bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
​Development of Watershed Programme for Environment and Agriculture Sustainability in SAT Region, Central India
Authors: Singh K.N. , Rajawat B.S. , Dahate A. , . Liansangpuii
Published: August 2021

Background: Study has been undertaken in SAT (Semi-arid tropics) region located between 23o 8'- 26o 30' latitude and 78o11'- 81o30' longitude with an altitude varying from 230 to 280 m above mean sea level (MSL), Central India for assessing the impact after interventions of natural resource management (NRM) under watershed development programme. Agricultural productivity of Semi-arid tropics oscillates between 0.5 and 2.0 ton ha-1 with an average of one ton per ha (Rockstrom et al., 2010; Wani et al., 2011a, 2011b). The main objectives of this study are to establish agroforestry based crop cultivation which provides nutritional food as well as transform the mankind’s living status and also supports the doubling farmer’s income goal without associated ecological harm. Methods: To evaluate the economic feasibility and crop productivity along with agroforestry was worked out on the basis of survey and sampling. To get uniform samples of crops from cultivated fields some specific area selected (1 m x 1 m size) and get about 80 crop samples for measurements from whole watershed. All data has been collected through survey of 40% households of watershed and then all these data subjected to statistical analysis in the laboratory. To minimize the problem and rejuvenate the water body, water resource development plan helps in identify the available sources so that appropriate and effective with durable solutions can be formulated. The net return of crop cultivated was calculated by subtracting the cost of cultivation incurred from sowing to harvesting, for each crop from the gross return and then benefit-cost ratio was estimated for further improvement or scaled up and livelihood security of former. Result: The study has revealed that after watershed interventions and agroforestry based Crop cultivation, water level increased 2-6 m, crop production increased by 45-47%, cropping intensity increased 97-98% from 44-46% and migration decreased by 70-72%. During both season, the expenses on irrigation and labour will decrease, crop productivity will improve and benefit-cost ratio increased. Nutrition based food production provided the base for food security as it is a key determination of food availability.
Refinement of Technology on Dry Flowers: A Review
Authors: Pant Pooja , Singh Babita
Published: August 2021

Dry flower market has grown exponentially as consumers become eco-conscious and choose dry flowers as eco-friendly and biodegradable alternative to fresh flowers. Dried flowers and other plant parts are nature’s everlasting gift which can be treasured over years. They have tremendous potential as substitute for fresh flowers and foliage as their charm can be maintained from few months to years with lesser cost. The market demand of dry flowers and ornamentals is increasing day by day and can become lucrative income generating hobby for entrepreneurs in India either by producing or marketing dried flowers and ornamentals.
Morphological and Biochemical Basis of Resistance in Indian Bean, Lablab purpureus var. typicus (L.) Sweet Varieties against Pod Borers
Authors: Anvesh K. , Choudhary Shivani , Kumawat K.C. , Mittal G.K. , Gaur Kiran
Published: August 2021

Background: Indian bean, Lablab purpureus var. typicus (L.) Sweet (family: Fabaceae) is an important vegetable crop in India and other countries. The main reasons of variability in the pattern of resistance shown by different genotypes were explained by Painter (1951). Antibiosis is an adverse impact of the host plant on the biology of the insect pests and their progeny due to the biochemical and biophysical factors present in it. Methods: The experiment was laid out in a simple randomized block design (RBD) with seven treatments, each replicated thrice. The plot size was 1.8x1.8 m2 keeping row to row and plant to plant distance of 45 cm each. The Indian bean varieties, Arka Jay, Konkan Bhushan, Diana, Bauni, Pari, JK Special and Ganganagar local were sown on 25th July in Kharif, 2019 (July-November). Horticulture Farm of S.K.N. College of Agriculture, Jobner (Rajasthan). The recommended package of practices was followed to raise the crop. Various morphological parameters, viz., pod length, pod width, pod shell thickness, pod weight and number of seeds per pod were noted. The biochemical parameters, viz., moisture content, phenol content, total sugars, total protein and fibre content were analyzed. Result: The results obtained were subjected to correlation and regression analysis to draw the impact of these parameters on pod damage. Morphological parameters like pod length, pod shell thickness showed positive correlation (r = 0.77) with pod damage. Biochemical parameters like moisture content in pods, total sugars, reducing and non-reducing and protein content showed a positive correlation (r = 0.84, 0.86, 0.82, 0.89 and 0.79) with pod damage. Phenol content and fibre content in pods had a negative correlation (r = -0.93 and -0.89) with pod damage.
Cyclo(Tyr-Tyr) Dipeptidinin Teorik IR, Raman ve Moleküler Yapı Analizi
Authors: Çelik Sefa , Akyüz Sevim , Özel Ayşen
Published: August 2021

Bu çalışmada HT-29, Hela ve MCF-7 hücre hatlarına karşı antikanser etki gösteren Cyclo(Tyr-Tyr) dipeptidinin olası en kararlı yedi konformasyonu tirozin aminoasilerinin χ yan zincir dihedral açılarına bağlı olarak konformasyon analizi yapılarak belirlenmiştir. Konformasyon analizi sonrasında belirlenen konformasyonlara ait geometrik yapılar, yan zincire ait dihedral açıdaki değişimler ve konformerlerin toplam ve bağıl enerjileri ile bu konformasyonların toplam enerjilerine katkı sağlayan van der Waals, elektrostatik, torsiyon enerji katkıları ayrı ayrı hesaplanmıştır. Ek olarak bu dipeptidin dimerik formu, kuantum kimyasal ab-initio hesaplamalarla optimize edilerek halka yapıya ait w, φ, Ψ dihedral açıları monomer form ile karşılaştırmalı olarak verilmiştir ve dimerik formu oluşturan moleküller arası hidrojen bağları belirlenmiştir.
İlerleyen Sansürlü Örneklemlere Dayalı Olarak Weibull Dağılımının Şekil Parametresinin Sağlam Tahmin Edicileri
Authors: Altin Yavuz Arzu
Published: August 2021

