bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tarım ve Mera Alanlarında Rüzgâr ve Güneş Enerji Sistemleri Kurulması Hakkında Değerlendirmeler
Authors: BIÇAKÇI Emre , BALABANLI Cahit , ACAR Emrah
Published: February 2023

Dünya nüfusunun artışıyla birlikte gıda ihtiyacı da artmakta ve buna bağlı olarak mevcut tarım ve mera alanlarının önemi daha iyi anlaşılmaktadır. Dünya ülkeleri hâlihazırda sahip oldukları tarım alanlarından aldıkları verimi artırma planları yaparken, teknoloji ve sanayileşme gibi faktörlerden dolayı enerji ihtiyacı da hızla artmaktadır. Artan enerji ihtiyacını karşılamak için yakın zamana kadar çevreye olan etkileri göz ardı edilerek her türlü enerji kaynağı kullanılmaktaydı, fakat kömür ve petrol gibi kaynakların sınırlılığı ve çevreye olan olumsuz etkilerinin idrak edilmesi ile yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarına olan yönelim hız kazanmıştır. Bu hususta rüzgâr ve güneş enerjisi ön plana çıkmaktadır. Ancak güneş enerjisi santralleri (GES) için geniş arazilerin kullanılması gerekmekte ve bu da sınırlı tarım alanları için olumsuz bir durum ortaya koymaktadır. Tarımın öneminin ve tarıma olan ihtiyacın arttığı günümüzde tarım alanlarını baskılayan faktörlerin azaltılması adına agrivoltaik sistemlerin kurulması ya da rüzgâr enerji santrallerinin (RES) tercih edilmesinin tarım ve hayvancılığa yarar sağlayabileceği düşünülmektedir.
La fantasía científica y el transhumanismo: análisis de El Psychon de Leopoldo Lugones y El Hombre Artificial de Horacio Quiroga
Authors: Mendoza Curvelo Maira Alejandra , Baquero Porras Angélica
Published: February 2023

Este artículo reflexiona sobre la relación dada entre la ciencia y el ocultismo a finales del siglo XIX e inicios del XX en Argentina, a partir del análisis de los cuentos El Psychon, de Leopoldo Lugones, y El hombre artificial, de Horario Quiroga. Estas formas breves de la literatura, que hacen parte del género de lo fantástico —concretamente, la fantasía científica—, posibilitan el análisis y la problematización del carácter objetivo y universalista de la ciencia moderna, la cual ha encubierto los intereses que subyacen en la pretensión de los avances científicos en aras del mejoramiento de «lo humano»; desplegado en lo que hoy se conoce como transhumanismo y lo que, a su vez, valida múltiples prácticas y narrativas siniestras que merecen ser examinadas desde una perspectiva crítica. Si bien el transhumanismo se puede pensar como una narrativa de lo fantástico dada su condición ficcional vigente, es importante discutir sus implicaciones en clave social con el objetivo de reflexionar sobre las dinámicas de la experimentación necesarias para llegar a tal estado utópico como humanidad; asimismo, sobre las posibles reconfiguraciones, en un orden ontológico e ideológico, que involucren no solo las vidas humanas, sino también las no humanas.
Baicalein Promotes Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cell Autophagy via miR-424 and the PTEN/PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway
Authors: Li Qi , Ren Jinhai
Published: February 2023

Objective:

To explore the autophagic effect of baicalein on acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell
lines, HL-60 and THP-1, and miR-424, which regulates the baicalein effect on HL-60 and THP-1 in
which autophagy was observed.

Methods:

The cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to detect the optimal concentration of baicalein
in the HL-60 and THP-1 cell lines. miR-424 was detected by qPCR. The influence of baicalein on the
autophagy of the HL-60 and THP-1 cells was demonstrated by detecting the expression of Beclin-1, LC3-
I, and LC3-II using western blot. The phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)/PI3K/AKt/mTOR pathways
were determined by western blot.

Results:

The optimum concentration of baicalein used and the time of treatment in the HL-60 and THP-1
cell lines were 40 μM and 48 hours, respectively. The expression of miR-424 in the baicalein-treated cells
was lower than that in the blank group both in the HL-60 cells and THP-1 cells. The expression of PTEN
was promoted by baicalein. However, baicalein inhibited PI3K expression, mTOR phosphorylation, and
AKT phosphorylation in the two cell lines. LC3-Ⅰ/Ⅱ, which is the biomarker for autophagy, increased
after the cells were treated with baicalein. The baseline expression also increased after the cells were
treated with baicalein.

