bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nanoparticle-based immunosensors for enhanced DNA analysis in oral cancer: A systematic review
Authors: Gupta Neha , Bhargava Ankur , Saigal Sonal , Mehta Vini
Published: July 2024

To investigate the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of nanoparticle (NP)-based immunosensors in the field of oral cancer. PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases were explored for NP applications in oral cancer. Data extraction in terms and quality assessment of all the articles were done. Out of 147, 17 articles were included in this review. A majority of the studies showed improved sensitivity and specificity for saliva analysis using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on gold NPs, improving early identification. Additionally, novel therapeutic approaches, utilising NP-based immunosensors, demonstrated targeted drug delivery, coupled chemo-photothermal therapy, and gene silencing. Imaging methods have made it possible to distinguish between malignant and healthy states, such as surface-enhanced Raman scattering and optical coherence tomography. The reviews’ findings highlight the transformational potential of NP-based immunosensors in addressing the difficulties associated with diagnosing and treating oral cancer. However, for an accurate interpretation and application of NP-based solutions in clinical practise, it is essential to be thoroughly aware of the intricacies involved, and the synthesised data in this review support the continued investigation and improvement of NP-based therapies in the ongoing effort to improve the management of oral cancer.
Risk stratification of submandibular salivary gland involvement in oral squamous cell carcinoma based on histopathological parameters: A 15-year retrospective study
Authors: Srinivasan Samyukta , Balasubramaniam Arthi
Published: July 2024

Objective:

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) represents about 90% of all oral malignancies. The study aimed to assess the involvement of the submandibular salivary gland (SMG) in oral SCC (OSCC) patients and the need for SMG excision.

Materials and Methods:

Demographics, clinical information and staging of the 210 patients undergoing surgery for OSCC were obtained from the department records. The histopathological slides were retrospectively reviewed. The nodal status was also verified with the histopathology reports. Frequency distribution, Chi-square association, ordinal logistic regression analysis and Kaplan–Meier analysis were performed.

Results:

SMG was excised in 171 patients. Five patients had SMG involvement. Buccal mucosa (BM) and gingivobuccal sulcus had a greater risk of level IB metastases (P < 0.01). Pattern 3 and pattern 4 of invasion had a higher risk of level IB metastases (P = 0.04). Depth of invasion (DOI) >4 mm was associated with level IB lymph node (LN) involvement (P = 0.0001). DOI >4 mm to 8 mm had 3.7 times the risk and a DOI >8 mm to 12 mm had 5 times the risk of level IB metastases. Pattern of invasion (POI), tumour budding and DOI >4 mm were significant prognosticators for patient survival.

Conclusion:

Histologically, patients may be categorised as ‘high risk’: those with an increased risk of level IB LN involvement and ‘low risk’: those at low risk for level IB involvement with the help of POI, tumour budding and DOI as risk factors. In low-risk patients, SMG may be spared and the level IB LNs are dissected. High-risk patients may be chosen as candidates for SMG transfer or excision based on the extent of LN involvement.
Oral squamous cell carcinoma: A 26 years institutional cross-sectional study
Authors: Ghatage Dipak D , Kendre Ashwini G , Palve Devendra H , Dhobley Akshay , Ghodichor Divya , Lakawath Akhil
Published: July 2024

Context:

The variance in the prevalence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) around the world has been associated with a number of sociocultural traits, significant regional variations in risk factors, variations in data gathering, and the degree of health service development in different populations. Here, we undertake a 26 years institutional review and analysis of OSCC cases.

Aim:

To evaluate and analyse 26 years Institutional Data of OSCC.

Settings and Design:

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology’s archives, Government Dental College and Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, and observational cross-sectional study.

Methods and Material:

This study examines instances of OSCC that were histologically diagnosed between 1997 and 2022. All information pertaining to cases of OSCC was obtained from the departmental archives.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Data tabulated and then subjected to descriptive statistical analysis with the SPSS statistical software.

Results:

The total number of the patients included 1508 (69.6%) males and 660 (30.4%) females, whose age ranged from the second decade to the tenth decade of life with a mean age of 55.5 years with a range of 20–91 years. The incidence was the highest in the fifth and sixth decades (n = 603, 27.8% and n = 572, 26.4%), respectively. The left buccal mucosa recorded the maximum number of cases (left buccal mucosa 559, 25.8%). There were 1405 (64.8%) cases of well-differentiated SCC, 301 (13.9%) cases of moderately differentiated SCC, and 51 (2.4%) cases of poorly differentiated SCC.

Conclusions:

The overall incidence and prevalence of OSCC can be estimated using baseline epidemiological data from our institution.
Narrative review on artificially intelligent olfaction in halitosis
Authors: Mathur Ankita , Mehta Vini , Obulareddy Vishnu T. , Kumar Praveen
Published: July 2024

