bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mulch Type and Depth Influences Control of Three Major Weed Species in Nursery Container Production
Authors: Bartley Paul C. , Wehtje Glenn R. , Murphy Anna-Marie , Foshee Wheeler G. , Gilliam Charles H.
Published: August 2017

Two commonly used management practices for weed control in container plant production are hand pulling and herbicide applications. There are problems associated with these methods including crop phytotoxicity and environmental concerns associated with off-target movement of herbicides. Other nonchemical weed control methods could reduce herbicide-based environmental concerns, mitigate herbicide-resistance development, and improve the overall level of weed control in container nursery production. Readily available tree-mulch species, eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana), ground whole loblolly pine (Pinus taeda), chinese privet (Ligustrum sinense), and sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) were harvested, chipped, and evaluated at multiple depths with and without the herbicide dimethenamid-p. Pine bark mini-nuggets were also evaluated. Mulches were applied at depths of 1, 2, and 4 inches and evaluated over three 30-day periods for their effectiveness in suppressing spotted spurge (Chamaesyce maculata), long-stalked phyllanthus (Phyllanthus tenellus), and eclipta (Eclipta prostrata). After 30 days, herbicide/mulch combinations, as well as mulch treatments alone, had reduced weed fresh weight 82% to 100% with 1 inch of mulch. By 168 days after treatment, dimethenamid-p had lost all efficacy, and mulch depth was the only factor that still had significant effects, reducing spotted spurge fresh weight by 90%, 99.5%, and 100% with depths of 1, 2, and 4 inches, respectively. The economics of mulch weed control will depend on variables such as available time, nursery layout, location, and availability of resources, equipment, among others. Regardless of variable economic parameters, data from this study reveals that any of these potential mulch species applied at a depth of at least 2 inches will provide long-term weed control in nursery container production.
Defining Glyphosate and Dicamba Drift Injury to Dry Edible Pea, Dry Edible Bean, and Potato
Authors: Hatterman-Valenti Harlene , Endres Greg , Jenks Brian , Ostlie Michael , Reinhardt Theresa , Robinson Andrew , Stenger John , Zollinger Richard
Published: August 2017

Field trials using sublethal doses of glyphosate, dicamba, or mixtures of both herbicides on dry edible pea (Pisum sativum), dry edible bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), and potato (Solanum tuberosum) were conducted at six locations to determine the injury potential if spray drift were to occur. All studies used three increasing sublethal doses of glyphosate and dicamba, which were labeled as low, medium, and high. The doses for each herbicide varied for the three crops because of expected sensitivity differences. Herbicide doses were targeted for the reproductive stage 1 with dry edible pea and dry edible bean, and at tuber initiation for potato. Visible injury 20 days after the treatment ranged from 0% to 13% for dry edible pea, 0% to 53% for dry edible bean, and 0% to 50% for potato. Compared with the nontreated, yield was least when doses included dicamba, regardless of the crop. Dry edible bean was the most sensitive crop to sublethal doses of dicamba, followed by dry edible pea and potato. Results from these six studies suggested that drift injury potential to dry edible pea, dry edible bean, and potato will be greater if a dicamba-resistant soybean (Glycine max) crop is adjacent and upwind compared with a glyphosate-resistant crop. Results also reinforce the need for diligence in the application of these herbicides in proximity to susceptible crops and the need to thoroughly clean sprayers before spraying a sensitive crop.
Screening Brassica Cultivars for Resistance to Western Oregon Clubroot Pathotypes
Authors: Heinrich Aaron , Kawai Shinji , Myers Jim
Published: August 2017

Growing resistant cultivars from the Brassicaceae family (brassicas) is an effective strategy to minimize crop loss caused by the soilborne pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae (clubroot). However, there are many clubroot pathotypes, and genetic resistance to clubroot may be pathotype-specific. To determine which pathotypes are present in western Oregon, diseased roots were collected from five farms and identified by the European clubroot differential (ECD) set. To assess resistance to the identified pathotypes, 21 vegetable cultivars from nine crops with purported resistance to clubroot were evaluated for disease incidence and severity in field and greenhouse studies. The crops evaluated included broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica), cauliflower (B. oleracea var. botrytis), brussels sprouts (B. oleracea var. gemmifera), cabbage (B. oleracea var. capitata), napa cabbage (Brassica rapa var. pekinensis), pak choi (B. rapa var. chinensis), kohlrabi (B. oleracea var. gongylodes), turnip (B. rapa var. rapa), and rutabaga (Brassica napus var. napobrassica). ECD host reaction showed similar virulence among clubroot collections, and all field isolates had the same ECD pathotype designation, 16/02/30. Compared with a crop-specific susceptible control, 17 of 21 cultivars had some resistance to clubroot, and of those, 15 were highly resistant (≤15% incidence with low disease severity). This research demonstrated that western Oregon farmers have several commercially available cultivars with resistance to the dominant pathotyope in the region. However, each farmer must evaluate the suitability of these cultivars to meet consumer and industry requirements.
Reduced Root-zone Phosphorus Concentration Decreases Iron Chlorosis in Maize in Soilless Substrates
Authors: Parry Christopher , Bugbee Bruce
Published: August 2017

