bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reducing behavior problems in children born after an unintended pregnancy: A hypothetical intervention study in the population-based Generation R cohort
Authors: Enthoven Clair A. , Labrecque Jeremy A. , Koopman-Verhoeff M. Elisabeth , Berg Mijke P. Lambregtse-van den , Hillegers Manon H.J. , Marroun Hanan El , Jansen Pauline W.
Published: January 2024

Objectives:
To examine differences in behavior problems between children from intended versus unintended pregnancies, and to estimate how much the difference in problem behavior would be reduced if we had intervened on eliminating postnatal depression and increasing social support within 6 months after birth.
Methods:
Data from the Generation R Study were used, a population-based birth cohort in Rotterdam, the Netherlands (N = 9621). Differences in child internalizing and externalizing behavior at ages 1.5, 3, 6, 9 and 13 years between pregnancy intention groups were estimated using linear regression. Associations of postnatal depression and social support with internalizing and externalizing problems were also estimated using linear regression. Child behavior outcomes where compared by presence or absense of the hypothetical interventions of ‘no postnatal depression’ or ‘high social support’.
Results:
Most pregnancies (72.9%) were planned, 14.8% were unplanned and wanted, 10.8% were unplanned with initially ambivalent feelings and 1.5% with prolonged ambivalent feelings. Children from unplanned pregnancies had more internalizing and externalizing problems at all ages as compared to children from a planned pregnancy, especially when ambivalent feelings were present. Hypothetical interventions on postnatal depression reduced the differences in internalizing and externalizing problems by 0.02 to 0.16 standard deviation. Hypothetical interventions on social support did not significantly reduce the difference in internalizing and externalizing problems.
Conclusions:
Children from an unplanned pregnancy have more behavior problems, in particular when mothers had prolonged ambivalent feelings. Intervening on postnatal depression may reduce the inequality in child behavior related to pregnancy intention.
Rapid and Specific Differentiation of Salmonella enterica serotypes Typhi and Paratyphi by Multicolor Melting Curve Analysis
Authors: Jiang Yixiang , Jiang Min , Cai Rui , Shi Xiaolu , Hu Qinghua , Kan Biao
Published: January 2024

Rapid and accurate identification of Salmonella enterica serotypes Typhi and Paratyphi (A, B and C), the causal agents of enteric fever, is critical for timely treatment, case management and evaluation of health policies in low and middle-income countries where the disease still remains a serious public health problem. The present study describes the development of a multiplex assay (EFMAtyping) for simultaneous identification of pathogens causing typhoid and paratyphoid fever in a single reaction by the MeltArray approach, which could be finished within 2.5 h. Seven specific genes were chosen for differentiation of typhoidal and nontyphoidal Salmonella. All gene targets were able to be detected by the EFMAtyping assay, with expected Tm values and without cross-reactivity to other relevant Salmonella serovars. The limit of detection (LOD) for all gene targets was 50 copies per reaction. The LOD reached 102-103 CFU/ml for each pathogen in simulated clinical samples. The largest standard deviation value for mean Tm was below 0.5°C. This newly developed EFMAtyping assay was further evaluated by testing 551 clinical Salmonella isolates, corroborated in parallel by the traditional Salmonella identification workflow, and serotype prediction was enabled by whole-genome sequencing. Compared to the traditional method, our results exhibited 100% of specificity and greater than 96% of sensitivity with a kappa correlation ranging from 0.96 to 1.00. Thus, the EFMAtyping assay provides a rapid, high throughput, and promising tool for public health laboratories to monitor typhoid and paratyphoid fever.
Desire for pregnancy and fertility preservation in Japanese patients with breast cancer
Authors: Abe Tomomi , Kataoka Akemi , Uehiro Natsue , Yoshida Nao , Nishimura Meiko , Ozaki Yukinori , Kogawa Takahiro , Takano Toshimi , Ohno Shinji , Ueno Takayuki
Published: January 2024

Purpose Data on the desire for pregnancy and the status of fertility preservation (FP) in patients with breast cancer remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the status of patients with breast cancer under 43 years of age who desired pregnancy and FP implementation before systemic therapy.Methods This retrospective study surveyed the institutional clinical databases and electronic medical records of patients < 43 years with stage 0-III primary breast cancer at the time of surgery and treated between April 2020 and March 2021. All patients were enquired about their desire for pregnancy in a questionnaire by ‘present,’ ‘absent,’ and ‘unsure’ at their first visit. The correlation between the desire for pregnancy, FP, and clinicopathological factors was investigated.Results Among 1,005 patients who underwent surgery for primary breast cancer, 146 were included in the analysis. Thirty-four patients (23.3%) had a desire for pregnancy, and 45 patients (30.8%) chose ‘unsure’. Factors associated with the desire for pregnancy were younger age at the time of surgery (p < 0.0022), unmarried status (p < 0.001), nulliparity (p < 0.001), early-stage disease (p = 0.0016), and estrogen receptor positivity (p = 0.008). Among 115 patients who underwent systemic therapy, 13 patients (11.3%) implemented FP prior to systemic therapy. Patients who were nulliparous implemented FP more often (p = 0.0195). The FP rate was lower in patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (p = 0.0863).Conclusions Our study suggests that unmarried, nulliparous, and younger patients were more interested in pregnancy, and nulliparous patients more often implemented FP.
Assessing the impact of drilling methods on formation damage - A case study of an Iranian oil field reservoir
Authors: Taheri Kioumars , Torab Farhad Mohammad , Nguyen Hai
Published: January 2024

