bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gambaran Karakteristik Dan Pengetahuan Ibu Hamiltentang Tanda Bahaya Kehamilan Di Poliklinik Kebidanan Rs Sumber Waras Jakarta Barat
Authors: Sutijah Maria , Utami Sr. Lucia
Published: July 2022

Tanda bahaya kehamilan merupakan tanda yang mengindikasikan adanya bahaya yang terjadi selama masa kehamilan. Pengetahuan tentang tanda bahaya kehamilan wajib diketahui oleh ibu hamil karena dengan mengetahui tanda bahaya pada kehamilan segala risiko yang akan terjadi dapat terantisipasi dengan baik. Mengetahui gambaran karakteristik dan pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang tanda bahaya kehamilan di Poliklinik Kebidanan RS Sumber Waras Jakarta Barat tahun 2020. Menggunakan rancangan deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel secara insidental sampling terhadap 90 responden ibu hamil yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Menunjukkan sebanyak 50% ibu hamil memiliki pengetahuan baik, sebanyak 41,1% berpengetahuan cukup dan sebanyak 8,9% berpengetahauan kurang tentang tanda bahaya kehamilan. Pengetahuan ibu baik berdasarkan usia yaitu antara usia 20-35 tahun sebanyak 43,3%, pengetahuan ibu baik berdasarkan pendidikan berada di pendidikan PT sebanyak 21,1%, pengetahuan ibu baik berdasarkan paritas yaitu pada primipara sebanyak 25,6%. Pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang tanda bahaya kehamilan sudah baik, tetapi pengetahuan yang baik belum tentu mempengaruhi kesadaran atau sikap seseorang untuk menggunakan pengetahuannya. Tenaga kesehatan lebih meningkatkan upaya promosi kesehatan berupa penyuluhan dan penyediaan media gratis bagi ibu hamil mengenai tanda bahaya kehamilan.
Preoperative Х-ray imaging for urolithiasis diagnosis in a patient with hepatomegaly
Authors: Kruglov E. A. , Demenok D. V.
Published: July 2022

The increasing prevalence of urolithiasis is a growing concern. Minimally invasive surgery seems to be nowadays the procedure of choice in treating urolithiasis. Quite frequently, an access to calculus can be complicated by concomitant pathology. The article provides a clinical case of urolithiasis preoperative diagnosis with concomitant hepatomegaly in a 67-year-old patient. An example of an interdisciplinary approach to surgical procedure planning is given in this research. Multispiral computed tomography was applied using multi-planar reconstructions, cutaneous radiopaque markers, and body positioning. The described observation allowed to reduce the surgical risks.
The Development and Management of Community Benefit Insight: A Web-Based Resource That Aggregates US-Based Nonprofit Hospital Community Benefit Spending Data
Authors: Ortiz Alexa , Quattrone Wes , Underwood Marcia , Zmuda Michal , Goode La Sonya A. , Saur Chris , Frkovich Jenna , Marcial Laura
Published: July 2022

Community Benefit Insight (CBI) is a publicly available, web-based resource that aggregates US-based nonprofit hospital community benefit spending data reported to the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) from 2010 through 2019. CBI aims to display these data within a clear, approachable interface, making information easy for a user to find and interpret. By making these data available and accessible, CBI can help inform conversations and partnerships between nonprofit hospitals and community stakeholders. This paper provides an overview of the development of the infrastructure that supports CBI’s capabilities; how IRS-released community benefit spending data are prepared and maintained for CBI’s use; and how the tool is currently used, promoted, and evaluated to better meet user needs.
EFEKTIVITAS ROM AKTIF-ASISTIF: SPHERICAL DAN CYLINDRICAL GRIP TERHADAP KEKUATAN OTOT PASIEN STROKE
Authors: Liza Liza Fitri Lina , Herliza  , Dodi Efrisnal
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Stroke is a major health problem in both developed and developing countries. Stroke results in suffering to the sufferer, the social and economic burden for families and sufferers, communities, and the state. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of active-asistive range of motion (ROM): spherical grip and cylindrical grip on increasing muscle strength of upper limb in stroke patients. In this study quantitative with analytic approach. The research design used is pre experiment one group pre- test and post-test design. Research result 16 respondents before spherical grip therapy was found that the highest frequency of upper limb muscle strength 5 people (31,3%)  with score 1 and 2 was on palpation contraction intervention, but no movement was seen, there was movement but could not fight . While after spherical grip therapy found that the highest frequency of upper extremity muscle strength 6 people (37,5%) with score 2 that is at intervention there is movement, but can not fight. Of the 16 respondents prior to cylindrical grip therapy it was found that the highest frequency of upper extremity muscle strength was 6 people (37.5%) with score 1 in the intervention of palpation contraction, but no visible movement. Meanwhile, after cylindrical grip therapy, it was found that the highest frequency of upper limb muscle strength 7 people (43,8%) with score 2 was intervention movement but not resistance. Range of Motion (ROM) Active-Assistive: Spherical Grip and Cylindrical Grip Effective to increase muscle strength of upper limb in stroke patient at Dr. Hospital. M. Yunus of Bengkulu Province. To be used as a reference and information for health workers, especially Dr. Hospital. M. Yunus Bengkulu Province so much better in dealing with patients with stroke patients.
EVALUASI ADVERSE DRUG REACTION (ADR) ANTIDIABETES PADA GERIATRI BERDASARKAN ALGORITMA NARANJO DI KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Handayani Dian , Reza Rahmawati  , Yona Harianti Putri  , Petri Siti Khodijah  , Eni Kurniati  , Violina Aniza
Published: July 2022

