bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Originality of Levinas
Authors: Leahy D.G.
Published: November 2019

Levinas depicts a pluralism of subjectivity older than consciousness and self-consciousness. He repudiates Heidegger's notion of solitude in order to explore the implications of the Husserlian pure I outside the subject. A hidden Good constitutes the Other in the self: a diremption not at the expense of the unity of the self. Levinas stands with Nietzsche on the side of life which requires and is capable of no justification whatsoever. But for Levinas the totality is ruptured by the thought that there is a unity of self undiminished by its immemorial responsibility for the Other, a unity of self beyond totality. This self containing the Other is the transcendence of the Ego otherwise immanent in Husserl's pure intentionality. Just here Levinas' thought is most perfectly distinguished from Sartre's notion of the transcendence of the Ego as complete exclusion from the immanence of intentionality. The pure I is otherwise than the Hegelian absolute Elastizität: incarnate and inspirited, the "self tight in its own skin." The transubstantiation of Ego to Other has not yet occurred to thought in Levinas, but what does occur here is the altersubstantiation of the I. The Other in the Same is an alteration of essence. It is precisely through thinking the contraction of [the modern] essence [of consciousness] that Levinas thinks otherwise than being, beyond essence, thinks "a thought profounder and 'older' than the cogito." Humanity signifies a "new image" of the Infinite in the preoriginary freedom by which the Self shows the Other mercy.
Heidegger’s Critique of Cartesianism
Authors: Mansbach Abraham
Published: November 2019

Heidegger is one of the few Western thinkers to have succeeded in going beyond the Western philosophic tradition. Because his radical criticism is believed to have fractured the foundations of modern philosophy, his thinking is usually at the center of the controversy between the defenders of the tradition and those who wish to break with it and start afresh. In the heat of this debate, the question of Heidegger's place in relation to that tradition in general and to Cartesianism in particular has been neglected. I wish to address the question by focusing on the major aspects of Heidegger's critique of Cartesian philosophy and the modern tradition. I will first show that the strength of his criticism lies in its all-encompassing penetration of the foundations of modern philosophy, running through both the ontological and epistemological channels. Ontologically, Heidegger presents a critique of subjectivism; epistemologically, he discredits the correspondence conception of truth and its underlying visual metaphor. I will then look at his view of history and the meaning of his concept of "overcoming" in order to show that his aim is not to destroy the tradition, but to provide a wider basis for it by rescuing forgotten elements imbedded in the tradition itself. Finally, I will show that in this process of "overcoming," Heidegger did not really depart from the tradition, but absorbed some of its basic tenets, as his concept of death echoes major elements of Cartesian doubt.
Reinterpretación Filosófica de la Paideia Trágica
Authors: Rebok María Gabriela
Published: November 2019

Philosophy as paideia is shown here as a resignification of tragedy as paideia in consonance with several contemporary thinkers. In this philosophical reading of tragedy, noted as the confirmation of an êthos starting from páthos, the experience of suffering is a privileged instance of learning which generates a peculiar wisdom — anagnórisis. Its appropriation gives occasion for a deep conversion that may take place as salvation. Moreover, the tragical paideía is — in the case of Antígone — an exemplary surpassing of violence towards justice, and the surpassing of justice in the paradigm of friendship and human solidarity. From Antígone, it is possible to throw light on the ethical life (Sittlichkeit), so as to see it as did Hegel. In it there is already a constellation of tensions provoked by the connected incidence of destiny and the action of human liberty. This constitutes the tragical conflict which shakes the home or family, the pólis, the phýsis and questions of justice and destiny, in order to recover them, perhaps, at a higher level of love and friendship. But above all, Antígone presents an alternative to paideía because she speaks and acts from alterity, from the brother or sister as the other absent, and so allows the other side to emerge, the other side imperfectly seen until now as an obscure, unconscious, underground — the other that one tends to forget and avoid — the excluded, the nothing as mystery of being, the kingdom of shadows that exalts the limits of light-figures, the female principle as the gravity-force of the male principle, femininity as 'irony of the community.'
Metaphilosophical Pluralism and Paraconsistency
Authors: Bobenrieth Andrés , Carlos Verdugo Orellana Benado
Published: November 2019

In a famous passage, Kant claimed that controversy and the lack of agreement in metaphysics—here understood as philosophy as a whole—was a ‘scandal.’ Attempting to motivate his critique of pure reason, a project aimed at both ending the scandal and setting philosophy on the ‘secure path of science,’ Kant endorsed the view that for as long as disagreement reigned sovereign in philosophy, there would be little to be learned from it as a science. The success of philosophy begins when controversy ends and culminates when the discipline itself as it has been known disappears. On the other hand, particularly in the second half of the twentieth century, many have despaired of the very possibility of philosophy constituting the search for truth, that is to say, a cognitive human activity, and constituting thus a source of knowledge. This paper seeks to sketch a research program that is motivated by an intuition that opposes both of these views.
Una Aparente Violacion del Principio de No Contradiccion
Authors: Morey Patricia , Sokolskis Sandra Vi
Published: November 2019

