bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Isolated Muscle Activation Exercises on Lumbopelvic Muscle Strength and Lumbar Range of Motion among Bike Riders
Authors: Abinaya A. , Imtiaz G. Yasmeen
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Two-wheelers are the most important means of commuting as they provide fast transportation at a low cost in India. Acquired sitting posture for a prolonged period on the bike increases the fatigue level of the Lumbopelvic muscles.

Objective:

The study aims to find out whether there is a difference in Lumbopelvic muscle strength and lumbar range of motion (ROM) between bike riders and non-bike riders and to find out the acute effect of isolated muscle activation exercises on Lumbopelvic muscle strength and lumbar ROM among bike riders.

Methodology and Procedure:

It is a quasi-experimental study in which the lumbopelvic muscle strength and lumbar ROM were measured for both bike riders (15) and nonbike riders (15). Isolated lumbopelvic muscle activation exercises were given to bike riders. Postintervention measurement of lumbopelvic muscle strength and lumbar ROM was measured after 10 days. Outcome measures: were manual muscle testing, modified MRC grading for muscle strength and modified-modified Schober test for lumbar ROM.

Results and Conclusion:

Results show that the bike riders group has significantly reduced lumbopelvic muscle power and lumbar spine ROM than nonbike riders and isolated lumbopelvic muscle activation exercise has a significant effect on lumbopelvic muscle strength and lumbar ROM in bike riders.
Association of CORADS Classification and Cardiorespiratory Fitness Profile among Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Post-Coronavirus Disease 2019 Individuals
Authors: Hariharan S. , Gayathri K. , Abishek J. R. , Priya M. Anbu
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Physiotherapy treatment is focused for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in critical, acute, and postacute phases, and the physiotherapists have the responsibility of recovering COVID-19 individuals back to their usual quality of life (QOL). Hence, evaluating the COVID-19 survivor’s QOL is important to improve their independence. Objective: This study aims to assess the patient’s cardiorespiratory fitness in association with their CORADS classification and QOL in post-COVID-19 individuals is essential during this pandemic.

Methodology:

A retrospective study was conducted with 60 post-COVID-19 individuals who were recruited by convenience.

Result:

P value of symptomatic and asymptomatic is 0.001, which is considered significant based on their VO2, and that the mean difference, standard error difference, and 95% confidence interval of the difference for both are −6.68, 0.73, and −8.14, respectively. The physical component of QOL is significant in symptomatic individuals (0.005), but all other components are nonsignificant.

Conclusion:

The impact of COVID-19 on health-related QOL and cardiorespiratory fitness is higher in symptomatic individuals than symptomatic individuals.
Computational Insights Into the Epilepsy-related Phytoconstituents of Acacia farnesiana: In silico Analysis, Molecular Modeling, and ADMET Profiling
Authors: Gupta Shristi , Mittal Payal , Arya Girish Chandra
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective:

This study aimed to evaluate the anticonvulsant potential of phytochemicals from Acacia farnesiana using molecular docking and compare their binding affinities with ethosuximide, a common anticonvulsant. Additionally, we conducted a comprehensive ADMET analysis of leucoxol, a promising phytochemical with strong docking scores against leucine-rich glioma-inactivated protein 1 (PDB ID-5Y30).

Methods:

Auto Dock Vina was employed for in silico analysis to predict binding affinities. Leucoxol exhibited significantly higher binding affinity (-7.9 kcal/mol) than ethosuximide (-4.9 kcal/mol), suggesting superior anticonvulsant potential. We thoroughly examined leucoxol’s ADMET profile to assess its pharmacokinetic and toxicological properties.

Results:

Comparative analysis indicated that leucoxol may be a more effective anticonvulsant with reduced toxicity compared to ethosuximide. It displayed strong binding and a favorable ADMET profile.

Conclusion:

Phytochemicals from Acacia farnesiana, especially leucoxol, exhibit promising binding affinities compared to ethosuximide, indicating their potential as anticonvulsant agents. Leucoxol, in particular, demonstrates strong anticonvulsant potential and a favorable ADMET profile, making it a candidate for further research as an anticonvulsant with reduced toxicity. However, additional experimental and clinical investigations are needed to confirm their efficacy and safety in treating convulsive disorders.
Study of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Prescribing Generic Medicines by Resident Doctors at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital
Authors: Dudhia Sneh Hemantbhai , Parmar Kesha Ajaykumar , Mehta Maulin Dhiren
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Context:

In this era of rapidly rising health-care costs, generic medications offer a more cost-effective alternative to branded medications.

Aims:

The main objective of this study is to evaluate junior (resident) doctors’ knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding the prescription of generic medications in a tertiary care teaching hospital.

Settings and Design:

It is an observational, cross-sectional study held at a tertiary care teaching hospital.

Materials and Methods:

An online, prevalidated questionnaire was used for this study.

Results:

A total response of 102 resident doctors was recorded. 75.70% (78) of the participants responded positively that generic medicines are cheaper than branded medicines. 68.90% (71) of participants had knowledge regarding Jan Aushadhi Yojana and generic medicine stores. About 90.30% (93) of participants positively suggested conducting a training program to increase the awareness regarding generic medicines and 86.40% (89) of participants suggested promoting the use of generic medicines. However, 26.20% (27) of participants had not read any article on generic medicines and 30.10% (31) participants disagreed with the substitution of a branded drug with a generic medicine by pharmacists. Sixty-five percent (67) of the participants preferred to prescribe generic medicines and 79.60% (82) of participants suggested that they are willing to encourage the patients to use generic medicines.

