bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fast Reproducible Pansharpening Based on Instrument and Acquisition Modeling: AWLP Revisited
Authors: Vivone Gemine , Alparone Luciano , Garzelli Andrea , Lolli Simone
Published: October 2019

Pansharpening is the process of merging the spectral resolution of a multi-band remote-sensing image with the spatial resolution of a co-registered single-band panchromatic observation of the same scene. Conceived and contextualized over 30 years ago, panharpening methods have progressively become more and more sophisticated, but simultaneously they have started producing fewer and fewer reproducible results. Their recent proliferation is most likely due to the lack of standardized assessment procedures and especially to the use of non-reproducible results for benchmarking. In this paper, we focus on the reproducibility of results and propose a modified version of the popular additive wavelet luminance proportional (AWLP) method, which exhibits all the features necessary to become the ideal benchmark for pansharpening: high performance, fast algorithm, absence of any manual optimization, reproducible results for any dataset and landscape, thanks to: (i) spatial analysis filter matching the modulation transfer function (MTF) of the instrument; (ii) spectral transformation implicitly accounting for the spectral responsivity functions (SRF) of the multispectral scanner; (iii) multiplicative detail-injection model with correction of the path-radiance term introduced by the atmosphere. The revisited AWLP has been comparatively evaluated with some of the high performing methods in the literature, on three different datasets from different instruments, with both full-scale and reduced-scale assessments, and achieves the first place, on average, in the ranking of methods providing reproducible results.
Impact of Land Use and Runoff on Stream Quality
Authors: Karlsen Claudia S. , Flindt Mogens R. , Sønderup Melanie J. , Madsen Martin H. , Egemose Sara
Published: October 2019

Climate changes, intensive agricultural production, and expanding urban areas make the study of runoff and its possible impact on stream quality increasingly important. In this study, we examined large datasets concerning catchment type, stream quality, and invertebrate composition in a comprehensive geographic information system study. The aim was to examine correlations between land use type and quality of the receiving waters to detect possible differences in anthropogenic impacts. The studied area covered 937 km2, and the dataset included 1672 stretches of streams and data from 468 fauna sampling stations. Runoff from agricultural areas more negatively influenced the stream quality than runoff from urban areas. Considering urban catchments, the areas with separate sewer systems generally influenced the stream quality less than catchments with combined sewer systems. In conclusion, the catchment of any specific stream must contain an area with a minimum of 20–30% without agriculture or urban areas to obtain good ecological status; when focusing only on the riparian zone (10 m on each side of the stream), a minimum of 40–55% is needed to create a good ecological status. Therefore, management focus on the entire catchment is important and separate sewers should be preferred rather than combined sewers.
Determinants of Actual Purchase Behavior in Farmers’ Markets
Authors: Tsai Bi-Kun , Lee Ku-Yuan , Hsieh Chi-Ming , Somsong Pimpinan
Published: October 2019

Farmers’ markets in Taiwan advocate for the sustainable consumption of locally produced food to support sustainability and social justice goals. Institutional trust and interpersonal trust are critical determinative factors in sustaining farmers’ farm-to-consumer venues for the long-run. The purpose of this research was to investigate determinants of customers’ actual purchase behaviors, and the relationships between trust, purchase intention, and actual purchase behavior in the context of farmers’ markets. A questionnaire approach with closed-ended survey questions was conducted with customers in farmers’ markets in different parts of Taiwan. The results revealed that both institutional and interpersonal trust could serve as driving forces influencing a consumer’s purchase intentions, which in turn reinforces their actual purchase behavior. Specifically, the interpersonal trust between consumers and producers includes positive interactions and sufficient communication, enabling producers to share the value and concepts underlying their production processes with the consumers, enhancing customers’ purchase intentions and intensity. Institutional trust generated from a producer’s endeavor to improve the quality of their own products by meeting market standards would impress consumers and build loyalty. It is recommended that farmers’ market farmers or managers continually examine both the institutional and interpersonal needs of customers (e.g., food safety, face-to-face interactions between farmers and consumers) to earn customers’ trust, and to accommodate their expectations by providing sufficient products and services.
Asian Medicinal Plants’ Production and Utilization Potentials: A Review
Authors: Astutik Sri , Pretzsch Jürgen , Ndzifon Kimengsi Jude
Published: October 2019

Medicinal plants research in Asia continues to receive significant national and international attention, particularly concerning its multiple roles in poverty alleviation and health care support. However, scientific information on the institutional arrangements, the potentials of different medicinal plants production systems, and the utilization methods, remain highly fragmented. This incomprehensive information base shades the development of a comprehensive research agenda to improve the current body of knowledge, at least in the context of Asia. To address this impasse and propose future research perspectives, we systematically reviewed 247 journal articles, 15 institutional reports, and 28 book chapters. From the reviews, five key lessons are drawn: (i) Asian medicinal plant production systems demonstrate some dynamics, characterized by a gradual but continuous shift from wild gathering to cultivation, (ii) sub-regional variations exist with regards to the appreciation of medicinal plants potentials for traditional healing, modern healthcare, and livelihoods support, (iii) knowledge on the effect of multi-scale institutional arrangements (formal and informal) on medicinal plant management practices is fragmented, (iv) very few studies dwell on the challenges of medicinal plants commercialization, particularly with regards to the role of middlemen, boom–bust cycle, raw material readiness, and product quality, and (v) law enforcement, benefit and knowledge sharing, and research and development should be prioritized to serve the interest of medicinal plants production actors. To further extend the body of knowledge on medicinal plants in Asia, we advance the need for empirical investigations on the performance of medicinal plants production systems and their contribution to livelihoods in diverse institutional contexts.
Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion and the Salience of Publicly Disclosing Demographic Data in American Environmental Nonprofits
Authors: Taylor Dorceta E. , Paul Sophia , McCoy Ember
Published: October 2019

