bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
12 Tips for Including Disability Awareness within Undergraduate Medical Education Curricula
Authors: Sinha Tanvee , Brooks William S. , Parish Ashley
Published: May 2024

Persons with disabilities (PWD) make up the largest minority group in the U.S. and experience significant health care disparities. Effective training for physicians who will inevitably encounter these patients is warranted; however, as low as 23% of American medical schools have a disability curriculum, which has resulted in a sense of unpreparedness and discomfort among physicians when caring for PWD. The goal of disability training is to provide the proper knowledge and skills to address the unique needs of PWD, mitigate health disparities, and help shape more compassionate and informed physicians. This article presents 12 tips to incorporate disability training into undergraduate medical education. These tips emphasize the inclusion of PWD in all stages of the curriculum, interprofessional education, experiential learning, and exposure to a range of disability types. By leveraging these tips, educators will be able to create effective learning opportunities and improve the future healthcare of PWD.
Dry eye disease as a common ocular disorder – current knowledge and management
Authors: Rękas Barbara , Mazurek Wojciech , Stradczuk Monika , Mazurek Łukasz , Kruczyk Barbara , Piętak Mateusz , Gniot Marcelina
Published: May 2024

Introduction and purpose
Dry eye disease is one of the most common ocular surface diseases. It is a multifactorial disease that contributes to symptoms impairing daily functioning. Dry eye syndrome occurs in up to half of the population. Therefore, proper diagnosis and treatment are necessary.
The state of knowledge
One of the most common causes is meibomian gland dysfunction, which leads to impaired homeostasis and easy evaporation of tears. Environmental factors such as air pollution and stimulants also influence the occurrence of dry eye syndrome. All these factors lead to bothersome symptoms such as impaired visual acuity, itching, pain or burning. Patients also complain of a feeling of sand under the eyelids or photophobia. These patients' diagnoses are based mainly on history and ophthalmologic examination. Also, the Schirmer test or fluorescein staining can be used. It is essential to quickly apply treatment, which is mainly based on Artificial tears. Artificial tears are primarily a symptomatic treatment, while they are first-line therapy. In addition, treatment can include serum drops, anti-inflammatory drugs, or supplementation with omega-3 and omega-6 acids.
Summary
Dry eye disease affects many people, especially the elderly. Symptoms may impair normal functioning. Untreated dry eye syndrome can also lead to many complications. Therefore, a proper diagnosis, primarily based on a basic ophthalmological examination, and individually tailored treatment are necessary. New treatment methods are described in the literature, and they seem to be promising.
The Benefits of Ice Baths on Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness after high intensity training
Authors: Rutkowska Marta , Bieńko Mateusz , Król Tomasz , Toborek Michalina , Marchaj Magdalena , Korta Karolina , Putra Anna , Niedziela Natalia , Margas Mikołaj
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
In the field of sports and exercise science researchers are exploring methods to enhance recovery after training sessions. One popular approach that has gained attention is the use of ice baths.
Purpose:
This review examines how ice baths impact muscle recovery time following high intensity workouts looking at both the effects and practical considerations with a focus, on Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS). The PubMed database was used in this study. A literature review was conducted using the keywords: “cold water”, “muscle regeneration”, “muscle soreness”, “DOMS” and “ice bathing”.
State of Knowledge:
Ice baths have been found to trigger vasoconstriction reduce inflammation and alleviate muscle soreness. However, their effectiveness in reducing exercise-induced inflammation and muscle soreness remains uncertain. The impact on DOMS varies among individuals due to factors like genetics, age, gender and health conditions. This variability highlights the challenges of incorporating ice baths into workout recovery routines.
Summary:
The use of ice baths in post-exercise recovery presents a complex landscape with diverse physiological responses and variable outcomes. While practical guidelines exist for the application of ice baths in high-intensity training, debates persist regarding their efficacy on DOMS compared to active recovery. While ice baths are incorporated into holistic recovery strategies conflicting research casts doubt on their standalone effectiveness prompting further exploration of how they complement other recovery methods. Moreover, potential drawbacks and conflicting evidence regarding their influence on long-term training adaptations raise questions about the overall costs and benefits.
Pain assessment tools: A literature review
Authors: Michalczewska Aneta , Wierzejska Natalia , Pach Magdalena , Fugas Agnieszka , Nowak Agnieszka , Chmielowiec Zuzanna , Partyka Alicja , Dziedzic Mariola , Smykiewicz Karolina , Dobrzańska Justyna
Published: May 2024

Pain is a major factor expressed by hospital patients and is the main
reason they seek medical help. Evidence suggests that children
experiencing pain often do not receive optimal pain assessment and
relief. This article refers to a literature review discussing tools
and management strategies for assessing children's pain. It concludes
that implementing an educational program for medical professionals
could enhance their awareness of best practices in pain assessment and
management guidelines.
Diagnostic problems of unusal somatic disorder - Munchausen syndrome by proxy
Authors: Matuszewska Justyna , Babkiewicz-Jahn Kamila , Szymańska Adrianna , Wilanowska Wiktoria , Oleksak Izabela , Maliszewska Karolina , Załęska Natalia
Published: May 2024

