bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TIMSTOF Pro Crosslinking byJohannes Hevler; Albert Heck/ Richard Scheltema Labs v1
Authors: Hevler Johannes
Published: November 2021

crosslinking.m: Method to run cross-linking samples on TimsTof pro instrument. Method and energies are specifically optimized for PhoX cross-linker reagent (by Richard Scheltema and Markus Lubeck (Brucker)) Standard_DDA_PASEF_1.1sec_cycletime_2segm_1st_15min_nospectra.m: Method for classical bottom-up (proteomics) experiments. Optimized for LC systems that are operated without a trap and are euqipped with a 5 µL sample loop (flowrate 0.400 µL/min), as the Method is segmented: The first 15 min of the method no spectra are saved. To further reduce the file size the noise filtering for Tims is turned on. (by Richard Scheltema and Markus Lubeck (Brucker))
Social Behaviour and Circadian Variations in Different Activities of Captive Hog Deer (Axis porcinus)
Authors: Farooq Zahid , Baboo Irfan , Younas Muhammad , Iqbal Khalid Javed , Asad Sana , Shahbaz Muhammad , Mazhar Munir Muhammad , Saleem Khan Muhammad , Wajid Muhammad
Published: November 2021

Management practices/strategies to re-modulate the wild behaviour of animal species could increase their number in natural areas. The captive herd of hog deer showed slight changes from wild behaviour due to captive stress with no alteration in wild behaviour pattern except captive stress. Adult males (6), adult females (6) and fawns (6) were selected and observed round the clock for thirty days across season after one-hour interval on each activity. All subjects in hotter part of the day spent more time in sitting and rest. While, few hours of night in sleeping, resting and rumination. Fawn spent more time in sitting, resting, and hiding compared to adults. During wandering, they also spent some time in standing. It was noticed that all hog deer in herd not slept together but few of them remain active. Only male fighting was observed and maximum was noticed in August and September during breeding season. Hog deer were mainly crepuscular in feeding with irregular short intakes, and grazing on grasses present in enclosure. This study provides guideline to rehabilitate wild hog deer for better breeding management, conservation and raising practices.
Essential Oil and Leaves from Lantana camara Significantly Ameliorate Different Cancer Cell Lines by Suppressing the NF-κB Pathway
Authors: Sajid Arfaa , Manzoor Qaisar , Sajid Anam , Shabir Ahmad Rabia , Hussain Ghulam , Imran Muhammad , Aslam Farhan , Arshad Muhammad Umair , Gondal Tanweer Aslam , Imran Ali
Published: November 2021

The anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities of wild-sage (Lantana camara) leaves essential oil were evaluated against various human cell lines. In this regard, steam hydro-distillation technique was used for oil extraction. Chemical characterization of L. camara essential oil (LCEO) was done by GC-MS, and forty one chemical components (98.69%) were detected in leaves of LCEO. The major constituents were caryophyllene oxide (19.63%), caryophyllene (6.68%), β-phellandrene (6.48%), humulene epoxide II (5.68%), spathulenol (4.17%), α-pinene (3.27%), eucalyptol (3.09%), α-cyclocitral (2.89%), β-pinene (2.38%), and nerolidol II (2.33%). Moreover, the antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of LCEO were also examined. LCEO also showed good anti-inflammatory activity. Interestingly, it was found that the L. camara essential oil was active against a set of microbial strains along with promising antioxidant activity. The MTT assay showed that LCEO possessed good anticancer potential against U-266, A-549, HCT-116, SCC-4, MiaPaCa 2, and KBM-5 cancer cell lines. In these cell lines, it was depicted that the LCEO blocked the tumor cell proliferation via NF-κB pathway suppression. The promising and potent bioactivities of LCEO support the candidature of these essential oils as an anticancer agent.
Emotional Schema Therapy
Authors: Leahy R.L.
Published: November 2021

Cognitive therapy has often been criticized as focusing exclusively on rational cogni¬tion rather than on the role of emotion in psychopathology. The Emotional Schema Therapy (EST) approach advances a model of how people think about and respond to their own emotions and those of others. Drawing on Beck’s schema model, the metacognitive model of Adrian Wells, the Acceptance and Commitment Model (ACT), and social cognitive theory, the EST model suggests that beliefs about the duration, controllability, legitimacy, normalcy, shame and guilt about emotions re¬sult in problematic strategies for coping with emotion, such as suppression, avoid¬ance, substance abuse, and rumination. I outline some of the main points of EST and the research supporting the model.
Reflecting on Life Script, Related Unconscious Beliefs, and Future Projections as a Factor of Remission Duration in Male Patients With Alcohol Dependence
Authors: Tuchina O.D. , Agibalova T.V. , Shustov D.I.
Published: November 2021

