bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Calendar rites and holidays of the Altaians and Teleuts: classification and general characteristics
Authors:   Institute of Philology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Oynotkinova Nadezhda R.
Published: February 2023

The paper is devoted to the classification and general characteristics of the calendar rituals and holidays of the Altaians and Teleuts. The research material covers published and unpublished archival and field material of the ritual folklore of the Altaians and Teleuts. For the first time, a general classification of the calendar rites of the annual cycle is given, taking into account the lunar calendar: winter, spring-summer and autumn rites. Winter calendar rituals and holidays of the Altaians are connected with the New Year celebrations (Chaga Bairam) according to the Eastern calendar when a pagan ritual of feeding the fire (san salar) is performed. The ritual actions typical of other rites appear in Dyilgayak ritual for welcoming spring. The spring-summer and autumn calendar rites performed by the Altaians, both southern and northern, are associated with the rite of sacrifice to the earth (Dyazhyl Byur and Sary Byur, Kocho-Khan). In well-wishing, the glorification of the earth (Jer-suu), Altai, deities of the highest pantheon is a cross-cutting theme. Altai songs (jangar kozhong) performed during these rituals are also aimed at praising Altai, the forces of light. The main motifs of game ritual well-wishes and tabyr songs during the autumn ritual of fertility, Kocha-Khan, are the motifs of fertility and increasing wealth. A distinctive feature of the Teleuts’ winter calendar rituals is such ritual genres as Christmas carols yurei and tabyr performed in spring and autumn rites of worship of the earth.
Moksha song folklore of the Krasnoyarsk Krai and the Republic of Khakassia (on the relationship between autochthonous and migratory folklore traditions)
Authors:   Institute of Philology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Shakhov Pavel S. , Zubov Igor V. ,   Institute of Philology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Research Institute of the Humanities, Leonova Natalya V. ,   M. I. Glinka Novosibirsk State Conservatory
Published: February 2023

This paper presents the Mokshan song folklore of Krasnoyarsk Krai and the Republic of Khakassia in terms of autochthonous regional traditions. The analysis of the archive materials, oral data recorded in 2009 and 2012, allowed identifying the places of origin of Siberian migrants: villages of the Yelnikovsky, Krasnoslobodsky, Kovylkinsky, and Zubovo-Polyansky districts of the Republic of Mordovia. Also, the ethnic-local composition of the studied area was determined. Siberia and the Volga region variations of the folklore texts were compared on the thematic and (partially) musical-stylistic levels by studying modern field materials and published autochthonous sources. The materials were organized by genre: carols, round-dance songs, lyrical songs, author songs, fairy-tale prose with insert songs. A comparative analysis of materials from Siberia and the Volga region has shown the similarity between autochthonous and migratory traditions in various genres. For example, the autochthonous Zubovo-Polyansky District and migratory Siberian traditions are united by their genre of carols, as well as late folklore traditions; the original Kovylkinsky District tradition and the migratory tradition have similar round-dance songs. The polylocality of the migratory Siberian community is reflected in their song tradition, with round-dance and lyrical songs playing an important role. These songs are also popular in the Republic of Mordovia in various Moksha Mordvin groups. The Siberian variations of some Moksha lyrics compared to the autochthonous variations have been found to be represented by specific elements of plot composition with strong exposition, indicating a decline in migratory traditions and processes typical for all oral song cultures.
First syllable vowels in Surgut Khanty according to the ultrasonography data
Authors:   Institute of Philology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Timkin Timofey V.
Published: February 2023

This paper describes the Surgut Khanty vowel articulation by ultrasonography methods. 193 vowel segments were sampled by Articulate Instruments equipment and processed with Articulate Assistant Advanced software. 97 consonant segments were recorded to estimate a contact influence of vowels on consonants. The data were collected from a woman, a Tromagan dialect native speaker born in 1970. The tongue contours were analyzed by certain features: the highest point and its coordinates, the most remote point and its distance from the coordinate center. The most distant point was found to allow distinguishing three basic tongue movement types according to J. Esling’s laryngeal articulator theory: front movement correlates with phonemes /i:/, /ɨ:/, /ɘ/, /ɛ/, raised movement correlates with phonemes /ʊ:/, /ɔ:/, /ɔ/, /o/, a combination of these two types yields /ʉ/, /ɨ:/, /o:/, and retracted movement is characteristic of phonemes /a:/, /a/. The vocal movement types can be differentiated by the most distant point number. The points 1-8 are placed in the frontal part of the dorsum, the points 9-16 are in the middle part, the points 17-24 are placed in the back part. Front vowels have the most distant point in the range 14-17. Retracted vowels and combination of front and raised position are characterized by 18-19 and raised vowels by 19-20. The distance of tongue shift within each type allows distinguishing individual phonemes. The radical plosive phoneme was proved experimentally to have velar allophone [k] and uvular allophone [q] depending on the vowel row.
Potential words in the Russian literary language of the first half and middle of the 19th century: the basis of selection, specificity
Authors:   North Caucasus Federal University, Humanities Institute, Gryaznova Violetta M.
Published: February 2023

