bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A polymorphism in ABCC4 is related to efficacy of 5-FU/capecitabine-based chemotherapy in colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Chen Qi , Meng Fanyi , Wang Lei , Mao Yong , Zhou Huan , Hua Dong , Zhang Hongjian , Wang Weipeng
Published: July 2017

To investigate the association of microRNA (miRNA) binding-site polymorphisms in the drug transporter genes with the efficacy of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU)/capecitabine-based chemotherapy in colorectal cancer (CRC), 6 polymorphisms were determined in 432 CRC patients by using DNA sequencing method. The impacts of the polymorphisms on the miRNA-mediated regulation of gene expression were evaluated by using the methods including quantitative real-time PCR, western blotting, and luciferase reporter assays. The effects of miRNA on the intracellular concentration and cytotoxicity of 5-FU in CRC cells were measured by high performance liquid chromatography conjected tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) and MTT methods, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that a polymorphism rs3742106 in the 3′-UTR of ATP-binding cassette subfamily C member 4 (ABCC4) gene was significantly associated with the efficacy of 5-FU/capecitabine-based chemotherapy in CRC. The patients with T/T genotype had significantly higher response rate than those with G/G and G/T genotypes. The expression of ABCC4 was inhibited by miR-3190-5p through binding to the 3′-UTR of the ABCC4 gene. This regulatory role of miR-3190-5p was disrupted by rs3742106. Furthermore, we found that the intracellular concentration of 5-FU was elevated by miR-3190-5p, and consequently the sensitivity of CRC cells to 5-FU was also enhanced. Rs3742106 might be regarded as a genetic biomarker for individualized use of 5-FU and capecitabine in CRC.
Spontaneous breaking of time-reversal symmetry in topological superconductors
Authors: Karnaukhov Igor N.
Published: July 2017

We study the behavior of spinless fermions in superconducting state, in which the phases of the superconducting order parameter depend on the direction of the link. We find that the energy of the superconductor depends on the phase differences of the superconducting order parameter. The solutions for the phases corresponding to the energy minimuma, lead to a topological superconducting state with the nontrivial Chern numbers. We focus our quantitative analysis on the properties of topological states of superconductors with different crystalline symmetry and show that the phase transition in the topological superconducting state is result of spontaneous breaking of time-reversal symmetry in the superconducting state. The peculiarities in the chiral gapless edge modes behavior are studied, the Chern numbers are calculated.
Understanding the responses of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast strain during dehydration processes using synchrotron infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Nguyen T. D. , Guyot S. , Pénicaud C. , Passot S. , Sandt C. , Fonseca F. , Saurel R. , Husson F.
Published: July 2017

For the first time, synchrotron infrared spectroscopy was performed on yeast during dehydration processes in real time with simultaneously controlled relative humidity and temperature.
Spatially offset Raman spectroscopy for photon migration studies in bones with different mineralization levels
Authors: Sowoidnich Kay , Churchwell John H. , Buckley Kevin , Goodship Allen E. , Parker Anthony W. , Matousek Pavel
Published: July 2017

This study provides a deeper understanding of bone's optical properties which is essential to the development of SORS-based diagnostic tools.
Nanomaterial-based biosensors for measurement of lipids and lipoproteins towards point-of-care of cardiovascular disease
Authors: Lu Siming , Yu Tao , Wang Yimin , Liang Liguo , Chen Yu , Xu Feng , Wang ShuQi
Published: July 2017

Various rapid, simple and portable nanomaterial-based biosensors have been developed to measure the level of lipids (TG and TC) and lipoproteins (LDL and HDL) in blood towards monitoring cardiovascular diseases (CVD) at the point-of-care (POC).
Moisture resistant and biofriendly CD-MOF nanoparticles obtained via cholesterol shielding
Authors: Singh Vikramjeet , Guo Tao , Xu Haitong , Wu Li , Gu Jingkai , Wu Chuanbin , Gref Ruxandra , Zhang Jiwen
Published: July 2017

A facile and one step-method was developed to enhance the water stability of CD-MOF nanoparticles through surface modification with cholesterol.
Structural stability of the photo-responsive DNA duplexes containing one azobenzene via a confined pore
Authors: Meng Fu-Na , Li Zi-Yuan , Ying Yi-Lun , Liu Shao-Chuang , Zhang Junji , Long Yi-Tao
Published: July 2017

Herein, the structural stability of single azobenzene modified DNA duplexes, including the trans form and cis form, has been examined separately based on their distinguishable unzipping kinetics from the mixture by an α-hemolysin nanopore.
One-pot preparation of polymer microspheres having wrinkled hard surfaces through self-assembly of silica nanoparticles
Authors: Hano Nanami , Takafuji Makoto , Ihara Hirotaka
Published: July 2017

Polymer microspheres with wrinkled hard surfaces composed of self-assembled silica nanoparticles were prepared via suspension polymerization.
Utilizing an iron(iii)-chelation masking strategy to prepare mono- and bis-functionalized aerobactin analogues for targeting pathogenic bacteria
Authors: Ho Yu-Hin , Ho Sheng-Yang , Hsu Cheng-Chih , Shie Jiun-Jie , Wang Tsung-Shing Andrew
Published: July 2017

We present a facile functionalization of native siderophoresviaan Fe(iii)-chelation masking strategy to prepare fluorophore conjugates for targeting pathogenic bacteria.
A one-pot tandem chemoselective allylation/cross-coupling via temperature control of a multi-nucleophile/electrophile system
Authors: Xu Chao , Fyfe James W. B. , Seath Ciaran P. , Bennett Steven H. , Watson Allan J. B.
Published: July 2017

Chemoselective control of a multi-reactive system allows two sequential C–C bond formations via two distinct reactivity modes, accessing pharmaceutical and natural product scaffolds.
Single-component small-molecule white light organic phosphors
Authors: Zhang Ning-Ning , Sun Cai , Jiang Xiao-Ming , Xing Xiu-Shuang , Yan Yong , Cai Li-Zhen , Wang Ming-Sheng , Guo Guo-Cong
Published: July 2017

