bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantitative assessment of pilot-endured workloads during helicopter flying emergencies: an analysis of physiological parameters during an autorotation
Authors: Scarpari José Ricardo Silva , Ribeiro Mauricio Watanabe , Deolindo Camila Sardeto , Aratanha Maria Adelia Albano , de Andrade Donizeti , Forster Carlos Henrique Quartucci , Figueira José Márcio Pereira , Corrêa Fernando Lucas Soares , Lacerda Shirley Silva , Machado Birajara Soares , Amaro Júnior Edson , Sato João Ricardo , Kozasa Elisa Harumi , Annes da Silva Roberto Gil
Published: September 2021

The procedures to be performed after sudden engine failure of a single-engine helicopter impose high workload on pilots. The maneuver to regain aircraft control and safe landing is called autorotation. The safety limits to conduct this maneuver are based on the aircraft height versus speed diagram, which is also known as "Dead Man’s Curve”. Flight-test pilots often use subjective methods to assess the difficulty to conduct maneuvers in the vicinity of this curve. We carried out an extensive flight test campaign to verify the feasibility of establishing quantitative physiological parameters to better assess the workload endured by pilots undergoing those piloting conditions. Eleven pilots were fully instrumented with sensors and had their physiological reactions collected during autorotation maneuvers. Our analyses suggested that physiological measurements (heart rate and electrodermal activity) can be successfully recorded and useful to capture the most effort-demanding effects during the maneuvers. Additionally, the helicopter’s flight controls displacements were also recorded, as well as the pilots’ subjective responses evaluated by the Handling Qualities Rate scale. Our results revealed that the degree of cognitive workload was associated with the helicopter’s flight profile concerning the Height-Speed diagram and that the strain intensity showed a correlation with measurable physiological responses. Recording flight controls displacement and quantifying the pilot's subjective responses show themselves as natural effective candidates to evaluate the intensity of cognitive workload in such maneuvers.
Aluminum particles generated during millisecond electric pulse application enhance adenovirus-mediated gene transfer in L929 cells
Authors: Tesse Angela , André Franck M. , Ragot Thierry
Published: September 2021

Gene electrotransfer is an attractive method of non-viral gene delivery. However, the mechanism of DNA penetration across the plasma membrane is widely discussed. To explore this process for even larger structures, like viruses, we applied various combinations of short/long and high/low-amplitude electric pulses to L929 cells, mixed with a human adenovirus vector expressing GFP. We observed a transgene expression increase, both in the number of GFP-converted cells and GFP levels, when we added a low-voltage/millisecond-pulse treatment to the adenovirus/cell mixture. This increase, reflecting enhanced virus penetration, was proportional to the applied electric field amplitude and pulse number, but was not associated with membrane permeabilization, nor to direct cell modifications. We demonstrated that this effect is mainly due to adenovirus particle interactions with aggregated aluminum particles released from energized electrodes. Indeed, after centrifugation of the pulsed viral suspension and later on addition to cells, the activity was found mainly associated with the aluminum aggregates concentrated in the lower fraction and was proportional to generated quantities. Overall, this work focused on the use of electrotransfer to facilitate the adenovirus entry into cell, demonstrating that modifications of the penetrating agent can be more important than modifications of the target cell for transfer efficacy.
A phosphorus-containing hyperbranched phthalocyanine flame retardant for epoxy resins
Authors: Zheng Penglun , Wang Rui , Wang Donghui , Peng Xiaoliang , Zhao Yang , Liu Quanyi
Published: September 2021

A hyperbranched phosphorus-containing copper phthalocyanine compound (DOPO-CuPc) was successfully synthesized and used as the flame-retardant additive to prepare flame-retarded epoxy thermosets. The addition of DOPO-CuPc led to a significant enhancement of the flame retardant properties of the epoxy resin. The 15DOPO-CuPc/EP composite obtained a LOI value of 35.8%, and the UL-94 rose from NR to V-0 rating. And the addition of DOPO-CuPc resulted in early decomposition of the epoxy thermoset, but the residual char at 700 °C reached 27.7%. The flame retardant mechanism was further investigated. It was found that DOPO-CuPc could release phosphorus-containing radicals and non-combustible gases in the gas phase to exert gas-phase flame retardant activity. In the condensed phase, the epoxy thermoset formed the expanded honeycomb-like char layer during combustion and the presence of copper phthalocyanine contributed to the stability of the char layer.
Critical current modulation induced by an electric field in superconducting tungsten-carbon nanowires
Authors: Orús Pablo , Fomin Vladimir M. , De Teresa José María , Córdoba Rosa
Published: September 2021

The critical current of a superconducting nanostructure can be suppressed by applying an electric field in its vicinity. This phenomenon is investigated throughout the fabrication and electrical characterization of superconducting tungsten-carbon (W-C) nanostructures grown by Ga$$^+$$

+

focused ion beam induced deposition (FIBID). In a 45 nm-wide, 2.7 $$\upmu $$
μ
m-long W-C nanowire, an increasing side-gate voltage is found to progressively reduce the critical current of the device, down to a full suppression of the superconducting state below its critical temperature. This modulation is accounted for by the squeezing of the superconducting current by the electric field within a theoretical model based on the Ginzburg–Landau theory, in agreement with experimental data. Compared to electron beam lithography or sputtering, the single-step FIBID approach provides with enhanced patterning flexibility and yields nanodevices with figures of merit comparable to those retrieved in other superconducting materials, including Ti, Nb, and Al. Exhibiting a higher critical temperature than most of other superconductors, in which this phenomenon has been observed, as well as a reduced critical value of the gate voltage required to fully suppress superconductivity, W-C deposits are strong candidates for the fabrication of nanodevices based on the electric field-induced superconductivity modulation.
Prognostic nomogram for predicting 5-year overall survival in Chinese patients with high-grade osteosarcoma
Authors: Yao Zhihong , Tan Zunxian , Yang Jifei , Yang Yihao , Wang Cao , Chen Jiaxiang , Zhu Yanan , Wang Tiying , Han Lei , Zhu Lin , Yang Zuozhang
Published: September 2021

