bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Prostaglandins F2 on the Evaluation of Vaginal Epithelial Cells of Iraqi Ewes during Puerperium
Authors: Zaid Nazih Wayes
Published: May 2021

This study was carried on 24 adult multipara Iraqi ewes in experimentalfarm related to College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Baghdad during2005. This study revealed the effect of prostaglandin F2 during puerperiumperiod through the evaluation of vaginal epithelial cells by using vaginal smearmethods. Intramuscular injection of 1 ml prostaglandin F2 (Iliren®) (tiaprosttrometamol=0.196mg) was done in the 4th days after parturition to 12 ewes. Thevaginal smears were taken in the 4th, 16th and 28th days. Histologicalexamination revealed that the intermediate epithelial cells were a predominant.Keratinized cells were takes place in all epithelial cells. Vacuolations werepresent in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells, meanwhile presence of WBCs in the16th and 28th days were obvious. This indicates the benefit usage ofprostaglandin F2 during puerperium period to accelerate ovarian rebound
Diagnosis Of Fetal Mortality In Ewes And The Time Of Occurrence Using Real- time B. mode Ultrasonography
Authors: AL-Rawi H. M.
Published: May 2021

The aim of this study was to diagnose fetal mortality and the time ofoccurrence using real-time ultrasonography. 118 ewes were included in thisexperiment, to synchronized estrus of 47 ewes were carried out by usingintravaginal sponges containing 40 mg progesterone for 14 days and theninjected intramuscularly with 500IU of eCG at the time of sponge withdrawal,while 71 ewes were not treated and left to cycling normally. All ewes weremated naturally. In order to determinate of fetal numbers and observing fetalmortality, ewes were examined by 5MHz real- time ultrasonography at interval20-24, 25-29, 30-34, 35-39 and after day 40 after breeding. The results showedthat embryonic mortality rate in non treated and in treated ewes were 21.4,45.7% respectively. A high embryonic mortality rate occurred in treated and nontreated ewes within 20-24 days of gestation. There was a positive correlationbetween embryonic number and embryonic mortality in treated ewes.
The Effect of Copper Deficiency on Essential Component Of Sheep Milk
Authors: AL-Agealy Khulood K.
Published: May 2021

The main objective of this study was to determine the effect of copperdeficiency on some milk constituents of ewes.(Thirty)raw milk samples havebeen collected in the morning and before feeding of the ewes,(10) of themfrom ewes suffering from copper deficiency and the other(20) milk sampleswere collected from healthy ewes .The percentages of fat ,protein ,lactose,chloride, specific gravity, moisture and the pH of milk were determined.The results have shown that copper deficiency have an effect on the milkconstituents where all milk samples collected from ewes suffering fromcopper deficiency had significantly (p<0.01) lower percentages of fat(5.70%) ,protein(3.0%), lactose (3.4%)and specific gravity (1.0338) than those collected from healthy ewes that had(7.62%),(4.0%),(4.07%) and (1.0369) respectively.Data revealed that there was a significant (p<0.01) increase in thepercentage of moisture (87%) and non significant (p>0.05) increase in thepercentage of chloride (0.0921%) in the milk samples collected from ewessuffering from copper deficiency than healthy ones that had (83%) and(0.0858%) respectively. In addition to that no changes in the pH valuesbetween all milk samples were noticed
Estimation of fetal age in sheep by measurement of transthoracic , transabdominal, cotyledon length and width by using real- time ultrasonography
Authors: AL-Rawi H. M.
Published: May 2021

This experiment includes 228 local Awassi ewes between 2 to 5 yearsold. The aim of this experiment was to estimate the fetal age bymeasurement of transthoracic, transabdominal, cotyledon length and widthduring different period of gestation by using 5MHz real-timeultrasonography. Linear, quadratic and cubic equations were described,which adjust the relationship between the gestation age and each oftransthoracic, transabdominal, cotyledon length and width. Results indicatedthat the quadratic equations of transthoracic and transabdominal were thebest equations; while the cubic equations of each of the cotyledon length andwidth were the best equations to estimate the fetal age
Cross Immunological reaction between Nocardia asteroides and Salmonella typhimurium in mice
Authors: Alwan Muhamed Juweed
Published: May 2021

The aim of this study was carried out to demonstrate the cross-immunitybetween Nocardia asteroids and Salmonella typhimurium antigens in mice.18 mice, from both sex,were randomally divided into three groups equally.the first group immunized subcutaneously with 0.0 5 micrometer / animal ofNocardia asteroids antigen and abooster dose of the same antigen wasinjected after week of the first dose. The second group was treated as thefirst group with Salmonella typhimurium antigen. .The third group wasserved as non-immunized control group. Delayed hypersensitivity and tubeagglutination test were checked at 30 days post-immunization. By usingNocardin and Sallmonelin antigens.The results revealed that the animals were immunized with Nocardiaantigens given agood immune response against nocardin and sallmonelin andalso those animal were immunized with Salmonella antigens showedimmune response against nocardin and sallmonelin antigen ,this may beindicated across- protection between Nocardia andSalmonella antigen .
Comparative cellular immune response study of anthraxin prepared by a modified method with antigens extracted from Bacillus anthracis
Authors: Al-Juboury An'am J.L.
Published: May 2021

