bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cold and heterogeneous T cell repertoire is associated with copy number aberrations and loss of immune genes in small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Chen Ming , Chen Runzhe , Jin Ying , Li Jun , Hu Xin , Zhang Jiexin , Fujimoto Junya , Hubert Shawna M. , Gay Carl M. , Zhu Bo , Tian Yanhua , McGranahan Nicholas , Lee Won-Chul , George Julie , Hu Xiao , Chen Yamei , Wu Meijuan , Behrens Carmen , Chow Chi-Wan , Pham Hoa H. N. , Fukuoka Junya , Wu Jia , Parra Edwin Roger , Little Latasha D. , Gumbs Curtis , Song Xingzhi , Wu Chang-Jiun , Diao Lixia , Wang Qi , Cardnell Robert , Zhang Jianhua , Wang Jing , Le Xiuning , Gibbons Don L. , Heymach John V. , Jack Lee J. , William William N. , Cheng Chao , Glisson Bonnie , Wistuba Ignacio , Andrew Futreal P. , Thomas Roman K. , Reuben Alexandre , Byers Lauren A. , Zhang Jianjun
Published: November 2021

Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is speculated to harbor complex genomic intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) associated with high recurrence rate and suboptimal response to immunotherapy. Here, using multi-region whole exome/T cell receptor (TCR) sequencing as well as immunohistochemistry, we reveal a rather homogeneous mutational landscape but extremely cold and heterogeneous TCR repertoire in limited-stage SCLC tumors (LS-SCLCs). Compared to localized non-small cell lung cancers, LS-SCLCs have similar predicted neoantigen burden and genomic ITH, but significantly colder and more heterogeneous TCR repertoire associated with higher chromosomal copy number aberration (CNA) burden. Furthermore, copy number loss of IFN-γ pathway genes is frequently observed and positively correlates with CNA burden. Higher mutational burden, higher T cell infiltration and positive PD-L1 expression are associated with longer overall survival (OS), while higher CNA burden is associated with shorter OS in patients with LS-SCLC.
Soluble guanylate cyclase signalling mediates etoposide resistance in progressing small cell lung cancer
Authors: Schenk Maximilian W. , Humphrey Sam , Hossain A. S. Md Mukarram , Revill Mitchell , Pearsall Sarah , Lallo Alice , Brown Stewart , Bratt Samuel , Galvin Melanie , Descamps Tine , Zhou Cong , Pearce Simon P. , Priest Lynsey , Greenhalgh Michelle , Chaturvedi Anshuman , Kerr Alastair , Blackhall Fiona , Dive Caroline , Frese Kristopher K.
Published: November 2021

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has a 5-year survival rate of <7%. Rapid emergence of acquired resistance to standard platinum-etoposide chemotherapy is common and improved therapies are required for this recalcitrant tumour. We exploit six paired pre-treatment and post-chemotherapy circulating tumour cell patient-derived explant (CDX) models from donors with extensive stage SCLC to investigate changes at disease progression after chemotherapy. Soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) is recurrently upregulated in post-chemotherapy progression CDX models, which correlates with acquired chemoresistance. Expression and activation of sGC is regulated by Notch and nitric oxide (NO) signalling with downstream activation of protein kinase G. Genetic targeting of sGC or pharmacological inhibition of NO synthase re-sensitizes a chemoresistant CDX progression model in vivo, revealing this pathway as a mediator of chemoresistance and potential vulnerability of relapsed SCLC.
Offset of openings in optic nerve head canal at level of Bruch’s membrane, anterior sclera, and lamina cribrosa
Authors: Lee Kyoung Min , Ahn Hyoung Jun , Kim Martha , Oh Sohee , Kim Seok Hwan
Published: November 2021

We compared the central retinal vascular trunk (CRVT) position, as a surrogate of lamina cribrosa (LC) offset, with the anterior scleral opening (ASCO) offset from the Bruch’s membrane opening (BMO). Based on the BMO-centered radial scans, the BMO and ASCO margins were demarcated, and each center was determined as the center of the best-fitted ellipse for each margin. The ASCO/BMO offset was defined as the offset between each center. Angular deviations and the extent of ASCO and CRVT offsets from the BMO center were compared directly. Incomplete demarcation of ASCO was found in 20%, which was associated with a larger BMO area and a larger ASCO offset from the BMO. The angular deviation of ASCO offset was associated with that of CRVT offset and that of the longest externally oblique border. The ASCO offset was smaller than the CRVT offset, and, unlike the CRVT offset, it was rarely deviated to the inferior side. The complete ASCO margin might not be demarcatable when determined on BMO-centered radial scans in the presence of an offset. Also, the ASCO, which reflects only the superficial scleral layer, might not reflect the LC position, because the LC might be shifted further from the ASCO.
Magnetised quark nuggets in the atmosphere
Authors: Sloan T. , VanDevender J. Pace , Neilsen Tracianne B. , Baskin Robert L. , Fronk Gabriel , Swaim Criss , Zakirov Rinat , Jones Haydn
Published: November 2021

