bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Shoulder specific exercise therapy is effective in reducing chronic shoulder pain: A network meta-analysis
Authors: Silveira Anelise , Lima Camila , Beaupre Lauren , Chepeha Judy , Jones Allyson
Published: April 2024

Background

Exercise therapy (ET) is frequently an early treatment of choice when managing shoulder pain, yet evidence on its efficacy to expedite recovery is inconsistent. Moreover, the value of adding adjunct therapies (i.e. injections, manual therapy, electrotherapy) to ET is currently unclear. This study combined both direct and indirect evidence across studies on the effectiveness of ET with/without adjunct therapies compared to usual medical care for adults with chronic shoulder pain.

Methods and findings

Using a network meta-analysis, randomized control trials comparing ET along with adjunct therapies were identified in MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Sportdiscus, CENTRAL, Conference Proceedings Citation Index-Science, clinicaltrials.gov, and association websites. Outcomes included pain, range of motion (ROM), and health-related quality of life (HRQL) measures in adult patients with chronic shoulder pain. Data analysis used a Frequentist hierarchical model. CINeMA tool assessed the confidence in the results and Cochrane Risk of Bias tool assessed quality of studies.

54 studies primarily from Europe (40.38%) included 3,893 participants who were followed up to 52 weeks. Shoulder-specific ET (Mean difference (MD) = -2.1; 95% confidence interval (CI) = -3.5 to -0.7) or in combination with electro-physical agents (MD = -2.5; 95% CI = -4.2 to -0.7), injections (MD = -2.4; 95% CI = -3.9 to—1.04) or manual therapy (MD = -2.3; 95% CI = -3.7 to -0.8) decreased pain compared to usual medical care. Trends with ROM and HRQL scores were seen; however, only Manual Therapy (MD = -12.7 and 95% CI = -24.4 to -1.0) achieved meaningfully important changes. Sensitivity analysis excluding studies with high risk of bias showed similar results, with exception of injections that did not reach significance (MD = -1.3; 95% CI = -4.3 to 1.7).

Conclusion(s)

Shoulder-specific ET provided pain relief up to 52 weeks. Adjunct therapies to shoulder-specific ET added little value in reducing pain. The quality of evidence varied between moderate and very low.
Understanding the interactions of genotype with environment and management (G×E×M) to enhance maize productivity in Conservation Agriculture systems of Malawi
Authors: Mhlanga Blessing , Gama Mphatso , Museka Richard , Thierfelder Christian
Published: April 2024

Climatic variability and soil fertility decline present a fundamental challenge for smallholder farmers to determine the optimum management practices in the production of maize. Optimizing genotype (G) and management (M) of maize under different environmental conditions (E) and their interactions are essential for enhancing maize productivity in the smallholder sector of Malawi where maize is the main staple food. Here, we evaluated over seven seasons, the performance of four commercial maize genotypes [including hybrids and one open pollinated variety (OPV)] managed under different Conservation Agriculture (CA) and conventional practices (CP) across on-farm communities of central and southern Malawi. Our results revealed significant G×E and E×M interactions and showed that hybrids such as DKC 80–53 and PAN 53 outyielded the other hybrid and the OPV in most of the environments while the OPV ZM523 had greater yields in environments with above-average rainfall and shorter in-season dry spells. These environments received a maximum of 1250 mm to 1500 mm of rainfall and yet the long-term averages were 855 mm and 1248 mm, respectively. Despite yielding lower, the OPV ZM523 also exhibited higher yield stability across environments compared to the hybrid MH 30, possibly due to its resilience to drought, heat stress, and low soil fertility conditions which are often prevalent in the target communities. Conservation Agriculture-based practices outyielded CP across the genotypes and environments. However, amongst the CA-based systems, intercropping of maize with pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp] and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata Walp.) performed less than monocropping maize and then rotating it with a legume probably due to competition for moisture between the main and the companion crops in the intercrop. The key findings of this study suggest the need to optimize varietal and management options for particular environments to maximize maize productivity in Malawi. This means that smallholder farmers in Malawi should adopt hybrids and CA-based systems for enhanced yields but could also consider OPVs where the climate is highly variable. Further rigorous analysis that includes more abiotic stress factors is recommended for a better understanding of yield response.
Research on sustainable green building space design model integrating IoT technology
Authors: Wang Yuchen , Liu Lu
Published: April 2024

"How can the integration of Internet of Things (IoT) technology enhance the sustainability and efficiency of green building (G.B.) design?" is the central research question that this study attempts to answer. This investigation is important because it examines how green building and IoT technology can work together. It also provides important information about how to use contemporary technologies for environmental sustainability in the building sector. The paper examines a range of IoT applications in green buildings, focusing on this intersection. These applications include energy monitoring, occupant engagement, smart building automation, predictive maintenance, renewable energy integration, and data analytics for energy efficiency enhancements. The objective is to create a thorough and sustainable model for designing green building spaces that successfully incorporates IoT, offering industry professionals cutting-edge solutions and practical advice. The study uses a mixed-methods approach, integrating quantitative data analysis with qualitative case studies and literature reviews. It evaluates how IoT can improve energy management, indoor environmental quality, and resource optimization in diverse geographic contexts. The findings show that there has been a noticeable improvement in waste reduction, energy and water efficiency, and the upkeep of high-quality indoor environments after IoT integration. This study fills a major gap in the literature by offering a comprehensive model for IoT integration in green building design, which indicates its impact. This model positions IoT as a critical element in advancing sustainable urban development and offers a ground-breaking framework for the practical application of IoT in sustainable building practices. It also emphasizes the need for customized IoT solutions in green buildings. The paper identifies future research directions, including the investigation of advanced IoT applications in renewable energy and the evaluation of IoT’s impact on occupant behavior and well-being, along with addressing cybersecurity concerns. It acknowledges the challenges associated with IoT implementation, such as the initial costs and specialized skills needed.
Normative study of 500 general-knowledge of true-false questions for Russian young adults
Authors: Martín-Luengo Beatriz , Zinchenko Oksana , Dolgoarshinnaia Aleksandra , Alekseeva Maria
Published: April 2024

