bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPMENT OF A METHOD FOR THE QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF N-DEZACETYLAPPACONITINE HYDROBROMIDE IN THE DRUG OF THE ANTIARRHYTHMINE BY THE METHOD OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY AND ITS CHROMATOGRAPHIC BEHAVIOR
Authors: Mutalova Dilnoza Karimberdievna , Otaeva Shahzoda Akhtamovna , Botirov Ruzali Anvarovich , Sadikov Alimjan Zairovich , Sagdullayev Shamansur Shakhsaidovich
Published: December 2022

At present, the chemical compositions of plant raw materials for the content of diterpenoid alkaloids have been studied in world research centers in various countries, their pharmacological and toxicological properties have been determined, and technological studies have been carried out in the field of obtaining them in production. At the Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, research on the study of diterpenoid alkaloids of plants of the genus Aconite, in particular, research to establish their chemical structure, biosynthesis, pharmacological and toxicological properties of diterpenoid alkaloids, and their production technology.

Increasing requirements for the safety, efficacy, and quality of medicines necessitate the development of new and improvement of existing methods for their analysis. As a rule, the quality of substances is ensured by a set of analytical methods that allow confirming their authenticity, and determining the purity and quantitative content of the active substance. The methods and techniques used for this need to be constantly improved. Considering the above, the problem of the comparative study of physicochemical methods used for the analysis of substances is topical. The object of the study was the substance Antiarrhythmin. A new method for the qualitative and quantitative determination of N-deacetyllappaconitine hydrobromide in Antiarrhythmin substances has been developed. A comparative analysis of the spectrophotometers and the HPLC method was carried out.

The HPLC method in isocratic mode is used for the sensitive determination of the quantitative analysis of Antiarrhythmin. This technique is simple and well reproduced. The validation results showed that the method has good linearity and within-laboratory precision. The developed method can be used for the determination of N-dezacetyllappaconitine hydrobromide in a substance during quality control.
IMPROVEMENT OF CONTACT DEVICES OF THE BUBBLING TRAY
Authors: Voinov Nikolai Alexandrovich , Frolov Aleksandr Sergeyevich , Bogatkova Anastasiya Viktorovna , Zemtsov Denis Andreyevich , Zhukova Ol'ga Petrovna
Published: December 2022

The results of a study of hydrodynamics and mass transfer on bubbling-type trays with valve, valve-vortex and vortex contact devices are presented. By means of experimental studies and numerical modeling, the velocity fields of liquid and gas, as well as the structure of the gas-liquid layer on the tray are determined. The dependence of the relative amplitude of fluctuations in the level of the gas-liquid layer on the tray by the gas flow rate when placing various types of contact devices on it is obtained. The average surface diameter of gas bubbles is determined and the mechanism of their accumulation in the liquid on the tray is proposed. The relationship between the velocity of liquid circulation on the plate and the size of gas bubbles entrained by the circulation flow has been confirmed. The pressure drop of the investigated contact devices was measured and the value of the hydraulic resistance coefficient was determined. Experimental data on the intensity of mass transfer and efficiency on tray are presented. Specific fluid flow rates have been established to ensure high efficiency.It is shown that the most efficient, liquid- and gas-carrying capacity is possessed by trays with vortex cantate devices having a low amplitude of oscillation of the gas-liquid layer and a large interfacial surface. This is due to an increase in the energy dissipation of gas jets in the liquid on the tray, the uniform distribution of gas bubbles and the presence of rotational motion of the gas-liquid layer.
ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF HEMICELLULOSES POLYSACCHARIDES OF SCOTS PINE WOOD (PINUS SYLVESTRIS)
Authors: Garyntseva Natal'ya Viktorovna , Levdansky Vladimir Aleksandrovich , Kondrasenko Aleksandr Aleksandrovich , Skripnikov Andrey Mikhaylovich , Kuznetsov Boris Nikolayevich
Published: December 2022

Many natural polysaccharides have biological activity, which allows them to be used to obtain medicines. The development of new methods for the isolation of polysaccharides from plant materials, as well as the study of their properties and structure, is an actual task. In this work the polysaccharide galactoglucomannan (GGM) was isolated from pine wood time by the peroxide delignification in the “acetic acid-water” medium in the presence (NH4)6Mo7O24.Its yield was 10.1 wt.% from the weight of wood and 58.1 wt.% from the content of hemicelluloses in wood. By 13С NMR method it was found that the degree of GGM acetylation is 0.23 with substitution of carbon atoms of the pyranose ring at C2 and C3. According to the X-ray data, GGM has an amorphous supramolecular structure. The polysaccharide gluoxylan (GX) was isolated by alkaline extraction from the cellulose product obtained after peroxide delignification. Its yield was 4.3 wt.%. from wood and 24.5 wt.% from the content of hemicelluloses in wood.Glucoxylan does not contain acetyl groups (data from IR and NMR spectroscopy), it has a crystalline supramolecular structure and is poorly soluble in water. Composition and structure of the obtained polysaccharides were studied using chemical methods of analysis, IR spectroscopy, 1H, 13C, 2D HSQC NMR spectroscopy, gas chromatography, X-ray analysis.
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF MELANINS EXTRACTED FROM LEPTOGIUM FURFURACEUM (HARM.)
Authors: Khabibrakhmanova Venera Ravilevna , Rassabina Anna Evgenievna , Khayrullina Aisylu Faridovna , Minibayeva Farida Vilevna
Published: December 2022

