bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La participación empresarial en crímenes internacionales: Una propuesta para ampliar el ámbito subjetivo del Estatuto de Roma
Authors: Ayala González Alejandro
Published: February 2024

En el presente artículo se plantea la posibilidad de ampliar el ámbito subjetivo del Estatuto de Roma para incluir a las personas jurídicas (empresariales) como responsables por su participación en la comisión de crímenes internacionales. Con este fin, se examinan los precedentes del Derecho Penal Internacional para demostrar la viabilidad de inculpar criminalmente a dichas entidades en el marco internacional. Posteriormente se presenta un modelo de imputación de las personas jurídicas empresariales basado en la teoría del defecto de organización y homologable al modelo de responsabilidad del superior. Asimismo, se analizan las formas idóneas de participación mediante las cuales las corporaciones pueden contribuir a la comisión de crímenes internacionales. Finalmente, se estudia la posibilidad técnica de ampliar la competencia ratione personae de la Corte Penal Internacional.
Luces y sombras del copago en el sistema para la autonomía y atención a la dependencia
Authors: Ayala González Eduardo
Published: February 2024

Los servicios públicos esenciales, tradicionalmente, han sido financiados a través de impuestos. Sin embargo, en los últimos años, un nuevo concepto tributario ha surgido en nuestro país: el copago. La crisis del Estado de bienestar ha hecho que el gobierno saliera en busca de nuevos mecanismos de financiación para tratar de mantener los Presupuesto Generales equilibrados con graves consecuencias para aquellos que son más vulnerables: las personas dependientes.  Este trabajo tiene el objetivo de estudiar los problemas que desde un punto de vista jurídico ha suscitado el establecimiento del copago en los servicios de Sistema para la Autonomía y Atención a la Dependencia (SAAD).
Cuando lo subalterno no habla, sino que es simbólicamente representado: el ejemplo de la mujer refugiada siria
Authors: Dumont Copero Malembe
Published: February 2024

A pesar de que los espacios online se presentan como herramientas clave para que las mujeres musulmanas reformulen las representaciones que persisten sobre ellas en la opinión pública y el discurso político-mediático, siguen prevaleciendo discursos hegemónicos que las relegan a espacios de silenciamiento y de marginación. El presente trabajo, que incorpora la investigación sobre representación simbólica, género y poscolonialismo, sostiene que estos entendimientos estereotipados e «islamofóbicos» silencian sus voces y simplifican su realidad. Para ver esto analizamos el caso de las mujeres refugiadas sirias dentro del discurso occidental y turco.
El tratamiento jurisprudencial del daño en las acciones de responsabilidad por wrongful birth
Authors: Sánchez González Margarita
Published: February 2024

La determinación del daño sigue suponiendo un gran problema en el tratamiento de las acciones de wrongful birth. Sin embargo, el volumen de sentencias emitidas por el Tribunal Supremo permite discernir una serie de tendencias mayoritarias. Analizando estas últimas, este trabajo no se limita, como es común, a exponer las sentencias existentes sobre la materia, sino que trasciende de la exposición y tiene como objetivo comprobar si existe una verdadera jurisprudencia en relación a la identificación del daño, como elemento clave de las acciones de wrongful birth.
Naujos kartos vaizdinimo technologijos ir genetiniai testai kliniškai reikšmingo prostatos vėžio nustatymui
Authors:   , Matulevičius Augustinas
Published: February 2024

Innovative imaging technologies and genetic tests for the detection of clinically significant prostate cancer
Orbital complications in sickle cell disease: a case report presentation
Authors: Jane N Onyeama Sara , Jain Akshat
Published: February 2024

Our report describes a child with sickle-cell anemia presenting with left-sidedperiorbital swelling, headache, elevated leukocytes and inflammatory markers, discovered to have orbital bone infarction. Initial treatment included antibiotics for presumed infection. As MRI orbit suggested infarction of the orbital bone, exchange transfusion and steroid course was administered with subsequent improvement of symptoms. This case demonstrates that although infectionisa more common etiology of periorbital edema in sickle-cell disease, maintaining the differential of orbital bone infarction is crucial as patient out comes depend on prompt intervention. Caution is advised when treating these patients with steroids given risk of rebound pain.
Predictors of breastfeeding practice, evidence from mothers of children less than two years of age in southern Ethiopia
Authors: Wuletaw Getahun , Birhanu Betelhem , Admasu Sentayehu , Shewangzaw Zewdu , Eshete Freshwine , Yeheyis Tomas
Published: February 2024

