bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing ADHD prevalence and comorbidities in the United States: Insights from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services (SAMHSA) data
Authors: Patil Mahie , Konda Sanjana , Ganti Latha
Published: December 2024

This study analyzes 2022 data from SAMHSA’s Mental Health Client-Level Data (MH-CLD) to investigate ADHD prevalence and comorbidity. The findings reveal that 10.70% of the 5,899,698 patients were diagnosed with ADHD, indicating a high demand for targeted resources. ADHD prevalence declines with age, highest in children aged 0–11, and decreases with educational attainment, emphasizing the need for early intervention. Employment challenges are significant, with the highest ADHD prevalence among those not in the labor force. Racial disparities show Black individuals have the highest ADHD rates (9.71%) and Asian individuals the lowest (5.05%). Geographic differences indicate higher prevalence in the Midwest and South. Gender disparities and marital status also influence prevalence, with males and never-married individuals showing higher rates. ADHD shows strong comorbidity with oppositional defiant disorder, pervasive developmental disorder/autism spectrum disorder and conduct disorder. Effective ADHD management requires collaborative efforts from educators, employers, healthcare providers and policymakers to create supportive environments and tailored approaches considering demographic variables, comorbid conditions and socioeconomic factors.
Continuum limit for interacting systems on adaptive networks
Authors: Throm Sebastian
Published: December 2024

The article considers systems of interacting particles on networks with adaptively coupled dynamics. Such processes appear frequently in natural processes and applications. Relying on the notion of graph convergence, we prove that for large systems the dynamics can be approximated by the corresponding continuum limit. Well-posedness of the latter is also established.
Beyond the foreign language effect: unravelling the impact of l2 proficiency on rationality
Authors: Purpuri Silvia , Vasta Nicola , Filippi Roberto , Treccani Barbara , Wei Li , Mulatti Claudio
Published: December 2024

This study investigated the impact of reading statements in a second language (L2) versus the first language (L1) on core knowledge confusion (CKC), superstition, and conspiracy beliefs. Previous research on the Foreign Language Effect (FLE) suggests that using an L2 elicits less intense emotional reactions, promotes rational decision-making, reduces risk aversion, causality bias and superstition alters the perception of dishonesty and crime, and increases tolerance of ambiguity. Our results do not support the expected FLE and found instead an effect of L2 proficiency: Participants with lower proficiency exhibited more CKC, were more superstitious and believed more in conspiracy theories, regardless of whether they were tested in L1 or L2. The study emphasises the importance of considering L2 proficiency when investigating the effect of language on decision-making and judgements: It—or related factors—may influence how material is judged, contributing to the FLE, or even creating an artificial effect.
Mesozoic Evolution of the Southeastern Tibetan Plateau From Sediment Provenance of the Qamdo Basin: Implications for Proto‐Plateau Development
Authors: Shang Fei , Weislogel Amy , Robinson Delores , Jackson William
Published: December 2024

Provenance analysis of the Qamdo basin reveals convergent tectonic evolution of the southeastern Tibetan plateau region from initiation as a Late Triassic foreland basin to a final phase as a Cretaceous intermontane basin. Sandstone composition and detrital zircon ages consistently reflect recycled sedimentary sources throughout the Mesozoic, with only minor evidence for contributions from magmatic sources. Detrital zircon with Mesozoic ages are rare (≲10% of all ages), with no <160 Ma zircon observed; instead detrital zircon ages form five main age populations (230–330 Ma; 400–500 Ma; 650–1,200 Ma; 1,600–2,100 Ma and 2,400–2,600 Ma). These results indicate that during Late Triassic‐Early Jurassic time, sediment was transported from sources in the Yidun terrane across the Jinsha suture into the Qamdo depocenter as it formed a south‐facing foreland basin. Middle‐Upper Jurassic strata of the central Qamdo basin record local input from volcanic arcs of the Bangong‐Nujiang suture zone as the Meso‐Tethys ocean closed and a north‐facing foreland developed in the Qamdo region. The youngest Cretaceous deposits reflect coarse‐grained alluvial deposition synchronous with development of east‐vergent growth‐strata, reflecting intermontane basin formation resulting from inboard stress transmitted from closure of Neo‐Tethys oceanic lithosphere due to convergence with the Lhasa block. By this time, the Qamdo basin region was a high‐standing depocenter developed within orogenic uplands that preceded formation of the high topography of the “Lhasaplano,” and is consistent with models suggesting proto‐plateau formation prior to Himalayan orogenesis.
Iron Oxidation in the Nitrogenous Oxygen Deficient Zone of the Eastern Tropical North Pacific Ocean
Authors: Bolster Kenneth M. , Moffett James W.
Published: December 2024

