bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Time to Kill: Third World Assassinations and the Anxiety of Domination
Authors: Sajed Alina
Published: July 2024

The decades between 1960s and 1980s were punctuated by intense anti-colonial and anti-imperialist struggles, the rise of Third World internationalism (both in terms of formal and informal connections), the articulation of viable economic alternatives to those imposed by the West, but also a massive wave of counterrevolution with bloody coups, assassinations, and interventions. Symbolically, the long 1960s started with Patrice Lumumba's assassination and ended in 1980 with Walter Rodney's assassination, and the defeat of the NIEO (New International Economic Order). While numerous analyses have engaged with these assassinations as historical events, this article seeks to provide a theoretical engagement with the phenomenon of Third World assassinations. The author's engagement with this phenomenon aims to broaden the idea, put forth by Quynh Pham and Himadeep Muppidi, of the “anxiety of domination.” Drawing on Edward Said, James Baldwin, and Eqbal Ahmad, the article seeks to situate theoretically Third World assassinations within a larger paradigm of colonial/imperial anxiety: these acts of annihilation happened not simply because these individuals were on the opposite ideological divide but because their political vision exceeded the grasp of domination and intelligibility of imperial/colonial power and challenged in fundamental ways the imperially sanctioned “epistemic conformity.”
Assessment of adult cognitive abilities in Greece: A differential item functioning study of the General Ability Measure for Adults (GAMA)
Authors: Rempe Gary , Bardos Achilles N. , Bablekou Zoe , Simos Panagiotis , Doropoulou Maria
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the generalizability and possible adaptation for use of a non-verbal measure of intelligence developed in the United States, the General Ability Measure for Adults (GAMA; Naglieri & Bardos, 1997) in Greece. As a validity evidence the study examined the differential item function of its questions in order to explore potential item bias utilizing the disproportionate group probabilities of participants’ correctly endorsing test items. The analysis was performed using a logistic regression procedure with samples from the United States (n = 2,369) and Greece (n = 1,273). The findings indicate a small (<1%) number of items that work differentially between these two cultural groups. Implications for the development and weighting of cross-cultural intelligence assessment tests using non-verbal measures are discussed.
Households with children under 5 years and older adults, and probability of expenditure on Comsumption of Food Away from Home (CFAFH) in Peru in 2021: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Lozada-Urbano Michelle , Alvarez-Risco Aldo , Flores-Montero Amalia , Corzo-Ponte Juana , Huamán Franklin , Aguirre-Sosa Joaquin , Benavente Ayquipa Rosa Maria , Rivera-Lozada Oriana , Yáñez Jaime A.
Published: July 2024

For the Consumption of food away from home CFAFH study, it is necessary to analyze the economic variable of families and the way it is distributed, since it allows a broader perspective of what a household invests in food consumption and how it is associated with health. The aim of this research was to determine the probability of expenditure on households that consume food away from home, with the presence of children under five years (Ch<5y) and households with the presence of older adults (HOA). A cross-sectional, descriptive, and quantitative study was carried out based on the grouping and analysis of data obtained from the Peruvian National Household Survey (ENAHO) 2021 database. After joining the database, the household type variables were created. Households with and without children under five years, and households with and without older adults were selected, as well as other variables such as the area of origin, gender of the head of the household, ethnicity, education level, marital status, age of the head of the household, occupation of the head of the household, and poverty. The results show that households with children under 5 spend 56.35 USDollars per month. While households with older adults spend 34.72 USDollars per month. The variables that allow for a higher probability of FAFH purchase in both groups studied (households with children and older adults): belonging to the rural area (p=0.000; p=0.000), being of Aymara ethnicity (p=0. 000; p=0.000), being of African descent (p=0.000; p=0.011), Having a dependent job (p=0.035; p=0.000), the non-extremely poor (p=0.000; p=0.009), and the non-poor (p=0.000; p=0.000). These results warrant that it is necessary to generate awareness in the population about the food that is sold and consumed away from home for an appropriate selection of healthy options.
A comprehensive review on epigenetic and epitranscriptomic-mediated regulation of antibiotic resistance
Authors: Giri Pankaj Kumar , Alam Shahil , Dhakal Madhav
Published: July 2024

Antibiotic resistance is the leading cause of death globally, with a higher possibility of the emergence of highly resistant pathogens, leading to epidemics. Several antibiotic resistance mechanisms have been discovered, such as enhanced efflux of antibiotics, reduced influx of antibiotics, alteration of antibiotics or their targets, and adaptation to antibiotics. However, this mechanism cannot fully explain the development of antibiotic resistance because the genes associated with this mechanism have been elucidated. However, the factors governing their regulation are not yet fully understood. Recent studies have highlighted the epigenetic and epitranscriptomic roles of antibiotic resistance development-associated genes. Epigenetic modification is associated with DNA modification, whereas epitranscriptomic modification is associated with RNA modification to control gene expression by regulating various biological phenomena such as splicing, translation, and stability. Therefore, this review will focus on the discovery of epigenetic modifications, particularly by DNA methyltransferases, such as restriction-modification (R-M) systems associated with methyltransferases, orphan DNA methyltransferases, and nucleoid-associated proteins that contribute to the development of antibiotic resistance. This scrutinization further expands to epitranscriptomic modification of non-coding RNA, which has a role in the regulation of antibiotic resistance. Epitranscriptomic modification of ribosomal RNA (rRNA), which is a major target of antibiotics, has been well explored. while non-coding RNA such as cis and trans small non coding RNA, and riboswitches are poorly explored. This epigenetic and epitranscriptomic modification will help to understand the regulation of antibiotic resistance-associated genes, which will help to identify key regulators of antibiotic resistance, paving the way for new antibiotic discovery, leading to decreased antibiotic mortality globally.
Contract award criteria in public procurement procedures – The possibility of improving the situation of society from the perspective of the European Union and Poland
Authors: Brzeziński Mateusz
Published: July 2024

