bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Influence of a Game Room on Social Interaction, Emotional Well-Being, and Quality of Life Among Nursing Home Residents
Authors: Charles Gerard
Published: February 2025

Background: The global ageing population presents significant challenges for healthcare and social systems, with the number of individuals aged 60 and above projected to exceed 2 billion by 2050. In Singapore, where seniors constitute 12% of the population, nursing homes play a critical role in providing care. However, residents often lead sedentary lifestyles, increasing their risk of physical and cognitive decline. Recreational interventions, such as game rooms, offer opportunities for social interaction, emotional well-being, and cognitive stimulation. This study explores the influence of a game room on nursing home residents’ social interactions, emotional well-being, and quality of life, addressing gaps in understanding how such spaces can enhance residents’ daily experiences. Methods: This study was undertaken via a qualitative, phenomenological approach. Data was collected through face-to-face semi structured interviews and observations with field notes. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed. Baseline interviews were conducted prior to the initiation of the game room. After baseline data was collected, the game room was set up and introduced to the nursing home environment. Follow-up interviews were conducted three months after the initiation of the game room. Results: Findings revealed significant improvements in residents’ social connections, emotional states, and overall satisfaction. Residents reported forming new friendships, experiencing joy and purpose, and feeling more engaged in daily life. Observations corroborated these accounts, showing increased participation, positive interactions, and enthusiasm for game room activities. Conclusion: The game room emerged as a valuable intervention, enhancing residents’ well-being and fostering a sense of community. These results highlight the importance of recreational spaces in nursing homes and their potential to improve residents’ quality of life.
Prospective Case Series of Low-Energy Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Cataract Surgery in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Van Os Luc , De Backer Iske , Taal Michiel , Tassignon Marie-José
Published: February 2025

Background/Objectives: We report a consecutive prospective case series to obtain prospective safety and performance data of a low-energy femtosecond (FS)-laser for cataract surgery in children and to evaluate the applicability of the Bochum formula for capsulotomy diameter calculation. Methods: In pediatric lens surgery with implantation of a bag-in-the-lens intraocular lens (BIL IOL), anterior capsulotomies were performed using the FS-laser. Regression analysis was used to develop an age-dependent correction formula. Pearson correlation was used to evaluate applicability of the Bochum formula. Surgery related and ocular adverse events (AE) were recorded at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months postoperatively. Results: Thirteen eyes of 10 patients were included in analysis, among them 3 cases of subluxated lenses. The mean (SD) age was 3.10 ± 2.38 years (range: 4 months to 8 years). The linear bivalent regression yielded following formula: 1.27 – 0.014 x patient age. Age-related formulas such as the Bochum formula are required to calculate the programmed capsulotomy diameter. No complications related to the FS-laser or ocular AEs were observed up to six months; in particular no excessive shrinkage, retinal detachment or unusual inflammation were identified. Conclusions: This study indicates that the use of the low-energy femtosecond laser for anterior capsulotomy in pediatric lens surgery is safe and contributes to improved reliability and feasibility. The confirmed age dependence of the enlargement factor of the capsulotomy diameter might be related to the higher capsular elasticity in pediatric eyes.
Assessing the Negative Impacts of a Wind Turbine Park on People's Lives and Activities Based on the IF-DEMATEL Method
Authors: Uzhga-Rebrov Oleg
Published: February 2025

When designing and operating wind turbine parks, risks to people and the environment aris-ing from the operation of wind turbines should be identified and assessed. This paper presents one aspect of such risks – possible negative impacts of existing or planned wind turbine parks on the living conditions and activities of people near these parks. To assess and analyze relevant impacts, this paper uses the intuitionistic fuzzy method IF-DEMATEL. The choice of this method is associated with an extremely high degree of uncertainty of the initial information. In such cir-cumstances, it is more convenient for experts to express their subjective assessments in the form of linguistic terms. Then these linguistic terms are transformed into the form of triangular intui-tionistic fuzzy numbers (TINFs). These numbers form a set of initial data for using the IF-DEMATEL method.
Considerations for mRNA Product Development, Regulation and Deployment Across the Lifecycle
Authors: Skerritt John Howard
Published: February 2025

With the successful deployment of several mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV2, an mRNA vaccine against RSV (respiratory syncytial virus) and a large pipeline of mRNA products against other infectious diseases, cancers and rare diseases, it is important to examine the whole product lifecycle. mRNA technology enables product design, testing and manufacturing systems to be rapidly developed, but these advantages can be lost if other factors that determine public access are not closely considered. This review analyzes key aspects of the mRNA product lifecycle including candidate design, manufacturing, quality systems and product safety and storage. Regulatory thinking is well advanced in some countries but not others, but more thought on regulation of mRNA vaccines outside of a pandemic situation as well as mRNA therapeutics including individual neoantigen therapies and rare disease treatments is needed. Consumer acceptance - the “social license to operate” around mRNA products - is critical for their uptake, particularly outside of a pandemic.
The Impact of Blockchain Technology and Dynamic Capabilities on Banks’ Performance
Authors: Ogunrinde Abayomi , De-Pablos-Heredero Carmen , Montes-Botella Jose-Luis , Fernandez-Sanz Luis
Published: February 2025

