bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geometry optimization of auxetic honeycomb and dynamic analysis of sandwich plate and shell panels with variable stiffness composite laminates
Authors: Gupta Krishan Kumar , Pradyumna S
Published: January 2025

In the present investigation, the fiber orientations and geometric parameters of the sandwich plate and shell panels with auxetic honeycomb core and curvilinear fiber-reinforced facesheets are optimized for the maximum fundamental frequency. The dynamic analysis is carried out considering a higher-order shear deformation theory and employing a C0 eight-noded isoparametric element with nine degrees of freedom per node. The artificial bee colony algorithm is used to optimize different parameters of the auxetic core of the sandwich panel. The mechanical properties of the original material and the geometrical features of the unit cells are used to determine the mechanical properties of the auxetic core. The effects of fiber orientations, and geometric parameters like rib thickness, inclined cell angle, vertical cell rib length, and inclined cell rib length of the core on maximizing fundamental frequency parameters of the panels are investigated. It is evident from the present study that the natural frequency of the panels can be altered without changing their plan dimensions and mass by suitably altering the geometric parameters of the auxetic honeycomb core. The analysis is extended for the different ratios of the density of facesheets and auxetic core materials. The analysis is carried out for three and five-layer sandwich panels with different facesheet-auxetic core arrangements and boundary conditions. For five layered auxetic honeycomb sandwich plates and shell panels, the non-dimensional fundamental frequency is observed to be lower for sandwich with alternate facesheet-core arrangement i.e., three facesheets and two core layers, compared to that of a single core at the middle. The non-dimensional frequency parameter is also found to be sensitive to geometry parameters of auxetic core and fiber angles of the facesheets.
Multi-objective optimization of wear and friction behavior of hybrid Magnesium-graphene-silicon nitride composite under dry sliding conditions
Authors: Preethi V. , Kavimani V. , Gopal P. M.
Published: January 2025

The reported work aims to analyse the effect of silicon nitride (Si3N4) on the wear characteristics of magnesium composite processed through liquid metallurgy. The composite is prepared through stir casting under argon atmosphere with varying Si3N4% (5, 10 and 15) and fixed quantity of Graphene Oxide (0.3%). The resistance to wear capability of the prepared composites are tested through pin on disc wear test rig by considering wear parameters like load, velocity and distance. Results indicates that load has greater effect on wear rate followed by Si3N4% whereas and Coefficient of Friction (CoF) is greatly influenced by load followed by velocity. Worn surface of the test specimens exposed reduction in plastic deformation, delamination and cracks with increase in Si3N4%. ENTROPY – COPRAS technique is used for multi objective optimization to get unique optimal parameter for minimal wear rate and CoF. The hybrid method suggests 15 wt.% Si3N4, 1 m/s sliding velocity, 10 N applied load, and 1000 m sliding distance as optimal condition which yields specific wear rate and CoF of 0.9197 × 10−3 mm3/Nm and 0.4019 µ. These conditions can be used for utilizing hybrid composite in dry sliding applications.
Effects of home-based interventions on cognitive performance in patients with dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ma Xichao , Wang Yu , Chen Xinxin , Zhu Shijie , Lin Yang , Liu Shaxin , Yang Yonghong
Published: January 2025

Background

With increasing age, dementia is a common disease in the elderly population，especially Alzheimer's disease. Owing to the nature of the disease, the function of patients deteriorates, which places a heavy burden on the country and family. Home-based training programs have been shown to improve cognitive function in patients with dementia.

Objective

To examine the effects and methods of home-based interventions on the cognitive performance of patients with dementia.

Methods

This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted on the basis of the PRISMA statement. This protocol was registered in advance at PROSPERO (CRD42021277269). Six English electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and OTseeker, were searched and updated to January 31, 2024. Two researchers independently completed the literature retrieval and data extraction. RevMan 5.3 software was used to analyze the data. The standardized mean difference and the 95% confidence interval were used for statistical analysis. Subgroup analyses were performed by assessment tools, intervention duration and intervention methods.

Results

Twenty randomized controlled trials with 3543 participants were included in the qualitative synthesis, and 17 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with the control intervention, the home-based intervention significantly improved cognitive performance (SMD = 0.45; 95% CI = [0.17, 0.74]; p = 0.002).

Conclusions

Moderate to high evidence shows that home-based interventions significantly improve the cognitive performance of patients with dementia, especially their comprehensive cognitive function.
Cross-sectional and prognostic associations of baseline [18F]GTP1 tau PET signal and white matter lesion volumes for cognitive and functional decline in prodromal-to-mild Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Ruiz-Uribe Nancy E , Manser Paul , Butcher Brandon , Li Yihao , Blendstrup Mira , Baker Suzanne , Sanabria Bohorquez Sandra , Teng Edmond
Published: January 2025

Background

In Alzheimer's disease (AD), tau and white matter lesion pathology are associated with clinical severity and subsequent decline, but their relative relationships with clinical assessments remain uncertain.

