bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
One size fits all? Calibrating an ocean biogeochemistry model for different circulations
Authors: Kriest Iris , Kähler Paul , Koeve Wolfgang , Kvale Karin , Sauerland Volkmar , Oschlies Andreas
Published: June 2020

Abstract. Global biogeochemical ocean models are often tuned to match the
observed distributions and fluxes of inorganic and organic
quantities. This tuning is typically carried out “by hand”. However,
this rather subjective approach might not yield the best
fit to observations, is closely linked to the circulation employed
and is thus influenced by its specific features and even its faults. We here investigate the
effect of model tuning, via objective optimisation, of one biogeochemical
model of intermediate complexity when simulated in five
different offline circulations.
For each circulation, three of six model parameters have
been adjusted to characteristic features of the respective circulation. The values
of these three parameters – namely, the oxygen utilisation of
remineralisation, the particle flux parameter and potential nitrogen
fixation rate – correlate significantly with deep mixing and ideal age of
North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) and the outcrop area of Antarctic
Intermediate Waters (AAIW) and Subantarctic Mode
Water (SAMW) in the Southern Ocean. The
clear relationship between these parameters and circulation
characteristics, which can be easily diagnosed from global models, can
provide guidance when tuning global biogeochemistry within any new
circulation model. The results from 20 global cross-validation experiments show that parameter sets
optimised for a specific circulation can be transferred between
similar circulations without losing too much of the model's fit to
observed quantities. When compared to model intercomparisons of
subjectively tuned, global coupled biogeochemistry–circulation models, each with different circulation
and/or biogeochemistry, our results show a much lower
range of oxygen inventory, oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) volume and
global biogeochemical fluxes.
Export production depends to a large extent
on the circulation applied, while deep particle flux is mostly determined
by the particle flux
parameter. Oxygen inventory, OMZ volume, primary
production and fixed-nitrogen turnover depend more or less equally on both factors,
with OMZ volume showing the highest sensitivity, and residual variability.
These results show a beneficial effect of
optimisation, even when a biogeochemical model is first optimised in
a relatively coarse circulation and then transferred to a different finer-resolution
circulation model.
TRANSDISCIPLINARIDADE, CUIDADO E LUDICIDADE: CONTORNOS DA CONSTRUÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO NO COTIDIANO MBYA-GUARANI
Authors: Lucinda Karyna Brunetti , Ferreira Marcia Regina , Keim Ernesto Jacob
Published: June 2020

Este artigo decorre da pesquisa para obtenção do título de mestre em Desenvolvimento Territorial Sustentável pela UFPR, na qual se buscou compreender como a ludicidade, o brincar e as brincadeiras ocorrem na comunidade Pindoty (terra de muitos coqueiros) no litoral do Paraná. Algumas questões surgiram no processo deste trabalho: 1) O campo disciplinar é forma recente de organizar o conhecimento? 2) O que podemos aprender com os nossos ancestrais? 3) Qual a relação entre os elementos encontrados no cotidiano da comunidade Pindoty com a transdisciplinaridade de Nicolescu? Nesse sentido, a pesquisa teve o intuito de conhecer qual a realidade do brincar e das brincadeiras na constituição do ser indígena. A pesquisa contou com um processo investigativo caracterizado com a abordagem qualitativa e descritiva, por meio da pesquisa de campo, com enfoque na abordagem fenomenológica. Observou-se que a ludicidade, o brincar e a brincadeira são constituintes da cultura indígena da tekoa Pindoty e seu território, tendo como base sua ancestralidade e cosmovisão. Com a pesquisa de campo e aprofundamento teórico da dissertação, foi possível observar que a comunidade possui uma postura transdisciplinar, analisada neste texto a partir de aspectos transdisciplinares propostos por Basarab Nicolescu. A dinâmica interativa, amparada em matriz fenomenológica e transdisciplinar, proporcionou subsídios para a compreensão desta cultura a partir da ótica lúdica e da utilização do brincar como estratégia de fortalecimento da cultura local, como espaço de educação formal e não formal dessa comunidade apontando um processo formativo de natureza transdisciplinar, ética e decolonial tão necessárias atualmente.
CORPOREIDADE E EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL: ALGUMAS APROXIMAÇÕES
Authors: Melchioretto Cássia Regina Graciotto , Nogueira Christiano
Published: June 2020

Na atualidade, a relação do ser humano com a natureza está pautada por uma dinâmica mercantil que visa cada vez mais o lucro em nome do almejado crescimento e desenvolvimento econômico, caracterizado pelo modelo de produção vigente. O presente artigo, tem como objetivo refletir a respeito dessa relação do ser humano com a natureza e, a partir de pesquisas bibliográficas que abordem o tema, refletir sobre o papel da Educação Ambiental na construção de uma nova relação e da corporeidade nesse processo educativo. A Educação Ambiental constitui um processo de formação importante não apenas para entender a relação do ser humano com a natureza e com o meio ambiente, mas principalmente como espaço para transformação com uma reflexão consciente e sensibilizada dos problemas ambientais e da responsabilidade do ser humano. Compreendemos o corpo com uma centralidade para a construção dessa Educação Ambiental.
The Influence of Cash Flow Patterns on Random Organizational Development in Nigerian Listed Companies
Authors: Ekwueme Chizoba , Obasi Rosemary Obiageri , Abdullahi Sadiq Rabiu , Mustapha Umar Aliyu , Rashid Norfadzilah
Published: June 2020

