bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Legal protection for Provider in Peer to Peer Lending: an Example from Indonesian Regulation
Authors: Hariyana Trinas Dewi
Published: November 2019

The Financial Technology peer to peer (P2P) lending concept still finds many weaknesses, especially in terms of legal protection for parties and risk management from Fintech itself. P2P Lending Regulation in Indonesia currently uses POJK No. 77 / POJK / 2016 concerning technology-based money lending and borrowing services. The position of Fintech P2P lending is similar to a bank, but the concept is a different agreement. Fintech P2P lending funds can come from investors or funders or cooperate with legal entities or banks. Considering that the risk posed by Fintech P2P lending is very large, Fintech must also implement consumer protection, risk management and prudential principles like a bank credit agreement so as to cover the risk of bad credit, the Fintech platform uses other means to protect funds from investors or investors. the other is with the protection fund as done by the Coin works platform. The protection fund does not cover the entire fund invested by the funder, depending on the availability of protection funds and the amount of credit that is experiencing congestion. The POJK regulation in article 19 describes the agreement clause which must contain the dispute resolution mechanism and the settlement mechanism if the implementation of lending and borrowing services is not able to continue operations, so that with the rules related to the clause it is expected that the funder will still get legal certainty and protection for funds.
The Role of Prices, Locations, and Promotions on Smartphone Purchase Decisions in Electronics Shop in Indonesia: a Lesson from Sidoarjo
Authors: Devi Shinta , Harjatno Slamet
Published: November 2019

This study aims to determine the effect of price, location and promotion simultaneously and partially to the decision to purchase a smartphone in JH Phone Sidoarjo and to find out the most influential variables on purchasing decision. Hypothesis testing using simultaneous test (F test) and partial test (t test) by using program SPSS version 18.0.The results of research based on Validity Test showed that all research instruments is valid because it has a value of r arithmetic > r table. Based on hypothesis test result showed that the price, location and promotion simultaneously have a significant effect on the decision of purchasing a smartphone in JH Phone Sidoarjo. Hypothesis test results also showed that the price, location and promotion partially have a significant effect on the decision to purchase a smartphone in JH Phone Sidoarjo.
A Critical Review of Legal Protection Against E-Money Users in Indonesia
Authors: Virdaus Saivol , Munif Nasrulloh Ali
Published: November 2019

Protection of e-money users must be done based on the increasingly advanced science and technology. The formulation of the problems in this study are: (1) What is the legal provision regarding e-money as a means of payment in commercial transactions in Indonesia? (2) What is the legal protection of e-money users in conducting commercial transactions in Indonesia? The formulation of the problem was studied in depth using the normative juridical approach. The results of this study are: First, e-money is regulated in Bank Indonesia Regulation Number 10/8 / PBI / 2008 concerning Amendments to Bank Indonesia Regulation Number 7/52 / PBI / 2008 concerning the implementation of Card-Based Payment Instrument Activities. Bank Indonesia Regulation Number 16/8 / PBI / 2014 concerning Amendments to Bank Indonesia Regulation Number 11/12 / PBI / 2009 concerning Electronic Money (Electronic Money). E-money issuers as regulated in Article 1 paragraph (1) of Bank Indonesia Regulation Number 16/8 / PBI / 2014 are Banks and Non-Bank Institutions incorporated in the form of Limited Liability Companies (PT). While the legal status / relationship between the holders of electronic money with the issuer of e-money money is based on the contract of sale and purchase, which has been regulated in Article 1457 of the Civil Code. Second, legal protection for e-money users can be done in two ways, namely: Preventive Legal Protection and Repressive Legal Protection
Promote Upgrade After-Sales Service Strategic Skills
Authors: Kholmamatov Diyor
Published: November 2019

The article describes the importance of after-sales service in the field of wholesale marketing, the role in improving the competitiveness of goods in the wholesale trade in goods. There are opinions on the strategic directions of development of after-sales service in the wholesale trade. In conclusion, major points of the development have seen on the promotion of the after sales services and strategic skills.
Injustice during Night Work for Female Employees: A Lesson from Samarinda, Indonesia
Authors: Pratama Rio Arif , Prasetyo Bayu , Mubarok Asnawi , Muslim Ikhwanul
Published: November 2019

Night working rules are legal provisions that give rights to female workers who work from 23:00 p.m.to 07:00 a.m.provided by employers. Night working rules for women have certain characteristics of potential hazards which are different from other profession. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of night working rules for female workers in Samarinda City. The specific target to be achieved in this study is to identify company that employs female workers from 23:00 p.m. to 07:00 a.m. and to review the role of labor inspectors in enforcing night working rules for female workers in Samarinda City. The method of this study is empirical legal research method which is analyzed qualitatively. The results of the study will be described analytically. The results of this study found that there were many violations of the night working rules, besides that female workers did not know what rights they should have gotten from their employers. The role of labor inspectors is still ineffective, even in some places there were some companies which night working rules had not been supervised by labor inspector. The implications of this research will be submitted to the Department of Manpower and Transmigration of East Kalimantan Province as a contribution of research information on the effectiveness of night working rules for female workers in Samarinda City.
Deposit Base of Commercial Banks of Uzbekistan: Modern Status and Ways to Strengthen
Authors: Ibrohimovich Juraev Isroil
Published: November 2019

