bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
(Animal) Oppression: Responding to Questions of Efficacy and (Il)Legitimacy in Animal Advocacy with a New Collective Action/Master Frame
Authors: Arcari Paula
Published: December 2022

Across the animal activist/academic community, there is an ongoing dissatisfaction with the movement’s achievements to date, or lack thereof – a sense that it has not achieved as much as expected, hoped for, and needed. While there have undoubtedly been positive changes, overall these efforts constitute a Sisyphean task given that nonhuman animals are entering the Animal-Industrial Complex (A-IC) in increasing numbers and faster than others are saved. Lack of unity, common goals, and related questions of (il)legitimacy are among some of the issues identified with ‘the movement’. In response, this paper proposes a new frame for animal advocacy that can offer a legitimising context for critical animal perspectives and bring a sense of unity to the movement’s fragmented and often inconsistent goals. First, questions of movement efficacy are examined with reference to a review of the websites of 21 advocacy organisations. Efficacy is then associated with (il)legitimacy, and (il)legitimacy with framing. An exploration of how frames are currently deployed in animal advocacy is then used to support the rationale for the proposed frame of ‘(animal) oppression’. Finally, this frame’s key features are clarified with suggestions for its deployment. Critically, this new frame describes the problem to be addressed, where existing frames focus primarily on solutions and motivations. Approaching animal advocacy through oppression evokes and explains the interwoven mechanisms of the entire injustice complex, of which the A-IC is one part, opening the way to challenge not only speciesism but all institutions of discrimination.
Improved Physical Function After Cardiac Contractility Modulation Therapy in 10 Patients With Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Vartanian Karine , Franco Miguel , Busse Nathalie , Bidzhoian Sofiia , Hamdan Tesnim , von Schwarz Ernst R.
Published: December 2022

Background

A new generation of therapeutic devices has expanded the options for managing advanced heart failure. We examined the outcomes of cardiac contractility therapy in a series of 10 patients with chronic heart failure.

Methods

Ten patients with chronic heart failure were nonrandomly selected to receive cardiac contractility modulation therapy. Hemodynamics, left ventricular ejection fraction, functional capacity, and clinical outcomes were evaluated at baseline and after 6 months of therapy.

Results

Eight male and 2 female patients (mean [SD] age, 63.4 [9.4] years) received cardiac contractility modulation therapy. Between baseline and 6-month follow-up, mean (SD) left ventricular ejection fraction improved from 27.1% (4.18%) to 35.1% (9.89%), New York Heart Association class declined from 3.9 (0.32) to 2.44 (0.52), and 6-minute walk test distance increased from 159.2 (93.79) m to 212.4 (87.24) m. Furthermore, the mean (SD) number of hospital admissions within the 6 months before cardiac contractility modulation therapy was 2.4 (2.27) compared with 1 (1.52) during the 6 months after therapy.

Conclusion

Cardiac contractility modulation therapy improved physical functioning and reduced hospital admissions in these patients.
The First RE100 University in Japan-Responsible Consumption and Production of Energy
Authors: Harashina Sachihiko
Published: December 2022

Proactive use of renewable energy is required to create a sustainable energy society, which is related to the various goals of the SDGs such as SDG7 on energy, SDG13 on climate action and SDG12 on responsible consumption and production. Addressing the energy issue as a university is significant in two ways. First, universities can influence other entities, such as businesses, local governments etc. Second, universities have a mission to educate students who can transform society into a sustainable one. In a press release of 2014, I announced the intention of making CUC the first 100% renewable energy university in Japan, which was a voluntary action. After becoming the president in 2017, this became an official project of the university, enabling investment in the necessary facilities. From the experience of having achieved our goal, I will explain the factors leading to our success and the lessons applicable to other universities.Keyword: SDGs, responsible university, zero carbon campus, renewable energy, heart-ware
Sustainable Transportation Managing in University Campuses: The Case of Middle East Technical University
Authors: Kök Mustafa Verşan , Kalinli Adem , İlkuçan Altan
Published: December 2022

As the level of income of countries rises, sustainability-related issues are improved in general; however, problems regarding the increase in the amount of waste and carbon emissions worsen. The increasing level of wealth in both developing and developed countries, as well as cultural transformations that encourage the use of personal vehicles, threaten sustainability on a global scale. Generally, higher education institutions are places of great mobility thanks to their students, personnel, and visitors. For this reason, creating eco-friendly ways of transportation in these places is one of the most important aspects of having sustainable campuses. The reason why it is crucial is that creating a livable environment by providing sustainable transportation alternatives on campuses leads students to potentially continue with these practices in their lives afterward. Although there are various widely accepted practices of managing sustainable transportation implemented in higher education institutions, it is of great importance for these institutions to conduct a comprehensive situation analysis first so that their sustainable transportation policies can be shaped correctly. In this way, it can be possible for the universities to evaluate their current situations thoroughly and thus implement their own practices in accordance with their conditions. This study endeavors to examine the issue of eco-friendly transportation for sustainable campuses, evaluate the practices of Middle East Technical University in this respect, and raise suggestions for higher education institutions.Keyword: Sustainability, Transportation Management, University Campus
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM MELALUI AFFIRMATIVE ACTION PADA PEMILIHAN LEGISLATIF 2019 DI CILACAP
Authors: Mastur Mastur , Yudhanti Ristina
Published: December 2022

