bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Case Report: Ulcerative Colitis with Multiple Dural Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Mohamud Safia , Oyawusi Mosunmola , Weir Roger , Millis Richard M. , Dehkordi Ozra
Published: July 2021

Background Cerebral sinus vein thrombosis (CVT) is a rare but serious complication associated with ulcerative colitis (UC), an idiopathic autoimmune inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract. Management approaches for CVT remain unclear but may include anticoagulation and surgical thrombectomy. Herein, we report a case of a 23-year-old male who developed CVT with a history of UC. The patient was presented to Howard University Hospital when he slipped and fell. On arrival at the hospital, he complained of a headache with an aching sensation, associated with light/sound sensitivity. The patient had a history of uncontrolled UC. He had positive bloody diarrhea, lower abdominal pain, but denied any other neurological deficit. Computed tomography of the head showed left frontoparietal lobe hypodensities. Neurological exam was nonfocal. Vital signs were within normal range, but the patient experienced some memory loss and personality changes. Subsequent diagnosis of CVT was made with magnetic resonance angiography and magnetic resonance venography. Immediate treatment with low-molecular-weight intravenous heparin (18 IU/kg) was introduced. His UC was managed with methylprednisolone (60 mg IV daily), proton pump inhibitors, mesalamine, ciprofloxacin, and metronidazole. His condition gradually improved. On discharge, he was prescribed prednisone, azathioprine for his UC, levetiracetam for seizure, and warfarin with an INR goal of 2–3. In conclusion, the sudden onset and/or acute worsening of neurological status such as headache and mental confusion in a patient with UC should alert the treating physician about the possibility of CVT so that timely intervention could be employed to prevent disabling and potentially lethal sequelae of this disease.
The Pharmacological Effects of Plant-Derived versus Synthetic Cannabidiol in Human Cell Lines
Authors: Maguire Ryan F. , Wilkinson Daniel J. , England Timothy J. , O’Sullivan Saoirse E.
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Cannabidiol (CBD) can be isolated from Cannabis sativa L. or synthetically produced. The aim of this study was to compare the in vitro effects of purified natural and synthetic CBD to establish any pharmacological differences or superiority between sources. Methods: Six purified samples of CBD were obtained, 4 of these were natural and 2 synthetic. The anticancer effects of CBD were assessed in a human ovarian cancer cell line (SKOV-3 cells). The neuroprotective effects of CBD were assessed in human pericytes in a model of stroke (oxygen glucose deprivation [OGD]). The ability of CBD to restore inflammation-induced intestinal permeability was assessed in differentiated human Caco-2 cells (a model of enterocytes). Results: (1) In proliferating and confluent SKOV-3 cells, all CBD samples similarly reduced resazurin metabolism as a marker of cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner (p < 0.001). (2) In pericytes exposed to OGD, all CBD samples similarly reduced cellular damage (measured by lactate dehydrogenase) at 24 h by 31–48% and reduced inflammation (measured by IL-6 secretion) by 30–53%. Attenuation of IL-6 was inhibited by 5HT1A receptor antagonism for all CBD sources. (3) In differentiated Caco-2 cells exposed to inflammation (TNFα and IFNγ, 10 ng/mL for 24 h), each CBD sample increased the speed of recovery of epithelial permeability compared to control (p < 0.05–0.001), which was inhibited by a CB1 receptor antagonist. Conclusion: Our results suggest that there is no pharmacological difference in vitro in the antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, or permeability effects of purified natural versus synthetic CBD. The purity and reliability of CBD samples, as well as the ultimate pharmaceutical preparation, should all be considered above the starting source of CBD in the development of new CBD medicines.
Steroid Minimization in Adults with Minimal Change Disease
Authors: Koirala Abbal , Jefferson J. Ashley
Published: July 2021

Background: Minimal change disease (MCD) causes approximately 10% of nephrotic syndrome in adults. While glucocorticoids (GCs) effectively induce remission in MCD, the disease has a high relapse rate (50–75%), and repeated exposure to GCs is often required. The adverse effects of GCs are well recognized and commonly encountered with the high doses and recurrent courses used in MCD. Summary: In this review, we will discuss the standard therapy of MCD in adults and then describe new therapeutic options in induction therapy and treatment of relapses in MCD, minimizing the exposure to GCs. Key Messages: Steroid minimization strategies may decrease adverse effects in the treatment of MCD.
Is Multidrug Resistance in Acute Otitis Media with Streptococcus pneumoniae Associated with a More Severe Disease?
Authors: Horhat Raluca , Horhat Florin-Raul , Mocanu Valeria
Published: July 2021