Diabetes melitus (DM) adalah kelompok penyakit yang ditunjukkan dengan adanya kelainan metabolik heterogen yang ditandai dengan kondisi hiperglikemia. Penggunaan obat antidiabetes dapat menimbulkan adverse drug reaction terutama pada geriatri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kejadian adverse drug reaction antidiabetes pada geriatri di Kota Bengkulu. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross sectional dengan pengambilan data pasien secara concurrent. Penelitian dilakukan di Kota Bengkulu. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 65 pasien geriatri dengan diabetes melitus yang mendapat obat antidiabetik serta bersedia mengisi kuesioner algoritma naranjo. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan penilaian kausalitas dengan menggunakan algoritma naranjo persentase kejadian ADR pada pasien geriatri dengan diabetes melitus adalah 12,3% dengan derajat kepastian probable (besar kemungkinan) dan 26,2% possible (mungkin). Farmasis dapat berperan dalam identifikasi ADRs melalui kolaborasi dengan tenaga kesehatan lain sehingga dapat dilakukan upaya pencegahan terhadap ADRs pada pasien geriatri.
Hydrogen-Enriched Natural Gas Swirling Flame Characteristics: A Numerical Analysis
Authors: Mohammad Nurizat Rahman  , Norshakina Shahril  , Suzana Yusup
Published: July 2022

Increasing the amount of hydrogen (H2) in natural gas mixtures contributes to gas turbine (GT) decarbonisation initiatives. Hence, the swirling flame characteristics of natural gas mixtures with H2 are investigated in the current work using a numerical assessment of a single swirl burner, which is extensively employed in GT combustors. The baseline numerical and experimental cases pertained to natural gas compositions largely consisting of methane (CH4). The results show that the numerical model adequately describes the swirling component of the flame observed in the experiment. Altogether, the findings show that hydroxyl (OH) radical levels increase in H2-enriched CH4 flames, implying that greater OH pools are responsible for the change in flame structure caused by considerable H2 addition. The addition of 10 % H2 is predicted to raise the peak flame temperature by 4 % compared to the baseline CH4 flame. Therefore, adding 10 % H2 into a GT combustor without any flowrate tuning raises the risk of turbine material deterioration and increased thermal NOx emission. Due to the lower volumetric Lower Heating Value (LHV) of H2, which needs a higher volumetric fuel flow rate than burning natural gas/CH4 at the same thermal output, the addition of 2 % H2 is predicted to reduce the peak flame temperature by 4 % compared to the baseline CH4 flame. Hence, if 2 % H2 is fed into a GT combustor without any flowrate tuning, the required load may not be obtained. When compared to the baseline CH4 case, the addition of 5 % H2 is predicted to provide almost identical peak flame temperature, which can be postulated that the addition of 5 % H2 can produce roughly the same peak flame temperature as the pure CH4 flame because the Wobbe Index is comparable. Therefore, it reveals that incorporating 5 % H2 in the natural gas-fired GT combustor with nearly no modification is viable. More research, however, is required to fully capture the flame structure and strain for assessing transient-related phenomena such as flashback and blow off by raising the H2 proportion and utilising a higher precision turbulence model.
Effects of Throughflow and Gravity Modulation on Thermal Convection in a Couple Stress Fluid Saturated Porous Layer
Authors: Gaikwad SN  , Preeti Bhushan  , P Kiran
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we have investigated the effects of throughflow and gravity modulation on a couple stress fluid saturated porous layer using non-autonomous Ginzburg-Landau model. A small variation of disturbances has been considered to examine the nonlinear thermal instability in a couple stress fluid saturated porous media. At third order, the finite amplitude of convection has been calculated which determines heat transfer. The effect of throughflow i.e., inflow and outflow have dual nature of heat transfer. The couple-stress parameter has stabilizing nature on thermal instability. The couple-stress parameter has stabilizing nature on thermal instability. Further it is found that upward directed flow enhances and downward directed flow diminishes heat transfer.
Zaranda para la separación de hojas y empaque de café en la cosecha asistida
Authors: Sanz-Uribe Juan Rodrigo , Guerrero Álvaro , Velásquez-Henao Javier , Tibaduiza-Vianchá Carlos Alfonso , Henao Gómez Andrés Felipe , Ramírez César Augusto
Published: July 2022

Con el propósito de hacer más eficiente la cosecha de café con lonas, se diseñó una herramienta que ayuda a los recolectores a realizar la separación de las hojas y trozos de ramas por tamaño, que simultáneamente permite empacar el café en las estopas o costales. De manera que se disminuye el tiempo empleado en estas dos actividades, se reduce la pérdida accidental de frutos con el material separado y brinda comodidad a los recolectores en la separación de hojas y empaque del café. Esta nueva zaranda sirve como impulsor de la cosecha asistida de café, ya que, al optimizar el tiempo de separación de hojas y empaque, simultáneamente se aumenta la cantidad de café recolectado en una jornada por operario.
Construya y opere un humedal artificial para el postratamiento de las aguas residuales de su finca cafetera
Authors: Rodríguez-Valencia Nelson , Quintero-Yepes Laura Vanessa , Castañeda Samuel Antonio
Published: July 2022

