bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cloud Computing Load Balancing Techniques: Retrospect and Recommendations
Authors: Oduwole Oludayo A. , Akinboro Solomon A. , Lala Olusegun G. , Fayemiwo Michael A. , Olabiyisi Stephen O.
Published: March 2022

Load balancing is a research area that seeks to improve the quality of services provided to various clients in cloud computing environments. As cloud users increase around the world, cloud service providers are challenged to develop strategies for distributing tasks to machines for processing at cloud data centers. This work collected and undertook a thorough review of various load balancing techniques, uncovering the key limitations of existing strategies. The publications were chosen from peer-reviewed papers on Google Scholar. Cloud computing, cloud load balancing techniques, approaches to cloud load balancing, and big-data cloud computing systems were among the terms used in the search. Out of 201 studies, 39 met the criteria for inclusion. 5 of the research focused on cloud computing, 6 on cloud load balancing, 7 on resource scheduling in cloud, 16 on techniques for balancing cloud load, and 5 on big-data cloud computing environments. The study identified some research gaps and recommended a throughput-maximization based central-distributive load balancing architecture as a solution to maximize throughput, minimize response time and processing cost, and optimize load balancing architecture. Keywords— Centralized, cloud-computing, distributive, load-balancing.
How Do Online Educated Early Childhood Teachers Learn to Teach?
Authors: Long-Coleman Victoria
Published: March 2022

Little was known about how online credential recipients developed practical expertise in childcare. The purpose of the study was to explore how online recipients of the Child Development Associate credential developed practical expertise in early childhood education without the benefit of an apprenticeship. Learning the practice of teaching from qualified “more knowledgeable others” through an apprenticeship is a feature of teacher preparation in public-school contexts yet missing in preparation for childcare teachers. Vygotsky’s Social Construction of Knowledge formed the conceptual framework of the study. The research question addressed the application of content knowledge and identification of problems in classroom situations. Ten center-based childcare teachers who earned a Child Development Associate credential online were interviewed. Data was analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings revealed Child Development Associate credential recipient-teachers had little opportunity for observation by others in teaching contexts, relying primarily on trial and error and self-initiated actions to gain teaching practical expertise. Findings from this research demonstrates the need for early childhood professional apprenticeship experiences that might contribute to better teaching and improved outcomes for young children. Keywords: Apprenticeship, expert-novice research, Child Development Associate or CDA, early childhood, online or distance learning
Rancang Bangun Sistem Monitoring dan Controlling Suhu Ideal Tanaman Stroberi Berbasis Internet of Things (IoT)
Authors: Suhendar Benny , Fuady Tb Deddy , Herdian Yoga
Published: March 2022

Monitoring and Controlling the Ideal Temperature of Strawberry Plants Based on the Internet of Thing (IoT) Using Arduino is to realize hardware design, program development, and find out the performance of the tool. Design of Monitoring and Controlling the Ideal Temperature of Strawberry Plants Based on the Internet of Thing (IoT) Using Arduino through 6 stages, namely: problem identification, needs analysis, hardware development, software development, making tools and testing tools. The tool consists of 4 main parts, namely: DHT 11 temperature sensor, Arduino Uno microcontroller, LCD, and RTC. Based on testing the Humidity Temperature Control Tool and Harvesting Monitoring on Arduino Uno-based Strawberry Plant Cultivation, it has functioned as expected. The DHT11 sensor is able to detect the air temperature in a device that is able to move / turn on the fan as a cooler so that the temperature temperature becomes low
SISTEM INFORMASI BIMBINGAN KONSELING DI SMKN 1 CIRUAS KABUPATEN SERANG
Authors: Widyawati Widyawati , Hendra Yul , Khairunnisa Nuni
Published: March 2022

The counseling at SMKN I Ciruas is a process of service to parents of students to control the deveIopment and activities of students in school. Along with the development of information technology, guidance and counseling services can also take advantage of existing media or information technology so that it can facilitate parental supervision of their children. Data collection techniques are carried out by interviewing, observing, reviewing documents and archives. To describe how this counseling guidance information system works, the Data Flow Diagram (DFD) method is used which is website-basead’ using the PHP programming language and the database used MySQL. The purpose of this system is designed to facilitate the process of student data collection, processing student data, archiving student data, and facilitate parental control of the behaviour and behaviour of each child in the school and provide information to the school about student counseling data. The proposed system is a computerized and online counseling guidance system so that parents can find out about violations that have been committed by their children at school
International Agency (USID) and Democratic Elections: A Prognosis to the Role of Security Personnels in Nigerian 2015 Elections
Authors:   Department of Political Science Education Godfrey Okoye University, Thinkers Corner Enugu, Onyeacholam Nwafor Alphonsus
Published: March 2022

This study examined the role of an international Agency (USAID) and Democratic Election; A Prognosis to the role of Security Personnel in Nigerian 2015 Elections. USAID and other international Agencies have relentlessly assisted both the emerging and consolidating democracies such as Nigeria, in conducting free and fair elections via provision of some forms of technical assistance so as to achieve credible elections and ensure improved governance but in spite of all these, events and happenings from developed democracies and across the globe have shown that the vitality of election security to the credibility of elections cannot be ignored because the conduct of free and fair elections to a large extent depend on the security system available in the country. This study anchored on Elite theory propounded by Paredo and Gaetano with descriptive qualitative method of data collection and Content analysis. It discovered that the fact that consistently undermined democratic consolidation in Nigeria is the varying degrees and measures of electoral violence so it therefore recommends that impartial and unbiased security agencies should be recruited for each election in order to prevent the reoccurrence of electoral violence during each election.
Pengaruh Motivasi dan Kedisplinan Kerja terhadap Prestasi Kerja Karyawan pada PT. Karyamitra Budisentosa Bagian Warehouse Pandaan Pasuruan
Authors: Indrawati Peni , Ismawanto Yahya Teguh
Published: March 2022

