bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Valoración de la ingesta de macronutrientes, actividad física y estado nutricional de adultos con VIH en Córdoba, Argentina
Authors: Fernández Guillermo Luis , Del Vo María Fernanda , Balbo Jesica Alejandra , Sánchez Roberto José , Oberto María Georgina
Published: September 2020

Introducción: La infección por el VIH es uno de los principales problemas de salud pública a nivel mundial y a más de 30 años de la descripción del primer caso del síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida (SIDA), estadio que refleja la expresión clínica final con la consecuente destrucción del sistema inmunitario, su impacto en los sistemas de salud es muy importante. Una alimentación equilibrada y la práctica regular de actividad física contribuyen a mantener un adecuado estado nutricional, que junto con el Tratamiento Antirretroviral de Gran Actividad (TARGA) retrasan el desarrollo de la enfermedad.
Objetivo: analizar si la ingesta de macronutrientes y actividad física se asocian con el estado nutricional de pacientes con HIV bajo TARGA.
Métodos: Se incluyeron 31 adultos de ambos sexos con VIH bajo TARGA sin comorbilidad previa, con voluntad de participar bajo consentimiento y asistidos en una Clínica Privada de Córdoba Capital entre 2016-2017. De las historias clínicas se registró perfil lipídico y glucémico. Se valoró el índice de masa corporal (IMC), ingesta de macronutrientes y actividad física. Se aplicó Fisher con un p< 0,05.
Resultados: Quince pacientes (48,4%) presentaron IMC normal y 14 (45,2%) sobrepeso/obesidad. La distribución porcentual promedio de ingesta de macronutrientes fue adecuada. Doce pacientes (38,7%) realizaron 60 min/día de actividades livianas y 11 (35,5%) actividades moderadas/vigorosas.
No se encontró asociación entre estado nutricional y nivel de actividad física, tampoco entre estado nutricional y consumo de macronutrientes.
Conclusión: La prevalencia de sobrepeso/obesidad y bajos niveles de actividad física son similares a la población general.
Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome: clinic case and literature review
Authors: Leonangeli Sebastian , Fraire Jazmín Azul , Loza Jorge Luis
Published: September 2020

Introduction: The anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome is a rare adverse reaction in which the skin, lymph nodes and internal organs are affected. It is usually caused by classic anticonvulsants such as phenytoin, carbamazepine or phenobarbital. Case report: Here we present the case of a 25-year-old woman from Córdoba, Argentina, who suffered a severe reaction to oxcarbazepine with a rash, lymphadenopathy, hepatitis and an unusual analytic. Clinical abnormalities were reversed after oxcarbazepine was terminated and treatment with diphenhydramine and dexamethasone was initiated. Discussion: DRESS syndrome is a hypersensitivity reaction that takes weeks to manifest, and is characterized by rash, leukocytosis with eosinophilia, adenopathies, liver involvement, and reactivation of the herpes virus 6, being more frequent in carbamazepine or phenytoin, and in rare cases to oxcarbazepine. Conclusions: In general, this strong medicine is not taken into account as a cause of hypersensitivity, reports suggest that it could be related to cases similar to this one, and studies that are more targeted are required, due to the morbidity and mortality of the syndrome.
Validation of a modified Clavien-Dindo Classification for postoperative complications in orthopedic surgery
Authors: Camino Willhuber Gaston , Slullitel Pablo , Taype Zamboni Danilo , Albergo Jose , Terrasa Sergio , Piuzzi Nicolas , Boretto Jorge
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Postoperative complications (PCs) constitute any deviation from the normal postoperative course.
Reporting of PCs remains a challenge, multiple classification systems have been proposed, however these have not been validated across surgical specialties. Clavien and Dindo (DCCS) developed a system for General Surgery and has been adopted in different fields. Nonetheless, this classification has not been adapted to Orthopedics. The objective of this study was to adapt the Clavien-Dindo classification to orthopedic scenarios and to determine the intra and interobserver reliability.
Methods: The designer team adapted the Clavien Dindo classification to orthopedic scenarios. Ten orthopedic observers with different degrees of training and experience were selected to evaluate the classification. 48 simulated clinical scenarios of complications and another negative outcomes such as failure to cure and sequelae were sent by electronic format independently. A second round of scoring was performed 30 days later to assess the intraobserver concordance.
Results: We found a high interobserver and intraobserver reliability for both the first and second evaluation (Kappa 0.88 and 0.91, respectively). In addition, the intraobserver analysis showed a very good correlation (Kappa 0.93).
Discussion: The DCCS classification has been developed for general surgery and has been widely applied in the different surgical subspecialties. In Orthopedics, this classification was validated to hip and pediatric surgery. Therefore, our study involved an adaptation of the classification to general and specific orthopedic scenarios of the different orthopedic subspecialties. This classification may be a useful tool for documenting complications in orthopedic surgery.
Keywords: postoperative complications; orthopedics; health systems
Traqueostomía percutánea guiada por broncoscopía: experiencia en 235 procedimientos
Authors: Carboni Bisso Indalecio , Huespe Iván , Schverdfinger Sofía , Videla Carlos , Montagne Juan , Dietrich Agustín , Smith David , San Román Eduardo , Las Heras Marcos
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: Medición de la eficacia y relevamiento de las complicaciones asociadas a la a realización de traqueostomía percutánea (TP) guiada por videobroncoscopia en un hospital universitario de alta complejidad.

Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional retrospectivo realizado entre mayo de 2017 y agosto de 2019. El criterio para la indicación de TP fue desvinculación prolongada de la ventilación mecánica en todos los casos. Incluyó pacientes mayores de 18 años en que se realizó TP electiva guiada por videobroncoscopia. Se registraron variables demográficas, APACHE II y días de ventilación mecánica previos a la TP. La eficacia del procedimiento fue evaluada en base a la tasa de éxito en la ejecución, la necesidad de conversión a técnica abierta. Asimismo, se registraron las complicaciones observadas.

Resultados: Se evaluaron 235 procedimientos (149 hombres y 86 mujeres) en pacientes con edad media de 61 años ± 19, un score APACHE II 18 ± 8. La TP pudo ser ejecutada en forma rápida y satisfactoria en todos los pacientes sin requerimiento de conversión a técnica abierta. Se presentaron complicaciones tempranas en el 3,8% (9) de los casos. El sangrado menor fue la complicación más frecuentemente observada en 5 casos (2,1%), hipotensión en 3 casos (1,3%) e hipoxemia transitoria en un caso (0,4%). Asimismo el 2,1% (5) de los casos registró complicaciones tardías.

Conclusión: La realización de TP mediante la técnica de dilatador único guiada por videobroncoscopia se describe como un procedimiento efectivo y seguro, que puede realizarse en unidades de cuidados intensivos con baja tasa de complicaciones.
Baseline Functional Status and One-year Mortality After Hospital Admission in Elderly Patients: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Sáenz Victoria , Zuljevic Nicolas , Elizondo Cristina , Martin Lesende Iñaki , Caruso Diego
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Hospitalization represents a major factor that may precipitate the loss of functional status and the cascade into dependence. The main objective of our study was to determine the effect of functional status measured before hospital admission on survival at one year after hospitalization in elderly patients.

Methods: Prospective cohort study of adult patients (over 65 years of age) admitted to either the general ward or intensive Care units (ICU) of a tertiary teaching hospital in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Main exposure was the pre-admission functional status determined by means of the modified “VIDA” questionnaire, which evaluates the instrumental activities of daily living. We used a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model to estimate the effect of prior functional status on time to all-cause death while controlling for measured confounding. Secondarily, we analyzed the effect of post-discharge functional decline on long-term outcomes.

Results: 297 patients were included in the present study. 12.8% died during hospitalization and 86 patients (33.2%) died within one year after hospital discharge. Functional status prior to hospital admission, measured by the VIDA questionnaire (e.g., one point increase), was associated with a lower hazard of all-cause mortality during follow-up (Hazard Ratio [HR]: 0.96; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 0.94–0.98). Finally, functional decline measured at 15 days after hospital discharge, was associated with higher risk of all-cause death during follow-up (HR: 2.19, 95% CI: 1.09–4.37)

Conclusion: Pre-morbid functional status impacts long term outcomes after unplanned hospitalizations in elderly adults. Future studies should confirm these findings and evaluate the potential impact on clinical decision-making.
Irmawati S
Authors: S Irmawati
Published: September 2020

Kuliah kerja lapang plus ( KKLP) merupan suatu kegiatan perkuliahan yang bersifat ekstrakurikuler dalam bentuk pengabdian ke masyarakat yang dilakukan oleh karena sifatnya ekstrakurikuler sehingga setiap mahasiswa yang akan menyelesaikan studi perguruan tinggi pada suatu program starta satu ( SI ) harus mengikuti KKLP.
GERAKAN SETENGAH MILIAR MASKER
Authors: Rostina
Published: September 2020

Kegiatan pembagian masker ini dilakukan di desa Bontocini yang mencakup 4 dusun. Kegiatan pembagian masker ini dilakukan oleh Karang Taruna, Ibu desa Bontocini dan mahasiswa KKLP Yapti Jeneponto. Pembagian masker di dua dusun dilakukan pada pagi hari sampai sebelum dzuhur dan dilanjutkan 2 dusun pada sore harinya. Pembagian masker dilakukan dari rumah ke rumah, dan tak lupa pula kami mengedukasi masyarakat untuk memakai masker saat bepergian keluar rumah dan memakaikan masker kepada masyarakat.
GERAKAN SETENGAH MILYAR MASKER
Authors: pratami Andi irmawati
Published: September 2020

