bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tradycja obrzędu mandatum w katedrze wawelskiej w późnym średniowieczu na podstawie rękopisów z Archiwum Krakowskiej Kapituły Katedralnej
Authors: Danilewicz Katarzyna
Published: October 2023

The Mandatum rite, performed in the Western Church in the liturgy of Maundy Thursdayat least since the 8th century, over time had taken on an individual shape in differentliturgical centres. The purpose of this article is to present the late medieval traditionof the Mandatum rite performed in The Wawel Cathedral, based on musical andliturgical manuscripts written for the use of the Cathedral and kept in the Archives ofthe Cracow Cathedral Chapter: Missale Ms 2, Graduals Ms 43 and 45, and PassionaleMs 58. The article includes transcription of rubrics and liturgical text, as well as translationof chanted antiphons and verses, and transcription of melodies.
Dotacje z Narodowego Funduszu Rewaloryzacji Zabytków Krakowa dla obiektów sakralnych na wzgórzu wawelskim
Authors: Sendor Albert
Published: October 2023

The paper describes the conservation work carried out over the past 31 years on thesacral objects on Wawel Hill, financed by grants secured by the Public Committee forthe Renewal of Cracow Monuments (SKOZK) from the National Fund for the Restorationof Monuments of Cracow (NFRZK). In 1991, SKOZK for the first time awardedfunding for conservation works inside the cathedral. Since then, it can be observed thatannual co-financing of conservation works in the cathedral and other church buildingson Wawel Hill has been regularly provided each year, indicating both the scope of theneeds related to the conservation of these monuments and the consequences of neglectduring the communist era. The awareness of the importance of the heritage and theconcern for its preservation for future generations led to necessary decisive actions.In the 1990s, a comprehensive conservation program for Wawel Hill was proposed.The presented guidelines aimed to encompass all the necessary actions to be carriedout at Wawel within a 10-year period. The successful implementation of the programled to the continuation of the work in subsequent years. Without the grants from theNFRZK, the realization of many of the projects would have been impossible. The paperincludes a table listing all the conservation projects conducted in the sacral objects onWawel Hill up until 2022.
Cztery listy i telegram
Authors: Michalik Jan
Published: October 2023

Four unpublished as yet letters of Karol Estreicher to Helena Modjeska andher husband Karol Chłapowski from 1870–91 as well as a cable from a groupof persons are a precious addition that helps to learn about the cultural (artistic,literary, and journalist) milieu that attracted her attention in Cracowand Warsaw. Furthermore, the correspondence gives us a glimpse into the personalityand the sense of humor of the respected bibliographer, librarian, andhistorian of theater that Estreicher was. In this latter role, he combined hisprofessional interests with a personal affection towards the actress.
Modrzejewska i sceniczne reprezentacje macierzyństwa w XIX wieku
Authors: Jarząbek-Wasyl Dorota
Published: October 2023

The text is devoted to the significance of the mother figure in the life and careerof Helena Modjeska. Starting with the artist’s relationship with her mother,Józefa Bend, and her own experiences of motherhood, the author tracesthe creations of characters of mothers in Modjeska’s stage career, identifyingthe types of mother-lover and a rival of her own daughter in the contemporarydrama, as well as tragic mother in poetic drama. The theater representations ofmotherhood are juxtaposed with the normative image of womanhood of thetimes and confronted with the self-creation Modjeska undertook in public life.
„Kobieca szkoła malarstwa dla celów przemysłowych” Lucyny Kotarbińskiej
Authors: Kowalska Agnieszka
Published: October 2023

Lucyna Kotarbińska (1858–1941) was a writer, publicist and social activist, as well as a drawing teacher and artist. In 1893, together with her husband, Józef Kotarbiński, she moved to Cracow, where he was employed as actor of the Municipal Theatre, and from 1899 to 1905 served as its director. About a year after arriving in the ‘city of kings,’ Lucyna decided to set up a school where she planned to educate women in applied arts. The facility operated for five years up to around 1900. It probably already existed at the time of Modjeska’s guest performances in Cracow in 1895. Being in the city in this period, Modjeska might have heard about Mrs. Lucyna’s initiative. However, their acquaintance deepened only at the time of the last performances of the star. This short article addresses the issues concerning both the person of Lucyna Kotarbińska and her school, information about the reasons that made her establish an artistic institution, and the impact she had on the education of women in Cracow.
Un distanciamiento de la visión antropocéntrica de los derechos de las víctimas no humanas y la importancia de la cosmovisión de los pueblos indígenas
Authors: Validivia Ingrid
Published: October 2023

