütün olarak finansal sistemin istikrarına da katkıda bulunur.
Correlation Study Of Sulphur and Ash Content In Patappa Coal Area Pujananting Sub-District Barru District
Authors: Juradi Muhammad Idris
Published: December 2024

Coal is an organic sedimentary rock derived from the decomposition of various plant remains which is a heterogeneous mixture of organic compounds and inorganic substances that fuse under the weight of the strata that crush it. This research is devoted to determining the correlation between ash content and sulfur content in Patappa coal area, Pujananting sub-district, Barru Regency. The purpose of this study is to determine whether there is a correlation between ash content and sulfur content in Patappa coal. The research method carried out in this research is the first preliminary stage including administration, literature study and discussion, then the data collection stage includes primary data and secondary data, the stage of data analysis and processing is to determine the correlation between ash content and sulfur content based on the analysis results. The materials used in this research include geological hammer, compass, GPS, sample bag, camera and roll meter. the sampling process carried out is by using channel sampling. The results of the analysis of this study are in sample 1, it can be seen that the value of the ash content is 18.32%, while the sulfur content has a value of 7.22%. In sample 2, the ash content value is 15.58% while the sulfur content has a value of 8.63%. So it can be concluded that the relationship between the two analyses is inversely proportional where the higher the ash content value, the lower the sulfur content value, and vice versa, the lower the ash content value, the higher the sulfur content value.