bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eficacia de tratamientos homeopáticos frente a nematodos gastrointestinales en bovinos del trópico bajo ecuatoriano
Authors: Pacheco-Merelo Gabriela , Montes-Zambrano Víctor , Alvarado-Álvarez Hugo , Angulo-Cubillán Francisco , Fonseca-Restrepo Carolina
Published: January 2023

Con el objetivo de evaluar la eficacia de tratamientos homeopáticos en el control de nematodosis gastrointestinal en bovinos, a través del porcentaje de reducción (%RH) de huevos por gramo de heces (HPG), se realizó una investigación con 60 bovinos mestizos, los cuales se ajustaron según su edad y distribuyeron en cinco tratamientos (T), tres con remedios homeopáticos (Arsenicum album, Artemisia cina y Sulphur), un grupo alopático (Fenbendazol 10 %) y otro control, siendo administrados por vía oral, a una dosis de 10 mL·animal-1·día-1, en los T homeopáticos al grupo respectivo, y al control agua destilada por cinco días consecutivos; al T alopático se le suministró una única dosis de 5 mg·kg-1 de peso vivo. La eficacia fue calculada a través del %RH, comparado con el grupo control. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que el T alopático, obtuvo un %RH de 88,5 % en la cuarta semana, pero con disminución del %RH desde la séptima a la novena semana con 42,68 y 5,32 %, respectivamente. En el caso de los remedios homeopáticos, el que presentó mejor eficacia fue A. cina con una reducción del 93,62 % en la novena semana del estudio; en el caso de sulphur 84,57 % y A. album, mostró un %RH hasta 49,96 %. Remedios homeopáticos como A. cina y sulphur mostraron eficacia frente a nematodos gastrointestinales en bovinos, siendo unas alternativas a productos alopáticos como Fenbendazol 10 %, por su mayor %RH a través del ensayo.
Polimarin Alumni's English Proficiency in Maritime Industry Competitiveness in Indonesia
Authors: Rahayuningsih Mahsunah Etik
Published: January 2023

The background of this research is the competition in looking for jobs, which is getting harder day by day, with the large number of alumni who have graduated from each educational institution in Indonesia; plus the narrowing of job opportunities makes everyone compete to fight for employment. Currently, English is a prerequisite for getting a job or doing further schooling. The research is entitled "Polimarin Alumni's English Proficiency in the Maritime Industry Competitiveness in Indonesia". The focus of this research is aimed at the alumni of POLIMARIN (Politeknik Maritim Negeri Indonesia) / (Indonesian State Maritim Polytechnic) who have worked or carried out an internship. The purpose of this research is that alumni can compete in the work age by mastering good English. The steps in conducting this research were by distributing questionnaires to alumni and also students who were still doing the internship. The result of this research is that the alumni of Polimarin has unsatisfactory proficiency in English. The conclusion from these findings can be used as a reference to improve ways or better learning methods for English language skills, especially speaking skills, because it is the most difficult material to master and a most important issue to alumni. Thus, the learning objectives based on the curriculum can increase English competency for cadets or students.
PEMAAFAN HAKIM DALAM HUKUM PIDANA INDONESIA : PESPEKTIF FALSAFAH PANCASILA
Authors: Ariyad Fikri , Islamy Athoillah
Published: January 2023

This study intends to identify the values of the Pancasila philosophy in the concept of forgiveness of judges contained in the Draft Criminal Code (RKUHP). This study uses a normative-philosophical approach. The data analysis technique is through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and data verification. The results of the study show that there are dimensions of the values of the Pancasila philosophy in the concept of forgiveness of judges. Those values are the divinity value, humanity value, national value, democracy value, justice value. The theoretical implication of this research shows that the various values of Pancasila can be the basis of legal paradigms and ideals in the modernization of Indonesian criminal law so that they are in line with the spirit of Indonesian values. The limitation of this research is that it has not reviewed the formal legal provisions of the concept of judge forgiveness
Penajaman Kualitas Citra Digital Menggunakan Histogram Equalization
Authors: Kurnia Herdy , Hidayat Taufik
Published: January 2023

CCTV (Closed-circuit Television) is a surveillance camera that is installed on roads and in various rooms around the world with the aim of reducing crime and increasing public safety. Often, the image quality of CCTV has poor results, one of the causes is noise. This condition causes the information contained is sometimes not well conveyed. Image enhancement is a part of image processing which has the aim of improving image quality by manipulating image parameters. The application of this research is to sharpen the quality of screen capture on CCTV. The method applied is histogram equalization which can improve image quality. Histogram equalization method will be applied using Google Colab because its use has good portability.
Hubungan Intelligence Quotient Dan Kecerdasan Emosi Dengan Problem Solving
Authors: Masluchah Luluk , Wigati Denok , Triwahyuni Herrien , Mufidah Wardatul , Lutfa Khafidhoh Nurul
Published: January 2023