Yaşam modellerinde parametre tahmini oldukça önemli bir konudur. Uygulamada karşılaşılan veri tipi genellikle ilerleyen sansürlenmiş veri şeklindedir. İlerleyen sansürlü örneklemlere dayalı parametre tahmini, klasik tam örneklem durumundan farklıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı ilerleyen sansürlü veriye dayalı olarak Weibull dağılımının şekil parametresini tahmin etmektir. Bu amaçla Weibull dağılımının şekil parametresi basit doğrusal regresyon modeli kullanılarak tahmin edilmiştir. Tahmin yöntemi olarak En Küçük Kareler (EKK) ve sağlam (robust) tahmin yöntemi olan M (Huber, Tukey ve Hampel) tahmin edicileri ele alınmıştır. Bu tahmin yöntemlerinin etkinlikleri veri setinin aykırı değer içerip içermeme durumuna göre Monte-Carlo simülasyon çalışmasıyla karşılaştırılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, ilerleyen sansürlü örnekleme dayalı olarak Weibull dağılımının şekil parametresinin tahmini için en etkili tahmin edicinin M tahmin ediciler olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Microstructure Investigation of Thermally Induced Phase Transformation in Fe–Mn– Mo–Si Alloys
Authors: Armağan Osman , Kırındı Talip
Published: August 2021

In this study, structural and crystallographic properties of phase transformations in Fe–Mn– Mo–Si (Mn = 15.14 wt.% and 18.45 wt.%) alloys were investigated. The effects of heat treatment temperature on microstructure were investigated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Metallurgical Microscopy (MM). In addition to this, crystallographic properties of phase transformations were revealed by using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and X–Ray Diffraction (XRD) methods. In the samples subjected to heat treatment at 750 C, it was observed that bainite structure was formed in the alloy where Mn amount was low and ferrite structure in the alloy where Mn amount was higher. In addition, it was found that both alloys heat–treated at 900 C had the same microstructure (pearlite structure) in SEM and MM microscopy. At the same time, microstructure observations revealed that bainite and pearlite structures contain a mixture of ferrite and cementite. In the TEM studies it was revealed by electron diffraction pattern analyses that bainite and ferrite phase crystallized in b.c.c. structure and cementite phase in orthorhombic structure. → type transformation was observed for –bainite formation, and orientation relationship was found as 〖(1 ̅11)〗_//〖(011)〗_ , 〖[101]〗_//〖[1 ̅11 ̅]〗_.
Mensurando a desigualdade no Brasil
Authors: Hoffmann Rodolfo , Vaz Daniela Verzola
Published: August 2021

Analisa-se a distribuição da renda (RFPC) e da despesa (DFPC) familiar per capita no Brasil à luz dos dados da Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares (POF) de 2017-2018, comparando-a com suas duas edições anteriores. Adicionalmente, o índice de Gini da RFPC é decomposto conforme parcelas do rendimento. Os resultados mostram que entre as POFs 2008-2009 e 2017-2018 houve aumento no nível médio da RFPC e da DFPC e redução da desigualdade em suas distribuições, acompanhando as tendências já observadas entre 2002-2003 e 2008-2009. Entretanto, entre 2002-2003 e 2008-2009 a queda na desigualdade foi impulsionada pela redução das disparidades entre as regiões do País, ao passo que entre 2008 e 2017 a desigualdade inter-regional aumentou, tornando-se um fator importante para compreender por que a desigualdade geral sofreu redução em seu ritmo de queda. A decomposição do índice de Gini mostra que as aposentadorias do RGPS, que já eram progressivas, tiveram queda de quase 10% em seu grau de concentração.
A construção do homem novo em Cuba (1959-1961)
Authors: Rosa Dayane de Freitas Colombo , Amaral Roseli Gall do , Melo José Joaquim Pereira
Published: August 2021

A alfabetização de um povo pode promover muito mais do que aprendizagens de leitura e escrita, como ressalta Paulo Freire (1987), pode promover libertação e cidadania, um novo modelo de homem e uma nova consciência de mundo. Neste trabalho, o objetivo foi traçar algumas reflexões sobre como se iniciou a construção, por meio da alfabetização, do modelo de homem ideal cubano: o homem novo. O procedimento metodológico foi uma pesquisa bibliográfica, de caráter historiográfico a partir do projeto de pesquisa: Cuba e a formação docente revolucionária: a construção do Homem Novo vinculado a Universidade Estadual de Maringá-UEM. Delimitou-se como fonte primária o Manual Alfabeticemos (CUBA, 1961b) e os discursos de Fidel Castro pronunciados nos anos de 1960, 1961 e 1967 e o discurso de Che Guevara de 1965. Em um cenário de transformação social, a educação cubana foi reformulada a partir de 1959, com vistas à construção de um novo modelo pedagógico de caráter político, social, econômico e cultural. O primeiro passo para essa reformulação foi a Campanha de Alfabetização realizada em 1961, na qual foi necessário fazer de cada cubano um professor. Assim, o projeto antropológico de Cuba foi se desenvolvendo e ganhando características no contexto de formação do professor alfabetizador a fim de transformar, ao mesmo tempo, o aprendiz em mestre. O estudo concluiu que discutir a práxis alfabetizadora cubana pode em muito promover a reflexão sobre as questões que envolvem um processo eficiente de combate ao analfabetismo em suas várias facetas.
Validación y puntos de corte de la versión en español del Cuestionario de Edades y Etapas: Social-emocional, 2da edición (ASQ:SE-2), en un entorno ambulatorio urbano de Lima-Perú.
Authors: Gudiel-Hermoza Adriel , Gudiel-Hermoza Jorge , Mancilla-Gudiel Yuri , Guillen-Pinto Daniel
Published: August 2021