Halitosis, commonly known as oral malodor, is a multifactorial health concern that significantly impacts the psychological and social well-being of individuals. It is the third most frequent reason for individuals to seek dental treatment, after dental caries and periodontal diseases. For an in-depth exploration of the topic of halitosis, an extensive literature review was conducted. The review focused on articles published in peer-reviewed journals and only those written in the English language were considered. The search for relevant literature began by employing subject headings such as ‘halitosis, oral malodor, volatile sulfur compounds, artificial intelligence, and olfaction’ in databases such as PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and EMBASE. Additionally, a thorough hand search of references was conducted to ensure the comprehensiveness of the review. After amalgamating the search outcomes, a comprehensive analysis revealed the existence of precisely 134 full-text articles that bore relevance to the study. Abstracts and editorial letters were excluded from this study, and almost 50% of the full-text articles were deemed immaterial to dental practice. Out of the remaining articles, precisely 54 full-text articles were employed in this review. As primary healthcare providers, dentists are responsible for diagnosing and treating oral issues that may contribute to the development of halitosis. To effectively manage this condition, dentists must educate their patients about the underlying causes of halitosis, as well as proper oral hygiene practices such as tongue cleaning, flossing, and selecting appropriate mouthwash and toothpaste. This narrative review summarises all possible AI olfaction in halitosis.
Gender determination using mandibular intercanine distance and mesiodistal width of right mandibular molar
Authors: Krishnan Reshma Poothakulath , Srivatchava S , Yuvaraj Ashna , Pandiar Deepak
Published: July 2024

Background:

Forensic odontology plays an important role in mass disasters, house fires, criminal deaths, identification of missing persons, and child abuse cases. Teeth are the most stable part of the human body and are resistant to thermal, mechanical, and chemical insults. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of mandibular intercanine distance and mesiodistal width of mandibular first molar in gender determination.

Materials and Methods:

The study comprised 100 participants (50 males and 50 females) in the age group of 18–23 years. The mandibular impressions were made, and casts were prepared using dental stone. The intercanine distance and mesiodistal width of the right mandibular first molar were measured using digital vernier callipers. The data obtained was statistically analysed using SPSS software version 23.

Results:

The mean mandibular intercanine distance was found to be 27.2 ± 2.3 in males and 25.94 ± 1.76 in females (P = 0.03). There was no statistical difference in the mesiodistal width of the mandibular molar between males and females (P = 0.166). However, the mean mesiodistal width of males was higher when compared to females.

Conclusion:

Males have a greater intercanine width and mesiodistal dimension when compared to females. This result will be helpful in forensic medicine, anthropology, orthodontic treatments, and clinical dentistry.
Salivary duct carcinoma in the submandibular gland: A rare case report with differential diagnosis
Authors: Muthu Geerthanaa , Thankappan Prasanth , Angelin D , Franklin R
Published: July 2024

Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is a rare and highly aggressive malignant salivary gland neoplasm, accounting for only 0.2% of salivary gland tumours. It predominantly affects the parotid gland and represents a significant concern with limited prevalence (1–1.2 individuals per million). We present a case of a 65-year-old female patient with a clinical history of swelling and pain in the right lower jaw region for six months. Diagnostic investigations revealed a well-defined submandibular gland lesion. Subsequent histopathological and immunohistochemical findings confirmed the lesion to be SDC. This case report emphasises the challenges in diagnosing this aggressive malignancy, which stems from its rarity and resemblance to other neoplasms. It is worth noting that the involvement of the submandibular gland is observed in a mere 12% of SDC cases, while females account for only 25% of the reported instances.
Vestibular Schwannoma in a paediatric case—A rare entity
Authors: Augustine Jeyaseelan , Urs Aadithya B. , Singh Kuldeep , Gupta Sunita
Published: July 2024

Neurilemmoma, also known as Schwannoma, is a benign, slow-growing, encapsulated neoplasm that arises from Schwann cells of the peripheral nerve sheath. Although it is extremely rare, it affects the head and neck region in roughly 25–45% of all cases. Intraorally, the tongue is the most common site and is rarely involves vestibular mucosa. Here, we report a rare case of Schwannoma of vestibular mucosa in a 13-year-old girl and contribute a review to the current literature. Clinically, based on age, site, and appearance, a diagnosis of a benign tumour such as lipoma, fibroma, neurofibroma, and benign lesions of salivary glands was made. An excisional biopsy showed solely Antoni type A tissue with central acellular eosinophilic Verocay bodies surrounded by spindle-shaped neurilemma cells arranged compactly with wavy, twisted nuclei arranged in a palisaded manner. The patient was recurrence-free after 6 months. Hence, this case is of interest due to its rarity in terms of age, site, and histopathology (Antoni type A neurilemmoma) for a presumed initial diagnosis. Here, we also hypothesize regarding the type of growth pattern in the earlier diagnosed cases.
Squamous odontogenic tumour-like proliferation in a maxillary dentigerous cyst – An unusual finding
Authors: Sanjeeta Ngairangbam , Mall Brajbushan , Banerjee Sumita , Reddy Praveen B.
Published: July 2024

Squamous odontogenic tumour-like proliferations (SOTLPs) in the wall of odontogenic cysts are rare occurrences. Due to the histopathological similarity of these proliferations to neoplasms, such as squamous odontogenic tumour, intraosseous well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, and acanthomatous ameloblastoma, their correct elucidation is of paramount importance to avoid unnecessary and unwanted treatment. SOTLPs are uncommon in dentigerous cysts and rare in those that occur in the maxilla particularly the anterior region. This paper presents a case of maxillary dentigerous cyst involving 33 and a mesiodens in a 32 year old male which on histopathological examination showed SOTLPs in a dentigerous cyst.
Evaluation of antioxidant activity in saliva among young adults having diverging food habits and its relation to oral health: A pilot study
Authors: Manjunathan Kangan , Menon Mrinalini , Bavle Radhika Manoj , Makarla Soumya , Venugopal Reshma , Santo Ann Jisa
Published: July 2024

Introduction:

Saliva enables the maintenance of oral and systemic health. Evaluation of saliva is very valuable for multiple parameters to be evaluated as they are easy to collect, allow easy and safe sample collection, are non-traumatic, can be repeated with ease, and are non-invasive in nature. Salivary enzyme systems have antimicrobial, antioxidant, and similar functions which aid in the maintenance of homeostasis in the oral cavity. Antioxidants scavenge free radicals from cells and prevent or reduce the damage caused by oxidation.