Maize (Zea mays) is increasingly grown in controlled environments to facilitate phenotypic analysis. Even with ample chelated iron (Fe), maize often develops interveinal chlorosis in soilless substrates or hydroponics because of inadequate bioavailable Fe in the plant. We hypothesized that the excessive phosphorus (P) in standard greenhouse fertigation solutions would accentuate the chlorosis. Here, we report that reducing the P concentration from 0.7 to 0.07 mmol·L−1 (22 to 2 mg·L−1) provided adequate P for rapid growth and increased chlorophyll concentration from 263 to 380 µmol·m−2. Restricted root-zones in containers require frequent watering and are often watered to excess, which flushes the root-zone with a high P solution. In a separate study, minimizing the leaching fraction increased leaf chlorophyll concentration from 123 to 508 µmol·m−2. The use of a ceramic substrate typically improves the green leaf color of maize plants. Consistent with this observation, we found no effect of high P concentration in the irrigation solution on growth or chlorophyll density in ceramic substrates because it strongly absorbs P from solution. These findings can significantly improve maize growth and nutrition in controlled environments.
Antitranspirant Application Increases Grafting Success of Watermelon
Authors: Dabirian Sahar , Miles Carol A.
Published: August 2017

The one-cotyledon splice grafting method is commonly used for watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) because it is relatively rapid and there is less rootstock regrowth than with other grafting methods. However, plants must rely on moisture in the air for survival during at least the first 4 days after grafting. In 2015 and 2016, greenhouse experiments were conducted to investigate if application of commercial stomata-coating and stomata-closing antitranspirant products, applied 1 day before grafting to both scion and rootstock seedlings, could increase the survival of watermelon transplants grafted using the one-cotyledon method. ‘TriX Palomar’ watermelon was grafted onto rootstock ‘Tetsukabuto’ (Cucurbita maxima × C. moschata) in Expt. 1, and onto rootstock ‘Emphasis’ (Lagenaria siceraria) in Expt. 2. The survival of grafted watermelon differed because of experiment (P = 0.0003), antitranspirant treatment (P < 0.0001), and experimental repeat (P < 0.0001). The survival of ‘TriX Palomar’ grafted onto ‘Tetsukabuto’ was greatest for plants treated with the stomata-coating + stomata-closing antitranspirants (92% to 100%), followed by the stomata-closing antitranspirant (79% to 97%), water (72%), and the stomata-coating antitranspirant (50% to 60%). For ‘TriX Palomar’ grafted onto ‘Emphasis’, plants treated with the stomata-closing antitranspirant had the greatest survival (87% to 97%), followed by stomata-coating + stomata-closing antitranspirants (84% to 94%), the stomata-coating antitranspirant (50% to 67%), and water (53% to 68%). In Expt. 3, stomatal conductance (gS) was similar for both ‘TriX Palomar’ and ‘Emphasis’ seedlings before treatment application, but differed because of the treatments 1 and 2 days after application. Stomatal conductance did not change for ‘TriX Palomar’ seedlings after application of the stomata-coating antitranspirant or water, or for ‘Emphasis’ seedlings after application of the stomata-coating antitranspirant. Stomatal conductance of ‘TriX Palomar’ seedlings decreased 57% to 62% after application of the stomata-closing antitranspirant and decreased 48% to 60% after application of the stomata-coating + stomata-closing antitranspirants. Stomatal conductance for ‘Emphasis’ seedlings increased 37% after water application, and decreased 58% to 68% after application of the stomata-closing antitranspirant, and decreased 42% to 45% after application of the stomata-coating + stomata-closing antitranspirants. The survival rate of grafted ‘TriX Palomar’ transplants was increased nearly 30% by application 1 day before grafting of the commercial stomata-closing antitranspirant or stomata-coating + stomata-closing antitranspirants in this study. Increase in grafting success is likely due to a reduction in transpiration that occurs when the stomata-closing antitranspirant is applied to the seedlings before grafting.
Horticultural Characteristics and Susceptibility of Table Beet Cultivars to Cercospora Leaf Spot in New York
Authors: Pethybridge Sarah J. , Vaghefi Niloofar , Kikkert Julie R.
Published: August 2017

Table beet (Beta vulgaris ssp. vulgaris) production in New York is increasing for direct sale, use in value-added products, or processing. One of the most important diseases affecting table beet is cercospora leaf spot (CLS) caused by the fungus Cercospora beticola. CLS causes lesions on leaves that coalesce and leads to premature defoliation. The presence of CLS may cause buyer rejection at fresh markets. Defoliation from CLS may also result in crop loss because of the inability to harvest with top-pulling machinery. The susceptibility of popular table beet cultivars (Boldor, Detroit, Falcon, Merlin, Rhonda, Ruby Queen, and Touchstone Gold) to CLS was tested using C. beticola isolates representative of the New York population. Two trials were conducted by inoculating 6-week-old plants in the misting chamber. A small-plot replicated field trial was also conducted to examine horticultural characteristics of the cultivars. In the misting chamber trials, disease progress measured by the area under the disease progress stairs (AUDPS) was not significantly different between the red cultivars, Detroit and Ruby Queen, and was significantly higher in ‘Boldor’ than the other yellow cultivar Touchstone Gold. In the field trial, the number of CLS lesions per leaf at the final disease assessment and AUDPS were significantly lower in cultivar Ruby Queen than others and not significantly different between the yellow cultivars. The dry weight of roots was not significantly different among cultivars at first harvest (77 days after planting). At 112 days after planting, the dry weight of roots was significantly higher in cultivar Detroit than Rhonda and Boldor. Leaf blade length and the length:width ratio were cultivar-dependent, which may facilitate selection for specific fresh markets. Significant associations between canopy reflectance in the near infrared (IR) (830 nm), dry weight of foliage, and number of CLS lesions per leaf suggested that this technique may have utility for remote assessment of these variables in table beet research. Implications of these findings for the management of CLS in table beet are discussed.
Car Robots of Line Followers and False Detections Using Microcontroller of BS2SX Basics Tamp
Authors: Sujarwata Sujarwata
Published: August 2017