A search for magnetised quark nuggets (MQN) is reported using acoustic signals from hydrophones placed in the Great Salt Lake (GSL) in the USA. No events satisfying the expected signature were seen. This observation allows limits to be set on the flux of MQNs penetrating the Earth’s atmosphere and depositing energy in the GSL. The expected signature of the events was ​derived from pressure pulses caused by high-explosive cords between the lake surface and bottom at various locations in the GSL. The limits obtained from this search are compared with those obtained from previous searches and are compared to models for the formation of MQNs.
Geochemical and sedimentary constraints on the formation of the Venta Micena early Pleistocene site (Guadix-Baza Basin, Spain)
Authors: Granados Alejandro , Oms Oriol , Anadón Pere , Ibáñez-Insa Jordi , Kaakinen Anu , Jiménez-Arenas Juan Manuel
Published: November 2021

Despite the paleontological relevance of the terrestrial Early Pleistocene Venta Micena bonebed (Baza Basin, Spain), it lacks a comprehensive geochemical/sedimentological study. Here, we demonstrate that the 1.5-m-thick Venta Micena limestone formed in a relatively small freshwater wetland/pond located at the periphery of the large saline Baza paleolake. Two microfacies are observed, with high and low contents of invertebrate fossils, and which originated in the centre and margin of the wetland, respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD) mineralogy and paleohydrological characterization based on ostracod and bulk-rock geochemistry (δ13C and δ18O) indicate that the limestone reflects a general lowstand of the Baza lake, permitting the differentiation of freshwater wetlands that were fed by adjacent sources. Conversely, during highstands, the Baza lake flooded the Venta Micena area and the freshwater fauna was replaced by a saline one. Bulk-rock isotopic data indicate that the lower interval C1 of the limestone (bone-rich in marginal settings) displays general negative values, while the upper interval C2 (bone free) displays less negative values. The bones of predated mammals accumulated in the marginal areas, which were flooded and buried by recurring water-table fluctuations. Lake dynamics played a critical role in bone accumulation, which was previously considered as representing a hyena den.
Influence of advanced shoe technology on the top 100 annual performances in men’s marathon from 2015 to 2019
Authors: Rodrigo-Carranza Víctor , González-Mohíno Fernando , Santos del Cerro Jesús , Santos-Concejero Jordan , González-Ravé José María
Published: November 2021

The NIKE Vaporfly shoe was introduced in May 2017 as part of the original #Breaking2 Project (an event aimed to run the first marathon under 2 h). This new advanced shoe technology (NAST) changed the footwear design conception. The aim of this study was (i) to analyse the effect of NAST in men’s marathon performance, (ii) to analyse whether the changes in the environmental constraints (temperature and wind) and orography of the marathons, age and birthplace of the runners has changed from 2015 to 2019 and (iii) to analyse the impact of NAST on the historical 50 best performances. Data from top-100 men's marathon performances were collected in that timeframe. The shoes used by the athletes were identified (in 91.8% of the cases) by publicly available photographs. External and environmental conditions of each marathon and age and birthplace of the runners were also analysed. Marathon performances improved from 2017 onwards between 0.75 and 1.50% compared to 2015 and 2016 (p < 0.05). In addition, the improvement was greater in the upper deciles than in the lower ones (p < 0.001). Runners wearing NAST ran ~ 1% faster in marathon compared to runners that did not use it (p < 0.001). When conducting an individual analysis of athletes who ran with and without NAST, 72.5% of the athletes who completed a marathon wearing NAST improved their performance by 0.68% (p < 0.01). External and environmental conditions, age or birthplace of runners seems not to have influenced this performance improvement. NAST has had a clear impact on marathon performance unchanged in the environmental constraints (temperature and wind), orography, age, and birthplace of the runners but with differences between venues.
The role of good governance in the race for global vaccination during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Tatar Moosa , Faraji Mohammad Reza , Montazeri Shoorekchali Jalal , Pagán José A. , Wilson Fernando A.
Published: November 2021

Governments have developed and implemented various policies and interventions to fight the COVID-19 pandemic. COVID-19 vaccines are now being produced and distributed globally. This study investigated the role of good governance and government effectiveness indicators in the acquisition and administration of COVID-19 vaccines at the population level. Data on six World Bank good governance indicators for 172 countries for 2019 and machine-learning methods (K-Means Method and Principal Component Analysis) were used to cluster countries based on these indicators and COVID-19 vaccination rates. XGBoost was used to classify countries based on their vaccination status and identify the relative contribution of each governance indicator to the vaccination rollout in each country. Countries with the highest COVID-19 vaccination rates (e.g., Israel, United Arab Emirates, United States) also have higher effective governance indicators. Regulatory Quality is the most important indicator in predicting COVID-19 vaccination status in a country, followed by Voice and Accountability, and Government Effectiveness. Our findings suggest that coordinated global efforts led by the World Health Organization and wealthier nations may be necessary to assist in the supply and distribution of vaccines to those countries that have less effective governance.
The effect of new LED lighting systems on the colour of modern paints
Authors: Pintus Valentina , Szabó Ferenc , Gazdag-Kéri Renáta , Tóth Dávid Noel , Nagy Róbert , Csuti Péter , Sterflinger Katja , Schreiner Manfred
Published: November 2021

This research focuses on the investigation of the effect of a new light emitting diode (LED)-lighting system which reproduces indoor museum conditions, on some self-made art paint colours (acrylic-, alkyd-, and linseed oil-based paints) often used in modern-contemporary art. A halogen lamp representing a traditional light source for museum lighting was also considered. Lighting-set-up and lighting optimization parameters were considered while Ultraviolet/Visible/Near Infrared (UV/Vis/NIR) spectrophotometry was used for investigating the colour change of the paint samples. Univariate analyses allowed determining the highest effect of the lighting systems on the linseed oil binder and ultramarine blue PB29 mixture upon ageing, according to the highest total colour change ΔE*ab. In a more specific and detailed way, variance analyses not only demonstrated the strong correlation between the type of binder and pigment used for the paint samples with the colour variation, but also showed that the short-wavelength blue LEDs influenced the change along the yellow–blue b* axis of the yellow and blue samples, whereas the halogen lamp mostly had an impact towards the red–green a* axis of mostly the green specimens.
The impact of lactate clearance on outcomes according to infection sites in patients with sepsis: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Sugimoto Momoko , Takayama Wataru , Murata Kiyoshi , Otomo Yasuhiro
Published: November 2021

Whether lactate clearance (LC) influences outcomes differently depending on the infection site in sepsis cases is not fully elucidated. Herein, we analyzed LC’s clinical utility as a predictor of patient outcomes according to infection site. This retrospective study, conducted at two tertiary emergency critical care medical centers in Japan, included patients with sepsis or septic shock. The associations between infection site (lungs vs. other organs) and in-hospital mortality and ventilator-free days (VFDs) were evaluated using univariable and multivariate analyses. We assessed LC’s ability to predict in-hospital mortality using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. Among 369 patients with sepsis, infection sites were as follows: lungs, 186 (50.4%); urinary tract, 45 (12.2%); abdomen, 102 (27.6%); and other, 36 (9.8%). Patients were divided into a pneumonia group or non-pneumonia group depending on their infection site. The pneumonia group displayed a higher in-hospital mortality than the non-pneumonia group (24.2% vs. 15.8%, p = 0.051). In the multivariate analysis, lower LC was associated with higher in-hospital mortality [adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 0.97; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.96–0.98; p < 0.001] and fewer VFD [adjusted difference p value (AD), − 1.23; 95% CI − 2.42 to − 0.09; p = 0.025] in the non-pneumonia group. Conversely, LC did not affect in-hospital mortality (AOR 0.99; 95% CI 0.99–1.00; p = 0.134) and VFD (AD − 0.08; 95% CI − 2.06 to 1.91; p = 0.854) in the pneumonia group. Given the differences in the impact of LC on outcomes between the pneumonia and non-pneumonia groups, this study suggests that optimal treatment strategies might improve outcomes. Further studies are warranted to validate our results and develop optimal therapeutic strategies for sepsis patients.
Smart surgical sutures using soft artificial muscles
Authors: Phan Phuoc Thien , Hoang Trung Thien , Thai Mai Thanh , Low Harrison , Davies James , Lovell Nigel H. , Do Thanh Nho
Published: November 2021

Wound closure with surgical sutures is a critical challenge for flexible endoscopic surgeries. Substantial efforts have been introduced to develop functional and smart surgical sutures to either monitor wound conditions or ease the complexity of knot tying. Although research interests in smart sutures by soft robotic technologies have emerged for years, it is challenging to develop a soft robotic structure that possesses a similar physical structure as conventional sutures while offering a self-tightening knot or anchor to close the wound. This paper introduces a new concept of smart sutures that can be programmed to achieve desired and uniform tension distribution while offering self-tightening knots or automatically deploying secured anchors. The core technology is a soft hydraulic artificial muscle that can be elongated and contracted under applied fluid pressure. Each suture is equipped with a pressure locking mechanism to hold its temporary elongated state and to induce self-shrinking ability. The puncturing and holding force for the smart sutures with anchors are examined. Ex-vivo experiments on fresh porcine stomach and colon demonstrate the usefulness of the new smart sutures. The new approaches are expected to pave the way for the further development of smart sutures that will benefit research, training, and commercialization in the surgical field.
Colorful and facile in situ nanosilver coating on sisal/cotton interwoven fabrics mediated from European larch heartwood
Authors: Hasan K. M. Faridul , Horváth Péter György , Kóczán Zsófia , Bak Miklós , Alpár Tibor
Published: November 2021

This study reports on a novel coloration approach for sisal/cotton interwoven fabric via in situ synthesis of European larch (Larix decidua) heartwood-anchored sustainable nanosilver. The heartwood extracts functioned as the reducing and stabilizing agent in reaction systems. The deposited silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) over the fabric surfaces displayed brilliant coloration effects with improved fastness ratings and color strengths (K/S). The successful depositions of nanosilvers were quantified and increasing trends in K/S values with the increase in silver precursor loading were discovered. The concentrations of AgNPs deposited on fabric surfaces were found to be 16 mg/L, 323 mg/L, and 697 mg/L, which were measured through an iCP OES (atomic absorption spectroscopy) test. The K/S values obtained for different loadings of silver precursors (0.5, 1.5, and 2.5 mM (w/v)) are 2.74, 6.76, and 8.96. Morphological studies of the control and AgNP-treated fabrics also displayed a uniform and homogeneous distribution of AgNPs over the fabric surfaces. FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) studies of the sustainably developed materials further confirms the successful bonding between the fabrics and AgNPs. Furthermore, stability against temperature was also noticed as per TGA (thermogravimetric analysis) and DTG (derivative TG) analysis although there was a slight decline from the control sisal/cotton interwoven fabrics observed. Statistically, regression analysis and ANOVA tests were conducted to understand the significance of increased nanosilver loading on sisal/cotton interwoven fabrics. In summary, the perceived results demonstrated successful coloration and functionalization of sisal/cotton interwoven fabrics through green AgNPs, which could indicate a new milestone for industrial production units.
Adsorptive stripping voltammetric determination of chloramphenicol residues in milk samples using reduced graphene oxide sensor
Authors: Vinícius de Faria Lucas , Lisboa Thalles Pedrosa , Alves Guilherme Figueira , Costa Matos Maria Auxiliadora , Abarza Muñoz Rodrigo Alejandro , Matos Renato Camargo
Published: November 2021

Simple and sensitive electrochemical method using reduced graphene oxide modified glassy carbon electrode for monitoring chloramphenicol residues in milk samples.
Synthesis, structure and magnetic properties of two new spin-chain compounds Ca2Ni(HSeO3)2(SeO3)2 and Na2Cu(SeO3)2·2H2O
Authors: Huang Xing , Zhao Zhiying , Wang Yanqi , Zhang Mengsi , He Zhangzhen
Published: November 2021

Two new selenite compounds Ca2Ni(HSeO3)2(SeO3)2 and Na2Cu(SeO3)2·2H2O are obtained by a hydrothermal method, featuring a selenite-bridged 1D spin-chain structure running along the a-axis.
Toxic effects of carbon quantum dots on the gut–liver axis and gut microbiota in the common carp Cyprinus carpio
Authors: Chen Jianjun , Sun Dandan , Cui Han , Rao Chenyang , Li Lulu , Guo Suqi , Yang Shuai , Zhang Yuru , Cao Xianglin
Published: November 2021

The potential toxicity of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) has received much attention because of their increasing biomedical applications.
Cyclic ethylene phosphates with (CH2)nCOOR and CH2CONMe2 substituents: synthesis and mechanistic insights of diverse reactivity in aryloxy-Mg complex-catalyzed (co)polymerization
Authors: Nifant'ev Ilya E. , Shlyakhtin Andrey V. , Bagrov Vladimir V. , Tavtorkin Alexander N. , Ilyin Sergey O. , Gavrilov Dmitry E. , Ivchenko Pavel V.
Published: November 2021

Herein we present a comparative study of the reactivity of ethylene phosphates with –O(CH2)nCOOMe (n = 1–3, 5), –CH2COOtBu, –OCHMeCOOMe, and –OCH2CONMe2 substituents in BHT-Mg catalyzed ROP.
Second-sphere effects on H2O2 activation by non-heme FeII complexes: role of a phenol group in the [H2O2]-dependent accumulation of FeIVO vs. FeIIIOOH
Authors: Rebilly Jean-Noël , Herrero Christian , Sénéchal-David Katell , Guillot Régis , Inceoglu Tanya , Maisonneuve Hélène , Banse Frédéric
Published: November 2021

A new FeII complex with a phenol group attached as a second coordination sphere moiety activates H2O2 to yield FeIVO following a mechanism reminiscent of peroxidase enzymes.
A naphthalimide-based peptide conjugate for concurrent imaging and apoptosis induction in cancer cells by utilizing endogenous hydrogen sulfide
Authors: Singh Narendra , Sharma Swati , Singh Ramesh , Rajput Swati , Chattopadhyay Naibedya , Tewari Deepshikha , Joshi Khashti Ballabh , Verma Sandeep
Published: November 2021

A hydrogen sulfide sensing naphthalimide based peptide conjugate (HSNPc) worked as a novel cancer cell imaging agent and showed selective cell apoptosis.
Automated discovery of noncovalent inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main protease by consensus Deep Docking of 40 billion small molecules
Authors: Gentile Francesco , Fernandez Michael , Ban Fuqiang , Ton Anh-Tien , Mslati Hazem , Perez Carl F. , Leblanc Eric , Yaacoub Jean Charle , Gleave James , Stern Abraham , Wong Bill , Jean François , Strynadka Natalie , Cherkasov Artem
Published: November 2021

Deep learning-accelerated docking coupled with computational hit selection strategies enable the identification of inhibitors for the SARS-CoV-2 main protease from a chemical library of 40 billion small molecules.
A feasible strategy of coating CoMoO4 on Co11(HPO3)8(OH)6 nanorods for improved practical application in supercapacitors
Authors: Guo Wei , Yang Tao , Huang Lianjie , Hou Wei , Wang Shuang
Published: November 2021

CoMoO4 with different morphologies can be covered on Co11(HPO3)8(OH)6 by simple hydrothermal and reflux methods, respectively, and this feasible strategy can enhance the practical application of cobalt phosphate salts.
Self-assembled polypyrrole nanotubes/MoS2 quantum dots for high performance solid state flexible symmetric supercapacitors
Authors: Hebri Vijeth , Boukherroub Rabah , Pawar Ashokkumar Shankar , Molahalli Vandana , Hundekal Devendrappa
Published: November 2021

A unique CS–PNT/MoS2 nanocomposite was synthesized using a self-degradable soft template approach and a flexible supercapacitor device is fabricated which shows a high energy density of 32.12 W h kg−1 and excellent cycling stability of 91.2% even after 10 000 cycles.
Light-material interfaces for self-powered optoelectronics
Authors: Shin Jung Ho , Kim Young Bin , Park Jung Hwan , Lee Jin Soo , Park Sang Hyun , Lee Seung Hyung , Lee Jae Hee , Lee Keon Jae
Published: November 2021

This review overviews light-material interface technologies for realizing a self-powered wearable optoelectronic system.
Speech-Language Pathologists' Ratings of Speech Accuracy in Children With Speech Sound Disorders
Authors: Jing Linye , Grigos Maria I.
Published: November 2021

Purpose:

Forming accurate and consistent speech judgments can be challenging when working with children with speech sound disorders who produce a large number and varied types of error patterns. Rating scales offer a systematic approach to assessing the whole word rather than individual sounds. Thus, these scales can be an efficient way for speech-language pathologists (SLPs) to monitor treatment progress. This study evaluated the interrater reliability of an existing 3-point rating scale using a large group of SLPs as raters.

Method:

Utilizing an online platform, 30 SLPs completed a brief training and then rated single words produced by children with typical speech patterns and children with speech sound disorders. Words were closely balanced across the three rating categories of the scale. The interrater reliability of the SLPs ratings to a consensus judgment was examined.

Results:

The majority of SLPs (87%) reached substantial interrater reliability to a consensus judgment using the 3-point rating scale. Correct productions had the highest interrater reliability. Productions with extensive errors had higher agreement than those with minor errors. Certain error types, such as vowel distortions, were especially challenging for SLPs to judge.

Conclusions:

This study demonstrated substantial interrater reliability to a consensus judgment among a large majority of 30 SLPs using a 3-point rating. The clinical implications of the findings are discussed along with proposed modifications to the training procedure to guide future research.
Thermally degraded speed estimation of traction machine drive in electric vehicle
Authors: Ali S. M. Nawazish , Hossain M. J. , Wang Dong , Mahmud M. A. Parvez , Sharma Vivek , Kashif Muhammad , Kouzani Abbas Z.
Published: November 2021

The speed of an induction machine drive (IMD) in the electrified powertrain of an electric vehicle (EV) suffers from thermal degradation caused by EV loading, driving cycle schedules, EV operating conditions, traffic state and temperature. It is necessary to estimate this thermal degradation in order to design appropriate control methodologies to address this significant issue that directly affects the EV performance. This study proposes a robust linear parameter varying (LPV) observer to estimate this degradation in IMD as well as EV speed under various thermal and loading conditions in steady state and during large transients. The stability and robustness of LPV methodology is ensured by optimal gains of control and linear matrix inequalities using convex optimisation techniques. The weighting functions in LPV design are optimised by genetic algorithms. The proposed observer performance is compared with that of conventional sensorless field‐oriented control and sliding mode observer. An improved speed performance during EV operation is also presented to validate the robustness of the proposed LPV observer against New European Driving Cycle. The performance analysis is conducted through NI myRIO 1900 controller‐based electrical drive set‐up.
Transmission adaptability planning considering cluster correlation of wind farms
Authors: Tian Shuxin , Shen Jinhua , Zhang Libo , Yang Xijun , Fu Yang , Mi Yang
Published: November 2021

Wind farm cluster penetration and its long‐distance delivery have become the important form of wind power accommodation of power network in China. For the adaptability of power network planning to the output volatility of clustering wind farms, three steps are studied as follows. Initially, the output uncertainty model of clustering wind farms based on Auto Regression Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA)‐Generalized Autoregression Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH)‐Pair Copula is put forward to analyze the intermittency, fluctuation and clustering wind power correlation. Secondly, Full Cost (FC) theory is introduced to account social expense brought by grid‐connected clustering wind farms from four aspects of static cost, dynamic cost, environmental cost and inter‐generational cost. Meanwhile, available wind power transmission capacity is defined to reflect wind power accommodation based on transmission margin. Finally, the adaptive efficiency index is proposed by the ratio of available wind power transmission capacity to FC. The transmission adaptability planning model considering cluster correlation of wind farms is built with the objective function of the adaptive efficiency index. Taking the actual regional power grid as an example, the results show that the planning scheme considering the optimal adaptive efficiency index of clustering wind farms can be better adapted to the future power network environment.
Doppler‐aided Global Navigation Satellite System position estimation with B‐spline smoothing strategy
Authors: Sun Jieyi , Wang Yongqing , Shen Yuyao
Published: November 2021

Smoothing process can effectively improve the accuracy of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) position estimation algorithm. In this study, a Doppler‐aided GNSS position estimation algorithm with a B‐spline smoothing strategy is proposed. B‐spline signal processing is used to smoothen the code measurements with Doppler measurements, which were selected because they are more robust and immune to cycle slips than carrier phase measurements. Next, the mathematical expressions of the smoothing process and position estimation are derived. The smoothing process is based on the structure of a digital filter, which is especially suitable for real‐time applications. The Cramer–Rao lower bound of the proposed algorithm is derived. Moreover, a complete implementation structure of the proposed algorithm is presented. The validity of the proposed algorithm is verified through scenario simulation in terms of static, kinematic, and adverse environments. The advantages of the proposed algorithm are demonstrated by comparison with existing algorithms.
A Virgo Environmental Survey Tracing Ionised Gas Emission (VESTIGE)
Authors: Boselli A. , Fossati M. , Longobardi A. , Kianfar K. , Dametto N. Z. , Amram P. , Anderson J. P. , Andreani P. , Boissier S. , Boquien M. , Buat V. , Consolandi G. , Cortese L. , Côté P. , Cuillandre J. C. , Ferrarese L. , Galbany L. , Gavazzi G. , Gwyn S. , Hensler G. , Hutchings J. , Peng E. W. , Postma J. , Roediger J. , Roehlly Y. , Serra P. , Trinchieri G.
Published: November 2021

As part of the Virgo Cluster Survey Tracing Ionised Gas Emission, a blind narrow-band Hα+[NII] imaging survey of the Virgo cluster carried out with MegaCam at the CFHT, we discovered eight massive (1010 ≲ Mstar ≲ 1011 M⊙) lenticular galaxies with prominent ionised gas emission features in their inner (a few kiloparsec) regions. These features are either ionised gas filaments similar to those observed in cooling flows (two galaxies), or they are thin discs with sizes 0.7 ≲ R(Hα)≲2.0 kpc (six galaxies), thus significantly smaller than those of the stellar disc (R(Hα)≃7 − 22%Riso(r)). The morphological properties of these discs are similar to those of the dust seen in absorption in high-resolution HST images. Using a unique set of multifrequency data, including new or archival ASTROSAT/UVIT, GALEX, HST, CFHT,Spitzer, andHerschelimaging data, combined with IFU (MUSE, ALMA) and long-slit (SOAR) spectroscopy, we show that while the gas that is located within these inner discs is photoionised by young stars, which signals ongoing star formation, the gas in the filamentary structures is shock ionised. The star formation surface brightness of these discs is similar to that observed in late-type galaxies. Because of their reduced size, however, these lenticular galaxies are located below the main sequence of unperturbed or cluster star-forming systems. By comparing the dust masses measured from absorption maps in optical images, from the Balmer decrement, or estimated by fitting the UV-to-far-IR spectral energy distribution of the target galaxies, we confirm that the dust masses derived from optical attenuation maps are heavily underestimated because of geometrical effects due to the relative distribution of the absorbing dust and the emitting stars. We also show that these galaxies have gas-to-dust ratios ofG/D≃ 8030320, and that the star formation within these discs follows the Schmidt relation, but with an efficiency that is reduced by a factor of ∼2.5. Using our unique set of multifrequency data, we discuss the possible origin of the ionised gas in these objects, which suggests multiple and complex formation scenarios for massive lenticular galaxies in clusters.
The potency of water availability and its use by the community around the Mount Merbabu National Park
Authors: Prasetyo Lugas , Kusumandari Ambar
Published: November 2021

Water is one of the basic needs for every living thing, including humans. This study aims to determine the availability of water in the two springs, the utilization of water by the community around MMNP, the vegetation characteristics of the spring catchment areas, and the Water Use Index (WUI). Data of water availability was taken using the volumetric method. Water utilization by the community is collected by doing the interviews with the respondents. The vegetation characteristics is analyzed based on the vegetation density by using the NDVI method. Meanwhile, the Water Use Index (WUI) is obtained from a comparison between water demand and water supply. The results showed that the water debit available in the Tuk Simuncar and Tuk sipendok was 23.22 liters/second and 31.20 liters/second which were classified as class IV. The area of Tuk simuncar is dominated by high density vegetation (75 Ha), while Tuk Sipendok is dominated by moderate density vegetation (102.28 Ha). The community around MMNP uses 211 liters of water for household needs, 59 liters for livestock, and 10 liters for agriculture. The Water Use Index (WUA) of the two springs has a value of 0.3 which is included in the low level.
The study of soil infiltration in west part of Semarang City, Indonesia
Authors: Octariko Muhammad Nursalam , Budianta Wawan
Published: November 2021

This research examined the types and characteristics of soil, including the porosity, the water content, the void ratio, and the degree of saturation to the value of the infiltration rate in the soil located in the western part of Semarang City, Indonesia. The infiltration rate test was carried out at 49 measurement points, based on a 2×2 km2 grid division in the research area. The infiltration rate measurement in the field was carried out using a turf-tech infiltrometer. The data from the infiltration rate measurement results in the field were calculated using the infiltration rate estimation model from Kostiakov, which was further classified by the Konhke classification. The results of the infiltration rate measurement showed that the research area had infiltration rate values that varied, from very slow to very fast, with the values ranged from 0 mm/hour to 1601.33 mm/hour. The analysis results showed that the type of soil, the water content, the degree of saturation, and the porosity related to the infiltration rate in the research area. The soil type parameter had the smallest relationship to the infiltration rate with the R2 value of 0.2923. The soil porosity had the largest relationship to the infiltration rate in the research area, with an R2 value of 0.4854.
Analysis of groundwater sufficienty for domestic and livestock requirements as an anticipation to sea water intrusion in Kebumen coast
Authors: Setyawan Purnama Ignasius Loyola , Nugrahaeni Salsabiila Bayu , Saleh Isa La Ode , Primacintya Vincentia Anindha
Published: November 2021

This study has three objectives, i.e calculating the availability of groundwater in the study area, calculating water demand for domestic and livestock and evaluating the safe yield of groundwater extraction. To achieve these three objectives, groundwater availability, safe yield and actual utilization are calculated. Groundwater availability is calculated based on the multiplication of the area, aquifer thickness and the specific yield. Water demand for domestic is determined base on the number of population and the amount of water demand of each person in each day. Water demand for livestock is calculated based on the number of livestock and water consumption for each livestock in each day, while the safe yield is calculated based on the multiplication of area, annual groundwater level fluctuation and specific yield. The results of research showed that the availability of groundwater in the study area reached 440,517,770 m3/year, while the safe yield for its extraction was 76,641,600 m3/year. Because the water demand for domestic and livestock is 6,495,100 m3/year, so that the availability of groundwater in the study area is still sufficient to support water demand for these sectors. The water demand of the two sectors still have not exceeded the safe yield water extraction, so it will not cause decreasing of groundwater pressure which can cause to sea water intrusion.
The Study of fluviomarine rice field productivity and its effect on farmer’s income in Mojowarno Village, Kaliori District, Rembang Regency
Authors: Maghfiroh Azizatul , Sudrajat Sudrajat
Published: November 2021

Fluviomarine rice field is a type of agricultural land resulting from past marine activity processes with alluvium deposition material. This study specifically discusses the productivity of the rice field agricultural system by linking the physical components of the land based on the characteristics of geomorphological conditions (physiography, soil type, elevation contour, slope, and land use) with social interactions by local farmers. This study wants to analyze the productivity of the fluviomarine rice field farming system on agricultural income in Mojowarno village. This study uses 72 households data sample with the cluster random sampling method, which is based on the fluviomarine form cluster unit. The data analysis used a descriptive quantitative analysis. The results of this study are the fluviomarin rice fields farming system inMojowarno Village is a rainfed farming system with a planting frequency of only 2 times a year. Meanwhile, the average productivity of the land was only 5,307 tons /hectar, while the average income received by farmers was only Rp 5,879,631.00 /year. The regression statistical test results show that farmers’ income is significantly influenced by land productivity. This study is expected to be used as a reference in preparing the development strategy for increasing farmer’s income.
Characterization and identification of clay-material provenance from Bayat ceramic home industry in Klaten, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Setiawan Nugroho Imam , Perdana Indra , Syarifah Vidya , Buana Pra Cipta , Setyowiyoto Milzam Dzulfiqar , Istinanda Rizki , Barianto Didit Hadi , Ansori Chusni
Published: November 2021

Bayat Ceramic Home Industry in Klaten, Central Java, Indonesia is produced from three primary locations of Melikan, Paseban, and Ndolon. The clay-sources of the ceramic were mined from Bayat and surrounding areas, which is geologically named Jiwo Hills. Characterization and identification of clay material sources of the ceramic products from these areas were done in to understand the correlation between provenance and production processes. This paper presents the first contribution on Bayat ceramic by investigating the mineralogical composition using petrography and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analyses. Understanding the characteristics and compositions of clay material source of ceramic in Bayat can be used to determine other clay source locations or quarry that have the similar characteristics to current clay-materials. The clay minerals of ceramic products from Melikan and Paseban are halloysite, smectite, and kaolinite, while from Ndolon are smectite and kaolinite. Monoand poly-crystalline quartz with the lithic fragments of phyllites were found in Melikan and Paseban ceramics. Ceramic from Ndolon is rich in plagioclase and lithic andesite. Clay provenance of ceramic products from Melikan and Paseban might be derived from weathered low-grade metamorphic and igneous rocks from West Jiwo Hills. While from Ndolon might be derived from weathered igneous or volcanic rocks from Kebo-Butak Formation. The amorphous silica found in the ceramic from Melikan, Paseban, and Ndolon suggests the firing process between 700–800 °C. Thus, our results provide the database of clay source characteristics to determine the following possible clay-quarry location for the raw materials of ceramic products in this location.
Study of the service functions of health facilities in Yogyakarta Special Province
Authors: Sadali Mohammad Isnaini , Rijanta Raden , Mutaali Lutfi , Kurniawan Andri
Published: November 2021

The provision of public service facilities in settlement and regional environments is the right of the community to support a decent life and livelihood also to improve the quality of life. Therefore, the availability of health facilities must be considered so that every Indonesian can obtain their right to health services. This study aims to analyze the availability of health service facilities and the service function of health facilities in Yogyakarta Special Province. As a differentiator with previous research, the researcher conducted a analyze comprehensively by combining analysis of the centrality index and the service function to determine the hierarchy of health service centers. The location of this research is in the Yogyakarta Special Province with the smallest area analysis unit is the sub-district. The results showed that the availability of low order goods health service facilities was generally fulfilled in all sub-districts of Yogyakarta Special Province. Cities are still areas of high concentration of health services, this is reinforced by the highest centrality index and hierarchy of health facilities in Yogyakarta City.
Engineering Geological Characteristics Based on Rock Mass Rating (RMR) and Geological Strength Index (GSI) in Jlantah Dam Intake Tunnel, Karanganyar District, Central Java Province
Authors: Putera Doni Apriadi , Hendrayana Heru , Indrawan I Gde Budi
Published: November 2021

This paper presents the results of a geological engineering investigation in the form of rock mass characterization at the Jlantah Dam Intake Tunnel. The study was carried out through technical geological mapping, core drill evaluation and supported by laboratory test data. The determination of rock mass classification at the research site has been carried out using the Rock Mass Rating (RMR) method, but it is necessary to use another method that is more suitable based on rock mass for weak rocks, namely using the Geological Strength Index (GSI) method.The rock mass quality will be used as a parameter in determining the excavation method and tunnel support system that will be used in the Jlantah Dam intake tunnel. The results showed that the research area consisted of lithology in volcanic breccias and tuff lapilli. GSI rock mass value at the research location ranged from 15 - 65, while the RMR value ranged from 24 - 70. The correlation between RMR and GSI in the study area is different when compared to Hoek and Brown (1997) but has similarities with Zhang et al (2019).
The Influence of Watershed Morphometry to River Discharge Variation (Case Study of Bengkulu Watershed, Indonesia)
Authors: Faski Gita Ivana Suci Lestari , Purnama Ignasius Loyola Setyawan
Published: November 2021