Materials and Methods:

In the present study, the pH and antioxidant capacity of the saliva were evaluated. Subjects were categorized as GROUP A: Vegetarians: Diets were entirely devoid of eggs or meat of any type (for more than 20 years). GROUP B: Non-vegetarians: Diets included both red and white meat, consumed either daily or frequently. GROUP C: Eggetarians: Otherwise vegetarian diets which includes eggs, consumed frequently. Ten samples of each group were collected. The pH profile and antioxidant activity of the samples were analysed. Each of the individuals was subjected to oral examination for grading of the status of oral hygiene, caries teeth, missing and extracted teeth, and the health of gingiva. For the same Oral Hygiene Index Simplified (OHIS), Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) and Gingival Status indices were used and the observations were noted.

Observations and Results:

The average salivary pH for the vegetarians was 7 ± 0.5, that for eggetarians was 7.1 ± 0.5, and in the non-vegetarian group, the average pH was equal to 7.3 ± 0.5. Using the DPPH method, the percentage antioxidant activity of saliva in vegetarians was 20.9 ± 2.1%, while those of eggetarians and non-vegetarians were equal to 5 ± 0.6% and 11.4 ± 2%, respectively. Each individual was subjected to oral examination for grading of the status of oral hygiene (OHIS); decayed, missing, extracted teeth, filled teeth index (DMFT); and the health of gingiva (gingival status index). Overall, eggetarians had a high OHIS index (mean 1.08). The DMFT index was high in non-vegetarians with values ranging from 1 to 8. Statistical analysis using the T-test revealed that the antioxidant potential of the vegetarian group was significantly higher than those of the eggetarian and non-vegetarian dietary groups (P < 0.001). However, the eggetarian and non-vegetarian dietary groups did not significantly differ from each other with respect to this parameter.

Conclusion:

The antioxidant capacity is markedly high in vegetarians, 20.9+/- 2.1%, as compared to non-vegetarians, 11.4+/- 2.1%, and was the lowest in eggetarians, 5+/- 0.6%.
Grisel Syndrome and Its Anesthesia Management: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Sharma Archana , Oak Shrikanta , Devani Kavin , Sawant Siddhi , Devrukhkar Shraddha
Published: July 2024

Grisel syndrome is an atraumatic rotatory atlantoaxial subluxation associated with head-and-neck inflammatory conditions. It predominantly affects the pediatric population. Anesthetic management in these patients poses several challenges, and astute management is crucial for a good outcome. We present a case of a young male patient who presented for management of painful torticollis and restricted neck movements. He had a history of inadequate treatment of throat infection for a month and was subsequently diagnosed with Grisel’s syndrome. He underwent occipitocervical fusion. This case report reviews the literature and describes perioperative anesthesia care and concerns in a comprehensive manner in the management of Grisel’s syndrome.
Go-karting Accident Causing an Innocuous Dorsal Spine Injury: Lessons Learned from a Rare Case
Authors: Bansal Tungish , Sahu Arpit , Farooque Kamran
Published: July 2024

A young female in her late 20s presented to us with the inability to move both her lower limbs after being involved in a go-karting accident. On examination, the patient has no power in bilateral lower limbs, the sensation was decreased below D7, and the bowel bladder was involved. The perianal sensations were present and the patient had ASIA B neurology. On investigation, the computed tomography scans revealed a coronal split fracture of the D5 vertebrae without any involvement of the posterior vertebral wall or any canal compromise. There was a subtle facetal subluxation at D5–D6. A magnetic resonance imaging was performed which showed contusion of the cord at D6 vertebral level with edema and possible disruption of the posterior ligamentous complex at D5–D6 level. The patient was operated by posterior decompression with pedicle screw fixation. At the final follow-up, the patients showed neurological recovery with improvement to ASIA D neurology.
C2 Nerve Sheath Tumors: An Analysis of Radiological – Intraoperative Concordance for Intradural Extension and Systematic Review
Authors: Singh Guramritpal , Kumar Ashutosh , Verma Pawan Kumar , Bhaisora Kamlesh Singh , Mehrotra Anant , Srivastava Arun Kumar , Jaiswal Awadhesh Kumar
Published: July 2024

Background:

Nerve sheath tumors (NSTs) of C2 nerve-root are clinically and radiologically distinct from NSTs of rest of the spine. On imaging, they appear to have a major intradural component in addition to the large extradural part. Thus, they may require durotomy with its possible added complications.

Objective:

The aim of this study is to evaluate the radiological – intra-operative discordance for intradural component and need for tailored durotomy for complete resection of C2 NSTs.

Material and Methods:

We retrospectively analyzed 14 consecutively operated patients of C2 NSTs over the past 10 years (2013-2023). Dura was opened in patients where there was a radiological or intra-operative suspicion of intradural extension.

Results:

Mean(±SD) age at presentation was 37.5(±13) years, with no gender predominance (Male:Female-1.3:1). Dura was opened in 7(50%) patients. On preoperative radiological study, all the patients had a dominant extradural tumor, while 7(50%) patients appeared to have an intradural tumor extension also. Intra-operatively, 5(35.7%) of these 7 patients had only extradural component, while 2(14.3%) patients had an intradural extension. 7(50%) patients had extradural tumor radiologically, while only one patient was found to have a small intradural extension intraoperatively. Thus, only 21.4% of the patients (n=3) were found to have an intradural extension as against 50%(n=7) predicted on imaging. Post-operatively there was clinical improvement in all 14 patients (100%).

