bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research Advancements in Pharmacological Activities and Mechanisms of Matrine
Authors: Chen Xiaohui , Liu Panpan , Mao Yanni , Wang Guiqin
Published: October 2023

Matrine possesses a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities as one of the primary components of Chinese herbal medicine Sophora flavescens extract, along with fewer side effects and low toxicity. Matrine possesses anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-virus, antibiosis, and anti-oxidative properties and protects the central nervous and cardiovascular systems, immunosuppression, intestinal flora balance regulation, and broad-spectrum insecticidal activities. We reviewed the recent progress in matrine research in terms of the pharmacological activities and associated mechanisms to provide a reference for the wide and safe application of matrine.
Elacestrant for ER-Positive HER2-Negative Advanced Breast Cancer
Authors: Hageman Elizabeth , Lussier Mia E.
Published: October 2023

Objective:

This article aims to discuss elacestrant, an oral selective estrogen receptor downregulator approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in January 2023 for the treatment of hormone receptor positive (HR+) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative (HER2−) advanced breast cancer.

Data sources:

PubMed, Embase, Medline, Clinicaltrials.gov, and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) were searched from inception to August 31, 2023.

Study selection and data extraction:

Clinical trials published in English were included and relevant information regarding methodology and results were extracted.

Data synthesis:

Phase 1 and 3 trials showed elacestrant was safe and improved progression-free survival in patients with endocrine receptor 1 (ESR1) mutations who failed cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor (CDK 4/6i) plus 1 prior endocrine therapy compared with standard of care (SOC) (fulvestrant, anastrozole, letrozole, or exemestane monotherapy).

Relevance to patient care and clinical practice in comparison to existing drugs:

Elacestrant maintains a comparable adverse event profile with other endocrine therapies and offers an alternative to typical sequential therapy which can delay the use of or be used after traditional chemotherapy. Elacestrant is currently being studied in CDK 4/6 inhibitor naïve patients and as a component of combination therapy for first-line use which could lead to future indications.

Conclusions:

Elacestrant gained FDA approval in January 2023 and can be considered in patients with HR+ HER2− advanced breast cancer and ESR1 mutations who have progressed despite therapy with either CDK 4/6i plus aromatase inhibitors (AI) or fulvestrant or chemotherapy.
Primary Rectal Tumor With Extensive Choriocarcinoma Differentiation in a Woman With Lung, Liver and Disseminated Peritoneal Disease: A Primary Rectal Adenocarcinoma With Extensive Choriocarcinoma Differentiation or Primary Rectal Choriocarcinoma?
Authors: Machado Isidro , Martínez La Piedra María del Carmen , Martínez de Juan Fernando , de Alcántara Fernanda-Maia , Claramunt Reyes , López-Guerrero José Antonio , Marhuenda Ana , Melian Marcos
Published: October 2023

Primary rectal adenocarcinoma with extensive choriocarcinomatous differentiation is a rare neoplasm, with only sporadic cases reported worldwide. The prognosis is typically poor, and no standard therapy has been established for this tumor. We report a case of a 63-year-old woman who presented with lower abdominal and pelvic discomfort, as well as rectal bleeding. Endoscopy revealed a rectal tumor. She was diagnosed with primary rectal adenocarcinoma with extensive choriocarcinomatous differentiation, accompanied by liver metastasis and peritoneal carcinomatosis. The immunohistochemical profile demonstrated strong and diffuse positivity for keratin (AE1/AE3), beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG), p53, MYC, p16, and Ki-67. Molecular analysis indicated mutations in KRAS, TP53, and PI3KCA. Despite the tumor's profile, the serum β-HCG level was not elevated. A chemotherapy regimen for metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma was initiated, but there was a poor response, with rapid tumor progression. The patient survived for only 5 months postdiagnosis. We discuss the histopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular findings, emphasizing their relevance to the differential diagnosis of neoplasms with choriocarcinomatous differentiation.
Job Satisfaction of Turkish School Counselors: A Social Cognitive Career Theory Perspective
Authors: Çarkıt Ersoy
Published: October 2023

Building on the Social Cognitive Career Theory, this study investigated the mediating role of goal progress and the moderating role of trait positive affect in the link between work-related self-efficacy and job satisfaction. Employing a sample of 366 Turkish school counselors, results show that work-related self-efficacy was positively linked to job satisfaction, and this link was mediated by work goal progress. Moreover, results show that trait positive affect was a significant moderator in the link between work-related self-efficacy and job satisfaction. Specifically, self-efficacy negatively links job satisfaction in school counselors with low trait positive affect. The present results provide preliminary evidence for the proposition that the strength and direction of work-related self-efficacy on job satisfaction is dependent on trait positive affect levels among school counselors. Theoretical and practical implications are presented.
An Online, Self-Report Version of the Home Falls and Accidents Screening Tool (HOME FAST-SR) to Identify Fall-Related Hazards in the Homes of Older People
Authors: Mackenzie Lynette , DuToit Sanet , McGrath Margaret , Fang Yihong , Loton Carolyn
Published: October 2023