En esta publicación se presentan los pasos para el diseño, dimensionamiento, construcción, operación y mantenimiento de los humedales artificiales para el postratamiento de las aguas residuales generadas en las fincas cafeteras (tanto las aguas residuales provenientes de la vivienda, como las aguas residuales provenientes del proceso de beneficio del café), de forma que los efluentes de los humedales puedan cumplir con los requerimientos de calidad exigidos en la normativa legal vigente.
How Do We Optimally Sample Model Grids of Exoplanet Spectra?
Authors: Fisher Chloe , Heng Kevin
Published: July 2022

The construction and implementation of atmospheric model grids is a popular tool in exoplanet characterization. These typically vary a number of parameters linearly, containing one model for every combination of parameter values. Here we investigate alternative methods of sampling parameters, including random sampling and Latin hypercube (LH) sampling, and how these compare to linearly sampled grids. We use a random forest to analyze the performance of these grids for two different models, as well as investigate the information content of the particular model grid from Goyal et al. (2019). We also use nested sampling to implement mock atmospheric retrievals on simulated James Webb Space Telescope transmission spectra by interpolating on linearly sampled model grids. Our results show that random or LH sampling outperforms linear sampling in parameter predictability for our higher-dimensional models, requiring fewer models in the grid, and thus allowing for more computationally intensive forward models to be used. We also found that using a traditional retrieval with interpolation on a linear grid can produce biased posterior distributions, especially for parameters with nonlinear effects on the spectrum. In particular, we advise caution when performing linear interpolation on the C/O ratio, cloud properties, and metallicity. Finally, we found that the information content analysis of the grid from Goyal et al. (2019) was able to highlight key areas of the spectra where the presence or absence of certain molecules can be detected, providing good indicators for parameters such as temperature and C/O ratio.
A Comprehensive Measurement of the Local Value of the Hubble Constant with 1 km s−1 Mpc−1 Uncertainty from the Hubble Space Telescope and the SH0ES Team
Authors: Riess Adam G. , Yuan Wenlong , Macri Lucas M. , Scolnic Dan , Brout Dillon , Casertano Stefano , Jones David O. , Murakami Yukei , Anand Gagandeep S. , Breuval Louise , Brink Thomas G. , Filippenko Alexei V. , Hoffmann Samantha , Jha Saurabh W. , D’arcy Kenworthy W. , Mackenty John , Stahl Benjamin E. , Zheng WeiKang
Published: July 2022

We report observations from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) of Cepheid variables in the host galaxies of 42 Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) used to calibrate the Hubble constant (H
0). These include the complete sample of all suitable SNe Ia discovered in the last four decades at redshift z ≤ 0.01, collected and calibrated from ≥1000 HST orbits, more than doubling the sample whose size limits the precision of the direct determination of H
0. The Cepheids are calibrated geometrically from Gaia EDR3 parallaxes, masers in NGC 4258 (here tripling that sample of Cepheids), and detached eclipsing binaries in the Large Magellanic Cloud. All Cepheids in these anchors and SN Ia hosts were measured with the same instrument (WFC3) and filters (F555W, F814W, F160W) to negate zero-point errors. We present multiple verifications of Cepheid photometry and six tests of background determinations that show Cepheid measurements are accurate in the presence of crowded backgrounds. The SNe Ia in these hosts calibrate the magnitude–redshift relation from the revised Pantheon+ compilation, accounting here for covariance between all SN data and with host properties and SN surveys matched throughout to negate systematics. We decrease the uncertainty in the local determination of H
0 to 1 km s−1 Mpc−1 including systematics. We present results for a comprehensive set of nearly 70 analysis variants to explore the sensitivity of H
0 to selections of anchors, SN surveys, redshift ranges, the treatment of Cepheid dust, metallicity, form of the period–luminosity relation, SN color, peculiar-velocity corrections, sample bifurcations, and simultaneous measurement of the expansion history. Our baseline result from the Cepheid–SN Ia sample is H
0 = 73.04 ± 1.04 km s−1 Mpc−1, which includes systematic uncertainties and lies near the median of all analysis variants. We demonstrate consistency with measures from HST of the TRGB between SN Ia hosts and NGC 4258, and include them simultaneously to yield 72.53 ± 0.99 km s−1 Mpc−1. The inclusion of high-redshift SNe Ia yields H
0 = 73.30 ± 1.04 km s−1 Mpc−1 and q
0 = −0.51 ± 0.024. We find a 5σ difference with the prediction of H
0 from Planck cosmic microwave background observations under ΛCDM, with no indication that the discrepancy arises from measurement uncertainties or analysis variations considered to date. The source of this now long-standing discrepancy between direct and cosmological routes to determining H
0 remains unknown.
Formation of Quiescent Prominence Magnetic Fields by Supergranulations
Authors: Liu Qingjun , Xia Chun
Published: July 2022

