bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In this Issue
Authors: Scriven Michael
Published: April 2023

In our continuing coverage of evaluation activities around the world, at their varied levels of technical complexity, this issue brings two reports from China-one about a marshland environmental protection and recovery effort, and one about a very large effort at family support in Shanghai. On the new and important sub-area in evaluation that addresses the evaluation of scientific and technological research, we have three pieces. The editorial is a reflection on the first five issues of this journal, now totaling almost 1,000 pages, a good moment for reflection-and for your feedback on it!
Evaluation in Organizations: A Systematic Approach to Enhancing Learning, Performance, and Change
Authors: Martz Wes
Published: April 2023

The application of evaluation in organizations is a topic that various theorists, researchers, and practitioners have explored over the past several decades. Russ-Eft and Preskill took on the challenge of writing a book that attempts to convey the importance of evaluation within organizations and describe how evaluation can be used to inform decision-making for improving organizational performance. In their book, Evaluation in Organizations: A Systematic Approach to Enhancing Learning, Performance, and Change, Russ-Eft and Preskill do a wonderfully articulate job of reviewing the evolution of evaluation and describing their view of the future of evaluation within organizations.
Overall Coordination of Government-Funded Research and Development Programs in Korea
Authors: Oh Donghoon , Jun Kim Young
Published: April 2023

Given the increasing significance of government-sponsored research and development (R&D) programs in Korea, the importance of efficient and effective overall coordination of those programs based on the objective evaluation seems certain to increase. This paper introduces the overall coordination system of national R&D programs in Korea, and addresses current issues and problems encountered in the process of overall coordination. We finally propose a reform measure for the improvement of an overall coordination practice.
Collaborative Evaluations: A Step-by-Step Model for the Evaluator
Authors: Martz Wes
Published: April 2023

Review of Liliana Rodriguez-Campos's book Collaborative evaluations: A step-by-step model for the evaluator, published in 2005 by Lumina Press.
A Review of the Chinese Higher Education Evaluation Center
Authors: Pan Luo Laura , Dehai Wang
Published: April 2023

The rapid economic development in China has also brought the advancement in higher education. In 2004, the student enrollment has reached more than 20 million in 1,731 different types of institutions of higher learning. Established in August 2004, the Higher Education Evaluation Center is an administrative body under the auspices of the Chinese Ministry of Education. Its main responsibilities include organizing and conducting evaluation of baccalaureate and associate degree programs offered at different universities and colleges in China, conduct research on regulations and policies on higher education reform and provide recommendations for the decision-makers, and develop international cooperation and exchanges with other higher education evaluation/accreditation agencies from other countries as well as from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan.
On Yesbuts and Whynots
Authors: Eggers Hellmut
Published: April 2023

A poem reflecting on "Yesbuts" and "Whynots" in the evaluation practice.
Activist Evaluation
Authors: Scriven Michael
Published: April 2023

To what extent should the evaluator be an active agent in the events surrounding or incorporating or following whatever s/he is evaluating? This question comes up to haunt us in the field from time to time and it does not have an easy answer. It is part of a larger methodological question about proactive versus reactive research. The term ‘participant observer’ reminds us that even the observer’s role has been, rightly or wrongly, avoidably or unavoidably, sometimes blurred into the participant’s role. And the evaluator is often more ‘involved’ in events than the observer, because in formative evaluation, or even in summative evaluation that will be published, what the evaluator is doing will often have some direct effect on what happens thereafter.
Predictive Evaluation
Authors: Scriven Michael
Published: April 2023

There has been extensive discussion of the relation of evaluation to: (i) research; (ii) explanations (a.k.a. theory-driven, logic model, or realistic evaluation); and (iii) recommendations, from each of which it is logically distinct, although there are times when they do and should overlap in practice. Making the distinction is not a mere linguistic issue since it vitally affects practice and the whole process of learning and teaching evaluation, and responsibly providing evaluation services. It is now time to look more carefully at the ghost at the banquet, (iv) prediction.
Evaluation, Sustainable Development, and the Environment in the South Pacific
Authors: Turvey Rosario
Published: April 2023

This article outlines the Results-Based Evaluation (RBE) framework proposed for the ex-post assessment of the National Environmental Management Strategies (NEMS) in 12 small-island developing states (SIDS) in the South Pacific. It gives an overview of the methods and basis of developing an evaluation framework in the context of SIDS in the region. Framework development is a) process-based because it integrated contextual, conceptual and empirical parameters for evaluation design, and b) spatially oriented because it involved vulnerability assessment, situational analysis and workshop-based consultation in Kiribati and Samoa. It concludes that RBE has potential value in the review process for updating the environmental strategies and action plans and for measuring what has been achieved within the managerial process for sustainable development in the region.
Evaluation as a Cognitive Process
Authors: Scriven Michael
Published: April 2023

