bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DESIGN AND CALCULATION SPECIFICS OF THE SUBSURFACE FIRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM
Authors: Voitovych T. M. , Kovalyshyn V. V. , Chernetskyi V. V.
Published: October 2019

Introduction Despite the significant progress in technology, including the field of fire safety, fires of oil and petroleum products tanks remains one of the most difficult ones to extinguish. This type of deflagration develops rapidly, has protracted nature and requires the involvement of a large number of means and forces. Also, such fires cause enormous material and environmental damage and pose a significant danger to people's life and health. One of the safest ways to extinguish fires in oil and petroleum products tanks is a subsurface fire extinguishing method. This method uses foam concentrate with fluorinated stabilizers, an aqueous solution of which can cover the surface of petroleum products with a thin film. At the moment, this issue is not researched well enough in our country. The official Ukrainian regulation documents describe technical parameters of oil tanks extinguishing system, but the method described in these documents is the same for both subsurface fire extinguishing and surface foam supply. Therefore, a specific methodology for calculating the main parameters of the subsurface tank extinguishing system is necessary. Purpose The purpose of this study is to describe the methodology for calculating the main parameters of the subsurface tank extinguishing system. Calculation of the different technical parameters of the subsurface method-based extinguishing system depending on the tanks type, fuel types, concentrations of foaming agent, etc. is provided. Results This research outlines the main problems of fire extinguishing in tanks with oil and petroleum products, and specifics of their elimination by supplying fluorosynthetic foaming agents into the layer of combustible material. The research also describes calculation methods of the main parameters of the subsurface fire extinguishing method for extinguishing fires in oil and petroleum tanks using low expansion foam. Examples of calculation using tank RVS-10000 for both proposed methodology and methodology described in the official Ukrainian regulation documents are provided. Various technical parameters of the subsurface method-based extinguishing system were calculated depending on the tanks type, fuel types, concentrations of foaming agent, etc. Conclusion The results of this research prove that spendings on foam agents and damages from the oil fire can be reduced when using subsurface fire extinguishing method.
Perancangan Pengontrolan Overhead Crane Menggunakan Kabel dan Nirkabel Berbasis Arduino
Authors: Novriadi Ari
Published: October 2019

Overhead Crane is a heavy equipment which is very much found in various industries, factories, and workshops that are used to transport material. In general, controlling the Overhead Crane is operated by using a Push Button that is hung together with a cable on the top frame of the Overhead Crane. in this case, humans must also be able to maintain a distance when controlling Overhead Cranes that are working to transport memterials to avoid the use of Overhead Cranes. To provide security and comfort in the use of Overhead Cranes, the authors designed an Overhead Crane controller using Arduino based cable and wireless. The design of Overhead Crane control using a cable consists of several series of Push Button arranged in a plastic box and then hung on the side of the Girder Crane. for the input foot the Push Button is given a voltage 12 VDC, while the output of the Push Button is connected with contact points of the Relay 12 VDC to execute electrically mechanical Overhead Crane. While the Overhead Crane control design using wireless consists of several components, including: Arduino Mega 2560 which is combined with USB Host Shield. Bluetooth csr 4.0 Dongle is connected to the USB Host Shield port for data communication media between Arduino Mega 2560 with Bluetooth Joystick PlayStation 3 (PS3). The signal pin of the Relay modules is connected with Arduino Mega 2560 pins according to the program designed. Contact NO points Relay modules are connected with 12 VDC Relay point contacts to execute electrical mechanical Overhead Crane.
Beginning and Completion of Events in the Russian and English Language Picture of the World and Features of their Perception in the National Language Consciousness
Authors: Osintseva T. N.
Published: October 2019

Introduction. The question of the correspondence between the linguistic representation of concepts that make up the national linguistic picture of the world and the linguistic consciousness of the nation is examined on the basis of the concepts of the beginning and completion of the event. The grammatical structure of the language puts the native speaker in the framework of the concepts formed earlier and limits the choice to accessible language means.

Methodology and sources. In order to determine the peculiarities of the perception of the event structure by native Russian and English speakers, as well as to establish how much the scope of concepts coincides or differs in national language pictures of the world, a comparative analysis of the dominant elements of the functional semantic fields of the beginning and completion of the event was used.

Results and discussion. The analysis of linguistic means was carried out on the basis of the functional-semantic approach. Psycholinguistic analysis of linguistic consciousness was carried out on the basis of data from associative dictionaries of the Russian and English languages. The study also provides information on the structure of the event and statistical data describing the linguistic representation of the beginnings and completion in Russian and English at all levels from grammatical to syntactic.

Conclusion. It was found out, that the source of semantic originality of the means of expression of beginning and end, constituting the corresponding functional semantic fields, can be not only differences in the grammatical system of the language, but also cultural-conditioned discrepancies in the scope of the concepts themselves. This means that the psycholinguistic features of concept perception in the national language consciousness have a direct impact on the choice of language means when translating or using the language as a means of communication by bilinguals.
Propaganda Through a Prism of a Photographic Image in the Totalitarian States on the Example of the Third Reich
Authors: Zablotskaya V. S.
Published: October 2019

Introduction.People have long gone to the invention of the method of fixing objects, phenomena not only with the help of graphic activity, since this method took a lot of time and could not fully convey the appearance of the depicted object. The quality and proximity to reality depended not only on the skill of the artist, but also on the genre in which the painting was performed. And, as a result of a huge number of experiments and invested efforts of a dozen of people, in the XIX century they finally found a different way of fixing everyday life. And photography has become this way.