To understand the formation of quiescent solar prominences, the origin of their magnetic field structures, i.e., magnetic flux ropes (MFRs), must be revealed. We use three-dimensional magnetofriction simulations in a spherical subdomain to investigate the role of typical supergranular motions in the long-term formation of a prominence magnetic field. Time-dependent horizontal supergranular motions with and without the effect of Coriolis force are simulated on the solar surface via Voronoi tessellation. The vortical motions by the Coriolis effect at boundaries of supergranules inject magnetic helicity into the corona. The helicity is transferred and accumulated along the polarity inversion line (PIL) as a strongly sheared magnetic field via helicity condensation. The diverging motions of supergranules converge opposite magnetic polarities at the PIL and drive the magnetic reconnection between footpoints of the sheared magnetic arcades to form an MFR. The magnetic network, negative-helicity MFR in the northern hemisphere, and fragmented-to-continuous formation process of magnetic dip regions are in agreement with observations. Although diverging supergranulations, differential rotation, and meridional flows are included, the simulation without the Coriolis effect cannot produce an MFR or sheared arcades to host a prominence. Therefore, Coriolis force is a key factor for helicity injection and the formation of magnetic structures of quiescent solar prominences.
New data on Gnaphosidae (Arachnida, Araneae) of Iraq
Authors: Zamani Alireza , Al-Yacoub Ghassan A. Ali , Abdullah Najim Shurooq
Published: July 2022

New faunistic data are provided on the ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) of Iraq. Three genera (Haplodrassus Chamberlin, 1922; Minosiella Dalmas, 1921; Odontodrassus Jézéquel, 1965) and six species (Haplodrassus dalmatensis (L. Koch, 1866); Minosiella intermedia Denis, 1958; Odontodrassus aravaensis Levy, 1999; Odontodrassus mundulus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872); Pterotricha dalmasi Fage, 1929; Zelotes fagei Denis, 1955) are reported in Iraq for the first time, and the previously unknown female of Pterotricha kovblyuki Zamani & Marusik, 2018 is described. In addition, a list of all gnaphosids reported from Iraq (16 spp.) is provided.
A plot-based analysis of the vegetation of the Northern Territory, Australia: a first assessment within the International Vegetation Classification framework
Authors: Hunter John T. , Lewis Donna , Addicott Eda , Luxton Sarah , Cowie Ian , Sparrow Ben , Leitch Emrys
Published: July 2022

Aims: To develop an interim classification of the vegetation of the Northern Territory at the International Vegetation Classification (IVC) division (level 4) and macrogroup (level 5) levels. These types are produced to assist in the development of an integrated nationwide plot and floristically based classification of Australia allowing integration within a global perspective. Study Area: The Northern Territory of Australia covers an area of 1.42 million square kilometres, almost 20% of Australia’s land mass. It comprises three distinct climatic zones including tropical, subtropical and arid vegetation types. Methods: We used collated vegetation data held by two organisations: the Northern Territory Government, Department of Environment, Parks and Water Security and the Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (a total of 45,710 plots used). We applied semi-supervised quantitative classification methods to define vegetation types at the IVC division and macrogroup levels. Analyses used kR-CLUSTER methods on presence/absence data. Macrogroups were characterised by taxa with the highest frequency of occurrence across plots. Additional analyses were conducted (cluster) to elucidate interrelationships between macrogroups and to assist in the assessment of division level typology. Results: We propose 21 macrogroups and place these within higher thematic levels of the IVC. Conclusions: We found that the IVC hierarchy and associated standard procedures and protocols provide a useful classification tool for Australian ecosystems. The divisions and macrogroups provide a valid framework for subsequent analysis of Northern Territory vegetation types at the detailed levels of the IVC. A consistent typology for the Northern Territory (and hopefully in future, for all of Australia) has numerous benefits, in that they can be used for various applications using a well-structured, systematic and authoritative description and classification that is placed in a continental and global context, readily enabling the one system to be used in studies from the local to global level.

Taxonomic reference: Northern Territory Herbarium (2022).

Abbreviations: DVT = Definitive Vegetation Type; IVC = International Vegetation Classification; nMDS = non-metric multidimensional scaling; NT = Northern Territory; NTVSD = Northern Territory Vegetation Site Database; NVIS = National Vegetation Information System; WA = Western Australia.
Quels futurs pour l’utopie ?
Authors: Baschet Jérôme
Published: July 2022

L’autonomie zapatiste, qui se construit dans les territoires rebelles du Chiapas, peut être considérée comme l’une des utopies réelles les plus remarquables que l’on puisse observer aujourd’hui. On proposera ici une description sommaire de cette expérience et de certains de ses apports plus réflexifs, afin d’en tirer quelques enseignements pour une approche renouvelée de l’utopie, en lien avec l’émergence de régimes d’historicité inédits. Car si l’utopie se meurt sous la chape de plomb présentiste, elle doit aussi défaire ses liens avec les futurs désormais intenables de la modernité – ce qui ne laisse pas d’autre option que de traquer des modalités inédites du futur.
Marketing et communication politique
Authors: Dosquet Frédéric
Published: July 2022

