bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Insights into the Novel Biomarkers Expressed in Diabetic Nephropathy: Potential Clinical Applications
Authors: Chauhan Shalu , Bhandari Uma , Habib Anwar
Published: October 2024

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is increasing worldwide in parallel with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Identifying
diagnostic biomarkers for DN at an early stage is crucial due to the considerable societal and economic
burden associated with diabetes mellitus (DM) and its risk factors. In the past, early indicators of microvascular
problems, such as microalbuminuria (MA), have been used to predict the possibility of developing advanced
chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, because of the incapacity of MA to appropriately estimate
DN, particularly, non-albuminuric DN, additional markers have been suggested for recognizing the early renal
abnormalities and structural lesions, even before MA. This study aims to assess the existing and future biomarkers
used to diagnose or predict early DN. This review provides comprehensive insight into diagnostic approaches
for early detection of CKD, addressing the following areas: (i) markers of glomerular damage, (ii)
markers of tubular damage, (iii) oxidative stress biomarkers, (iv) inflammatory biomarkers and (v) futuristic
biomarkers such as micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs), proteomics, metabolomics and genomics and gut microbiota.
Early detection of DN may lead to improvement in clinical management and quality of life, emphasizing
the importance of identifying a specific and reliable predictive biomarker. Emerging serum and urinary biomarkers
offer promise for early DN diagnosis, potentially reducing prevalence and preventing progression to
end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Further advancements in miRNAs, proteomics, metabolomics genomics and
gut microbiota offer prospects for even earlier and more precise DN diagnosis.
A Novel Drug Delivery Platform Against Bacterial Resistance: Synthesis
and Characterization of Ciprofloxacin-loaded MCM-41 Mesoporous Silica
Nanoparticle
Authors: Sam Sanaz , Bagheri Amir Mohammad , Yahyapour Moghadeseh , Ranjbar Mehdi , Moshafi Mohammad Hassan
Published: October 2024

Backgrounds:

Advances in nanotechnology have revealed innovative applications in
pharmaceutical sciences to solve unmet medical needs. Over the past decades, antibiotic resistance
has emerged as a global concern. This catastrophic phenomenon, with a rapid increase in frequency,
indicates the urgent need for the introduction of new approaches. In this respect, as a class of inorganic
nanomaterials, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) are of interest. Amongst, MCM-41
(MCM-Mobil Composition of Matter) possesses many advantages suitable for biomedical applications
such as high pore volume, large surface area capacity, and controlled release properties as well
as high bioavailability.

Objectives:

In the current study, we aimed to develop a new drug delivery platform of ciprofloxacin
(CIP) to combat antibiotic resistance practically using MSNs.

Methods:

The MCM-41 nanoparticles were synthesized using surfactant as the templating agent.
Afterward, drug molecules were loaded in the prepared mesoporous structure, and several experiments
were conducted to assess physicochemical properties. As well, the encapsulation efficiency,
release profile, and antibacterial properties were also evaluated.

Results:

The CIP-loaded MCM-41 (CIP@MCM-41) nanoparticles represented good physicochemical
properties. The results of the DLS method showed a particle size of 93.73 nm with a low polydispersity
index (PDI) of 0.21, while SEM imaging demonstrated spherical particles with relative shape
uniformity and size distribution. The encapsulation efficacy of MCM-41 MSNs for CIP was measured
to be 28.7 % ± 0.37 followed by negligible changes over 60 days. The release profile of CIP
from prepared nanoparticles was also demonstrated to follow the zero-order kinetic model. Moreover,
CIP@MCM-41 nanoparticles exhibited high antibacterial properties against test microorganisms
(Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Micrococcus luteus).

Conclusion:

The current formulation could be a promising candidate for the delivery of therapeutic
agents to combat antibiotic resistance and promote public health.
Direct Oral Anticoagulants and Cancer-related Venous Thromboembolism: Insights from an Updated Meta-Analysis
Authors: Omidi Fatemeh , Sadeghi Soheila , Rahmannia Maryam , Bonjar Amir Hashem Shahidi , Berger Nathan A. , Nasiri Mohammad Javad
Published: October 2024

Introduction:

Cancer-associated venous thromboembolism (VTE) presents a complex
clinical challenge, with the need to balance effective anticoagulation against the risk of bleeding.
Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) offer convenience but their efficacy and safety in this context
remain debated. This systematic review and meta-analysis endeavor to evaluate the effectiveness
and safety of DOACs in managing VTE associated with cancer. The findings offer essential perspectives
to guide clinical decision-making.

Methods:

We performed an exhaustive search across electronic databases such, as PubMed, EMBASE,
and the Cochrane CENTRAL, spanning from their inception to December 15, 2023. Only
English-published articles evaluating the effectiveness and safety of DOACs in managing cancer-
associated VTE were considered. Evaluation criteria encompassed recurrent VTE, major bleeding
(MB), clinically significant non-major bleeding (CSNMB), and clinically relevant bleeding
(CRB). Statistical analyses were conducted utilizing Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software.

