bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Culture of Science and Science Policy Making: A Qualitative Study of Solar Photovoltaic (spv) Technology Development in India
Authors: Devaraj P. , Haribabu E.
Published: May 2019

Employing Mode 2 science perspective, the present study attempts to understand the interaction of culture of science and science policy making in Solar Photovoltaic (spv) research and technology development in India. Despite an early start, India has been lacking in the process of development and deployment of spv technologies since the 1960s. The study explores the factors that affected the spv research and technology development programmes in India. Using in-depth and semi-structured interviews, data were collected from scientists located in different academic and R&D institutions engaged in production of application oriented knowledge. The study points out that over time the conditions of spv research have been mediated by the problematic construction of public policy making in the area of energy. Unimaginative and half-hearted approach to policy making contributed to discontinuous production of knowledge and made spv technology and industrial development insignificant. This kind of ambience produced multiple effects like little or no interaction between academia-industry interaction, and crisis in the production of scientific knowledge, alienation of scientific community. The study concludes that spv science and technology development was considered at one stage as inappropriate to the Indian context for various reasons, and consequently failed to develop the strategic and commercial area of research like silicon.
Global Capitalism and the Neoliberal Privatization of Energy Reserves: A Mexico Case Study
Authors: del Castillo-Mussot Marcelo , Montemayor-Aldrete Jorge A. , Sprague-Silgado Jeb , de la Lama Garcia Alfredo
Published: May 2019

In 2013 state officials operating through the three federal government branches of Mexico mutilated the country’s constitution, privatizing upwards of seventy-five percent of the country’s hydrocarbon reserves. This article suggests that this neoliberal strategy, carried out by transnationally oriented elites operating through state apparatuses in Mexico (and promoted by officials in Washington and within the International Financial Institutions), is meant to benefit transnational capital. Such drastic change to Mexico’s legal order, we argue, in fact violated the country’s constitution and symbolized a break with the country’s earlier model of development. The federal government’s anti-constitutional behavior, specifically its violation of Article 136 of the constitution, provides a legal basis for dismissing top officials from their posts and moving toward a constitutional assembly.
Legalizing Illegitimate Large-Scale Land Deals for Commercial Agriculture in Cameroon
Authors: Fonjong Lotsmart , Fokum Sama-Lang Irene Dione N. , Fombe Lawrence , Abonge Christiana
Published: May 2019

Many communities in Cameroon are fast losing large expanse of ancestral land in the wake of a global land rush to local and foreign capitalists operating in the mining and agricultural sectors. This study examines the legal status of commercial land acquisition, the extent to which investors are complying with the law, and the land rights of those affected. It is based on primary data collected through interviews conducted among local administrative and traditional authorities, community members, and civil society organizations. The article highlights how agro-investors with complicity of the State have exploited weakness in Cameroon land laws to dispossess poor communities from ancestral lands. Findings indicate that in violating both laws and due processes to acquire land, the current land rush has left affected communities impoverished and without land and security. Commercial agriculture has displaced communities from traditional sources of livelihood to promote international capitalist interest.
Save Mary Jane Veloso: Solidarity and Global Migrant Activism in the Filipino Labor Diaspora
Authors: Francisco-Menchavez Valerie
Published: May 2019

On April 29, 2015, Mary Jane Veloso, a Filipina migrant worker who was sentenced to death in Indonesia for trafficking heroin into the country, was granted a stay of execution by Indonesian President Joko Widodo. In this article, I argue that transnational networks activated by this case exemplify the power of systematic migrant worker organizing both in Filipino diasporic sites where Filipinos migrant use ongoing local campaign work against precarity to create migrant class consciousness in critique of neoliberalism and the Philippine state.
Palestinian Women’s Participation in the Labor Force in the West Bank: Realities, Challenges, and Solutions
Authors: Jabali Oqab Mahmoud
Published: May 2019

The Palestinian labor force has witnessed many structural changes; most of them are not to the benefit of workers mainly women. It is characterized by a lack of security, low women participation, gender inequality, low wages, and absence of benefits. This study aims to identify the Palestinian policies adopted to increase women’s participation in labor force and the reality of such participation on the ground. It also aims to explore obstacles (political, legal, social, and economic) that limit their participation in the labor market using a descriptive-analytical approach based on the most recent statistics and surveys. The study results show that although women’s participation is increasing, it is still below worldwide levels due to social, economic, legal, and political impediments. The researcher recommends the necessity of raising society awareness of women’s employment, and that more jobs are to be provided for women by the private and public sectors.
Microfinance: An Intervention for HIV/AIDS Awareness among Indian Women
Authors: Singh Swati , Celebi Mehmet
Published: May 2019

This article examines a major health issue, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS), affecting the lives of many women and families in India. Developmental programs working to promote HIV/AIDS awareness have been slow and relatively ineffective as it is considered “immoral” and socially unacceptable in the country. Under such conditions, the study provides promising results of intervention programs, such as microfinance, as an effective medium to spread awareness of the infection. The findings are important for policy makers as they provide them with a framework that can help in expanding the reach and delivery of information, especially to the targeted population.
When Will the Cessation of Speaking in Tongues and Revelatory Gifts Take Place?
Authors: Oropeza B.J.
Published: May 2019