The objective of this study is to examine whether companies’ life cycle stages follow a random or sequential developmental pattern using their cash flow patterns. That is to ascertain the optimum life cycle stage of Nigerian companies. Data were obtained from the sampled firms annual reports and accounts, which comprises 79 listed companies on the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE) from 2009 to 2013 financial years. The cash flow patterns of the firms were thematically analysed as a proxy of developmental patterns, and transition rates between developmental stages were determined. The study reveals that Introduction firms at T0 transited quickly to the Mature stage (70% in T1 through T3), whereas Growth firms developed most rapidly into Shakeout firms (38% at T1). The Mature stage was most stable; 57–65% of firms in this stage at T0 remained so. By contrast, 60% of Decline firms remained in this stage at T1 before transiting to the Mature and Growth stages at T3 and then ultimately fading away at T4, leaving only the Introduction (20%) and Decline (20%) stages. Thus, the development of firms from one life cycle stage to another is random and not sequential. The study, therefore, recommends that Nigerian companies experience their optimum life cycle stage at the matured stage and firms should employ the use of cash flow patterns to identify their business life cycle stage as this will enable companies to apply strategies to sustain themselves at a target stage of the life cycle.
Modern Approaches to the Integrated Assessment of Personnel Risks of an Industrial Enterprise
Authors: Tikhonov Alexey
Published: June 2020

The aim of the work is the theoretical justification of the appropriateness of the integration assessment of personnel risks in order to ensure the personnel security of the organization and the development of methodological and practical recommendations for working with personnel. The current economic conditions of an industrial enterprise are inextricably connected with the impact of environmental threats on the work of personnel, which, on the one hand, is a source of risk generation and development, and on the other hand, is an object of risk exposure, which can affect the results of work. The definition of personnel risk and the types of its manifestations excite many scientists and practitioners, but now in Russia, scientific research in this area is still limited and requires further study. There is an objective need for systematic research and a comprehensive solution of theoretical, methodological, and applied problems of personnel risk management in working with personnel of industrial enterprises. The author conducted a study of the conceptual apparatus and approaches to classification, which allowed using his own approach to risk classification when assessing them based on well-known approaches of integration assessments of personnel work risk. The object of the study was the personnel of the Russian aviation industry enterprise, where, based on the scales and questionnaires developed by the author, experts from among employees were interviewed. The subjects of the study were the following: laws, principles, methods, processes, and organizational and managerial relations regarding personnel risk management in the personnel management system of the enterprise. The implementation of the goal identified the need to solve the following tasks:analysis of the opinions of Russian and foreign scientists on understanding the nature of personnel risks in working with enterprise personnel;identification of the socio-economic content of personnel risks, types, and factors of them;development of the conceptual framework for managing personnel risks in working with enterprise personnel;conducting a comparative analysis of methodological approaches to identifying and assessing personnel risks in working with enterprise personnel;conducting a comparative analysis of methodological approaches to managing personnel risks in working with the organization’s personnel.Based on the studies, the author assessed the level of risk of personnel work in practice, which allowed concluding that it is advisable to develop a new risk management system for the personnel of a high-tech enterprise.
Teaching of the Subject of Solids Through Problem-Based Learning Approach
Authors: Bayrak Ramis , Gürses Ahmet
Published: June 2020

The aim of the study is to investigate the attitudes of prospective science teachers towards the use of problem-based learning methods in the learning of concepts related to the subject of solids, and their opinions on its role in academic success, science process skills and the chemistry course. The study group consists of 83 prospective teachers studying in the science education undergraduate program. The experimental group and control group were determined by random sampling method. The problem-based learning method was used in the experimental group and the traditional approach was used in the control group. The experiment was carried out in a period of 5 weeks. As data collection tools; "Solid Concept Achievement Test", "Science Process Skill Test" and "The Attitude Scale toward Chemistry" were used. In the research, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), independent t-test and statistical methods with descriptions were used. The results showed that problem-based learning is more effective than the traditional approach to understanding the concepts related to solids by prospective teachers. The differences in academic achievement between the experimental and control groups in this study were parallel with the other results reported in the literature. Also, in terms of prospective teachers' development of science process skills and attitudes towards chemistry, it was seen that there was a significant difference between the groups in favor of problem-based learning.
Examination of Psychological Resilience Levels of High School Students
Authors: Bozdağ Berkan
Published: June 2020

