bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Regression Testing in Era of Internet of Things and Machine Learning
Authors: Patil Abhinandan H
Published: April 2020

This book is for enthusiasts in Machine Learning applied to software testing, Regression testing, combinatorial testing, Internet of Things (IoT) Operating System (OS) test designers and implementer and everyone who is interested in Software Engineering.
Studying the Flux Density of Bright Active Galaxies at Different Spectral Bands
Authors: Et al. Rashed
Published: April 2020

Statistical studies are reported in this article for an active galactic nuclei sample of different type of active galaxies Seyferts 1, Seyferts 2, and Quasars. These sources have been selected from a Catalogue for bright X-ray galaxies. The name of this index is ROSAT Bright Source Catalogue (RBSC) and the NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS). In this research, multi-wavelength observational bands Radio at 1.4 GHz, Optical at 4400 A0, and X-ray at energy 0.1-2.4 KeV have been adopted in this study. The behavior of flux density ratios has been studied ,  with respect to the absolute magnitude . Furthermore, the Seyfert1 and Seyfert 2 objects are combined in one group and the QSOs are collectest in another group. Also, it has been found that the ratios , are increasing towards fainter optical absolute magnitude especially in Quasars.
On Generalized Continuous Fuzzy Proper Function from a Fuzzy Topological Space to another Fuzzy Topological Space
Authors: Et al. Al.Khafaje
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this paper is to introduce and study the concepts of fuzzy generalized open sets, fuzzy generalized closed sets, generalized continuous fuzzy proper functions and prove results about these concepts.
FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION IN SOCIAL MEDIA AND CRIMINALIZATION OF HATE SPEECH IN SPAIN: EVOLUTION, IMPACT AND EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF NORMATIVE COMPLIANCE AND SELF-CENSORSHIP
Authors: Miró Llinares Fernando , Gómez Bellvís Ana B.
Published: April 2020

The popularization of social media as a forum for the expression of ideas and for political debate has increased in recent years the, always present, tension between freedom of expression and public control of offensive or dangerous speech. Many democratic states criminalise hate speech and other types of offensive expression, and now are social Media themselves that can exercise prior censorship over content on the basis of similar rules but much more restrictive and ambiguous. Combining normative analysis with empirical methodologies, this paper analyses, focusing on Spain, the implications that Criminal laws and "community guidelines" have on citizens' decisions to express themselves freely, which is fundamental for the configuration of a real democracy. It is made up of two studies: the first traces the evolution of judicial resolutions in Spain that prosecute possible crimes of terrorism and hate for political expression on social networks, as a result of the popularisation of these since 2014 in concurrence with a broad and ambiguous legislation. The results show a significant growth of state control over expressions that are essentially offensive but that, in most cases, do not represent a clear and present danger and could go beyond the doctrine of the ECHR.  In the second part, an empirical study is carried out to analyse how the existence of hate speech crimes and social media rules affects the decision to express political ideas on social networks or to self-censor. The results show that a large part of the sample is self-censoring but that criminal law and content rules, in particular the severity of the law and the certainty that it is applied, do not have a direct effect on the decision to express ideas on the Internet, while the social perception of what others do is decisive. It is discussed how this calls into question the legitimacy of the evident limitation of freedom of expression of some crimes in Spain.
Research on Emergency Management of Pharmaceutical Care in Designated Hospital for Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Liu Xiu-lan , Liu Yi , Lin Qiu , Pan Luo , Jingjin Jin , Jianling Zheng , Liu Dong , Li Juan
Published: April 2020

Background: The novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) was entered into the critical period of epidemic prevention. Our hospital was designated as a hospital for severe pneumonia in Wuhan. Timely and effective pharmaceutical emergency support system is of great significance for the epidemic prevention and control of COVID-19. Method:In order to ensure COVID-19 patients' medication needs and ensure the safety treatment, we focus on the key points and difficult problems in the practice of pharmaceutical management during the period of COVID-19, and then formulate appropriate pharmaceutical emergency support system combined with clinical practice. Results:The pharmaceutical department quickly launched the emergency mechanism, formulated the key drug catalog for COVID-19, purchased some treatment drugs, reformed the emergency pharmacy process, established the donated drug management system, established the pharmacist consultation team, set up the "cloud pharmacy" for patients with chronic diseases other than COVID-19, and strengthened pharmacist protection management. Conclusion:During the period of COVID-19, the pharmaceutical administration is a professional, comprehensive, complex and systematic emergency project to ensure the drug supply and safety administration.
Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (eNOS) Gene Expression determine the abundance of circulatory Endothelial Progenitor Cells (EPC) in Premature Coronary Artery Disease (PCAD) Patients
Authors: Sen Atanu , Vemparala Kranthi , Roy Ambuj , Bahl Vinay Kumar , Prabhakaran Dorairaj , Sinha Subrata , Re Kolli Srinath , Ramakrishnan Lakshmy
Published: April 2020

