bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Real‐world data with the use of caplacizumab in the treatment of acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: A single‐center with homogeneous treatment experience
Authors: Jiménez Moraima , Bobillo Sabela , Pons Verónica , Sánchez Carla , Pérez Ana , Molero Antonieta , Miranda Nayibe , Sánchez Ángela , Tabares Elizabeth , Bosch Francesc , Valcárcel David
Published: September 2022

Background

Recently, real‐world data confirmed the effectiveness of caplacizumab in the treatment of acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (aTTP); however, limitations as different treatment protocols from multicenter experiences and the front‐line use of rituximab could overshadow the real impact of the addition of caplacizumab.

Study Design and Methods

We report the clinical characteristics and response to treatment of 30 consecutive cases of aTTP treated under a homogeneous therapeutic protocol with the only exception of the addition of caplacizumab in the last 10 cases (caplacizumab group), whose primary outcome we compare with the previous 20 cases (control group).

Results

Caplacizumab was started at a median of 2.5 days after diagnosis (interquartile range [IQR] 1–4) and maintained for a median of 37.5 days (IQR 32–39). Safety was in line with previous reports with 30% of patients showing mild adverse events, the most common bleeding. The caplacizumab group achieved platelet count normalization after a median of 3 (IQR 2–5) versus 4 (IQR 2–8.5) days in the control group (p = .067). The caplacizumab group required a lower median number of plasma exchanges, 10 (IQR 9–11) versus 16.5 (IQR 11–20) in the control group (p = .0053) and a shorter length of hospitalization, 12 (IQR 12–14) vs. 22 (IQR 15–27) days (p = .0025). There were no refractory cases and no deaths in the caplacizumab group compared to five refractory cases and three aTTP‐related death (15%) in the control group.

Discussion

Our experience confirms improvement in the outcomes with a decrease in refractoriness and mortality since the introduction of caplacizumab.
Two is not necessarily better than one: A double lens in a pre‐metamorphic adult axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum)
Authors: Smith Levi H. , Park Shinae A. , Gjeltema Jenessa , Moore Bret A.
Published: September 2022

An 8‐year‐old female pre‐metamorphic axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) was examined for a suspected anterior lens luxation. Slit‐lamp biomicroscopy revealed two lens‐like structures in the anterior chamber of the right eye (OD), each with cataractous change. Ultrasound biomicroscopy and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were performed without sedation, and revealed small lenticular structures each with distinct nuclei and cortices. Although a distinct connection of the two lenticular structures could not be definitively ruled out, the structures appeared separate. Each of the lenticular structures was closely associated with its respective iris leaflet. This report demonstrates application of advanced imaging for diagnostic use in axolotl ophthalmology, showing that imaging of the lens can be performed without sedation, topical anesthetic, nor contact gel with high diagnostic quality. Although two distinct lenses were diagnosed with no historical evidence of trauma, the small sizes of each lenticular structure, with no detectable connection between them, are suggestive of a possible regenerative abnormality. This report opens discussion for the regenerative capabilities of the pre‐metamorphic adult axolotl and possible implementations of their use in regenerative medicine research for the development of future therapies.
Poor psychosocial job conditions increase sickness absence: evidence from the PATH Through Life Mid-Aged Cohort
Authors: Leach Liana , Milner Allison , Too Lay San , Butterworth Peter
Published: September 2022

Objectives

Evidence is mounting that poor psychosocial job conditions increase sickness absence, but there is a need for further rigorous prospective research to isolate the influence of psychosocial job quality from other measured and unmeasured confounders. This study used four waves of prospective longitudinal data (spanning 12 years) to investigate the extent to which increases in poor psychosocial job quality are associated with greater relative risk of day of sickness absence.

Design

Prospective cohort study.

Setting

Data were from the Australian PATH Through Life cohort study. The analyses adopted hybrid-regression estimations that isolated the effect of within-person change in psychosocial job quality on sickness absence over time.

Participants

Participants were from a midlife cohort aged 40–44 at baseline (7644 observations from 2221 participants).

Primary outcome measure

Days sickness absence in the past 4 weeks.

Results

The results show that after adjusting for a wide range of factors as well as unmeasured between-person differences in job quality, each additional psychosocial job adversity was associated with a 12% increase in the number of days of sickness absence (relative risk ratio: 1.12, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.21). Increases in psychosocial job adversity were also related to greater functional impairment (relative risk ratio: 1.17 (1.05 to 1.30)).