The study was aimed to comparison of anthraxin prepared by a modifiedmethod from cell-wall extract of avirulent B .anthracis strain 34F2(Sterne)with antigens extracted from the same strain as 1/40 antigen, autoclaved 1/40and the crude toxin. These antigens were compared on their induction of cellmediatedimmunity (CMI) in guinea pigs. Animals were immunized andboosted subcutaneously with the Sterne live veterinary anthrax vaccine. Twoweeks after the booster dose, animals were skin-tested with the four antigens.Anthraxin was the most active antigen which recorded 16.66 mm a mean oferythema and 2.3 mm a difference of skin thickness after 24 hours. Both 1/40and autoclaved 1/40 antigens gave approximately the same results whichwere 12.5 mm as a mean of erythema and 2.25 mm skin thickness for thefirst one; and 12.8mm ,1.66mm for the other respectively. The toxin showedthe lowest results of erythema 7.8 mm with edema. These antigens were alsocompared according to the histological changes on their sites of inoculation.Marked (typical) picture of delayed type of hypersensitivity (DTH) reactionwas occurred for anthraxin
DNA-Plasmid Extraction Of Salmonella Isolated From Raw Milk
Authors: Nazal Khulood K.
Published: May 2021

Twenty five Isolates of Salmonella were isolated from raw milksamples which were collected from Abu-Graib village to study therelationship between their resistance to antibiotics and their plasmidscontents .Antibiotic sensitivity test for different antibiotics revealed that mostSalmonella isolates were resistant to two antibiotics .The extraction of the DNA-plasmid revealed that most Salmonellaisolates which resistant to two antibiotics or more were contained large,individual plasmids size of (55-75)Kilo Base (KB) while the othersisolates were free from such plasmid
Comparative study between the prophylactics Effects of aqueous extract of Black Currant (Vitis vinferia.L) and vitamin E on some biological parameters related with heart diseases in oxidative Stressed rats
Authors: H. Abdul-Katum A.
Published: May 2021

This study was designed to investigate the prophylactic effect of aqueousextract of black currant concentrate on some biological markers related withheart disease in male rat treated H2O2. It also aimed at comparing theprophylactic effect of black currant concentrate to that of vit E.Forty adult male rats were divided randomly into equal groups (tenrat/group) & were treated as follows for 42 days. Rats in the first group (G І)were received normal water with oral intubation of sun flower oil 1ml /rat andconsider as control group. Animals of the second group (G Π) were received0.5% H2O2 in drinking water, while rats of the third group (G Ш) were received0.5% H2O2 in drinking water with oral intubation of vit E 400 I.U/Kg.B.Wdiluting in sun flower oil for each rat daily .While animals in the fourth group (GІV) were intubated daily 60mg/kg body weight of aqueous extract of blackcurrant concentrate plus 0.5% H2O2 in drinking water.Fasting blood samples were collected at 0, 21, and 42 days of experimentto study the following parameters:A - Platelet count (PC) and prothrombin time (PT).B- Serum concentration of total cholesterol TC, triacylglycerol TAG, Highdensity lipoprotein-cholesterol HDL-C, Low density lipoprotein-cholesterolLDL-C and Very low density lipoprotein- cholesterol VLDL-C of each groupwere measured. These parameters were regarded as biomarkers ofatherosclerosis and coronary heart disease (CHD). Furthermore section of heart& aorta were assessed for histopathogical studies.The result revealed that administration of 0.5% H2O2 in drinking water for sixweeks (42days) caused significant increase (p<0.05) in platelet count & in serumTC,TAG,LDL-C, and VLDL-C concentration with significant decrease(p<0.05)in prothrombin time and HDL-C concentration as compared to other groups, onother hand oral intubation of vitamin E or aqueous extract of black currantconcentrate in addition to H2O2 (groups Ш and ІV respectively) decreased theserum concentration of TC, TAG, LDL-C, VLDL-C, and platelet countIraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine Vol. 32, No. 2, 2008228
A Study for More Important Aerobic Diarrheal Bacteria in Children of AI-Qadisiya Governorate and its Susceptibility to Some Antibiotics
Authors: Esmaeel Jmela R.
Published: May 2021

This study was conducted to investigate the dominate aerobic bacterial agents causing diarrhea in childrenand study its susceptibility against some antibiotics.For this goal, 460 stool specimens were collected from infected children aged from 1 month to 5 years atDiwaniya teaching hospital for obstetrics and pediatrics from April up to November 2004, study includealso the evaluation of some factors (age, sex, and residence area) on infected with diarrhea.Samples were cultured on different selective and differential media include blood agar, MacConkey agarand S-S agar and identified them by using biochemical tests with ensuring the results by API-20E systemand serological tests ..Results showed the obtaining of 214 bacterial isolates belonging to seven different genera (E.coli,Salmonella, Proteus, Klebsiella, Shigella, Enterobacter and Staphylococcus aureus) with the percentage(45.79%, 14.94%,13.08%, 12.61 %,10.7%,1.86%, and 0.93%) respectively.The study showed that there are no differences between increases or decrease of diarrhea infection andseason or month and the highest ratio of infection were in September, August, June, and May.Regarding age influences, the first age class (1-6) months was subjected to infection more regarding sex. Itappeared that the percentage of infection in male was 60.43% in compare with females 39.5% while theratio of infection in city's children was 68.47%, whereas in village's children it was 31.52%.Susceptibility test of these isolates to different antibiotics by using disc diffusion method showed that mostof these bacterial isolates were sensitive (100%) to ciprofloxacin and resistant (100%) to Ampicillin, whilediffered in its sensitivity to the other antibiotics.
COMPARISON BETWEEN ORGANIC CHROMIUM AND ORGANIC ACIDS FOR REDUCING EXPERMINTALY INFECTED BROILER CHICKS BY SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM
Authors: Al-Shadeedi Shahrazad A.
Published: May 2021

