bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The relationship between thyroid hormone levels, insulin resistance and body mass index, in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism andeuthyroid patients
Authors: Okan Kasim , Sencan Mehmet , Duman Gulhan
Published: March 2022

Background. Hypothyroidism is a common thyroid disorder with female predominance. In general population its prevalance is 2–5% while 10 times higher in female than in men. Insulin resistance, one of the most discussed issues recently, is an inadequate response to insulin in peripheral tissues despite the normal secretory function of pancreatic islet cells. In this study, we analyzed relationship between thyroid hormone levels, body mass index and insulin resistance calculated with Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI) and Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) in SCH and euthyroid patients under levothyroxine treatment. Materials and methods. The clinical and laboratory data of approximately 14000 patients between the ages of 18–60 were retrospectively evaluated. After these exclusion criteria were applied, 371 eligible individuals were included in the study. All 371 individuals divided into three groups according to TSH levels. Group 1 is eutyhroid patients under levothyroxine treatment with TSH levels between 0.27–4.2μIU/mL. Group 2 is subclinical hypothyroid patients with TSH levels between 4.2–10 μIU/mL. Group 3 is healthy control group with TSH levels between 0.27–4.2 μIU/mL. Results. The euthyroid patient group has the highest (25.66±3.36 kg/m2) mean BMI. On the other hand the mean BMI was higher in SCH (24.0400±3.8436kg/m2) group than in control group (22.48±2.74 kg/m2) (p<0.05). Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), serum triglyserid, low density lipoprotein (LDL), anti-thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and insulin levels were significantly higher in euthyroid patient and SCH groups (p<0.05). Notably, total cholesterol, LDL and TPO levels were higher in euthyroid patient group (p<0.05). On the other hand, there were no difference between euthyroid patients and SCH group. Conclusions. This study found significantly elevated insulin resistance and cholesterol levels in SCH patients, so we hypothesized that SCH is also a risk factor for insulin resistance disorders such as cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome. As a consequence, lipid metabolism defects and insulin resistance should be screened and treated in SCH patients. Thanks to the strong and significant correlation between HOMA and QUICKI in our study, we suggest the combined use of HOMA and QUICKI in these patients. Further and large-scale studies are needed to evaluate the relationship of HOMA, QUICKI, AIP, and BMI in detecting insulin resistance in SCH patients.
Pathogenetic mechanisms, clinical signs and consequences of the autoimmune thyroiditis impact on body systems (a literature review)
Authors: Shidlovskyy O.V. , Shidlovskyy V.O. , Sheremet M.I. , Pankiv I.V. , Kravtsiv V.V. , Lazaruk A.V. , Golovatyi V.Z.
Published: March 2022

Background. The review analyzes the publications on the pathogenetic mechanisms and clinical consequences of the impact of autoimmune thyroiditis and hypothyroidism on body systems. Autoimmune thyroiditis is an organ-specific autoimmune disease of the thyroid gland and the most common cause of hypothyroidism in regions of the world with sufficient iodine. Sources of information. The sources of information were reports in domestic and, mostly, foreign periodicals on immunology, pathological physiology, internal medicine, and endocrinology. Synthesis of evidence. The effect of autoimmune thyroiditis on the systems of the body is implemented in two ways. The first one is accomplished through the body’s immune system, when the organ-specific immune process in the thyroid gland for unknown reasons acquires signs of systemic disease with clinical manifestations of damage to other organs and systems. The second is due to hypothyroidism, which is the logical conclusion of the autoimmune process in the thyroid. The effects of hypothyroidism on the body as a whole and its systems, in particular, are known, and the pathogenetic mechanisms are not fully understood and require in-depth study. The issues of the body's autoimmune disease, the mechanisms of its initiation and progression remain undiscovered and poorly understood. Conclusions. The effect of autoimmune thyroiditis is realized through the immune system when the organ-specific immune process in the thyroid gland for unknown reasons acquires signs of systemic disease and hypothyroidism, which is the logical conclusion of the autoimmune process in the thyroid gland. The pathogenetic mechanisms of the effects of autoimmune thyroiditis and hypothyroidism on the body are not fully understood and require in-depth study. The presented data show that over the last decade the interest in studying the problem of autoimmune thyroiditis, hypothyroidism, and their pathological significance for the body has deepened.
Hacer etnomusicología em Michoacán. Experiencias desde una perspectiva de etnomusicología aplicada
Authors: Rodríguez López José Rafael
Published: March 2022

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Claudia Rocha y Claudia Carranza, eds. Los habitantes del encanto, seres extraordinarios en las comunidades indígenas de América. México: El Colegio de San Luis, 2015; 195 pp.
Authors: Avilés Velázquez Víctor Manuel
Published: March 2022

En el interior y en el exterior de diversas comunidades habitan distintos seres. En el interior, espacio civilizado, culturizado, vive el ser humano, que a la vez tiene contacto con el exterior, ese espacio misterioso y peligroso donde los seres fantásticos existen. Dicha existencia se expresa a través del imaginario y de la palabra de hombres y mujeres, que se sirven de estos personajes y de otros fenómenos sobrenaturales para conformar una serie de relatos que rigen algunos aspectos de la convivencia social: lo que debe o no debe hacerse, sobre el bien y el mal. Las distintas versiones de la Llorona, el Chaneque, el Nahual, el Diablo, entre otros personajes, son estudiadas en este libro por diversos investigadores que buscan develar sus orígenes y sus funciones, así como el proceso de transmisión oral por el cual se renuevan y perviven.
Patrimonio biocultural ixcateco: investigación y colaboración para su documentación, valoración y difusión
Authors: Smith Aguilar Sandra E. , Rangel Landa Selene , Swanton Michael W. , Casas Fernández Alejandro , Rivera Lozoya Erandi
Published: March 2022