A cross-sectional study performed in a Moscow hospital for addiction treatment (2019—2020) tested a hypothesis that the capacity to reflect on a life script exert¬ed a positive effect on alcohol dependence (AD) remission duration. The sample included 61 males with AD and without dual diagnosis; the mean age was 44.1 (SD = 10.1) years. Methods. (1) Socio-demographic and clinical data was collected using a semi-structured therapeutic interview. (2) Explicit representations of one’s future were evaluated using a Self-defining Future Projections task; “Life Line”, and a “Cultural script” task. (3) Data on life script characteristics was gathered using the semi-structured “Script Questionnaire”. Qualitative data was processed by means of quantitative content analysis performed by experts based on relevant guidelines. Effects of verbalized life script characteristics on several remission parameters were assessed using multiple linear regression. Results and Conclusions. People with AD who were capable of verbalizing and reflecting on long-term, self-relevant repre¬sentations of the future related to the basic beliefs about their own life course, were capable of maintaining longer remissions in contrast to those who failed to reflect on these topics and limited their memories and future projections by overgeneral cultural script events.
Critical care management of patients with spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage – a review
Authors:   Department of Anaesthesia, Landspítali, Kristinsdóttir Eyrún Anna , Ásgeirsdóttir Sigrún ,   Department of Anaesthesia, Landspítali, Skúlason Halldór ,   Department of Brain Surgery, Landspítali, Björnsson Aron ,   Department of Brain Surgery, Landspítali, Vilmarsson Vilhjálmur ,   Department of Radiology, Landspitali University Hospital, Sigvaldason Kristinn ,   Department of Anaesthesia, Landspítali
Published: November 2021

Spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage is characterized by extravasation of blood into the subarachnoid space without a preceding trauma. The leading cause is a ruptured intracranial aneurysm. Serious neurologic complications can occur, such as rebleeding, cerebral vasospasm and delayed cerebral ischemia. Subarachnoid haemorrhage is a serious condition with a high mortality rate and those who survive often suffer long-term consequences. Prevention of rebleeding by aneurysm repair is essential and guidelines recommend this procedure should be done as soon as possible or within 72 hours. Management requires intensive care with emphasis on accurate blood pressure control, maintaining normal fluid and electrolyte balance and monitoring the level of consciousness. All patients should be treated with the calcium channel blocker nimodipine to reduce the risk of vasospasm and delayed cerebral ischemia which are among the most serious complications of subarachnoid haemorrhage.
Diagnostic method for GLONASS onboard transmitters using monitoring system based on small-size reflector antenna
Authors: Ryzhov V.S.
Published: November 2021

Regular measurements of the power level of the satellite signals make it possible to detect abnormal functioning of the on-board transmitting device. Due to the high complexity, the large mass of the moving units and the presence of a mechanical drive, it is difficult to carry out regular measurements of the power of the signals of the orbital constellation using large-aperture monitoring systems. To monitor the GLONASS satellites, a small-sized non-power system based on a fixed antenna with a diameter of D = 2 m was developed and put into operation, which allows the NSV self-passage through the main beam of the diagram to make regular assessments of the received power level of the radio navigation signal. The aim of the work is to identify malfunctions of the on-board transmitting devices of the full orbital constellation of the GLONASS satellite based on data obtained by a small-sized monitoring system. The analysis of the data obtained in the period from March 22 to August 11, 2020 revealed 6 NSVs with one or two failed on-board amplifiers and 3 NSVs with three, which was later confirmed by telemetry data. The practical significance of the work lies in the development of a method and a working prototype for alternative diagnostics of the onboard transmitting devices of the GLONASS satellite.
International activities survey in the field of space navigation within the framework of the International Committee on GNSS, the International Civil Aviation Organization and other international organizations
Authors: Silin S.V.
Published: November 2021

In the article there are analysed directions of development in the field of satellite navigation including aspects of service characteristics monitoring, complementarity of system time, complementarity of PPP, geodetic and temporal coordinates, international industrial standards for double-frequency multisystems navigation apparatus and others. There given perspective plans in the field of satellite navigation for the International Committee on GNSS (ICG), the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and other international organizations in 2021.
Method for detecting curvilinear trajectories of air targets using parametric transformations
Authors: Ashurkov I.S. , Zhitkov S.A. , Leshko N.A. , Tymoshenko A.V.
Published: November 2021

For effective detection of maneuvering targets in conditions of low values of the signal-to-noise ratio, block methods of trajectory processing based on parametric transformations are used. The use of parametric transformations increases the resistance of the trajectory detection algorithm to an increase in the number of false marks and the omission of true ones in the analyzed sample, but is limited by the choice of a certain type of target movement model. The purpose of the article is to expand the possibilities for detecting target trajectories using parametric transformations by developing a new technique that solves the problem of detecting trajectories of air targets moving with lateral accelerations or maneuvering simultaneously in two planes. The paper proposes a method for restoring curvilinear trajectories of air objects (in the form of an ellipse) using the parametric Radon transform. The structure of the methodology is presented in the form of successive stages: formation of a sample of true and false marks for n surveys, parametric conversion of marks, clustering of selected groups, inter-survey identification of marks and making a decision on target detection and its trajectory. A variant of the parametric transformation for the selection of ellipses with various parameters and criteria for choosing the optimal values of the parameters that affect the operation of the technique are proposed. Estimates of the quality of the method are obtained based on the results of a statistical experiment, confirming the high capabilities of detecting target trajectories.
Potret Strategi Going Concern UMKM Pandai Besi Celurit Bermotif Madura
Authors: Rimawati Yuni , Ervanto Adi Darmawan
Published: November 2021