Formation damage, resulting from the invasion of drilling and completion fluids, significantly affects reservoir productivity. This study investigates the relationship between drilling methods and formation damage using data from 54 vertical, horizontal, and directional wells. Core plug tests and well test data quantify formation damage. The findings reveal that drilling and completion operations contribute to 50% of observed damages in the reservoir. Parameters such as total permeability, radial permeability, productivity index (PI), average reservoir pressure, and skin index were calculated for each well. Results demonstrate that wells drilled under underbalanced drilling (UBD) exhibit at least 300 bbl/d/psi higher PI than overbalanced drilling. Vertical wells with low radial permeability display the highest PI and average production pressure compared to horizontal and directional wells. Conversely, horizontal and directional wells show higher damage rates and lower PI than vertical wells. Directional wells exhibit the lowest PI at 70 bbl/d/psi, followed by horizontal wells at 150 bbl/d/psi, while vertical wells exhibit the highest PI at 250 bbl/d/psi. These results suggest the use of oil-based mud and UBD methods to mitigate formation damage and optimize well productivity. The authors emphasize the importance of both proper fluid design and drilling method selection in preventing formation damage.
Genetic link between primary biliary cholangitis and extrahepatic autoimmune diseases: A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Chen Changan , Cai Yueqing , Jiang Danxian , Yang Tingmei , Zhou Yu , Ye Shicai , Yu Caiyuan , Weng Yijie
Published: January 2024

Background
Observational studies have shown that patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) have a higher incidence of extrahepatic autoimmune diseases (EHAIDs) than healthy individuals. However, whether this correlation is causal remains unclear.
Methods
Genetic instrumental variables associated with PBC and 7 EHAIDs were derived from published genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of European ancestry. A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was used to determine the causal relationship between PBC and EHAIDs.
Result
We found that PBC can increase the susceptibility to type 1 diabetes (TD1), autoimmune hyperthyroidism (AITD), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), Psoriasis and Sarcoidosis with IVW odds ratio (OR) of 1.35 (95% CI: 1.28 ~ 1.43, p = 1.76×10 − 28), 1.19 (95% CI: 1.09 ~ 1.30, p = 0.00014),1.48 (95% CI: 1.36 ~ 1.61, p = 2.43×10 − 19), 1.13 (95% CI: 1.04 ~ 1.22, p = 0.0030), 1.09 (95% CI: 1.05 ~ 1.14, p = 4.50×10 − 5) and 1.11(95% CI: 1.03 ~ 1.19, p = 0.0064) respectively. Using reverse MR analysis, we also found that TD1 can increase the susceptibility to PBC, with IVW OR of 1.29 (95% CI: 1.19 ~ 1.41, p = 1.77×10 − 9).
Conclusion
PBC and TD1 may be causally related to each other. PBC can increase the susceptibility to AITD, SLE, AS, Psoriasis and Sarcoidosis. It reminds us that we should pay attention to screening for these EHAIDs in clinical PBC patients to improve the patient's survival rate and quality of life.
BiLSTM-CNN Hybrid Intrusion Detection System for IoT Application
Authors: Sadhwani Sapna , Khan Mohammed Abdul Hafeez , Muthalagu Raja , Pawar Pranav Mothabhau
Published: January 2024

Intrusions in computer networks have increased significantly in recent times and network security mechanisms are not being developed at the same pace at which intrusion attacks are evolving. Therefore, a need has arisen to improve intrusion detection systems (IDS) to make network secure. This research focuses on anomaly-based IDS for security assaults. In this research, deep learning techniques such as Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) are implemented and subsequently used to design a novel BiLSTM-CNN hybrid IDS for the Internet of Things (IoT). The hybrid intrusion detection system model is created by utilizing the advantages of both the BiLSTM and the CNN's ability to extract temporal and spatial features respectively. The research uses the UNSW-NB 15 dataset for proposed deep learning IDS for IoT networks. The dataset has been split into training and testing data for classifying traffic into normal or attack classes. The models are run on GPU and CPU to illustrate their efficacy and match real-world IoT network communication behavior. The BiLSTM, CNN, and hybrid BiLSTM-CNN models are assessed on various aspects like Precision, Sensitivity, F1-Score, Miscalculation Rate, False Positive Rate, False Negative Rate, and Matthews Correlation Coefficient to evaluate the model’s robustness. The findings revealed that the hybrid model surpassed the BiLSTM and CNN models in all aspects. Additionally, the proposed model is compared with the cutting-edge existing approaches in terms of different performance metrics and proved to be better than state-of-the-art models.
Abnormal cortical activity in postoperative delirium based on EEG microstate: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wei Conghui , Rao Xiuqin , Wan Wei , Chen Siyi , Ji Xunhui , Tang Simin , Hua Fuzhou , Ying Jun , Luo Jun
Published: January 2024