A family of two small and easily synthesizable 1,2,3-triazole molecules with intrinsic white-light-emission in the solid state has been reported. The white light is assigned to the supramolecular aggregate emission (SAE) that is unusual for single-component white light phosphors.
Super-long ZnO nanofibers and novel nucleation mechanism for a gas-phase environment: spatial linear nucleation
Authors: Yang Xiaopeng , Liu Feng , Duan Guangbin , Cao Bingqiang , Zhang Liqiang
Published: July 2017

Single-crystal super-long ZnO nanofibers (SZFs) have been prepared based on a newly proposed spatial linear nucleation (SLN) mechanism.
Scalable continuous flow synthesis of ZnO nanorod arrays in 3-D ceramic honeycomb substrates for low-temperature desulfurization
Authors: Wang Sibo , Wu Yunchao , Miao Ran , Zhang Mingwan , Lu Xingxu , Zhang Bo , Kinstler Alexander , Ren Zhuyin , Guo Yanbing , Lu Tianfeng , Suib Steven L. , Gao Pu-Xian
Published: July 2017

Hydrothermal based continuous flow synthesis demonstrates a highly efficient strategy of integrating nanostructure arrays onto 3-D channeled honeycomb substrates.
Initiation of wetting, filmwise condensation and condensate drainage from a surface in a gravity field
Authors: Yaghoubian Sima , Ward C. A.
Published: July 2017

The amount of heptane vapour adsorbed on a vertical silicon substrate subjected to the gravitational field.
Comparison of the catalytic activity for O2reduction of Fe and Co MN4 adsorbed on graphite electrodes and on carbon nanotubes
Authors: Venegas Ricardo , Recio Francisco J. , Zuñiga Cesar , Viera Marco , Oyarzún María-Paz , Silva Nataly , Neira Karinna , Marco José F. , Zagal José H. , Tasca Federico
Published: July 2017

Metal phthalocyanines adsorbed on CNTs deliver much higher electrocatalytic currents for the ORR because of the high concentration of catalyst.
Periodic density functional theory analysis of direct methane conversion into ethylene and aromatic hydrocarbons catalyzed by Mo4C2/ZSM-5
Authors: Yin Feng , Li Meng-Ru , Wang Gui-Chang
Published: July 2017

Mo/ZSM-5-catalyzed methane conversion into aromatic hydrocarbons is an important reaction to produce ethylene and benzene, but the detailed reaction mechanism has not been investigated due to its high complexity.
The structure of liquid alkali nitrates and nitrites
Authors: Wilding Martin C. , Wilson Mark , Ribeiro Mauro C. C. , Benmore Chris J. , Weber J. K. R. , Alderman O. L. G. , Tamalonis Anthony , Parise J. B.
Published: July 2017

State of the art high energy X-ray diffraction experiments and simulation models (employing a description of charge transfer) are applied to pure molten alkali nitrates and nitrites and uncover significant emerging structure.
Atomistic study of the alloying behavior of crystalline SnSe1−xSx
Authors: Ly Trinh Thi , Duvjir Ganbat , Min Taewon , Byun Jinho , Kim Taehoon , Saad Mahmoud M. , Hai Nguyen Thi Minh , Cho Sunglae , Lee Jaekwang , Kim Jungdae
Published: July 2017

The alloying behavior of crystalline SnSe1−xSx was investigated at the atomic level by combining STM experiments and DFT calculations.
Ionic liquids for metal extraction from chalcopyrite: solid, liquid and gas phase studies
Authors: Kuzmina O. , Symianakis E. , Godfrey D. , Albrecht T. , Welton T.
Published: July 2017

Non-oxidative leaching in ionic liquids revealed novel dependencies between the evolution of gas species, passivation layers and metal extraction efficiency.
The influence of a thermoresponsive polymer on the microdynamic phase transition mechanisms of distinctly structured thermoresponsive ionic liquids
Authors: Ma Lan , Wang Ge , Sun Shengtong , Wu Peiyi
Published: July 2017

The study of a ternary solution involving a thermoresponsive polymer, a thermoresponsive ionic liquid (IL), and a solvent will not only help with interpreting their distinct phase transition behavior, but also promote the development of novel thermoresponsive systems.
Spin dynamics of light-induced charge separation in composites of semiconducting polymers and PC60BM revealed using Q-band pulse EPR
Authors: Lukina E. A. , Suturina E. , Reijerse E. , Lubitz W. , Kulik L. V.
Published: July 2017

Q-Band electron spin echo spectroscopy allows distinguishing light-induced polarons of different types in photovoltaic polymer/fullerene composites.
Critical universality and asymmetry of ionic solution {iodobenzene + 1-decyl-3-methyl-imidazolium bis(trifluorosulfonyl)imide}
Authors: Tao Xiaoyi , Yin Tianxiang , Shen Weiguo
Published: July 2017

The asymmetric behaviors of the coexistence curve diameter and osmotic compressibility for an ionic solution with a low-permittivity solvent are discussed based on precise measurements.
The VN3H defect in diamond: a quantum-mechanical characterization
Authors: Gentile Francesco Silvio , Salustro Simone , Causà Mauro , Erba Alessandro , Carbonniére Philippe , Dovesi Roberto
Published: July 2017

The structural, electronic, energetic and vibrational spectroscopic (IR and Raman) properties of the VN3H defect in diamond are investigated with quantum mechanical simulations.
Defense contracts: molecular protection in insect-microbe symbioses
Authors: Van Arnam Ethan B. , Currie Cameron R. , Clardy Jon
Published: July 2017

Insects frequently host microbes that produce defensive molecules: a successful protective strategy and also an opportunity for antibiotic discovery
The role of KCl in FeCl3–KCl/Al2O3catalysts with enhanced catalytic performance for ethane oxychlorination
Authors: Zhou Qihua , Hu Ruisheng , Jia Yun , Wang Hongye
Published: July 2017