Melanins are universal biopolymers, the main biological function of which is to protect living organisms from adverse factors. Interest in these dark pigments arises due to the prospects for their use in medicine, cosmeceuticals, bioremediation, bioelectronics, and other fields. In this work, a complex scheme was developed to isolate melanins from the lichen Leptogium furfuraceum (Harm.), which is a symbiotic extremophilic organism. Screening of the conditions for the extraction of melanin, its subsequent precipitation and purification made it possible to isolate three samples of melanin with a total yield of 7.5% of the dry matter of the lichen. It was established that all isolated melanins have a polyaromatic structure, they contain carbohydrates and proteins, the content of which, depending on the conditions for melanin isolation, is 7.3–9.9% and 13.5–32.7%, respectively. Among the isolated melanins, melanin, which is a water-soluble fraction of acid-precipitated melanin, displays the highest antioxidant activity. This melanin, unlike other melanins, is almost fully soluble in distilled water, 95% ethanol, 99% dimethyl sulfoxide, and phosphate buffer (pH 7.4). The differences in solubility, antioxidant activity, and chelating capacity of isolated lichen melanins make it possible to determine potential areas for their practical use.
DEVELOPMENT OF METHODS OF STANDARDIZATION OF FLOWERS OF SPREADING MARIGOLD (TAGETES PATULA L.)
Authors: Kurkin Vladimir Aleksandrovich , Saveleva Anna Evgen'evna , Kurkina Anna Vladimirovna
Published: December 2022

The spreading marigold (Tagetes patula L.), the family Aster (Asteraceae), or Composite (Compositae), is a prospective source of flavonoids. The aim of the study is to develop methods of standardization of marigold flowers rejected, consisting in determining the identity of this raw material and the quantitative determination of biologically active compounds. As a result of a comparative chromatographic study, the presence of flavonoids was detected upon detection at a wavelength of 254 and 366 nm and before and after reaction with an alcohol solution of aluminum chloride. The presence of patuletin and patulitrin was confirmed in extracts of different varietal forms of Tagetes patula L.. Using column chromatography on silica gel L 40/100, two flavonoid substances were isolated patuletin (3,5,7,3′,4′-pentahydroxy-6-methoxyflavone) and patulitrin (7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside of 3,5,7,3',4′-pentahydroxy-6-methoxyflavone), which have been identified by UV-, 1H-NMR -, 13C-NMR-spectroscopy and mass spectrometry, as well as acid hydrolysis. In the solvent system chloroform- ethanol-water (26 : 16 : 3) Rf values of patuletin and patulitrin are about 0.7 and 0.4, respectively. It was found that patulitrin is the main flavonoid in the flowers of spreading marigold and determines the character of the absorption curve of the electronic spectra of water-alcohol extraction from this raw material. During the quantitative analysis of the total flavonoids in the flowers of spreading marigold, it is necessary to recalculate the content of active substances to the dominant and diagnostically significant flavonoid patulitrin. It was determined that the content of the total flavonoids in the studied samples of flowers of different varieties of the spreading marigold varies from 4.36±0.02% to 11.71±0.05% (calculated on patulitrin).
A circulação de imagens e a reconfiguração das práticas jornalísticas: reverberações nas redes sociais e alterações de discursos na televisão brasileira
Authors: Marcellino Marcio Kaviski
Published: December 2022

O presente artigo emerge da pergunta de pesquisa de que forma as imagens em circulação nas redes sociais alteram as práticas jornalísticas? A partir disso, o objetivo principal é compreender como o jornalismo se insere e se modifica com a circulação de sentidos nas redes sociais. Para isso, utiliza-se como metodologia o estudo de caso midiatizado para analisar dois casos. O primeiro referente aos protestos do Black Lives Matter e as reverberações do caso no Twitter e no programa “Em Pauta” da GloboNews. O segundo caso observa as eleições presidenciais americanas no ano de 2020 e a coberta da CNN Brasil a partir da circulação de sentidos oriunda do Twitter. O trabalho conta com contribuições teóricas de Ana Paula da Rosa (2016, 2019, 2020); Antônio Fausto Neto (2009, 2015, 2018); José Luiz Braga (2012), entre outros.
Jornalismo e a falta de tempo: como a pressa na produção pode impactar o histórico papel de mediação
Authors: Carneiro Cristine Gerk Pinto
Published: December 2022

O artigo discute os impactos da crise de tempo na produção jornalística, cada vez mais alinhada ao atual fluxo frenético e superficial da internet. Nesse sentido, a falta de investimento da força de trabalho em conteúdos com maior profundidade e contextualização enfraqueceria o histórico papel de mediação jornalística, e sua capacidade de divulgação de informações vinculadas a uma noção de longa duração.  A partir da colaboração teórica de distintos autores que se debruçam sobre o tema, o texto discute como a desaceleração e o distanciamento de um chamado jornalismo declaratório poderiam ser um caminho de reencontro com a história da profissão e em direção a um futuro possível.
Vestígios de uma guerra tripartite e a cobertura jornalística sobre crime e poder na Amazônia
Authors: Temer Ana Carolina Rocha Pessôa , Tuzzo Simone Antoniaci
Published: December 2022