Conclusions:

Our study found that the resident doctors were well-versed in the idea of generic medications and their advantages. However, promoting training initiatives, setting up workshops, running journal club meetings, continuing medical education, etc., need to be planned to boost the number of prescriptions for generic drugs.
Antioxidant Properties of Methanolic and Acetone Extracts of Pictacia palaestina, Verbena triphylla and Nigella sativum
Authors: Alabdallat Nessrin Ghazi , Alanazi Hana
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Aims:

The aim of the study was to estimate the antioxidant characteristics of methanolic and acetone extracts of Pistacia palaestina, Verbena triphylla, and Nigella sativa.

Materials and Methods:

The biochemical antioxidant assays that used were total phenols and flavonoids, total antioxidant capacity, ferric reducing power and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging.

Results:

The maximum antioxidant capacity and the ferric-reducing power of the examined plant extracts were shown in P. palaestina/methanol whereas N. sativa L./methanol was the lowest. The maximum scavenging activity of DPPH was shown in N. sativa L./acetone (IC50 = 2688 μg/ml), followed by, V. triphylla/acetone (IC50 = 573.5 μg/ml), N. sativa/methanol (IC50 = 437.7 μg/ml), V. triphylla/methanol (IC50 = 64 μg/ml), and P. palaestina methanol and acetone extracts (IC50 = 9.5 μ/g) being the lowest.

Conclusion:

The findings with methanol extract of P. palaestina methanol shown the highest antioxidant property which and can be due to the presence of high quantity of phenols and flavonoids in the methanol extract of this plant; moreover, N. sativa acetone extract has maximum DPPH-free radical scavenging activity. This may be because the acetone extract demonstrated capabilities to scavenge radicals remarkably for Nigella sativa L seeds.
Stability Testing of Modified Amino Acid Solutions in Neonatal Parenteral Nutrition Formulations
Authors: Premakumar Chandini Menon , Dwyer Paul , Herwitker Shakeel , Turner A. Mark , Morgan Colin
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Context:

Aqueous neonatal parenteral nutrition (PN) formulations are made up of glucose, amino acids (AAs), and electrolytes. Different AA solutions are used to make these formulations. Most licensed products do not meet the nutritional needs of preterm neonates specifically for arginine. Therefore, AA solutions with additional arginine need to be developed and proven stable before being tested for clinical efficacy. PN formulations containing modified AA solutions with 15% arginine were tested in this study.

Aims:

This study aims to design a stability testing protocol and assign a shelf life to the modified PN formulations being tested.

Methods:

Physical tests including appearance, pH, optical rotation, ultraviolet absorbance, and subvisible particle count tests as well as chemical analysis using AA assay were performed in this study.

Results:

Resampling of PN bag samples posed a risk for oxidation and hence single sampling of fresh PN bags for each test point is the best practice for PN stability testing trials. AA assay is a feasible method to ensure AA stability in PN formulations.

Conclusion:

Modified PN formulations with 15% arginine were stable for 90 days without the addition of the trace element solution. Upon the addition of trace elements, the shelf life was limited to 7 days.
Quantitative Estimation of Quercetin of Some Selected Edible Plants of West Bengal by High-performance Thin-layer Chromatography Densitometry Method
Authors: Das Barnali , Saha Prerona , Maity Nandadulal
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Quercetin is a polyphenol, widely found in most edible fruits and vegetables. This plant pigment provides cardiovascular, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, asthma, and many more health benefits.

Objective:

The aim of this study is to quantify the quercetin by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method from the methanolic leaf extracts of three edible plants of Bengal, viz., Nyctanthes arbor-tristis L., Oxalis corniculata L., and Polygonum plebeium R.Br.

Materials and Methods:

HPTLC was carried out on aluminum-backed plate precoated with silica gel 60 F254, using the solvent system of toluene, ethyl acetate, formic acid, and methanol (5.5:3:1:0.5 v/v/v/v). The method validation was done according to the International Conference on Harmonization guidelines in terms of linearity, limit of detection, limit of quantification, accuracy, precision, and specificity.

Results:

The desired compound was well separated using the solvent system toluene, ethyl acetate, formic acid, and methanol (5.5:3:1:0.5 v/v/v/v) which gave a sharp and well-defined band with Rf 0.60 for quercetin. The calibration curves showed a good linear correlation coefficient (R
2 = 0.9774). The linearity range was found to be 20–100 (μg/spot). Among the selected plants, the highest amount of quercetin was found in the leaf extracts of O. corniculata L. (220.035 ± 0.06 mg/100 g) and the lowest for N. arbor-tristis L. (31.253 ± 0.99 mg/100 g).

