bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dois procedimentos para introduzir reforçamento diferencialno ensino de discriminações simples a bebês
Authors:   Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Gil Maria Stella Coutinho de Alcantara , Sousa Naiara Minto de ,   Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Souza Deisy das Graças de ,   Universidade Federal de São Carlos
Published: January 2025

Procedimentos de ensino de repertórios discriminativos que reorganizam as tarefas em pequenos passos têm tido sucesso com populações com desenvolvimento atípico e podem minimizar, também, difi culdades na investigação sobre a aquisição destes repertórios em bebês menores de 24 meses. Este estudo, conduzido com de três bebês de 17, 20 e 21 meses, verifi cou os efeitos de dois procedimentos para a exposição dos participantes às contingências de reforçamento diferencial no ensino de discriminações simples simultâneas. Estímulos visuais tridimensionais eram apresentados em um aparato motorizado. No procedimento deno-minado S+, as quatro tentativas iniciais apresentavam apenas um estímulo: o correto nas tentativas 1 e 3 e o incorreto nas tentativas 2 e 4, possibilitando o contato forçado com as conseqüências diferenciais. A partir da 5a tentativa os dois estímulos passavam a ser apresentados simultaneamente. O procedimento S- previu que o primeiro estímulo escolhido pelo bebê, dentre os dois estímulos comparação, era designado estímulo incorreto. A análise dos acertos e erros acumulados indicou semelhanças no desempenho inicial e interme-diário em cada procedimento; maior efi ciência do procedimento S+; e efeitos deletérios dos erros nas curvas de aprendizagem. Os critérios de aprendizagem e a manutenção do valor reforçador dos estímulos para os bebês são apontados como variáveis críticas para a efi ciência dos procedimentos de ensino.
barreras que enfrentan alumnos con o sin discapacidad para la Inclusión educativa en Educación Superior
Authors: Comparán Franco Jesús María
Published: January 2025

El presente ensayo contiene información de los servicios de Educación especial y los modelos de atención de las personas con discapacidad. Se describe cada modelo educativo y el tipo de atención que brinda a personas con discapacidad, trastornos del neuro desarrollo y dificultades específicas del aprendizaje; así también se señala que y cuáles son las Barreras para el Aprendizaje y la participación para la Inclusión educativa con equidad y excelencia en cada nivel o trayectoria educativa. Se hace alusión al poco acompañamiento a los alumnos en educación media superior y superior; a la eficiencia y permanencia de dichos alumnos. Se señala las características de la escuela inclusiva y, se proponen algunos puntos a considerar en la inclusión de alumnos para minimizar y/o eliminar las barreras para el aprendizaje y participación en la educación superior.
Perspectivas sobre el uso del ChatGPT en el contexto universitario
Authors: Cornejo Álvarez Juan Fidel , Cárdenas Gándara Teresa de Jesús , Frausto Loera Miguel Ángel
Published: January 2025

La presente investigación se realizó para identificar el uso que los universitarios (estudiantes y profesores) del norte de Jalisco le dan a la herramienta del ChatGPT. Se analizaron variables entre ellas “Experiencia previa del uso ChatGPT”, “Uso académico actual de ChatGPT”, “Percepciones del uso de ChatGPT”. Los participantes fueron alumnos de las diferentes licenciaturas, así como docentes del Centro Universitario del Norte de la Universidad de Guadalajara. Asimismo, se fundamentó en el método de estudio de caso bajo el paradigma pragmático, con un enfoque mixto. Este enfoque combinó la recolección y el análisis de datos cuantitativos y cualitativos, lo que permitió una comprensión profunda y general de la percepción de los universitarios sobre el uso de ChatGPT en las actividades académicas.
premio de Literaturas Indígenas de América y la relevancia del papel las mujeres en la preservación y difusión de las lenguas originarias
Authors: Pérez Avalos Martha Yadira , Guzmán Pinedo Ibis Vianey
Published: January 2025

Las lenguas se conservan a través del proceso de socialización y pasan de generación en generación mediante las interacciones en lo cotidiano, siendo las madres unos de los principales agentes de socialización de los individuos, las mujeres, por lo tanto, tienen la función de piedra angular en la difusión y preservación de las lenguas. Es de suma importancia que los hablantes de las lenguas originarias, además, cuenten con un sistema de escritura que permita pasar la tradición no sólo de manera oral, sino que puedan dejar plasmado su legado y que estos escritos sean difundidos en pro de la preservación de su cultura.
El Premio de Literaturas Indígenas de América (PLIA) nace en la Universidad de Guadalajara con la finalidad de reconocer la destacada trayectoria de los escritores de literatura en lenguas indígenas del continente de América, en favor de enriquecer, desarrollar, conservar y difundir el legado y riqueza cultural de los pueblos originarios a través del arte literario en cualquiera de sus géneros (poesía, novela, teatro, cuento o ensayo literario). Los elementos que se retoman para nominar a los candidatos y candidatas a recibir el premio son: Producción literaria original en lengua indígena, Recreación de los elementos estéticos propios de su cultura, Que la obra contribuya a la promoción y difusión literaria en lengua indígena. (Centro Universitario del Norte. s.f.)
Sin embargo, y a pesar del papel que las mujeres juegan en la conservación de las lenguas originarias, a lo largo de 12 ediciones de entrega de dicho reconocimiento, únicamente 3 de ellas han sido premiadas.
La finalidad de este escrito es realizar una reseña de la trayectoria de las mujeres que han sido reconocidas en el marco del PLIA, a la vez que se realiza una reflexión sobre la importancia del papel de la mujer en la preservación y la difusión de las lenguas originarias a través del arte escrito.
Procesos de apropiación de tecnologías de la información y comunicación: entre conceptos y particularidades.
Authors: Cortés del Real Laura Haydeé , Aguilar Herver Guillermo
Published: January 2025