Blockchain technology has sparked significant interest and is currently being researched by academics and practitioners due to its potential to reduce transaction costs, improve the security of transactions, transparency, etc. However, there is still much doubt about its impacts, and the technology is still in its infancy, with varying degrees of adoption among different financial institutions. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) analysis was utilized to test the impact of blockchain and dynamic capabilities on the Bankʹs Performance of top banks in Spain. The innovative approach seeks to understand how performance can be improved by deploying blockchain technology (BTE) in banks. Results showed a significant association between banks’ adoption of blockchain and the generation of dynamic capabilities and financial performance. Thus, we can confirm that a bank adopting blockchain will more likely create dynamic capabilities than those that do not. Hence, blockchain technology is an important tool for achieving dynamic capabilities and increasing performance in banks. Based on the findings, we suggest areas for additional research and highlight policy considerations related to the wider adoption of blockchain technology.
Pore-Scale Study on Confined Aqueous Flow in Shale Nanopores with Effects of Clay Swelling and Mixed Wettability
Authors: Huang Jingwei , Li Yuanping , Xie Chenyue , Zhao Hui , Yin Xiaolong
Published: February 2025

The confined fluid flow in nanopores is significantly influenced by the confined space and nanoscale phenomena. However, the mechanism of confined flow in shale matrix remains unclear due to the synthetic effects of clay swelling and mixed wettability. In this study, we analyzed confined aqueous flow in a 3D shale pore system using the lattice Boltzmann method. The impacts of clay swelling and wettability on the hydraulic conductivity of shale nanopores are quantified. Our study suggests that a hydrophobic surface increases the apparent permeability of shale nanopore. The decrease in permeability caused by clay swelling is more significant in water-wet shale. The relationship between permeability and porosity during clay swelling follows a power-law function, with the exponent being influenced by the contact angle. In addition, mixed wettability directly affects shale’s apparent permeability. It is shown that an elevated spatial distribution of water-repellent minerals results in an increased permeability. The process of clay swelling in mixed-wet shale is characterized by two distinct stages of permeability reduction. The boundary between these stages is determined by the volume fraction of water-repellent pores.
Statistical Analysis and Assessment of Transportation Effect on Air Pollution in in Falluja City, Iraq
Authors: Hammad Mohanad , Kareem Sabreen L. , Alnasrawi Fatin A.
Published: February 2025

Falluja City suffers from air pollution due to the increase in the number of vehicles, the intensity of their movement in city streets, and the organization of urban transport within the city. The aim of this study is the effect of transportation on the concentration of air pollutants such as CO, CO2, SO2, NO2, and HC in Fallujah. The concentrations of the mentioned pollutants were measured at nine traffic intersection locations, including Al-Hadra, Street 40, Maysaloun, East Fallujah, Alatifa, Kamalyat, Thathar, Al-Naziza, and Al-Takwa for five months period, starting from September (2023) to February (2024) The results showed that the highest CO concentration was in the Naziza area in November, reaching 2.85 ppm in the Naziza area, while the highest CO2 concentration was 400 ppm in the Hadara area in October. The highest concentration of NO2 reached the 40th Street area in November, while the SO2 concentration reached its maximum concentration in the 40th Street area, where it reached 0.78 ppm. As for the concentration of hydrocarbons, the highest concentration was 800 ppm in the 40th Street area in October. As for the spatial change, it is clear that the 40th Street area had a very high concentration of pollutants, and this is due to Traffic congestion at intersections. Statistical analysis of pollutant concentrations using one-way ANOVA using the Excel program it was understood that the variation in concentrations of different parameters based on stations are at P < 0.05 and significant since all F statistical values greater than F crit the null hypothesis can be rejected since There is evidence that not all the means are different.
The face of political social work in Zimbabwe
Authors: Mungwari Pride
Published: February 2025

Remedial and developmental methods have been dominating across different fields of social work practice. Even in social work literature, political social work methods have largely been scarce. This qualitative study explored what political social work looks like in Zimbabwe. A sample of seven social workers from different practice fields were drawn using snowballing and interviewed using an interview guide. The target was to sample 12 social workers from different practice fields. However, the study reached saturation at the 6th respondent. Data were analysed using thematic content analysis. Results show that political social work is practiced by a few social workers in human rights non-governmental organizations (NGOs) due to the risks and challenges associated with it in Zimbabwe. It is predominantly used as an indirect response to state perpetrated and systemic injustices. It also emerged that its practice is restricted by a host of challenges including security threats, lack of curriculum content on political social work, and a state that is intolerant to its critics. The findings can be useful in enhancing both political social work scholarship and practice in Zimbabwe. It is important that the Council of Social Work, National Association of Social Workers and various schools of social work in Zimbabwe improve curriculum content on political social work and collaboratively lobby government for recognition of political social work. The findings demonstrate incapabilities of remedial and developmental approaches to address social injustices in which the state is implicated. When properly structured, legally protected, and integrated with other social work methods, political social work can uproot systemic injustices affecting Zimbabwe.
Impact of Soil Additions Fertilizers and Foliar Chlorella Vulgaris Extract on Soil Properties and productivity of Lettuce Plant Grown Under Saline Soil Conditions
Authors: El-Tawwab Ahmed R. Abd , Abdel-Moatamed Basma R. , Gyushi Mohammed A. H.
Published: February 2025

