bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE IMPORTANCE OF SERVICE PLACEMENT AND CHANNELLINGTO PREPARE HUMAN RESOURCES FOR STUDENTS TO MEET THE CAREERS OF THE FUTURE
Authors: Mariana Dewi
Published: September 2017

Placement and distribution Service aimed at helping put and passing students in accordance with the potential, interests, and talents. Placement and distribution services, namely continuous process to facilitate learners achieve success the process and results of the study as well as optimal development in order to achieve the goals of national education. Guidance and counselling Services in the form of peminatan provide ample opportunity for learners to channel and put yourself on the path to a more appropriate in the framework of the completion of the studies are focused, successful, educated and clear in next. The purpose of the service placement and channelling instill interest subjects, confirming the interest of subjects, as well as select and establish an interest group of subjects, the cross-subjects and study subjects who followed in the education unit, which was being pursued, career choice and/or advanced course options up to the College
Learning Quantum Chemical Model with Learning Media Concept Map and Power Point Viewed from Memory and Creativity Skills Students
Authors: Wahidi Agus
Published: September 2017

This research is experimental, using first class learning a quantum model of learning with concept maps media and the second media using real environments by power point presentation. The population is all class XI Science, number 2 grade. The sampling technique is done by purposive random sampling. Data collection techniques to test for cognitive performance and memory capabilities, with a questionnaire for creativity. Hypothesis testing using three-way ANOVA different cells with the help of software Minitab 15.Based on the results of data processing, concluded: (1) there is no influence of the quantum model of learning with media learning concept maps and real environments for learning achievement chemistry, (2) there is a high impact memory ability and low on student achievement, (3) there is no the effect of high and low creativity in student performance, (4) there is no interaction learning model quantum media learning concept maps and real environments with memory ability on student achievement, (5) there is no interaction learning model quantum media learning concept maps and real environments with creativity of student achievement, (6) there is no interaction memory skills and creativity of student achievement, (7) there is no interaction learning model quantum media learning concept maps and real environments, memory skills, and creativity on student achievement.
Motivation Engineering to Employee by Employees Abraham Maslow Theory
Authors: Suyono Joko , Mudjanarko Sri Wiwoho
Published: September 2017

Among many existing motivational theories, perhaps Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theories are widely known. This theory passes a message to us that once a person passes a certain level of need, he is no longer motivated by the level of motivation below. This provides an understanding that a manager or leader or motivator in the organization should know what is needed by subordinates. The need of a daily production worker with staff of managerial staff is different. To provide motivation that can improve performance to both, a motivator must provide different treatment according to their needs.
Manifestations and intensity of psychological stress of the family members of incurable cancer patients
Authors: Koval Iryna
Published: September 2017

The study has looked into the manifestations and intensity of psychological stress experienced by family members of incurable cancer patients. Of the surveyed family members 60.7% demonstrated adjustment disorders, which psychologically were manifest in threshold distress level and high psychological and social stress levels, as well as psychological pathologic symptoms, such as anxiety and depression, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, interpersonal sensitivity and somatic health problems. The psychological responses of the family members were directly linked to the patient’s condition, whereby changes in the somatic and psychological condition of the patient acted as “triggers” of psychological responses of the family members.
Сlinical case: social load is the predictor and preventer of somatization
Authors: Romaniv Olexandr , Pohoriliak Katherine
Published: September 2017

Somatization can lead to social dysfunction, problems at a workplace and increase the health care use. Thus, it is both clinical and public health problem. It is incredibly problem understand the psychosomatic disorders, especially in Ukraine. This article discusses the clinical care of a person who has sufficient level of social status and professional development, long suffering from anxiety-depressive disorders with somatic symptoms. The level of social load greatly influences to disorder severity, alternatively as the predictor and preventer of clinical features.
A new request to the social psychiatry in Ukraine: stress-related disorders and PTSD, are we ready?
Authors: Chaban Oleg
Published: September 2017

In early 2014 resulted by the outbreak of conflict in eastern Ukraine 823,000 people became internally displaced, according to the Ukrainian State Emergency Service. All of the above requires a new assessment of the state of people in a situation of chronic stress and distress taking into account their mentality, psychological amortization properties and social situation. We need systematic training of specialists in the field of acute stress and PTSD, with following consistent professional development. It is necessary to develop a national protocol for PTSD management and to implement an appropriate modernization of the Ukrainian health care system.
Comparative effectiveness of interventions for treatment of overweight and obesity
Authors: Bezsheiko Vitaliy
Published: September 2017

Overweight and obesity are amongst most common problems of our time and have a significant negative impact on somatic health. Recently have been published several systematic reviews and meta-analysis that evaluated the effectiveness of various methods for overweight and obesity treatment. These studies are not yet included in the clinical guidelines, but might contain important results.
Role of Multiagency Response and On-Scene Times in Large-Scale Traffic Incidents
Authors: Li Xiaobing , Khattak Asad J. , Wali Behram
Published: September 2017