The article analyzes the current state of deposit operations of commercial banks in our country and examines the level of maturity of deposit operations before reaching the conclusion and providing recommendations on strengthening deposit base.
Certificates of Ownership without Warkah in Indonesia
Authors: Prasetyo Bayu , Muslim Ikhwanul , Pratama Rio Arif
Published: November 2019

From the results of the study it can be seen that the issuance of certificate of ownership rights No. 317, 318, 320, 321, 322, 339, 340, 341 in Balikpapan City, eight of which certificates have no heritage and do not have strong legal force to the owners. Indonesia adheres to a negative publication system, but there is still an opportunity to file a lawasuit to the Court, meaning that the certificate of land rights is the strongest but not absolute. Then a certificate without a license does not have strong legal force if a claim is filed to the Court, while the efforts to submit a request for cancellation of the no-rights ownership certificate is by submitting a written request to the Balikpapan City Land Office and attaching copy of identity photocopy of certificate, photocopy of court decision, execution report and other documents related to cancellation. The court ruling was based on the Balikpapan City Land Office to issue a decision to cancel the certificate, in accordance with the ruling which had obtained permanent legal force.
Improving selectivity of DNA-RNA binding zinc finger using directed evolution
Authors: Sulej Agata Agnieszka
Published: November 2019

Objective
Type C2H2 zinc fingers bind a variety of substrates, specific sequences in the double-stranded DNA counting among them. Engineering efforts led to the discovery of a set of general rules that enable obtaining zinc fingers modules that bind to almost any given sequence. The objective of this work was to determine an analogical set of rules for the binding of specific sequences in DNA-RNA hybrids using directed evolution of ZfQQR zinc finger. The target regions for evolution included the amino acid residues that directly interact with the substrate and linkers between the zinc finger modules.
Results
The directed evolution was performed using selection based on biopanning of phage-displayed libraries of randomized regions in the ZfQQR zinc finger. The applied strategy of randomization of the middle module of the zinc finger along with input library bias and materials used for biopanning hindered the selection of the modules with altered specificity. However, the directed evolution of the linker sequence between modules enabled selection of variants with improved selectivity towards DNA-RNA hybrids in the presence of double-stranded DNA in comparison to the original ZfQQR. This confirms the necessity of linker optimization between modules in zinc finger domains.
Urinary proteome of dogs with kidney injury during babesiosis
Authors: Winiarczyk Dagmara , Michalak Katarzyna , Adaszek Łukasz , Winiarczyk Mateusz , Winiarczyk Stanisław
Published: November 2019

Background
Acute kidney injury is the most frequent complication of babesiosis in dogs and may provide a natural model for identifying early and specific markers of kidney injury in this species. There are limited data on urine proteomics in dogs, and none of the effect of babesiosis on the urine proteome. This study aimed to identify urinary proteins of dogs with kidney injury during the natural course of babesiosis caused by Babesia canis, and to compare them with proteins in a control group to reveal any potential biomarkers predicting renal injury before the presence of azotemia.
Urine samples were collected from 10 dogs of various breeds and sex with naturally occurring babesiosis, and 10 healthy dogs. Pooled urine samples from both groups were separated by 2D (two-dimensional) electrophoresis, followed by protein identification using MALDI-TOF (matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight) mass spectrometry.
Results
In total, 176 proteins were identified in the urine samples from healthy dogs, and 403 proteins were identified in the urine samples from dogs with babesiosis. Of the 176 proteins, 146 were assigned exclusively to healthy dogs, and 373 of the 403 proteins were assigned exclusively to dogs with babesiosis; 30 proteins were common for both groups. Characteristic analysis of 373 proteins found in dogs with babesiosis led to the isolation of 8 proteins associated with 10 metabolic pathways involved in immune and inflammatory responses.
Conclusions
It was hypothesized that epithelial-mesenchymal transition might play an important role in the mechanisms underlying pathological changes in renal tissue during babesiosis, as indicated by a causal relationship network built by combining 5 of the 10 selected metabolic pathways, and 4 of the 8 proteins associated with these pathways; this network included cadherins, gonadotropin releasing hormone receptors, inflammatory responses mediated by chemokine and cytokine signalling pathways, integrins, interleukins, and TGF-β (transforming growth factor β) pathways. Those pathways were linked by interleukin-13, bone morphogenetic protein 7, α2(1) collagen, and tyrosine protein kinase Fer, which are potential biomarkers of damage during babesiosis in dogs, that might indicate early renal injury.

Keywords: Acute kidney injury, Babesiosis, Dog, Proteomics, Urine
Evaluation of the Influenza Sentinel Surveillance System in the Democratic Republic of Congo, 2012-2015
Authors: Babakazo Pelagie Diambalula , Kabamba-Tshilobo Joelle , Wemakoy Emile Okitolonda , Lubula Léopold , Manya Léonie Kitoko , Ilunga Benoit Kebela , Disasuani Wally , Nkwembe Edith , Kavunga-Membo Hugo , Changachanga Jean-Claude , Muhemedi Saleh , Tamfum Jean-Jacques Muyembe , Tempia Stefano
Published: November 2019