Evaluation is one of a number of so-called ‘higher order’ cognitive processes that are involved in the brain’s survival activities, including those extensions of basic coping processes (such as concept formation) that go into scientific and technological developments (like hypothesis testing). Some of these have been brought into various theories of learning and teaching. For example, in the (Benjamin) Bloom taxonomy, evaluation is listed as the intellectual activity at the top of the pyramid of skills at which teaching can be aimed. In this note, we’ll look at some of the other cognitive processes that need to be distinguished from evaluation, and look at unpacking evaluation into some component processes. Doing this will help us avoid some confusions that hamper effective evaluation work, and also provide another kind of foundation for an epistemology and logic of evaluation.
In This Issue
Authors: Coryn Chris L. S.
Published: April 2023

We are pleased to present the 8th issue of JMDE, and the second to appear using the Public Knowledge Project’s (PKP) Open Journal System (OJS). As you may have noticed, the journal’s past issues are slowly being transferred to the new system’s archives and we hope to have the move completed later this year or early next year (as well as publishing HTML versions of all of the papers that have appeared in the journal). Volumes 5, 6, and 7 are currently available in these archives and 1, 2, 3, and 4 can still be found at the journal’s previous URL: http://evaluation.wmich.edu/jmde/.
Academic Case Managers: Supporting the Educational Life of Urban Middle School Students of Poverty
Authors: Van Kannel-Ray Nancy , Lacefield Warren E. , Zeller Pamela J.
Published: April 2023

For the past eight years, Midwest Educational Research Consortium (MERC), located at Western Michigan University, received two multi-million dollar grants through a U.S. Department of Education program entitled Gaining Early Awareness and Undergraduate Programs (GEAR UP). GEAR UP is a school/university partnership using a cohort model with the goal of increasing the number of students of poverty who graduate from high school and go on to post secondary education.The MERC/GEAR UP project partners with two universities, two community colleges, and four school districts in Michigan and Ohio.
The OECD/DAC Criteria for International Development Evaluations: An Assessment and Ideas for Improvement
Authors: Chianca Thomaz
Published: April 2023

The five evaluation criteria from the Development Assistance Committee of the Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD/DAC) have been a strong foundation for international development evaluation since 1991. They have been the most prominent and widely adopted criteria used for aid evaluation by most bilateral and multilateral donor agencies, as well as international non-governmental organizations (INGOs). However, critiques of the quality of development aid evaluation are still abundant. Thus, it is reasonable to question how those criteria can be improved. This paper provides a critical look at the five DAC criteria and proposes major recommendations for changes, including revisions of definitions, addition of key missing criteria, and discussions about the level of importance of the criteria. If followed, these changes could contribute for increasing the quality of evaluations for the purposes of (re)funding, program changes, and other decision options.
Analyzing an Active Labor Market Program in Germany: A Regional Approach
Authors: Stegmann Tim
Published: April 2023

The Institute for Work, Skills and Training was assigned to evaluate a labor market program aimed at the integration of long-term unemployed individuals aged 50 or older. The integration should have been achieved not only by training and coaching of individuals, but also by building regional networks between labor market stakeholders within a region. To appraise the success of the action undertaken on the regional level in the sense of causal effects, an observational study was used. The experimental- and control-groups were built using propensity score matching. The matching was done using not individual-level data, but data on the regional level because of missing individual data and the aims of the program. The mean growth of the number of employees subject to social insurance contributions over time was chosen as the outcome of the program. The findings are that observational studies are suitable to estimate the causal effects of active labor market programs on the regional (macro) level if individual data are missing or if the aims of the program cannot be observed on the individual level.
The Contribution of Metaevaluation to Program Evaluation: Proposition of a Model
Authors: Hedler Helga , Ribeiro Namara G.
Published: April 2023

Background: This theoretical article points to the fundamental difference between meta-analysis and metaevaluation. A model of metaevaluation for social programs is presented based on prior practical research.
Purpose: The purpose is to present a model for metaevaluation as a tool that can be used in other studies. Theory points to the need of a qualitative framework to go beyond the understanding of meta-analysis for program evaluation.
Setting: This theoretical article is based on an empirical research conducted at a Brazilian Governmental audit agency.
Subjects: The Government agency where the practical research was conducted is responsible for the effectiveness and accountability of social programs through audits that occurred from 2003 to 2006.
Intervention: Meetings and interviews were held with auditors that participated in the evaluation process going from planning to final reports as the model proposes
 Research Design: The model for metaevaluation has a qualitative approach used to evaluate prior evaluations for social programs.
Data Collection and Analysis:  Data collection included structured interview with the chief manager of the agency in charge of evaluating governmental programs. Documents and reports were analyzed using qualitative method for content analysis. Synthesis of categories was applied to compare different analysis and summarize findings.
Findings: Metaevaluation and meta-analysis are different research methods with a different approach. Meta evaluation is a qualitative method useful when evaluating prior evaluations.  Yet the quantitative approach of meta-analysis applies better for first evaluations. Meta evaluation may include other methods to help strengthen the evaluation results.
Conclusions: Metaevaluation aligns theory and practice for program evaluation. The proposed model for metaevaluation may hold value for future theoretical and empirical work.
The Effects of Professional Development in Formative Assessment on Mathematics Teaching Performance and Student Achievement
Authors: McGatha Maggie B. , Bush William S. , Rakes Christopher
Published: April 2023

