bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Racial/Ethnic Differences in Bone Mineral Density of Young Adults
Authors: Wilkin Linda , Sims Tristan , Jackson Matthew , Haddock Bryan
Published: September 2024

An estimated 1.5 million people suffer a bone disease-related fracture every year. Most work investigating bone mineral density (BMD) focuses on post-menopausal females but a report from the Surgeon General in 2004 stated that of particular concern are men, racial and ethnic minorities, poor individuals, individuals with disabilities, and individuals living in rural areas. The purpose of this study was to examine the racial/ethnic differences in bone mineral density of young adults and to investigate any correlations with variables suggested to influence BMD. BMD was assessed at a younger age than most studies based on the assumption that osteoporosis is a pediatric disorder that manifests in old age. Whole-body BMD, percent body fat (BF), fat mass (FM), and lean mass (LM) of 103 college-aged Blacks, Whites, and Hispanics (18 – 34 years of age) were measured using a Lunar Prodigy Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA). Blacks and Whites were taller than Hispanics. Blacks had higher BMD than Whites and Hispanics. Blacks and Whites had higher t-scores than Hispanics. Weight and LM correlated with BMD for all three groups. Height correlated with BMD for Blacks only. FM correlated with BMD for Hispanics only. In conclusion, BMD is suggested to be higher in Blacks than Whites and Hispanics. LM is suggested to be an important component of bone health. It is important to stress resistance training for building and maintaining bone health throughout life.
Editorial
Authors: De León Beltrán Isaac
Published: September 2024

The Visible Control magazine has the purpose of strengthening the analytical capacity of the community of officials, academics and citizens interested in fiscal control. Fiscal control has the constitutional function of safeguarding public assets and to this end it is important to increase knowledge of the management problems that prevent State resources from becoming the effective enjoyment of fundamental rights.
La legalidad y la representación del otro. La influencia de las normas sociales en el respeto de las leyes
Authors: Murrain Henrry
Published: September 2024

This article proposes an alternative approach to the traditional Latin American analysis of the phenomena of illegality and non-respect of norms. The author analyzes the following paradox: the admiration of legal rules does not guarantee their obedience. The essential aspect of obedience to laws is not to be found in the rules themselves, but in “the representation of the other”. In other words, to understand non-respect, it is necessary to focus attention on the social norms that govern behavior among individuals, rather than on the perception that individuals have of the rules. This article develops the concept of “representation of the other” as a key element to understand the rules of law and their violation.
Pertinencia de la implementación de un Sistema de Control Interno y Administración de Riesgos en las Entidades Públicas. Estudio de Caso del Proyecto de Remodelación de la Refinería de Cartagena (Reficar)
Authors: Castellanos H. Deisy
Published: September 2024

Internal Control, both nationally and internationally, has evolved and gained greater significance over the years. It has become a vital tool for achieving business objectives, ensuring the proper use of financial resources, and managing various types of risks. This document aims to highlight the importance of adequately implementing an Internal Control and Risk Management System within companies that manage state-owned assets or resources, using the Cartagena Refinery remodeling project as a case study. This project encountered various financial, operational, and technical shortcomings in its planning and execution phases, which ultimately led to the strengthening of the Internal Control System within the entity.
Legitimación para exigir la reparación del daño causado por delitos contra la administración pública en el ordenamiento jurídico colombiano
Authors: Mojica Margie Estephany , Mendoza Juan Francisco
Published: September 2024

Corruption is a phenomenon that seriously affects individuals and society in general, as it distorts the market, undermines the legitimacy of institutions, and negatively impacts human rights and societal development, among other adverse effects.
However, although its impact on the community is a certain fact, the extent of the damage suffered by it is not always clear, nor is the determination of who is entitled to demand its reparation before the competent administrative and/or judicial authorities.
Regarding the reparation of damages caused by acts of corruption, the Colombian legal system seems to exhibit a "monopolization" by the State and its institutions, which either overlooks or relegates the participation of individuals. However, in the field of criminal law, this appearance is contradicted by the recognition that the legislature has given to the victims of crime.
In this context, this article aims to contribute to the determination of who is entitled in the Colombian legal system to demand reparation for damages caused by acts of corruption associated with the commission of crimes against public administration.
To this end, this article determines (i) the nature of the legal good protected in crimes against public administration, (ii) the scope of the right to reparation in relation to such crimes, and (iii) the subjects entitled to intervene in the criminal process based on elements (i) and (ii) within the framework of the Colombian legal system.
Faces of Evil: A Philosophical Inquiry into the Igbo-African Understanding
Authors: Nnaemeka Onwuatuegwu Ignatius
Published: September 2024

The concept of evil is a complex and multifaceted idea that has been debated and studied by philosophers, theologians, and anthropologists for centuries. In the Igbo-African worldview, evil is understood through a tripartite framework consisting of the metaphysical, ethical, and moral dimensions. This paper provides a philosophical examination of these three dimensions of evil in the Igbo-African worldview. The metaphysical dimension explores the origins and nature of evil as a force in the world. The ethical dimension examines the moral responsibility of individuals for their actions and the consequences that arise from those actions. Finally, the moral dimension explores the role of society and community in shaping our understanding of good and evil. Through a careful examination of these three dimensions, this paper offers a comprehensive philosophical perspective on evil in the Igbo-African worldview.
A Philosophical Approach to Intersectionality and Women’s Sexuality
Authors: Agatha Okpokwasili Dr. Ogochukwu
Published: September 2024