Background Public tenders are vital for a country’s GDP and citizens’ quality of life, enabling public administration to achieve various goals. Developing and developed countries allocate over 10% of their GDP to public procurement. This highlights the significant societal support public tenders can provide, making it important to consider how they can further benefit society. Policy and implications Public procurement can achieve policy objectives and benefit society by selecting tenders based on criteria beyond price, such as economic advantage and social benefits. This approach, endorsed by EU directives since 2014, encourages innovation and socially responsible practices. Contracting authorities in the EU can use social, environmental, and qualitative criteria to determine the most advantageous offers. Poland’s Public Procurement Law (PPL) allows contract award criteria based on quality and price, including social aspects. Contracting authorities can specify criteria like employing marginalized groups, though these criteria often face scrutiny and legal challenges. Non-price criteria aim to enhance competition and achieve social, environmental, and economic goals. Recommendations EU and Polish laws permit and encourage using social aspects as contract award criteria in public procurement. However, contracting authorities must analyze priorities, risk balancing, time constraints, and departmental coordination to effectively implement these criteria. This approach can improve the social situation and support specific groups. Conclusions Public procurement significantly influences a country’s economy and quality of life, with EU and Polish laws allowing social criteria in contract awards. Directive 2014/24/EU supports tenders based on economic and social benefits. Poland’s PPL aligns with this, emphasizing marginalized group employment. Effective implementation fosters job creation, social integration, and improved living standards.
PHILOSOPHICAL FEATURES OF THE CHINESE MUSICAL TRADITION. GENERAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Yongxu Liu
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to the consideration of an interesting topic, the influence of philosophy on the formation of ritual Chinese music, which is taken as the basis for the formation of a unified state culture that creates "correct ethical" views in society.
Modern ritualism actively studies all the factors and conditions of the formation, conduct and influence of ritual on society, based on a large volume of heterogeneous material. The researchers identified the principles of ritual formation as a social sacred act, taken as the basis of social practice, where language, poetry, music, power, productive activity, and court are built on the basis of ritual. The ritual allows you to rank society by strata, systematizing it, defining each of its place and types of occupation in accordance with the sacred heritage. This aspect was implemented in the ritual tradition of the Chinese Empire, where the ritual itself corresponded to the creation of the empire from the original chaos. The complexity of the ritual required the formation of a mechanism for the harmonization of the sacred-ritual factor through music, songs and dances, which was realized in Chinese culture through the creation of ritual music, which was included as a necessary element in the system of ritual (sacred) and the structure of society (profane) combining them.
The ritual musical tradition arose and developed on the basis of a deep philosophical analysis of the experience of the formation of music and songs of the states of ancient China, conducted by Kung-tzu and his followers. As a result, we have practical experience of centuries-old state development, a powerful cultural system, and an ethnic group capable of development under the leadership of the state.
At the same time, ritual music developed based on the integration of the traditional cultural achievements of the Han people and neighboring ethnic groups. The ethical principles embedded in culture by Confucian philosophy made it possible to develop music through the synergy of musical traditions of different peoples. Based on philosophy, the musical structure, lyrics, dance movements were selected and the composition of the participants was determined.
PERCEPTIONS OF TUVAN STUDENTS ABOUT THE RELEVANCE OF THE TUVAN LANGUAGE IN THE MEDIA SPACE
Authors: Mongush Dolaana Sh.
Published: July 2024

Purpose. The article examines the relevance of the Tuvan language in the media space from the point of view of Tuvan students today in order to determine the language preferences of Tuvan students in everyday communication; identify the language preferences of Tuvan students in the media space; assess the degree of awareness and interest of the studied regarding sources in the Tuvan language in the media space; clarify their position on the popularization of the Tuvan language in the media space. the media space. Different formulations of the concept of "media space" are considered.
Method and methodology of study. The research is based on such methods as observation, content analysis of sources in the media space, a sociological method such as an online survey, as well as an analysis of the results obtained.
Results. The results of a survey among Tuvan students are presented. It was found out that most of the studied group thinks and communicates in the Tuvan language, but there are also critically small proportions of those who do not use the Tuvan language at all. It was found out that the mixed use of both Russian and Tuvan languages prevails in the communication process. This is due to the Tuvan-Russian bilingualism rooted in the region. Today, Tuvan students are putting forward certain proposals to popularize the Tuvan language in the media space: advertising in Tuvan, entertainment content in Tuvan, video tutorials in Tuvan about the Motherland, development of mobile applications in Tuvan, and others. In general, the content in the Tuvan language in the media space is of interest to the majority of Tuvan students.
CONFLICT OF REALITY AND FANTASTIC FICTION IN THE STORY OF ALEXEY N. TOLSTOY “COUNT CALIOSTRO”
Authors: Kiryukhina Elena M.
Published: July 2024

