bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Leer el sentir del pueblo: liderazgo y representación en la democracia schmittiana
Authors: Manzullo Gonzalo
Published: July 2023

Tomando como puntapié algunos posicionamientos de Carl Schmitt en sus escritos sobre el parlamentarismo y su sistemática Teoría de la constitución [1928], este escrito se propone indagar al respecto de la cuestión de los sentimientos del pueblo, su identidad y reconocimiento en la teoría política schmittiana, reponiendo la particular comprensión del alemán sobre la democracia, así como su entendimiento respecto de la cuestión del liderazgo y el problema de la representación en ese marco democrático. Realizada la mencionada reposición se establecerá luego, en segunda instancia, una aproximación preliminar sobre el lugar que los sentimientos del pueblo pueden ocupar al interior de la teoría política del alemán, en relación con las identidades políticas colectivas, su reconocimiento y representación, así como respecto de la cuestión de los afectos en el liderazgo democrático.
Glomerulogenesis and Histomorphometeric in Mus musculus Embryo
Authors: Alzubaidi Amar , Al-Bakri Nahla A. , Ateeq M. J. Alarami
Published: July 2023

In mammals, the kidneys originate in an embryo from the mesoderm through three
excretory organs, namely: Pronephros, Mesonephros, and Metanephros. After the formation
of Metanephros is completed, the kidneys begin to form nephrogenesis through mesenchymal
cells located at the tip of the ureteric bud, that contribute in the formation of
glomerulus and Renal tubules. The stages of glomerulus formation in the embryo of albino
mice at the age of 14 to 19 days of gestation were studied. It was obtained after the
sacrifice of the expectant mother and the kidneys were excised from the embryos and
fixed using Aqueous Bouin's solution, Microscopic slices with a thickness of 6 microns
were then made in a paraffin method and were photographed by a camera for microscopic
imaging. Histological measurements were performed on them using the program IMAGE J
program and analyzed statistically using the SPSS program.
 Results of the current
study showed the presence of five stages of glomerulus formation, namely, the renal
vesicle, which represents the first stage in the formation of the nephron and
glomerulus. This is followed by the Comma shape stage, S-shaped stage, Capillary loop
stage and finally the Mature glomerulus. This is surrounded by a capsule, known as
Bowman’s capsule being part of the Malpighian or Renal corpuscle. The statistical
analysis showed that there were significant differences between the average diameters of
the glomerular development stages, and that the mature glomerulus was larger in diameter
than the rest of the stages. The study aims to determine the stages of glomerulus
formation and histologically measure its diameter in the embryo of a Mus musculus.
Employment the Laser to Fabricate the Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor
Authors: Alalak Tamara , Y. Hammod Haider
Published: July 2023

The Optical Fiber sensor based on the Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) technology
hasbeen a successful performance sensing and presents high sensitivity. This thesis
investigates theperformance of several structure of SPR sensor in field of refractive
index and chemicalapplications. A structure of Multi-Mode Fiber- Single Mode Fiber-
Multi Mode Fiber (MMFSMF-MMF)
Evaluation of IL-6 and IgE Levels in Iraqi Patients with Chronic Spontaneous
Urticaria (CSU) in Baghdad, Iraq.
Authors: Ahmed Riyam , Abdullah Hussein Talib , Almas Brakhas Suaad
Published: July 2023

A skin condition known as chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), which lacks an
obvious triggering factor, is characterized by recurrent transient wheals, angioedema,
or both for longer than six weeks. the current study was focused to study compared and
diagnosis CSU by using heamatological and immunological parameters as (White blood cell
count, eosinophils (EO), IL-6  and Total-IgE, in Chronic Urticaria patients were
Clinically diagnosed by dermatologists in Specialized Center of Allergy in
Baghdad/Al-Rusafa with age ranged between (11-60), as well as a control group included
40 with age ranged between (11-60). The results of demographic and clinical
characteristics displayed  the rate of female patients was higher than male which
represented by 56.3 and 43.8% respectively. The results showed there was highly
significant differences between the patients and the control in WBC , Total-IgE ,IL-6 
the results showed  EO was higher than control but no significant difference at p ≤
0.05. The eosinophils percentage was high in age 51-60 and 21-30 year while  those with
age 41-50 and 51-60 year had highest, Total-IgE level 211.7 ±38.96 IU/ml, 211.69
±38.71IU/ml respectively  but IL-6 level was highest 26.4 ±1.77 pg/ml in patients with
age group 21-30 year. WBC count in age 41-50 and 51-60 year showed highest count 9.2
±1.34 cell/cm³blood, 9.3±1.21 cell/cm³blood respectively. In same time the values of
parameters were various between patients without treatment and in patients who undergoes
into treatment, Finally The ROC showed the IL-6 and Total-IgE were discriminated as
accurate biomarkers for CSU.
Extend Nearly Pseudo Quasi-2-Absorbing submodules(I)
Authors: Abdullah Omer , Karim Mohammadali Haibat
Published: July 2023

