bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Answering Definition Question: Ranking for Top-k
Authors: Shen Chao  , Qiu Xipeng  , Huang Xuanjing  , Wu Lide
Published: February 2025

As an important form of complex questions, definition question attracts much attention from QA researchers. For many of the definition question answering systems, it is a core step to rank the candidate answer sentences, so that the top-k in the ranked list can be extracted. We integrate these evidences as features into a whole framework, and propose a novel method to learning weights of these features to rank the candidate answer sentences.
Evaluation Evaluation
Authors: Powers David M. W.
Published: February 2025

Over the last decade there has been increasing concern about the biases embodied in traditional evaluation methods for Natural Language Processing/Learning, particularly methods borrowed from Information Retrieval. Without knowledge of the Bias and Prevalence of the contingency being tested, or equivalently the expectation due to chance, the simple conditional probabilities Recall, Precision and Accuracy are not meaningful as evaluation measures, either individually or in combinations such as F-factor. The existence of bias in NLP measures leads to the ‘improvement’ of systems by increasing their bias, such as the practice of improving tagging and parsing scores by using most common value (e.g. water is always a Noun) rather than the attempting to discover the correct one. In this paper, we will analyze both biased and unbiased measures theoretically, characterizing the precise relationship between all these measures.
GR-MAS: Multi-Agent System for Geriatric Residences
Authors: Bajo Javier  , Corchado Juan M.  , Rodriguez Sara
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a multiagent architecture (GR-MAS) developed for facilitating health care in geriatric residences. GR-MAS (Geriatric Residence Multi-Agent System) contains different agent types and takes into account the integration within RFID, Wi-Fi technologies and handheld devices. The core of GR-MAS is an autonomous deliberative case-based planner agent called GerAg (Geriatric Agent for monitoring alzheimer patients). This agent, which allows adaptation and learning capabilities, has been designed to plan the nurses' working time dynamically, to maintain the standard working reports about the nurses' activities, and to guarantee that the patients assigned to the nurses are given the right care. A description of GerAg, its relationship with the complementary agents, and preliminary results of the multi-agent system prototype in a real environment are presented.
On the Practical Significance of Hypertree vs. TreeWidth
Authors: Dechter Rina  , Otten Lars  , Marinescu Radu
Published: February 2025

The recently introduced notion of hypertree width has been shown to provide a broader characterization of tractable constraint and probabilistic networks than the tree width. This paper demonstrates empirically that in practice the bounding power of the tree width is still superior to the hypertree width for many benchmark instances of both probabilistic and deterministic networks.
Building Learning Designs by Using an Automatic Planning Domain Generation: A State-Based Approach
Authors: Morales Lluvia  , Castillo Luis  , Fernandez-Olivares Juan  , Gonzalez-Ferrer Arturo
Published: February 2025

A Learning Design definition under the IMS-LD standard is a complex task for the instructor because it requires a lot of time, effort and previous knowledge of the students group over which will be defined the knowledge objectives. That is why, taking advantage from diffusion of learning objects labeling using IMS-MD standard in distance learning field, we have proposed to realize a knowledge engineering process, represented as an algorithm, with learning objects labels and user models to automaticaly define a domain that will be used by an intelligent planner to build a learning design. This learning design will be finally implemented in the ILIAS Learning Management System.
Managing Risk in Recurrent Auctions for Robust Resource Allocation
Authors: Muñoz Victor  , Busquets Dídac
Published: February 2025

Auctions can be used to solve resource allocation problems where tasks have to be assigned to resources in such a way that no resource gets overused and an objective function is optimized. In some cases a robust solution is preferable to the optimal solution as it may still be applicable even if unexpected changes in the environment occur. In this paper we present a robustness mechanism for auctions, producing feasible and near optimal solutions even if non-planned events occur. The proposed mechanism has been used in a real problem obtaining successful results.
Another Point of View on Diagnosability
Authors: Pucel Xavier  , Travé-Massuyès Louise  , Pencolé Yannick
Published: February 2025

This paper provides a new definition of diagnosability, that allows one to check the diagnosability of any set of system states, and by extension of properties that depend on the system state. The existing definitions and approaches for checking diagnosability apply to faults or sets of faults, and comparison shows that the new definition generalizes the existing ones. This new definition is applied to repair preconditions, and an example shows how this brings complementary information compared to classical fault diagnosability.
Torrent worms
Authors: Patsakis Constantinos  , Alexandris Nikolaos
Published: February 2025

One of the most widely used peer-to-peer file sharing protocols is BitTorrent. In this article we focus on the possible use of bittorrent protocol and applications that make use it, as platform for the spread of new computer-worms.
Automatic Conversion from Specifications in Japanese into Class Diagrams in UML
Authors: Saita Ryuichi  , Kubomura Chiaki  , Kameda Hiroyuki
Published: February 2025