Objective

To examine cross-sectional and prognostic associations between baseline [18F]GTP1 tau positron emission tomography (PET) standardized uptake value ratio (SUVRs) and T1 white matter hypointensity (WMHypo) volumes with clinical indices.

Methods

We analyzed participants with biomarker-confirmed prodromal (n = 127) or mild (n = 233) AD with baseline [18F]GTP1 tau PET and MRI and longitudinal Clinical Dementia Rating-Sum of Boxes (CDR-SB), 13-item version of the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog13), Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE), and Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study-Activities of Daily Living (ADCS-ADL) data.

Results

Higher baseline [18F]GTP1 SUVRs were independently associated with poorer baseline performance and faster rates of subsequent decline on all five clinical outcome measures. Higher baseline WMHypo volumes were independently associated with poorer baseline performance on the CDR-SB, ADAS-Cog13, RBANS, and MMSE and faster rates of subsequent decline on the CDR-SB and ADCS-ADL.

Conclusions

The independent associations of tau and white matter lesion pathology with clinical decline in AD suggest future prognostic models should include both imaging modalities.
Effect of genetic and vascular risk factors on rates of cognitive decline in early-onset and late-onset Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Li Yunyi , Sanjay Apoorva Bharthur , Manchella Mohit , Mishra Aryan , Logan Paige E , Kim Hee Jin , Risacher Shannon L , Gao Sujuan , Apostolova Liana G ,   for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative *
Published: January 2025

Background

Although previous studies have shown that cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with various risk factors, they primarily focused on late-onset AD (LOAD).

Objective

We aim to evaluate the differential impact of risk factors on the cognitive decline between early-onset AD (EOAD, onset < 65 years) and LOAD (onset [Formula: see text] 65 years) and explore the longitudinal effect of Apolipoprotein E allele 4 ( APOE ε4) on cortical atrophy in both cohorts.

Methods

Using data from 212 EOAD and 1101 LOAD participants in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI), we conducted multivariable mixed-effect models to evaluate the impact of APOE ε4, education, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and body mass index on cognitive performance. Preprocessed MRI data were utilized for longitudinal parametric mapping.

Results

APOE ε4 carriers in both groups showed significantly accelerated declines in language, verbal memory, executive function, and general cognition. By controlling other significant risk factors, APOE ε4 carriers showed faster declines in language and verbal memory in both groups. Females exhibited accelerated declines in Language and verbal memory in the EOAD and LOAD cohorts respectively. LOAD individuals with hypertension showed faster declines while overweight and obese participants displayed slower declines in both cohorts across all domains except visuospatial. Notably, APOE ε4 status was associated with longitudinal cortical atrophy in the LOAD cohort but not in the EOAD cohort.

Conclusions

Known risk factors for AD were associated with cognitive decline in both EOAD and LOAD cohorts.
Culture in online anonymous interaction: Negotiating imageboard group style on Ylilauta
Authors: Siltala Arttu , Ylä-Anttila Tuukka , Luhtakallio Eeva
Published: January 2025

We suggest that the theory of group styles, based on the pragmatist idea of people creatively using cultural tools for meaning-making, can be a fruitful way forward to study the cultures of anonymous online communities such as imageboards. We argue that users creatively build these ‘glocal’ cultures on affordances but also globally disseminated cultural toolkits of, in this case, imageboards. We present such an empirical analysis of Ylilauta, a Finnish-language imageboard with important similarities but also differences to previously studied English-language imageboards such as 4chan. Users of Ylilauta construct strong social boundaries, bonds and speech norms, unofficial rules of conduct and belonging in the anonymous online culture. They resist commercialization of their culture and try to preserve its perceived originality.
Covert political campaigning: Mapping the scope, scale, and cost of cross-platform election influence operations
Authors: Gaw Fatima , Bunquin Jon Benedik A , Lanuza Jose Mari H , Cabbuag Samuel I , Sapalo Noreen H , Yusoph Al-Habbyel
Published: January 2025

This study investigates gray areas of contemporary political campaigning from a political economy perspective. Using qualitative field and digital methods, computational methods, and economic modeling, it analyzes the scope, scale, and cost of commissioning social media influencers in the 2022 Philippine Elections across Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, and TikTok. The researchers find that there is a high demand for influencers to campaign for candidates, characterized by premium and dynamic incentives under informal and obscure arrangements. We identified 1425 influencer accounts across the four social media platforms that engage in covert political campaigning and categorized them into seven types. The cost of these influencer-led campaigns is estimated to range from USD 27M following a pay-per-post compensation model, to USD 10.9M using a retainer model. This article serves as a model for both election research and election policy by providing a modular framework that addresses knowledge gaps in various country contexts.
Compression performance of 3D-printed ant-inspired lattice structures: An innovative design approach
Authors: Atahan Mithat Gokhan , Saglam Selman
Published: January 2025

