bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Self-Reported Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs (S-LANSS) and PainDETECT Questionnaires in COVID-19 Survivors with Post-COVID Pain
Authors: Fernández-de-las-Peñas César , Valera-Calero Juan Antonio , Herrero-Montes Manuel , del-Valle-Loarte Pablo , Rodríguez-Rosado Rafael , Ferrer-Pargada Diego , Arendt-Nielsen Lars , Parás-Bravo Paula
Published: July 2022

This study aimed to analyze correlations between Self-Report Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms (S-LANSS) and PainDETECT with proxies of sensitization, pain-related, or psychological/cognitive variables in coronavirus disease, 2019 (COVID-19) survivors exhibiting post-COVID pain. Demographic, clinical, psychological, cognitive, sensitization-associated symptoms, and health-related quality of life were collected in 146 survivors with post-COVID pain. The PainDETECT and S-LANSS questionnaires were used for assessing neuropathic pain-related symptoms. Patients were assessed with a mean of 18.8 (SD 1.8) months after hospitalization. Both questionnaires were positively associated with pain intensity (p < 0.05), anxiety (PainDETECT p < 0.05; S-LANSS p < 0.01), sensitization-associated symptoms (p < 0.01), catastrophism (p < 0.01), and kinesiophobia (p < 0.01) and negatively associated with quality of life (PainDETECT p < 0.05; S-LANSS p < 0.01). Depressive levels were associated with S-LANSS (p < 0.05) but not with PainDETECT. The stepwise regression analyses revealed that 47.2% of S-LANSS was explained by PainDETECT (44.6%), post-COVID pain symptoms duration (1.7%), and weight (1.1%), whereas 51.2% of PainDETECT was explained by S-LANSS (44.6%), sensitization-associated symptoms (5.4%), and anxiety levels (1.2%). A good convergent association between S-LANSS and PainDETECT was found. Additionally, S-LANSS was associated with symptom duration and weight whereas PainDETECT was associated with sensitization-associated symptoms and anxiety levels, suggesting that the two questionnaires evaluate different aspects of the neuropathic pain spectrum in post-COVID pain patients.
Arboviral Infections in Neurological Disorders in Hospitalized Patients in São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Milhim Bruno H. G. A. , da Rocha Leonardo C. , Terzian Ana C. B. , Mazaro Carolina C. P. , Augusto Marcos T. , Luchs Adriana , Zini Nathalia , Sacchetto Livia , dos Santos Barbara F. , Garcia Pedro H. C. , Rocha Rodrigo S. , Liso Elisabete , Brienze Vânia M. S. , da Silva Gislaine C. D. , Vasilakis Nikos , Estofolete Cássia F. , Nogueira Maurício L.
Published: July 2022

Arbovirus infections are increasingly important causes of disease, whose spectrum of neurological manifestations are not fully known. This study sought to retrospectively assess the incidence of arboviruses in cerebrospinal fluid samples of patients with neurological symptoms to inform diagnosis of central and peripheral nervous system disorders. A total of 255 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples collected from January 2016 to December 2017 were tested for dengue virus (DENV 1-4), Zika virus (ZIKV), and Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) in addition to other neurotropic arboviruses of interest, using genetic and serologic assays. Of the 255 CSF samples analyzed, 3.53% (09/255) were positive for arboviruses presenting mainly as meningitis, encephalitis, and cerebrovascular events, of which ZIKV was detected in 2.74% (7/255), DENV in 0.78% (2/255), in addition to an identified ILHV infection that was described previously. All the cases were detected in adults aged 18 to 74 years old. Our findings highlight the scientific and clinical importance of neurological syndromes associated with arboviruses and demonstrate the relevance of specific laboratory methods to achieve accurate diagnoses as well as highlight the true dimension of these diseases to ultimately improve public health planning and medical case management.
Insight into Groundwater Resources along the Coast of Benin (West Africa) through Geochemistry and Isotope Hydrology; Recommendations for Improved Management
Authors: Odeloui Diane , Nlend Bertil , Huneau Frédéric , Celle Hélène , Garel Emilie , Alassane Abdoukarim , Boukari Moussa , Sambienou Gédéon
Published: July 2022

Along the West-African coast, groundwater is under several threats coming from both human activities and climate change. However, hydrogeological studies have so far been conducted in a piecemeal way, city by city. In this paper, a regional study was conducted along the Beninese coast, combining hydrogeochemistry and water stable isotopes. Monthly rainfall samples were analyzed in terms of chemistry and isotopes as well as groundwater from Holocene (upper aquifer) and Mio-Plio-Pleistocene (lower aquifer). This allowed to determine the recharge timing of aquifers (April to October, excluding August). Rainwater then infiltrates the soil with a slight evaporation. The upper aquifer, more heterogeneous, is displaying many different water types while the lower aquifer shows mainly a Na-Cl water type. While the upper aquifer shows many signs of contamination from human activities and saltwater intrusion from lakes and lagoons, the deeper aquifer is more influenced by a geogenic signature. These results are then interpreted regarding the demographic trends and climate change scenario. In the long-term, the groundwater level of the lower aquifer is expected to decrease as the rate of abstraction increases and recharge rate decreases. It is therefore recommended to develop adapted and urgent protection measures of the water resource to ensure sustainable and healthy groundwater exploitation.
Numerical Investigation of the Scaling Effects for a Point Absorber
Authors: Pierart Fabián G. , Fernandez Joaquín , Olivos Juan , Gabl Roman , Davey Thomas
Published: July 2022