The paper identifies the reasons for selecting potential words in the vocabulary of the Russian literary language of the first half and mid-19th century and determines the specifics of potential words in the historical aspect. The tasks of the study were to identify the similarities and differences between such two types of non-formal words as potential and occasional as interpreted by different researchers, to collect the vocabulary of potential words in the Russian literary language of the named chronological section, and to classify the collected material based on: a) their existence in a particular context, b) their word-formation semantics and structure. The research material included texts of epistolary, fictional genres, reviews of literary-critical and sociopolitical nature of the first half and mid-19th century, explanatory, encyclopedic dictionaries, dictionaries of foreign words reflecting the vocabulary of the chronological interval under study, and texts of the main subcorpus of the National Corpus of the Russian language. The study allowed the author to conclude that potential words related to historical lexicology should be understood as actually existing in one or two texts or recorded in one dictionary, but not confirmed by the practice of communication of a specific time, and not as non-existent, but only possible in the system and norm of this language. Based on the material of the collected vocabulary, the author proves that potential words are not only highly productive but also low-productive word-formation types.
To the study of the structure of hagiographic fragments containing visions (Kiyevo-Pecherskiy Patericon and the Life of Alexander Svirsky)
Authors:   Institute of Philology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kovaleva Tatiana I.
Published: February 2023

Old Russian stories about visions in the context of writings have a movable structure that cannot be presented in the form of an absolutely stable scheme. However, abstracting from the content and analyzing the construction of a particular event in the narrative allows revealing a general construction scheme of the fragments “with visions”, suggesting a common structural scheme of the structure of any fragment “with visions” in Old Russian literature. To confirm this idea, the paper considers the structure of hagiographic fragments from “The Tale of Isakiy of the Caves” (Kiyevo-Pecherskiy Patericon) written in the 13th century and “The Life of Alexander Svirsky” of the 16th century including stories about the visions of monks contrasting in content. In “Patericon Tale,” the title character is faced with the demons in the guise of angels and a demon who has taken on the likeness of Christ. On the contrary, Alexander Svirsky is graced with a vision of angels and the Trinity. Not only are the common structural elements analyzed, but also the differing ones. It is shown that regardless of the content of the stories about visions, the fragments are constructed according to the general scheme. The elements of this scheme together are the mechanism driving the movement of events in the narrative, with vision being one of the necessary functional components. Different elements are interconnected with the behavior of the main characters of the works and their semantic organization.
Names of guelder rose (Viburnum) in Finno-Ugric Languages
Authors:   The A. Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Brodsky Igor V.
Published: February 2023

The paper discusses the folk names of guelder rose (Viburnum) in the Finno-Ugric languages, with more than a hundred phytonyms having been studied to reveal their origin, areal distribution, and the lexical nomination of Viburnum according to various features. Among the phytonyms studied, the Baltic-Finnish vocabulary noticeably prevails, probably due to the fact that the dialectal lexical material of Baltic-Finnish languages has been much better collected. The entire study was done from a comparative perspective. The majority of the Finno-Ugric names of guelder rose originated in separate languages and has no correspondences in the related tongues. Not more than two phytonyms belong to the ancient lexical fund. Moreover, in the languages under consideration, there are several names of guelder rose that were borrowed from Germanic, Turkic, and Slavic languages. The compound phytonyms formed in individual languages are numerous and rather diverse. The multiplicity of names given to guelder rose is more characteristic of herbaceous plants, with trees usually having far fewer names with more ancient origin. The Finno-Ugric names of guelder rose are based on a number of features, such as medicinal use, flower coloring, place of growth, and external similarity to other plants. The study has identified the lexical-semantic models by which the compound names of guelder rose were formed, with their components analyzed. Thus, each phytonym may contain two or three components. The names of guelder rose also include zoosemisms denoting various animals: a dog, a wolf, a pig, a partridge, and a crane.
Color designations as intensifiers in the Kazakh language in comparison with Turkic languages of Southern Siberia
Authors:   Institute of Philology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Koshkareva Natalya B. , Abzhaparova Maiya ,   Institute of Philology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: February 2023