Objectives Several studies has reported a reduced circulatory level and impaired functionality of EPCs in CAD patients and the role of eNOS in relation with reduced circulatory level of EPC and their impaired functionality has been revealed by in vitro and animal studies. However EPC’s eNOS gene expression profile in in vivo condition in PCAD patients is yet to be revealed as the prevalence of CAD at young age is markedly increased in developing countries. Our previous study has already reported a significantly reduced circulatory level of EPC in PCAD patients compared to control subjects and in continuation of that finding, present study aimed to investigate the eNOS gene expression of EPC in same study subjects as well as to establish the association between EPC’s eNOS gene expression and reduced circulatory level of EPC in PCAD patients. Results Reduced eNOS gene expression in EPC from PCAD patients compared to healthy controls were found (0.998±0.096/1.063±0.107) with a p-value of 0.002 and this difference was persistent even after adjusting for confounding factors (p=0.002). A positive correlation was found between eNOS gene expression and level of CD34+/KDR+ cells in circulation (r = 0.234 and p = 0.0664); data from previous study.
The association between public service motivation, work engagement and work attitudes among Chinese employees from community health service centers
Authors: gan kaipeng , Lin Yun , Wang Qiu
Published: April 2020

Background Public service motivation (PSM) is regarded as an important psychological resource to enhance public employees’ job satisfaction and organizational commitment, and lower their turnover intention. Although the relationship between PSM and individual performance has been examined extensively in previous studies, the results regarding the links between these factors still remain inconsistent. Our empirical study provides some practical implications for policy makers to improve employees’ PSM through various formal or informal occupational training. Methods We conducted a survey with 468 employees in 16 community health service centers in Yunnan province , southwest China . The associations between PSM, work engagement and work attitudes were assessed by some statistical methods including Pearson correlation, confirmatory factory analysis and structural equation modeling . Results Employees’ PSM had a direct positive effect on job satisfaction and organizational commitment respectively, but it had a direct negative effect on turnover intention. Moreover, PSM increased employees’ job satisfaction and organizational commitment, and lowered employees’ turnover intention through work engagement. Conclusion The results suggest that managers in the community health service centers should assess job applicants’ PSM levels in in recruitment and selection procedures and enhance employees’ PSM levels through various occupational training. Further, considering the role of work engagement in shaping employees’ work attitudes, policy makers should attach importance to the promoting of employees’ work engagement.
Telecommunications, productivity and regional dependence: a comparative analysis between the Brazil, China and main developed regions in the post-reform period
Authors: Betarelli Admir Antonio , Faria Weslem Rodrigues , Montenegro Rosa Livia Gonçalves , Perobelli Fernando Salgueiro , Ribeiro Luiz Carlos de Santana
Published: April 2020

In the last two decades, new technologies and the rapid growth of the telecommunications sector have changed production and trade relations in world economic systems. Regional dependence on the level of productivity, supply and demand of telecommunications has increased worldwide. Our study analyzes the changes in total factor productivity (TFP) of telecommunications and verifies its global and regional importance between 2000 and 2014. We apply the TFP decomposition and extraction technique in an input−output model. The main findings suggest improved efficiency has resulted in TFP gains in developed countries, whose variations were lower than those of Brazilian telecommunications, which exhibit a low capital−labor ratio. Moreover, global and regional dependence is more sensitive to supply than the demand for telecommunications. Although the main effects on the regional output are intraregional, the backward and forward effects denote a heavy regional reliance on US telecommunications and reciprocity between China and European countries. The increase in telecommunications influenced by national policies in countries with little emphasis on regional composition should generate minor marginal gains in PTF, even with the gain in productive efficiency. These policies are also expected to reduce the dependence on American and Chinese telecommunications.
Therapeutic Preferences for Coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) Patients
Authors: MUSTAFA NASIR
Published: April 2020

Background: Modern researches have focused the attention towards the potential advantage of chloroquine, a broadly used antimalarial drug, in the treatment of patients infected by the novel appeared coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). Chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine has been frequently used in treating SARS-CoV-2 infection. Which is useful in controlling the cytokine storm that occurs late-phase in critically ill SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. The scientific community should consider this information in light of previous experiments with Chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine in the field of antiviral research. Methods: In the view of current situation efforts of international health professionals have since focused on rapid diagnosis and isolation of patients as well as the search for therapies able to counter the most severe effects of the disease. It is mandatory to investigate the possible effect of chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine against SARS-CoV-2. Since this molecule was previously described as a potent inhibitor of most coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-1. Preliminary trials of chloroquine repurposing in the treatment of COVID-19 in China have been encouraging, leading to several new trials. Here we discuss the possible mechanisms of chloroquine interference with the SARS-CoV-2 replication cycle.Results: Chloroquine has been shown to be capable of inhibiting the in vitro replication of several coronaviruses. Recent publications support the hypothesis that chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine can improve the clinical outcome of patients infected by SARS-CoV-2.
Time series analysis of tuberculosis registration rates from 2007 to 2019 and prediction: could tuberculosis control milestones be achieved in 2020 and 2025 in Henan Province, China?
Authors: Zhang Yanqiu , Li Weibin , Jiang Jianguo , Zhang Guolong , Zhuang Yan , Xu Jiying , Shi Jie , Sun Dingyong , Li Xinxu
Published: April 2020

