bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Increase in number of healthy newborns breastfed within one hour of life after using quality improvement cycle at tertiary care centre in Goa
Authors: Naik Viraj Ramesh , Cardoso Pia Muriel
Published: January 2025

Background: It was evident from WHO Global Survey that, only 39.7% of newborns delivered via caesarean section were breastfed within 1 hour of life. By initiating breastfeeding within one hour of birth, over one million neonates can be saved each year globally. This study was conducted to analyse the retrospective secondary data to understand the reasons for delay in initiation of breastfeeding and to inculcate the methods used in quality improvement cycles for increasing the newborn babies breastfed within one hour of life.
Methods: Our study was retrospective secondary data analysis. Data of 3 months was analysed and reasons of delayed breast feeding was analysed and how use of PDCA cycles to increase the breast feeding was analysed.
Results: Our study showed that by using quality improvement tools, there was increase in the newborns breast fed within one hour of life from 73.75% to 94.95%.
Conclusions: To improve the rates of breastfeeding within one hour of life, quality improvement cycles need to be constantly carried out and any hindrances should be tackled timely so as to ensure good neonatal outcomes.
Clinical profile and lifestyle factors in women with different severities of hirsutism
Authors: Betkerur Sagarika , Nandan Neetha , Rajesh Aparna
Published: January 2025

Background: Hirsutism is excessive hair growth in androgen dependent areas in women. It is noted in 10% women in the reproductive age group. Aim of the study was to identify the clinical profile and cause for hirsutism and to assess the role of diet and lifestyle factors in hirsute women.
Methods: It is a hospital based observational study. A total of 300 women in reproductive age group were given a self-administered pictorial representation for scoring according to modified Ferriman-Gallway score.
Results: 95 participants gave a positive response of score more than 8. Examination confirmed 85 participants had hirsutism, out of which 63 had mild hirsutism, 22 had moderate hirsutism and none had severe hirsutism. Polycystic ovarian syndrome (54.5%) was the major cause in moderate hirsutism. Features of hyperandrogenism (53%) were more prevalent in moderate hirsutism. Most of participants (31.6%) with moderate hirsutism used multiple methods for removal of hair like waxing, shaving and threading. Women with moderate hirsutism had outside food more frequently and had more of meat, fried items, alcohol. Social impact was significantly more in women with moderate hirsutism.
Conclusions: Polycystic ovarian syndrome is a major cause for moderate hirsutism and they had more features of hyperandrogenism. The preferred method of hair removal is waxing and multiple methods were often used by those having moderate hirsutism. Consumption of more of non-vegetarian food, fired food and alcohol was significant in moderate hirsute women. The study underscores the importance of diet and lifestyle factors in women suffering with hirsutism.
Correlation of ovarian adnexal reporting and data system classification with histopathological examination in diagnosis of adnexal masses
Authors: Takkar Navneet , Arora Pallavi , Goel Bharti , Kaur Ravinder , Kaur Narinder , Aggarwal Phiza
Published: January 2025

Background: Adnexal masses are common and present significant clinical challenges related to diagnostic imaging, surgery and pathology. Ovarian adnexal reporting and data system (O-RADS) serves as both a lexicon and risk stratification tool, which is designed to accurately characterize adnexal lesions and facilitate optimal patient management. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of O-RADS using histopathological examination as the gold standard.
Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Radio-diagnosis, Pathology in collaboration with the department of radio-diagnosis and pathology at Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh from December 2022 to March 2024. A total of 35 women who were diagnosed with adnexal masses were included in the study.
Results: The age group of presentation of adnexal masses in our study was 14 to 62 years of age with a mean age of 31.69±11.25 years. O-RADS score 2 was 100% sensitive and 21.4% specific for detecting benign adnexal masses. ORADS score 3 was 100% sensitive and 24% specific for detecting benign masses. O-RADS score 4 was 25% sensitive and 89.47% specific for detecting malignant adnexal masses. Similarly, ORADS score 5 was 100% sensitive and 87.88% specific for detecting malignant masses using histopathology as the gold standard.
Conclusions: The ORADS classification system has a high sensitivity in differentiating between benign and malignant lesions when correlated with gold standard histopathology report.
Evaluation of triglyceride/glucose level index as a predictor of gestational diabetes mellitus: a comparative study with haemoglobin A1c
Authors: Rachna  , Sharma Rupali , Baranwal Nilakshi , Tuteja Mansi
Published: January 2025