There has been a scholarly interest in the demographic characteristics of American environmental organizations since the 1960s, but until recently there was no readily available way of knowing the composition of the staff or board of these institutions as few revealed any of their demographic data publicly. For the past five years, there has been a high-profile campaign to get environmental nonprofits to disclose their demographic data. This paper examines 12,054 small, medium-sized, and large environmental organizations to find out how many of them have released diversity data on GuideStar. The article also examines how the state in which organizations are located, region of the country, urban or rural setting, organizational typology, amount of revenue, size of the staff, size of the board, gender of the chief executive officer (CEO), race of the CEO, and the year of completion of the GuideStar profile influenced the disclosure of diversity data. The researchers collected financial data from Internal Revenue Service tax forms and diversity data from GuideStar. The study found that 3.7% of the nonprofits studied divulged diversity data. However, organizations in the Pacific and Mid-Atlantic regions were most likely and nonprofits in the South least likely to report diversity data. Urban nonprofits were more likely to divulge diversity data than those located in the suburbs or in the rural areas. The highest level of reporting was in Washington, D.C. In addition, environmental justice organizations were more likely to disclose diversity data than other types of organizations. The larger the staff and the higher the revenue, the more likely it is that the organization divulged its diversity data. Organizations with female CEOs were more likely to reveal diversity data than male-headed nonprofits. Environmental organizations with ethnic/racial minority CEOs were also more likely to disclose demographic data than organizations with white CEOs.
NIR Reflection Augmentation for DeepLearning-Based NIR Face Recognition
Authors: Jo Hoon , Kim Whoi-Yul
Published: October 2019

Face recognition using a near-infrared (NIR) sensor is widely applied to practical applications such as mobile unlocking or access control. However, unlike RGB sensors, few deep learning approaches have studied NIR face recognition. We conducted comparative experiments for the application of deep learning to NIR face recognition. To accomplish this, we gathered five public databases and trained two deep learning architectures. In our experiments, we found that simple architecture could have a competitive performance on the NIR face databases that are mostly composed of frontal face images. Furthermore, we propose a data augmentation method to train the architectures to improve recognition of users who wear glasses. With this augmented training set, the recognition rate for users who wear glasses increased by up to 16%. This result implies that the recognition of those who wear glasses can be overcome using this simple method without constructing an additional training set. Furthermore, the model that uses augmented data has symmetry with those trained with real glasses-wearing data regarding the recognition of people who wear glasses.
The Systematic Optimization of Train Formation in Loading Stations
Authors: Lin Boliang , Zhao Yinan
Published: October 2019

This paper presents the formulation of a train formation problem in rail loading stations (TFLS) from the systematic perspective. Several patterns of train formation are analyzed thoroughly before modeling, including direct single-commodity trains, direct multi-commodity trains created in the loading stations, and direct trains originating from reclassification yards. One of the crucial preconditions is that the loading and unloading efficiencies in the loading stations and the relational unloading stations are symmetric. Based on this, a non-linear 0–1 programming model is designed with the aim of minimizing the total car-hour cost incurred by the loading, unloading, and reclassification operations, and the commercial software Lingo is employed as the solving approach. A small-scale example is carried out first to illustrate the validity of the presented model and the effectiveness of the proposed method. Then, a series of numerical cases are devised to test the model and solving approach. The computational results show that our model can be regarded as a theoretical foundation of the TFLS problem.
Basket-Handle Arch and Its Optimum Symmetry Generation as a Structural Element and Keeping the Aesthetic Point of View
Authors: Alcayde Alfredo , Velilla Cristina , San-Antonio-Gómez Carlos , Peña-Fernández Araceli , Pérez-Romero Antonio , Manzano-Agugliaro Francisco
Published: October 2019

The arches were a great advance in construction with respect to the rigid Greek linteled architecture. Its development came from the hand of the great Roman constructions, especially with the semicircular arch. In successive historical periods, different types of arches have been emerging, which in addition to their structural function was taking aesthetic characteristics that are used today to define the architectural style. When, in the construction of a bow, the rise is less than half the springing line, the semicircular arch is no longer used and the segmental arch is used, and then on to another more efficient and aesthetic arch, the basket-handle arch. This study examines the classic geometry of the basket-handle arch also called the three-centered arch. A solution is proposed from a constructive and aesthetic point of view, and this is approached both geometrically and analytically, where the relationship between the radius of the central arch and the radius of the lateral arch is minimized. The solution achieved allows the maximum springing line or clear span to be saved with the minimum rise that preserves the aesthetic point of view, since the horizontal thrust of a bow is greater than the relationship between the springing line of the arch and the rise. This solution has been programmed and the resulting software has made it possible to analyse existing arches in historic buildings or constructions to check if their solutions were close or not from both points of view. Thus, it has been possible to verify that in most of the existing arches analyzed, the proposed solution is reached.
A System Dynamics Model Examining Alternative Wildfire Response Policies
Authors: Thompson Matthew P. , Wei Yu , Dunn Christopher J. , O’Connor Christopher D.
Published: October 2019