Penerapan beberapa produk hukum tentang kepemiluan di Indonesia, khususnya di Cilacap belum sepenuhnya akomodatif dengan affirmative action. Hal ini, dapat dilihat dari kemenangan tiga kandidat perempuan pada Pemilihan Legislatif 2019 (Pileg 2019) di Cilacap, yakni Teti Rohatiningsih dari Partai Golongan Karya (Golkar), Novita Wijayanti dari Partai Gerakan Indonesia Raya (Gerindra) dan Siti Mukaromah dari Partai Kebangkitan Bangsa (PKB). Ketiganya mewakili elite ekonomi-politiknya masing-masing. Bahkan dua di antaranya, yakni Novita Wijayanti dai Siti Mukaromah merupakan kandidat petahana. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penulisan artikel ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif dan dengan pendekatan penelitian yuridis normatif dan yuridis empiris. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengamati aktivitas pra pileg, pileg dan pascapileg, utamanya pasca keputusan perolehan suara dari Komisi Pemilihan Umum.
Od Redakcji
Authors: Churski Paweł
Published: December 2022

Zapraszamy Państwa do działu Nowości Wydawniczych, w którym prezentujemy najnowsze prace autorstwa pracowników naszego wydziału, których tematyka bezpośrednio wiąże się z problematyką rozwoju regionalnego i polityki regionalnej. W bieżącym numerze przedstawiamy Państwu dwie publikacje. Pierwsza z nich to monografia pod redakcją Bartłomieja Kołsuta i Tadeusza Stryjakiewicza pt. „The Economic Geography of the Car Market. The Automobile Revolution in an Emerging Economy”, wydana przez Routledge – Taylor & Francis Group. Jest ona podsumowaniem wyników projektu badawczego „Wymiar przestrzenny (r)ewolucji na rynku samochodowym w Polsce”, finansowanego przez Narodowe Centrum Nauki. Drugą nowością, którą chcielibyśmy Państwu zaproponować, jest artykuł autorstwa Cezarego Mądrego pt. „Wymiar regionalny procesów industrializacji i dezindustrializacji na przykładzie Gruzji”. Ukazał się on w jednym z ostatnich numerów „Czasopisma Geograficznego”. Autor podjął w nim próbę identyfikacji zróżnicowania przestrzennego uprzemysłowienia Gruzji i jego zmian.
Zazielenienie terenów rolnych jako komponent zielonej infrastruktury na obszarach wiejskich w Polsce
Authors: Kołodziejczak Anna , Koliński Krystian
Published: December 2022

Celem artykułu jest ocena zróżnicowania przestrzennego efektu zazielenienia w Polsce w odniesieniu do terenów użytkowanych rolniczo na skutek wprowadzania „zielonych” płatności bezpośrednich. Próbowano znaleźć odpowiedź na sformułowane pytanie badawcze: w jakim stopniu wprowadzenie zazielenienia miało wpływ na ochronę bioróżnorodności terenów rolnych? Jako podstawę analizy przestrzennej tego działania przyjęto dwa wskaźniki, przedstawiające liczbę wniosków zrealizowanych w ramach zazielenienia w procencie ogólnej liczby gospodarstw rolnych powyżej 10 ha użytków rolnych oraz wielkość pozyskanej z tego tytułu kwoty w przeliczeniu na 1 ha użytków rolnych. Zakres przestrzenny analizy obejmował terytorium całego kraju, a jako podstawowe jednostki przyjęto regiony (województwa) oraz powiaty (w układzie 314 biur powiatowych Agencji Restrukturyzacji i Modernizacji Rolnictwa). Przeliczenia wskaźników dokonano w odniesieniu do ich przeciętnej dla lat 2017–2020 według wykazu producentów rolnych Agencji Restrukturyzacji i Modernizacji Rolnictwa. W badaniach zastosowano syntetyczny wskaźnik poziomu absorpcji płatności na zazielenienia. Wsparcie finansowe miało pozytywny wpływ na koncentrację użytków rolnych objętych dopłatami zazielenienia i widoczne było w północno-zachodniej i południowo-wschodniej Polsce. Z badań wynika, że na terenach rolnych, gdzie w większym stopniu wykorzystano instrumenty ekonomiczne sprzyjające zazielenieniu, rolnicy kontynuują ekstensywny sposób gospodarowania. Wpływa to korzystnie na zachowanie bioróżnorodności krajobrazów.
Endurance exercise under short‐duration intermittent hypoxia promotes endurance performance via improving muscle metabolic properties in mice
Authors: Suzuki Junichi
Published: December 2022

This study was designed to (1) investigate the effects of acute exercise under intermittent hypoxia on muscle mRNA and protein levels, and (2) clarify the mechanisms by which exercise under intermittent hypoxia improves endurance capacity. Experiment‐1: Male mice were subjected to either acute endurance exercise, exercise under hypoxia (14% O2), exercise under intermittent hypoxia (Int, three cycles of room air [10 min] and 14% O2 [15 min]). At 3 h after exercise under intermittent hypoxia, sirtuin‐6 mRNA levels and nuclear prolyl hydroxylases‐2 protein levels were significantly upregulated in white gastrocnemius muscle in the Int group. Experiment‐2: Mice were assigned to sedentary control (Sed), normoxic exercise‐trained (ET), hypoxic exercise‐trained (HYP) or exercise‐trained under intermittent hypoxia (INT) groups. Exercise capacity was significantly greater in the INT group than in the ET and HYP group. Activity levels of citrate synthase were significantly greater in the INT group than in the HYP group in soleus (SOL) and red gastrocnemius muscles. In SOL, nuclear N‐terminal PGC1α levels were considerably increased by the INT training (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09–1.79). The INT significantly increased pyruvate dehydrogenase complex activity levels in left ventricle (LV). Monocarboxylate transporter‐4 protein levels were significantly increased after the INT training in LV. Capillary‐to‐fiber ratio values were significantly increased in SOL and were substantially increased in LV (CI: 1.10–1.22) after the INT training. These results suggest that exercise training under intermittent hypoxia represents a beneficial strategy for increasing endurance performance via improving metabolic properties and capillary profiles in several hind‐leg muscles and the heart.
Notes on Documentary Papyri: P.Ryl. II 252, SB XIV 11868, P.Tebt.Pad. I 15, and PUG III 115
Authors: Vecchiato Riccardo
Published: December 2022

