bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Need for Integrating Cloud-Based Project Management Tools in IT Curricula: Insights from Sri Lanka’s Software Industry
Authors: Assalaarachchi Lakshana , Liyanage Prabhani , Hewagamage Champa
Published: November 2024

Cloud-based project management software is heavily used in the software development industry, with cloud computing advancements. As such software usage is becoming popular in the industry, empirical evidence suggests that investigating the efficient integration of cloud-based project management software into Information Technology degree programmes is crucial in bridging the gap between university education and industry requirements. Therefore, this mixed-method study was carried out in Sri Lanka, where the software development industry is a significant player in the service sector. To analyse the current uptake of such software, 102 firms were given a closed-ended questionnaire. The fact that 93% of respondents are using these tools and that they specified that their use is crucial for project success suggests that they should be integrated into the academic curricula of IT degrees. Thirteen interviews were also done with industry professionals. The thematic analysis showed that professionals who had studied using cloud-based project management software in their degrees found it easier to adopt them in the workplace than those who had not, suggesting the need for integrating them into academic curricula. Effective integration strategies included offering cloud-based project management tools as practical components required for use in projects, industry-led workshops, and online courses as assignments. These results can help higher education establishments improve their curricula, including the latest industry practices, to bridge the gap between academic and industry requirements.
Enhancing Public Education and Addressing Policy Gaps for Radon Exposure and Lung Cancer Risk Mitigation in Sri Lanka
Authors: Lochana W. V. A. S. , Hettiarachchi S. N.
Published: November 2024

Radon, a naturally occurring radioactive gas, is a significant health risk attributable to its strong association with lung cancer. In Sri Lanka, public awareness of radon exposure and its health implications remains low, and there are minimal policies addressing this risk. This systematic review aimed to analyse public awareness, policy gaps, and mitigation strategies related to radon exposure and cancer risk, particularly in Sri Lanka. Following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, we searched three electronic databases PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect for studies published since 2001, yielding 1,025 records. After screening, we included 51 articles, focussing on public awareness and policy frameworks in both developed and South Asian countries. The findings disclose significant gaps in both public knowledge and policy measures, highlighting the urgent necessity for targeted public education campaigns and development of comprehensive regulations for radon testing and mitigation. By addressing these issues, Sri Lanka can reduce the health risks associated with radon exposure and enhance its cancer prevention strategies.
A Retrospective Study Analysing the Profile of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Cases Reported to a Base Hospital in the North Central Province of Sri Lanka
Authors: Guruge R. G. , Dissanayake D. M. N. , Janapriya G. H. D. C. , Ranawaka G. R.
Published: November 2024

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is the most prevalent clinical form of leishmaniasis in Sri Lanka. This study explored the epidemiological characteristics of CL patients at the Base Hospital, Medirigiriya, Sri Lanka, based on retrospective data collected during 2017-2022. Specifically, it determined the frequency of CL among the patients and examined the patterns of CL distribution in the selected population concerning demographic, spatial, and temporal factors. The research used the laboratory investigation reports of clinically suspected CL patients referred to the dermatological clinic during the study period. The smear test result, age, sex, and area of residence were collected and analysed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS software. A total of 1190 residents from the Medirigiriya area suspected of CL were screened, of whom 584 (49.1%) were positive by smear test. The annual positive cases increased from 2017 (42.8%) to 2022 (55.7%). The average annual incidence of CL per 100,000 population in Medirigiriya was estimated to be 122. Among the positive patients, the percentage of males (60.6%) was higher compared to females. Also, the 41-50 age group showed the highest percentage (21.2%) of CL positive cases. The month of July recorded the highest mean number of CL-positive patients. The main cluster of CL patients was in the Nawanagaraya and Medirigiriya Grama Niladari Divisions. Sex, age, area of residence of patients, and month of the year were the significantly associated risk factors (p<0.05) for CL infection in Medirigiriya during the study period. This research provides an understanding of the demographic and spatiotemporal factors associated with CL in Medirigiriya during 2017-2022 which would be important in designing strategies for the prevention and control of CL in the area. It is recommended that the identified risk factors be targeted for future research, surveillance, and implementation of control methods.
Switching antidepressants
Authors: Outhoff K.
Published: November 2024

Switching antidepressants because of lack of efficacy or unacceptable side effects, while often required in general practice, may result in toxic drug-drug interactions, worsening depression or unpleasant discontinuation reactions. Switching strategies to minimise these risks include immediate switching, cross-tapering or incorporating a washout period. Immediate switching is generally possible when substituting a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor or a serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor for a drug from its own class. Cross-tapering over a period of weeks is preferred when switching between different antidepressant classes or from high-dose antidepressants. Dangerous interactions necessitate the observance of an adequate washout period when switching to and from monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
Evidence-based prescription for cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors in sports injuries
Authors: Janse van Rensburg D.C. , Jansen van Rensburg A. , Grant C.C. , Zondi P.
Published: November 2024