Ce chapitre est dédié à la présentation des idéologies qui ont alimenté au cours de l’histoire, les débats théoriques et la pratique liés au pouvoir. Les idées et les concepts sont ici regroupés en quatre parties. La première est consacrée aux penseurs antiques grecs et romains qui ont constitué la genèse de cette discipline. Dans une deuxième partie qui en termes de période, s’échelonne du Moyen Âge à la fin du XVII e  siècle, les piliers de la pensée moderne sont en voie de gestation. L’avènement de la modernité constitue la troisième partie qui va du XVIII e  siècle au XX e  siècle ; elle s’organise autour des idées issues des Lumières et du combat entre libéralisme et socialisme. Enfin dans une quatrième partie, une prospective est dessinée avec les nouvelles tendances politiques comme l’écologie politique et le populisme. L’ensemble des idéologies du passé et du présent exposées dans ce chapitre permet de mieux apprécier les enjeux du futur des régimes démocratiques. Ceux-ci sont mis à mal, tiraillés par une défiance envers le système représentatif cumulé à un flux continu d’informations et de rumeurs alimenté par les nouvelles technologies et les réseaux sociaux. La présentation de ce chapitre est historique et non thématique. Cela permet au lecteur de mieux s’approprier les pensées des théoriciens qui ont compté dans l’évolution des idées politiques qui gouvernent notre monde.
Marketing et communication politique
Authors: Dosquet Frédéric
Published: July 2022

Ce chapitre présente les systèmes politiques au sens général de plusieurs pays démocratiques. Le choix de ces démocraties s’est fait sur un critère « objectif » qui est le classement donné par The Economist Group depuis 2006. Huit pays ont ainsi été sélectionnés pour leur intérêt et leur appartenance à la catégorie démocratique. Ces huit nations ont en commun un long passé et vécu de la démocratie et présentent également des similitudes en termes de complexité dans leur management démocratique. La France n’a pas été retenue dans cette présentation, non qu’elle ne puisse s’abstenir des remarques précédentes, mais partant du principe que le lecteur avait déjà suffisamment de connaissance en la matière. Pour chacun des pays, trois éléments sont présentés : 1) les institutions, 2) le système électoral et, 3) le système partisan.
Marketing et communication politique
Authors: Castéran Herbert
Published: July 2022

La fiabilité des sondages et les motivations des sondeurs sont un objet de débat quasiment aussi important que leurs résultats. Leur histoire, notamment les « votes de paille » fort peu scientifiques des États-Unis du XIX e  siècle et la relative concentration du secteur en France expliquent, pour part, ces soupçons récurrents. Plus que mesurer l’opinion, les sondages politiques sont suspectés de la façonner, ce qui renforce encore la sensibilité à leur égard. Le législateur a donc encadré en France leur pratique même si, dans les faits, les objectifs annoncés sont loin d’avoir été atteints. De manière plus fondamentale, les sondages politiques sont remis en cause dans leur objet d’étude, l’opinion publique. L’existence même d’une opinion conscientisée est attaquée et son étude par conséquent serait frappée d’un vice ontologique : au mieux on ne mesure rien, au pire on fabrique. Le sondage politique se présente originellement comme un outil destiné à se faire une idée aussi juste que possible de l’état de l’opinion et de ses représentations. Pour ce faire, il s’appuie sur un ensemble de techniques. Parler des sondages, c’est d’abord parler d’un objet technique. Le chapitre développe les deux modes d’interrogation de l’opinion, l’approche qualitative et l’approche quantitative. Cette dernière, la plus familière aux yeux du public, fait l’objet d’une attention particulière, notamment en termes de sélection des répondants et du mode de questionnement. L’impact des sondages sur les votes n’a jamais été validé. À l’inverse, un lien entre résultats de sondage et résultats réels des consultations a pu être établi de manière économétrique. Il semble donc qu’une certaine permanence de l’opinion existe sans altération manifeste de celle-ci par les sondages, rendant à ceux-ci leur vocation d’instrument de mesure. Enfin, l’étude des marges d’erreur montre que nombre de polémiques autour des sondages pourrait être évité par leur simple calcul. La réticence des instituts de sondage à leur publication interroge donc.
« Bâtir l’hôpital de demain relève moins d’une question de rémunération que de management et de sens » : interview de Gaétan Casanova, Président de l’Inter-syndicale nationale des internes
Authors: Casanova Gaétan , Pierronnet Romain
Published: July 2022

Déjà d’ordinaire chevilles ouvrières des hôpitaux français, les internes ont largement été mobilisés pour faire face à la crise sanitaire de la Covid-19. Parce qu’à la fois encore en formation mais déjà jeunes médecins, leur regard sur les transformations du système de soin en général, des hôpitaux en particulier, présente ainsi un intérêt singulier. Nous proposons ici, sous forme d’interview du Président de la fédération syndicale française des internes, de rendre compte des préoccupations de ces derniers, dont certaines sont certes contextuelles mais dont la plupart renvoie en réalité à des enjeux plus structurels et systémiques, que la recherche en management peut contribuer à traiter.
L’esprit collectif entre philosophie scientifique et sociologie : Brunschvicg contra Durkheim
Authors: Terzi Pietro
Published: July 2022