Objetivos: Determinar la confiabilidad, validez y puntos de corte de la versión en español del Cuestionario de Edades y Etapas, 2da edición (del inglés Ages & Stages Questionnaires: Social-Emotional, 2nd Edition (ASQ: SE-2). Material y Métodos: Mediante muestreo por conveniencia se aplicaron formas del cuestionario ASQ: SE-2 a padres de niños entre 15 y 48 meses de edad. La confiabilidad se determinó por medio de la consistencia interna del coeficiente alfa ordinal (α) y la validez de contenido mediante la correlación ítem-test (r). Los puntos de corte para establecer zonas de riesgo se determinaron empleando el percentil 65 y la curva ROC. Resultados: De un total de  236 cuestionarios aplicados, el coeficiente alfa ordinal se ubicó entre aceptable y bueno (α = 0.73-0.87) para los 5 cuestionarios de intervalos de edad entre 18 y 48 meses. El índice de correlación de prueba de ítems mostró un buen poder discriminatorio para la mayoría de los ítems (r> 0.30), con la excepción de un ítem para los meses 30, 36 y 48. Nuevos puntos de corte para los intervalos de edad entre 15 y 48 meses fueron determinados. Conclusiones: La versión en español de ASQ: SE-2 aplicada a padres de niños de 15 a 48 meses de edad en un entorno ambulatorio y en un área urbana de Lima-Perú, demostró ser una herramienta confiable y válida para la vigilancia y detección de etapas del desarrollo emocional.
Doença de Alzheimer de início precoce (DAIP): características neuropatológicas e variantes genéticas associadas.
Authors: Ribeiro Helem F. , Dos Santos Jéssica Scarlet F. , De Souza Julyanne N.
Published: August 2021

A doença neurodegenerativa mais comum no mundo é a doença de Alzheimer (DA), e 10% dos casos apresentam sintomas antes dos 65 anos, quase todos com associação genética, com hereditariedade autossômica dominante e penetrância entre 92 a 100% dos portadores. Na presente revisão, realizamos uma busca sobre as variantes genéticas associadas à doença de Alzheimer de início precoce (DAIP), enfatizando as características associadas mais importantes e as principais mutações já descritas. Os genes mais comumente relacionados com o surgimento da DAIP são APP, PSEN1, PSEN2 e MAPT, e mutações nestes afetam o metabolismo e a estrutura destas proteínas, resultando em acúmulos de peptídeo Aβ que causam inflamação e toxicidade no cérebro, levando à ativação da micróglia e promovendo a liberação de fatores neurotóxicos e pró-inflamatórios que aceleram a neurodegeneração. O gene PSEN1 é responsável por 70% das mutações conhecidas da DAIP, sendo a L166P associada à idade de ocorrência da doença abaixo dos 30 anos. Mutações em APP levam à agregação da proteína em placas neurodegenerativas. Todas as mutações descritas para MAPT estão associadas a um aumento dos emaranhados neurofibrilares. O polimorfismo E4 da Apolipoproteína E (APOE) influencia o aumento no risco de DAIP elevando as chances em três vezes para portadores heterozigotos e entre oito a dez vezes para os homozigotos. Apenas 5% das mutações associadas à DAIP são conhecidas, e novos estudos apresentam outros genes candidatos, bem como a importância de alterações epigenéticas na gênese desta doença.
Uso inapropiado de psicofármacos prescritos: diazepam intravenoso en la emergencia psiquiátrica.
Authors: Quispe-Turpo Fabiola , Huanco-Condori Jéssica , Cruzado Lizardo
Published: August 2021

Las benzodiacepinas (BZD) son medicamentos esenciales en el tratamiento de diferentes problemas de salud: En el Petitorio Nacional de Medicamentos de nuestro país, figuran cinco de ellas autorizadas para administración oral o parenteral. Al inicio de su uso en la década de 1960, fueron prescritas de forma amplia e irrestricta; el desarrollo posterior de fenómenos de tolerancia y abstinencia desatados por su uso prolongado restringió enérgicamente su empleo, a veces por debajo de las reales necesidades clínicas. Aunque las BZD están incluidas en el grupo IV de sustancias controladas de la Agencia de Control de Drogas (DEA) de los Estados Unidos de América, se acepta que, en general, no son drogas primarias de abuso, y los fenómenos adictivos relacionados con su uso requieren factores adicionales de riesgo tales como comorbilidad con otras drogodependencias. Es necesario distinguir entre casos de “uso inapropiado” de las BZD y aquéllos que presentan criterios de franca dependencia. De hecho, se han reportado pocos casos de uso inapropiado de BZD prescritas por vía parenteral.  Se presenta y discute el de una mujer de 51 años que, por un tiempo prolongado, acudió a emergencia psiquiátricas debido a  crisis de disforia y ansiedad (no de pánico), recibiendo en varias oportunidades inyecciones intravenosas de diazepam, al punto que empezó luego a acudir reiteradamente para exigir la medicación sin que fuera médicamente necesaria. Es conveniente, por lo tanto, que el profesional que prescriba BZS parenterales, lo haga cuidadosa y cautelosamente a fin de prevenir un proceso adictivo que puede generar serias consecuencias.
Early Sport Specialization
Authors: Agel Julie , Post Eric
Published: August 2021

➤ Early sport specialization has been recognized as a potential factor in the relationship between physical activity and health since the early 1970s.