This study aims to provide an overview of the unique going concern strategy of Tokang pandhih Jokotole (read: SMEs blacksmith) which produces patterned sickles so that these MSMEs are able to survive and even have been traversed by several generations. This study used a configurative ideographic studies case study approach to analyze the data. The conclusion of this study is that Haji Masduri implements a strategy to maintain product quality to maintain customer trust.  The development of a business into a business that has a business license with the “Jokotole” brand is a government facility that is accepted by Haji Masduri. In business operational management, Haji Masduri carries out a specialization strategy for production work, a gratuity system (profit sharing) based on the selling price of patterned sickle workers, and "utilizing the network" owned to obtain quality raw materials without leaving the house (place of business). The strategy for maintaining cash flow carried out by Haji Masduri is the production system for orders and a 50% down payment. The impact of the maintained product quality, Haji Masduri can apply a strategy to determine the selling price without the bargaining process of ordering a patterned sickle.Keywords: Business Strategy; Going Concern; SMEs; Cultural Products. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran keunikan strategi going concern pandai besi tokang pandhih Jokotole yang memproduksi celurit bermotif sehingga UMKM ini mampu bertahan bahkan sudah dijalan oleh beberapa generasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan  pendekatan studi kasus configurative ideographic studies untuk menganalisis data. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah  Haji Masduri menerapkan strategi menjaga kualitas produk untuk menjaga kepercayaan pelanggan. Pengembangan usaha menjadi usaha yang memiliki ijin usaha dengan brand “Jokotole” adalah fasilitas Pemerintah yang diterima Haji Masduri. Setelah memiliki ijin usaha, Haji Masduri dapat mengakses lebih banyak fasilitas dari Pemerintah. Dalam manajemen operasional bisnis Haji Masduri menjalankan strategi  spesialisasi kerja bagian produksi, sistem upah persenan (bagi hasil) berdasarkan harga jual pada tenaga kerja celurit bermotif, dan “memanfaatkan jaringan” yang dimiliki untuk memperoleh bahan baku ayng berkualitas tanpa meninggalkan rumah (tempat usaha).  Strategi menjaga cash flow yang dilakukan oleh Haji Masduri adalah dengan sistem produksi pesanan dan uang muka 50%. Dampak dari kualitas produk yang terjaga, Haji Masduri dapat menerapkan strategi penentuan harga jual tanpa proses tawar menawar dari pemesan celurit bermotif. Kata Kunci: Strategi Bisnis; Going Concern; UMKM; Produk Budaya.
Pengelolaan Ekowisata Boonpring oleh Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDes) Dalam Meningkatkan Pendapatan Asli Desa
Authors: Leniwati Driana , Aisyah Aliya Nur
Published: November 2021

The aimed of this study was to analyze the management of Boonpring Ecotourism by Village Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) in order to increase income of the village (PADes). This study uses a case study design with a qualitative descriptive method. Qualitative data obtained by conducting in depth interviews, observations and documentation. The informants in this study were the Head of village, the Head of BUMDes, staff and community. Data reduction, data presentation, trianggulation and conclusion are data analysis  used in this study. The results of the study stated that the management of Boonpring Ecotourism had been carried out well by the Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) of Sanan Kerto in accordance with the cooperative, participatory, transparent, accountable, and sustainable principles. Good management of Boonpring Ecotourism is expected to increase Income of village in a sustainable manner by exploring the potential of villages through the tourism sector even though there are obstacles in the application of participatory principles, namely the quality of Human Resources (HR) that need to be trained.Keywords: Management Principles; tourismp; BUMDes; Income of Village. AbstrakTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengelolaan Ekowisata Boonpring oleh Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDes) dalam rangka meningkatkan pendapatan desa (PADes). Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi kasus dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data kualitatif diperoleh dengan melakukan wawancara secara mendalam, observasi dan dokumentasi. Informan dalam penelitian ini adalah Kepala Desa, kepala BUMDes, karyawan, dan masyarakat. Reduksi data, penyajian data, trianggulasi dan penarikan kesimpulan merupakan analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menyatakan pengelolaan Ekowisata Boonpring sudah dilakukan dengan baik oleh Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDes) Sanan kerto sesuai dengan prinsip kooperatif, partisipatif, emansipatif, transparan, akuntable, dan sustainable. Pengelolaan Ekowisata Boonpring yang baik diharapkan dapat meningkatkan Pendapatan Asli Desa secara berkelanjutan dengan menggali potensi desa melalui sektor pariwisata walaupun ada kendala dalam penerapan prinsip partisipatif yaitu kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) yang perlu dilatih.Kata Kunci: Prinsip Pengelolaan, wisata, BUMDes, PADes.
XIX. YÜZYILDA LİVANE KAZASI HALKININ YURTLUK-OCAKLIK MAAŞLARI HAKKINDAKİ TALEPLERİ
Authors: YÜCETÜRK Zemzem
Published: November 2021

Osmanlı Devleti’nde “Hükümet”, “Klasik” ve “Yurtluk-ocaklık” adı verilen sancaklar bulunmaktaydı. Bu sancaklardan “Yurtluk-ocaklık” sancaklar daha çok Doğu ve Güneydoğu Anadolu’da, bu bölgelerin fethi sırasında hizmetleri görülen hanedanlara verilmiştir. Ancak söz konusu kişiler toprakların resmî sahibi değillerdi. Bu nedenle bu toprakları satamaz, bağışlayamaz, vakfedemezlerdi. Toprakların karşılığı olarak devlete itaatkâr bir şekilde hizmet etmek durumundaydılar. Tanzimat Dönemi’nde yurtluk-ocaklık sancaklar hazineye geçirilince toprak sahiplerine belirli şartlarda maaş bağlanmıştır. Dönemle ilgili belgelerden Livane Kazası’nda yurtluk-ocaklık olarak tasarruf edilen toprakların bulunduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Livane Kazası’nın bağlı olduğu Çıldır Eyaleti’nde yurtluk-ocaklık sancaklar 1851-1852 yılında hazinece idare edilmeye başlanmıştır. Livane Kazası halkına da bu topraklar karşılığı maaş bağlanmış olup, bu kişiler öldüğünde söz konusu maaşlar kişilerin oğullarına, torunlarına ve kardeşlerine geçmiştir. Maaşların taksiminde miras kaidesi uygulanmıştır. İlk başta maaşlar kişilerin erkek çocuklarına intikal ettirilirken daha sonra kız çocuklarına da maaş bağlanmıştır. Devlet maaş bağladığı kişilerin Osmanlı vatandaşı olmasına önem vermiştir. Erkekler de eşleri veya çocukları öldüğünde söz konusu maaşların kendilerine tahsis edilmesini istemişlerdir.
İNGİLİZ BELGELERİNDE ASKERİ KONTROL SUBAYI YÜZBAŞI FORBES’UN TUTUKLANMASI
Authors: KADER Merve Doğan
Published: November 2021

