bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Back to the Anatomy Lab to Redefine the Pulley System of the Thumb: Is There an A0 Pulley?
Authors: Sullivan John M. , Edwards Shelley , Waetjen Eric , Dogar Shireen , Walker Marc E.
Published: December 2024

Background:

There are various anatomical descriptions of the pulley system of the fingers and thumb. The A0 pulley, often referred to as palmar aponeurosis of the fingers, is of keen interest, especially regarding surgical release of the A1 pulley for trigger finger; however, there has been no anatomical description of the A0 pulley in the thumb.

Methods:

Twenty-four cadaveric thumbs were dissected to expose the entire pulley system. Each structure, including the A2, Aob, Av, A1 pulleys, and any proximal transverse elements, were cataloged.

Results:

Three distinct transverse elements were identified proximal to the A1 pulley including: (1) the named ligament of Grapow; (2) the proximal commissural ligament and associated transverse fascial tissues; and (3) a definable A0, identified in 10/12 (83.3%) cadavers and 15/24 (62.5%) thumbs. Ten A0 pulleys occurred bilaterally, while 5 occurred unilaterally.

Conclusions:

The presence of an A0 pulley in greater than 80% of the studied thumbs serves as an important anatomic finding that should be considered in surgical treatment. An additional finding of importance is that the pulley system anatomy demonstrated variability in laterality. Based on these anatomic findings, not only can the A0 pulley be defined as a unique anatomic structure of the thumb, but its repair also has implications for successful surgical treatment of thumb pulley system pathologies.
The Psychological Impact of Adult Traumatic Brachial Plexus Injury
Authors: Emani Sivaram , Garg Rohit , Elhassan Bassem , Winograd Jonathan , Zhang Dafang
Published: December 2024

Background:

Adult traumatic brachial plexus injuries (BPIs) present a significant medical challenge, potentially leading to life-altering consequences for patients’ upper extremity pain and function. However, the psychological impact on patients has not been extensively studied.

Methods:

Adult patients with traumatic BPIs treated at 2 tertiary referral centers in the United States from 2015 to 2019 were retrospectively identified. This cohort of 84 patients was targeted for prospective interviews, and 44 patients (52%) responded. Validated measures including the posttrumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Checklist for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: Fifth Edition (PCL-5), Decision Regret Scale, Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Pain Intensity, PROMIS Pain Interference, PROMIS Upper Extremity, and Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (QuickDASH) were obtained through telephone-based interviews. Additional data were collected through electronic medical record review.

Results:

On average, patients experience low post-traumatic stress (median score 6, interquartile range [IQR] 3-20) and decision regret (median score 5, IQR 0-22.5). However, a notable fraction (18%) of patients met the clinical threshold for PTSD. Significant correlations were observed between PCL-5 scores and worse PROMIS Pain Intensity, PROMIS Pain Interference, PROMIS Upper Extremity, and QuickDASH. Decision regret scores correlated with worse PROMIS Upper Extremity and QuickDASH.

Conclusions:

While the overall incidence of PTSD and treatment decision regret after adult traumatic BPI is low, clinical PTSD was found in a significant percentage of patients associated with pain and functional impairment. This study highlights the importance of understanding and addressing the psychological burden of traumatic BPI.
Can simultaneous coronary and peripheral angiography alter the treatment planning in Fontaine stage IV peripheral arterial disease?
Authors: Vaezzadeh Kosar , Tayebi Pouya , Jalali Seyed Farzad , Hedayati Goudarzi Mohammad Taghi , Jafaripour Iraj , Ziaie Naghmeh , Bijani Ali
Published: December 2024

Objectives

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and coronary artery disease (CAD) are major contributors to global morbidity and mortality. Many PAD patients remain asymptomatic for CAD, which often leads to undetected coronary artery involvement. This hidden coronary disease poses significant risks, particularly following peripheral revascularization, as increased cardiac demand can precipitate complications.

Methods

This cross-sectional descriptive study assessed the prevalence of coronary artery stenosis in patients with Fontaine Stage IV peripheral arterial disease. Simultaneous angiography of both the coronary and lower extremity arteries was performed, and the severity of arterial stenosis was rigorously evaluated. The correlation between the extent of peripheral and coronary artery disease was analyzed.