This study aimed to construct a widely accepted prognostic nomogram in Chinese high-grade osteosarcoma (HOS) patients aged ≤ 30 years to provide insight into predicting 5-year overall survival (OS). Data from 503 consecutive HOS patients at our centre between 12/2012 and 05/2019 were retrospectively collected. Eighty-four clinical features and routine laboratory haematological and biochemical testing indicators of each patient at the time of diagnosis were collected. A prognostic nomogram model for predicting OS was constructed based on the Cox proportional hazards model. The performance was assessed by the concordance index (C-index), receiver operating characteristic curve and calibration curve. The utility was evaluated by decision curve analysis. The 5-year OS was 52.1% and 2.6% for the nonmetastatic and metastatic patients, respectively. The nomogram included nine important variables based on a multivariate analysis: tumour stage, surgical type, metastasis, preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy cycle, postoperative metastasis time, mean corpuscular volume, tumour-specific growth factor, gamma-glutamyl transferase and creatinine. The calibration curve showed that the nomogram was able to predict 5-year OS accurately. The C-index of the nomogram for OS prediction was 0.795 (range, 0.703–0.887). Moreover, the decision curve analysis curve also demonstrated the clinical benefit of this model. The nomogram provides an individualized risk estimate of the 5-year OS in patients with HOS aged ≤ 30 years in a Chinese population-based cohort.
Quantum nonlocality without entanglement depending on nonzero prior probabilities in optimal unambiguous discrimination
Authors: Ha Donghoon , Kim Jeong San
Published: September 2021

Nonlocality without entanglement(NLWE) is a nonlocal phenomenon that occurs in quantum state discrimination of multipartite separable states. In the discrimination of orthogonal separable states, the term NLWE is used when the quantum states cannot be discriminated perfectly by local operations and classical communication. In this case, the occurrence of NLWE is independent of nonzero prior probabilities of quantum states being prepared. Recently, it has been found that the occurrence of NLWE can depend on nonzero prior probabilities in minimum-error discrimination of nonorthogonal separable states. Here, we show that even in optimal unambiguous discrimination, the occurrence of NLWE can depend on nonzero prior probabilities. We further show that NLWE can occur regardless of nonzero prior probabilities, even if only one state can be locally discriminated without error. Our results provide new insights into classifying sets of multipartite quantum states in terms of quantum state discrimination.
Cell-autonomous megakaryopoiesis associated with polyclonal hematopoiesis in triple-negative essential thrombocythemia
Authors: Inano Tadaaki , Araki Marito , Morishita Soji , Imai Misa , Kihara Yoshihiko , Okuda Maho , Yang Yinjie , Ito Masafumi , Osaga Satoshi , Mano Hiroyuki , Edahiro Yoko , Ochiai Tomonori , Misawa Kyohei , Fukuda Yasutaka , Ando Jun , Komatsu Norio
Published: September 2021

A subset of essential thrombocythemia (ET) cases are negative for disease-defining mutations on JAK2, MPL, and CALR and defined as triple negative (TN). The lack of recurrent mutations in TN-ET patients makes its pathogenesis ambiguous. Here, we screened 483 patients with suspected ET in a single institution, centrally reviewed bone marrow specimens, and identified 23 TN-ET patients. Analysis of clinical records revealed that TN-ET patients were mostly young female, without a history of thrombosis or progression to secondary myelofibrosis and leukemia. Sequencing analysis and human androgen receptor assays revealed that the majority of TN-ET patients exhibited polyclonal hematopoiesis, suggesting a possibility of reactive thrombocytosis in TN-ET. However, the serum levels of thrombopoietin (TPO) and interleukin-6 in TN-ET patients were not significantly different from those in ET patients with canonical mutations and healthy individuals. Rather, CD34-positive cells from TN-ET patients showed a capacity to form megakaryocytic colonies, even in the absence of TPO. No signs of thrombocytosis were observed before TN-ET development, denying the possibility of hereditary thrombocytosis in TN-ET. Overall, these findings indicate that TN-ET is a distinctive disease entity associated with polyclonal hematopoiesis and is paradoxically caused by hematopoietic stem cells harboring a capacity for cell-autonomous megakaryopoiesis.
Mitochondria-affecting small molecules ameliorate proteostasis defects associated with neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Tjahjono Elissa , Pei Jingqi , Revtovich Alexey V. , Liu Terri-Jeanne E. , Swadi Alisha , Hancu Maria C. , Tolar Joe G. , Kirienko Natalia V.
Published: September 2021