Healthcare professionals are increasingly under pressure to return athletes to play in the shortest possible time. There is limited choice in providing treatment that speeds up tissue repair, while simultaneously maintaining good quality of healing. Inflammation forms a fundamental part in the process of tissue repair. However, excessive inflammation may cause more pain, and limit functional restoration. Although the use of anti-inflammatory treatment in the form of a cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitor (coxibs) has been widely recognised as being effective, the potential detrimental effect on tissue repair, as described mainly in animal model studies, needs to be taken into account. The side effects profile on the gastrointestinal tract favour coxibs over non-traditional NSAIDs. The possible effects on the renal and cardiovascular systems also need to be considered. The prescription of coxibs should be pathology and situation specific. There are no clear guidelines on the correct time of administration and the duration of the course, but it seems that the literature is in agreement that they should be administered for a limited time at the lowest effective dose possible.
Dysmenorrhoea
Authors: Lindeque B. G.
Published: November 2024

Dysmenorrhoea is a descriptive term for several conditions that cause menstrual pain. While various grades of menstrual pain occur commonly in the menstruating population, approximately 15% of this group of women experience sufficient pain and discomfort to report to healthcare services. Dysmenorrhoea is classified as either primary or secondary, and consideration should be given to a third type, i.e. once-off, at the time of passing an endometrial cast. Primary dysmenorrhoea is predominantly found in young women, is caused by prostaglandin activity, and responds well to oral contraceptive use, as well as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug medication. Secondary dysmenorrhoea, which can occur in any age group, and appears as a consequence of other serious conditions, is the main challenge. The most common other serious conditions include endometriosis, the use of intrauterine contraceptive devices, pelvic infections, uterine adenomyosis, sometimes fibroids, and ovarian cysts. Clearly, these conditions must be considered, diagnosed and treated to resolve the main complaint of dysmenorrhoea.
South African Dyslipidaemia Guideline Consensus Statement
Authors: Klug E.Q. , Raal F.J. , Marais A.D. , Taskinen M-R. , Dalby A.J. , Schamroth C. , Rapeport N. , Jankelow D. , Blom D.J. , Catsicas R. , Webb D.A.
Published: November 2024

The European Society of Cardiology together with the European Atherosclerosis Society published updated dyslipidaemia guidelines in 2011. SA Heart and the Lipid and Atherosclerosis Society of Southern Africa officially adopt these guidelines. This statement adapts aspects of the guidelines to the South African situation. Using the updated Framingham risk charts, interventional strategies are based according to the cardiovascular risk score and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. The Framingham risk score refers to the 10-year risk of any cardiovascular event, and includes four categories of risk. Treatment targets are those of the European guidelines. The LDL-C goal is 1.8 mmol/l for the very high-risk group (30%), 2.5 mmol/l for the high-risk group (15 - 30%), and 3 mmol/l for those below 15% risk. Intensive management of dyslipidaemia in South Africa will significantly reduce the cardiovascular disease health burden.
Ebola Epidemic in West Africa: A forgotten epidemic
Authors: Ogunbanjo Gboyega A
Published: November 2024

On 23 April 2015, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported that the Ebola epidemic that started in West Africa about 18 months ago had infected 26 079 people, of whom 10 823 had died. The three worst hit countries were Guinea (2 358 deaths), Liberia (4 573 deaths) and Sierra Leone (3 877 deaths), and accounted for 99.86% of the fatalities.1 It is amazing that the West African Ebola epidemic is no longer headline news, and it appears as if life is back to normal in these three countries. However, the WHO has indicated that the decline in confirmed cases appeared to have stagnated, but warned that there was a need to increase efforts to stop Ebola virus transmission.
Erectile dysfunction
Authors: Smith Haley
Published: November 2024

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a medical term that describes the inability to achieve and/or maintain an erect penis adequate for sexual function. This condition is one of the most common sexual problems for men and increases with age, but it’s not a natural part of ageing. Approximately one half of men aged 40 years and older have erection problems. Most men have difficulty achieving an erection from time to time, and such occurrences are considered normal. However, ED may be a regular and more severe problem in some men. It can cause low self-esteem, performance anxiety, depression and stress, and may also affect the quality of a marriage or intimate relationships. Lifestyle changes, such as losing weight, participating in more exercise, stopping smoking and minimising the risk of heart disease, may help to improve the condition. The introduction of the phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors has revolutionised the treatment of ED. Surgery may be considered when these inhibitors and other approaches fail or are contraindicated.
Comparative analysis of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis: A seven-year experience from a refugee host country, Turkiye
Authors: Unver Ulusoy Tulay , Duyar Agca Filiz , Demirköse Hacer , Karakoc Parlayan Hanife Nur , Altın Nilgün , Bulut Dilek , Sencan Irfan
Published: November 2024

Objective:

To investigate and compare the demographic characteristics, clinical findings, and laboratory results of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) patients, among Turkish citizens, and foreign nationals.