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of motivation and work discipline on employee performance. In this research, the respondents are employees who work at PT. Karyamitra Budisentosa in the Warehouse (department) with the number of employee personnel as many as 30 people and the research sample usedas many as 30 people. The data used in this study is primary dataobtained by distributing questionnaires to employees in theWarehouse PT. Karyamitra Budisentosa Pandaan Pasuruan. From the results of this study, the analytical technique used is multiple linear regression analysis using the F test hypothesis test and t test with a significance level of 5%. The test results prove that the variables of motivation and work discipline have a simultaneous and partial effect on the work performance of employees in the Warehouse section of PT. Karyamitra Budisentosa Pandaan with F count > F table value and tcount > t table value, while the motivation variable has a dominant effect on employee performance. Keywords: Motivation, Work Discipline and Work Achievement
Determinasi Knowledge Sharing Self-Efficacy, dan Kualitas Knowledge Sharing terhadap Employee Job Performance (Studi Pada PT. Aji Pangan Lestari)
Authors: Indrawati Peni
Published: March 2022

Disruption of digital technology that occurs as a result of the industrial revolution 4.0, demands development in various fields including the defense sector. The potential threats to the defense sector have extended even to the cybersecurity dimension. For this reason, it is necessary to develop information technology by involving stakeholders who have human resources with superior job performance. There are several factors that influence employee job performance in the defense sector, including the discussion on self-efficacy and knowledge sharing. Furthermore, this study aims to determine the effect of knowledge sharing self-efficacy and the quality of knowledge sharing on employee job performance. The research sample used is 45 employees of PT. Aji Pangan Lestari which is engaged in defense information technology. The data analysis method used is Partial Least Square using the SmartPLS 3.0 program. The results of the analysis show that the quality of knowledge sharing is largely determined by the knowledge sharing self-efficacy of employees. In addition, it is also concluded that knowledge sharing self-efficacy and the quality of knowledge sharing each have a significant effect on employee job performanceKeywords– knowledge sharing self-efficacy, quality of knowledge sharing, employee job performance
Peran Keinginan Keluar Sebagai Moderasi ; Pengaruh Komitmen dan Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) pada Asuransi Amanah
Authors: Djatola Hariyanto R. , Hilal Nur
Published: March 2022

Sumber daya yang dimiliki perusahaan sangatlah penting dalam memenangkan tingginya persaingan, terlebih terletak pada karyawan yang memiliki kompetensi menjadi sumber kekuatan perusahaan, maka penelitian ini ingin mengetahui komitmen dan kepuasan kerja  karyawan akan perusahaan tidak memiliki keinginan untuk berpindah ke perusahaan lain. Penelitian ini menggunak jenis penelitian dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian eksplanatori (Explanatory research) yang akan membuktikan hubungan sebab akibat antara variabel bebas yaitu variabel komitmen dan kepuasan kerja;  variabel moderasi yaitu keinginan untuk keluar;  dan variabel terikat (Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB).  Sumber data berupa data Primer yaitu data yang dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner serta studi dokumentasi yang berkaitan dengan penelitian ini.  Temuan dari hasil penelitian bahawa komitmen karyawan pada organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) memilki efek secara langsung akan tugas yang diberikan walaupun bukan tugas utama dan juga kepuasan karyawan akan apa yang berikan perusahaan memiliki efek pada organizational citizenship behavior (OCB. Peran keinginana untuk keluar perusahan bukan hanya diukur dari komitmen dan kepuasan karyawan, sesunggunya ada variabel lain yang memilki efek akan keluarnya atau pindah karyawan ke perusahaan lain.
Dürrenmatt et l’expérience philosophique
Authors: Gasser Peter
Published: March 2022

Dürrenmatt a été profondément marqué par la philosophie qu’il a étudiée à l’Université de Berne. Le présent article montre quelques aspects de cette influence, qui comprend non seulement des aspects épistémologiques (Platon et Kant) auxquels Dürrenmatt s’est dit fidèle tout au long de sa vie, mais aussi une approche de l’écriture axée sur la communication indirecte, à la suite du Kierkegaard du Postscriptum aux Miettes philosophiques, puisant souvent dans les contes et les mythes antiques pour en dégager la pertinence et l’actualité, contre toute visée systématisante et dogmatisante qui prétend se saisir de la vérité en soi.
Simenon et Kierkegaard, inspirateurs de La Promesse
Authors: Barilier Étienne
Published: March 2022

La donnée initiale de La Promesse est directement empruntée à Maigret tend un piège de Simenon. Mais cette histoire de piège cache une idée de sacrifice, chez Simenon lui-même, et bien plus encore chez Dürrenmatt. La Promesse apparaît alors comme une variation sur le récit du sacrifice d’Isaac tel que l’interprète Kierkegaard dans Crainte et tremblement. Le cœur de la méditation du philosophe danois, comme de la fiction de l’écrivain suisse, c’est l’absurde, qui pour Kierkegaard est salvateur, et donne son sens suprême au geste d’Abraham, alors qu’il est pour Dürrenmatt le non-sens même, vouant l’homme à craindre et trembler sans espoir d’apaisement.
Manejemen Anestesi pada Pasien G1P0A0 33-34 Minggu Kontraksi Prematur dengan Penyakit Jantung Kongenital Asimtomatik E.c VSD, Decompensasio Cordis Fc II, Hipertensi Pulmonal dan Skoliosis Thorakalis: Laporan Kasus
Authors: Arshanty Limawan Michaela , Ramila Hana Nur , Bisri Dewi Yulianti
Published: March 2022

