bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analyzing network pharmacology and molecular docking to clarify Duhuo Jisheng decoction potential mechanism of osteoarthritis mitigation
Authors: Cui Zhenhai , Zhang Weidong , Le Xuezhen , Song Kunyu , Zhang Chunliang , Zhao Wenhai , Sha Liquan
Published: December 2022

As a classic remedy for treating Osteoarthritis (OA), Duhuo Jisheng decoction has successfully treated countless patients. Nevertheless, its specific mechanism is unknown. This study explored the active constituents of Duhuo Jisheng decoction and the potential molecular mechanisms for treating OA using a Network Pharmacology approaches. Screening active components and corresponding targets of Duhuo parasite decoction by traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform database. Combining the following databases yielded OA disease targets: GeneCards, DrugBank, PharmGkb, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, and therapeutic target database. The interaction analysis of the herb-active ingredient-core target network and protein–protein interaction protein network was constructed by STRING platform and Cytoscape software. Gene ontology functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis were carried out. PyMOL and other software were used to verify the molecular docking between the essential active components and the core target. 262 active ingredients were screened, and their main components were quercetin, kaempferol, wogonin, baicalein, and beta-carotene. 108 intersection targets of disease and drug were identified, and their main components were RELA, FOS, STAT3, MAPK14, MAPK1, JUN, and ESR1. Gene ontology analysis showed that the key targets were mainly involved in biological processes such as response to lipopolysaccharide, response to xenobiotic stimulus, and response to nutrient levels. The results of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis show that the signal pathways include the AGE − RAGE signaling pathway, IL − 17 signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, and Toll − like receptor signaling pathway. Molecular docking showed that the main active components of Duhuo parasitic decoction had a good bonding activity with the key targets in treating OA. Duhuo Jisheng decoction can reduce the immune-inflammatory reaction, inhibit apoptosis of chondrocytes, strengthen proliferation and repair of chondrocytes and reduce the inflammatory response in a multi-component-multi-target-multi-pathway way to play a role in the treatment of OA.
Uterine inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor presented as abnormal uterine bleeding: Two cases report and literature review
Authors: Tang Furong , Dai Guanlin , Huang Xing , Wang Danqing
Published: December 2022

Rationale:

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is an extremely rare soft tissue neoplasm consisting of the proliferation of fibroblastic-myofibroblastic cells with inflammatory infiltrates. It is known to occur in many parts of the body and can generally present with benign or locally recurrent behavior. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase is a specific diagnostic marker for IMT, and approximately 50% of IMT patients have anaplastic lymphoma kinase gene rearrangements. Reports of the female genital tract are rare.

Patient concerns:

Two patients (a 32-year-old multigravida and a 22-year-old nullipara) visited our clinic because of abnormal uterine bleeding and a uterine mass.

Diagnoses:

Histopathological examination, immunohistochemical markers, and fluorescence in situ hybridization confirmed the presence of a rare uterine IMT.

Interventions:

The masses were completely resected via hysteroscopy. The multigravida recurred rapidly in terms of symptoms and images, whereas the nullipara was complaint-free during the follow-up period. Finally, the multigravida underwent hysterectomy and bilateral salpingectomies.

Outcomes and lessons:

Uterine IMTs can be easily overlooked because of their extremely low incidence rate and insufficient awareness among clinicians; however, uterine IMTs need to be considered in the differential diagnosis of uterine masses. Possible differences in the biological behavior of IMT may exist in different individuals.
Coexistence of primary pulmonary meningioma and metastatic papillary renal cell carcinoma of the lung: A rare case report with review of the literature
Authors: Tang Hao , He Yutao , Wang Long , Wu Guomin , Wang Lina , Xu Yujuan , Guo Deyu
Published: December 2022

Rationale:

Primary pulmonary meningioma (PPM) is extremely rare tumor and only a few reports have been reported to date. PPM may be overlooked when it coexists with other types of tumors in the lung. It is essential to have a knowledge of the clinicopathological features of PPM and to recognize this rare coexistence.

Patient concerns:

A 57-year-old male underwent surgery for papillary renal cell carcinoma, when 2 pulmonary nodules were detected using chest computed tomography.

Diagnosis:

The coexistence of benign PPM and metastatic papillary renal cell carcinoma was histologically confirmed.

Interventions:

A lobectomy was performed.

Outcomes:

The patient recovered well after surgery and was discharged on postoperative day 4.

Lessons:

Duo to the rarity of PPM, it is easily overlooked, especially when it coexists with other tumors in the lung. The possibility of PPM needs to be taken into account when diagnosing pulmonary nodules in clinical practice.
A Japanese boy with Bardet-Biedl syndrome caused by a novel homozygous variant in the ARL6 gene who was initially diagnosed with retinitis punctata albescens: A case report
Authors: Mizumoto Keitaro , Kato Kumiko , Fujinami Kaoru , Sugita Tadasu , Sugita Iichiro , Hattori Ayako , Saitoh Shinji , Ueno Shinji , Tsunoda Kazushige , Iwata Takeshi , Kondo Mineo
Published: December 2022

Purpose:

Bardet-Biedl Syndrome (BBS) is an autosomal recessive systemic disorder characterized by retinitis pigmentosa, polydactyly, obesity, intellectual disability, renal impairments, and hypogonadism. The purpose of this study was to determine the ocular characteristics of a boy with BBS caused by a novel homozygous variant in the ARL6 (alternative named BBS3) gene who had been originally diagnosed with retinitis punctata albescens.

