bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dose escalated simultaneous integrated boost of gross nodal disease in gynecologic cancers: a multi-institutional retrospective analysis and review of the literature
Authors: Jensen Garrett Lee , Mezera Megan Ann , Hasan Salman , Hammonds Kendall Pye , Swanson Gregory Peter , El-Ghamry Moataz Nier
Published: July 2021

Purpose: Typical doses of 45–50.4 Gy used to treat regional nodes have demonstrated inadequate control of gross nodal disease (GND) in gynecologic cancer, and accelerated repopulation may limit the efficacy of a sequential boost. We reviewed outcomes of patients treated with a simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) at 2.25 Gy per fraction to positron emission tomography (PET) avid GND to evaluate toxicity and tumor control using this dose-escalated regimen.Materials and Methods: A total of 83 patients with gynecologic cancer and PET avid inguinal, pelvic, or para-aortic lymphadenopathy were treated using intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) with SIB. Primary cancers were mostly cervical (51%) and endometrial (34%), and included patients who received concurrent chemotherapy (59%) and/or brachytherapy boost (78%).Results: Median follow-up from radiation completion was 12.6 months (range, 2.7 to 92.9 months). Median dose to elective lymphatics was 50.4 Gy (range, 45 to 50.4 Gy) at 1.8 Gy/fraction. Median SIB dose and volume were 63 Gy (range, 56.3 to 63 Gy) and 72.8 mL (range, 6.8 to 1,134 mL) at 2–2.25 Gy/fraction. Nodal control was 97.6% in the SIB area while 90.4% in the low dose area (p = 0.013). SIB radiotherapy (RT) field failure-free, non-SIB RT field failure-free, and out of RT field failure-free survival at 4 years were 98%, 86%, and 51%, respectively. Acute and late grade ≥3 genitourinary toxicity rates were 0%. Acute and late grade ≥3 gastrointestinal toxicity rates were 7.2% and 12.0%, respectively.Conclusion: Dose escalated SIB to PET avid adenopathy results in excellent local control with acceptable toxicity.
Beyond fish eDNA metabarcoding: Field replicates disproportionately improve the detection of stream associated vertebrate species
Authors: Macher Till-Hendrik , Schütz Robin , Arle Jens , Beermann Arne J. , Koschorreck Jan , Leese Florian
Published: July 2021

Fast, reliable, and comprehensive biodiversity monitoring data are needed for environmental decision making and management. Recent work on fish environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding shows that aquatic diversity can be captured fast, reliably, and non-invasively at moderate costs. Because water in a catchment flows to the lowest point in the landscape, often a stream, it can collect traces of terrestrial species via surface or subsurface runoff along its way or when specimens come into direct contact with water (e.g., when drinking). Thus, fish eDNA metabarcoding data can provide information on fish but also on other vertebrate species that live in riparian habitats. This additional data may offer a much more comprehensive approach for assessing vertebrate diversity at no additional costs. Studies on how the sampling strategy affects species detection especially of stream-associated communities, however, are scarce. We therefore performed an analysis on the effects of biological replication on both fish as well as (semi-)terrestrial species detection. Along a 2 km stretch of the river Mulde (Germany), we collected 18 1-L water samples and analyzed the relation of detected species richness and quantity of biological replicates taken. We detected 58 vertebrate species, of which 25 were fish and lamprey, 18 mammals, and 15 birds, which account for 50%, 22.2%, and 7.4% of all native species to the German federal state of Saxony-Anhalt. However, while increasing the number of biological replicates resulted in only 24.8% more detected fish and lamprey species, mammal, and bird species richness increased disproportionately by 68.9% and 77.3%, respectively. Contrary, PCR replicates showed little stochasticity. We thus emphasize to increase the number of biological replicates when the aim is to improve general species detections. This holds especially true when the focus is on rare aquatic taxa or on (semi-)terrestrial species, the so-called ‘bycatch’. As a clear advantage, this information can be obtained without any additional sampling or laboratory effort when the sampling strategy is chosen carefully. With the increased use of eDNA metabarcoding as part of national fish bioassessment and monitoring programs, the complimentary information provided on bycatch can be used for biodiversity monitoring and conservation on a much broader scale.
Advanced molecular-based surveillance of quagga and zebra mussels: A review of environmental DNA/RNA (eDNA/eRNA) studies and considerations for future directions
Authors: Feist Sheena M. , Lance Richard F.
Published: July 2021

Sensitive methods, capable of rapidly and accurately detecting aquatic invasive species, are in demand. Molecular-based approaches, such as environmental DNA (eDNA) surveys, satisfy these requirements and have grown in popularity. As such, eDNA surveys could aid the effort to combat the colonisation and spread of two notoriously invasive freshwater mussel species, the quagga mussel (Dreissena rostriformis bugensis) and zebra mussel (D. polymorpha), through improved surveillance ability. Here, we provide a review of dreissenid eDNA literature (both grey and published), summarising efforts involved in the development of various assays for use in multiple different technologies (e.g. quantitative PCR, high-throughput sequencing and loop-mediated isothermal amplification) and sampling scenarios. We discuss important discoveries made along the way, including novel revelations involving environmental RNA (eRNA), as well as the advantages and limitations of available methods and instrumentation. In closing, we highlight critical remaining gaps, where further investigation could lead to advancements in dreissenid monitoring capacity.
A new Palaearctic species of the subgenus Lunatipula (Diptera, Tipulidae) from the West Caucasus with a survey of the caucasica species group
Authors: Lantsov Vladimir I. , Pilipenko Valentin E.
Published: July 2021