To identify the characteristics of the users of the HOME FAST-SR, to explore the common home hazards identified and to determine the opinions of older people about the usefulness of the HOME FAST-SR. Data from completed HOME FAST-SR submissions were downloaded from the website hosting the tool, and data from participants who consented to provide additional anonymized information about themselves were included for analysis (n = 250). A further link to an electronic survey was used to gather data about participants’ experience of using the HOME FAST-SR (n = 27). Data were downloaded into SPSS and analyzed. Participants had a mean of 11.37 hazards which is in the high-risk category for falls. A total of 12 hazards were identified by more than half of the participants, most of which were modifiable. Participants indicated they agreed that HOME FAST-SR was useable across the criteria, and 57.9% of participants rated the HOME FAST-SR at 4 stars and a further 21.1% rated it at 5 stars. The online HOME FAST-SR is a useable tool that provides older people with an evaluation of their home hazards and information about how to modify these hazards. It also provides a way to make home hazard evaluation more accessible for older people living in the community.
Despotic Leadership and Front-Line Employee Deviant Work Behaviors in Service Organizations: The Roles of Moral Disengagement and Moral Identity
Authors: Akhtar Muhammad Waheed , Garavan Thomas , Syed Fauzia , Huo Chunhui , Javed Muzhar , O’Brien Fergal
Published: October 2023

Research on despotic leadership and its impacts on the behavior of front-line employees (FLE) in service organizations is nascent. Drawing on the social cognitive theory of morality, we develop and test a model in two service settings investigating the direct and indirect effects of despotic leadership on three FLE deviant work behaviors. In Study 1, using a multi-wave, multi-data source research design with data derived from banks, telecommunications, and training/education service organizations in Pakistan, we demonstrate the ecological validity of our constructs. In Study 2, using a multi-wave, multi-source longitudinal research design, we investigated these relationships in hotels located in Pakistan and confirmed the results found in Study 1 and also investigated the sustainability of deviant work outcomes. Cumulatively, we found support for the direct effects of despotic leadership on FLE deviant work behaviors. Moral disengagement acted as a partial mediator of these relationships and moral identity moderated the mediated relationship between despotic leadership and FLE deviant work behaviors via moral disengagement. Our findings provide a nuanced understanding of despotic leadership and FLE deviant work behaviors in service settings. We contribute to the front-line services literature stream by focusing on the supervisor and FLE interaction and highlighting research and practice implications.
20 years of niche parties being ‘fundamentally different’: Party constituency versus mean voter representation on multiple issues
Authors: Bergman Matthew E , Hjermitslev Ida B
Published: October 2023

The literature on the concept of niche parties is rapidly growing. Characterized by a narrow electorate with extreme issue positions or salience and their responsiveness to this electorate, debate remains as to their operationalization and multidimensional behavior. This paper explores the variation in definitions used to identify niche parties or “nicheness” and analyzes their implications for the validity of findings about the strategic behavior of niche parties. Specifically, we replicate a much cited article, which argues that niche parties are more responsive to their supporters than mainstream parties while mainstream parties are more responsive to the general electorate. Using manifesto, expert, and survey data covering more than 81 European parties in the period 2006-2019, we show that this key finding is surprisingly robust to various niche party definitions. Beyond this, we demonstrate that niche parties are more responsive to their voters in multidimensional space, while mainstream parties are primarily responsive to the general electorate. The multidimensional responsiveness of niche parties - to their narrower electorate - ought to be taken into account by future scholars of party-voter linkages.
Winch’s Idea at sixty-five: Its point and implications for the prospects of sociology
Authors: Tsilipakos Leonidas
Published: October 2023

This article demonstrates the underappreciated import and potential of Peter Winch’s The Idea of a Social Science and its Relation to Philosophy, a classic work published 65 years ago. Its aim is not simply to correct misunderstandings of Winch but to rehabilitate the text as indispensable for understanding past and present woes and cementing the future of sociological endeavour. I reconstruct and defend the claims put forth by Winch and then explicitly draw out their implications, which demonstrate the incoherence of the predominant disciplinary self-image that sees sociology as having a method and/or critical thinking prerogative. This problematic self-conception is jeopardizing the coherence and wider relevance of sociology and is responsible for its perennial difficulties in articulating a mode of discourse that can be seen as cogent by the public. A defensible alternative sees sociology as a second-order study of practices that is premised on a conceptually accurate relation to those practices and on answerability to the criteria and abilities of understanding, description, explanation and criticism they afford. This conception can support the reconfiguration of existing forms of sociological inquiry as well as the development of new ones.
Who gets to speak for the environment, how and to what ends?
Authors: Castree Noel
Published: October 2023