This study aims to design a robot car that can follow the line and can avoid obstacles if it detects objects. The movement of the robot car is equipped with light sensor (LDR) and ultrasonic as its navigation system. Automation system navigation settings using BS2SX Basic Stamp microcontroller hardware, while the software with Pbasic programming language. The program is written on the Basic Stamp Editor already installed on the PC, then downloaded to EEPROM. Ultrasonic sensors are utilized as a detection of obstacles and light sensor sensors (LDR) as a tracked line detector. The robot will follow the designed line, if there are obstacles in front of it the robot will avoid and run back if the ultrasonic sensor does not detect obstacles in front of it. With the PWM signal input setting (Pulse Width Modulation) from the microcontroller, the robot car can walk straight, turn and will avoid when detecting obstacles. ©2017 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved
Synthesis and Characterization of Cassava Shell Based Biodegradable Plastic with Kitosan Addition
Authors: Supriyono Supriyono , Kusuma Hamdan Hadi , Mulyatun Mulyatun , Kumila Biaunik Niski
Published: August 2017

Wasted-plastic which is a hardly-decomposed material was one of the major problems of trash-recycling management in Indonesia. Replacing a common plastic with biodegradable plastic was one of the solution to reduce the amount of undecomposed-materials in the enviroment. Therefore, the aim of this resarch is to study how to synthesis cassava shell based biodegradable plastic and to analyse the effect of kitosan addition on cassava shell based biodegradable plastic properties. There are three basic characterization processes performed to analyse the sample properties, i.e mechanical test, FTIR and biodegradability test. Kitosan enhanced the mechanical and biodegradability properties of samples. The elongation-percentage decreased down to 8,57% along with the increasing the amount of kitosan concentration. FTIR data indicated the presence of O-H, N-H, C-H, C=C, NO2 and C-O organic functional group on biodegradable plastic samples. Kitosan reduce the decomposition process of samples due to its hydrophilicity. Sample with highest concentration of kitosan decomposed at the longest time up to 14 days. . ©2017 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Effect of Thickness on Thermal Conductivity Based on Waste Newspaper Particle Board
Authors: Theasy Yoan , Yulianto Agus , Astuti Budi
Published: August 2017

Waste newspaper by most people still considered as waste that has not been used optimally, and it is the one of processed materials from wood which has lignocellulose. The material has the potential to produce particle board to test the value of thermal conductivity, which it is expected to be used as heat insulator. The process of producing particle board is by mixing 450 grams pureed newspaper with 260 grams PVAC, then print it with size (12x7)cm2 with the thickness of 0.5cm; 1 cm; 1.5 cm; 2 cm; 2.5 cm; 3 cm. The process to make particle board drying is for 5 days and the test of thermal conductivity using a 100 watt heat source, and an infrared thermometer. The result obtained from the value of thermal conductivity from newspaper particle board is when more higher value of particle board thickness then more higher the thermal conductivity value. From these result it can be concluded that the particle board which can be used as heat insulation material is the one that has a thermal conductivity value of 0.066 W/ mC; 0.125 W/ mC; 0.0167 W/ mC with thickness range of 1 cm to 2 cm.©2017 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
FUNCTIONING GRAPHIC ORGANIZER AS ONE OF LITERACY MEDIA
Authors: Tarwiyah Siti
Published: August 2017

Graphic organizer may be used as alternative media in literacyclass. GO stimulates students to think of information through someways. Through the use of GO students’ habbit to copy others’ ideaswill be minimized. Students only need to take the key words repre-senting the digest of the information in a text and think of the re-lationship among the words. Some kinds of graphic organizer maybe used are story map, fi shbone or ishikawa diagram, venn diagram,and KWL table.
AN ANALYSIS OF TEACHER AND STUDENT TALK IN THE CLASSROOM INTERACTION OF THE EIGHTH GRADE OF SMP NEGERI 18 PURWOREJO
Authors: Sukarni Semi , Ulfah Siti
Published: August 2017

The aims of this research are fi rstly, to describe the interactionused by the teacher and studentsconducted in the classroomof theeighth grade of SMP Negeri 18 Purworejo in the Academic Year2012/2013; secondly, to know what type of interaction characteris-tics of the teacher-student talk in the classroom interaction; thirdly,to identify languages used in the classroom interaction used duringteaching-learning process.This thesis is a descriptive qualitative study on teacher and stu-dent talk in the classroom interaction, particularly on the partici-pants’ interaction in SMP N 18 Purworejo. The data of this studyare the interaction between the teacher and the students in the class-room. In order to analyze the data, some steps are conducted. Thedata was taken by recording the classroom interaction. The subjectin this research wasthe grade VIIIG of SMP Negeri 18 Purworejo,there were 40 students and one English teacher. The researcher usedobservation and recording for collecting the data. Flanders’ Interac-tion Analysis was used to identify and analyze teacher-student talkin the classroom interaction.The result of this study shows that the teacher was more ac-tive in the interaction. Meanwhile, the student was less active than the teacher. Based on the fi nding, the researcher concludes that theteacher was dominant in the classroom interaction. The percentageof the teacher talk was 78.15%,whereas the students’ participationwas 21.16%.the studentsnot balance between Indonesianand English. Indonesian is 62% while English is only 38%. Itshows that teacher used more Indonesian than English when sheexplains the material. The interaction was in three ways communi-cation: interaction between teacher-students, students-teacher, andstudents-students.
IMPROVING ACTIVE LEARNING THROUGH STUDENTS’ POWERPOINT PRESENTATIONS ON REPORT TEXT SPEAKING SKILL
Authors: Novita Ahmila
Published: August 2017