Objective
This study aims to investigate the characteristics of resting-state electroencephalogram (EEG) microstate in elderly postoperative delirium patients and non-delirium patients, to increase understanding of the pathophysiology and phenomenology of postoperative delirium.
Methods
Resting-state EEG data and clinically relevant information were collected from 10 postoperative delirium patients and 18 postoperative non-delirium patients. The EEG microstate characteristic parameters of the two groups were compared, and Pearson analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the microstate characteristic parameters of the delirium group and the maximal concentration of intraoperative blood glucose.
Results
Intergroup comparisons of microstate characterization parameters found that microstate D duration was significantly higher in the delirium group than in the non-delirium group (P< 0.05), whereas frequency of occurrence and temporal coverage were significantly lower than in the non-delirium group (P< 0.05). Within-group comparisons of microstate feature parameters found that microstate D duration was prolonged and frequency of occurrence and temporal coverage decreased in the delirium group. A comparison of microstate transition characteristics found significant differences between the two groups for transitions from microstate B to microstate D, from microstate C to microstate B, and from microstate D to microstate B (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis found a significant positive correlation between intraoperative maximal blood glucose and the frequency of occurrence (P = 0.01) and temporal coverage (P = 0.006) of microstate C.
Conclusions
Our results suggest that postoperative delirium has an impact on the EEG microstates during the resting-state. Changes in these microstates may be associated with altered cognition and consciousness in individuals experiencing delirium. Therefore, EEG microstate analysis holds potential clinical value for predicting and aiding in the diagnosis of postoperative delirium.
Does a common genetic event exist for familial thyroid cancer? Results from a large family with FNMTC
Authors: Silvia Cantara , Margherita Baldassarri , Carlotta Marzocchi , Katia Capitani , Sagnella Alfonso , Laura Valerio , Antonia Salvemini , Ilaria Meloni , Alessandra Renieri , Capezzone Marco
Published: January 2024

Background
Despite several efforts, the genetic susceptibility of familial non medullary thyroid cancer (FNMTC), has remained still elusive.
Methods
We performed Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) in a large family with 9 available members, 6/9 (67%) affected by FNMTC.
Results
We found two missense variants, with CADD score > 20: the c.C1519A (p.Pro507Thr, rs773271544) in PRKCɛ gene and the c.G1019A (p.R340Q) in CCZ1B gene. These alterations were absent in healthy subjects (n = 40) and in 30 sporadic thyroid cancer patients. The p.P507T was possibly pathogenetic by SIFT and PRKCɛ is implicated with MAPK activation by STRING. When we searched for this mutation in other families, we failed to confirm this genetic event as causative of cancer in other 20 FNMTC patients belonging to 8 kindred.
Conclusions
We concluded that the PRKCɛ p.Pro507Thr possibly represents a private mutation even if other studies including large FNMTC family are needed to define the percentage of familial thyroid cancer cases due this alteration.
The (in)efficiency of USA Education Group stocks: before, during and after COVID-19
Authors: Fernandes Leonardo H S , Fernandes José P V , Silva Jose W L , Paiva Ranilson O A , Pinto Ibsen M B S , de Araujo Fernando Henrique Antunes
Published: January 2024

This paper represents a pioneering effort to investigate multifractal dynamics that exclusively encompass the return time series of USA Education Group Stocks concerning two non-overlapping periods (before, during, and after COVID-19). Given this, we employ the Multifractal Detrended Fluctuations Analysis (MF-DFA). In this sense, we investigate the generalized Hurst exponent ℎ(𝑞) and the Rényi exponent 𝜏 (𝑞) for each asset and quantify their statistical properties, which allowed us to observe separately the contributing small scale (primarily via the negative moments 𝑞) and the large scale (via the positive moments 𝑞). We perform a fourth-degree polynomial regression fit to estimate the complexity parameters that describe the degree of multifractality of the underlying process. Also, we shall apply the inefficiency multifractal index to assess the COVID-19 shock for both periods. Our findings show that for both periods, the majority of these assets are marked by multifractal dynamics associated with persistent behaviour (𝛼0 > 0.5), a higher degree of multifractality and the dominance of large fluctuations. At the same time, most of these assets show asymmetry parameter (𝑅 > 1) for both periods, indicating that large fluctuations contributed more to multifractality in the time series of returns.
Challenges of care coordination for complex patients among family medicine residents: A qualitative study
Authors: Tan Mong Heng Moses , Seng Gilbert Yeo Tian , Lee Eng Sing
Published: January 2024