The concept of a 2-Absorbing submodule is considered as an essential feature in
the field of module theory and has many generalizations. This articale discusses the
concept of the Extend Nearly Pseudo Quasi-2-Absorbing submodules and their relationship
to the 2-Absorbing submodule, Quasi-2-Absorbing submodule, Nearly-2-Absorbing submodule,
Pseudo-2-Absorbing submodule, and the rest of the other concepts previously studied. The
relationship between them has been studied, explaining that the opposite is not true and
that under certain conditions the opposite becomes true. This article aims to study this
concept and gives the most important propositions, characterizations, remarks, examples,
lemmas, and observations related to it. In the end, we will present a very important
equivalent of our concept with the rest of the concepts presented previously.
Extension of Cap by Size and Degree in the Space PG(3,11)‎
Authors: Jabbar Sharif Radhi  , Emad Bakr Al-Zangana
Published: July 2023

A cap of size  and degree  in a projective space, (briefly; -cap) is a set of
 points with the property that each line in the space meet it in at most  points. The
aim of this research is to extend the size and degree of complete caps and incomplete
caps, -caps of degree  in the finite projective space of dimension three over the finite
field of order eleven, which already exist and founded by the action of subgroups of the
general linear group over the finite field of order eleven and degree four, to -complete
caps. These caps have been classified by giving the -distribution and -distribution. The
Gap programming has been used to execute the designed algorithms and computations.
Remedy Efficiency through Paclitaxel on Rat (Rattus norvegicus) Brain Injury and
Risk Premium of N- Diethyl nitrosamine (DEN) Injection
Authors: Bashdar Saeed Hamad amin  , Bushra Ahmed Hamdi
Published: July 2023

Abstract The current study deals with the effect of N-Diethylnitrosamine (DEN)
induced traumatic brain injury on male albino rats, as well as the outcome results of
treatment with paclitaxel nanoparticles for a period of 8 weeks with two-week intervals
is the concern of the present study. Mean body weight, as well as brain weight, was
considered as the main parameters whereas a detailed immunohistochemical study on rat
brain sections was performed. Astrocytic biomarkers for the diagnosis of astrocytes by
fibrillary glial acidic protein (GFAP). Neuronal GFAP staining used for various broke
sections were forwarded. Comparison and Contrast of all these parameters in all steps of
the experiment had been discussed. The efficiency of the treatment was found to be
evident. The effect on body weight was significant whereas brain weight results showed
insignificant differences. A longer duration of treatment may well reflect more
significant results.
Morphological Characterization and Conservation Status for the Herbarium Specimens
of Orchidaceae in Kurdistan Iraq
Authors: Abdulrahman Ahmad Saman , M.Salih Rubar , Yaseen Hama Sakar Y. Hama
Published: July 2023

This study was contacted on Orchidaceae, it is a second largest family in
flowering plants, comes after Asteraceae, and approximately has 25,000–30,000 species in
750–800 genera in the world. This study included 10 genera, Anacamptis (five species),
Androrchis (two species), Cephalanthera (one species), Dactylorhiza (three species),
Epipactis (two species), Himantoglossum (two species), Limodorum (one species), Neotinea
(one species), Ophrys (seven species ), and Orchis (four species). The name abbreviation
of authors of plant names follows the International Plant Name Index (IPNI)
(https://www.ipni.org/). Images of type collections of most species were checked on
virtual herbaria (https://herbarium.univie.ac.at/database/search.php) and JSTOR Global
Plants (https://plants.jstor.org/). The taxonomic status, geographical distribution, and
the conservation status for all taxa were provided.
Synthesis a Novel Complexes of VO(II),Mn(II),Fe(II) ,Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II)and
Pt(IV) Derived from Schiff’s Base of Pyridoxal and 2-amino-4-nitrophenol and Study their
Biological Activates
Authors: Ahmed A. Ismail  , M. Lateef Sajid
Published: July 2023

This work describes the synthesis of novel ligand (H2L2)
(4-((2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)imino)methyl)-5(hydroxymethyl)-2methylpyridin-3-ol)  type
(NOO) donor atoms. When it coordinates with metal ions[V2+, Fe2+,Co2+ and Pt4+] with the
general formula K2[M(L2)2].XH2O and K2[VO(L2)(OSO3)].H2O . This ligand can form
tridentate structures. The ligand was synthesized from the reaction of pyridoxal
hydrochloride with 2-amino-4-nitrophenol in ethanol (as a solvent) at a mole ratio of
1:1 and thoroughly mixed and refluxed for 6-8  hrs . The reaction was monitored using
TLC (Ethylactate/hexane 1:1). The structures of the ligand and the complexes were
characterised using spectroscopic techniques such as (FT-IR, 1HNMR, 13CNMR, UV-Vis, and
Mass spectroscopy). In addition, molar conductance, magnetic susceptibility, elemental
analysis, and thermo gravimetric, melting points were also measured for complexes. The
antibacterial activities of the obtained products were tested against G- bacteria
(Klebsiella pneumoniae and pseudomonas), G+ bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus
subtilis). In addition, antifungal action was tested against (Candida albicans). The
results were good in both tests.
Effect of Pistachio Husks Powder Additive on Unsaturated Polyester Composites
Authors: Fadhil Rihab , H. Mahdi Shatha
Published: July 2023