This article describes a year-long professional development program on formative assessment for middle school mathematics teachers and its impact on teachers’ use of formative assessment during instruction. The focus of the program was to support teachers in (a) embedding formative assessments into their instruction, (b) interpreting student responses and performance on formative assessments, (c) using effective questioning strategies and peer assessment, and (d) identifying student errors and misconceptions and implementing instructional strategies to address them. Teacher and student performance data were collected on participating teachers, control teachers, and their students during the year-long professional development. The professional development had an impact on teachers’ cognitive level of questioning, use of peer assessment, and types of questioning strategies. Results of student performance data revealed differences in performance on some types of items among students of participating teachers and control teachers.
An Evaluation Use Framework and Empirical Assessment
Authors: Peck Laura R , Gorzalski Lindsey M
Published: April 2023

Background: Research on evaluation use focuses on putting evaluation recommendations into practice. Prior theoretical research proposes varied frameworks for understanding the use (or lack) of program evaluation results.
Purpose: Our purpose is to create and test a single, integrated framework for understanding evaluation use. This article relies on prior theoretical research regarding categories of utilization, typologies of recommendations, and factors affecting utilization to frame an empirical study of evaluation use that then tests the integrated theory.
Setting: The empirical part of the article draws on post- evaluation interviews with sixteen agencies that have engaged in evaluation research.
Subjects: The agencies are mostly local non-profits, but the sample also includes a state agency, a city agency, and two university-community partnerships. All agencies had undergone a program evaluation between 2003 and 2006.
Intervention: Having participated in an evaluation is the main “intervention” of interest in this article, in which we consider the relationship between evaluation use theory and empirical evidence on the topic.
Research Design: A qualitative approach, our research design involved examining each of the sixteen agencies within two years of their having been evaluated.
Data Collection and Analysis: Data collection included structured in-person interviews with at least one key informant in each agency. In addition, a short, closed- ended survey was administered to research participants. Interview data were analyzed using content analysis of themes and grouping agencies according to their evaluation’s outcomes (favorable or not) and experiences. Survey data were analyzed with simple descriptive statistics and similarly involved a subgroup analysis, according to agencies’ reported use of evaluation.

Findings: Most evaluation use is conceptual, and few agencies studied actually implemented specific evaluation recommendations. Agencies perceived recommendations as changes to rules and structure, which theory and prior research suggest suppresses use. An important human factor that influenced evaluation use was minimal post- evaluation interaction with evaluators. Some long-term influence of the evaluation is evident, but only as conceptual and not as instrumental. In fact, very little instrumental use existed in this empirical assessment.
Conclusions: Evidence suggests that evaluation use in practice aligns with theory, specifically emphasizing the conceptual use dimension. The proposed integrated model of prior evaluation use theories may hold value for future theoretical and empirical work.
In This Issue
Authors: Engelman Jonathan A. , Noakes Lindsay A.
Published: April 2023

This issue of JMDE centers around a grant-funded project currently being conducted by The Evaluation Center, the Mallinson Institute for Science Education, and Mathematics Education at Western Michigan University. This project focuses on Assessment for Learning (AfL). Our editorial in this issue is brought to us by Paul Black, Emeritus Professor of Science Education at King’s College in London, England.
From Frequent Testing to Interactive Dialogue: Diversity and Challenge
Authors: Black Paul
Published: April 2023

The articles assembled in this special issue reflect very faithfully the diversity in what is now a rich field of development. But because they do this, they also highlight a problem: what it is about this topic that leads to the contributors describing such a diverse range of approaches to the practices of formative assessment?
Inclusiveness and Social Justice in Evaluation: Can the Transformative Agenda Really Alter the Status Quo? A Conversation with Donna M. Mertens
Authors: Tarsilla Michele
Published: April 2023

