bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
WEAR TESTING OF BUTTONS IN BITS FOR BLASTHOLE DRILLING
Authors: DUDEK Rafał , WŁADZIELCZYK Krzysztof
Published: November 2018

The article presents the results of the wear testing of buttons in selected types of bits with the diameter of 95 mm used for blast hole drilling in a rock mining. The purpose of the testing was to determine the type of the wear of peripheral and frontal buttons in the actual operating conditions of bits and the impact of selected parameters of the drilling process and of sharpening the buttons on their durability. Tests of button wear were carried out by the blasthole drilling in deposits of the Devonian and Triassic dolomites. For the blast hole drilling with tested bits, drilling rigs HSB 500 and HBM 60, equipped with down-the-hole impact mechanisms VKP 95-2 from the company Permon were used. Tests on the wear of buttons were carried out according to the adopted methodology, taking into account both their abrasive wear and wear through crushing or falling out. During the drilling of holes, every effort was made to use fixed values of parameters of the drilling process, except for the value of drill stem rotation speed, because one of objectives of the research was to determine its impact on the abrasive wear of tested bits buttons. The obtained results of tests proved that the predominant type of wear of button bits for blast hole drilling is an abrasive wear of frontal buttons, and regular sharpening of the buttons allows increasing the operating time of rock bits by up to 35%.
MODIFICATION OF THE SURFACE LAYER OF SINTERED DUPLEX STAINLESS STEELS THROUGH ALLOYING USING THE GTAW METHOD
Authors: LISIECKA Barbara , DUDEK Agata
Published: November 2018

The demand for materials obtained using powder metallurgy (PM) is constantly increasing, especially on SDSSs, which are characterized by a two–phase structure consisting of ferrite and austenite. The main purpose of this study was to examine the effect of surface layer alloying with chromium carbide on the microstructure and tribological properties (e.g., hardness and wear resistance) of SDSSs. The multiphase sinters were prepared from two types of water–atomized steel powders: 316L and 409L. The technique of the APS method was used to deposit Cr3C2–NiAl powder on the SDSS surface. Electric arc (GTAW method) was used for surface alloying. Optical and scanning microscopy, X–ray phase analysis, and examinations of microhardness and coefficient of friction were performed in order to determine the microstructure and basic properties of SDSS after alloying. The surface alloying with Cr3C2 improves tribological properties of SDSSs such as hardness and the coefficient of friction.
DESIGN OF CONDITIONS FOR THE MODIFICATION OF OIL IN THE PROCESS OF DESIGNING ECOLOGICAL LUBRICANTS
Authors: TRZOS Magdalena , DRABIK Jolanta , IŁOWSKA Jolanta , GRABOWSKI Rafał
Published: November 2018

The paper presents results of research concerning the oil bases designs that are dedicated to application in lubricants for the food industry. The method of vegetable oil modification was proposed that use supercritical carbon dioxide as a solvent. This resulted in a milder course of oil oxidation. In order to minimize the number of necessary experiments, the Taguchi approach to experiments planning was used. As part of the research, the properties of vegetable oils, inedible (Crambe Abyssinica oil) one and edible (Brassica Campestris (Rapeseed) oil) after modification, were compared. The optimal, due to the adopted criteria, values of oil modification process parameters were determined for each of the oils. Analyses and comparisons of processes for obtaining an oil base suitable for the planned use in ecological lubricants have been made. Under optimized conditions, the modified oils obtained a needed appropriate viscosity class.
STUDY OF WEAR RESISTANCE OF REINFORCED POLYAMIDE COMPOSITES FOR METAL-POLYMER GEAR DRIVES
Authors: CHERNETS Myron , SHIL'KO Serge , PASHECHKO Mikhail
Published: November 2018

An experimental study of the wear resistance of two dispersion-filled composite materials based on polyamide used in metal-polymer gear drives with a 30% volume content of short glass or carbon fibres was performed according to the technique proposed by the authors. As a result of tribotests in the “pin-disk” scheme, the mass wear of these composites was determined under dry friction conditions for steel 45 at room temperature in the range of contact pressures of 10–40 MPa, as well as the kinetics of the coefficient of sliding friction and the contact temperature of the tribosystem elements. It was established that polyamide strengthened by carbon fibres has almost four times higher wear resistance in comparison with a polyamide filled with glass fibres. The wear resistance characteristics that are the basic parameters of the tribokinetic wear model are calculated, using the durability of the straight spur metal-polymer gear drive on the basis of the original calculation method. It was established that gear drive durability with a pinion or a wheel reinforced with carbon fibres is more than eight times the durability of gear drive with gear wheels from polyamide filled with glass fibres. The gear drive durability with the steel pinion and the composite gear wheel increases in proportion to the gear ratio as compared to the gear drive with the composite pinion and the steel wheel. The change in the maximum contact pressures in the mesh interval was calculated.
EFFECT OF STRAIGHT-LINE MECHANISM DESIGN ON THE LOAD DISTRIBUTION IN A CYCLOIDAL GEAR
Authors: DUDA Henryk , WARDA Bogdan
Published: November 2018

In the cycloidal gear, the torque is transmitted to the planet gears via an eccentric shaft with central bearings mounted on it. A straight-line mechanism is used to output the torque from the planet gears to the output shaft, a mechanism which consists of rotational sleeves mounted on the pins rigidly connected to the output shaft disc. These sleeves roll off in the holes of the planetary wheel. The forces generated in the straight-line mechanism affect the distribution of forces in the cycloid gearing and the amount of force loading the central bearing. The article presents the influence of the number of bolts of the straight-line mechanism on the load distribution in the cycloidal gear. The research carried out with the simulation program has shown that the smaller the number of pins, the greater the fluctuation of the force acting in the central bearing and the greater unevenness of force distributions in the cycloidal gear. This unevenness may cause a decrease in fatigue life of the meshing and central bearings.
THE PROCESS OF FORMATION OF THE ADHESIVE CAVITIES UNDER OSCILLATORY MOTION
Authors: KACZOR Grzegorz
Published: November 2018