Background: The World Health Organization recognizes that continuous and on-demand breast feeding until two years of age and beyond is essential for health, growth and development of young children, and protection against infectious diseases. In Ethiopia, breastfeeding is promoted by providing information on benefits during ante-natal care and by supporting mothers during post-natal visits. Objective: To assess the current breast feeding practices and associated factors among mothers of children less than two years of age in Areka town, southern Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 286 randomly selected mother-child pairs living in Sothern, Ethiopia, Areka town community. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on maternal characteristics and assess breast feeding practice. Descriptive summaries were done to present pertinent findings. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was done to establish statistical associations between dependent and independent variables with p <0.05. Results: From the total of 274 mother- child pairs participated in the study,132 (48.2%) have good breast feeding practice of breast feeding and 142(51.2%) mothers have poor practice of breast feeding. Mothers of age less than 35 practiced appropriate breastfeeding were less likely than mothers with age greater than 35 years. Like wise mothers who are none governmental employed have good breast feeding practice compared to government employees. Conclusion: The finding in the study showed that magnitude of good breast feeding practice in the study area is lower than the national level. In this study maternal age and maternal occupation have been found to be predictors of breast feeding practice.
Time to switching to second-line antiretroviral therapy and its predictors among HIV/AIDS infected children, Northern Ethiopia, 2020
Authors: Sibhat Mekonnen Migbar , Mulugeta Nigussie Tewodros , Aklilu W/tsadik Dawit
Published: February 2024

Background: With expanding access to pediatric antiretroviral therapy, a growing amount of patients in the developing world has switched to second-line therapy, and some requiring third-line medications. A delay in switch increases mortality and risk of developing opportunistic infections. There remain limited and often conflicting estimates on the use of second-line ART in children. Thus, this study intended to determine the incidence and predictors of switching to second-line antiretroviral therapy among children. Methods: Retrospective follow up study was conducted. Single population proportion formula was used to estimate the sample size and all charts were taken for review. Data were collected by extraction tool; entered using Epi-data manager; cleaned and analyzed by Stata V-14. Kaplan-Meier curve, log-rank test, life table, and crude hazard ratios were used for data description and adjusted hazard ratios and p-value for analysis by Cox proportional hazard regression. Any variable at P≤0.25 in the bi-variable analysis was taken to multivariate analysis and significance was declared at P≤0.05. Data were presented using texts, tables, and figures. Results: An overall 424 charts were incorporated for analysis. The total person-time observation was 11686.1 child-months with the incidence switch rate of 5.6 (95% CI 4.36-7.09) per 1000 child-months of observation. Being orphaned [AHR=2.36; 95%CI: 1.10-5.07], suboptimal ART adherence [AHR= 2.10; 95% CI: 1.12-3.92], drug toxicity [AHR= 7.05; 95% CI: 3.61-13.75], advanced recent WHO stage [AHR=2.75; 95%CI: 1.05-7.15], and initiating ART with TB co-infection [AHR=3.08; 95%CI: 1.26-7.51] were significantly associated with switch to second-line ART regimen. Moreover, long duration of ART follow up [AHR=0.75; 95% CI: 0.71-0.81] was found to be protective against switching. Conclusion and recommendation: A remarkable delay in switching to second-line ART drugs was observed. Having sub-optimal adherence, baseline TB infection, advanced WHO stage on follow-up, ART toxicity, being an orphan, and duration of follow up were independent predictors of switching. Hence, it is better to give priority for strengthening the focused evaluation of tuberculosis co-infection and treatment failure with continuous adherence monitoring. Further research is also needed to evaluate the effect of drug resistance.
Implementation of services marketing strategies: case study in a passenger transportation company
Authors: Carlos Alves Roberto Carlos Alves Roberto Jose , da Silva Almeida Victor
Published: February 2024

The esteemed work aims to propose a grounded and coherent solution to improve the services provided at Manaus Special Transport, which operates in the charter segment. The overall objective of the project is associated with attracting new customers from the analysis of service marketing. The specific objectives have the purpose of identifying the service marketing strategies used by the special transportation segment; To examine which practices can contribute to improving the organization's reputation and to compose a service marketing package that matches the company's size. The project came from the data survey provided by the organizational diagnosis where it was possible to identify the need to improve the marketing area, especially service marketing. Finally, it was concluded that with the quality tools: Diagram of Causes and Effects and the 5W2H can create a proposal appropriate to the size of the company studied, increasing quality and customer satisfaction.
The combination of sclerotherapy and anal cerclage: treatment of choice for rectal prolapse in children?
Authors: CS Metchihoungbe , CAM Amoussou , MVLSB Gogan , MGIS Dossou , KT, Lafia , GGS Segbedji , Safari D Kunaba , P Covi , MG Yassegoungbe , EUEM Goudjo , AK Mihluedo-Agbolan , MA Fiogbe
Published: February 2024

Background: Mucosal prolapse of the rectum is a common condition in children, easily diagnosed. Its management is varied, with varying results. The authors propose to evaluate the management of this pathology in their department and the results obtained. Method: cross-sectional study from January 2018 to December 2021 in the pediatric surgery department of CNHU-HKM. This was an exhaustive recruitment of children with prolapse during the study period. Results: 29 patients were enrolled. Mean age was 25.4 months. The predominance was female 18/11. Prolapse was total in 100% of cases, with circumferential externalization averaging 4cm in length. Average admission time was 64.8 days. Nineteen children recurred under medical treatment, representing a 65.5% failure rate. Among the children, 19 had chronic constipation and 6 had diarrhea. The 19 children who failed medical treatment underwent sclerotherapy. Two recurred. Anal cerclage was performed in 12 children, with no recurrence observed. Hospital stay was 24h. Conclusion: Despite the existence of standardized protocols, the management of rectal prolapse must be adapted to the context and the patient. The study shows the usefulness of sclerotherapy accompanied by cerclage for complete healing in cases of associated anal hollowness.
Solar power plant based on a tower-type layout
Authors: Penjiyev A.M.
Published: February 2024