Morphometric analysis in a watershed is a requirement in analyzing hydrological conditions in a watershed, because the properties of river networks and their relationship to each other will affect the condition of water resources in the watershed. This study aims to analyze the variations in the discharge of two rivers in the upper Bengkulu watershed and the morphometric aspects that influence it. For this reason, several morphometric aspects are calculated, such as the area of the watershed, circulation ratio, median elevation and slope. The results showed that the Rindu Hati River had a higher monthly discharge than the Susup River. The sizeable difference in discharge between the Rindu Hati and Susup Rivers is due more to differences in the size of the area. As is known, the total area of the Rindu Hati Sub-watershed is 184.2 km2, while the Susup Sub-watershed is 103.6 km2. With a large area, the Rindu Hati Subwatershed will be able to accommodate a large amount of rainwater as well.
Use of concrete formulations based on dredging sand in the fabrication of tetrapods for protection of harbour dykes
Authors: Hassoune Mehdi , Fatmaoui Hassan , Chaoufi Jamal
Published: November 2021

Port structures (quays and dykes) need an enormous consumption of materials, in particular concrete and its components, as well as sand, hence the need to develop alternative solutions using port dredging sand, estimated at thousands of tonnes through its use in the concrete that forms the blocks of the quay walls. After having demonstrated in a previous work the possibility of using the dredged sand from the port of Agadir in concrete formulations, the present work consists in showing the possibility of using the dredged sand from the port of Agadir in concrete formulations that can be used in the construction of concrete tetrapods from a concrete formulation based on dredged sand, more precisely 50% of the sand entering in the formulation is dredged sand extracted from the port of Agadir. The eventual use of dredged sand in the concrete of the tetrapods will lead to enormous gains in the quantities of sand and thus to a lower consumption of construction materials, and will also play a more important role in the preservation of the marine environment by avoiding the trapping of the dredged materials.
Versorgung von Menschen am Lebensende in Altenpflegeeinrichtungen in Niedersachsen – Eine quantitative Befragung von Angehörigen
Authors: Walther Wenke , Stiel Stephanie , Schneider Nils , Müller-Mundt Gabriele
Published: November 2021

Hintergrund Die Begleitung von Menschen am Lebensende ist ein zentraler Aspekt stationärer Altenpflege. Ziel der Studie war die Evaluation der Hospizkultur in Altenpflegeeinrichtungen aus Angehörigensicht.

Methodik Angehörige verstorbener Bewohner*innen (n = 452) aus 18 Einrichtungen in Niedersachsen wurden zur Befragungsteilnahme eingeladen. Der Fragebogen erfasst zentrale Aspekte von Hospizkultur. Die Auswertung erfolgte statistisch deskriptiv.

Ergebnisse 149 Angehörige (33 %) haben teilgenommen. Davon erlebten 96 % den Tod der Bewohner*innen als Sterben „in Ruhe und Würde“. Von ihnen waren 88 % mit der pflegerischen und 62 % mit der hausärztlichen Versorgung zufrieden. 23 % erhielten Informationen zu Hilfsangeboten bei der Trauerverarbeitung. 13 % der Bewohner*innen verstarben im Krankenhaus.

Schlussfolgerung In den Altenpflegeeinrichtungen werden zentrale Aspekte von Hospizkultur umgesetzt. Ausbaufähig erscheinen insbesondere Informationsangebote zur Trauerverarbeitung.
Acute Parkinsonism in a Patient with Spinal Cord Injury: A Case Report
Authors: Perrotta Francesco , Perrini Marco Paolo , Cantatore Lea Pia
Published: November 2021

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most common cause of parkinsonism, a clinical syndrome that includes bradykinesia, tremor, and postural instability. Secondary causes of parkinsonism include chronic traumatic encephalopathy. However, clear physiopathologic association between spinal cord injury (SCI) and PD has not been well described yet. We describe a rare/unusual case of a patient with C7–D1 fracture/listhesis who, 12 days after the trauma, developed a progressive cognitive impairment together with mandibular tremor. Seven days after the onset of symptoms, because of the persistence of mandibular tremor and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 4, therapy with L-DOPA/benserazide was started, which resulted in gradual reduction of symptoms and complete recovery of consciousness. This could be the first report of PD appearing only 12 days after an SCI in the acute stage. Early differential diagnosis on the first manifestations of this kind of symptoms should be considered in patients with SCI to set up the right therapy essential for improving the outcome and preventing devastating consequences. This might also provide insights into the potential pathophysiologic responses of the brain after primary (immediate) and secondary (delayed) damages.
Modeling of tungsten filament in gas discharge in H− ion source
Authors: Yampolsky Nikolai , Rybarcyk Lawrence , Henestroza Enrique , Draganic Ilija
Published: November 2021

Sources of negative ions such as H− are essential elements of proton accelerators and tokamaks. They have limited lifetime. The replacement of an ion source is a costly process causing delays in the operation of the entire machine. The hot tungsten filament is the key element that limits the lifetime of the H− ion source at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) facility. An accurate model, which describes the filament physics and provides a reliable estimate on its lifetime, may significantly improve the operation of the facility. Here, we describe such a model, including a comprehensive list of relevant physical processes from first principles. The model can be used to describe different regimes of operation using diagnostics data as input parameters. It has been benchmarked against the data collected during the production cycle at LANSCE and shows good agreement with experimental data.