Introduction and purpose
Munchausen syndrome by proxy is a factitious disorder characterized by the search for and induction of somatic symptoms, the falsification of laboratory results, and even the mutilation of  a loved one, usually a child, by a parent or caregiver. Paediatricians often only have information about the child's condition from an interview with the child’s guardian, so it is very important to differentiate feigned disorders from real, sometimes difficult to diagnose, cases of illness. We may suspect them if the parent reports unusual symptoms in the child, insinuates further treatments and hospital stays, has above-average knowledge of medical terminology, and is aggressive towards the staff. Prominent among the causes of  Munchausen syndrome by proxy are first and foremost the desire to focus the parent/carer’s attention on themselves and the expectation of recognition for their care and concern for the child.
Methods and materials
The following review was based on articles from the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Key search terms included munchausen syndrome, munchausen syndrome by proxy, treatment, diagnosis, paediatric condition falsification, factitious disorder.
Conclusions
Due to the nature of this disorder, physicians of different specialities may come across it during their practice. Increasing their knowledge on this topic and the effects of Munchausen syndrome by proxy will allow the correct diagnosis to be established and appropriate psychiatric therapy with psychological care to be introduced, as well as protecting children who are victims of the actions of their caregivers.
The Effects of Selling Formats and Upstream Competition on Product Pricing and Quality Design
Authors: Hsiao Lu , Ma Xin , Chen Ying-Ju
Published: May 2024

Problem definition: In practice, consumers are directly or indirectly connected with branded manufacturers through intermediaries across industries. In this paper, we explore the effects of different selling formats on product quality and price depending on consumer valuations in a market. We employ a distribution family to comprehensively capture the heterogeneity of consumer valuations. Motivated by realistic phenomena, consumer valuations are used to investigate strategic decisions under different selling formats that are not trivial to analyze. Methodology/results: We develop game-theoretical models to examine the equilibrium decisions of stakeholders. The impact of consumer valuations is investigated and validated using sensitivity analysis, and the results are connected to practice. First, we find that agency selling induces a premium quality and maximizes the channel profit; remarkably, a nonmonotonic (approximate U-shaped) relationship exists between the agency fee and consumer valuations. A higher consumer surplus can be achieved in an agency selling channel compared with a reselling channel, particularly when targeting a mass of high-end consumers. Second, by examining distinct consumer valuations, maintaining top-notch quality and the highest price in an agency selling channel is not universally viable under some conditions. Third, in the case of production-level competition, an agency selling format tends to cause product quality to vary noticeably. Moreover, in the hybrid selling channel, in contrast to agency selling, the high-type manufacturer reduces both quality and price, which bolsters the overall profits of the channel and the consumer surplus. Managerial implications: Branded manufacturers can efficiently respond to individualized consumer needs in a centralized distribution channel. In contrast, for selling basic products, the reselling channel could contribute to achieving economies of scale and offering competitive prices. In the agency selling channel, standardized pricing determined by branded manufacturers can create a consistent perception of product quality throughout the distribution network.

Funding: The research of L. Hsiao was supported by Ministry of Science and Technology (now National Science and Technology Council), Grant/Award Number: MOST 110-2410-H-005-016-MY3. The research of Y.-J. Chen was supported by the HK RGC General Research Fund [GRF 16500821, GRF 16501722, and HKUST C6020-21GF].

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2022.0470 .
A produção de conhecimento sobre jogos no ensino de Ciências: um olhar para os periódicos da área
Authors: Mota Lins Torres Julia Maria , Maximo Pereira Marta
Published: May 2024

Alguns autores apontam que o uso de jogos em trabalhos no Ensino de Ciências no Brasil tem sido feito com certo espontaneísmo, o que se reflete na fragilidade dos referenciais teóricos da maioria dessas publicações. Nessa direção, este artigo tem por objetivo responder à seguinte pergunta: como estão sendo produzidos conhecimentos sobre jogos no Ensino de Ciências? Foram usados como corpus de análise os artigos sobre jogos presentes nas revistas brasileiras dos Qualis A1 e A2 de 2016 da área de Ensino de Ciências. O trabalho consistiu em uma revisão de literatura, de caráter qualitativo. Foram considerados os seguintes aspectos para a análise dos artigos: ano de publicação; revista em que o artigo foi publicado; tipo de artigo; referenciais utilizados na fundamentação teórica dos artigos; contribuições dos artigos de revisão de literatura. Foi possível identificar no corpus de 75 artigos a mesma quantidade de trabalhos de Pesquisa empírica e de Propostas didáticas (com ou sem aplicação em sala de aula ou outros espaços), com baixíssimo número de Pesquisas teóricas. A maior parte dos artigos do corpus utiliza citações a múltiplos autores como forma de fundamentar seus trabalhos, porém sem associá-las ou articulá-las, nem entre si e nem com o artigo como um todo. Apontamos para a necessidade de que os jogos no Ensino de Ciências sejam compreendidos e trabalhados, do ponto de vista da pesquisa, com critérios de delimitação conceitual, teórica e metodológica claros e com fundamentação na literatura existente, de modo análogo às outras temáticas de investigação da área.
As múltiplas vozes do deslocamento
Authors: Cardoso Bárbara Chaves
Published: May 2024

Nesta resenha, pretende-se uma apreciação crítica da obra Os pretos de Pousaflores (2023), de Aida Gomes, inicialmente publicada em 2011 em Portugal, e recém publicada no Brasil. O texto procura versar sobre características interessantes e chamativas do romance tratado, entre elas a sua escrita polifônica que evoca diversas vozes, e nesse sentido, diversos pontos de vista de uma experiência de deslocamento entre países; o realce da narrativa em tratar os temas do racismo e do não-pertencimento de imigrantes africanos em Portugal; e além disso, o tratamento destinado às mulheres negras em um ambiente majoritariamente branco e de mentalidade colonial.
Esquema de Antonio Candido
Authors: Gonçalves Filipe de Freitas
Published: May 2024