The main aim of this study was to validate 500 true-false general-knowledge questions in Russian. These norms are valuable to researchers in many fields, as is shown by the impact and relevance of similar norms available in other languages. Although the Russian language is widely spoken, there are no norms available in this language for this type of questions. True-false questions are very useful for measuring semantic memory, among other topics, in neurocognitive studies where there is a trade-off between experimental time and the need for many trials. These types of experimental materials are heavily rooted in cultural background knowledge, making the mere translation from one language to another insufficient. The present research aims to fill this gap. One hundred fifty-five participants answered 500 true-false general knowledge questions split over several consecutive days and three topics: Social Sciences, Natural Sciences, and Culture & Sport. The participants’ task was to indicate whether the statements were true or not, as well as the confidence they had in the correctness of their answer. Despite obtaining questions on each of the topics covering all difficulty levels, grouped analyses showed that Social Science’s accuracy was higher than for Natural Science’s or Culture & Sport questions. In relation to confidence, the grouped perceived difficulty was higher for questions about Culture & Sports when compared with the other two topics. Thus, this study reports and makes available a large pool of Russian true-false general knowledge questions covering different levels of difficulty.
Winners and losers: Emotional shifts across elections are conveyed by a politician’s smile
Authors: Senior Carl , Stewart Patrick A. , Bucy Erik , Lee Nick
Published: April 2024

The human smile can convey both rewarding and affiliative social intent and thus has significant utility in politics, where the ability to bond with and reassure voters is vital to electoral success. We examine experimental evidence from the 2019 UK general election to investigate the influence of a politician’s reward or affiliative smile on voter emotions. It was hypothesised that the winner’s affiliative smile would engender positive affect across all partisan groups compared to the winner’s reward smile display. Participants from a nationally representative sample were shown campaign footage containing both types of smiles from the leaders of the main competing political parties both before and after the election. Increases in happiness and affinity were revealed across all partisan groups when shown footage of the eventual winner’s affiliative smile; at the same time, supporters of losing parties indicated a decrease in negative affect. Affinity has been shown to increase civic engagement. Thus, we conclude that affiliative smiles displayed by leading candidates during the campaign likely acted as a mechanism to align voter behaviour with the dominant political message.
Predicting the presence of infectious virus from PCR data: A meta-analysis of SARS-CoV-2 in non-human primates
Authors: Snedden Celine E. , Lloyd-Smith James O.
Published: April 2024

Researchers and clinicians often rely on molecular assays like PCR to identify and monitor viral infections, instead of the resource-prohibitive gold standard of viral culture. However, it remains unclear when (if ever) PCR measurements of viral load are reliable indicators of replicating or infectious virus. The recent popularity of PCR protocols targeting subgenomic RNA for SARS-CoV-2 has caused further confusion, as the relationships between subgenomic RNA and standard total RNA assays are incompletely characterized and opinions differ on which RNA type better predicts culture outcomes. Here, we explore these issues by comparing total RNA, subgenomic RNA, and viral culture results from 24 studies of SARS-CoV-2 in non-human primates (including 2167 samples from 174 individuals) using custom-developed Bayesian statistical models. On out-of-sample data, our best models predict subgenomic RNA positivity from total RNA data with 91% accuracy, and they predict culture positivity with 85% accuracy. Further analyses of individual time series indicate that many apparent prediction errors may arise from issues with assay sensitivity or sample processing, suggesting true accuracy may be higher than these estimates. Total RNA and subgenomic RNA showed equivalent performance as predictors of culture positivity. Multiple cofactors (including exposure conditions, host traits, and assay protocols) influence culture predictions, yielding insights into biological and methodological sources of variation in assay outcomes–and indicating that no single threshold value applies across study designs. We also show that our model can accurately predict when an individual is no longer infectious, illustrating the potential for future models trained on human data to guide clinical decisions on case isolation. Our work shows that meta-analysis of in vivo data can overcome longstanding challenges arising from limited sample sizes and can yield robust insights beyond those attainable from individual studies. Our analytical pipeline offers a framework to develop similar predictive tools in other virus-host systems, including models trained on human data, which could support laboratory analyses, medical decisions, and public health guidelines.
A media ecology perspective on psychedelics
Authors: Hartogsohn Ido
Published: April 2024

