bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic Variations as Modifying Factors to Dietary Zinc Requirements—A Systematic Review
Authors: Day Kaitlin , Adamski Melissa , Dordevic Aimee , Murgia Chiara
Published: February 2017

Due to reduced cost and accessibility, the use of genetic testing has appealed to health professionals for personalising nutrition advice. However, translation of the evidence linking polymorphisms, dietary requirements, and pathology risk proves to be challenging for nutrition and dietetic practitioners. Zinc status and polymorphisms of genes coding for zinc-transporters have been associated with chronic diseases. The present study aimed to systematically review the literature to assess whether recommendations for zinc intake could be made according to genotype. Eighteen studies investigating 31 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in relation to zinc intake and/or status were identified. Five studies examined type 2 diabetes; zinc intake was found to interact independently with two polymorphisms in the zinc-transporter gene SLC30A8 to affect glucose metabolism indicators. While the outcomes were statistically significant, the small size of the effect and lack of replication raises issues regarding translation into nutrition and dietetic practice. Two studies assessed the relationship of polymorphisms and cognitive performance; seven studies assessed the association between a range of outcomes linked to chronic conditions in aging population; two papers described the analysis of the genetic contribution in determining zinc concentration in human milk; and two papers assessed zinc concentration in plasma without linking to clinical outcomes. The data extracted confirmed a connection between genetics and zinc requirements, although the direction and magnitude of the dietary modification for carriers of specific genotypes could not be defined. This study highlights the need to summarise nutrigenetics studies to enable health professionals to translate scientific evidence into dietary recommendations.
“Cocoa and Chocolate: Science and Gastronomy”—The Second Annual Workshop of the Research Institute on Nutrition and Food Security (INSA): 9 November 2016
Authors: Massot‐Cladera Malen , Pérez‐Cano Francisco , Llorach Rafael , Urpi‐Sarda Mireia
Published: February 2017

The Research Institute on Nutrition and Food Security at the University of Barcelona (INSA‐UB) was founded in 2005 by twenty‐two research groups from the Faculties of Pharmacy and Food Science; Biology; Chemistry; and Geography and History, as well as other UB‐affiliated centers and hospitals [...]
Optical Properties and Amplified Spontaneous Emission of Novel MDMO-PPV/C500 Hybrid
Authors: Abumosa Rasha , Al-Asbahi Bandar , AlSalhi Mohamad
Published: February 2017

The influence of the solvent nature on optical properties of poly[2-methoxy-5-3,7-dimethyloctyloxy-1,4-phenylenevinylene] (MDMO-PPV)/Coumarine 500 (C500) have been investigated. In addition, the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) from MDMO-PPV and efficient energy transfer between the MDMO-PPV and C500 has been verified. The MDMO-PPV was dissolved in aromatic and nonaromatic solvents, while the solution blending method was employed to prepare the MDMO-PPV:C500 hybrid. The quantum yield of the MDMO-PPV was found to increase with the reduction of a few factors such as polarity index of the solvent, absorption cross section (σa), emission cross section (σe), and extinction coefficient (εmax). The fluorescence spectra of the MDMO-PPV appears from two vibronic band transitions (0-0, 0-1) and the ASE occurs at 0-1 transition, which was verified by the ASE from MDMO-PPV. The MDMO-PPV in toluene exhibited the best ASE efficiency due to its high quantum yield compared with other solvents. Strong overlap between the absorption spectrum of MDMO-PPV and emission spectrum of C500 confirmed the efficient energy transfer between them. Moreover, the ASE for energy transfer of the MDMO-PPV:C500 hybrid was proved.
Monitoring the Rapid-Moving Reactivation of Earth Flows by Means of GB-InSAR: The April 2013 Capriglio Landslide (Northern Appennines, Italy)
Authors: Bardi Federica , Raspini Federico , Frodella William , Lombardi Luca , Nocentini Massimiliano , Gigli Giovanni , Morelli Stefano , Corsini Alessandro , Casagli Nicola
Published: February 2017

This paper presents the main results of the GB-InSAR (ground based interferometric synthetic aperture radar) monitoring of the Capriglio landslide (Northern Apennines, Emilia Romagna Region, Italy), activated on 6 April 2013. The landslide, triggered by prolonged rainfall, is constituted by two main adjacent enlarging bodies with a roto-translational kinematics. They activated in sequence and subsequently joined into a large earth flow, channelizing downstream of the Bardea Creek, for a total length of about 3600 m. The displacement rate of this combined mass was quite high, so that the landslide toe evolved with velocities of several tens of meters per day (with peaks of 70–80 m/day) in the first month, and of several meters per day (with peaks of 13–14 m/day) from early May to mid-July 2013. In the crown area, the landslide completely destroyed a 450 m sector of provincial roadway S.P. 101, and its retrogression tendency exposed the villages of Capriglio and Pianestolla, located in the upper watershed area of the Bardea Creek, to great danger. Furthermore, the advancing toe seriously threatened the Antria bridge, representing the “Massese” provincial roadway S.P. 665R transect over the Bardea Creek, the only strategic roadway left able to connect the above-mentioned villages. With the final aim of supporting local authorities in the hazard assessment and risk management during the emergency phase, on 4 May 2013 aerial optical surveys were conducted to accurately map the landslide extension and evolution. Moreover, a GB-InSAR monitoring campaign was started in order to assess displacements of the whole landslide area. The versatility and flexibility of the GB-InSAR sensors allowed acquiring data with two different configurations, designed and set up to continuously retrieve information on the landslide movement rates (both in its upper slow-moving sectors and in its fast-moving toe). The first acquisition mode revealed that the Capriglio and Pianestolla villages were affected by minor displacements (at an order of magnitude of a few millimeters per month). The second acquisition mode allowed to acquire data every 28 seconds, reaching very high temporal resolution values by applying the GB-InSAR technique.
Antimutagenic Activity of Ethanol Extract of Rhaphidophora pinnata (L.f) Schott Leaves on Mice
Authors: Masfria  , Sumaiyah  , Dalimunthe Aminah
Published: February 2017