Conclusion

The results of this study strengthen existing research highlighting the importance of addressing poor psychosocial job quality as a risk factor for sickness absence.
Bowel ischaemia in COVID-19 infection: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Zhao Yi , Teh Jhia Jiat , Kung Victor , Mallappa Sreelakshmi
Published: September 2022

Introduction

COVID-19 disease was declared as a pandemic by WHO since March 2020 and can have a myriad of clinical presentations affecting various organ systems. Patients with COVID-19 are known to have an increased risk of thromboembolism, including cardiovascular, pulmonary and cerebral ischaemic events. However, an increasing number of case studies have reported that COVID-19 infection is also associated with gastrointestinal ischaemia. This scoping review aims to collate the current evidence of COVID-19-related gastrointestinal ischaemia and raise awareness among healthcare professionals of this lesser known, but serious, non-pulmonary complication of COVID-19 infection.

Methods

The proposed scoping review will be conducted as per the Arksey and O’Malley methodological framework (2005) the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews. A systematic search will be undertaken on different databases including EMBASE, PubMed and MEDLINE. Two independent reviewers will screen titles, abstracts and full-text articles according to the inclusion criteria and extract relevant data from the included articles. Results will be presented in a tabular form with a narrative discussion.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethical approval will not be required for this scoping review. This scoping review will provide an extensive overview of the association between COVID-19 infection and bowel ischaemia. Further ethical and methodological challenges will also be discussed in our findings to define a new research agenda. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and presentations at both national and international conferences.
Neonatal acquisition of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in the community of a low-income country (NeoLIC): protocol for a household cohort study in Moramanga, Madagascar
Authors: Harimanana Aina , Rakotondrasoa Andriniaina , Rivoarilala Lalainasoa Odile , Criscuolo Alexis , Opatowski Lulla , Rakotomanana Elliot Fara Nandrasana , Herindrainy Perlinot , Collard Jean-Marc , Crucitti Tania , Huynh Bich-Tram
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Data regarding the acquisition of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) in neonates at the community level are scarce in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), where the burden of neonatal sepsis is high.

Our study aims at identifying and quantifying the role of the different routes of ESBL-PE transmission for neonates, which are still undefined in the community in LMICs.

Methods and analysis

In a semirural community in Madagascar, 60 mothers and their neonates will be recruited at delivery, during which a maternal stool sample and meconium of the newborn will be collected. Home visits will be planned the day of the delivery and next at days 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28. Stool samples from the newborn, the mother and every other household member will be collected at each visit, as well as samples from the environment in contact with the newborn (food, surfaces and objects). Sociodemographic data and factors which might drive ESBL-PE acquisition will also be collected.

We will analyse the isolated ESBL-PE using DNA sequencing methods to characterise clones, resistance genes and plasmids of ESBL-PE. To analyse these data globally, we will develop novel analytical approaches combining mathematical modelling and statistics. Finally, mathematical simulations will be performed to test different strategies of control of ESBL-PE transmission to neonates.

In complement, we will conduct an anthropological investigation to understand local environments and practices that would contribute to neonatal ESBL-PE acquisition. In-depth interviews with members of 16 households will be conducted and 4 mother–newborn pairs will be followed by a participants’ observations methodology.

Ethics and dissemination

The study was approved by the ethical committee in Madagascar and by the institutional review board of Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.

Findings will be reported to participating families, collaborators and local government; presented at national and international conferences and disseminated by peer-review publications.
Acupuncture for acute musculoskeletal pain management in the emergency department and continuity clinic: a protocol for an adaptive pragmatic randomised controlled trial
Authors: Eucker Stephanie A , Glass Oliver , Staton Catherine A , Knisely Mitchell R , O’Regan Amy , De Larco Christi , Mill Michelle , Dixon Austin , TumSuden Olivia , Walker Erica , Dalton Juliet C , Limkakeng Alexander , Maxwell Ann Miller W , Gordee Alex , Kuchibhatla Maggie , Chow Sheinchung
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Chronic musculoskeletal pain causes a significant burden on health and quality of life and may result from inadequate treatment of acute musculoskeletal pain. The emergency department (ED) represents a novel setting in which to test non-pharmacological interventions early in the pain trajectory to prevent the transition from acute to chronic pain. Acupuncture is increasingly recognised as a safe, affordable and effective treatment for pain and anxiety in the clinic setting, but it has yet to be established as a primary treatment option in the ED.

Methods and analysis

This pragmatic clinical trial uses a two-stage adaptive randomised design to determine the feasibility, acceptability and effectiveness of acupuncture initiated in the ED and continued in outpatient clinic for treating acute musculoskeletal pain. The objective of the first (treatment selection) stage is to determine the more effective style of ED-based acupuncture, auricular acupuncture or peripheral acupuncture, as compared with no acupuncture. All arms will receive usual care at the discretion of the ED provider blinded to treatment arm. The objective of the second (effectiveness confirmation) stage is to confirm the impact of the selected acupuncture arm on pain reduction. An interim analysis is planned at the end of stage 1 based on probability of being the best treatment, after which adaptations will be considered including dropping the less effective arm, sample size re-estimation and unequal treatment allocation ratio (eg, 1:2) for stage 2. Acupuncture treatments will be delivered by licensed acupuncturists in the ED and twice weekly for 1 month afterward in an outpatient clinic.

