bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
1922 Manisa Great Fire: Terrible Fire
Authors: BİLGİ Nejdet
Published: July 2022

Manisa was invaded by the Greeks on May 25, 1919. After three years of Greek occupation, the city was liberated on September 8, 1922. Having lost the war, the Greek army burned and destroyed many settlements. Some cities were burned by private groups. These groups, called the Fire Battalions, played a role, especially in the burning of large settlements. Manisa is one of these cities. Two days before the Greek army left the city, these fire battalions set fire to the city from various parts. A significant part of the people took shelter in the mountains and had to watch the fire from there. The fire was extinguished by the Turkish army on 8 September. Commissions were created to determine the loss of life and property. This study is based on archival documents related to the subject. The aim is to determine the consequences of the fire. Previous publications on the subject contain limited information. This is the first study in which all the documents identified on the subject are evaluated.
Real-world evaluation of safety and effectiveness of dydrogesterone in the management of threatened abortion
Authors: Nagarkatti Rajendra , Mehra Dolly , Mandal Sudipa , Dhawan Archana , Joshi Priya , Nagarkatti Nupur , Chinda Monika , Jaiswal Ashok
Published: July 2022

Background: Threatened abortion is a relatively common complication during pregnancy. Inadequate production of endogenous progesterone is implicated as a risk factor for miscarriages. Thus, supplementation of external progesterone can be used as a preventive strategy in these women. Dydrogesterone a stereoisomer of progesterone has a good safety and tolerability profile and is known to effectively prevent pregnancy loss in women with threatened miscarriage, however, real-world data safety and effectiveness analysis of dydrogesterone in Indian patients was lacking. Therefore, this real-world retrospective analysis of the case reports was done to evaluate the safety, effectiveness, compliance, and tolerability of oral dydrogesterone in the treatment of women with threatened abortion.Methods: Data was collected from 194 obstetricians and gynaecologists in India, on the use of oral dydrogesterone in women presenting with threatened abortion in the first trimester of pregnancy.Results: Completed case report forms of patients who met the eligibility criteria (n = 617) were considered for the analysis. The main presenting symptom was vaginal bleeding/spotting with an additional symptom of abdominal cramp/pelvic pain/low back pain in 364 (69.07%) patients. Miscarriage was reported in 45 (7.29%) patients and 23 (3.98%) patients needed surgical intervention before 20 weeks of gestation with dydrogesterone treatment. The median time for relief of symptoms from the start of dydrogesterone tablets was 3.32 days for low back pain, 3.9 days for abdominal pain, and 4.37 days for the establishment of hemostasis. Treatment with dydrogesterone was found to be well-tolerated and adverse events were reported in 3.72% of the patients.Conclusions: This retrospective analysis suggests that dydrogesterone is safe and effective in reducing the incidence of pregnancy loss in women with threatened abortion.
An overview of Indonesian doctors in combating COVID-19
Authors: Yudanto Ahmad V. , Ulfa Maria , Wening Dayu L. , Azuma Momoyo
Published: July 2022

Background: Indonesia's COVID-19 pandemic is putting a strain on the ability of health systems around the world to adapt and maintain sustainable performance. Indonesia has had more than four million cases of the disease and more than 141 thousand deaths in Indonesia. The hospital, along with other healthcare facilities, contributes to providing comprehensive individual health care in outpatient, inpatient, and emergency settings. Changes in facilities for patient accommodation, and acquisition of personal protective equipment (PPE) are all going through substantial changes. As doctors and health workers continue to work on this case every day while out in the field, many of their colleagues become ill and some die as a result. The aim of the study was intended to provide an overview of the conditions faced by doctors in Indonesia in dealing with COVID-19.Methods: The researchers surveyed the situation of 270 Indonesian doctors and specialists working during the COVID-19 pandemic. The questionnaires adapted from the WHO risk assessment tool for healthcare workers were translated into Bahasa Indonesia and distributed from April 2021 to May 2021 using a retrospective study.Results: Most respondents were female (61.5%) with an average age of 27.7. Forty respondents (14.8%) had a history of COVID-19.Conclusions: Based on compliance with using PPE and compliance with washing hands, doctors in Indonesia had a low risk of contracting COVID-19 from the healthcare facility environment. Even so, a correlation was found between the history of COVID-19 and happiness at work.
THRIVE: a different approach in microlaryngeal surgeries
Authors: Mittimanj Kavya , Jabanathan Malathi , Chandrashekhar Shishir , Tandon Shantanu
Published: July 2022

