bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Radiative sky cooling: fundamental physics, materials, structures, and applications
Authors: Sun Xingshu , Sun Yubo , Zhou Zhiguang , Alam Muhammad Ashraful , Bermel Peter
Published: July 2017

Radiative sky cooling reduces the temperature of a system by promoting heat exchange with the sky; its key advantage is that no input energy is required. We will review the origins of radiative sky cooling from ancient times to the modern day, and illustrate how the fundamental physics of radiative cooling calls for a combination of properties that may not occur in bulk materials. A detailed comparison with recent modeling and experiments on nanophotonic structures will then illustrate the advantages of this recently emerging approach. Potential applications of these radiative cooling materials to a variety of temperature-sensitive optoelectronic devices, such as photovoltaics, thermophotovoltaics, rectennas, and infrared detectors, will then be discussed. This review will conclude by forecasting the prospects for the field as a whole in both terrestrial and space-based systems.
Crystal structure of 5-ethyl-2-(p-tolyl)-1,3-dioxane-5-carboxylic acid, C14H18O4
Authors: Jia Guo-Kai , Yuan Lin , Yuan Xian-You , Li Zhong-Yan
Published: August 2017

C14H18O4, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 10.763(6) Å, b = 5.941(4) Å, c = 20.310(12) Å, β = 92.238(6)°, V = 1297.7(13) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0484, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1351, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-1H-perimidin-3-ium iodide, C19H16ClIN2
Authors: Li Zhong-Yan , Yuan Lin , Yuan Xian-You , Zhang Min
Published: August 2017

C19H16ClIN2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 7.3359(11) Å, b = 18.424(3) Å, c = 12.8968(19) Å, β = 93.230(2)°, V = 1740.3(4) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0213, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0562, T = 296(2) K.
Comparison of performance of composite biomarkers of inflammatory response in determining the prognosis of breast cancer patients
Authors: Melichar Bohuslav , Vitásková Denisa , Bartoušková Marie , Javorská Lenka , Kujovská Krčmová Lenka , Pešková Eliška , Hyšpler Radomír , Solichová Dagmar , Hrůzová Klára , Študentová Hana
Published: August 2017

In the present study, we determined complex indices of inflammatory activity and compared the performance of these indices as prognostic biomarkers in a cohort of breast cancer patients. All proposed composite biomarkers could be evaluated in 418 out of 474 patients in the cohort with complete data on peripheral blood cell count, urinary neopterin, albumin and C-reactive protein. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, systemic inflammatory index, Glasgow prognostic index, modified Glasgow prognostic index, prognostic nutritional index and C-reactive protein/albumin ratio were calculated and further complex indices were proposed. Although a number of the investigated indices were significantly associated with survival in the univariate analysis, only age and stage, but none of the laboratory biomarkers or composite biomarkers, were significant predictors of survival in the whole group in the multivariate analysis. In patients evaluated before the start of the treatment, age, stage and urinary neopterin were significant predictors of survival. These results underscore the importance of neopterin as a prognostic biomarker in breast cancer.
Particularidades y contradicciones del cine Norteamericano en los inicios del Periodo Clásico / Particularities and contradictions on American film industry in the beginnings of the Classic Period
Authors: Hernández Rubio José
Published: August 2017

Los inicios del concebido como periodo “clásico” del cine norteamericano también se vieron sometidos, al igual que el resto de ámbitos sociales y culturales, al formidable cambio que experimentaría Estados Unidos al encarar la década de los años treinta. En ese agitado contexto de retraimiento obligado, la Gran Depresión, la industria del cine se vio severamente afectada por la crisis socioeconómica; pero de sobra conocido es que también, en ese periodo, se estaban favoreciendo unos nuevos métodos y formas de hacer cine que iban a lograr un éxito descomunal, con enorme influencia en la producción del resto del mundo. Es precisamente la intención de este estudio indagar en las particularidades del primer cine clásico norteamericano, derivadas de abiertas contradicciones casi inexplicables, que no obstante tuvieron como respuesta el auge y consolidación del séptimo arte, llegando hasta nuestros días. Para dicho trabajo me he basado en los comentarios de varios críticos, economistas e historiadores de gran reconocimiento, así como de otros estudiosos menos conocidos. Igualmente, varias películas realizadas en aquellos momentos me han ilustrado certeramente sobre la realidad del país. Todos han aportado unas nociones específicas y muy valiosas que confirman el resultado final de grandiosidad e influencia de la industria del cine, a pesar de la coyuntura especial de Estados Unidos en la época.
Inteligencia emocional y educación universitaria: una aproximación / Emotional intelligence and higher education: a closer view
Authors: Niño González José Ignacio , García García Enrique , Caldevilla Domínguez David
Published: August 2017