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a pregnancy complication characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia, which increases the risk of adverse outcomes for both the mother and foetus. Early identification and intervention are crucial for improving pregnancy outcomes. The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, calculated using fasting triglyceride and glucose levels, has shown promise as a predictor of insulin resistance and metabolic disturbances. This study aims to evaluate the potential of the TyG index, along with HbA1c, as early biomarkers for GDM prediction.
Methods: This prospective study was conducted at GS Medical College & Hospital, Pilkhuwa, Hapur, over 18 months (January 2022 to June 2024), involving 144 pregnant women aged 18-30 years. The study included fasting glucose, triglyceride, and HbA1c measurements, along with the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) to diagnose GDM. The TyG index was calculated as [fasting triglycerides (mg/dl) × fasting glucose (mg/dl)/2]. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 26.0, with Chi-square, t-tests, and regression models.
Results: The study revealed that 11.8% of participants were diagnosed with GDM. The GDM group had significantly higher levels of HbA1c (6.34±0.59%) compared to the non-GDM group (4.32±1.26%) (p<0.0001). The TyG index was also significantly higher in the GDM group (150.4±25.2) compared to the non-GDM group (129.27±20.66) (p = 0.0002). Both markers showed strong associations with GDM, suggesting their utility for early prediction.
Conclusions: The study supports the use of HbA1c and the TyG index as effective early biomarkers for GDM. These markers can help identify high-risk women and enable timely intervention to reduce adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Early screening using these biomarkers should be prioritized, particularly for high-risk populations. Further research is needed to validate their diagnostic utility and integrate them into routine clinical practice.
Fusion vaginal wall in a pediatric patient with post hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Herrera Morales Juan Carlos , Hernández Velázquez Ricardo , Ruz Barros Rodrigo Emilio , Flores Villegas Luz Victoria , Guerrero Reyes Guadalupe
Published: January 2025

Aplastic anemia is a rare condition characterized by bone marrow failure and reduced blood cell production. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the preferred treatment when a matched donor is available. This condition carries a graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) risk, affecting 30-70% of patients. GVHD can manifest in various areas, including the mouth, skin, and genitals, with vaginal symptoms present in 26% of cases. These may include dryness, itching, discharge, and labial fusion. A 14-year-old female treated with HSCT, developed skin and vaginal GVHD. She experienced amenorrhea and abdominal pain, a subsequent MRI revealed a normal uterus but a lobed vagina with multiple septa. The patient underwent vaginal exploration and laparoscopic surgery, revealing a fusion in labia minora and a significant vaginal cavity obstruction. Approximately 600 ml of blood was drained. Female genital GVHD in pediatric patients has a low incidence of 5.9%. Symptoms often include vulvar pain (37%), dysuria (37%), and pruritus (26%), with many patients remaining asymptomatic. A study found limited occurrences of vaginal stenosis, emphasizing the rarity of severe presentations. Routine gynecological evaluations are recommended for patients post-HSCT. In cases of colpohaematometra, draining and addressing stenosis may be necessary. Vaginal GVHD is a common complication of HSCT, ranging from vulvar pruritus to severe vaginal stenosis or fusion. Management may involve surgical liberation, vaginal molds, and treatment with estrogens and corticosteroids. Gynecological consultations are recommended for all patient’s post-transplant.
Caesarean section presenting an opportunity for myomectomy: a case report
Authors: Adebisi Mathew O. , Agboola Segun M. , Okurumeh Ogheneovo I. , Aderukuola B. , Akinyoade Richard A. , Adaramoye Dare E.
Published: January 2025

Obstetricians, all over the world, frowned at the performance of myomectomy during pregnancy due to haemorrhage associated with such a procedure. This haemorrhage is even more severe in a gravid uterus undergoing caesarean section, making obstetric surgeons to avoid this risky adventure of performing the two surgeries (Caesarean section and myomectomy) at the same time. Sometimes, the fibroids are located in different parts of the uterus and they can be subserous/ pedunculated, intramural or submucous. The pedunculated fibroid has long stalk that may be thin making it very easy to “pluck” by suture ligating it. Again, uterine fibroid may be located in the lower uterine segment and bump into the incision line during cutting (uterine incision) to create access to the fetus. Caesarean sections done for different indications can therefore present an opportunity for obstetricians to remove these myomas in a harmless way that defiles the old obstetric dictum of “never a myomectomy during caesarean section”. The case in this report had caesarean section on account of severe preeclampsia with oligohydramnos but chance favoured the performance of unsolicited caesarean myomectomy safely for her.
Vagal schwannoma in pregnancy: a case report
Authors: Patil Apurva V. , Palve Tushar T. , Fatemi Sakina M. , Thatikonda Rajashree M.
Published: January 2025