Methodology and sources.The research used data from Internet sources, scientific literature on this subject matter. In the study are used a comparative historical method, a structure-functional analysis, a typological approach.

Results and discussion.In this paper, we consider how the same reality was transmitted through the prism of photographic images on the example of the Third Reich. The thesis, which we will try to prove, involving not only the history, but also the data of the survey, is as follows: a photograph can convey the attitude of the state to a person and the place of a person in an ideological society.

Conclusion.Thus, this paper deals with the transfer of the desired reality through the prism of photographic images on the example of the Third Reich. The author conducted a survey of respondents. The paper proves the theses of the author based on the carried survey.
The Catalytic Mechanisms of the Reactions between Tryptophan Indole-Lyase and Nonstandard Substrates: The Role of the Ionic State of the Catalytic Group Accepting the Cα Proton of the Substrate
Authors: Faleev N. G. , Tsvetikova M. A. , Gogoleva O. I. , Kulikova V. V. , Revtovich S. V. , Kochetkov K. A.
Published: October 2019

In the reaction between tryptophan indole-lyase (TIL) and a substrate containing a bad leaving group (L-serine), general acid catalysis is required for the group's elimination. During this stage, the proton originally bound to the C atom of the substrate is transferred to the leaving group, which is eliminated as a water molecule. As a result, the basic group that had accepted the C proton at the previous stage has to be involved in the catalytic stage following the elimination in its basic form. On the other hand, when the substrate contains a good leaving group (-chloro-L-alanine), general acid catalysis is not needed at the elimination stage and cannot be implemented, because there are no functional groups in enzymes whose acidity is strong enough to protonate the elimination of a base as weak as Cl- anion. Consequently, the group that had accepted the C proton does not lose its additional proton during the elimination stage and should take part in the subsequent stage in its acidic (not basic) form. To shed light on the mechanistic consequences of the changes in the ionic state of this group, we have considered the pH dependencies of the main kinetic parameters for the reactions of TIL with L-serine and -chloro-L-alanine and the kinetic isotope effects brought about by replacement of the ordinary water used as a solvent with 2H2O. We have found that in the reaction between TIL and -chloro-L-alanine, the aminoacrylate hydrolysis stage is sensitive to the solvent isotope effect, while in the reaction with L-serine it is not. We have concluded that in the first reaction, the functional group containing an additional proton fulfills a definite catalytic function, whereas in the reaction with L-serine, when the additional proton is absent, the mechanism of hydrolysis of the aminoacrylate intermediate should be fundamentally different. Possible mechanisms were considered.
A Unique Prototypic Device for Radiation Therapy: The p53-Independent Antiproliferative Effect of Neutron Radiation
Authors: Yurkov D. I. , Syromukov S. V. , Tatarskiy V. V. , Ivanova E. S. , Khamidullina A. I. , Yastrebova M. A. , Sysoev V. I. , Dobrov R. V. , Belousov A. V. , Morozov V. N. , Kolyvanova M. A. , Krusanov G. A. , Zverev V. I. , Shtil A. A.
Published: October 2019

Radiation therapy with heavy particles including neutrons, an otherwise therapeutically perspective because of its high tissue penetration and efficient tumor damage, is currently limited by the lack of adequate equipment. An NG-24 generator (140 kg, 42 110 cm, ~1011 particles/s, 14 MeV) has been designed and engineered to replace the huge and environmentally harmful neutron reactors, cyclotrons, and accelerators with a compact, portable, safe, and potent source of high-energy neutrons. We demonstrate that the neutron beam produced by NG-24 causes a significant antiproliferative effect on human tumor cell lines regardless of the status of the anti-apoptotic p53 protein. Phosphorylation of histone 2A and increased amounts of p21, cyclin D, and phospho-p53 were detectable in HCT116 colon carcinoma cells (wild-type p53) irradiated with 4 Gy several days post-treatment, accompanied by G2/M phase arrest. These treatments dramatically reduced the ability of single cells to form colonies. In the HCT116p53KO subline (p53 -/-), the G2/M arrest was independent of the aforementioned mechanisms. Hence, the NG-24 generator is a source of a powerful, therapeutically relevant neutron flux that triggers a p53-independent antiproliferative response in tumor cells.
Penerapan GMP pada UKM Keripik SEMAT (Sehat dan Nikmat)
Authors: Pinandoyo Dimas Bayu , Masnar Asriadi
Published: October 2019

Keripik Semat Desa Tenjo merupakan Usaha Kecil Menengah (UKM) yang telah memiliki PIRT dengan nomor 2153201010561-22. Meski demikian UKM ini masih memerlukan prosedur-prosedur untuk memenuhi persyaratan-persyaratan kualitas pangan yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis masalah keterbatasan UKM dalam memenuhi persyaratan-persyaratan kualitas pangan yang baik. Dalam penelitian ini permasalahan dianalisis dengan metode observasi, FGD, dan wawancara secara mendalam. Acuan GMP yang dirujuk merupakan standar yang dipakai oleh Food Safety Center of Manitoba (2018). Penerapan Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) di UKM Keripik Tenjo telah memenuhi syarat-syarat CPPB-IRT pada level 4 (PIRT). Namun diperlukan kontrol yang lebih baik pada peralatan, peningkatan nilai praktek personal, penerapan prosedur penjagaan kebersihan bahan, kontrol lingkungan, pengontrolan penggorengan, pengemasan, dan storage.
Pengaruh Perendaman Daun Jambu Biji Kering (Psidium Guava L) Terhadap Kadar Protein, Vitamin A dan Sensori Tahu
Authors: Dewayani Wanti , Riswita Riswita , Harti Harti , Atahmid Nur Fitriani Usdyana , Mursida Mursida
Published: October 2019

