bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Closed-Loop Ergonomics in the Factory of the Future: A Practical Approach from FASyS Project
Authors: Martinez-Millana Antonio  , Martinez-Piqueras María
Published: February 2025

Sensor technologies and their integration with advanced software applications are fostering a new era of safety and healthiness. Factories of the future can benefit from the integration of ambient and wearable sensors in the workplace, as the worker him/herself can provide a reliable real-time profile of the conditions and adaptation to the work environment and demands. The information collected by the network of sensors can be aggregated and displayed in a dashboard in a simple but effective way, enabling health professionals to revise and follow-up massive streams of data. These huge amounts of data can be turned into meaningful information with the support of intelligent algorithms capable of processing data and detecting abnormalities. Our vision of the absolute healthy and safe factory of the future introduces the Medical Response Center (MRC), a unit capable of monitoring the factory from a computer. One of the main weaknesses of current factories is the lack of completeness in the information related to worker health, which subsequently is one of the major challenges industrial environments. Isolated health data are not enough to obtain an accident-free and safety factory. Time to time monitoring should be turned into a continuous health vigilance. Our view of the factory is as source of large amounts of data (for example, employee monitoring; environmental monitoring; medical decision support system; management protocols systems; treatment and adherence to therapy systems). This chapter aims at proposing an architecture which allows the exchange of information and connection between several intelligent services and devices, where all generated data are stored, selected, treated, etc. The first part of the chapter is devoted to explain in general terms the course followed by the information in order to achieve continuous worker vigilance. Secondly, and as a main block, the decision support system architecture is detailed. This architecture consists of a choreographer core that receives information of several services and devices. This proposal is thereafter linked to an ergonomics case, that is, with ergonomics from the point of view of a physical response to a specific need of the worker. Our case elaborates on detecting that a worker has visited the medical office for a defined number of times in the last months as an indicative of continuous discomfort. The medical study in detail can lead to a postural change or a reorganization of your workplace (for example due to shoulder problems); which is an improvement in the work place and ergonomics. This case is illustrative as it is not a direct consequence of a value collected through health wearable sensors, but data collected in the MRC, in which the review of health data is essential to rule out other diseases and generate an adequate diagnosis.
Towards Perceptual Spaces for Empowering Ergonomy in Workplaces by Using Interactive Process Mining
Authors: Valero-Ramon Zoe  , Ibanez-Sanchez Gema  , Traver Vicente  , Marco-Ruiz Luis  , Fernandez-Llatas Carlos
Published: February 2025

Work-related disorders account for a significant part of total healthcare expenditure. Traditionally muscle-skeletal disorders were predominant as source of work absenteeism but in the last years work activity-related disorders have increased remarkably. Too little activity at work, sedentarism, or too much work activity leads to stress. The individualized behavioural analysis of employees can support ergonomy experts in optimizing work environments. However, in order to understand which aspects of the working environment need to be improved a clear understanding on the behaviours and working conditions of employees is needed. This requires analyzing and summarizing the multi-dimensional set of variables that describes a work environment. Process Mining Technologies can offer a human understandable view of what is actually occurring in workplaces in an individualized way. In this paper, we present a proof of concept of how Process Mining technologies can be used for discovering employees work flows in order to support the ergonomy experts in the selection of more accurate interventions for improving occupational health.
Organized Crime and Corruption in the Balkans
Authors: Rizvo Samir
Published: February 2025

The Balkans host sufficiently strong organized criminal groups. Strong smuggling channels developed in the western Balkans that served to avoid the imposed embargo during past conflicts are still being intensely exploited by these organised crime groups. They have the tendency to combine several types of smuggled commodities when exploiting these channels. The criminal groups exploit developing economies, which require high infusions of capital, in order to launder money obtained from illegal activities. Since many organised crime groups have a large portfolio of crimes, the horizontal cooperation of different specialised units or agencies at the national level should be taken into consideration from the early stages of investigations. Law enforcement agencies should improve their logistical capacities and efficiently manage them so as to keep pace with the technical and logistical capacities of organised crime groups. The specialization and capacities for technical expertise of law enforcement agencies should be considered a priority and implemented through the proper management of human resources and adequate training programmes.
Investors' Perspective on Healthspan in 2025
Authors: Friebe Michael , Mittler-Matica Roxana , Niestroj Benjamin
Published: February 2025

Healthspan—the period of life spent in good health—is more economically, ethically, and socially valuable than merely extending lifespan.

Traditional healthcare systems focus on diagnosing and treating diseases rather than preventing them, leading to prolonged periods of illness before death. With the global population aging rapidly, maintaining health and productivity into old age is essential for economic sustainability.

Chronic diseases, particularly obesity and diabetes, impose significant financial burdens, yet current healthcare models lack effective business incentives for prevention.

Studies suggest that extending healthspan could have significant economic benefits, with some projections suggesting that every additional year of healthy life could contribute trillions to the global economy.

Geroscience and aging biology present new opportunities, including senolytics and cellular reprogramming, to slow aging-related decline. Reliable biomarkers and digital health innovations will be critical in developing scalable healthspan interventions.

