bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Climate-driven biogenic emissions alleviate the impact of man-made emission reduction on O3 control in Pearl River Delta region, southern China
Authors: Wang Nan , Liu Song , Xu Jiawei , Wang Yanyu , Li Chun , Lu Hua , Yang Fumo
Published: January 2025

Abstract. O3 concentrations in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) during summer are typically low and often overlooked. However, integrated observational data reveal a consistent increase in summer O3 levels over recent decades (+0.96 ppb/year), contradicting China's efforts to reduce anthropogenic emissions. Our dynamically calculated natural emissions show that biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions in the region significantly increased between 2001 and 2020, primarily due to climate change and alterations in vegetation cover, with climate-driven BVOC emissions accounting for approximately 80 % of the increase. Furthermore, parallel simulations using the WRF-CMAQ model indicate that climate-driven BVOC emissions, by enhancing atmospheric oxidative capacity and accelerating O3 formation, have weakened or even offset the benefits of anthropogenic emission reductions, contributing 6.2 ppb to O3 formation and leading to an unexpected rise in O3 levels. This study enhances our understanding of the mechanisms behind natural emissions in urban O3 formation under climate change and provides insights for future O3 pollution control strategies.
Increased Intensity and Frequency of Global Coastal Compound Wind and Precipitation Extremes: Implications for Sea Level Anomalies
Authors: Zhang Xinlong , Fang Jiayi , Qin Yue , Wang Weiping , Shen Ping
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Coastal flooding and damage can result from compound extremes of wind and precipitation that elevate sea level anomalies. However, the global patterns and impacts of such conditions are poorly understood. Here we analyze observational and model data to reveal a positive correlation between wind and precipitation extremes across most of the global coastline, especially at higher latitudes. We also show that these variables exhibit stronger dependence on higher quantiles, indicating more frequent and severe compound conditions. Moreover, we demonstrate that sea level anomalies are enhanced during compound conditions compared to normal conditions, implying increased coastal flooding risk. We project that both the intensity and frequency of compound conditions will rise in 2020–2100 compared to 1940–2014 under two emission scenarios, with larger changes at high latitudes. Our findings highlight the need for assessing and managing the risks and impacts of compound extremes on coastal communities and infrastructure.
Observation-based temperature and freshwater noise over the Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Boot Amber A. , Dijkstra Henk A.
Published: January 2025

Abstract. The ocean is forced at the surface by a heat flux and freshwater flux field from the atmosphere. Short-timescale variability in these fluxes, i.e., noise, can influence long-term ocean variability and might even affect the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC). Often this noise is assumed to be Gaussian, but detailed analyses of its statistics appear to be lacking. Here we study the noise characteristics in reanalysis data for two fields that are commonly used to force ocean-only models: evaporation minus precipitation and 2 m air temperature. We construct several noise models for both fields, and a pointwise normal inverse Gaussian distribution model gives the best performance. An analysis of CMIP6 models shows that these models do a reasonable job at representing the standard deviation and skewness of the noise, but the excess kurtosis is more difficult to capture. The pointwise noise model performs better than the CMIP6 models and can be used as forcing in ocean-only models to study, for example, noise-induced transitions of the AMOC.
SDUST2023BCO: a global seafloor model determined from a multi-layer perceptron neural network using multi-source differential marine geodetic data
Authors: Zhou Shuai , Guo Jinyun , Zhang Huiying , Jia Yongjun , Sun Heping , Liu Xin , An Dechao
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Seafloor topography, as a fundamental marine spatial geographic information, plays a vital role in marine observation and science research. With the growing demand for high-precision bathymetric models, a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) neural network is used to integrate multi-source marine geodetic data in this paper. A new bathymetric model of the global ocean, spanning 180° E–180° W and 80° S–80° N, known as the Shandong University of Science and Technology 2023 Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (SDUST2023BCO), has been constructed, with a grid size of 1′ × 1′. The multi-source marine geodetic data used include gravity anomaly data released by the Shandong University of Science and Technology, the vertical gravity gradient and the vertical deflection data released by the Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO), and the mean dynamic topography data released by Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). First, input and output data are organized from the multi-source marine geodetic data to train the MLP model. Second, the input data at interesting points are fed into the MLP model to obtain prediction bathymetry. Finally, a high-precision bathymetric model with a resolution of 1′ × 1′ has been constructed for the global marine area. The validity and reliability of the SDUST2023BCO model are evaluated by comparing with shipborne single-beam bathymetric data and GEBCO_2023 and topo_25.1 models. The results demonstrate that the SDUST2023BCO model is accurate and reliable, effectively capturing and reflecting global marine bathymetric information. The SDUST2023BCO model is available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13341896 (Zhou et al., 2024).
Revealing joint evolutions and causal interactions in complex ecohydrological systems by a network-based framework
Authors: Wang Lu , Gu Haiting , Liu Li , Liang Xiao , Chen Siwei , Xu Yue-Ping
Published: January 2025