Dans l’étude des relations entre la philosophie et la sociologie naissante en France, un chapitre demeure inexploré : l’interprétation des sciences sociales par Léon Brunschvicg. S’il apprécie la valeur de la recherche ethnologique de Lévy-Bruhl, sa critique de Durkheim est sévère. Il identifie deux problèmes dans le projet durkheimien, étroitement liés : avoir cherché l’origine de la connaissance dans des formes « primitives » de savoir ; avoir soumis l’autonomie du jugement au primat du social. L’idéalisme critique de Brunschvicg cherche alors à opposer aux représentations collectives de Durkheim un autre modèle d’esprit collectif, incarné dans les avancées de la science et dans le progrès de la philosophie scientifique.
L’idée de « voir comme » de la poésie à la traduction un parcours ricœurien
Authors: Colleoni Alessandro
Published: July 2022

Le concept wittgensteinien de « voir comme » joue un rôle important dans plusieurs analyses de Paul Ricœur consacrées à la littérature et à la dimension sociale de l’action humaine. Un parcours à travers ces analyses met en évidence à la fois continuités et ruptures entre les différents usages de ce concept proposés par Ricœur. On montre alors la fécondité du concept en l’appliquant à un autre contexte, celui de la traduction. Les courts articles rassemblés sous le titre Sur la traduction (2004) invitent à une investigation plus approfondie de ce thème.
Role of gastrointestinal microbial populations, a terra incognita of the human body in the management of intestinal bowel disease and metabolic disorders
Authors: Bucheli J.E. Vazquez , Todorov S.D. , Holzapfel W.H.
Published: July 2022

Intestinal bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic immune-mediated clinical condition that affects the gastrointestinal tract and is mediated by an inflammatory response. Although it has been extensively studied, the multifactorial aetiology of this disorder makes it difficult to fully understand all the involved mechanisms in its development and therefore its treatment. In recent years, the fundamental role played by the human microbiota in the pathogenesis of IBD has been emphasised. Microbial imbalances in the gut bacterial communities and a lower species diversity in patients suffering from inflammatory gastrointestinal disorders compared to healthy individuals have been reported as principal factors in the development of IBD. These served to support scientific arguments for the use of probiotic microorganisms in alternative approaches for the prevention and treatment of IBD. In a homeostatic environment, the presence of bacteria (including probiotics) on the intestinal epithelial surface activates a cascade of processes by which immune responses inhibited and thereby commensal organisms maintained. At the same time these processes may support activities against specific pathogenic bacteria. In dysbiosis, these underlying mechanisms will serve to provoke a proinflammatory response, that, in combination with the use of antibiotics and the genetic predisposition of the host, will culminate in the development of IBD. In this review, we summarised the main causes of IBD, the physiological mechanisms involved and the related bacterial groups most frequently associated with these processes. The intention was to enable a better understanding of the interaction between the intestinal microbiota and the host, and to suggest possibilities by which this knowledge can be useful for the development of new therapeutic treatments.
An integrated decision making model for dynamic pricing and inventory control of substitutable products based on demand learning
Authors: Ye Peiyu , Wang Shuwen , Xu Xuemin , Jiang Aiping
Published: July 2022

Purpose: This paper focuses on the PC industry, analyzing a PC supply chain system composed of one large retailer and two manufacturers. The retailer informs the suppliers of the total order quantity, namely Q, based on demand forecast ahead of the selling season. The suppliers manufacture products according to the predicted quantity. When the actual demand has been observed, the retailer conducts demand learning and determines the actual order quantity. Under the assumption that the products of the two suppliers are one-way substitutable, an integrated decision-making model for dynamic pricing and inventory control is established.Design/methodology/approach: This paper proposes a mathematical model where a large domestic household appliance retailer decides the optimal original ordering quantity before the selling season and the optimal actual ordering quantity, and two manufacturers decide the optimal wholesale price.Findings: By applying this model to a large domestic household appliance retail terminal, the authors can conclude that the model is quite feasible and effective. Meanwhile, the results of simulation analysis show that when the product prices of two manufacturers both reduce gradually, one manufacturer will often wait till the other manufacturer reduces their price to a crucial inflection point, then their profit will show a qualitative change instead of a real-time profit-price change.Practical implications: This model can be adopted to a supply chain system composed of one large retailer and two manufacturers, helping manufacturers better make a pricing and inventory control decision.Originality/value: Previous research focuses on the ordering quantity directly be decided. Limited work has considered the actual ordering quantity based on demand learning. However, this paper considers both the optimal original ordering quantity before the selling season and the optimal actual ordering quantity from the perspective of the retailer.
Teamwork competency scale (TCS) from the individual perspective in university students
Authors: Hebles Melany , Yániz-Álvarez -de-Eulate Concepción , Alonso-Dos-Santos Manuel
Published: July 2022

The main purpose of this study was to design and validate a scale to evaluate the development of teamwork competence of undergraduate students (TCS, teamwork competence scale). The research instrument used for validation and design has nine specific dimensions: Collective efficacy, learning orientation, establishing group goals, planning and coordination, communication, conflict management, problem solving, performance monitoring and back-up behavior. The sample consisted of a total of 802 freshmen of a Chilean university. For the statistical analysis, the method of partial least squares (PLS) was approached within a structural equation modeling (SEM). Results show that the TCS is a valid and reliable research instrument to assess the level of development of teamwork competence in undergraduate students.
Prediction of postoperative recovery in patients with acoustic neuroma using machine learning and SMOTE-ENN techniques
Authors: Wang Jianing
Published: July 2022