Background: Evaluation is sometimes viewed as a professional practice rather than a discipline corresponding to a well defined set of theories. However, Shadish, Cook and Leviton (1991) were able to demonstrate that evaluators’ work does have theoretical foundations. In particular, the authors identified five main elements for evaluation theory and described the contribution made to each of them by seven of the most influential scholars in the field over the last five decades.   Purpose: This paper intends to further the discussion on evaluation theory, by examining some of the contributions made by Donna Mertens. The main focus of the paper is on her innovative ideas on each of the five main elements of evaluation theory.   Setting: Not applicable.   Subjects: Not applicable.   Research Design: Not applicable.   Data Collection and Analysis: The paper is the result of both a desk review of her work on transformative evaluation, inclusiveness, and social justice, and a phone interview with her. For the sake of accuracy, the text of the interview and the corresponding analysis were submitted to Mertens for review prior to publication. Findings: The author demonstrates how Mertens has incorporated the five principles into her own work and practice. According to Mertens, evaluators need first to be cognizant of the plurality of values held by the communities where they work and second to let those very same values guide the design, implementation, and use of evaluation. Based on her belief that knowledge is not neutral but is influenced by human interests, Mertens calls upon evaluators to play a more active role in the construction of new and “socially compensatory” knowledge. In doing so, Mertens particularly stresses how evaluation practice could address and challenge the social, cultural and economic inequities perpetuated by the status quo.   Conclusions: Pursuing inclusiveness and social justice in evaluation is possible. Transformative evaluation is capable of altering the status quo. Transformative evaluation is instrumental in bringing about not only social change but also social transformation. This article also shows that the debate on evaluation’s main theoretical foundations is still relevant. Such theoretical categories are especially beneficial in that provide common ground for understanding.   Keywords: transformative evaluation, social justice, cultural competence, inclusiveness, valuing, social programming, knowledge, practice, use
Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions
Authors: Tarsilla Michele
Published: April 2023

"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions" edited by Julian P.T. Higgins & Sally Green, 2008
Meta-Evaluation
Authors: Stufflebeam Daniel L.
Published: April 2023

Originally published as Paper #3, Occasional Paper Series, December, 1974
Story Telling and Educational Understanding*
Authors: Denny Terry
Published: April 2023

Originally published as Paper #12, Occasional Paper Series, November, 1978
Introduction to the Occasional Paper Series
Authors: Wingate Lori A.
Published: April 2023

Introduces the Occasional Paper Series, provides its history, and explains the importance of the series to the history of evaluation.
A Possible New Role in the Evaluation Process
Authors: Scriven Michael
Published: April 2023

The usual players in the ‘evaluation game’ might be listed as below. I think this list is a bit more extensive than any I've seen before but if you think of something I’ve missed, please tell me (mjscriv1@gmail.com) or write a response for our comments department at jmde.com. To this cast I’m going to add one more role, which I'll call the Evaluation Advisor, defined below. People have served in this role, but I do not know of any discussion of it, especially the particular version of it described here.
An In-Depth International Comparison of Major Donor Agencies: How Do They Systematically Conduct Country Program Evaluation?
Authors: Sasaki Ryo
Published: April 2023

Background: This paper presents an in-depth international comparison of systems and procedures of aid evaluation, focusing on Country Program Evaluation among major donor agencies. The original client of this study is Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Japan (MOFAJ).   Purpose: The purposes of this paper are set as follows: (1) to understand how aid agencies conduct Country Program Evaluation; and (2) to make recommendations for improvement of the current practice of Country Program Evaluation in the aid evaluation community.   Setting: The examined donors include: the World Bank (WB), the Asian Development Bank (ADB), the Inter-American Development Bank (IADB), the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), the U.S. (USAID), Canada (CIDA), the U.K. (DFID), the Netherlands (IOB), Germany (BMZ), France (Foreign Ministry), and Japan (Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFAJ)). In addition, aid agencies conducting respective project evaluation are also examined, and they are JICA (Japan), GTZ and KfW (Germany) and AFD (France). Intervention: This study presents the result of comparative analysis among those donor agencies in terms of the following viewpoints: (1) evaluation criteria employed; (2) approaches to evaluate “effectiveness” and “impact”; (3) attribution issue; (4) the use of a rating system;  and (5) overall evaluative conclusion and integrating methods. All viewpoints are focusing on Country Program Evaluation. One conclusion is that most agencies have been struggling with how to judge the degree and value of their country programs.   Data Collection and Analysis: Mixed methodologies were employed to collect data from the said donor agencies. The analysis was conducted by a systematic procedure consisting of: (i) summarizing information in a comparative table; (ii) trying to make groups/categories based on common characteristics if possible; and (iii) examining and concluding basic thoughts/philosophy which make their differences.   Findings: This study made some new knowledge about how aid agencies conduct Country Program Evaluation and identified several issues remained. Varieties of their practices are observed and it is far from the unified methods agreed. Some remarkable points identified in this study are:(1) Most aid agencies invoke the DAC five evaluation criteria for Country Program Evaluation. (Major exception was USAID); (2) “Strategic relevance” and “coherence/complementarity” are the emerging new criteria; (3) Attribution is still the issue that aid agencies have struggled; and (4) The attitude for introduction of rating system is clearly divided among aid agencies.
Examining the Relationship between Community Participation and Program Outcomes in a Metaevaluation
Authors: Nkwake Apollo M
Published: April 2023