Kegiatan pembagian masker ini dilakukan di desa Bontocini yang mencakup 4 dusun. Kegiatan pembagian masker ini dilakukan oleh Karang Taruna, Ibu desa Bontocini dan mahasiswa KKLP Yapti Jeneponto. Pembagian masker di dua dusun dilakukan pada pagi hari sampai sebelum dzuhur dan dilanjutkan 2 dusun pada sore harinya. Pembagian masker dilakukan dari rumah ke rumah, dan tak lupa pula kami mengedukasi masyarakat untuk memakai masker saat bepergian keluar rumah dan memakaikan masker kepada masyarakat.
Perbaikan Sarana dan Prasarana Desa Paitana
Authors: Hasan Riska
Published: September 2020

Kuliah Kerja Lapang Plus (KKLP) merupakan suatu kegiatan perkuliahan yang bersifat intrakurikuler dalam bentuk pengabdian ke Masyarakat yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa(i) dalam jangka waktu tertentu. Oleh karena, sifatnya yang intrakurikuler sehingga setiap mahasiswa(i) yang akan menyelesaikan studi di perguruan pada suatu program Strata 1 (S1) harus mengikuti KKLP.
How COVID-19 Reveals Structures of Vulnerability
Authors: Team Victoria , Manderson Lenore
Published: September 2020

As coronavirus infection spread across Europe and north America to much poorer parts of the world, calls for personal protection – hand washing, physical distancing, and masks – highlighted the structural challenges of implementation. Australians took to panic buying, physically fighting over toilet rolls in supermarkets, precipitating a national shortage. As Susan Levine noted dryly, elsewhere many people don’t have toilets. At the same time as the toilet paper rush, the South African Institute of Plumbers ran a 90-minute webinar for hundreds of plumbers and laborers on infrastructure and infectious disease control, with Lenore Manderson taking questions on the risks of what was now essential front-line work in maintaining taps, pipes and toilets. This was virtual applied anthropology.These personal measures were complemented by public health directives, worldwide, for populations to stay home, or in the US, to “shelter in place.” In these noisy early days, little attention was paid to what this might mean for those who had nowhere to shelter, who were living in temporary, rudimentary or inadequate housing, or were already at risk at home. At any time, overcrowding, poor maintenance, intermittent power, lack of fuel and water, an insanitary environment, and lack of municipal services, compromise health, exacerbating mental health problems and nurturing the transmission of parasitic, viral and bacterial diseases. COVID-19 fed on this. It thrived on the structural vulnerabilities that worldwide shape access to, quality and security of housing. Structural vulnerability, as defined by Quesada, Hart and Bourgois (2011), derives from economic exploitation and discrimination; we use this term routinely to explain how the disparities of class, culture, gender, sex and race impact on individuals, families and communities. Here, however, we also acknowledge its use in relation to geography and engineering, and so the physical structures that provide shelter. To these structural vulnerabilities, the volatility of governments and the private sector make access to and the security of shelter precarious everywhere.
Scaling Climate Change to Human Behavior. Predicting Good and Bad Years for Maya Farmers
Authors: Kramer Karen , Hackman Joseph V.
Published: September 2020

Objectives: Human responses to climate variation has a rich anthropological history. However, much less is known about how people living in small-scale societies perceive climate change, and what climate data are useful in predicting food production at a scale that affects daily lives.Methods: We use longitudinal ethnographic interview and economic data first to ask what aspects of climate variation affect the agricultural cycle and food production for Yucatec Maya farmers. Sixty years of high-resolution meteorological data and harvest assessments are used to then detect the scale at which climate data predict good and bad crop yields. Finally, we analyze long-term changes in climate variables critical to food production.Results: We find that 1) only local, daily precipitation closely fits the climate pattern described by farmers. Other temporal (annual and monthly) scales miss key information about what farmers find important to successful harvests; 2) At both community- and municipal-levels, heavylate-season rains associated with tropical storms have the greatest negative impact on crop yields; 3) in contrast to regional and state long-term trajectories, local measures show an increase in rainfall during the late growing season, suggesting that fine-grained spatial data are needed tomake accurate inferences about climate trends.Conclusion: Our findings highlight the importance to define climate variables at scales appropriate to human behavior. Course-grained annual, monthly, national and state-level data tell us little about climate attributes pertinent to farmers and food production. However, high resolutiondaily, local precipitation data do capture how climate variation shapes food production.
Just file
Authors: Merinawati
Published: September 2020

Kuliah kerja lapang plus (kklp) merupakan suatu kegiatan perkuliahan yang bersifat intrakurikuler dalam bentuk pengabdian pada masyarakat yang di lakukan oleh mahasiswa dalam jangka waktu tertentu. Oleh Karena,sifatnya intrakurikuler sehingga setiap mahasiswa yang akan menyelesaikan studi di perguruan tinggi pads suatu program strata satu (s1) harus mengikuti kklp
A Minimally Constrained Optimization Algorithm for Table Cartograms
Authors: McNutt Andrew Michael , Kindlmann Gordon
Published: September 2020