I suggest the following abstract: In Turkmenistan, the solar energy is a priority among all renewable sources since the duration of sunny days in the country is from 270 to 320 days a year. The article considers the possibilities of creating a solar power plant based on a tower-type layout. The modes of the optical system in the natural and climatic conditions of Turkmenistan are calculated using a mathematical model, the coefficient of efficiency of using the mirror surface of the installation and the distribution of the level of instantaneous local values are determined. The results of the study show that the maximum increase in the energy efficiency coefficient can be achieved with the location of solar panels perpendicular to solar radiation with the dense placement of heliostats on the north side of the tower, then energy efficiency will increase by 25-40% in summer and 10-15% in winter.
Some new relativistic charged models with anisotropic pressure
Authors: Malaver Manuel , Iyer Rajan
Published: February 2024

In this paper, we found new classes of solutions to the Einstein-Maxwell field equations with matter anisotropic distribution incorporating a particular form of electric field intensity within the framework of general relativity. We use a metric potential or ansatz that depends on an adjustable parametern in order to get the new solutions. We generated new models of compact stars with n=1 and n=2. Graphical analysis allows us to conclude that the new models satisfy all the physical characteristics for astrophysical objects and can be very useful in the study and description of compact structures. We obtained models consistent with the pulsars PSR J1311-3430 and PSR J0952–0607.
Traces of the action of ball lightning as material for studying its structure
Authors: I Nikitin Anatoly
Published: February 2024

According to observations, at the site of the ball lightning disappearance there are no traces left except a cloud of vapor. This reduces the number of materials for its formation in nature to air and water molecules. It is shown that, using these materials, it is possible to create a model of ball lightning with an energy reserve with a density up to 1010 J/m3. Ball lightning has an electrical charge and mass. It is capable of heating water, tearing off bark from trees, jumping on the ground, cutting discs in glass, and melting holes in metal barriers. An explanation for this behavior of ball lightning is given.
The big-bang started from nothing: Not the initially hot cosmic matter, but a positive vacuum pressure made the universe explode!
Authors: J Fahr Hans
Published: February 2024

Mankind all over its past epochs did ask the question, how this huge and materially impressive universe could ever have started its existence. The standard dogmatic answer presently given by the majority of modern cosmologists is: By the Big-Bang! - i.e. that initial explosion of the central highly condensed world matter system! But why - it could be asked - should this system have exploded at all? Perhaps this popular BB-hypothesis of a general and global cosmic explosion creating the world is especially suggestive just in these days of wars and weapons all around. Nevertheless to declare such an initial event as the begin of the universe unexpectedly turns out to be extremely hard to explain when based on purely physical grounds. Though it is easy to envisage a granate explosion causing matter to fly apart in all directions from the center of the explosion, but as a total surprise it is extremely hard to explain which physically operating forces or pressures might be responsible to drive the initially highly compacted cosmic matter agglomeration apart of each other. If the explosion forces are imagined as due to acting thermal pressure forces of normal massive matter, then the needed pressures cannot be due to the extremely high temperatures of the condensed matter, because the thermal energy of relativistically hot matter, as relativity theory tells us, will act as an additional source of gravity, i.e. making matter even "heavier"! Hence this just impedes the initial mass agglomeration to explode and fly apart. As we shall show in the following article the explosive BB- event can only physically be explained, if the necessary pressure is not conventionally realized by the temperature of the gravitating matter, but to the contrary by the immaterial cosmic vacuum. In fact - as we shall demonstrate here - without a cosmic vacuum pressure, the so-called Big-Bang never at all could have happened. Certainly vacuum pressure up to the present days of cosmology still is a fully speculative subject, but it will become evident in the following article, that without this highly speculative, physically handable quantity a primordial Big-Bang would not have happened at all.
Zero velocity curves of a dust grain around equilibrium points under effects of radiation, perturbations and variable Kruger 60
Authors: Leke Oni , Celestine Mmaju
Published: February 2024

The paper unveils zero velocity curves of a dust grain particle around eleven equilibrium points under effects of radiation, perturbations and variable Kruger 60. The study is carried out using the model formulations of the restricted three-body problem in which the primaries are assumed to be radiation sources and vary their masses with time coupled with small perturbations in the Coriolis and centrifugal forces due to circular motion. The equations of motion of the non-autonomous system and those of the autonomized equations with constant coefficients have been stated and the equilibrium points explored. Numerical illustrations have been provided to support the study for a particular case when the dust grain moves under the influence of the central binary Kruger 60. It is seen that there exist a pair of triangular points, five collinear equilibrium points, and four out-of-plane equilibrium points, which are defined by the radiation pressure of the Kruger 60, centrifugal perturbation and the arbitrary constant K which defines the sum of the masses of Kruger 60. Finally, the zero velocity curves of the dust grain around the equilibrium points are explored and the effects of the parameters divulged. In the case of the collinear equilibrium points, as K increases the region where motion is allowed decreases, while in the case of the triangular points, the dust grain is permitted to move around the primaries and the triangular points and is also allowed access to the exterior realm as K increases. In the case of the out-of-plane equilibrium points, as K increases the region where motion is allowed decreases while the presence of the perturbing forces due to radiation and centrifugal perturbation also reduces the region where motion of the dust grain particle is allowed. It is seen that the Coriolis perturbation do not affect the locations and zero velocity curves around all the equilibrium points.
Behavior of helical reinforced concrete columns subjected to cyclic loading
Authors: Al-Habbobi Alaa M. , Habelalmateen Mohsen A. , Salman Nassr N.
Published: February 2024

