bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PECULIARITIES OF PUBLIC PROCUREMENT DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION
Authors: Yurii Eduard , Yuziuk Viktoriia
Published: August 2021

The article examines the features of public procurement in Ukraine and their compliance with EU standards, the factors that affect their effectiveness. The problems of tender purchases that exist in Ukraine during the process are considered. The changes that took place in the implementation of procurement after the introduction in 2020 of a new version of the Law of Ukraine "On Public Procurement" are assessed. A detailed description of Poland's experience in public procurement is provided. The number and types of contracts concluded during procurement are analyzed. The main existing shortcomings in the field of public procurement, ways to solve and improve them are considered. The key EU rules on public procurement to be used in Ukraine have been identified. It was established that it is important to bring the mechanism of public procurement in Ukraine closer to the EU requirements, which will allow our country to raise the issue of joining this organization in the future. The purpose of the article is to analyze the features and problems of public procurement in Ukraine and find ways to overcome them. The main task of reforming the sphere of public finances in our country is to introduce an effective mechanism for the use of public procurement in accordance with the principles and approaches applied by EU countries, which should ensure financial efficiency and transparency of the procurement procedure. Public procurement is one of the tools to regulate supply and demand for specific publications. To increase the transparency and efficiency of use in our country, it is necessary to study the experience of EU member states, especially Poland. Analysis of the experience of public procurement in the EU will be able to identify effective approaches to their implementation in Ukraine, thanks to the main tasks of public procurement reform in our country will introduce an effective system in accordance with the principles and approaches used by EU countries. It is necessary to investigate the change that has taken place in public procurement after the introduction in 2020 of a new version of the Law of Ukraine "On Public Procurement", there are both positive and negative aspects that are due to the existence of corruption schemes in tenders.
BUDGETING AS A TOOL FOR RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN THE ACCOUNTING SYSTEM OF THE ENTERPRISE
Authors: Pasenko Victoria , Pasternak Yaroslava
Published: August 2021

A modern enterprise management system is impossible without the development and implementation of planned indicators, it should be based on the budget planning and the achievement of budgets realized within the budgeting. The approaches of scientists about the "budgeting" definition were considered in the article and they found that in the modern scientific literature this concept is considered firstly as a process, secondly, as a technology and thirdly, as planning. Therefore, the existing system of enterprise budgeting is aimed not only at the development and implementation of budgets, it permeates all stages of enterprise management. Also it has a significant impact on the organization of accounting, analysis and control, the proper functioning of which depends on the effectiveness of management decisions and the stable development of the enterprise as a whole. Completed researches have shown that the budgeting is used as a tool for managing enterprise resources, debt capital, as well as a tool of internal accounting, control and analysis. The following types of budgets should be developed in the company that are directly related to resource management and debt capital: capital (investment) budget, procurement budget, production budget, inventory budget of finished products, cash flow budget, cash income budget, credit budget, cash budget. No less important place in the enterprise management system is budgeting as a tool of internal accounting, control and analysis. An accounting of budget execution is appointed to reflect the results of individual services, departments, workshops, brigades and the costs incurred by them for the relevant period. Control over the execution of budgets provides verification and evaluation of the results of the operation of various budgeting subsystems. The analysis of budget execution should be understood as a set of methods for comparing the actual budget execution with the planned indicators for a certain period and identifying the factors and reasons that led to their non-execution. Thus, budgeting as a tool of resource management and debt capital of the enterprise involves the formation of plans and budgets for future operations that makes it possible to anticipate problems and make management decisions to eliminate them. Therefore, the introduction of a budgeting system is an objective necessity that has its advantages and contributes to the effectiveness of resource management of the enterprise, increasing its competitiveness and efficiency.
FACTORS INFLUENCING INVESTMENT STRATEGIES OF MNE IN MODERN CONDITIONS
Authors: Lytvynenko Natalia , Shtogrin Kyryl
Published: August 2021

Factors influencing investment strategies of multinational enterprises are identified, particularly factors of COVID-19 pandemic, geopolitical stability, and national security. It is revealed that COVID-19 pandemic forces multinational enterprises to transform approaches to investment strategies towards stabilization and diversification of supply chains, robotization of production. It is determined that due to the need to comply with safe working conditions, investment in robotics development become an integral part of investment strategies. It has been determined that the offshoring strategy in the conditions of sustainability of trade and production relations has proved its effectiveness in reducing costs. However, during pandemic or trade war, the offshore strategy is less effective. Prospects of future development of investment strategies are determined, namely reshoring, diversification, regionalization, and replication. It is determined that due to the increase in the level of risks; new investment projects “from scratch” become less attractive. It is determined that multinational enterprises do not want to move production capacities, as it requires significant investments and losses from the relocation of production. It is revealed that geopolitical conflicts may transform investment strategies, stimulating relocation of production, such as reshoring and nearshoring. It has been determined that reshoring and nearshoring do not necessarily increase the stability of supply chains. It is determined that the import of industrial products from China to the USA is declining for several years in a row, and there is a shift of production from China to other countries. It is determined that the strategy of reindustrialization do not necessarily contribute to the growth of industrial production in the United States. It is determined that within the USA there are several problems concerning reindustrialization, including low return on investment in robotization of production and lack of qualified personnel. It is determined that the factor of national security becomes more important for the investment strategies of multinational enterprises in the conditions of unfolding economic contradictions.
CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF THE COLLAPSE OF PURCHASING ABILITY OF INCOMES OF THE UKRAINIAN POPULATION
Authors: Glubish Lesya
Published: August 2021