Oxygen deficient zones (ODZs) contain elevated concentrations of dissolved, reduced iron (Fe(II)), presumably sourced from shelf sediments. As that Fe(II) is transported offshore, it is oxidized and scavenged to the continental slope. The redox reactions involved and their influence on transport are poorly constrained. Here, the in situ oxidation of Fe(II) by nitrate and or nitrite and incorporation into iron oxyhydroxides was studied in a free floating sediment trap array in the Eastern Tropical North Pacific ODZ. Particle‐dependent Fe(II) half‐lives ranged from 43 to 132 days, with the slowest rates at each station within the core of the ODZ. The very slowest rates were at an offshore station with the lowest Fe(II) concentrations. We conclude that iron oxidation in this region is likely a microbially driven process. An inverse model described the characteristic distribution of Fe(II) within ODZs by coupling a benthic source with our oxidation rate data. While oxidation was assumed to be first order with respect to Fe(II), apparent second order kinetics yielded the best fit, presumably because microbial Fe(II) oxidizer abundance is proportional to Fe(II) concentration. The fit was also improved by incorporating an Fe(II) source within the ODZ from remineralization of sinking particles. While this source was at odds with thermodynamics in a nitrate‐dominated regime, we showed that Fe(II) production occurs in anaerobic, nitrate‐replete mesocosm, provided that large particles are present. Such particles may harbor nitrate‐depleted microenvironments that create conditions thermodynamically favorable for iron reduction. These experiments provided a justification for incorporating a remineralization term into the model.
GRIM-19-mediated induction of mitochondrial STAT3 alleviates systemic sclerosis by inhibiting fibrosis and Th2/Th17 cells
Authors: Jeong Ha Yeon , Park Jin-Sil , Choi Jeong Won , Lee Kun Hee , Yang Seung Cheon , Kang Hye Yeon , Cho Sang Hee , Lee Seon-Yeong , Lee A Ram , Park Youngjae , Park Sung-Hwan , Cho Mi-La
Published: December 2024

The gene associated with the retinoid–IFN-induced mortality-19 (GRIM-19) protein is a regulator of a cell death regulatory protein that inhibits STAT3, which is a critical transcription factor for interleukin (IL)-17-producing T (Th17) cells and a key integrator of extracellular matrix accumulation in systemic sclerosis (SSc). This protein is also a component of mitochondrial complex I, where it directly binds to STAT3 and recruits STAT3 to the mitochondria via the mitochondrial importer Tom20. In this study, the role of GRIM19 and its relationship with STAT3 in SSc development was investigated using a murine model of SSc. We observed a decrease in the level of GRIM-19 in the lesional skin of mice with bleomycin-induced SSc, which was negatively correlated with the level of STAT3. Overexpression of GRIM-19 reduced dermal thickness and fibrosis and the frequency of Th2 and Th17 cells in SSc mice. Mitophagic dysfunction promoted fibrosis in mice lacking PINK1, which is a mitophagy inducer. In an in vitro system, the overexpression of GRIM-19 increased the level of mitochondrial STAT3 (mitoSTAT3), induced mitophagy, and alleviated fibrosis progression. MitoSTAT3 overexpression hindered the development of bleomycin-induced SSc by reducing fibrosis. These results suggest that GRIM-19 is an effective therapeutic target for alleviating the development of SSc by increasing mitophagy.
Chemical exposomics in biobanked plasma samples and associations with breast cancer risk factors
Authors: Edlund Jessica , Sdougkou Kalliroi , Papazian Stefano , Wu Wendy Yi-Ying , Martin Jonathan W. , Harlid Sophia
Published: December 2024

Background

The chemical exposome includes exposure to numerous environmental and endogenous molecules, many of which have been linked to reproductive outcomes due to their endocrine-disrupting properties. As several breast cancer risk factors, including age and parity, are related to reproduction, it is imperative to investigate the interplay between such factors and the chemical exposome prior to conducting large scale exposome-based breast cancer studies.

Objective

This pilot study aimed to provide an overview of the chemical exposome in plasma samples from healthy women and identify associations between environmental exposures and three risk factors for breast cancer: age, parity, and age at menarche.

Material and methods

Plasma samples (n = 161), were selected based on reproductive history from 100 women participating in the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study, between 1987 and 2006. Samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) for 77 priority target analytes including contaminants and hormones, with simultaneous untargeted profiling of the chemical exposome and metabolome. Linear mixed effects models were applied to test associations between risk factors and chemical levels.

Results

Fifty-five target analytes were detected in at least one individual and over 94,000 untargeted features were detected across all samples. Among untargeted features, 430 could be annotated and were broadly classified as environmental (246), endogenous (167) or ambiguous (17). Applying mixed effect models to features detected in at least 70% of the samples (16,778), we found seven targeted analytes (including caffeine and various per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances) and 38 untargeted features, positively associated with age. The directionality of these associations reversed for parity, decreasing with increasing births. Seven separate targeted analytes were associated with age at menarche.

Significance

This study demonstrates how a comprehensive chemical exposome approach can be used to inform future research prioritization regarding associations between known and unknown substances, reproduction, and breast cancer risk.

Impact statement

This study illustrates how chemical exposomics of long-term stored blood samples offers valuable insights to discover chemical exposures and their potential links to disease in humans, particularly those related to reproduction and breast cancer risk factors.
Enhanced osteogenic potential of iPSC-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells following genome editing of GWAS variants in the RUNX1 gene
Authors: Khan Nazir M. , Wilderman Andrea , Kaiser Jarred M. , Kamalakar Archana , Goudy Steven L. , Cotney Justin , Drissi Hicham
Published: December 2024

Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified 518 significant loci associated with bone mineral density (BMD), including variants at the RUNX1 locus (rs13046645, rs2834676, and rs2834694). However, their regulatory impact on RUNX1 expression and bone formation remained unclear. This study utilized human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) differentiated into osteoblasts to investigate these variants’ regulatory roles. CRISPR/Cas9 was employed to generate mutant (Δ) iPSC lines lacking these loci at the RUNX1 locus. Deletion lines (Δ1 and Δ2) were created in iPSCs to assess the effects of removing regions containing these loci. Deletion lines exhibited enhanced osteogenic potential, with increased expression of osteogenic marker genes and Alizarin Red staining. Circularized chromosome conformation capture (4C-Seq) was utilized to analyze interactions between BMD-associated loci and the RUNX1 promoter during osteogenesis. Analysis revealed altered chromatin interactions with multiple gene promoters including RUNX1 isoform, as well as SETD4, a histone methyltransferase, indicating their regulatory influence. Interestingly, both deletion lines notably stimulated the expression of the long isoform of RUNX1, with more modest effects on the shorter isoform. Consistent upregulation of SETD4 and other predicted targets within the Δ2 deletion suggested its removal removed a regulatory hub constraining expression of multiple genes at this locus. In vivo experiments using a bone defect model in mice demonstrated increased bone regeneration with homozygous deletion of the Δ2 region. These findings indicate that BMD-associated variants within the RUNX1 locus regulate multiple effector genes involved in osteoblast commitment, providing valuable insights into genetic regulation of bone density and potential therapeutic targets.
Crystal structure generation with autoregressive large language modeling
Authors: Antunes Luis M. , Butler Keith T. , Grau-Crespo Ricardo
Published: December 2024

The generation of plausible crystal structures is often the first step in predicting the structure and properties of a material from its chemical composition. However, most current methods for crystal structure prediction are computationally expensive, slowing the pace of innovation. Seeding structure prediction algorithms with quality generated candidates can overcome a major bottleneck. Here, we introduce CrystaLLM, a methodology for the versatile generation of crystal structures, based on the autoregressive large language modeling (LLM) of the Crystallographic Information File (CIF) format. Trained on millions of CIF files, CrystaLLM focuses on modeling crystal structures through text. CrystaLLM can produce plausible crystal structures for a wide range of inorganic compounds unseen in training, as demonstrated by ab initio simulations. Our approach challenges conventional representations of crystals, and demonstrates the potential of LLMs for learning effective models of crystal chemistry, which will lead to accelerated discovery and innovation in materials science.
A pause in the weakening of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation since the early 2010s
Authors: Lee Sang-Ki , Kim Dongmin , Gomez Fabian A. , Lopez Hosmay , Volkov Denis L. , Dong Shenfu , Lumpkin Rick , Yeager Stephen
Published: December 2024

The current state-of-the-art climate models when combined together suggest that the anthropogenic weakening of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) has already begun since the mid-1980s. However, continuous direct observational records during the past two decades have shown remarkable resilience of the AMOC. To shed light on this apparent contradiction, here we attempt to attribute the interdecadal variation of the historical AMOC to the anthropogenic and natural signals, by analyzing multiple climate and surface-forced ocean model simulations together with direct observational data. Our analysis suggests that an extensive weakening of the AMOC occurred in the 2000s, as evident from the surface-forced ocean model simulations, and was primarily driven by anthropogenic forcing and possibly augmented by natural variability. However, since the early 2010s, the natural component of the AMOC has greatly strengthened due to the development of a strong positive North Atlantic Oscillation. The enhanced natural AMOC signal in turn acted to oppose the anthropogenic weakening signal, leading to a near stalling of the AMOC weakening. Further analysis suggests that the tug-of-war between the natural and anthropogenic signals will likely continue in the next several years.
Molecular basis for the diversification of lincosamide biosynthesis by pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzymes
Authors: Mori Takahiro , Moriwaki Yoshitaka , Sakurada Kosuke , Lyu Shuang , Kadlcik Stanislav , Janata Jiri , Mazumdar Aninda , Koberska Marketa , Terada Tohru , Kamenik Zdenek , Abe Ikuro
Published: December 2024

The biosynthesis of the lincosamide antibiotics lincomycin A and celesticetin involves the pyridoxal-5′-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzymes LmbF and CcbF, which are responsible for bifurcation of the biosynthetic pathways. Despite recognizing the same S-glycosyl-l-cysteine structure of the substrates, LmbF catalyses thiol formation through β-elimination, whereas CcbF produces S-acetaldehyde through decarboxylation-coupled oxidative deamination. The structural basis for the diversification mechanism remains largely unexplored. Here we conduct structure–function analyses of LmbF and CcbF. X-ray crystal structures, docking and molecular dynamics simulations reveal that active-site aromatic residues play important roles in controlling the substrate binding mode and the reaction outcome. Furthermore, the reaction selectivity and oxygen-utilization of LmbF and CcbF were rationally engineered through structure- and calculation-based mutagenesis. Thus, the catalytic function of CcbF was switched to that of LmbF, and, remarkably, both LmbF and CcbF variants gained the oxidative-amidation activity to produce an unnatural S-acetamide derivative of lincosamide.
Highly efficient synthesis of pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile derivatives over a robust biowaste bone char-Bronsted solid acid catalyst
Authors: Siahpour Zahra , Hajjami Maryam
Published: December 2024

In this study, the conversion of bones (waste of food industry) into bone char is described. The presence of calcium phosphate and graphitic carbon gives bone char unique properties, with different possible uses. The catalytic behavior of bone char modified with chlorosulfonic acid is tested as reusable and eco-friendly solid acid biocatalyst in synthesis of pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile derivatives. The catalyst properties were characterized by different techniques such as FT-IR, BET, SEM, TEM, TGA, EDS and XRD. The bone char catalyst can be reused several times without reducing catalyst efficiency. In addition to the various reported benefits, the first use of bone char as a catalyst support for organic synthesis is an important novelty of this study.
Analysis of queries to a Swedish drug information centre identifies scientific knowledge gaps
Authors: Nilsson Johan , Kindblom Jenny M. , Izsak Julia
Published: December 2024