This study was conducted to compare the effect of adding organic chromium (Biochrome) andorganic acids (Galli acids) for reducing experimentally infected broiler chicks by Salmonellatyphimurium . A total of 400 one day old broiler chicks were divided into four dietary groups whichwere: un-treated negative control (T1) , 044 ppb organic chromium / kg feed (T2) , 4.0 of organic acids/ kg feed (T3) and positive control (T4) . After one day of feeding T2 ,T3 and T4 chicks were oralexperimentally infected by S. typhimurium. Results have shown :Mortality of positive control broiler chicks were 70 % , added organic chromium and organic acidsreduced chicks mortality tto 10 % in each , also the results revealed that the addition of organic acidsand organic chromium reduced S. typhimurium in the intestine content and its recommended for use toprevention S. typhimurium infection in broiler chicks due to the improvement of health statusdepending on the increase of lymphocyte cells number and immunoglobulin concentration after 10 and21 days of experimentally infected , also the improvement in the live body weight and weight gain
Incidence of Entamoebiasis Among Children In Abu -Ghraib Area Baghdad
Authors: Al -Azawi Athmar k. Abass
Published: May 2021

A total number of 600 fecal samples were collected from patients attaining general Abu-Ghraib hospital during the period from 1st march 2006 till 28th February 2007. The samples wereexamined for detection of intestinal protozoan Entamoeba(E).histolytica infection by direct smear withIodine stain and flotation technic using Zinc sulphat solution .The overall rate of infection was32.5%.Asignificant differences were observed in the rates of infection between males and femaleswhich constituted 46.44%, 25.64% respectively. All age groups were infected, the highest rate ofinfection 61.9%, 29.6% were noticed in males and females of 2-5 years old respectively, whereas thelowest rates 15.15%, 10% were recorded at the age of 9-11 years respectively . The incidence of E.histolytica infection was observed allover the year, and the highest rates of infection 51.3%, 38%wererecorded in spring and summer respectively .while the lowest rate 18.6% was noticed in full.Meanwhile it was 14% in winter season
The Effect of Fenugreek Seed (Trigonella Foenun gracem) and Zinbiber Officinal Rhizome in Rations on Some Production and Physiological Performance in Broiler Chicks
Authors: AL-KASSIE GALIB A.M. , S.A.AL-Nassery Jinan
Published: May 2021

The study was conducted to investigate the effect of Fenugreek and Ginger Powder. The additiveswere added to diets of broiler chicken for 6 weeks (along the period of experiments). The Productionperformance, the Physiology and the Microbial balance in the intestine were studied.150 day-old Hubbard Chicks were divided randomly into 5 groups were as follow:1- Group one: Basal diet (control group).2- Group Two: Basal diet to 0.5 % Fenugreek.3- Group Three: Basal diet to 1 % Fenugreek.4- Group Four: Basal diet to 0.5 % Ginger.5- Group Five: Basal diet to 1 % Ginger.The results showed:1- The groups which treated by Fenugreek seeds powder (0.5 %) and by Ginger (0.5 %)and (1%) showed insignificant increase in body weight compared with T1.2- The groups which treated by Fenugreek seeds powder (1%) showed significantdecrease (P<0.05) in body weight compared with other groups.3- There was no significant differences in the feed conversion coefficient betweendifferent groups.4- Improvement of blood parameters of T2, T3 , T4 and T5 compared with T1.
Treatment of otitis externa experimentally infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in dogs
Authors: Salih Rana .A.M.
Published: May 2021

Twenty five local breed dogs divided to five groups and otitis extrna experimentally induced by scrashingthe ear canal with ( 9x10)8 cfu p6, biotype of pseudomonas aeruginosa . The control group showed theclinical signs beside the presence of neutrophils in the smears . The third group showed the clinical signsbeside the rupture of tympanic membrane in one of animal group and the recovery to the others in 4 weeksafter treathment withear washing acetic acid and boric acid and then local treatment with ciprofloxacin and dexamethazonebeside then local treatment with ciprofloxacin and dexamethazone beside we give ciprofloxacin orally . The fourth group recovered after 3 weeksof treatment with ear washing with Tris – EDTA beside acetic acid and boric acid and local treatment withciprofloxacin and dexamethazone beside giving cipro floxacin orally . The fifth group recoverd after4weeks of treatment with ear washing with Tris – EDTA and acetic acid and boric acid and local Treatmentonly with ciprofloxacin and dexamethazone
Study of the effect of addition of extract, licorice root plant in the blood in some recipes Of chicken meat
Authors: Al-maliki Muhammed K.
Published: May 2021

In study, the experiment design to know effect of addition of extract licorice root plant in the blood in some recipesOf chicken meat ,Used ((120) of the type of LOhemen chicks were divided randomly into four groups, the rate of(30) for each group and the experiment lasted 8 weeks and given feed and food transactions: the first group(control) was given free licorice root powder and the second group: was added (0.025%) Group III: were added(0.050%) and Group D: was added (0.075%) of powdered Licorice root plants as well as withThe summary of the study emphasizes that the best ratio of assists Licorice root powder added to, which have apositive impact on some of the characteristics of the blood of meat such as chicken red blood cells and the volumeof packed blood cells and hemoglobin resulting from the addition of licorice root powder by (0,050%) also have apositive impact on reducing the proportion of cholesterol in spite of the lack of impact on the white cells and thenot effective and its bad for the greater concentration of total protein and the proportion of cells to the lymphconcentration of glucose
Detection of trihalomethane (chloroform) in drinking water in Baghdad city
Authors: Mohammed Zuhair A.
Published: May 2021