This article discusses recent interpretations of 1 Corinthians 13:8–10, particularly those of biblical scholars Daniel B. Wallace and James W. Scott. Both scholars advocate for the cessation of speaking in tongues, and they avoid the classic argument that the “perfect” in this passage refers to the close of the biblical canon and full revelation of Scripture. Rather, Wallace argues from the middle voice in Greek for the early cessation of speaking in tongues, and Scott argues from the delayed Parousia for the cessation of tongues and revelatory gifts. This article responds to their arguments and reaffirms that Paul is claiming here that speaking in tongues and revelatory gifts will not cease until the Parousia takes place.
Holding My Anchor in Turbulent Waters
Authors: Bangura Joseph Bosco
Published: May 2019

Migration has not only led to the growth of African Pentecostalism in Belgium, it has also ignited interest in Pentecostalism’s conceptions of God. This article discusses African Pentecostalism’s articulation of its beliefs about God in an overtly disenchanted Belgian public sphere in which religion is impugned. This article contends that in the secularized West, African Pentecostalism presents a view of God as the anchor of stability in turbulent waters. This God, African Pentecostals aver, is the structuring principle who sustains human well-being. For this reason, praises, prayers, and prophetic proclamations are offered to God, from whom the pentecostal faithful expect healing, deliverance, and miracles.
The Protection of Minors in UAE Law as Persons in Need: An Analytical Study
Authors: Jadalhaq Iyad Mohammad , al-Qatawnah Ibrahim Sulaiman
Published: May 2019

This article reviews the legal regime for the protection of minors in the UAE. First, the rights of minors protected under threat of criminal sanctions, as enshrined in the UAE Children Rights Law 2016, is addressed. Subsequently, the protection of minors in civil legislation, especially with regard to financial transactions, is considered by examining the legal effects of acts performed by minors themselves or by agents on their behalf. The legal authority of a minor’s agent to act on his/her behalf is outlined and the consequences of acts performed by the minor or his/her agent beyond legal limits is presented. Finally, the role of the Social Care and Minors Affairs Foundation (SCMAF) is considered when caring for minors and protecting their property. The article concludes with an assessment of the legal regime for the protection of minors, especially in connection with financial transactions, evaluates the guarantees and safeguards included therein, and issues some additional recommendations.
“Einen Newen Reformatorem”
Authors: Rose Dirk
Published: May 2019

The essay focuses on the drama-pieces planned by Martin Rinckart to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the Reformation in 1617. They are concentrated around Martin Luther as a “hero” for the protestant confession, like in Der Eißlebische Christliche Ritter where Luther figures as a warrior of true belief. Special attention is paid first to the relation between text and music with regard to the performances of the pieces; and second to the question why Rinckart has obviously realized only three of the seven planned pieces about the reformation and Luther. For answering, the essay argues that the reform in poetics and poetry initiated by Martin Opitz has challenged the poetical concept of Rinckart’s pieces in such a way that he was unable to continue them. Ironically, his most famous religious poem Nun danket alle Gott has been rescued out of the wreckage of his ambitious plan of a Luther-Heptalogy.
Bones of Contention: China’s World War II Military Graves in India, Burma, and Papua New Guinea
Authors: Vu Linh D.
Published: May 2019

Exploring the construction and maintenance of Nationalist Chinese soldiers’ graves overseas, this article sheds light on post-World War II commemorative politics. After having fought for the Allies against Japanese aggression in the China-Burma-India Theater, the Chinese expeditionary troops sporadically received posthumous care from Chinese veterans and diaspora groups. In the Southeast Asia Theater, the Chinese soldiers imprisoned in the Japanese-run camps in Rabaul were denied burial in the Allied war cemetery and recognition as military heroes. Analyzing archival documents from China, Taiwan, Britain, Australia, and the United States, I demonstrate how the afterlife of Chinese servicemen under foreign sovereignties mattered in the making of the modern Chinese state and its international status.
Giovanni Battista Raimondi’s Travel in the Middle East
Authors: Farina Margherita
Published: May 2019

The paper publishes the inedited document Miscellanea Medicea 719, ins. 56, n. 1 of Florence State Archive, containing the account of a journey by land from Hormuz to Venice, dated to 1575, preceded by a brief critical introduction. 19th century Italian historiography has attributed the account to Giovanni Battista Raimondi (1536 ca.-1614), scientific director of the Typographia Medicea (Rome 1584). Raimondi has been considered also as the author of the travel, describing his experience in the first person (plural). This paper argues, on linguistic and text-critical grounds, that Raimondi did not make such a travel, nor did he compose the account, but merely copied the document in the context of the preparation of a mission to Egypt and Persia of Giovanni Battista Vecchietti, who left to Alexandria in 1584, as a papal envoy.
Disintegration and Hope for Revival in the Land of the Two Rivers as Reflected in the Novels of Sinan Antoon
Authors: Elimelekh Geula
Published: May 2019