Conclusion:

Baicalein could promote the autophagy of the HL-60 and THP-1 cells via miR-424 and the
PTEN/ PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
A Review on ZnO-based Targeted Drug Delivery System
Authors: Chawla Urvashi , Dahiya David , Kumar Yogesh , Bala Anu , Genwa Mahaveer , Agasti Nityananda , Tandon Sanjay , Singh Surinder P. , Meena P. L.
Published: February 2023

Cancer is the most malignant chronic disease worldwide, with a high mortality rate. It can be
treated with conventional therapies such as chemotherapy and immunotherapy, but these techniques have
several side effects, limiting their therapeutic outcome and reducing application. Recently, a promising
method of drug delivery has been devised to minimize side effects and induce potential benefits during
treatment. The targeted drug delivery system (TDDS) is one of the established drug delivery methods
using nanoparticles, crossing different biological barriers, targeting a specific diseased site, and resulting
in sustained drug release. The current research introduces a plethora of nanoparticles that can be implemented to deliver or target drugs to a particular site, such as polymeric nanoparticles (PLGA, PLA, chitosan), metal-based nanoparticles (gold, iron oxide), carbon-based nanoparticles (CNTs, graphene), bio
nanoparticles (liposomes, micelles) and ceramic nanoparticles (mesoporous-based silica, calcium phosphate). Most of them are proven to be very efficient in targeting the desired site and causing fatal damage
to the tumor cells. Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a nano compound, that shows a wide range of favorable properties,
making it widely acceptable for biomedical applications. This review focuses on TDDS using ZnO as a
drug carrier, followed by factors affecting TDDS such as drug loading, encapsulation efficiency, cell viability, and zeta potential. The target mechanism of TDDS for cancer therapy has also been discussed,
indicating a better alternative for clinical treatment. This approach also presents certain challenges besides
the potential for oncology.
Hsa_Circ_0000021 Sponges miR-3940-3p/KPNA2 Expression to Promote
Cervical Cancer Progression
Authors: Zeng Qingyuan , Feng Kun , Yu Yang , Lv Yumei
Published: February 2023

Background:

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have a vital role in the occurrence of numerous cancers. However, its function and pattern of expression in cervical cancer (CC) remain unclear. This research aims to investigate the hsa_circ_000002’s regulatory mechanism in CC.

Methods:

Hsa_circ_0000021, miR-3940-3p, and KPNA2 expression levels were estimated through qRT-PCR. Nuclear/cytoplasmic separation was conducted to find the subcellular location of hsa_circ_0000021. Western blot was done to estimate the levels of KPNA2 protein. CCK-8, BrdU, wound healing, transwell, and tumor xenograft assays were performed to study how hsa_circ_0000021/miR-3940-3P/KPNA2 function affect CC. Hsa_circ_0000021’s targeting relationships with miR-3940-3p and KPNA2 were ascertained through RIP and luciferase experiments.

Results:

Hsa_circ_0000021 and KPNA2 were overexpressed and inversely associated with the levels of miR-3940-3p in CC. Knocking down either hsa_circ_0000021 or KPNA2 repressed the growth of CC tumors as well as the proliferation, invasion, and migration of CC cells. Silencing miR-3940-3p promoted the malignant proliferation of CC cells. Regarding its mechanism, hsa_circ_0000021 affected the malignant CC cell proliferation via the sponging of miR-3940-3p, which targeted KPNA2.

Conclusion:

Hsa_circ_0000021 regulates the miR-3940-3p/KPNA2 axis to promote CC occurrence. This potentially is a novel target for CC treatment.
Investigation of the suitability of a tool element manufactured by fused filament fabrication for incremental sheet metal forming
Authors: Kräusel V.
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Incremental sheet forming (ISF) constitutes a flexible production process for sheet materials for small to medium batch sizes, in which the geometry of the part is created via the movement of a stylus. ISF can be carried out with or without support from the opposite side. With the use of dies, the geometry deviation can be reduced. In order to be able to guarantee an overall flexible process, the ability to produce dies quickly and individually from the lot size one is necessary. In addition to milling, which has been the primary method used up to date, additive manufacturing (AM) also meets the requirements for flexible die production. To investigate the suitability of additive manufacturing to produce dies for ISF, a pyramid-shaped die was fabricated from polylactic acid (PLA) using the fused filament fabrication (FFF) process. This die was used for three incremental sheet metal forming operations using pure aluminum sheets and was compared with an identical milled tool. Based on the measurement results, the suitability of 3D printed dies for ISF is examined, and opportunities as well as application limits for such dies are discussed.
Reverse rigid body motion in multi-stage single point incremental forming
Authors: Vanhulst M.
Published: February 2023