El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo principal ahondar en las reflexiones y aproximaciones conceptuales vinculadas con los procesos de apropiación de las tecnologías de información y comunicación a fin de establecer una visión crítica de su implementación en espacios de formación educativa. Para tal efecto, se integran experiencias empíricas de la mano de autores seleccionados de entre la vasta producción académica con el propósito de servir de soporte conceptual/metodológico. Se procura en todo momento subrayar los puntos de inflexión y contraste entre los imaginarios que se anclan a la apropiación de tecnología frente a la multiplicidad de realidades del contexto mexicano.
Role of Innovation Parks in Driving Digital Advances and Promoting Energy Efficiency
Authors:   Department of Entrepreneurship and Trade, West Ukrainian National University, Ternopil, Ukraine.  Email: i.krysovatyy@wunu.edu.ua, Krysovatyy Ihor , Semenenko Yurii ,   Department of Economic Cybernetics and Informatics, West Ukrainian National University, Ternopil, Ukraine.  Email: yurasemenenkowork@gmail.com, Maslosh Olha ,   Department of Economics and Entrepreneurship, Volodymyr Dahl East Ukrainian National University, Kyiv, Ukraine.  Email: olgamaslosh@gmail.com, Alboshchii Oleksandr ,   Department of Logistics of Units, Operational Faculty, National Academy of the National Guard of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine. Email: alboschiy@ukr.net, Avedyan Lyudmyla ,   Department of Public Administration and Economic Policy, Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics, Kharkiv, Ukraine. Email: lyudaved@gmail.com
Published: January 2025

The impact of innovation parks on the development of digital transformation and energy savings of modern enterprises lies in the effectiveness of technology parks in stimulating economic development and technological progress, meeting the requirements of sustainable development through the support of innovation, green technologies, and entrepreneurship in the context of digitalisation. This article aims to study the critical aspects of the functioning and development of innovation parks in the context of accelerating digital transformation and developing new energy-saving methods. The study employed extensive literature analysis, systematisation, and generalisation to substantiate the role and critical aspects of park innovation development in the context of digital transformation and energy saving. To analyse the current state of development of innovation parks, the article uses an expert survey, descriptive statistics, and classification of scores. This was followed by correlation analysis, and calculation of weighted averages to identify key relationships. An integral indicator was used to evaluate the overall development efficiency of innovation parks. Two groups were selected as experts for the study: residents and employees of LvivTech.City (26 people) and UNIT.City Kharkiv (13 people), which are the largest innovation parks in Ukraine. The results revealed that the overall efficiency level of innovation park development is high relative to the total set of indicators (Ef Group 1 = 10.77; Ef Group 2 = 10.42). At the same time, the relationship between the effectiveness of innovation parks and the obstacles to their development, although statistically significant, has a low positive correlation (r = 0.240 at p < 0.05). Thus, the existing risks do not significantly impact the overall efficiency level of innovation parks. The study found that innovation parks, as catalysts for digital transformation and energy savings, provide a platform for integrating advanced technologies, guide research, and implement strategies for introducing energy-saving technologies and environmental initiatives, ensuring their competitiveness and sustainable development.
Ensuring efficiency in enterprise management during relocation
Authors: Fomenko Borys
Published: January 2025

The provided research delves into the theoretical aspects concerning the efficiency of enterprise management in the context of relocation, emphasizing the vital role of innovative strategies. In today’s dynamic business environment, where rapid product development and enhanced competitiveness are paramount, the study underscores the pivotal connection between innovative practices and successful management during relocation phases. The article posits that the effectiveness of enterprises during relocations hinges significantly on their ability to embrace innovative approaches.
Recognizing this, the research advocates for a shift in the traditional paradigms of enterprise management, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of innovation dynamics. The study critically reviews existing scientific literature, revealing a gap in a holistic approach for qualitatively assessing the efficiency of enterprise management amid relocation. This research thus becomes pertinent in addressing this gap, offering valuable insights for academia and industry practitioners.
One noteworthy contribution of the study lies in its proposal for an adaptive system of indicators. Such a system is designed to be responsive to contemporary conditions, providing a nuanced evaluation framework for enterprise management efficiency during relocations. By tailoring indicators to the unique challenges and opportunities presented by relocation, this approach ensures a more accurate and relevant assessment of managerial effectiveness. In essence, the research not only highlights the imperative need for innovative management strategies during enterprise relocations but also pioneers a methodological framework through its adaptive indicator system. By addressing this research gap and offering a nuanced perspective, this study significantly contributes to the evolving landscape of enterprise management theory and practice, particularly in the context of relocations, thereby fostering sustainable economic growth and development.
A Fecund Constellation of Ideas: An Introduction to E-Co-Affectivity Book Symposium
Authors:   Pennsylvania State University, Altoona, Onishi Brian
Published: January 2025

