bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Raman Structural Study Of Olefin Blends
Authors: Zavgorodnev Yu.V. , Sagitova E.A. , Nikolaeva G.Yu. , Prokhorov K.A. , Pashinin P.P. , Novokshonova L.A. , Ushakova T.M. , Starchak E.E. , Antipov E.M.
Published: November 2022

We carried out detailed Raman structural study ofmelt-mixed blends of linear low-densitypolyethylene (PE) and isotactic polypropylene (PP).The relative content of PE in the PE/PP blendsvaried from 13 to 75 %. We show that Ramanspectroscopy can be effectively used for aquantitative analysis of phase and conformationalcompositions of these blends. The changes in thesecompositions due to changing the content of theblend components are discussed. Also, we studied astructure of the amorphous phase of reactor blendsof PE with random ethylene/1-hexene copolymer(CEH).
THz and Raman Spectroscopy in Steroid Chemistry
Authors: Cherkasova O.P. , Nazarov M.M. , Smirnova I.N. , Shkurinov A.P.
Published: November 2022

The  terahertz  time-domain  and  Raman  spectra  of steroids  in  the  region  of  0.1-3.5  THz  have  been measured.  Steroids  have  several  intense  and specific  absorption  features  in  the  THz  frequency region. The  features are uniquely determined by a hormone  structure.  This  allows  us  to  analyze steroids  in  complex  samples  such  as pharmaceuticals,  foodstuffs  and  biological  fluids, and in process of the pharmacological and chemical synthesis.
Cortical auditory potentials and cognitive potentials in individuals with and without vestibular dysfunction
Authors: Kumar Kaushlendra , S Krishnapriya , Ebenezer Anupriya , Kalaiah Mohan Kumar , D Deviprasad
Published: November 2022

Background: Vestibular dysfunction is known to affect cognitive abilities related to the processing of spatial and non-spatial information. P300 is an event-related potential (ERP) used to assess cognitive function. Studies have shown abnormalities in P300 in individuals with vestibular hypofunction.  However, the literature shows equivocal findings for P300 in individuals with vestibular dysfunction. The aim of present study was to compare the latency and amplitude of cortical auditory evoked potential and P300 between individuals with vestibular dysfunction and individuals with no vestibular dysfunction.

Methods: Forty adults with a mean age of 40.5 years participated in the study. Group I included 20 adults diagnosed with vestibular dysfunction and group II included 20 age-matched adults with no vestibular dysfunction. The P300 was recorded using pure-tones in an odd-ball paradigm, from electrode sites Cz and Pz. The latency and amplitude of peaks P1, N1, P2, N2 P300, and N4 were measured.

Results:  The results showed no significant difference in the latency and amplitude of peaks P1, N1, P2, and N2 of the cortical auditory potentials between groups. The P300 was absent in approximately 30% of individuals with vestibular dysfunction meanwhile, it was present in all individuals in group II. The mean latency and amplitude of the P300 and latency of N4 were not significantly different between the groups. However, a significant difference was observed in N4 amplitude between groups at both electrode sites. And, no correlation was observed between the DHI score and the P300 parameters in group I.

Conclusions: the P300 was absent in a greater number of individuals with vestibular dysfunction, suggesting cognitive impairment. However, when the P300 was present the peak latency and amplitude showed no significant difference in both groups.
Survival status and predictors of mortality among mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients in Addis Ababa COVID-19 Care Centers, Ethiopia: A survival analysis
Authors: Nega Girma , Sibhat Migbar , Mekonnen Altayework , Techane Tesfaye
Published: November 2022

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused stress on the health care system of many countries worldwide. To accommodate the growing number of critically ill patients requiring mechanical ventilation, hospitals expanded and tried to meet overwhelming demands. Despite this, outcomes of patients after mechanical ventilation were devastating, with high mortality rates. Therefore, this study investigated the survival status and predictors of mortality among mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was applied on the patient charts of 496 critically ill and mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients at intensive care units of Addis Ababa COVID-19 Care Centers from September 2020 to October 2021. Data were collected using a data extraction checklist and entered into Epi data manager. Then, data were transferred to STATA V-14 for cleaning and analysis. The cox-proportional hazard regression model was used for analysis. Covariates with p-value ≤0.20 in the bivariate analysis were fitted to multivariate analysis after the model fitness test. Finally, statistical significance was decided at p-value <0.05, and hazard ratios were used to determine the strength of associations.

Results: Of the 496 patients, 63.3% had died. The incidence rate of mortality was 56.7 (95% CI: 50.80, 63.37) per 1,000 person-days of observation, with 5534 person-day observations recorded. Advanced age (>60 years old) (adjusted hazard ratio (AHR)=1.86; 95% CI: 1.09, 3.15) and being invasively ventilated (AHR=2.02; 95% CI: 1.25, 3.26) were associated with increased risk of mortality. Furthermore, presence of diabetes (AHR=1.50; 95% CI: 1.09, 2.08), shock (AHR=1.99; 95% CI: 1.12, 3.52), and delirium (AHR=1.60; 95% CI: 1.05, 2.44) were significantly associated with increased mortality.

