bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Static and dynamic failure mechanisms of circular granite under the condition of water-heat cycles
Authors: Wang Chun , Li Xin-ru , Xie Mei-zhi , Xiong Zu-qiang , Wang Cheng , Wang Huai-bin , Zhan Shuai-fei , Hu Ya-chao
Published: March 2021

Based on the engineering environment where rocks surrounding wellbores in energy storage areas are influenced by high temperature, cool and hot water, thermal stress etc. in the exploitation of hydrothermally geothermal energy, the experimental study on mechanical properties of ring granite under the static and dynamic loads in the water-heat condition was performed. The experimental results showed that when the ring granite was influenced by the inner diameters, heating temperatures, curing temperatures and heat recovery cycle times, the impact load-strain curves were nonlinear. However, the concave stages, platform stages and cliff-like drop stages appeared in the load-strain curves under the static loads. The radical peak loads decreased exponentially with the growth of the damage factors and the dynamic peak loads were far greater than the static peak loads. By analyzing the damage cracks and broken fragments, it was found that under the static and dynamic radical loads, the cracks generated in the ring specimens were tensile cracks and the failure mode was tensile failure. However, the dynamic failure was more aggressive than the static failure. Then, the apparent deformation modulus was defined to describe the deformation characteristics of ring granite before the radical peak loads. And it is found that the variation law of dynamic apparent deformation modulus is more dispersed than the changes of static apparent deformation modulus. Finally, based on the deformation and failure characteristics of ring granite obtained from the tests, the static and dynamic failure criteria considering whether the cracks along the loading direction were generated in the inner ring wall were deduced and verified by the corresponding tests.
The in vitro addition of idarucizumab to plasma samples from patients increases thrombin generation
Authors: Božič Mijovski Mojca , Malmström Rickard E. , Vene Nina , Antovic Jovan P. , Mavri Alenka
Published: March 2021

Dabigatran interferes with many coagulation tests. To overcome this obstacle the use of idarucizumab as an in vitro antidote to dabigatran has been proposed. The aim of this study was to test the effect of idarucizumab as an in vitro antidote to dabigatran in ex vivo plasma samples from routine clinical patients examined by a thrombin generation assay (TGA). From 44 patients with atrial fibrillation five blood samples were collected. Thrombin generation was measured in all samples before and after the addition of idarucizumab. When idarucizumab was added to baseline plasma (no dabigatran), it caused a significantly shorter Lag Time and Time to Peak Thrombin, and a higher Peak Thrombin and Endogenous Thrombin Potential (ETP) of TGA. Similar results were obtained when idarucizumab was added to dabigatran-containing plasma, with TGA parameters comparable to baseline + idarucizumab plasma, but not to baseline plasma. In summary, our study showed that in vitro addition of idarucizumab to plasma samples from patients increases thrombin generation. The use of idarucizumab to neutralize dabigatran in patient plasma samples as well as the clinical relevance of in vitro increased thrombin generation induced by idarucizumab needs further investigation.
Treatment outcomes of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia: a retrospective analysis from 1996 to 2019 in Taiwan
Authors: Yang Yung-Li , Jaing Tang-Her , Chen Shih-Hsiang , Liu Hsi-Che , Hung Iou-Jih , Lin Dong-Tsamn , Yang Chao-Ping , Peng Ching-Tien , Lin Kai-Hsin , Hsiao Chih-Cheng , Jou Shiann-Tarng , Chen Jiann-Shiuh , Lin Ming-Tsan , Wang Shih-Chung , Chang Te-Kau , Huang Fang-Liang , Cheng Chao-Neng , Wu Kang-Hsi , Sheen Jiunn-Ming , Chen Shu-Huey , Lu Meng-Yao , Hung Giun-Yi , Yen Hsiu-Ju , Hsieh Yuh-Lin , Wang Jinn-Li , Chang Yu-Hsiang , Chang Hsiu-Hao , Yeh Ting-Chi , Weng Te-Fu , Hou Jen-Yin , Chen Bow-Wen , Chen Rong-Long , Wang Lin-Yen , Ho Wan-Ling , Chen Yu-Chieh , Cheng Shin-Nan , Chao Yu-Hua , Yang Shang-Hsien , Huang Ting-Huan , Chou Shu-Wei , Lin Chien-Yu , Chen Hsuan-Yu , Chao Yu-Mei Y. , Liang Der-Cherng , Chang Tai-Tsung
Published: March 2021

Improvement in outcomes of children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is attributed to several refinements in clinical management. We evaluated treatment outcomes of Taiwanese pediatric AML patients in the past 20 years. Overall, 860 de novo AML patients aged 0–18 years and registered in the Childhood Cancer Foundation of R.O.C during January 1996–December 2019 were included. Survival analysis was performed to identify factors that improved treatment outcomes. Regardless of treatment modalities used, patients during 2008–2019 had better 5-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) rates than patients during 1996–2007. For patients received the TPOG-AML-97A treatment, only 5-year OS rates were significantly different between patients diagnosed before and after 2008. Patients with RUNX1–RUNX1T1 had similar relapse-free survival rates, but 5-year OS rates were better during 2008–2019. However, the survival of patients who received hematopoietic stem-cell transplantations (HSCT) did not differ significantly before and after 2008. For patients without relapse, the 5-year OS improved during 2008–2019. Non-relapse mortality decreased annually, and cumulative relapse rates were similar. In conclusion, 5-year EFS and OS rates improved during 2008–2019, though intensities of chemotherapy treatments were similar before and after 2008. Non-relapse mortality decreased gradually. Further treatment strategies including more intensive chemotherapy, novel agents’ use, identification of high-risk patients using genotyping and minimal residual disease, early intervention of HSCT, and antibiotic prophylaxis can be considered for future clinical protocol designs in Taiwan.
Validating a segment on chromosome 7 of japonica for establishing low-cadmium accumulating indica rice variety
Authors: Wang Kai , Yan Tian-ze , Xu Shi-long , Yan Xu , Zhou Qun-feng , Zhao Xin-hui , Li Yan-feng , Wu Zhong-xiu , Qin Peng , Fu Chen-jian , Fu Jun , Zhou Yan-biao , Yang Yuan-zhu
Published: March 2021