Methods:

This was an observational case study. The patient underwent ophthalmological examinations, electroretinography, and genetic analyses using whole-exome sequencing.

Results:

A 7-year-old boy was examined in our hospital with complaints of a progressive reduction of his visual acuity and night blindness in both eyes. There was no family history of eye diseases and no consanguineous marriage. Fundus examinations showed numerous white spots in the deep retina and retinal pigment epithelium. Fundus autofluorescence showed hypofluorescence consistent with these spots. Both the scotopic and photopic components of the full-field electroretinographies were non-detectable. Based on these clinical findings, this boy was suspected to have retinitis punctata albescens. Subsequent genetic testing using whole-exome sequencing revealed a novel homozygous variants in the ARL6/BBS3 gene (NM_001278293.3:c.528G>A, (p.Trp176Ter)). A systemic examination by the pediatric department revealed that this boy had a history of a surgical excision of polydactyly on his left foot when he was born, and that he was mildly obese. There were no prominent intellectual or gonadal dysfunctions, no craniofacial or dental abnormalities, no congenital heart disease, and no hearing impairment. He was then clinically and genetically diagnosed with BBS.

Conclusion and importance:

In children with night blindness and progressive visual dysfunction, it is important for ophthalmologists to consult clinical geneticists and pediatricians to rule out the possibility of systemic diseases such as BBS.
High expression of GSKIP is associated with poor prognosis in meningioma
Authors: Cheng Yu-Wen , Chen Yang-Yi , Lin Chien-Ju , Lieu Ann-Shung , Tsai Hung-Pei , Kwan Aij-Lie
Published: December 2022

Meningiomas are the most common extra-axial primary central nervous system tumors. There is no effective treatment or targeted therapy for meningioma except excision and radiotherapy. glycogen synthesis kinase 3β interaction protein (GSKIP) is an A-kinase anchor protein that has cytosolic scaffolding function and binds to a protein kinase A and glycogen synthesis kinase 3β to modulate different biological processes and malignant tumorigenesis through the Wnt pathway. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between GSKIP expression and the clinico-pathological parameters in meningioma using immunohistochemical staining. We collected samples from 74 patients, from 2008 to 2012, in the Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital that had data on the staging and prognosis of the meningioma pathological section. Chi-square, Kaplan-Meier method, and cox regression were used to analyze the correlation between clinical parameters and immunohistochemistry staining for GSKIP. Following our immunohistochemical score, we found that higher expression of GSKIP was associated with high World Health Organization grading, recurrence, malignant transformation, and reduced overall survival time and recurrence-free survival time in meningioma. GSKIP may be a biomarker of poor prognosis and a target protein for therapy in meningioma.
Efficacy of intensive antibiotic regimens on postcraniotomy fever and cerebrospinal fluid examination results in patients with infratentorial surgeries
Authors: Yao Yuan , Wang Xian
Published: December 2022

Postcraniotomy fever is a common complication in patients undergoing infratentorial surgeries. There are few studies about it and the efficacy of intensive antibiotic regimens, which remain to be studied. We carried out a retrospective study in patients undergoing infratentorial surgeries to analyze the factors associated with postcraniotomy fever and further investigated the efficacy of different antibiotic regimens on fever and abnormal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) results. Among the 115 patients, 74 (64.3%) had fever after craniotomy. Univariate analysis results showed that disease type, drainage tube placement, duration of drainage tube, and intraoperative bleeding volume were associated with postcraniotomy fever in patients undergoing infratentorial surgeries (P < .05). The multivariate analysis results showed that the duration of drainage tube (odds ratio = 1.010, 95% confidence interval: 1.232–6.178, P = .014) and duration of surgery (odds ratio = 1.010, 95% confidence interval: 1.002–1.017, P = .013) were associated with postcraniotomy fever in these patients. After treatment with different antibiotic regimens, the changes of white blood cells, sugar, chlorine and protein in CSF in patients with intensive antibiotic regimens were −638.48 × 106/L, 0.25 mmol/L, −0.76 mmol/L and −0.16 g/L respectively, which did not show significant differences when compared with ordinary antibiotic regimens (P > .05). Most cases of fever at the early stage after craniotomy in patients with infratentorial surgeries were nonintracranial infectious. Intensive antibiotic regimens did not show obvious advantages in improving the body temperature and CSF examination results. It is not necessary to use intensive antibiotic regimens too early, such as carbapenems or linezolids.
The relation between apical thrombus formation and systemic immune-inflammation index in patients with acute anterior myocardial infarction
Authors: Tok Derya , Ekizler Firdevs Aysenur , Tak Bahar Tekin
Published: December 2022