This study was carried out to improve active learning through students’ PowerPoint presentations on report text speaking skill in the third grade students of  class 9A of  SMP N 1 Bandungan2014/2015 academic year. The method used in this study was Classroom Action Research (CAR) which consists of planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. The study was carried out in two cycles. Each cycle consisted of one meeting 200 minutes (block schedule). The data of this study was gathered through: (1) Student’ presentations, (2) observations, and (3) students consultation. The result of the study showed that there was improvement of active learning in the teaching and learning process of class 9A; 100% was active in group work, 100% was active in consulting their difficulties with the teacher, 79.2% was active in finding resources of report text material, 87.5% was active in asking questions and 90% was active in answering questions. From the last two indicators can be seen that there is improvement of  the active learning of  students’speaking skill in asking and answering questions. In conclusion active learning through students’ PowerPoint presentations could increase the active teaching and learning process of class 9A, especially on their report text speaking skill.
THE GRAMMATICAL ERRORS ON THE PARAGRAPH WRITINGS
Authors: Ma’mun Nadiah
Published: August 2017

This paper makes a study of grammatical error on paragraph writings of English department students. The students were asked to write the paragraph of writing as their final assignment for paragraph based writing Class. The errors found in the students’ compositions are then classified based on the surface strategy taxonomy on errors of omission, addition, misformation, and misordering. Based on the result of  the research findings whole have been analyzed and the discussions which have been presented, the writer generally concluded that there are four kinds of errors which are omission, addition, misinformation and misordering. The writer found that mostly the students had grammatical error on their writing in mis-information error 43%. They consist of misinformation of adverb, V2, subject-verb agreement, article, modal, passive and word choices. It also can be concluded that most students of intermediate level made Grammatical Error in Omission and Misinformation of their paragraph writing as  Dulaay at.all (1982) said that Omission of to be is common error made by students. Even tough those sentences appear without to be, article or preposition and still have meaning, student must use the Grammar correctly or accurately in writing. Most students made grammatical error in using modal, for example of error in misinformatiom “We  can learning all about English, after modal must be followed by main verb. It mostly happened on students’ writing. The most common types of  errors made  b y  students  are misinformation with  the  number  of  errors  is  15  or  43% and o m i s s i o n  with the number of error is 11 or 31%. The type of errors with the lowest frequency is misordering errors (9%). They consist of misordering of noun phrase and misordering of adverb. These errors seem to be caused by interlingual and intralingual interference.
Promoting Multilingualism in the Classroom: A Case Study of ELT Program
Authors: Annury Muhammad Nafi
Published: August 2017

The article gives a brief analytical survey of multilingualism practices, its consequences, and its benefits in education and discussions on the appropriate ways towards its achievement in education. Multilingualism refers to speaking more than one language competently. Generally, there are both the official and unofficial multilingualism practices. This study was descriptive qualitative. The subjects of the study were eighty students and divided into two classes. Purposive sampling technique was applied in identifying students who tended to practice multilingualism in education in EFL class. The benefits of multilingualism practices in education were realized by relying on text analysis of the written materials on education and psychology. Personal experience in educational matters especially the educational processes in EFL class is also included. Findings were descriptively presented in continuous prose. Students still had problems on the way they speak and write in English well. However, there were only 1.9% students who felt that they influenced in speaking and even writing English well. It is quite a challenging issue towards students implementing multilingualism within the classroom. Even though, they are already learned English since they were from junior high school, fortunately.
Numerical modelling of a three-phase internal air-lift circulating photocatalytic reactor
Authors: Luo Minghan , Chen Qiuwen , Jeong Taeseop , Chen Jing
Published: August 2017

The photocatalytic degradation process has been recognized as a low-cost, environmentally friendly and sustainable technology for water and wastewater treatment. As a key carrier of the photocatalytic process, the semiconductor TiO2 has been used in many studies. Analysis and modelling of hydrodynamics in the three-phase flow system can provide useful information for process design, operation and optimization of the three-phase flow photocatalytic reactor, which requires research on the mixing and flow characteristics of the interphase regions in the reactor. In this study, we modelled the hydrodynamics in an internal air-lift circulating photocatalytic reactor using an Eulerian multi-fluid approach. Localized information on phase holdup, fluid flow patterns and mixing characteristics was obtained. The simulation results revealed that the distribution of solid particle concentration depends on the flow field in the internal air-lift circulating photocatalytic reactor. The distance between the draft tube and wall of the reactor and changes in the superficial gas velocity (Ug) were found to be influential factors in reactor performance. The computational model developed could support optimizing reactor design to improve the hydrodynamics and provide guidance for scale-up.
Uma teoria para a prática: A sociologia reflexiva como possibilidade de construção de uma ciência rigorosa do direito
Authors: Gonçalves Francysco Pablo Feitosa
Published: August 2017