The general purpose of this research is to examine the psychological resilience of high school students and to compare them with various variances. The population of the research consists of high school students studying in state high schools in Yozgat in the 2019-2020 academic year, and the sampling is consisted of 200 high school students which is determined by the sampling method. In this research, descriptive sequential pattern, which is one of the mixed method research patterns in which qualitative and quantitative research approaches are used together, was applied. Quantitative data were acquired with psychological resilience scale developed by Işık (2016). The psychological resilience scale consists of three sub-dimensions: Commitment, control and challenge. Qualitative data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire and interview technique. Quantitative data were analyzed using the SPSS 22 package program. Since the research data showed normal distribution as a result of the analysis made with the ShapiroWilk test, binary comparisons were analyzed in independent samples with the t-test and ANOVA test. Relational analyzes were realized by using pearson correlation test. In the analysis of qualitative data, content analysis technique was used. According to the research findings gained; there was a statistically significant difference determined in favor of male participants in the sub-dimension of the athlete according to the gender variable of the participants, in favor of the students who exercise in the sub-dimension of control and the sub-dimension according to their sports. According to the academic success level variable, it was concluded that there was no statistically significant difference in the level of commitment and control sub-dimensions and general psychological resilience. In addition, it was determined that there was no statistically significant relationship between the ages of the participants, their sub-dimensions of control, challenge and general psychological resilience. As a result of the content analysis conducted in the qualitative part of the research, it was stated that the effects of the sport in the point of coping with the negative situations where the factors affecting the psychological resilience levels of the students negatively and positively are similar. Consequently, it has been determined that individuals whose sports psychological resilience is negatively affected are one of the methods they frequently use to get rid of the negative situation.
Applications of Gypsum and Ammonium Sulfate Change Soil Chemical Properties of a Salt-Affected Agricultural Soil
Authors: Buck Guilherme Bossi , Castro Gustavo Franco de , Mattiello Edson Marcio , Zotarelli Lincoln
Published: June 2020

Irrigation water with high electrical conductivity (EC) compromises the sustainability of agricultural soils. Calcium sulfate (CS) or gypsum is commonly used on removal of soluble ions such as sodium (Na), however, large applications of CS can affect soil pH, EC, and nutrient availability to plants. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of CS and ammonium sulfate (AS) rates on the soil pH, EC, and exchangeable cations in a salt-affected agricultural soil. Samples from the 0-20 cm soil depth layer were collected from an agricultural soil reported to have low potato yield due to high EC irrigation water. Soil was incubated with rates ranging from 0 to 4000 kg ha-1 of CS and 0 to 600 kg ha-1 of nitrogen (N) using AS. The treated soil was incubated for 60 d at 25 ºC and moisture was maintained at 60% of soil field capacity. After incubation, the soil was analyzed for pH, EC, Na, manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn). Increasing rates of CS resulted in a small decrease in soil pH and a significant linear increase in soil EC, while the application of AS linearly reduced the soil pH and quadratically increased soil EC. The application rate of 200 kg ha-1 of N as AS resulted in a decrease of soil pH from 5.9 to 5.2, while the EC increased from 1.3 to 3.0 dS m-1. Extractable Na increased linearly with the application of AS due to its effect on the soil pH. The soil extractable Mn and Zn were not affected by the application of CS. Applications of AS resulted in a linear increase in soil extractable Mn and Zn concentrations, respectively. Results from this incubation study suggest that the use of large rates of CS for consecutive years may further impair soil conditions for cropping in areas with high EC in the irrigation water.
Market Efficiency Indicators in Marine Fish Marketing in Goa, India
Authors: Lekshmi P. S. Swathi , Narayanakumar R. , Salim Shyam S.
Published: June 2020

The Indian State of Goa has a coastal length of 104 Kms and the State contributes 1.85% to the marine fish production of the country. A study was conducted to assess the market efficiency indicators such as Gross Marketing Margin, Percentage Share of Fisherman in the Consumers Rupee (PSFCR) and the Coefficient of variation. The study revealed that high value fishes such as cobia, silver Whiting, seer fishes, prawns and milk shark recorded a comparatively higher price spread. Varieties which recorded higher PSFCR were speckled prawn (72.86%), cobia (70.31%), seerfish (69.98%), Brown shrimps or ginga prawns (69.43%), pony fish (67.58%) and milk shark (65.61%). At the point of first sales, high value fishes such as cobia, seerfishes, prawns and silver biddy had a co-efficient of variation of less than 10% indicating a higher price stability. High value fishes such as ribbon fishes, seerfishes, cobia, indian white prawn, barracudas, brown prawns, speckled prawns, kadal shrimps and half beaks were among the list of fishes which recorded a low co-efficient of variation of less than 10% at the point of last sales.
Spate Irrigation Potential Assessment for Ethiopian Watershed
Authors: Bushira Kedir Mohammed , Abdule Yassin Mohammed
Published: June 2020

In the low lands of Logia sub basin, Ethiopia, because of shortage of rain to fully grow crops, irrigation is an obligation in general and the presence of seasonal rivers flowing in the region in particular makes flood utilization ideal for spate irrigation. The subjects of the present study were to assess the spate irrigation potential of Logiya watershed that has been brought under irrigation on the basis of flood water availability and land suitability. A GIS based technique combined with analytical hierarchy process (AHP) was applied to access the potential of the watershed for spate irrigation development. Potentially suitable sites for spate irrigation development were assessed for Maize, Sorghum and Tomato crops. Spate irrigation area was evaluated based on land use/cover, slope and soil suitability. CROPWAT software was used to estimate the reference crop evapotranspiration, effective rainfall, net irrigation and gross irrigation water requirement. The suitability model developed shows that only 26.15% of the total area falls under marginally to highly suitable categories for spate irrigation development. The Logiya seasonal river flow from July to October was 301.64 Mm3. However, the annual flood water available from the river was less than the total GIWR by 8.77 Mm3 during growing period. The surplus water available from the river before July might be stored and used for irrigation during water deficit period during growing seasons.
Potential of the Parasitoid Tetrastichus howardi (Olliff, 1893) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) on the Control of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner, 1805) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Simonato Juliana , Oliveira Harley N. de , Grigolli José F. J. , Grigolli Mirian M. Kubota , Silva Ivana F. da
Published: June 2020

Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner, 1805) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is an insect pest that attacks several cultures and has been a cause of concern in Brazil. The objective of this study was to evaluate parasitism in pupae and caterpillars of H. armigera by Tetrastichus howardi (Olliff, 1893) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), in laboratory, as well as checking if T. howardi parasitoid has the ability to locate and infect H. armigera. In the laboratory, pupae of H. armigera and Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius, 1794) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) were exposed to 15 T. howardi females for 24 hours. Third, fourth and fifth instars of H. armigera were exposed to three T. howardi females for 24 hours. In the field experiment, cages were installed. Ten caterpillars of the fifth instar of H. armigera were released in each cage and waited for the necessary period for them to soak in the soil. After this period, 150 T. howardi females were released in each of four cages and in one cage there was no release of parasitoids. In the laboratory, the percentage of parasitized and emergent pupae was 100% in both hosts. The life cycle of T. howardi in H. armigera pupae was 15 days, and for D. saccharalis it was 16 days. The progeny was significantly larger for the host H. armigera (689.00) compared to D. saccharalis (358.27). The sex ratio was 0.91 and 0.87 for H. armigera and D. saccharalis, respectively. The longevity of males (25.60 days) and females (26.95 days) in the treatment with H. armigera differed from the treatment with D. saccharalis, which was 21.70 days for males and 22.95 days for females. For the experiment with H. armigera caterpillars, it was found that only two caterpillars from the fifth instar were parasitized with emergence of parasitoids in the pupal phase, with a progeny of 81 individuals; egg-adult cycle was 19.5 days; sex ratio of 0.88; male longevity was 19.6 days and for females 20.3 days. Despite the high rate of parasitism of T. howardi in H. armigera pupae in the laboratory, the same did not occur for caterpillars. In the field evaluation, of the total of 50 caterpillars released in the cages, 34 pupae were collected. Of these, 31 pupae had emergence of the H. armigera moth. No parasitism by T. howardi was found in H. armigera pupae. Further studies should be conducted to evaluate T. howardi parasitism in H. armigera pupae under field conditions.
Heavy Metals Interaction in Soil-Plant System of Carmagnola cannabis Strain
Authors: Fadel Dani , Assaad Najoie , Hachem Ali , Argyraki Ariadne , Kypritidou Zacharenia
Published: June 2020

Evolution in the legislation of Cannabis in Lebanon regarding production and consumption of related products for medicinal and recreational uses is leading to emerging regulations regarding the potency and cannabinoid profiles. On 21 April 2020, the Parliament passed a law legalizing cannabis cultivation for medical use. The objective of this work was to estimate the heavy metals accumulation in the soil-plant system and to help the governmental regulatory body on having also into account the impurities of metals within their rules of regulation. The impurity content of hyperaccumulating metals (zinc, chromium, arsenic, manganese, cadmium, barium, aluminum, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper and lead) was evaluated by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) taking into account the pseudototal and mobilizable concentrations of the elements in the rhizosphere of plants and the total concentrations of their aerial parts and spikes from allotments in Kropia region-Athens, Greece. The main physicochemical assets of topsoil samples such as pH (7.99±0.05) and organic matter content (rich), the X-ray crystallography test (basically quartz, albite and vermiculite) and soil texture determination test (basically sandy loam soil) were also determined. The concentrations of most of our studied elements in soil plant system samples were recorded below or around the plant reference material concentrations used in our analysis. Results showed also that Al was highly toxic in soil and plant samples. In the plant samples, the arsenic was nearly absent and the lead, nickel, copper, chromium and cadmium contents were less than those found in the plant reference material. In the soil samples, only copper and zinc concentrations were found to be within the accepted ranges. The maximum transfer factor is found in lead (Tf – Pb = 0.8223). Average transfer factor of elemental concentrations showed that heavy metals were not easily translocated in the soil-plant system (0.0514±0.0032). In addition, hemp plants that are considered as "hyper-accumulators" showed very acceptable results for industrial and other uses.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 12, No. 7
Authors: Brown Anne
Published: June 2020