Background: The salience of stakeholder participation in community development is not disputed. However, there is a paucity of evidence that clearly links participation with program outcomes.   Purpose: We examined the link between participation and program outcomes. Setting: The article discusses data collated from World Vision (WV) program evaluations. WV is a faith based, grass-root community engaging, child focused relief and development organization that works in close to 100 countries to improve and sustain child well-being. Community participation is very central to WV’s program.   Intervention: 92 community development programs evaluated between 2005 and 2010.   Research Design: We used a metaevaluation design (Meta-analysis Summaries [DeCoster, 2004]), which involves identifying the prevalence of certain effects (such as child well-being outcomes) and the strengths of relationships among those effects and certain explanatory variables (such as community participation). Data Collection and Analysis: A document review tool comprising 327 variables was used to review program design documents and evaluation reports. Each review item generated a score whenever a positive response was checked. The maximum possible score for a program was 200. These scores were used to measure correlations among major variables of participation and program outcomes. After the program documents were reviewed, the data was then manually entered into PASW statistics for analysis.   Findings: Programs that mostly used empowering approaches engaging a higher level of stakeholder participation were more than fifteen times more likely to exhibit improvements in child health, community health, education, and protection outcomes than those that which used direct service delivery (give a fish) approaches engaging less stakeholder participation. Also, participation of vulnerable groups like children and women had a stronger relationship with program outcomes than other forms of participation that did not involve vulnerable groups. Keywords: community participation; program outcomes; metaevaluation
Descriptive, but not Injunctive, Normative Appeals Increase Response Rates In Web-based Surveys
Authors: Misra Shalini , Stokols Daniel , Marino Anne Heberger
Published: April 2023

Background: In an earlier experiment Misra, Stokols, & Marino (2012) found that participants who received a descriptive normative prompt in the message requesting them to complete an online survey were more likely to comply with the request compared to participants who did not receive any normative prompts. Purpose: Building on that earlier study, the present field experiment compared the separate and additive effects of descriptive and injunctive norm- based persuasive messages on response rates of online surveys. We also investigate the influence of email reminders on response rates. Intervention: Participants in an interdisciplinary conference were assigned to one of four groups. The three experimental groups received one of the following messages asking them to complete an online survey that highlighted: (1) a descriptive social norm indicating typical response rates among attendees of prior similar conferences; (2) an injunctive norm appealing them to join fellow participants in completing the survey; or (3) both social norms. The control group received a generic request to complete the online survey without any norm-based appeals. Research Design: This study used an experimental design which afforded a within subjects replication of participants’ assignment to each of two treatment groups and the control prompts for two successive surveys.Data Collection and Analysis: One hundred and twenty nine conference participants were requested to complete an online questionnaire about their experiences of an interdisciplinary conference in Fall 2011, immediately following the conference (Time 1) and then three months later (Time 2). At both time points, participants were given three weeks to complete the online surveys. For both time points, participants who had not completed the survey one week after they were sent the initial request to complete the survey received an e-mail reminder. One week after the first email reminder, participants who had still not answered the survey were sent a second email reminder. Once the online surveys were closed at both time points, response rates were calculated. To evaluate the differences in response rates among the various treatment and control groups at both time points, we conducted one-tailed z-tests for proportions to ascertain the z-scores. Findings: Participants receiving a message highlighting the descriptive social norm when asked to complete an online survey were more likely to comply with the request compared to all the other groups. Additionally, one and two email reminders were found to be effective in improving response rates of online surveys.Keywords: response rate; online surveys; norm-based persuasive messages; descriptive norm; injunctive norm; research on evaluation
How Micro-Cultures of Evaluation Practice Shape Evaluation Design
Authors: Smith Nick L
Published: April 2023

Background: Not applicable. Purpose: To consider how employment settings influence evaluation design. Setting: International conference on culturally responsive evaluation. Intervention: Not applicable. Research Design: Not applicable. Data Collection and Analysis: Not applicable. Findings: Not applicable.Keywords: evaluation design; culture; contextual influences
Factores de Riesgos en la Violencia de Género e Intrafamiliar en la Parroquia La Pila del Cantón Montecristi
Authors: Pilozo Byron , Cedeño Magaly
Published: April 2023