Psychedelic drugs present an intriguing variation on the widely circulated maxim that the medium is the message. Psychedelics are commonly defined as non-specific agents without intrinsic effects, and their effects are described as crucially dependent on internal and external contexts (commonly referred to as set and setting). Psychedelics can therefore be understood as a medium defined by its exceptional pliability and amenability to contextual cues. It thus follows that the effects of psychedelics as a medium are crucially embedded and shaped by their surrounding media. This article observes the intriguing implications and surprising benefits that emerge when examining psychedelics and media ecology in conjunction. It points to ways in which media ecology may enrich our understanding of psychedelics and their effects and to ways in which psychedelics may serve to enhance media ecological literacy and provide a new experimental space for explorations in media ecology.
Rethinking fashion review with architectural fashion analysis method
Authors: McQuillan Vésma Kontere
Published: April 2024

Exploring the interplay between fashion and architecture, this article introduces architectural fashion analysis method, an original methodology for analysing fashion shows through an architectural lens. Focusing on the works of Prada and OMA/AMO, the study delves into the narrative power of space in fashion presentations, informed by theories from Roland Barthes and Adrian Forty, as well as the theoretical model of fashion spaces by McQuillan and Hansen. This approach highlights the underexplored but crucial role of architectural thinking in fashion critique. The article posits that employing architectural principles not only enriches the understanding of fashion but also paves the way for an insightful exploration of fashion’s digital dimension.
Sex Trade and ‘Floating Migration’ in the Colombian Armed Conflict
Authors: Laverde Rodriguez Carlos Alfonso
Published: April 2024

This article analyses the dynamics of the sex trade in the context of the Colombian armed conflict. It argues that the sex trade has adapted to the conflict and its different actors and demonstrates how it operates in such constrained contexts. The article is based on ethnographic research with sex workers in Bogotá who have experience working in different conflict zones. It found that the sex trade is dynamic and that sex workers develop strategies to resist violence and adapt to the respective contexts. These sex workers are a type of ‘floating migrants’, living and surviving on the sex trade not only for the income it generates but also for the relationships they build with other sex workers, establishment managers, and combatants. The article concludes that the sex trade in Colombia did not arise as a result of the armed conflict. Rather, it is a phenomenon that exists as part of a broader market before, during, and after episodes of violence.
Addressing the asymmetry between central and local air protection policies: Insights from Poland
Authors: Balcerek-Kosiarz Marta , Jarubas Adam , Kozicki Bartosz , Mitkow Szymon
Published: April 2024

Purpose: This paper examines the asymmetry between the air protection policies of the central government and local authorities in Poland, using the city of Kraków as a case study.
Methodology: The study employs a comparative method to contrast the Polish state's coal policy with the air protection efforts of the Kraków local government. A systems analysis approach is used to identify the causes and effects of the divergent policies.
Results: The analysis reveals a lack of alignment between the central government's focus on maintaining coal extraction and the local government's efforts to reduce air pollution. Kraków authorities have taken significant measures to improve air quality, but face challenges due to insufficient support from the central government and neighboring municipalities.
Theoretical contribution: The paper highlights the importance of policy symmetry and coordination between different levels of government in addressing complex environmental issues like air pollution. It contributes to understanding multi-level governance dynamics in the context of air protection.
Practical implications: The findings underscore the need for a collaborative model of air protection policy that engages central authorities, local governments, private sector entities, and civil society. Establishing air protection councils at the voivodship, county and municipal levels is proposed as a mechanism to facilitate this coordination. Integrating air quality considerations into local governments' management control systems is also recommended.
Language learning strategies: Motivation and creativity through graphic organizers as a cooperative learning technique
Authors: Mireshghi Maryam , Shahidy Seyed Hamid Reza , Amiri Kordestani Leila
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study was to emphasize the effect of graphic organizers as cooperative learning techniques on EFL learners’ creativity and motivation.Language learners' creativity and drive are increased by cooperative learning that incorporates teamwork and diversity in social and cultural contexts. One method of using visual pictures to arrange knowledge in cooperative learning is the use of graphic organizers. Using graphic organizers can help you read more quickly and with greater comprehension when you read. According to research, using graphic organizers as a cooperative learning strategy in learning methodologies greatly enhances the learning outcomes for EFL students.
Por uma abordagem multidimensional do direito dos desastres frente aos impactos das mudanças climáticas
Authors: Ferrari Flavia Jeane , Souza Netto Antonio Evangelista de , Souza Netto José Laurindo de
Published: April 2024

As mudanças climáticas, aliadas ao sistema insustentável de exploração econômica, têm se tornado um desafio cada vez mais complexo e oneroso em todo o mundo, resultando em desastres ambientais recorrentes. No contexto jurídico nacional, o Direito dos Desastres é um ramo recente que enfrenta desafios e falta de integração, priorizando o pós-desastre em vez da prevenção. Este artigo analisa a abordagem multidimensional do Direito dos Desastres como uma perspectiva integrada para lidar com os impactos das mudanças climáticas. O objetivo principal é investigar os aspectos legais vinculados ao Direito dos Desastres, considerando a legislação existente, as abordagens políticas, econômicas e sociais. A compreensão dessas dimensões é crucial para desenvolver estratégias legais que permitam uma resposta integrada e eficiente, bem como a prevenção de desastres. A análise das dimensões políticas, econômicas e sociais reforça a necessidade de integração e cooperação entre esses aspectos para lidar de forma abrangente com os desafios dos desastres naturais decorrentes das mudanças climáticas. A abordagem multidimensional abordada viabiliza a formulação de estratégias mais eficazes, promovendo a justiça e a equidade para todas as pessoas afetadas ou vulneráveis aos desastres. A fragmentação do Direito dos Desastres, ao enfatizar apenas uma dimensão em detrimento das demais, perpetua as problemáticas socioeconômicas e políticas que alimentam as vulnerabilidades aos desastres.
Prescripción penal y Estado de Derecho
Authors: Demetrio Crespo Eduardo
Published: April 2024