This article deals with three metafictional novels by the Iraqi-American writer Sinan Antoon: Iʿǧām (An Iraqi Rhapsody, 2004), Yā Maryam (Hail Mary, 2012), and Waḥdahā šaǧarat al-rummān (The Pomegranate Alone, 2010), author-translated into English as The Corpse Washer (2013). The novels are set in Iraq during Ṣaddām Ḥusayn’s dictatorship and in the aftermath of America’s invasion. Antoon juxtaposes the terror of Iraqi life against characters seeking to survive through their mind-bending determination to see beauty in their fragmented world. To achieve his paradox, Antoon transports readers of his narrative’s here-and-now into transcendent unrealities by using magical realism. A kind of three-dimensional dialectic operates between the natural and supernatural, and rationality and irrationality in which characters’ find in their dreams respite by suspending accepted definitions of time, place, and identity. Writing in Arabic, Antoon highlights two conflicting functions of language and letters as vehicles of destruction and creativity.

Antoon’s three novels, each from its own perspective, reflect his belief that although Iraq is presently in a state of disintegration, the Iraqi people are resolute in their willingness to overcome hardship and to resurrect their nation in their lifetime.
Ḥizballāh and Lebanese Nationalism: The muqāwamah Proposal, Limits and Perimeters
Authors: Di Donato Marco
Published: May 2019

In this paper, an attempt was made to understand whether the ideological proposal of the muqāwamah (Islamic resistance), advanced by Ḥizballāh from 1982 until the present day, can be considered as a national value that is valid not only for the Shia community, but also for other communities, such as Christian or Sunni. In this paper, an attempt was made to understand whether the ideological proposal of the muqāwamah, advanced by Ḥizballāh from 1982 until the present day, can be considered as a national value that is valid not only for the Shia community, but also for other communities, such as Christian or Sunni.
Speaking Secular, Acting Sectarian. Lebanese Women’s Rights beyond the Constitution
Authors: Di Peri Rosita
Published: May 2019

The aim of this paper is to show that, despite the constitutional provisions that sanction the equality of all Lebanese, women’s rights in Lebanon are subject to different (social, religious and political) constraints. In a system characterised by a complex and often perverse interweaving of state norms, religious tribunal norms, society structure and politics, women’s rights have received little to no attention or protection. This is the result, we argue, of the institutionalisation of the communities in the 1900s that has created, over the years, a system of power that has increasingly aimed to exclude state sovereignty from specific areas. The creation of autonomous spaces of power exempt from constitutional dictates and state laws has given religious leaders enormous decision-making (and contractual) power that has contributed to creating systems parallel to the state to manage individuals’ lives. This has had major consequences, especially for women.
The Role of Women in Tunisia from Bourguiba to the Promulgation of New Constitution
Authors: El Houssi Leila
Published: May 2019

The question of women became one of those fundamental issues used by North African nations in order to demonstrate to Western countries just how “democratic” they were. In this regard, the legislation in favour of women’s emancipation in Tunisia undoubtedly reveals an important peculiarity. In 1956 Tunisia underwent an important modernisation following the independence obtained from France. This produced a social emancipation not found in other Islamic countries, resulting in the acquisition of women’s rights, for example, the abolition of polygamy. Since the 1970s, women have felt as if they are hostages to politics and, through some feminist associations, denounce inequalities despite enjoying certain rights, becoming aware of their subordination in a male-dominated society. With Bourguiba’s successor, Ben ʿAlī, assuming power in 1987, a policy emerged in which the rights of women seemed to be guaranteed, without guaranteeing human rights. And Tunisia revealed, much like other countries, a sort of mutilated modernity, in which the modernisation process was put in motion, without the modernising state committing itself to promoting a political modernity with the adoption of true democratic principles.

Moreover, how much did the secularism of the Ben ʿAlī regime coincide with the transformation of Tunisian society? Perhaps the abuse of power by the dictator neutralised the paradigm of human rights? Social and cultural transformation beginning with Bourguiba and continuing with Ben ʿAlī produced an “Islamic-secular” country also as it relates to gender issues. But, with the victory of the Islamic party al-Nahḍayn the 2011 elections, will there be a radical transformation of women in society? And with Tunisia’s new constitution finally being adopted in January 2014, has it been considered a victory for women?

This paper seeks to stimulate debate on the issue in the context of post-colonial studies through a social-historical perspective.
Exploring Diversity in a Field: An Application of Dooyeweerd’s Philosophy
Authors: Joneidy Sina , Basden Andrew
Published: May 2019

Complexity of a field of study is reflected in the diversity of fragmented discourses within it. How do we understand this diversity and the coherence of the field? This paper explores how Herman Dooyeweerd’s ideas can help us understand the nature of this complexity in the field of information systems use. Dooyeweerd’s suite of aspects is employed practically to separate out discourses by undertaking analysis of excerpts from key papers that define each discourse and indicate what motivated its coming into being. This demonstrates the utility of Dooyeweerd’s ideas in contributing to mainstream thought, and the approach used here might be extended to any field of study.
The Shared Descent of Semitic and Aryan in Christian Bunsen’s History of Revelation
Authors: Benes Tuska
Published: May 2019