Rhaphidophora pinnata is suggested to prevent or treat cancer of genetic mutations. In this study, antimutagenic activity of an ethanol extract of Rhaphidophora pinnata leaves was evaluated by using a bone marrow micronucleus assay on mice. Male mice (20–30 g) were treated for sevendays with an ethanol extract of Rhaphidophora pinnata leaves at a dose of 500, 750 and 1000 mg/kg/day/orally, prior to exposure to cyclophosphamide (i.p. 30 mg/kg), 24 h after the end of the treatment. Antimutagenic activity was determined by the decrease of micronuclei (MN). The results showed that a single administration of all variant doses of the extract had significantly decreased the micronucleus formation in bone marrow cell of mice as compared to the cyclophosphamide group. The ethanol extract of Rhaphidophora pinnata leaves had antimutagenic activity against cyclophosphamide-induced gene mutation.
Solid Waste Management in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam: Moving towards a Circular Economy?
Authors: Schneider Petra , Anh Le , Wagner Jörg , Reichenbach Jan , Hebner Anja
Published: February 2017

The paper presents the current situation of the waste management system of the megacity Ho Chi Minh in Vietnam, and the options for waste and land recycling in a low income country. Generally, there is a large potential for circular economy in the city as the main proportion of the waste flows are recyclables. Due to the missing selective collection system, this potential is not used in the full extend yet, even if the collection of the entire waste volumes is envisaged in the National Waste Management Strategy by 2025. The waste stocks are the landfill locations in the region of Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), two of them being in operation and two of them already being closed. A special focus is given to the landfill Gò Cát, which was subject to an option analysis in terms of waste and land recycling options. The results indicate that there are several reuse options: the use of the landfill material in a waste-to-energy process after landfill mining, the reuse of the re-gained land in case of landfill mining, the reuse of the capped landfill for energy crop cultivation, and the gasification in a biogas plant in case of a remaining landfill.
Tapping the Potential of Neglected and Underutilized Food Crops for Sustainable Nutrition Security in the Mountains of Pakistan and Nepal
Authors: Adhikari Lipy , Hussain Abid , Rasul Golam
Published: February 2017

Neglected and underutilized food crops (NUFCs) have high nutritional value, but their role in achieving nutrition security is not adequately understood, and they do not feature in food and nutrition policies and programs of the countries of the Hindu-Kush Himalayan (HKH) region. Drawing examples from Pakistan and Nepal, this study investigates the importance of NUFCs in achieving nutrition security in the mountains and identifies key underlying reasons for the decline in their cultivation and use. The study found that the prevalence of malnutrition is significantly higher in the mountains than nationally in both Pakistan and Nepal and identifies the decline in the cultivation and use of micronutrient-rich NUFCs as one of the key reasons for this. The deterioration of local food systems, changing food habits, lack of knowledge about the cultivation, use and nutritional value of NUFCs and lack of attention to NUFCs in programs and policies are the key reasons for the abandoning of NUFCs by mountain communities. There is an urgent need to mainstream these crops into national programs and policies and to integrate them into local food systems. This will not only improve the nutrition security of mountain areas, but also biodiversity and local mountain economies.
Ecological Land Fragmentation Evaluation and Dynamic Change of a Typical Black Soil Farming Area in Northeast China
Authors: Liu Shuhan , Wang Dongyan , Li Hong , Li Wenbo , Wang Qing
Published: February 2017