Se reflexiona sobre el triple anclaje (constitucional, penal sustantivo y penal procesal) con estrecha conexión entre sí que explica el fundamento de la prescripción en el Derecho penal y procesal penal del Estado de Derecho constitucional: la autolimitación del ius puniendi (elemento “político”), la falta de necesidad de pena (elemento “natural”) y el debido proceso (elemento “artificial”). Tras analizar cómo se comporta esta institución jurídica con relación a la retribución y a los fines preventivos de la pena, se introducen las variables del merecimiento y necesidad de pena, así como las de la gravedad del delito y el “derecho fundamental al olvido” vinculado a la duración razonable del proceso como argumentos a favor de su naturaleza jurídica material.
New Media, Pandemic, and Discourse on Religious Moderation
Authors: Adeni Adeni , Hasanah Silviatul
Published: April 2024

The websites of NU and Muhammadiyah effectively reconcile religious beliefs with the practicalities of government policies during the pandemic. These organizations have crafted legal frameworks that streamline religious rituals amidst COVID-19 restrictions and containment measures. This study explores how their discourse promotes a harmonious fusion of religious and state values, particularly within organizations known for their moderate approach to religious matters. Utilizing discursive practice and discourse analysis, the study reveals that both NU and Muhammadiyah establish pandemic-specific worship guidelines aligned with government policies. While NU's approach relies on classical Fiqh arguments, Muhammadiyah adopts a more pragmatic and progressive stance. Nevertheless, both organizations share the common goal of ensuring ease and accessibility for the public to practice their faith during these challenging times. This facilitation, grounded in sound reasoning, incorporates adaptations to state policies when selecting thematic approaches. This alignment highlights that NU and Muhammadiyah's moderation concept not only considers the applicability of religious texts to local circumstances but also supports government initiatives aimed at public welfare and addressing the COVID-19 crisis.
Track Dating Hadith Fly Wings
Authors: Mufid Abdul , Sattar Abdul
Published: April 2024

This study explored and analyzed fly wings from the perspectives of hadith and science. It used a qualitative, analytical descriptive approach and integrated Harald Motzki's Isnad Cum Matn analysis with pharmaceutical studies. The research question was: How do hadith and pharmacy view fly wings? The results showed that 21 hadith books mention fly wings, including Sahih Bukhari. The hadith of the fly wings is valid, with Utbah bin Muslim as the common link (disseminator of hadith). From the perspective of pharmaceutical science, most microorganisms on flies, such as germs, viruses, and microbes, can cause diseases. However, drowning flies can neutralize these microorganisms against the fluid they perceive. This shows that science is in harmony with the hadith of the Prophet.
Modelling Surface Roughness of 3/1 Twill Fabric Using Weft Yarn Count and Weft Thread Density
Authors: Mengie Wassie , Beyene Kura Alemayehu , Eshetie Getaneh Alamir
Published: April 2024

The surface roughness of fabric is one of the fabric properties that is used to evaluate the sensorial comfort of clothes. However, its objective evaluation requires sophisticated and expensive testing instruments and skilled testing expertise. Developing a predictive model is therefore an alternative approach to overcome such limitations. This study investigated a regression model to predict the surface roughness of 3/1 twill fabric using weft yarn count and weft thread density. Nine samples were produced by varying the weft yarn count and weft thread density at three different levels, while their surface roughness was determined using a Kawabata instrument (KES-FB4) under standard testing conditions. A two-factor predictive model equation was developed using design expert software. Based on the results and findings, the effects of count and density on the roughness of 3/1 twill fabric were found to be statistically significant for the developed model at a confidence interval of 95%. The model was tested by correlating the measured and predicted surface roughness values of 100% cotton 3/1 twill fabric. The results of the model test indicate a significant correlation (R2 = 0.9644) between the measured and predicted surface roughness values of 3/1 twill fabric, with a 95% confidence interval.
Model validation was performed, and the study showed that the measured and predicted values of the surface roughness of 3/1 twill fabric have a 0.828 coefficient of determination (R2). This indicates that the surface roughness of 3/1 twill fabric can be predicted well by weft yarn count and weft thread density. This model can be thus used in textile industries and by research institutes for predicting the surface roughness of 3/1 twill fabrics in the new product development process.
Acute Mitral Valve Regurgitation Caused by Left Ventricular Pacing Wire During Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Son Byeng-Ju , Kim Ung , Nam Jong-Ho , Choi Kang-Un , Park Jong-Il , Son Jang-Won
Published: April 2024

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement is quickly becoming the standard of care for patients with severe aortic stenosis thanks to its minimally invasive nature and favorable outcomes. Recently, left ventricular pacing has been proposed as a safer alternative to traditional right heart pacing, which could simplify the transcatheter aortic valve replacement procedure overall, although procedural complications may still occur. This report describes a rare case of left ventricular pacing wire–induced acute severe mitral valve regurgitation during transcatheter aortic valve replacement.
Effects of interior doors on the audibility of fire alarms
Authors: Mohai Ágota Zsuzsanna , Elek Barbara
Published: April 2024