In order to design and evaluate the behaviour of a numerically optimised wave energy converter (WEC), a recommended procedure is to initially study small scale models in controlled laboratory conditions and then progress further up until the full-scale is reached. At any point, an important step is the correct selection of the wave theory to model the dynamical behaviour of the WEC. Most authors recommend the selection of a wave theory based on dimensional parameters, which usually does not consider the model scale. In this work, the scale effects for a point absorber are studied based on numerical simulations for three different regular waves conditions. Furthermore, three different wave theories are used to simulate two scales 1:1 and 1:50. The WEC-wave interaction is modelled by using a numerical wave tank implemented in ANSYS-Fluent with a floating object representing the WEC. Results show that the normalised difference between 1:1 and 1:50 models, keeping the same wave theory fluctuate between 30% and 58% of the WEC heave motion and that a wrong selection of the wave theory can lead to differences up to 138% for the same variable. It is also found that the limits for the use of wave theories depends on the particular model and that the range of applicability of different theories can be extended.
Didiko valdžia, humanistai ir raudonas vaškas: Mikalojaus Radvilos suteiktis žemioniui Jonui Slavskiui
Authors: Čižauskas Karolis
Published: July 2022

A NOBLEMAN’S RULE, HUMANISTS AND RED WAX: MIKALOJUS RADVILA’S GRANT TO LANDOWNER JAN SŁAWSKI

This is the publication of the grant issued in 1519 by the Voivode of Vilnius and the Chancellor of the State Mikalojus Radvila (Mikołaj Radziwiłł) in favour of landowner Jan Sławski. It is a document written on a parchment in a manner akin to the humanist minuscule. The parchment has a red wax seal of Mikalojus Radvila attached to it. The published document is accompanied by the text aimed at disclosing and relating the history of the issuance and existence of this document. The main reasons for drawing up such document was the model of Mikalojus Radvila’s rule in Podlachia. When in 1509 the sovereign Žygimantas Senasis (Sigismund I the Old) conceded the domains in Goniądz and Rajgród to the said nobleman and in 1517 also granted the immunity, Radvila employed several interrelated methods to establish his power in the territory. Alongside the castle another important manifestation of such power was subordinate noblemen who eventually would become local officers and form a part of the organization of the lord’s court.
Exploring doctors’ reasons for not granting a request for euthanasia: a mixed-methods study
Authors: van den Ende Caroline , Bunge Eveline Margaretha , Eeuwijk Jennifer , van de Vathorst Suzanne
Published: July 2022

Background

In a growing number of jurisdictions, physician-assisted death (PAD) is now an established part of medical care. Although PAD is allowed under certain criteria in The Netherlands, physicians can always refuse a request. The Euthanasia Expertise Centre (EEC) offers PAD to patients whose request was declined in circumstances where their own physician could have satisfied the legal criteria. The number of requests reaching EEC has increased, suggesting the threshold for treating physicians to refer patients to EEC has become lower.

Aim

To explore the reasons of physicians for not granting a request for PAD and/or referring a patient to EEC, and any needs physicians may have in handling requests for PAD.

Design & setting

Survey and interviews among Dutch physicians in The Netherlands.

Method

A questionnaire was sent to 500 physicians who declined a request for PAD and whose patient subsequently requested PAD at EEC. This was followed by a qualitative study, in which in-depth interviews were held with 21 of the physicians who responded to the survey.

Results

Doctors were identified as those who had objections on principle, or with other reasons for refusing a request for PAD and/or to refer the patient to EEC. These reasons were mostly related to concerns about complying with the due care criteria for PAD, or to difficulties with PAD in specific patient groups. In these cases they often valued support from another healthcare professional.

Conclusion

For patients of physicians with objections on principle against PAD, EEC offered a good solution. Doctors who struggle with whether they can comply with the legal criteria might benefit from peer support.
In-Hospital Prescription Checking System for Hospitalized Patients with Decreased Glomerular Filtration Rate
Authors: Sonoda Akihiro , Kondo Yuki , Iwashita Yoshitaka , Nakao Shoji , Ishida Kazuhisa , Irie Tetsumi , Ishitsuka Yoichi
Published: July 2022

Key Points

We introduced a simple in-hospital prescription checking system to alert for the presence of renally excreted drugs and to support dosage settings.

The in-hospital prescription checking system reduced the dosage error rate of renally excreted drugs in hospitalized patients.

Background

Clinical decision support systems (CDSS) are reported to be useful in preventing dosage errors in renally excreted drugs by alerting hospital pharmacists to inadequate dosages for hospitalized patients with decreased GFR. However, it is unclear whether CDSS can reduce dosage errors in renally excreted drugs in hospitalized patients. To prevent dosage errors in renally excreted drugs, we introduced a prescription checking system (PCS) for in-hospital prescriptions. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate whether a prescription audit by hospital pharmacists using the PCS reduced the rate of dosage errors in renally excreted drugs.

Methods

The target drugs were allopurinol, cibenzoline, famotidine, and pilsicainide. Interrupted time series analysis was used to evaluate trends in the 4-weekly dosage error rates over 52 weeks before PCS implementation and 52 weeks after PCS implementation.

Results

Before and after PCS implementation, 474 and 331 prescriptions containing one of the targeted drugs, respectively, were generated. The estimated baseline level of the 4-weekly dosage error rates was 34%. The trend before the PCS implementation was stable with no observable trend. The estimated level change from the last point in the pre-PCS implementation to the first point in the PCS implementation was −20% (P<0.001). There was no change in the trend after PCS implementation.