En el año 2011 comenzó una colaboración entre lingüistas y etnobiólogos para documentar la lengua y el conocimiento biológico del pueblo ixcateco, cuyo territorio se encuentra en Santa María Ixcatlán, Oaxaca. La documentación formó parte del proyecto "Textual and Lexical Documentation of Ixcatec, a highly endangered Otomanguean language of Oaxaca, Mexico” motivado por la crítica situación de la lengua ixcateca, pues queda en el mundo tan sólo una decena de personas que lo pueden hablar fluidamente. El proyecto se desarrolló entre 2011 y 2013 y durante ese periodo el enfoque se extendió a sectores de la comunidad ixcateca hablantes y no-hablantes de la lengua. Numerosos ixcatecos colaboraron en el proceso de documentación y un sector más amplio se involucró en actividades organizadas para la difusión y revaloración de su lengua, conocimiento tradicional y riqueza natural. Esto incluyó un concurso fotográfico, un intercambio de experiencias y la elaboración de un material de juego, dirigidos a promover el patrimonio biocultural local. Además, permitió continuar una relación de colaboración y acompañamiento con la comunidad en temas como manejo de recursos naturales y ecosistemas, conocimiento ecológico local, acuerdos para aprovechar el territorio y procesos educativos locales, algunos sostenidos hasta la fecha.
Una experiencia de trabajo de campo: costumbres, conflictividad y vida social entre los huaves de San Mateo del Mar
Authors: Campos Velázquez Roberto
Published: March 2022

En forma de diario de campo, este artículo da cuenta de la experiencia que generó el autor al realizar una investigación en San Mateo del Mar, en el sureste de Oaxaca. Nos remite a uno de los objetivos de su estudio, el cual fue participar en la fiesta del Corpus Christi realizada por los huaves de esa comunidad y registrar audiovisualmente la construcción de los skil, instrumentos sonoros ceremoniales que se utilizan para dicha celebración.
Gilles Lepore, Maciej Madracki y Michal Madracki. Sin ruido, los figurantes del desierto
Authors: Hinojosa Del Ángel Derek
Published: March 2022

A través de relatos de artistas anónimos, la obra Sin ruido, los figurantes del desierto explora la situación social y cultural que se vive en Uarzazat, una pequeña ciudad al sur de Marruecos. El documental fue dirigido y producido en el año 2017 por el colectivo MML, integrado por los cineastas Gilles Lepore, Maciej Madracki y Michal Madracki. En medio del desolado y caluroso desierto, un grupo de artistas logra superar las problemáticas sociales en las que está sumergida su ciudad, y crea un puente cultural con los medios limitados que están a su alcance. Su objetivo es salir de la marginalidad y conocer el mundo del cine occidental. 

El hilo narrativo del documental se compone de una serie de entrevistas hechas a varios artistas que viven en Uarzazat. La cámara los encuadra en close-up, los enfoca delante de un fondo negro, y ellos, con sus dotes histriónicos, se encargan de narrar sus incursiones en el polvoso y caluroso mundo del cine. Las escenas de entrevistas se intercalan con imágenes de la ciudad. Las locaciones están montadas en inmensas planicies donde aparece el equipo de grabación, cuyas cámaras austeras captan a los actores caracterizados con vestimentas religiosas o mitológicas para interpretar a Jesús o a un cíclope. 

Las entrevistas se adentran en la intimidad de los artistas y muestran sus historias de vida, las ideas que generan para poder crear otra realidad a partir del cine y la forma en que lo hacen cotidianamente. Sus voces salen de la oscura marginalidad y hablan con crudeza de su contexto social, así como de las alegrías y esperanzas que les ha aportado la cinematogra¬fía. Esas voces han estado en el anonimato por años, y el documental les permite mostrar a los que están más allá del desolado desierto lo que les ha entregado el cine y lo que ellos le han entregado para que permanezca vivo en un lugar inimaginable.
Agnès Varda (directora). Rostros y lugares Francia: Ciné Tamaris, Arte France Cinéma y Rouge International, 2017; 90 minutos.
Authors: Márquez Laura Daniela
Published: March 2022

Rostros y Lugares es un documental dirigido en el año 2017 por Agnès Varda con la participa-ción especial del fotógrafo JR. Ambos viajan por varios pueblos de Francia, como Chérence o Bonnieux, para fotografiar a sus habitantes. A través de un mosaico apetecible de dibujos, fotografías e historias, y abordo de un camión equipado, Agnès Varda y JR muestran la co-tidianidad de la vida con un sentido poético. 

Cada rostro y lugar que fotografían esconde una historia que de vez en cuando aparece en el documental. Por ejemplo: una mujer que creció en un pueblo minero y que se niega a abandonarlo, un hombre que trabaja ochocientas hectáreas en el campo en completa soledad, o un obrero hablando de su jubilación y el vacío que siente al dejar la fábrica. “El arte es para sorprender”, dice otro obrero al ver su rostro plasmado en la pared. 