Cervical vagal schwannomas are rare, slow-growing, benign tumours that typically present in patients aged 30–50 years without neurological deficits. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the gold standard for preoperative diagnosis, while surgical resection remains the treatment of choice. A case report of a 25-year-old pregnant woman with a history of a right-sided neck swelling of 5×4×1 cm since childhood presented for antenatal care which was firm, immobile, and non-tender, with no significant neurological symptoms. Ultrasonography (USG) and computed tomography (CT) scan indicated a neurogenic tumour, most likely schwannoma. MRI in 2024 confirmed a 3.5×4.8×6.3 cm encapsulated, heterogeneously enhancing lesion in the right carotid triangle, consistent with a vagal nerve schwannoma. The tumour caused anterior displacement of the carotid artery and internal jugular vein without significant luminal narrowing. During her pregnancy, the patient remained asymptomatic but developed gestational hypertension postpartum. Neurology and neurosurgery consultations recommended tumour re-evaluation and follow-up after delivery. She underwent an emergency caesarean section at 38 weeks for obstetric indications, with intraoperative monitoring due to vagal nerve stimulation. Postoperative care included antihypertensive management, and the patient was discharged in stable condition with advice to follow up for definitive tumour management. Cervical vagal schwannomas are uncommon and often misdiagnosed due to their asymptomatic nature and resemblance to other neck masses. MRI is crucial for diagnosis, distinguishing vagal schwannomas from other neurogenic tumours based on vessel displacement patterns. Although surgical resection is the definitive treatment, management during pregnancy requires individualized, multidisciplinary care to balance maternal and fetal outcomes. Deferring surgery until postpartum is preferred unless urgent intervention is required. A collaborative approach ensures optimal outcomes for both mother and child.
A successful pregnancy outcome in a patient with cardiac permanent pacemaker
Authors: Rajan Niranjana , Ramanathan Ramayee , Manam Vijayakumar
Published: January 2025

We present a case of 31 years old Gravida 2 Abortion 1 at 25 weeks of gestation with history of congenital heart disease- Left aorto-ventricular tunnel, for which she had intracardiac repair at 7 years of age. She had bradycardia, syncopal attacks, diagnosed as complete heart block at 26 yrs of age and had permanent pacemaker implantation had come for antenatal care. Echocardiogram showed ejection fraction of 30%, global hypokinesia of left ventricle and moderate aortic regurgitation. Patient was asymptomatic. As per cardiologist opinion, started on Tab. Amiodarone 100mg once daily on alternate days and pregnancy continued. Patient was admitted at 38wks, for elective lower segment caesarean section, in view of cardiac condition, pacemaker adjustment done before anaesthesia. Under general anaesthesia, delivered an alive boy baby of birth weight 3.2 kg with a good Apgar score. Intraoperative and postoperative period was uneventful. At postoperative follow-up, patient was asymptomatic. Hence, we report a successful pregnancy outcome despite critical ejection fraction in a pregnant patient with permanent pacemaker.
Ovarian mucinous cystadenofibroma: a case report
Authors: Jain Amrita , Kurkal Nidhi , Gupta Shreya
Published: January 2025

Ovarian adenofibroma is a rare benign tumour originating from the stroma and germinal lining of the ovary. We describe here the case of a 54-year-old female with an ovarian mucinous cystadenofibroma that was diagnosed as a cystic mass of the ovary with neoplastic etiology before surgery. The tumour was a large cystic mass of size 30×25×10 cm arising from left ovary. The patient successfully underwent exploratory laparotomy with excision of large ovarian mass f/b total abdominal hysterectomy with B/L salpingoopherectomy.
Energia krisiaren eragin sozioekonomikoaren analisia
Authors:   Universidad de Deusto, Larrea Basterra Macarena , Badajoz Lopez Arkaitz ,   Universidad de Deusto
Published: January 2025

EAEko ETEek dituzten berrikuntza ezaugarri nagusiak aztertzen ditu txosten honek, hobeto ulertze aldera nola eta zergatik diren baxuagoak euren berrikuntza adierazleetako batzuk 27-EB eta Alemaniarenak baino. Eustaten eta Eurostaten berrikuntza inkestak hartu dira abiapuntu, eta analisi deskribatzaileak egin dira EAEko eta konparazio lurraldeeko ETEetan gauzatzen den berrikuntzaren inguruan. Horrez gain, hainbat adierazleren arteko erlazioak (korrelazioak eta erregresioak) ere aztertu dira Eustaten mikrodatuetan oinarrituta. Azkenik, azterlanetik ateratako ondorio nagusiak aurkeztu, eta hainbat hausnarketa mahaigaineratu dira.
“O homem bicentenário”, de Isaac Asimov
Authors: Conceição Francisco Gonçalves da
Published: January 2025

ASIMOV, Isaac. O homem bicentenário. São Paulo: Editora Aleph, 2023.
O conto “O Homem Bicentenário”, de Isaac Asimov, foi originalmente publicado pela “The Magazine of Fantansy and Science Fiction”, em 1976, nos Estados Unidos. Posteriormente, na antologia “The Bicentennial Man and Other Stories”. Alguns anos depois, esse conto foi recontado e ampliado no romance “The Positronic Man” (1993), em parceria com Robert Silverberg. Essa nova versão amplia a narrativa e as questões suscitadas pela jornada de Andrew, um robô que ansiava pela liberdade de ser humano. A mesma história foi adaptada também para o cinema, com o mesmo título do conto, estrelada por Robin Williams no papel de Andrew e direção de Chris Columbus (1999). O filme foi lançado no Brasil no ano seguinte. A adaptação para o cinema popularizou ainda mais a saga de Andrew e renovou o interesse pela sua jornada. Em 2023, a Aleph, editora brasileira especializada em obras de ficção científica, lançou uma edição especial desse conto de Asimov, com tradução de Aline Storto Pereira.
A SAÚDE MENTAL NA PROGRAMAÇÃO PACTUADA E INTEGRADA DE SAÚDE DO ESPÍRITO SANTO
Authors: Garcia Maria Lucia Teixeira , Campanharo Lara da Silva , Oliveira Edineia Figueira dos Anjos
Published: January 2025