This paper describes some automatic conversion methods and a system which converts Japanese specifications to UML class diagrams. The characteristics and limitation of the methods was also discussed in terms of two experiments with use of specifications in some UML textbooks. The results of evaluation experiments showed the fundamental validity of the methods and system.
Personalized content-based retrieval in mobile music services
Authors: Lampropoulou Paraskevi S.  , Lampropoulos Aristomenis S.  , Tsihrintzis George A.
Published: February 2025

ALIMOS is a middleware system that facilitates the access to digital music libraries in push technology-based mobile services. Specifically, a mobile user is provided with the ability to query for music files that belong to the same genre by simply sending an example music file from his/her mobile device. The personalization in ALIMOS is based on information collected while the service is used by a user and provides the user with results that have a higher content similarity with the query. The personalization mechanism is based on a novel application of clustering algorithms.
Knowledge-Based Paradigms and their Applications in Industry
Authors: Jain Lakhmi C.
Published: February 2025

The Knowledge-Based Intelligent Engineering Systems Centre (KES) was established to provide a focus in South Australia for research and teaching activity in the area of intelligent information systems, defence and health industries. The overall goal is to synergise contributions from researchers in disciplines such as engineering, information technology, science, commerce and security.
Knowledge Acquisition within a Network of Industrial Laboratories Performing Quality Specifications Testing
Authors: Fotilas Panayiotis  , Batzias Athanassios F.
Published: February 2025

This work deals with knowledge acquisition by an industrial small/medium enterprise (SME) using quality control services provided by external laboratories/agents, in order to establish functional relations between processing conditions and product properties. The laboratories are considered to constitute a formal Normal network or an informal Research network (N-NetLab or R-NetLab, respectively). A cognitive algorithm is designed/developed as an aid for suggesting the most proper cooperative schemes that might take place for the realization of this outsourcing procedure within both networks. As a case example, an enterprise producing aluminum-silicon casting alloys is examined by means of the suggested algorithmic procedure. Last, computer-aided (by means of case based reasoning – CBR) filtering-correction of information expressed in narrative mode is presented, using also contextual analysis within an ontological framework.
Towards a knowledge-sharing approach for Information Security Risk Management
Authors: Papadaki Katerina  , Polemi Nineta
Published: February 2025

Information security risk management (ISRM) is a major concern of organizations worldwide. Although the number of existing ISRM methodologies is enormous, in practice a lot of resources are invested by organizations in creating new ISRM methodologies in order to capture more accurately the risks of their complex information systems. This is a crucial knowledge-intensive process for organizations, but in most cases it is addressed in an ad hoc manner. The existence of a systematic approach for the development of new or improved ISRM methodologies would enhance the effectiveness of the process. In this paper we propose a systematic meta-process for developing new, or improved ISRM methods. We also present the specifications for a collaboration and knowledge-sharing platform supporting a virtual intra-organizational cross-disciplinary team, which aims at improving its ISRM methodologies by adopting the proposed meta-process.
Hybrid Reasoning with Argumentation Schemes
Authors: Gordon Thomas F.  , Fokus Fraunhofer
Published: February 2025

Practical reasoning typically requires a variety of argumentation schemes to be used together to solve problems and make decisions. For example, a legal case may raise issues requiring argument from precedent cases, rules, policy goals, moral principles, jurisprudential doctrine, social values and evidence. This tutorial presents an introduction to the modern philosophy of argumentation and argumentation technology, including an extensible software architecture which allows diverse computational models of argumentation schemes to be used together in an integrated way to construct and search for arguments. The architecture has been implemented in Carneades, a software library for building argumentation tools. The architecture is illustrated with models of schemes for argument from ontologies, rules, cases and testimonial evidence and compared to blackboard systems for hybrid reasoning.
Localizing and Extracting Caption in News Video Using Multi-Frame Average
Authors: Guo Jinlin  , Lao Songyang  , Liu Haitao  , Bu Jiang
Published: February 2025

News video is a very important video source. Caption in a news video can help us to understand the semantics of video content directly. A caption localization and extraction approach for news video will be proposed. This approach applies a new Multi-Frame Average (MFA) method to reduce the complexity of the background of the image. A time-based average pixel value search is employed and a Canny edge detection is performed to get the edge map. Then, a horizontal scan and a vertical scan on this edge map are used to obtain the top, bottom, left and right boundaries of the rectangles of candidate captions. Then, some rules are applied to confirm the caption. Experimental results show that the proposed approach can reduce the background complexity in most cases, and achieves a high precision and recall. Finally, we analyze the relationship between background variation of frame sequence and detection performance in detail.
SMiLE - Session Mobility in mobiLe Environments
Authors: Hölbling Günther  , Pfnür Wolfgang  , Kosch Harald
Published: February 2025