Drug Information Centres (DICs) are providing clinicians with evidence-based support for rational drug treatment. However, knowledge gaps in the literature may hinder DICs from offering optimal guidance. This study examined the extent and nature of these knowledge gaps and their impact on clinical pharmacological advice, using real-world query data from a Swedish regional DIC. Data from 2022 at the Sahlgrenska University Hospital were analysed, focusing on queries outside off-label prescriptions and pharmaceutical aspects. A qualitative text content analysis identified phrases indicating a lack of evidence. Responses were categorized by the presence of these signalling phrases and the presence or absence of knowledge gaps. Among 209 responses, the majority were patient-specific (79%), posed by physicians (95%), and often related to adverse effects (37%). The analysis revealed that 23% of the responses had scientific knowledge gaps, and in 18% of the responses, no clinical pharmacological advice could be provided. Knowledge gaps were particularly associated with queries on adverse effects, long-term medication safety, specific patient cases and comorbidities, drug comparisons, or patient populations with limited literature coverage. This analysis highlights the potential of DICs to identify unmet clinical needs in drug treatment and to promote research for evidence-based, patient-centred drug treatment.
The role of DNA nanotechnology in medical sensing
Authors: Lien Darell
Published: December 2024

This paper explores how DNA nanotechnology enhances biosensors in medicine and pharmacology by taking advantage of the unique characteristics of DNA and the unique advantages of DNA origami technology.
Self-reduction of gold@platinum bimetallic nanoparticles on Ti3C2Tx MXene nanoribbons coupled with hydrogel and smartphone technology for colorimetric detection of silver ions
Authors: Li Jing , Zhou Xun , Mao Guanghua , Zhu Gangbing , Yi Yinhui
Published: December 2024

Gold@platinum bimetallic nanoparticles/Ti3C2Tx MXene nanoribbon hybrids were prepared as nanozymes for the colorimetric detection of silver ions coupled with hydrogel and smartphone technology.
Palladium-catalysed reactions in water using catalysts covalently tethered on a thermo-responsive polymer
Authors: Suzuki Noriyuki , Ebara Nozomu , Arai Rikito , Takahashi Chirika , Hung Tsai-Yu , Takeoka Yuko , Rikukawa Masahiro , Yokota Yukie , Tsai Fu-Yu
Published: December 2024

Pd complexes covalently tethered on thermoresponsive polymer catalysed coupling reactions in water.
Boosting photoelectrochemical water splitting: enhanced hole transport in BiVO4 photoanodes via interfacial coupling
Authors: Wang Hairu , Bai Yuying , Wang Rongling , Fu Yanan , Mei Qiong , Bai Bo , Wang Qizhao
Published: December 2024

Co3O4, functioning as an efficient charge transfer channel while simultaneously modulating the electronic structure of the NiFe-LDH metal center. Together, they synergistically optimise the interfacial properties of the BiVO4 matrix composites.
Highly efficient tunable white emission with ultralong afterglow in Sb3+/Mn2+-codoped CsCdCl3 crystals for multifunctional applications
Authors: Zhi Ruonan , Kong Linghang , Peng Hui , Wei Qilin , Dai Guang , Zou Bingsuo
Published: December 2024

We reported Sb3+/Mn2+-codoped CsCdCl3 crystals, which exhibit tunable white emission and orange afterglow emission. Furthermore, we demonstrated the application of the as-synthesized compounds in advanced optical applications.
Lactobacillus plantarum TWK10 relieves loperamide-induced constipation in rats fed a high-fat diet via modulating enteric neurotransmitters, short-chain fatty acids and gut microbiota
Authors: Liu Te-Hua , Chen Guan-Li , Lin Chih-Hui , Tsai Tsung-Yu , Cheng Meng-Chun
Published: December 2024

TWK10 and its fermented soy milk demonstrated efficacy in alleviating loperamide-induced constipation in rats fed a high-fat diet.
Effect of silver and cobalt on transparent conducting CdO thin films: tuning the optoelectronic properties
Authors: Karim Ishraque , Naeem M. Ashikul Haque , Ayon Ahmed Sidrat Rahman , Sattar Md. Abdus , Sabur Md. Abdus , Ahmed Aninda Nafis
Published: December 2024

Thin film technology is a crucial area of research for the advancement of modern technologies and next-generation applications.
Dual metal synergistic modulation of boron nitride for high-temperature wave-transparent metamaterials
Authors: Xie Zhangwen , Tang Yufei , Luo Ziyun , Zhang Yagang , Zheng Wanxing , Chen Xi , Meng Qingnan , Tang Chen , Liu Zhaowei , Zhao Kang
Published: December 2024

The synergistic modulation of BN by dual metallic elements of Ca and Al (0.5Ca–0.5Al–BN) was proposed, which elegantly integrates the advantages of metamaterial-like split ring resonator (SRR) features and h-BN's oxidation resistance enhancement.
Efficient regulation of surface hydroxyl groups on a Pt/Na/AC catalyst using two-step nonthermal plasma for high formaldehyde oxidation performance
Authors: Lian Liping , Xu Hui , Shu Ruchen , Tan Yujie , Wang Nan , Ma Jinzhu , Qin Feng , Cen Danyan , Hou Jianyuan , Zhang Renxi
Published: December 2024