La relación entre Agnès Varda y JR representa la cercanía que existe entre la juventud y la vejez cuando hay una amistad de por medio. Ambos entablan conversaciones sobre temas como la muerte, el apego o desapego a los lugares, la ceguera, por mencionar algunos. 

Un documental con matices caseros en cada secuencia: las personas se toman selfies frente a los murales fotográficos, los artistas platican mientras toman té en alguna cafetería, los obreros trabajan, el mar se mece y los vagones del tren avanzan. Todo esto para cerrar con un último recorrido y el encuentro sorpresa con un antiguo amigo de Agnès: Jean-Luc Godard.
Víctor Hernández Vaca. La mata de los instrumentos musicales huastecos Texquitote, San Luis Potosí. México: COLMICH, 2017: 236 pp.
Authors: Avilés Velázquez Víctor Manuel
Published: March 2022

A diario, inmensidad de músicos tocan sus instrumentos, los palpan, los sienten y los hacen parte de sus cuerpos. Sin embargo, ¿cuántos de ellos conocen el origen, el taller o la fábrica de donde provienen? ¿Cuántos saben del procedimiento y de los materiales que son necesa¬rios para construirlos? En México, el estudio de estos procesos ha sido poco atendido por las investigaciones históricas, antropológicas y etnomusicológicas, a pesar de que la práctica de la construcción instrumental es un eslabón indispensable en las diversas culturas musicales. Víctor Hernández Vaca es un investigador especializado en esta materia, y es con su libro, La mata de los instrumentos musicales huastecos, que da un ejemplo sobre el estudio y análisis de la laudería a partir de distintas herramientas teóricas, así como de la metodología del trabajo de campo aplicada al caso específico de la comunidad Texquitote, municipio de Matlapa, San Luis Potosí. 

Lo que pudiera pensarse como un puro proceso mecánico, técnico, es en realidad un entramado de saberes y cosmovisiones que tienen como expresión final una gama de ins-trumentos que representan la tradición festiva y ritual de la música huasteca: guitarra hua-panguera, violín, jarana, rabel, arpa, cartonal, entre otros. La laudería de Texquitote tiene detrás de sí una tradición de cuatro siglos, la cual está impresa en los distintos individuos de la comunidad que la perpetúan y hacen de ella un oficio. 

Un hombre sueña que otro hombre (un santo o señor de la tierra) le enseña a fabricar una guitarra, un violín, un rabel u otro instrumento de su tradición, y cuando despierta y se dirige a sus herramientas descubre que puede llevar a la práctica lo que aprendió de su maestro. Así adquiere el don, al cual y por el cual deberá agradecer y guardar respeto. Por ello, sabe que para cada instrumento existe una ceremonia específica, y cuando, por ejemplo, debe construir una pieza dedicada a la música divina, activa todo un ritual que de no llevarse a cabo implicaría el fracaso de su empresa. 

¿Cuáles son las técnicas que la divinidad enseña a los lauderos? ¿Qué significados exis¬ten detrás de esas técnicas y cuál es la conexión crucial entre los instrumentos y sus hacedores? Estas y otras preguntas son atendidas por Víctor Hernández Vaca en este libro pionero de una disciplina naciente que él mismo ha acuñado como etnolaudería.
historia tras los sustos:
Authors: Callau Gonzalvo Sergio , Cabrera Navarro Isela , Mejía Díaz Orbelina
Published: March 2022

Se investigó en 2018 la inexplorada tradición oral dedos aldeas hondureñas ubicadas en Santa Cruz de Yojoa, departamento de Cortés. Se trata de Las Marías y de El Achiotal, comunidades generadas a partir de flujos migratorios. Se recopilaron como narraciones más relevantes las procedentes de ocho adultos mayores. El denominador común de los relatos es su carácter de leyendas, determinadas en la mayoría de los casos por producir temor o “susto”. Resulta también relevante el propio modo testimonial de contar y la insistencia en la veracidad de las historias. Si bien la información obtenida recoge elementos folclóricos, como El Duende o La Sucia, comunes en Centroamérica y en otras latitudes, es llamativo el hecho de que los relatos resultan de algún modo indesligables de la historia cotidiana. La mayoría de las narraciones se relataron como experiencias vividas o contadas por personas muy cercanas, como casos de la historia local o, incluso, como acontecidas en el seno de la propia familia. Es probable que algunos de los personajes y acontecimientos folclóricos traídos a escena y sus posibles ramificaciones simbólicas permitan identificar huellas en el discurso sobre aspectos de carácter sociológico de la realidad centroamericana de las últimas décadas, como la alarmante extensión del abuso sexual de niñas o la amenaza conyugal, percibida en las costumbres urbanas de determinados sustos femeninos. Se trata de realidades para las que estos relatos supondrán, de este modo, una historiografía oral y verosímil.
pastorela de Ocumicho:
Authors: Granados Vázquez Berenice Araceli
Published: March 2022