Methods:

This study included patients aged 18 and over, both Turkish citizens and foreign nationals, diagnosed with PTB or EPTB between 2016 and 2022. All patients were divided into PTB and EPTB group, and demographic characteristics, clinical findings, and laboratory results were compared. Patients with both PTB and EPTB were not included in the comparison. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify potential risk factors for PTB.

Results:

Among the 261 TB cases included, 46 patients (17.6%) had PTB, and 188 (72%) had EPTB. The percentage of female patients was significantly higher (P=0.003) in EPTB compared to PTB group. While the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (P=0.002), hypertension (P=0.017), coronary obstructive pulmonary disease (P=0.001), congestive heart failure (P=0.005), coronary artery disease (P=0.001) and immunosuppressive medication use (P=0.017) were significantly higher in PTB patients than in EPTB patients. Multivariate logistical analysis reveals that male (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.3-5.5, P=0.009), diabetes mellitus (OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.2-6.1, P=0.015), and asthma (OR 6.3, 95% CI 1.2-33.9, P=0.032) were associated with an increased risk of PTB. Social security coverage (P<0.001) and regular employment status (P<0.001) were found to be lower and the presence of multidrug resistance (P=0.002), isoniazid resistance (P=0.012), and rifampin resistance (P=0.012) were found to be significantly higher in foreign-national TB patients comparing with Turkiye citizens.

Conclusions:

Patients with PTB need to be evaluated for comorbidities and PTB should be investigated in men, in patients with diabetes mellitus or asthma if there are clinical findings suspicious for TB. TB screening for foreign nationals upon entry into the country is essential for TB control and elimination.
The precision of radiographic and electronic working length estimation methods in endodontics: A systematic review of clinical studies
Authors: Rangappa Anithakumari , Arul Buvaneshwari , Somasundaram Jayalakshmi , Natanasabapathy Velmurugan
Published: November 2024

Aim:

This study aimed to review the literature to know the precision of electronic apex locators over the radiographic method in the estimation of working length (WL) from the clinical studies.

Materials and Methods:

The research question was framed in PICO format; the study protocol was registered in PROSPERO and the systematic search was done following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines. The literature search was accomplished in PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and Google Scholar databases until February 29, 2023, for articles in the English language.

Results:

A total of 2332 articles were obtained after the initial search. Three hundred and ten duplicates and 1295 articles not meeting the eligibility criteria were removed before screening. Two hundred and fifteen records were screened and 181 articles were included after reading the abstract and title. After the application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, five studies were included in the review. The assessment of the quality of the selected articles was done using a revised tool for the quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies-2.

Conclusion:

It is inconclusive about the precision of radiographic and electronic methods in WL estimation since the studies included are at high risk of bias, hence electronic method verified radiographically could be the recommended WL estimation protocol.
Application of Artificial Intelligence for quantifying Plasmodium berghei in blood samples from infected mice
Authors: Zelai Noha Talal
Published: November 2024

Background & objectives:

In malaria infection, quantifying blood parasitemia is a critical step for evaluating the severity of the disease. This has generally been conducted manually, and thus, its accuracy depends on the expertise of technicians. There is an urgent need for an automated technique to overcome manual errors. The aim of the study is to find an alternative method for counting malaria blood parasitemia.

Methods:

This study evaluated the accuracy of automated counting using QuPath compared to manual counting. GraphPad Kappa evaluated agreement between high and low parasitemia in both counting methods using Cohen’s test.

Results:

QuPath was revealed to be a promising method that has fair agreement and no statistically significant differences compared to manual counting.

Interpretation & conclusion:

In conclusion, automated quantification is suggested to be a time- and effort-saving technique and, therefore, a worthwhile alternative to manual counting.
Susceptibility of temephos against Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi mosquito larvae in Dehradun of Uttarakhand, India
Authors: Singh RK , Kumar Gaurav , Joshi Subhash , Anvikar Anup R
Published: November 2024

Background & objectives:

Temephos is being used regularly to control immature of vector borne diseases in various states in India.

Methods:

World Health Organization method was used to evaluate larval susceptibility status of Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi against temephos in Dehradun of Uttarakhand.

Results:

The results of the study revealed that the larval mortality in different localities ranged from 67.11% to 98.22%, the-lowest mortality was recorded from Kedarpuram (67.11%) and highest larval was recorded from Vikash Nagar (98.88%). The study revealed that most of larval populations of Ae. aegypti were resistant or under verification required category against temephos at diagnostic concentrations collected from six different localities of study area of Dehradun while only one larval population of Ae. aegypti was found susceptible. However, Anopheles stephensi larvae collected from all sites were susceptible at diagnostic concentration of temephos.