Microlaryngeal surgeries (MLS) are typically performed under general anaesthesia either by employing a microlaryngeal tube or without endotracheal intubation using high frequency jet ventilation. Recently, trans-nasal humidified rapid insufflation ventilatory exchange (THRIVE) without ET tube can be used. It has no compromised view/ access as in MLS tube and no barotrauma/movement of vocal cords/ tumour implantation as in jet ventilation. We aimed to assess the feasibility and safety of tubeless MLS using THRIVE. From December 2019 to December 2020, all the patients undergoing tubeless MLS were included.  Anaesthesia was conducted with target controlled propofol infusion and muscle relaxation with THRIVE oxygen support. Perioperative data was collected and analysed. A total of 21 patients underwent MLS using THRIVE as the sole method of ventilation. Mean age was 52.6 (±13.77) years, and mean body mass index (BMI) was 25.63 (±4.91) kg/m2. The surgical indications were vocal cord tumor/ biopsy and vocal polyp/cyst excision. Mean apnoea time was 27 min. At the end of surgery, mean end tidal CO2 was 66 mmHg. Surgeon’s satisfaction about the operating field was recorded and he rated it as either excellent (70%) or good (30%). In carefully selected patients, a combination of THRIVE and TIVA offers a good alternative to conventional anaesthesia with tubes. Our study demonstrated a considerable safe apnoea time with an acceptable CO2 build up. Surgeon acceptance of the technique was extremely promising and the operating conditions were highly rated by them.
Comparision of ropivacaine 0.2% with or without clonidine in epidural labor analgesia: A randomised controlled study
Authors: Karthik V J , Kanchanamala B , Keerthana N , Kokila C
Published: July 2022

Epidural labour analgesia is considered as the gold standard of pain relief for paturients inspite of the hesitancy that is prevalent in our country in providing pain-free labour.  There are several other pharmacological and non pharmacological methods available for providing labour analgesia. Local anaesthetic is an indispensable drug for administering epidural labour analgesia Ropivacaine is the most widely used local anaesthetic for labour analgesia because of its safety profile proven by various studies.

It is less potent and onset of action is slightly prolonged when compared to bupivacaine or levobupivacaine. Use of adjuvants along with local anaesthetic reduces the total dose of local anaesthetic that is required for providing effective labour analgesia. Clonidine is a centrally acting partial alpha 2 adrenergic agonist that reduces the anaesthetic and analgesic requirement of local anaesthetic. This study is aimed to study the effect of ropivacaine with clonidine as an adjuvant for labour analgesia.

To compare the time of onset of analgesia, total dose of local anaesthetic required, total duration of analgesia and neonatal outcome between the two groups, Group I with ropivacaine and Group II ropivacaine with clonidine.

: A prospective randomised controlled study was conducted in a government peripheral medical College after getting ethical committee clearance 100 patrurients randomised  into two groups, Group I received 2% ropivacaine and Group II received 2% ropivacaine with 40 micrograms of clonidine.

: The results were analysed with SPSSVersion 13 using student t - test and chi square test

The mean age was 23.4  ±1.7 years. The mean onset time of Group A and Group B were 12.9±1.3 minutes and 17.7±1.3 minutes with p<0.001 which was significant. Total mean dose of Ropivacaine for both groups were 44.0±8.8 and 54.0±8.9 respectively with P <0.05.  Neonatal outcome as measured using APGAR score were 8.5±0.5 and 8.4±0.5 being statistically insignificant.

Addition of 40 micrograms of clonidine with Ropivacaine epidurally resulted in rapid onset of analgesia with required dose of Ropivacaine. Use of Clonidine as adjuvant didn't produce any undesirable motor blockade or neonatal depression.
ON THE SOLUTION OF SOME HIGHER-ORDER INTEGRO-DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS OF SPECIAL FORM
Authors: Providas E. , Parasidis I. N.
Published: July 2022

The article is devoted to the solution of boundary value problems for higher-order linear integro-differential equations of Fredholm type with differential and integral operators encompassing powers of an ideal bijective linear differential operator whose inverse is known explicitly. The conditions for existence and uniqueness of solutions are derived and the solutions are delivered in closed form. The approach is based on the view that an integro-differential operator is a perturbed differential operator. The results obtained are of both theoretical and practical importance. The method is elucidated by solving two illustrative problems.
ON THE NOETHER THEORY OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL SINGULAR OPERATORS AND APPLICATIONS TO BOUNDARY-VALUE PROBLEMS FOR SYSTEMS OF FOURTH-ORDER ELLIPTIC EQUATIONS
Authors: Dzhangibekov G. , Оdinabekov J. M.
Published: July 2022

It is known that the general theory of multidimensional singular integral operators over the entire space Em was constructed by S. G. Mikhlin. It is shown that in the two-dimensional case, if the operator symbol does not turn into zero, then the Fredholm theory holds. As for operators over a bounded domain, in this case the boundary of the domain significantly affects the solvability of such operator equations. In this paper we consider two-dimensional singular operators with continuous coefficients over a bounded domain. Such operators are widely used in many problems of the theory of partial differential equations. In this regard, it would be interesting to find criteria of Noetherity of such operators as explicit conditions for its coefficients. Depending on the 2m+ 1 connected components, necessary and sufficient conditions of Noetherity for such operators are obtained and a formula for the evaluation of the index is given. The results are applied to the Dirichlet problem for general fourth-order elliptic systems.
PROBLEMS OF DIFFERENTIAL AND TOPOLOGICAL DIAGNOSTICS. PART 7. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSTICS IN SOME SYSTEMS OF DIRECT AND INDIRECT CONTROL
Authors: Shamolin M. V.
Published: July 2022

Proposed work is the seventh work of the cycle on differential and topological diagnostics. Diagnostics ofmalfunctions in the system of indirect control of an object whose motion is described by nonlinear ordinary differential equations of the third order (the problem of B.V. Bulgakov) is considered. In the diagnostic algorithm used, the scope of control is selected, when a certain constant value is assigned to each faulty system, and according to certain rules, the numbers obtained in the process of integrating equations and characterizing the functional state of the system are compared with it. Troubleshooting is also considered in one system of direct control of the movement of the aircraft, which can be described by nonlinear differential equations of the second order. At the same time, a certain diagnostic algorithm is built and used in accordance with the previously developed methodology.
On the theoretical model of the limits of law-enforcement discretion
Authors: Onosov Yu. V.
Published: July 2022