The desire to uphold monogenesis encouraged Christian Bunsen (1791-1866) to bridge the Semitic and Indo-European language families. Bunsen’s identifying ancient Egyptian as a linguistic bridge had implications for the supposed history of God’s revelation to humankind, as well as for German conceptions of “Semitic” as a racial category in the 1840s. The rise of Sanskrit as a possible Ursprache, as well as new critical methods and the rationalist critique of revelation, altered the position Egypt once held in ancient wisdom narratives. However, the gradual decipherment of hieroglyphs and efforts to historicize ancient Egyptian encouraged Bunsen to rethink the history of religion. His faith in monogenesis and Bunsen’s deriving Aryans and Semites from a common ancestor did not inhibit the racialization of “Semitic” as a category or reverse the loss of status Hebrew antiquity suffered as other scholars located primordial revelation in the Aryan past. Instead religion itself became racialized.
“Tout comprendre, c’est tout pardonner?” The “Case of Jauss”
Authors: Ette Ottmar
Published: May 2019

Hans Robert Jauss cannot simply be excluded from the history of Romance Studies, or from the history of literary science in 20th century Germany: the attractive power of his style of thought, writing and scholarship was too profound, his machine de guerre too powerful. If the “case of Jauss” is now on its way to becoming the “paradigm of Jauss,” it is time to examine scientifically the text and work, the impact and the reception of the author of Ästhetische Erfahrung und literarische Hermeneutik (“Aesthetic Experience and Literary Hermeneutics”), and to illuminate them from the perspective of Romance Studies. The considerations put forth in this essay should in no way diminish the undeniable merits of the founder of “Reader-response criticism”. With him and with his words, one may surely hold on to the hope that “the triadic relationship of technology, communication, and world view” can be brought “once more into equilibrium.” Hans Robert Jauss—to use the words of Jorge Semprún—traveled the very short, and at the same time very long, path from Buchenwald to Weimar: a path that first led him into the most abysmal, reprehensible, and rational form of human barbarism, which he wished to leave behind him as quickly as possible after the end of the war. His path to Weimar, as the symbol of a “refined” western culture, was extremely short: indeed, all too short.
Semitic Philology and the Wissenschaft des Judentums. Revisiting Leopold Zunz’s Etwas über die rabbinische Litteratur (1818)
Authors: Johnston Elizabeth Eva
Published: May 2019

The article begins with a brief sketch of the beginnings of Semitics and the Wissenschaft des Judentums, highlighting the theological roots of the former and the relation of each to Jewish emancipation in Prussia. The second section presents a close reading of Leopold Zunz’s Etwas über die rabbinische Litteratur (1818), a text that initiates the Wissenschaft des Judentums, and highlights several aspects of the work: the tension Zunz grapples with between rabbinic rupture and Jewish continuity, the former of which dominates; the contemporaneous use of “our science” and the relation between knowledge and the power it asserts; and the theological foundations of the program he proposes. It then looks at Zunz’s later writings, emphasizing the continuity of his thought and how he revises some of his earlier views. In closing, the article speculates as to why Zunz did not engage the field of Semitics.
Visual and Verbal Commentaries in Renaissance Astronomy: Erasmus Reinhold’s Treatment of Classical Sources on Astronomy
Authors: Omodeo Pietro D. , Tupikova Irina
Published: May 2019

Immediately following the publication of Copernicus’s major work, De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (Nuremberg, 1543), the renowned Renaissance astronomer Erasmus Reinhold of Saalfeld (1511–1553) issued a Greek-and-Latin edition of the first book of Ptolemy’s Almagest with commentaries. It was entitled Ptolemaei Mathematicae constructionis liber primus (Wittenberg, in 1549). Employing images and textual commentaries, Reinhold aimed to make Ptolemy’s work accessible to his students at the University of Wittenberg. The commentary strengthened fundamental cosmological arguments presented in the first book of the Almagest, especially the central position of the Earth in the cosmos and its immobility. The Reinhold edition documents Renaissance commentary practices and their dynamic and transformative character. It is argued that the publication of Copernicus’s heliocentric theory motivated astronomy professors such as Reinhold to reassess Ptolemy’s cosmological arguments and analyze them with renewed interest.
Antidemocratic Populism in Turkey after the July 2016 Coup Attempt
Authors: Rogenhofer Julius M.
Published: May 2019

President Erdogan and the Justice and Development Party (AKP) fundamentally transformed the Turkish political realm: The AKP was elected in 2002 on promises of economic liberalisation and accession to the European Union (EU). Over sixteen years it steered Turkey from being perceived as a “model” western-style democracy to autocracy. Instrumental for this transformation was Erdogan’s use of a new form of right-wing, religiously legitimated populism that systematically undermined the institutions of democracy by polarising society, capturing the public discourse and disregarding constitutional principles. This article examines the emergence of the AKP’s right-wing, religiously legitimated populism through three analytical lenses: First, the historical development of democracy in Turkey and its shortcomings; second, the antidemocratic effect of Erdogan’s post-coup attempt policies; third, a comparison between the AKP’s brand of populism with political strategies employed by the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) in India, the Law and Justice Party (PiS) in Poland and Putin’s Russia.
Demographic and Religious Dimensions of Jewish Identification in the U.S. and Israel: Millennials in Generational Perspective
Authors: Keysar Ariela , DellaPergola Sergio
Published: May 2019