Helical concrete columns are a new type of structural members which arose in new twisted buildings to satisfy architectural purposes. Helical concrete columns have a unique geometry which depends on the values of twist angle (ϕ) and the tilt distance of the center of rotation. According to the ACI T1.1R-01:2001 guidelines, a combined effect of axial load and lateral cyclic displacement protocol was applied to twelve specimens. Nonlinear finite element method was used to conduct the analysis and the numerical simulation for the helical reinforced concrete columns. The findings of the study revealed that the value of the buckling load, lateral displacement and the drift angle of helical concrete columns are significantly affected by the tilting distance of the rotation center and the twist angle.
MANAJEMEN RISIKO KEUANGAN DALAM TINJAUAN ISLAM
Authors: Setiawan Iwan , Kusumadewi Rahayu , Sari Mega Permata , Astuti Mentari Fuzi
Published: February 2024

Every business has a certain amount of risk. It is difficult for us to accurately predict the future. No one in this world is able to predict the future exactly, even for a split second. Risk-taking is advantageous because there is always the possibility of something going wrong. Identification, analysis, assessment, control, and making every effort to prevent or eliminate hazards that are considered undesirable are all steps in the risk management process. Risk management is the process of organizing, controlling, and supervising the operation of an organization within a company. Reducing the likelihood that the company may suffer revenue losses is the goal of risk management. Risk management is the process of organizing, controlling, and supervising the operation of an organization within a company. Reducing the likelihood that the company may suffer revenue losses is the goal of risk management. Three elements are necessary for a risk management system namely: an appropriate environment for risk management, including good rules and processes; adequate techniques for measurement, mitigation, and monitoring; and appropriate internal control.
PENGARUH PERUBAHAN KAS TERHADAP TINGKAT LIKUIDITAS PADA BANK SYARIAH INDONESIA (EXS BRI SYARIAH) PERIODE 2011-2020
Authors: Noviyanti Rahma , Tripalupi Ramadhani Irma , Adisaputra Ateng Kusnandar , Arsyad Asep
Published: February 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis 1) perkembangan perubahan kas Bank Syariah Indonesia (exs BRI Syariah) Periode 2011-2020, 2) perkembangan tingkat likuiditas Bank Syariah Indonesia (exs BRI Syariah) periode 2011-2020, dan 3) pengaruh perubahan kas terhadap tingkat likuiditas Bank Syariah Indonesia (exs BRI Syariah) periode 2011-2020. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah data sekunder berupa laporan keuangan periode 2011-2020 yang di publikasi di website resmi Bank Syariah Indonesia. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis statistic deskriptif, analisis uji asumsi klasik, analisis regresi linear sederhana, analisis koefisien determinasi R2, dan analisis uji hipotesis t (persial). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa 1) perkembangan perubahan kas cenderung mengalami peningkatan yang cukup baik pada tahun 2011-2020 hanya mengalami penurunan di tahun 2018. 2) perkembangan tingkat likuiditas 2011-2020 mengalami peingkatan dan penurunan nilai tertinggi likuiditas ada pada tahun 2015 dan terendah tahun 2020. 3) perubahan kas memiliki pengaruh 47,5% terhadap tingkat likuiditas dengan nilai thitung > ttabelyaitu -2,689 > 2,045 dan nilai signifikasi 0,028 < 0,05. Artinya H0 ditolak Ha diterima, maka perubahan kas berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tingkat likuiditas di Bank Syariah Indonesia (exs BRI Syariah) periode 2011-2020.
STUDI KOMPARATIF TENTANG HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH DAN HUKUM EKONOMI KONVENSIONAL: SEBUAH PERBANDINGAN METODOLOGI DAN PRAKTIK
Authors: Gani Ahmad Abdul
Published: February 2024

In the era of globalization and technological advances, an understanding of economic law, both sharia and conventional, is becoming increasingly important. This article examines the comparison between Islamic economic law and conventional economic law in the context of methodology and practice. This study uses a descriptive and comparative analysis approach by reviewing various literature and previous research. The results of the study show that although they have different principles and principles, these two legal systems have several things in common, such as a focus on economic stability and consumer protection. However, the sharia economic law system emphasizes the aspects of fairness, transparency and risk sharing, while conventional economic law tends to focus on the aspects of profit and risk management. This article also shows that in some cases, the principles of Islamic economic law can provide innovative and sustainable alternative solutions to contemporary economic challenges. The conclusion of this article emphasizes the importance of better understanding and dialogue between the two legal systems to achieve the goal of a more inclusive and sustainable economy.
THE EFFECT OF PRICE AND SERVICE QUALITY ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION OF GOJEK USERS
Authors: Pratama M Aditiya , Kusumastuti Ratih
Published: February 2024