Abstract. There is evidence that climate change and human activities are changing ecohydrological systems, yet the complex relationships among ecological (normalized difference vegetation index, gross primary productivity, and water use efficiency) and hydrological variables (runoff, soil water storage, groundwater storage, etc.) remain understudied. This study develops a novel framework based on network analysis alongside satellite data and in situ observations to delineate the joint evolutions (phenomena) and causal interactions (mechanisms) in complex systems. The former employs correlations, and the latter uses physically constrained causality analysis to construct network relationships. This framework is applied to the Yellow River basin, a region undergoing profound ecohydrological changes. Results suggest that joint evolutions are controlled by compound drivers and direct causality. Different types of network relationships are found – namely, joint evolution with weak causality, joint evolution with high causality, and asynchronous evolution with high causality. The upstream alpine subregions, for example, where the ecological subsystem is more influenced by temperature, while the hydrological one is more driven by precipitation, show relatively high synchronization but with weak and lagged causality between two subsystems. On the other hand, ecohydrological causality can be masked by intensive human activities (revegetation, water withdrawals, and reservoir regulation), leading to distinct evolution trends. Other mechanisms can also be deduced. Reductions in water use efficiency in the growing season are directly caused by the control of evapotranspiration, and the strength of control decreases with the greening land surface in some subregions. Overall, the proposed framework provides useful insight into the complex interactions within the ecohydrological systems for the Yellow River basin and has applicability to broader geographical contexts.
Impacts from cascading multi-hazards using hypergraphs: a case study from the 2015 Gorkha earthquake in Nepal
Authors: Dunant Alexandre , Robinson Tom R. , Densmore Alexander L. , Rosser Nick J. , Rajbhandari Ragindra Man , Kincey Mark , Li Sihan , Awasthi Prem Raj , Van Wyk de Vries Max , Guragain Ramesh , Harvey Erin , Dadson Simon
Published: January 2025

Abstract. This study introduces a new approach to multi-hazard risk assessment, leveraging hypergraph theory to model the interconnected risks posed by cascading natural hazards. Traditional single-hazard risk models fail to account for the complex interrelationships and compounding effects of multiple simultaneous or sequential hazards. By conceptualising risks within a hypergraph framework, our model overcomes these limitations, enabling efficient simulation of multi-hazard interactions and their impacts on infrastructure. We apply this model to the 2015 Mw 7.8 Gorkha earthquake in Nepal as a case study, demonstrating its ability to simulate the primary and secondary effects of the earthquake on buildings and roads across the whole earthquake-affected area. The model predicts the overall pattern of earthquake-induced building damage and landslide impacts, albeit with a tendency towards over-prediction. Our findings underscore the potential of the hypergraph approach for multi-hazard risk assessment, offering advances in rapid computation and scenario exploration for cascading geo-hazards. This approach could provide valuable insights for disaster risk reduction and humanitarian contingency planning, where the anticipation of large-scale trends is often more important than the prediction of detailed impacts.
Comparison of different feedback controllers on an airfoil benchmark
Authors: Michel Loïc , Braud Caroline , Barbot Jean-Pierre , Plestan Franck , Peaucelle Dimitri , Boucher Xavier
Published: January 2025

Abstract. The present paper proposes a comparison of three well-established controllers: a robust proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controller (Conord and Peaucelle, 2021), a model-free control (Fliess and Join, 2013, 2022) and an adaptive sliding-mode control based on the super-twisting algorithm (Shtessel et al., 2023). The benchmark considered is an airfoil section equipped with trailing edge jets, load sensors and a perturbation system. The objective is to track the lift command under external wind perturbations. The outcome of this work is the comparison of performances for three control laws that are suitable when little knowledge is known from the physics. This study quantifies performance not only in terms of load control, but also in the needed implementation effort.
Espacios y territorios elocuentes: la cartografía de Annie Ernaux
Authors: Figuerola Cabrol Carme
Published: January 2025

La escritura de Annie Ernaux ha sido considerada como uno de los exponentes actuales de la autoficción. El presente estudio pretende mostrar cómo en la experiencia del yo el espacio juega un papel determinante en tanto que testigo privilegiado de sentimientos y sensaciones de los protagonistas. Destacan tres dimensiones del espacio recreado por Ernaux: la sociológica, que interpreta el lugar en clave de fenómeno social con las interacciones y procesos de cambio propios de cada colectivo; la pragmática, que sitúa en el espacio el origen de un habitus cultural; la prospectiva, según la cual ciertos sitios revisten una habitabilidad psíquica y onírica, fruto de los anhelos e inquietudes de la autora. Ya sean espacios íntimos, ya sean colectivos, los sitios creados por Ernaux incomodan puesto que cuestionan al individuo en lo relativo a su pertenencia, su lugar y, en definitiva, su esencia.
Le théâtre en classe de FLE : Annie Ernaux à travers ses personnages. Ateliers de prosodie au service de la dramatisation
Authors: González Alarcón Isabel Esther , Daoussi Syrine
Published: January 2025