In this study, three different ant-inspired lattice design types: single, double, and inverted double structures were considered due to ants’ excellent load-carrying weight ratio. Lattice structures were fabricated using the 3D printing method and polylactic acid filament was used as a printing material. The true blueprint images of the ant were used to obtain the parametric dimensions of the ant-inspired lattice structure. Hence, the presented innovative method for designing lattice structures can be a promising option for industrial sectors requiring high-strength structures. The quasi-static axial compression tests were conducted to evaluate the compression performance of the novel lattice structures. The compression performance of ant-inspired single lattice structures was compared based on specific force, specific energy absorption, and specific stiffness at different height values. The deformation stages and damage regions of ant-inspired lattice structures were analyzed to identify their critical regions during compression tests. The results indicated that as the height value increased, there was a notable decrease in specific force, specific energy absorption, and specific stiffness, along with buckling damage in the ant-inspired single lattice structures. Among the three design types, the ant-inspired inverted double lattice structure showed better compression performance compared to the ant-inspired double lattice structure; however, the ant-inspired single lattice structure with a height of 30 mm exhibited the highest overall compression performance.
Innovation capabilities and sustainability in MSMEs. An analysis of empirical studies
Authors: Kalathingal Shilpa , Ambrammal Sunil Kumar
Published: January 2025

Innovation is the primary source of competitive advantage for an organization and offers long-term growth and sustainability. Firms and organizations consider developing innovative capabilities to survive in this competitive era. Considering the influence of firm size on enhancing innovation practices, special attention is directed toward small-sized firms, particularly MSMEs, recognizing their pivotal role in the economy. The present analysis emphasizes the necessity to address the concerns of small firms, as identified in various empirical studies, for improved performance through innovation. The study examines these concerns with the resource-based view (RBV), considering internal and external factors, and outlines future research directions for a deeper understanding. The research collected 145 articles from different databases from 2010 to 2022. Leveraging the insights from this review, entrepreneurs can bolster their growth prospects by enhancing their company's innovation capacity with the available resources.
Vibes-based methods
Authors: Watson Ash
Published: January 2025

Vibes are having a moment and academics seem increasingly serious about understanding whatever the vibe is. Many qualitative methodological approaches are already very vibey. This is especially true of those that engage with affects and atmospheres, social and sociotechnical imaginaries, and materialisms and the more-than-human. In this article, I reflect on these approaches and outline some vibes-based methods. I discuss how vibes-based methods help us consider and work with the generative ambiguities of social life.
Development and verification of automatic recognition system for vocal performance styles based on ResNet
Authors: Ni Xu , Chen Xiyang
Published: January 2025

This paper studies the automatic recognition system of vocal performance style based on residual network (ResNet). The system can precisely recognize multiple vocal performance styles through automation technology. Firstly, an audio dataset covering multiple vocal styles was constructed based on the publicly available dataset GTZAN, and the data in the dataset was preprocessed to extract key music features. Subsequently, the ResNet model was chosen as the core recognition component of the system, which was trained to learn the complex relationship between audio features and vocal styles. Finally, the construction of the system was carried out. In the verification phase, the dataset was divided into two parts: the training set and the test set. After training the model using the training set, its performance was comprehensively evaluated on the test set. The experiment showed that the recognition system based on ResNet performed well in precision, recall, and accuracy, with specific values of 95.6%, 91.6%, and 96.7%, respectively. Meanwhile, the recognition accuracy of the ResNet-based system for 10 vocal performance styles was 95.96% on average. Applying ResNet to an automatic recognition system for vocal performance styles not only provides an efficient and reliable solution in this field, but also opens up new horizons for the further application of deep learning in the music industry.
Development and implementation of a deep learning-based smart evaluation system for animated films
Authors: Zhang Bo
Published: January 2025

Animation has a rich history of over a century, and scholarly interest in the critique of animated films has evolved alongside its development. With the advent of the Internet and advancements in computer technology, traditional methods of animated movie appreciation are increasingly challenged by new complexities. This paper addresses these challenges by presenting an advanced intelligent system for evaluating animated films, utilizing cutting-edge deep learning models. Our approach begins with a pre-trained deep learning model to classify image categories and extract scene characteristics, while a primary color extraction algorithm captures key color features. Building on this, we propose an innovative deep convolutional neural network (CNN) augmented with fully connected layers to integrate multimodal features, enhancing the accuracy of film evaluations. Furthermore, we introduce a novel deep learning framework designed to detect pixel regions in images that evoke emotional responses. By employing visualization techniques within the convolutional network, we identify emotionally significant regions and enhance these features during initial training, improving the system’s emotional sensitivity. Experimental results demonstrate that our system not only improves the accuracy and efficiency of animated film evaluations but also surpasses existing methods, offering a more nuanced, emotion-aware approach to animation critique. This work advances the field by providing a robust, automated tool for evaluating animated films, offering deeper insights into their emotional and visual components, and contributing to the ongoing evolution of AI-driven film appreciation systems.
Moderating Role of Self-Control Between Anger-Youth Violence Relationship
Authors: Lee Wonki
Published: January 2025

