bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digital Literacy: Comparative Review on Machine Learning Based Performance Assessment of Students
Authors: Shwetha K. , Banu S. Shahar
Published: November 2024

The E-learning system paved an opportunity to make drastic changes in the educational system all over the world. Several institutions began to implement online learning to offer internet based courses contrary to the traditional classroom teaching. These online courses tends to provide several potential benefits such as flexibility and opportunities, to discover knowledge of the students. It also offers innovations in learning strategies of the students and resolve several complexities by accessing information from internet. Though e-learning based systems produces certain advantages, they also possess limitations of co-operative learning, active learning and performance mitigations. To address these issues, the present study focused on the different AI based techniques used in the prediction of student’s academic performance. The main objective of the study is to analyze the primary factors that affects the learning through online and analyze the performance using different intelligent approaches. A comparative study of the AI based techniques is performed to analyze the different methods involved in the assessment of academic performance. Further, the present issues and future works of the studies is deliberated to produce optimized analysis systems. This tends to support several researchers to overcome the disputes and provide effective e-learning assessment systems.
2023–2024 Reviewers
Authors: El-Sayed Mohamed
Published: November 2024

2023–2024 Reviewers
Fast Time-Varying Uncertainty Resisting for Hybrid UAV by
Hierarchical Yaw Control with Constrained Input
Authors: Dai Jiawen , Liu Jiaojiao , Yang Yi , Bai Jie , Zhang Zheshuo
Published: November 2024

Yaw control for aircraft using the rudder faces challenges in resisting fast
time-varying uncertainty due to the relatively slower response of the rudder. In
hybrid unmanned aerial vehicles equipped with both rudders and rotors, the
introduction of powered yaw control offers novel solutions for addressing fast
time-varying uncertainty by leveraging the quicker response of rotors compared
to traditional rudders. This paper presents a hierarchical yaw control approach
for hybrid unmanned aerial vehicles, comprising a nominal control for rudders to
achieve the desired yaw tracking and a constrained powered yaw control for
rotors to resist fast time-varying uncertainty. Given the constrained amplitude
of powered yaw control, it is imperative that the designed auxiliary input
guarantees adherence to its constraint. Firstly, a nonlinear control for nominal
hybrid unmanned aerial vehicle system is formulated to deal with the
nonlinearity model, rendering a modest nominal control for rudders. Secondly,
powered yaw control is proposed to effectively resist fast time-varying
uncertainty by harnessing the faster response of rotors, while simultaneously
considering the constrained amplitude of powered yaw control. Stability and
robust of the hierarchical yaw control are proved under fast time-varying
uncertainty and constrained powered yaw control by the Lyapunov analysis using
uniform boundedness and uniform ultimate boundedness. Simulations are performed,
comparing to other control methods, demonstrating the effectiveness of the
proposed control method under fast time-varying uncertainty and inputs
constraint.
Light Airfield Management UAV Based on TurMass
Technology
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyang , Chen Hongming
Published: November 2024

The advent of the low-altitude economy represents a novel economic paradigm that
has emerged in recent years in response to technological advancement and an
expanding social demand. The low-altitude economy is currently undergoing a
period of rapid development, which underscores the importance of ensuring the
safety of airfield operations. To enhance operational efficiency, unmanned
aerial vehicles (UAVs) can be utilized for the inspection of the surrounding
area, runway inspection, environmental monitoring, and other tasks. This paper
employs TurMass technology, the TurMass gateway is miniaturised as the
communication module of FT24, and the TK8620 development board replaces the LoRa
RF module in the ELRS receiver to achieve the communication transmission between
the remote control and the receiver. Additionally, a TurMass chip is integrated
into the UAV to transmit beacons, while an airfield management aerial vehicle is
employed to receive nearby UAV data, thereby preventing collisions. A new ground
test device was employed to mitigate the risks associated with the actual test.
The article provides a comprehensive account of the underlying principles,
system architecture, pivotal technologies, and prospective applications of the
aerial vehicle.
Research on Multi-Mode Switching Strategy for Electromagnetic
Suspension
Authors: Zeng Sheng , Zhang Bangji , Tan Bohuan , Qin An , Lai Jiewen , Wang Shichen
Published: November 2024

This study proposes a multi-mode switching control strategy based on
electromagnetic damper suspension (EMDS) to address the different performance
requirements of suspension systems on variable road surfaces. The working modes
of EMDS are divided into semi-active damping mode and energy harvest mode, and
the proposed mode switching threshold is the weighted root mean square value of
acceleration. For the semi-active damping mode, a controller based on LQR(Linear
Quadratic Regulator) was designed, and a variable resistance circuit was also
designed to meet the requirements of the semi-active mode, which optimized the
damping effect relative to passive suspension. For the energy harvest mode, an
energy harvest circuit was designed to recover vibration energy. In order to
reduce the deterioration of suspension performance caused by frequent mode
switching in the mode switching strategy, as frequent system switching can lead
to system disorder, deterioration of damping effect, and reduction of energy
harvest efficiency, two switching conditions are introduced to increase system
stability, namely mode switching judgment frequency and sampling interval time.
The setting of mode switching judgment frequency is to avoid sudden and
occasional switching, while the setting of sampling interval time is to obtain a
more reasonable weighted acceleration root mean square value. By selecting these
two parameters reasonably, the stability and effect of mode switching can be
optimized. The results indicate that the multi-mode switching control strategy
can achieve reasonable switching of electromagnetic suspension in two modes,
achieving good vibration reduction effect and certain energy harvest
capability.
Heat Generation Behavior of LFP and NCM Batteries during Long-Term
Storage: A Comparative Study
Authors: Li Haibin , Zhao Hongwei , Liu Dinghong , Hu Qiaosheng
Published: November 2024