Left ventricular (LV) apical thrombus formation is a well described and clinically important complication of acute myocardial infarction (MI) with a substantial risk of thromboembolism. Alterations in the inflammatory status may contribute to this complication. The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive role of the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) in identifying high risk patients who will develop an apical thrombus formation during the acute phase of anterior transmural infarction. Consecutive 1753 patients (mean age: 61.5 ± 9.6 years; male: 63.8 %) with first acute anterior MI who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention were assessed. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the presence of apical thrombus. SII was calculated using the following equation: neutrophil (N) × platelet (P) ÷ lymphocyte (L). LV apical thrombus was detected on transthoracic echocardiogram in 99 patients (5.6%). Patients with an apical thrombus had lower LV ejection fraction, prolonged time from symptoms to treatment, higher rate of post-percutaneous coronary intervention thrombolysis in myocardial infarction flow ≤1 and significantly higher mean high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and SII values and lower lymphocyte than those without an apical thrombus. Admission SII level was found to be a significant predictor for early LV apical thrombus formation complicating a first-ever anterior MI. This simple calculated tool may be used to identify high-risk patients for LV thrombus and individualization of targeted therapy.
Improving the quality of life in a breast cancer patient and caregiver: Protocol for the application of the integrative medical service model
Authors: Cheong Moon Joo , Ha Won-Bae , Cho Han-Baek , Choi Un-jong , Woo Hyeon-Jun , Han Yun-Hee , Kang Hyung Won
Published: December 2022

Background:

Patients with chronic diseases require ongoing treatment, and caregivers face financial burdens as well as psychological and physical difficulties. However, the current healthcare system does not provide adequate systems or services to address the difficulties that patients and caregivers face.

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to conduct an observational case study in order to evaluate and improve the application of an integrative healthcare service model developed for distress management and improved quality of life in breast cancer (BC) patients and caregivers.

Method:

The integrative healthcare service model was intensively applied to a patient-caregiver pair in this observational study. This was followed by gathering feedback from participants and experts, as well as reflecting on the content of the feedback in order to improve the model further.

Results:

This study will then modify and improve the program with feedback and provide integrative medical services to a BC patient and caregiver.

Conclusion:

This study used the BC patients’ pain management and quality of life enhancement model, aiming to provide basic data for the establishment of a healthcare service system for patients suffering from chronic pain due to diseases such as BC by systematically integrating previously applied interventions into the current healthcare system and soliciting feedback from patients and caregivers.
Adjacent Fu’s subcutaneous needling as an adjunctive healing strategy for diabetic foot ulcers: Two case reports
Authors: Qi Fei , Huang Huiyi , Cai Yanyan , Fu Zhonghua
Published: December 2022

Rationale:

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) present with different grades of ischemia and infection and are associated with high mortality and disability rates with little effective treatment. We used Fu Subcutaneous Needling (FSN) to treat 2 cases with DFUs and achieved satisfactory results.

Patient concerns:

Two cases of DFUs showed poor recovery after conventional wound care treatment, and case 2 was confronted with the risk of amputation.

Diagnosis:

Two patients with history of diabetes were diagnosed with DFUs, presenting with lower leg and foot ulcers.

Interventions:

Case 1 received 6 sessions of FSN treatment in 8 days, and case 2 received 10 sessions of FSN treatment in 14 days.

Outcomes:

Case 1 completely healed from a 1 × 0.5-cm blister and a 0.5 × 0.5-cm ulcer of the right lower leg 14 days after the first FSN treatment. The ulcer area of the left foot in case 2 decreased from 6 × 7 cm to 4 × 3.5 × 0.2 cm. Three months of follow-up revealed full wound closure.

Lessons:

FSN is effective for healing with DFUs, and it may be used as an adjunctive healing strategy for DFUs patients when conventional treatments such as infection, glycemic control, and local ulcer care are not available.
Invigorating spleen, replenishing qi and tonifying kidney method treatment of traditional Chinese medicine for myasthenia gravis: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Miao , Wang Hongan , Lv Zhiguo , Lu Jing , Zhang Dongmei , Zhu Zhiyue , Wu Chunwei , Tian Ye , Song Chaoqun , Wu Tong , Liu Li , Chen Xinzhi
Published: December 2022

Background:

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease related to the production of autoantibodies. It is mediated by antibodies against acetylcholine receptor (AChR), muscle specific kinase (MuSK) or other AChR related proteins in the postsynaptic muscle membrane, which interfere with the transmission of signals at the neuromuscular junction, resulting in clinical symptoms of skeletal muscle weakness and fatigue, leading to the occurrence and development of MG. At present, the incidence rate of Mg is increasing year by year. At present, the method of invigorating spleen, replenishing qi and tonifying kidney in traditional Chinese medicine has been widely used in the clinical treatment of MG, and the effect is good. The purpose of this study was to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of the method of invigorating the spleen, supplementing qi and tonifying the kidney in the treatment of MG.

Methods:

We will search from the following eight databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, CNKI, Sinomed, Wanfang, and Vip. All randomized controlled trial (RCT) literature has been searched and classified since the establishment of the database to date. In this study, two researchers independently screened and evaluated the quality of the retrieved literature. Cochrane risk bias assessment tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias. The meta-analysis uses RevMan 5.3 software provided by Cochrane Collaboration Network for meta analysis.

Results:

This study compared the main outcome indicators: clinical response rate, recurrence rate, incidence of adverse reactions, quantitative myasthenia gravis score (QMG). Secondary outcomes were clinical absolute score, quality of life score (QOL), levels of inflammatory factors such as IL-6, IL-10, and serum acetylcholine receptor antibody (AChR-Ab) levels.