Este trabajo presenta una serie de talleres de estudio y análisis teatral de L’Événement (2000) y Le Jeune homme (2022) de la escritora francesa Annie Ernaux, para su posterior dramatización y representación teatral. La actividad que se presenta aquí se ha llevado a cabo con estudiantes de la asignatura de Francés III del Grado en Estudios Ingleses de la Universidad de Almería, que poseen un nivel B2 en FLE, durante el curso académico 2022-2023. Dado el éxito y los óptimos resultados obtenidos, tanto de aprendizaje de la Segunda Lengua Extranjera, como en lo que dicha actividad supone para la transferencia del conocimiento, se decidió incluir dicha adaptación teatral, así como su estreno y puesta en escena en el Curso de verano En torno a la figura y la obra de Annie Ernaux, Premio Nobel de Literatura 2022, realizado en la Universidad de Almería.
Le poids des mots dans l’oeuvre auto-socio-biographique d’Annie Ernaux
Authors: Sirvent Ramos Ángeles
Published: January 2025

L'objectif de cet article est de relever la dimension formelle du projet auto-socio-biographique d’Annie Ernaux. Nous mettrons en relief la technique de la distanciation dans une écriture proche du degré zéro barthésien, une autobiographie textuelle dont les protagonistes sont les mots, les mots des autres. Les mots et phrases reçus qu'Ernaux transcrit entre guillemets ou en italique, ont été comme des pierres qui ouvrent, dans l'espace autobiographique, la mémoire douloureuse de l'enfance et de l'adolescence, tel Enfance de Nathalie Sarraute ; des mots qui, chez Ernaux, deviennent des signes révélateurs de la classe sociale à laquelle elle appartenait, mais aussi de son accès à l'écriture.
“Palabras que parecen materia”: el lenguaje como síntoma textual en La place
Authors: Giordano Chiara
Published: January 2025

Este trabajo se propone leer La place (1983) de Annie Ernaux desde las nociones de «inconsciente ideológico» y «radical historicidad de la literatura», desarrolladas por el crítico y filólogo marxista Juan Carlos Rodríguez. Mediante el análisis de la operación que lleva a cabo la escritora francesa y, en concreto, de las estrategias textuales que permiten considerar la lengua paterna un síntoma ideológico, se demuestra que el compromiso político de La place radica, desde esta perspectiva, en el tipo de subjetividad histórica que el libro articula.
Yetişkinlerde Uykululuk Durumunun İncelenmesi: Bağlanma Stilleri ve Psikolojik Esneklik Üzerine Bir Derleme
Authors: ESKİOCAK Tufan
Published: January 2025

In this study, it was aimed to examine the variables of sleepiness, attachment styles and psychological flexibility in adult individuals. The study was conducted by reviewing national and international literature and the effects of attachment styles and psychological flexibility on sleepiness were evaluated. It was found that individuals with secure attachment styles had lower levels of sleepiness, and high levels of psychological flexibility strengthened this relationship. Insecure attachment styles were found to be associated with increased levels of sleepiness. Psychological flexibility partially mediates the relationship between insecure attachment style and sleepiness. The results suggest that increasing psychological flexibility and interventions for attachment styles may be effective in reducing sleepiness problems. In future studies, it is recommended to examine sleepiness and psychological variables more comprehensively by using multiple data collection techniques.
Keywords: Attachment Styles, Sleepiness, Psychological Flexibility
Hardiness as a Mediator between Daily Life Hassles and Psychological Well-being among Adolescents
Authors: Saeed Bushra , Hanif Rubina
Published: January 2025

Adolescents face various challenges in their lives and family hardiness not only work as a coping construct but also contribute to the wellbeing of adolescents in facing daily life hassles. Hence, there is a need for further evaluation of family hardiness in reducing the impact of stress and amplifying psychological well-being in adolescents. Present research suggested evaluation of the mediating role of family hardiness between daily life hassles and psychological well-being. A convenient sample of 250 adolescents (aged 11 to 21 years), from two cities of Pakistan, was administered with indigenous Daily Life Hassles, Family Hardiness Index (FHI), and Psychological Well-being Scales. Research questions of the present study were evaluated through the procedures of PROCESS and Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. Findings of the present study revealed that family hardiness has a mediating role between daily life hassles experienced and appraised as stressful by adolescents and their well-being, and adolescents with enhanced well-being also reported daily hassles less frequently and appraised less stressful. Similarly, significant number of adolescents with enhanced well-being also reported enhanced levels of family hardiness. Findings of the present study emphasize the critical roles of hardiness as buffer against perceived stress in adolescents and also its role an amplifier for well-being in adolescents.
Samværsdans i lærerutdanningen – et inkluderende og bevegelig sammentreff
Authors: Nygård Stig-Ivan , Fretheim Solveig
Published: January 2025