Conclusions: Clear directions are needed in the recommendation of non-invasive versus invasive ventilation, especially among elderly patients. The controversy of when to intubate (early versus late) needs to be clarified as well. Early detection and prompt management of shock is paramount.
Assessment of the synergistic effect of a poly-herbals combination on the antioxidant activity through a statistical approach
Authors: Ainurofiq Ahmad , Wiyono Nanang , Warni Rita , Choiri Syaiful
Published: November 2022

Poly-herbals combination was applied to enhance biological activity, particularly antioxidant activity. This present study was purposed to assess the synergistic interaction of a combination of five traditional Indonesian herbal plants through a simultaneous and integrated statistical technique. The plants were extracted using maceration, and purification was conducted before extraction to eliminate the ballast compounds. A simplex lattice design comprising 35 design points was utilized to understand herbal combinations' main effect and interaction through multiple linear regression analysis on the antioxidant activity using DPPH and ABTS assays. The results showed that C. longa, P. niruri, and C. xanthorrhiza had the most potent antioxidant activity than M. oleifera and C. asiatica. The presence of C. longa modulated the synergistic interaction between combinations. Meanwhile, the non-curcuminoid content in C. xanthorrhiza played a fundamental role in reducing the antioxidant activity. The synergistic interaction could enhance the antioxidant activity through poly-herbals combination. In addition, particular consideration should be withdrawn by antagonism interaction in the poly-herbals combination for reducing the biological activity.
DESIGN OF LIGHTING INSTALLATIONS
Authors: Gibadullin R. R. , Denisova N. V. , IVSHIN I. V.
Published: November 2022

В первых четырех главах рассмотрены различные аспекты проектирования систем освещения. Предмет изучения охватывает помимо прочего, проектирование систем аварийного освещения для промышленных, коммерческих и бытовых помещений, а также конструкцию ламп и осветительной арматуры. Последний объект называют светильниками. Пятая глава посвящена вопросам энергосбережения и техникоэкономическому расчету установок освещения. Рекомендовано учебно-методическим советом института электроэнергетики и электроники ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный энергетический университет» для студентов очной формы обучения направления подготовки 13.03.02. Электроэнергетика и электротехника. Авторы пособия являются сотрудниками кафедры «Электроснабжение промышленных предприятий» ФГБОУ ВО «КГЭУ». Гибадуллин Р.Р. доцент кафедры, к.т.н. и Денисова Н.В. доцент кафедры, к.ф.-м.н., доцент непосредственно преподают данную дисциплину. Ившин И.В. заведующий кафедрой, д.т.н., профессор руководит ВКР с элементами проектирования освещения.
Analysis and justification of financial decisions
Authors: Gerasimova Elena , Rogulenko Tat'yana , Chaya Vladimir
Published: November 2022

The textbook is devoted to the issues of modern financial analysis and the use of its technologies for decision-making in the field of organization finance. The publication includes theoretical material, practical exercises, business situations, questions for discussion at seminars, questions and tasks for self-control.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For master's degree students, additional professional education system, training centers for advanced training, specialists in economics, finance and business management, as well as in preparation for the qualification exams of analysts, auditors, managers and consultants on strategic business management.
Technological equipment for the production of bread, confectionery and pasta
Authors: Kurochkin Anatoliy , Zimnyakov Vladimir
Published: November 2022

The textbook discusses the classification, the principle of operation, the device, as well as the basic technical data of the equipment for the production of bread, confectionery and pasta. The main technological calculations necessary for the justification and selection of equipment of the corresponding production lines are presented. The structure and content of the textbook are designed to prepare graduates to solve problems of professional activity mainly of technological and project types.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
It is intended for mastering the discipline "Technological equipment for the production of bread, confectionery and pasta" during the implementation of the bachelor's degree program in the areas of preparation 19.03.02 "Food from vegetable raw materials" and 35.03.07 "Technology of production and processing of agricultural products", as well as for undergraduates in the areas of preparation 19.04.02 "Food from vegetable raw materials" and 19.04.04 "Product technology and the organization of public catering".
Fundamentals of management in the internal affairs bodies
Authors: Bavsun Irina , Beketov Oleg , Dizer Oleg
Published: November 2022

The textbook discusses the main aspects of management in the internal affairs bodies: the organization of the management system in the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation; the process and technologies of law enforcement management; functions, forms and methods of management; organization of work with personnel in the internal affairs bodies and socio-psychological aspects of management; information and analytical work and management decisions, as well as a number of provisions of the scientific organization of labor in the internal affairs bodies.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of secondary vocational education of the latest generation.
For students of secondary vocational education programs, which include the discipline "Fundamentals of management in internal affairs bodies", as well as for teachers.
The effect of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) on the onset of speech disorders and communication problems in children and adolescents
Authors: Gryc Anna , Lipiec Jakub , Grudzień Monika , Golemo Jagna , Świdziński Rafał
Published: November 2022

Alcohol consumption has many negative effects on the human body, and has been proven to have teratogenic effects on fetal development. Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is associated with growth deficits and neurodevelopmental disorders, including fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). Despite such effects, there are still many women who do not give up the consumption of alcoholic beverages during pregnancy. This article, based on a review of available studies on PubMed, examines whether prenatal alcohol exposure can cause problems in children's speech development and promote communication problems in children, as well as in adolescents. 
Longitudinal observations on prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) have shown that children up to the age of 3 after PAE have difficulties in receptive or expressive communication compared to a group not prenatally exposed to alcohol. Alcohol has been shown to be the overriding factor causing disorders in the development of the brain and nervous system, which are the main structures responsible for the process of speech development and also the formation of communication skills.
Studies among adolescents with PAE have shown that they have weaker spoken and written language skills than those without PAE or with low PAE. This also translates into difficulties in developing their communication skills, which can make it much more difficult for them to become independent and move smoothly through the difficult period of adolescence.
Functional reconstruction of total defects of the dorsiflexor muscles with a chimeric anterolateral thigh free flap: a case report
Authors: Kim Yang Woo , Moon Bo Min , Kim Sun Eung , Mun Hye Gwang , Pae Woo Sik
Published: November 2022