O artigo reflete sobre os limites e contradições presentes no planejamento financeiro das ações e serviços em saúde mental, evidenciando o lugar da saúde mental na Programação Pactuada Integrada (PPI). Trata-se de pesquisa documental de abordagem mista, a partir de dois documentos: a Programação Pactuada Integrada da Saúde Mental do Espírito Santo de 2023 (de acesso restrito) e o Plano Diretor de Regionalização (de acesso público). Para análise dos dados utiliza estatística descritiva e análise de conteúdo do tipo categorial. Os resultados evidenciaram uma PPI que contou basicamente com recursos federais, com capacidade limitada de realizar a programação física e falta de atualizações sistemáticas. Conclui que a construção e operacionalização da PPI Capixaba enfrentam desafios em relação ao seu financiamento, pactuações de serviços, estruturação de redes de serviço, entre outros obstáculos que dificultam pactos entre os gestores dos três níveis de gestão que assegurem a assistência da população capixaba.
Justification and selection of a method for restricting water inflow to horizontal wells in low-permeability terrigenous reservoir conditions using the example of the YuS2 formation of an oil and gas condensate field
Authors: Savenok Olga V. , Zharikova Nailya Kh. , Chuykova Elizaveta P. , Verisokin Alexander E. , Hadid Mahmoud , Povarova Larisa V. , Kalashnikov Denis S. , Domanova Anna S.
Published: January 2025

Relevance. Today, most of the fields exploited in the Russian Federation have moved to the final stage of development, which entails an inevitable increase in the number of factors complicating hydrocarbon production. One of these factors is the increased water cut of the extracted products. This problem is the cause of increase in specific energy consumption for liquid production, growth of the cost of separating oil and water in the collection and treatment system, as well as increase in the number of equipment failures due to corrosion, deposition of mineral salts and the formation of persistent oil-water emulsions. In many fields, the level of water cut in products already reaches 98–99%, which is the limit of profitability of production and requires the adoption of measures aimed at reducing the share of produced water. Costs become an order of magnitude higher when it comes to horizontal wells, due to the higher complexity and cost of the work carried out on them. Aim. To increase the efficiency of water isolation work in horizontal production wells by determining the most suitable chemical composition to limit water inflow, which would meet the requirements and be available in large quantities to a wide range of domestic oil and gas companies. Objects. The analysis of measures to reduce the water cut of well products. Subject. Various chemical reagents for isolating water inflow and methods for determining the suitability of a well for water isolation work. Methods. General scientific methods (analysis, generalization, synthesis, classification) and specific scientific ones (mathematical modeling, software modeling). The set and combination of these methods are adequate to the goals and objectives, object and subject of research of this work. Results. The authors have carried out a study to improve the efficiency of horizontal wells in conditions of increased water cut of produced products. Based on the research the most effective method of limiting water inflow – the use of gel-forming compositions – was determined. Modelling of polymer flooding was carried out in the tNavigator software package and two development scenarios were compared. The authors developed the methodology for selecting candidate wells for waterproofing work, implemented in the form of a computer program written in the Python programming language.
Path selection algorithms for connecting wireless base stations to power centers in a mine
Authors: Migov Denis A. , Yurgenson Anastaiya N.
Published: January 2025

Relevance. Necessary condition for the systems of safety and process control functioning in a mine is to provide power supply to the relevant facilities. The paper deals with one of the tasks of designing a power supply network in a mine within the framework of a hierarchical approach to organizing the network structure. Within this approach, power controllers are connected to mine lighting breaker. To supply base stations to power controllers, a multi-core cable is used. The number of such cores, as well as the number of such cables emanating from a power controller, are the parameters of the problem. Aim. To consider the problem of choosing routes for connecting base stations of wireless communication in a mine to power centers. It is assumed that base stations and mine lighting breakers are already located in a mine, having the ability to connect a given number of power controllers to them. The connection scheme must be optimal in terms of cost, which is determined by the cost of the cable used. Methods. The authors have proposed several algorithms for solving the mathematical problem, including a greedy algorithm, based on the “go to the nearest point” strategy, and a simulated annealing method. Results. To solve the problem, several approximate methods were proposed and tested. The number of cores is parameter of the problem. The best of the considered algorithms is the annealing simulation algorithm. However, if power centers need to be placed as well, brute force enumeration in the algorithm also gives good results with an appropriate combination of the number of power controllers and the number of possible locations for their placement. Practical relevance. The mathematical problem stated and the mathematical methods make it possible to find minimum cost routes for connecting wireless base stations by multi-core cables to power sources.
Integration of field data and application of machine learning methods to assess the condition of the near-wellbore zone of carbonate reservoirs
Authors: Soromotin Andrey V. , Martyushev Dmitriy A.
Published: January 2025