In this study, polyester composites reinforced with pistachio shells powder (P.)
with an averagediameter (150 – 200 μm) with different weight ratios (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%,
and 2.5%) wereprepared to the resin. The Shore D hardness, thermal conductivity (K), and
the glass transitiontemperature (Tg) of the samples were examined. The results showed
that the Shore D hardnessincreases with the increase of the reinforcement ratio and its
maximum value is (87.55) at (2.5%P.) While the value of hardness at (0%) is (86.5). The
thermal conductivity increases slightly withthe increase in the percentage of
reinforcement and its maximum value is (0.213253 W/ m. K) at(2.5% P.), while the value
of K at (0% P.) is (0.170264W/ m. K), but with this slight increase inthermal
conductivity, polyester composites remain from the insulating materials. The minimum(Tg)
of (UPE/ P.) composites was the value (113.898°C) at (2.5% P.). Polyester composites
areused in wood paints, either in primitive finishes or final finishes.
Raw Akamu wastewater as electrolyte for accumulators (Certificate of Registration of Patent:006419)
Authors: Ikunga CA  , Ibegbulem CO  , Chukwudoruo CS  , Iheme CI
Published: July 2023

The quest for eco-friendly electrolytes for lead-acid accumulators has necessitated this research. Raw Akamu wastewater (rAWW), a biowaste effluent, was assessed for its viability as a substitute electrolyte for lead-acid accumulators. Five hundred grams of dent Zea mays L. (yellow maize) was weighed for the preparation of the raw Akamu using the traditional methods. Raw Akamu wastewater (rAWW) got in the process was tested for its pH, microbial and chemical contents. Results indicated that the rAWW had a pH of 1.50 ± 0.00, and contained Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, Bacillus sp. and Lactobacillus sp. The chemical contents include organic acids, alcohols, benzene acetonitrile, uridine, campesterol and D-glucose 2, 3, 4, 5, 6-pentaacetate. To assess its electrolytic potentials, the rAWW was filled into an empty 75 AH lead-acid accumulator with an initial voltage of 11.75 ± 0.05 V. The accumulator was then charged for 12 h thereby significantly (p < 0.05) increasing the voltage to 12.20 ± 0.00 V. Afterwards, the accumulator was used to drive a four-cylinder car (1038 kg wt; the maximum power of 104 bhp-77 kw) for twenty-four months. The pH value of rAWW reduced to 1.00 ± 0.00, only Bacillus sp. was isolated while organic acids, ketones, taxifolin, riboflavine, L-phenylalanine, isosorbide, lacthydrazide, and glucose benzyloxime pentaacetate were detected during usage. In conclusion, raw Akamu wastewater was validated as a viable substitute for the usual sulfuric acid and an eco-friendly electrolyte for lead-acid accumulators.
Role of pharmacist in healthcare system
Authors: Akash A Chavan  , Suraj B Kumbhar  , Vikram R Shinde  , Akshay A Thorat  , Pratik B Jadhav  , Arjun R Jadhav  , Jyoti B Honrao  , Sumayya A Shaikh  , Swati D Raysing  , Vishwas V More  , Dipak D Kumbhar
Published: July 2023

Pharmacists play a crucial role in the healthcare system by ensuring that patients receive safe and effective medications. They are responsible for dispensing medication, advising patients on drug interactions and side effects, monitoring medication therapies, and collaborating with other healthcare professionals to optimize patient outcomes additionally, pharmacists provide patient education on disease management, medication compliance, and lifestyle modifications. They also serve as drug information experts, conducting drug utilization reviews and providing guidance on appropriate medication selection and dosing. The role of pharmacists is becoming increasingly important as healthcare systems strive to improve patient safety, reduce medication errors, and control healthcare costs. As medication experts, pharmacists are well-positioned to help address these challenges and improve the overall quality of care provided to patients. As a summary we can say that “Physician gives medicine to the patients but life to medicine given by pharmacist”
Fabrication of wire drawing machine
Authors: Nihal Kumar Dasoju  , Sai Sampath Chary Rameshwaram  , Prashanth Gante  , Ranadeer Nallapu  , Sandeep Nelakurthi  , Mahesh Kodisela  , Gowlikar Vamshi Raj
Published: July 2023

Wire drawing is a metal working process used to reduce the cross-section of a wire by pulling the wire through a single, or series of, drawing dies. There are many applications for wire drawing, including electrical wiring, cables, tension loaded structural components, springs, paper clips, spokes for wheels, and stringed musical instruments. Although similar in process, drawing is different from extrusion, because in drawing the wire is pulled, rather than pushed, through the die. Drawing is usually performed at room temperature, thus classified as a cold working process, but it may be performed at elevated temperatures for large wires to reduce forces. The main objective of this project is to Fabrication of Wire Drawing Machine for reducing the silver and gold wire diameter.
Optimal solar panel tilt angle calculation and simulation in Indonesia: A Liu and Jordan sky isotropic model-based approach
Authors: Fitri Dwi Kartikasari  , Elieser Tarigan  , Fenny Irawati  , Maya Hilda Lestari Louk  , Susana Limanto  , Endah Asmawati
Published: July 2023