In this paper, we develop a systems dynamics model of a coupled human and natural fire-prone system to evaluate changes in wildfire response policy. A primary motivation is exploring the implications of expanding the pace and scale of using wildfires as a forest restoration tool. We implement a model of a forested system composed of multiple successional classes, each with different structural characteristics and propensities for burning at high severity. We then simulate a range of alternative wildfire response policies, which are defined as the combination of a target burn rate (or inversely, the mean fire return interval) and a predefined transition period to reach the target return interval. We quantify time paths of forest successional stage distributions, burn severity, and ecological departure, and use departure thresholds to calculate how long it would take various policies to restore forest conditions. Furthermore, we explore policy resistance where excessive rates of high burn severity in the policy transition period lead to a reversion to fire exclusion policies. Establishing higher burn rate targets shifted vegetation structural and successional classes towards reference conditions and suggests that it may be possible to expand the application of wildfires as a restoration tool. The results also suggest that managers may be best served by adopting strategies that define aggressive burn rate targets but by implementing policy changes slowly over time.
Cambios en la enseñanza de los proyectos a partir de un plan de formación pedagógica
Authors: Brito Lisbeth
Published: October 2019

El presente estudio, tuvo como objetivo detectar los cambios que emergen en los docentes durante la implementación de un plan de formación pedagógica para la enseñanza de los proyectos desde la integralidad del ser humano. Se trató de una investigación de tipo interactiva bajo la comprensión holística de la ciencia, específicamente dentro de la modalidad de investigación acción, orientada a transformar la realidad de una institución que estaba en los primeros pasos del trabajo por proyecto. El diseño de la investigación fue de campo, transeccional, contem-poráneo, unieventual. La técnica de recolección de los datos fue la observación participativa. Los resultados evidenciaron cambios en el contexto tales como: Manejo adecuado, durante las clases de los proyectos pedagógicos, de algunos aspectos didácticos como: estrategias, métodos y técnicas, acordes a las temáticas desarrolladas; además se observó la frecuencia de la integración de las dimensiones del ser humano, en la praxis de la enseñanza de los proyectos; pero aunado a ello emergió la participación activa del docente, con entusiasmo, en las diversas actividades de intercambio y socialización.
Pope Leo of Bourges, clerical immunity and the early medieval secular
Authors: West Charles
Published: October 2019

This article investigates the notion of the secular in the European early Middle Ages, focusing on the transmission of a text that limited the liability of clerics to secular courts, from Late Antique Gaul through to the 'Gregorian Reform'.
Comparative Senses-based Investigation of Traditional and Modern Apple Cultivars
Authors: Dremák Péter
Published: October 2019

Apple consumption has significantly decreased over the last 10-15 years in Hungary. While consumption of fresh apple was 25 kg/person/year before the change of regime, today it hardly exceeds 10 kg according to careful estimations. In spite of the fact that the former dull cultivar structure (Jonathan, Starking, Golden Delicious) has widened with numerous new cultivars, apple consumption in Hungary has not increased. Unfortunately, customers do not or scarcely know most of these new cultivars.In a survey conducted among the students of five Hungarian universities, we gathered information about comsumer opinion of both and older cultivars.Numerous questonnaires – 592 – were filled out on 8 cultivars (Jonagold, Novajo, Topaz, Golden Reinders, Idared, Pinova, Braeburn, Jonathan, Starking) about the qualitiy parameters that determine the value for consumption. The results clearly show that besides the old cultivars, such cultivars are preferred that are known worldwide, such as Jonagold, or Golden (free of russetting) or the resistant Topaz.Promotion of these cultivars and creating the possibility of their supply can help to increase a fresh apple consumption.
The Effect of Drought on the Yield of Winter Barley Lines in the Great Cumania Region
Authors: Czimbalmas Ágnes
Published: October 2019

Winter barley is the third most important fodder plant in Hungary after winter wheat and maize.Its accommodation to the changing climatic conditions – mainly to drought in Great Cumania, the driest region of our country is of great importance from the point of view of plant breeding and growing.The vegetation period of 2002/2003 can be considered to have been very droughty with 247.5 mm precipitation.According to our results six- rowed barley lines have better drought tolerance than two-rowed lines. The average yields of the six-rowed barley lines were 12-25 per cent higher than the yields of the two rowed lines.Due to the joint effect of delayed sowing and drought, significant yield depression was detected both in the case of the early and the medium maturity group, and assessable data could be gained only from 35 per cent of the total territory.
FIREFLY: AN AUTONOMOUS DRONE FOR DETECTION AND MONITORING OF FIRES IN RURAL AREAS
Authors: Ribeiro David Augusto , Huallpa Belisario Nina , Rocha Jampierre Vieira
Published: October 2019