This article explores the intersectionality of women’s sexuality, acknowledging the multifaceted nature of their experiences and identities. Drawing upon the theoretical framework of intersectionality, which recognizes the interconnectedness of social identities such as gender, race, class, and sexuality, this study delves into the ways in which these intersecting factors shape women’s sexual lives. By examining the intricate interplay between various axes of oppression and privilege, a more comprehensive understanding of women’s diverse sexual experiences emerges. The article using the philosophical method of analysis which has to do with in-depth breaking down of concepts for easy understanding, begins by providing an introduction to intersectionality as a powerful analytical tool, highlighting its relevance in unraveling the complexities of women’s sexuality. It emphasizes that women’s sexual experiences cannot be examined in isolation but must be understood within the broader context of intersecting identities and social structures. By acknowledging and examining the intricate interplay between gender, race, class, sexuality, and ability, this article aims to foster a more inclusive and comprehensive understanding of women’s sexuality. It concludes by calling for further research, dialogue, and activism to dismantle intersecting systems of oppression and to create a more equitable and empowering environment for all women.
Comparative Analysis of Sacrifice: Igbo-African Traditional Notion and Christian Understanding in Relation to Notion, Forms, Intentions, and Implications
Authors: Nnaemeka Onwuatuegwu Ignatius , N. Osigwe Casimir
Published: September 2024

This article presents a comparative analysis of sacrifice, focusing on the Igbo-African traditional notion and the Christian understanding of sacrifice.The Igbo-African tradition views sacrifice as a means to establish and maintain a harmonious relationship with the divine. Sacrifice is seen as a reciprocal act, where offerings are made to deities or spirits in exchange for blessings and protection. In contrast, the Christian understanding of sacrifice centers around the sacrificial death of Jesus Christ, seen as an ultimate act of love and redemption. Jesus’ sacrifice is believed to reconcile humanity with God and provide salvation. While these traditions differ in their rituals and theological interpretations, they share a common goal of seeking a harmonious connection with the divine. This article explores the motivations, practices, and symbolic meanings associated with sacrifice in both traditions, aiming to deepen our understanding of the human quest for spiritual connection and the role of sacrifice in fulfilling this need.
Think about Art; Imagine with Mathematics: Transdisciplinary Research
Authors: Shorkend Dr. Daniel
Published: September 2024

In this essay, I argue that art and mathematics share some properties in common, and the simple polarity that the former is imaginative and the latter, logical, is not correct. Instead, such overlapping elements suggest that they reveal a certain transdisciplinary realm, if you will, and this is owing to the fact that they are not simply isolated cultural products, but rather part of natural processes themselves. In light of this, one’s attitude towards culture itself - that it to say, of individuals and society - ought to be produced and consumed with a sense of humility and awe, not to mention critique.
The Development of Critical Thinking Abilities in Vocational and Technical Education Secondary Schools in Anambra State
Authors: Aloysius O. Rev. Fr. Dr. Ezeanolue
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study was to investigate the development of critical thinking abilities in vocational and technical education secondary schools in Anambra State. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify the current state of critical thinking education in vocational and technical schools. One research question and one hypothesis in line with the research purpose guided this study. The research methods included surveys and interviews with teachers and students from selected schools in Anambra State. The population consists of 9,847 respondents, random sampling technique eas used to select 384 respondents. Instrument for data collection was questionnaire, the instrument was validated and reliability was tested ans retested. Data analysis revealed that the majority of vocational and technical education schools in Anambra State have a moderate level of critical thinking education. However, there are several challenges that hinder the full development of critical thinking abilities, such as lack of resources, inadequate training for teachers, and a curriculum that focuses more on practical skills rather than critical thinking. Based on these findings, recommendations are provided for improving critical thinking education in vocational and technical schools in Anambra State. These recommendations include incorporating critical thinking into the curriculum, providing training for teachers, and allocating more resources for critical thinking education. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the current state of critical thinking education in vocational and technical schools in Anambra State and offers suggestions for improving its development.
The Intersections of Sexual Orientation and Gender in Queer Literature
Authors: Adetunji Oluwapelumi Adelokun
Published: September 2024

The representation of homosexuality and the challenges faced by queer women in the works of Audre Lorde and Chinelo Okparanta is explored, with a specific focus on the gender aspect. These authors utilize queer literature, exemplified by Lorde’s Zami: A New Spelling of My Name and Okparanta’s Under the Udala Trees, to provide a platform for narrating the experiences of queer women. Through their works, they shed light on the intersecting issues of race, gender, and sexual orientation, offering insightful accounts of the oppression experienced by queer women in society. The paper primarily delves into Lorde’s experiences as a Black lesbian woman, emphasizing the importance of addressing multiple forms of discrimination in society. Similarly, Okparanta’s novel highlights the impact of gender and sexual orientation on the protagonist’s life in Nigeria, illustrating the challenging environment faced by women of color. The paper also examines how Lorde and Okparanta employ literary devices to capture the complexity of intersectional existence, while also critiquing the socio-cultural realities depicted in the narratives. The information presented in this paper underscores the significance of addressing the intersections of sexual orientation and gender to foster sensitivity and understanding among individuals.
AI som intelligens og kommunikation
Authors: Taekke Jesper
Published: August 2024