One of the most important purposes of installing fire alarm systems is to provide an alarm signal in the protected building in the event of a fire. Fire alarms are most often provided by networked audible warning devices. The signal must be easily and quickly detectable and identifiable so that the occupants inside can start to escape after the alarm has been sounded. This is apparently a simple expectation, but if you look at the efficiency of fire alarms as a whole, and the effects that determine whether an evacuation will occur in response to an alarm during an actual fire, the question is not so simple anymore. In this article, we will examine the circumstances that may affect the alarm signal. Among these aspects, we will focus on the soundproofing properties of building structures, including interior doors, and their effect on sound propagation. By carrying out on-site measurements, we verify the design principles used in engineering practice, looking for the factors that may influence efficiency of the fire alarms in today’s construction environment. We hypothesise that the increase in sound insulation of certain building materials and structures has an increasingly negative effect on the audibility of fire alarm signals.
A Review of High Functional Cognitive Assessment Tools in Cognitivie Rehabilitation : Focused on Executive Functions
Authors:   The Korean Society of Occupational Therapy, Han Yebin , Lim Young Myoung , Park Ji-Hyuk
Published: April 2024

Objective: This study aims to conduct an analysis according to the frequency of use, implementation method, and evaluation area of high-functional cognitive assessment tool.
Methods: A systematic review of literature published from January 2017 to December 2022 was conducted, and the frequency, subjects, evaluation methods, and evaluation areas of 9 evaluation tools extracted from 45 papers suitable for the selection criteria were analyzed.
Results: The most commonly used frontal lobe evaluation tool was identified as BRIEF. As a result of analyzing the subjects using the evaluation tool, Cerebral Palsy was the most common subject diagnosis. Most of the evaluation types were task performance assessments. The frontal systems behavior scale (FrSBe), dysexecutive questionnaire (DEX), and computerized neurocognitive battery (CNB) included areas for evaluating emotional and psychosocial cognitive components along with executive functions, and the executive function praxis test (EFPT) was the only ADL-based task performance assessment Most of the assessments were reliable and valid.
Conclusion: The number of evaluation tools measuring both 'Hot executive function (EF)' and 'Cold EF' was small, and the number of evaluation tools based on the practice of daily tasks was also limited. Both development and research on a comprehensive frontal lobe function evaluation tool that complements this point are needed to evaluate a wider frontal lobe area and enable independent functions in daily life, which are important for rehabilitation treatment.
A Survey on the Current Status and Future Directions for Cognitive Rehabilitation in Korea: From the Perspective of Occupational Therapists in Clinical Practice
Authors:   The Korean Society of Occupational Therapy, Kim Young-Geun , Hong Seung-Pyo , Lee Hee-Ryoung , Ju Yumi , Han Dae-Sung
Published: April 2024

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the current status of cognitive rehabilitation (CR) and provide policy suggestions and future directions. Methods: From September 2022 to February 2023, a survey was distributed to currently working members of the Korean Society of Cognitive Rehabilitation. A total of 154 participants responded to the questionnaire. The survey contained 104 items about the development, problems, and future directions of CR, which were validated from the previous Delphi pilot study, and a 5-point scale was used for scoring. Results: The role of the occupational therapist (OT) in CR has been legally covered. Post-professional education has improved, and the number of organizations and therapists providing CR has increased. However, there is also a need to develop occupation-based cognitive assessments and intervention tools for short practice sessions. Institutionally, medical insurance reimbursements for CR and guidelines for the therapist’s role should be developed. The OTs recognized the need for functional occupation-based CR rather than a bottom-up approach for implementation in clinical practice. Conclusion: CR is one of the major specialties of OT, therefore, future research is needed to address systemic issues such as medical insurance reimbursement and support clinical professionalism.
Occupational Therapy for Apraxia
Authors:   The Korean Society of Occupational Therapy, Lee Hee-Ryoung , Woo Hee-Soon
Published: April 2024

Purpose: Apraxia is a target of occupational therapy because it negatively affects a person ability and independence in performing basic and instrumental activities of daily living and the person’s social participation. We aimed to provide comprehensive information related to apraxia to effectively provide occupational therapy for patients with apraxia.
Subjects: Diagnosis of apraxia involves evaluation through clinical observation, such as the ability to pantomime, imitate, and complete multi-step tasks, and standardized evaluation tools, such as the Test of Upper Limb Apraxia (TULIA) and the Apraxia Screen of TULIA (AST). Evidence-based interventions for apraxia include gesture and strategy training. Although evidence is still lacking, interventions using virtual reality or mirrors are also being introduced to treat apraxia. Interventions based on functional cognition concepts can also be applied to the treatment of apraxia. Functional cognitive interventions include tasks/habits and strategies and indirect interventions.
Conclusion: Apraxia can cause difficulties when attempting to perform intentional movements, thereby reducing a participant's ability to perform functional activities. Accordingly, implementing patient-centered occupational therapy tailored to the special needs of patients with apraxia is necessary. Findings of this study will be meaningful for the implementation of evidence-based occupational therapy for apraxia.
MEDRESE-İDEOLOJİ İLİŞKİSİNE DAİR YENİ BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: Coşkun Özlem
Published: April 2024