Traffic incidents, often known as nonrecurring events, impose enormous economic and social costs. Compared with short-duration incidents, large-scale incidents can substantially disrupt traffic flow by blocking lanes on highways for long periods. A careful examination of large-scale traffic incidents and associated factors can assist with actionable large-scale incident management strategies. For such an analysis, a unique and comprehensive 5-year incident database on East Tennessee roadways was assembled to conduct an in-depth investigation of large-scale incidents, especially focusing on operational responses, that is, response and on-scene times by various agencies. Incidents longer than 120 min and blocking at least one lane were considered large scale; the database contained 890 incidents, which was about 0.69% of all reported incidents. Rigorous fixed- and random-parameter, hazard-based duration models were estimated to account for the possibility of unobserved heterogeneity in large-scale incidents. The modeling results reveal significant heterogeneity in associations between operational responses and large-scale incident durations. A 30-min increase in response time for the first, second, and third (or more) highway response units translated to a 2.8%, 1.6%, and 4.2% increase in large-scale incident durations, respectively. In addition, longer response times for towing and highway patrol were significantly associated with longer incident durations. Given large-scale incidents, associated factors included vehicle fire, unscheduled roadwork, weekdays, afternoon peaks, and traffic volume. Notably, the associations were heterogeneous; that is, the direction could be positive in some cases and negative in others. Practical implications of the results for large-scale incident management are discussed.
Using Agency Surveys and Benefit–Cost Analysis to Evaluate Highway Advisory Radio as Regional Traveler Information and Communication Tool
Authors: Sandt Adrian , Al-Deek Haitham , Rogers John H. , Kayes M. Imrul
Published: September 2017

Highway advisory radio (HAR) is an older traffic information source that is not typically used by most travelers. However, it is still valuable as a regional traveler information and communication tool, especially in emergencies. To understand the benefits of HAR to professional agencies, two online surveys were conducted with state department of transportation officials throughout the United States and with Florida emergency management departments. The 28 completed state department of transportation surveys indicated that HAR was a valuable regional communication tool to reach more travelers and provided more detailed information than other technologies. Florida emergency management professionals stated that HAR was useful as a redundant technology if the phone and Internet-based technologies that they used to provide emergency alerts failed. In addition to these surveys, a detailed benefit–cost analysis that used the results of customer surveys was performed on the HAR system of the Florida’s Turnpike Enterprise, which consisted of 16 HAR units throughout Florida. This analysis quantified the regional travel time benefits to passenger vehicle occupants and commercial truck drivers who diverted because of HAR congestion messages and compared these benefits with the capital and operational costs of the system. Assuming that 5% to 20% of HAR congestion messages cause diversion, the estimated range of the HAR benefit–cost ratio was 4.02 to 16.08. These benefits would be even greater if use of HAR in emergencies, fuel savings, and emissions reductions were considered.
Evaluation of Signage Alternatives for Express Lane Facilities: Focus Group Study
Authors: Alluri Priyanka , Gan Albert , Saha Dibakar , Fernandez Luis Ortega
Published: September 2017

Express lanes are usually freeway lanes that are separated from general purpose lanes to provide higher mobility. Guide signs upstream of express lanes are crucial because drivers have to read, comprehend, and then react to them accordingly while traveling at high speeds. As such, the objective of this research is to determine the optimal amount and type of information to display and the manner in which the information should be communicated to drivers. A focus group study involving 49 participants was conducted to assess drivers’ understanding, preferences, and opinions toward the guide signs at the entrance to express lanes. Several new sign designs and alternatives were evaluated. From the focus group study results, it was concluded that additional real-time information on travel time and average speed on express lanes helped drivers decide if they wanted to use the express lanes. However, participants found both travel time and speed information to be ambiguous. It is recommended that drivers be educated about these measures so that they correctly interpret this information. Although this additional information is useful to drivers, care needs to be taken to not overload drivers with too much information. It is imperative to consider the other existing signs and that drivers need to comprehend this information while driving at high speeds.
Data Citation Index: Promoting attribution, use and discovery of research data
Authors: Force Megan M. , Auld Daniel M.
Published: September 2017

The Data Citation Index forms part of the Thomson Reuters Web of Science research platform. Thomson Reuters makes partnerships with data repositories to create indexed data object metadata records integrated within the larger platform. The core features of the Data Citation Index strengthen and standardize citation and re-use of data across scientific disciplines.
How can libraries and other academic stakeholders engage in making data open?
Authors: Linde Peter , Noorman Merel , Wessels Bridgette A. , Sveinsdottir Thordis
Published: September 2017