Este texto desenvolve um estudo sobre o material jornalístico veiculado no Brasil e seus ecos em Portugal, sobre os assassinatos do Jornalista Dom Phillips e do indigenista Bruno Pereira. O objetivo é compreender como a imprensa retrata a Amazônia enquanto território de disputas, conflitos e relações de poder. Entende-se que essa situação de guerra pela ocupação da Amazônia também reflete aspectos do Governo Bolsonaro, cujos resultados implicam na exploração irregular dos recursos naturais; tráfico de drogas; desassistência dos povos originais e existência de conflitos armados. Em termos metodológicos apresenta uma pesquisa qualitativa; com amostra classificada como aleatória por conveniência e análise de discurso crítica. A conclusão nos mostra que a guerra armada pela ocupação da Amazônia está em processo, sendo reinterpretada pelas tensões que marcam a relação entre a política e o jornalismo no Brasil, e pela dramaticidade das coberturas jornalísticas.
Da tela ao celular: a captação de imagens no telejornalismo e as mudanças impostas com a pandemia de Covid -19
Authors: Sousa Bernadete Coelho de
Published: December 2022

Este artigo apresenta uma discussão sobre a evolução na forma de captar imagens no telejornalismo ao longo dos anos. Vários fatores, entre eles os avanços tecnológicos, fizeram a captação de imagem mudar e se adaptar a novas normas, que eventualmente se inserem nos manuais de telejornalismo usados na academia. Essa relação ganha uma nova variável em função da pandemia do novo coronavírus. As emissoras e os jornalistas tiveram que se adequar a nova realidade de estar longe do entrevistado e sem o domínio de planos enquadramento, iluminação e uso microfone. As narrativas, já atravessada por novas pautas também sofre mudanças no uso das imagens. A janela aberta para o mundo se expande e encolhe diante das novas possibilidades.
The Tourist Demand from the Perspective of Motivation and Satisfaction around Gastronomy: The Case of Olón, Ecuador
Authors: VILLAGÓMEZ-BUELE César , CARVACHE-FRANCO Mauricio , CARVACHE-FRANCO Orly , CARVACHE-FRANCO Wilmer , RAMÓN-CASAL Tito , HOLGUÍN-IBARRA Irene
Published: December 2022

Gastronomy has become a determining factor in the development of many tourist destinations; hence, its motivations greatly influence on satisfaction. This study will determine the satisfaction of diners through the offer segmented according to the preferences of food consumption. The empirical study was carried out in Olón, which is part of The Spondylus route that runs from south to north the Ecuadorian coast, where tourist attractions of sun and beach are appreciated. This study aims to investigate the tourist demand, through a mixed methodology, using interviews and surveys, to understand the gastronomic tourism reality of the location, and present an intellectual contribution that serves as the basis for future research. Among the most outstanding results, it was observed that large groups of families and friends visited the beach during weekends, with the intention of trying local foods to satisfy their trip. As Gastronomic Tourism grows, it is important to understand the tourist motivations and satisfaction to improve each segment service offering. This research shows original results of the motivation and satisfaction of the demand for gastronomic tourism, based in the commune of Olón that crosses the Spondylus Route in Ecuador. According to visitors, the hospitality and quality of the dishes were of vital importance, and both the ceviche and the seafood rice proved to be indispensable dishes. Finally, the satisfaction of the demand for gastronomy reached a medium-high acceptance, which represents opportunities to improve the visitor experience.
The Effectiveness of Attractions in Increasing the Visits of Tourists in Samosir, North Sumatera
Authors: REVIDA Erika , ISMAIL Rizabuana , LUMBANRAJA Prihatin , TRIMURNI Februati , SEMBIRING Sri Alem Br , PURBA Sukarman
Published: December 2022

This research aims to analyse the effectiveness of attractions in increasing the visits of tourists. This research used quantitative. The research population was the communities of tourist villages, and the tourists who came to visit Samosir, North Sumatera, while the research samples were 50 people taken by random sampling technique. The techniques of research data collection were documentation studies, questionnaires, observations and interviews. The data analysis technique used is simple linear regression. The results of the study conclude that there was a positive and significant contribution between the effectiveness of attractions on the visits of tourists in the tourism village of Samosir, North Sumatera. Suggestions for this research need to increase the quantity and quality of attractions based on Batak culture periodically and continuously such as festivals of songs, dances and Batak cultural arts so that they attract tourists to visit in Samosir, North Sumatera.
Some Insights Concerning the Halal Tourism Research. A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: MAS’UD Riduan , SYAMSURRIJAL M.
Published: December 2022

Halal tourism has become one of the topic issues that have a level of popularity among researchers in the scientific articles published in journals indexed in the Scopus database. This research study uses a bibliometric design analysis to map some insights related to the halal tourism by evaluating articles that have been published in journals indexed in Scopus database. Furthermore, data mining (knowledge discovery) techniques are used to analyze the titles and abstracts of 127 Scopus indexed journals that have been saved in the form of a CSV file. Finally, three analyzes are produced in this study: network visualization analysis, overlay visualization, and density visualization.