Although several studies exist on the simple volume filling of soft tissue defects in lower extremity reconstruction, few reports have described functional reconstruction. In this study, a 52-year-old male patient, after a forklift accident, developed soft tissue defects of the all the right dorsiflexors. The patient underwent surgery with a chimeric anterolateral thigh free flap (cALT-FF), in which 18×8 cm2 fasciocutaneous flaps were harvested, including a 6×9 cm2 vastus lateralis muscle flap in a chimeric pattern. The functionality of the lower extremities was evaluated in terms of the active ankle-dorsiflexion range of motion and the Stanmore system after 15 months, and the result was good. In this study, we focused on functional reconstruction following the use of cALT-FF in a patient with defects of all the dorsiflexor muscles, which play an important functional role in gait.
Wearable Panda-Shaped Textile Antenna with Annular Ring-Defected Ground Structure for Wireless Body Area Networks
Authors: Annalakshmi T. , Ramesh S.
Published: November 2022

This research presents a compact panda-shaped wearable antenna with a defected ground structure (DGS). It is fabricated using a flexible material to work at 2.4-GHz industrial scientific medical (ISM) band, confirming the wireless body area network (WBAN) application requirements. The annular ring DGS and circular and elliptical slots in the patch aid in achieving the operating frequency. Good impedance bandwidth is maintained during on-body and bending analysis. Furthermore, this antenna exhibits a peak gain of 7.3 dB and a minimum specific absorption rate (SAR) of 0.0233 W/kg for 1 g tissue and 1.02 W/kg for 10 g tissue. The investigation shows that an antenna with good robustness, compact, high flexibility, and very low SAR makes it a strong candidate for WBAN applications.
Variation in winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) growth parameters, seed yield, nodulation, and nitrogen fixation
Authors: Adegboyega Taofeek Tope , ABBERTON MICHAEL T. , ABDELGADIR2 ABDELAZIZ H. , MAHAMADI DIANDA , OLANIYI OYATOMI A. , OFODILE SAM , BABALOLA OLUBUKOLA O.
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Adegboyega TT, Abberton MT, Abdelgadir AH, Mahamadi D, Olaniyi OA, Ofodile S, Babalola OO. 2021. Variation in winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) growth parameters, seed yield, nodulation, and nitrogen fixation. Asian J Agric 5: 61-71. Underutilized legumes are widely distributed in tropical agriculture and associated with low yield.  Thus they have not really been fully explored due to lack of research investment, breeding programs targeting crop improvement, marketing, and low awareness of nutritional benefits. This study was conducted to determine the variation in growth parameters, seed yield, nodulation, and nitrogen fixation in winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) germplasms. High genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variances were observed in traits evaluated. The combined analysis of variance for five variables of 25-winged bean accessions showed that replication by year interaction was statistically significant (p ? 0.0001) for nodule parameters and dry shoot weight while it was not significant (p = > 0.05) for dry root weight, and total biomass. Significant variations (p = ? 0.05) were observed among the accessions on some growth parameters. The genetic variability of winged beans could be carefully exploited to provide higher grain yield, as well as other economic and important traits to boost food security and conservation of the plant genetic materials.
Production system and breeding practice of indigenous chickens in selected districts of Dawro zone and Konta special district, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Melak Awoke , KENFO HIZKEL , ASEGED TESFALEM , HAILU ABEBE
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Melak A, Kenfo H, Aseged T, Hailu A. 2021. Production system and breeding practice of indigenous chickens in selected districts of Dawro zone and Konta special district, Southern Ethiopia. Asian J Agric 5: 72-83. This study was conducted to understand the production system, breeding practices, selection criteria, and production constraints of chickens to have a baseline for future production strategies in the study area. The data was collected through individual interviews, focus group discussions, and personal observations. A semi-structured questionnaire using Food and Agriculture Organization Guidelines was used to avail the views of the respondents. Based on chicken population, production potential, and road accessibility, a total of 90 households from six kebeles were considered for an individual interview. The data was analyzed using SPSS software version 23.0 and an index was calculated for all ranked variables like the importance of livestock, purpose of keeping chicken, selection criteria, culling criteria, and constraints of chicken production. The index value of meat production and income generation in midland agroecology were 0.28 and 0.26 respectively. Also, the index value of income generation and meat production in lowland agroecology were 0.31 and 0.25 respectively. It is concluded that both female and male chickens are maintained mainly for income generation followed by meat sources. A variable that was given a higher priority in breeding selection was body size and health conditions, for male and female chickens respectively. Most of the respondents select their breeding hen in health, egg production, and age with an index value of 0.44 and 0.36 and 0.15 respectively; while their breeding cock in body size, disease resistance, and color with an index value of 0.36, 0.29, and 0.28 respectively. Disease and predators were the major constraints of chicken production mentioned in the study area. Therefore, addressing these constraints is important to design a successful genetic improvement scheme.