The article presents the author's own vision of the reasons for the destruction of the purchasing power of the income of the population of Ukraine and the interpretation of their consequences. The general parameters of the standard of living in Ukraine, which allowed to explain the reasons for the difference between the growth rate of wages and pensions. Assessing consumer potential, attention is paid to the importance of creating favourable conditions for the growth of consumer passive income in a high level of societies’ informatization. The author's attention is focused on establishing the macroeconomics' nature of the disparity destruction of the purchasing power of the Ukrainian consumer. Emphasis is placed on the devaluations’ causes of the Ukrainian national currency in particular on the flaws in monetary policy, which, combined with the imbalance of export-import operations, had a negative impact on the dynamics of consumer sentiment and led to the cutback of economic activity. An important place is given to the identification of factors that provoke rising food prices, destructively affecting domestic demand. An attempt is made to analyse the consumer potential of the domestic food market by symbiosis economic and social constraints in terms of combining differences in the structure of income by age groups, which form the corresponding variations in the structure of its consumer demand. The elasticity of food product demand in the conditions of devaluation of the national currency is investigated. Emphasis is placed on the flaws in Ukrainian economic policy that make the inflation deeper. The study of the causes of inflation was carried out through the prism of miscalculations in domestic fiscal policy, globalization of food markets and the low level of the economic freedom of the national economy from corruption. Based on the obtained results, conclusions were made on economic losses, justified from the standpoint of tripartite market interaction: for the consumer – reducing the economic affordability of food products; for the producers – in the profitability; for the government – in budget revenues.
КОМПЛЕКСНА ОПТИМІЗАЦІЯ ПРОЦЕСУ ФРЕЗЕРУВАННЯ НА ВЕРСТАТАХ ІЗ ЧПК
Authors: Globa O.V. , Vysloukh S.P. , Ivanenko R.O.
Published: August 2021

У статті розглянуто сутність методу комплексної оптимізації, наводить- ся алгоритм визначення оптимальної геометрії інструменту, режимів різання і траєкторії руху інструменту. Наводиться експериментальне підтвердження коректності математичної моделі. Стаття присвячена створенню методики автоматизованого розрахунку оптимальних режимів фрезерування криволінійних поверхонь на верстатах із ЧПК з урахуванням різних умов різання, що забезпе- чують максимальну продуктивність або мінімальну собівартість обробки. Роз- роблена методика використовується в промисловості у вигляді системи автома- тизованого розрахунку оптимальних режимів фрезерування поверхонь кінцевими фрезами. Застосування результатів досліджень дало змогу підвищити продук- тивність обробки деталей на фрезерних верстатах із ЧПК, підвищити точність обробки, скоротити час налагодження керуючих програм на верстаті. Метод комплексної оптимізації є оптимальним із позиції витрат часу на обчислення, він дає змогу знайти глобальний екстремум функції на базі спільного використан- ня методів структурної і параметричної оптимізації в процесі вирішення задачі нелінійного програмування. Застосування запропонованого методу комплексної оптимізації процесу кінцевого фрезерування дає змогу отримати оптимальні режими різання з наявних значень на металорізальному верстаті, побудувати оптимальну траєкторію руху різального інструменту в складному геометрич- ному контурі, вибрати оптимальну чорнову і чистову фрезу і їх радіуси заточки. Вибір різального інструмента і визначення оптимального варіанту обробки на основі мінімізації тривалості процесу обробки за допомогою запропонованого алгоритму, реалізованого на верстатах із ЧПК, дає змогу підвищити загальну продуктивність виготовлення деталі в середньому до 10–15%.
СУЧАСНА МЕТОДИКА ОЦІНКИ РІВНЯ БЕЗПЕКИ СУДНА ТА ШЛЯХИ ЙОГО ПІДВИЩЕННЯ
Authors: Melnyk O.M. , Bychkovsky Yu.V.
Published: August 2021

Вступ. Безпека на транспорті є основним пріоритетом, не виняток також сфера торговельного мореплавства. Забезпечення безпеки судноплавства завжди було серед актуальних питань, яким приділяється підвищена увага. Серед при- чин, що зумовлюють виникнення аварійних ситуацій на флоті та мають безпо- середній вплив на показники статистичних даних з аварійності та загибелі суден окреме місце займає людський фактор. На морське судно в процесі експлуатації як об’єкт безпеки мореплавства цей чинник має істотний вплив. Мета. Мета статті полягає в дослідженні поняття «безпека судна», визначення складників людського фактора, його впливу на показники аварійності світового флоту, вста- новлення сукупності факторів, що формують людський фактор, його значення для безпеки мореплавства та шляхи її підвищення. Результати. У роботі розгля- даються теоретичні аспекти поняття безпеки судна, сформульовано визначен- ня людського елементу та сукупність факторів, що спряють його формуванню. Запропоновано авторський підхід щодо врахування людського фактора в оцінці ризиків. Висновки. У результаті дослідження було визначено основні фактори, що становлять загрозу безпеці судна, проаналізовано нормативні документи та принципи їх застосування щодо забезпечення моніторингу безпеки судна. Визна- чено складники впливу на людський елемент та індивідуальні фактори людського чинника. Представлені результати експерименту щодо рівня обізнаності членів плавскладу стосовно людського фактора.
АНАЛІЗ ВПЛИВУ ГЕОПОЛІТИЧНИХ ПОДІЙ НА ЕКОНОМІЧНУ ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ СУДНА
Authors: Pizintsali L.V. , Shumylo O.M. , Aleksandrovska N.I. , Rossomakha O.I. , Rossomakha O.A. , Rabocha T.V.
Published: August 2021