Notes on the text and interpretation of four Ptolemaic documentary papyri: the contract of sale P.Ryl. II 252, the petition P.Tebt.Pad. I 15, and the two naukleros-receipts SB XIV 11868 and PUG III 115.
Illuminating language users in the discourse of linguistic diversity: toward justice-informed language education
Authors: Kubota Ryuko , Aoyama Ryosuke , Kajigaya Takeshi , Deschambault Ryan
Published: December 2022

The field of language education has mobilized diversity paradigms during the last several decades. Paradigms, such as world Englishes, English as a lingua franca, and translanguaging, have illuminated how linguistic forms and practices vary across locations, contexts, and individual linguistic repertoires. Although they aim to raise teachers’ and students’ engagement with linguistic heterogeneity, they are largely founded on the postmodern/poststructuralist valorization of linguistic hybridity and fluidity, which tends to neglect language users and thus overlooks the human differences that also inform that heterogeneity. True linguistic diversity and justice can be attained by both problematizing structural obstacles and recognizing that ideologies and structures are entrenched in unequal and unjust relations of power regarding race, gender, class, and sexuality, which influence diverse language users to communicate in certain ways. This conceptual paper problematizes the conventional focus on language in the discourse of linguistic diversity within language education, especially English language teaching, and proposes that we pay greater attention to language users. While recognizing that social justice is not a universal notion, we endorse an antiracist justice-informed contextualized approach to teaching about linguistic diversity by illuminating how diversity and power among language users as well as broader structures impact the nature of communication.
Three-dimensional modeling of loose layers based on stratum development law
Authors: Shen Yan-Gen , Li An-Bo , Huang Jian-Chu , Lü Guo-Nian , Li Kai-Li
Published: December 2022

Loose layers are the locus of human activities. The high-quality 3D modeling of loose layers has essential research significance and applicability in engineering geology, hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering, and urban underground space design. To address the shortcomings of traditional 3D loose-layer modeling based on borehole data, such as the lack of bedrock surface constraints, simple strata pinch-out processing, and the higher fitting error of the strata surface, a 3D loose-layer modeling method based on the stratum development law is proposed. The method mainly uses three different virtual boreholes, bedrock-boundary virtual boreholes, pinch-out virtual boreholes, and densified virtual boreholes, to control the stratigraphic distribution. Case studies demonstrate the effectiveness of this 3D loose-layer modeling method in the Qinhuai District of Nanjing and Hangkonggang District of Zhengzhou. Compared to the previous methods that interpolated stratigraphic surfaces with elevation information, the method proposed in this article interpolates the stratum thickness based on stacking, which could improve the interpolation accuracy. In the area where the loose layers and exposed bedrock are alternately distributed, stratigraphic thickness errors’ mean and standard deviation decreased by 2.11 and 2.13 m. In the pure loose-layer area, they dropped by 0.96 and 0.33 m. In addition, the proposed approach allows us to infer the different stratigraphic distribution patterns accurately and complete 3D loose-layer model construction with higher accuracy and a good visualization effect.
Finite groups in which every non-nilpotent subgroup is a TI-subgroup or has p;'-order
Authors: Ren Huixuan , Shi Jiangtao
Published: December 2022

We obtain a complete description of the structure of a finite group G in which every non-nilpotent subgroup
is a TI-subgroup or has

p
′

{p^{\prime}}

-order for some fixed prime divisor p of

|
G
|

{|G|}

.
Human-centered artificial intelligence-based ice hockey sports classification system with web 4.0
Authors: Jiang Yan , Bao Chuncai
Published: December 2022

Systems with human-centered artificial intelligence are always as good as their ability to consider their users’ context when making decisions. Research on identifying people’s everyday activities has evolved rapidly, but little attention has been paid to recognizing both the activities themselves and the motions they make during those tasks. Automated monitoring, human-to-computer interaction, and sports analysis all benefit from Web 4.0. Every sport has gotten its move, and every move is not known to everyone. In ice hockey, every move cannot be monitored by the referee. Here, Convolution Neural Network-based Real-Time Image Processing Framework (CNN-RTIPF) is introduced to classify every move in Ice Hockey. CNN-RTIPF can reduce the challenges in monitoring the player’s move individually. The image of every move is captured and compared with the trained data in CNN. These real-time captured images are processed using a human-centered artificial intelligence system. They compared images predicted by probability calculation of the trained set of images for effective classification. Simulation analysis shows that the proposed CNN-RTIPF can classify real-time images with improved classification ratio, sensitivity, and error rate. The proposed CNN-RTIPF has been validated based on the optimization parameter for reliability. To improve the algorithm for movement identification and train the system for many other everyday activities, human-centered artificial intelligence-based Web 4.0 will continue to develop.
Deployment of multiservice code in FSO-based hybrid subcarrier system
Authors: Alnassar Ghusoon , Mohammed Husam Abduldaem , Taiwo Ambali , Anas Siti Barirah Ahmad , Mokhtar Makhfudzah Binti
Published: December 2022