This introduction to the book symposium provides a brief background on the project of E-Co-Affectivity and works to pull together the general threads of the conversation. I start by highlighting some of the major accomplishments by the initial work by Morjolein Oele, and then offer both a summary and analysis of each of the three respondents' work. More specifically, I demonstrate that the symposium project not only offers critical commentary on E-Co-Affectivity, but demonstrates the fecundity of connections at the heart of the work. The introduction ends by addressing Oele’s response to the symposium, and how that establishes the foundation for future work.
Affective Communality
Authors:   University of Chicago, IL, Grosser Florian
Published: January 2025

In E-Co-Affectivity, Marjolein Oele presents a comprehensive philosophical account of pathos. Analyzing distinct, yet interconnected spheres of affectivity, she persuasively argues that pathic phenomena or experiences underlie and enable the emergence, existence, and individuation of living beings as well as the (trans)formation of communal constellations between them. In my commentary, I first raise questions concerning interpretive and argumentative strategies employed by Oele. Subsequently, I comment on some of the political implications and limitations of Oele’s study: in particular, on the underlying assumption that pathos has an equalizing effect on affective communality; and on the resulting relative lack of discussion of unequal degrees and kinds of vulnerability among those who are affected due to differences in social-political status and positionality.
Hope for a New Us/Earth via E-Co-Affectivity and Jeong (정 情)
Authors:   West Chester University, PA, Oh Jea
Published: January 2025

In E-Co-Affectivity, Marjolein Oele explores the deep connectivity and relational entanglements of plants, animals, humans, and the soil as elemental components of a co-affective community. Her deconstructive reading of the Aristotelian conception of degrees of three souls, with such hierarchy of humans-animals-vegetables via what she calls "categorical contamination,” is a brilliant example of how re-reading the western canon can cast important interpretive light upon contemporary ethico-political questions. Oele’s work shows how it is crucial to foreground (eco)feminist re-interpretations of the writings of major figures in the western philosophical traditions. It is reconstruction and construction of feminist hermeneutics so that it is not a mere interpretation, but a transformation of old traditions into planetary cosmo-centric new-becomings. Through my reading of E-Co-Affectivity, I focus on the coherence of the crucial themes of the middle voice, precarity, and e-co-affectivity, from my comparative ecofeminist perspective. The Korean concept of jeong, which can be a healing mechanism in the midst of our planetary crises, I will suggest, resonates profoundly with e-co-affectivity.
Replies to Grosser, Oh, and Paley
Authors:   Radboud University, NL, Oele Marjolein
Published: January 2025

My book seeks to carve out a new way to examine affectivity, by using interdisciplinary methods for scholarship of affectivity, and by focusing on specific, concrete, material interfaces: in plants, birds, placentas, human skin, and, finally, soil. In my response to Florian Grosser, Jea Sophia Oh, and Miguel José Paley, I emphasize this focus on local material e-co-affectivity because it explains in large part why I, strategically, (1) have or have not used certain sources or ideas in Aristotle and Heidegger, and (2) how I see my new research developing and addressing some of the concerns of the respondents regarding the need to tend to the inequities of vulnerability. Moreover, I will try to address (3) questions regarding post-human agency, as well as (4) cross-cultural comparisons with the Chinese concept of wuwei and the Korean concept of jeong (emotions or feeling). I conclude (5) by addressing concerns regarding the meaning of temporality as it is lived on the skin.
Cold Leviathan: Civil Defence and Technocracy in Scottish Local Government, 1980–1991
Authors: Gledhill Jim
Published: January 2025

At the height of Cold War nuclear tensions in the early 1980s, the British government's decision to renew civil defence met widespread opposition from local authorities in Scotland. Many councils refused to comply with statutory civil defence planning regulations introduced by the Scottish Office in 1983. This article focusses on two differing regional case studies – the Highlands and Lothians – to consider the impact of the 1983 regulations and the technocratic rationale underlying them. It will argue that technocratic civil defence was the corollary of a deindustrialising society, incompatible with communal mobilisation and a touchpaper for political conflict.
Echocardiographic Evaluation of Left Ventricular Function Six Weeks Post-Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Prospective Study
Authors: Khademi Reza , Jafari Mohammadsadegh , Rahmanian Mohammad , Taherkhani Maryam
Published: January 2025

Aim: This study aimed to determine if two-dimensional (2D) speckle tracking of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) could predict six-week remodeling in patients after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) for acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Methods: A prospective study involved 48 patients (41 men, 7 women, average age: 59.3 ± 9.6 years) with acute anterior myocardial infarction. Exclusion criteria included cardiogenic shock, significant valvular disease, prior bypass surgery, and hemodynamic instability. Patients underwent coronary angiography, PPCI, and echocardiography, with tests performed on the day of PPCI and 45 days later. Cardiac parameters were evaluated, and statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS software, with significance defined as P < 0.05.