In this paper we will address the questions of what and where the value of open access to research data might be and how libraries and related stakeholders can contribute to achieve the benefits of freely sharing data. In particular, the emphasis is on how libraries need to acquire the competence for collaboration to train and encourage researchers and library staff to work with open data. The paper is based on the early results of the RECODE project, an EU FP7 project that addresses the drivers and barriers in developing open access to research data in Europe (http://www.recodeproject.eu).
Metadata for Big Data: A preliminary investigation of metadata quality issues in research data repositories
Authors: Rousidis Dimitris , Garoufallou Emmanouel , Balatsoukas Panos , Sicilia Miguel-Angel
Published: September 2017

Data-driven approaches to scientific research have generated new types of repositories that provide scientists the means necessary to store, share and re-use big data-sets generated at various stages of the research process. As the number and heterogeneity of research data repositories increase, it becomes critical for scientists to solve data quality problems associated to the data-sets stored in these repositories. To date, several authors have been focused on the data quality issues associated to the data-sets stored in the repositories, yet there is little knowledge about the quality problems of the metadata used to describe these data-sets. Metadata is important for the long-term sustainability of research data repositories and data re-use. The aim of the research reported in this paper was to identify the data quality problems associated with the metadata used in the Dryad data repository. The paper concludes with some recommendations for improving the quality of metadata in research data repositories.
The integration of materials data banks into a European information service network
Authors: Kröckel H. , Steven G.
Published: September 2017

Whereas the complex nature, high cost and uncertain returns have, in the past, largely impeded the development of computerized materials data banks, progress in information technology and the growing computerization of engineering methods have now changed the environmental conditions for such data banks. This development together with the importance of materials data for industrial technology, innovation and R&D has stimulated corresponding initiatives in industrialized countries. The activities which have been launched by the CEC, support the concept of a cooperative, distributed network of materials data information services. This approach towards a pilot network operating a demonstrator programme is described against the historical background of CEC information market development.
Automated bilingual circulation system using PC local area networks
Authors: Iskanderani A.I. , Anwar M.A.
Published: September 2017

The DOBIS/LIBIS automated library system includes a highly sophisticated module to control automated circulation capable of using bar-code scanners. In order to use LIB IS module which deals with circulation, a library must have the materials with a potential for circulation in its local database and, if possible, be linked with the student and personnel databases of the university. The libraries in the Middle East using DOBIS/LIBIS need to Arabize LIBIS. These facilities were not yet available at King Abdulaziz University and it was very difficult to predict as to when these would be. Due to this reason, a local automated bilingual circulation system (ABCS) using personal computers local area network (LAN) was developed. The system is designed to be menu driven, reliable, simple to use with fully bilingual — Arabic and English — capabilities. The system also includes bar-code production and reliable backup facilities. Important features of the system are the development of the database as it circulates documents, its ease of use, reliability, its ability to produce a variety of statistics and its capability of linking with the DOBIS/LIBIS system.
The economics of the new technology of delivery systems
Authors: Gregory Andrew
Published: September 2017

A discussion of the impact of the emerging trends toward increasing transmission speed and alternative delivery media on the changing economics of the online information industry.
OCLC's public service systems: EPIC and FirstSearch
Authors: Bénaud Claire-Lise , Bordeianu Sever
Published: September 2017

OCLC entered a new phase of information delivery with the introduction of EPIC in 1990 and FirstSearch in 1991. Both systems are designed for use in public services: EPIC by librarians, FirstSearch by library patrons. EPIC functions like other traditional online services on the market, both in terms of searching and pricing. In contrast, FirstSearch incorporates innovative searching and pricing features that set it apart from traditional online search systems. Both offer access to the vast OCLC Online Union Catalog. This article will analyze the similarities and differences, strengths and weaknesses of the two new OCLC services. The following aspects are discussed: databases offered on each system, ease of searching, holdings information, training, and pricing. While the two systems provide adequate access to online information, their major strength lies in their extremely competitive pricing structure.
Open information interchange
Authors: Stephenson Geoffrey A.
Published: September 2017

Open information interchange (OII) is an initiative to promote the improved use of encoding standards in the exchange of information in an electronic form. Whilst standards for telecommunications are being pursued in Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) programmes and the exchange formats for structured business data in Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) programmes, less attention has been paid so far to the problems of the general transfer of information (documents, images, drawings, sound, etc.) from one application or environment to another. Standards exist or are under development to support such information interchange, but consistent strategies for their use are missing. The idea of initiating European Community action arose from work in the IMPACT 1 programme, and will be actively pursued in the new four-year IMPACT 2 programme. The actions will cover coordination in the use of standards, application stimulation and awareness.
Iterative approach in finding the “core” of information
Authors: Pichappan P. , Khatri N.K.
Published: September 2017

Within-field high impact journals in Astronomy are identified by using the Discipline-Contribution Score. This algorithm is iterated to track Science Citation Index/Journal Citation Reports of non-recognised Astronomy journals. Further multisubfield Physics and multidisciplinary journals' contributions to Astronomy are measured.
A new service of information brokers: online consulting
Authors: Karl Erwin
Published: September 2017