El avance en el alcance e interpretación de los derechos ha permitido no solamente que poco a poco se brinden mayores garantías para las personas humanas, tanto a nivel nacional como internacional, sino que se modifique la noción misma de los sujetos de derechos. En este sentido, actualmente, la protección se ha ampliado para cobijar a los denominados seres no humanos, como pueden ser los animales, ríos o plantas. Respecto a estas tendencias cabe preguntarse: ¿este nuevo entendimiento de los derechos se debe a un verdadero cambio de perspectiva que concibe a los seres no humanos como sujetos de derechos? O, por el contrario, ¿las nuevas tendencias reconocen los derechos de seres no humanos porque es posible que los daños a ellos afecten directa o indirectamente a los seres humanos? La respuesta a esta última inquietud es relevante, dado que eso determina tanto el alcance de la protección a los seres no humanos como las formas de reparación. Por ello, el presente texto pretende exponer los derechos de los seres no humanos proponiendo que una visión distinta a la antropocéntrica tradicional, como es la cosmovisión indígena, puede permitir una mejor comprensión de los derechos de los seres no humanos y su derecho a la reparación.
Factors Affecting the Quality of Life of Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Maharani Alifka Deti Sri , Rejeki Dwi Sarwani Sri , Wijayanti Siwi Pramatama Mars
Published: October 2023

Background: Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide in 2020. This systematic review aims to identify the factors that affect the quality of life of breast cancer patients so that the results of this systematic ventilation can help health professionals develop appropriate interventions. Method: This systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. This study aims to identify the factors that affect the quality of life of breast cancer patients. A comprehensive search was performed across several databases, including PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science. The search was limited to studies published between 2019 and 2022, which were written in English. Results: Factors that affect the quality of life of breast cancer patients include age, education level, social support, psychological stress and anxiety, economic status, depression, and physical symptoms. Conclusion: Several factors can affect the quality of breast cancer patients, so the patient needs support from the family and health policies from the government in their treatment.
Halal education at the faculty of medicine and health sciences University of Muhammadiyah Makassar
Authors: Rauf Ihsan Jaya , Aras Dara Ugi , Bahjah Dzata
Published: October 2023

The Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (FMHS) Universitas Muhammadiyah (Unismuh) Makassar is a medical education institution managed by Muhammadiyah, an Islamic organization in Indonesia. As an Islamic educational institution, FMHS Unismuh is mandated to develop Islamic insights in the curriculum by including teaching materials about halal in their educational curriculum, which is intended for the students. Teaching material is presented through lectures and problem-based discussions, especially on the relationship between the anatomical and physiological systems of the body. This paper aims to describe the existence of halal topics in the curriculum for students of FMHS Unismuh. The research method of this paper is descriptive analytics. This paper shows that integrated learning has implemented halal education at the FMHS Unismuh.
Keywords: Halal Education, Curriculum, Integrated Learning.
The Sphere of Labor and Employment of Ukraine under Conditions of War: State, Problems, Dynamics of Changes in the Context of Post-War Recovery
Authors:   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine, Pankova O. , Kasperovich O. ,   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine
Published: October 2023

The article provides an assessment of the status, dynamics of changes in the Ukrainian domestic labor market and employment under conditions of the full-scale war. The situation in the domestic labor market is investigated on the basis of the synthesis of socio-logical, statistical information, analytics of personnel agencies, the NBU report – in the context of the need to stabilize the state of labor sphere for the long-term post-war restoration of the Ukrainian economy. The main personnel and regional disproportions, problems and losses that have arisen in the labor sphere during the period of full-scale invasion and it’s devastating consequences are revealed. Particular attention is paid to the sociological analysis of the main attitudes of the able-bodied Ukrainian population in terms of employment and behavior in the domestic labor market, which should be taken into account when developing and implementing the socio-economic policy of stabilizing the state of the labor sphere and further post-war restoration of the Ukrainian economy. The impact on the labor market which was provided with losses and damage to production assets as a result of hostilities, has been considered. The means of stabilizing the state and further post-war restoration of the labor sphere and the national economy through the involvement of digitalization resources are proposed. It was revealed that distance work is a trend that continues its growth in the labor market of Ukraine even in war. Therefore, special attention is paid to the spread and further possibilities of using distance employment as a way of stabilizing the labor market under critical and force majeure conditions. The need to introduce a ICT-based system of monitoring the state and dynamics of labor sphere and the changes in the labor market under the conditions of war is substantiated, sn order to ensure comprehensive diagnosis and adoption of reasonable management decisions for stabilization and post-war restoration of the labor sphere. This is a prerequisite for the implementation of the proposed by the MOT “build back better” principle, that means to ensure a more stable, inclusive, environmental and smart development with the widespread use of smart technologies (based on the formation of an expanded digital infrastructure).
Aspects of the Development of a New Energy Strategy in Ukraine: European Experience in the Use of Distributed Generation
Authors:   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine, Drachuk Yu. , Jaworska M. ,   International Personnel Academy, Zerkal A. ,   Zaporizhia Polytechnic National University
Published: October 2023