Sustainable agriculture is essential for addressing global challenges such as climate change, food insecurity, and environmental degradation. This study, conducted at Fayoum University’s Demo Farm in Egypt, investigated the effects of mineral and organic amendments, combined with foliar application of Chlorella vulgaris extract, on soil properties and lettuce productivity in salt-affected soils during the 2022/2023 and 2023/2024 winter seasons. Treatments included compost (C), biochar (B), a compost-biochar blend (CB-blend), and mineral fertilizers, with or without Chlorella vulgaris extract foliar spray. Results revealed that the CB-blend significantly enhanced soil properties, including bulk density, hydraulic conductivity, organic matter, nutrient availability, and microbial activity. The combination of CB-blend (5 t fad− 1 of compost + 5 t fad− 1 of biochar were mixed) and a chlorella vulgaris extract (CVextr) 10% foliar spray increased lettuce yield by 194.68% compared to untreated soil, demonstrating improved growth parameters such as head weight, circumference, and leaf area. These findings highlight the synergistic benefits of organic amendments and bio-stimulants in improving soil health, crop resilience, and productivity under saline conditions. The study advocates for the adoption of compost, biochar, and chlorella vulgaris extract (CVextr) 10% foliar spray as sustainable alternatives to synthetic fertilizers, offering a viable strategy for organic farming systems to mitigate saline stress and promote environmental sustainability.
"Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant Potential, and Insecticidal Activity of Moringa oleifera Extracts Against Tribolium castaneum: A Sustainable Approach to Pest Management"
Authors: Ghada Ben Khedher , Marwa Rezgui , Shah Tawaf Ali , Dabiellil Mutwakel , Dawoud Turki M. , Bourhia Mohammed , Tebra Triki , Hadhami Chargui , Tarek Slatni , Chiraz Chaffei-Haouari
Published: February 2025

Moringa oleifera, known for its rich phytochemical profile, offers a promising natural alternative for sustainable pest management. This study investigates the phytochemical composition, antioxidant activity, and evauates for the first time the insecticidal potential of M. oleifera extracts against Tribolium castaneum. Extracts were obtained from different plant parts (leaves, stems, roots, and seeds) using ethanol, methanol, acetone, and distillated water. Phytochemical analysis revealed high concentrations of total phenolics (7.18 µg GAE/mg DW in ethanol leaf extract), flavonoids (23.52 µg QE/mg DW in ethanol leaf extract), tannins (245.4 mg CE/g DW in acetone seed extract), saponins (13.7 in methanol leaf extract), and alkaloids (30.06 mg atropine/100mL in water stem extract). HPLC analysis identified various bioactive compound, including phenolic acids (gallic acid, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid), flavonoids (apigenin, quercetin, kaempferol), flavanols (catechin, epicatechin, procyanidin dimers), and iridoids (oleuroside). Among these, gallic acid, quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside and kaempferol were detected in high concentrations. Antioxidant assays showed significant free radical scavenging activity, with methanol root extract displaying the highest DPPH inhibition (7.1%). Total antioxidant activity peaked at 36.12 mg GAE/g DW in methanol stem extract. Insecticidal bioassays demonstrated that ethanol root extracts achieved 90% mortality of T. castaneum within 24 hours at a 30% concentration. These findings highlight M. oleifera as a potent bioinsecticide with strong antioxidant properties, supporting its integration into sustainable pest management strategies. Further research should focus on formulation stability and field application for large-scale use.
Route of fecal microbiota transplantation delivery determined the dynamics and predictability of donor microbe colonization
Authors: Oladele Paul , Dong Wenxuan , Richert Brian , Johnson Timothy A.
Published: February 2025

Background
Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and the colonization of delivered donor microbes has been reported to improve the negative effects like decrease in body weight, diarrhea, and gut barrier disruption associated with weaning in pigs. However, delivery of FMT in pigs is still invasive and predicting the colonization or rejection of donor microbes remains challenging. Therefore, this study developed a non-invasive in-feed delivery of FMT and evaluated the effect of mode of delivery of FMT on growth performance, gut physiology, microbiota dynamics, and predictability of colonization or rejection of donor microbes in recipient pigs. Forty weaned piglets (10 per group) were administered FMT through one of three routes; oral, rectal, or amended in-feed. The control group was orally administered sterile saline to simulate the handling stress.
Result
Pigs in the FMT groups had higher average daily weight gain (ADG) from day 0–2 post-weaning. An increase in community diversity and a shift in the recipient community towards the donor in all FMT groups was observed on day 5. The oral group had the highest colonization (15.12%) and the lowest rejection (19.34%) rates, while colonization was 13.82% and 11.78% in rectal and in-feed group respectively. On day 4, colon crypt depth was increased in all FMT groups but an increase in villus length was only observed in the in-feed group. Colonization and rejection of donor microbes in the recipient animals could be predicted in all routes of FMT, but the efficacy of prediction was influenced by the route of delivery. In-feed FMT had the lowest colonization prediction which may have been influenced by the need for voluntary consumption of fecal materials in the in-feed group. The ten most abundant genera in the recipient prior to FMT (background community) was the most important feature in predicting colonization for all routes of fecal microbiota transplant.
Conclusion
FMT administered as a lyophilized feed additive shows promise in altering microbiome community structure. While colonization and rejection of donor microbes within the recipient community are predictable, the efficacy of these predictions varies with the route of transplant. This suggests that different prediction models are necessary for each delivery mode of FMT in pigs.
The Correlation Between Artificial Intelligence Literacy and Artificial Intelligence Anxiety in Audiology Students
Authors: Kuntman Berna Deniz , Polat Anı Parabakan
Published: February 2025