Artiklens forskningsspørgsmål er 1) hvordan kunstig intelligens (AI) kan konceptualiseres, 2) deltage i samfundsmæssig kommunikation, samt 3) herigennem påvirke samfundets udviklingsmuligheder. Afsluttende vil artiklen 4) ud fra et normativt perspektiv diskutere hvordan AI vil kunne ibrugtages indenfor uddannelse. Ad 1 artiklen udfordrer den konventionelle forståelse af AI som en form for intelligens parallel med den menneskelige og argumenterer i stedet for, at AI er en beregningsteknologi uden ontologi (verdensforståelse). Ad 2 med udgangspunkt i Luhmanns teori om kommunikation som sociale systemers grundelement undersøger artiklen hvordan AI kan knytte an til kommunikation og blive en form for deltager. Ad 3 Stadig ud fra Luhmann diskuteres vores begreb om sociale strukturer deres (re)produktion og mediernes rolle heri, videre fremlægges tre scenarier for det digitaliserede samfundets udvikling. Ad 4 artiklens indsigter appliceres på undervisningssystemet, der herefter diskuteres ud fra en demokratisk og dannelsesorienteret vinkel, der søger at afklarer hvordan AI kan ibrugtages hensigtsmæssigt.
The Implementation of Islamic Business Practices of Women Traders: A Study in An Islamic State in a Developing Country
Authors: Ilhaamie Abdul Ghani Azmi
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this article is to share the gaps between the ideals and reality of the implementation of Islamic business practices in Kelantan; a well known Islamic state in Malaysia; especially by the Muslim businesswomen at Siti Khadijah’s market. 27 respondents were interviewed in late August 2013, however; four were disqualified due to the fact that they are only workers and not the owners. To obtain Allah (s.w.t) blessing is their main reason of implementing Islamic business practices as they believe that they will gain Allah’s blessing or barakah in so doing. Islamic business practices can be classified into three phases that are before, during and after the business. The implementation of Islamic business practices is moderate. Using spearman correlation, age is found out to be negative and significant while other variables are not significantly related to the Muslim business women’s achievement.
Discourse analysis and the environment: ecolinguistic perspectives
Authors: Re Anna
Published: September 2024

The aim of this volume is to verify how the concepts conveyed by the keywords wilderness and wildness have varied in recent years with respect to their original/ literal meanings, as well as the effects these changes may have on discourse about the environment and the protection of remaining wild lands. The words have been chosen because they thoroughly conceptualize the idea of untamed nature and can help shed light on beneficial environmental discourses. The reference framework of this work is ecolinguistics in its attempt to determine how environmental issues are discussed and narrated; and its rationale is that of combining corpus linguistics with narrative and discursive use analyses. Association of these methods can heighten the results and offer new tools for ecolinguistics scholars. The analysis displays many occurrences of wilderness and very few of wildness that nuance various meanings in the SibBol corpus and in The Guardian sub corpus, reflecting differing reference contexts. Wilderness largely keeps its literal meaning, compared to a broader meaning associated with wildness which is connected with qualities that can be dissociated from nature. The term is progressing toward a metaphorical meaning, as its discursive usage demonstrates. Instead, the wilderness discourse – whether in articles, books, social media or documentaries – can play a pivotal role in wilderness conservation by educating the public, influencing policy, engaging communities, building emotional connections, documenting issues, and promoting sustainable practices. The success of conservation efforts hinges on communication through various forms of written and spoken words.
When Do Visual Category Representations Emerge in Infants’ Brains?
Authors: Yan Xiaoqian , Tung Sarah , Fascendini Bella , Chen Yulan Diana , Norcia Anthony M , Grill-Spector Kalanit
Published: September 2024

Organizing the continuous stream of visual input into categories like places or faces is important for everyday function and social interactions. However, it is unknown when neural representations of these and other visual categories emerge. Here we used steady state evoked potential electroencephalography to measure cortical responses in infants at 3-4 months, 4-6 months, 6-8 months, and 12-15 months, when they viewed controlled, gray-level images of faces, limbs, corridors, characters, and cars. We found that distinct responses to these categories emerge at different ages. Reliable brain responses to faces emerge first, at 4-6 months, followed by limbs and places around 6-8 months. Between 6-15 months response patterns become more distinct, such that a classifier can decode what an infant is looking at from their brain responses. These findings, have important implications for assessing typical and atypical cortical development as they not only suggest that category representations are learned, but also that representations of categories that may have innate substrates emerge at different times during infancy.
Insect metamorphosis is regulated differently between sexes by members of a microRNA cluster
Authors: Li Chade , Chan Ki Kei , Nong Wenyan , Chen ShanShan , So Wai Lok , Qu Zhe , Wu Heidi YC , Yip Ho Yin , Chan Chi Bun , Tobe Stephen S , Bendena William G , Kai Zhen Peng , Hui Jerome HL
Published: September 2024