➤ There is no universally agreed-upon terminology or definition for early sport specialization, but early sport specialization typically encompasses preteen athletes who play 1 sport competitively throughout the year or play on several teams within 1 season, leading to intensive participation without variation in physical activity.

➤ There is a limited number of comprehensive long-term outcome studies that have identified a potential link between early sport specialization and musculoskeletal injury or burnout.

➤ Methodologically sound prospective research looking at chronologic age and years of participation by sports played will help to answer whether there is an impact from early sport specialization on the relationship with successful participation and injury occurrence.
Pembelajaran E-Learning sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Kemandirian Belajar Mahasiswa PGSD
Authors: Suyanti Suyanti
Published: August 2021

This study has the aim of increasing student learning independence by learning E-Learning. Researchers in their method use PTK (Classroom Action Research), consisting of three cycles. The research subjects were 1st semester students of the basic concepts of social studies at SD PGSD PGRI Madiun University. The analysis used in this study uses descriptive analysis techniques. The results showed that there was an increase in student learning independence accompanied by an increase in student learning outcomes in the first cycle, namely 20 students (72%) to the second cycle, namely 21 students (74.5%), then in the third cycle there was an increase of 28 students (89%) who had already achieve mastery learning scores.
Os nomes de origem indígena dos municípios paulistas: uma classificação
Authors: Navarro Eduardo de Almeida
Published: August 2021

Um fato que chama a atenção ao se observarem os nomes dos municípios do estado de São Paulo é a forte presença de topônimos com origem em línguas indígenas. Quase trinta e sete por cento deles são derivados do Tupi Antigo, da Língua Geral Paulista, do Guarani, do Nheengatu e de outras línguas não Tupi. Foram atribuídos por falantes dessas línguas, espontaneamente, entre os séculos XVI e XIX, ou por não falantes delas, artificialmente, no século XX. Nosso trabalho visa a analisar tais topônimos e classificá-los de acordo com as línguas de onde provieram e de acordo com a sua adequação ou inadequação linguística e/ou geográfica. Procuramos também compreender as causas da intensa nomeação artificial em línguas indígenas no século XX, um dos fenômenos socioculturais mais interessantes do Brasil no século passado.
Prática didática: entre a programação, a manipulação e o ajustamento
Authors: Lima Eliane Soares de
Published: August 2021

São as transformações que se impuseram à prática didática dos professores em face do discurso da mudança fortalecido pelos PCNs (1998) e, mais recentemente, pela BNCC (2018) o que nos interessa discutir. Nesse sentido, propomos apresentar, com base na perspectiva da Semiótica Discursiva e da Sociossemiótica, uma racionalização da atividade docente concebida enquanto prática semiótica, ou seja, como ação que constrói no seu desenrolar a significação de uma situação regida por códigos de conduta, normas e procedimentos (pré-)estabelecidos. Para isso, examinaremos as mudanças ocorridas na dinâmica de funcionamento narrativo da perspectiva didático-pedagógica tradicional a esta que se tem reconhecido como renovada. Esperamos com isso colaborar de alguma forma com a necessidade de esclarecimento e divulgação sobre o assunto, mostrando que na base dessa tão reivindicada transformação da prática didática na Educação Básica está a passagem da aula como percurso do ensinar, da performance do Sujeito-professor, ao percurso da aprendizagem, do Sujeito-aluno, ou seja, do monólogo ao diálogo, à construção conjunta de habilidades e competências.
O gênero proposta de redação e o ato responsivo nas temáticas redacionais do ENEM: diálogo e discurso na proposta de redação
Authors: Oliveira Cláudia , Ludovice Camila , Wotckoski Ricardo
Published: August 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo demonstrar, por meio de duas propostas de redação do Exame Nacional de Ensino Médio – ENEM, dos anos de 2011 e 2018, as relações dialógicas que se estabelecem entre as propostas e os contextos histórico, social e cultural, em momentos distintos. A pesquisa demonstrou que, embora os exames tenham uma intercorrência temporal de quase uma década, ambas se dão sob impacto relevante da internet. Todavia, a primeira ocorre sob a euforia do novo, enquanto a segunda, com forte influência da manipulação resultante do controle de dados. Sobre esses aspectos são os candidatos desafiados à reflexão e à tomada de posição a respeito do tema.
Análise funcionalista do caso Ablativo na língua armênia ocidental
Authors: Pereira Deize Crespim , Sarkissian Sarkis Ampar
Published: August 2021

Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar os usos e funções do caso Ablativo na variedade linguística ocidental do idioma armênio. O corpus se constitui de ocorrências coletadas em jornais digitais armênios, publicados na Armênia e na diáspora. A análise é qualitativa e baseada em pressupostos teóricos da Gramática Funcional de Dik (1997) e da Gramática Sistêmico-Funcional de Halliday (1994; HALLIDAY; MATTHIESSEN, 2014). Procuramos identificar as funções semânticas e sintáticas do substantivo marcado com morfologia de Ablativo. Partimos inicialmente da hipótese de que os diversos usos empiricamente constatados do caso Ablativo podem ser explicados como funções ou sentidos inter-relacionados, associados a um morfema, e de que tais sentidos poderiam ser generalizados em termos da categoria conceptual de “origem”.
Hanseníase: um caso bem-sucedido de intervenção terminológica?
Authors: Luz-Freitas Márcia de Souza , Ribeiro Pâmela Teixeira
Published: August 2021