Despite challenges in healthcare investment, the longevity market is expected to reach $44 billion by 2025. A long-term approach that enhances resilience, reduces healthcare dependency, and drives systemic change may be necessary to support sustainable aging. A shift toward proactive health management can improve quality of life, reduce societal healthcare costs, and create sustainable economic growth. The future of healthcare lies not in treating sickness but in ensuring lifelong health and vitality.
Analysing Idiomatic Expressions in Coldplay's Album “A Head Full of Dreams”: A Linguistic Perspective
Authors: Diyo Muhammad Panji , Faisal Faisal
Published: February 2025

This analysis highlights the significance of understanding idiomatic language in music as a means of appreciating the complexity of human expression and creativity. This study investigates the idiomatic expressions found in Coldplay's album "A Head Full of Dreams" through a linguistic lens. By conducting an analysis of selected tracks, specifically "A Head Full of Dreams," "Hymn for the Weekend," "Amazing Day," and "Birds," the research seeks to identify diverse categories of idioms and their interpretations within the context of the lyrics. Utilizing qualitative descriptive methodologies, the study examines how these idiomatic expressions enhance themes of hope, transformation, and emotional resonance within the music. The results indicate that idioms significantly enrich the lyrical content, offering cultural subtleties and amplifying the overarching messages conveyed in the songs. This analysis underscores the importance of comprehending idiomatic language in music as a means to appreciate the intricacies of human expression and creativity.
Fire and Ice: Contrasting Different Personalities in the movie “Rush” (2013) by Ron Howard
Authors: Wicaksana Rayhan Racha , Apriliani Salwa Nur , Faisal Faisal
Published: February 2025

This research explores the contrasting personalities of James Hunt and Niki Lauda as portrayed in Ron Howard’s Rush, examining their impact on the film’s narrative and its appeal to a global audience. Employing a qualitative approach, the study focuses on key character traits and dialogue to identify six examples of their differing personalities. Hunt is depicted as passionate and impulsive, embracing the joys of the present, while Lauda is methodical and disciplined, prioritizing control and long-term success. These opposing traits not only shaped their iconic rivalry but also defined their approaches to life and competition. The research involved multiple viewings of the film to analyse how these traits were presented and their significance within the story. By comparing and contrasting these characters, the study highlights the interplay between passion and precision, demonstrating how their differences drove both conflict and mutual respect, contributing to one of Formula 1’s most legendary rivalries.
Enhancing Students’ Receptive Vocabulary Knowledge through Word Mapping Strategy
Authors: Ridwan Revi Nur
Published: February 2025

This study aims to enhance junior high school students' receptive understanding by utilizing word mapping strategies. This research employs a quantitative method with a quasi-experimental design. The study focuses on second-grade students in public junior high schools in Bandung, totaling 382 students spread across 10 classes. After randomizing the classes, class B was selected as the experimental class, and class A was the control class. The data collection techniques used in this study were a pretest and a posttest. The data analysis technique used in this study was a statistical analysis of Chi-Square to compare pre-test and posttest values.  The results of the hypothesis test showed that the value of Tcount was 4 > 2.64 (Ttable), then H0 was rejected and Ha was accepted, meaning there was a significant difference in receptive vocabulary mastery between students who used conventional learning techniques and word mapping strategies. Thus, teachers could use word mapping strategies to improve vocabulary learning for institutions, teachers, students, and future researchers effectively.
Quantum Computing Encryption: Emerging Trends in Cybersecurity
Authors: Vishnuvardhana Reddy Veeraballi
Published: February 2025

This article explores the emerging trends in cybersecurity in response to the advent of quantum computing, focusing on the development of quantum-safe encryption methods. It begins by examining the vulnerabilities of traditional encryption algorithms like RSA and ECC to quantum attacks, particularly through Shor's algorithm. The article then delves into post-quantum cryptography (PQC), discussing key approaches such as lattice-based cryptography, hash-based signatures, and code-based cryptography, along with their advantages and challenges. Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is explored as an alternative method for secure communication, leveraging quantum mechanics principles. The article also covers the ongoing standardization efforts led by organizations like NIST, highlighting the progress made in establishing quantum-resistant algorithms and the challenges in their widespread adoption. Finally, it addresses the future-proofing of encryption systems, discussing the balance between quantum resistance and current security needs, the maintenance of confidentiality, integrity, and authentication, and potential hybrid approaches. Throughout, the article emphasizes the critical nature of these developments in ensuring long-term data security in a world where quantum computers may soon become a reality.
КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНІ ОСНОВИ ФОРМУВАННЯ МАРКЕТИНГУ ПАРТНЕРСЬКИХ ВІДНОСИН МІЖ ПІДПРИЄМСТВАМИ АГРАРНОГО СЕКТОРУ УКРАЇНИ ТА КНР
Authors: Бондаренко Валерій , Цзехао Лі
Published: February 2025