A novel catalyst (Pt/Na/AC (P&P)) with 0.1 wt% Pt loading was synthesized via a two-step nonthermal plasma method, achieving excellent HCHO oxidation performance at ambient temperature by tailoring surface hydroxyl groups on Na/activated carbon (AC).
Recent advances in biotin-based therapeutic agents for cancer therapy
Authors: Wang Chao , Xiu Yutao , Zhang Yujing , Wang Yanhong , Xu Jiazhen , Yu Wanpeng , Xing Dongming
Published: December 2024

Biotin binds to drugs in two main modes: SMBCs and NBCs. Tumor cells have more biotin receptors than normal cells, allowing for greater biotin uptake, which can enhance drug delivery to tumors.
Chitosan-modified polymeric nanoparticles for the nose-to-brain drug delivery of paroxetine: an in vitro and in vivo evaluation
Authors: Sharma Surbhi , Gauba Pammi , Tyagi Amit , Dang Shweta
Published: December 2024

Chitosan-modified PLGA nanoparticles can increase the therapeutic potential of the paroxetine drug by increasing the targeted delivery through a cellular uptake mechanism. The mucoadhesive polymers enhance drug delivery via the intranasal route.
Coexistence of room temperature magneto-chiral dichroism and magneto-electric coupling in a chiral nanomagnet
Authors: Adi Langit Cahya , Aragon-Alberti Maxime , Rouquette Jérôme , Rikken Geert L. J. A. , Train Cyrille , Long Jérôme , Atzori Matteo
Published: December 2024

Here, we report on the magneto-chiral dichroism of a chiral nanomagnet showing magneto-electric coupling. These results represent the first evidence of the coexistence of magneto-chiral dichroism and magneto-electric coupling at room temperature.
6-Aryl- and 6,7-diaryl-1,3-dimethyl-1H-perimidin-2(3H)-ones: synthesis, conformational stability, crystal structure and optical properties
Authors: Dyatlov Andrey L. , Filatova Ekaterina A. , Pozharskii Alexander F. , Marchenko Sergey S. , Demidov Oleg P. , Chernyshev Anatoly V. , Metelitsa Anatoly V. , Brig Sergei S. , Medvedev Michael G. , Bekmansurov Danis R. , Morozov Pavel G. , Gulevskaya Anna V.
Published: December 2024

6-Aryl- and 6,7-diaryl-1,3-dimethyl-1H-perimidin-2(3H)-ones as structural analogs of fluorophoric 6-aryl- and 6,7-diaryl-1,8-naphthalimides were synthesized and comprehensively studied.
Synthesis, structure, and reactivity of fully aryl-substituted pyrroles: toward the synthesis of nitrogen-doped buckybowls
Authors: Yang Sha , Zhou Jie , Gan Ziyang , Wu Shuai , Shi Dan , Yan Hong , Xie Lili , Cheng Jiajia , Li Yuanming
Published: December 2024

This study describes the synthesis and potential applications of pentaaryl-substituted pyrroles.
Unveiling the zwitterionic nature of an ethyl piperazine-based dithiocarbamate chain transfer agent for achieving high molar mass polyvinyl acetate: experimental and computational insights
Authors: Haribabu P. M. , Ranjan Prabodh , Vijayakrishna Kari
Published: December 2024

A more stable zwitterionic form, rather than an active CS state, makes dithiocarbamate based CTA-1 a less active system. The low addition rates of CTA-1 enhance its compatibility with the polymerization of the VAc monomer.
Efficient encapsulation of insulin by a giant macrocycle as a powerful approach to the inhibition of its fibrillation
Authors: Wang Ruotong , Fang Zihan , Li Shenghui , Zhang Ziliang , Dong Ming , Chen Junyi , Meng Qingbin , Li Chunju
Published: December 2024

Giant pentaphen[3]arene sulfate with excellent biocompatibility and distinctive recognition potency, can not only inhibit insulin fibrillation but also disaggregate its mature fibril.
Reversing selectivity of bambusuril macrocycles toward inorganic anions by installing spacious substituents on their portals
Authors: Rando Carola , Grewal Surbhi , Sokolov Jan , Kulhánek Petr , Šindelář Vladimír
Published: December 2024

The order of bulky 1-phenylethyl and small methyl substituents of the macrocycle building blocks has a major impact on the affinity and selectivity of the macrocycle toward inorganic anions.
Correction: An innovative chalcogenide transfer agent for improved aqueous quantum dot synthesis
Authors: Petit Guillaume , Malherbe Cedric , Bianchi Pauline , Monbaliu Jean-Christophe M.
Published: December 2024

Correction for ‘An innovative chalcogenide transfer agent for improved aqueous quantum dot synthesis’ by Guillaume Petit et al., Chem. Sci., 2024, 15, 13148–13159, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4SC01135J.
Coal gasification slag-based-sodium acetate trihydrate composite phase change materials for solar thermal energy storage
Authors: Zhang Yawen , Fang Minghao , Li Xin , Chai Zongce , Guo Zijiao , Min Xin
Published: December 2024

Sodium acetate trihydrate (SAT) is an extremely potential low-temperature phase change material (PCM) in the solar power absorption, residual heat recovery, and other fields.
Protein–polyelectrolyte complexation: effects of sterically repulsive groups, macromolecular architecture and hierarchical assembly
Authors: Hlushko Raman , Marin Alexander , Andrianov Alexander K.
Published: December 2024

Self-assembly of proteins and polyelectrolytes in aqueous solutions is a promising approach for the development of advanced biotherapeutics and engineering efficient biotechnological processes.
An efficient toluene barrier membrane for high-performance direct toluene hydrogenation via an electrochemical process
Authors: Lee Chang Jin , Kim Taeseung , Song Jaeheon , Yoon Sang Jun , Oh Keun-Hwan , Yu Duk Man , Lee Sang-Young , So Soonyong
Published: December 2024