Cadmium (Cd) contamination of rice is a serious food safety issue that has recently been gaining significant public attention. Therefore, reduction of Cd accumulation in rice grains is an important objective of rice breeding. The use of favourable alleles of Cd accumulating genes using marker-assisted selection (MAS) is theoretically feasible. In this study, we validated a segment covering OsHMA3-OsNramp5-OsNramp1 on chromosome 7 of japonica for establishing low-cadmium accumulating indica rice variety. The OsHMA3-OsNramp5-OsNramp1jap haplotype significantly decreased grain Cd concentration in middle-season indica genetic background. The improved 9311 carrying the OsHMA3-OsNramp5-OsNramp1jap haplotype with recurrent parent genome recovery of up to 91.6% resulted in approximately 31.8% decrease in Cd accumulation in the grain and with no penalty on yield. There is a genetic linkage-drag between OsHMA3-OsNramp5-OsNramp1 jap and the gene conditioning heading to days (HTD) in the early-season indica genetic background. Because the OsHMA3-OsNramp5-OsNramp1-Ghd7jap haplotype significantly increases grain Cd concentration and prolongs growth duration, the linkage-drag between OsHMA3-OsNramp5-OsNramp1 and Ghd7 should be broken down by large segregating populations or gene editing. A novel allele of OsHMA3 was identified from a wide-compatibility japonica cultivar, the expression differences of OsNramp1 and OsNramp5 in roots might contribute the Cd accumulating variation between japonica and indica variety.
Effects of home quarantine during COVID-19 lockdown on physical activity and dietary habits of adults in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alfawaz Hanan , Amer Osama E. , Aljumah Abdulaziz A. , Aldisi Dara A. , Enani Mushira A. , Aljohani Naji J. , Alotaibi Naif H. , Alshingetti Naemah , Alomar Suliman Y. , Khattak Malak Nawaz Khan , Sabico Shaun , Al-Daghri Nasser M.
Published: March 2021

Public health endorsements during the present COVID-19 pandemic has led the governments of largely affected countries to imply policies that restrict social mobility to slow COVID-19 spread. The study aimed to explore the effects of COVID-19 home quarantine on lifestyle and health behavior of Saudi residents. An online survey in Saudi Arabia was launched from May 11 to June 6, 2020. The survey was designed by multidisciplinary scientists and academics uploaded and shared through the Google platform in Arabic and English languages. Questions presented related to responses “before” and “during” COVID-19 home quarantine. A total of 1965 respondents participated and were included in the analysis [921 (47.0%) males and 1044 (53.0%) females]. Non-Saudis were more likely to increase their physical activity during quarantine [odds ratio (95% confidence interval 1.41 (1.11–1.79); p < 0.005]. Prevalence of participants walking daily for more than 4 times per week significantly decreased during pandemic (before vs during, 30.5% vs 29.1%) which was in parallel to the significant increase in the prevalence of participants who did not perform daily walking during the quarantine (21% vs 22.9%; p < 0.001). The prevalence of participants who often consume snacks between meals increased during quarantine (27.4% vs 29.4%, p < 0.001), while the prevalence of participants who never consumed fresh fruits and vegetables significantly increased during home quarantine (2.4% vs 3.7%; p = 0.019). The lockdown imposed in Saudi Arabia modestly but significantly impacted physical activity and dietary behaviors of several citizens and residents in an unhealthy way. Interventions to alleviate these acute adverse lifestyle behaviors during pandemic should be formulated.
All-trans retinoic acid and protein kinase C α/β1 inhibitor combined treatment targets cancer stem cells and impairs breast tumor progression
Authors: Berardi Damian Emilio , Ariza Bareño Lizeth , Amigo Natalia , Cañonero Luciana , Pelagatti Maria de las Nieves , Motter Andrea Nora , Taruselli María Agustina , Díaz Bessone María Inés , Cirigliano Stefano Martin , Edelstein Alexis , Peters María Giselle , Diament Miriam , Urtreger Alejandro Jorge , Todaro Laura Beatriz
Published: March 2021

Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide. Blocking a single signaling pathway is often an ineffective therapy, especially in the case of aggressive or drug-resistant tumors. Since we have previously described the mechanism involved in the crosstalk between Retinoic Acid system and protein kinase C (PKC) pathway, the rationale of our study was to evaluate the effect of combining all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) with a classical PCK inhibitor (Gö6976) in preclinical settings. Employing hormone-independent mammary cancer models, Gö6976 and ATRA combined treatment induced a synergistic reduction in proliferative potential that correlated with an increased apoptosis and RARs modulation towards an anti-oncogenic profile. Combined treatment also impairs growth, self-renewal and clonogenicity potential of cancer stem cells and reduced tumor growth, metastatic spread and cancer stem cells frequency in vivo. An in-silico analysis of “Kaplan–Meier plotter” database indicated that low PKCα together with high RARα mRNA expression is a favorable prognosis factor for hormone-independent breast cancer patients. Here we demonstrate that a classical PKC inhibitor potentiates ATRA antitumor effects also targeting cancer stem cells growth, self-renewal and frequency.
Monitoring geological storage of CO2: a new approach
Authors: Fawad Manzar , Mondol Nazmul Haque
Published: March 2021