The article examines the story “Count Cagliostro” by Alexei Nikolaevich Tolstoy, completed during the emigration period: based on a real historical fact (the visit to Russia in 1779-1780 of the Italian adventurer Giuseppe Balsamo, who called himself Count Cagliostro), it combines reality with fantastic fiction, and turning to works using a fantastic element is very relevant today. At first glance, the complex vicissitudes of life should have determined the preference of fantasy over reality, but in “Count Cagliostro” fantastic fiction enters into a conflicting relationship with the world of reality, proof of this thesis becomes the purpose of the article. Using problematic, comparative-contrastive, cultural-historical, chronological, and biographical methods, the author solves the goal by comparing “Count Cagliostro” with the story written at the same time – A.N. Tolstoy’s “Nikita’s Childhood” and the previously created poem by A.K. Tolstoy – “Portrait”, a simultaneous comparison of these works has not been previously made and represents the scientific novelty of the presented article. The author comes to the conclusion that in difficult times of moral searches A.N. Tolstoy does not want to hide from life’s problems in the world of a fantasy universe; the conflict between reality and fantastic fiction is resolved in favor of the triumph of real earthly love. This ability to prefer harsh reality to fairy-tale fiction will affect both the subsequent work and the life path of A.N. Tolstoy.
Cruel Substances
Authors: Kędzia-Warych Ilona
Published: July 2024

In the paper, I examine the concept of “cruelty” (kaṭumai) of physical substances in the Tamil siddha alchemical literature, by taking as the starting point an analysis of the selected texts ascribed to Siddhar Yākōpu alias Rāmatēvar (ca. 17th–18th c.), a prominent author of the Tamil siddha alchemical tradition. The alchemical works of Yākōpu repeatedly describe certain alchemical operations, the names of which allude to acts of violence, such as “binding” (kaṭṭutal) and “killing” (kollutal). Such operations, according to the texts, should be mastered and performed by alchemists on various material substances. In the paper, I analyze passages that shed light on the purpose and character of such operations in the alchemical tradition of the Siddhars. I also address the issue of the non-human material agency related to the perspective of material ecocriticism as presented in the Tamil siddha texts.
The Goddess on the Lion
Authors: Policardi Chiara
Published: July 2024

This paper focuses on the genesis of the association between the Indian warrior goddess and the lion. As is well-known, this is a goddess with a multifaceted identity, who evokes both imperial grandeur and village cultic practices. This figure cannot be identified as Mahiṣāsuramardinī or Durgā in any Pre-Kuṣāṇa and Kuṣāṇa text or inscription. A considerable influence on her burgeoning representation was probably exercised by Nanā, a Hellenistic goddess, who takes on characteristics of the Mesopotamian Inanna-Ištar, typically associated with lions. Significantly, in the early centuries CE, this feline was still a widespread species on the Subcontinent and had already become identified as the fiercest wild predator, informing the long-lasting lion-warrior imagery. While the background and the rise of Durgā have been the object of several studies, relatively little attention has been paid to her symbolic association with the lion as a key perspective that may contribute to providing a deeper understanding of both the shaping and the significance of this divine figure. By analysing some of the most significant of the earliest iconographic and textual representations, this paper is an initial attempt to employ the feline attribute as a prism to trace the earliest phase in the historical process of the development of the goddess. It may provide insights regarding both the degree of entanglement between local cults and early Hinduism, and the interrelation between the representation of this warrior goddess and kingship ideology in Kuṣāṇa and early Gupta India.
Utilising deep learning networks to classify ZEB2 expression images in cervical cancer
Authors: Zheng Chenyang , Shen Qinqin , Zhao Lingjun , Wang Yijun
Published: July 2024

Aims/Background Cervical cancer continues to be a significant cause of cancer-related deaths among women, especially in low-resource settings where screening and follow-up care are lacking. The transcription factor zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2) has been identified as a potential marker for tumour aggressiveness and cancer progression in cervical cancer tissues.

Methods This study presents a hybrid deep learning system developed to classify cervical cancer images based on ZEB2 expression. The system integrates multiple convolutional neural network models—EfficientNet, DenseNet, and InceptionNet—using ensemble voting. We utilised the gradient-weighted class activation mapping (Grad-CAM) visualisation technique to improve the interpretability of the decisions made by the convolutional neural networks. The dataset consisted of 649 annotated images, which were divided into training, validation, and testing sets.

Results The hybrid model exhibited a high classification accuracy of 94.4% on the test set. The Grad-CAM visualisations offered insights into the model's decision-making process, emphasising the image regions crucial for classifying ZEB2 expression levels.