This study is designed to test whether low self-control moderates the relationship between anger and violent behavior of youth. To that aim, two waves of panel data from the Korean Youth Panel Survey were employed ( N = 3132) to estimate the moderating effect of low self-control between anger and violent behavior by youth. The results suggested that aggressive youth with low self-control are more likely to engage in violent behavior, and low self-control is found to exert significant conditional effects on the relationship between anger and violent behavior of youth.
Federal trade commission's rule on non-compete ban: Relevance for a common law jurisdiction- India
Authors: Stephen Tina K , Sasi Arun
Published: January 2025

Countries have been pondering about the use and legality of non-compete agreement for many years. Lack of regulatory clarity on these covenants has allowed companies to use these contracts with impunity. These covenants not only restrict the employees from joining a competitor but also refrain them from having a competing business of their own. Promotion of competition has been at the center of FTC regulations, and so the use of non-competes and its effects on competition have been a concern. Thus the FTC issued the final order banning non-compete in April 2024. In India too, as in many other Common Law countries, non-competes are rampantly used. In spite of that, there is no legal clarity on its enforceability in the court of law. The courts have decided these cases based on broad principles of restraint of trade. Even senior executives such as Jatin Dala, CFO of Wipro have been sued for approximately 3 million USD, by its employer for allegedly violating his non-compete. The article analyzes how the new FTC ban could be a legal guide for a common law country like India and many others. The article tries to analyze how the FTC regulation can be transpollinated to India and the benefits of doing the same.
Anomaly detection of gear wear: introducing a novel health indicator through experimentation and physical investigation
Authors: Bachar Lior , Matania Omri , Cohen Roee , Bortman Jacob
Published: January 2025

Monitoring gear wear is important for gear diagnosis, although it remains a challenging endeavor. Unlike localized tooth faults, there are still physical patterns in the vibration signature associated with distributed wear faults that should be unfolded. This study contributes a novel framework for gear wear diagnosis, supported by physical principles and validated against traditional methods through extensive experimentation. First, we characterize gear wear in the vibration signature, utilizing data from dozens of seeded, realistic degrading wear cases across various rotational speeds collected through unique controlled-degradation tests. We examine conventional features that have proven useful for diagnosing localized tooth faults and demonstrate their inadequate performance in diagnosing gear wear. We propose a sensitive spectral analysis of the gear mesh and sideband spectral energy in the spectrum to recognize wear manifestation and monitor its degradation. Drawing on the insights gained in this study, we introduce a novel health indicator for anomaly detection of incipient gear wear, grounded in physical understanding and employing sophisticated yet simple feature engineering techniques. We analyze the performance of the proposed health indicator, demonstrating its superiority over state-of-the-art methods, and underscore the importance of considering assembly and dismantling operations to avoid the issue of test-training leakage. Additionally, we highlight the potential of the proposed physical-based framework combined with a deep-learning approach to detect wear in its early stages. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to conduct extensive controlled-degradation tests, rather than endurance tests, to investigate gear wear and offer a hybrid physical data-driven framework that combines advanced signal processing, feature extraction, and feature engineering techniques for early anomaly detection.
Corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity of Ta-modified Titanium bipolar plates for PEMFC
Authors: Chu Hongwei , Meng Xi , Pan Yu , Yuan Zhentao , Wang Xiao , Li Lu , Huang Haiguang , Hayat Muhammad Dilawer
Published: January 2025

Titanium alloy bipolar plates hold significant promise for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) due to their high specific strength, excellent machinability and low density. However, the surface oxide film readily reacts with fluoride ions (F−) in service environments, forming porous, layered fluorotitanium compounds that compromise service life and stability. To overcome these limitations, this study utilised magnetron sputtering to deposit a 1 μm-thick tantalum (Ta) coating on TA1 titanium alloy substrates. The microstructure, corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity of the Ta-coated samples were systematically investigated and the mechanisms underlying their enhanced performance were analysed. Results showed that the Ta coating featured a dense, uniform microstructure with strong adhesion to the substrate and no detectable metallurgical defects. A gradient distribution of elements within the diffusion layer further strengthened the coating-substrate interface. Moreover, the formation of a Ta2O5 passivation film on the coating surface effectively inhibited fluoride-induced corrosion, reducing the contact resistance from 69.9 to 31.7 mΩ·cm2. These findings provide critical theoretical insights and practical guidance for enhancing the corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity of titanium alloy bipolar plates, paving the way for their broader application in PEMFC systems.
Evaluating the impact of soft bracing and textile engineering in enhancing postural control and proprioception in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Liu Pak-Yiu , Zhang Jun , Wan Ka-Wing F , Yu Hiu-Tung H , Lau Ki-Lee K , Cheung Man-Chee K , Chen Brian Y , Yip Joanne
Published: January 2025