Este trabalho se insere em uma pesquisa mais ampla; a qual, a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas, aborda a construção do habitus dos bacharéis que atuam como docentes no campo das faculdades de direito em Recife. Dentro desse contexto mais amplo, tem por objetivo propor uma reflexão sobre as possibilidades da ciência social reflexiva de Pierre Bourdieu como base possível para uma ciência rigorosa do direito, tomando como objeto o que usualmente se chama de ciência jurídica e evitando o formalismo e o instrumentalismo. O trabalho apresenta um breve panorama da teoria para a prática que Bourdieu propõe; como o objeto da pesquisa foi construído e é exposto à objetivação; seguida de uma breve exposição crítica do atual panorama da ciência do direito e uma breve análise do campo das faculdades de direito em Recife.
Маркери нейрогенного запалення в дітей iз синдромом вертебробазилярної артеріальної системи і рекурентними бронхітами
Authors: Ovcharenko L.S. , Slutskaya T.V. , Slutskaya T.V.
Published: August 2017

Актуальність. Дослідження особливостей нейрогенного забезпечення при рекурентних бронхітах (РБ) у дітей iз синдромом вертебробазилярної артеріальної системи (СВБАС) шляхом вивчення рівнів кінцевих стабільних метаболітів оксиду азоту (КСМ NO), субстанції Р і вазоактивного інтестинального пептиду (ВІП) надасть можливість встановити важливі елементи патогенезу частих захворювань респіраторного тракту. Мета дослідження: визначення особливостей нейрогенного забезпечення при рекурентних бронхітах у дітей iз СВБАС шляхом вивчення сироваткових рівнів КСМ NO, субстанції Р і ВІП. Матеріали та методи. Обстежено 60 дітей віком від 7 до 11 років iз РБ в анамнезi. Сформовано дві групи спостереження (по 30 пацiєнтiв у кожній): 1) діти з РБ у періоді соматичного благополуччя і СВБАС; 2) діти з РБ в періоді соматичного благополуччя без СВБАС. Результати. У пацiєнтiв iз РБ, які мають СВБАС, порівняно з дітьми без СВБАС статистично значуще частіше відзначається підвищення вмісту в сироватці крові КСМ NO (на 36,7 %, p < 0,05) (вiдношення шансів (ВШ) = 6,50; 95% довiрчий інтервал (ДІ) 1,82–23,21, p < 0,05), субстанції Р (на 40,0 %, p < 0,05) (ВШ = 6,00; 95% ДІ 1,89–19,04, p < 0,05), зниження концентрації ВІП (на 26,7 %, p < 0,05) (ВШ = 3,05; 95% ДІ 1,05–8,84, p < 0,05). Висновки. У дітей iз РБ і СВБАС у період соматичного благополуччя має місце вогнище нейрогенного запального процесу, що супроводжується дисбалансом автономних нейрональних процесів і схильністю до повторної захворюваності на бронхолегеневу патологію.
Про роль уреамікоплазмового інфікування в розвитку бронхолегеневої дисплазії у дітей раннього віку
Authors: Ilchenko S.I. , Fialkovskaya A.A. , Ivanus S.G.
Published: August 2017

У статті описано літературні дані та власне спостереження уреамікоплазмового інфікування в розвитку бронхолегеневої дисплазії (БЛД) у дітей раннього віку. Бронхолегенева дисплазія як патологія, що виникає у новонароджених дітей після проведення їм реанімаційної допомоги, зокрема кисневої терапії чи штучної вентиляції легень, активно вивчається патоморфологами та клініцистами. Актуальними й недостатньо вивченими на сьогодні залишаються питання ролі інфекції у формуванні БЛД як у недоношених, так і у доношених дітей. Численними дослідженнями показано, що колонізація дихальних шляхів немовляти такими мікроорганізмами, як Chlamy­dia trachomatis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma hominis, Cytomegalovirus, асоціюється з високим ризиком розвитку БЛД порівняно з неінфікованими дітьми. Ureaplasma urealyticum — найбільш поширені мікроби, які виявлені в зараженій амніотичній рідині, плаценті та респіраторному тракті новонароджених дітей, і їх здатність викликати запалення на цих ділянках беззаперечна. Бронхолегенева дисплазія, що виникає на фоні інфікування даними мікроорганізмами, не обов’язково пов’язана із самими бактеріями, а, швидше за все, розвивається через їх потенційне стимулювання прозапальних цитокінів (TNF, IL-1 і IL-8) або можливого блокування цитокінів (IL-6 і IL-10). Описаний нами клінічний випадок ілюструє роль даних мікроорганізмів у розвитку тяжкої пневмонії з формуванням БЛД у народженої в строк дитини. Особливістю даного випадку є те, що при правильній лікарській тактиці стосовно інфікованої вагітної і, можливо, ранній профілактиці розвитку уреамікоплазмового інфікування немовляти розвиток тяжких незворотних змін у його легенях можна було б уникнути.
Роль нефропатій генетичного генезу у формуванні хронічної ниркової недостатності у дітей (клінічне спостереження дитини з акроренальним синдромом)
Authors: Gonchar M.A. , Senatorova A.S. , Muratov G.R. , Omelchenko E.V. , Galdina I.M. , Pushkar E.M. , Yablonskaya N.N. , Kolibaeva T.F. , Khomovskaya A.A.
Published: August 2017

У статті автори аналізують дані літератури, а також результати власного багаторічного досвіду діагностики генетично детермінованих захворювань нирок, що супроводжувалися розвитком хронічної ниркової недостатності. Викладено основні причини захворювань, принципи їх діагностики та лікування. Наведено клінічне спостереження за пацієнтом з акроренальним синдромом, ускладненим розвитком хронічної ниркової недостатності.
Препарати гінкго білоба: шляхом відкриттів у клінічній нейрофармакології
Authors: Burchynskyi S.H.
Published: August 2017