Background
Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming progresivelly important in health sciences. It is therefore indispensable to assess health science students’ views, attitudes, awareness, knowledge, literacy and anxiety levels related to AI.
Aims
This study aims to evaluate the AI ​​literacy levels and AI anxiety levels of undergraduate audiology students and, additionally to evaluate the relationship between AI literacy and AI anxiety.
Method
A correlational research was designed. 231 undergraduate audiology students were enrolled in this research. The research data was collected through Artificial Intelligence Literacy Scale (AILS) and Artficial Intelligence Anxiety Scale (AIAS).
Results
The AILS score was 39.49±5.50, and AIAS was 46.13±12.31. Although correlations were found among various sub-dimensions, and between total scores and sub-dimensions of AILS and AIAS in audiology undergraduate students, there was no relationship between the total scores of AIAS and AILS (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
It is possible to assert that as awareness and usage sub-dimensions of artificial intelligence literacy increases, artificial intelligence anxiety decreases. Therefore, it can be suggested to increase artificial intelligence literacy levels and reduce artificial intelligence anxiety levels by including artificial intelligence training in the audiology curriculum.
Measurement of motivation states for physical activity and rest among adolescents: Validation of the 9-item and the single-item versions of the CRAVE Scale in the Arabic language
Authors: Younes Samar , Mourad Nisreen , Haj Mohamad El , Malaeb Diana , Sakr Fouad , Dabbous Mariam , Khatib Sami El , Fekih-Romdhane Feten , Hallit Souheil , Obeid Sahar
Published: February 2025

Background
Physical activity and rest patterns among adolescents significantly impact their health and development. However, there is a lack of validated tools to measure motivation states for physical activity and rest in Arabic-speaking populations. This study aimed to validate both the 9-item and single-item versions of the Cravings for Rest and Volitional Energy Expenditure (CRAVE) scale in Arabic among adolescents and evaluate its psychometric properties.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among Lebanese adolescents using an online survey. The CRAVE scale was translated to Arabic following international guidelines. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to assess the scale's structure. Internal consistency was evaluated using McDonald's ω and Cronbach's α. Gender invariance was tested, and concurrent validity was examined through correlations with measures of depression, anxiety, stress, and insomnia.
Results
A total of 600 Lebanese adolescents (mean age 15.94 ± 1.72 years, 59.2% females) completed the survey. The two-factor model showed good fit indices (RMSEA = .086, SRMR = .061, CFI = .975, TLI = .966) and excellent internal consistency for both move (ω = .96) and rest (ω = .92) subscales. Measurement invariance was established across genders, with no significant differences in move and rest scores between males and females. Higher Move desires were associated with lower levels of depression (r = − .17), anxiety (r = − .18), stress (r = − .08), and insomnia (r = − .14), while higher Rest desires showed positive correlations with these variables. Both single-item versions demonstrated strong psychometric properties in the Arabic adaptation, though optimal indicators varied culturally.
Conclusion
The Arabic version of the CRAVE scale, in both 9-item and single-item formats, demonstrates strong reliability and validity for measuring motivation states for physical activity and rest among Arabic-speaking adolescents. This validation provides a valuable tool for research and clinical applications in Arabic-speaking populations, enabling better assessment and understanding of physical activity motivation patterns in this demographic.
Effect of job insecurity on the relationship between locus of control and supervisor performance
Authors: Zaky Muhammad , Sandi Marta M.
Published: February 2025

Supervisor performance is a highly interesting topic to study and research in state-owned enterprises, considering its critical role in improving the performance of state-owned companies in Indonesia. However, supervisor performance is hindered by job insecurity, which they experience as long as they do not have job assurance from the company. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the relationship between locus of control and supervisor performance while also examining the moderating role of job insecurity in this relationship within the national electricity company. This study uses an explanatory method with a quantitative approach. The purposive sampling technique was applied to survey 137 respondents, all of whom are supervisors with at least one year of experience in planning, operations, and electrical evaluation at the State Electricity Company in West Java, Indonesia. The data analysis technique is moderated regression analysis, assisted by SPSS version 27 software. The results show that locus of control has a positive and significant effect on supervisor performance (Coef = 0.529, p < 0.05), and job insecurity weakens the relationship between locus of control and supervisor performance (Coef = –0.108, p < 0.05). This study emphasizes the importance of organizations providing job security to supervisors to enhance the performance of state-owned enterprises. Jobs that the organization does not guarantee can reduce the sensitivity of supervisors in developing the organization.
Contribuições da ciência logosófica para o mundo digital
Authors: Filó Maurício da Cunha Savino , Zeferino Morgana Comin
Published: February 2025