Формування маркетингу партнерських відносин в аграрному секторі – це комплексний процес, який вимагає глибокого розуміння як специфіки сільського господарства, так і особливостей міжнародного бізнесу. Мета маркетингу партнерських відносин між підприємствами аграрного сектору України та Китаю полягає в створенні довгострокової, взаємовигідної співпраці. Метою дослідження є представлення концептуальних основ формування маркетингу партнерських відносин між підприємствами аграрного сектору України та КНР. В статті показано врахування міжнародних стандартів, митних правил, регуляцій України та Китаю, а також підписання чітких угод, які враховують права, обов'язки та відповідальність сторін мають свій вплив на формування партнерства між обома країнами. Вказано що інформаційною основою формування маркетингу партнерських відносин є використання онлайн-ресурсів для полегшення пошуку партнерів та управління контрактами. Також важливою умовою формування маркетингу партнерських відносин є обмін даними між партнерами та відкрита комунікація щодо прогнозів попиту, змін на ринку, законодавчих вимог. Зосереджено увагу на тому що у сфері сільського господарства органом двосторонньої співпраці між Україною та КНР є українсько-китайська Підкомісія з питань співробітництва в галузі сільського господарства Міжурядової комісії Китай - Україна. Як відзначено в дослідженні, використання сучасних технологій дозволяють автоматизувати багато процесів, зменшити витрати та підвищити продуктивність. Зокрема, використання дронів для моніторингу полів, застосування сенсорів для контролю за вологістю ґрунту та температурою, а також використання спеціалізованого програмного забезпечення для управління господарством – все це сприяє оптимізації роботи і збільшенню врожайності. В статті відмічено що успіх партнерства залежить від багатьох чинників, включаючи вибір партнера, розробку ефективної стратегії, а також здатність партнерів адаптуватися до змін ринкового середовища. А формування маркетингу партнерських відносин між підприємствами аграрної сфери України та Китаю базується на інтегрованому підході, що охоплює кілька етапів та напрямів.
APLIKASI SISTEM INFORMASI KEGIATAN PEMBANGUNAN DESA SINDANGASIH
Authors: Aris Aris , Cahyadi Dede , Linggi Dean Denzel , Sinalita Yosphin , Rouli Eny
Published: February 2025

Kecamatan Sindangasih merupakan bagian dari Kecamatan Rajeg dan Kecamatan Pasar Kemis. Ketika kebutuhan pembangunan desa bagi masyarakat semakin meningkat di Kecamatan Pasar Kemis, diperlukan pemekaran sebagai solusinya. Alhasil, terbentuklah sebuah kecamatan baru yang dikenal dengan Kecamatan Sindangasih. Dalam pembenahan Kota Sindangasih sebenarnya tidak bisa diterapkan di semua segmen. Masyarakat sulit memahami di mana dan mengapa dana desa digunakan, oleh warga kota Sindanasih. keuangan kota yang salah tersampaikan sedang dikembangkan latihan, sehingga daerah setempat hampir tidak mengenalnya. Karena permasalahan tersebut, sistem online berbasis website harus dikembangkan agar masyarakat dapat mengetahui bagaimana dana desa digunakan untuk pembangunan. Memanfaatkan strategi perencanaan Bahasa yang Disatukan (UML) untuk membuat kerangka kerja, serta bahasa pemrograman Individual Home Pages (PHP). Sehingga Anda dapat merencanakan dan membangun kerangka data perbaikan kota dengan anggaran belanja daerah aset kota untuk bantuan pemerintah dari orang-orang dari kota Sindangasih.
 
Kata Kunci : Website, Dana Desa, Sistem
Total Flavonoid Content and Antioxidant Activity of Soursop Leaves from the Three Largest Producing Areas of South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia
Authors: Faradiba Faradiba , Amin Asni , Sukmawati Sukmawati , Achmad Cindy Artikasari , Ananda Ratu Hilda , Dicka Saputri  , Nur adnin  , Sinta Faradilla  , Rezki Amriati Syarif
Published: February 2025

Soursop leaves (Annona muricata L.) have anticancer and antioxidant activities; soursop leaves contain substances with the potential as antioxidants, such as flavonoids. Antioxidant assays and total flavonoid content from the three largest producing regions in South Sulawesi Province, namely Gowa, Takalar, and Pinrang, were carried out to obtain data on the antioxidant activity and flavonoid content of soursop leaves (Annona muricata L.) three areas. Total Flavonoid content was determined by UV-Vis spectrophotometry, and antioxidant activity was measured by the DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl Hydrazyl) method. According to the study, soursop leaves (Annona muricata L.) from the Gowa, Takalar, and Pinrang regions have total flavonoid levels of 7,6484 mg QE/g, 3,74429 mg QE/g, and 3,3105 mg QE/g, respectively, and IC50 values of 70.509 g/mL, 102.159 g/mL, and 99.246 g/mL, respectively. The results showed that soursop leaves (Annona muricata L.) from the Gowa area had the highest flavonoid content and antioxidant activity. Gowa region could be the best source of soursop leaves for developing soursop as an herbal remedy.
Reduced‐volume radiotherapy versus conventional‐volume radiotherapy after induction chemotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: An open‐label, noninferiority, multicenter, randomized phase 3 trial
Authors: Tang Ling‐Long , Chen Lin , Xu Gui‐Qiong , Zhang Ning , Huang Cheng‐Long , Li Wen‐Fei , Mao Yan‐Ping , Zhou Guan‐Qun , Lei Feng , Chen Lu‐Si , Huang Shao Hui , Chen Lei , Chen Yu‐Pei , Zhang Yuan , Liu Xu , Xu Cheng , Zhao Yin , Li Ji‐Bin , Liu Na , Xie Fang‐Yun , Guo Rui , Sun Ying , Ma Jun
Published: February 2025

Background

Nearly 90% locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LANPC) responds to induction chemotherapy (IC) with significant tumor volume shrinkage. Radiotherapy always follows IC, and reduced volume has been proposed. However, the efficacy and safety of reduced‐volume radiotherapy is uncertain.