Etienne Benson’s book Surroundings (2020) details the emergence and history of the now ubiquitous signifier ‘the environment’. Today, the environment performs all manner of work cognitively and normatively, as Benson shows. His book ends with a plea that diversity be fostered in the immediate environments people inhabit. However, this unremarkable aspiration is foiled by two absences in his otherwise fine book. One is a proper treatment of social power and how, discursively and materially, powerful people and organisations routinely diminish existing environmental variety. The other is the ‘gigantism’ associated with twenty-first century capitalism and technoscience. Benson’s analysis, in the end, misses key drivers affecting the content and affects of the environment as a signifier.
Using the story completion method to explore Australian parent and child responses to online risk
Authors: Page Jeffery Catherine , Atkinson Susan , Graham Caitlin
Published: October 2023

This study uses the story completion method to explore how young people and their parents respond to online risks. During 13 family workshops with Australian participants which utilised a participatory action research approach, 197 parents and children responded to hypothetical online risk scenarios by completing one of seven story ‘stems’. Reflexive thematic analysis of participants’ stories revealed empathy and compassion for the hypothetical protagonists, as well as a range of practical, technical and discursive/communicative strategies for addressing risk. Most participants – especially children – demonstrated a pragmatic approach that drew on a range of practical skills and knowledge, eschewing sensationalised accounts documenting worst-case scenarios. This study offers insights which may inform policy and educational approaches to online safety for adolescents, highlighting a need to move beyond a deficit and protectionist approach to minimising online risks for young people, towards recognition of children’s knowledge, competencies, agency and resilience.
Algorithmic imaginings and critical digital literacy on #BookTok
Authors: Low Bronwen , Ehret Christian , Hagh Anita
Published: October 2023

Despite the growing impact of algorithms on digital culture, and the importance of algorithmic awareness, little literacy research has investigated how algorithmic awareness and speculation shapes cultural production on digital platforms. Developing Bucher’s concept of the “algorithmic imagination” for digital literacy research, we conduct a study of #BookTok, the home of book-related content on TikTok, the most algorithm-driven social media platform to date. Through a multimodal content analysis of 57 videos containing #algorithm and #BookTok, we propose and explore a typology of five categories of “algorithmic imaginings”: critique, defense, explanation, how to work, and exploration of the algorithm. These imaginaries move beyond rational attempts to deconstruct the algorithm and critique its role in platform capitalism toward playful explorations of the human–algorithmic relationship. This constitutes for us another dimension of critical literacy, as producers anthropomorphize technology in a manner that addresses the symbiotic meaning-making of human and machine head-on.
Investigations on compression behavior of fused filament fabricated hybrid biomimetic structures
Authors: Aravind Raj Sakthivel , Pulinat Kuruvilla George , Sau Sumit Kalipada , Moss Pratik Noel , Sakthi Balan Ganapathy
Published: October 2023

The objective of this study is to design a biomimetic hybrid structure inspired by nacre, and conch shells and compare how the compressive characteristics change when key geometric design parameters are varied. Nacre, also known as mother of pearl, has a host of traits, suitable for survival, like its stiffness and strength. Conch, which is a common name for a number of sea snails, possesses a unique cross-lamellar structure which has a tough outer layer to resist penetration from the sharp-toothed attacks of predators, and a nacreous inner layer which can dissipate energy. A novel nacre–conch–nacre inspired sandwich core structure is designed and fabricated with fuse filament fabrication using acrylonitrile styrene acrylate filament according to the ASTM C365 standard for the flatwise compression test of sandwich core structures. Three key design parameters, namely the wall thickness, the thickness between two nacre walls, and the angle of conch were selected and varied to form nine different iterations of this design. An Abaqus finite element analysis was validated by experimental testing using an Instron 8801 servo-hydraulic universal testing machine. The results showed that conch-inspired structures’ compression properties depend on wall thickness and angle. The sample with 2 mm wall thickness and 45° conch angle had the highest compressive strength of 3.62 MPa, while the sample with 1 mm wall thickness and 50° conch angle had the lowest at 2.09 MPa. These findings suggest this structure could be used in lightweight armor, car, and aerospace parts.
The Transmission of Advertising by Word of Mouth
Authors: East Robert
Published: October 2023

Part of the sales effect of advertising arises through its transmission into word of mouth (WOM). Evidence on the scale of this transmission is considered and an argument is made that barriers to the carryover of ad effect into WOM may operate when a category lacks a precise form and when an ad lacks content that can be used directly in WOM. The transmission of the ad message into WOM should be an objective of those creating ad copy and this transmission should be measured in ad pretests.
Talent Development versus Talent Management: Unblurring the Lines for Workforce and Organizational Performance
Authors: Osolase Ehikioya H. , Mohd Rasdi Roziah , Mansor Zuraina D.
Published: October 2023

The Problem

In reference to workforce development for organizational performance, the blurry lines between talent development and talent management have resulted to several HRD scholars interchangeably using talent management in replacement of talent development. However, talent development as an HRD function supersedes talent management. Therefore, to demarcate the existing lines which exists between both, it is important that HRD practitioners develop the required awareness.

The Solution

Talent development is a necessity for efficient management of people. To bring about a fundamental change on the need to clearly differentiate between talent development and talent management, the expertise of HRD practitioners in collaboration with industry professionals, is required to develop new knowledge and models for workforce and organizational performance.

