bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategic Sourcing as a Tool for Improving Firm’s Performance
Authors: Munyi Catherine W. , Namusonge Gregory S. , Simiyu Alice
Published: January 2021

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate effectiveness of strategic sourcing for improving firm’s performance.

Design/Methodology/Approach A cross-sectional approach was adopted with primary data collected. The data yielded a response rate of 375 from electricity firms in Kenya. The data collected were put through rigorous statistical analysis to test content validity as well as reliability. Further, simple linear regression model was used to test relationships between strategic sourcing and firm’s performance.

Findings The finding suggests that a successful implementation of strategic sourcing improves firm’s performance through adoption of multiple sourcing strategies as well as maintaining manageable supply base. Further, the paper reveals that wrong choice of suppliers can negatively compromise the quality of products and services of the firm.

Research limitations/implications Strategic sourcing is complex and very sensitive issue. While the study show the effect is generally accepted strategic sourcing strategies for improving firm’s performance, not all strategic sourcing strategies are covered in the study. Also, the study can be carried on in other sector in order refine the study findings.

Originality/Value The study provides an empirical analysis on the strategic sourcing strategies and their effect on firm’s performance. Again the study seeks to provide a research agenda which meets the needs of today’s business sourcing requirements.
Die Schönheit reden. Überlegungen nach Anton Raphael Mengs und Johann Joachim Winckelmann
Authors: Brudzyńska-Němec Gabriela
Published: January 2021

Die Mitteilbarkeit von Kunsterfahrung bildet ein zentrales und lebhaft diskutiertes Problem in den ästhetischen Reflexionen des 18. Jahrhunderts. Die individuelle, gefühlsbetonte und zugleich scharfsinnige Kunstbetrachtung erzeugt eine bisher kaum in solchem Grade wahrgenommene sinnliche Nähe zum Kunstobjekt. Diese Erfahrung wird zur Herausforderung nicht nur für die Bildbeschreibung, sondern auch für die theoretische Kunstliteratur, die in vielerlei Hinsicht aus ihrer diskursiven Enge ausbricht.

Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit den sprachlichen Veränderungen in den theoretischen Erörterungen am Beispiel von frühen Schriften von Johann Joachim Winckelmann und Anton Raphael Mengs. Die enge Verbindung zwischen der Redekunst und der Kunstbeschreibung kommt dabei besonders zum Vorschein.
Martin Kessels aphoristische Anthropologie im Kontext von Roman und Essay
Authors: Spicker Friedemann
Published: January 2021

Der Aufsatz ist an der Nahtstelle von monographischem Thema und gattungstheoretischem Problem angesiedelt. Er stellt den Aphoristiker Martin Kessel (1901-1990) vor, indem er sich vornehmlich dessen Aphorismen im Kontext seines Romans Herrn Brechers Fiasko (1932) sowie seinen Essays widmet und ihre Umgestaltung in den Aphorismen (1948) bzw. der Gegengabe von 1960 untersucht. Auf der Grundlage von Denkbildern wie dem Gespenst oder dem Teufel werden Grundzüge der Anthropologie des Autors entwickelt. Mit den Stichworten Kontext und Anthropologie greift der Beitrag aktuelle Fragestellungen der Gattungsforschung exemplarisch auf und entwickelt sie fort.
Metamorphose der Landeskunde in Deutsch als Fremdsprache. Hinführung zu einer Inklusiven Landeskunde – Beginn einer Debatte oder eine utopische Hoffnung?
Authors: Rozenberg Magdalena
Published: January 2021

Die Zukunft der ‚Landeskunde‘ wird kulturwissenschaftlich geprägt sein. Die Kulturwissenschaften haben einen Paradigmenwechsel von der traditionellen ‚Landeskunde‘ zu einer kulturwissenschaftlichen Forschungsdisziplin eingeleitet. Wie sieht diese Metamorphose der Landeskunde aus und wohin kann sie führen? Der Beitrag versucht, diese Frage zu beantworten.
Edublogs und ihr Einsatz in der literarischen Deutschlehrerausbildung
Authors: Turkowska Ewa
Published: January 2021

Der Artikel ist der Rolle der Unterrichtsblogs in der literarischen Bildung der Deutschlehrer gewidmet. Am Anfang werden die didaktische Rolle der neuen Medien und der Edublogs im didaktischen Prozess behandelt. Dann werden didaktische Funktionen der Unterrichtsblogs besprochen. Der Hauptteil des Artikels ist der Darstellung des literarischen und Unterrichtsblogs LiteraBLOGtur gewidmet. Besprochen werden seine Entstehung, die Organisation der Arbeit, Lernziele, behandelte Lerninhalte, Leistungen und Probleme bei der Arbeit.
Availing Reasonable Accommodations for College Students With Psychiatric Disabilities: Findings From a Qualitative Study
Authors: Corrigan Patrick , Sheehan Lindsay , Nieweglowski Katherine , Qin Sang , Walley Gary , Winbush Kellye ,   The CBPR Team
Published: January 2021

Purpose

As many as half of all college students meet DSM-5 criteria for a mental illness; less than 5% report the ability to successfully navigate and complete their degrees. This is in part due to the lack of knowledge of reasonable accommodations for psychiatric disabilities.

Method

In the current study, we conducted qualitative interviews with students and faculty to identify types of reasonable accommodations students receive for their mental illness and factors that influence their ability to avail these accommodations.

Results

Factors included lack of awareness of accommodations, achieving fairness between students, and using accommodations as a disclosure tool.