Tahu merupakan makanan favorit masyarakat sehari-hari. Namun tahu hanya bertahan satu hari saja, sehingga dibutuhkan pengawet untuk memperpanjang masa simpan. Salah satu pengawet alami yang potensial adalah daun jambu biji. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh perendaman daun jambu biji kering terhadap kadar protein, vitamin A dan sensori tahu. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April – Mei 2019, di Laboratorium pasca panen BPTP Sulawesi Selatan. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap dengan perlakuan lama perendaman selama 0 hari, 2 hari, 4 hari, 6 hari, 8 hari dan 10 hari dan masing-masing perlakuan diulang tiga kali.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perendaman tahu  ke dalam ekstrak daun jambu biji  (Psidium guava  L)  tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap kandungan protein tahu. Perendaman tahu ke dalam ekstrak  daun jambu biji berpengaruh nyata terhadap kandungan vitamin A dan sensori tahu. Perlakuan terbaik adalah tahu yang direndam dalam ekstrak daun jambu biji selama 4 hari dengan kadar protein 10.31 %, vitamin A 168 %, warna 2,67 (agak suka), aroma 3.4 (agak suka), rasa 3.07 (agak suka) dan tekstur 2.93 (agak suka).
Perbandingan Pengomposan Metode Karung Goni Dengan Pengomposan Di Atas Tanah Pada Sistem Aerobik
Authors: Purwiningsih Dwi Wahyu
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background: Garbage is still a problem in the cities in Indonesia is no exception in the city of Ternate, waste generation generated by the people of Ternate town that is transported to the landfill is 226 m3 / day, with the level of service 57% of the total community of Ternate CPM, 2015). Good waste management alternatives to deal with this problem one of them by using appropriate technology. One of the appropriate technology that can be applied is the use of composting media in the form of burlap sacks.

Benefits of Research: test the theory of composting by using various media for aerobic composting.

Research location: in Environmental Health Department of Poltekkes Ternate.

Research Method: This type of experimental research using Posstest Only Control Design design. Processing and presentation of data in this study is the amount of compost produced from the composting process is weighed and differentiated according to media type and MOL then presented in table form and narrated.

Research Result: Demonstrate the most compost-producing medium is the burlap sack with the addition of MOL Tape Ubi and the least is by ground composting with the addition of MOL Pineapple, the time used in the composting process for 20 days.

Conclusions: The average number of the most widely produced compost is randomly sacked with MOL Tape Ubi, MOL Terasi MOL Pineapple and control.

Keywords: Garbage, Composting, Sackbox Media
Pengaruh Life Review Therapy Terhadap Kemampuan Kognitif Lansia Demensia Di PSTW Puspakarma Mataram
Authors: Emilyani Desty , Dramawan Awan
Published: October 2019

Melihat kembali kehidupan sebelumnya (Life Review Therapy) merupakan proses yang normal berkaitan dengan pendekatan terhadap proses kematian. Reintegrasi yang sukses dapat memberikan arti dalam kehidupan dan mempersiapkan seseorang untuk mati, tanpa disertai rasa cemas dan rasa takut. Hasil diskusi terahir tentang proses ini, menemukan melihat kembali kehidupan sebelumnya merupakan salah satu strategi untuk merawat masalah jiwa lansia. Desain penelitian ini, adalah Quasi Eksperiment dengan pendekatan One Group Pre-Test dan Post-Test. Sampelnya adalah lansia yang mengalami demensia yang berada di Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha “Puspakarma “Mataram dengan tehnik pengambilan sampel menggunakan Total Sampling denganjumlah responden 10 orang. Tehnik pengumpulan data mengunakan dokumentasi, wawancara, dan observasi dengan uji statistik menggunakan t-test. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa dari 10 responden terdapat 9 kelayan mengalami gangguan kognitif berat dan 1 orang mengalami gangguan kognitif sedang, setelah diberikan Life Review Therapy kepada 10 Orang responden terjadi perubahan yang signifikan dimana ditemukan 7 orang responden dengan kategori kerusakan kognitif berat, 3 orang responden dengan kategori berat. Dengan hasil uji t-test dengan nilai p 0,005 dengan tingkat kemaknaan ≤ 0,05. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa setelah diberikan life review therapy terjadi perubahan pada tingkat kemampuan kognitif lansia. Sehingga Life Review Therapy lebih dapat diterapkan sebagai salah satu terapi modalitas.
Identifikasi Derajat Hipertensi Pada Pasien Hipertensi Di Puskesmas Kota Mataram
Authors: Purqoti Dewi Nur Sukma , Ningsih Mira Utami
Published: October 2019