Background The World Health Organization recommends periodic evaluations of influenza surveillance systems to identify areas for improvement and provide evidence of data reliability for policymaking. However, data about the performance of established influenza surveillance systems are limited in Africa, including in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Methods We used the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines to evaluate the performance of the influenza sentinel surveillance system (ISSS) in DRC during 2012-2015. The performance of the system was evaluated using eight surveillance attributes: (i) data quality and completeness for key variables, (ii) timeliness, (iii) representativeness, (iv) flexibility, (v) simplicity, (vi) acceptability, (vii) stability and (viii) utility. For each attribute, specific indicators were developed and described using quantitative and qualitative methods. Scores for each indicator were as follows: <60% weak performance; 60-79% moderate performance; ≥80% good performance. Results During 2012-2015, we enrolled and tested 4,339 patients with influenza-like illness (ILI) and 2,869 patients with severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) from 11 sentinel sites situated in 5 of 11 provinces. Influenza viruses were detected in 446 (10.3%) samples from patients with ILI and in 151 (5.5%) samples from patients with SARI with higher detection during December-May. Data quality and completeness was >90% for all evaluated indicators. Other strengths of the system were timeliness, simplicity, stability and utility that scored >70% each. Representativeness, flexibility and acceptability had moderate performance. It was reported that the ISSS contributed to: (i) a better understanding of the epidemiology, circulating patterns and proportional contribution of influenza virus among patients with ILI or SARI; (ii) acquisition of new key competences related to influenza surveillance and diagnosis; and (iii) continuous education of surveillance staff and clinicians at sentinel sites about influenza. However, due to limited resources no actions were undertaken to mitigate the impact of seasonal influenza epidemics. Conclusions The system performed overall satisfactorily and provided reliable and timely data about influenza circulation in DRC. The simplicity of the system contributed to its stability. A better use of the available data could be made to inform and promote prevention interventions especially among the most vulnerable groups.
Pathogenic fungi-induced susceptibility is mitigated by mutual Lactobacillus plantarum in the Drosophila melanogaster model
Authors: Su Wanzhen , Liu Jialin , Bai Peng , Ma Baocang , Liu Wei
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
Since animals frequently encounter a variety of harmful fungi in nature, their ability to develop sophisticated anti-fungal strategies allows them to flourish across the globe. Extensive studies have highlighted the significant involvement of indigenous microbial communities in human health. However, the daunting diversity of mammalian microbiota and host genetic complexity are major obstacles to our understanding of these intricate links between microbiota components, host immune genotype, and disease phenotype. In this study, we sought to develop a bacterium-fungus-Drosophilamodel to systematically evaluate the anti-fungal effects of commensal bacteria.
Results
We isolated the pathogenic fungal strain, Diaporthe FY, which was detrimental to the survival and development of Drosophila upon infection. Using Drosophilaas a model system, Drosophila-associated Lactobacillus plantarumfunctioned as a probiotic, and protected the flies from mortality induced by Diaporthe FY. Our results show that L. plantarumhindered the growth of Diaporthe FYin vitro, and decreased the mortality rate of Diaporthe FY-infected flies in vivo, consequently mitigating the toxicity of Diaporthe FYto the hosts. Additionally, the presence of L. plantarumoverrode the avoidance of oviposition on Diaporthe FY-associated substrates.
Conclusions
Diaporthe FYwas identified as a potential Drosophilapathogen. Commensal L. plantarummitigated the susceptibility of Drosophilato pathogenic fungi, providing insight into the natural interplay between commensal and pathogenic microbial communities that contribute to animal health and pathogenesis.
Effect of low dose naloxone on the immune system function of a patient undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic resection of lung cancer with sufentanil controlled analgesia — a randomized controlled trial.
Authors: Yun Lin , Zhuang Miao , Yue Wu , Fangfang Ge , Qingping Wen
Published: November 2019

Background : Perioperative immune function plays an important role in the prognosis of patients. Several studies have indicated that low-dose opioid receptor blockers can improve immune function.
Methods: Sixty-nine patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic resection of the lung cancer were randomly assigned to either the naloxone group (n=35) or the non-naloxone group (n=34) for postoperative analgesia during the first 48 hours after the operation. Both groups received sufentanil and palonosetron via postoperative analgesia pump, while 0.05μg·kg -1 ·h -1 naloxone was added in naloxone group. The primary outcomes were the level of opioid growth factor （OGF） and immune function assessed by natural killer cells and CD4 + /CD8 + T-cell ratio. Second outcomes were assessed by the intensity of postoperative pain, postoperative rescue analgesia dose, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV).
Results: The level of OGF in the naloxone group increased significantly at 24 hours ( p ＜0.001) and 48 hours after the operation ( P <0.01). The natural killer cells ( P <0.05) and CD4 + /CD8 + T-cell ratio ( P <0.01) in the naloxone group increased significantly at 48 hours after the operation. The rest VAS scores were better with naloxone at 12 and 24 hours after operation（ P <0.05）, and the coughing VAS scores were better with naloxone at 48 hours after the operation（ P <0.05). The consumption of postoperative rescue analgesics in the naloxone group was lower (0.00（0.00-0.00）vs 25.00（0.00-62.50））， P <0.05). Postoperative nausea scores at 24 hours after operation decreased in naloxone group（0.00 (0.00-0.00) vs 1.00 (0.00-2.00), P < 0.01).
Conclusion: Infusion of 0.05μg·kg -1 ·h -1 naloxone for patients undergoing sufentanil-controlled analgesia for postoperative pain can significantly increase the level of OGF, natural killer cells, and CD4+/CD8+ T-cell ratio compared with non-naloxone group ，and postoperative pain intensity, request for rescue analgesics, and opioid-related side effects can also be reduced.
Trial registration: ChiCTR1900021043 on January 26, 2019.
Keywords: Low-dose naloxone, Opioid growth factor, Immune function, Postoperative pain, nausea, vomiting
Independent and reproducible hippocampal radiomic biomarkers for multisite Alzheimer’s disease: diagnosis, longitudinal progress and biological basis
Authors: Zhao Kun , Ding Yanhui , Han Ying , Fan Yong , Alexander-Bloch Aaron F. , Han Tong , Jin Dan , Liu Bing , Lu Jie , Song Chengyuan , Wang Pan , Wang Dawei , Wang Qing , Xu Kaibin , Yang Hongwei , Yao Hongxiang , Zheng Yuanjie , Yu Chunshui , Zhou Bo , Zhang Xinqing , Zhou Yuying , Jiang Tianzi , Zhang Xi , Liu Yong
Published: November 2019