Conclusions

Higher education institutions should better support the awareness training on accommodations for both faculty and staff. Self-advocacy training is recommended to help students in disclosing mental illness, requesting accommodations, and managing negative social reactions. Perhaps in vivo coaching is a promising tool to accommodate emotional and interpersonal disabilities.
História geológica da terra
Authors: Nascimento Estela Leal Chagas do , Messias Davi Resende , Ramos Lucas Portes , Candeiro Carlos Roberto dos Anjos
Published: January 2021

Este artigo apresenta os resultados da experiência de ensino realizada em forma de uma Mesa Redonda realizada durante as atividades em grupo da disciplina Geologia Histórica no segundo semestre de 2019. O Aquecimento Global e o movimento terraplanista foram discutidos durante a atividade prática em sala de aula, na qual os alunos debateram argumentos e contra-argumentos referentes a ambos os temas. Os participantes responderam questionários antes e após a Mesa Redonda para melhor avaliar as percepções pessoais e grupais do experimento. Os resultados mostram o aprofundamento teórico dos estudantes sobre a História das Geociências e sobre estudos documentativos e científicos relativos aos temas debatidos. Os resultados da atividade contribuíram para ampliar o conhecimento dos estudantes sobre Geologia Histórica, trazendo novas perspectivas e modificando preconcepções sobre os temas debatidos. O experimento ressalta a importância da divulgação da história da Ciência e da metodologia científica na formação do cidadão crítico no cenário socio-científico contemporâneo.
Aula de campo para ensino e aprendizagem de Geociências a partir de atividades de reconhecimento do sambaqui do rio Salinas (ES)
Authors: César Deovair Monteiro
Published: January 2021

A alfabetização científica, no que diz respeito às atividades escolares, utiliza-se da aula de campo como metodologia pedagógica, com vistas ao desenvolvimento de saberes científicos no processo de ensino-aprendizagem de Ciências. Desta maneira, o objetivo da pesquisa foi empreender uma aula de campo no sambaqui do rio Salinas, considerado espaço não-formal de ensino, a partir de atividades desenvolvidas em temas geradores de conhecimentos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, com procedimentos do tipo “observação participante”, que contou com a participação de estudantes do 7º ano da Escola Municipal de Ensino Fundamental “Professora Zuleika Flores da Purificação”, Anchieta, Espírito Santo, Brasil. Como resultados, apontamos que a totalidade dos dados coletados pelos grupos conseguiu caracterizar alguns aspectos do sambaqui, revelando potencialidades pedagógicas. Podemos afirmar que, do ponto de vista do processo de ensino-aprendizagem, os resultados demonstram avanços na alfabetização científica do grupo de estudantes participante.
Tectônica de placas, 50 anos
Authors: Brito-Neves Benjamim Bley de
Published: January 2021

A Teoria da Tectônica de Placas completou 50 anos de uso intenso, consorciado e de gradual enriquecimento. Foi considerada uma revolução nas Ciências da Terra, pela meritória vinculação entre os processos orogênicos, a composição e a estrutura do interior da Terra, tudo com pleno respeito aos princípios das ciências geológicas e respaldo na Química e Física. A revolucionária teoria e suas aplicações bem sucedidas foram desde o início acompanhadas por contestações e sugestões valiosas, denominadas adendos científicos, que complementam ou suplementam o modelo. Muitos dos que hoje a criticam e/ou a relegam é porque não estão a estão a par do contingente notável de dados e fatos incorporados ao arcabouço original da teoria. Este artigo pretende resgatar e discutir os adendos, na tentativa de atualizar o conhecimento. Adicionalmente, discutiremos uma série de conceitos suplementares e teorias consorciadas, tanto por vínculo como por decorrência, gerados nos últimos cinco lustros.
Letalidad y la mortalidad de Covid 19 en 60 países afectados y su impacto en los aspectos demográficos, económicos y de salud
Authors: Cieza Zevallos Javier , Uriol Lescano Celene
Published: January 2021

Hay estudios que permiten comprender aspectos relacionados a la Covid 19, pero no hay muchas publicaciones relativas a su impacto poblacional. Objetivo: Estudiar la relación de la letalidad y mortalidad con variables sociales, demográficas, económicas y de salud más relevantes durante los primeros 90 días de la pandemia en 60 países del mundo de los cuatro continentes. Material y métodos: Estudio transversal descriptivo y analítico de casos. Los casos lo conformaron 60 países seleccionados según la magnitud de su afectación por Covid 19. La mortalidad y la letalidad fueron estratificadas y se contrastaron con las variables de los países seleccionados mediante comparación de medias. Resultados: Se encontró una fuerte correlación entre la mortalidad y letalidad (r=0,70). El día en que se inició la enfermedad en un país y su crecimiento de infectados mostraron diferencias entre países: aquellos con mejores indicadores económicos e índice de desarrollo humano, tuvieron menos letalidad al inicio de la enfermedad. Al aumentar la incidencia, estas diferencias desaparecieron. Conclusión: Los resultados sugieren que al inicio de la enfermedad en un país, los mejores servicios son importantes, pero luego cuando la enfermedad ya se expandió, la incidencia es la variable más importante. Este resultado mostró que no hay recursos sanitarios que puedan disminuir la letalidad, independiente de cualquier otra característica del país afectado.
Sublobar resection in high-risk patients for lobectomy: current and future strategy
Authors: Dolan Daniel P. , Swanson Scott J.
Published: January 2021

Surgical resection by lobectomy is the gold standard of therapy for early stage non-small cell lung cancer. However, not all patients are medically fit to undergo surgery. In patients considered high-risk for lobectomy, alternative strategies have been developed including radiofrequency ablation, cryoablation, microwave ablation, stereotactic radiation therapy, wedge resection, and segmentectomy. This work reviews the definition of high-risk, and the outcomes that have been associated with each treatment technique. Some technical points regarding wedge resection versus segmentectomy are noted. Future directions are discussed in the context of treatment for patients considered at high-risk for lobectomy.
Conventional and robotic transanal minimally invasive surgery for rectal neoplasia
Authors: Jahansouz Cyrus , Arsoniadis Elliot G. , Sands Dana R.
Published: January 2021