Abstract. This paper provides an analysis of the Rigid Body Motion (RBM) in multi-stage Single Point Incremental Forming of a cylindrical cup. The RBM is studied using Digital Image Correlation to track the material in each contour of the tool, resulting in a better understanding of the RBM phenomenon than has been shown in literature. The study shows that the highest Z-translations of the midpoint of the cone take place in the last contours of each stage, where these RBM peaks also increase per stage. An interesting observation is a reverse rigid body motion, appearing in the contours close to the end of a stage, right before the sudden drop of the bottom in the last contours. This causes flattening of the bottom of the cone and results in a smaller RBM per stage for the later forming stages. Additionally, the stepover between two intermediate stages has been shown to have an important effect on the stepped features appearing in the bottom, but did not have a significant effect on the accuracy of the midpoint of the cone.
Innovative mechanical joining processes in versatile process chains - potentials, applications and selection procedures
Authors: Lechner M
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Mechanical joining processes have gained extensive importance in recent years. In contrast to temperature-based processes, mechanical joining approaches allow the joining of dissimilar materials such as steel and aluminum. What most of the processes have in common is that they are often designed for a specific combination of materials and sheet thicknesses. Consequently, the versatility of these processes is limited. This article will therefore provide an overview of four innovative manufacturing processes, which allow a higher adaptability than conventional mechanical joining processes. In this context, the basic strategies, their applications as well as their advantages and limitations are presented. The contribution closes with a summarizing evaluation and an outlook.
Investigation on pin caulking as a versatile joining process
Authors: Römisch D.
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Lightweight design is increasingly used to combine the specific advantages of various dissimilar materials into multi-material systems. The aim is to make production more resource-efficient and reduce emissions. However, one challenge in the adaptation of multi-material systems is the lack of versatile joining technologies capable of joining these materials. Joining with cold formed pins is a two-step process with potential in joining metal to metal and metal to fibre-reinforced plastics (FRP). These pins can be joined using two joining strategies, direct pin pressing into an unperforated joining partner and caulking of pins, which are inserted through a pre-punched joining partner. For pin pressing, several studies have already been carried out regarding joinability of steel and aluminium, but caulking offers advantages such as a reduced joining force and the fact that the pin can transmit force over the entire sheet thickness of the joining partner, which can lead to increased strength under axial load. Therefore, the caulking of pins extruded from dual-phase steel with a 6000 aluminium alloy is investigated. The focus is on a fundamental investigation of the joining process and the joint formation when caulking pins of varying heights with sheets of different thicknesses. Subsequently, a process window is derived from these findings.
Experimental investigation of the cause and effect relationships between the joint and the component during clinching
Authors: Steinfelder C.
Published: February 2023

Abstract. The combination of the mechanical properties of a clinched joint and of the material surrounding the joint determine the resulting properties of the component and joint. The cause and effect relationships between the joint and the joint environment offers the possibility of a specific modification through an adaptation in the design process. In order to identify these cause and effect relationships and resulting interactions experimentally, numerous of experiments are required. In this publication, a concept for the automated manufacturing of head tensile test and shear tensile test specimens – from cutting to clinching – by using a punch laser machine is presented. Based on a full-factorial experimental design, the parameters change of the properties of the joint environment by beading and change of the punch displacement are addressed. The influence on the properties of the clinched specimen is evaluated based on the variables Stiffness, force at the beginning of yielding and maximum force at head tensile loading and shear tensile loading. In addition, the geometric quality parameters of neck thickness, interlock and bottom thickness are evaluated. The relationships can be used to apply uniform loads to joints in joined structures to counteract oversizing.
Comparison of ex- and in-situ investigations of clinched single-lap shear specimens
Authors: Köhler D.
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Force-displacement measurements and macrosections are commonly used methods to validate numerical models of clinching processes. However, these ex-situ methods often lead to springback of elastic deformations and crack-closing after unloading. In contrast, the in-situ computed tomography (CT) can provide three-dimensional images of the clinching point under loading conditions. So far, the quantity of elastic springback that causes measuring deviations between in- and ex-situ measurements is not determined. In this paper, a method is described to quantitatively compare the results of in-situ CT, ex-situ CT and CT scans of cut specimens, which are prepared for macrosectioning, among each other. The method is applied to a single-lap shear test of two clinched aluminum sheets. Here, the test is conducted to specific process steps, then the specimen is CT scanned in-situ (during loading) and ex-situ (after unloading). Subsequently, the specimens are cut for macrosectioning and CT scanned. Finally, the outer contours and the interfaces of cross section images are determined by digital image analysis and the deviations over the clinching point between ex- and in-situ methods are calculated.
Methodical approach for the design and dimensioning of mechanical clinched assemblies
Authors: Zirngibl C.
Published: February 2023

Abstract. The focus towards multi-material and lightweight assemblies, driven by legal requirements on reducing emissions and energy consumptions, reveals important drawbacks and disadvantages of established joining processes, such as welding. In this context, mechanical joining technologies, such as clinching, are becoming more and more relevant especially in the automotive industry. However, the availability of only few standards and almost none systematic design methods causes a still very time- and cost-intensive assembly development process considering mainly expert knowledge and a considerable amount of experimental studies. Motivated by this, the presented work introduces a novel approach for the methodical design and dimensioning of mechanically clinched assemblies. Therefore, the utilization of regression models, such as machine learning algorithms, combined with manufacturing knowledge ensures a reliable estimation of individual clinched joint characteristics. In addition, the implementation of an engineering workbench enables the following data-driven and knowledge-based generation of high-quality initial assembly designs already in early product development phases. In a subsequent analysis and adjustment, these designs are being improved while guaranteeing joining safety and loading conformity. The presented results indicate that the methodological approach can pave the way to a more systematic design process of mechanical joining assemblies, which can significantly shorten the required number of iteration loops and therefore the product development time.
On the utilization of radial extrusion to characterize fracture forming limits. Part I – methodology and tooling
Authors: Sampaio R.F.V.
Published: February 2023