Conclusion:

The proposed HPTLC method for quercetin estimation was found to be simple, cost-effective, precise, and accurate and can be used for the quality control of plant material. O. corniculata L. was found to be a potent source of quercetin as it possesses a decent amount of quercetin.
Evaluation of Root Coverage Procedures Using Root Coverage Esthetic Score System – A Case Series
Authors: Sidharthan Sangamithra , Babu K. Vijay , Subramanian Swetha , Farooqui Arjumand , Ubale Prerna
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Gingival recession, characterized by root surface exposure due to apical gingival margin migration, is a prevalent condition in the general populace, frequently prompting patient intervention. Mucogingival therapy may be indicated for recession control, plaque management, and dentin hypersensitivity; nevertheless, the consideration of esthetics correction as a therapeutic rationale is increasingly significant in contemporary clinical practice.

Objective:

The goal of this case series was to evaluate the most esthetic root coverage procedure of the three procedures performed.

Methods:

Patients with localized recession were treated with three different root coverage procedures, namely the free gingival graft (FGG), connective tissue graft + coronally repositioned flap (CTG + CAF), and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) + coronally positioned flap. The root coverage procedures were assessed for the root coverage esthetic score (RES) system after 6 months. The RES scores of these procedures were compared to determine if one procedure offered a greater esthetic result over the other.

Results:

All three procedures were effective in obtaining root coverage and improved clinical parameters. However, CTG with CAF, along with complete root coverage (CRC), produced a better esthetic outcome than other root coverage procedures compared in this case series. The success of root coverage procedures is based on the overall esthetic outcome along with CRC. Thus through the incorporation of the RES into everyday clinical practice, clinicians can enhance the accuracy and consistency of their evaluations, leading to improved patient care and optimizing treatment planning.
Assessment of Antimicrobial Prophylaxis in Surgical Procedures in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Southern India: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Agrawal Ananyaa , Acharya Swathi
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Context:

Surgical site infections (SSIs) are the second-most common cause of health care-associated infections and are responsible for postoperative illness leading to increased morbidity and mortality. There are various preventive strategies against SSIs such as proper surgical technique, strict asepsis in the operating theater, control of infection within the hospital or general practice, and antibiotic prophylaxis. Widespread use of prophylactic antibiotics has the disadvantage of the emergence of multiresistant organisms. Thus, the implementation of proper surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis (SAP) practice is highly recommended to assess the pattern of SAP practiced in a tertiary care hospital in southern India.

Subjects and Methods:

A prospective, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital where data were collected from 175 inpatients admitted to the surgical ward. The pattern of SAP practice was analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Results:

The pattern of antibiotic prophylaxis revealed that the most commonly used agents were third-generation cephalosporins (57.71%), followed by broad-spectrum penicillins (18.86%), second-generation cephalosporins (13.71%), fluoroquinolones (4.57%), and antiamebic drugs (13.14%) mainly for gastrointestinal surgeries.

Conclusions:

Assessing the pattern of antimicrobial prophylaxis will help us to determine the appropriateness of the drugs prescribed with respect to the procedure and will help us to give feedback to the clinician and policymakers regarding the need for improvement in case of deviation in the practice compared to the guidelines given in the hospital antibiotic policy.
An Experimental Study: The Effect of Garcinia kola on Superoxide Dismutase, Catalase, and Lipid Peroxidation Levels in the Kidney of Mice
Authors: Uzougbo Chinedum Gloria , Ashiwaju Bankole Ibrahim
Published: October 2023

Garcinia kola is a tropical plant with various traditional medicinal uses, and its potential effects on antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation make it a subject of interest for scientific investigation. This study was conducted over 2 months and 6 days to investigate the effect of consuming G. kola on catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and lipid peroxidation levels in the kidney of mice. Twelve female albino mice were divided into four groups, each consisting of three. Group 1 (control) received only growers mash, while groups A, B, and C were fed diets containing 1%, 3%, and 6% G. kola, respectively. The study revealed that mice fed with 1% G. kola exhibited a significant increase in SOD activity in their kidneys compared to other experimental groups. However, no significant changes were observed in catalase activity and lipid peroxidation levels among all the experimental groups. These findings suggest that dietary consumption of G. kola appears to be nontoxic to mice.
The Intersection of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data in Drug Discovery: A Review of Current Trends and Future Implications
Authors: Ashiwaju Bankole Ibrahim , Orikpete Ochuko Felix , Uzougbo Chinedum Gloria
Published: October 2023

The pharmaceutical landscape has been continually evolving, adapting to the myriad technological advancements of the 21st century. Among these innovations, artificial intelligence (AI) and big data have emerged as transformative tools, altering the trajectory of drug discovery processes. This review elucidates the symbiotic relationship between AI and big data in modern drug discovery, highlighting the profound enhancements in efficiency, precision, and innovation. Drawing from current research trends, we delve into the potent capabilities of AI-powered algorithms to process, analyze, and glean insights from massive, multifaceted datasets. Furthermore, we explore the tangible impacts on drug repurposing, predictive modeling, molecular simulation, and clinical trials. Yet, this merger is not devoid of challenges. The review also critically examines inherent obstacles such as data integrity, the interpretability of AI models, and the evolving regulatory frameworks. As we gaze into the future of drug discovery, this intersection of AI and big data offers promising horizons, with implications not only for faster, more precise drug development but also for personalized, efficient patient care. This article aims to provide a comprehensive perspective on the current landscape while forecasting the transformative potential in the upcoming decades.
Use of Artificial Pancreas in the Management of Diabetes Mellitus: A Bibliometric Study
Authors: Marin-Garaundo Eileen , Torre-Beteta Rosario La , Munive-Degregori Arnaldo , Alvitez Juan , Barja-Ore John , Mayta-Tovalino Frank
Published: October 2023

Objectives:

To describe the trends and characteristics of the worldwide scientific production on the use of artificial pancreas (AP) in the management of diabetes mellitus (DM).