The Stakeholders

Scholars and practitioners of human resource development and other fields within the management discipline, in addition to managers and the workforce across all sectors in various industries.
Cyclical Longitudinal Ethnography as an Innovative Design for Addressing Sexuality Education in South African Rural Farm Schools
Authors: Mavhandu-Mudzusi Azwihangwisi Helen
Published: October 2023

Addressing Sexuality Education among learners in rural schools can be challenging when using traditional designs such as ethnography and phenomenology. This paper introduces Cyclical Longitudinal Ethnography as an innovative design for addressing Sexuality Education in South African rural farm schools. This design was developed as part of an engaged scholarship on HIV prevention in rural farm schools in Soutpansberg North Circuit, Limpopo Province, South Africa. The paper provides an overview of Sexuality Education at schools and the challenges thereof. It further provides the basics of ethnography and its limitation. The paper then introduces and describes cyclical ethnography as an alternative to original ethnography. The design allows researchers to still have a prolonged engagement with the community without gross disruption of other academic responsibilities such as tuition, academic citizenship, leadership, and administration. The design allows the researcher to visit the area several times over the years, enabling the researcher to observe variations of a phenomenon over time. The Cyclical nature of the design allows data collection, analysis, intervention, monitoring, and evaluation to be conducted iteratively. Though there are primary key informants, the findings could lead to other key informants, settings, and interventions which were not part of the initial plan and objectives. In this study, the target population was educators teaching Sexuality Education, but it ended up involving learners, parents, and community members. The Longitudinal nature of the design enables the researchers to see the impact of the interventions.
Chronic illness and psychological problems in emerging adults: Moderation by perceived parental distress
Authors: Kukay Abigail , McKinney Cliff
Published: October 2023

Objective

The aim of the current study was to better understand if perceived parental distress moderates the effects of having a chronic illness and poor physical quality of life on psychological problems reported by emerging adults.

Methods

Participants consisted of 538 college-attending emerging adults (53.5% women; 46.5% men). Participants completed an online study that was composed of questions regarding chronic illness, the World Health Organization Quality of Life – Brief, the Adult Self-Report scale, and the Adult Behavior Checklist.

Results

In both emerging adult women and men, endorsing a chronic illness is significantly associated with psychological problems. Psychological problems in both emerging adult women and men were significantly predicted by the three-way interaction between endorsing a chronic illness, physical quality of life, and perceived maternal distress. Specifically, increased perceived maternal distress was associated with higher psychological problems in both emerging adult women and men with chronic illnesses and low physical quality of life.

Discussion

For emerging adult women and men with a chronic illness, higher perceived maternal distress was associated with poorer psychological adjustment, while lower perceived maternal distress was associated with better psychological adjustment.
Bedside ultrasound in post-anaesthetic care unit for the diagnosis of post-extubation negative pressure pulmonary oedema: A paediatric case
Authors: Pereira Dulce , Pereira Sofia , Neves Clarinda , Segura Elena , Assunção José Pedro
Published: October 2023

Background:

Post-extubation negative pressure pulmonary oedema is a rare, potentially life-threatening complication associated with general anaesthesia. Chest radiography is used as a diagnostic tool, but it implies a non-negligible radiation exposure, a very important consideration, especially for the paediatric population. However, lung ultrasound can overcome this problem and can be used to detect postoperative pulmonary complications.

Case report:

A 16-year-old male was scheduled for tympanoplasty. General anaesthesia was conducted, and after extubation, the patient developed a laryngospasm. On arrival at the post-anaesthetic care unit, the patient started to cough, a pink frothy sputum and hypoxemia were noticed, and auscultation revealed crepitations. A bedside lung ultrasound showed more than three B-lines per intercostal window, suggesting an alveolar-interstitial syndrome.

Discussion:

With this case report, we would like to raise awareness to this clinical entity and demonstrate bedside ultrasound has an important role in the diagnostic and therapeutic assessment during the perioperative period.
Technological sovereignty? Delivering a complete European digital single market
Authors: Lilkov Dimitar
Published: October 2023

The EU does not suffer from a lack of ambition on digital policy. From ‘strategic autonomy’ to ‘technological sovereignty’, European leaders like to portray the EU as a geopolitical heavyweight on digital. In practice, however, the European digital single market continues to be exposed to many of the fundamental challenges that have plagued it since its inception. The ongoing European effort to draft the global rulebook on tech regulation remains a laudable endeavour, but this has contributed little to boosting the competitiveness of the European digital sector. Many European tech companies still struggle to offer their services outside of national borders and expand their reach to a genuinely European customer base. The EU must tackle inconsistent regulations, close infrastructure gaps, promote investment, and facilitate secure, yet speedy data flows. These issues are integral to helping to turn the digital single market into a tech hub for global business. This article puts forward a number of policy proposals for upgrading the European digital agenda as one of the main conduits for ensuring European economic growth and improved global standing.
Cardiovascular risk factors among Cameroonian adolescents: Comparison between public and private schools and association with physical activity practice—a cross-sectional study
Authors: Kamdem Felicite , Bika Léle Elysée Claude , Mekoulou Ndongo Jerson , Ba Hamadou , Obe Meyong Marie Ange Prisca , Fenkeu Kweban Jaff , Moussa Oumarou , Ngono Atéba Glwadys , Mouliom Sidick , Viché Lade , Ngoté Henri , Kenmegne Caroline , Ndom Ebongue Marie Solange , Djibrilla Siddikatou , Dzudié Anastase , Ménanga Alain
Published: October 2023

