bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análise da sobrecarga autopercebida em cuidadores de pacientes neurológicos: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Prost Welter Yasmin , Eliza Tocchetto Ketlen , Carlos Tuni Douglas , Camargo Gustavo , Martinelli Piccinini Aline
Published: September 2021

Introdução: O cuidador é fundamental no dia a dia de indivíduos com incapacidades advindas de afecções neurológicas, sendo imprescindíveis no auxílio das necessidades bio, psico, emocional, funcional e social dos mesmos. Esse cuidado pode ser feito tanto pela família (cuidador informal) quanto por profissionais de saúde (cuidador formal), cuja saúde física e psicológica está constantemente sobrecarregada por diversos fatores. Objetivo: O objetivo do estudo é apresentar uma revisão integrativa acerca da autopercepção da sobrecarga dos cuidadores de pacientes neurológicos. Metodologia: As buscas foram realizadas nas bases de dados eletrônicas LILACS, SciELO e BIREME, de artigos publicados no período de 2015 a 2019. Os dados foram analisados de maneira integrativa, interpretados e sintetizados e então expostos em quadro para melhor apresentação e discussão dos resultados. Resultados: Observou-se que os estudos abordam uma sobrecarga autopercebida entre os cuidadores de pacientes neurológicos, em decorrência do baixo conhecimento acerca da patologia ao qual o cuidar é essencial, além da idade avançada dos cuidadores e o escasso suporte técnico. Conclusão: A autopercepção da sobrecarga ficou demonstrada nos artigos e, infelizmente, está longe de ter uma melhora, visto a falta de engajamento do setor público-privado em realizar cursos de cuidadores, além de não disponibilizar apoio multidisciplinar, com fisioterapeutas, psicólogos e educadores físicos.
Narrativised simile and emotional responses to Brexit
Authors: Dancygier Barbara
Published: September 2021

This study looks at two figurative ways in which popular media and social media represent the publics response to the process of implementing Brexit. Specifically, it contrasts analogies, which construe the nature of Brexit in terms of the nature of the problems arising (e.g. the impossibility of taking the eggs out of the cake ), with tweets relying on simile to express emotional responses. The focus of this study is on the nature of simile, as the trope of choice in profiling emotional responses, and especially on narrativised similative constructions, such as Brexit is like X , where X as an extended narrative. These similes match the real story of Brexit, which lasted several years, with other narrative scenarios. Crucially, the scenarios created are focused on how the person feels about the story of Brexit (e.g. the long period of hesitation and indecisiveness) and not on political affiliations and arguments. In effect, Brexit is like X framing could be loosely paraphrased as Experiencing Brexit makes me feel similarly to experiencing a narrative such as X , where X is a made-up story, depicting unimportant social events or movie genres. The emotions targeted in the Brexit is like X examples (such as disappointment, boredom, feeling exasperated or bemused) are complex emotional reactions to a narrative failing to reach a satisfying resolution. From the perspective of figuration, Brexit is like X similes suggest the need to re-evaluate the nature of simile as a conceptual mapping and to consider the role fictive stories play in expression of emotions. Also, the complex syntactic forms used to represent the narrative structure of X provide the material for reconsidering simile as a construction.
Emergent impoliteness and persuasive emotionality in Polish media discourses
Authors: Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk Barbara , Pęzik Piotr
Published: September 2021

The focus of the paper is to identify and discuss cases of what we call emergent impoliteness and persuasive emotionality based on selected types of discourse strategies in Polish media which contribute to increasingly high negative emotionality in audiences and to the radicalization of language and attitudes when addressing political opponents. The role and function of emotional discourse are particularly foregrounded to identify its persuasive role in media discourses and beyond. Examples discussed are derived from current Polish media texts. The materials are collected from the large Polish monitor media corpus monco.frazeo.pl (Pęzik 2020). The analysis is conducted in terms of quantitative corpus tools (Pęzik 2012, 2014), concerning emotive and media discourse approaches (Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk and Wilson 2013, Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk 2015, 2017a, 2017b). The analysis includes a presentation of the ways mass media construe events (Langacker 1987/1991) in terms of their ideological framing, understood as particular imposed/constructed event models and structures (cf. Gans 1979). Special attention is paid to the negative axiological evaluation of people and events in terms of mostly implicitly persuasive and offensive discourse, including the role emotion clusters of harm, hurt and offence, anger and contempt play in the media persuasive tactics. The research outcomes provide a research basis and categorization of types of emergent impoliteness and persuasive emotionality, which involve implicit persuasion directed at negative emotionality raising with the media public, as identifiedin the analyzed media texts.
“Never in my life have I heard such a load of absolute nonsense. Wtf.” Political satire on the handling of the COVID-19 crisis
Authors: Ponton Douglas M.
Published: September 2021