Intensifiers are an expressive means to distinguish a particular phenomenon among others by emphasizing its importance for the speaker and addressee. This work describes the functioning of Kazakh color designations as intensifiers compared to Turkic languages of Southern Siberia and the Kyrgyz language. In a figurative meaning, they can be used to express the intensification of a sign. In the Kazakh and the Kyrgyz languages, the largest number of adjectives - color designations are used to indicate the intensity of the manifestation of a sign. These adjectives in most cases characterize natural phenomena (heavy rain, frost, storm etc.). Considering the Turkic languages of Siberia, most adjectival color designation are presented in the Altaic language, while in other languages such examples are uncommon, phraseologized, and used mainly to convey the expressive characterization of a person. In all Turkic languages, the adjectival color designation ‘black’ is found to acquire the meaning of intensifier. The model of figurative meaning formation such as “black” → “intensive; with a high degree of quality or properties” is common for many Turkic languages. This study was conducted by analyzing the dictionaries of the Kazakh and Altaic languages and the samples from Kazakh and Altaic prose, where color designations are used not in their direct meaning to denote the color of objects but figuratively to express a high degree of manifestation of a feature, for example: “black” → “intensive.”
On the question of analytical constructions and synthetic forms in the Tuvan language
Authors:   Institute of Philology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Shamina Lyudmila A.
Published: February 2023

Verbal analytical constructions are a significant part of the Tuvan verb morphology and largely determine the specifics of the language, being highly productive and implemented at the lexical and syntactic levels. They are actively used as a word-forming tool. In a simple sentence, analytics functions at the level of sentence members, with an analytical predicate most actively used, expressing the phase and aspectual characteristics of an action. Analytical construction also is significant in bipredicative constructions that are mostly built by means of analytical bonds, unions, particles. Analytic construction is a combination of the main (full-valued) and one or more auxiliary (service) words. In the Tuvan language, analytical forms of the predicate with a chain of particles are widely used not only in folklore texts, fairy tales, and stories, characterizing the individual style of the narrator, but also in modern novels. The common trend is an increasing frequency of analytical constructions in fiction and journalism compared with folklore sources. Unlike analytical constructions, synthetic forms are characterized by the inextricable connection of the basis with the formants representing the grammatical category. Both analytical constructions and synthetic forms are distinguished at different levels of the language. The synthetism is found at the syntactic level if a sentence member is expressed in one word form without service or semiservice words. The main difference between syntactic analytical construction and free syntactic combination is its semantic indecomposability. Due to linguistic dynamics, the ratio of analytic and synthetic units in linguistic subsystems never remains stable.
Contraction of analytic constructions in Chalkan (on example of analytic construction -yp al-)
Authors:   Institute of Philology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Fedina Natalya N.
Published: February 2023

This paper describes phonetic transformations occurring during the synthetization of analytic verb constructions with the auxiliary verb al- “to take” in the Chalkan language. The examples of the reduction of the verb under study during the conjugation of adverbial participial analytic constructions in various temporal fields are presented. In Chalkan, not only can analytic constructions be contracted into single words, but also contractions occur within verb forms. As a result, personal or tense markers are completely or partially lost. Sometimes, even parts of lexical stems are lost within various phonetic transformations, with various homographs being formed. When analytic constructions are contracted with the auxiliary verb al-, the latter can be fully or partially preserved depending on the tenses. For example, when verbs in past tense with -gan and in future tense with -yr in positive forms are conjugated, only the anlaut broad vowel а- of the auxiliary verb al- is preserved. In past tense forms with -dy, -tyr and present tense forms with -yp tyt, two variations with full preservation of the auxiliary verb al- and with the anlaut broad vowel а- can be used. When contracted analytic constructions in negative forms are conjugated, the auxiliary verb al- is fully reconstructed in all tenses. In all tenses, similar phonetic processes take place: elimination of the adverbial participle markers after stems with consonants and preservation of the adverbial participle markers after stems with vowels. However, the auslaut voiceless consonant -p- is replaced by the voiced consonant -v- in the intervocalic position.
Representation of expert knowledge in institutional discourse practices
Authors:   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Boginskaya Olga A.
Published: February 2023