The Mossbauer spectrum and other characterization studies proved that the formation of KFeCl4enhanced the catalytic performance for ethane oxychlorination.
Copper-coordination polymer-controlled Cu@N-rGO and CuO@C nanoparticle formation: reusable green catalyst for A3-coupling and nitroarene-reduction reactions
Authors: Vinod Kumar Vadivel , Rajmohan Rajamani , Vairaprakash Pothiappan , Mariappan Mariappan , Anthony Savarimuthu Philip
Published: July 2017

Cu/CuO NPs were fabricated in N-rGO/carbon matrices using structural versatility of coordination polymers and utilized as reusable green catalyst.
Aggregation induced emission of gold(i) complexes in water or water mixtures
Authors: Pinto Andrea , Svahn Noora , Lima João Carlos , Rodríguez Laura
Published: July 2017

Gold(i) complexes are an expanding area of investigation due to the possibility of giving rise to supramolecular aggregates with particular morphologies that can be modulated together with their luminescent properties.
A facile synthesis of CuFe2O4/Cu9S8/PPy ternary nanotubes as peroxidase mimics for the sensitive colorimetric detection of H2O2 and dopamine
Authors: Yang Zezhou , Ma Fuqiu , Zhu Yun , Chen Sihui , Wang Ce , Lu Xiaofeng
Published: July 2017

CuFe2O4/Cu9S8/PPy ternary nanotubes as robust peroxidase-like mimics for the sensitive detection of dopamine have been developed.
Thermo-responsive molecularly imprinted sensor based on the surface-enhanced Raman scattering for selective detection of R6G in the water
Authors: Li Hongji , Wang Xiaonan , Wang Zirun , Jiang Jiaqi , Wei Maobin , Zheng Jiahong , Yan Yongsheng , Li Chunxiang
Published: July 2017

In this study, a novel SERS sensor was successfully prepared by combining a molecular imprinted technique (MIT) with a SERS technique to improve the selectivity of the traditional SERS technique.
Methodology for quantifying engineered nanomaterial release from diverse product matrices under outdoor weathering conditions and implications for life cycle assessment
Authors: Lankone Ronald S. , Challis Katie E. , Bi Yuqiang , Hanigan David , Reed Robert B. , Zaikova Tatiana , Hutchison James E. , Westerhoff Paul , Ranville James , Fairbrother Howard , Gilbertson Leanne M.
Published: July 2017

Accurate measurement of engineered nanomaterial (ENM) release from diverse product lines and matrices during use is critical to evaluating environmental impacts across the life cycle of a nano-enabled product.
Microfluidic platform for efficient Nanodisc assembly, membrane protein incorporation, and purification
Authors: Wade James H. , Jones Joshua D. , Lenov Ivan L. , Riordan Colleen M. , Sligar Stephen G. , Bailey Ryan C.
Published: July 2017

A microfluidic platform for Nanodisc formation and membrane protein incorporation will enable studies of interactions at model membrane interfaces.
Highly efficient simultaneous adsorption of Cd(ii), Hg(ii) and As(iii) ions from aqueous solutions by modification of graphene oxide with 3-aminopyrazole: central composite design optimization
Authors: Alimohammady M. , Jahangiri M. , Kiani F. , Tahermansouri H.
Published: July 2017

Efficient simultaneous adsorption of heavy metal ions from solutions by modified graphene oxide with 3-aminopyrazole using central composite design modeling.
A family of solution-processable macrocyclic and open-chain oligothiophenes with atropoisomeric scaffolds: structural and electronic features for potential energy applications
Authors: Quartapelle Procopio E. , Benincori T. , Appoloni G. , Mussini P. R. , Arnaboldi S. , Carbonera C. , Cirilli R. , Cominetti A. , Longo L. , Martinazzo R. , Panigati M. , Pò R.
Published: July 2017

Cyclic and linear inherently chiral oligothiophenes have been employed as donors in bulk heterojunction solar cells with fullerenes as acceptors.
Green synthesized multifunctional Ag@Fe2O3nanocomposites for effective antibacterial, antifungal and anticancer properties
Authors: Kulkarni Sameer , Jadhav Mangesh , Raikar Prasad , Barretto Delicia A. , Vootla Shyam Kumar , Raikar U. S.
Published: July 2017

We propose the green synthesis of Ag@Fe2O3nanocomposites for excellent antibacterial activity with MIC ≤ 20 mg ml−1forE. coliandS. aureusbacteria.
Light-harvesting synthetic nano- and micromotors: a review
Authors: Eskandarloo Hamed , Kierulf Arkaye , Abbaspourrad Alireza
Published: July 2017

Nano- and micromotors are machines that can be made to perform specialized tasks as they propel themselves in response to certain stimuli.
Phenothiazine-linked nucleosides and nucleotides for redox labelling of DNA
Authors: Simonova Anna , Havran Luděk , Pohl Radek , Fojta Miroslav , Hocek Michal
Published: July 2017

New phenothiazine-modified nucleotides were prepared and used for enzymatic synthesis of labelled DNA for electrochemical detection and redox coding of DNA bases.
Transition from smectic nanofibers to smectic vesicles in the self-assemblies of PEG-b-liquid crystal polycarbonates
Authors: Zhou Lu , Zhang Dapeng , Hocine Sabrina , Pilone Alessia , Trépout Sylvain , Marco Sergio , Thomas Christophe , Guo Jia , Li Min-Hui
Published: July 2017

A transition from nanofibers to ellipsoidal vesicles through lamellas was evidenced as the self-assembling mechanism for biodegradable smectic polycarbonate-based amphiphilic block copolymers.
The effect of a human acellular amniotic membrane loaded with mechanical stretch-stimulated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of pelvic floor dysfunction
Authors: Zhao Bing , Liang Linlin , Wang Junmin , Ren Chenchen , Hu Mengcai , Wu Huiyan , Chen Lulu , Liu Xiaojun , Xu Feng , Zheng Xueqin , Chen Juan , Cui Shihong
Published: July 2017

Pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) has a severe impact on the quality of life of middle-aged and elderly women and is closely related to the damage of pelvic support tissues, especially ligaments.
Recent advancements, key challenges and solutions in non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose sensors based on graphene platforms
Authors: Gnana kumar G. , Amala G. , Gowtham S. M.
Published: July 2017