Se busca establecer la importancia y atención que se presta actualmente a la educación emocional en las instituciones superiores: su valor para la vida y formación de los alumnos y para su éxito personal y profesional, así como el esfuerzo que se ha estado haciendo en las instituciones educativas para potenciar este juego de competencias. Igualmente nos interesa la percepción de las habilidades sociales de estos por parte de los agentes académicos y laborales. Antes de todo ello, determinaremos el origen de la inteligencia emocional como concepto y la evolución de la percepción académica de inteligencia, desde los tiempos en que lo determinaba el dominio de materias académicas, hasta los test de CI y la inteligencia emocional. De esta manera podremos comprobar cuáles han sido los criterios empleados para medir el intelecto humano y compararlos entre sí para poder preguntarnos de manera efectiva por el grado de validez de nuestras propias ideas actuales en la materia. Al tener una idea más clara de los esfuerzos que global e históricamente se han hecho en este campo, tendremos una mejor posición desde la cual juzgar la calidad y cantidad de esfuerzo destinado tanto a la medición de la capacidad intelectual como de la capacidad de interacción
Formación del profesorado en cuestiones de género / Teacher Training on Gender Issues
Authors: Gómez Jarabo Inmaculada , Sánchez Delgado Primitivo
Published: August 2017

Se han conseguido muchos avances. Sin embargo, la mujer todavía está lejos de lograr una igualdad real con el hombre y, en algunos casos, sigue siendo objeto de agresiones físicas, psicológicas, verbales, sexuales… que, en ocasiones, tienen su origen en las ideas que histórica y culturalmente han sido transmitidas de generación en generación. En algunos sectores sociales es habitual la creencia de que la violencia de género no afecta a la infancia y la juventud, pero las últimas investigaciones muestran una situación diferente: los centros escolares son el escenario de los primeros abusos de género. La labor del profesorado es esencial en la detección y tratamiento de la violencia, la mejora de la convivencia escolar y la formación y sensibilización en cuestiones de género. La investigación que se presenta en este artículo pretende desvelar si el profesorado está preparado para ello y si la formación del profesorado tiene en cuenta esos aspectos. Aquí se muestran algunos resultados relevantes de una investigación sobre la “formación del profesorado para el tratamiento educativo de los conflictos sobre diversidad cultural y de género”, en la que se utilizó una metodología mixta de investigación. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto que existen carencias importantes en la formación del profesorado en relación a cuestiones de género,  convivencia entre sexos, gestión de conflictos y violencia.
From Memory Making to Money Making?
Authors: Nishino Ryota
Published: August 2017

Of the numerous commercially published Japanese travelogues about the southwestern Pacific Islands, five stand out for their detailed accounts of interactions between the travel writers and the Pacific Islanders. This article explores the common narrative threads in these works. Drawing on the literature on travel writing and dark tourism, it analyzes how the relationship between travelers and the Islanders has evolved over time. The early writers report disturbing encounters with Islanders for whom memories of World War II’s Pacific battles were still vivid. The later writers exhibit greater expectations as patrons of battlefield tourism. Their writing displays less interest in a meaningful cultural exchange with the Islanders. This trend may parallel the asymmetry of political and economic power between Japan and the Pacific Islands.
Impact of the underlying etiology of growth hormone deficiency on serum IGF-I SDS levels during GH treatment in children
Authors: Léger Juliane , Mohamed Damir , Dos Santos Sophie , Ben Azoun Myriam , Zénaty Delphine , Simon Dominique , Paulsen Anne , Martinerie Laetitia , Chevenne Didier , Alberti Corinne , Carel Jean-Claude , Guilmin-Crepon Sophie
Published: August 2017

Context

Regular monitoring of serum IGF-I levels during growth hormone (GH) therapy has been recommended, for assessing treatment compliance and safety.

Objective

To investigate serum IGF-I SDS levels during GH treatment in children with GH deficiency, and to identify potential determinants of these levels.

Design, patients and methods

This observational cohort study included all patients (n = 308) with childhood-onset non-acquired or acquired GH deficiency (GHD) included in the database of a single academic pediatric care center over a period of 10 years for whom at least one serum IGF-I SDS determination during GH treatment was available. These determinations had to have been carried out centrally, with the same immunoradiometric assay. Serum IGF-I SDS levels were determined as a function of sex, age and pubertal stage, according to our published normative data.

Results

Over a median of 4.0 (2–5.8) years of GH treatment per patient, 995 serum IGF-I SDS determinations were recorded. In addition to BMI SDS, height SDS and GH dose (P < 0.01), etiological group (P < 0.01) had a significant effect on serum IGF-I SDS levels, with patients suffering from acquired GHD having higher serum IGF-I SDS levels than those with non-acquired GHD, whereas sex, age, pubertal stage, treatment duration, hormonal status (isolated GHD (IGHD) vs multiple pituitary hormone deficiency (MPHD)) and initial severity of GHD, had no effect.

Conclusions

These original findings have important clinical implications for long-term management and highlight the need for careful and appropriate monitoring of serum IGF-I SDS and GH dose, particularly in patients with acquired GHD, to prevent the unnecessary impact of potential comorbid conditions.
Selection During Maize Domestication Targeted a Gene Network Controlling Plant and Inflorescence Architecture
Authors: Studer Anthony J , Wang Huai , Doebley John F
Published: July 2017

Selection during evolution, whether natural or artificial, is evidenced through the phenotype. For complex phenotypes like plant and inflorescence.....