Nowadays most people own several devices, like a notebook or a smartphone, for satisfying their mobility and flexibility needs. Without special arrangements a program, its execution state and saved files - the latter two are commonly called “session” - are confined to a physical host. Session Mobility enables the user to break this law of locality, and instead creates a relation between the session and himself. In this paper we present a novel system for supporting session mobility in various scenarios. To support an almost automatic session handover between different devices a mobile agent system has been used. The selection of target devices has also been automated based on the usage context, the device's capabilities and a rough estimation of the actual location. Based on the Session Mobility in mobiLe Environments platform (SMiLE) a use case has been realized where a video session is migrated from a notebook to a smartphone and vice versa.
Value-Driven Agile Adoption: Improving An Organization's Software Development Approach
Authors: Sidky Ahmed  , Arthur James D.
Published: February 2025

There is an increased frequency in the adoption of agile practices without the necessary education as to how or why particular practices are chosen. We view such applications as a “band aid” approach that, more often than not, is a one-time fix to address problematic symptoms. This approach itself is also problematic because it fails to convey the rationale and principles necessary to accommodate future changes. In response to this observation and disquieting trend, we propose a Value-Driven Agile Adoption (VDAA) approach that mandates the consideration of three value-based components when introducing agile practices. These three components represent values defined by (1) the agile community, (2) corporate identity and (3) business objectives. Consideration of each is accompanied by the rationale for the inclusion of some practices, and the exclusion of others. The VDAA approach embraces the philosophy that Agile is more than just a development process – it is a way to help organizations respond to long-term, as well as short-term changes.
A Framework for Software Safety in Safety-Critical Systems
Authors: Medikonda Ben Swarup  , Panchumarthy Seetha Ramaiah
Published: February 2025

Software for safety-critical systems must deal with the hazards identified by safety analysis in order to make the system safe, risk-free and fail-safe. Software safety is a composite of many factors. Existing software quality models like McCall's and Boehm's and ISO 9126 are inadequate in addressing the software safety issues of real time safety-critical embedded systems. At present there does not exist any standard framework that comprehensively addresses the factors, criteria and metrics (FCM) approach of the quality models in respect of software safety. This paper proposes a new framework for software safety based on the McCall's software quality model that specifically identifies the criteria corresponding to software safety in safety critical applications. The criteria in the proposed software safety framework pertains to system hazard analysis, completeness of requirements, identification of software-related safety-critical requirements, safety-constraints based design, run-time issues management, and software safety-critical testing. This framework is then applied to a prototype safety-critical system viz. a software–based Railroad Crossing Control System (RCCS) to validate its utility.
Large Scale Projects of the Modern Movement
Authors: Dill Alex
Published: February 2025

Wholesale Market Hall in Frankfurt on Main and Shifts in Programme; New ECB Headquarters – International Design Competition; Result; Notes; References
The Feet of the Duck or Dynamic Insulation
Authors: Haartsen Tom  , van den Hamb Eric
Published: February 2025

Present Functional Requirements; How to Improve Thermal Comfort Behind Large Single Glazed Facades?; Thermal comfort screens; Double skin solution: a secondary facade; Reduction of Heat Losses; The feet of a duck; Dynamic insulation; Noise Abatement; Moisture Control; Conclusion; Notes
Electronic Patient Record data as proxy of GPs' thoughts
Authors: De Clercq Etienne  , Van Casteren Viviane  , Jonckheer Pascale  , Burggraeve Peter  , Lafontaine Marie-France
Published: February 2025

Data currently available in primary care Electronic Patient Records (EPR) can potentially be used to study quality of care. In this paper we investigate to which extend these data can reflect GPs' “thoughts” that are an important issue when considering GPs' practice and quality improvement cycle. Within the Resoprim project, we mainly used the consolidated data of three software systems, 26 practices, 1 554 hypertensive patients and 1 977 contacts. Extracted data from the EPR were: some diagnoses, some drugs, referral events, marital status, some parameters (smoking status, height, weight, blood pressure). As “gold standard” of GPs' thoughts we used an electronic questionnaire at the end of each contact. Measures of missing and incoherent values were used to assess our “gold standard”. Sensitivity, positive predictive values, correctness and global completeness were used to measure the quality of the automatic extracted data (our proxy). For the “gold standard”, the global percentage of missing values is 1.88% and of incoherent values is 3.92%. For most of the practices, the PPV or the correctness of automatic extracted drugs and automatic extracted parameters is high (>95%). The PPV of automatic extracted diagnoses is variable (42.1% to 94.9%). The sensitivity of automatic extracted diagnoses and drugs is lower than 67%. For most of the practices the sensitivity of automatic extracted parameters (excl. smoking status) is higher than 95%. The global completeness of height and weight is lower than 76%. Referrals are badly recorded or extracted. Currently in Belgium, without additional investigations, databases built on data extracted from EPRs can hardly be considered as good proxies of what is thought or known by the GPs. To use them as proxies, we should at least develop tools such as electronic questionnaires to calibrate them. As priority, we suggest an improvement of the extraction procedure design, of the current software interfaces and of the quality control of the extraction modules in order to improve respectively the extracted drugs sensitivity, the global completeness of extracted parameters and the PPV of extracted diagnoses. Training GPs could also be helpful.
Using Detailed Clinical Models to bridge the gap between clinicians and HIT
Authors: Goossen William T.F.
Published: February 2025