The mutual relationship between demography and religion is explored in this paper through a comparison of the two largest Jewish populations worldwide: the U.S. and Israel. Special attention is devoted to the younger adult population – the Millennials – operationalized here as ages 18 to 29 and divided into three sub age groups. Data come from the Pew Research Center’s surveys of Jewish Americans in 2013 and of Israelis in 2015. After a short review of the main demographic differences between the two Jewish populations, the paper focuses on the multiple possible meanings and contents of Jewishness. The paper explores age-related differences regarding indicators of contemporary Jewish identity: religiosity, peoplehood and nationalism. We discover that young Jewish adults – the Millennials – in Israel and in the U.S., especially those 18–21 years old, are more likely than their elders to view their Jewishness mainly as a matter of religion rather than as a culture or ethnicity. Emerging similarities and differentials between Jews in Israel and in the U.S. are interpreted in the light of general theories of demographic change and religious identification, and are related to specific events and developments that have affected Jews in the two countries and their mutual relationships.
The Lasiocampidae of Iran (Lepidoptera)
Authors: ZOLOTUHIN VADIM V. , ZAHIRI REZA
Published: May 2019

An annotated taxonomic checklist of the 37 species of Iranian Lasiocampidae is presented and bionomic data are summarized for the country. Ten species are listed as new to Iran, and previous misidentifications in the Iranian lasiocampid fauna are corrected. Nomenclatural actions taken herein include: the description of Malacosoma parallela iranica Zolotuhin & Zahiri, ssp. nov.; elevation to species rank of Trichiura kopetdaghi Dubatolov & Zolotuhin, 1992, stat. nov., from a subspecies of T. mirzayani Ebert, 1971; and a new synonymy Bombyx Herzi Christoph, 1888, = Bombyx Concolor Christoph, 1893, syn. nov. In addition, Chilena sordida (Erschoff, 1874) is considered a superspecies complex, and females are described for the first time for Giselea pistaciae Wiltshire, 1952, Phyllodesma glasunowi (Grum-Grzhimailo, 1895), and Streblote solitaria Zolotuhin, 1991.
A replacement name for Isodactylus Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008
Authors: HEDGES S. BLAIR , DUELLMAN WILLIAM E. , HEINICKE MATTHEW P.
Published: May 2019

If it had not happened so many times in the last two and a half centuries, we would be embarrassed to admit that we created a new homonym, but such is the case.  We (Hedges, Duellman & Heinicke 2008:108) proposed the generic name Isodactylus with the type species Eleutherodactylus elassodiscus Lynch (Anura: Strabomantidae) and included in the genus 13 species: Isodactylus adercus (Lynch), I. araiodactylus (Duellman & Pramuk), I. babax (Lynch), I. brunneus (Lynch), I. dolops (Lynch & Duellman), I. elassodiscus (Lynch), I. fallaciosus (Duellman), I. latens (Lynch), I. lucida (Cannatella), I. lundbergi (Lehr), I. mantipus (Boulenger), I. nigrovittatus (Andersson), and I. peraccai (Lynch).
A taxonomic review of Neogriphoneura Malloch, 1924 (Diptera: Lauxaniidae), with description of three new species
Authors: DE MELLO RAMON LUCIANO , Silva Vera Cristina
Published: May 2019

The status of the Lauxaniidae genus Rhabdolauxania Hendel, 1925 is reevaluated and is synonymized under Neogriphoneura Malloch, 1924. Three new combinations, N. immaculata (Hendel, 1933), comb. nov., N. laevifrons (Hendel, 1925), comb. nov., and N. schnusei (Hendel, 1925), comb. nov. are proposed. Two lectotypes are designated. Three new species of Neogriphoneura are described: N. bispoi sp. nov., from Santa Catarina, Brazil, N. pacata sp. nov., from La Paz, Bolivia, and N. corrugata sp. nov. from British Virgin Islands. Illustrations of the head, wing, male and female terminalia are provided for the new species. This raises the number of species in the genus from the present five to eleven. A key is provided for the species of the genus.
Mata Atlantica enchytraeids (Parana Brazil): The genus Achaeta (Oligochaeta, Enchytraeidae)
Authors: SCHMELZ RÜDIGER M. , COLLADO RUT , RÖMBKE JÖRG
Published: May 2019