The caucasica species group in the subgenus Lunatipula is redefined and now consists of five species native to the Caucasus. Tipula (L.) eleniyasp. nov. is described as new to science, and variations in the male terminalia in two populations are noted. Two subspecies (quadridentataquadridentata and quadridentatapaupera) are elevated to species rank. Detailed photo’s complement the descriptions of all five species (caucasica, eleniya, paupera, quadridentata, talyshensis), and data on ecology and distribution patterns are included as well as identification keys to males and females. Tipula caucasica is recorded from the West Caucasus and Tipula quadridentata is recorded from Dagestan (Russia) for the first time. Parallel evolution is traced in the male terminalia of the new species and in several non caucasica species group of Palaearctic Lunatipula.
Un passager clandestin : la colonisation informelle dans l’historiographie des empires français
Authors: Todd David
Published: July 2021

Alors que le concept d’empire informel est bien connu des spécialistes anglophones des études impériales, les historiens de l’impérialisme français y ont peu prêté attention. Tout en examinant les causes de ce désintérêt relatif, cet article souligne les avantages potentiels d’une meilleure prise en compte de cette dimension informelle. Réévaluer l’importance de la colonisation informelle pourrait, entre autres, faciliter l’analyse des dynamiques d’expansion impériales françaises, contribuer à mettre en valeur les mécanismes de collaboration avec d’autres empires ou avec certaines élites locales, ou encore aider à comprendre comment l’expansion impériale a façonné la France contemporaine. Le concept d’empire informel pose encore des problèmes d’ordre théorique et pratique, mais il peut servir à formuler de nouvelles questions de recherche, notamment à des fins de comparaisons et de connexions à l’échelle globale.
La domination informelle des milieux économiques marseillais en Afrique (1815-1880) : acteurs, enjeux, limites
Authors: Daumalin Xavier
Published: July 2021

Au cours du xix e siècle le port de Marseille s’ouvre pleinement à l’Afrique. À l’Algérie, bien évidemment, mais aussi à la Tunisie, au Maroc, à l’Égypte, à la Libye, aux rivages de l’Ouest et de l’Est africain et à Madagascar. L’intérêt des milieux économiques marseillais pour l’Afrique est à la fois progressif et tous azimuts. Il correspond à deux positionnements politiques successifs qui entretiennent entre eux des liens étroits, tout en offrant des discontinuités notables : la recherche, hormis le cas un peu particulier de l’Algérie, d’une expansion commerciale dans le cadre d’une entente avec les autorités africaines en place (1815-1880) ; le souhait d’inscrire leur activité économique dans un cadre colonial à partir des années 1880-1890. Cet article vise à étudier la première séquence de cette histoire et à analyser le niveau d’opérabilité d’un certain nombre de notions – « empire informel », « impérialisme libéral » ou « impérialisme du libre-échange » – pour caractériser les relations entre les milieux économiques marseillais et l’Afrique au cours des années 1815-1880.
Supports institutionnels et pénétration des marchés extra-européens. Le cas de la Chambre de Commerce française à Montevideo (1882-1890)
Authors: Talamante Pérez Manuel
Published: July 2021

L’objectif de cette contribution est d’étudier les supports institutionnels que mobilisèrent les acteurs européens – en l’occurrence français – dans leurs efforts pour obtenir un accès au marché uruguayen. Il s’agit plus précisément de comprendre le fonctionnement de ces associations et les moyens dont elles disposaient pour promouvoir les échanges entre leurs membres et les pays dont ils étaient originaires. À travers cette étude, nous souhaitons ainsi contribuer à une meilleure connaissance de ce qu’il est convenu d’appeler « l’impérialisme informel européen » et des moyens institutionnels dont il disposait. L’objectif est de saisir comment s’articulaient les intérêts privés et les supports institutionnels publics dans la dynamique d’expansion commerciale transatlantique de l’époque. Ainsi, nous nous interrogeons sur les raisons qui ont amené la communauté française de Montevideo à créer une Chambre de Commerce qui, de fait, fut la première fondée à l’étranger, ainsi que sur le rôle effectif que joua cette institution dans l’ouverture des marchés à Paris et à Montevideo. Pour répondre à ces questions, nous nous appuyons sur les archives de différentes entités, notamment sur celles de la Chambre de Commerce française à Montevideo qui conservent de très importants fonds issus de la correspondance qu’elle entretenait avec différentes places commerciales de l’espace atlantique.
Cuba, agent formel ou informel de l’impérialisme espagnol dans le Golfe de Guinée ?
Authors: Chaviano Pérez Lizbeth J.
Published: July 2021

À partir du dernier quart du xviii e siècle, les îles de Fernando Poo et d’Annobón, situées dans le golfe de Guinée, étaient théoriquement des possessions espagnoles. Il fallut pourtant attendre la fin des années 1830 pour que l’Espagne s’intéressât à elles. Devenue une puissance de second rang dont les finances publiques dépendaient de l’économie esclavagiste de Cuba, asphyxiée par la présence britannique dans le golfe de Guinée et gênée par les pressions abolitionnistes, l’Espagne parvint tout de même à mettre en œuvre un projet impérialiste en Afrique. Cependant, ce fut l’intérêt de Cuba pour ces îles africaines et leur hinterland qui déclencha la formalisation de la domination espagnole sur ces territoires, faisant ainsi de Cuba un agent de l’impérialisme informel.
L’imagerie postale ultramarine du régime de Vichy
Authors: Aupiaisi Grégory
Published: July 2021