The article provides a theoretical study of the concepts limits of law-enforcement discretion, limits of lawenforcement discretion, restrictions on law-enforcement discretion. The subject of consideration is also a significant number of classifications of the limits of law-enforcement discretion. Due to the lack of unity of opinion among legal scholars, various approaches are analyzed, attention is drawn to the theoretical and practical significance of the study of these issues. Attention is drawn to the importance of constructing a theoretical model of the limits of law-enforcement discretion based on the concept, features and classification of limits. The result of the study was the category limits of law-enforcement discretion, which is complex in the modern general theory of law. It is suggested that the use of the category enforcement discretion will allow a more complete and accurate description of the modern procedure of legal regulation. The author presents for discussion the issues, the solution of which will contribute to the creation of a theoretical basis for the problem of the margin of appreciation in law-enforcement practice.
Perception of Blended Learning in Faculty and Students of Higher Learning
Authors: Salcedo Ma Del Carmen Nolasco
Published: July 2022

Technology, globalization, and work environments are changing the educational environment which has necessitated to train teachers and students. Teachers who recognize the potential benefits of blended learning for student achievement are more likely to embrace the integration of technology and use it to improve classroom teaching and learning. Blended learning (BL) is a teaching/learning method with a wide range of different techniques that emerge from online education, including the evolution of new ways of teaching, the openness to change, and the innovation of learning strategies. This research aimed to present the results and experiences of teachers and students of higher learning, emphasizing the use of the hybrid educational model against the traditional model. The findings revealed that students developed critical, reflective and constructive thinking and problem-solving skills when taught through BL or hybrid learning. The development of competencies in both students and teachers facilitating the construction of meaningful learning was also reported. The study recommends the need to make the use of BL in order to make their learning and skills development more coherent.
Možnost vzpostavljanja kulturnega konteksta ob izbranih književnih delih: primeri za štiri izbirne predmete slovanskih jezikov v osnovni šoli
Authors: Haramija Dragica , Pulko Simona
Published: July 2022

Prispevek prinaša interdisciplinarno analizo o jezikovnih znanjih pri štirih izbirnih predmetih slovanskih jezikov v slovenskem izobraževalnem prostoru in literarna besedila, ki so bila napisana v teh jezikih ter prevedena v slovenščino, s čimer smo dokazovali medkulturne povezave oz. kulturni kontekst zbranih literarnih del in ugotavljali, ali tovrstna kakovostna dela vplivajo na razumevanje kulturnega konteksta mladega bralca, ki se uči izbrani slovanski jezik. Prav tako prispevek prinaša pregled, koliko in kako kakovostna so literarna dela za otroke in mladostnike, ki so prevedena iz izbranih slovanskih jezikov v slovenščino, ter koliko in kako kakovostna so literarna dela za otroke in mladostnike, ki so prevedena iz slovenščine v izbrane slovanske jezike.
Slovenski pisci u lektiri i udžbenicima za hrvatski jezik
Authors: Majdenić Valentina
Published: July 2022

Pojam školske lektire odnosi se na popis djela koja učenici moraju obvezatno pročitati tijekom školske godine, a propisan je Nastavnim planom i programom za svaki razred te Nacionalnim okvirnim kurikulumom. Svrha lektire jest prvenstveno razvijati kulturu čitanja kod učenika, bogatiti njihov rječnik i upoznati ih s pisanom riječi kao takvom. Nastavni plan i program propisuje djela za književnu lektiru za svaki razred, daje temeljna metodička određenja, svrhu i zadaće čitanja lektirnih djela, a to su stjecanje književne kulture i kulture čitanja. Književno djelo odabrano za učenike razredne nastave mora biti na razini njihovog emocionalnog i intelektualnog razvoja, a to znači da je primjereno doživljajno – spoznajnim mogućnostima učenika. U udžbenicima književnosti za mlađu školsku dob zastupljena su brojna književna (literarna) djela, domaćih i stranih pisaca, među kojima su i slovenski. U radu će se istražiti u kojoj su mjeri zastupljeni slovenski pisci u lektiri i udžbenicima književnosti za mlađu školsku dob te kojim su književnim vrstama zastupljeni. Istraživački korpus čine popisi lektirnih naslova iz Nastavnoga plana i programa i Nacionalnog okvirnog kurikuluma te udžbenici Hrvatskoga jezika za mlađu školsku dob (od 1. do 4. razreda) tiskanih od 2019. godine do danas.
Semiotika nacionalizma in rasizma v protiimigrantskih grafitih slovenske urbane krajine
Authors: Vičar Branislava
Published: July 2022