30 Ekim 1918 tarihli Mondros Ateşkes Antlaşması’yla Birinci Dünya Savaşı’ndan çekilen Osmanlı Devleti’nde, ateşkesi müteakip, İtilaf Devletleri’nin işgalleri görülmüştür. Bunlardan birisi de İngiltere’nin, Samsun ve çevresindeki asayişsizliği sebep göstererek, Samsun ve Merzifon’u işgalidir. Askeri birliklerden başka bölgeye gelen Kontrol Subayları ise çevredeki durumları rapor olarak, İstanbul’daki İngiliz Yüksek Komiserliği’ne göndermişlerdir. İşgallere karşı başlayan milli teşkilatlanmanın Mustafa Kemal Paşa önderliğinde büyümesinden tedirgin olan İtilaf Devletleri, İstanbul’u 16 Mart 1920’de işgal etmiştir. Milli cepheden İstanbul’un işgaline karşı gelen tepkilerden bir tanesi de, bizzat Mustafa Kemal Paşa tarafından gönderilen emirle, ülkedeki İtilaf subaylarının tutuklanmasıdır. Bu emirle Amasya’da tutuklanan İngiliz subaylarından birisi de Samsun’daki İngiliz Askeri Kontrol Subayı Yüzbaşı Forbes’tur. Bu çalışmada Samsun’daki Askeri Kontrol Subayı Yüzbaşı Forbes’un tutukluluğu sürecinde yaşadıklarını aktaran raporuyla birlikte, yine Samsun’da onunla birlikte çalışan Siyasi Kontrol Subayı Yüzbaşı Perring’in bu olaya dair raporları incelenecektir.
Adenoid cystic carcinoma of nasal septum: A review of literature
Authors: Poonia Usha , Singh Jagat , Kumari Manisha , Bansal Sukriti
Published: November 2021

Adenoid cystic carcinoma(ACC) is a common salivary gland tumour which constitutes about 10% of all salivary gland malignancies and 1% of all head & neck malignancies. It is a slow growing tumour with propensity for perineural invasion., It occurs most commonly in minor salivary glands, most commonly in oral cavity. It is the third most common malignancy of paranasal sinuses with most common site being maxillary sinus followed by nasal cavity, nasopharynx and ethmoid sinus. It is most commonly seen in 4 and 5 decade with female predominance. ACC arising from nasal septum is very rare with only 10 cases published in literature. In this paper we present a case of nasal septal adenoid cystic carcinoma with review of the literature.
Comparative evaluation of efficacy of muscle relaxant, vasodilator and combined intralesional steroid with hyalaronidase use in oral submucous fibrosis
Authors: Saleem Zafar , Kumar Shivesh , Rana Amit Kumar
Published: November 2021

Oral Sub Mucous Fibrosis (OSMF) is a disease , which predominately occurs in Indians and South East Asians. It is characterised by mucosal rigidity of varying intensity due to fibroelastic changes of the juxta-epithelial layer, resulting in a progressive inability to open mouth. The main concern in the condition is the management of trismus and burning sensation of oral mucosa.

this study was conducted to compare various medical treatment protocol of OSMF, so as to arrive at definitive and effective protocol for the management of OSMF.

105 patients of OSMF attending the ENT OPD and satisfying the criteria for inclusion were enrolled for the study. The subjects were randomly divided into age sex matched into three study groups( Dexa with hyaluronidase , Oral vasodilator, Muscle relaxant) in which the relief in symptoms was noted. Lycopene was given in all patients.

Group A, patients were given intralesional injection Dexamethasone with Hyaluronidase biweekly for five weeks and marked improvement was seen in cases of pain with spicy food 13 cases (76.47%), followed by decreased in mouth opening 9 cases (56.25%). In Group B, oral vasodilator Tablet Pentoxifylline 400 mg TDS was given and showed improvement in difficulty in protruding tongue in 9 cases (60%), pain with spicy food 8 cases (50%), decreased mouth opening 6 cases (37.5%), oral ulceration 3 cases (42.85%). In Group C with muscle relaxant Tablet Myosone 50 mg BD showed improvement pain with spicy food 8 cases (42.10%), decreased mouth opening 8 cases (42.10), difficulty in swallowing 3 cases (37.5%). As there is still paramount of controversy regarding the ethology of OSMF there is no definite treatment protocol. Patients which received intralesional dexamethasone and hyaluronidase along with oral lycopene showed better clinical and symptomatic improvement in comparison to others groups, which at present appears to the best option for OSMF.
Sphenochoanal polyp
Authors: Yadav Ankita , Datta Ginni , Amarjeet
Published: November 2021

Sphenochoanal polyp are rare tumours arising from sphenoid sinus. The main presenting complain is gradually progressing nasal obstruction. Sphenochoanal polyp mimics antrochoanal polyp clinically. To differentiate it from antrochoanal polyp, diagnostic nasal endoscopy, computer tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the paranasal sinuses are the investigation of choice. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery is the line of treatment.