A hydrocarbon-based proton exchange membrane with tailored hydrophilic domains reduces toluene permeation compared to Nafion, improving the efficiency of direct electro-hydrogenation of toluene to methyl cyclohexane and long-term performance.
In situ reactive modification strategy to enhance the performance of n–i–p perovskite solar cells
Authors: Zheng Yupeng , Zhang Zhenlin , Cao Shuguang , Luo Shizi , Bi Zhuoneng , Ozerova Victoria V. , Slesarenko Nikita A. , Emelianov Nikita A. , Shchurik Elena , Gutsev Lavrenty G. , Ramachandran Bala R. , Gutsev Gennady L. , Ren Zhiwei , Li Gang , Aldoshin Sergey M. , Troshin Pavel A. , Xu Xueqing
Published: December 2024

The role played by the cation–anion interaction within phenylethylammonium salts in passivating perovskite surface defects is systematically characterized.
Colossal barocaloric effect with a wide working-temperature span in octylamine hydrochloride
Authors: Wang Xuelian , Wang Haoyu , Zhao Xueting , Zhang Zhe , Wang Xiaolei , Li Bing
Published: December 2024

Octylamine hydrochloride exhibits colossal barocaloric performance with a wide working-temperature span.
A peptide-based conductive hydrogel capable of in situ bioelectrocatalytic NADH regeneration for sustained production of 1-propanol
Authors: Liu Yaping , Lv Mingchen , Chen Ran , Zhang Zhuo , Teng Runxin , Qin Jinlong , Sun Min , Fan Zhen , Du Jianzhong
Published: December 2024

Herein, the authors developed a peptide-based conductive hydrogel that consistently generates NADH, which served as a bridge linking electrochemical and biocatalytic modules to foster 1-propanol production by alcohol dehydrogenase catalysis.
Introduction of sidewall CN: a high-temperature-resistant COF for lithium-ion storage
Authors: Yuan Jiahui , Zhang Zhenyu , Feng Yajie , Chen Fuzhou , Ding Wei , Zhang Yizi , Jia Hongxing , Gu Zhengrong
Published: December 2024

COF-HHTP-CN was synthesized with CN modified on the sidewall, which displayed superior structure stability during pyrolysis, generating an advanced LIB anode.
Ultrahigh detectivity of near-infrared organic phototransistor assisted by additional electron trap sites in a dielectric layer
Authors: Shou Meihua , Zheng Jiaxin , Liu Xingpeng , Zhou Jiadong , Xie Zengqi , Liao Qing , Li Haiou , Liu Linlin
Published: December 2024

This study introduced an additional electronic traps (ZnO nanoparticles) into the dielectric layer of the organic phototransistor, obtaining a high Ilight/Idark and an ultra-high detectivity while keeping the response time unchanged.
Non-thermal emission in galaxy groups at extremely low frequency: The case of A1213
Authors: Pasini T. , Mahatma V. H. , Brienza M. , Kolokythas K. , Eckert D. , de Gasperin F. , van Weeren R. J. , Gastaldello F. , Hoang D. , Santra R.
Published: December 2024

Context. Galaxy clusters and groups are the last link in the chain of hierarchical structure formation. Their environments can be significantly affected by outbursts from active galactic nuclei (AGN), especially in groups where the medium density is lower and the gravitational potential is shallower. Thus, interaction between AGN and group weather can greatly affect their evolution.

Aims. We investigate the non-thermal radio emission in Abell 1213, a galaxy group that is part of a larger sample of ∼50 systems (X-GAP) recently explored in XMM-Newton observations.

Methods. We exploited proprietary LOFAR 54 MHz and uGMRT 380 MHz observations, complementing them with 144 MHz LOFAR survey and XMM-Newton archival data.

Results. A1213 hosts a bright AGN associated with one of the central members, 4C 29.41, which was previously optically identified as a dumb-bell galaxy. Observations at 144 MHz at a resolution of 0.3″ have allowed us to resolve the central radio galaxy. From this source, a ∼500 kpc-long tail extends in the north-east direction. Our analysis suggests that the tail likely originated from a past outburst of 4C 29.41 and its current state might be the result of the interaction with the surrounding environment. The plateau of the spectral index distribution in the easternmost part of the tail suggests mild particle re-acceleration, which could have re-energised seed electrons from the past activity of the AGN. While we do observe a spatial and physical correlation of the extended, central emission with the thermal plasma (which might hint at a mini-halo), the current evidence cannot prove this conclusively.

Conclusions. A1213 is only the first group among the X-GAP sample that we have been able to investigate via low-frequency radio observations. Its complex environment once again demonstrates the significant impact that the interplay between thermal and non-thermal processes can exert on galaxy groups.
An investigation of the f-hole shape’s influence on the modal response of the violin
Authors: Bellows Samuel D. , Nakayama Daisuke
Published: December 2024