Table cartograms are a recent type of data visualization that encodes numerical tabular data as a grid of quadrilaterals whose area are brought into correspondence with the input data. The overall effect is similar to that of a heat map that has been ‘area-ed‘ rather than shaded. There exist several algorithms for creating these structures—variously utilizing techniques such as computational geometry and numerical optimization —yet each of them impose aesthetically-motivated conditions that impede fine tuning or manipulation of the visual aesthetic of the output. In this work we contribute an optimization algorithm for creating table cartograms that is able to compute a variety of table cartograms layouts for a single dataset. We make our web-ready implementation available as table-cartogram.ts.
Personal Narratives Build Trust Across Ideological Divides
Authors: Hagmann David , Minson Julia A. , Tinsley Catherine
Published: September 2020

Lack of trust is a key barrier to collaboration in organizations and is exacerbated in contexts when employees subscribe to different ideological beliefs. Across five preregistered experiments, we find that people judge ideological opponents as more trustworthy when opposing opinions are expressed through a self-revealing personal narrative than through either data or stories about third parties---even when the content of the messages is carefully controlled to be consistent. Trust does not suffer when explanations grounded in self-revealing personal narratives are augmented with data, suggesting that our results are not driven by quantitative aversion. Perceptions of trustworthiness are mediated by the speaker's apparent vulnerability and are greater when the self-revelation is of a more sensitive nature. Consequently, people are more willing to collaborate with ideological opponents who support their views by embedding data in a self-revealing personal narrative, rather than relying on data-only explanations. We discuss the implications of these results for future research on trust as well as for organizational practice.
Social organizations and cultural influences in the age of social media concerning societal fragmentation
Authors: Ho Tung Manh
Published: September 2020

In this essay, I argue non-profit and non-governmental social organizations can play a crucial role in enhancing social solidarity in the age of social media. Their strengths lie in their adaptability, memetic power, and credibility. Future research should focus on social organizations' role in rehabilitating public shaming, public epistemology, and cultural dimensions.
SEMINAR PROGRAM KERJA KKLP STIE STKIP YAPTI JENEPONTO DESA RAMBA
Authors: indarsih Nurul
Published: September 2020

Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk memaparkan proker yang akan mereka lakukan. Kegiatan dilaksanakan Ba’da Ashar sampai selesai. Kegiatan ini dihadiri oleh tokoh-tokoh Masyarakat, Mahasiswa dan beberapa Dosen.
How to minimize time distortions
Authors: Sierra Franklenin , Poeppel David , Tavano Alessandro
Published: September 2020

Humans perceptually distort (dilate/shrink) time when discriminating the duration of successive events. This so called "Time order error" is a powerful window into the determinants of subjective perception. We hypothesized that optimal temporal processing would occur when stimulus duration falls within the boundaries of rhythmic attention (4-8 Hz, theta band). In three experiments, we searched for a ‘temporal sweet spot’ by increasing the duration of a Standard from 120-ms, corresponding to an 8.33 Hz rhythmic attentive window, to 160 ms (6.25 Hz), to 200 ms (5 Hz). We found that time distortions disappear for 200 ms events, highlighting the theta band as an optimal processing spot. In contrast, for shorter events, temporal attention, which we parametrized as the interval size between Standard and Comparison events (400 to 2000 ms), governs the process to reduce time distortions. Our results highlight a flexible use of attentive functions in subjective time perception.
The acceptability and uptake of smartphone tracking for COVID-19 in Australia
Authors: Garrett Paul Michael , White Joshua Paul , Lewandowsky Stephan , Kashima Yoshihisa , Perfors Andrew , Little Daniel R. , Geard Nic , Mitchell Lewis , Tomko Martin , Dennis Simon
Published: September 2020

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, many Governments are instituting mobile tracking technologies to perform rapid contact tracing. However, these technologies are only effective if the public is willing to use them, implying that their perceived public health benefits must outweigh personal concerns over privacy and security. The Australian federal government recently launched the `COVIDSafe' app, designed to anonymously register nearby contacts. If a contact later identifies as infected with COVID-19, health department officials can rapidly followup with their registered contacts to stop the virus' spread. The current study assessed attitudes towards three tracking technologies (telecommunication network tracking, a government app, and Apple and Google's Bluetooth exposure notification system) in two representative samples of the Australian public prior to the launch of COVIDSafe. We compared these attitudes to usage of the COVIDSafe app after its launch in a further two representative samples of the Australian public. Using Bayesian methods, we find widespread acceptance for all tracking technologies, however, observe a large intention-behaviour gap between people’s stated attitudes and actual uptake of the COVIDSafe app. We consider the policy implications of these results for Australia and the world at large.
Cognition and Emotion in Extreme Political Action
Authors: Zmigrod Leor , Goldenberg Amit
Published: September 2020

