bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Economic Feasibility and Sustainability Assessment of Residual Municipal Solid Waste Management Scenarios in NSW, Australia
Authors: Dastjerdi Behnam Hosseini , Strezov Vladimir , Kumar Ravinder , Behnia Masud
Published: August 2021

This study evaluates the economic cost and sustainability of treating residual municipal solid waste (MSW) through five waste management scenarios. In the baseline scenario (Bsc), all waste was managed through landfilling, while in scenario 1 (Sc1) all waste was treated by incineration. Sc2 employed anaerobic digestion (AD) for food waste and landfilling, and Sc3 treated the waste through AD for food waste, incineration of combustible and plastic wastes, and landfilling. Sc4 treated the waste using AD, incineration, landfilling, and recycling of the plastic waste. The economic cost of waste management scenarios was estimated by calculating different economic variables, such as gate fees, including capital and operating costs, governmental incentives and levies, and also the potential of employed waste treatment technologies for resource recovery. The results revealed that Sc3 has the lowest economic cost of 238.1 mAUD/year, followed by Sc1 (261.9 mAUD/year), while Bsc proved to be the highest cost at 476.1 mAUD/year for MSW treatment. It was noticed that scenarios employing incineration had lower economic costs compared to Bsc and Sc2, mainly because incineration resulted in higher electricity generation and reduced greenhouse gas emissions. The sustainability assessment results confirmed that Sc3 had the lowest and Bcs the highest total economic cost and environmental damage.
Climate Change Impacts on Rice Cultivation: A Comparative Study of the Tonle Sap and Mekong River
Authors: Sok Serey , Chhinh Nyda , Hor Sanara , Nguonphan Pheakdey
Published: August 2021

Climate change is unequivocal. Farmers are increasingly vulnerable to floods and drought. In this article, the negative impact of climate hazards on rice cultivation in the Tonle Sap and Mekong River influenced by climatic variability between 1994 and 2018 are analyzed. A cohort of 536 households from four Cambodian districts participated in household surveys designed to consider how various vulnerability factors interacted across this time series. It was found that: (i) The major climate hazards affecting rice production between 1994 and 2018 were frequent and extreme flood and drought events caused by rainfall variability; (ii) In 2018, extreme flood and drought occurred in the same rice cultivation cycle. The impact caused by each hazard across each region were similar; (iii) An empirical model was used to demonstrate that drought events tend to limit access to irrigation, impact rice production, and result in an increased prevalence of water-borne diseases. Flood events cause reduced rice production, damage to housing, and impede children from accessing education. The impact of drought events on rice production was found to be more severe than flood events; however, each climatic hazard caused physical, economic, social, and environmental vulnerabilities. It is recommended that sufficient human and financial resources are distributed to local authorities to implement adaptation measures that prepare rice farmers for flood and drought events and promote equitable access to water resources.
Park–People Relationships: The Socioeconomic Monitoring of National Parks in Bavaria, Germany
Authors: Job Hubert , Bittlingmaier Sarah , Mayer Marius , von Ruschkowski Eick , Woltering Manuel
Published: August 2021

Questions about park–people relationships and the understanding and handling of the conflicts that may result from the creation and management of national parks in the surrounding area are prerequisites for both successful park management and sustainable rural tourism development. This paper analyzes the roles that research may play in relation to park–people relationships in the context of the two oldest German national parks located in Bavaria. The different fields of action of national parks are used to identify the potential for conflict, using detailed case studies from the Bavarian Forest and Berchtesgaden National Parks using quantitative population surveys carried out in 2018. The overall attitude towards both national parks is overwhelmingly positive, with trust towards park administrations and the perceived economic benefits from rural tourism being the attitudes most strongly correlated to the overall level of park–people relationships. Nevertheless, some points of contention still exist, like the ecological integrity approach towards strict nature conservation and related landscape changes (e.g., deadwood cover). A comparison over time shows in both cases that the spatial proximity to the protected area negatively influences people’s attitudes towards the parks, but less so than in the past. Recommendations for national park management include communicating proactively and with greater transparency with locals and decision-makers, to identify conflicts earlier and, where possible, to eliminate them. Furthermore, developing a standardized method to monitor park–people relationships in Germany is a must and would benefit integrated approaches in research and management based on conservation social science.
(Non)Environmental Alternative Action Organizations under the Impacts of the Global Financial Crisis: A Comparative European Perspective
Authors: Kousis Maria , Uba Katrin
Published: August 2021

Hard economic times have been considered obstacles for environmental activism by many environmental scholars, yet works, mostly based on case studies, on alternative action organizations (AAOs) during times of increasing livelihood vulnerability show considerable environmental activism. We explain this inconsistency by arguing that AAOs mobilizing at times of crisis opt for direct action, using strategies of citizens’ solidarity initiatives centering on meeting basic needs and sustainability goals and thereby carry on the environmental claim-making in a new way. To this end, we compare environmental AAOs (EAAOs) with non-environmental ones using a cross-national dataset of 4157 hubs-retrieved AAOs active during the economic crisis (2007–2016), in France, Greece, Germany, Italy, Poland, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the UK. Given that EAAOs constitute more than one-third of all AAOs, it is clear that environmental protection or sustainable development are not neglected even at times of economic hardships. Instead, the crisis provides an opportunity to broaden the scope of action for existing organizations that can adopt sustainability activities focusing on alternative practices and lifestyles, improving societal resilience. We further show that EAAOs tend to be informal and, to an extent, more concentrated on contention and protests than non-environmental organizations.
Improving Horse Welfare and Environmental Sustainability in Horse Husbandry: Linkage between Turnout and Nitrogen Surplus
Authors: Baumgartner Miriam , Kuhnke Sandra , Hülsbergen Kurt-Jürgen , Erhard Michael H. , Zeitler-Feicht Margit H.
Published: August 2021

A scientific consultation tool is currently being developed in Germany to assess, analyze, and improve animal welfare on site and simultaneously consider aspects of environmental sustainability in horse husbandry in order to contribute to a resource-conserving and responsible handling of natural resources and the welfare of living beings. To date, no study has assessed to what extent species-appropriate free-range locomotion possibilities are implemented on horse farms and to what extent turnout areas are affected by unwanted nutrient inputs from horse excretions. Using the indicators “species-appropriate turnout” (hereafter: “turnout”) and “unwanted nitrogen inputs in water bodies” (based on “nitrogen surplus”), we exemplarily examine animal- and environmentally relevant aspects of horse husbandry. We conducted 88 assessments on 46 horse farms (n = 2220 horses) to test literature-based indicators of animal welfare and environmental sustainability. We found that the indicator “nitrogen surplus,” used to assess an aspect of environmental sustainability, was mostly a problem in the wintertime (summertime = −4.24, range: −109.27–58.97; wintertime: mean: 12.01, range: −35.19–468.00 nitrogen surplus per hectare, n = 44 farms, p < 0.001), when the horses had a reduced space allowance for free locomotion. On most farms, “turnout” was provided daily for several hours, but in many of the single housing systems, not all horses had the possibility for free locomotion (24.1 ± 20.4% of horses per farm), which is unacceptable in terms of animal welfare. Husbandry systems with a large enough space allowance for turnout (≥200 m2 per horse) were found to be measures with a valuable synergetic effect, providing a resource which is an opportunity both for an environmentally sustainable and welfare-friendly horse husbandry. Demanuring remarkably decreased the nitrogen surplus (p < 0.001). Hence, based on the study, we recommend to daily demanure the pasture or paddock if the space allowance is less than 200 m2 per horse. In conclusion, regarding animal welfare, group housing is favorable, but regarding a site-specific environmentally friendly or even biodiversity-enhancing management, space allowance per horse is a crucial factor rather than the type of housing system. The two selected exemplary indictors demonstrate the need for a holistic and comprehensive decision support system that considers the linkage between horse welfare and environmental sustainability in order to assist peoples’ decision-making with horses under their care.
British Naturalist Laura Roscoe Thornely (1860–1951), Taxonomist of Hydroids and Bryozoans
Authors: Calder Dale R.
Published: August 2021

Laura Roscoe Thornely was born on 6 March 1860 in Blundellsands, Lancashire, England. On approaching age 30, in the late 1880s, she became interested in the taxonomy of hydroids and bryozoans under Prof. W.A. Herdman at University College, Liverpool. Her studies during much of the 1890s were based largely on the relatively well-known fauna of the boreal northeastern North Atlantic Ocean. Around the turn of the century, however, her focus shifted to collections from the species-rich tropical Indo-West Pacific region, the hydroids and bryozoans of which were then little-known. The publications by Thornely on hydroids from the tropical western Pacific, from Sri Lanka, and from the Sudanese Red Sea, the most noteworthy of her works on the group, are still frequently cited. Concurrently, papers were published on the Bryozoa from Northern Ireland, the Indian Ocean, and Antarctica. Overall, she described 70 new species, with 26 of them based on hydroids and 44 on bryozoans; one hydroid species was assigned by her to a new genus. A person of affluent means, the motivation for her research appears to have been pure academic interest; she never held a university appointment or degree. Thornely died on 18 July 1951 at age 91 in Troutbeck, Westmorland, England.
Deoxynivalenol and Zearalenone—Synergistic or Antagonistic Agri-Food Chain Co-Contaminants?
Authors: Thapa Asmita , Horgan Karina A. , White Blánaid , Walls Dermot
Published: August 2021

Deoxynivalenol (DON) and Zearalenone (ZEN) are two commonly co-occurring mycotoxins produced by members of the genus Fusarium. As important food chain contaminants, these can adversely affect both human and animal health. Critically, as they are formed prior to harvesting, their occurrence cannot be eliminated during food production, leading to ongoing contamination challenges. DON is one of the most commonly occurring mycotoxins and is found as a contaminant of cereal grains that are consumed by humans and animals. Consumption of DON-contaminated feed can result in vomiting, diarrhoea, refusal of feed, and reduced weight gain in animals. ZEN is an oestrogenic mycotoxin that has been shown to have a negative effect on the reproductive function of animals. Individually, their mode of action and impacts have been well-studied; however, their co-occurrence is less well understood. This common co-occurrence of DON and ZEN makes it a critical issue for the Agri-Food industry, with a fundamental understanding required to develop mitigation strategies. To address this issue, in this targeted review, we appraise what is known of the mechanisms of action of DON and ZEN with particular attention to studies that have assessed their toxic effects when present together. We demonstrate that parameters that impact toxicity include species and cell type, relative concentration, exposure time and administration methods, and we highlight additional research required to further elucidate mechanisms of action and mitigation strategies.
Positively Charged Amino Acids in the Pestiviral Erns Control Cell Entry, Endoribonuclease Activity and Innate Immune Evasion
Authors: Lussi Carmela , de Martin Elena , Schweizer Matthias
Published: August 2021

The genus Pestivirus, family Flaviviridae, includes four economically important viruses of livestock, i.e., bovine viral diarrhea virus-1 (BVDV-1) and -2 (BVDV-2), border disease virus (BDV) and classical swine fever virus (CSFV). Erns and Npro, both expressed uniquely by pestiviruses, counteract the host’s innate immune defense by interfering with the induction of interferon (IFN) synthesis. The structural envelope protein Erns also exists in a soluble form and, by its endoribonuclease activity, degrades immunostimulatory RNA prior to their activation of pattern recognition receptors. Here, we show that at least three out of four positively-charged residues in the C-terminal glycosaminoglycan (GAG)-binding site of BVDV-Erns are required for efficient cell entry, and that a positively charged region more upstream is not involved in cell entry but rather in RNA-binding. Moreover, the C-terminal domain on its own determines intracellular targeting, as GFP fused to the C-terminal amino acids of Erns was found at the same compartments as wt Erns. In summary, RNase activity and uptake into cells are both required for Erns to act as an IFN antagonist, and the C-terminal amphipathic helix containing the GAG-binding site determines the efficiency of cell entry and its intracellular localization.
Bioprinted Multi-Cell Type Lung Model for the Study of Viral Inhibitors
Authors: Berg Johanna , Weber Zia , Fechler-Bitteti Mona , Hocke Andreas C. , Hippenstiel Stefan , Elomaa Laura , Weinhart Marie , Kurreck Jens
Published: August 2021

Influenza A virus (IAV) continuously causes epidemics and claims numerous lives every year. The available treatment options are insufficient and the limited pertinence of animal models for human IAV infections is hampering the development of new therapeutics. Bioprinted tissue models support studying pathogenic mechanisms and pathogen-host interactions in a human micro tissue environment. Here, we describe a human lung model, which consisted of a bioprinted base of primary human lung fibroblasts together with monocytic THP-1 cells, on top of which alveolar epithelial A549 cells were printed. Cells were embedded in a hydrogel consisting of alginate, gelatin and collagen. These constructs were kept in long-term culture for 35 days and their viability, expression of specific cell markers and general rheological parameters were analyzed. When the models were challenged with a combination of the bacterial toxins LPS and ATP, a release of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-8 was observed, confirming that the model can generate an immune response. In virus inhibition assays with the bioprinted lung model, the replication of a seasonal IAV strain was restricted by treatment with an antiviral agent in a dose-dependent manner. The printed lung construct provides an alveolar model to investigate pulmonary pathogenic biology and to support development of new therapeutics not only for IAV, but also for other viruses.
Public Health Leadership in a VUCA World Environment: Lessons Learned during the Regional Emergency Rollout of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccinations in Heidelberg, Germany, during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Schulze Christoph , Welker Andreas , Kühn Anne , Schwertz Rainer , Otto Benjamin , Moraldo Laura , Dentz Udo , Arends Albertus , Welk Eckhard , Wendorff Jean-Jacques , Koller Hans , Kuss Doreen , Ries Markus
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this work is to share methods used and lessons learned during a comprehensive inter-institutional pandemic disaster response in Heidelberg, Germany, conveying experiences of the regional SARS-CoV-2 vaccination rollout campaign for up to 1,000,000 vaccines in the year 2020. In this volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA) environment, the following five strategic elements were pertinent for institutional arrangements so that specific contributions of the various project partners would be available fast without the necessity of extensive negotiations or information exchange: (1) robust mandate, (2) use of established networks, (3) fast onboarding and securing of commitment of project partners, (4) informed planning of supply capacity, and (5) securing the availability of critical items. Planning tools included analyses through a VUCA lens, analyses of stakeholders and their management, possible failures, and management of main risks including mitigation strategies. The method of the present analysis (VUCA factors combined with analyses of possible failures, and management of stakeholders and risks) can theoretically be adjusted to any public health care emergency anywhere across the globe. Lessons learned include ten tactical leadership priorities and ten major pitfalls.
Report on the First African Swine Fever Case in Greece
Authors: Brellou Georgia D. , Tassis Panagiotis D. , Apostolopoulou Emmanouela P. , Fortomaris Paschalis D. , Leontides Leonidas S. , Papadopoulos Georgios A. , Tzika Eleni D.
Published: August 2021

African swine fever (ASF) poses a major threat to swine health and welfare worldwide. After several European countries have reported cases of ASF, Greece confirmed officially the first positive case on 5 February 2020. The owner of a backyard farm in Nikoklia, a village in Serres regional unit, Central Macedonia, reported a loss of appetite, weakness, dyspnea, and the sudden death of 6 domestic pigs. Necropsy was performed in one gilt and findings were compatible with acute to subacute septicemic disease. Predominantly, hyperemic enlargement of spleen and lymph node enlargement and/or hemorrhage were observed. Description of vague clinical signs by the farmer suggested a limited resemblance to ASF-acute infection. However, the disease could not be ruled out once septicemic condition including splenomegaly, was diagnosed macroscopically at necropsy. In addition, considering the farm’s location near to ASF protection zones, a further diagnostic investigation followed. Confirmation of the disease was obtained using a series of diagnostic tests on several tissue samples. Further clinical, molecular, and epidemiologic evaluation of the farm was performed. According to the contingency plan, authorities euthanized all 31 pigs on the farm, whilst blood testing revealed ASF virus infection. Further emergency measures were implemented to contain the spread of the disease.
Synthesis and Characterization of Sr-Doped ZnSe Nanoparticles for Catalytic and Biological Activities
Authors: Beena V. , Rayar S. L. , Ajitha S. , Ahmad Awais , Albaqami Munirah D. , Alsabar Fatmah Ahmed Ali , Sillanpää Mika
Published: August 2021

The development of cost-effective and ecofriendly approaches toward water purification and antibacterial activity is a hot research topic in this era. Purposely, strontium-doped zinc selenide (Sr-doped ZnSe) nanoparticles, with different molar ratios of Sr2+ cations (0.01, 0.05, and 0.1), were prepared via the co-precipitation method, in which sodium borohydride (NaBH4) and 2-mercaptoethanol were employed as reducing and stabilizing agents, respectively. The ZnSe cubic structure expanded by Sr2+ cations was indicated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The absorption of the chemical compounds on the surface was observed via Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The optical orientation was measured by ultraviolet–visible diffused reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS) analysis. The surface area, morphology, and elemental purity were analyzed using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analyses. The oxidation state and valency of the synthesized nanoparticles were analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Sr-doped ZnSe nanoparticles were investigated for photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange (MO), and their antibacterial potential was investigated against different bacterial strains. The antibacterial activity examined against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli implied the excellent biological activity of the nanoparticles. Moreover, the Sr-doped ZnSe nanoparticles were evaluated by the successful degradation of methyl orange under visible light irradiation. Therefore, Sr-doped ZnSe nanoparticles have tremendous potential in biological and water remediation fields.
Geochemical Implication of Chemical Composition of Mineral Water (Bottled Water) Produced Near Mt. Baekdu (Changbai), Northeast China
Authors: Lee Seung-Gu , Koh Dong-Chan , Ha Kyoochul , Ko Kyung-Seok , Lee Youn Soo , Jung Youn-Young , Cheng Zhihui , Chen Shuang-Shuang
Published: August 2021

Two kinds of bottled mineral water from wells located in the northern (Baeksansu, BSS) and southern (Baekdusansu, BDS) areas near Mt. Baekdu (Changbai) were collected in order to monitor the chemical compositions of the groundwater near a potential volcanic area. The bottled water was produced between August 2014 and June 2017, and corresponds to the Na-HCO3 water type. The trend in variation of each chemical component between the two bottled waters was different. The BDS bottled water from the southern area of Mt. Baekdu showed a dramatic change in chemical composition during the study period, whereas the BSS bottled water from the northern area did not show any significant change in chemical composition. In particular, the BDS bottled water showed either systematic increases or decreases of chemical components relative to the Cl concentrations. However, the BSS bottled water did not show such trends. It was confirmed that the chemical composition in the groundwater was constant, even though the monitoring period lasted for about two years. Our data indicate that it may be possible to use the chemical composition of the bottle water produced from the groundwater in the volcanic area as a proxy for monitoring the geochemical environmental change of the groundwater aquifer.
Experimental Investigation on the Operating Characteristics of Flat-Plate CLPHP for PEMFC Cooling
Authors: Li Yuyang , Chang Guofeng , Zhao Wang
Published: August 2021

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) generates electricity through hydrogen and oxygen chemical reaction with the generation of much heat. According to the working temperature of PEMFC, the thermal resistance and internal relative pressure change of the flat-plate micro closed-loop pulsating heat pipe (CLPHP) are tested and analyzed at different filling ratios, vacuum degrees, and inclination angles, whose working medium is binary methanol-deionized water with a mass ratio of 5:1. The experiment results show that the higher the vacuum degree is, the better the startup and heat transfer performance of CLPHP become; the thermal resistance is less sensitive to inclination angle except for horizontal placement; the 40% volume-filling ratio can effectively avoid dry-out at high temperature. When 80 °C is the ideal working temperature of PEMFC, the thermal resistance of CLPHP is 0.093°C/W; the heat transfer heat flux is 1.59 W/cm2, and the temperature fluctuation is small. Therefore, flat-plate CLPHP has great application potential for PEMFC cooling.
Strategic planning as a mechanism of reducing uncertainties in the economic activity of enterprises
Authors: Bukhalkov M.I. , Kuzmin M.A. , Safronov E.G.
Published: August 2021

The essence of the category "uncertainty" in the field of economic activity is revealed, a mechanism for reducing uncertainty in the work of industrial enterprises is proposed.

English version of the article is available at URL: https://panor.ru/articles/strategic-planning-as-a-mechanism-for-reducing-uncertainty-in-enterprise-economic-activities/65694.html
Problems of motivation in small business: questions and answers
Authors: Efimova D.P. , Repnikova V.M.
Published: August 2021

At present, the economy of society can be called a complex system, and one of its main elements is the personnel of enterprises. The results of the activities of most organizations and their experience in working with personnel can indicate that such factors as the formation of production teams, high-quality human resources, improved socio-psychological aspects of management and employee motivation are crucial in the use of human resources for efficient production and competitiveness of enterprises. This article examines the main problems associated with the motivation of personnel in small businesses. Along with that, an analysis of the activities of the small enterprise OOO (LLC) IE "Tokomet" is carried out, the current system of motivation is investigated, the main problems are identified by conducting a survey of the company’s employees and recommendations are offered for solving these problems.
Sport Entrepreneur (Sport Massage) untuk Peningkatan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Desa Jungsemi Kecamatan Kangkung Kabupaten Kendal Tahun 2020
Authors:   Universitas PGRI Semarang, Drifanda Valdyan , Hudah Maftukin ,   Universitas PGRI Semarang, Ginting Rosalina ,   Universitas PGRI Semarang
Published: August 2021

Jungsemi is a village that has a beautiful beach. The village is currently under development to become a jetski sports center. This village also has a takraw club. The objectives of community service are: (1) providing knowledge and theories about Sport Entrepreneurs and Injury Management with a Sport Massage Approach. (2) providing Sport massage skills for prevention, health and healing, and (3) providing skills and opportunities for residents to open a Sport massage business. The method used in this program are lecture, discussion, demonstration, and practice. Activity of handling injury with Sport Massage Approach for the People of Jungsemi Village, Kangkung District Kendal Regency, was held in the hall of Platar Village Hall with 35 people participating. The results of the activities are as follows: (1) residents of Jungsemi Village, Kangkung Subdistrict, Kendal District 2020, realize that Sport Entrepreneurs and massage in handling injuries with the Sports Massage approach, (2) Platar villagers are satisfied with the results of the training and expect training to be held at the stages more broadly about the knowledge of handling injury with sport massage
Peningkatan Motivasi Berwirausaha dan Mutu Usaha Mikro Melalui Pelatihan Berbasis Konsep Magnet Rejeki
Authors:   Universitas Widya Dharma Klaten, Nugroho Arif Julianto Sri , Marjukah Anis ,   Universitas Widya Dharma Klaten, Darmo M Pujo ,   Universitas Widya Dharma Klaten, Setyawanti Dandang ,   Universitas Widya Dharma Klaten, Jati Agung Nugroho ,   Universitas Widya Dharma Klaten, Nugrahani Cahaya ,   Universitas Widya Dharma Klaten, Prasetyo Jarot ,   Universitas Widya Dharma Klaten
Published: August 2021

Self-business micro which can live, survive through generation, and reach the dream is the expectation from the owner. There are many factors which can determine the success of the businessman to fight from the competition. One factor is the ability to respond the internal and external changes rapidly and exactly. The ability to win the competition, the ability to read the situation, the ability to collaborate with other to have a synergy, and the ability to adapt from the competition are the keys toward the business sustainability. This community service aims to test the model of business training based on the concept of ‘magnet rejeki’ which can give a significant influence toward the motivation of micro business. The method of the study is development model by entrepreneurship training that are integrated input by including the businessman on factors which influence their motivation in the beginning of their business, the business motivation training based on the concept of ‘magnet rejeki’, and visit business collaboration and monitoring. The result of this study give the conclusion that the business training based on the concept of ‘magnet rejeki’ is effective to conduct by the proof that there is an increase of motivation to have a business and business profit after the training
Pendayagunaan Guru Sekolah Luar Biasa Idayu Malang dalam Deteksi Dini Gangguan Bicara dan Bahasa pada Anak
Authors:   Universitas Brawijaya, Nurdiana Nurdiana , Mastuti Ni Luh Putu Herli ,   Universitas Brawijaya, Proborini Astri ,   Universitas Brawijaya, Sariati Yuseva ,   Universitas Brawijaya
Published: August 2021

The increase prevalence of speech and language disorders, which greatly affects the quality of life of a child. The role of educational institutions, especially teachers, is needed in early detection of these disorders. Early detection abilities must be based on the ability to understand a child's speech and language development. Community Service Activities are carried out at the Idayu 2 Malang Special School, by providing training to teachers on speech and language development and early detection methods. The method used is the provision of material followed by an examination of the student’s status growth ad development. There was an increase in the teacher's ability after the activity was carried out, which was marked by an increase in the average pretest and postest results: 61.15 to 86.54. On examination of the student's growth status, the nutritional status of the majority of students was found to be good nutrition (61%), but the short stature rate was also quite large (49%). The condition of children with special needs with physical limitations greatly affects their growth and development, so that the role of the environment is needed for optimal development, including parents and educational institutions.
Empowerment Community: Pembentukan Komunitas Peduli Lingkungan Sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Kesadaran Bencana & Kesehatan Pada Warga Bantar Kali Di Kampung Payung Kertas, Malang
Authors:   Universitas Brawijaya, Akhrani Lusy Asa , Herani Ika ,   Universitas Brawijaya, Hany Alfrina ,   Universitas Brawijaya
Published: August 2021

Payung Kertas Village located at Pandanwangi Village, on the bank of the Bango river. The preliminary research showed that the environmental care behavior of residents of the riverbank area is to be low considering. Many residents choose to throw garbage directly in the river, construction residential houses in the Kali Sari watershed, and several indicator of the lack of environmental awareness of watershed residents. Awareness-raising will be easier to do when activities are started, designed, and carried out by communities with social problems. The aims of this community service is to empower communities to solve social problems. The formation of environmentally conscious communities is carried out through a tiered process by encouraging active citizen involvement. The method used in the fomation rof environmental care communities is carried out with a social intervention approach that utilizes action research. Social change is carried out by emphasizing three stages namely the planning, implementation, and evaluation stages. As a result of this community service, a community caring for the environment was formed with the first movement in the form of sorting waste from inside the house, synergizing with waste transport officers, and periodically monitoring and evaluating the implementation of the environmental care movement.
SELEÇÃO OBJETIVA DE SUPORTE E CONFIANÇA MÍNIMOS EM MINERAÇÃO DE REGRAS DE ASSOCIAÇÃO
Authors: Calçada Dario Brito , Sinoara Roberta Akemi , Rezende Solange Oliveira
Published: August 2021

A mineração de dados é frequentemente descrita como o processo de localização de padrões interessantes em grandes bancos de dados. Dada a grande quantidade de dados digitais que estão continuamente sendo gerados e armazenados, a mineração de dados oferece uma solução para o problema de resumir e pesquisar rapidamente relacionamentos não óbvios nos dados. Medidas de interesse são essenciais para a mineração de regras de associação. Como os algoritmos das Regras de Associação podem extrair as regras de acordo com suporte mínimo (minsup) e confiança mínima (minconf), a escolha dos valores destes parâmetros é crucial. Nesta pesquisa, é abordada a questão de definir o valor ideal de minsup e minconf no processo de Mineração de Regras de Associação. As principais contribuições deste trabalho são: (i) proposta de uma medida de Relevância, que possibilite a comparação objetiva de Redes de Regras de Associação; (ii) estudo da relação entre as medidas de centralidade e as medidas de regra de associação minsup e minconf; e (iii) propostas de métodos objetivos de seleção de minsup e minconf ideais, que permitiriam a avaliação de hipóteses relevantes no processo de mineração de dados. Os resultados indicam que se pode definir o minsup ideal com base nas características dos conjuntos de dados, e o minconf ideal com base em medidas de centralidade e redes de regras de associação.
БИОХИМИЧЕСКИЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ СЫВОРОТКИ КРОВИ КРЫС ПРИ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИИ МЕТАБОЛИЧЕСКОГО СИНДРОМА И ОРТОДОНТИЧЕСКОГО ПЕРЕМЕЩЕНИЯ ЗУБОВ
Authors: Деньга А.Э. , Балега М.И. , Макаренко О.А.
Published: August 2021

Моделирование в эксперименте метаболического синдрома и ортодонтического перемещения зубов у крыс привело к развитию гипергликемии, снижению неспецифической антимикробной и антиоксидантной за-щиты организма и, как следствие, к повышению микробной обсемененности, интенсификации системного воспаления и активации перекисного окисления липидов. Моделирование ортодонтического лечения привело у крыс к дальнейшему снижению неспецифической резистентности и одновременному увеличению интенсивно-сти системного воспаления. Проведение лечебно-профилактических мероприятий предотвращало установлен-ные в сыворотке крови животных повышение уровня глюкозы, малонового диальдегида, активности эластазы и уреазы, степень дисбиоза, а также сохраняло на высоком уровне показатели неспецифической защиты – активность каталазы, антиоксидантно-прооксидантный индекс и активность лизоцима.
РОЛЬ МАТРИКСНОЇ МЕТАЛОПРОТЕІНАЗИ-8 В ДІАГНОСТИЦІ ЗАПАЛЬНИХ ЗАХВОРЮВАНЬ ПАРОДОНТУ ПРИ ОРТОДОНТИЧНОМУ ЛІКУВАННІ НЕЗНІМНОЮ АПАРАТУРОЮ
Authors: Гутарова Н. В.
Published: August 2021

Одним із основних етіологічних чинників ризику та патогенетичних механізмів розвитку запальних захво-рювань пародонту являється патологія прикусу або зубощелепні аномалії. Відомо, що високий відсоток ускла-днень, а саме, розвиток запальних захворювань в тканинах пародонту виявляються під час або після ортодон-тичного лікування.Мета даного дослідження. Вивчення матриксної металопротеінази-8 у пацієнтів з хронічним катараль-ним гінгівітом в динаміці ортодонтичного лікування незнімною апаратурою.Матеріали та методи дослідження. Нами було проведено дослідження 34 молодих осіб у віці від 16 до 25 років, з яких 21 дівчина (61,8%) та 13 хлопців (38,2 %), яким проводилось ортодонтичне лікування за допомо-гою незнімних конструкцій. У всіх пацієнтів було діагностовано хронічний катаральний гінгівіт, який виник під час ортодонтичного лікування.Результати дослідження та їх обговорення. В ротовій рідині пацієнтів із зубо-щелепними аномаліями та незнімними конструкціями ортодонтичних апаратів в порожнині рота на початку ортодонтичного ліку-вання були встановлені такі значення матриксної металопротеінази – 8 (1,85 ± 0,09 нг/мл), які вірогідно відрі-знялись від значення у здорових людей без патології тканин пародонту (0,27 ± 0,01 нг/мл), що можна пов’язати, на нашу думку, із запаленням в тканинах пародонта, яке виникає на тлі зубощелепних аномалій та іншої ортодонтичної патології.Проведені нами дослідження показали, що при використанні незнімних ортодонтичних апаратів виникає травмування тканин пародонту і це може привести до виникнення хронічного катарального гінгівіту. Крім того важлива роль у виникненні запальних процесів в тканинах пародонту належить також різним зубо-щелепним аномаліям в порожнині рота.
АНАТОМО-ТОПОГРАФІЧНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ЗУБІВ І ДЕФЕКТІВ ЗУБНИХ РЯДІВ, ЩО ПІДЛЯГАЮТЬ ОРТОПЕДИЧНОМУ ЛІКУВАННЮ У ОСІБ ПРИЗОВНОГО ВІКУ ІВАНО-ФРАНКІВСЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТІ
Authors: Рачинський С. В. , Шнайдер С. А. , Лабунець О. В. , Дієва Т. В. , Лабунець В. А.
Published: August 2021

Проведено стоматологічні огляди 294 осіб молодого віку чоловічої статі до 20 років серед міського і сіль-ського населення Івано-Франківської області. Визначено достатньо значний об'єм видалених зубів у даної кате-горії населення, особливо серед сільських мешканців, який у 3,1 рази більший ніж у міських, та становить від-повідно 651,4 зубів проти 210,8.Спостерігається залежність кількості видалених зубів від виду щелеп. При цьому незалежно від статусу населення об'єм видалених зубів на нижній щелепі у 1,6 разів більший ніж на верхній. Встановлено що найбі-льший об'єм видалених зубів складають 6-ті зуби незалежного від статусу населення, який сягають серед сільського населення на верхній щелепі 51,8 % та 88,6%, відповідно у міського. Далі по порядку йдуть 5-ті, 4-ті і 7-мі зуби. Ікла і різці практично не видаляються. Доведено, що практично у 100 % даної категорії населення фіксуються тільки включені дефекти ІІІ класу за Кеннеді з переважною більшістю видалення 1 зуба (92,3%).
КРИТЕРІЇ ОЦІНКИ ТА КЛІНІЧНІ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ СТАНУ СЛИЗОВОЇ ОБОЛОНКИ ПОРОЖНИНИ РОТА І ПАРОДОНТА ПРИ ЗУБНОМУ ПРОТЕЗУВАННІ У ПАЦІЄНТІВ, ЩО СТРАЖДАЮТЬ НА ГЕНЕРАЛІЗОВАНИЙ ПАРОДОНТИТ У СТАДІЇ СТАБІЛІЗАЦІЇ
Authors: Іщенко П. В.
Published: August 2021

Актуальність. Для успішного ортопедичного лікування патологій зубних рядів необхідно в найбільш ран-ній термін діагностувати навіть незначні запальні процеси слизової оболонки, що з’являються в порожнині рота й тканинах пародонту.Це дає можливість провести відповідне лікування запальних станів на їх почат-кових стадіях і, що головне, в короткий термін. В свою чергу це сприяє скороченню строків адаптації слизової оболонки порожнини рота й спровокованого пародонту до нових виготовлених незнімних конструкцій. Тому що при явищах гострого, а тим більше хронічного запалення ці строки збільшуються.

Мета. Дослідити тканини пародонту на предмет запалення в зоні відповідальності ортопедичних конс-трукцій.

Матеріали та методи. Хронічну запальну реакцію виявляли після зняття старих незнімних ортопедичних конструкцій (коронок і мостоподібних протезів) у 40 пацієнтів у віці від 18 до 60 років. З них 18 (45 %) чолові-ків та 22 (55 %) жінки. Хворі були розподілені на дві підгрупи: основну та контрольну.

Результати. При виділенні основних етіологічних факторів, що призводять до запальних змін слизової оболонки порожнини рота й пародонта при заміщенні дефектів зубних рядів незнімними ортопедичними конструкціями, нами враховані та виділені наступні. Це можливість травматизації слизової оболонки маргі-нальних ясен при занадто глибокому препаруванні при формуванні підясневого уступу, на етапі перевірки коро-нок, ковпачків і каркасів мостоподібних протезів при невідповідності периметра краю коронки або ковпачка периметру коло ясневої частини зуба, при невідповідності довжини краю коронки або ковпачка, що поринає в зубоясневу борозну, її глибині, перевантаження пародонта опорних зубів, що виникає зразу після фіксації виго-товлених незнімних конструкцій.

Висновки: Таким чином, основними етілогічними факторами, що приводять до патологічних змін слизової оболонки порожнини рота й пародонта, що виявляються на клінічних етапах лікування незнімними ортопеди-чними конструкціями у пацієнтів, що страждають генералізованим пародонтитом у стадії стабілізації, були наступні: 1) хронічна травма слизової оболонки маргінальних ясен; 2) перевантаження пародонта опорних зу-бів; 3) механічна травма крайового пародонта, що наноситься при препаруванні твердих тканин опорних зу-бів; 4) механічна травма крайового пародонта, при перевірці коронок та каркасів протезів.
The Effect of Fermentation Time on Protein and Fat Content in The Red Beans (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) Tempeh
Authors: Nur Wulan  , Sugeng Maryanto  , Indri Mulyasari
Published: August 2021

Red beans is one of the local foods that is included in the type of legume and has a high nutrition content of vegetable protein and low fat. Red beans can be processed into red beans tempeh, with a fermentation time treatment that can affect protein and fat levels. This research aims to describes the protein and fat content in fermented red beans tempeh for 3 days. This study uses Experimental Design research using a one-shot case study design, which is to provide treatment time of red beans tempeh for 3 days, each 3 pieces of tempeh / day with each treatment using 100 grams of red beans mixed with 0.1 gram of yeast tempeh Rhizopus sp. Tempeh that has been formed will be analyzed for the nutritional content of protein and fat.The result showed that the protein content in red beans tempeh on day 2 contained as much protein (13.64 grams), on day 3 (13.64 grams) and on day 4 (9.64 grams). While the fat content in red beans tempeh on day 2 is (0.62 grams), day 3 (1.11 grams) and day 4 (1.14 grams). The protein and fat content in red beans tempeh, the longer the fermentation, the more it will affect the nutrients.
La dinámica de la realeza en sociedades de base campesina: el caso visigodo en la Península Ibérica, siglos VI-VIII
Authors:   , Orlowski Sabrina Soledad
Published: August 2021