Mahasiswa merupakan bagian dari suatu lembaga pendidikan tinggi yang dituntut untuk dapat berprestasi di bidang akademik dan non-akademik. Mahasiswa dengan banyak permasalahan yang ada, dapat memilih salah satu cara dari proses atau tahapan penyelesaian masalah, misalnya cara menanggapi, menguji, memilih respon, yang dapat membantunya dalam menyelesaikan masalah (problem solving). Untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan antara Intelligence Quotien dan Kestabilan Emosi dengan Problem Solving pada mahasiswa. Populasi penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa yang berusia 18-24 tahun di Universitas Darul ‘Ulum Jombang. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 35 Mahasiswa dengan teknik pengambilan sampel  menggunakan teknik incidental sampling, yaitu teknik pengambilan sampel secara kebetulan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan penyusunan skala problem solving mengacu pada aspek-aspek problem solving yang dikemukakan oleh Anderson. Dalam penelitian ini untuk mengungkap IQ menggunakan CFIT. Berdasarkan hasil ditemukan kolerasi positif antara intelligence quotient dan kestabilan emosi dengan problem solving pada mahasiswa. Jadi intelligence quotient dan kestabilan emosi yang ada pada diri individu dapat mempengaruhi probem solving, dan masing-masing variabel memiliki sumbangan efektif pada problem solving. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi intelligence quotient dan kestabilan emosi yang dimiliki mahasiswa, maka semakin baik pula problem solving.
Investigations on exhaust emissions of insulated diesel engine fuelled with algae oil blended with nano particles
Authors: Reddy P. Srinivas , Krishna M.V.S. Murali , Sanke Narsimhulu
Published: January 2023

Vegetable oils are good substitutes for diesel, as they are renewable, comparable calorific value and cetane (measure of combustion quality) number when compared with neat diesel operation. However, the disadvantages associated with vegetable oils such as high viscosity and low volatility cause combustion problems in diesel engines, which call for low heat rejection (LHR) engine, consisting of air gap insulated piston and air gap insulated liner. Particulate matter (PM), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), carbon mono oxide (CO) levels and un-burnt hydro carbons (UBHC) are the exhaust emissions from a diesel engine. They cause health hazards, once they are inhaled in. They also cause environmental effects like Green-house effect and Global Warming. Hence control of these emissions is an immediate effect and an urgent step. The pollutants of PM, NOx, CO and UBHC were determined at full load operation of the engine fuelled with algae oil blended with optimum quantity of diethyl ether (DEE) mixed with copper nano particles with varied injection timing with both versions of the engine such as conventional engine (CE) and LHR engine and compared with diesel operation on conventional engine. Particulate emissions were determined by AVL Smoke meter, while other emissions were measured by Netel Chromatograph multi-gas analyzer at full load operation. The pollutants of PM, CO and UBHC were drastically reduced with test fuel with advanced injection timing with both versions of the engine. However, NOx emissions increased with LHR engine.
The efficacy of various fungicides against tomato Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici)
Authors: Dholu Dipen , Shete Poonam P. , Kasal Yuvraj G. , Dhaval Pansuriya
Published: January 2023

The tomato is one of the most popular vegetables farmed worldwide. One of the most harmful tomato disease is Fusarium wilt, which is a disease that the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici causes. Disease causes about 30% to 40% losses in yield. The poisoned food technique was used to assess the fungitoxic activity of the fungicides Blitox 50, Aliette, Roko, Amistar, Avtar, and Cabrio Top at the plant pathology department of the college of agriculture at LPU, Punjab, throughout the years 2021-2022. Six different fungicides were tested in the lab at various concentrations such as 50, 100, and 150 ppm. Thiophanate Methyl (Roko) show the best result in laboratory. Same fungicides were checked at field. Among this fungicides Copper Oxychloride (Blitox 50) shows the best result in field condition.
Physico-chemical and bacteriological characteristics in of Tuikual river in Aizawl, Mizoram
Authors: Ngente Lalnunthari , Mishra B.P.
Published: January 2023

The Tuikual river flows through Aizawl, also known as Tuithum Lui, before connecting with the Tlawng river, Mizoram’s primary source of water supply. The study was carried out over a year, from October 2020 to September 2021, with samples collected at monthly intervals. The research area was divided into four sampling locations along the river, from upstream to downstream. Pollutants carried by the river include untreated municipal garbage, sewage discharges, and biomedical effluents. The upstream Site 1 sample, which contained biomedical effluents from Aizawl Civil Hospital (Mizoram’s largest hospital), and the downstream Site 2 sample, which contained biomedical effluents from Aizawl Civil Hospital and Ebenezer Hospital (Mizoram’s most popular state private hospital). The downstream Sites 3 (Khawhpawp) and 4 (Tuithum) are tourist attractions that eventually join the Tlawng river. Temperature, Dissolved Oxygen, Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Acidity, Sulphate and total coliform count are important water quality parameters that have been estimated for the study of the monthly variation of Tuikual river water quality. Except for DO, the monsoon (rainy) months had higher values in all of the studied parameters, which could be attributed to the flow of heavy rainwater, which carries a large amount of pollutants from the surroundings into the river body of water. Microsoft Excel was used for the statistical analysis of the correlation coefficient.
Activated Carbon Merremia emarginata (Acme) Adsorbs Hexavalent Chromium From Synthetic Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Kalpana K. , Arivoli  , Veeravelan K.
Published: January 2023

In this study, preparation of adsorbent from Merremia emarginata stem and its application for the adsorption of chromium (VI) from aqueous solution was studied. The batch adsorption experiments were carried out to study the effect of contact time, adsorbent dose, effect of pH and effect of other ionic concentration on the removal of chromium (VI) by activated carbon. The equilibrium adsorption data were analyzed by Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models. The thermodynamic parameters such as change in free energy (G°), enthalpy (H°) and entropy (S°) were determined. Kinetic modeling of the process of removal was carried out and the process of removal was found to follow a pseudo-second order model, Elovich model and Intraparticle diffusion model the value of rate constant for adsorption process was calculated. This study indicated that activated carbon Merremia emarginata, which is inexpensive, has efficiency to remove chromium (VI) from aqueous solution.
Review of Water Crisis and Managemental Scope in India
Authors: Sharma S. , Kanaujia A. , Banerjee S. , Malik S.
Published: January 2023