Background
Care coordination has been identified as one of five focuses of HealthierSG. Family medicine residents are expected to collaborate with other healthcare professionals for complex patients by the end of residency. However, many residents felt that it was challenging to coordinate care effectively among healthcare stakeholders. However, to date, no qualitative studies have explored these challenges. Therefore, this study aimed to understand the challenges encountered by family medicine residents when coordinating care for complex patients.
Methods
This was a qualitative descriptive study in which semi structured in-depth interviews were conducted and guided by a topic guide. Total population sampling of 15 third-year family medicine residents in the National Healthcare Group Polyclinics was performed. The interviews were performed over Zoom and were transcribed. Thematic analysis was subsequently performed to analyse the transcripts. Coding was performed iteratively by two independent researchers. Disagreements were adjudicated by a third coder. A coding framework was agreed upon. Potential themes were then independently developed based on the coding framework.
Results
Six themes emerged from the data, namely, interprofessional communications, accessibility, personal knowledge, time constraints, patient factors and caregiver dissent.
Conclusion
Challenges faced by family medicine residents are multifaceted. While a few are systemic and pertain to the broader healthcare framework, others, such as issues of unfamiliarity with institutional workflows, community resources, and confidentiality, pertain to the microcosm of residency itself. These are reversible areas for improvement. These challenges can be addressed during planning of residency curricula to better equip family medicine residents with coordinating care for complex patients in the future.
Stochastic three-term conjugate gradient method with variance technique for non-convex learning
Authors: Ouyang Chen , Zhao Xiong , Huang Ruping , Yuan Gonglin , Jiang Yiyan
Published: January 2024

In the training process of machine learning, the minimization of the empirical risk loss function is often used to measure the difference between the model’s predicted value and the real value. Stochastic gradient descent is very popular for this type of optimization problem, but converges slowly in theoretical analysis. To solve this problem, there are already many algorithms with variance reduction techniques, such as SVRG, SAG, SAGA, etc. Some scholars apply the conjugate gradient method in traditional optimization to these algorithms, such as CGVR, SCGA, SCGN, etc., which can basically achieve linear convergence speed, but these conclusions often need to be established under some relatively strong assumptions. In traditional optimization, the conjugate gradient method often requires the use of line search techniques to achieve good experimental results. In a sense, line search embodies some properties of the conjugate methods. Taking inspiration from this, we apply the modified three-conjugate gradient method and line search technique to machine learning. In our theoretical analysis, we obtain the same convergence rate as SCGA under weaker conditional assumptions. We also test the convergence of our algorithm using two non-convex machine learning models.
Multi-task Deep Learning Pipeline for Irregular Macrophage Segmentation fusing Enhanced Microscopy Images and Auxiliary Boundary Maps
Authors: Zheng Lin , Lei Weimin , Zhao Xinzhuo , Bao Yanqing
Published: January 2024

Background:Accurate segmentation of macrophages from microscope images can be beneficial for understanding viral infection and immune development stages. There are two particularly challenging aspects in this task: (1) over-segmentation of macrophage with pseudopodia; (2)under-segmentation for clustering, overlapping macrophages and unclear boundary macrophages.
Method: This paper proposes a microscope image enhancement multi-task deep learning framework to achieve segmentation of macrophages with complex boundary conditions. The network initially utilizes PENet to enhance the quality of microscope image data, improving the overall image quality. Then, a multi-task U-Net architecture is employed to extract crucial feature information from masks, distance transforms, and heatmaps. By utilizing the cell segmentation achieved through masks, the distance transforms and heatmaps are used to further refine and capture the intricate boundary details of macrophages, including pseudopodia and other irregularities.
Results: Despite the challenges posed by partially or entirely obscured cells, the network demonstrates robust segmentation capabilities for surface-visible cells, achieving an accuracy of 61.24%, a precision of 78.79%, and a recall of 87.93%, outperforming some other segmentation networks, including SOTA Cellpose. Through experiments, it is possible to achieve precise segmentation of irregular boundaries and narrow pseudopodia of macrophages in low-quality microscope images.
Conclusions: Compared to current macrophage segmentation techniques, this network has two significant advantages: (1) supplementing rich boundary detail information to capture the microscopic features of macrophageswith elongated pseudopods; (2) enhancing underexposed cells due to limitations of microscopic imaging techniques and capturing their potential information.
A comprehensive exploration of divorce factors: Insights from women, family counselors, and judges
Authors: Mohamadian Hashem , Rezaei Mehdi , Kordzanganeh Jafar
Published: January 2024