Methods

In this multi‐center, noninferiority, randomized, controlled trial, patients with LANPC who completed IC were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive reduced‐volume radiotherapy based on post‐IC tumor volume (Post‐IC group) or conventional volume radiotherapy based on pre‐IC tumor volume (Pre‐IC group). The primary endpoint was locoregional relapse‐free survival, with a noninferiority margin of 8%. Secondary endpoints comprised adverse events, and quality of life (QoL).

Results

Between August 7, 2020, and May 27, 2022, 445 patients were randomly assigned to Post‐IC (n = 225) or Pre‐IC (n = 220) groups. The average volume receiving radical dose was 66.6 cm3 in Post‐IC group versus 80.9 cm3. After a median follow‐up of 40.4 months, the 3‐year locoregional relapse‐free survival was 91.5% in the Post‐IC group versus 91.2%, with a difference of 0.3% (95% confidence interval −4.9% to 5.5%). The incidence of grade 3‐4 radiation‐related toxicity was lower in the Post‐IC group including: acute mucositis (19.8% vs 34.1%), late otitis media (9.5% vs 20.9%) and late dry month (3.6% vs 9.5%). The Post‐IC group had better QoL for global health status, physical functioning, emotional functioning, dry mouth and sticky saliva.

Conclusions

In this trial, reduced‐volume radiotherapy was noninferior to conventional volume radiotherapy in locoregional relapse‐free survival, and was associated with lower toxicities and improved QoL. (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT04384627).
Kapasitas Masyarakat Dalam Menghadapi Bencana Banjir Di Desa Bojong Kulur, Kecamatan Gunung Putri, Kabupaten Bogor
Authors: Ramadhan Wahyu , Komala Dewi Indarti , Sri Mulyawati Lilis
Published: February 2025

Desa Bojong Kulur merupakan salah satu Desa yang ada di Kecamatan Gunung Putri, Kabupaten Bogor merupakan salah satu daerah rawan bencana banjir. Banjir di Desa Bojong Kulur disebabkan karena Desa Bojong Kulur sendiri diapit oleh dua sungai dan hujan dari hulu yang mengalir ke hilir. Untuk mengurangi risiko bencana banjir, kapasitas masyarakat perlu ditingkatkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kapasitas fisik, kapasitas ekonomi, kapasitas sosial, dan kapasitas masyarakat dalam penanggulangan bencana banjir di Desa Bojong Kulur.  Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi lapangan, penyebaran kuesioner, wawancara ahli, studi literatur, dan survei. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG), metode analisis pembobotan (kuantitatif), dan metode analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kapasitas fisik kapasitas fisik sedang dengan nilai diantaranya dusun 1 (2,01), dusun 2 (1,86), dusun 3 (1,94), dusun 4 (1,94), dusun 5 (1,88), dusun 6 (2,04), kapasitas ekonomi klasifikasi sedang dengan nilai diantaranya dusun 1 (1,99), dusun 2 (2,12), dusun 3 (1,74), dusun 4 (2,15), dusun 5 (1,74), dusun 6 (2,01). kapasitas sosial tinggi dan sedang nilai diantaranya dusun 1 (2,71), dusun 2 (2,40), dusun 3 (2,08), dusun 4 (2,87), dusun 5 (2,26), dusun 6 (2,23) dan kapasitas masyarakat tinggi dengan nilai diantaranya dusun 1 (2,24) dan dusun 4 (2,32), klasifikasi sedang terdapat pada dusun 2 (2,13) dan dusun 5 (2,09), klasifikasi rendah ada di dusun 3 (1,92) dan dusun 5 (1,96).
Perubahan Lahan Pertanian Di Kecamatan Kotabaru Kabupaten Karawang
Authors: Aulia Anisa , Mujio Mujio , Trilusianthy Hidayat Janthy
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini mengkaji alih fungsi lahan pertanian di Kecamatan Kotabaru, Kabupaten Karawang, yang terkenal sebagai salah satu lumbung padi nasional. Penelitian dilakukan sejak Maret 2021.  Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, dokumentasi, wawancara, dan kuesioner. Analisis data dulakukan dengan analisis deskriptif, overlay, dan analisis kuantitatif. Berdasarkan data tahun 2017 hingga 2021, luas lahan sawah berkurang dari 1.332 hektar menjadi 1.276 hektar, dengan laju alih fungsi rata-rata sebesar -4,32% per tahun. Alih fungsi lahan terbesar terjadi pada tahun 2019, dengan 16 hektar sawah berubah menjadi kawasan perumahan. Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi bahwa faktor strategis, seperti pembangunan kereta cepat, kawasan industri, dan akses tol, serta meningkatnya jumlah penduduk, menjadi pendorong utama alih fungsi lahan di Kecamatan Kotabaru. Perencanaan tata ruang wilayah di Kecamatan Kotabaru sebagian besar telah sesuai dengan alokasi untuk permukiman, namun terus bertambahnya kebutuhan lahan permukiman menimbulkan konflik penggunaan lahan yang berdampak pada berkurangnya luas lahan pertanian. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan masukan untuk perencanaan tata ruang yang lebih berkelanjutan guna melindungi lahan pertanian di wilayah tersebut.
Kata Kunci: alih fungsi lahan, lahan pertanian, dan permukiman  
Kotabaru District, Karawang Regency, which is known as one of the national rice barns. The research was conducted since March 2021.  Data were collected through observation, documentation, interviews, and questionnaires. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive analysis, overlay, and quantitative analysis. Based on data from 2017 to 2021, the area of paddy fields decreased from 1,332 hectares to 1,276 hectares, with an average conversion rate of -4.32% per year. The largest land conversion occurred in 2019, with 16 hectares of paddy fields turned into residential areas. This research identifies that strategic factors, such as the development of fast trains, industrial estates, and toll access, as well as the increasing population, are the main drivers of land conversion in Kecamatan Kotabaru. Spatial planning in Kotabaru Sub-district is largely in accordance with the allocation for settlements, but the growing need for residential land has led to land use conflicts that have resulted in a reduction in the area of agricultural land. The results of this study are expected to provide input for more sustainable spatial planning to protect agricultural land in the region.
Keywords: land use change, agricultural land, and settlements
Vivências das crianças na cidade
Authors: Dias Gomes Marin Fatima Aparecida , De Sousa Evangelista Ariadne
Published: February 2025