Les émissions de timbres-poste n’ont été que très peu perturbées par la Seconde Guerre mondiale et cette continuité fonctionnelle a concerné aussi bien la France métropolitaine que l’ensemble des territoires de son empire colonial. Au-delà des 1 881 figurines qui furent mises en circulation tant par le gouvernement de Vichy que par la France Libre du général De Gaulle, l’extraordinaire diversité thématique héritée de la III e République fut préservée. Ainsi, au fil de ces figurines, se décline la vision coloniale de la III e à la IV e République entre ruptures conjoncturelles et continuités structurelles imposées par la nécessité de maintenir la crédibilité de l’administration coloniale.
Les grandes criminalités, entre réalité géopolitique et menace stratégique
Authors: Gayraud Jean-François
Published: July 2021

Les grandes criminalités dépassent désormais les seuls champs des polices et de la justice pour devenir une réalité géopolitique. Et de ce fait, une menace stratégique croissante menaçant les États et déstabilisant les sociétés. Lutter contre ce fléau passe par l’accroissement du renseignement et la reconnaissance de ce danger.
La politique publique du renseignement : Sisyphe ou Pythie ?
Authors: Gouttefarde Fabien
Published: July 2021

La politique publique du renseignement s’appuie sur la loi. Votée par le Parlement, celle-ci doit permettre de répondre aux défis de demain tout en garantissant les libertés individuelles. L’arsenal juridique français combine aussi performance et éthique, avec la volonté d’être efficace et conforme aux exigences démocratiques.
Apports, enjeux et défis du renseignement d’origine sources ouvertes
Authors: Fressin Thomas
Published: July 2021

Le renseignement d’origine sources ouvertes (ROSO) présente un intérêt majeur par la variété des informations disponibles. Cela permet d’analyser et de comprendre de nouvelles menaces, à condition de développer de nouveaux outils d’analyse pour lesquels la France devrait augmenter ses efforts.
Relancer la géographie française avec l’intelligence artificielle
Authors: Guérin Arnaud
Published: July 2021

La géographie française reste une référence. Elle peut cependant progresser en investissant les outils de l’intelligence artificielle. Le GEOINT devient un maillon essentiel pour la conduite des opérations qui ont besoin de données géoréférencées de plus en plus complexes. La France a des atouts à valoriser dans ce champ.
Justice familiale et « mariages migratoires ». Observations dans deux tribunaux français
Authors: Wyvekens Anne
Published: July 2021

Dans un contexte de resserrement des politiques migratoires, les mariages binationaux font l’objet d’une suspicion grandissante. La justice familiale, lieu particulier de rencontre entre l’État et les couples à composante migratoire, représente à cet égard un terrain d’analyse original. L’article s’interroge sur les pratiques de magistrates traitant d’affaires de divorce et d’annulation de mariage. Au parquet comme au siège, le discours sur la fraude, et la définition restrictive du « bon » mariage qui l’accompagne se confrontent à la fois à des contraintes institutionnelles et à une régulation judiciaire axée sur une conception contractuelle de la famille, faisant la part belle à l’autonomie de la volonté. La justice familiale se tient à une relative distance des discours suspicieux des politiques migratoires.
Féminismes en traduction : pour une perspective dialogique des droits humains des femmes
Authors: Regina Bissolotti dos Santos Andressa , Dierickx Gauthier
Published: July 2021

La tension entre universalisme et relativisme est constante dans les débats autour des droits humains, menant à plusieurs impasses, particulièrement quand il s’agit des droits de groupes sociaux minoritaires. À partir d’une réflexion sur les droits humains des femmes et mobilisant une méthodologie essayiste, cet article ambitionne d’établir un dialogue entre les théories critiques des droits humains et les formulations théoriques des féminismes postcoloniaux en vue de déplacer les termes traditionnels dans lesquels le débat en question est posé. Sur base de cette aspiration théorique, l’article vise à démontrer qu’une interprétation non réductrice de la culture, ainsi qu’une compréhension de la possibilité de dialogues interculturels entre les luttes des femmes du Sud global pourraient toutes deux proposer de nouvelles façons de renforcer mutuellement de telles luttes dans leurs contextes locaux.
L’itinéraire de Karl Rahner
Authors: Neufeld Karl Heinz
Published: July 2021

Partant de l’intervention de Karl Rahner au colloque à Budapest sur « La responsabilité de l’homme dans le monde d’aujourd’hui », quelques semaines avant sa mort en 1984 – en quelque sorte son testament théologique –, l’article présente l’itinéraire du théologien, se focalisant sur sa vision du « monde ». Ayant contribué au changement de cette vision dans l’Église, la pensée de Karl Rahner s’est transformée elle-même dans cette évolution.
Karl Rahner dans le monde anglophone
Authors: Endean Philip
Published: July 2021

Les vue s d’ensemble de l’Œuvre de Rahner proposées dans le monde anglophone, soit par ses admirateurs soit par ses critiques, le présentent comme fondé sur la philosophie, souvent sans reconnaître le contexte ecclésial et les nuances conceptuelles. D’autres traitent l’un ou l’autre domaine de la théologie de Rahner, l’expliquant, le contestant, ou le développant, de différents points de vue et avec des niveaux de compétence variables. Cette diversité dans la théologie engendrée par Rahner confirme ses prédictions sur le pluralisme de la théologie faite par les catholiques après lui.
Les sacrements et l’Église-sacrement
Authors: Fédou Michel
Published: July 2021