The life and safety of a battery are closely linked to temperature. Designing an
effective thermal management system relies on a thorough understanding and
analysis of the thermal properties and mechanisms of the battery. Over time, as
batteries are used, their thermal characteristics change due to variations in
internal SEI thickness, the deterioration of the active material structure, gas
production, and electrolyte consumption, all of which are associated with the
aging process. In this paper, experiments on both NCM and LFP batteries were
made to measure the heat generation characteristics by adiabatic calorimeter.
The results showed that the impact of calendar aging on battery heat generation
exhibited completely different patterns for the lithium-ion batteries of the two
material systems mentioned above. This paper provides guidance for the
optimization of heat generation characteristics of battery and the calibration
of heat source in the design of battery thermal management system for electric
aircraft.
eVTOL Flys Through Atmospheric Boundary Layer: Unsteady Take-Off and
Landing Study via Spatio-Temporal Projection Method
Authors: Wei Huanxia , Jia Chundong , Shi Yongwei , Jia Qing , Xia Chao , Mo Reng , Yang Zhigang , Li Yanlong , Hu Qiangqiang
Published: November 2024

An electric vertical take-off and landing aircraft (eVTOL) is a variety of
vertical take-off aircraft driven by electric power. This work proposed a new
boundary condition control method to investigate the take-off and landing
process of eVTOL, which is under the conditions of a typical atmospheric
boundary layer. The spatial flow field information, especially the
height-dependent atmospheric crosswind velocity profile, will be projected on
the temporal axis and superimposed with the existing time-dependent unsteady
conditions.

Taking a 4-axis eVTOL as an example, computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
simulations based on unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (uRANS) and rigid
body motion (RBM) are carried out with proposed unsteady boundary conditions.
The loads and surrounding flow field of the aircraft are obtained, while the
vortical structures are further identified and discussed. Notably, the impact of
atmospheric boundary layer on the aerodynamic force of eVTOL during vertical
motions is not distinct.

Based on the theoretical basis and results, this boundary condition control
method can effectively simplify the simulation process and reduce the
computational resource utilization for eVTOLs, or other vertical take-off
vehicles. In addition, it also has the potential to empower traditional wind
tunnel facilities with full-scale aerodynamic testing capacity for eVTOLs.
Research on the Application of High-Static-Low-Dynamic Stiffness
Vibration Isolator in Electro-Optical Pods of Unmanned Aerial
Vehicles
Authors: Tian Yishen , Guo Gaofeng , Wang Guangzhao , Wei Wan , Bao Lingcong , Dong Guan , Li Liujie
Published: November 2024

With the rapid advancement in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology, the
demand for stable and high-precision electro-optical (EO) pods, such as cameras,
lidar sensors, and infrared imaging systems, has significantly increased.
However, the inherent vibrations generated by the UAV’s propulsion system and
aerodynamic disturbances pose significant challenges to the stability and
accuracy of these payloads. To address this issue, this paper presents a study
on the application of high-static low-dynamic stiffness (HSLDS) vibration
isolation devices in EO payloads mounted on UAVs. The HSLDS system is designed
to effectively isolate low-frequency and high-amplitude vibrations while
maintaining high static stiffness, ensuring both stability during hovering and
precise pointing capabilities. A nonlinear dynamic system model with two degrees
of freedom is formulated for an EO pod supported by HSLDS isolators at both
ends. The model’s natural frequencies are determined, and approximate
expressions for the displacement transmissibility at both ends are derived.
These expressions facilitate a comparative analysis of the isolation performance
between the HSLDS-supported system and a system with linear elastic supports.
Furthermore, the influence of system parameters on isolation performance is
exhaustively investigated and summarized. The findings reveal that the
HSLDS-supported system exhibits a broader effective frequency range for
vibration isolation and improved isolation performance at operating frequencies,
as compared to a system utilizing linear elastic supports under identical base
excitation conditions. This research underscores the potential of HSLDS devices
as an effective solution for enhancing the stability and accuracy of EO pods
mounted on UAVs, thereby advancing the capabilities of these aerial platforms in
critical applications such as reconnaissance, surveillance, and target
tracking.
Risk Assessment for Urban Logistics Operation of UA
Authors: Li Li , Liu Weiwei , Fu Jinhua
Published: November 2024