Conclusion The proposed hybrid deep learning model presents an effective and interpretable method for the classification of cervical cancer based on ZEB2 expression. This approach holds the potential to substantially aid in early diagnosis, thereby potentially enhancing patient outcomes and mitigating healthcare costs. Future endeavours will concentrate on enhancing the model's accuracy and investigating its applicability to other cancer types.
The current state of Japan's nursing and advanced practice nursing education system
Authors: Nakamura Misuzu
Published: July 2024

Misuzu Nakamura details the developmental history of advanced practice nursing in Japan, in relation to domestic demands and international progress. This article explores the qualifications required for a career as a clinical nurse specialist and nurse practitioner, as well as the divergence between curriculums and required duties
Flaubert's Love Topoi: The Aesthetics of Prostitution
Authors: Meiner Carsten
Published: July 2024

Abstract: The article shows how Flaubert dismantles the notion of romantic love in L'Education sentimentale through a double use of traditional love topoi. Flaubert stages a number of literary scenes where romantic love usually is at large, scenes where authentic or spontaneous feelings of love historically have thrived. At the same time, he inserts unconventional elements into these scenes. In that way Flaubert not only disassembles the notion of romantic love but he also signals how post-romantic love can be reactivated through the idea of prostitution. The article then analyzes what consequences such a substitution has for the very notion of topos. It is argued that Flaubert's reworking of topoi can be theorized by way of a new, not rhetorical, but aesthetic idea of literary topology. The article identifies how Flaubert invents non-typical topoi, which rely on aesthetic meaning and not rhetorical verisimilitude.
Semi-automatic line-system provisioning with an integrated physical-parameter-aware methodology: field verification and operational feasibility
Authors: Nishizawa Hideki , Borraccini Giacomo , Sasai Takeo , Huang Yue-Kai , Mano Toru , Anazawa Kazuya , Namiki Masatoshi , Usui Soichiroh , Matsumura Tatsuya , Sone Yoshiaki , Wang Zehao , Okamoto Seiji , Inoue Takeru , Ip Ezra , D’Amico Andrea , Chen Tingjun , Curri Vittorio , Wang Ting , Asahi Koji , Takasugi Koichi
Published: July 2024

We propose methods and an architecture to conduct measurements and optimize newly installed optical fiber line systems semi-automatically using integrated physics-aware technologies in a data center interconnection (DCI) transmission scenario. We demonstrate, for the first time to our knowledge, digital longitudinal monitoring (DLM) and optical line system (OLS) physical parameter calibration working together in real-time to extract physical link parameters for fast optical fiber line systems provisioning. Our methodology has the following advantages over traditional design: a minimized footprint at user sites, accurate estimation of the necessary optical network characteristics via complementary telemetry technologies, and the capability to conduct all operation work remotely. The last feature is crucial, as it enables remote operation to implement network design settings for immediate response to quality of transmission (QoT) degradation and reversion in the case of unforeseen problems. We successfully performed semi-automatic line system provisioning over field fiber network facilities at Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. The tasks of parameter retrieval, equipment setting optimization, and system setup/provisioning were completed within 1 h. The field operation was supervised by on-duty personnel who could access the system remotely from different time zones. By comparing Q-factor estimates calculated from the extracted link parameters with measured results from 400G transceivers, we confirmed that our methodology has a reduction in the QoT prediction errors ( ±0.3dB ) over existing designs ( ±0.6dB ).
Green laser inter-satellite link planning in satellite optical networks: trading off the battery lifetime and network throughput using numerical quantization
Authors: Liu Yu , Li Xin , Li Daixuan , Zhao Chenyu , Huang Shanguo
Published: July 2024

In satellite optical networks (SONs), laser inter-satellite links (LISLs) are energy hungry to drive pointing, acquisition, and tracking systems and laser devices to maintain fine link pointing and provide communication services. Rechargeable batteries are the sole energy support for satellites in the eclipse region, and unrestrained use of batteries may accelerate battery aging and shorten the satellite operation period. Real-time sleep/activate control on demand is not applicable to reduce the energy consumption of LISLs because waiting for link pointing delay is intolerable for most traffic requests, and aperiodically changing LISLs’ working states may affect the routing reliability in SONs. For the above problem, this paper proposes green LISL planning (GreenLP) to periodically switch LISLs’ working states to prolong the battery lifetime. Considering the possible degradation of network throughput by sleeping LISLs, this paper models GreenLP as a double-objective optimization problem from the perspective of topology design, and two topology features are expanded based on traffic prediction to numerically quantify LISLs’ potential importance. Simulation results indicate that, compared with existing schemes, GreenLP reduces battery lifetime consumption by 8.93% and the probability of request blocking by 5.65%. Numerical analysis shows that the expanded node betweenness centrality has the effectiveness and universality to quantify LISLs’ potential importance on network throughput.
Squeezing for broadband multidimensional variational measurement
Authors: Movsisian Aleksandr A. , Vyatchanin Sergey P.
Published: July 2024