Abstract. This paper and its second part introduce a new formability test based on double-action radial extrusion to characterize material formability in the bulk-to-sheet material flow transitions that are commonly found in metal forming. This first part draws from the presentation of a multidirectional tool, which was designed to convert the vertical press stroke into horizontal movement of the extrusion punches towards each other, to aspects of experimental strain determination, fractography and finite element analysis. The methodology and tooling that are introduced here pave the way for subsequent testing and modelling of the different modes of fracture in three-dimensional to plane-stress evolutions, typical of bulk-to-sheet material flow transitions, by means of the new proposed test.
Experimental study of the potential for extending the process limits in multi-stage forming of micro gears from sheet metal by a local short-term laser heat treatment
Authors: Leicht M.
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Cold forming of micro gears is currently not possible for modules m < 0.2 mm due to the occurrence of high tool stresses, handling problems and size effects. A multi-stage process chain of micro bulk forming from sheet metal offers the potential to solve these challenges. However, the industrial applicability is limited due to material efficiency. Against this background, the aim of this research work is an improvement of the material utilization as well as a further reduction of the tool stresses. Therefore, the influence of different heat treatment strategies as well as the materials copper Cu-OFE and brass CuZn30 are analyzed. Thus, a local laser heat treatment and a global heat treatment of the blanks are investigated. The focus of this research work is on the first process stage, pin extrusion, which is used for forming of the wheel blank. Since this process setup provides the material for the further forming stages, it has a huge influence on the material efficiency and on the forming of the gearing in the second process stage. Therefore, the component and process properties are evaluated to assess the influence of the measures. The results prove higher material efficiency at a similar tool stress by using local short-term heat treatment.
Numerical analyses of the influence of a counter punch during deep drawing
Authors: Behrens B.A.
Published: February 2023

Abstract. In the automotive sector, the demand for high crash safety and lightweight construction has led to an increased use of steels with higher strengths. However, the rising number of varying materials with different strengths and ductilities lead to an increasing complexity in production, making it more challenging to ensure robust processes. Therefore, the focus of current researches still lays on the further development and extension of forming processes to enable high productivity and reliable production. A powerful tool for an efficient optimisation and extension of forming processes is the Finite Element Method (FEM), which offers time- and cost saving potentials in the design phase. In deep drawing, the use of a counter punch offers the possibility of extending the process limits. By superimposing compressive stresses on the workpiece, the initiation of cracks can be delayed, thus higher drawing ratios can be achieved. The aim of this research is therefore the numerical investigation of a deep drawing process with a counter punch to analyse the influence on the crack initiation and identify optimisation potentials for the process. For this cause, the applied force as well as the position and geometry of the counter punch are varied and the influence on fracture initiation is evaluated. It is found that the applied force on the counter punch is the major influencing factor for crack initiation. Furthermore, it was concluded that the contact between the counter punch and the workpiece should be applied as soon as the bottom of the cup is shaped. A further improvement can be achieved if the counter punch is geometrically adapted to the bottom of the workpiece.
Stainless steel deep drawing with polymer punches produced with fused filament fabrication technology: effect of tool orientation on the printing plate
Authors: Giorleo L.
Published: February 2023

Abstract. In this research the potential of using polymer punches in a deep drawing process to realize stainless steel cups having diameter equal to 40 mm and drawing depth equal to 18 mm was investigated. Punches have been Additive Manufacturing printed following two different orientations (horizontal and vertical) and two different wire orientations with respect to the drawing direction (45° and 90°). Cups and punches radii, heights, roundness tolerances and linear profiles have been acquired to compare process performances. Results highlight benefits and problems of all tested punches.
Dynamic conformity assessment for joining force monitoring using Bayes filters
Authors: Butzhamme L.
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Monitoring force-displacement or force-time curves is a widely used quality control technique in the field of mechanical joining. For online monitoring of self-piercing riveting, envelope curves are often used to define a tolerance zone for the measured setting force. However, the measurement uncertainty is typically not considered and the force curve of a joint can be wrongly rated as non-conform due to measurement errors and noise. In this article, we present a method for dynamical online filtering and uncertainty determination for noisy force curves using two types of Bayesian filters. The methodology is based on a Bayesian probability framework using a priori information for the process curve and sensor noise. To investigate the general feasibility of the method, force measurements with different noise levels are simulated and processed. The conformity is further assessed taking the uncertainty of the filtered signal into account. The results show that the Bayes filter technique is principally able to reduce noise for well-known characteristics of the process curve and sensor noise. Advantages over common filtering techniques, especially for experimental conditions with less known characteristics, are still to be verified. The methodology could be used in future for closed-loop controls to adapt process parameters dynamically.
A study on economic tooling concepts for dry deep-drawing using environmentally benign volatile lubricants
Authors: Reichardt G.
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Dry processes represent promising approaches in forming technology to improve environmental aspects and human health by avoiding harmful substances and additives of conventional lubricants. Among many different approaches for dry forming investigated within the priority program SPP 1676, this paper addresses the use of volatile media as lubricants such as CO2 or N2. These volatile media are introduced directly into the interstice between sheet metal and tool surface via microinjectors. Indeed, this does not contradict the principle dry forming approach, as dry forming is defined as a process in which no residues are left on the surfaces [1]. This is ensured by the complete evaporation of the volatile media. The general feasibility of this novel tribological system has already been demonstrated in previous research work. However, despite good tribological results, the manufacturing costs of the required tool inserts and the media consumption per component are not yet economically competitive with conventional tribological systems. Therefore, this paper focuses on new designs of dry deep-drawing tools utilising volatile lubricants, considering the economics of different manufacturing processes.
Optimization of the sheet hydroforming process parameters to improve the quality of reshaped EoL components
Authors: Piccininni A.
Published: February 2023