Growth performance and cost-effectiveness of replacement of fishmeal with plant-based protein source, Leucaena leucocephala in the diet of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings
Authors: AGUPUGO CHINEMEREM S. , NSOFOR CHARITY I. , EZEWUDO BEDE I. , EDEH IFEOMA C.
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Agupugo CS, Nsofor CI, Ezewudo BI, Edeh IC. 2022. Growth performance and cost-effectiveness of replacement of fishmeal with plant-based protein source, Leucaena leucocephala in the diet of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings. Asian J Agric 6: 28-34. The present study was conducted to determine the effects of replacement of fishmeal with Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit leaf meal (0%, 10%, 20% and 30%) on fish growth and to compare the cost-effectiveness of replacement of fishmeal with Leucaena leaf meal in fish diets. The results of the proximate value of the tested leaf meal showed moderate contents of crude protein and low contents of crude ash. The daily and mean weight gains of fish showed that the highest weight gains were recorded in fish fed with diet T3 (20%) while the least values were in fish fed with diet T4 (30%) and the differences were not significant (P>0.05). The highest survival rate was observed in fish fed with diet T1 (0%), while fish fed with diets T2 (10%) and T4 had the least values. The highest specific growth rate was obtained in diet T1. However, the highest food conversion ratio was recorded in fish fed with diet T4. The highest expenditure was recorded in diet T1. Our findings showed that the utilization of Leucaena leaf meal in the fish diet is best at 20% inclusion level for optimum growth. Leucaena-containing diets were more cost-effective than a diet with only fishmeal.
Construction of an ultra-high-density consensus genetic map and analysis of recombination rate variation in Sorghum bicolor
Authors: SATRIO RIZKY DWI , NIKMAH ISNA AROFATUN , FENDIYANTO MIFTAHUL HUDA , PRATAMI MENTARI PUTRI , AWWANAH MO , SARI NASTITI INTAN PERMATA , FARAH NADYA , NURHADIYANTA NURHADIYANTA
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Satrio RD, Nikmah IA, Fendiyanto MH, Pratami MP, Awwanah M, Sari NIP, Farah N, Nurhadiyanta. 2022. Construction of an ultra-high-density consensus genetic map and analysis of recombination rate variation in Sorghum bicolor. Asian J Agric 6: 47-54. Sorghum is one of the most widely grown cereal crops on a global scale. A consensus map is a method for combining genetic information from multiple populations, and it is an effective way to increase genome coverage and marker density. This study constructed a consensus map by combining publicly available marker data from four mapping populations. A total of 3449 non-redundant polymorphic markers at the nucleotide level were used to construct a single consensus map on 10 sorghum chromosomes. This study generated an ultra-high-density sorghum consensus map consisting of a large number of markers spanning 1571.68 cM and averaging one marker per 0.46 cM. Due to the high density of the markers, it is only 0.06% of the markers had an interval greater than 5 cM. The rates of local recombination were estimated using a set of all markers genetic and physical positions along each of the 10 chromosomes. The analysis of the recombination rate on 10 sorghum chromosomes revealed that it decreased as the centromere position was getting closer. The consensus map generated in this study can be used to integrate information related to sorghum genetic resources and QTLs to the genome sequence, thereby accelerating the discovery of novel potential genes in sorghum.
Prevalence and Public Awareness of Sleep Apnea Syndrome in South Korea
Authors: Kim Keun Tae , Park Hea Ree , Cho Jae Wook , Kim Jee Hyun , Han Su-Hyun , Moon Hye-jin , Lee Seo-Yong , Cho Yong Won ,   on Behalf of the Sleep Epidemiology Committee of the Korean Sleep Research Society
Published: November 2022

Objectives: In South Korea, a significant number of patients with obstructive sleep apnea have benefited from the insured continuous positive pressure for sleep apnea as of 2018. However, there is limited information on public awareness of sleep apnea syndrome in the country. A nationwide survey was conducted to evaluate the current status of public awareness on the diagnosis and treatment of sleep apnea. Methods: We conducted an online survey using structured questionnaires on symptoms and knowledge of diagnosis and treatment modalities for sleep apnea. A total of 4,000 participants aged 21 to 69 were proportionally allocated according to the residential area, gender, and age group. Results: The STOP questionnaire, a screening tool for sleep apnea, revealed that 1,044 (21.6%) scored ≥2 points, 327 (8.1%) scored ≥3 points, and 64 (1.6%) scored 4 points. However, only 19 of the 1,044 patients were being treated for sleep apnea, and 13 had been using continuous positive airway pressure. For the diagnosis of sleep apnea, 1,318 participants (33.0%) responded that polysomnography was necessary. For sleep apnea treatment, 1,954 (48.9%) participants responded that lifestyle modification was the treatment of choice, while 1,036 (25.9%) chose continuous positive pressure. Conclusions: Although one-fifth were at high risk for sleep apnea, this disorder is still underestimated. Therefore, publicity and support are needed to improve public awareness of sleep apnea.
Diversity of employment biographies and prospects of middle-aged welfare recipients
Authors: Zabel Cordula
Published: November 2022