Вступ. Стрімкий розвиток світової економіки в останні десятиліття призвівдо значного скорочення життєвого циклу (ЖЦ) складних технічних систем, насам-перед морських суден. Нині в умовах широкого використання системного аналізу втеорії і практиці управління складною, багатокомпонентною системою, якою єсудно, виникають проблеми, пов’язані не тільки з властивостями складових час-тин судна, але і з закономірностями функціонування судна загалом – проблемамизабезпечення та управління ЖЦ судна. Як основна модель під час вирішення задачпідвищення ефективності експлуатації суден зазвичай використовується модельвизначення вартості ЖЦ судна. Використання цієї моделі необхідне для вирішення значного кола задач. Однак у зв’язку із значною тривалістю ЖЦ невизначеністьпараметрів моделі дуже висока, що призводить до значних похибок в розрахункуповної вартості. Запроваджене дослідження націлене на аналіз впливу геополітич-них подій на вартість основної експлуатаційної витрати моделі – вартість палива.Метою дослідження є аналіз впливу геополітичних подій на вартість осно-вної експлуатаційної витрати моделі вартості ЖЦ судна – вартість палива.Результати. У роботі проведено аналіз впливу геополітичних подій у світі навартість основної експлуатаційної характеристики ЖЦ суден – паливо-мастиль-них матеріалів. Основною метою оцінки впливу є уявлення на основі об’єктивнихподій та інформації, необхідних для прийняття обґрунтованого рішення щодопроведення аналізу впливу. Оцінка впливу може бути виконана з різним ступенемглибини і деталізації з використанням статистичних методів.Висновки. У роботі проведено аналіз впливу геополітичних подій за останні50 років та перші три місяці 2021 року на ціну палива, що є основною експлуата-ційною складовою частиною вартості ЖЦ судна.
МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ТА АНАЛІЗ ТРАНСПОРТНОЇ ЕНЕРГОЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ АВТОПОЇЗДІВ
Authors: Khabutdinov R.A. , Kostiuk T.O.
Published: August 2021

Автопоїзди, що використовуються для виконання міжнародних вантажнихперевезень, нині являють собою широкий модельний ряд автомобільної техніки,який постійно оновлюється і до якого висувається низка вимог (ресурсозбережен-ня, екологічність, паливна економічність тощо). У процесі обґрунтування оновлен-ня парку автопоїздів необхідно враховувати велику різноманітність їх конструк-тивних параметрів та широкий діапазон дорожніх умов перевезень. До того ждуже капіталоємний, наукоємний процес оновлення парку має відповідати кон-цептуальній ідеї інноваційного і експлуатаційно-технологічного енерго- і ресур-созбереження (ІЕТЕРЗ) на автотранспорті. Наявні методи аналізу ефективностіта вибору рухомого складу, які використовуються для вирішення задач організаціїміжнародних автомобільних перевезень, не забезпечують технологічно-інновацій-ні проєкти транспортних процесів і не відповідають концепції ІЕТЕРЗ, тому щовони базуються на розрахункових схемах віртуального транспортування ванта-жів і пасажирів. Крім того, в цих схемах враховуються нематеріальні вимірювачірезультатів перевезень – тоннокілометр або пасажирокілометр. Тому для подо-лання вказаних принципових недоліків наявної теорії організації автомобільнихперевезень і забезпечення концептуального підходу до оновлення парку автопоїздіввикористані принципи, розрахункові схеми і математичні моделі теорії енерго-ресурсної ефективності автомобіля узагальненого типу і технологічних процесівавтомобільних перевезень (ЕРЕАТПАП), яка розроблена на кафедрі транспортнихтехнологій Національного транспортного університету.У статті показані результати моделювання та аналізу впливу зміни деякихконструктивних параметрів автопоїзда як ресурсно-технічного засобу тран-спортного виробництва на його транспортну енергоефективність, а такожвиявлена перспективність практичної реалізації на автотранспорті концепту-альної ідеї інноваційного і експлуатаційно-технологічного енерго- і ресурсозбереження (ІЕТЕРЗ), яка може бути використана для обґрунтування оновлення паркурухомого складу.Метою роботи є представлення результатів проведення моделювання таотримання кількісних характеристики впливу зміни деяких конструктивнихпараметрів автопоїзда на показник його транспортної енергоефективності.Результати статті можуть бути впроваджені в міжнародних транспортних компаніях, що здійснюють перевезення вантажів.
TEACHERS’ PEDAGOGICAL ACTIONS AFFECTING THE MORAL DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONALITY
Authors: Jevtić Bisera
Published: August 2021