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is often associated with unbalanced posture and proprioceptive deficits and is particularly prone to progression during puberty. However, limited research has addressed early intervention for mild curves (10-20 degrees). This study aims to examine the effects of a soft bracing intervention using the Posture Correction Girdle (PCG) on 3D postural balance and proprioception in adolescents with early-stage scoliosis. Cobb angles were measured with the X-ray Imaging before and after a 2-h wear trial with the girdle to assess immediate curve reduction. Postural angles were visualized using 3D body scanning. Proprioception was assessed using a motion capture system, focusing on trunk, neck, elbow, and knee movements under the eye-open and eye-closed condition. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, and Pearson’s correlation and partial Mantel tests to examine postural balance and proprioceptive outcomes. Results indicated significant improvements in postural balance in the frontal and sagittal planes, and proprioception in the dominant-side elbow. However, other proprioceptive measures showed limited changes, with responses differing by spinal curvature. Strong correlations emerged between proprioceptive function and postural angles in the thoracic and lumbar regions. These findings suggest that soft bracing can enhance postural control for mild AIS, though individual variability in responses highlights the need for personalized bracing strategies. This study supports soft bracing as a promising therapeutic option, underscoring the importance of individualized assessment to optimize brace design and effectiveness in early-onset scoliosis management.
The Relationship Between College Students’ Perceptions of Their Physical Activity Class Climate to Their Feelings of Thriving and Mental Well-being
Authors: Strande Kaytlin Marlee , Fry Mary D. , Long Haiying
Published: January 2025

Objective

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between students’ perceptions of a caring and task-involving climate (C/TIC) in their college physical activity courses (PACs) to their feelings of thriving and mental well-being across a semester.

Design

College students enrolled in PACs for college credit volunteered to complete a survey that included measures of their PAC climate, thriving, and mental well-being.

Setting

College students enrolled in a PAC at a large Midwestern university.

Method

Students completed the survey twice, at approximately 4 weeks (time 1) and 12 weeks (time 2) into the semester.

Results

No significant changes were observed in the variables (class climate, thriving, and mental well-being) from time 1 to time 2. However, perceptions of a C/TIC at time one predicted thriving and mental well-being scores at time two.

Conclusion

Researchers may explore how universities can provide training to instructors to foster a C/TIC to heighten students’ thriving and mental well-being.
Development of a standardized data collection and intelligent fabric quality prediction system for the weaving department
Authors: Dai Ning , Li Lunjun , Xu Kaixin , Lu Zhehao , Hu Xudong , Yuan Yanhong
Published: January 2025

The diversity of weaving equipment has led to inconsistencies in communication protocols, impeding data collection and interoperability between devices, and ultimately reducing production efficiency. Additionally, fabric defects significantly impact product quality, while current visual inspection technologies are primarily reactive and traditional quality prediction methods often exhibit considerable errors. This study leverages the standardization and interoperability features of open platform communications unified architecture technology to facilitate data acquisition within the weaving department, establishing a reliable Internet of Things framework that supports subsequent fabric quality prediction, and optimizing the back propagation neural network through the K-means clustering algorithm and particle swarm optimization to predict the type and number of fabric defects. A comparative analysis with traditional BP and PSO-BP prediction models was conducted, ultimately verifying the feasibility of using OPC UA to transmit weaving data for fabric quality prediction. The research results demonstrate that using OPC UA technology enables the unified transmission of weaving equipment data, addressing the issue of heterogeneity in weaving department equipment. The K-means-PSO-BP model can effectively predict defects such as double weft, hundred feet, and broken warp with minimal error, achieving a root mean square error of less than 0.15.
A Policy to Sedentarize ‘Nomads’: The ‘Tsigane Hamlet’ in Plan-de-Grasse, France, 1966
Authors: Foisneau Lise
Published: January 2025

This article seeks to tshed light on the history of twentieth-century sedentarization policies in metropolitan France. It analyses the implementation of the so called ‘Tsigane Hamlet’, completed in the town of Plan-de-Grasse in the Alpes-Maritimes in 1966. This Hamlet concerned Roma and Sinti families that, even in the 1960s, were continuing to experience the harsh after-effects of the War and had been unable to reestablish their previous patterns of mobility and circulation. The first part describes the circulation patterns of the ancestors of Hamlet residents and discusses some of the World War II-era persecutions inflicted on them. The second part then analyses the principles of sedentarization on which this collective residential project was founded. This article reflects on the freedom of movement of Romani communities in post-war France.
Between Politics and Devotion: Religion and Mobility at the International Eucharistic Congress of Barcelona (1952)
Authors: Nunez-Bargueno Natalia
Published: January 2025