Results: Among 48 STEMI patients undergoing PPCI, significant improvement was observed in left ventricular (LV) systolic function (P<0.001). Significant changes were also noted in LV size (P<0.01), LVEF (P<0.001), Aortic insufficiency (AI) (P<0.033), and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) (P<0.05). No significant differences were found in Right ventricular (RV) size, function, Tricuspid Regurgitation (TR), Mitral Regurgitation (MR), or LV diastolic function. Post-PCI, the number of patients free of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) increased from 43.8% to 47.9%.

Conclusion: This study shows that PPCI significantly improves LV function and reduces the need for defibrillator implantation in acute myocardial ischemia patients. Post-PCI, the percentage of patients with an ejection fraction below 35% dropped from 60% to 27% over a six-week follow-up. Despite potential adverse effects, our results confirm PPCI's positive impact. The findings emphasize the importance of timely PPCI and raising public awareness about MI symptoms and the urgency of treatment.
The Impact of Translator’s Gender and Culture on the Arabic Translations of Morrison's The Bluest Eye: A Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Chirig Abdelkrim , Bouziane Karima , Zakhir Marouane
Published: January 2025

This paper examines the influence of the gender and culture of Arab male translators on the Arabic translations of Toni Morrison's The Bluest Eye. It compares the translations by Kamel Youssef Hessein and Fadel Soultani, and focuses on how gender biases and cultural contexts influence the translation and affect the portrayal of female characters. The study employs a qualitative method, integrating Fairclough's Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) and Toury's Translational Norms (TN) to assess the Arab male translators' linguistic choices and their impact on the target texts (TTs). Through a paratextual, descriptive, interpretative, and translational norms analysis, the research identifies cases of gender bias, cultural adaptation, and ideological influences in the translations. The findings reveal that male translators' interpretations lead to subtle erasures and alterations of female characters' voices, reflecting certain patriarchal and cultural biases. The study emphasizes the need of taking into account the gender and cultural background of the translator in literary translation.
INFLUENCE OF HCL 0.02 M ON PHASE AND SIZE OF CaCO3 VIA FINE BUBBLE DIFFUSER METHOD AS DENTAL BIOMATERIAL
Authors: Febrida Renny , Setyanagari Sekar Diva , Faza Yanwar
Published: January 2025

Background. Particles of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) have been applied in a number of fields, including as dental biomaterial. Because CaCO3 particles have three distinct polymorphs and complex crystallization behavior, it is difficult to systematically adjust their physical properties for desired applications. Objective. This investigation aims to examine the influence of the addition of the 0.02 M HCl additive on the phase and size of the CaCO3 particles synthesized with the fine bubble diffuser method. Methods. The type of research is descriptive explorative. There were two sample groups in this study, and each group had three replications (n = 3). Group 1 added 0.02 M of HCl as an addition to the as-prepared material, while Group 2 added no HCl at all. The phase of CaCO3 was evaluated by using the FTIR (Thermo Scientific Nicolet iS5), while the particle size was measured via DLS (Horiba Scientifica SZ-100 Nanopartica) Result. The results showed the sample of CaCO3 without any additive posesses Amorphous Calcium Carbonate (ACC) and calcite. Meanwhile, sample of CaCO3 with addition of HCL 0.02 M showed ACC, calcites and vaterite phase. Particle size of CaCO3 without additve is larger than another one. Conclusion. In this study, the addition of the additive HCl 0.02 resulted in a decrease in the pH of the solution resulting in a phase change from clacite to vaterite as well as decreasing the particle size of CaCO3.
A potential exodus: what is behind dropping out intentions among university students?
Authors: Herrera Dora , Matos Lennia , Gargurevich Rafael , Gómez Marjhori , Lira Benjamín , Ferreyra Cecilia
Published: January 2025

Introduction

The alarming dropout rates among university students in Peru deplete the country’s human resources and reduce prospects for personal growth and societal development. Explaining those rates calls for a comprehensive and holistic approach beyond the students’ socio-economic characteristics. This study seeks to identify the socio-demographic, academic and psychological variables that predict dropout intention among university students in Peru.

Materials and method

The sample was composed of 768 students from nine universities, both public and private, across the coastal, highland and rainforest regions of Peru. Students completed questionnaires assessing factors that favor resilience, future orientation, and dropout intention.