This research aims to investigate and improve multi-user free space optic systems (FSO) based on a hybrid subcarrier multiplexing spectral amplitude coding-optical code division multiple access (SCM-SAC-OCDMA) technique using MS code with a direct decoding technique. The performance is observed under different weather conditions including clear, rain, and haze conditions. The investigation includes analyzing the proposed system mathematically using MATLAB and OptiSystem software. The simulation is carried out using a laser diode. Furthermore, the performances of the MS code in terms of angles of bit rate, beam divergence and noise are evaluated based on bit error rate (BER), received power, and transmission distance. The performance of the MS code-based system was subsequently compared with Khazani Syed code (KS), multi-diagonal (MD), and modified quadratic congruence code (MQC) codes under different weather conditions at a bit rate of 1 Gb/s and BER threshold of 10−9. Heavy rain indicates the worst performance in terms of transmission distance of 0.9 km. Nevertheless, the system designed using the MS code outperformed the KS, MD and MQC systems as it is capable of supporting up to 6.3, 0.8, 0.9, and 1.5 km, respectively, under clear weather. In conclusion, this study provides a means of improving FSO communications that suits tropical and Malaysia weather conditions.
A reach enhanced hybrid OCDMA-MDM multiplexing based IsOWC system incorporating EDFA, SOA, and RFA
Authors: Sachdeva Shippu , Pahuja Hunny , Sindhwani Manoj , Arora Krishan
Published: December 2022

Reach enhancement in inter-satellite optical wireless communication systems (IsOWC) is an utmost requirement due to ever-increasing internet usage all over the globe. Optical code division multiplexing is prominently incorporated for security enhancement in IsOWC systems, however, limited in terms of total reach. Therefore, in this work, a 120 Gbps capacity-based hybrid OCDMA and mode division multiplexed (MDM) IsOWC is presented using different optical amplifiers such as semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA), erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA), and Raman fiber amplifier (RFA). Moreover, the combined effects of Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) with EDFA/SOA/RFA and Hermite–Gaussian (HG) modes with EDFA/SOA/RFA amplifiers are investigated. Results revealed that the proposed system can cover 5000 km IsOWC link within acceptable BER limits and EDFA with LG modes is found to be the best technique.
Dezocine inhibits cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by targeting CRABP2 in ovarian cancer
Authors: Zhang Chuanfeng , Pan Ruirui , Ma Shuangshuang , Xu Shoucai , Wang Baosheng
Published: December 2022

Previous studies have shown that some anesthesia drugs can inhibit tumor growth and metastasis. As a clinical anesthetic drug, dezocine has been reported to play an important role in immune function. However, the effects of dezocine on ovarian cancer cell growth and metastasis are not fully understood. In this study, we found that dezocine dose-dependently inhibited the viability of ES-2 and SKOV3 cells. Dezocine suppressed the migration and invasion abilities of ovarian cancer cells, and promoted apoptosis. Moreover, the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway was also inhibited by dezocine. Furthermore, mechanism study showed that dezocine could significantly inhibit the expression of CRABP2, and CRABP2 overexpression reversed the inhibitory effects of dezocine on ovarian cancer cell proliferation and migration. In conclusion, dezocine has significant anti-tumor effects on the growth and metastatic potential of ovarian cancer cells, and CRABP2 functions as a downstream effector of dezocine.
Review on the chemical reduction modelling of hematite iron ore to magnetite in fluidized bed reactor
Authors: Soni Rahul K. , Chinthapudi Eswaraiah , Tripathy Sunil K. , Bose Manaswita , Goswami Partha S.
Published: December 2022

Steel production is considered as one of the major backbones of many economies. Though blast furnace is the primary route of steel production, the industries are willing to alternatives technologies such as the high temperature-controlled conversion of hematite to magnetite. The geological and mineralogical characteristics of the low-grade iron ores possess difficulties in their conventional enrichment. The literature concludes the advantages of high-temperature conversion in terms of easiness in downstream operations caused by decreased hardness and increased magnetic susceptibility of magnetite. The modelling work has been primarily focused on the direct reduction of iron ore to metallic iron. The present compilation discusses the scientific and engineering developments on the reduction-roasting of iron-ore followed by the CFD–DEM modelling and simulation work performed to reduce iron ore to magnetite. It provides a comprehensive review of the experimental and industrial progress done in the area.
On mass dynamics in a closed ecological system, determined with a prototype vacuum mass comparator – a methodological validation study
Authors: Lintzen Thomas , Pabst Markus , Fröhlich Thomas
Published: December 2022