Ecological land is a land use category provided with considerable ecological value and a vital indicator reflecting regional eco-environmental quality. However, it has experienced severe fragmentation during the rapid urbanization in China which strongly threatened the regional ecological security, land use pattern and human living environment. Therefore, analysis of spatiotemporal change of ecological land use and ecological landscape pattern is particularly essential. In this paper, a case study was made in Nong’an County, which is a typical black soil farming area located in northeast China facing severe conflicts among cultivated land protection, urban expansion and ecological security. A landscape fragmentation evaluation model was proposed to measure the degree of regional ecological land fragmentation. We also determined the land use change features through the methods of dynamic change information exploration and by performing transfer trajectory analysis during the period from 1996 to 2014. The results showed that the ecological land in Nong’an County has experienced increasing fragmentation during the past 18 years. The statistical results showed that the land transition between ecological land and other land categories was quite frequent, and it especially appeared as a dramatic decline of grassland and severe increase of saline-alkali land. In addition, human interferences especially construction activities and cultivated land occupation were still the dominant factors to the fragmentation of ecological land and the frequent transition among the land use categories. The fragmentation degree showed a downward tendency at the end of the study, which indicated noticeable benefits of land use regulation and land protection policies directed towards land ecological value. This study aims to provide a scientific evaluation model for measuring ecological land fragmentation degree, and figure out the regional land use transition relationships to offer suggestions for decision-making and provide a practical case in a typical region.
Emission Control in River Network System of the Taihu Basin for Water Quality Assurance of Water Environmentally Sensitive Areas
Authors: Wang Xiao , Pang Yong , Wang Hua , Shen Chunqi , Wang Xue
Published: February 2017

As pollution incidents frequently occurred in the functional water areas of the Taihu Basin, Yangtze Delta, effective emission control to guarantee water quality in the Taihu Basin became the priority for environmental management. In this study, a new total emission control (TEC) method was proposed with an emphasis on the concept of water environmentally sensitive areas (WESAs). This method was verified in Wujiang District and the techniques can be concluded in three steps: (1) a 1-D mathematical model for the study area was established and the model was calibrated using field measurement data; (2) based on an analysis of administrative planning and regulations, WESAs were identified as the main controlling objectives for emission control calculations. The weighting coefficient of local pollution sources was investigated to discuss the effectiveness of TEC on water quality improvement at WESAs; and (3) applying the river network mathematical model, water quality along the river segments was simulated under different pollution control plans. The results proved the effectiveness of TEC in the study area and indicated that a 14.6% reduction in the total amount of ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N), as well as a 31.1% reduction in the total amount of chemical oxygen demand (CODcr), was essential in order to meet the water quality standard in the WESAs.
A Symmetry Particle Method towards Implicit Non‐Newtonian Fluids
Authors: Zhang Yalan , Ban Xiaojuan , Wang Xiaokun , Liu Xing
Published: February 2017

In this paper, a symmetry particle method, the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method, is extended to deal with non‐Newtonian fluids. First, the viscous liquid is modeled by a non‐Newtonian fluid flow and the variable viscosity under shear stress is determined by the Carreau‐Yasuda model. Then a pressure correction method is proposed, by correcting density error with individual stiffness parameters for each particle, to ensure the incompressibility of fluid. Finally, an implicit method is used to improve efficiency and stability. It is found that the nonNewtonian behavior can be well displayed in all cases, and the proposed SPH algorithm is stable and efficient.
Human scFvs That Counteract Bioactivities of Staphylococcus aureus TSST-1
Authors: Rukkawattanakul Thunchanok , Sookrung Nitat , Seesuay Watee , Onlamoon Nattawat , Diraphat Pornphan , Chaicumpa Wanpen , Indrawattana Nitaya
Published: February 2017

Some Staphylococcus aureus isolates produced toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) which is a pyrogenic toxin superantigen (PTSAg). The toxin activates a large fraction of peripheral blood T lymphocytes causing the cells to proliferate and release massive amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines leading to a life-threatening multisystem disorder: toxic shock syndrome (TSS). PTSAg-mediated-T cell stimulation circumvents the conventional antigenic peptide presentation to T cell receptor (TCR) by the antigen-presenting cell (APC). Instead, intact PTSAg binds directly to MHC-II molecule outside peptide binding cleft and simultaneously cross-links TCR-Vβ region. Currently, there is neither specific TSS treatment nor drug that directly inactivates TSST-1. In this study, human single chain antibodies (HuscFvs) that bound to and neutralized bioactivities of the TSST-1 were generated using phage display technology. Three E. coli clones transfected with TSST-1-bound phages fished-out from the human scFv library using recombinant TSST-1 as bait expressed TSST-1-bound-HuscFvs that inhibited the TSST-1-mediated T cell activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expressions and productions.Computerized simulation, verified by mutations of the residues of HuscFv complementarity determining regions (CDRs),predicted to involve in target binding indicated that the HuscFvs formed interface contact with the toxin residues important for immunopathogenesis. The HuscFvs have high potential for future therapeutic application.
Bell Violation in Primordial Cosmology
Authors: Choudhury Sayantan , Panda Sudhakar , Singh Rajeev
Published: February 2017

In this paper, we have worked on the possibility of setting up an Bell’s inequality violating experiment in the context of primordial cosmology following the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics. To set up this proposal, we have introduced a model-independent theoretical framework using which we have studied the creation of new massive particles for the scalar fluctuations in the presence of an additional time-dependent mass parameter. Next we explicitly computed the one-point and two-point correlation functions from this setup. Then, we comment on the measurement techniques of isospin breaking interactions of newly introduced massive particles and its further prospects. After that, we give an example of the string theory-originated axion monodromy model in this context. Finally, we provide a bound on the heavy particle mass parameter for any arbitrary spin field.
SPH Simulations of Solute Transport in Flows with Steep Velocity and Concentration Gradients
Authors: Chang Yu-Sheng , Chang Tsang-Jung
Published: February 2017