Conclusions

We demonstrated that a prescription audit by hospital pharmacists using the PCS reduced the rate of dosage errors in the target renally excreted drugs in hospitalized patients. Although further studies are needed to confirm whether our results can be generalized to other health facilities, our findings highlight the need for a PCS to prevent the overdose of renally excreted drugs.
Perceptions and Management of Ventenata by Producers in the Inland Pacific Northwest
Authors: Jones Lisa , Wallace John , Painter Kathleen , Pavek Pamela , Prather Timothy
Published: July 2022

Ventenata is an annual grass that has invaded agricultural and wildland settings in the Inland Pacific Northwest, causing economic and ecological losses. We know little about producers’ perceived risks and management of ventenata. We present results of surveys in 2011 and 2014 targeting producers across affected counties in Idaho and Washington. Awareness of ventenata and costs to producers increased across that time interval. Respondents attending ventenata Extension events adopted recommended management strategies more than those who did not attend. Our study documents the importance of continued integrated pest management research in concert with stakeholder engagement and education.
Engaging Hard-to-Reach Audiences through Internal Interdisciplinary and External Diverse Collaborations
Authors: Garrett Erin , Belle Ashley
Published: July 2022

Through a combination of internal and external collaborations, consumer-based energy education designed for hard-to-reach audiences was successfully delivered statewide by an interdisciplinary Extension team. Program participants representing rural residents, senior citizens, and low-income audiences demonstrated improvements in knowledge and increased intention to change their home electricity usage behaviors. This outreach work can serve as a model for other Extension services to combine interdisciplinary teams with community partnerships to reach underserved audiences statewide.
Overweight and Obesity Challenges Among African Americans in Rural Alabama Black Belt
Authors: Tumwebaze Joel , Kagulire JohnPaul , Dawkins Norma
Published: July 2022

This study aimed at averting challenges of overweight and obesity among African Americans in rural Alabama. Focus group discussions and surveys were used to design a 12-week nutrition education and physical activity program. Results showed a significant improvement (p<0.05) in participants’ knowledge scores. Values for systolic blood pressure significantly reduced (p<0.00). There was an increase in number of participants with normal blood pressure and a reduction in number of participants with stage 2 hypertension. The study highlights that nutrition education and physical activity can lead to improved health outcomes among African Americans in rural Alabama.
Towards a More Effective Leader: Planning for the Next Extension Administrator
Authors: Jones Kenneth
Published: July 2022

This study was conducted to assess the level at which state Cooperative Extension systems have strategies in place for administrative leadership changes. The data revealed that institutions have succession plans ranging from those that are very robust to very limited in nature. However, only 50% reported having individuals in key positions necessary to support continuity. In addition, 75% noted that it would take a year or more to replace the current Extension director/administrator if the person left immediately. This article provides insight on the successes and challenges associated with retaining top talent and mentoring potential leaders for advancement.
Results of a Rural Traffic Calming Event to Promote Physical Activity
Authors: Spear Marissa , Rowland Brett , Vincent Jessica , Brown Tyler , Wilson Addie , Palenske Caitlin , McElfish Pearl , Long Christopher , Presley Jessica , Balis Laura
Published: July 2022

This article describes how community need was addressed through a traffic calming pop-up event in rural Arkansas. The event was conducted on routes connecting a neighborhood, two schools, and a municipal park. A brief survey assessed safety concerns of parents and/or guardians related to children walking or biking to school. Prior to the event, parents/guardians reported it was not safe for their children to walk or bike to school; however, the majority agreed the event made the area safer. Small-scale traffic calming events can provide evidence to stakeholders that built environment changes are an important childhood obesity prevention strategy in rural Extension work.
Shape Memory Alloy Helical Microrobots with Transformable Capability towards Vascular Occlusion Treatment
Authors: Zhang Hehua , Xu Borui , Ouyang Yi , Wang Yunqi , Zhu Hong , Huang Gaoshan , Cui Jizhai , Mei Yongfeng
Published: July 2022

Practical implementation of minimally invasive biomedical applications has been a long-sought goal for microrobots. In this field, most previous studies only demonstrate microrobots with locomotion ability or performing a single task, unable to be functionalized effectively. Here, we propose a biocompatible shape memory alloy helical microrobot with regulative structure transformation, making it possible to adjust its motion behavior and mechanical properties precisely. Especially, towards vascular occlusion problem, these microrobots reveal a fundamental solution strategy in the mechanical capability using shape memory effect. Such shape-transformable microrobots can not only manipulate thrust and torque by structure to enhance the unclogging efficiency as a microdriller but also utilize the high work energy to apply the expandable helical tail as a self-propulsive stent. The strategy takes advantage of untethered manipulation to operate microsurgery without unnecessary damage. This study opens a route to functionalize microrobots via accurate tuning in structures, motions, and mechanical properties.
Interpretation Reflecting the Times of Rabbits' Femininity and Lennie's Obsession in Of Mice and Men
Authors:   Society for International Cultural Institute, Lee Geongeun
Published: July 2022

Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck that realistically expresses the American laborers' lives of the 20th century still inspires many people even after 80 years by its story that the best friend George comes to shoot Lennie, a weak-minded person. The precedent research, as to this aspect, has discussed mainly the obscure facts of paradox such as friendship and loneliness, dream and reality, virtue and vice, pleasure and morality, but does not refer to Lennie's obsession with rabbits driving the harmony to catastrophe. This paper observes the identity of the rabbits in Of Mice and Men and the reason for and the complexion of Lennie's sexual desire to indulge in the body of the creature. First, I illuminate whether and how rabbits imply femininity through analyzing the text, and insist that Lennie's preoccupation with rabbits is a fetishism aspect made by his sexual appetite repressed by his intellectual disability and George's regulation. Lastly, I add some social significance to the fact that Lennie dies without meeting a rabbit.
Justiça Multiportas: A Efetividade das Audiências de Mediação e Conciliação no Código de Processo Civil de 2015
Authors: Pessoa da Silva Junior Fernando Antonio , Oliveira Chaves Krystima Karem
Published: July 2022