In the context of insufficient international management experience, this study
combines the current situation of Chinese aviation and the characteristics of
unmanned aircraft (UA) operation, adopts the specific operations risk assessment
(SORA) method, and conducts in-depth research on the trial operation risks of UA
in urban low-altitude logistics scenarios, conducting effective evaluations and
project practices. This study starts from two dimensions of ground risk and air
risk, determines the boundaries required for safe operation of UA, and improves
the robustness level of UA operation through ground risk mitigation measures and
air risk mitigation measures. At the same time, a series of compliance
verification methods are provided to meet 24 operational safety objectives (OSO)
(including design characteristics, operational limitations, performance
standards, safety characteristics, communication requirements, emergency
response plans, etc.), ensuring that UA operation does not pose unacceptable
risks to personnel, property, or the environment.In addition, the results of
this study provide an evaluation tool for regulatory agencies, operators, and
relevant third parties to determine the confidence level of low-altitude
operation of UA in cities, evaluate the possibility of safe operation, and
provide scientific basis for the healthy development of the UA industry.

This study selects Shenzhen, a typical urban residential environment, to carry
out a beyond visual line-of-sight (BVLOS) UA logistics project. Through the
operation practice of fixed routes, valuable experience and data have been
accumulated. Not only did it directly test the operational capability of UA in
complex urban airspace, but it also explored service modes for safe and
effective integration in high population density areas. Through the practical
experience of urban logistics UA risk assessment projects, this study help
operators comprehensively examine the trial operation model, accurately identify
key risk factors, better understand and manage potential risks, and
fundamentally improve operational safety. At the same time, the application of
assessment methods also assists regulatory agencies in formulating scientific
and reasonable regulatory policies, balancing the safe operation of UA and the
development of low-altitude economy, providing reference cases for urban air
traffic management.
Finite Element Comparison of Human and Hybrid III Responses in the
Airworthiness Certification of Normal Aircraft
Authors: Shi Xiaopeng , Ding Xianghe , Guo Kai , Liu Tianfu , Xie Jiang
Published: November 2024

With the capability of predicting detailed injury of occupants, the Human Body
Model (HBM) was used to identify potential injuries for occupants in car impact
events. However, there are few publications on using HBM in the aviation
industry. This study aims to investigate and compare the head, neck, lumbar
spine and thoracic responses of the Hybrid III and the THUMS (Total Human Model
for Safety) model in the horizontal 26g and vertical 19g sled tests required by
the General Aviation Aircraft Airworthiness Regulations. The HIC of THUMS and
Hybrid III did not exceed the requirements of airworthiness regulations. Still,
THUMS had higher intracranial pressures and intracranial stresses, which could
result in brain injury to the occupants. In vertical impact, the highest stress
of the neck of THUMS appears at the cervical spine C2 and the upper neck is
easily injured; in horizontal impact, the cervical spine C7 has the highest
load, and the lower neck is easily injured. Due to the low biofidelity of the
Hybrid III ATD neck structure, the injuries that appeared at different neck
locations cannot be identified by the Hybrid III ATD. Because of the submarining
phenomenon, the lumbar spine load and bending moment of the THUMS are much
smaller than that of the ATD model, which shows a lower risk of injuries. In
both impact scenarios, the THUMS chest deformation was higher. In the vertical
19g impact, the THUMS developed much higher shoulder belt loads than the ATD.
The results indicate the Hybrid III ATD underestimates the risk of injury to
passengers' heads and chests, while overestimating the risk to the lumbar spine
compared to THUMS. Furthermore, due to limitations in the locations of sensors,
the Hybrid III ATD is unable to identify the severe injury at lower neck and
upper lumbar.
RadarPillarDet: Multi-Pillar Feature Fusion with 4D Millimeter-Wave
Radar for 3D Object Detection
Authors: Yang Long , Zheng Lianqing , Mo Jingyue , Bai Jie , Zhu Xichan , Ma Zhixiong
Published: November 2024

Object detection is one of the core tasks in autonomous driving perception
systems. Most perception algorithms commonly use cameras and LiDAR sensors, but
the robustness is insufficient in harsh environments such as heavy rain and fog.
Moreover, velocity of objects is crucial for identifying motion states. The next
generation of 4D millimeter-wave radar retains traditional radar advantages in
robustness and speed measurement, while also providing height information,
higher resolution and density. 4D radar has great potential in the field of 3D
object detection. However, existing methods overlook the need for specific
feature extraction modules for 4D millimeter-wave radar, which can lead to
potential information loss. In this study, we propose RadarPillarDet, a novel
approach for extracting features from 4D radar to achieve high-quality object
detection. Specifically, our method introduces a dual-stream encoder (DSE)
module, which combines traditional multilayer perceptron and attention-based
methods. The DSE module serves as a powerful point feature extractor that
enhances feature dimensions. Compared to other methods, Sum-Avg-Max Pillar
Encoding (SAMPE) module effectively enriches the features of sparse radar point
clouds by collecting various pillar features using three different encoders.
Additionally, to effectively address the issue of noise points in 4D radar, the
designed multi-pillar self-attention (MPSA) module can adaptively learn the
weights of different pillar features, thereby enhancing the quality of the 4D
radar bird's eye view (BEV) features. Experimental results on the View of Delft
(VoD) dataset show that the proposed RadarPillarDet achieves excellent detection
performance, with a performance 3.22% mAP higher than the baseline.
New Applications of Plasma Propulsion Engines and Advanced
Nanomaterials in Low-Altitude Aircraft: Theoretical Advances
Authors: Ma Xin , Ding Shuiting , Pan Yilun , Liu Jinshuo , Qiao Huizhe , Yang Jincai
Published: November 2024