During the direct contact of metal-to-metal, complex tribological wear processes occur. One of the most important and the most problematic phenomena leading to irreversible changes in the geometric structure of the surface is adhesion as a result of a local welding of the asperity peaks. It causes local damage to the surface of the cooperating components in the form of the adhesive cavities. The paper presents the results of the wear tests, the purpose of which was to determine the impact of the surface geometry structure on the process of the adhesive wear and the formation of the adhesive cavities under oscillatory motion. The tests were carried out on the T-05 tribotester based on the previously established research plan. The geometrical surface structure was measured in the area of wear and the photographs of the adhesive cavities were made on an optical microscope. The captured images of a worn surface correspond to the images of the cavities presented in the literature. The obtained research results are the basis for the further development of a future research plan in a similar scope.
EFFECT OF THE ANGLE OF IMPACT OF AN ABRASIVE SOIL MASS ON STEEL WEAR INTENSITY
Authors: NAPIÓRKOWSKI Jerzy , LIGIER Krzysztof
Published: November 2018

This article presents a study into the effect of the rake angle of the working surface of a specimen made of Hardox Extreme steel on abrasive wear intensity. The study was conducted using the “rotating bowl” method in two types of an abrasive soil mass at three specimen rake angles of 0˚, 12˚, and 17˚. No significant differences in the wear intensity were observed for a heavy abrasive soil mass, while for a light abrasive soil mass, an increase in the wear intensity was observed with an increase in the rake angle, with the greatest increase in the wear intensity occurring after a change in the rake angle from 0˚ to 12˚. Increasing the rake angle from 12˚ to 17˚ resulted in no significant change in the wear intensity. In the light abrasive soil mass, non-zero specimen rake angles increased the dynamic impact of loose abrasive wheels. The appearance of the surface of specimens subjected to abrasion under these conditions indicated a high proportion of erosive wear accompanying the scratching and ridging wear.
THE INFLUENCE OF REDUCING TEMPERATURE ON CHANGING YOUNG’S MODULUS AND THE COEFFICIENT OF FRICTION OF SELECTED SLIDING POLYMERS
Authors: PTAK Anita , KOWALEWSKI Piotr
Published: November 2018

For the polymeric materials, changing of the temperature causes changes in mechanical and tribological properties of sliding pairs. The goal of the present study was to determine the change in Young's modulus and kinetic friction coefficient depending of the temperature. Three thermoplastic polymers, PA6, PET and PEEK, were tested. These materials cooperated in sliding motion with a C45 construction steel disc. As part of the experiment, the Young's modulus tests (by 3-point bending method) and kinetic friction coefficient studies (using pin-on-disc stand) were carried out. The temperature range of mechanical and tribological tests was determined at T = –50°C±20°C. Comparing the results of mechanical and tribological properties, there is a tendency to decrease the coefficient of friction as the Young's modulus increases while reducing the working temperature.
ANALYSIS OF THE VALUES OF HYDRODYNAMIC PRESSURE AND LOAD CARRYING CAPACITIES FOR VARIOUS METHODS OF SOLVING A REYNOLDS TYPE EQUATION
Authors: MISZCZAK Andrzej , WIERZCHOLSKI Krzysztof
Published: November 2018

Calculations of the hydrodynamic pressure distribution in the slide bearing gap occur most often on the basis of ready-made computer programs based on CFD methods or one’s own calculation procedures based on various numerical methods. The use of one’s own calculation procedures and, for example, the finite difference method, allows one to include in the calculations of various additional non-classical effects on the lubricant (e.g., the influence of the magnetic field on ferrofluid, the influence of pressure or temperature on viscosity changes, non-Newtonian properties of lubricant or various non-classical models of dynamic viscosity changes). The aim of the authors’ research is to check how large the differences in results may be obtained using the two most frequently used methods of solving a Reynolds type equation. In this work, the authors use the small parameter method and the method of subsequent approximations to determine the distribution of hydrodynamic pressure. For numerical calculations, the finite difference method and our own calculation procedures and Mathcad 15 software were used. With both methods, identical conditions and parameters were assumed and the influence of pressure and temperature on viscosity change was taken into account. In the hydrodynamic pressure calculations, a laminar flow of the lubricating liquid and a non-isothermal lubrication model of the slide bearing were adopted. The classic Newtonian model was used as a constitutive equation. A cylindrical-type slide bearing of finite length with a smooth pan with a full wrap angle was accepted for consideration. In the thin layer of the oil film, the density and thermal conduction coefficient of the oil were assumed to remain unchanged.
AN ANALYSYS OF WEAR AND MECHANICAL
AND TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF HIGH-MANGANESE
CAST STEEL HARDENED BY DIFFERENT METHODS
Authors: TRYBA Dagmara , KOT Marcin , ANTOSZ Anna
Published: November 2018

Properties of high manganese austenitic cast steel are not satisfactory; therefore, this material should be
hardened. Currently, the commonly used method of hardening does not allow eliminating problems related to
premature wear of railway frogs. Therefore, many studies have been carried out to find an alternative method
to obtain improved wear resistance of such elements. The article presents an analysis of the mechanical and
tribological properties of base and hardened, by different methods, high-manganese cast steel applied for
turnouts. Tests were performed for three hardening methods: explosive, pressure-rolling, and dynamic impact.
The results were compared with the properties of base material after saturation treatment. The conducted
tests allowed the determination of hardness profiles of hardened surfaces, as well as the wear resistance and
coefficient of friction, and the obtained results are very promising. Hardening by dynamic impact provided
much better results in relation to presently used explosive hardening technology.
Zmiany w środowisku bezpieczeństwa regionu Morza Bałtyckiego kreowane przez działania informacyjne Federacji Rosyjskiej. Ryga, Tallin i Wilno wobec presji informacyjnej Moskwy
Authors: Preus Maciej
Published: November 2018