The treatment of rectal cancer is evolving at a rapid pace in parallel with advancements in surgical technique. One such advancement is the application of the laparoscopic platform to the transanal approach, coined transanal minimally invasive surgery (TAMIS). TAMIS overcomes many of the shortcomings of the traditional transanal approach to the local resection of rectal neoplasia, offering greater visualization and access to the middle and upper rectum with improved oncologic outcomes. Following the introduction of conventional TAMIS, the robotic platform was introduced and applied in analogous fashion. Over the past decade, data have accumulated enabling the comparison of the two approaches most notably with regard to patient morbidity, mortality, and oncologic outcomes. This review discusses the most recently available outcomes regarding conventional and robotic TAMIS and provides a comparison of the two platforms in the treatment of rectal neoplasia. While randomized controlled trials comparing the two platforms are lacking, important differences have been identified. Conventional TAMIS is the more cost-effective approach while advancements in the robotic platform allow the surgeon to be seated and ergonomically optimized, allowing greater visualization and ease of suturing. Differences in oncologic outcomes between the two platforms have not been identified. Head-to-head randomized controlled trials are required to determine if any differences in functional or oncologic outcomes exist.
Large hiatal hernia: minimizing early and long-term complications after minimally invasive repair
Authors: Ugliono Elettra , Rebecchi Fabrizio , Seno Elisabetta , Morino Mario
Published: January 2021

Paraesophageal Hernia (PEH) is the protrusion of the stomach and/or other abdominal viscera into the mediastinum due to an enlargement of the diaphragmatic hiatus. The treatment of PEH is challenging: On the one hand, watchful waiting carries the risk of developing acute life-threatening complications requiring an emergency operation. On the other hand, elective repair of PEH has non-negligible morbidity and mortality rates, also due to the characteristics of PEH affected patients, who are generally elder and frail. A review of the literature is presented to highlight strategies that can be adopted to minimize early and long-term complications after PEH surgical repair. The laparoscopic approach has been shown to provide reduced hospital stay, postoperative morbidity and mortality, and overall costs compared to traditional open surgery, and it is currently considered the standard approach both to elective and emergency operations. The evidence suggests that strict adherence to surgical principles, such as hernia sac excision, extended mediastinal dissection of the esophagus, and tension-free crural repair with or without mesh are mandatory to achieve optimal surgical outcomes and reduce PEH recurrence rate. Different shapes, materials, and techniques of prosthetic repair and the use of relaxing incisions have been proposed, but long-term data are lacking, and no conclusions can be drawn regarding the ideal method of crural closure. When a short esophagus is recognized despite extensive mediastinal dissection, esophageal lengthening procedures are indicated. Systematic addition of a fundoplication is strongly encouraged, for either treating gastroesophageal reflux or reducing recurrence rate.
IMPLEMENTASI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER YANG BERWAWASAN PANCASILA DI MAN 4 SLEMAN YOGYAKARTA
Authors:   Magister Ilmu Agama Islam, Fakultas Ilmu Agama Islam, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Septoyadi Zikry , Candrawati Vita Lastriana ,   Pendidikan Agama Islam, Fakultas Ilmu Agama Islam, Universitas Islam Indonesia
Published: January 2021

Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah Setelah merdeka lebih dari 75 tahun, Indonesia banyak meraih kemajuan di dalam bidang politik, ekonomi, sosial-budaya, dan keagamaan. Namun, energi yang positif itu sampai batas tertentu terbuang sia-sia karena ketidaksungguhan dan berbagai kesalahan kolektif yang telah ditimbulkan, sehingga bangsa ini mengalami yang dinamakan krisis dimensional, di mana masalah pada satu aspek bidang juga akan mempengaruhi bidang lain, misalnya terjadi masalah pada aspek pendidikan akan berimbas pada masalah ekonomi maupun politik, begitu juga sebaliknya yang mengarah secara signifikan pada melemahnya visi dan karakter bangsa.Kemudian jika kita melihat lebih luas lagi, ancaman paling berbahaya yang sedang dialami bangsa Indonesia saat ini adalah "Brainwash", atau yang dikenal dengan cuci otak, hal ini dilakukan untuk mengontrol pikiran seseorang, karena dari sinilah awal mula gejala terorisme, radikalisme, kerusuhan massal, aksi bom bunuh diri, anarkis, dll. Yang kesemuanya dapat dengan mudah bertumbuhkembang dengan memanfaatkan ketidakadilan sosial, penindasan, kesenjangan ekonomi, rendahnya pendidikan, tidak percaya pada pemerintah, wilayah gerak pemerintah yang sangat luas, perbedan suku, agama, ras, isu HAM, serta ketidakpercayaan pada demokrasi.Penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan field research yang bersifat kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi.Hasil penelitian dapat di simpulkan bahwa MAN 4 Sleman sudah sejalan dengan nilai-nilai wawasan kebangsaan Pancasila, MAN 4 Sleman menerapkan kontruksi filosofis nilai-nilai pancasila di dalam sekolah dengan menggunakan berbagai hal yang di lakukan oleh guru maupun kepala sekolah seperti religius, jujur, toleransi, dispilin, kerja keras, kreatif, mandiri, demokratis, rasa ingin tahu, semangat kebangsaan, cinta tanah air, bersahabat komunikatif, cinta damai, gemar membaca, peduli lingkungan, peduli sosial, tanggung jawab sudah menjadi agenda program pendidikan karakter yang ada di MAN 4 Sleman.
PERAN ORANG TUA DALAM PENDIDIKAN AGAMA PADA KELUARGA ANAK USIA SEKOLAH DASAR DI DUSUN CANDI REJO, DESA SARDONOHARJO, NGAGLIK, SLEMAN
Authors:   Magister Ilmu Agama Islam, Fakultas Ilmu Agama Islam, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Septoyadi Zikry , Candrawati Vita Lastriana ,   Pendidikan Agama Islam, Fakultas Ilmu Agama Islam, Universitas Islam Indonesia
Published: January 2021

Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah Dewasa ini, ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi semakin berkembang pesat dan tidak terlepas dari aktivitas kehidupan sehari-hari. Manusia dapat menemukan berbagai macam alat ataumesinyang dapat digunakan untuk membantu pekerjaannya, sehingga lebih mudah, cepat, dan akurat. Pengaruh era distrupsion terhadap keluarga ini tentunya adayang berdampak positif danada juga yang berdampak negatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan Menjadi bahan pertimbangan baru bagi penentu kebijakan sekolah atau pemangku kepentingan lainnya terkait dengan upaya membumikan Peran Orang Tua dalam pendidikan agama pada keluarga pada Anak Usia Sekolah Dasar.Penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan field research yang bersifat kualitatatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi.Hasil penelitian peran orang tua dalam pendidikan agama pada keluarga anak usia sekolah dasar di dusun candi rejo, desa sardonoharjo, ngaglik, sleman. Peneliti menyimpulkan bahwa penanaman yang di lakukan dalam pendidikan keluarga di dusun Candi Rejo ada beberapa faktor yang memperkuat anak dalam meningkatkan semangat dalam beribadah antara lain hadiah, takut di beri hukuman, pembiasaan nasihat kepada anak dan doktrin dalil agama yang membuat anak menjadi semangat dalam beribadah. Hal-hal yang menghambat bagi anak dalam beribadah dengan beberapa faktor yang ada antara lain kecanggihan tekhnologi, bermain dengan sesama teman, adanya sikap malas dan di biarkan oleh orang tua, tidak dekat nya rumah dengan lokasi masjid, dan dunia game menjadi faktor yang paling kuat menghambat nya anak untuk beribadah.
SINTESIS GREEN INHIBITOR EKSTRAK DAUN TREMBESI (Samanea saman (Jacq.) Merr) SEBAGAI PEREDUKSI LAJU KOROSI LOGAM BAJA KARBON
Authors:   Kimia, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Setiawan Sarno , Nasrulloh Yusuf ,   Kimia, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Negeri Semarang
Published: January 2021

Extract of trembesi leafs consist tannins compound that can reducing corrosion rate. This studey was to examine the efficiency of trembesi leaf extract as a inhibitors of corrosion rate. In this study, carbon steel metal was used as an immersion object in 10% HCl solution as a corrosion medium. Trembesi leaf extract were added in the corrosive medium with variations in volumes of 3, 6, 9, 12 mL with carbon steel immersion for 14 days. Corrosion rate was calculated using the weight loss method. The results shows, the lowest corrosion rate was obtained in the addition of 9 mL inhibitor concentration of 0.008989 cm/year and the highest corrosion rate was without the addition of an inhibitor of 0.011669 cm/year. The highest inhibitor efficiency value was 22.97% with the addition of 9 mL.
ZONASI KERENTANAN AIR TANAH MENGGUNAKAN METODE COP DAN APLIS DI DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI GREMENG, DESA UMBULREJO, PONJONG, GUNUNGKIDUL (Zonation of ground water vulnerability using COP and APLIS methods in Gremeng Watershed, Umbulrejo Village, Ponjong, Gunungkidul)
Authors:   Teknik Lingkungan, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Yogyakarta, Yogafanny Ekha , Tiara Anastasia Titi , Fadia Utama Vindy
Published: January 2021

Desa Umbulrejo, Ponjong, Gunungkidul memiliki bentuk lahan karst dan non-karst dengan beberapa sumber air diantaranya mata air, sungai, dan sumur yang dapat digunakan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan domestik warga. Adanya ponor dan diaklas (rekahan) pada bentuk lahan karst di desa ini dapat menjadi pintu masuk polutan dari permukaan menuju air bawah permukaan. Hal ini menyebabkan sumber air pada bentuk lahan karst rentan terhadap pencemaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui zonasi tingkat kerentanan air tanah dengan menggunakan dua metode penilaian yaitu metode COP (Concentration of Flow, Overlaying Layers, Precipitation) dan APLIS (Altitude, Slope, Lithology, Infiltration, Soil) serta untuk menganalisis kualitas sumber air pada tiap zonasi kerentanan yang dihasilkan dari kedua metode tersebut. Zonasi kerentanan air tanah dengan metode COP di daerah penelitian menghasilkan 4 kelas kerentanan yaitu rendah, sedang, tinggi dan sangat tinggi sedangkan dengan metode APLIS, zonasi kerentanan menghasilkan kelas rendah dan sedang. Daerah dengan zona kerentanan air tanah kelas sedang, tinggi dan sangat tinggi terletak pada bentuk lahan batugamping. Berdasarkan hasil laboratorium kualitas air, parameter kekeruhan, TSS, TDS, DO, dan kesadahan sesuai baku mutu, sedangkan COD tidak sesuai dengan baku mutu. Tingginya konsentrasi COD menunjukan adanya pencemaran air tanah oleh aktivitas manusia terutama yang berada didaerah pada bentuk lahan karst. Parameter kesadahan memiliki nilai yang representatif terhadap tingkat zonasi kerentanan air tanah. Semakin tinggi tingkat kerentanan air tanah, ditunjukkan pula dengan semakin tingginya konsentrasi kesadahan air tanahnya. Kesadahan disebabkan oleh proses alami pelarutan batugamping yang ada didaerah penelitian.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEPUTUSAN PETANI MEMBANGUN MELAKUKAN ADAPTASI PERUBAHAN IKLIM (Factors Affecting Farmers’ Decisions Making in Adaptation of Climate Change)
Authors:   Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Asyrofi Haqul Lail Muhammad , Suryanto Suryanto
Published: January 2021