Results:

From the 1195 records, 8 studies with 3913 patients were included. DOACs demonstrated
a significant reduction in recurrent VTE risk (OR: 0.73, CI 95%: 0.57-0.93, p =0.01) compared
to traditional anticoagulants. However, there was a marginal increase in MB risk (OR: 1.24, CI
95%: 0.90-1.69, p =0.17) with DOACs, though not statistically significant. Notably, DOACs were
associated with a higher risk of CRNMB (OR: 1.64, CI 95%: 1.24-2.17, p <0.001) and CRB (OR:
1.22, CI 95%: 1.00-1.52, p =0.04). No publication bias was observed. Gastrointestinal cancer, Rivaroxaban/
apixaban use, switching from dalteparin, improved physical function with DOACs, specific
tumor sites, and older age subgroups were predictors for bleeding complications in cancer patients
on anticoagulant therapy.

Conclusion:

This meta-analysis provides evidence supporting the efficacy of DOACs in reducing
VTE recurrence in cancer patients. However, the increased risk of bleeding complications warrants
careful consideration in personalized treatment decisions. Ongoing research is necessary to
refine therapeutic strategies in this complex clinical landscape.
Insulin Resistance, Hyperinsulinemia and Atherosclerosis: Insights into Pathophysiological Aspects and Future Therapeutic Prospects
Authors: Papaetis Georgios S. , Sacharidou Anastasia , Michaelides Ioannis C. , Mikellidis Konstantinos C. , Karvounaris Stylianos A.
Published: October 2024

Insulin resistance describes the lack of activity of a known quantity of insulin (exogenous
or endogenous) to promote the uptake of glucose and its utilization in an individual, as
much as it does in metabolically normal individuals. On the cellular level, it suggests insufficient
power of the insulin pathway (from the insulin receptor downstream to its final substrates) that is
essential for multiple mitogenic and metabolic aspects of cellular homeostasis. Atherosclerosis is
a slow, complex, and multifactorial pathobiological process in medium to large arteries and involves
several tissues and cell types (immune, vascular, and metabolic cells). Inflammatory responses
and immunoregulation are key players in its development and progression. This paper
examines the possible pathophysiological mechanisms that govern the connection of insulin resistance,
hyperinsulinemia, and the closely associated cardiometabolic syndrome with atherosclerosis,
after exploring thoroughly both in vitro and in vivo (preclinical and clinical) evidence.
It also discusses the importance of visualizing and developing novel therapeutic strategies and
targets for treatment, to face this metabolic state through its genesis.
A Brief Review on Caenorhabditis elegans Role in Modelling Neurodegenerative Disease
Authors: Vig Himangi , shukla Priyanka , Mishra Anamika , pal Ayushi , Wal Ankita
Published: October 2024

A small, translucent nematode known as Caenorhabditis elegans, or C. elegans, is
frequently utilized as a model organism in biomedical studies. These worms, which are around
1 mm long and feed on bacteria, are usually found in soil. For accessible and effective research
on genetics, developmental biology, neuroscience, cell biology, and aging, C. elegans provide
an ideal model. Its simplicity, which includes a translucent body and a nervous system with only
302 neurons, makes it possible to see cellular and developmental processes in great detail. Because
of its special benefits, the worm Caenorhabditis elegans allows for a thorough characterization
of the cellular and molecular processes causing age-related neurodegenerative diseases.
This is a general review of the life cycle, experimental methodologies, and the use of C. elegans
to model brain diseases, including those related to molecular and genetic factors that cause neurodegenerative
diseases. Additionally, we go over how C. elegans is a perfect model organism
for studying neurons in instances of prevalent age-related neurodegenerative illnesses due to a
combination of its biological traits and new analytical techniques.
The literature review process was carried out step-by-step using online search databases such as
Web of Science, PubMED, Embase, Google Scholar, Medline, and Google Patents. In the first
searches, keywords like C.elegans, disease modelling, and neuroprotective activity were employed.
Because of C. elegans's physiological transparency, it is possible to track the development of
neurodegeneration in aging organisms by using co-expressed fluorescent proteins. Importantly,
a fully characterized connectome provides a unique ability to precisely connect cellular death
with behavioural instability or phenotypic diversity in vivo, thus permitting a deep knowledge
of the detrimental effect of neurodegeneration on wellbeing.
In addition, pharmacological therapies and both forward and reverse gene screening speed up
the discovery of modifiers that change neurodegeneration. These chemical-genetic investigations
work together to determine important threshold states that either increase or decrease cellular
stress in order to unravel related pathways.
A Bibliometric Analysis of Research Trends in Aging and Leisure Activities from 2000 to 2023
Authors: Begam J Mufina , Azeez E P. Abdul
Published: October 2024

Background:

Physical and leisure activities are vital for active aging. Leisure activities
among the aging population have received attention from scholars in the recent past. However,
the research contributions and trends in this field are unknown. Therefore, a bibliometric
analysis was conducted to explore the scholarly contributions in aging and leisure activities to
identify the research output trends, assess thematic focuses, and analyze research collaboration
patterns.