In this study, a meshless particle method, smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH), is adopted to solve the shallow water equations (SWEs) and the advection diffusion equations (ADEs) for simulating solute transport processes under 1D/2D conditions with steep gradients. A new SPH-SWEs-ADEs model is herein developed to focus on the numerical performance of solute transport in flows with steep velocity and concentration gradients, since the traditional mesh-based methods have numerical difficulties on solving such steep velocity/concentration gradient flows. The present model is validated by six benchmark study cases, including three steep concentration gradient cases and three coupled steep concentration/velocity gradient cases. The comparison between the simulated results and the exact solutions for the former three cases shows that complete mass concentration conservation in pure advection-dominated flows is preserved. The numerical oscillation in concentration and the negative concentration resulted from the discretization of the advection term of ADEs can be totally avoided. The other three cases confirm that this model can also well capture coupled steep gradients of velocities and concentrations. It is demonstrated that the presented solver is an effective and reliable tool to investigate solute transports in complex flows incorporating steep velocity gradients.
Réforme des retraites en France : évaluation de la mise en place d’un système par comptes notionnels
Authors: Chojnicki Xavier , Magnani Riccardo
Published: February 2017

Les conséquences de l’introduction entre 2015 et 2030 d’un système par comptes notionnels se substituant à terme aux régimes de retraite français de base et complémentaires sont simulées par un modèle d’équilibre général à générations imbriquées intégrant les effets de bouclage macroéconomique. L’introduction de ce système induirait une réduction des besoins de financement d’environ 0,8 point de PIB à l’horizon 2030. Il réagirait mieux que le système actuel à une augmentation de l’espérance de vie ou à un ralentissement de la productivité et de façon similaire à une baisse de la fécondité ou à une hausse du taux de chômage. A contrario, une hausse des cotisations y aurait un effet négatif sur les besoins de financement du fait d’un accroissement de la valeur des pensions.
La propriété immobilière est-elle un obstacle pour sortir du chômage ?
Authors: Brunet Carole , Havet Nathalie , Lesueur Jean-Yves
Published: February 2017

Does Homeownership Hinder Exits from Unemployment ?

This study uses microeconomic data to test “ Oswald’s hypothesis”, which postulates a link between rising homeownership rates and longer unemployment spells. We contribute to the existing literature by contrasting econometric results for France and the United States, whose labour and housing markets function and interact in very different ways. Using unemployment-spell samples from the French part of the European Community Household Panel and the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, both covering 1994-2001, we estimate mixed proportional hazard models incorporating simultaneous behaviours in the housing and labour markets. Ourmain results indicate that homeownership is not significantly related to longer unemployment spells in the United States, while French homeowners exhibit faster re-employment rates than renters.
Treatment of Spinocerebellar Ataxia with Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Phase I/IIa Clinical Study
Authors: Tsai Yun-An , Liu Ren-Shyan , Lirng Jiing-Feng , Yang Bang-Hung , Chang Chin-Hao , Wang Yi-Chen , Wu Yu-Shan , Ho Jennifer Hui-Chun , Lee Oscar K. , Soong Bing-Wen
Published: February 2017

Ataxia is one of the most devastating symptoms of many neurodegenerative disorders. As of today, there is not any effective treatment to retard its progression. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown promise in treating neurodegenerative diseases. We hereby report the results of a phase I/IIa clinical study conducted in Taiwan to primarily evaluate the safety, tolerability, and, secondarily, the possible efficacy of intravenous administration of allogeneic adipose tissue-derived MSCs from healthy donors. Six patients with spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 and one with multiple system atrophy-cerebellar type were included in this open-label study with intravenous administration of 106cells/kg body weight. The subjects were closely monitored for 1 year for safety (vital signs, complete blood counts, serum biochemical profiles, and urinalysis) and possible efficacy (scale for assessment and rating of ataxia and sensory organization testing scores, metabolite ratios on the brain magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and brain glucose metabolism of 18-fluorodeoxyglucose using positron emission tomography). No adverse events related to the injection of MSCs during the 1-year follow-up were observed. The intravenous administration of allogeneic MSCs seemed well tolerated. Upon study completion, all patients wished to continue treatment with the allogeneic MSCs. We conclude that allogeneic MSCs given by intravenous injection seems to be safe and tolerable in patients with spinocerebellar ataxia type 3, thus supporting advancement of the clinical development of allogeneic MSCs for the treatment of spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II trials.
The longstanding challenge of the nanocrystallization of 1,3,5-trinitroperhydro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX)
Authors: Pessina Florent , Spitzer Denis
Published: February 2017

Research efforts for realizing safer and higher performance energetic materials are continuing unabated all over the globe. While the thermites – pyrotechnic compositions of an oxide and a metal – have been finely tailored thanks to progress in other sectors, organic high explosives are still stagnating. The most symptomatic example is the longstanding challenge of the nanocrystallization of 1,3,5-trinitroperhydro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX). Recent advances in crystallization processes and milling technology mark the beginning of a new area which will hopefully lead the pyroelectric industry to finally embrace nanotechnology. This work reviews the previous and current techniques used to crystallize RDX at a submicrometer scale or smaller. Several key points are highlighted then discussed, such as the smallest particle size and its morphology, and the scale-up capacity and the versatility of the process.
A Principal Component Analysis of the Diffuse Interstellar Bands
Authors: Ensor T. , Cami J. , Bhatt N. H. , Soddu A.
Published: February 2017