The aim of this work was to validate a novel methodology for high-resolution, repetitive measurements of mass dynamics of biological processes and structures in a closed plant-earth ecosystem consisting of Mammillaria vetula and microorganisms. To perform these experiments, the living system was materially welded into a newly developed Titanium Weighing Hollow Body (TWHB) with a laser. Three non-vital, also hermetically welded and high-vacuum suitable, externally identical TWHBs, filled with sand, served as controls. All TWHBs were equipped with a feedthrough and integrated light source. LEDs generated continuous light in all four bodies, which drove the photobiological processes in the vital test body and allowed long-term growth. Mass differences of the TWHBs were measured with a vacuum mass comparator at four points in time three months apart against two stainless steel mass standards. The expanded measurement uncertainty of the mass increase of the vital TWHB was calculated according to the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM) in each of the three independent experiments. The mass gain of the vital over the three nonvital TWHBs over the total experimental period of 9 months was +18 μg with the expanded measurement uncertainty 30 μg. The resulting mass gain would have had to be

>
48

μ
g

$ > 48\enspace {\upmu }\mathrm{g}$

to be considered statistically significant with a confidence level of 97.7%; time intervals over three and six months were also not significant. The study validates for the first time a methodology capable of measuring mass dynamics of living matter over time, when statistically sound conclusions with measurement uncertainties in the microgram range are required. This opens up a new level of precision mass measurements, which makes the methodology a candidate, e.g., for the verification of the principle of mass conservation in the life-sciences.
Assessment of unintended effects of ditches on ecosystem services provided by Iztaccihuatl-Popocatépetl National Park, Mexico
Authors: Núñez Juan Manuel , Cotler Helena , Lara Pulido José Alberto , Cram Silke , Guevara Alejandro , Ramírez Santiago Andrea , Galván Díaz Eunice
Published: December 2022

The Iztaccíhuatl-Popocatépetl National Park is a remnant of high-mountain conifer forests and grasslands that provides ecosystem services to Mexico City. This research assesses the impact of constructing ditches, through modeling infiltration, soil erosion, and carbon sequestration with the hydrological model SWAT, based on soil information (bulk density, soil organic carbon, and soil depth) obtained from the ditches. The resulting estimates revealed that the construction of ditches negatively impacted the provision of the following ecosystem services: (i) alterations of natural conditions that allow water infiltration in more than 25% of 1 ha in grasslands, and up to 20% of 1 ha in forests; (ii) increase in potential soil erosion by 60%; and (iii) up to 30 217 t and 4522 t of soil organic carbon becoming exposed and prone to mineralization in grasslands and forests, respectively.
Tilt in Place Microscopy: a Simple, Low-Cost Solution to Image Neural Responses to Body Rotations
Authors: Hamling Kyla R. , Zhu Yunlu , Auer Franziska , Schoppik David
Published: December 2022

Animals use information about gravity and other destabilizing forces to balance and navigate through their environment. Measuring how brains respond to these forces requires considerable technical knowledge and/or financial resources. We present a simple alternative—Tilt In Place Microscopy (TIPM), a low-cost and noninvasive way to measure neural activity following rapid changes in body orientation. Here, we used TIPM to study vestibulospinal neurons in larval zebrafish during and immediately after roll tilts. Vestibulospinal neurons responded with reliable increases in activity that varied as a function of ipsilateral tilt amplitude. TIPM differentiated tonic (i.e., sustained tilt) from phasic responses, revealing coarse topography of stimulus sensitivity in the lateral vestibular nucleus. Neuronal variability across repeated sessions was minor relative to trial-to-trial variability, allowing us to use TIPM for longitudinal studies of the same neurons across two developmental time points. There, we observed global increases in response strength and systematic changes in the neural representation of stimulus direction. Our data extend classical characterization of the body tilt representation by vestibulospinal neurons and establish the utility of TIPM to study the neural basis of balance, especially in developing animals.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTVestibular sensation influences everything from navigation to interoception. Here, we detail a straightforward, validated, and nearly universal approach to image how the nervous system senses and responds to body tilts. We use our new method to replicate and expand on past findings of tilt sensing by a conserved population of spinal-projecting vestibular neurons. The simplicity and broad compatibility of our approach will democratize the study of the response of the brain to destabilization, particularly across development.
NDP52 acts as a redox sensor in PINK1/Parkin‐mediated mitophagy
Authors: Kataura Tetsushi , Otten Elsje G , Rabanal‐Ruiz Yoana , Adriaenssens Elias , Urselli Francesca , Scialo Filippo , Fan Lanyu , Smith Graham R , Dawson William M , Chen Xingxiang , Yue Wyatt W , Bronowska Agnieszka K , Carroll Bernadette , Martens Sascha , Lazarou Michael , Korolchuk Viktor I
Published: December 2022

Mitophagy, the elimination of mitochondria via the autophagy‐lysosome pathway, is essential for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. The best characterised mitophagy pathway is mediated by stabilisation of the protein kinase PINK1 and recruitment of the ubiquitin ligase Parkin to damaged mitochondria. Ubiquitinated mitochondrial surface proteins are recognised by autophagy receptors including NDP52 which initiate the formation of an autophagic vesicle around the mitochondria. Damaged mitochondria also generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) which have been proposed to act as a signal for mitophagy, however the mechanism of ROS sensing is unknown. Here we found that oxidation of NDP52 is essential for the efficient PINK1/Parkin‐dependent mitophagy. We identified redox‐sensitive cysteine residues involved in disulphide bond formation and oligomerisation of NDP52 on damaged mitochondria. Oligomerisation of NDP52 facilitates the recruitment of autophagy machinery for rapid mitochondrial degradation. We propose that redox sensing by NDP52 allows mitophagy to function as a mechanism of oxidative stress response.
Hubungan Antara Kemampuan Membaca Dengan Kemampuan Menerjemahkan Teks Berbahasa Mandarin Mahasiswa Prodi Pendidikan Bahasa Mandarin Angkatan 2018
Authors: Al Mahiyagsi Suffan Alauddin , Marsuki Ria Riski , Supriatnaningsih Rina , Anggraeni Anggraeni
Published: December 2022