Background: Hippocampal morphological change is one of the main hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The primary aim of this study is to explore whether radiomics feature is a robust biomarker for AD and further explore the biological basis of those features.Methods: Hippocampal radiomic features were extracted for classification and prediction using a support vector machine (SVM) with 1943 subjects (multi-site).Results: Multivariate classifier-based SVM analysis provided individual-level predictions for distinguishing AD patients (N=261) from normal controls (NCs; N=231) with accuracy=88.21% with inter-site cross-validation. Further analyses of a large, independent ADNI dataset (N=1228) reinforced these findings. In mild cognitive impairment (MCI) groups, a systemic analysis demonstrated that the identified features were significantly associated with clinical features (e.g., apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype, polygenic risk scores, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Aβ, CSF Tau), and longitudinal changes in cognition ability; more importantly, the radiomic features have a consistently altered pattern with changes in the MMSE scores over 5 years of follow-up.Conclusion: These comprehensive results suggest that hippocampal radiomic features can serve as robust biomarkers for clinical applications in AD/MCI.
In Vitro Activity of Tetracycline Analogs against Multidrug-resistant and Extensive drug resistance Clinical Isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Ouyang Qi , Lin Dachuan , Deng Guofang , Wen Zhihua , Liu Houming , Li Hongzhen , Cai Yi , Chen Xinchun
Published: November 2019

Background Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has become a big threaten to global health . The current strategy for treatment of MDR-TB and extensive drug resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) is with low efficacy and high side effect. While new drug is fundamental for cure MDR-TB, repurposing the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs represents an alternative soluation with less cost.Methods The activity of 8 tetracycline-class antibiotics against mycobacterium tuberculosis ( M.tb ) were determined by Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) in vitro. A transposon M.smeg libraries was generated by using the Harm phage and then used to isolate the conditional growth mutants in doxycycline containing plate. 11 mutants were isolated and genomic DNAs were extracted using the cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) method and analyzed by whole genome sequencing.Results We found that three of eight drugs efficiently inhibited mycobacteria growth under the peak plasma concentration in the human body. Further tests showed these three tetracycline analogs (demeclocycline, doxycycline and methacycline) had antimicrobial activity against seven clinical isolates, including MDR and XDR strains. Among them, Doxycycline had the lowest MICs in all mycobacteria strains tested in this study. By using a transposon library, we identify the insertion of transposon in two genes, porin and MshA, associate with the resistant to doxycycline.Conclusions Our findings show that tetracycline analogs such as doxycycline, has bactericidal activity against not only drug sensitive M.tb , but also clinical MDR and XDR strains, provided proof of concept to repurpose doxycycline to fight MDR-TB and XDR-TB. Further investigations are warranted to clarify the underlying mechanism and optimize the strategy in combination with other anti-TB drugs.
Understanding Women’s Anxiety and Uncertainty attending a Rapid Diagnostic Clinic for Suspicious Breast Abnormality: A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Maheu Christine , Lord Bridgette , Wang Christine , Tanimizu Ai , McCready David R. , Galica Jacqueline , Howell Doris
Published: November 2019

Background: Rapid diagnostic centres (RDC) for breast abnormality offer a speedier process from the discovery of a suspicious breast lump to same-day investigation and confirmation of a breast cancer diagnosis. Study purpose: We aim to assess the anxiety and uncertainty levels of women going through an RDC and explore women’s needs for support during the diagnostic period. Methods: Thirteen women who attended an RDC in 2014 took part in a sequential mixed-method study to assess anxiety and uncertainty levels. Measures were taken at pre and post-testing, at three weeks following receipt of results followed by a semi-structured telephone interview. Results: The mixed data results mainly showed congruence between women scoring high on anxiety and uncertainty levels and their detailed descriptions of the experience as stressful. Overall, uncertainty and anxiety levels were above the clinical threshold while awaiting further testing. These levels remained high only for the subgroup found with cancer and remained high at the three-week mark. As for the benign group, anxiety was above cut-off before diagnosis (n=6), decreased to below clinical cut-off three days following diagnosis (n=0), and increased again above cut-off three weeks post-diagnosis (n=2). Discussion and Conclusion: While speedier testing may reduce waiting times to obtain further tests, results suggest that the period leading up to the day of testing is anxiety-provoking and marked with intense uncertainty. Results suggest the potential role of nurses to support waiting for patients with education and resources. These results illustrate the need for further investigation into psychological support options at RDCs.
The loss of photosynthesis pathway in a holoparasitic plant Aeginetia indica revealed by plastid genome and transcriptome sequencing
Authors: Chen Jingfang , Yu Runxian , Dai Jinhong , Liu Ying , Zhou Renchao
Published: November 2019