This paper problematises political satire in a time when the COVID-19 virus has provoked numerous deaths worldwide, and had dramatic effects on social behaviour, on a scale unknown in western nations since World War II. Most populations have endured lockdown, periods of enforced domestic imprisonment, which led to images of the empty streets of big cities appearing in media, symbols of the drastic changes that the health emergency was making necessary. Yet, from the outset, comic memes began to circulate across (social) media, while in mainstream print media political satirists continued to lampoon official responses to the ongoing crisis. The paper thus aims to explore the connection of political satire and humour, asking two principle research questions: firstly, how to explain the humorous effects of these multimodal artefacts in such depressing circumstances; secondly, from a pragmatic perspective, to account for their overall socio-political function.The study uses memes taken from various online sources (Facebook, Twitter, Google) during the crisis, analysed according to a mixed approach that blends notions from Humour studies, especially incongruity (Morreall 2016), with insights from linguistic pragmatics (e.g. Kecskes 2014). The findings emphasise the emotional dimension of this form of satire, as the memes work against the backdrop of a range of feelings (anger, bitterness, disappointment, frustration, despair, etc.), many of which have been widely generated by the COVID-19 crisis and political responses to it. In short, to paraphrase Walter Benjamin (2008: 378), man may run out of tears but not of laughter. The findings contribute to our understanding of online satire as an emergent genre, one that uses the affordances of new media to extend the social potentialities of a traditional subversive discourse form.
Crank-Nicolson finite difference schemes for parabolic optimal Dirichlet boundary control problem
Authors: Yang Caijie , Sun Tongjun
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we adopt the optimize-then-discretize approach to solve
parabolic optimal Dirichlet boundary control problem. First, we derive
the first-order necessary optimality system, which includes the state,
co-state equations and the optimality condition. Then, we propose
Crank-Nicolson finite difference schemes to discretize the optimality
system in 1D and 2D cases, respectively. In order to build the second
order spatial approximation, we use the ghost points on the boundary in
the schemes. We prove that the proposed schemes are unconditionally
stable, compatible and second-order convergent in both time and space.
To avoid solving the large coupled schemes directly, we use the
iterative method. Finally, we present a numerical example to validate
our theoretical analysis.
The relationship between species elevational range size of breeding birds, temperature range, primary productivity, habitat heterogeneity, and species richness: an empirical test of related environmental hypotheses and rescue effect in the Eastern Himalayas
Authors: Chen Shutian , Singh Paras , Hu Huijian , Ding Zhifeng , Zhou Zhixin , Rong Ke , Hu Yiming
Published: September 2021

Describing the pattern and variations in spatial pattern of biodiversity
and revealing its underlying mechanisms remain a central focus in
ecology. However, less attention was paid to the species range size, and
few studies have explored the drivers of species range size and the
relationship between species range size and species richness (rescue
effect). Here, we use a comprehensive dataset of breeding birds
collected from 2018 to 2019 along the elevational gradient in Lebu
Valley, Eastern Himalayas of China to explore the a) species mean
elevational range size pattern, b) drivers influencing species mean
elevational range size, and c) rescue effect. We found that species mean
elevational range size of birds in Lebu Valley was a hump-shaped pattern
(species mean elevational range size was largest at middle elevations),
and the annual temperature range and normalized vegetation index were
the most important explanatory variables for the species mean
elevational range size pattern. However, species mean elevational range
size was negatively correlated with the annual temperature range and
positively correlated with the normalized vegetation index,
respectively. These results were contrary to the predictions of the
climate variability hypothesis and the ambient energy hypothesis. In
addition, the correlation between species mean elevational range size
and habitat heterogeneity was weak, which indicated that the habitat
heterogeneity hypothesis also failed to predict the breeding bird mean
elevational range size pattern in Lebu Valley. Moreover, we found the
hump-shaped species richness pattern, which could also be resulted from
non-directional rescue effect. Given the uncertainty in mean elevational
range size pattern and the fact that much of the previous research has
rarely tested the relationship between species range size and richness
patterns, hypotheses explaining the elevational range size and the
underlying mechanisms should be tested in more studies of different taxa
and regions.
HYPOTHESIS: TETRACYCLINES FOR SEVERE COVID-19 – THE PERFECT REPURPOSING CANDIDATE?
Authors: Garrido-Mesa Jose , Adams Kate , Galvez Julio , Mesa Natividad Garrido
Published: September 2021

We would like to draw attention to the potential of immunomodulatory
tetracyclines for severe COVID-19. The COVID-19 pandemic is having a
devastating impact on developing countries. A successful approach to
manage the scarcity of cost-effective therapies worldwide is drug
repurposing. Predictions of direct anti-viral activity of tetracyclines
against SARS-CoV2 have been confirmed experimentally. Furthermore, their
effectiveness in experimental ARDS has been proven extensively,
counteracting the overt inflammatory reaction and fibrosis sequelae due
to a synergic combination of pharmacological activities. Finally, a few
clinical reports have confirmed their potentiall in COVID-19 patients,
encouraging the development of this novel indication. We believe that
the benefits of their multi-target pharmacology and their safety profile
place immunomodulatory tetracyclines as gold repurposing candidates for
COVID-19.
The management of pain due to cervical multilevel disc bulges and spinal stenosis with a novel wave treatment: A case report.
Authors: Abuomar Arwa , Albaradie Mohammed , Aldera Hussain , Vannabouathong Christopher , Bartel Lee
Published: September 2021

A patient presenting with low back pain received 18 novel treatments of
FDA approved low frequency sound wave stimulation known as Khan Kinetic
Treatment (KKT). Following KKT he demonstrated improvement in pain,
function, quality of life, sleep, and trunk range of motion with no
adverse events.
Eye trabecular meshwork engineered models and perfusion systems for the investigation of glaucoma disease
Authors: Izagirre Maria Bikuña , Aldazabal Javier , Extramiana Leire , Montañés Javier Moreno , Carnero Elena , Paredes Jacobo
Published: September 2021