La violencia de genero e intrafamiliar al pasar del tiempo se ha convertido en un fenómeno social sobre el cual se han detectado múltiples factores de riesgos entre los que se reconocen un trato desigual hacia el género femenino, discriminación e irrespeto por parte de los hombres, las familias y las sociedades que históricamente y aún en tiempo presente siguen aferradas a patrones culturales paternalistas. Producto de la complejidad del estudio abordado, se procedió a desarrollar con el objetivo de analizar los factores de riesgos en la violencia de género e intrafamiliar en la parroquia La Pila del cantón Montecristi. La metodología de investigación fue aplicada desde un enfoque cuantitativo, con un alcance descriptivo, realizado bajo un diseño no experimental, con un tipo de investigación de campo y corte transversal. Se trabajo con una muestra representativa de 357 mujeres habitantes de las comunidades de La Parroquia La Pila, a quienes se les aplicó la técnica de la encuesta con el instrumento WAST. En los resultados obtenidos, se encontró que el 29,9% de las mujeres encuestadas señaló haber sido víctima de insulta, humillaciones y descalificaciones verbales por parte de sus parejas. Además, el 8,1% expresó que muchas veces las discusiones terminan en golpes, patadas o empujones con sus parejas, seguido de un 29,4% que a veces experimentan la realidad descrita. En conclusión, la violencia de género e intrafamiliar representa un fenómeno social que, a pesar de ser detectado por las instituciones públicas, el Estados y la misma sociedad, sigue en aumento.
REEVALUATION DE L'EFFICACITE D'UN CONTROLE GLYCEMIQUE INTENSIF SUR LES COMPLICATIONS MICROVASCULAIRES DES PATIENTS ATTEINTS DE DIABETES DE TYPE 2 : UNE META-ANALYSE D'ESSAIS COMPARATIFS RANDOMISES
Authors: BERKHOUT C
Published: April 2023

Sun S, Hisland L, Grenet G, et al. Therapie 2022;77:413‑23. Les recommandations actuelles pour le traitement du diabète de type 2 sont de maintenir le taux d’hémoglobine glyquée A1c (HbA1c) en dessous de 7 % (53 mmol/mol). Dans l’étude observationnelle UKPDS 35, Stratton avait démontré qu’une réduction de 1 % de l’HbA1c était associée à une réduction des complications microvasculaires de 37 %, mais aucune étude réalisée ultérieurement n’avait pu retrouver les mêmes résultats1. Dans les méta-analyses qui ont suivi, les associations entre abaissement de la glycémie et réduction des complications microvasculaires étaient discordantes, selon le choix des études incluses et celui des critères cliniques retenus...
VALIDATION TRANSCULTURELLE D'UN QUESTIONNAIRE EVALUANT LE STRESS LIE AU DIABETE EN ARABE DIALECTAL TUNISIEN
Authors: ABDELHAFFAR W , NCIBI W , FAKHFAKH R
Published: April 2023

Introduction. Le diabète provoque une réaction émotionnelle négative, appelée « stress lié au diabète », liée au fardeau de vivre avec une maladie chronique. Selon la littérature, les niveaux élevés de stress sont associés à une mauvaise observance et à un mauvais équilibre diabétique. Plusieurs sociétés savantes recommandent de dépister ce stress régulièrement à l’aide d’échelles valides. Il n’existe pas d’échelle validée en Tunisie évaluant cette entité. Objectif. Réaliser une validation transculturelle de l’échelle Problem areas in diabetes 5 (PAID-5) en Tunisie. Méthode. Étude de validation transculturelle. Cent patients atteints de diabète de type 2, consultant une structure publique de première ligne en Tunisie, ont été inclus. La validation incluait : traduction et rétrotraduction, vérification de la validité d’apparence, de contenu, de fiabilité et de construit. Le validateur externe utilisé était la Depression anxiety stress scale (DASS). Résultats. La validité d’apparence et de contenu de la PAID-5 était adéquate. La PAID-5 avait une consistance interne satisfaisante, avec un coefficient alpha de Cronbach à 0,92. Les corrélations inter-items étaient positives, variant de 0,64 à 0,78. Cette étude a démontré la stabilité temporelle de l’échelle avec un coefficient de corrélation infraclasses à 0,79. L’analyse en composantes principales a montré que la PAID-5 était composée d’une seule dimension, avec une valeur propre initiale de 3,86 expliquant à elle seule 77,2 % de la variance. La validité de la structure externe a été vérifiée. Conclusion. L’échelle PAID-5 a les qualités psychométriques requises pour être utilisée dans le contexte socioculturel tunisien.
Reading-Aloud to Children: A Cautionary Tale with Recommendations for Success
Authors: Bintz William
Published: April 2023