Reviewer acknowledgements for Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 12, No. 7, 2020.
The impact of PM2.5 on lung function in adults with asthma
Authors: Qibin L. , Yacan L. , Minli J. , Meixi Z. , Chengye L. , Yuping L. , Chang C.
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic review of the literature and assess the effect of PM2.5 (particulate matter with diameter <2.5 μm) exposure on lung function in adults with asthma.METHODS: We searched all literature published between 1 January 2010 and 26 March
2019 in the EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane Central Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang and Chinese Biomedical Literature (CBM) databases. The studies were assessed for analytic methods, risk of bias and results of statistical analysis.RESULTS: The selected
studies all had a low or moderate risk of bias. Overall, PM2.5 exposure was positively associated with a decrease in forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) in adults with asthma (standardised mean difference 0.20, 95% CI 0.02–0.38; P =
0.03).CONCLUSION: We observed a negative correlation between PM2.5 exposure and FEV1/FVC in patients with asthma. Our meta-analysis provides evidence suggesting that PM2.5 is a risk factor for acute asthma exacerbation in adults.
Factors associated with long-term haemoptysis recurrence after transarterial embolisation for haemoptysis
Authors: Li Y. , Jia Z. , Li S. , Huang Y. , Yuan X. , Chen W.
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE: To assess factors associated with long-term haemoptysis recurrence after transarterial embolisation (TAE) for haemoptysis due to bronchiectasis.METHODS: Patients with haemoptysis due to bronchiectasis who underwent TAE between May 2010 and May 2019 were
included in this retrospective study. Long-term haemoptysis recurrence was defined as the expectoration of >10 mL/day of fresh blood (for at least 1 day) 1 month after TAE. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify risk factors for long-term haemoptysis recurrence
after TAE.RESULTS: A total of 197 patients (108 women; mean age, 61.0 ± 12.2 years) were included in the study. TAE was performed successfully in all patients. Side effects occurred in 43 (21.8%) patients, and all patients recovered uneventfully. During 37.6 ± 11.6
months of follow-up, long-term haemoptysis recurrence occurred in 41 (20.8%) patients; the mean interval between the TAE and haemoptysis recurrence was 21.4 ± 16.3 months. Long-term haemoptysis recurrence after TAE was associated with a history of haemoptysis (OR 3.483, 95% CI 1.373–8.836;
P = 0.009).CONCLUSIONS: Approximately one fifth patients with bronchiectasis had long-term haemoptysis recurrence after TAE. Risk factor for long-term haemoptysis recurrence after TAE was a history of haemoptysis.
Asbestos-related diseases
Authors: Musk A. W. , de Klerk N. , Reid A. , Hui J. , Franklin P. , Brims F.
Published: June 2020

Knowledge of asbestos-related diseases has been accumulating for over one hundred years as the industrial value of asbestos was recognised for the strength of its fibres and their resistance to destruction, resulting in increasing production and use until the multiple health effects
have become apparent. Deposition in the lung parenchyma results in an inflammatory/progressively fibrotic response, with impaired gas exchange and reduced lung compliance (‘asbestosis'), causing progressive dyspnoea and respiratory failure for which only palliation is indicated, although
anti-fibrotic agents used for idiopathic usual interstitial pneumonitis remain to be evaluated. Benign pleural effusion, diffuse pleural fibrosis (occasionally with associated rolled atelectasis) and pleural plaques are the non-malignant pleural diseases that result from fibres reaching the
pleura. But the main issues that led to the ban on asbestos in industry are those of malignancy: lung cancer, malignant mesothelioma (MM) of the pleura and MM of the peritoneum. Bronchogenic carcinoma risk from asbestos exposure is dose-dependent and multiplies the risk attributable to tobacco
smoking. The principles of treatment are as for all cases of lung cancer. Low-dose computed tomography screening of exposed people can detect early-stage, non-small cell cancers, with improved survival. The amphibole varieties of asbestos are much more potent causes of MM than chrysotile,
and the risk increases exponentially for 40–50 years following first exposure. As MM is non-resectable and poorly responsive to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, curative treatment is not possible and screening not justified.
Masterbuilder as a Team Interdisciplinary Project Team. An Attempt at Analysis
Authors: Bujak Piotr
Published: June 2020

It's a striking fact that in a world of highly specialized professions (stimulated by the development of science and technology) as well as precise legal regulations defining rules of standalone practice in building industry, we've lost a single person capable of providing full knowledge necessary for completing building venture, as it was common 100 years ago.
It's not a good time for a master builder, we know from middle ages.
Every planning venture, whether its purpose is to create a chair or
a city, requires appropriate preparations. What distinguishes these two extreme examples, in particular, is the scope of knowledge necessary for their execution. While a chair is a relatively simple task to complete, it can be planned and executed by a single person, a contemporary building or a city requires the cooperation of various specialists.
Interdisciplinary cooperation, although sometimes perceived as
a problem and an unpleasant necessity, can be an opportunity for
a unique work outcome.
The article is an attempt of analysis of this complex problem, which by reviewing selected reference material - including both scientific studies and testimonials of outstanding practitioners - introduces its concise characteristics, problems, and advantages, but, most importantly, tries to define the conditions required for successful collaboration.
Note from the Editor
Authors: Kumik Ewa
Published: June 2020

Contents
Didactic qualities of piano pieces for children by Miłosz Magin (1929-1999)
Authors: Juszyńska Krystyna
Published: June 2020

Miłosz Magin was a renowned Polish pianist and composer. He was born in Łódź, studied in Warsaw, was a prizewinner of several international piano competitions, successfully concerted all over the world and in 1960 he finally settled down in Paris. His compositional output covers numerous piano pieces, orchestral, chamber and vocal works, as well as a ballet. Pieces for children constitute an important and relatively large part of his oeuvre. The article discusses five cycles of miniatures (38 pieces in total), dedicated to pupils at the elementary level of piano learning: Obrazki z Polski (1982), Miniatury polskie (1982), Kółko graniaste (1987), Karnawał lalek for four hands (1990) and Zaczarowane zabawki (1996). The pieces have didactic qualities and play the two roles: they gradually introduce a pupil into the world of music and they help to master the piano technique. They develop, in particular, fingers’ dexterity, chordal and arpeggio technique, precision while realization various rhythmic structures, mastery of large leaps on the keyboard. Performing Magin’s music sensitizes to the timbre of pitches in different registers, to changeable dynamics, original harmony, bitonality, phrasing, articulation, agogic and proper interpretation. His compositions develop children’s imagination and familiarize them with diverse timbres of the piano. They are little masterpieces, put into a terse form of a miniature.
Oficinas de Aprendizagem de Programação em uma Escola Pública através do Ambiente Scratch
Authors: Batista Washington , Chalegre Henderson , Sena João Paulo , Santos Allen , Dos Santos David , Rodrigues Carlos , Bittencourt Roberto
Published: June 2020