Interpretation & conclusion:

The study highlights the potential development of resistance to temephos in Ae. aegypti across most of the study areas in Dehradun.
Metachronous Isolated Inguinal Lymph Node Metastasis in Rectal Carcinoma
Authors: Shetty Dishitha , Hegde Sujai
Published: November 2024

Rectal cancers presenting with inguinal lymph node metastasis (ILNM) are rare and challenging to treat. The prevalence of ILNM in rectal carcinoma is 0.36%. ILNM can be synchronous (diagnosed within 1 year of primary treatment) or metachronous (diagnosed after 1 year of primary treatment). Metachronous inguinal lymph nodes can present as isolated solitary metastasis or along with other distant metastasis. As per the literature reviewed by us, few cases of metachronous isolated ILNM presenting after 2 years of disease-free interval have been reported to date. Here, we report two cases of mucinous-type rectal adenocarcinoma, presenting with isolated ILNM with a long disease-free interval (>2 years). Both patients were treated with inguinal lymph node dissection and have been scheduled for further treatment with curative intent. No consensus has been formed on the optimal treatment strategy for patients with metachronous isolated ILNM from rectal adenocarcinoma. However, this subset of patients should not be considered as incurable, since surgical treatment has been shown to prolong survival in various studies. Therefore, the possibility of treatment with curative intent should be considered in such patients.
Battery Powered Aircraft Tow Tractors - Factors for Design Consideration
Authors:   AGE-3 Aircraft Ground Support Equipment Committee
Published: November 2024

This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) identifies and summarizes the various factors that must be considered and evaluated by the design or specifying engineer in establishing the specifications and design characteristics of battery-powered aircraft tow tractors.

This AIR is presented in two parts. The first part is simply a summarization of design factors that must be considered in establishing vehicle specifications and design characteristics. The second part refers particularly to the performance characteristics of an aircraft tow tractor. Some definitions, formulas, data, and an example are provided mainly for assisting the specifying engineers of potential buyers and users of aircraft tow tractors in the evaluation and comparison of their requirements with the performance capabilities of the various tow tractors offered by the tow tractor manufacturers. Although the design engineers could also use the formulas and data in their calculations of the performance specifications of aircraft tow tractors, this AIR is not intended to provide the methods and all data necessary for detailed calculations and design of a battery-powered aircraft tow tractor.
Anodic Treatment of Aluminum Alloys Sulfuric Acid Process, Dyed Coatings
Authors:   AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee
Published: November 2024

This specification establishes the requirements for dyed anodic coatings on aluminum alloys.
Aluminum Alloy, Hand Forgings 7.7Zn - 2.4Mg - 1.6Cu - 0.16Cr (7049-T7352) Solution Heat Treated, Stress Relieved by Compression, and Precipitation Heat Treated
Authors:   AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Published: November 2024

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of hand forgings up to 5.000 inches (127.00 mm), inclusive, in nominal thickness at the time of heat treatment, procured to inch/pound dimensions (see 8.6).
CASE HARDENABILITY OF CARBURIZED STEELS
Authors:   Metals Technical Committee
Published: November 2024

This SAE Information Report summarizes the characteristics of carburized steels and factors involved in controlling hardness, microstructure, and residual stress. Methods of determining case hardenability are reviewed, as well as methods to test for freedom from non-martensitic structures in the carburized case. Factors influencing case hardenability are also reviewed. Methods of predicting case hardenability are included, with examples of calculations for several standard carburizing steels. A bibliography is included in 2.2. The references provide more detailed information on the topics discussed in this document.
Positional Change of Hepatic Pseudolipoma: a Case Report
Authors: Hong Jung Hee , Kim Byoung Je
Published: November 2024

Pseudolipoma of Glisson’s capsule is a rare benign fatty mass that develops in the subcapsular space of the liver, typically at the interface between the diaphragm and the liver. Histologically, it resembles an epiploic appendage. This report describes a case in which a newly formed hepatic pseudolipoma migrated during follow-up. Positional changes in pseudolipomas are exceedingly rare, with only one other case documented in the literature. This case supports the hypothesis that a lipomatous mass originating from an epiploic appendage can migrate between the serosa of the liver and Glisson’s capsule, eventually forming a pseudolipoma. We present this case to provide valuable insights into the limited literature on this rare phenomenon.
Student-led educational outreach visits as a strategy to advance pharmacy education: A qualitative analysis of students' perspectives of a Brazilian study
Authors: Machado Fernanda Lacerda da Silva , Lourenço Ana Eliza Port , Santos Danielle Maria de Souza Serio dos
Published: November 2024