Among terrestrial enchytraeid oligochaetes, species of the genus Achaeta are conspicuous by their complete absence of chaetae. Knowledge of Achaeta species in South America is scarce, only four species were known so far. Here we describe three more species of Achaeta from South America, A. hanagarthi, A. paranensis and A. singularis spp. nov., and we provide revised and type-based redescriptions of A. neotropica Č ernosvitov, 1937 and A. piti Bittencourt, 1974. The species were found in the framework of the German-Brazilian project " SOLOBIOMA, Soil biota and biogeochemistry in the Atlantic rainforest of Brazil", which monitors forest regeneration on previously degraded areas by comparing successional stages from pastures to old-growth forests. Species descriptions are based on observations of specimens in vivo and as stained whole mounts; special attention is given to variations among specimens. The three new species are ascribed to a single author (Schmelz). They lack pyriform glands and have spermathecal ectal pores in lateral position. Further distinguishing traits concern the location of preclitellar nephridia, coelomocyte texture, distribution pattern of epidermal and clitellar gland cells, and the inner topography of the prostomium, the latter a new character in Achaeta taxonomy. In A. hanagarthi all sexual organs except the spermathecae are shifted one segment forward. A. singularis is most peculiar by a short and deeply incised brain and by the apparent absence of a suboesophageal ganglion, the ventral ganglia of segments II, III, and IV being separate. This species was only found in forests and is possibly a true representative of the old autochthonous forest soil fauna. A. hanagarthi and A. singularis are similar to the ill-described A. silvatica Nurminen, 1973; the latter is considered as a species inquirenda here. Type reinvestigations revealed that contrary to the original descriptions, A. piti has six segmental pyriform glands and reproductive organs except spermathecae shifted one segment forward, and that A. neotropica has the first preclitellar nephridium at 6/7 and ectal spermathecal pores inlateral position. A. neotropica is highly variable and probably a species aggregate, difficult to resolve with traditional light-microscopical methods. The recently described A. becki Schmelz & Collado 2005 is tentatively included in A. neotropica. The taxonomic descriptions contribute to the general anatomy of the genus; our study further serves as a guide to neotropical species of Achaeta.
Introduced leaf beetles of the Maritime Provinces, 7: Cassida rubiginosa Muller and Cassida flaveola Thunberg (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
Authors: MAJKA CHRISTOPHER G. , Lesage Laurent
Published: May 2019

Cassida rubiginosa Müller is newly recorded in Nova Scotia and on Prince Edward Island. Cassida flaveola Thunberg is newly recorded in Nova Scotia, on Prince Edward Island, and in the Maritime Provinces as a whole. The systematics, identification, introduction history, distribution, zoogeography, biology, parasitism, predation, host plant preferences, and biocontrol potential of both species are surveyed in detail. Early records of C. flaveola are also recounted and questions are posed with respect to its presence and origins in the region and whether it may have been introduced via human agency. Although previously considered an introduced Palearctic species, recent evidence indicates that C. flaveola is, at least in part, a native species with a Holarctic distribution.
DNA barcodes and morphology revealed three species masquerading in Xiphydria camelus of authors (Hymenoptera, Xiphydriidae) in Northeast Asia: X. eborata sp. rev. and X. albopicta sp. nov.
Authors: SHINOHARA AKIHIKO , KAMEDA YUICHI
Published: May 2019

Taxonomic status of the widely spread xiphydriid woodwasp Xiphydria camelus (Linné, 1758) was revised by examining morphology of 964 specimens and by molecular analysis using COI barcode sequences. Both morphological and molecular approaches indicated existence of three separate species masquerading in X. camelus of authors in East Asia. The three species were finally determined as X. camelus, X. eborata Konow, 1899, and a new species, X. albopicta. Xiphydria eborata is revived from synonymy with X. camelus and X. albopicta is described as a new species from Russia (Primorskij Kraj), China (Heilongjiang) and Japan (Hokkaido). Collection records are given for all the specimens examined.
The larvae of Limnephilus minos Malicky 1970 and Mesophylax impunctatus aduncus (Navás 1923) (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae), including a discriminatory matrix for the Greek limnephilid larvae with multifilament gills
Authors: WARINGER JOHANN , MALICKY HANS
Published: May 2019

Limnephilus minos Malicky 1970 is a micro-endemic caddisfly restricted to the Greek island of Crete. Mesophylax impunctatus aduncus (Navás 1923) is known from Turkey and the southern Balkan peninsula; Greek records range from islands close to the mainland and Skiros to the northern mainland, and Attica. This paper describes the previously unknown larvae of both taxa. Information on the morphology of the 5th larval instar of each taxon is given, and the most important diagnostic characters are illustrated. A discriminatory matrix for the Greek limnephilid larvae with multifilament gills is also provided. In the context of existing identification keys, the larva of L. minos belongs to the group of Limnephilini larvae where face setae are lacking on the mid- and/or hind femora; the species keys together with L. auricula Curtis 1834 and can be separated from the latter species by setae present between the primary setae on the distal section of mid- and hind trochanters. In contrast, face setae are present on the mid- and/or hind femora in M. impunctatus aduncus. Its larva can be easily identified by the fact that 3 or more ventral-edge setae are present on the midfemur, by setae present on both sides of the anal slit, and by its grazer-type mandible lacking terminal teeth.
Description of a new species of Spongiopsyllus Johnsson, 2000, and redescriptions of Parmulodes verrucosus Wilson, 1944 and Entomopsyllus stocki Kim, 2004 with revised diagnosis of Entomopsyllus (Copepoda, Siphonostomatoida, Entomolepididae)
Authors: CANÁRIO ROBERTA , HURBATH THIEGO , DA ROCHA CARLOS E. F. , NEVES ELIZABETH G. , JOHNSSON RODRIGO
Published: May 2019

The Family Entomolepididae is composed by 7 genera and 15 species. During a survey on the known species and the search for new species, a new Spongiopsyllus is described associated with sponge Aplysina insularis. The new species has antennule 14-segmented, four setae on both lobes of maxillule, some unique features on the leg setation and the armature of the maxilliped. These characteristics make the new species different from all other congeners in Spongiopsyllus. The diagnosis of Entomopsyllus was also revised once it does not consider the differences to Spongiopsyllus which was created posteriorly to its erection. An analysis of Entomopsyllus stocki also indicated that leg 5 somite and the genital somite are fused, instead of separated as originally stated, the structure is also redescribed. Finally, Parmulodes verrucosus is studied and an up-to-date description is provided, correcting some inconsistencies in the armature formula of the antennule and the leg setation, and providing re-analysis of the other appendages.
Aircraft electric anti-skid braking and combined direction control system using co-simulation and experimental methods
Authors: Yin Qiaozhi , Nie Hong , Wei Xiaohui , Zhang Ming
Published: May 2019

The work reported in this paper concentrates on the design and application of an electric ground control system combining the braking and steering mechanisms on a small unmanned aerial vehicle. A virtual prototype of a small unmanned aerial vehicle is built with a multibody dynamic software LMS Virtual.Lab Motion. An electric anti-skid braking system and a new combined direction control system considering the sensors models are established with MATLAB/Simulink. Optimizations are carried out using a global optimization command patternsearch first and then a local optimization method fminsearch for fine-tuning to design the dynamic allocation for the direction rectifying weight coefficients. Then a co-simulation method is introduced to study the ground maneuver performance so as to investigate the interaction of each subsystem via the interfaces between the two softwares. The anti-skid braking simulation verifies that the aircraft can stop smoothly and efficiently. The combined rectification control simulations in three different conditions verify the system stability and robustness. In addition, an anti-skid braking and a direction-control experiment are conducted. Results show that the experimental results fit well with the simulation and that the yaw angle can be corrected effectively under the designed control systems.
Endothelial Dysfunction Is Associated with Mortality and Severity of Coagulopathy in Patients with Sepsis and Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
Authors: Walborn Amanda , Rondina Matthew , Mosier Michael , Fareed Jawed , Hoppensteadt Debra
Published: May 2019

The role of the endothelium in sepsis-associated disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is multifaceted and may contribute substantially to disease severity and outcome. The purpose of this study was to quantify measures of endothelial function, including markers of activation (endocan, Angiopoietin-2 [Ang-2], and von Willebrand Factor), endogenous anticoagulants (tissue factor pathway inhibitor and protein C), and damage-associated factors (High Mobility Group Box 1 [HMGB-1]) in the plasma of patients with sepsis and DIC, and to determine the relationship of these factors with severity of illness and outcome. Plasma samples were collected from 103 adult patients with sepsis within 48 hours of intensive care unit admission. Biomarker levels were measured using commercially available, standardized methods. Disseminated intravascular coagulation was diagnosed according to the International Society of Thrombosis and Hemostasis scoring algorithm. Twenty-eight-day mortality was used as the primary end point. In this study, endothelial damage and dysfunction were associated with the severity of coagulopathy and mortality in DIC patients. Loss of the endogenous anticoagulant protein C and elevation in the vascular regulator Ang-2 were associated with the development of overt DIC. In addition to Ang-2 and protein C, endocan, a biomarker of endothelial activation, and HMGB-1, a mediator of endothelial damage and activation, were significantly associated with mortality. This underscores the contribution of the endothelium to the pathogenesis of sepsis-associated DIC.
Impact of cardiac- and noncardiac-related conditions on adverse outcomes in patients hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Tisminetzky Mayra , Gurwitz Jerry H , Miozzo Ruben , Gore Joel M , Lessard Darleen , Yarzebski Jorge , Goldberg Robert J
Published: May 2019

Background:

To examine the impact of cardiac- and noncardiac-related conditions on the risk of hospital complications and 7- and 30-day rehospitalizations in older adult patients with an acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Methods and Results:

The study population consisted of 3863 adults aged 65 years and older hospitalized with AMI in Worcester, Massachusetts, during six annual periods between 2001 and 2011. Individuals were categorized into four groups based on the presence of 11 previously diagnosed cardiac and noncardiac conditions. The median age of the study population was 79 years and 49% were men. Twenty-eight percent of patients had two or less cardiac- and no noncardiac-related conditions, 21% had two or less cardiac and one or more noncardiac conditions, 20% had three or more cardiac and no noncardiac conditions, and 31% had three or more cardiac and one or more noncardiac conditions. Individuals who presented with one or more noncardiac-related conditions were less likely to have been prescribed evidence-based medications and/or to have undergone coronary revascularization procedures than patients without any noncardiac condition. After multivariable adjustment, individuals with three or more cardiac and one or more noncardiac conditions were at greatest risk for all adverse outcomes.