Relevance. Increase in the share of hard-to-recover reserves. Often, for the effective development of complex reservoirs, methods of enhanced oil recovery and production intensification are used. Currently, the feasibility of carrying out geological and technical measures is based on the results of interpretation well tests, which allows assessing the condition of the near-wellbore zone. The disadvantages of this research method are a long shutdown (as a result, “shortfalls” of oil) and increased risks of failure to bring wells into operation. In this regard, the integration of field data and the use of machine learning to describe the state of the near-wellbore zone can have a positive effect on the timeliness of geological and technical activities and ensure maximization of their effectiveness in the future. Aim. To develop a methodology for increasing the accuracy of the near-wellbore zone permeability prediction of carbonate reservoirs based on the use of machine learning methods. Methods. Statistical methods, solving the classification problem using machine learning methods. Results. This paper proposes an approach for quickly assessing the permeability of the near-wellbore zone, based on a statistical analysis of the results of interpretation of hydrodynamic studies (256 studies) and operational data from wells of an oil carbonate reservoir in the Perm Krai. To assess near-wellbore zone permeability, a multiple linear regression model was built. In order to improve the statistical metrics of regression of the near-wellbore zone permeability, the dependence of this parameter on the specific productivity coefficient in the conditions of a carbonate reservoir was studied and divided into clusters. The SHAP library was used to identify significant parameters on the predicted value. To perform the task of classifying clusters based on source data, the authors have used a machine learning technique – support vector machine and constructed differentially the regression models for each cluster. Using of this approach made it possible to increase the coefficient of determination from 0.76 to 0.96 and reduce the average absolute error in predicting the near-wellbore zone permeability from 0.018 to 0.007 µm2. Thus, the authors proposed a methodology for predicting the near-wellbore zone permeability using statistical methods based on preliminary clustering of the initial data and their classification using machine learning approaches.
Machine learning based sucker rod pump fault diagnosis using motor power curve
Authors: Ahmed Othman H. , Tecle Samuel I. , Zyuzev Anatoliy A. , Metelkov Vladimir P.
Published: January 2025

Relevance. The complexity of monitoring and diagnosing the condition of underground structural elements of sucker rod pumping units and large economic losses when operating this equipment with defects not identified in a timely manner. Aim. Development of methods for detecting faults in a sucker rod pump that do not require the involvement of highly qualified personnel for diagnosis, using information that is easily available on the surface. Methods. Machine learning methods (Decision tree method, K-nearest neighbors method, Support vector machine, Naive Bayes classifier) using motor power curves. Results and conclusions. The paper demonstrates the possibility of detecting faults in a sucker rod pump based on machine learning methods. The study was carried out on the basis of a developed simulation model of a sucker rod pump, used to reproduce motor power curves, taking into account the impact of the features of various equipment operation scenarios. Being the fundamental energy source for the oil production, motor power is directly related to the real-time operating condition of the oil well, and the motor power curve is a reliable source with the ability to increase the efficiency of sucker rod pump diagnostic. To train the machine learning classifiers and evaluate their performance accuracy, a number of characteristics were used, obtained from motor power curves for six different pump operating states. Namely, operating coefficients were calculated, representing the ratio of the power integral at each of the four stages of the installation operating cycle to the power integral for the entire cycle. The results show that the considered approach allows for high accuracy in diagnosing the operating conditions of a sucker rod pump. The classifier based on the decision tree method showed the highest efficiency among the four studied classifiers in identifying all six types of faults (95.8%), and the support vector machine method showed as well very high efficiency (90.3%).
Evaluation of sorption properties of biochar produced by hydrothermal liquefaction of Phragmites australis
Authors: Muravieva Natalia A. , Kulikova Yuliya V. , Babich Olga O.
Published: January 2025

Relevance. The need to use an innovative method of thermochemical conversion of wet biomass and organic waste – hydrothermal liquefaction. This paper focuses on the further application of the by-product of the process – solid coal residue (biochar). The obtained solid residue is proposed to be used as sorbent. Aim. To evaluate the sorption capacity of carbon residues from hydrothermal liquefaction of common reed, as well as to select methods for their activation. Object. Hydrochar produced by hydrothermal liquefaction from plant biomass – common reed (Phragmites australis). Methods. Hydrothermal liquefaction, chemical activation of hydrochar sorbents by hydrogen peroxide and vapor-gas activation, sorption capacity by methylene blue, elemental analysis, specific surface area measurement by the Brunaer, Emmett and Teller method, nitrogen sorption–desorption at 77 K. Results. Sorbent yield during activation was 45 and 30% with chemical activation and 91% with steam-gas activation. The maximum sorption capacity for methylene blue of 18.4 mg/g was achieved due to chemisorption for the sample after carbon activation with peroxide in the presence of sulphuric acid. The maximum BET surface area (18.47 m2/g) and total pore volume (0.186 cm3/g) were achieved for the sample after gas-vapor activation. Based on the results of porous structure evaluation, the mesoporous structure of the obtained coals was discovered. The obtained coals showed sorption properties as good as those of similar cheap waste sorbents. The authors have proved the possibility of using the obtained sorbents for solving environmental problems, including wastewater treatment.
Oil and gas generation potential of the Middle Jurassic coals of the Ulug-Khem Basin (South Siberia, Russia)
Authors: Ondar Solangy A. , Bushnev Dmitry A. , Smirnova Natalia A.
Published: January 2025