Tarih, insanlığın ortak bilincidir. Tarihin bir alt disiplini olan Eğitim Tarihi ise toplumların en eski tarihlerden günümüze kadar eğitim ve öğretimle ilgili ürettiği, geliştirdiği ve benimsediği düşünceleriyle, oluşturduğu kurum, program ve uygulamalarıyla nasıl bir insan tipi yetiştirilmeye çalışıldığını problem edinmiştir. Bu makalede eğitim tarihinin problem alanı ve araştırma sınırları içerinde Türk-İslam Tarihi’nin eğitim kurumlarından biri olan medreselerle birlikte kavram olarak eğitim ve ideoloji kavramları incelenmekte ve medrese ile ideoloji arasındaki ilişki değerlendirilmektedir. Kaynak taranma metodunun uygulandığı bu çalışmada, ideolojinin popüler olan olumsuz tanım ve kullanımından ziyade kavramın olumlu olan üç tanım ve kullanımı söz konusu ilişkinin analizinde ele alınmaktadır. Bu makalenin önemi, medrese-ideoloji ilişkisini ideolojinin olumlu yönleri etrafında değerlendiren bir çalışma olmasıdır. Bu çalışmanın söz konusu ilişkiyle Eğitim Tarihi’nin problematiğine yeni, güncel ve farklı bir bakış açısı sunacağına inanıyoruz.
SOSYAL MEDYA KULLANIMININ BİREYLERİN HEDONİK TÜKETİM ALIŞKANLIKLARINA ETKİSİ
Authors: Çalışkan Hakan , Kızbaz Arzu
Published: April 2024

Teknolojinin ilerlemesiyle birlikte iletişim teknolojilerinde yaşanan evrimler ve dijital çağın sağladığı olanaklar, bireylerin pasif mesaj alıcılarından ziyade, içerik üreten, paylaşan ve görüş bildiren aktif katılımcılara dönüşmelerine olanak tanımıştır. Bu gelişmeler, iletişimin çift yönlü bir karakter kazanmasına ve yeni medya akımının ortaya çıkmasına neden olmuştur. Böylece, bireyler dijital çağın avantajlarından faydalanarak etkileşimli bir iletişim ortamında aktif rol oynamaktadır. Sosyal medya platformları, günümüzde hayatımızda önemli bir yer edinmiştir. İletişim teknolojilerindeki değişimle birlikte pazarlama stratejileri de dijitalleşmiş, şirketler hedef kitlelerine daha ekonomik ve hızlı bir şekilde sosyal medya aracılığıyla ulaşma imkânına sahip olmuştur. Dijital pazarlama, reklam ve tanıtım faaliyetlerini geleneksel medyaya göre daha etkili bir şekilde gerçekleştirme olanağı sunmaktadır. Ayrıca, kurumsal iletişim fonksiyonları da dijital ortamda daha etkin bir biçimde icra edilmektedir. Sosyal medya, özellikle reklamlar aracılığıyla düşük bilinç düzeyine sahip bireyleri etkileyerek hedonik tüketim alışkanlıklarının oluşmasına katkı sağlamaktadır. Reklamların yanı sıra, sosyal medya platformları üzerinden sağlanan tek tıklamayla alışveriş, hızlı erişim, kalite ve fiyat karşılaştırma gibi olanaklar da bireyleri sosyal medya ortamında alışveriş yapmaya teşvik etmektedir. Bu durum, sosyal medya kullanımının ve sosyal medya reklamlarının hedonik tüketim alışkanlıklarını olumsuz yönde etkilediğini göstermektedir. Bu araştırmada, bireylerin tüketim alışkanlıkları ve sosyal medyanın bu alışkanlıklar üzerinde etkisi incelenirken, hedonik tüketim alışkanlıklarında sosyal medyanın izi sürülecektir.
1927 NÜFUS SAYIMINA GÖRE İÇEL VİLAYETİNİN NÜFUS ÖZELLİKLERİ
Authors: Öztürk İbrahim
Published: April 2024

Türk Milleti, Trablusgarp Savaşı ile Milli Mücadele Dönemi’nin sonuna kadar aralıksız 11 yıl boyunca savaşmıştır. Balkan Savaşları sonrasında ise yaşanan göç hareketliliği Anadolu coğrafyasının demografik yapısında önemli değişimlere sebep olmuştur. Türk Milleti binlerce vatandaşını cephelerde kaybetmiş, binlerce vatandaşı da yaralanmıştır. Milli Mücadele’nin kazanılması ile birlikte başlayan inkılap hareketleri ve yeni kurulan Cumhuriyet idaresi geleceğe dair politikalarını belirleyebilmek, ulus-devlet inşasını sağlayabilmek, Türkiye’nin demografik gücünü etkin ve verimli kullanabilmek için Anadolu nüfusunun hem nicel hem de nitel özelliklerini belirlemeyi amaçlamıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda Türkiye’nin ilk nüfus sayımı 28 Ekim 1927 tarihinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu nüfus sayımında Anadolu halkının medeni halleri, maluliyet durumları, okuma yazma oranları, meslekleri, konuştukları ana dilleri gibi pek çok niteliği belirlenmiş olup bu durum 1927 Genel Nüfus Sayımının önemini artırmaktadır.
Bu çalışmada 1927 Genel Nüfus Sayımı sonuçlarına göre İçel Vilayetinin nüfus özellikleri değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmada İçel Vilayetinin 1927 yılı itibariyle sahip olduğu nüfusunun okuma yazma oranları, kadın erkek nüfusu, mesleki dağılımları, ana dilleri, medeni halleri, dini yapısı gibi sosyal, kültürel ve ekonomik özelliklerinin ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma konusu hakkında Başbakanlık İstatistik Umum Müdürlüğü 1927 Yılı Umumu Nüfus Tahriri ve tetkik eserler taranarak, İçel Vilayetinin demografik özellikleri detaylandırılmaya çalışılmıştır.
Banana Peel Adsorbent to Reduce the Concentration of Lead and Cadmium Metal Pollution in Landfill Leachate
Authors: Milawati Sri , Adhitiyawarman Adhitiyawarman , Nusantara Rossie Wiedya
Published: April 2024