Selection during evolution, whether natural or artificial, acts through the phenotype. For multifaceted phenotypes such as plant and inflorescence architecture, the underlying genetic architecture is comprised of a complex network of interacting genes rather than single genes that act independently to determine the trait. As such, selection acts on entire gene networks. Here, we begin to define the genetic regulatory network to which the maize domestication gene, teosinte branched1 (tb1), belongs. Using a combination of molecular methods to uncover either direct or indirect regulatory interactions, we identified a set of genes that lie downstream of tb1 in a gene network regulating both plant and inflorescence architecture. Additional genes, known from the literature, also act in this network. We observed that tb1 regulates both core cell cycle genes and another maize domestication gene, teosinte glume architecture1 (tga1). We show that several members of the MADS-box gene family are either directly or indirectly regulated by tb1 and/or tga1, and that tb1 sits atop a cascade of transcriptional regulators controlling both plant and inflorescence architecture. Multiple members of the tb1 network appear to have been the targets of selection during maize domestication. Knowledge of the regulatory hierarchies controlling traits is central to understanding how new morphologies evolve.
Significant Synteny and Colocalization of Ecologically Relevant Quantitative Trait Loci Within and Across Species of Salmonid Fishes
Authors: Jacobs Arne , Womack Robyn , Chen Mel , Gharbi Karim , Elmer Kathryn R
Published: August 2017

The organization of functional regions within genomes has important implications for evolutionary potential. Considerable research effort has gone toward identifying the genomic basis of phenotypic traits of interest through quantitative trait loci (QTL) analyses. Less research has assessed the arrangement of QTL in the genome within and across species. To investigate the distribution, extent of colocalization, and the synteny of QTL for ecologically relevant traits, we used a comparative genomic mapping approach within and across a range of salmonid species. We compiled 943 QTL from all available species [lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis), coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch), rainbow trout (O. mykiss), Chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha), Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), and Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus)]. We developed a novel analytical framework for mapping and testing the distribution of these QTL. We found no correlation between QTL density and gene density at the chromosome level but did at the fine-scale. Two chromosomes were significantly enriched for QTL. We found multiple synteny blocks for morphological, life history, and physiological traits across species, but only morphology and physiology had significantly more than expected. Two or three pairs of traits were significantly colocalized in three species (lake whitefish, coho salmon, and rainbow trout). Colocalization and fine-scale synteny suggest genetic linkage between traits within species and a conserved genetic basis across species. However, this pattern was weak overall, with colocalization and synteny being relatively rare. These findings advance our understanding of the role of genomic organization in the renowned ecological and phenotypic variability of salmonid fishes.
Efecto de la Adición de Chía sobre las Características Sensoriales, Físico-Químicas y Rendimiento de la Mortadela
Authors: Baño Ayala Darío , Mejía López Ana , Rodas Espinoza Sonia
Published: August 2017

Los productos cárnicos cocidos tienen un déficit de fibra, el objetivo principal es investigar efectos nutricionales y económicos al sustituir fécula por harina de chía en la mortadela, obteniéndose un aporte en base seca “chía” de 23,79% proteínas, 38,47% fibra cruda, 28,96% grasa bruta, 3,28% hidratos de carbono y 5,50% cenizas, demostrando que la chía es un alimento completo y balanceado. Para la elaboración se ensayó varias dosificaciones, siendo la de mayor significancia T3 que adiciona un 5% de harina de chía, generando los siguientes resultados: 33,71% en proteínas, 5,27% en fibra cruda, 52,59% en grasa bruta, 0,02% en hidratos de carbono y 8,41% en cenizas, se destacó la fibra cruda que se incrementó desde 0,07 presente en el testigo a 5,27 en el tratamiento T3. La aceptación fue la de menor concentración por su color, por ello se adiciono 0,5 ml de rojo carmín por kilogramo obteniendo una coloración semejante a la mortadela de las marcas locales Piggis y La Ibérica.
Prototipo automatizado para el llenado y tapado de botellas de plástico
Authors: Velásquez Costa José , Gonzales Prado Juber
Published: August 2017

El presente artículo describe la implementación de un prototipo automatizado para el llenado y tapado de botellas de plástico, con la finalidad de incrementar el nivel de calidad de los productos así como la productividad en el envasado de las botellas. El prototipo ha sido desarrollado con actuadores neumáticos, sensores, electroválvulas, solenoides, motores y un controlador lógico programable (PLC S7-1200) así como también una rueda de ginebra para que este pueda controlar el proceso de manera automática, reduciendo los cuellos de botella y permitiendo un llenado uniforme. Para la implementación del proyecto, la parte mecánica se conectó con la parte neumática y eléctrica.
Sistema de Medios de Enseñanza Tecnológicos de Neumática y Automatización para Ingenieros
Authors: Villacres Cevallos Edison , Cabrera Vallejo Mario , Salazar Yepez Wilfrido
Published: August 2017