The Internet is converting to a second virtual layer of the material world. Mirroring the real world electronically, this world can be brought to any computer monitor. Due to its electronic form, computing power meets communication and opens a wide range of capabilities that the matter-bound world cannot provide. To navigate and to exploit this computerised reflection of the world, information brokers with their Internet competence can provide valuable consulting services beyond information retrieval.
Modelling and Characterization of the Sorption of Kynurenic Acid on Protein Surfaces
Authors: Juhász Ádám , Csapó Edit , Vécsei László , Dékány Imre
Published: September 2017

This paper presents a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy-based evaluation process which provides information on kinetic and thermodynamic aspects of the interactions between proteins and a drug molecule. Reversible binding of kynurenic acid (KYNA) on human (HSA) and bovine (BSA) serum albumin-modified gold sensor surface has been investigated under physiological conditions at various temperatures. The SPR sensorgrams were fitted via nonlinear parameter estimation method by using pseudo first order kinetic model. Based on the concentration dependence of the estimated observed rate constants (kobs ) the association (ka ) and dissociation (kd ) constants as well as the equilibrium constants (KA ) and the Gibbs free energy (ΔG0) change were calculated at different (10-35 C°) temperatures. Furthermore, the enthalpy (ΔH0), entropy (ΔS0) and heat capacity changes (ΔCp ) of KYNA-protein complex formation were also calculated.
Low-Input Maize-Based Cropping Systems Implementing IWM Match Conventional Maize Monoculture Productivity and Weed Control
Authors: Adeux Guillaume , Giuliano Simon , Cordeau Stéphane , Savoie Jean-Marie , Alletto Lionel
Published: September 2017

Conventional Maize Monoculture (MM), a dominant Cropping System in South-Western France, is now questioned for environmental reasons (nitrate leaching, pesticide use and excessive irrigation). Three low-input Cropping Systems (CS) using diverse weeding strategies (MMLI, a Low-Input MM implementing ploughing, a combination of on-row spraying and in-between row cultivation and cover crops; MMCT, Conservation Tillage MM implementing chemical control and cover crops; Maize-MSW, maize managed similar to MMLI but rotated with soybean & wheat) were compared to a reference system (MMConv, a conventional MM with tillage and a high quantity of inputs). Potential of Infestation of weeds (PI), weed biomass and crop production of these CS were compared during the first five years after their establishment. Yields were also assessed in weed-free zones hand-weeded weekly in 2014 and 2015. Weed communities did not drastically differ among CS. PI and weed biomass were higher in MMCT, especially for Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P.Beauv. and were comparable between MMConv, MMLI and Maize-MSW. Analysis of covariance between CS and weed biomass did not reveal a significant interaction, suggesting that weed biomass affected yield similarly among the CS. Comparison between weedy and weed-free zones suggested that weeds present at maize maturity negatively affected yields to the same extent for all four CS, despite having different weed biomasses. Grain yields in MMConv (11.3 ± 1.1 t ha−1) and MMLI (10.6 ± 2.3 t ha−1) were similar and higher than in MMCT (8.2 ± 1.9 t ha−1. Similar yields, weed biomasses and PI suggest that MMLI and Maize-MSW are interesting alternatives to conventional MM in terms of weed control and maize productivity and should be transferred to farmers to test their feasibility under wider, farm-scale conditions.
A Rationally Designed Reversible ‘Turn-Off’ Sensor for Glutathione
Authors: Heng Sabrina , Zhang Xiaozhou , Pei Jinxin , Abell Andrew
Published: September 2017

γ-Glutamyl-cysteinyl-glycine (GSH) plays a critical role in maintaining redox homeostasis in biological systems and a decrease in its cellular levels is associated with diseases. Existing fluorescence-based chemosensors for GSH acts as irreversible reaction-based probes that exhibit a maximum fluorescence (‘turn-on’) once the reaction is complete, regardless of the actual concentration of GSH. A reversible, reaction-based ‘turn-off’ probe (1) is reported here to sense the decreasing levels of GSH, a situation known to occur at the onset of various diseases. The more fluorescent merocyanine (MC) isomer of 1 exists in aqueous solution and this reacts with GSH to induce formation of the ring-closed spiropyran (SP) isomer, with a measurable decrease in absorbance and fluorescence (‘turn-off’). Sensor 1 has good aqueous solubility and shows an excellent selectivity for GSH over other biologically relevant metal ions and aminothiol analytes. The sensor permeates HEK 293 cells and an increase in fluorescence is observed on adding buthionine sulfoximine, an inhibitor of GSH synthesis.
The Partial Information Decomposition of Generative Neural Network Models
Authors: Tax Tycho , Mediano Pedro , Shanahan Murray
Published: September 2017