In this article we are curious about what social dance can offer student teachers in physical education. What might form and enrich their educational journey so they can feel competent and empowered (Rustad, 2017) to teach dance? How can social dance enhance excitement and develop an appetite for teaching (Biesta, 2017), in order to move, flourish and exist as teachers? The study is placed in the generous categorization of practice-led research (Barret & Bolt, 2009), with educational experiences. Adopting a duoethnographic methodological approach (Norris & Sawyer, 2012) we investigate how social dance unfolds in the field of physical education. In addition to the teaching perspective, we base our data material on the students’ experiences with the social dance sessions, followed up in interviews of six students. We use thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2006) to interpret the data material. We lean on Biesta’s (2014, 2017) educational theories, Bandura’s (1997) theory of ’self-efficacy’ and Bresler’s (2018, 2019) ideas on beginner’s mind and ways of knowing. We draw attention to the experiences of engaging, embodied and collective learning processes. Our findings support that participation in the social dance (here with a focus on linedance, reinlender, and bachata) was an enriching experience and contributed significantly to a wider perspective on physical education and embodied leadership, a sense of community and companionship in the dance space.
Molecular Pharming Of Recombinant Proteins In Plants.
Authors: Sinha Sheetal , Raichaudhuri Ayan ,   Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, New Town, Kolkata 700135, India.
Published: January 2025

Plant molecular farming (PMF) refers to modifying the
genetic makeup of plants to obtain transgenic plants which in
turn are utilised to get recombinant proteins. Recombinant
proteins have gained global alertness. Transgenic plants
can be utilised to produce various types of recombinant
therapeutics. Plants are appropriate and acceptable hosts
since the production cost is much less than transgenic
animals, fermentation, or bioreactors. Therapeutic proteins
such as antibodies, cytokines, enzymes, hormones, and edible
vaccines can be produced by incorporating a foreign gene
of a desired nature into a suitable plant. Protein production
is massive as various types of proteins like antibodies and
many others can be produced in molecular farming using
transgenic plants. Commercial materials produced through
molecular farming attract a big market. Molecular farming
opens the opportunity to manufacture affordable modern
medicines for global production. Vaccines produced in this
field prevent many dreadful viral infections. Commercial
sustainability of molecular farming products, proper target
selection, purification, modification in production methods,
and incorporation of advanced technology are needed.
Spectrophotometry and newer techniques like CRISPR/Cas9
have been included in this area of molecular farming. PMF
gained much importance during the COVID-19 viral pandemic
producing proteins for diagnostic and preventive purposes
for making vaccines etc. Viral proteins virus-like particles (VLP)
and viral nanoparticles are widely used in recent fields to
produce recombinant proteins.
The Influence of Understanding of Regional Financial Accounting System, Regional Financial Management, And Accountability on Organizational Unit of Local Government Performance with Supervision as a Moderating Variable in North Sumatera Province
Authors: Rahel Promovenda Bella Morita , Br Bukit Rina , Khadafi Muammar
Published: January 2025

This study aims to determine the effect of understanding the local government accounting system, regional financial management, and accountability on an organizational unit of local government performance with supervision as a moderating variable.
The population in this study were Budget Users (Budget User Authorization), Technical Activity Implementation Officers, and Financial Administration Officers in all organizational units of local governments of the North Sumatra Provincial Government. The sampling technique used was the saturated sampling technique. The number of organizational units of local governments was 49. The hypothesis was analyzed using the Structural Equation Model (SEM) method with the help of SmartPLS 3.0 software.
The results of this study are as follows: 1) understanding the local financial accounting system, regional financial administration, and accountability have a simultaneous effect on the organizational unit of local government performance. 2) Supervision does not have a positive effect. It does not significantly moderate the effect of regional financial management on the performance of local government organizational units in North Sumatra Province.

Keywords: understanding the local financial accounting system, regional financial administration, accountability, supervision of organizational unit of local government performance.
Cheaper Vacuum Assisted Closure: Reducing Costs Without Compromising Efficacy
Authors: Mhetre Snehal , Shaikh Alina , Choudhary Bhavesh , Patil Arya , Dighe Durva , Rajas Shruti , Jadhvar Suraj , Kulkarni Ananta
Published: January 2025

Open wounds that do not heal tend to have high infection rates. It is extremely important to implement proper antibiotic cover and thorough debridement irrigation irrespective of the fixing method. One popular technique for hastening wound healing and reducing infection in nonhealing ulcers is VAC therapy. The main drawback of VAC therapy is the high cost and need for special equipment. Our hospital has found very positive outcomes in wound healing and infection control when we use low-cost, custom-made VAC therapy for non-healing ulcers in lower socioeconomic groups.