This paper explores the groundbreaking applications of plasma propulsion engines
and advanced nanomaterials in low-altitude aircraft, addressing the challenges
and recent technological advancements that make such applications feasible.
Traditional space plasma thrusters operate effectively in near-vacuum conditions
by taking advantage of the ease of plasma ignition at low pressures. However,
these thrusters face significant difficulties when operated at near-atmospheric
pressures found in low-altitude environments, where plasma ignition is
challenging. This paper highlights recent breakthroughs in high-pressure plasma
glow discharge technology and the integration of nanomaterials, which together
enable the use of plasma propulsion engines in low-altitude aircraft. These
innovations offer substantial advantages over conventional engines, including
higher efficiency, reduced emissions, and the potential to fundamentally change
the propulsion systems of low-altitude aircraft.
Construction of the Aspergillus nidulans pmtC∆hogA∆yA∆ triple deletion strain by mating and benlate inducing
Authors: Le Tram Thi Huynh , Le Nhan Thy , Nguyen Tien Thi Thuy , Nguyen Duong Thi Thuy , Nguyen Dong Xuan
Published: November 2024

In Aspergillus nidulans, construction of double or triple deletion strain is widely carried out to investigate genetic coordination, relation, or interaction. In this study, a fungal mutant, in which pmtC, hogA, and yA are deleted, is constructed for a recent experimental purpose. The mutation strain is screened and isolated by auxotrophic mutations from progenies of a sexual mating between the two A. nidulans fungi, pmtC∆yA∆ deletion strain and hogA∆ deletion strain. The genotype of the strain obtained from the matting is confirmed by PCR indicating that the obtained strain contains deleted hogA, both wild-type pmtC and deleted pmtC deletion. Moreover, the obtained strain forms morphology with irregular edges, abnormal growth, and derived colony, which is like general morphology of diploid strains, suggesting that the mutant is a diploid strain. As benlate is a haploidization-inducer for the diploid strain, the spores of the diploid strain are spread on media with 0.05ppm of benlate. Forming colonies performing pmtC-like characteristics, such as poor development, impaired vegetation and limited conidiation, are considered as target haploid strains and confirmed by PCR. The PCR results show that, among four isolated strains, there is only one strain showing PCR band which is approximate to pmtC knock-out gene, indicating the strain carry pmtC deletion gene.
As a result, the fungal strains, namely AnTLE36.HC, is a pmtC∆hogA∆yA∆ deletion strain.
Recognition of chordal graphs and cographs which are Cover-Incomparability graphs
Authors: Anil Arun , Changat Manoj
Published: November 2024

Cover-Incomparability graphs (C-I graphs) are an interesting class of graphs
from posets. A C-I graph is a graph from a poset $P=(V,\le)$ with vertex set
$V$, and the edge-set is the union of edge sets of the cover graph and the
incomparability graph of the poset. The recognition of the C-I graphs is known
to be NP-complete (Maxov\'{a} et al., Order 26(3), 229--236(2009)). In this
paper, we prove that chordal graphs having at most two independent simplicial
vertices are exactly the chordal graphs which are also C-I graphs. A similar
result is obtained for cographs as well. Using the structural results of these
graphs, we derive linear time recognition algorithms for chordal graphs and
cographs which are C-I graphs.
Modeling of Car Insurance Premiums Using the Bayes Method with Poisson and Exponential Distributions
Authors: Farida Nur Rizky , Hikmah Siti Nur
Published: November 2024

Car insurance is included in the general insurance category. Determination of general insurance premiums can be done through various approaches, one of which is the Bayes method used in this study. The Poisson distribution is chosen to model the frequency of claims, while the Exponential distribution is used to model the amount of claims. Insurance premiums are calculated by multiplying the expected frequency of claims by the expected amount of claims. Based on the results of the analysis of car insurance data using the Bayes method, it was found that the highest premium rates were for Mercedes brand vehicles, while the lowest rates were for Saab brand vehicles. The results of this calculation can be used by insurance companies as a reference in managing car insurance reserve funds.
Digitising the Physical: The Evolving Role of Collaboration Tools in Citizen Participatory Design Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic in Seoul
Authors: Jeoung-Rakova Oxana
Published: November 2024

This case study investigates how the digital transformation of urban design governance following the COVID-19 outbreak has led to changes in approaches to citizen participatory design in Seoul, South Korea. Drawing on empirical data from the Seoul Citizen Design Bureau – an annual participatory program initiated by the Seoul Metropolitan Government since 2015 – and interviews with facilitators and participants, the study ethnographically examines the emergence of new local design actors amid unforeseen circumstances like the pandemic. The research sheds light on the diverse capacities and intermediary roles of digital collaboration tools such as ZoomTM and MuralTM, which not only enabled citizen involvement in design during the pandemic but also challenged established practices in institution-driven participatory design in Korea. By contextualising this analysis within a turbulent historical juncture, the study demonstrates the effectiveness of remote ethnography in uncovering the influence of “more-than-humans” in participatory design within the unique sociocultural setting of South Korea.
Designing the In-Between: Outlining the Roles of the Designer in the Civic Arena
Authors: Monna Vanessa , Auricchio Valentina
Published: November 2024