The methodology of pedagogical actions within the process of moral education of personality is a part of basic, theoretical and empirical researches in pedagogy. When it is referred to moral training, it is primarily referred to the moral aspect of pedagogical actions affecting the development of personality - the formation of moral awareness as a characteristic of a certain individual’s values. Moral education of personality refers to the moral behaviour and action, the formation of attitudes and the development of moral reasonable interests, the introduction to the moral norms and demands, as well as the process of development of a personality’s moral traits. Moral capacity is expressed through the evaluation of moral acts and through moral action while being in accordance with intellectual capability and developmental logic. The educational role of school can be discussed in general or in a more specific way, depending on the extent up to which the school can contribute to the process of moralisation of individuals and the accomplishment of tasks of moral education. Primary and secondary schools in Serbia do not have moral education as a separate subject, but the curriculum sets certain specific tasks which should be accomplished through classes and all extracurricular activities. In accordance with that, this paper focuses on the problematisation of analysing the role of a teacher in moral education and personality development, as well as the analysis of the attitudes of teachers about the necessity of a separate subject or, at least, a “hidden curriculum” in schools which would refer to moral education. The factorisation of measurement variables shows that the awareness of teachers about techniques and methods of moral education and learning should be heightened, which provides a good direction towards a new research. The obtained results have helped us clarify the general problematisation of moral education, and it is believed that they will contribute to overcoming and advancing the existing situation of the school system in Serbia.
Key words: curriculum, moral education, methodology of moral training, moral judgement, pedagogical action.
THE ROLE OF PARENTAL INFLUENCES ON THE ECONOMIC SOCIALIZATION OF CHILDREN
Authors: Kołodziej Sabina , Lato Katarzyna , Szymańska Magdalena
Published: August 2021

Knowledge and understanding of basic economic concepts is crucial for the future orientation of children in a world of economy and influences taken in this sphere behaviors. Therefore, the aim of formal and informal economic education is to prepare young people to make independent and smart decisions regarding his or her financial resources. Nowadays, children earlier and earlier begin activity on the market, thus the economic knowledge role increases. Article presents two studies analyzing the relation between parents behaviors and children economic knowledge, understanding of market mechanisms and their decisions regarding money. Study 1 focused on parents informal education activities in the sphere of economics. The research covered a group of 100 respondents (50 pairs – parent and a child) and used questionnaires (separately for children and parents) on parents activity in the sphere of economic socialization. As a second part of the study children solved the Basic Economic Test (Walstad & Robson, 1990) designed to measure the level of economic knowledge among school-aged children. The study 2 analyzed the relations between parents activity connected with economic socialization and children economic knowledge as well as behaviors related to saving, borrowing, lending and repayment of one’s debt. In this study a group of 52 children took part and filled in a questionnaire on their economic knowledge and behaviors as well as their parents activities concerning economic socialization. Study 1 showed a positive correlation between parents informal education activity in the field of economics and the economic knowledge level of children. Study 2 showed higher levels of economic knowledge and more frequent attempts to earn money among children who receive pocket money. Results of both studies showed that the level of economic knowledge among children whose parents give them pocket money, explain economic issues and talk with children about planning household budget is significantly higher that among children who are not animated by parents. Moreover, parents activity in this field plays a vital role in shaping children’s first economic activities. Key words: children, economic education, economic knowledge, parents, pocket money.
RESEARCHING PRACTICE AND COLLABORATION AS A MEANS TO PROMOTE INQUIRY IN SCIENCE TEACHING
Authors: Baptista Monica
Published: August 2021

We live in a very complex and ever changing society, which requires from its citizens a continuous involvement in decision-making and continuous learning. The issues that were exclusive experts’ responsibility today are brought to public, thus requiring the society active participation. Hence it is crucial that each citizen is informed, in order to be critical and adopt an intervening and sustained stance. Therefore, improving scientific literacy is a current concern of our times, considering the overall contradictory scenario. On the whole, it is recognized that fully participating in today’s society requires an understanding of science and scientific activity. Nevertheless, several studies show that scientific literacy levels, within the general population and among students, are not as high as would be expectable. So, to improve students’ scientific literacy levels is the main goal of science education research. But what learning situations can be created to improve students’ scientific literacy? Recently, a number of studies pointed out inquiry as one possible learning situation. But then the main question is: why inquiry? Inquiry emphasizes the development of scientific and procedural knowledge, as well as other relevant competencies (e. g. reasoning, communication and attitudes) and puts students in the centre of their learning. It engages students in different situations, namely in identifying problems, formulating hypotheses, researching in books and other sources of information, planning investigations, collecting and interpreting data, reviewing what they know about the experience, connecting explanations to scientific knowledge, reporting results, arguing with basis on evidences, and communicating (NRC, 2000) – all crucial competencies to foster scientific literacy.
TABLETS AS LEARNING SUPPORT IN SPECIAL SCHOOLS
Authors: Karlsudd Peter
Published: August 2021

Within special education research, ICT has occupied a relatively small space, especially when it comes to implementation and pupils’ learning effects. Few studies emphasize how ICT can promote a learning environment for pupils with cognitive disadvantages. The studies conducted in Sweden are about children and young people with physical rather than cognitive disabilities. Against this background and with the view to find new ways of learning for special school pupils the present research started. The overall aim was to increase pupil participation and promote learning in special schools by means of tablets.
The research project involved researchers, teachers and student assistants in research circles, a method that can in many respects be compared with action research. Three special schools, two middle schools and one high school participated in the research project in which teachers and pupils were given Tablets. The data were using four different methods: Interview, Observation, Questionnaire and Essays.
The data were tested against Professor Englund’s theory of Educational Philosophies. The theory has been a valuable tool for measuring and discussing how the discourse of change has occurred. The results show improved skills and a clear declaration of intent of staff to work in a reconstructive direction.
Key words: tablets, special schools, education, learning.
HUMAN RIGHTS EDUCATION: AN ANALYSING STUDY OF THE PROGRAMS OF STUDY OF GREEK PEDAGOGICAL DEPARTMENTS
Authors: Pitsou Charikleia , Balias Stathis
Published: August 2021