Results

As hypothesized, we found that students who scored higher on factors favoring resilience and future orientation subscales, with the exception of the exploration sub-dimension, were less likely to develop dropout intentions. We found differences by sex and type of university; then evaluated whether the model parameters varied by sex. Our findings show higher dropout intentions among male students. No significant relationships were found between grades, tutoring programme and future orientation.

Discussion

Results contribute to support these university students as valuable human resources who, due to Peru’s characteristics, lack easy access to higher education and should be protected. Our findings also provide general guidelines for further interventions to counter the risk of increased dropout rates at the university level.
Drawing the future: gender and future occupational aspirations of young children in Sweden
Authors: Wamala-Andersson Sarah , Richardson Matt X. , Schölin Bywall Karin , Norgren Therese , Chambers Nick
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Research on young children’s occupational aspirations and the factors shaping them is still limited, especially in early interventions addressing gender disparities in high-status fields like STEM.

Methods

This is the first study in Sweden utilizing the Drawing the Future method, surveyed 1,832 children (aged 5–13) from 28 schools in Skåne region of southern, asking them to draw their dream jobs. This exercise was conducted in a classroom setting and facilitated by their class teacher.

Results

Significant gender differences emerged, revealing distinct stereotypical patterns in children’s future occupational aspirations and influencing factors. Only three occupations—footballer, doctor, and police officer—were popular among both genders. Girls preferred people- or animal-centered roles, while boys leaned toward jobs involving “things” (p < 0.001). Girls felt they could pursue similar careers as boys, but boys showed more skepticism (p < 0.001). Influence patterns also varied by gender: 25% of girls were inspired by mothers, while 45% of boys were inspired by fathers (p = 0.02). Beyond immediate family, girls often sought career information from acquaintances, while boys turned to media (p < 0.001). STEM interest was limited, with “game developer” being the only STEM job on boys’ lists. Additionally, a larger proportion of boys ranked STEM subjects among their top 10 favorite school subjects, while girls preferred crafts, art, and English (p < 0.001).

Discussion

These findings highlight the need for early, unbiased, evidence-based career interventions and policies to broaden children’s awareness of diverse job options and opportunities in the labor market.
Association between chronic kidney disease and oxidative balance score: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005–2018
Authors: Liu Cong , Yang Jiju , Li Hongdian , Deng Yuanyuan , He Pengfei , Zhang Jiao , Zhang Mianzhi
Published: January 2025

Background

The oxidative balance score (OBS) is a comprehensive concept that includes 16 dietary components and four lifestyle factors to assess an individual's exposure to pro-oxidants and antioxidants. This study aims to explore the relationship between OBS and the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods

This cross-sectional study included nationally representative National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) participants aged 18 and above from 2005 to 2018. The OBS, a novel concept derived from multiple dietary (pro-oxidant and antioxidant nutrients) and lifestyle exposures (including smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity, and physical activity), serves as a useful tool for assessing an individual's oxidative stress status. The continuous variable OBS was converted into categorical variables by quartiles. Covariates included age, gender, race, education level, marital status, poverty-income ratio, sleep duration, depression, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular disease, use of hypoglycemic medications, and use of antihypertensive medications. The relationship between OBS and CKD was explored using multiple logistic regression analysis and restricted cubic spline models. Additionally, subgroup analyses, interaction tests, and sensitivity analyses were conducted to validate the stability of the results.

Results

A total of 25,118 NHANES participants were included in this study. The weighted prevalence of CKD was 14.97%. In the fully adjusted model, compared to the lowest OBS quartile, participants in the highest quartile had a 26% reduced risk of CKD (OR = 0.74, 95%CI: 0.63–0.87, p < 0.001). In restricted cubic spline regression, there was a linear association between OBS and CKD. The results of subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis remain consistent. A significant interaction was found in the stratified analysis by age group (p for interaction = 0.012), suggesting that individuals older than 60 years may benefit more significantly from an increase in OBS scores compared to those aged 60 years or younger.

Conclusion

This study demonstrates that higher OBS is associated with a lower risk of CKD, particularly among the elderly population, providing innovative insights and preliminary evidence for the development of preventive strategies against CKD.
Parental depression and emotional feeding practices are associated with a tendency towards overeating in preadolescents
Authors: Sarkkola Catharina , Leppänen Marja H. , Eloranta Aino-Maija , Räisänen Laura , Männistö Satu , Viljakainen Heli
Published: January 2025

Background

Children’s eating behaviors, including a tendency towards overeating, are strongly influenced by the family. Children prone to overeating are at a high risk of excessive weight gain, which can lead to further adverse health outcomes. Therefore, identifying factors that contribute to overeating is crucial for promoting healthy weight development. Given the inconsistencies in previous research, mostly involving young children, we investigated the child and parental characteristics associated with overeating in preadolescence.