Penyakit jantung bawaan (PJB) pada ibu hamil dapat meningkatkan morbiditas dan mortalitas. Penyakit jantung bawaan dengan skoliosis torakal dan kehamilan merupakan kasus dengan konsiderasi anestesi khusus. Kami melaporkan manajemen perioperatif ibu hamil dengan defek septum ventrikel, gagal jantung, hipertensi pulmonal, dan skoliosis torakalis yang menjalani seksio sesarea. Wanita usia 28 tahun hamil 33–34 minggu datang ke IGD dengan keluhan mulas dan sesak nafas. Pasien memiliki riwayat PJB dan tidak ada konsumsi obat rutin. Pasien akan menjalani operasi seksio sesarea dengan teknik anestesi regional epidural. Sebelum operasi dilakukan pemeriksaan ekokardiografi, perbaikan keadaan umum, dan pemberian terapi sildenafil 3x20 mg. Pada kasus ini dilakukan anestesi neuraksial dengan teknik epidural karena penggunaan anestesi lokal dengan titrasi opioid memiliki efek analgesia yang kuat, sehingga dapat menekan pelepasan katekolamin. Teknik neuraksial juga menurunkan afterload, karena kondisi ini menguntungkan pada pasien dengan lesi regurgitasi jantung atau aliran jantung kiri ke kanan. Anestesi epidural dengan pemantauan kardiovaskular yang cermat merupakan pendekatan yang tepat pada pasien ventricular septal defek (VSD). Penggunaan anestesi epidural lebih fleksibel serta mudah untuk mengatur hemodinamik sehingga lebih dipilih oleh ahli anestesi. Teknik epidural memiliki resiko anestesi yang relatif lebih mudah dikendalikan dibandingkan anestesi umum atau spinal.
Analisis Tingkat Kognitif Soal Uji Kompetensi Pada Buku Teks Matematika Kelas VII Terbitan Kemendikbud Revisi 2017 Berdasarkan Taksonomi Bloom Revisi
Authors: Wahyuni Tri , Yensy Nurul Astuty , Irsal Nur aliyyah
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan sebaran tingkat kognitif soal Uji Kompetensi materi perbandingan dan Aritmatika Sosial pada buku teks matematika kelas VII terbitan kemendikbud revisi 2017 berdasarkan taksonomi bloom revisi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif. sumber data penelitian pada penelitian ini adalah soal Uji Kompetensi materi perbandingan dan Aritmatika Sosial pada buku teks matematika kelas VII terbitan kemendikbud revisi 2017. Instrument dalam penelitian ini adalah lembar klasifikasi tingkat kognitif soal oleh peneliti,lembar analisis tingkat kognitif soal oleh teman sejawat dan lembar kesesuaian tingkat kognitif soal oleh peneiti dan teman sejawat. Metode pengumpulan data yang diguakan adalah metode dokumentasi dan observasi. Soal Uji kompetensi yang dianalisis untuk bab perbandingan berjumlah 45 pertanyaan dan pada bab aritmatika sosial berjumlah 34 pertanyaan. Pada bab perbandingan memiliki tingkat kognitif memahami (C2) sebanyak 9 pertanyaan (20%), mengaplikasikan (C3) sebanyak 27 pertanyaan (60%),menganalisis (C4) sebanyak 7 pertanyaan (15,6%) dan mengevaluasi (C5) sebanyak 2 pertanyaan (4,4%) ,serta tidak adanya tingkat kognitif mengingat (C1) dan mencipta (C6). Sedangkan soal uji kompetensi pada bab aritmatika sosial memiliki tingkat kognitif mengaplikasikan(C3) sebanyak 25 pertanyaan (73,5%) dan menganalisis (C4) sebanyak 9 pertanyaan (26,5%), serta tidak danya tingkat kognitif mengingat (C1),memahami (C2),mengevaluasi (C5) dan mencipta (C6).

Kata kunci : Buku Teks Matematika,Tingkat Kognitif Soal,Uji Kompetensi
Understanding the Factors Affecting the Small and Medium Enterprises Adoption of Cloud computing: A Literature Review
Authors: Nguyen Giang Thi , Liaw Shu-Yi
Published: March 2022

Cloud computing is increasingly popular and brings many benefits to organizations. However, the adoption of cloud computing (CC) is influenced by many different factors. The current study is based on the Technology-Environment-Organization (TOE) framework to discover the influencing factors in the decision to adopt CC in SMEs. Quantitative methods have been used to analyze relevant articles. The findings of this study suggest that 28 factors influence the decision to adopt CC in SMEs. Moreover, top management support, technology readiness, security concern, and relative advantage have a stronger impact on CC adoption in SMEs. The findings of this study add to the present CC literature and help practitioners better comprehend the elements that drive CC adoption. As a result, they can develop a clear strategy for enhancing CC adoption in their enterprises
Development of a Statistical Reliability-Based Model for the Estimation and Optimization of a Spur Gear System
Authors: Aikhuele Daniel
Published: March 2022

In this paper, a statistical model which is based on the stress-strength theorem, has been proposed for the estimation and optimization of spur gear systems embedded (running) in a mechanical device. First the model is used for the estimation of the variation of the bending stress and the contact pressure distribution in the spur gear systems, which several studies have confirm as the main source of failure (failure modes) in the spur gear system. The optimal variation values of the stress and strength distribution as well as the reliability of the spur gear systems are then determined, via a statistical reliability analysis method embedded in model, which is otherwise refers to as the proactive approach. The proactive approach is apply mainly to evaluate and predict the system failures. The computational results from the analysis shows that, the higher the stress distribution function, the lower the reliability of the spur gear system. Also, with a distributed strength functions of 696.3MPa and a mean value of 100MPa of the spur gear system, the optimal stress values is between the range 0 to 369.5MPa.
 