This article examines the emerging field of Civic Design, which aims to combine design principles with civic ideals in order to tackle the growing complexity of societal issues. Civic Design suggests a new role for designers in society by emphasising values such as care, sensitivity, empathy, openness, inclusion, diverse perspectives, fairness, justice, the value of experiences, trust and democracy. Civic designers assume numerous roles as connectors, aggregators, network builders, advocates, activists, facilitators, intermediaries and decentralised actors within the civic sphere. The paper examines these stances and analyses them in relation to power as civic designers must navigate intricate power dynamics in order to foster more equitable civic interactions and work towards the common good. In order to do so, civic designers exercise their power in a responsible manner, recognising their own position and actively empowering a diverse range of actors while also considering the influence of more dominant individuals. The paper recounts part of the results of a PhD highlighting the potential of Civic Design to tackle intricate societal issues and promote inclusive, participatory and equitable community results by reframing power relations within commoning infrastructures and procedures.
Thought Experiments in Design Ethics
Authors: Buwert Peter , Sinclair Matt
Published: November 2024

How is the designer to approach questions of responsibility, obligation, or right and wrong in relation to their role in creating, sustaining and altering the complex worlds which we inhabit together? Every design decision stands as the first teetering domino at the head of an infinitely complex fractal chain reaction of consequences, the full repercussions of which are ultimately unforeseeable. The moment of ethical crisis – being faced with a range of possible options and lacking a fully adequate knowledge of which path is best to choose – is an unavoidable component of the design process. Ethical theories, principles, codes and rules always lag one step behind the frontier of the new, the territory in which design operates. Recognising that ethical crisis is an integral reality of the design process, how can designers be best supported and equipped for this challenge? This paper explores one path towards this aim, presenting the case for the use of philosophical thought experiments as appropriate and useful devices for developing capacities for ethical thinking and for nurturing a transformed ethical mindset within practising designers. Thought experiments do not directly guide or provide knowledge or answers as to the ‘right’ thing to do in any given situation. Rather, the argument is presented here that thought experiments can stimulate productive conditions in which designers can learn not to ‘know ethics’ but to ‘think ethics’. By playing these mind games, the designer can exercise and strengthen their mental capacities for responding to ethical encounters within the complexity of real-world design practice.
Co-Learning Scenarios with the Community: Democratic Practices In and Out of the Design Studio
Authors: Merter Sevi
Published: November 2024

Design education is characterised by its experiential and practice-oriented approach, emphasising active engagement with projects. The pedagogical focus is on developing individual styles, professional stances, and a receptive attitude towards novel experiences, aligning with the evolving landscape of the design profession. This study explores community engagement in student projects as a means to establish a co-deciding and co-learning infrastructure in the design studio. This participative and democratic approach challenges traditional hierarchies in higher education, transforms the student-instructor relationship, and aligns educational practices with the evolving requirements of the design profession. The study investigates students' insights into co-learning with the community through scenario-building. A workshop conducted with twelve fourth-year undergraduate industrial design students and the thematic analysis of the findings revealed that educational community engagement projects employing inclusionary methods motivate students and foster a positive attitude towards shifting power relations within a democratic design studio structure. The findings also highlight the need for a clear focus, a set of principles for successful engagement, and conflict resolution in the co-learning process, as well as the generative potential of scenario-building as a method for inclusive practices.
Features of the diagnostics and surgical treatment of necrotizing enterocolitis
Authors: Gurskaya Aleksandra S. , Ekimovskaya Ekaterina V. , Bayazitov Rimir R. , Nakovkin Oleg N. , Zorkin Sergey N. , Dyakonova Elena Yu. , Sulavko Mariya A. , Karnuta Inna V. , Klepikova Anna A. , Piloyan Feliks S. , Akhmedova Dinara M.
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the common causes for abdominal surgery in newborns and infants over he first months of life with a high mortality rate (23.5%), increased in case of surgery to 67%.
Materials and methods. We compared premature (n = 25) and full-term (n = 22) newborns operated for NEC complications (laparotomy, resection of necrotized sections of the intestine, intestinal stoma). Also, we evaluated the results of treatment of infants with intestinal stoma after surgical NEC (n = 110, groups 1, 2 and 3).
Results. Full-term cases with congenital heart defects are at risk of surgical NEC (p < 0.05). Subtotal and total forms of NEC are associated with lethal outcomes up to 100% in both premature and full-term infants. It is necessary to preserve the ileocecal angle; length measuring of the remaining intestine along the mesenteric edge helps to predict further risks: 60 cm and less leads to 80–100% of post-resection short bowel syndrome.
Conclusion. NEC in full-term newborns is due to its hypoxic nature and impaired mesenteric perfusion (congenital heart defects). Surgical NEC can occur without typical symptoms (“covered perforation”), the discrepancy between the clinical and radiographic picture may indicate to subtotal or total intestinal necrosis with up to 100% of lethal outcomes.
The main motivational and value attitudes of pediatricians in choosing a vocation
Authors: Antonova Anastasia I. , Shuraeva Larisa Yu. , Komarova Olga V. , Iontseva Maria V.
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Determining the trajectory of a future career and understanding one’s occupational mission imposes responsibility on the life in the individual and society as a whole. Among many vocations, one of the most difficult, not only in terms of maste­ring, the need for constant updating of special knowledge, but also because of many moral and ethical aspects, is the occupation of a doctor.
The purpose of the work is to identify the leading factors of motivation for professional self-determination of pediatricians.
Materials and methods. One hundred six pediatricians practicing in Moscow, graduated from 35 medical universities of the country took part in the work. An online questionnaire was used for sociological analysis. The respondents were selected using the “snowball” method.
Results. Leading factors encouraging the choice of pediatrics as a an vocation were found to be the interest of the person himself in the profession (67%) and the opportunity to help people (19.8%). This indicates the psychological motives of a person in choosing a profession to dominate over social motives. The prestige of the profession and the influence of parents are not considered the main motives for choosing (4.7% and 2.8%, respectively). Most of the pediatricians surveyed (63.2%) are completely satisfied with their chosen profession, which indicates a conscious decision at the time of admission and a desire to develop further within the chosen vocation. Due to their own choice, 95.3% of respondents plan to work in pediatrics in the future. 64.2% of respondents see the main benefit for other people and society in improving children’s health.
Conclusion. The dominant motives of professional self-determination of pediatricians, determining the choice of a future specialty, are personal conscious goal-setting in choosing a medical vocation and the opportunity to help children. Working as a pediatrician guarantees a high degree of satisfaction from the chosen path and daily activities.
Analysis of the current status of the protection in children from of polio
Authors: Balzhieva Varvara V. , Khlebnikova Lidiya A.
Published: November 2024