The Principle of Non-Contradiction is one of the fundamental rules in the framework of rationality. As rational agents who avoid contradictions and logic, human beings follow this rule as a basic principle. The study of inconsistencies in natural, scientific and formal reasoning have threatened this view in the recent past, with the danger that relativism will lead to incommensurable, parochial and local knowledge. Evans-Pritchard's studies on magic, oracle and witchcraft among the Azande has prompted perennial discussion on the limits of the universality of classical logic. In this paper, we propose that with the aid of non-deductive logics — non-monotonic and logic of partial structures — it is possible to reformulate a rationality that more precisely describes natural reasoning.
Russell, Strawson, and William of Ockham
Authors: Kaye Sharon
Published: November 2019

Realism and conventionalism generally establish the parameters of debate over universals. Do abstract terms in language refer to abstract things in the world? The realist answers yes, leaving us with an inflated ontology; the conventionalist answers no, leaving us with subjective categories. I want to defend nominalism — in its original medieval sense, as one possibility that aims to preserve objectivity while positing nothing more than concrete individuals in the world. First, I will present paradigmatic statements of realism and conventionalism as developed by Russell and Strawson. Then, I will present the nominalist alternative as developed by William of Ockham.
Aquinas on Conscience, the Virtues, and Weakness of Will
Authors: Langston Douglas C.
Published: November 2019

The intellectualistic analysis of conscience Aquinas provides appears to regard conscience as mechanistic and undynamic. Such understanding fails to place Aquinas’s remarks on conscience in the context of the virtue ethics he offers in the Summa and his Commentary on the Nicomachean Ethics. In fact, there is an intricate connection between the virtues and conscience in Aquinas’s thought, and this connection relates directly to his remarks on weakness of will. His connecting conscience to issues in Aristotelian virtue ethics affects subsequent discussions of conscience in significant ways.
Infraspecific morphological and genetic variations of Ficus carica L. from Iran
Authors: Zolfaghari Mohammad Reza , Salimpour Fahimeh , Sharifnia Fariba , Peyvandi Maryam , Jafari Marandi Sayeh
Published: November 2019

Ficus carica L. (Moraceae) is one of the most important crop plants widely cultivated in different parts of the world. Several wild or cultivated populations of it grow in various regions of Iran. In the current research, we evaluated morphological and molecular SSR methods in order to investigate infraspecific variations in this species and introduce possible phenotypes/genotypes among its populations. For this, 14 populations were selected from different parts of the country. We evaluated 27 qualitative and quantitative morphological traits of both reproductive and vegetative organs. The ANOVA test revealed significant variations for most of the quantitative variables; moreover, qualitative features differed among populations. Significant correlations were found between some morphological characteristics with ecological factors of habitats. According to the UPGMA tree, four morphotypes existed among these populations. CA-joined plot revealed that each group was identified by some morphological variables. In addition, parameters of genetic diversity varied among the studied populations, while the AMOVA test showed significant variations, most of which belonged to the variations within the population. According to the UPGMA tree, MDS and PCoA plots, the studied populations were divided into four distinct genotypes. In addition, the UPGMA tree based on Nei genetic diversity and Structure analyses confirmed these groups. Three groups were monotypic and the fourth was composed of eleven populations. Patterns of population clustering based on the morphological traits were not similar to those of SSR data. Therefore we concluded that environmental factors had strong effects on the population’s phenotype and genotypes were not recognized by their phenotypes.
Caracterização da gestão de pessoas na administração pública de municípios do sul do estado de Minas Gerais
Authors: Guimarães Júnior Ernani de Souza , Portugal Júnior Pedro dos Santos , Silva Sheldon William , Moreira Alessandro Messias , Piurcosky Fabrício Pelloso
Published: November 2019

O presente trabalho aborda a Gestão de Pessoas na Administração Pública de Municípios da região Sul do Estado de Minas Gerais. Propõe-se a buscar correlações entre a forma de organização e gerenciamento do governo municipal, especificamente no que se refere à administração de seu pessoal, buscando caracterizar a gestão de pessoas na esfera pública municipal na região pesquisada. A pesquisa é de natureza exploratória, com utilização de questionários on-line e físico como instrumentos de coletas de dados, e utilização do software SPSS 21 para realização das análises descritivas e multivariadas dos dados. Utilizou-se de amostragem por conveniência em virtude da pouca adesão dos municípios envolvidos. Os resultados demonstraram que, ainda que exista o setor de RH, as práticas de gestão de pessoas no setor público ainda não atuam de forma estratégica. Municípios de população maior demonstram ter práticas mais estruturadas, envolvendo principalmente os processos de treinamento e remuneração dos trabalhadores.
Los descansos activos y la mejora de los aprendizajes en educación infantil: una propuesta de intervención
Authors: Pastor-Vicedo JC. , Martínez-Martínez J. , Jaén Tévar Y. , Prieto-Ayuso A.
Published: November 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo es el estudio de la relación entre los descansos activos y el rendimiento académico en niños del segundo ciclo de educación infantil, mejorando los diversos contenidos curriculares, a través de juegos de Educación Física. La muestra estuvo compuesta por un total de 50 alumnos, divididos en grupo control (n=25) y un grupo experimental (n=25). Para la recopilación de datos se llevaron a cabo dos evaluaciones, una antes de la realización de los descansos activos, pre-test y otra posterior, post-test. Para el análisis de datos se utilizó la prueba t-Student, para medias de muestras relacionadas. Los resultados obtenidos reflejaron la importancia de la actividad física en el rendimiento académico, así como los beneficios transversales que aporta a la salud.