Usando como fio condutor uma comparação entre o capítulo de Formação da Literatura Brasileira (1958) sobre Memórias de um Sargento de Milícias (1852) e o ensaio Dialética da Malandragem (1993), este artigo propõe um esboço do desenvolvimento das concepções teóricas que norteiam o trabalho de Antonio Candido (1918-2017), assim como suas implicações históricas e políticas. Expandindo a discussão, procuramos em seu estudo sobre o caipira e em sua tese sobre Sílvio Romero os fundamentos de sua concepção inicial e, no recuo teórico, fruto do fechamento da janela de modernização em que elaborou a primeira parte de sua obra, a explicação para a concepção de redução estrutural que elaborou em sua maturidade.
A fantasmagoria do ver e o movimento do viver: notas sobre a experiência urbana em Poe, Woolf e Evaristo
Authors: Ibrahim Ghabriel
Published: May 2024

O artigo busca aproximar a flânerie narrada no conto “O homem da multidão”, de Poe, e no ensaio “Street Haunting”, de Virginia Woolf, a partir de um regime de visão específico que se caracteriza pela prevalência do fantasmagórico. Testando essa hipótese, o texto avança para as particularidades de cada flânerie enquanto movimento pela cidade, lendo as situações narradas a partir sobretudo da leitura benjaminiana que associa fantasmagoria ao fetiche da mercadoria. Findo esse primeiro momento, apresenta-se nova perspectiva de movimento na e da cidade a partir do conto “O cooper de Cida”, de Conceição Evaristo, que prescinde de qualquer elemento fantasmagórico e, justamente nessa ausência, enseja novas leituras sobre a relação entre ritmo e existência na cidade.
Evaluation of the effects of health education interventions for hypertensive patients based on the health belief model
Authors: Wang Hong-Mei , Chen Ying , Shen Yan-Hua , Wang Xiao-Mei
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and stroke, and its prevalence is increasing worldwide. Health education interventions based on the health belief model (HBM) can improve the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of patients with hypertension and help them control their blood pressure.

AIM

To evaluate the effects of health education interventions based on the HBM in patients with hypertension in China.

METHODS

Between 2021 and 2023, 140 patients with hypertension were randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group. The intervention group received health education based on the HBM, including lectures, brochures, videos, and counseling sessions, whereas the control group received routine care. Outcomes were measured at baseline, three months, and six months after the intervention and included blood pressure, medication adherence, self-efficacy, and perceived benefits, barriers, susceptibility, and severity.

RESULTS

The intervention group had significantly lower systolic blood pressure [mean difference (MD): -8.2 mmHg, P < 0.001] and diastolic blood pressure (MD: -5.1 mmHg, P = 0.002) compared to the control group at six months. The intervention group also had higher medication adherence (MD: 1.8, P < 0.001), self-efficacy (MD: 12.4, P < 0.001), perceived benefits (MD: 3.2, P < 0.001), lower perceived barriers (MD: -2.6, P = 0.001), higher perceived susceptibility (MD: 2.8, P = 0.002), and higher perceived severity (MD: 3.1, P < 0.001) than the control group at six months.

CONCLUSION

Health education interventions based on the HBM effectively improve blood pressure control and health beliefs in patients with hypertension and should be implemented in clinical practice and community settings.
Transparent cap adjusted the stent placed for stenosis after endoscopic injection of esophageal varices: A case report
Authors: Zhang Fu-Long , Xu Jing , Zhu Yuan-Dong , Wu Qian-Neng , Shi Yan , Fang Lei , Zhou Dan , Wang Hai , Huang Chao-Jun , Zhou Chun-Hua , Zhu Qun
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

The stent embedded in the esophageal mucosa is one of the complications after stenting for esophageal stricture. We present a case of stent adjustment with the aid of a transparent cap after endoscopic injection of an esophageal varices stent.

CASE SUMMARY

A 61-year-old male patient came to the hospital with discomfort of the chest after the stent implanted for the stenosis because of endoscopic injection of esophageal varices. The gastroscopy was performed, and the stent embedded into the esophageal mucosa. At first, we pulled the recycling line for shrinking the stent, however, the mucosa could not be removed from the stent. Then a forceps was performed to remove the mucosa in the stent, nevertheless, the bleeding form the mucosa was obvious. And then, we used a transparent cap to scrape the mucosa along the stent, and the mucosa were removed successfully without bleeding.

CONCLUSION

A transparent cap helps gastroscopy to remove the mucosa embedded in the stent after endoscopic injection of the esophageal varices stent.
C634Y mutation in RET-induced multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A: A case report
Authors: Zhang Hui-Fen , Huang Shu-Ling , Wang Wen-Li , Zhou Yu-Qing , Jiang Jun , Dai Zhuo-Jin
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2) is a rare, autosomal dominant endocrine disease. Currently, the RET proto-oncogene is the only gene implicated in MEN2A pathogenesis. Once an RET carrier is detected, family members should be screened to enable early detection of medullary thyroid carcinoma, pheochromocytoma, and hyperparatitity. Among these, medullary thyroid carcinoma is the main factor responsible for patient mortality. Accordingly, delineating strategies to inform clinical follow-up and treatment plans based on genes is paramount for clinical practitioners.

CASE SUMMARY

Herein, we present RET proto-oncogene mutations, clinical characteristics, and treatment strategies in a family with MEN2A. A family study was conducted on patients diagnosed with MEN2A. DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood of family members, and first-generation exon sequencing of the RET proto-oncogene was conducted. The C634Y mutation was identified in three family members spanning three generations. Two patients were sequentially diagnosed with pheochromocytomas and bilateral medullary thyroid carcinomas. A 9-year-old child harboring the gene mutation was diagnosed with medullary thyroid carcinoma. Surgical resection of the tumors was performed. All family members were advised to undergo complete genetic testing related to the C634Y mutation, and the corresponding treatments administered based on test results and associated clinical guidelines.