O presente artigo partindo das inquietações quanto a suposta pecha de inefetividade das audiências de conciliação e mediação pretende esboçar possíveis respostas mediante análises deste problema que acomete a integridade processual cível dos tribunais e na cultura litigiosidade. Para tanto primordialmente (I) conceitua-se o direito fundamental do acesso à justiça constitucionalmente, e frisa-se a importância da justiça multiportas e da política judiciária, para que, em seguida, (II) remonte a uma constitucionalização com foco nos princípios usados no CPC de 2015, nas audiências autocompositivas e por meio eletrônico na pandemia do COVID-19, enfim, conclui-se (III) trazendo os impactos que comprovem a inefetividade das audiências no Brasil e no Pará das conciliações.
Panel on Business and Leadership
Authors: HART BONZ , HUFF STEVEN T. , JACKS HUGH , MCGOWEN FRANCIS I. , WEISER AND JOHN
Published: July 2022

This Panel Is Based On Zoom Interviews Peter Lillback Conducted In The Late Summer And Fall Of 2021. It Complements The Interview With Tandean Rustandy, An International And Indonesian Businessman. The Interviews Explore The Relationship Between Business And Faith, The Joys And Challenges Of Business
Leadership, And Current Economic Issues. The Panel Aims To Equip Church Leaders And Pastors To Better Minister To Businesspeople, But It Also Addresses Young People Considering A Career In Business And Others Interested In The Topic. KEYWORDS:
Experiencias de gestión en la creación de un grupo de investigación en etnomusicología
Authors: Pitre Vásquez Edwin Ricardo , Ferreira – Lia Luzia Aparecida
Published: July 2022

El objetivo de este artículo es presentar el proceso de creación, organización, gestión y los resultados de la investigación realizada por el Grupo de Investigación en Etnomusicología de la Universidad Federal de Paraná – GRUPETNO UFPR, desde 2011. El método utilizado fue experimental, transversales hipotéticas deductivas-inductivas, descriptivas-correlacionales, cuantitativas y cualitativas analíticas. La relevancia de la experiencia de gestión buscó demostrar cómo el Grupo contribuyó para la expansión y efectividad del campo de la Etnomusicología Dialógica en Brasil. Como resultado, fue posible observar el aumento de investigaciones en el área con contenido transdisciplinario, justificado por el hecho de que este es el primer grupo de investigación con estas características en Brasil.
Methods in Combating Alcoholism
Authors: Matelong Elijah Kibiengo , Choge Emily , Njure Stephen
Published: July 2022

This research article endeavours to explore the various activities employed by the Roman Catholic Church (RCC) in controlling the “second generation” alcohol abuse in Eldoret Municipality, Uasin Gishu County, Kenya. “Second-generation” alcohol abuse is of great concern, as many people have indulgenced into it, with negative effects. The RCC has dominant role to play in controlling the abuse, as it is among the most predominant religious institution and has a large following in the area. In its theoretical framework, it has utilized the Structural Functional Theory by Emile Durkheim and Symbolic Interaction Theory by Marx Weber were used its endeavour to unveil the key question. Methodologically, it targeted the Roman Catholic believers, clergy, rehabilitation counsellors, Alcoholic Drinks Control Board and reformed addicts. Purposive sampling (snowball) technique was used to select 14 informants. Data was collected using Interview Guide and Observation Schedule. Among the key recommendations are that: religious institutions, and especially the RCC should initiate more programmes that can counteract widespread abuse of the “second generation” alcohol; the RCC should work hand-in-hand with the Government institutions to educate people on the dangers of the “second-generation” alcohol abuse; the National and County Governments should cooperate and come up with projects geared towards empowering the youths.
Perbandingan Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah dan Model Pembelajaran Langsung terhadap Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas XI IPA SMA Negeri 1 Pancarijang Kab. Sidrap (Studi Pada Materi Pokok Hidrolisis Garam)
Authors: Hamzah Annisa , Yunus Muhammad , Sulfikar Sulfikar
Published: July 2022

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen semu yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya pengaruh model pembelajaran berbasis masalah terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik kelas XI IPA SMA Negeri 1 Pancarijang Kab. Sidrap pada materi pokok hidrolisis garam. Variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini adalah penggunaan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah pada kelas eksperimen 1 dan model pembelajaran langsung pada kelas eksperimen 2, sedangkan variabel terikatnya adalah hasil belajar peserta didik kelas XI IPA SMA Negeri 1 Pancarijang Kab. Sidrap pada materi pokok hidrolisis garam. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah kelas XI IPA SMA Negeri 1 Pancarijang tahun ajaran 2014/2015 yang terdiri dari 5 kelas. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara acak. Kelas yang terpilih sebagai sampel yaitu kelas XI IPA3 sebagai kelas eksperimen 1 dengan jumlah peserta didik 38 orang dan kelas XI IPA4 sebagai kelas eksperimen 2 dengan jumlah peserta didik 39 orang. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan pemberian tes hasil belajar pada akhir pembelajaran. Pengujian hipotesis dengan uji Mann Whitney yang dilakukan pada α = 0,05 diperoleh nilai Zhitung (4,05) lebih besar dari Ztabel  (1,64). Hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik kelas XI IPA SMA Negeri 1 Pancarijang Kab. Sidrap pada materi pokok hidrolisis garam menunjukkan hasil belajar yang lebih meningkat daripada penggunaan model pembelajaran langsung.Kata Kunci: Berbasis masalah, hasil belajar, pembelajaran langsung ABSTRACTThis research was a quasi-experimental that aimed to know whether or not the influence of problem based learning model towards student’s achievement at class XI IPA SMA Negeri 1 Pancarijang kab. Sidrap on hydrolysis of salt subject matter. The independent variables were problem based learning model in experimental 1 class and direct learning model in experimental 2 class, while the dependent variable was students’ achievement at XI IPA SMA Negeri 1 Pancarijang Kab. Sidrap in salt hydrolysis subject matter. The population was class XI IPA SMA Negeri 1 Pancarijang in academic year 2014/2015 consisted of 5 classes.  Sampling was done randomly. The classes were chosen as sample were XI IPA3 as experimental 1 class with 38 students and XI IPA4 as experimental 2 class with 39 students. Data were collected by giving posttest. Testing the hypothesis with Mann Whitney test performed at α = 0,05 were obtained Zcalculated(4,05) was bigger than Ztable (1,64). Conclude that there was the influence of problem based learning model towards students’ achievement at class XI IPA SMA Negeri 1 Pancarijang Kab. Sidrap on hydrolysis salt subject matter.Keywords: Direct learning, problem based learning, students’ achievement
Pengaruh Ukuran Partikel terhadap Kualitas Briket Arang Tempurung Kelapa
Authors: Jaswella Rini Widya Ayu , Sudding Sudding , Ramdani Ramdani
Published: July 2022