O objetivo deste artigo é pesquisar as contribuições da Ciência Logosófica para o mundo digital. O problema de pesquisa é: quais contribuições a Ciência Logosófica pode fornecer ao uso das mídias digitais? A pesquisa desenvolve-se em quatro seções. A primeira aborda os impactos das revoluções industriais nos direitos humanos, com ênfase nas novas tecnologias da informação e comunicação. Na segunda, compreendem-se aspectos do uso de algoritmos de Inteligência artificial (IA), com destaque nas tecnologias machine learning e deep learning e seus impactos nos direitos humanos. Na terceira, a Logosofia é apresentada como ciência latino-americana, ressaltando aspectos do conhecimento de si mesmo, que incluem a formação integral do ser humano. A 4ª seção explora a aplicação de conhecimentos logosóficos no contexto das mídias digitais, com ênfase nos conceitos de sistema mental, faculdades da mente e pensamentos. O método utilizado é dedutivo, com procedimento monográfico e pesquisa bibliográfica. Conclui-se que a Logosofia contribui para o aprimoramento da vida nas plataformas digitais, auxiliando outras ciências no desenvolvimento e concretização dos direitos humanos.
Thermally treated mango seed kernel as an adsorbent for removal of methylene blue: surface area and adsorption studies
Authors: Saeed Muhammad Umer , Ahmad Muhammad
Published: February 2025

Designing a biosorbent material with highly efficient adsorbent ability and cost-effectiveness is challenging. Conventional biosorbent materials have inherent drawbacks, including high cost, small porosity, less thermal stability, and low effective surface area. Herein, we employed a pyrolysis method at 600 °C to synthesize biochar derived from mango seed kernel (MSK) as an alternative biosorbent material to circumvent these shortcomings. The obtained results evidently indicate the adsorption capacity (qmax) from the Langmuir fit (R2 = 0.995) using nonlinear regression came out to be 67.56 mg/g. Two hours of contact time was required to establish equilibrium, and pH seems to have little effect on adsorption. The calculated surface area by the adsorption process was found to be 85.19 m2/g for MSK-600 revealing the intriguing surface morphology of MSK-600 in the adsorption of methylene blue and findings of our work were then compared with the activated carbon (charcoal) by determining the surface area and adsorption capacity. Our findings imply the potential for effective alternative application of MSK for (bio)sorbent development.
Empirical Analysis of Landslide Runout in Late Pleistocene Glacial Strata in the Eastern Salish Lowland, Washington
Authors: Molinari Mark P. , Woodworth Carla R. , Gibson Cody R. , Deng Michelle
Published: February 2025

Empirical relationships were developed to estimate potential landslide runout length and deposit area for slopes in the eastern Salish (Puget) Lowland in northwestern Washington. Published empirical equations use landslide parameters of runout length (L), height (H), reach angle (α), deposit area (A), and volume (V) and linear or log-based regressions. Most data sets include varying landslide types and sizes, geology, and geographic locations, and many are for long-runout debris flows, lahars, and rock avalanches. The Salish Lowland is well suited for a regional study because of the available high-quality topographic data, slopes with relatively consistent topography and geology, and numerous landslides. The total data set includes 223 landslides mapped in the Cedar River (N = 141), North Fork Stillaguamish River (N = 17), and Skagit River–Finney Creek (N = 65) valleys. The data include H and L for debris slides (N = 162), debris flows (N = 39), and flow slides and debris avalanches (N = 22), and V and A data for the Cedar River landslides. Log-log regressions for the total data and landslide type subsets have good correlations for L as a function of H (R2 = 0.71 to 0.77) and A as a function of V (R2 = 0.76 to 0.95). However, relationships using α or tan α have very poor correlations. This methodology can be used to assess probabilities of L and A for landslide runout risk assessment of slopes in the Salish Lowland primarily underlain by late Pleistocene glacial and interglacial deposits.
METHODS FOR IMPROVING METROLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF ΣΔ-ADC
Authors:   Scientific-Research Institute of Physical Measurements, G. Dmitrienko Aleksey , Yu. Piskaev Kirill ,   Penza State Technological University, V. Gudkov Kirill ,   Penza State Technological University, V. Tyurin Mikhail ,   Scientific-Research Institute of Physical Measurements
Published: February 2025