CONCLUSION

Advancements in MEN2A research are important for familial management, assessment of medullary thyroid cancer invasive risk, and deciding surgical timing.
Cetuximab combined with chemotherapy for simultaneous esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and colon adenocarcinoma: A case report
Authors: Luo Xin-Xin , Du Yu-Xuan , Zhang Qi-Qing , Zhang Lin , Zeng Shu-Ying , Yu Zhi-Hong , Shen Peng , Feng Zheng-Quan
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

Multiple primary carcinomas (MPCs) are defined as two or more independent primary cancers that occur simultaneously or sequentially in the same individual. Synchronous MPCs are rarer than solitary cancers or metachronous MPCs. Accurate diagnoses of synchronous MPCs and the choice of treatment are critical for successful outcomes in these cases.

CASE SUMMARY

A 64-year-old patient presented with dysphagia, without obvious cause. A diagnosis of synchronous esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and colon adenocarcinoma with liver metastasis was confirmed based on examination and laboratory results. After multi-disciplinary consultations, combination chemotherapy (a 3-wk cycle with oxaliplatin 212 mg administered on day 1 and capecitabine 1.5 g twice daily on days 1-14) and esophageal cancer radiotherapy were initiated. Based on the results of genetic testing, we switched to a regimen of leucovorin + fluorouracil + oxaliplatin and cetuximab regimen for 8 cycles. Subsequently, capecitabine and bevacizumab were administered until the most recent follow-up, at which the tumor remained stable.

CONCLUSION

Successful cetuximab chemotherapy treatment provides a reference for the non-operative and homogeneous treatment of different pathological types of synchronous MCPs.
Missed Lessons from The Holocaust: Avoiding Complexities and Darker Aspects of Jewish Child Survivors' Life Experiences
Authors: Michlic Joanna Beata
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Joanna Beata Michlic sees how much of the attention to child survivor histories can be traced to the experiences of Jewish children after the Holocaust. She criticizes the continuing attempts to draw a narrative of redemption and renewal from this history—and its uses as a paradigm—as simplistic and harmful. Instead, Michlic argues it is important to understand the many vulnerabilities of child survivors, not simply celebrate their success. Accepting the complexities and painful truths pertaining to the Jewish child survivors' biographies uncovers valuable lessons that may be applied to policies directed at today's vulnerable child refugees. Fully examining the experience of young Jewish refugees recognizes that reaching a peaceful Western country to start life anew did not mean that the children instantly transformed themselves into happy individuals. Michlic argues that the multiple scars incurred by war, loss, separation, and the imperative to adapt to a new life are not simply left behind. In the case of Jewish child survivors, these wounds lingered, shaping their identities and memories throughout their lives. It is essential to listen to child survivors' testimonies about the emotional price of losing their families and communities. Invoking the past to understand the present includes being willing to accept history's uneasy, painful, and complex personal realities.
Influence of carrier signal frequency error on the demodulation phase of the fiber optic hydrophone
Authors: Yang Yue , Xu Hanfeng , Tong Zhijian , Bai Dingwen , Chen Yueyang , Li Dongming
Published: May 2024

This paper investigates the influence of carrier signal frequency error on the demodulation phase of the fiber optic hydrophone with the demodulation algorithm of the phase generated carrier (PGC) and heterodyne. The proposed theory is demonstrated experimentally, with results showing that the frequency error between the carrier wave and local oscillator signal will influence the demodulated phase signal of the fiber optic hydrophone, which is consistent with the theory proposed. When the PGC algorithm is adopted, the error leads to a time-varying amplitude of the demodulated signal while a linear trend is superimposed on the signal demodulated by the heterodyne method.
Unveiling the Atomic Dipole Phase: EUV Interferometry of High Harmonics Generated in Gases and Solids
Authors: Kuzkova Nataliia , van Essen Pieter J. , de Keijzer Brian , Kraus Peter M.
Published: May 2024

We present direct measurements of the atomic dipole phase in high-harmonic generation using EUV interferometry. By employing a common-path birefringent interferometer, the intensity-dependent dipole phase in both gases and solids was accessed, revealing underlying mechanisms.
Advances in HHG for User Operations: Novel Techniques for Monochromatization
Authors: Hort O. , Jurkovičová L. , Vábek J. , Albrecht M. , Staněk M. , Finke O. , Ben Ltaief L. , Roos A. H. , Hoque Z. , Klimešová E. , Sundaralingam A. , Antipenkov R. , Grenfell A. , Špaček A. , Szuba W. , Krikunova M. , Mudrich M. , Andreasson J. , Nejdl J.
Published: May 2024

In this work, we introduce two novel techniques for generating (quasi)monochromatic XUV radiation. One utilizes Bessel-Gauss beams and modulated gas media, while the other achieves continuous VUV tuning, enhancing versatility and efficiency for user applications.
Table-top coherent XUV source with a brightness of 1kW/(mm2sr)/1%BW at 130eV
Authors: Tschernajew Maxim , Hilbert Vinzenz , Klas Robert , Herrfurth Oliver , Breitkopf Sven , Rothhardt Jan , Eidam Tino , Limpert Jens
Published: May 2024

We present a highly stable, easy-to-use, table-top coherent XUV source delivering a brightness of >1kW/(mm2sr)/1%BW at 130eV (9.5nm). IT is based on high-harmonic generation driven by an ultrastable Ytterbium-dope fiber laser and a multi-pass-cell based post-compression to 35fs.
Roadmap towards High-Brilliance EUV and SXR Sources Driven by Advanced Nonlinear Laser Technologies
Authors: Manschwetus Bastian , Merkl Philipp , Shumakova Valentina , Braatz Thomas , Autuori Alice , Starosielec Sebastian , Buss Jan Heye , Riedel Robert
Published: May 2024