Relevance. The Middle Jurassic carbonaceous deposits of the Ulug-Khem basin (Republic of Tuva, Russia) are an available for studying stratigraphic analogue of the source rocks of the oil and gas basins of China (Xishanyao formation J2x) and Western Siberia (Tyumen formation J2tm). The study of their generation properties will allow us to predict the distribution zones of coal-bearing source rocks in adjacent poorly studied areas. Aim and methods. Assessment of the hydrocarbon potential of the Ulug-Khem basin coals based on the results of Rock-Eval pyrolysis. Results. According to pyrolysis data the Middle Jurassic coals of the Ulug-Khem basin have significant hydrocarbon potential. Kerogen is represented by a mixture of types II and III, vitrinite and liptinite in different proportions. The liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons generation potential of coals from the Mezhegey and Elegest coal fields has been mostly realized. The amount of hydrocarbons that could have been produced by the coals reaches very high values – 100–170 mg HC/g of rock. Comparison of the Ulug-Khem basin coals and the Middle Jurassic source rocks of Western Siberia and a number of basins in China shows the similarity of their organic matter. The hydrocarbon generation potential of the organic matter of the Middle Jurassic coals and their analogues can be realized in the sedimentary basins of Mongolia.
Acoustic calculation of process pipelines of a compressor station for assessing low-frequency pressure pulsations in dead-end branches
Authors: Schreder Alexander S. , Kurasov Oleg A. , Burkov Petr V. , Gavrilin Alexey N.
Published: January 2025

Relevance. The gas industry cannot be imagined without main gas pipelines, which are necessary to provide suppliers with the declared quantities of gas. To fulfill contractual obligations, compressor stations with high-flow compressor units are used. In order to ensure reliable operation and avoid premature failure of process equipment, periodic diagnostic work is carried out. Such measures allow increasing the service life of objects, but due to high static stresses and the occurrence of intense dynamic loads characteristic of process pipelines, this is not a sufficient condition for identifying potentially dangerous areas. In this regard, recently, engineering tools for calculating dynamic processes have been increasingly used to help solve such complex problems in order to study these processes in real systems and operating modes. Methods. Engineering analysis products to calculate the amplification of acoustic vibrations in dead-end branches of the technological piping of a compressor station. Results and conclusions. The authors have calculated the technological piping to assess the acoustic vibrations, the natural frequencies of vibrations of dead-end clarifications and the critical speeds, at which these vibrations occur. The paper introduces the results of the acoustic calculation carried out in the ANSYS Workbench software. According to these results the authors determined the pulsation amplifications in the dead-end branches, which are relatively large and can be the cause of high low-frequency vibrations.
Energy efficiency potential determination for an oil treatment and stabilization unit at the field
Authors: Ulyev Leonid M. , Chernyshov Mikhail N.
Published: January 2025

Relevance. The desire to increase the energy efficiency of industrial enterprises and reduce greenhouse gas emissions from their activities. Reducing specific energy consumption at large oil refineries and petrochemical plants is not new and is quite widely used. Dozens of monographs and thousands of articles are devoted to these areas. But it should be taken into account that in the oil refining industry, all crude oil, even that which does not reach the refinery, necessarily passes through oil preparation and stabilization units at the fields. Therefore, in order to create energy-efficient and environmentally friendly processes throughout the entire oil refining chain, it is necessary to increase the energy efficiency of the oil preparation and stabilization units located at the fields. There are very few research works on thermal energy integration of oil preparation and stabilization units. Aim. Determination of target design and energy values for an energy-efficient retrofit project of the heat exchange network for the surveyed oil preparation and stabilization units and of its energy efficiency potential. Methods. Pinch analysis methods are used to determine the target values of an energy-efficient retrofit project. Mathematical modeling of heat exchange processes in the heat exchange network and economic analysis were performed using the Pinch 2.02 software; the Aspen HYSYS software package was used to create a simulation engineering model of the oil preparation and stabilization units. Results. When determining the target values of the heat exchange network retrofit project, the cost of energy and heat exchange equipment, the cost of collectors for splitting process streams, and technical restrictions on the placement of heat exchanger sections were taken into account. The inclusion of fuel gas in the process stream table has allowed the definition of target parameters for the optimal unit heat exchange network design to evolve. In the process of evolution of target values, the energy efficiency potential of the surveyed oil preparation and stabilization units was determined, which shows the possibility of reducing specific energy consumption by 77%. Upon implementation of the heat exchange network retrofit project and achievement of target parameters, the following economic results will be obtained: IRR=42%, NPV=7425780 USD, DPP 4 years. Also, CO2 emissions can be reduced by 30 thousand tons per year. It should be noted that the evolution of target designation and all target values for the reconstruction project were obtained before the implementation of the heat exchange network oil preparation and stabilization units project itself.
Numerical studies of the efficiency of binary geothermal power plants at the studied thermal fields of Russia
Authors: Yankovsky Stanislav A. , Zavorin Alexandr S. , Yankovsky Natalia S. , Tsibulskiy Svyatoslav A.
Published: January 2025