Keywords: VAC therapy, negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT), vacuum aided closure (VAC), micro deformational wound therapy (MDWT), Open wounds.
Analysis of Prescription Pattern of Drugs Among Oncology Patients in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital
Authors: H Sabarinath , K George Fiyona , Monica Jose Sonatta , James Josmi , V Kurian Sherin
Published: January 2025

Cancer demands a timely diagnosis and proper management for a better clinical outcome. There are many anti-neoplastic agents and regimens available for the treatment of cancer, with variable response rates and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). So the proper selection of anti-neoplastic drugs and treatment regimens are crucial to ensure a better prognosis. The main objectives of the study were to analyze the prescription pattern among cancer patients and to identify the presence of external risk factors among them. A prospective, cross – sectional and descriptive study was conducted among 100 cancer patients for a period of 6 months. The data collected were analyzed for evaluating the prescription pattern and to identify the external risk factors that might have led to the development of different types of cancers. Among the patients involved in the study, 32 were male and 68 were female and majority of the patients belonged to the age group of 31-75 years. Risk factors like smoking, alcohol, tobacco and betel nut were identified among the patients. An assessment of relationship between risk factors and various types of cancers was performed which demonstrated a significant association between lung cancer and smoking. It was also found that smoking and alcohol consumption was related to esophageal cancer. The most commonly used antineoplastic agents were cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, 5-Fluorouracil and paclitaxel. Agents like Proton pump inhibitors, anti-emetics and analgesics were also used among the patients as pre-medications and adjuvant drugs to prevent and treat ADRs associated with the use of antineoplastic drugs.

Keywords: Cancer, Chemotherapy, Antineoplastic agents, Risk factors
Case Report on Tolosa Hunt Syndrome in a Diabetic Patient: An Uncommon Presentation
Authors: R Ajay , B Harapanahalli Shubham , Mohan Gadad Veeranna , Balamani Chandana Gunupati , K Siji Gladys
Published: January 2025

Tolosa Hunt syndrome (THS), also known as painful ophthalmoplegia, recurrent ophthalmoplegia, or ophthalmoplegia syndrome, is described as severe and unilateral periorbital headaches associated with painful and restricted eye movements. THS is one of the rare disorders recognized by the National Organization for Rare Disorders. The estimated annual incidence is one case per million per year.
Case Report: A 49-year-old male with a 12-year history of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus presented with diplopia, ptosis, and right-sided hemifacial pain. Neurological examination revealed right-sided levator palpebrae superioris palsy, complete ophthalmoplegia, and conjunctival hyperemia. MRI confirmed orbital apex syndrome (OAS) in the right orbit known as Tolosa hunt syndrome (THS), while paranasal sinus HRCT showed chronic sinusitis with significant mucosal thickening and structural abnormalities. Management included high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone with gastroprotective therapy, followed by a tapering course of oral prednisolone and gabapentin for neuropathic pain.

Keywords: Tolosa Hunt Syndrome (THS), Orbital Apex Syndrome (OAS), Methylprednisolone, Ophthalmoplegia
Food and Rituals: Narratives of Food Consumed by Assamese Menstruating Women
Authors: Das Mitoo
Published: January 2025

Food and its consumption carry with them, not only physiological meanings but have equal cultural connotations. It is so mundane an element in our daily lives that we do not realize the intensity with which it influences us socially, culturally and politically. Food, the way it is created, served, consumed and conserved, has not just health and nutritional ideals associated with it, but are also manifested in symbolically giving meaning to one’s identity in a society. This paper will mainly deal with food which is ritualistically consumed during menarche by young Assamese girls as part of their procedural and symbolic manifestation of menstrual rituals of isolation demonstrating the beliefs associated to the concepts of purity and pollution. It will also delve into the kind of food Assamese girls/women are advised to follow during their menstrual lives and attempt to thus place food as an agency to exhibit the running of a culture and at the same time dig deeper into the subtle meanings that food holds in the carrying forward of one’s identity and position in society. The paper will examine the above through the ideas of Mary Douglas (based on purity and pollution), Clifford Ceertz (based on interpretive and symbolic premises), Victor Turner (based on symbolism) and Judith Butler (based on gender performativity) and demonstrate how food has cultural significance in the way it is managed by society.

Keywords: Food, Rituals, Cultural implications, Symbolism, Performativity.
Estrogenic Activity of Purple Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Ethanol Extract on the Estrous Cycle of Wistar Rats in a Menopause Model
Authors: Pradita Kirana I Putu Bintang , Wiryanthini Ida Ayu Dewi , Sutadarma I Wayan Gede , Tianing Ni Wayan
Published: January 2025