Background: Divorce rates are increasing due to factors like cultural norms, education, and economic independence. In Iran, divorce rates have risen due to modernization, and women's empowerment. This study aims to identify factors contributing to the rise in divorce rates, focusing on the experiences and perspectives of women, judges, and counselors.
Methods:
The study examined divorced women in Ahvaz city from May to December 2022, focusing on the factors influencing their decisions. Participants were selected through purposive sampling and thematic analysis was used to identify themes. Data was collected through semistructured interviews at Ahvaz City Family Court and counseling centers. The study adhered to ethical considerations, and trustworthiness through interpretative rigor evaluation, data transferability, and peer reviews. The researchers utilized multiple data methods to provide a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon.
Results: This study involving 13 women seeking divorce, 5 judges, and 2 counselors identified 16 categories related to the divorce process. In Iran, divorce is considered a man's right, and women's ability to provide divorce attorneys is increasing due to changing social conditions. Family support institutions in Iran often perform poorly, premarital counseling often overlooked. In Khuzestan, reasons for divorce are rooted in traditional contexts, individuals often avoiding counseling due to the stigma and rejection of counseling centers. The pervasive culture of matrimony and desire for financial independence among women contributes to divorce. Violent culture and addiction among men also contribute to divorce. It emphasizes the importance of addressing family issues, recognizing cultural norms, and addressing the root causes of divorce in Khuzestan. Divorces can arise for various reasons, including expediency, economic problems, residential interference, family interference, lack of knowledge, lack of life skills, and the influence of virtual spaces.
Conclusions: Divorce in the Khuzestan region of Iran is taboo, due to cultural norms. However, various factors have led to an increase in divorce requests. Strategies to prevent divorce include enforcing stricter marriage rules, punishing foreigners who illegally marry women, providing married life skills training, promoting equality in marriage, and increasing counseling monitoring and joint meetings for volunteer married individuals and those about to marry.
SPS-UNet:A Super-pixel Sampling UNet for Extracting Buildings from High-resolution Satellite Images
Authors: Zhao Qiuquan , Li Jianyuan
Published: January 2024

Fully convolutional networks in general perform well in automatically extracting buildings from high-resolution satellite images. However, we find experimentally that a variety of such methods have low robustness when extracting noisy buildings, which leads to intuitively unreasonable results such as broken segmentations or inaccurate boundaries. In this paper, we propose a super-pixel sampling UNet (SPS-UNet) for tackling this problem, which acts the MobileNetV2 as the backbone and replaces the traditional down-sampling operators with a new learnable super-pixel sampling module (SPSM). We also introduce an additional entropy loss item in the training phase to enhance the certainty of prediction results. Experimental results over two public datasets show that: (1) SPS-UNet outperforms the competing methods in terms of both segmentation accuracies and the robustness to noisy buildings; (2) by plugging SPSM in a variety of existing fully convolutional networks and replacing the traditional rule-based down-sampling operators, the semantic segmentation results can be consistently improved. Code can be downloaded from https://github.com/1193639809ZD/SPSNet
Preoperative and postoperative anterior segment parameters of cataract patients with pseudoexfoliation evaluated using the Sirius–Scheimpflug system and a comparison with healthy patients
Authors: Telek Hande Hüsniye , Özdemir Yaprak Arzu , Bilen Rabia Büşra Akden , Dinç Damla Nur , Balta Özgür
Published: January 2024

Purpose: Evaluation and comparison of anterior segment parameters before and after uncomplicated phacoemulsification surgery using the Sirius–Scheimpflug system in patients with and without pseudoexfoliation.
Methods: This retrospective study included 35 eyes of 35 patients without pseudoexfoliation who underwent phacoemulsification surgery (Group 1) and 40 eyes of 37 patients with pseudoexfoliation who underwent phacoemulsification surgery (Group 2). Anterior segment parameters of the patients were evaluated preoperatively and at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months postoperatively using the Sirius–Scheimpflug device. Central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber volume (ACV), anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber angle (ACA), and corneal volume (CV) values were evaluated.
Results: Significant difference was observed between the preoperative and postoperative 1st week, 1st month, 3rd month, and 6th month values of ACA and CV between patients with pseudoexfoliation and the control group (p< 0.05). In CCT measurements, the difference between the preoperative and postoperative values at 1 week and 1 month was significant (p < 0.05), whereas no significant difference was found between the values at 3 months and 6 months.
Conclusion: Phacoemulsification surgery results in a significant reduction in intraocular pressure, an increase in ACD, ACH, and CV, and a widening of the ACA. In patients with pseudoexfoliation, the change in parameters is more dramatic due to the stress exerted on the endothelium by the exfoliative material. When comparing patients with pseudoexfoliation to normal subjects, significant differences were observed, both preoperatively and postoperatively, particularly in CCT, ACA, and CV values.
Manufacturing Domain Instruction Comprehension using Synthetic Data
Authors: Johari Kritika , Tong Christopher Tay Zi , Bhardwaj Rishabh , Subbaraju Vigneshwaran , Kim Jung-Jae , Tan U-Xuan
Published: January 2024