The drones that were initially used for military purposes have expanded their use in other areas. In this work the construction of a low cost drone is presented, which was applied to the monitoring and detection of fires in rural areas. A smoke sensor MQ-2 and a high-resolution camera was used for fire monitoring and detection. The GSM technology was used for communication between the use and the drone via SMS and there is a smartphone application where the user can configure the drone flight route and calibrate the sensors within it. The proposed drone proved to be efficient in the initial tests, but showed stability problems when the number of satellites was below 4 units identified or in the presence of strong winds. The MQ-2 smoke sensor proved to be efficient in collecting environmental and functional data in fire detection. The camera can get images every 5 seconds and help monitor the area of interest. In future works, we intend to explore images to improve fire detection and classification using the technology of image processing.
Review Paper on Various Software Testing Techniques & Strategies
Authors: Anwar Nahid , Kar Susmita
Published: October 2019

Software testing is the process of running an application with the intent of finding software bugs (errors or other defects). Software applications demand has pushed the quality assurance of developed software towards new heights. It has been considered as the most critical stage of the software development life cycle. Testing can analyze the software item to identify the disparity between actual and prescribed conditions and to assess the characteristics of the software. Software testing leads to minimizing errors and cut down software costs. For this purpose, we discuss various software testing techniques and strategies. This paper aims to study diverse as well as improved software testing techniques for better quality assurance purposes.
"Вечные темы" в поэтическом творчестве Шавката Бухорои
Authors: Наимов Кудратулло
Published: October 2019

Аннотация: В данной статье, с опорой на сведения литературных и исторических источников эпохи, рассказывается о страницах жизни, эмиграции и вечных тем персидско-таджикской литературы в произведениях одного из талантливых, маститых и тонких поэтов XVII века Мухаммадисхака Шавката Бухорои.
Ключевые слова: стихотворение, Бухара, антология, любовь, назель, Иран, Мавереуннахри, источники диван, поэзия.

Annotation: In this article, based on the information of literary and historical
sources of the era, it tells about the pages of life, emigration and eternal themes of
Persian-Tajik literature in the works of one of the talented, venerable and subtle poets of
the XVII century Muhammadiskhak Shavkat Bukhoroi.
Key words: poem, Bukhara, anthology, love, nazel, Iran, Mavereunnakhri, sources
of divan, poetry
«Манас» эпосундагы тулпарлардын образдарына карата жиктелиши жана алардын көркөм функциясы
Authors: Өмүралиева Ж.
Published: October 2019

Аннотация: Жалпы эле ат жалында казан аскан көчмөн элдердин фольклордук чыгармаларында негизги каармандын чыныгы баатыр деген атак-даңкка конуп, элдин үмүт-тилегин актап, жалпы элдик идеяны жүзөгө ашырыш үчүн баатырдын эң негизги эки нерсеге ээ болушу шарт. Алар: баатыр-каармандын өзүнө ылайык минген аты жана согуштук курал-жарагы. Биздин максат дагы бир жолу аттын көчмөн-баатырдык доордогу ордун баса белгилөө жана «Манас» эпосунун төрт вариантындагы жалпы тулпарларга илимий талдоо жүргүзүү. Тактап айтканда, тулпарлардын санын тактоо, жиктештирүү жана варианттардагы айрым өзгөчөлүктөргө анализ жасоо болуп саналат. Сагынбай Орозбаковдун варианты- СОВ, Молдобасан Мусулманкуловдун варианты- ММВ, Багыш Сазановдун варианты -БСВ, Шапак Рысмендеевдин варианты- ШРВ деп кыскартылып берилди.
Түйүндүү сөздөр: аттар, тулпарлар, күлүктөр, баатырлар, аргымак, жылкы.

Аннотация: В фольклорных произведениях кочевого народа, который ел и пил не слезая с лошади, для того, чтобы основной герой приобрел славу как настоящий батыр и оправдал чаяния народа, осуществляя народную идею, ему необходимо было владеть двумя основными вещами. Это его конь, соответствующий самому герою – батыру и боевое оружие. Нашей целью является еще раз подчеркнуть место лошади в кочевую-героическую эпоху и проведение научного анализа всем
боевым коням в четырех вариантах эпоса “Манас”. Точнее, уточнение количества боевых коней, распределение их, проведение анализа отдельным особенностям в вариантах. Вариант Сагымбая Орозбакова сокращенно дан как СОВ, вариант Молдобасана Мусулманкулова - ММВ, вариант Багыша Сазанова - БСВ и вариант Шапака Рысмендеева - ШРВ.
Ключевые слова: кони, образы боевых коней, скакуны, батыры, аргамаки, лошадь.