The objective of this work is the study of the relationship between active breaks and academic performance in children preschool education, improving the curricular contents, through physical education games. The sample was formed by 50 participants, divided into a control group (n = 25) and an experimental group (n = 25). For the data collection, two evaluations were conducted, one before the programme (pre) and the other one after the programme (post). For the data analysis the t-Student test was used. The results obtained reflected the importance of physical activity in academic performance, as well as the transversal benefits it brings to health.
Treatment of the bodies of those killed in French mercenary operations between 1960 and 1989
Authors: Bruyeré-Ostells Walter
Published: November 2019

Mercenaries are fighters who operate under special conditions. Their presence, as
shadow combatants, often tends to exacerbate the violence of their enemies.
That’s why the analysis focuses on the singularity of the relationship to
death and ‘procedures’ concerning the corpses of their fallen
comrades. As a fighter identified and engaged in landlocked areas, the
mercenary’s corpse is treated according to material constraints
pertaining in the 1960s. After violence on their body, and evolution towards the
secret war, mercenaries favour the repatriation of the body or its
disappearance. These new, painful conditions for comrades and families give
birth to a collective memory fostered by commemorations.
Fallen comrades? Anthropological analysis of human remains from the siege of Turin, 1706
Authors: Mercinelli Martina , Smith Martin J.
Published: November 2019

The construction of an underground car park beneath the main square of Turin,
Italy in 2004 led to the unearthing of the skeletonised remains of twenty-two
individuals attributable to the early eighteenth century. At this time the city
was besieged during the War of the Spanish Succession in a hard-fought battle
that resulted in unexpected triumph for the Piedmontese, a victory that marked a
fundamental turning point in Italian history. The current study assesses the
strength of evidence linking the excavated individuals to the siege and assesses
their possible role in the battle through consideration of their biological
profiles, patterns of pathology and the presence of traumatic injuries. This
article presents the first analysis of evidence for the siege of Turin from an
anthropological point of view, providing new and unbiased information from the
most direct source of evidence available: the remains of those who actually took
part.
Investigation of Characteristics and Thermal Behaviour of Lignocellulosic Waste Biomass Using Thermogravimetric Analysis
Authors: Lopičić Zorica , Šoštarić Tatjana , Hosseini-Bandegharaei Ahmad , Milojković Jelena , Petrović Marija , Pantović Spajić Katarina , Avdalović Jelena
Published: November 2019

This paper focuses on lignocellulosic waste biomass originating from food industry, which should find its further application in order to fulfill demands of circular economy. Therefore, here are presented some of the chemical and physical properties that affect combustion process, as well as thermochemical reaction kinetics for lignocellulosic biomass wastes. The biomass investigated was peach stone particles originating from food industry. The results have showed that peach stones can be characterized as good energy alternative renewable material, with properties that allow its safe thermochemical conversion. Kinetic analysis of this biomass was performed using Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) with a simple reaction model applied, namely n-th order reaction model. The obtained results have confirmed the complex nature of this material and the need for further modelling.
Removing Products of Thermal Degradation from Edible Oils by Zeolite and by Clinoptilolite - Comparison of Results
Authors: Dobrnjac Sanja , Vasiljević Ljubica , Blagojević Stevan , Gligorić Miladin , Obrenović Zoran , Cvijetinović Vesna , Tošković Dragan
Published: November 2019

When edible oils are heated above 150°C, they undergo thermo-oxidative changes depending on a variety of factors, such as temperature, heating time, type of oil, etc. These changes cause a series of chemical reactions (hydrolysis, oxidation, polymerization, etc.) resulting in the formation of free fatty acids, an increase in the peroxide number and the acid number, a change of color and a decrease in the iodine number. This study investigates changes of the content of free fatty acids, the acid number, and the peroxide number in edible sunflower oil when heating at the temperature range from 110°C to 190°C for 30 minutes, as well as after the adsorption by a natural and a synthetic adsorbent (clinoptilolite and zeolite 4A). The results of the research show that these adsorbents are effective in removing the products of chemical reactions occurring in thermal degradation, which is particularly evident after the adsorption of oil heated at 190°C. Somewhat better results were achieved after the adsorption using clinoptilolite, with a 72 % reduction in the content of free fatty acids, 83 % reduction in the acid number, and 43 % reduction in the peroxide number. After the adsorption by zeolite 4A, the content of free fatty acids was reduced by 65%, the acid number by 76 %, and the peroxide number by 39 %. The results obtained open the possibilities of further research aiming at discovering the adsorbents which would be most suitable for the regeneration of used edible oils, after which they could be applied safely for different purposes.
EFFECTS OF MINIMAL PROCESSING AND VITAMIN C ENRICHMENT ON MICROBIOLOGICAL SAFETY AND VISCOSITY OF LIQUID EGG WHITE
Authors: Tóth Adrienn , Németh Csaba , Ayari Emna , Pásztor-Huszár Klára , Zeke Ildikó , Hidas Karina , Friedrich László
Published: November 2019