Este artigo aborda a relação entre infância e cidade, com o objetivo de compreender as experiências das crianças no ambiente urbano, focando na sua permanência em instituições educativas e nas interações entre pares. Fundamentado na Sociologia da Infância, o estudo qualitativo foi conduzido por meio de um estudo de caso, envolvendo vinte crianças de nove a onze anos de idade, provenientes de escolas públicas em Presidente Prudente (SP): dez de uma escola central e dez de uma periférica. Por meio das narrativas das crianças, foi elaborado um quadro de rotina que descreveu os espaços frequentados e o tempo dedicado a cada atividade ao longo de uma semana escolar (de segunda a sexta-feira). Os resultados destacaram que a maior parte do tempo das crianças era ocupada pela escola, pelo programa de Educação Integral Cidadescola, por projetos sociais e outros cursos. A interação social predominante ocorria com os pares, embora as interações com adultos também fossem mencionadas. Concluiu-se que as crianças passam a maior parte do seu tempo em ambientes supervisionados por adultos, o que limita suas oportunidades de brincar e explorar a cidade de forma autônoma. Esse fenômeno impacta significativamente os processos de socialização e desenvolvimento da autonomia infantil.
Review of studies on risk allocation and sharing in public-private partnership projects for infrastructure delivery
Authors: Mazher Khwaja Mateen
Published: February 2025

Public–private partnerships (PPPs) continue to grow globally as a means of procuring essential infrastructure and services to meet the ever-increasing demands of rising population and enhanced service delivery standards. Adequate risk allocation and sharing (RAS) is considered a critical success factor in PPP project delivery, however, it is exceptionally complex to establish and structure, difficult to monitor, and demands effort to properly enforce it in PPP contracts. This study aims to systematically review the existing PPP research in the RAS domain to explore the status quo, trends, and gaps in research. A thorough search and a meticulous shortlisting of academic literature resulted in 80 relevant journal articles published since the start of the 21st century whereafter a systematic content analysis was performed on these articles. Frequency analysis showed that nearly half of the reviewed papers were published by three journals including the journal of construction engineering and management, international journal of project management and construction management and economics journal. Furthermore, China and Australia seem to be the most active contributors accounting for 42 articles. Researchers extensively relied on case studies, literature review and surveys among other research methodologies for RAS research. The review further categorized the articles in five subcategories for in depth analysis. Most of the research reviewed falls in the “risks allocation and sharing preferences, practices, and models” category and accounts for 49% of the journal articles reviewed whereas the second largest category “government support and guarantees” accounts for 29% of the articles reviewed. Several research gaps were identified, and it is hoped that the results will motivate future research and enhance the body of knowledge in the domain of RAS in PPPs.
Heterogeneous Fenton-like CuO-CoOx/SBA-15 catalyst for organic pollutant degradation: synthesis, performance, and mechanism
Authors: Li Jinwei , Wei Yifei , Liu Qiang , Guan Huanhuan , Jiang Chengchun , Sun Xiaohui
Published: February 2025

In this study, CuO-CoOx/SBA-15 catalysts were successfully synthesized via ultrasonic impregnation, and their performance in degrading nitrobenzene within a Fenton-like system was investigated. The catalyst materials were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope(TEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The CuO-CoOx/SBA-15 catalysts featured well-distributed CuO-CoOx nanoparticles within the mesoporous SBA-15 support. Compared to CuO/SBA-15 and Co3O4/SBA-15 catalysts with similar microstructures, the CuO-CoOx/SBA-15 catalysts exhibited Cu-Co dual active centers and a higher abundance of redox-active sites. During catalytic degradation, H2O2 was continuously activated on the catalyst surface through efficient Cu+/Cu2+ and Co2+/Co3+ redox cycles. The experimental conditions (initial pH, catalyst dosage, and H2O2 dosage) were optimized, resulting in 99% nitrobenzene removal over a wide pH range (3.0–9.0). The primary mechanisms for the oxidation and subsequent removal of nitrobenzene in the CuO-CoOx/SBA-15-H2O2 system were identified as reactions with hydroxyl radicals (·OH).
Men as offenders while women as victims: a corpus-based study of men and women in the United Nations
Authors: Xue Jiaqi
Published: February 2025