Relevance. The necessity to develop the technologies in Russia that use non-traditional energy sources. The formation of these technologies will allow providing energy resources to the population without harmful emissions into the environment. Aim. Comprehensive analysis of the operating characteristics of a binary geothermal power plants in various climatic operating conditions. Objects. Thermal diagrams of binary geothermal power plants applicable to installation in different geographic regions and operation from different geothermal sources. Methods. Numerical studies based on mathematical algorithms of binary geothermal plant systems, comparative analysis of the efficiency of binary geothermal plants based on various external parameters. Results and conclusions. Numerical studies have been conducted to determine the efficiency of geothermal power plants with a binary thermal circuit and an air-cooled condenser were conducted during their operation on various sources, for which 15 known geothermal sources located in Russia in different geographical regions were selected. Possible operating parameters of binary geothermal power plants were analyzed based on the known characteristics of the fluid at the well outlet. Since the geothermal power plant has an air-cooled condenser in its thermal circuit, its operating parameters were obtained from the average monthly ambient air temperatures in the calendar year in the region where the analyzed geothermal source is located. Numerical studies showed the impact of thermal source parameters and climatic features on the efficiency of electric energy generation by means of a binary plant. It was revealed that with the possible operation of a binary geothermal plant during a calendar year, the highest average monthly electric power is expectedly achieved in the cold period of time, in this case in January, and is 1752 kW for the Mogoysky hot spring. For the warmest month of the year – July – the binary power plant of the Mechigmen hot spring could have the greatest electric power of 930 kW. The greatest absolute electric efficiency in January reaches 15.22%, depends to a greater extent on the value of the temperature of the heat supply in the cycle and among the binary stations considered in this work, the geothermal power plants in the settlement of Chazhemto could have it.
Algorithm for determining the operating parameters of an electrical network in the problem of optimal reconfiguration in real time
Authors: Rokhlov Vladislav A. , Khamitov Rustam N. , Zherebtsov Sergey N. , Latyntseva Anastasia A.
Published: January 2025

Relevance. The need to develop technical solutions to reduce electrical energy losses in medium-voltage distribution electrical networks of oil and gas fields. Aim. Development of an algorithm for determining the parameters of the operating mode of an electrical network, applicable in a system of optimal control of the network configuration in order to reduce the level of electricity losses in the network. Methods. Mathematical modeling methods and combinatorial optimization methods. The nodal voltage method and the Newton–Raphson method are used to calculate the network operating mode. The mode is corrected using a sensitivity matrix. Results and conclusions. The authors have developed an algorithm for determining the parameters of the electric network operating mode when determining its optimal configuration. Optimization of the optimal configuration is performed based on the criterion of minimum active power losses in lines, taking into account the limitations on the power reserve of the feeding transformer substations and the number of normal breaks on one line. The developed algorithm is based on solving nonlinear systems of equations of nodal voltages using the Newton–Raphson method, as well as on correcting the parameters of the previously calculated operating mode using the sensitivity matrix. The optimal network configuration is determined by solving the combinatorial optimization problem using the branch and bound method. The operation of the algorithm is illustrated by the example of a network section containing two overhead power lines with two power sources and three feeding transformer substations. Based on the results of the analysis of all possible network configurations determined by combinations of normal breaks, it is concluded that the use of the algorithm will reduce the level of active power losses by up to 23.8%, which will increase the efficiency of the electric grid complex.
Somatic cytogenotoxicity of first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs using the mouse micronucleus assay
Authors: Bakare Adekunle A. , Beckley Charles T. , Ebelechukwu Obi M. , Gbadebo Adeyinka M. , Coker Motunrayo M. , Bakare Omonike C. , Fagbenro Olukunle S. , Alabi Okunola A.
Published: January 2025