A jury trial involves both legal professionals and laymen without legal training and knowledge. This heterogeneity of participants indicates the asymmetric relationships in the courtroom. Since jurors play a crucial role in the trial, it is extremely important for them not to experience difficulties in understanding and interpreting the discursive practices of lawyers. The paper studies the discursive strategies and linguistic means of expert knowledge representation in the institutional genre of “judicial instructions.” Although regularly used to overcome knowledge asymmetry in the process of communication between professional lawyers and jurors, explanatory strategies in the Russian-language judicial instructions have not previously been the object of linguistic analysis. The hypothesis has been put forward stating that explanatory strategies help to overcome difficulties in understanding and interpreting legal texts by non-professional participants. The analysis of the corpus has shown that Russian judges use the following explanatory strategies to overcome cognitive and communicative problems amid the knowledge asymmetry: 1) definition, i.e., explication of the meaning of a term by indicating its distinctive features; 2) description, i.e., a narrative transfer of expert knowledge by establishing its connection with everyday knowledge; 3) exemplification, i.e., an appeal to the everyday experience by correlating legal categories with specific objects or events of everyday life; 4) metaphorization, i.e., interaction between two objects or phenomena based on their subject, feature, or functional similarities resulting in legal categories approaching the everyday experience; 5) synonymization, i.e., replacement of abstract legal concepts with everyday lexical units that have similar meanings.
Interdisciplinary basis of the study of evaluative associative dominants
Authors:   Institute of Philology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kuzmina Maria A.
Published: February 2023

The associative dominants as the structures of meaning should be analyzed by taking into account the findings of different disciplines, focusing on the value content of semantic structures (psychology, sociology, philosophy, psycholinguistics, etc.). This study addresses the philosophical and psychological foundations of interdisciplinary research of the results of a psycholinguistic associative experiment, i.e., the evaluative associations dominating for Russian linguistic personality. The author considers the possible approaches to the concept of “culturally universality” differing on the following grounds: 1) what is relevant for a researcher working with cultural universals; 2) what idea of a person is realized; 3) how cultural phenomena are characterized; 4) what methods are used. The philosophical basis for studying the evaluative associative dominants is substantiated. It is suggested to rely on the idea of the hierarchical organization of values, the concept suggested by N. O. Lossky, and on the deontological approach in axiology. Also, the possibilities of applying psychological concepts in the study of evaluative associative dominants are assessed. The most promising psychological methodology for the analysis of associative dominants is seen to be the concept of the unity of consciousness and emotion by Yu. I. Alexandrov. The structure of the unity of consciousness and emotions can be traced in the principle of the organization of associations as verbalized meanings: conscious, more differentiated layers of experience are imprinted in associations that tend towards more universal expressions of moral evaluation, close to cultural universals, while emotionally colored associations are more characteristic of the value level of consciousness.
Phraseological dictionary of Russian dialects of the Tyumen region A book review: Bagirova E. P., Belyakova S. M. Frazeologicheskiy slovar’ russkikh govorov Tyumenskoy oblasti [Phraseological dictionary of Russian dialects of the Tyumen region]. Tyumen, 2020, 356 p.
Authors:   Syktyvkar State University named after Pitirim Sorokin, Kobeleva Irina A.
Published: February 2023

Phraseological Dictionary of Russian dialects of the Tyumen region was prepared by E. P. Bagirova and S. M. Belyakova and published in 2020 by Tyumen State University. The dictionary covers the phraseological spectrum of dialects of all districts of the Tyumen region, including almost 2,400 phrases recorded in the second half of the 20th - early 21st centuries. The material collected reflects a broad understanding of phraseology, with phraseological units, ritual terminology, proverbs, riddles, omens, and well-wishes presented in the dictionary. This paper considers the phraseological material of the dictionary from the point of view of its lexicographic development, with the main attention paid to the micro-structure of the dictionary. Each of the nine parameters proposed by the authors to describe the Tyumen phraseology is commented on. It is worth noting that most of these parameters are presented quite systematically and correspond to the principles declared. However, some critical remarks and suggestions have been made concerning the lexicographical presentation of some facts, which may be useful for a possible reissue of the dictionary. These comments focus on determining the initial form of idioms, distinguishing variant and synonymy, stating combinability, accuracy of definitions, and the selection of illustrative material. It should be pointed out that the dictionary under review significantly enriches modern Russian dialect phraseography and can undoubtedly be useful to scientists, teachers, local historians, and all those concerned with the fate of the folk word and traditional culture of the region.
A unique fragment of the “Conversation between a father and his son about female malice”
Authors:   Institute of History of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Titova Lubov V.
Published: February 2023

The Center for the Storage of Manuscripts, Old Printed Books, and Rare Editions of the Institute of History of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences holds a unique fragment of the “Conversation between a father and his son about female malice.” This fragment begins with “...the devil was terrified by his preaching and began tremblingly speaking...” and ends with “also the worst servants of the evil lord, how dared they look at the Holy...” This passage is notable because the story of John the Baptist who suffered (beheaded) because of the intrigues of the Jewish queen Herodias and her daughter Salome is followed by a text about the life and the suffering of Stefan Uroš III of the Serbian dynasty and his conflict with his son over the succession to the throne, which led him to death at the hands of his son and his henchmen. Thus, the “Conversation” addresses the problem of children’s attitude towards their parents, with a focus on one of the main Christian commandments: “Honor your father and your mother.” These lines are not found in any copies of the “Conversation,” preserved only in an Old Believer manuscript of the 18th century, suggesting an Old Believer origin of this version especially since the nature of the alteration is consistent with the desire to strengthen the didacticism. This paper, for the first time, publishes a fragment of the “Conversation” with a short chronological version of the Lives of Stefan Dečanski.
Fairy-tale fantasy in Russian handwritten fiction of the late 17th - first third of the 18th centuries
Authors:   Institute of Philology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kurysheva Liubov A.
Published: February 2023