Broadband multidimensional variational measurement allows overcoming the standard quantum limit (SQL) in detecting a classical mechanical force acting on a mechanical oscillator. In this measurement quantum back action, which perturbs the evolution of a mechanical oscillator, can be completely removed in a broad frequency band after post-processing. In this paper we show that optical losses inside the cavity restrict back action exclusion due to the loss noise. We also analyze the effect of two-photon (nondegenerate) and conventional (degenerate) squeezing in order to improve sensitivity with accounting for optical losses. We consider mainly internal squeezing.
Vanadium dioxide-enabled tunable metasurfaces
Authors: Zheng Zihang , Sun Kai , Du Yuxin , de Groot Cornelis H. , Fang Xu
Published: July 2024

We numerically demonstrate output tuning in vanadium dioxide (VO2) metasurfaces at 1550 nm, which is enabled by the phase transition of VO2. The designs could be utilized in applications such as imaging and LiDAR sensing.
AlN Stressor Layer for Ge-on-Si Photonic Devices
Authors: Piedra-Lorenzana Jose A. , Kaneko Shohei , Fukushima Takaaki , Yamane Keisuke , Fujikata Junichi , Ishikawa Yasuhiko
Published: July 2024

In Si photonics, epitaxial Ge layers are required for photonic devices such as photodetectors (PDs) operating at near-infrared optical communicational wavelengths [1]. The lattice strain in Ge plays a significant role in the operating wavelengths of the devices. In the Ge layer on Si, an in-plane tensile strain is generated as high as 0.2% due to the thermal expansion mismatch with Si [2]. In this work, an AlN layer is studied as an external stressor to enhance the near-infrared absorption in Ge strip structures.
Gain Induced Dispersion Effects on Airy Pulse
Authors: Gaur Deependra Singh , Mishra Akhilesh Kumar
Published: July 2024

Semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOA) is an essential part in the modern long range optical communication system. SOA provides high gain over large bandwidth and consumes low power [1]. The study of optical pulse propagation inside SOA provides interesting insights [2,3]. Airy pulse, a self-accelerating pulse is known for its self-acceleration and quasi-dispersive nature [4]. In this work, we study the Airy pulse propagation in the linear regime of a SOA. We observe that peak value of the Airy pulse and trajectory of the Airy pulse depend upon the gain dispersion parameter of SOA.
Electric Field-Induced Mode Switching in Few-Mode Fibers
Authors: Sharma Isha , Chaudhuri Partha Roy
Published: July 2024

In the past few years, there has been a lot of R&D attention in developing optical fiber based technologies in photonics and broadband communication system. Data communication, cloud computing has demanded an exponential growth in communication traffic. To overcome it, few-mode fibers and mode division multiplexing (MDM) has emerged as a favorable solution. Mode convertors play a crucial role as key components in MDM systems. Numerous types of mode convertors have been proposed and experimentally demonstrated so far, employing diverse techniques such as acoustooptic transducers, structured optical waveguides etc. [1].
Shifting zero-dispersion wavelength of silica-dielelctric Bragg fiber
Authors: Mondal Saikat , Chaudhuri Partha Roy
Published: July 2024

The coaxial Bragg fiber inherently gives the freedom of multi-parameter tailoring to achieve desired transmission properties, [1], which in turn, enables one to control the propagation characteristics, namely, group velocity dispersion (GVD), zero dispersion wavelengths (ZDW).
Exploiting Photonic Topology in Semiconductor Nanophotonics
Authors: Iwamoto Satoshi , Ota Yasutomo
Published: July 2024

Research on optics from the viewpoint of topology has begun early 19th century [1]. Recently, the concept of topology has opened up new fields not only in condensed matter physics but also optics and photonics. One of them is topological photonics [2,3], which explores and utilizes the topological properties of light in momentum space. Topologically protected edge states of light appear at the boundary of two optical structures having distinct topological properties in their band structures. The topological edge states, as for the electronic counterparts, can robustly guide light even under the presence of structural disorders including sharp bends of the interface. Besides the physical interests, this unique feature suggesting the potential for novel photonics devices robust against fabrication imperfections/structural disorders has been attracting researchers in the field of nanophotonics.
Gallium Phosphide Nanoparticles for Low-Loss Nanoantennas in Visible Range
Authors: Shima Daisuke , Sugimoto Hiroshi , Assadillayev Artyom , Raza Søren , Fujii Minoru
Published: July 2024

High index dielectric nanoantennas can localize light into very small space by Mie resonances and enhance the light-matter interactions. Until now, the most studied dielectric material for a nanoantenna is silicon (Si) because of the high refractive index (n > 3.5) in the visible to NIR range and the low extinction coefficient in the red to near infrared (NIR) range. However, the extinction coefficient of Si increases at shorter wavelength, in particular below 600 nm. This limits the performance of a nanoantenna in the short wavelength range. An alternative material of a nano-antenna operating in a short wavelength range is gallium phosphide (GaP). It has a moderately high refractive index (n > 3) and a small extinction coefficient because of the much larger indirect band gap 2.26 eV (~550 nm) than that of Si (1.12 eV) [1]. However, research on GaP nanoantenna is very scarce. For example, a spherical GaP nanoparticle (NP) has not been developed and the antenna performance has not been studied.
Thermal transport by surface phonon polaritons in SiN nanofilms
Authors: Nomura Masahiro
Published: July 2024