Macroautophagic recycling of dysfunctional mitochondria, known as mitophagy, is essential for mitochondrial homeostasis and cell viability. Accumulation of defective mitochondria and impaired mitophagy have been widely implicated in many neurodegenerative diseases, and loss-of-function mutations of PINK1 and Parkin, two key regulators of mitophagy, are amongst the most common causes of heritable parkinsonism. This has led to the hypothesis that pharmacological stimulation of mitophagy may be a feasible approach to combat neurodegeneration. Toward this end, we screened ~ 45,000 small molecules using a high-throughput, whole-organism, phenotypic screen that monitored accumulation of PINK-1 protein, a key event in mitophagic activation, in a Caenorhabditis elegans strain carrying a Ppink-1::PINK-1::GFP reporter. We obtained eight hits that increased mitochondrial fragmentation and autophagosome formation. Several of the compounds also reduced ATP production, oxygen consumption, mitochondrial mass, and/or mitochondrial membrane potential. Importantly, we found that treatment with two compounds, which we named PS83 and PS106 (more commonly known as sertraline) reduced neurodegenerative disease phenotypes, including delaying paralysis in a C. elegans β-amyloid aggregation model in a PINK-1-dependent manner. This report presents a promising step toward the identification of compounds that will stimulate mitochondrial turnover.
Cardiomyocyte-specific deletion of β-catenin protects mouse hearts from ventricular arrhythmias after myocardial infarction
Authors: Wang Jerry , Xia Ying , Lu Aizhu , Wang Hongwei , Davis Darryl R. , Liu Peter , Beanlands Rob S. , Liang Wenbin
Published: September 2021

Wnt/β-catenin signaling is activated in the heart after myocardial infarction (MI). This study aims to investigate if β-catenin deletion affects post-MI ion channel gene alterations and ventricular tachycardias (VT). MI was induced by permanent ligation of left anterior descending artery in wild-type (WT) and cardiomyocyte-specific β-catenin knockout (KO) mice. KO mice showed reduced susceptibility to VT (18% vs. 77% in WT) at 8 weeks after MI, associated with reduced scar size and attenuated chamber dilation. qPCR analyses of both myocardial tissues and purified cardiomyocytes demonstrated upregulation of Wnt pathway genes in border and infarct regions after MI, including Wnt ligands (such as Wnt4) and receptors (such as Fzd1 and Fzd2). At 1 week after MI, cardiac sodium channel gene (Scn5a) transcript was reduced in WT but not in KO hearts, consistent with previous studies showing Scn5a inhibition by Wnt/β-catenin signaling. At 8 weeks after MI when Wnt genes have declined, Scn5a returned to near sham levels and K+ channel gene downregulations were not different between WT and KO mice. This study demonstrated that VT susceptibility in the chronic phase after MI is reduced in mice with cardiomyocyte-specific β-catenin deletion primarily through attenuated structural remodeling, but not ion channel gene alterations.
Suitability of drone olfactory sensitivity as a selection trait for Varroa-resistance in honeybees
Authors: Ivanova Ivelina , Bienefeld Kaspar
Published: September 2021

The most effective strategy against brood diseases, such as those stemming from infestation by the mite Varroa destructor, is the early detection and removal of sick brood. Recent findings suggest that genes associated with worker bee olfactory perception play a central role in Varroa-sensitive hygiene (VSH). In this study, the odour sensitivity of Apis mellifera drones was examined through proboscis extension response (PER) conditioning. Individuals sensitive/insensitive to the two Varroa-parasitised-brood odours (extract-low and extract-high) were used for breeding. Twenty-one queens from a VSH-selected line (SelQ) and nineteen queens from a nonselected line (ConQ) were single-drone-inseminated with sperm from drones that showed either sensitivity (SenD+) or insensitivity (SenD−) to the two extracts. Individual VSH behaviour in a total of 5072 offspring of these combinations (SelQ × SenD+, SelQ× SenD−, ConQ × SenD+, ConQ × SenD−) was subsequently observed in a specially designed observation unit with infrared light. The results from the video observation were also separately examined, considering the genetic origin (VSH-selected or nonselected line) of the participating queens and drones. While the drone PER conditioning results were not significantly reflected in the VSH results of the respective offspring, the genetic origin of the participating queens/drones was crucial for VSH manifestation.
Nurse-led, telephone-based follow-up after acute coronary syndrome yields improved risk factors after 36 months: the randomized controlled NAILED-ACS trial
Authors: Henriksson Robin , Huber Daniel , Mooe Thomas
Published: September 2021

We investigated whether a nurse-led, telephone-based follow-up including medical titration was superior to usual care in improving blood pressure (BP) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) values 36 months after acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We screened all patients admitted with ACS at Östersund hospital, Sweden, between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2014, for inclusion based on ability to participate in a telephone-based follow-up. Participants were randomly allocated to usual care or an intervention group that received counselling and medical titration to target BP < 140/< 90 mmHg and LDL-C < 2.5/< 1.8 mmol/L. The primary outcome was LDL-C at 36 months. Of 962 patients, 797 (83%) were available for analysis after 36 months. Compared to controls, the intervention group had a mean systolic BP (SBP) 4.1 mmHg lower (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.9–6.5), mean diastolic BP (DBP) 2.9 mmHg lower (95% CI 1.5–4.5), and mean LDL-C 0.28 mmol/L lower (95% CI 0.135–0.42). All P < 0.001. A significantly greater proportion of patients reached treatment targets with the intervention. After 36 months of follow-up, compared to usual care, the nurse-led, telephone-based intervention led to significantly lower SBP, DBP, and LDL-C and to a larger proportion of patients meeting target values.