Kemampuan membaca merupakan suatu unsur yang sangat penting dalam pendidikan Bahasa mandarin. Selain itu, membaca membantu siswa untuk memahami kata-kata yang dibaca, mengidentifikasi arti kata, menerka arti kata yang belum dikenal, menangkap ide pokok bacaan, menangkap perincian, dan memahami maksud penulis. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif analisis. Data dan sumber data diperoleh dari 16 mahasiswa Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa Mandarin angkatan 2018 Fakultas Bahasa dan Seni Universitas Negeri Semarang tahun ajaran 2020/2021. Dari hasil analisis data penelitian menunjukan bahwa kemampuan membaca seorang mahasiswa sangat mempengaruhi kemampuan menerjemahkan mahasiswa itu sendiri, yakni sebesar 90,7%. Dilihat dari hasil skoring yang dilakukan pada mahasiswa aspek intonasi, lafal dan kelancaran dalam membaca memiliki pengaruh yang paling signifikan. Kurangnya kemampuan mahasiswa dalam menerjemahkan teks berbahasa mandarin disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor seperti, kesalahan jeda, kesalahan penggunaan nada, dan kesalahan pengucapan atau pelafalan sebuah karakter.Reading ability is a very important thing in Mandarin language education. In addition, reading helps students to understand the words they read, identify the meaning of words, the meaning of unfamiliar words, capture the main idea of reading, capture details, and understand the author's intent. The research method uses quantitative research methods. The research approach uses a descriptive analysis approach. Data and data sources were obtained from 16 students of the 2018 Mandarin Language Education Department, Faculty of Language and Arts, Semarang State University for the 2020/2021 academic year. From the results of the analysis of research data shows that the ability to read a student greatly affects the ability to translate the students themselves, which is equal to 90.7%. Judging from the results of scoring conducted on students, intonation, pronunciation and assessment in reading have the most influence. The lack of students' ability in translating Chinese texts is caused by several factors, such as pause errors, incorrect use of tone, and errors in pronunciation or pronunciation of a character.
Efektifitas Metode Cooperative Script Untuk Meningkatkan Kosa Kata Siswa Kelas 10 SMK Negeri 2 Semarang Dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Mandarin
Authors: Nail Nila Choirun , Anggraeni Anggraeni , Supriatnaningsih Rina , Prasetiani Dyah
Published: December 2022

Bahasa mandarin mengalami perkembangan minat di SMA /SMK yang ada di Semarang khususnya di  SMK  Negeri 2 Semarang.namun,kemampuan kosa kata siswa masih tergolong rendah. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan metode pembelajaran yang sesuai untuk meningkatkan kemampuan kosa kata siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan efektifitas serta respon siswa terhadap model pembelajaran cooperative. Adapun metode yang digunakan yaitu metode berpasangan jenis pembelajaran cooperative script.  Data sampel berasal dari siswa kelas 10 SMK Negeri 2 Semarang, yang terdiri dari kelas kontrol (UPW 1 ) sebanyak 36 siswa, dan kelas eksperimen (UPW 2 ) sebanyak 36 siswa melalui angket dan post test.  Data dianalisis dengan uji validitas dan r ealibilitas ser ta uji hipotesis. Hasil perbandingan post test antara kelas kontrol dengan kelas eksperimen  memiliki nilai signifikan 0,422 0 ,520, dengan rata rata kelas kontrol 81,94 sedangkan kelas eksperimen 87,78. Adapun hasil angket ketertarikan siswa terhadap metode cooperative script dikelas menunjukkan sebanyak 61,1% siswa tertarik, 33,3% siswa netral dan 0,5% tidak setuju. Dengan demikian, model cooperative script mampu meningkatkan kemampuan kosa kata siswa jika dibanding dengan metode konvensional.Mandarin has experienced a development of interest in high schools / vocational schools in Semarang, especially at SMK Negeri 2 Semarang. However, students' vocabulary skills are still relatively low. Therefore, appropriate learning methods are needed to improve students' vocabulary skills. This study aims to describe the effectiveness and student responses to the cooperative learning model. The method used is the paired method of cooperative script learning. The sample data came from 10th grade students of SMK Negeri 2 Semarang, which consisted of 36 students in the control class (UPW 1), and 36 students in the experimental class (UPW 2) through a questionnaire and post test. Data were analyzed by testing the validity and reliability as well as testing the hypothesis. The results of the post-test comparison between the control class and the experimental class had a significant value of 0.422 0.520, with an average control class of 81.94 while the experimental class was 87.78. The results of the student interest questionnaire on the cooperative script method in class showed that 61.1% of students were interested, 33.3% students were neutral and 0.5% disagreed. Thus, the cooperative script model is able to improve students' vocabulary skills when compared to the conventional method.
Influence of pyrolysis and torrefaction pretreatment temperature on the pyrolysis product distribution
Authors: Bi Dongmei , Li Bozheng , Liu Shanjian , Yi Weiming , Jiang Mei , Lin Zhidong
Published: December 2022