: A 33years old female presented with right nasal obstruction since 2 years. On Diagnostic nasal endoscopy polypoidal mass was seen partially obliterating the right nasal cavity not arising from middle meatus. CT scan showed polypoidal mass obliterating the nasal cavity, choana and Sphenoid sinus. It was completely excised by functional endoscopic surgery.

We present this rare case to highlight the use of diagnostic nasal endoscopy and Computed Tomography in the diagnosis and treatment of Sphenochoanal polyps
Desafíos operacionales y soluciones a la integración de buses eléctricos: lecciones de Cali, Colombia
Authors: Castillo Marcela , Galarza S. Sebastián , Concha Juanita , García Felipe , Lefevre Benoit , Camós Gibet , Bertossi Fanny , Cruz Moreno Paula Melisa
Published: November 2021

Los últimos cinco años han presentado un cambio importante en los procesos de renovación de las flotas de sistemas de transporte público de ALC, donde los buses eléctricos representan una opción cada vez más viable para sustituir los buses del transporte colectivo convencional. En Colombia, este proceso comenzó con la integración de 26 buses eléctricos a la flota del SITM de Cali, siendo la primera ciudad del país en contar con una flota eléctrica para sus servicios de transporte público. Uno de los casos más emblemáticos la región, es la adjudicación de más de 1.400 unidades nuevas de buses eléctricos para el sistema de transporte público de Bogotá. Esto ha permitido generar una creciente experiencia de parte de autoridades, concesionarios y otros actores del transporte público con la operación y mantenimiento de flota eléctrica y sus sistemas de carga. Al mismo tiempo, estos procesos han permitido constatar las ventajas comparativas de la tecnología respecto a las operaciones de transporte público, pero también a identificar las brechas que se deben suplir para crear las condiciones propicias para una masificación de esta tecnología en el corto y mediano plazo.
Lecciones aprendidas en la implementación de modelos de negocio para la masificación de buses eléctricos en Latinoamérica y el Caribe
Authors: Beltrán Real Óscar Mauricio
Published: November 2021

Este documento recopila los resultados, lecciones aprendidas y recomendaciones de los modelos de negocio que se han desarrollado en países de Latinoamérica para la implementación de buses eléctricos; de tal manera que sirva como guía metodológica para autoridades de transporte, empresas del sector privado y gobiernos que estén interesados en la adquisición y puesta en operación de esta tecnología.
Extraction and Characterization of Pectin from Lemon Waste for Commercial Applications
Authors: BEYECH HUNDİE Ketema , ABDİSSA Desalegn
Published: November 2021

The objective of this paper was preliminary to extract and characterization of purified pectin from lemon wastes. Dry lemon waste was extracted applying citric acid solvent or water at various concentrations under a similar condition (85 ºC for 4 h). It was found that the highest yield of pectin (20.8% dry basis) was achieved using hot water extraction with an esterification degree of 47.8%. It contained 63.2 ± 0.74% galacturonic acid, followed by 17.4 ± 0.76% total sugar. The monosaccharides found in pectin were arabinose (2.7 ± 0.20%), galactose (2.3 ± 0.01%), glucose (1.4 ± 0.09%), mannose (0.4 ± 0.01%), fructose (0.4 ± 0.05%), and xylose (0.1 ± 0.01%). The found pectin had a high atomic weight of 2060 kDa with a wide polydispersity index of 4.41, decided by high-Performance Size Exclusion Chromatography (HPSEC). The extricated lemon waste pectin was grouped into low methoxyl pectin, depends on the methoxyl content and degree of esterification affirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and rheological properties. In conclusion, the discoveries of the study show that lemon waste can be investigated as a promising elective for the commercial manufacturing of pectin.
Primeras indagaciones sobre derecho a la ciudad y espacios de vida de las personas Trans en Mar del Plata
Authors: García Fernández Federico
Published: November 2021

LLas ciudades se encuentran compuestas por tantas realidades como personas que las habitan. Sin embargo, es en las últimas décadas que desde la academia se ha comenzado a dar lugar a las disidencias en los estudios espaciales. La incorporación de la voz de la población, desde la Geografía sensible, suma a los patrones de movilidad la comprensión de las prácticas espaciales y de los sentidos que los habitantes asignan al territorio. El presente trabajo es una primera aproximación a las comunidades trans de la ciudad de Mar del Plata (Buenos Aires, Argentina) desde los sustentos de la Geografía de Género. Se propone como objetivo, identificar y comprender los espacios vividos por dicha población a través de sus prácticas espaciales y de los sentidos asignados al territorio. El trabajo de campo se ha desarrollado en dos momentos metodológicos de obtención de información de primera mano. Inicialmente, se han aplicado conversaciones con contenido, las cuales han permitido un primer acercamiento y reconocimiento de las diferentes realidades. Luego, se decidió utilizar cuestionarios virtuales, con el objetivo de acceder a la población y comprender las realidades con las que las personas conviven a diario en la ciudad. La intención de lo realizado fue reconstruir territorios cotidianos a partir del reconocimiento de la dinámica de los espacios de frecuentación de población trans, para aportar conocimiento a esta línea de investigación dentro del campo geográfico latinoamericano.
La consolidación de la política de cambio climático en la agenda de la República de India
Authors: Fouquet Aldana
Published: November 2021