Ethics and dissemination

This study has been reviewed and approved by the Duke University Health System Institutional Review Board. Informed consent will be obtained from all participants. Results will be disseminated through peer-review publications and public and conference presentations.

Trial registration number

NCT04290741.
Association of sarcopenia with ideal cardiovascular health metrics among US adults: a cross-sectional study of NHANES data from 2011 to 2018
Authors: Chen Weihua , Shi Shanshan , Jiang Yizhou , Chen Kaihong , Liao Ying , Huang Rongchong , Huang Kun
Published: September 2022

Objective

The American Heart Association (AHA) proposed the concept of ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) to reduce the risk of cardiovascular mortality. We attempted to broaden the impact of CVH and further contribute to AHA 2030 goals by identifying the relationship between CVH and non-cardiovascular diseases such as sarcopenia.

Design

Cross-sectional survey

Setting

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted in the USA from 2011 to 2018.

Participants

This study included participants with reliable first 24-hour dietary recall and ≥20 years of age and excluded those who could not diagnose sarcopenia or insufficient data to calculate the CVH scores.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

The prevalence of sarcopenia as measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.

Results

This cohort study involving 9326 adults≥20 years comprised 4733 females (50.0%). The number of intermediate or ideal and poor CVH participants was 5654 and 3672 with mean CVH score of 9.70±0.03 and 5.66±0.04, respectively. After adjusting for related confounding factors, intermediate or ideal CVH was associated with an odds reduction of sarcopenia than poor CVH (adjusted OR (aOR): 0.36, 95% CI 0.26 to 0.50, p<0.001) and the odds of sarcopenia was significantly lower for each incremental increase of 1 in CVH metrics (aOR: 0.75, 95% CI 0.71 to 0.79, p<0.001). Moreover, if the number of ideal CVH metrics was>5, the odds of sarcopenia decreased by up to 84% (aOR: 0.16, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.30).

Conclusions

Our findings suggest a relationship between the CVH and the prevalence of sarcopenia in adults. The results of our study can contribute to achieving the 2030 public health goal of achieving CVH for all, which may be supported by efforts to reduce the prevalence of sarcopenia.
Geographical variation and correlates of substance use among married men in Ethiopia: spatial and multilevel analysis from Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2016
Authors: Zenbaba Demisu , Yassin Ahmed , Abdulkadir Adem , Mama Mohammedaman
Published: September 2022

Objective

The use of substances has become one of the world’s most serious public health and socioeconomic issues. Most nations in sub-Saharan Africa, including Ethiopia, are undergoing significant economic transitions, creating a favourable environment for socially destructive substance use. This study aimed to determine the geographical variation, prevalence and correlates of substance use among ever-married men in Ethiopia.

Design

A community-based cross-sectional survey was undertaken from 18 January 2016 to 27 June 2016.

Data source

Data were used from the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS).

Data extraction and analysis

Data from the 2016 EDHS was used, and a total of 7793 ever-married men were involved in the analysis. The spatial autocorrelation statistic (Global Moran’s I) was used to determine whether substance use was dispersed, clustered or randomly distributed. A multilevel logistic regression model was used to identify the correlates with substance use, and statistical significance was declared at p<0.05 and 95% CI.

Results

Of all ever-married men, 72.5% (95% CI 71.5% to 73.4%) were currently using at least one of the three substances (alcohol, cigarettes and chat). The highest hotspot areas of substance use were observed in Ahmara and Tigray regions. The age (adjusted OR, AOR 1.80; 95% CI 1.32 to 2.45), educational status (AOR 0.64; 95% CI 0.51 to 0.82), occupation (AOR 1.36; 95% CI 1.05 to 1.76), watching television (AOR 1.50; 95% CI 1.25 to 1.81) and living in the city (AOR 2.25; 95% CI to 1.36 to 3.74) were individual and community-level correlates found to have a statistically significant association with substance use.

Conclusion

In this study, nearly three-fourths of married men used one of the three substances. Given these findings, it is critical to reducing the problem by improving modifiable individual-level variables such as educational status and reducing substance advertising.
Healthcare costs of adverse drug reactions and potentially inappropriate prescribing in older adults: a population-based study
Authors: Robinson Eirin Guldsten , Hedna Khedidja , Hakkarainen Katja M , Gyllensten Hanna
Published: September 2022

Objectives

To describe the distribution of costs based on potentially inappropriate prescribing (PIP) and adverse drug reaction (ADR) status in terms of total direct costs and costs caused by ADRs, among older adults.