Summary: In the folklore works of the nomadic people who ate and drank not getting down from horses, in order to gain fame like a real batyr and to justify the aspirations of the people thus implementing the popular idea, the main character needs to own
two basic things. These things are his horse fitting the hero-batyr himself and the weapon of war. Our goal is to once again emphasize the place of the horse in the nomadic-heroic epoch and to conduct a scientific analysis of all the war horses in four versions of the epic “Manas”. More precisely, we intend to specify the number of war horses, to classify them, to analyse individual features in the versions. The variant by Sagymbay Orozbakov is abbreviated as “СОВ” (Russian), the variant by Moldobasan Musulmankulov – as “ММВ” (Russian), the variant by Bagysh Sazanov – as “БСВ” (Russian) and the variant by Shapak Rysmendеev – as “ШРВ” (Russian).
Keywords: horses, images of warhorses, quarter horses, batyrs, argamaks, steed.
Neurodidáctica y competencias emocionales de estudiantes de educación general básica
Authors: Ramos García Aidee Monserrate , San Andrés Laz Esthela María
Published: October 2019

El objeto de esta investigación fue estudiar la Gestión del Conocimiento como alternativa dentro del desarrollo organizacional para el Desarrollo de la capacidad del estudiante de Educación Primaria de Colombia. Respaldada en los postulados teóricos de Pavez (2009), Finol y Camacho (2008), entre otros, enmarcada dentro del paradigma de una investigación cualitativa, con información recolectada por medio de entrevistas semiestructuradas, empleando como técnica la observación directa. Como muestra se tomarán (5) actores sociales, conformados por estudiantes y docentes de de las instituciones INESAM–Cesar Colombia. Obteniendo como resultado principal que la gestión del conocimiento constituye un recurso valioso dentro de las instituciones educativas, por cuanto permite el desarrollo del aprendizaje organizacional de los miembros que lo conforman, permitiendo valorar los activos tangibles, por medio de procesos dinámicos de creación, asimilación, difusión y utilización del conocimiento que van a representar la competitividad dentro de la misma.
Morfología sistemática y paleobiología de los perezosos gigantes del género Lestodon Gervais 1855 (Mammalia, Xenarthra, Tardigrada)
Authors:   , Czerwonogora Ada
Published: October 2019

Los perezosos, osos hormigueros y armadillos pertenecen a los Xenarthra, un clado considerado como indiscutidamente monofilético. Constituyen uno de los grupos más característicos de la fauna neotropical y a pesar de contar con un número relativamente pequeño de especies vivientes, se trata de uno de los grupos más abundantes y diversos de la fauna de América del Sur durante el Cenozoico. Los xenartros están muy bien representados en la fauna del Pleistoceno tardío-Holoceno temprano (Lujanense) y entre ellos Lestodon, el género objeto de estudio de esta tesis, se encuentra también muy bien representado en el Lujanense del Uruguay y de la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Si bien la última revisión sistemática realizada en el género Lestodon valida a L. armatus, la especie genotipo, y L. australis, estas dos especies no han sido evaluadas desde el punto de vista morfométrico. Tampoco ha sido considerada hasta el momento la hipótesis de dimorfismo sexual de tamaño en este género de perezosos. Con relación a la paleobiología, desde hace unas tres décadas se ha utilizado un protocolo básico que implica la definición de tres atributos biológicos esenciales para cada taxón considerado: tamaño, dieta y uso del sustrato o tipo de locomoción. Sin embargo, este esquema no ha sido totalmente aplicado a los mamíferos sudamericanos. El estudio morfológico de los aparatos masticatorio y locomotor permite realizar predicciones sobre las posibilidades de movimiento de los taxones; además, los análisis masticatorios resultan útiles para formular hipótesis sobre la dieta de los organismos, mientras que los análisis del aparato locomotor permiten realizar inferencias sobre el tipo de locomoción o sobre las preferencias de uso del sustrato. Estos dos aspectos, sumados al tamaño corporal, brindan información relevante para realizar una interpretación del organismo en un contexto paleobiológico. Para el caso de los perezosos fósiles, los estudios destinados a inferir la dieta empiezan a incluir muy recientemente análisis de isótopos estables, pero esta clase de estudios apenas se están iniciando en los xenartros. Con relación al estudio morfológico del aparato locomotor, existen pocos trabajos sobre reconstrucción muscular en miembros posteriores usando el enfoque Extant Phylogenetic Bracket (EPB) pero este esquema no se ha aplicado mayormente a los xenartros. El objetivo de esta tesis es estudiar el género de perezosos terrestres Lestodon poniendo a prueba hipótesis vinculadas con su sistemática, morfología y paleobiología, procurando aportar nuevas evidencias que contribuyan a su caracterización paleoautecológica.
El impacto del éxodo migratorio de venezolanos sobre los salarios reales en Colombia
Authors:   , Peñaloza Pacheco Leonardo José
Published: October 2019

El objetivo del presente trabajo consiste en estimar el efecto causal del éxodo migratorio de venezolanos hacia Colombia a partir del año 2016 sobre el salario real colombiano. Se explota como estrategia de identificación la apertura de las fronteras entre Colombia y Venezuela en el segundo semestre del 2016,luego de un año de estar cerradas producto de una crisis política entre los dos países. Se estima que, de acuerdo con datos de la Unidad Administrativa Especial de Migración Colombia y el Registro Administrativo de Migrantes Venezolanos en Colombia, post-apertura de las fronteras entre los dos países, el flujo migratorio de venezolanos hacia Colombia representó aproximadamente un incremento de entre el 10% y el 15% de la Población Económicamente Activa de los departamentos fronterizos de Colombia como La Guajira y Norte de Santander en los cuales se basa el análisis. Implementando las metodologías de diferencias en diferencias y Método de Control Sintético los resultados indican que el incremento en la oferta laboral en estas regiones, producto del flujo migratorio, generó una caída promedio en el salario real horario de aproximadamente 9.7%. Esta disminución del salario real parecería ser mayor para los hombres en comparación a las mujeres. Además, se evidencia una mayor caída en el salario real de las personas con menor nivel de calificación y en condiciones de informalidad laboral.
Imágenes en Medicina Nuclear
Authors: Montangie Lisandro , Sanz Vanesa María , Illanes Luis Héctor
Published: October 2019