This study designed to determine the chloroform concentration in drinking water in Baghdad city. Thechloroform concentration specified into drinking wter into four portions per a week along two weeks in eachmonth for three months of this study (August, October and December) , 2008 each portion has two samples,so the total number be 48 drinking water samples (sixteen samples per month as an equal portions for eachproject and district).Four projects of water supply filtration stations were selected in Baghdad city, two of them were in Kerkhside (include Qadissia water supply project and Al-karama water supply project). The other two projects inthe Rusafa side, include Al-wahda and Al-Wathba water supply projects. In addition to the citizen districthouses as Al-Qadissia, Al-Otayfia, Al-Karrada and Bab Al-Muathem respectively.The chloroform concentration was determined by the use of the Gas Chromatographic (GC) in thelaboratories of the general technology state for water treatment which belongs to the Ministries of Scienceand Technology.The results revealed the concentration of drinking water in Baghdad city by chloroform, comparison ofthese results between each others revealed that the citizen district houses gave high average of chloroformconcentration than the projects along the period of this study.According to the statistical data analysis it was found that the results in August were the highest andsignificantly transcend (p < 0.05) than the results reported in October and December in all the drinkingwater project and citizen district.On other hand it was noticed that the Wathba project and Bab Al-Muathemdistrict houses significantly transcend (p < 0.05) than other water drinking projects and citizen districtsin theaverage mean along all month of study.In addition, the statistical data analysis found out a strong forward relation ship between the decreasechloroform concentration and decrease of temperature degrees whenever going to the cold season of theyear, in all the water drinking project and citizen district.
Effffectt off experiimenttalllly iinffecttiion llayer chiickens wiitth lliistteriia monocyttogenes iin iisollattiion off bactteriia ffrom organs and egg componentts
Authors: Al-Obaidi , Faris A.
Published: May 2021

The objjectt of tthiis sttudy was focused on ttransmiissiion of Liitteriiamonocyttogenes tthrough llayer body ,, tthe rolle of tthiis biirds iin tthe spread of tthiis bactteriiaand tthe effectt of experiimenttalllly iinfecttiion dose of tthe llayer oralllly on bactteriiatransmiitttted tto eggs ,,egg componentts and iintternall organs .. A ttottall of 45 llayer werediisttriibutted iintto tthree groups and each group tto tthree replliicattes (15 llayer per replliicatte)cosnsiistted of T1 (conttroll group free of iinfecttiion) ,, T2 and T3 were orallllyexperiimenttalllly iinfectted by 1x105 and 1x1010 (CFU \\ mll \\ hen of L.. monocyttogenes ..Resulltts iindiicatted tthatt ..L.. monocyttogenes were iisollatted from ovary,, oviiductt,,utterus,, proventtiicullous,, giizzard,, heartt,, lliiver,, splleen,, iinttesttiine and cecum aftter 3,, 6,, 9,,15and 21 days of experiimenttalllly iinfecttiion and tthe llowestt iisollatted ratte from T2 groupcompared wiitth T3 group ..Allso ,, tthe bactteriia were iisollatted from egg shellll ,, shellllmembrane and egg allbumen of eggs produced from T2 and T3 group llayers aftter 3,, 6,,9,, days and tthe iisollattiion ratte decreased gradualllly from tthe tthree componentts of ttheegg aftter 15 days ,,when as tthe iisollattiion from yollk membrane ,, yollk flluiid and germiinallcellll aftter 6 days of iinfecttiion and decreased gradualllly aftter 21 days ..
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cell wall Effects on Immunological Response Of Broiler Chicks that Infected with Listeria monocytogenes
Authors: Al- Obaidi Faris A.
Published: May 2021

The objects of this study were to determine the effect of Saccharomycescerevisiae cell wall (SCCW) to induce immunological response of Broiler chicks thatinfected with Listeria monocytogenes . SCCW was administrated to chicks by adding30 gm / 100 kg feed. A 30 broiler chicks were distributed into 3 treatments ( 10chicks/ treatment) which were:T1 : control group for both experiment fed on (SCCW). T2 : chicks fed 30 gm / 100 kgfeed (SCCW) and experimentally infected orally by Listeria monocytogenes 0.1 mlof 1 × 109 CFU /ml. T3 : chicks were experimentally infected orally by Listeriamonocytogenes 0.1 ml of 1 × 109 CFU /ml. and study some immunological parameterincludes the concentration of  - globulin, albumin, transfferin, H/L ratio, singlediffusion test, delayed hypersensitivity reaction (DWR). The result obtained revealedthat using (SCCW).increased immune response (cellular and humeral immunity)through increased of lymphocyte and decreased H/L ratio and positive reaction ofdelayed hypersensitivity also increase the percentage of  - globulin, albumincompared with infected group (T3).
Inhibitory effect of local Honey on Bacteria in culture media and in laboratory animals
Authors: Al-abbas Ali A.Abed
Published: May 2021