In this work we study the distributed representations learnt by generative neural network models. In particular, we investigate the properties of redundant and synergistic information that groups of hidden neurons contain about the target variable. To this end, we use an emerging branch of information theory called partial information decomposition (PID) and track the informational properties of the neurons through training. We find two differentiated phases during the training process: a first short phase in which the neurons learn redundant information about the target, and a second phase in which neurons start specialising and each of them learns unique information about the target. We also find that in smaller networks individual neurons learn more specific information about certain features of the input, suggesting that learning pressure can encourage disentangled representations.
An Adaptive Square Root Unscented Kalman Filter Approach for State of Charge Estimation of Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Liu Shulin , Cui Naxin , Zhang Chenghui
Published: September 2017

An accurate state of charge (SOC) estimation is of great importance for the battery management systems of electric vehicles. To improve the accuracy and robustness of SOC estimation, lithium-ion battery SOC is estimated using an adaptive square root unscented Kalman filter (ASRUKF) method. The square roots of the variance matrices of the SOC and noise can be calculated directly by the ASRUKF algorithm, which ensures the symmetry and nonnegative definiteness of the matrices. The process values and measurement noise covariance can be adaptively adjusted, which greatly improves the accuracy, stability, and self-adaptability of the filter. The effectiveness of the proposed method has been verified through experiments under different operating conditions. The obtained results were compared with those of extended Kalman filter (EKF) and unscented Kalman filter (UKF) , which indicates that the ASRUKF method provides better accuracy, robustness and convergence in the estimation of battery SOC for electric vehicles. The proposed method has a mean SOC estimation error of 0.5% and a maximum SOC estimation error of 0.8%. These errors are lower than those of other methods.
Mapping Parallels between Outdoor Urban Environments and Indoor Manufacturing Environments
Authors: Schabus Stefan , Scholz Johannes , Lampoltshammer Thomas
Published: September 2017

The concepts of “Smart Cities” and “Smart Manufacturing” are different data-driven domains, although both rely on intelligent information technology and data analysis. With the application of linked data and affordance-based approaches, both domains converge, paving the way for new and innovative viewpoints regarding the comparison of urban tasks with indoor manufacturing tasks. The present study builds on the work, who state that cities are scaled versions of each other, by extending this thesis towards indoor manufacturing environments. Based on their structure and complexity, these environments are considered to form ecosystems of their own, comparable to “small cities”. This conceptual idea is demonstrated by examining the process of human problem-solving in transportation situations from both perspectives (i.e., city-level and manufacturing-level). In particular, the authors model tasks of human operators that are used to support transportation processes in indoor manufacturing environments based on affordances and spatial-temporal data. This paper introduces the fundamentals of the transformation process of outdoor tasks and process planning activities to indoor environments, particularly to semiconductor manufacturing environments. The idea is to examine the mapping of outdoor tasks and applications to indoor environments, and vice-versa, based on an example focusing on the autonomous transportation of production assets in a manufacturing environment. The approach is based on a spatial graph database, populated with an indoor navigation ontology and instances of indoor and outdoor objects. The results indicate that human problem-solving strategies can be applied to indoor manufacturing environments to support decision-making in autonomous transportation tasks.
Protein Complexes Prediction Method Based on Core—Attachment Structure and Functional Annotations
Authors: Li Bo , Liao Bo
Published: September 2017

Recent advances in high-throughput laboratory techniques captured large-scale protein–protein interaction (PPI) data, making it possible to create a detailed map of protein interaction networks, and thus enable us to detect protein complexes from these PPI networks. However, most of the current state-of-the-art studies still have some problems, for instance, incapability of identifying overlapping clusters, without considering the inherent organization within protein complexes, and overlooking the biological meaning of complexes. Therefore, we present a novel overlapping protein complexes prediction method based on core–attachment structure and function annotations (CFOCM), which performs in two stages: first, it detects protein complex cores with the maximum value of our defined cluster closeness function, in which the proteins are also closely related to at least one common function. Then it appends attach proteins into these detected cores to form the returned complexes. For performance evaluation, CFOCM and six classical methods have been used to identify protein complexes on three different yeast PPI networks, and three sets of real complexes including the Munich Information Center for Protein Sequences (MIPS), the Saccharomyces Genome Database (SGD) and the Catalogues of Yeast protein Complexes (CYC2008) are selected as benchmark sets, and the results show that CFOCM is indeed effective and robust for achieving the highest F-measure values in all tests.
Enhancement of Antioxidant Systems and Storability of Two Plum Cultivars by Preharvest Treatments with Salicylates
Authors: Martínez-Esplá Alejandra , Serrano María , Valero Daniel , Martínez-Romero Domingo , Castillo Salvador , Zapata Pedro
Published: September 2017