Objectives: Streptococcus pneumoniae is the leading bacterial etiologic agent in acute otitis media (AOM), and it produces a more severe inflammatory response than other otopathogens. Additionally, the presence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) S. pneumoniae is an important issue in the management of AOM. The present pilot study aimed to ascertain whether MDR S. pneumoniae is associated with a higher inflammatory response and/or a more severe disease. Methods: This was a prospective, single-center study on nonpneumococcal conjugate vaccine-immunized pediatric patients with severe AOM. Demographic and clinical characteristics were recorded. Middle ear fluid was obtained and cultured for each patient; antibiotic-resistance profiling was tested for S. pneumoniae isolates. The C-reactive protein (CRP) level and complete blood count were determined. Patients with positive middle ear fluid culture for S. pneumoniae were divided into 2 groups according to antibiotic resistance profile: MDR and non-MDR. Results: MDR S. pneumoniae was identified in 15 (35.7%) of the 42 eligible patients. Children in this group had significantly higher CRP levels (72.23 ± 62.92 vs. 14.96 ± 15.57 mg/L, p < 0.001), higher absolute neutrophil count (8.46 ± 3.97 vs. 5.22 ± 4.5 × 103/mm3, p = 0.004), higher percentage of neutrophils (52.85 ± 13.49% vs. 38.34 ± 16.16%, p = 0.004), and were more prone to develop acute mastoiditis (p = 0.01). Receiver operating characteristic analysis identified CRP as the best biomarker to discriminate between the 2 groups of patients (AUC = 0.891). Conclusion: MDR S. pneumoniae was associated with a more severe inflammatory response and a higher incidence of mastoiditis.
International Validation of a Nomogram to Predict Recurrence after Resection of Grade 1 and 2 Nonfunctioning Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors
Authors: Heidsma Charlotte M. , van Roessel Stijn , van Dieren Susan , Engelsman Anton F. , Strobel Oliver , Buechler Markus W. , Schimmack Simon , Perinel Julie , Adham Mustapha , Deshpande Vikram , Kjaer Josefine , Norlen Olov , Gill Anthony J. , Samra Jaswinder S. , Mittal Anubhav , Hoogwater Frederik J.H. , Primavesi Florian , Stättner Stefan , Besselink Marc G. , van Eijck Casper H.J. , Nieveen van Dijkum E.J.M.
Published: July 2021

Background: Despite the low recurrence rate of resected nonfunctional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NF-pNETs), nearly all patients undergo long-term surveillance. A prediction model for recurrence may help select patients for less intensive surveillance or identify patients for adjuvant therapy. The objective of this study was to assess the external validity of a recently published model predicting recurrence within 5 years after surgery for NF-pNET in an international cohort. This prediction model includes tumor grade, lymph node status and perineural invasion as predictors. Methods: Retrospectively, data were collected from 7 international referral centers on patients who underwent resection for a grade 1–2 NF-pNET between 1992 and 2018. Model performance was evaluated by calibration statistics, Harrel’s C-statistic, and area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve for 5-year recurrence-free survival (RFS). A sub-analysis was performed in pNETs >2 cm. The model was improved to stratify patients into 3 risk groups (low, medium, high) for recurrence. Results: Overall, 342 patients were included in the validation cohort with a 5-year RFS of 83% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 78–88%). Fifty-eight patients (17%) developed a recurrence. Calibration showed an intercept of 0 and a slope of 0.74. The C-statistic was 0.77 (95% CI: 0.70–0.83), and the AUC for the prediction of 5-year RFS was 0.74. The prediction model had a better performance in tumors >2 cm (C-statistic 0.80). Conclusions: External validity of this prediction model for recurrence after curative surgery for grade 1–2 NF-pNET showed accurate overall performance using 3 easily accessible parameters. This model is available via www.pancreascalculator.com.
O discurso eleitoral da Igreja Universal do Reino de Deus e a ascensão de Bolsonaro
Authors: Oliveira Fabrício Roberto Costa , Martins Cáio César Nogueira
Published: July 2021

This article presentes na analysis of the electoral political performance carried out by the newspaper “Folha Universal”, belonging to the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God (IURD), during the First and Second Round of the Elections of 2018. Our focus of analysis was the editorials and the political/electoral reports printed in the “iurdianos” weekly. The survey reveals that support for Jair Bolsonaro only became blunt at the end of the First Round, When researchs indicated that he had a high chance of being elected. This support was not given with an exhibition of the candidate's name or requests for explicit votes, but because of the guidelines and symbolic elements of the published articles, in which Bolsonaro's campaign jargon was repeated, such as the need to end the “oldpolitics”, defend “traditional family values”and the need to move away from“communism”. Such conceptions, in the electoral context, demonstrated affinities with the candidacy of Jair Bolsonaro and his presence, appearing in a privileged way on Rede Record of television, also of the Universal Church, ratified the condition of being supported by the religious institution.
A influência da religião na atuação de Damares Alves na Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU)
Authors: Neves Jordana de Moraes , Wachholz Rafael de Oliveira
Published: July 2021

This article presents an analysis on the relation between Religion and public sphere in Brazil. It analyses the influence of Damares Alves’ religious filiation on the Woman, Family and Human Rights Ministry that she commands, contextualizing her as an exponent of an ascending Christian Right. The paper is methodologically based on documental analysis of eight speeches given by the Minister as Brazil’s representative at the UN, collected by the ‘Lei de Acesso à Informação’. It debates how the Minister’s religious values relate to the constraints of a laique and secular social sphere. It concludes that a possible defense of religious values is constrained by the institutionality of Damares Alves role as State Ministry and also by the debate stance, though it is possible to visualize the influence of her religious values in some statements sustained on her speeches.
Intracranial Bleeding After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Time‐Dependent Incidence, Predictors, and Impact on Mortality
Authors: Lee Pil Hyung , Park Sojeong , Nam Hyewon , Kang Do‐Yoon , Kang Soo‐Jin , Lee Seung‐Whan , Kim Young‐Hak , Park Seong‐Wook , Lee Cheol Whan
Published: July 2021