Aim

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide and physical activity (PA) practice is recommended as the most efficient preventive measure to curse their burden in sub-Saharan Africa. Our study aimed to compare cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) in adolescents in public and private schools in Cameroon and assess the impact of PA practice.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study on students from private and public secondary schools in the city of Douala. Anthropometric parameters, blood glucose, and blood pressure (BP) were collected. PA was assessed using the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the influence of PA levels on different CVRFs. The differences were considered significant for p < .05.

Results

We recruited 771 participants, aged 16 ± 1years, 51.4% female, and 48.6% private school students. Prevalence of CVRFs was 38.4%; 11.5%; 5.6%; 5.4%, and 3% for overweight/obesity, abdominal obesity, smoking, glucose homeostasis abnormalities, and high BP (HBP) respectively. Around 41% of participants had low PA level (LPA). Abdominal obesity and LPA were more common among girls ( p < .0001 both) and 1.3% of participants had more than four CVRF. In multivariate analysis, LPA was significantly associated with a higher odd of HBP ( OR = 7.69; p < .0001).

Conclusion

The prevalence of various CVRF is high among Cameroonian adolescent schoolers. Public policies should focus on prevention programs through physical exercise and the reduction of smoking.
Intention to use PrEP among men who have sex with men and engage in chemsex: an international descriptive study
Authors: Sousa Álvaro Francisco Lopes de , Nunes Ribeiro Caíque Jordan , Santos Guilherme Reis de Santana , Oliveira Layze Braz de , Camargo Emerson Lucas Silva , Lima Shirley Verônica Melo Almeida , Oliveira Sena Inara Viviane de , Bezerra-Santos Márcio , Batista Odinéa Maria Amorim , Reis de Sousa Anderson , Mendes Isabel Amélia Costa
Published: October 2023

Background:

Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a valuable tool in the response to the HIV epidemic, recommended for groups with a higher risk of HIV infection, such as men who have sex with men (MSM), particularly in the context of high-risk sexual behavior such as chemsex.

Purpose:

This study aimed to analyze the prevalence and factors associated with the intention to use PrEP among MSM who engage in chemsex in Brazil and Portugal.

Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study of a secondary dataset from a larger study conducted between January 2020 and May 2021 throughout Brazil and Portugal involving 1852 MSM who engage in chemsex. An initial descriptive analysis was performed to calculate the absolute and relative frequencies of independent variables related to the intention to use PrEP among MSM. A multivariate regression model was developed to identify factors independently associated with the intention to use PrEP.

Results:

Although a high level of PrEP knowledge (85.75%) was observed among MSM who engage in chemsex, the prevalence of intention to use PrEP was only 59.07%. Five variables were associated with a higher prevalence of intention to use PrEP [engaging in double penetration – adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR): 1.56, 95% CI: 1.44–1.69; being assigned female sex at birth – aPR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.12–1.61; cruising – aPR: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.06–1.38; not using condoms – aPR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.05–1.36; and being an immigrant – aPR: 1.16; 95% CI: 1.07–1.25], while having knowledge of postexposure prophylaxis (aPR: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.84–0.98), having a casual sexual partner (aPR: 0.86 and 0.85; 95% CI: 0.74–0.99 and 0.74–0.98), and engaging in group sex (aPR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.73–0.90) were associated with a lower intention to use PrEP.

Conclusion:

The intention to use PrEP among MSM who engage in chemsex was high, and several factors were associated with this intention. Understanding the factors associated with the intention to use PrEP among MSM practicing chemsex is crucial for developing targeted interventions to increase PrEP uptake in this population. The results of this study suggest that tailored approaches are necessary to promote PrEP use in this population.
Academic Leadership Development: An Exploratory Study on the Impacts at the Institutional Level Based on an Erasmus+ Capacity Building Project
Authors: Bich Khuyen Dinh Ngoc , Zhu Chang , Caliskan Aysun , Cheng Zhao
Published: October 2023