Este libro habla de Medicina Nuclear (MN). Esta especialidad médica incluye tanto prácticas diagnósticas como procedimientos terapéuticos. En estas páginas se analiza solamente lo que concierne al cometido diagnóstico de la Medicina Nuclear que se logra a través de imágenes. La medicina actual es impensable sin la utilización de imágenes. Englobadas bajo el nombre de Diagnóstico por imágenes (DXI), su empleo trasciende la etapa de diagnóstico de las patologías y se emplean también con mucha eficacia para planificar terapias y evaluar resultados. Las imágenes que aporta la MN, se obtienen a partir de la administración al paciente de un radiofármaco y la detección de cómo se distribuye la radioactividad dentro del organismo; esa distribución es graficada en una imagen. Como toda práctica diagnóstica en medicina, las imágenes médicas tienen como objetivo la obtención de datos. El prestigio de que gozan las imágenes con respecto a otras formas de presentar la información, conlleva la falacia de que las mismas son información objetiva, reflejo cabal del interior del organismo, y no datos sujetos a interpretación. Esto ocasiona dificultades a la hora de evaluar las imágenes para decidir si son aptas para efectuar un diagnóstico. En el libro se establecen los criterios con que deben justipreciarse los estudios, que no tiene que ver con la apariencia de la imagen. A lo largo de los capítulos se sugiere entrenarse en aplicar formas comprobadas de valorar una imagen de Medicina Nuclear. Y esa evaluación debe hacerse examinando en profundidad las tres particularidades siguientes; la validez estadística de la adquisición; la eventual existencia de artefactos producto de la reconstrucción; la calidad de la imagen en relación al radiofármaco. ¿Invita el libro a dudar de las imágenes? De alguna manera sí. Pero no se trata de una incitación desconfiar de las imágenes médicas como procedimiento diagnóstico. No sostiene prejuicios ni suspicacias sobre métodos ya comprobados y validados. En lo que insiste es que no se debe aceptar la imagen como prueba de nada, hasta no estar seguros de que ha sido adquirida adecuadamente y poder descartar la presencia de artefactos; hasta no garantizar que la información que denota sea estadísticamente significativa; hasta no atestiguar con un control de calidad que el radiofármaco elegido y administrado se concentra en el territorio que se pretende indagar.
Volver a entrar saltando
Authors: Basso María Florencia
Published: October 2019

Muchos argentinos abandonaron el país por razones políticas, forzados por la violencia desplegada por el terrorismo de Estado en la Argentina durante el tercer peronismo y, especialmente, en la dictadura cívico-militar de 1976 a 1983. El exilio formó parte de las violaciones a los derechos humanos tal como la persecución, detención, tortura sistematizada, apropiación de niños y desaparición forzada de personas. México fue uno de los principales países receptores de las familias exiliadas y allí los hijos debieron transitar entre las dos culturas. En este libro nos centramos en las relaciones entre arte, memoria y exilio a partir de un conjunto de producciones visuales actuales de artistas pertenecientes a esta segunda generación de exiliados políticos en México, que han retornado a la Argentina. El objetivo es indagar sobre las múltiples memorias que se cruzan en la construcción identitaria argenmex a partir de un corpus de producciones artísticas en torno al pasado reciente argentino, teniendo en cuenta la especificidad del medio artístico. Nuestra principal hipótesis sostiene que las especificidades artísticas de cada uno de los medios puestos en juego, es decir, lo fotográfico, lo corporal y lo objetual, es un espacio privilegiado para la elaboración y transmisión de memorias traumáticas, del exilio y del retorno.
La discriminación de personas institucionalizadas por el Mal de Hansen en Argentina y su derecho a una vida plena
Authors:   , Campbell Dávila Jaqueline
Published: October 2019

Esta tesis se propone analizar las condiciones de vida de las personas con Hansen que están internadas en el último leprosario nacional en Argentina en relación con el acceso, el goce y el ejercicio de sus Derechos Humanos. El acercamiento a personas que tienen una enfermedad implica no sólo una aproximación al mundo de la medicina, sino sobre todo a las vidas de mujeres y hombres con cargas y heridas que la sociedad ha depositado en ellas. La discriminación contra personas afectadas por la Lepra ha dejado huellas muy profundas que se siguen generando a partir de la invisibilización que de esta enfermedad se ha hecho. Los testimonios obtenidos durante visitas periódicas durante 10 años bajo lineamientos de investigación en ciencias sociales, descubren un mundo abandonado, lleno de miedos y desconocimientos, que mantiene a un grupo de personas en el aislamiento, ya no mediante el uso de la fuerza pública, sino por el señalamiento y la privación de toda posibilidad de tener una vida plena. Para contrarrestar los resultados obtenidos en la investigación, se propone una estrategia en la que, tras presentar a una enfermedad histórica con presencia de nuevos casos en la actualidad, se evidencie que es curable y entonces se pueda generar un cambio social para que el principio de la no discriminación y la vigencia plena de sus derechos humanos rijan sobre las personas afectadas por Lepra y sus familias.
Sulfonil-amidometilación intramolecular de bencilsulfonamidas
Authors:   , Bravo Rodolfo Daniel
Published: October 2019