In this research the effect of salicylic acid (SA), acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), and methylsalicylate (MeSA) treatments, applied as a foliar spray during on-tree plum development, on fruit quality attributes, bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity, and the activity of the antioxidant enzymes at harvest and after long-term cold storage was evaluated in two plum cultivars (“Black Splendor”, BS, and “Royal Rosa”, RR). At harvest, plum quality parameters, such as weight, total phenolics (including anthocyanins, in BS), total carotenoids, and antioxidant activity, in both hydrophilic and lipophilic compounds were found at higher levels in plums from SA-, ASA-, and MeSA-treated trees than in those from control trees. During storage, fruit firmness, total acidity, and antioxidant compounds were at higher levels in treated, than in control, plums, which show an effect of salicylate treatments on delaying the plum postharvest ripening process. In addition, the activity of the antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) were also enhanced at the time of harvest in salicylate-treated plums as compared with plums from control trees. The activity of these antioxidant enzymes was also found at higher levels in salicylate-treated plums during storage. Thus, preharvest treatment with salicylates could be a safe, eco-friendly, and new tool to improve and maintain plum quality attributes, and especially their content of antioxidant compounds, with an additional effect on delaying the postharvest ripening process through increasing the levels of antioxidant compounds and the activity of the antioxidant enzymes.
A Protocol for Generating and Exchanging (Genome-Scale) Metabolic Resource Allocation Models
Authors: Reimers Alexandra-M. , Lindhorst Henning , Waldherr Steffen
Published: September 2017

In this article, we present a protocol for generating a complete (genome-scale) metabolic resource allocation model, as well as a proposal for how to represent such models in the systems biology markup language (SBML). Such models are used to investigate enzyme levels and achievable growth rates in large-scale metabolic networks. Although the idea of metabolic resource allocation studies has been present in the field of systems biology for some years, no guidelines for generating such a model have been published up to now. This paper presents step-by-step instructions for building a (dynamic) resource allocation model, starting with prerequisites such as a genome-scale metabolic reconstruction, through building protein and noncatalytic biomass synthesis reactions and assigning turnover rates for each reaction. In addition, we explain how one can use SBML level 3 in combination with the flux balance constraints and our resource allocation modeling annotation to represent such models.
Synthesis and DFT Calculations of Novel Vanillin-Chalcones and Their 3-Aryl-5-(4-(2-(dimethylamino)-ethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-carbaldehyde Derivatives as Antifungal Agents
Authors: Illicachi Luis , Montalvo-Acosta Joel , Insuasty Alberto , Quiroga Jairo , Abonia Rodrigo , Sortino Maximiliano , Zacchino Susana , Insuasty Braulio
Published: September 2017

Novel (E)-1-(aryl)-3-(4-(2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl) prop-2-en-1-ones 4 were synthesized by a Claisen-Schmidt reaction of 4-(2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)-3-methoxy-benzaldehyde (2) with several acetophenone derivatives 3. Subsequently, cyclocondensation reactions of chalcones 4 with hydrazine hydrate afforded the new racemic 3-aryl-5-(4-(2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-carbaldehydes 5 when the reaction was carried out in formic acid. The antifungal activity of both series of compounds against eight fungal species was determined. In general, chalcone derivatives 4 showed better activities than pyrazolines 5 against all tested fungi. None of the compounds 4a–g and 5a–g showed activity against the three Aspergillus spp. In contrast, most of the compounds 4 showed moderate to high activities against three dermatophytes (MICs 31.25–62.5 µg/mL), being 4a followed by 4c the most active structures. Interestingly, 4a and 4c possess fungicidal rather than fungistatic activities, with MFC values between 31.25 and 62.5 μg/mL. The comparison of the percentages of inhibition of C. neoformans by the most active compounds 4, allowed us to know the role played by the different substituents of the chalcones’ A-ring. Also the most anti-cryptococcal compounds 4a–c and 4g, were tested in a second panel of five clinical C. neoformans strains in order to have an overview of their inhibition capacity not only of standardized but also of clinical C. neoformans strains. DFT calculations showed that the electrophilicity is the main electronic property to explain the differences in antifungal activities for the synthesized chalcones and pyrazolines compounds. Furthermore, a quantitative reactivity analysis showed that electron-withdrawing substituted chalcones presented the higher electrophilic character and hence, the greater antifungal activities among compounds of series 4.
Non-Polar Natural Products from Bromelia laciniosa, Neoglaziovia variegata and Encholirium spectabile (Bromeliaceae)
Authors: Juvik Ole , Holmelid Bjarte , Francis George , Lie Andersen Heidi , De Oliveira Ana , Gonçalves de Oliveira Júnior Raimundo , Guedes da Silva Almeida Jackson , Fossen Torgils
Published: September 2017