Insects comprise the majority of all described animal species and dominate the terrestrial habitats. The evolution of insect metamorphosis played a profound role in their successful adaptation and radiation. Insect metamorphosis is dependent on hormones ecdysteroids and sesquiterpenoids such as juvenile hormone. Despite the fact there are genuine differences between sexes during insect metamorphosis which facilitate their successful mating, how such sexual dimorphism in metamorphosis is being controlled is poorly known. We first generated transcriptomic profiles of male and female flies in late larvae and early pupae stages. Using a combination of genome-wide prediction and
in vitro
dual-luciferase validations, members of a microRNA cluster miR-277/34 were found to potentially regulate the neuropeptide receptor (
AstC-R1
) that when activated inhibits the sesquiterpenoid pathway and a juvenile hormone-dependent transcription factor (
Kr-h1
) in fly
Drosophila melanogaster.
Loss-of-function mutants were created deleting either miR-277 or miR-34, and expression levels of both
AstC-R1
and
Kr-h1
as well as ecdysteroid and sesquiterpenoid hormone titres were altered. Further comparison of transcriptomes of the late larvae and early pupae of both sexes revealed differential gene pathways being regulated by members of miR-277/34 between sexes during metamorphosis. This study highlights how members of a microRNA cluster control hormonal and developmental gene pathways in different sexes of insects during metamorphosis.
β-1,6-Glucan plays a central role in the structure and remodeling of the bilaminate fungal cell wall
Authors: Bekirian Clara , Valsecchi Isabel , Bachellier-Bassi Sophie , Scandola Cyril , Guijarro J Inaki , Chauvel Murielle , Mourer Thierry , Gow Neil AR , Aimanianda Vishu Kumar , d'Enfert Christophe , Fontaine Thierry
Published: September 2024

The cell wall of human fungal pathogens plays critical roles as an architectural scaffold and as a target and modulator of the host immune response. Although the cell wall of the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans is intensively studied, one of the major fibrillar components in its cell wall, β-1,6-glucan, has been largely neglected. Here, we show that β-1,6-glucan is essential for bilayered cell wall organization, cell wall integrity, and filamentous growth. For the first time, we show that β-1,6-glucan production compensates the defect in mannan elongation in the outer layer of the cell wall. In addition, β-1,6-glucan dynamics are also coordinated by host environmental stimuli and stresses with wall remodeling, where the regulation of β-1,6-glucan structure and chain length is a crucial process. As we point out that β-1,6-glucan is exposed at the yeast surface and modulate immune response, β-1,6-glucan must be considered a key factor in host–pathogen interactions.
Acute targeted induction of gut-microbial metabolism affects host clock genes and nocturnal feeding
Authors: Greter Giorgia , Moresi Claudia , Oswald Stefanie , de Wouters d’Oplinter Alice , Künzli Daria , Cappio Barazzone Elisa , Lan Jiayi , Slack Emma , Arnoldini Markus
Published: September 2024

The gut microbiota and host circadian clock mutually influence each other, and microbiota metabolism has been shown to play a role in regulating host circadian function via secretion of fermentation products. Microbial metabolism is dependent on the availability of nutrients for the microbiota, typically through the host’s food intake, making it challenging to disentangle the effect of host and microbiota metabolism. In this study, we acutely induced gut microbial metabolic activity without inducing host metabolism in mice. We found that increasing microbial metabolism in the gut altered circadian clock gene expression locally. Actuating microbiota metabolism also reduced host food intake beyond the calories provided by the microbiota, suggesting a systemic signaling effect of microbial metabolism on the host.
A cryo-ET study of ciliary rootlet organization
Authors: van Hoorn Chris , Carter Andrew P
Published: September 2024

Ciliary rootlets are striated bundles of filaments that connect the base of cilia to internal cellular structures. Rootlets are critical for the sensory and motile functions of cilia. However, the mechanisms underlying these functions remain unknown, in part due to a lack of structural information of rootlet organization. In this study, we obtain 3D reconstructions of membrane-associated and purified rootlets using cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET). We show that flexible protrusions on the rootlet surface, which emanate from the cross-striations, connect to intracellular membranes. In purified rootlets, the striations were classified into amorphous (A)-bands, associated with accumulations on the rootlet surface, and discrete (D)-bands corresponding to punctate lines of density that run through the rootlet. These striations connect a flexible network of longitudinal filaments. Subtomogram averaging suggests the filaments consist of two intertwined coiled coils. The rootlet’s filamentous architecture, with frequent membrane-connecting cross-striations, lends itself well for anchoring large membranes in the cell.
Zika virus remodels and hijacks IGF2BP2 ribonucleoprotein complex to promote viral replication organelle biogenesis
Authors: Mazeaud Clément , Pfister Stefan , Owen Jonathan E , Pereira Higor Sette , Charbonneau Flavie , Robinson Zachary E , Anton Anaïs , Bemis Cheyanne L , Sow Aïssatou Aïcha , Patel Trushar R , Neufeldt Christopher J , Scaturro Pietro , Chatel-Chaix Laurent
Published: September 2024