Background

Limited data are available on intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) in patients undergoing antithrombotic therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods and Results

Using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database, we identified 219 274 patients without prior ICH and who underwent a first PCI procedure between 2007 and 2016 and analyzed nontraumatic ICH and all‐cause mortality. ICH after PCI occurred in 4171 patients during a median follow‐up of 5.6 years (overall incidence rate: 3.32 cases per 1000 person‐years). The incidence rate of ICH showed an early peak of 21.66 cases per 1000 person‐years within the first 30 days, followed by a sharp decrease to 3.68 cases per 1000 person‐years between 30 days and 1 year, and to <1 case per 1000 patient‐years from the second year until 10 years after PCI. The 1‐year mortality rate was 38.2% after ICH, with most deaths occurring within 30 days (n=999, mortality rate: 24.2%). No significant difference in mortality risk was observed between patients who had ICH within and after 1 year following PCI (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.95–1.14;
P
=0.43). The predictors of post‐PCI ICH were age ≥75 years, hypertension, atrial fibrillation, end‐stage renal disease, history of stroke or transient ischemic attack, dementia, and use of vitamin K antagonists.

Conclusions

New ICH most frequently occurs in the early period after PCI and is associated with a high risk of early death, regardless of the occurrence time of ICH. Careful implementation of antithrombotic strategies is needed in patients at an increased risk for ICH, particularly in the peri‐PCI period.
Effect of Alteplase Use on Outcomes in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: Analysis of the Initiation of Anticoagulation After Cardioembolic Stroke Study
Authors: Yaghi Shadi , Mistry Eva , de Havenon Adam , Leon Guerrero Christopher R. , Nouh Amre , Liberman Ava L. , Giles James , Liu Angela , Nagy Muhammad , Kaushal Ashutosh , Azher Idrees , Mac Grory Brian , Fakhri Hiba , Brown Espaillat Kiersten , Asad Syed Daniyal , Pasupuleti Hemanth , Martin Heather , Tan Jose , Veerasamy Manivannan , Esenwa Charles , Cheng Natalie , Moncrieffe Khadean , Moeini‐Naghani Iman , Siddu Mithilesh , Scher Erica , Trivedi Tushar , Wu Teddy , Khan Muhib , Keyrouz Salah , Furie Karen , Henninger Nils
Published: July 2021

Background

Intravenous alteplase improves outcome after acute ischemic stroke without a benefit in 90‐day mortality. There are limited data on whether alteplase is associated with reduced mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF)‐related ischemic stroke whose mortality rate is relatively high. We sought to determine the association of alteplase with hemorrhagic transformation and mortality in patients with AF.

Methods and Results

We retrospectively analyzed consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke between 2015 and 2018 diagnosed with AF included in the IAC (Initiation of Anticoagulation After Cardioembolic Stroke) study, which pooled data from stroke registries at 8 comprehensive stroke centers across the United States. For our primary analysis, we included patients who did not undergo mechanical thrombectomy (MT), and secondary analyses included patients who underwent MT. We used binary logistic regression to determine whether alteplase use was associated with risk of hemorrhagic transformation and 90‐day mortality. There were 1889 patients (90.6%) who had 90‐day follow‐up data available for analyses and were included; 1367 patients (72.4%) did not receive MT, and 522 patients (27.6%) received MT. In our primary analyses we found that alteplase use was independently associated with an increased risk for hemorrhagic transformation (odds ratio [OR], 2.23; 95% CI, 1.57–3.17) but reduced risk of 90‐day mortality (OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.39–0.87). Among patients undergoing MT, alteplase use was not associated with a significant reduction in 90‐day mortality (OR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.45–1.04).

Conclusions

Alteplase reduced 90‐day mortality of patients with acute ischemic stroke with AF not undergoing MT. Further study is required to assess the efficacy of alteplase in patients with AF undergoing MT.
Standardized Nomenclature for Modified Rankin Scale Global Disability Outcomes: Consensus Recommendations From Stroke Therapy Academic Industry Roundtable XI
Authors: Saver Jeffrey L. , Chaisinanunkul Napasri , Campbell Bruce C.V. , Grotta James C. , Hill Michael D. , Khatri Pooja , Landen Jaren , Lansberg Maarten G. , Venkatasubramanian Chitra , Albers Gregory W. ,   on behalf of the XIth Stroke Treatment Academic Industry Roundtable
Published: July 2021