Along with the intensive dissemination of information and communication technologies, there has been a rapid increase in the availability of information, and even its excess. The specific way of informing on the Internet and social media has started to influence the behavior of its users and on the community and society as the number of Internet users is rapidly growing. With the help of ICT tools, one can create patterns of interpersonal contacts and civic awareness, which can potentially lead to mass surveillance, the use of social engineering for purposes contrary to the objectives of a given society or creating needs and lifestyles. Examples of such activities of the Russian Federation against Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia, although necessarily limited, indicate that the Kremlin's activity is intensifying, well-organized, with the use of both people and automatic communication. Moscow uses traditional and social media directly and indirectly, carefully choosing means of information war - propaganda, disinformation, falsification of reality and discrediting opponents. The message generated by the Kremlin-friendly media creates a new security environment characterized by information chaos, causing the inability to distinguish the truth from falsehood, uncertainty about the intentions of the authorities of their own countries and neighbors, uncertainty about the actual state of affairs. The long-term goal for the Baltic states is to create organizational and administrative chaos in societies and authorities at all levels who, by making decisions on false premises, will destabilize these countries in every aspect.
Hydatidiform Moles: Ancillary Techniques to Refine Diagnosis
Authors: Ronnett Brigitte M.
Published: November 2018

Context.—

Distinction of hydatidiform moles from nonmolar specimens and subclassification of hydatidiform moles as complete hydatidiform mole versus partial hydatidiform mole are important for clinical practice and investigational studies. Risk of persistent gestational trophoblastic disease and clinical management differ for these entities. Diagnosis based on morphology is subject to interobserver variability and remains problematic, even for experienced gynecologic pathologists.

Objectives.—

To explain how ancillary techniques target the unique genetic features of hydatidiform moles to establish diagnostic truth, highlight the issue of diagnostic reproducibility and importance of diagnostic accuracy, and illustrate use of p57 immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction–based DNA genotyping for diagnosis.

Data Sources.—

Sources are the author's 10-year experience using ancillary techniques for the evaluation of potentially molar specimens in a large gynecologic pathology practice and the literature.

Conclusions.—

The unique genetics of complete hydatidiform moles (purely androgenetic), partial hydatidiform moles (diandric triploid), and nonmolar specimens (biparental, with allelic balance) allow for certain techniques, including immunohistochemical analysis of p57 expression (a paternally imprinted, maternally expressed gene) and genotyping, to refine diagnoses of hydatidiform moles. Although p57 immunostaining alone can identify complete hydatidiform moles, which lack p57 expression because of a lack of maternal DNA, this analysis does not distinguish partial hydatidiform moles from nonmolar specimens because both express p57 because of the presence of maternal DNA. Genotyping, which compares villous and decidual DNA patterns to determine the parental source and ratios of polymorphic alleles, distinguishes purely androgenetic complete hydatidiform moles from diandric triploid partial hydatidiform moles, and both of these from biparental nonmolar specimens. An algorithmic approach to diagnosis using these techniques is advocated.
The role of prevolitional processes in video game playing: A test of the model of goal-directed behavior and the extended model of goal-directed behavior
Authors: Kováčová Holevová Bibiána
Published: November 2018

The aim of the current study is to investigate the relationship between prevolitional processes and video game playing. Models of attitude, the model of goal-directed behavior (MGB) and the extended model of goal-directed behavior (EMGB) are tested with structural equation models to analyze the process that leads to video game playing. More specifically, the roles of affective, motivational, habitual processes in video game playing and the goal underlying video game playing are examined. The participants were 210 video game players who completed measures of Attitude, Subjective Norms, Perceived Behavioral Control, Behavioral Desire, Anticipated Emotions, Intention to Play, intensity of actual and past video game playing (Playing Behavior and Past Playing Behavior) and Goal Desire. The results showed that the initial MGB did not achieve a satisfactory fit and thus, a revised model with more acceptable fit was proposed. It was found that anticipated emotions and attitude are significant predictors of desire to play; desire to play, perceived behavioral control, subjective norms and attitude are significant predictors of intention to play and intention is a significant predictor of playing behavior (actual playing time). Moreover, past playing is a stronger significant predictor of behavior itself than of prevolitional processes in video game playing. Goal desire within the EMGB is a significant predictor of desire to play and the relationship of goal to playing behavior is indirect. Nevertheless, goal desire has an important role in the prevolitional processes of video game playing. In the discussion, potential explanations are further explored.
Resumos dos TCCs
Authors:   CEART-UDESC, diversos Autores
Published: November 2018

Resumos dos Trabalhos de Conclusão de Curso do ano 2000, produzidos pelos alunos do CEART-UDESC em suas diversas áreas de conhecimento.
Artes Visuais e o Campo de Estágio Curricular
Authors: Oliveira Marilda Oliveira de , Lampert Jociele
Published: November 2018

Através deste texto tencionamos discutir a formação inicial do professor e o ensino das Artes Visuais. Sendo assim, não poderíamos deixar de apontar as questões do estágio curricular que sempre estiveram marcadas pela polêmica relação entre teoria e prática. Entendemos o estágio como campo de conhecimento e espaço de construção cujo cerne é a pesquisa, ou seja, um locus de perfil epistemológico, anulando, assim, a tradicional idéia de estágio como atividade prática instrumental.
Como nos tornamos professores: uma reflexão sobre a prática de estágio curricular supervisionado
Authors:   Udesc, Mezzalira José Claudio , Souza Antonio Carlos , Schambeck Regina Finck
Published: November 2018