The United Nations (UN) declared 1995-2004 the Decade for Human Rights Education (HRE); as a follow-up, a HRE World Program (2005-2009) was initiated, aiming at the support and development of sustainable national strategies and programs in HRE. Many higher education institutions and universities seized upon the opportunity and infused their curricula with the philosophy and principles of HRE. HRE is a type of education that promotes training, dissemination, and information efforts aiming at building a universal culture of human rights (HR) by imparting knowledge and skills and shaping attitudes. This paper presents a thorough quantitative content analysis of a descriptive assessment of HRE in all Greek Pedagogical Departments’ (GPD) Undergraduate Programs of Study (PS), where future Primary School Teachers (PST) and Preschool Educators (PE) are educated. A review of course titles and descriptions of the 19 PS of GPD was conducted to identify HR content. The results suggest that HR content is present in a variety of GPD courses. It is especially evident in 17 courses. The question arising and discussed is whether the attendance of such courses can lead to a robust and consistent implementation of HRE. Recommendations for further development of HRE in Pedagogical Departments (PD) are provided.
Key words: Greek pedagogical departments, human rights education, programs of study, training of primary school teachers and preschool educators.
Lake Chad: Fluctuating Water Level and Its Implications for People’s Livelihood in the Area
Authors: Abbas Asiru Monday , Amanabo Unekwu Hadiza
Published: August 2021

This study assessed the fluctuating water level of Lake Chad and its consequences on the livelihood of people that depend on it. In terms of depth, Lake Chad is very shallow which makes it vulnerable to climate change and human activities. The study opined that continuous reduction in the volume of water of the lake will lead to negative effects such as forceful migration, resource-induced conflict, loss of biodiversity etc. Insurgency spear-headed by Nigeria based terrorist organization, “Boko Haram”, has killed many people including farmers and fishermen in the riparian countries of Nigeria, Niger, Chad and Cameroun and this has led to a decline in agricultural activities around the Lake Chad area making many to depend on food aid for their survival. The insurrectional activity of the terrorist group around the Lake Chad area also makes trade between communities extremely difficult as they are known to have attacked and killed people inside market. It is recommended that measures such as livelihood diversification through technology, creation of protected area, improved agricultural practices etc. should be adopted to reduce pressure on the lake and its resources.
The Dhaka University Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Vol. 9(2), 2020, P 1-8
Fenomena Penggunaan Uang Elektronik bagi Konsumen Muslim
Authors: Anggreini Dewi Ulfah , Qomar Moh. Nurul
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji lebih dalam perilaku konsumen muslim dalam menggunakan uang elektronik. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode fenomenologi, di mana sumber data primer didapatkan melalui wawancara terstruktur yang dikumpulkan dari 17 konsumen muslim, yang terdiri dari 15 pengguna uang elektronik di Indomaret Klaling dan 2 karyawan Indomaret Klaling. Adapun temuan penelitian bahwa penggunaan uang elektronik oleh konsumen semakin diminatinya karena faktor kemudahan dan manfaatnya sehingga volume transaksi uang elektronik meningkat. Partisipan memandang penggunaan uang elektronik sebagai alat transaksi sesuai dengan prinsip ekonomi Islam. Di mana manfaat yang diberikan sesuai dengan prinsip maslahat, prinsip keamanan yang sesuai dengan prinsip menjaga harta, dan tidak menggunakan sistem ribawi. Dari sinilah partisipan muslim menganggap bahwa uang elektronik baik konvensional maupun dengan layanan syariah sama dan seimbang sehingga minat mereka dalam menggunakan uang elektronik layanan syariah pun minim.
“Kur’an’ın Şiî Yorumu - Ebû Ca’fer Et-Tûsî Örneği” Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme Yazar: Recep Demir, (Ankara: Araştırma Yayınları, Ağustos 2019, 1. Baskı, 346 sayfa.)
Authors: İPCİ Merve
Published: August 2021

Ebû Ca’fer Et-Tûsî tarafından tefsir alanında telif edilen ve İmamiyye Şiası için temel kaynak kabul edilen et-Tıbyân fî Tefsîri’l Kur’ân adlı eserin ehemmiyetine binaen birkaç araş-tırma dışında herhangi bir çalışma yapılmamıştır. Bu makalede; Recep Demir’in, bu alandaki boşluğu doldurabilme amacına yönelik ele aldığı Kur’an’ın Şiî Yorumu - Ebû Ca’fer Et-Tûsî Örneği adlı kitabında konuya dair izlediği yöntem çerçevesinde ortaya koyduğu tespitlerden hareketle, eserinin tanıtılması amaçlanmaktadır.
Barriers in Systemic Delivery and Preclinical Testing of Synthetic microRNAs in Animal Models: an Experimental Study on miR-215-5p Mimic
Authors: MACHACKOVA T , VYCHYTILOVA-FALTEJSKOVA P , SOUCKOVA K , LAGA R , ANDROVIČ L , MIXOVÁ G , SLABY O
Published: August 2021