Glaucoma is the second leading cause of irreversible blindness in the
world according to the World Health Organization. It is characterized by
the progressive degeneration of the optic nerve and despite the
significant advances in the field, a cure for glaucoma remains to be
found. The trabecular meshwork (TM) has been identified as the key
tissue that drives pressure regulation in eye. In this review, we look
over the main role of the aforementioned meshwork, as well as its
outflow physiology and pathology. Research in the field of glaucoma has
mostly progressed by employing animal models. However, these models are
often expensive, cumbersome and exhibit a high intra-species
variability. The lack of 3D in vitro models complicates the study of TM
pressure regulation mechanisms, which makes it difficult to make
progress in glaucoma research. In this paper, we review the time
evolution of glaucoma models and discuss the ways in which tissue
engineering fabrication techniques can be applied to create an
artificial TM that serves as a 3D in vitro model. We also study possible
outflow evaluation systems that are valid for both scaffold testing and
drug screening, which may improve the understanding of TM biology.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on acute otolaryngology inpatient activity at a tertiary referral centre: a retrospective analysis.
Authors: Deekonda Praveena , Mirza Adal , Jones Huw
Published: September 2021

Objective To determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on acute
admissions and inpatient activity at a tertiary referral centre. Design
Retrospective review of coding-based inpatient electronic records.
Setting An otolaryngology and head and neck surgery department at a UK
major trauma and tertiary referral centre. Participants Otolaryngology
patients admitted as an emergency over a period of 12 months pre-COVID19
(01/04/2019-31/03/2020) and 10 months post-COVID19
(01/04/2020-23/01/2021). Main outcome measures Baseline characteristics,
admission rates, length of stay (LoS), overall mortality and 30-day
mortality. Results 1844 records were reviewed; (1293 pre-COVID19, 551
post-COVID19). Admissions across all age groups were reduced, with an
increase in mean age from 40.4 to 47.4 years (p=0.001). LoS remained
unchanged (3.74 vs 3.82 days, p=0.251). Epistaxis remained the most
common presentation, with an increased LoS compared to the pre-COVID19
cohort. GP referrals reduced from 18.0% to 4.2% (n=233 vs n=23,
p<0.001) and ED referrals proportionally increased from 60.9%
to 75.3%, n=787 vs n=417, p<0.001). Critical care admissions
were higher in the post-COVID19 cohort (OR 1.82 (1.11-2.99) [95%
CI], p=0.017). There was no significant difference in overall
mortality between groups (n=74, 5.7% vs. n=33, 6.0%; p=0.844).
Thirty-day mortality increased from 0.9% (n=12) pre-COVID19 to 2.3%
(n=13) post-COVID19 (p=0.03). Conclusions This study demonstrates
significant changes and a reduction in acute otolaryngology
presentations. Our findings suggest that sicker, frailer patients were
admitted during the pandemic. This study highlights important
considerations for acute otolaryngology care moving forward after the
pandemic.
Response to Pazopanib-based Combination Regimen in a Case of FGFR3 Amplified Gastric Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Limaye Sewanti , Patil Darshana , Akolkar Dadasaheb , Srivastava Navin , Patil Revati , Apurwa Sachin , Patil Sanket , John Jinumary , Gosavi Rahul , Nesargikar Prabhu , Kumar Prashant , Datta Vineet , Bose Chirantan , Raazi Zarrine , Srinivasan Ajay , Datar Rajan
Published: September 2021

We report a case of an advanced refractory Gastric AD which responded
favourably to a combination regimen of AGI and other chemotherapy agents
which were selected on the basis of multi-analyte tumor profiling. The
treatment was well tolerated with transient manageable adverse events
and yielded radiological partial response.
Impact of Direct-acting Antiviral Agents on Glycometabolism in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Li Bing , Zeng Qinglei , Wang Qian , Li Hongyi , Li Xiaoli , Yang Shengnan , Tian Rui , qin shaoyou
Published: September 2021

Background and aims: The type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a
common comorbidity of chronic hepatitis C (CHC). This study intended to
investigate the impact of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs)-induced
sustained virological response (SVR) on glycometabolism in CHC patients
with T2DM. Methods: We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science,
and Embase up to July 7th, 2021. Studies reporting the association
between DAA-induced SVR and glycometabolism in diabetic patients were
retained. Changes in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting plasma
glucose (FPG) levels before DAA treatment and after SVR were conducted
meta-analyses with random-effects models. Results: 1371
potentially relevant articles were screened. Our analysis included 16
studies with data for 5024 patients. A significant improvement was noted
in glycemic control in SVR group, with a mean HbA1c reduction of 0.57%
(95% CI: 0.46–0.69%; I=72.8%) and FPG reduction
of 22.28mg/dL (95% CI: 13.35–31.21mg/dL;
I=96.18%). Conversely, changes of HbA1c in non-SVR
group were a mean increase of 0.03% (95% CI: -0.15–0.22%;
I=68.75%). Subgroup analyses about HbA1c and FPG
classified by study type both showed decline of the two indicators after
SVR, and especially a reduction of HbA1c, 0.52% (95% CI: 0.39–0.65%;
I=73.5%) in retrospective study subgroup and 0.70%
(95% CI: 0.54–0.87%; I=36.15%) in prospective
study subgroup, indicating lower heterogeneity in prospective studies.
Egger’s test suggested publication bias in impact of DAAs on FPG, and no
publication bias in impact on HbA1c. Sensitivity analyses confirmed
robustness of the results. Conclusion: The glyco-metabolic
control improved in terms of HbA1c and FPG level after DAA-induced SVR.
However, further large and well-designed prospective cohort studies are
still warranted and a prolonged follow-up is needed.
The Enlargement Rate of Ventricular Septal Rupture: An Overlooked Risk Factor of Delayed Surgery
Authors: Ju Fan , Yuan Xin , Li Baotong , Luo Xiaokang , Wu Hengchao , Yang Tao , Sun Hansong
Published: September 2021