Não há, no Brasil, uma política linguística geral para o léxico especializado; no entanto, há ações glotopolíticas isoladas e uma delas foi a orientação terminológica para a denominação da patologia hanseníase (lepra). Com o objetivo de analisar as condições sociodiscursivas de uso das unidades lexicais especializadas relativas a essa doença, este trabalho fundamenta-se em teorias de viés comunicativo e linguístico da Terminologia, principalmente na Teoria Comunicativa da Terminologia (TCT). O corpus é composto por 250 artigos científicos publicados entre as décadas de 1970 e 2020 no Brasil. A produção científica brasileira sobre a hanseníase é vasta e a análise mostra que, embora determinadas unidades lexicais tenham seu uso restringido por lei, elas continuam a ser empregadas em contextos específicos. Conclui-se que, no caso específico da hanseníase, a iniciativa de planificação linguística teve efeito, mas não gerou o desuso da forma concorrente.
Uma análise do curta “Menina bonita do laço de fita”: os efeitos de sentido das múltiplas linguagens do gênero videoanimação
Authors: Dias Jaciluz , Silva Marta Cristina da
Published: August 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar uma possibilidade de análise para a videoanimação Menina bonita do laço de fita (2014), tendo em vista as linguagens verbal, visual e sonora que compõem esse texto multimodal. Para tanto, adotamos como procedimento metodológico um levantamento bibliográfico e webliográfico, que apoia a análise da videoanimação nos pressupostos da Gramática do Design Visual (KRESS; VAN LEEUWEN, 2006), dos 12 Princípios da Animação da Disney (THOMAS; JOHNSTON, 1995) e em concepções sobre as vozes, as músicas e os efeitos sonoros (FURNISS, 2014). Dessa forma, chegamos a considerações que demonstram como essa abordagem pode não só contribuir para o ensino de língua portuguesa, mas também tratar de temas atuais, como o combate ao racismo e a valorização da identidade negra.
Ressignificando o engajamento acadêmico com práticas letradas de gamificação
Authors: Alexandre Gabriel Guimarães
Published: August 2021

Considerando-se um contexto marcado por intensa participação das pessoas na internet e por crescente interesse de estudo em metodologias inovadoras e ativas para engajamento de ensino em contexto digital – caso da gamificação –, o objetivo deste artigo é mostrar como o engajamento, pela gamificação em contexto de Ensino Superior, pode ser ressignificado no trabalho com duas atividades gamificadas. Com base em pressupostos teórico-metodológicos dos estudos de letramentos (New Literacy Studies) e da análise do discurso francesa, analisamos as produções textuais quanto ao significado composicional e como este é atrelado a diferentes posicionamentos discursivos assumidos pelos participantes. O corpus é composto de 34 produções textuais multimodais resultantes de um curso de extensão intitulado “Linguagem e Gamificação”. Os resultados indicam a relevância de observar-se o engajamento acadêmico do ponto de vista de uma dimensão sócio-histórica constitutiva na/da linguagem.
A oralidade como conteúdo digital na graduação: uma experiência com o podcast em tempos de ensino remoto
Authors: Rodrigues Júnior Hélio , Alves Junior Hélio da Guia
Published: August 2021

O presente artigo trata de uma experiência de ensino do gênero exposição oral envolvendo alunos do curso de Pedagogia durante o isolamento social provocado pela pandemia de Covid-19. Com o advento das novas tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação, intermediando a interação didática de forma remota, surge a pergunta norteadora da pesquisa: no contexto do ensino remoto ocasionado pela pandemia, o podcast favorece o ensino do gênero exposição oral em um curso de formação inicial de professores? Desta forma, o objetivo geral é contribuir com a compreensão e o uso do gênero exposição oral no âmbito digital. Recorremos aos postulados sobre gêneros e oralidade de Antunes (2003), Bakhtin (2010), Bronckart (1985), Dolz et al. (2004), Fávero, Andrade e Aquino (2009), Marcuschi (2003, 2007, 2008), Schneuwly e Dolz (2004); às perspectivas das NTICs de Xavier e Marcuschi (2004).
A emergência do subesquema [V_que] na rede dos conectores condicionais
Authors: Clemente Camila Gabriele da Cruz
Published: August 2021

O objetivo principal é descrever os processos de mudança que levaram à emergência do subesquema [V_que] na rede dos conectores condicionais no português. Os dados foram coletados do Corpus do Português, disponível em www.corpusdoportugues.org, e do BIT- Prohpor, disponível em https://www.prohpor.org/bit-banco-pb, datados nos séculos XVIII a XX. A base teórica deste trabalho vincula-se aos modelos baseados no uso, sobretudo, a Traugott e Trousdale (2013) e pelos estudos acerca da condicionalidade de Dancygier (1998) e Oliveira (2019a, 2019b). A princípio, embora o subesquema [V_que] apresente baixa produtividade, observa-se que a cada século ela aumenta, conforme mostram os dados coletados. Como resultado, observou-se que esse subesquema emerge na rede dos conectores condicionais da língua portuguesa com o surgimento das microconstruções “supondo que”, por processo de construcionalização, a partir da mudança do verbo “supor” para a forma gerúndio “supondo” + a conjunção “que”, e de “dado que” e “posto que”, por mudanças construcionais, uma vez que essas microconstruções apresentavam, antes do século XIX, apenas significado causal.
Autoria coletiva e gêneros literários: as concepções filosóficas de Sócrates analisadas pelo viés da crítica textual
Authors: Módolo Marcelo
Published: August 2021