The Indian monsoon has shown sweeping changes over the last 20 years. The number of rainy days and the amount of rainfall has declined. Declining ground water levels and lack of adequate water resources to meet demands affects every state. The scarcity of water directly affects the food and energy crisis. The situation of water crisis has become even worse due to the gross neglect of the traditional water culture of India. Heavy water intensive crops such as paddy and sugarcane are cultivated in north-western parts of the country particularly in Punjab, Uttar Pradesh and Maharashtra. Owing to explosive population growth, the biggest impact is on groundwater in terms of its indiscriminate exploitation. Lack of awareness and poor infrastructure towards water conservation is the foremost driver behind the water wastage problem. The water bodies are vital for sustenance to Indian agriculture and have been playing important role in the overall management of water resources. Rainwater harvesting is considered an ideal solution to tackle water problems where there is inadequate groundwater supply or where surface resources are not sufficient. Designing and constructing a good rural rainwater storage system has become an urgent task for water resources revitalization. Ayurvet Research Foundation (ARF) since its inception has been working on “Water Conservation” Technologies and strongly advocate their adoption to address water crises.
Predatory Potential of Canthecona furcellata (Pentatomidae: Hemiptera) Against Key Defoliator Pests of Teak in Nursery and Chik Pea under Field Conditions
Authors: C. Mohan , G Pawankumar , Rao Rajeswar , Mishra Raj Kumar , Barve Shashikiran
Published: January 2023

Canthecona furcellata (Wolff.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is important biological control agents of many Lepidopteron, Coleopteran and Heteropteran insects. This predatory behavior of the species, this is a promising biological control agent for insect pests of agriculture and forest ecosystem. The nursery and field experiments were conducted to find out the predation potential of E. furcellata. The results revealed that maximum 93.66% predation was recorded on larvae of E. macheralis followed by 89.0 and 84.39% on larvae of H.puera and H. armigera respectively. Therefore, E. furcellata could be utilised effectively against E. machaeralis under field conditions, moreover, H. puera and H. armigera could be employed as laboratory hosts for mass rearing of E. furcellata.
Status of NPK in vermicompost prepared from diverse categories of organic waste material
Authors: Chandrakar M.R. , Pachlore G.S.
Published: January 2023

Vermicomposting is the process of conversion of degradable waste material to a useful compost. Diverse categories of organic waste were collected and categorized into Kitchen, Garden and agricultural (paddy) waste on the basis of their source and origin. The waste material was decomposed using earthworms Eisenia fetida. Temperature and moisture was regulated and after approximately 2 months the dark brownish black colored compost was ready. The total weight of vermicompost harvested at the end of the study was 3 kg approximately. The present study focuses on to the preparation of vermicompost using different wastes using earthworms Eisenia fetida and analyze and compared the level of macronutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Four sets of experimental tanks were used in this study. Each representing different waste material to be used as a raw material for composting. Each experimental tank contains half kilogram juvenile earthworms. In first set (A) of experiment the bedding was prepared by partially decomposed cow dung and soil. In second set (B) of experiment the bedding was of partially decomposed cow dung, soil with partially decomposed kitchen waste. The third set (C) of this bedding was of partially decomposed cow dung, soil with partially decomposed garden waste. In the fourth set (D) the bedding was of partially decomposed cow dung, soil and partially decomposed agriculture (Paddy) waste. All sets were mixed in 5:1:1 (wt/wt/wt) ratio. The pH of cow dung compost (control, A) was 8.0. pH of each compost are in range of 7.5 – 8.1. The percentage of Nitrogen (N) was found to be low in set A (Cow dung + soil) and Set D (agricultural/ paddy waste) while Nitrogen content was found to be high in Kitchen and Garden waste experimental set B and C respectively. There was no significant difference in the Phosphorus (P) content in compost A and D. While compost B and C have high phosphorus %. All compost showed significantly higher K contents than the cow dung compost (A), however the potassium (K) contents was found to be highest in compost A. When the NPK composition of all compost was compared NPK value is highest in vermicompost prepared from kitchen waste (Set B) and garden waste (Set C).
Parasitism of Meloidogyne incognita eggs by Native Fungi of Assam
Authors: Kurulkar Uday , Bhagawati Bhabesh
Published: January 2023

In the current investigation, four fungi viz., Paecilomyces niphetodes, Acremonium falciforme, Fusarium oxysporium, and F. solani were capable of parasitizing Meloidogyne incognita eggs. The high percentage of egg parasitism was recorded by P. niphetodes. Microscopic examinations showed that the hyphae of P. niphetode, A. falcifrome, F. oxysporum and F. solani were closely attached to the egg surface of the parasitized eggs, made perforations, penetrated, ramified, and completely fed upon the internal content of the eggs. The parasitization of the second stage juvenile that emerged from the eggs by P. niphetodes and A. falciforme was seen. Whereas, A. falcifrome, F. oxysporum, and F. solani established as dormant spores inside or outside of M. incognita eggs.
Comparison of Physico-chemical Properties of Soils under Different Forest Types in Dry Tropical Forest Ecosystem in Achanakmar-Amarkantak Biosphere Reserve, India
Authors: Darro Harischandra , Swamy S. L. , Kumar Rajesh , Bhardwaj Atul Kumar
Published: January 2023