This study aims to investigate the effect of price and service quality on customer satisfaction of Gojek service users in Jambi City. In a modern society that is increasingly adopting technology, Gojek as an online transportation service provider offers a variety of products and services, leading the market in Indonesia. This study involved 50 students majoring in accounting from Jambi University who often use Gojek services. This research method adopts an associative research approach with analysis involving validity, reliability, normality, multicollinearity, and heteroscedasticity tests, as well as multiple linear regression analysis with SPSS version 23. The results showed that price and service quality have a significant influence on Gojek customer satisfaction. Price and service quality are positive, indicating the importance of setting the right price and improving service quality in increasing customer satisfaction. The coefficient of determination is 82.7%, indicating the model can explain variations in customer satisfaction. A flexible pricing strategy and improved service quality can strengthen relationships with customers and maintain competitiveness in the online transportation service market. By understanding the factors that influence customer satisfaction, companies can continuously improve their services according to local customer expectations and needs.
DISPLACED COMMERCIAL RISK AND ITS EFFECT ON ISLAMIC BANK CUSTOMER LOYALTY: AN ANALYSIS OF SUPPORTING FACTORS
Authors: Damayanti Umi Rachmah , Nirmala Ade Ria , Nurani Ratna
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this study is to determine what factors encourage the emergence of Displaced Commercial Risk in Islamic banks and their effect on the loyalty of Islamic bank customers. Displaced Commercial Risk is a risk that occurs due to changes in the level of returns provided by banks to customers, resulting in indications that customers move some of their funds from Islamic banks to conventional banks. This study uses multiple linear regression analysis, by conducting reliability and validity tests, classical assumption tests and hypothesis testing. The sample of this research is Islamic Bank customers who have met the sample determination criteria of 150 respondents. The results showed that there are three factors driving the emergence of Displaced Commercial Risk in Islamic banks, namely the Return Rate, Islamic Bank Operations and Return Expectations. Of the three factors, the Expectation of Yield factor does not have a significant effect on the loyalty of Islamic Bank customers.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MUSYARAKAH FINANCING IN ISLAMIC BANKS IN INDONESIA IN RELATION TO DEFAULTS BUSINESS PARTNERS
Authors: Sumiati Sumiati , Akmaliyah Akmaliyah
Published: February 2024

This research aims to analyze the implementation of musyarakah financing in Islamic banks in Indonesia related to the default of business partners.  The principal banking law states that the function of banking in Indonesia is to collect and distribute funds. Islamic banking law regulates various types of financing, including musyarakah financing. The method used in this research is descriptive analytical method using qualitative approach. The results of this research discussion show that legal protection for the parties in musyarakah financing in the event of default by business partners consists of: first, legal protection provided by law, namely protected by the Banking Law, especially Articles 1, 7 and 8, second, legal protection based on musyarakah contracts/agreements, in the form of : First, if the business partner has been classified into the collectibility of bad debts, the bank can confiscate the collateral and then proceed with the auction. Second, submitting the dispute to a Islamic arbitration body or court. Meanwhile, the efforts of Islamic banks if there are indications that there will be defaults by business partners in musyarakah financing are to addendum the contract.
Perilaku Halal Lifestyle dalam Meningkatkan Minat terhadap Pembelian Produk Halal
Authors: Azizah Nurazizah , Aprilia Nila , Ismail Asep Syarif , Marlina Lina
Published: February 2024

This study aims to describe the halal lifestyle behavior and purchasing intention in halal products among students of the Sharia Economics Study Program at Universitas Siliwangi. The research employs a descriptive statistical approach with primary data collection techniques complemented by a literature review. The findings of this research indicate that a halal lifestyle can enhance purchasing intention in halal products, as it has become a necessity for Muslims. Based on this study, it is evident that 95% of the sampled students from the Sharia Economics Study Program at Universitas Siliwangi have adopted a halal lifestyle. Consequently, this will increase the students' intention in purchasing halal products.
An overview of analytical techniques for heavy metal ion detection and removal from industrial sewage
Authors: Nadakuditi Abhilash , Reddy-Vangala Venkateswara
Published: February 2024

Removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater is of paramount importance for a clean environment and human health. Various reported processes have addressed the removal of heavy metal ions from various wastewater sources. These processes can be divided into adsorption, membrane, chemical, electrical, and photo catalytic processes. This article provides a comprehensive and critical overview of these methods, discussing the media/sorbents used, removal efficiency, operating conditions, and advantages and disadvantages of each method. We also summarize the main results of previous studies reported in the literature. It should be noted that recent research has generally focused on adsorption techniques. The main obstacles to the adsorption process are the ability to simultaneously remove different types of ions, the long retention time of the adsorbent and cycle stability. Although chemical and membrane processes are practical, high levels of sludge formation and post-treatment requirements are key issues that must be addressed in chemical processes. Suppression of fouling and scaling can further improve membrane separation. However, pretreatment and regular cleaning of the membrane incurs additional costs. Electrical methods have also been reported to be efficient. However, in addition to overcoming the problem of massive sludge formation, industrial scale separation is required. Electrical and photo catalytic-based methods are not yet mature. Future research should focus on environmentally friendly, inexpensive, and sustainable materials and methods.
A Comprehensive Review and Open Challenges on Visual Question Answering Models
Authors: Shaik Fasi Ahamad , Koshti Dipali , Gupta Ashutosh , Kalla Mukesh , Sharma Arvind
Published: February 2024