Design

A retrospective cohort study was conducted among older adults, identified from a random sample of the general Swedish population. PIP was identified based on the Screening Tool of Older Persons’ Prescriptions (STOPP) criteria and ADRs were identified using the Howard criteria. Causality between PIP and ADRs was evaluated using Hallas’ criteria. Prevalence-based direct healthcare costs were calculated for the 3-month study period, including the total cost for healthcare and drugs, and the cost caused by ADRs.

Setting

All care levels, including primary care, other outpatient care and inpatient care.

Participants

813 adults ≥65 years.

Primary outcome measures

The prevalence and cost of PIP and ADRs.

Results

Total direct cost for persons with PIP was approximately twice the total cost of those without PIP (€1958 (€1428–€2616) vs €881 (€817–€1167), p=0.0020). The costs caused by ADRs was 10 times higher among persons with PIP, compared with those without PIP (€270 (€86–€545) vs €27 (€10–€61), p=0.047). For persons with ADRs caused by PIP, total direct costs were €4646 (€2617–€7931). This group represented 8% of the study population and used 25% of the costs. The main cost driver in all studied patient groups was healthcare contacts.

Conclusions

Older persons with PIP and ADRs had high healthcare costs, particularly when ADRs were caused by PIP. Since these costs appear to be substantial, the potential savings by preventing their occurrence may, to a certain degree, cover the added cost of such activities. Further studies should be undertaken to provide further evidence on the costs of PIP, ADRs and ADRs caused by PIP.
Vaccine hesitancy from the parent perspectives: protocol for a qualitative study in Iran
Authors: Moradi-Lakeh Maziar , Goharinezhad Salime , Hoveidamanesh Soodabeh , Amirkafi Ali , Zahraei Seyed Mohsen , Eshrati Babak
Published: September 2022

Introduction

WHO declared vaccine hesitancy as a global public health threat in 2019. Since even a slight reduction in vaccine coverage rates can lead to a decrease in herd immunity, it is imperative to explore the underlying factors affecting vaccine hesitancy. This qualitative study protocol aims to explore determinant factors that influence vaccine hesitancy in Iran from the parent’s perspective.

Methods and analysis

Descriptive-Interpretive Qualitative research will be conducted to gain an insight into vaccine hesitancy in the west of Tehran province in Iran. Participants in the study will be recruited from vaccine-hesitant parents of children under 5 years’ old who will be recognised as being hesitant to extract from the national health information system. The semistructured interviews and in-depth questions will be performed both face-to-face in an open space such as a park near their homes and via video call because of the COVID-19 pandemic and social distancing. Interviews will be conducted by a trained qualitative person. Transcribed data will be analysed through thematic analysis.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethics approval was obtained from the research ethics committee at the Iran University of Medical Sciences (Approval ID #IR.IUMS.REC.1399.273). The results of the study are expected to be presented by the end of 2022 year. A variety of dissemination methods will be employed to communicate research findings, including presentations at conferences and peer-reviewed publications.
Factors associated with parental burden among parents of children with food allergies in China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Li Zeen , Tian Lang , Liu Haiyan , Tang Siyuan , Chen Qirong
Published: September 2022

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with parental burden among parents of children with food allergies (FA) in China.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

The participants were recruited through the internet and one child health centre of a tertiary hospital in Changsha, China.

Participants

A total of 346 parents of children with FA were recruited using a convenience sampling method. After excluding the invalid questionnaires, 330 questionnaires were included for the analysis.

Outcome measures

The data of general and disease-specific information of children with FA and their parents, as well as parental burden, social support and coping style of parents, were collected using a self-developed questionnaire and standard measurement tools with good psychometric properties. Univariate analysis and multivariate stepwise regression analysis were used to analyse the data.

Results

Financial affordability regarding their children’s FA and parents’ social support were key protective factors against parental burden (β=−0.224, p<0.001 and β=−0.226, p<0.001, respectively). This study also found that parents’ working conditions, the number of highly suspected food allergens, the number of children’s FA-affected systems and whether children took amino acid milk powder were the factors associated with parental burden.

Conclusions

Health professionals should pay more attention to parents who are not at work and whose children have more highly suspected food allergens and more FA-affected systems because these parents often have a higher parental burden. Furthermore, it is important to improve financial support for children’s FA and social support for parents of children with FA to decrease their parental burden.
Improving Transformer-based Sequential Recommenders through Preference Editing
Authors: Ma Muyang , Ren Pengjie , Chen Zhumin , Ren Zhaochun , Liang Huasheng , Ma Jun , De Rijke Maarten
Published: September 2022

One of the key challenges in sequential recommendation is how to extract and represent user preferences. Traditional methods rely solely on predicting the next item. But user behavior may be driven by complex preferences. Therefore, these methods cannot make accurate recommendations when the available information user behavior is limited. To explore multiple user preferences, we propose a transformer-based sequential recommendation model, named MrTransformer (
M
ulti-p
r
eference
Transformer
). For training MrTransformer, we devise a
preference-editing
-based
self-supervised learning (SSL)
mechanism that explores extra supervision signals based on relations with other sequences. The idea is to force the sequential recommendation model to discriminate between common and unique preferences in different sequences of interactions. By doing so, the sequential recommendation model is able to disentangle user preferences into multiple independent preference representations so as to improve user preference extraction and representation.