This review elucidates the recent advances in graphene platforms in electrochemical non-enzymatic glucose sensors and provides solutions for existing bottlenecks.
A sulfonated polymer membrane with Ag-based graft: morphology, characterization, antimicrobial activity and interception ability
Authors: He Qi , Zhu Zipei , Dong Hao , Xiao Kaijun
Published: July 2017

Ag-based nano-graft can impart broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity to a polymer membrane and enhance its anti-fouling capacity effectively.
Fabrication of hydrochar functionalized Fe–Mn binary oxide nanocomposites: characterization and 17β-estradiol removal
Authors: Ning Qimeng , Liu Yunguo , Liu Shaobo , Jiang Luhua , Zeng Guangming , Zeng Zhiwei , Wang Xiaohua , Li Jiang , Kare Zulhumar
Published: July 2017

In this work, Fe–Mn binary oxide modified hydrochar (hydrochar-FMBO) was successfully prepared by deposition of Fe–Mn binary oxide (FMBO) nanoparticles on pristine hydrochar.
A novel microporous amorphous-ZnO@TiO2/graphene ternary nanocomposite with enhanced photocatalytic activity
Authors: Guo Si-Yao , Dai Jian-Guo , Zhao Tie-Jun , Hou Shuai-Dong , Zhang Peng , Wang Peng-Gang , Sun Guo-Xing
Published: July 2017

Configuration model of the amorphous-TiO2/RGO heterostructure and the photocatalytic activities.
Characterization of the damping and mechanical properties of a novel (ZnSnO3/PVDF)@PPy nanofibers/EP composite
Authors: Zhang Chunmei , Li Hua , Zhuo Zhangzhi , Dugnani Roberto , Xue Wenchao , Zhou Yong , Chen Yujie , Liu Hezhou
Published: July 2017

Piezo-damping (ZnSnO3/PVDF)@PPy nanofibers/EP composites exhibit greatly improved damping and mechanical properties than epoxy matrix using lead-free self-poled ZnSnO3 as piezoelectric phase.
Reaction of sterically encumbered phenols, TEMPO-H, and organocarbonyl insertion reactions with L-AlH2(L = HC(MeCNDipp)2, Dipp = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl)
Authors: Keyes Lauren K. , Todd Angela D. K. , Giffin Nick A. , Veinot Alex J. , Hendsbee Arthur D. , Robertson Katherine N. , Geier Stephen J. , Masuda Jason D.
Published: July 2017

A bulky aluminum dihydride reacts with R–OH and organocarbonyls to give a variety of products; including OC insertion into the Al–H bond.
Dynamical theory of the inverted cheerios effect
Authors: Pandey Anupam , Karpitschka Stefan , Lubbers Luuk A. , Weijs Joost H. , Botto Lorenzo , Das Siddhartha , Andreotti Bruno , Snoeijer Jacco H.
Published: July 2017

Dynamical theory of the inverted cheerios effect explains the interaction and motion of liquid drops on a soft gel.
Study of the conformation of polyelectrolyte aggregates using coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Mima Toshiki , Kinjo Tomoyuki , Yamakawa Shunsuke , Asahi Ryoji
Published: July 2017

The conformation of polyelectrolyte aggregates as a function of the backbone rigidity is investigated by coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation.
Highly tough, anti-fatigue and rapidly self-recoverable hydrogels reinforced with core–shell inorganic–organic hybrid latex particles
Authors: Xia Shan , Song Shixin , Ren Xiuyan , Gao Guanghui
Published: July 2017

Highly tough, anti-fatigue and rapidly self-recoverable hydrogels reinforced with core–shell inorganic–organic hybrid latex particles.
SFPQ, a multifunctional nuclear protein, regulates the transcription of PDE3A
Authors: Rhee Dong Keun , Hockman Steven C. , Choi Sunkyung , Kim Yong-Eun , Park Chungoo , Manganiello Vincent C. , Kim Kee K.
Published: July 2017

Phosphodiesterase 3A (PDE3A), a member of the cGMP-inhibited cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE) family, plays important roles in oocyte maturation and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. However, the molecular mechanisms that regulate PDE3A gene expression remain largely unknown. In the present study, we investigated the transcriptional regulation of PDE3A, and found that the splicing factor proline- and glutamine-rich (SFPQ) protein modulated PDE3A mRNA levels. Multiple transcription start sites (TSS1, 2, and 3) were identified within the first exon of PDE3A using 5′-rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). Variable expression levels of three PDE3A variants were also observed in human tissues and HeLa cells. Several putative SFPQ-binding sites were identified upstream of the regulatory region of PDE3A-TSSs using ChIP sequencing (ChIP-seq). Serum-induced PDE3A expression was affected by increasing the amount of SFPQ binding to the upstream regulatory region of PDE3A. In addition, transcription of PDE3A was lower in human cervical adenocarcinoma cells compared with normal cervical tissue. Furthermore, overexpression of PDE3A induced sensitivity to anticancer therapeutic agent, 6-(4-(diethylamino)-3-nitrophenyl)-5-methyl-4,5-dihydropyridazin-3(2H)-one (DNMDP), in HeLa cells. Taken together, these results suggest that SFPQ functions as a transcriptional activator of PDE3A, which is involved in the regulation of DNMDP sensitivity, offering a novel molecular target for the development of anticancer therapies.
Planning a decentralised and bi‐directional market‐based management system
Authors: Hejeejo Rashid , Qiu Jing , Mirzaeva Galina
Published: July 2017