This study was carried out at the animal station agriculture and the foodtechnology research center of Iraqi ministry of science & Technology. In a study todetermine the inhibitory effect of honey in the local growth of some pathogenicbacteria in growth media (In vivo) and in laboratory animals (Invitro) was used fourtypes of bacteria brought from the Central Health Laboratory - Baghdad,Escherichia coli , Streptococcus pneumoniae , Staphylococcus aureus , Streptococcuspyogenus and Pasteurella hemolytica, and their biochemical characteristics were reexamined.The study deals with studying the effect of local honey in the inhibition ofthe growth of these bacteria on environmental Nutrient Agar (Invitro) to measurethe diameter of zone inhibition after incubator the culture media for a period of24-48 hours, as for the study of the effect of honey in laboratory animals(mouse Invivo) 12 groups of local mice were used, in addition to four mice of each controlgroup. Each group is given (cfu / ml 104 ) of specific bacteria once and then it isgiven Diluted honey of different concentrations (5%,10%,20%)with drinking waterfor one week to all groups except the control group.The study showed a differentdegree of inhibition of honey depending on the type of bacteria and whether thebacteria is negative or positive of the dye gram and the inhibitory effect of thehoney in the nutrient broth increased according to the concentration of honey.The results in animals laboratory differed sometimes depending on the type ofbacteria, this indicates that local honey is good in efficiency in reducing bacterialgrowth which might qualify for use as a treatment supporter with drugs and this iswhat must be expanded in future studies.
Prenatal Study of Testes Growth and Histological Development 1- Fetal Sheep.
Authors: S. M Amin F.A.
Published: May 2021

This study was conducted on 200 samples of females Karadi sheep genitalia contains 207 fetuses . These samples were collected from slaughter house in Sulaimani reigion during the period from June 2007 to the end of May 2008. Sheep genitalia consisted of 193(96.5%) single and 7(3.5%) twin fetuses, amonge them 122 (58.92%)and 84(41.06) were in the right and left horns ,respectively. The genitalia that contain fetuses with clear external sex organs was 141, of these 74 male and 67 female fetuses different Crown Rump Length (CRL), while 66 fetus their sex could diagnosis after abdominal opened. The results showed the weight of the fetal body and testes as well as the length of scrotum were increased with an increasing of the fetal CRL. The appearance of the fetal testes in the inguinal ring was when CRL=22cm .80 day; in the scrotum 32 cm. 100 day ; Histological sections of the fetal testes were showed the density of fibroblast layer and connective tissue capsules as well as the appearance of seminiferous tubules containing a few spermatogonia cells and small sertoli and leydig cells at early CRL=10 cm 55 day; , with increasing fetal CRL the seminiferous tubules filled with different types of spermatogonia and spermatocytes cells as well as increasing in the number of sertoli and leydig cells were recorded at CRL= 20.3 cm. 75 days; While the metamorphosis spermatid were seen at CRL=24cm . 80-85 day; Conclusions : Fetal sheep seminiferous tubules early in gestation contain different types of spermatognium and spermatocyte cells appear in the testes after 50 days, and metamorphosis spermatid were seen after 80 days of intra uterine life no sperm was seen in fetuse testes.. It was concluded that the fetal testes in early gestation could be secreted testosterone which lead to increases in fetal testes development and growth of the germinal and somatic cells
Detection of the Immune Response in Broiler Breeders, and Their progeny to Newcastle Disease Vaccine
Authors: Ag’gar Adil S.
Published: May 2021

This trail was suggested to evaluate the amount of inherited haemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibodies for Newcastle Disease (ND) from hens to their own progeny via yolk, blood samples were collected from broiler breeders at 51st week of age aiming the collection their sera, these hens were previously vaccinated with ND-killed vaccine at the age 5 and 120 days respectively via subcutaneous route; and ND-alive vaccine at 1and 18 days then monthly intervals by aerosol, random samples of eggs were collected from panels or hatchery machines either after 24h., to detect amount and location of HI antibodies through them, day old chicks were submitted to the same protocol of blood collection as well as mothers. The results showed that the combination manner of vaccines is an ideal way of HI antibodies peak elevation, these antibodies can pass vertically from dam to progeny through yolk, and the yolk material can be used to detect the HI antibody titer by routine process.
Histological study of the constituents that related to the immune defensive mechanism in the vagina of ewes
Authors: Hussin Amer M.
Published: May 2021

In order to study the vaginal defensive mechanisms in ewes, vaginal smears and biopsies were collected from eight adult Awasi ewes. The biopsies samples were processed by the routine histological methods and stained by H & E and PAS stains, while the smears samples were stained with MB. Samples were examined under light microscope. The resent study revealed that the vaginal wall lacks many important constituents, among these were the vaginal glands, goblet cells, muscularis mucosa and lymphatic nodules. And as the vagina was the nearest organ to the external environment and as it receives the male copulatory organ, so it is more liable organ to be infected by external pathogens. On the contrary, the vagina has special compensatory histological mechanisms i: e, its epithelium was thrown into deep folds which serve to increase the surface area and in turn raise the epithelial efficiency. The study suggested that these folds were a remnants formed as a result of a failure during embryonic development of the glands as the gland formed by invagination of the epithelium. Moreover, the vaginal wall had a thick basement membrane. It appeared segmented due to accumulation of the defensive cells on some parts of it during their migration from the blood vessels to the epithelium. Besides, the vagina contained a great numbers of defensive cells, such as neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes, plasma cells and mast cells. In spite of the relation of dendritic cells with immune defense, this study couldn't recognize them by using only the general stains. On the other hand, the vaginal smears demonstrated that the vagina had many defensive cellular mechanisms among these, the process of keratinization of the vaginal epithelium; the process of sheet formation which lining the vaginal lumen; the presence of apparent junctional complexes which coalesce the cells of the sheet formation. These junctional complexes close completely the intercellular spaces leading to prevent any entrance of any foreign materials and pathogens to the underlying tissue. Some vaginal cells showed a pale foamy (vacuolated) appearance. Vacuolation was another defensive phenomena, it was indicative of increase cellular activity.
The Effect of Pulsed Magnetic Field on The Healing of Infected Cutaneous Wounds at Thigh Region in Rabbits
Authors: Alrashid Ibrahim MH .
Published: May 2021