У статті наведені найбільш актуальні та сучасні дані про основні механізми дії екстракту гінкго білоба: нейромедіаторні, нейрометаболічні, вазотропні ефекти. Популярність екстракту гінкго білоба в неврології пов’язана з його ефективністю і безпекою.
Сучасні тенденції в діагностиці рідкісних форм головного болю (огляд літератури та клінічне спостереження)
Authors: Sadokha K.A. , Golovko A.M.
Published: August 2017

У статті зроблено огляд літератури з такої проблеми, як кластерний головний біль. Наводяться дані щодо поширеності захворювання. У роботі наведено сучасні дані про клінічні прояви, діагностику, причини кластерного головного болю, що найбільш часто зустрічаються. На даний час діагностика цефалгії в більшості розвинених країн світу здійснюється за єдиними стандартами, основним серед яких є Міжнародна класифікація головного болю. Діагностика кластерної цефалгії базується на розроблених Міжнародним товариством головного болю умовах і виключенні причин симптоматичного (вторинного) головного болю. У роботі наводяться діагностичні критерії, класифікація, особливості перебігу кластерної цефалгії, власне клінічне спостереження за пацієнтом з кластерним головним болем. У статті показана актуальність проблеми головного болю, а також основні причини труднощів діагностики та розуміння природи цефалгії неврологами.
Complexity and Adaptive System of Television Broadcasting: The Reﬂection of Autopoetic Mechanism of Indonesian Television Broadcasting System
Authors: Wahyuni Hermin Indah
Published: August 2017

This article aims to describe a model of a robust adaptive system which suits the context of situation in Indonesian as an archipelago, as well as developing and democratic values-based country. It mainly focuses on how the autopoetic mechanism in Indonesian television broadcasting system is. Autopoetic mechanism is self-reference orientation. The process in which the system orient to reduce their problem by building the internal structure to cope with it. The research process was done in 2014 until 2016. Methods applied in this research is qualitative research. Several methods that were employed are observation, in-depth interview, and focus group discussion. It would be measured and analysed with three aspects: communication, temporal and diﬀerentiation aspect. The ﬁndings suggest that building a robust system means establishing a “strong and adaptive” broadcasting system in Indonesia that strengthens each sub-system in the Indonesian broadcasting system in order to capture what the public demands. In this level it takes a comprehensive view of the decision-makers to design a broadcasting system that continues to answer the demanding environment through its communication function, growing temporal through continuous evolution and develop functions through a process of diﬀerentiation. If these three functions can work continuously, Indonesian broadcasting system will be stronger and more adaptive with their complex external environment. The main argument of this paper is Indonesian Broadcasting System faces a very complex environment television, however their adaptive and autopoetic mechanism is still weak to cope with the challenges.
ANALISIS VEGF PADA PERGERAKAN GIGI ORTODONTI SETELAH PEMBERIAN SEDUHAN KOPI ROBUSTA ( COFFEACANEPHORA)
Authors: Herniyati Herniyati
Published: August 2017

Background: Orthodontic tooth movement depends on bone remodeling. VEGF plays an important role in bone remodeling in both pressure area and tension area. Robusta coffee contains caffeine, chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid. Caffeine may increase osteoclastogenesis, and caffeic acid has antioxidant effects that may reduce oxidative stress in osteoblasts Objective: To analysis of VEGF of orthodontic tooth movement post robusta coffeesteeping administration. Material and methods: The experimental laboratories research used 16rats  were divided into 2 groups. Group A: the rats were applied with  orthodontic mechanical force (OMF) and group B: OMF + coffee steeping of 20mg /100 g of BW. OMF was conducted by applying  ligature wire with a diameter of 0.20 mm on the molar-1 (M-1) and both incivus of right maxilla. Subsequently, M-1 of right maxilla was moved to mesial  with Niti closed coil spring. Observations were made on days 15 and 22 by taking the gingival crevicular fluid by putting paper point on the gingival sulcus of mesio-and disto-palatal area of M-1 of right maxilla to determine the levels of VEGF using ELISA method. Results: the administration of Robusta coffee steeping increased the levels of VEGF in both compression area and tension area (p <0.05).The levels of VEGF in tension area larger than the compression area(p >0.05).Conclusion: the Robusta coffee steeping administration increased the levels of VEGF oforthodontic tooth movement ,therefore it may improve alveolar bone remodeling process and it may be an alternative to accelerate orthodontic treatment.
UJI SITOKSISITAS CAMPURAN RESIN AKRILIK DENGAN KITOSAN SEBAGAI BAHAN GIGI TIRUAN ANTI JAMUR
Authors: Ismiyati Titik , Siswomihardjo Widowati , Soesatyo Marsetyawan H.N.E. , Rochmadi Rochmadi
Published: August 2017

Denture acrylic resin contain monomer residue that can cause allergic reactions and inflammation in the mouth. Chitosan has advantage biocompatible and antifungal. The purpose of this study was to examine toxicity acrylic resin blends with chitosan as denture antifungal in fibroblast cell culture. This study uses chitosan concentration 0.5%, 1%, 2% and 4% of 2.5 ml were blends with acrylic resin. Fibroblast cell cellular responses were assessed using MTT assay. Data at the cell viability analyzes used Anova one path (p <0.05). The results showed the greatest average adsorbansi fibroblast cell in blends acrylic resin was chitosan concentration of 0.5% (0.434 ± 0.119) with 99.810% cell viability, and the smallest average chitosan concentration of 4% (0.385 ± 0.023) and 88.523% cell viability. Anova test showed there were differences the effect of varying concentrations of chitosan significantly to adsorbansi and cell viability (p <0.05). The results of post hoc test showed a concentration of 4% was significantly different than other concentration. Conclusion, acrylic resin blends with chitosan at a concentration of 0.5%, 1%, 2% were non-toxic, being mild toxic concentration of 4%.
MANAGEMENT OF MISALIGNED CROWN FRACTURE WITH EXTERNAL ROOF RESORPTION USING MINERAL TRIOXIDE AGGREGATE (MTA) AND CUSTOM CAST POST AND CORE RESTORATION
Authors: Kuncoro Rebecca Azary , Kristanti Yulita
Published: August 2017