Acoustic neuroma is a common benign tumor that is frequently associated with postoperative complications such as facial nerve dysfunction, which greatly affects the physical and mental health of patients. In this paper, clinical data of patients with acoustic neuroma treated with microsurgery by the same operator at Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from June 2018 to March 2020 are used as the study object. Machine learning and SMOTE-ENN techniques are used to accurately predict postoperative facial nerve function recovery, thus filling a gap in auxiliary diagnosis within the field of facial nerve treatment in acoustic neuroma. First, raw clinical data are processed and dependent variables are identified based on clinical context and data characteristics. Secondly, data balancing is corrected using the SMOTE-ENN technique. Finally, XGBoost is selected to construct a prediction model for patients' postoperative recovery, and is also compared with a total of four machine learning models, LR, SVM, CART, and RF. We find that XGBoost can most accurately predict the postoperative facial nerve function recovery, with a prediction accuracy of 90.0$ \% $ and an AUC value of 0.90. CART, RF, and XGBoost can further select the more important preoperative indicators and provide therapeutic assistance to physicians, thereby improving the patient's postoperative recovery. The results show that machine learning and SMOTE-ENN techniques can handle complex clinical data and achieve accurate predictions.
Compactness property of the linearized Boltzmann operator for a diatomic single gas model
Authors: Brull Stéphane , Shahine Marwa , Thieullen Philippe
Published: July 2022

In the following work, we consider the Boltzmann equation that models a diatomic gas by representing the microscopic internal energy by a continuous variable I. Under some convenient assumptions on the collision cross-section \begin{document}$ \mathcal{B} $\end{document}, we prove that the linearized Boltzmann operator \begin{document}$ \mathcal{L} $\end{document} of this model is a Fredholm operator. For this, we write \begin{document}$ \mathcal{L} $\end{document} as a perturbation of the collision frequency multiplication operator, and we prove that the perturbation operator \begin{document}$ \mathcal{K} $\end{document} is compact. The result is established after inspecting the kernel form of \begin{document}$ \mathcal{K} $\end{document} and proving it to be \begin{document}$ L^2 $\end{document} integrable over its domain using elementary arguments.This implies that \begin{document}$ \mathcal{K} $\end{document} is a Hilbert-Schmidt operator.
Opportunities, Challenges, and Digital Inclusion in Marginalized Societies
Authors: Chawarura Wilfreda Indira , Mawere Rukudzo Alyson
Published: July 2022

The developments in digital technology and information communication technology (ICT) have increased over the past 20 years and improved livelihoods, especially in developed countries with 97% access level to the internet and digital technology. However, those in African countries have had challenges accessing the internet, and the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated the situation. The remote areas in Zimbabwe have not been spared as they experience challenges in the adoption of digital technology. Globally people are increasingly using information and communication technology (ICT) as a way of life to communicate, study, and access healthcare and entertainment, amongst other things. Investigating the causes of digital exclusion in general and also in the context of social exclusion in Zimbabwe is pertinent. This chapter seeks to fill a gap in the existing literature by exploring the opportunities and challenges that digital inclusion and exclusion bring to the marginalized societies in Zimbabwe.
A Strategy for the Digitalization of Marginalized Communities
Authors: Furusa Samuel Simbarashe , Musungwini Samuel , Gavai Petros Venganayi , Maseko Melody
Published: July 2022

The chapter explores the concept of digitalization and digital technology and its importance. The research is based on a systematic literature review, which analyzed articles on digitalization and digital technologies. However, primacy was given to articles on the digitalization of organizations in a marginalized context. The chapter identified the critical success factors and formulation of a digitalization strategy formulation for the transformation of marginalized communities in Zimbabwe. Therefore, the authors highlight the need to explore human-centered digital transformation capabilities and dynamic capabilities in developing countries. The chapter then formulated a strategy for the digitalization of marginalized communities in a developing context.
Cultivating Teacher Resilience in Pre-Service Education Programs
Authors: Thompson Lauren Snider
Published: July 2022

The process of teaching students is incredibly difficult. Oftentimes, the adversities of the profession sway highly effective teachers into social and emotional deficits and eventually lead to burnout. Educators who are taught, practice, and implement preventative and proactive culturally responsive resilience practices at the onset of their careers are more likely to positively adapt and endure the adversities associated with the profession. As a result, the logical home of this instruction lies within pre-service teaching programs. Teacher turnover and burnout leads to a decrease in teacher effectiveness, a decrease in student academic achievement, as well as student motivation. Culturally responsive resilience education within teacher education programs may allow educators to build foundational practices and pedagogies based on the science of human flourishing.
Culturally Relevant Pedagogy Analysis of Cultural Dispositions in Teacher Education
Authors: Gathers Dana A. , Fields Christina Wright
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this chapter is to contextualize cultural dispositions as an integral component in the development of teacher candidates' professional dispositions. Through a culturally relevant pedagogical (CRP) lens, the chapter defines cultural dispositions using the CRP tenets: academic success, cultural competence, and critical consciousness in the field of teacher education. The authors, two Black women teacher educators, argue that developing and supporting teacher candidates' cultural dispositions should be integrated into teacher education programs. The authors center the lived experiences as Black women educators to offer insight and perspectives on the value of developing teacher candidates' cultural dispositions. Other teacher educators can use the teacher cultural dispositions to inform their pedagogical and instructional practices.
A New Genre of Educators
Authors: Bell Morgan Amanda , Talbert Sandra
Published: July 2022