Methods:

We extracted data from the Scopus database for the period 2000-2023 and identified
443 articles focusing on aging and leisure activities. Tools, such as bibliographical coupling
networks and thematic analysis, were applied using R and Biblioshiny to uncover core themes
and connections.

Results:

There has been a significant increase in research output since 2021, with contributions
from numerous authors and countries, particularly the United States and China. Thematic analysis
reveals central themes, such as physical activity, successful aging, and cognition.

Conclusion:

This analysis reveals the evolving nature of scholarly discussions in aging and leisure,
highlighting key themes, such as physical activity, cognitive aging, and health promotion.
The findings emphasize the growing interest and global collaboration in this interdisciplinary
research domain.
Intestinal Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Potential of Arthrospira platensis Aqueous Extract on DNBS-Induced Colitis in BALB/c Mice
Authors: Aziez Meriem , Bribi Noureddine , Merakeb Mohamed Sofiane , Ferhat Riad , Affenai Safia
Published: October 2024

Background:

The most common Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) affecting the gastrointestinal
system are Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. However, the usual therapies for them
are associated with a multitude of side effects. The blue-green microalgae Arthrospira platensis is
known for its safety profile, nutritional, and medicinal properties in the treatment of different inflammatory
and gastrointestinal disorders.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to investigate the potential intestinal anti-inflammatory
effects of the aqueous extract derived from Arthrospira platensis (AAP) in a mouse model of
DNBS-induced colitis.

Methods:

GC-MS and FTIR-ATR were used to determine the different types of chemical compounds
found in the AAP extract. BALB/c mice that received DNBS intrarectally were treated with
three doses (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) of AAP for three days. The inflammatory status was assessed
daily using a Disease Activity Index (DAI). Mice were sacrificed on the third day, and the extent of
colonic damage was evaluated through both macroscopic and histological examinations. Finally,
biochemical assays of different markers (MDA, NO, and GSH) were performed.

Results:

The GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of eleven bioactive compounds, including 2-
thiophenecarboxylic acid, 2-biphenyl ester, palmitic acid, 2-linoleoyl glycerol, ethyl isoallocholate,
and methyl palmitate. In addition, FTIR spectroscopy revealed the presence of amino, hydroxyl,
and glucosidic groups. The treatment of colitic mice with AAP decreased the severity of colitis, as
demonstrated by the improvement in the clinical score and the reduction of colonic tissue damage,
as well as the modulation of the local biochemical marker levels.

Conclusion:

The AAP effectively improves DNBS-induced colitis, but its short treatment duration
and focus on acute colitis highlight the need for further research on long-term and chronic effects.
Liberal Democracy and Social Economic Development: Sub-Regional Comparison 1940-2020
Authors: Aminuddin M Faishal , Nurjannah Nurjannah
Published: October 2024

The link between liberal democracy and social economic development is still a subject of debate. Findings from country-based analyses compared to those based on specific factors at multiregional and global sizes are mixed. By focusing on objects based on sub-region analysis, this study contributes to the effort of connecting the common thread and narrowing the ambivalent space. This study reveals that across seven sub-regions with diverse experiences of liberal democracy, only has a substantial effect on social economic growth, and vice versa, in regions that have experienced liberal democracy for less than ten years.
Effect of Weather Conditions to Vascular Streak Dieback Disease Severity on Some Cocoa Clones with Different Resistant Levels
Authors:   Universitas Brawijaya, Aini Febrilia Nur , Aini Luqman Qurata ,   Universitas Brawijaya, Syibli Muhammad Akhi ,   Universitas Brawijaya, Sari Indah Anita ,   Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute, Susilo Agung Wahyu ,   Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute, Setyawan Bayu ,   Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute, Malik Abdul ,   Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute, Budiman Aris ,   Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute
Published: October 2024

Vascular streak dieback is a major disease in cocoa trees that affects at in various stages, and effect in significant yield losses. This study aimed to identify the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), infection rate (r), and the influence of weather factors on the development of vascular streak dieback disease caused by Ceratobasidium theobromae in some cocoa clones with different resistant levels. The research used a randomized complete block design consisted six clones as treatment and each treatment consisted of three replications. Disease severity was observed on six different cocoa clones and observations were conducted monthly. The observation of disease severity was observed monthly for 12 months and then used to analyze AUDPC and infection rate. Monthly data on the weather conditions were taken from the climatology station of the Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Center, East Java. The results showed that Sulawesi 01 and ICCRI 09, categorized as resistant clones, showed low AUDPC values, 0.02 and 2.85 respectively. The cocoa clones Sulawesi 02 and MCC 02, categorized as tolerant clones, had higher AUDPC values, 19.87 and 34.27 respectively. The cocoa clones BCL and BL 50 showed the highest AUDPC values, 277.05 and 265.70 respectively. Path analysis on resistant clones indicated that rainfall is the most influential weather factor in increasing the severity of vascular streak dieback, followed by temperature. Higher relative humidity can significantly reduce disease severity, while sunlight and wind speed have smaller effects. In contrast, path analysis on susceptible clones showed that temperature, rainfall, relative humidity, and wind speed all positively influence the severity of vascular streak dieback. At the same time, sunlight has a mitigating effect.
Development of Cadra cautella Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on Peanuts, Almonds, and Cashews
Authors:   Universitas Brawijaya, Rahayu Fitria Ariani , Astuti Ludji Pantja ,   Universitas Brawijaya, Rizali Akhmad ,   Universitas Brawijaya
Published: October 2024