While demands on academic leadership in higher education have been increasing, there has been a lack of empirical studies exploring the effectiveness and impacts of leadership development interventions. In addition, recent studies suggest a model of leadership development based on an international approach. Unfortunately, the evaluation of those programs is limited in the available literature. This study thus presents the results of the impacts of a higher education (HE) academic leadership development program at the international level which consist of 12 universities in China and Europe. The project was implemented over a 4-year period, delivered through workshops, training programs, and exchanges. Following 2 years of project implementation, the mid-term impact was assessed through surveys and semi-structured interviews. Among the participants who had joined the program for more than 12 months, 51 Chinese participants and 41 European participants voluntarily took part in the online survey; of those, 21 participants were involved in the semi-structured interviews. Ultimately, the findings indicated that the program has had positive impacts on a variety of aspects, including cross-institutional networking, collaboration, partnership, and HE-related policy development and practices. Furthermore, this study has provided empirical evidence on how an academic leadership development program contributes to assisting academic institutions in broadening their connections, networking, and partnerships in order to achieve their institutional goals of development and innovation. As such, the research findings are useful for policymakers, university administrators, and related stakeholders. Lastly, the approaches taken by the academic leadership development program utilized in the current study can be applied widely in different contexts.
Shadow Banking: Strategies Uncovered, Risks Mitigated and Lessons Learned for the Future
Authors: Mohanty Shiba Prasad , Gopalkrishnan Santosh , Saurabh Kinshuk
Published: October 2023

Non-banking finance companies (NBFCs) have had a rather unpredictable presence, survival and growth in the Indian financial markets. It is rather well known by now that the risk-borne activities undertaken by a few NBFCs raised a few red flags and brought many stable heavyweight organizations in the finance sector to a screeching halt in their tracks. Due to the recent IL&FS and the DHFL crises, one might easily conclude to restrict, restrain and rein in the NBFC sector with increased regulations. Clamping down on the NBFC sector would not work, as they reach out to the nook and corner of the country, with many citizens seeking services from the NBFC sector, especially when they do not find a suitable solution to their credit needs from the formal banking sector. The authors find that some of the basic challenges for the NBFC sector have always been, and shall always remain, to find an ideal mix of capital from varied sources to fund the growing credit demand while being devoid of excessive risk from any one set of lenders. Towards the end of this paper, upcoming challenges for the NBFC sector domestically as well as globally along with its most suitable solutions from a practical implementation perspective have been suggested.
Banaras and Resurrection, 1781 and 1799
Authors: Singh Nalini
Published: October 2023

The political scenario of the eighteenth century in India is well known for its transitional character. The triumph of the East India Company at Plassey had an unexpected impact on the structure of Indian politics. Those who looked for opportunities in the Company rule very soon realised what the loss of power to the British meant. This article studies the factors behind the revolts in Banaras Raj against the Company in 1781 and then in 1799.
Two-Stage Revision ACL Reconstruction with Arthroscopic Tunnel Bone Grafting
Authors: Barnes Ryan H. , Kaeding Christopher C. , Magnussen Robert A. , Flanigan David C.
Published: October 2023

Background:

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is a common orthopedic surgery, and due to the increased number of primary reconstructions being performed, the number of revision ACL reconstructions is also increasing.

Indications:

Two-stage revision ACL reconstruction has lower failure rates compared to 1-stage and is indicated when significant tunnel expansion has occurred or malpositioned tunnels prohibit an adequate reconstruction. In this presentation, 2-stage revision ACL reconstruction was performed with an arthroscopic bone grafting technique of both the femoral and tibial tunnels secondary to tunnel osteolysis.

Technique Description:

Standard diagnostic arthroscopy is performed, and any chondral or meniscal pathology is addressed. The remnant ACL graft and all hardware are removed. The tunnels are debrided thoroughly. Using a modified syringe, the tunnels are packed with a mixture of cancellous bone chips and cortical fibers that have been hydrated with whole blood and platelet-rich plasma (PRP). The patient is placed into a brace postoperatively, and a computed tomography (CT) is obtained approximately 4 to 6 months postoperatively to assess for bone healing. Revision ACL reconstruction is performed once indicated with standard rehabilitation and return to play protocol.

Results:

Both 1-stage and 2-stage revision ACL reconstructions have been demonstrated to have significant improvement in outcomes scores preoperatively to postoperatively. However, 2-stage has lower failure rates compared to single-stage and has a high return to level of play.

Discussion/Conclusion:

Revision ACL reconstruction is becoming more commonly performed, and 2-stage revision is frequently required due to multiple factors. In this video, we demonstrate bone grafting for revision ACL reconstruction for tunnel osteolysis.

Patient Consent Disclosure Statement:

The author(s) attests that consent has been obtained from any patient(s) appearing in this publication. If the individual may be identifiable, the author(s) has included a statement of release or other written form of approval from the patient(s) with this submission for publication.
Care Needs of Parents of Children With Cancer in a Low-Middle-Income Country
Authors: Banayat Aprille Campos , Abad Peter James B. , Bonito Sheila R. , Manahan Lydia T. , Peralta Arnold B.
Published: October 2023