Menopause is a condition in which menstruation ceases due to ovarian follicles no longer producing estrogen. This condition can reduce the quality of life by causing physical and psychological disturbances. While hormone therapy is commonly used, its side effects necessitate alternative approaches, such as phytoestrogens derived from purple sweet potato anthocyanins. This study evaluates the estrogenic activity of ethanol extract from purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) on the estrous cycle of menopausal Wistar rats. A post-test-only control group design was employed using preserved biological materials. The study sample consisted of 5 rats per group, with a total of 3 groups: a negative control group (aquadest), an intervention group with ethanol extract of purple sweet potato at a dose of 400 mg/kgBW/day, and another intervention group at a dose of 600 mg/kgBW/day. Observations were conducted using a microscope to count the average number of cells in 10 fields of view. Subsequently, the estrous phases were identified to determine the duration of the estrous cycle. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests. The results showed p-values for the duration of the estrous cycle, proestrus phase, estrus phase, metestrus phase, and diestrus phase as 0.289 (p>0.05), 0.368 (p>0.05), 0.310 (p>0.05), 0.174 (p>0.05), and 0.929 (p>0.05), respectively. Despite the lack of statistical significance, descriptive variations in cycle duration were observed among groups. It can be concluded that there is estrogenic activity from the ethanol extract of purple sweet potato on the estrous cycle of Wistar rats in a menopause model.

Keywords: Estrous cycle, Menopause, Phytoestrogen, Purple sweet potato
Oil Vandalism Cost and Economic Growth in Nigeria
Authors: S. A. Agara, , T. S. Iortule, , A. Ilemona, , O. J. Gimba,
Published: January 2025

The study investigated oil vandalism cost and economic growth in Nigeria from 1970-2022. The specific objective was to determine the economic implication of oil vandalism on the overall growth of the Nigerian economy, particularly the Niger Delta Region. The date required was obtained from the following sources: Nigerian Natural Resource Charter (NNRC), National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and Pipeline and Product Marketing Company (PPMC). The study applied unit root test for stationarity. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) techniques were employed. As expected, all the variables in the long run have a negative sign implying that activities of oil pipeline vandalism have a negative effect on economic growth. A unit increase in the crude oil lost, cost of repair/ maintenance and product losses respectively, will induce a negative effect on GDP. The study concluded that oil vandalism does have negative effect on the economy in the long run. It therefore recommends that the government should look at the challenge of militancy in the Niger Delta region for once, not to promise them heaven on earth, but at least try to meet some of their legitimate demands.
Effect of Explicit Teaching Strategy and Collaborative Learning Approach on Students’ Motivation, Achievement and Retention in Mathematics in Benue State, Nigeria
Authors: D. E. Amua, , B. T. Ako,
Published: January 2025

This study examined the effect of collaborative learning and explicit teaching strategy on students’ motivation, achievement and retention in mathematics in Benue State, Nigeria. The study adopted Quasi-experimental design. The population of the study was 36,286 SS1 students in 749 secondary schools in Benue State. A sample of 180 students were selected from the three educational zones in Benue State using the simple random sampling technique. Mathematics Achievement Test (MAT) and Mathematics Motivation Inventory (MMI) were employed for data collection and it was analyzed using Mean, Standard Deviation and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). The results showed that there was a significant difference in the mean achievement score of students taught mathematics with collaborative learning approach and explicit teaching strategy. Furthermore, there was a significant difference in the mean retention score of students taught mathematics with collaborative learning approach and explicit teaching strategy. Finally, there was a significant difference in the motivation score of students taught mathematics with the collaborative learning approach and explicit teaching strategy. The study concluded that the collaborative learning approach improved students’ motivation, achievement and retention in mathematics more than the explicit teaching strategy. The study recommended that the Ministry of Education should fast-track the process of incorporating the collaborative learning approach in subjects like mathematics for effective teaching and learning of the subject.
Juridical Review of The Court Judge's Decision on The Divorce Lawsuit Is Unacceptable
Authors: Silitonga Hartati , Nababan Roida
Published: January 2025

This research aims to carry out an in-depth analysis of the basis of the Juridical Analysis of the Court Judge's Decision in Case Study No.393/Pdt.G/2024/PN Mdn In an Unacceptable Divorce Suit, it can be seen from the legal side in the field of civil procedural law. This description examines specific legal fields with legal aspects, which are the consequences of the law and juridical aspects of the basic legal considerations. Based on the decision of the Special Class I-A Medan Court Judge, divorce cannot be accepted, which contains absolute requirements for the steps for carrying out a divorce for a member of the Republic of Indonesia Police. The research method is related to a reasonably in-depth analysis of legal explanations and case studies. This research provides a comprehensive understanding of the legal process of divorce, especially regarding the judge's considerations and their impact on both parties involved.
Scoring system supporting suture decision-making for duodenal submucosal tumors
Authors: Geng Zi-Han , Qu Yi-Fan , Zhu Yan , Fu Pei-Yao , Chen Wei-Feng , Li Quan-Lin , Zhou Ping-Hong
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

In recent years, endoscopic resection (ER) has been employed for the excision of submucosal tumors (SMTs). Nonetheless, ER in the duodenum is linked to elevated risks of both immediate and delayed hemorrhagic complications and perforations. Satisfactory suturing is crucial for reducing the occurrence of complications.

AIM

To establish a clinical score model for supporting suture decision-making of duodenal SMTs.