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) End TB Strategy meant that compared with 2015 baseline, the reduction in pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB) incidence rate should be 20% and 50% in 2020 and 2025, respectively. The incidence number of PTB in China accounted for 9% of the global total in 2018, which ranked the second high in the world. From 2007 to 2019, 854,672active PTB cases were registered and treated in Henan Province, China. We need to assess whether the WHO milestones could be achieved in Henan Province. Methods: The active PTB numbers in Henan Province from 2007 to2019, registered in Chinese Tuberculosis Information Management System (CTIMS) were analyzed to predict the active PTB registration rates in 2020 and 2025, which is conductive to early response measures to ensure the achievement of the WHO milestones. The time series model was created by monthly active PTB registration rates from 2007 to 2016, and the optimal model was verified by data from 2017 to 2019. Monthly and annual active PTB registration rates and 95% confidence interval (CI) from 2020 to 2025 were predicted. Results: High active PTB registration rates in March, April, May and June showed the seasonal variations. The exponential smoothing winter’s multiplication model was selected as the best-fitting model. The predicted values were approximately consistent with the observed ones from 2017 to 2019. The annual active PTB registration rates were predicted as 49.2 (95% CI: 36.0-62.5) and 34.3 (95% CI: 17.7-50.8) per 100 ,000 population in 2020 and 2025 , respectively. Compared with the active PTB registration rate in 2015, the reduction will reach 23.7% (95% CI: 3.1%-44.2%) and 46.9% (95% CI: 21.3%-72.5%) in 2020 and 2025, respectively. Conclusions: The high active PTB registration rates in spring and early summer indicates that high risk of tuberculosis infection in late autumn and winter in Henan Province. Without regard to the confidence interval, the first milestone of WHO End TB Strategy in 2020 will be achieved. However, the second milestone in 2025 will not be easily achieved unless there are early response measures in Henan Province, China. Trial registration: Not applicable
Bioinformatics approaches to understand the interactions between the SARS corona Virus (SARS-CoV19) with stranded drugs of anti-retro viral treatment, Influenza and Malaria.
Authors: Nanchari Santhoshi Rani , perugu Shyam
Published: April 2020

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is highly contagious disease caused by virus COVID19. The first case is reported in Wuhan, China, with rapid spreading all over the world and the rate of mortality is also high. SARS-CoV and another human coronavirus, HCoV-NL63 has large spike protein (S) on the virion surface mediates both cell attachment and membrane fusion with receptor sites present on host cell-surface zinc peptidase, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Methodology: In the present study, molecular docking studies have been carried out to assess the interaction between the novel corona virus protein COVID19 with stranded drugs used for influenza, anti-retro viral therapy and malaria drugs by using Accelerys discovery studio 2.5, followed by analysis of data. The present study will help to design the drugs against the corona virus and understand the mode of treatment for SARS. Results: All the four-protein receptor of COVID 19 proteins at particular amino acid position binds to the NH and H atom of anti-retro viral therapy drugs (Atazanavir, Doravirine, Emitricitabine, Entravirine, Raltegravir, Tenofavir Disproxil, and Zidovudin) and anti-malaria drug (Hydroxy chloroquine) with less hydrogen bond distance with maximum docking scores which indicates that these compounds can acts against the COVID19 virus. Gene mania network help to design the novel drugs and diagnosis. Conclusions: This is first report to show the molecular docking interaction between the COVID19 protein with stranded drugs of anti -viral treatment. anti-viral drugs Atazanavir, Doravirine, Emitricitabine, Entravirine, Raltegravir, Tenofavir Disproxil, and Zidovudin and malaria drug Hydroxy chloroquine has more strong binding with COVID19 protein receptors.
Probiotic Bifidobacterium Lactis V9 attenuates hepatic steatosis and inflammation in rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Yan Yan , Liu Chunyan , Zhao Shimin , Wang Xinxu , Wang Jinling , Zhang Heping , Wang Yuzhen , Zhao Guofen
Published: April 2020

Both steatosis and inflammation are key pathological events in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Probiotics are beneficial in the prevention and treatment of NAFLD. Bifidobacterium animalis subsp.lactis V9 (V9) is a newly isolated strain with favorable probiotic properties. The study aims to evaluate the effects and mechanisms of V9 on the hepatic steatosis and inflammatory responses in a rat model of NAFLD induced by high-fat diets (HFD). Our results showed that administration with V9 significantly attenuated HFD-induced increases in the levels of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), accompanied by alleviated hepatic steatosis. V9 supplementation decreased the accumulation of hepatic triglyceride (TG) and free fatty acid (FFA), while increasing the levels of glycogen. The levels of serum glucose were also decreased in HFD rats administrated with V9. Meanwhile, the transcription of SREBP-1c and FAS was reduced and the hepatic expression of phosphorylated-AMPK and PPAR-α was restored by V9 administration. V9 suppressed the production of inflammatory cytokines (e.g. IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α) in HFD-fed rats. The anti-inflammatory effect of V9 was found to be associated with the inhibition of hepatic expression of TLR4, TLR9, NLRP3, and ASC mRNA. Furthermore, the activation of ERK, JNK, AKT and NF-κB was suppressed by V9 treatment. These results indicated that Bifidobacterium Lactis V9 improved NAFLD by regulating de novo lipid synthesis and suppressing inflammation through AMPK and TLR-NF-κB pathways, respectively.
Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of imported cases with COVID-19 infection: a multicentre study
Authors: Zhang Jinjun , Yang Shixiong , Xu Yi , Liu Jialiang , Guo Jinjun , Tian Sijia , Wang Shaoping , Liao Kai , Zhang Ying , Ma Yu , Chen Yuguo
Published: April 2020