Introduction. There is a risk of an exponential increase in the incidence of polio in the world, if there is a deviation from the current plan of measures to localize endemic areas of polio and until global eradication of the virus achieved. Routine immunization against polio and widespread vaccination is the main goal of the polio control strategy. There is currently no need to strengthen planned vaccination work in Russia to consolidate the results of the polio control program, as evidenced by the data of dynamic serological monitoring. Aim: Evaluate the level of seroconversion after administration of poliovaccine and the duration of protective antibody titer maintenance in children.
Materials and methods. A single-stage, single-center determination of the titer of antibodies to poliovirus types 1 and 3 was carried out using the neutralization method. There were studied 162 samples collected as part of the assignment from the Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology of the Republic of Buryatia (1.44% of the pediatric population of the children’s polyclinic): three groups of 1–2 years, 3–4 years and 15–17 years children. The average age in the group 1 was 1.64 ± 0.48 years, group 2 —
3.48 ± 0.54 years, and group 3 — 15.38 ± 0.67 years. Medical documentation was analyzed and compared: completed preventive vaccination cards (form 063/u) and preventive vaccination sheet in the child development card (form 112/u) for a complete collection children’s vaccination history.
Results. Deviations of vaccination dates from the current national calendar of preventive vaccinations noted in all age groups with a high frequency. In our analysis, 100% of children demonstrate the presence of protective antibodies to poliomyelitis types 1 and 3. The duration of preservation of neutralizing antibodies is 13.05 ± 0.94 years, with an average of 9–15 years.
Conclusion. The analyzed serological monitoring of postvaccinal immunity to poliomyelitis testifies to the high efficiency of the preventive work.
Food preferences in schoolchildren
Authors: Miropolskaya Kristina Yu. , Kochubey Adelina V. , Vershinina Marina G. , Chernyakhovsky Oleg B.
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Understanding children’s eating behaviour is crucial for promoting healthy nutrition. Objective. To assess the food preferences in schoolchildren.
Materials and methods. A mixed-mode survey was conducted in one hundred twelve 6 to 17 years schoolchildren, including 72 (70.5%) boys and 81 (72.3%) girl from Moscow. The average age was 12.23 ± 3.69 years (median = 13.0 years), with no significant age differences between genders (p = 0.855) or between Moscow and other regions (p = 0.690). The survey (α Cronbach = 0.891) included demographic and eating behaviour questions. Data were analyzed with SPSS using Spearman’s rank correlation, Mann–Whitney U test, Kruskal–Wallis test, and χ2 test, given the non-normal distribution of variables (p ≤ 0.001).
Results. Daily, 11 (9.8%) of the respondents eat vegetables, 14 (12.5%) eat fruits or berries, 18 (16.1%) have breakfast, and 87 (77.7%) consume sweets. Additionally, 62 (55.4%) often skip main meals due to sweets; 81 (72.3%) always have sweets at home; and 51 (45.5%) favour of fast food. Children in families where sweets are always available are more likely to skip main meals and breakfast, consume sweets, and prefer fast food, but eat vegetables, fruits, and healthy breakfasts less frequently (p ≤ 0.001). Daily sweet consumption is linked to lower fruit intake (p ≤ 0.001). Demographic characteristics did not impact food preferences
(0.068 ≤ p ≤ 0.946). The highest index of correct eating habits, equal to 0.86, was in 2 (1.8%) children. There is no relationship between the number of correct eating habits and age (p = 0.379) and gender (p = 0.172). The criterion of “correct eating habits” is (p = 0.046) higher in Moscow schoolchildren than in children from the regions.
Conclusion. Unhealthy food preferences in children reflect parents’ non-compliance with healthy eating recommendations, which underscores the need for family initiatives in the field of healthy nutrition.
DEVELOPMENT AND OPTIMIZATION OF HPLC METHODS FOR THE CHIRAL SEPARATION OF ARYLPYRAZOLE, CHLOROACETANILIDE AND ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES: CASE STUDIES OF BENZOBICYCLON, ACETOCHLOR AND CHLORDANE.
Authors: Anyanwu B. C. , Akoh O. U. , Otuokere I. E.
Published: November 2024