Terjadinya transisi epidemiologi yang paralel dengan transisi demografi dan transisi teknologi di Indonesia dewasa ini telah mengakibatkan perubahan pola penyakit dari penyakit infeksi ke Penyakit Tidak  Menular (PTM) meliputi penyakit degeneratif dan man made diseases yang merupakan faktor utama masalah morbiditas dan mortalitas. Salah satu Penyakit Tidak Menular yang menjadi masalah kesehatan yang sangat serius saat ini adalah hipertensi yang disebut sebagai the silent killer. Upaya-upaya dalam menangani kasus hipertensi dengan cara terapi farmakologi dan non farmakologi. Tujuan  penelitian ini  adalah teridentifikasi derajat Hipertensi pada pasien hipertensi di puskesmas kota mataram. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yang bersifat deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Tehnik  pengambilan sampel yang digunakan yakni dengan Purposive Sampling. Analisa data yang digunakan adalah univariat dengan data disajikan dalam bentuk narasi, tabel distribusi frekuensi dan persentase. Hasil penelitian didapatkan rata-rata responden dalam penelitian ini berusia 50 sampai dengan 64 tahun (48.48%), dilihat dari jenis kelamin mayoritas perempuan (66.67%), mayoritas berpendidikan SD (48.48%), dan sebagian besar bekerja sebagai Ibu Rumah Tangga (45.45%) dan rata-rata untuk drajat hipertensi responden dalam penelitian ini dalam kategori Grade 1 (66.7%). Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini masih tingginya kasus hipertensi Sehingga dibutuhkan upaya kolaboratif antara keluarga dan pelayan kesehatan untuk menjaga tekanan darah agar tetap stabil dalam rentang normal.
Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap Ibu Hamil Trimester III Dalam Konsumsi Tablet Fe dengan Terjadinya Anemia Di BPM Mardiani Ilyas Aceh Tahun 2018
Authors: Putri Dwiana Kartika
Published: October 2019

Pendahuluan; Menurut Profil Kesehatan Indonesia tahun 2016 anemia terjadi pada 37,1% ibu hamil di indonesia, untuk mencegah anemia setiap ibu hamil diharapkan mendapatkan tablet tambah darah minimal 90 tablet selama kehamilan. Tujuan; penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap ibu hamil trimester III dalam mengkonsumsi tablet Fe dengan terjadinya anemia di BPM Mardiani Ilyas Aceh Tahun 2018. Metode; Desain penelitian yang digunakan yaitu survey analitik dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Penelitian dimulai bulan Juli - Oktober tahun 2018 Sampel diambil dengan total populasi yang berjumlah 31 reponden. Penelitian menggunakan data primer, sekunder dan tersier. analisa data menggunakan univariat dan bivariat dengan uji chi-square. Hasil; Ada hubungan pengetahuan ibu hamil trimester III dengan terjadinya anemia, nilai probabilitasnya 0,000 < 0,05. Ada hubungan sikap Ibu hamil trimester III dengan terjadinya anemia, nilai probabilitasnya 0,000 < 0,05. Pengetahuan ibu kurang karena ibu merasa bahwa pengetahuan itu hanya didapat dijenjang pendidikan saja sehingga ibu memiliki pengetahuannya terbatas, pada kenyataannya pengetahuan tidak hanya didapatkan dari jenjang pendidikan saja. Kesimpulan; Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengetahuan ibu kurang, sikap ibu negatif dan mayoritas ibu hamil mengalami anemia sedang serta hal tersebut saling berhubungan.
Structure characterization of ground calcium carbonate flocs by fractal analysis and their effects on handsheet properties
Authors: IM WANHEE , LAE LEE HAK , YOUN HYE JUNG , SEO DONGIL
Published: October 2019

Preflocculation of filler particles before their addition to pulp stock provides the most viable and practical solution to increase filler content while minimizing strength loss. The characteristics of filler flocs, such as floc size and structure, have a strong influence on preflocculation efficiency. The influence of flocculant systems on the structural characteristics of filler flocs was examined using a mass fractal analysis method. Mass fractal dimensions of filler flocs under high shear conditions were obtained using light diffraction spectroscopy for three different flocculants. A single polymer (C-PAM), a dual cationic polymer (p-DADMAC/C-PAM) and a C-PAM/micropolymer system were used as flocculants, and their effects on handsheet properties were investigated. The C-PAM/micropolymer system gave the greatest improvement in tensile index. The mass fractal analysis showed that this can be attributed to the formation of highly dense and spherical flocs by this flocculant. A cross-sectional analysis of the handsheets showed that filler flocs with more uniform size were formed when a C-PAM/micropolymer was used. The results suggest that a better understanding of the characteristics of preflocculated fillers and their influence on the properties of paper can be gained based on a fractal analysis.
Spraying starch to improve strength of containerboard produced from weak recycled furnish
Authors: RENVALL STIG , KIM JIN-DOO , TYNKKYNEN TOPI
Published: October 2019

Producers of recycled furnish–based testliner and corrugating-medium grades often struggle to reach required strength properties compared to producers of packaging grades produced from virgin fibers. Starch can be used on a size press to compensate for the lost fiber strength, weakened from recycling. However, conventional size-press technologies have limitations when large starch pickup amounts are targeted, or when speeds are relatively high in modern packaging board machines. Spray sizing overcomes many roadblocks, and sufficient strength improvements are achieved for recycled testliner and corrugated medium. Dongil Paper Manufacturing Co. Ltd. in South Korea is a pioneer in the use of spray technology, with three spray units already in production. The spray device provides a large window for starch application and gives an exceptional transfer rate to the web. Clean operation, no wearing parts, and ease of running are other advantages when operating a starch-spray device.
The theoretical provisions for effective starch transfer to the web and control of starch penetration are described in this paper. The theories are supported by pilot trial results as well as production experience. Starch application with spray is a new and innovative approach for producing packaging board grades economically from a fully recycled fiber source.
Changes in solid particle fractions of coating color in low- and high-speed blade coating
Authors: RUTANEN ANNE , TOIVAKKA MARTTI
Published: October 2019