Methods

The cross-sectional study included 5,973 preadolescents aged 9–12 years from the Finnish Health in Teens (Fin-HIT) cohort. A tendency towards overeating was based on a parent-reported question. We utilized extensive parent questionnaire and Medical Birth Register data, and used ordinal and stepwise logistic regression to identify the independent determinants of overeating.

Results

The proportion of preadolescents with a parent-reported tendency towards overeating was 10% (n = 606). In the multivariable model, boys had higher odds of overeating (OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.06–1.58) compared with girls. Preadolescents with overweight and obesity had 9- and 30-fold odds (95% CI 7.31–11.29 and 20.07–44.54, respectively) of overeating compared with healthy-weight preadolescents. Furthermore, parental depression and emotional feeding increased the odds of overeating in the preadolescent (OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.08–2.02 and OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.03–1.57).

Conclusion

Along with child weight status and sex, parental depression and emotional feeding were independently associated with overeating in preadolescence. Therefore, it is important to support parents’ mental health and their healthy feeding practices. Our findings can be targeted to manage overeating and prevent overweight in children and adolescents.
Post-translational modifications and bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Authors: Yang Kun , He Ting , Sun Xue , Dong Wenbin
Published: January 2025

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is a prevalent respiratory disorder posing a significant threat to the quality of life in premature infants. Its pathogenesis is intricate, and therapeutic options are limited. Besides genetic coding, protein post-translational modification plays a pivotal role in regulating cellular function, contributing complexity and diversity to substrate proteins and influencing various cellular processes. Substantial evidence indicates that post-translational modifications of several substrate proteins are intricately related to the molecular mechanisms underlying bronchopulmonary dysplasia. These modifications facilitate the progression of bronchopulmonary dysplasia through a cascade of signal transduction events. This review outlines the relationships between substrate protein phosphorylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation, methylation, glycosylation, glycation, S-glutathionylation, S-nitrosylation and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. The aim is to provide novel insights into bronchopulmonary dysplasia's pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets for clinical management.
Synthesis, characterization, and computational evaluation of some synthesized xanthone derivatives: focus on kinase target network and biomedical properties
Authors: Muslim Wisam Taher , Mohammad Layth Jasim , Naji Munaf M. , Karimi Isaac , Al-Sabti Matheel D. , Jabir Majid , Najm Mazin A. A. , Schiöth Helgi B.
Published: January 2025

Background

Xanthones are dubbed as putative lead-like molecules for cancer drug design and discovery. This study was aimed at the synthesis, characterization, and in silico target fishing of novel xanthone derivatives.

Methods

The products of reactions of xanthydrol with urea, thiourea, and thiosemicarbazide reacted with α-haloketones to prepare the thiazolone compounds. Xanthydrol reacted sequentially with ethyl chloroacetate, hydrazine, carbon disulfide, and α-haloketones to prepare the dithiolane. The xanthydrol reacted with propargyl bromide and it submitted to click reaction with azide to prepare triazole ring.

Results

Finally, four novel xanthones derivatives including (E)-2-(2-(9H-xanthen-9-yl)hydrazono)-1,3-dithiolan-4-one (L3), 2-(2-(9H-xanthen-9-yl)hydrazinyl)thiazol-5(4H)-one (L5), 2-(9H-xanthen-9-ylamino)thiazol-5(4H)-one (L7), and 4-((9H-xanthen-9-yloxy)methyl)-1-(4-nitrophenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole (L9) were synthesized and characterized using thin layer chromatography, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H and 13C). ADMET, Pfizer filter, adverse drug reaction, toxicity, antitarget interaction profiles, target fishing, kinase target screening, molecular docking validation, and protein and gene network analysis were computed for derivatives. Ligands obeyed Pfizer filter for drug-likeness, while all ligands were categorized as toxic chemicals. Major targets of all ligands were predicted to be kinases including Haspin, WEE2, and PIM3. Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 was the hub gene of target kinase network of all derivatives. All the ligands were predicted to show hepatotoxic potentials, while L7 presented cardiac toxicity.

Conclusion

Acute leukemic T-cells were one of the top predicted tumor cell lines for these ligands. The possible antileukemic effects of synthesized xanthone derivatives are potentially very interesting and warrant further studies.
Ceftriaxone-associated dysbiosis decreases voriconazole bioavailability by upregulating intestinal P-glycoprotein expression through activation of the Nrf2-mediated signalling pathway
Authors: Wang Xiaokang , Ye Chunxiao , Yang Xixiao , Yang Maoxun
Published: January 2025

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of intestinal dysbiosis on the bioavailability of voriconazole and to explore any underlying mechanisms.

Method

Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups: a normal control group and a ceftriaxone-associated dysbiotic group. The composition of the intestinal flora was examined using 16S rRNA sequencing analysis. Voriconazole concentrations were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of microbes from the different groups were prepared for in vitro study in Caco-2 cells. The Nrf2 pathway and its related proteins involved in modifying P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expression were clarified by a series of immunoblot analyses.