Este artigo apresenta o processo de estágio curricular supervisionado desenvolvido em duas turmas de ensino fundamental da Escola Antônio Paschoal Apóstolo, no município de Florianópolis (SC). Nesta Escola, a disciplina de Educação Musical é ministrada para alunos do 1º ao 5º ano. O estágio supervisionado envolveu dois professores em formação que assumiram efetivamente as turmas de segundo e quarto anos, do período vespertino. Com 30 alunos, em média, em cada uma, os professores assumiram a regência de uma das turmas e na outra exerceram a função de auxiliar do colega. Foram ministrados conteúdos já estabelecidos no planejamento anual do Professor Supervisor, que auxiliou em todas as atividades desenvolvidas durante as 32 semanas de atividades na escola. Ao longo deste texto será descrito como foi o processo de se tornar professor em contexto escolar, atividade nunca antes desenvolvida pelos dois estagiários. Como apoio teórico para o desenvolvimento deste artigo, buscou-se referências em Schön (1992; 2000), França e Swanwick (2002); e Veiga (2000).
Brecht sem Brecht: a experiência com a peça didática no processo de construção a partir de um texto não brechtiano
Authors:   Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Oliveira Marco Antonio de , Drehmer Gabriela Arcari ,   Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina
Published: November 2018

Este artigo apresenta a pesquisa realizada no projeto PIBID – Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência – com a turma de oitava série da Escola Municipal Vitor Miguel de Souza, e tem como foco de estudo a investigação da utilização de elementos das peças didáticas de Bertolt Brecht – modelo de ação, coro e gestus – no processo de montagem teatral de um texto não brechtiano. Através de práticas relevantes realizadas durante as aulas, são analisados os elementos da peça didática que se mostraram importantes no contexto escolar e evidenciadas, através de uma descrição reflexiva, as práticas desenvolvidas em sala de aula.
Geraldo Mazzi e o painel “Homenagem”- A imagem do outro, a aura
Authors:   Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina - UDESC, Makowiecky Sandra
Published: November 2018

A escolha do artista e da obra “Homenagem” tem como objetivo discutir o moderno inserido na produção contemporânea, dentro de um Centro de Artes que forma artistas e licenciados em artes visuais. Selecionou-se o artista catarinense Geraldo Mazzi, que foi professor de serigrafia do Centro de Artes, e o painel exposto no Hall de entrada do Centro de Artes. A obra, assinada por Mazzi em 2002, ano em que este foi homenageado na exposição “Extra!”, no Museu de Arte de Santa Catarina (MASC), suscitou perguntas que surgiram no intuito de formar a problemática para pensar o painel “Homenagem”, que, além de ser uma referência ao lugar, nos faz pensar no conceito de aura e na imagem do outro. Mas qual sua relação com o espaço? O que está ali retratado? Como discutir o seu estatuto como obra e patrimônio, dotado de memória e significações?
Dimas Rosa: duplamente um grande mestre
Authors:   Prefeitura Municipal de Florianópolis, Nunes Sandra Conceição ,   Fundação Cultural de Florianópolis Franklin Cascaes, Oliveira Sandra Regina Ramalho e ,   CEART/UDESC
Published: November 2018

Este ensaio tenta trazer para o presente um pouco do que fez e de quem foi Dimas Rosa, especialmente para o ensino da arte catarinense nas escolas: homem de talentos múltiplos descobriu, em materiais diversos, distintas linguagens para se expressar. Foi membro do Grupo Sul, importante movimento artístico catarinense. Paralela à vida de artista, deixou grande legado para a Educação; Professor e Diretor do Instituto Estadual de Educação, foi um dos mentores do Curso de Educação Artística da UDESC e primeiro Diretor Geral do Centro de Artes da mesma Universidade. Desenhista, pintor, gravador, ceramista, escultor em madeira, metal, poliéster, fibra de vidro, além de teórico: um artista modernista, cuja figura humana sobrepuja a obra.
Histórias da docência no CEART: depoimentos de professores
Authors:   UDESC, Mateiro Teresa
Published: November 2018

Este artigo tem como objetivo introduzir os cinco artigos seguintes que apresentam a trajetória docente e as experiências vividas no Centro de Artes por professores dos diversos departamentos. Portanto, esta coletânea de seis textos, é uma forma de devolver histórias por meio de palavras que fazem parte dos 30 anos do Centro de Artes. O trabalho está fundamentado na História Oral como um canal de comunicação entre a subjetividade individual e coletiva de um grupo social. O projeto que se apresenta pode ser um ponto de partida para se recuperar depoimentos orais de docentes, discentes e técnicos que atuam ou atuaram no CEART.
Maria Bernadete Castelán Póvoas:uma história de docência e arte no CEART
Authors:   UDESC, Oliveira Rafael Dias
Published: November 2018

Este artigo traz a narrativa de Maria Bernardete, professora do CEART desde sua fundação e que participou ativamente do processo de implantação do centro, exercendo vários cargos administrativos. Atua no ensino, pesquisa e extensão. A partir de sua narrativa, é possível conhecer um pouco da história do CEART, da data de sua fundação até os dias atuais. Utilizando a pesquisa narrativa enquanto método, esse trabalho considera a narrativa em questão como história oral, que consiste na reunião de reflexões pessoais sobre eventos.
Valmor Beltrame, o Nini: a narrativa de um professor artista
Authors:   PPGMUS - UDESC, Rego Jeasir Silva
Published: November 2018