Materials and Methods:

Scientific papers published between 2017 and 2022 were retrieved from the Scopus database using relevant keywords. Only original articles, reviews, and short surveys were included. The metadata were exported to the SciVal software for retrieving quantitative data and the main characteristics such as journals, authors, institutions, journal metrics by quartiles, subcategories, and collaborative networks were extracted.

Results:

A total of 642 articles were included after applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria: original articles, 489; reviews, 151; and short surveys, 2. The most common type of collaboration was at the national level (38.3%; citations per publication: 22.3; field-weighted citation index [FWCI]: 2.2) followed by international collaboration (29.4%; citations per publication: 19.6; FWCI: 1.94). More than 70% of articles in each year were published in journals listed in Q1. Two journals, Diabetes Technology and Therapeutics and Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology, accounted for about 22% of all publications. Six of the top 10 universities were from the United States, with The University of Virginia having the most publications (n = 54; 59 authors; citations per publication: 38.4; FWCI: 3.73).

Conclusions:

The findings of this study highlight that most research on this topic is published in high-quality journals and has a good citation impact. Notably, most research has been conducted in developed countries, thereby indicating the need for research efforts in this field from developing countries.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Cytomegalovirus Colitis in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Tertiary Center Experience
Authors: Alotaibi Yazeed , AlLehibi Abed , Almtawa Abdullah , Alotaibi Nawaf , Alghamdi Adel , Alrajhi Saad , AlQutub Adel , AlEid Ahmad , Alamr Abdulrhman , Ibrahim Bashaar Al , Alahmari Mohammed , Alhamidi Hussam , Ahmad Shameem , Alshammari Fouad , Almotawa Fahad , Altannir Youssef , Alghamdi Ahmed
Published: October 2023

Background:

Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at a higher risk of cytomegalovirus (CMV) colitis because of their immunocompromised status. There are no studies from Saudi Arabia regarding the prevalence of CMV colitis in patients with IBD.

Objective:

To determine the prevalence, characteristics, and risk factors of CMV colitis in patients with IBD in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Materials and Methods:

This retrospective study included patients with a confirmed diagnosis of IBD (aged 14–75 years) who were followed up at King Fahad Medical City, a referral care center in Riyadh, between January 2016 and December 2021; patients with indeterminate colitis or incomplete medical records were excluded.

Results:

A total of 341 patients with IBD were included, of which 236 (72.2%) had Crohn’s disease (CD) and 105 (27.8%) had ulcerative colitis (UC). Qualitative CMV PCR was done for 192 patients (60 UC and 132 CD patients), of which 14 patients were positive for CMV colitis (7.3%), and all positive CMV colitis cases were among UC patients (23.3%). However, the hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) stain and immunohistochemistry were negative for all patients. Most patients with CMV colitis were on steroids (71.4%), had at least one flare-up (64.3%), and were on biologic treatment (71.4%). Significant predictors of CMV colitis were hemoglobin (OR: 0.7; 95% CI: 0.51–0.96), albumin (OR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.78–0.98), and C-reactive protein (OR: 1.03; 95% CI: 1.01–1.06) levels.

Conclusion:

This study found that the prevalence of CMV colitis was 7.3% among patients with IBD, and no case was diagnosed in patients with CD. In addition, as all cases diagnosed using qualitative CMV PCR were negative on H and E stain and immunohistochemistry, there is need for large-scale studies to improve the diagnosis of CMV colitis.
Understanding Auditory Processing Disorder: A Narrative Review
Authors: Alanazi Ahmad A.
Published: October 2023

Auditory processing disorder (APD) is defined as difficulty in listening despite possessing hearing thresholds within the normal limit. Understanding rapid speech, following complex instructions, and listening in the existence of background noise are some of the difficulties in APD. APD has been observed in diverse clinical populations with suspected or diagnosed disorders, such as attention deficit–hyperactivity disorder, dyslexia, aphasia, and Alzheimer’s disease; however, it should be differentiated from these disorders. Despite the research on APD, its awareness is limited, resulting in it often being undiagnosed. Therefore, improving the awareness and understanding of APD is important. The current paper aims to review the literature on APD with a focus on school-age children. The prevalence, etiology, screening, and diagnosis of APD are discussed along with correlated disorders, interpretation of tests, and management strategies.
The Role of Pre-bone Marrow Transplantation Pulmonary Function Test in Predicting Post-transplant Noninfectious Pulmonary Complications
Authors: Ahmed Amani S. , Gassas Roaa S. , Ahmed Mohamed E. , Osman Ghaya , Alsaeed Ahmed S. , Absi Ahmed N. , Alamoudi Sameer M. , Alahmadi Majed D. , Khalil Manar M. , ElDadah Saleem K. , Hemaidi Ihab Y. , Rajkhan Walaa A.
Published: October 2023

Background:

Pulmonary function test (PFT) is used as a tool for pre-transplant risk assessment and as a predictor of post-transplant outcomes. As there are currently few studies that discuss the role of PFT in bone marrow transplantation (BMT) patients in Saudi settings, and as the number of transplant patients with benign and malignant conditions continues to increase, this study was conducted with the aim of assessing the local practice.