This work is centered on the development and optimization of High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic methods for the separation of chiral pesticides, particularly benzobicyclon, chlordane and acetochlor employing Agilent Technologies Infinity II chiral HPLC system equipped with a UV – 2000 detector. The stereoisomers were successively separated using a standard analytical column of dimensions 250 mm X 4.6 mm. The Cis– stereoisomers of chlordane exhibited partial baseline separation while the Trans – enantiomers were fully separated. Benzobicyclon and acetochlor enantiomers attained full baseline separation under optimized conditions. Chlordane and benzobicyclon were analyzed using normal phase chromatography [NP]c with a mobile phase of 90% Normal hexane and 10% Isopropanol, while acetochlor was analyzed by reverse phase chromatography [RP] c using 70% methanol and 30% water. Benzobicyclon was later spiked into soil sample and subsequently extracted using Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) methods and the extracts were further analyzed with a shorter analytical column of dimensions 75 mm X 4.6 mm. The HPLC separation revealed that the longer column provided more efficient separation for the benzobicyclon stereoisomers than the shorter column as reflected by high separation factors (?). The high recovery rate of the stereoisomers of benzobicyclon and the internal standard from the soil extracts confirmed the effectiveness of the method of extraction and the HPLC system employed.
Sepsis y shock séptico, diagnóstico en animales de compañía
Authors: Amancha Campuzano Jorge Miguel , Castillo Hidalgo Edy Paúl
Published: November 2024

La sepsis representa un síndrome clínico caracterizado por la respuesta inflamatoria desregulada del organismo ante un proceso infeccioso, potencialmente mortal que afecta a animales y humanos. En el año de 1991 se define el termino sepsis de manera oficial por primera vez en el consenso “SEPSIS-1” en medicina humana, definición que cambiaría en el consenso SEPSIS-2 (2001) y se redefiniría una vez más en el año 2016, en el consenso SEPSIS-3. A pesar de ello, en medicina Veterinaria el diagnóstico de sepsis se considera algo anecdótico, pues existe poca uniformidad en su definición y no hay consenso sobre cómo identificarla clínicamente, al considerarse un proceso dinámico, por lo cual no presenta un cuadro clínico específico, pero se caracteriza por la inestabilidad hemodinámica y el deterioro multiorgánico progresivo del paciente.  Por tanto, el presente trabajo plantea como objetivo analizar información relevante para generar una síntesis actualizada de criterios de diagnóstico de sepsis y shock séptico en caninos y felinos.
Sentiment Analysis of Pedulilindungi Application Reviews Using Naive Bayes Classifier and Support Vector Machine
Authors: Firdausy Irfani , Suhartono Suhartono , Imamudin M.
Published: November 2024

The spread of the Covid-19 virus since the end of 2019 in Indonesia has resulted in the Indonesian government taking several actions in various sectors. One of the government's efforts to handle and monitor the condition of the Covid-19 pandemic using information technology is by launching the PeduliLindungi application. With this application the government can monitor public data related to vaccination, tracing, telemedicine, and looking for rooms at the nearest hospital. The launch of the application and the obligation to use the PeduliLindungi application has received a response from the public, this can be monitored/seen from reviews on social media, news and also reviews on the Google Play Store regarding the application. Reviews from users on the Google Play Store can be used as parameters for input or feedback. This data is quite a lot and requires a long time to process it, even though the existing reviews could be useful as input for criticism and suggestions in future application development. From user review data, a classification process can be carried out based on sentiment type. Sentiment analysis is a branch of text classification which aims to classify sentiment (opinion) whether the text contains negative opinions, positive or neutral opinions. The aim of this research is to apply sentiment analysis to user review data of the PeduLindungi application into positive and negative classes using the Naive Bayes Classifier and Support Vector Machine classification algorithms. The dataset used after going through data pre-processing was 10,616 records. The results of testing and model evaluation carried out by randomly dividing training data and testing data obtained accuracy values, for the Naive Bayes Classifier method it was 77% and the Support Vector Machine had higher accuracy, namely 81%.
Penggunaan Media Sosial untuk Penyebarluasan Informasi Peringatan Dini Banjir ke Masyarakat (Studi Kasus: BPBD Provinsi DKI Jakarta)
Authors: Harahap Hadi Syafruddin
Published: November 2024