El vertiginoso avance de la ciencia y tecnología han facilitado la automatización de procesos productivos, motivando a que el sector industrial demande de profesionales técnicos con sólidos conocimientos en esta área. Este trabajo presenta un sistema de medios tecnológicos para la enseñanza y desarrollo de habilidades en el área de neumática y automatización. El sistema de medios consiste en tres fases categorizadas en temas, cada una de las cuales utiliza software de diseño y simulación, equipos didácticos y soporte en entornos virtuales de aprendizaje, que guían al estudiante desde los conocimientos básicos del principio de la neumática hasta el desarrollo de procesos automatizados. Este sistema de medios de enseñanza tecnológica se fundamenta en la acción, la experiencia, el grupo de trabajo y las aplicaciones prácticas, es decir aprender haciendo. Como resultado, se ha logrado mejorar el interés y motivación de los estudiantes hacia la neumática, la automatización y la formación de habilidades que le facilitan su inserción en el mercado laboral en esta importante área del sector industrial.
Impacto de la ISO 9001:2008 en la Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo- Ecuador como Parte del Sistema de Gestión de Calidad
Authors: Salazar Yépez Wilfrido , Cabrera Vallejo Mario , Villacres Cevallos Edison
Published: August 2017

El propósito de este artículo es determinar el impacto que tiene la norma ISO 9001: 2008 en el sistema de gestión de la calidad en la Facultad de Ingeniería en la Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo- Ecuador. Esta investigación es el resultado de un trabajo de campo, en donde se realizó un análisis de la información recolectada, a través de encuestas validadas por medio del alfa de Cronbach. La muestra es de 200 estudiantes, con un nivel de significación del 95%, las mismas fueron aplicadas a los estudiantes de manera aleatoria, los resultados muestran que el impacto es bueno.
La Amazonia en el quehacer del Seminario de Historia Rural Andina (1977-2015)
Authors: Soria Casaverde María Belén
Published: August 2017

Este artículo tiene por objeto hacer un balance de la producción historiográfica y artística sobre la región de la Amazonia peruana emprendida por el Seminario de Historia Rural Andina (SHRA) en estos cincuenta años. Al respecto, se tomará en consideración los criterios teóricos y metodológicos que dirigieron el rescate del patrimonio histórico documental (manuscritos e impresos), oral (testimonios y relatos) y de arte nativo (pintura y tallados), que permitieron construir la “otra historia” desde la perspectiva de la identidad, transculturalidad y alteridad, recogiendo la mirada de los pueblos amazónicos y cómo estos materializan el mundo espiritual a través del arte. Basados en el curso seguido por la producción historiográfica del SHRA en el período 1977-2015, se ha dividido el trabajo en dos períodos: el primero, centrado en la historia de la colonización mestiza, y el segundo, abocado al rescate de la tradición oral. Ambos períodos no son excluyentes sino complementarios y manifiestan la vocación integradora del trabajo historiográfico del SHRA.

The Amazonian cultural area: The scientific contribution of the Seminario de Historia Rural Andina (1977-2015)

ABSTRACT:

This article presents a review of the historiographical and artistic studies on the Peruvian Amazonian area since the decade of 1970. In order to rescue and study documentary data (manuscripts and printings), oral history information (personal testimonies, oral history), and native art (paintings and carvings) specific theoretical and methodological criteria have been applied so that the “other´s history” could be understood better. Analytical approaches concerning Identity, transcultural aspects, and otherness, attempt to recover Amazonian people’s vision and its expression through art. The discussion is presented in two periods: first, mestizo colonization history and second, rescue of oral traditions. However, they sometimes overlap.

Keywords: Peru; Amazonian Historiography; Oral History; Amazonian Art; Interculturality; Seminar of Andean Rural History.
Alejandro Salinas Sánchez, La época del “pan grande” Billinghurst presidente 1912-1914
Authors: Saravia Salazar Javier Iván
Published: August 2017

El historiador económico e investigador del Instituto Seminario de Historia Rural Andina Alejandro Salinas Sánchez nos presenta el que quizás sea el mejor trabajo histórico sobre el gobierno de Guillermo E. Billinghurst hasta la fecha. La época del “pan grande” Billinghurst presidente 1912-1914 tiene el gran mérito de hacer un recorrido histórico, político y periodístico sobre la llegada al poder y posterior caída de dicho mandatario. El período gubernativo de Billinghurst no ha sido lo suficientemente estudiado pese a que se le reconoce como importante en el desarrollo político de nuestro país. Entre otras cosas, por el ser un punto de quiebre del poder civilista de la oligarquía, ser un despertar de la movilización social organizada, y constituir el “primer proyecto populista” no solo del país sino de la región.
Determinant of The Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure
Authors: Sunarsih Uun , Nurhikmah N.
Published: August 2017

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has a very important role for the company and now become an obligation for every company. The purpose of this study examined the effect of institutional ownership, board of commissioners, profitability and size on CSR disclosure. This research conducted at mining manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange period 2013-2014 and obtained 76 sample companies. The method used is multiple regression analysis. The result showed only institutional ownership affecting CSR disclosure. This suggests institutional ownership structure can act in monitoring the company. Independent board has not effected on CSR, it failed to monitor the actions of top management. Profitability has not effected on the disclosure of CSR, it enabled the company to have two perspectives on CSR. The most companies view CSR as a deduction from earnings. CSR disclosure has not affect the size of the CSR disclosure area.DOI: 10.15408/etk.v16i2.5236
Enterprise Risk Management Implementation Maturity in Non Bank and Financial Companies
Authors: Tjahjono Subagio
Published: August 2017