METHODS

This study included 137 individuals diagnosed with duodenal SMTs who underwent ER. Participants were evenly divided into two groups: A training cohort (TC) comprising 95 cases and an internal validation cohort (VC) with 42 cases. Subsequently, a scoring system was formulated utilizing multivariate logistic regression analysis within the TC, which was then subjected to evaluation in the VC.

RESULTS

The clinical scoring system incorporated two key factors: Extraluminal growth, which was assigned 2 points, and endoscopic full-thickness resection, which was given 3 points. This model demonstrated strong predictive accuracy, as evidenced by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.900 (95% confidence interval: 0.823-0.976). Additionally, the model’s goodness-of-fit was validated by the Hosmer-Lemeshow test (P = 0.404). The probability of purse-string suturing in low (score 0-2) and high (score > 3) categories were 3.0% and 64.3% in the TC, and 6.1% and 88.9% in the VC, respectively.

CONCLUSION

This scoring system may function as a beneficial instrumentality for medical practitioners, facilitating the decision-making process concerning suture techniques in the context of duodenal SMTs.
Role of octamer transcription factor 4 in proliferation, migration, drug sensitivity, and stemness maintenance of pancreatic cancer cells
Authors: Shi Xue-Ying , Wang Xi-Lan , Zhao Jin , Yang Shi-Hai , Zhang Cheng-Hai
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most aggressive malignancies characterized by rapid progression and poor prognosis. The involvement of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and Octamer transcription factor 4 (OCT4) in PC pathobiology is being increasingly recognized.

AIM

To investigate the role of OCT4 in pancreatic CSCs and its effect on PC cell proliferation, migration, drug sensitivity, and stemness maintenance.

METHODS

We analyzed OCT4 and CD133 expression in PC tissues and cell lines. BxPC-3 cells were used to assess the effects of OCT4 modulation on cellular behavior. Proliferation, migration, and stemness of BxPC-3 cells were evaluated, and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway was examined to gain mechanistic insights.

RESULTS

OCT4 and CD133 were significantly overexpressed in PC tissues. OCT4 modulation altered BxPC-3 cell proliferation, invasion, and stemness, with OCT4 overexpression (OV-OCT4) enhancing these properties and OCT4 interference decreasing them. OV-OCT4 activated the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, which correlated with an increase in PC stem cells (PCSC).

CONCLUSION

OCT4 plays a crucial role in PCSCs by influencing the aggressiveness and drug resistance of PC cells, thus presenting itself as a potential therapeutic target.
Incorporation of human β-defensin-1 into immunoliposomes to facilitate targeted autophagy therapy of colon carcinoma
Authors: Huang Ying , Wang Xi-Ye , Huang Jia-Yue , Huang Zheng-Wei
Published: January 2025

Based on the discovery that human β-defensin-1 (hBD-1) triggers autophagy in colon cancer cells and inhibits proliferation, we proposed the consideration of its druggability. As a protein, its stability, targetability and bioavailability must be improved. Compared with the traditional medicinal chemistry technology, nanotechnology is more economical for increasing the druggability of hBD-1 and can be readily scaled up. Here, we propose an immunoliposome system containing hBD-1 to improve its stability and bioavailability. To enhance its targetability, anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibodies were conjugated to the liposomal bilayer to produce immunoliposomes that can target EGFR, which is highly expressed in colon cancer cells. Although more studies are needed to support clinical trials and large-scale manufacturing, these immunoliposomes have great potential as therapeutics. Thus, immunoliposomes are suitable nanovesicles to improve the druggability of hBD-1; however, additional basic and translational research of these systems is warranted.
Validation of the prognostic model for palliative radiotherapy in older patients with cancer
Authors: Park Hyojung
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Older patients are more likely to have a poor performance status and comorbidities. There is a reluctance to extensively investigate and treat older patients. As elderly individuals and patients with neoplasms each increase in number, palliative treatment of older patients is expected to grow as an issue.

AIM

To investigated the role of palliative radiotherapy in older patients and patients who were expected to demonstrate a therapeutic effect.

METHODS

From February 2019 to February 2022, 33 patients aged ≥ 80 years underwent palliative radiotherapy. The prognosis in palliative care study predictor (PiPS), palliative prognostic index (PPI), and delirium-palliative prognostic score (D-PaP) models were used for prognosis prediction. D-PaP scores calculated according to the doctor's prediction of clinical prediction of survival (CPS) were excluded and then analyzed for comparison. Radiation was prescribed at a dose of 2.5-7 Gy per fraction, up to a median of 39 Gy10 (range, 28-75 Gy10).

RESULTS

The median follow-up was 2.4 months (range, 0.2-27.5 months), and 28 patients (84.8%) showed subjective symptom improvements following treatment. The 2- and 6-month survival rates of all patients were 91.5% and 91.5%, respectively. According to regression analysis, the performance status index, symptom type, and radiation dose all showed no significant correlation with the treatment response. When survival was expected for > 55 days in the PiPS model, the 2-month survival rate was 94.4%. For patients with PPI and D-PaP-CPS values of 0-3.9 points, the 2-month survival rates were 90.0% and 100%, respectively. For patients with a score of ≥ 4 points, the 2-month survival rates were 37.5% and 0%, respectively.