The present study was conducted to assess the variations in physico-chemical properties of soils under four forest types viz. Mixed Forest, Mixed Sal Forest, Mixed Teak Forest, and Teak Mixed Forests in a typical dry tropical ecosystem of Achanakmar-Amarkantak Biosphere Reserve (AABR), Central India. Soil samples were collected from four types of forest and analyzed for the soil samples were taken at three soil depths, i.e. at 0-20 cm, 20-40cm and 40-60 cm and analysed for pH, EC, Organic C, soil moisture, bulk density, nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P) and potassium (K). The pH of soil was lower (5.43) under Mixed Forest and higher (6.13) in Teak Mixed Forest, while EC in soil was lower (0.04 dS m-1) in Mixed Sal Forest and higher (0.32 dS m-1) under Teak Mixed Forest. Organic C varied from 11.5 Mg ha-1 to 17.8 Mg ha-1 at 0-20 cm soil depth which was highest in soil under Mixed Sal Forest and lowest in Teak Mixed Forest. The Organic C and EC values were decreased with an increase in soil depth, while the bulk density showed reverse trend. Soil nutrients in different depths varied between 160.2 -196.9 kg ha-1, 10.4-17.7 kg ha-1 and 266.4-439.1 kg ha-1 for N, P and K, respectively. The nutrient quantities in soil were higher in Mixed Sal Forest and lower under Teak Mixed Forest, which decreased with soil depth. The paper discusses the possible variations in soil properties in relation to structure and composition of forest type and suggests appropriate management practices for the sustainable development of forest soils in dry tropical ecosystem.
Rainfall distribution pattern for crop planning in Raichur region (Karnataka), India
Authors: G.V Vishwanath, , Venkataramana  , Prabhakaran N.
Published: January 2023

Rainfall during monsoon season and its variability governs the cropping system in the rainfed regions of Raichur. Daily rainfall data of one hundred fourteen years (1913-2020) have been analyzed for establishing the long term averages of monthly, seasonal and annual rainfall and its variability. The overall mean annual rainfall at Raichur region was 672.6 mm with average rainy days of 42 days, and distribution of 486.2 mm, 124.5 mm, 55.9 mm and 6.0 mm in monsoon, post monsoon, summer and winter respectively. The coefficient of variation of 29.8 indicated that rainfall was more or less stable over the years. Monthly rainfall had unimodel peak, September receives maximum mean rainfall of 148.1 mm followed by August (124.8 mm). Within the rainy season, September was the highest rainfall contributing month (22 per cent) followed by August (18.6 per cent). There is an ample scope for rain water harvesting from July to September which can be utilized as crop saving irrigation as well as pre sowing irrigation for succeeding Rabi crops which are generally sown on residual soil moisture. The study also revealed that the rainfall and rainy days during monsoon season ranged from 157.8 to 813.7 mm and 21 to 66 days respectively. According to ‘Nakshatras’, the traditional system of rainfall distribution for agriculture, revealed that the period from Punarvasu to Chitta received good amount of rainfall during which crops like groundnut, sunflower, maize, Bajra and pulses like greengram, pigeon pea and chick pea can be taken up.
Lithium-ion Mining and its Possible Impact In India: An Enviro-legal Analysis
Authors: Dixit Abhishek , Singh Poornima
Published: January 2023

Currently the biggest use of lithium is in the production of Lithium-ion batteries, which allow for competitive electric cars to enter the market, which otherwise would remain monopolised by the Petroleum auto-mobiles. In addition, the Li-ion batteries are used in electronics, for wind energy, as well as to store other forms of energy. The substitute to li-ion is however, not as good. Lithium batteries are more high density, and thus, can store more energy at a time; they can be recharged thousands of times, which in turn reduces e-waste; and the other forms of batteries are not as cost effective, and with as enhanced performances. And therefore, in this regard, it can be stated that at least at the present times, li-ion batteries are not only being used because they cost less, but rather, also because they have several added advantages, including the reduction of e-waste, which is considered as an environmental hazard in itself.
Socio-cultural Status of Dairy Farmers of Nepalese Community of Guwahati Metropolitan area of Assam, India
Authors: Sarma Hemen , Borah Jnanashree , Sarma Tirthankar
Published: January 2023

Commercial dairy farming in Assam had begun during the British period. After establishing a bond with Nepal through signing the treaty of Segowali in 1816, the British Government encouraged the migration of Gorkhas from Nepal with their families permanently to Assam, and some other parts of India. After the Yandaboo treaty in 1826 the Gorkha army men along with the British reached Burma and the kinsman of the gorkha soldiers accompanied them were offered to rear buffaloes there as sundry activities (Upadhaya, 2017). The Nepalese thereafter have been continuing the said activities as prime business in different parts of Assam. To perform any activity, profit is a major economic factor which is directly linked with the social transformation and economic change. The profit of the dairy farmers is directly linked with some factors such as investment pattern, supply of milk, engagement of labour and cost of feeds, etc. Like the other dairy farmers, the dairy farmers basically the Gorkhas or the Nepalese of the Guwahati Metropolitan Area are also mainly dependent for their livelihood on the profitability of milk production and this profitability directly influences the economic and social status of the dairy farmers living in this area.
Influence of injection pressure and injection timing on pollution levels of insulated diesel engine fuelled with CNG and cotton seed biodiesel
Authors: Janardhan N. , Krishna M.V.S. Murali
Published: January 2023