Abstract. The reshaping of End-of-Life (EoL) components by means of sheet metal forming process has been considered largely attractive, even from the social and economic point of view. At the same time, EoL parts can be often characterized by non-uniform thicknesses or alternation of work-hardened/undeformed zones as the results of the manufacturing process. Such heterogeneity can hinder a proper reshaping of the EoL part and residual marks on the re-formed blanks can be still present at the end of the reshaping step. In a previous analysis, the authors evaluated the effectiveness of reshaping a blank with a deep drawn feature by means of the Sheet Hydroforming (SHF) process: it was demonstrated that residual marks were still present if the deep drawn feature was located in a region not enough strained during the reshaping step. Starting from this condition and adopting a numerical approach, additional investigations were carried out changing the profile of the load applied by the blankholder and the maximum oil pressure. Numerical results were collected in terms of overall strain severity and residual height of the residual marks from the deep drawn feature at the end of the reshaping step. Data were then fitted by accurate Response Surfaces trained by means of interpolant Radial Basis Functions, subsequently used to carry out a virtual optimization managed by a multi-objective genetic algorithm. Optimization results suggested the optimal value of the output variables to reduce the marks from the deep drawn feature without the occurrence of rupture.
Numerical-experimental study of a tailored press-hardening technology with intermediate pre-cooling to manufacture an automotive component in advanced high strength steel
Authors: Palmieri M.E.
Published: February 2023

Abstract. The development of new vehicles generations lighter and safer is still a challenge. Therefore, several companies are looking for innovative and efficient solutions able to combine hard and soft zones in the same structural part. In this work, attention is paid on the press hardening process with the integration of an intermediate pre-cooling, which involves a secondary furnace where the temperature for hard zones is maintained at the complete austenitization one and soft zones are cooled. A numerical-experimental analysis was carried-out to understand how process parameters, i.e., the pre-cooling temperature and the time taken for the pre-cooling phase, influenced the mechanical properties of the component. As a case study, an automotive B-Pillar in USIBOR®1500 was chosen. For this study, a Finite Element (FE) model was developed for the numerical simulation of the press-hardening technology, varying process parameters. The FE thermal cycles were experimentally reproduced on samples using a Gleeble®3180 thermo-mechanical physical simulator. After physical simulation, tensile tests, hardness tests and metallographic analysis were carried out on treated samples, with the aim of measuring their mechanical properties.
Differentiated Instruction in Teaching from the International Perspective
Authors: Maulana Ridwan , Helms-Lorenz Michelle , Moorer Peter , Smale-Jacobse Annemieke , Feng Xiangyuan
Published: February 2023

This book reports findings based on a largescale project on differentiated instruction across various education systems documenting evidence of its measurement, differences, changes, and links with student engagement. We document empirical findings of differentiated instruction practices in secondary education across diverse countries/education systems, covering student, teacher, school, and education system/country levels. Classroom observations and student surveys, both collected in authentic classrooms, are the core measures of inquiry used. Findings on similarities and differences in differentiated instruction practices, changes over time, links with student engagement, and the role of some personal and contextual factors, contribute to advance the knowledge base particularly in the field of teaching effectiveness, learning environments research, and differentiation in education. Findings are relevant for research, practice, and policy.
Control de cochinilla blanca
Authors:   Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural, Bogotá (Colombia),   Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria, (Colombia)
Published: February 2023

En este clip se da a conocer como se controla la cochinilla blanca en cítricos, la cual es una plaga que afecta las frutas.
Control de plagas en acelga
Authors:   Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria, (Colombia)
Published: February 2023

Todo cultivo está expuesto a plagas y enfermedades afectando la producción. En este clip se muestran las recomendaciones para prevenir las plagas en el cultivo de acelga.
Control de pulgones en maracuyá
Authors:   Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural, Bogotá (Colombia),   Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria, (Colombia)
Published: February 2023

En este clip se muestran las recomendaciones para el control de los pulgones (plagas altamente transmisoras de virus) en el cultivo de maracuyá.
Control mosca de la fruta en la guayaba
Authors:   Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural, Bogotá (Colombia),   Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria, (Colombia)
Published: February 2023

La mosca de la fruta es la plaga que mayor daño causa a los frutos de la guayaba en la parte plana del Valle del Cauca. Este clip muestra cómo prevenir esta afectación.
Control mosca de la fruta en maracuyá
Authors:   Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural, Bogotá (Colombia),   Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria, (Colombia)
Published: February 2023