We carry out extensive experiments on five benchmark datasets. MrTransformer with preference editing significantly outperforms state-of-the-art sequential recommendation methods in terms of Recall, MRR, and NDCG. We find that long sequences of interactions from which user preferences are harder to extract and represent benefit most from preference editing.
Submesoscale Dynamics in the Upper Ocean
Authors: Taylor John R. , Thompson Andrew F.
Published: September 2022

Oceanic motions with spatial scales of 200 m–20 km, called submesoscales, are ubiquitous in the upper ocean and serve as a key intermediary between larger-scale balanced dynamics and unbalanced turbulence. Here, we introduce the fluid dynamics of submesoscales and contrast them with motions at larger and smaller scales. We summarize the various ways in which submesoscales develop due to instabilities that extract potential or kinetic energy from larger-scale balanced currents; some instabilities have counterparts at larger scales, while others are distinct to the submesoscale regime. Submesoscales modify the density stratification in the upper ocean and redistribute energy between scales. These energy transfers are complex, having both up-scale and down-scale components. Submesoscale eddies and fronts also contribute to a spatially heterogeneous distribution of shear and restratification that leave an imprint on upper ocean turbulence. The impact of submesoscales on the Earth's climate remains an exciting research frontier.
Endocrine Disorders and COVID-19
Authors: Oguz Seda Hanife , Yildiz Bulent Okan
Published: September 2022

The multifaceted interaction between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the endocrine system has been a major area of scientific research over the past two years. While common endocrine/metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes have been recognized among significant risk factors for COVID-19 severity, several endocrine organs were identified to be targeted by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). New-onset endocrine disorders related to COVID-19 were reported while long-term effects, if any, are yet to be determined. Meanwhile, the “stay home” measures during the pandemic caused interruption in the care of patients with pre-existing endocrine disorders and may have impeded the diagnosis and treatment of new ones. This review aims to outline this complex interaction between COVID-19 and endocrine disorders by synthesizing the current scientific knowledge obtained from clinical and pathophysiological studies, and to emphasize considerations for future research.
Zebrafish as a Mainstream Model for In Vivo Systems Pharmacology and Toxicology
Authors: MacRae Calum A. , Peterson Randall T.
Published: September 2022

Pharmacology and toxicology are part of a much broader effort to understand the relationship between chemistry and biology. While biomedicine has necessarily focused on specific cases, typically of direct human relevance, there are real advantages in pursuing more systematic approaches to characterizing how health and disease are influenced by small molecules and other interventions. In this context, the zebrafish is now established as the representative screenable vertebrate and, through ongoing advances in the available scale of genome editing and automated phenotyping, is beginning to address systems-level solutions to some biomedical problems. The addition of broader efforts to integrate information content across preclinical model organisms and the incorporation of rigorous analytics, including closed-loop deep learning, will facilitate efforts to create systems pharmacology and toxicology with the ability to continuously optimize chemical biological interactions around societal needs. In this review, we outline progress toward this goal.
Cognitive Impairment Associated with Schizophrenia: From Pathophysiology to Treatment
Authors: Javitt Daniel C.
Published: September 2022

Cognitive impairment is a core feature of schizophrenia and a major contributor to poor functional outcomes. Methods for assessment of cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia are now well established. In addition, there has been increasing appreciation in recent years of the additional role of social cognitive impairment in driving functional outcomes and of the contributions of sensory-level dysfunction to higher-order impairments. At the neurochemical level, acute administration of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonists reproduces the pattern of neurocognitive dysfunction associated with schizophrenia, encouraging the development of treatments targeted at both NMDAR and its interactome. At the local-circuit level, an auditory neurophysiological measure, mismatch negativity, has emerged both as a veridical index of NMDAR dysfunction and excitatory/inhibitory imbalance in schizophrenia and as a critical biomarker for early-stage translational drug development. Although no compounds have yet been approved for treatment of cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia, several candidates are showing promise in early-phase testing.
Mechanism and Safety Mining Technology of Overall Instability-Induced Rockbursts of Multi-Coal Seam Spatially Isolated Working Face
Authors: Sun Bo , Zhu Sitao , Jiang Fuxing , Wang Gao’ang
Published: September 2022