Previous studies of ERM implementation mostly using dummy variable to figure out relation with its determinant. Until today, studies that using risk management maturity as real variable are limited. Therefore, this study intends to determine the maturity level of ERM implementation in non-financial companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange during period 2015 and influence of firm’s total assets, total employee, leverage and public ownership to the ERM maturity. The method use are qualitative and multiple regression analysis. The result of data analysis showed that ERM implementation in selected sample during 2015 are still low (majority in initial and repeatable level). In addition, from determinant factors only total asset that have significant influence to the ERM maturity. This result implies that non-financial listed companies are vulnerable to risks. Management should consider future benefit of a mature ERM, not only to comply with regulation.DOI: 10.15408/etk.v16i2.5440
Relationship between Service Quality and Behavioral Intentions: The Mediating Effect of Customer Satisfaction
Authors: Ismail Azman , Rose Ilyani Ranian , Tudin Rabaah , Dawi Norazryana Mat
Published: August 2017

This study was undertaken to measure the relationship between service quality, customer satisfaction and behavioral intentions. A survey method was employed to collect data from customers who received treatments at army medical organizations in Malaysia. The outcomes of Smart-PLS path model analysis confirmed that relationship between service qualities features (tangible, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy) with customer satisfaction were positively and significantly correlated with behavioral intentions. This result demonstrates that effect of tangible, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy on behavioral intentions was mediated by customer satisfaction.DOI: 10.15408/etk.v16i2.5537
Interpretation Modalities Used on Family-Centered Rounds: Perspectives of Spanish-Speaking Families
Authors: Anttila Ashley , Rappaport David I. , Tijerino Johan , Zaman Nusrat , Sharif Iman
Published: August 2017

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Limited-English–proficient (LEP) patients and families are at risk for worse hospital outcomes due to impaired communication. Family-centered rounds (FCR) have become the preferred format for information sharing among providers and families at pediatric institutions. However, there are limited data on FCR among LEP families, particularly regarding interpretation type. We sought to examine the relationships between interpretation type and FCR satisfaction and efficacy among Spanish-speaking families, the fastest growing LEP population in pediatric hospitals.

METHODS:

Spanish speakers admitted to general pediatrics units over a period of 16 months were identified on admission. A bilingual research assistant observed FCR and completed an observation tool, including interpreter type. After FCR, the research assistant interviewed families, collecting parent demographics, FCR experience, and interpreter satisfaction. Associations between interpretation type and satisfaction as well as interpretation type and understanding were tested by using χ2 analyses.

RESULTS:

We studied 124 families over 16 months. Most respondents were patients’ mothers (84%), born in Mexico (76%), had grade school education (56%), and spoke limited English (96%). Overall, 83 (73%) reported the interpreter services improved their understanding of their child’s medical condition. Interpreter type was significantly associated with family satisfaction with FCR; specifically, an in-person hospital interpreter or video interpreter was associated with complete caregiver satisfaction (P = .005).

CONCLUSIONS:

Spanish speakers report higher satisfaction with face-to-face interpreters during FCR, including in-person and video, compared with telephonic interpreters. Video interpretation via iPad during FCR may be a valuable and accessible approach to improve communication in the care of hospitalized children.
A (não) cobertura dos riscos ambientais: debate sobre silenciamentos do jornalismo
Authors: Beling Loose Eloisa , Camana Ângela , Villar Belmonte Roberto
Published: August 2017

Este artigo propõe um debate a respeito do papel do jornalismo no que tange dar visibilidade aos riscos ambientais, ainda que se saiba das dificuldades encontradas na cultura jornalística a respeito do tratamento preventivo dos assuntos. A partir da perspectiva da percepção de riscos, reforça-se a ideia de que o jornalismo participa como um dos fatores que podem gerar ação frente às questões ambientais em razão de seu poder amplificador ou, pelo contrário, contribuir para a não compreensão dos riscos, quando os ignora. Após revisão de literatura e discussão a partir de casos de cobertura sobre riscos ambientais, verifica-se que há muitos silenciamentos no jornalismo. Dentre as considerações, aponta-se que os próprios valores que guiam a construção da notícia impedem a emergência de um jornalismo comprometido com a percepção dos riscos, fato este que – por sua vez – dificulta o enfrentamento dos mesmos. Logo, argumenta-se que as mudanças da sociedade devem implicar também em transformações das lógicas jornalísticas.
Pensar o universo natural a partir dos regimes da imagem. O pensamento de Gilbert Durand
Authors: Houdayer Hélène
Published: August 2017

Propomos uma leitura do ambiente natural e físico a partir do pensamento de Gilbert Durand. O imaginário da natureza conduz à mobilização dos afetos que podem ser considerados como signos da nossa maneira de ser no mundo. É a ocasião de refletir sobre o sentido dado ao termo de meio ambiente. Uma nova postura de pesquisa deve ser igualmente reconstituída, pois não se trata unicamente de descrever as relações com a natureza, mas inventar (ou reinventar) novos tipos de negociação nas relações sociedade-natureza.
Family factors in adolescent problematic Internet gaming: A systematic review
Authors: Schneider Luke A. , King Daniel L. , Delfabbro Paul H.
Published: August 2017

Background and aims

Familial influences are known to affect the likelihood of an adolescent becoming a problem gamer. This systematic review examined some of the key findings in empirical research on family factors related to adolescent problem gaming.