Changes in coating color composition in a recirculation loop of a coater can cause runnability and paper quality variability. Besides an increase in the coating color solids content, the average size of the solid particles increases as a result of depletion of fine materials or shear-induced aggregation. The mechanisms for changes in solid particle fractions of coating colors and control parameters are not well understood or documented. Previous work has investigated the role of coating color solids content and cohesion energy in particle segregation tendencies by using a low-speed laboratory coater. The current work extends the study to high-speed pilot-scale coating and compares the results to the laboratory-scale coater. It is proposed that similar results in regard to particle size segregation can be observed with both a low-speed laboratory coater and a high-speed pilot coater. The same parameters, such as solids volume fraction, control the particle size segregation regardless of the speed and the applicator type. If the solids volume fraction and the packing volume are high, the coating color cohesion energy is not of importance for particle segregation.
The effects of coating structure and water-holding capacity on the oxygen-scavenging ability of enzymes embedded in the coating layer
Authors: JOHANSSON KRISTIN , CHRISTOPHLIEMK HANNA , JOHANSSON CAISA , JÖNSSON LEIF , JÄRNSTRÖM LARS
Published: October 2019

Enzymes catalyzing oxygen scavenging were embedded in latex-based coatings with and without barrier kaolin clay to produce material for active packages. The clay was used to create a porous structure, and the closed-structure matrix consisted of a biopolymer comprising either starch or gelatin to increase the water uptake of the coating. The effects of the porous open structure and of the water uptake of the coated layer on the oxygen-scavenging ability of the embedded enzymes were examined at both 75% and 100% relative humidity. The results showed that the porous clay structure led to higher oxygen-scavenging capacity than that of a closed structure at both test conditions by enabling a high diffusion rate for oxygen and glucose to the active sites of the enzymes. The addition of a water-holding biopolymer did not always significantly affect the oxygen-scavenging capacity. However for a less-porous layer at 100% relative humidity, an increase in the amount of biopolymer resulted in an increase in oxygen-scavenging capacity. The results were treated statistically using multiple-factor analysis where the most important factor for the oxygen-scavenging ability was found to be the addition of clay. The coatings were also characterized with respect to water vapor uptake, overall migration, porosity, and scanning electron microscopy images.
Impact of lignin and carbohydrate chemical structures on kraft pulping processes and biofuel production
Authors: SANTOS RICARDO B. , JAMEEL HASAN , CHANG HOU-MIN , HART PETER W.
Published: October 2019

Most studies aimed at determining rates of hardwood delignification and carbohydrate degradation have focused on understanding the behavior of a single wood species. Such studies tend to determine either the delignification rate or the rate of carbohydrate degradation without examining the potential interactions resulting from related variables. The current study provides a comprehensive evaluation of lignin and carbohydrate degradation during kraft pulping of multiple hardwood species. The kraft delignification rates of Eucalyptus urograndis, E. nitens, E. globulus, sweet gum, maple, red oak, red alder, cottonwood, and acacia were obtained. The kinetics of glucan, xylan, and total carbohydrate dissolution during the bulk phase of the kraft pulping process for those species also were investigated. The wide ranges of delignification and carbohydrate degradation rates were correlated to wood chemical characteristics. It appears that the syringyl:guaiacyl lignin ratio and lignin-carbohydrate complexes are the main factors responsible for the differences in kraft pulping performance among the hardwoods studied.
Performance of alternate superheater materials in a potassium-rich recovery boiler environment
Authors: KEISER JAMES R. , SHARP W.B.A. SANDY , SINGBEIL DOUGLAS A , FREDERICK LAURIE A. , CLEMMONS CURTIS
Published: October 2019

One method to significantly improve the efficiency of biomass-fired boilers is to increase the temperature and pressure of the steam generated. However, this requires operating the superheater tubes at considerably higher temperatures than can be tolerated by conventional structural materials. The limiting temperature for conventional materials is primarily determined by corrosion of the superheater tubes that is promoted by interaction with the relatively low melting point deposits that accumulate on the tubes. An air-cooled deposit probe was used to collect samples of the deposits that accumulated on tubes in the superheater area of a recovery boiler in a mill processing primarily hardwood. These deposits were found to be enriched in potassium. Subsequently, a corrosion probe containing multiple samples of nine different alloys was exposed for 2000 h in the same location of the superheater area of the same recovery boiler. The temperature of samples in the probe ranged from a low of about 400°C (752°F) to temperatures above 620°C (1148°F), compared to the boiler’s estimated maximum tube temperature of 470°C (878°F). Following exposure, sections were taken from each of the 30 samples and examined using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Results of the examination of these samples showed significant differences among the corrosion rates at temperatures 100°C above the current upper superheater tube temperature. A brief comparison is made to data from a parallel laboratory study.
Hydrogen peroxide and caustic soda: Dancing with a dragon while bleaching
Authors: HART PETER W. , HOUTMAN CARL , HIRTH KOLBY
Published: October 2019