Mus musculus is the most commonly used animal model in microRNA research; however, little is known about the endogenous miRNome of the animals used in the miRNA-targeting preclinical studies with the human xenografts. In the presented study, we evaluated the NOD/SCID gamma mouse model for the preclinical study of systemic miR-215-5p substitution with a semitelechelic poly[N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-methacrylamide]-based carrier conjugated with miR-215-5p-mimic via a reductively degradable disulfide bond. Murine mmu-miR-215-5p and human hsa-miR-215-5p have a high homology of mature sequences with only one nucleotide substitution. Due to the high homology of hsa-miR-215-5p and mmu-hsa-miR-215-5p, a similar expression in human and NOD/SCID gamma mice was expected. Expression of mmu-miR-215 in murine organs did not indicate tissue-specific expression and was highly expressed in all examined tissues. All animals included in the study showed a significantly higher concentration of miR-215-5p in the blood plasma compared to human blood plasma, where miR-215-5p is on the verge of a reliable detection limit. However, circulating mmu-miR-215-5p did not enter the human xenograft tumors generated with colorectal cancer cell lines since the levels of miR-215-5p in control tumors remained notably lower compared to those originally transfected with miR-215-5p. Finally, the systemic administration of polymer-miR-215-5p-mimic conjugate to the tail vein did not increase miR-215-5p in NOD/SCID gamma mouse blood plasma, organs, and subcutaneous tumors. It was impossible to distinguish hsa-miR-215-5p and mmu-miR-215-5p in the murine blood and organs due to the high expression of endogenous mmu-miR-215-5p. In conclusion, the examination of endogenous tissue and circulating miRNome of an experimental animal model of choice might be necessary for future miRNA studies focused on the systemic delivery of miRNA-based drugs conducted in the animal models.
Effects of H3 and H4 Histones Acetylation and Bindings of CREB Binding Protein and p300 at the Promoter on Hepatic Expression of γ-glutamyltransferase Gene in a Streptozotocin-Induced Moderate Hypoinsulinemic Rat Model
Authors: TANAKA T , MIZUNO T , NAKAGAWA T , HAYAKAWA T , SHIMADA M
Published: August 2021

Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), a marker of liver disease, has been shown to be associated with increased risk of diabetes and relative insulin secretion deficiency. However, the mechanism of hepatic Ggt regulation has not been explored fully. In this study, we made a concerted effort to understand the mechanism by investigating the effects of acetylation of histones H3 and H4, and bindings of histone acetyltransferases, CREB binding protein (CBP) and p300, at the Ggt promoter on the regulation of the expression of Ggt gene in the livers of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced moderate hypoinsulinemia rat model. The rats treated with STZ showed remarkably higher serum GGT level and hepatic Ggt/GGT expression than the untreated control rats. Furthermore, the acetylation of histones H3 and H4, and the binding of CBP not p300 at the Ggt promoter regions were significantly higher in the livers of STZ rats than those of the control rats. These results suggest that an enhanced hepatic expression of Ggt is associated with increased acetylation of histones H3 and H4 and CBP binding at the Ggt promoter in STZ-induced moderate hypoinsulinemic rats.
Obsesif Kompulsif Bozukluk ve Araknoid Kist : Bir Olgu Sunumu
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Fatih , HOCAOGLU Cicek
Published: August 2021

Araknoid kistler araknoid membrandan kaynaklanan benign yer kaplayıcı lezyonlardır. Çoğu konjenitaldir ve çocukluk döneminde rastantısal olarak tanı alır. Klinikte hiç semptom vermeyebileceği gibi çok çeşitli nöropsikiyatrik semptomlarla birlikte olabilir. Bu çalışmada psikiyatri kliniğimize son günlerde artan ajitasyon, uykusuzluk, işitsel ve taktil varsanılar nedeniyle yakınları tarafından getirilen; yapılan görüşmelerde şüphe obsesyonları ve kontrol etme kompulsiyonları olduğu fark edilen, kranial görüntülemesinde araknoid kist saptanan 43 yaşındaki kadın hastanın mevcut klinik durumu literatür bilgileri ışığında tartışılmıştır.
PEQUENAS CIDADES, MUNICÍPIOS INSTÁVEIS: fragmentação territorial e incorporação de municípios em área de fronteira
Authors: Santos Alexandre , Peixinho Dimas
Published: August 2021

Este texto visa debater a ideia de município instável, por meio do risco de fragmentação ao criar novos municípios e do risco de extinção que pode levar municípios a serem incorporados. A existência constante de municípios instáveis está diretamente associada à condição de pequena cidade, pois é nessa “fragilidade” demográfica e funcional que o território municipal pode ser fragmentado e/ou incorporado. Apresenta-se/ na primeira parte do texto, a ideia de municípios instáveis. Na segunda, faz-se uma breve análise dos pontos da PEC 188/2019 que envolve a potencial extinção de municípios. Na terceira, a instabilidade territorial do município é pensada tendo o Nordeste de Mato Grosso, uma área de fronteira, como espaço empírico. Por fim, para não concluir, faz-se algumas considerações e lança-se algumas questões em face às mudanças em curso.
ÁREAS DE PROTEÇÃO AMBIENTAL NA AMAZÔNIA: uma análise sobre a ocupação da APA Maroaga no município de Presidente Figueiredo - AM
Authors: Cortinhas Rosália , Gomes Alice , Gomes Aline , Viana Jonilce
Published: August 2021