Key findings

The diversity and richness of intestinal bacteria, especially the abundance of gram-negative bacteria, were significantly decreased after ceftriaxone treatment. The AUC(0-t) and Cmax of voriconazole were reduced, and greater voriconazole clearance were noted in the dysbiotic group. An in vivo study also indicated that the expression of P-glycoprotein was significantly increased after ceftriaxone treatment, which may be due to the absence of gram-negative bacteria in the intestine. Finally, in vitro findings in Caco-2 cells treated with OMVs from the ceftriaxone-associated dysbiotic group suggested that Nrf2 translocation into the nucleus induced high expression of P-gp.

Conclusion

OMVs from intestinal bacterial in the ceftriaxone-associated dysbiotic group induced high P-gp expression by regulating the Nrf2 signalling pathway, which led to an in vivo reduction in the bioavailability of voriconazole due to ceftriaxone-associated dysbiosis.
Research on PCB defect detection algorithm based on LPCB-YOLO
Authors: Zhang Haiyan , Li Yazhou , Sharid Kayes Dipu Md , Song Zhaoyu , Wang Yuanyuan
Published: January 2025

Introduction

In response to the challenges of small target size, slow detection speed, and large model parameters in PCB surface defect detection, LPCB-YOLO was designed. The goal was to ensure detection accuracy and comprehensiveness while significantly reducing model parameters and improving computational speed.

Method

First, the feature extraction networks consist of multiple CSPELAN modules for feature extraction of small target defects on PCBs. This allows for sufficient feature representation while greatly reducing the number of model parameters. Second, the C-SPPF module enables the fusion of high-level semantic expression with low-level feature layers to enhance global feature perception capability, improving the overall contextual expression of the backbone and thereby enhancing model performance. Finally, the C2f-GS module is designed to fuse high-level semantic features and low-level detail features to enhance the feature representation capability and model performance.

Results

The experimental results show that the LPCB-YOLO model reduces the model size by 24% compared to that of the YOLOv8 model while maintaining high precision and recall at 97.0%.
Gender difference in anxiety and related factors among adolescents
Authors: Bao Chengzhen , Han Lili
Published: January 2025

Background

Anxiety is widespread among adolescents, and research has shown that this condition can profoundly affect their mental, emotional, and physical well-being. The purpose of this study was to analyze gender differences in anxiety levels among adolescents and to explore the influencing factors and pathways.

Methods

A total of 3601 adolescents were included in this study (age: 15.14±1.97 years; male: 48.76%). Gender, age, school category, grade, duration of sleep, duration on Internet, anxiety and several social factors were investigated by online questionnaire. Teachers were responsible for organizing students to fill out the questionnaire. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) was applied to measure participants’ anxiety levels over the past 2 weeks. An Ordinal Logistic Regression measured risk factors of anxiety, while a path analysis was used to estimate the structural relationship between risk factors and anxiety.

Results

The severity of anxiety in female was higher. Approaching graduation, lack of sleep, poor peer relationships, poor ability to complete tasks, and unwillingness to seek help when in a bad mood were risk factors for anxiety in both male and female adolescents. Among female, prolonged Internet access is a risk factor for anxiety. The fit indices for the modified models were appropriate (male: GFI=0.999, IFI=0.996, TLI=0.976, CFI=0.995, AGFI=0.990, RMSEA=0.021, SRMR=0.016; female: GFI=0.997, IFI=0.990, TLI=0.971, CFI=0.990, AGFI=0.990, RMSEA=0.020, SRMR=0.018).

Conclusion

The female adolescents might have higher levels of anxiety, that academic stress, sleep, peer relationships, competence, and level of social support might be influence factors on anxiety in adolescents, and that “daily duration on Internet” might not be the risk factor in male adolescent.
Ego-Motion Estimation for Autonomous Vehicles Based on Genetic Algorithms and CUDA Parallel Processing
Authors: Aguilar-González Abiel , Medina Santiago Alejandro
Published: January 2025

Estimating ego-motion in autonomous vehicles is critical for tasks such as localization, navigation, obstacle avoidance, and so on. While traditional methods often rely on direct pose estimation or AI-based approaches, these can be computationally intensive, especially for small, incremental movements typically observed between consecutive frames. In this work, we propose a brute-force-based ego-motion estimation algorithm that takes advantage of the constraints of autonomous vehicles, which are assumed to have only three degrees of freedom (x, y, and yaw). Our approach is based on a genetic algorithm to efficiently explore potential vehicle movements. By generating an initial seed of random motion candidates and iteratively mutating and selecting the best-performing individuals, we minimize the cost function that measures image similarity between frames. Furthermore, we implement the algorithm using CUDA to exploit parallel processing, significantly improving computational speed. Experimental results demonstrate that our approach achieves accurate ego-motion estimation with high efficiency, making it suitable for real-time autonomous vehicle applications.
Determining Water Pipe Leakage Using an RP-CNN Model to Identify the Causes and Improve Poor-Accuracy Cases
Authors: Caronge Muhammad Anshari , Shibuya Taichi , Arai Yasuhiro , Dong Xinyi , Kunizane Takaharu , Koizumi Akira
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to assess and improve the accuracy of a water leakage detection model proposed in preliminary research. The poor results for water leakage sound (recall) and background noise (specificity) were clarified using countermeasures in accordance with each condition. Additionally, frequency amplification in the range of 500–600 Hz, the attenuation of weak components, and a band-stop filter were used to remove the 50 Hz component and harmonics. Pre-processing was carried out in the form of amplification, with weak noise removed using a band-stop filter. The results showed that the application of the proposed model improved the detection accuracy by 80% at the observation points that initially had poor accuracy. Thus, the proposed method was effective at improving the performance of the Recurrence Plot-Convolutional Neural Network (RP-CNN) model for detecting water leakages.
Advancing County-Level Potato Cultivation Area Extraction: A Novel Approach Utilizing Multi-Source Remote Sensing Imagery and the Shapley Additive Explanations–Sequential Forward Selection–Random Forest Model
Authors: Li Qiao , Fu Xueliang , Li Honghui , Zhou Hao
Published: January 2025