Geological CO2 storage can be employed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to the atmosphere. Depleted oil and gas reservoirs, deep saline aquifers, and coal beds are considered to be viable subsurface CO2 storage options. Remote monitoring is essential for observing CO2 plume migration and potential leak detection during and after injection. Leak detection is probably the main risk, though overall monitoring for the plume boundaries and verification of stored volumes are also necessary. There are many effective remote CO2 monitoring techniques with various benefits and limitations. We suggest a new approach using a combination of repeated seismic and electromagnetic surveys to delineate CO2 plume and estimate the gas saturation in a saline reservoir during the lifetime of a storage site. This study deals with the CO2 plume delineation and saturation estimation using a combination of seismic and electromagnetic or controlled-source electromagnetic (EM/CSEM) synthetic data. We assumed two scenarios over a period of 40 years; Case 1 was modeled assuming both seismic and EM repeated surveys were acquired, whereas, in Case 2, repeated EM surveys were taken with only before injection (baseline) 3D seismic data available. Our results show that monitoring the CO2 plume in terms of extent and saturation is possible both by (i) using a repeated seismic and electromagnetic, and (ii) using a baseline seismic in combination with repeated electromagnetic data. Due to the nature of the seismic and EM techniques, spatial coverage from the reservoir's base to the surface makes it possible to detect the CO2 plume’s lateral and vertical migration. However, the CSEM low resolution and depth uncertainties are some limitations that need consideration. These results also have implications for monitoring oil production—especially with water flooding, hydrocarbon exploration, and freshwater aquifer identification.
Effects of mating on reproductive performance of Coccophagus japonicus Compere (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae)
Authors: Li Xian , Shen Shunzhang , Fu Yueguan , Chen Junyu , Li Lei , Han Dongyin , Zhu Junhong , Zhang Fangping
Published: March 2021

Coccophagus japonicus Compere, an endoparasitoid of Parasaissetia nigra Nietner, has great potential for biological control. To assess the influence of mating on the reproductive performance of this parasitoid, we examined the effects of mating on ovarian development, female longevity and number of eggs laid. The results showed that the egg volume in the ovary of C. japonicus first increased and then decreased with increases in the age of female adults. The peak egg volume in the ovary of mated females occurred 2 days earlier than that of virgin females. Within the female age range of 0–15 days, the numbers of eggs at stages I, II, and III first increased and then decreased with increases in the age of female C. japonicus, whereas the number of eggs at stage IV increased. The duration of the coexistence of females and males significantly influenced the length and width of the female ovaries, and the longest ovary tube and the highest number of eggs were obtained with a coexistence duration of 0 days. C. japonicus female longevity decreased with increases in the number of matings, and the number of eggs laid by females within 15 days decreased with increasing delays in mating. In conclusion, mating can shorten the longevity of C. japonicus females, and selecting newly emerged virgin females for mating can significantly improve the number of eggs laid and the breeding efficiency of the parasitoid.
Wnt5A modulates integrin expression in a receptor-dependent manner in ovarian cancer cells
Authors: Azimian-Zavareh Vajihe , Dehghani-Ghobadi Zeinab , Ebrahimi Marzieh , Mirzazadeh Kian , Nazarenko Irina , Hossein Ghamartaj
Published: March 2021

Wnt5A signals through various receptors that confer versatile biological functions. Here, we used Wnt5A overexpressing human ovarian SKOV-3 and OVCAR-3 stable clones for assessing integrin expression, cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and the ability of multicellular aggregates (MCAs) formation. We found here, that Wnt5A regulates differently the expression of its receptors in the stable Wnt5A overexpressing clones. The expression levels of Frizzled (FZD)-2 and -5, were increased in different clones. However ROR-1, -2 expression levels were differently regulated in clones. Wnt5A overexpressing clones showed increased cell proliferation, migration, and clonogenicity. Moreover, Wnt5A overexpressing SKOV-3 clone showed increased MCAs formation ability. Cell invasion had been increased in OVCAR-3-derived clones, while this was decreased in SKOV-3-derived clone. Importantly, αv integrin expression levels were increased in all assessed clones, accompanied by increased cell attachment to fibronectin and focal adhesion kinase activity. Moreover, the treatment of clones with Box5 as a Wnt5A/FZD5 antagonist abrogates ITGAV increase, cell proliferation, migration, and their attachment to fibronectin. Accordingly, we observed significantly higher expression levels of ITGAV and ITGB3 in human high-grade serous ovarian cancer specimens and ITGAV correlated positively with Wnt5A in metastatic serous type ovarian cancer. In summary, we hypothesize here, that Wnt5A/FZD-5 signaling modulate αv integrin expression levels that could be associated with ovarian cancer cell proliferation, migration, and fibronectin attachment.
A Raman algorithm to estimate human age from protein structural variations in autopsy skin samples: a protein biological clock
Authors: Miyamori Daisuke , Uemura Takeshi , Zhu Wenliang , Fujikawa Kei , Nakaya Takaaki , Teramukai Satoshi , Pezzotti Giuseppe , Ikegaya Hiroshi
Published: March 2021

The recent increase of the number of unidentified cadavers has become a serious problem throughout the world. As a simple and objective method for age estimation, we attempted to utilize Raman spectrometry for forensic identification. Raman spectroscopy is an optical-based vibrational spectroscopic technique that provides detailed information regarding a sample’s molecular composition and structures. Building upon our previous proof-of-concept study, we measured the Raman spectra of abdominal skin samples from 132 autopsy cases and the protein-folding intensity ratio, RPF, defined as the ratio between the Raman signals from a random coil an α-helix. There was a strong negative correlation between age and RPF with a Pearson correlation coefficient of r = 0.878. Four models, based on linear (RPF), squared (RPF2), sex, and RPF by sex interaction terms, were examined. The results of cross validation suggested that the second model including linear and squared terms was the best model with the lowest root mean squared error (11.3 years of age) and the highest coefficient of determination (0.743). Our results indicate that the there was a high correlation between the age and RPF and the Raman biological clock of protein folding can be used as a simple and objective forensic age estimation method for unidentified cadavers.
Effect of depressive symptom and depressive disorder on glaucoma incidence in elderly
Authors: Jung Younhea , Han Kyungdo , Wang Sheng-min , Yoon Hye yeon , Moon Jung Il
Published: March 2021