When hydrogen peroxide is mixed with caustic soda, an auto-accelerating reaction can lead to generation of significant amounts of heat and oxygen. On the basis of experiments using typical pulp mill process concentration and temperatures, a relatively simple kinetic model has been developed. Evaluation of these model results reveals that hydrogen peroxide-caustic soda systems are extremely sensitive to hydrogen peroxide:caustic
soda ratio, transition metal contamination, and temperature. Small changes in initial conditions can result in a closed system becoming explosive. Analysis of model results was used to develop guidelines for safer application of hydrogen
peroxide in a mill setting.
Era Baru: Persepsi Mendasar Wajib Pajak terhadap Tingkat Kepatuhan Pajak
Authors: Zulma Gandy Wahyu Maulana , Lutfi Lutfi , Gowon Muhammad
Published: October 2019

The aim of this study to investigate empirical evidence about the fundamental perceptions of taxpayers related to tax administration and tax policy on tax compliance. This research is a quantitative study using a questionnaire in 5 Likert scales. The sample of observations in this study amounted to 110 respondents with different backgrounds. The results of this study indicate that there is a proven positive effect between the fundamental perceptions of taxpayers from administrative factors and tax policies on tax compliance. The higher the taxpayer's perception of the tax administration and government tax policy, the higher the taxpayer's motivation to comply with it.
Model Performance Supported SMEs Strategy-Based Applications Through E-Money Gofood Business Customer Satisfaction and Grabfood
Authors: Ekasari Novita , Nurhasanah Nurhasanah , Chairunnisa Fitri , Siregar Ade Perdana
Published: October 2019

Advances in technology and modern lifestyle makes many emerging companies based financial technology (fintech), which offers various facilities through the application of e-based money where consumers are increasingly spoiled for culinary choice is especially promising business. This study aimed to determine the effect of the use of marketing strategies culinary SMEs belonging to the culinary application providers gofood and grabfood on its business performance through customer satisfaction service user business applications. Gofood and grabfood is a leading provider of Indonesia's biggest culinary applications so that users of these applications are very many in number. This study uses a sampling method in which samples used were 110 respondents business owners (business customers), which are small and medium businesses that have joined and cooperated with gofood and grabfood applications. This study has found that there is a direct or indirect effect of a positive and significant marketing strategy in which direct influence on the performance of SMEs has a percentage of 15.76%, while the influence of marketing strategies on the performance of SMEs through business customer satisfaction by 11.46%, while the influence overall 84.9%. From the research, it is recommended businesses (SMEs) can be more creative in creating a product presentation, updating prices, and provide promotional package that is more diverse and this strategy was evaluated in a certain period of time, other than that businesses can utilize the features of merchant review to assess the results business in the eyes of end consumers and improve the brand image of their business.
Prevalence of White Spot Lesion during Orthodontic Treatment with Fixed Appliance
Authors: Kawsar Md Ali , Islam Md Nurul , Sen Moutithi , Chakraborty Subodh Chandra , Siddiqui Muhammad Tanvir
Published: October 2019

Background: White spot lesions (enamel demineralization) is one of the most common and a significant risk associated with orthodontic treatment.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of white spot lesion during fixed orthodontic treatment.

Method: This prospective observational study and was conducted in the Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics from January 2016 to December 2017 over a period of two years. Patients with fixed orthodontic appliance age between 12-30 years of both sex attended for follow up were included in this study. After taking written consent, a questionnaire included socio-demographic data, clinical and outcome variables including routine clinical photographs to examine WSL were filled up for each patient. Routine clinical photographs to examine WSL were taken after 6 months and 12 months of fixing orthodontics appliance. Qualitative data were expressed as frequency distribution and percentage.

Results: Maximum patients were in age group 12 – 16 years and prevalence of WSL was also sought maximum in this group. Out of 36 cases with WSL, 14 (38.9%) were male and 22 (61.1%) were female. Prevalence of WSL after six month of fixing orthodontic appliance was 21.8% and 26.1% after 12 months. Prevalence of WSL after six month of fixing orthodontic appliance in male was 26.4% & in female was 19.6% and after 12 month of fixing orthodontic appliance it was 30.2% in male and 24.1% in female. After six months of fixing orthodontic appliance 1-3 WSLs was found in 17.0% cases and ≥ 4 WSLs in 4.8% cases. After twelve months of fixing orthodontic appliance 1-3 WSLs was found in 19.4% cases and ≥ 4 WSLs in 6.7% cases. Maximum WSL was found in maxillary incisors.

Conclusion: This study showed that 21.8% of the study subjects developed white spot lesions during orthodontic procedure and incisors were the most common affected teeth.

Update Dent. Coll. j: 2019; 9 (2): 40-42
A Case Report of Erythema Multiforme
Authors: Islam Md Mohaiminul , Khan Md Huzzatul Islam , Rahman Rifat , Iqbal Md Ashif
Published: October 2019

Erythema multiforme is a reactive mucocutaneous disorder which is an acute, self-limiting, inflammatory disorder characterized by degrees of blistering and ulceration. This disorder is created hypersensitivity reaction which is triggered by certain infection, medication , food additives or chemicals. We report a case of erythema multiforme managed with prophylactic valacyclovir and systemic corticosteroid. An 47 years old female patients had lesions in the oral cavity, lips, hand and ear which had been diagnosed as erythema multiforme minor. This was not related to drug intake; it was related to food intake. We can treat this disease with valacyclovir for 2weeks to control this disorder.