This study's results indicate a significantly increased of articles on halal tourism, especially in the Islamic marketing journals. Also, the main outputs obtained though this bibliometric research related to the halal tourism, reveal which is the most popular authors, which is the most cited articles, which is the country with most publications, which is the research domain most approached. In the same manner is underline which is less approached practices, i.e. , halal tourism from the perspective of Islamic law, etc.
Proposing Three Potential-Interest Development Paradigm as the Local People Involvement Strategy for Tourism Destination Sustainability in Indonesia
Authors: GIYOTO Giyoto , INDERASARI Elen , LESTARI Sri , NURJANAH Hidayatul , PRAYITNO Harun Joko , SALAM Amri Adi Nur
Published: December 2022

This paper proposing the destination development paradigm based on the blend among the different potential interests of nature, physical cultural products, and local beliefs in a single destination. This blend governs the way how the management, visitors, local people should do in order to keep the sustainability and local people empowering. This paradigm was proved in Lombok and Java Indonesia which have engaged double different potential interests in a single destination along hundreds years. The research was done qualitatively, by interviewing the purposive respondents to confirm the open questionnaires relating the participations and responses of the local people or communities. The 137 purposive samples are based on their engagements in the tourism. The results show that: 1) the most sustaining interests are the blend of interests among the local beliefs, the nature, and physical cultural products; 2) the development paradigm of Sunan Kudus in Java is Bipots, while Sembalun, Bayan in Lombok and Muria in Java has Tripots development paradigm; 3) The management are involving local people daily activities, local communities and agents, as well as visitors in developing the destination; 4) The high positive responses of the local people, through which the interests are their daily concerns, support in sustaining the destinations, which are intersecting the three different potential interests; proposed as Tripots Paradigm.
Hotel Recovery Post Pandemic: Is Rebranding Required?
Authors: ERNAWATI Ni Made , VODĂ Mihai , JENDRA I Wayan , TANTRI Gusti Ayu Diah , AVRAM Eleonora Laura
Published: December 2022

For hotel business to survive during COVID-19 Pandemic requires to conduct major adjustment in almost all aspects of operation. This qualitative study was conducted to assess the operation adjustment that may affect the hotel brand. Data was gathered from respondents comprising managers and decision-makers of 5-to-3-star hotels in Bali, Indonesia that remain open during the pandemic, using online survey and interview.

The results show that during the pandemic, hotels have made major operation adjustment to survive; whilst, maintaining the same quality standard, applying meticulous CHSE (Cleanliness Health Safety Environment) protocol, and keeping the customers informed through online promotion platforms regarding the hotel’s condition being ready to host guests. The adjustment made includes reducing operation cost, shifting target market into domestic market to maintain cash flow to cover operation, adjusting the rate and prices to adapt the weaker customer’s buying power, applying flexible booking and refund conditions, human resource policy and planning rearrangement, reducing the quantity of room offered and menu list items in Food and Beverage outlets. The hotel business resilient was owned to the professionalism of hoteliers, thus hotel rebranding is not required as the quality of the products offered is the same with those before the pandemic; at post-pandemic, it would be simply sifting the target market back to pre-pandemic.
Influencing Factors for Employability of University Graduates in the Tourism Industry
Authors: OMARKHANOVA Zhibek , BESPAEV Murat , MUKHAMBETOVA Zamira , MUSSINA Raushan , KUNAFINA Gulzhan , RYSMAGANBETOVA Anargul
Published: December 2022

The employability of graduates is a vital aspect for both higher education institutions and the graduates themselves. In order to study the factors influencing the employability of graduates, attention should be paid to the human factor in the educational environment and its impact on the development of the tourism industry. This article aims to description the factors of competitiveness of university graduates in the labor market and their influences on the tourism industry. Background research is devoted to the study of various aspects of social competition and competitiveness, allowing to the authors highlight the factors that indicate the need of a university graduate to be competitive induced by the internal need for competitiveness of graduates in the labor market of tourism.
Community-Based Agritourism: A Qualitative Research of the Impacts, Opportunities, and Constraints in a Tourist Village
Authors: SAEPUDIN Pudin , PUTRA Fajar Kusnadi Kusumah , HERNOWO Andre , MAEMUNAH Ita , DIANAWATI Nenden
Published: December 2022