Background: Pharmacy education in Brazil has recently transformed to better prepare students for public health services, requiring mandatory experiential learning. Essential medicines lists (EML) are vital for improving access to medications, though their distribution is limited. As part of a community outreach initiative, pharmacy students carried out Educational Outreach Visits (EOV) to healthcare professionals and engaged with users of primary healthcare units to promote the EML. This paper discusses the students' perceptions of leading these EOV in a municipality in southeastern Brazil.
Methods: Eight students involved in EOV participated in a focus group discussion. The session was recorded and transcribed, followed by content analysis. Three thematic categories were established: 1) importance for the training of the future pharmacist, 2) relevance of the initiative, and 3) challenges of the experience.
Results: The students expressed that their involvement in EOV allowed them to gain insights into the reality of the healthcare system and contributed to improving their understanding of pharmaceutical services. Additionally, the initiative was viewed as a method to advance access to medicines in the public health system. Regarding the challenges, the students were apprehensive about not answering some questions and interacting with physicians.
Conclusion: In the view of undergraduate pharmacy students, EOV is relevant to training pharmacists to work in Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) and improving access to medicines in the public system. The lack of confidence to deliver EOV, particularly in communicating with physicians, should be considered when preparing students to participate in similar initiatives.
Diabetes-related patients’ profile and strategy in improving their knowledge and adherence: A mixed method study
Authors: Yasin Nanang Munif , Kurniawati Fivy , Ridhayani Firda , Salsabila Farras Amsi
Published: November 2024

Background: Effective education and information during diabetes patients’ treatment to enhance their knowledge could impact their medication adherence to improve therapeutic outcomes. This study aims to explore diabetes-related patient profiles, including knowledge, adherence, and medication nonadherence factors among diabetic patients. Also, it explores the implemented pharmacists' strategies to raise knowledge and adherence.
Methods: This study had two phases. The first phase focused on diabetic patients, assessing their profiles, knowledge about diabetes, medication adherence, and factors contributing to nonadherence. The second phase examined pharmacists' strategies to improve patients' knowledge and adherence. Using a mixed-methods design, participants were recruited from primary healthcare in Yogyakarta. Medication adherence was measured with a four-item Morisky, Green, and Levine Medication Adherence Scale (MGLS), while knowledge was assessed using a 10-item adapted questionnaire from the Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire (DKQ-24).
Results: This study enrolled 104 patients and 24 pharmacists. Most patients (40.4%) had low knowledge of disease and medication related to diabetes. A quarter of the participants (26%) exhibited poor adherence. Almost all of the pharmacists have developed strategies to enhance patients’ knowledge and adherence (95.8%), providing drug information services and medication control cards.
Conclusion: Improving patient knowledge, addressing non-adherence, and standardising pharmacists' strategies are necessary, alongside developing a comprehensive service model to enhance therapeutic outcomes.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF RUSSIA TOWARDS THE ISSUE OF THE LEGAL STATUS OF SERBIA DURING THE PROCESS OF CONCLUDING THE TREATY OF BUCHAREST
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Serbia, Čvorović Zoran
Published: November 2024

In Serbian historical and legal historical science, there is a nearly unanimous belief that during the peace negotiations with Turkey in 1811/12, which resulted in the signing of the Bucharest Treaty, Russia was inconsistent regarding the future status of Serbia and that it ruthlessly sacrificed Serbian interests for its own whenever necessary. The notification of Serbian uprising leaders about the content of the Bucharest Treaty a month and a half after its signing is also predominantly interpreted in Serbian historiography as a sign of the unscrupulousness of Russian diplomacy. This paper reexamines such dominant views, primarily through the lens of Russian archival materials that have been little or not at all used in Serbian works on the Bucharest Treaty and the First Serbian Uprising.
LEGAL-HISTORICAL OVERVIEW OF RIGHT OF SELF-DEFENSE IN SERBIAN LAW
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Serbia, Gavrilović Grbović Biljana
Published: November 2024

The paper provides a legal-historical overview of the institute of right of self-defense in the Principality and Kingdom of Serbia and the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. Namely, the importance of the right of self-defense for criminal law is reflected in the fact that it is the basis for the exclusion of illegality, i.e. impunity. Тhe institute of right of self-defense appeared in Serbian law during the time of Nemanjić. Аs a modern institute, right of self-defense was legally defined first time in the Criminal Code of 1860. On that occasion, the domestic legislator laid the foundations of the modern institute of right of self-defense, regulating it in detail. Despite this, it was not always easy for judges in practice to assess whether there is a place to apply the institute of right of self-defense or not. At the beginning of the 20th century, the quality of the legislation from the 19th century was confirmed. The regulations on right of self-defense were changed, but not to a large extent, but just enough to harmonize with European solutions. Therefore, in the paper, the greatest attention will be paid to the analysis of the legal solution from 1860, with reference to examples from practice; with reference to legal changes from the beginning of the 20th century.
DISSOLUTION OF CO-OWNERSHIP COMMUNITY ON THE BASIS OF ACTIO COMMUNI DIVIDUNDO
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Serbia, Tucaković Saša
Published: November 2024