Background. ADC / DAC are one of the main elements of modern technical systems and, in general, most digital devices that interact with the environment. The Russian radio-electronic industry today cannot fully satisfy the existing requirements either in terms of the range of manufactured products, or in terms of the metrological and technicaloperational properties of data converters. Materials and methods. In the field of integrating type ADCs, high metrological characteristics of advanced sigma-delta ADC microcircuits are often achieved by the implementation of complex circuit solutions that ensure the minimization of methodological and instrumental conversion errors. Results and conclusions. The paper considers methods for improving the sigma-delta ADC in an algorithmic way. In particular, algorithms for generating a sweeping function for sigma-delta modulators based on continuous integrators are shown, which provide an increase in the oversampling factor and a decrease in the depth of modulation of the average voltage value at the output of the integrator.
METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH TO IMPROVING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE REHABILITATION PROCESS BASED ON THE ANALYSIS OF STREAMING SPEECH DATA
Authors:   Penza State University, N. Tychkova Anna , K. Alimuradov Alan ,   Penza State University
Published: February 2025

Background. Prompt and effective rehabilitation of people with mental retardation through processing and analysis of streaming speech data is important for the timely response of medical decision support systems aimed at improving the condition of a person with disabilities. The purpose of this work is to present an original methodological approach that ensures increased efficiency and efficiency of assessing the rehabilitation process of people with mental retardation through the analysis of informative parameters of speech signals under audiovisual stimulation. Materials and methods. To achieve the stated goals, the work uses mathematical and statistical methods for processing and detecting amplitude, frequency and time parameters of speech signals, programming and mathematical modeling. Results. A scheme has been developed for forming an information subsystem for recording speech signals in a person with mental retardation, which includes various stages of processing and analyzing speech signals in order to form a set of informative significant parameters. Conclusions. A methodological approach to increasing the efficiency of the rehabilitation process through the use of original algorithms and programs for detecting and comparing significant parameters of speech signals before and after the rehabilitation process and adjusting the process through negative feedback is presented and substantiated.
MEASUREMENT OF CHARGE INSTABILITY OF TIR STRUCTURE
Authors:   Penza State University, A. Tashlintsev Dmitry , M. Chaykovskiy Victor ,   Penza State University
Published: February 2025

Background. The information content of the complex for measuring the parameters of the TIR structure can be increased by using a GLIN implemented on the basis of a microcontroller in its configuration. Materials and methods. The method of a "small" signal is used, designed for the analysis of nonlinear electrical systems representing semiconductor structures, and used to model the transfer function and describe the response of such systems at "small" values of the amplitude of the measuring signal supplied to the input of the system. This approach allows us to evaluate the response of a system with a semiconductor, which is a metal-dielectric-semiconductor (MDP) structure, and fix the C-V characteristics of this structure. Results. The addition of a microcontroller to the GLIN makes it possible to implement a universal research complex that can assess in more detail the characteristics of a TIR structure with dielectric layers of various thicknesses, both thin and significantly enlarged. Conclusions. The use of a microcontroller in GLIN, capable, along with the operations of memorization and storage, to perform the computational ones necessary for the final assessment of the charge instability of the TIR structure, not only expands the amount of information received, but also allows us to evaluate the reaction of the investigated TIR structure, located in various energy states, to the external influence of a "small" signal.
JUSTIFICATION OF CIRCUIT DESIGN SUGGESTIONS FOR IMPROVING ACCURACY PARAMETERS OF THE INTEGRATING ACCELEROMETER
Authors:   Military Space Academy named after A.F. Mozhaisky, A. Vatutin Mikhail , N. Koshel Igor ,   Military Space Academy named after A.F. Mozhaisky, V. Burmistrov Vladimir ,   Military Space Academy named after A.F. Mozhaisky, A. Petrov Nikita ,   Military Space Academy named after A.F. Mozhaisky
Published: February 2025

Background. Most modern digital voltmeters use an integrating time-to-pulse analogue-to-digital converter (ADC). The conversion process can be divided into two stages – integration and counting. During the counting, in accordance with the principle of the converter, the integrated input value is compared with the reference value stored in the converter. The goal is to develop a methodology for building f bipolar reference voltage source without reducing the accuracy parameters. Materials and methods. An approach to the construction of a bipolar reference voltage source of an integration analogue-digital converter is presented, in which integration occurs during the entire time of the input signal conversion. The novelty of the approach lies in the development of circuitry solutions for the use of a single precision Zener diode to form a bipolar reference voltage. Results. Presented: principal electrical scheme of a bipolar reference voltage source and its mathematical model of error; recommendations for the choice of a radio elements used; method of the schematic construction of a bipolar reference voltage source. Conclusions. The use of the considered technique allows to increase the stability of the threshold levels of comparison of the Schmitt trigger and, thus, to more accurately integrate the input signal. The results can be used to build integrating ADC for wide application in industrial devices and other fields of science and technology.
Desenhos que ensinam sobre o passado: a aplicabilidade das histórias em quadrinhos (hqs) no ensino de história
Authors:   , Costa Jonathan Diógenes
Published: February 2025