Les écrits de Rahner sur les sacrements et sur l’Église témoignent d’une attention aiguë aux questions pastorales de son temps. À travers les réponses données à celles-ci, ils reflètent surtout quelques orientations essentielles que l’article s’efforce de mettre en évidence. Parmi les thèmes centraux figure celui de l’Église comme sacrement. Les objections que ce thème a suscitées sont à entendre, mais ne doivent pas empêcher de retrouver, en amont des débats sur la sacramentalité de l’Église, les vues profondes de Rahner sur la Parole sacramentelle et sur le symbolisme sacramentel. Sans doute est-ce à cette condition que l’on peut au mieux éprouver la puissance d’inspiration dont la théologie rahnérienne est porteuse à propos de l’Église et des sacrements – une théologie qui est à comprendre avant tout comme une théologie de la grâce et de son incarnation dans l’histoire du monde.
Transcendantal, catégorial et expérience de la grâce
Authors: Riaudel Olivier
Published: July 2021

Cet article interroge l’évidence avec laquelle on parle de l’importance du transcendantal dans la théologie de Karl Rahner. Il défend la thèse selon laquelle les références philosophiques, réelles, ne doivent pas masquer l’usage théologique qui en est fait. On distingue trois usages du concept «transcendantal» chez Rahner, et l’on discute surtout le sens dans lequel il forme un couple avec «catégorial».
La fécondité philosophique du « soubassement » transcendantal de la théologie de Rahner
Authors: Sendrez David
Published: July 2021

L’acte philosophique, tel qu’il est convoqué par la manière dont Rahner fait de la théologie : tel sera le champ exploré. L’enjeu en paraît actuel, car il interroge le mode de présence du discours théologique dans l’ensemble des discours rendant compte de l’homme et de ses visions du monde. Des débats récents et non encore dépassés s’en trouvent convoqués, comme les clivages du début du XX e  siècle à propos de la méthode d’immanence, ou le destin du transcendantal dans la philosophie contemporaine.
Numerical analysis and simulations of a frictional contact problem with damage and memory
Authors: Xuan Hailing , Cheng Xiaoliang
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we study a frictional contact model which takes into account the damage and the memory. The deformable body consists of a viscoelastic material and the process is assumed to be quasistatic. The mechanical damage of the material which caused by the tension or the compression is included in the constitutive law and the damage function is modelled by a nonlinear parabolic inclusion. Then the variational formulation of the model is governed by a coupled system consisting of a history-dependent hemivariational inequality and a nonlinear parabolic variational inequality. We introduce and study a fully discrete scheme of the problem and derive error estimates for numerical solutions. Under appropriate solution regularity assumptions, an optimal order error estimate is derived for the linear finite element method. Several numerical experiments for the contact problem are given for providing numerical evidence of the theoretical results.
Peer effects on the United States Supreme Court
Authors: Holden Richard , Keane Michael , Lilley Matthew
Published: July 2021

Using data on essentially every U.S. Supreme Court decision since 1946, we estimate a model of peer effects on the Court. We estimate the impact of justice ideology and justice votes on the votes of their peers. To identify the peer effects, we use two instruments that generate plausibly exogenous variation in the peer group itself, or in the votes of peers. The first instrument utilizes the fact that the composition of the Court varies from case to case due to recusals or absences for health reasons. The second utilizes the fact that many justices previously sat on Federal Circuit Courts, and justices are generally much less likely to overturn decisions in cases sourced from their former “home” court. We find large peer effects. For example, we can use our model to predict the impact of replacing Justice Ginsburg with Justice Barrett. Under the the assumption that Justice Barrett's ideological position aligns closely with Justice Scalia, for whom she clerked, we predict that her influence on the Court will increase the Conservative vote propensity of the other justices by 4.7 percentage points. That translates into 0.38 extra conservative votes per case on top of the impact of her own vote. In general, we find indirect effects are large relative to the direct mechanical effect of a justice's own vote.
Bandits in the lab
Authors: Hoelzemann Johannes , Klein Nicolas
Published: July 2021

We experimentally implement a dynamic public‐good problem, where the public good in question is the dynamically evolving information about agents' common state of the world. Subjects' behavior is consistent with free‐riding because of strategic concerns. We also find that subjects adopt more complex behaviors than predicted by the welfare‐optimal equilibrium, such as noncut‐off behavior, lonely pioneers, and frequent switches of action.
Harley Quinn and the carnivalesque transformation of comic book fandom
Authors: Burke Liam
Published: July 2021

The antihero Harley Quinn was first introduced as the Joker's "henchwench" in Batman: The Animated Series (1992). The character soon developed a dedicated fan base, including enthusiasts who did not conform to traditional definitions of comic book fans. Recognizing Harley Quinn's popularity, DC Comics subsequently incorporated the character into comic book continuity. Today, Harley Quinn is a transmedia icon extended across multiple media platforms. In this article, audience research and creator interviews were performed to show how Harley Quinn has been used by both fans and industry stakeholders to transform long-standing (and often outdated) definitions of comic book fandom. Much of Harley Quinn's transformative potential comes from invoking a carnivalesque tradition that defies boundaries. Harley Quinn's popularity is not simply symptomatic of a widening comic book fandom but was active in that transformation.
Longitudinal Reading Performance Comparison and its Variation with Print, Mobile and Social Media Tools
Authors: Xiangming Li , Li Xuening , Song Menghong , Zhang Jingshun
Published: July 2021

A plethora of previous literature generated the mixture of results by comparing the reading outcome between digital and printed contexts. Further, the cross-sectional study above failed to yield the findings about the multi-session per-formance over a prolonged period of time as the reading activities proceeded. To address the gap, this study further explored the reading performance over a period of 12 weeks by designing the four-session frames for three different reading contexts of print, mobile and social media. Reading performance scores were gathered from186 postgraduate students from a research university in P.R. China.