This research aims to determine the motivation for the community-based agritourism activities in the tourist village. This research was conducted qualitatively using structured in-depth interviews with twelve key participants, which include the tourist village managers, village heads, farmers, culinary and agricultural product entrepreneurs, and tour guides. The findings showed six dimensions of community-based agritourism which are economic impact, environmental conservation, learning activities, sociocultural preservation, stakeholder participation, and marketing promotion. Some obstacles found for the implementation of community-based agritourism include changes in mindset and lifestyle, inequality of opportunity, and lack of professional staff to conduct tourism activities. According to the participants there are several aspects need to be improved, including local tourism management, financial support, development of tourism-supporting infrastructure, and training for communities involved in tourism activities. This study found that agritourism has economic benefits for local stakeholders, encourage nature conservation, and encourage more local community participation. The Agritourism activities has strengthen the local community in managing tourism using their daily main activity which is farming. This research has limitations from the perspective of the external environment of the tourist villages, such as the government, tourists and residents, and tourism business partners. Therefore, further research can be conducted by taking the opinions of the government representatives, tourists, residents, and tourism business partners.
New Practices of Tourism Industry as Effects of Development of the Agricultural Land Market
Authors: KULMAGANBETOVA Aisulu , RUSTEMBAEV Bazarkhan , MISNIK Olessya , BAYARLIN Almaz , RAMAZANOVA Shynar , BEKTENOV Samat
Published: December 2022

The aim of this study is to identify and analyze new practice of the tourism industry which are in deep relation with the agricultural land market. The development of the agricultural land market causes an intensification of its role in the tourism industry, contributing also to the enhancement of other tourism sub-sectors, such as eco-agricultural tourism, rural tourism, eco-tourism, forest tourism industry, so it is a good reason to boost the need to establish a positive relationship between these two different types of land use. The tourism industry provides 10% of the turnover of the production and service market of the planet through the national product, investments, consumer spending, tax revenues and the organization of new jobs. This is facilitated by natural resources of each country, their hospitality, cultural and ethnic diversity, their individual tourist infrastructure with their burden of change and improvement within each country. Kazakhstan is rich in natural resources, has huge agricultural areas with a full range of agricultural destinations but also for other kind of activities which that can generate income, such are tourism activities
The Urgency of Health Insurance Literacy for Indonesian People: Between Smoking and Paying JKN Premium
Authors: Sitohang Marya Yenita , Ghani Mochammad Wahyu
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Declining the rates of smoking among the poor still becomes a challenge for the health sector. Ideally, they can use the money for smoking to pay for their family health insurance premium. This research aimed to analyze how the poor in the informal sector perceived the payment of National Health Insurance (NHI/ JKN) using the cigarette cost.Methods: Data were collected from focus group discussions (FGD) in three different locations, Deli Serdang, Sumedang Districts and Medan City. Thirty-three informal sector workers with low financial capabilities participated in these FGDs. Health Belief Model was used as the framework for analyzing the data and information. Data analysis was conducted through the content analysis method.Results: The finding showed that poor people who work in the informal sector gave two different responses regarding the use of cigarette costs for paying the NHI/JKN program premium. The respondents had already an excellent perceived susceptibility and severity both on smoking habits and their low finance condition. They believed that the NHI/JKN benefit was to protect them financially if their family members need medical treatment. However, they had low self-efficacy and high perceived barriers that hinder them from replacing the money for buying cigarettes into paying for NHI/JKN premium.Conclusion: An approach to the poor people in the informal sector within their local context, is urgently needed to increase their health insurance literacy and knowledge about smoking.
Analysis of Planning and Drug Procurement at Kragan II Public Health Center during Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Maulidiyyah Fitrotul , Rahardjo Bambang Budi
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Based on the results of a preliminary study at the Kragan II Health Center, Kragan District, Rembang Regency, it was found that problems in drug procurement activities were located on the Large Pharmaceutical Trader or Pedagang Besar Farmasi (PBF). In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has also affected the budget cuts for the procurement of drugs at the Kragan II Health Center.Methods: This research was descriptive qualitative research. Data collection techniques use in-depth interviews and observation techniques. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling and data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model.Results: The results showed that the process of planning and supplying drugs at the Kragan II Health Center had not gone well even though the indicators in Regulation of the Minister of Health Number 74 of 2016 of the Republic of Indonesia had been realized. The process of planning and procuring drugs at the Kragan II Health Center (Puskesmas) experienced problems in the field of funding for the procurement of drugs due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Another problem is the PBF whose response is slow and the drugs distributed are not following what was ordered by the pharmacist.Conclusion: Regarding debts with PBF, pharmacists are advised to discuss with the Head of the Kragan II Health Center regarding budget priorities during the COVID-19 pandemic to immediately pay off debts with PBF so that pharmacists can procure with PBF again. Therefore, drug services to patients can run well.
The Relationship of Energy and Macro nutrient Intake on Fatigue Levels of Female Workers at The Bandarharjo Fish Smoking Center, Semarang City
Authors: Silitonga Steward Febrianto , Suyatno Suyatno , Asna Alfi Fairuz , Kartasurya Martha Irene
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Inadequate intake of energy and macronutrients causes a decrease in an individual's ability to carry out his work activities and makes him feel tired or tired more easily. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between energy adequacy level (EAL) and protein adequacy level (PAL) as well as the percentage of carbohydrate intake and the percentage of fat intake with the fatigue level of female workers.Methods: This research is an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design. The population in this study were 67 female workers at the Bandarharjo Fish Smoking Center, Semarang City. Research subjects were selected by purposive sampling of 40 subjects, based on inclusion criteria. EAL, PAL data were collected, as well as the percentage of carbohydrate and fat intake obtained through interviews using a 2x24 hour food recall form. Data analysis was performed by Pearson Product Moment correlation test on normally distributed data and Ranks Spearman correlation test on non-normally distributed data.Results: The results showed that the average EAL was 86,6 (±26,3)% energy requirement/day, PAL was 64,5 (±23,5)% protein requirement/day, the percentage of carbohydrate intake was 51,5 (±7,6)% energy intake/day, and the percentage of fat intake was 34,7 (±8,6)% energy intake/day, and the level of work fatigue with an average reaction time of 429,7 (±121,9) milliseconds. There was no relationship between EAL (r=0,127 and p=0,435), PAL (r=0,159 and p=0,327), percentage of carbohydrate intake (r=0,036 and p=0,825), and percentage of fat intake (r=-0,088 and p = 0,590) with the level of work fatigue.Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is no relationship between EAL, PAL, and the percentage of carbohydrate and fat intake with the level of work fatigue in female workers in the Bandarharjo Fish Smoking Center, Semarang City.
Instruments for diagnostic and treatment purposes from the la Tène period in Central Europe.
Authors: Burešová Lucie
Published: December 2022