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh ukuran partikel serbuk arang terhadap kualitas briket arang tempurung kelapa. Penelitian dilakukan beberapa tahap yaitu pembuatan briket, analisis kadar air, kadar abu, nilai kalor dan lama waktu pembakaran. Pembuatan briket menggunakan ukuran partikel 30 mesh, 40 mesh, 50 mesh, 60 mesh dan 70 mesh. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa semakin kecil ukuran partikel maka kualitas briket arang tempurung kelapa semakin menurun. Briket dengan ukuran partikel 70 mesh merupakan ukuran partikel terkecil. Berdasarkan SNI 01-6235-2000, briket tersebut masih termasuk berkualitas baik dengan kadar air 3,40%, kadar abu 2,40%, nilai kalor 6710 kal/g dan l ama waktu pembakaran 104 menit untuk satu briket dengan berat ± 7 gram.Kata kunci: Briket, ukuran partikel, kualitas briket ABSTRACTThis research was an experimental research that aimed to determine the effect of charcoal powder particle size to the quality of coconut shell charcoal briquettes. The research was conducted in several stages, i.e, production of briquettes, the analysis of moisture and ash content, calorific value and burning time. Briquettes was produced using the particle size of 30 mesh, 40 mesh, 50 mesh, 60 mesh and 70 mesh. The result showed that smaller particle size would reducing the quality of 70 mesh was the smallest particle size. Based on SNI 01-6235-2000, briquettes with the particle size of 70 mesh still classified as good quality briquettes with the moisture content of 3,40%, ash content of 2,40%, calorific value of 6710 cal/g and the burning time of 104 minutes for a briquette with weight of  ± 7 grams.Keywords: Briquette, particle size, the quality of briquette
Workplace incivility and intention to quit among Civil Servants. The moderating role of gender
Authors: Gadi Paul Dung , Rena Naanmiap Mathew , Ngyak Gayus Musa
Published: July 2022

Objective - The objective of the investigation was to examine the correlation between workplace incivility and employees' viewpoints by intention to quit and to investigate if gender buffers the link and the variations in workplace incivility tolerance between female and male civil servants. Methodology/Technique – The study respondents were comprised of 375 civil servants that filled out a self-administrated survey. Hypothesis testing uses the SmartPLS version 3.3,7. Finding – The outcomes showed that workplace incivility was significantly correlated to the intention to quit, and gender is not supported as a moderator of the incivility-intention to quit correlation. Conclusively, there was a substantial difference in workplace incivility between men and women. Surprisingly, men sensed even more extreme degrees of workplace incivility than women. Novelty – This study might be worthwhile evidence that workplace incivility has a positive effect on the intention to quit among civil servants, and the relationship was not moderated by gender. The higher civil servants perceived workplace incivility the higher the intent to quit the organization. The study might be worthwhile evidence for administrators to pinpoint, avert, avoid, avert and manage negative attitudes in the work environment more efficiently. Type of Paper: Empirical JEL Classification: M12, M19. Keywords: Workplace Incivility; Gender; Intention To Quit, Civil Servant Reference to this paper should be referred to as follows: Gadi, P.D.; Rena, M.N.; Ngyak, G.N. (2022). Workplace incivility and intention to quit among Civil Servants. The moderating role of gender, GATR-Global J. Bus. Soc. Sci. Review, 10(2), 104–113. https://doi.org/10.35609/gjbssr.2022.10.2(4)
Molecular and genetic verification of von Willebrand disease type 2N
Authors: Chernetskaya D. M. , Surin V. L. , Salomashkina V. V. , Pshenichnikova O. S. , Yakovleva E. V. , Zozulya N. I. , Sudarikov A. B. , Likhacheva E. A. , Shabanova E. S. , Perina F. G.
Published: July 2022

Introduction. Von Willebrand disease (vWD) is caused by von Willebrand factor (vWF) dysfunction resulting from pathogenic variants in the vWF gene coding the vWF protein. vWD type 2N is of particular interest, as it is characterized by almost normal vWF antigen level (Ag:vWF) and vWF loss of ability to bind FVIII and protect it from premature clearance, which leads to a low FVIII coagulation activity (FVIII:C). Therefore, the same phenotype occurs in patients with 2N type of vWD and hemophilia A.

Aim — to identify patients with 2N type vWD using molecular genetic methods.