This study examines the representations of men and women in the United Nations Parallel Corpus-English (UNPC-E) by using the corpus linguistics tool, Sketch Engine. Three types of grammatical collocations were explored, including verbs frequently collocating with MAN and WOMAN when they serve as subjects and objects, and adjectives used as predicates in relation to them. The results reveal that within the UN discourse, men are often portrayed as offenders while women tend to be depicted as victims. This pattern of representations may stem from the UN’s agenda focused on addressing gender-based inequality, as well as from the conventional reporting bias that might have influenced data availability. In general, this study broadens the scope of research in the field of gender and corpus linguistics to some extent, offering a more comprehensive and international perspective on the representations of men and women through the analysis of the UN corpus.
Identification and validation of key genes associated with cell senescence in acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Zhao Weidong , Zhu Guofu , Chu Tianshu , Wu Liyong , Li Hui , Zhen Qingwen , Wang Rigui
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Cellular senescence can cause heart failure. However, studies on diagnostic markers related to cellular senescence in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have not been reported. Therefore, this study explores the mechanism of key genes related to cellular senescence in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) through a bioinformatics approach.

Methods

AMI related datasets were obtained from gene expression omnibus (GEO) database, and 3,058 cellular senescence related genes (CSRGs) were extracted from Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB). First, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened by differential expression analysis,and then Weighted gene co—expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to obtained the key module. CSRGs, DEGs and genes in key module were intersected to acquire intersected genes, and candidate genes were also screened out by constructing a protein protein interaction (PPI) network.Afterwards, candidate genes were then subjected to a machine learning approach to identify key genes and enrichment analyses were performed on individual genes Finally, immuno-infiltrative analysis, competing-endogenous RNA (ceRNA) and drug-gene networks construction were conducted. Besides, the expression of key genes were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).

Results

Screening for two key genes (ATP6V0B and DYNLL1) from 914 DEGs, and they were involved in functional pathways such as ‘mast cell activation’, ‘cytosolic ribosome’. Thereafter, we found infiltration of neutrophils, CD4 T cells memory resting and T cells gamma delta was notably different between AMI and control samples. Pearson correlation analysis suggested that the neutrophils had highest positive correlation with ATP6V0B (Cor = 0.7), while had highest negative correlation with DYNLL1 (Cor = −0.6). The ceRNA network had one mRNA (DYNLL1), one miRNA (hsa-miR-330-5p) and four circRNAs. Eventually, drug—ATP6V0B network had 74 nodes and 73 edges, drug—DYNLL1 network had 119 nodes and 118 edges. qRT-PCR suggested that the expression trend of DYNLL1 was consistent with the result of bioinformatic analysis. Notably, DYNLL1 was significantly down-regulated in the case group.

Conclusion

Identified and validated DYNLL1 as a key gene related to cellular senescence in AMI, which is of great significance for the diagnosis and molecular targeted therapy of AMI.
Understanding the link between ALDH2 genotypes and diabetes
Authors: Peng Miaomiao , Liu Ruikang , Zhang Jiaoyue , Kong Wen , Zheng Juan , Hu Xiang , Wan Limin , Hu Shengqing , Tian Shenghua , Wang Ying , Liu Geng , Qiu Kangli , Zeng Tianshu , Chen Lulu
Published: February 2025

Introduction

The association between aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2) rs671 and diabetes remains controversial, with uncertainty about whether alcohol consumption or other factors mediate or modify this relationship. This study aimed to examine the ALDH2–diabetes association using standardized clinical criteria while systematically investigating potential confounding, mediating, and interacting factors in a community-based cohort.

Method

We analyzed baseline data from 4,535 participants in the China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort Study (4C study). Diabetes was diagnosed based on standardized clinical criteria, including fasting plasma glucose, 2-h postprandial glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), or documented prior diagnosis. We evaluated the association between ALDH2 rs671 and diabetes risk using both logistic and Cox regression models, with age as the time scale and adjustment for potential confounders. Comprehensive mediation and interaction analyses were performed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

Result

Among male participants, the ALDH2 rs671 GA/AA genotype was associated with a lower diabetes risk compared to the GG genotype after adjusting for alcohol consumption and other potential confounders (OR = 0.751, 95% CI: 0.567–0.995). Subgroup analyses revealed that this protective effect was most pronounced in individuals with BMI < 24 (OR = 0.651, 95% CI: 0.448–0.947), with significant interaction p-values of 0.024. In mediation analysis, abdominal adiposity accounted for 30.4% (95% CI: 10.0%–127.0%) of the ALDH2–diabetes association and BMI mediated 18.9% (95% CI: 4.8%–75.4%) of this relationship, while alcohol consumption showed no significant mediating effect (p = 0.56).