Thermal conduction becomes less efficient as structures scale down into submicron sizes due to the predominant phonon-boundary scattering that hinders phonons more efficiently than Umklapp scattering. Recent studies indicated that this thermal performance reduction could be avoided by using surface phonon-polaritons (SPhPs), which are evanescent electromagnetic waves generated by the hybridization of optical phonons and photons. These waves propagate along the surface of polar dielectric materials and could be heat carriers capable of remarkably enhancing the thermal performance of micro- and nanoscale devices. We experimentally observe the dominant heat contribution of SPhPs in SiN nanofilms
Synthesis of Laser-Induced Graphene via Colorless Polyimide Film and its Potential in Pressure Sensing and Triboelectric Nanogenerators
Authors: Jeong Sung-Yeob , Ito Yusuke , Sun Huijie , Sugita Naohiko
Published: July 2024

This study focuses on the fabrication of Laser-Induced Graphene (LIG) from Colorless Polyimide (CPI) films. We examined the graphitization mechanism during laser treatment of CPI using Reactive Force-Field simulations and developed a fabrication method for porous LIG in a single step. The derived LIG's microporous structure, confirmed by multiple characterizations, enhances the performance of pressure sensors and Triboelectric Nanogenerators (TENG). The CPI-derived LIG electrode, with its increased sensitivity, presents promising applications in human motion monitoring systems, wearable devices, and flexible electrodes. The general overview of the experiment is depicted in the Fig.
Microfluidic biochip of amorphous fluoropolymer CYTOP fabricated using two-photon polymerized 3D mold for high-resolution cell observation
Authors: Obata Kotaro , Hanzawa Mirai , Sima Felix , Kawano Hiroyuki , Ozasa Kazunari , Hanada Yasutaka , Miyaji Godai , Miyawaki Atsushi , Sugioka Koji
Published: July 2024

Development of biochips which enables distortion-free imaging in the microchannel filled with a culture medium (water) is required to investigate behaviour of living cells in micro and nano environments. Fluoropolymer CYTOP (AGC Corporation) is a promising material with excellent properties such as high transparency in an ultraviolet region, high chemical resistance, and water repellence [1]. More importantly for the high-resolution observation of biological samples, its refractive index (1.34) is almost same as that of water (1.33), which is very attractive to be used as a substrate of biochip. However, its excellent material properties make it difficult to create 3D micro and nanostructures [2]. In this study, we have developed a new 3D fabrication method for CYTOP by using femtosecond laser based two-photon polymerized structures as molds.
Processing of Cultured Animal Cells by Femtosecond Laser Ablation: Toward Development of Compact and Low-cost Processing System for Cell Biology
Authors: Okano Kazunori , Kishima Koichiro , Hosokawa Yoichiroh
Published: July 2024

We have reported in single cell processing, manipulating and photoporating of exogenous ionic molecules such as fluorophore dextran with less thermal phenomena of the femtosecond laser. Although we have been developing a series of methodology coupled with femtosecond laser ablation, we are aware that femtosecond laser is difficult to spread widely such the methodologies in biology and medicine because of expensive, necessity of well-trained technicians and researches for optics. The economic and maintenance free system shall be perennially solved to be general methodology. One possibility is to use Q-switch nanosecond lasers that have recently progress, realizing economic, downsizing, and maintenance free system. Here we have a plan to evaluate the feasibility of nanosecond lasers in processing of animal cells, which have been achieved by femtosecond laser ablation. Before the feasibility test, we show progress of femtosecond laser-applied cell scratching and healing of the scratched area and photoporation to different animal cell spices.
Applying 3.6 μm Mid-IR Fibre Lasers Beams to Compensate Thermal Lensing in LIGO Detectors
Authors: Henderson-Sapir Ori , Brown Daniel D. , Maclean Michael , Ottaway David J.
Published: July 2024

The initial detection of gravitational waves at LIGO (Laser Interferometric Gravitational Observatory) from merging massive stellar objects ushered in a new type of astronomy [1]. Improved detector sensitivities increased the observable volume of space from which gravitational wave events can be detected. This has brought into focus the era of multi-messenger astronomy in 2017 [2], where various types of observation from different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum (radio, infrared, visible, X-ray, gamma rays) can observe simultaneously the same cataclysmic events expending our understanding of the universe, elements creation and the birth and death of stars.
The Visualization of Local Fluence Dependence in the Femtosecond Laser Processing of Dielectrics
Authors: Sakurai Haruyuki
Published: July 2024

Femtosecond laser processing has gained attention in recent years as a method to allow for non-contact, freeform processing of a wide variety of materials, including trans-parent dielectrics [1]. However, effective use of femtosecond lasers is not always trivial due to the large variety of parameters available for tuning the highly nonlinear process. Knowledge of the basic light-matter interaction dependencies to each parameter would be important to improving the controllability of laser processing.
Snapshot Compressive Imaging
Authors: Yuan Xin
Published: July 2024