The increases in renewable current sources, prosumers and decentralised control generation in centralised grids have increased the fluctuations in electricity costs, increased the bi‐direction power flow problems and changed the operation and investment of the centralised grid. These new constraints have to be observed to manage the design of the market, the new management near the load and the new operators for the power system. This study proposes a stochastic framework for the centralised grid with a market‐based, decentralised management and bi‐directional power flow of mixed generators of electrical energy. A decentralised and bi‐directional market‐based management system (DBMBMS) model is developed which considers the operation costs, security and reliability of the centralised grid, the spot market price, weather changes and the fluctuations in the load. A differential evolution technique with a Monte Carlo program is used in aggregation with bi‐directional power flows to find the optimal solutions, depending on the uncertainties of the centralised grid. Using a DBMBMS model, optimal load and price management are then realised, based on the decision‐maker's choices. The impacts of this new management system on the reduction of the total electricity prices of the different power sources are analysed and illustrated with practical case studies.
Surface rotation of Kepler red giant stars
Authors: Ceillier T. , Tayar J. , Mathur S. , Salabert D. , García R. A. , Stello D. , Pinsonneault M. H. , van Saders J. , Beck P. G. , Bloemen S.
Published: July 2017

Kepler allows the measurement of starspot variability in a large sample of field red giants for the first time. With a new method that combines autocorrelation and wavelet decomposition, we measure 361 rotation periods from the full set of 17 377 oscillating red giants in our sample. This represents 2.08% of the stars, consistent with the fraction of spectroscopically detected rapidly rotating giants in the field. The remaining stars do not show enough variability to allow us to measure a reliable surface rotation period. Because the stars with detected rotation periods have measured oscillations, we can infer their global properties, e.g. mass and radius, and quantitatively evaluate the predictions of standard stellar evolution models as a function of mass. Consistent with results for cluster giants when we consider only the 4881 intermediate-mass stars, M > 2.0 M⊙ from our full red giant sample, we do not find the enhanced rates of rapid rotation expected from angular momentum conservation. We therefore suggest that either enhanced angular momentum loss or radial differential rotation must be occurring in these stars. Finally, when we examine the 575 low-mass (M< 1.1 M⊙) red clump stars in our sample, which were expected to exhibit slow (non-detectable) rotation, 15% of them actually have detectable rotation. This suggests a high rate of interactions and stellar mergers on the red giant branch.
Neonatal Sepsis: Clinical Considerations
Authors: Blatt S. , Schroth M.
Published: July 2017

Unspecific symptoms and rapid development of sepsis up to septic shock from systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) are well-known, important issues in neonatology. A common cause is the infection by Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus [GBS]) or Escherichia coli, which contributes significantly to neonatal morbidity and mortality. Whereas early-onset sepsis is normally derived from mother during birth, late-onset sepsis can be transmitted by the environment. Management of neonatal sepsis includes the maintenance of cardiovascular and pulmonary function besides antibiotic therapy. Due to the fact that until today, there are no reliable screening tests for detecting early sepsis, clinical assessment is considered to be of utmost importance.
Sepsis Biomarkers in Neonates and Children: C-Reactive Protein and Procalcitonin
Authors: Markic J. , Saraga M. , Dahlem P.
Published: July 2017

Bacteremia and sepsis are still significant causes of morbidity and mortality among children and neonates worldwide. Early recognition of bacterial sepsis and initiation of therapy is associated with better treatment outcomes but is challenging as many of the early clinical features can be similar to those in self-limiting viral illnesses. Diagnosis of bacteremia is also challenging because the use of blood culture, the gold standard for diagnosis of bacteremia, is fraught with difficulties. Therefore, various biomarkers are of great importance in the process of diagnosis of sepsis and evaluation of its severity. They can indicate the presence or absence or severity of sepsis and are helpful in differentiating bacterial from viral and fungal infection. Of the many proposed biomarkers for infection and/or sepsis, acute-phase proteins such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) are widely used and have perhaps been most widely assessed. In this review, we will present the advantages and disadvantages of CRP and PCT determination in sepsis evaluation. It will be presented that it is still not always possible to predict accurately the presence of bacterial infection on the basis of clinical appearance and available laboratory tests. Therefore, the investigation of new and better biomarkers is challenging and ongoing.
Pediatric Sepsis Markers: Interleukins and Others
Authors: Polic B. , Dahlem P. , Saraga M.
Published: July 2017

Cytokines are a very important part in the regulation of immune response in sepsis. They are cellular signaling proteins whose production is a result of activation of specific receptors. Variations in the genes encoding cytokines have a significant role in interindividual susceptibility to sepsis and its severity, and their function may be modulated by age, gender, and some environmental factors. Cytokines are classified into the subsets of proinflammatory, anti-inflammatory, and multiple function cytokines. Regulated balance between proinflammatory cytokines, anti-inflammatory cytokines, and soluble inhibitors of proinflammatory cytokines is important for eliminating pathogens and reducing inflammation. High levels of some cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and IL-6, determine the course of disease and outcome in sepsis. Likewise, numerous other biomarkers may be potential indicators of sepsis, but none has been routinely used. The best approach to the diagnosis of sepsis is the combination of different biomarkers.
Stärken und Schwächen der digitalen Gesundheitswirtschaft
Authors: Leppert Florian , Gerlach Jan , Ostwald Dennis , Greiner Wolfgang
Published: July 2017

Es werden hohe Erwartungen an die Digitalisierung der Gesundheitswirtschaft gestellt – trotzdem bleibt die Realität hinter den Erwartungen zurück. Die Studie analysiert die Stärken und Schwächen der deutschen Digitalen Gesundheitswirtschaft (DGW) mit besonderem Fokus auf kleinere und mittelständische Unternehmen (KMU). Grundlage bildet ein Dreiklang aus Literaturreview, Experteninterviews und ein Expertenworkshop. Es wird deutlich, dass die DGW von einem heterogenen und vielschichtigen teils förderlichen aber auch hemmenden Umfeld beeinflusst wird. Maßgebliche Schwächen liegen im Mangel nachhaltiger Geschäftsmodelle, der Vergütung inkl. eines planbaren Zugangs zum ersten Gesundheitsmarkt, Evaluationsanforderungen und -möglichkeiten und der mangelnden Zahlungsbereitschaft von Privatnutzern sowie den regulatorischen Rahmenbedingungen. Gerade für kleinere Unternehmen bietet die digitale Gesundheitswirtschaft Ansatzpunkte, innovative Produkte und Lösungen zu etablieren, allerdings erschweren die Rahmenbedingungen eine schnelle Diffusion dieser Technologien.
Exzentrisches Training nach einer traumatischen Apophysenfraktur an der Spina iliaca anterior inferior – Fallstudie an einem Nachwuchsfußballer
Authors: Landkammer Yvonne , Rieder Florian , Sassmann Robert , Herfert Jürgen , Wicker Anton
Published: July 2017