Users are now able to actively interact with images and pose different questions based on images, thanks to recent developments in artificial intelligence. In turn, a response in a natural language answer is expected. The study discusses a variety of datasets that can be used to examine applications for visual question-answering (VQA), as well as their advantages and disadvantages. Four different forms of VQA models—simple joint embedding-based models, attention-based models, knowledge-incorporated models, and domain-specific VQA models—are in-depth examined in this article. We also critically assess the drawbacks and future possibilities of all current state-of-the-art (SoTa), end-to-end VQA models. Finally, we present the directions and guidelines for further development of the VQA models.
Evaluating the Impact of E-Banking on Customer Satisfaction: A Comprehensive Systematic Review
Authors: Rupal Juhi , Singh Ranveer
Published: February 2024

The study aimed to present a systematic literature Review based on scientific research extracted for the Impact of e-banking on Customer satisfaction. E-banking provides a digital platform to mark the basic to complex banking requirements over digital devices. The study sheds light on the Impact of e-banking on customer satisfaction. Customer satisfaction is widely recognized as an important indicator of ongoing use and effectiveness in information systems such as e-banking. Throughout the literature, various factors/dimensions have been accepted as the major contributors to the Impact and influence of customer satisfaction via e-banking. The current study has reviewed 47 papers from different quality journals to mark the findings via accessing the Scopus database for 8 recent years. The literature findings suggested dual directional consideration for the Impact of e-banking services on Customer Satisfaction, Quality of services, Reliability, Efficiency, Responsiveness, Security and Privacy, Usability, Performance etc., as major dimensions and also, the study evaluated the consideration of ease of use and convenience in the same row to define the Impact on customer satisfaction.
Evaluación Institucional: Un Análisis Crítico de su Impacto y Alcance
Authors: Mejía-Cadavid Lorena Isabel , Salazar-Figueroa Lina María , de la Asunción-Diaz Sandra Patricia
Published: February 2024

Este artículo de reflexión resaltará la naturaleza y alcance de la evaluación institucional y sus diversas dimensiones. Los objetivos principales de este ensayo son argumentos y análisis, centrándose principalmente en demostrar el valor de la evaluación institucional como herramienta clave para el desarrollo continuo de las instituciones y organizaciones educativas en general. Se investigarán diferentes ángulos, beneficios y dificultades que rodean este tema. En un mundo dinámico donde la evaluación institucional se presenta como un pilar crucial para el avance y la excelencia, la relevancia de este estudio radica en la necesidad de adaptación y mejora continua. Hablaremos de temas fundamentales como la investigación institucional y los marcos disciplinarios que sustentan la evaluación institucional. También veremos cómo se incorpora a las políticas educativas de varias naciones y cómo ayuda a crear sistemas educativos justos y eficaces, donde la evaluación institucional es un deber público, un mecanismo de control social y un componente democrático, enfatizando su relación con la apertura y la participación ciudadana. La estructura del artículo se dividirá en varias secciones que están relacionadas entre sí y ofrecen un examen exhaustivo de la evaluación institucional y su enorme impacto en las instituciones.
Rutting performance of asphalt mixtures containing treated RCA and reinforced by carbon fibers
Authors: Albayati Nadheer , Qader-Ismael Mohammed
Published: February 2024

This study examined the rutting performance of hot asphalt mixtures containing treated RCA and reinforced by carbon fibers. The methodology involved substituting RCA instead of coarse virgin aggregates in the several percentages (20, 40, 60, 80, and 100%) that were treated by being submerged for 24 hours in an acetic acid solution with a concentration of 0.1M. Carbon fibers were added in several percentages of 0.15, 0.25, and 0.35% by the entire weight of the mix to produce cylindrical specimens (4×2.5 inches) for evaluating the Marshall and volumetric properties, and rectangular slabs (30×40×5 cm) for evaluating rutting resistance. The study finds, that incorporating RCA and carbon fibers did not substantially affect the volumetric characteristics of asphalt mixtures, but Marshall's stability increased. The combination containing 60% RCA and 0.35% carbon fibers showed the greatest increase in Marshall stability, which was 35.81% over the control mixture. The addition of RCA led to a reduction in the rutting performance, whereas the addition of carbon fibers increased it, as seen by a decrease in rutting depth. The combination incorporating 40% RCA and 0.35% carbon fibers exhibited a minimum rutting depth of 40.64% lower than the control mixture. The combination incorporating 20% RCA and 0.35% carbon fibers exhibited the maximum level of dynamic stability, which was 1.64 times greater than the control mixture.
Estrategia didáctica para la enseñanza del Álgebra en Ingeniería - primera iteración
Authors: Moreno-Reyes Hugo , Acosta-Castillo María Guadalupe de Lourdes , Arámbula-García Claudia Ivonne
Published: February 2024