Extensive regional droughts are already a major problem on all inhabited continents and severe regional droughts are expected to become an increasing and extended problem in the future. Consequently, extended use of available drought resistant food plants should be encouraged. Bromelia laciniosa, Neoglaziovia variegata and Encholirium spectabile are excellent candidates in that respect because they are established drought resistant edible plants from the semi-arid Caatinga region. From a food safety perspective, increased utilization of these plants would necessitate detailed knowledge about their chemical constituents. However, their chemical compositions have previously not been determined. For the first time, the non-polar constituents of B. laciniosa, N. variegata and E. spectabile have been identified. This is the first thorough report on natural products from N. variegata, E. spectabile, and B. laciniosa. Altogether, 20 non-polar natural products were characterized. The identifications were based on hyphenated gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (GC-HRMS) and supported by 1D and 2D Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) plant metabolomics.
Authentication of Smartphone Users Based on Activity Recognition and Mobile Sensing
Authors: Ehatisham-ul-Haq Muhammad , Azam Muhammad Awais , Loo Jonathan , Shuang Kai , Islam Syed , Naeem Usman , Amin Yasar
Published: September 2017

Smartphones are context-aware devices that provide a compelling platform for ubiquitous computing and assist users in accomplishing many of their routine tasks anytime and anywhere, such as sending and receiving emails. The nature of tasks conducted with these devices has evolved with the exponential increase in the sensing and computing capabilities of a smartphone. Due to the ease of use and convenience, many users tend to store their private data, such as personal identifiers and bank account details, on their smartphone. However, this sensitive data can be vulnerable if the device gets stolen or lost. A traditional approach for protecting this type of data on mobile devices is to authenticate users with mechanisms such as PINs, passwords, and fingerprint recognition. However, these techniques are vulnerable to user compliance and a plethora of attacks, such as smudge attacks. The work in this paper addresses these challenges by proposing a novel authentication framework, which is based on recognizing the behavioral traits of smartphone users using the embedded sensors of smartphone, such as Accelerometer, Gyroscope and Magnetometer. The proposed framework also provides a platform for carrying out multi-class smart user authentication, which provides different levels of access to a wide range of smartphone users. This work has been validated with a series of experiments, which demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework.
Status of Underutilised Crops in South Africa: Opportunities for Developing Research Capacity
Authors: Mabhaudhi Tafadzwanashe , Chimonyo Vimbayi , Modi Albert
Published: September 2017

Underutilised crops represent an important component of agro-biodiversity with potential to contribute to climate change adaptation, food security and sovereignty in poor rural areas. However, despite emerging research interest, they continue to occupy the peripheries of mainstream agriculture. There is a need to consolidate the gains made and propose a coherent strategy for translating underutilised crops into mainstream agriculture. The status of underutilised crops in South Africa (past, present and on-going research) was reviewed with a view to identifying existing gaps, opportunities and challenges for developing future research capacity. The review confirmed that several underutilised crops are drought tolerant, adapted to low levels of water use and thus suitable for cultivation in most marginal production areas typical of semi-arid and arid cropping systems. In addition, several are nutrient dense and could be used to improve dietary diversity among poor rural people. These characteristics make them ideal for inclusion in climate change adaptation and promotion of food sovereignty. There is need for a paradigm shift away from practices that have promoted a few major crops to an agro-ecology based land use classification system that recognises diversity and strengthens food networks. There is a need to identify those underutilised crops that show the greatest potential for success and can be fitted into semi-arid and arid cropping systems and prioritise them for future research, development and innovation.
Mapping Entrepreneurs’ Orientation towards Sustainability in Interaction versus Network Marketing Practices
Authors: Vătămănescu Elena-Mădălina , Gazzola Patrizia , Dincă Violeta , Pezzetti Roberta
Published: September 2017

By gliding sustainability into the mainstream areas of marketing strategy, the purpose of the current research is to analyze the influence of the entrepreneurs’ orientation towards sustainability on relational marketing practices—i.e., interaction versus network marketing. Placed within a comparative setup, the investigation included a sample of 104 business owners of Romanian small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) from the services sector, the selection of participants being subject to well-defined pre-established criteria. Acknowledging the research gap which addresses the type of business strategy fit for entrepreneurs’ orientation towards sustainability, the conceptual model integrated a categorical moderator variable (Planned/Emergent Business Strategies) as indicative of the potential heterogeneity among the hypothesized relationships. Both measurement and structural models were appraised by means of a structural equation modeling technique, respectively, component-based partial least squares (PLS-SEM). As the findings concluded, the entrepreneurs’ orientation towards sustainability accounts for almost 35% of variance in interaction marketing practices and 16% of variance in network marketing practices, thus positing a higher influence on the former. Moreover, evidence was provided that the reification of the entrepreneurs’ orientation towards sustainability in relational marketing practices was not significantly dependent on the type of business strategy.
Characterising the Physical, Phytochemical and Antioxidant Properties of the Tuckeroo (Cupaniopsis anacardioides) Fruit
Authors: Pham Ngoc , Chalmers Anita , Vuong Quan , Bowyer Michael , Scarlett Christopher
Published: September 2017