High-power femtosecond lasers based on optical-parametric chirped-pulse amplifiers and multi-pass cell spectral broadening are cruicial technologies along the roadmap towards next generation high-brilliance extreme ultraviolet and soft-X-ray sources via higher-harmonic generation.
Design of time-delay-compensated grating monochromators for femtosecond pulses in the extreme-ultraviolet
Authors: Poletto Luca , Frassetto Fabio
Published: May 2024

It is presented the design of a compact time-delay-compensated monochromator (TDCM) to provide pulses with sub-10-fs temporal response. The TDCM has four optical elements: two gratings and two mirrors. The design has advantages in terms of costs, compactness, alignment robustness and throughput.
Atom probe tomography using an extreme ultraviolet pulsed light source
Authors: Miaja-Avila Luis , Caplins Benjamin W. , Chiaramonti Ann N. , Garcia Jake M. , Sanford Norman A.
Published: May 2024

We describe an atom probe microscope that is coupled with an ultrafast extreme ultraviolet high-harmonics source to successfully trigger field ion emission from semiconductor, insulating, and cryogenically cooled organic materials.
Scanning K-Edge Subtraction Imaging Using Laser- Compton Sources as a Method for High-Contrast and Low-Dose Mammography
Authors: Reutershan Trevor , Effarah Haytham , Nguyen Christine , Nelson Eric C. , Chesnut Kyle D. , Barty C.P.J.
Published: May 2024

A single energy tuning, K-edge subtraction imaging method using laser-Compton sources (LCS) is presented. The narrow spectral bandwidths that LCSs provide can improve clinical dualenergy mammography by 1000x in contrast enhancement or dose reduction.
Optimisation of K-edge Subtraction Imaging for Narrow-Band Inverse Compton X-ray Sources
Authors: Günther Benedikt , Kokhanovskyi Ivan , Achterhold Klaus , Dierolf Martin , Pfeiffer Franz
Published: May 2024

K-edge subtraction (KES) imaging at inverse Compton X-ray sources is little explored. First, the K-edge-filter approach is introduced and reviewed. In particular, we present and experimentally demonstrate an optimisation of KES overcoming the filter-method’s limitations.
Characterization and optimization of 100 kHz attosecond GHHG beamlines at ELI ALPS facility
Authors: De Marco Massimo , Csizmadia Tamás , Oldal Lénárd Gulyás , Filus Zoltán , Grósz Tímea , Biswas Chinmoy , Jójárt Péter , Seres Imre , Bengery Zsolt , Gilicze Barnabás , Kahaly Subhendu , Varjú Katalin , Major Balázs
Published: May 2024

The stability of the HR HHG beamlines at the ELI ALPS laser facility (Hungary) was studied, and the XUV generation was simulated for the main physical parameters to improve the beamline efficiency.
Multi-GHz Photoinjector Lasers for High Brightness X-ray Sources
Authors: Seggebruch Michael W. L. , Amador Alex , Betts Shawn , Garcia Adan , Gitlin Daniel , Imeshev Gennady , De Luna Lopez Ricardo , Quinonez Mauricio , Raksi Ferenc , Zapata Kelly , Zapata Luis E. , Zhang Allen J. , Barty C. P. J.
Published: May 2024

We present a photogun laser (PGL) architecture that generates 11.424 GHz repetition rate, 2.0 ps FWHM, 249 nm pulses for injecting electron bunches into sequential RF buckets of a pulsed X-band linac.
Optical coherence tomography of encapsulated two-dimensional materials using extreme ultraviolet radiation from high-harmonic generation sources
Authors: Wiesner Felix , Reinhard Julius , Abel Johann J. , Wünsche Martin , Paulus Gerhard G. , Fuchs Silvio
Published: May 2024

We present the investigation of encapsulated two-dimensional materials with extreme ultraviolet (EUV) coherence tomography. This method is demonstrated on encapsulated graphene using EUV radiation produced by a high-harmonic generation source.
Enhancing multi-wavelength extreme ultraviolet ptychography with vortex beams
Authors: Pelekanidis Antonios , Zhang Fengling , Gouder Matthias , Du Mengqi , Eikema Kjeld S. E. , Witte Stefan
Published: May 2024

We propose to improve multi-wavelength extreme ultraviolet imaging via high-efficiency structuring of high harmonic beams using a driving laser carrying orbital angular momentum. We demonstrate the improved reconstruction results in a multi-wavelength ptychography setup.
The Apollon laser facility : operational aspects of the multi-PW beam line
Authors: Gobert F. , Ayoul Y. , Beluze A. , Mataja D. , Fréneaux A. , Lebas N. , Chabanis M. , Dumergue M. , Audebert P. , Papadopoulos D. N. , Mathieu F.
Published: May 2024

The Apollon laser facility reached recently the 3.7 PW operational level. In this presentation we discuss the main development works of the 10 PW beamline such as the compressor qualification and the last stage amplifier.
Flexible XUV source at high repetition rate with multiple output mode selection: photon energy, temporal resolution, spectral resolution
Authors: González Aura Inés , Falcoz Franck
Published: May 2024