This article advocates and promotes the practice of reading aloud to children, adults, and everybody in between, by parents, siblings, teachers, librarians, and guardians throughout the world. At the same time, it article presents a cautionary tale about reading aloud. The tale is based on an instance of one guest reader who read aloud a picturebook to children at a public reading session sponsored by Scholastic. Author experiences with and personal reflections on this session describes several cautions to adults (teachers, administrators, parents, grandparents, and guardians) that reading aloud to children is not a simple activity, but a complex art. A brief review of research on reading aloud is presented, highlighting four major categories: reading aloud picturebooks, reading aloud picturebooks across the curriculum, reading aloud picturebooks to older readers, and reading aloud to English Language Learners. A variety of recommended texts and instructional strategies for reading aloud to children are presented and some final thoughts described.
PHILIPPINE GUIDELINES ON PERIODIC HEALTH EXAMINATION: PEDIATRIC IMMUNIZATION
Authors: Reyes-Pagcatipunan Marimel , Madrid Mary Antonette , Borja-Tabora Charissa Fay Corazon , Tan-Lim Carol Stephanie , Cabaluna Ian Theodore , Balmeo Reginald
Published: April 2023

This Clinical Practice Guideline for the Periodic Health Examination (Pediatric Immunization) is an output from the joint undertaking of the Department of Health and National Institutes of Health-Institute of Clinical Epidemiology. This clinical practice guideline is a systematic synthesis of scientific evidence on immunization for the prevention of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection, influenza, typhoid fever, Japanese encephalitis, poliomyelitis, meningococcal infection, and Hepatitis A in the pediatric population. The CPG provides nine (9) recommendations on prioritized questions regarding the relevant vaccines for preventing these seven (7) diseases. Recommendations are based on the appraisal of the best available evidence on each of the eight identified clinical questions. The CPG is intended to be used by general practitioners and specialists in the primary care setting, policy makers, employers and administrators, allied health practitioners and even patients. The guideline development process followed the widely accepted Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation or the GRADE approach including GRADE Adolopment, a systematic process of adapting evidence summaries and the GRADE Evidence to Decision (EtD) framework. , It includes 1) identification of critical questions and critical outcomes, 2) retrieval of current evidence, 3) assessment and synthesis of the evidence base for these critical questions, 4) formulation of draft recommendations, 5) convening of a multi­sectoral stakeholder panel to discuss values and preferences and assess the strength of the recommendations, and 6) planning for dissemination, implementation, impact evaluation and updating. The recommendations in this CPG shall hold and will be updated after 3 years or when new evidence arise.
Development of a training program in the special preparation period phase to improve (accuracy and speed) bowling skills in women criket athletes
Authors: Anwar Nur Indah Atifah , Sumaryanto  , Prasetyo Yudik , Susanto
Published: April 2023

Introduction. Good physical condition has many advantages, including athletes can and easily learn new skills that are relatively difficult, not get tired easily in participating in training and matches better. Purpose. This study was to intervene during the special preparation phase to improve the accuracy and speed of bowling skills in female cricket athletes. Materials and Methods. Preparation of a Special Preparation Stage Training Program to Improve Bowling Skills (Accuracy and Speed) for Female Cricket Athletes of South Sulawesi with a sample of 15 people. This type of research is a quantitative descriptive research. Data analysis used SPSS 21 software with descriptive tests, normality tests and hypothesis tests. Results. The results of the analysis of the effect of accuracy training variables on female cricket athletes obtained an average pretest accuracy value of 54.87 and a posttest accuracy value of 58.00 with a sig value of 0.000. The speed training program for female cricket athletes obtained an average pre-test speed value of 14.3373 and a post-test speed value of 13.2380, with a sig value of 0.000 and a difference of 1.0993 was obtained, so there was an increase in the speed training program, the average value -the average pre test bowling skill was 16.20 and the post test bowling skills score was 18.60, with a sig score of 0.000. and obtained a difference of 2,400. Conclusion. Based on the results of the data and discussion of this study, it can be concluded that the Development of a Special Preparatory Stage Training Program to Improve Bowling Skills (Accuracy and Speed) in Female Cricket Athletes.
The level of parents' knowledge about body posture defects in early school age children
Authors: Weber-Nowakowska Katarzyna , Niewiarowska Weronika , Kulik Anita , Gębska Magdalena , Chilman Agata , Kołodziej Łukasz
Published: April 2023

Objective. The main objective of the study is to assess the knowledge of parents/guardians about body posture defects in children at early school age. During the study, additional objectives were set regarding the determination of the level of parents’ knowledge in selected topics. These topics concerned the type of body posture defects in children, factors influencing their formation, as well as determining the knowledge of parents in the use of preventive measures.
Material and methods. The study group consisted of 300 parents of children at early school age. The study was conducted on the basis of an original, anonymous questionnaire consisting of 24 questions. Respondents provided answers to questions concerning, among others, the source of obtaining information on posture defects, knowledge of individual posture defects and methods of prevention.
Results. The study showed that people living in larger towns/cities and having higher education have a wider range of knowledge in the field of body posture defects. In addition, respondents with higher education know and use posture defect prevention methods much more often than people with lower education. According to the respondents, wearing a backpack on one shoulder is one of the most common causes of posture defects. Parents who do not know whether their child has a posture defect relatively rarely use preventive methods.
The impact of central stabilization exercises and classical massage on the quality of life of people suffering from cervical spine pain
Authors: Leszczyńska Agnieszka , Sitek Ada , Przedborska Agnieszka , Świątczak Marcin , Kilon Małgorzata , Glibov Katarzyna
Published: April 2023