Two level object modelling has been introduced in recent health care IT standards, such as Health Level 7 version 3, CEN/ISO 13606 and OpenEHR. Generic functions of electronic health records and electronic messages can be developed in such a way that they become independent of the clinical data, but allow its data management. Clinical data are elicited from clinicians and modelled in the form of clinical statements or archetypes. Such clinical statements or archetypes can be standardized and inserted into the technology upon choice of clinicians. This allows flexibility in development using collections of standardized models. Detailed clinical models (DCM) thus make clinical data explicit, allowing its use in multiple standards and multiple technologies. This paper presents an overview of work for DCM including a workshop in Brisbane in 2007 and project proposals for HL7, CEN and ISO joint standardization work.
Artefacts and Roles: Modelling Strategies in a Multiplicative Ontology
Authors: Vieu Laure  , Borgo Stefano  , Masolo Claudio
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this paper is to examine different modelling strategies available in a multiplicative formal ontology, and the principles that drive their choice. This study is based on the results of recent work aiming at extending the foundational ontology DOLCE to grasp two quite different notions, that of artefact and that of role. These results, summarized in the paper, show that two multiplicative modelling strategies, entity stacking and property reification, are essential in both cases.
Utility Ontology Development with Formal Concept Analysis
Authors: Fu Gaihua  , Cohn Anthony G.
Published: February 2025

Although it is well recognised that ontologies have an important role to play in data integration, the lack of established ontologies in domains of interest often makes ontology-based integration a difficult task. Previous research on ontology design methodologies shows that manual construction of ontologies is a complex process and it is very hard for a designer to develop a consistent ontology. This paper contributes a formal and semi-automated approach for the development of ontologies in the utility infrastructure domain. It arises from a practical industrial problem of integrating the vast network of underground asset records. These asset records are typically autonomous, i.e. owned and maintained by individual organisations, and are encoded in an uncoordinated way, i.e. without consideration of interoperability with other utility information systems. The proposed approach is based on formal concept analysis (FCA) which is a mathematical approach for abstracting from attribute-based object descriptions. This paper describes techniques developed to support utility ontology development, with a focus on resolving implicit and mismatch data. Some experiments have been carried out to construct a utility ontology with data from utility companies. Though issues addressed in the paper arise in utility ontology development, we anticipate that they should be interesting and relevant to other application domains.
Formal Semantics and Ontologies
Authors: Loebe Frank  , Herre Heinrich
Published: February 2025

Formal ontology relies on representation languages for expressing ontologies. This involves the formal semantics of these languages which is typically based on a limited set of abstract mathematical notions. In this paper, we discuss the interplay between formal semantics and the intended role of ontologies as semantic foundation. In this connection a circularity is identified if ontologies are to determine the conceptual equivalence of expressions. This is particularly relevant for ontologies which are to be provided in multiple formalisms. In order to overcome this situation, ontological semantics is generally defined as a novel kind of semantics which is purely and directly based on ontological entities. We sketch a specific application of this semantics to the syntax of first order logic. In order to beneficially rely on theoretical results and reasoning systems, an approximation of the proposed semantics in terms of the conventional approach is established. This results in a formalization method for first order logic and a translation-based variant of ontological semantics. Both variants involve an ontology for their application. In the context of developing a top-level ontology, we outline an ontology which serves as a meta-ontology in applying ontological semantics to the formalization of ontologies. Finally, resolved and remaining issues as well as related approaches are briefly discussed.
Ergonomic Advice through Case-Based Reasoning to Avoid Dangerous Positions Adopted Using the Computer
Authors: Orduña Cabrera Fernando  , Sànchez-Marrè Miquel  , García Gorrostieta Jesús Miguel  , González López Samuel
Published: February 2025

Nowadays a computer is used as a main tool for many tasks. Usually a session using a computer in a computer center takes from 50 up to 150 minutes, getting the user to be tired. With this research, the dangerous positions adopted by the students in a computer center are analyzed and recommendations of exercises are listed. The exercises avoid the pain feel caused by those hazard positions. The suggestions are notified to the user by the Ergonomic-CBR application developed. After 40 minutes of a session with the computer, the Ergonomic-CBR application sends a test to user. With the answers, a case is formulated and the CBR cycle is loaded. The similar case is retrieved and adapted using expert-coded rules. All adaptations are done according to the pain feel. The result of the experiments done in Universidad de la Sierra, reflect that the students suffer of repetitive tension related with using computers. The experimental groups presented a diminution in stress and a huge acceptance of relaxation exercises proposed by the Ergonomic-CBR system.
Probabilistic Dynamic Belief Logic for Image and Reputation
Authors: Pinyol Isaac  , Sabater-Mir Jordi  , Dellunde Pilar
Published: February 2025