Referring Expression Comprehension (REC) system solves a task to localize objects in a given image, based on natural language expression. We pro- pose a novel approach to adapting the pre-trained REC model for the manufac- turing domain.
Introduction: Despite significant advances in REC research, current REC datasets fail to recognize objects from specific yet important domains such as manufac- turing due to the absence of domain-specific samples during training. Thus, we introduce a synthetic data-based domain adaptation approach for REC.
Methods: To adapt a REC model to the manufacturing domain, we generated a synthetic REC dataset RefMD that consists of two sub-datasets: 1) dataset for manufacturing object classification, and 2) dataset for REC adaptation to man- ufacturing. Each dataset serves as one step toward the REC adaptation. Adap- tation of the object classification network (visual backbone) is carried out by training ResNet50 on domain-specific labeled data, while the REC adaptation completes with the adaptation of modules in RealGIN altogether. The manufac- turing domain-adapted model is further enhanced with the capability to handle ambiguous referring expressions through human-in-the-loop (HITL) interaction.
Results: The experiments on 3D printed manufacturing objects demonstrate that the interactive REC model can accurately comprehend human instructions with an 82% accuracy.
Conclusion: This paper introduces an approach to facilitate domain adaptation using solely synthetic data for the specific case of the manufacturing domain. However, the proposed adaptation methodology can be applied to any other do- main by following the same synthetic data generation process.
First instance of pain in Congenital Pain Insensitivity
Authors: Itmaiza Malek N. , Skafi Adriana J. , Adawi Alaa A. , Bael Peter R. , Ibaidi Nouraldin M.
Published: January 2024

Introduction
This case of congenital insensitivity to pain syndrome from Palestine, sheds light on the challenges of identifying and categorizing the condition. The patient's atypical symptoms including blindness, multiple amputations, and a recent spinal abscess causing tenderness provide new perspectives on the spectrum of HSAN-related disorders.
Case presentation
In this report, we describe the case of a 21-year-old male known to have congenital insensitivity to pain, who presented to the outpatient clinic complaining of fever, restlessness and new onset of back deformity. Further work-up revealed spinal abscess and destruction of multiple vertebrae leading to scoliosis. Treatment involved antibiotics for the spinal abscess, with subsequent resolution and discharge. However, the recurrence of fever prompted additional interventions, including a change in antibiotics and further imaging. Interestingly, the patient's family history showed a hereditary trend with a spectrum of symptoms amongst siblings, his condition resembles different HSAN types, though it does not fit into the classical classification. The patient displayed symptoms commonly seen in HSAN IV, but did not exhibit intellectual disability. The patient's intact ability to produce tears acknowledges the possibility of HSAN VIII.
Conclusion
This case demonstrates the complexities of congenital insensitivity syndromes and the challenges of diagnosing them. The unique clinical symptoms highlight the importance of comprehensive genetic testing for proper diagnosis and classification. Given the limited availability of genetic testing facilities in regions like Palestine, it is crucial to adopt a thoughtful approach to integrating them into regular healthcare practices. This highlights the importance of making diagnoses and conducting research on uncommon disorders such as congenital insensitivity to pain.
Association between Arsenic and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Non-diabetic Mothers: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies
Authors: Wu Xiaoli , Jiang Jing , Zhang Jingjing , Qiu Jun
Published: January 2024

Objective
Environmental arsenic (As) exposure is a known risk factor for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM). However, there are inconsistent findings in exploring the relationship between As exposure and the occurrence of GDM. To clarify this issue, a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies on the association between As and GDM in non-diabetic mothers are carried out.
Methods
PubMed, U.S. National Library of Medicine (MEDLINE), Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang Data were searched, and time interval ranged from database establishment to February 2022, so as to find eligible studies on GDM caused by As exposure. Based on MOOSE guidelines, the characteristics and results were extracted from papers. The determined As in blood, urine, toenail or hair were analyzed. Pooled risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were performed to investigate the source of heterogeneity.
Results
Among 315 retrieved items, 1 cross-sectional study, 3 case-control studies, and 6 cohort studies were selected. The results showed a positive correlation between maximum and minimum exposure of As concentration with a pooled odds ratio (OR) of 1.35 (95% CI = 1.09–1.67) and a moderate heterogeneity (χ2 = 40.19, I2 = 72.6%). According to a subgroup analysis, there was a positive correlation between GDM and As levels in blood (OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.10–1.65) and urine (OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.03–1.71).
Conclusion
The results indicate that As exposure in non-diabetic mothers is associated with an increased risk of GDM. However, due to heterogeneity, the data needs to be interpreted with caution.
Development and implementation of mental healthcare plans in three districts in Ghana: a mixed method process evaluation using the MRC Complex Interventions framework and Theory of Change.
Authors: Ae-Ngibise Kenneth A. , Sakyi Lionel , Adwan-Kamara Lyla , Weobong Benedict , Lund Crick
Published: January 2024

In Ghana, a staggering mental health treatment gap of 95–98% exists due to limited mental healthcare services. To address this gap, Ghana Somubi Dwumadie programme implemented district mental healthcare plans (DMHPs) in three demonstration districts. Collaborating with local stakeholders, the study followed the Programme for Improving Mental Healthcare model, establishing district mental health operations teams. These teams, with representatives from various sectors, utilized a Theory of Change approach to enhance mental health service accessibility. Key components included training non-specialist health workers and enrolling individuals in relevant healthcare programs. Results showed successful integration of mental health services in primary care, improved case detection and care through training sessions, and enrolment of 691 service users in mental health services. The study concludes that DMHPs, implemented with an integrated approach, can significantly reduce the care gap for individuals with mental health conditions, attributing success to committed leadership, resource availability, and stakeholder engagement.
Development of Lr_multi- Cross-validation Model for Prediction of an Imbalanced Dataset in Flood Susceptible Area
Authors: Ayinla B. I. , Oremei C. Akande
Published: January 2024