Magnetic therapy was applied in the present study, which play two roles; as antimicrobial (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus auras, Streptococcus spp, Klebsialla ,and Pseudomona ) and as stimulator to tissue repair.24 rabbits were used in this study, they divided into two groups; 1st group(treated group) contains 20 rabbits, 2nd group (control group) contains 4 rabbits, the last subdivided into two subgroup (standard control subgroup and sham-control subgroup, the left side of all animals in control group is standard control subgroup, while the left side is sham-control subgroup). After surgery to all, the wounds were exposed to pulsed magnetic field except standard control subgroup, they healed with conventional treatment, 1st group(treated group) and sham-control subgroup were treated with(600 Gauss,50 Hz) twice daily for 30 minutes during 7 days. Microbiologically, the bacterial Petri dish were exposed to pulsed magnetic field in present study (600 Gauss, 50Hz) 30 minutes/day for one only, after re-culture of these bacteria at new media, there weren’t bacteria growth appeared which were used in present study. Clinically, the clinical signs of wounds were recorded at 1, 3, 5,7, and 9 days post induce wound ; the sham-control subgroup was healed after 5.5 days after induce wound, 1st treated group was healed after 7-10 day post induce wound, while standard control subgroup was healed after 9 day post induce wound. Biopsies were toke after 3,5,7,and 9 days post induce wound, the histopathological study of sham-control subgroup revealed that show more develop compare with other.
Study the effect of some plants extracts on growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Comparison with Ethambutol
Authors: Abbas Maysoon Sabah
Published: May 2021

This study was conducted to investigate the inhibition role of alcoholicextracts of plants Trigonella foenumgraecum , Piper cubeba , Piper nigrum,Camphora , Commiphora molmol, Apium graveolens , Arachis hypogaea ,Linum usitatissumun , Cuminum cyminum , Pimpinella anisum , Lepidiumsativum , alcoholic extracts of plants used was prepared and used ofconcentration 200 mg/ml and add 0.2 ml of each extracts to 10 ml of media and0.2 ml of Ethambutol to 10 ml of media the drug for mycobacteria and mediawith out any adding for controls. Cultural media were inoculated with 3 dropsof bacterial suspension ( 1mg /ml ) in concentration 108 cfu/ml from patientsuffering from tuberculosis and after incubation on 37 °C the result readweekly up to 4 weeks . the results showed good growth on the control slopes ,which was evident within 2-3 weeks and no growth on the cultural mediacontain (Arachis hypogea , Cuminum cyminum , Commiphora molmol,Trigonella foenumgraecum , Lepidium sativum , Ethambutol ) it while themedia contain (Piper nigrum , Pimpinella anisum showed than 5 colonies thegrowth inhibition was recorded that means sensitivity of mycobacteria to theextracts mention above, while media contain (Piper cubeba , Camphora , Apiumgraveolens ). showed growth more than 5 colonies and media contain Linumusitatissumun showed good growth which means resistant of mycobacteria tothe extract mentioned above .
Effect of mix probiotic and vitamin C on growth and some biochemical tests in common carp Cyprinus carpio L
Authors: AL-Faragi Jamal Khalaf Atiyah
Published: May 2021

One hundred and twelve Common carp fish fingerling Cyprinus carpio L.were collected, range between 25-28 gm in weight to study the effect of different concentrations of local probiotic and mixed with Vitamin C in concentration 1g/kg feed on growth performance, blood and biochemical picture. This experiment included 7 groups each group contain 16 fish distributed randomly as follow: Control group (C ) fed diet free vitamin C and probiotic during the period of 60 days and all total protin in feed reach 26% . Group 2(T1) group fed diet contain Vit C (1gm /kg) food. Treated (T2andT3) groups fed diet containing probiotic 4.5&5.5 g/ kg respectively , where as groupsT4,T5 and T6 fed the diets containing Probiotic added at level 4.5,5.5 and 6.5 g/ kg respectively and each mixed with 1 gm\kg Vit C .Results of fish total growth rate were 6.86,9.82,15.00,10.87,17.51,14.60 and 13.51gm, evaluate relative growth rate ,the absolute specific growth rate, food conversion and the protein efficiency ratio . The statistically analysis showed increase significantly(P≤0.05)for T4 in all treatment. While erythrocyte counts was 1.80, 1.88, 1.95, 2.40, 2.00, 2.70, 2.20 and 2.10 ×106 cells\mm3, blood cells counts are 24.40 ,24.60 ,25.80 ,27.00 ,26.00 ,27.96 ,26.60 and 26.20×103cells\mm3, blood haemoglobin was8.40,8.70,9.80, 11.10,10.20,11.90,10.80 and 10.50 gm\100dl, haematocrit value are 27.10 ,27.60 ,28.50 ,29.90 ,29.10 ,30.50 ,29.50 and29.30 % for fish before starting expermint (Z) and C,T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,groups, respectively . Evaluate the enzymatic activity for AST,ALT and ALP in blood serum of fish . The statisticaly analysis showed decrease significantly(P≤0.05) at treatment contain mix probiotic and Vit C but excel T4 inform 70.40,10.40,30.30 I U\ L respectively.Conclusion ,the present studied suggested that the level of probiotic and Vit C (4.5g\kg and Vi C 1gm\kg) used could be improve the performance growth and fish healthy.
The Effect Of Some Plants Extracts On The Growth Of Streptococcus Pyogenes
Authors: Al-Athary Ishtar Adnan
Published: May 2021