Yb-based laser amplifiers opened the way to use high average power with high repetition rate laser systems to drive XUV sources by HHG process. The applications often require switching between photon energy region, or to change the spectral resolution, and the temporal resolution. We report the development of a flexible XUV source, with two photon energy regions outputs, low photon energy (20 – 36 eV) and high photon energy (30 – 200 eV). The low photon energy output can be used in high temporal resolution (< 30fs) or high spectral resolution mode (< 50 meV). The high photon energy output can be switch between two spectral regions, 30-70 eV or 70-200 eV.
Amplification of Supercontinuum Seed Pulses at 1.1–1.4 m by Cascade Rotational SRS in Compressed Hydrogen
Authors: Mackonis Paulius , Petrulėnas Augustinas , Černeckytė Augustė , Rodin Aleksej M.
Published: May 2024

Multiple higher-order Stokes of stimulated rotational Raman scattering (SRRS) in compressed hydrogen covered the wavelength range from ~1078 nm to ~1355 nm using ~1.2 ps pump pulses from a Yb:YAG laser. The use of a supercontinuum seed, as well as circular polarization of pump pulses at high hydrogen pressure, made it possible to significantly reduce the threshold for SRRS and suppress vibrational Stokes modes. Cascade excitation of SRRS, corresponding to a shift of 587 cm-1, ensured a spectrum spanning four Stokes orders and a conversion efficiency of 52% with an output energy exceeding 3 mJ. The synthesized spectrum corresponded to ~14 fs transform-limited pulses.
Laser-driven x-ray generation for industrial applications - A literature- and model-based approach to evaluate brilliance, flux and radiation safety
Authors: Vieker Jochen , Wester Rolf , Bergmann Klaus , Hoffmann Hans-Dieter , Schröder Sophia , Häfner Constantin Leon
Published: May 2024

A simplified model based on data from literature is presented, to determine the x-ray emission spectrum as function of laser pulse energy, wavelength and peak intensity, to assess applications and radiation safety requirements.
Gamma/X-Ray Refractive Index of Materials Near Nuclear Resonances and Simulated Experiments Using Laser-Compton Sources
Authors: Reutershan Trevor , Barty C.P.J.
Published: May 2024

Nuclear resonance fluorescence is the process by which atomic nuclei absorb and emit radiation. Around these resonances, the refractive index changes according to the Kramers-Kronig relations. We discuss how to measure such physics using laser-Compton sources.
Thermal-deformation X-ray mirror development for advanced light sources
Authors: Yang Fugui , Li Ming , Zhang Xiaowei , Sheng Weifan
Published: May 2024

Active optics is a key technology for maintaining wavefront preservation during X-ray beam transport in fourth-generation light sources. In this paper, we pro-pose a concept for surface thermal-driven active op-tics. In this scheme, the overlap between the position of driving source and the x-ray footprint can give strong modulation performance, including spatial resolution and modulation efficiency. An electric-heating-based X-ray deformable mirror was developed. The performance of the mirror are demonstrated in this report.
Depressed cladding buried waveguide lasers: single-crystal vs. polycrystalline Cr:ZnS
Authors: Demesh M. , Sorokin E. , Einmo E. , Grivas Ch. , Tolstik N. , Okhrimchuk A.G. , Smayev M. P. , Likhov V.V. , Kalashnikov V.L. , Brüne Ch. , Di Sabatino M. , Sorokina I.T.
Published: May 2024

We report a comparative study of depressed-cladding buried waveguide lasers manufactured by ultra-short-pulse-laser writing in single- and polycrystalline Cr:ZnS. Single-crystalline samples yield over 150 mW at 2272 nm with <0.62 dB/cm loss.
Detection of dispersion-related pulse-duration changes with attosecond precision
Authors: Klenke A. , Margraf J. , Segbers M. , Eidam T. , Limpert J.
Published: May 2024

We present a simple setup to detect dispersion related pulse duration fluctuations in an ultrafast laser system. By applying pre-chirping of the pulses in combination with spectral-broadening a measurement signal can be generated at the repetition rate of the laser that allows to detect these changes with precision of 200 attoseconds.
Single-Shot, High-Repetition Rate Carrier-Envelope-Phase Detection of Ultrashort Laser Pulses
Authors: Guo Chen , Miranda Miguel , Raab Ann-Kathrin , Viotti Anne-Lise , Guerreiro Paulo Tiago , Romero Rosa , Crespo Helder , L’Huillier Anne , Arnold Cord L.
Published: May 2024

We present a novel detection scheme for single-shot Carrier-Envelope Phase measurement scheme, based on evaluating f-2f fringes by means of optical Fourier transform, which is suitable for high-repetition rates (> 200kHz) lasers.
Probing the structural dynamics of Tellurium with time-resolved High-order Harmonic Generation
Authors: Annunziata A. , Soncini C. , Scandella M. , Devetta M. , Stagira S. , Tancogne-Dejean N. , De Giovannini U. , Hannes H. , Rubio A. , Crepaldi A. , Cinquanta E. , Faccialà D. , Vozzi C.
Published: May 2024

We developed a time-resolved high-order harmonic generation scheme for probing the ultrafast lattice and electron dynamics of Tellurium. The results show the high sensitivity of this technique.
Ultraviolet supercontinuum generation using a differentially-pumped integrated glass chip
Authors: Wanie Vincent , Barbato Pasquale , Hahne Josina , Ryabchuk Sergey , Wahid Ammar Bin , Amorim David , Månsson Erik P. , Trabattoni Andrea , Osellame Roberto , Vázquez Rebeca Martínez , Calegari Francesca
Published: May 2024

A microfluidic chip integrating a gas cell and two lateral differential pumping stages is used to generate ultraviolet supercontinua via third-harmonic generation in neon or argon. Spectra spanning from 200 to 325 nm are obtained with pulse energies up to ~0.8 μJ, corresponding to 0.2% conversion efficiency.
Amplification of high-energy single-cycle pulses
Authors: Takahashi Eiji J.
Published: May 2024