Methods:

This retrospective cohort study included all adult patients who underwent BMT at Princess Noorah Oncology Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, between 2014 and 2020. The association between established patient-related risk factors and the incidence of pulmonary complications among autologous and allogeneic groups was assessed.

Results:

A total of 186 patients were included (autologous = 143; allogenic = 43), of which 115 (61.8%) were male. At the pre-BMT phase, about 30% of the patients had comorbidities and 51% had received two rounds of salvage chemotherapy, while 16.1% had received radiation therapy. In the autologous group, the only PFT parameter that was a significant predictor of post-BMT pulmonary complications was forced vital capacity <80% (P = 0.012), while in the allogenic group, no parameter was significantly associated with pulmonary complications. The patient-related factors that were associated with respiratory distress in the autologous group were lung involvement (P = 0.03) and pre-transplant radiation (P = 0.044).

Conclusion:

The findings of this study indicated that forced vital capacity <80% was a significant factor in predicting non-infectious complications in the autologous group. Furthermore, lung involvement and pre-transplant radiation were the patient-related factors associated with pulmonary complications.
A quantitative stability result for the Prékopa–Leindler inequality for arbitrary measurable functions
Authors: Böröczky Károly J. , Figalli Alessio , Ramos João P. G.
Published: October 2023

We prove that if a triplet of functions satisfies almost-equality in the Prékopa–Leindler
inequality, then these functions are close to a common log-concave function, up to multiplication
and rescaling. Our result holds for general measurable functions in all dimensions, and provides a
quantitative stability estimate with computable constants.
Impact of Pyrethroid Plus Piperonyl Butoxide Synergist-Treated Nets on Malaria Incidence 24 Months after a National Distribution Campaign in Rwanda
Authors: Kabera Michee , Mangala Jean-Louis N. , Soebiyanto Radina , Mukarugwiro Beata , Munguti Kaendi , Mbituyumuremyi Aimable , Lucchi Naomi W. , Hakizimana Emmanuel
Published: October 2023

Malaria remains a public health priority in Rwanda. The use of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) is a key malaria prevention tool. However, expanding pyrethroid resistance threatens the gains made in malaria control. In 2018, the Rwandan malaria program strategic approach included the use of newer types of ITNs such as pyrethroid plus piperonyl butoxide (PBO) synergist-treated nets to counter pyrethroid resistance. In February 2020, 5,892,280 ITNs were distributed countrywide; 1,085,517 of these were PBO nets distributed in five districts. This study was a pragmatic observational study that leveraged the 2020 net distribution and routinely collected confirmed malaria cases to determine the impact of PBO nets 1 and 2 years after ITN distribution. No differences were observed in the average net coverage between the PBO and standard net districts. A significant reduction in malaria incidence was reported in both the PBO (P = 0.019) and two control districts that received standard nets (P = 0.008) 1 year after ITN distribution. However, 2 years after, this reduction was sustained only in the PBO (P = 0.013) and not in the standard net districts (P = 0.685). One year after net distribution, all districts had a significant reduction in malaria incidence rate (incidence rate ratio < 1). In the second year, incidence in districts with PBO nets continued to decrease, whereas in districts with standard nets, incidences were similar to predistribution levels. The results indicate that PBO nets are a promising tool to combat pyrethroid resistance in Rwanda, with protective effects of up to 2 years post distribution.
Książę Adam Jerzy Czartoryski i jego stronnicy w świetle historiografii ukraińskiej
Authors: Świątek Adam
Published: October 2023

Prince Adam Jerzy Czartoryski and his political camp in the light of Ukrainian historiography

In 1937, the Warsaw historian Marceli Handelsman published a work entitled Ukraińska polityka ks. Adama Czartoryskiego przed wojną krymską [Ukrainian politics of Prince Adam Czartoryski before the Crimean War]. So far, this book has been used by historians as the primary source of information on the Ukrainian issue in the views of the Hotel Lambert’s leader. The author of this text has decided to collect Ukrainian works referring to the topic inaugurated by Handelsman. Unfortunately, no larger study has been prepared on the Ukrainian side. However, a number of articles and encyclopaedic notes showing Prince Adam and his Eastern policy (especially during his stay at the court of Tsar Alexander I Romanov) has been published. Ukrainian authors paid much more attention to Czartoryski’s associates, who tried to put his ideas into practice. Ukrainian researchers wrote mainly about Michał Czaykowski (Sadyk Pasha) organizing the Cossack troops in the Ottoman Empire, about Hipolit Terlecki striving for the union of the Orthodox and Roman Catholic Churches, and finally about the ethnographer and writer Franciszek Duchiński clearly separating Ukraine from Russia in his writings.
Les destinées de l’humanité chez Ballanche, Leroux et Quinet: entre fatalité et liberté
Authors: Szymański Tomasz
Published: October 2023