Emerging technologies, like High Hydrostatic Pressure, heat treatments on low temperatures, and ultra-sonication, have an increasing tendency in industrial application. Vitamin enriched foods, like eggs, are considered as functional foods, but for high retention of biologically active compounds adequate minimal processing technologies are needed. In our study vitamin C enriched liquid egg white was examined to meet consumer expectations. Several combinations of low temperature pasteurization (57 - 63°C, 5 – 7 min) and High Hydrostatic Pressure (350, 5 min) were used to provide microbiological stability of vitamin C enriched (1000 mg/L) liquid egg white. After enrichment and treatments, the samples were examined for mesophyll aerobe and Enterobacteriaceae cell counts and viscosity attributes. Our results show that microbiological stability is not significantly influenced by vitamin C enrichment, but the different parameters of heat treatments and HHP have a strong effect. Viscosity attributes (measured with Anton Paar MCR 92) analysed by Hershel-Bulkley models point out that higher pressure of HHP has a stronger influence on viscosity than the temperature of pasteurization. Our results show a great opportunity for industrial use of minimal processing technologies for liquid egg white.
Evaluation of the Association Between Plantar Fasciitis and Hallux Valgus
Authors: Cobden Adem , Camurcu Yalkin , Sofu Hakan , Ucpunar Hanifi , Duman Serda , Kocabiyik Ahmet
Published: November 2019

Background

The windlass mechanism, first described by John Hicks in 1954, defines the anatomical and biomechanical relationship between the hallux and the plantar fascia. Hallux valgus (HV) and plantar fasciitis are the most common foot disorders, and, to date, no study has evaluated the relationship between these disorders. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of and factors associated with plantar fasciitis in patients with HV deformity.

Methods

In this prospective observational study, 486 patients with HV were divided into three groups according to stage of HV deformity. Patient sex, age, and body mass index were recorded. Presence of accompanying plantar fasciitis and heel spur was investigated by physical and radiographic examination. First metatarsophalangeal joint dorsiflexion of the affected side was measured. Patients with or without plantar fasciitis were also compared to evaluate factors associated with plantar fasciitis.

Results

Mean age and body mass index of the patients were significantly different among the three HV groups. The incidence of plantar fasciitis and heel spur significantly increased in correlation with the severity of HV deformity. Increased age and HV stage and decreased first metatarsophalangeal joint dorsiflexion were significantly associated with presence of plantar fasciitis in HV.

Conclusions

In this study, the incidence of plantar fasciitis was significantly increased in correlation with the severity of HV deformity. Significant association was found between plantar fasciitis and HV, which are anatomically and biomechanically related to each other by the windlass mechanism.
Starting young: Multimodal gender presentation in children’s pop music
Authors: Maxwell Kate
Published: November 2019

A recent quantitative study (Smith, Choueiti, and Pieper 2018) demonstrates the hegemonic discrimination in today’s popular music scene, particularly but not exclusively in gender and race. This paper builds on that study, taking it not only into a multimodal dimension (where musical and visual performances are taken into account), but also extending it to children’s popular music, here defined as popular music performed by children for an audience and market primarily made up of children and their guardians. 

The annual Norwegian popular music competition for children aged 8-15 Melodi Grand Prix Junior (MGP Jr) is the children’s equivalent of the adult competition to be Norway’s entry in the Eurovision Song Contest (ESC). It has been running since 2004, with 10 entries in each final, and those from 2007 onwards are available for public viewing on the national television channel’s website (tv.NRK.no). The resulting 130 songs thus provide a meaningful corpus from which to study current and recent multimodal gendered presentations of child performers. 

Preliminary multimodal gender analyses (cf Maxwell and Mittner 2018) show that the performances are based around traditional gender binaries (i.e. boys and girls). While both presented genders sing, except for rare exceptions it is only boys who play instruments. This both complements and contrasts the study of the ESC (Isaksen forthcoming) which also shows a clear dominance of singing, particularly among female and female-presenting artists (including drag queens). 

When these results from children’s pop music and from the ESC are set in relation to Smith, Choueiti, and Peiper 2018 in an interdisciplinary mixed methods approach, it is clear to see that the discrimination in the industry not only begins at a young age, it is also presented as normal, indeed attractive, to child viewers. This is borne out by the decreasing uptake of music tuition at Norwegian kulturskoler (the provider of state-sponsored lessons in the arts), particularly among school-age girls (Utdanningsdirektøret 2017). 

In this paper I will present multimodal analyses of a selection of songs from MGP Jr in order to provide both examples of and exceptions to the norms shown by the statistics. In addition, an analysis of the (gendered) presentations of standard Norwegian instrument textbooks (cf Blix 2018) provides background context, with an emphasis on the gendered meanings that surround children in their everyday musical lives. 

With thanks to Matilda Maxwell (age 11), aspiring instrumentalist, fan of MGP Jr, and research assistant.
Effects of a blend of green tea and curcuma extract supplementation on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in horses and ponies
Authors: Starzonek Janine , Roscher Katja , Blüher Matthias , Blaue Dominique , Schedlbauer Carola , Hirz Manuela , Raila Jens , Vervuert Ingrid
Published: November 2019

Background

In horses and ponies numerous medical conditions are known to be linked with inflammation in different tissues, especially in the liver. Besides affecting other metabolic pathways such as the expression of certain interleukins (IL), inflammation is associated with stress of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In particular, ER stress leads to adaptive stress response and can be measured by several markers of inflammatory and stress signalling pathways, like nuclear factor κB (NF-kB).