Since electronic and open environments became a reality, computational trust and reputation models have attracted increasing interest in the field of multi-agent systems (MAS). Some of them are based on cognitive theories of reputation that require cognitive agents to display all their potential. One of them is Repage, a computational system based on a cognitive theory of reputation that focuses on the study of two important concepts: Image and Reputation. The possible integration of these Repage predicates into a cognitive agent architecture, like the well-known Belief, Desire, Intention (BDI) approach implies the definition of these two concepts as mental states, as a set of beliefs. In this paper, we specify a belief logic that captures the necessary elements to express Image and Reputation and we study their interplay by analyzing a classical definition of trust on information sources.
Nearest neighbor technique and artificial neural networks for short-term electric consumptions forecast
Authors: Tran Van Giang  , Grieu Stéphane  , Polit Monique
Published: February 2025

Promoting both energy savings and renewable energy development are two objectives of the actual and national French energy policy. In this sense, the present work takes part in a global development of various tools allowing managing energy demand. So, this paper is focused on estimating short-term electric consumptions for the city of Perpignan (south of France) by means of the Nearest Neighbor Technique (NNT) or Kohonen self-organizing map and multi-layer perceptron neural networks. The analysis of the results allowed comparing the efficiency of both used tools and methods. Future work will first focus on testing other popular tools for trying to improve the obtained results and secondly on integrating a forecast module based on the present work in a virtual power plant for managing energy sources and promoting renewable energy.
Motion Segmentation: a Review
Authors: Zappella Luca  , Lladó Xavier  , Salvi Joaquim
Published: February 2025

Motion segmentation is an essential process for many computer vision algorithms. During the last decade, a large amount of work has been trying to tackle this challenge, however, performances of most of them still fall far behind human perception. In this paper the motion segmentation problem is studied, analyzing and reviewing the most important and newest techniques. We propose a classification of all these techniques into different categories according to their main principle and features. Moreover, we point out their strengths and weaknesses and finally we suggest further research directions.
Model Counting
Authors: Gomes Carla P.  , Sabharwal Ashish  , Selman Bart
Published: February 2025

Model counting, or counting the number of solutions of a propositional formula, generalizes SAT and is the canonical #P-complete problem. Surprisingly, model counting is hard even for some polynomial-time solvable cases like 2-SAT and Horn-SAT. Efficient algorithms for this problem will have a significant impact on many application areas that are inherently beyond SAT, such as bounded-length adversarial and contingency planning, and, perhaps most importantly, general probabilistic inference. Model counting can be solved, in principle and to an extent in practice, by extending the two most successful frameworks for SAT algorithms, namely, DPLL and local search. However, scalability and accuracy pose a substantial challenge. As a result, several new ideas have been introduced in the last few years that go beyond the techniques usually employed in most SAT solvers. These include division into components, caching, compilation into normal forms, exploitation of solution sampling methods, and certain randomized streamlining techniques using special constraints. This chapter discusses these techniques, exploring both exact methods as well as fast estimation approaches, including those that provide probabilistic or statistical guarantees on the quality of the reported lower or upper bound on the model count.
Ensuring Large-Scale Semantic Interoperability: The Estonian Public Sector's Case Study
Authors: Haav Hele-Mai  , Kalja Ahto  , Küngas Peep  , Luts Martin
Published: February 2025

E-services are built upon the exchange of information between several databases and institutions. The creation process of new e-services may be not an efficient one because the discovery, integration and reuse of appropriate information resources is time-consuming as the meaning of these information resources is not well-enough documented. In order to describe the meaning of information resources – being poured into hundreds of heterogeneous databases, distributed between several institutions – some coordination, principles, architecture and infrastructure are needed. This paper outlines proposed large-scale semantic interoperability architecture and its pilot implementation in the Estonian public sector's semantic interoperability initiative.
Approach and Technical Solutions for e-University Initiative
Authors: Medvedis Inga  , Niedrite Laila  , Niedritis Aivars  , Treimanis Maris  , Voitkans Arnis
Published: February 2025

Nowadays to be competitive universities as well as other organizations are forced to improve effectiveness and efficiency of their services. Implementation of different e-initiatives is a typical solution to take advantage of ICT to reduce operating costs of the institution, to increase responsiveness to customers, etc. This paper describes conceptual approach and technical solutions to an e-University initiative. The proposed approach allows setting up measurable business goals, to measure business processes in context of defined goals and to search for business process improvement. In this paper also two levels of measurement of systems that support business processes are considered.
Query Classification in Content-Based Image Retrieval
Authors: Markov Ilya  , Vassilieva Natalia
Published: February 2025