This article illustrates how Catholicism contributed to the rebuilding of local and transnational mobility in early Cold War Europe. After World War II came to an end, Christian hopes for a post-war spiritual renewal led to a significant resurgence of religion in the West. The trauma of division and oppression, as well as the fear of a devastating international nuclear war, resulted in a particular enthusiasm for spirituality. Transnational pilgrimages and similar religious gatherings thrived. In addition, largely as a result of Pius XII's promotion of Catholic Action, the participation and mobility of Catholics in national and international forums (including the UN) increased. One particularly interesting case study is the 1952 International Eucharistic Congress (IEC) in Barcelona. The gathering was organized by a formerly Axis-aligned dictatorship: Franco's Spain. In the late 1940s, the country had been condemned to diplomatic isolation due to its wartime ties with the Axis powers. It was also subject to strict curtailments imposed on the internal circulation of goods, people, and ideas. Consequently, organizing the Congress posed considerable challenges for the regime, including the regulation of attendance by determining who was permitted to participate (i.e. pilgrims, refugees) and who was barred (i.e. migrants). In the end, the Congress brought together nearly two million faithful Catholics from all over the world. As a mass international event and an example of ‘religion in motion’ (Hervieu-Léger, 1999), the Barcelona IEC offers a significant opportunity to advance and nuance the historical understanding of the powerful local and international mobilities that have played a role in shaping the contemporary world.
"There is a lot more potential” - practitioner perspectives on technology and data-driven talent identification, selection, and development in a German Bundesliga academy
Authors: Monsees Leah M
Published: January 2025

This case study explored the perceptions and utilisation of data-driven methods of coaches, scouts, and a sporting manager overseeing the U8-U14 unit of a German Bundesliga academy. It comprised seven semi-structured interviews and employed thematic analysis to unravel the complexities of talent identification, selection and development (TISD). The findings provide highly contextual insights into practices and perceptions of key stakeholders within the context of academy football. Technology and data-driven methods were restricted to anthropometric measurements and automated video evaluations. Nonetheless, informants recognised the potential of data-driven methods, such as AI, to enhance TISD practices and decision-making. Financial constraints did not pose a barrier, however, challenges, such as limited expertise and insufficient time for data interpretation, hindered the wider adoption of data-driven strategies and technologies. It is suggested that training staff in data interpretation and investing in skilled personnel could improve the effective use of new technologies and enhance player development. Legal regulations, such as the General Data Protection Regulations, were perceived as potential hurdles to adopt innovative methods. Moreover, demographic dynamics, particularly younger staff, are believed to positively influence technological adoption. The need for further research to explore how organisational dynamics and data protection laws impact the adoption and effectiveness of data-driven methods in football academies was suggested.
Which factors define success during the basketball overtimes
Authors: Gómez-Ruano Miguel-Ángel , Jiménez Saiz Sergio , Filho Edson , Lago-Peñas Carlos , Cui Yixiong
Published: January 2025

This study investigates how scoring before overtime and various contextual factors influence outcomes during overtime in three professional basketball leagues. We collected data from the National Basketball Association (NBA), Euroleague, and Spanish Professional League (ACB), consisting of n = 275, n = 37, and n = 59 games, respectively, and played in the seasons 2019–2022. Our analysis included variables such as the team that tied the score, game location, opponent strength, maximum point difference during the game, and the last five minutes of regulation play. Binomial logistic regression revealed that the team scoring the tying basket did not significantly affect overtime outcomes in any league. Notably, in the ACB league, game location and maximum point difference during the game were significant predictors, while in the Euroleague, keeping the game tight was crucial. In contrast, in the NBA, game location and opponent strength were pivotal. Our analysis of predictive accuracy showed differing results across leagues, with the ACB league exhibiting the highest accuracy. These differential results between leagues underscore the importance of tailoring coaching strategies to specific league dynamics, enabling teams to better prepare for the critical moments leading to overtime based on the influence of each contextual factor.
Professionally phubbed: A mixed-method experiment measuring the effects of phone snubbing behavior during a job interview
Authors: Ochs Carli , Kosnowski Nathalie , Jaunin Astride , Sauer Juergen
Published: January 2025

Phubbing (i.e., ignoring someone while using a phone) may occur at work, having an impact on the phubbee, the phubber, and the organization at large. We used a mixed-method experiment to examine the impact of phubbing on different work-related variables such as objective performance, subjective states, and first impression judgments during job interviews. Ninety-three participants took part in a simulated job interview based on the Trier Social Stress Test. In the experimental group, participants were repeatedly phubbed during both the interview and the performance test. At the end of the experiment, phubbed participants were asked to describe their experience, and thematic analysis was used to evaluate their responses. Overall, the results of the quantitative analysis revealed that first impressions, judgments, and subjective states were negatively affected by phubbing. Regarding performance, a within-session analysis revealed that participants performed faster on a performance test (mental arithmetic task) when they were not phubbed compared to when they were. A qualitative analysis of responses revealed considerable differences between interviewees in their use of coping strategies (e.g., rationalization of phubbing). These findings suggest the need to address phubbing in a professional setting.
How does mHealth benefit older Chinese adults’ quality of life? Examining the roles of eHealth literacy, health motivation, and patient activation
Authors: Qiu Sha Sarah , Ye Jizhou Francis , You Fei , Liu Muhan , Zhao Xinshu
Published: January 2025

Background

China is experiencing a rapid increase in its aging population, leading to the emergence of significant challenges to improve the quality of life (QoL) of older adults. The study aims to explore the potential benefits of using mobile health technology in improving the QoL for older Chinese adults.