V prispevku s pristopom kritične diskurzivne analize preučujem protiimigrantski rasizem, kakor ga odražajo ter obenem vzdržujejo in reproducirajo grafiti v slovenski urbani krajini. Analiza razkriva, da grafiti konstituirajo odkrito izključevalen diskurz ter utrjujejo strukturno nasprotje med »našim« in »tujim« prostorom. Predpostavljajo podobo nacionalnega prostora in podobo etniziranega/rasializiranega drugega. Vendar pa obravnavani grafiti kljub razsežnosti diskriminacijske retorike izpričujejo tudi pojavitve alternativnih diskurzov, ki kot tujega ne vzpostavljajo marginalizirane družbene skupine, temveč samo pojavnost družbenega izključevanja, diskriminacije in marginalizacije. To se uresničuje z besednimi preigravanji, ki redefinirajo diskriminacijske grafite ter jih na ta način nevtralizirajo in delegitimirajo.
»Sovraštvo je preprosto« – preplet oblike in pomena v izbranih romanih F. Backmana
Authors: Krajnc Ivič Mira
Published: July 2022

Prispevek z vidika pragmatične (literarne) stilistike analizira izbrane v slovenščino prevedene romane Fredrika Backmana. Zanje je značilna družbena kritičnost, vidna v »svetovih« literarnih likov in njihovih komunikacijskih vzorcih. Večja pragmatična fleksibilnost literarnega besedila med drugim omogoča manipuliranje z zornimi koti, zamegljuje razliko med zunanjimi in notranjimi udeleženci. V izbranih romanih je to zlasti opazno v esejističnih uvodnih delih v poglavja. Ti so predmet podrobne analize.
Сфере функционисања русинског језика
Authors: Фејса Михајло
Published: July 2022

Иако русински језик користи веома мала популација, он је према професору Александру Д. Дуличенку заступљен у свим издвојеним сферама функционисања (уметничка литература, администрација, наука, властите културне инситуције и организације, црква, позоришна друштва, радио, телевизија, топографски натписи и други натписи, лична преписка), што га чини најразвијенијим словенским острвским микројезиком.
Македонскиот и словенечкиот јазик од функционален аспект како дел од развојните процеси на 21. век
Authors: Аризанковска Лидија
Published: July 2022

Јазикот е дел од развојните процеси на општествен план кои носат промени на јазичен и културен план, наметнати од потребата за брза комуникација и опстанок во глобалниот прагматички свет. Низ илустрацијата на дел од материјалот што се однесува на македонскиот и на словенечкиот јазик на посочената тема, а како дел од тенденциите на 21. век, се поставува прашањето за грижата за јазикот и одржувањето на јазичниот стандард, која станува сѐ поотежната зашто токму интернет-комуникацијата е онаа која допушта целосна слобода во изборот на дадена лексика и начинот на нејзина презентација.
Gledal sem Disneya: Ob jubileju Guinnessovega rekorderja in začetnika animiranega filma v Mariboru Franca Kopiča
Authors: Salmič Kovačič Karmen
Published: July 2022

Prav zares nenavadno je in prav zares se je vprašati, kako so se pojavila zgornja tri imena v istem kontekstu. Prvi je začel fenomene zbirati in po tem zaslovel, tretji pa je zaradi drugega prišel v Guinnessovo knjigo rekordov. Torej sta druga dva tudi fenomen, če sta pristala v knjigi prvega.
Chapter 4. Navigating a Pathway to Success in Undergraduate Research
Authors: Beason-Abmayr Beth , Eich Elizabeth , Catanese Jr. Daniel J.
Published: July 2022

This chapter describes a series of course-based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs) in introductory through advanced laboratory courses in biosciences with a shared learning goal for students to “experience that not all experiments work as planned.” Student reflection data and survey results show that students develop mindsets and attitudes that prepare them to confront and cope with research failures as they progress through the laboratory program. Techniques are shared for embracing failure in teaching laboratory settings to build confidence and resilience in undergraduate researchers.
Attempts for undoing the ecological incompatibility of agricultural technologies: from ecological pest management to agroecology
Authors: Székács András , Darvas Béla
Published: July 2022

Current agroecology is often categorized into three facets, science, practice, and movement. While the latter two aspects currently play significant and varying roles in different regions of the world, the fundamental aspect is the first one, the scientific approach that subsequently provided the possibility of the birth of the other two. The concept of integrated plant protection i.e., the emphasis on ecological considerations in chemical pest control emerged as a revolutionary novel concept in the middle of the last century. Among the priority principles, there are several similarities between ecological plant protection suggested by the pioneering Hungarian researcher Barnabás Nagy in 1957 and integrated pest management (IPM) initiated by US scientists Stern et al. in 1959, in given aspects such as the use of natural enemies, forecasting, and environmentally friendly strategies. In turn, the principles of ecological plant protection and IPM overlap on numerous points, but differences are also apparent. Neither of these strategies, however, emphases with due vigor the significance of persistence, pesticide residues, and chronic health-damaging effects. By today, properly assessing the environmental fate, behavior and chronic side effects of pesticides have become as important as taking the rapidly changing composition of local communities into consideration by the above three aspects of agroecology. The current pesticide re-registration strategy of the European Union focuses on prolonged changes from chronic effects. Ecological plant protection and IPM set preferences of sustainability e.g., the use of mechanical or biological protection methods and lowering the rate of agrochemical protection, but they have failed to establish transparent sustainability requirements that are easy to comprehend by general consumers. In contrast, ecological (organic) agriculture managed to formulate such clear regulations (a complete ban on synthetic pesticides), which is well-reflected in their rising preference by consumers but failed to prove that observed health benefits of organic produce is indeed due to the lack of the residues of those pesticides banned. In turn, the ecological approach currently has a strong presence in the form of the determined agroecological objectives of the European Green Deal. In retrospect, it is particularly impressive to observe the path of IPM, sustainable agriculture and all three aspects agroecology all rooted in the establishment of the ecological initiatives in the late fifties as their common historical scientific starting point.
The Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background Exists Permanently and Has Time-Domain Asymmetry
Authors: Kramarenko Andrey , Kramarenko Alexander
Published: July 2022