Background With three origins of holoparasitism, Orobanchaceae provides an ideal system to study the evolution of holoparasitic lifestyle in plants. The evolution of holoparasitism can be revealed by plastid genome degradation and the coordinated changes in the nuclear genome, since holoparasitic plants lost the capability of photosynthesis. Among the three clades with holoparasitic plants in Orobanchaceae, only Clade VI has no available plastid genome sequences for holoparasitic plants.Results In this study, we sequenced the plastome and transcriptome of Aeginetia indica , a holoparasitic plant in Clade VI of Orobanchaceae, to study its plastome evolution and the corresponding changes in the nuclear genome as a response of the loss of photosynthetic function. Its plastome is reduced to 86,212 bp in size, and almost all photosynthesis-related genes were lost. Most protein coding genes in the plastome showed the signal of relaxation of purifying selection. Plastome and transcriptome analyses indicated that the photosynthesis pathway is completely lost, and that the porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism pathways are partially retained, although chlorophyll synthesis is not possible.Conclusions Our study suggests the loss of photosynthesis-related functions in A. indica in both the nuclear and plastid genomes. The Aeginetia indica plastome also provides a resource for comparative studies on the repeated evolution of holoparasitism in Orobanchaceae.
Allogeneic human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells for severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia in children: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial(the MSC-BPD Trial)
Authors: Wu Xian , Xia Yunqiu , Zhou Ou , Song Yan , Zhang Xianhong , Tian Daiyin , Li Qubei , Shu Chang , Liu Enmei , Yuan Xiaoping , He Ling , Liu Chengjun , Li Jing , Liang Xiaohua , Yang Ke , Fu Zhou , Zou Lin , Bao Lei , Dai Jihong
Published: November 2019

Background: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a complex lung pathological lesion secondary to multiple factors and one of the most common chronic lung diseases with a poor prognosis, especially in preterm infants. However, effective therapies for this disease are lacking. Stem cell therapy is a promising way to improve lung injury and abnormal alveolarization, and the human umbilical cord (hUC) is a good source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which have demonstrated efficacy in other diseases. We hypothesized that intravenous allogeneic hUC-MSCs are safe and effective for severe BPD. Methods: The MSC-BPD trial is a randomized single-center open-label dose-escalation phase II trial designed to investigate the safety and efficacy of hUC-MSCs in children with severe BPD. In this study, 72 patients will be enrolled and randomly divided into two intervention groups and one control group. Patients in the intervention groups will receive a low dose of hUC-MSCs (n = 24; 2.5 million cells/kg) or a high dose of hUC-MSCs (n = 24; 5 million cells/kg) in combination with traditional supportive treatments for BPD. The patients in the control group (n = 24) will be treated with traditional supportive treatments alone without hUC-MSCs. The primary outcome measures will be cumulative duration of oxygen therapy. Follow-up assessments will be performed at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months post-intervention, and the key outcome during follow-up will be changes on chest radiography. Statistical analyses will evaluate the efficacy of the hUC-MSC treatment. Discussion: This will be the first randomized controlled trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intravenous hUC-MSCs in children with severe BPD. Its results will provide a new evidence-based therapy for severe BPD. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03601416; registered on July 26, 2018) Keywords: bronchopulmonary dysplasia, human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells, clinical trial, protocol
A Numerical Calculation of Arbitrary Integrals of Functions
Authors: Mamman John Ojima , Aboiyar Terhemen
Published: November 2019

This paper presents a numerical technique for solving fractional integrals of functions by employing the trapezoidal rule in conjunction with the finite difference scheme. The proposed scheme is only a simple modification of the trapezoidal rule, in which it is treated as an algorithm in a sequence of small intervals for finding accurate approximate solutions to the corresponding problems. This method was applied to solve fractional integral of arbitrary order α > 0 for various values of alpha. The fractional integrals are described in the Riemann-Liouville sense. Figurative comparisons and error analysis between the exact value, two-point and three-point central difference formulae reveal that this modified method is active and convenient.
Görsel Kültürde Ekran ve Gelişim Süreci
Authors: Eken Begum
Published: November 2019