Method

This study utilized a subsample of adults aged 60 and above from a cross-sectional, population-based national survey conducted among Chinese adults (N = 852). A moderated mediation analysis was conducted to investigate the impact of mHealth use on older Chinese adults’ QoL, focusing on the mediating roles of eHealth literacy and patient activation and the moderating effect of motivation for health promotion and prevention.

Result

The results indicate that mHealth use directly enhances the QoL of older Chinese adults (β = .061, p < .001), and this effect is mediated by eHealth literacy and patient activation (β = .057, Boots 95% CI [.044, .072]). Furthermore, motivation for health promotion and prevention moderates the relationship between eHealth literacy and patient activation (β = .133, p < .001).

Conclusion

These results demonstrate the positive impact of mHealth use on the QoL of older Chinese adults and reveal the underlying mechanisms involving mental and physical factors. These findings underscore the significance of increased attention to promoting mHealth use among older Chinese adults and provide a new way to enhance eHealth literacy and patient activation by encouraging the adoption of mHealth products.
Real-time evaluation of an automated computer vision system to monitor pain behavior in older adults
Authors: Stopyn Rhonda JN , Moturu Abhishek , Taati Babak , Hadjistavropoulos Thomas
Published: January 2025

Regular use of standardized observational tools to assess nonverbal pain behaviors results in improved pain care for older adults with severe dementia. While frequent monitoring of pain behaviors in long-term care (LTC) is constrained by resource limitations, computer vision technology has the potential to mitigate these challenges. A computerized algorithm designed to assess pain behavior in older adults with and without dementia was recently developed and validated using video recordings. This study was the first live, real-time evaluation of the algorithm incorporated in an automated system with community-dwelling older adults in a laboratory. Three safely-administered thermal pain tasks were completed while the system automatically processed facial activity. Receiver Operating Characteristic curves were used to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the system in identifying facial pain expressions using gold standard manual coding. The relationship between scoring methods was analyzed and gender differences were explored. Results supported the potential viability of the system for use with older adults. System performance improved when more intense facial pain expressiveness was considered. While average pain scores remained homogenous between genders, system performance was better for women. Findings will be used to further refine the system prior to future field testing in LTC.
Digital (Dis)connection, Agency, and Imagination in a French Rural Community
Authors: Darling-Wolf Fabienne
Published: January 2025

Common to scholarly analyses of the “digital revolution” is their inclination to deploy technology—the platforms, their affordances, the virtual spaces they create—as the main entry into evaluations of digital media’s impact on socio-cultural organization. While certainly useful in helping us understand the dynamics of digital practices and spaces, these narratives often fail to provide a fuller portrait of individuals’ broader relationship to the technological world shaped not (only) by their digital media use (or lack thereof) but also by their mere awareness of the existence of digital tools. Drawing from 14 months of ethnographic fieldwork in as small rural community in France, this project starts sketching such a portrait. Inspired by theories of mediation that encourage us to “rediscover” people as a methodological starting point by moving our focus from object (media) to process (mediation), it explores how residents experience, enjoy, resist, and negotiate the impact of digital and social media on the community’s culture, identity, and social organization.
Staged Approach: The Role of Delayed Repair Following Complete Unifocalization of Major Aortopulmonary Collateral Arteries with Ventricular Septal Defect and Pulmonary Atresia
Authors: Deng Mimi X. , Zahiri Yasmin , Honjo Osami , Barron David J.
Published: January 2025