Results

A total of 60 patients (63.3% male, 36.7% female; mean age 65.23 ± 9.86 years) were included. Comorbidities were common, with 90% having diabetes, 50% hypertension, 23.3% hyperlipidemia, and 30% smoking history. Severe peripheral artery stenosis was frequently observed, particularly in the posterior tibial artery (total occlusion in 26.6% and 20% of the right and left arteries, respectively). Significant coronary involvement was also prevalent, with 51.7% exhibiting three-vessel disease. Coronary revascularization was required in the majority of cases (CABG: 40%, PCI: 35%), with a higher proportion among women (77.2%) and men (73.7%).

Conclusion

This study highlights the necessity of comprehensive coronary evaluation in patients with advanced lower limb ischemia. A substantial proportion of these patients have silent but critical coronary disease, which, if left unaddressed, could result in serious post-revascularization complications.
Two case reports of triple ectopic: Literature review of incidence, risk factors and management of recurrent ectopic pregnancy
Authors: Bolaji Ibrahim , Yandra Aparna , Awoniyi Mary Oluwakemisola , Igbenehi Caleb Nkem
Published: December 2024

Ectopic pregnancy is a gynaecological emergency. While its identification and management are monumental, it also impacts the patient’s future fertility. Ectopic pregnancy is one of the leading causes for maternal deaths in the first trimester. The rate of ectopic pregnancy in the United Kingdom is reported to be 11 per 1000 pregnancies, with a maternal mortality of 0.2 per 1000 estimated ectopic pregnancies and two-thirds of these deaths are associated with substandard care. Literature is replete with risk factors leading to ectopic pregnancy, such as tubal disease, previous pelvic surgery, tubal surgery, assisted reproduction, smoking and so on. The paper employs case scenarios of recurrent ectopic pregnancies in two patients with triple recurrent ecotpic pregnacies. It discusses the risk factors and preventive measures to avoid multiple recurrences.
Public Art and the Mural: Interpreting Public Memory Through Prominence, Place, and Color
Authors: Marusek Sarah , Wagner Anne
Published: December 2024

Culture is the phenomenological materiality of lived experience. How a particular group of people inhabits public space is one way to see culture in action. The artistic ability to translate culture through painted narratives of the past and present is a tool for seeing culture in action. Through the visible accessibility of public memory painted in dynamic spaces of public infrastructure, the mural enlivens the relationship between culture and cultural heritage, making visible the painted narrative and spatially significant public forum to which the public audience is invited. This article explores the mural as one example of how public art, through the tri-dimensionality of paint, messaging, and color, culturally signifies the esthetics of public infrastructure as a way to visualize public memory. The intersectional weaving of public memory, public art, and longevity positions a legal remembering of cultural events framed through the mural-ization of law and street art. This framing of event and memory creates liminal spaces of legal tension on the street that serve as sites for cultural engagement. This framing of public memory through the four examples described in the paper shed light on how culture and law invites reception and craft intent using public infrastructure through message, meaning, color, and placement.
Design and synthesis of novel curcumin derivatives as potent PDE4 inhibitors for the treatment of depression
Authors: Zhou Haodong , Zhu Yulan , Huang Xianfeng
Published: December 2024

PDE4 is a potential target for treating mental diseases including depression, Alzheimer’s disease and schizophrenia involving in the hydrolysis of cAMP. Curcumin is well-known for its potential as a neuroprotective compound against depression. It was able to inhibit PDE4 with IC50 value in the range of 10 to 20 μM with low selectivity. However, curcumin itself cannot be used clinically because of its poor drug-like properties. Herein, a series of new curcumin derivatives were designed and synthesized. Their PDE4 inhibitory activities and antidepressant effects in vivo were also evaluated. Consequently, most of these curcumin derivatives demonstrated good inhibitory activities against PDE4. Furthermore, compound 4e exhibited the most potent activity at nanomolar level (IC50 value: 23 nM). It also could improve depression-like behaviors induced by chronic stress including sugar forced swimming and water consumption tests in vivo.
Interstitial lung disease with antibody–drug conjugates: a real-world pharmacovigilance study based on the FAERS database during the period 2014–2023
Authors: Shi Jing , Liu Xinya , Wu Li , Jiang Yun , Zhang Yuanming , Wang Yanfeng
Published: December 2024

Background:

Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) combine the targeted nature of monoclonal antibodies with the potent efficacy of small-molecule cytotoxic drugs. However, they also carry unique safety risks, including lung toxicity.

Objective:

To conduct a systematic review and analysis of ADC-related interstitial lung disease (ILD) incidence, characteristics, and risk factors to optimize safe and effective clinical use.

Design:

ADC-related ILD reports from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database between January 2014 and March 2023 were analyzed.