Update Dent. Coll. j: 2019; 9 (2): 46-49
Mandibular reconstruction: a review
Authors: Ali Mir Nowazesh , Anwar Rezwana Binte , Banik Ruman , Hasan Sajid , Arefin Md Raihan Ul , Uddin Md Wares
Published: October 2019

Mandibular defects may occur from maxillofacial injury, inflammatory disease, benign or malignant tumour resections and osteoradionecrosis. Mastication, speech and facial disfigurement are often severely compromised without reconstruction leading to poor quality of life. The goal of mandibular reconstruction is to restore facial form and function, repair of mandibular continuity and soft tissue reanimation. Implant insertion should be feasible to allow occlusal rehabilitation and if possible the inferior alveolar nerve function should be restored. Mandibular reconstruction principles and techniques have evolved dramatically over the years. Refinements in techniques continue to improve patient quality of life. This paper reviews short history, current techniques and few promising future endevours related to mandibular reconstruction.

Update Dent. Coll. j: 2019; 9 (2): 50-54
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Seleksi Penerimaan Staff Administrasi Menggunakan Metode Profile Matching
Authors: Wahyudi Agung Deni
Published: October 2019

Proses seleksi dalam penerimaan karyawan masih mengalami kendala. Secara praktikal terdapat beberapa karyawan yang tidak benar benar menguasai apa yang mereka kerjakan sehingga kegiatan operasional kurang berjalan dengan baik. Selain itu banyaknya pelamar yang ada membuat bagian terkait memerlukan waktu yang lama dalam mempertimbangkan calon karyawan yang akan diterima. Dalam ilmu komputer terdapat suatu sistem yang dapat membantu pengambil keputusan untuk mengatasi masalah yang sifatnya semi struktur ataupun tidak terstruktur yaitu sistem pendukung keputusan. Dalam Sistem Pendukung Keputusan terdapat berbagai metode salah satunya yaitu metode Profile Matching. Profile Matching ini sendiri dapat membantu dalam menentukan prioritas dari beberapa kriteria dengan melakukan analisa dari masing-masing kriteria yang sudah ditentukan. Dengan melihat masalah yang ada dalam pengambilan keputusan dalam penerimaan karyawan baru, sistem pendukung keputusan dengan menggunakan metode Profile Matching dirasa tepat untuk digunakan dalam membantu pengambilan keputusan. Dengan adanya penelitian ini proses seleksi karyawan baru dapat dilakukan dengan tepat dan cepat.Kata Kunci : Seleksi Karyawan, Ilmu Komputer, Sistem Pendukung Keputusan, Metode Profile Matching.
Sistem Informasi Penjadwalan Dokter Berbassis Web Dengan Menggunakan Framework Codeigniter (Studi Kasus: Rumah Sakit Yukum Medical Centre)
Authors: Destiningrum Mara , Adrian Qadhli Jafar
Published: October 2019

Rumah Sakit Yukum Medical Centre merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak pada bidang kesehatan yang berdiri di Yukum Jaya Kabupaten Lampung Tengah. Sistem penjadwalan di Rumah Sakit Yukum Medical Centre masih menggunakan kertas apabila pasien ingin mengetahui informasi jadwal dokter dapat menanyakan kebagian informasi. Faktor kesehatan merupakan salah satu faktor yang penting dalam kehidupan masyarakat. Terutama untuk mendapatkan layanan kesehatan ketika sakit atau membutuhkan pelayanan kesehatan seperti hanya sekedar konsultasi. Sistem Informasi Penjadwalan Dokter Berbasis Web dapat menjadi solusi untuk pengolahan data serta dapat memberikan infomasi tentang kesehatan dan jadwal dokter kepada pasien yang lebih akurat. Selanjutnya pada tahapan pengembangan sistem dengan model waterfall (Air Terjun). Analisis perancangan meliputi Use Case Diagram, Activity Diagram, Class Diagram, dan Sequence Diagram. Implemeentasi menggunakan alat seperti Framework Codeigniter sebagai desain tampilan antarmuka dan MySQL sebagai pengolahan database. Pengujian sistem dilakukan dengan pengujian BlackBox ISO 9126 dan WhiteBox.Hasil pengujian yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan adanya sistem Informasi Penjadwalan Dokter Berbasis Web dengan menggunakan Framework Codeigniter dapat memberikan informasi jadwal praktik dokter dengan cepat dan akurat dan menjadikan proses penjadwalannya lebih efisienKata Kunci : Penjadwalan, Dokter, Web, Framework, Codeigniter, Unified Modelling Language
Фіскально-правова природа української держави
Authors: Пацурківський Петро , Рарицька Вікторія
Published: October 2019