The destinies of humanity in Ballanche, Leroux and Quinet: between fatality and freedom

The 19th century, particularly in the conceptions of the evolution of humanity by Ballanche, Leroux or Quinet, seems to highlight the idea of freedom in its struggle with fatality, whether the latter is identified with natural forces or with social order rooted in political and economic reality. Indeed, the three mentioned authors conceive the destinies of humanity as a progressive emancipation. The purpose of this article is to study, following a comparative method oriented on the history of ideas, how the relationship between freedom and fatality is articulated in each of them. While the works of Ballanche, Leroux and Quinet present numerous analogies with regard to the process of emancipation of humanity, that of Quinet is distinguished by his idea of a secular State separated from the Churches, which is the final transformation of the religious principle.
« “Nous sommes biches” par vocation ». Vocation (?) d’une demi-mondaine d’après les mémoires de Céleste Mogador, de Cora Pearl et de Rigolboche
Authors: Stępińska-Kucza Zofia
Published: October 2023

« “Nous sommes biches” par vocation ». Vocation (?) d’une demi-mondaine d’après les mémoires de Céleste Mogador, de Cora Pearl et de Rigolboche

The present paper aims to explore the topic of the vocation of a courtesan in the 19th-century France, by analyzing memoirs of tree demi-mondaines of the time: Céleste Mogador, Cora Pearl and Rigolboche. Does such a vocation exist ? If yes, how can we define this notion ? The first part tries to show that prostitution isn’t chosen by women because of the their inclination to debauchery, but is the result of the failed education and parental abandonment. The second part focuses on the importance of independence in the courtesan’s life, as a part of their vocation, and the manner to gain it.
TO THE ISSUE OF THE ASSESSMENT OF THE WINTER MINIMUM MONTHLY AVERAGE FLOW OF THE RIVERS OF THE LAKE SEVAN BASIN
Authors:   Yerevan State University, MARGARYAN V.G.
Published: October 2023

The work is devoted to the assessment of the winter minimum average monthly runoff of the lake basin. Sevan. The winter minimum average monthly flow rates are calculated for posts on rivers with a series of observations of 40 years or more and flowing into lakes. Sevan. Reliability curves were constructed, the values of the minimum monthly runoff with a security of50, 75, 80, 90, 95 and 98 % for the winter period were estimatedfor 12 sections. The values of runoff norms, its coefficients of variation (Cv) and asymmetry (Cs) are determined. An analysis of the distribution of the studied hydrological characteristics was carried out.
INVESTIGAION OF AIR ENVIRONMENT PARAMETERS AT THE WASTE WATER SYSTEM FACILITIES
Authors:   National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineerin, PROHOROV V.I. , RAZAKOV M.A. ,   National Research University MPEI,   Russian Biotechnological University
Published: October 2023

There are a review of harmful chemical compounds average values concentrations in the sewage system main structures air, which were determinate by different researches. Authors have analyzed the chemical compounds operational values concentrations in the air of sewage system objects by modern scientific researches of scientists from the leading world and Russian scientific databases (RSCI; Scopus; Web of Science; Ebsco; Agris and Cyber-leninka).There are the chemical compounds characteristics which are recommended to be used by regulatory documents in Russian Federation for the ventilation system design at sewage facilities of settlements. Authors have considered the harmful effect which could affect to human organs when the chemical compounds concentrations upraised from maximum permissible concentrations of some chemical compounds from waste water system. It has been presented the results of waste water pumping stations air environment research which were located in St...
ASSESSMENT OF THE QUALITY OF UNDERGROUND AND SURFACE WATERS OF THE VERKHNEKAMSKINDUSTRIAL DISTRICT
Authors:   Tula State University, SHEINKMAN L.E. , IVLIEVA M.S. ,   Tula State University
Published: October 2023

The article considers the influence of the Verkhnekamsk industrial district on surface and groundwater. The main pollutants entering the rivers - potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, chlorides, aliphatic amines, lead to changes in the water and hydrochemical regime. The research provides information on the micro-component composition of potash waste. The critical level of mineralization in small rivers contributes to an increase in groundwater pollution. The degree of contamination was assessed for 14 rivers of the territory of the Uralkali mine fields for 2000, 2011 and 2013. The result of the analysis of UKIZV more than half belong to the class of "extremely dirty" and "very polluted". The main polluting ingredients are sodium and potassium chlorides. In conclusion, the problems of problem solving are proposed.
NEW DATA ON THE GENESIS OF THE GYUMUSHLUG LEAD AND ZINC DEPOSIT OF THE NAKHCHIVAN AR, AZERBAIJAN
Authors:   Azerbaijan State University of Oil and Industry, KHALIFA-ZADE CH.M. , EFENDIYEVA Z.JA. ,   Azerbaijan State University of Oil and Industry, VALIEV N.G. ,   Ural State Mining University
Published: October 2023