Methods:

ADC-related ILD reports were retrieved from the FAERS database. Statistical analyses were conducted using reporting odds ratio (ROR) and information components (ICs). The lower limit of the 95% confidence interval (CI) was set for ROR (ROR025) >1 or IC (IC025) >0, and statistical significance was determined based on a minimum of three reports.

Results:

The study analyzed the statistical data on ADC-induced ILDs (1277 cases). Trastuzumab deruxtecan was reported to be the most frequent (38.4%). Among the 33 preferred terms (PTs) in standardized MedDRA queries (SMQ) = “Interstitial lung disease,” the three most common were as follows: ILD (40.6%), pneumonitis (27.9%), and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (7.6%). Trastuzumab deruxtecan showed the strongest association with ILD (PT) and pneumonitis, whereas ARDS was associated with four different drugs. The median time to onset of ADC-related ILDs was 51 days (interquartile range (IQR), 16–196), with ARDS having the earliest median time to onset at 15 days (IQR, 6–52). The onsets of pneumonitis, ILD, lung infiltration, and pulmonary toxicity were similar. More than 26% of ADC-related ILD cases result in death, with ARDS having the highest mortality rate of 65.0%.

Conclusion:

ADCs are associated with an increased risk of pulmonary adverse events, such as ILDs, with significant differences between drugs and varying mortality rates for different adverse events, necessitating distinct monitoring and appropriate management.
Gifted Education Coordinators’ Perceptions and Experiences With Equity Focused Practices
Authors: Lamb Kristen N. , Lakin Joni M. , Jolly Jennifer L.
Published: December 2024

The field of gifted education in the United States faces an existential crisis due to well-founded charges that many school programs fail to identify students who reflect the diversity of the overall student population. In this study, we used a mixed methods light approach to explore gifted education coordinators’ perceptions of equity and underrepresentation in their school districts as well as their experiences with practices used for gifted identification and programming. Overall, findings aligned with prior research: Gifted education coordinators reported Black and Latinx students as the most underrepresented groups in their school districts. Universal screening, referrals, and teacher rating scales were the most commonly used practices reported. However, gifted education coordinators also perceived referrals and teacher rating scales as contributors to underrepresentation. Qualitative data provided insight into participants’ closed-ended responses and revealed salient themes. Important implications for research and practice are also discussed.
Bioimpedance analysis (extracellular mass to body cell mass ratio) as complementary assessment for malnutrition in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Papalini Sandra , Londrino Francesco , De Rocchis Daniela , Criscione Alessia , Soldo Manuela , Espinosa Emma
Published: December 2024

Background:

Protein energy wasting (PEW) is a frequent condition in haemodialysis patients but often goes missed. The diagnosis of PEW is complex even though composite nutritional indices seem to show strong correlations with mortality and cardiovascular events. Bioimpedance analysis in dialysis centres is used to study patient's degree of water load but not to assess nutritional status. Recently, the extracellular mass/body cell mass ratio (ECM/BCM) ≥ 1.2 has also been considered as a parameter of malnutrition in the haemodialysis patients.

Objective:

To assess the nutritional reliability of ECM/BCM ≥ 1.2 in patients referred to the Dialysis Centre of the “S. Spirito Hospital” Rome.

Methods:

16 Patients were enrolled and than evaluated anthropometrically, for nutritional and inflammatory parameters, subjected to the Malnutrition Inflammation Score (MIS) and monitored with impedance measurements before, after and 30 min after the haemodialysis session.

Results:

ECM/BCM ≥ 1.2 demonstrates a statistically significant direct correlation ( p < 0.001) with MIS. Albumin and pre-albumin were inversely correlated with ECM/BCM ≥ 1.2, cholesterolaemia was directly correlated.

Conclusions:

ECM/BCM ≥ 1.2 appears to be a simple and reliable indicator for the diagnosis of malnutrition in the chronic haemodialysis patient. Given the small sample size, further studies are needed to support this thesis.
Uncommon presentation of Haemophilus parainfluenzae bacteremia: A case study on aortic valve endocarditis
Authors: Dhapa Nasrin , Rodriguez Hannah , Visinoni Zachary , Misra Neeladri , Lingam Diwakar
Published: December 2024