Cadra cautella Walker pest (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is a group of significant pests that can attack various stored products. The presence of C. cautella can cause damage to stored products, i.e. holes, contamination, and weight loss of stored products. This study aimed to determine the development time and life cycle of C. cautella in peanuts, almonds, and cashews. This research consisted of three diets repeated ten times and arranged in a Completely Randomized Design. This research carried out by preparing 30 eggs (0–24 h old) in each insect diet. The observed variables consist of the development of each phase (eggs, I-V instar larvae, prepupae pupae, adult), life cycle, longevity, fecundity, and fertility. The result showed that the diet type significantly affected the development of C. cautella. The developmental time and life cycle of C. cautella on cashews was shorter than on peanuts and almonds. Furthermore, the fecundity and fertility of C. cautella on cashews was higher than on peanuts and almonds. The results showed that cashews were of the suitable diets for the development of C. cautella.
Examining the impact of the flipped classroom model on student engagement and academic performance in college dance theory courses
Authors:   Faculty of Social Sciences and Liberal Arts, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Shang Ran ,   Music College, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, China, Attan Sri Azra ,   Faculty of Social Sciences and Liberal Arts, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: October 2024

This study examines the role of the flipped classroom model in college dance theory courses based on constructivist learning theory. The research used structural equation modeling to explore the connections between the flipped classroom model (FC), student engagement (SE), and academic performance (AP) among 365 students. The results showed that the FC positively influenced SE but had a slightly negative direct effect on AP. These findings suggest that while the flipped classroom can enhance student engagement, its direct impact on academic performance is more complex and requires further investigation. This study adds to the understanding of teaching strategies in higher education and highlights the complexities of applying constructivist principles in course design and delivery.
Organizational foundations of the post-war restoration of the railway healthcare system in the territories of the Central Chernozem regions (1945‒1959)
Authors: Golovin E. A.
Published: October 2024

The relevance. The geopolitical situation that has developed at the moment, of course, emphasizes the extremely important importance of providing timely and qualified medical care, primarily in critical and non-standard conditions. In 2024, the healthcare system on the country's railways turns 180 years old. During this time, Russian transport medicine has accumulated a wealth of experience in maintaining the health of railway workers and their family members, even in the most difficult periods of history. In the post-war years, there was an active restoration of the functioning of medical and sanitary institutions on railway transport. By 1950, large-scale work was carried out in the Central Chernozem region to expand the medical network and the volume of services for railway workers, their family members, as well as industry veterans. It should be noted that the railway healthcare system has performed and continues to perform important social functions, guaranteeing medical care to employees with a special regime of performing professional duties. That is why the study of the experience of the functioning of transport medicine is relevant today.

The purpose of the study is to comprehensively consider the organizational, managerial, and logistical conditions for the development of transport healthcare in the Central Chernozem region in the 1940s and early 1950s.

The objectives: to reveal the specifics of healthcare in railway transport in the period under review; to characterize the main problems in the organization of medical care for railway workers.

Methodology. The principles of objectivity and historicism were used as the methodological basis of the work. To solve the tasks set, the author used historical-genetic, historical-systemic, historical-comparative, typological, retrospective methods.

Results. The study and generalization of archival sources made it possible to objectively assess the specifics and problems of medical care for railway workers in the regions of the Central Chernozem region in the first post-war years.

Conclusions. During the period under review, transport healthcare in the Central Chernozem region was actively restored and developed. The full-fledged provision of qualified medical care to railway workers was primarily hampered by logistical problems.
A METHOD FOR OBTAINING SECURE AND EFFICIENT GROUP KEY OVER WIRELESS AD-HOC NETWORKS BASED ON A VIRTUAL SUBNET MODEL
Authors:   National Institute of Technology, Triuchirappalli, India, PJ A Alphonse , Reddy Y Venkatramana ,   National Institute of Technology, Triuchirappalli, India
Published: October 2024

Today, mobile devices such as PDAs and notebooks etc are became most important in human life. A MANET is a mobile ad-hoc network which supports all types of communication such as unicast, multicast and “many-to-many” transmission. Until recently, efficient methods were not devised to generate group key for such groups. Generally, communication in wireless networks is, the risk of sensitive information being intercepted by unintended recipients is a real concern. So, MANETs require efficient and secure group communication. With the model, the groups are established as the forming of group keys. Our results show that this approach can completely satisfy the today’s needs of both security and efficiency for group communication.
DETECTION OF MALEVOLENT NODES IN INTERNET OF THINGS NODES USING A TRUST BEHAVIOURAL FRAMEWORK
Authors:   Government College of Engineering, Thirussur, India, P K Swaraj , G Kiruthiga ,   IES College of Engineering, India
Published: October 2024