This article is devoted to the impact of distributed renewable energy on the development of the economy. The transformation of energy and the development of distributed energy associated with it is one of the most important challenges that the world community has faced in recent years. Energy transformation and the associated development of distributed energy is one of the most important challenges that Poland must face in the coming years. Global energy policy has changed dynamically over the years, and these changes occur both locally and globally. The direction of change is most evident in the growing interest in renewable energy sources (RES). One of the aspects of energy security is the state of power generation capacities and prospects for their development in the near and long term. Consideration of this issue is relevant for Ukraine in the context of the functioning of the new electricity market, its structural components and the main tasks of integration with the European energy system.
The Question of the Organization of Post-War Reconstruction and Development of Agribusiness in the Territories with a Special Management Regime
Authors:   Volodymyr Dahl East Ukrainian National University, Khrystenko L. , Tkachenko M. ,   Volodymyr Dahl East Ukrainian National University
Published: October 2023

The agricultural sector in Ukraine is of paramount importance for both the domestic economy and the global economy. Today, it is one of the most affected sectors of the Ukrainian economy from full-scale military aggression by the Russian Federation. This is especially true of the territories most affected by hostilities. Such territories are defined as those with a special legal management regime. The article states the opinion that the procedure for the economic activity of subjects of the agro-industrial complex in such territories is determined, regulated, and limited by special regulatory documents in order to preserve the economic subject itself, its personnel and property, stabilize its activity in the war and post-war periods, as well as stimulation of the development by the state of other domestic and international organizations and institutions. Along with normative and scientific sources, the article researches current publications of practitioners of the agrarian sphere, which highlight the real facts of organizational steps to preserve and support the functioning of agribusiness during military aggression. The article reveals the essence and systematizes situation-specific measures and ways of organizing business with the aim of revealing the completeness of their mechanism of action and their usefulness for the activity of agrarian enterprises. On this basis, primary conceptual recommendations regarding the organization of post-war recovery and development of subjects of the agrarian sector of the economy in the territories with a special management regime were formed. The presented recommendations relate only to the initial stage - planning. They include: ranking of agribusiness entities depending on the suitability of the territories of their operation; assessment of the recovery (reconstruction) stage of a specific agricultural enterprise; definition of the main challenges, dangers and threats, significant limitations and real opportunities for effective functioning and development with an indication of key performance indicators; formation of a system of strategic and operational goals and construction of a matrix of tasks to restore the activity of a specific agricultural enterprise in the post-war period. The implementation of such a sequence will allow to reasonably choose the measures, methods and tools that will help to implement the chosen goals of the organization of restoration, support of the effective functioning and development of the agricultural economy in a certain territory into life.
Donbas in the Crucible of War: will there be Human Potential for the Restoration of the Region
Authors:   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine, Antonyuk V.
Published: October 2023

The article analyzes the state and problems of reproduction of human potential of Donbas regions in conditions of hybrid and full-scale war. It has been established that as a result of the armed conflict unleashed by Russia in 2014 and the occupation of part of the territories of Donbas, Donetsk and Luhansk regions suffered significant economic and human losses. During 2014-2021, the conditions for the reproduction of human potential deteriorated, so there was a steady decrease in the population of the regions and a deterioration in its age structure. During the full-scale war that began in February 2022, Donbas found itself in the zone of the most intense hostilities. As a result, the basic socio-economic conditions of life and reproduction of the human potential of the region have actually been destroyed. The losses and destruction of Donetsk region during the year of full-scale war are systematized. It is concluded that a demographic, humanitarian and environmental catastrophe literally unfolded in the Donbas. There is an intensive depopulation of these territories. Large-scale destruction of housing, educational and social infrastructure threatens the ability of these regions to reproduce human assets in the short and medium term post-war period. The loss of human potential of Donbas regions will be the main obstacle to the restoration and modernization of the regional economy.
Basic Principles of State Regulation of the Post-war Development of Regional Agro-food Subcomplexes
Authors:   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, Horbatiuk L. , Chebotarov Ie. ,   State Institution Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, University of Lodz
Published: October 2023

The article begins consideration of the problem of elaborating regional programs of state regulation of the development of the agro-food sector in the regions of the country in the conditions of the post-war socio-economic recovery of Ukraine. A retrospective assessment of the National Recovery Plan of Ukraine, presented by the government to the international community at a conference in Lugano, Switzerland in July 2022, is being conducted with the identification of the main gaps in this National Plan. The content of legislative and normative acts on the regulation of the country's agro-food sector in terms of ensuring food safety, ensuring the quality of food products and establishing the order of relations between the state and the owners of agricultural land in the conditions of the Russian-Ukrainian war is analyzed. The essence of methodological aspects of the proposed approach to the elaboration of regional programs of state regulation of the development of the agro-food sector at the post-war stage is given on the example of the Poltava region. In principle, a general integral of the evaluation of the economic losses of the agro-food sector of the regions as a result of the war has been developed, which acts as the first stage of the development of the marked regional programs, with the following types of losses highlighted: destroyed objects of the residential and communal sphere of rural areas; destroyed objects of production infrastructure and irrigation systems; areas of agricultural land that need to be restored; areas of gardens, vineyards and berry orchards damaged as a result of the war; areas of forests damaged as a result of the war; areas of reservoirs, coasts, etc., damaged as a result of the war. An end-to-end approach to the direct development of regional programs of state regulation of the development of the agro-food sector in the regions at the stage of post-war recovery of Ukraine is put forward, which covers: conceptual principles, principles and regulatory regimes. In principle, proposals have been put forward for methodical support for the implementation of the proposed approach.
An On-Site Feces Image Classifier System for Chicken Health Assessment: A Proof of Concept
Authors: Li Guoming , Gates Richard S , Ramirez Brett C.
Published: October 2023

Highlights

A mobile application embedded onto smart mobile devices was developed for on-site chicken health assessment based on fecal images.