Methods

A total of 14 studies in the past decade were evaluated. Family-related variables included: (a) parent status (e.g., socioeconomic status and mental health), (b) parent–child relationship (e.g., warmth, conflict, and abuse), (c) parental influence on gaming (e.g., supervision of gaming, modeling, and attitudes toward gaming), and (d) family environment (e.g., household composition).

Results

The majority of studies have focused on parent–child relationships, reporting that poorer quality relationships are associated with increased severity of problem gaming. The paternal relationship may be protective against problem gaming; therefore, prevention programs should leverage the support of cooperative fathers.

Discussion

The intergenerational effects of problem gaming require further attention, in light of adult gamers raising their children in a gaming-centric environment. Research has been limited by a reliance on adolescent self-report to understand family dynamics, without gathering corroborating information from parents and other family members. The very high rates of problem gaming (>10%) reported in general population samples raise concerns about the validity of current screening tools.

Conclusions

Interventions for adolescents may be more effective in some cases if they can address familial influences on problem gaming with the active co-participation of parents, rather than enrolling vulnerable adolescents in individual-based training or temporarily isolating adolescents from the family system.
Criteria for topdressing nitrogen application to common bean using chlorophyll meter
Authors: Maia Suelen Cristina Mendonça , Soratto Rogério Peres , Liebe Suzane Maria , Almeida Adriana Queiroz de
Published: July 2017

Abstract: The objective of this work was to establish the diagnostic leaf and the nitrogen sufficiency index (NSI) values most appropriate to estimate N requirement by the 'Pérola' common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), based on chlorophyll meter monitoring. The diagnostic leaf was defined in an experiment with five N rates, and up to four sampling dates of the diagnostic leaves were evaluated (first, second, and third completely expanded leaves from the apex). The NSI was established in two crop seasons, under six N managements: M1, 40 kg ha-1 N at sowing + 80 kg ha-1 10 days after emergence (DAE) + 80 kg ha-1 20 DAE (reference rate); M2, 20 kg ha-1 at sowing + 40 kg ha-1 10 DAE + 40 kg ha-1 20 DAE (recommended rate); M3, 20 kg ha-1 at sowing + 30 kg ha-1 when NSI<96%; M4, 20 kg ha-1 at sowing + 30 kg ha-1 when NSI<93%; M5, 20 kg ha-1 N at sowing + 30 kg ha-1 when NSI<90%; and M6, without N application. The relative chlorophyll index readings on the second fully expanded leaf, at 21 DAE, and on the third leaf, at 28 and 35 DAE, are more precise to estimate the requirement of N by common bean. The NSI of 90% is more effective than the NSI of 93 or 96% for defining the moment for N topdressing application.
Reliability index and parameter importance for bridge traffic loading definition changes
Authors: Hanley Ciarán , Frangopol Dan M. , Kelliher Denis , Pakrashi Vikram
Published: August 2017

With the continued evolution of traffic loading specifications, safety classifications of bridge structures are subject to change, independent of the actual condition of the structures at that point in time. As investment decisions are often based on these safety classifications, a reclassification of safety level due to changing of traffic load definitions can lead to misinterpretation of the actual state of the structure, and thus lead to a misallocation of resources. Should a reclassification of safety occur after a change in traffic load specification, the question as to whether modern design codes are producing more or less robust bridges than previous design codes is raised. To investigate this, three bridge structures were assessed for evolving definitions of traffic load. Using deterministic and probabilistic methods, critical limit states were assessed and the associated reliability indices and parametric sensitivity factors were determined and compared across various code specifications. This comparison allowed for an evaluation of how the evolution of traffic load over time influences the computed safety of bridge structures.
Low-temperature bleaching of cotton fabric by activated peroxide system
Authors: Inamdar Umarsharif Y , Pervez Md Nahid , Navik Rahul G , Peng Xiongyi , Cai Yingjie
Published: August 2017

Bleaching of cellulose material with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is carried out, in general, beneath alkaline stipulations at excessive temperature, which ends up in bigger energy consumption and fibre damage. This study was designed to achieve bleaching of cotton material at low temperature by utilising potassium persulfate (K2S2O8), which is a catalyst of hydrogen peroxide decomposition, to improve the traditional procedure. The variables affecting bleaching effects were investigated; the bleaching temperature was confirmed to have the greatest influence on activated bleaching, and the elevated temperature used was accompanied by tremendous improvement in whiteness. The whiteness index of the fabric bleached at low temperature was lower than that of fabric bleached at high temperature, but the tensile strength and weight loss were a lot better for the material bleached at low temperature. Subsequent Fourier transform infrared analysis indicated that the potassium persulfate/hydrogen peroxide bleaching system decreased carbonyl groups better than traditional bleaching did, leading to greater bleaching efficiency and final brightness. Bleaching by potassium persulfate/hydrogen peroxide resulted in stronger oxidation than by hydrogen peroxide bleaching. By calculating through a theoretical energy consumption analysis, it was found that the low-temperature process required 1·96 times lower energy than that for the traditional procedure.
A cidade, seus espaços, narrativas e o morador de rua: entre o miserável e o flâneur
Authors: Bedran Laura Martini , Dantas Lucas Eduardo
Published: August 2017