Bugün
ekranlar olmadan bir yaşam sürdürmek neredeyse olanaksızdır. Televizyon ve
büyük  ekranlar, bilgisayar ekranları,
akıllı telefon, tablet ve hatta saat ekranları çağdaş hayata nüfuz etmiş ve
artık insanların hem yaşam hem de çalışma biçimlerini şekillendirmiştir. Bugün,
ekran temelli arayüzler bizi biz yapan farklı iletişim şekillerini oluşturan
araçlar haline gelmişlerdir. Fakat, bir asırdan daha uzun bir süre öncesine
kadar ekranlar, görsel-işitsel ve kişileri birbirine bağlayan günümüzde
kullanıldığı şekilleriyle gündelik hayatta yoktu. Ekran kelimesinin uzun ve
karmaşık evrim süreci medyaya ulaşmış ve ‘ekranlar’ medya alanının önemli bir
parçası haline gelmeyi başarmıştır. Akıllı cihazlar sadece son yirmi yıl içinde
kültürümüzde ortak bir varlık haline geldiyse de, diğer yandan ekran, değişik
form ve mecralarda yüzyıllar boyunca görsel bilgi sunmak için kullanılmıştır.
Ekranın tarihi, çağlar boyunca bir ilgi unsuru olarak gerçeklik ve sanal
arasında kurulan bir köprü deneyimi sunduğunu gösteren örneklerle doludur. Bu
araştırma, ekranın etimolojik geçmişi ve ekran kültürünün kısa tarihsel
gelişimi üzerine şekillenmektedir.
Performance Optimization of IoT Networks Within the Gateway Layer
Authors: Sastry J.K.R. , Ramya G. Sri , Niharika V.M. , Sowmya K.V.
Published: November 2019

Background:

IoT networks are being used frequently for meeting the requirements of
some specifications such as applications related to automobiles, aerospace, etc. The performance is
always an issue as many intricacies exist built into the developed IoT networks such as handling heterogeneity,
failures of communication paths, lack of bandwidth, non-availability of alternate paths
for communication, etc. Many layers exist in an IoT network. Each layer built using specific technology
and is faced with many performance bottlenecks addressed. The performance of the entire
network is affected when there are many performance issues in any layer. The performance of an
IoT network must be analyzed considering all the layers and the issues related to those layers.

Objective:

The main objective of this paper is to present the way the performance of an IoT network
improved by using a specific networking topology used at the gateway level of the IoT network.

Methods:

Receiving data in multiple low-speed channels using different communication systems,
stacking the same and transmitting results using the splitters using dual high-speed channels to improve
the time required for transmission and also to reduce the latency at the gateway level.

Results:

The splitter method introduced at the gateway level improved the performance of the IoT
network from 1519 Microseconds to 1029 Microseconds for transmitting 100 data packets either
way. Throughput as such improved from 0.31 packets / Microsecond to 0.19 packets / Microsecond.

Conclusions:

The performance of IoT networks suffers due to various reasons. The performance of an IoT
network gets improved at gateway by using splitters that merge and bifurcate the communication traffic.
Learning problems: pedagogical intervention
Authors: Sanchez Paola Katherine Moreira , Lopez Carlos Geovanny Naranjo , Lopez María Mercedes Lopez , Figueroa Yiria Giovinezza Macías
Published: November 2019

Learning problems Pedagogical intervention is necessary studies in the educational field, in which all teachers must have adequately trained.  The general objective of the present investigation was to know the difficulties that the students have in the process of knowledge acquisition, for it a bibliographical revision on disorders and symptoms of learning has carried out. Types of dyslexia; cognitive stages in the development of the child; In addition, the methodology applied was qualitative and descriptive, which allowed understanding and interpreting situations in the development of information about learning problems and pedagogical intervention. Among the methods used was the heuristic, which led to the discovery of problems in student learning; Field research has also carried out. The analysis and interpretation of results gave way to establish strategies in the use of pedagogical tools that improve the difficulty of learning.
Attempt to regenerate tooth extraction cavity by three dimensional culture construct using buccal adipose-derived stem cells
Authors: Kuroda Shinji
Published: November 2019

Bones are the scaffolding of our bodies, without which we have no structure or anchoring points for muscles, tendons and teeth. As strong as they are though, bones often break or suffer from diseases like cancer, osteoporosis or genetic disorders which impede their proper development.
While a broken bone can heal and partially regenerate, in the cases of severe bone defects or injuries doctors have long relied on artificial replacements and various other artificial fixes due to the limitations in bone regeneration. Everything from joint replacements to dental implants has
relied on synthetic materials anchored to existing bone. This approach is useful and helps many people but has its limitations. Regenerative dental expert Dr Shinji Kuroda, Junior Associate Professor in the Department of Oral Implantology and Regenerative Dental Medicine at the Tokyo Medical
and Dental University, explains that in some cases, infection issues arise from placing foreign objects in the body, and in the case of dental implants there is often not enough bone to anchor implants to. For example, following a tooth extraction the bone, within which the tooth sockets sit,
the alveolar ridge, experiences a reduction. 'This reduction is a physiological process and results in reduced stability and aesthetic quality of the dental implants used to replace the extracted tooth,' observes Kuroda. 'Despite numerous strategies to prevent this physiological change, such
as immediate implant placement into the fresh extraction site, definitive treatment strategies have not yet been discovered to mitigate this bone loss.' In situations like this or in the case of congenital defects that lead to severe bone damage or loss, the best way forward lies in the promise
of regenerative medicine techniques to regrow bone.
Development of a non-invasive blood sugar sensor
Authors: Yamakawa Koichi
Published: November 2019