This study aims to analyze the role of social media in the dissemination of flood early warning information carried out by the Jakarta Provincial BPBD. Against the background of the importance of an effective early warning system, this study explores the use of social media as a communication channel that can reach the wider community quickly. Using a qualitative approach, this case study observed post data from BPBD social media platforms such as X (Twitter), Facebook, and Instagram in the period from November 2023 to February 2024. The results of the study show that BPBD actively uses social media to provide early warning information related to floods from various sources, such as upstream rain, local rain, and coastal floods. The conclusion of this study is that social media is effective in increasing public preparedness against potential floods, despite the challenges in maintaining public trust and ensuring understanding of the message conveyed.
Penerapan Model Station Rotation untuk Meningkatkan Penguasaan Konsep dan Keterampilan pada Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Inggris
Authors: Mikawati Mikawati , Susianna Nancy
Published: November 2024

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Station Rotation learning model in improving students' mastery of concepts and skills in United Kingdom subjects in grade III. The research was conducted in three cycles, each with an approach that involved the use of different stations for learning, exercise, and evaluation. The results show that the application of this model significantly improves students' ability to understand the material and communication skills. The increase in the average competency score of students in designing learning, communicating, and using the United Kingdom was recorded from cycle one to cycle three. However, challenges still exist in terms of material understanding and use of technology, which indicates the need for further adjustments in learning methods and the provision of adequate facilities. Overall, the Station Rotation model has proven to be effective in improving students' collaboration skills and understanding of United Kingdom concepts.
Level of Public Knowledge Regarding Dental Radiographic Examination in Medan Perjuangan District
Authors: Boel Trelia , Harahap Dwina Pratiwi
Published: November 2024

Aids in establishing the diagnosis, radiography also plays an important role in determining treatment plans and evaluating the results of treatment that has been carried out previously. The purpose of this study is to find out the extent of the level of knowledge of the community in Medan Perjuangan District regarding dental radiography. The type of research used is descriptive survey research with a cross sectional approach. The population of this study is the community in Medan Perjuangan District. The sample size is 200 people who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. By using questionnaires and analyzed descriptively. The result of this study is that the level of public knowledge regarding the uses, benefits, effects and dose limits as well as radiation protection of dental radiography obtained very few results that can be answered correctly. The satisfaction of this study is that the level of public knowledge in Medan Perjuangan District regarding dental radiography examinations individually obtained results in the good category of 2.0%, the fair category of 14.0%, and the poor category of 84.0%.
Characterization and genomic analysis of bacteriophage VT223 infecting Salmonella enterica subsp enterica serovar Enteritidis
Authors: Bich Van Truong T. , Loan Anh Nguyen T. , Anh Thi Nguyen P. , Thanh Vo V. , Viet Dung Le
Published: November 2024

Bacteriophages are increasingly considered a promising alternative to antibiotics for treating bacterial infections. For the bacteriophage VT223, which was isolated from shrimp pond wastewater, a thorough analysis of its host range, morphology, and genome sequencing was performed. Bacteriophage VT223 exhibits high specificity towards Salmonella spp. strains, highlighting its potential as a targeted therapy for Salmonella spp. infections. Electron microscopy revealed that VT223 belongs to the Caudoviricetes, Jerseyvirus, with an icosahedral head and a non-contractile tail. This phage can infect three species within the Salmonella spp., with a short latent period of 30 minutes and a burst size of 446 PFU/infected cells. Genome sequencing revealed a 43,062 bp double-stranded DNA genome with a GC content of 49.6%. Stability tests showed that VT223 is stable over various temperatures and pH levels. Biofilm formation inhibition testing revealed that phage VT223 reduced biofilm by up to 57.7% after a four-hour treatment. In vitro studies demonstrated the lytic activity of VT223 against Salmonella enterica subsp enterica serovar Enteritidis ATCC 49223. These findings provide valuable insights into the biological properties of bacteriophage VT223 and its potential use as a biocontrol agent in livestock production and aquaculture to combat bacterial growth.

Published on November 15, 2024
Study of Suspension Effects on Braking Performance for Improving Driving Safety and Comfort
Authors: Haryanto Ismoyo , Prahasto Toni , Dwi Haryadi Gunawan , Kusuma Negara Farrel Theodore
Published: November 2024

Suspension systems are vital in determining the vehicle's response to various driving conditions, including braking maneuvers. This paper aims to investigate the impact of suspension characteristics on braking performance, to improve overall driving safety and comfort. This study used a sedan car model that drives on a straight track and cornering. Modeling was carried out using the Altair Motion view 2021 with two test cases: braking tests on a straight track and brake-in-turn tests with speeds of 30 km/h and 60 km/h. The results showed that in braking tests on a straight track, increasing suspension stiffness reduces longitudinal slip on the rear wheels and suspension travel on both the front and rear wheels. This reduction in longitudinal slip results in the actual wheel speed value getting closer to the wheel rotational speed. While in the brake-in-turn test, increasing stiffness affects the lateral slip of the rear wheels. This improves driving safety because it reduces the potential for the car to skid.