Employment re-entry opportunities decrease with age. For middle-aged welfare benefit recipients, employment obstacles connected to age exacerbate further disadvantages connected to welfare receipt. At the same time, there is considerable diversity in middle-aged welfare benefit recipients’ long-term employment trajectories, which has thus far received little attention. Policies aim to increase labour market participation at higher ages. To this end, it is important to understand specific difficulties and to be realistic when formulating goals for people with very diverse types of employment histories. Using large-scale register data, this paper’s focus is on a cohort aged 45–54 in August 2012 in Germany. Sequence analysis aids in identifying characteristics relevant to employment histories over the past 19 years, from January 1993 to July 2012. Subsequent employment outcomes over the time span September 2012 to December 2018 are investigated, differentiating between jobs of different quality, and effects of training programmes on these outcomes are analysed using entropy balancing methods. Findings are that middle-aged welfare recipients’ employment biographies are very diverse, ranging from very little employment experience, over long histories of intermittent employment, to long continuous employment histories. Employment history attributes significantly affect employment prospects. The analyses further show that it is not too late to invest in skills, independent of employment history type.
Reduced inverse Born series: a computational study
Authors: Markel Vadim A. , Schotland John C.
Published: November 2022

We investigate the inverse scattering problem for scalar waves. We report conditions under which the terms in the inverse Born series cancel in pairs, leaving only one term at each order. We refer to the resulting expansion as the reduced inverse Born series. The reduced series can also be derived from a nonperturbative inversion formula. Our results are illustrated by numerical simulations that compare the performance of the reduced series to the full inverse Born series and the Newton–Kantorovich method.
Complex wave and phase retrieval from a single off-axis interferogram
Authors: Luo Gang , He Yanping , Shu Xin , Zhou Renjie , Blu Thierry
Published: November 2022

Single-frame off-axis holographic reconstruction is promising for quantitative phase imaging. However, reconstruction accuracy and contrast are degraded by noise, frequency spectrum overlap of the interferogram, severe phase distortion, etc. In this work, we propose an iterative single-frame complex wave retrieval based on an explicit model of object and reference waves. We also develop a phase restoration algorithm that does not resort to phase unwrapping. Both simulation and real experiments demonstrate higher accuracy and robustness compared to state-of-the-art methods, for both complex wave estimation and phase reconstruction. Importantly, the allowed bandwidth for the object wave is significantly improved in realistic experimental conditions (similar amplitudes for object and reference waves), which makes it attractive for large field-of-view and high-resolution imaging applications.
Numerical analysis of scattering fields by a multiple plane grating using shadow theory
Authors: Wakabayashi Hideaki , Asai Masamitsu , Yamakita Jiro
Published: November 2022

In the shadow theory, a new description of electromagnetic fields using scattering factors has been employed. This paper presents a new numerical method based on scattering factors for the scattering problem of a composite dielectric grating embedded with conducting strips. The scattering factors for the primary fields, which are based on the assumption of conducting strips being removed completely and those for the secondary fields generated by the surface electric currents on conducting strips, are introduced. The presented method is formulated to obtain scattering factors for the total fields and Joule losses for propagating wave and evanescent wave incidences from the currents determined by using the Galerkin procedure. Numerical examples are given for an asymmetric multiple plane grating consisting of conducting strips. The scattering properties and the normalized Joule losses are calculated for propagating wave and evanescent wave incidences. It is shown that the diffraction efficiencies and scattering factors hold the symmetries on the reciprocity in the case of resistive plane gratings.
Making Light Work for Doctors; Fluorescent Lifetime Imaging in the living human lung
Authors: Girkin John
Published: November 2022

Using new coherent optical fibre bundles linked to a novel optical scan head and a unique fluorescent lifetime detector, fluorescent lifetime images have been recorded from a range of tissue including the human lung.
Preliminary Theoretical and Experimental Results of Nanostructures Embedded in Polymeric Films for Bioapplications
Authors: Cadilhe Antonio , Pilla Viviane
Published: November 2022

We introduce a novel model to describe deposition and restructuring of polymeric films containing nanoparticles for bioapplications. We present preliminary results obtained through simulations to be compared to experimental results.
Low Level Laser Therapy as adjuvant treatment for lower lip lesion
Authors: Bomfin Luana Schoenhalz , Kitakawa Dárcio , Nogueira Marcelo Saito , de Carvalho Luis Felipe das Chagas e Silva
Published: November 2022

Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is a very valid option for treatment of oral lesions. A patient with painful ulcerated lesion in lower lip was treated with 0.05% clobetasol propionate and 7 sessions of LLLT.
Driving Waveform Dependency of Energy Dissipation of Trapped Particles
Authors: Kernbach Martin , Sund Oskar P. , Schell Andreas W.
Published: November 2022

Here, we present a numerical simulation of the trapping of particles in a Paul trap to analyse the impact of exotic driving waveforms to disclose the trapping dynamic and maximize the energy dissipation for applied additional cooling techniques.
Intensity Correlation scan (IC-scan): a new technique to measure optical nonlinearities of scattering media
Authors: Crispim Mariana J. B. S. , Pereira Cícera C. S. , Chevrollier Martine , Martins Weliton S. , de Oliveira Rafael A. , Reyna Albert S.
Published: November 2022