Sektor pertanian adalah sektor yang paling rentan terkena dampak perubahan iklim. Apabila iklim berubah akan memicu perubahan musim, waktutanam, dan curah hujan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk (1) mendeskripsikan partisipasi petani dalam kelompok tani di Desa Kecik dan adaptasi perubahan iklim yang dilakukan, dan (2) mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi petani untuk melakukan adaptasi perubahan iklim di Kecik, Tanon, Sragen. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah petani yang bergabung dalam kelompok tani di Desa Kecik, sebanyak 96 responden. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dan regresi logistik. Hasil analisis deskriptif menunjukkan bahwa hanya 18,75% responden mengantisipasi perubahan iklim sedangkan 81,25% tidak mengantisipasinya.Cara beradaptasi petani dengan perubahan iklim dengan mengubah jenis tanaman, menambah fasilitas irigasi, membeli pompa air dan menggeser waktu tanam. Hasil analisis regresi logistik menunjukkan bahwa luas lahan gagal panen, luas lahan yang diusahakan, dan akses kredit berpengaruh positif dan signifikan. Lama bertani atau pengalaman bertani tidak menunjukkan pengaruh signifikan dalam antisipasi perubahan iklim. Variabel penyuluhan dan tingkat pendidikan formal menolak hipotesis yang menyatakan kedua variabel tersebut memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap adaptasi perubahan iklim.
A Theoretical Treatment of Memetic Traits Using Gene-Meme, Meme-Meme and Population Equilibrium
Authors: Shuler Robert
Published: January 2021

Background: Conceived as a unit of lasting cultural (mostly vertical) trait transmission, memes now include transient horizontally transmitted fads. Memes may sometimes follow the logic of population genetics, e.g. learned birdsong, but not always over the diverse range found in human hosts. Much current work focuses on selection of memes rather than hosts. Methods: We analyze equilibrium between gene-meme and meme-meme competing propagators and consider whether a meme is linked to reproduction (e.g. vertical culture transmission), or not. We employ a genetic component and combined meme induced fitness components for hosts, while memes have replication factors to distinguish from what’s good for the host (fitness). To anticipate future meme effects on population stability we use a Monte Carlo simulation roughly calibrated to the Industrial Revolution. Results: A basic effective calculus of memetic trait competition and interaction with genes is derived and analyzed. The transient nature of short term memes may be a defense against accumulation of deleterious memes. Horizontally transmitted (panmictic) memes with high spreading rate will often not equalize with a genetic trait, spreading outside of natural selection of the hosts, presenting a cumulative existential threat. Vertical transmission reduces replication rate and allows group selection against deleterious memes. Competing mutually exclusive memes contribute to inequality and altruism, but compete through adverse fitness since exclusivity assumes low conversion. Conclusions: The advantage of a portfolio of groups or species may not accrue to a single group. This analytical understanding elevates meme-risk to the level of a candidate solution to the so-called Fermi Paradox, as interstellar travel might require a planet wide group.
Diagnostic Value of the Circulating Tumor Cells and Circulating Tumor-Derived Endothelial Cells Detection for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Xie Jianzhu , Ruan Zheng , Zheng Jian , Gong Yanping , Wang Yulan , Hu Binjie , Cheng Jin , Huang Qian
Published: January 2021

Effective biomarkers are essential to the early diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Herein, a retrospective study of 49 newly diagnosed and recurrent NSCLC patients, 31 patients with benign pulmonary disease and 24 healthy volunteers was conducted, to evaluate the diagnostic value of circulating rare cells for NSCLC. The expression of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating tumor-derived endothelial cells (CTECs) in peripheral blood were measured by subtraction enrichment-immunostaining-fluorescence in situ hybridization (SE-iFISH). The level of CTCs (P＜0.001) and CTECs (P＜0.001) was significantly higher in NSCLC group than that in benign pulmonary disease group. The proportion of small CTCs (P＜0.001) and CTECs (P＜0.0001) significantly increased from benign lung disease individuals to NSCLC patients. The AUC of ROC curves of total CTCs and CTECs were 0.815 (95%CI: 0.722~0.907), 0.739 (95%CI: 0.618~0.860), respectively. The cut-off values for discriminating NSCLC with benign lung disease patients were total CTCs 11.5 units/6ml and total CTECs 10.5 units/6ml, with sensitivity and specificity being 67.3% and 83.9%, 77.6% and 77.4%, respectively. When CTCs and CTECs were combined, predictive value significantly increased to 82.6% as measured by the area under the curve. Small CTCs and triploid CTCs had high positive predictive value (PPV) and positive likelihood ratio (LR+) of the diagnosis of NSCLC in early stage. CTCs and CTECs can not only be used as new biomarkers for the diagnosis of NSCLC, but can also improve diagnostic performance of the early stage NSCLC. Moreover, the combined examination of CTCs and CTECs is be superior to the single.
Self- and Inter-Crossover Points of Jasons’ Missions as New Essential Add-on of Satellite Altimetry in the Sub-Arctic Seas and the Southern Ocean
Authors: Badulin Sergei , Kostianoy Andrey , Shabanov Pavel , Sharmar Vitali , Grigorieva Vika , Lebedev Sergey
Published: January 2021