Zika virus (ZIKV) infection causes significant human disease that, with no approved treatment or vaccine, constitutes a major public health concern. Its life cycle entirely relies on the cytoplasmic fate of the viral RNA genome (vRNA) through a fine-tuned equilibrium between vRNA translation, replication and packaging into new virions, all within virus-induced replication organelles (vRO). In this study, with an RNAi mini-screening and subsequent functional characterization, we have identified insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2) as a new host dependency factor that regulates vRNA synthesis. In infected cells, IGF2BP2 associates with viral NS5 polymerase and redistributes to the perinuclear viral replication compartment. Combined fluorescence
in situ
hybridization-based confocal imaging,
in vitro
binding assays, and immunoprecipitation coupled to RT-qPCR, showed that IGF2BP2 directly interacts with ZIKV vRNA 3’-nontranslated region. Using ZIKV sub-genomic replicons and a replication-independent vRO induction system, we demonstrated that IGF2BP2 knockdown impairs
de novo
viral organelle biogenesis and, consistently, vRNA synthesis. Finally, the analysis of immunopurified IGF2BP2 complex using quantitative mass spectrometry and RT-qPCR, revealed that ZIKV infection alters the protein and RNA interactomes of IGF2BP2. Altogether, our data support that ZIKV hijacks and remodels the IGF2BP2 ribonucleoprotein complex to regulate vRO biogenesis and vRNA neosynthesis.
Transplantation of exogenous mitochondria mitigates myocardial dysfunction after cardiac arrest
Authors: Wang Zhen , Zhu Jie , Xu Mengda , Ma Xuyuan , Shen Maozheng , Yan Jingyu , Gan Guosheng , Zhou Xiang
Published: September 2024

The incidence of post-cardiac arrest myocardial dysfunction (PAMD) is high, and there is currently no effective treatment available. This study aims to investigate the protective effects of exogenous mitochondrial transplantation. Exogenous mitochondrial transplantation can enhance myocardial function and improve the survival rate. Mechanistic studies suggest that mitochondrial transplantation can limit impairment in mitochondrial morphology, augment the activity of mitochondrial complexes II and IV, and raise ATP levels. As well, mitochondrial therapy ameliorated oxidative stress imbalance, reduced myocardial injury, and thus improved PAMD after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
Single Turnover Transient State Kinetics Reveals Processive Protein Unfolding Catalyzed by Escherichia coli ClpB
Authors: Banwait Jaskamaljot Kaur , Islam Liana , Lucius Aaron L
Published: September 2024

E. coli
ClpB, and
S. cerevisiae
Hsp104 are AAA+ motor proteins essential for proteome maintenance and thermal tolerance. ClpB and Hsp104 have been proposed to extract a polypeptide from an aggregate and processively translocate the chain through the axial channel of its hexameric ring structure. However, the mechanism of translocation and if this reaction is processive remains disputed. We reported that Hsp104 and ClpB are non-processive on unfolded model substrates. Others have reported that ClpB is able to processively translocate a mechanically unfolded polypeptide chain at rates over 240 amino acids (aa) per second. Here we report the development of a single turnover stopped-flow fluorescence strategy that reports on processive protein unfolding catalyzed by ClpB. We show that when translocation catalyzed by ClpB is challenged by stably folded protein structure, the motor enzymatically unfolds the substrate at a rate of ∼0.9 aa s
-1
with a step-size of ∼60 amino acids. We reconcile the apparent controversy by defining enzyme catalyzed protein unfolding and translocation as two distinct reactions with different mechanisms of action. We propose a model where slow unfolding followed by fast translocation represents an important mechanistic feature that allows the motor to rapidly translocate up to the next folded region or rapidly dissociate if no additional fold is encountered.
The mitochondrial stress-induced protein carboxyl-terminal alanine and threonine tailing (msiCAT-tailing) promotes glioblastoma tumorigenesis by modulating mitochondrial functions
Authors: Cai Ting , Zhang Bei , Reddy Esha , Wu Yuanna , Tang Yinglu , Mondal Isha , Wang Jerry , Ho Winson S , Lu Rongze Olivia , Wu Zhihao
Published: September 2024

The rapid and sustained proliferation in cancer cells requires accelerated protein synthesis. Accelerated protein synthesis and disordered cell metabolism in cancer cells greatly increase the risk of translation errors. ribosome-associated quality control (RQC) is a recently discovered mechanism for resolving ribosome collisions caused by frequent translation stalls. The role of the RQC pathway in cancer initiation and progression remains controversial and confusing. In this study, we investigated the pathogenic role of mitochondrial stress-induced protein carboxyl-terminal terminal alanine and threonine tailing (msiCAT-tailing) in glioblastoma (GBM), which is a specific RQC response to translational arrest on the outer mitochondrial membrane. We found that msiCAT-tailed mitochondrial proteins frequently exist in glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs). Ectopically expressed msiCAT-tailed mitochondrial ATP synthase F1 subunit alpha (ATP5α) protein increases the mitochondrial membrane potential and blocks mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) formation/opening. These changes in mitochondrial properties confer resistance to staurosporine (STS)-induced apoptosis in GBM cells. Therefore, msiCAT-tailing can promote cell survival and migration, while genetic and pharmacological inhibition of msiCAT-tailing can prevent the overgrowth of GBM cells.
Predicting social media users’ indirect aggression through pre-trained models
Authors: Zhou Zhenkun , Yu Mengli , Peng Xingyu , He Yuxin
Published: September 2024