Por meio de instrumental da crítica textual – mormente Cambraia (2005) e Spina (1994) – pretendemos discutir o conceito de autoria em relação ao filósofo ateniense Sócrates. Creditado como um dos fundadores da filosofia ocidental, sua obra é conhecida principalmente por meio de relatos em obras de escritores que com ele conviveram, especialmente dois de seus alunos, Platão e Xenofonte, bem como pelas peças teatrais de seu contemporâneo Aristófanes. Embora na crítica textual esses temas sejam tratados pela questão de fontes ou transmissão indireta, nesse caso tomam um outro contorno: os gêneros (literários) da Antiguidade. Cada gênero seria responsável por moldar uma autoria distinta para Sócrates, obedecendo a seus critérios de verossimilhança exigidos.
Expediente
Authors: Editorial Comissão
Published: August 2021

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Estimating Responders to Treatment Using Five Indices of Significant Individual Change
Authors: Hays Ron D. , Slaughter Mary E. , Spritzer Karen L. , Herman Patricia M.
Published: August 2021

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Amplification of Elevation-Dependent Temperature Variability Since the Last Glacial Maximum
Authors: Lü Fenglin , Sun Zhe , Yuan Kan , Hou Xiaohuan , Wang Mingda , Cheng Jun , Cao Xianyong , Ding Wei , Xoplaki Elena , Luterbacher Jürg , Hou Juzhi , Chen Fahu
Published: August 2021

The mechanisms of recent Elevation-Dependent Warming (EDW) remain debated because nearly all data sources are limited to past decades and subject to anthropogenic effects. Here, we study how temperature changed along the elevation gradient since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and aim to shed lights on the mechanisms of EDW and implications for the future climate change in alpine regions. We present a unique network of 192 quantitative terrestrial temperature records along elevation gradient up to ~5000 m to study the Elevation-Dependent Temperature Amplification (EDTA) since LGM. EDTA is exemplified by stronger variability at high-elevation sites during climate transitions of millennial- to centennial-scales. The spatiotemporal patterns of EDTA indicate that the surface albedo, caused by changes in glacier and vegetation coverage, played the most important role, which resulted in steeper lapse rate during LGM and flatter in Mid-Holocene. This suggests that alpine regions experienced much colder environments in glacial and much warmer in interglacial periods. This also implies that the mountain regions would warm much faster in the context of current global change. The study emphasizes the need to reassess and reevaluate alpine climate change mechanisms, and to reconsider the mitigation and adaptation implementation strategies under the future global warming scenarios.
Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2 among High-Risk Groups: Findings from Serosurveys in 6 Urban Areas of Odisha, India
Authors: Kanungo Srikanta , Giri Sidhartha , Bhattacharya Debdutta , Kshatri Jaya Singh , Palo Subrata Kumar , Parai Debaprasad , Turuk Jyotirmayee , Praharaj Ira , Mansingh Asit , Dash Girish Chandra , Choudhary Hari Ram , Barik Shakti Ranjan , Peter Annalisa , Sahoo Rakesh Kumar , Mishra Rudra Prasanna , Patro Sithun Kumar , Satapathy Durga Madhab , Pati Sanghamitra ,   ICMR-RMRC [OdiSHA-COVID-19] Serosurvey Team
Published: August 2021

Background: Personnel involved in essential services or residing in high risk areas during the COVID-19 pandemic are at increased risk of getting infected, and higher infection rates among such personnel can paralyze these services due to shortage of staff. Evaluating the proportion of personnel infected can be done using seroprevalence studies or serosurveys.Methods: During July to November, 2020, individuals from multiple high risk groups in 6 urban centres in the state of Odisha, India, which included health care workers, police personnel, municipality/ sanitation staff, residents of urban slums, vendors, press staff, and prisoners, were recruited into the study after obtaining written informed consent. Blood samples collected from the study participants were tested for IgG antibodies against COVID-19 in Roche Cobas e441. Information on socio-demographic variables, association with a confirmed or suspected case, symptoms profile of individuals within 30 days, travel and history of testing for COVID-19 were collected. All the statistical analyses were performed using STATA 16.0 (Stata corp., Texas). A P value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Of the 5434 individuals included in the final analysis, the overall COVID-19 seroprevalence was found to be 34.9% (95% CI 33.6-36.2). The seroprevalence varied from 21.8% (95% CI 19.6-24.1) in Rourkela to 54.9% (95% CI 51.5-58.2) in Bhubaneswar. Seropositivity was maximum among prisoners (47.7%, 138/289), followed by municipality/ sanitation staff (43.5%, 330/758), other office going staff (40.8%, 183/448), slum residents and vendors (39.8%, 252/633), police personnel (38.3%, 354/922), health care workers (27.1%, 536/1977), press staff (27.2%, 18/66) and residents of containment zones (25.2%, 86/341). On multivariate logistic regression, participants aged 18-29 years, 30-44 years, residents of slums and vending zone, municipality staffs, prisoners, residents of urban sites Malkangiri, Cuttack, Paralakhemundi and Bhubaneswar and those with previous history of confirmed COVID-19 were found to be independent co-relates of seropositivity.Conclusions: Risk of COVID-19 infection varied among the various high risk groups of Odisha. Periodic seroprevalence studies in future is essential to protect personnel involved in frontline activities during the ongoing pandemic.
Drivers and Physical Processes of Drought Events Over the State of São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Abatan Abayomi A. , Tett Simon F. B. , Dong Buwen , Cunningham Christopher , Rudorff Conrado M. , Klingaman Nicholas P. , de Abreu Rafael C.
Published: August 2021