Exzentrisches Training ist eine etablierte Krafttrainingsmethode im Leistungssport. Sie wird auch schon erfolgreich zur Kraftverbesserung in der Rehabilitation bei Kreuzbandplastiken eingesetzt. Allerdings ist noch nicht klar, ob exzentrisches Training auch nach Apophysenfrakturen zu einer erfolgreichen Rehabilitation beitragen kann. Ein 14-jähriger Stürmer wird mit einer Apophysenfraktur an der rechten Spina iliaca anterior inferior vorstellig. Nach einer frühen Rehaphase und einem isokinetisch-konzentrischen Kraftaufbau beginnt der Patient acht Wochen nach der Verletzung mit einem vierwöchigen exzentrischen Trainingsprogramm auf einem isokinetischen Dynamometer (Biodex), gefolgt von einem vierwöchigen exzentrischen Ergometertraining (Eccentron). Vor und nach jeder exzentrischen Trainingsphase werden isokinetische Maximalkrafttests der Kniestrecker und -beuger bei Winkelgeschwindigkeiten von 60 Grad pro Sekunde (°/sek), 180°/sek und 240°/sek durchgeführt. Durch das insgesamt achtwöchige exzentrische Rehabilitationsprogramm kann das maximale Drehmoment des Patienten bei allen Winkelgeschwindigkeiten im verletzen (60°/sek + 14,4 %; 180°/sek + 8,8 %; 240°/sek + 6,3 %) aber auch im unverletzten Bein (60°/sek + 15,6 %; 180°/sek + 1,9 %; 240°/sek + 8,1 %) zwischen erster und letzter Testung erhöht werden. Zudem zeigte sich eine Verbesserung der neuromuskulären Koordination während der exzentrischen Trainingseinheiten. Diese Einzelfallstudie zeigt, dass kontrolliertes exzentrisches Training in der offenen und geschlossenen kinetischen Kette sowohl die Koordinations- als auch die Kraftfähigkeit der trainierten Muskulatur verbessert und somit einen wertvollen Beitrag zu einem sicheren Return-to-Sport nach Apophysenfrakturen leisten kann.
Patientenverfügungen in Hausarztpraxen – Ergebnisse einer Befragung von Hausarztpatienten zur ihrer Versorgungssituation
Authors: Schnakenberg Rieke , Just Johannes , Thiessen Vitali , Puth Marie-Therese , Bleckwenn Markus , Weckbecker Klaus
Published: July 2017

Hintergrund Die Patientenverfügung (PV) ist ein wichtiges Instrument um den Patientenwillen zu dokumentieren. Sie wird daher mit zunehmendem Alter und chronischen Erkrankungen empfohlen. Allerdings gibt es in Deutschland kein standardisiertes Vorgehen und auch keine Leitlinie zur Beratung von Patienten die eine PV mit oder ohne Vorsorgevollmacht verfassen möchten. Ziel dieser Studie ist, die Versorgungssituation bezüglich der PV bei Hausarztpatienten zu untersuchen und dabei die Rolle des Hausarztes zu erfassen.

Methode In dieser Querschnittsstudie wurden Patienten in Hausarztpraxen in NRW befragt. Die Befragung wurde persönlich anhand eines Leitfadens mit offenen sowie geschlossenen Fragen durchgeführt und die Antworten direkt digitalisiert.

Ergebnis Die 154 befragten Hausarztpatienten (im Durchschnitt 58 Jahre alt; 52% weiblich) waren überwiegend chronisch krank (79%). Eine eigene PV hatten bereits 32% der Befragten erstellt. Grund hierfür war in den meisten Fällen die Angst vor einem Autonomieverlust. Die Patienten ohne PV hatten prinzipiell nichts gegen die Erstellung einer Verfügung, haben es bisher jedoch vor sich hergeschoben (43%). Die Chance, eine PV zu erstellen, erhöht sich um den Faktor 1,08 pro Lebensjahr (Odds Ratio (OR): 1,08; CI: 1,04–1,11). Die Patienten mit PV hatten sich am häufigsten im Internet (22%), vom Hausarzt (12%) und/oder Angehörigen (12%) beraten lassen. Die meisten Patienten waren mit ihrer Verfügung zufrieden.

Schlußfolgerung Die Mehrheit der Patienten in Hausarztpraxen nutzen noch keine PV. Hausärzte spielen eine wichtige Rolle im Erstellungsprozess einer PV und könnten Patienten zur Erstellung einer PV ermutigen. Hierbei wäre die Etablierung von Qualitätsstandards in Zukunft wünschenswert.
Informationsbedürfnisse von Versicherten der Deutschen Rentenversicherung zur medizinischen Rehabilitation – eine schriftliche Befragung
Authors: Walther Anna , Falk Johannes , Deck Ruth
Published: July 2017

Ziel der Studie Um zielgruppenspezifische Informationen über die Rehabilitation für Versicherte zu erstellen wurden bei Versicherten ohne Rehabilitationserfahrung Vorstellungen über die medizinische Rehabilitation und Informationswünsche hinsichtlich Inhalt und Art erfasst.

Methodik Im Mittelpunkt der Untersuchung stand eine schriftliche Befragung von Versicherten der Deutschen Rentenversicherung. Hierfür wurden N=600 Versicherte zur Studie eingeladen. Der Fragebogen wurde durch eine qualitativ angelegte Vorstudie entwickelt.