Este artigo trata de urbanidades, subjetividades e conflitos gerados na cidade moderna e que se mantêm entrelaçados ao ambiente urbano contemporâneo. Para tal, o morador de rua é destacado na narrativa que busca refletir sobre sua invisibilidade perante a sociedade, o estado e a mídia ao ocupar os espaços esquecidos ou não reconhecidos como espaços ativos da cidade. Como um personagem do urbano, o morador de rua situa-se entre o miserável de Victor Hugo e o Flâneur de Baudelaire.
As fronteiras do fático e do ficcional nas crônicas de Luiz Ruffato no El País
Authors: Thomé Cláudia Albuquerque , Rodrigues Michele Pereira
Published: August 2017

A crônica, que transita entre os campos da literatura e do jornalismo, pode ser reconhecida como gênero argumentativo que tem por objetivo seduzir e envolver o leitor para atingir as intencionalidades do autor, ou do veículo para o qual ele escreve. Neste artigo, o objetivo é investigar as fronteiras entre fático e ficcional nas crônicas de Luiz Ruffato para o El País, a partir de aspectos autobiográficos apontados nos textos selecionados. A metodologia adotada é a análise crítica da narrativa.
Revisita ao repertório de Dorival Caymmi
Authors: Rodrigues Marcos Brito
Published: August 2017

Esta resenha se propõe a apresentar o livro do pesquisador Marielson Carvalho, cuja pesquisa traz uma abordagem inédita sobre a produção do compositor Dorival Caymmi. A publicação analisa o perfil dos personagens fontes de inspiração e a presença negra no repertório musical da Bahia produzida por Caymmi a partir da terceira década do século XX. Uma narrativa que fala das vivências do compositor com o povo da terra onde nasceu e tenta explicar as razões e os sentimentos expressos nas canções selecionadas.
Practical Research on Classroom Strategies in the Grading Teaching Model
Authors: Peng Liu , Deng Xianjie , Xie Fang
Published: August 2017

In response to newly-implemented grading model of teaching in our university, frontline teachers like me are supposed to try out new strategies in classroom teaching. Inspired by previous research on language learning strategies and second language classroom acquisition, the present article shares a teacher’s first-hand teaching experience in actual classroom activity in the expectation to throw out a brick to get gem. Ideally students at different levels of English are placed in different classes for greater efficiency in teaching and learning. But the truth is not that simple in reality. Good or bad effects walk along. Sincerely expect more teachers to contribute generously and further promote the reformation to the better.
Teachers’ Role in Dealing with Errors in Students’ Second Language Learning
Authors: Zuo Wei
Published: August 2017

Methods applied to improve learners’ achievements in learning process have aroused public attention in second language education. Error correction is what both teachers and learners often focus on, and most of them over emphasized the importance of corrective feedback, which leads to a lack of confidence in learners to tap their capacity in using the new language. Therefore, this paper discusses the effective way to deal with learners’ errors in second language learning process. A switch from the emphasis on the correct form of language to the way to improve learners’ learning ability is investigated in a second language class with instructions of how to apply new knowledge properly in practice being introduced in Group Work activities. Grading in Learners wring and oral exams analyzed by SPSS shows an advancement as well as the improved learning confidence. Some effective teaching methods and the positive effects from the results of a quantitative research on second language learners are explored in this paper, which are of great use in a second language class as well as some relative researches.
A Contrastive Study of the Use of Politeness Strategies in Disagreement among Characters with Different Power Relations in English and Farsi Novels
Authors: Farrokhi Farahman , Arghami Mina
Published: August 2017

In order to communicate properly in a language, it is essential to understand how the meaning, not just the physical words and grammatical rules, are conveyed in that language by learning its pragmatic rules. One way of achieving this is to study the use of speech acts in that particular language and the strategies used to keep the conversations as harmonious and conflict-avoiding as possible. The present study using a mixed-method design, tries to investigate the use of face saving strategies proposed by Brown and Levinson (1987), among the interlocutors with different power relations when using the speech act of disagreement, in English and Farsi novels. This speech act is applied differently with addressee's of different power status, being more indirect as the power status of the addressee gets higher than that of the speaker. Five English novels written by English authors were compared with five novels written by Iranian authors to detect the contexts in which the characters use the speech act of disagreement and employ politeness strategies to soften its threatening effects. To analyze different types of disagreement, the taxonomy proposed by Rees-Miller (2000) was employed. The frequency of their use by the characters and their percentages were manually calculated. The findings showed that in contrast to their different cultures, the interlocutors of the two languages performed almost equally when using this speech act and the differences were mostly in employment of politeness strategies. The results will probably lead to some understandings about pragmatic rules governing the two languages.
A Qualitative Study of the Perceptions of Iranian EFL Learners’ Attitudes towards CMC Tools Usefulness
Authors: Mehri Sanam , Izadpanah Siros
Published: August 2017