Conclusion

Our findings revealed that East Asian men with the ALDH2 GG genotype had an increased risk of diabetes compared to those with the GA/AA genotype, particularly among individuals with a BMI < 24. Interestingly, increased adiposity, especially abdominal fat, emerged as a potential mediator rather than alcohol consumption. Thus, individuals with the GG genotype, even with a relatively normal BMI, may benefit from regular moderate-intensity exercise and dietary interventions aimed at managing waist circumference.
Comparison of incidence trends of early-onset and late-onset type 2 diabetes in the Asia-Pacific region, 1990-2021: a join point regression analysis based on the global burden of disease study 2021
Authors: Lin Chenying , An Haohua , Lin Jingna , Cao Yuejuan , Yang Zhen
Published: February 2025

Introduction

This study evaluated the incidence trends of early-onset (diagnosed at ages 15-39) and late-onset (diagnosed at age 40 and above) type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the Asia-Pacific region, including the World Health Organization (WHO) South-East Asia Region (SEARO) and Western Pacific Region (WPRO), and assessed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

Using data from the Global Burden of Diseases Study (GBD) 2021, we analyzed trends in age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) using Join point regression to determine annual percentage change (APC). To assess the pandemic’s impact, we calculated excess incidence for 2020 and 2021 by subtracting predicted ASIR from observed ASIR.

Results

In recent years, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, the ASIR for early-onset T2DM in the Asia-Pacific region accelerated significantly. SEARO’s APC rose from 2.24% between 2011-2019 to 5.45% between 2019-2021. Similarly, WPRO’s APC increased from 1.71% between 1999-2017 to 5.01% between 2017-2021. In 2021, the ASIR for early-onset T2DM was 269.6 per 100,000 in WPRO and 248.4 per 100,000 in SEARO. Conversely, late-onset T2DM ASIR growth in SEARO slowed after 2017 (APC 1.92% for 2005-2017 vs. 1.04% for 2017-2021), while WPRO saw a decline (APC 1.06% for 2007-2017 vs. -1.10% for 2017-2021). During the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and 2021, the observed ASIR of early-onset T2DM in the Asia-Pacific region exceeded historical predictions, showing a positive excess in ASIR.

Conclusions

This study reveals a significant recent increase in early-onset T2DM incidence in the Asia-Pacific region, highlighting the need for targeted public health interventions.
Fault mitigation and diagnosis for lithium-ion batteries: a review
Authors: Rao K. Dhananjay , Lakshmi Pujitha N. Naga , Rao Ranga MadhuSudana , Manaswi Ch. , Dawn Subhojit , Ustun Taha Selim , Kalam Akhtar
Published: February 2025

Due to their high energy density, long life cycle, minimal self-discharge (SD), and environmental benefits, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have become increasingly prevalent in electronics, electric vehicles (EVs), and grid support systems. However, their usage also brings about heightened safety concerns and potential hazards. Therefore, it is crucial to promptly identify and diagnose any issues arising within these batteries to mitigate risks. Early detection and diagnosis of faults such as Battery Management Systems (BMS) malfunctions, internal short circuits (ISC), overcharging, over-discharging, aging effects, and thermal runaway (TR) are essential for mitigating these risks and preventing accidents. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of fault diagnosis by meticulously examining prior research in the field. It begins with an introduction to the significance of LIBs, followed by discussions on safety concerns, fault diagnosis, and the benefits of such diagnostic approaches. Subsequently, each fault is thoroughly examined, along with discussions on methods for detection and diagnosis, including both model-based and non-model-based approaches. Additionally, the study elevates the role of cloud-based technologies for real-time monitoring and enhancing fault mitigation strategies. The results show how well these approaches work to increase LIB systems’ safety, dependability, and economic feasibility while emphasizing the necessity for sophisticated diagnostic methods to support their growing use in a variety of applications.
Using a bioindicator species to evaluate soil limitations for the recruitment of a recalcitrant tree seed species of Central Chile threatened by climate change
Authors: Morales Narkis S. , Fernández Ignacio C. , Riquelme-Alarcón Joaquín , Arellano Eduardo C.
Published: February 2025

Human activities have significantly altered over three-quarters of the Earth’s land surface, intensifying in the last century and threatening remaining ecosystems with ongoing land use changes and climate change. In Chile’s Mediterranean zone, habitat degradation and climate change pose severe threats to biodiversity, particularly affecting endemic tree species with recalcitrant seeds, such as Beilschmiedia miersii, which can face recruitment limitations due to changing environmental conditions and prolonged droughts. This study aims to determine if soil and site-specific conditions at B. miersii population sites limit seed germination and establishment. The study used Lens culinaris as a surrogate bioindicator species to assess soil conditions and their effects on germination and growth. We used laboratory-based experiments and statistical models to analyze the influence of biotic and abiotic factors, including soil nutrients, vegetation cover, and climatic changes. The study’s findings indicate that soil conditions at the examined sites do not pose significant limitations to germination and plant growth. This suggests that the studied sites retain the potential for recruitment, despite the observed variations in soil and site conditions. The results imply that other factors, such as historical climate changes and herbivory, may be impeding recruitment success. While further research is needed to identify the specific factors hindering recruitment and develop effective conservation strategies, this study provides valuable insights into the potential limitations affecting B. miersii recruitment. These findings highlight the importance of considering multiple environmental factors beyond soil conditions when addressing recruitment challenges in threatened species.
Co-infections exacerbate inflammatory responses in COVID-19 patients, promoting coagulopathy and myocardial injury, leading to increased disease severity
Authors: Chang Xiaoxia , Lai Yanjun , Zhao Yingying , Zhao Jing , Zhang Yunchao , Qian Xiaotao , Zhang Guochao
Published: February 2025

Objectives

Severe COVID-19 infection is characterized by excessive inflammatory responses, hypercoagulation, and microvascular dysfunction. However, limited research has investigated the effects of co-infections on these characteristics in COVID-19 patients. This study aims to explore how co-infections influence inflammation, hypercoagulability, and microvascular dysfunction in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, and to assess their impact on disease progression.