Ergebnisse N=196 Fragebögen konnten in der Auswertung berücksichtigt werden. Das Ziel der medizinischen Rehabilitation, Wiederherstellung der Erwerbsfähigkeit, wurde von den meisten Versicherten benannt. Als Reha-Indikation dominierte die Vorstellung, dass nach bestimmten Operationen eine Rehabilitation in Anspruch genommen werden kann. Krankengymnastik wurde am häufigsten als Therapieinhalt einer Reha betrachtet. Als besonders wichtig wurden Informationen über formale Schritte, realistische Ziel und Informationen über Reha-Kliniken von den Versicherten erachtet. Als Informationsmedium präferieren die Versicherten ein Gespräch mit ihrem Arzt, nachfolgend schriftliches Informationsmaterial und eine Website. Zwei Drittel der Befragten empfanden Informationen über die Rehabilitation auch dann als wichtig, wenn sie aktuell keinen Reha-Bedarf haben.

Schlussfolgerung Die in dieser Studie identifizierten zielgruppenspezifischen Informationswünsche sollten bei einer bedarfsgerechten Aufbereitung von Informationsmaterialien berücksichtigt werden. Diese können dazu beitragen, dass Versicherte der Rentenversicherung eine informierte Entscheidung für oder gegen eine Reha-Leistung bzw. das Stellen eines Reha-Antrags treffen können. Darüber hinaus tragen patientenorientierte Informationen zu einer erfolgreicheren Reha-Teilnahme, zu einer höheren Zufriedenheit mit der Rehabilitations-leistung sowie zu einer besseren Bewertung des Reha-Erfolgs bei.
Einflussfaktoren auf das sicherheitsrelevante Wissen auf der Skipiste
Authors: Ruedl Gerhard , Pocecco Elena , Brunner Friedrich , Greier Klaus , Hildebrandt Carolin , Raschner Christian
Published: July 2017

Hintergrund Die Rechtsprechung bei Wintersportunfällen mit Fremdverschulden erfolgt u. a. unter Berücksichtigung der 10 Pistenregeln des Internationalen Skiverbandes (FIS) zur Klärung der Haftungsfrage. Eine frühere Studie offenbarte deutliche Defizite sicherheitsrelevanten Wissens auf der Skipiste, besonders bei Jugendlichen, ausländischen Gästen und Skianfängern. Das Ziel dieser Untersuchung war es, weitere potenzielle Einflussfaktoren, wie z. B. die ausgeführte Sportart, das Tragen eines Skihelms, das Fahrverhalten bzw. eine frühere Wintersportverletzung auf sicherheitsrelevantes Wissen bzw. Verhalten auf der Skipiste zu eruieren.

Methodik Im März 2012 wurden Wintersportler an zwei Wochenenden in fünf Österreichischen Skigebieten anhand eines standardisierten Fragebogens interviewt. Die Studienteilnehmer mussten 12 Aussagen zu einem sicherheitsrelevanten Verhalten auf der Skipiste, die im Wesentlichen auf den 10 FIS-Pistenregeln basieren, auf ihre Richtigkeit beurteilen.

Ergebnisse Gesamt wurden 602 Wintersportler (67 % Skifahrer) mit einem Durchschnittsalter von 32,8 ± 14,6 (Range: 8 – 77) Jahren befragt. Alle 12 bzw. 11 Aussagen richtig beantworteten 14 % bzw. 25 % der Wintersportler. Aussagen, die sich konkret auf das Fahrverhalten (Überholen, Vorrang, Anhalten, Geschwindigkeit anpassen) auf der Skipiste bezogen, wurden von 19 – 38 % der Befragten nicht richtig beantwortet. Es zeigen sich signifikante Unterschiede im sicherheitsrelevanten Wissen in Abhängigkeit der ausgeübten Sportart, des Geschlechts, der Altersklassen, des Skikönnens, der Wintersporthäufigkeit pro Saison sowie bei einer früheren Wintersportverletzung.

Schlussfolgerung Zusammenfassend zeigen die Ergebnisse dieser Studie, dass das sicherheitsrelevante Wissen bei Snowboardern, bei Frauen, bei der jüngsten Altersgruppe, bei Anfängern, bei der Gruppe mit der geringsten Sporthäufigkeit pro Saison sowie bei der unverletzten Gruppe signifikant geringer war als in den jeweiligen Vergleichsgruppen.
Fingerluxationen im PIP-Gelenk – Therapie einer sehr häufigen (Ball)Sportverletzung
Authors: Müller-Seubert Wibke , Bührer Gregor , Horch Raymund
Published: July 2017

Hintergrund Frakturen oder Bänderverletzungen an den Finger treten häufig auf, vor allem in Zusammenhang mit Traumata oder bei Sportverletzungen. Luxationen im proximalen Interphalangealgelenk sind hierbei die häufigsten Bänderverletzungen der Hand. Aufgrund des häufigen Auftretens sind die Grundsätze der Behandlung dieser Verletzungen nicht nur für den Handchirurgen von großer Relevanz.

Ziel der Arbeit Diese Arbeit liefert eine Zusammenfassung über das Verletzungsmuster sowie die adäquate Behandlung von Luxationen im proximalen Interphalangealgelenk.

Material und Methoden Neben aktueller Literatur werden die derzeitigen Standards in der Behandlung von PIP-Luxationen beschrieben.

Ergebnisse Zunächst sollte die anatomisch korrekte Reposition unter Röntgenkontrolle erfolgen. Abhängig vom Verletzungsmuster kann frühzeitig mit funktioneller Beübung unter Schutz mittels Buddy-Tape begonnen werden. Häufig sind allerdings kurze Ruhigstellungszeiten indiziert, um eventuelle Begleitverletzungen, wie den Ausriss der palmaren Platte, zu therapieren.