Secured internet routing in IoT has been an important study since last decade, but it has seriously threatened the data protection due to the impact of malicious nodes. An effective mechanism is therefore essential, since most of them are vulnerable to attack, to detect and prevent malicious nodes in IoT. A Trust Framework (TF) for improving diagnosis and preventing malignant nodes in IoTs is suggested in this article. This system monitors the disruptive activity of nodes in the network during agility and connectivity. It helps prevent the malicious node from affecting the packets that are run on the level of the confidence. This identification and avoidance helps to enhance packet routing with high privacy between IoT nodes.
NODE BASED CLONE ATTACK DETECTION IN STATIC WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS
Authors:   M.I.E.T Arts and Science College, India, J Anthoniraj
Published: October 2024

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a combination of autonomous sensor nodes and used to monitor various physical conditions. Static and mobile are two types of WSN. In static WSN the sensor nodes do not alter their positions after deployment. Due to the security constraints, WSN is vulnerable to various types of attacks. In that, Clone attack is the most dangerous attack on WSN. In Clone attack an adversary physically captures a sensor node. It reprograms the detained node and generates many clone nodes. The real nodes and clone nodes are installed in the sensor field, so clone node identification is a difficult task. The new protocol proposed to identify the clone nodes in the static WSN called as Node Based Clone Attack Detection (NBCAD) protocol. This protocol detects the clones in a efficient manner compare with SET and RED protocols. The advantage of proposed NBCAD protocol include high clone detection ratio, minimum communication overhead, minimum end-to-end delay, minimum latency time and high throughput.
VISIBLE WINDOW IMAGE RAY TRACING METHOD TO MODEL RADIO WAVE PROPAGATION IN FEMTOCELLULAR WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
Authors:   University of Sabha, Libya, Awafie Fathi , A. Abujnah Nabeil ,   University of Sabha, Libya, Ukasha Ali ,   University of Sabha, Libya, B Abdurrhman Ahmed ,   University of Sabha, Libya, Alshanokie Ali ,   University of Sabha, Libya
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we present the simulation of the characteristics of radio wave propagation in femto-cellular wireless communication environment. The first aim has been to find a correct description of the environment for received wave. The result of the first investigations is that the environment of the indoor wave significantly changes as we change the electric parameters of material constructions. A modified 3D ray tracing image method tool has been utilized which called Visible Window Image Method (VWIM) for the coverage prediction. A detailed analysis about the behavior of the rays using the electromagnetic wave propagation mechanism classification as Line of sight rays, reflected rays, transmitted rays, and diffracted rays are considered.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MESH-BASED MULTICAST ROUTING PROTOCOLS ON QOS PARAMETERS USING ENERGY MODEL
Authors:   Mewar University, India, Hasti Ashema , U S Pandey ,   University of Delhi, India
Published: October 2024

Energy is a critical resource for mobile devices as it determines the stability of a network and affects the packet delivery ratio (PDR) in Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs). ODMRP and CAMP have been analyzed by only a few researchers earlier and most of the studies compare them using the Quality-of-Service parameters including throughput, PDR and latency, by varying the network size, number of senders and node speed. This paper adds a new dimension of energy utilization to the analysis by examining these two popular protocols using their energy efficiency and related parameters such as hop count and control overhead. The two protocols have been simulated and monitored here using NS3 tool which has not been used in previous researches for multicast routing protocols. The tool provides a scalable realistic environment with result analysis capability and it allows addition of modules for new protocol implementation. Secondly, the paper performs statistical comparison of the two protocols using nonparametric test for statistical confirmation of the simulation results. The outcomes of the analysis show CAMP to perform better in all dynamic scenarios for energy metric except in changing node speed. The results are derived after using an underlying demand based unicast routing protocol for CAMP implementation not used in earlier implementations. The analysis results of this research may be used by the network administrators to choose appropriate multicast routing mechanism where network stability cannot be compromised due to limited energy.
MEDIUM ACCESS CONTROL BASED BUSY TONE ROUTING IN MANET
Authors:   Annapoorana Engineering College, India, O Saravanan , Sankar T P Udhaya ,   Annapoorana Engineering College, India, V Saravanan ,   Dambi Dollo University, Ethiopia, R Manikandan ,   The Quaide Milleth College for Men, India
Published: October 2024