Each co-owner could at any time initiate the procedure for dividing things in purpose of dissolution of co-ownership community. This right was exercised by filing an actio communi dividundo, except when it comes to hereditary community, because the actio communi dividundo in its own formula had a part called "adiudicatio", which gave authority to the judge to divide things. The inviolability of rights on division was pointed out in the introduction of the paper, as a fundamental feature of the arrangement of relations between co-owners, as in classical Roman law, as well as in Justinian's law. After that, certain important aspects of the actio communi dividundo are processed, which are important to understand the procedure of dissolution of the co-ownership community. In this sense, the relationship beetwen the actio communi dividundo with the actio familiae erciscundae and the actio pro socio, was specially dealt with as well as the relationship between adiudicatio and condemnatio as essential parts of the formula communi dividundo. Also, the paper deals with ways of dividing things, with reference to authorization of the judge in the partition procedure.
DISRESPECT OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE WORLD - SPECIAL REVIEW ON KOSOVO AND METOHIA
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Serbia, Bataveljić Dragan
Published: November 2024

In this paper the author is striving, before all, to present a generally accepted definition of human and civil rights, as well as their the most acceptable classification. He point to the fact that these rights are the boundaries that no country should overstep that is that they represent a defense from an absolute, irresponsible and unlimited power. Therefore, human and civil rights are guaranteed by highest general and legal acts – declarations, conventions and constitutions. In this paper, the co-authors underline the fact that law in general, particularly international law has reached the peak of its development. Yet, we are the witnesses of global violations of human and civil rights on daily basis, including the violations of the rights of non-Albanian population in Kosovo and Metohija. Indeed, the restrictions of some rights, so called “relative” rights are possible, but only in cases which are permitted by the constitution and other laws of a country. The restrictions of other, so called “absolute” rights are not allowed, such as the right to human dignity, right to physical and metal integrity, etc. The author present the examples of the obvious cases of the violations of these rights – the bombing of Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, the pandemics caused by Covid-19 virus, the genocide crimes during World War II, and others. In this paper, the author also pointed to the current situation in Bosnia and Herzegovina related to passing the law that bans the denial of genocide in Srebrenica. This represents the violation of the basic human right to freedom of thought and speech. Finally, we are living in the world of double standards applied by large powers and authorities. This also includes the double standards in relation to the current position of Serbian population in Kosovo and Metohija. To be frank, the violation of the basic rights of non-Albanian population in this south Serbian province has been taken place over decades, even a century, reaching its culmination in present days in front of the entire “democratic world”.
A BRIEF ANALYSIS OF THE GOALS AND MISSIONS OF SOME OF THE KEY SPECIALIZED AGENCIES OF THE UNITED NATIONS
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Serbia, Palević Milan
Published: November 2024

The focus of the work is the analysis of the missions and goals of the World Bank, the World Health Organization, the World Food Program, UNESCO and UNICEF. as particularly important specialized agencies of the United Nations.
The World Bank's operations are based on granting loans to states in need, monitoring the use of these loans, and providing advisory assistance to all member states. The study outlines the most significant financial methods and algorithms used to select optimal business partners. It is noted that the COVID-19 pandemic posed a significant challenge for the World Health Organization, and the paper also mentions the activities it undertakes to preserve human health and prevent heart problems. The main task of the World Food Programme is to respond effectively to climate change to preserve food quality and distribute it to countries facing food shortages. UNESCO's goals include protecting cultural monuments of historical significance to preserve national traditions and the spirit of the times, while UNICEF's primary goal is to assist children worldwide in their development, meeting their basic needs, and providing education.
THE RULE OF LAW AND THE CONSTITUTIONALIZATION OF THE EUROPEAN UNION
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Serbia, Matić Dejan
Published: November 2024

The paper discusses the application of the rule of law in the European Union and its impact on the processes of strengthening non-unitary constitutive elements in this organization. The importance of the rule of law within the EU cannot be overestimated. It serves as the foundation on which the legal and political systems of the Union are built, providing a framework for the consistent application of the law in all member states. In recent years, the concept of the rule of law within the EU has faced numerous challenges. The paper aims to shed light on the various dimensions of this principle and its key role in shaping the legal and political landscape of the Union, especially in the context of the existing constitutionalization of this organization
THE ROLE OF THE MEDIA IN CREATING A DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Serbia, Kijevčanin Ružica
Published: November 2024

The media today represent the main controller of the work of state bodies and the supporting link in the process of realizing democracy in a society. Their role is noticeable in all spheres of life functioning, but the author will pay the most attention in the work to the role of the media in realizing the right to information, on the one hand, that is, choosing the way to inform citizens, on the other hand, and the final result that arises. The power of the media is so great that in theory they are often synonymous with the fourth state power, the seventh power, etc. The media basically represent the backbone of democracy, but whether it will achieve its essence or turn into its opposite depends on the way it is reported. Independent media that inform citizens in a true, complete and timely manner, as media-literate recipients, are a necessary set of elements that make the media the supporting pillar of a modern, free, open and orderly society. Such media are the voice of truth, the voice of reason, the voice of the common man who can stand up and oppose any injustice, even the one perpetrated by the state system through state bodies. It is important to have tools that, in case of need, an individual will raise in the name of the people, even against the state, as a community whose meaning is destroyed if it does not function in the interest of its people. In a general way, the author will review the importance of the media in general, but also the importance of performing the media profession, especially in times of digitization.
CIVIL CONTROL OF ELECTIONS AND PROTECTION OF ELECTION RIGHTS
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Serbia, Petrović Luka
Published: November 2024