In this study were choice some medical plants ( Matricaria chamomilla , Nigella sativa and Allium sativum ) and inhibitory their effect on Streptococcus pyogenes was tested ,which cause for many diseases especially respiratory disease andBecause of their availability and low cost of obtaining them ,study aimed to study the effect of extracts of these plants in growth of these bacteria isolated from aperson infected with tonsillitis. There was variation in bio effects of extracts among the species tested. The study show the presence effects of medical plants on growth of Streptococcus pyogenes is equal to the effect of both Matricaria chamomilla and Allium sativum and reached a concentration of 100 Mcg/ Dis , and the less effect with Nigella sativa concentration of 1000 Mcg/ Dis .
Study of some biological characteristics of hydatid cysts in sheep in al-Shuula~area in Baghdad
Authors: YOUNIS KHALIDA HUSSAIN
Published: May 2021

The study was implemented to identify some the biological characteristics of 2428 hydatid cysts in 353 naturally infected animals out of 2781 slaughtered sheep in al-Shuula~area in Baghdad. The results revealed that 1669 cysts in 211 infected females and 759 cysts were presence 142infected males. The diameter of hydatid cysts varies from 0.1-16.4 cm . The surrounding cysts were larger than the cysts in the center of the infected organ with multiple cysts. The cysts were unilocular rounded. and mostly found in infected livers. They were few cysts with free fertile or sterile daughter cysts. The hydatid liquid was clear for most hydatid cysts. and its volume was ranged between (0.2-930) ml. The protoscolises were found white in color and their number were ranged between 4322.8±127.8 in male`s livers and9472.5 ±432.5 in female`s livers. The bio-activity of hydatid cysts reached with an average 73.32% and 89.3% in livers . The fertility percentage of the cysts was 60.25 %. and it was higher in females than in males. The study also revealed that such percentage in infected livers was higher than that of infected lungs and that of the second aged group ( two _ less than four years ) for both animals sexes . The results of the present study indicate no relation among diameter of hydatid cysts. quantity of protoscolises inside the cysts. fertility and viability of protoscolises.
Radiological Study of the Effect of Omental Pedicel Flap on Fracture Healing in Unfixed Ribs in Dogs
Authors: Bader O. A.
Published: May 2021

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of omental flap on healing of unfixed fractured ribs in dogs. Sixteen adult local breed dogs were used, which they were divided into two equal groups (Control and Treated group). The experimental animals were pre-medicated with atropine sulfate 0.04 mg/kg BW intramuscularly, and after 10 minute anesthetized with a mixture of Ketamine hydrochloride (15 mg/kg BW)and Xylazine hydrochloride (5 mg/kg BW) intramuscularly. In control group, the rib was fractured by wire saw and left unfixed then the muscles and skin was closed routinely. While in treated group, the rib was fractured by wire saw and a flap of omentum was put around the fractured rib, then muscles and skin were closed. Animals were observed clinically for one week and radiologically every week for three months. The radiological findings revealed that the healing process was faster in the treated group compared with the control group. The fracture line began to disappear in the eight and at the fourth weeks in the control and treated group respectively. The callus formation was large in size in control group compared with small dense callus in treated group. The remodeling process began in the fourth week in the treated group while at the eighth week in control group. These results indicated that the omental flap play an important role for enhancing healing and help to stabilize unfixed fractured ribs.
The Effect of Experimental Escherichia coli Infection on Some Blood Parameters and Histological Changes in Male Rats
Authors: AL – Zamely Hayder
Published: May 2021

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of experimental infection by Escherichia coli on some blood parameters and histopathological changes in male rats to reach this objective twenty male rats (Rattus norvigicus) were divided into two groups, housed under same conditions of water, feed, temperature, light and humidity. The first one served as control group, while the second was experimentally infected with Ecoli by administration of 2ml / rat of (1×109) colony forming unit/ml of E-coli. Five days later blood were obtained from animals by cardiac puncture to measure the total and differential white blood cells count hemoglobin concentration packed cells volume red blood cells count, and thrombocytes count. One animal from each group was killed and histopathological examination was done for intestine kidney liver and spleen to detect the effect of infection on these organs. The results revealed a significant increase in total leukocytes count (P<005) in infected group while the differential count showed a significant increase in neutrophils and significant decrease in lymphocytes (P< 0.05) in same group. There were a significant decrease in hemoglobin concentration packed cell volume and non significant decrease in red blood cells count. While thrombocytes count showed a significant decrease in infected group compared with control group (P<0.05). The histopathological examination of infected male rats intestine was demonstrated mild diffuse inflammation which include increased numbers of neutrophile in tissue intraepithelial lymphocytes and goblet cells In kidney renal tubules showed extensive epithelial swelling with decreased lumen space and generalized necrotic changes with interstitial hemorrhage in renal cortex. In liver hepatocytes were swollen with decreased sinusoidal spaces and widely distributed necrotic foci were seen. There is extensive splenic necrosis with infiltration of leukocytes from white pulp to red pulp of spleen.
The rapid detection of E. coli 0157 Antigen in meat products by using ELISA Test Kit
Authors: Abdulrasool Maithem Ihsan
Published: May 2021