Fast pyrolysis is an important technology in biological waste disposal. It can produce fuels (bio-gas and bio-oil) and high-value chemicals. In this paper, camphor wood powder was subjected to fast pyrolysis, and the influence of the pyrolysis and torrefaction pretreatment temperature on the pyrolysis product distribution was investigated. The results showed that camphor wood powder produced higher phenol, 2-methoxy, 2-methoxy-4-vinyl-phenol, and 1, 2, 4-trimethoxybenzene compared with corn straw, rice husk, and wheat straw. The temperature of torrefaction pretreatment and fast pyrolysis simultaneously affected the yield of bio-oil and the composition of the pyrolysis product. The yield of bio-oil was the highest at 500 °C. Additionally, the yield of different high-value chemicals was the highest at 500 °C. When the camphor wood powder was pretreated under conditions of torrefaction, the yield of 3-furfural decreased and that of phenol, 2-methoxy, 2-methoxy-4-vinyl-phenol, 2-furancarboxaldehyde, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, and 1, 2, 4-trimethoxybenzene increased, especially phenol, 2-methoxy, and 1, 2, 4-trimethoxybenzene. The yields of bio-oil and high-value chemicals were the highest at 500 °C of catalytic pyrolysis and at 300 °C of torrefaction treatment during the fast pyrolysis of camphor wood powder.
Thermal and three-body abrasion behaviors of alkali-treated eucalyptus fiber reinforced polyvinyl chloride composites
Authors: Zhang Keping , Cui Yongting , Yan Wenbin
Published: December 2022

Wood-plastic composites (WPCs) have been widely used as exterior construction materials. The effect of alkali-treated (with NaOH concentrations of 1%, 3%, 5%, and 7%) eucalyptus fiber on the three-body abrasion behaviors of eucalyptus/polyvinyl chloride (PVC) composites was investigated. The results showed that the eucalyptus fiber treated with NaOH had a higher crystallinity and improved hardness and impact strength. The wear loss and rate of alkali-treated eucalyptus/PVC composites was noticeably decreased compared to the natural eucalyptus fiber. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examination on the worn surfaces revealed that the main wear mechanism of the eucalyptus/PVC composites was a combination of microcutting and microindentations.
Low consistency refining combined with screen fractionation: Reduction of mechanical pulping process complexity
Authors: Sandberg Christer , Berg Jan-Erik , Engstrand Per
Published: December 2022

Process intensification is a process development methodology aimed at a considerable reduction in the energy consumption and process complexity. The approach has been applied to mechanical pulping process design. A process denoted as HC-LC-S consisting of single stage high consistency (HC) refining, followed by low consistency (LC) refining and screening was evaluated in mill trials at the Holmen Paper Braviken Mill in Sweden. After LC refining, the pulp was screened, and the reject fraction was fed back to LC refining. Two HC primary refiner types were evaluated, namely single disc (SD) and double disc (DD). Double disc chip refining was more suitable than SD refining for the HC-LC-S process because of the higher light scattering and lower shives content of the final pulp. The tensile index and shives content of the pulp produced with the DD-LC-S process was similar to that of the reference process, consisting of single stage DD refining and HC reject refining, but the fibre length and light scattering were somewhat lower. The specific refining energy was approximately 200 kWh/adt lower for the DD-LC-S process compared with the reference. Additionally, the auxiliary specific energy was 100 kWh/adt lower for the HC-LC-S processes, since a number of equipment units were omitted.
Property changes in the Castanea mollissima Blume shell during composting and an evaluation of the compost maturity
Authors: Zhang Jinping , Ying Yue , Yao Xiaohua , Huang Weihua , Tao Xiangsheng
Published: December 2022

The recycling and utilization of the Castanea mollissima Blume shell can ensure the sustainable development of its processing industry. Composting the C. mollissima shell yields a safe compost product with a high maturity level. In this study, the changes in the temperature, carbon to nitrogen ratio, ammonium-nitrogen levels, nitrate-nitrogen levels, and the seed germination index of composting C. mollissima shells were monitored during its co-composting process with sheep and chicken manure, and a compost maturity index system was established. The results suggested that livestock and poultry manure could accelerate the composting process of C. mollissima shells and prolong the thermophilic phase during the composting. Both the carbon to nitrogen ratio and the ammonium-nitrogen levels in the compost decreased with the prolongation of the composting time, while the nitrate-nitrogen levels and the seed germination index increased during the compositing process. A Pearson correlation analysis indicated that carbon-nitrogen ratio, nitrate-nitrogen levels, and the seed germination index could be used to evaluate the compost maturity of C. mollissima shells.
Predictability of extreme streamflow in Brazilian rivers through climate indices
Authors: Cardoso Andrea O , L Malfatti Maria Gabriela , Silva Dias Pedro L
Published: December 2022

In the present study empirical modeling was used to estimate extreme monthly streamflow in 161 locations of hydroelectric plants in the main Brazilians basins through a climate indices set. Principal components analysis was applied to capture the combined influences of climate indices variability. The main predictors of the models were climate patterns of tropical Atlantic and Pacific (Tropical Southern Atlantic and El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Modoki), complemented by high latitudes patterns (Antarctic Oscillation and Pacific North American Pattern). The contribution of the ENSO/Pacific Decadal Oscillation mode occurs in preferential months, especially in the transition seasons. There is also a contribution of the lagged streamflow itself, mainly in basins located in the Southeast of Brazil. The accuracy of the model for most of the Brazilian basins is higher than 70%, with higher values than 90% for the estimate of very low streamflow in northeast and north-central Brazil, as well as for very high streamflow in south-central region, which performance decreases with the increase in the lag. The results showed that the climate indices have a highly predictive potential for extreme streamflow, with a higher predictability for more long-term forecasts in case of very low streamflow than very high streamflow.
La configuración de proyectos de vida desarrolladores: Un programa para su atención psicopedagógica
Authors: Pérez Gamboa Alfredo Javier , García Acevedo Yanetsy , García Batán Jorge , Raga Aguilar Lis Marianne
Published: December 2022