The violin’s f-hole shape plays a significant role in determining the instrument’s modal response. Researchers have long studied the influence of the f-hole shape on the A0 or Helmholtz mode through simplified lumped-element representations of this resonator-like mode. Nonetheless, the f-hole shape’s impact on the violin’s other modes remains ambiguous, partly due to the difficulties of modeling the instrument’s coupled acoustic and structural modal response. This work presents a coupled structural-acoustic model to predict how the f-hole shape alters the violin’s signature modes. The simulated results suggest that increasing the f-hole aperture size increases the radiated sound power of the A0 and B1− modes. The enlarged f-hole size also augments radiated levels for some higher frequency modes, including modes in the bridge-island region. Sequential measurements on a fractional-sized violin using two different f-hole shapes confirm the trend, highlighting the utility of altering the f-hole shape to tune the violin’s modal response.
Analyzing multi-mode and multi-position reliability of composite reinforced plate based on branch-bound method
Authors: FENG Yunwen , SONG Zhicen , CAO Yizhe , LU Cheng , XUE Xiaofeng
Published: December 2024

To overcome the concurrency of multi-mode and multi-position failures of composite structures, this paper explores the application of the branch-bound method (BBM) to the multi-mode and multi-position reliability analysis and combines the Monte Carlo method to solve the multi-mode reliability. Firstly, "branch" is carried out by combining structural composition with loading state to identify all possible potential failure modes; "boundary" is carried out by combining structural characteristics with stress state to determine main failure modes and failure positions, thus establishing a multi-mode reliability analysis model. Secondly, by translating the unequal failure criterion to safe boundary equations, a framework for the reliability analysis of composite materials was established, and the Monte Carlo method was used to solve the reliability of multi-mode and multi-position failures. Finally, a reliability analysis case was used to validate the composite T-type reinforced plate under axial compressive load. The use of the BBM reduces the computational scale by 75%. The multi-mode reliability of the reinforced plate under axial compressive load is 0.998.
Multi-objective performance optimization of turbofan engine for test run
Authors: WEI Bofei , WANG Yuting , GUO Zexuan , LIU Feng , XI Feng , SI Shubin , CAI Zhiqiang
Published: December 2024

Turbofan engines are widely used in military and civilian aviation fields due to their high propulsion efficiency and low fuel consumption rate, and their performance directly affects the safety and stability of flight mission. It is of great practical significance to optimize the turbine inlet temperature and high-pressure compressor speed under different thrust states, so as to improve the pass rate of the first test run. This paper proposes a multi-objective performance optimization framework for turbofan engines. On the historical production dataset of a certain type of turbofan engine, the turbine inlet temperature and high-pressure compressor speed under different thrusts are taken as target variables, and area variable a, area variable b, and angle variable c in the assembly stage are taken as attribute variables. Then, the multi-objective performance optimization model based on tree augmented naive bayes is established and compared and verified with the current mainstream algorithm for verification. Finally, combining with the posterior qualified probability inference and state combination global search method, a recommended state combination table is given to assist enterprises in the formulation of component production and manufacturing assembly standards, thereby optimizing turbofan engine performance, reducing reassembly requirements, and improving the pass rate of the first test run.
Task allocation and path planning for multi-robot systems in intelligent warehousing
Authors: CHU Jing , TIAN Yiqiu , YUE Qi , HUANG Yong
Published: December 2024

Faced with today's increasingly complex market demands, traditional manual warehouse systems are becoming inadequate, necessitating the urgent intelligent transformation and upgrading of warehouse systems. In this context, this paper aims to design a task allocation and path planning strategy for a multi-robot warehouse system to efficiently accomplish mixed single-robot and multi-robot types of warehouse tasks. The study proposes a warehouse task allocation strategy that incorporates traffic flow impact factors into the auction algorithm, optimizing task allocation by predicting robot density in various areas of the environment. For multi-robot formation tasks, a three-robot formation model based on the virtual structure method is designed. Additionally, a two-layer path planning strategy is proposed: the outer layer conducts global path planning based on the Floyd algorithm, while the inner layer resolves various collision issues through traffic rule constraints, achieving local optimal path planning. Simulation experiments conducted on the MATLAB platform show that the multi-robot system can flexibly handle mixed types of warehouse tasks, effectively reducing collision risks between robots and stagnation in dense areas, thereby improving the safety and efficiency of the multi-robot system. This study provides a reference for future research and practical applications of multi-robot systems.
A novel elite guidance-based social learning particle swarm optimization algorithm
Authors: QI Cheng , XIE Junwei , WANG Xue , FENG Weike , ZHANG Haowei
Published: December 2024

To improve the premature convergence and poor global search capability of the classical particle swarm algorithm(PSO), this paper proposes a novel elite guidance-based social learning particle swarm optimization (ESLPSO) algorithm. In the ESLPSO algorithm, a hierarchical topological search method is proposed. The method divides particles into optimal elite particles and other civilian particles according to their fitness performance, revolutionizing the update sample of the traditional population iterative search and enhancing the guidance of the whole population evolution information. In addition, an elite particle-guided social learning strategy is designed to better utilize the multidimensional information on population evolution by increasing the uncertainty of state superposition. On this basis, the extremum perturbation migration mechanism motivates the particles to experience new search paths and regions, increase population diversity and balance the population's exploration and exploitation in the search process. Moreover, the Cubic chaos initialization is employed to endow the initial particle population with a wide coverage in the search space. Finally, 12 benchmark test function sets covering unimodal, multimodal and rotated-multimodal functions are used to validate the performance of the proposed algorithm. The results on comparing the ESLPSO algorithm with other eight improved PSO algorithms show that the ESLPSO algorithm has excellent search performances in solving different types of functions, having efficient robustness and excellent solutions.
Parcours professionnalisant en soins primaires : un dispositif de simulation médecin généraliste – pharmacien d’officine
Authors: Boussuge Cyrielle , Richard Estelle , Garon David , Humbert Xavier
Published: December 2024