Despertar o interesse de estudantes da educação básica para as possibilidades de expressão que o computador oferece é uma questão relevante na área de educação em computação. Este artigo descreve uma experiência de aprendizagem de programação no ensino médio através de uma abordagem baseada em desafios e jogos com o apoio do ambiente Scratch. Durante um período de cinco semanas, foram oferecidas oficinas para duas turmas do ensino médio de uma escola pública estadual. Os resultados apontam para a motivação elevada e para a satisfação dos participantes em aprender brincando.
IntroComp: Atraindo Alunos do Ensino Médio para uma Instigante Experiência com a Programação
Authors: Meneses Leonardo , Mai Luiz Felipe , Rosario Jordão , De Oliveira Elias , Gomes Roberta
Published: June 2020

Com o aumento na demanda por profissionais da área de Computação, e a constatação de um crescente desinteresse por parte dos jovens por cursos ligados ao setor de Tecnologia da Informação, o Brasil caminha para um cenário em que a falta de profissionais de TI poderá causar prejuízos da ordem de bilhões de Reais. Visando justamente atrair mais jovens para a área de Computação, os alunos do PET Engenharia de Computação da UFES criaram o Projeto IntroComp. Esse Projeto promove anualmente para alunos do ensino médio da rede pública da Grande Vitória um curso de Introdução à Programação, seguido de um preparatório para Olimpíada Brasileira de Informática. Este trabalho apresenta um relato de experiência descrevendo as iniciativas e estratégias do Projeto, assim como alguns resultados obtidos em seus cinco anos de existência.
Entscheidungs- und Spieltheorie
Authors: Behnke Joachim
Published: June 2020

In recent years, decision theory and game theory have dramatically gained in importance in the social sciences and especially in political science. Game theory relates to the strategic decisions of rational individuals, and one of its most important contributions is its normative examination of social institutions. The new and second edition of this book has been reviewed and updated.
Repurposing Infectious Pathogen Vaccines in Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Conti Matteo
Published: June 2020

Reports in the literature show that certain vaccines against infectious pathogens, can be effective in eliciting antitumor immune response when injected intratumorally. In mouse tumor models, intratumoral delivery of rotavirus, yellow fever, and influenza vaccines have been shown to also synergize with checkpoint inhibitors, in the leading immunotherapy in the clinical practice today. The combined approach can thus become a very promising novel strategy for anticancer immunotherapy. In humans, an attenuated poliomyelitis virus vaccine, a peptide-based vaccines against papilloma and one based on detoxified diphtheria protein have already been tested as intratumoral treatments readily. In those studies, the role of available anti-pathogen immunity appears an important element in mediating the activity of the repurposed vaccines against cancer. We therefore suggest how evaluating or eventually developing anti-pathogen immunity before intratumoral delivery could be helpful in repurposing infectious pathogen vaccines in cancer immunotherapy.
Description of five new species in the genus Phlyctinus Schoenherr (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): a first step in deciphering the P. callosus complex
Authors: Haran Julien M. , Hansen Steffan , Benoit Laure , Addison Pia
Published: June 2020

Phlyctinus callosus (Schoenherr, 1826) (Curculionidae, Entiminae, Oosomini) is a species native to the Western Cape province of the Republic of South Africa. It is regarded as a key pest of orchards and vineyards. Detailed observations of its morphology and ecology have shown this species to be a complex of closely related species. In this study we describe the species of this complex, provide morphological and molecular diagnostic tools to distinguish between species, and review their distribution and host plant associations. In all, six species are recognized in the P. callosus complex and five are described as new (P. grootbosensis Haran sp. nov., P. xerophilus Haran sp. nov., P. planithorax Haran sp. nov., P. littoralis Haran sp. nov., P. aloevorus Haran sp. nov.). Sequences of the mitochondrial gene used (cytochrome oxidase I, COI) indicated that P. xerophilus Haran sp. nov. might comprise several cryptic species for which stable morphological features could not be identified at this stage. The species of the genus Phlyctinus appear to be primarily associated with various Asteraceae found in humid, sandy and disturbed habitats.
La participación femenina en los Sitios de Zaragoza. La percepción del mando militar y el interés del poder político
Authors: Ramiro Moya Francisco
Published: June 2020

Este artículo estudia el papel desarrolladopor las mujeres combatientes en los Sitios de Zaragoza durante la Guerra de la Independencia; el tipo de acciones en las que tomaron parte, sus oportunidades para salir del anonimato y su sufrimiento durante y después de la contienda. Además, atiende a los diferentes intereses de lamovilización femenina durante la batalla y a la posterior imagen de las heroínas zaragozanas, indagando acerca de las motivaciones de las propias protagonistas, de los mandos militares de la plaza y del poderpolítico que, tras la guerra, afrontó la labor de construcción del estado liberal.
“Seremos hombres y fieras”. Modelos, roles y actitud de las mujeres durante el bloqueo y asedio austracista de Peníscola (1706-1707)
Authors: Hernández Ruano Javier
Published: June 2020