In the context of fast depletion of fossil fuels, increase of pollution levels with fossils and increase of economic burden due to increase of import cost of crude petroleum, the search for alternative fuels has become pertinent. The most common alternative fuels for CI engine are vegetable oils, biodiesel and alcohols. Gaseous fuels have many advantages than liquid fuels, as the pollutants emitted by gaseous fuels are low, calorific value of the gases is very high and running and maintenance cost is low. The drawbacks associated with vegetable oils such as high viscosity and low volatility can be rectified to some extend by converting them into biodiesel. How they (biodiesel) cause combustion problems in diesel engine and hence call for low heat rejection (LHR) engine, which can burn low calorific value fuel, give high heat release rate and faster rate of combustion. Investigations were carried out with CNG as primary fuel inducted by port injection and cottonseed biodiesel blended with 15% of diethyl ether (DEE) was injected into the engine in conventional manner with LHR engine consisted of ceramic coated cylinder head. The purpose of DEE was to improve cetane (a measure of combustion quality in diesel engine) and to reduce viscosity of the cotton seed biodiesel. Particulate matter (PM), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), carbon mono oxide (CO) levels and un-burnt hydro carbons (UBHC) are the exhaust emissions from a diesel engine. They cause health hazards, once they are inhaled in. They also cause environmental effects like Green-house effect, acid raining, Global Warming etc,. Hence control of these emissions is an immediate effect and an urgent step. The pollutants of PM, NOx, CO and UBHC were determined at full load operation of the engine and compared with diesel operation on conventional engine. The maximum induction of CNG was 35% of total mass of biodiesel, with CE, while it was 45% with LHR engine at full load operation. Particulate emissions were determined by AVL Smoke meter, while other emissions were measured by Netel Chromatograph multi-gas analyzer at full load operation. The optimum injection timing with cottonseed biodiesel was 31obTDC (before top dead centre), with CE, while it was 28obTDC with LHR engine. These pollutants were drastically reduced with induction of CNG and further reduced with the provision of LHR engine. They were further reduced with advanced injection timing and increase of injection pressure.
Analysis of Yield Components on Seed Yield in F4 Families of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Longkho Khonang , Kole P.C.
Published: January 2023

The experiment was conducted in a population comprising 30 F4 families of rice (Oryza sativa L.) derived from 15 different crosses. The effects of 10 yield components viz., plant height, panicle length, flag leaf area, panicle number, number of primary and secondary branches panicle-1, spikelet number panicle-1, spikelet ferilty per cent, 100-grain weight, grain yield panicle-1 on grain yield plant-1 were studied. Association studies indicated that correlations of grain yield with primary branches panicle-1, secondary branches panicle-1, number of spikelet and grain yield panicle-1 were positive and significant at both genotypic and phenotypic levels. Path analyses at both genotypic and phenotypic revealed that the direct selection for primary branches panicle-1 and secondary branches panicle-1 with restricted selection for number of panicles, length for panicle and 100-grain weight will increase the yield of rice in the population under study comprising F4 families of rice.
Annual Intercrops: An Alternative Pathway for Sustainable Horticultural Production
Authors: Kumari Anop , Choudhary Mahesh
Published: January 2023

The greatest challenge to the agriculture in the years to come is to provide sufficient food to growing population in order to fight with hunger and malnutrition. We will have to feed more people with limited water resources, frequent droughts, degrading lands and difficult access to energy. Past strategy for development of the agricultural sector in India has focused primarily on raising agricultural output and improving food security. The Doubling Famer’s Income (DFI) strategy as recommended by the Committee include seven sources of income growth viz., improvement in crop productivity, increase in the cropping intensity, enhancement in livestock productivity, resource use efficiency, diversification towards high value crops, improvement in real prices received by farmers and shift from farm to non-farm occupations. Intercropping ensures efficient resource and space utilization including upgrading of soil and orchard nutrient status. So, intercropping has been employed with the main objective of proper utilization of resources under subsistence farming where the production of sufficient food grain is a great challenge. The outcomes of various intercropping practices confirm that vegetable and pulses crops are economically and ecologically most suitable and viable intercrops for fruit crops at early phase of growth. Once bearing starts, there is need of management of cultural practices adapted for intercrops with the requirements of fruit trees. So that productivity of fruit plants will not be decreased.
Soil Hydraulic and Strength Parameters as influenced by various Mechanized Rainwater Conservation Practices in Rainfed Groundnut Crop
Authors: Nalabolu Kishore , M Praveen , P Rajasekhar , C Pallavi , A Sruthi Vani
Published: January 2023