Indirect aggression has become a prevalent phenomenon that erodes the social media environment. Due to the expense and the difficulty in determining objectively what constitutes indirect aggression, the traditional self-reporting questionnaire is hard to be employed in the current cyber area. In this study, we present a model for predicting indirect aggression online based on pre-trained models. Building on Weibo users’ social media activities, we constructed basic, dynamic, and content features and classified indirect aggression into three subtypes: social exclusion, malicious humour, and guilt induction. We then built the prediction model by combining it with large-scale pre-trained models. The empirical evidence shows that this prediction model (ERNIE) outperforms the pre-trained models and predicts indirect aggression online much better than the models without extra pre-trained information. This study offers a practical model to predict users’ indirect aggression. Furthermore, this work contributes to a better understanding of indirect aggression behaviors and can support social media platforms’ organization and management.
Translation and Validation of the Korean Version of the Global Interprofessional Therapeutic Communication Scale: A Study of the Psychometric Properties among Korean Nurses
Authors: Lee JuHee , Campbell Suzanne Hetzel , Aredes Natalia Del Angelo , Park Sooyoung , Hong Soomin
Published: September 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to validate the Korean version of the Global Interprofessional Therapeutic Communication Scale (K-GITCS), with the ultimate goal of improving therapeutic communication and patient engagement among Korean nurses.Methods: The study rigorously adhered to the original authors’ translation guidelines. A sample of 300 registered nurses from a tertiary hospital in South Korea participated in this research. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to verify the tool’s validity, and Cronbach’s ⍺ coefficients were calculated to evaluate the internal consistency of the K-GITCS.Results: The instrument’s reliability was substantiated by an adequate comparative fit index (0.984) and a high Cronbach’s ⍺ coefficient (0.94). The empirical results supported the three-factor structure of the K-GITCS, which comprised trust and rapport building, power sharing, and empathy.Conclusion: The study confirms that the K-GITCS is a valid, reliable, and culturally sensitive instrument for assessing therapeutic communication skills among nurses in Korea. It also highlights the importance of culturally tailored therapeutic communication training, particularly for promoting empathy in patient care. The study emphasizes the potential of the K-GITCS to significantly enhance nurses’ therapeutic communication practices, thereby improving the quality and safety of patient care. It is recommended to apply this tool among nursing students, academic institutions, and interprofessional healthcare providers to facilitate structured educational interventions that will improve therapeutic communication.
Exploraciones ambientales en ciencias de la salud
Authors: Fernández-Sánchez Higinio , Guerrero-Castañeda Raul Fernando , Jones Jennifer , King Keith
Published: September 2024

Introducción: La Exploración Ambiental es una metodología integrada por un conjunto de estrategias que envuelven un proceso organizado y sistemático para buscar, recopilar, analizar, y estructurar información sobre un tema en específico. Los objetivos de la Exploración Ambiental se centran en la exploración de procesos, ventajas y desventajas, así como la aportación de elementos fundamentales para la toma de decisiones. Objetivo: Describir un marco metodológico para realizar Exploraciones Ambientales de materiales, recursos, y herramientas en ciencias de la salud. Desarrollo: Este trabajo detalla las siete fases propuestas para elaborar las Exploraciones Ambientales en el área de ciencias de la salud. Las fases incluyen Conclusiones: Este artículo hace una propuesta de metodología con etapas definidas que pueden servir como referente para llevar a cabo Exploraciones Ambientales con una estandarización de las etapas a seguir, indispensables para los investigadores sanitarios.
PRESENCIA DE PADRES EN EL PERI-OPERATORIO DE PACIENTES PEDIÁTRICOS CON TRASTORNO DEL ESPECTO AUTISTA: UNA REVISIÓN DE LA LITERATURA
Authors: Neira Basaure Patricia
Published: September 2024

OBJETIVO. Identificar y analizar literatura científica, con amplia validez, calidad y nivel de evidencia, que permitan establecer bases para generar recomendaciones para el cuidado de niños con TEA en el perioperatorio y determinar el rol que representa la presencia de los padres y cuidadores en él. METODOLOGÍA. A través de una revisión de la literatura se identificaron 7 estudios a cerca del manejo del periodo perioperatorio en niños con TEA, los cuales fueron evaluados en términos de metodología, pertinencia, validez interna, externa, significancia y nivel de evidencia. RESULTADOS: Los factores determinantes en el proceso perioperatorio de los niños con TEA son: la flexibilización del ambiente hospitalario, el personal de salud, reconocimiento del cuidador como experto, la presencia de los padres y los planes individualizados de cuidados. CONCLUSIÓN. La presencia de los padres en el proceso quirúrgico, especialmente en la inducción anestésica y en el post operatorio, ayuda a calmar a los niños con TEA, disminuye la ansiedad, previene complicaciones, y permite tomar medidas inmediatas que contribuyen a que los niños tengan una mejor experiencia.
Assessment of Vertical Nutrient Stratification in Paddy Cultivating Soils in Vepurikota Microwatershed of Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Sivanagaraju G. , Naidu M.V.S. , Bhaskar B.P. , Madhuri K.V. Naga , Ramamurthy V. , Umar SK. Nafeez
Published: September 2024