Trial registration: ISRCTN registry. Trial number ISRCTN96595458. Retrospectively registered.
Spider mite egg extract modifies Arabidopsis response to future infestations
Authors: Ojeda-Martinez Dairon , Martinez Manuel , Diaz Isabel , Estrella Santamaria M.
Published: September 2021

Transcriptional plant responses are an important aspect of herbivore oviposition studies. However, most of our current knowledge is derived from studies using Lepidopteran models, where egg-laying and feeding are separate events in time. Little is known regarding plant response to pests where females feed and oviposit simultaneously. The present study characterized oviposition-induced transcriptomic response of Arabidopsis to Tetranychus urticae egg extracts. Transcriptional evidence indicates that early events in plant response to the egg extract involve responses typical to biotic stresses, which include the alteration in the levels of Ca2+ and ROS, the modification of pathways regulated by the phytohormones jasmonic acid and ethylene, and the production of volatiles and glucosinolates as defence mechanisms. These molecular changes affect female fertility, which was significantly reduced when mites fed on plants pre-exposed to the egg extract. However, longer periods of plant exposure to egg extract cause changes in the transcriptional response of the plant reveal a trend to a decrease in the activation of the defensive response. This alteration correlated with a shift at 72 h of exposition in the effect of the mite feeding. At that point, plants become more susceptible and suffer higher damage when challenged by the mite.
Extended spin coherence of the zinc-vacancy centers in ZnSe with fast optical access
Authors: Kirstein Erik , Zhukov Evgeny A. , Smirnov Dmitry S. , Nedelea Vitalie , Greve Phillip , Kalitukha Ina V. , Sapega Viktor F. , Pawlis Alexander , Yakovlev Dmitri R. , Bayer Manfred , Greilich Alex
Published: September 2021

Qubits based on crystal defect centers have been shown to exhibit long spin coherence times, up to seconds at room temperature. However, they are typically characterized by a comparatively slow initialization timescale. Here, fluorine implantation into ZnSe epilayers is used to induce defect states that are identified as zinc vacancies. We study the carrier spin relaxation in these samples using various pump-probe measurement methods, assessing phenomena such as resonant spin amplification, polarization recovery, and spin inertia in transverse or longitudinal magnetic field. The spin dynamics in isotopically natural ZnSe show a significant influence of the nuclear spin bath. Removing this source of relaxation by using isotopic purification, we isolate the anisotropic exchange interaction as the main spin dephasing mechanism and find spin coherence times of 100 ns at room temperature, with the possibility of fast optical access on the picosecond time scales through excitonic transitions of ZnSe.
One-step hydrothermal synthesis of nitrogen-doped carbon dots as a super selective and sensitive probe for sensing metronidazole in multiple samples
Authors: Du Jinyan , Wang Chaofeng , Yuan Pingchuan , Shu Qin , Xu Na , Yang Ying , Qi Shuangqing , Ye Yin , Zhu Changqing
Published: September 2021

Using fluorescence quenching of N-CDs with bright blue emission, a new sensing nanoplatform was constructed for the successful detection of metronidazole in real samples.
Metal–organic framework-based oxygen carriers with antioxidant protection as a result of a polydopamine coating
Authors: Liu Xiaoli , Jansman Michelle M. T. , Li Wengang , Kempen Paul , Thulstrup Peter W. , Hosta-Rigau Leticia
Published: September 2021

We present a novel carrier with potential as a blood surrogate in the future. It consists of haemoglobin encapsulated within a metal–organic framework. The assembly is coated with the antioxidant polydopamine to minimize autoxidation of haemoglobin.
Revisiting trends in the exchange current for hydrogen evolution
Authors: Yang Timothy T. , Patil Rituja B. , McKone James R. , Saidi Wissam A.
Published: September 2021

Nørskov and collaborators proposed a simple kinetic model to explain the volcano relation for hydrogen evolution reaction. Our new model decreases the discrepancy between calculated and experimental exchange current density values.
Electrochemical decontamination of irradiated nuclear graphite from corrosion and fission products using molten salt
Authors: Grebennikova Tatiana , Jones Abbie N. , Sharrad Clint A.
Published: September 2021

A treatment method for nuclear graphite has been developed that removes the majority of multiple contaminants, reducing nuclear waste volumes.
Particle characterisation and bioaccessibility of manganese in particulate matter in silico- and ferromanganese smelters
Authors: Hammer Stine Eriksen , Ervik Torunn , Ellingsen Dag G. , Thomassen Yngvar , Weinbruch Stephan , Benker Nathalie , Berlinger Balazs
Published: September 2021

(1) Physicochemical characterisation of single particles collected in an FeMn/SiMn furnace hall. (2) Bioaccessibility of manganese in particulate matter tested in terms of dissolution in Gamble solution.
Biological calcium carbonate with a unique organic–inorganic composite structure to enhance biochar stability
Authors: Zhang Jiawei , Wu Can , Hou Wenjing , Zhao Qidi , Liang Xin , Lin Shengwei , Li Huabin , Xie Yanhua
Published: September 2021

The inorganic components in Bio-CaCO3 catalyze the deoxygenation of biochar and increase the degree of aromatization of the carbon matrix. The stable pyridinic-N structures are doped into the carbon skeleton, which further improves the stability of biochar.
Influential parameters of surface waters on the formation of coating on TiO2 nanoparticles under natural conditions
Authors: Tayyebi Sabet Khomami Narjes , Patel Parthvi Mayurbhai , Jusi Cynthia Precious , Trouillet Vanessa , David Jan , Schaumann Gabriele E. , Philippe Allan
Published: September 2021

Investigation of the natural coatings on nanoparticles in surface waters (using dialysis bags), and evaluation of the influential parameters of surface waters on the formation of these coatings.
What controls the chemical speciation of abundant heavy metals during wastewater treatment: insights from combined spectroscopic and modeling analyses
Authors: Huang Rixiang
Published: September 2021