Objective: The aim of the study was to analyze the impact of rupture
size on surgical outcomes of ventricular septal rupture. Methods: During
a 15-year period, from Jan 2006 to Dec 2020, 112 patients underwent
repairs of postinfarction ventricular septal rupture. Data were
collected on clinical, angiographic, and echocardiographic findings;
operative procedures; early morbidity and mortality; and survival time.
Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to identify risk
factors of 30-day mortality. Results: Thirty-day mortality was 7.1% for
the whole cohort. The mean survival time estimate was 147.2 (95% Cl
135.6-158.9) months, with a 3-year survival rate of 91.2% and a 5-year
survival rate of 89.0%. Multivariable analysis regarded rupture
enlargement gradient as an independent risk factor of 30-day mortality.
The ROC curve indicated that rupture enlargement gradient predicted
30-day mortality with high accuracy. Conclusions: Delayed surgery could
be considered for patients who respond well to aggressive treatment.
Rupture enlargement gradient is an independent risk factor for
postoperative 30-days morality of delayed VSR repair and has good
predictive power for the prognosis of VSR patients.
Transcriptome Analysis and Molecular Characterization of Olfactory Binding Protein genes in Parasitoid wasp Anagrus nilaparvatae（Hymenoptera: Mymaridae）
Authors: Ma Yin , Huang Tingfa , Tang Binjie , Wang Bingyang , Liu Jianbai , Zhou Qiang
Published: September 2021

Anagrus nilaparvatae is an important egg parasitoid wasps of rice pests
rice planthopper. Based on the powerful olfactory system of sensing
chemical information in nature, A. nilaparvatae shows complicated life
activities and behaviors, such as feeding, mating and hosting. In this
study, we constructed a full-length transcriptome library and further to
identify the characteristics of olfactory binding proteins, the first
participant in the olfactory system. Through full-length transcriptome
sequencing, splicing, assembly, and data correction by Illumina, we
obtained 163.59Mb of transcriptome data and 501,179 items of annotation
information, and performed GO functional classification of unigenes of
the transcriptome. We analyzed the sequence characteristics of olfactory
binding protein genes, and 8 genes (AnilOBP2, AnilOBP9 AnilOBP23,
AnilOBP56, AnilOBP83, AnilCSP5, AnilCSP6 and AnilNPC2) were identified.
After sequence alignment and conserved domain prediction, the 8 proteins
were consistent with the typical characteristics of OBPs, CSPs and NPC2s
in insects. The phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the 8 genes share
low homology relationship with other species in Hymenopteran. Finally,
RT-qPCR was used to analyze the expression responses of the 8 genes in
different genders and stimulated by volatiles. The relative expression
levels of AnilOBP9, AnilOBP26, AnilOBP83, AnilCSP5 and AnilNPC2 in males
were significantly higher than those in female, while the relative
expression levels of AnilCSP6 were opposite. The expression levels of
AnilOBP9 and AnilCSP6 were significantly altered by the stimulation of
β-caryophylene, suggesting the two genes may be related to host
searching. In this study, the transcriptome data of parasitoid wasps A.
nilaparvatae could provide a reference for the molecular biology
research of the parasitoids, and the identification and analysis of
olfactory binding proteins not only help us further clarify the
physiological characteristics and parasitic mechanism of the
parasitoids, but also promote the utilization of natural enemy
resources.
Bowel Ischemia in COVID-19: A Systematic Review
Authors: Patel Suyog , Parikh Chamry , Verma Deepak , Sundararajan Ramaswamy , Agrawal Upasana , Bheemisetty Niharika , Akku Radhika , Velazco Diana Sánchez , Waleed Madeeha Subhan
Published: September 2021

Abstract: Background: Gastrointestinal complications of this COVID-19
have been reported over the last year. One such manifestation is bowel
ischemia. This study thus aims to provide a more holistic review of our
current understanding of COVID-19 induced bowel ischemia. Method and
Results: A meticulous search was performed using different keywords in
PubMed, EMBASE, and Google Scholar. Fifty-two articles were included in
our study after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria and performing
the qualitative assessment of the studies. A total of 25,702 patients
were included in our study after the completion of the qualitative
assessment. Discussion: COVID-19 commonly presents in the GIT as
diarrhea, vomiting, and nausea. The mechanism of bowel ischemia is
associated with the formation of emboli which is related to COVID-19’s
high affinity for angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 on enterocytes,
affecting the superior mesenteric vessels. Clinically, patients
presented with abdominal pain and vomiting. CT angiography of the
abdomen and pelvis showed acute mesenteric ischemia. Management was
usually initiated with gastric decompression, fluid resuscitation, and
hemodynamic support. Surgical intervention was also sought. Conclusion:
Mesenteric ischemia presenting in patients with COVID-19 has to be
considered when symptoms of severe abdominal pain are present. More
research and guidelines are required to be able to triage patients with
COVID-19 to suspect mesenteric ischemia and to help in diagnosis and
management.
Revealing Failure Modes and Effect of Catalyst Layer Properties for PEM Fuel Cell Cold Start using an Agglomerate Model
Authors: Yang Liu , Cao Chenxi , Gan Quanquan , Pei Hao , Zhang Qi , Li Ping
Published: September 2021