Satellite altimetry is successfully developing during the past three decades for the sea level, ocean dynamics, coastal oceanography, planetary waves, ocean tides, wind and wave, ice cover, Earth’s gravity field, and climatology research. We propose a new essential add-on of satellite altimetry related to the peculiarities of the orbits of the Topex/Poseidon and Jasons’ satellite missions which were not mentioned before in the scientific publications. Derived subsets of “self-crossover” and “inter-crossover” points in sub-polar latitudes are discussed in detail in the context of water exchange, and wind-wave dynamics, and potential challenges to be solved. The relatively short time lags between measurements at these crossovers provide additional information on anomalies of magnitudes and directions of ocean currents, and characteristics of wind-driven waves. Resulting data snapshots with constant space and time intervals can be regarded as time series of virtual buoys, an analog of continuous buoy measurements of the sea level, wind speed, and wave height. Areas of the World Ocean where these specific crossovers occur are described in the context of water exchange, wind wave studies, and potential challenges to be solved. The value of these special crossovers for studies and monitoring of the sub-polar seas is illustrated by a case study.
Improving Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy With 904 or 905 NM Pulsed, High Power Laser Pretreatment
Authors: Schmitz Christoph
Published: January 2021

Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) is a well investigated and widely used treatment modality for a number of musculoskeletal disorders. A limitation of ESWT is its potential painfulness at higher, clinically relevant energy flux density (EFD), which may limit its applicability and, thus, effectiveness. Various studies in the literature demonstrated that neither application of a higher number of extracorporeal shock waves with lower EFD nor use of local anesthesia may solve this problem. Based on the results of several other studies in the literature it is hypothesized here that in patients suffering from musculoskeletal disorders that can be treated with ESWT, pretreatment with a pulsed, high power laser with a wavelength of 904 or 905 nanometers (hereafter: "laser pretreatment") does not only allow to apply higher EFDs in subsequent ESWT but actually results in faster and/or better treatment outcome than ESWT without laser pretreatment. Accordingly, it is hypothesized here that combining ESWT with laser pretreatment leads to synergistic effects and, thus, is superior to either treatment modality alone. Confirming this hypothesis in preclinical and clinical research may raise significance and increase the use of ESWT in physical and rehabilitation medicine, with immediate benefit for patients.
Achilles: A Tool for Contact Angle Estimation from Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Yesudasan Sumith
Published: January 2021

In this work, a tool for estimating the contact angle from the molecular dynamics simulations is developed and presented. The tool (Achilles) can detect water droplet on hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces. The tool can reconstruct the droplets broken across the periodic boundaries. Further a neighbor density based accurate filter is used to find the droplet liquid vapor interface and a circle is fitted using it after removing the dense layers of water next to solid surface. This fitted circle is solved for contact angle and results are outputted in the form of graphical images and text. The entire content of the internal computations of the tool is broken down into 4 phases and users can monitor the outcomes at every phase through output images. The tool is tested using sample molecular dynamics results of water droplet on hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces. We believe this tool can be a good addition to the molecular dynamics simulation community who work on the interfacial physics, droplet evaporation, super hydrophobic surfaces, and wettability etc.
Thermal Annealing and Phase Transformation of Serpentine-like Garnierite
Authors: Kumar Arun , Cassetta Michele , Giarola Marco , Zanatta Marco , Le Guen Monique , Sorarù Gian Domenico , Mariotto Gino
Published: January 2021

This study deals with vibrational and crystallographic aspects of the thermally induced transformation of serpentine-like garnierite into quartz, forsterite, and enstatite occurring at about 620 °C. Powder specimens of garnierite have been annealed in static air between room temperature and 1000 °C. The resulting products from the transformations detected based on thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis, have been extensively characterized via microRaman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Our study shows that serpentine-like garnierite consists of a mixture of different mineral species. Furthermore, these garnierites and their composition can provide details based on the mineralogy and the crystalline phases resulting from the thermal treatment.
Pengaruh Akuntansi Akrual dan Pengungkapan Lingkungan terhadap Koefisien Respon Laba pada Perusahaan Terindeks JII
Authors: Karuni Mudita Sri
Published: January 2021

This research is aimed to identify whether accrual accounting and environmental disclosure influence Earning Response Coefficient (ERC). The data were collected by using document and library method. The dependent variable in this research is ERC that measured by the market response to the unexpected earnings. The independent variable is accrual accounting and environmental disclosure, which was tested on the firm’s total information disclosure of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR. This research used Panel Data Regression. A total sample of 16 companies listed in Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) for five years (2014-2018) was used to perform the analysis and hypotheses testing. The result of this research is that accrual accounting has no significant relationship with the ERC, and CSR information disclosure has a positive and significant relationship with the ERC.
Winning the Battle of Authorities: The Muslim Disputes Over the Covid-19 Pandemic Plague in Contemporary Indonesia
Authors: Hilmy Masdar , Niam Khoirun
Published: January 2021

Scholarly works on the way Indonesian Muslims perceive and respond to a pandemic—including Covid-19—have left an untouched theoretical gap. Works on pandemics or plagues mostly consist of sporadic and preliminary brief reflective pieces. This article endeavors to fill the academic gap concerning this theme. This article seeks to portray the dynamics of the religious disputes among Indonesian Muslims about the Covid-19 pandemic that affects the entire world. Using a qualitative method of analysis based on data derived from various sources - such as social and non-social media like newspapers and such - the paper argues that the public sphere serves as an open stage to contest ideas among society members where ideas based on sacred and scientific texts are publicly tested. While the majority of Muslims comply with the official disease prevention protocol, others resist it on the grounds that the protocol might undermine the spirit of Islam and the quality of the faith. Their resistance to some degree indicates the dominance of the deductive paradigm that religious authority is endangered in the public sphere.
Motive of CSR Practices in Indonesia: Maqasid al-Sharia Review
Authors: Hadi Nor , Baihaqi Jadzil
Published: January 2021