Objective: Numerous cases of COVID-19 were confirmed in the world in succession. We reported the epidemiological and clinical features of 478 confirmed cases from a multicentre study outside of Wuhan, China. Methods : We collected patients who were transferred by Emergency Medical Service to the designated hospitals in four major cities including Beijing, Chongqing, Jinan and Nanning in China. We compared the characteristics between imported and indigenous cases, and calculated the fatality, and the rate of severe cases, mild and asymptomatic cases to generate the pyramid of COVID-19 infection. Results : The mean age of patients was 46.9 years old and 49.8% were male. The most common symptoms at the onset of illness were fever (69.7% ), cough (47.5%), fatigue (24.5%), dyspnea (8.4%) and headache (7.9%). In the study, most cases (313, 65.5%) were indigenous, while 165 (34.5%) were imported. During the early stage, the imported cases were dominant, which declined from Feb 1, when the indigenous cases rise sharply. Compared with the indigenous cases, the imported cases were significantly distinct concerning gender composition (P=0.002), classification of severity (P=0.006). Conclusions : On the basis of this study, we suggest that preventing import from outside and controlling spread inside should be a basic principle for resisting COVID-19 infection. If not, the region or area will face chaos.
Infant and young child feeding practices and nutritional status in two Health Zones of South Kivu, Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo: a community-based study.
Authors: Kambale Richard Mbusa , Ngaboyeka Gaylord Amani , Kasengi Joe Bwija , Niyitegeka Sarah , Cinkenye Boss Rutakaza , Baruti Armand , Mutuga Kizito Chentwali , Linden Dimitri Van der
Published: April 2020

Background: In DRC, childhood undernutrition remains a serious public health concern. Internationally recommended infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices may improve child nutritional status. This study aimed to describe IYCF practices, factors associated with inappropriate complementary feeding, and infant’s nutritional status. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study including 1,009 mother-infant pair was conducted in August 2019 in 32 health areas (16 in rural health zone and 16 in urban one) of South Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), among mothers who had infants under 24 months of age. Infant’s nutritional status was assessed using WHO Anthro plus software. To describe IYCF practices, we used the indicators recommended by the WHO. To study the factors associated with inappropriate complementary feeding practices, we performed univariable and multiple logistic regression analyzes. The data was analyzed in SPSS version 25. Results: The prevalence of early initiation of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months of age was 73.7% and 42.2% respectively. Of the 746 infants aged 6–23.9 months, 246 (32.3%) received appropriate complementary feeding. Of the 997 infants who had valid anthropometric parameters, 416 (41.7%) were well-nourished, 374 (37.5%) were undernourished and 207 (20.8%) were overweight. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that residence in rural area [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR): 2.38 (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.49, 3.78)], non-attendance at postnatal care (AOR 1.63; 95% CI 1.12, 2.96), low household socioeconomic (AOR 1.72; 95% CI 1.14, 2.59) and low maternal education (AOR 1.83; 95% CI 1.20, 2.77) were factors associated with inappropriate complementary feeding. Mothers with inappropriate complementary feeding practices were 6.88 times more likely to have undernourished infants than their counterparts (AOR 6.88; 95% CI 1.24, 18.37). Conclusion: Findings from this study provide strong evidence, both of association between inappropriate complementary feeding and undernutrition, and of the double burden of malnutrition with the co-existence of under- and overnutrition in the infant population in South Kivu. Interventions should focus on both preventing undernutrition and overweight to promote child well-being.
The Financial Viability of RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) Technology: A case of Sheep Feedlots
Authors: Wet Pieter-Steyn De , Lombard WA , bahta Yonas T.
Published: April 2020

Agriculture has been confronted with a wide range of challenges and sustainable solutions are required to fulfill the growing demands. Precision Agriculture Technology, such as Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is paving the way for agricultural producers to fulfill demands by allowing more precise input management. This study aimed to evaluate the financial viability of implementing RFID technology in a South African sheep feedlot. The data used in the study consist of a sample size of 508 sheep that was collected at a sheep feedlot situated in the Western Cape Province of South Africa who has incorporated an RFID system in their operation. The four techniques applied in this study to evaluate investment into such a system were the return on investment, simple payback period, internal rate of return and the net present value. Results show that it will not be worthwhile for sheep feedlots to invest in RFID systems if their only purpose is to identify non-performing lambs after a 14 day feeding period. If RFID data is made part of a feedlot strategic management the investment will be viable. This will allow for more strategic decisions to be made and ensure that feedlots can operate profitably and sustainably.
Global Shock in Economic Activities: COVID-19 Pandemonium
Authors: Nwokolo Chinenye Ifeoma , Ogbuagu Matthew Ikechukwu , Iwegbu Onyebuchi
Published: April 2020