Conclusion:

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the method of invigorating the spleen, supplementing qi and tonifying the kidney in treating MG, and to provide evidence based medicine.
Direct comparison of an automated oscillometric device with an electronic auscultatory device for epidemiologic survey to evaluate the prevalence of hypertension
Authors: Kim Yu-Mi , Ohn Dae Woong , Kim Seong Heon , Kim Dae-Hee , Park Sang Min , Cho In Jeong , Ihm Sang-Hyun , Sung Ki-Chul , Oh Kyung Won , Shin Jinho , Lee Eun Mi
Published: December 2022

Mercury-free sphygmomanometers are gradually replacing the traditional sphygmomanometers in clinical settings and epidemiological surveys for measuring blood pressure (BP) due to mercury toxicity. No direct comparative studies have evaluated BP differences and statistical errors of automated oscillometric devices (ODs) against electronic auscultatory devices (ADs) for epidemiologic surveys. Herein, we evaluated the validity of ODs for the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) using the Universal Standard for BP device validation through a direct comparison with ADs as the reference standard. Four trained observers performed validation on 278 volunteers aged ≥ 19 years with a standardized BP measurement protocol. Agreement between the BP measurements recorded with an OD against those recorded with an AD was assessed by Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) and Bland–Altman’s limits of agreement. To evaluate the agreement for BP classification, weighted kappa values were estimated. To explore the factors associated with BP measurement differences between the 2 devices, multiple linear regression analysis was performed. The average BP differences (OD-AD) were 2.6 ± 6.2 mm Hg for systolic BP (SBP) and −5.1 ± 5.6 mm Hg for diastolic BP (DBP). Lin’s CCCs were 0.927 and 0.768 for the overall SBP and DBP, respectively. The cumulative percentage of absolute errors ≤10 mm Hg was 88.1% for SBP and 81.3% for DBP. The weighted kappa value for the Joint National Committee 7 BP classification was 0.75 (95% confidence interval: 0.68–0.81). An OD overestimated the prevalence of SBP (0.3%, P = .0222) and underestimated the prevalence of DBP (1.8%, P < .0001). Multivariate analysis to identify the risk factors for BP difference revealed the arm circumference (AC) to be negatively associated with BP difference. Male sex was positively associated, while age was negatively associated with SBP difference. OD-DBP was positively associated with DBP difference and negatively associated for DBP absolute error. ODs met the accuracy requirements of the Universal Standard criteria against ADs for SBP but not for DBP. Thus, the DBP values may be underestimated by ODs in the KNHANES.
Randomized active-controlled study of a single preoperative administration of duloxetine to treat postoperative pain and numbness after posterior lumbar interbody fusion surgery
Authors: Hiroki Tadanao , Fujita Nao , Suto Takashi , Suzuki Hideo , Tsukamoto Noboru , Ohta Jo , Saito Shigeru , Obata Hideaki
Published: December 2022

Background:

This prospective, randomized, double-blinded, active controlled trial assessed whether a single preoperative administration of 40 mg of duloxetine could decrease postoperative pain and numbness after posterior lumbar interbody fusion surgery (PLIF).

Methods:

Patients with an American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I or II undergoing PLIF were included. At 2 hours before inducing anesthesia, patients were administered 40 mg duloxetine or 4 mg diazepam (control drug). Postoperative pain and other symptoms were evaluated on the basis of a visual analog scale, amount of fentanyl used, fentanyl dose request times, rate of use of adjunctive analgesics (diclofenac sodium or pentazocine), and lower limb numbness score (0–3) during the first 2 postoperative days.

Results:

Forty-six patients were randomly assigned to the duloxetine and diazepam groups (n = 23 each); 6 were lost to follow-up, and analysis was performed on data from 22 patients in the duloxetine group and 18 in the diazepam group. No significant differences were detected in the patient background, postoperative visual analog scale score at rest in the lumbar region and lower limbs, fentanyl use, rate of analgesic adjuvant use, or incidence of side effects. The numbness score in the lower limbs, however, was significantly lower in the duloxetine group.

Conclusion:

A single preoperative 40-mg dose of duloxetine did not improve postoperative pain after PLIF, but did improve lower limb numbness. Duloxetine may suppress neuropathic pain-like symptoms after PLIF surgery.
Analgesic efficacy of butorphanol combined with sufentanil after heart valve surgery: A propensity score-matching analysis
Authors: Jiang Xuandong , Cheng Xuping , Guo Shan , Du Chaojian , Zhang Weimin
Published: December 2022