Objectives

To investigate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory reactions and their modulation in horses and ponies by feeding a polyphenol-rich supplement consisting of green tea and curcuma.

Methods

In a cross-over study, 11 animals were allocated to either a placebo or a supplement group and supplemented with 10 g of a blend of green tea and curcuma extract (GCE) or a placebo (calcium carbonate) once daily. After 21 days of supplementation, all animals underwent a LPS challenge to induce moderate systemic inflammation. Blood samples and liver biopsies were taken at standardized time points: 24 hours before and 12 hours after LPS challenge. Inflammatory blood parameters such as serum amyloid A (SAA), haptoglobin and retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) were measured in serum. Hepatic mRNA levels of selected markers of inflammation such ashaptoglobin, tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α), IL-1β, IL-6, cluster of differentiation 68 (CD68), fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21), NF-κB, activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4)were quantified by RT-qPCR. In addition, liver biopsies were examined histologically for inflammatory alterations.

Results

Blood markers of acute inflammatory response increased after LPS challenge. In the liver, the proinflammatory cytokineIL-1βshowed significantly lower mRNA levels after LPS challenge in the supplemented group (P = 0.04) compared to the placebo group. Levels of the hepaticCD68mRNA increased significantly in the placebo group (P = 0.04). There were no significant differences between supplemented and placebo groups concerning other markers of inflammation and markers of ER stress within the liver. The number of hepatic macrophages were not different after LPS challenge in both feeding groups.

Conclusion

LPS was able to induce inflammation but seemed less suitable to induce ER stress in the horses and ponies. The polyphenol-rich supplement showed some potential to reduce inflammatory responses. Nevertheless, the supplementation did not exert an overall anti-inflammatory effect in horses and ponies.
Mass Concentration and Size-distribution of Atmospheric Particulate Matter in Plateau State, Nigeria
Authors: Hemba E. C. , Trisma E. A. , Ikyumbur T. J.
Published: November 2019

The mass concentration and size distribution of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) was measured in three major towns in Plateau state. The CW-HAT200 PM2.5, PM10 dust particle counter was used to measure the particle size in each major location within Jos, Shendam and Pankshin. The results revealed that both PM2.5 and PM10 concentration were high in morning hours in most of the measured locations. These values were however found decreasing in the afternoon. The higher value of PM2.5 and PM10 observed in the morning hours in some locations within the study area can be attributed to the high volume of motorists plying the roads during those hours. However, some locations within the study area their PM2.5 and PM10 were higher in the afternoon hours than morning hours. The PM sampling respirable dust sampler (AMP460NL model) was placed on the elevated platform of 1.5 m high and 20 cm away from obstacles in order to avoid any obstruction of the air from tall buildings and trees etc. Measurements were taken after 8-hours per location and the average air flow rate, sample time, initial and final mass of the filter paper were used to calculate the mass concentration of the suspended particulate matter in each locations. The mass concentration of the suspended particulate matter were higher in dry season than in the rain season for all locations. This can be attributed to the dust usually experienced during the dry season on the Plateau.
The Effect of Capsella bursa-pastoris Extract on Heavy Menstrual Bleeding and Quality of Life in Patients with Uterine Leiomyoma: A Double-blind Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Sadat Danesh Atieh , Mojab Faraz , Mohammadbeigi Abolfazl , Bioos Soodabeh , Siaghati Zahra , Nojavan Fatemeh
Published: November 2019

Objectives: Heavy Menstrual Bleeding (HMB) is the most important problems of Uterine Leiomyoma (UL). This study aimed to assess the effect of the extract of the Capsella bursa-pastoris (CBP) on the control of HMB and quality of life in patients with uterine leiomyoma.

Design: In a double-blind randomized, clinical trial 54 women with uterine leiomyoma were randomly assigned to the intervention/control groups by block randomization.

Setting: Gynecology outpatient clinics.

Intervention: The intervention group received 350 mg of alcoholic extract of Capsella bursa-pastoris and the control group received placebo twice daily for three months.

Main Outcome Measures: Amount of bleeding by Pictorial blood loss assessment chart (PBAC), quality of life by menstrual quality of life questionnaires (MQ) and bleeding duration by calendar were evaluated.

Results: The mean of PBAC decreased from 464.00± 283.61 at baseline to 323.82±207.66 in the intervention group and decreased from 445.92±362.64 to 214.36±137.68 in control group in the third month. The improvement trend was significant in the two groups, but there was no significant difference between groups. The mean of bleeding duration and menstrual quality of life showed improvement in patients of two groups without significant difference between the two groups.