Crown fracture is the most commonly reported traumatic injuries in the permanent dentition. One of the unfavorable response to trauma is the development of external root resorption (ERR). Injuries may also cause tooth angulation changes so it should be treated with a customized cast post and core to produce better aesthetic result and to obtain sufficient compressive strength.The case report describes the use of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) as an apical plug to promote periapical healing of an open apex and the use of custom cast post and core to correct the tooth angulation.Case report.A 23-year-old male patient came to RSGM Prof. Soedomo with a chief complaint of a fractured and labial misaligned of upper right central incisor due to trauma 10 years ago. Patient expressed his unwillingness to get orthodontic therapy. Percussion and palpation test showed no discomfort or pain. There was no mobility noticed. Radiograph showed periapical radiolucency and open apex. Tooth was treated with calcium hydroxide dressing and MTA apical plugs were placed in the apical portion of canals. Tooth was restored with custom cast post and core to correct the angulation followed by the placement of an porcelain crown.MTA can be used as apical plug for sealing open apex caused by ERR combined with custom cast post and core for other option for misaligned tooth.
APLIKASI JARINGAN SARAF TIRUAN DAN PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION UNTUK PERAMALAN INDEKS HARGA SAHAM BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Wartati Desy , Masruroh Nur Aini
Published: August 2017

Jakarta Composite Index (JCI) is the main stock index in Indonesia Stock Exchange, which indicates the movement of the performance of all stocks listed. The data of stock price index often experience rapid fluctuations in a short time, so it is needed to carry out an analysis to help investor making the right investment decisions. Forecasting JCI is one of the activities that can be done because it helps to predict the value of the stock price in accordance with the past patterns, so it can be a consideration to make a decision. In this research, there are two forecasting models created to predict JCI, which are Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model with (1) Backpropagation algorithm (BP) and (2) Backpropagation algorithm model combined with Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm (PSO). The development of both models is done from the stage of the training process to obtain optimal weights on each network layer, followed by a stage of the testing process to determine whether the models are valid or not based on the tracking signals that are generated. ANN model is used because it is known to have the ability to process data that is nonlinear such as stock price indices and PSO is used to help ANN to gain weight with a fast computing time and tend to provide optimal results. Forecast results generated from both models are compared based on the error of computation time and forecast error. ANN model with BP algorithm generates computation time of training process for 4,9927 seconds with MSE of training and testing process is respectively 0,0031 and 0,0131, and MAPE of forecast results is 2,55%. ANN model with BP algorithm combined with PSO generates computation time of training process for 4,3867 seconds with MSE of training and testing process is respectively 0,0030 and 0,0062, and MAPE of forecast result is 1,88%. Based on these results, it can be concluded that ANN model with BP algorithm combined with PSO provides a more optimal result than ANN model with BP algorithm.
FUNDAMENTA LS OF BIOMECHANIC BIOMEDICAL ENGINERING
Authors: Sriwijaya Rachmat
Published: August 2017

Studi tentang biomechanics telah berkembang pesat dari awalnya hanya aplikasi studi mekanika teknik yang sederhana kemudian meluas dengan pelibatan berbagai bidang studi. Dalam bidang biomechanics buku ini sangat membantu mahasiswa ataupun peneliti untuk memahami dasar-dasar mekanika dan dinamika tubuh manusia, yang menjadi bidang kajian penting dalam studi rekayasa biomedik. Buku ini memberikan pengetahuan yang memadai tentang konsep statika, gerak, dinamika, pemodelan, dan aplikasinya dikaitkan dengan bagian-bagian tubuh dan gerakan manusia, hal-hal yang sangat penting yang seharusnya diketahui dalam pengembangan biomechanics, tetapi sebelumnya sangat jarang untuk didapatkan pustakanya.
ADVANCES IN BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE AND BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS
Authors: Triyono Joko
Published: August 2017

“Advances in Biomaterials Science and Biomedical Applications” merupakan buku teks yang disusun oleh beberapa penulis dari berbagai disiplin ilmu dari berbagai negara. Setiap bab yang ditulis merupakan hasil kajian, penelitian atau pengalaman pribadi penulis. Para pembaca dapat memperoleh gambaran umum untuk mengetahui potensi biomaterial di masa-masa mendatang. Pembaca juga akan mendapatkan gambaran bagaimana proses fabrikasi material implan berbasis organ manusia dilakukan dengan teknologi cetak 3 dimensi (3D printing). Buku ini terbagi menjadi 21 bab. Setiap bab diulas secara detail agar mudah dipahami.
MODEL MATEMATIS PREDIKSI KESUKSESAN PRODUK MEMPERTIMBANGKAN BUDAYA PADA KENDARAAN BERMOTOR RODA EMPAT
Authors: Setyaningrum Ratih , Subagyo Subagyo , Wijaya Andi Rahadiyan
Published: August 2017