We propose a dynamic proton exchange membrane fuel cell model for cold
start simulation in account for reactant transport, water phase-transfer
and electrochemical reactions within catalyst agglomerates. The
competition between in-agglomerate concentration loss and coverage of
active electrocatalytic surface is shown to create different failure
modes for low and high start-up currents. The critical ice fraction of
failure was studied for different catalyst layer (CL) thickness and
ionomer to carbon ratios (I/C) at 0.4 A cm-2. Thicker cathode CLs allow
cold start to proceed with higher ice fractions. In contrast, larger
cathode I/Cs causes cold-start failure at lower ice fractions because of
reduction of the CL porosity and agglomerate pore sizes that
significantly increases the oxygen transport resistance. By utilizing
the electro-osmotic drag effect, slightly thick anode CL could act as
effective heat sources during cold start at high currents with minimal
impact on the nominal cell performance.
Zebrafish Larva’s Response and Habituation to Electric Signal: Effects of Voltage, Current and Pulsation Studied in a Microfluidic Device
Authors: Khalili Arezoo , Wijngaarden Ellen van , Zoidl Georg , Rezai Pouya
Published: September 2021

We previously showed that electric current can cause zebrafish larvae to
move towards the anode pole along a microchannel. For a semi-mobile
larva, we observed that zebrafish response to electricity depended on
the current magnitude. The effects of electric signal direction, voltage
magnitude and habituation to repeated exposures to electric pulses were
not characterized. Here, this knowledge gap was addressed by exploiting
these parameters in a microfluidic device with a head-trap to immobilize
a zebrafish larva and a downstream chamber for tail movement and
phenotypic characterization of response duration (RD) and tail beat
frequency (TBF). We first assessed larvae’s response to electric current
direction (at 3µA) and voltage magnitude. Changing the current direction
significantly altered the RD and TBF with long and low-frequency
responses seen when the anode was positioned at larvae’s tail. The
electric voltage drop across the fish body had a significant effect on
larvae’s locomotion with long RD and low TBF observed at 5.6V in the
range of 1.3-9V. We also demonstrated that the zebrafish locomotor
response to repeated 3µA current pulses diminished with dependency on
the interstimulus interval. However, the diminished response was fully
recovered after a 5-min resting period or introduction of a novel light
stimulus (i.e. habituation-dishabituation strategy). Therefore, electric
response suppression in zebrafish was attributed to the habituation as a
form of non-associative learning. Our microfluidic platform has broad
application potential in behavioral neuroscience to study cognitive
phenotypes, fundamental studies on the biological roots of electric
response, and pharmacological screening.
Novel cardiac manifestation of USH2A and GJB2 genes: A case report
Authors: Nikoo Mohammad , Hatamnejad Mohammad Reza , Emkanjoo Zahra , Arjangzadeh Alireza , moadab Mehdi Motahari , Bazrafshan Mehdi , Bazrafshan Hamed
Published: September 2021

Electrical storm can be caused by structural heart diseases and/or
functional electrical abnormalities. We report a young boy without
cardiac risk factors, having a positive family history of sudden cardiac
death who presented with electrical storm. Stepwise diagnostic approach
was not fruitful to determine previously known causes as the origin of
the electrical storm. A new genotype related to the current electrical
storm has been found, and intracardiac pacing ceased it.
Clinical analysis of percutaneous closure atrial septal defects guided by thoracic echocardiography (Report of 90 cases)
Authors: li chunping , Huang Feng
Published: September 2021

Objective :The purpose of this research is to explore the clinical
application prospect of percutaneous closure atrial septal defects
guided by thoracic echocardiography. Methods : Selected 90 inpatients
who were pure atrial septal defects from sep 2014 to December 2019,
Under local anesthesia via femoral vein puncture closure atrial septal
defects guided by thoracic echocardiography, Real-time evaluatie
plugging result.The patients underwent follow-up echocardiography at 3
days, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months after surgery．Results
Intraoperative occlusion was not successful in 3 cases（The plug is not
fixed firmly, so withdraw the plug）， Occluder were successfully
implanted in 87 patients, there were no serious complications such as
valvular injury、pericardial effusion、occluder off,five patients had a
little residual shunt in 3 days after surgery, residual shunt disapper
after 3 months underwent follow-up echocardiography, the rest of the
patients does not appear residual shunt.. Conclusion :Percutaneous
closure atrial septal defects guided by thoracic echocardiography had
Superiority such as simplicity of operator、shorter operator
time、less-injury、safety、fast recovery,the surgery has a broad clinic
prospects．
A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS TO ASSESS THE SIGNIFICANCE OF MICROBIAL INFECTIONS IN ZEBRA
Authors: Cossu Carlo Andrea , Bhoora Raksha Vasantrai , Cassini Rudi , Heerden Henriette van
Published: September 2021