Conclusion: Despite the effectiveness of CBP in the intervention group in decreasing of PBAC score and menstrual bleeding duration and improvement of menstrual quality of life in patients who suffered from UL, it did not show a significant effect compared to the control group. Future studies with a larger sample size in one specific type of UL suggested.
Traumatismo dento-alveolar na infância: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Loiola Tábata Rebeca , Daltro Rafael Moreira , De Almeida Tatiana Frederico
Published: November 2019

Introdução: a epidemiologia do trauma dentário é importante para o seu reconhecimento e tratamento adequados. Dessa forma, fazse necessário estabelecer a prevalência e etiologia deste agravo, de modo a melhor compreendê-lo e consequentemente possibilitar um atendimento mais apropriado. Objetivo: realizar uma revisão de literatura, analisando estudos epidemiológicos nacionais sobre traumatismo dento-alveolares na dentição decídua e permanente quanto aos objetivos, metodologia e resultados nos últimos dez anos. Metodologia: revisão narrativa da literatura, na qual estudos epidemiológicos publicados no período entre 2007 e 2017 foram rastreados nas bases de dados Scielo, BBO e Lilacs, o assunto principal foi traumatismo dentoalveolar na infância. Resultados: os entes mais acometidos foram os incisivos centrais superiores, conforme achados de 6 (85,71%) investigações epidemiológicas. Cinco (71,43%) artigos observaram que a fratura de esmalte foi mais frequente, 4 (57,14%) estudos relataram que o sexo masculino
é mais acometido pelo traumatismo e 2 (28,57%) relatam que o overjet é um fator predisponente para o trauma dental. Conclusão: o traumatismo dentoalveolar na infância é um problema de ordem pública. O atendimento de urgência é fundamental, assim como o manejo adequado e o diagnóstico correto para minimizar as possíveis sequelas.
Drug induced liver damage in a universitary hospital
Authors: Magalhaes Mariana Porto , Paraná Raymundo , Santos Junior Genário Oliveira , Araújo Caio Gomes dos Santos , Nunes Vinicius Santos , Schinoni Maria Isabel
Published: November 2019

Background: Drug Induced Liver Injury (DILI) is responsible for wide spectrum of liver injury. Clinically, these events are presented in various forms and for reaching a different diagnosis other injury causes must be excluded. Aim: Identify and characterize cases of hepatotoxicity induced by drugs, herbal and dietary supplements in University Hospital in Brazil. Material and Methods: Observational and retrospective study. Was collected in records of University Hospital, between August 2009 at August 2014. The causality of the drug reactions suspected were evaluated Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS). Results: We selected 30 suspected cases, 50% was female and average was 39 years. The therapeutic classes most common was: anti-infectives; antineoplastic agents; central nervous system drugs, anabolic steroid and herbal and dietary supplements (HDS). Cholestatic or mixed injury was observed in 73% these cases; 60% were highly probable, according to CIOMS.  Conclusion: DILI is caused by a wide variety of drugs, dietary supplements and dietary supplements. Anti-infectives and chemotherapy were responsible for much of the response
O desafio de formar mestres e doutores numa instituição pública
Authors: Araújo Roberto Paulo Correia de
Published: November 2019

A aprovação de uma dissertação ou de uma tese publicamente defendida perante uma banca examinadora
de expertises, se constitui na etapa final que assegura a conclusão do mestrado ou do doutorado
por parte dos pós-graduandos regularmente matriculados. Esta condição caracteriza a singularidade que
é própria dos programas de pós-graduação stricto sensu. Assim sendo, busca-se através do mestrado qualificar
profissionais para o exercício do magistério e através do doutorado a formação de pesquisadores.
Austerlitz and His Author
Authors: Bannister Margaret
Published: November 2019

This article explores the interrelated themes of broken attachment, childhood trauma and the nature of memory, particularly associated with the evacuation of children from Europe, and within Britain at the start of the Second World War. The paper is based upon the life and works of the German author W. G. Sebald and, specifically, his novel Austerlitz, and, to a lesser extent, some of the author’s experience as a result of evacuation from London in 1940. The article also makes reference to recent work on the neurobiology of traumatic memory.
Ka tūhuria e te tuhinga nei ngā ariā taurite ki te motunga o ngā taura here, mate tamariki me te āhua o maumahara hāngai atu nei ki te hūnukutangahia o ngā tamariki mai i Ioripa me te rohe o Ingarangi i te tīmatanga o te Pakanga Tuarua. Ko te pūtaketanga o te tuhinga ko te koiora me ngā mahi a W. G. Sebald; he kaituhi Tiamana, whāia rawahia ko tana pukapuka Austerlitz, ā, itiiti nei te pānga ki ētahi o ana wheako ara ake i te wehenga mai i Rānana i te tau 1940. Ka tohu anō hoki te tuhinga ki te mahi onamata whakapā atu ki te mātauranga io koiora o te mate maumahara.
Panax notoginseng saponins ameliorate cisplatin‐induced mitochondrial injury via the HIF‐1α/mitochondria/ROS pathway
Authors: Li Qingqing , Liang Xueyan , Yang Yufang , Zeng Xian , Zhong Xiaobin , Huang Chun
Published: November 2019