A systematic understanding of the coupled transformation of the main heavy metals in wastewater systems through combined spectroscopic and modeling analyses.
Low temperature synthesis of photoconductive BaSi2filmsviamechanochemically assisted close-spaced evaporation
Authors: Hara Kosuke O. , Yamamoto Chiaya , Yamanaka Junji , Arimoto Keisuke
Published: September 2021

Mechanical activation of a BaAl4–Ni source lowers the synthesis temperature of BaSi2films in close-spaced evaporation from 1000 to 700 °C. The produced films are free from cracks and clearly show photoconductance.
Aged layered double hydroxide nanosheet–polyvinyl alcohol dispersions for enhanced gas barrier coating performance
Authors: Yu Jingfang , Chen Chunping , Gilchrist James B. , Buffet Jean-Charles , Wu Zhonghua , Mo Guang , Xie Fei , O'Hare Dermot
Published: September 2021

The oxygen transmission rate of a PET coated film showed a 37-fold decrease using a dispersion of LDH nanosheets in polyvinyl alcohol that was prior aged for 8 weeks compared to the film coated with the equivalent freshly prepared LDH/PVA dispersion.
Multi-photoresponsive triphenylethylene derivatives with photochromism, photodeformation and room temperature phosphorescence
Authors: Fan Yunhao , Han Mengmeng , Huang Arui , Liao Qiuyan , Tu Jin , Liu Xiuxing , Huang Bohan , Li Qianqian , Li Zhen
Published: September 2021

Multi-photoresponsive properties, including photochromism, photodeformation and room temperature phosphorescence, are achieved in triphenylethylene derivatives, which can be well tuned by variation of bromine substituents to phenyl moieties.
Crosslinking mass spectrometry unveils novel interactions and structural distinctions in the model green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Authors: Smythers Amanda L. , Iannetta Anthony A. , Hicks Leslie M.
Published: September 2021

Interactomics is an emerging field that seeks to identify both transient and complex-bound protein interactions that are essential for metabolic functions.
Selective suppression of {112} anatase facets by fluorination for enhanced TiO2 particle size and phase stability at elevated temperatures
Authors: Kohlrausch Emerson C. , dos Reis Roberto , Lodge Rhys W. , Vicente Isabel , Brolo Alexandre G. , Dupont Jairton , Alves Fernandes Jesum , Santos Marcos. J. L.
Published: September 2021

Fluorinated ionic liquids are used to finely control the exposure of {112} facets on the TiO2 surface enabling an exquisite temperature control of the anatase-to-rutile phase transition.
Direct synthesis of various polar functionalized polypropylene materials with tunable molecular weights and high incorporation ratios
Authors: Lu Zhou , Wang Hui , Li Shuaikang , Dai Shengyu
Published: September 2021

As compared with the classical α-diimine catalyst, iminopyridyl catalysts were observed to be highly efficient for the direct synthesis of polar functionalized polypropylene with tunable molecular weights and high incorporation ratios.
A photoactivated Ir(iii) complex targets cancer stem cells and induces secretion of damage-associated molecular patterns in melanoma cells characteristic of immunogenic cell death
Authors: Vigueras Gloria , Markova Lenka , Novohradsky Vojtech , Marco Alicia , Cutillas Natalia , Kostrhunova Hana , Kasparkova Jana , Ruiz José , Brabec Viktor
Published: September 2021

The new iridium complex selectively targets cancer stem cells and has potential to induce immunogenic cell death in cancer cells.
Optimizing the relaxivity at high fields: systematic variation of the rotational dynamics in polynuclear Gd-complexes based on the AAZTA ligand
Authors: Tei Lorenzo , Gugliotta Giuseppe , Marchi Davide , Cossi Maurizio , Geninatti Crich Simonetta , Botta Mauro
Published: September 2021

A homogeneous series of polynuclear Gd-complexes (n = 1–8) based on a stable and bis-hydrated [Gd(AAZTA)]− chelate shows high relaxivity values at high fields (1.5–7 T), per Gd, particularly pronounced for the more rigid and compact members.
Site-selective modification of peptide backbones
Authors: Boto Alicia , González Concepción C. , Hernández Dácil , Romero-Estudillo Iván , Saavedra Carlos J.
Published: September 2021

Exciting developments in the site-selective modification of peptide backbones are allowing an outstanding fine-tuning of peptide conformation, folding ability, and physico-chemical and biological properties.
Switchable hydroxysulfonyloxylation and defluorination–decarboxylation sulfonylation of gem-difluoroalkenes with sodium sulfinate via aerobic oxidation
Authors: Liu Xiang , Lin Jiatong , Zhuang Canzhan , Zhong Jinling , Song Dan , Zhao Jiaji , Cao Hua
Published: September 2021

A novel and attractive aerobic oxidative hydroxysulfonyloxylation of gem-difluoroalkenes with sodium sulfinate via free radical addition has been developed.
Three-component coupling reaction for the synthesis of fully substituted triazoles: reactivity control of Cu-acetylide toward alkyl azides and diazo compounds
Authors: Chen Fa-Jie , Mamidipalli Phani , Sabbasani Venkata Reddy , Liu Huaqing , Xia Yuanzhi , Lee Daesung
Published: September 2021

Herein, we report a Cu-catalyzed three-component coupling reaction of alkynes, azides, and diazo compounds for the synthesis of fully substituted triazoles.
Effects of gallic acid combined with epsilon-polylysine hydrochloride incorporated in a pullulan–CMC edible coating on the storage quality of sea bass
Authors: Li Qiuying , Zhang Jingyang , Zhu Jinshuai , Lin Hong , Sun Tong , Cheng Lei
Published: September 2021