The efficient utilization of solar energy is crucial for meeting the growing energy demands while reducing greenhouse gas emissions and dependence on fossil fuels. Solar panel tilt angle optimization plays a vital role in maximizing the energy output of photovoltaic (PV) systems. Determining the optimal tilt angle is essential as it directly affects the amount of sunlight captured by the solar panels. In the context of Indonesia, a country rich in solar resources and a rapidly expanding renewable energy sector, understanding the optimal tilt angle for solar panels is of paramount importance. This paper studies the optimal solar panel tilt angle calculation using Liu and Jordan Sky isotropic model-based approach. The numerical simulations were carried out for several main city locations of Indonesia. The objectives of the work are to address the suitable and optimal tilt angle of solar panels by proposing an approach based on the Liu and Jordan Sky Isotropic Model. The calculation result shows that the boundary for the tilted angle empirically satisfies all the mathematical domain of the inverse trigonometric functions. While, the optimal tilted angles will be differed for any location.
Bacterial contamination of water sources for domestic use in JOS and environs
Authors: Delmwa Florence Jurbe  , Emmanuel Isa Bigwan  , Grace Mebi Ayanbimpe  , Victoria Kaneng Davou  , Nanna Luka Abashi  , Helen Hoomsuk Raplong  , Emmanuel John Fyaktu
Published: July 2023

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to assess and examine water bodies in Jos, Plateau State for bacterial contamination. Methods: A total of ninety four (90) water samples were collected aseptically from different sources (stream, well, borehole, tap, dam, storage tanks and water vendors) from different locations and investigated for their bacterial contaminants using the Most Probable Number Technique (MPN). Structured questionnaires were used to obtain information on the location, depth, sanitary condition and closeness of the water sources to septic tanks. The bacterial isolates present in the water samples were identified based on their morphology and biochemical characteristics. Total bacterial count was determined using the pour plate technique and total coliform count was by the Most Probable Number (MPN) method. Results: From the T-Test result of the mean coliform count of all the seven different water sources investigated, storage tanks (ST) were found to be the least contaminated followed by Tap water (TW) while stream (STR) water had the highest rate of contamination with MPN index of 300/100 ml. However, borehole water 6 (BW6) was the least contaminated among all the samples collected with MPN index of 7/10 ml. The MPN index range from 7/100 ml to 300/100 ml in BH6 and STR7 respectively while the Total viable count ranged from 1.0 × 102 to 3.3 × 103. A total of seven different isolates were characterized and identified as Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus mirabilis. The results obtained were analysed using SPSS Version 21. Conclusion: This study reveals that all the different water samples collected and investigated were contaminated with bacteria.
Computational responses of young adult about sexual transmitted diseases in Federal Polytechnic, Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria
Authors: Lucy Bulus Dalhatu  , Gregory Maksha Wajiga  , Yusuf Musa Malgwi
Published: July 2023

Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) described a condition passed from one person to another through sexual contact. Depending on the specific STDs, infections may also be transmitted through sharing needles and breastfeeding example HIV. The best treatment for STDs will always be prevention. Among the new infections that occur each year, over half occur among young people (15-24 years old) meaning, more at risk for STDs than older adults. STDs create great social problems in the community among which is death toll raising especially the working population (Kimberly, & Gail, 2015). The questionnaire that was given to respondents served as the research instrument. From the result in Table 1, the study revealed that 42% fall within the age limit of 15-24, while 33% fall within age limit of 20-24, and 25% aged above 25. In table 2, 30% of the populations are men, while 70% are female. Majority of the students that filled the forms are females which support vulnerability of females to STDs. Figure 2, shows that young teenagers know about the STDs through friends mostly. 45% of them know dangers about STDs while 55 don’t know which shows that the students’ practices unprotected sex because they do not know the negative effects of STDs. A very good number of the students can identify STDs client. The study concluded that adolescents in Federal Polytechnic, Mubi are mostly aware of sexually transmitted diseases(STDs) but have deficiencies in having correct knowledge about these diseases, their basic symptoms, and modes of transmission. From the chi-square distribution table, we reject the null hypothesis (11.070), and accept the alternative hypothesis(635), hence conclude that most students are somehow ignorance of STDs danger especially Syphilis and gonorrhea in Federal Polytechnic, Mubi. Finally there shall be wider publicity to enrich the campaigns about STDs in Nigeria and world at large.
Conservation-based mangrove forest management strategy in wosi Manokwari west Papua Indonesia
Authors: Elia Ramandey  , Andoyo Supriyantono  , Rully N Wurarah  , Aser Rouw
Published: July 2023

Degradation of mangrove forests in the Wosi region has negative consequences, including the loss of mangrove forest land and the disruption of marine biota and natural resources in the Doreri Bay region of Manokwari, West Papua. Sustainable tourism that does not harm the environment and ensures a reasonable standard of living for the local people can only be achieved if Mangrove Forest Areas are developed with an ecologically responsible philosophy. The researchers in this study set out to learn more about community involvement in mangrove area management programs and to develop a strategy for the care of tourist attraction artifacts in the mangrove area of Wosi, Manokwari district. Observational methods and case studies formed the basis of the investigation. The goal of this method of observation is to use a quantitatively descriptive approach to examine the interplay between economic, social, and population policies and environmental factors like the Wosi Mangrove Forest. Experts provide their insights on how Indonesia's Ministry of Environment and Forestry (KLHK) has implemented its protected forest rules. But this is not the case for the people who make their homes in the Wosi Mangrove Forest. Both the data on sustainable mangrove forest management policies and the policies themselves were subjected to a SWOT analysis. The SWOT analysis confirmed the importance of community participation in mangrove forest management for the promotion of educational tourism. Karang Taruna Caring for Waste Manokwari is in charge of organizing this educational tour. The Wosi mangrove forest region is hoped to benefit from this method.
Efficacy of breastfeeding in Dentomaxillofacial development: Narrative review of the literature
Authors: Carolina Michelle Azanza Santacruz  , Johanna Estefanía Freire Narváez  , Víctor Rubén Lema Mosquera  , Mireya Catalina León Abad  , Yuliana Del Cisne Luzuriaga Torres  , Paola Melina Montero Pasato  , María Yolanda Yunga Picón
Published: July 2023