Contexte et problématique : La collaboration interprofessionnelle entre médecins généralistes et pharmaciens d’officine est une pratique quotidienne pour ces deux professions. Or, peu d’enseignements existent afin de favoriser la communication entre ces professionnels. Objectifs : Rapporter les résultats d’une évaluation préliminaire d’un dispositif de formation visant à améliorer la communication entre les internes en médecine générale (IMG) et les étudiants en pharmacie. Méthodes : Un séminaire obligatoire d’une demi-journée pour les IMG en deuxième année (8e année) et les étudiants en pharmacie en sixième année a été mis en place. Un patient simulé suivait un parcours de soins comprenant une prescription lors d’une consultation de médecine générale puis une délivrance des médicaments au comptoir de la pharmacie. Quatre grands thèmes étaient abordés (hypertension artérielle, broncho-pneumopathie chronique obstructive, lombalgie, syndrome grippal) et permettaient des débriefings spécifiques. Le ressenti des étudiants (effet de l’exercice de simulation sur les relations interprofessionnelles, sentiment d’aisance à contacter un membre de l’autre profession, acquisition de compétences pour l’exercice professionnel) était évalué à l’issue de la simulation. Des tests exacts de Fisher ou de chi-2 ont été utilisés pour comparer les ressentis des étudiants des deux filières. Résultats : Du 06/04/2022 au 04/05/2022, 90 IMG et 43 étudiants en pharmacie ont participé à ces parcours de soins simulés. 70 (78 %) IMG et 30 (70 %) étudiants en pharmacie ont répondu au questionnaire. Les relations interprofessionnelles ont été améliorées par ce séminaire pour 79 % (55/70) des IMG et 80 % (24/30) des étudiants en pharmacie. Le sentiment d’aisance à contacter un membre de l’autre profession avait augmenté pour 76 % (53/70) des IMG et 83 % (25/30) des étudiants en pharmacie. Par ailleurs, 96 % (67/70) des IMG et 83 % (25/30) des étudiants en pharmacie estimaient avoir acquis des compétences pour leur exercice professionnel. Il n’y avait pas de différence statistiquement significative concernant les différents items étudiés dans les deux groupes d’étudiants. Conclusion : Ce séminaire interprofessionnel entre IMG et étudiants en pharmacie a rencontré un vif succès auprès des étudiants de ces deux filières. Un projet d’élargissement de l’enseignement aux préparateurs en pharmacie est en cours.
Development of Teaching Modules and Assessments Using Maritime and Culturally Responsive Approaches for Bintan Junior High Teachers (2024/2025)
Authors: Elfitra Legi , Wahyusari Ahada , Shanty Isnaini Leo , Loren Fabio Testy Ariance , Lolita Asri , Andheska Harry , Habiba Siti , Mustado Maulida , Malik Abdul , Lestari Sri
Published: December 2024

This study develops Teaching Modules and Independent Curriculum Assessments through Teaching at the Right Level and Culturally Responsive Teaching Approaches Based on Maritime Affairs for Bintan Junior High School Teachers for the 2024/2025 School Year This study reviews the validity and practicality levels of the use of teaching modules and assessments. Quantitative descriptive is based on questionnaire validation of assessment experts and material experts (modules) as well as questionnaire sheets of practicality test, while qualitative descriptive is based on the results of analysis of comments, and input in the form of suggestions and criticism. The assessment validation results obtained a score of 89.3% with very valid criteria and the teaching module validation results obtained a score of 88% with very valid criteria. After conducting validation, a practicality test was carried out on Bintan Junior High School class teachers obtaining a score of 87.6% with very practical criteria.
A Validation Study of Arithmetic Operation Tasks Integrated Malay Ethnomathematics Using the Rasch Model
Authors: Putra Zetra Hainul , Iranti Agna Dewi , Alim Jesi Alexander
Published: December 2024

This study aims to develop and test the feasibility of integrated arithmetic operation tasks integrated Malay ethnomathematics. The method used is quantitative method. The instruments developed amounted to 25 tasks and they were tested to 23 students from a public elementary school in Pelalawan, Riau, Indonesia. Data were analyzed using Rasch model. The results of this study indicate that 21 items are feasible to be used with high person reliability, but the item reliability is still low. Therefore, improvements are needed in several tasks so that they can measure more diverse student abilities.
Design of Metabolism Textbook Based on the Selection and Structuring Stage Criteria in the 4STMD Development Method
Authors: Juwita Ratulani , Kadarohman Asep , Halimatul Munawaroh Heli Siti , Abdullah Norazilawati
Published: December 2024

This research aims to develop a biochemistry textbook assisted by a conceptual change text with a four-step teaching material development method (4STMD) that is limited to the discussion of biomolecular metabolism presented using conceptual change texts. The 4STMD method used in the development of this textbook includes steps of selection, structuring, characterization, and didactic reduction. Research is limited to selection and structuring steps so that the research results are more directed and in-depth and in accordance with the truth of the concept. The instruments used are review sheets of conformity of concepts, indicators, and core competencies; as well as the suitability of concept changes, metabolic concept maps, macro structures, and textbook systematics. Based on the development results, 4 learning outcomes, 8 concept indicators, and 28 concept labels were obtained. The textbooks on biomolecular metabolism currently available are only available to medical students, with so many concepts of metabolic reactions and procedures present in this book. This is difficult for education students to understand, therefore it is necessary to have a biomolecular metabolism book that is easy to understand by education students which will later be taught to students in high school.