Pain is common after heart valve surgery and can stimulate the sympathetic nervous system, causing hemodynamic instability and respiratory complications. Current treatments for postoperative pain are insufficient, and postoperative pain is difficult to control effectively with a single analgesic. Therefore, we investigated the analgesic efficacy of butorphanol with sufentanil after heart valve surgery and its hemodynamic effects. The records of 221 patients admitted to the intensive care unit after cardiac valve replacement between January 1, 2018, and May 31, 2021, were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were allocated to 2 groups based on the postoperative pain treatment they received: treatment group (administered butorphanol combined with sufentanil), and control group (administered conventional sufentanil analgesia). After propensity score matching for sex, age, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, type of valve surgery, and operation duration, 76 patients were included in the study, and analgesic efficacy, hemodynamic changes, and adverse drug reactions were compared between the 2 groups. After propensity score matching, the baseline characteristics were not significantly different between the groups. The histogram and jitter plot of the propensity score distribution indicated good matching. No significant differences were observed in the duration of mechanical ventilation, duration of stay in the intensive care unit, duration of total hospital stay, and hospitalization expenditure between the groups (P > .05). The treatment group had notably higher minimum systolic blood pressure (P = .024) and lower heart rate variability (P = .049) than those in the control group. Moreover, the treatment group exhibited better analgesic efficacy and had lower critical-care pain observation tool scores and consumption of sufentanil 24 hours after surgery than the control group (P < .05). The incidence of vomiting was notably lower in the treatment than in the control group (P = .028). Butorphanol combined with sufentanil can be used in patients after heart valve replacement. This combined treatment has good analgesic efficacy and is associated with reduced adverse drug reactions and, potentially, steady hemodynamics.
Diagnostic efficacy of aneuploidy markers correlated with early onset preeclampsia
Authors: Pyeon Seung Yeon , Kwon Byung Su , Kim Young Sun , Lee Young Joo
Published: December 2022

Low-dose aspirin administration before 16 weeks of gestation can prevent preeclampsia (PE) more effectively. In order to determine if aspirin should be administered, this study aimed to investigate the predictive value of pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) and aneuploidy markers for the onset period of PE. 1053 singleton pregnant women were included in the study, and serum PAPPA-A and aneuploidy markers were analyzed between 3 group (normotensive, late-onset PE, and early-onset PE). The utility of these markers for predicting early-onset preeclampsia (EOPE) was compared using each marker and their combination. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)/PAPP-A > 6.89 and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)/PAPP-A > 7.94 were associated with EOPE with a positive likelihood ratio (LR) (6.52, 95% confidence interval [CI] 4.9–7.1), and (5.77, 95% CI 3.9–6.4). The combination of markers could predict EOPE more accurately compared to the single markers. AFP/PAPP-A > 6.89 and hCG/PAPP-A > 7.94had a predictive ability for EOPE, and these cutoff values can help determine the use of aspirin at an earlier gestational age (GA).
Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation for the prevention of perioperative neurocognitive disorders in geriatric patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Li Shuying , Jiang Hailun , Liu Wei , Yin Yu , Yin Chunsheng , Chen Hao , Du Yuzheng , Zhao Qi , Zhang Yi , Li Chen
Published: December 2022

Background:

To evaluate whether transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) decreases rates of perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND) when used as an adjuvant method during perioperative period in geriatric patients since the new definition was released in 2018.

Methods:

Six databases [Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals, WanFang Database, PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library] were systematically searched. Data analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4.1 software (Copenhagen: The Nordic Cochrane Centre, the Cochrane Collaboration, 2020). Risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence interval were calculated using a random effects model. Quality of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.

Results:

13 randomized clinical trials (999 patients) in total were included. TEAS had positive effects on preventing the incidence of PND (RR: 0.43; 0.31, 0.61; P < .001; low certainty) [postoperative delirium within 7 days (RR: 0.39; 0.26, 0.59; P < .001), delayed neurocognitive recovery within 3 months (RR: 0.51; 0.33, 0.78; P = .002)]. TEAS could also improve the scores of the confusion assessment method (CAM) (Mean difference: −1.30; −2.14, −0.46; P = .003; low certainty). Limited evidence suggested that TEAS could reduce the serum levels of biochemical indicator (S100β) (SMD = −1.08, −1.67, –0.49, P < .001; I

2 
= 83%; very low certainty) as well as anesthetic requirements (remifentanil) (SMD: −1.58; −2.54, −0.63; P = .001; I

2 
= 87%; very low certainty). Subgroup analysis indicated that different protocols of TEAS had significant pooled benefits (TEAS used only in surgery and in combination with postoperative intervention) (RR: 0.45; 0.31, 0.63; P < .001). Acupoint combination (LI4 and PC6) in the TEAS group had more significantly advantages (RR: 0.34; 0.17, 0.67; P = .002). TEAS group had a lower incidence of PND in different surgery type (orthopedic surgery and abdominal surgery) (RR: 0.43; 0.30, 0.60; P < .001), as well as with different anesthetic modality (intravenous anesthesia and intravenous and inhalational combined anesthesia) (RR: 0.38; 0.23, 0.61; P < .001).

