bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationship between leg-length discrepancy and plantar fasciitis
Authors: Mansur Henrique , Carvalho Guilherme Gonçalves Feijó , Lima Thiago Coelho Paim , Gonçalves Cesar Barbosa , Durigan João Luiz Quagliotti , Castro Junior Isnar Moreira
Published: March 2019

Objective: This study evaluated the relationship between leg-length discrepancy (LLD) and plantar fasciitis (PF). Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed that measured the length of the lower limbs via a scanometry of patients with PF. Other risk factors such as body mass index (BMI), foot posture, and the presence of a plantar heel spur on foot X-ray were also evaluated. Results: Of the 54 participating patients, 44.4% were male with a mean age of 50.38 (23-73 years), 81.5% had pain in one foot, and 53.7% had plantigrade feet. We observed LLD in 88.9% of the sample, with a mean discrepancy of 0.749 cm (SD +/-0.63); 46.3% of the painful feet presented with spurs on X-ray. Conclusions: Approximately 90% of the patients presented with LLD, and the shorter limb was the affected side in most cases. Level of Evidence II; Prognostic Studies.
Diversities
Authors: Mizusaki Jorge Mitsuo
Published: March 2019

At a time when cultural diversity is being discussed all over the world, we can propose topics that represent our scientific and technical diversity, as well as our way of taking care of medical matters.

We are publishing in our edition 13.1 the results of an intense work composed of themes involving several aspects related to the foot and ankle, such as: soft tissue and bone diseases, trauma, and metabolic and cultural aspects related to diseases. This diversity of subjects demonstrates the extent of the professional activity that treats and cares for the patients in a global way. Certainly, this is a reflection of our professional work of assisting the population.

This concern with professional, technical and scientific development is the focus of our society - ABTPé, which does not measure efforts to offer the best conditions in order to train the orthopedic foot and ankle surgeon. The result of this work is being obtained and can be evaluated by several articles in this edition.

This diversity of ways of conducting the important aspects related to foot and ankle diseases can be evaluated through articles that have been selected by the reviewers, and which will greatly benefit our patients.

We believe that our interaction with professionals from other specialties determines new ways of acting and evaluating our results, which requires better adaptation and ethical posture for a healthy and progressive coexistence. The social and economic question already has reflexes in our perspective of proposing treatments.

The technological evolution must add new values ​​to the medical act, but it does not replace our action of taking care of the patient.

I invite you to appreciate the content of this edition composed of horizons to be revealed.

Have a great reading

 

Jorge Mitsuo MizusakiEditor-in-chief
PENGARUH PROFESIONALISME DAN KOMITMEN ORGANISASI TERHADAP KINERJA INTERNAL AUDITOR ( Pada PDAM Kota Bandung )
Authors: Lestari Feny
Published: March 2019

This research purpose to study about the influence of professionalism and organizational commitment toward the performance of internal auditors at PDAM Bandung. The method used in this research is analytical descriptive method. Data collection techniques by literature studies and field studies, used 17 people respondents. Data quality tested by validity test and reliability test. Classic assumption test consisting of multicoleniarity test, heteroscedasticity test and normality test as substantial test for multiple linear regression research. The results of the study show that professionalism and organizational commitment have a positive effect to the internal performance of auditors.
ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS DAN EFISIENSI PENGGUNAAN ANGGARAN BELANJA PADA KOMISI PEMILIHAN UMUM PERIODE 2011-2015 (STUDI KASUS PADA KOMISI PEMILIHAN UMUM KOTA PAYAKUMBUH)
Authors: Siska Adilla Juita , Afriyanto Nono
Published: March 2019

Organisasi Sektor Publik dituntut untuk memperhatikan velue for money dalam menjalankan aktifitasnya. Tujuan yang dikehendaki masyarakat mencakup pertanggungjawaban mengenai pelaksanaan velue for money, yaitu ekonomis dalam pengadaan dan alokasi sumber daya, efisien dalam penggunaan sumber daya dalam arti penggunaannya diminimalkan dan hasilnya dimaksimalkan, serta efektif dalam arti mencapai tujuan dan sasaran.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Deskripsi Penganggaran dan menganalisis efektivitas dan efisiensi penggunaan anggaran belanja pada Komisi Pemilihan Umum Kota Payakumbuh. Analisis data yang digunakan analisis deskriptif dengan menggunakan rasio efektivitas dan efisiensi. Deskripsi Penganggran dilaksankan secara berjenjang dimulai dari tingkat Kabupaten/Kota, Provinsi dan Pusat, KPU Pusat Mempunyai kuasa penuh terhadap penambahan dan pengurangan anggaran belanja yang tertuang didalam DIPA Satuan Kerja (satker). Tingkat dan kriteria efektifitas penggunaan anggaran belanja pada Komisi Pemilihan Umum Kota Payakumbuh dari tahun 2011 s.d 2015 sangat bervariasi. Tingkat efektifitas tertinggi terjadi pada 2015 dan yang terendah terjadi pada 2012. Penggunaan anggaran belanja tahun 2011, 2015 dikategorikan efektif, tahun 2012, 2013 dan 2014 dikategorikan cukup efektif karena realisasi anggaran belanja memiliki perbedaan yang jauh dengan target anggaran belanja. Perbedaan ini terjadi karena ada beberapa kegiatan yang dianggarkan, tapi tidak dilaksanakan. Tetapi untuk kegiatan lain yang telah dianggarkan sudah efektif. KPU Kota Payakumbuh menilai ketika kegiatan yang direncankan/programkan sudah terealisasi dan sesuai dengan yang diharapkan, maka kegiatan tersebut dikatakan efektif. Pelaksanaan anggaran Belanja KPU Kota Payakumbuh Tahun 2011 s.d 2015, secara keseluruhan sudah diolah secara efisien. Pelaksanaan anggaran belanja tahun 2011 sampai 2015, dikategorikan sangat efisien hanya tahun 2013 dan 2014 dikategorikan tidak efisien dikarenakan pada tahun tersebut KPU Kota Payakumbuh tidak menganggarkan Anggaran Tahapan Pelaksanaan Pemilihan Legislatif dan Pemilihan Presiden dan Wakil Presiden.
PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS DAN LEVERAGE TERHADAP TANGGUNG JAWAB SOSIAL PERUSAHAAN (CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY) PADA PT BANK SYARIAH BUKOPIN
Authors: Devy Tartila , Wulandari Indah Tri
Published: March 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sejauh mana pengaruh profitabilitas dan leverage di Bank Syariah Bukopin terhadap Social Corporate Responsibility. Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi alasan pentingnya suatu bank syariah untuk menampilkan dirinya lebih baik dibandingkan dengan perbankan konvensional. Gambaran baik buruknya suatu perbankan syariah dapat dikenali melalui kinerja baik yang tergambar dari tanggungjawab sosialnya maupun dari laporan keuangannya. Jika dilihat dari rasio keuangan yakni rasio profitabilitas (ROA) dan rasio leverage (Debt to Equity), PT Bank Syariah Bukopin memiliki ROA dan Debt to Equity yang mengalami fluktuasi disamping memiliki berbagai bentuk kegiatan CSR tiap tahunnya.

Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian  deskriptif kuantitatif, dengan menggunakan analisis Regresi Analisis Berganda.  Variabel dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari satu variabel dependen dan dua variabel independen. Variabel dependen atau variabel Y dalam penelitian ini adalah tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan (Corporate Social Responsibility), sedangkan variabel independen terdiri dari X1 yaitu profitabilitas dan X2 yaitu leverage.Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan data sekunder. Data diambil dari laporan keuangan dan laporan pengungkapan tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan (Corporate Social Responsibility) pada PT Bank Syariah Bukopin.

Kesimpulannya adalah: 1) Profitabilitas (ROA) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) pada PT Bank Syariah Bukopin (Sig = 0.001 < α = 0.05). 2) Leverage (Debt to Equity) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) pada PT Bank Syariah Bukopin (Sig = 0.000 < α = 0.05). 3)Secara bersama-sama Profitabilitas (ROA) dan Leverage (Debt to Equity) tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) pada PT Bank Syariah Bukopin (Sig = 0.180 > α = 0.05).
Analisis Kemudahan Penggunaan, Efisiensi dan Keamanan Terhadap Minat Nasabah Bertransaksi Menggunakan BSM Mobile Banking Pada Bank Syariah Mandiri Kantor Cabang Payakumbuh
Authors: Dewi Sandra , Sabri Sabri , Winata Vina Pandu
Published: March 2019

This study aims to determine the effect of ease of use, efficiency and security on the interest in transactions using BSM Mobile Banking. To conduct discussions and research, using primary data directly obtained from the object of research through a structured list of statements or questionnaires that have been answered by respondents, this study uses the help of SPSS version 15, and data testing techniques use binary logistic regression analysis. The results of the analysis show that ease of use, efficiency and security have a positive and significant influence on the interest in transacting using BSM Mobile Banking, both partially and simultaneously. The most dominant variable influencing the interest in transacting using BSM Mobile Banking is efficiency.
ANANILSA PENERAPAN EKONOMI SYARIAH PADA UNIT USAHA BUMDes DALAM MENINGKATKAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT DESA
Authors: Dewi Yenty Astari , Izmuddin Iiz
Published: March 2019

The purpose of this Writing is to analyze the study of the Implementation of Sharia Values in the business of the Nagari-Owned Business Entity (BUMNag). The analytical method used in this study is the SWOT analysis. This study shows that the contracts that exist in Islamic economics can be applied to Business Units that may be formed by BUMNag in accordance with laws and regulations. In addition to having strength (the majority of the Muslim population and Nagari have Alim Ulama, have BUMNag and good development), and Opportunities (The development of Islamic economics and the National Sharia Council, the existence of the Law concerning Islamic economics), this concept also has shortcomings (lack of public understanding of sharia contracts, lack of academic staff in Nagari) and Threats (Overall Islamic economics cannot be applied in Indonesia and the development of conventional transactions in the community). To realize BUMNag based on an Islamic economic perspective, it requires an active role and joint commitment from the Nagari government, the community, religious scholars, the National Sharia Council, non-governmental organizations, and parties concerned about the development of BUMNag and the Islamic economy.
Fatwa MUI Nomor 1 Tahun 2004 Tentang Interest (Studi Terhadap Pemahaman Pedagang Pasar Aur Kuning Kota Bukittinggi)
Authors: Rafi Luthfi , Na'ali Basri
Published: March 2019

Hampir seratus persen pedagang di Pasar Aur Kuning beragama Islam, dan sebagai umat Islam tentunya mereka akan tunduk dengan aturan Islam, termasuk dalam menggunakan jasa bank dalam bertransaksi. Dalam hal ini pada tahun 2004 Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) telah mengeluarkan fatwa tentang keharaman bunga bank (interest). Sebagai pedagang yang muslim mestinya fatwa itu dijadikan pegangan oleh pedagang dalam memilih bank tempat bertransaksi. Tetapi dalam kenyataannya sebagian besar pedagang masih bertransaksi menggunakan bank konvensional yang menganut sistem bunga. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini akan menfokuskan kepada pemahaman pedagang Pasar Aur Kuning tentang sebuah fatwa, dan apa faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan mereka tidak mengikuti fatwa MUI tersebut. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Pasar Aur Kuning Bukittinggi, dan untuk pengumpulan data memakai instrumen angket. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisa berdasarkan metode mixing metode. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar pedagang Pasar Aur Kuning memahami fatwa sebagai sesuatu produk hukum yang boleh diikuti dan boleh juga tidak diikuti. Secara umum yang menjadi faktor mereka tidak mengikuti fatwa tersebut adalah karena ketidaktahuan, tidak lengkapnya fasilitas bank syariah, dan menganggap sama antara bunga dan bagi hasil. Kata kunci: Fatwa, MUI, interest, pedagang
TERORISME DAN JIHAD DALAM PERSPEKTIF AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Gonsales Gonsales
Published: March 2019