Who is most likely to join and engage in extreme political action? While traditional theories have focused on situational factors or group identity attributes, an emerging science illustrates that tendencies for extreme political action may also be rooted in individuals’ idiosyncratic cognitive and affective dispositions. This paper synthesizes cutting-edge evidence demonstrating that an individual’s cognitive and affective architecture shape their willingness to support ideological violence. From a cognitive perspective, traits such as cognitive rigidity, slower perceptual strategies, and poorer executive functions are linked to heightened endorsement for ideological violence. From an emotional standpoint, characteristics associated with emotional reactivity and impaired emotional regulation, such as sensation-seeking and impulsivity, can facilitate readiness for extreme political action. The review hones in on the roles of cognitive rigidity and sensation-seeking as traits heightening proclivities for extreme pro-group behavior, and recommends that future research should aim to assess cognition-emotion interactions to reveal different sub-profiles of political actors. A theoretical framework focused on cognitive and affective information-processing traits – and their interactions – opens up tractable empirical questions and a future research agenda. Identifying subsets of ideologues is an endeavor with potential to inform the design of evidence-based interventions aimed at reducing ideological extremism and fostering social understanding.
Toxic Neighborhoods: The Joint Effects of Concentrated Poverty and Environmental Lead Contamination on Cognitive Development during Early Childhood
Authors: Wodtke Geoffrey , Ramaj Sagi , Schachner Jared
Published: September 2020

Although socioeconomic disparities in cognitive ability emerge early in the life course, most research on the developmental consequences of living in a disadvantaged neighborhood focuses on school-age children or adolescents. In this study, we outline and test a theoretical model of neighborhood effects on cognitive development during early childhood that highlights the mediating role of environmental health hazards, and in particular, exposure to neurotoxic lead. To evaluate this model, we follow a cohort of 1,266 children in the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods from birth through the time of school entry, matching them at each survey wave with information on neighborhood composition and the areal risk of lead exposure. With these data, we then estimate the joint effects of neighborhood poverty and environmental lead contamination on receptive vocabulary ability. We find that sustained exposure to disadvantaged neighborhoods substantially reduces vocabulary ability during early childhood and that nearly all of this effect may operate through a causal mechanism involving lead contamination. These findings are robust to unobserved confounding and to the use of several alternative estimation strategies, which suggests that living in a disadvantaged neighborhood impedes early childhood development because it increases exposure to environmental toxins like lead.
Monitoring of Antibiotic Residues in Chicken Meat, Cow and Buffalo Milk Samples in Nepal
Authors: Gompo Tulsi Ram , Sapkota Ramchandra , Subedi Manita , Koirala Pragya , Koirala Pragya , Bhatta Diker Dev
Published: September 2020

In animal products, antibiotic residue is a serious concern for public health in the Himalayan nation, Nepal. A cross-sectional study on antibiotic residues in chicken meat, milk samples of cows, and buffaloes was conducted in selected districts of different provinces of Nepal. Altogether 126 chicken meat samples, 42 each from Kailali (Farwestern Province), Kaski (Gandaki Province), and Nuwakot (Bagmati Province) districts were tested for tetracycline, sulphonamides, penicillin, gentamicin, streptomycin residues by the ELISA method. At Kaski district approximately 57 % (24/42), 50 % (21/42) and 83% (35/42) of meat samples were tested positive for gentamicin (mean-ppb:11.5 μg/Kg/L), tetracycline (mean-ppb:1.44 μg/Kg/L), and fluoroquinolones (mean-ppb: 11.46 μg/ Kg/L) residues respectively. In Kailali and Nuwakot district, 48% (20/42) and 50 % (21/ 42) of meat samples deemed positive for sulphonamides (mean-ppb:15.9 μg/ Kg/L) and penicillin (mean-ppb: 0.39 μg/ Kg/L) residues, respectively. Of the total 168 tests performed in milk samples from Kavre district, 55% (93/168) of the milk samples were tested positive to antibiotic residues for gentamicin, streptomycin, and sulphonamides. The chicken meat samples had antibiotic residues within the national maximum residue limit (MRL); however, milk samples exceeded the national MRL for sulphonamides residues (mean-ppb: 26.44 μg/ Kg/L). The effective surveillance for antibiotic residues in animal products should be implemented strictly in Nepal.

Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(3): 355-362
Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera Frugiperda) in Maize: An Emerging Threat in Nepal and its Management
Authors: Kandel Santosh , Poudel Rakshya
Published: September 2020

Fall armyworm ((Spodoptera frugiperda) commonly known as FAW is polyphagous pest of maize with more than 85 host species. It is native to tropical and subtropical region of America. It has already been detected in India and reports from Nepal also suggests presence of FAW.  Due to Open broader between Nepal and India chance of spreading in Nepal is very high. Delay maturing hybrids and late planted maize crops are likely to be affected by this pest. It can cause serious leaf damage along with direct injury to the ear. Major damage is done by younger larvae. Larvae causes damage by consuming foliage. Terai and inner terai region are considered to be affected more as climatic condition of this region highly favors FAW. So, timely preventive and management practices should be done before it leads to havoc condition. Management of the pest can be done through many biological, chemical and cultural means. Quality seed, Avoidance of late planting, Push-pull technology can be adopted for management practices. Different biological agents have been identified for controlling FAW such as Bacillus thuringenesis (Bt), Baculovirus and Beauveria bassiana etc.  Chemicals like Methomyl, Methyl parathion, chlorpyrifos, malathion, permethrin are used to control the pest. However, use of chemical should be discouraged as it may affect soil fertility and natural enemy of FAW.

Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(3): 305-309
Chemical Characteristics of the Karmanasha River Water and Its Appropriateness for Irrigational Usage
Authors: Acharya Anueva , Sharma Motee Lal , Bishwakarma Kiran , Dahal Pragati , Chaudhari Satyam Kumar , Adhikari Barsha , Neupane Shristi , Pokhrel Badri Nath , Pant Ramesh Raj
Published: September 2020

Water is a prime natural resource and precious national asset and one of the chief constituents of the environment. The chemical characteristics play a key role in terms of ecological and economic perspectives in the river water. The characterization and evaluation of river water quality in the Karmanasha River is necessary due to its immense importance in the livelihood of the people in the core urban areas of Kathmandu valley, Nepal. In this study, the surface water samples were collected from 16 sites with a 0.5 km interval to characterize and evaluate the water quality mainly from the perspective of its irrigational usage. The assessment was carried out by applying electrical conductivity (EC), sodium percentage (Na%), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), permeability index (PI), Kelly’s ratio (KR), magnesium adsorption ratio (MAR), cation ratio of soil structural stability (CROSS), Wilcox diagram and water quality index (WQI) including the general hydrochemistry. The general hydrochemistry of river water indicates slightly alkaline in nature with mean pH value 8.07, and the dominance order of major ions follows the pattern of Ca2+>Mg2+>Na+>K+ for cations, and HCO3->Cl->NO3- for anions. Furthermore, the results revealed that the water is safe for irrigation purposes based on EC, Na%, SAR, KR, MAR, CROSS, and Wilcox diagram. The results also specified that no severe degradation in water, however, the low DO, and high BOD and COD values than that of the standard value prescribed by Nepal Drinking Water Quality Standard, signify the anthropogenic signature in the river water. This study provides the baseline information about the WQI and suitability of irrigation water quality, and further in-depth studies are required at spatiotemporal levels to get in-depth insights about the ecological health of the river.
Analisis Strategi SOAR Balai Diklat Aparatur Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan Menuju Corporate University
Authors: Fuadi Afnan Afnan
Published: September 2020

Government Training Institutions have very complex challenges and are required to produce quality human resources. In order to increase the capacity and quality of human resources in Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries, Apparatus Training Center of Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries has an important role in supporting the achievement of vision and mission and the application of the work culture values of the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries. One of the strategic step that can be taken by Apparatus Training Center of the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries is to transform into a Corporate University (CorpU). The purpose of this study is to analyze the strategy of Apparatus Training Center of Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries towards CorpU. This study use SOAR analysis by calculating the IFE-EFE matrix. Based on the result of SOAR analysis, Apparatus Training Center of Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries is in OA strategy quadrant which is to take advantage of existing opportunities to achieve the expected results by developing a Learning Management System that become a integration center of all knowledge and learning management adaot Apparatus Training Center of Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries
Peran Readiness for Change Mentality terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Kontrak Industri Alas Kaki
Authors: Gazali Gazali , Asbari Masduki , Novitasari Dewiana
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur pengaruh kepemimpinan transformasional terhadap kinerja karyawan paruh waktu pada salah satu industri alas kaki di Tangerang, yang dimediasi oleh mentalitas siap berubah. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik simple random samplingdan hasil kuesioner yang kembali dan valid adalah 149 sampel. Pemrosesan data menggunakan metode SEM dengan perangkat lunak SmartPLS 3.0. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kepemimpinan transformasional tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan, tetapi kepemimpinan transformasional berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kesiapan untuk berubah. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan juga bahwa kesiapan untuk perubahan memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap hubungan antara kepemimpinan transformasional dan kinerja karyawan. Mentalitas siap berubah sebagai mediator sepenuhnya. Penelitian baru ini mengusulkan sebuah model untuk membangun kinerja pegawai di antara karyawan paruh waktu dari industri alas kaki di Tangerang melalui peningkatan praktik kepemimpinan transformasional dengan mentalitas siap berubah sebagai mediator. Penelitian ini dapat membuka jalan untuk meningkatkan kesiapan karyawan paruh waktu dalam menghadapi era revolusi industri 4.0.
Composite indicators as an innovative methodology for Communication Sciences: implementation for the assessment of European public service media
Authors: Blasco-Blasco Olga , Rodríguez-Castro Marta , Túñez-López Miguel
Published: September 2020