The State of São Paulo, Brazil (SSP) was impacted by severe water shortages during the intense austral summer drought of 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 (1415SD). This study seeks to understand the features and physical processes associated with these summer droughts in the context of other droughts over the region during 1961 – 2010. Thus, this study examines the spatio-temporal characteristics of anomalously low precipitation over SSP and the associated large-scale dynamics at seasonal timescales, using an observation-based dataset from the Climatic Research Unit (CRU) and model simulation outputs from the Met Office Hadley Centre Global Environment Model (HadGEM3-GA6 at N216 resolution). The study analyzes Historical and Natural simulations from the model to examine the role of human-induced climate forcing on droughts over SSP. Composites of large-scale fields associated with droughts are derived from ERA-20C and ERAInterim reanalysis and the model simulations. HadGEM3-GA6 simulations capture the observed interannual variability of normalized precipitation anomalies over SSP, but with biases. Drought events over SSP are related to subsidence over the region. This is associated with reduced atmospheric moisture over the region as indicated by the analysis of the vertically integrated moisture flux convergence, which is dominated by reduced moisture flux convergence. The Historical simulations simulate the subsidence associated with droughts, but there are magnitude and location biases. The similarities between the circulation features of the severe 1415SD and other drought events over the region show that understanding of the dynamics of the past drought events over SSP could guide assessment of changes in risk of future droughts and improvements of model performance. In the model world, a modest human influence for the 2014/15 SSP meteorological drought is found. The study highlights the merits and limitations of the HadGEM3GA6 simulations. The model possesses the skills in simulating the large-scale atmospheric circulations modulating precipitation variability, leading to drought conditions over SSP.
Peptide nano-blanket impedes fibroblasts activation and subsequent formation of pre-metastatic niche
Authors: Zhou Yi , Ke Peng , Xia Yiyi , Wu Honghui , Zhang Zhentao , Zhong Haiqing , Dai Qi , Wang Tiantian , Lin Mengting , Li Yaosheng , Jiang Xinchi , Yang Qiyao , Lu Yiying , Zhong Xincheng , Han Min , Gao Jianqing
Published: August 2021

In various types of malignant tumors, metastasis is responsible for most of the tumor-induced death. Though emerging technologies provided early detection of tumor metastasis or even warning of high metastatic risk before the actual occurrence of metastasis, clinical treatment on metastasis prevention lags far behind. Evidences have illustrated that primary tumor induced pre-metastatic niche (PMN) formation in distal organs by producing pro-metastasis factors, spreading the spark to ignite the distal microenvironment. Given the fundamental role of PMN in the development of metastases, interruption of PMN formation would be a promising strategy to take early actions against tumor metastasis. Here we report an enzyme-activatable assembled peptide FR17 that can serve as a “flame-retarding blanket” at PMN site specifically to extinguish the “fire” of tumor-supportive microenvironment adaption. Our experiment demonstrated that the assembled peptide successfully reversed extracellular matrix deposition, vascular leakage and angiogenesis through inhibition on fibroblasts activation in PMN, which suppressed the remodeling of metastasis-supportive host stromal, and further prevented the recruitment of myeloid cells to PMN and then recovered the immunosuppressive microenvironment. Cell transcriptomic analysis of the pulmonary recruited MDSC suggested that FR17 intervention could regulate immune response activation, immune cells chemotaxis and migration pathways. Consequently, FR17 administration effectively inhibited pulmonary PMN formation and postoperative metastasis of melanoma, with only 30% lung-metastasis occurrence was observed for FR17 treated group at the time point when 100% occurrence was observed for the control group and 80% occurrence for anti-PD1 treated group, offering a robust therapeutic strategy against PMN establishing to prevent metastasis.
Inhibition of Arginyl-tRNA Synthetase Promotes the Protection of Neuronal Ischemic Tolerance in Vitro Author Imformation
Authors: ZHANG Lizhi , FU Rong
Published: August 2021

BackgroundsStudies have shown that the metabolic rate of mammals decreases during hibernation, suggesting that effective reduction of the energy consumption of ischemic cells may be the basis of the protective effect of ischemic tolerance. Anderson et al. reported after inhibition of the gene encoding arginyl-tRNA synthetase, the protein translation and mortality in C. elegans under anoxic conditions decreased significantly.PurposesWhether inhibition of arginyl-tRNA synthetase (RARS), in addition to combating hypoxic injury in C. elegans, protects rat neurons from ischemic damage remains unknown. The aim of this study is to determine whether knockdown of arginyl-tRNA synthetase improves the tolerance of primary cultured rat neurons to ischemic anoxia. Methods For the primary neuronal cutlure, cerebral cortex tissues were collected from newborn 24 hours Sprague-Dawley rats. Different viral vectors were transfected into cultured primary neurons, and the optimal viral vector and time points for gene silencing were determined by detecting the expression of RARS gene and protein. The adenovirus vector expressing shRNA-RARS with the highest silencing efficiency was transfected into rat primary cultured cortical neurons. The time point at which the viral vector exhibits optimal gene silencing efficiency was selected as the detection time point for subsequent experiments. The neurons after OGD treatment were divided into 2 groups: the experimental group and the control group. Each group was divided into 3 subgroups: the normal group, the control shRNA group and the shRNA-RARS group. After 3 hours of OGD treatment, cell survival, ATP levels and RARS protein expression were evaluated , and the data was analyzed. ResultsPrimary cultured neurons were identified and purified. The adenoviral vector expressing RARS-RNAi (27394-1) exhibited the highest silencing efficiency of the three adenoviral vectors, and 3 days after transfection of the adenoviral vector was selected as the optimal time point for gene silencing. Transfection of adenoviral vectors expressing shRNA-RARS reduced RARS protein expression, ATP consumption and neuronal death, and increased CCK8 activity in neurons after OGD insult.Conclusions Our work revealed neurons transfected with adenoviral vectors expressing shRNA-RARS exhibited stronger tolerance to ischemia and hypoxia, which was due to the inhibition of RARS activity andreduced cell energy metabolism rate. These results suggested that RARS inhibition reduced protein translation and energy consumption, and played a protective role in ischemic tolerance.
Risk Assessment of COVID-19 Pandemic By Deep Learning Model (DLM) In India: A District Level Analysis
Authors: Wani Manzoor A , Farooq Junaid , Wani Danish M
Published: August 2021