Capturing high-dimensional (HD) data is a long-term challenge in imaging and related fields. Snapshot compressive imaging (SCI) uses a 2D detector to capture HD (>3D) data in a snapshot measurement. Via novel optical designs, the 2D detector samples the HD data in a compressive manner; following this, algorithms are employed to reconstruct the desired HD data cube. SCI has been used in hyperspectral imaging, video, holography, tomography, focal depth imaging, polarization imaging, microscopy, and so on. Although the hardware has been investigated for more than a decade, the theoretical guarantees have only recently been derived.
Optical design and retinal image quality of trifocal intraocular lens
Authors: Chang Chia-Yu , Wu Yen-Ting , Li Jia-Han
Published: July 2024

The lens in the human eye is responsible for adjusting different diopters, allowing people to receive images at different distances from light sources. The ciliary muscle in the human eye can control the thickness of the lens to change the required diopter for clear vision. However, as the ciliary muscle ages, its ability to adjust the lens's focal length becomes limited. Cataracts, which are caused by the degradation of the lens, may require cataract surgery to implant new intraocular lens and prevent disruption to daily life [1].
Omnidirectional 3D shape measurement using Gabor digital holography and deep neural network
Authors: Yoshikawa Nobukazu
Published: July 2024

Omnidirectional 3D measurement method has been extensively studied in various fields, including human body measurement, industrial product inspection, and 3D data creation for 3D printers. We have developed an omnidirectional 3D measurement method using Gabor digital holography (DH) and deep learning [1-3]. In this method, contour images of an object are obtained from reconstructed images of Gabor holograms captured from all directions. The 3D shape in all directions is restored by combining the contour information from all directions. Since DH is a lens-less imaging technique, accurate 3D shape can be obtained without distortion caused by lens aberrations.
New Developments in Plasmonics and Nanophotonics for Full-Color Tuning of Resonance Spectra in a Wide Wavelength Range
Authors: Okamoto Koichi
Published: July 2024

Tuning optical properties using nanophotonics and plasmonics has attracted significant attention across various fields. Different fabrication methods, including top-down and bottom-up approaches, have been utilized to create diverse nanostructures. Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages. In this study, we present novel nanostructures and recently discovered methods.
Absorption Enhancement of WS2 with All-dielectric Metasurface Based on Mie Resonance and Degenerate Critical Coupling
Authors: Chen Dingwei , Takahara Junichi
Published: July 2024

Atomically thin Two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), such as WS2, have emerged over the past few years for their unique optical and transport features in optoelectronic and photonic applications[1,2]. Nevertheless, their ultrathin thickness results in weak optical absorption [3]. To accomplish strong light absorption, a dielectric-based metasurface based on Mie resonance and degenerate critical coupling can realize superimposed modes enhancement effects on WS2[4].
Near-field intensity enhancement under an aberrated focusing
Authors: Sarita  , Jha Rajan , Singh Rakesh Kumar
Published: July 2024

Near-field intensity enhancement due to the plasmonic response of nanoparticles is investigated with the Mie theory and multipole expansion for an aberrated focusing system. Spherical aberration and defocusing are considered as an aberration in the focusing system.
Hermite-Gaussian Superposition Modes for Speckle-Guided Demultiplexing
Authors: Das Trishita , Pandit Manas Ranjan , Badavath Purnesh Singh , Kumar Vijay
Published: July 2024

Free-space optical communication is a cutting-edge technology for high-speed data transfer over long distances. Structured light modes like Hermite-Gaussian (HG) modes improve information transfer [1,2]. To enhance channel capacity and reduce cross-talk among higher-order modes, we use lower-order HG superposition (HG-SP) modes, which are more resilient to perturbations [3]. The light field of HG-SP is described by
E(x,y,z)=∑
i
α
i
HGm
i
,n
i
(x,y,z)exp(iΔφ
i
) where the three independent parameters, (m, n) modal indexes of HG modes, exp (iΔφ
i
) relative initial phases between the ith and 1st HG mode, and α
i
scale coefficients between modes, can obtain a large number of effective coding modes at a low mode order. From the large set of possible HG-SP modes, we have generated distinguishable HG-SP modes for better classification accuracy. Traditional machine learning methods rely on direct mode intensity images, which are sensitive to alignment and require capturing the entire mode for classification. This poses challenges in accurately identifying original modes and decoding encoded information. To overcome this, we utilize the more stable and noise-robust far-field speckle patterns of HG-SP modes We used a deep learning approach with a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to decode encoded information from far-field speckle patterns of HG-SP modes[3-5].. The CNN achieved >99% accuracy in distinguishing between modes. We selected 37 HG-SP modes to encode alphabets and digits. In simulations of an optical communication link, our method successfully reconstructed encoded phrases with >98% accuracy. This demonstrates the potential for increasing channel capacity and improving reliability in free-space optical communication.
Direct observation of electronic structures in atomically thin flakes by using micro-focused angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy
Authors: Sakano Masato
Published: July 2024

The physical properties of atomically-thin, two-dimensional (2D) materials drastically change as the number of layers decreases towards the monolayer limit. The quantization of band dispersions along the stacking direction, as well as the reduction of symmetry compared to the infinite bulk crystal, can significantly modify the electronic structures of 2D materials, resulting in peculiar physical phenomena.
Determination of in- and out-of-plane complex refractive index spectra of single-chirality carbon nanotube membranes
Authors: Wu Hengkai , Nishihara Taishi , Takakura Akira , Matsuda Kazunari , Tanaka Takeshi , Kataura Hiromichi , Miyauchi Yuhei
Published: July 2024

Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are promising opto-functional materials due to their strong light-matter interaction enabled by exciton states [1,2]. Since they are quasi-one-dimensional (1D) materials, they exhibit significantly different optical response to light with polarization parallel and perpendicular to the nanotube axis [3,4]. Recently, nanotube membranes with specific chiral structure (chirality) are promising for photonic [5] and opto-thermal applications [6] because the sharp and chirality-dependent excitonic resonance remains robust even at high temperature [6]. For the 1D feature of SWCNTs, their membranes which are 3D assemblies of SWCNTs with most of them oriented in the in-plane direction, are expected to exhibit anisotropic optical responses depending on the light propagating direction to the membrane plane. However, despite well-clarified response of an individual SWCNT, the anisotropic complex refractive index spectra of SWCNT membranes remain to be revealed yet, hindering prediction of angle-dependent optical responses and the design of SWCNT-based devices for the applications mentioned above.
Moiré excitonic states in a twisted WSe2/MoSe2 heterobilayer
Authors: Shinokita Keisuke
Published: July 2024

Atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are considered ideal two-dimensional systems with intriguing optical properties associated with valley degrees of freedom [1]. Van der Waals heterostructures composed of TMDs provide a fascinating platform for engineering optically generated excitonic properties through moiré patterns, which arise from the angular mismatch, leading to novel quantum phenomena. The periodic trap potential of the moiré pattern enables the formation of spatially ordered ensembles of zero-dimensional excitons, known as moiré excitons. These excitons offer the potential for dense coherent quantum emitters and quantum simulation of many-body physics [2]. In this study, we present the characterization of excitonic states within the moiré potential in a twisted WSe2/MoSe2 heterolayer.
Chemically-tailored semiconductor moiré superlattices
Authors: Zhang Wenjin , Liu Zheng , Nakajo Hiroshi , Aoki Soma , Wan Haonan , Wang Yanlin , Gao Yanlin , Maruyama Mina , Kawakami Takuto , Makino Yasuyuki , Kaneda Masahiko , Chen Tongmin , Aso Kohei , Ogawa Tomoya , Endo Takahiko , Nakanishi Yusuke , Watanabe Kenji , Tanigu-chi Takashi , Oshima Yoshifumi , Yamada-Takamura Yukiko , Koshino Mikito , Okada Susumu , Matsuda Kazunari , Kato Toshiaki , Miyata Yasumitsu
Published: July 2024

The nanoscale periodic potential generated from moiré superlattices provides a new knob to tune and study the flat band effect and correlated physics. To date, moiré superlattices have been obtained using various two-dimensional (2D) materials, such as graphene, hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), and so on. In the 2D materials family, Janus monolayers of TMDCs have two different chalcogen atoms above and below the central metal atom. This asymmetric structure induced an out-of-plane electric field which provides an additional degree of freedom in moiré superlattices. Novel features in Janus materials were predicted by recent theoretical studies, such as: large Rashba spin–orbit coupling[1], piezoelectricity[2], and long-lived charge-transfer excitons[3]. Furthermore, recent calculations showed that excitons in Janus heterobilayer moiré superlattices are possible to realize high-temperature Bose–Einstein condensation state[3].
Strain Modulation to Moiré Superlattices in Transition Metal Dichalcogenide van er Waals Heterostructures
Authors: Ou Hao , Oi Koshi , Usami Rei , Endo Takahiko , Shinokita Keisuke , Matsuda Kazunari , Miyata Yasumitsu , Pu Jiang , Takenobu Taishi
Published: July 2024

The existence of moiré pattern in van der Waals hetero-structures brings highly tunable electronic structure and rich physical properties[3]. The controllability to moiré heterostructure greatly depends on the symmetry and period of moiré pattern. Currently the pattern is determined by material choice and twist angle. Meanwhile, there have been several studies showing that the heterostrain (that is, the strain state difference between monolayers) also significantly modulates the moiré pattern and corresponding physical properties of heterostructure [4-5]. However, experimental realization of controlled heterostrain introduction remains challenging. Here, we report the observation of continuous modulation of moiré pattern by uniaxial strain application.
Elucidating Upconversion Photoluminescence Mechanisms in Air-Suspended Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Kozawa Daichi , Kato Yuichiro K.
Published: July 2024

Upconversion photoluminescence is the transformative process of lower energy photons into higher energy counterparts and holds intriguing potential for both fundamental science and advanced applications. This process is not only scientifically fascinating but also pivotal for sectors such as telecommunications, photonics, and renewable energy. The ability to perform upconversion in the near-infrared region could introduce new photonic devices, invigorate data transmission technologies, and enrich renewable energy fields.
Kerr nonlinearity in tailoring dispersion characteristics in optical fiber using a numerical analysis
Authors: Sahu Mitali , Chaudhuri Partha Roy
Published: July 2024

This work provides a useful study of the dispersion properties exhibited by standard silica fiber in the presence of Kerr nonlinearity utilizing our developed code based on Finite Difference Method (FDM).