The currently dominant scientific production model in the field of Communication exhibits an excess of standardization towards mainly empirical work that is overwhelming caried out using quantitative techniques based on simple statistical analyses, in many cases limiting the presentation of results to a reading of the available data. This article presents an innovative proposal in this area, designed as a new form of dissemination and scientific presentation, with the objective of constructing three composite indicators that, when applied to European public service media, will enable the assessment of the perception of their social value, independence, and management efficiency. Another aim of the study is to provide a comparative vision of these three aspects in all the countries of the European Union except Malta and Luxembourg. This methodology is innovative because it explains the process in detail and justifies the validity of the documentary sources that were used to facilitate its replication or questioning, and reinforces the discussion of the results obtained by evaluating the robustness of the indicators created, before determining which was the most appropriate and comparing the results with a multicriteria decision analysis technique, the Topsis method (technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution), proposed by Hwang and Yoon (1981). The results show that the synthetic indicators constitute an innovative, original, and validatable methodological tool that can contribute to the advancement of research in Communication.
Cómo comunicar una pandemia a la sociedad: la visión de los profesionales. Estudio de caso de la Covid-19 en el sur de Europa
Authors: Diviu-Miñarro Clàudia , Cortiñas-Rovira Sergi
Published: September 2020

Covid-19 has been the main focus of attention since it began spreading in December 2019. Scientific, political, and media actors have been overwhelmed by a wave of facts and data that has grown exponentially. Reporting on health crises is a challenge for scientific communicators and journalists, and spreading validated information from hospitals and research centers to society is not easy in a pandemic situation. To detail how the most important biomedical research centers in Barcelona have managed this situation to make information related to Covid-19 available to the population, a qualitative analysis of interviews carried out with communication experts at the studied research centers was carried out. The results show that the media have diverted their interest towards Covid-19, that there is a lot of pressure to publish articles, and that scientists have made a great effort to disseminate useful information. The study shows that health communicators are key players during a pandemic, that research centers need to focus on the digital age, and that more investment in communication is needed.

Resumen
La Covid-19 ha concentrado mucha atención desde diciembre de 2019, cuando empezó su propagación. Los actores científicos, políticos y mediáticos se han visto desbordados por una ola de hechos y datos que ha crecido diariamente. Informar sobre crisis sanitarias supone un reto para los comunicadores científicos y periodistas, y hacer llegar la información actualizada y validada desde los hospitales y centros de investigación a la sociedad no es fácil en situación de pandemia. El objetivo de este estudio es detallar cómo los centros de investigación biomédica más importantes de Barcelona, un hot point europeo de biomedicina, han gestionado la situación para hacer llegar la información relacionada con la Covid-19 a la población. Como metodología, se ha llevado a cabo un análisis cualitativo mediante entrevistas realizadas a los expertos de comunicación de los centros de investigación estudiados. Se ha evidenciado que los medios de comunicación han desviado su interés hacia la Covid-19, que hay mucha presión para publicar artículos y que los científicos se han volcado en la divulgación de la enfermedad. El estudio pone de manifiesto que los comunicadores científicos son piezas clave durante una pandemia, que los centros de investigación tienen que enfocarse en la era digital y encontrar nuevas formas para trasladar la información científica a la sociedad de manera más entendible, y que se necesita más inversión en comunicación por parte de los gobiernos. La conclusión más general que remarcan los expertos es que hay cambios que han llegado para quedarse.
Experience in the Use of Scripting Languages in Distance Learning: Advantages and Disadvantages
Authors: Budanov Pavel Valerievich , Musaeva Natavan Zakir kyzy , Budanov Anatoliy Valerevich
Published: September 2020

The article is devoted to the consideration of scripting languages (scripts) used in distance learning. The aim of the research is to assess the satisfaction of distance learning (DL) participants and identify the advantages and disadvantages of the main platforms using scripting languages.
Research methods. In the article, based on 3 years of experience in using tools for DL, the positive and negative aspects of the use of various scripting languages (scripts) for organizing distance learning and teleconferences are reviewed. The sample size is represented by a three-year period, during which 5,712 teleconferences were held. The questionnaire responses of 2500 participants were analyzed. The sections of the assessment dealt with the satisfaction of the DL participants and the functionality of the script tools.
Results. The majority of participants were satisfied with the use of BigBlue Point, Jitsi, Zoom systems. The interviewees indicated the need for registration (49%) and the mandatory download of the application (42%) as the main shortcomings.
It is concluded that absolutely reliable criteria for choosing a platform, which is associated with a large number of specific factors and tasks, have not been identified. It is emphasized that creation of domestic products seems to be a promising area of activity for developers.
Methodological Typology of Grammar Content of German as a Minor Language With English as a Major Language
Authors: Glumova Elena Petrovna , Sukhareva Valeria Aleksandrovna
Published: September 2020