En nuestra tesis doctoral titulada "La dinámica de la realeza en sociedades de base campesina: el caso visigodo en la Península Ibérica, siglos VI-VIII" planteamos como hipótesis principal que la dinámica sociopolítica de los reyes en el reino de Toledo correspondió a lógicas de funcionamiento de las aristocracias en sociedades de dominación inestable, propias de la temprana Edad Media.
ESTRATEGIAS DE CONCENTRACIÓN Y RACIONALIZACIÓN DEL PATRIMONIO EN LOS SIGLOS XVI Y XVII: EL CELIBATO Y LA CONSANGUINEIDAD DE LOS MUÑOZ DE OTÁLORA EN LA VILLA DE CARAVACA (ESPAÑA)
Authors: Martínez Martínez José Antonio
Published: August 2021

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar las estrategias de concentración y racionalización del patrimonio a través del celibato y de las prácticas matrimoniales de la familia Muñoz de Otálora en la villa de Caravaca. El celibato se presenta como una estrategia en términos de familia frecuentemente empleado por los poderosos para evitar la dispersión patrimonial a través de las renuncias de las legítimas de las monjas y las futuras herencias de los sacerdotes. El matrimonio es analizado en términos de reproducción social y, en el caso de los matrimonios consanguíneos, como una herramienta defensiva del linaje y del patrimonio. A través del ejemplo de los Muñoz de Otálora observamos que las familias de poder en el momento de escoger un cónyuge prestaron tanta importancia al lugar en el cual radicaban el grueso de las posesiones como a la cuantía de las dotes. La puesta en juego de ambas estrategias, celibato y matrimonios consanguíneos, permitieron la reproducción social de la familia, pero no la reproducción biológica de las principales ramas del linaje.
Hubungan ketahanan pangan keluarga dengan kemampuan ibu dalam memenuhi kebutuhan vitamin dari buah dan sayur pada masa pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Palayukan Silvester Gusti Kurniawan , Saragih Bernatal , Marwati Marwati
Published: August 2021

At the end of 2019, a new disease emerged in Wuhan, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China, called coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19). Prevention and treatment against Covid-19 are not enough but must be followed by basic policies, namely strengthening household food security as its focus. The role of women in maintaining family food security is to manage the family economy to buy food needs such as fruit and vegetable nutrition. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between family food security and the mother's ability to meet nutritional needs (vitamins C and E) from fruits and vegetables during the Covid-19 pandemic in Linggang Jelemuq Village, District of Tering, West Kutai Regency, East Kalimantan Province. The sampling method in this study uses a non-probability method with a purposive sampling technique, which includes inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. The results of this study indicate that family food security has a significant relationship with the mother's ability to meet nutritional needs (vitamins C and E) from fruits and vegetables before (p=0.014) and during (p=0.025) the Covid-19 pandemic. The better the family food security, the better the mother's ability to meet nutritional needs (vitamins C and E) sources from fruits and vegetables during the Covid-19 pandemic.
The Relationship between Organizational Factors and Timely Cardiac Catheterization Rate in ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients of Hospitals in Thailand
Authors: Vichairuangthum Kitigon , Jarujittipant Pisamai , Veerayannon Kietchai
Published: August 2021

Introduction: This descriptive study aimed to study an association between the level of readiness of administrative factors and the timely cardiac catheterization rate of patients with acute ischemic heart disease in hospitals in Thailand.

Materials and methods: The target population was 1,180 hospitals that serving heart disease in Thailand. Data were collected by using a questionnaire. A total of 1,022 response data were obtained. The statistics used to analyze the data were frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and correlation was analyzed by multiple regression analysis. 

Results: The organizational factors, which consisted of personnel, finance, supporting, and management factors, had overall average readiness at a high level (x̄ = 3.34, S.D. = 0.27). While budget sufficiency was at a low level (x̄ = 2.43, S.D. = 0.43). All factors were significantly related to the timely cardiac catheterization rate, as follows: management factor (Adjust R2 = 0.442), personnel factor (Adjust R2 = 0.244), supporting factor (Adjust R2 = 0.212) and financial factor (Adjust R2 = 0.091). 

Conclusion: Therefore, the Thai Ministry of Public Health should provide adequate support for organizational factors, especially in terms of budget sufficiency.
Osteosarcoma primario de costilla en adulto
Authors: Orantes Ana , Gramajo Marisol
Published: August 2021

El osteosarcoma es una neoplasia característica de pacientes jóvenes, localizada principalmente en huesos largos. La afectación costal primaria ocurre únicamente en el 1-3% de los osteosarcomas. A continuación, se presenta el caso de un hombre de 62 años de edad con lesión ósea única en tórax. Palabras clave: osteosarcoma, costilla, osteosarcoma de células pequeñas.
Energy-Efficient Resource Allocation for 6G Backscatter-Enabled NOMA IoV Networks
Authors: Khan Wali Ullah , Javed Muhammad Awais , Nguyen Tu N. , Khan Shafiullah , Elhalawany Basem M.
Published: August 2021

This paper proposes an energy-efficient resource allocation framework for the AmBC-enabled NOMA IoV network under imperfect Successive Interference Cancellation (SIC) decoding. In particular, multiple Road-Side Units (RSUs) transmit superimposed signals to their associated IoVs utilizing downlink NOMA transmission. Meanwhile, the Backscatter Tags (BackTags) also transmit data symbols towards nearby IoVs by reflecting the superimposed signals of RSUs. Thus, the objective is to maximize the total energy efficiency of the NOMA IoV network subject to the minimum data rate of all IoVs. A joint problem that simultaneously optimizes the total power budget of each RSU, power allocation coefficient of IoVs and reflection power of BackTags under imperfect SIC decoding is formulated.