Climate change has a profound impact on human well-being and health. It threatens the fundamental aspects of a good quality of life if not effectively managed. Changes in the frequency and intensity of heavy rainfall events can lead to shifts in the scale and occurrence of river floods, altering how floods happen. This results from warmer temperatures causing increased water evaporation from both land and oceans. However, situations like floods, droughts, and famines raise global concerns. These complex alterations entail calamities and necessitate comprehensive analysis for effective prediction and counteraction. Machine learning algorithms and cross-validation techniques have been employed in the past for flood forecasting by identifying patterns from various indicators. While traditional K-FOLD is an effective and commonly used cross-validation technique, novel adaptations like Multi Predicting Cross-Validation of K-fold, Stratified K-fold, and Repeated K-Fold could address overfitting in imbalanced datasets. Therefore, this study hybridized the application of Logistic Regression to check the distribution of data points for each fold from the three k-fold techniques and builds a Random Forest model for flood prediction. The area under the precision-recall curve (AUPRC) was the critical metric due to data imbalance. The new hybridized model demonstrates a marked of improvement when the result was compared with the traditional KNN-based model. The Random Forest had 99% AUPRC, against the previous result of 84.96% from the traditional KNN model. This underscores the power of meticulous model validation in enhancing model selection.
Zero-mode diversity in photonic graphen with vortex distortion: nonlinear response and driving
Authors: Nedi\'c Milica , Gligori\'c Goran , Petrovic Jovana , Maluckov Aleksandra
Published: January 2024

Zigzag boundary shaping of the rhombic photonic graphene lattice imparts the capability to selectively excite topologically protected edge modes with distinct spatial distributions. Concurrently, the introduction of a vortex sublattice distortion gives rise to novel vortex-pivoted zero modes. The resulting diversity of zero modes facilitates precise control over the propagation of light — an essential prerequisite for practical applications. We systematically investigate the dynamics of these zero modes in the presence of nonlinear lattice response and various types of disorder, revealing their remarkable resilience to weak nonlinearity and disorder, with negligible mode cross-talk. Furthermore, we establish the conditions of efficient vortex-zero mode lasing achieved through saturable-nonlinear driving from a background noise. The results indicate possibilities for multi-mode lasing in a rhombic lattice, as opposed to a hexagonal lattice, thus advancing a novel category of topological photonic lasers.
Strain-induced modulation of electronic and optical properties in hBN/InSe heterostructure
Authors: Šolajić Andrijana , Pešić Jelena
Published: January 2024

Our study delves into the nuanced effects of strain on hBN/InSe heterostructures, known for their exceptional wide-spectrum absorption capabilities. Employing uniform biaxial strain in the range of -6% to 6%, our investigation reveals a powerful method for manipulating the band gap. Notably, intense tensile strain leads to the near-complete elimination of the band gap - an outcome with profound implications. Comparison with hBN/InTe and hBN/GaTe heterostructures underscores the unique behaviour of hBN/InSe, showing a striking resemblance to hBN/GaTe but achieving lower band gap values under tensile strain. These findings provide crucial insights for experimental work and serve as a guide for more intricate theoretical explorations. With its outstanding electronic properties, tunable band gap, and remarkable absorption characteristics, hBN/InSe emerges as a key player in the development of future novel devices.
An Alternative Formulation for the Lagrangian-Averaged Navier-Stokes Equations on Bounded Domains and Convergence to the Navier-Stokes Equations
Authors: Avrin Joel
Published: January 2024

We show that the unforced Lagrangian-averaged Navier-Stokes (LANS-α) equations on a general bounded domain Ω ⊂ R 3 with zero boundary values on ∂Ω = Γ can be written in the form (I + α 2 A)u t + νA(I + α 2 A)u + P (u ·)v + [u] T · v = 0 where P is the Leray projection onto the divergence-free vectors, A = −P ∆ is the Stokes operator, and v = (I + α 2 A)u. This is consistent with the equation derived in [8] on a periodic box, where A in that case is the operator −∆ restricted to the divergence-free vectors. Our formulation uses a result on powers of the Stokes operator developed in [1] and eliminates the pressure term in the traditional manner using the Leray projection P. The extra boundary condition Au = 0 that was originally imposed in [17], and is imposed here for the operator A 2 to be well-dened, was justied in [2] by showing rigorously that it is an inherent mathematical feature of the unforced Navier-Stokes equations. After verifying the global well-posedness of solutions, we establish on any time interval [0, T ] for which there is a common H 1-bound the strong convergence in H 1 (Ω) of our LANS-α solutions to a solution of the Navier-Stokes equations as α → 0. A proof of such convergence was sketched but not fully detailed in [17] for the original LANS-α system on local intervals of existence for strong solutions. The common H 1-bounds we assume also occur on arbitrary intervals [0, T ] in the case of global strong solutions with small initial data, and for larger data on domains with special geometries; additionally they are often assumed in computations.
AMS Subject Classifications: 35A35, 35B40, 35Q35, 76F02.
Clinical and demographic evaluation of twenty patients with Cytomegalovirus- associated anterior uveitis treated with Valganciclovir Cytomegalovirus- associated anterior uveitis
Authors: Sungur Gülten , Orman Gözde
Published: January 2024