One-way ANOVA was conducted to compare the reading outcome among three reading contexts within each temporal session. The integrated statistical results showed that reading in social media produced the highest performance and reading in mobile the lowest performance across all the four temporal ses-sions. Longitudinal study revealed the consistency of reading performance in social media and in mobile with respectively high and low caliber over the four the reading sessions. Reading in print generated the performance in be-tween except in the second temporal session. Future efforts could direct to the comparison of text length between short and long with different textual genres.
E-learning Text Sentiment Classification Using Hierarchical Attention Network (HAN)
Authors: Chanaa Abdessamad , El Faddouli Nour-eddine
Published: July 2021

Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) have recently become a very motivating research field in education. Analyzing MOOCs discussion forums presents important issues since it can create challenges for understanding and appropriately identifying student sentiment behaviours. Using the high effectiveness of deep learning, this study aims to classify forum posts based on their sentiment polarity using two experiments. The first use the three known sentiment labels (positive/negative/neutral) and the second one employs sevens labels. The classification method implemented the Hierarchical Attention Network (HAN) algorithm; it combines the attention mechanism with a hierarchical network that simulates the same hierarchical structure of the document. The analysis of 29604 discussion posts from Stanford University affirms the effectiveness of our model. HAN achieved a classification accuracy of 70.3%, which surpassed the other prediction results using usual text classification models. These results are promising and have implications on the future development of automated sentiment analysis tool on e-learning discussion forum.
Design an Adaptive Mobile Scaffolding System According to Students’ Cognitive Style Simplicity vs Complexity for Enhancing Digital Well-Being
Authors: Alhalafawy Waleed Salim , Najmi Ali Hassan , Zaki Marwa Zaki Tawfiq , Alharthi Majed Hamed
Published: July 2021

The present study is aimed to design an adaptive mobile scaffolding System (AMSS) to provide educational scaffolding to students that is compatible with their cognitive style simplicity vs complexity (CSSC), and to measure the effectiveness of the model in enhancing students' digital well-being (DWB) in the Faculty of education, University of XXXX. Semi-experimental design of two groups was used: the first experimental group received unified mobile scaffold regardless of their cognitive styles. The second experimental group received mobile scaffold that was organized and directed to the students based on their characteristics related to their CSSC. Both experimental groups received mobile scaffold as a complementary component to the lectures delivered for the Technological Innovations in Education course in the General Diploma in Education. The study sample consisted of (71) students who met the requirements and they were randomized to two experimental groups. To examine the effectiveness of the AMSS, a DWB scale was developed. Kelly's scale of CSSC was used to identify students who fell within the scope of this style. The results were statistically analyzed using T-test to compare between the groups and to determine the significance of differences. The results showed the effectiveness of the proposed model of AMSS in developing the students’ DWB compared to the unified scaffold model.
The Other Side of Tropical Paradise: Traces of Modernism within the Vernacular Landscapes of Early Twentieth-Century Bali
Authors: Achmadi Amanda
Published: July 2021

The island of Bali is arguably one of the most enigmatic locations to observe the lasting legacy of colonialism within the historiography of vernacular architecture in Asia. Despite Edward Said’s seminal thesis on orientalism and the subsequent production of postcolonial scholarship, architectural and traveling discourses on Bali carry through the hegemonic notion of otherness, with little resistance, far beyond the colonial era. The Orientalist notion of a traditional and authentic Bali is a powerful conception that has produced its own realities and governed the production of cultural and architectural markers on the island throughout the twentieth century. Outside the established tourist path of the island’s southern coastline and its hilly hinterland, however, we are confronted with a multifaceted and cosmopolitan urban landscape. This other side of Bali challenges the established architectural categories, such as “traditional Balinese,” that have long governed the world’s interaction with and perception of the island’s built landscape. Unsurprisingly, most architectural and travel accounts have labeled these dynamic landscapes as inauthentic, culturally polluted, or insignificant. They are nonetheless conceived, built, and inhabited by the island’s diverse local population, unlike the architectural simulacra of Bali that dominate the island’s key tourist destinations, such as Ubud, Legian and Sanur, and were built for tourists. This article is an exploration of the forgotten facets of Bali’s architectural landscape. It showcases hybrid and modern architectural traces left behind as diverse localities on the island repositioned themselves within the changing time of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries and the arrival of the tourist gaze. Focusing on the former capitals of three royal kingdoms of nineteenth century Bali—Badung, Klungkung, and Karangasem—it will examine how the vernacular, cosmopolitanism, and modernism interacted. Ranging from an insertion of modern architectural forms within the vernacular setting to a hybrid configuration of multiple cultural references, the case studies featured here illustrate a shifting vernacular landscape molded by the island’s dynamic power relations. They destabilize the notion of an authentic, autonomous, and real Bali that is championed not only by colonial and traveling discourses, but also by the majority of the island’s population today.
Danser et être dansé
Authors: Acselrad Maria
Published: July 2021

Je danse, elle danse, nous dansons : une dimension agentive caractérise l’action de danser. Dans la danse des caboclinhos (Pernambuco, Brésil), nous sommes invités à réfléchir sur qui danse et sur qui est dansé, lors de cette performance. Les caboclinhos sont des associations de carnaval composées d’hommes, de femmes et d’enfants déguisés en Amérindiens et armés d’arcs et de flèches, défilant dans les quartiers périphériques des villes de la région du Pernambuco. Leurs danses, appelées littéralement des « manœuvres », évoquent des mouvements de guerre. Au-delà des forces mobilisées pour déterminer qui danse le plus et le mieux, se joue aussi une bataille dans le domaine spirituel. Les caboclinhos sont reliés à la Jurema, une religion afro-indigène qui rend un culte aux caboclos (esprits d’ancêtres indigènes, guerriers et guérisseurs). La compréhension du « monde comme un combat » dans l’esthétique du Nordeste du Brésil, est une catégorie centrale pour penser l’ethos de cette région (Lagrou et Gonçalves, 2013). Il est donc nécessaire de mettre en lumière la dimension agonistique de cette pratique afin d’appréhender cette danse comme une expérience corporelle traversée par des forces d’opposition.
Sumbo yoro sé !
Authors: Devineau Camille
Published: July 2021

Au Burkina Faso, la qualité de la danse des masques des griots bwaba, les sumbopwa, témoigne d’une influence des génies, entités invisibles, sur les humains. Sumbo yoro se ! « La danse du masque est bonne ! » Cette exclamation fait état de ce que les Bwaba désignent comme la « force » dont les mouvements du danseur témoignent. Cette « force » comprend deux aspects complémentaires : la force physique et la force donnée par « l’invisible », à savoir la capacité d’action qu’ont les génies sur les porteurs de masques et donc sur le monde humain. C’est une inspiration reçue des génies qui permet aux porteurs de masques d’effectuer des prouesses tout au long de la nuit. Ils ne sont alors « plus tout à fait eux-mêmes » et démontrent des capacités touchant la limite de l’humain pour frôler celle du génie. L’implication des génies dans la performance dansée signifie d’abord pour les Bwaba qu’ils apprécient le rituel. La qualité de la danse des masques révèle alors le lien qui unit les humains et les génies, la bonne disposition de ces derniers envers les humains ainsi que la puissance qu’en retirent les humains.
La danse du wititi
Authors: Freire Maria José
Published: July 2021

Cet article présente une première analyse du wititi, danse exécutée lors des fêtes patronales de la Vallée du Colca (Arequipa, Pérou). On y émet l’hypothèse que cette danse rend visible des processus d’intergestualité. En effet, elle abrite et fait dialoguer différentes corporalités générées à travers des processus d’intensification des relations sociales de cette région. Cette étude cherche à analyser les séries de gestualités qui composent cette danse, ainsi que leurs variations, tout en articulant les valeurs énoncées par les corps dansant à d’autres éléments de l’ensemble performatif, tels que les vêtements et leurs broderies. Ainsi, la relation tronc fléchi-tronc droit — qui se présente comme une des principales différenciations locales de l’exécution de la danse — montre comment des gestualités urbaines contribuent à donner une signification nouvelle à un trope fondateur de l’organisation sociale andine : les relations entre la partie haute et la partie basse de la vallée.
« Je la regarde et je danse »
Authors: Nesti Elena
Published: July 2021

Dans cet article, j’analyse les mouvements dansés sur scène d’une auteure-compositrice-interprète, non danseuse. Plus elle bouge, plus ses fans reconnaissent la raison pour laquelle ils l’ont « choisie », pourquoi elle les représente. L’asymétrie entre le corps sculpté et préparé de l’artiste et les corps non entraînés des fans est grande, et ceux-ci se reconnaissent non dans le corps performant lui-même, mais dans ses mouvements. Comment sa manière de se mouvoir permet-elle à ses fans de s’identifier à elle ? Comment son entraînement, qui renforce des représentations culturelles partagées autour du genre et modèle sa posture sur scène, favorise des expériences d’empathie kinesthésique activement recherchées par les fans ? Il s’agit de voir comment les fans s’appuient à la fois sur l’identité médiatique et sur l’identité personnelle de la chanteuse, perçues à travers ses mouvements, pour en tirer du pouvoir.
Wear Properties of Stainless Steel Lubricated by Cerbera and Rubber Seeds Methyl Esters under Boundary Lubrication Condition
Authors: Fuadi Zahrul , Kurniawan Rudi , Dirhamsyah Muhammad , Bahri Samsul , Muhammad Mahadir , Kanda Koki , Adachi Koshi
Published: July 2021

The use of biodiesel fuel converted from vegetable-based oil are continuously increasing due sustainability and environment concerns. It is important to increase the portion of converted fuel from non-edible sources to reduce the use of food stock. In this study, the tribological properties of stainless-steel material was investigated when lubricated by two kinds of methyl esters converted from non-edible vegetable oils, i.e. Cerbera oil and Rubber seeds oil. The friction and wear were investigated by using a ball-on-disk tribometer at severe friction condition. The results show that the wear of material lubricated by both methyl esters was much smaller than that lubricated by petrol diesel fuel. At temperature of 27°C, the worn area on the ball specimens for the case of Cerbera and Rubber seeds methyl esters were 0.396 mm2 and 0.391 mm2 compared to 3.642 mm2 for the case of petroleum diesel fuel. At 80°C, they were 0.410 mm2 and 0.429 mm2 compared to 4.152 mm2 for the case of petroleum diesel fuel. This shows that both Cerbera and Rubber seeds methyl esters has a good tribological properties comparable to other methyl esters sources used for mineral diesel fuel substitute.
Adsorption of Iron (II) Ion by Using Magnetite-Bentonite-Based Monolith from Water
Authors: Nurul Ismi , Yanna Syamsuddin , Adisalamun Adisalamun , Veneza Aulia Sugianto , Darmadi Darmadi
Published: July 2021