En este clip se ofrecen recomendaciones para prevenir y controlar la mosca de la fruta en los cultivos de maracuyá.
Control del enrollador de la guayaba
Authors:   Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural, Bogotá (Colombia),   Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria, (Colombia)
Published: February 2023

Los arrolladores de las hojas son plagas que afectan los cultivos de guayaba, en este video se muestran las recomendaciones para controlar estos comedores de hojas.
Strukturelle Gestaltung selbstinitiierter Selbstreparaturen im gesprochenen Dänisch
Authors: Baecher Isabel
Published: February 2023

Die Arbeit bietet eine korpusbasierte Analyse selbstinitiierter Selbstreparaturen im Dänischen. Dieses Forschungsfeld ist in der internationalen Linguistik etabliert, für das Dänische bisher jedoch nur in
geringem Umfang bearbeitet worden. Dabei geht es unter anderem um Fragen wie die folgenden: Wie äußert es sich strukturell, wenn Sprecher ihre eigenen Äußerungen abbrechen, um sich zu korrigieren? Welche
Teile einer Äußerung werden wiederholt, wie wird die Reparatur markiert, welche Zusammenhänge gibt es zur grammatischen Struktur der Äußerung?
Adolescents’ Well-being While Using a Mobile Artificial Intelligence–Powered Acceptance Commitment Therapy Tool: Evidence From a Longitudinal Study
Authors: Vertsberger Dana , Naor Navot , Winsberg Mirène
Published: February 2023

Background

Adolescence is a critical developmental period to prevent and treat the emergence of mental health problems. Smartphone-based conversational agents can deliver psychologically driven intervention and support, thus increasing psychological well-being over time.

Objective

The objective of the study was to test the potential of an automated conversational agent named Kai.ai to deliver a self-help program based on Acceptance Commitment Therapy tools for adolescents, aimed to increase their well-being.

Methods

Participants were 10,387 adolescents, aged 14-18 years, who used Kai.ai on one of the top messaging apps (eg, iMessage and WhatsApp). Users’ well-being levels were assessed between 2 and 5 times using the 5-item World Health Organization Well-being Index questionnaire over their engagement with the service.

Results

Users engaged with the conversational agent an average of 45.39 (SD 46.77) days. The average well-being score at time point 1 was 39.28 (SD 18.17), indicating that, on average, users experienced reduced well-being. Latent growth curve modeling indicated that participants’ well-being significantly increased over time (β=2.49; P<.001) and reached a clinically acceptable well-being average score (above 50).

Conclusions

Mobile-based conversational agents have the potential to deliver engaging and effective Acceptance Commitment Therapy interventions.
Community Health Worker Use of Smart Devices for Health Promotion: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Greuel Merlin , Sy Frithjof , Bärnighausen Till , Adam Maya , Vandormael Alain , Gates Jennifer , Harling Guy
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND

Community health workers (CHWs) have become essential to the promotion of healthy behaviors, yet their work is complicated by challenges both within and beyond their control. These challenges include resistance to the change of existing behaviors, disbelief of health messages, limited community health literacy, insufficient CHW communication skills and knowledge, lack of community interest and respect for CHWs, and CHWs’ lack of adequate supplies. The rising penetration of “smart” technology (eg, smartphones and tablets) in low- and middle-income countries facilitates the use of portable electronic devices in the field.

OBJECTIVE

This scoping review examines to what extent mobile health in the form of smart devices may enhance the delivery of public health messages in CHW-client interactions, thereby addressing the aforementioned challenges and inducing client behavior change.

METHODS

We conducted a structured search of the PubMed and LILACS databases using subject heading terms in 4 categories: technology user, technology device, use of technology, and outcome. Eligibility criteria included publication since January 2007, CHWs delivering a health message aided by a smart device, and face-to-face communication between CHWs and clients. Eligible studies were analyzed qualitatively using a modified version of the Partners in Health conceptual framework.

RESULTS

We identified 12 eligible studies, 10 (83%) of which used qualitative or mixed methods approaches. We found that smart devices mitigate challenges encountered by CHWs by improving their knowledge, motivation, and creativity (eg, through self-made videos); their status within the community; and the credibility of their health messages. The technology stimulated interest in both CHWs and clients—and sometimes even in bystanders and neighbors. Media content produced locally or reflecting local customs was strongly embraced. Yet, the effect of smart devices on the quality of CHW-client interactions was inconclusive. Interactions suffered as CHWs were tempted to replace educational conversations with clients by passively watching video content. Furthermore, a series of technical difficulties experienced especially by older and less educated CHWs compromised some of the advantages brought about by mobile devices. Adequate CHW training ameliorated these difficulties. Only 1 study (8%) considered client health behavior change as an end point, thus revealing a major research gap.