A person with diabetes mellitus, which is commonly referred to as diabetes and exists in two forms (type 1 and type 2) must inject themselves with insulin to manage their blood sugar level. This is because the disease causes a person's blood sugar level to become too high and insulin,
a hormone produced in the pancreas, helps the body to use sugar for energy. In type 1 diabetes the body's immune system attacks and destroys the cells that produce insulin and in type 2 the pancreas is unable to make enough insulin or the insulin it does make doesn't work properly. As such,
in both types of the disease, insulin must be injected into the body and injecting becomes an essential part of the daily regimes of people with diabetes. As you can imagine, this, coupled with the need to regularly check blood sugar with finger prick tests, can be inconvenient as well as
painful. In addition, there is the risk of infection. However, there is currently no alternative. A Japan-based research team is working on developing a non-invasive technique for measuring blood glucose.
Isolation and characterization of mesenchymal stem cells derived from type 2 diabetes – research conducted in the Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology Lab (Ohneda Lab)
Authors: Ohneda Osamu
Published: November 2019

Stem cells are one of the leading methods through which we will gain the next generation of medical treatments. Given their ability to develop into almost any cell type, the medical applications are endless. Since the methods through which to reprogramme these master progenitors were
established, many tests and clinical trials have taken place. However, as is often the case in biology, the picture is more complicated than simply reprogramming these cells with a cocktail of proteins. Stem cell expert Professor Osamu Ohneda is a Principal Investigator at the University of
Tsukuba, Japan. 'Our focus is to achieve autologous transplantation whereby, mesenchymal stem cells are taken from the patient, encouraged to grow and reprogrammed before transplantation into the patient,' he observes. This process would be a crucial step in the personalisation of medicine,
however, the more this process has been tested, the clearer it has become that additional variables are in play. 'There have been issues with nearly every step of the process after the acquirement of the raw mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) necessary,' Ohneda highlights. 'The MSCs don't always
respond as expected to growth stimulants and differentiation cues and transplants don't always take.' More in depth research is needed to overcome these issues and turn stem cell's potential into a reality. Investigating and solving these issues is the work of Ohneda and his research team,
including Assistant Professor Vuong Cat Khanh and Assistant Professor Toshiharu Yamashita.
Caracterización citológica en Flaveria bidentis y F. haumanii (Asteraceae)
Authors: Paez Valeria de los Angeles , Andrada Aldo R. , Sobrero María T. , Chaila Salvador
Published: November 2019

Antecedentes y Objetivos: Flaveria es un género americano integrado por 23 especies y representado en Argentina por dos de ellas, ambas nativas y anuales: F. bidentis (la cual es considerada maleza de agroecosistemas) y F. haumanii. El género tiene un número cromosómico básico de x=18 y los antecedentes citológicos son referidos a F. bidentis, pero no así para F. haumanii. El objetivo de este trabajo fue caracterizar citogenéticamente a F. bidentis y F. haumanii a través del análisis cariotípico, el comportamiento meiótico y la estimación de la viabilidad de los granos de polen.Métodos: El material fue recolectado en la provincia de Santiago del Estero (Argentina). Las raíces fueron pretratadas con 8-hidroxiquinoleina 0.002 M durante ocho horas. Inflorescencias y raíces fueron fijadas en Farmer y conservadas en alcohol etílico al 70% en frío. Para la tinción de los cromosomas se utilizó hematoxilina propiónica al 2%. La viabilidad de los granos de polen se estimó mediante las soluciones colorantes de Mützing y DAF.Resultados clave: Flaveria bidentis y F. haumanii poseen como número cromosómico esporofítico 2n=36, con un cariotipo unimodal simétrico. El comportamiento meiótico es regular y en diacinesis se observó n=18 bivalentes; la viabilidad estimada de los granos de polen fue superior a 90%.Conclusiones: Se mencionan por primera vez los números cromosómicos esporofíticos y gametofíticos de F. haumanii; además, se completa la informacióncitogenética para F. bidentis a través del análisis de la meiosis. Estos son los primeros datos relacionados con la viabilidad de los granos de polen.
A gradient recovery method based on an oblique projection for the virtual element method
Authors: Kalyanaraman Balaje , Lamichhane Bishnu , Meylan Michael
Published: November 2019

The virtual element method is an extension of the finite element method on polygonal meshes. The virtual element basis functions are generally unknown inside an element and suitable projections of the basis functions onto polynomial spaces are used to construct the elemental stiffness and mass matrices. We present a gradient recovery method based on an oblique projection, where the gradient of the L2-polynomial projection of a solution is projected onto a virtual element space. This results in a computationally efficient numerical method. We present numerical results computing the gradients on different polygonal meshes to demonstrate the flexibility of the method.