The isolated working face has always been the hardest hit area for the occurrence of rockburst, and the spatially isolated working face with multiple coal seams is often easily overlooked due to its hidden nature, which leads to the occurrence of rockburst accidents. This paper takes the Liuhuanggou coal mine (9–15) 08 isolated working face as the engineering background, used field research, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and field monitoring, investigated the coal body stress evolution law during mining, and revealed the overall instability rockburst mechanism of the working face and deduced the limit advance distance when the working face was in a state of boundary instability. The research results show the following: (1) with the increase of advancement, the overlying strata on the working face are dynamically transformed from the “C” spatial structure with hollowing on both sides to the “θ” spatial structure with coal body support in the middle; (2) when the dynamic load stress on the coal body of the working face exceeds 1.5 times its integrated compressive strength, there is a risk of overall instability rockburst; (3) when the working face advances to 430 m from the open cutting, the superimposed stress on the coal body exceeds its comprehensive compressive strength and reaches a critical instability state, which is verified by numerical simulation. Based on the analysis of the mechanics and mechanism of the overall instability rockburst of the working face, this paper proposes a set of targeted safe mining solutions: (1) The joint monitoring system of microseism-stress-drilling cutting is adopted to monitor and warn the dangerous rockburst areas. (2) The “rockburst-gas” drilling technique is used to unload the pressure on both sides of the working face and the coal wall. (3) The mining speed shall not exceed 3.2 m/d when the working face is mined before 350 m, and shall not exceed 2.4 m/d when the working face enters the influence area of mined-out LW(4-5)02 (350∼550 m). The microseismic monitoring results and field practice confirmed the reasonableness and effectiveness of the safe mining technology plan.
Establishment of Dynamic Evolving Neural‐Fuzzy Inference System Model for Natural Air Temperature Prediction
Authors: Bhagat Suraj Kumar , Tiyasha Tiyasha , Al-khafaji Zainab , Laux Patrick , Ewees Ahmed A. , Rashid Tarik A. , Salih Sinan , Yonaba Roland , Beyaztas Ufuk , Yaseen‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬ Zaher Mundher
Published: September 2022

Air temperature (AT) prediction can play a significant role in studies related to climate change, radiation and heat flux estimation, and weather forecasting. This study applied and compared the outcomes of three advanced fuzzy inference models, i.e., dynamic evolving neural‐fuzzy inference system (DENFIS), hybrid neural‐fuzzy inference system (HyFIS), and adaptive neurofuzzy inference system (ANFIS) for AT prediction. Modelling was done for three stations in North Dakota (ND), USA, i.e., Robinson, Ada, and Hillsboro. The results reveal that FIS type models are well suited when handling highly variable data, such as AT, which shows a high positive correlation with average daily dew point (DP), total solar radiation (TSR), and negative correlation with average wind speed (WS). At the Robinson station, DENFIS performed the best with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.96 and a modified index of agreement (md) of 0.92, followed by ANFIS with R2 of 0.94 and md of 0.89, and HyFIS with R2 of 0.90 and md of 0.84. A similar result was observed for the other two stations, i.e., Ada and Hillsboro stations where DENFIS performed the best with R2: 0.953/0.960, md: 0.903/0.912, then ANFIS with R2: 0.943/0.942, md: 0.888/0.890, and HyFIS with R2: 0.908/0.905, md: 0.845/0.821, respectively. It can be concluded that all three models are capable of predicting AT with high efficiency by only using DP, TSR, and WS as input variables. This makes the application of these models more reliable for a meteorological variable with the need for the least number of input variables. The study can be valuable for the areas where the climatological and seasonal variations are studied and will allow providing excellent prediction results with the least error margin and without a huge expenditure.
Analysis of Immunotherapy Combined with Radiotherapy in Patients with Brain Metastasis of Driver Gene-Negative Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Zhang Qun , Zhou Shixiang , Yin Hongmei , Zhu Chaomang , Li Duojie , Li Xianming
Published: September 2022

Purpose. To observe the remission rate and side effects of immunotherapy combined with radiotherapy in patients with brain metastasis of driver gene-negative non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods. 152 patients with NSCLC brain metastasis admitted to our hospital from January 2019 to December 2021 were selected as the research objects. Patients were divided into a single group (85 cases) and a combined group (67 cases) according to treatment methods. The therapeutic effects and side effects of the single group and combined group were compared. In addition, the patients who received immunotherapy combined with radiotherapy were divided into three subgroups: A, B, and C, and the therapeutic effects and side effects of different radiotherapy modes were compared among group A [whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT)], group B (WBRT combined with local radiotherapy) and group C (local radiotherapy). Results. The objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) in the combined group were higher than those in the single group (

P
<
0.05

). The incidence of reactive capillary hyperplasia and immune-related pneumonia in the combined group were higher than that in the single group (

P
<
0.05

). There was no significant difference in the incidence of other side effects between the two groups (