The modified Rankin Scale (mRS), a 7-level, clinician-reported, measure of global disability, is the most widely employed outcome scale in acute stroke trials. The scale’s original development preceded the advent of modern clinimetrics, but substantial subsequent work has been performed to enable the mRS to meet robust contemporary scale standards. Prior research and consensus recommendations have focused on modernizing 2 aspects of the mRS: operationalized assignment of scale scores and statistical analysis of scale distributions. Another important characteristic of the mRS still requiring elaboration and specification to contemporary clinimetric standards is the Naming of scale outcomes. Recent clinical trials have used a bewildering variety, often mutually contradictory, of rubrics to describe scale states. Understanding of the meaning of mRS outcomes by clinicians, patients, and other clinical trial stakeholders would be greatly enhanced by use of a harmonized, uniform set of labels for the distinctive mRS outcomes that would be used consistently across trials. This statement advances such recommended rubrics, developed by the Stroke Therapy Academic Industry Roundtable collaboration using an iterative, mixed-methods process. Specific guidance is provided for health state terms (eg, Symptomatic but Nondisabled for mRS score 1; requires constant care for mRS score 5) and valence terms (eg, excellent for mRS score 1; very poor for mRS score 5) to employ for 23 distinct numeric mRS outcomes, including: all individual 7 mRS levels; all 12 positive and negative dichotomized mRS ranges, positive and negative sliding dichotomies; and utility-weighted analysis of the mRS.
Exposure to Neurointervention During Neurology Training
Authors: Limaye Kaustubh , Ortega-Gutierrez Santiago , Mokin Maxim , Jagolino Amanda , Sheth Sunil A. , Jadhav Ashutosh P.
Published: July 2021

There is an urgent need to include a dedicated neurointerventional rotation in the curriculum of neurology residency and vascular neurology fellowship based on the paradigm shift in recent years of stroke workflow. The recent changes coupled with growing body of evidence about lack of neurointerventional exposure in current curriculum makes it imperative for us to restructure the training for future neurologists. The exposure will prepare the neurology house-staff for the contemporary management of cerebrovascular diseases and will lead to high quality, patient-centric care.
The Application of the Law of Occupation in Maritime Zones and Rights to ‘Occupied’ Marine Resources
Authors: Friedman Shani
Published: July 2021

This article seeks to contribute to the emerging literature concerning the application of belligerent occupation in maritime zones of the occupied State. It supports the approach that the law of occupation and the law of the sea apply simultaneously in case of occupation of coastal States, offering a new perspective on the jurisdiction of the occupying power to exploit marine resources in the occupied State’s continental shelf and exclusive economic zone. This perspective highlights some issues that have been ignored in the literature thus far to better understand the rights and obligations of the relevant Parties with respect to maritime zones of the occupied State.
Africa, the International Criminal Court and the Law-Diplomacy Nexus
Authors: Spies Yolanda Kemp
Published: July 2021

The pioneering diplomatic role of African states in the establishment of the ICC, with its unprecedented legal mandate, was a triumph for a continent with a recent history of legal — diplomatic subjugation. However, the Court’s perceived Afro-centric bias since its inception, contradiction of sovereign immunity custom, and blatant manipulation by the UN Security Council has prompted the African Union to recommend en masse withdrawal. By contrast, this article makes the case that the continent, rather than being a victim of selective, politicised justice, has capitalised on its ICC membership. The Court has become ‘Africanised’ in its substantive specialisation, its executive profile has assumed an African identity and Africa’s penchant for collective diplomacy is facilitated by quantitative advantage in ICC membership. Maximising its diplomatic agency and using the ICC’s principle of complementarity, Africa now has a unique opportunity to insert itself instrumentally at the law — diplomacy nexus in international relations.
The Retrospective and Present Judgment of the Passage of Time in the Elderly
Authors: Droit-Volet Sylvie , Martinelli Natalia , Dambrun Michaël , Vallet Guillaume T. , Lorandi Fanny
Published: July 2021

This study examined the judgment of the passage of time in elderly people living in retirement homes, focusing on the passage of time experienced in the present and that judged retrospectively for short periods (last day, week, month) and longer periods of life (last year, now compared with five years ago, as we get older). Participants’ cognitive abilities and feelings of happiness were also assessed among other dimensions. Results showed no significant relationship between these three forms of judgment of the passage of time, except between the judgment of the passage of time for the present and for the day. In addition, the level of happiness was a significant predictor of both the momentary judgment of the passage of time and the retrospective judgment of the passage of time for shorter periods. In contrast, the individual differences in cognitive abilities better explained differences in the retrospective judgment of the passage of time for longer periods. As discussed, the different forms of judgment of the passage of time are therefore based on different cognitive mechanisms.
Richang: An Affect-Inflected Ethnography of Chinese Livestreams
Authors: Zhang Ge
Published: July 2021

I tracked one Chinese livestreaming platform Douyu from its emergence as experimental subsidiary of a Video on Demand platform in 2013 to its status as an ordinary medium of mass entertainment in 2018. This affect-inflected ethnography is written based on participant observation of three channels on Douyu as I exhibit the microcontexts of each channel in chronicles of affective events, long pauses of silence, repetitive and incoherent dialogues, asymmetrical debates, and sporadic moments of emotional meltdown. This ethnographic writing is a contact zone, a provocation, and, by proxy, a dialogue between academic theories (especially from television studies), user practices, and my informants’ own attempts at theorising how and what livestream feels and means for them.
Waste on the Tip of the Tongue: Social Eating Livestreams (Chibo) in the Age of Chinese Affluence
Authors: Qu Lina
Published: July 2021