As a result of long-term geological and sedimentological investigation of the Gyumushlug stratiform lead and zinc deposit in the carbonate strata of the Middle Devonian and study of the geological structure of the Sharur massive of the territory and adjacent areas, it became possible to develop its sedimentary ore genesis. The source of metals for the formation of the deposit was not hypothetical hydrothermal solutions, as was confirmed by previous researchers, but polymetallic deposits and manifestations developed on the Baikal basement of the Zangezur microcontinent. The formation of ore deposits of the Gyumushlug tested a difficult and long path, amounting to several hundred million years. Three stages of ore formation were established: sedimento-logical-diagenetic; catagenetic with the participation of hot highly mineralized chloride-sulfate-calcium-magnesium groundwater; tectonic, which manifestate on the border of the Late Triassic and Early Jurassic as a result of the activation of the Early Alpine phase of tec-togenesis...
VREMENSKI OSETLjIVO UMREŽAVANjE U ELEKTROENERGETSKOM SEKTORU
Authors:   Institute ", Boštjančič Rakas Slavica ,   Mihajlo Pupin",   Belgrade, Serbia, Timčenko Valentina ,   Institute "Mihajlo Pupin" Belgrade, Serbia
Published: October 2023

The paper describes time sensitive networking, a set of standards designed to improve the real-time properties of current Ethernet networks. This contributes to the implementation of a smart grid, or, in a broader sense, to implementation of Industry 4.0. A set of standards defining this paradigm is described, as well as advantages over the standard Ethernet. In addition, OPC UA architecture is described, which represents an application layer open standard, which enables communication between industrial devices and HMIs (Human Machine Interfaces) from different suppliers. Finally, considerations regarding secuity issues in such an environment are provided.
Specifičnosti primene veštačkih neuronskih mreža za modeliranje termoenergetskih procesa
Authors:   Institute ", PETROVIĆ JOVANA ,   Mihajlo Pupin",   Belgrade, Serbia, NEŠIĆ NEMANJA , DAMLJANOVIĆ ŽELJKO , STAMENKOVIĆ VESNA , MILOJEVIĆ MILENA
Published: October 2023

Razvojem tehnologije i pojavom inovativnih inženjerskih disciplina, pojavila se potreba i za preciznijim metodama modeliranja energetskih procesa, pogodne za korišćenje u realnom vremenu. Simulacija rada termoenergetskih postrojenja, koji su većinski proizvođači električne energije, od velike je važnosti kako u projektnoj tako i u fazi eksploatacije objekta. Izvršenje simulacija procesa unutar energetskog postrojenja se vrši na simulatoru koji je baziran na matematičkim modelima. U cilju unapređenja rada simulatora korišćene su veštačke neuronske mreže, pomoću kojih se može postići veća tačnost simuliranog procesa. Rad se odnosi na razvoj algoritma za izbor veštačkih neuronskih mreža, njihove arhitekture, izbor i podešavanje njihovih adekvatnih ulaznih parametara, kao sposobnosti modifikacije date arhitekture mreže i njeno prilagođavanje različitim uslovima rada posmatranog termoenergetskog postroenja. Pojednini matematički modeli zamenjeni su feedforward i RBFN VNM, prilikom modeliranja energetskih veličina izrazito stohastičnog karaktera. Pomenute veštačke neuronske mreže su se koristile za model turbine visokog pritiska sa bajpasom, vibracija na ležajevima turbine i ventilatora, kao i prilikom modeliranja temperature. Cilj rada je prikaz primene veštačke inteligencije, bazirane na prethodnim primerima, a ne jasno definisanim pravilima, za simuliranje procesa rada jednog termoenergetskog postrojenaj u eksploataciji.
The interdependence of structural properties and pseudocapacitive behavior of biomass-derived activated carbon
Authors:   University of Montenegro, Faculty of Metallurgy and Technology, Podgorica, Montenegro, Kapidžić Minea , Kastratović Sonja ,   University of Montenegro, Faculty of Metallurgy and Technology, Podgorica, Montenegro, Vujković Milica ,   University of Belgrade, Faculty of Physical Chemistry, Serbia, Grudić Veselinka ,   University of Montenegro, Faculty of Metallurgy and Technology, Podgorica, Montenegro, Mišurović Jana ,   University of Montenegro, Faculty of Metallurgy and Technology, Podgorica, Montenegro
Published: October 2023

Montenegro produces a significant amount of grapes annually for both commercial and domestic purposes. Wooden biowaste that is left after grooming poses an environmental issue as it calls for an adequate management plan. This study investigates hydrothermal treatment as an efficient strategy to convert this abundant waste into a high-quality, carbon-based energy storage material. The activation process took place in a hydrothermal reactor with ZnCl2 aqueous suspension under 200°C. The material was further carbonized at 700 °C until lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose completely decomposed. The structure of the obtained materials was investigated by means of FTIR spectroscopy. The carbonized sample was analyzed as an electrode material for supercapacitors in typical aqueous electrolytes. Cyclic voltammograms were recorded in different pH environments. The results showed that AC reached the maximum specific capacity of 104.3 F g-1 in H2SO4. This implicates thus obtained electrode material to be a promising candidate for use in energy storage systems
A computational model of the left ventricle – application in cardiomyopathy disease
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Institute for Information Technologies, Serbia, Milosevic Miljan , Milicevic Bogdan ,   University of Kragujevac, Faculty for Engineering Sciences, Serbia, Simic Vladimir ,   University of Kragujevac, Institute for Information Technologies, Serbia, Kojic Milos ,   Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Belgrade, Serbia, Filipovic Nenad ,   University of Kragujevac, Faculty for Engineering Sciences, Serbia
Published: October 2023