The advanced DC-OPA scheme has achieved carrier-to-envelope phase-stable mid-infrared laser pulses for a bandwidth of over one octave with an output pulse energy of 53 mJ, and a peak power of 6 TW.
Efficient Few-cycle Pulses Compression for 0.1-TW Sub-cycle Transient
Authors: Fang Shaobo , Liu Yuzhe , Chen Zhidong , Yang Senchi
Published: May 2024

We provide a high-efficient, solid-based cascade compression technique from sub-200 fs to few-cycle regime with peak power increased over 10-fold. We foresee this scheme enables a high repetition rate pumping source for intense XUV generation.
Dispersion engineering in nonlinear multipass cells to enhance pulse quality
Authors: Karst Maximilian , Benner Maximilian , Gierschke Philipp , Stark Henning , Limpert Jens
Published: May 2024

We present a dispersion-engineered multipass cell operating in the enhanced frequency chirping regime. Reshaping of the nonlinear interaction allows 96% of the energy to be contained in the temporal main feature of the mJ-class pulses.
Scaling of the Fractional Angular Momenta of a Light Polarization Möbius Strip in Extreme Non Linear Optics
Authors: Luttmann Martin , Vimal Mekha , Guer Matthieu , Hergott Jean-François , Khoury Antonio Z. , Hernández-García Carlos , Pisanty Emilio , Ruchon Thierry
Published: May 2024

The rotational symmetries of a light beam are linked with angular momenta. Thus, the spin and orbital angular momentum are respectively related to the rotational invariance of the polarization vector and of the spatial distribution of the light field. They may take values which are integer multiple of ℏ. In some cases, a generalized angular momentum, linear combination of the first two and taking fractional values, appears naturally. We have shown theoretically and experimentally that it is conserved during high harmonics generation, yielding beams with half integer units of ℏ angular momenta.
Simulating Macroscopic High-order Harmonic Generation Driven by Structured Laser Beams Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Pablos-Marín José Miguel , Serrano Javier , Hernández-García Carlos
Published: May 2024

We use artificial intelligence to simulate high-order harmonic generation driven by structured laser pulses. Our method couples time-dependent Schrödinger simulations with electromagnetic field propagation, accelerating calculations and revealing hidden signatures in the far-field harmonic emission.
Tuneable Vacuum Ultraviolet Generation from an Ytterbium-based Ultrafast Laser by Resonant Dispersive Wave Emission
Authors: Brahms Christian , Satpathy Deepjyoti , Grigorova Teodora , Nordmann Joleik , Travers John C.
Published: May 2024

We frequency convert ultrafast laser pulses from a commercial high-power ytterbium-based drive laser to the vacuum ultraviolet down to 145 nm through resonant dispersive wave emission in a gas-filled hollow-core fibre.
Deep SBP+ 2.0: a physics-driven generation capability enhanced framework to reconstruct a space-bandwidth product expanded image from two image shots
Authors: Li Chen , Xiao Zhibo , Wang Shouyu
Published: May 2024

The space-bandwidth product (SBP) limitation makes it difficult to obtain an image with both a high spatial resolution and a large field of view (FoV) through commonly used optical imaging systems. Although FoV and spectrum stitch provide solutions for SBP expansion, they rely on spatial and spectral scanning, which lead to massive image captures and a low processing speed. To solve the problem, we previously reported a physics-driven deep SBP-expanded framework (Deep SBP+) [J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 40, 833 (2023)JOAOD60740-323210.1364/JOSAA.480920]. Deep SBP+ can reconstruct an image with both high spatial resolution and a large FoV from a low-spatial-resolution image in a large FoV and several high-spatial-resolution images in sub-FoVs. In physics, Deep SBP+ reconstructs the convolution kernel between the low- and high-spatial-resolution images and improves the spatial resolution through deconvolution. But Deep SBP+ needs multiple high-spatial-resolution images in different sub-FoVs, inevitably complicating the operations. To further reduce the image captures, we report an updated version of Deep SBP+ 2.0, which can reconstruct an SBP expanded image from a low-spatial-resolution image in a large FoV and another high-spatial-resolution image in a sub-FoV. Different from Deep SBP+, the assumption that the convolution kernel is a Gaussian distribution is added to Deep SBP+ 2.0 to make the kernel calculation simple and in line with physics. Moreover, improved deep neural networks have been developed to enhance the generation capability. Proven by simulations and experiments, the receptive field is analyzed to prove that a high-spatial-resolution image in the sub-FoV can also guide the generation of the entire FoV. Furthermore, we also discuss the requirement of the sub-FoV image to obtain an SBP-expanded image of high quality. Considering its SBP expansion capability and convenient operation, the updated Deep SBP+ 2.0 can be a useful tool to pursue images with both high spatial resolution and a large FoV.
Fourier Transform Multi-pass Photothermal Spectroscopy Using a Quantum Cascade Laser Frequency Comb
Authors: Gomółka Grzegorz , Huang Baichuan , Mikkonen Tommi , Wysocki Gerard
Published: May 2024

Fourier transform photothermal spectroscopy is demonstrated in a multi-pass configuration using a quantum cascade laser frequency comb operating between 7.7 and 8.2 µm. Broadband detection of nitrous oxide in the mid-infrared is performed as proof-of-concept.
Control of nonlinearity enables 3D silicon processing
Authors: Demesh M. , Tolstik N. , Sorokin E. , Kalashnikov V.L. , Rudenkov A. , Einmo E. , Di Sabatino M. , Sorokina I.T.
Published: May 2024