This article investigates Chinese social eating livestreams (chibo) in the context of China’s 2020 campaign against food waste. It argues that the subgenre ‘big stomach kings’, a target of the campaign, evinces the moral implications of Chinese affluence, of which food waste is exemplary. The emerging affluence in China has normalized conspicuous, wasteful consumption and given rise to a local form of flaunting wealth called ‘xuanfu’. Chinese social media are inundated with xuanfu images, a symptom of the necessary psychosocial adaptation to affluence. Isolating the ‘big stomach kings’ livestreams from the social context of xuanfu, the anti-waste campaign glosses over the underlying social issue of the vast wealth gap between the affluent and the poor. To expose the ethical controversy of these livestreams, the article also analyzes their gender politics by parsing the mystifying image of female ‘big stomach kings’, whose slim bodies are in stark contrast to their enormous appetites.
Breaking the Transitional Justice Machine: Exploring Spatiality, Space Travel, and Inbetween Spaces in Research Practice
Authors: Kurze Arnaud , Lamont Christopher K.
Published: July 2021

This article offers a critical perspective on emerging and alternative spaces for emancipation within transitional justice studies. Taking into account recent critical literature and postcolonial interventions in transitional justice studies, we argue that barriers to moving our understanding of transitional justice forward are both conceptual and methodological. Conceptual hurdles are visible through narrow justice demands often limited to the context of post-conflict and post-authoritarian settings, thus normalizing injustice in liberal democratic and postcolonial contexts. Methodological impediments exist because transitional justice scholarship operates at a positivist level, or trying to explain certain, and desired, outcomes rather than destabilizing and unsettling unequal power relations. As a result, research practice in the field reflects the perspectives and preferences of elites in transition societies through a legal-technical mechanistic imagining of transitional justice that we refer to as the transitional justice machine. We argue that the needs and voices of marginalized social actors, particularly within states that are largely defined as liberal democratic or postcolonial, have long been ignored due to these practices. Against the backdrop of evolving agency patterns, including widespread global protest and demands to deal with the past across countries, we zoom in on a variety of actors who, until now, have not been at the focus of transitional justice studies. Drawing on a variety of case studies, this article contributes to the critical understanding of transitional justice studies as a Bourdieusian field. First, by expanding the conceptual lens to include racial, socio-economic, and postcolonial injustice, and, second, by advancing a more critical methodological approach that puts at its center unequal power relationships.
The field of European economic governance and austerity policies: Exploratory elements (2002–2012)
Authors: Lebaron Frédéric , Georgakakis Didier
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we establish the theoretical topography of a sample of these actors, their dispositions and their resources to grasp the relational dynamics (including the dynamics of inertia and of change) at work in the translation of the economic, social and political inputs into policy choices. This way of doing seems to us a good means to contribute to the current debate on the unexpected resilience of austerity policies and the need for ‘structural reforms’ at the EU level. How to explain, indeed, that whereas many observers thought after the first Obama election that the end of 2000 would mark a ‘lasting paradigm change’ to neo-Keynesianism the advisability of pursuing a new policy was so rapidly shut down? How to sociologically contribute to explain the strong continuity of the former paradigm inside European institutions and simultaneously the rather marginal adjustments it underwent?
Crisis and Critique: On Preparedness, Authoritarianism and the Regulatory State
Authors: Caduff Carlo
Published: July 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic has been overwhelming in many ways, but what are the structural conditions that can explain the dramatic impact of the global pandemic? How can we shift the horizon of the possible and contribute to another politics of life, one that is based on strong institutions and a vision of social justice? This article examines the role of preparedness, authoritarianism and the regulatory state. It suggests that it is important to move beyond the binary of epidemic and endemic disease and rethink the kinds of crisis publics, forms of political action and medical-historical consciousness that this distinction with its emphasis on dramatic disjunctures enables.
Probles mikhailovi, a new enigmatic species of Tersilochinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) from Madagascar
Authors: KHALAIM ANDREY I.
Published: July 2021

A new species of the genus Probles Förster, P. mikhailovi sp. nov., is described from Central Madagascar. The new species possesses unique venation of the fore wing previously unknown in the subfamily Tersilochinae. The genus Probles is recorded from Madagascar for the first time.
A new species of the genus Petersenidia Lelej (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) from Indonesia, eastward of Wallace’s line
Authors: LELEJ ARKADY S.
Published: July 2021

Petersenidia mikhailovi sp. nov. (♀, Indonesia: Sulawesi) is described and illustrated. The new species is related to P. macassarica (Zavattati, 1914) by having a median longitudinal carina on the basal half of metasomal tergum 2, but differs by the carina being shorter and lower, by the lack of a posterior interrupted pale fringe on metasomal tergum 2 and by a smooth pygidium. The lectotype of Mutilla macassarica Zavattari, 1914 is designated.
A new species of Plectrocnemia (Trichoptera: Polycentropodidae) from Rovno amber
Authors: MELNITSKY STANISLAV I. , IVANOV VLADIMIR D. , PERKOVSKY EVGENY E.
Published: July 2021