The paper analyzes the changes in interpreting magic, fairytale fiction that occurred in translated and original stories of the late 17th - first third of the 18th centuries. A number of fiction works of this period show representations of magic closely linked to the Christian worldview, with some works appearing referring to magic and sorcery as a non-judgmental category. The first Russian translations of fairy tales by M.-C. d’Aulnoy’s made in the Petrine era contributed to the appearance of pure genre fiction free from judgment. These were “The Tale of Florine” (1700 - late 1710s, “L’oiseau bleu”) and “The History of Prince Adolf” (1720-1730s, L’Ile de la Félicité). A fairy was an entirely unfamiliar character to the Russian reader. In The Tale of Florine, the word “fée” was translated by “ega baba” (“yaga baba”) commonly used to refer to women with demonic forces. Magical abilities were designated by “vorozhenie” (divination) and “yagina mudrost’” (yaga’s wisdom). In the manuscripts of The History of Prince Adolf, fairies appear as “goddesses” and “gods”, and magical abilities - “l’esprit de féerie” - as “divine spirit”. When describing magical actions, Russian translators of French fairy tales use everyday vocabulary related to the sphere of folk magical beliefs or associated with the Russian folklore and book tradition. In the period under study, we observe the formation of the genre category of fairy-tale magic and a gradual replacement of the category of “miracle” by a genre-conditioned understanding of magic.
“I ask for your advice and assistance” (Letters of E. K. Romodanovskaya to V. I. Malyshev, 1960s)
Authors:   Institute of History of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Matkhanova Natalya P.
Published: February 2023

The paper presents the letters of the outstanding scholar E. K. Romodanovskaya to the famous specialist in the archaeography V. I. Malyshev that have never been published in the public domain before. These letters contain information on the working process underlying the first academic papers of E. K. Romodanovskaya, preparations for the first archaeographic expedition and its realization, and other key episodes of her research carrier. The paper also sheds light on the first appearance of the term “Russian literature of Siberia”. As a conclusion, it is argued that the correspondence with V. I. Malyshev and the mediator role of E. K. Romodanovskaya were crucial for the establishment and development of collaboration and partnership between the famous Leningrad / Petersburg scientific center and the newly formed Novosibirsk scientific center.
Igor P. Eremin in the letters of Varvara P. Adrianova-Peretz to Nikolay K. Gudziy
Authors:   Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkinskiy Dom) of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Romodanovskaya Varvara A.
Published: February 2023

The school of academician Vladimir Peretz became the basis of modern historical and philological studies of the Russian Middle Ages. Varvara Adrianova-Peretz and Nikolai Gudziy were his students in Kiev and Igor Eremin at Petrograd University. The paper considers the attitude of the older generation of V. N. Peretz’s students to the younger ones by considering the example of I. P. Eremin. The research material is the long-term correspondence of Adrianova-Peretz and Gudziy stored at the Institute of Russian Literature. The letters mainly concern scholarly issues, situation in the Pushkin House, and staff of the Department of Old Russian Literature. Eremin worked in the Department since 1934. In her letters written in the 1930s, Varvara Pavlovna talks about Eremin’s participation in collective works, expresses concern about his personal life and writes about his connections with the Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Since 1947, when Adrianova-Peretz took over the management of the Department, her relationship with Eremin became quite complicated. While recognizing Eremin’s talent and efficiency, Varvara Pavlovna expressed her preference in organizing the work in the Department not to V. N. Peretz’s pupils (I. P. Eremin and M. O. Skripil) but to her own, D. S. Likhachev, who became the head of the Department in 1954 to work with his own students. Eremin’s activities limited to the Pushkin House were fully concentrated on Leningrad University where he established his own school in the tradition of V. N. Peretz, with L. Dmitriev, N. Demkova, and E. Romodanovskaya being its members.
History of the patriarch Nicon’s trial written by Paisius Ligarides, metropolitan of Gaza: research and translation issues
Authors:   Institute of Philology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sevastyanova Svetlana K. , Rylik Polina A. ,   Institute of Philology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Bondach Albert G. ,   Institute of Philology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts; Russian State Library
Published: February 2023