We present a principal component (PC) analysis of 23 line-of-sight parameters (including the strengths of 16 diffuse interstellar bands, DIBs) for a well-chosen sample of single-cloud sightlines representing a broad range of environmental conditions. Our analysis indicates that the majority (∼93%) of the variations in the measurements can be captured by only four parameters The main driver (i.e., the first PC) is the amount of DIB-producing material in the line of sight, a quantity that is extremely well traced by the equivalent width of the λ5797 DIB. The second PC is the amount of UV radiation, which correlates well with the λ5797/λ5780 DIB strength ratio. The remaining two PCs are more difficult to interpret, but are likely related to the properties of dust in the line of sight (e.g., the gas-to-dust ratio). With our PCA results, the DIBs can then be used to estimate these line-of-sight parameters.
Formation and Assembly History of Stellar Components in Galaxies as a Function of Stellar and Halo Mass
Authors: Lee Jaehyun , Yi Sukyoung K.
Published: February 2017

Galaxy mass assembly is an end product of structure formation in the ΛCDM cosmology. As an extension of Lee & Yi, we investigate the assembly history of stellar components in galaxies as a function of halo environments and stellar mass using semi-analytic approaches. In our fiducial model, halo mass intrinsically determines the formation and assembly of the stellar mass. Overall, the ex situ fraction slowly increases in central galaxies with increasing halo mass but sharply increases for

. A similar trend is also found in satellite galaxies, which implies that mergers are essential to build stellar masses above

. We also examine the time evolution of the contribution of mass growth channels. Mergers become the primary channel in the mass growth of central galaxies when their host halo mass begins to exceed

. However, satellite galaxies seldom reach the merger-dominant phase despite their reduced star-formation activities due to environmental effects.
Molecular Gas Kinematics and Star Formation Properties of the Strongly-lensed Quasar Host Galaxy RXS J1131–1231
Authors: Leung T. K. Daisy , Riechers Dominik A. , Pavesi Riccardo
Published: February 2017

We report observations of CO(J = 2 → 1) and

line emission toward the quadruply-lensed quasar RXS J1131−1231 at z = 0.654 obtained using the Plateau de Bure Interferometer (PdBI) and the Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy (CARMA). Our lens modeling shows that the asymmetry in the double-horned CO(J = 2 → 1) line profile is mainly a result of differential lensing, where the magnification factor varies from ∼3 to ∼9 across different kinematic components. The intrinsically symmetric line profile and a smooth source-plane velocity gradient suggest that the host galaxy is an extended rotating disk, with a CO size of

kpc and a dynamical mass of

M
⊙. We also find a secondary CO-emitting source near RXS J1131−1231, the location of which is consistent with the optically-faint companion reported in previous studies. The lensing-corrected molecular gas masses are M
gas = (1.4 ± 0.3) × 1010
M
⊙ and (2.0 ± 0.1) × 109
M
⊙ for RXS J1131−1231 and the companion, respectively. We find a lensing-corrected stellar mass of M
* = (3 ± 1) × 1010
M
⊙ and a star formation rate of SFRFIR = (120 ± 63) M
⊙ yr−1, corresponding to a specific SFR and star formation efficiency comparable to z ∼ 1 disk galaxies not hosting quasars. The implied gas mass fraction of ∼18 ± 4% is consistent with the previously observed cosmic decline since z ∼ 2. We thus find no evidence for quenching of star formation in RXS J1131−1231. This agrees with our finding of an elevated

ratio of >0.27

% compared to the local value, suggesting that the bulk of its black hole mass is largely in place while its stellar bulge is still assembling.
Shock–Cloud Interaction in the Solar Corona
Authors: Takahashi Takuya
Published: February 2017

Flare-associated coronal shock waves sometimes interact with solar prominences, leading to large-amplitude prominence oscillations (LAPOs). Such prominence activation gives us a unique opportunity to track the time evolution of shock–cloud interaction in cosmic plasmas. Although the dynamics of interstellar shock–cloud interaction has been  extensively studied, coronal shock–solar prominence interaction is rarely studied in the context of shock–cloud interaction. Associated with the X5.4 class solar flare that occurred on 2012 March 7, a globally propagated coronal shock wave interacted with a polar prominence, leading to LAPO. In this paper, we studied bulk acceleration and excitation of the internal flow of the shocked prominence using three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations. We studied eight MHD simulation runs, each with different mass density structure of the prominence, and one hydrodynamic simulation run, and we compared the result. In order to compare the observed motion of activated prominence with the corresponding simulation, we also studied prominence activation by injection of a triangular-shaped coronal shock. We found that the prominence is first accelerated mainly by magnetic tension force as well as direct transmission of the shock, and later decelerated mainly by magnetic tension force. The internal flow, on the other hand, is excited during the shock front sweeps through the prominence and damps almost exponentially. We construct a phenomenological model of bulk momentum transfer from the shock to the prominence, which agreed quantitatively with all the simulation results. Based on the phenomenological prominence activation model, we diagnosed physical parameters of the coronal shock wave. The estimated energy of the coronal shock is several percent of the total energy released during the X5.4 flare.
13CO/C18O Gradients across the Disks of Nearby Spiral Galaxies
Authors: Jiménez-Donaire María J. , Cormier Diane , Bigiel Frank , Leroy Adam K. , Gallagher Molly , Krumholz Mark R. , Usero Antonio , Hughes Annie , Kramer Carsten , Meier David , Murphy Eric , Pety Jérôme , Schinnerer Eva , Schruba Andreas , Schuster Karl , Sliwa Kazimierz , Tomicic Neven
Published: February 2017