Haemophilus parainfluenzae, a HACEK organism, is one of five species known to less commonly cause infective endocarditis. This article presents a rare and noteworthy case of H. parainfluenzae endocarditis affecting the aortic valve, seemingly unique when Haemophilus species in endocarditis were previously known to more commonly involve the pulmonic or mitral valves. In the setting of H. parainfluenzae bacteremia, a 61-year-old male with no significant past medical history exhibited subtle systemic symptoms with a paucity of clinical signs associated with endocarditis and no evidence of embolic disease. A thorough workup demonstrated a large vegetation involving the aortic valve causing acute aortic insufficiency necessitating subsequent replacement of the aortic valve. In follow-up appointments with providers, the patient demonstrated excellent recovery returning to his baseline activity within 6 months. This case highlights the importance of considering endocarditis in Haemophilus bacteremia, especially in those with an unclear source of infection. Recognition of these rare presentations can assist with timely diagnosis and appropriate management, thus improving patient outcomes.
The Role of Emergency and Primary Care in Combating the Rise of Gonorrhea: Another Purview Paradox?
Authors: Allan-Blitz Lao-Tzu , Chan Karly , Adamson Paul , Klausner Jeffrey D. , Hsu Katherine
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

Drug-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae is an urgent threat to public health. Novel prevention and treatment strategies are emerging, including immunizations, pharmacologic post-exposure prophylaxis, rapid molecular resistance assays, and novel antibiotics. However, where and how such strategies are optimally implemented remains unclear.

Methods:

We conducted a retrospective interrupted time series analysis of gonorrhea cases reported to the Massachusetts Department of Public Health. We collected names of treating providers from 2011 (n = 100) and 2022 (n = 108), and cross-referenced provider names with publicly available records from the Massachusetts Boards of Registration in Medicine and Nursing to identify provider type, specialty, year of terminal degree or licensure, and clinic type.

Results:

Of 208 providers, 111 (53.4%) were advanced care practitioners. Providers treated cases predominantly in community health centers (n = 65, 31.3%) and emergency departments or urgent care centers (n = 60, 28.8%). Only 11 (12.4%) of 89 physicians were trained in either adult or pediatric infectious diseases.

Conclusion:

Our results indicate that the majority of gonorrhea cases in the Massachusetts are treated in non-specialty settings. The time is now to plan for implementation of the emerging strategies to avoid underutilization and assure uptake of interventions in settings positioned to reach persons diagnosed with gonorrhea who will benefit most.
Risk Factors for de Novo Postoperative Urinary Retention in Posterior Lumbar Spine Surgery
Authors: Nakajima Hideaki , Honjoh Kazuya , Watanabe Shuji , Takeura Naoto , Kubota Arisa , Matsumine Akihiko
Published: December 2024

Study Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Objective

De novo postoperative urinary retention (POUR) after lumbar posterior decompression surgery for lumbar spinal canal stenosis (LSCS) is a statistically known but uncommon complication for both patients and spine surgeons. The aim of this study is to review clinical data and imaging findings and identify preoperative predictors of de novo POUR.

Methods

The subjects were 738 surgically treated patients with LSCS, without preoperative bladder dysfunction or perioperative complications. Univariate and multivariate analyses using propensity score matching were performed to identify prognostic factors for POUR lasting for at least 1 week after postoperative urinary catheter removal.

Results

POUR occurred in 23 patients (3.1%). The median recovery time was 41 days and only 12 patients (52.2%) showed improvement within 3 months. Patients with POUR were significantly older, and the lumbar Cobb angle, location of compressed dura mater (ventral or dorsal), and type of cauda equina redundancy (curve-type) were identified as independent prognostic factors. POUR had no association with sex, comorbidities, surgical procedures, number of decompressed segments, or degree of dura mater compression.

Conclusions

This study suggests that older age and curve-type stenosis with ventral or dorsal compression of the dura mater are risk factors for development of de novo POUR. Such preoperative imaging findings may indicate a higher risk of intraoperative thermal and nerve injuries, and possible uneven cauda equina flow improvement after decompression.
Unpacking the business model: Food delivery platforms as ‘multiple market makers’
Authors: Haidar Julieta
Published: December 2024

Food delivery platforms constitute one of the largest objects of study in the field of the digital platform economy. However, to date, there are just a few studies that look at these platforms beyond aspects related to labour relations. This paper aims to advance in the theorization and empirical analysis of the development of the business model of food delivery platforms and analyse the relationship between platforms and providers. I argue that the development of the business model of platforms implies a process of marketization, given that platforms define and organise at least four elements that configurate a for-profit market (i.e. commodification, membership, governance and monetization). In the process of creating the ‘core’ market (i.e. the ‘food delivery market’), they create or develop other support markets: the ‘marketing market’ and the ‘gastronomy market’. For that reason, I assert that they are not only ‘market makers’, but ‘multiple market makers’ or ