bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of zinc doping on structural, bonding nature and magnetic properties of co-precipitated magnesium–nickel ferrites
Authors: Yelai Kannan Balakrishnan , Robert Muthaian Charles , Nandagopal Abinaya
Published: March 2024

This paper describes the electronic structure, bonding nature and magnetic properties of Mg0.5Ni0.5−x
Zn
x
Fe2O4 (x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) nano-spinel ferrite samples synthesized by the co-precipitation method. Spinel structure with Fd

3

̄

$\bar{3}$

m space group is confirmed by XRD analysis with trace amounts of hematite. The results of XRD and FTIR confirm the formation of spinel structure. The estimated average crystallite size ranges from 35 to 59 nm by different methods. The FESEM analysis revealed that the samples have a generally porous aspect. Particle size analysis indicates that the average particle size is approximately 150 nm. Covalent bond exists between the tetrahedral A site – oxygen atom (A–O) and ionic nature exists between the octahedral B site – oxygen atom (B–O) in the two sub lattices of the ferrite unit cell, as determined by the maximum entropy method. Mg0.5Ni0.3Zn0.2Fe2O4 demonstrates high A–O covalency and B–O covalency/ionic boundary based on MEM electron density analysis.
Analysis of microstrip low pass filter at terahertz frequency range in finite difference time domain method for radar applications
Authors: Lavanya K. S. , Vijayalakshmi N. , Preethi S.
Published: March 2024

Terahertz Technology is a promising newer technology for various applications in wireless and radar communication namely tracking and detecting radar targets. The challenging aspect of radar transmitters in the target detection process is spurious harmonic signals that affect the communication path between radar transceivers. The spurious signal can be neglected by a strong filtering method. Filtering is vital in radar transmission to avoid high spurious emission level signals. Low pass filtering at terahertz frequency range (LPFT) in microstrip structure defined in the chapter analysis to avoid the harmonics above the cut-off frequency. In this chapter, the analysis part of microstrip structured LPFT is implemented under finite difference time domain analysis at (0.3 THz to 0.5 THz) cut-off frequency. Finite difference time domain (FDTD) is the three-dimensional approach commonly used for the analysis in higher frequency applications. In this FDTD method, Maxwell equation’s partial derivatives are centred to finite frequency by discretization. LPFT 3D-plot is characterized by the signal factors of the input signal, reflected signal, and passed signal concerning time. Scattering parameters |s11| and |s21| are characterized by frequency and magnitude plots with an insertion loss of 0.3 dB. Full-wave analysis of LPFT is compared with Chebyshev and Butterworth filter at terahertz cut-off range is implemented. The comparison plot of attenuation versus relative frequency and characteristic impedance versus dielectric constant is shown with FDTD results with good agreement.
Powerful Sounds for Troubled Times
Authors: Gribenski Fanny
Published: March 2024

This article explores the role of the organ as a political tool in nineteenth-century France. Under the Napoleonic Concordat (1802–1905), which established Catholicism as the official religion of the nation while placing the Catholic church under the authority of the state, the organ epitomized the political situation of a country marked by the inextricable entanglement of politics and religion. Drawing on a wide range of materials, including national and local archives, instrument makers’ papers, and scientific and ecclesiastical reports on organ building, I analyze how governments and the clergy jointly orchestrated the construction of a metropolitan and colonial network of organs, before turning to the social motivations for such programs—the church and state’s eagerness to establish and maintain their authority over society in the wake of successive revolutions and political upheavals. I consider how these programs resulted in the imposition of new scientific, technological, and musical standards that generated controversies over the relationship between religion and modernity. In so doing, this article highlights the benefits of social history for a better understanding of the organ and its reciprocal heuristic value within broader histories of sound, culture, and politics.
Personalistic Dimension of Ecclesia-Forming Catechesis
Authors:   The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Goliszek Piotr Tomasz
Published: March 2024

The article addresses the personalistic dimension of the Church’s catechesis presented as a process of including children and young people in the mystery of the Church seen in a personal way, as the Communio Personarum et personarum. The personal view of the Church and the personalistic dimension of ecclesial education in catechesis is intended as a safeguard against understanding and grasping the Church in rheistic, institutional, hierarchical, juridical, and sociological terms. It is also meant to open up to anthropological, personalistic and communal dimensions. A new personal quality and a higher way of existence for the person being catechized as coexistence with Christ should be the most important fruit of a personalistic introduction to the Church.
Pedagogical Principles of Culture in Pope Francis’ Exhortation Gaudete et exsultate
Authors:   WSB University in Dąbrowa Górnicza, Borda Michał , Walancik Karolina ,   WSB University in Dąbrowa Górnicza, Jakoniuk Leszek Marius ,   University of Bialystok
Published: March 2024

Francis characterizes contemporary culture as: nervous and violent anxiety that distracts and weakens us; negativity and sadness; hedonism; consumerist and egoistic acedia; individualism; and many forms of false spirituality devoid of encounter with God, prevailing in the contemporary religious space. In many speeches, he calls it a “culture of exclusion”. The Pope’s response to the threats and limitations of modern culture is based on the pedagogical principles found in the exhortation Gaudete et exsultate. The aim of this article is to analyse the teachings of Pope Francis in order to show the need to renew thinking and attitudes in the face of various challenges that arise in religiously, culturally, and politically diverse societies, in the context of the family’s educational duties.
The Protection of Human Dignity in Selected Norms of Civil Law and in Theology
Authors:   University of Bialystok, Mróz Teresa , Proniewski Andrzej ,   University of Bialystok
Published: March 2024

The dignity of the human person is a basic element of humanity, and at the same time a determinant of the moral value of human action. Human rights and personal rights derive from it and are protected by law. Dignity is sheltered by public and private law. In practice, civil law protection of human dignity is of great importance. There is consensus that the dignity of every human being is protected, even those deprived of consciousness. However, the problem arises when it comes to determining from what moment the protection of dignity is granted, whether from the moment of birth or earlier. The issue of the victim’s contribution to the harm caused to him is discussed. It can be noticed that in the science of law and in the jurisprudence of Polish courts, the influence of the teachings of Pope John Paul II on the interpretation of the provisions on the protection of human dignity can be observed.
Theological Dimension of Price and Inflation
Authors:   Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Misztal Piotr
Published: March 2024

The theological dimension of price and inflation refers to a religious or theological investigation of the concept of price inflation. While economics is primarily concerned with the study of inflation as a persistent increase in an economy’s general price level of goods and services over time, certain religious scholars and thinkers have investigated its potential ramifications and linkages to theological conceptions. Some religious traditions place a premium on resource management and ethical behavior in economic affairs. Inflation can be viewed as a challenge to this ideal since it can cause the value of money to erode and cause economic hardship for disadvantaged populations. Therefore, the aim of the article is to present systematized and structured knowledge on the perception of prices and inflation in theological sciences, with particular emphasis on Christianity as the dominant religion in the world.
What to Do with Free Time? The Prospect of Strengthening Societal Security in the Opinion of Polish Theologians
Authors:   University of Warsaw, Smuniewski Cezary , Urych Ilona ,   War Studies University, Majka Konrad ,   University of Warsaw, Składanowski Marcin ,   John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Bado Błażej ,   University of Warsaw
Published: March 2024

The article is aimed at diagnosing the opinions of Polish theologians on the possibilities of parishes as regards organisation of free time of the faithful in order to consolidate societal security. The basis for formulating the presented conclusions were the results of empirical surveys conducted with members of the Society of Dogmatic Theologians operating in Poland (N=64). The test method used was a diagnostic survey, the technique – a questionnaire, and the research tool – a questionnaire form. A nonparametric chi-square (χ²) test and the Spearman correlation analysis were used to analyse the results. The paper is of an interdisciplinary nature. It fits in the area of research pertinent to (pastoral) theology and security studies.
Universal Portable Unit for Hydro-vacuum Dispersion of Metallic Melts: Improvement of the Technological Process
Authors: Sakhvadze David , Jandieri Gigo , Saralidze Besik , Sakhvadze Giorgi , Kuparadze Anzor , Sulaqvelidze Nata
Published: March 2024

The development of the technology and techniques of dispersing metal alloys is important both from the point of view of improving the quality of powders, as well as increasing the volume of production and increasing the economic and ecological safety of the technosphere. Metal powder is an indispensable functional component for many modern branches of industry. Against the background of the growing demands for the production of metal powders, we have developed and optimized a new device for hydro-vacuum dispersion of melts, the essence of innovation and advantage of which lies in sucking and dispersing the melt in the direction opposite to the action of the force of gravity, under 150-200g gravity overload conditions, where the main work is performed by hydraulic rarefaction resulting from a sharp (on 162°) refraction of direction and rapid expansion of a high-pressure water annular flow, with the superimposition of spatial shock- pulsating waves generated in the outer shell of the formed cone-shaped vortex. The device is characterized by high production and low energy costs, while powders - by increased specific surface, improved purity and high activity.
Moisture Sorption by Paper Materials under Varying Humidity Conditions
Authors:   Empire State Paper Research Institute and Faculty of Paper Science and Engineering SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry Syracuse, NY, Ramaraoa B. V. , Chatterjee S. G. ,   Empire State Paper Research Institute and Faculty of Paper Science and Engineering SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry Syracuse, NY
Published: March 2024

The uptake of moisture by paper sheets was analyzed as an adsorption process occurring in a porous medium. Water vapor was assumed to diffuse into the pore space and was subsequently adsorbed onto the surfaces of the fibers constituting the paper sheet. The response of the sheets to variations in relative humidity was investigated. Since the transient moisture profiles inside paper sheets depend upon the moisture sorption equilibria for paper, the equilibrium behavior was investigated with special emphasis on a description of sorption hysteresis. It is necessary to follow equilibrium trajectories inside the hysteresis loop for paper sheets. Sorption equilibria inside the hysteresis loop for paper sheets (bleached kraft linerboard, 290 gsm) were evaluated experimentally. Complete sets of desorption and adsorption scanning trajectories were obtained. Further higher order loops were obtained experimentally. The theory of independent domain complexions was applied to the hysteresis loop. By constructing a so called moisture distribution function for the hysteresis, arbitrary trajectories representing equilibrium sorption behavior under cyclic humidity changes could be predicted. An investigation of transient sorption was also undertaken. A model for moisture uptake based upon diffusion inside the pore space and the fibers in the sheet was set up. Experimental data on transient moisture uptake was obtained under ramped changes in humidity. It was found that the model for moisture uptake incorporating a linearized isotherm could describe the sorption response of paper sheets to ramped changes in humidity adequately. From the experimental data, a value for the intro-fiber mass transfer coefficient representing moisture diffusion through fibers was determined.
ПОТЕНЦІАЛ ДИСТАНЦІЙНИХ МОДЕЛЕЙ ЗАЙНЯТОСТІ ПІД ЧАС КРИЗ НЕСТАБІЛЬНОСТІ
Authors: ГУК Лариса
Published: March 2024

Розглянуто особливості використання нестандартних моделей зайнятості, що розвиваються на базі ІКТ, зокрема дистанційної роботи. Підкреслено, що ті, хто працюють віддалено, завдяки використанню нових інформаційних технологій з доступом до Інтернету можуть виконувати робочі обов’язки в будь-якому місці, що дозволяє зменшити соціальні ризики. Зайнятих, відповідно до їхніх посадових обов’язків і робочих функцій, умовно поділено на три групи: 1) ті, хто зазвичай працюють дистанційно вдома чи в будь-якому іншому місці, 2) ті, хто інколи виконують роботу дистанційно, 3) ті, хто ніколи не працюють віддалено.

Проаналізовано динаміку у країнах ЄС частки зайнятих осіб, які зазвичай працювали вдома, досліджено їхній розподіл у різних країнах Європи за означеними групами. Для України оцінено потенціал дистанційної зайнятості на основі статистичної інформації щодо кількості працівників на підприємствах, які використовували комп’ютери з доступом до Інтернету. Проведено аналітичну оцінку можливостей оснащення новими технологіями і ефективності їх використання на великих, середніх і малих підприємствах України.

Визначено зв’язок дистанційної зайнятості й ефективності праці на основі результатів економічних досліджень і соціологічних опитувань, проведених як в Україні, так і в інших країнах світу. Доведено, що для висококваліфікованих працівників зв’язок цієї форми зайнятості з продуктивністю є позитивним. Кризи нестабільності актуалізували питання адекватної адаптації національного ринку праці до функціонування в умовах невизначеності. Дистанційна зайнятість у цих умовах є інструментом, здатним підтримати соціальну безпеку під час криз і виступити потенціалом майбутнього розвитку національної економіки.
АПРОКСІМАЦІЙНА МАТЕМАТИЧНА МОДЕЛЬ АБСОРБЦІЙНОГО ТЕПЛОВОГО НАСОСУ З ПАРОВИМ ОБІГРІВОМ ДЛЯ ІНТЕГРАЦІЇ У ТЕПЛОВУ СХЕМУ ПАРОВОЇ ТУРБІНИ
Authors: Шубенко О. , Бабак М. , Сенецький O.
Published: March 2024

Вступ. ТЕЦ мають значний потенціал впровадження енергозбереження при експлуатації на тепловому навантаженні шляхом вдосконалення теплових схем й режимних характеристик. Розв’язання задачі з вдосконалення теплової схеми турбогенератора електростанції шляхом реалізації абсорбційного теплового насосу (АБТН) дасть можливість підвищити ефективність використання паливно-енергетичних ресурсів (ПЕР) при виробництві тепло- та електроенергії.Проблематика. Наразі значну увагу приділяють утилізації вторинних джерел енергії потужних енергоблоків, які працюють у когенераційному режимі. Наявність скидної теплоти, яка не утилізується, призводить до зниження ефективності використання ПЕР, що збільшує вартість тепло- та електроенергії й має негативний вплив на довкілля.Мета. Розробка апроксимаційної математичної моделі АБТН з паровим обігрівом (μ = 1,71), що базується на характеристиках реальних термотрансформаторів, і може бути застосована при вирішенні задач з його інтеграції. Дослідити рівень змін матеріальних потоків потужної парової турбіни з інтегрованим АБТН з паровим обігрівом за опалювальний сезон.Матеріали й методи. Використано методи математичного моделювання енергетичного устаткування з використанням інтерполяційних алгоритмів. Розглянутий алгоритм став базою для створення програмних модулів з визначення характеристик АБТН.Результати. Розроблено апроксимаційну математичну модель АБТН з паровим обігрівом для вирішення завдань з інтеграції теплового насосу теплової схеми когенераційних установок. Її побудовано з використанням інтерполяційних залежностей характеристик насосів і рівнянь збереження.Висновки. Запропонована модель АБТН дозволяє оцінити показники роботи когенераційної установки за опалювальний сезон при інтеграції до теплової схеми парової турбіни АБТН відповідної теплової потужності і яка має значне навантаження теплопостачання.
Erneuerungen im Konzept und in der Gestaltung der Grammatikvermittlung im Germanistikstudium und in der Lehrerausbildung
Authors: Kohlmann Ágnes , Soproni Zsuzsa
Published: March 2024

This article summarises the new concept of grammar teaching in German studies and teacher training at the Department of German Studies at the Catholic Péter Pázmány University in Hungary. A new grammar book series consisting of four volumes is presented, which is based on the latest theories of linguistics research, on the results of psycholinguistic research, and on the didactics of grammar teaching.
Form und Funktion von Movierungen und alternativen Ausdrucksformen. Eine diachrone Analyse
Authors: Wich-Reif Claudia
Published: March 2024

The discussion about grammatical and natural gender is reflected in German dictionaries insofar as lexemes for female persons appear more regularly in recent editions. The article compiles the main principles of representing natural gender in the grammar of German with a brief look at actual usage and analyzes the recent edition of an etymological dictionary with regard to the topic. Forms and functions should not only give an insight into the topic as such, but also be a reflection of culture by showing the possibilities and restrictions of female agency in society through time.
Wie werden im Deutschen die tschechischen Aspekte wiedergegeben? Eine kontrastive Untersuchung anhand des Wirtschaftsdeutschen
Authors: Höppnerová Věra
Published: March 2024

In German the category of aspect does not belong to the basic features of the verb. There are a lot of simple and more difficult means how to express the duration of the action. By comparing Czech and German parallel texts of the German business press a lot of means of expressing aspects were found. In specialist literature attention has not been paid to some of them so far. Their frequency in specialist and general language differs greatly. At the same time it is pointed out that there is a danger of interlingual interference when translating.
Offizielle und inoffizielle Formen und Funktionen von Stadttexten aus multimodaler Sicht
Authors: Horodecka Monika
Published: March 2024

Large billboards, advertisements, traffic signs with text, commercial signs or inscriptions on the walls in cities and towns have the form of multimodal texts. They show a number of formal features that affect the functionality of urban texts. Some of them we pay more attention to, others we overlook. Multimodal texts that are located in a certain urban space and help to shape its entirety are treated in the approach of linguistic landscapes. They influence the communicative perception of a certain space and the identification with this space by different social groups. Since the forms of texts in public space determine their specific functions, I intend to show the common and different functionalities of city texts, starting from the formal structure. The analysis is based on the theoretical approach of media linguistic landscapes by Schmitz (2018) and the analysis model by Androutsopoulos/Kuhlee (2021). The text corpus and individual photos come from Berlin and Dresden (July 2021) as well as Warsaw and Wrocław (May/June 2021).
Das reflexive Possessivum svoj im Slowakischen. Gebrauchsaspekte und Funktionen im interlingualen Vergleich
Authors: Popovičová Alexandra
Published: March 2024

The article focuses on the morpho-syntactic and semantic properties of the reflexive possessive svoj in Slovak in relation to its practical application in the standard language. Being a reflexive marker, it is used to express the referential identity of the subject and possessor independently of the grammatical person. Various aspects of reflexive possessivity were analysed based on the occurrence of svoj and its equivalent forms in Slovak-German parallel corpus, which leads to the discussion regarding the functionality and relevance of the reflexive possessive svoj.
Anmerkungen zur Rezension als Gattung in der ersten österreichischen Gelehrtenzeitschrift aus Olmütz
Authors: Voda Eschgfäller Sabine
Published: March 2024

The article focuses on the question of which parameters applied to reviews in the scholarly journal “Monthly Extracts of Old and New Learned Things” (Monathliche Auszuege alt, und neuer gelehrten Sachen) from Olomouc. These parameters and the special nature of the review of a scholarly publication are outlined using a concrete example: A book review of an entomological work penned by Charles Bonnet will be discussed in more detail. In it, the scientist deals with the question of parthenogenesis in the animal world. The reviewer comments on this result in the light of the guidelines that applied to the journal.
Diversidad de ninfas de Leptohyphidae (Ephemeroptera) en el río Quenane-Quenanito, piedemonte llanero colombiano
Authors: Velásquez-López Sara , Vásquez Ramos Jesús Manuel , Caro-Caro Clara Inés , Gomes Dias Lucimar
Published: March 2024

Introducción: Varias presiones antrópicas sufren los ecosistemas acuáticos del piedemonte llanero en Colombia. La respuesta a estresores ambientales aún se desconoce en organismos bioindicadores como Leptohyphidae. Objetivo: Determinar la diversidad de ninfas de Leptohyphidae del río Quenane-Quenanito, en dos periodos hidrológicos contrastantes y su relación con algunas variables fisicoquímicas. Métodos: En diciembre (2014) y febrero (2015) se recolectaron organismos con red Surber en seis estaciones a lo largo del río. Se analizó la diversidad alfa y beta y se aplicó análisis de redundancia y modelos lineales generalizados con el fin de establecer la relación entre los taxones y las variables ambientales. Resultados: Se identificaron 369 organismos pertenecientes a cuatro géneros (Amanahyphes, Traverhyphes, Tricorythopsis y Tricorythodes), dos especies y ocho morfoespecies. Se reporta por primera vez para el departamento del Meta Amanahyphes saguassu. Se registró la mayor diversidad de ninfas en la transición a la sequía y la mayor abundancia en sequía. La diversidad beta señaló que la configuración del ensamblaje cambia a nivel espacial y temporal. Conclusiones: Los organismos de Leptohyphidae prefieren hábitats de corrientes, particularmente en el periodo de sequía, donde hallan alimento (hojarasca, detritos) y refugio para establecerse exitosamente; actividades antrópicas como la urbanización afectan notablemente la diversidad. La alta diversidad registrada en este pequeño arroyo de piedemonte llanero refleja la necesidad de incrementar este tipo de trabajos y esfuerzos de recolección de material de estudio en la región.
Impact of Collared Peccaries Dycotiles tajacu (Artiodactyla: Tayassuidae) on understory vegetation in the tropical rainforest of the Nogal-La Selva Biological Corridor, Costa Rica
Authors: Osorto Nuñez Marco Herminio , Alfaro Alvarado Luis Diego , Chinchilla Romero Federico , Guimarães Rodrigues3 Flavio
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Evidence suggests that herbivores, such as peccaries, shape vegetation structure and diversity through predation, trampling, dispersal, and rooting behavior. Objective: To evaluate the impact of peccaries (Dycotiles tajacu) on the understory vegetation of the tropical rainforest in the Nogal-La Selva Local Biological Corridor, Costa Rica, comparing a site with the absence of peccaries to another with the presence of these animals. Methodology: From June to November 2021, 20 experimental exclusions and 20 free access plots, each measuring 2 m2 were used to quantify herbivory, the number of leaf blades, damaged leaves, healthy leaves, sapling height, and fallen biomass at both sites. Results: A higher sapling density was found in the Nogal Reserve, but a lower sapling diversity, while in La Selva there was a higher sapling diversity, but a lower density of seedlings. Herbivory and sapling height in La Selva exceeded those in Nogal. The exclusion of peccaries reduced seedling damage but did not affect the dynamics of fallen biomass. Conclusion: For the design, implementation, and evaluation of the effectiveness of biological corridors, it is crucial to consider plant-animal interactions to enhance the flow of ecological processes through functional and structural connectivity, analyzed from interactions such as those presented in this paper.
Environmental sympatry through time: spatio-temporal distribution and conservation status of two sympatric anuran species (Leptodactylidae) in South America
Authors: Acosta Rebeca , Alvarez Facundo , Figueira Betto , Castro Cavicchinni Sofía , Vera Rolando , Cruz Flores Daryl David , Nuñez Alejandro
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Leptodactylus latinasus and Physalaemus cuqui are sympatric anuran species with similar environmental requirements and contrasting reproductive modes. Climatic configuration determines distribution patterns and promotes sympatry of environmental niches, but specificity/selectivity determines the success of reproductive modes. Species distribution models (SDM) are a valuable tool to predict spatio-temporal distributions based on the extrapolation of environmental predictors. Objectives: To determine the spatio-temporal distribution of environmental niches and assess whether the protected areas of the World Database of Protected Areas (WDPA) allow the conservation of these species in the current scenario and future. Methods: We applied different algorithms to predict the distribution and spatio-temporal overlap of environmental niches of L. latinasus and P. cuqui within South America in the last glacial maximum (LGM), middle-Holocene, current and future scenarios. We assess the conservation status of both species with the WDPA conservation units. Results: All applied algorithms showed high performance for both species (X̅TSS = 0.87, X̅AUC = 0.95). The L. latinasus predictions showed wide environmental niches from LGM to the current scenario (49 % stable niches, 37 % gained niches, and 13 % lost niches), suggesting historical fidelity to stable climatic-environmental regions. In the current-future transition, L. latinasus would increase the number of stable (70 %) and lost (20 %) niches, suggesting fidelity to lowland regions and a possible trend toward microendemism. P. cuqui loses environmental niches from the LGM to the current scenario (25 %) and in the current-future transition (63 %), increasing the environmental sympathy between both species; 31 % spatial overlap in the current scenario and 70 % in the future. Conclusion: Extreme drought events and rainfall variations, derived from climate change, suggest the loss of environmental niches for these species that are not currently threatened but are not adequately protected by conservation units. The loss of environmental niches increases spatial sympatry which represents a new challenge for anurans and the conservation of their populations.
Residuo de Elaeis guineensis (Arecaceae) como absorbente de combustibles para aplicación pasiva en ingeniería contra incendios
Authors: Aragón Hazel , Calderón-Mesén Paula , Mata-Segreda Julio F.
Published: March 2024

Introducción: Los vertidos de líquidos inflamables pueden producir accidentes graves, principalmente en plantas industriales y en carretera. Para prevenir la dispersión de derrames, se utilizan diversas formas de recolecta, como la absorción con sólidos porosos. Residuos agroindustriales pueden ser aprovechados como materiales sorbentes de líquidos inflamables. Objetivo: Determinar la capacidad de absorción de las biomasas residuales del pedúnculo de la palma aceitera (Elaeis guineensis) y del endocarpio del fruto de coyol (Acrocomia sp.) para cuatro líquidos orgánicos inflamables. Métodos: Las biomasas residuales de E. guineensis y de Acrocomia sp. se evaluaron como sorbentes para combustibles derramados (diésel, queroseno de aviación, queroseno comercial y gasolina). Se midió la cantidad de líquido absorbida por las biomasas a 24 ºC durante una semana, y su cinética de desorción a 50 ºC, usando balanzas de secado. Resultados: La propiedad sorbente del material de Acrocomia sp. no fue satisfactoria, comparada con el pedúnculo de E. guineensis, debido a diferencias en arquitectura residual del material orgánico. Esta última biomasa muestra una capacidad de absorción para los combustibles de 2.4 ± 0.2 cm3 g-1 a 24 ºC. La diatomita absorbe mayor cantidad de los combustibles estudiados, pero la difusión de estos fluidos a 50 ºC por la matriz mineral es solo 0.26 ± 0.09 veces lo observado para el material de E. guineensis, como resultado del mayor grado de tortuosidad de los poros de la diatomita. Conclusiones: El pedúnculo de palma aceitera (E. guineensis) mostró un adecuado potencial desempeño para la aplicación pasiva en la mitigación de los riesgos de incendio, con respecto a la diatomita. El endocarpio del fruto de Acrocomia sp. no resultó útil para esta operación de recuperación.
Investigating Costa Rican English Teachers’ Attitudes Towards Their Native or Non-native Pronunciation:
Authors: Ortiz-Gómez Saiden
Published: March 2024

Pronunciation plays a fundamental role on non-native English speaker teachers’ (NNESTs) communication, and some may even think that by having a native accent they could be better instructors. Thus, to analyze and ascertain educators’ view on pronuncia- tion and how it affects their performance, this study has focused on 23 elementary and high school teachers working in Circuit 03, Dirección Regional de Educación de Guápiles. A cross-sectional survey design, which employs a web-based questionnaire with different closed-ended, semi-closed-ended, and open-ended questions, is utilized. The results have shown that there is a rooted idea that the American and British accents must be used by both educators and their students, which reflects native-speakerism. Even though there was a high degree of satisfaction among these teachers when rating their accent, a small percentage felt that it did influence their desire to communicate or avoid any exchange with other speakers. Moreover, a certain percentage of English as a Foreign Language teachers also believed that their pronunciation affected their performance when commu- nicating in different environments, mainly in trainings.
The relationship between digital development and economic growth in the European Union
Authors: Török László
Published: March 2024

Numerous studies have proven that digital development positively affects economic growth. This study aims to confirm or refute the positive impact of digital evolution on economic growth by applying the dimensions of the International Digital Economy and Society Index (I-DESI). The analysis refers to the period 2015–2020 of the European Union member states. The study's novelty is that the I-DESI index has yet to be used in research to investigate the relationship between the digital transition and GDP production. The present study, therefore, goes one step further than the previous typical DESI-GDP models. The research uses Pearson correlation and F-statistic analysis to show the relationship between the variables. The study confirms that digital development has positively impacted the economic growth of EU member states. This result was confirmed by both Pearson and Spearman correlation. However, the results are ambivalent. The empirical results indicate that the more digitally developed member countries had a higher GDP per capita. However, the positive effect is different. The results confirm that the development of digitalization and GDP increased more dynamically in the more digitally developed EU member states than in the less developed member states. Therefore, an increase in the backwardness of the less developed member countries and not a catch-up can be observed in the period under review.
Świadczenia nienależnie pobrane w obszarze pomocy społecznej
Authors: Jarosz Karolina , Kęska Marcin , Młyński Józef
Published: March 2024

Streszczenie: Artykuł analizuje i przedstawia pojęcie świadczeń nienależnie pobranych w obszarze pomocy społecznej na gruncie ustaw o pomocy społecznej, o świadczeniach rodzinnych, o pomocy państwa w wychowaniu dzieci oraz o pomocy osobom uprawnionym do alimentów w celu zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa socjalnego w Polsce. Zostały także wskazane przesłanki które odróżniają świadczenia nienależnie pobrane od powszechnie znanego świadczenia nienależnego uregulowanego w kodeksie cywilnym. W treści artykułu przedstawione zostały także stanowiska judykatury dotyczące świadczeń nienależnie pobranych w kontekście każdej z omawianych ustaw.
Republika Czeska wobec uchodźców z Ukrainy po 24 lutego 2022 roku
Authors: Koźbiał Krzysztof
Published: March 2024

Republika Czeska była jednym z tych państw europejskiej, do którego po agresji rosyjskiej na Ukrainę z 24 lutego 2022 r. przybywali uchodźcy z Ukrainy. Byli oni już wcześniej obecni w Czechach, lecz pod koniec lutego 2022 r. można mówić już o masowym napływie.

Zarówno czeski rząd jak i czeskie społeczeństwo wykazały się solidarnością z narodem ukraińskim udzielając przybyszom szerokiej pomocy humanitarnej, dotyczącej m.in. środków pieniężnych czy związanej z zamieszkaniem. Napływający Ukraińcy okazali się również ważnym elementem czeskiego rynku pracy, zatrudnienie na nim (pod koniec października 2022 r.) znalazło ok. 100 tys. uchodźców. W wyniku konfliktu i napływu uchodźców do Czech na pozytywne zmieniło się nastawienie społeczeństwa czeskiego wobec Ukraińców.

W pracy nad tekstem posłużono się metodami badawczymi typowymi dla nauk o polityce i administracji: metodą analizy instytucjonalno-prawnej, analizą danych zastanych jak i metodą analizy historycznej.
Dychotomia działań Polski wobec imigrantów na granicach zewnętrznych Unii Europejskiej od 2021 roku
Authors: Moraczewska Anna
Published: March 2024

Wschodnia granica Polski stanowiąca odcinki zewnętrznych granic Unii Europejskiej została w niemal podobnym okresie narażone na intensywny napływ imigrantów. Zjawiska te wynikały z innych przyczyn, a czynnikiem łączącym je był człowiek poszukujący bezpiecznego miejsca do życia. Od połowy 2021 r. granica polsko-białoruska została poddana zorganizowanemu napływowi imigrantów, chcących w sposób nielegalny przekroczyć granicę. Natomiast po ataku Rosji na Ukrainę granica polsko-ukraińska napotkała masowy napływ uciekinierów wojennych. Rząd  Polski zastosowała dwie różne taktyki zarządzania sytuacjami na poszczególnych granicach wobec presji migracyjnej. Artykuł przedstawia te różnice i stara się wyjaśnić ich przyczynę.
Społeczne i ekonomiczne skutki wojny w Ukrainie. Casus Ukrainy i Federacji Rosyjskiej
Authors: Walkowski Maciej
Published: March 2024

Wojna w Ukrainie stanowi przedmiot wielu analiz i komentarzy, najczęściej skupiających się na jej militarnym i geopolitycznym wymiarze. W mniejszym stopniu uwagę przykuwa jej kontekst ekonomiczny, społeczny i finansowy. Prezentowany artykuł stanowi część rozważań autorskich poświęconych przyczynom i skutkom wojny w odniesieniu do ww. aspektów i wymiaru regionalnego, a konkretnie państw bezpośrednio w niej uczestniczących: Ukrainy i Federacji Rosyjskiej. Uzasadnienie wyboru ww. państw wydaje się być logiczne i wynika z potrzeby skupienia się na głównych aktorach działań wojennych, w których konkretna rzeczywistość ekonomiczna spowodowana wojną może wymuszać zmiany społeczne i polityczne, skutkujące przerwaniem lub nasileniem działań na froncie. Takie ujęcie problemu wnosi w opinii autora wartość dodaną dla podjętej problematyki. Celem badawczym prezentowanej analizy jest wskazanie konkretnych skutków makroekonomicznych i społecznych wojny w wymienionych gospodarkach i społeczeństwach, z próbą udzielenia odpowiedzi na kluczowe pytania: która z analizowanych gospodarek i dlaczego ucierpiała w wyniku wojny i jej konsekwencji najbardziej? oraz jakie są przejawy kryzysu wywołanego wojną oraz dalsze perspektywy rozwoju sytuacji społecznej i ekonomicznej w analizowanych państwach? W trakcie prowadzonych badań posłużono się metodą analizy przyczynowo-skutkowej oraz instytucjonalno-prawnej. Wykorzystano też elementy metody decyzyjnej, komparatystycznej oraz badań statystycznych. Przy tworzeniu konkluzji i rekomendacji zawartych w zakończeniu, korzystano z metody eksploracyjnej, łączącej w sobie wnioskowanie prognostyczne z badaniami teraźniejszości.
α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibiting effects of Canna edulis Ker Gawl rhizome
Authors: Van Anh Nguyen Thi , Hong Luyen Le
Published: March 2024

Screening inhibitors of α-amylase and α-glucosidase from medicinal plants is a topic of interest in the world. Canna edulis Ker Gawl is an important rhizome plant belonging to the genus Canna of the family Cannaceae. It is traditionally used to treat many conditions such as gonorrhea, pain, bruises, diarrhea, hepatitis, chest pain and heart diseases. The potential of this plant in the treatment and prevention of diabetes has rarely been documented. This study reports, for the first time, α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibiting effects and the phytochemical profile of the rhizome part of C. edulis.C. edulis rhizome was extracted with 96% ethanol, and then successively fractionated with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and water. α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibiting assays were performed to investigate the enzyme inhibitory activities of the total extract and fractions. Qualitative phytoconstituents were analyzed using chemical reactions. The results showed that all extract and fractions had α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibiting effects in a dose dependent manner. The ethyl acetate fraction exhibited the strongest inhibiting activities against both enzymes (IC50, 45.24 ± 2.90 and 90.09 ± 6.70 mg/mL for α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibiting assays, respectively) and its effects were significantly higher than the positive control (p < 0.05). The water fraction showed the lowest effects. C. edulis rhizome contained abundant secondary metabolites including cardiac glycosides, cholesterols, glycosides, flavonoids, sterol and triterpenes, tannins, steroids, saponins, coumarins and proteins. All these secondary metabolites, except for saponin, were found in the ethyl acetate fraction. C. edulis rhizome could serve as a potential candidate to find novel anti-α-amylase and anti-α-glucosidase agents and to develop supplementary products for controlling hyperglycemia.
Santa Marta y la isla de Saint Thomas durante el siglo XIX: Relaciones portuarias y comerciales entre el Caribe neogranadino y las Antillas danesas
Authors: Elías-Caro Jorge Enrique
Published: March 2024

En este trabajo se mostrará la conexión permanente que existió entre los puertos de Santa Marta en el Caribe neogranadino y Saitn Thomas –Caribe Danés– en gran parte del siglo XIX. Se indica quienes eran los empresarios que comerciaban sus mercancías de lado y lado, el tipo de efectos que se distribuían y los circuitos comerciales que se generaron. Dicha relación tuvo fuertes nexos con el contrabando. Mediante estadísticas se detallan los aspectos mercantiles. Lo importante de este trabajo es que cubre un vacío historiográfico existente, pues no hay obras que antes hubiesen tratado tal conexión portuaria y comercial.
La dialéctica del amo y el esclavo
Authors: Arteta Cristobal
Published: March 2024

La Fenomenología del Espíritu ha sido blanco de muchas controversias: desde quienes opinan que es la obra por excelencia de Hegel hasta quienes afirman que es una obra confusa. En la primera línea está la respetada opinión de Marx, quien sentía una profunda admiración por ese libro y lollamaba “el verdadero lugar de nacimiento y secreto de la filosofía Hegeliana. En la segunda línea está Kaufmann para quien la fenomenología, es una obra incongruente.Hegel, por su parte, en los últimos años de su vida, calificaba al libro como un viaje de descubrimiento y en el mismo prólogo insinúa que es la Odisea del espíritu universal.
Fagocitosis cultural y subversión social
Authors: Pachón Soto Damián
Published: March 2024