The sudden outbreak of corona virus disease (COVID-19) all over the globe has continued to spread like a wild fire. The confirmed number of deaths was about 3, 400 as of March 7, 2020 but an exponential death increase has been recorded with the number of deaths jumping to a height of about 13,550 on March 22, 2020. The alarming level of spread poses challenge to leaders, economist and policy makers in the world and have distrust global workforce. The global economic implication of the pandemic has become detrimental to human, health, social, political and economic activities, among others which has resulted to global economic shock. Hence, countries have become nationalized and politics becoming nationalistic. Among suggested policy measure include: reduction of interest rates as low as the 2009 subprime crisis percentage point just to encourage investment and recovery in global activities, International health organizations should intensifying surveillance, outbreak readiness, biomedical counter-measures as preventive measures, massive education and enlightenment about the virus using all local dilates , its mode of transmission, and its health and socio-economic effects on the household and economy at large. For an effective implementation of these policy solution, maximum support is needed from all the stakeholders such as the governments, non-governmental organizations, health professionals, the media, communities, and the individuals at large.
Melatonin increases brown adipose tissue acute thermogenic capacity in rats measured by 18F-FDG PET
Authors: Halpern Bruno , Mancini Marcio C , Mendes Caroline , Machado Camila Maria Longo , Prando Silvana , Sapienza Marcelo Tatit , Buchpiguel Carlos Alberto , Amaral Fernanda Gaspar do , Cipolla-Neto José
Published: April 2020

Objective Melatonin has been shown to increase brown adipose tissue (BAT) mass, which can lead to important metabolic effects, as bodyweight reduction and glycemic improvement. However, BAT mass can only be measured invasiveness, and the gold-standard for non-invasive measurement of BAT activity is positron emission tomography with 2-deoxy-2-[fluorine-18]fluoro-D-glucose ( 18 F-FDG PET). There is no study, to our knowledge that evaluated if melatonin influences BAT activity measured by this imaging technique. Methods Three experimental groups (control, pinealectomy, and pinealectomy replaced ith melatonin) performed 18 F-FDG PET in ambient temperature and after acute cold exposure. The ratio of increased BAT activity after cold exposure/ambient temperature was called “acute thermogenic capacity.” We also measured UCP-1 mRNA expression to correlate with 18 F-FDG PET results. Results Pinealectomy led to a reduced acute thermogenic capacity compared with the other groups, as well as a reduced UCP1 mRNA expression.Conclusion Melatonin deficiency apparently impairs BAT response to acute cold exposure. These results can lead to future studies of the influence of melatonin on BAT, in animals and humans, without the need for invasive evaluation of BAT.
The 2019 novel coronavirus disease with secondary ischemic stroke: two cases report
Authors: Fu Bin , Chen Yun , Li Ping
Published: April 2020

Background : The 2019 novel coronavirus disease is an outbreak of respiratory illness first detected in Wuhan, China in the end of Dec, 2019. The older patients complicated with underlying diseases are reported more likely to have clinical symptoms. But its secondary lesion is rarely reported. Case presentation : We reported two cases of coronavirus infected pneumonia with acute ischemic stroke in patients at their middle-age. In both 2019 coronavirus diseases cases, neurological physical examination are normal before infection. Lymphocytopenia and high expression of cytokines and D-dimer were found from serum clinical laboratory test at admission. The tongue palsy, dysarthria and limb muscle weakness are initial manifestations in one week after 2019 novel coronavirus infection. The head CT and head/neck arterial CTA showed small-vessel occlusion. The patients were diagnosed with coronavirus diseases with secondary acute ischemic stroke. They were treated with tirofiban and followed up with daily aspirin and atorvastatin. Conclusion : The present cases suggest that secondary ischemic stroke, which mainly manifested as small-vessel occlusion, should be considered for coronavirus disease patients with prompt diagnosis and treatment.
Effect of past behavioral experience on intention to use cervical cancer screening services among women in resources poor settings of Ethiopia: applicability of theory of planned behavior
Authors: Abamecha Fira , Tena Atsede
Published: April 2020