A trained deep learning image classification model was programmed into the application for classifying healthy birds or unhealthy birds infected with Coccidiosis, Salmonella, and Newcastle disease.

Animal caretakers can capture fecal images on farms, upload them to the developed application on their mobile devices, and receive health assessment results during daily flock inspection.

The study demonstrates a successful proof-of-concept system but requires further work for consolidating system performance.

Abstract. Rapid and accurate chicken health assessment can assist producers in making timely decisions, reducing disease transmission, improving animal welfare, and decreasing economic loss. The objective of this research was to develop and evaluate a proof-of-concept mobile application system to assist caretakers in assessing chicken health during their daily flock inspections. A computer server was built to assign users with different usage credentials and receive uploaded fecal images. A dataset containing fecal images from healthy and unhealthy birds (infected with Coccidiosis, Salmonella, and Newcastle disease) was used for classification model development. The modified MobileNetV2 model with additional layers of artificial neural networks was selected after a comparative evaluation of six models. The developed model was embedded into a local server for image classification. An application was developed and deployed, allowing a user with the application on a mobile device to upload a fecal image to a website hosted on the server and receive results processed by the model. Health status is transferred back to the user and can be shared with production managers. The system achieved over 90% accuracy for identifying diseases, and the whole operational procedure took less than one second. This proof-of-concept demonstrates the feasibility of a potential framework for mobile poultry health assessment based on fecal images. However, further development is needed to expand applicability to different production systems through the collection of fecal images from various genetic lines, ages, feed components, housing backgrounds, and flooring types in the poultry industry and improve system performance. Keywords: Artificial intelligence, Coccidiosis, Newcastle disease, Salmonella, Software development.
Optimal Structural Parameters of Drip Laminar Emitters Using High Sediment Irrigation Water
Authors: Feng Ji , Pan Jiachong , Liu Haisheng , Liu Yanzheng , Hou Peng , Jiao Youquan , Sun Haosu , Ma Changjian , Ke Shanshan
Published: October 2023