Ocumicho es un pequeño pueblo que se localiza al noroeste de la Meseta Purépecha, a unos 2000 metros sobre el nivel del mar, en el municipio de Charapan, en el estado de Michoacán de Ocampo, México. [...] La crónica visual que aquí se presenta contiene algunas fotografías que dan cuenta tanto del proceso de trabajo con las piezas de barro (molido, amasado, modelado, quema y pintura) como de la vida ritual en el pueblo, poniendo énfasis en las performances de la pastorela celebradas los días 24 y 31 de diciembre de 2018 y 1 de enero de 2019... [lee en PDF el resto de este artículo]
Alfredo López Austin (1936-2021)
Authors: Medina Hernández Andrés
Published: March 2022

Alfredo López Austin fue fundamentalmente un gran maestro, generoso, sabio, sencillo y con una gran capacidad para transmitir sus conocimientos, sobre todo sus contribuciones a la historia antigua de México y a la etnografía. Era tambiénmuy cuidadoso en la preparación y presentación de imágenes con las que acompañaba sus clases y sus conferencias; su curso de Mesoamérica en la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras era legendario y muy concurrido, tanto por la amenidad y erudición de sus presentaciones como por las excursiones que organizaba a diferentes zonas arqueológicas, acompañado de su esposa Martha Luján, coordinadora, asesora y elocuente narradora de las vicisitudes de cada una de estas excursiones. Era también un gran dibujante. Durante los congresos anuales... [lee en PDF el resto de este artículo]
The Relevance of Behavior of Law Theory to Law Enforcement in Indonesia
Authors: Bustomi Yazid
Published: March 2022

This article discusses the discrimination in legal treatment of the community that still occurs today. The principle of equality before the law cannot be fully implemented properly. The theory of behavior of law explains why this problem still occurs. The purpose of this study is to discuss what factors cause legal discrimination to occur. This legal research type is descriptive analysis. The type of data used is secondary data. The data collection method used is literature study, which is a technique to obtain secondary data through documents related to the problem, purpose and benefits of the research. This study uses qualitative data analysis techniques, namely data obtained from literature studies and then arranged systematically and then analyzed qualitatively to achieve clarity of problems to be discussed. The data is then analyzed interpretively using positive theory and law that has been outlined and then inductively drawn conclusions to answer the existing problems. The results of this study, that the factors of stratification, morphology, culture, organization and social control are the main factors in causing stratification. This factor causes people who have power to have easier access to the law than those who do not have power. This problem will continue continuously if law enforcement officers do not fix their morals. Massive, decisive and sustainable efforts are needed from all parties to change this legal culture.
The Effectiveness of The Regulation on The Use of Tribal Land in Palakahembi Village, Pandawai District, East Sumba Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province
Authors: Takanjanji Yohanis Hina , Nahak Simon , Senastri Ni Made Jaya
Published: March 2022

Customary land (tanah ulayat) of a tribe means an inheritance land and the natural resources on and inside it, passed down from generation to generation, and the rights of customary land belong to customary law community. Customary land/customary land rights (hak ulayat) are a joint land, believed to be a gift from supernatural forces or inheritance from ancestors to a group of people, the customary law community, that serves as the main supporting element for the community’s life and livelihood all the time. Based on the background of research, the researchers formulated research questions as follow: How is the regulation on the use of tribal land in Palakahembi Village, Pandawai Subdistrict, East Sumba District, East Nusa Tenggara Province; How is the effectiveness of the regulation on the use of tribal land in Palakahembi Village, Pandawai Subdistrict, East Sumba Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province. This research aims to provide legal comprehension to society concerning the regulation on the use of tribal land and to study and understand legal issues concerning the regulation on the use of tribal land. This is empirical legal research, which reveals facts (the fact approach). Applying this approach, the researchers observed and collected facts in the field methodically, and these facts are used as supporting materials for the research. This research took place in Palakahembi Village, East Sumba District, East Nusa Tenggara Province. The result of this research shows that there is no clear commensurate border of tribal land (a source of horizontal conflict between tribes), no Regional Regulation of East Sumba District that specifically regulates and use tribal land based on its characteristic, and the region’s local wisdom. The researchers suggested that it is necessary to draw up a Regional Regulation that serves as a stepping stone in the use of tribal land based on the tribe’s local wisdom.
Legal Certainty for The Reading and Signing of The Deed through Teleconferencing Media During The Covid 19
Authors: Ramadan Fahrul , Dewantara Reka , Sudirman M.
Published: March 2022

The Covid 19 pandemic hit Indonesia, in the hampering of notary work in carrying out their duties and positions due to the establishment of large-scale social restrictions (PSBB). As a result, many notaries closed their offices and conducted deed-making services using electronic technology and teleconferencing media. The problem studied in this study is 1) How is the validity of the reading and signing of deeds implemented through teleconferencing media during the Covid 19 pandemic? 2) How to reconceptualization of the arrangement of reading and signing of deeds implemented through teleconferencing media in realizing legal certainty during the Covid 19 pandemic period and after the Covid 19 pandemic period ends? This type of normative research uses statute approach, conceptual approach, and case approach. The results of this study were found: It needs to be written in the head of the deed regarding the reading of the deed using teleconferencing media, at the end of the deed is written a description of the use of digital signatures. At the time of reading the deed through the teleconference media Notary must be in his position for the creation of legal certainty where the deed is made. The need for the expansion of the meaning of the face in article 16 paragraph (1) letter m UUJN to face directly or use teleconferencing media. The meaning of signatures in UUJN needs to be expanded in meaning with digital signatures. The anatomy of the deed in Article 38 of UUJN needs to be changed in the form of deeds made through teleconferencing media and using digital signatures. Recommendations for the government need to harmonize article 5 paragraph (2) of the UU ITE with UUJN for the creation of legal certainty on deeds made by and before notaries digitally both the results and the process of making deeds.
Moderating Effect of Capital Structure on the Effect of Sales Growth on the Value of Manufacturing Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors: Surasmi Ida Ayu , Putra Ida Bagus Udayana , Yasa I Made Jamin
Published: March 2022