The intensity of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a horrible ongoing human disaster with high morbidity and mortality rates. Current epidemiological studies urge the need of implementing sophisticated methods to appraise the evolution of COVID-19. In the study we estimated 228 days of daily incidence of COVID-19 cases i.e. from 1st May to 15th December 2020- a district level analysis in the northern Himalayan belt of India. To determine the current & future trends of COVID-19 transmission, we used Deep Learning Model (DLM) with 60 days forecasting. The estimated values from deep learning not only indicated high cases of morbidity and mortality but forecasted high rise in the incidence of COVID-19 cases in different districts of the study region. Storing, analyzing, and presenting incidence of COVID-19 cases in Geographic Information System (GIS) will attribute in understanding, planning & implementing mitigating measures to tackle the current & future variant behavioral changes adopting COVID-19 virus. The remedial first-aid measures such as physical & social distance, use of masks, maintaining personal hygiene, recommended vaccinations & other Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) framed by World health organization (WHO) must be adhered till complete obliteration of COVID-19 virus.
Changes In Soil Properties Across A Hydrological Gradient In Saladas From Northeast Spain: Implications For Soil Carbon Stocks, CO2 Efflux And Microbial Communities In A Warming World.
Authors: Thomas Andrew , Tooth Stephen , Lan S. , Holt Thomas , Saunders Ian , Tarren Holly
Published: August 2021

Numerous permanent and temporary wetlands occur throughout the world’s drylands. Although characterised by diverse hydroperiods, these wetlands in drylands are typically hotspots of biological activity and productivity. The healthy functioning and possibly even existence of many wetlands in drylands, however, is threatened by desiccation resulting from a combination of climate change and human disturbance. Near Alcañiz in arid northeast Spain, three adjacent saladas (playas) with contrasting hydroperiods provide an opportunity to investigate how moisture availability affects their soil carbon (C) stocks, CO2 efflux, and microbial communities. Frequent inundation and/or near-permanent soil saturation supports the generation of organic C from a range of different sources. Soil inorganic C was greatest on the driest salada (3.8 %) compared to the wetter saladas (3.0 % and 2.1 %) owing to evaporative concentration and the reaction of CO2 with available Ca2+, Mg2+ and Na+ ions. CO2 efflux was greatest at intermediate moisture levels (142 mg CO2 m-2 hr-1), but the spatial and temporal variability in CO2 efflux on salada surfaces is very high, demonstrating the need for intensive sampling regimes to provide realistic estimates of their contribution to atmospheric CO2 exchanges. Different microbial community structures also characterise each salada. The saladas near Alcañiz, and many other similar features in northeast Spain, are renowned for their rare and threatened flora and fauna, yet their soil C cycle characteristics and soil microbial communities provide additional reasons to monitor the impacts of climate change and protect these vulnerable environments from further anthropogenic disturbances.
Three-State Majority-Vote Model on Small-World Networks
Authors: Zubillaga Bernardo J. , Vilela André L. M. , Wang Minggang , Du Ruijin , Dong Gaogao , Stanley H. Eugene
Published: August 2021

In this work, we study the opinion dynamics of the three-state majority-vote model on small-world networks of social interactions. In the majority-vote dynamics, an individual adopts the opinion of the majority of its neighbors with probability 1−q, and a different opinion with chance q, where q stands for the noise parameter. The noise q acts as a social temperature, inducing the dissensus among individual opinions. With probability p, we rewire the connections of the two-dimensional square lattice network, allowing long-range interactions in the society, thus yielding the small-world property present in many different real-world systems. We employ Monte Carlo simulations to investigate the second-order phase transition of the system, and obtain the critical noise qc, as well as the standard critical exponents β/ν, γ/ν, and 1/ν for several values of the rewiring probability p. We conclude that the rewiring of the lattice enhances the social order in the system and drives the model to different universality classes from that of the three-state majority-vote model in two-dimensional square lattices.
The Efficacy of The Administration of BifidobacteriumLactis For Treatment of Infantile Colic: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Pourmirzaiee Mohammad Ali , Famouri Fatemeh , Kahid Akram , Hovsepian Silva , Kelishadi Roya
Published: August 2021

The aim of this trial was to evaluate the efficacy of Bifidobacterium Lactis administration on infantile colic (IC). In this double blind randomized, placebo‐controlled clinical trial, infants with IC diagnosis, exclusive breastfeeding, gestational age more than 37 weeks and birth weight more than 2500 gram were included. The selected infants randomly allocated in the two groups of BBcare group, treated with Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis and the control group treated with placebo, 5 drops per day, for 6 weeks. The mean of crying, vomiting episodes and defecation number at baseline and during follow ups (40 and 60 days after intervention) were compared between the two studied groups. In this study from initially enrolled neonates, 40 and 38 neonates in BB-12 and placebo groups completed the study. In BB-12 group number of defecation, crying and vomiting episodes decreased significantly during intervention till 60 days after probiotic administration(P<0.05).In the placebo group there was significant decrease for crying and vomiting episodes between baseline and 60 days after intervention(P<0.05). Between group analyses indicated that there was significant difference between groups regarding mean of crying and vomiting episodes and number of defecation ,60 days after intervention(P<0.05).Conclusion: Findings of our study offer compelling signals for the effectiveness of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB‐12 in the management of some intestinal problems. These findings could be supportive evidences for the important role of gut microbiota as goal of intervention to improvement in bowel movement and comfortable defecation in IC.