Breastfeeding significantly influences dentomaxillofacial development and growth, especially during the first 6 months of life (1). It also prevents dental malocclusions, crowding, mandibular retrognathism, open bite, dental protrusion and improves the development of facial muscles (2). The objective of this study was to carry out a review of published articles that established the efficacy of breastfeeding in dentomaxillofacial development. Method: A critical review of the literature was carried out through a search in the databases: Scopus, Scielo and PubMed. Through a series of inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 12 articles were reviewed. Results: Although it is a matter of debate, it is determined that this act really helps in the development and dentomaxillofacial growth, it also acts as a preventive measure for the evolution of different anomalies. Conclusion: Breastfeeding is an effective method that favors the growth and development of craniofacial structures, stimulates muscle action through mechanical work, contributing to the correct positioning of the mandible and the transverse increase of the jaws for an adequate development of dental occlusion.
Determining Fair Use and the Role of Transformative Use Test: On the Rulings in Wofsy v. De Fontbrune
Authors:   Korea Copyright Commission, Park Junu
Published: July 2023

Recently, as the size of the cultural industry has grown and cultural and informational products that utilize copyrighted materials have increased, there have been notable fair use rulings by t he U.S. S upreme C ourt ( such a s G oogle v . Oracle and Andy Warhol v. Goldsmith). Korea Supreme Court upheld an appellate court ruling that the use of nude photographs in satire posters was not fair use. Courts need to show both ① consistency in the application of fair use doctrine in past and recent rulings on new types of cases, and ② that all rulings are consistent with the purpose of copyright law. However, the diversity of types of copyrighted works and uses, and the nature of fair use as a general provision, make this difficult.
In 2022, the Ninth Circuit ruled in the ‘Zervos Catalog Case’ that the use of copyrighted photographs was not fair use, and the Supreme Court denied certiorari. In this case, both plaintiff and defendant published catalogs of Pablo Picasso’s works, and the defendant had used some of the plaintiff’s copyrighted photographs.
There were virtually no major issues, considering that the catalogs of the plaintiff and defendant were in direct competition and that the defendant had dead-copied the plaintiff’s work (photographs). However, the trial court’s decision, the appellate court’s decision, and the grounds in the petition for certiorari all show common problems in determining fair use. Therefore, this case is very useful to exemplify errors and issues in fair use applications.
This article first introduces the ‘Zervos Catalog Case’ (II), compares and analyzes the rulings and grounds for certiorari petition (III), and examines the relationship between the first factor of fair use and other factors. Then, it argues ① that fair use is a tool for balancing the freedom of expression of both creator and the user (secondary creator or information producer), and for allocating the costs of creation between them, along with creativity (idea-expression dichotomy) and substantial similarity, ② that the Supreme Court in ‘Warhol Case’ showed the potential to address issues of balancing freedom of expression and of allocation of creation costs in relation to appropriation art, ③ that the second factor might be deleted from the fair use provision, due to the lack of its independent significance, and ④ that the fair use factors should be considered together, not separately, and a final conclusion should be reached in the light of the purposes of copyright law, which should be explicitly stated in Copyright Act (IV).
Need Analysis of English Tourism: The Evidence from The Employees of Tourism Industry
Authors: Ijabah Nur , Amrullah Qadrina Lailyn
Published: July 2023

The tourism sector now is seen as a promising sector to increase the nation's foreign exchange revenues. Therefore, a strategic effort such as providing special English language training for tourism employees in order to attract more tourists is needed. However, to produce a research program that can have a major impact on the participants, a needs analysis related to the desired outcomes has to be employed. This study aimed at finding and describing the needs of tourism employees for English language skills. Identification of difficulties during the interaction process in the field is also the focus of research so that it can be used as input in designing training programs. This research is quantitative research with survey research methods. A questionnaire with open and close-ended questions was given to 22 tourism employees at and around Gili Labak Island. The data were analyzed with mathematical computation to obtain the frequency, percentage, and mean scores. The results showed that the most important skills to be mastered by the tourism employee was listening skill (m= 4,5), followed by speaking (m=4,4), writing (m=4,1), and reading (m=3,9) respectively. In terms of problems faced by the tourism employee, they revealed that speaking skill was the most skill that experienced frequent errors during the interaction, then followed by listening, reading, and writing.
An Experimental Study on The Impact of Digital Multilingual Thematic Dictionary for The Sixth Grade Students’ Literacy Skill
Authors: Ayu Swati Pramitha Yuliandari Ketut , Ratminingsih Ni Made , Budasi I Gede
Published: July 2023