As Áreas de Proteção ambiental, dão ao Executivo o poder de declarar áreas como de interesse ambiental, quando houver interesse público, com a finalidade de assegurar a garantia de conservação destes ambientes, tendo as APAs a característica de possibilidade do direito à propriedade, porém, com critérios de organização e ocupação com natureza reguladora quanto ao uso dos patrimônios ambientais. Considerando a Legislação Ambiental nas esferas Federal, Estadual e Municipal, este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a ocupação do Bairro Galo da Serra no Município de Presidente Figueiredo – AM, inserido na APA Maroaga, considerando os critérios definidos pelas medidas regulatórias ambientais e consequentemente, contribuir com o debate em torno da conservação das Áreas de Proteção Ambiental. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em caráter exploratório e descritivo se utilizando de pesquisa documental com consulta a legislação vigente e pesquisa de campo para levantamento de dados primários acerca da ocupação da APA onde foram registradas incoerências técnicas e negligencias no gerenciamento desta por parte do Município em um dos maiores reservatórios da biodiversidade na Amazônia.
A ILUSÃO DO PROGRAMA MINHA CASA MINHA VIDA NA PEQUENA CIDADE DE AFUÁ, NO DELTA DO RIO AMAZONAS - DO SONHO AO PESADELO
Authors: Rangel Jobair , Costa Sandra
Published: August 2021

A habitação é um direito social, que possibilita aos cidadãos inserirem-se de forma ativa no meio social em que vivem. O Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida (PMCMV), criado em 2009, pelo Governo Federal, objetiva o combate ao déficit habitacional, para proporcionar inclusão social. Efetivo, em vários aspectos, o Programa tem sido alvo de discussões e questionamentos, como o que foi observado na cidade de Afuá. Neste aspecto, este artigo apresenta uma análise do PMCMV no urbano do município de Afuá, localizado no estado do Pará, e das condições enfrentadas pelas famílias contempladas pelo programa, que as levou do sonho ao pesadelo. A metodologia adotada consistiu em levantamento de dados sobre o processo de aprovação do empreendimento e seleção das famílias contempladas, em órgãos públicos municipais; revisão teórica sobre habitação e as políticas públicas destinadas ao combate do déficit habitacional nacional e regional em órgãos governamentais, e entrevistas com as famílias contempladas pelo Programa. Essas famílias, entretanto, não receberam suas novas moradias, se comprometeram, com a empresa selecionada com a construção, em derrubar as suas casas para que uma nova moradia fosse edificada e estão, ainda hoje, esperando a construção. A política habitacional do PMCMV, na cidade de Afuá não promoveu inclusão social e tampouco o direito à cidade. Essa política habitacional federal favoreceu a reprodução de espaços de segregação e vulnerabilidade socioespacial.
A VIOLÊNCIA URBANA EM PEQUENAS CIDADES: classificação e características dos atos criminosos em Ubiratã-Pr no primeiro semestre de 2018
Authors: Rodrigues Rafael , Colavite Ana Paula
Published: August 2021

A violência urbana é uma das maiores preocupações das sociedades contemporâneas e faz parte do cotidiano da população nas cidades brasileiras, sejam elas de grande, médio ou pequeno porte. Nesta pesquisa, objetivou-se analisar a estatística do crime e a distribuição desses na cidade de Ubiratã-PR, a partir de dados do primeiro semestre do 2018. Os dados foram obtidos na 50 ª Delegacia Regional De Polícia Civil De Ubiratã e foram sistematizados em planilha eletrônica, organizando-os por dia do ato criminoso, local do crime e a natureza criminosa da infração. Para o período pesquisado, foram registradas 125 ocorrências de 28 diferentes modalidades, as que tiveram maior recorrência foram: ameaça (23); lesão corporal (18); condução de veículo sobre influência do álcool (17). O dia da semana de maior ocorrência foi o domingo e o centro da cidade é a localidade de maior destaque (44% dos atos criminosos). Considera-se que o número de ocorrências foi significativo, dado o pequeno porte da cidade.
AS DINÂMICAS DE EXPANSÃO URBANA DE CALIFÓRNIA (PR) E A QUESTÃO DO ZONEAMENTO E DO USO E OCUPAÇÃO DO SOLO
Authors: Silva José Rafael
Published: August 2021

O município de Califórnia, localizado na mesorregião Norte Central do estado do Paraná, com seus 65 anos de idade e cerca de 8.069 habitantes (IBGE, 2010), sofreu ao longo do tempo diversas mudanças quanto à seu espaço urbano e a forma como este é ocupado pela população. Neste sentido, esta pesquisa tem por objetivo refletir sobre as dinâmicas de expansão urbana de Califórnia (PR) e questões que envolvem o zoneamento e o uso e ocupação do solo urbano. Para tal, entre os procedimentos metodológicos adotados estão a leitura e interpretação de documentos e leis municipais sobre as temáticas destacadas, o mapeamento e espacialização das informações e dados verificados nestes documentos a partir dos softwares Google Earth Pro e QGIS e a correlação entre as discussões teóricas e as experiências empíricas do pesquisador enquanto morador do município. Os resultados alcançados revelaram o caráter dinâmico da produção e transformação do espaço urbano nesta pequena cidade, e também algumas problemáticas envolvendo o zoneamento e o uso e ocupação do solo urbano, que precisam ser consideradas e discutidas no âmbito do planejamento e gestão urbanos para evitar a acentuação de conflitos e desigualdades socioespaciais evidentes na cidade.
O PAPEL DE NOVA ANDRADINA NA REDE URBANA SUL-MATO –GROSSENSE: análise a partir da oferta dos serviços de ensino superior e de saúde
Authors: Santana Edmilson , Ferreira Alaíde
Published: August 2021