In India, rain fed agriculture constitutes to 60% of the net cultivated area and accounts for nearly 44% of the National food basket. 54.6% of the total workforce is engaged in agricultural and allied sector activities (Census, 2011) and accounts for 17.8% of the country’s Gross Value Added (GVA) for the year 2019-20. Rain Water Harvesting (RWH) is a low-cost, easy-to-use, environmentally friendly way to recover a large part of this lost water. In India, the rainfed agriculture constitutes 60% of the total net sown area and Andhra Pradesh constitutes nearly 57% net sown area under rainfed agriculture. Groundnut (Arachis hypogea) occupies nearly 28.3% of the cultivated area under oil seed crops in India and the area under groundnut in the Country is 5.40 Mha with a total production of 6.57 Million Tonnes (MT) and with the productivity of 910 kg ha-1. The area of groundnut crop in Andhra Pradesh is 7.47 Lakh ha whereas Ananthapuramu District occupied 6.71 Lakh ha. The study was carried out under different surface and subsurface rainwater conservation practices with the objective to study the soil hydraulic and strength parameters viz., soil moisture content in frequent intervals at 10 cm, 20 cm, 30 cm depth and bulk density, particle density and porosity at 20 cm depth. From the study, it was observed that, highest soil moisture content was observed in subsoiling at 1 m distance + broad bed and furrow system treatment at three different soil sampling depths of 10 cm, 20 cm and 30 cm as 25.40%, 31.20% and 27.50%, respectively at 40 Days After Sowing (DAS) and 29.74%, 34.71% and 22.38%, respectively at 80 Days After Sowing (DAS). The lowest bulk density and highest soil porosity were observed as 1.52 g cm-3 and 32.7% in subsoiling at 1 m distance + broad bed and furrow treatment than other practices.
Effect of Nano Fertilizers and Various Nutrient Sources on Growth Parameters of Maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Ladage Veetarag , Neha Nikita , Roy Sindhu Shikha , Kharad Srivatsa , Dhote Saurabh
Published: January 2023

A field investigation was carried out during kharif season at Crop Research Centre-1, School of Agriculture, ITM University to study the effects of nano fertilizers and various nutrient sources on the growth and growth parameters of maize. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with three replications. The experiment consists of twelve treatments viz., T1- Control, T2 - 100 % RDF through chemical fertilizer (120:60:30 NPK kg ha-1), T3 - 100 % RDF through chemical fertilizer + nano fertilizer @ 1 g l-1 of water, T4 -100 % RDF through chemical fertilizer + nano fertilizer @ 1.5 g l-1 of water, T5- 100 % RDF through chemical fertilizer + nano fertilizer @ 2 g l-1 of water, T6 - 100 % RDF through chemical fertilizer + nano fertilizer @ 2.5 g l-1 of water, T7-125 % RDF through chemical fertilizer, T8- 75% chemical fertilizer + 25% vermicompost, T9- 75% chemical fertilizer + 25% vermicompost + nano fertilizer @ 1 g l-1 of water, T10 - 75% chemical fertilizer + 25% vermicompost + nano fertilizer @ 1.5 g l-1 of water, T11- 75% chemical fertilizer + 25% vermicompost + nano fertilizer @ 2 g l-1 of water, T12 - 75% chemical fertilizer + 25% vermicompost + nano fertilizer @ 2.5 g l-1 of water. The results of the experiment revealed that application 75% chemical fertilizer + 25% vermicompost + nano fertilizer @ 1g l-1 of water significantly influenced the growth attributes. This treatment recorded higher values of growth parameters like plant height of green leaves, leaf area per plant, dry matter accumulation, Leaf area index, Crop growth rate, and Relative growth rate The lowest values were recorded in the control.
Removal of Methylene blue Dye from water through Photocatalytic Activity Using Polymer-Metal Oxide Nanocomposites – a Comparative Study
Authors: Pradeeba S.J. , Sivakumar K. , Jeyagowri B. , Nirmaladevi V. , Vidhya L.
Published: January 2023

The dye-containing effluent from the textile, paper, and food sectors is brightly coloured and has extremely negative impacts on living creatures. Dye degradation into a non-toxic state is useful for reducing water pollution. A variety of treatment strategies have been used to maximize dye deterioration process. Furthermore, because of its small size and high reactive nature, nanocomposites have attracted a lot of interest in the elimination of harmful dye pollution. In this present research work Methylene blue dye was selected for photocatalytic degradation using synthesized photocatalysts. In the presence of synthetic photocatalysts, we irradiated an aqueous solution of methylene blue dye with sunlight and UV radiation. This study compares photocatalytic methylene blue degradation in the presence of Poly (aniline-Co-Oaminophenol)/ ZnO nanocomposite and Polyazomethine/ZnO nanocomposites. The outcomes showed that Poly (aniline-Co-O-aminophenol)/ZnO nanocomposite has a higher photocatalytic productivity than Polyazomethine/ZnO nanocomposites.
Rainfall analysis over Kalyana Karnataka districts for resource planning in agriculture
Authors: G.V Vishwanath, , Venkataramana  , Prabhakaran N.
Published: January 2023