La investigación tuvo como objetivo potenciar la configuración de proyectos de vida desarrolladores mediante la implementación de un programa para la atención psicopedagógica de estos. Para tal propósito se proponen nuevos conceptos que facilitan el desarrollo de la orientación educativa universitaria. Se emplea una metodología cualitativa con un diseño de investigación acción y el estudio de caso como estrategia para el estudio de la implementación. Se realizó en la Universidad de Camagüey, Cuba; con una muestra de trece estudiantes y ocho profesores, entre noviembre de 2019 y marzo de 2021. Los principales resultados apuntaron hacia una adecuada integración de la orientación educativa al funcionamiento del proceso formativo universitario a partir del desarrollo de los conceptos propuestos y su aplicación en la praxis; la atención psicopedagógica del proyecto de vida dinamizó su configuración con carácter desarrollador, pues se constatan proyectos mejor estructurados, con un mayor grado de realismo, coherencia y una mayor satisfacción en cuanto al proceso formativo. La implementación del programa estuvo marcada por las condiciones propias de la pandemia de COVID-19, aunque se evaluó de forma positiva por su calidad formal, aceptación de las personas participantes y adaptación contextual. Estos resultados demostraron la importancia del manejo del proyecto de vida como una categoría que regula el proceso formativo universitario, las oportunidades y ventajas que ofrece no limitar la atención psicopedagógica a una esfera particular, así como sugieren continuar el proceso de profundización de la relación entre las estrategias de acompañamiento integral asociadas a la orientación educativa.
Concepciones formativas en programas de educación física en seis países de América Latina
Authors: Cunha de Paula Sayonara , Ferreira Neto Amarílio , Sarni Mariana , Dos Santos Wagner
Published: December 2022

Las demandas de la globalización han repercutido en todas las partes de la sociedad y se han generado diferentes reformas en la educación superior latinoamericana. El objetivo del artículo fue analizar la organización de las áreas de formación, la distribución de las asignaturas y las concepciones formativas de Programas de Estudios de los cursos de Educación Física de seis países latinoamericanos, a saber, Argentina (5), Chile (12), Colombia (5), México (3), Perú (2) y Uruguay (2). Desde un diseño comparativo, se caracterizó como una investigación cualitativa y exploratoria basada en el análisis documental. Las fuentes fueron compuestas por los Programas de Estudio de 29 cursos vigentes en 2020. Los resultados identificaron 49 áreas de formación, siendo las asignaturas de las áreas con mayor oferta las que señalaron las concepciones de Educación Física de los cursos: en Argentina, el foco fue en aspectos deportivos y biológicos; en Chile, Perú y Uruguay la centralidad de la formación se presentó en los aspectos pedagógicos de la Educación Física; en Colombia, hubo una diversidad formativa (humanística, biológica, motriz y deportiva); finalmente, en México, el predominio estuvo en la formación para el deporte. Se concluye que la diversidad de áreas de formación genera confusión conceptual en el campo de la Educación Física, por lo que se muestra la necesidad de establecer un estándar mínimo para estos Programas en el conjunto de países latinoamericanos estudiados, con el fin de reducir la disimilitud formativa en eses contextos.
Positive Solutions for a Singular System of Nonlinear Fractional Differential Equations
Authors: Kang Ping
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we study the existence of positive solutions for a system of nonlinear fractional differential equations. The results are based upon the fixed-point theorem of cone expansion and compression type due to Krasnosel’skill. Moreover, Our results generalize and include some known results.
Gastroprotective effects of Prunus laurocerasus L. fruit extracts against the oxidative stress induced by indomethacin in rats
Authors:   Departmenf of Nursing, Faculty of Healthy Science, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey, Berktas Ozlem Aydin , Keskin Arif ,   Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Meram Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey, Peker Emine Gulceri Gulec ,   Departmenf of Nursing, Faculty of Healthy Science, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey
Published: December 2022

Introduction and aim. Prunus laurocerasus L. is a perennial plant belonging to the Rosaceae family and is grown on the shores of the Black Sea Region. In the current study, the effect of P. laurocerasus fruits was investigated in the ulcer model created by the application of indomethacin to rats. Material and methods. Rats divided into five groups: fruit water extract (200 mg/kg), fruit ethanol-water extract (200 mg/kg), lansoprazole agent (LAN, 25 mg/kg), and indomethacin (IND, 25 mg/kg). All administrations were given to animals by oral gavage. At the end of the experiment, macroscopic and biochemical measurements were made in rats. Results. The lipid peroxidation was quite high in rat stomach tissues given IND. The applied LAN and extracts reduced this increase to almost a healthy rate. On the other hand, the amount of glutathione, catalase, and superoxide dismutase activities were found very low in IND applied tissues. The LAN and fruit extracts treatments tried to show their protective feature by increasing this decreased antioxidant level in their own groups. Conclusion. The data obtained determined that both enzyme and non-enzyme antioxidant markers measured in fruit extracts had a protective effect almost as strong as lansoprazole.