We use the IRAM Large Program EMPIRE and new high-resolution ALMA data to measure 13CO(1-0)/C18O(1-0) intensity ratios across nine nearby spiral galaxies. These isotopologues of 12CO are typically optically thin across most of the area in galaxy disks, and this ratio allows us to gauge their relative abundance due to chemistry or stellar nucleosynthesis effects. Resolved 13CO/C18O gradients across normal galaxies have been rare due to the faintness of these lines. We find a mean 13CO/C18O ratio of 6.0 ± 0.9 for the central regions of our galaxies. This agrees well with results in the Milky Way, but differs from results for starburst galaxies (3.4 ± 0.9) and ultraluminous infrared galaxies (1.1 ± 0.4). In our sample, the 13CO/C18O ratio consistently increases with increasing galactocentric radius and decreases with increasing star formation rate surface density. These trends could be explained if the isotopic abundances are altered by fractionation; the sense of the trends also agrees with those expected for carbon and oxygen isotopic abundance variations due to selective enrichment by massive stars.
A Common Origin of Magnetism from Planets to White Dwarfs
Authors: Isern Jordi , García-Berro Enrique , Külebi Baybars , Lorén-Aguilar Pablo
Published: February 2017

Isolated magnetic white dwarfs have field strengths ranging from kilogauss to gigagauss. However, the origin of the magnetic field has not been hitherto elucidated. Whether these fields are fossil, hence the remnants of original weak magnetic fields amplified during the course of the evolution of their progenitor stars, or are the result of binary interactions, or, finally, they are produced by other internal physical mechanisms during the cooling of the white dwarf itself, remains a mystery. At sufficiently low temperatures, white dwarfs crystallize. Upon solidification, phase separation of its main constituents, 12C and 16O, and of the impurities left by previous evolution occurs. This process leads to the formation of a Rayleigh–Taylor unstable liquid mantle on top of a solid core. This convective region, as it occurs in solar system planets like the Earth and Jupiter, can produce a dynamo able to yield magnetic fields of strengths of up to 0.1 MG, thus providing a mechanism that could explain magnetism in single white dwarfs.
The study of customer relationship management in Thai airline industry: A case of Thai travelers in Thailand
Authors: Law Colin
Published: February 2017

Purpose: This paper offer marketing strategy suggestion to the airlines operating within the Thai aviation market. It identifies the recommended motivational factors that influence the airline customers’ decision to their airline choices. Airlines use different customer relationship management programs to attract returning customers.  This paper suggested the most attractive motivation factors for Thailand's air travel market.Design/methodology/approach: This research paper is an attempt to study and identify the factors, including loyalty program, distribution channel, customer services, promotions and other influence causes that affected the customer preference in the airline ticket purchasing behavior in Thailand.A questionnaire survey was conducted with the sample identified through unrestricted non probability sampling technique at four major airports in Thailand. The data collected are analyzed to identify the favorable drivers that lead to customer decision on airline choice.Findings: The result from the study has demonstrated that price, and promotion has a significant impact on customer preference and positively leads to repurchase intention for their future travel. Moreover, flight schedules are also a main factor influencing the travelers’ final decision on airline choice. However, when the promotional strategies and schedule are comparable between airlines, customers are attracted by the airline amenities and services. Loyalty program (frequent-flier program flier program) is showing a less attractive motivator while distribution channel demonstrates the least important affecting the travelers’ choice of airline.Originality/value: The paper begins with an overview of previous research in the area of airlines customer relationship management and then moves on to what is currently being implemented by the airlines. The authors then propose several customer relationship strategies and identify the most attractive one that motivates the Thai consumers.
Thermo-Insulating Panels Based on Composite Structures from Vegetal Fibres and Polymeric Matrix
Authors: Ionescu Ştefania Miţa , Nechita Petronela
Published: February 2017

The study presents the experimental results on the use of composite structures based on vegetal fibres and polymeric matrix for obtaining thermoisolant panels for buildings. The use of the natural materials brings important contributions to human health but also to air protection.
As vegetable fibers, hashed hemp, paper offals and recycled cellulose fiber were used in combination with formaldehyde resins and consolidation agent. The obtained samples were pressed at 50 bar and dried at environmental temperature. The testing of the samples was made for determining the coefficient of thermal conductivity, the base characteristic of the thermoisolant materials, and the thermal resistance. The obtained results led to the conclusion that these materials can be used as the filling material structure of the thermoisolant panels.
Virtual Interactive Prototyping Based on Function-Behavior-Structure (FBS) Approach
Authors: Potecaşu Octavian , Bucur Alexandra , Marin Florin Bogdan
Published: February 2017