Este texto centra-se na análise do papel que Nova Andradina, localizada na porção sudeste de Mato Grosso do Sul, exerce na rede urbana regional, tomando como perspectiva analítica a oferta de ensino superior e de serviços de saúde. O objetivo da pesquisa se pauta na compreensão do papel econômico de Nova Andradina, centro urbano considerado de pequeno porte e que exerce influência sobre os centros urbanos circunvizinhos. Para o desenvolvimento da análise, utilizamos como procedimentos metodológicos: a) levantamento bibliográfico com um aporte teórico que pudesse sustentar/fundamentar a discussão; b) pesquisa de campo junto aos órgãos e instituições tais como: Instituições de Ensino Superior, Coordenadoria Regional de Educação, portal DATASUS, Secretaria Municipal de Saúde, Departamento Estadual de Trânsito, Polícia Militar, Polícia Civil, Superintendência da Receita Federal, Ordem dos Advogados do Brasil e Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social. Realizou-se entrevistas com representantes de algumas dessas instituições e aplicação de questionário com os alunos que são oriundos de outras cidades. Por meio dos resultados obtidos, pudemos constatar que Nova Andradina assume um papel de grande relevância regional representado pela população dos centros urbanos vizinhos e de outros de estados como São Paulo e Paraná que buscam pelos serviços de ensino superior e de saúde.
CIDADES PEQUENAS: reflexões sobre a falácia da marginalidade e a potência da escassez
Authors: Detoni Luana
Published: August 2021

Na lógica do neoliberalismo, a manutenção da vida nas cidades pequenas vem se tornando cada vez mais inviável, ao passo que nas grandes tem se tornado cada vez mais precária. Nesse contexto, questiona-se sobre a falácia da marginalidade e a potência da escassez. Uma vez que os estudos sobre a marginalidade não costumam ser aplicados às cidades pequenas, articula-se os espaços da pobreza com o objetivo de analisar os territórios considerados à margem das relações socioespaciais. Para tal, realiza-se uma breve revisão de literatura no campo da sociologia e da filosofia da diferença, com base na perspectiva teórico-metodológica dos “simulacros discursivos”. Como resultados, elabora-se uma reflexão acerca das noções de cidade pequena e de pobreza urbana, que evidenciam a realidade da condição de marginalização desses territórios. No entanto, essas noções também revelam a falácia de pensar que esses territórios não fazem parte dos processos da urbanização. Ressalta-se que da experiência da escassez poderá emergir uma força capaz de provocar a transformação.
A DINÂMICA SOCIOESPACIAL DA PEQUENA CIDADE DE UIBAÍ (BA): as ruralidades enquanto conteúdo da relação campo-cidade
Authors: Santos Valdirene , Coelho Neto Agripino
Published: August 2021

O presente trabalho objetiva analisar o conteúdo das relações campo-cidade e a presença das ruralidades na cidade de Uibaí (BA), identificando os elementos rurais que compõe a paisagem urbana. Esta pesquisa parte do pressuposto de que nas pequenas cidades baianas o campo e a cidade possuem uma relação imbricada, à medida que tornam estes pequenos centros singulares e faz emergir a seguinte questão norteadora: quais as marcas rurais que estruturam o espaço urbano de Uibaí?. Com a intenção de elucidar este problema quatro etapas foram estruturadas: (1) revisão da literatura, (2) coleta de dados secundários do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística e da Superintendência de Estudos Sociais e Econômicos da Bahia, (3) pesquisa de campo com observação sistemática e aplicação de questionários a residentes na cidade de Uibaí e, (4) tabulação dos dados coletados em campo. Os resultados apontam que a população da cidade de Uibaí estabelece estreitas relações com o campo ao passo que 86% dos entrevistados possuem alguma atividade ou vínculo com o campo.
The Role of Gut Microbial β-Glucuronidase in Estrogen Reactivation and Breast Cancer
Authors: Sui Yue , Wu Jianming , Chen Jianping
Published: August 2021

Over the past decade, the gut microbiota has received considerable attention for its interactions with the host. Microbial β-glucuronidase generated by this community has hence aroused concern for its biotransformation activity to a wide range of exogenous (foreign) and endogenous compounds. Lately, the role of gut microbial β-glucuronidase in the pathogenesis of breast cancer has been proposed for its estrogen reactivation activity. This is plausible considering that estrogen glucuronides are the primary products of estrogens’ hepatic phase II metabolism and are subject to β-glucuronidase-catalyzed hydrolysis in the gut via bile excretion. However, research in this field is still at its very preliminary stage. This review outlines the biology of microbial β-glucuronidase in the gastrointestinal tract and elaborates on the clues to the existence of microbial β-glucuronidase–estrogen metabolism–breast cancer axis. The research gaps in this field will be discussed and possible strategies to address these challenges are suggested.