This study was conducted for rapid detection of contamination of meat products with E. coli 0157 by usage of ELISA test kit as one of the most rapid and newest test. The study showed the efficiency of ELISA test kit used in this study in detection of bacteria antigen in meat products samples of raw beef meat , kabab and beef burger which subjected to improper storage conditions or undercooked and hence when some peoples uptake some of these products they suffered from clinical intoxication signs like diarrhea ,vomiting and hyperthermia. The kit showed the presence of (9) samples positive among (90) samples ; (2) positive out of (30) kabab samples,(3) positive out of (30) beef burger and (4) positive out of (30) raw beef meat after 16 hrs of enrichment of all samples in EC Modified broth including Novobiocin supplement as inhibitor of other bacteria and then the liquid supernatants from all prepared samples got tested by ELISA kit used in this study and the data recovered in less than 1 hr.The study indicated the ability of using ELISA kit for detection of E. coli 0157 antigens in food stuffs and reduce the time for releasing the results in less than 24 hrs when compared with conventional culturing procedure which reuiqred more than 3 days and launch the food products for consumption with focusing on the main point here which is the protection of our consumer safety.
The effect of some types of the Lactic acid bacteria on some chemical and physiological changes in female rat’s blood
Authors: Salih AL-Doori Salah Sadaim
Published: May 2021

The effect of oral dosing of bacterial suspension of two types of lactic acid bacteria belonging to the genus lactobacilli that locally isolate on some biochemical and physiological criteria of female rats blood were studied. Three isolates of L. bulgarious and three isolates of L. delbeakli were obtained from the laboratories at the college of educationBreeding/university of Tikrit. Bacterial suspension given as a single oral dose of 2 ml(13 x 108 cell \ ml) for seven day. The results showed no significant changes P≥0.05 in at the blood physiological variables, especially hemoglobin (Hb) , packed cell volume (PCV) ,and total number of white blood cells (WBCs) , while there were significant reduction in the blood biochemical variables, particularly the level of cholesterol, and glucose, but there was no significant effect on some liver enzymes, compared with the values and the results of a group of control animals.
Study the therapeutic role of Alcoholic Extract of Plantago lanceolata aganist infection with Staphylococcus saprophyticus
Authors: Mohammad Aseel J.
Published: May 2021

The present study was carried out to investigate the antibacterial activity of alcoholicextracts of Plantago lanceolata leafes in vitro and in vivo by inducing urinary tract infection inrats which caused by urethra administration of S.saprophyticus isolated from human andanimals(cow and sheep)These extracts showed significant effect (P<0.05) on the inhibition of the growth ofS.saprophyticus in vitro with the superiority of the concentration 200mg / ml of alcoholicextract with the mean of inhibition zone diameter 30 mm against S.saprophyticus ,while zonediameter was ( 26.5 ,21 ) mm due to the concentration 150, 100mg/ml respectively.This study included the therapeutic role of doses 150 mg/kg . B.W. of 1.5ml daily orally ofalcoholic extract dissolved in DMSO of plantago lanceolata leaves in the pathogenesis ofS.saprophyticus in rats by the urethral infection in compared with the control group (ratsinjected with S.saprophyticus without treatments).The results of histopathological changesshowed the role of Plantago lanceolata extract on the decreasing of pathological sings inbladder and kidney tissue after 14 and 21 days and gave negative results by decreasecongestion in the blood vessels of kidney hemorrhage and few infiltration of inflammatorycells in bladder , in compared with the positive control which showed acutehistopathological change.
A serologicalsurveillance of bluetongue disease in sheep and goats in Iraq by using acompetitive ELISA Technique
Authors: Shlash Khalid H.
Published: May 2021

In this study, a sero-survillance on ovine and caprine serum samples from all over Iraqexcept the governorates of Iraqi Kurdistan region was conducted. It aimed for the detection ofspecific antibodies directed against VP7 protein - the sero-group specific antigen of bluetongue virus – by using a competitive ELISA technique.The results showed that among a totalof 3277 serum samples, 1436 samples were found to be positive forming 43.82% of totalsamples, while 1687 samples were negative with 51.48 % and 154 sample were suspiciousforming 4.69 %. The highest positive serum samples were found in Al Basrah Province(southern of Iraq) with 60.41% and in Al Anbar Province (Western of Iraq) with 61%, whilethe lowest of positive samples were found in Nineva (Northern of Iraq) with 22.35%.The results also showed a closely ratio between positive percentage of goats and sheepsamples with the positive goats serum samples ( in five provinces ) were 45 of 114 samplesrepresenting 39.47 %,while the positive sheep serum samples ( in fifteen provinces) were1391 of 3163 samples representing43.97%. Our study is complementary to the previousworks held in this field and it represents the first field serological survey for bluetongueinsheep and goats in Iraq.