This research aims to present justification for whether or not there is any significant impact of using a digital multilingual thematic dictionary on sixth-grade students’ literacy skills using quasi-experimental research with a pre-test and post-test only control group design. The researcher determined the research sample using statistical matching scores proposed by Fraenkel et al. (2012). The statistical matching scores were administered in determining the two intact groups. Two intact groups which had similar scores and were statistically proven to have insignificant differences in abilities were selected as the research sample, namely; (1) SD N 1 Kubutambahan was the control group, and (2) SD N 3 Banjar Jawa was the experimental group. The instruments used in this research were literacy skill tests which contain pre-test and post-test questions, and teaching scenarios for the control and experimental group. The pre-test was given before treatment and the post-test was given after treatment. Both groups received three times of treatments with three materials namely home activities, animals, and public places. The obtained data were analyzed quantitatively with descriptive statistical, inferential statistical, and N-Gain score test analysis. Based on the results of the calculation of the N-Gain Score test and the descriptive analysis, the mean score of the N-Gain for the experimental group was 73.3759%, while the mean score of the N-Gain for the control group was 48.0249%. The results of the N-Gain score test show that the use of the digital multilingual thematic dictionary in the experimental group was moderately effective, while the use of the printed thematic picture dictionary in the control group was less effective. Thus, it can be concluded that the digital multilingual thematic dictionary performs better than a printed thematic picture dictionary on sixth-grade students’ literacy skills.
The Effect of TPS vs NHT Teaching Methods on Math Learning Outcomes and Motivation
Authors: Wahjuningsih Budi , Fatirul Achmad Noor , Walujo Djoko Adi
Published: July 2023

This quasi-experimental study investigated the impact of the Think-Pair-Share (TPS) and Numbered Heads Together (NHT) teaching methods on mathematics learning outcomes and student motivation at SMKN 2 Kota Madiun and SMKN 5 Kota Madiun. The results showed that the experimental groups taught using the TPS method achieved significantly higher mathematics learning outcomes compared to the control groups taught using the NHT method (F = 18.522, p < 0.001). Additionally, students with high learning motivation demonstrated better academic performance than those with low motivation (F = 100.93, p < 0.001). An interaction effect was observed between the teaching method and learning motivation, indicating that the combination of teaching method and motivation significantly influenced mathematics learning outcomes (F = 4.294, p = 0.040). These findings highlight the effectiveness of the TPS method in improving mathematics learning outcomes and emphasize the importance of considering student motivation in instructional design. Further research is needed to explore the long-term effects of these teaching methods in different educational contexts and student populations, providing valuable insights into enhancing mathematics education.
Teleophthalmology: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Mousavi Atefeh Sadat , Mousavi Baigi Seyyedeh Fatemeh , Dahmardeh Fatemeh , Raei Mehneh Marziyeh , Darrudi Reza
Published: July 2023

Introduction: The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the impact of tele-ophthalmology on screening, monitoring and treatment adherence in eye diseases.Material and Methods: A systematic review of controlled and randomized clinical trial studies without time limit was explored by searching keywords in the title, abstract and keywords of the studies in the reliable scientific databases Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed on April 20, 2022. A gray literature search was also conducted using the Google search engine to identify the most recent possible evidence. The quality of the studies was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist; that the studies with a score above 7 were included in the analysis.Results: A total of 40 articles were identified after removing duplicates. After screening the full text of the articles, 5 studies met the inclusion criteria. In four of the studies, tele-ophthalmology was used for tele-screening and tele-monitoring using tele-imaging approaches, live video conferencing, and websites. Also, in one case, telemedicine reminder studies were used to improve treatment adherence. In the majority of studies, tele-ophthalmology was at least as effective as in-person visit services in screening, monitoring, and adherence to treatment.Conclusion: The results of our systematic review showed that a well-designed tele-ophthalmology program with high-quality cameras and equipment and the use of multiple technologies has the potential to replace or complement in-person visits to an ophthalmologist.
An Assessment of m-Health Effect on Covid-19 Management Using PLS Modeling Approach
Authors: Erfannia Leila , Yazdani Azita , Karimi Afsaneh
Published: July 2023

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to investigate the different roles of m-Health in pandemic management using the Partial Least Square (PLS) modeling technique. Owing to the limited existing literature regarding theorizing and the lack of the default model in predicting the role of m-Health in pandemic management, this method was used for exploratory modeling.Material and Methods: The PLS model was performed with smart-PLS software for the following steps: estimating weight ratios, considering weight ratios as input, estimating parameters, model-fitting and testing hypotheses. In addition, Factor scores in regression equations were used to estimate structural parameters. PLS algorithm, Cronbach's alpha, and Composite Reliability were used for the measurement and reliability evaluation model Goodness-of-fit. In addition, the R2 index was used to evaluate the model adequacy. Bootstrapping was used for significant coefficients. The Goodness-of-fit of the model was examined via the Standardized Root Mean Square Residual (SRMR) criterion.Results: It is determined the measurement models goodness-of-fit which the alpha values were as follows: diagnosis construct=0.786, follow-up=0.772, treatment=0.796, health care providers=0.704 and education=0.839 with more than 0.7 for all measures for Composite Reliability, the structural model measures such as R2 were higher than 0.6 for all areas and the overall model goodness-of-fit was -0.007 for SRMR, the five hypotheses developed in the model were confirmed according standardized coefficients more than 1.96 for all paths. Furthermore, the proposed model concerning the positive and significant role of m-Health in diagnosis, treatment and follow-up, education and health providers during the pandemic era was approved.Conclusion: The results of the present study can be used as a theoretical basis in developing models related to the role of m-Health in pandemic management. Also, health policymakers and practitioners could use the results to manage current and post-coronary conditions and to promote services based on various m-Health apps.
Learning from Previous Epidemics; Overcoming COVID-19 Using E-Health
Authors: Montazeri Mahdieh , Galavi Zahra , Ahmadian Leila
Published: July 2023