We report a variation of the Z-scan technique to measure the nonlinear refractive index of scattering media based on the analysis of scattering-induced speckle patterns through the intensity correlation function.
Physiological Imaging using rPPG: Glabrous and Non-glabrous Skin
Authors: Burton Timothy , Saiko Gennadi , Douplik Alexandre
Published: November 2022

Little is known about differences in the photoplethysmogram (PPG) across glabrous and non-glabrous skin, which is crucial given emerging PPG modalities. Using remote PPG in four subjects, we detected changes in amplitude and temporal lag.
Influence of silver nanoparticles on the optical properties of B2O3–CaF2 glass-ceramics containing CaF2 nanocrystals and doped with Pr3+and Eu3+
Authors: Naranjo Luz P. , de Araújo Cid B. , Kassab Luciana R. P.
Published: November 2022

The influence of silver-nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) on the photoluminescence of rare-earth ions (REI) and CaF2-nanocrystals hosted inside a B2O3-CaF2 glass was investigated. The REI and CaF2-nanocrystals photoluminescence show quenching or enhancement induced by the Ag-NPs.
Feasibility of using smartphone images for oral cancer diagnosis purposes
Authors: Foiani Letícia Marques Caviola , Martinho Herculano da Silva
Published: November 2022

This study focused on building a low-cost portable microscope using a smartphone camera, which was applied to dry saliva-based oral cancer diagnostics, and could correctly diagnose 73% of the samples that a conventional microscope did.
Breast Cancer Subtype Classification Using a One-Dimensional Convolutional Neural Network in Hyperspectral Images
Authors: del-Valle Matheus , dos Santos Moises Oliveira , Bernardes Emerson Soares , Zezell Denise Maria
Published: November 2022

FTIR spectroscopy imaging in addition to deep learning is a potential tool for breast cancer subtype classification, where accuracies higher than 86% can be achieved to predict among all subtypes.
Ultrashort laser pulse microtexturing on cutting tools
Authors: de Rossi Wagner , Gomes Antonio Arleques , Samad Ricardo Elgul , Machado Álisson Rocha , Cheliga Pedro Augusto Bompeixe
Published: November 2022

Femtosecond laser pulses were used for texturing cutting tools in order to obtain better results in the traditional metal turning process. Some significant examples are presented in this work.
Effects of a laser surface treatment in a press-hardened steel on the coefficient of friction
Authors: Lorenço Marcelo A. , Barbosa Paulo R. , Costa Adilson R. , Siqueira Rafael H.M , Lima Milton S.F.
Published: November 2022

The coefficient of friction (COF) and slurry abrasive wear were reduced by laser treatment on the surface of 22MnB5 steel.
Graphene-based Terahertz Modulator in Low Loss Slotted Waveguide
Authors: Fré Gabriel L. V. , de Carvalho Mauricio M. , Saito Lúcia A. M. , Spadoti Danilo H.
Published: November 2022

Design of an electrically controlled graphene-based THz-modulator in silicon slotted waveguide was numerically investigated. The results show reduced graphene deposition area, low voltage levels (less than 5V), with modulation depth greater than 15%.
Adaptive PAM-4 /PAM-8 Graphene-based Electro-Optical Modulator
Authors: Camacho W. A. , Carvalho M. M. , Ramirez J. C. , Thoroh de Souza E. A. , Saito L. A. M.
Published: November 2022

This work shows an adaptive PAM-4/PAM-8 modulator using graphene capacitive segments over a silicon waveguide capable of management between a higher transmission rate (672 Gb/s for PAM-8) or low energy consumption (0.115 pJ/bit for PAM-4).
Numerical and Analytical Studies of Graphene Saturable Absorption
Authors: Gonçalves Eduardo S. , Fragnito Hugo L.
Published: November 2022

We present the saturation of absorption on graphene, calculating the optical conductivity numerically and analytically. We verify the validity of our calculations for higher photon energies and show that the saturation behavior on graphene is

∞
1
/

1
+
3
S

, due to the superposition of several two-level systems.
Spectrally Narrow Near-Field Thermal Emission probed by a Casimir-Polder Atomic Sensor
Authors: de Aquino Carvalho J. C. , Maurin I. , de Souza Segundo P. Chaves , Laliotis A. , de Sousa Meneses D. , Bloch D.
Published: November 2022

Near-field thermal exchanges, dramatically differing from blackbody equilibrium, are enhanced by surface mode emission. We probe the features of the spectrally narrow thermal sapphire surface emission up to 1100 K, through atom surface Casimir-Polder interaction.
Propagation of photons in resonant vapors as Lévy flights: influence of sample size in measurable parameters
Authors: Macedo Antonio S. M. , Lopez Jesús P. , de Silans Thierry Passerat
Published: November 2022

We explore the interaction between a laser and a resonant atomic vapor as a platform to investigate Lévy flight superdiffusion. We investigate the influence of system size on the photons random walk characteristics.
Amorphous thin films and their impact in laser science
Authors: Menoni Carmen S.
Published: November 2022

Amorphous oxides are prevalent in photonic technologies. They are transparent from the near ultraviolet to the midinfrared and offer a large refractive index contrast with substrates like Si or among themselves, which is exploited to confine light. Stacks of amorphous oxide thin films offer enormous flexibility to engineer their optical response and thus are used to coat laser mirrors, lenses, and other components in complex laser systems. Although interference coating technology is well developed, there are applications that present a challenging environment to the state-of-the-art and which are driving research to advance these photonics structures to new performance heights and functionality.
Optimized Phase Masks for Absorption of Ultra-Broadband Pulses by Narrowband Atomic Ensembles
Authors: Mélo Lucas B. A. , Felinto Daniel , de Miranda Marcio H. G.
Published: November 2022