A new caddisfly species Plectrocnemia kirmikhia sp. nov. (Polycentropodidae) is described from Priabonian Rovno amber (Upper Eocene, 33.9–37.8 million years old). Now the family Polycentropodidae is represented in Rovno amber by 16 named species, and the genus Plectrocnemia includes 5 described species in this locality.
New data on the pygmy grasshopper genus Epitettix Hancock, 1907 (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae)
Authors: STOROZHENKO SERGEY YU.
Published: July 2021

The species composition of the genus Epitettix (Tetrigidae: Cladonotinae) is discussed. The differential diagnosis of the genus is given. New synonymies are proposed: Epitettix Hancock, 1907 = Vaotettix Podgornaja, 1986, syn. nov., = Pseudepitettix Zheng, 1995, syn. nov. Two new taxa are described, namely Epitettix mikhailovi sp. nov. from Vietnam (Gia Lai Province) and Epitettix punctatus montanus subsp. nov. from Malaysia (Sabah, North Borneo). Seven new combinations are established: Epitettix guibeiensis (Zheng et Jiang, 1995), comb. nov., E. hainanensis (Deng, 2020), comb. nov., E. linaoshanensis (Liang et Jiang, 2004), comb. nov., E. nigritibis (Zheng et Jiang, 2000), comb. nov., E. pimkarnae (Storozhenko et Dawwrueng, 2014), comb. nov., E. strictivertex (Deng, 2020), comb. nov., and E. parallelus (Podgornaja, 1986), comb. nov. The unknown male of the latter species is also described and illustrated.
Protomauroania mikhailovi—a new species of malachite beetles (Coleoptera, Dasytidae) in Rovno amber
Authors: TSHERNYSHEV SERGEI E. , PERKOVSKY EVGENY E.
Published: July 2021

A new species of malachite beetles, Protomauroania mikhailovi Tshernyshev & Perkovsky, sp. n. is described from late Eocene Rovno amber. The new beetle is the second species of the Eocene fossil genus Protomauroania Tshernyshev, 2021 that was first recorded in Rovno amber and shows fauna similarity of dasytids in Baltic and Rovno amber. The new species is typical owing to the following characters: antennae with 5-segmented wide club, surface covered with dark-brown long semi-erect thin setae, and the ultimate ventrite (apical sternite) simple, narrow, not depressed. Digital high resolution pictures of the beetle are provided.
"Machina ludens". Rzeczywista i wyobrażona historia komputerów szachowych
Authors: Piekutowski Piotr F.
Published: July 2021

Machina Ludens: The Real and Imagined History of Chess ComputersThe essay offers a reading of the place of non-human machines in the game discourse, focusing on computer chess’s real as well as literary and film history. Chess, as the Drosophila melanogaster of artificial intelligence, a special case facilitating the study of the entire field, allows for going beyond the primary area of interest – computer science – and entering the realm of the text, where new languages of storytelling and new contexts present themselves. The paper discusses a multifaceted, posthumanist analysis of the game as a medium of non-anthropocentric and empowering narratives of the Other. It also sheds new light on the ongoing paradigm shift in human categories and human-technology relations. Machina ludens. Rzeczywista i wyobrażona historia komputerów szachowychCelem artykułu jest próba odczytania sposobu funkcjonowania nie-ludzkich maszyn w dyskursie growym, skupiona na rzeczywistej i literacko-filmowej historii komputerów szachowych. Szachy i sztuczna inteligencja wchodzą w przestrzeń tekstu, przekraczają pierwotny obszar zainteresowań – informatykę – i dzięki innym językom opowieści otwierają się na nowe konteksty. W tekście przedstawiono wieloaspektową, posthumanistyczną analizę gry jako medium nieantropocentrycznych i upodmiotawiających narracji Innego. Historia szachów i komputerów szachowych oraz ich tekstowe przedstawienia stanowią egzemplifikację zmian ludzkich kategorii oraz relacji człowiek-technologia.
Bocian biały jako okaz językowy, czyli polsko-chorwackie wędrówki lingwistyczne
Authors: Baer Magdalena
Published: July 2021

The White Stork as a Linguistic Specimen, or Croatian-Polish Linguistic WanderingsThe analysis, presented in the article aims to present the white stork as a linguistic specimen, i.e. biological species as perceived through the prism of linguistic realisations, in this instance – in the Polish and Croatian languages. The linguistic specimen is closely connected with the linguistic picture of the world; however, in the chain that is the process of acquiring information by human beings of their surrounding reality, the specimen is an earlier link. The basics of definition of the linguistic specimen are linked to biological features that are extralinguistic, while in the linguistic picture of the world designations are linguistically and culturally transformed. The linguistic specimen can therefore be a more objective tool for describing linguistic reality in a more conscious fashion. Bocian biały jako okaz językowy, czyli polsko-chorwackie wędrówki lingwistyczneW artykule została zaprezentowana nowatorska koncepcja wprowadzająca pojęcie okazu językowego, czyli gatunku biologicznego, zjawiska przyrodniczego, fizycznego, chemicznego widzianego przez pryzmat realizacji językowych. Jako podstawę analizy przyjęto języki polski i chorwacki, a definicja okazu językowego została zaprezentowana na podstawie bardzo popularnego w Europie gatunku ptaka, jakim jest bocian biały (łac. Ciconia ciconia). Proponowane pojęcie jest ściśle powiązane z językowym obrazem świata, jednak może stanowić wobec niego wcześniejsze ogniwo w procesie pozyskiwania przez człowieka informacji przetwarzanych później w interpretacje językowe i kulturowe. Okaz językowy ma swoje źródło bezpośrednio w cechach desygnatu, ponieważ by go zdefiniować, korzysta z informacji pozajęzykowych.
Explicit Instruction and Executive Functioning Capacity: A New Direction in Cognitive Load Theory
Authors: Siregar Nani Restati
Published: July 2021

Explicit instruction is a teaching strategy that aims to avoid cognitive overload experienced by students which aims to improve academic performance. Previous research has mentioned working memory as a cognitive capacity that processes information and cognitive control and supports the success of explicit teaching on student academic performance. The core components of the executive function consist of working memory, but also inhibitory control and shifting. This review of the article provides new directions for the development of cognitive load theory on explicit teaching and research on executive function-based information processing aimed at avoiding cognitive load.
Perinatal Loss: Experiences of Midwives and Nurses
Authors: Yenal Kerziban , Tektaş Pınar , Dönmez Ayşegül , Okumuş Hülya
Published: July 2021

The aim was to determine the experiences of Turkish midwives and nurses when caring for families with perinatal loss. It was a descriptive and qualitative study. One-to-one interviews were conducted with ten midwives and five nurses using a semi-structured interview form. It was found that the nurses and midwives experienced pain and grief during caring for women who had perinatal losses, and they tried to relieve these feelings by using positive thinking and prayer. The nurses and midwives stated that they were unsure how to approach women or family experiencing perinatal loss, and they needed mentoring and training. The results showed that it would be beneficial to plan training for nurses and midwives and to conduct mentoring for those experiencing difficulties. For nurses and midwives frequently facing perinatal loss, there will be benefit in planning grief care training at regular intervals and mentoring for those experiencing difficulties.
International organizations and the technical and professional education networks in Latin America: A comparative analysis between Brazil and Mexico
Authors: Larentes da Silva Adriano
Published: July 2021

This paper presents the results of a study that investigated technical and professional educational policies in both Brazil and Mexico, and the relations of these two countries with international networks of educational organizations. The focus is on the three international organizations that have had the most influence on public education policies in both Brazil and Mexico: UNEVOC, CINTERFOR/ILO, and REDUCA. Official documents, academic articles, and information available at the websites of the organizations were analyzed. The results indicate that the main objective of these networks has been the search for consensus around educational perspectives aimed at implementing models of technical and vocational professional education that meet the interests of entrepreneurs and the labor market. The results also indicate that the network activity of international organizations has contributed to consolidate educational standards, experiences and very pragmatic and restrictive instruments that directly impact the school realities of countries such as Mexico and Brazil.
The EU and the social sciences: A fragile relationship
Authors: Kropp Kristoffer
Published: July 2021

The position of the social sciences within European Union (EU) research policy is fragile. The social sciences have been entangled with the EU integration process throughout the organization’s trajectory; still, social sciences have only lately been integrated into EU research policy in a marginal position. Drawing on Bourdieu’s generic field analysis, this article analyses the struggles over the position of the social sciences within EU research policies from the early 1990s until today. First, the analysis shows how the social sciences were included in EU research policies with the simultaneous establishment of the European field of social science through the formation of scientific associations, journals and European research infrastructures. Second, it focuses on the struggle over the position of the social sciences in Horizon 2020. This analysis shows how social-science researchers mobilized social and political capital in the efforts to organize and implement the H2020 to ensure the presence of social-science issues and researchers in the programme despite the dominance of other sciences and political issues. Overall, the analysis is a reminder of the generally subordinate position of the social sciences, particularly in EU research policies, but it also shows that well-organized social sciences can participate in organizing research funding and ensure representation of otherwise marginalized research fields.
Do Impulsivity and Education Moderate the Effectiveness of Police Sexual Assault Investigations Training? Findings From a Solomon Four-Group Quasi-Experiment
Authors: Campbell Bradley A. , Lapsey David S.
Published: July 2021

Few studies have evaluated the effectiveness of sexual assault investigations training using experimental designs. Existing studies have not examined the impact of officers’ levels of impulsivity and education on training effectiveness. Using a Solomon four-group quasi-experimental design to assess pretesting effects, we examined the impact of training, impulsivity, and education on officers’ ( N = 432) adherence to rape myths and knowledge of victim reporting behaviors. Ordinary least squares (OLS) models were estimated to examine main effects of training, and moderating effects of impulsivity and education on training for our outcome variables. Results demonstrated that training, impulsivity, and education predicted improvements in attitudinal and cognitive outcomes. However, neither impulsivity nor education moderated—or changed—the effectiveness of training. In addition, training effects held over time, and we did not detect evidence of pretesting effects. Findings from this study improve our understanding of police sexual assault investigations training and provide methodological advancements for police training evaluations.
Cultural and Universal Parenting, Ethnic Identity, and Internalizing Symptoms Among African American Adolescents
Authors: Ahn Lydia HaRim , Dunbar Angel S. , Coates Erica E. , Smith-Bynum Mia A.
Published: July 2021