El objeto de este trabajo es estudiar la reacción de sulfonilamidometilación intramolecular. Se usan bencilsulfonamidas con diversos sustituyentes sobre el anillo aromático, así como sobre el nitrógeno para determinar la aplicabilidad de esta reacción. El formaldehído es generado en el medio de reacción a partir de s-trioxano y en algunos ejemplos se ensayan también otras fuentes de formaldehído así como el reemplazo de este último por otras combinaciones carbonílicas.
Auto-ensamblados supramoleculares de nanomateriales blandos para aplicaciones de biosensado: control de la nanoarquitectura y sus propiedades funcionales
Authors:   , Piccinini Esteban
Published: October 2019

Esta tesis doctoral se enfoca en el diseño racional de auto-ensamblados supramoleculares de macromoléculas y biomacromoléculas para la construcción de películas delgadas con propiedades funcionales. Uno de los aspectos de gran interés en esta tesis comprende el estudio de la influencia que tienen las características estructurales de los ensamblados en sus propiedades funcionales para dos clases de plataformas transductoras: í) transductores amperométricos, donde la respuesta electrónica se basa en procesos faradaicos entre el electrodo y la interfase. ii) transistores de efecto de campo a base de grafeno donde la respuesta del sensor se basa en detección de cambios fisicoquímicos no-faradicos como cambios de pH y fuerza iónica. A lo largo de este trabajo se utiliza la técnica de ensamblado capa-por-capa (conocida con la abreviatura LbL del inglés Layer-by-Layer) como principal técnica de nanoconstrucción siendo que permite un control preciso de los bloques de construcción, y por ser efectiva, versátil, simple y de bajo costo. Se exploran la incorporación de distintas moléculas a las arquitecturas interfaciales: surfactantes, polielectrolitos y proteínas (lectinas y enzimas). Primero se estudian los ensamblados multicapa (hexadeciltrimetilamonio/ácido poliacrílico)n y se observa que el surfactante funciona como agente mesogénico aumentando el grado de organización interna de las películas. Luego, se estudia la incorporación de surfactantes redox para la construcción de películas (hexadecil(ferrocenilmetil)dimetilamonio/ácido poliacrílico)n con arquitectura organizada y electroactiva. Por el alto nivel de organización, estos sistemas muestran propiedades electroactivas inusuales. Se estudia también la construcción de suprapartículas auto-ensambladas y auto-limitadas en tamaño formada a partir de la lectina concanavalina A y la glicoenzima redox glucosa oxidasa. Estos biocoloides son inmovilizados sobre superficies de electrodos para la construcción de películas que biocatalizan la oxidación de glucosa, propiedad que es utilizada para el desarrollo de sensores amperométricos de glucosa. Por último, se estudia la construcción de ensamblados multicapa (policatión/polianion)n y (policatión/ureasa)n sobre transistores de efecto de campo a base de grafeno. Los resultados indican que los ensamblados de polielectrolitos aumentan el rango de sensibilidad interfacial de los transistores y que la integración de la enzima ureasa resulta en interfases que catalizan la hidrólisis de urea. Estos sistemas muestran características sonbresalientes para ser utilizados como sensores para el monitoreo de urea sin la necesidad del uso de soluciones reactivas.
FINDING OF OPTIMAL SUBSET STRUCTURE IN THE KNAPSACK PROBLEM
Authors: Chebakov S. V. , Serebryanaya L. V.
Published: October 2019

An algorithm for solving the knapsack problem based on the proposed multi-criteria model is considered. The implementation of this algorithm allows to define the structure of the optimal subset as a union of certain elements of a Pareto layers group into which a initial data set is divided. The first such layer is the Pareto set. The optimal subset allows to find a specific subset of the initial data. Its elements as a result of belonging to the Pareto layers with large numbers cannot enter the optimal subset. The most expensive in terms of the number of operations required are knapsack problems, in which the number of elements in the set of initial data is quite large. The article shows that with a relatively small value of the knapsack volume, the number of elements required to find the optimal subset is significantly less than their total number in the original set. It can lead to a significant decrease in the total time to solve the combinatorial problem.
MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF SINGLE CRYSTALS (MnIn2S4)1–х–(AgIn5S8)х SOLID SOLUTIONS
Authors: Bodnar I. V. , Chan Bin Tkhan
Published: October 2019

Single crystals of solid solutions (MnIn2S4)1-х–(AgIn5S8)х have been grown with the Bridgeman method in the whole range of temperatures. The crystals structure and composition were determined. The study of the given single crystals in the temperature range 2–300 К and magnetic fields to 10 T was carried out. It is set that the given crystals are paramagnetic in the whole studied range. The specific magnetic moment increases with the temperature.
THE DIRECTIONS OF INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION OF THE POLISH VOIVODESHIPS AND LARGE CITIES WITH A PARTICULAR FOCUS ON COOPERATION WITH UKRAINE
Authors: Rudolf Wawrzyniec , Pazizina Sofiya
Published: October 2019