CONCLUSION

This study shows that the prognosis prediction model used in palliative care can be used to identify patients suitable for treatment.
Creative-Motivated Citizen Science After-School STEAM Programme for Motivating Actions Related to the Oceanic Microplastics Problem
Authors: Sayuda Tomomi , Kinoshita Haruyuki , Kato Fumitoshi , Pennington Miles
Published: January 2025

Citizen science (CS) projects focused on microplastics (MP), small plastics that cause widespread ocean pollution, have gained interest from international research communities. However, research is lacking on designing citizen science educational programmes that promote microplastic problem-solving and enhance local understanding. These programmes could use STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Math) education and creative activities for children, supported by local adults such as parents and teachers. We, therefore, created a nine-week STEAM education CS after-school programme for primary school children. In addition to MP sampling, we have also incorporated elements of STEAM education, combining creative projects and motivational activities, in this creative-motivated after-school programme. Our goals are to encourage long-term community cooperation in research, learning about MP issues, and thinking about local solutions through this community participatory CS programme. As a result, our qualitative results showed that five primary school children and five community adults were actively involved in the programme. Three creative project outputs were produced, and four MP data sampling sessions were conducted. Three pairs of children and their mother participants remained engaged in this ongoing problem-solving activity 10 months after its conclusion. During our programme progression, we observed familial engagement between local children and parents, which has not commonly been studied in the context of CS programmes. We believe that designing action-motivating long-term programmes to raise participants’ awareness of issues and interest in research is important. This CS programme has the potential to encourage long-term community interaction with research and enhance community involvement in environmental issues.
Longitudinal Cross-Lagged Analysis Between Depressive Symptoms, Social Withdrawal, Self-Esteem, and School Adaptation in Multicultural Adolescents
Authors: Choe Chung , Yu Seunghee
Published: January 2025

We examined the longitudinal and reciprocal relationships of depressive symptoms, social withdrawal, self-esteem, and school adaptation of multicultural adolescents in high school. We applied an autoregressive cross-lagged model to a sample of 594 multicultural adolescents extracted from three consecutive years of data from the Multicultural Adolescents Panel Survey. We found depressive symptoms and school adaptation had reciprocal negative relationships in the multicultural adolescents’ first and second years of high school. In the first and second grades of high school, the higher the school adaptation, the lower the social withdrawal, but the social withdrawal did not affect the school adaptation. In the second and third grades of high school, self-esteem and school adaptation had reciprocal positive relationships. Females had more severe psycho-emotional problems than males. Child neglect increased depressive symptoms and social withdrawal while it lowered self-esteem. The high household income lowered social withdrawal.
Sustainable packaging solutions in Germany: Consumer preferences and environmental impact
Authors: Jin young Hwang
Published: January 2025

Sustainable packaging has become an imperative in the modern world owing to rising environmental concerns from plastic pollution. Germany is a front-runner in sustainable packaging solutions. This paper explores sustainable packaging in Germany by analyzing consumer preferences and environmental impacts. A mixed-methods approach combining qualitative and quantitative techniques is utilized. Surveys, interviews, and case studies provide insights on factors influencing consumer choices like environmental consciousness, product attributes, and price sensitivity. Quantitatively, 65% of respondents were willing to pay more for sustainability, and 75% identified as eco-conscious. Qualitative findings revealed a preference for sustainability in food products but price sensitivity for non-essentials. Environmental analysis shows sustainable packaging enables waste and energy reduction. Comparisons reveal variations between Germany, the US and UK in adoption. The study concludes sustainable packaging aligns with German consumer values and eco-goals. It recommends businesses focus innovation on food products and policymakers incentivize best practices. Further research should continue monitoring evolving consumer trends and new materials' impacts. The research also reveals possibilities for Germany’s management in sustainable packaging as a best practice for other nations trying to combat plastic pollution. Moreover, it underlines the innovation process as one of key directions to find brand-new materials for packaging and improve sustainability of the product while preserving the quality of the final product. Therefore, through cooperation between commerce, consumers and policy makers, as has been well demonstrated in Germany, progress of sustainable packaging can be further enhanced.
Festival para Nuevos Directores Teatrales
Authors: Espinoza Quezada Marco
Published: January 2025

A partir de un primer intento de sistematización documental, este escrito recorre episodios relevantes de la historia asociada a la emergencia y consolidación del Festival de Nuevos Directores Teatrales organizado por el DETUCH entre 2001 y 2017. Dicho evento
se entrelaza con la tradición del Festival de Nuevas Tendencias, también asociado en su origen al Magíster en Dirección Teatral de la Universidad de Chile.