P
>
0.05

). ORR and DCR in group B were higher than those in group A (

P
<
0.05

). There was no significant difference in the incidence of side effects among the three groups (

P
>
0.05

). Conclusion. Immunotherapy combined with radiotherapy is effective in patients with brain metastasis of driver gene-negative NSCLC, which can improve the disease control rate without increasing the side effects. In addition, WBRT combined with local push radiotherapy is effective and safe. Clinical Study Registration Number. The Clinical study registration number is K2019086.
The Role of Organizational Learning in Mediating the Relationship between Business Model Design and Innovation Performance
Authors: Zhang Jia , Xu Hui , Xiao Xiangxia
Published: September 2022

Innovation in the business model (BM) may be irreversible and therefore entails more significant risk and ambiguity compared to product, service, or process innovation. This paper focused on exploring the role of organizational learning in mediating the relationship between business model design and innovation performance using hierarchical hybridized linear regression analysis (HHLRA). Furthermore, this paper shows that organizational learning is based on variables that mediate the relationship between training and performance and improve performance through its positive effect on organizational learning. Furthermore, the study examines the multi‐dimensional and contingent progressive impact on the corporate performance of organizational training through innovative conjunctive roles. However, this study determines that both organizational learning capabilities (OLC) and organization innovativeness (OI) have a positive effect on organizational performance (OP). Besides, organizational innovativeness mediates the relationship between OLC and OI. Finally, the findings suggest that managers should improve organizational learning capabilities and improve innovation performance to enhance positive entrepreneurial orientation performance connections.
A Mixed Integer Linear Formulation and a Grouping League Championship Algorithm for a Multiperiod‐Multitrip Order Picking System with Product Replenishment to Minimize Total Tardiness
Authors: Farhadi Sartangi Morteza , Husseinzadeh Kashan Ali , Haleh Hassan , Kazemi Abolfazl
Published: September 2022

Order picking, which is collecting a set of products from different locations in a warehouse, has repeatedly been described as one of the most laborious and time‐consuming internal logistic processes. Each order is issued to pick some products located at given locations in the warehouse. In this paper, we consider an order picking problem, in which a number of orders with different delivery due dates are going to be retrieved by a limited number of order pickers in multiperiods such that the total tardiness is minimized. The aim is to determine a retrieval plan in terms of order batching and order picker multitrip routing as decision variables. Besides, products are arrived and replenished at the predetermined locations at different periods. Therefore, products sitting in those locations should be delivered soon to provide empty rooms for replenishment. A mixed integer linear programming formulation is proposed for this new problem. The model is optimally solved for small‐size problems. For larger instances, grouping metaheuristic algorithms are proposed based on particle swarm optimization and the league championship algorithm that use group‐based operators to generate reasonable batches of orders. Improvement heuristics are designed as well. The performance of the MILP formulation and metaheuristic algorithms is analyzed for different problem instances whose designs are based on real data gathered from an auto parts warehouse. Results indicate that our algorithms can stably solve large instances of the problem in a reasonable time.
A Study of Language Use Impact in Radio Broadcasting: A Linguistic and Big Data Integration Approach
Authors: Praise Chukwunalu Young , Nwankwere Angela U. N. , Orji Dereck A. , Shah MohdAsif
Published: September 2022

Broadcasting more culturally educating and language-reviving contents are ways radio stations can help revitalize indigenous languages in Delta North in Nigeria. The challenges faced in communicating through indigenous dialects on radio stations are majorly caused by the lack of indigenous language professionals and linguists in the broadcast stations. The absence of these professionals is a major constraint to the development of the community. The broadcast media can help manage multilingualism through the introduction of new words which would give little or no room for lexicon dearth but would expand the language lexicon. Using these dialects during broadcast gives relevance to all dialects, reduces language dearth, and keeps people connected to their culture. Programmes anchored in indigenous dialects enhance the vocabulary, comprehension, and language vitality of the language. The study examined the impact of local language used in radio broadcasting using a descriptive big data survey research design. The study’s population comprises of all the inhabitants of Delta North from which a sample of 10 broadcast staff and 120 radio listeners in Delta North Senatorial District in Nigeria was drawn using a stratified random sampling technique. The instrument of data collection was a structured questionnaire with closed questions and a self-structured interview. The sample employed frequency distribution tables, percentages, and charts in the presentation and analysis of data. The results revealed that majority of the respondents in Delta North listened to radio broadcast indicating that the use of indigenous dialects/language can have massive impact on the people. The study also found that majority of the respondents use indigenous languages in their day-to-day activities, with English being used majorly only in schools. The study recommends, among others, that the National Broadcasting Commission review their policy on the allocated time of broadcast in indigenous languages and that more indigenous language experts and linguists should be incorporated into the broadcast system.
Impact of Credit Rating on the Bond Market Based on TIC Model
Authors: Zhang Xiaowen , Wang Yanrong
Published: September 2022