Background: Mapping out actual supportive care needs assists nurses in providing holistic individualized care. This study aimed to explore the care needs of parents of children with cancer in the Philippines. Method: Guided by the Supportive Care Needs Framework (SCNF), this study used an embedded mixed-method design with the quantitative revised Cancer Patient Needs Questionnaire and qualitative semistructured interviews to describe parents’ care needs and priorities. Results: Filipino parents ( N = 156) of children with cancer have various care needs which could be classified along the SCNF categories—practical, informational, spiritual, physical, emotional, and physical needs as ranked from highest to lowest. A number of variables were significantly associated with care needs. Solid tumor diagnosis was associated with greater practical, emotional, and psychosocial care needs; having a child who had undergone surgery was associated with more practical and spiritual care needs; and being within one year of the child's diagnosis was associated with practical, psychosocial, and spiritual care needs. Parent priority needs included (a) addressing financial needs; (b) access to temporary housing to minimize treatment-related costs; (c) support groups among parents of children with cancer as a source of information; (d) financial and social support between members of family and partners of parents of children with cancer; and (e) using prayer to facilitate acceptance. Conclusions: Supportive care needs of parents of children with cancer are important components of care that should be given recognition to enhance holistic individualized care throughout the childhood cancer experience.
Activism, Coping, and Hopefulness Among Parents of Children With Cancer
Authors: Neenan Alexandra , Byrd Michelle , Hoodin Flora , Staples Angela D.
Published: October 2023

Background: Coping styles employed by parents of children with cancer have significant implications for parents’ and children's well-being. To supplement the minimal literature in this area, activism (participation in activities that serve to benefit children with cancer as a group) was investigated as a potential coping strategy. Method: Parents ( N = 67) of children with cancer completed an online survey that included measures of COPE inventory (COPE), hopefulness (Adult Hope Scale), and depression (Patient Health Questionnaire—9-item). Participants retrospectively reported their engagement in activism to benefit children with cancer and to benefit other causes, including actions that were taken before and after their child's cancer diagnosis. Relations between activism, overall styles of coping, hopefulness, and depression were assessed. Results: Activism was positively correlated with hope and active coping, but not associated with depression. Participants reported a significant increase in childhood-cancer-related activism following their own child's diagnosis, with 100% of parents endorsing engagement in such activism. Postdiagnosis childhood-cancer-related activism uniquely explained 17% of the variance in hopefulness after other forms of activism had been accounted for. Discussion: Childhood-cancer-related activism is a common activity among parents of children with cancer that has significant implications for parental hopefulness. Parents who endorse an active, solution-focused approach to coping with the childhood cancer experience may be more likely than others to engage in activism. Further research is needed to clarify the role of activism in the lives of families of children with cancer.
Hydrological effects of vegetation restoration in karst areas research: Progress and challenges
Authors: Zhou Qiuwen , Luo Yingzhong , Shi Chunmao , Li Yuan
Published: October 2023

Vegetation restoration is an important way to improve karst ecosystems. Currently, research on the hydrological effects of vegetation restoration in karst areas has made great progress. However, the results obtained from the relevant studies have some limitations and uncertainties. Thus, this paper summarizes the research progress on the effects of karst vegetation restoration on five aspects: soil moisture, evapotranspiration, surface and subsurface runoff, water use efficiency and utilization strategies, and runoff generation and sink processes. The research showed that the existing studies’ evidence of the influence of vegetation restoration on runoff is still contradictory, with some suggesting that vegetation restoration can reduce soil moisture and runoff value, and others saying it can increase it. Furthermore, the ability of different types of vegetation to recover from water deficits varies across time scales, so focusing on spatial and temporal variations in evapotranspiration in karst regions is important. This article investigates water use efficiency in karst areas, as it is mainly controlled by vegetation types, climatic conditions, human activities and geological conditions, meaning the hydrogeological structure of karst has a very fundamental influence on water use efficiency in that region, we also investigate the effects of subsurface conditions in karst areas on the runoff generation and sink process as well as the type and stage of vegetation restoration, and geological factors affect vegetation restoration. Studies on the hydrological effects of vegetation restoration, however, are based on the relationship with a single element, describing its spatial and temporal variability, and they do not sufficiently quantify the reaction principles. This article also analyzes the problems and challenges in current studies, and proposes a combination of geophysical detection, establishing a dynamic model of the co-evolution of karst ecohydrology and surface karst zone mean with fieldwork to further verify the scientific validity of the results.
Factors Affecting Digital Acumen of Postgraduate Business Study Students Attending Online Learning: A Study in the National Capital Region (NCR)
Authors: Mutsuddi Indranil
Published: October 2023