Citizen control of elections is one of the newer forms of control, and it is most fully realized by the participation of independent observers in all phases of the election procedure. The subject of observation are election activities, political campaigns and election conditions, while the goal is to ensure the transparency of the procedure and maintain the atmosphere of free and fair elections. This form of control arose in response to numerous examples of election manipulation and corruption in connection with elections that threatened to render meaningless the very essence of electoral law. In order to establish citizens' trust in the electoral process, it was necessary to include in it subjects who have no interest in the results of the elections themselves, but are only interested in the legality of the electoral process. In the paper, the author analyzes the impact of civil control of elections on the domain of exercise and protection of electoral rights, as well as possible directions in the development of the observer's position. Through a valid analysis of the existing powers of observers, we make a conclusion about the effectiveness of this form of control, but we also investigate in which ways their current position could be improved.
THE EFFECT OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY ON OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE IN THE FOOD AND BEVERAGE INDUSTRY (FMCG) MEDIATED BY DIGITAL COMPETENCY, SUPPLY CHAIN CAPABILITY, AND ORGANIZATIONAL READINESS IN JAKARTA, TANGERANG, AND DEPOK
Authors: Verly Christella Velita , Santosa Wahyuningsih , Dewayana Triwulandari Satitidjati
Published: November 2024

The application of digital technology in the food and beverage industry has benefits such as improving product quality, reducing energy consumption, and optimizing processes. This study aims to analyze the positive influence of Digital Technology on Operational Performance, Supply Chain Capabilities, and Digital Competition, as well as evaluate the impact of mediation by Digital Competency and moderation by Organizational Readiness in this context. Data was collected through a cross-sectional questionnaire. The results of regression analysis show that Digital Technology (TD) has a significant positive impact on Operationsional Performance (KOP) directly and through the mediation of supply chain capability (KRP), digital competency (KD), and organizational readiness (KOG). The correlation between TD and KOP of 0.763 shows a strong positive relationship, indicating that the increase in the implementation of digital technologies is closely related to the improvement of digital competence. The managerial implications of this study emphasize that organizations must adopt a holistic approach to digital transformation, which includes the development of supply chains capabilities, employee digital competencies, and organization readiness.
Network Simulation Using Cisco Packet Tracer in Computer Network Learning in Higher Education
Authors: Runtuwene Steven J , Abdulgani Adinda N. , Pakan Octhanine M. L. , Pinontoan Friendly C. G. , Mangaronda Daniel I. , Kambey Trivena N.
Published: November 2024

The development of computer network technology is growing day by day. Therefore, understanding computer networks is part of the competencies that students in higher education must have. Informatics engineering and computer science are study programs at universities that always study computer networks. One effective teaching method in network learning is to carry out network simulations using Cisco Packet Tracer. This method can help students to interactively understand all aspects of the network without requiring expensive hardware. This research discusses the use of Cisco Packet Tracer in the computer network learning process in higher education. Based on research results, Cisco Packet Tracer is related to increasing students' understanding of network design and configuration. In addition, the use of simulations simplifies the learning process and reduces the costs of the facilities required.
A Systematic Review Exploring the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Developing Writing Skills
Authors: Albariqi Zahra
Published: November 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a phenomenon has grown to be a disruptive innovation across many fields and has engaged education in writing. Since the appearance of generative AI and due to the recent availability of ChatGPT in November 2022, AI has become seen as a helpful tool that can help educators and students improve their writing. This systematic review will identify over the past decade the AI capabilities to generate ideas, critique essays, tell stories, and give feedback to the writing and writing scholars. In order to help educators, researchers, and application developers better understand the possibilities of AI in writing, the present study aims to fill the existing gaps in the literature. The results suggest that AI is on the correct path in its application in the educational process, at the same time, it signals new directions for the application of AI in the development of a writing assistant.
Infusión a partir de hojas, cáscara y cascarilla de cacao Mocambo (Theobroma bicolor S.), y su efecto en la calidad sensorial
Authors: Icaza Karla Katherine Ochoa , Chang Jaime Fabián Vera , Tamayo Nataly Lorena Herrera , Cano Cinthia Johanna Moreno , Zambrano Solanyi Marley Tigselema , Párraga Mario Andrés Catagua , Uquillas Camilo Alexander Mestanza , Zamora Diana Verónica Véliz
Published: November 2024