Conclusions:

Due to radiological and intra-operative discordance in intradural tumor extension, decision for midline durotomy should be taken following excision of extradural component. Thus, limiting the number of unnecessary midline-durotomies.
Existence and regularity results of parabolic problems with convection term and singular nonlinearity
Authors: El Ouardy Mounim , El Hadfi Youssef , Sbai Abdelaaziz
Published: July 2024

In this work, we investigate the influence of the convection term and the singular lower order term on the existence and regularity of solutions to the following parabolic problem:

\begin{cases}\frac{\partial u}{\partial t}-\operatorname{div}(M(x,t)\nabla u) =-\operatorname{div}(uE(x,t))+\frac{f}{u^{\theta}}&\text{in }\Omega\times(0,T),\\ u(x,t)=0&\text{on }\partial \Omega\times (0,T),\\ u(x,0)=u_{0}(x)&\text{in }\Omega,\end{cases}

where

\theta>0

,

\Omega\subset \mathbb{R}^{N}\ (N>2)

is a bounded smooth domain with

0\in \Omega

, and

f\in L^{m}(\Omega\times (0,T))

with

m\geq 1

is a non-negative function. The function

u_{0}

is a non-negative function that belongs to the space

L^{\infty}(\Omega)

such that

\forall \omega\subset\subset \Omega,\ \exists c_{\omega}>0,\quad u_{0}\geq c_{\omega}\text{ in }\omega.

The main idea of this research explains the combined impact of the convection term and the singular lower order term on the existence and regularity of a solution to the above problem.
Subjetividad política (inter) generacional en activistas estudiantiles de la ciudad de Concepción - Chile (1990-2022)
Authors: Ganter-Solís Rodrigo , Fuentealba-González Sebastían , Bustos-Meza Camila
Published: July 2024

El objetivo del artículo es contribuir al debate respecto del rol que vienen jugando las juventudes y las nuevas generaciones en la renovación de las prácticas e imaginarios políticos en el Chile actual, identificando dinámicas de subjetivación política y procesos de enlace entre distintas unidades generacionales. Metodológicamente el estudio se orienta desde el método biográfico y los relatos de vida, que incluyen voces pertenecientes a tres generaciones de activistas estudiantiles de la ciudad de Concepción. Los resultados identifican algunas dimensiones que cristalizan en una nueva subjetividad política susceptible de rastrear a través de distintas situaciones generacionales presentes en los últimos 30 años en Chile. Se observan importantes procesos de enlace y socialización política iniciados en los años 90´, y que germinan durante los ciclos de movilización circunscritos en las dos primeras décadas del Siglo XXI.
¿Por qué la derecha gana elecciones en La Araucania?
Authors: Osorio-Solano Susana
Published: July 2024

En los últimos 50 años la Araucanía se ha consolidado como un bastión de la derecha en el mapa político chileno. En un contexto de crisis sociopolítica y sanitaria, de aumento de la violencia y de elecciones presidenciales, se indagó en la supuesta orientación a la derecha de su población y se hipotetizó en torno a tres ejes de la teoría de la motivación de protección. Luego de 39 entrevistas semiestructuradas a la mesocracia de Temuco, se concluyó que la izquierda es percibida como un factor amenazante para la paz, por la tendencia a relativizar y/o justificar las acciones violentas de quienes invocan la causa mapuche. En contraste, la derecha es percibida como un aliado estratégico que reconoce con rapidez los problemas de seguridad y terrorismo; de ahí que se presenten como la mejor alternativa para mitigar los temores personales.
Assessing the impact of covid-19 on the delivery and reception of ESP education for engineering students in Croatia
Authors: Ferčec Ivanka , Liermann-Zeljak Yvonne
Published: July 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has irreversibly changed education at all levels and greatly impacted its delivery, as in response to the crisis, both instructors and students had to switch abruptly from traditional face-to-face to virtual classes, i.e. emergency remote teaching (ERT), which was entirely new, demanding, and challenging for both parties. The aim of the paper is to explore engineering students’ and ESP instructors’ experience and the main challenges both stakeholders faced in the initial period of ERT. For that purpose, the data were collected using two (anonymous) questionnaires created by using Google Forms and delivered in summer 2020 to the students by sharing the link on Loomen, and in autumn 2020 to the ESP instructors by sending the link via email. The results indicate that the main challenges of 128 engineering students from Osijek, Croatia, who took part in the survey, mainly referred to lack of motivation and poor time management and organisation, while the main challenges indicated by 52 ESP instructors from Croatia who took part in the survey were lack of in-person interaction and time and effort invested in preparing for classes. The student-related research results show that teaching quality and effectiveness can be improved by motivating and supporting our students, and adapting more readily to online classes in the event of new or continued lockdown. The instructor- related research results reveal that the majority of Croatian ESP instructors (i.e. 85%) did not have any experience with online classes prior to the pandemic and only about one fourth of them (i.e. 27%) confirmed that they received some training in technology-related teaching skills, which points to the importance and need for continuing education and professional development for instructors.
Cooperative Membership By Rural Women Farmers In Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: O I Ettah , E D Uwah , E E Agbachom , J A Igiri , Ettah
Published: July 2024