Although depression and glaucoma share several common pathophysiology, the risk of glaucoma in patients with depression has not been reported. Thus, we investigated the effect of depressive symptom and depressive disorder on glaucoma incidence. In this nationwide population-based cohort study, all subjects receiving the National Screening Program at the age of 66 during 2009–2014 were included. These subjects were divided into depression group and no depression group based on subjective depressive symptoms and clinically diagnosed depressive disorder and were tracked until 2017 for development of glaucoma. Of the 922,769 subjects included in the study, 191,636 (20.77%) subjects were categorized as depression group. Subjects with depression showed increased hazard of developing glaucoma (adjusted HR = 1.12[95% confidence interval (CI), 1.09–1.15]) than those without depression. The risk of glaucoma increased sequentially from those with no depression to those with subjective depressive symptom (adjusted HR = 1.09[95% CI, 1.06–1.13]), those with clinically diagnosed depressive disorder (adjusted HR = 1.23[95% CI, 1.14–1.32]), and those with both subjective depressive symptom and clinically diagnosed depressive disorder (adjusted HR = 1.36[95% CI, 1.22–1.52]). Our analyses suggest that individuals with depression had a greater risk of developing glaucoma than those without depression. Subjective depressive symptoms and clinically diagnosed depressive disorder independently and synergistically increased the risk of glaucoma incidence.
Liver stiffness and insulin resistance in predicting recurrence for early stage hepatoma patients after curative resection
Authors: Wang Jing-Houng , Li Wei-Feng , Yong Chee-Chien , Liu Yueh-Wei , Lu Sheng-Nan , Wang Chih-Chi
Published: March 2021

Curative resection is recommended for patient with early stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), however, the prognosis is limited by high recurrence rate. This study was to investigate liver stiffness (LS) and metabolic factor in prediction of HCC recurrence for patients with early stage HCC who had undergone curative resection. Consecutive patients with suspicion of HCC who had undergone curative resection were prospectively enrolled. Transient elastography was performed to determine LS pre-operatively. The demographics, clinical characteristics and histological findings were recorded. All patients were followed up regularly until recurrence, death or last visit. Ninety-four patients with early stage HCC were enrolled. LS positively correlated with fibrosis stage (r = 0.666). In a median follow-up of 3.2 years, forty patients developed recurrences including 22 recurrences after 1-year post resection. The 5-year cumulative recurrence rate was 44.2%. LS was the independent factor associated with recurrence. Patients with LS > 8.5 kPa had higher 5-year cumulative recurrence rate (59.8% vs 25.1%, p = 0.007). For the prediction of recurrence after 1-year post resection, LS > 8.5 kPa (hazard ratio 2.72) and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) (hazard ratio 1.24) were independent factors in multivariate analysis. Those patients with both LS > 8.5 kPa and HOMA-IR > 2.3 had the highest recurrence rate after 1-year post resection.
Author Correction: Cytoskeletal disorganization underlies PABPN1-mediated myogenic disability
Authors: Olie Cyriel Sebastiaan , van der Wal Erik , Cikes Domagoj , Maton Loes , de Greef Jessica C. , Lin I.-Hsuan , Chen Yi-Fan , Kareem Elsayad , Penninger Josef M. , Kessler Benedikt M. , Raz Vered
Published: March 2021

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
The effects of resveratrol on the expression of VEGF, TGF-β, and MMP-9 in endometrial stromal cells of women with endometriosis
Authors: Arablou Tahereh , Aryaeian Naheed , Khodaverdi Sepideh , Kolahdouz-Mohammadi Roya , Moradi Zahra , Rashidi Nesa , Delbandi Ali-Akbar
Published: March 2021

Resveratrol is a phytochemical with anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. The present study has evaluated the effect of resveratrol on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) as factors related to endometriosis progression. Thirteen eutopic (EuESCs) and 8 ectopic (EESCs) endometrial stromal cells from women with endometriosis and 11 control endometrial stromal cells (CESCs) were treated with resveratrol (100 µM) for 6, 24 and 48 h. The gene and protein expression levels of VEGF, TGF-β, and MMP-9 were measured using real-time PCR and ELISA methods, respectively. Results showed that the basal gene and protein expression of VEGF and MMP-9 were higher in EESCs compared to EuESCs and CESCs (P < 0.01 to  < 0.001 and P < 0.05 to  < 0.01 respectively). Also, resveratrol treatment decreased the gene and protein expression of VEGF and MMP-9 in EuESCs, EESCs and CESCs (P < 0.05 to  < 0.01 and P < 0.05 to  < 0.01 respectively) and gene and protein expression of TGF-β in EESCs and EuESCs (P < 0.05 to  < 0.01). The effect of resveratrol in reduction of VEGF gene expression was statistically more noticeable in EESCs compared to EuESCs and CESCs (P < 0.05). According to the findings, resveratrol may ameliorate endometriosis progression through reducing the expression of VEGF, TGF-β, and MMP-9 in endometrial stromal cells (ESCs).
Gender differences of clinical and polysomnographic findings with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
Authors: Zhou Xiaobo , Zhou Bo , Li Zhe , Lu Qiao , Li Shaoping , Pu Zhongyin , Luo Fang
Published: March 2021

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is underdiagnosed in females and gender differences in clinical and polysomnographic findings have not been widely investigated in China. We examined clinical and polysomnographic differences between males and females with OSAS in order to determine the influence of gender on clinical presentation and polysomnographic features. Data were collected from 303 adult patients diagnosed with OSAS (237 males and 66 females) from 2017 to 2019. All the patients completed physical examination, Epworth sleepiness scale, and whole night polysomnography. AVONA, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess gender differences of clinical and polysomnographic findings with OSAS. P < 0.05 was statistically significant. The average age was 48.4 ± 12.6 years for females and 43.4 ± 12.4 years for males. Compared with female patients with OSAS, male patients were taller and heavier, had higher systolic blood pressure in the morning, shorter duration of slow wave sleep, more micro-arousal events, greater AHI, and more complex sleep apnea events. There are obvious gender differences of clinical and polysomnographic characteristics with OSAS. Understanding gender differences will contribute to better clinical recognition of OSAS in females as well as the provision of proper health care and therapeutic practice.
Type 2 diabetes progression differently affects endothelial function and vascular contractility in the aorta and the pulmonary artery
Authors: Melo Bernardete F. , Prieto-Lloret Jesus , Cabral Marlene D. , Martins Fatima O. , Martins Inês B. , Sacramento Joana F. , Ruivo Pedro , Carvalho Tânia , Conde Silvia V.
Published: March 2021