Rifampicin, isoniazid, ethambutol, pyrazinamide, and/or their fixed-dose combination (FDC) are the first-line tuberculosis (TB) antibiotics used as a 6-month regimen. We evaluated the cytogenotoxic effects of these drugs using the murine micronucleus assay. Male Swiss albino mice were intraperitoneally exposed for 5 consecutive days to 1.25, 2.50, 5.00, 10.00, and 20.00 mg/kg bw of rifampicin; 0.63, 1.25, 2.50, 5.00, and 10.00 mg/kg bw of isoniazid; 1.88, 3.75, 7.50, 15.00, and 30.00 mg/kg bw of ethambutol; 3.13, 6.25, 12.50, 25.00, and 50.00 mg/kg bw of pyrazinamide; and 3.50, 7.00, 14.00, 28.00, and 56.00 mg/kg bw of FDC. Normal saline and cyclophosphamide (20 mg/kg bw) were used as negative and positive controls, respectively. At the tested doses, the drugs induced a dose-independent increase in micronucleated polychromatic erythrocyte (MNPCE) and micronucleated normochromatic erythrocyte (MNNCE) compared with the negative control. The induction was statistically significant at most of the tested doses of the drugs. There was a significant increase in the percentage PCE:NCE ratio in the bone marrow cells of mice at the tested doses of isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and the FDC. These results indicate that the individual anti-TB drug and their FDC possess DNA-damaging potential in the somatic cells of mice.
Oceanic Warming Has Lengthened Intense Tropical Cyclone Seasons Globally
Authors: Leung Jeremy , Liu Jimmy , Zhao Dingchi , Xu Daosheng , Huang Hong , Zang Zengliang , Tian Wenshou , Ma Yaoming , Li Yi , Zhang Banglin
Published: January 2025

Intense tropical cyclones (TCs), which pose significant threats to human life and property, often occur within a short period of time each year, known as the intense TC season. Changes in the lengths of intense TC seasons under climate change are critical scientific and socioeconomic issues. While recent research has investigated trends in overall TC seasons, the response of intense TC seasons to climate change remains underexplored. Here, we discover that intense TC seasons have been lengthening globally since 1980, with significant increasing trends ranging from 8.5–14.2 days/decade across all basins, equivalent to 6.5-21.2% increase in intense TC season lengths per decade. This is primarily driven by the enhancing thermodynamic disequilibrium between ocean and atmosphere due to recent oceanic warming, which raises the maximum potential intensity of TCs outside the traditional intense TC seasons. Meanwhile, changes in atmospheric circulation play a minor role. As a result, off-season TCs are more likely to develop into intense TCs. The findings in this study indicate an increasing exposure of human societies to intense TC risks outside historical seasonal norms. This suggests the urgent need for preparation and mitigation measures for the potential risks of intense TCs under future climate change.
The Association of Neighborhood-Level Deprivation with Glioblastoma Outcomes: A Single Center Cohort Study
Authors: Sun Yifei , Estevez-Ordonez Dagoberto , Atchley Travis J , Nabors Burt , Markert James
Published: January 2025

Purpose
Glioblastoma is the most common primary brain malignancy. Though literature has suggested the association of glioblastoma outcomes and socioeconomic status, there is limited evidence regarding the association of neighborhood-level socioeconomic deprivation on glioblastoma outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of neighborhood-level socioeconomic deprivation on glioblastoma survival.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed all adult glioblastoma patients seen at a single institution from 2008 to 2023. Neighborhood deprivation was assessed via Area Deprivation Index (ADI), with higher ADI indicating greater neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation. Log-rank tests and multivariate cox regression was used to assess the effect of ADI and other socioeconomic variables while controlling for a priori selected clinical variables with known relevance to survival.
Results
In total, 1464 patients met inclusion criteria. The average age at diagnosis was 60 ± 14 years with a median overall survival of 13.8 months (IQR 13-14.8). The median ADI of the cohort was 66(IQR 46-84). Patients with high ADI had worse overall survival compared to patients with low ADI (11.7 vs 14.8 months, p=.001). In the multivariable model, patients with high ADI had worse overall survival (HR 1.25, 95%CI 1.09-1.43). To account for changes in WHO guidelines, we implemented the model on patients diagnosed between 2017-2023 and findings were consistent (HR 1.26,95%CI 1.01-1.56).
Conclusion
We report the first study demonstrating glioblastoma patients with higher neighborhood deprivation have worse survival after controlling for other socioeconomic and biomolecular markers. Neighborhood socioeconomic status may be a prognostic marker for glioblastoma survival.
Evaluating Teacher Motivation and Performance at Dongying Vocational College: Implications for Educational Policy and Practice
Authors: Chenglin Chai , Manla Edralin , Pagara Charity Rose , Corbita Dennis
Published: January 2025

Teacher performance, motivation, and self-identity are critical for the success of Chinese vocational colleges. These factors shape educational quality and institutional effectiveness. Despite their importance, few studies have explored the interplay in this educational context. This study employed a descriptive-correlational research design to examine the relationships between teacher self-identity, job satisfaction, and performance. Data from 100 teachers were analyzed using validated survey instruments. Descriptive statistics summarized the trends, while regression and correlation tests determined the strength of the relationships. The findings revealed high levels of self-identity (M = 3.376, SD = 0.44), job satisfaction (M = 3.41, SD = 0.43) and teaching performance (M = 3.52, SD = 0.42). Teachers have excelled in adapting teaching methods and fostering student engagement. Interpersonal relationships, including collaboration and trust, further enhance satisfaction and performance. This study highlights the interconnectedness between teacher identity, motivation, and effectiveness. These results emphasize the need for professional development, equitable resource allocation, and collaborative environments to sustain high performance. By addressing these areas, institutions can enhance teacher satisfaction, improve student outcomes, and support vocational education reform. Future research should expand on these findings across diverse contexts.