The study examined cooperative membership by rural women farmers and agricultural production in Cross River State, Nigeria with the following specific objectives: analyze the socio-economic characteristics of rural women in the area, describe the determinants of participation by rural women farmers in cooperative societies in the area and describe the factors affecting rural women farmers participation in cooperative societies in the area. A multistage sampling procedure was used in the selection of 180 respondents. Descriptive statistics and Logistic regression were employed to analyze the data of the study. Result of analysis showed that forty percent (40%) of the respondents aware of the existence of such society and literacy level (24.4%) respectively as major determinants of level of participation in cooperative society. Others like societal norm, farm business activities, membership formalities also determined participation in cooperative societies by rural women farmers in the area. Furthermore, result of the Logistic regression indicated that household size (1.5643), education (2.1777), access to cooperative society (1.5643), income of rural women farmers (1.4161) and business size (1.5460) where all positively signed and significant at different levels of significance. Eighty six percent of the variation in level of participation in cooperative society was explained by the explanatory variables in the model.Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations were made: extension services by government should be encouraged, rural women farmers should be accorded more education and training to create awareness for participation in cooperative societies, government should intervene in some obnoxious societal norms limiting rural women farmers socialization.
Myocardial integrity in citicoline-treated middle cerebral artery occlusion-induced hypoperfusion in Wistar rats; the relationship between the insular and heart
Authors: Benson I.O. , Ayoka A.A. , Dare B.J. , Bayo-Olugbami A.A. , Adeleke O.S. , Tokumbo O.S. , Abayomi T.A. , Adewole S.O. , Saka O.S.
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND AND AIM: The study evaluated the histomorphology and histomorphometry of the left ventricle of Wistar rats following middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)-induced cerebral hypoperfusion. These were with a view to providing insight on the effects cerebral hypoperfusion on myocardial integrity.
METHODOLOGY: A total of twenty adult male Wistar rats (200 g -220 g) were used for this study. They were divided into four groups of five rats each. Sham surgery was performed on rats in group 1; MCAO was performed on rats in groups 2-4. Groups 1, 2, and 4 were administered 1ml/kg normal saline intraperitoneal (i. p) while rats in group 3 were treated with 150 mg/kg body weight (i. p) of citicoline daily for 12 weeks respectively. Twenty-four hours after the last administration rats were sacrificed and blood samples were taken for biochemical analysis of brain natriuretic peptide, nitric oxide (NO) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the serum. The heart and brain were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin for histological, histochemical, and immunohistochemical studies. Data were analyzed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Student Newman-Keuls (SNK) test. Alpha value was set at 0.05.
RESULTS: The result showed increased concentrations of brain natriuretic peptide (0.19 ± 0.08 pg/mL) and, LDH (13.20 ± 0.64 u/l), a decrease in the concentration of nitric oxide (0.12 ± 0.08 mmol/L), reduced collagen and glycogen deposit, distortion of the cross-banding pattern of the myocardium and reduced CnTI immunoreactivity in the MCAO-only group; These perturbations were attenuated in the citicoline-treated group.
CONCLUSION: The study concluded that citicoline ameliorated MCAO-induced neurological perturbations.
A Comprehensive Analysis of Factors Influencing Drivers' Perceptions and Preferences for Petrol Filling Stations in Tanzania
Authors: Dimoso Romanus
Published: July 2024

This study examines factors influencing consumers’ choice of petrol filling stations in Handeni district, Tanga Region, Tanzania. The research employed a cross
sectional design to achieve two primary objectives: first, to identify the external factors affecting consumers' choice of petrol filling stations, and second, to assess the effectiveness of marketing strategies employed at these stations in influencing consumer choice. The study used simple random sampling to select respondents from three wards, resulting in a sample of 384 drivers. Primary data were collected through questionnaires, comprising both closed-ended and open-ended questions, and interviews. A multinomial logistic regression model was utilized to analyze the magnitudes and directions of the factors influencing consumer choice. The findings indicated that petrol quality, price, brand, service quality, promotion, and payment options were statistically significant determinants in consumers' choice of petrol filling stations. Descriptive analysis revealed that the four most preferred petrol stations were Mount Meru, Teacher Oil, KSK Oil, and Msawi petrol stations out of the eight stations considered. The study recommends that petrol station owners implement integrated strategies that focus on multiple critical factors to enhance consumer choice. Additionally, the government could provide tax breaks to petrol stations that invest in modern payment systems and maintain well-stocked convenience stores to further support consumer preferences and improve service delivery in the petrol retail market.
Rola systemów eksperckich opartych na SI w interpretacji przepisów prawa pracy
Authors: Nowik Paweł
Published: July 2024

This article explores the potential of expert systems based on generative artificial intelligence (AI) models in the context of interpreting AI-related labour legislation. The research hypothesis is that these systems can significantly support interpretive processes by automating the analysis of legal texts, identifying interpretive conflicts and facilitating access to information.
Action of the automorphism group on the Jacobian of Klein's quartic curve II: Invariant theta functions
Authors: Markushevich Dimitri , Moreau Anne
Published: July 2024

Bernstein-Schwarzman conjectured that the quotient of a complex affine space by an irreducible complex crystallographic group generated by reflections is a weighted projective space. The conjecture was proved by Schwarzman and Tokunaga-Yoshida in dimension 2 for almost all such groups, and for all crystallographic reflection groups of Coxeter type by Looijenga, Bernstein-Schwarzman and Kac-Peterson in any dimension. We prove that the conjecture is true for the crystallographic reflection group in dimension 3 for which the associated collineation group is Klein's simple group of order 168. In this case the quotient is the 3-dimensional weighted projective space with weights 1, 2, 4, 7. The main ingredient in the proof is the computation of the algebra of invariant theta functions. Unlike the Coxeter case, the invariant algebra is not free polynomial, and this was the major stumbling block.