This project examined the perceptions of Iranian EFL learners’ attitudes towards online computer-mediated communication tools usefulness. Few researches have been done to evaluate student perceptions of the helpfulness of CMC tools in online learning. In this regard, based on convenient sampling method, 60 English Language Teaching students (B.A) of Zanjan Azad University were selected. The students attended in two classes that were held by two different instructors. To homogenize the participants, PET was administered. Those participants whose scores was ±1 above and below the standard deviation were selected as the statistical sample (n= 60). Then, the selected participants were randomly assigned to one experimental (n= 30) and one control group (n= 30).The Community of Inquiry (CoI) questionnaire was distributed among the participants in groups before the treatment. During the study, the experimental group was taught using e-mail and telegram chat. In the control group, the learners were taught through traditional way of teaching. At the end of the treatment, the CoI questionnaire was re-administered among the learners in the both groups. Responses before and after the treatment revealed that the perceptions’ of the learners in the experimental group were significantly influenced as a result of instructing by e-mail and telegram.
Research on the Influence of Internet on Extracurricular Learning and Life of English Major College Students
Authors: Yang Yi , Qi Tianquan
Published: August 2017

Informatization is one of the most important characteristics of the current era, Internet (including mobile Internet, called network for short in this paper) is an important medium of information dissemination, and its rapid development speed and penetration rate make the classroom life and extracurricular life of contemporary English major college students inseparable from network. Through the online questionnaire and field research for the influence of network on the extracurricular learning and life of English major college students in some universities in Chengdu, Leshan, Mianyang, Nanchong, and other regions in Sichuan, this paper makes a thorough analysis on the problems found, probes into the influence of network on the extracurricular study and life of English major college students and the consequence, and discusses how to use network to guide, serve and manage the extracurricular learning and life of English major college students.
Thyroid Gland Volume Measured by Ultasound in Different Age Groups in Sulaimani Population
Authors: Faraj Faruk , Saeed Kamal , Muhammad Dler
Published: August 2017

The main objective of this study is to describe thyroid volume measured by ultrasonography in different gender and age groups in the Sulaimani population. In this cross-sectional study, two hundred subjects aged three to seventy five years with healthy thyroids were studied. The sample consisted of five age groups with twenty females and twenty males in each group.  Information was collected on age, sex, body height, neck length, neck circumference, and thyroid volume measured by sonography. The results of this study show strong correlations between chronological age, neck circumference, and body length. Sex does not significantly affect the thyroid volume.
Determination of Sulphate in Water by Die Technique and the Detection of Ca+2 and Mg+2 in their Mixture
Authors: Najib Fadhil , Abdulla Ahmad , Zewar Sardir
Published: August 2017

The new thermometric sensor developed in this laboratory (Talanta-2007,71(l),141-148) has Beenapplied here for the determination of sulphate ion in water samples.A (20 ml) aliquot of standard ornatural watersampleacidified with (1 ml)of (lMHCl)isplaced inthe thermometric cell. The cellis covered with the press-on lid, so that the sensor is completely covered by the liquid. Thevertical stirrer is placed down the cell and stirred, When the thermal equilibrium is recorded, (0.5 ml)of (1.5M) barium acetate solution is injected rapidly by a syringe. The output signal is recordedand measured as a peak height during (30 sec.) Following the injection, and also read from the digitalavometer, The calibration curve is drawn between (AmV) or (AT) vs. (ppm) sulphate. It was linear intle range (10 - 110) ppm sulphate with 12 = 0.9991. The method was used for the determination ofsulphate in different samples of water containing between 21 - 430 ppm with precision better than 5o4and gave no significant difference when compared with a reference method at 95oh confidence limit(DOF = 6) using t-test of paired comparison. In this paper another successful test of the sensor wasperformed to evaluate its response fbr a mixture of Caz- and Mg2* ions.
Intraframe Compression Using Lifting Scheme Wavelet-Based Transformation (9/7-Tap Filter)
Authors: Mhammad Aree
Published: August 2017

Image compression is now essential for applications such as transmission and storage in data bases.

This paper proposes a new scheme for image compression; this new method involves two steps. First, we

use a lifting scheme wavelet-based transform. Second, we develop a modified entropy coding algorithm. We

show how block subband coding leads to increase the compression factor with preserving the quality. The

main objective of this work is to encode the intra-frame in a video sequences.
Secure Client- Server Based Remote Process Control
Authors: Hussain Mohamed , El-Mukhtar Mumtaz , Ali Wrya
Published: August 2017

Internet based process control has been in the focus in the past years due to the wide horizons it opens to

the industry field, office and home automation. Simplicity (in hardware, software and the required resources)

in any system is an asset to have. Especially, in our region in which we lack hardware and software company

dealers and a lot of automation resources. It is best to depend on free software as far as is possible in

addition to on simple easy repairable systems. In this research a hardware interface circuit and a software

system has been designed to control the temperature and level of a liquid tank (water has been considered in

our case study). The main advantage of the designed interface circuit is its simplicity and low cost. The same

can be true for the software system in which we used Java servlet to accomplish the communication task. Java

servlets have many advantages over the Common Gateway Interface (CGI) based methods used previously

that has common problems of speed and data persistence. In security aspects a password has been added to

all control action commands to secure our process control tasks. In addition to the security introduced by

using Dynamic Domain Naming System (DYNDNS) servers that allows the use of dynamic Internet Protocols

(IP) for accessing information on the Internet. The designed hardware and software systems could be used for

remote or local control with no amendment and for both manual and automatic control. The system could be

used with no need to have a public IP for both client and server.