The article under consideration addresses problems of teaching grammar (with German as a minor language and English as a major language) in modern Russian schools.
Method of research. In order to solve the problems, the authors propose a methodological typology of the content of teaching grammar in 5th grade with English as a major language on the basis of training and methodology complex “Horisonte”, taking into account the difficulties in mastering grammatical material. This typology was created using the following methods: analysis (during looking for the content), synthesis (at the stage of creating a grammatical typology of the German based on English) and forming of hypotheses (in results of the research).
Result of the research. As a result of grammatical typology, the grammatical units for the 5th grade in “Spotlight” Student’s book are divided into three unequal groups. This fact simplifies the perception of the material by pupils during the intensification of the educational process and helps to build the educational process so that both languages studied by pupils are mastered at the proper level and using an intercultural approach.
Conclusions. The importance of the research lies in forming system of German as a minor language for learning it in Russian schools and in the even distribution of power and time while teaching German as a minor language.
Some Aspects of Pedagogical Education Establishment in Russia in the First Half of the XIX Century
Authors: Pozdnyakov Aleksandr Nikolaevich
Published: September 2020

The purpose of the article is to review some aspects of pedagogical education establishment in Russia in the first half of the 19th century. The author outlines that the period of the reign of Emperor Alexander I was characterized by a large-scale educational reform, the purpose of which was to create a single multi-level education system. Its implementation required a large number of teachers. It is emphasized that the solution of the problem of training teachers for gymnasiums was entrusted to the universities. Gymnasium, in turn, had to prepare teachers for primary schools.
During the study the following methods and materials were used: analysis of documentary sources, assessments on the development of Russian education, published in the second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries.
It is concluded that state structures attached great importance to the system of pedagogical education. Measures on training teachers for secondary and primary schools were taken. It is pointed out that the most important place has begun to be occupied by activities related to the training of teachers for the primary public education system. The existing system of pedagogical education was developed during the reign of Nicholas I. Its most important component was the Main Pedagogical Institute established in Saint Petersburg.
The Use of Information and Communication Technologies in Teaching Economics to Students in Basic School
Authors: Vasilenko Timofey Andreevich
Published: September 2020

The author of the article outlines that the problem of teaching methods is one of the most important in pedagogical science and practice of school teaching, since teaching methods are the main tools with which a tutor teaches the basics of science to students, develops their cognitive abilities, ensures personal development and forms a scientific worldview. The article formulates the role of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the educational process. The pedagogical experiment of using ICT in teaching economics to primary school children is described.
The purpose of the research is to form economic knowledge in primary school children using information and communication technologies.
Method of research. The following methods were used in the study: comparison, analysis, observation and experiment. The experiment was conducted among 24 schoolchildren who were divided into a control and experimental group. A variety of ICTs were used: an interactive whiteboard, reference and multimedia Internet resources, social networks, various messengers, presentations made in the Microsoft Power Point program, as well as using the Prezi service.
Research result. In the control group, the average level of economic knowledge increased by more than 40%. The number of schoolchildren with an average and high level of economic knowledge in the experimental group increased by 3 and 2.5 times.
Conclusions are made about the possibility of using ICT in teaching economics to school children.
Music Education in Krasnoyarsk as a Resource Factor for Building the Civic Solidarity: The Situation by the Outbreak of the War
Authors: Kolpakova Yulia Andreevna , Shutova Nina Petrovna
Published: September 2020

The purpose of the study is a comprehensive analytical review of various sources that reveal the role of music in Krasnoyarsk by the outbreak of the war.
A hypothesis: interdependence of cultural and social events and their mutual influence during a period of increased social tension could be observed.
Methods. During the study the following research methods were applied: cultural-historical, axiological, continuous sampling, descriptive methods and elements of statistical research. Materials published on the pages of the Krasnoyarsk periodicals for 1937–1941, as well as scientific works about music education and music culture by various outstanding scientists were used.
Results. It was proved that music education by the outbreak of the war is considered a foundation for the realization of ideological and educational purposes. And it is also outlined that The Great Patriotic War set new challenges in the cultural life of the Krasnoyarsk Territory in general and Krasnoyarsk in particular.
It is concluded that music education is considered a resource for the national solidarity building. Due to such a strong foundation, music education at the beginning of the war was able to fulfil an ideological function while concert musical activities were used as a tool for creating of civic identity.
Hanoi Students’ Copping With COVID-19
Authors: Hoang Trung Hoc
Published: September 2020

The article is devoted to the consideration of COVID-19 that is a dangerous pandemic in the world, broke out in late December 2019 in Wuhan, China. It is outlined that the prevention of the spread of COVID-19 greatly depends on the consciousness of population, including students studying in Universities in Hanoi.
The aim of the study is to find out the characteristics of students’ reaction in Hanoi to the COVID-19 pandemic in three aspects: awareness, emotions and action.
Methods. During the study the following methods were used: a survey method to determine the characteristics of students' copping with COVID-19. 395 University students were interviewed. Among them students studying at the National Academy for Educational Management; University of Social Sciences and Humanities; Hanoi Polytechnic University; Hanoi State Pedagogical University. The survey results are listed using the SPSS statistical program.
The research results show that the students of universities in Hanoi have a proper awareness, appropriate response in disease conditions, expressed in cognitive, emotional and behavioral aspects. Besides, some students still have subjective expressions, excessive anxiety and negative response behaviors. The results of study show important psychological bases, establish meaningful experiences to develop effective prevention and control copping strategies for COVID-19 and the pandemics like COVID-19 in future.