Cardiomyopathy or structural and functional abnormalities of the ventricular myocardium is a common cardiac disease. It can be commonly classified as hypertrophic (HCM) and dilated (DCM) cardiomyopathy. A computational model was developed to simulate drug effects on heart behavior during the heartbeat cycle. The model includes parametric left ventricle geometry supported with the finite element (FE) code PAK with the implemented methodology for loose coupling fluid-structure interaction (FSI) and coupled electromechanics which enables investigation of the influence of different drugs on the conditions of virtual cardiomyopathy patients. Passive mechanical stresses are calculated using a recently introduced orthotropic material model based on an experimental investigation of passive material properties of the myocardium. Active stresses are calculated using the Hunter excitation model. The basic equations for solid mechanics, fluid dynamics, and excitation are summarized, and the applicability of this model is illustrated on a simple model of the left ventricle which includes inlet mitral and outlet aortic valve cross-sections. The presented computational model can serve as a basis for the in-silico simulation of the drug effects in the common types of cardiomyopathy.
Numerical study of a centred crack on an elastoplastic material by the FEM method
Authors:   Faculty of Technology, University of Saida, Saida, Algeria, Bentahar Mohammed
Published: October 2023

The numerical study of crack propagation is a very complex and important problem for knowing the lifetime of a structure. Nowadays, the modelling of crack propagation by various numerical methods plays a beneficial part in solving problems in fracture mechanics. Significantly used in biomechanics, biomaterials and structural calculation, it also makes it possible to deal with certain problems of fatigue of materials. In this article, a numerical study based on the finite element method (FEM) was used for a two-dimensional model, of an elastoplastic material, containing a central crack. The article is also based on the study of different cracking factors, such as stress intensity factors KI and KII, J-integral and strain energy. On the other hand, the contrast of these parameters was precisely centred on the five contours of the crack front. In addition, Abaqus computer code was used to obtain different results, moreover, CPS4R elements were used for modelling.
Evaluation of hybrid spindle bearings with nitriding raceway steels under high rotational speeds
Authors:   Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering (WZL), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany, Gärtner Marcus , Brecher Christian ,   Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering (WZL), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany, Neus Stephan ,   Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering (WZL), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany, Catana Leonardo ,   SKF Industrie S.p.A., Turin, Italy, Greco Feliciano ,   SKF Industrie S.p.A., Turin, Italy, Morales-Espejel Guillermo ,   SKF Research and Technology Development, Houten, Netherland, Lang Defeng ,   SKF Research and Technology Development, Houten, Netherland
Published: October 2023

The further development of high-precision bearings regarding higher speeds and load-carrying capacity is becoming increasingly challenging. One approach to meet the increased requirements is to use new high-performance raceway steels. Particularly for a highly stressed lubricant film, where seizure may occur, the bearing material properties can make a key contribution in increasing the lifetime. In the following, the test results of hybrid spindle bearings of type 7008 made of nitriding steel are analysed. The bearings were tested in an endurance run for a constant speed parameter of 2.5 million ndm and a maximum contact stress of 2,900 MPa at the inner ring contact. The operational behaviour was validated based on the bearing outer ring temperature and the acceleration level in the test rig. A further sample test in endurance runs with an increased speed parameter of 2.8 million ndm and a maximum contact stress of 3,200 MPa at the inner ring shows that the performance limit of the bearing is even higher than initially assumed. The microscope analyses of the bearing steels after the test show low wear. An analysis of the test conditions in terms of contact stresses, lifetime and the pv value illustrates that the bearings can run far above standard conditions. The experimental results show that the operational limits of hybrid spindle bearings with a raceway made of nitriding steels are significantly higher than expected.
Skin as an interface: Understanding the synergy of dermatology, biomimetics and tribology
Authors:   Institute of Engineering Design and Product Development, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria, Göçerler Hakan , Gachot Carsten ,   Institute of Engineering Design and Product Development, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria, Grützmacher Philipp G. ,   Institute of Engineering Design and Product Development, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria, Eder Stefan J. ,   Institute of Engineering Design and Product Development, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria,   AC2T research GmbH, Wiener Neustadt, Austria
Published: October 2023

This review explores the intersection of tribology and dermatology, explicitly focusing on studying the human skin and drawing inspiration from natural systems. It investigates animal adaptations and their implications for biotribological applications, with examples such as the friction anisotropy and wear tolerance of snakeskin, the healing properties of fish skin and the lotus effect for reducing adhesion in biomedical devices. Understanding human skin presents challenges due to its complex structure and variability influenced by age, gender, race and environment. The paper discusses in vivo and ex vivo measurements, substitute models replicating human skin properties and contact mechanics considerations. It explores contact models, measurement methods and factors impacting skin friction, emphasising the interplay between adhesion and deformation components. Techniques such as atomic force microscopy and the colloidal probe technique provide insights into mechanical properties and molecular interactions. By comprehending the complexities of human skin and its tribological behaviour, researchers can develop innovative solutions in areas ranging from soft robotics to medical research and aerospace technology.