Methods. Data from the medical histories of vWD patients were used. The major parameter in consideration was FVIII:C to vWF:Ag ratio, which is expected to be below 0.7 in type 2N of vWD. Pathogenic variants in exons and exon-intron junctions of the vWF gene were identified by Sanger sequencing. Due to recessive inheritance of type 2N, verification of the 2N vWD diagnosis required the identification of two pathogenic variants.

Results. Three patients were considered as suffering from type 2N of vWD according to hemostasis parameters (FVIII:C/vWF:Ag < 0.7). One patient with a preliminary hemophilia A diagnosis was included after sequencing of the F8 gene, which showed no alterations, so 2N type of vWD was suspected. In all cases, sequencing of the relevant functional regions of the vWF gene led to verification of vWD type 2N. One woman (patient # 4) had a homozygous pathogenic variant p.Arg854Gln (c.2561 G>A) associated with type 2N vWD. One woman (patient # 3) was a compound heterozygote for the pathogenic variant p.Arg816Trp (c.2446 C>T) associated with type 2N and a newly described insertion c.2098_2099insG, that leads to a frameshift. The woman with FVIII:C/vWF:Ag < 0.7 (patient # 1) and the patient # 2 with preliminary hemophilia А diagnosis were both compound heterozygotes for the same combination of pathogenic variants — c.2435delC and p.Thr791Met (c.2372 C>T). Pathogenic variant p.Thr791Met is associated with type 2N, while the deletion c.2435delC should lead to allele disabling.

Conclusion. Molecular methods allow more precise differentiation of type 2N from other types of vWD and hemophilia A.
Role of the intensive care in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Shchekina A. E. , Galstyan G. M. , Drokov M. Y.
Published: July 2022

Introduction. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is often complicated by life-threatening conditions.

Aim — an analysis of the life-threatening complications in recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells (allo-HSCs)

Main findings. From 10 to 50 % of allo-HSC recipients need to be admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) due to the development of life-threatening complications. The reasons for ICU admission are acute respiratory failure, sepsis, graft-versus-host disease, veno-occlusive disease, thrombotic microangiopathy, cytokine release syndrome, engraftment syndrome, etc. Conditioning regimen, donor type, stem cell source, underlying disease state and patient comorbidity are the risk factors associated with development of life-threatening conditions. The main prognostic factors of unfavorable ICU outcomes in allo-HSC recipients are the severity of multiple organ dysfunction and the need for organ support.
Mechanisms of action of immunomodulatory drugs — from teratogenicity to treatment of multiple myeloma
Authors: Semochkin S. V.
Published: July 2022

Introduction. Immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) are a class of chemical derivatives of thalidomide with numerous immunomodulatory, antiangiogenic, anti-inflammatory, and cytostatic effects in multiple myeloma (MM).

Aim — to highlight the history of the discovery of IMiDs and discuss the molecular mechanisms of their therapeutic activity.

Basic information. In 2010, more than half a century after the German company Chemie Grünenthal began the clinical use of thalidomide, the first understanding of the molecular mechanism of thalidomide and its structural derivatives appeared. Hiroshi Handa and colleagues from the Tokyo Medical University discovered that the drug thalidomide binds to the protein Cereblon (CRBN), a substrate receptor of the CRL4CRBN E3 ubiquitin ligase. Subsequent generations of immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) — lenalidomide and pomalidomide, are structurally like thalidomide. The glutarimide ring of IMiDs is inserted into the receptor pocket of the CRBN. In this case, the variable phthalimide part of the drug protrudes from the binding domain, changing the configuration of the CRBN in such a way that it allows it to interact with proteins (neosubstrates) with which it does not react under physiological conditions. It was later found that ubiquitin-mediated degradation of two transcription factors (Ikaros and Aiolos) underlies the antitumor and immunomodulatory activity of IMiDs, which have shown unique clinical efficacy in the treatment of multiple myeloma. A natural continuation of the success of IMiDs was the creation of a series of therapeutic molecules (Iberdomide, etc.) belonging to a new class of drugs called CELMoDs (Cereblon E3 Ligase Modulating Drugs). The presented literature review is devoted to the history of the discovery of IMiDs and a discussion of the molecular mechanisms of their therapeutic activity.
Management of patients with hemophilia A on emicizumab prophylactic treatment: Recommendation from Russian Experts
Authors: Andreeva T. A. , Zharkov P. A. , Zozulya N. I. , Zorenko V. Yu. , Konstantinova V. N. , Lebedev V. V. , Mamaev A. N. , Markova I. V. , Petrov V. Yu. , Polyanskaya T. Yu. , Schiller E. E.
Published: July 2022

Introduction. In 2018 emicizumab was approved in Russia for prophylactic treatment in patients with hemophilia A (HA) with inhibitors and in 2019 for patients with severe HA without inhibitors. A significant amount of data has been accumulated from clinical trials and real-world data, which allow us to resolve most of the questions that hematologists may have when to prescribe emicizumab.

Aim — to provide information on the management of patients on emicizumab.