This study investigated the effects of pullulan and sodium carboxymethylcellulose composite coatings with gallic acid and/or ε-polylysine hydrochloride on the quality of sea bass fillets during 4 °C storage.
Design, synthesis and cytotoxic evaluation of a library of oxadiazole-containing hybrids
Authors: Camacho Cristián M. , Pizzio Marianela G. , Roces David L. , Boggián Dora B. , Mata Ernesto G. , Bellizzi Yanina , Barrionuevo Elizabeth , Blank Viviana C. , Roguin Leonor P.
Published: September 2021

Synthesized hybrids of 1,2,4-oxadiazole and 1,3,4-oxadiazole connecting a penicillin and aliphatic amino acids displayed a high degree of cytotoxic selectivity.
Efficient solar light-driven hydrogen generation using an Sn3O4 nanoflake/graphene nanoheterostructure
Authors: Sethi Yogesh A. , Kulkarni Aniruddha K. , Ambalkar Anuradha A. , Panmand Rajendra P. , Kulkarni Milind V. , Gosavi Suresh W. , Kale Bharat B.
Published: September 2021

Herein, we have demonstrated the synthesis of the two-dimensional hierarchical Sn3O4/graphene nanostructure by a facile solvothermal method. The nanostructure has been used as a photocatalyst for hydrogen production under solar light.
Trinorlabdane diterpenoid alkaloids featuring an unprecedented skeleton with anti-inflammatory and anti-viral activities fromForsythia suspensa
Authors: Li Wei , Zhao Lin , Sun Li-Tong , Xie Ze-Ping , Zhang Shu-Min , Yue Xi-Dian , Dai Sheng-Jun
Published: September 2021

Two unique trinorlabdane diterpenoid alkaloids, forsyqinlingines A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the ripe fruits ofForsythia suspensa, and found to show significant anti-inflammatory activities and anti-viral activities.
Temperature-dependent modulation by biaryl-based monomers of the chain length and morphology of biphenyl-based supramolecular polymers
Authors: Iseki Tomokazu , Mabesoone Mathijs F. J. , Koenis Mark A. J. , Lamers Brigitte A. G. , Weyandt Elisabeth , de Windt Lafayette N. J. , Buma Wybren Jan , Palmans Anja R. A. , Meijer E. W.
Published: September 2021

Supramolecular copolymerizations offer attractive options to introduce structural and functional diversity in supramolecular polymer materials.
Correction: An engineered biosynthetic–synthetic platform for production of halogenated indolmycin antibiotics
Authors: Hoffarth Elesha R. , Kong Sunnie , He Hai-Yan , Ryan Katherine S.
Published: September 2021

Correction for ‘An engineered biosynthetic–synthetic platform for production of halogenated indolmycin antibiotics’ by Elesha R. Hoffarth et al., Chem. Sci., 2021, 12, 8817–8821, DOI: 10.1039/D0SC05843B.
Finely tuned inverse design of metal–organic frameworks with user-desired Xe/Kr selectivity
Authors: Lim Yunsung , Park Junkil , Lee Sangwon , Kim Jihan
Published: September 2021

The platform developed in this work can generate user-desired materials which can lead to design of high performance materials for xenon/krypton separation.
Correlated biphasic features of improved rate capability upon Ga doping in LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2
Authors: Li Jie , Li Zhimin , Zhang Maolin , Yan Yangxi , Zhang Dongyan , Wang Pangpang , Murakami Ri-ichi
Published: September 2021

NCM622 with biphasic features via Ga doping is synthesized to modify the rate capability and cycling stability.
Interfacial energetic disorder induced by the molecular packing structure at conjugated polymer-based donor/acceptor heterojunctions
Authors: Zhou Ke , Liu Yuxuan , Xu Yunxiang , Wu Hongbo , Zhou Xiaobo , Chen Kai , Xu Xiaofeng , Ma Zaifei , Tang Zheng , Ma Wei
Published: September 2021

The pure molecular orientation with a small coherence length in conjugated polymer films is crucial to decrease the interfacial energetic disorder at donor/acceptor heterojunctions.
Highly efficient and stable quantum dot light-emitting devices with a low-temperature tin oxide electron transport layer
Authors: Feng Haiwei , Liu Shihao , Tang Ge , Zhang Letian , Xie Wenfa
Published: September 2021

UVO treatment is proposed to decompose the residual tin hydroxide in an SnO2 ETL film. With UVO treatment, efficient and stable QLEDs are fabricated with a low-temperature SnO2 transport layer.
2-Aryl-perfluorobenzoxazoles: synthesis, fluorescence properties and synthetic applications in cubic platinum nanoparticles
Authors: Wang Rong , Lu Hao , Yan Mingpan , Li Mengfan , Lv Xiangyu , Huang Hongwen , Ghaderi Arash , Iwasaki Takanori , Kambe Nobuaki , Abdukader Ablimit , Qiu Renhua
Published: September 2021

An efficient methodology has been developed for the synthesis of 2-aryl-perfluorobenzoxazoles, the preliminary fluorescence properties (up to 99% fluorescence quantum yield of 3d) of the products and their synthetic application in cubic platinum nanoparticles are reported.
The SPECFIND V3.0 catalog of radio continuum cross-identifications and spectra: Reaching lower frequencies
Authors: Stein Y. , Vollmer B. , Boch T. , Landais G. , Vannier P. , Brouty M. , Allen M. G. , Derriere S. , Ocvirk P.
Published: September 2021

Context. Many radio continuum catalogs with different sensitivity limits and spatial resolutions are published via the VizieR database at the Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg. The diversity of spatial resolutions of different catalogs makes the cross-identification of different flux density measurements of individual sources complex. The SPECFIND tool is able to handle radio surveys at different frequencies from different instruments with different resolutions.