Este texto procura trazer reflexões sobre alguns aspectos da entrevista que realizei com o Prof. Dr. Valmor Beltrame, do Departamento de Artes Cênicas, sobre sua história, experiências e concepções acerca de temas relativos ao Centro de Artes da Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), fazendo uso das técnicas de coleta de dados História Oral. São abordagens que procuram embasar teoricamente não só a metodologia utilizada, mas as narrativas do professor e artista que dizem respeito à sua formação e à construção do Departamento de Artes Cênicas, do seu corpo docente, questões que se referem aos conflitos entre dois mundos diferentes, porém intercambiáveis, o de professor e artista, o início de sua inserção ao universo acadêmico e a construção de sua história neste contexto. Procuro contextualizar historicamente os eventos que foram relevantes na década de 1980 na localidade onde atuou com o fim de obter sua perspectiva acerca da história do Ceart.
Mara Rubia: "uma profissional comprometida com a educação".
Authors:   CEART/UDESC, Egg Marisleusa de Souza
Published: November 2018

Este texto apresenta a história do CEART recontada pela professora Mara, vivenciada por ela nos 17 anos de trajetória no Departamento de Moda. O relato da professora permite ao pesquisador (e ao leitor) refletir acerca dos significados social, histórico, artístico e acadêmico representados por sua carreira docente. O texto discute a história oral como metodologia e a técnica de entrevista como forma de adquirir os dados que foram inseridos no texto, dando voz à entrevistada como o fio condutor. Como resultado, percebe-se a construção histórica do Departamento de Moda e a importância da preservação de sua existência e memória.
Il·lustració, progrés i modernitat. Història dels conceptes, per H. U. Gumbrecht, R. Koselleck i H. Stuke
Authors: Vizcaíno Rebertos Héctor
Published: November 2018

Ressenya /Reseña / Review
H. U. Gumbrecht, R. Koselleck, H. Stuke, Il·lustració, progrés i modernitat. Història dels conceptes, València, Institució Alfons el Magnànim, 2018.
¿Intuición o confianza racional?
Authors: García Arnaldos María D.
Published: November 2018

Intuition or rational trust?
 
 
Resumen: Según la concepción tradicional, la justificación de las creencias lógicas básicas —entendida tanto inferencial como no-inferencialmente— no logra evitar ni la circularidad, ni la regresión al infinito. Justificar reglas básicas lógicas inferencialmente conlleva usar principios lógicos con lo que se genera un círculo vicioso. Apelar a fuentes básicas como la intuición, no sortea todas las dificultades. Argumentaré que es preciso recurrir a una “habilitación” (entitlement), una sub-clase dentro de las garantías epistémicas. Si además aceptamos que intuir es algo que hacemos y no algo que nos pasa, podemos sostener que la intuición, de hecho, se apoya en una confianza racional.
 
Palabras clave: justificación, conocimiento lógico, garantía racional, intuición, habilitación.

Abstract: According to the traditional conception, the justification of basic logical beliefs —understood both inferentially and non-inferentially— cannot avoid either circularity or regression to infinity. To justify logical basic rules inferentially involves using logical principles, so a vicious circle is generated. Appealing to basic sources such as intuition, does not avoid such problems. I will argue that it is necessary to resort to an entitlement, a sub-class within the epistemic warrants. If we also accept that intuiting is something that we do and not something that happens to us, we can sustain that intuition, indeed, is based on a rational trust.
 
Keywords: justification, logical knowledge, rational warrant, intuition, entitlement.
Vicent Martínez Guzmán In Memoriam
Authors: Comins Mingol Irene , Cabedo Manuel Salvador
Published: November 2018

Obituari / Obituario / Obituary
 
Vicent Martínez Guzmán In Memoriam
Analyses of long non-coding RNA and mRNA profiling in the spleen of diarrheic piglets caused by Clostridium perfringens type C
Authors: Yan Zunqiang , Huang Xiaoyu , Sun Wenyang , Yang Qiaoli , Shi Hairen , Jiang Tiantuan , Li Shenggui , Wang Pengfei , Gun Shuangbao
Published: November 2018

Background

Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens) type C is the most common bacteria causing piglet diarrheal disease and it greatly affects the economy of the global pig industry. The spleen is an important immune organ in mammals; it plays an irreplaceable role in resisting and eradicating pathogenic microorganisms. Based on different immune capacity in piglets, individuals display the resistance and susceptibility to diarrhea caused by C. perfringens type C. Recently, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and mRNA have been found to be involved in host immune and inflammatory responses to pathogenic infections. However, little is known about spleen transcriptome information in piglet diarrhea caused by C. perfringens type C.

Methods

Hence, we infected 7-day-old piglets with C. perfringens type C to lead to diarrhea. Then, we investigated lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles in spleens of piglets, including control (SC), susceptible (SS), and resistant (SR) groups.

Results

As a result, 2,056 novel lncRNAs and 2,417 differentially expressed genes were found. These lncRNAs shared the same characteristics of fewer exons and shorter length. Bioinformatics analysis identified that two lncRNAs (ALDBSSCT0000006918 and ALDBSSCT0000007366) may be involved in five immune/inflammation-related pathways (such as Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, and Jak-STAT signaling pathway), which were associated with resistance and susceptibility to C. perfringens type C infection. This study contributes to the understanding of potential mechanisms involved in the immune response of piglets infected with C. perfringens type C.
СТРУКТУРА И ПЕРЕГРУППИРОВКИ 7-(ГЕПТАФЕНИЛЦИКЛОГЕПТАТРИЕНИЛ)ИЗОХАЛЬКОГЕНЦИАНАТОВ, "Журнал органической химии"
Authors: Душенко Г.А. , Михайлов И.Е. , Михайлова О.И. , Миняев Р.М. , Минкин В.И.
Published: November 2018