Comment: 21 pages, 1 figure. Final version typeset in the EPIGA style
Analysis of Strength Parameters of Polymer–Glass Composites Modified with Rubber Recyclate Through Bending Tests
Authors: Daria Żuk
Published: July 2024

The study aims to analyze the strength properties obtained from three-point bending tests of epoxy-glass composite samples modified by adding rubber recyclate. A pure epoxy-glass composite is used as a comparative variant. The tested materials, which varies in the percentage of rubber recyclate and distribution, are cut through waterjet cutting to minimize the influence of temperature. The results undergo statistical analysis, and the microstructures are examined using scanning electron microscopy. The decreasing bending strength of the composites is observed, as the content of rubber recyclate in the material increased. However, adding rubber recyclate directly into the resin subtly decreases in bending strength compared to adding in the layers between the glass mat layers. Composites with rubber recyclate exhibits lower deflection under load compared to pure composites. The most favorable bending test parameters are obtained for the material containing 5% rubber recyclate distributed in three layers.
Konflik DPR, Pemerintah, dan Masyarakat tentang Persyaratan Dukungan Partai di UU Pemilu: Studi Kasus Mahkamah Konstitusi 2019
Authors: Nugraha Aditya , Mar'iyah Chusnul
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the study is to analyze the policy process of the requirement for the election of the President of 20 percent of the House of Representatives seats or obtaining 25 percent of the valid votes nationally in the previous election of members of the House of Representatives and how the pros and cons are in the House of Representatives. This study uses a qualitative research method. Research that uses qualitative methods is research that interprets data by giving meaning to the data obtained. In this study, there are two data collection techniques using primary and secondary data sources that are complementary in explanating the discussion in this study. As a result, political conflicts arise because of the presidential threshold in the 2017 Election Law. It divides the actors between those who support deletion and those who resist. Political parties, community activists, and new groups are involved. The conflict reflects the battle of interests between the old and new political oligarchs. Petitions for removal often fail due to a lack of constitutional support.
A cerâmica na prevenção da dor pós-operatória: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Guimarães Pedro Paulo Cardoso , Barbosa Mayra Borges , Miguez Rafael de Almeida , Viturino Filho Jânio Carlos Nunes
Published: July 2024

Introdução: A dor pós-operatória é uma preocupação clínica significativa que afeta milhões de pacientes em todo o mundo a cada ano. Apesar dos avanços na anestesia e no manejo da dor, muitos pacientes continuam a experimentar desconforto significativo após procedimentos cirúrgicos, impactando negativamente sua recuperação e qualidade de vida. A cerâmica tem emergido como uma alternativa promissora no manejo da dor pós-operatória devido às suas propriedades osteointegrativas e osteocondutoras. Objetivo: Esta revisão visa investigar o papel da cerâmica no manejo da dor pós-operatória, analisando sua eficácia e segurança. Metodologia: Foram consultados artigos científicos publicados nas bases de dados PubMed, SciELO e BVS entre 2010 e 2023, utilizando os descritores: analgesia, dor, pós-operatório e biocerâmica. Resultados e Discussão: A cerâmica fosfocálcica mostrou alta capacidade de estimular a regeneração óssea e reduzir a dor pós-operatória. Estudos indicam que a biocerâmica possui propriedades que evitam a encapsulação por tecido conjuntivo, diminuindo a rejeição tecidual e, consequentemente, a dor. Conclusão: A utilização de biocerâmicas apresenta-se como uma alternativa eficaz e segura na prevenção da dor pós-operatória, destacando-se como uma ferramenta promissora na prática clínica.
Serikat Pekerja sebagai Katalisator Hak dan Kesejahteraan Pekerja di Indonesia
Authors: Archintya Noviana , Mediawati Noor Fatimah
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini menyelidiki peran dan tantangan Federasi Serikat Pekerja Metal Indonesia (FSPMI) dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan dan perlindungan pekerja di sebuah perusahaan logistik di Indonesia. Terlepas dari pengaruh signifikan serikat pekerja dalam menegosiasikan Perjanjian Kerja Bersama yang adil, sebuah perselisihan hak baru-baru ini menyoroti tantangan yang sedang berlangsung. Perselisihan ini berpusat pada perbedaan interpretasi dan penerapan hukum ketenagakerjaan, khususnya mengenai kepatuhan terhadap upah minimum sebagaimana diamanatkan oleh Undang-Undang Ketenagakerjaan No. 13 Tahun 2003. Dengan menggunakan metodologi studi kasus kualitatif, penelitian ini mengeksplorasi bagaimana hambatan-hambatan ini diatasi oleh serikat pekerja dan pihak manajemen. Temuan-temuan penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa meskipun serikat pekerja memainkan peran penting dalam mengadvokasi hak-hak pekerja, isu-isu sistemik dalam undang-undang hubungan industrial menimbulkan hambatan yang signifikan terhadap perlindungan pekerja yang efektif. Temuan ini menggarisbawahi perlunya kerangka hukum yang lebih jelas untuk mencegah perselisihan hak dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan pekerja.
Scenario Planning for Strategic Decision-Making in Captive Power Plant: A Case Study of EBC Company Facing Global Net Zero Emission Challenges Beyond 2031
Authors: Azhar Muhammad ,   School of Business and Management, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Hermawan Pri ,   School of Business and Management, Institut Teknologi Bandung
Published: July 2024

Greenhouse gas emissions from human activities, especially the combustion of fossil fuels, increased world surface temperatures by 1.1 °C between 2011 and 2020 compared to the 1850–1900 period. In order to limit global temperature rise, and achieve net-zero emissions by mid-century, as outlined in the Paris Agreement—which Indonesia signed in 2016—a substantial decrease in coal usage is imperative. This poses uncertainties for coal-dependent companies like Eastern Borneo Coal (EBC) in Indonesia. This study investigates the business environment uncertainties faced by EBC, particularly regarding its captive coal power plants, and assesses the potential risks associated with various future scenarios using scenario planning method. Findings suggest EBC must prioritize equipment upgrades and compliance measures in stricter regulatory environments, enhance operational efficiency and diversify investments in favourable conditions, implement cost reduction strategies and focus on high-quality coal production in challenging markets, and maintain flexibility and explore export opportunities under looser regulations. Emphasizing the importance of monitoring key indicators, engaging with stakeholders, and investing in sustainable technologies, the study provides strategic insights to help EBC navigate future uncertainties and maintain competitiveness, positioning it as a leader in sustainable energy practices beyond 2031.
CAPÍTULO 2: CONTROL METABÓLICO EN DIFERENTES ESTADIOS DE ENFERMEDAD RENAL CRÓNICA
Authors: Cicchitti Alejandra , Arinovich Bárbara , Morales Elisa , Argerich Inés
Published: July 2024

En la población con diabetes mellitus (DM) y enfermedad renal crónica (ERC), el control glucémico puede estar sujeto a condiciones que dificultan su cumplimiento, considerando que en etapas avanzadas de la ERC experimentan frecuentemente una mayor “variabilidad glucémica” (VG).
La evaluación metabólica medida por HbA1c se altera por condiciones asociadas con ERC.
La evidencia sugiere que la albumina glicada (AG) sería un marcador glucémico y factor pronóstico superior a la fructosamina y la HbA1c en poblaciones en estadio (E) de ERC o en tratamiento de hemodiálisis (HD), no habiendo datos suficientes respecto de la utilidad de estos parámetros en estadios iniciales de ERC y en diálisis peritoneal (DP). Ante alteraciones del metabolismo de la albúmina (p. ej., proteinuria en rango nefrótico), los resultados deben interpretarse con cautela.
Debido a las limitaciones mencionadas, se sigue utilizando la HbA1c como referente de control glucémico, siempre considerando dichas limitaciones.
El automonitoreo glucémico (AMG) se asocia a lecturas erróneas por la presencia de hipoxia, hipertrigliceridemia, hiperuricemia o aumento de la bilirrubina4. No permite detectar la presencia de hipoglucemias asintomáticas o nocturnas, y no provee información dinámica de las variaciones de los niveles de glucemia.
Transforming Travel Planning: The Impact of Generative AI on Itinerary Optimization, Cost Efficiency and User Experience
Authors: Veluru Chandra Sekhar ,   Santa Clara, United States
Published: July 2024

The travel industry has been undergoing a revolution for a few years now due to rapid technological advancements. This article assesses the application of Generative AI in travel planning, focusing on itinerary generation, low-fare finding, no-crowd planning, and route optimization. The study employed a quantitative methodology with 10 participants using an AI-powered website. Structured surveys gathered feedback on usability, efficiency, and satisfaction. Users were very satisfied with the AI-enhanced website, especially in terms of navigation, personalized itineraries, price accuracy, and data security. However, areas for improvement in time efficiency were indicated. The study concludes that Generative AI significantly improves trip planning, offering convenience, personalization, and efficiency. Future work should focus on refining AI features and exploring additional applications to further optimize travel planning.
Miosite benigna aguda na infância
Authors: De Souza Bastos Lijamar , Becker Araujo Yasmin , Domingues de Freitas Régia , Rodrigues Costa Luciano
Published: July 2024

A miosite benigna aguda na infância é uma síndrome caracterizada pela ocorrência repentina de dor muscular intensa na região gemelar bilateral, resultando na incapacidade de caminhar, se locomover e manter o equilíbrio. A doença é frequentemente precedida por infecções virais do trato respiratório superior em crianças pré-escolares e escolares, geralmente entre 6 e 9 anos de idade. Além da mialgia, outros sintomas como febre, fadiga, fraqueza muscular generalizada e dor ao toque podem estar presentes. A maioria dos casos de miosite benigna aguda na infância tem uma resolução espontânea em algumas semanas, sem a necessidade de tratamento específico. No entanto, em casos mais graves, podem ser prescritos medicamentos anti-inflamatórios não esteroides e sessões de fisioterapia para aliviar os sintomas e promover a recuperação muscular. É fundamental que os profissionais de saúde estejam cientes dos sinais e sintomas dessa síndrome para um diagnóstico correto e diferenciação de outras condições musculares graves. O presente trabalho trata-se de uma revisão de literatura em pesquisa bibliográfica com o objetivo de descrever a fisiopatologia da doença além de citar os fatores de risco, relatar as atualizações terapêuticas no contexto hospitalar e reconhecer os impactos na qualidade de vida do paciente pediátrico. Ao adotar uma abordagem cautelosa e baseada em evidências, o médico pediatra pode estabelecer um diagnóstico preciso e tranquilizar os pais, fornecendo informações claras sobre a natureza autolimitada da doença. É importante destacar que o estou demonstrou que o uso criterioso de recursos médicos evita intervenções desnecessárias, minimizando riscos e custos associados.
Automedicação em adultos
Authors: Amaro da Silva Lorran Augusto , Carvalho Rocha Álvaro , Arantes José Roberto Barroso
Published: July 2024