Aims. Since the former version of the SPECFIND catalog was released ten years ago, hundreds of new radio continuum catalogs have been published. We upgraded the SPECFIND tool to reach a wider frequency range, especially the lower-frequency radio regime, as well as to have better spatial sky coverage.

Methods. We adapted selection criteria and applied them to all of the radio catalogs listed in the VizieR database to define a final sample of new catalogs. We unified the new catalogs and implemented them in the SPECFIND tool. The new SPECFIND V3.0 radio cross-identification catalog was constructed using 204 input tables from 160 VizieR radio continuum catalogs to cross-identify flux density measurements of individual sources and fit their spectral slopes. We discuss the frequency and sky coverage of all processed catalogs and compare the results to the previous version. Furthermore, we present and investigate peaked spectrum (PS) sources with spectral breaks around 1.4 GHz and 325 MHz.

Results. By increasing the number of input catalog tables that were implemented in SPECFIND from 115 to 204 (89 new catalog tables and two updates), we improved the number of resulting spectra from ∼107 500 to ∼340 000 and increased the number of cross-identified sources from ∼600 000 to ∼1.6 million. The final SPECFIND V3.0 catalog is publicly available via VizieR. By applying SPECFIND to two subsamples of the catalogs with frequency cuts at 325 MHz and 1.4 GHz, spectral break and PS source candidates could be identified. We encourage follow-up observations of these candidates to confirm their nature because the population we identify has a relatively low reliability.

Conclusions. The SPECFIND V3.0 catalog is a very useful resource and a powerful open access tool, reachable via VizieR. By tripling the resulting spectra and including many radio continuum surveys from the last 50 years, we provide a significantly extended catalog of cross-identified radio continuum sources. Furthermore, the SIMBAD database will be updated using the SPECFIND V3.0 catalog and will contain more radio continuum data, serving the needs of future projects.
Contribution of flares from tidal disruptions of stars to high-redshift AGN
Authors: Padmanabhan Hamsa , Loeb Abraham
Published: September 2021

We explore the contribution of tidal disruption events (TDEs) to the flares in Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) at high redshifts. Using the latest data available from X-ray and optical observations of high-redshift galaxies, in combination with the evolution of their central supermassive black holes, we calculate the contribution of TDE to AGNs as a function of their luminosities. We find that at low redshifts (z < 1), a few percent of all AGN with bolometric luminosities LBol ≲ 1044 erg s−1 may be attributable to possible TDEs. However, this fraction can significantly increase at earlier cosmic times, including up to several tens of percent of the population of AGN at z ≳ 3. TDEs may comprise a significant fraction of the Compton-Thick AGN population at z ≳ 3. The above findings motivate further calibrations with upcoming X-ray missions and spectroscopic surveys targeting TDE-AGN.
HOLISMOKES
Authors: Cañameras R. , Schuldt S. , Shu Y. , Suyu S. H. , Taubenberger S. , Meinhardt T. , Leal-Taixé L. , Chao D. C.-Y. , Inoue K. T. , Jaelani A. T. , More A.
Published: September 2021

We have carried out a systematic search for galaxy-scale strong lenses in multiband imaging from the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) survey. Our automated pipeline, based on realistic strong-lens simulations, deep neural network classification, and visual inspection, is aimed at efficiently selecting systems with wide image separations (Einstein radiiθE ∼ 1.0–3.0″), intermediate redshift lenses (z ∼ 0.4–0.7), and bright arcs for galaxy evolution and cosmology. We classifiedgriimages of all 62.5 million galaxies in HSC Wide withi-band Kron radius ≥0.8″ to avoid strict preselections and to prepare for the upcoming era of deep, wide-scale imaging surveys with Euclid and Rubin Observatory. We obtained 206 newly-discovered candidates classified as definite or probable lenses with either spatially-resolved multiple images or extended, distorted arcs. In addition, we found 88 high-quality candidates that were assigned lower confidence in previous HSC searches, and we recovered 173 known systems in the literature. These results demonstrate that, aided by limited human input, deep learning pipelines with false positive rates as low as ≃0.01% can be very powerful tools for identifying the rare strong lenses from large catalogs, and can also largely extend the samples found by traditional algorithms. We provide a ranked list of candidates for future spectroscopic confirmation.
A note on the sunspot and prominence records made by Angelo Secchi during the period 1871–1875
Authors: Carrasco Víctor M. S. , Nogales José M. , Vaquero José M. , Chatzistergos Theodosios , Ermolli Ilaria
Published: September 2021

Angelo Secchi (1818–1878) was an Italian Jesuit who made relevant scientific contributions in geophysics, meteorology, and astrophysics. He was a well-known pioneer in solar physics due to his theories and observations. Secchi published Le Soleil (The Sun) a summary of knowledge about our star in that time. Moreover, he published in this book his sunspot and prominence observations made during the period 1871–1875. In this work, we present a machine-readable version of these observations and a preliminary analysis of them.
Diabetestechnologien in der Kindheit
Authors: Willen Christine
Published: September 2021

Die positive Studienlage zu Insulinpumpen und sensorgestützten Insulinpumpen haben das Potenzial in Zukunft leitlinienrelevante Veränderungen herbeizuführen. Experten diskutierten daher den Einsatz von Diabetes-Technologien in besonderen Lebensphasen, wie Kindheit und Schwangerschaft.
Chemoradiation with Weekly Paclitaxel and Carboplatin in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Prospective Study
Authors: Joseph Deepa M. , Malik Monica Irukulla , Jonnadula Jyothi , Ahmed Fayaz , Valiyaveettil Deepthi
Published: September 2021

Objective Neoadjuvant chemoradiation (CRT) using paclitaxel and carboplatin has significantly improved the survival rates in carcinoma esophagus, especially in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). This regimen has not been adequately explored prospectively as a definitive CRT strategy. Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy, toxicity, and compliance to this regimen in a prospective setting in locally advanced esophageal SCC.