The presentation of pulmonary vasculature in pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect and major aortopulmonary collateral arteries (PA/VSD/MAPCA) is highly variable—as is the number, size and position of the MAPCAs and their relationship with the native pulmonary artery system. The priority in the management of this disease should be attaining timely and complete unifocalization, as opposed to single-stage full repair in every case. The merit of early unifocalization is that it secures the pulmonary vascular bed by (a) avoiding loss of lung segments from progressive stenosis/atresia of MAPCA origins, (b) preventing lung injury from high pressure/flow in areas fed by large, unobstructed MAPCAs, and (c) restoring central continuity of the pulmonary vasculature. Furthermore, there are a small but important group of patients with poorly developed vessels (about 10%-15% of the population) and/or diminutive native pulmonary artery vasculature that require initial shunt procedures to promote rehabilitation and growth of vessels before unifocalization can be attempted. During unifocalization, patients not suitable for single stage repair can be identified by intraoperative flow studies and can be successfully managed with staged strategies that provide time for growth and reinterventions on the pulmonary vasculature. Over 85% of patients can achieve unifocalization. Deferring closure of the VSD to a subsequent procedure is safe and these cases have similar survival to primary repair. Some patients (15%-20%) may never achieve VSD closure with this strategy but can still maintain a good quality of life with a restrictive right ventricular to pulmonary artery conduit and open VSD.
Lightning Can Strike Twice: Management of an Infant With Anomalous Left Coronary Artery from the Pulmonary Artery Complicated by Coccidioidomycosis Infection
Authors: Methuku Varshini , Kowalek Katie A. , Price Nathan B. , Bliss Alison , Fox Kenneth A. , Seckeler Michael D.
Published: January 2025

Cardiac disease in young children can be unrecognized until symptoms are unmasked by a precipitating event, such as an infection. We present a case of anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery causing clinically significant disease in a four-month-old male with concomitant mitral regurgitation and pulmonary coccidioidomycosis who required modification of his surgical management due to the infection. This case highlights how timely diagnosis and perioperative management and recovery can be affected by concurrent infections in patients with congenital heart disease.
Latest Developments in Targeted Biological Therapies in the Management of Chordoma and Chondrosarcoma
Authors: Biczo Adam , Sahgal Arjun , Verlaan Jorrit-Jan , Shreyaskumar Patel , Szoverfi Zsolt , Schultheiss Markus , Rhines Laurence , Reynolds Jeremy , Laufer Ilya , Gasbarrini Alessandro , Dea Nicolas , Gokaslan Ziya , Fisher Charles , Bettegowda Chetan , Boriani Stefano , Hornicek Francis , Goodwin Rory , Lazary Aron
Published: January 2025

Study Design

Systematic review.

Objectives

The objective of this review paper was to summarize targeted molecular therapy options for spinal chordoma and chondrosarcoma, and to provide an update on the relevant clinical trials open for recruitment.

Methods

A systematic review of the current literature was performed, according to PRISMA guidelines, to summarize the latest developments in non-surgical molecular treatment options for low grade malignant primary spinal tumours. We also summarize those actively recruiting clinical trials based on clinicaltrials.gov.

Results

A total of 73 studies and completed clinical trials were reviewed. Twenty actively recruiting clinical trials (eight for chordoma and twelve for chondrosarcoma) were identified.

Conclusions

There is a strong need to find new therapeutic options to complement surgical resection and radiation therapy, which remain the cornerstone of management. Targeted therapies against molecular pathways show promise as compared to conventional chemotherapy.
Prevention and Management of Posterior Wound Complications Following Oncologic Spine Surgery: Narrative Review of Available Evidence and Proposed Clinical Decision-Making Algorithm
Authors: Leary Owen P. , Setty Aayush , Gong Jung Ho , Ali Rohaid , Fridley Jared S. , Fisher Charles G. , Sahgal Arjun , Rhines Laurence D. , Reynolds Jeremy J. , Lazáry Áron , Laufer Ilya , Gasbarrini Alessandro , Dea Nicolas , Verlaan Jorrit-Jan , Bettegowda Chetan , Boriani Stefano , Mesfin Addisu , Luzzati Alessandro , Shin John H. , Cecchinato Riccardo , Hornicek Francis J. , Goodwin Matthew L. , Gokaslan Ziya L.
Published: January 2025

Study Design

Narrative Review.

Objective

Contextualized by a narrative review of recent literature, we propose a wound complication prevention and management algorithm for spinal oncology patients. We highlight available strategies and motivate future research to identify optimal and individualized wound management for this population.

Methods

We conducted a search of recent studies (2010-2022) using relevant keywords to identify primary literature in support of current strategies for wound complication prevention and management following spine tumor surgery. When primary literature specific to spine tumor cases was not available, data were extrapolated from studies of other spine surgery populations. Results were compiled into a proposed clinical algorithm to guide practice considering available evidence.

Results

Based on available literature, we recommend individualized stratification of patients according to identifiable risk factors for wound complication and propose several interventions which might be employed preventatively, including intrawound antibiotic administration, negative pressure wound therapy, and primary flap closure of the surgical wound. Of these, the available evidence, weighing possible risks vs benefits, most strongly favors primary flap closure of surgical wounds, particularly for patients with multiple risk factors. A secondary algorithm to guide management of wound complications is also proposed.

Conclusions

Wound complications such as SSI and dehiscence remain a significant source of morbidity following spine tumor surgery. Triaging patients on an individualized basis according to risk factors for complication may aid in selecting appropriate prophylactic strategies to prevent these complications. Future research in this area is still needed to strengthen recommendations.