El artículo explora los conceptos de ser y estar en el pensador argentino Rodolfo Kusch y su relación con la analítica existencial de Heidegger. Específicamente, analiza la manera como la fagocitación del ser por el estar, entendida de manera dialéctica, puede contribuir al cambio social. Para ello, se utiliza la categoría de subversión propuesta por el sociólogo colombiano Orlando Fals Borda. La pesquisa se realiza utilizando la hermenéutica y la teoría crítica donde la comprensión de las teorías se constituye en el pilar para el análisis de la fagocitación en el contexto de la crisis civilizatoria actual producida por el orden social neoliberal. Como resultado se obtiene que una superación (aufhebung) del ser por el estar se constituye en una alternativa viable en la medida en que permite apostarle al decrecimiento, el cuestionamiento del consumo y el relajamiento y distensión de la velocidad de la civilización actual. Esa fagocitación permite pensar en instituciones que puedan ser absorbidas, distorsionadas o modificadas desde la cultura latinoamericana. Se concluye que la apuesta de Kusch es plenamente complementaria con otras apuestas alternativas actuales.
False croup
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: March 2024

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Staging Participation
Authors: Mokre Monika , Leitgeb Christoph
Published: March 2024

This paper analyzes exemplary art projects including and about refugees, projects committed to both, the arts scene and the community they want to serve. Considering the dilemmas of participation, we develop a conceptual framework: In that, we focus on the "figure of the third", playing a split and ambiguous role within the production as well as in the representation of these performances. Using the concept, we try to explain irony and cynicism as rhetorical effects and solidarity and paternalism as political effects. The framework is applied to investigate different stagings of (1) Charges: (The Supplicants) by Elfriede Jelinek and (2) Homohalal by Ibrahim Amir. In these stagings, participation proved to be overburdened with promises, but also allowed for diverse and partly unexpected results.
The Democrats are at a crossroads and they need to turn left
Authors: McGurk Adin
Published: March 2024

Democrats need to figure out how to get non-voters to the polls and reach the non-college-educated voters that are increasingly voting Republican. Bernie Sanders' policies fight for these people, and the Democrats need to follow his lead.
Migration, Arts and the Negotiation of Belonging
Authors: Clini Clelia , Hornabrook Jasmine , Keightley Emily
Published: March 2024

This article analyses the engagement in cultural and creative practices of people of South Asian heritage in the borough of Tower Hamlets in London and in Loughborough, East Midlands. Both locations are home to a number of community groups engaged in creative and cultural activities and, by focusing on selected case studies, we argue that the arts play a key role in maintaining and claiming South Asian heritage/s in Britain. Comparing these two sites and the activities of key groups located there paves the way for an understanding of the role of the arts in the negotiation of diasporic identities in the UK: these activities and their broader collective engagement offer insights into participants’ experiences of inclusion and exclusion, intercultural relations and solidarity.
No, Sanders and Trump are not Two Sides of the Same Populist Coin
Authors: Baisier Daniel
Published: March 2024

The targets of Trump’s and Sanders’s populisms are dramatically different, making Trump’s populism much more dangerous.
Review Article of Beattie, Peter M. Punishment in Paradise
Authors: Fletcher Jessica
Published: March 2024

Review of Beattie, Peter M. Punishment in Paradise: Race, Slavery, Human Rights, and a Nineteenth-Century Brazilian Penal Colony. Durham: Duke University Press, 2015.
Why Bernie Sanders Should Support Utilizing Expanded Vaccine Production to Advance Democratic Socialism at Home and Abroad
Authors: Bohan Trent
Published: March 2024

The Bernie Sanders platform needs to expand its foreign policy and health care plans to include continued investment in the development of vaccines for other viruses following the COVID-19 pandemic to advance the principles of democratic socialism at home and internationally.
Prognostic Significance of Iron Metabolism and Immune-Related Genes as Risk Markers in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Tang Shijing , Chen Hao
Published: March 2024

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly lethal liver cancer with significant heterogeneity, which poses challenges in predicting prognosis and treatment outcomes. The impact of iron metabolism and immune-related genes (IMRGs) on HCC patient prognoses remains elusive. We utilized The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset to obtain mRNA expression data and clinical information from HCC patients. Through the application of LASSO regression and univariate/multivariate Cox regression analyses, we identified five IMRGs significantly associated with survival of HCC patients. We constructed a prognostic model comprising these five genes. The model demonstrated excellent predictive performance, not only within TCGA dataset but also when validated using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses presented significant variations in functional categories, such as apical plasma membrane and collagen-containing extracellular matrix. Several pathways, including the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway and the calcium signaling pathway, exhibited significant variations among HCC patients with varying prognoses (P < 0.05). Immune infiltration analysis indicated significantly lower levels of various immune cells, immune functions, and immune checkpoints, such as B cells, CD8+ T cells, and TILs, in the high-risk group (P < 0.05). Immunophenoscore results suggested that the low-risk group may exhibit a more favorable response to immune therapy. Furthermore, the CellMiner database predicted anti-tumor drugs significantly associated with prognostic genes (P < 0.001). In conclusion, our findings highlight the predictive role of IMRGs in prognosis and immune treatment of HCC, indicating that ADAMTS13, CRHBP, VIPR1, FCN3, and CLEC1B may serve as potential prognostic biomarkers for HCC.