A thorough soil investigation was conducted to assess the soil's ability to supply nutrients by examining the vertical nutrient distribution pattern in the pedons of paddy growing areas in the Vepurikota microwatershed in Andhra Pradesh. The results revealed that soils were low in available nitrogen and medium to high in available P2O5, low to high in available K2O and deficient to sufficient in available S. In both the surface and subsurface horizons of every pedon, the DTPA extractable Cu was revealed sufficient in the soils. All pedons in the surface and subsurface horizons had deficient to sufficient amounts of available Zn, while all pedons except pedon 4 had sufficient quantities of available Fe and Mn that were above critical levels.
Nutritional and Medicinal uses of Different Types of Berries and Rabbit
Authors: Choudhary Karishma , Palsaniya Vinod Kumar
Published: September 2024

This abstract will provide an outline of the nutritional and therapeutic benefits of several berries. It will focus on the major vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and phytochemicals found in berries, as well as how these compounds can benefit overall health and well-being. The study will also look into the possible therapeutic applications of berries in the prevention and treatment of several health disorders, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. It will discuss the differences in nutrient profiles and bioactive chemicals found in various berry species, as well as how these variances may influence their distinct health-promoting properties. Furthermore, the abstract will discuss any potential safety risks or contraindications related with berry eating, particularly for people who have certain medical problems or are taking specific drugs.
Returns Management of Maize and Paddy Seeds
Authors: Lahari Deshaboina , Reddy T. Sudhakar , Radhika P. , Supriya K.
Published: September 2024

This study focuses on examining the returns management processes in the selected seed firm, particularly for maize and paddy seeds in the Telangana districts of Karimnagar and Nizamabad. The research identifies significant challenges in managing seed returns, such as inefficiencies that affect seed quality and availability, as well as the financial costs involved in handling returns. The study underscores the importance of a well-organized returns management system, especially since approximately 15 per cent of seed returns occur every year. Viable seeds are reprocessed and stored for future use, while non-viable seeds are safely disposed of or repurposed for other uses. The financial transactions associated with the returns process are carefully managed, ensuring efficient compensation for distribution partners. The findings highlight that an effective returns management process is crucial for preserving seed quality, minimizing waste and improving customer satisfaction. The study concludes with suggestions for refining the returns management process to bolster the sustainability and competitiveness of the selected firm. This manuscript offers valuable insights for researchers, policymakers and industry professionals involved in the agricultural supply chain.
High‐pressure, high‐temperature equations of state using nanofabricated controlled‐geometry Ni/SiO2/Ni double hot‐plate samples
Authors: Pigott Jeffrey S. , Ditmer Derek A. , Fischer Rebecca A. , Reaman Daniel M. , Hrubiak Rostislav , Meng Yue , Davis Robert J. , Panero Wendy R.
Published: November 2015

We have fabricated novel controlled‐geometry samples for the laser‐heated diamond‐anvil cell (LHDAC) in which a transparent oxide layer (SiO2) is sandwiched between two laser‐absorbing layers (Ni) in a single, cohesive sample. The samples were mass manufactured (>104 samples) using a combination of physical vapor deposition, photolithography, and wet and plasma etching. The double hot‐plate arrangement of the samples, coupled with the chemical and spatial homogeneity of the laser‐absorbing layers, addresses problems of spatial temperature heterogeneities encountered in previous studies where simple mechanical mixtures of transparent and opaque materials were used. Here we report thermal equations of state (EOS) for nickel to 100 GPa and 3000 K and stishovite to 50 GPa and 2400 K obtained using the LHDAC and in situ synchrotron X‐ray microdiffraction. We discuss the inner core composition and the stagnation of subducted slabs in the mantle based on our refined thermal EOS.
Changes in the geopotential height at 500 hPa under the influence of external climatic forcings
Authors: Christidis Nikolaos , Stott Peter A.
Published: November 2015

Apart from global scale surface warming, anthropogenic forcings also lead to warming and thermal expansion of the lower atmosphere. Here we investigate these effects using the geopotential height at 500 hPa, an indicator of the combined thermodynamic and dynamic climatic response to external forcings. We employ optimal fingerprinting, which uses information from reanalysis data sets and experiments with seven state‐of‐the‐art climate models, to assess the role of anthropogenic and natural influences on changes in the geopotential height during the satellite era. A significant global increase in the annual and seasonal mean geopotential height due to human influence is detected, a result confirmed with four different reanalysis data sets. A more moderate increase in the annual mean associated with natural forcings is also detected. Our findings, consistent with previous detection and attribution studies of changes in temperature and sea level pressure, indicate the prominent role of human influence on some recent climatic changes.
Untangling climate signals from autogenic changes in long‐term peatland development
Authors: Morris Paul J. , Baird Andy J. , Young Dylan M. , Swindles Graeme T.
Published: November 2015