Sources of knowledge of treatment practices in the La Tène period in Central Europe are limited. Archaeologists very often classify findings on the basis of their personal opinions which are not substantiated by evidence. The theories that have been proposed so far are not widely accepted by the academics. Artefacts that are expected to be used for diagnostics and treatment are not usually chosen to deduce the form and processes of therapeutic practice in the La Tène period. The main issue of the topic is the possibility to distinguish between tools for therapeutic procedures and artefacts created for other purposes. However, there is also the question of whether it is possible to distinguish between tools originating from Central Europe and tools originating in the Roman or Greek environment, artefacts which originated in the studied period from medieval or modern objects, and the real artefacts, for which there are no suitable analogies, from counterfeits created in the 18th‒19th centuries. For this purpose, specific debatable sets of artefacts are used. The goal of the research is to clarify the real purpose of the examined artefacts, for which it was previously proposed that they were used for therapy or diagnostics in the La Tène period. The results of the review and analysis of the artefacts have their explanatory ability about the state of practice in the studied geographical area.
Use-wear analysis of copper-alloy artifacts. A window of opportunity or a dead end?
Authors: Kasprowicz Marcin
Published: December 2022

A world seen through the lenses of a microscope can lead to exceptional discoveries. Regarding archaeology, it can grant us knowledge about the possible usage of certain artifacts in the past. Previously unrecognized and unclassified fragments of flint and bone can be reinterpreted as a completely different item. Throughout the years there were a small few astounding scientist who laid foundations and improved on this part of archaeology. In this already tight-knit group of researchers there is an even smaller group of people who are interested in applying use-wear analysis to copper-alloy artifacts. It is quite a different approach. You still look for signs of usage or any other traces but the difference in material and overall structure of an artifact makes for quite a difficult task. The multiple issues and setbacks such as corrosion, acidity of the soil, the composition of alloys, conservation or simple mismanagement of an artifact can lead to a lot of misleading conclusions. Despite all those problem you can still gather data from use-wear analysis on metal. But can it be used in forming any sort of narrative or is just a “collection of pretty pictures”?
Distinct urinary progesterone metabolite profiles during the luteal phase
Authors: Abdullah Saman , Bouchard Thomas , Leiva René , Boehringer Hans , Iwaz Jean , Ecochard René
Published: December 2022

Objectives

During normal menstrual cycles, serum levels of progesterone vary widely between cycles of same woman and between women. This study investigated the profiles of pregnanediol during the luteal phase.

Methods

Data stemmed from a previous multicenter prospective observational study and concerned 107 women (who contributed 326 menstrual cycles). The study analyzed changes in observed cervical mucus discharge, various hormones in first morning urine, and serum progesterone. Transvaginal ultrasonography and cervical mucus helped identifying the day of ovulation. Changes in pregnanediol glucuronide levels during the luteal phase were examined and classified according to the length of that phase, a location parameter, and a scale parameter. Associations between nine pregnanediol glucuronide profiles and other hormone profiles were examined.

Results

Low periovulatory pregnanediol glucuronide levels and low periovulatory luteinizing hormone levels were associated with delayed increases in pregnanediol glucuronide after ovulation. That ‘delayed increase profile’ was more frequently associated with cycles with prolonged high LH levels than in cycles with rapid pregnanediol glucuronide increases. A ‘plateau-like profile’ during the luteal phase was associated with longer cycles, cycles with higher estrone-3-glucuronide and pregnanediol glucuronide during the preovulatory phase, and cycles with higher periovulatory pregnanediol glucuronide levels.