There are many indicators in determining the value of the company, one of which is sales growth. In addition to the level of sales growth, investors usually also focus their attention on the capital structure, because the value of the company can also be reflected in the company's ability to obtain funds to increase its growth. This study aims to determine the effect of sales growth on firm value, using the capital structure as measured by Debt to Asset Ratio (DAR), Debt to equity ratio (DER) and long-term debt (LtDER) as moderating variables. This research was conducted on manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2015 to 2017. The sample in this study amounted to 131 companies. The results of the t test and moderation show that growth has a significant positive effect on firm value, DAR weakens the effect of growth on firm value
The performance of public health sector in Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Nanda Nur Sofyana
Published: March 2022

Abstract

This study analyses performance measurement of public health sector in Aceh province, where this province consists of 17 municipalities and 5 cities. The measurement issue in this study is in terms of efficiency by using a non-parametric method that is Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). There are two findings that can be applied in policy implications. First, this paper explains the performance measurement of public sector in Aceh using output and input variables. Second, another key finding in this study is to obtain information regarding which district called efficient and vice versa.
St. Cassian of Uchma and His Canonization at the Time of Mikhail Romanov: Trust in the Spiritual Authorities
Authors: Matasova T. A.
Published: March 2022

The article examines the circumstances and significance of the canonization of St. Cassian of Uchma in 1629. Based on a wide range of sources (the life of St. Cassian in its various copies and editions, as well as the “books of the foundation” of the Assumption Church of the Cassian Monastery, wills of Russian princes and other documents), analyzed by the classical methods of historical science (retrospective, method of historical periodization, historical-genetic, historical-systemic), it was possible to come to the conclusion that in the information about the life and miracles of St. Cassian, the central government drew important ideas necessary to overcome the crisis of statehood and power generated by the Time of Troubles. For the consolidation of the huge country of the central government, it was extremely important to apply to the images of the righteous defenders who discovered their holiness in the regions. After the end of the intervention, it was no less important to emphasize that Russia, in spite of everything, was an integral part of the common European cultural space. The figure of St. Cassian, a “Greco-Roman” saint by origin, whose appearance in Russia is associated with the arrival of Sophia Palaeologina in Moscow (1472), fully reached these important national goals.
Murmansk Region as a Center of Attraction for Chinese Tourism in the Russian Federation
Authors: Bu R. Kh.
Published: March 2022

Chinese tourism to Russia showed an overall positive trend right up to the introduction of significant international travel restrictions in 2020. In addition to the regions traditionally popular among Chinese travelers, in recent years such centers have begun to stand out, in which the growth rate of the PRC’s tourist presence in percentage terms is significantly ahead of the all-Russian level. One of these regions is the Murmansk region. Given the fact that China has enough resources and leverage to use international tourism as a tool to achieve foreign policy goals, a substantive consideration of the success of the Murmansk region as a center of attraction for Chinese tourism in the Russian Federation is a prerequisite for understanding the nature of the phenomenon.
Legal Problems of Complex Development of Territories (Part 2)
Authors: Shulzhenko S. I.
Published: March 2022

The article deals with the problems of integrated development of territories in the context of site planning, urban zoning and methods of disposal of public property: privatization, concession agreements, public-private partnerships. Current legislation, including laws of regions of the Russian Federation, was analyzed in detail and gaps in legislation were found. The paper emphasizes the need for further improvement of legislation and law-enforcement practices. The article also focuses on the withdrawal of land plots and objects located on them for the purposes of integrated development of territories and fixing rent rates. Recommendations are provided with regard to changes in existing legislation.
Modelizado y análisis de cortocircuito en sistemas eléctricos
Authors: Gallego Rendón Ramón Alfonso , Mora Flórez Juan José , Hincapié Isaza Ricardo Alberto
Published: March 2022

En este libro se presenta el modelamiento y análisis del sistema de transmisión para situaciones en las cuáles ocurren cambios bruscos en la operación, debido a fallas shunt y/o serie. El libro inicia describiendo el comportamiento de la corriente en el tiempo debido a la presencia de un fallo, lo que explica la presencia de los estados subtransitorio, transitorio y de estado estable. Conocido el estado en el cual ocurre el fallo, se modelan los elementos para el análisis del sistema en estado subtransitorio. Estos elementos se clasifican como estáticos (transformadores y líneas) y dinámicos (fuentes generadoras). Los primeros mantienen las características del estado estacionario y los segundos al presentar variaciones, deben modelarse en estado subtrasitorio o transitorio. Con el fin de facilitar el estudio, el modelamiento de los elementos se lleva a cabo en componentes de secuencia. De esa forma, un sistema que es trifásico, simétrico y equilibrado, se estudia a través de tres redes de secuencia monofásicas e independientes entre sí. Luego se conforman tres redes monofásicas, denominadas de secuencia positiva negativa y cero, donde la información de cada red es unificada haciendo uso de los valores en por unidad. Con base en esta información, se plantea un modelo matemático lineal que relaciona tensiones y corrientes nodales a través de la matriz Zbus. Con base en la información del sistema y el tipo de fallo, se determina la corriente de cortocircuito en el punto del fallo. Para el cálculo anterior, los fallos se modelan mediante programación matemática, haciendo uso de las leyes de Kirchhoff y la ley de Ohm, y se plantean en función de los elementos de la matriz Zbus y las condiciones de prefalla, obtenidos con un flujo de carga. Calculada la corriente de falla, se determina su influencia en la operación de la red a través de las tensiones nodales, con las cuales es posible obtener el estado operativo del sistema bajo estas condiciones.
Assessing human-leopard conflict in the middle mountain of western Nepal
Authors: Lamichhane Saroj , Thapa Arjun , Thapa Mahendra , Panthi Saroj , Giordano Anthony
Published: March 2022