Banana peels can be a valuable adsorbent for reducing heavy metals in water. This study investigated the effect of chemical activators on Nipah banana peel (Musa acuminata balbisiana) on their ability to reduce Pb and Cd metals in landfill leachate. Before the adsorption test, the banana peels were treated with a different chemical activator, including detergent, NaOH, KOH, and H3PO4. The results showed that H3PO4 adsorbs relatively high amounts of metals (Pb-75.800%, Cd-18.491%) in landfill leachate among these activators. FTIR analysis showed that banana peels treated with H3PO4 produced sharper carbonyl or carboxyl group peaks. These groups are very influential in the metal adsorption process. SEM-EDS analysis of the H3PO4-treated banana peels showed an increase in carbon and oxygen elements in the banana peels and changes in the pore surface that enhanced the adsorption process on Pb and Cd metals. From this study, banana peels activated with H3PO4 showed great potential to be developed into adsorbents to reduce heavy metal concentration.
VYŠNÝ P. – PUCHOVSKÝ J. Právne dejiny Latinskej Ameriky: Koloniálne obdobie a obdobie nezávislých štátov
Authors: Beránek Jan
Published: April 2024

Book review on VYŠNÝ P. – PUCHOVSKÝ J. Právne dejiny Latinskej Ameriky: Koloniálne obdobie a obdobie nezávislých štátov. Trnava: Typi Universitatis Tyrnaviensis, 2022, 336 s.
Influence of trace elements changes in the cerebellum on the rat’s behavior in elevated plus maze in the early period of mild blast-induced traumatic brain injury
Authors: Kozlova Yu. V.
Published: April 2024

The aim of the current study was to determine whether there are changes in brain trace elements of rats with blast-induced trauma and if these changes affect behavior in the elevated plus maze.
Materials and methods. The study was carried out on 126 sexually mature male Wistar and were divided into 3 groups: Experimental – exposed to a shock wave 26.4 ± 3.6 kPa (n = 42); Sham (n = 42), the animals of which were subjected to inhalation anesthesia with halothane and fixation in a horizontal position; and Intact (n = 42). Behavior was study in elevated plus maze. The duration of presence in the open and closed arms, the number of stands, the duration of grooming was recorded in all groups of rats for 3 minutes. After, the animals were euthanized with halothane, followed by removal of the brain. The cerebellum was completely separated for spectral analysis using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis (EDRFA) on the analyzer EXPERT 3 XL.
Results. Results showed significant changes of cognitive activity in experimental group which are indicate functional disorders of the cerebellum in the form of maladaptation in space with subsequent inhibition of motor centers. Cu/Fe ratio was decreased in the 14th and 21st days and increased in the 28th. Cu/Zn ratio was decreased on the 14th day. Zn/Fe ratio was higher on the 14th and 28th days. The existence of correlations between changes in trace elements and behavioral disorders in experimental rats was established.
Conclusions. In the early period of blast-induced traumatic brain injury, cerebellar dysfunction in the form of spatial maladaptation with subsequent depression of motor centers was observed in the experimental rats Correlation analysis showed the presence of different strengths and directions of relationships between the ratios of Cu/Fe, Cu/Zn and Zn/Fe in the cerebellum and behavioral indicators in the elevated plus maze (duration of stay in open and closed arms, grooming and vertical motor activity) of experimental rats.
Features of quality of life formation in children with visual impairments
Authors: Denysiuk L. I.
Published: April 2024

The relevance of the study is determined by the importance of complete healthy visual perception for quality of life and productivity in childhood. Prognostic calculations by international experts indicate increasing trends in the prevalence of ophthalmic pathology, with projections suggesting that by 2050, practically one-third of the world’s population will have visual impairments, the vast majority of which are diagnosed in childhood.
Aim. To study changes in the quality of life of children of different ages, its components, which continue to form during childhood under the influence of diagnosed ophthalmic pathology.
Materials and methods. We analyzed the results of a sociological study using adapted versions of the standardized Children’s Visual Function Questionnaire (CVFQ). Research methods included: medical-statistical, analytical-synthetic, sociological survey. The medical-statistical method involved calculating the standard deviation (σ – sigma) and standardized values of life quality assessment components (according to the CVFQ standardized questionnaire processing instructions).
Results. The sections of CVFQ cover six main categories of children’s quality of life: self-perception of general health status; self-assessment of vision; skills; personality status; support and family impact; treatment-related restrictions. In total, the adapted questionnaire version for children up to 3 years old contained 35 questions, and for children older than 3 years old, 40 questions. The main group included 788 individuals (of which 380 (48.2 %) had children under 3 years old and 408 (51.8 %) had children over 3 years old). The control group included 590 individuals (260 (44.1 %) had children under 3 years old and 330 (55.9 %) had children over 3 years old).
The research results prove the prospects of implementing medical-preventive strategies in providing primary and specialized ophthalmic medical care, considering the significant impact of ophthalmic pathology on the formation of quality of life components in children of different ages. It is proven that the prevalence of ophthalmic pathology increases with the age of children.
Conclusions. The significant medical and social importance of visual function disorders at different ages potentially threatens disability, socialization disorders, and productivity of ophthalmic patients. The growing medical and social significance of eye diseases nowadays imposes updated requirements for organizing the provision of ophthalmic care to various segments of the population.
Simultaneous operations in patients with combined pathology of the thyroid and parathyroid glands
Authors: Tielushko Ya. V. , Loburets K. O.
Published: April 2024