El presente trabajo es una propuesta para avanzar en la interpretación de la actitud de las mujeres campesinas durante la guerra de Sucesión española. El análisis se focaliza en la villa y fortaleza valenciana de Peñíscola durante los 18 meses que perdura el cerco al que es sometida la plaza por tropas austracistas desde el 14 de diciembre de 1705. Las dos fuentes principales con las que contamos, una comedia proborbónica y el diario del comandante de la defensa, permiten comparar el discurso sobre el rol social femenino con la idealización de las aldeanas en la pieza teatral, el simbolismo femenino de la Virgen local y el papel que efectivamente juegan las aldeanas en el desarrollo de los acontecimientos.
Factors in Adherence to Antihypertensive Regimen in Imo State South Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Ugonma Dozie, Winnie , Ozavize Akinyele Oluwadara , Chinelo Ezelote Judith , Mary Okorie Onyinye , Dozie Ikechukwu Nosike Simplicius
Published: June 2020

Aim: To determine the level of adherence and identify factors that prevent adherence to antihypertensive treatment.

Study Design: The study employed the survey method.

Methods: Descriptive study was employed and a simple random sampling were used to collect data from 200 randomly consenting respondents.

Results: Results showed that the majority of the respondents (65.0%) were females, a large proportion (48.5%) were in the age bracket of 51 – 60 years, the majority (93.5%) were educated and 45.5% were civil servants. A majority (57.5%) of the respondents agreed that lack of income family support was a factor that could lead to non-adherence and only 40% adhered strictly to the doctor’s prescription.

Conclusion: Based on the findings, the level of adherence to antihypertensive regimen among the respondents is satisfactory. However, several factors hindered their adherence to medication among which were financial stress, access to drugs and availability of health facilities. It is therefore recommended that the cost of medication be subsidized and health facilities brought closer to people to enhance adherence to regimen.
Chemotaxonomy: The Role of Phytochemicals in Chemotaxonomic Delineation of Taxa
Authors: Umoh Omodot Timothy
Published: June 2020

Chemotaxonomy is concerned with the systematic study of phytochemical variation between plants. This variation has been essentially used for classification purposes ever since 'folk taxonomies', based on certain obvious plant characteristics which were instinctively employed by mankind centuries ago which included characters such as edibility, taste, colour, smell and medicinal value were founded subjectively on such chemical properties. The growth in the knowledge of the chemical complexity of plants became high from the desires of Europeans for exotic spices and condiments which provoked investigations into their medicinal properties. This Knowledge about the subject was summarised in herbals and concentrated on information about physiologically active secondary metabolite such as alkaloids and saponins. During the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries knowledge in the field increased and some taxonomists made use of several chemical characteristics in attempts to delineate plants taxa and to demonstrate their phylogeny. Chemotaxonomy has undoubtedly made a big contribution to taxonomic work in the past and will most certainly continue to do so in future. The valuable information it offers is best used in conjunction with other sources of taxonomic evidence and thus a multidisciplinary approach is required in order to establish a system of classification which reflects natural relationships as accurately as possible.
Evaluation and Quality Assessment of Pancakes Produced from Wheat (Triticum aestivum) and Germinated Tiger Nut (Cyperus esculentus) Composite Flour
Authors: Ola O. I. , Amoniyan O. A. , Opaleye S. O.
Published: June 2020

This study was aim to evaluate the physical properties of wheat-tiger nut flour mixes and physical, proximate and sensory attribute of pancakes developed from wheat-tiger nut flour mixes. Fresh yellow variety of tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus) tubers and other ingredients used for this research were purchased from the Isara market, Saapade, Ogun State, Nigeria. The tiger nut seed were sorted, soaked and germinated for 48 hrs, dried and processed into flour. Pancakes were prepared after incorporation of 10, 20, and 30% of germinated tiger nut flour.

The water absorption capacity and solubility values ranged from 44.66 g/ml – 53.00 g/ml and 3.96-8.06% respectively. The result of the swelling power and bulk density varied from 295.00-337.66% and 497.51 kg/m3 - 555.55 kg/m3. The result of the proximate composition of the pancake showed that the protein, moisture, fat, ash and crude fiber increased significantly (p = 0.05) while the carbohydrate contents decreased significantly with an increase in the germinated tiger nut flour substitution. The protein values ranged from 11.91 – 21.75 with sample D having the highest value of protein at substitution level of 30% germinated tiger nut flour compared to the control sample A. The physical properties of the pancake viz thickness, diameter and spread factor ranged from 2.10-10.00 mm, 111.33-158.66 mm, 111.00-757.14 mm respectively. Sensory data indicated that the pancake produced from germinated tiger nut flour with 30% was acceptable. In conclusion, this study has shown that the use of tiger nut can be considered as a potential ingredient in baking and production of high protein and high fiber products. Nevertheless, it is important to consume snacks with other protein-rich diets to supplement the reduction resulted from substitution.
Reabilitação auditiva por aparelho de Amplificação Sonora Individual (AASI) em centro especializado do SUS de Salvador-Bahia
Authors: Silva Lins Edinaide Lopes da , Pena Gaspar Sobrinho Fernando
Published: June 2020