La Tecnología Educativa se aproxima con investigaciones basadas en tendencias de actualidad, mostrando un crecimiento en estos temas de investigación. Dichas tendencias podrían verse afectadas por una rigurosidad deficiente en la metodología que siguen para maximizar las oportunidades que ofrece la tecnología en las investigaciones educativas. En este trabajo de investigación se analizan las deficiencias en las competencias específicas previas presentadas por los estudiantes en las asignaturas de ingeniería relacionadas con Álgebra por medio de la metodología IBD (Investigación basada en el diseño) como base general para el desarrollo de cada una de sus etapas, iniciando con la definición - análisis y la situación – diagnóstico de la problemática, donde se concurrió a la resolución de expertos, para posteriormente aplicar un instrumento de evaluación con las principales competencias previas relacionadas con Álgebra requeridas por los estudiantes de Ingeniería y una encuesta de apropiación tecnológica. Enseguida se presenta la primera iteración del diseño y desarrollo de la estrategia didáctica, la cual se basa en la idoneidad didáctica del Enfoque Ontosemiótico (EOS) por medio de procesos de modelación, y utilizando al NOOC como tecnología digital que ofrece tiempos de duración breve para cumplir con la nivelación en el área de Álgebra requerida por estudiantes de ingeniería.
Fortalecimiento de competencias en innovación tecnológica: una estrategia didáctica apoyada en el Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos.
Authors: Quevedo-Benítez Katherine Paola , Rodríguez-Velandia Diego Alexander , Moran-Borbor Robert Anthony , Niño-Vega Jorge Armando , Fernández-Morales Flavio Humberto
Published: February 2024

Este artículo presenta un estudio cuyo objetivo fue desarrollar una estrategia didáctica apoyada en el Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos para fortalecer las competencias en innovación tecnológica, en estudiantes de educación media. La metodología empleada se basó en un enfoque mixto de tipo investigación acción participativa. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 23 estudiantes de grado décimo pertenecientes a una institución educativa colombiana. Como instrumentos de recolección de datos se utilizaron dos pruebas de conocimiento, una inicial y otra final, una encuesta y la observación. Las competencias de innovación tecnológica se beneficiaron con la estrategia didáctica utilizada, siendo la más destacada: resuelvo problemas tecnológicos y evalúo las soluciones teniendo en cuenta las condiciones, restricciones y especificaciones del problema planteado. Se concluye que la estrategia didáctica propuesta es pertinente para fortalecer las competencias de los estudiantes en áreas como: electrónica básica con Arduino, automatización, domótica y pensamiento computacional. Esto indica que el éxito de las estrategias didácticas para el desarrollo de competencias tecnológicas está sujeto a la combinación de aspectos como: planes de aula estructurados alrededor de las competencias que se desean potenciar, materiales didácticos novedosos, junto a enfoques pedagógicos que faciliten la apropiación del conocimiento en ambientes de aula motivadores del aprendizaje.
Structural Changes and Their Kinetics in Hydrogen-Containing Palladium Systems
Authors: Avdjukhina V. M. , Katsnelson A. A. , Revkevich G. P.
Published: February 2024

Non-trivial structural changes and phase transformation kinetics have been found to occur in Palladium-hydrogen and Palladium-metal-hydrogen systems during relaxation processes as hydrogen is released. In the Palladium-hydrogen system these changes take place in stages: an incubation period, a period of fast degassing, a period of stabilisation, and a post-stabilisation period. In Palladium-metal-hydrogen systems the structural changes and phase transformations are non-monotonous (oscillating or stochastic). Time dependent kinetics have been observed over periods of up to tens of thousands of hours. An hypothesis based upon non-equilibrium thermodynamics and hydrogen interaction factors between matrix defects and atoms in the Palladium systems is proposed to explain the phenomena.
Third International Congress on Catalysis
Authors: G. C. B.
Published: February 2024

The Third International Congress on Catalysis, organised most efficiently by the Royal Dutch Chemical Society, took place in Amsterdam from July 20 to 25. It was attended by 828 active members from 31 countries including 141 from the USA, 29 from the USSR, and 115 from Great Britain. Of the ninety-eight papers presented, twenty-seven refer to the use of the platinum group metals as catalysts, and these are reviewed here.
Reactions of Oxygen with the Platinum Metals
Authors: Chaston J. C.
Published: February 2024

In the second part of this survey of the oxidation of the platinum metals attention is given to the formation of solid oxide films on the more reactive metals ruthenium, rhodium, iridium and osmium. The films formed in air on these metals are thick enough to give tarnish colours at temperatures of 400 to 500°C, and they may be in equilibrium with an appreciable partial pressure of gaseous oxides at temperatures below that at which they decompose. Diagrams showing the solid (oxide and metal) phases and the vapour pressures of the gaseous oxide phases in equilibrium with one atmosphere of oxygen at temperatures up to about 1800°C are given for four of the platinum metals. A third part of this paper will deal with the oxidation of palladium.
Electronic Structure and Properties of Palladium and its Alloys
Authors: Coles, B. R.
Published: February 2024