The topic of this paper focuses on the virtual interactive prototyping and augmented reality prototyping. The prototyping of the manufacturing systems is of utmost importance. The prototyping phase is also important for maintenance for manufacturing systems. The paper propose a new approach taking into account several key ideas concerning the manufacturing machine components. The overall objectives of this paper are to propose new models and techniques for virtual prototyping and augmented reality.
Damping Properties of Magnetorheological Elastomers
Authors: Chirila Petrica Eduard , Chirica Ionel , Beznea Elena Felicia
Published: February 2017

Magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) are a kind of smart materials, which change the mechanical properties (viscoelastic characteristics) under the magnetic field action. In the paper the determination of damping properties (reactive force) of specimens made out of magnetorheological elastomers is presented. The specimens made out of MREs have been fabricated as a composite with matrix made out of silicone rubber with certain contents of magnetisable particles (carbonyl iron powder). The cylindrical specimens have been tested in compression loading, controlled by an electro-mechanic system. The MRE characteristics of the specimens have been determined in the presence of a magnetic field produced with an electromagnet (coil device). The reactive force occurring in the MRE specimen has been determined on the basis of the measured data during loading. The variation curves of the reactive force versus magnetic field induction are drawn. As a conclusion, the rigidity of the MRE specimen is increasing since the magnitude of the magnetic field induction is increasing.
Design of Microalloyed Steel for Wind Turbine Towers and Influence of Chemical Composition on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties
Authors: Gurau Liviu , Gurau Carmela , Gurau Gheorghe
Published: February 2017

The contribution of this paper is to provide the effect of chemical composition on both cost and mechanical properties for steel used to wind turbine tower. Each chemical element has been chosen to contribute to the desired final properties. After establishing the chemical composition has been set up metallurgical route. To determine the influence of chemical composition and thermomechanical treatments a series of experimental tests were conducted to evaluate the structure and mechanical properties. A detail analysis involving macroscopic feature and microstructure analysis of the microalloyed steel was also performed by optical microscopy (OM).The mechanical properties were evaluated by tensile test and Charpy V-Notch test. The experimental tests and analysis results show that there are significant improved in the material properties of thick steel plates when comparing it with the Standard, EN10025/3-2004.
Effect of Secondary Vacuum Treatment on Performance Characteristics of A516 Grade 65 Carbon Steel
Authors: Ciocan Anisoara , Tudor Beatrice
Published: February 2017

The purpose of this research is to analyze the making technology of clean steel used in the oil, gas and petrochemical industry. The steel was obtained into conventional electric arc furnace. To enhance the steel quality a secondary refining treatment was applied. The purity characteristics of the steel A516 Grade 65, before and after the treatment in the vacuum arc degassing equipment are discussed and compared. The deoxidation, desulphurisation in the presence of basic slag and degassing by injecting an inert gas and also by vacuum exposure are effective in reducing non-metallic inclusions and for chemical composition control. Data from 31 melts obtained in two industrial conditions are presented according to steel making parameters. The variation of chemical composition, especially of content of S, P, and the cleanliness of the steel in terms of content of non-metallic inclusions are analyzed.
Optimization of Chemical Composition for Pressure Vessel Steel Grade P460NL2 - Industrial Trial Research
Authors: Durduc-Roibu Costel , Drugescu Elena
Published: February 2017

The research examines the improvements of mechanical properties of yield strength and toughness for an optimized chemical composition B2 used in industrial trial in comparison with usual chemical composition A1 used for pressure steel grade with higher strength and toughness. For both chemical compositions we rolled three plates with thickness 8, 10 and 12 mm. Rolling mode was a control rolling followed by normalizing heat treatment. Samples from each plate from opposites corner in as rolled and normalized state was taken and tested: spectral analysis, mechanical properties: tension tests, Charpy-V notch impact test. Differences between A1 and B2 chemical compositions are given by the micro alloing elements used and the overall results showed increasing YS and toughness values in the range of euronorm requirements.
Modular Multi-Process Welding System Used for HSLA Materials Joining
Authors: Rusu Carmen  Catalina , Mistodie Luigi Renato , Scutelnicu Elena
Published: February 2017