Results. The recommendations accumulated the currently available information and world experience in the management of patients receiving emicizumab in order to facilitate decision-making when prescribing and using emicizumab. Information on the use of emicizumab in patients with HA with FVIII inhibitors and severe HA without FVIII inhibitors is presented. Possible complications and measures for their prevention and treatment are presented.
InGaN-based green micro-LED efficiency enhancement by hydrogen passivation of the p-GaN sidewall
Authors: Kirilenko Pavel , Iida Daisuke , Zhuang Zhe , Ohkawa Kazuhiro
Published: July 2022

We investigated the effect of the sidewall passivation by hydrogen plasma on the InGaN green micro-LED performance. Hydrogen passivation deactivates the surface region of p-GaN around the perimeter of the device mesa. Thus, hole injection is suppressed in this region, where etching-caused material degradation results in leakage current, decreasing device efficiency. We have confirmed the hydrogen passivation effect on LED square pixels with sizes of 20 and 100 μm. For smaller LEDs, the reverse leakage current has reduced more than tenfold, and the external quantum efficiency of LEDs was enhanced 1.4-times due to the suppression of the non-radiative recombination.
A Yishuv biztonság- és védelempolitikájának változásai az oszmán időktől az államalapításig
Authors: Király István Mihály
Published: July 2022

Izrael egy fiatal ország, amelynek modern kori államisága 1948-ig vezethető vissza. Létrejötte azonban nem egyik pillanatról a másikra történt, azt mintegy 70 évnyi zsidó bevándorlás és térnyerés előzte meg. 1882-től kezdődően több bevándorlási hullám keretében érkeztek (főleg Európából) zsidók az Oszmán Birodalom, majd később Palesztina Brit Mandátumterületére,3 céljuk pedig a cionizmus megjelenésétől az önálló haza megteremtése volt. Ahhoz, hogy megértsük, hogyan válhatott ez valóra, és hogyan volt képes megvédeni születendő államát az ott élő zsidó lakosság a túlerőben lévő arab országokkal szemben a függetlenségi háború során, kulcsfontosságú megvizsgálnunk egyrészt a cionista vezetők politikáját (főleg a külső hatalmakkal szemben), a helyi arab lakossággal fennálló konfliktus okait és mérföldköveit, valamint azon önvédelmi szervezetek kialakulását és fejlődését, amelyek ennek következtében jöttek létre. A tanulmány ennek megfelelően bemutatja a cionista vezetők politikai céljainak és stratégiájának változásait, valamint ezen változások okait 1882 és 1948 között, illetve ismerteti a későbbi Izraeli Védelmi Erők gerincét adó önvédelmi szervezetek (Bar Giora – Hashomer – Haganah) fejlődési útját, történetét.
An Analysis of Methods for Forecasting Epidemic Disease Outbreaks using Information from Social Media
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science, Vishwakarma Institution of Information Technology, Pune (Maharashtra), India., Wankhede Mrs. Disha Sushant , Sadawarte Rohan Rajendra ,   Students, Department of Computer Science, Vishwakarma Institution of Information Technology, Pune (Maharashtra), India, Mulla Mahek Ibrahim ,   Students, Department of Computer Science, Vishwakarma Institution of Information Technology, Pune (Maharashtra), India, Jadhav Shreya Rahul ,   Students, Department of Computer Science, Vishwakarma Institution of Information Technology, Pune (Maharashtra), India
Published: July 2022

Predicting the rise or fall of an epidemic or pandemic is an essential part of establishing control over it. Post-World War 1, when there was an outbreak of the “Black Plague” there weren’t any means to analyze and predict. Although today we are equipped with tools like Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence which have certainly enabled us to prevent unnecessary loss of life. It helps prepare the health officials to build the infrastructure and interpret the intensity of preparedness regulation of resources. The aim of this survey is to analyze and shed some light on the various algorithms and methods such as - regression models, neural networks, ARIMA, etc. Before building any model, gathering and processing the data is also essential. Hence our paper also focuses on which social media platforms proved beneficial in comparison to all we found and then made fit to be incorporated into the models. While researching for this paper, we observed that every disease has a different transmission type that leads to an outbreak and is a key factor in constructing a model. The literature evaluation in this work is centered on various prediction algorithms and their strategies for extracting online data from social media sites like Facebook and Twitter, all of which have drawn a lot of interest in early disease diagnosis for public health.
Sulla governance
Authors: Lombardi Vallauri Edoardo
Published: July 2022

Diversi lettori chiedono se e come si debba tradurre la parola inglese governance in ambito politico e in contesti aziendali, quale sia il genere da attribuirle in italiano e se sia lecito usare questa o altre parole inglesi nel testo di una legge.
VAIKŲ, TURINČIŲ GOMURYJE RETINUOTUS VIRŠUTINIUS ILTINIUS DANTIS, ANTROPOMETRINIAI GALVOS IR VEIDO MATMENYS, IŠDYGUSIŲ NUOLATINIŲ DANTŲ SKAIČIUS
Authors: Nagreckaitė Ona , Almonaitienė Rūta , Smailienė Dalia
Published: July 2022

Viršutinio žandikaulio nuolatinės ilties retencija yra reta patologija, tačiau ankstyva jos diagnostika svarbi dėl galimų komplikacijų prevencijos ir optimalaus gydymo laiko parinkimo. Šios patologijos diagnostikos aukso standartas yra rentgenologiniai tyrimai, tačiau svarbu rasti paprastų, nežalingų diagnostikos kriterijų, kurie leistų laiku įtarti šią patologiją ir atlikti išsamius tyrimus.

Tyrimo tikslas – nustatyti, ar vaikų, turinčių gomurinėje padėtyje retinuotus viršutinio žandikaulio nuolatinius iltinius dantis, išoriniai galvos ir veido matmenys bei išdygusių nuolatinių dantų skaičius skiriasi nuo vaikų, neturinčių dantų dygimo sutrikimų.

Tyrimo medžiaga ir metodai. Tyrimas atliktas VUL Žal­girio klinikoje ir LSMU Odontologijos fakulteto Orto­dontijos klinikoje, gavus įstaigų vadovų ir tiriamųjų su­tikimus. Tiriamąją grupę sudarė 44 10-16 metų vaikai, turintys vieną ar abi gomurinėje padėtyje retinuotas vir­šutinio žandikaulio iltis. Vaikų galvos matmenys išma­tuoti antropometriniais instrumentais. Kontrolinei grupei naudoti duomenys iš Lietuvoje atlikto antropometrinio tyrimo „Veido, žandikaulių ir dantų raida“. Statistinė analizė atlikta SPSS 21.0 programa, naudojant Mann- Whitney U testą.