Wild equids can harvest multiple-host infectious agents that are able to
affect other wildlife species, but also domestic animals and humans. The
contact between wild and domestic equids is constantly increasing due to
the depletion of natural areas, climate and land-usage changes, which
could result in burdensome epidemics. Nevertheless, currently there is a
lack of adequate epidemiological data from zebra. Three electronic
databases were searched from 10 to 20 March 2021 for publications
reporting bacterial, viral and protozoan infections in zebra. Data for a
total of 12 nominal variables were extracted from reviewed papers to
undergo a qualitative analysis on microbial infections in zebra.
Prevalence-reporting studies were subjected to meta-analysis for
estimating the pooled prevalence and seroprevalence of infectious agents
in wild zebra populations. We identified 29 pathogen species and the
most represented were Equine Herpesvirus 1 and 9, Bacillus
anthracis, African Horse Sickness virus and Theileria equi. They
were reported from all the three zebra species, both in captivity and
wilderness. Pooled seroprevalences were estimated for the equine
Orbiviruses AHSV (70%; 95%CI: 35-96%) and EEV (21%; 95%CI: 8-38%)
and for the equine α -Herpesviruses EHV-1 (72%; 95%CI: 43-93%), EHV-4
(40%; 95%CI: 0-100%) and EHV-9 (58%; 95%CI: 9-98%), and pooled
prevalences for the equine piroplasms T. equi (100%; 95%CI:
94-100%) and B. caballi (8%; 95%CI: 0-28%). Zebra is most
probably a reservoir from which AHSV, EHV-1 and T. equi can be
transmitted to horse populations, potentially causing disastrous
epidemics. Zebra can also harvest zoonotic pathogens like B.
anthracis, A. phagocytophylum, CCHFV and T. brucei. Other agents
like EHV-9, BPV-1 and BPV-2 have the potential to spread from zebra to
other wild endangered animal species. We conclude that zebra is an
important host for multiple and dangerous pathogens. Alert and
epidemiological research should be increased on infectious agents of
zebra.
Reducing the Eltonian shortfall with trophic interaction models
Authors: Caron Dominique , Maiorano Luigi , Thuiller Wilfried , Pollock Laura J.
Published: September 2021

While species interactions are fundamental for linking biodiversity to
ecosystem functioning and for conservation, large-scale empirical data
are lacking for most species and ecosystems. Accumulating evidence
suggests that trophic interactions are predictable from available
functional trait information, but we have yet to understand how well we
can predict interactions across large spatial scales and food webs.
Here, we built a model predicting predator-prey interactions based on
functional traits for European vertebrates. We found that even models
calibrated with very few known interactions (100 out of 71k) estimated
the entire food web reasonably well. However, predators were easier to
predict than prey, with prey in some clades being particularly difficult
to predict (e.g., fowls and storks). Local food web connectance was also
consistently over-estimated. Our results demonstrate the potential for
filling gaps in sparse food webs, an important step towards a better
description of biodiversity with strong implications for conservation
planning.
Association between diet quality during preconception or pregnancy and adverse perinatal outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yu Yamei , Hardy Isabelle , Sun Wenguang , Dean Fergusson , Zhou Yulai , Feng Cindy , Ouyang Fengxiu , Marc Isabelle , Fraser William , Dubois Lise
Published: September 2021

Background: Although women are encouraged to achieve good diet quality
in preconception and pregnancy, the benefits on perinatal outcomes have
not been established. Objective: To systematically review and quantify
the association between diet quality and adverse perinatal outcomes.
Search strategy: Medline, Embase, Food Science and Technology Abstracts
and CINAHL were searched up to 5th March 2020. Selection criteria: Two
authors independently screened, selected and coded relevant prospective
cohort studies. Data collection and analysis: Thirty-three studies
(315,431 participants) were included in the meta-analysis. Odds ratios
and mean differences from individual studies were pooled using
random-effects models. Main Results: The pooled results for the
association between diet quality and excessive (OR: 0.91; 95 CI: 0.76,
1.10) or inadequate (OR: 0.90; 95 CI: 0.70, 1.17) gestational weight
gain were not statistically significant. Women in the top tertile of
diet quality scores during prepregnancy or pregnancy had a lower risk of
gestational diabetes (OR: 0.77; 95 CI: 0.65, 0.90), hypertensive
disorders of pregnancy (OR: 0.87; 95 CI: 0.83, 0.92), preterm birth (OR:
0.77; 95 CI: 0.66, 0.89), small for gestational age (OR: 0.88; 95 CI:
0.79, 0.99) and low birth weight (OR: 0.60; 95 CI: 0.37, 0.99) compared
to those in the bottom tertile. No studies were found for delivery mode.
Conclusions: Data from prospective cohort studies support the potential
of improving maternal diet quality in the effort to prevent adverse
perinatal outcomes. Funding: Canadian Institutes of Health Research HLT
151517, National Natural Sciences Foundation of China No. 81661128010
Keywords: Diet quality, perinatal outcomes.
Early diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma may ensure better prognosis: a case series
Authors: Bramati Chiara , Abati Silvio , Bondi Stefano , Lissoni Alessandra , Arrigoni Gianluigi , Filipello Federica , Trimarchi Matteo
Published: September 2021

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a malignancy with high mortality
and morbidity. Early diagnosis and treatment of OSCC and other
potentially malignant lesions of the oral mucosa is the clinician’s best
weapon to improve prognosis, since it greatly worsens as the disease
becomes more advanced.
CD103 integrin identifies a high IL-10-producing FoxP3 + regulatory T cell population suppressing allergic airway inflammation
Authors: Tagkareli Sofia , Salagianni Maria , Galani Ioanna , Manioudaki Maria , Pavlos Eleftherios , Thanopoulou Kalliopi , Andreakos Evangelos
Published: September 2021