Conclusion:

In terms of clinical effectiveness, TEAS appeared to be beneficial for prophylaxis of PND during a relatively recent period, noting the limitations of the current evidence.
Evaluation of red blood cell transfusion threshold in the management of brain-dead organ donors
Authors: Kim Sungjeep , Choi Kyunghak , Keum Min Ae , Kim Min Soo , Yoon Sun Geon , Kyoung Kyu-Hyouck
Published: December 2022

The disparity between the demand and supply of organs has necessitated an expansion of the criteria for organ donation. Consequently, numerous guidelines have been proposed for managing brain-dead organ donors (BDODs) to improve their organ function and the organ procurement rate. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the previously recommended threshold for red blood cell transfusion in BDODs. Medical records of BDODs were retrospectively reviewed from January 2012 to December 2021. We enrolled BDODs who stayed for more than 24 hours at an hospital organ procurement organization. We analyzed their organ function and the rate of organ procurement according to the hemoglobin concentration. A total of 111 BDODs were enrolled and divided into the following 2 groups: hemoglobin (Hb) ≥ 10 g/dL (45.0 %) and Hb < 10 g/dL (55.0 %). There were no significant differences between the groups in the total bilirubin, creatinine, arterial blood lactate, and the rate of organ procurement. A correlation analysis did not reveal any association between the hemoglobin concentration and organ function of the BDODs. Hemoglobin concentration of 10 g/dL cannot be considered a threshold for red blood cell transfusion. Furthermore, organ function is not correlated with a hemoglobin concentration > 7 g/dL. Restrictive transfusion strategy is appropriate for BDOD management.
Efficacy of pharmacotherapy and non-pharmacotherapy of Alzheimer dementia: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Boongird Chitima , Tearneukit Worapong , Wongpipathpong Wannisa , McKay Gareth J , Thakkinstian Ammarin
Published: December 2022

Background:

Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia worldwide. Despite the publication of numerous systematic reviews and meta-analyses that have summarized the evidence associated with pharmacotherapies (PTs) and non-pharmacotherapies (NPTs) for the wide range of interventions available for AD treatment, their comparative safety and efficacy remains insufficiently defined.

Methods:

Systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) will be selected according to the following criteria: conducted in elderly patients aged 60 years or older with AD living in community or institutionalized settings, applied pairwise meta-analysis (PMA) or network meta-analysis (NMA) approaches providing pooled relative treatment effects for at least 1 pair of PTs or NPTs, and providing at least 1 of the following outcomes for patients/caregivers: cognitive, functional status, behavior, quality of life (QoL), and caregiver stress or burden. All article screening, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment will be completed independently by 2 reviewers. Relative treatment rankings will be reported with mean ranks and surface under the cumulative ranking curves.

Results and Conclusion:

We will determine the most efficacious treatment strategies for AD patients from the most highly ranked treatments. These results will help to guide clinical decision-making and improve patient care.
Cancer risk among HIV-exposed uninfected children in the United States
Authors: Horner Marie-Josèphe , Hazra Rohan , Barnholtz-Sloan Jill S. , Shiels Meredith S. , Engels Eric A.
Published: December 2022

In utero exposure to didanosine was associated with increased risk of brain cancer in a French study. We used United States health department records to assess cancer risk among 13 617 children exposed to HIV in utero, who remained HIV-uninfected after birth (1990–2017). Risk of brain tumors was borderline elevated among these children (standardized incidence ratio 2.2, 95% confidence interval 0.8–4.8, P = 0.12, based on six cases). Risk was not significantly increased for leukemia or other cancers.
Food Fussiness in Children
Authors: Harmancıoğlu Begüm , Kabaran Seray
Published: December 2022

This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the relationship between children's food fussiness (FF) and dietary diversity, eating behaviors, and parental feeding practices among 314 Cypriot preschoolers aged 3 to 5 years and their parents. Fussy eaters showed negative eating behaviors in general (P < .05). The mean scores of prompting and encouragement to eat were significantly higher among non–fussy eaters (P < .05). Food fussiness scores were negatively correlated with dietary diversity scores (r
s = −0.178, P < .05) and positively correlated with parental emotional feeding (r
s = 0.114, P < .05). In addition, strictly controlled feeding was positively associated with FF scores (β: .115; 95% confidence interval: 0.041-0.251) and each unit increment in instrumental feeding decreased the risk of FF by 90% (odds ratio: 0.104; 95% confidence interval: 0.037-0.295). Longitudinal studies with larger samples are needed to confirm these correlations through parent-child intervention study designs.
Influence of Nutrition Training, Eating Habits, and Culinary Skills of Health Care Professionals and Its Impact in the Promotion of Healthy Eating Habits
Authors: Catalán Àlex , Gastaldo Isabella , Roura Elena , Massanes Toni , Escarrabill Joan , Moizé Violeta
Published: December 2022

The promotion of healthy habits is thought to be an important element in the role of health care professionals (HCPs). The aim of this study was to analyze eating habits and culinary skills of HCPs, and how they transfer those skills during clinical practice. A total of 95 HCPs participated in a cross-sectional descriptive question-based survey, which assessed HCPs' eating habits, culinary skills, and promotion of habits. HCPs who received previous training in nutrition had better eating habits and generally promoted healthy eating to patients.
Are Remitters at Risk for Lower Food Security and Dietary Quality? An Exploratory Study of Mexican Immigrants in NYC
Authors: Cruz-Salazar Daniela , Hwang Neil S. , Chatterjee Shirshendu , Derose Kathryn P. , Flórez Karen R.
Published: December 2022

Remittances confirm an immigrant’s continued social membership in their country of origin and they have been associated with improved nutritional outcomes among those who receive them. Yet, the relationship between remittances and nutrition outcomes of remitters is not well understood. We use data from 81 Mexican immigrants living in the Bronx, New York City (“NYC”), collected in 2019 to examine the relationship among remittances, gender, food security and dietary quality. After controlling for sociodemographic and immigration-related factors, we did not find a statistically significant (p<0.1) relationship between sending remittances and food insecurity; however, we did find that women remitters had higher odds than men remitters of having low dietary quality (p<0.064). We also found that a higher Body Mass Index (“BMI”) was associated with higher odds of experiencing low and very low food security (p<0.068). Further research with nationally representative data is needed to investigate the full extent of association between remittances and nutritional outcomes of remitters.
KNOWLEDGE AND UPTAKE OF TETANUS TOXOID VACCINE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG REPRODUCTIVE AGE GROUP WOMEN IN HAYK TOWN SOUTH WOLLO, ETHIOPIA, CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Gelaw Tiruset , Ayalew Sindu , eyene Kassaw
Published: December 2022

Background

Tetanus is an acute, often fatal, disease caused by an exotoxin and highly potent neurotoxin, tetanospasm, Tetanus is a preventable disease by tetanus toxoid immunization, which is usually given to the reproductive women at the age between (15-44) years in order to protect both mother and newborn in order to prevent maternal and neonatal tetanus For lifelong protection from tetanus a woman needs a total of five tetanus toxoid doses

Objective

To assess the level of knowledge uptake and associated factors of completing tetanus toxoid vaccine among reproductive age women in Hayk town, SouthWollo, Amhara, Ethiopia in 2020.

Methods and materials

A community based cross-sectional study conducted in Hayk town, South Wollo Amhara, Ethiopia, from November to December on 2020. Data collected using structured and pretested questionnaire, entered in to Epi Data version 3.1 and exported to statistical package for social science version 25.0 for analysis.

Result

Magnitude of uptake of TT2 immunization at Hayk town was 71.2%, have taken at least two doses of TT. But only 35(8.5%) had completed 5 doses of TT according to EPI schedule. Nearly half of 182(44%) of women in the reproductive age group had knowledge on complete TT5 immunization. Educational status, having sort of info on TT5 and knowledge about TT are significantly associated factors for full dose of TT according to EPI schedule.

Conclusion

Fair proportions of women had uptake of TT2, but very low proportion for complete dose of TT5 according to expanded program on Immunization. Most of study participants have inadequate knowledge on TT vaccine. Educational status, having sort of info on TT5 and knowledge about TT are significantly associated factors for completing full dose of TT according to EPI schedule.
Alcohol related consequences and disparate outcomes in college students at a Hispanic Serving Institution
Authors: Kepner Wayne , Ayala Guadalupe X. , Lange James , Elder John
Published: December 2022

Objective

Examine the relationship between alcohol consumption and alcohol related consequences (ARCs) for college students at a Hispanic Serving Institution (HSI).

Participants

Random sample of 375 students at a large university in the pacific south-west.

Methods

Cross sectional study using an online version of the ACHA-NCHA II survey. Chi-square tests and stepped logistic regression models were conducted to explore the relationship between race/ethnicity and the experience of any alcohol-related consequence, adjusting for covariates.

Results

Among heavy drinkers, Hispanic students, compared to White students, were 65.9% less likely to report one or more ARC (OR= 0.34, 95%CI = 0.15, 0.79).

Conclusions

Given the severity of alcohol related consequences in the college population, the potential protective environmental effects of attending a HSI warrant further study.
Analysis of structural network topology alterations in autism and its relationship with autism severity
Authors: Jeyapratap Abhishek S. , Parker Drew , Yerys Benjamin E. , Verma Ragini , Osmanlıoğlu Yusuf
Published: December 2022

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a public health concern ranging along a continuum of severity. The neurobiological motives behind ASD have been widely explored with reports about aberrant brain anatomy and functional connectivity. However, research on the underlying structural connectivity alterations is limited. We propose the application of a novel connectomic measure called Network Normality Score (NNS) to identify brain abnormalities and quantity topological dissimilarities in individuals with ASD. We show that the network topology of structural connectivity is altered in ASD brains relative to healthy controls at the global and system levels. We demonstrate that structural connectivity differences are more pronounced in certain subnetworks. Finally, we quantify the association between network similarity and behavioral autism severity to show the efficacy of NNS as a neuroimaging measure.
Cell wall strengthening by phenylpropanoid dehydrodimers during the plant hypersensitive cell death
Authors: Kanawati Basem , Bertic Marko , Moritz Franco , Habermann Felix , Zimmer Ina , Mackey David , Schmitt-Kopplin Philippe , Schnitzler Jörg-Peter , Durner Jörg , Gaupels Frank
Published: December 2022