Background: Despite; it’s effectively used to predicting the behavioral intentions of different health behaviors; the theory of planned behavior has been rarely tested in the context of low income countries. The current study has examined the effect of past behavioral experience on predictive applicability of theory of planned Behavior to intended use cervical cancer screening among women in resources poor settings. Methods: The study employed cross-sectional design enrolling 422 women visiting maternal and child health clinic. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. The research was conducted under the framework of the theory of planned behavior to measure attitude, intention, perceived social and contextual influences. The SPSS version 21.0 was used to analyze the data. A hierarchal multivariable linear regression analysis was conducted to estimate the predictive power of the theory. The adjusted R-square and standardized regression coefficient were used to interpret the variance and effects of predictors on intention to cervical cancer screening respectively. P-value less than 5% was used to indicate significant associations. Results: The theory of planned behavior has explained variance in intention to use cervical cancer screening by 23.5% (R 2 =0.235). The inclusion of socio-demographic factors and past behavioral experiences into the model improved the prediction to 34.6% (R 2 = 0.349) indicating;11.40% of the prediction was attributed by factors external to theory. Subjective norm and attitude accounted for the highest and least variances in intention with 12.4% (R 2 = 0.124, F= 64.41, p=0.001) and 5.1% (R 2 = 0.051, F= 22.38, P=0.001) respectively. The past behavioral experience of using cervical cancer screening was significantly accounted for very small variances in intention with; 1% (R 2 = 0.01, F= 4.11, p=0.043) Conclusion: The past behavioral experience has small significant positive effect on the prediction. Intention to use cervical cancer screening among women can fairly be predicted by the application of theory of planned behavior. The predictive power of the theory could be improved with the inclusion of external factors like socio-demographic characteristics and behavioral experiences into the theory. Considering these factors while designing TPB based researches and health behavior change interventions is recommended.
The genomic recombination events may reveal the evolution of coronavirus and the origination of 2019-nCoV
Authors: Zhu Zhenglin , Meng Kaiwen , Meng Geng
Published: April 2020

To trace the evolution of coronavirus and reveal the possible origination of the novel pneumonia coronavirus (2019-nCoV), we collected and thoroughly analyzed 2966 publicly available coronavirus genomes, including 182 2019-nCoVs strains. We observed 3 independent recombination events with statistical significance between some isolates from bats and pangolins. In consistence with previous records, we also detected the putative recombination between Bat-CoV-RaTG13 and Pangolin-CoV-2019 covering the receptor bind domain (RBD) of the spike glycoprotein (S protein), which may lead to the origination of 2019-nCoV. Population genetic analyses give estimations indicating that the recombinant region around RBD is possibly undergoing directional evolution. This may result to the adaption of the virus to be infectious in hosts. Not surprisingly, we find that the S protein of coronavirus keeps high diversity among bat isolates, which may provide a genetic pool for the origination of 2019-nCoV.
Matematik Eğitimi Alanında Yazılan Lisansüstü Deneysel Tezlerin İncelenmesi: Bir Meta-Analiz Çalışması
Authors: BİBER Abdullah Çağrı , ER Gökhan
Published: April 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı, 2001–2017 yılları arasında ülkemizde matematik eğitimi alanında yapılmış ve YÖK veri tabanında yer alan yüksek lisans ve doktora düzeyindeki deneysel desenli tezleri inceleyerek, deneysel araştırmaların genel durumunu ortaya koymaktır. Bu çalışmada tezlerin yıllara, üniversitelere ve cinsiyete göre dağılımları, deneylerin uygulanma süreleri, normallik, kalıcık testi uygulamaları ve veri analizinde kullanılan testler incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın evrenini belirtilen yıllar arasında yazılmış ve YÖK veri tabanında Matematik Eğitimi Ana Bilim Dalında bulunan 308 adet lisansüstü tez oluştururken; araştırmanın örneklemini bu tezler arasından seçilen yüksek lisans düzeyinde 94 ve doktora düzeyinde 17 olmak üzere toplam 111 adet lisansüstü deneysel tez oluşturmaktadır. Belirlenen tezler, 9 ölçüt baz alınarak incelenmiş, inceleme sonucunda elde edilen veriler excel programında düzenlenerek kaydedilmiştir. Kaydedilen verilerin frekans değerleri hesaplanarak analiz edilmiştir. Meta-analiz yöntemle incelenen tezlerden elde edilen bulgulara göre, yapılan deneysel araştırmaların çoğunda; yarı-deneysel yöntemin tercih edildiği, çalışmalarda yapılan istatistiksel veri analiz testlerinden t-testinin tercih edildiği belirlenmiştir. Bu araştırma sonunda elde edilen bulguların, matematik eğitimi alanında bundan sonra yapılacak olan deneysel araştırmalara ışık tutacağı düşünülmektedir
The Development of Inhibitors Targeting the Mixed Lineage Leukemia 1 (MLL1)-WD Repeat Domain 5 Protein (WDR5) Protein- Protein Interaction
Authors: Ye Xiaoqing , Chen Gang , Jin Jia , Zhang Binzhong , Wang Yinda , Cai Zhenhai , Ye Fei
Published: April 2020