This research examines the underlying motive of CSR implementation and design, according to maqasid al-sharia. A qualitative descriptive approach was used to obtain primary data through interviews with 5 CSR informants. Secondary data was collected from the public company’s annual report on the IDX in 2019. Data was sampled and examined using purposive and content analysis technique. The results showed that there are 2 motives in CSR, specifically social and economic. Furthermore, the economic motive is more dominant and expects provision of monetary feedback. Consequently, CSR becomes less effective and most programs do not follow the real stakeholders’ needs. The dignity of CSR needs to be regained by implementing maqasid al-sharia dimensions. There are 2 approaches used to implement CSR, including a support system that utilizes pressure. The transcendental approach initiates corporate actors through religious values from maqasid al-sharia, making the implementation more humanist and stakeholder-oriented.
Drug Susceptibility Pattern and Associated Factors of Bacteria Isolated from Urinary Tract Infection among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care in Teaching Hospital, Southeast Ethiopia
Authors: Nigussie Eshetu , Mitiku Meseret , Tasew Alelign , sahiledengel Biniyam , Solomon Damtew , Gezahegn Habtamu , Astatike Aklil , Negash Getahun
Published: January 2021

Background: Urinary tract infection is caused by bacteria from the digestive tract which climbs the opening of the urethra and begins to multiply to cause infection. This study aimed to assess the bacterial profile and antibiotic susceptibility pattern and associated risk factors among pregnant women in Madda Walabu University Goba Referral Hospital, Southeast Ethiopia. Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from June-August, 2019. A total of 234 pregnant women were enrolled; data were collected using a structured questionnaire by a trained interviewer. Urine samples were collected from all pregnant women and culture on cysteine lysine electrolytes deficiency medium. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0. Descriptive statistics were used to explain the study participants with relevant variables. Logistic regression was used for data comparison. P-value <0.05 was accepted as statistically significant. Results: The overall prevalence of UTI was 23.9% among both asymptomatic and symptomatic groups. Of this screened midstream urine samples showed that 16% and 32.2%, had significant bacteriuria in the asymptomatic and symptomatic groups respectively. The prevalence of UTI was significantly associated with previous history of catheterization and urinary tract infection. E. coli was the most frequently isolated organism (42.9%) followed by coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (26.8%), and S. aureus (12.5%). Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria accounted for (59%) and (41%) respectively.Conclusion: Significant bacteriuria has been observed from both symptomatic and asymptomatic pregnant women. The majority of the isolates were resistant to commonly prescribed antibiotics. This calls for an early screening of all pregnant women for UTI and those found to be infected need treatment.
Federated Learning used for predicting outcomes in SARS-COV-2 patients
Authors: Flores Mona , Dayan Ittai , Roth Holger , Zhong Aoxiao , Harouni Ahmed , Gentili Amilcare , Abidin Anas , Liu Andrew , Costa Anthony , Wood Bradford , Tsai Chien-Sung , Wang Chih-Hung , Hsu Chun-Nan , Lee CK , Ruan Colleen , Xu Daguang , Wu Dufan , Huang Eddie , Kitamura Felipe , Lacey Griffin , Corradi Gustavo César de Antônio , Shin Hao-Hsin , Obinata Hirofumi , Ren Hui , Crane Jason , Tetreault Jesse , Guan Jiahui , Garrett John , Park Jung Gil , Dreyer Keith , Juluru Krishna , Kersten Kristopher , Rockenbach Marcio Aloisio Bezerra Cavalcanti , Linguraru Marius , Haider Masoom , AbdelMaseeh Meena , Rieke Nicola , Damasceno Pablo , Silva Pedro Mario Cruz e , Wang Pochuan , Xu Sheng , Kawano Shuichi , Sriswa Sira , Park Soo Young , Grist Thomas , Buch Varun , Jantarabenjakul Watsamon , Wang Weichung , Tak Won Young , Li Xiang , Lin Xihong , Kwon Fred , Gilbert Fiona , Kaggie Josh , Li Quanzheng , Quraini Abood , Feng Andrew , Priest Andrew , Turkbey Baris , Glicksberg Benjamin , Bizzo Bernardo , Kim Byung Seok , Tor-Diez Carlos , Lee Chia-Cheng , Hsu Chia-Jung , Lin Chin , Lai Chiu-Ling , Hess Christopher , Compas Colin , Bhatia Deepi , Oermann Eric , Leibovitz Evan , Sasaki Hisashi , Mori Hitoshi , Yang Isaac , Sohn Jae Ho , Murthy Krishna Nand Keshava , Fu Li-Chen , de Mendonça Matheus Ribeiro Furtado , Fralick Mike , Kang Min Kyu , Adil Mohammad , Gangai Natalie , Vateekul Peerapon , Elnajjar Pierre , Hickman Sarah , Majumdar Sharmila , McLeod Shelley , Reed Sheridan , Graf Stefan , Harmon Stephanie , Kodama Tatsuya , Puthanakit Thanyawee , Mazzulli Tony , Lavor Vitor de Lima , Rakvongthai Yothin , Lee Yu Rim , Wen Yuhong
Published: January 2021