Although China’s bond market is expanding quickly and on a bigger scale than the stock market, it still faces a number of issues. One issue that restricts its long-term development is the relatively small scale of credit bonds. For the growth of credit bonds, it is necessary to boost the credit rating market first. In this study, it is assumed that the higher the credit rating of the bonds, the lower the issue cost will be. To prove this hypothesis, an empirical analysis has been made herein on the influence of credit ratings on the bond floatation market.
Statistical Analysis on the Mechanical Properties of ATH Nanofiller Addition on the Woven Jute/Polyester Hybrid Composites by the Grey–Taguchi Method
Authors: Mahesha CR , R Suprabha , Raja Ramesh D. , A S Rajesh , De Poures Melvin Victor , Subbiah Ram , Alonazi Wadi B. , Sivakumar S. , shata Agegnehu shara
Published: September 2022

The primary goal of this study is to determine how well the addition of alumina trihydride (ATH) fillers affects the material properties of hybridised polyester nanocomposites using a weaved jute fibre. The manual lay-up approach was used to create the hybrids, using control variables: (i) ATH filler weight ratio, (ii) stitched jute fiber width, and (iii) amount of stitched jute sheets, altogether at tierce dissimilar stages, to fulfil the goals of this study. By using L9 (33) symmetrical layout, 9 samples were constructed and tested in accordance with the ASTM specification. According to the study by Grey, biocomposites with 6% ATH dust and 250 gsm of weaved jute filaments in tierce have such a satisfactory outcome. Inclusion of dietary fibres to pure synthetic materials improved aggregate material properties. Even as fibre as well as pitch meditations raised, greater power was mandatory to fracture the fibres among matrices as well as their reinforcements.
Rapid Identification of Tobacco Mildew Based on Random Forest Algorithm
Authors: Jiang Zhimin , Zhang Wenjun , Huang Haixia , Zhai Zhengguang , chen Dairong , Ai Yongfeng , Li Bo , Chen Xiaoxiang
Published: September 2022

In order to further improve the identification efficiency of tobacco mildew, a rapid identification model of tobacco mildew based on random forest algorithm was proposed in this study. In order to ensure the feasibility and pertinence of the model study, this study takes redried leaf tobacco as the research object, selects high-temperature and high-humidity environment as the experimental conditions, and obtains the sample data of the degree of tobacco mildew under different experimental conditions. At the same time, this paper constructs a rapid identification model of tobacco mildew with the help of random forest algorithm. Through the model experimental results, it is found that the accuracy of the model for the rapid identification of training samples can reach 93.82%, while the accuracy of independent testing is 94.84%. The experimental results fully reflect the availability and efficiency of the random forest algorithm model in the rapid identification of tobacco mildew.
The Basic Reproduction Number for the Markovian SIR‐Type Epidemic Models: Comparison and Consistency
Authors: Alharthi Muteb Faraj
Published: September 2022

This paper is concerned with a well‐known epidemiological concept to measure the spread of infectious disease, that is, the basic reproduction number. This paper has two major objectives. The first is to examine Bayesian sensitivity and consistency of this measure for the case of Markov epidemic models. The second is to assess the Martingale method by comparing its performance to that of Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods in terms of estimating this parameter and the infection and removal rate parameters given only removal data. We specifically consider the Markovian SIR (Susceptible‐Infective‐Removed) epidemic model routinely employed in the literature with exponentially distributed infectious periods. For illustration, numerical simulation studies are performed. Abakaliki smallpox data are examined as a real data application.
A Study on the Prediction of House Price Index in First‐Tier Cities in China Based on Heterogeneous Integrated Learning Model
Authors: Mao Yaqi , Duan Yonghui , Guo Yibin , Wang Xiang , Gao Shen
Published: September 2022

To address the difficulty of low prediction accuracy, insufficient model stability, and certain lag associated with a single machine learning model in the prediction of house price, this paper proposes a multimodel fusion house price prediction model based on stacking integrated learning. Firstly, web search data affecting house prices were collected by web crawler technology, and Spearman correlation analysis was performed on the attribute set to reduce its complexity and establish a prediction index system for four first‐tier cities in China. Secondly, with the goal of improving accuracy, diversity, and generalization ability, the types of base learners as well as metalearners are determined, and the parameters of the base learners are optimized using the grey wolf optimization algorithm to produce the GWO‐stacking model, and the experimental results from four datasets demonstrate that the model has high prediction accuracy. Finally, to solve the issue of unintelligible black boxes in machine learning models, we have used the state‐of‐the‐art interpretation method SHAP combined with the LightGBM algorithm to interpret the model, and the result can be used as a basis for real estate policy planning and adjustment and even guide the demand of home buyers, thus improving the efficiency and effectiveness of government policy making.