A automedicação é um mal enraizado na sociedade brasileira e acontece por diversos fatores: falta de serviço público adequado, rotina em grandes capitais, falta de informação sobre os malefícios causados, livre acesso a informações na internet e alto número de farmácias que precisam lucrar. Dentro desse trabalho buscamos em artigos já publicados e em sites relacionados a saúde entender como isso prejudica a sociedade atual e como podemos atuar para diminuir essa prática. Além disso, buscamos entender como a automedicação afetou a sociedade no período de pandemia e como a internet pode disseminar informações falsas. Dentro desses objetivos tivemos a constatação que o perfil socioeconômico está diretamente ligado a automedicação, além disso o estresse e a rotina influenciam no hábito e a maioria das pessoas que fazem uso de medicamentos sem receita tem entre 25-35 anos, confirmando o ponto abordado acima. Para finalizar, acreditamos que a união entre órgãos do governo pode ajudar e amenizar esse hábito, junto com propagandas expondo os riscos para a população.
DRAMALARDA METOFORALARNING SOTSIAL XOSLANISHI (INGLIZ VA O‘ZBEK TILLARI MISOLIDA)
Authors: Xursanov Nurislom
Published: July 2024

Dramatik diskursda qo‘llangan metaforik komponenetlarning konseptual va kontekstual semalari o‘rtasida muayyan tafovut mavjud bo‘ladi. Ingliz dramalaridan farqli o‘laroq o‘zbek dramalarida metaforalarning qo‘llanilish chastotasi yuqori. Bu esa fikrni ifodalashdagi yana bir madaniy belgilardan biri bo‘lib xizmat qiladi. Metaforalarning muayyan jamiyat qatlami vakillarigagina taalluqli sotsial qatlam doirasida qoʻllanuvchi tipini alohida sotsial metaforalar yoki sotsiometaforalar nomi bilan guruhlash joiz. Mazkur maqolada ingliz va o‘zbek dramalarida qo‘llanilgan metaforalarning personaj nutqida ijtimoiy xoslanishi borasida ayrim mulohazalar keltirilgan.
KONSTITUTSIYA VA QONUNNNING USTIVORLIGI – HUQUQIY DAVLATNING ASOSIY BELGISI
Authors: Qurbonov Doniyorbek
Published: July 2024

Ushbu maqolada konstitutsiya va qonun ustuvorligini ishonchli ta’minlashda keng xalq ommasining, jamoatchilikning madadiga tayanish ijobiy samara berishi, konstitutsiya va qonun ustuvorligiga erishishda jamoatchilik nazoratidan ko‘ra samarali vosita yo‘qligi, xalq qonunlarga ehtiyoj sezib, ularni puhta o‘rgansa, bu faqat uning o‘ziga foyda keltirishi, aks holda qonundan ko‘zlangan maqsadga erishib bo‘lmasligi, haqiqatan ham, xalqimiz qonun buzilishiga qarshi qattiq turmas ekan, davlat idoralari, mansabdor shaxslar qanchalik urinmasin, qonun ustuvorligini ta’minlash jarayoni juda og‘ir kechishi haqida fikr yuritiladi.
BO‘LAJAK PSIXOLOGLARNING O‘QUV FAOLIYATIDA KOMMUNIKATIV KOMPETENTSIYASINI RIVOJLANTIRISH
Authors: Axmedov Akmal , Sherqo‘ziyeva Zarnigor
Published: July 2024

Ushbu maqola bo‘lajak psixologlarni o‘quv jarayonida kommunikativ kompetentligini rivojlanishining nazariy metodologik asoslari va  masalalariga bag’ishlangan. So‘nggi yillarda mamlakatda psixologiya sohasida pedagog kadrlarni tayyorlash hamda amaliyotchi psixologlar faoliyatini qo‘llab-quvvatlashga oid bir qator ishlar amalga oshirilmoqda.Ushbu maqolada ham bo‘lajak psixologlarni asosiy kasbiy rivojlanishining asosi bo‘lgan kommunikativ kompetensiyasini rivojlantrish masalalari berilgan.
Application of The Primum Remedium Principle in Corruption Crime Cases
Authors: Syuhada Esa Arung , Rizkia Nanda Dwi , Susilawati Susilawati , Kisworo Dika Kurnia Edo , Nugrahaeni Artina Wahyu Dwi
Published: July 2024

This research believes that the application of the Primum Remidium principle in Corruption Crimes in Indonesia can achieve its goal, namely eradicating corruption more easily. The researcher's beliefs will be accompanied by scientific arguments and using a systematic research methodology. This research is qualitative research with a descriptive approach, namely describing the urgency of implementing the Primum Remidium principle in criminal acts of corruption in Indonesia. The data that researchers use in this article is primary data obtained from credible sources in the form of scientific articles, books, websites, and other things. These data were analyzed using the stages of data collection, data analysis, data reduction, and drawing conclusions. The reult in this article show The application of the Primum Remidium principle in criminal acts of corruption must be applied to 8 types of criminal acts of corruption which include state finances, bribery, embezzlement, extortion, fraudulent acts, conflicts of interest, and gratification. In these 8 types of corruption, there should no longer be any such thing as mediation, the principle of presumption of innocence, mediation, and so on which are forms of the ultimum remidium principle. If the investigator has met the qualifications for evidence, then the potential corruptors should be processed immediately without compromising the quality of the evidence