Peatlands represent important archives of Holocene paleoclimatic information. However, autogenic processes may disconnect peatland hydrological behavior from climate and overwrite climatic signals in peat records. We use a simulation model of peatland development driven by a range of Holocene climate reconstructions to investigate climate signal preservation in peat records. Simulated water‐table depths and peat decomposition profiles exhibit homeostatic recovery from prescribed changes in rainfall, whereas changes in temperature cause lasting alterations to peatland structure and function. Autogenic ecohydrological feedbacks provide both high‐ and low‐pass filters for climatic information, particularly rainfall. Large‐magnitude climatic changes of an intermediate temporal scale (i.e., multidecadal to centennial) are most readily preserved in our simulated peat records. Simulated decomposition signals are offset from the climatic changes that generate them due to a phenomenon known as secondary decomposition. Our study provides the mechanistic foundations for a framework to separate climatic and autogenic signals in peat records.
Control of Mars global atmospheric loss by the continuous rotation of the crustal magnetic field: A time‐dependent MHD study
Authors: Fang Xiaohua , Ma Yingjuan , Brain David , Dong Yaxue , Lillis Robert
Published: November 2015

We present a time‐dependent MHD study of the controlling effects of the Mars crustal field on atmospheric escape. We calculate globally integrated planetary ion loss rates under quiet solar conditions considering the continuous rotation of crustal anomalies with the planet. It is found that the rotating crustal field plays an important role in controlling atmospheric escape. Significant time variation of ∼20% and ∼50% is observed during the entire rotation period for O+ and for
and
, respectively. The control is exerted mainly through two processes. First, the crustal magnetic pressure over the subsolar regime controls solar wind penetration and mass loading and therefore the escaping planetary ion source. There is a strong negative correlation between the magnetic pressure and ion loss, with a time lag of <1 h for O+ and ∼2.5 h for
and
. Second, the crustal magnetic pressure near the terminator region controls the cross‐section area between the induced magnetospheric boundary and 100 km altitude at the terminator. The change in day‐night connection regulates the extent to which planetary ions created on the dayside can be ultimately carried away by the solar wind and escape Mars. There is a strong positive correlation between the cross‐section area and ion loss, with no significant time lag. As the planet rotates, the dayside process and the terminator process work together to control the total amount of escaping planetary ions. However, their relative importance changes with the local time of the strong crustal field region.
Serum Calprotectin Versus Acute‐Phase Reactants in the Discrimination of Inflammatory Disease Activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Receiving Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors
Authors: Inciarte‐Mundo José , Victoria Hernández Maria , Ruiz‐Esquide Virginia , Raquel Cabrera‐Villalba Sonia , Ramirez Julio , Cuervo Andrea , Pascal Mariona , Yagüe Jordi , Cañete Juan D. , Sanmarti Raimon
Published: November 2015

Objective

To compare the accuracy of serum calprotectin and acute‐phase reactants (C‐reactive protein [CRP] and erythrocyte sedimentation rate [ESR]) in stratifying disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients receiving tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi), and to correlate calprotectin levels with TNFi trough serum levels.

Methods

We conducted a cross‐sectional study of 87 RA patients receiving adalimumab, etanercept (ETN), or infliximab (IFX); 56 psoriatic arthritis (PsA) patients and 40 healthy blood donors were included as controls. Associations between calprotectin, CRP, and ESR and composite articular indices (Disease Activity Score in 28 joints [DAS28], Simplified Disease Activity Index [SDAI], and Clinical Disease Activity Index) were analyzed by correlation and linear regression and the accuracy and discriminatory capacity of calprotectin by receiver operator characteristic curves (area under the curve [AUC]).

Results

Calprotectin levels correlated better with all composite activity indices than CRP and ESR (all r coefficients >0.70). Calprotectin levels were significantly lower in RA and PsA patients in clinical remission compared with those with low disease activity for all articular indices. In RA, ESR discriminated between remission and low disease activity only when using DAS28, and CRP only with SDAI. In RA patients in remission/low disease activity, calprotectin but not CRP or ESR distinguished between patients with no swollen joints and those with ≥1 swollen joint (1.74 μg/ml versus 3.04 μg/ml; P = 0.010). Using DAS28 ≥2.6 as the reference variable, calprotectin showed an AUC of 0.92; the best cutoff was ≥2.47 μg/ml with a likelihood ratio of 6.3 (95% confidence interval 2.5–15.8). Calprotectin serum levels inversely correlated with trough serum drug levels of ETN (ρ = −0.671, P < 0.001) and IFX (ρ = −0.729, P = 0.017).

Conclusion

Calprotectin may more accurately discriminate disease activity in RA patients receiving TNFi than acute‐phase reactants, even in patients with low inflammatory activity.