Islam constantly calls for peace and togetherness, even condemning violence and terror. However, the charge against Islam as a terrorism ideology is a very heartbreaking thing for the (Muslim) community. However, it can not be denied that there is a tendency in understanding the Qur’an and hadith textually and literally an sich that can lead to behavior that seems anarchist, intolerant, and tend to destructive. Jihad teachings, for example, are often misunderstood as justification for actions and propaganda, radical acts, bombings and terrorism. Seeing the reality that happens, is a necessity to provide a correct understanding of Islam. As a first step, it is necessary to comprehend a comprehensive methodology in understanding nash. There is many discussions in the matter of terrorists and jihad, therefore it must be distinguished between the two with the real meaning in the perspective of the Quran. In this discussion, there will be limited issues to be discussed include the definition of terrorists and jihad, verses that are often misunderstood as justification of terrorism, and how the full point of view of the Quran related to terrorism.
URGENSI KAJIAN NASIKH DAN MANSUKH DALAM BINGKAI GENERASI KEKINIAN (Upaya Membumikan Teori Klasik Untuk Masa Kini)
Authors: Auliya Sefri , Gazali Hidayatul Azizah
Published: March 2019

Ta’arudh (contradiction in understanding) between the ulama in understanding the syara texts' especially in the interpretation of the Koran became one of the principles of the birth of nasikh and mansukh theories. This article contains an analytical descriptive explanation of Nasakh, namely a statement that indicates the existence of an annulment of existing law, then nasikh, namely the argument that comes later that removes and replaces the existing law and mansukh, namely the previous law which has been deleted and replaced by the coming argument after that. Correct knowledge of the text that is nhurical and which can help one in understanding the context of the passage of a text of the Qur'an and can also know which part of the text of the Qur'an comes down first and which comes down later. Besides that, the knowledge of the Nasakh will also strengthen our belief that the source of the Qur'an which is essential is from Allah SWT. He is the one who removes a verse and replaces it with others according to His will. The problem of nasikh and mansukh is not something that stands alone, it is a part that is in the disciplines of interpretation and the science of ushul fiqh. Knowledge of nasikh and mansukh is very useful so that knowledge about the law is not chaotic and blurred. Therefore there are many atsar (sayings of friends) that encourage to know this problem. Especially for the present, knowledge of this theory is needed so as not to carelessly swallow and regurgitate the Qur'anic verses so that it is feared that it can tarnish its sanctity.
VERNAKULARISASI PEMAHAMAN HADIS (Refleksi Wacana Islam Nusantara)
Authors: Zubir Muhammad , Hilma Mushallina
Published: March 2019

The term vernacular is born because of an understanding of religious texts taking into account the conditions of the Indonesian Islamic community. This understanding is known as the context of the understanding of hadith which is an effort made by the ulama as one of ijtihad in examining the content of the hadith of the hadith. This is done if there is a hadith that appears to be incompatible with the condition of a society or a certain period of time. The hadith about the leader from the Quraysh tribe and the hadith about not going to succeed in a people if the leadership is left to women is an example of how difficult it is to be applied in Indonesia if it is only understood textually and not understood by a contextual approach. In Indonesia, many hadiths that require new explanations (syarah) in order to be able to uncover various biological essence, using language that is popular and in line with present-day logic, to make it easier to achieve goals. Therefore, Islamic scholars, especially in Indonesia are required to be ready to anticipate the emergence of actual problems that develop in society.
Removal of Methyl Orange from Aqueous Solutions by Adsorption Using Corn Leaves as Adsorbent Material
Authors: Fadhil Omar Hisham , Eisa Mohammed Y.
Published: March 2019

A comparative study was done on the adsorption of methyl orange dye (MO) using non-activated and activated corn leaves with hydrochloric acid as an adsorbent material. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were utilized to specify the properties of adsorbent material. The effect of several variables (pH, initial dye concentration, temperature, amount of adsorbent and contact time) on the removal efficiency was studied and the results indicated that the adsorption efficiency increases with the increase in the concentration of dye, adsorbent dosage and contact time, while inversely proportional to the increase in pH and temperature for both the treated and untreated corn leaves. The equilibrium data is best fitted to Freundlich isotherm for untreated adsorbent, while Langmuir isotherm show best agreement with the data when the treated adsorbent is used. The rate of adsorption was found to follow the pseudo first order kinetic model (PFO) when non-activated adsorbent is used, while the pseudo second order model (PSO) is fitted to the adsorption data using activated adsorbent.
Application of Waste Lead Acid Battery Plastic to Produce Lightweight Masonry Units
Authors: Aljubori Duaa E. , Al-Hubboubi Suhair K. , Alwared Abeer I.
Published: March 2019

The concrete industry consumes millions of tons of aggregate comprising of natural sands and gravels, each year. In recent years there has been an increasing trend towards using recycled aggregate to save natural resources and to produce lightweight concrete. This study investigates the possibility of using waste plastic as one of the components of lead-acid batteries to replace the fine aggregate by 50 and 70% by volume of concrete masonry units. Compared to the reference concrete mix, results demonstrated that a reduction of approximately 32.5% to 39.6% in the density for replacement of 50% to 70% respectively. At 28 days curing age, the compressive strength was decreased while the water absorption increased by increasing waste plastic percentage. The leaching test revealed that lead ion extracted from the WLABP-modified concrete was within the acceptable limits. The findings of this study indicated a sustainable alternative solution for reducing the effects on the environment posed by waste plastic from lead-acid batteries.
Assessment of occupational risk caused by noise exposure in workers at metallurgical plant subunits under modernization
Authors: Bazarova Ye. L. , Fedoruk A. A. , Roslaya N. A. , Osherov I. S. , Babenko A. G.
Published: March 2019