Purpose:
To evaluated the clinical features, prognosis and complications of 20 cases of diagnosed with cytomegalovirus anterior uveitis (CMV AU) an and who used oral valganciclovir (VGV).
Methods:
Medical records of patients with CMV AU were reviewed and patients undergoe complete ophthalmologic examinations.
Results:
Six patients (30%) were female and 14 patients (70%) were male. The mean age of admitted to Uvea-Behçet unit was 41.0 ± 3.2 (range, 19–66) years. Acute type CMV AU was diagnosed in 6 (30%) patients and chronic type in 14 (70%) patients; 2 (10%) patients were Fuch’s type and 12 (60%) patients were other type. The mean intraocular pressure (IOP) before treatment was 36.4 ± 19.5 (13–75) mm Hg. The pupils persists round and vitritis, prominent posterior synechiae and heterochromia did not presented in any patients. Sectorial superficial stromal iris atrophy were seen in 4 (20%) patients. The average duration of oral VGV treatment was 13.4 ± 1.3 (range, 6–25) months. In 12 (60%) patients who were monitored for remission after VGV stopped, no recurrence was observed. The average duration of remission after for 12 (60%) patients was 36.1 ± 9 (range, 18–102) months. The mean IOP after treatment was 9.9 ± 3.3 (range, 7–15) mm Hg.
Conclusions:
Oral VGV therapy is an effective and safe treatment for CMV AU, an effective prevention against glaucoma is early detection of CMV AU and early access to VGV treatment.
Revisiting Public Outlay Determinants in African Economies: Fresh Insight from Sustainability Perspectives
Authors: Aladejare Samson Adeniyi
Published: January 2024

The objective of this study centred on assessing the impact of sustainability in public outlay determination for 26 African countries. For robustness of analyses, the mean group (MG), feasible generalised least squares (FGLS), generalised linear mixed effects model (GLMM), and the novel method of moments quantile regression (MMQREG) techniques were employed on a dataset sourced between 1990 and 2022. Sustainability indicators were decomposed into economic, social, and environmental components. For the economic indicators, while inflation and revenue had adverse effects, the exchange rate accelerated government spending. The social measures demonstrated that urbanisation diminished public expenditure aside from the increasing impacts of human development and population growth. Similarly, the environmental indicators expressed that demand and supply of ecological resources adversely impacted public outlay in contrast to the enhancing effect of food production. Aggregating these effects suggests that, while the economic and environmental factors are mostly diminishing in impact, the social elements are more accelerating on real government spending. Nevertheless, the magnitude of these impacts varies with the existing size of government expenditure in African economies. Consequently, an encompassing rather than a selective preference for sustainability elements matters in government spending determination.
JEL Classification: E62, O55, Q01.
Hydraulic Performance Evaluation of Irrigation Scheme (A Case Study of Kelina Small Scale Irrigation Scheme, South Wollo, Ethiopia)
Authors: tibebu yonatan , wodaje yohannes , ali hussen
Published: January 2024

Irrigation is taken as not only improving the living habits of the societies but also having the ability to avoid the uncertainty that comes with climate change. This study was conducted to evaluate the hydraulic performance of Kelina's small-scale irrigation scheme using selected performance indicators. Primary data like applied water measurement at head, middle and tail reach of the field, taking soil samples for determination of (moisture content, field capacity. permanent wilting point and total available water), canal flow measurement, field observation and focal group discussion and secondary data like (meteorological data, cropping data and data related to design document of irrigation scheme) were taken from the concerned institutions. After the data were taken the data were analyzed by empirical formula, CROPWAT model and Microsoft Excel. The data has been analyzed by Based on the results obtained, the study area has a clay type soil with a total available water of 122.3mm/m and a 0.54cm/hr infiltration rate. The ratio of relative water supply and relative irrigation supply was 0.92 and 0.83, respectively, which indicates a shortage of water supply since the ratio is less than one. The overall water delivery performance indicators like adequacy, equity, efficiency, and dependability have been 83, 0.11, 0.91, and 0.18 percent, respectively. The conveyance efficiency, application efficiency, deep percolation ratio, and overall scheme efficiency were 58.32, 67.57, 32.43, and 39.41%, respectively. The irrigable area was reduced by 23% and the number of infrastructures was reduced by 44.75%. Generally, the current performance of the irrigation scheme is classified as fair performance. Due to this, providing night storage, regular maintenance, and flow control structures at each off gate were recommended that enables the scheme to perform well.