The study has been made to analyze the rainfall of six districts of Kalyana Karnataka by utilizing the past 50 years (1971-2020) rainfall data. The rainfall data was critically examined and analyzed statistically for annual and seasonal values followed by computation of trend analysis of annual rainfall. The results revealed that, the highest mean annual rainfall was recorded at Bidar (917.8 mm) followed by Yadgir (877.8 mm) and the lowest at Ballari (559.8 mm). The CV varied between 24.0% (Bidar) to 32.6% (Yadgir). From the skewness analysis it was observed that, skewness varied from 0.3 (Bidar and Koppal) to 0.7 (Yadgir and Raichur). The Yadgir district showed zero Kurtosis and the remaining districts were found to be negatively Kurtosis and it varied from -0.1 to -0.6. The Raichur district showed 0.6 positively Kurtosis. From regression analysis, it was found that, the slopes of regression line of annual rainfall are positive at Bidar, Raichur and Koppal. This shows that these districts have increasing annual rainfall trend. However, since the correlation coefficient value (R2) is too low, the increasing trend is not significant. The remaining stations (Kalaburgi, Yadgir and Ballari) showed negative slope of regression line. This indicates these stations have decreasing trend of annual rainfall. The mean monsoon season rainfall varied between 315.3 mm (Ballari) to 705.8 mm (Bidar) and the CV was found to be more than 30% in all the districts which indicate highly erratic rainfall and the rainfall is not much dependable around the mean rainfall. The skewness analysis revealed that, all the stations showed positive skewness and it varied between 0.3 (Raichur and Koppal) to 0.9 (Yadgir).
Association analysis and evaluation of sources for resistance to phyllody and foliar diseases in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)
Authors: Divya K. , Babu T. Kiran , Rani T. Shobha , Padmaja D.
Published: January 2023

In the present investigation, a set of advanced mutant and breeding lines (133) including checks from different geographical regions were evaluated against phyllody and Alternaria leaf spot during kharif, 2017 and against powdery mildew during summer, 2018 under natural epiphytotic field conditions. Among the entries, two genotypes (LW-2 and SDSN-15-98) were found to be promising for phyllody during kharif, 2017 whereas, the genotype LW-2 was also found to be moderately resistant against powdery mildew during summer, 2018. None of the genotypes were promising against Alternaria leaf spot. The association of agronomic traits namely plant height, thousand seed weight, number of branches/plant, number of capsules/ plant was correlated negatively significant with diseases. The genotype LW-2 identified promising against phyllody and powdery mildew will be useful in hybridization programme as donor parent for development of multiple disease resistant sesame varieties.
Beach litter survey of selected beaches of coromondel coast of Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Palani Hemasankari , Prema D. , Kaladaran P. , Vasanthkripa  , Vijayakumaran K. , Kuma R. Narayana
Published: January 2023

The beach litter survey of the selected beaches of Tamilnadu viz. Marina, (lat 13°055’N and long 80°28’E), Besant nagar (lat 12°99’N, long 80°27E) and Thiruvanmiyur (lat 12°97’N and long 80°26´E) were done in the year 2014. Beach litter survey was done mainly to quantify as well as to know the distribution pattern of different types of litter in all the selected beaches surveyed. The different types of litters surveyed in the year 2014 from Jan-Dec includes nylon/ HDP ropes/fishnet pieces (A), plastics covers, sachets, containers of creams, oil, ointments(B), chappals, foot wear (other than leather items)(C), glass bottles, electric bulbs, CFL bulbs (source of Hg) (D), waste (TV, Computer hard- wares, mobile phone handsets charges)(E) and Thermo col, PUF insulators of AC/Fridge, Styrofoam, etc. (F). Among the total litter distribution item C, chappals, footwear (other than leather items) is the highest (4000g/m2) followed by item B, plastics covers, sachets containers of creams, ointments, oil, (2525 g/m2), item F, thermocol, PUF insulators of AC/Fridge, stryrofoam, (1310g/m2), item D, glass bottles, electric bulbs, CFL bulbs (sources of Hg), (1125g/m2) and item A, nylon, HDP ropes and fishnet pieces, 1075 g/m2. In Marina Beach, in post monsoon season (Jan’14 to Mar’14) the item C is more than in A followed by B,D,F and E in summer season(Apr’14 to June’14) the litter distribution is more in C followed by F, B, D, A & E. In pre monsoon season (July’14 to Sep’14) the item B is more followed by C, F, A, D and E in monsoon season, (Oct’ 14 to Dec’14) the item B is followed by F,C, A, E and D. In Besant nagar beach in post monsoon season, (Jan’14 to Mar’14) the item C is more followed by D, A, B, F and E in summer season (April’ 14 to June’14) the item C is more followed by B,F,A,D and E in pre monsoon season, the item B is more followed by C,F,A,D and E in monsoon season, the item F is followed by B, A, C, D and E. In Thiruvanmiyur beach in post monsoon season(Jan’14 to Mar’14) the item C is more followed by B, A, F, D and E, in summer season, (Apr’14 to June’ 14) the item B is more followed by C,F,A,D and E in pre monsoon season, (July’14 to Sep’14) the item B is more followed by F,A,D,C and E in monsoon season, (Oct’14 to Dec’14) the item D is more followed by B,C,F, A and E. In marina beach, the PCA analysis of the beach litter for 12 consecutive months showed that the 2 components extracted had a variance of 49.02% with an eigen value of 2.45 and 25.63%, cumulative variance of 74.65% with an eigen value of 1.28. In Besant nagar beach, the PCA analysis showed that the 2 components extracted had a variance of 43.51% with an eigen value of 2.18 and 32.73% with an eigen value of 1.64 and the cumulative variance of 76.23%. In Thiruvanmiyur beach, the 2 PCA components extracted had a variance of 55.51% with an eigen value of 2.78 and 30.58% with an eigen value of 1.53 and the cumulative variance of 86.09%.
In – vitro Evaluation of Some Common Ethnobotanicals to Control the Leaf Spot and Flower blight of Marigold
Authors: Satapathy Rakesh Roshan , Sahoo Kartik Chandra
Published: January 2023