Livestock rearing and agriculture are the main sources of communities to
sustain livelihood in the developing country like middle-mountain of the
Nepal. Leopard is a top predator in habitat of mid-hill which is a major
conflict wild animal. Forest degradation and declining wild prey
population bring leopard to conflict. The spatial and temporal patterns
of human-wildlife conflicts are poorly documented at provincial and
national level that hinders in formulating effective conflict mitigation
plan at real field. To assess pattern of human-leopard conflict (HLC) at
spatial and temporal scale, primary data was collected through
registered human wildlife conflict case collection which were
triangulated through interview with victim(n=156) and we used maximum
entropy along with relevant predictor variables to predict and map HLC
risk area at provincial level. The cases of HLC are increasing trend
last the five years. Annual average of 2.16 human death which shows
increasing trend (p<0.05), 5.16 human injury which shows
decreasing trend (p>0.05) and annual average of 159.6
livestock depredation which shows increasing trend (p<0.05)
were recorded in last five years. Winter is a main season of depredation
and goat was main depredated livestock. Out of total US$ 86892.25
($17378.45/year) economic loss, 78.57% was paid as relief indicating
implementation of government’s relief fund of human-wild conflict.
Results revealed mid elevated southern facing areas are more prone to
HLC with an ecological variable mean annual temperature as top predictor
including livestock density and distance to road. Predator-proof
livestock corrals, educating local communities about wildlife behavior
and timely management of problem animals will contribute to reduce the
conflict.
Aortic Arch Replacement and Autologous Pericardial Tracheal Patch for an Aorto-Tracheal Fistula
Authors: Musgrove Kelsey A. , McCarthy Daniel , Biasi Andreas de
Published: March 2022

Aorto-tracheal fistulas are rare and highly lethal, with few reports of
successful surgical intervention. We present a 48 year old man with
aorto-tracheal fistula induced by radiation therapy for tracheal
squamous cell carcinoma. He presented with hemoptysis and chest pain and
workup revealed the aorta-tracheal fistula between the posterior aortic
arch and anterior distal trachea. He was emergently taken to surgery. To
our knowledge, this is the first report of an aorto-tracheal fistula
successfully treated with a transverse aortic arch replacement and
complex tracheal repair using autologous pericardium with an omental
buttress.
A traditional Japanese garden and its lessons for modern times
Authors: Ding Yang , Zueva Polina , Grazuleviciute-Vileniske Indre , Yablonska Hanna , Początko Marek
Published: March 2022

The study focuses on the origins and characteristics of traditional Japanese landscape design and its features. A comparative analysis of historical Chinese and Japanese horticultural traditions is carried out, as a result of which it is proved that in both cases the basis was religious syncretism with regional characteristics. A comparative analysis of Chinese and Japanese gardens has shown how, over time, they drifted further and further from each other, the Chinese garden continued to improve its hedonistic orientation, while the Japanese garden followed the path of maximum asceticism, the aesthetics of empty space, symbolism, that is, which helped maximize concentration and self-contemplation.
Bartik Instruments: An Applied Introduction
Authors: Breuer Matthias
Published: March 2022

This article provides an applied introduction to Bartik instruments. The instruments attempt to reduce familiar endogeneity concerns in differential exposure designs (e.g., panel regressions with unit and time fixed effects). They isolate treatment variation due to the differential impact of common shocks on units with distinct pre-determined exposures. As a result, the instruments purge the treatment variation of possibly confounding factors varying across units over time. Given their broad applicability, Bartik instruments promise to provide researchers with a versatile new tool in their empirical toolbox to investigate relevant accounting questions.

JEL Classifications: C51; M40.
When Good Balance Goes Bad: A Discussion of Common Pitfalls When Using Entropy Balancing
Authors: McMullin Jeff , Schonberger Bryce
Published: March 2022

For many accounting research questions, empirical researchers cannot randomly assign observations to treatment conditions or identify a quasi-experimental setting. In these cases, entropy balancing (Hainmueller 2012) is an increasingly popular statistical method for identifying a control sample that is nearly identical to the treated sample with respect to observable covariates. In this paper, we compare entropy balancing's approach of reweighting control sample observations to ordinary least squares and propensity score matching. We demonstrate that researchers applying entropy balancing in empirical settings involving panel data with features common in accounting research may encounter implementation issues that render the resulting estimates sensitive to relatively minor changes in the control sample or the research design. Using the setting of estimating the Big-N audit fee premium, we empirically demonstrate these issues and propose solutions.