The present study tested a path model that addressed two questions regarding the connection between one aspect of racial socialization (cultural pride reinforcement), communication between mothers and their adolescent children, adolescent ethnic identity, and mental health. First, we tested whether quality of communication moderated the relationship between cultural pride reinforcement and ethnic identity affirmation and anxiety/depressive/withdrawn symptoms. Then, we examined whether cultural pride reinforcement and quality of communication with mothers were directly linked to increased ethnic identity affirmation and in turn lower anxiety/depressive symptoms and withdrawn behaviors. Our sample included 111 African American adolescents (58.2% female; ages 14–17) in the mid-Atlantic region. Results of the path analysis indicated that cultural pride reinforcement and quality of communication independently and uniquely related to internalizing symptoms through ethnic identity affirmation. Findings contribute to a novel understanding of how both cultural (cultural pride reinforcement) and universal (quality of communication) are important factors to foster African American adolescents’ healthy adjustment and sense of self.
Promoting African American Activism: Experiences of Racism-Related Stress and Spirituality
Authors: Prosper Tasha , Gushue George V. , Lee Tina R.
Published: July 2021

This study investigates how spirituality, psychological orientation to religion, and racism-related stress are associated with African American activism. Measures of Race-Related Stress, Quest Religious Orientation, Fundamentalism Religious Orientation, and Intrinsic Spirituality were used as exogenous variables. African American Activism was the endogenous variable. Results based on a sample of 148 self-identified African American adults revealed that quest religious orientation, intrinsic spirituality, and racism-related stress were positively associated with activism-related behaviors, while fundamentalist religious orientation was negatively but not significantly associated with activism-related behaviors. Paths of a multiple regression model were analyzed using Mplus version 8. Findings shed light on the interplay of spiritual coping resources and the personal impact of racism in mobilizing an activist response to oppression.
Eyewitness memory contamination through misleading questions by reporters
Authors: Blom Robin , Huang Kuo-Ting
Published: July 2021

A series of three studies examined how misleading questions and misinformation in a news article resulted in eyewitnesses remembering they saw a weapon that was actually not visible during a robbery. Some participants even provided a description of the weapon, though the weapon type depended on whether the news story depicted the alleged weapon as a gun or a knife. Hence, reporters can influence eyewitness memories with misleading questions and false memories of other eyewitnesses.
A Retrospective Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of a Plasma Energy System (Renuvion) in the Management of Skin Laxity to Improve Tightening at the Time of Standard Liposuction of the Arms
Authors: Cuzalina Angelo , Tolomeo Pasquale G.
Published: July 2021

The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of cool atmospheric plasma (Renuvion/J-plasma) in promoting skin tightening and soft tissue contouring following liposuction of the upper extremities. The study was a retrospective review of upper extremity liposuction with associated Renuvion therapy performed by the same surgeon. Patients were made aware of Renuvion therapy to assist with skin laxity and offered adjunctive treatment following liposuction. While a majority of patients elected to have Renuvion therapy performed bilaterally, a small subset of patients elected for unilateral treatment. This subset of patients pursued delayed treatment on the control side. The inclusion criteria for the study included patients with moderate fat excess of the upper extremity with associated mild to moderate cutaneous laxity. Exclusion criteria for the study included severe medical comorbidities, body mass index greater than 35 kg/m2 and those below the age of 30. The study included 5 female patients between the ages of 46 to 52. The method of treatment was liposuction of the bilateral upper extremities with removal of equal proportions of fat. The recipient site for Renuvion treatment was randomly selected by the study coordinator; the surgeon and clinical staff remained blinded to the selection. Following treatment, the patients were evaluated at 1 week, 6 weeks, and 6 months postoperatively to assess surgical outcomes subjectively. The surgeon and clinical staff were unblinded at the final visit. Patients were evaluated based on subjective criteria and photographic evaluation at each postoperative visit. At the 1-week visit, no significant differences were noted in all subjects. At the 6-week visit, two patients demonstrated improved results to the treatment site when compared with the control site. At the 6-month visit, four out of the five patients demonstrated a significant improvement in contour and laxity at the treatment site when compared with the control site. One patient demonstrated equal results on both treatment and control sites with no major abnormalities. Following the final evaluation, the patients underwent a secondary procedure to the control site with Renuvion to obtain similar results as the recipient site. One patient demonstrated equal results on both test and control sites with no major abnormalities. The use of plasma energy via Renuvion in conjunction with liposuction has demonstrated esthetic results with proposed long-term benefits. The plasma energy device, as an adjuvant therapy, may be beneficial in cases where liposuction alone may not address tissue laxity concerns. Additional studies with a larger sample size, objective criteria, and extended follow-ups are necessary to statistically analyze the results and determine its significance.