Mixed Lineage Leukemia 1 (MLL1), an important member of Histone Methyltransferases
(HMT) family, is capable of catalyzing mono-, di-, and trimethylation of Histone 3 lysine 4 (H3K4).
The optimal catalytic activity of MLL1 requires the formation of a core complex consisting of
MLL1, WDR5, RbBP5, and ASH2L. The Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) between WDR5 and
MLL1 plays an important role in abnormal gene expression during tumorigenesis, and disturbing
this interaction may have a potential for the treatment of leukemia harboring MLL1 fusion proteins.
In this review, we will summarize recent progress in the development of inhibitors targeting MLL1-
WDR5 interaction.
Perception of elementary school teachers on Laro Ng Lahi in Quirino, Isabela
Authors: Prestoza Mark-Jhon R. , Paludipan Chrismarie P. , Abad Arvinjay E.
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this study is to determine the Perception of Selected Elementary School Teachers on Laro ng Lahi in Quirino, Isabela. The participants of this study were ten (10) selected Elementary School Teachers, five (5) from Generation X and five (5) from the Millenials. The researchers utilized qualitative research through face to face interviews. The responses were analyzed through descriptive coding using the thematic analysis. Based on the gathered data’s, Laro ng Lahi is still being played by pupils despite their access to advanced technologies and some of these are Tumbang Preso, Sipa, Patintero, Tagu-Taguan, Chinese Garter, Sungka, Luksong Tinik, Luksong Baka, Holen, Tug of War, Agawang Sisiw, Bum-Bum Lata, Agawan ng Panyo, Agawan ng Base, and Siyato. The importance of Laro ng Lahi can be classified according to its benefit in terms of health, culture, social aspiration, and values. Laro ng Lahi can be preserved employing continuous engagement in the respective houses and classroom integration by considering the use of native materials.
Psychiatric Profiles of eHealth Users Evaluated Using Data Mining Techniques: Cohort Study
Authors: Lopez-Castroman Jorge , Abad-Tortosa Diana , Cobo Aguilera Aurora , Courtet Philippe , Barrigón Maria Luisa , Artés Antonio , Baca-García Enrique
Published: April 2020

Background

New technologies are changing access to medical records and the relationship between physicians and patients. Professionals can now use e-mental health tools to provide prompt and personalized responses to patients with mental illness. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the digital phenotypes of patients who use e-mental health apps.

Objective

This study aimed to reveal the profiles of users of a mental health app through machine learning techniques.

Methods

We applied a nonparametric model, the Sparse Poisson Factorization Model, to discover latent features in the response patterns of 2254 psychiatric outpatients to a short self-assessment on general health. The assessment was completed through a mental health app after the first login.

Results

The results showed the following four different profiles of patients: (1) all patients had feelings of worthlessness, aggressiveness, and suicidal ideas; (2) one in four reported low energy and difficulties to cope with problems; (3) less than a quarter described depressive symptoms with extremely high scores in suicidal thoughts and aggressiveness; and (4) a small number, possibly with the most severe conditions, reported a combination of all these features.

Conclusions

User profiles did not overlap with clinician-made diagnoses. Since each profile seems to be associated with a different level of severity, the profiles could be useful for the prediction of behavioral risks among users of e-mental health apps.
Interpreting COVID-19 and Virtual Care Trends: Cohort Study
Authors: Khairat Saif , Meng Chenlu , Xu Yuxuan , Edson Barbara , Gianforcaro Robert
Published: April 2020

Background

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is rapidly spreading across the world. As of March 26, 2020, there are more than 500,000 cases and more than 25,000 deaths related to COVID-19, and the numbers are increasing by the hour.

Objective

The aim of this study was to explore the trends in confirmed COVID-19 cases in North Carolina, and to understand patterns in virtual visits related to symptoms of COVID-19.

Methods

We conducted a cohort study of confirmed COVID-19 cases and patients using an on-demand, statewide virtual urgent care center. We collected data from February 1, 2020, to March 15, 2020. Institutional Review Board exemption was obtained prior to the study.

Results

As of March, 18 2020, there were 92 confirmed COVID-19 cases and 733 total virtual visits. Of the total visits, 257 (35.1%) were related to COVID-19-like symptoms. Of the COVID-19-like visits, the number of females was 178 (69.2%). People in the age groups of 30-39 years (n=67, 26.1%) and 40-49 years (n=64, 24.9%) were half of the total patients. Additionally, approximately 96.9% (n=249) of the COVID-like encounters came from within the state of North Carolina. Our study shows that virtual care can provide efficient triaging in the counties with the highest number of COVID-19 cases. We also confirmed that the largest spread of the disease occurs in areas with a high population density as well as in areas with major airports.

Conclusions

The use of virtual care presents promising potential in the fight against COVID-19. Virtual care is capable of reducing emergency room visits, conserving health care resources, and avoiding the spread of COVID-19 by treating patients remotely. We call for further adoption of virtual care by health systems across the United States and the world during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Urban Intelligence for Pandemic Response: Viewpoint
Authors: Lai Yuan , Yeung Wesley , Celi Leo Anthony
Published: April 2020

Previous epidemic management research proves the importance of city-level information, but also highlights limited expertise in urban data applications during a pandemic outbreak. In this paper, we provide an overview of city-level information, in combination with analytical and operational capacity, that define urban intelligence for supporting response to disease outbreaks. We present five components (movement, facilities, people, information, and engagement) that have been previously investigated but remain siloed to successfully orchestrate an integrated pandemic response. Reflecting on the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak that was first identified in Wuhan, China, we discuss the opportunities, technical challenges, and foreseeable controversies for deploying urban intelligence during a pandemic. Finally, we emphasize the urgency of building urban intelligence through cross-disciplinary research and collaborative practice on a global scale.
Quality Criteria for Serious Games: Serious Part, Game Part, and Balance (Preprint)
Authors: Caserman Polona , Hoffmann Katrin , Müller Philipp , Schaub Marcel , Straßburg Katharina , Wiemeyer Josef , Bruder Regina , Göbel Stefan
Published: April 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