Background: Although FoxP3 regulatory T
(Treg) cells constitute a highly heterogeneous population, with
different regulatory potential depending on the disease context,
distinct subsets or phenotypes remain poorly defined. This hampers the
development of immunotherapy for allergic and autoimmune disorders.
Objective: This study aimed at characterizing distinct FoxP3
Treg subpopulations involved in the suppression of
Th2-mediated allergic inflammation in the lung. Methods: We
used an established mouse model of allergic airway disease based on
ovalbumin sensitization and challenge to analyze FoxP3
Tregs during the induction and resolution of
inflammation, and identify markers that distinguish their most
suppressive phenotypes. We also developed a new knock-in mouse model (
Foxp3Cd103) enabling
the specific ablation of CD103 FoxP3
Tregs for functional studies. Results: We
found that during resolution of allergic airway inflammation in mice
>50% of FoxP3 Treg cells expressed the
integrin CD103 which marks FoxP3 Treg cells of high
IL-10 production, increased expression of immunoregulatory molecules
such as KLRG1, ICOS and CD127, and enhanced suppressive capacity for
Th2-mediated inflammatory responses. CD103 FoxP3
Tregs were essential for keeping allergic
inflammation under control as their specific depletion in
Foxp3Cd103 mice lead to
severe alveocapillary damage, eosinophilic pneumonia, and markedly
reduced lifespan of the animals. Conversely, adoptive transfer of CD103
FoxP3 Tregs effectively treated
disease, attenuating Th2 responses and allergic inflammation in an
IL-10-dependent manner. Conclusion: Our study identifies a
novel regulatory T cell population, defined by CD103 expression,
programmed to prevent exuberant type 2 inflammation and keep homeostasis
in the respiratory tract under control. This has important therapeutic
implications.
FRACTIONAL APPROXIMATIONS OF THERMOELASTIC PLATE SYSTEMS
Authors: Bezerra Flank , FEITOSA CÁSSIO
Published: September 2021

Let $\Omega$ be a bounded domain in
$\mathbb{R}^N$ with $N\geqslant
2$, which boundary $\partial\Omega$ is
assumed to be a $\mathcal{C}^4$-hypersurface. In
this paper we consider the initial-boundary value problem associated
with the following thermoelastic plate system \[
\begin{cases} \partial_t^2u
+\Delta^2
u+\Delta\theta=f(u),\ &
x\in\Omega,\
t>0, \\
\partial_t\theta-\Delta
\theta-\Delta
\partial_tu=0,\ &
x\in\Omega,\
t>0, \end{cases} \]
subject to boundary conditions \[
\begin{cases} u=\Delta
u=0,\ &
x\in\partial\Omega,\
t>0,\\
\theta=0,\ &
x\in\partial\Omega,\
t>0, \end{cases} \] and
initial conditions \[ u(x,0)=u_0(x),\
\partial_tu(x,0)=v_0(x)\
\mbox{and}\
\theta(x,0)=\theta_0(x),\
x\in\Omega. \] We
calculate explicit the fractional powers of the thermoelastic plate
operator associated with this system via Balakrishnan integral formula
and we present a fractional approximated system. We obtain a result of
local well-posedness of the thermoelastic plate system and of its
fractional approximations via geometric theory of semilinear parabolic
systems.
Sputum metabolomic profiling revels metabolic pathways and signatures associated with inflammatory phenotypes in patients with asthma
Authors: Liu Ying , Zhang Xin , Zhang Li , Oliver Brian , Wang Hong Guang , Liu Zhi Peng , Chen Zhihong , Wood Lisa , Hsu Alan , Xie Min , McDonald Vanessa , Wan Hua Jing , Luo Feng Ming , Liu Dan , Li Wei Min , Wang Gang
Published: September 2021

Background: The molecular links between metabolism and
inflammation that drive different inflammatory phenotypes in asthma are
poorly understood. Objectives: To identify the metabolic
signatures and underlying molecular pathways of different inflammatory
asthma phenotypes. Method: In the discovery set (n=119),
untargeted ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–mass
spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) were applied to characterize the induced sputum
metabolic profiles from asthmatic patients classified by different
inflammatory phenotypes using orthogonal partial least-squares
discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and pathway topology enrichment
analysis. In the validation set (n = 114), differential metabolites were
selected to perform targeted quantification. Correlations between
targeted metabolites and clinical indexes in asthma patients were
analyzed. Logistic and negative binomial regression models were
established to assess the association between metabolites and severe
asthma exacerbation. Results: 77 differential metabolites were
identified in the discovery set. Pathway topology analysis uncovered
that histidine metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, nicotinate
and nicotinamide metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, phenylalanine,
tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis were involved in the pathogenesis
of different asthma phenotypes. In the validation set, 24 targeted
quantification metabolites were significantly differentially expressed
between asthma inflammatory phenotypes. Finally, adenosine
5’-monophosphate (RRadj = 1.000, 95%CI = [1.000, 1.000], P =
0.050), allantoin (RRadj = 1.000, 95%CI = [1.000, 1.000], P
= 0.043) and nicotinamide (RRadj = 1.001, 95%CI = [1.000, 1.002],
P = 0.021) were demonstrated to predict severe asthma
exacerbation rate ratios. Conclusions: Different inflammatory
asthma phenotypes have specific metabolic profiles in induced sputum.
The potential metabolic signatures may serve as identification and
therapeutic target in different inflammatory asthma phenotypes.
Rapid cGMP Manufacturing of COVID-19 monoclonal antibody using stable CHO cell pools
Authors: Agostinetto Rita , Dawson Jessica , Lim Angela , Hejjaoui-simoneau Mirva , Boucher Cyril , Valldorf Bernhard , Ross-gillespie Adin , Jardine Joseph , Sok Devin , Burton Dennis , Hassell Thomas , Broly Hervé , Palinsky Wolf , Dupraz Philippe , Feinberg Mark , Dey Antu
Published: September 2021