Highlights Keywords: Click here to enter keywords and key phrases, separated by commas, with a period at the end
Morphological diversity of Indian jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana) in Sumbawa Island, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Authors: NIKMATULLAH ALUH , NAIRFANA IHLANA , DEWI SUPRAYANTI MARTIA , SARJAN MUHAMMAD
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Nikmatullah A, Nairfana I, Dewi SM, Sarjan M. 2023. Morphological diversity of Indian jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana) in Sumbawa Island, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 4597-4608. Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. (Indian jujube or Bidara) is an evergreen shrub or small tree tolerant to drought, salinity, and high-temperature stress with various ethnobotanical and ecological values. However, minimal information is available on its diversity in Indonesia. The current study aims to assess the morphological diversity of Z. mauritiana accessions collected from 18 locations in Sumbawa Island, Indonesia. The plant's qualitative and quantitative morphological attributes were collected, including size, L/W ratio and color of leaf and fruit, length, and occurrence of spine and stem surface. The results revealed significant differences in some observed characters among the accessions. Petiole length varied from 0.6 to 1.4 cm, leaf length ranged from 2.9 to 5.0 cm, leaf width ranged from 2.6 to 4.2 cm, and leaf L/W ratio was 1.07 to 1.46. All samples of Z. mauritiana in Sumbawa Island had a spine that occurred evenly in every node, ranging from 0.1 to 1.0 cm. Most accessions had single spinal per node except two accessions, which had double horn-shaped spines in each node. The quantitative characters for fruits also varied, either orbicular or oblong. The fruit length ranged from 1.2 to 1.9 cm, the fruit width varied between 1.1 to 1.8 cm, and the fruit L/W ratio was between 1.0 and 1.2. There were also morphological differences in leaf color, fruit color, shape, and taste (sweet, sour, or bitter). The finding suggests some degree of morphological diversity of Z. mauritiana in Sumbawa, as shown by quantitative and qualitative attributes of the leaf, thorn, and fruit.
Understanding of genes encoding bioactive compounds from potential medicinal plants in Indonesia as cancer cell inhibitors
Authors: MUFLIKHATI ZIDNI , SIANIPAR NESTI F. , SYAMSUNARNO MAS RIZKY A. A. , ANAS ANAS
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Muflikhati Z, Sianipar NF, Syamsunarno MRAA, Anas. 2023. Understanding of genes encoding bioactive compounds from potential medicinal plants in indonesia as cancer cell inhibitors. Biodiversitas 24: 4645-4660. Indonesia has abundant plant diversity and enormous potential to be developed as a source of medicinal plants due to the content of bioactive chemicals in them. Potential medicinal plants from Indonesia, such as Andrographis paniculata (Sambiloto), Curcuma longa (Kunyit), Moringa oleifera (Moringa), Phyllanthus niruri (Meniran), Orthosiphon stamineus (Kumis kucing), Typhonium flagelliforme (Keladi tikus), and Zingiber officinale (Jahe), contain bioactive compounds with mechanisms that act as anticancer. Bioactive compounds with anticancer mechanisms in plants can be controlled by specific genes. Therefore, it is important to elaborate on bioactive compounds and the genes involved. This article aims to discuss the genes encoding bioactive compounds in Indonesian medicinal plants and the mechanisms that can inhibit cancer cell growth. Several genes encode anticancer compounds, such as lectin-coding genes, the stigmasterol-coding CYP710A gene, the tocopherol-coding ?-TMT gene, the fatty acid-coding FAD gene, the doxorubicin-coding DXR gene, and the chalcone synthase-coding CHS gene. These genes have mechanisms to increase the expression of several apoptosis-promoting proteins, including BCL-2 family members, in several cancer cell models. This article also describes the potential utilization and creation of molecular markers linked to genes encoding anticancer chemicals and can be used as a reference for research on medicinal plants that is still limited. Knowledge of genes encoding anticancer compounds in plants can support future research in the development of cancer drugs.
Plant diversity under traditional agroforestry system of repong damar in Pesisir Barat District, Lampung Province, Indonesia
Authors: SANTOSO TRIO , PARIDDUAR RENDI , BINTORO AFIF
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Santoso T, Paridduar R, Bintoro A. 2023. Plant diversity under traditional agroforestry system of repong damar in Pesisir Barat District, Lampung Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 4675-4683. repong damar, a traditional agroforestry system, benefits farmers and the environment; hence, it must be maintained. As a conservation endeavor and for long-term ecosystem management, repong damar's plant must be researched further. The study evaluated plant variety and composition in Pekon (Village) Pahmungan (PHG) and Pekon Negara Ratu Tenumbang (NRT) areas of Pesisir Barat Districts, Lampung Province, Indonesia, where both communities utilized repong damar for decades. The data was obtained systematically by marking 69 sample plots with sub-plots for different growth stages of 20 × 20 m for trees (S1), 10 x 10 m for poles (S2), 5 x 5 m for saplings (S3), and 2 x 2 m for seedlings (S4). A total of 56 species from 30 families were recorded in this study, which consisted of different life forms of trees (69.64%), shrubs (26.78%), and herbs (3.57%). Shorea javanica Koord. & Valet had the maximum IVI value in both study areas except for the S4 growth level. IVI values in PHM for S1, S2, and S3 were 136.41, 113.93 and 20.94, respectively. In NRT for S1, S2, and S3 were 89.25, 68.25 and 48.64, respectively. The farmers' preferences for Shorea javanica Koord and Valet are mainly caused by the fact that farmers have tapped its resin to provide their primary source of revenue, making them inherently dominant. Conversely, farmers neglecting Shorea javanica seedlings raises worries about its future viability, in addition to contemplating possible pests and diseases. Calculations of species diversity and evenness revealed moderate values and a generally even species distribution in both study areas. At the same time, Species richness calculation showed medium value and low in NRT. The three indices' values generate higher PMH ratings than NRT.
EFFECT OF BACTERIAL CURING AND BACTERIAL ADDITIVE ON CONCRETE PROPERTIES
Authors:   Bursa Technical University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Department of Civil Engineering, Bursa, Turkey, Yıldırım Musa , Özhan Hacer Bilir ,   Bursa Technical University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Department of Civil Engineering, Bursa, Turkey
Published: October 2023

In this study, calcium carbonate was formed on the surfaces and inner structure of concrete using the microbially induced carbonate precipitation method. Bacillus megaterium bacteria were supplemented into the curing water and concrete mixtures. Three types of concrete were tested: control concrete, bacteria-containing concrete, and concrete cured in bacterial liquid. Compressive strength, water absorption, capillary water absorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and mapping analyses were conducted to investigate the effects of bacterial additive or bacterial curing to concrete specimens. Bacteria spore added to the concrete mixture and curing in bacterial media increased the compressive strengths of concrete by up to 9,52 % at the end of 28 days of curing. Bacterial curing and the addition of bacteria spores caused a reduction in water absorption rates owing to changes in the concrete structures. Calcite only formed on the surfaces of the samples treated with bacterial curing liquid, thereby limiting its effect on capillary water absorption. In contrast, capillary water absorption in the bacterial concrete decreased by 50 % compared to the control concrete. The crystalline structures of calcium carbonate and bacterial concrete were analysed through SEM imaging. Mapping analysis revealed that the primary elements of calcite were considerably more concentrated on the surface of bacterial concrete than in the control concrete.
Russian Islamophobia: From Medieval Tsardom to the Post-Soviet Man
Authors: Abbasi Iskander
Published: October 2023