Several MANET designs looked into renewable resource efficient protocols. The amount of energy dissipated by MANET nodes is an important coordinating component. In monitoring applications, power usage is ensured, and battery depletions are reduced to avoid frequent replacement. MANET's primary goal is to relay data by utilising energy-efficient routing techniques and extending the network's lifespan. In this research, we provide an Energy Efficient Protocol on Remaining Energy, a new paradigm for MANET multicasting. Our idea is based on a tone system that integrates solutions across the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer to deliver more efficiency and better performance. To provide increased stability and lower energy consumption, the protocol includes a new construction mechanism for mobile nodes that uses a clustering strategy based on distance and remaining energy. We also propose modifying the conventional multicast flow by introducing unicast links between clusters. In addition, we describe a strategy based on a busy tone system to eliminate excessive control overhead produced by control packets in error recovery in our model. The simulation results are displayed in NS2, and they indicate improvements in reliability, packet delivery ratio, energy usage, and throughput.
DYNAMIC BANDWIDTH ALLOCATION SCHEME FOR ENHANCED PERFORMANCE IN 5G POINT-TO-POINT NETWORKS
Authors:   Dr. Ambedkar Institute of Technology, India, K.S. Tanuja , C.V. Shanmukaswamy ,   Siddaganga Institute of Technology, India, H.B. Gurushankar ,   Shridevi Institute of Engineering and Technology, India, H.A. Dinesh ,   Shridevi Institute of Engineering and Technology, India
Published: October 2024

This paper proposes a novel dynamic bandwidth allocation scheme for enhancing performance in 5G point-to-point networks. The scheme aims to optimize bandwidth utilization by dynamically allocating resources based on traffic demands and quality of service (QoS) requirements. Through continuous traffic monitoring, QoS analysis, and adaptive allocation algorithms, the scheme ensures optimal resource allocation in real-time. Additionally, load balancing techniques and a feedback mechanism further improve performance by distributing traffic evenly and incorporating user feedback. The proposed scheme contributes to the efficient utilization of available bandwidth resources, optimized QoS provisioning, and adaptation to changing network conditions, thereby enhancing the overall performance of 5G point-to-point networks.
EMOGAN LABEL-CHANGING APPROACH FOR EMOTIONAL STATE ANALYSIS IN MOBILE COMMUNICATION USING MONKEY ALGORITHM
Authors:   Wollega University, Ethiopia, Babu P. Ramesh , Kesavan R. Nandhi ,   CMR University, India, A Sivaramakrishnan ,   Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, India, Kumar G. Sai Chaitanya ,   DVR and Dr. HS MIC College of Technology, India
Published: October 2024

In mobile communication, understanding and analyzing emotional states plays a pivotal role in enhancing user experience and communication dynamics. Existing emotional state analysis methods often face challenges in accurately capturing dynamic changes in users' emotions during mobile communication. The lack of adaptability and real-time responsiveness hinders the effectiveness of these methods, highlighting the need for a novel approach. Despite the advancements in emotion analysis techniques, there is a gap in addressing real-time label-changing requirements in mobile communication. Existing methods lack the flexibility to adjust emotional labels dynamically, limiting their applicability in capturing the nuances of evolving emotional states. This research addresses the need for an efficient emotional state analysis approach by introducing the EmoGAN Label-Changing Methodology, utilizing the innovative Monkey Algorithm. The EmoGAN Label-Changing Approach integrates Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) with the Monkey Algorithm to enable real-time label adjustments based on evolving emotional cues. This hybrid methodology leverages GANs for generating diverse emotional labels and employs the Monkey Algorithm for adaptive learning and quick adjustments, ensuring the model's responsiveness to changing emotional states. The experimental results demonstrate the superior performance of the EmoGAN Label-Changing Approach compared to traditional emotion analysis methods. The model successfully adapts to real-time emotional fluctuations, providing more accurate and timely insights into users' emotional states during mobile communication.
Design, Implementation, and Analysis of an Assessment and Accreditation Model to Evaluate a Digital Competence Framework for Health Professionals: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Saigí-Rubió Francesc , Romeu Teresa , Hernández Encuentra Eulàlia , Guitert Montse , Andrés Erik , Reixach Elisenda
Published: October 2024

Background

Although digital health is essential for improving health care, its adoption remains slow due to the lack of literacy in this area. Therefore, it is crucial for health professionals to acquire digital skills and for a digital competence assessment and accreditation model to be implemented to make advances in this field.

Objective

This study had two objectives: (1) to create a specific map of digital competences for health professionals and (2) to define and test a digital competence assessment and accreditation model for health professionals.

Methods

We took an iterative mixed methods approach, which included a review of the gray literature and consultation with local experts. We used the arithmetic mean and SD in descriptive statistics, P values in hypothesis testing and subgroup comparisons, the greatest lower bound in test diagnosis, and the discrimination index in study instrument analysis.

Results

The assessment model designed in accordance with the competence content defined in the map of digital competences and based on scenarios had excellent internal consistency overall (greatest lower bound=0.91). Although most study participants (110/122, 90.2%) reported an intermediate self-perceived digital competence level, we found that the vast majority would not attain a level-2 Accreditation of Competence in Information and Communication Technologies.