Analyzing the records of Advanced LIGO and Virgo gravitational observatories, we found a specific time-domain asymmetry inherent only to the signals of their gravitational detectors. Experiments with different periodic signals, Gaussian and non-Gaussian noises, made it possible to conclude that the noise of gravitational detectors is an unusual mixture of signals. We also developed a specialized Pearson correlation analyzer to recognize the gravitational-wave events. It turned out that the LIGO detectors’ output signals include a significant (– 6 dB) component, which has the properties of records of reliably recognized gravitational waves. It allows us to argue that the gravitational background noise is largely due to the processes of merging astronomical objects. Since the specific signal is registered by the detectors continuously, we can consider the sub-kilohertz band gravitational oscillations field as detected. Our analysis method also allows us to estimate the contribution of the gravitational background component to the total signal energy. With its help, it will be possible not only to provide the radio-frequency estimation of the magnitude of gravitational disturbances but also, possibly, to construct a map of the gravitational noise of the sky.
Design, Construction and Characterization of Sealed Tube Medium Power CO2 Laser System
Authors: Naeem Muddasir , Imran Tayyab , Hussain Mukhtar , Saleem Bhatti Arshad
Published: July 2022

A low-cost medium power carbon dioxide (CO2) laser system is designed, constructed, and characterized to produce coherent, monochromatic laser radiation in the Infrared region. The laser cavity is simulated and designed by using ZEMAX optic studio. A switch-mode high tension pump source is designed and constructed using a flyback transformer and simulated using NI Multisim to study the voltage behavior at different node points. A prototype cooling system/chiller is designed and built using the Thermo-Electric Coolers (TEC) to remove the excess heat produced during laser action. Various parameters, like pumping mechanism, chiller stability, efficiency, output power, and current at different applied voltages, are studied. The chiller efficiency at different output powers of the laser is analyzed, which clearly shows that the chiller's cooling rate is good enough to compensate for the heat generated by the laser system. The center wavelength of the carbon dioxide laser is 10.6μm with FWHM of 1.2nm simulated in the ZEMAX optic studio. The output beam penetration through salt rock (NaCl), wood, and acrylic sheet at various output powers is analyzed to measure the penetration depth rate of the CO2 laser.
Frequency of Spontaneous Hemothorax, Chylothorax, Pleural, and Pericardial Effusion in Patients Who Had Thorax Tomography during Prepandemic and Pandemic Period
Authors: Türkdoğan Figen Tunalı , Coskun Abuzer , Türkdoğan Kenan Ahmet
Published: July 2022

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains a mystery in many respects. The importance of less common life-threatening diseases is still unclear. Therefore, in this study, it was attempted to determine the frequency of nontraumatic hemothorax, chylothorax, pleural, and pericardial effusion (PCE) in patients who underwent thoracic computed tomography during the pre-pandemic and pandemic period. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 147 patients over the age of 18 who were admitted to the emergency department between January 1st, 2019, and December 31st, 2020. The year 2019 was taken as the pre-pandemic period and the year 2020 was the pandemic period. Comorbidity, survival, and laboratory parameters of the patients were evaluated. Results: The mean age of the 147 patients included in the study was 66.41 ± 12.81 years, 54 (36.7%) were female, and the age range was 22–88 years. The mean plasma lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level of the patients was 373.97 ± 115.77 U/L, plasma protein was 5.45 ± 1.00 gr/dL, fluid LDH was 229.37 ± 125.73 U/L, fluid/plasma LDH was 0.60 ± 0.23, fluid/plasma protein was 0.55 ± 0.29, and the amount of fluid discharged was 562.11 ± 243.01 mL. Bilateral lung involvement was present in 72 (49%) patients, and coagulation use was present in 59 (40.1%) patients. Pleural effusion (PE) was found in 43 (76.8%) of the hospitalized patients, hemothorax in 11 (19.6%) patients, and chylothorax in 4 (7.1%) patients. However, PCE was more common in the 16 (42.1%) patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) (P < 0.001). While 38 (25.9%) of the patients were admitted to the ICU, mortality was observed in 30 (20.4%) patients. Conclusion: Although PE, nontraumatic hemothorax, chylothorax, and PCE are rare in COVID-19 patients, they can cause severe inflammation and poor prognosis.
Sintilimab-Induced Diabetic Ketoacidosis in A Patient with Radiation and Multichemorefractory Penile Cancer: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Lv Chuan , Wu Can , Zhang Yan , Li Wen dong , Wang Xue song , Liang Li
Published: July 2022