Conclusions:

Older patients hospitalized with AMI carry a significant burden of cardiac- and noncardiac-related conditions. Older adults who presented with multiple cardiac and noncardiac conditions experienced the worse short-term outcomes and treatment strategies should be developed to improve their in-hospital and post-discharge care and outcomes.
A seismic facies classification method based on the convolutional neural network and the probabilistic framework for seismic attributes and spatial classification
Authors: Liu Zhege , Cao Junxing , Lu Yujia , Chen Shuna , Liu Jianli
Published: May 2019

In the early stage of oil and gas exploration, due to the lack of available drilling data, the automatic seismic facies classification technology mainly relies on the unsupervised clustering method combined with the seismic multiattribute. However, the clustering results are unstable and have no clear geologic significance. The supervised classification method based on manual interpretation can provide corresponding geologic significance, but there are still some problems such as the discrete classification results and low accuracy. To solve these problems, inspired by hyperspectral and spatial probability distribution technology, we have developed a classification framework called the probabilistic framework for seismic attributes and spatial classification (PFSSC). It can improve the continuity of the classification results by combining the classification probability and the spatial partial probability of the classifier output. In addition, the convolutional neural network (CNN) is a typical classification algorithm in deep learning. By convolution and pooling, we could use it to extract features of complex nonlinear objects for classification. Taking advantage of the combination of PFSSC and CNN, we could effectively solve the existing problems mentioned above in seismic facies classification. It is worth mentioning that we select seismic the multiattribute by maximal information coefficient (MIC) before the seismic facies classification. Finally, using the CNN-PFSSC and MIC methods, we can obtain high accuracy in the test set, reasonable continuity within the same seismic facies, clear boundaries between different seismic facies, and seismic facies classification results consistent with sedimentological laws.
Attribute selection in seismic facies classification: Application to a Gulf of Mexico 3D seismic survey and the Barnett Shale
Authors: Kim Yuji , Hardisty Robert , Marfurt Kurt J.
Published: May 2019

Automated seismic facies classification using machine-learning algorithms is becoming more common in the geophysics industry. Seismic attributes are frequently used as input because they may express geologic patterns or depositional environments better than the original seismic amplitude. Selecting appropriate attributes becomes a crucial part of the seismic facies classification analysis. For unsupervised learning, principal component analysis can reduce the dimensions of the data while maintaining the highest variance possible. For supervised learning, the best attribute subset can be built by selecting input attributes that are relevant to the output class and avoiding using redundant attributes that are similar to each other. Multiple attributes are tested to classify salt diapirs, mass transport deposits (MTDs), and the conformal reflector “background” for a 3D seismic marine survey acquired on the northern Gulf of Mexico shelf. We have analyzed attribute-to-attribute correlation and the correlation between the input attributes to the output classes to understand which attributes are relevant and which attributes are redundant. We found that amplitude and texture attribute families are able to differentiate salt, MTDs, and conformal reflectors. Our attribute selection workflow is also applied to the Barnett Shale play to differentiate limestone and shale facies. Multivariate analysis using filter, wrapper, and embedded algorithms was used to rank attributes by importance, so then the best attribute subset for classification is chosen. We find that attribute selection algorithms for supervised learning not only reduce computational cost but also enhance the performance of the classification.
The Dobson–Rawlins pact and the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence: impact of political independence on scientific and legal accountability
Authors: McPherson Susan , Sunkin Maurice
Published: May 2019

This analysis considers whether the independence of the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), while safeguarding guidelines from commercial lobbying, may render NICE legally and scientifically unaccountable. The analysis examines the role of judicial reviews and stakeholder consultations in place of peer review in light of current debates concerning the depression guideline.
Yap1b, a divergent Yap/Taz family member, cooperates with yap1 in survival and morphogenesis via common transcriptional targets
Authors: Vázquez-Marín Javier , Gutiérrez-Triana José Arturo , Almuedo-Castillo María , Buono Lorena , Gómez-Skarmeta José Luis , Mateo Juan Luis , Wittbrodt Joachim , Martínez-Morales Juan Ramón
Published: May 2019

Yap1/Taz are well-known Hippo effectors triggering complex transcriptional programs controlling growth, survival, and cancer progression. Here we describe yap1b, a new Yap1/Taz family member with a unique transcriptional activation domain that cannot be phosphorylated by Src/Yes kinases. We show that yap1b evolved specifically in euteleosts (i.e. including medaka but not zebrafish) by duplication and adaptation of yap1. Using DamID-seq we generated maps of chromatin occupancy for Yap1, Taz (Wwtr1), and Yap1b, in gastrulating zebrafish and medaka embryos. Our comparative analyses uncover the genetic programs controlled by yap family proteins during early embryogenesis, and show largely overlapping targets for Yap1 and Yap1b. CRISPR/Cas9-induced mutation of yap1b in medaka does not result in an overt phenotype during embryogenesis or adulthood. However, yap1b mutation strongly enhances the embryonic malformations observed in yap1 mutants. Thus yap1−/−; yap1b−/− double mutants display more severe body flattening, eye misshaping, and increased apoptosis than yap1−/− single mutants; thus revealing overlapping gene functions. Our results indicate that, despite its divergent transactivation domain, Yap1b cooperates with Yap1 to regulate cell survival and tissue morphogenesis during early development.