Received: 4 January 2022 | Revised: 11 March 2022 | Accepted: 16 March 2022
 
Conflicts of Interest
The author declares that he has no conflicts of interest to this work.
The Effect of Covid-19 Knowledge Level of Health Professionals on Social Closeness and Risk Avoidance Behaviors During The Pandemic
Authors: Tosun Nurperihan , Yalman Fuat
Published: March 2022

Healthcare professionals struggle with disease on the front lines by risking their lives in all pandemics. The main purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the COVID-19 knowledge level of employees on social closeness and risk avoidance behaviors during the pandemic. A hospital-based cross-sectional research design was used in the study. The research universe consisted of all healthcare professionals of two public hospitals providing secondary care in Ankara. The convenience sampling method was preferred in the survey. The total number of questionnaires evaluated and used to analyze the data is 521. It has been determined that the direct causal effect of the COVID-19 knowledge level of health professionals on risk avoidance behaviors is positive and 0.29 units. In comparison, the direct causal effect on the social closeness behaviors is positive and 0.17 units. In addition, a significant relationship was found between female gender and risk avoidance behavior. The level of knowledge experienced among healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 epidemic increases their tendency to show risk avoidance and social closeness behaviors.
Sağlık Harcamaları ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi: MIST Ülkeleri Üzerine Uygulamalı Bir Çalışma
Authors: BİROL Yunus Emre , DEMİRGİL Bünyamin
Published: March 2022

Beşeri sermayenin önemli bir unsuru olan sağlık harcamaları kısa dönemde cari nitelikli bir harcama iken uzun dönemde beşeri sermaye stokunu artırdığından yatırım harcaması niteliğindedir. Sağlık harcamaları bir yandan toplum sağlığını diğer yandan beşeri sermaye düzeyini etkilemektedir. Ayrıca sağlık harcamalarının ekonomik büyümeye katkı sağlaması beklenmektedir. Bu nedenle son yıllarda literatürde ekonomik büyüme üzerinde sağlık harcamalarının etkisinin belirlenmesine yönelik çalışmalar artış göstermiştir. Bu kapsamda çalışmada MIST ülkeleri olarak nitelendirilen Meksika, Endonezya, Güney Kore ve Türkiye’nin 2000-2018 dönemi için yıllık verileri kullanılarak sağlık harcamaları ekonomik büyüme ilişkisi panel eşbütünleşme ve panel nedensellik testleri ile araştırılmıştır. Eşbütünleşme test sonucunda değişkenler arasında uzun dönemli bir eşbütünleşme ilişkisi tespit edilmiştir. Eşbütünleşme katsayı tahmin sonucuna göre sağlık harcamaları ekonomik büyümeyi pozitif yönde etkilemektedir. Nedensellik testine göre değişkenler arasında kısa dönemde ekonomik büyümeden sağlık harcamalarına doğru tek yönlü, uzun dönemde sağlık harcamaları ile ekonomik büyüme arasında çift yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi bulunmaktadır. Genel olarak sonuçlar literatürdeki çalışmaların çoğunluğu ile benzeşmekte ve sağlığa dayalı büyüme hipotezini desteklemektedir.
Significance of Supernatural Creatures in Hindu Mythology
Authors: Dr. Sreekala P. S.  , Dr. V. N. Chandrika
Published: March 2022

Supernaturalism is perhaps the broadest classification of religious practices encompassing any belief system dealing with supernatural forces. Supernaturalism asserts the existence of forces beyond human comprehension that frequently interfere for better or worse in human affairs.
Some supernatural creatures have good aspect which is related to Divine Beings usually called Gods and Goddesses. There are also Demigods. Some others have evil aspect. They are ghosts, demons and vampires. All these supernatural creatures never fade from popular awareness. Even though their form may vary, they seem to be embedded in our consciousness. They appear repeatedly in literature around the world, in movies, advertisements, video games and modern books.
Sreemad Bhagavatham is considered to be one of the Mahapuranic texts of Hindu literature. It consists of many stories renowned in Hindu tradition. It focuses on the incarnations of Lord Vishnu particularly human form. ie Sreekrishna , who established the rule of dharma and moral order through his several supernatural incarnations. Supernatural deeds of Lord Krishna in Sreemad Bhagavatham teach us to live in harmony with nature to keep ecological balance.
Education and Support Interventions for Caregivers of Persons With Stroke (January 1, 1999–December 31, 2019)
Authors: Mack Amanda , Hildebrand Mary
Published: March 2022

Systematic Review Briefs provide a summary of the findings from systematic reviews developed in conjunction with the American Occupational Therapy Association’s Evidence-Based Practice Program. Each Systematic Review Brief summarizes the evidence on a theme related to a systematic review topic. This Systematic Review Brief presents findings from a systematic review on stroke and education and support interventions for caregivers of people with stroke.
PENYULUHAN BAGI MAHASISWA STIKES SUAKA INSAN TERKAIT EXERCISE YANG MUDAH DILAKUKAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEBUGARAN FISIK
Authors: Novita Leluni Kristina , Kusumawati Ninuk
Published: March 2022