By combining genetic algorithm and a spatial light modulator we demonstrate theoretically how to improve a two-photon cascade absorption in atomic ensembles using optimized phase masks. At low atomic densities, we compare the cases of sequential transitions with the two photons coming from the same pulse and from two different pulses. We achieved an enhancement by a factor of 9.4 ± 0.2, about 30% higher than previously reported. For the later, we obtained 20 ± 3 for the enhancement factor. This absorption of two photons by different pulses is of particular interest for the storage of ultra-broadband single photons by atomic ensembles, in which case the second photon would come from a control pulse. We investigate this process as a function of the atomic density, demonstrating still enhancements by factors on the order of 6 for the two-photon absorption after propagating through large optical depths, on the order of hundreds.
Exploiting optical coherence tomography to evaluate wear in spiral dental polishing systems
Authors: Falcão Cecilia Maria Cruz , de Souza e Silva Kamylla Yolanda , Fernandes Luana Osorio , Gomes Anderson Stevens Leonidas
Published: November 2022

This study aimed to evaluate the behavior of spiral polishing systems in different restorative materials through Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). OCT was able to evaluate changes in polishing systems when compared to the stereomicroscopic.
Effect of silver nanoparticles on the production of double line waveguide written by fs laser on Nd3+ doped GeO2-PbO glasses
Authors: Bordon Camila D. S. , Dipold Jessica , Barreto Luiz M. M. , Wetter Niklaus U. , de Rossi Wagner , Kassab Luciana R. P.
Published: November 2022

We report the production of double waveguides in Ge2O-PbO glasses doped with Nd3+ and silver nanoparticles by direct femtosecond laser writing. The beam quality measurements and refractive index change are presented.
Probabilistic neural network equalizer for nonlinear mitigation in OAM mode division multiplexed optical fiber communication
Authors: Wang Fei , Gao Ran , Zhou Sitong , Li Zhipei , Cui Yi , Chang Huan , Wang Fu , Guo Dong , Yu Chao , Liu Xinyu , Dong Ze , Zhang Qi , Tian Qinghua , Tian Feng , Wang Yongjun , Huang Xin , Yan Jinghao , Jiang Lin , Xin Xiangjun
Published: November 2022

Orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode-division multiplexing (MDM) is a key technique to achieve ultra-high-capacity optical fiber communications. However, the high nonlinear impairment from optoelectronic devices, such as spatial light modulators, modulators, and photodiodes, is a long-standing challenge for OAM-MDM. In this paper, an equalizer based on a probabilistic neural network (PNN) is presented to mitigate the nonlinear impairment for an OAM-MDM fiber communication system with 32 GBaud Nyquist pulse amplitude modulation-8 (PAM8) intensity-modulation direct-detection (IM-DD) signals. PNN equalizer can calculate the distribution of the nonlinearity using Bayesian decision theory and thus mitigate the stochastic nonlinear impairment of the received signal. Experimental results show that compared with the convolutional neural network (CNN) equalizer, the PNN equalizer improves the receiver sensitivity by 0.6dB and 2dB for two OAM modes with l = + 3 and l = + 4 at the 20% FEC limit, respectively. Moreover, compared with Volterra or CNN equalizers, the PNN equalizer can reduce the computation complexity significantly, which has great potential to mitigate the nonlinear signal distortions in high-speed IM-DD OAM-MDM fiber communication systems.
Generalized and wavelength-dependent temperature calibration function for multipoint regenerated fiber Bragg grating sensors
Authors: Buchfellner Fabian , Stadler Andrea , Bian Qiang , Hennesen Maximilian , Zeisberger Andreas , Koch Alexander W. , Roths Johannes
Published: November 2022

A new calibration methodology for regenerated fiber Bragg grating (RFBG) temperature sensors up to 700 °C is proposed and demonstrated. A generalized, wavelength-dependent temperature calibration function is experimentally determined that describes the temperature-induced wavelength shifts for all RFBG sensor elements that are manufactured with the same fabrication parameters in the wavelength range from 1465 nm to 1605 nm. Using this generalized calibration function for absolute temperature measurements, each RFBG sensor element only needs to be calibrated at one reference temperature, representing a considerable simplification of the conventional calibration procedure. The new calibration methodology was validated with 7 RFBGs, and uncertainties were found to be compliant with those of Class 1 thermocouples (< ±1.5 K or < ±0.4% of the measured temperature). The proposed calibration technique overcomes difficulties with the calibration of spatially extended multipoint RFBG sensor arrays, where setting up an adequate calibration facility for large sensor fibers is challenging and costly. We assume that this calibration method can also be adapted to other types of FBG temperature sensors besides RFBGs. An accurate and practical calibration approach is essential for the acceptance and dissemination of the fiber-optic multipoint temperature sensing technology.
Research on partially coherent spatial light interference microscopy
Authors: Li Zhifang , Liu Bin , Tan Dinghui , Yang Yudan , Zheng Mingjie
Published: November 2022