References B. Ahmad, A. Alsaedi, F. Brezzi, L. D. Marini, and A. Russo. Equivalent projectors for virtual element methods. Comput. Math. Appl., 66(3):376391, 2013. doi:10.1016/j.camwa.2013.05.015. L. Beirao da Veiga, F. Brezzi, A. Cangiani, G. Manzini, L. D. Marini, and A. Russo. Basic principles of virtual element methods. Math. Mod. Meth. Appl. Sci., 23(01): 199214, 2013. doi:10.1142/S0218202512500492. L. Beirao da Veiga, F. Brezzi, L. D. Marini, and A. Russo. The hitchhiker's guide to the virtual element method. Math. Mod. Meth. Appl. Sci., 24(08): 15411573, 2014. doi:10.1142/S021820251440003X. Ilyas, M. and Lamichhane, B. P. and Meylan, M. H. A gradient recovery method based on an oblique projection and boundary modification. In Proceedings of the 18th Biennial Computational Techniques and Applications Conference, CTAC-2016, volume 58 of ANZIAM J., pages C34C45, 2017. doi:10.21914/anziamj.v58i0.11730. B. P. Lamichhane. A gradient recovery operator based on an oblique projection. Electron. Trans. Numer. Anal., 37:166172, 2010. URL http://etna.mcs.kent.edu/volumes/2001-2010/vol37/abstract.php?vol=37&pages=166-172. O. J. Sutton. Virtual element methods. PhD thesis, University of Leicester, Department of Mathematics, 2017. URL http://hdl.handle.net/2381/39955. C. Talischi, G. H. Paulino, A. Pereira, and I. F. M. Menezes. Polymesher: a general-purpose mesh generator for polygonal elements written in matlab. Struct. Multidiscip. O., 45(3):309328, 2012. doi:10.1007/s00158-011-0706-z. G. Vacca and L. Beirao da Veiga. Virtual element methods for parabolic problems on polygonal meshes. Numer. Meth. Part. D. E., 31(6): 21102134, 2015. doi:10.1002/num.21982. J. Xu and Z. Zhang. Analysis of recovery type a posteriori error estimators for mildly structured grids. Math. Comput., 73:11391152, 2004. doi:10.1090/S0025-5718-03-01600-4.
Numerical solutions for nonlinear partial differential equations arising from modelling dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Maldon Benjamin James , Lamichhane Bishnu Prasad , Thamwattana Natalie
Published: November 2019

Dye-sensitized solar cells have generated diverse research directions, which include a mathematical model based on the diffusion of electrons in the conduction band of a nano-porous semiconductor (traditionally TiO\(_2\)). We solve the nonlinear diffusion equation under its boundary conditions, as stated by Anta et al. [J. Phys. Chem. B 110 (2006) pp 5372--5378]. We employ a standard finite difference method, a fourth order finite difference method scheme and a Runge--Kutta scheme. We calculate errors and evaluate the utility of each scheme as it applies to this boundary value problem.

References J. A. Anta, F. Casanueva, and G. Oskam. A numerical model for charge transport and recombination in dye-sensitized solar cells. J. Phys. Chem. B, 110(11):5372–5378, 2006. doi:10.1021/jp056493h. F. Cao, G. Oskam, G. J. Meyer, and P. C. Searson. Electron transport in porous nanocrystalline TiO\(_2\) photoelectrochemical cells. J. Phys. Chem., 100(42):17021–17027, 1996. doi:10.1021/jp9616573. A. J. Frank, N. Kopidakis, and J. van de Lagemaat. Electrons in nanostructured TiO\(_2\) solar cells: transport, recombination and photovoltaic properties. Coordin. Chem. Rev., 248:1165–1179, 2004. doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2004.03.015. Y. Gacemi, A. Cheknane, and H. S. Hilal. Simulation and modelling of charge transport in dye-sensitized solar cells based on carbon nano-tube electrodes. Phys. Scripta, 87(3):035703–035714, 2013. doi:10.1088/0031-8949/87/03/035703. B. O'Regan and M. Gratzel. A low-cost, high-efficiency solar cell based on dye-sensitized colloidal TiO\(_2\) films. Nature, 353:737–740, 1991. doi:10.1038/353737a0. S. Sodergren, A. Hagfeldt, J. Olsson, and S. Lindquist. Theoretical models for the action spectrum and the current-voltage characteristics of microporous semiconductor films in photoelectrochemical cells. J. Phys. Chem., 98:5552–5556, 1994. doi:10.1021/j100072a023.
Real time TCP/IP control of modular production systems with FPGAS
Authors: Castillo-Atoche A. , Vázquez-Castillo J. , Sánchez-Huerta V.
Published: November 2019

The Modular Production System (MPS) can be used to reproduce nearly any function in complex manufacturing processes. In this work a different way of real time TCP/IP control of three different MPS controlled by embedded processors inside a FPGA is proposed. The digital design with FPGA is particularly advantageous due to its parallel processing made possible by its flexible structure, high integration and velocity. The TCP/IP control is carried out with a Rabbit Core microprocessor. This device contains the functions required to implement a web server allowing the remote control of the MPS. A user enters a public IP direction on a designed web page to enable/disable each independent manufacturing process.
An automatic test environment for microelectronics education and research
Authors: Sandoval-Ibarra Federico
Published: November 2019

An automatic test environment (ATE) based on a PSoC has been developed to perform electrical characterization of integrated circuits (ICs). The ICs are designed for academic and research purposes as part of the Electronic Design graduate program at NVESTAV-Guadalajara Unit; these ICs are manufactured in standard N-well, 5-V, 1.5μm/0.5μm CMOS technologies. The ATE offers programmable capabilities to develop master-slave architectures, memory for data storage, functions generator to stimulate circuits and systems, current/voltage sources for several purposes, current-voltage measurements, and ports to download experimental data to a PC. To date, several ICs have been tested with the help of the ATE. In this paper, however, examples based on MOS Transistors only are presented in order to describe the ATE performance and also to show how experimental data of the devices under characterization were validated through SPICE simulations, experimental data given by manufacturers, and using commercial equipment as well.