We demonstrate effective control of the shape and depth of sub-wavelength-sized structures in silicon through repeatable single pulse modifications at the optimum wavelength of 2.1 μm, which provides a balance of Kerr-effect and multi-photon absorption.
Laser Ablation of Biological Tissue with a 2.94 μm Picosecond Optical Parametric Amplifier for Ambient Mass Spectrometry Imaging
Authors: Wang Yu , Battle Ronan A. , Simon Daniel , Xiang Yuchen , Azevedo Magalhães Samuel F. , Robinson Kenneth N. , Runcorn Timothy H. , Takats Zoltan , Murray Robert T.
Published: May 2024

We report a 2.94 μm OPA with ~100 ps pulse duration, 400 nJ pulse energy and a 500 kHz repetition rate, which enables high resolution (≤10 μm) laser desorption-based mass spectrometry imaging of biological tissue.
Planar Er:LiYF4 Waveguide Laser at 2.8 μm
Authors: Bae Ji Eun , Loiko Pavel , Brasse Gurvan , Benayad Abdelmjid , Braud Alain , Camy Patrice
Published: May 2024

We report on mid-infrared laser operation of heavily Er3+-doped LiYF4 layers grown by Liquid-Phase Epitaxy. The planar waveguide laser generated 47 mW at ~2808 nm with a laser threshold of 67 mW and linear polarization.
Monolithic fiber laser emitting at 3920 nm based on Ho3+:InF3
Authors: Boilard Tommy , Fortin Vincent , Lemieux-Tanguay Maxime , Teilleul Paul Du , Carrée Jean-Yves , Vallée Réal , Bernier Martin
Published: May 2024

An output of 1 W at 3920 nm is demonstrated from a monolithic all-fiber laser in a holmium-doped fluoroindate fiber, bonded by a pair of high reflectivity fiber Bragg gratings written in the active fiber.
Watt-Level 2.3 μm Thulium Laser with Intracavity Upconversion Pumping
Authors: Dupont Hippolyte , Lenfant Timothée , Guillemot Lauren , Delen Xavier , Loiko Pavel , Braud Alain , Loiseau Pascal , Viana Bruno , Georges Thierry , Georges Patrick , Camy Patrice , Druon Frédéric
Published: May 2024

A Tm:YLF laser operating on the 3H4→3H5 transition is intracavity upconversion pumped at 1.05 μm by a diode-pumped Nd:ASL laser. The continuous-wave 2.3-μm Tm-laser delivers 1.59 W at 35 W of laser diode power.
Non-collinearily phase-matched high-power CdSiP2 OPO pumped at 2.06 μm
Authors: Piotrowski Marcin , Bogas-Droy Achille , Spindler Gerhard , Hildenbrand-Dhollande Anne
Published: May 2024

In a compact cavity, we use a CSP OPO driven by a Ho:LLF laser (2.06 μm) to achieve more than 3 W of mid-IR power with exceptional beam quality. The OPO waves are broadly tunable from 3.5 to 4.7 μm.
Optical Parametric Generation in Non-Critically Cut CdSiP2 with a Nanosecond 1.064 μm Nd:YAG Laser
Authors: Codescu M.-A. , Murray J. , Zawilski K.T. , Schunemann P.G. , Murray R.T. , Guha S.
Published: May 2024

We demonstrate nanosecond pulsed optical parametric generation in CdSiP2 with a 1.064 μm Nd:YAG pump laser, generating 200 mW of signal light at 1.286 μm with a conversion efficiency of 28%.
Short-wavelength-infrared upconversion edge enhancement imaging based on a Laguerre-Gaussian composite vortex filter
Authors: Li Yan , Wang Yinqi , He Yuhang , Zhou Lin , Li Yusen , He Weiji , Gu Guohua , Chen Qian
Published: May 2024

Edge-enhanced imaging by spiral phase contrast has proven instrumental in revealing phase or amplitude gradients of an object, with notable applications spanning feature extraction, target recognition, and biomedical fields. However, systems deploying spiral phase plates encounter limitations in phase mask modulation, hindering the characterization of the modulation function during image reconstruction. To address this need, we propose and demonstrate an innovative nonlinear reconstruction method using a Laguerre-Gaussian composite vortex filter, which modulates the spectrum of the target. The involved nonlinear process spectrally transforms the incident short-wavelength-infrared (SWIR) signal from 1550 to 864 nm, subsequently captured by a silicon charge-coupled device. Compared with conventional schemes, our novel filtering method effectively suppresses the diffraction noise, significantly enhancing image contrast and resolution. By loading specific phase holograms on the spatial light modulator, bright-field imaging, isotropic, amplitude-controlled anisotropic, and directional second-order edge-enhanced imaging are realized. Anticipated applications for the proposed SWIR edge-enhanced imaging system encompass domains such as artificial intelligence recognition, deep tissue medical diagnostics, and non-destructive defect inspection. These applications underscore the valuable potential of our cutting-edge methodology in furthering both scientific exploration and practical implementations.
Dielectric elastomer-driven liquid prism enabling two-dimensional beam control
Authors: Lv Jianming , Hong Huajie , Gan Zihao , Zhang Meng , Liu Zhaoyang , Hu Zhuoqun
Published: May 2024

In this paper, a dielectric elastomer (DE)-driven liquid prism enabling two-dimensional beam control is proposed. The proposed liquid prism consists of a flexible driver and a liquid cavity. The glass plate is driven by DE to change the tilt angle of the liquid-solid interface for beam steering and field of view (FOV) tuning. The maximum optical deflection angle of 8.13° and response time of 76.77 ms were measured, the variable FOV capability was also verified. The proposed liquid prism can be used in beam modulation, microscope systems.