In this study, iron removal was carried out by the adsorption process as a well-known method of removing heavy metal. Natural bentonite with magnetic properties in a monolithic form or Magnetite-Bentonite-based Monolith (MBM) adsorbent was used as an adsorbent to remove Iron (II) ion from the aqueous solution. The magnetic properties of adsorbents are obtained by adding magnetite (Fe3O4), which is synthesized by the coprecipitation process. The characterization of magnetic properties was performed using the Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). VSM results showed that the magnetic particles were ferromagnetic. Adsorption efficiency, isotherm model, and adsorption kinetics were investigated in a batch system with iron solution concentration varied from 2 to 10 mg/L and magnetite loading at 2% and 5% w/w. The highest removal efficiency obtained reached 89% with a 5% magnetite loading. The best fit to the data was obtained with the Langmuir isotherm (non-linear) with maximum monolayer adsorption capacity (Qo) at 5% magnetic loading MBM adsorbent is 0.203 mg/g with Langmuir constants KL and aL are 2.055 L/g and 10.122 L/mg respectively. The pseudo-first-order (non-linear) kinetic model provides the best correlation of the experimental data with the rate of adsorption (k1) with magnetite loading 2% and 5%, respectively are 0.024 min-1 and 0.022 min-1.
Nanomagnetite Extraction from Iron Sand Prepared by Mechanical Alloying Method
Authors: Adi Rahwanto , Ismail Ismail , Akhyar Akhyar , Jalil Zulkarnain , Ariel Hazril Gursida
Published: July 2021

In this paper, the magnetic properties of Aceh iron sand was studied. The iron sand was collected from the Syiah Kuala coastal area, Banda Aceh and obtained by mechanical alloying method using planetary ball milling. The mineral compositions were investigated by XRD and XRF analysis tests. The XRF test showed that the sand mostly contain magnetite, Fe3O4 (85.80%) in association with other impurities of SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3 and some others minor minerals. Compare to XRD results, the phase compositions were mainly magnetite (Fe3O4). So, it is consistent with the XRF data. The electron microscopy observation (SEM) showed the fine crystalline structure and the main morphology was micro-crystalline in agglomerate forms. Furthermore, the magnetic properties after 20 hours milling showed the increasing in the coercivity (Hc) and remanent (Br), while the magnetic saturation (Ms) was decreased. This behavior can be explained that nano-Fe3O4 phase after the milling process plays an important role in the magnetic properties of iron sand.
Atmospheric Corrosion Analysis on Low Carbon Steel Plate Profile and Elbow in Medan Belawan District
Authors: Affandi Affandi , Tanjung Iqbal , Nasution Arya Rudi , Harahap Abdul Gani , Fonna Syarizal , Ariffin Ahmad Kamal , Huzni Syifaul
Published: July 2021

The objective of this study is to carry out an atmospheric corrosion analysis on low carbon steel in the form of plates and elbows in the port area of Belawan. The exposure of the test specimen was carried out at five locations for 12 months. The location points are notated as A, B, C, D, and E. The process of specimen exposure and data collection followed the ASTM G-1 and ASTM G-50 standards. The measurement results indicated a slight difference in the corrosion rate at each location. Location C and D have the highest corrosion rate and location A has the lowest corrosion rate. Meanwhile, for locations B and E have a corrosion rate value that is not much different from location A. This difference in value is probably a consequence of the distance from the exposure location to the seaside. Locations C and D are adjacent to the seaside while the other locations are not. The steel plate has an average value of corrosion rate 0.2214 mpy and steel elbow has a rate of 0.2412 mpy. From the measurement results obtained, the two specimens exposed at each location are still in the "outstanding" category.
The Effect of Tool Rotation Speed on Hardness, Tensile Strength, and Microstructure of Dissimilar Friction Stir Welding of Dissimilar AA5083 and AA6061-T6 Alloys
Authors: Wahyudianto Arif , Ilman Mochammad Noer , Iswanto Priyo Tri , Kusmono Kusmono , Akhyar Akhyar
Published: July 2021

The welding between two different grades of aluminum alloy, specifically AA5083 and AA6061-T6, is very difficult to obtain optimal results when using conventional welding methods such as TIG/MIG welding. Therefore, a solid-state joining technique is highly recommended to overcome these problems, one of which is friction stir welding (FSW). The effect of rotation speed on microstructure, microhardness, and tensile properties of dissimilar Friction Stir welded AA5083 and AA6061-T6 aluminum alloys were investigated. Three different rotation speeds (910, 1500, and 2280 rpm) were used to weld the dissimilar alloys. The metallographic analysis of joints showed the presence of various zones such as BM (base material), HAZ (heat affected zone), TMAZ (thermo-mechanically affected zone), and NZ (nugget zone) were observed and analyzed by mean of optical and scanning electron microscope. The results showed that increasing the rotation speed from 900 to 2280 rpm made grain coarsening in NZ and the mass distribution of the material is more evenly distributed, as well as increased hardness and tensile strength of the joint. The highest values in microhardness in NZ and tensile strength at the join were founded at the speed of 2280 rpm and 1500 rpm which was similar to 2280 rpm, respectively.
Mapping Corrosivity Steel Construction at Atmospheric Conditions in Langsa Town Center and Palm Oil Mill Industry
Authors: Muhammad Zulfri , Ali Nurdin , Husaini Husaini , Sri Mulyati
Published: July 2021