Rezultatai. Iš 32 išmatuotų išorinių galvos matmenų, 11

matmenų medianos visose amžiaus grupėse buvo mažes­nės už 50 procentilį. Labiausiai išsiskyrė kaukolės bazės plotis – 68,18 proc. tiriamųjų šis matmuo buvo mažesnis už 5 procentilį. Tiriamųjų philtrum pločio ir viršutinio žandikaulio gylio medianos buvo pasiskirsčiusios ties 5 procentiliu ar žemiau. Veido apatiniojo aukšto, apatinio žandikaulio šakos bei viršutinės lūpos šoninės odinės dalies aukščių medianos buvo pasiskirsčiusios tarp 50 ir 5 procentilių. 47,73 proc. tiriamųjų turėjo mažesnį išdy­gusių dantų skaičių nei vidutinis bendraamžis.

Išvados. 10-16 metų vaikų, turinčių retinuotas viršutinio žandikaulio iltis, veido viršutinis aukštas yra siauresnis, apatinis – žemesnis, bendroji veido projekcija strėlinėje plokštumoje mažiau išreikšta, būdinga vėluojanti nuo­latinių dantų kaita. Kaukolės bazės pločio, viršutinio žandikaulio gylio ir philtrum pločio matmenys galėtų būti laikomi diagnostiniais retinuotų iltinių dantų po­žymiais veide.
SLAUGYTOJŲ EMOCINĖ IR PSICHINĖ BŪSENA COVID-19 PANDEMIJOS METU
Authors: Ruginienė Laima
Published: July 2022

Gydymo įstaigos – tai sveikatos priežiūros sistemos sek­torius, kur streso pasireiškimas tolygiai didėja ir tampa neišvengiama kasdienio darbo dalimi. Slaugytojoms yra kur kas didesnėrizika patirti stresąCOVID-19 pande­mijos metu.

Tyrimo tikslas – įvertinti patiriamąstresąkoronaviruso COVID-19 pandemijos metu slaugytojų požiūriu. Ty­rimo metodai: mokslinės literatūros analizė, anketinėapklausa, aprašomoji statistinėanalizė.

Rezultatai. Įvertinus patiriamąstresąkoronaviruso CO­VID-19 pandemijos metu nustatyta, kad slaugytojos darbe didesnįstresądažniausiai patyrėdėl nesaugios darbo aplinkos iškvietimo vietose, ilgalaikio buvimo su asmens apsaugos priemonėmis, pasikeitusios darbo specifikos, darbo organizavimo aspektų. Streso lygįdi­dino baimėužkrėsti virusu šeimą, draugus bei užsikrėsti pačiam, padidėjęs pacientųskaičius ir būsima fizinėizo­liacija po kontakto su koronavirusu sergančiu (galimai užsikrėtusiu) pacientu.

Išvados. Stresas yra organizmo atsakas įnemalonius emocinius potyrius – tai kūno reakcija įpokyčius, ku­riems reikia atsako, reguliavimo ir (arba) fizinio, psicho­loginio ir (ar) emocinio prisitaikymo. Tyrimu nustatyta, kad kuo darbuotojųdarbo stažas didesnis, tuo labiau jie bijo užsikrėsti koronavirusu. Atsirado padidėjusi emocinėįtampa, nuotaikos svyravimai, sutriko dėmesio koncentra­cija. Patiriamas stresas darbe paveikėdarbuotojųfizinęir psichinęsveikatą, sumažėjo motyvacija dirbti, suprastėjo darbo kokybė.
ANESTEZIJOS GYLIO MONITORAVIMAS ELEKTROENCEFALOGRAFIJA PAGRĮSTOMIS SISTEMOMIS
Authors: Skrabytė Karolina , Barzdaitė Justina
Published: July 2022

Sukeliant bendrąją nejautrą, siekiama, kad pacientas iš­liktų nesąmoningas visos planuojamos intervencijos metu [8]. Paciento sąmoningumas anestezijos metu gali sukelti tokius psichologinius sutrikimus, kaip nerimas ar potrau­minio streso sindromas [4]. Medikamentai, kurie sukelia anestezinį miegą, veikia smegenis. Norint tiksliai įver­tinti anestezijos gylį, auksiniu standartu laikomi pokyčiai elektroencefalogramoje (EEG) [8]. Klinikinėje praktikoje dažniausiai naudojamas bispektrinio indekso monitorius (BIS). Atliktų tyrimų duomenimis nustatyta, kad stebint BIS reikšmes operacijos metu, skiriamos anestetikų dozės sumažėja iki 27 proc. ir mažėja intraoperacinio pacientų sąmoningumo rizika [9].
ROŽINĖ: KLASIFIKACIJA, DIAGNOSTIKA IR DIFERENCINĖ DIAGNOSTIKA
Authors: Jasponytė Ieva
Published: July 2022

Rožinė – tai lėtinė uždegiminė odos liga, kuri prasideda veido raudoniu ir pažeidžia centrinę veido dalį – kaktą, nosį, skruostus ir smakrą. Dažniausiai ši liga manifes­tuoja persistuojančia arba tranzitine eritema, uždegimi­nėmis papulėmis ir pustulėmis bei telangiektazijomis. Kliniškai pacientai dažniausiai skundžiasi odos deginimo pojūčiu, sausa oda bei veido srities edemomis.

Tyrimo tikslas – atrinkti ir išanalizuoti naujausias moksli­nes publikacijas apie rožinę, jos klasifikaciją, diagnostiką bei diferencinę diagnostiką.