Next-career professionals are a subcategory of alternative certification candidates that bring unique past professional experiences into the classroom. Though little is known currently about next-career professionals, scholarship does exist on alternative certification programs and the teachers who matriculate through them. This chapter engages the research to illustrate not only the key differences between traditionally and alternatively trained teachers, but also to highlight the important past-professional experiences next-career professionals bring with them to the classroom that help them connect student learning to the real world.
Reimagining, Developing, and Monitoring Professional Dispositions in Educator Preparation Programs
Authors: McClain Nathaniel B. , Waldron Chad H.
Published: July 2022

Preparing effective educators spans a continuum from initial preparation of early childhood to K-12th grades as well as beyond to the advanced preparation of education leaders across specialized licensure areas. This preparation requires the cultivation of strong content knowledge, deep pedagogical skills, and the ability to display professional dispositions. The field of educational research has lagged behind in producing research around measuring educator professional dispositions. This chapter focuses on one public university's journey in reimagining, developing, and monitoring professional dispositions within a cadre of educator preparation programs. It includes descriptions of assessment development, administration, training experiences for candidates, findings from assessment data collected over multiple cycles of data collection, and lessons learned within and across programs. This chapter concludes by sharing recommendations for other educator preparation programs that may aid in nurturing educator professional dispositions.
Unpacking Teacher Dispositions
Authors: Eades-Baird Michelle R. , Wagle A. Tina
Published: July 2022

The accreditation process can provide an indispensable opportunity for teacher preparation programs to reflect, examine, and upgrade their assessment practices, including how they evaluate candidates' teaching dispositions. In this chapter, the authors share a teacher preparation program's step-by-step process to create a teacher disposition assessment and protocol that advances their program's goals while meeting their new accreditor's standards. Through careful review of the body of literature, Rasch analysis of their existing instrument, and their instrument protocol, the program was able to develop and validate a new, six-item teacher disposition instrument that evaluates their teacher candidates' commitment to socially just teaching, reflective practice, professional communication, enthusiasm for teaching, and respectful personal interactions.
Fundamentals of Opinion Mining
Authors: Seth Ashish , Seth Kirti
Published: July 2022

Mining techniques in computer science have been evolving for the last two decades. Opinion mining is the latest buzzword in this evolution and goes to a deeper level to understand the drive behind people's behavior. Due to the richness of social media opinions, emotions, and sentiments, opinion mining examines that how people feel about a given situation, be it positive or negative. This chapter primarily focuses on explaining the fundamentals of opinion mining along with sentiment analysis. It covers the brief evolution in mining techniques in the last decade. The chapter elaborates on the significance of opinion mining in today's scenario and its features. It also includes a section to discuss the applications, challenges and research scope in opinion mining.
Rule-Based Polarity Aggregation Using Rhetorical Structures for Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Sanglerdsinlapachai Nuttapong , Plangprasopchok Anon , Ho Tu Bao , Nantajeewarawat Ekawit
Published: July 2022

The segments of a document that are relevant to a given aspect can be identified by using discourse relations of the rhetorical structure theory (RST). Different segments may contribute to the overall sentiment differently, and the sentiment of one segment may affect the contribution of another segment. This work exploits the RST structures of relevant segments to infer the sentiment of a given aspect. An input document is first parsed into an RST tree. For each aspect, relevant segments with their relations in the resulting tree are localized and transformed into a set of features. A set of classification rules is subsequently induced and evaluated on data. The proposed framework performs well in several experimental settings, with the accuracy values ranging from 74.0% to 77.1% being achieved. With proper strategies for removing conflicting rules and tuning the confidence threshold, f-measure values for the negative polarity class can be improved.
Sentiment Analysis of Tweets Using Naïve Bayes, KNN, and Decision Tree
Authors: Zerrouki Kadda , Hamou Reda Mohamed , Rahmoun Abdellatif
Published: July 2022

Making use of social media for analyzing the perceptions of the masses over a product, event, or a person has gained momentum in recent times. Out of a wide array of social networks, the authors chose Twitter for their analysis as the opinions expressed there are concise and bear a distinctive polarity. Sentiment analysis is an approach to analyze data and retrieve sentiment that it embodies. The paper elaborately discusses three supervised machine learning algorithms—naïve bayes, k-nearest neighbor (KNN), and decision tree—and compares their overall accuracy, precision, as well as recall values, f-measure, number of tweets correctly classified, number of tweets incorrectly classified, and execution time.
Sentiment Analysis Using Machine Learning Algorithms and Text Mining to Detect Symptoms of Mental Difficulties Over Social Media
Authors: Bouarara Hadj Ahmed
Published: July 2022

A recent British study of people between the ages of 14 and 35 has shown that social media has a negative impact on mental health. The purpose of the paper is to detect people with mental disorders' behavior in social media in order to help Twitter users in overcoming their mental health problems such as anxiety, phobia, depression, paranoia, etc. For this, the author used text mining and machine learning algorithms (naïve Bayes, k-nearest neighbours) to analyse tweets. The obtained results were validated using different evaluation measures such as f-measure, recall, precision, entropy, etc.