Introduction. Pain in the cervical spine affects about 22-70% of the population and the incidence of pain increases with age. Out of different types of therapies, most patients prefer a massage aimed at normalizing muscle tension and reducing pain. However, a comprehensive approach to a patient according to the Kinetic Control concept allows for the assessment of uncontrolled motion and enables the analysis of motion and its function. The assessment of motor errors as well as the re-education of muscle function is an important element in improving the range of motion and reducing pain in the cervical part of the spine.
Aim. Assessment of the impact of classical massage and central stabilization exercises on the quality of life of people with cervical spine pain.
Material and methods. The study covered 40 people (62,5% women, 37,5% men) aged 20 – 70 year who suffered from pain in the cervical spine. Two groups of 20 were formed. Group I was subjected to a series of classical massage, Group II performed exercises of central stabilization. The impact of both therapies was assessed by means of: the author's own survey, the VAS scale, the NDI-PL form, and the measurement of the range of motion in the cervical spine. Quality of life was assessed using a 100-degree scale.
Results. VAS and NDI scores in both groups are significantly lower after treatment (p < 0,01), but it cannot be concluded that one form of therapy has had a better effect. The range of spine motion which was evaluated in the cervical segment significantly increased (p < 0,01) in both groups. It was noted that in terms of extension, central stabilization exercises proved to be more effective - the scope of extension increased on average by 1,3 units after exercises, whereas after massages only by 0,7 units (p = 0,045). Both therapies demonstrated effectiveness in the domain of general health (p = 0,54) – both massages and exercises (p = 0,01) brought patients a significant improvement.
Conclusions. Both therapies are effective in fighting cervical spine pain, however, better results were obtained in the group performing central stabilization exercises. The quality of life increased significantly in both groups of patients.
Assessment of the body posture of junior high school students in the context of their physical activity
Authors: Gołdyn-Pastuszka Marta , Dorosz Marzena , Szczegielniak Anna , Bogacz Katarzyna , Łuniewski Jacek , Szczegielniak Jan
Published: April 2023

Introduction. Posture defects constitute a social problem and can cause negative changes in many aspects of our lives – in both physical and mental health. Prophylaxis and an appropriate degree of physical activity, which affects harmonious development, are very important here. Objective. The objective of the study was to assess the body posture of junior high school students and to determine the degree of their physical activity, and then to check whether there is a correlation between them. The study group consisted of 53 people from a junior high school in Wrocław, aged 14 to 17. Material and methods. To assess physical activity, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used, which contains 7 questions regarding activity in the last 7 days. Body posture in the sagittal plane was examined using photogrammetry, and typology classification was based on Wolański’s method modified according to Zeyland-Malawka. Results. The results of the study were subjected to a statistical analysis, which shows that the studied group of adolescents is mostly characterized by a kyphotic type of body posture, while the least common is the balanced type. The level of physical activity of the study group can be described as sufficient, but it is worth noting that only 6% of the respondents are characterized by an insufficient level of physical activity, and only 7.5% are characterized by a high level of physical activity. Conclusions. In further analyses, it was examined whether there is a correlation between body posture and physical activity. It was found that there are no statistically significant differences between these two features in the study group.
The effectiveness of swimming therapy methods on gros motor ability in autistic children
Authors: Sudirman Ridwan , Arini Ira , Suganda Mikkey Anggara
Published: April 2023

This study aims to apply the swimming therapy method in improving gross motor skills of autistic children. Therapy basically needs to be given to build a better condition. Therapy must also be carried out routinely so that what is lacking in children can be fulfilled gradually. Data collection was carried out by observation and performance tests. In the swimming pool, therapy activities are held twice a week. Barriers experienced by children are the child's gross motor skills that are lacking, so that the ability to balance and activities that require gross motor skills is not optimal. The reason for conducting this research is because children experience obstacles when carrying out activities that require gross motor skills, so a swimming therapy method is needed that suits the needs of autistic children. The research method used was an experiment with Single Subject Research (SSR) using an ABA design. The research findings showed that the application of the swimming therapy method had an effect on increasing gross motor skills in one of the autistic children. This increase was evident from the increase in the mean level from the baseline-1 phase (A1), which was 33%, to the intervention phase (B), which was 52.5% to the baseline-2 phase (A2) which is 81%. It is recommended to develop a swimming therapy program for improve gross motor skills can use the swimming therapy method.