Methods

This was a retrospective cohort study involving 630 COVID-19 inpatients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA at Xi’an Ninth Hospital. The patients were categorized into two groups: a severe group (n = 176) and a mild group (n = 454). Additionally, they were further subdivided into a co-infected (n = 106) group and a non-co-infected group (n=524) based on the presence or absence of co-infections. Clinical characteristics and laboratory findings were analyzed and compared between the groups.

Results

In the co-infected group, 60 patients (56.6%) were classified as severe cases, and 15 (14.2%) died. By comparison, in the non-co-infected group, 97 patients (18.5%) were severe cases, with 4 (0.8%) deaths. The severity and mortality rates were significantly higher in co-infected patients compared to those non-co-infections. The severe and co-infected groups exhibited significantly higher levels of inflammatory cells, inflammatory factors, coagulation biomarkers, and myocardial injury markers compared to the mild and non-co-infected groups. Conversely, lymphocyte counts, RBC counts, HGB, HCT, TP, and ALB levels were significantly lower in the severe and co-infected groups than in the mild and non-co-infected groups. Furthermore, a notable positive correlation was observed among inflammatory factors, coagulation function, and myocardial injury biomarkers in COVID-19 patients.

Conclusion

Co-infections in COVID-19 patients can trigger severe inflammatory responses. This excessive inflammation may lead to coagulation disorders and myocardial injury, all of which are key contributors to disease progression and deterioration. Therefore, implementing infection prevention measures to minimize the spread of co-infections among hospitalized COVID-19 patients is crucial.
Buoy-based monitoring of sea surface carbon dioxide partial pressure at Qingdao coastal area
Authors: Cao Lu , Li Su , Zhang Shuwei , Wu Ning , Zhang Keke , Li Wenqing , Ma Ran , Chu Dongzhi , Wang Ni , Liu Yan
Published: February 2025

Continuous time series observations of seawater carbon dioxide partial pressure (pCO2) are crucial for documenting temporal variations in air-sea CO2 fluxes. To examine the seawater pCO2 variation and its influence factors at Qingdao coastal waters, a high-resolution observation of seawater pCO2 near the Xiaomaidao Island was conducted from May 29 to July 25 in 2024. Sea surface pCO2 varied from 519 µatm to 717 µatm during this monitoring period, with an obvious decline and rise from July 12 to 21. The variation of seawater pCO2 was mainly affected by the increasing sea surface temperature, except for the period of pCO2 decrease which was caused by Ulva prolifera bloom. Accompanied by the increase of U. prolifera, sea surface pCO2 decreased to 563 µatm, then the coverage of U. prolifera decreased and sea surface pCO2 rose to 669 µatm during period of July 12 to 21. The observation site acted as a source for atmospheric CO2 throughout the monitoring period, with air-sea CO2 flux ranging from less than 1 mmol m-2 d-1 to over 100 mmol m-2 d-1, resulting in a total CO2 release of 334 mmol m-2. Thus, it is essential for high-resolution measurement of pCO2 in coastal areas.
Molecular dynamics simulation on the heat transfer at liquid-solid interfaces and enhancement mechanism
Authors: Zhang Lihui , Yang Huichuang , Wang Gang , Wang Zhongxu
Published: February 2025

To investigate the effect of surface roughness on the heat transfer mechanism, a molecular dynamics model of heat transfer between solid and liquid interfaces was established in this paper. The temperature distribution, heat flux, thermal resistance, and number density distribution of water molecules in the interface are calculated and discussed systematically. The effects of energy parameters between solid and liquid, and the roughness level of the wall on the heat transfer performance were analyzed. The results show that as the energy parameter rises from 0.413 to 1.651 kcal/mol, the heat flux increases from 1.5 × 109 to 3.2 × 109 Wm−2, and the thermal resistance at the cold and hot ends of the solid-liquid interface demonstrates a decreasing trend from 18.75 × 10−9 to 2.50 × 10−9 Km2·W−1. It indicates that the interaction between solid and liquid is enhanced, and more water molecules gather near the solid-liquid interface, which promotes energy transfer and thus strengthens the heat transfer between solid and liquid. As the depth of surface roughness varies from 1a to 2.5a, the static contact angle of droplets decreases from 69.06° ± 0.28° to 49.98° ± 0.44°, slightly enhancing the hydrophilicity of the rough wall structure. Thus, compared with the smooth wall, the rough wall structure enables more water molecules to come into contact with the wall, thereby increasing the heat transfer area and consequently enhancing the heat flux and reducing the thermal resistance. With the increase of wall roughness, the cold (hot) thermal resistance further decreases from 19.2 (19.7) × 10−9 to 4.9 (5.0) × 10−9 Km2·W−1.