The combination of thyroid and parathyroid gland pathology is a rather rare combination of diseases that occurs in 2.0–5.0 % of patients with thyroid pathology, and their combination in the population is less than 0.1 %.
The aim of the study. To improve the diagnosis and treatment of patients with combined pathology of the thyroid and parathyroid glands.
Materials and methods. The retrospective analysis covers the period from January 2013 to December 2023, during which 912 patients with thyroid pathology were examined and operated on. Examination of patients was carried out according to the method of diagnosis of combined surgical pathology developed by us (utility model patent No. 128139, Ukraine). The gender structure was dominated by female patients: 773 (84.8 %) and 139 (15.2 %). The average age of patients in the study group was 54.9 ± 11.7 years.
Results. After the examination, combined surgical pathology was found in 201 (22.1 %) patients. In 36 (17.9 %) of them, the pathology of the prostate gland was detected as a concomitant disease. In the structure of parathyroid pathology in 35 (97.2 %) patients, a benign lesion of the prostate gland was detected, in 1 (2.8 %) – cancer of the parathyroid gland. In the structure of the main thyroid pathology, 14 (38.9 %) patients were diagnosed with multinodular euthyroid goiter, 4 (11.1 %) with mononodous euthyroid goiter, 9 (25.0 %) with diffuse toxic goiter, 3 (8, 3 %) – mononodous toxic goiter, 6 (16.7 %) – papillary thyroid cancer. Clinical symptoms of hypoparathyroidism were observed in 21 (58.3 %) patients after surgery. In 3 (8.3 %) patients, seroma of the neck wound was detected in the postoperative period. There were no fatalities.
Conclusions. The use of the developed method of diagnosing combined surgical pathology makes it possible to detect concomitant surgical pathology in 22.1 % of patients with endocrine diseases, which requires simultaneous operative intervention. In the structure of combined surgical pathology, in 17.9 % of cases, a combination of diseases of the thyroid gland and parathyroid gland was observed. Simultaneous surgical intervention for combined thyroid pathology and diseases of the thyroid gland does not lead to an increase in perioperative complications and mortality.
Saccharina sporophytes settling on kelp cultivation rafts come from wild intertidal populations and not from the farmed cultivars
Authors: Li Xiaodong , Wang Yanjun , Xiao Luyang , Huang Ershuai , Liu Xiao , Shan Tifeng , Pang Shaojun
Published: April 2024

Wild-type sporophytes of Saccharina japonica have been recurrently observed on the infrastructures of kelp farming rafts in China’s northern production region (Liaoning and Shandong provinces). However, there are few detailed reports delineating their origin, genetic attributes and affiliations with farmed populations. Using microsatellite molecular analyses, we furnish a comparative analysis of the populations sampled from these rafts at one of the historical kelp farming regions Rongcheng city (Shandong province), both before and after the “2021–2022 kelp farming disaster”, in conjunction with two field populations from nearby intertidal zones where natural populations prevail. The results show that the wild kelp populations on the kelp farming rafts in 2023 had originated from the wild populations dwelling in intertidal zones several kilometers away, rather than from the artificially cultivated kelp cultivars.
A sisterhood of constructions? A structural priming approach to modelling links in the network of Objoid Constructions
Authors: Bouso Tamara , Hundt Marianne , Van Driessche Laetitia
Published: April 2024

A central aim of Construction Grammar is to model links within the construct-i-con. This paper investigates three constructions that share one property: an atypical element in the object slot. The constructions are therefore not prototypically transitive. Structural priming (implemented with an automatic maze variant of self-paced reading) is used to test hypotheses on the relation among the Reaction Objoid (She smiled her thanks), the Cognate Objoid (She smiled a sweet smile or He told a sly tale), and the Superlative Objoid (She smiled her sweetest) Construction, and between two variants of the latter (They worked (at) their hardest). Results support transitivity as gradient: intransitive COCs prime the ROC and the SOC, whereas COCs with transitives only prime the ROC. For variants of the SOC, we find evidence of asymmetric priming with the bare SOC priming the at-SOC. Within-construction priming effects in the SOC are of greater magnitude than those with the at-SOC and the latter are weaker than those of the COC and of a rather different nature than those from the ROC. This suggests that speakers, rather than creating a constructeme between the bare and the at-SOC, store distinct but closely related constructions on a cline of transitivity.