This paper is part of an ongoing research project aimed at investigating, translating into Russian, and publishing one of the most prominent pieces of Greek-Russian narrative journalism of the second part of the 17th century: “History of the Synod, held in Moscow 1666-1667” by Paisius Ligarides, metropolitan of Gaza. The main focus of the work under research is the deposition of Patriarch Nicon, the most notable event of the Great Moscow Synod. The narrative is known to persist in three Greek manuscripts that are early and late copies of the original. Also, four copies of partial translations to Russian are known (the fourth one is not currently accessible). To our knowledge, this is the first study attempting to translate the original text into Russian in its entirety. Previous fragmented translations allowed only a partial and isolated analysis of Ligarides’ account of the condemnation of Patriarch Nicon. We believe that preserving the unity of the original text will significantly improve our understanding of Ligarides’ work and personality, enabling us to study in detail the societal and political challenges of his era. This paper provides a historical and philological commentary that transcends the common perception of the Synodical trial of the disgraced patriarch. Moreover, we attempt to enrich the existing views on the Russian-Greek ties and particularly on the contribution of the Greek Church to the political and religious affairs in Russia. Finally, a full contemporary translation into Russian will provide the scholarly community with a world-class document.
“...Wonderful type, quite like Cooper’s Pathfinder: something is in him so spontaneous!”: the novel “Pathfinder” by J. F. Cooper in the creative perception of I. S. Turgenev
Authors:   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Volkov Ivan O.
Published: February 2023

This paper considers Ivan Turgenev’s perception of James Cooper’s works. The so-called sea trilogy should have made an especially deep impression on the Russian writer. The poetics of Cooper’s seascape novels can be clearly seen in Turgenev’s images of the sea element. The Russian writer used the texture or contours of Cooper’s seascapes, creating an expressive image. Turgenev’s impressions of Cooper’s novel “The Pathfinder” were embodied in his story “A Trip to Polesie.” It begins with a picture of a mighty and silent pine forest, with description immersed in the hero’s reflection. The images of nature and man are given in a sharp and unequal contrast. To express the full scale of Polesie’s vastness, a meaningful comparison to the sea is given. This dramatic conversation between nature and man in Turgenev’s work is directly correlated with the reflections of the narrator in Cooper’s exposition of the novel. However, Turgenev contrasts the arising motif of loneliness and despair embracing the self-absorbed consciousness of the narrator with another epic motif in the same woodland slums. These are two extraordinary peasant faces: a simple and sedate hunter-guide Yegor and a dashing and unbridled rogue Ephraim. Both bear a non-coincidental resemblance to the characters of Natty Bumppo and Chingachgook from “The Pathfinder”. Turgenev’s heroes are similar to Cooper’s ones primarily due to being conceptualized in a strong connection with nature, the element of the ancient forest. In both cases, the life of the main characters is in a decisive dependence on the “green ocean.”
Peculiarity of the memory plot in the poem by Boris Volkov “Brought on the scaffold”
Authors:   Institute of Philology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Proskurina Elena N. , Silantev Igor V. ,   Institute of Philology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: February 2023

The paper is devoted to the poetry of Boris Volkov, the forgotten author of the Eastern emigration (1894-1954). During his lifetime, only a single collection of his poems, “In the Dust of Foreign Roads,” was published in 1934. The plot movement in the book appears as the memory narrative, reflecting the dramatic life experience of the author. He finds himself in the very midst of Russian history, at the beginning of the 20th century: participation in the First World War, service in the White Army, fight against the Pan-Mongol movement of Ungern, flight to China, and emigration to America. Of particular intrigue was the last part of the book “Brought on the scaffold. Excerpts from a poem,” with the action taking place during the anti-Spanish revolution in the Netherlands of the 16th century. The study has shown that the dramatic turns of the author’s biography, during his struggle against Ungern, are reflected through the roll call of historical epochs. The analysis involved Volkov’s memoirs dedicated to this period. The image of an inquisitor who burns heretics and the pictures of executions refers to the episodes of sophisticated torture of prisoners initiated by the baron and captured in Volkov’s memoirs. Thus, the work implicitly draws the author’s modernity, the events of the 16th century, into its whirlpool by making it one of its reflections.
Poetics of the Buryat epics at the decline stage of the epic tradition
Authors:   Institute of Philology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kuzmina Evgeniya N.
Published: February 2023