Согласно расчетам DFT B3LYP/6-31G(d,p), внутримолекулярные миграции групп NCX (X = O, S, Se, Te) в 7-(гептафенилциклогептатриенил)изохалькогенцианатах в газовой фазе происходят по механизму диссоциации-рекомбинации. Найдены структуры переходных состояний, предшествующих образованию тесных ионных пар. Высокие активационные барьеры смещений изохалькогенцианатогрупп ( 26.7, 21.3, 20.5, 19.3 ккал/моль) обусловлены устойчивой конформацией молекул с группами NCX в экваториальном положении и согласуются с данными динамического ЯМР. Для перехода молекул в форму, благоприятную для миграций групп NCX, требуются инверсия семичленного кольца и вращение фенильной группы.
СИНТЕЗ ПОТЕНЦИАЛЬНО БИОАКТИВНЫХ БРОМИДОВ 6-БРОМБЕНЗО[ДИЗОИНДОЛИНИЯ НА ОСНОВЕ КАТАЛИЗИРУЕМОГО ОСНОВАНИЕМ ВНУТРИМОЛЕКУЛЯРНОГО [4+2] -ЦИКЛОПРИСОЕДИНЕНИЯ, "Журнал органической химии"
Authors: Чухаджян Э.О. , Геворкян А.Р. , Айрапетян Л.В. , Чухаджян Эл.О. , Шахатуни К.Г. , Мкртчян А. С. , Паносян Г. А.
Published: November 2018

Внутримолекулярная циклизация бромидов диэтил-, дипропил- и пентаметиленпропаргил[3-(4- бромфенил)проп-2-инил]аммония в бромиды 6-бромбензоЦ]изоиндолиния в условиях основного катализа протекает с умеренным саморазогревом, а морфолиниевый аналог даже в более разбавленных растворах циклизуется с бурным саморазогревом. Циклизация диметильного аналога протекает лишь при 80-85°С в течение 1 ч.
ОДНОРЕАКТОРНЫЙ ОКИСЛИТЕЛЬНЫЙ СИНТЕЗ ЗАМЕЩЕННЫХ ХИНОЛИНОВ ИЗ СПИРТОВ И АРИЛАМИНОВ ПОД ДЕЙСТВИЕМ ГЕТЕРОГЕННОГО КАТАЛИЗАТОРА Fe(CrO) В ВОДНОЙ СРЕДЕ, "Журнал органической химии"
Authors: Махмутов А. Р.
Published: November 2018

Разработан однореакторный тандемный синтез замещенных хинолинов (с выходами до 97%), включающий избирательное каталитическое окисление первичных спиртов до альдегидов и их конденсацию с ариламинами под действием суспензии Fe(CrO) и водного раствора HO при комнатной температуре. Для ускорения стадии каталитического окисления спиртов применен метод фотоактивации. Предложен вероятный механизм фотоактивированного тандемного синтеза 2-метилхинолина. Катализатор Fe(CrO) получен методом фотохимического синтеза.
О МЕРКУРИРОВАНИИ ТЕРМИНАЛЬНОЙ ТРОЙНОЙ СВЯЗИ ЗАМЕЩЕННЫХ АЗОЛОВ, "Журнал органической химии"
Authors: Обосян Н. Г. , Балян К. В. , Петросян А. Л. , Саргсян А.Б. , Чобанян Ж. А. , Нерсисян Р. С.
Published: November 2018

Методом меркурирования терминальной тройной связи производных пиразолов и триазолов в присутствии ацетилацетона и дальнейшего демеркурирования интермедиатов NaBH получены гетероциклические оксоенольные производные.
О ДИАГНОСТИКЕ ОПТИЧЕСКИХ НЕОДНОРОДНОСТЕЙ ВОДЫ ЛИДАРОМ НА ВОЛНАХ ФОТОННОЙ ПЛОТНОСТИ, "Фундаментальная и прикладная гидрофизика"
Authors: Лучинин А.Г. , Долин Л.С. , Кириллин М.Ю.
Published: November 2018

Предложен метод зондирования макронеоднородностей показателя рассеяния воды с помощью лидара, зондирующий пучок которого модулируется по мощности высокочастотным узкополосным сигналом, а в приемной системе детектируется переменная составляющая сигнала обратного рассеяния на частоте модуляции. Исследована возможность диагностики слоистых рассеивающих структур в воде с помощью такого лидара. Предложена аналитическая модель сигнала обратного рассеяния лидара и сформулированы ограничения ее применимости. Показано, что разрешающая способность лидара по отношению к пространственным неоднородностям показателя рассеяния воды может быть оценена по частотной характеристике сигнала обратного рассеяния. Приведены примеры расчета разрешающей способности и оценен диапазон пространственных масштабов неоднородностей, которые могут быть разрешены лидаром с модулированным зондирующим пучком. Расчет проведен на основе данных о частотных характеристиках сигнала обратного рассеяния, полученных ранее с помощью численного моделирования методом Монте-Карло. Как показывают полученные оценки, предложенный метод открывает возможности диагностики структур неоднородностей с масштабами, ранее недоступными для измерений.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ЭВОЛЮЦИИ ПАССИВНОЙ ПРИМЕСИ В ПОВЕРХНОСТНОМ СЛОЕ АЗОВСКОГО МОРЯ НА ОСНОВЕ УСВОЕНИЯ ДАННЫХ СКАНЕРА MODIS-Aqua В ГИДРОДИНАМИЧЕСКУЮ МОДЕЛЬ, "Фундаментальная и прикладная гидрофизика"
Authors: Шульга Т.Я. , Суслин В.В.
Published: November 2018