En el siglo XXI, la problemática del cambio climático se presenta como uno de los retos más desafiantes para la comunidad internacional. Por una parte, una de sus mayores causas es el gran incremento de la concentración de gases de efecto invernadero (GEIs) producto de emisiones generadas por los países másdesarrollados y las potencias emergentes. Por otro lado, sus principales manifestaciones se han observado en consecuencias devastadoras en el ambientedurante el último tiempo. En India, el abordaje de esta temática fue evolucionando de acuerdo a las condiciones del contexto político interno, el cual en los años posteriores a la independencia estuvo caracterizado por el tratamiento de cuestiones estructurales en lo que hicieron a la conformación de Estado-nación, no permitiendo una gran profundización del debate respecto de las cuestiones ambientales. No obstante, la llegada al gobierno de Manmohan Singh en el año 2004, marcó el inicio de un punto de inflexión en el tratamiento, proceso que fue retomado posteriormente con la asunción de Narendra Modi en 2014, líder del Bharatiya Janata Party. En este sentido, el presente artículo se propone abordar la consolidación de la política de cambio climático de la República de India contrastando las propuestas realizadas en la materia por el país asiático tanto a nivel interno como externo desde 2004 a 2018.
La actividad física: entre la ética y la estética. Una aproximación a la luz de la concepción hipocrática
Authors: Zanor Pablo
Published: November 2021

El siguiente ensayo tiene por finalidad proponer la concepción hipocrática de la actividad física como paradigma o al menos como una orientación de la actividad física actual. El texto comienza contextualizando la actividad física hipocrática dentro del marco de la Paideia griega, es decir, dentro de una sociedad orgánica que buscaba a partir del areté una educación integral de la persona. La segunda parte se interroga sobre el significado que tiene hoy la actividad física dentro de una sociedad compleja. Aquí señalaremos la reducción de la actividad física a su dimensión estética asociada a un cuerpo bello. Finalmente, intentaremos proponer la importancia de volver a vivir la actividad física desde la óptica hipocrática para devolverle su misión educadora. Esto no significa soslayar las dimensiones estéticas que también son parte de la actividad física.
Effects of Divorce in the Happiness of Children
Authors: Maksutaj Fabjana Bakiu
Published: November 2021

This study investigates the impact that parent’s divorce has on the happiness of Albanian children in the city of Tirana. The age group was determined to be from 13 to 18 years old, because it related to adolescence, which is a difficult stage in which the child is prepared for the transition as an adult. The goal is to measure the level of happiness according to the subjective perception of the children for the time when they lived with both parents, and after that of divorce. Its achievement was accomplished by setting of such goals as: was the child happy before the divorce of the parents, is he happy after it now? Is he happy with the life he leads and would he liked to live with both parents again? If yes, what would it change in his life and would his happiness increase? Methodology involves a primary survey with the help of a structured questionnaire among 405 children from 19 public elementary and high schools in Tirana. The consequences of divorce to happiness of children are theoretically explained and give the opportunity to raise research questions in recent years. The research instrument includes questions about the level of happiness before and after parental divorce and the impact of parents‘ relationships after divorce on happiness for this segment of children. The data analyse have led to conclusions and recommendations on social policies to be followed towards this segment in the future.
Evaluación de la Calidad Pedagógica Enfocada en la Usabilidad de un Aplicativo Móvil Educativo en Estudiantes de Educación Superior Tecnológica de Ecuador
Authors: Santistevan Darío Xavier Romero , Martínez Silvania Gabriela Herrera , Zambrano Ronald Darwin Vélez , Cedeño Jhon Hennry Mendoza , Moyón Cesar Israel Mendoza
Published: November 2021

El presente estudio se enfoca en la necesidad que tienen los estudiantes como la brecha digital que les impide desarrollar un uso efectivo de herramientas tecnológicas y que las instituciones de educación superior en Ecuador deben de implementar dichas tecnologías del aprendizaje como herramientas didácticas para el fortalecimiento del conocimiento y la simulación de situaciones con apego a la realidad. Por tanto, el objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la usabilidad que tiene una aplicación móvil como herramienta para el aprendizaje por medio del análisis de descriptores: a. Pertinencia, b. Facilidad de uso, c. Personalización, d. Retroalimentación, e. Autenticidad, f. Habilidades del pensamiento, g. Trabajo colaborativo y h. Motivación, en función al desempeño pedagógico de un nuevo entorno como lo son las aplicaciones móviles. En consecuencia, se detalló una metodología con enfoque cualitativo por medio de un diseño no experimental y método inductivo basado en la descripción de las experiencias generadas por estudiantes con el aplicativo móvil de la institución. Como instrumento se seleccionó la encuesta estructurada por una escala de Likert valorada de (1-5) partiendo de “imperceptible” hasta “fuerte” en función a la aceptación de los ocho descriptores por parte de los encuestados. Por lo tanto, se planteó como población de estudio 1408 estudiantes y por medio de un muestreo probabilístico se calculó una muestra de 302. Así mismo, varios resultados pusieron a prueba las ventadas como también desventajas y dificultades que generó el aplicativo en el proceso de aprendizaje donde el 29,5 % de los estudiantes determina una motivación fuerte en el uso del aplicativo móvil, sin embargo durante el ejercicio de las clases el 59,3 % de los estudiantes han percibido frustración debido a la conectividad o al colapso del aplicativo.
Hydrolysis Optimization of Beneng Taro Tubers (Xantoshoma undipes K. Koch) as Bioethanol Raw Material
Authors: Visiamah Fenti , Simanjuntak Wasinton
Published: November 2021

This study conducted to assess the most appropriate method or hydrolysis of beneng taro tuber to optimize the production of bioethanol to investigate the effect of pHs, times, and temperatures on reducing sugar produced. The concentration of reducing sugar was determined using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer.  The result obtained indicated that the optimum amount of reducing sugar (910,875 mg/L ) achieved at pH 10, hydrolysis time of 3 hours, and the temperature of 90 °C.  Fermentation of reducing sugar using the powdered bark of raru plant produced 0,18765 % (v/v) of bioethanol and fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae produced 0,2116 % (v/v) of bioethanol.
The Study of Cotton Extraction by Using Microwave Assisted
Authors: Kusumattaqiin Fataa , Fitriyana Fitriyana , Halim Abdul , Mismawati Andi
Published: November 2021

This work aimed to learn the effect of concentration, temperature, and time of extraction toward physical appearances and also changes in lattice parameters. The failed extraction was exhibited by black, transparent, and undissolved cotton. Meanwhile, successful products were indicated by the white suspension. This research was carried out by using the microwave-assisted machine to extract the cotton. The optimum conditions were reached at 55% acid concentration, 30°C reaction temperature, varied time reaction from 1 to 15 minutes. The refinement by using Rietica’s software and Le Bail’s method showed that the extraction product in a monoclinic crystal structure. It was found the compatibility between experimental data and calculation results. The refinement references were a = 0.82 nm, b = 1.03 nm, c = 0.78 nm, α = γ = 90 º and β = 84. Lattice parameter after hydrolysis was greatly different with cotton, mainly in a.
Phytochemical Screening, Spectrum Profile of Functional Groups, and Effervescent Formulation of Kepok Banana Peels Stem Extract
Authors: Purnama Robby Candra , Primadiamanti Annisa
Published: November 2021

Kepok banana plants contain secondary metabolites such as tannins and flavonoids. Tannins and flavonoids have various properties for human health. Research has been carried out to identify secondary metabolite compounds (tannins, flavonoids, and saponins) by using the phytochemical screening method to see the functional group profile contained in the extract of kepok banana stem waste. Kepok banana stem waste was extracted in 96% ethanol, then evaporated and screened phytochemically. This extract was used to prepare effervescently. Screening results showed that tannin and flavonoids were identified by the appearance of the following color black-green and dark red, respectively. Meanwhile, saponins were negative because the foam formed had a height of 0.3 cm and did not meet the saponins' positive requirements (1-3 cm high foam and stable for 5 minutes). Identification of functional groups in the extract of kepok banana stem waste using Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that C-C stretching in the area 2927.24 cm-1, O-H stretching in the 3423.87 cm-1 area, C=O stretching in the 1648.87 cm-1 area. Also appeared bending CH2 in the region of 1421.45 cm-1, and C-C in the area of 1149.98 cm-1. The characteristics of three different formulas (A, B, and C) of effervescent have been investigated: the moisture content of 2.51%; 2.55%, and 2.52%, respectively. Then, flow rate of 8.81 g/s; 8.83 g/s; and 8.82 g/s, compressibility of 14.5%; 14.4%; and 14.5%, and a pH of 5.97; 5.98; and 5.97 respectively. All parameters are eligible.
Awareness on Traffic Rules and Safety Measures among Bachelor Level Students in Selected Colleges
Authors: GAİRE Milina , THAPA Taniya , JOSHİ Alisha
Published: November 2021

Road Traffic safety and Traffic rules refers to the methods and measures used to prevent road users from being killed or seriously injured which are found to be higher in young adults which is directly or indirectly associated with level of awareness of an individual. This study aimed to find out the awareness on traffic rules and safety measures among Bachelor level students. A descriptive cross- sectional study was conducted among randomly selected 250 bachelor level students from selected colleges of Bharatpur, Chitwan that used structured questionnaire administered by researchers for collecting the data. Obtained data were analyzed in Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 20, using descriptive and inferential statistics. The result of this study showed that more than half (59.6%) of the students had adequate level of awareness regarding traffic rules and safety measures. Statistically significant association was found between awareness regarding Traffic rules and Safety measures with sex, personal experience/involvement in RTA and educational experience or training regarding RTA/Traffic rules/Road safety measures. It is concluded that nearly half of the students have inadequate awareness regarding road traffic rules and safety measures. Awareness is the major contributing factor for RTA prevention. Hence, all the stake holders, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Health, local government bodies, various government and private colleges need to expand further awareness programmes regarding traffic rules and safety measures to prevent the morbidity and mortality due to the accidents.
DINAMIKA KELOMPOKTANI DALAM MENDUKUNG PENGEMBANGAN KLASTER KOPI DI KABUPATEN BONDOWOSO
Authors: Soejono Djoko , Zahroza Dimas Bastara
Published: November 2021

The research objective was to determine the coffee farmers’ group dynamics and the coaching partern of coffee farmers. The research area was determined purposively. Determination of research respondents was carried out by snowball sampling with a total of 54 respondents. The research was conducted descriptively. Indicators of farmer group dynamics including farmer group objectives, task functions, group coaching and development, group unity, group atmosphere, group pressure, group effectiveness, and hidden intentions. The results showed that 56.5% of respondent understood the group's objectives, 60% of respondent replied that there was a clear division of tasks in the coffee farmer groups. The selection of administrators in the group structure is based on aggrement among member group. 70.2% of respondent farmers said that groups provide information about group activities. 77.7% of respondents said that groups invite and involve their members to participate in group activities based on the abilities and skills of the members. 80.2% of respondents said that the group has a strong sense of unity. 60% of farmers feel that the conflict and pressure that occurs in the group does not disturb the atmosphere within the group because it has been managed well. 58.6% of farmers think that there is no conflict and internal competition among members of the group. 69.1% of respondents think that the goals in the group are easy to understand.

Keywords: Group dynamics, Coaching Pattern and Coffee Cluster
MODAL SOSIAL KELOMPOK TANI HUTAN SANTUSO II DALAM PENGEMBANGAN KAPULAGA DI DESA SUMBERPAKEM KECAMATAN SUMBERJAMBE KABUPATEN JEMBER
Authors: Hapsari Nadira Tri , Rokhani Rokhani
Published: November 2021

This purpose of this researchis to analyza social capital based on networks, norms and trust as in the Santuso II Forest Farmers Group in cardamom development. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method. Data collection methods used are observation, interview and documentation. The key informants were the head of the group, and the supporting informants were members of farmer groups, forestry extension agents, Sumberpakem Village secretaries and Chair of the International Association of Students in Agriculture and Related Sciences at the University of Jember. Data analysis used the Miles and Huberman method with 4 stages, namely data collection, data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results showed that networking occurs between personal, personal networks with institutions and institutional networks with institutions. The elements of norms consist of written norms and unwritten norms and beliefs that appear in the Santuso II Forest Farmer Group based on the relationship between members of the farmer group and institutions that work together with the hope that cardamom development can be positive and the existence of social interactions that enable hopes to be realized such as obligations and joint responsibility.

Keywords: network, charamon, social capital, norms, trust
Peran Koperasi Peternakan Bandung Selatan (KPBS) Pangalengan Dalam Pemberdayaan Peternak Sapi Perah (Kasus di TPK Cipanas Desa Margamukti Kecamatan Pangalengan Kabupaten Bandung Provinsi Jawa Barat)
Authors: Firdaus Fuzi Ridwan , Yunasaf Unang , Alim Syahirul
Published: November 2021

The purposes of this research were to find out the role of KPBS Pangalengan in the empowerment of dairy farmers, the empowerment of dairy farmers in TPK Cipanas, and corelation between the role of KPBS Pangalengan with the empowerment of dairy farmers in TPK Cipanas. The research method was survey with questionnaires to 30 dairy farmers. The data obtained was analyzed by spearman rank analysis. The results showed that the role of cooperatives in the empowerment of dairy farmers was in the high category (63.33%), farmer empowerment in medium category (56.67%), and the correlation between the role of KPBS Pangalengan with the empowerment of dairy farmers in TPK Cipanas showed a positive relation with rs = 0.642.

Keywords: Role of KPBS Pangalengan, Farmer Empowerment, Dairy Cows
Peran Wanita dan Relasi Gender dalam Keluarga Buruh Tani Wanita di Regu Tanam Mulyo Asri Desa Pontang Kecamatan Ambulu Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Abdillah Aulia Syifa , Puspaningrum Diah
Published: November 2021

This study aims to determine gender roles and gender relations in the family of female farm workers in the Mulyo Asri women's planting team in Pontang Village, Ambulu Sub-district, Jember District. The theory used in the research uses the theory of Gender. This study used a qualitative approach, with the method of determining informants using purposive sampling technique. Data collection techniques in this study by means of in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation study. Methods of data analysis in this study using the analysis method of Harvard and Miles and Huberman. The data validity test used technical triangulation and source triangulation testing techniques. The results of this study are the division of labor in the family of female farm workers, which includes productive activities, reproductive activities, and social activities. From an emic perspective, the participation of a wife in work is something that is normal and often happens. From an ethical perspective, there is a gender issue, namely the existence of a heavier workload experienced by the wife. The relationship that exists in the family of female farm workers is in the form of access to control over resources and benefits carried out by the family of female farm workers in Pontang Village, Ambulu Sub-district, Jember District.

Keywords: Gender Roles, Gender Relations, Farm Workers, Family
Hubungan Karakteristik Petani dengan Tingkat Adopsi Inovasi Pembuatan Bokashi dari Limbah Ternak Sapi
Authors: Rosyida Shalma Alifia , Sawitri Budi , Purnomo Dwi
Published: November 2021

This study aims to analyse the relationship between farmers characteristics and the level of adoption innovation in making bokashi fertilizer from cow waste in Cukurgondang village Grati subdistict Pasuruan regency. This study was conducted in Cukurgondang village Grati subdistict Pasuruan regency. The study’s method using survey methods with quantitative descriptive data analysis. Sample determination according Arikunto (2012) that samples are 25% from population. Determination of sample use Simple Random Sampling technique and sampling of this study are 49 people. Independent variable is farmer’s characteristics (include age, formal education, nonformal education, experience, land area and income) and the dependent variable is the adoption innovation in making bokashi fertilizer from cow waste. Data analysis using Spearman Rank correlation test to determine the relationship between farmers characteristics and the level of farmers adoption in making bokashi fertilizer from cow waste. The result showed that the level of adoption innovation in making bokashi fertilizer from cow waste in Cukurgondang village Grati subdistict Pasuruan regency is low. Farmers characteristics which have significant related to the adoption in making bokashi fertilizer from cow waste are age, formal education, nonformal education and experience.

Keywords: Adoption, Inovation, Farmer characteristics, Bokashi fertilizer