A História tem sido escrita e ressignificada, sobretudo, após a eclosão da influência dos Annales. A problematização das mais diversas fontes suscitou o levantamento de novos olhares sobre o campo da pesquisa historiográfica e do Ensino de História. Dentre o universo da cultura visual que se desponta, a História em Quadrinhos (HQ) representa uma fonte engenhosa para a tessitura da História ensinada. Diante desse panorama, este trabalho se propõe a investigar a aplicabilidade das HQs no Ensino de História, tendo como base teórica os estudos de Eisner, Vergueiro, Palhares, Vilela, Circe Bittencourt e Maria Auxiliadora Schmitt. O texto está estruturado em duas grandes vertentes: primeiramente, aborda-se a evolução das HQs para depois analisar sua aplicabilidade no Ensino, em sala de aula. Contempla-se igualmente um percurso historiográfico da disciplina de História e o surgimento das novas fontes de pesquisa e de Ensino, onde a HQ encontra seu lugar cativo. Em seguida, através da análise das imagens de três HQs - D. João Carioca: A corte portuguesa no Brasil (1808-1821); História do Brasil em Quadrinhos e A luta contra Canudos – aborda-se a aplicabilidade da cultura visual no Ensino, sem se esquecer das reflexões que aguçam o senso crítico dos discentes, em sala de aula, para formar alunos-cidadãos comprometidos com as realidades que os cercam
O atendimento educacional especializado (AEE):exercício democrático diante da desigualdade social em tempos de pandemia
Authors: Santos Regina Kelly dos , Silva Heloiza Aline Pereira , Soares Francisca Maria Gomes Cabral
Published: February 2025

A pandemia de covid-19 fez com que os professores buscassem estratégias para reinventar sua prática pedagógica, enfrentando desafios sociais. Nesse propósito a sala de aula, repentinamente, foi substituída pelo espaço domiciliar. Diante da nova realidade, as ações docentes foram reinventadas no Atendimento Educacional Especializado (AEE). A fim de discutir esse contexto, apresenta-se a seguinte problemática: quais os desafios enfrentados pelos profissionais do AEE durante o ensino remoto emergencial? O objetivo é identificar os desafios enfrentados pelos profissionais do AEE durante as aulas remotas. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, do tipo exploratória, para discutir sobre o AEE em tempos da pandemia provocada pela covid-19. Para isso, foi utilizado o aporte teórico que discute acerca da temática, tais como: Debord (1997), Santos M. (2001), Mantoan (2003, 2005), Santos R. (2018) e os documentos normativos: Diretrizes Operacionais da Educação Especial para o Atendimento Educacional Especializado na Educação Básica (2008) e Plano de Atividade Remota, em tempos de pandemia, para o Sistema Municipal de Ensino de Mossoró (RN) (2020). Para a construção dos dados, foi utilizado como instrumento um questionário enviado, por meio da rede social Whatsapp, para cinco profissionais do AEE que atuam no município de Mossoró (RN). Os resultados problematizaram o acompanhamento realizado pelo profissional do AEE e a falta de acesso à tecnologia, além da dificuldade de acompanhamento pelos responsáveis pelos alunos, o que proporcionou momentos de desigualdades diante das atividades planejadas. Assim, evidenciou-se que ser professor no cenário atual é formar cidadãos para além da leitura e escrita, é formar para o entender e interpretar as situações e conflitos diários, buscando alternativas que provoquem o avanço no meio educacional e social em que vive. Ser professor do AEE também é estimular essas aprendizagens e contribuir para o avanço significativo da pessoa com deficiência.
Designing the Concept of Regional Innovation Sustainability: The Triple Bottom Line Concept Approach and Sustainable Evaluation
Authors: Ammar Muhammad , Bangsawan Gema , Asriani Asriani
Published: February 2025

Sustainability of performance target achievement. While quantitative target achievement has reached an ideal state, it is often accompanied by a lack of sustainability as a continuous cycle. This cycle should be established from the inception of regional innovations, preventing them from becoming a burden on the government due to the utilization of various resources, including budget, time, and innovation actors. This research employs a qualitative approach with literature review data analysis to explore research perspectives and establish a framework aligned with the research subject. This approach facilitates developing or deepening theories and insights into the research subject. Previous research has focused on applying sustainability concepts within companies or corporations to enhance economic growth (revenue), social responsibility (community), and environmental sustainability. This research formulates a conceptual design for a sustainability assessment standard using empirically tested indicators for local governments. The concept utilizes the triple bottom line (TBL) approach, encompassing three dimensions: prosperity, people, and planet. These three dimensions serve as the focal points of intervention within the sustainability framework of this concept. The concept evaluates the potential for developing and continuing existing practices or, alternatively, identifies opportunities for cessation and replacement with more effective and efficient implementation methods through economic, social, and environmental dimensions. This research successfully develops an evaluation matrix for assessing regional innovation and establishes indicators that can be used as measurement tools within local government organizational units at smaller scales. However, the research is limited in its ability to generalize sustainability from a single framework or concept to diverse concepts tailored to the specific conditions of individual local governments. Time and methodological constraints also limit the scope of the research, leaving room for further refinement and expansion in future studies.
Telemedicine Application for Non-Rigid Facial Rehabilitation Training Enhanced by EffiFCNN-ResNet to Improve Accessibility for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cancer Patients：A Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Wu Tong , Han Ting , Zhang Xiaoju , Dai Yumei , Meng Xiaoyan
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND

Resource limitations in public hospitals may hinder the timely monitoring and management of rehabilitation in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) following radiotherapy.