Conclusions

Knowing the digital competence level of health professionals based on a defined competence framework should enable such professionals to be trained and updated to meet real needs in their specific professional contexts and, consequently, take full advantage of the potential of digital technologies. These results have informed the Health Plan for Catalonia 2021-2025, thus laying the foundations for creating and offering specific training to assess and certify the digital competence of such professionals.
Game-Based eHealth Interventions for the Reduction of Fatigue in People With Chronic Diseases: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Warlo Leonie S , El Bardai Souraya , de Vries Andrica , van Veelen Marie-Lise , Moors Suzan , Rings Edmond HHM , Legerstee Jeroen S , Dierckx Bram
Published: October 2024

Background

Fatigue is a common and debilitating side effect of chronic diseases, significantly impacting patients’ quality of life. While physical exercise and psychological treatments have been shown to reduce fatigue, patients often struggle with adherence to these interventions in clinical practice. Game-based eHealth interventions are believed to address adherence issues by making the intervention more accessible and engaging.

Objective

This study aims to compile empirical evidence on game-based eHealth interventions for fatigue in individuals with chronic diseases and to evaluate their effectiveness in alleviating fatigue.

Methods

A comprehensive literature search was performed across Embase, MEDLINE ALL, PsycINFO, Web of Science Core Collection, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Google Scholar in August 2021. Study characteristics and outcomes from the included studies were extracted, and a random-effects meta-analysis was conducted. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses were performed to identify sources of heterogeneity.

Results

Of 1742 studies identified, 17 were included in the meta-analysis. These studies covered 5 different chronic diseases: multiple sclerosis (n=10), cancer (n=3), renal disease (n=2), stroke (n=1), and Parkinson disease (n=1). All but 1 study used exergaming interventions. The meta-analysis revealed a significant moderate effect size in reducing fatigue favoring the experimental interventions (standardized mean difference [SMD] –0.65, 95% CI –1.09 to –0.21, P=.003) compared with control conditions consisting of conventional care and no care. However, heterogeneity was high (I2=85.87%). Subgroup analyses were conducted for the 2 most prevalent diseases. The effect size for the multiple sclerosis subgroup showed a trend in favor of eHealth interventions (SMD –0.47, 95% CI –0.95 to 0.01, P=.05, I2=63.10%), but was not significant for the cancer group (SMD 0.61, 95% CI –0.36 to 1.58, P=.22). Balance exercises appeared particularly effective in reducing fatigue (SMD –1.19, 95% CI –1.95 to –0.42, P=.002).

Conclusions

Game-based eHealth interventions appear effective in reducing fatigue in individuals with chronic diseases. Further research is needed to reinforce these findings and explore their impact on specific diseases. Additionally, there is a lack of investigation into interventions beyond exergaming within the field of game-based learning.
Mobile Phone Syndromic Surveillance for Respiratory Conditions in an Emergency (COVID-19) Context in Colombia: Representative Survey Design (Preprint)
Authors: Vecino-Ortiz Andres I , Guzman-Tordecilla Deivis Nicolas , Maniar Vidhi , Agudelo-Londoño Sandra , Franco-Suarez Oscar , Aya Pastrana Nathaly , Rodríguez-Patarroyo Mariana , Mejía-Rocha Marino , Cardona Jaime , Chavez Chamorro Mariangela , Gibson Dustin
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Syndromic surveillance for respiratory infections such as COVID-19 is a crucial part of the public health surveillance toolkit as it allows decision makers to detect and prepare for new waves of the disease in advance. However, it is labor-intensive, costly, and increases exposure to survey personnel. This study assesses the feasibility of conducting a mobile phone–based respiratory syndromic surveillance program in a middle-income country during a public health emergency, providing data to support the inclusion of this method in the standard infection control protocols at the population level.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to assess the feasibility of a national active syndromic surveillance system for COVID-19 disease in Colombia.

METHODS

In total, 2 pilots of syndromic mobile phone surveys (MPSs) were deployed using interactive voice response technology in Colombia (367 complete surveys in March 2022 and 451 complete surveys in April and May 2022). Respondents aged 18 years and older were sampled using random digit dialing, and after obtaining consent, they were sent a 10-minute survey with modules on sociodemographic status, respiratory symptoms, past exposure to COVID-19 infection and vaccination status, preferences about COVID-19 vaccination, and information source for COVID-19. Pilot 1 used a nationally representative sample while pilot 2 used quota sampling to yield representative results at the regional level. In this work, we assessed the performance characteristics of the survey pilots and compared the demographic information collected with a nationally representative household survey.

RESULTS

For both pilots, contact rates were between 1% and 2%, while participation rates were above 80%. The results revealed that younger, female, and higher educated participants were more likely to participate in the syndromic survey. Survey rates as well as demographics, COVID-19 vaccination status, and prevalence of respiratory symptoms are reported for both pilots. We found that respondents of the MPSs are more likely to be younger and female.