The global COVID-19 pandemic had created an unforeseen situation across the country affecting normal academics in schools, academic institutions and universities. These had compelled policymakers, academic think tanks, institutional heads, faculty members and others to quickly adopt online mode of teaching and learning in order to safeguard the well-being of students, faculty, staff and their family members from the spread of the virus. However, adopting to the online mode of teaching and learning was not an easy affair for either the student or teaching community. In spite of all the adversities and impending challenges, students had to adopt with the online mode of learning for which they needed to harness and sharpen their digital acumen and technical know-how. Taking this perspective into consideration, an attempt has been made in the present study to have an understanding of what was meant by digital acumen for students studying postgraduate business studies in the institutions located in and around the National Capital Region (NCR) of Delhi and explore the factors influencing the same. For this purpose, the research used a sequential mixed method research design whereby, based on the existing literature and research gaps the first (qualitative) phase, made an attempt to explore the narratives of institutional heads regarding what was meant by digital acumen for postgraduate business study students and what factors influenced the same. The qualitative study led to the identification of three variables, namely support from teachers, support from peers and technical knowledge. During the subsequent quantitative phase of the research, the study explored the influence of these variables on the digital acumen of students based on an online survey among 335 students from the NCR. Data analysis indicates that technical knowledge was the most important mediator of digital acumen among the students. Support from teachers was an important predictor influencing both technical knowledge and support from peers. The variable support from peers has significant influence on technical knowledge thereby establishing the influence on digital acumen of students.
Differentiation of BCMA-specific induced pluripotent stem cells into rejuvenated CD8αβ+ T cells targeting multiple myeloma
Authors: Bae Jooeun , Kitayama Shuichi , Herbert Zach , Daheron Laurence , Kurata Keiji , Keskin Derin B. , Livak Kenneth , Li Shuqiang , Tarannum Mubin , Romee Rizwan , Samur Mehmet , Munshi Nikhil C. , Kaneko Shin , Ritz Jerome , Anderson Kenneth C.
Published: October 2023

A major hurdle in adoptive T-cell therapy is cell exhaustion and failure to maintain antitumor responses. Here, we introduce an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) strategy for reprogramming and revitalizing precursor exhausted B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-specific T cells to effectively target multiple myeloma (MM). Heteroclitic BCMA72-80 (YLMFLLRKI)–specific CD8+ memory cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) were epigenetically reprogrammed to a pluripotent state, developed into hematopoietic progenitor cells (CD34+ CD43+/CD14− CD235a−), differentiated into the T-cell lineage and evaluated for their polyfunctional activities against MM. The final T-cell products demonstrated (1) mature CD8αβ+ memory phenotype, (2) high expression of activation or costimulatory molecules (CD38, CD28, and 41BB), (3) no expression of immune checkpoint and senescence markers (CTLA4, PD1, LAG3, and TIM3; CD57), and (4) robust proliferation and polyfunctional immune responses to MM. The BCMA-specific iPSC–T cells possessed a single T-cell receptor clonotype with cognate BCMA peptide recognition and specificity for targeting MM. RNA sequencing analyses revealed distinct genome-wide shifts and a distinctive transcriptional profile in selected iPSC clones, which can develop CD8αβ+ memory T cells. This includes a repertoire of gene regulators promoting T-cell lineage development, memory CTL activation, and immune response regulation (LCK, IL7R, 4-1BB, TRAIL, GZMB, FOXF1, and ITGA1). This study highlights the potential application of iPSC technology to an adaptive T-cell therapy protocol and identifies specific transcriptional patterns that could serve as a biomarker for selection of suitable iPSC clones for the successful development of antigen-specific CD8αβ+ memory T cells to improve the outcome in patients with MM.
Acute myeloid leukemias with UBTF tandem duplications are sensitive to menin inhibitors
Authors: Barajas Juan M. , Rasouli Milad , Umeda Masayuki , Hiltenbrand Ryan , Abdelhamed Sherif , Mohnani Rebecca , Arthur Bright , Westover Tamara , Thomas Melvin E. , Ashtiani Minoo , Janke Laura J. , Xu Beisi , Chang Ti-Cheng , Rosikiewicz Wojciech , Xiong Emily , Rolle Chandra , Low Jonathan , Krishan Reethu , Song Guangchun , Walsh Michael P. , Ma Jing , Rubnitz Jeffrey E. , Iacobucci Ilaria , Chen Taosheng , Krippner-Heidenreich Anja , Zwaan Christian M. , Heidenreich Olaf , Klco Jeffery M.
Published: October 2023

UBTF tandem duplications (UBTF-TDs) have recently emerged as a recurrent alteration in pediatric and adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML). UBTF-TD leukemias are characterized by a poor response to conventional chemotherapy and a transcriptional signature that mirrors NUP98-rearranged and NPM1-mutant AMLs, including HOX-gene dysregulation. However, the mechanism by which UBTF-TD drives leukemogenesis remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the genomic occupancy of UBTF-TD in transformed cord blood CD34+ cells and patient-derived xenograft models. We found that UBTF-TD protein maintained genomic occupancy at ribosomal DNA loci while also occupying genomic targets commonly dysregulated in UBTF-TD myeloid malignancies, such as the HOXA/HOXB gene clusters and MEIS1. These data suggest that UBTF-TD is a gain-of-function alteration that results in mislocalization to genomic loci dysregulated in UBTF-TD leukemias. UBTF-TD also co-occupies key genomic loci with KMT2A and menin, which are known to be key partners involved in HOX-dysregulated leukemias. Using a protein degradation system, we showed that stemness, proliferation, and transcriptional signatures are dependent on sustained UBTF-TD localization to chromatin. Finally, we demonstrate that primary cells from UBTF-TD leukemias are sensitive to the menin inhibitor SNDX-5613, resulting in markedly reduced in vitro and in vivo tumor growth, myeloid differentiation, and abrogation of the UBTF-TD leukemic expression signature. These findings provide a viable therapeutic strategy for patients with this high-risk AML subtype.