The paper addresses the preservation of the epic tradition and the relationship between the plots and “common places” (loci communes) based on heroic epics (üligers) performed by B. Barnakov in 1961-1962 and recorded on a magnetic tape. At that time, Buryat scholars witnessed a decline of the heroic epic genre. However, owing to the storytelling gift and memory of üligershin B. Barnakov, the tales in his performance feature a variety of plots and stability of typical places. The analysis of poetic and stylistic means has shown the narrator’s knowledge of the epic fund of stereotypes and laws of plot construction of the heroic epic. He used a variety of general epic and situational typical places, characteristic of the Western Buryat epic tradition. Of importance is the interdependence of internal connection between typical places and plots. The decline of the heroic epic genre was manifested in the plot development of some epics, resulting in incomplete endings and confusion in the names of secondary characters. It should be noted that typical places and stable poetic phrases are of great functional importance in the plot construction of the heroic epic and in the preservation of the epic tradition. In Siberian epic studies, there are still topical issues to be explored in depth, such as correlation of plot and motif, plot and stereotypes, including “common places”. Studying these issues will contribute to identifying the factors of sustainability over time of the epic tradition, narrative memory, and the role of the fund of poetic means.
Time as “presence” in A. P. Chekhov’s comedy “The Cherry Orchard”
Authors:   Military Transport Institute of Railway Troops and Transportation Service, Sobennikov Anatoly S.
Published: February 2023

The paper describes the structure of artistic time in the comedy “The Cherry Orchard” by Anton Chekhov. Presence is defined as a being form of a person’s existence in time. Presence encompasses the common (being) and the separate (personal existences). Not only is a person’s presence in the here-being loaded with social and psychological content, but it also becomes a sign of the time in Chekhov’s work. Here and now refers to the place and time then. Historical time, always given through the prism of the characters’ existential time, never becomes dominant. Now is the point of linear time fixed in the characters’ minds. Always refers us to the circle, to cyclical time, to eternal repetition. Hence, the distance between the characters is a personal existence. Then, now, and it is time are the existentials that are common to everyone. However, in the personal existence of the character, they have their own psychological content. This psychological content is not unique, with every “I” having a common now. In summary, Chekhov’s philosophical intuitions accentuate the things that are in everyone’s life, regardless of the country of residence and regardless of the era. That is why Chekhov’s theater is always modern.
The role of the lyrical heroine in the poetry of M. M. Shkapskaya: to the formulation of the problem
Authors:   А. M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chechnev Yakov D.
Published: February 2023

For the first time, this paper considers the role of the lyrical heroine in the poetry of M. M. Shkapskaya. The creative attitude of the poetess to the representation of different world views serves as the basis for emphasizing one or another role, resulting in several artistic projections in the poems which can be identified and described. Five roles have been identified: mother, mistress, harlot, mummy, and relative of humanity. The latter two are unique to Shkapskaya’s poetic world, designed according to a specific world view. The other three, that are traditional for poetry, are creatively transformed by the poetess, enriched with new images, motifs, and overtones. Shkapskaya inverts the idea of the mystical ideal of female nature, drawing the reader’s attention primarily to the physiology, eroticism of her heroines. She reflects on the purpose of women, their participation in contemporary culture. Shkapskaya argues against the objectification of women. Shkapskaya argues against the objectification of women. The images of abandoned mistresses, one described in our work, eloquently testify to the subordination of female nature to authority, be it God (the Evil Sower, the Strict Master, etc.) or man. The poetess reflects on the unsatisfactoriness of the current situation, promoting the idea about the profound subordination of a woman being due to her nature. In terms of mythology, this idea becomes apparent through the image of the first mother Eve, created from Adam’s rib and, therefore, representing his derivative, was ranked below the first human being.
On the problem of “physiological” poetics in the typological aspect: O. Mandelstam and S. Weöres
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Maroshi Valerij V. , Horváth Kornélia ,   Pázmány Péter Catholic University
Published: February 2023

The paper deals with individual meanings of the “physiological” approach in modern literary criticism and in the articles of O. Mandelstam. For the poet, “physiological” was the “infinite complexity” of all organic. In addition, we seek to apply this approach to analyze the poetics of both the Russian and Hungarian poets. Therefore, the origin and development of the concept of physiology in Mandelstam’s articles of the 1910s - 1920s is considered in detail. Both poets shared a sensory hypersensitivity to the phenomenon of corporeality and to the sensual diversity of their surroundings. Following the aesthetic quest of late modernism, both poets tried to dissolve their lyrical “I” both in the dynamically perceived perceptible world and through generating and complicating the spatial superstructure of the poetic word. Mandelstam’s ideas about the physiology of creative work developed under the influence of A. Bergson’s philosophy of life, while S. Weöres was fond of “Eastern philosophy” and Taoism in particular. In terms of poetics, these common aspirations led both authors to develop sensitivity to the materiality of language and the word in its sound and written forms, especially in the aspect of the textile palpability of the text, as well as to the expansion of the intertextual and intratextual meanings of the word. An abundant flow of perception (auditory, tactile, gustatory, olfactory, interoceptive) of the poets’ lyrical heroes is embodied in the word in order to construct a text that plays with metaphors and paronomasia.
Etymology as a way of life (to the 70th anniversary of Academician Alexander Anikin)
Authors:   Institute of Philology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kim Igor E. , Koshkareva Natalia B. ,   Institute of Philology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Silantev Igor V. ,   Institute of Philology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: February 2023