Olahraga teratur dapat membantu menjaga kesehatan dan kebugaran seseorang sehingga daya tahantubuh tetap kuat. Akan tetapi, Selama pandemi COVID-19 semua orang yang berisiko tinggi terhadapinfeksi virus dibatasi untuk melakukan aktifitas di luar rumah, sehingga menurunkan aktifitas fisikmereka salah satunya adalah pada kelompok mahasiswa. Demi menghindari penurunan aktifitas fisikdan kebugaran fisik pada kelompok mahasiswa, maka perlu dilakukan peningkatan pengetahuan danketerampilan untuk melakukan exercise yang mudah dilakukan dirumah selama menjalani PPKM(Pembelakuan Pembatasan Kegiatan Masyarakat). Metode yang dilakukan adalah dengan ceramah,tanya jawab dan demonstrasi. Hasil yang didapatkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan dari 29% padakategori kurang dan 71% pada kategori sedang pada hasil pre test menjadi 5% pada kategori sedang dan95% pada kategori baik pada hasil post test. Metode ceramah dan tanya jawab tepat digunakan dalammeningkatkan pengetahuan kelompok sasaran karena mudah, tidak memerlukan peralatan yang banyakdan garis komando selama penyuluhan dilaksanakan. Bertambahnya pegetahuan diharapkan dapatmembantu menumbuhkan kesadaran kelompok sasaran untuk berperilaku sehat dengan melakukanexercise yang mudah dapat dilakukan rumah dalam upaya mempertahankan dan meningkatkankebugaran fisik selama masa pandemi.
Peran Kepala Sekolah dalam Menciptakan Mutu Pembelajaran pada Masa Covid 19
Authors: Ana Siti , Alamsah Muh. , Safitri Apriani
Published: March 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan tentang peran kepala  sekolah dalam menciptakan mutu pembelajaran pada  masa covid 19  di SMA Muhammadiyah Kendari.  Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Informan atau responden dalam penelitian ini adalah kepala sekolah dan 5 orang guru dan 5 orang siswa sebagai informan pendukung. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi.  teknik analisis data mencakup pengumpulan data,  reduksi data  dan penyajian data serta penarikan kesimpulan atau verifikasi. Triangulasi data dilakukan melalui triangulasi sumber, metode dan juga triangulasi teori. Hasil Penelitian ditemukan bahwa beberapa peran kepala sekolah SMA Muhammadiyah Kendari dalam menciptakan kualitas pembelajaran di masa pandemi covid 19 mencakup: 1) kepala sekolah mengarahkan para guru menggunakan platform pembelajaran yang mudah, praktis dan hemat melalui classroom, whatsapp group dan google metting, 2) kepala sekolah memberikan bimbingan teknis kepada para guru tentang pelaksanaan pembejaran di masa pandemik melalui zoom meeting, 3) peran kepala sekolah dalam membangun komunikasi intensif dengan para guru dan orang tua siswa melalui watsapp group,  4) peran kepala sekolah dalam menjadi teladan bagi semua warga sekolah, dan 5) kepala sekolah dalam meringankan beban ekonomi warga sekolah dan orang tua siswa melalui bantuan pemberian paket data.
Further Interpretation Study on the Term of “Reference” in VIM 3
Authors:   Center for Measurement Standards/ITRI, Chow Lung-Hen , Chen Yi-Ting
Published: March 2022

This paper focuses the study on different measuring (or calibration) systems during the process of metrological traceability, due to the different characteristics between the base quantity and derived quantity of the target parameter (or measurand), leading to that representation of the "measurement standard” can not be clearly and consistently made statement. The author will refer to VIM 3 (ISO / IEC Guide 99-2007) for the term of “reference”, using several practical cases of measuring (or calibration) systems related to the measurand of both base quantity and derived quantity, to further interpret and analyze such issue of metrological traceability and calibration hierarchy in terms of measurement standard. In detail, this paper discloses a newly established process for drawing the metrological traceability diagram at National Measurement Laboratory (NML, Chinese Taipei) which includes seven steps, starting from identifying the “measurand” of the expected “measurement result”, then the “reference”, which traditionally would be “measurement standard”, the “measuring system”, the measured “quantity kinds” and “quantity values” of the system, the developed “measurement model (or equation)”, finally the “reference” of the measurement result in each calibration traceable to the “measurand” of the measurement result in the previous calibration of the higher hierarchy. Such new representation of the metrological traceability diagram combines a newly mathematical approach with the conventionally schematic approach to realize the practical interpretation of “metrological traceability” to show how the unbroken calibration chain is functioning seamless and robust on each measurement system in NML.
Embracing the Maverick: The Evolution of President Donald Trump’s Management of Foreign Policy-Making
Authors: da Vinha Luis , Dutton Anthony
Published: March 2022