Corrosion is one of the main causes of early failure of infrastructure both for public housing facilities and public facilities in downtown Langsa. This corrosion is caused by air pollution generated from motor vehicle and household industry exhaust fumes and exhaust smoke from the nearest palm oil mill industry from the city of Langsa. Related to air pollution, its sustainability should be a concern regarding environmental impacts that occur, one of which is atmospheric corrosion. This study aims to analyze the impact of the effects of pollution on infrastructure corrosion on construction steel which is often used on infrastructure in the city of Langsa and the palm oil mill industry. There are five types of steel model infrastructure consisting of strips of plate steel, elbow steel, cylinder steel, plate steel, and low carbon steel market have become specimens. Calculation of corrosion rate using the method of mass loss by reference to ASTM standard G50, the location selected above buildings in downtown Langsa and palm oil mill industry. The results of the study for one year showed the level of corrosion rate that occurred in 5 types of steel construction is still relatively safe or its relative corrosion resistance can be classified in the outstanding category (<1 mil per year). The conclusion is that 5 types of construction steel that have been tested, are resistant to corrosion, and are suitable for use as the main construction material in Langsa City and the palm oil mill industrial environment.
Experimental Investigation of Making a Composite Material from Plastic (LDPE) Waste
Authors: Arsana Made Ery , Suamir I Nyoman , Sudirman Sudirman , Temaja I Wayan , Widiantara Ida Bagus Gde
Published: July 2021

Plastic waste has been a major issue regarding waste in the world today. Plastic production in the world has reached 8300 million metric tons (Mt) from 1950 to 2015 and of about 6,300 Mt turned into waste. The development of industry and technology is often accompanied by the emergence of environmental impact issue. Encompassed plastic waste in nature causes problems, as it can drift from the land and fill the oceans around the world. Various plastic waste processing technologies have been introduced. Recycling plastic waste into goods, fuel oils and asphalt mixtures are things that have been done enormously. This research aims to make composite materials from used plastics, clay materials, and charcoal. A qualitative experimental method by heating the plastic waste below 270°C. Then, it is mixed with additional materials and casted the composite into a mold to form test specimens. Mechanical testing has been carried out to evaluate the composite. The results show that a composite material comprises plastic waste, clay and charcoal can provide maximum tensile strength of 14.59 N. The tested composite material is found to be 34.20% stronger than the material made of only plastic waste.
Failure Analysis of the Short Drive Shaft in a Screw Press Machine
Authors: Muhammad Irvin Barizi , Husaini Husaini , Ali Nurdin , Rauzatul Akmal , Putra Teuku Edisah
Published: July 2021

The screw press is a type of machine press used for extracting crude palm oil from the oil palm’s mesocarp, where its short driveshaft, a mechanical component for transmitting torque and rotation, is often found to be susceptible to failure. Since the initial damage to the short driveshafts in the shaft keyway area is associated with the frequent incidence of shaft failure, this research aimed to discover the root cause of this failure and how to prevent it using visual inspection and stress analysis methods as well as those of the fractography, metallography, chemical composition, and hardness tests. Using the descriptive method to analyse the collected data, the visual inspection and the fractography results of the research indicated that the fatigue crack failure of the short drive shaft in the palm oil screw press machine was caused by the fatigue crack initiation that was safe from stress concentration in its keyway areas. This crack initiation was followed by crack propagation as indicated in beach mark forms. Finally, the ductile fracture observed on the shaft surface was found to have resulted from the continuous rotational motion and the loading and unloading effect of the central shaft driving system.
Studying the Effect of Fuel Elements Structural Materials Corrosion on their Operating Life
Authors: Hapon Yuliana , Kustov Maksym , Kalugin Volodumur , Savchenko Alexander
Published: July 2021

The paper deals with experimental data regarding the effect of internal and external factors on the corrosion decay of Zr1Nb alloy fuel elements. Based on the analysis results, losses of zirconium that transfers to oxide or coolant as per the fuel element wall weight and thickness as well as economic losses from their corrosion decay have been theoretically calculated. To avoid a state-level emergency occurrence, an increase in the fuel element wall thickness up to 660 μm is proposed, which can increase the operating life under the conditions of trouble-free coolant mass transfer hydrodynamic mode.
Use of Silicone Materials in Modern Structures of Highly Functional Technical Means of Rehabilitation
Authors: Solntseva Irina , Bielievtsova Ludmila , Blyznyuk Oleksandr , Vasilchenko Alexey
Published: July 2021

The choice of silicone materials for manufacturing of technical means of rehabilitation of high functionality has been validated. Comparison of physical mechanical properties of domestically produced high-temperature silicones with the materials produced by leading European companies has been carried out. The use of the particular brand of domestically produced high-temperature silicones is recommended according to strength and elastic properties for different groups of products. Efficiency of use of high-temperature silicones in manufacturing of components for prostheses, including bionic ones, has been specified.