Cultural aspects and Maslow needs has been considered on product development process. There is also has indication of product selection mutation based on Maslow needs ability. Based on these conditions, formulation of successful product development strategy in the future need to consider cultural aspects. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine mathematical model of products four-wheeled vehicles and to predict success. Stages of research include developing mathematical models, the validation process models and best model selection. The results of a mathematical model based on market share indicates that the component must-be inversely proportional to the success of the product, while the components of one-dimentional and attractive is directly proportional to the success of the product. The calculation result that Kano generate mathematical equations require further research. These research expected can determine the success of the model with the parameters of the success product in addition to market share.
OPTIMIZATION OF STIRRING SPEED AND STIRRING TIME TOWARD NANOPARTICLE SIZE OF CHITOSAN-SIAM CITRUS PEEL (Citrus nobilis L.var Microcarpa) 70% ETHANOL EXTRACT
Authors: Taurina Wintari , Sari Rafika , Hafinur Uray Cindy , Wahdaningsih Sri , Isnindar Isnindar
Published: August 2017

Siam citrus peel (Citrus nobilis L. var. Microcarpa) is a plant derived from Sambas Regency, West Kalimantan Province. Bioavailability of herbal active compounds can be enhanced by formulating extract into nanoparticle. The polymer used was chitosan with crosslinker Na-TPP. Stirring speed and stirring time play an important role to produce small particle size in forming nanoparticle using ionic gelation method. Enhancement of stirring speed and stirring time could reduce particle size. Nanoparticles were prepared using ionic gelation method by mixing Na-TPP, extract and chitosan (1:1:6) with varying the stirring speed 500 rpm, 1000 rpm, 1500 rpm and stirring time 1 hrs, 2 hrs, 3 hrs. The particle size of nanoparticle was found to be 85.3 nm at 1000 rpm of stirring speed and 3 hrs of stirring times, with polidispersity index 0.287, zeta potential +32.37 mV and entrapment efficiency 87.12 %.
ISOLATION OF 8-HIDROXY-6,7-DIMETHOXY COUMARIN FROM JARAK TINTIR STEM (Jatropha multifida L.) AND ITS TOXICITY VALUE USING BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY TEST (BSLT)
Authors: Syam Akhirul Kahfi , Insanu Muhamad , Wirasutisna Komar Ruslan
Published: August 2017

Jatropha multifida L. (jarak tintir) was a shrub, annual, and had ± 2 m high. Empirically jarak tintir sap was used as traditional medicine by Indonesian people for a long time. Only limited studies were conducted regarding its chemical compound. It was reported that multifidone (diterpenoid compound from the stem) had an activity against cancer cells in vitro. This study aimed to test the toxicity of various extracts (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol) with Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) of Jatropha multifida L. stem. A Fraxidin (8-hidroxy-6,7-dimethoxy coumarin) has been isolated from ethyl acetate fraction based on highest cytotoxic with LC50 value 3.69 µg/mL. The isolated compound was elucidated to gain chemical structure base on spectroscopic data (UV-Vis Spectrofotometric, IR Spectrofotometric, and NMR). Toxicity of fraxidin was tested on BSLT and showed no potential activity with LC50 value > 500 μg/mL.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT CULTURE CONDITION ON ANTIOXIDANT SECONDARY METABOLITES FROM ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI ISOLATED FROM TURMERIC ROOT
Authors: Septiana Eris , Simanjuntak Partomuan
Published: August 2017

Antioxidant is an interesting topic due to their capability to inhibit free radical and prevent damage because of oxidative processes. Endophyt fungi is one of antioxidant compound resources in nature. The low yield to gain antioxidant compound from fungi challenges to look for the composition of media and optimalization of growth conditions. This research aimed to know the effect of medium condition in different carbon and nitrogen sources as well as initial pH towards antioxidant activity of endophyt fungi Bo.Ci.Cl.A3. Shaker fermentation was used on 120 rpm at room temperature for 14 days. The carbon sources were glucose, sucrose, and starch and nitrogen sources were NaNO3, NH4NO3, and yeast extract with initial pH at 5, 7, and 9. Ethyl acetate was used as extractor. The results showed that endophyt fungi can produce secondary metabolite as antioxidant at all variation of fermented media. The nitrogen source of yeast extract could increase antioxidant activity of endophyt fungi Bo.Ci.Cl.A3, while other sources such as nitrogen source, carbon sources, and different initial pH on the basal medium that were used did not give increasing antioxidant activity. The conclusion of this research was the substitution of nitrogen source with yeast extract (3 g/L) on the basal medium Czapek Dox’s Broth could increase antioxidant activity of endophyt fungi Bo.Ci.Cl.A3.
EFL College Students’ Perceptions of the Difficulties of Comprehending Academic English Lectures
Authors: A. Al-Nouh Nowreyah , M. Abdul-Kareem Muneera
Published: August 2017

Students’ perceptions of the difficulties of comprehending academic English lectures affect their academic learning. Therefore, the present study is designed to explore EFL college female undergraduate students’ perceptions of the difficulties of comprehending academic English lectures to bring to light those factors that affect students’ academic performance and suggest solutions to overcome them. Participants were 365 female college students picked randomly from various grade levels enrolled in a four-year pre-service teacher education program at the College of Basic Education in Kuwait. The study adopted a descriptive design employing Likert’s five-point scale assigned under two factors: linguistic difficulties and non-linguistic difficulties. Independent variables include age, nationality, grade level and GPA. Results showed that students’ difficulties were at a medium level. Significant differences were observed for nationality, grade level and GPA. Implications and recommendations for future research were discussed.