Infection of Arabidopsis with avirulentPseudomonas syringaeand exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) both trigger hypersensitive cell death (HCD) that is characterized by the emission of bright blue-green (BG) autofluorescence under UV illumination. The aim of our current work was to identify the BG fluorescent molecules and scrutinize their biosynthesis and functions during the HCD. Compared to wild-type (WT) plants, the phenylpropanoid-deficient mutantfah1developed normal HCD except for the absence of BG fluorescence. Ultrahigh resolution metabolomics combined with mass difference network analysis revealed that WT but notfah1plants rapidly accumulate dehydrodimers of sinapic acid, sinapoylmalate, 5-OH-ferulic acid, and 5-OH-feruloylmalate during the HCD. FAH1-dependent BG fluorescence appeared exclusively within dying cells of the upper epidermis as detected by microscopy. Saponification released dehydrodimers from extracted cell wall material. Collectively, our data suggest that HCD induction leads to the formation of free BG fluorescent dehydrodimers from monomeric sinapates and 5-hydroxyferulates. Reactive oxygen species from de-regulated photosynthesis likely contribute to the radical-radical coupling. The formed dehydrodimers move from upper epidermis cells into the apoplast where they esterify and thereby cross-link cell wall polymers. Both, free as well as wall-bound phenylpropanoid dehydrodimers are defense-related compounds in Arabidopsis. We propose that other plants also employ dehydrodimers of highly abundant phenylpropanoids for rapid defense against pathogen attack.
Metabolic Drivers of Dysglycemia in Pregnancy: Ethnic-Specific GWAS of 146 Metabolites and 1-Sample Mendelian Randomisation Analyses in a UK Multi-Ethnic Birth Cohort
Authors: Fuller Harriett , Iles Mark M , Moore J. Bernadette , Zulyniak Michael A.
Published: December 2022

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common pregnancy complication worldwide and is associated with short- and long-term health implications for both mother and child. Prevalence of GDM varies between ethnicities, with South Asians (SAs) experiencing up to three times the risk compared to white Europeans (WEs). This study aimed to evaluate the causal role of metabolic characteristics in the ethnic-associated differences in gestational dysglycemia.

A one-sample Mendelian Randomisation (MR) was performed separately on 3688 SA and 3354 WE women (<28thweek of pregnancy) from the Born in Bradford (BiB) cohort for 146 metabolites exposures for the outcomes of fasting glucose and 2-hr post glucose (P ≤ 1 x 10-5was considered significant). Additional GWAS and MR analyses on 22 composite measures of metabolite classes were also conducted.

Through an extensive GWAS analysis this study identified 15 novel genome-wide significant (GWS) SNPs associated with tyrosine in theFOXNandSLC13A2genes and 1 novel GWS SNP (currently in no known gene) associated with acetate in SAs. Through the utilisation of a MR analysis, 14 metabolites were found to be associated with postprandial glucose in WEs, while in SAs a distinct panel of 11 metabolites were identified. Furthermore, in WEs, cholesterols were most the common metabolite associated with dysglycemia, while in SAs saturated fatty acids were most common. Furthermore, in SAs a composite measure of the fatty acid class was also found to associate with 2-hour post glucose.

The presence of ethnic-specific causal relationships between a comprehensive set of metabolites and postprandial glucose measures (fasting glucose and 2-hour post glucose) in mid-pregnancy has been established in a UK SA and WE population. Future work should aim to investigate the biological mechanisms of metabolites on GDM risk and inform ethnically tailored GDM prevention strategies are required.
Sequential Bilateral Accelerated Theta Burst Stimulation in Adolescents With Suicidal Ideation Associated With Major Depressive Disorder: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Yuruk Deniz , Ozger Can , Garzon Juan F. , Leffler Jarrod M. , Shekunov Julia , Vande Voort Jennifer L. , Zaccariello Michael J. , Nakonezny Paul A. , Croarkin Paul E.
Published: December 2022

Background

Suicide is a leading cause of death in adolescents worldwide. Previous research findings suggest that suicidal adolescents with depression have pathophysiological dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) deficits in γ-aminobutyric acid neurotransmission. Interventions with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) directly address these underlying pathophysiological deficits in the prefrontal cortex. Theta burst stimulation (TBS) is newer dosing approach for TMS. Accelerated TBS (aTBS) involves administering multiple sessions of TMS daily as this dosing may be more efficient, tolerable, and rapid acting than standard TMS.

Methods:

This is a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trial of sequential bilateral aTBS in adolescents with MDD and suicidal ideation. Three sessions are administered daily for 10 days. During each session, continuous TBS is administered first to the right DPFC, in which 1,800 pulses are delivered continuously over 120 seconds. Then intermittent TBS is applied to the left DPFC, in which 1,800 pulses are delivered in 2-second bursts and repeated every 10 seconds for 570 seconds. The TBS parameters were adopted from prior research, with 3-pulse, 50-Hz bursts given every 200 ms (at 5 Hz) with an intensity of 80% active motor threshold. The comparison group will receive 3 daily sessions of bilateral sham TBS treatment for 10 days. All participants will receive the standard of care for patients with depression and suicidal ideation including daily psychotherapeutic skill sessions. Long-interval intracortical inhibition (LICI) biomarkers will be measured before and after treatment. Exploratory measures will be collected with TMS and electroencephalography for biomarker development.

Discussion

This is the first known randomized controlled trial to examine the efficacy of sequential bilateral aTBS for treating suicidal ideation in adolescents with MDD. Results from this study will also provide opportunities to further understand the neurophysiological and molecular mechanisms of suicidal ideation in adolescents.

Trial registration

Investigational device exemption (IDE) Number: G200220, ClinicalTrials.gov (ID:NCT04701840). Registered August 6, 2020.https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04502758?term=NCT04701840&draw=2&rank=1