The development of welding technologies and techniques used for advanced materials joining should be closely linked with the design and development of equipment and also with the expectations of end-users involved in the cutting-edge manufacturing engineering. In order to reach this objective, the researchers, developers and producers should work together for designing new welding processes, technologies and equipment that meet the requirements of productivity and cost-effective manufacturing processes. Combining the multiple-arc & multi-process welding solutions, the system presented in this paper was designed to perform longitudinal butt and fillet welds of high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steels plates of medium and large thickness, frequently encountered in shipbuilding, oil and gas onshore and offshore industries. The welding system can be easily used for achieving long seams specific to complex ship blocks or sections, pipelines sections, beams, girders and stringers for railway wagons. Based on the modularity concept, the architecture of this innovative welding system was designed as a structure of multiple interchangeable slides, used for positioning and assembling the welding heads typical for gas metal arc welding, submerged arc welding and Laser welding processes. Due to its versatility, adaptability and functionality, the system allows end-users to select the suitable combination of welding processes, in order to obtain butt and fillet HSLA steels welded joints. By controlling and monitoring the process parameters in real time, significant advantages such as weld geometry, high deposition rate and high penetration and, consequently, improved productivity, controlled cooling rate and, hence, reduced stress and strain are achieved. Due to its modularity and versatility, the system can be successfully used in different industrial applications, in several combinations of GMAW, SAW and LASER-hybrid welding processes, for joining of similar and dissimilar materials.
Variables determinantes en la disposición al pago por contenidos informativos en Internet: perspectiva de los profesionales
Authors: Marta-Lazo Carmen , Segura-Anaya Ana , Martínez Oliván Natalia
Published: February 2017

Este artículo analiza el modelo de negocio que permitirá la supervivencia sostenible de proyectos informativos a través del pago por contenidos. Con el objetivo de conocer las posibles variables que influirán en la predisposición al pago por parte de los consumidores, se entrevista a profesionales relevantes del sector de la comunicación, el marketing digital y la empresa periodística. Metodología: entrevistas en profundidad a expertos y análisis bibliográfico de fuentes relacionadas con el pago por contenidos informativos, provenientes tanto de literatura científica, como de informes de organismos destacados en el sector. Resultados. Se constata que el pago por contenidos es una realidad difícil de asumir, pero se propone un posible modelo basado en variables que determinan la disposición al pago por información. Discusión y conclusiones: El modelo de pago por contenidos informativos en Internet está vinculado al valor añadido fundamentado en la calidad en cuatro variables: especialización, diferenciación, exclusividad y accesibilidad.
Recreation Off-Road Vehicle Product Identification Numbering System
Authors:   Automotive Resource Institute
Published: February 2017

This document specifies the format, content and parameters for a product identification numbering system for off-road recreation vehicles, based on the PIN structure for earth-moving machinery in ISO 10261:2002E and is not applicable to the identification of components or attachments. This standard applies only to the off-road recreation vehicle industry and does not impose parameters for the marine, lawn and garden, silviculture, husbandry, construction or earth moving sectors.
Specification for O-Ring Face Seal Connectors: Part 3 - Requirements, Dimensions, and Tests for Steel Unions, Bulkheads, Swivels, Braze Sleeves, Caps, and Connectors with SAE J1926-2 Inch Stud Ends
Authors:   Hydraulic Tube Fittings Committee
Published: February 2017

The three parts of SAE J1453 cover material, dimensional, and performance requirements of steel O-ring face seal (ORFS) connectors for tubing and the O-ring face seal interface and nut portion of hose stem assemblies for nominal tube diameters of 6 mm through 50 mm. SAE J1453-3 covers the requirements for O-ring face seal connectors to inch stud ends along with the associated adapters, bulkhead and union connectors. Inch hex dimensions of parts will be moved from the main document to an informative annex after 2013.
Recommended Practice for Bar-Coded Vehicle Identification Number Label
Authors:   VIN - WMI Technical Committee
Published: February 2017

This SAE Recommended Practice describes the basic content requirements, bar code specifications, and functional test specifications of the vehicle identification number (VIN) label. On the vehicle, the VIN label is to be mounted in a readily accessible location for use of a bar-code scanning device.
Connections for Fluid Power and High Pressure Use - Ports, Stud Ends, and Plugs with ISO 261 Threads and O-Ring Sealing - Part 3: Port Plug Requirements, Dimensions, Design, and Test Methods
Authors:   Hydraulic Tube Fittings Committee
Published: February 2017

This part of SAE J2337 specifies dimensions, design, and performance requirements for eight plugs using a conical seal to insure leak proof performance with a design factor of 4 to 1.
LIN Network for Vehicle Applications Conformance Test
Authors:   Vehicle Architecture For Data Communications Standards
Published: February 2017

This document covers the tests to be performed on all SAE J2602-1 defined Master and Slave nodes. Tests described in this document will ensure a minimum standard level of performance to which all compatible Electronic Control Unit (ECUs) and media shall be designed. This will assure full serial data communication among all connected devices regardless of supplier.

The goal of SAE J2602-2 is to improve the interoperability and interchangeability of LIN devices within a network by verifying the devices pass a minimum set of tests.

To allow for easy cross-reference, this document is arranged such that the conformance test for a given section in SAE J2602-1 is in the same section in SAE J2602-2.

This document is to be referenced by the particular vehicle Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) component technical specification that describes any given ECU in which the LIN data link controller and physical layer interface is located. Primarily, the performance of the physical layer is specified in this document. ECU environmental and other requirements, when provided in the component technical specification, shall supersede the requirements of this document.

The intended audience includes, but is not limited to, ECU suppliers, LIN controller suppliers, LIN transceiver suppliers, component release engineers and vehicle system engineers.