CONCLUSIONS

In a COVID-19 pandemic setting, using an interactive voice response MPS to conduct syndromic surveillance may be a transformational, low-risk, and feasible method to detect outbreaks. This evaluation expects to provide a path forward to the inclusion of MPSs as a traditional surveillance method.
The Impact of Smartphone-Based Messaging on Nurses and Interns at an Academic Medical Center (Preprint)
Authors: Madabhushi Sankirth , Nguyen Andrew M , Hsia Katie , Kher Sucharita , Harvey William , Murzyncki Jennifer , Chandler Daniel , Davis Michael
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

The increasing use of secure messaging in medical centers has led to concerns about alert fatigue and the impact on clinician burnout. This study is aimed at characterizing messaging patterns between nurses and medicine interns to inform interventions to mitigate these issues.

OBJECTIVE

The aim is to analyze messaging patterns between nurses and medicine interns at an academic medical center using the TigerConnect platform, with the goal of informing interventions to reduce alert fatigue and improve clinician well-being.

METHODS

This observational study analyzed TigerConnect transactions between 25 internal medicine interns and 96 nurses over five months. Data on message volume, patterns, and response times were collected and analyzed using Python and R.

RESULTS

Interns exchanged significantly more messages per day with nurses than vice versa. The peak message volume occurred in the mid-morning and late evening. Although both groups responded to messages quickly, interns had a higher burden of messages.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings highlight the need for interventions to reduce the burden of messages on clinicians. Strategies like geographic cohorting of patients, scheduled quiet hours, and proactive face-to-face check-ins may help reduce alert fatigue and improve clinician well-being. Future research should explore the efficacy of these interventions in decreasing burnout and improving communication outcomes.
Influence of Digital Games on the short-term memory of university students (Preprint)
Authors: Barata Nuno Cravo
Published: October 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Multiple recent studies, namely laboratory-based systematic review articles and applied or experimental research, have indicated the association, particularly in young or adult users, between results in measurements of short-term memory (STM) with the frequency and intensity of playing games using various forms of electronic support, globally known as digital games (DG). In this sense, we used an experimental study applied to the assessment of STM among university students, based on a comparative analysis between two groups, one of intensive users of digital games (IDG), and the other not (NIDG), statistically comparing the two results. The starting hypothesis holds that it is possible to statistically demonstrate that subjects who intensely use DG present, when tested in a laboratory context, higher results in STM tests. A self-assessment scale for the use of DG was used to define the experimental groups and, for data production, a subtest from the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Adults measured for the Portuguese population, the digit span (or digit memory), experimentally adapted from a program produced using stimulus presentation software, SuperLab6. It was developed with 164 university students, with identical gender distribution, from a higher education institution. The results of the student t test indicated the presence of statistically significant differences between the groups. There are significant differences between the groups regarding STM according to the DOD. The potential applicability of the STM assessment program to different groups and objectives is concluded, particularly in an experimental context, and suggests its possible adoption as a Psychology tool in the areas of cognition.
Determination of NPS Fertilizer Rate on Bread Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) in Yaya Gullele District of North Shewa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia
Authors: Girma Dereje , Getahun Dejene , Tolosa Meron
Published: October 2024

Inappropriate crop management practices are among the key elements that contributed to the low production of wheat. Moreover, the application of balanced fertilizers and nutrient requirements of the crop is the basis to produce more crop yield from the land under cultivation. Hence, a field experiment was conducted in the 2020 & 2021 main cropping season to determine the NPS fertilizer rate in relative to determined the P-critical and P-requirement factor for wheat and to estimate the economically feasible NPS fertilizer rate for higher yield of wheat in Yaya gulale District. Accordingly the result indicated that, plant height was not significantly (P > 0.05 ) influenced by the NPS fertilizer rate but spike length, biomass, and grain yield were highly significantly (P < 0.05) affected by the NPS fertilizer rate. The highest plant height (86.72cm), spike length (6.57cm), biomass yield (12163kg ha-1) and grain yield (3327 kg ha-1) of wheat were recorded by the application of 75% P-critical from NPS fertilizer rate supplemented with recommended Nitrogen whereas, the lowest value was recorded from the field without fertilizer which was significantly inferior to all other treatments. Furthermore, the economic analysis indicates that, application of NPS fertilizer at the rate of 75% P-critical in NPS fertilizer with recommended Nitrogen fertilizer (92 kg N ha-1) for the production of wheat was more economically beneficial for the district. In conclusion, farmers and other end users could be advised to use 75% PC from NPS fertilizer rate with recommended nitrogen for wheat production in the district and other areas having similar soil types and agro- ecology.
Bibliometric Analysis of Chinese Community Interpreter Research
Authors: Tingting Ren
Published: October 2024

In recent years, the research on community interpreting abroad has developed rapidly, while the research in this field in China is still insufficient and has not received sufficient attention. This study selected 90 domestic literatures on community interpreting research in the past 15 years, constructed a database, and used scientific measurement methods for analysis and exploration, aiming to clarify its development context, characteristics and trends, and provide useful references for the in-depth and refined research of domestic community interpreting in the future.