Considering the worldwide spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is critical to use electronic health (e-health) to prevent, diagnose, and treat this disease. According to reports on the use of e-health technology in past and present crises, this technology can have the potential to improve the quality and the quantity of provided services and control and manage diseases in epidemic conditions. The important issue is how to implement this technology fairly and facilitate the use of this technology by health care providers and the general public. Moreover, the concerns about the physician-patient relationship, patient privacy and health costs should be addressed. Therefore, it is necessary for health policymakers and planners to develop laws and guidelines to address legal and ethical barriers to the use of this technology, focusing on vulnerable populations, to manage the crisis and also determine the role of insurers in this area.
Design and Usability Evaluation of Nutritional Counseling Web App (Virtual Clinic) for Pregnant Women
Authors: Dahri Monireh , Zarei Shargh Parisa , Sahebzamani Atiyeh , Ghasemi Reyhaneh , Jahangir Mostafa , Moghbeli Fateme
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Nutrition counseling web apps have the ability to improve the quality of health care. The purpose of this study is to design and evaluate the usability of a nutrition counseling web app (virtual clinic) for pregnant women.Material and Methods: It was a descriptive-cross-sectional applied study that first designed and then examined the nutritional counseling web app (virtual clinic) for pregnant women using the heuristic evaluation method. The data was collected with a standard form designed based on the heuristic method. Data analysis was done with SPSS version 26.Results: The number of known individual problems was 34. The highest number of problems was related to the flexibility and efficiency component and the lowest number was related to the component of helping users in diagnosing, identifying and correcting errors. In the end, all the problems identified in the web app were solved and it was given to the evaluators again, and in the end, a score of zero was assigned to all the components, meaning no problem.Conclusion: Compliance with existing standards and rules in the design of web app user interfaces, such as the heuristics mentioned in this study, can reduce problems.
Cloud-Based Internet of Things in Healthcare Applications: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Gholamhosseini Leila , Behmanesh Ali , Nasiri Somayeh , Ehsanzadeh Seyed Jafar , Sadoughi Farahnaz
Published: July 2023

Introduction: The Internet of Things (IoT) and Cloud computing are two recent technological advances whose potential have not been realized in a range of industries. These technologies have been used in healthcare systems to improve their performance. In this regard, the IoT generates a large amount of data; also, cloud computing is a viable option for data storage and complex computing. The purpose of this study is to identify and categorize various aspects of CIoT-based healthcare in terms of main application domains, sensors, wireless communication technologies, messaging protocols, cloud platforms, and artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms.Material and Methods: We conducted a literature systematic review and reported according to the PRISMA guideline. PubMed, IEEE, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched using the related keywords and their synonyms. Two independent authors reviewed the papers' eligibility according to the defined inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: Of the 2,118 papers retrieved, 61 were eventually selected in the study.  Results of the present study revealed that the majority of CIoT research works were applied to patient monitoring systems and cardiovascular patient monitoring systems using Amazon and IBM dominating Cloud platforms. In addition, the most widely used communication technologies for CIoT in healthcare are cellular networks (3G and 4G), Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth. Cardiovascular, environmental, and position sensors are also the most common types of sensors used in healthcare CIoT applications. Among the Cloud platform providers, Amazon and IBM have the highest utility in healthcare systems. The majority of the included studies used Cloud-based AI algorithms to diagnose, classify, and predict diseases.Conclusion: The integration of the Cloud into the IoT can support healthcare systems in terms of processing power, storage capacity, security, privacy, performance, reliability, and scalability. We suggest researchers conduct experimental studies to evaluate the effectiveness of the CIoT approach in healthcare applications.
DUALISME IDEOLOGI DALAM IDENTITAS SPIRITUAL KOMUNITAS BHUJANGGA DI BALI
Authors: Wisnu I Wayan Gede
Published: July 2023

This paper presents a critical study of ideological aspects of identity in the spirituality of society as reflected through phenomena in the realm of the Bhujangga community in Bali. In this case, the spiritual identity of the community identifies a dualism related to the legitimacy of the Vaishnava ideology through the formal institutional authority of kinship, which tends to be contradictory to the inheritance of a number of Siwaistic markers such as being verified and affiliated with the Bhujangga ideology. In line with this phenomenon, this study focuses on a discussion of constructivity and correlativity related to ideological dualism in the spiritual identity of the Bhujangga community. This study was conducted through descriptive and interpretive methods based on a number of concepts from the semiotic theory of cultural interpretation by Geertz and critical discourse theory by Foucault. The results of this study indicate that the constructivity of ideological dualism in the spiritual identity of the Bhujangga community is related to (1) cognitive identity and (2) collective identity. Meanwhile, the correlativity of ideological dualism in the spiritual identity of the Bhujangga community is related to (1) the domination of the Vaishnava ideology and (2) the degradation of the Bhujangga ideology.Keyword: Vaishnava ideology, Bhujangga ideology, Bhujangga community
UJI TOKSISITAS AKUT EKSTRAK SELEDRI (Apium graveolens L.) TERHADAP HISTOPATOLOGI HEPAR TIKUS (Sprague dawley)
Authors: Putri Edwina Yunanda
Published: July 2023