Based on partial coherence theory, this study rigorously deduces the principle of spatial light interference microscopy (SLIM) and improves the calculation method of SLIM. The main problem we found with SLIM is that it simply defaults the phase of the direct light to 0. To address this problem, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a double four-step phase shift method. Simulation results show that this method can reduce the relative error of oil-immersed microsphere reconstruction to about 3.7%, and for red blood cell reconstruction, the relative error can be reduced to about 13%.
Compact multichannel spectrometer employed for soft x-ray spectrum diagnostics at the Shenguang-III Laser Facility
Authors: Liu Hanwei , Mu Baozhong , Liu Shenye , Xie Xufei , Che Xingsen , Xu Jie , Wang Xin , Chen Liang , Li Wenjie , Shi Kaijun , Ding Yongkun
Published: November 2022

The quantitative measurement of plasma soft x-ray spectra is an important diagnostic problem in indirect-drive laser inertial confinement fusion (ICF). We designed, built, and tested a compact multichannel soft x-ray spectrometer with both spatial and temporal resolution capabilities for the detection of the spatiotemporal distribution of soft x-ray spectra. The spectrometer occupies a small solid angle, and the close measurement angle used for each channel enables the measurement of the angular distribution of emitting soft x-rays in ICF experiments. The spectrometer comprises pinhole, filter, and multilayer flat mirror arrays, and an x-ray streak camera. Its energy range is 0.1 – 3 keV. The dispersive elements of the spectrometer were calibrated at the Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility. The accuracy of the calibration was ≤ 5%, and the combined energy resolution (E/ΔE) of the calibrated dispersive elements of each channel was higher than 10. Finally, the instrument was tested at the Shenguang-III Laser Facility. The measurement results of x-ray radiation flux are agreed well with the experimental results of the M-band flat-response x-ray diode, demonstrating the feasibility of the proposed spectrometer configuration.
Perfect absorption and phase singularities induced by surface lattice resonances for plasmonic nanoparticle array on a metallic film
Authors: Bai Yating , Zheng Haiyan , Zhang Qiang , Yu Ying , Liu Shao-ding
Published: November 2022

The formation of pairs of perfect absorption associated with phase singularities in the parameter space using the hybridized structure constructed with a metallic nanoparticle array and a metallic film is promising to enhance light-mater interactions. However, the localized plasmon resonances of the array possess strong radiative losses, which is an obstacle to improve the performances for many applications. On the contrary with the subwavelength array hybridized structure, this study shows that by enlarging the lattice spacing, the oscillator strength of the nanoparticles can be enhanced with the formation of surface lattice resonance, thereby leading to similar but much narrower pairs of perfect absorption due to the interactions with the Fabry-Pérot cavity modes. Furthermore, when the surface plasmon polariton mode shift to the same spectral range associated with the enlarged lattice spacing, the coupling and mode hybridization with the surface lattice resonance result in an anticrossing in the spectra. Although the resonance coupling does not enter the strong coupling regime, the quality factors (∼ 134) and near-field enhancements (∼ 44) are strongly enhanced for the hybridized resonance modes due to the effectively suppressed radiative losses compared with that of the localized plasmon resonances, which make the hybridized structure useful for the design of functional nanophotonic device such as biosensing, multi-model nanolasing, and high-quality imaging.
Nonlinear dynamics of a semiconductor microcavity laser subject to frequency comb injection
Authors: Wang Ting , Yang Yue-De , Hao You-Zeng , Zhang Zhen-Ning , Shi Yang , Xiao Jin-Long , Huang Yong-Zhen
Published: November 2022

The nonlinear dynamical behaviors of a semiconductor microcavity laser with frequency comb injection have been experimentally and numerically investigated. The microcavity laser is harmonically locked to a unit fraction of the comb spacing due to the undamped relaxation oscillation at certain conditions, creating additional comb lines with reduced frequency spacing. The stability maps indicating various locking states are obtained based on rate equations, which demonstrates that the locking regions are closely related to the relaxation oscillation. Moreover, the microcavity laser with comb injection leads to spectral broadening of the original comb and the number of comb lines raises from 3 to 13. Owing to the large modulation bandwidth of the microcavity laser, the comb lines and the frequency spacing can be tailored over a wide range by varying the injection parameters.
Silicon-based high-power traveling wave photodetector with inductive gain peaking
Authors: Wei Zhujun , Yu Hui , Fu Zhilei , Xia Penghui , Zhang Qiang , Ning Nannan , Huang Qikai , Wang Yuehai , Yang Jianyi
Published: November 2022

We demonstrate Ge/Si high-power and high-speed distributed traveling wave photodetectors (TWPD) by using the inductive gain peaking technique. Input terminals of TW electrodes are open to enhance RF output efficiencies to output loads. Furthermore, optimized on-chip spiral inductors are incorporated at output terminals of TW electrodes to alleviate bandwidth degradations caused by the absences of matching impedances. A comprehensive equivalent circuit model is developed to calculate the frequency response of this scheme. It is used to optimize the design, and then is validated by measurement results. After inducing on-chip inductors, the bandwidths of 4-stage and 8-stage TWPDs are improved from 32 to 44 GHz and 16 to 24 GHz, respectively. Maximum RF output powers of 4-stage and 8-stage TWPDs with on-chip inductors are measured to be 5.7 dBm and 9.4 dBm at 20 GHz, respectively.