OBJECTIVE

This study developed and evaluated the telemedicine application "Open Care," which integrates the EffiFCNN-ResNet model and computer vision to monitor and provide real-time feedback on facial training exercises, aiming to improve outcomes for patients with restricted mouth opening.

METHODS

A parallel-group, two-arm randomized controlled trial was conducted with 108 patients, randomly assigned to either the intervention group (n = 54) or the control group (n = 54).The intervention group performed mouth-opening exercises under the supervision and guidance of the telemedicine application, while the control group followed traditional video-based instructions.Primary outcome measures included maximum mouth opening, mouth opening symmetry, exercise frequency, and rehabilitation-related health beliefs. Secondary outcomes included fatigue (Brief Fatigue Inventory), health-related quality of life (AQoL-6D), and system usability (SUS). Data were analyzed using T-tests, chi-square tests, and Mann-Whitney U tests.

RESULTS

Results showed significant improvements in the intervention group in maximum mouth opening, exercise frequency, perceived benefits, self-efficacy, and action cues (p < 0.05). The system demonstrated 98.2% accuracy in assessing facial training exercises. Participants also reported favorable training experiences.

CONCLUSIONS

This telemedicine approach was more effective than traditional methods, improving patient engagement and rehabilitation outcomes, while providing a more objective and precise monitoring tool. Future applications may benefit NPC and other head and neck cancer patients.

CLINICALTRIAL

Clinical trial registration:ChiCTR2400090305
Ethical approval:2404294-Exp8
A Novel Dietary Inflammatory Score and Risk of Incident Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Kim Hyunju , Yin Yang , Steffen Lyn M. , Lutsey Pamela L. , Grams Morgan E. , Walker Keenan A. , Ugoji Chinenye , Matsushita Kunihiro , Rebholz Casey M.
Published: February 2025

Background:

Inflammation contributes to the onset of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Diet is a modifiable risk factor for CKD; however, it remains unknown if the inflammatory potential of the diet is prospectively associated with CKD risk in healthy individuals.

Methods:

In 9,814 participants (mean age: 60 years) free of CKD in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study at visit 3 (1993-1995), we developed a novel empirically-derived, food-based, dietary inflammatory score (Comprehensive Dietary Inflammation Index, CDII) from a random two-thirds sample (N=6,542, discovery) and validated in the remaining one-third sample (N=3,272, validation). Reduced rank regression with 13 inflammatory biomarkers as the response variables and 31 food groups as the independent variables was used to develop the CDII. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI%) and test the association between the CDII and incident CKD, adjusting for important confounders.

Results:

The CDII included eight food groups (four pro-inflammatory and four anti-inflammatory), with a higher score representing a more pro-inflammatory diet. In the validation sample, the CDII was positively correlated with most pro-inflammatory proteins (C-reactive protein, interferon-γ, interleukin-8, interleukin-6, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) and negatively correlated with adiponectin. However, the CDII was positively associated with one anti-inflammatory protein (transforming growth factor-β). Over a median-follow-up of 19 years (mean follow-up of 18 years), 3,293 participants developed CKD. A diet that was the most vs. least concordant with the CDII (quartile 4 vs. quartile 1) had 28% greater risk of incident CKD (HR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.15, 1.43, P trend<0.001).

Conclusions:

A novel diet score, representing its inflammatory potential, was associated with a higher risk of developing CKD. Reducing consumption of pro-inflammatory diet may be a strategy to prevent CKD.
Trends in Timing of Preemptive Kidney Transplantation and Association with Allograft and Survival Outcomes in Children
Authors: Winnicki Erica , Copeland Timothy P. , Kim Ashley , Glenn Lecea Eva M. , McCulloch Charles E. , Ku Elaine
Published: February 2025

Background:

There has been a recent trend towards starting dialysis at higher estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFRs) in children, with no identified survival benefits. We aimed to determine whether there are similar trends in the timing of preemptive kidney transplant and whether higher eGFR (≥15 ml/min/1.73 m2) at preemptive kidney transplant was associated with clinical outcomes among US children.

Methods:

We performed a retrospective cohort study of 1,514 children in the United States Renal Data System who received a preemptive kidney transplant between 2006-2019. In primary analysis, we examined the association between calendar year and eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) at the time of preemptive kidney transplant, categorized as higher (eGFR ≥15) versus lower (eGFR <15) using logistic regressions. The relationship between eGFR at preemptive kidney transplant and graft failure or death was assessed using Cox proportional hazards and Fine-Gray models.

Results:

We found a temporal trend in eGFR at preemptive kidney transplant in children; every five-year increase in calendar period was associated with 55% higher odds (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.35-1.79) of receiving a preemptive kidney transplant at higher eGFR. There was no association between preemptive kidney transplant at higher (versus lower) eGFR and the risk of allograft failure or death (hazard ratio [HR] 1.12, 95% CI 0.87-1.43) over a median follow-up of 5.7 years.

Conclusion:

There has been a trend towards preemptive kidney transplant at higher eGFR over time in children. Receipt of a preemptive kidney transplant at higher eGFR was not associated with allograft or patient survival. Implications of these trends deserve further study.