Research on the American presidency reveals that all presidential advisory systems follow a similar pattern of change over time from standard, formal interagency structures to informal structures in which decisions are made outside the traditional interagency processes. We employ a longitudinal comparative case design to analyze the dynamics of the Trump administration’s foreign policy-making to explain how Trump’s management of foreign policy decision-making evolved over his tenure in office. By using a focused-structured comparison to analyze five foreign policy case studies, we argue that Trump confirms the main tenets of the evolution model of presidential policy-making which claims that, over time, presidents increasingly rely on informal and ad hoc decision-making structures and processes. However, rather than adopt structures and processes that assured a broad deliberation of options, Trump increasingly sought information and policy options that confirmed his pre-existing beliefs or preferences, replacing individuals in his administration who challenged his views and consolidating the decades-long trend of the personalization of foreign policy decision-making in the hands of the president.
UPAYA PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN TEKNIK DASAR SERVIS BULU TANGKIS MENGGUNAKAN METODE MODELING PADA SISWA KELAS IX SMP NEGERI 19 KABUPATEN TEBO TAHUN PELAJARAN 2019/2020
Authors: HAMZAH HAMZAH
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study was to improve skills in basic badminton service techniques using the modeling method for class IX students of SMP Negeri 19 Tebo Regency in the odd semester of the 2019/2020 school year. The research was carried out at the location of SMP Negeri 19 Tebo Regency, which is located at Jalan Padang Lama, Tanjung Village, District VII Koto, Tebo Regency, Jambi Province. The sample in this study was the class that got the lowest score from the entire population (purposive sampling), namely Class IX-B students of SMP Negeri 19 Tebo Regency in the odd semester of the 2019/2020 academic year with a total sample of 32 students. The method used in this study is the Classroom Action Research (CAR) method, with the stages in the form of cycles in learning. The data obtained from student learning outcomes are presented in tabular form using a predetermined formula. In accordance with the Minimum Completeness Criteria (KKM) for physical education subjects at the junior high school level, the learning outcomes have been quite good. Of the 32 students, 29 students (90.63%) have mastered learning, only 3 students (9.37%) have not mastered learning. With the average grade obtained 85 (Completed).
ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan keterampilan pada teknik dasar servis bulu tangkis dengan menggunakan metode modeling pada siswa kelas IX SMP Negeri 19 Kabupaten Tebo semester ganjil tahun ajaran 2019/2020. Pelaksanaan penelitian dilaksanakan di lokasi SMP Negeri 19 Kabupaten Tebo yang beralamat di Jalan Padang Lama, Desa Tanjung, Kecamatan VII Koto, Kabupaten Tebo Provinsi Jambi. sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah kelas yang mendapatkan nilai terendah dari seluruh populasi (purposive sampling), yaitu siswa Kelas IX-B SMP Negeri 19 Kabupaten Tebo semester ganjil tahun ajaran 2019/2020 dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 32 orang siswa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK), dengan adanya tahapan-tahapan berupa siklus dalam pembelajarannya. Data yang diperoleh dari hasil belajar siswa dipaparkan dalam bentuk tabel dengan menggunakan rumus yang telah ditetapkan. Sesuai dengan buku Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM) mata pelajaran penjas tingkat SMP, hasil belajar telah cukup baik. Dari 32 siswa sudah 29 siswa (90.63%) yang sudah memiliki ketuntasan belajar, hanya 3 orang siswa (9,37%) siswa yang belum memiliki ketuntasan dalam belajar. Dengan nilai rata-rata kelas yang diperoleh 85 (Tuntas).
La connaissance de l’histoire géologique des volcans : un préalable indispensable à leur surveillance
Authors: BACHÈLERY Patrick
Published: March 2022

Avant d'entreprendre la surveillance instrumentale d'un volcan, il est indispensable de disposer de connaissances sur son comportement passé et sur ses structures éruptives et volcano-tectoniques. Ceci permet de concevoir des réseaux de surveillance optimums. Ce chapitre illustre avec des exemples célèbres (Mont St. Helens, Piton de la Fournaise …) comment on procède pour décrypter l'activité passée des volcans et caractériser leurs aléas.
Surveillance des volcans par télédétection spatiale
Authors: GOUHIER Mathieu
Published: March 2022

Depuis les années 1980, l’avènement des techniques de télédétection spatiales a permis une amélioration notable de la détection et du suivi des éruptions volcaniques. C'est un domaine en fort évolution, avec le développement de nouveaux capteurs et l'amélioration des résolutions spectrales et spatiales ainsi que temporelles. On utilise soit des capteurs passifs (visible, UV et IR), soit des capteurs actifs (radar, lidar). On surveille les anomalies thermiques, les écoulements, les panaches de cendres et certains gaz. Ce chapitre décrit à la fois les principes des méthodes et leurs applications à la surveillance opérationnelle.
Surveillance des fluides volcaniques
Authors: MOUNE Séverine , ROULLEAU Émilie
Published: March 2022

Le dégazage magmatique est l’une des principales manifestations de l’activité volcanique, avec des effets sur l'atmosphère terrestre. C'est un phénomène complexe car il dépend de la composition des magmas et de la solubilité des différentes espèces de gaz. La surveillance des gaz apporte des informations sur les systèmes magmatiques en profondeur et sur leur évolution. Ce chapitre décrit la composition, le comportement et les méthodes d'étude et de surveillance des gaz volcaniques.
Secondary aerosol formation in marine Arctic environments: A model measurement comparison at Ny-Ålesund
Authors: Xavier Carlton , Baykara Metin , Wollesen de Jonge Robin , Altstädter Barbara , Clusius Petri , Vakkari Ville , Thakur Roseline , Beck Lisa , Becagli Silvia , Severi Mirko , Traversi Rita , Wehner Birgit , Sipilä Mikko , Kulmala Markku , Boy Michael , Roldin Pontus
Published: March 2022