Introduction. Noise is a common occupational hazard in metallurgic production. Objective. To evaluate occupational risk caused by exposure to noise in 18 occupational groups in subunits under modernization in an enterprise producing titanium alloys, using methodology of N.F. Izmerov Occupational Medicine Research Institute. Materials and methods. A priori risk evaluation by noise measurements was performed according to criteria of Manuals R 2.2.2006–05, R 2.2.1766–03 and hygienic models, a posteriori one — by analysis of occupational morbidity over 30 years, transitory disablement morbidity and chronic diseases prevalence according to medical examinations data over 5 years. Total of 58758 sick-leave certifi cates was analyzed. Comparison covered morbidity in individuals exposed to noise (3501 individuals) and non-exposed individuals (9138 ones). Results. Findings are that a risk level by hygienic criteria in the studied occupations was assigned to low to high category (work conditions classes 3.1–3.3), by occupational morbidity criterion — from low to high (index of occupational diseases from 0 to 0.25). Occupational neurosensory deafness was registered in blacksmiths, turners, vertical lathe operators. Noise appeared to be a trigger for diseases of ears, eyes, skin, locomotory system, nervous system, urinary tract, respiratory system, for mental disorders, increased blood pressure, hyperglycemia, leukocytosis, with 1.1–1.7 times reliably increased their risk in general over the production, and up to 3.7 times in certain occupations (p<0.05). Prevalence of the health disorders appeared to increase with growing noise levels. Conclusions. Industrial modernization is associated with decrease of occupational morbidity caused by exposure to noise to single cases and increase of age and length of service at noise conditions to diagnosis. Considerable health improvement was seen in blacksmiths, aft er hammer equipment was changed to the press one, in lathe operators — aft er lathe changed to processing centers with numerical control.
Cultura escrita, literatura e historia. Conversaciones de Roger Chartier con Carlos Aguirre Anaya, Jesús Anaya Rosique, Daniel Goldin y Antonio Saborit.
Authors: Conde Calderón Jorge
Published: March 2019

Este libro tiene su origen en el encuentro de cuatro lectores mexicanos, de diferentes formaciones e intereses profesionales, con la obra de Roger Chartier, historiador francés que ha logrado unir la reflexión metodológica y teórica con una rigurosa investigación empírica en el terreno de la historia sociocultural.
MANIFIESTO HISTORIOGRÁFICO DE HISTORIA A DEBATE
Authors: Polo Acuña José
Published: March 2019

Ante los cambios vertiginosos que se están presentando en el mundo, marcado por los procesos de globalización económica, política y tecnológica; por el renacimiento del problema de la nación y su estrecha relación con lo étnico-cultural, que ha supuesto la emergencia de voces sociales colectivas silenciadas durante mucho por la represión y el marginamiento; la historia, como disciplina social y científica, cobra un papel de vital importancia no solamente por tratar de explicar lo que está pasando hoy, basada en lo que Eric Hobsbawm ha denominado una experiencia, sino porque está obligada a pensarse como tal ante las nuevas exigencias de las mutaciones.
Jorge Enrique González, LEGITIIMIDAD Y CULTURA. EDUCACIÓN, CULTURA Y POLÍTICA EN LOS ESTADOS UNIDOS DE COLOMBIA, 1863-1886
Authors: Miranda Pestana Andrea C.
Published: March 2019

Las reformas radicales de medio siglo, tenían como objetivo demostrar que la independencia no había cambiado nada respecto a la colonia y que el orden económico, político y social, debía ser transformado para llevar a efecto el ideal de civilización y progreso. En materia económica lo que se pretendía era el estímulo de la iniciativa privada e individual por lo que fueros y corporaciones debían ser eliminados. Además, la intervención estatal sería suprimida con el fin de imponer el libre juego de la oferta y demanda determinadas por las leyes del mercado. En el plano político y social se intentó replantear las relaciones entre iglesia y Estado, desestructurando el monopolio de esta institución con medidas como la desamortización, la eliminación de sus fueros y privilegios así como el control de la iglesia en materia educativa.
Aisnara Perera Díaz y María Meriño Fuentes, Familias, agregados y esclavos. Los padrones de vecinos de Santiago de Cuba (1778-1861)
Authors: Salas Olivera Kenneth
Published: March 2019

Las autoras del libro que comento han trabajado juntas durante algunos años. En el año 2006 publicaron el libro Esclavitud, familia y parroquia en Cuba: Otra mirada desde la microhistoria (Santiago de Cuba, Editorial Oriente, 2006) y tres años más tarde publicaron el libro Para liberarse de los lazos, antes buena familia que buenos brazos. Apuntes sobre la manumisión en Cuba (Santiago de Cuba, Editorial Oriente, 2009), con el que ganaron el premio de ensayos Emilio Bacardí auspiciado por la editorial Oriente de Santiago de Cuba.
Laberintos de la era del liberalismo económico.
Authors: De La Cruz Vergara Maribel
Published: March 2019