The tuckeroo (Cupaniopsis anacardioides) is an Australian native plant that fruits over the summer months. There are very few studies that have characterised its fruit; consequently, this study aimed to delineate the physical, phytochemical and antioxidant properties of the tuckeroo fruit. The tuckeroo skin embodied the largest weight proportion with over 77% of the total fruit weight and it had the highest levels of total phenolic compounds (TPC; 151.36 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids compounds (TFC; 95.94 mg CAE/g), and proanthocyanidins (Proanth; 164.86 mg CAE/g) content, as well as the strongest antioxidant power. The seed and flesh accounted for 23% of the total fruit weight and they possessed significantly lower levels of TPC, TFC and Proanth. This study has demonstrated that the tuckeroo fruit skin is a rich source of phenolic compounds, which can be further isolated and identified for further utilisation in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
Analysis of definitions of general practice, family medicine, and primary health care: a terminological analysis
Authors: Jamoulle Marc , Resnick Melissa , Vander Stichele Robert , Ittoo Ashwin , Cardillo Elena , Vanmeerbeek Marc
Published: September 2017

Background

There are numerous definitions of general practice/family medicine (GP/FM) and primary health care (PHC), but the distinction between the two concepts is unclear.

Aim

To conduct a terminological analysis of a set of definitions of GP/FM and of PHC, to clarify the commonalities and differences between these two concepts.

Design

Sets of 20 definitions were collected in two 'bags of words' (one for GP/FM and one for PHC terms). A terminological analysis of these two collections was performed to prioritise the terms and analyse their universe of discourse.

Method

The two collections were extracted with VocabGrabber, configured in two 'term clouds' using Wordle, and further explored for similarities using Tropes. The main terms were analysed using the Aristotelian approach to the categorisation of things.

Results

Although continuity of care (characterised by a person-centred approach and shared decision making) is common to both sets, the two sets of definitions differ greatly in content. The main terms specific to GP/FM (community, medicine, responsibility, individual, problem, and needs) are different from those specific to PHC (home, team, promotion, collaborator, engagement, neighbourhood, and medical centre).

Conclusion

Terminological analysis of the definitions for GP/FM and PHC shows two overlapping but distinct entities, necessitating a different taxonomic approach and different bibliographic search strategies.
Application of visible-light photosensitization to form alkyl-radical-derived thin films on gold
Authors: Quarels Rashanique D , Zhai Xianglin , Kuruppu Neepa , Hedlund Jenny K , Ellsworth Ashley A , Walker Amy V , Garno Jayne C , Ragains Justin R
Published: September 2017

Visible-light irradiation of phthalimide esters in the presence of the photosensitizer [Ru(bpy)3]2+ and the stoichiometric reducing agent benzyl nicotinamide results in the formation of alkyl radicals under mild conditions. This approach to radical generation has proven useful for the synthesis of small organic molecules. Herein, we demonstrate for the first time the visible-light photosensitized deposition of robust alkyl thin films on Au surfaces using phthalimide esters as the alkyl radical precursors. In particular, we combine visible-light photosensitization with particle lithography to produce nanostructured thin films, the thickness of which can be measured easily using AFM cursor profiles. Analysis with AFM demonstrated that the films are robust and resistant to mechanical force while contact angle goniometry suggests a multilayered and disordered film structure. Analysis with IRRAS, XPS, and TOF SIMS provides further insights.
Synthesis of benzothiophene and indole derivatives through metal-free propargyl–allene rearrangement and allyl migration
Authors: Yao Jinzhong , Xie Yajie , Zhang Lianpeng , Li Yujin , Zhou Hongwei
Published: September 2017

An efficient base-catalyzed protocol for the synthesis of benzothiophene is described. The reaction proceeds via base-promoted propargyl–allenyl rearrangement followed by cyclization and allyl migration. Phosphine-substituted indoles can be synthesized by a similar strategy.
A Survey For Planetary-mass Brown Dwarfs in the Taurus and Perseus Star-forming Regions*
Authors: Esplin T. L. , Luhman K. L.
Published: September 2017

We present the initial results from a survey for planetary-mass brown dwarfs in the Taurus star-forming region. We have identified brown dwarf candidates in Taurus using proper motions and photometry from several ground- and space-based facilities. Through spectroscopy of some of the more promising candidates, we have found 18 new members of Taurus. They have spectral types ranging from mid-M to early-L, and they include the four faintest known members in extinction-corrected K

s
, which should have masses as low as ∼4–5 M
Jup according to evolutionary models. Two of the coolest new members (M9.25, M9.5) have mid-IR excesses that indicate the presence of disks. Two fainter objects with types of M9–L2 and M9–L3 also have red mid-IR colors relative to photospheres at ≤L0, but since the photospheric colors are poorly defined at >L0, it is unclear whether they have excesses from disks. We also have obtained spectra of candidate members of the IC 348 and NGC 1333 clusters in Perseus that were identified by Luhman et al. Eight candidates are found to be probable members, three of which are among the faintest and least-massive known members of the clusters (∼5 M
Jup).