Penile squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a rare disease. Treatment options for advanced penile cancer are often limited and prognosis remains poor. We reported a 52-year-old male recurrent and metastatic penile SCC patient with high PD-L1 expression(90%) and TMB(14.4 muts/Mb). He had undergone penectomy, bilateral inguinal lymph node dissection and excision of the abdominal wall mass during two surgeries. Despite cisplatin-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy and sequential chemotherapy with docetaxel plus cisplatin were then carried out, the carcinoma still had progressed. The patient then obtained progression free survival exceeding 32 months with continuous sintilimab, although new onset of ICI-induced diabetes after 24 cycles of sintilimab and required sustained insulin treatment. He didn’t have positive type 1 diabetes associated autoantibodies, but had susceptible HLA genotype DR3-DQ2 haplotype. This is the first patient with radiation and multichemorefractory penile SCC obtained remarkable anti-tumor effect of partial regression exceeding 32 months during continuous sintilimab.
Comparative Analysis of Battery Thermal Management System using Biodiesel Fuels
Authors: Al Qubeissi Mansour , Mahmoud Ayob , Al-Damook Moustafa , Khatir Zinedine , Soyhan Hakan Serhad , Raja Ahsan Shah Raja Mazuir
Published: July 2022

This paper focuses on the comparative analysis of lithium-ion batteries (LIB) thermal management with aim to maintain working temperature in the range 15 ℃ – 35 ℃. This is to prevent thermal runaway and high temperature gradients. The proposed approach is to employ the biodiesel, situated inside the diesel/LIB powered hybrid electric vehicle, to supply as fuel and coolant. A 3S2P LIB module is simulated using Ansys-Fluent CFD software tool. The system without a coolant shows that LIB has exceeded the optimum maximum temperature, which leads to shortened life-cycle and poor performance. Four fatty acid methyl ester biodiesels are used as coolants, namely palm, karanja, jatropha, and mahua oils. When compared with conventional methods of cooling, using air and 3M Novec liquid, the palm biodiesel coolant proves to be the best option to maintain LIB temperature within the optimum working range. With the use of palm biodiesel, the system is estimated to lightweight the BTMS by 43%, compared to the case when 3M Novec is used to maintain the same temperature range.
Clinical Manifestations of Constriction Band Syndrome
Authors: Demetri Leah R.F. , Starcevich Anne G. , Manske Mary Claire B. , James Michelle A.
Published: July 2022

Background:

Constriction band syndrome (CBS) is a congenital limb anomaly with varying presentation. We sought to characterize the clinical manifestations of CBS by analyzing a large cohort of patients. Our secondary aim was to evaluate potential risk factors for CBS.

Methods:

We retrospectively reviewed the records for all patients with CBS who had presented to our tertiary medical center between 1998 and 2018. Examination by a pediatric orthopaedic surgeon and the presence of pathognomonic features were inclusion criteria. Clinical notes, photographs, and radiographs were reviewed to determine the pattern of limb involvement and associated conditions. Demographic data were compared with population averages to assess for possible risk factors.

Results:

One hundred and twenty-eight children were included. The most prevalent feature was constriction bands (96%), followed by limb or digit amputations (88%) and syndactyly/acrosyndactyly (69%). Children without constriction bands presented with either acrosyndactyly or growth of an osseous spike from a congenital diaphyseal limb or digit amputation. There was a strong predilection for involvement of central digits of the hands and feet, with sparing of the thumb/great toe and small finger/toe. The average number of involved limbs per child was 2.6; 23% of the children had involvement of only 1 limb. Children with at least 1 additional diagnosis had more limbs affected by CBS than those who were otherwise healthy (2 limbs [interquartile range (IQR), 1-3 limbs] versus 3 limbs [IQR, 2-4 limbs]; p = 0.006), suggesting a more severe phenotype. Children with more limbs involved underwent more surgical procedures (p < 0.001). CBS was associated with gestational trauma, prematurity, low birth weight, young and old maternal age, and higher social deprivation.

Conclusions:

Children with CBS can be categorized as having either mild or extensive involvement based on the number of involved limbs and associated conditions. Future investigation of prenatal risk factors is necessary to further elucidate the etiology of this heterogenous condition.

Level of Evidence:

PrognosticLevel IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
FISCAL AND MONETARY POLICY INTERACTIONS IN INDONESIA DURING PERIODS OF ECONOMIC TURMOIL IN THE US: 2001Q1-2014Q4
Authors: Utama Chandra , Insukindro Insukindro , Fitrady Ardyanto
Published: July 2022

This study investigates the formation of the interaction between monetary and fiscal policies in Indonesia during periods of economic turmoil in the US (external shock) based on the Hybrid New Keynesian (HNK) model. The study estimates the HNK model using the Full Information Maximum Likelihood and time-series data over theperiod 2001Q1-2014Q4. The result reveals the form of coordination is a monetary-led policy mix between active monetary policy and passive fiscal policy. The degree of coordination is down when external shock increases.
FINANCE AND ENDOGENOUS GROWTH
Authors: Villanueva Delano Segundo
Published: July 2022