La apreciación de los procesos históricos pasados o del pasado reciente los abstraemos de acuerdo con nuestros intereses de investigación, la historia lo es por sí misma indistintamente de las interpretaciones que los estudiosos deseamos realizar de ella, de tal manera que es un asunto metodológico priorizar o dividir la historia en distintos campos, tal división la que en otra hora ha sido objeto de debates, está en el hecho de que ante la complejidad de abordar la historia desde todos sus ángulos, priorizamos uno de ellos en un intento de acoplarnos al movimiento del tiempo actual. Así los estudios en historia económica, que lo son en la medida en que privilegian esta variable, han pasado por una relativa decadencia, sobre todo en Colombia, aunque en la actualidad y debido a la intervención de historiadores y economistas que se han especializado en esta área, ha retomado cierto dinamismo lo que ha permitido ciertas reinterpretaciones y aporte de estudios cuantitativos complementarios a las investigaciones de las denominada historia social, política y cultural. Entonces la importancia radica en la posibilidad de dar diferentes miradas a la realidad histórica.
Afrocolombianos en perspectiva histórica : la comunidad del Cacarica.
Authors: Laviña Javier
Published: March 2019

Pretendo con este trabajo hacer una aproximación, desde la historia, a la realidad de la situación por la que están pasando un conjunto importante de comunidades afrodescendientes que tras legitimar sus tierras por la ley 70 han visto como el conflicto que tiene sumida a Colombia ha recaído sobre sus territorios y se han visto obligados a refugiarse en ciudades del interior para evitar ser masacrados por los agentes enfrentados. Tomo como ejemplo la comunidad de Cacarica, en el bajo Atrato1 , de los desplazados por el conflicto en el Chocó. ¿Cuál ha sido su estrategia de resistencia?, ¿de qué manera han podido sobrevivir?
Autos seguidos por doña Marcelina de la guardia y milla sobre que se le satisfagan los alimentos, y otros gasto hechos en una negrita nombrada María de la O, esclava de las temporalidades de los regulares expulsados.
Authors: Melendres Acevedo Verónica
Published: March 2019

El 27 de febrero de 1767, en el marco de la implementación de las Reformas Borbónicas, Carlos III firmó la orden de expulsión de los jesuitas de todos los dominios de España. Siguiendo la política que sus pares habían adelantado con anterioridad en Portugal (1759) y Francia (1762), este representante de la casa Borbón, además del extrañamiento de los miembros de la citada orden religiosa, autorizó la confiscación de sus propiedades y el establecimiento de Juntas de Temporalidades para que se encargaran de administrarlas. Se estima que, tras la implementación de esta medida, cerca de 6000 miembros de la Compañía de Jesús tuvieron que dejar los territorios españoles y exiliarse en Italia.1 Este hecho histórico ha sido ampliamente estudiado por la historiografía europea, norte y latinoamericana. Los trabajos iniciales se concentraron en explicar las potenciales motivaciones que llevaron a Carlos III a tomar una decisión de esa naturaleza. Estos estudios señalaron que la supuesta participación de los regulares en el llamado motín de Esquilache (1766) no fue más que un rumor utilizado por lo Corona para justificar semejante medida. Las reales motivaciones, concluyeron, guardaban relación con el peso que el citado monarca le dio a una política regalista (control del gobierno del rey sobre la Iglesia) que devino en un mal ambiente para la compañía de Jesús en varias monarquías europeas. Visiones posteriores, sin dejar de lado el peso del ambiente adverso que sobre estas comunidades se respiraba en Europa, exploraron dinámicas políticas, económicas y sociales propias del mundo de ultramar. En su ya clásico estudio sobre los jesuitas, Magnus Morner estableció una conexión entre los colegios jesuitas, la explotación de mano de obra y la rentabilidad obtenida en los centros productivos que llegaron a poseer en los territorios coloniales. En efecto, esta orden religiosa, aparte de sus usuales laborales de adoctrinamiento, o más bien gracias a ellas, sacó provecho de las formas coercitivas de trabajo que pesaban sobre indígenas y negros en el mundo colonial. Según Morner, el poder económico acumulado, representado en estancias, obrajes y posesión de esclavos, causó recelos en las autoridades coloniales a ambos lados del Atlántico.
Effect of Shoulder–Workpiece Interference Depth on the Quality of Friction Stir Welding of AA7075-T6 Aluminium Alloy
Authors: Abbas Abbas Akram , Abdulkadhum Hazim H.
Published: March 2019

The joining of high strength aluminium alloy AA7075-T6 sheets of 3 mm thickness was an attempt utilizing friction stir welding process. The effect of interference depth between tool shoulder and surface workpiece on the welding quality and its effect on the mechanical and metallography properties of welded joints were studied. This process is carried out using a composite tool consists of a concave shoulder made of H13 tool steel and cylindrical left-hand thread with 1mm pitch pin (probe) made of cobalt-based alloy MP159. The dimensions of tools were 14mm shoulder diameter and the pin has 5mm diameter and 2.7mm length. The tool rotation speed and welding speed were 981 rpm 169 mm/min respectively, and the tilt angle was 2°. The range of interference depth between the shoulder and workpiece was selected (0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, and 0.3) mm. various tests were executed to evaluate the welding quality. The results show that lack of filling defect appeared on the welding surface at the interference depth 0.05 mm. An invisible tunnel and lack of penetration in the bottom of the stir zone appeared when the interference depths were 0.1 mm and 0.15 mm. Defect-free welds obtained when interference depths were (0.2, 0.25, and 0.3) mm. The welding efficiency of the defect-free welds was in the range (85.3-92.3%) depending on the ultimate tensile strength of the parent alloy.
Macro nutrient status of Sundarbans forest soils in Southern region of Bangladesh
Authors: Khan MZ , Amin MS
Published: March 2019

An attempt has been made to evaluate the condition of soil of the Sundarban mangrove forest of Bangladesh by applying standard method. Soil pH was varied from 6.63 to 7.87. Organic carbon of soil was found 4.06, 4.79, 5.59, 9.38 and 9.80 (gKg-1) at Kotka, Kochikhali, Hironpoint, Harbaria, and Dublarchar, respectively. The electrical conductivity of soil was varied from 14.39, to 42.89 (dSm-1) in the study areas.The cation exchange capacity in the soils was varied from 22.32 to 27.2 Cmolckg-1 in the study area. The average percentages of total nitrogen content in the soil were varied from 0.04 to 0.08%. The soils of Oligohaline zone of Sundarban mangrove forest are rich in water soluble and exchangeable magnesium followed by calcium and the potassium. The percentages of silt and clay were higher than sand in all study areas. Dissolved chloride in the soil was found 7010, 4186,11750 and 16389 (μg g-1) at Hironpoint, Harbaria, Dublarchar and Kotka respectively.