The medieval and modern Russian experience with the Muslim world has been systemically marked by Islamophobia. Yet, few scholars have written about the longue durée expression of Russian Islamophobia (Bennigsen 1983, Tlostanova 2010). In this paper, I chart a genealogy of Russian Islamophobia from medieval Tsardom to modern Soviet and Post-Soviet Russia. Russia has been long marginalized in global analyses of Islamophobia, and is often not included in analyses of Western Islamophobia. Russia has long been considered a partner in Western civilization. As a predominantly white and Christian-led historical territory situated on the Eurasian continent, Russia has for centuries been viewed and viewed itself as a type of eastern Spain and the heir to Christian Orthodox Byzantium. Like the Mediterranean front of southern Europe bordering the Muslim world, Russia’s borders with Asia are lineated across the expanse of Islamicate civilization in Eastern Europe, the Caucuses and Central Asia. The first systemic antagonisms between Russian and its Muslim neighbors began in the medieval period. This early form of Islamophobia under white Christian Russian empires later transformed and intensified during the Soviet and Post-Soviet periods. The later manifestations of Islamophobia came with new logics, especially those tied to systems of secular governmentality from within the modern nation-state model. This paper highlights these time periods and argues that they signify a cohesive and consistent form of longue durée Russian Islamophobia which shares much in common with other renditions of Islamophobia emanating from the West.
Behind every Superman there is a Clark Kent: discovering the silent strengths in the entrepreneurial journey
Authors: Gupta Sonali
Published: October 2023

Entrepreneurs act under uncertain conditions and resource constraints to bring new products or services to life. While examining what characteristics and behaviours help entrepreneurs traverse the challenging period between idea conception and venture sustainability, the academic and popular discourse has emphasized fiery traits and such behaviours as risk-taking, perseverance and passion. Patience, the propensity to wait calmly in the face of frustration and adversity, has largely gone unnoticed. An inductive, longitudinal study of nascent entrepreneurs in the early stages of venture building finds that patience is an important trait that could partly explain why some entrepreneurs stay the course while others give up. The paper contributes to the study of nascent entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial action by lending empirical evidence to the existence of ‘entrepreneurial patience’ as a trait that can influence the venture creation process.
October 2023 Medical Image of the Month: Swyer-James-MacLeod Syndrome
Authors:   Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, AZ USA, Moore Samantha , Jokerst Clinton
Published: October 2023

No abstract available. Article truncated after 150 words. Pathological slides from a right upper lobectomy specimen obtained at an outside institution were submitted to our Department of Pathology for review. A pre-operative noncontrast chest CT from the outside institution was submitted along with the path slides. The patient was a 27 y/o man who presented to the outside institution with exercise intolerance and increasing shortness of breath following a bout of COVID in early 2023. The patient also related a history of possible chronic myocarditis. A review of the CT demonstrated 2 distinct right-sided areas of hyperinflated, emphysematous lung with a relatively normal appearing left lung (Figure 1). Although congenital lobar emphysema was considered, the multifocal nature of the findings suggested against this, and a diagnosis of Swyer-James-MacLeod Syndrome was entertained. Histopathological analysis (Figure 2) confirmed this suspicion. When questioned further, the patient related a history of neonatal RSV infection requiring 3 weeks of hospitalization. The constellation of …
Multi-wavelength unidirectional forward scattering properties of the arrow-shaped gallium phosphide nanoantenna
Authors: Lv Jingwei , Ren Yanru , Wang Debao , Xu Xinchen , Liu Wei , Wang Jianxin , Liu Chao , Chu Paul K
Published: October 2023

An arrow-shaped gallium phosphide nanoantenna exhibits both near-field electric field enhancement and far-field unidirectional scattering, and the interference conditions involve electric and magnetic quadrupoles as well as toroidal dipoles. By using long-wavelength approximation and exact multipole decomposition, the interference conditions required for far-field unidirectional transverse light scattering and backward near-zero scattering at multiple wavelengths are determined. The near-field properties are excellent, as exemplified by large Purcell factors of 4.5×109 for electric dipole source excitation, 464.68 for magnetic dipole source excitation, and 700 V/m for the field enhancement factor. The degree of enhancement of unidirectional scattering is affected by structural parameters such as the angle and thickness of the nanoantenna. The arrow-shaped nanoantenna is an efficient platform to enhance the electric field and achieve high directionality of light scattering. Moreover, the nanostructure enables flexible manipulation of light waves and materials, giving rise to superior near-field and far-field performances, which are of great importance pertaining to the practicability and application potential of optical antennas in applications such as spectroscopy, sensing, displays, and optoelectronic devices.
Tunable electromagnetically induced absorption based on coupled-resonators in a compact plasmonic system
Authors: Chen Zhao , Ma Xinxin , Duan Yunhong , Li Linhao , Zhang Shijie , Wang Yilin , Yu Yaolun , Hou Zhiling
Published: October 2023

Electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) exhibits abnormal dispersion and novel fast-light features, making it a crucial aspect of nanophotonics. Here, the EIA phenomenon is numerically predicted in a compact plasmonic waveguide system by introducing a slot resonator above a square cavity. Simulation results reveal that the EIA response can be easily tuned by altering the structure’s parameters, and double EIA valleys can be observed with an additional slot resonator. Furthermore, the investigated structures demonstrate a fast-light effect with an optical delay of ∼ -1.0 ps as a result of aberrant dispersion at the EIA valley, which enable promising applications in the on-chip fast-light area. Finally, a plasmonic nanosensor with a sensitivity of ∼1200 nm/RIU and figure of merit of ∼16600 is achieved based on Fano resonance. The special features of our suggested structure are applicable in realization of various integrated components for the development of multifunctional high-performance nano-photonic devices.
Weak non-line-of-sight target echoes extraction without accumulation
Authors: Li Tailin , Luo Yihan , Zhao Kaiyuan , Xia Shiye , Liu Yaqing , Ma Haotong , Ren Ge , Xie Zongliang
Published: October 2023

Non-line-of-sight (NLOS) technology has been rapidly developed in recent years, allowing us to visualize or localize hidden objects by analyzing the returned photons, which is expected to be applied to autonomous driving, field rescue, etc. Due to the laser attenuation and multiple reflections, it is inevitable for future applications to separate the returned extremely weak signal from noise. However, current methods find signals by direct accumulation, causing noise to be accumulated simultaneously and inability of extracting weak targets. Herein, we explore two denoising methods without accumulation to detect the weak target echoes, relying on the temporal correlation feature. In one aspect, we propose a dual-detector method based on software operations to improve the detection ability for weak signals. In the other aspect, we introduce the pipeline method for NLOS target tracking in sequential histograms. Ultimately, we experimentally demonstrated these two methods and extracted the motion trajectory of the hidden object. The results may be useful for practical applications in the future.
Heterodyne laser Doppler vibrometer with squeezed light enhancement
Authors: Yu Mengwei , Gewecke Pascal , Südbeck Jan , Schönbeck Axel , Schnabel Roman , Rembe Christian
Published: October 2023

An important feature of a heterodyne laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV) is
the possibility of measuring an optical path length oscillation at a
frequency f at a choosable frequency
fhet ± f, at which the photo-electric measurement shows an optical
quantum noise that is significantly greater than the detector dark
noise. The full-squeezed light enhancement of a heterodyne LDV’s
signal-to-noise ratio has not been achieved so far. Here we use a
sideband spectrum that is squeezed around fhet = 40 MHz and demonstrate the
squeezing-enhanced measurement of an optical path length vibration at
f = 1 MHz of about 3.5 dB while fully
maintaining the signal power. The proof of principle we provide will
enable the realization of ultra-precise LDVs over an extended signal
bandwidth for probes or environments that require low intensities.
High-spatial density snapshot imaging spectrometer enabled by 2-photon fabricated custom fiber bundles
Authors: Cao Haimu , Flynn Christopher , Applegate Brian , Tkaczyk Tomasz S.
Published: October 2023

We report on a proof-of-concept snapshot imaging spectrometer developed using an array of optical fibers fabricated with 2-photon polymerization (2PP). The dense input array maps to an output array with engineered void spaces for spectral information. Previously, the development and fabrication of custom fiber arrays for imaging spectrometers have been a complex, time-consuming, and costly process, requiring a semi-manual assembly of commercial components. This work applies an automatic development process based on 2PP additive manufacturing with the Nanoscribe GmbH Quantum X system. The technique allows printing of arbitrary optical quality structures with submicron resolution with less than 5 nm roughness, enabling small core fibers/integrated arrays. Specifically, we developed an array prototype of 40 × 80 with 6-micron pitch at the input and 80-micron pitch at the output. The air-clad fibers had a core diameter of 5 µm. Fabricated optical fiber arrays were incorporated into a prism-based imaging spectrometer system with 48 spectral channels to demonstrate multi-spectral imaging. Imaging of a USAF target and color printed letter C as well as spectral comparisons to a commercial spectrometer were used to validate the performance of the system. These results clearly demonstrate the functionality and potential applications of the 3D-printed fiber-based snapshot imaging spectrometer.
Phase-diagram investigation of frustrated 1D and 2D Ising models in OEO-based Ising machine
Authors: Cen Qizhuang , Ding Hao , Guan Shanhong , Hao Tengfei , Li Wei , Zhu NingHua , Dai Yitang , Li Ming
Published: October 2023