This paper is devoted to the linguistic works by Alexander Evgenievich Anikin, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, on the occasion of his 70th anniversary. Alexander Anikin, a versatile philologist, has made a significant contribution to Russian, particularly dialectal and Ural-Altaic etymology. The linguistic tradition that Alexander Anikin adheres to is associated with the names of famous etymologists of the Russian language, Max Vasmer and Oleg N. Trubachev. The scientific path of Alexander Anikin as an etymologist includes several stages. The starting point was his interest in Balto-Slavic language contacts and borrowings. Then, Alexander Anikin turned to the study of the language contacts in terms of the vocabulary of the languages of the peoples of Siberia and the Far East and Siberian dialects of the Russian language. Currently, the researcher is working on the Russian Etymological Dictionary. This dictionary is an ambitious project that involves searching for etymons for the maximum possible number of Russian words described in etymological, historical, and dialect dictionaries and studies. The Russian Etymological Dictionary differs from many other etymological dictionaries of the Russian language. It covers the dialectal (including Siberian), outdated, and ancient words lost in modern Russian. Also, the paper considers the principles of selecting the linguistic material and the structure of dictionary entries and characterizes the range of languages, which Alexander Anikin analyzes in the context of etymology.
Oral stories about shamanic formation in the folklore tradition of Tuvans
Authors:   Institute of Philology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yusha Zhanna M.
Published: February 2023

The study examines the mythological conceptions and archaic beliefs of the Tuvans about becoming shamans, as presented in oral narratives. Two groups of texts have been identified in shamanic narratives, collected from shamanic practitioners and from ordinary people. In addition, the specificity of shamanic narratives in Tuvan culture was analyzed. A description is given of the main signs of shamanic illness in hereditary shamans who had a shamanic ancestor in their maternal or paternal line. Memoirs of hereditary shamans mark the stages of shamanic development in the lives of the ritual specialists, with an emphasis on confirmation of the shamanic gift by an experienced magic practitioner. The texts describe the stages that an ordinary person “chosen by the spirits” goes through when accepting to follow the “will of the spirits.” It is noted that when telling about shamanic illness, the narrators pay attention to the physiological changes experienced by the future shaman. As a result, the study has revealed the cases when ordinary people with no shamanic “roots” received their shamanic skills from spirits of the Middle World (aza, albys, diiren) or from the rainbow and lightnings. Oral narratives demonstrate that the shamans of this category did not exhibit the shamanic illness peculiar to hereditary magical practitioners. The sources for the study were published folklore texts and the author’s new field recordings collected from Tuvans in Russia and China in 2010-2020.
Positional length of vowels in South Siberian Turkic languages
Authors:   Institute of Philology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Selyutina Iraida Ya.
Published: February 2023

Representing a cardinal feature of vowels, duration has always been in the focus of Turkologists. However, only two types of length, etymological and secondary, have been considered. Positional duration, manifested in the prolongation of the wide vowels of an open syllable before a syllable with a narrow vowel, has not been fully covered in theoretical research. The significant lengthening of open vowels up to the duration of the contracted unit evolved into a pattern that was consistently and systematically implemented in the Turkic languages. This paper summarizes for the first time the auditory and instrumental data available in the literature on the South Siberian Turkic languages. It reveals the commonality and specifics of the pattern considered in various languages. A comparative analysis allowed identifying two groups of languages. In Kumandy, Shor, Telengit, and Tuvan, the first syllable of bi- and polysyllabic words can have all the wide vowels lengthened both before the non-labialized narrow ы, и, and before the labialized y, ӱ. Khakass, Chalkan, Tuba, Altai-kizhi, and Baraba-Tatar have this pattern only before ы, и. In Khakass and Baraba-Tatar, positional vowel lengthening of the non-first syllable of polysyllabic words is possible only in preposition to guttural г and ғ. In other languages, any voiced or sonorous consonant does not prevent the positional lengthening. The pattern of positional lengthening of vowels that is typologically common to the Kipchak Turkic languages in the phonetic system indicates the historical interactions with the languages of the Kipchak group.