Децентралізація влади, що розпочалася в Україні, дала старт реформуванню усієї держави. Проте належної стратегії цього реформування суспільство ще не виробило, як і поки що достовірно не з’ясувало, яку саме державу воно де-факто має нині. Важливі знання про цю державу може дати аналіз її податково-правової природи. Адже згідно з однією з найпоширеніших теорій держави саме у податках втілено її економічно виражене існування. Безпосереднім предметом статті є аналіз правової природи сучасної фіскальної держави Україна. Метою статті є з’ясування найзагальніших причин та закономірностей появи цієї держави, її найголовніших цілей і правових властивостей. Предмет, мета і завдання дослідження визначили методологію статті, а саме антропосоціокультурний підхід. Аналіз причин і закономірностей появи фіскальної держави Україна, її правових властивостей дав змогу зробити такі висновки: фіскальна держава є якісно виокремленим видом роду податкової держави. Її поява не має жорсткої прив’язки до певного типу цивілізації чи соціально-економічної формації. Вона виникає внаслідок деформації і трансформації через сукупність конкретно-історичних причин істинно публічно-правових цінностей у цінності квазіпублічно-правові. Останні зазвичай проявляються назовні у формі “державних” цінностей. Кардинально відрізняються між собою також основоположні цілі і засоби їх досягнення податкової та фіскальної держав. Якщо у першому випадку сама податкова держава є основним засобом реалізації податкової політики, а платники податків із їхніми потребами виступають у ролі цінностей та цілей цієї держави (саме тому у ХХ–ХХІ ст. за такою державою закріпилася назва соціальної держави), то у фіскальній державі платникам податків та їй самій належать протилежні ролі. Не є винятком і фіскальна держава Україна. Передумови її появи почали формуватися переважно ще у лоні радянського суспільства та завершили у початковий пострадянський період розвитку України. Їй притаманні такі основоположні властивості: захоплення державою податкового права платників податків та соціуму загалом; фіскальний суверенітет держави; примусовий характер податкового обов’язку платників податків перед фіскальною державою; фіскальна природа її податкового права; асиметричність податкового права фіскальної держави.
Розвиток кримінології як науки: міждисциплінарний підхід
Authors: Eskridge Chris , Бутирський Андрій
Published: October 2019

Перед наукою кримінології на сучасному етапі стоять важливі завдання, від вирішення яких безпосередньо залежить майбутнє кожної країни зокрема та людства загалом. Розвиток кримінології як науки вимагає застосування міждисциплінарного підходу, що дасть змогу по-новому осмислити завдання цієї науки, проблеми, з якими вона стикається, а також шляхи подолання цих проблем. Метою статті є наукове осмислення сучасного стану науки кримінології та проблем, що стоять перед нею; розробка концепції розвитку науки кримінології у світі з урахуванням міждисциплінарного підходу. Для розробки концепції розвитку науки кримінології доречним є запозичення позитивного досвіду у галузі медицини. У кримінології, як і в галузі медицини, існує необхідність розробки як превентивних, так і “лікувальних” стратегій, а також їх широкого впровадження практично в усіх аспектах суспільного та приватного життя суспільства. Медицина за останні 200 років зробила не один великий крок вперед, у зв’язку з чим у дослідженні робиться спроба застосування стратегічної моделі розвитку медицини за ці роки для розробки стратегічної моделі розвитку кримінології на сучасному етапі. Отже, дослідивши основні принципи розвитку медицини, встановлено, що суттєве зменшення рівня злочинності може бути здійснено шляхом прийняття для кримінології тієї самої стратегічної моделі, що й була обрана для медицини 200 років тому, а саме: розробка єдиної міжнародної академічної моделі; розвиток взаємодії всередині кримінологічної науки; посилення ролі міждисциплінарних зв’язків; розробка стандартів оцінки наукових результатів на основі результатів їх практичного застос ування; інтеграція нових знань не лише у наукову спільноту, а й у державний сектор. За результатами проведеного дослідження зроблено висновок, що ефективний розвиток кримінології як науки можливий лише за умови застосування міждисциплінарного підходу та активної взаємодії науковців і практиків із різних галузей. Кримінології слід і надалі продовжувати дотримуватися мультидисциплінарної орієнтації, беручи приклад із представників медицини, і звертатися до всіх галузей і дисциплін, запрошуючи їхніх представників приєднатися до кримінологів у пошуках істини. Кожна галузь і дисципліна має що запропонувати кримінології у міждисциплінарному контексті, і тільки так можна комплексно вирішити проблеми боротьби зі злочинністю.
Fatigue Related Changes in Electromyographic Coherence between Homologous Vastus Lateralis Muscles
Authors: Šatas Andrius , Jurgelaitienė Giedrė , Skurvydas Albertas
Published: October 2019

Background. The aim of this study was to examine changes in the coherence between EMG signals of homologous quadriceps (vastus lateralis, VL) muscles during in the beginning and the end of multiple sustained isometric bilateral contraction at maximal effort. Methods. Twelve young healthy males participated in the study. The increase in coherence between EMG signals of homologous VL muscles in alpha band, beta band and gamma band was observed during the performance of sustained maximal bilateral isometric contraction with simultaneous decreases in bilateral force, CAR. EMG frequency and EMG amplitude.Results. The increase in beta band coherence during sustained maximal isometric contraction was negatively correlated with the decrease in bilateral force, CAR, EMG amplitude and EMG frequency indicating the possible role of beta coherence to improve VL muscle activation efficiency during maximal bilateral isometric contraction and overcome the effects of VL muscle fatigue in young healthy males. Keywords: muscle fatigue, EMG coherence, bilateral contraction, common drive.
GEODESIC METHODS FOR CREATION OF UNIQUE GEOINFORMATION SPACE
Authors: Gorobtsov Sergey , Obidenko Vladimir
Published: October 2019

Modern geodesic support is an integral and essential element of the process of collecting spatial information. The article considers geodesic methods for creating a unique geoinformation space: digitization of cartographic materials, ground survey methods (electronic total stations, 3D laser scanning), remote sensing and methods of the global navigation satellite systems GLONASS and GPS. The article also contains recommended conversion options between the coordinate systems SK-95 and GSK-2011. A comparative analysis of the surveyed geodesic methods for geodata col-lection was carried out. Russian and foreign markets of specialized software for processing geodata are considered, appropriate conclusions are made.