El T. bicolor, una especie infrautilizada del cacao, es un valioso recurso genético que ha ganado atención en la investigación biotecnológica. Este estudio aplicó técnicas biotecnológicas para optimizar las características fisicoquímicas y microbiológicas de infusiones elaboradas a partir de hojas, cáscara y cascarilla de cacao Mocambo. Se utilizó un Diseño Completamente al Azar (DCA) con arreglo bifactorial (AxB), evaluando nueve tratamientos y tres repeticiones. El Factor A correspondió a los tejidos vegetales (cáscara, hoja y cascarilla) en la infusión, mientras que el Factor B representó el porcentaje de maceración (25, 50 y 75 %). Se colectaron hojas frescas y frutos de cacao, que fueron procesados para elaborar la infusión. El producto final se preparó a 100°C y se envasó en bolsas de té. Un panel especializado realizó evaluaciones sensoriales, determinando que el mejor resultado fue el T1 cáscara al 25 %, con 11.00 % de humedad, pH 7.43, 53.92 % de fibra y 0.20 % de acidez. Los análisis fisicoquímicos revelaron diferencias significativas en los perfiles sensoriales según la parte del cacao utilizada, destacando la complejidad aromática y el sabor equilibrado de la infusión de cacao T. bicolor. El estudio confirmó el potencial de las diferentes partes del cacao Mocambo para mejorar la calidad sensorial de las infusiones, garantizando su inocuidad microbiológica y calidad sanitaria. Estos hallazgos respaldan la creación de productos innovadores en la industria alimentaria, contribuyendo a diversificar las opciones naturales y saludables.
Noma: la gangrena orofacial mutilante de etiología desatendida asociada a enfermedades periodontales necrotizantes: una revisión sistemática desde la perspectiva actual y metaanálisis combinado de indicadores quirúrgicos y etiológicos en el territorio maxilofacial
Authors: Medina Matías Ignacio Huichacura , Valdebenito Matías Alejandro Roca , Aravena Diego Alejandro Vásquez , Ibaceta Cristian Esteban González , Villalobos Eduardo Andres Pino , Vidal Hernán Elias Quintana , López Paulina Monserrat Ramírez , Erices Valentina Ignacia Ibañez
Published: November 2024

Introducción: “Noma” es una forma de estomatitis gangrenosa que afecta principalmente a niños de 2 a 10 años, causando lesiones faciales mutilantes. La enfermedad comienza con una lesión gingival que progresa rápidamente hacia la necrosis de tejidos blandos y tejido óseo, perforando planos topográficos imprescindibles a nivel maxilofacial, lo cual es desencadenada por factores como: pobreza, malnutrición, infecciones endémicas y deficiencias en la higiene bucal. Objetivo General: Analizar datos combinados sobre toda información de ‘NOMA: CANCRUM ORIS’ actual, centrando el enfoque en indicadores. Metodología: Búsqueda exhaustiva de la literatura complementado por computadora ‘IA’ (Rayyan), siguiendo la estrategia PRISMA con llave de búsqueda "noma"[All Fields] AND "cancrum oris"[All Fields] AND "oral"[All Fields] AND ("2018/01/01"[PubDate]: "2024/12/31"[PubDate]), booleano ‘AND’ en base de datos y revistas PubMed, Wiley Library, Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg, J Craniofac Surg. Resultados: 23 artículos de cribado inicial en base de datos y 473 en referencias, de los cuales 23 fueron seleccionados por búsqueda de filtro selectivo primario (15) y referencia bibliográfica (8). Discusión: Esta enfermedad afecta principalmente a niños menores de 6 años, con una tasa de mortalidad del 90%. Las complicaciones postoperatorias ocurren en el 44% de los casos, mientras que la apertura bucal mejora en promedio solo en 20 mm, con una reducción a largo plazo. La prevalencia en África subsahariana varía entre 4,1 y 17,9 por 100,000 habitantes. Los tratamientos quirúrgicos son efectivos pero limitados por el acceso desigual. La alta incidencia en regiones empobrecidas y la falta de recursos subrayan la necesidad de estrategias globales integradas para mejorar la salud y las condiciones socioeconómicas. Conclusión: El noma es una enfermedad grave y desatendida que afecta principalmente a niños en regiones empobrecidas, esto sigue siendo un desafío crítico de salud pública. Su alta tasa de mortalidad y las complicaciones a largo plazo para los sobrevivientes reflejan la falta de acceso a tratamiento adecuado y seguimiento. La enfermedad, marcada por la insuficiencia en la detección temprana y el tratamiento, subraya la necesidad de una respuesta global más efectiva con protocolos quirúrgicos establecidos de la época actual basado en evidencia. Mejoría: Mayores Metaanálisis específicos de ‘ECA’, estudios longitudinales, estudios comparativos de técnicas reconstructivas.