At a Conference held in April at the University of Leeds, organised by Professor F. E. Hoare and Professor J. S. Dugdale, a number of papers were presented and discussed on the subject of the electronic structure and properties of palladium, platinum and their alloys. The greater part of proceedings dealt with palladium, and in this article the author summarises and reviews the discussion.
Organometallic Chemistry of the Platinum Metals
Authors: Shaw B. L.
Published: February 2024

At the joint annual meeting of The Chemical Society, The Institute of Chemistry of Ireland and the Royal Institute of Chemistry held in Dublin in April, one of the symposia was on ‘Recent Progress in Organometallic Chemistry’. Several of the plenary lectures and contributed papers given at this symposium were concerned with the chemistry of the platinum metals, and these are summarised and reviewed here.
Hydrogen in Palladium and its Alloys
Authors: Lewis F. A.
Published: February 2024

A symposium organised by Professor E. Wicke and Professor T. B. Flanagan on the general topic of ’Hydrogen in Transition Metals’ was held in July at the Institute für Physikalische Chemie of the University of Münster. Most of the papers presented were concerned with palladium or its alloys and a brief review of these contributions is given here.
The Homogeneous Hydrogenation of Soybean Oil Methyl Ester
Authors: Bailar John C.
Published: February 2024

The soybean, a major crop in the United States as well as in China and Brazil, yields an oil used widely in the manufacture of margarines, salad oils, shortening, and other food products. Before use, however, it must be upgraded by selective hydrogenation of linolenates to linoleates. This paper describes research on platinum complexes that have been found to be highly selective in this reaction. The work was carried out under contract with the U.S. Department of Agriculture and was supervised by the Northern Utilisation Research and Development Division of the Agricultural Research Service.
Macroscopic Aggregation in Palladium Blacks
Authors: Sermon P. A.
Published: February 2024

The basic particles of palladium blacks have been observed to cluster into macroscopic aggregates. Hydrogen treatment increases remarkably both the extent and degree of ordering of these aggregates. This may result in a substantial percentage of their surface areas being unavailable for adsorption. A theoretical model is proposed to account for the effects of this phenomenon in these and other unsupported and supported catalysts. Its predictions can be used to optimise their surface area and activity.
Palladium Alloys for Hydrogen Diffusion Membranes
Authors: Knapton A. G.
Published: February 2024

The unique properties of palladium enable it to be used, either alone or more generally alloyed with silver, for hydrogen diffusion membranes. Recently palladium alloys containing rare earth metals have been described and some of them show considerable promise for this purpose.
Progress in Hydrogen Energy Systems
Authors: P. A. S.
Published: February 2024

At a four-day conference held at Zürich in August 1978 one hundred and fifty-nine papers were presented covering many facets of a potential hydrogen economy. The platinum group metals are already utilised in several aspects of hydrogen production and use. From this brief review of some of the relevant papers presented it seems probable that they will continue to play an important role.
Catalytic Oxidation of Pollutants from Ink Drying Ovens
Authors: Snape Thomas H.
Published: February 2024

Many industrial processes produce hydrocarbon vapours which, if released to the atmosphere, contribute to the general pollution of the environment. The discharge of such vapours is now, not unnaturally, being subject to legislative control in many places as the extent of the damage resulting from such pollution is more fully realised. Platinum catalyst control systems are being increasingly employed to prevent air pollution as the cost benefits of employing such systems, are becoming more generally known. This paper describes the system one enterprising organisation has successfully employed to comply with the strict pollution control regulations in Los Angeles, a region where topography and climatic conditions result in particularly difficult pollution problems, while at the same time making substantial savings in fuel.
The Use of Rhodium-Platinum for Precise Low-Temperature Resistors
Authors: Macfarlane J. C.
Published: February 2024

The resistive properties of three rhodium-platinum alloys have been measured in the temperature range 2 to 300 K. Resistors of high stability and low temperature coefficient of resistance at liquid helium temperatures have been made with these rhodium-platinum alloys.
Swedish Contributions to the Discovery of Platinum
Authors: Hunt L. B.
Published: February 2024

Two major contributions to the discovery of platinum and its identification as a distinct metal were made by Swedish chemists during a short span of years in the eighteenth century when chemistry and metallurgy were flourishing and when several other new elements were isolated and their properties determined.
Platinum Electrocatalysts for Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cells
Authors: M.J.C.
Published: February 2024

At the Spring Meeting of the Electrochemical Society, held in Montreal, Canada during May, twenty-three papers were presented on a variety of topics concerned with fuel cell development. The trend in electro-catalysts for this application is clearly towards platinum alloys rather than to alternative metals.
The Palladium-Hydrogen System
Authors: Lewis F. A.
Published: February 2024

Hydrogen absorption by series of palladium alloys with several other metals has now been quite extensively investigated with reference to systematic alterations of pressure-composition relationships, other related thermodynamic factors and various physical parameters. Hydrogen permeation has been an important area of both academic and technological interest with relation, for example, to effecting reductions of deformations associated with phase transitions, while retaining the high values of hydrogen solubilities and hydrogen diffusion coefficients in palladium at convenient temperatures.