Conclusions

Distinct profiles of urinary progesterone levels are displayed during the luteal phase. These profiles relate to early hormone changes during the menstrual cycle. In everyday clinical practice, these findings provide further evidence for recommending progesterone test seven days after the mucus peak day. The search for other correlations and associations is underway.
The linguistic realization of focus in Uyghur: can the two focusing strategies be used interchangeably?
Authors: Çetinkaya Emre
Published: December 2022

Focus is a universal category of information structure. However, focus is encoded by different focus marking strategies in world languages such as prosodic, morphological, or syntactic marking. In addition to the cross-linguistic perspective distinctions, one-to-one mapping is not observed in the coding of focus in individual languages. In contrast to the view that argues there is one-to-one mapping between focus and immediately preverbal position in Uyghur, this paper will argue that in-situ focus is also possible. In other words, it will be claimed that there are two focusing devices in Uyghur, syntactic and prosodic. The two focusing strategies can be used interchangeably, with some limitations in the distribution of non-focal elements, and these can encode different pragmatic focus subtypes.
Imported tableware and socio-cultural change in the urban community: The case of early modern Vilnius
Authors: Urbonaitė-Ubė Miglė
Published: December 2022

The period from the 16th to the 17th century is known for changes in material culture, especially in dining traditions, as different tableware appeared, replacing the dominant pottery of the medieval period. New types of technologically and functionally advanced vessels and dishes including Dutch and Italian tin-glazed earthenware, German stoneware, and a variety of slipwares were changing dining traditions across Europe. All this can be observed from the archaeological material uncovered in what is today Vilnius old town. Tableware from both western European and Ottoman manufacturers was found during archaeological excavations in Vilnius. Compared to the Middle Ages, the total number of imported wares increased significantly. Medieval tableware was very rare in Vilnius and available exclusively to individuals of high social classes but during the early modern period the situation changed. Imported pottery of the 16th and 17th centuries showed that inhabitants of the town were influenced by western dining traditions and usage of imported tableware in their everyday rituals had grown significantly. Focusing on this change traced from Vilnius old town archaeological material, the paper will examine whether imports
were available to the representatives of specific social classes or were widely known to the town’s community. Imported tableware as a marker of urban lifestyles suggests that town dwellers, especially noble families, monks and nuns used a variety of imported tableware. This fact represents that dining practices anchored into early modern Vilnius society and changed traditional dining practices.
Metal spoons of the 14th-18th centuries from the archaeology collection of the National Museum of Lithuania: Typology, chronology and provenance
Authors: Ardavičiūtė-Ramanauskienė Skaistė
Published: December 2022

Metal spoons from archaeological excavations in Lithuania are a rare find. Therefore, no research has been done on their shape, chronology or provenance. The aim of this article is to identify what types of metal spoons were owned by the residents of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, whether the spoons were imported or produced locally, and whether the western European spoon trends had any influence on the material culture of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Only 19 spoons from the archaeology collection of the National Museum of Lithuania are attributed to the 14th–18th centuries. A morphological typology based on the spoons’ finials and handles was chosen in the current study. The first type is a spoon with a hexagonal ball finial from the second half of the 14th century. The other five types of spoons, from the second half of the 16th century and the 17th century, are characterised by a strawberry-shaped finial, an apostle figure, a twisted handle, a flat handle, and a hexagonal handle, respectively. The last type — a spoon with a rounded top — belongs to the end of the 17th century and the18th century. The spoon types and their chronology correspond to the types of spoons produced in northern, western and central Europe during the same period. This indicates that residents of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania not only followed the trends of the European cutlery fashion but also reacted promptly to changes. Although there is insufficient data to say with certainty whether non-precious metal spoons were produced in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, it can be shown at least that the goldsmiths there produced silver
spoons which were popular in the region at the time.
Prehistoric settlements and rivers in the Lithuanian coastal area in the Early Holocene
Authors: Žulkus Vladas , Dobrotin Nikita
Published: December 2022

The search for sites inhabited by humans of the Late Palaeolithic to Mesolithic period on the coasts of Lithuania is closely related to the coastal and underwater relicts of the Early Holocene and palaeo-watercourses. This article presents the results of coastal, underwater and seismic seabed surveys. The estuaries of the rivers of the Late Mesolithic period could have been at the present seabed level at a depth of 30 m or even deeper. The watercourse sites of the Littorina Sea stage are in shallow coastal waters. At the latitude of Šventoji, Palanga, Klaipėda, Juodkrantė and the area of the Nemunas palaeo-estuary, the seabed was explored with side-scan sonar and by diving. An artefact from the Early Neolithic period has been found in the coastal area next to Klaipėda, and underwater, at a depth of 14.5 m, a relict tree stump has been detected. Two sites at a depth of 10–12 m can be associated with the relict Danė watercourse containing the preserved fragments of relict landscapes. During marine seismic survey, the probable Smeltalė River palaeo-watercourse was detected, and three sites of the former watercourses found to the south of Klaipėda could be the traces of the Dreverna palaeo-river estuary. This area has good prospects as regards the search for Early Mesolithic period settlements. The underwater survey showed no traces of human activity. A further search for the Stone Age sites would be more promising in locations where palaeo-landscapes have survived adjacent to the palaeo-watercourses.
Jurgio Ambraziejaus Pabrėžos biblioteka: medicinos ir farmacijos knygų rinkinys | Jurgis Ambraziejus Pabrėža’s Library: A Collection of Medical and Pharmaceutical Books
Authors: Raudytė Nijolė
Published: December 2022