Ising machines have emerged as promising solvers for combinatorial optimization problems in recent years. In practice, these problems are often mapped into a frustrated Ising model due to randomness or competing interactions, which reduces the success ratio for finding the optimal solution. In this study, we simulate one-dimensional and two-dimensional frustrated Ising models in an Ising machine based on the optoelectronic oscillator. Our experiment aims to show the relationship between the Fourier mode of the coupling matrix and the spin distribution under frustration. The results prove the validity of the theoretical predictions and provide insights into the behavior of Ising machines in the presence of frustration. We believe it would help to develop a better strategy to improve the performance of Ising machines.
High-speed spatial light modulation enabling 25-Gbit/s twisted light encoding/decoding and 260-m security free-space data transmission
Authors: Zhao Yifan , Wang Andong , Zhu Long , Zheng Shuang , Zhou Nan , Du Jing , Wang Jian
Published: October 2023

Spatial domain of light beam is an important degree of freedom to be extensively explored. As a set of spatial domains, twisted lights have some natural properties such as orthogonality and security, providing great potentials in optical communications especially for data encoding/decoding. However, the speed of traditional spatial light modulators has always been criticized. Here we present a hundred-meter security free-space data transmission based on high-speed spatial light modulation by exploiting temporal-to-spatial domain mapping. We demonstrate 25-Gbit/s twisted light encoding/decoding and 260-m security free-space data transmission in the experiment. The encoding/decoding link will lead to 3-dB improvement in bit error rate (BER) performance compared with a single channel in theory and ∼1-dB optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) penalty at the forward error correction (FEC) threshold of 3.8e-3 in practice. The experiment results also show favorable security performance of the proposed encoding/decoding link system.
Multi-octave mid-infrared supercontinuum generation in tapered chalcogenide-glass rods
Authors: Serrano Esteban , Bailleul Damien , Désévédavy Frédéric , Gadret Grégory , Mathey Pierre , Béjot Pierre , Nakatani Asuka , Cheng Tonglei , Ohishi Yasutake , Kibler Bertrand , Smektala Frédéric
Published: October 2023

We report on the experimental development of short-tapered chalcogenide-glass rods for mid-infrared supercontinuum generation. Multi-octave spectral broadening of femtosecond laser pulses is demonstrated from 1.6 to 15.6 µm in a 5-cm-long tapered Ge20Se70Te10 rod with a waist diameter of 25 µm. Despite the multimode nature of the optical waveguide used, this work clearly shows the potential of such simple post-processed rods for advancing fiber SC sources with infrared glasses, thereby unlocking new possibilities in terms of coupling efficiency, spectral coverage, and output power.
Phase-mismatched optical parametric oscillators based on aperiodic quasi-phase-matched crystals
Authors: Yu Songyin , Qin Mengke , Zhang Zhaowei
Published: October 2023

We present that femtosecond optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) based on aperiodic quasi-phase-matched (AQPM) crystals can be configured to operate in the “phase-mismatched” region. The phase-mismatch-induced frequency chirp is mainly introduced by the subcrystal that first interacts with pump pulses. By optimizing the intracavity group velocity dispersion and by selecting the direction of crystals, OPOs based on AQPM crystals could support the generation of wavelength-tunable, transform-limited pulses in an all-normal-dispersion cavity. In a preliminary experiment, transform-limited optical pulses with a tuning range over 1520–1660 nm were obtained by simply altering the cavity length. This scheme represents a unique and concise scheme of producing widely tunable, chirp-free femtosecond optical pulses.
Quantum optical memory for entanglement distribution
Authors: Lei Yisheng , Kimiaee Asadi Faezeh , Zhong Tian , Kuzmich Alex , Simon Christoph , Hosseini Mahdi
Published: October 2023

Optical photons are powerful carriers of quantum information, which can be delivered in free space by satellites or in fibers on the ground over long distances. Entanglement of quantum states over long distances can empower quantum computing, quantum communications, and quantum sensing. Quantum optical memories are devices designed to store quantum information in the form of stationary excitations, such as atomic coherence, and are capable of coherently mapping these excitations to flying qubits. Quantum memories can effectively store and manipulate quantum states, making them indispensable elements in future long-distance quantum networks. Over the past two decades, quantum optical memories with high fidelities, high efficiencies, long storage times, and promising multiplexing capabilities have been developed, especially at the single-photon level. In this review, we introduce the working principles of commonly used quantum memory protocols and summarize the recent advances in quantum memory demonstrations. We also offer a vision for future quantum optical memory devices that may enable entanglement distribution over long distances.
Free-space beam shaping and steering based on a silicon optical phased array
Authors: Ren Wenbo , Liang Qingqing , Feng Jijun , Liu Haipeng , Hu Jianhua , Yuan Shuo , Xia Xincheng , Jiang Wei , Zhan Qiwen , Zeng Heping
Published: October 2023

In this study, we present a method for free-space beam shaping and steering based on a silicon optical phased array, which addresses the theoretical limitation of traditional bulk optics. We theoretically analyze the beam propagation properties with changes in the applied phase. Different beam profiles can be shaped by varying the phase combination, while a high-order quasi-Bessel beam can be generated with a cubic change to the phase modulation. The simulated results are validated further experimentally, and they match one another well. Beam steering can be achieved with a field of view as large as 140°, which has potential benefits for practical applications. The presented method is expected to have broad application prospects for optical communications, free-space optical interconnects, and light detection and ranging.