Nowadays a foreign policy is no longer the domain of national governments and the role of international relations at the level of regions and cities is growing. For these territorial units, it is a way to build their competitive position in a globalising world. The paper aims at examining the structure of the directions of international relations of the Polish voivodeships and cities - regional capitals, taking into account the role that the Ukrainian regions and cities play in this structure. Observations were made regarding differences in the directions of international activity of the voivodeships and their capitals as well as the dynamics of this phenomenon over time, and conclusions were drawn recommending the involvement of territorial units in international cooperation. Bilateral relations with partner cities and regions prove to be only a prelude to network integration which for years has been promoted by the structures of the European Union, first by its support for Euroregions, and in the last decade through the creation of European Groupings of Territorial Cooperation. The involvement of regions and cities in the structures of international cooperation can significantly affect the creation of a strong competitive position in the territorial market.
POST-SOVIET ROOTS OF UKRAINE’S INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL PROBLEMS
Authors: Soboliev Borys
Published: October 2019

Ukraine has inherited a whole array of international financial problems from the USSR. The USSR problems with public finances were transmitted to all states-successors, Ukraine included. Joint and several liabilities for the successors failed under the «0 option» solution which had deprived successor’s states of all liquid assets conquered by Russia. Ukraine had nothing to do with the collapse of the Ruble zone because Ukraine had been made by Russia to leave that zone. The Paris and London clubs of creditors have nudged Ukraine into the Breton Woods institutions. 25 years of 6 various programs with the IMF and the World Bank Group have not yet produced an anticipated effect. The committed billions in fact were disbursed up to 30-40%%. The author put some efforts to investigate the core reasons.
THE IMF PROGRAMS: COUNTRIES’ EXPERIENCES AND THE IMPLICATIONS AND PROSPECTS FOR UKRAINE
Authors: Petryk Oleksandr
Published: October 2019

The IMF is the world’s leading institution for promoting global economic and financial stability. Unlike other IFI’s, the Fund isn’t an ordinary lending institution. The IMF holds a pool of member-countries’ currencies and an amount of its own foreign reserves and uses this money to provide credit to members when they face economic and financial difficulties or expect them in the near future. A country contributes to the Fund according to a quota based mainly on its relative position in the world economy, including its GDP, trade, inflows of capital and reserves. The Fund’s quota-based money holdings may be supplemented by General Resources Account (GRA) borrowing in case of exceptional needs by the member states.

The subject of the article consideration is the new loan toolkit of the Fund, which evolved together with the development of the international financial system.

The acceleration in the modernization of the lending toolkit took place after the 2008 global financial crisis. It corresponded to an increase in the financial needs of some of the member states and focused on safeguarding the Fund’sresources. With modification of existing lending instruments, such as the StandBy Arrangements (SBA) and the Extended Fund Facility (EFF), new ones were introduced, including the Flexible Credit Line (FCL), the Precautionary and Liquidity Line (PLL) and Rapid Financing Instruments (RFI).

The IMF also provides loans to a group of poor countries on concessional terms that include zero interest rates, with the goal of promoting sustainable economic growth and reducing poverty in these countries.

The purpose of the article is to formulate the main directions of the necessary structural reforms in Ukraine based on the method of comparative analysis of IMF program results in different countries.
THE APPLICATION OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS IN THE AEROSPACE INDUSTRY
Authors: Skoczylas Jakub , Samborski Sylwester , Kłonica Mariusz
Published: October 2019

The paper investigates the growing popularity of composite materials concentrating on explanation of their advantages, especially taking into consideration composite materials used in the aerospace industry such as polymer matrix composites, metal matrix composites, ceramic matrix composites and smart composite materials. Various types of matrices and fibers are described with special emphasis on nanotechnology and opportunities to improve the properties of composites. The paper also presents selected examples of applications in the aerospace industry.
Durability of Commercial Waste Bagasse Ash And Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag Stabilized High Plastic Clay
Authors:   BE degree in Civil Engineering (2006) from Birla Vishwakarma Mahavidhyalay, Gujarat India, Gandhi* K. S. , Shukla S. J. ,   Assistant professor Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat. Gujarat India
Published: October 2019

In the current work, a problematic expansive high plastic clayey (CH) soil of Surat, Gujarat, India has been treated with commercial waste bagasse ash (BA) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) for sustainable development. Swell shrink behavior, California bearing ratio, unconfined compressive strength for different curing period have been studied. As expansive soil is very sensitive to seasonal variation, cyclic drying and wetting study has been carried out on both treated and untreated samples. The optimum blend is observed to be in the proportion of 82.5%CH + 10%BA + 7.5%GGBS. The unconfined compressive test results indicate that strength of 28 days cured samples of optimum mix increases about three times and eight times when compared to untreated sample and uncured sample respectively. The soaked California bearing ratio (CBR) indicate the increase in strength with increasing curing periods from 7 to 28 days. Optimum mix shows the decrease in swelling pressure and an increase in shrinkage limit as compared to untreated soil. The experimental results show good improvement in swell-shrink behavior, unconfined compressive strength, and soaked California bearing ratio when combined with bagasse ash and slag. The findings of this study revealed that bagasse ash in combination with ground granulated blast furnace slag is suitable as a pozzolanic material in stabilization of high plastic clay to reach the target strength for structures with improved swell-shrink behavior.