Data Availability: Data are available from public sources cited in the text.

JEL Classifications: C18; M4.
Admission Blood Glucose Level and Its Association With Cardiovascular and Renal Complications in Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19
Authors: Norris Tom , Razieh Cameron , Yates Thomas , Zaccardi Francesco , Gillies Clare L , Chudasama Yogini V , Rowlands Alex , Davies Melanie J , McCann Gerry P , Banerjee Amitava , Docherty Annemarie B , Openshaw Peter JM , Baillie J Kenneth , Semple Malcolm G , Lawson Claire A. , Khunti Kamlesh
Published: March 2022

Objective:
Investigate the association between admission blood glucose levels and risk of
in-hospital cardiovascular and renal complications.

Research
Design and Methods: A multicentre, prospective study of 36269 adults
hospitalised with COVID-19 between 06.02.2020–16.03.2011 (total n before
exclusions:143266). Logistic regression models explored associations between
admission glucose level (mmol/l and mg/dL) and odds of in-hospital
complications including heart failure, arrhythmia, cardiac ischaemia, cardiac
arrest, coagulation complications, stroke and renal injury. Non-linearity was
investigated using restricted cubic splines. Interaction models explored
whether associations between glucose levels and complications were modified by
clinically relevant factors.

Results:
Cardiovascular and renal complications occurred in 10421 (28.7%) patients;
median admission glucose level was 6.7mmol/l (IQR:5.8,8.7; 120.6mg/dL(104.4,156.6)).
Accounting for confounders, for all complications except cardiac ischaemia and
stroke there was a non-linear association between glucose and cardiovascular
and renal complications. For example, odds of heart failure, arrhythmia,
coagulation complications and renal injury decreased to a nadir at
6.4(115mg/dL), 4.9(88.2mg/dL), 4.7(84.6mg/dL) and 5.8(104.4mg/dL) mmol/l,
respectively and increased thereafter until 26.0(468mg/dL), 50.0(900mg/dL),
8.5(153mg/dL) and 32.4(583.2mg/dL) mmol/l. Compared to 5 mmol/l (90mg/dL), odds
ratios at these glucose levels were 1.28 (95%CI: 0.96,1.69) for heart failure,
2.23 (95%CI: 1.03,4.81) for arrhythmia, 1.59 (95%CI: 1.36,1.86) for coagulation
complications and 2.42 (95%CI: 2.01,2.92) for renal injury. For most
complications, a modifying effect of age was observed, with higher odds of
complications at higher glucose levels for patients younger than 69 years.
Pre-existing diabetes status had a similar modifying effect on odds of complications,
but evidence was strongest for renal injury, cardiac ischaemia and ‘any
cardiovascular/renal complication’.

Conclusions: Increased
odds of cardiovascular or renal complications were observed for admission
glucose levels indicative of both hypo- and hyperglycaemia. Admission glucose
could be used as a marker for risk stratification of high-risk patients.
Further research should evaluate interventions to optimize admission glucose on
improving COVID-19 outcomes.
Laser beam brazing of aluminum alloys in XHV-adequate atmosphere with surface deoxidation by ns-pulsed laser radiation
Authors: Aman Witali , Nothdurft Sarah , Hermsdorf Jörg , Kaierle Stefan , Szafarska Maik , Gustus René , Overmeyer Ludger
Published: March 2022

Laser beam brazing is an established manufacturing process due to its low heat input and esthetically appealing seams. However, brazing of materials with high oxygen affinity, such as aluminum alloys, requires the removal of surface oxides prior to the brazing process, commonly through the application of chemical fluxes that may be harmful to the environment and to health. The approach presented here dispenses with the use of fluxes and involves oxide layer removal by means of ns-pulsed laser radiation within an atmosphere that is adequate to an extreme high vacuum (XHV) in regard to the oxygen content. By doping the process gas with monosilane (SiH4), an oxygen content equivalent to an extreme high vacuum with an oxygen partial pressure below 10−20 mbar is realized. Hence, a subsequent reoxidation is actively prevented so that wetting of the base material by the filler material and consequent diffusion processes are enabled. The wetting angle between filler material and material is used to evaluate the effectiveness of laser-based deoxidation under an XHV-adequate atmosphere.
Mono-and di-cationic Ionic Liquids: Synthesis, Characterization and Applications in Batteries
Authors: Mao Lizhen
Published: March 2022

In this paper, a mono-cationic ionic liquid (MIL) ([BMIM] [NTF 2 ]) and two di-cationic ionic liquids (DILs) ([C 5 (MIM) 2 ][NTF 2 ] 2 and [C 6 (MIM) 2 ][NTF 2 ] 2 ) were synthesized by two-step method, and the conductivity, viscosity and electrochemical stability of the three ionic liquids were systematically studied and analyzed. The results show that the conductivity of MIL is better than that of DILs, while the viscosity and the electrochemical stability of DILs are higher than those of MIL. The viscosity of the DILs decreases with the increasing length of the group within the DILs. Finally, the application of MIL as the electrolyte in the lithium-oxygen battery was studied.
Pati-Salam Model in Curved Space-Time from Square Root Lorentz Manifold
Authors: Li De-Sheng
Published: March 2022