Materials and Methods Patients with locally advanced esophageal SCC were planned for definitive CRT by using weekly paclitaxel 50 mg/m2 and carboplatin area under curve 2 along with radical radiotherapy to a dose of 50.4 to 54 Gy. Treatment-related toxicity was assessed by using the common terminology criteria for Adverse Events Version 4.0, and the response was assessed by using endoscopy and computed tomography (CT) 4 to 6 weeks following CRT. The pathological response was documented for those who underwent surgery.

Results Fifteen patients were included in the study, and all patients completed the planned course of radiation. The median number of chemotherapy cycles received was four. In total, 66% of the patients had delay or interruptions in chemotherapy, mostly due to neutropenia, and 66% of the patients had a clinical complete response (CR). Four patients underwent definitive esophagectomy, and the histopathology revealed pathologic CR. Overall CR rate was 80%. The median overall survival was 14 months, and 1-year survival was 57%.

Conclusion Definitive CRT in esophageal SCC using weekly paclitaxel and carboplatin was relatively well tolerated with manageable toxicities and good clinical response rates. It may potentially represent a new standard of care as definitive therapy in the management of these tumors.
Clinical Profile and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Bhatti Abu B. H. , Sheikh Abdul A. E. , Mahmud Umair S. , Zeeshan Shagufta , Khan Nusrat Y. , Zia Haseeb H. , Dar Faisal S. , Rana Atif
Published: September 2021

Background Very few centers in Pakistan have all established treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) available under one roof. With a dedicated hepato-pancreato-biliary surgery and liver transplant unit, we have gathered one of the largest data on HCC in our population.

Aims The objective of the current study was to assess the clinical spectrum of HCC in Pakistani patients.

Settings and Design This retrospective review of patients diagnosed with HCC was conducted between 2011 and 2016.

Materials and Methods Patients were allocated to treatment groups based on the Barcelona clinic liver cancer (BCLC) staging algorithm and our local guidelines. The treatment options were grouped as curative (radiofrequency ablation [RFA], percutaneous ethanol injection [PEI], liver resection, and liver transplantation), palliative (transarterial chemoembolization [TACE]/sorafenib), and the best supportive care (BSC).

Statistical Analysis Kaplan–Meier curves were used for the statistical analysis.

Results The mean age was 57.9 ± 10.1 years (range: 18–90 years). The male-to-female ratio was (1,099/391) 2.8:1. Hepatitis B and hepatitis C were the most common underlying etiological factor in 1,350 of 1,490 (90.6%) patients. Macrovascular invasion (MVI) was seen in 492 of 1,490 (33%) patients. Out of the total, 191 (12.8%) additional patients were offered potentially curative treatments when compared with BCLC recommendations. The actuarial 5-year overall survival for patients who underwent liver transplant, RFA/PEI, TACE, sorafenib, and BSC was 87, 64, 18, 5, and 0%, respectively. Alpha fetoprotein cut-off of 400 ng/mL had a significant impact on survival irrespective of treatment received (41 vs. 11%, p < 0.0001).

Conclusion MVI is the most frequent poor prognostic marker in our patients with HCC. Local treatment guidelines are effective in yielding comparable outcomes to BCLC.
Transarterial Radioembolization (TARE) with 131Iodine-Lipiodol for Unresectable Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Experience from a Tertiary Care Center in India
Authors: Patel Aakash , Subbanna Indusekhara , Bhargavi Vidya , Swamy Shivakumar , Kallur Kumarswamy G. , Patil Shekhar
Published: September 2021

Purpose This article presents our experience regarding survival benefits in inoperable intermediate stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and advanced stage HCC treated with 131I-lipiodol.

Materials and Methods This is a retrospective study of intermediate stage HCC (Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer [BCLC] stage B) not responding to prior treatment and/or advanced stage HCC (BCLC stage C) treated with 131I-lipiodol. 131I-lipiodol was injected into the hepatic artery through transfemoral route. Postprocedure, the patient was isolated for 5 to 7 days. All patients underwent tumor response evaluation after 4 weeks. Survival of patients was calculated up to either death or conclusion of the study.

Results A total of 55 patients (52 males [94.5%], 3 females [5.4%]) were given intra-arterial 131I-lipiodol therapy. The median overall survival after transarterial radioembolization (TARE) was 172 ± 47 days (95% confidence limit, 79–264 days). The overall survival at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months was 69, 47, 32, and 29%, respectively. A multivariate Cox regression analysis showed the presence of treatment prior to TARE to most significantly influence survival (B = 2.161, p ≤ 0.001). This was followed by size of the lesion which was second in line (B = 0.536, p = 0.034). Among 45 patients, 14 patients (31.1%) showed a partial response, 11 patients (24.4%) showed stable disease, and 20 patients (44.4%) showed progressive diseases.

Conclusion TARE with 131I-lipiodol can be a safe and effective palliative treatment in advanced stage HCC and in patients with poor response to prior treatments like transarterial chemoembolization.