This study aims to determine acute toxicity effect of celery to histophatology liver of Sprague dawley rat with oral method. Inflammation, degeneration, necrosis and hemorrhage is observed parameters. Maseration is method to extraction with ethanol 70%. Type of this research is Experimental method was conducted by complete random design. The sampel consisted of 24 rats consisting of 4 group namely P0 is control group, P1 treatment with dose 50 mg/kg BB, P2 treatment with dose 500 mg/Kg BB and P3 treatment with dose 5000 mg/kg BB. Treatment given for 14 days. Hepar sample collected by necropsy of all rats method in last day. The sample were processed for tissue processing by Hematoxyllin-eosin method and histopatology examination by using 10x magnificence under the microscope. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-wallis then Mann Whitney test. The results of the analysis showed p≤0,05 in inflammation, degeneration and necrosis parameters. The conclusion of this study is celery extract give influence to histophatology liver was treatment with 500 mg/kg BB in group P2 and dose 5000 mg/kg BB in group 2.
LAPORAN KASUS TETANUS PADA KAMBING PERANAKAN ETAWA DI DESA PENJALINAN, TULUNGAGUNG
Authors: Jannah Aeliyyah Nur
Published: July 2023

A - 7 month old female etawa belongs to Mr. Joko It shows that has problems of difficulties of opening it's mouth and soundless for three days.  The physical check is carried out through palpalis from goat's nails, legs, and in the mouth area. The result of physical checks found that the goat could not open it's mouth and got pain while touching it. In the mouth area has scars. It indicates that the goat has spesial tetanus., this indicates that the goat was diagnosed with tetanus, where the characteristic symptom seen is jaw lock—providing supportive therapy such as Xylazine as a muscle relaxant, penicillin antibiotics, and vitamin B complex. Curative treatment such as antitoxin is still scarce in livestock, especially in goat farms in Indonesia.
Urolithiasis pada Kucing Snow di K and P Clinic Surabaya
Authors: Ningsih Awalul Fitria
Published: July 2023

Urolithiasis is a disorder in the form of crystals or stones in the urinary tract such as the urinary bladder that occurs in both male and female animals. The condition of the formation of calculi due to supersaturation in urine consisting of one or several types of minerals. A case of urolithiasis in a Persian cat named Snow, female, 40 months old, 3.76 Kg, solid white hair color, came to the K and P Clinic and a physical examination was performed by palpation of the bladder which was filled with urine but not distended. Complete blood count (CBC) examination using blood samples showed leukocytosis, lymphocytosis, monocytosis, and thrombocytosis. The results of blood chemistry tests using blood serum samples showed hypoglycemic conditions and an increase in blood urea nitrogen (BUN) values. Calcium phosphate crystals are found on microscopic examination of the urine. Urinalysis test showed abnormal values ​​for ascorbic acid, microalbumin, protein, calcium, leukocytes, creatinine, blood, and protein to creatinine ratio. The formation of calculi looks like a hyperechoic mass and the presence of an acoustic shadow can be seen on ultrasonography (USG) examination of the urinary bladder. The handler given is cystotomy surgery.

Keywords:  Urolithiasis, calcium phosphate, ultrasound.
EFEKTIFITAS PEMBE RIAN TEPUNG DAUN KELOR ( Moringa oleifera lam ) TERHADAP KADAR LDL DAN HDL PADA TIKUS PUTIH ( Rattus norvegicus ) YANG DIBERI PAKAN HIPERKOLESTROL
Authors: Sigit Miarsono
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tepung daun kelor ( Moringa oleifera lam ) terhadap kadar HDL dan LDL tikus putih ( Rattus norvegicus ) yang diberi pakan hiperkolestrol. Hewan percobaan yang digunakan adalah tikus putih jantan sejumlah 24 ekor. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan desain penelitian Randomized Pre Test dan Post Test Control Group Design yang Dibuat telah Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang menggunakan Rancangan hiperkolesterolemia dengan 4 perlakuan dan 6 ulangan. Keempat perlakuan tersebut adalah K- ( Pakan standar ) , K+ (Pakan hiperkolestrol ) , P1 ( Pakan hiperkolestrol dengan terapi tepung daun kelor 0,4g/100gBB), dan P2 ( Pakan hiperkolestrol dengan terapi tepung daun kelor 0,8g/100gBB ). Pakan Hiperkolestrol yang diberikan selama 2 minggu terdiri dari 10% lemak kambing, 5% Kuning telur puyuh serta campuran 85% pakan standar yang telah di hancurkan. Pemberian tepung daun kelor selama 2 minggu diberikan setiap hari melalui pembuatan pakan dengan campuran dosis setiap perlakuan terapi. Pemeriksaan HDL dan LDL dilakukan setelah masa pemberian pakan hiperkolestrol dan setelah pemberian terapi tepung daun kelor. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat  diketahui bahwa nilai HDL P1 (29.33 menjadi 48.50) dan P2 (52.16 menjadi 43.33), untuk Nilai LDL P1 (23.22 menjadi 11.50) dan P2 (24.66 menjadi 20.16).

 Data dianalisis menggunakan One-way ANOVA, didapat bahwa kelompok P1 (P = 0,001) dan P2 (P = 0,000) dapat disimpulakn bahwa pemberian tepung daun kelor berpengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan  kadar HDL dan penurunan kadar  LDL.