There is a ( ) ( ) 4' 4 UU × -bundle on four-dimensional square root Lorentz manifold. Then a Pati-Salam model in curved space-time (Lagrangian) and a gravity theory (Lagrangian) are constructed on square root Lorentz manifold based on self-parallel transportation principle. An explicit formulation of Sheaf quantization on this square root Lorentz manifold is shown. Sheaf quantization is based on superposition principle and construct a linear Sheaf space in curved space-time. The transition amplitude in path integral quantization is given which is consistent with Sheaf quantization. All particles and fields in Standard Model (SM) of particle physics and Einstein gravity are found in square root metric and the connections of bundle. The interactions between particles/fields are described by Lagrangian explicitly. There are few new physics in this model. The gravity theory is Einstein-Cartan kind with torsion. There are new particles, right handed neutrinos, dark photon, Fiona, c X ± and 01212 ** ,, ,, Y YY YY
Final Simplest Model of Smallest Particles and Possibly Developed Directions of Particle Physics
Authors: Yi-Fang Chang
Published: March 2022

First, so far the high energy experiments in the past sixty years have shown that the smallest mass fermions are proton, electron, neutrino and photon, which form the simplest model of particles. These fermions seem to be inseparable truth “atoms” (elements), because further experiments derive particles with bigger mass. They correspond to four interactions, and are also only stable particles. Next, the final simplest theory is based on leptons (e- e ν ) and nucleons (p-n) or (u-d) in quark model with SU(2) symmetry and corresponding Yang-Mills field. Other particles and quark-lepton are their excited states. Their spectrum is mass formula and symmetric lifetime formula. Some applications are discussed. Further, the simplest interactions and unification of weak-strong interactions by QCD are discussed. We research opposite continuous separable models. Finally, we propose some possibly developed directions of particle physics, for example, violation of basic principles, in particular, the uncertainty principle, and precision and systematization of the simplest model, etc.
Elementos teóricos para la investigación en psicología y calidad de vida
Authors: Maldonado Suárez Neiber , Santoyo Telles Felipe
Published: March 2022

El objetivo del presente estudio es realizar una revisión narrativa de los avances teóricos y epistemológicos en torno a la investigación en calidad de vida para identificar la incorporación de la psicología a esta línea de investigación. En un primer momento se revisarán los antecedentes que dieron origen al concepto a partir de los aportes que Arthur Pigou realizó desde la economía en 1932, así como el contexto de la Gran Depresión en Estados Unidos y la posguerra. Posteriormente, se analizarán las implicaciones teóricas y epistemológicas que se produjeron a partir de los cambios en la forma de abordar la calidad de vida con la inclusión de indicadores subjetivos, que se sumaron a las mediciones objetivas que tradicionalmente se realizaban. Con la incorporación de mediciones subjetivas se marcó el inicio de la participación de la psicología en los estudios sobre calidad de vida, por lo que se analizan los principales aportes de esta disciplina a este campo. Los aportes de este documento se sitúan en el campo teórico, pues se pretende que este sea una referencia para estudiantes tanto de licenciatura como de posgrado que inicien su formación en la investigación en psicología y calidad de vida.
El efecto del modelo estructural y la sostenibilidad en las universidades públicas: un estudio de caso
Authors: Zúñiga Sánchez Oscar
Published: March 2022

La presente investigación analizó si la estrategia implementada por la Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG) en el periodo 2012-2016 permitió aumentar significativamente el número de programas de estudios de pregrado con los principios que demanda el desarrollo sostenible como parte de una formación integral del estudiantado. Asimismo, se analizó si el modelo estructural que la caracteriza es un factor que influye en este proceso. Los resultados indicaron que la estructura multidisciplinar que caracteriza a los centros universitarios regionales contribuyen al logro de estos objetivos. Sin embargo, esto no sucede en el esquema de facultades o centros temáticos que constituyen a la UdeG en su conjunto. Se concluye que la estructura es un factor relevante en las estrategias para incorporar los principios que demanda el desarrollo sostenible al currículo universitario, así como también inhibe el desarrollo de actividades inter y transdisciplinares, que es una condición necesaria para el tránsito hacia sociedades más sostenibles.
Transfer Pengetahuan Pemasaran Online Pada UMKM Makanan dan Minuman
Authors: Syamsudin  , Nuryulia Praswati Aflit , Mukharomah Wafiatun , Jabal Noor Muhammad
Published: March 2022

Micro Small Medium Entreprises (MSMEs) have contributed significantly to the regional economy over the years. UMKM are also one of the sectors that have the strength to withstand various economic shocks. This strength can be seen from the enthusiasm to continue producing so that employees can continue to work even though income has decreased. However, the Covid-19 Pandemic that is currently underway provides a different surprise. Various government policies, such as restricting outdoor activities and advice not to crowd, have made it difficult for MSMEs , especially the food and beverage sector, to offer their products. MSMEs must immediately innovate in marketing. When store operating time is limited in order to prevent the spread of the Covid-19 virus and consumers who are worried about shopping directly in stores, MSMEs can use online marketing so that products can be remembered and purchased by consumers. Universities have an obligation to participate in helping MSMEs to survive. Through community service activities, a team of lecturers and students at the Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta conducted a knowledge transfer program and online marketing skills at food and beverage MSMEs in Sragen Regency. This community service activity provides assistance in making product photos and brochures equipped with interesting captions, as well as online marketing videos for MSMEs in Sragen Regency.