Выполнено гидродинамическое моделирование акватории Азовского моря на основе Princeton Ocean Model при задании атмосферного воздействия по модели SKIRON для периода 2013-2014 гг. На основе совместного анализа результатов численного моделирования и космического мониторинга по данным спутника Aqua (MODIS) исследованы особенности пространственно-временной динамики оптически активной взвеси в Азовском море. Взвешенные вещества различного происхождения проявляется в суммарном индексе поглощения света, или обратного рассеяния света морской водой. Новые алгоритмы применены для определения согласованности данных, полученных методами дистанционного зондирования морской поверхности из космоса, модельных решений и их сочетанием. Комплекс программ реализует алгоритм усвоения данных наблюдений и позволяет выполнять моделирование процесса распространения взвешенных и растворенных веществ основанный на интегрировании уравнения переноса и диффузии. Обсуждаются методы совместного использования информации, дана оценка качества модельного прогноза в зависимости от интервалов усвоения спутниковой информации. Показано, что последовательная схема усвоения данных наблюдений улучшает прогноз распространения взвешенных веществ по модели даже при неинформативных спутниковых изображениях. Численные эксперименты по оценке многоспектральных изображений показали эффективность предложенных в работе алгоритмов.
Determinantes da qualidade na radiologia oncológica
Authors: Dorow Patrícia Fernanda
Published: November 2018

Introdução: as organizações oncológicas especializadas e os grupos colaborativos multidisciplinares dedicaram esforços consideráveis ao desenvolvimento de IQ baseados em evidências para facilitar a melhoria da qualidade, a acreditação, o benchmarking, a manutenção da certificação e a elaboração de relatórios regulatórios. Em particular, a radiologia oncológica tem uma longa história de esforços organizados na avaliação da qualidade continua. Objetivo: a presente revisão de literatura objetiva fornecer uma revisão abrangente do estado atual da avaliação da qualidade em oncologia, com ênfase nos recentes esforços de melhoria da qualidade. Metodologia: artigos científicos que que incluíam análise e/ou discussão da avaliação da qualidade dos cuidados no campo da radiologia oncológica foram pesquisados na base de dados PubMed, entre os anos de 1966 a 2016, por meio dos descritores específicos. Resultados: destaca-se as implicações do movimento da qualidade em saúde para a oncologia por meio do uso da radiação e analise dos esforços existentes para definir e medir a qualidade nessa área. Conclusão: apesar de possuir uma longa história de liderança na avaliação da qualidade de cuidados, a radiologia oncológica ainda não definiu IQ de consenso e métricas apropriadas derivadas de desses indicadores.
Lowering systolic blood pressure does not increase stroke risk: an analysis of the SPRINT and ACCORD trial data
Authors: O'Conor Ellen C. , Wang Jiajing , Gibney Kyla D. , Yu Xinhua , Young Garrett R. , Jones Tamekia , Alexandrov Anne W. , Johnson Karen C. , Cushman William C. , Tsao Jack W.
Published: November 2018

Objective

Traditional neurology teaching states that when mean arterial pressure dips below a 60 mm Hg threshold, there is an increase in stroke risk due to cerebral hypoperfusion. The aim of this study was to determine whether intensive lowering of systolic blood pressure increases adverse cardiovascular outcomes by examining the association between achieved blood pressure values, specifically mean arterial pressure and pulse pressure, and risk of stroke.

Methods

Data from participants in the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) and the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) Blood Pressure (BP) trial were examined, using survival analysis to model minimal arterial pressure and average pulse pressure during the study period against risk of stroke, hypotension, and syncope, with death as a competing risk.

Results

In both SPRINT and ACCORD participants, there was no increase in stroke risk with achieved mean arterial pressure values below 60 mm Hg. In SPRINT participants, achieved mean arterial pressure values greater than 90 mm Hg were associated with a 247% (HR: 3.47, 95% CI: 2.06–5.85) higher risk of stroke compared with participants in the 80–89 mmHg reference group. No association was found between low achieved pulse pressure values and greater stroke risk in either the SPRINT or ACCORD participants, as well as no association between mean arterial pressure and pulse pressure values and risk of syncope.

Interpretation

Intensive lowering of systolic blood pressure does not increase risk of stroke in hypertensive patients, despite extremely low mean arterial pressure or pulse pressure values.
Supramolecular Photothermal Nanomaterials as an Emerging Paradigm toward Precision Cancer Therapy
Authors: Zhao Luyang , Liu Yamei , Chang Rui , Xing Ruirui , Yan Xuehai
Published: November 2018

The concept of the “supramolecular photothermal effects” refers to the collection property and photothermal conversion efficiency resulting from the supramolecular assembly of molecular photothermal sensitizers. This review considers organic supramolecular photothermal materials assembled at the nanoscale via various molecular self‐assembly strategies and associated with the organization of multiple noncovalent interactions. In these materials, the individual photosensitizer molecules are typically aggregated through self‐assembly in a certain form that exhibits enhanced biostability, increased photothermal conversion efficiency with photoluminescence quenching, and improved photothermal therapeutic effects in comparison with those of the monomeric photosensitizer molecules. These supramolecular photothermal effects are controlled or influenced by intermolecular noncovalent interactions, especially the hydrophobic effects, which are distinct from the mechanisms of conventional sensitizer molecules and polymers and inorganic photothermal agents. A focus lies on how self‐assembly strategies give rise to supramolecular photothermal effects, including polymer and protein fabrication, small molecule self‐assembly, and the construction of donor–acceptor binary systems. Emphases are placed on the rational design of supramolecular photothermal nanomaterials, drug delivery, and in vivo photothermal therapeutic effects. Finally, the key challenges and promising prospects of these supramolecular photothermal nanomaterials in terms of both technical advances and clinical translation are discussed.
New Class of Electrocatalysts Based on 2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenides in Ionic Liquid
Authors: Majidi Leily , Yasaei Poya , Warburton Robert E. , Fuladi Shadi , Cavin John , Hu Xuan , Hemmat Zahra , Cho Sung Beom , Abbasi Pedram , Vörös Márton , Cheng Lei , Sayahpour Baharak , Bolotin Igor L. , Zapol Peter , Greeley Jeffrey , Klie Robert F. , Mishra Rohan , Khalili‐Araghi Fatemeh , Curtiss Larry A. , Salehi‐Khojin Amin
Published: November 2018