Image retrieval by using content analysis is known as a difficult task. In our previous studies [1] and [2] mixed-metrics were proposed in order to combine color and texture metrics for image retrieval task. It was shown that it is always possible to mark out the best mixed-metrics for every group of similar images and improve retrieval effectiveness. In order to get the proper mixed-metrics a particular query-image should be classified to one of the predefined groups of perceptually similar images and this should be done in the real-time mode while processing the query and retrieving the result. In our previous work [3] the highly specialized classification method was proposed to solve this task. In the current study Naive Bayes and SVM classifiers are discussed and applied to the mixed-metrics approach to image retrieval. Classification result for these classifiers in comparison with the classifier, proposed in [3], are presented.
Extended Method for Transforming Requirements to Conceptual Model of a Data Warehouse
Authors: Kozmina Natalija  , Niedrite Laila  , Solodovnikova Darja
Published: February 2025

Business requirements are essential for developing any information system, including a data warehouse. However, the requirements, written in natural language, may be ambiguous and imprecise. This paper offers business requirement formalization metamodel, which defines business requirements according to a certain pattern, specific to data warehouse systems. We also propose a method to create a conceptual model of a data warehouse, based on the knowledge about requirements and conceptual models of previously developed projects. The method is extended by providing evaluation of possible ways of selecting conceptual model of existing data warehouse projects.
Social Complexity
Authors: Badke-Schaub P.G.
Published: February 2025

This chapter focuses on the causes and consequences of enhanced complexity of design activities by the social context. The eight design projects, which were used as stimulating material, were analysed towards the variables which contributed to the social context. All interviewees discussed collaboration between different stakeholders as one of the main ambiguous issues in the design process. In the paper the challenges of the three problems prevalent in most projects are analysed in further detail: unshared or contradictory goals between different stakeholders involved in the process, the need for crocc-disciplinary communication and the uniqueness of the projects. Finally, two concepts are presented and further detailed in how they may provide opportunities of influencing these complex social processes in a desired direction.
Co-Design of Web Information Systems Supported by SPICE
Authors: Fiedler Gunar  , Jaakkola Hannu  , Mäkinen Timo  , Thalheim Bernhard  , Varkoi Timo
Published: February 2025

Web information systems (WIS) augment classical information systems by modern Web technologies. They require at the same time a careful development and support for the interaction or story spaces beside the classical support for the working space of users. These dimensions complicate the system development process. This paper shows how classical advanced methodologies can be carefully enhanced. We evaluated the Co-Design approach to information systems development according to the ISO/IEC 15504 Framework for Process Assessment (SPICE) and derived the potential and deficiencies of this approach. This evaluation has been used for a managed Co-Design methodology. Since WIS constantly change and evolve the development process never ends. We develop as a solution an optimization procedure and a runtime environment for the Co-Design approach that allows to cope with such changes, with evolution and extension of WIS and that demonstrates the new system facilities whenever a change is mastered.
Towards Information Security Ontology in Business Networks
Authors: Aaltonen Jukka  , Krone Oliver  , Mustonen Pekka
Published: February 2025

The existing business information and asset protection models are mainly based on organizational aspects of security management. Having the focal company as the unit of analysis makes it difficult to represent the complex network-wide phenomena, for example inter-organizational knowledge exchange and dynamic nature of security requirements. Here, a future research perspective is outlined, that makes ground to enable the design of ontologies applicable in the domain of knowledge exchange and information security in business networks. The topics that should be addressed include conceptual review of existing security models, analysis of business resource classification approaches, extending service oriented roles-linkage relationship models with network-wide security requirements, and the research perspectives in knowledge integration and requirements engineering.
Assessing Radiology Resident Preparedness to Manage IV Contrast Media Reactions Using Simulation Technology
Authors: Krupinski Elizabeth A.  , Patel Bhavika  , Berger William  , Hamilton Allan J.  , Knapp Alyson E.  , Becker Gary J.  , Gatenby Robert A.
Published: February 2025

Investigate whether radiology residents make correct diagnosis of contrast media reactions and evaluate their treatment of reaction using simulation technology. Residents were presented with a test scenario of patient given IV contrast having anaphylactic reaction. A computer-run mechanical mannequin that simulates, with mathematical, pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and cardiovascular algorithms, was used. Sessions were evaluated with respect to whether residents performed key actions to treat anaphylaxis. Times were recorded. All residents recognized the contrast reaction and initiated basic actions. As the scenario progressed and patient deteriorated, all recognized need to intubate, but intubation performance varied significantly. Radiology residents generally not prepared to deal with IV contrast reactions. Simulation technology to practice key actions would improve their preparedness.
Foot Vibrotactile Device for Central Apnea Interruption in Premature Infants
Authors: Marayong Panadda  , Mostoufi Mehrdad S.
Published: February 2025