Cisplatin is a major antineoplastic drug that is used to treat solid tumors, but its use is restricted by its nephrotoxicity. Such cisplatin‐induced nephrotoxicity (CIN) is believed to occur primarily through mitochondrial damage and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Our previous studies have indicated that Panax notoginseng saponins (PNSs) mitigate CIN by enhancing hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α (HIF‐1α)‐induced mitochondrial autophagy. In this study, the role of the HIF‐1α/mitochondria/ROS pathway in PNSs protection against CIN was investigated using a rat model. A CIN model was generated by giving rats intraperitoneal injections with cisplatin (a single dose) and then treating them with or without 2‐methoxyestradiol (HIF‐1α inhibitor) and PNSs. We then measured ROS levels, superoxide dismutase, glutathione, catalase malondialdehyde and nitric oxide (to evaluate oxidative stress) and ATP, mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening (to evaluate mitochondrial function) in kidneys at different time points. We observed that PNSs remarkably reduced the levels of ROS, malondialdehyde and nitric oxide, as well as the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore, which is increased by cisplatin and further increased by HIF‐1α inhibition. In addition, PNSs increased the levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione, as well as ATP and mitochondrial membrane potential in renal tissues; these are all reduced by cisplatin and further reduced by HIF‐1α inhibition. In conclusion, we demonstrate here that PNSs protects against mitochondrial damage induced by cisplatin through HIF‐1α/mitochondria/ROS.
Can animation compensate for temporal processing difficulties in deaf people?
Authors: Laurent Sébastien , Boucheix Jean‐Michel , Argon Stéphane , Hidalgo‐Muñoz Antonio R. , Paire‐Ficout Laurence
Published: November 2019

This article addresses the issue of animation as an aid for temporal processing difficulties in deaf people learning the Highway Code. A decision‐making task involving static or animated road situations was performed by 21 deaf and 24 hearing participants. They were confronted with four types of driving situations (overtaking, negotiating roundabouts, highways, and intersections) and had to decide whether or not to proceed. Participants were presented with two different formats (static vs. animated) and two levels of difficulty (simple vs. complex). Results showed that deaf participants had poorer performances in the static condition than hearing participants. Performance was better in the animated condition than in the static condition, especially in deaf participants. The benefits of animation were greater in complex situations for all participants. Decisions made on dynamic road situations were facilitated by the presence of spatiotemporal dimensions. These proved helpful to deaf candidates who have difficulties in this particular area.
Moldless Printing of Silicone Lenses with Embedded Nanostructured Optical Filters
Authors: Mariani Stefano , Robbiano Valentina , Iglio Rossella , La Mattina Antonino A. , Nadimi Pantea , Wang Joanna , Kim Byungji , Kumeria Tushar , Sailor Michael J. , Barillaro Giuseppe
Published: November 2019

In this work, both light‐shaping and image magnification features are integrated into a single lens element using a moldless procedure that takes advantage of the physical and optical properties of mesoporous silicon (PSi) photonic crystal nanostructures. Casting of a liquid poly(dimethylsiloxane) pre‐polymer solution onto a PSi film generates a droplet with a contact angle that is readily controlled by the silicon nanostructure, and adhesion of the cured polymer to the PSi photonic crystal allows preparation of lightweight (10 mg) freestanding lenses (4.7 mm focal length) with an embedded optical component (e.g., optical rugate filter, resonant cavity, and distributed Bragg reflector). The fabrication process shows excellent reliability (yield 95%) and low cost and the lens is expected to have implications in a wide range of applications. As a proof‐of‐concept, using a single monolithic lens/filter element it is demonstrated: fluorescence imaging of isolated human cancer cells with rejection of the blue excitation light, through a lens that is self‐adhered to a commercial smartphone; shaping of the emission spectrum of a white light emitting diode to tune the color from red through blue; and selection of a narrow wavelength band (bandwidth 5 nm) from a fluorescent molecular probe.
Boosting Oxygen Evolution Reaction by Creating Both Metal Ion and Lattice‐Oxygen Active Sites in a Complex Oxide
Authors: Zhu Yinlong , Tahini Hassan A. , Hu Zhiwei , Chen Zhi‐Gang , Zhou Wei , Komarek Alexander C. , Lin Qian , Lin Hong‐Ji , Chen Chien‐Te , Zhong Yijun , Fernández‐Díaz M. T. , Smith Sean C. , Wang Huanting , Liu Meilin , Shao Zongping
Published: November 2019

Developing efficient and low‐cost electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is of paramount importance to many chemical and energy transformation technologies. The diversity and flexibility of metal oxides offer numerous degrees of freedom for enhancing catalytic activity by tailoring their physicochemical properties, but the active site of current metal oxides for OER is still limited to either metal ions or lattice oxygen. Here, a new complex oxide with unique hexagonal structure consisting of one honeycomb‐like network, Ba4Sr4(Co0.8Fe0.2)4O15 (hex‐BSCF), is reported, demonstrating ultrahigh OER activity because both the tetrahedral Co ions and the octahedral oxygen ions on the surface are active, as confirmed by combined X‐ray absorption spectroscopy analysis and theoretical calculations. The bulk hex‐BSCF material synthesized by the facile and scalable sol–gel method achieves 10 mA cm−2 at a low overpotential of only 340 mV (and small Tafel slope of 47 mV dec−1) in 0.1 m KOH, surpassing most metal oxides ever reported for OER, while maintaining excellent durability. This study opens up a new avenue to dramatically enhancing catalytic activity of metal oxides for other applications through rational design of structures with multiple active sites.
Design of Domain Structure and Realization of Ultralow Thermal Conductivity for Record‐High Thermoelectric Performance in Chalcopyrite
Authors: Zhang Jian , Huang Lulu , Zhu Chen , Zhou Chongjian , Jabar Bushra , Li Jimin , Zhu Xiaoguang , Wang Ling , Song Chunjun , Xin Hongxing , Li Di , Qin Xiaoying
Published: November 2019