In tropical and subtropical climes, Alternaria zinnia causes leaf spot and blossom blight in marigolds, resulting in yield reductions of 50-60%. Chemical controls can be harmful to ecosystems, and agronomic control methods are difficult to implement. The goal of this study was to examine the efficacy of a variety of botanicals that are easily available in in-vitro situations. Eight plants extracts, including Aloe vera, Azadirachta indica, Allium sativum, Zingiber officinale, Curcuma longa, Phyllanthus emblica, Withania somnifera, and Ocimum tenuiflorum, were evaluated against the pathogen at 10% and 20% concentrations. Allium sativum suppressed mycelial growth the greatest at a 10% concentration, with 80.28 percent, followed by Phyllanthus emblica (64.32 percent), and Curcuma longa (64.32 percent) (54.93 percent). Ocimum tenuiflorum, with a 2.35 percent inhibition, was the least inhibited plant. The results at a concentration of 20% followed the same pattern as the results at a concentration of 15%. The highest level of inhibition was found in Allium sativum (88.26 percent), followed by Phyllanthus emblica (86.85 percent), and Curcuma longa (86.85 percent) (74.65 percent). With 11.74 percent inhibition, Ocimum tenuiflorum was the least inhibited. Although more research is needed, the presence of Allicin in Allium sativum may explain its effectiveness against marigold flower disease. Additionally, the efficacy of phytoextracts against marigold flower blight might be assessed in the field.
Ethno medicinal plant wealth of Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh: Application of traditional knowledge in health care system
Authors: Kumar Yogendra , Singh A. K.
Published: January 2023

A floristic survey of ethnomedicinal plants occurring in the rural area of Saharanpur district, Uttar Pradesh, India was conducted during 2020-2021 to document important flora and information from local community about their medicinal uses. The indigenous knowledge of local traditional uses was collected through open interviews and group discussions with local people of study area during The field trips. The local inhabitants mostly depend upon their indigenous knowledge to treat their various health problems. People collect useful plants from their surrounding plant communities in wild, semi-wild and some are cultivated as well. A total of 83 plant species were collected, of which 56 plants of medicinal importance were documented along with botanical name, local name, family, habit, parts used and utilization as herbal remedies. These 56 plant species belongs to 44 genera and 28 families. The main objective of the study was to explore traditional knowledge regarding uses of these plants for various medicinal purposes by the rural people of this area from time immemorial. It is evident from The present investigation that the most widely used plant part was leaves, followed by root, seed, whole plant, fruit, bark, stem, wood and flower. These plants are widely used to treat various ailments such as diabetes, rheumatism, dysentery, fever, urinary infection, asthma, paralysis, elephantiasis, kidney stones, snake bite, tuberculosis, leprosy, syphilis, leucorrhoea, eye infection and skin disorders by the local people of the study area.
The strategy of Small-scale fisheries management in Cilacap Regency Waters
Authors: Adiyanto F. , Fitri A.D.P. , Ghofar A.
Published: January 2023

Management of small-scale fisheries resources is more likely to be oriented towards economic growth by overexploiting fishery resources without paying attention to sustainability aspects. The number of smallscale fishing fleets tends to increase, resulting in over-exploitation in coastal areas. The purpose of this study is to develop alternative strategies for small-scale capture fisheries management in Cilacap Regency. Collecting data using survey methods and interviews with key informants. Sampling was done by purposive sampling technique. Data were analyzed using the AWOT method, namely the SWOT method combined with AHP. The results showed that the IFAS matrix value is 3.17 (strength = 2.211 and weakness is 0.715) the total value of EFAS is 2.926 (opportunity = 2.211 and threat = 0.715). The choice of strategy is in quadrant IV (growth and constructive conditions). Strategic priorities that can be taken include, increase productivity with environmentally friendly fishing gear, optimize fishing facilities and infrastructure assistance, strengthen the role of fishermen’s organizations or groups, increase human resource capacity through training and empowerment programs for fishermen and capital assistance for fishing business development.
Los roles de género desde la danza clásica hasta las películas Disney
Authors: Monleón Oliva Vicente , Guerrero Rivas Inmaculada
Published: January 2023

La existencia de diferenciación social debido a una construcción histórica y sesgada de roles de género y de estereotipos sexuales es una realidad que merma cualquier intento de progreso y de cambio feminista. De hecho, los productos culturales de épocas anteriores son ejemplos significativos de recursos para construir, difundir y perdurar dicha separación entre hombres y mujeres. En un contexto actual, se cuenta con otros recursos como la cultura visual de animación de la productora Disney. Por ello, partiendo de un paradigma socio-crítico y de un posicionamiento feminista y de la teoría queer se pretende visibilizar los discursos visuales que ambos elementos culturales perduran y que son caracterizados como machistas. Todo ello, por medio de la metodología artística ARTografía. Por un lado, se observan evidencias, respecto a la danza clásica que nos permiten afirmar cómo a través de su evolución, se impone una hegemonía patriarcal y masculina en las diferentes relaciones de poder que se establecen en los argumentos de las obras. Por otro lado, respecto a las producciones Disney, se advierte que en la mayoría de estas hay una perduración de los roles de género que conlleva una diferenciación entre hombre y mujeres; volviendo inferiores a las segundas versus los primeros. Se finaliza concluyendo la perduración de roles de género y estereotipos sexuales en las producciones de danza clásica que son una referencia para las secuencias de baile que aparecen en filmes de animación como los de la productora Disney y que perduran una sociedad machista y diferenciada.