In a two-class growth model of Pasinetti (1962), there is no financial intermediary that mobilizes bank deposits to be lent to the capitalist class for physical investment. The absence of a capital market also precludes workers from buying capitalists’ new issues of stocks and bonds to finance investment. Thus, the equilibrium rate of return to capital is independent of the saving rate of the working class—what Samuelson and Modigliani (1966) referred to as the Pasinetti paradox. In this paper’s modified Pasinetti framework with endogenous growth, the equilibrium rate of return to capital is shown to be a function of all structural parameters, including both saving rates of the capitalist and working classes. Additionally, the modified model explains the recessionary dynamics of the 2007/2008 global and regional financial crises. Implications for growth policies are drawn.
CENTRAL BANK DIGITAL CURRENCY: WHAT FACTORS DETERMINE ITS ADOPTION?
Authors: Maryaningsih Novi , Nazara Suahasil , Kacaribu Febrio Nathan , Juhro Solikin M
Published: July 2022

This paper attempts to explain the differences in Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) adoption across emerging and advanced countries using an ordered probit model. Based on a cross-country dataset, we show that wholesale CBDC is more advanced in countries with developed financial markets and greater cross-border transactions. Retail CBDC is more advanced in countries with lower financial inclusion and a large informal economy. We further show that different factors affect retail CBDC adoption across emerging and advanced countries. However, cross-border transactions are the most crucial factor influencing wholesale CBDC adoption across emerging and advanced countries.
Dampak Media Sosial bagi Kehidupan Perkawinan di Ponorogo
Authors: Zulfi Rifqi Izza  , Miftahul Huda
Published: July 2022

Information technology, especially social media, is one of the advances in information and communication. The growing number of social media allows information to spread easily in the community. With the development of technology in the household breakdown. This paper aims at the impact of the use of social media on married life in Ponorogo Regency, causing divorce. In accordance with these objectives, the data studied uses conflict theory, which is how the community manages the conflicts they experience can be resolved or not, resulting in divorce. This study uses a qualitative approach through field research based on data collected through interviews and observations. This study reveals a result of the impact of this s ocial media is the incident of an affair and online gambling. The statement that they are using this social media with their own selfishness, with this social media with any freedom. The impact is really real on third parties and some are using it as an online gambling medium.
Tinjauan Yuridis Terhadap Perjanjian Pemisahan Harta dalam Perkawinan Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 69/PUU-XIII/2015
Authors: Lutfiana Dwi Mayasari  , Abid Rohmanu
Published: July 2022

The issuance of the Constitutional Court's decision Number 69/PUU-XIII/2015 aims to provide asset ownership rights for Indonesian citizens married to foreigners. However, this decision has an impact on simultaneous regulatory changes. Both in the body of the Marriage Law itself and the executorial institution making the marriage agreement. This type of research is normative juridical research with a statute approach. The nature of the study is descriptive and analytical, while the analysis of legal materials is carried out qualitatively. The theoretical basis used is the theory of harmonisation and synchronisation of law and the theory of legal principles by Hans Kelsen. From the study results, it was concluded that according to Hans Kelsen's theory of norm hierarchy, the decision of the Constitutional Court Number 69/PUU-XIII/2015 had an impact on the emergence of legal dualism. For the conclusion of the Constitutional Court Number 69/PUU-XIII/2015 to be implemented, an effort is needed to harmonise the rules both vertically and horizontally.
Identification of spatially variable genes with graph cuts
Authors: Zhang Ke , Feng Wanwan , Wang Peng
Published: July 2022

Single-cell gene expression data with positional information is critical to dissect mechanisms and architectures of multicellular organisms, but the potential is limited by the scalability of current data analysis strategies. Here, we present scGCO, a method based on fast optimization of hidden Markov Random Fields with graph cuts to identify spatially variable genes. Comparing to existing methods, scGCO delivers a superior performance with lower false positive rate and improved specificity, while demonstrates a more robust performance in the presence of noises. Critically, scGCO scales near linearly with inputs and demonstrates orders of magnitude better running time and memory requirement than existing methods, and could represent a valuable solution when spatial transcriptomics data grows into millions of data points and beyond.
Evaluating Molecular Xenomonitoring as a Tool for Lymphatic Filariasis Surveillance in Samoa, 2018-2019
Authors: McPherson Brady , Mayfield Helen J. , McLure Angus , Gass Katherine , Naseri Take , Thomsen Robert , Williams Steven A. , Pilotte Nils , Kearns Therese , Graves Patricia M. , Lau Colleen L.
Published: July 2022

Molecular xenomonitoring (MX), the detection of filarial DNA in mosquitoes using molecular methods (PCR), is a potentially useful surveillance strategy for lymphatic filariasis (LF) elimination programs. Delay in filarial antigen (Ag) clearance post-treatment is a limitation of using human surveys to provide an early indicator of the impact of mass drug administration (MDA), and MX may be more useful in this setting. We compared prevalence of infected mosquitoes pre- and post-MDA (2018 and 2019) in 35 primary sampling units (PSUs) in Samoa, and investigated associations between presence of PCR-positive mosquitoes and Ag-positive humans. We observed a statistically significant decline in mosquito infection prevalence post-MDA at the National Level (from 0.9% to 0.3%, OR 0.4) but no change in human Ag prevalence during this time. Antigen prevalence was higher in randomly selected PSUs where PCR-positive pools were detected (1.4% in ages 5-9; 4.8% in ages ³10), compared to those where PCR-positive pools were not detected (0.2% in ages 5-9; 3.2% in ages ³10). Presence of PCR-positive pools of ‘all species’ was most sensitive (78.6%) for detecting villages with Ag-positive humans, while Ae. polynesiensis provided the highest positive predictive value (81.8%). Our study provides promising evidence for MX as a complement to human surveys in post-MDA surveillance.
Exploring sustainable care pathways.
Authors: Vasset Frøydis , Sather Eva Walderhaug , Svindseth Marit , Iversen Valentina Cabral , Crawford Paul
Published: July 2022