The Franciscan priest Jurgis Ambraziejus Pabrėža (1771–1849) spent most of his life in the western part of the Russian Empire, in Žemaitija (Samogitia), which was annexed by Russia in 1795 during the Third Partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. In addition to being a renowned preacher and educator, Pabrėža is considered to be the founder of Lithuanian botanical terminology (still used today), and he is also known as a folk healer and a bibliophile. In many ways, Pabreža’s collection of books is an interesting personal library from the time, representing Franciscan book culture. Based on surviving books and archival sources, the article examines the motivation behind the accumulation of the medical and pharmaceutical collection in Pabrėža’s personal library, analyses the sources of the collection, the composition and subject matter, and the dispersal and migration, and discusses the results of the historical-bibliographical reconstruction of the unpublished part. His healing practice and the preparation of theoretical educational works on health care became the main motives for Pabrėža to collect books on medicine and pharmacy. This was a response to the needs of the poor inhabitants of Žemaitija. In Tsarist Russia, many people, especially ordinary rural people, did not have access to public health-care services or pharmacists. Pabreža devoted a large part of his life to the practice of medicine, making it more accessible to socially at risk members of society.
Janina Bortkiewicz and Public Hygiene Education in Popular Magazines Published in Vilnius, 1930–1939
Authors: Žalnora Aistis
Published: December 2022

Because General Żeligowski’s troops occupied Vilnius in the autumn of 1920 and Poland annexed it two years later, the health-care system that operated in Poland at the time began to be introduced in the city and the region. The official guidelines for health policy in Poland derived from the concept of hygiene proposed by Tomasz Janiszewski, the founder of the health system in the country, which focused on social hygiene. Universities played an advisory role in the Polish health system and were involved in educating the public on hygiene issues. In interwar Vilnius, the most prominent figure in this field was Janina Bortkiewicz-Rodziewiczowa, a researcher and senior assistant in the Department of Hygiene of the Faculty of Medicine at Stephen Bathory University. This article analyses her publications aimed at promoting science. It examines the means by which Bortkiewicz-Rodziewiczowa conveyed specific medical knowledge to a lay audience. It also discusses what topics she emphasised most and what reasons led to her choices, and how this correlated with priorities in medical science and health policy at that time. Finally, it touches on an interesting practical aspect, namely what public education strategies applied at the time can still be applied today.
Cholera „limpamų ligų“ kontekste: prevencijos ir gydymo rekomendacijos Lietuvoje XX amžiaus pirmojoje pusėje | Communicable Diseases in Early 20th-Century Lithuania: Recommendations for the Prevention of Cholera in its Treatment
Authors: Skujytė-Razmienė Asta
Published: December 2022

The press (books, newspapers, magazines, calendars, etc) in the Lithuanian language educated its readers extensively on the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in the early 20th century. However, the frequent outbreaks of various epidemics from the 1900s to the 1930s raises the question whether this information really reached its target audience, especially when, as folklore sources show, folk medicine was still heavily relied on in the provinces. The article addresses this question by taking cholera as an example. It compares the methods of protection against cholera and its treatment, as presented in Lithuanian periodicals and professional publications, with narratives of folk medicine collected in archives. In the collected material, the author looks for definitions of the folk concept of communicable diseases (limpamos ligos, the name given to infectious diseases at the time), which may have influenced the limits to which people followed the recommendations of medics in the first half of the 20th century.
MIKELIS ŠAPALAS (1827–1884) – SURINKIMININKŲ HIMNODIJOS KŪRĖJAS
Authors: Strungytė-Liugienė Inga
Published: December 2022

Mikelis Šapalas (1827-1884), a teacher in Lankupiai and a Prussian-Lithuanian literary figure, edited a small collection of hymns called Naujos nobaʒnos Giesmes (New Devotional Hymns), which was published 1860 in Memel (Klaipėda) at the Vaikinis printing house. The aim of this article is to expand on the repertoire of Šapalas’ hymn book, and to consider the reasons for the choice of hymns, the extent to which the repertoire was influenced by the activities of the missions organised by the Protestants, and the social issues of the time. The article also seeks to show the importance of the collection to later hymnody works.
UKRAINIEČIŲ MUZIKINIO FOLKLORO ĮRAŠAI LIETUVOJE IR JŲ YPATYBĖS
Authors: Pšeničkina Halyna
Published: December 2022

ge group of professional scientists and local ethno-culture preservation enthusiasts. The collected audio and video material is transferred to the most famous folklore archives in Kyiv, Lviv and Dnipro, and to regional cultural heritage protection institutions. It is a time-consuming process which is not always carried out systematically and consistently. In February 2022, the hostilities launched by the Russo-fascists in Ukraine fundamentally changed the specifics of this work. In these difficult conditions, it is necessary to look for opportunities urgently to transfer the mentioned recordings of ethnographic material, or copies of them, for storage in similar secure foreign archives. The article provides information about the author’s personal recordings of Ukrainian folklore, their scope, preservation possibilities, and the prospects for their documentation and research in Vilnius, in the archive of the Department of Folklore of the Institute of Lithuanian Literature and Folklore.