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with cardiovascular and pulmonary disease. How T2D affects pulmonary endothelial function is not well characterized. We investigated the effects of T2D progression on contractility machinery and endothelial function in the pulmonary and systemic circulation and the mechanisms promoting the dysfunction, using pulmonary artery (PA) and aorta. A high-fat (HF, 3 weeks 60% lipid-rich diet) and a high-fat/high-sucrose (HFHSu, combined 60% lipid-rich diet and 35% sucrose during 25 weeks) groups were used as prediabetes and T2D rat models. We found that T2D progression differently affects endothelial function and vascular contractility in the aorta and PA, with the contractile machinery being altered in the PA and aorta in prediabetes and T2D animals; and endothelial function being affected in both models in the aorta but only affected in the PA of T2D animals, meaning that PA is more resistant than aorta to endothelial dysfunction. Additionally, PA and systemic endothelial dysfunction in diabetic rats were associated with alterations in the nitrergic system and inflammatory pathways. PA dysfunction in T2D involves endothelial wall mineralization. The understanding of the mechanisms behind PA dysfunction in T2D can lead to significant advances in both preventative and therapeutic treatments of pulmonary disease-associated diabetes.
Publisher Correction: Universal probabilistic programming offers a powerful approach to statistical phylogenetics
Authors: Ronquist Fredrik , Kudlicka Jan , Senderov Viktor , Borgström Johannes , Lartillot Nicolas , Lundén Daniel , Murray Lawrence , Schön Thomas B. , Broman David
Published: March 2021

A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-021-01922-8
Capturing the dynamic association between a tris-dipicolinate lanthanide complex and a decapeptide: a combined paramagnetic NMR and molecular dynamics exploration
Authors: Denis-Quanquin Sandrine , Bartocci Alessio , Szczepaniak Florence , Riobé Francois , Maury Olivier , Dumont Elise , Giraud Nicolas
Published: March 2021

We combine NMR and molecular dynamics to decipher the dynamic supramolecular association process between a peptide and a lanthanide complex.
Perovskite CaZrO3 for efficient ozonation treatment of organic pollutants in wastewater
Authors: Han Peiwei , Lv Hongxia , Li Xiaogang , Wang Shengzhe , Wu Zhilian , Li Xiangnan , Mu Zhao , Li Xinjun , Sun Chenglin , Wei Huangzhao , Ma Lei
Published: March 2021

The presence of oxygen vacancy on the surface of CaZrO3 accelerates the decomposition of ozone and generates reactive oxygen substances to act on the mineralization of m-cresol.
Interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction in the epitaxial W/Co/Pt multilayers
Authors: Jena Sukanta Kumar , Islam Rajibul , Milińska Ewelina , Jakubowski Marcin M. , Minikayev Roman , Lewińska Sabina , Lynnyk Artem , Pietruczik Aleksiej , Aleszkiewicz Paweł , Autieri Carmine , Wawro Andrzej
Published: March 2021

The additive interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI) arises at two W/Co and Co/Pt interfaces in the epitaxial W/Co/Pt multilayer which exhibits a labyrinth magnetic domain structure.
Mutual kinetic resolution: probing enantiorecognition phenomena and screening for kinetic resolution with racemic reagents
Authors: Davies Stephen G. , Fletcher Ai M. , Roberts Paul M. , Thomson James E.
Published: March 2021

This review highlights recent examples of mutual kinetic resolutions and describes how this approach can be used as a powerful tool to screen for efficient kinetic/parallel kinetic resolution protocols.
Enhanced urea oxidization electrocatalysis on spinel cobalt oxide nanowires via on-site electrochemical defect engineering
Authors: Fang Ming , Xu Wen-Bo , Han Shun , Cao Peijiang , Xu Wangying , Zhu Deliang , Lu Youming , Liu Wenjun
Published: March 2021

A reversed-potential tuning strategy is proposed to introduce defects on the surface of cobalt oxide nanowires, enabling significantly improved electrocatalytic performance for urea oxidization under alkaline conditions.
Platycodon grandiflorumextract: chemical composition and whitening, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects
Authors: Ma Xintong , Shao Shuai , Xiao Fengqin , Zhang Hongyin , Zhang Rongrong , Wang Miao , Li Guangzhe , Yan Mingming
Published: March 2021

Whitening cosmetics have a large market scale and broad development prospects, while whitening products of traditional Chinese medicine have always been a research hotspot.
Effect of H2SO4/H2O2 pre-treatment on electrochemical properties of exfoliated graphite prepared by an electro-exfoliation method
Authors: Abdillah Oktaviardi Bityasmawan , Floweri Octia , Mayangsari Tirta Rona , Santosa Sigit Puji , Ogi Takashi , Iskandar Ferry
Published: March 2021

Early expansion of graphite after H2SO4/H2O2 pre-treatment and cyclic voltammograms of exfoliated graphite (EG) prepared with various volume fractions of H2O2.
Characterization of carotenoids and phenolics during fruit ripening of Chinese raspberry (Rubus chingii Hu)
Authors: Li Xiaobai , Sun Jian , Chen Zhen , Jiang Jingyong , Jackson Aaron
Published: March 2021

Chinese raspberry (Rubus chingii Hu) is a fruit valued for its health benefits, which is indigenous to China.
Preparation of N/S doped carbon dots and their application in nitrite detection
Authors: Deng Yafeng , Qian Jun , Zhou Yihua , Niu Yifan
Published: March 2021