A portable design of a vibrotactile device for central apnea interruption in premature infants is developed. This small non-invasive device provides tactile stimulus on the infant's foot, stimulating the nervous system to help reinitiate breathing. The system consists of the vibrotactile device and a user interface which controls the activation of the vibrotactile unit based on the infant's physiological signals. Based on the preliminary results, the system provides adequate stimulation. Further testing will be conducted to ensure the system safety and effectiveness before clinical trials.
Fast Interactive Integration of Cross-Sectional Image Datasets and Surface Data for Morphometric Analysis
Authors: Meruvia-Pastor Oscar  , Soh Jung  , Xiao Mei  , Schmidt Eric  , Logan Cairine  , Boughner Julia C.  , Jones Nicholas  , Osborn David  , Santiago Johanna  , Gittleman Julian  , Hallgrímsson Benedikt  , Sensen Christoph W.
Published: February 2025

To investigate external facial morphology and cell proliferation patterns and their relationship with cleft lip malformation in mice, we need to compare samples of mice tissue photographs and surface reconstructions from micro-CT scans obtained from mouse embryos. Tissue samples obtained through digital photography are typically misaligned with respect to each other, which prevents further analysis. We have developed a system for fast interactive alignment of these image stacks for volume reconstruction and data visualization and analysis in 3D. The system is designed to work in multiprocessor environments and can utilize an arbitrary number of processors, cutting down significantly the turnaround time and allowing users to quickly process sets of hundreds of high resolution images using a combination of automated and interactive tools. Additional modules are used to reconstruct the shape of the original subject. Our system is interactive, fully scalable and can be applied to any photographic sliced dataset, regardless of subject and reduces significantly the processing time for stack alignment.
Towards Validation for Physiological Models in Intervention Planning
Authors: Muehl Judith K.  , Portugaller Horst R.  , Stiegler Philipp B.
Published: February 2025

Computer supported treatment planning systems aim at predicting treatment results. Recently attacked challenges base not only on anatomical findings, but include physiological processes. This way, interventions which are highly depending on patient physiology become predictable and can be supported in computer based planning. Though the necessity to validate computations used for treatment planning is unquestioned available models lack validation. This contribution discusses challenges for designing a validation study for the example intervention of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in the liver.
The Intrepid Project – Biosensor-Enhanced Virtual Therapy for the Treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorders
Authors: Riva Giuseppe  , Gorini Alessandra  , Gaggioli Andrea
Published: February 2025

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a psychiatric disorder characterized by a constant and unspecific anxiety that interferes with daily-life activities. Together with the cognitive-behavioural treatments, relaxation represents a useful approach for the treatment of GAD, but it has the limitation that it is hard to be learned. To overcome this limitation we propose the use of biofeedback enhanced virtual reality (VR) to facilitate the relaxation process. The VR relaxation experience will be strengthened by the use of a mobile phone able to track and visualize, in an outpatient setting too, the physiological data of the patients. To test this concept, we planned a randomized controlled trial (NCT00602212), including three groups of 15 patients each (for a total of 75 patients): (1) the VR group, (2) the non-VR group and (3) the waiting list (WL) group. This controlled trial will be able to evaluate the effects of the use of VR in relaxation while preserving the benefits of randomization to reduce bias.
Development of a Minimally Invasive Implantable Wireless Vital Signs Sensor Platform
Authors: Tan Robert  , McClure Timothy  , Schulam Peter  , Schmidt Jacob
Published: February 2025

A wireless implantable pressure sensing system has been developed for short term urological studies. In in vitro testing, it was able to sense a physiologically relevant pressure range (0–1.5 psi gauge) with a resolution of 0.02 psi. In vivo testing demonstrated its ability to operate for >90 hours while implanted in a porcine model. Possible urination events and peristalsis were measured. The design of a second generation of this device is also presented.
Endotracheal Intubation in a Medical Transport Helicopter – Comparing Direct Laryngoscopy with the Prototype Storz CMAC
Authors: Boedeker Ben H.  , Berg Benjamin W.  , Bernhagen Mary  , Murray W. Bosseau
Published: February 2025

This pilot study examined backward intubation of the Laerdal Difficult Airway Manikin in a medical transport helicopter using the prototype (a new more compact) Storz CMAC videolaryngoscope. The standard manikin airway Cormack Lehane (CL) view scores were 2.00 ± 1.00 for direct view and 1.375 ± 0.517 for the indirect view (CMAC). Success rates for backward intubation in the standard airway were 100% (CMAC) and 87.5% (DV). Average CL grades in the difficult airway were 3.63 ± 0.74 (DV) and 2.00 ± 0.926 (CMAC)(p = 0.002). The success rates for backward intubation of the difficult airway were 12.5% (DV) and 63% (CMAC). Our results show that in backward intubation of the difficult airway in a helicopter setting, the prototype CMAC videolaryngoscope significantly improved the airway score by 1-2 grades and improved intubation success 5-fold. Studies using the portable CMAC videolaryngoscope under challenging rescue conditions and positions should be considered.
Portable Tool Positioning Robot for Telesurgery
Authors: Zhang Xiaoli  , Oleynikov Dmitry  , Nelson Carl A.
Published: February 2025