Introdução: A hipoacusia permanente é um problema comum. Sua abordagem inclui reabilitação através de prótese auditiva. O Sistema Único de Saúde oferece reabilitação auditiva à população brasileira. Objetivo: Descrever o perfil do usuário de prótese auditiva do Setor Auditivo do Centro de Prevenção e Reabilitação da Pessoa com Deficiência, da Bahia. Metodologia: Estudo observacional de corte transversal, com consulta a 115 prontuários de adultos com indicação de prótese auditiva. Utilizou-se instrumento de coleta de dados com as seguintes variáveis: características demográficas, presença de queixas à anamnese (hipoacusia, zumbido e vertigem), achados à otoscopia, e tipos de: perda auditiva, adaptação, aparelho auditivo, molde, e de material utilizado na confecção do molde. Obteve-se estatística descritiva: frequência, média, mediana e porcentagem. Resultados: Predominaram o sexo feminino (63/54,7%) e idosos (74/64,3%). Hipoacusia foi queixa otológica mais comum (114/99,1%), seguida de zumbido (67/58,2%) e tontura (41/35,7%). Otoscopia normal em (223/97,0%) das orelhas. Encontraram-se perdas auditivas sensorioneural (160/69,7%), mista (62/27,0%) e condutiva (07/3,0%). A adaptação binaural e o aparelho retroauricular foram os mais utilizados (111/96,5) e (220/95,7%), respectivamente, secundado por intra-auricular (04/1,7%) e intracanal (0,2/0,9%). Os moldes foram tipo concha (159/69,1%), aberto (34/14,8%), e canal (33/14,4%), e o material mais usado para confecção do molde foi o silicone (181/78,8%), quando comparado ao acrílico (45/19,2%). Conclusão: Maior prevalência de idosos e mulheres; expressiva presença de queixas otológicas associadas à perda auditiva; e maior demanda para adaptação binaural por aparelho tipo retroauricular com molde concha de silicone.

 
As barreiras para a prática de atividade física estão associadas ao indicativo de sarcopenia de idosos?
Authors: Oliveira Daniel Vicentini de , Pivetta Naelly Renata Saraiva , Nascimento Matheus Amarante do , Freire Gabriel Lucas Morais , Bertolini Sônia Maria Marques Gomes , Nascimento Júnior José Roberto Andrade do
Published: June 2020

Objetivo: investigar se as barreiras para a prática de atividade física estão associadas ao indicativo de sarcopenia de idosos. Metodologia: Foram sujeitos 550 idosos com idades entre 60 e 89 anos, frequentadores das Academias da Terceira Idade do município de Maringá-PR. Como instrumentos foram utilizados o Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física– (IPAQ), o questionário de percepção de barreiras para a prática de atividades físicas e o SARC-F. A análise de dados foi conduzida por meio dos testes de Qui-Quadrado e o coeficiente de correlação de Spearman (p < 0,05). Resultados: as barreiras relacionadas à Falta de clima adequado, Falta de espaço disponível, Falta de equipamento, Tarefas domésticas, Falta de companhia, Mau humor, Medo de lesionar-se, Limitações físicas, Dores leves ou mal-estar, Falta de energia, Falta de habilidades físicas, Falta de conhecimento sobre AF, Ambiente inseguro e Falta de interesse foram significativamente (p < 0,05) mais frequentes entre os idosos com ausência de indicativo de sarcopenia. A correlação demonstrou associação inversamente proporcional entre a percepção de barreiras para a prática de AF e o indicativo de sarcopenia. Conclusão: o indicativo de sarcopenia não se mostrou um fator determinante para a apresentação de maiores barreiras de impedimento.
Frequência de fenestração do canal mandibular em imagens de tomografia computadorizada multidetectores
Authors: Carvalho William Santos , Barros Lays Rocha , Sarmento Viviane Almeida , Pinto Regina Lucia Seixa
Published: June 2020

Objetivo: avaliar a através da TC a frequência de fenestração nas corticais da mandíbula, no percurso do CM, e identificar a localização, porção do canal (terço posterior, médio ou anterior) e relacionar com idade, gênero do indivíduo e lado afetado. Materiais e métodos:  Amostra foi de 150 exames de TCs da mandíbula, 300 canais mandibulares provenientes do Serviço de Odontologia do Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos e Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal da Bahia. Para inclusão foram considerados exames que apresentassem toda extensão do canal mandibular e para exclusão há presença de patologias ósseas e a não observação de toda a extensão do CM. Todos os exames foram analisados em ambiente escurecido por um avaliador por duas vezes com o intervalo mínimo de 1 semana entre elas, e os resultados foram submetidos à análise estatística descritiva. Resultados: Das 150 TC analisadas, 2% da amostra o que equivale a 3 casos, apresentou fenestração do CM, onde 100% foram do lado esquerdo e 75% dos casos associados a 3º molares inclusos em posição horizontal. Conclusão: A fenestração do CM é uma variação anatômica rara pouco descrita na literatura, que pode estar associada a 3º molares impactados horizontais, sendo necessários mais estudos observacionais e relatos para melhor entendimento.