Zusammenfassung Anhängig vom Verletzungsmuster sollte neben der frühfunktionellen Beübung mittels Buddy-Tape zunächst eine Ruhigstellung, ggf. mit Gelenktransfixation, erfolgen. Eine ausführliche Aufklärung des Patienten über die Schwere der Verletzung und Folgeschäden wie bleibenden Funktionseinschränkungen oder frühzeitige Arthroseentwicklung sollte auf jeden Fall erfolgen.
The Sagdeev pseudopotential approach to autoresonance effect
Authors: Akbari-Moghanjoughi M.
Published: July 2017

In this paper, a theoretical model of the autoresonance effect based on the pseudoparticle oscillation in a classical potential well is presented. The underlying connection between the autoresonance effect and the shock wave generation in fluid dynamics is revealed and effects of different parameters such as the potential, damping, external force amplitude, and frequency variation on the phase-locking effect are examined. We use the full nonlinear energy spectrum of oscillations in order to selectively choose our start frequency for the autoresonance effect to occur. We also use an exponential chirping mechanism instead of the linear one which is usually employed. We believe that the former chirping mechanism is a more natural way of energy injection into the dynamical system and provides a more effective approach with sufficient control on the phase locking stability and duration. It is shown that the double sweeping of both driving force magnitude and frequency leads to dense large amplitude wave packets which we call autoexcitons. These entities may be useful in instantaneous energy transport in fluids and heating of plasmas. The autoresonance effect with exponential chirping and variable force amplitude is shown to be effective for weakly nonlinear Helmholtz and Duffing oscillators as well as fully nonlinear Sagdeev potential of electron-ion plasma hydrodynamic models. The occurrence of phase locking and autoexciton formation is studied for driven ion acoustic waves in terms of different plasma parameters and equation of state of ion fluid.
Assessing infrared intensity using the evaporation rate of liquid hydrogen inside a cryogenic integrating sphere for laser fusion targets
Authors: Iwano K. , Iwamoto A. , Asahina T. , Yamanoi K. , Arikawa Y. , Nagatomo H. , Nakai M. , Norimatsu T. , Azechi H.
Published: July 2017

Infrared (IR) heating processes have been studied to form a deuterium layer in an inertial confinement fusion target. To understand the relationship between the IR intensity and the fuel layering time constant, we have developed a new method to assess the IR intensity during irradiation. In our method, a glass flask acting as a dummy target is filled with liquid hydrogen (LH2) and is then irradiated with 2-μm light. The IR intensity is subsequently calculated from the time constant of the LH2 evaporation rate. Although LH2 evaporation is also caused by the heat inflow from the surroundings and by the background heat, the evaporation rate due to IR heating can be accurately determined by acquiring the time constant with and without irradiation. The experimentally measured IR intensity is 0.66 mW/cm2, which agrees well with a value estimated by considering the IR photon energy balance. Our results suggest that the present method can be used to measure the IR intensity inside a cryogenic system during IR irradiation of laser fusion targets.
Structural vs. compositional disorder in thermal conductivity reduction of SiGe alloys
Authors: Nie Jihui , Ranganathan Raghavan , Liang Zhi , Keblinski Pawel
Published: July 2017

We use equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations to determine the relative role of compositional and structural disorder in a phononic thermal conductivity reduction by studying three 50-50 SiGe alloy structures: ordered alloys, disordered alloys, and amorphous alloys, as well as pure amorphous Si and Ge structures for reference. While both types of disorders significantly reduce thermal conductivity, structural disorder is much more effective to this aim. The examination of phonon lifetimes in disordered alloys shows high values in a low frequency regime governed by Umklapp scattering that are reduced rapidly with increasing frequency following Rayleigh scattering behavior. The local properties analysis reveals that the structural disorder leads to elastic heterogeneities that are significantly larger than density heterogeneities, which is likely the key reason for amorphous semiconductor alloys having lower thermal conductivity than disordered alloys. Temperature dependence of thermal conductivity indicates the importance of propagating phonons and associated Umklapp scattering in SiGe alloy structures. Interestingly, longitudinal modes in amorphous and disordered alloys exhibit similar lifetimes, while transverse modes lifetimes show significant differences and are more temperature dependent.
An extended E⊗e Jahn-Teller Hamiltonian for large-amplitude motion: Application to vibrational conical intersections in CH3SH and CH3OH
Authors: Dawadi Mahesh B. , Thapaliya Bishnu P. , Perry David S.
Published: July 2017

An extended E⊗e Jahn-Teller Hamiltonian is presented for the case where the (slow) nuclear motion extends far from the symmetry point and may be described approximately as motion on a sphere. Rather than the traditional power series expansion in the displacement from the C3v symmetry point, an expansion in the spherical harmonics is employed. Application is made to the vibrational Jahn-Teller effect in CH3XH, with X = S, O, where the equilibrium CXH angles are 83° and 72°, respectively. In addition to the symmetry-required conical intersection (CI) at the C3v symmetry point, ab initio calculations reveal sets of six symmetry-allowed vibrational CIs in each molecule. The CIs for each molecule are arranged differently in the large-amplitude space, and that difference is reflected in the infrared spectra. The CIs in CH3SH are found in both eclipsed and staggered geometries, whereas those for CH3OH are found only in the eclipsed geometry near the torsional saddle point. This difference between the two molecules is reflected in the respective high-resolution spectra in the CH stretch fundamental region.
Electrostatic solvation free energies of charged hard spheres using molecular dynamics with density functional theory interactions
Authors: Duignan Timothy T. , Baer Marcel D. , Schenter Gregory K. , Mundy Chistopher J.
Published: July 2017

Determining the solvation free energies of single ions in water is one of the most fundamental problems in physical chemistry and yet many unresolved questions remain. In particular, the ability to decompose the solvation free energy into simple and intuitive contributions will have important implications for models of electrolyte solution. Here, we provide definitions of the various types of single ion solvation free energies based on different simulation protocols. We calculate solvation free energies of charged hard spheres using density functional theory interaction potentials with molecular dynamics simulation and isolate the effects of charge and cavitation, comparing to the Born (linear response) model. We show that using uncorrected Ewald summation leads to unphysical values for the single ion solvation free energy and that charging free energies for cations are approximately linear as a function of charge but that there is a small non-linearity for small anions. The charge hydration asymmetry for hard spheres, determined with quantum mechanics, is much larger than for the analogous real ions. This suggests that real ions, particularly anions, are significantly more complex than simple charged hard spheres, a commonly employed representation.