A compact, portable robot called CoBRASurge (Compact Bevel-geared Robot for Advanced Surgery) has been developed for tool guidance in minimally invasive surgery (MIS). It uses a spherical mechanism composed of bevel gears to achieve the necessary workspace in four degrees of freedom (DOF). Four DC motors drive the robot, with surgeon-in-the-loop control guided by an ergonomic joystick. The robot workspace has been validated experimentally, and motion trajectory experiments have shown robust and stable control. Use of the robot for camera guidance in porcine models is described. These experiments indicate superior functionality of the robot. Future work will involve integration of higher-function surgical tools with multiple CoBRASurge modules to create a complete, highly autonomous and portable MIS robot system for telesurgery.
Real-Time ECG Emulation: A Multiple Dipole Model for Electrocardiography Simulation
Authors: Abkai Ciamak  , Hesser Jürgen
Published: February 2025

A new model for describing electrocardiography (ECG) is presented, which is based on multiple dipoles compared to standard single dipole approaches in vector electrocardiography. The multiple dipole parameters are derived from real data (e.g. four dipoles from 12-channel ECG) by solving the backward problem of ECG numerically. Results are transformed to a waveform description based on Gaussian mixture for every dimension of each dipole. These compact parameterized descriptors are used for a very realistic real-time simulation applying the forward solution of the proposed model.
Forest FIRE and FIRE Wood: Tools for Tree Automata and Tree Algorithms
Authors: Cleophas Loek
Published: February 2025

Pattern matching, acceptance, and parsing algorithms on node-labeled, ordered, ranked trees (‘tree algorithms’) are important for applications such as instruction selection and tree transformation/term rewriting. Many such algorithms have been developed. They often are based on results from such algorithms on words or generalizations thereof using finite (tree) automata. Regrettably no coherent, extensive toolkit of such algorithms and automata existed, complicating their use.
Is It Appropriate, or Ethical, To Use Health Data Collected for the Purpose of Direct Patient Care To Develop Computerized Predictive Decision Support Tools?
Authors: Bonney Wilfred
Published: February 2025

The increasing use of clinical decision support systems (CDSS) to assist clinicians in decision-making is pushing the limits of information technology. The emergence of Electronic Health Records (EHR) coupled with enriched health information standards such as HL7 CDA, SNOMED, ICD-10 and LOINC have provided a rich environment for massive data collection and analysis by healthcare providers. This immense increase in data collection has also provided a gateway for the application of various data mining techniques on clinical datasets so as to measure health status (i.e. function, comfort and likelihood of dying) of patients. In measuring health status, many clinicians have opted to use CDSS to assist in decision-making and enhance clinical experience. However, even as the use of CDSS in clinicians' office continues to grow, the question that remains in the minds of many patients and the general public is whether it is appropriate, or ethical, for researchers to use health data collected for the purpose of direct patient care to develop computerized predictive decision support tool. In this paper, a systematic review is used to highlight the relevant technical barriers and ethical issues surrounding the secondary use of health data in developing CDSS.
Pharmacy Information Systems in Canada
Authors: Barnett Jeff  , Jennings Heather
Published: February 2025

The goal of Canada Health Infoway is to provide at least 50% of all Canadians with an electronic health record (EHR) by 2010. The goal of the Infoway Drug Information Systems Program is to develop an interoperable drug information system that will keep each patient's medication history: prescribed and dispensed drugs, allergies, ongoing drug treatment, etc. Drug and drug-interaction checks will be performed automatically and added to the patients' drug profiles. Physicians and pharmacists will be supplied with data to support appropriate and accurate prescribing and dispensing, thereby avoiding adverse drug interactions and drug-related deaths [1]. This paper describes Canadian developments in pharmacy eHealth. It presents the results of the Pharmacy Informatics Pharmacy Special Networks (PSN) survey about computer systems used in hospital pharmacies across Canada including information concerning Computerized Provider Order Entry (CPOE) systems deployed; which may reduce the number of errors in orders.
Findings from Evaluations of the Benefits of Diagnostic Imaging Systems
Authors: Hagens Simon  , Kraetschmer Nancy  , Savege Craig
Published: February 2025

Canada Health Infoway and its partners in the provinces and territories have made significant investments in diagnostic imaging (DI) systems across Canada. Infoway's DI Investment Program is to implement storage for diagnostic digital images so that clinicians can view images regardless of where they are stored. Specifically, Infoway is investing in Picture Archiving and Communications Systems (PACS), which are those systems with the modern digital archiving capabilities used by DI systems.