Detection of carcinogens is generally recognized to be meaningful, especially for nitrites (NO2−).
Plasmon-assisted click chemistry at low temperature: an inverse temperature effect on the reaction rate
Authors: Guselnikova Olga , Váňa Jiří , Phuong Linh Trinh , Panov Illia , Rulíšek Lubomír , Trelin Andrii , Postnikov Pavel , Švorčík Václav , Andris Erik , Lyutakov Oleksiy
Published: March 2021

The decrease of reaction temperature can potentially lead to an increase of plasmon-assisted catalytic efficiency.
Non-concentrated aqueous electrolytes with organic solvent additives for stable zinc batteries
Authors: Dong Yang , Miao Licheng , Ma Guoqiang , Di Shengli , Wang Yuanyuan , Wang Liubin , Xu Jianzhong , Zhang Ning
Published: March 2021

Involvement of dimethyl carbonate and trifluoromethanesulfonate anions in a hybrid aqueous electrolyte enables the formation of a new Zn2+-solvation structure and a ZnF2–ZnCO3-rich interphase that stabilizes the Zn battery chemistry.
Efficient water oxidation using flower-like multiphase nickel hydroxide with Fe doping
Authors: Zhang Xinyue , Qiu Yanling , Zhang Wenxiu , Ji Xuqiang , Liu Jingquan
Published: March 2021

Catalysts of flower-like multiphase nickel hydroxide doped with Fe (Fe-α,β-Ni(OH)2) are fabricated through one-pot solvothermal-coordination methodology. The catalyst achieves a current density of 30 mA cm−2 in 1 M KOH at an overpotential of 267 mV.
Buckling, crumpling, and tumbling of semiflexible sheets in simple shear flow
Authors: Silmore Kevin S. , Strano Michael S. , Swan James W.
Published: March 2021

Athermal semiflexible sheets dispersed in a fluid are simulated under simple shear flow, and the dynamical behavior of the sheets is found to depend strongly on initial orientation and the ratio of bending stress to viscous stress.
Peculiar role of the electrolyte viscosity in the electrochemical capacitor performance
Authors: Galek Przemyslaw , Slesinski Adam , Fic Krzysztof , Menzel Jakub
Published: March 2021

This paper reports on the electrochemical performance of symmetric electrochemical capacitors operating in an aqueous electrolyte (1 mol L−1 Li2SO4 solution) whose viscosity is modified by various amounts of carboxymethyl cellulose additive.
Unveiling the role of carbon oxidation in irreversible degradation of atomically-dispersed FeN4 moieties for proton exchange membrane fuel cells
Authors: Tan Xin , Tahini Hassan A. , Smith Sean C.
Published: March 2021

Irreversible degradation of FeN4 catalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cells at the atomic level, caused by Fe de-metalation and chemical oxidation of carbon via a proposed new carbon oxidation pathway.
Ultrahigh capacity and cyclability of dual-phase TiO2 nanowires with low working potential at room and subzero temperatures
Authors: Lin Dongmei , Lyu Linlong , Li Kaikai , Chen Guohua , Yao Haimin , Kang Feiyu , Li Baohua , Zhou Limin
Published: March 2021

Dual-phase TiO2 nanowires exhibit ultrahigh reversible capacity and excellent long-term cycling stability with low working potential at room and subzero temperatures.
Multilayer ceramic film capacitors for high-performance energy storage: progress and outlook
Authors: Fan Zhengjie , Li Lili , Mei Xuesong , Zhao Fan , Li Haijian , Zhuo Xueshi , Zhang Xiaofeng , Lu Yang , Zhang Lin , Liu Ming
Published: March 2021

This review summarized several control optimization mechanisms for multilayer ceramic film capacitors by recalling previous studies on multilayer films. In addition, the outlook and future research direction of multilayer films were also discussed.
Reaction-based fluorescent silk probes with high sensitivity and selectivity to Hg2+and Ag+ions
Authors: Xiao Li , Liu Kaiqi , Duan Lian , Cheng Xinjian
Published: March 2021

Fluorescent functionalized silks have been prepared. These fluorescent silk probes exhibit obvious fluorescence quenching effects only to Hg2+or Ag+.
Elucidating the growth mechanism of ZnO films by atomic layer deposition with oxygen gas via isotopic tracking
Authors: Nguyen Tai , Valle Nathalie , Guillot Jérôme , Bour Jérôme , Adjeroud Noureddine , Fleming Yves , Guennou Mael , Audinot Jean-Nicolas , El Adib Brahime , Joly Raoul , Arl Didier , Frache Gilles , Polesel-Maris Jérôme
Published: March 2021

The growth process of zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films by atomic layer deposition (ALD) accompanied by the presence of oxygen gas pulsing is investigated by means of the isotopic tracking of oxygen 18O from the water precursor and oxygen 16O from the gas.
Electrohydrodynamic jet printed conducting polymer for enhanced chemiresistive gas sensors
Authors: Mkhize Nhlakanipho , Murugappan Krishnan , Castell Martin R , Bhaskaran Harish
Published: March 2021

EHD printing of discrete conducting polymer arrays, bridging the electrodes for highly sensitive chemiresistive gas sensors.
Photon assisted-inversion of majority charge carriers in molecular semiconductor-based organic heterojunctions
Authors: Kikobo Gracia Loma , Kumar Abhishek , Vibhu Vaibhav , Ouedraogo Seydou , Deshotel Alix , Mateos Mickaël , Meunier-Prest Rita , Bouvet Marcel
Published: March 2021

Ambipolar copper octafluorophthalocyanine exhibits unique electron transport properties compared to its p- and n-type analogues as revealed in organic heterojunctions.
Linear and high-molecular-weight poly-porphyrins for efficient photodynamic therapy
Authors: Zheng Nan , Li Xiahui , Huangfu Shangwei , Xia Kangkai , Yue Ruofei , Wu Huijian , Song Wangze
Published: March 2021