The optimization of traditional electrocatalysts has reached a point where progress is impeded by fundamental physical factors including inherent scaling relations among thermokinetic characteristics of different elementary reaction steps, non‐Nernstian behavior, and electronic structure of the catalyst. This indicates that the currently utilized classes of electrocatalysts may not be adequate for future needs. This study reports on synthesis and characterization of a new class of materials based on 2D transition metal dichalcogenides including sulfides, selenides, and tellurides of group V and VI transition metals that exhibit excellent catalytic performance for both oxygen reduction and evolution reactions in an aprotic medium with Li salts. The reaction rates are much higher for these materials than previously reported catalysts for these reactions. The reasons for the high activity are found to be the metal edges with adiabatic electron transfer capability and a cocatalyst effect involving an ionic‐liquid electrolyte. These new materials are expected to have high activity for other core electrocatalytic reactions and open the way for advances in energy storage and catalysis.
Flexible Photodetector Arrays Based on Patterned CH3NH3PbI3−xClx Perovskite Film for Real‐Time Photosensing and Imaging
Authors: Wu Wenqiang , Wang Xiandi , Han Xun , Yang Zheng , Gao Guoyun , Zhang Yufei , Hu Jufang , Tan Yongwen , Pan Anlian , Pan Caofeng
Published: November 2018

The quest for novel deformable image sensors with outstanding optoelectronic properties and large‐scale integration becomes a great impetus to exploit more advanced flexible photodetector (PD) arrays. Here, 10 × 10 flexible PD arrays with a resolution of 63.5 dpi are demonstrated based on as‐prepared perovskite arrays for photosensing and imaging. Large‐scale growth controllable CH3NH3PbI3−xClx arrays are synthesized on a poly(ethylene terephthalate) substrate by using a two‐step sequential deposition method with the developed Al2O3‐assisted hydrophilic–hydrophobic surface treatment process. The flexible PD arrays with high detectivity (9.4 × 1011 Jones), large on/off current ratio (up to 1.2 × 103), and broad spectral response exhibit excellent electrical stability under large bending angle (θ = 150°) and superior folding endurance after hundreds of bending cycles. In addition, the device can execute the functions of capturing a real‐time light trajectory and detecting a multipoint light distribution, indicating that it has widespread potential in photosensing and imaging for optical communication, digital display, and artificial electronic skin applications.
Local Electronic Structure of Molecular Heterojunctions in a Single‐Layer 2D Covalent Organic Framework
Authors: Joshi Trinity , Chen Chen , Li Huifang , Diercks Christian S. , Wang Gaoqiang , Waller Peter J. , Li Hong , Bredas Jean‐Luc , Yaghi Omar M. , Crommie Michael F.
Published: November 2018

The synthesis of a single‐layer covalent organic framework (COF) with spatially modulated internal potentials provides new opportunities for manipulating the electronic structure of molecularly defined materials. Here, the fabrication and electronic characterization of COF‐420: a single‐layer porphyrin‐based square‐lattice COF containing a periodic array of oriented, type II electronic heterojunctions is reported. In contrast to previous donor–acceptor COFs, COF‐420 is constructed from building blocks that yield identical cores upon reticulation, but that are bridged by electrically asymmetric linkers supporting oriented electronic dipoles. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy reveals staggered gap (type II) band alignment between adjacent molecular cores in COF‐420, in agreement with first‐principles calculations. Hirshfeld charge analysis indicates that dipole fields from oriented imine linkages within COF‐420 are the main cause of the staggered electronic structure in this square grid of atomically–precise heterojunctions.
A MoS2/PTCDA Hybrid Heterojunction Synapse with Efficient Photoelectric Dual Modulation and Versatility
Authors: Wang Shuiyuan , Chen Chunsheng , Yu Zhihao , He Yongli , Chen Xiaoyao , Wan Qing , Shi Yi , Zhang David Wei , Zhou Hao , Wang Xinran , Zhou Peng
Published: November 2018

Just as biological synapses provide basic functions for the nervous system, artificial synaptic devices serve as the fundamental building blocks of neuromorphic networks; thus, developing novel artificial synapses is essential for neuromorphic computing. By exploiting the band alignment between 2D inorganic and organic semiconductors, the first multi‐functional synaptic transistor based on a molybdenum disulfide (MoS2)/perylene‐3,4,9,10‐tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) hybrid heterojunction, with remarkable short‐term plasticity (STP) and long‐term plasticity (LTP), is reported. Owing to the elaborate design of the energy band structure, both robust electrical and optical modulation are achieved through carriers transfer at the interface of the heterostructure, which is still a challenging task to this day. In electrical modulation, synaptic inhibition and excitation can be achieved simultaneously in the same device by gate voltage tuning. Notably, a minimum inhibition of 3% and maximum facilitation of 500% can be obtained by increasing the electrical number, and the response to different frequency signals indicates a dynamic filtering characteristic. It exhibits flexible tunability of both STP and LTP and synaptic weight changes of up to 60, far superior to previous work in optical modulation. The fully 2D MoS2/PTCDA hybrid heterojunction artificial synapse opens up a whole new path for the urgent need for neuromorphic computation devices.