Serious games are digital games that have an additional goal beyond entertainment. Recently, many studies have explored different quality criteria for serious games, including effectiveness and attractiveness. Unfortunately, the double mission of serious games, that is, simultaneous achievement of intended effects (serious part) and entertainment (game part), is not adequately considered in these studies. This paper aims to identify essential quality criteria for serious games. The fundamental goal of our research is to identify important factors of serious games and to adapt the existing principles and requirements from game-related literature to effective and attractive serious games. In addition to the review of the relevant literature, we also include workshop results. Furthermore, we analyzed and summarized 22 state-of-the-art serious games for education and health. The selected best-practice serious games either prove their effectiveness through scientific studies or by winning game awards. For the analysis of these games, we refer to “DIN SPEC 91380 Serious Games Metadata Format.” A summarized text states quality criteria for both the serious and the game part, and especially the balance between them. We provide guidelines for high-quality serious games drawn from literature analysis and in close cooperation with domain experts.
COVID-19 Mobile Positioning Data Contact Tracing and Patient Privacy Regulations: Exploratory Search of Global Response Strategies and the Use of Digital Tools in Nigeria (Preprint)
Authors: Ekong Iniobong , Chukwu Emeka , Chukwu Martha
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is the biggest global economic and health challenge of the century. Its effect and impact are still evolving, with deaths estimated to reach 40 million if unchecked. One effective and complementary strategy to slow the spread and reduce the impact is to trace the primary and secondary contacts of confirmed COVID-19 cases using contact tracing technology.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this paper is to survey strategies for digital contact tracing for the COVID-19 pandemic and to present how using mobile positioning data conforms with Nigeria’s data privacy regulations.

METHODS

We conducted an exploratory review of current measures for COVID-19 contact tracing implemented around the world. We then analyzed how countries are using mobile positioning data technology to reduce the spread of COVID-19. We made recommendations on how Nigeria can adopt this approach while adhering to the guidelines provided by the National Data Protection Regulation (NDPR).

RESULTS

Despite the potential of digital contact tracing, it always conflicts with patient data privacy regulations. We found that Nigeria’s response complies with the NDPR, and that it is possible to leverage call detail records to complement current strategies within the NDPR.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study shows that mobile position data contact tracing is important for epidemic control as long as it conforms to relevant data privacy regulations. Implementation guidelines will limit data misuse.
The Conceptualization of Genre in Systemic Functional Linguistics
Authors: Alyousef Hesham Suleiman , Alyahya Asma Mohammed
Published: April 2020

Genre constitutes the rhetorical features of a text and the semiotic communicative purpose(s) it serves. It has marveled Systemic Functional Linguistics’ (SFL) scholars as to whether it should be treated as an aspect of the situational context (register) or as a distinct cultural semiotic system that correlates with texture- i.e. the three register categories of field, tenor, and mode. This paper aims to review the conceptualization of genre in the Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) tradition. Whereas Halliday associates genre with mode, Martin coordinates the three register variables of field, tenor, and mode in relation to social purpose. The elements of a schematic structure are generated by genre networks, which in turn preselect particular values of field, tenor and mode in a given culture. Both Halliday's context of situation and Martin’s context of culture levels are dynamic connotative semiotic systems through which new meanings are created by the three processes of semogenesis. Genre is conceived as a distinct cultural semiotic system, rather than an aspect of ‘mode’, that correlates with texture. Martin later avoided the intertextual glosses context of culture and context of situation since Halliday used them for instantiation, and not supervenience. The three register variables of language organize information at the level of genre into coherent texts. Modelled as register and genre, the stratified model of context configures meanings not only through discourse semantics, lexicogrammar, and phonology but also through the prosodic phases of evaluation. Halliday calls this model appliable linguistics since it enables us to develop a powerful model of language that is both “theoretical” and “applied” (Mahboob & Knight, 2010).
Lexicon of Uma Baloko Establishment of Kodi Speech Community of Southwest Sumba
Authors: Kosat Paulina Maria Yovita , Umiyati Mirsa
Published: April 2020

Abstract—Studies on interrelation and interplaying between ecology and language of human have long been of heated debate. Mostly they remain in how linguistic forms are indirectly used within the environment to record all kinds of activities. This study examines the lexicons and their sense relation used in the construction of Uma Bokolo of Kodi speech community, Southwest Sumba, from the perspective of ecolinguistic theory. Data were collected by observing the house and deep-structurally interviewing two senior inhabitants of Kodi. Data analysis was done by tringulation method. The results show that there are 55 lexicons consisting of 41 lexicons of noun-formed and 14 lexicon verb-formed. Each of these lexicons is divided into two categories, namely the category of biotic and abiotic environments. In addition, from the results of the data analysis, it is also found that there are 23 noun lexicon of base form and 17 of compound word form. Each of the lexicon comprises 12 lexicons with N-N pattern, 2 lexicons with N-V pattern, and 3 lexicons patterned N-A. There are three kinds of sense relation found, such as hyponymy, synonymy and hypernymy.
Keywords: Ecolinguistic; Lexicon; Sense Relation; Uma Baloko