bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oblateness and mass variation effects on the Hill R4BP Abdullah
Authors: Ansari Abdullah , Sahdev Shiv Kumar , Alebraheem Jawdat , Kellil Rabah
Published: March 2023

The oblateness and mass variation effects are studied in the circular Hill restricted 4-body problem (R4BP). Here we assume two bodies as oblate in shape and third one as spherical in shape, these three bodies are at the vertices of a triangle. The 4th infinitesimal body varies its mass and moving under the perturbed gravitational forces in the plane of primaries. With these perturbations, we evaluate the equations of motion and quasi-jacobian integral using specific scales and transformations. Finally, the numerical presentations are given such as stationary points, regions of motion, surfaces of section, periodic orbits and basins of convergence.
2010 MSC: 00-01, 99-00
Nearby Fault Interaction within the Double-Vergence Suture in Eastern Taiwan during the 2022 Chihshang Earthquake Sequence
Authors: Tang Chi-Hsien , Lin Yunung , Tung Hsin , Wang Yu , Lee Shiann-Jong , Hsu Ya-Ju , Shyu J. Bruce H. , Kuo Yu-Ting , Chen Horng-Yue
Published: March 2023

Faults interact through stress changes induced by earthquakes and viscoelastic flow acting in the lithosphere, but the process can be geometry-dependent and temporally-variant. The Chihshang earthquake sequence in September 2022, eastern Taiwan offers an unprecedented opportunity to study the interaction of two head-to-head conjugate thrust faults in the earthquake cycle. By combining geodetic and geological observations, we map the coseismic slip on the Central Range fault and the dynamically-triggered shallow slip on the Longitudinal Valley fault, which has been creeping rapidly in the interseismic period. Overlapping regions of seismic and aseismic slip suggest that an individual segment of fault is capable of hosting a variety of distinct slip behaviors. Moreover, substantial stress decrease on one fault is imparted by the large earthquake on the other, resulting in seismic bursts in an out-of-phase pattern as seen in the hundred-year historical records. Such fault interaction implies the need for time-dependent seismic hazard reassessment for the complex fault system.
Invasion of Exotic Plants Species in rural-urban gradient in Jharkhand, India: Their Harmful Effects and Beneficial Uses
Authors: Mishra Shambhu Nath , Mukherjee Prasanjit , Kumar Rahul
Published: March 2023

Invasive plant species (IPS) are considered one of the major drivers of biodiversity loss, altering ecosystem services and socio-economic conditions through different mechanisms. However, the ecological impacts of IPS are well documented, while a few benefits of alien species were also observed. Decisions need to be made on whether benefits derived from the invasive spread of an alien species outweigh the reduced value of ecosystem services, e.g., the loss of grazing land. The present study was carried out in Gutwa village near the Ranchi Smart Cities, where the encroachment of invasive plants was in accelerated due to infrastructure and other anthropogenic activity. For the enumeration of invasive plant species (IPS) research site has been classified into three groups (1) G1 (infrastructure developed area); (2) G2 (developing; infrastructure is going on) and (3) G3 (undeveloped or natural vegetation dominant area). Field data has been collected from fifteen quadrats, each of 3m x3 m. Quantitative analysis has been done with standard methods. Statistically, the variance of all quadrats emphasizes the dispersions nature of alien species within the group of all quadrats. The opportunity for the accidental invasion of alien species may increase with rapid urbanization and globalization. Because of this, the present study attempted to the documentation of harmful and beneficial uses of the invasive alien plant species in the rural-urban gradient in Gutwa village. So, it is necessary to consider actions to deal with the current problems in Gutwa village in Ranchi caused by invasive species and to reduce the magnitude of the problem in the future. Management prospects can be further strengthened through their linkage with geospatial technologies (remote sensing and GIS) by mapping and monitoring the IPS spread.
Prediction of CO 2 mole fraction via CO 2 CPU process using different machine learning algorithms
Authors: Mansouri Somayeh , Shahraki Farhad , Sadeghi Jafar , Koohestanian Esmaeil , Birjandi Mohammad Reza Sardashti
Published: March 2023

There is a general industrial procedure called compression and refining unit to catch CO2 from the flue gases produced during oxyfuel combustion. This research discusses the application of decision trees, Adaboosting, random forests, machines that support vectors, and k-nearest neighbor classifiers and gradient boosting in predicting CO2’s mole fracion from flue gases of oxyfuel’s combustion emitted from the power plant. First of all, a training and test dataset was developed using the different variables. Then, a total of 491 simulations were performed and the mole fraction of CO2 was examined. The anticipated outcomes suggested that six machine learning algorithms that rank performance from excellent to poor, RF, GB, AB, DT, KNN, and SVM can be picked to forecast the mole fraction of CO2. Important features were detected by SHAP and the best algorithm was chosen by cross-validation. Results were shown that The RF algorithm enjoyed a great CO2 mole fraction ability to predict and displayed the very best ability for generalization and most reliable prediction precision among all four with an accuracy of 97%. After that LIME was used to explain the results of the RF algorithm. Out of the various variables studied, the pressure of the multistage compressor had the highest effect on the CO2 mole fraction. These results show that machine learning can be used as a reliable predictor of CO2 performance capture within the CPU process.
Antagonistic activity of a novel chitosan-selenium nanoflower against common aquaculture pathogen Aeromonas caviae
Authors: Sowmiya Prasad , Dhas Tharmathass Stalin , Inbakandan Dhinakarasamy , Mani Ravi , Natarajan Anandakumar , Dharani Gopal , Govindaraju Kasivelu , Kannan Malaichamy , Velu Karthick , Kumar Chirayil Meethalepurayil Vineeth
Published: March 2023

Aquatic pathogens contribute the most severe economic loss in fishes. Nanoparticles are being developed as potent antimicrobial agents against various pathogens. This study involved the synthesis and characterization of a novel chitosan‐selenium nanoflower employing multiple spectroscopic and microscopic approach. The UV‐vis spectra obtained at 265 nm indicated the formation of the Chitosan‐selenium nanoflower. The Particle size analysis revealed the size of the nanoflowers to be 186.3 nm. The Transmission Electron Micrographs revealed a unique nanoflower like morphology. XRD spectrum revealed amorphous nature and the Raman spectrum showed characteristic resonance peak at 254 cm−1was a characteristic absorption band for monoclinic Se and α‐Se. Cytotoxicity analysis of the synthesized nanoflowers against isolated fish pathogenA. caviaeshowed increasing toxicity in a dose dependent manner. The DCFDA assay was conducted for estimating increase in ROS production and the highest percentage increase in ROS was observed at 1000 µg/mL. The lipid peroxidation assay was performed by quantification of lipid oxidation product Malondialdehyde (MDA). The highest percentage lipid peroxidation was found to occur at a dose of 500 µg/mL. As a result, the synthesised chitosan‐selenium nanoflowers can be exploited as a promising antibacterial treatment against the fish pathogenA. caviae.
Investigation of HPW/TiO 2 -SnO 2 -ZrO 2 catalytic performance for epoxidation of soybean oil under hydrodynamic cavitation
Authors: Mo Simin , Cheng Qianwei , Wei Xiaoli , Chen Tong , Meng Luli , Ming Gao , Yu Kena
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Epoxidized vegetable oils are widely used as plasticizers, lubricants and reaction intermediates. In this work, a new solid acid catalyst was developed to obtain epoxidized soybean oil in high yield and combined with hydrodynamic cavitation technology to improve the efficiency of epoxidation. The structure and morphology characteristics of the catalyst were studied by XRD, FT-IR, Py-FTIR, NH3-TPD, SEM, N2-adsorption and desorption analysis and TG techniques. It was applied to the epoxidation of soybean oil, and the influence of various parameters including catalyst dosage, formic acid dosage, hydrogen peroxide dosage and reaction temperature on the relative conversion rate of oxirane of soybean oil, as well as the recyclability of catalyst was studied.

RESULTS

The catalyst has both Lewis and Brönsted acid sites and is stable at high temperatures. Under the optimum reaction conditions, the relative conversion rate of oxirane was 85.08% at 2h. The catalytic activity did not decrease significantly after 5 cycles of the reaction.

CONCLUSION

The results show that the catalyst is easy to prepare, has good catalytic activity in catalyzing the epoxidation reaction of soybean oil, and is easy to recover and highly reusable.
Analysis of codon usage bias in Ziziphi Spinosae Semen based on transcriptome data
Authors: Zhao Mengwei , Wang Jiemin , Liu Yuting , Yan Yuping , Li Si , Wang Wei , Sun HuiGai , Ma DongLai
Published: March 2023

The characteristics of codon usage and the influencing factors of the transcriptomic coding sequence in Ziziphi Spinosae Semen were investigated. The optimal codon was determined by analyzing 5,045 CDS samples using the Perl program and Codon W 1.4.2 software. The average content of GC, GC1, GC2 and GC3 of CDS ranged from 38.53–48.82%. The ENC-plot, bias, and neutral analyses showed that the codon preference is affected by mutation under selection. A total of 28 optimal codons were obtained, including UCC, UGC, UCG, etc. These were identified by the gene high expression screening codon methods, most of which end with C and G, and only CGU ends with U. Selection pressure has a great impact on the codon usage preference in Ziziphi Spinosae Semen CDS, and the mutation pressure also has some effects. The results of this study will provide a theoretical basis for the carrier selection for saponins and flavonoid synthesis and the evolution and contribution to the increased production of this medicinal plant species.
The risk may not be limited to the flooding – Polluted high flood sediments pose a health threat to the unaware public
Authors: Weber Alexandra , Wolf Stefanie , Becker Nadine , Märker-Neuhaus Leonie , Bellanova Piero , Brüll Catrina , Hollert Henner , Klopries Elena-Maria , Schüttrumpf Holger , Lehmkuhl Frank
Published: March 2023

Background
Because of global climate change, extreme flood events will increase in quantity and intensity in the upcoming decades. In catchments affected by ore mining, flooding leads to the deposition of fine sediments enriched in trace metal(loid)s. Depending on their concentration, trace metal(loid)s can be a health hazard. Therefore, the exposure of the local population to flood sediments, either by ingestion (covering direct ingestion and consuming food grown on these sediments) or via inhalation of dried sediments contributing to atmospheric particulate matter, is of concern.
Results
The extreme flood of July 2021 deposited enormous amounts of sediment across the town of Eschweiler (western Germany), with the inundation area exceeding previously mapped extreme flood limits (HQextreme). These sediments are rich in fine material (with the < 63 µm fraction making up 32% to 96%), which either can stick to the skin and be ingested or be inhaled. They are moderately to heavily enriched in Zn>Cu>Pb>Cd>Sn compared to local background concentrations. The concentrations of Zn, Pb, Cd, Cu, and As in flood sediments exceed international trigger action values. A simple assessment of uptake reveals that the tolerable daily intake is exceeded for Pb. Despite the enrichment of other trace elements like Zn, Cu, Cd, and Sn, they presumably do not pose a risk to human well-being. However, exposure to high dust concentrations may be a health risk.
Conclusions
In conclusion, flood sediments, especially in catchments impacted by mining, may pose a risk to the affected public. Hence, we propose to (I) improve the flood mapping by incorporating potential pollution sources, (II) extend warning messages to incorporate specific guidance, (III) use appropriate clean-up strategies in the aftermath of such flooding events, (IV) provide medical support, and (V) clue the public and medical professionals in on this topic accordingly.
Early proximal tubular injury in COVID-19 related ARDS: the URICOV study
Authors: Bobot Mickaël , Heim Xavier , Max Howard , Boucraut José , Simeone Pierre , Stein Claire , Velly Lionel , Bruder Nicolas , Forel Jean-Marie , Hraiech Sami , Guervilly Christophe , Carvelli Julien , Gainnier Marc , Mège Jean-Louis , Chopinet Sophie , Jourde-Chiche Noémie , Papazian Laurent , Burtey Stéphane
Published: March 2023

Background: During COVID-19, renal impairment is the most frequent after lung impairment and is associated with a poor prognosis particularly in intensive care unit (ICU). In this work we aimed to assess the existence and incidence of early renal dysfunction and its prognostic value in patients with COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and to compare them with patients with non-COVID-19-related ARDS.
Methods: This prospective multicenter study was conducted in 3 ICUs. Patients aged 18 years and older with invasive mechanical ventilation for ARDS were enrolled. Precise evaluation of renal dysfunction markers including urinary proteins electrophoresis (UPE) and quantification, was performed within 24 hours after mechanical ventilation onset.
Results: From March 2020 to December 2021, 135 patients in ICU for ARDS were enrolled: 100 COVID-19 ARDS and 35 non-COVID-19 ARDS. UPE found more tubular dysfunction in COVID-19 patients (68% vs. 21.4%, p<0.0001) and more normal profiles in non-COVID-19 patients (65.0% vs. 11.2%, p=0.0003). COVID-19 patients significantly displayed early urinary leakage of tubular proteins like beta-2-microglobulin and free-light chains, tended to display more frequently acute kidney injury (AKI) (51.0% vs 34.3%, p=0.088), and had longer mechanical ventilation (20 vs. 9 days, p<0.0001) and longer ICU length of stay (26 vs. 15 days, p<0.0001). In COVID-19 ARDS, leakage of free lambda light chain was significantly associated with the onset of KDIGO ≥2 AKI (OR: 1.014, 95%CI [1.003-1.025], p=0.011).
Conclusion: Patients admitted to the ICU for COVID-19-related ARDS display a proximal tubular dysfunction, prior to the onset of AKI, which predicts AKI. Proximal tubular damage seems an important mechanism of COVID-19-induced nephropathy. Analysis of urinary proteins is a reliable and non-invasive tool to assess proximal tubular dysfunction in the ICU.
Trial Registration: Registered retrospectively with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05699889) 26 January 2023.
ANN supported study on the performance and slurry erosion resistance of thermal sprayed WC20Cr 3 C 2 7Ni coatings
Authors: Bhosale Digvijay G. , Bhosale Poonam , Patil Yashraj , Patil Lalit , Jadhav Swapnil , Vasudev Hitesh , Prabhu T. Ram
Published: March 2023

The thermal spray coatings are commonly employed in slurry pump components and hydrodynamic turbine blades, where wear progression is an intricate phenomenon. In this research work, the performance analysis of HVOF and APS sprayed WC20Cr3C27Ni coatings for slurry erosion wear is carried out by using artificial neural networks (ANN). The influence of time, particle size, impact angle, speed, and slurry concentration on wear performance of coatings and turbine steel substrate are evaluated. Under the experimental settings, slurry erosion wear rates and mass loss for both coatings and substrate were determined. When ASTM A743 steel was coated with thermal sprayed WC20Cr3C27Ni coatings, the slurry erosion wear resistance of the steel was enhanced by 2 and 3.5 times for APS and HVOF coatings, respectively. The design of ANN made it possible to examine the interactions between the seven input variables. A robust model was formed by the two outputs that followed. This model enables the prediction of slurry erosion wear rate and mass loss of WC20Cr3C27Ni coatings and substrate.
Enhancing Privacy and Security in Cloud Computing Using the Covenant Code Exchange
Authors: Ghann Patricia , Zou Yousuo , Huang Jun Steed , Yang Hong
Published: March 2023

This paper proposes a model for enhancing privacy and security in cloud computing known as the Covenant Code Exchange (CCE). The model is proposed as part of the Service Level Agreement (SLA) for cloud providers and users as well as a third party (a witness). In particular, the model we propose allows a cloud provider, user and a witness to exchange covenant codes during transactions to ensure privacy, security and accountability. The covenant code exchange (CCE) requires the code of all parties that are involved for a successful transaction. A key feature of the proposed model is that a transaction cannot be completed with the codes of all parties concerned. Our model is very efficient and effective; when compared to other models; certification, accreditation, authorization and authentication, it involves a transaction cannot be completed until all parties have exchange of covenant codes. Additionally, when there is a breach in security, all parties will be held accountable. This ensures that each party is critical and cautions before, during and after a transaction is successfully executed.
Assessment of low-density polyethylene and poly (ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) capability for the uptake Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in atmospheric passive sampling devices
Authors: Sánchez-Andica Rubén Albeiro , Troches-Mafla Estefanía , Páez-Melo Martha Isabel , Martínez-Lara Jina
Published: March 2023

In this study, the ability of Poly (ethylene vinyl acetate) (EVA) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) to uptake persistent organic pollutants (POPs) (13 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and 19 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)) was evaluated in passive environmental monitoring samplers. The compounds adsorbed on the polymers surface, were extracted with n-hexane and methanol. Afterward, they were quantified by gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometry detector (GC-MS2). In the process of uptaking, a fast accumulation kinetics for both polymeric materials were observed. Generally, the compounds with lower molecular weight (186-291.9 g/mol) and lower KOA(6.17-6.82) reached the equilibrium region in less than 1 day, while the compounds with high molecular weight (318-464 g/mol), the equilibrium region was reached after 10 days. Finally, the GFF-EVA was used in a pilot sampling test in the city of Santiago de Cali (Colombia) in four sampling campaigns that were carried out between March and May 2019 in an exposure time of 15 days. Ten (10) PCBs and thirteen (13) OCPs were detected. The highest concentrations of these POPs were detected at the following stations:Transitoria, ERA-Obrero, La Flora and Base Aérea. The evaluated polymers proved to be suitable and promising materials for monitoring POPs due to their low cost, easy implementation, and deployment.
A generalization of M-weakly compact operators
Authors: Hazrati Somayeh , Azar Kazem Haghnejad , Zare Sajjad Ghanizadeh
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we introduce and study new classifications of operators as name unbounded L-weakly and generalized M-weakly compact operators. We study some lattice properties of these classifications of operators and we investigate their relationships with others known operators such as M-weakly compact operators. We show that each M-weakly compact operator is generalized M-weakly compact operator, but the converse, in general, not holds.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2010) 47B65 · 46B40 · 46B42
Validation of a Musculoskeletal Model for Simulating Muscle Mechanics and Energetics During Diverse Human Hopping Tasks
Authors: Jessup Luke N. , Kelly Luke A. , Cresswell Andrew G. , Lichtwark Glen A.
Published: March 2023

Computational musculoskeletal modelling has emerged as an alternative technique to indirect calorimetry for estimating energy expenditure. In comparison, musculoskeletal modelling is less constrained – removing the need for repetitive motion, often at steady-state, over prolonged time periods. However, predictions from modelling tools depend on many assumptions around muscle architecture and function and motor control. Therefore, these tools need to continue to be validated if we are to eventually develop subject-specific simulations that can accurately and reliably model rates of energy consumption for any given task. In this study, we used OpenSim software and experimental motion capture data to simulate muscle activations, muscle fascicle dynamics, and whole-body metabolic power across mechanically and energetically disparate hopping tasks, and then evaluated these outputs at a group- and individual-level against experimental electromyography, ultrasound, and indirect colorimetry data. We found weak to strong correlations for peak muscle activations, moderate to strong correlations for absolute fascicle shortening and mean shortening velocity, and strong correlations for gross metabolic power. These correlations tended to be stronger on a group-level rather than individual-level. Therefore, current modelling approaches may be sufficient for predicting relative differences in metabolic power across movement conditions on a group-level, but caution is required for interpretation of simulation outputs for individuals. We also urge that appropriate validation be performed before running analyses of simulated muscle mechanics, especially of muscle activations. We encourage others to use our publicly available dataset and develop others alike to refine the modelling of muscle mechanics and, more globally, the subject-specificity of simulations.
De-noising of Well log signal using Multilayer Decomposition for Lithology Identification in the Jharia coalfield region
Authors: Sinha Sugata Kumar , Gautam Priyanka , Lutte Sudhakar , Mundhe Newton
Published: March 2023

In the present study, the use of the multi-layer decomposition using wavelet for denoising of the non-stationary signal, i.e., the well log signal based on three wavelets such as Symlet wavelet (Sym8), biorthogonal wavelet (bior6.8) and Daubechies wavelet (db8) are used to identify lithology in the Jharia coalfield region. This work mainly focuses on the development of unconventional methods for signal denoising using wavelets. The well log data of the Jharia coalfield region includes gamma ray log (GR), resistivity log (shallow resistivity log, medium resistivity log), density log, sonic log, and neutron log (NPHI) which are used as the signal to which de-noising has been applied. This study describes the lithology of the Jharia coalfield region using the wavelet denoising effect, power spectrum analysis of the denoised signal, and lithology identification using denoised data. Lithology identification using de-noised signals is used to delineate three lithologies such as sand, shale, and coal to understand the performance of each wavelet decomposition method. Different parameters like the ‘heursure’ soft thresholding and 8-level decomposition are used for denoising the signal. Lithology obtained from the denoised signal using the 'sym8' wavelet gives lithofacies differences compared to other wavelets, information obtained from the 'sym8' waveform is more applicable to identify the reservoir properties, stratigraphic sequence, and sedimentary facies.
Research of CNN-SCN for Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Tong Yinsheng , Li Zuoyong , Huang Hui , Gao Libin , Xu Minghai , Hu Zhongyi
Published: March 2023

The early and effective diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease(AD) and mild cognitive impairment(MCI) has received increasing attention in recent years, but most of the existing studies do not pay enough attention to the spatial structure information in structural magnetic resonance images(MRI), and do not go deeper to explore the potential connection between spatial slices and slices, thus making the network models less accurate, poor generalization ability. To explore deeper the connection between spatial context slices, this research is designed to develop a new deep learning method to effectively detect or predict AD by digging into the deeper spatial contextual structural information. In this paper, we design a spatial context network based on 3D convolutional neural network to learn the multi-level structural features of brain MRI images for AD classification. The experimental results show that the model has good stability, accuracy and generalization ability.
Population structure of Aequiyoldia eightsii (Jay, 1839) (Protobranchia, Sareptidae) in the shallow water zone of an Antarctic Specially Managed Area (Admiralty Bay, King George Island, Antarctic Peninsula)
Authors: Alcântara¹ Isabella B. , Dalto¹ Adriana G. , Lavrado¹ Helena P.
Published: March 2023

The protobranch Aequiyoldia eightsii is one of the most common bivalves in Antarctica and for the first time, its population structure was studied in Admiralty Bay, an Antarctic Specially Managed Area (ASMA), to establish a baseline for future monitoring. Density, size structure, length-weight relationship, condition index, and shell morphometry were evaluated at the shallow coastal zone of the bay. High abundance values of A. eightsii were related to sites with greater contributions of mud particles and total organic carbon contents in the sediment, while the condition indexes were higher in Martel Inlet, possibly due to higher food availability. Individuals obtained from gravel-rich sediments were significantly larger than compressed, while rounded forms were observed in sandy and muddy bottoms of the bay. Positive allometric growth was reported in most sites, except Botany Point, where specimens presented an isometric growth. The results demonstrated that the sediment composition and its organic content influence the population structure of A. eightsi as well as biological factors such as predation and recruitment rates. It is also worth noting that the phenotypic shell plasticity observed for this protobranch species in geographically close sites (hundreds of meters) highlights the importance of local-scale heterogeneity to be considered in future monitoring programmes for Antarctic marine ecosystems.
What does it mean to be compliant with sustainability standards and certification? Projecting confidence
Authors: Pennington Derric
Published: March 2023

What can consumers expect from compliance with four iconic voluntary market-based sustainability standards for global sugarcane, cotton, oil palm, coffee, tea, and cacao: Rainforest Alliance, Better Cotton Initiative, Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil, and Bonsucro? These Voluntary Sustainability Standards (VSS) represent some of the most popular solutions for improving the sustainability outcomes of global value chains. I grouped 244 compliance-indicators into one of four compliance categories: policy, practice, measurement or performance-based. I hypothesize how these could provide a priori information to stakeholders on the expected outcomes. I found VSS are largely comprised of policy and practice-based standards: 36% policy, 48% practice, 6% measurement, 10% performance. Only 11% of performance-based standards were core requirements. Most policy and practice-based indicators were qualitative while performance-standards were only quantitative. I found that compliance with measurement and performance-based standards is more likely to translate directly to SDG indicators used by governments to report progress. Incorporating performance-based standards can increase the likelihood that compliance is achieving desired results.
Association between volumes of preterm brain structures, neurodevelopmental outcomes, and neonatal morbidities
Authors: Park Seul Gi , Yang Hyo Ju , Lim Soo Yeon , Kim Seh Hyun , Shin Seung Han , Kim Ee-Kyung , Kim Han-Suk
Published: March 2023

Purpose: Premature infants are prone to impaired neurodevelopmental outcomes due to brain injury or underdevelopment. However, these outcomes may be present without any brain lesions. The association between neonatal morbidities and the volume of segmentalbrain structures is not fully understood. Therefore, we analyzed the association between brain structure volumes, neonatal morbidities, and neurodevelopmental outcomesin extremepreterm infants.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 158 extreme preterm infants, in whom brain magnetic resonance imaging at term equivalent age (TEA-MRI) and neurodevelopmental evaluation wereperformed at a corrected age of 18–24 months.Patients with congenital anomalies or significant brain lesions, such as high-grade intraventricular hemorrhage and periventricular leukomalacia were excluded. Medical records, including the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development 3rd Edition (BSID-III), of preterm infants were reviewed and analyzed. FreeSurfer infant software was used to evaluatebrain structures, while volumes of specific brain regions were adjusted for gestational age and postmenstrual age on MRI using multivariate regression analysis.
Results: Preterm infants with neurodevelopmental impairment had smaller midbrain (aOR 0.804, 95% CI 0.647–0.998). Neonatal morbidities of preterm infants included respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), which was associated with a smaller volume of the medulla (aOR 0.593, 95% CI 0.387–0.908), ventral diencephalon (aOR 0.730, 95% CI 0.572–0.932), and putamen (aOR 0.874, 95% CI 0.788–0.969). Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) requiring surgery was associated with a smaller volume of the pons (aOR 0.727, 95% CI 0.594–0.889) and vermis (aOR 0.766, 95% CI 0.646–0.907). Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) requiring surgery was associated with a smaller pons volume (aOR 0.729, 95% CI 0.600–0.886). Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) requiring surgery was associated with a smaller volume of the pons (aOR 0.751, 95% CI 0.661–0.854), vermis (aOR 0.832, 95% CI 0.745–0.930), and cerebellum (aOR 0.974, 95% CI 0.960–0.989).
Conclusions: Among preterm infants without significant brain injuries, smaller volume of midbrain was associated with impaired neurodevelopment. RDS and morbidities requiring surgery such as PDA, ROP, and NEC were associated with reduced segmental volumes of the brain in preterm infants.
Loop 3D printing: recyclable photoresins for light-mediated additive manufacturing
Authors: de pariza xabier lopez , varela oihane , Catt Samantha O. , Long Timothy E. , Blasco Eva , Sardon Haritz
Published: March 2023

Additive manufacturing (AM) of polymeric materials has allowed the manufacturing of complex structures for a wide range of applications. Among AM methods vat photopolymerization(VP) techniques are desired owing to their improved efficiency and printing resolution. Nevertheless, the major portion of resins available for VP are based on systems with limited or negligible recyclability. Here, we develop an approach that enables the printing of a resin that could be re-printed with retained properties and appearance. To that end, we take advantage of the potential of polythiourethane chemistry, which not only permits the “click” reaction between polythiols and polyisocyanates in the presence of organic bases, allowing a fast printing process, but also chemical recycling, reshaping and reparation of the printed structures, paving the way toward the development of truly sustainable recyclable photoprintable resins. We demonstrate that this closed-loop 3D printing process is feasible both in the macroscale and microscale via DLP or DLW respectively.
A Heuristic Algorithm for LPN Decoding with Improved Memory and Time Efficiency
Authors: Shiyuan Yin , Min Jin
Published: March 2023

The LPN problem, which forms the basis of many lightweight and post-quantum cryptographic schemes, has recently received considerable attention. The solution to this problem typically involves two distinct phases, namely the reduce phase and the decode phase. While current research primarily focuses on the reduce phase, the most advanced decoding algorithm, FWHT, suffers from high computational costs in terms of time and space complexity. In this article, we propose a novel LPN decoding algorithm, GNS, which utilizes a heuristic approach to achieve significantly reduced memory and time complexity compared to FWHT. Experimental comparisons between the FWHT and GNS algorithms were conducted, with the computational results demonstrating that the proposed GNS algorithm is both efficient and superior to FWHT.
Order-norm continuous operators and Order weakly compact operators
Authors: Zare Sajjad Ghanizadeh , Azar Kazem Haghnejad , Matin Mina , Hazrati Somayeh
Published: March 2023

Let E be a sublattice of a vector lattice F. In this paper, we will introduce and study some properties of this new class of operators as F-order-norm continuousoperators and its relationships with some known classifications of operators. We also define the new class of operators that named order weakly compact operators. A continuous operator T : E → X is said to be F-order weakly compact, if T(A) in X is arelatively weakly compact set for each Fo-bounded A ⊆ E. In this manuscript, we study some properties of this class of operators and its relationships with F-order-norm continuous operators.
Changes to the Activity Index considered depending on hierarchical levels.
Authors: Fuchs Joel Emanuel , Tunger Dirk
Published: March 2023

The Activity Index (AI, Narin et al. (1984)) is a well known and frequently used index in the area of Scientometrics and Bibliometrics. It is used where the activity of entities (e.g., the publication numbers of German universities) can not be compared in absolute numbers because of the different sizes of the observed entities. It negates the sizes of the involved entities and indicates focuses on the examined fields. One important source of bibliometric data is the Web of Science (WoS), a citation data base, that enables – through the work of the Competence Centre of Bibliometrics (CCB) amongst others – the comparison of entities like institutions, sectors, or even countries regarding their publication activity differentiated by research fields. Based on the publication numbers from the WoS the AI presents a method to compare entities on their contribution to certain fields – an indicator of the focus an entity has on this field.
We will introduce the AI and use the AI on the WoS database preprocessed by the CCB. Precisely, we will calculate the ‘classic’ AI of German universities regarding the UNESCO ISCED field classification (UNESCO (2014)). Then, we will introduce the techniques of up-leveling and down-leveling, showing how the AI values of German universities shift depending on the context in which they are observed. Beside our real-world example of shifting AI values of German universities based on the WoS publication numbers preprocessed by the CCB, we will also postulate three hypotheses just to demonstrate, how leveled AI values can be interpreted and used to accept or reject hypotheses.
Finally, we will discuss our results and conclude, that leveling the AI is not just a legerdemain but can be a useful, easy to use tool to enrich interpretations and examinations of AI values.
Probabilistic grammars for modeling dynamical systems from coarse, noisy, and partial data
Authors: Omejc Nina , Gec Boštjan , Brence Jure , Todorovski Ljupčo , Džeroski Sašo
Published: March 2023

Ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are a widely used formalism for the mathematical modeling of dynamical systems, a task omnipresent in scientific domains. The paper introduces a novel method for inferring ODEs from data. It extends ProGED, a method for equation discovery that employs probabilistic context-free grammars for constraining the space of candidate equations. The extended method can discover ODEs from partial observations of dynamical systems, where only a subset of state variables can be observed. To evaluate the performance of the newly proposed method, we perform a systematic empirical comparison with alternative state-of-the-art methods for equation discovery and system identification from complete and partial observations. The comparison involves a set of ten dynamical systems, an extension of the standard Strogatz benchmark. We compare the ability of methods to reconstruct the known ODEs from synthetic data simulated at different temporal resolutions and involving different signal-to-noise levels. The improved ProGED compares favorably to state-of-the-art methods for inferring ODEs from data regarding reconstruction abilities and robustness to data coarseness, noise, and completeness.
Teachers' Perceptions of Women In The Principalship A Current Perspective
Authors: Hudson Johnetta , Rea Dorothy
Published: March 2023

Teachers appear to not want extremes and prefer a balance in both male and female principals.
Women Faculty Pursuing Grants: Gender Differences
Authors: Boyer Patricia , Cockriel Irv
Published: March 2023

Female faculty overall, submitted fewer proposals and had fewer proposals funded than their male counterparts.
Women in Transition: A Mission of Service
Authors: Hackney Catherine , Hogard Elaine
Published: March 2023

When women are appointed to leadership positons, they enter existing social groups with established norms, beliefs, and assumptions that guide interactions and relationships. This process is complex for all newly appointed leaders, but it is particularly difficult for those who are different-in ethnicity, race, or gender- from traditional incumbents in leadership roles.
The School Superintendency: Male Bastionor Equal Opportunity?
Authors: Wolverton Mimi
Published: March 2023

The state of Washington provides a model for many states where female participation in the superintendency remains at much lower levels. But what kind of model is it?
Leadership, Women in Sport, and Embracing Empathy
Authors: Hanold Maylon T.
Published: March 2023

Leadership has frequently employed sport stories and metaphor to exemplify attributes and attitudes that leaders should embrace in order to succeed. Competitive sport entered educational contexts in elite British boarding schools for the very purpose of providing training for future political and corporate leaders. As such, the paradigms for leadership reproduced through sport metaphors have held on to traditional, masculine views of leadership. Yet, these paradigms are outdated and do not fit the values embraced by twenty-first century leadership concepts. New sport metaphors are needed. This article begins the task of shaping new perspectives about leadership from the sport world. Specifically, attitudes and practices of high-performance female ultrarunners provide prime examples of the new lessons for leadership, focusing on empathy as one of the
Mentoring and Support Systems: Keys to Leadership
Authors: Johnson Doris G.
Published: March 2023

The descriptive study examines mentoring research in education, leadership, and female career development. Sixty-six female faculty and administrators completed women in leadership surveys. Most respondents believe that hard work, perseverance and dedication are the essential keys to success. Many had a mentor or someone who significantly influenced or supported their career choices. Adherence to non-traditional female roles and a positive attitude greatly affected their career choices and contributed to leadership roles. The respondents answered questions about their professional training and provided suggestions to those aspiring upper level leadership responsibilities
Determinants of women’s entrepreneurial performance: Evidence from Bangladesh
Authors: Akhter Ayeasha , Julfikar Ali Mohammed , Rahman Tanchi Khadiza , Bin Latif Wasib , Mobarak Karim Md.
Published: March 2023

Women entrepreneurship has been gaining a prominent awareness among policymakers in contemporary economics, as it can hasten the rate of technological advancement and economic progress. The objective of this study is to determine the influencing factors of women’s entrepreneurial performance in a developing country like Bangladesh. This investigation is quantitative in scope and exploratory in character. The convenience non-probability sampling identified 250 women entrepreneurs in Bangladesh. The study developed a questionnaire in Google Forms by reviewing the relevant literature on entrepreneurial performance. Email addresses of women entrepreneurial ventures were collected from the digital database to send the questionnaires. This study used SPSS v26.0 to test the model and verify the hypotheses at the 5% significance level. To measure the reliability, Cronbach’s Alpha (α) value of 0.70 or more than 0.70 was regarded as acceptable. This study found that entrepreneurial orientation, networking, opportunity identification, economic factors, and socio-cultural factors positively and significantly affect women’s entrepreneurial performance. These findings could be helpful for the government, non-governmental organizations, local community, civil society, and researchers to formulate effective strategies and policies to grow women-owned enterprises in Bangladesh.
Beam Size Optimization for High-Altitude Platforms to Ground Links in FSO Communications
Authors: Truong Dieu Linh , Dang The Ngoc
Published: March 2023

Free-space optical (FSO) communication has been used in practice mainly for short-distance transmission because it requires light of sight (LoS) between the transmitter and receiver. For long-distance communication, to avoid terrestrial obstacles, high-altitude platforms (HAPs) flying at stratosphere are used to carry intermediate FSO transceivers which relay data through several hops from the source to the destination stations. A HAP can communicate with a large ground area if its FSO transceiver projects a wide beam onto the ground. However, an excessively large beam makes the FSO transceiver consume a lot of energy. This study investigates the problem of finding individual optimal beam sizes for FSO transceivers on HAPs so that the total cost of the HAP network, including the amortization, energy, and maintenance costs, is minimized. An optimization algorithm was proposed and implemented. The simulation results show the network designed by the algorithm achieves a nearly optimal number of HAPs, leading to a low network cost.
Water scarcity and excess: water insecurity in cities of Nepal
Authors: Maskey Gyanu , Pandey Chandra Lal , Giri Monika
Published: March 2023

The world is facing the greatest and most complex twin challenges of water insecurity: scarcity and excess, with their adverse consequences on health, well-being, and developmental outcomes. Against this backdrop, we analyzed the challenges households face due to ‘too much and too little water’. The research employed a qualitative methodology in which data were collected through 40 key informant interviews, informal conversations, and observations during 2020–2021 including a relevant literature review. We note that both ‘too much and too little water’ pose risks to water insecurity. Also, water security cannot be ensured by only dealing with water inadequacy without building a resilient water system and robust institutions. We found that water scarcity has affected other components of water security such as equity, quality, and affordability. Excess water has impacted water infrastructures, degrading the water quality, and risking human health and well-being. The responses to the water challenges were hindered by several constraints such as the limited capacity of the water institutions, frequent leadership changes, political influence, and emerging challenges in the federal context. We suggest timely planning and adopting site-specific innovations to address water scarcity and excess challenges, which include strengthening water services, infrastructures, institutions, and governance.
Teopoietyczno-apofatyczny charakter teologii w ujęciu Włodzimierza N. Łosskiego
Authors: Płóciennik Michał
Published: March 2023

Celem artykułu jest próba przedstawienia rozumienia teologii przez Włodzimierza N. Łosskiego, jednego z najwybitniejszych myślicieli prawosławnych XX wieku. Wydaje się, że prezentowane przez niego podejście jest istotne nie tylko ze względów systematyczno-historycznych, ale może być inspirujące także w kontekście wyzwań ekumenicznych oraz pytań o znaczenie, miejsce i rolę teologii we współczesnym Kościele i świecie. Duchowa świeżość uprawiania teologii przez Rosjanina jest w stanie uwypuklić duchowy wymiar niejednokrotnie zbyt akademickiej myśli teologicznej. Jednak tym, co szczególnie zachęca do poświęcenia jej uwagi, jest postulowany związek teologii z komunią z żywym Bogiem, przeżywaną i poznawaną z jej wnętrza, a nie w formie niezaangażowanego i niejako przedmiotowego oglądu. Teologia, tak jak rozumie ją Łosski, a zarazem jak ją uprawia, jest mistyczna i tym samym teopoietyczno-apofatyczna. Rozjaśnieniu tych kwestii poświęcone jest niniejsze studium.
A CASE OF COMBINED CENTRAL AND PERIPHERAL DEMYELINATION IN A PATIENT WITH PEDIATRIC MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AFTER SARS-COV-2 VACCINATION
Authors: Stella Angeloglou , Aimilios Gkantzios , Ioannis Kourtesis , Nikolasos Samaras , Athanasia Barmpari , Aikaterini Filippi , Jupe Taulant , Natalia Kosta , Maria Maltezou
Published: March 2023

We present a case of combined central and peripheral demyelination in a patient with pediatric multiple sclerosis after the first dose of ChAdOx1-S (Chimpanzee Adenovirus Oxford 1) vaccination. The patient presented with ascending flaccid quadriparesis with respiratory failure that required mechanical ventilation. The lumbar puncture revealed albuminocytological dissociation, was negative for presence of JCV (John Cunningham Virus) in the CSF (Cerebrospinal Fluid) and ruled out other infections. A few days later he developed anisocoria and multiple new enlarging acute demyelinating lesions in the brain MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging). He was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin, corticosteroids and plasma exchange with gradual improvement. All other diseases were excluded via MR Spectroscopy, MR Angiography and serum and CSF laboratory investigations. Seven months later, the patient is under intense physiotherapy and is improving every day.
BENIGN IDIOPATHIC INFANTILE MASTURBATION: A CASE REPORT OF SEIZURE MIMICKING IN A 3-YEAR-OLD INFANT
Authors: Ketaren Retno Jayantri , Margono Jacqueline Tasha
Published: March 2023

Background: Benign idiopathic infantile masturbation (infantile dyskinesia) or also known as gratification disorder is a rare abnormal paroxysmal movement disorder that occurs in children between 3 months and 3 years old. This disorder is characterized by self-stimulation of the genitalia and associated with unusual posturing and movements. Therefore, it could mimic as seizure.2 The diagnosis of this disorder may be perplexing and scarcely reported.
Case Findings: We reported a 3 years old infant with abnormal behavior and posturing with rocking and thrusting movements accompanied by erection and clear secretion from his penis. The episodes were described as hip and knee flexion towards the abdomen, plantar flexion with flexion of the toes, extension of the elbows, clenched fists, and this behavior always occurred while lying in bed. Physical and neurological examination showed normal results. The electroencephalogram (EEG) was within normal limits hence done to exclude seizure as diagnosis. Parents were then educated and the child now does not show any previous behavior.
Conclusion: Benign infantile masturbation is a harmless behavior that is scarcely reported in journals and commonly mistaken as seizure. It presents with typical clinical characteristics and commonly found in females. However, our case report showed that this disorder may also be found in male with additional characteristics such as erection and clear secretion from the penis. To date, there is no exact treatment that could alleviate the symptom other than patient education.
Keywords: Gratification Disorder, Benign Infantile Masturbation.