CONCLUSIONS

Smart mobile devices may augment CHWs’ field performance and enhance face-to-face interactions with clients, yet they also generate new challenges. The available evidence is scarce, mostly qualitative, and focused on a limited range of health outcomes. Future research should include larger-scale interventions across a wide range of health outcomes and feature client health behavior change as an end point.
Real-Time Detection of Sleep Apnea Based on Breathing Sounds and Prediction Reinforcement Using Home Noises: Algorithm Development and Validation (Preprint)
Authors: Le Vu Linh , Kim Daewoo , Cho Eunsung , Jang Hyeryung , Reyes Roben Delos , Kim Hyunggug , Lee Dongheon , Yoon In-Young , Hong Joonki , Kim Jeong-Whun
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND

Multinight monitoring can be helpful for the diagnosis and management of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). For this purpose, it is necessary to be able to detect OSA in real time in a noisy home environment. Sound-based OSA assessment holds great potential since it can be integrated with smartphones to provide full noncontact monitoring of OSA at home.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study is to develop a predictive model that can detect OSA in real time, even in a home environment where various noises exist.

METHODS

This study included 1018 polysomnography (PSG) audio data sets, 297 smartphone audio data sets synced with PSG, and a home noise data set containing 22,500 noises to train the model to predict breathing events, such as apneas and hypopneas, based on breathing sounds that occur during sleep. The whole breathing sound of each night was divided into 30-second epochs and labeled as “apnea,” “hypopnea,” or “no-event,” and the home noises were used to make the model robust to a noisy home environment. The performance of the prediction model was assessed using epoch-by-epoch prediction accuracy and OSA severity classification based on the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI).

RESULTS

Epoch-by-epoch OSA event detection showed an accuracy of 86% and a macro F1-score of 0.75 for the 3-class OSA event detection task. The model had an accuracy of 92% for “no-event,” 84% for “apnea,” and 51% for “hypopnea.” Most misclassifications were made for “hypopnea,” with 15% and 34% of “hypopnea” being wrongly predicted as “apnea” and “no-event,” respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the OSA severity classification (AHI≥15) were 0.85 and 0.84, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study presents a real-time epoch-by-epoch OSA detector that works in a variety of noisy home environments. Based on this, additional research is needed to verify the usefulness of various multinight monitoring and real-time diagnostic technologies in the home environment.
Using Continuous Glucose Monitoring and Data Sharing to Encourage Collaboration Among Older Adults With Type 1 Diabetes and Their Care Partners: Qualitative Descriptive Study (Preprint)
Authors: Bristol Alycia A , Litchman Michelle , Berg Cynthia , Grigorian Ernest , Small Denise , Glazener Ashley , Jones Christopher , Allen Nancy A
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND

Persons with diabetes use continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) to self-manage their diabetes. Care partners (CPs) frequently become involved in supporting persons with diabetes in the management of their diabetes. However, persons with diabetes and CP dyads may require more communication and problem-solving skills regarding how to share and respond to CGM data.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to describe the experiences of persons with diabetes and CPs who participated in the Share “plus” intervention, which addresses dyadic communication strategies, problem-solving, and action planning to promote sharing of CGM data among the dyad.

METHODS

Ten dyads participated in the Share “plus” telehealth intervention. Participants were interviewed during and after the Share “plus” intervention. Thematic analysis was used to analyze interview data.

RESULTS

During postsession interviews, dyads described feeling a sense of shared responsibility yet viewed the persons with diabetes as ultimately responsible for the disease. Additionally, dyads shared that communication patterns improved and were able to recognize the negative aspects of previously established communication patterns. Dyads reported communication focused on hypoglycemia episodes while also differing in the frequency they reviewed CGM data and set alerts. Overall, dyads expressed positive reactions to the Share “plus” intervention.

CONCLUSIONS

Share “plus” was helpful in promoting positive CGM-related communication among dyads and encouraged more CP support. CPs play an important role in supporting older adults with type 1 diabetes. Communication strategies help support dyad involvement in CGM data sharing and self-management among persons with diabetes.
mHealth Systems Need a Privacy-by-Design Approach: Commentary on “Federated Machine Learning, Privacy-Enhancing Technologies, and Data Protection Laws in Medical Research: Scoping Review” (Preprint)
Authors: Tewari Ambuj
Published: February 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

Brauneck and colleagues have combined technical and legal perspectives in their timely and valuable paper “Federated Machine Learning, Privacy-Enhancing Technologies, and Data Protection Laws in Medical Research: Scoping Review.” Researchers who design mobile health (mHealth) systems must adopt the same privacy-by-design approach that privacy regulations (eg, General Data Protection Regulation) do. In order to do this successfully, we will have to overcome implementation challenges in privacy-enhancing technologies such as differential privacy. We will also have to pay close attention to emerging technologies such as private synthetic data generation.
GARCINIA COWA ROXB. ETHANOL EXTRACT INHIBITS INFLAMMATION IN LPS-INDUCED RAW 264.7 MACROPHAGES
Authors: DEWI IRENE PUSPA , WAHYUNI FATMA , ALDI YUFRI , DACHRIYANUS
Published: February 2023

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of Garcinia cowa Roxb. Ethanol (EGC) extract in LPS-induced Raw 264.7 macrophages by observing the release of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6).

Methods: Using the MTT method, a cell viability assay was performed to observe the cytotoxic effect on Raw 264.7 macrophages. For 24 h, Raw 264.7 macrophages were incubated with various EGC concentrations (100, 50, 10, 1 and 0.1 µg/ml). The medium was taken out after 48 h of incubation, and 100 µl of MTT 0.5 mg/ml was then added. 100 µl DMSO was used to dissolve the crystals and absorbance was measured using a microplate reader. To investigate the activity of EGC to LPS-induced Raw 264.7 macrophages, the ELISA method was used. Supernatant was obtained after treating Raw 264.7 macrophages with complete medium, EGC samples, and LPS (10 g/ml) for 24 h. IL-6 and TNF-α levels were assessed using supernatants with ELISA kit.

Results: Cytotoxic effect of EGC to Raw 264.7 macrophages occurred at a concentration of 100 µg/ml with the cell viability value of 59.5%. At a concentration of 50 µg/ml, no cytotoxic effect occurred and the cell viability value was 105.5%. So, the higher concentration of EGC used for further investigation is 50 µg/ml. It was shown that the production of IL 6 was suppressed by EGC at a concentration of 12.5 µg/ml. The inhibition of TNF-α production was only seen at the concentration of 12.5, 25 and 50 µg/ml; there was an increase of TNF-α production.

Conclusion: It can be concluded that EGC can be developed as a natural immunomodulator that can inhibit inflammation by suppressing IL-6 production to prevent immune system disorders.
The ‘fintech revolution’ is here! The disruptive impact of fintech on retail financial practices
Authors: Tan Gordon Kuo Siong
Published: February 2023

Fintech is celebrated for its disruptive and democratizing qualities that dis/reintermediates the finance value chain. Claims of a ‘fintech revolution’ assume that fintech is ‘disruptive’ because of its innovative capabilities, but the extent to which these disruptive forces have reconfigured consumer financial knowledge and practices is not well understood. Using a questionnaire to survey retail consumers in Singapore on their use of fintech in performing different financial tasks, this article critically examines these claims of disruption and democratization by grounding them in the financial behaviors of consumers as informed by a financial ecologies approach. The results show a limited impact of fintech in shaping consumer financial behaviors. Respondents use fintech mainly for basic transactional purposes like making mobile payments and account management, but not so much for more complex matters like savings, investing and credit. The findings also reveal a ‘stickiness’ in financial behaviors that emphasizes the high touch points of human interaction. This study illustrates fintech's variegated material outcomes by highlighting the unevenness in consumption of digital financial services and the enduring importance of human relationality in financial decision making.
In Arcadia: Landscape filming in a toxic wasteland Game engine affordances and post-game narratives
Authors: Morgana Corrado
Published: February 2023

Videogames, whether immersive simulations or abstract puzzlers, impose their own set of internal logics upon the player. If the player decides to transgress or subvert the rules or normal behaviour without directly affecting the software system itself through modification or hacking, these same internal logics still affect the player or ‘subvertors’ behaviour; the videogame has its own set of affordances, the properties that an artefact or system has that influence interaction.
Violence as Surrealist Play in Angela Carter's Shadow Dance
Authors: Watz Anna Fruchart
Published: February 2023

Honeybuzzard, one of the main characters of Angela Carter’s début novel Shadow Dance (1966), has been described by one critic as playing like a big cat, tirelessly and cruelly; “anything and anyone is fair game” (Sage 11). Honeybuzzard has organised his life completely in accordance with the play impulse, and he is not interested in anything structured by rational behaviour, work or profit. He is engaged in a constant process of making the Pleasure Principle triumph over the Reality Principle as he acts according to his capricious desires, which will turn increasingly violent and destructive as the narrative spirals towards its transgressive dénouement.Honeybuzzard’s violence can possibly be read as “a kind of (anti-)morality play which aims to undermine through exaggeration” (Gamble 54), but I think this reading does not fully acknowledge the subversive potential of his playful behaviour. In this paper, I propose to read Honeybuzzard’s nihilist play through the prism of surrealism – a movement itself known for its proliferating playfulness as well as its self-professed subversive aims.
Local Explanations: Editing a Sense of Place in Walter Scott’s Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border
Authors: Macrae Lucy
Published: February 2023

This essay examines Walter Scott’s engagement with concepts of place and regionality in the ballad collection Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border (1802-3), revealing ways in which the editor represented and re-imagined the ballads, their associated sense of place and their physical settings.
Becoming Origin(al): Deterritorialization and Postcolonial Theory from the Caribbean
Authors: Brown William Christopher
Published: February 2023

"Becoming Origin(al)" alludes to Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari's idea of "becoming minor" in Kafka: Toward a Theory of Minor Literature. This article will discuss Deleuze and Guattari's ideas in full, but the article will first set out to provide a context for thinking about postcolonial theory in relation to the Caribbean, with specific reference to Edouard Glissant's Caribbean Discourse and Jean Bernabé, Patrick Chamoiseau, and Raphaël Confiant's In Praise of Creoleness.