A linear poly-porphyrin with high Mw and conjugated by PEG and acetazolamide was developed with enhanced singlet oxygen quantum yield, improved photo-toxicity and excellent in vivo photodynamic therapy.
Heteroleptic, polynuclear dysprosium(iii)-carbamato complexes through in situ carbon dioxide capture
Authors: Schlittenhardt Sören , Moreno-Pineda Eufemio , Ruben Mario
Published: March 2021

We show the synthesis of three new dysprosium(iii)-carbamato complexes and describe their structures and magnetic properties through X-ray diffraction and SQUID measurements.
Dinuclear triple stranded phenyl-spaced 1,3-bis-β-diketonato lanthanide(iii) complexes: synthesis, structures and spectroscopy
Authors: Brock A. J. , Etchells I. M. , Moore E. G. , Clegg J. K.
Published: March 2021

The synthesis and crystal structures of a series of Ln(iii) complexes of a bis-β-diketone ligand (1,1′-(1,3-phenylene)bis(4,4-dimethylpentane-1,3-dione), H2L1) is reported.
Boosting the lithium storage performance of Na2Li2Ti6O14 anodes by g-C3N4 modification
Authors: Li Ying , Wang Fanfan , Li Xue-Zhong , Gui Xuan , Zhu Yan-Rong , Cui Ping , Yi Ting-Feng
Published: March 2021

A promising Na2Li2Ti6O14@g-C3N4 composite exhibits a boosted lithium storage performance benefiting from the g-C3N4 modification.
Toxicological and anti-tumor effects of a linden extract (Tilia platyphyllos Scop.) in a HPV16-transgenic mouse model
Authors: Ferreira Tiago , Nascimento-Gonçalves Elisabete , Macedo Sara , Borges Inês , Gama Adelina , M. Gil da Costa Rui , Neuparth Maria J. , Lanzarin Germano , Venâncio Carlos , Félix Luís , Gaivão Isabel , Alvarado Antonieta , Pires Maria J. , Bastos Margarida M. S. M. , Medeiros Rui , Nogueira António , Barros Lillian , Ferreira Isabel C. F. R. , Rosa Eduardo , Oliveira Paula A.
Published: March 2021

Study of the potential chemopreventive effects of T. platyphyllos Scop. extract against the development of HPV16-induced lesions and determination of its in vivo toxicity in HPV16-transgenic mice.
Encapsulation of lipophilic polyphenols in plant-based nanoemulsions: impact of carrier oil on lipid digestion and curcumin, resveratrol and quercetin bioaccessibility
Authors: Zhou Hualu , Zheng Bingjing , McClements David Julian
Published: March 2021

The gastrointestinal fate of emulsified lipophilic polyphenols depends on the nature of the carrier oil used to deliver them.
Exposure to oxidized soybean oil induces mammary mitochondrial injury in lactating rats and alters the intestinal barrier function of progeny
Authors: Wang Chuanqi , Gao Feng , Guan Xin , Yao Xinxin , Shi Baoming , Zhang Yinghua
Published: March 2021

The ingestion of OSO promoted the expression of mitochondrial function-related genes, such as Sirt3 and PRDX3, and these genes contributed to the elimination of oxidative production in mitochondria.
The dehydrogenative oxidation of aryl methanols using an oxygen bridged [Cu–O–Se] bimetallic catalyst
Authors: Choudhury Prabhupada , Behera Pradyota Kumar , Bisoyi Tanmayee , Sahu Santosh Kumar , Sahu Rashmi Ranjan , Prusty Smruti Ranjita , Stitgen Abigail , Scanlon Joseph , Kar Manoranjan , Rout Laxmidhar
Published: March 2021

Herein, we report a new protocol for the dehydrogenative oxidation of aryl methanols using the cheap and commercially available catalyst CuSeO3·2H2O.
Strong electrostatic adsorption-engaged fabrication of sub-3.0 nm PtRu alloy nanoparticles as synergistic electrocatalysts toward hydrogen evolution
Authors: Yang Zhipeng , Yang Dandan , Wang Yi , Long Yan , Huang Wenchao , Fan Guangyin
Published: March 2021

A strong electrostatic adsorption-engaged strategy was used to fabricate sub-3.0 nm PtRu alloy nanoparticles as synergistic electrocatalysts for efficient hydrogen evolution.
Selective photoredox direct arylations of aryl bromides in water in a microfluidic reactor
Authors: Pallini Francesca , Sangalli Elena , Sassi Mauro , Roth Philippe M. C. , Mattiello Sara , Beverina Luca
Published: March 2021

Performing photoredox direct arylation reactions under emulsion conditions in a microflow reactor enables high efficiency and high selectivity thanks to the favorable compartmentalization of the reagents and reactants.
Development of a 1,2-difluorofucoside activity-based probe for profiling GH29 fucosidases
Authors: Luijkx Yvette M. C. A. , Jongkees Seino , Strijbis Karin , Wennekes Tom
Published: March 2021

We developed the activity-based probe YL209 that can covalently functionalize diverse GH29 α-l-fucosidases and detect these at nanogram levels after a click reaction with a biotin reporter.
Enantioselective construction of the 8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane scaffold: application in the synthesis of tropane alkaloids
Authors: Rodriguez Sandra , Uria Uxue , Reyes Efraim , Prieto Liher , Rodríguez-Rodríguez Marta , Carrillo Luisa , Vicario Jose L.
Published: March 2021

The 8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane core is the central motif of tropane alkaloids. This review compiles the methodologies employed to synthesize this scaffold in an enantioenriched form from achiral starting materials.
Synthesis of selenated tetracyclic indoloazulenesviaiodine and diorganyl diselenides
Authors: Win Khin Myat Noe , Sonawane Amol D. , Koketsu Mamoru
Published: March 2021

Herein, we report an efficient protocol for the synthesis of selenated tetracyclic indoloazulenes.
An artificial ruthenium-containing β-barrel protein for alkene–alkyne coupling reaction
Authors: Thiel Andreas , Sauer Daniel F. , Markel Ulrich , Mertens M. A. Stephanie , Polen Tino , Schwaneberg Ulrich , Okuda Jun
Published: March 2021