‘Federated Learning’ (FL) is a method to train Artificial Intelligence (AI) models with data from multiple sources while maintaining anonymity of the data thus removing many barriers to data sharing. During the SARS-COV-2 pandemic, 20 institutes collaborated on a healthcare FL study to predict future oxygen requirements of infected patients using inputs of vital signs, laboratory data, and chest x-rays, constituting the “EXAM” (EMR CXR AI Model) model. EXAM achieved an average Area Under the Curve (AUC) of over 0.92, an average improvement of 16%, and a 38% increase in generalisability over local models. The FL paradigm was successfully applied to facilitate a rapid data science collaboration without data exchange, resulting in a model that generalised across heterogeneous, unharmonized datasets. This provided the broader healthcare community with a validated model to respond to COVID-19 challenges, as well as set the stage for broader use of FL in healthcare.
Serological Assessment of COVID-19 Patients in Brazil: Levels, Avidity, and Subclasses of IgG Against RBD
Authors: Moura Andrew , Costa Hernan H. da , Correa Victor , Lima Ana K. , Lindoso José A. , Gaspari Elizabeth De , Hong Marisa , Cunha-Junior Jair , Prudencio Carlos
Published: January 2021

SARS-CoV-2 is considered a global emergency, resulting in an exacerbated crisis in the health public in the world. Although there are advances in vaccine development, it is still not available for many countries. On the other hand, an immunological response that mediates protective immunity or indicates that predict disease outcome in SARS-CoV-2 infection remains undefined. This work aimed to assess the antibody levels, avidity, and subclasses of IgG to RBD protein, in symptomatic patients with severe and mild forms of COVID-19 in Brazil using an adapted in-house RBD-IgG ELISA. The RDB IgG-ELISA showed 100% of specificity and 94.3% of sensibility on detecting antibodies in the sera of hospitalized patients. Patients who presented severe COVID-19 had higher anti-RBD IgG levels compared to patients with mild disease. Additionally, most patients analyzed displayed low antibody avidity, with 64.4% of the samples of patients who recovered from the disease and 84.6% of those who died in this avidity range. Our data also reveals an increase of IgG1 and IgG3 levels since the 8th day after symptoms onset, while IgG4 levels maintained less detectable during the study period. Surprisingly, patients who died during 8-14 and 15-21 days also showed higher anti-RBD IgG4 levels in comparison with the recovered (P < 0.05), suggesting that some life-threatening patients can elicit IgG4 to RBD antibody response in the first weeks of symptoms onset. Our findings constitute the effort to clarify IgG antibodies' kinetics, avidity, and subclasses against SARS-CoV-2 RDB in symptomatic patients with COVID-19 in Brazil, highlighting the importance of IgG antibody avidity in association with IgG4 detection as tool laboratory in the follow-up of hospitalized patients with more significant potential for life-threatening.
The absolute and relative change of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I are associated with in-hospital outcome of patients with fulminant myocarditis
Authors: Liu Chao , Wang Zhongqin , Chen Kengquan , Cui Guanglin , chen Chen , Wang Luyun , Jiang Jiangang
Published: January 2021

Background

we sought to describe the tendency and extent of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) changes in patients with fulminant myocarditis (FM) after admission, and to explore the relationship between in-hospital outcome of FM and the value of absolute and relative change of hs-cTnI within 24 h and 48 h after admission.
Methods

a total of 83 cases of FM patient admitted to our center from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2019 were included, 69 patients survived and 14 patients died. The absolute and relative change of hs-cTnI within 24 h and 48 h were described as range distribution. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and Cox analysis were performed to determine the relationship between in-hospital outcome of FM and hs-cTnI change.
Results

In survive group, 78% patients experienced the decline of hs-cTnI within 24 h, while 36% of death group had the declined tendency of hs-cTnI (P = 0.003). Absolute and relative change of hs-cTnI within 24 h and 48 h were displayed as range distribution. Multivariate analysis revealed that the decline tendency of hs-cTnI change within 24 h, in addition with time from onset to hospital, intravenous immunoglobulin treatment and abnormal of creatinine, were associated with the outcome of FM (for the decline tendency of hs-cTnI within 24 h, OR = 0.10, 95% CI = 0.02–0.68, P = 0.018). ROC curve revealed optimized cutoff values of -0.618 ng/ml for absolute change within 24 h (AUC = 0.800, P < 0.01), -4.389 ng/ml for absolute change within 48 h (Area Under Curve = 0.711, P < 0.01), -28.46% for relative change within 24 h (AUC = 0.810, P < 0.01), -52.23% for relative change within 48 h (AUC = 0.795, P < 0.01). Absolute change and relative change of hs-cTnI within 24 h and 48 h were strong predictors of in-hospital mortality by COX regression analyzed, after the adjustment for gender, time from onset to admission, occurrence of ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation.
Conclusion

Most survive FM patients experienced the decline of hs-cTnI within 24 h. The absolute and relative change of hs-cTnI within 24 h and 48 h were strong predictors of in-hospital mortality.
An Image Denoising Method Based on BP Neural Network Optimized by Improved Whale Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Wang Chunzhi , Li Min , Wang Ruoxi , Yu Han , Wang Shuping
Published: January 2021

As an important part of smart city construction, traffic image denoising has been studied widely. Image denoising technique can enhance the performance of segmentation and recognition model, and improve the accuracy of segmentation and recognition results. However, due to the different types of noise and the degree of noise pollution, the traditional image denoising methods generally have some problems, such as blurred edges and details, loss of image information. This paper presents an image denoising method based on BP neural network optimized by improved whale optimization algorithm. Firstly, the nonlinear convergence factor and adaptive weight coefficient are introduced into the algorithm to improve the optimization ability and convergence characteristics of the standard whale optimization algorithm. Then, the improved whale optimization algorithm is used to optimize the initial weight and threshold value of BP neural network to overcome the dependence in the construction process, and shorten the training time of the neural network. Finally, the optimized BP neural network is applied to benchmark image denoising and traffic image denoising. The experimental results show that compared with the traditional denoising methods such as Median filtering, Neighborhood average filtering and Wiener filtering, the proposed algorithm has better performance in peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) than other algorithms.