Chalcopyrite compound CuGaTe2 is the focus of much research interest due to its high power factor. However, its high intrinsic lattice thermal conductivity seriously impedes the promotion of its thermoelectric performance. Here, it is shown that through alloying of isoelectronic elements In and Ag in CuGaTe2, a quinary alloy compound system Cu1−xAgxGa0.4In0.6Te2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.4) with complex nanosized strain domain structure is prepared. Due to strong phonon scattering mainly by this domain structure, thermal conductivity (at 300 K) drops from 6.1 W m−1 K−1 for the host compound to 1.5 W m−1 K−1 for the sample with x = 0.4. As a result, the optimized chalcopyrite sample Cu0.7Ag0.3Ga0.4In0.6Te2 presents an outstanding performance, with record‐high figure of merit (ZT) reaching 1.64 (at 873 K) and average ZT reaching 0.73 (between ≈300 and 873 K), which are ≈37 and ≈35% larger than the corresponding values for pristine CuGaTe2, respectively, demonstrating that such domain structure arising from isoelectronic multielement alloying in chalcopyrite compound can effectively suppress its thermal conductivity and elevate its thermoelectric performance remarkably.
A New Dip Coating Method Using Supporting Liquid for Forming Uniformly Thick Layers on Serpentine 3D Substrates
Authors: Lim Jongkyeong , Kim A‐Reum , Kim Seonghyeon , Lee Sangmin , Yoo Dongwoo , Park Jaechan , Kim Joonwon
Published: November 2019

Dip coating has demonstrated great potential as a multimaterial coating method providing additional functions to substrates or producing a freestanding microscopic layer upon removal of the substrate. In dip coating, a liquid layer is applied on a substrate by dipping and withdrawing it from a liquid bath, and then curing the layer in air. Thus, manufacturing uniformly thick layers on serpentine 3D substrates is difficult due to the influence of gravity during the prolonged curing process, thus hindering the overall potential applications of this method. Herein, a new dip coating method is proposed to overcome the problems of the conventional method by using an immiscible, density‐matched, and interfacial‐tension‐minimized liquid phase, termed the supporting liquid. This new method is performed by dipping and oscillating a serpentine 3D substrate in a biphasic liquid bath with a small amount of prepolymer solution floating atop the supporting liquid. The prepolymer coating, immersed in the supporting liquid, is then cured. The effect of gravity on the prepolymer coating is eliminated by the buoyancy of the supporting liquid and Laplace pressure is weakened by the minimized interfacial tension. This study demonstrates that the new method can fabricate uniformly thick layers covering the entire surface of a serpentine 3D substrate and can be used during the generation of vascular replicas.
Progress Toward Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Elimination, and Toxicity of DNA Nanostructures
Authors: Messaoudi Sabrine , Greschner Andrea A. , Gauthier Marc A.
Published: November 2019

DNA nanostructures are perfectly defined nanomaterials, and their shape/structure/surface chemistry (e.g., appended ligands) can be conveniently modulated by designing the sequence of their constituent DNA strands. No other natural or synthetic drug delivery system offers such predictability or modularity. As such, DNA nanostructures may provide exciting and potentially new opportunities for delivering drugs to diseased cell populations, or to specific sub‐cellular compartments. To date, however, most studies have been performed in cell culture and only recently has the field advanced to in vivo testing. Considering how rapidly the field is evolving, this Progress Report surveys available studies involving the testing of DNA nanostructures in vivo, in an effort to elucidate trends and provide guidelines for future developments. This contribution presents the current progress toward characterizing the absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination, and toxicity of DNA nanostructures.
Impact of PbI2 Passivation and Grain Size Engineering in CH3NH3PbI3 Solar Absorbers as Revealed by Carrier‐Resolved Photo‐Hall Technique
Authors: Euvrard Julie , Gunawan Oki , Mitzi David B.
Published: November 2019

With power conversion efficiencies now exceeding 25%, hybrid perovskite solar cells require deeper understanding of defects and processing to further approach the Shockley‐Queisser limit. One approach for processing enhancement and defect reduction involves additive engineering—, e.g., addition of MASCN (MA = methylammonium) and excess PbI2 have been shown to modify film grain structure and improve performance. However, the underlying impact of these additives on transport and recombination properties remains to be fully elucidated. In this study, a newly developed carrier‐resolved photo‐Hall (CRPH) characterization technique is used that gives access to both majority and minority carrier properties within the same sample and over a wide range of illumination conditions. CRPH measurements on n‐type MAPbI3 films reveal an order of magnitude increase in carrier recombination lifetime and electron density for 5% excess PbI2 added to the precursor solution, with little change noted in electron and hole mobility values. Grain size variation (120–2100 nm) and MASCN addition induce no significant change in carrier‐related parameters considered, highlighting the benign nature of the grain boundaries and that excess PbI2 must predominantly passivate bulk defects rather than defects situated at grain boundaries. This study offers a unique picture of additive impact on MAPbI3 optoelectronic properties as elucidated by the new CRPH approach.