An artificial metalloprotein harboring an [(η5-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)ruthenium(ii)] catalyst for the alkene–alkyne coupling reaction was developed.
Simple acyclic molecules containing a single charge-assisted O–H group can recognize anions in acetonitrile : water mixtures
Authors: Goodwin Rosemary J. , Blyth Mitchell T. , Fung Alfred K. K. , Smith Leesa M. , Norcott Philip L. , Tanovic Sara , Coote Michelle L. , White Nicholas G.
Published: March 2021

Simple cationic compounds containing O–H hydrogen bond donors bind anions very strongly in acetonitrile, and with moderate strength in 9 : 1 acetonitrile : water.
Understanding the interfacial reactions of LiCoO2 positive electrodes in aqueous lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Oh Hyunjeong , Yamagishi Hirona , Ohta Toshiaki , Byon Hye Ryung
Published: March 2021

Insertion of protons (H+) into the LCO surface caused distortion of the local LCO structure and reduced lithiation efficiency in aqueous lithium-ion batteries.
Benzannulation strategies for the synthesis of carbazoles, indolocarbazoles, benzocarbazoles, and carbolines
Authors: Banerjee Ankush , Kundu Samrat , Bhattacharyya Arya , Sahu Samrat , Maji Modhu Sudan
Published: March 2021

This review presents a critical and authoritative analysis of several exciting benzannulation approaches developed in the past decade for the construction of carbazoles, indolocarbazoles, benzocarbazoles, and carbolines.
Norwilsonnol A, an immunosuppressive polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol with a spiro[5-oxatricyclo[6.4.0.03,7]dodecane-6′,1-1′,2′-dioxane] system from Hypericum wilsonii
Authors: Xie Shuangshuang , Zhou Yuan , Tan Xiaosheng , Sun Weiguang , Duan Yulin , Feng Hao , Sun Lingjuan , Guo Yi , Shi Zhengyi , Hao Xincai , Chen Gang , Qi Changxing , Zhang Yonghui
Published: March 2021

Norwilsonnol A (1), a structurally complex polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol (PPAP) bearing an unprecedented scaffold, together with a new biosynthetic analogue, norwilsonnol B (2), were isolated from Hypericum wilsonii.
Hydrogen generation from ammonia borane hydrolysis catalyzed by ruthenium nanoparticles supported on Co–Ni layered double oxides
Authors: Qiu Xueying , Liu Jiaxi , Qiu Shujun , Huang Pengru , Chu Hailiang , Zou Yongjin , Zhang Huanzhi , Xu Fen , Sun Lixian
Published: March 2021

Ruthenium nanoparticles supported on CoNi-LDO with an urchin-like structure exhibit superior catalytic properties toward AB hydrolysis for hydrogen production, which is confirmed by theoretical simulation.
Zinc oxide-modified mordenite as an effective catalyst for the dehydrogenation of (bio)ethanol to acetaldehyde
Authors: Raynes Samuel J. , Taylor Russell A.
Published: March 2021

Varying the extraframework metal cation on alkali exchanged mordenite tunes the ethanol dehydrogenation properties of ZnO supported on mordenite, resulting in enhanced lifetime, low ethylene selectivity and increased acetaldehyde productivity per Zn.
Electrostatic interactions between the SARS-CoV-2 virus and a charged electret fibre
Authors: Javidpour Leili , Božič Anže , Naji Ali , Podgornik Rudolf
Published: March 2021

Electrostatic interactions between the surface of a single charged electret fibre and a model of the SARS-CoV-2 virus are drastically influenced by pH, salt concentration, and the charge on the fibre.
Metal-free surface-microporous graphene electrocatalysts from CO2 for rechargeable all-solid-state zinc–air batteries
Authors: Deng Jie , Wang Lei , Jin Fangming , Hu Yun Hang
Published: March 2021

Metal-free surface-microporous graphene was demonstrated as an excellent air electrode, creating an efficient and durable all-solid-state Zn–air battery with the smallest charge/discharge voltage gap of 0.25 V within a 10 min charge–discharge cycle.
The isolation and analysis of fetal nucleated red blood cells using multifunctional microbeads with a nanostructured coating toward early noninvasive prenatal diagnostics
Authors: Zhang Qilin , Zhang Kelin , Guo Yuping , Wei Xiaoyun , Sun Yue , Cai Bo , Shi Yunfan , Du Yunxiao , Liu Yuling , Fan Cuifang , Zhao Xing-Zhong
Published: March 2021

An innovative platform is demonstrated based on multifunctional microbeads with a nanostructured coating for fNRBC isolation and release.
VE-cadherin-based matrix promoting the self-reconstruction of pro-vascularization microenvironments and endothelial differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Xie Jinghui , Li Xiaoning , Zhang Yan , Tang Tingting , Chen Guoqiang , Mao Hongli , Gu Zhongwei , Yang Jun
Published: March 2021

The hVE-cad-Fc matrix promotes the self-reconstruction of pro-vascularization microenvironments and endothelial differentiation of hMSCs.
High performance self-powered CuZnS/GaN UV photodetectors with ultrahigh on/off ratio (3 × 108)
Authors: Zhang Yong , Song Weidong
Published: March 2021

P-CuZnS/n-GaN UV photodetector is prepared by a simple chemical bath deposition, showing excellent self-powered properties, including ultrahigh on/off ratio (3 × 108), fast response speed (0.14/40 ms) and large detectivity of 3 × 1013 Jones.
Increasing the nucleation and growth barrier of a non-fullerene acceptor to achieve bicontinuous pathways in semitransparent ternary polymer solar cells
Authors: Liu Yadi , Yan Ye , Zhang Qiang , Zhang Jidong , Yu Xinhong , Han Yanchun
Published: March 2021

In order to suppress the intense aggregation of IEICO-4F, an amorphous molecule NCBDT-4Cl is added to increase the nucleation and growth barrier of IEICO-4F. The resulting ternary ST-PSCs achieve a PCE of 10.31% with an AVT of 20.6%.