Abstract. In this study, we modeled the aerosol particle formation along air mass trajectories arriving at the remote Arctic research stations Gruvebadet (67 m a.s.l) and Zeppelin (474 m a.s.l), Ny-Ålesund during May 2018. The aim of this study was to improve our understanding of processes governing secondary aerosol formation in remote Arctic marine environments. We run the Lagrangian chemistry transport model ADCHEM, along air mass trajectories generated with FLEXPART v10.4. The air masses arriving at Ny-Ålesund spend most of their time over the open ice-free ocean. In order to capture the secondary aerosol formation from the DMS emitted by phytoplankton on the ocean surface, we implemented a recently developed comprehensive DMS and halogen multi-phase oxidation chemistry scheme, coupled with the widely used Master Chemical Mechanism (MCM). The modeled median particle number size distributions are in close agreement with the observations in the marine influenced boundary layer at near sea surface Gruvebadet site. However, while the model reproduces the accumulation mode particle number concentrations at Zeppelin, it overestimates the Aitken mode particle number concentrations by a factor of ~5.5. We attribute this to the deficiency of the model to capture the complex orographic effects on the boundary layer dynamics at Ny-Ålesund. The model also reproduces the average vertical particle number concentration profiles within the boundary layer (0–600 m a.s.l.) above Gruvebadet, as measured with Condensation Particle Counters (CPCs) on board an Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS). The model successfully reproduces the observed Hoppel minima, often seen in particle number size distributions at Ny-Ålesund. The model also supports the previous experimental findings that ion mediated H2SO4-NH3 nucleation can explain the observed new particle formation in the marine Arctic boundary layer in the vicinity of Ny-Ålesund. Precursors resulting from gas and aqueous phase DMS chemistry contribute to the subsequent growth of the secondary aerosols. The growth of particles is primarily driven via H2SO4 condensation and formation of methane sulfonic acid (MSA) through the aqueous-phase ozonolysis of methane sulfinic acid (MSIA) in cloud and deliquescent droplets.
Far-ultraviolet airglow remote sensing measurements on Feng Yun 3-D meteorological satellite
Authors: Wang Yungang , Fu Liping , Jiang Fang , Hu Xiuqing , Liu Chengbao , Zhang Xiaoxin , Li Jiawei , Ren Zhipeng , He Fei , Sun Lingfeng , Sun Ling , Yang Zhongdong , Zhang Peng , Wang Jingsong , Mao Tian
Published: March 2022

Abstract. The Ionospheric Photometer (IPM) is carried on the Feng
Yun 3-D (FY3D) meteorological satellite, which allows for the measurement of
far-ultraviolet (FUV) airglow radiation in the thermosphere. IPM is a
compact and high-sensitivity nadir-viewing FUV remote sensing instrument. It
monitors 135.6 nm emission in the nightside thermosphere and 135.6 nm and
N2 Lyman–Birge–Hopfield (LBH) emissions in the dayside thermosphere that can be used to
invert the peak electron density of the F2 layer (NmF2) at night
and the O/N2 ratio in the daytime, respectively. Preliminary observations
show that the IPM could monitor the global structure of the equatorial
ionization anomaly (EIA) structure around 02:00 LT using atomic oxygen (OI) 135.6 nm
nightglow. It could also identify the reduction of O/N2 in the
high-latitude region during the geomagnetic storm of 26 August 2018. The
IPM-derived NmF2 agrees well with that observed by four ionosonde stations
along 120∘ E with a standard deviation of 26.67 %. Initial
results demonstrate that the performance of IPM meets the design
requirements and therefore can be used to study the thermosphere and
ionosphere in the future.
Technical Note: Tail behaviour of the statistical distribution of extreme storm surges
Authors: Howard Tom
Published: March 2022

Abstract. The tail behaviour of the statistical distribution of extreme storm surges is conveniently described by a return level plot, consisting of water level (Y-axis) against average recurrence interval on a logarithmic scale (X-axis). An average recurrence interval is often referred to as a “return period”. Hunter’s allowance for sea-level rise gives a suggested amount by which to raise coastal defences in order to maintain the current level of flood risk, given an uncertain projection of future mean sea level rise. The allowance is most readily evaluated by assuming that sea-level annual maxima follow a Gumbel distribution, and the evaluation is awkward if we use a generalised extreme value (GEV) fit. When we use a Gumbel fit, we are effectively assuming that the return level plot is a straight line. In other words, the shape parameter, which describes the curvature of the return level plot, is zero. On the other hand, coastal asset managers may need an estimate of the return period of unprecedented events even under current mean sea levels. For this purpose, curvature of the return level plot is usually accommodated by allowing a non-zero shape parameter whilst extrapolating the return level plot beyond the observations, using some kind of fit to observed extreme values (for example, a GEV fit to annual maxima). This might seem like a conflict: which approach is “correct”? Here I present evidence that the shape parameter varies around the coast of the UK, and is consequently not zero. Despite this, I argue that there is no conflict: a suitably-constrained non-zero-shape fit is appropriate for extrapolation and a Gumbel fit is appropriate for evaluation of Hunter’s allowance.
The Pheasant’s Call and the Sound of Sympathy
Authors: Mewhinney Matthew
Published: March 2022