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.54(1), 67-72, 2019
The Minimum Intelligent Signal Test (MIST) as an Alternative to the Turing Test
Authors: Łupkowski Paweł , Jurowska Patrycja
Published: March 2019

The aim of this paper is to present and discuss the issue of the adequacy of the Minimum Intelligent Signal Test (MIST) as an alternative to the Turing Test. MIST has been proposed by Chris McKinstry as a better alternative to Turing’s original idea. Two of the main claims about MIST are that (1) MIST questions exploit commonsense knowledge and as a result are expected to be easy to answer for human beings and difficult for computer programs; and that (2) the MIST design aims at eliminating the problem of the role of judges in the test. To discuss these design assumptions we will present Peter D. Turney’s PMI-IR algorithm which allows for MIST-type questions to be answered. We will also present and discuss the results of our own study aimed at the judge problem for MIST.
Skrytość Boga i pobożna dekonstrukcja - czyli jak (nie) czytać Mikołaja z Kuzy
Authors: Sikora Piotr
Published: March 2019

W artykule podejmuję polemikę z zaproponowaną przez Dorotę Bryllę filozoficzną interpretacją dialogu Mikołaja z Kuzy De Deo abscondito i z jej koncepcją teologii apofatycznej - jako egzemplifikacją podejścia szerzej rozpowszechnionego wśród filozofów religii i historyków idei. Prezentuję także własną, alternatywną interpretację tekstu Kuzańczyka – i szerzej – postawy apofatycznej. Wskazuję też na konsekwencje mojej interpretacji w kontekście filozofii Boga i religii.
Efeito de reguladores de crescimento na maturação dos frutos e qualidade da bebida de café
Authors: Rodrigues João Paulo , Amador Salomão Pedro Emílio , Freitas Sílvio De Jesus , Rodrigues Weverton Pereira , Struiving Tiago Barbosa , Vale Paula
Published: March 2019

Objetivou-se a obtenção de maior uniformidade na maturação dos frutos colhidos por meio da aplicação dos reguladores de crescimento Ethephon e Mathury™, visando à melhoria da qualidade das bebidas de café. Foi utilizada a cultivar Tupi Amarelo (IAC 5162), plantada em dezembro de 2008. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados, sendo empregados cinco tratamentos: T1- Aplicação de Mathury™ aos 113 dias anteriores à colheita (DAC); T2- Aplicação de Mathury™ aos 85 DAC; T3- Aplicação de Mathury™ aos 57 DAC; T4- Aplicação de Ethephon quando as plantas apresentavam 30% de frutos cereja e T5- Testemunha (sem aplicações). Após a classificação pelo percentual de maturação dos frutos, selecionaram-se os que foram classificados como cereja; estes foram secos e submetidos às análises: seleção por tamanho; classificação por tipo de defeitos; açúcares; sólido solúveis; condutividade elétrica; lixiviação de potássio; acidez titulável; extrato etéreo; pH e análise sensorial. Verificou-se diferença significativa quanto à maturação dos frutos, observando um aumento de 57% da porcentagem de frutos cereja e redução de 89% de frutos passa quando aplicado o Ethephon. Embora tenha havido diferenças na porcentagem de maturação dos frutos e nas análises físico-quimicas, conclui-se que tais diferenças não influenciaram na qualidade da bebida de café, uma vez que obteve o mesmo padrão de classificação na análise sensorial.
Métodos de dimensionamentos de lajes maciças com e sem o embasamento da norma NBR 6118:2014
Authors: Amador Salomão Pedro Emílio , Pereira Edna Alves , Santiago Acly Ney Oliveira
Published: March 2019

A ausência de conhecimento e influência de terceiros ocasiona muitas vezes a escolha por economia de materiais que muitas vezes não segura, no entanto cabe ao engenheiro demostrar condições para se ter uma estrutura segura e econômica. Apresenta-se primeiramente alguns tipos de lajes e suas características, imediatamente é exposto as definições da laje maciça. Em seguida, é apresentado o cálculo desta estrutura sobre os critérios e recomendações da NBR 6118:2014: Projeto de Estruturas de Concreto – Procedimento, incorporando conceitos básicos sobre o tema para a execução da mesma. Foram adotados quatro dimensionamentos de lajes a fim de ter a realização do estudo desta estrutura. Posteriormente, tem-se o comparativo dos cálculos das lajes com e sem coeficientes de segurança. O objetivo deste trabalho acaba concluindo na constatação da estrutura mais vantajosa, devido ao comparativo dos resultados quantitativos da estrutura onde se analisou as vantagens de uma estrutura segura.
PENGARUH INFRA RED, MASSAGE DAN TERAPI LATIHAN PADA CONGENITAL MUSCULAR TORTICOLLIS
Authors: Amin Akhmad Alfajri , Amanati Suci , Nahdiyah Neneng
Published: March 2019

Latar Belakang: Data Statistik di Indonesia menunjukkan 1 dari 300 bayi lahir dengan tortikolis otot bawaan. Kelainan ini lebih sering terjadi pada anak pertama. Tortikolis terjadi pada 0,4 % dari seluruh kelahiran. Sedangkan untuk noncongenital muscular torticollis, rata-rata terjadi pada usia 40 tahun. Perempuan lebih sering terkena dengan perbadingan 2 : 1 dibandingkan lakilaki (Putri, 2010). Penelitian ini dilakukan di RSUD Kajen di Kota Pekalongan pada bulan November 2017 dengan mengambil sampel sebanyak 8 orang partisipan. Metode penelitian menggunakan pretest-posttest dengan quasi eksperimen. Tindakan fisioterapi yang diberikan pada kasus ini adalah dengan infra red, massage dan terapi latihan. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui pengaruh fisioterapi dengan modalitas Infra Red, Massage, dan Terapi Latihan pada kasus Congenital Muscular Torticollis.

Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil uji hipotesis untuk panjang otot sternocleidomastoideus untuk posisi netral didapatkan terjadi perubahan signifikan pada partisipan antara sebelum terapi dibandingkan setelah terapi ditunjukkan dengan nilai sig (2tailed) sebesar 0,005 yang berada pada batas kritis <0,05 yang berarti Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima dan untuk nilai panjang otot sternocleidomastoideusuntuk posisi terulur didapatkan hasil 0,001 yang bermakna <0,05, yang berarti Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima, yaitu terjadi perubahan yang signifikan antara sebelum dengan sesudah terapi.

Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian kali ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan Infra red, Massage dan terapi latihan berupa relaxed passive movement dan stretching mampu meningkatkan panjang dan elastisistas otot sternocleidomastoideus secara signifikan, dengan peningkatan panjang otot saat netral menunjukkan spasme pada otot tersebut berkurang.
PENGARUH TERAPI LATIHAN PADA POST TOTAL HIP REPLACEMENT ET CAUSA NEGLECTED CLOSE FRACTURE NECK FEMUR
Authors: Amin Akhmad Alfajri , Amanati Suci , Siswanto Tedi
Published: March 2019

Latar Belakang : . Berdasarkan data dari Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Jawa Tengah tahun 2007 didapatkan sekitar 2.700 orang mengalami insiden fraktur, 56% penderita mengalami kecacatan fisik, 24% mengalami kematian, 15% mengalami kesembuhan dan 5% mengalami gangguan psikologis atau depresi terhadap adanya kejadian fraktur. Menurut data dari Sistem Informasi Rumah Sakit (SIRS) 2010, kasus patah tulang mengalami peningkatan setiap tahun sejak 2007. pada 2007 ada 22.815 insiden patah tulang, pada 2008 menjadi 36.947, 2009 jadi 42.280 dan pada 2010 ada 43.003 kasus. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Rumah Sakit dr. Loekmono Hadi Kudus dengan mengambil sampel sebanyak 8 orang partisipan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Agustus 2017 menggunakan metode pretest-posttest dengan quasi eksperiman.

Tujuan : untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi latihan pada kasus Post Total Hip Replacement et causa Neglected Fracture Neck Femur dalam menurunkan nyeri serta menjaga kekuatan Otot dan LGS, serta meningkatkan kemampuan Fungsional Aktifitas pasien

Hasil : Pada penelitian ini mendapatkan hasil berupa terjadi perubahan yaitu penurunan derajat nyeri yang signifikan antara sebelum dengan sesudah terapi ditunjukkan dengan nilai sig (2-tailed) < 0,05, sedangkan untuk skor FADI terjadi perubahan yaitu peningkatan kemampuan aktivitas fungsional kaki yang signifikan antara sebelum dengan sesudah terapi ditunjukkan dengan nilai sig (2-tailed) < 0,05.

Kesimpulan : Terapi Latihan dengan teknik Ankle Pumps, AAROM exercise, AROM exercise,Muscle Setting, Core Exercise, serta transfer dan ambulasi pada kasus total hip replacementefektif dalam menurunkan nyeri, dan peningkatan kemampuan fungsionalj aktifitas kakipartisipan.
Cartografia do interior bahiano. Uma análise de três mapas anônimos do século XVIII
Authors: Havre Grégoire van
Published: March 2019

A cartografia colonial do interior baiano é limitada pela disponibilidade das fontes. Poucos documentos existem para representar o espaço da Capitania, e os relatos dão poucas informações sobre as distâncias. Neste trabalho, analisamos três documentos datados, geralmente, do século XVIII. Mostramos como o estudo do seu conteúdo permite reduzir a sua origem a uma faixa cronológica muito mais precisa. Com este novo recorte, podemos proceder a uma análise espacial, revelando um processo de interiorização muito mais complexo do que inicialmente concebido na literatura. Os mapas demonstram um povoamento fora dos dois eixos clássicos de comunicação, o primeiro em direção às Minas Gerais e o segundo ao Estado do Maranhão-Grão-Pará.
MATOPIBA: a ocupação da nova fronteira agrícola nos quadros do padrão exportador de especialização produtiva
Authors: Xavier Glauber Lopes
Published: March 2019

Na última década, os estados do Maranhão, Tocantins, Piauí e Bahia (aqui aludidos por meio do acrônimo Matopiba) têm passado por transformações em suas economias, ocupando participação cada vez maior na produção agrícola nacional, especialmente de alguns produtos como soja, milho, celulose e algodão. Com vastas extensões cobertas pelo Cerrado, esses estados conformam o território da chamada nova fronteira agrícola brasileira, objeto de estudo do artigo, e cuja produção de commodities têm sido destinada, prioritariamente, aos mercados internacionais. De posse destas informações, buscou-se compreender o papel ocupado pelo Estado, associado aos interesses do grande capital, no recorte geográfico em estudo. Partiu-se da hipótese de que a ocupação da nova fronteira agrícola tem se estabelecido segundo as exigências de um padrão exportador de especialização produtiva, o qual reitera a condição periférica da economia brasileira na medida em que aprofunda sua dependência de exportações de produtos primários, bem como de produtos com baixa incorporação tecnológica.
A memória das cidades na sociedade digital: reflexões para São Paulo e o exemplo de ‘Quando a cidade era mais gentil’
Authors: Jayo Martin , Vargas Diego Vasconcellos
Published: March 2019