Background
Patients with mental health problems experience numerous transitions into and out of hospital.
Aim
The review studies assessing clinical care pathways between psychiatric hospitalization and community health services.
Methods
We used publications between 2009–2020 to allow a broad scoping review of the published research. Sixteen review-articles were identified, 12 primary studies were chosen, both on care pathways in the transition between psychiatric hospital and community.
Results
Organizational issues: Systems and procedures to ensure clear responsibilities and transparency at each stage of the pathways of care. Resources: Information-technology in objectively improving patient outcome. Information/documentation: Providing patients with adequate structured information and documented plans at the appropriate time. Patient/families: Continuous collaborative decision-making. Clinical care and teamwork: Collaboration between mental health and other professionals to guarantee that planned activities meet patient need. Ethical issues: Respectful communication and patient-centred, non-humiliating care.
Conclusions
System and procedures ensure clear responsibilities and transparency. Information technology support decision-making and referral and objectively improve patient outcomes in care pathways. Collaboration between mental health and other professionals guarantee that planned activities meet patients’ needs along with regular meetings sharing key information. Around-the-clock ambulant-teams important to transition success. Informed-shared decision-making between parties, support patient participation and respectful communication.
Biomedical consequences of elevated cholesterol-containing lipoproteins and apolipoproteins
Authors: Schmidt Amand , Joshi Roshni , Kivimaki Mika , Hughes Alun , Lawlor Deborah , Price Jackie , Maranon Maria , Gaunt Tom , Charoen Pimphen , Wong Andrew , Chaturvedi Nish , Wannamethee Goya , Bis Joshua , Franceschini Nora , Giambartolomei Claudia , Hingorani Aroon , Finan Chris , Drenos Fotios
Published: July 2022

Aims To provide a comprehensive evaluation of the biomedical effects of circulating concentrations of cholesterol-containing lipoproteins and apolipoproteins. Methods and Results Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used to measure the cholesterol content of high density (HDL-C), very low-density (VLDL-C), intermediate-density (IDL-C), and low-density (LDL-C) lipoprotein fractions; apolipoproteins Apo-A1 and Apo-B; as well as total triglycerides (TG), remnant-cholesterol (Rem-chol) and total cholesterol (TC). The causal effects of these exposures were assessed against 33 cardiovascular as well as non-cardiovascular outcomes using two-sample univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR). We observed that most cholesterol containing lipoproteins and apolipoproteins affected coronary heart disease (CHD), cIMT, carotid plaque, CRP and blood pressure. Through multivariable MR we showed that many of these exposures acted independently of the more commonly measured blood lipids: HDL-C, LDL-C and TG. We furthermore found that HF risk was increased by higher concentrations of TG, VLDL-C, Rem-Chol and Apo-B, often independently of LDL-C, HDL-C or TG. Finally, a smaller subset of these exposures could be robustly mapped to non-CVD traits such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD: HDL-C, LDL-C, IDL-C, Apo-B), type 2 diabetes (T2DM: VLDL-C, IDL-C, LDL-C), and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD: LDL-C, IDL-C). Conclusion The cholesterol content of a wide range of lipoprotein and apolipoproteins affected measures of atherosclerosis and CHD, implicating subfractions beyond LDL-C. Novel findings include cholesterol-containing lipoproteins and apolipoproteins affecting HF, blood pressure, CRP, AD and IBD. Many of the observed effects acted independently of LDL-C, HDL-C, and TG, supporting additional non-LDL-C avenues to disease prevention.
Bursting types and bifurcation analysis of the temperature-sensitive Purkinje neuron
Authors: Xing Miaomiao , Yang Zhuoqin , Chen Yong
Published: July 2022

The bursting discharge behaviour of neurons is affected by many factors, among which temperature is one of the more important factors. In this work, we investigated the bursting discharge behaviour and dynamics process of two different temperature-sensitive ion channels, the temperature-sensitive potassium current and the temperature-sensitive calcium current. In the case of the temperature-sensitive potassium current, the bursting discharge waveforms, codimension-1 bifurcations and trajectory plots at different temperatures indicate that five different types of bursting discharge (Hopf/Flip, Hopf/Homoclinic, Fold/Homoclinic, Fold/Fold Cycle, Circle/Big Homoclinic) appear with increasing temperature. In the case of temperature-sensitive calcium current, two distinct types of bursting discharge (Circle/Big Homoclinic, Fold/Fold Cycle) emerged. According to the bursting discharge waveforms, the rise in temperature will promote the generation of bursting discharge at the beginning, and finally, the bursting discharge phenomenon disappears. This is consistent with the experimental results that blocking potassium and calcium currents can promote the bursting of Purkinje neurons. Then, it can be seen from the codimension-2 bifurcation and the waveform area distribution diagrams that even if the dynamic paths are consistent, the bursting discharge types and the waveforms may be different. In contrast, even if the bursting discharge type is the same, the dynamic paths and the waveform may be different. These results provide insight into the effect of temperature on the neuronal dynamics and bursting behaviour of temperature-sensitive ion channels.