Potato, a vital food and cash crop, necessitates precise identification and area estimation for effective planting planning, market regulation, and yield forecasting. However, extracting large-scale crop areas using satellite remote sensing is fraught with challenges, such as low spatial resolution, cloud interference, and revisit cycle limitations, impeding the creation of high-quality time–series datasets. In this study, we developed a high-resolution vegetation index time–series by calculating coordination coefficients and integrating reflectance data from Landsat-8, Landsat-9, and Sentinel-2 satellites. The vegetation index time–series were enhanced through using linear interpolation and Savitzky–Golay (S-G) filtering to reconstruct high-quality data. We employed the harmonic analysis of NDVI time–series (HANTS) method to extract features from the time–series and evaluated the classification accuracy across five feature sets: vegetation index time–series features, band means, vegetation index means, texture features, and color space features. The Random Forest (RF) model, utilizing the full feature set, emerged as the most accurate, achieving a precision rate of 0.97 and a kappa value of 0.94. We further refined the feature subset using the SHAP-SFS feature selection method, leading to the SHAP-SFS-RF classification approach for differentiating potato from non-potato crops. This approach enhanced accuracy by approximately 0.1 and kappa value by around 0.2 compared to the RF model, with the extracted areas closely aligning with statistical yearbook data. Our study successfully achieved the accurate extraction of potato planting areas at the county level, offering novel insights and methodologies for related research fields.
The Effects of Origin on the Formation of Stress Parameters and Selected Behaviour of Hens
Authors: Skomorucha Iwona , Sosnówka-Czajka Ewa
Published: January 2025

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the origin of hens of locally adapted breeds on the levels of selected stress indicators and neurotransmitter serotonin in blood, and also on the selected behaviour and plumage condition. A total of 168 one-day-old chicks of the hens Leghorn H-22, Sussex S-66 and Rhode Island Red R-11 were allocated to three experimental groups, respectively: 1, 2 and 3. The birds were reared on litter until 64 weeks of age. Bird mortality was monitored during the experiment, the duration of tonic immobility (TI) was measured and blood was collected and the following were determined: heterophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (H:L), levels of corticosterone, adrenaline, noradrenaline and serotonin. Behavioural observations were also made and the plumage condition of the hens was also assessed. The hen strains studied showed different levels of fear and stress during rearing, as reflected in the behavioural test carried out and the blood levels of basal corticosterone, noradrenaline and the H:L ratio. It was also shown that changes in the birds’ fear and stress response strategies can occur with age. H-22 hens showed greater fear and stress at both young age and adulthood, and were characterised by poorer plumage and higher mortality during rearing. The results, therefore, suggest that strain H-22 has a greater propensity to develop stereotypes such as feather pecking compared to strains S-66 and R-11.
Effects of Temperature Fluctuations on the Growth Cycle of Rice
Authors: Liu Zhiqian , Xu Danping , Wang Rulin , Guo Xiang , Song Yanling , Wang Mingtian , Cai Yuangang
Published: January 2025

Temperature is a critical environmental factor affecting the growth and development of rice, especially under the backdrop of global climate change, where temperature fluctuations have become increasingly significant in influencing the growth cycle and development rate of rice. To comprehensively assess the impact of temperature variations on the different growth stages of rice, this study integrates data from multiple relevant studies published between 1980 and 2024. By selecting research focused on the influence of temperature changes on the rice development cycle, a meta-analysis is conducted to systematically evaluate the effects of temperature on the growth rates of rice during its six key developmental stages. The results indicate that increased temperatures significantly accelerate the development rate of rice during all growth stages, with a general acceleration in growth speed at different developmental phases. The study further found that when the temperature ranges from 28 °C to 32 °C, the growing conditions for rice are most favorable, exhibiting the optimal development rate. This study provides scientific evidence for understanding how temperature changes affect rice growth and development and offers valuable references for rice cultivation management and climate adaptation strategies.