Passadas duas décadas de sua publicação, o ensaio Sobre a Memória das Cidades, do geógrafo Maurício de Almeida Abreu, mantém sua relevância e continua amplamente citado e reconhecido. No entanto, um elemento relativamente novo e quem sabe importante para discussões sobre memória das cidades parece estar recebendo menos atenção do que poderia: a maneira como, no contexto da digitalização da sociedade, tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TIC) podem alterar as formas de produção, transmissão e preservação da chamada memória urbana. Partindo da discussão conceitual de Abreu, argumentamos neste artigo que São Paulo, por suas características históricas e por sua escassez de lugares de memória, pode configurar-se como um laboratório privilegiado de experimentação de TIC como suporte para esse tipo de memória.
A diáspora coreana: o caso brasileiro
Authors: Antonio Bruna Mineo , Araújo José Renato de Campos
Published: March 2019

Este trabalho apresenta características gerais da diáspora coreana dentro de seu contexto histórico, destacando a imigração coreana no Brasil, especialmente na cidade de São Paulo. A partir da literatura sobre a história da Coreia, registros administrativos e documentos oficiais, o trabalho apresenta o fluxo migratório coreano para o Brasil, com o município de São Paulo sendo seu principal destino, desde sua origem ao momento atual. Com tal apresentação pode-se observar a importância deste grupo migrante dentro das dinâmicas sociais e econômicas do tecido urbano paulistano, além de demonstrar o quanto o relacionamento interétnico, entre grupos migrantes com importantes elementos da interculturalidade, marca a história da cidade de São Paulo.
Benzoin condensation of aromatic aldehydes catalyzed by N-heterocyclic carbenes under mild conditions
Authors: Monreal-Leyva Isabel , Attema Breanna Rose , Bae Nuri , Cao Haishi , Palencia Hector
Published: March 2019

The benzoin condensation was used to evaluate the catalytic activity of different N-heterocyclic carbenes as a function of their structure and N-substituents. There is a correlation between the length of an N-alkyl substituent and its performance as an organocatalyst. Heteroaromatic aldehydes were found to be the most reactive, among the screened substrates, finishing the reaction in 30 minutes, with almost quantitative yields. On the other hand, p-nitrobenzaldehyde, a strongly electrophilic aldehyde, was the least reactive. Electronic effects have little influence on the reaction yield but steric effects can dramatically reduce it. The preformed organocatalyst reacts faster than the generated in situ, with minimum solvent.
Determination of antihypertensive drugs by using ratio difference spectrophotometric method
Authors: Abdelhamid Nessreen Salah , El Aleem Eglal Abdelhamid Abd El Aleem , Khorshed Aml Mohamed , Amin Mahmoud Mohsen
Published: March 2019

An accurate, sensitive and time saving spectrophotometric method has been developed and validated for the determination of two antihypertensive drug mixtures. Mixture 1 contains spironolactone (SPIR), furosemide (FUR) and anthranilic acid (ANTH) (impurity of furosemide) and mixture 2 contains triamterene (TRI), hydrochlorothiazide (HCZ) and chlorothiazide (CZ) (impurity of hydrochlorothiazide). In mixture 1, the determination of drugs depends on dividing the spectrum of ternary mixture by the spectrum of 10 µg/mL of standard furosemide and then spironolactone and anthranilic acid were determined using the difference in amplitude between 242.3 and 254.6 nm, and between 250.8 and 242.4 nm in the ratio spectrum, respectively. On the other hand, furosemide could be determined by dividing the spectrum of ternary mixture by the spectrum of 10 µg/mL of standard spironolactone and then it was determined using the difference in amplitude between 244.8 and 229.7 nm in the ratio spectrum. In mixture 2, the determination of drugs depends on dividing the spectrum of ternary mixture by spectrum of 10 µg/mL of standard triamterene and then hydrochlorothiazide and chlorothiazide were determined using the difference in amplitude between 268.9 and 232.8 nm, and between 292.9 and 250.7 nm in the ratio spectrum, respectively. On the other hand, triamterene could be determined by dividing spectrum of ternary mixture by spectrum of 10 µg/mL of standard hydrochlorothiazide and then triamterene was determined using the difference in amplitude between 230.1 and 244 nm in the ratio spectrum. The developed analytical methods were validated regarding good accuracy and precision according to The International Conference on Harmonisation guidelines, and they were applied to pharmaceutical preparations in addition to laboratory prepared mixtures successfully. Statistically the results were compared with those obtained by reported method and no significant difference was found.
Synthesis of nanocellulose/cobalt oxide composite for efficient degradation of Rhodamine B by activation of peroxymonosulfate
Authors: Khili Faouzia , Omrani Amel Dakhlaoui
Published: March 2019

In recent years, nanofibrous materials derived from biopolymers have attracted more interest due to their numerous applications. In our study, a simple composite of cellulose nanocrystals, and cobalt oxide nanoparticles was elaborated using sodium borohydride as a chemical reducer. It has been shown that Co3O4 nanoparticles were grown on the surface of cellulose nanocrystals. An important quantity of cobalt oxide nanoparticles was detected using ICP-OES (13.5 g contained in 100 mg of the composite). The size, the morphology and the thermal stability of the composite and the obtained nanoparticles were studied using X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Ultraviolet-Visible spectrophotometry, Scanning electron microscopic and Transmission electron microscopic. Our obtained material was used for the degradation of Rhodamine B and it was succeeded in degradation of Rhodamine B within very short period of time (16 min). The catalytic degradation of Rhodamine B was investigated and analyzed with UV-Visible absorption spectra.