This article examines how literati poet-painter Yosa Buson (1716-1783) composed an elegy that transforms the conventional trope of the pheasant as a figure for representing grief and grieving and Confucian moral and social values.  I argue that Buson forges a new poetic form, representing feelings of grief and the process of grieving, mourning, and longing through the conventional trope of the pheasant.  At the same time, Buson makes the pheasant an object of empirical representation, allowing the sound of the pheasant’s call to reverberate through the rhythm and repetition of poetic form. This reverberation sets into motion multiple lyric events where the poet simultaneously expresses his grief, mourns the deceased, and summons the dead by performing an incantation that enlists the reader to sympathize with the bird and the poet.  I show how Buson’s representation of the pheasant is conventional by exploring its allusions to Chinese and Japanese poems that represent the pheasant.  I also show how Buson’s poem and representation of the pheasant are products of his present moment in the late eighteenth century, examining how his elegy is informed by late imperial Chinese lyricism, scientific empiricism, philology and the theory of mono no aware (“to sympathize or empathize with the feelings of others”) in kokugaku (Native Studies).  The article contends that Buson’s conventional and innovative representation of the pheasant’s call affords the ancient verb toyomu (to reverberate) a new form, mediating sympathy through the reverberation of sound in poetic form.
From Form to Spirit: Infusing Chinese Elements in Haikai
Authors: Xie Kai
Published: March 2022

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Front Matter and TOC
Authors: Nara Hiroshi
Published: March 2022

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Beyond Performing Ethnicity
Authors: Mori Junko
Published: March 2022

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Hold Your Head High
Authors: Suzuki Satoko
Published: March 2022

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A Story of an Associate Dean in Higher Education in Uncertain and Challenging Times
Authors: Kondo-Brown Kimi
Published: March 2022

This essay tells my story of being an associate dean at the University of Hawai'i at Mānoa during uncertain and challenging times. Triumphs are rare in administrative work, but there were some incremental successes that have given me a sense of accomplishment as a leader. It discusses some of those accomplishments and challenges. It also tells my experience of transition from a department faculty position to an administrative position. It concludes with advice for those who are currently considering a managerial or executive administrative position beyond your home department.
NAVIGATING A DISCIPLINARY CHASM: THE STATISTICAL PERSPECTIVES OF GRADUATE TEACHING ASSISTANTS
Authors: FINDLEY KELLY
Published: March 2022

Graduate Teaching Assistants (GTAs) carry a substantial instructional role in introductory courses for many mathematics and statistics departments. As a result, many GTAs have first-hand influence on the initial statistical impressions of students from a range of disciplines. But as simultaneous learners of the discipline themselves, GTAs in statistics are still forming their conceptions of statistics and statistics instruction. Using multiple case study design, I conducted a longitudinal study with four, first-year statistics GTAs aimed at capturing their experiences and notions related to statistics. This paper highlights several important disciplinary perspectives and tensions expressed by the GTAs. In addition to examining their disciplinary notions, I also discuss noteworthy connections between the participants’ statistical perspectives and their pedagogical views for introductory statistics. Findings reveal that the participants struggled to reconcile how authentic statistical practice could be translated into the introductory curriculum. Implications for GTA training are discussed.
Monitoring, Supervision and the Use of Accounting Ratios: A Study Within the Irish Credit Union Movement
Authors: Hyndman Noel , McKillop Donal
Published: March 2022

Credit unions are member-owned, voluntary, self-help, democratic, not-for profit institutions that provide financial services to their members. They have both economic and social goals. Over this last two decades they have achieved remarkable growth levels and currently there are over 600 such organisations in Ireland, with approximately half of the population of Ireland belonging to a credit union. However, identified weaknesses in both accountability and management control have the potential to reduce confidence in the sector and undermine its growth. To counter this, a number of changes in the monitoring and supervision of the sector in Ireland, including all increasing use of accounting ratio information, have been implemented since 2003. This paper explores these changes and, through a series of interviews with key stakeholders (regulators, trade associations and credit union representatives), examines the impact of one accounting ratio scheme (the PEARLS system) both on monitoring and supervision and on decision making in the credit union sector. Overall, the research points to a sector where the expectations by regulators relating to accounting ratios have been unfulfilled and the use of such ratios by individual credit unions has been limited. In addition, it points to a sector where the roles of the “key actors” concerned with monitoring and supervision are somewhat in dispute. The research also suggests that if better decision making within credit unions is to be achieved through the provision of accounting ratio information, then education and support of individual credit unions is required.
Preliminary Findings on ABC Adoption in Canadian Hospitals: Reasons for Low Rates of Adoption
Authors: Eden Ron , Lay Colin , Maingot Michael
Published: March 2022

Activity based costing (ABC) can be traced to the years before the Second World War, but its popularity in recent years has been widespread following the Johnson and Kaplan (1987) article. Both teaching and practice have been impacted by the extensive research and literature in this area. However, it is evident that there has not yet been widespread successful implementation of ABC. Adoption rates have been lower than expected given the potential advantages of using ABC suggested by leading academics and professional organisations around the world. We found through initial surveys that there are low rates of adoption of ABC in hospitals in Ontario. Since hospitals are under severe budgetary pressures, have a high variety and complexity of cases and a high level of shared resources, we would expect more adoption of ABC. We use the approach suggested by Scapens (1990) to ascertain the determinants of this low level of adoption. Our studies focus on four hospitals in Ontario, Canada, using surveys and interviews. Our preliminary findings are that the application of social theory, as suggested by Scapens (1990), provides useful explanations for the low ABC adoption rates in hospital care in Canada.
Independent Non-Executive Directors and Earnings Management in the UK
Authors: Mulgrew Mark , Forker John
Published: March 2022

This paper examines the association between opportunistic income increasing earnings management and corporate governance in UK firms with a particular focus on the independence of non-executive directors on the board and audit committee. Novel features of our study are the development of a specific accruals methodology to measure opportunistic earnings management based on insights from financial statement analysis and the construction of a comprehensive profile of director independence based on information disclosed in financial statements. Our measure of earnings management is not associated with non-executive director independence or share ownership, but it is significantly associated with the role and equity ownership of the chief executive officer.