Therapeutic proteins, including monoclonal antibodies, are typically
manufactured using clonally-derived, stable host cell lines, since
consistent and predictable cell culture performance is highly desirable.
However, selecting and preparing banks of stable clones takes
considerable time, which inevitably extends overall development
timelines for new therapeutics by delaying the start of subsequent
activities, such as the scale-up of manufacturing processes. In the
context of the COVID-19 pandemic, with its intense pressure for
accelerated development strategies, we used a novel transposon-based
Leap-In Transposase® system to rapidly generate high-titer stable pools
and then used them directly for large scale-manufacturing of an
anti-SARS-CoV2 monoclonal antibody under cGMP. We performed the safety
testing of our non-clonal cell bank, then used it to produce material at
a 200L-scale for pre-clinical safety studies and formulation development
work, and thereafter at 2000L scale for supply of material for a Phase 1
clinical trial. Testing demonstrated the comparability of critical
product qualities between the two scales and, more importantly, that our
final clinical trial product met all pre-set product quality
specifications. The above expediated approach provided clinically-ready
material within 4.5 months, in comparison to 12-14 months for production
of clinical trial material via the conventional approach.
PREWARMING FOR PREVENTION OF PERIOPERATIVE HYPOTHERMIA IN PATIENTS WITH COMBINED EPIDURAL AND GENERAL ANESTHESIA: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Authors: Pham Dang Tinh , Le Thi Ngoc , Phan Ton Ngoc Vu , Bhandari Parshal , Zia Sairah , Turnage Morgan , Ali Fatmaelzahraa Yasser , Huy Nguyen Tien
Published: September 2021

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to access the influence of active
warming after epidural anesthesia (EDA) and before general anesthesia in
prevention of perioperative hypothermia. METHOD This randomized
controlled trial was conducted in the department of anesthesiology in
university medical center of Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam from December
2019 until April 2020. This trial included 60 adult patients who were
scheduled for major abdominal surgery with a duration of at least 120
minutes and under combined general anesthesia and EDA. Patients were
excluded if age was below 18 years, American Society Anesthesiologists’
physical status classification of IV or higher, or refusal of EDA.
Written informed consent was obtained for all patients. Patients were
divided randomly into two groups. The first group received 10 minutes of
active air-forced warming after EDA before the induction of general
anesthesia. The second group was covered with a blanket 10 minutes after
EDA and before general anesthesia. Core temperatures were recorded
throughout the study. The primary outcome measures were the incidence of
perioperative hypothermia and the degree of hypothermia. The secondary
outcome measures were rate and time for body temperature to return to
normal and incidence of postoperative body shivering. RESULTS Without
active warming (n = 21), 70% of patients became hypothermic
(<36°C) postoperatively. Active air-forced warming for 10
minutes after EDA and before induction of general anesthesia decreased
the incidence of postoperative hypothermia to 26.7% (n = 8). CONCLUSION
Active air-forced warming for 10 minutes after EDA and before induction
of general anesthesia is efficient in reducing the incidence of
perioperative hypothermia.
Land use and cover change in Northeast China and its impacts on the Xing'an permafrost in 1980-2020
Authors: Wang Hongwei , Jin Huijun , Li Xiaoying , He Ruixia , Șerban Raul-David , Jin Xiaoying , Yang Xue , Șerban Mihaela , Yang Suiqiao , Wang Wenhui
Published: September 2021

Vegetation plays important roles in the development and protection of
permafrost; it is one of the main local and ecosystemic factors that
affect the thermal stability of the underlying soil strata. Multi-period
land use and cover change (LUCC) data and long-time series of air
temperature were chosed. Based on these data, spatiotemporal changes in
mean annual air temperature (MAAT) were simulated by the Ordinary Least
Squares (OLS) method and Ordinary Kriging (OK) model in the 1980s-2010s
in Northeast China. The influences of LUCC on MAAT in Northeast China
and distribution of the Xing’an permafrost were analyzed and the results
showed that: (1) Decadal average of MAAT increased from 4.60oC (1980s)
to 5.38oC (2010s) in Northeast China, with an upward trend of
0.25oC/10a. (2) During the 1980s to 2010s, the total permafrost area
showed a decreasing trend (3.668×104 km2/10a). (3) In permafrost
regions, LUCC had undergone significant structural changes: forested
land showed a consistent decreasing trend and other lands showed an
overall increasing trend. (4) The effects of different LUCC on MAAT in
the permafrost region varied substantially. The mean MAAT of forested
land was the lowest (2.33oC), and; that of unused land, the highest
(0.37oC). The change rate in MAAT of cultivated land was the highest
(0.37oC/10a), and; that of unused land, the lowest (0.28oC/10a). (5) The
degradation rates of permafrost in forested land (1.822×104 km2/10a)
and grassland (1.397×104 km2/10a) were the largest from 1980s to 2010s.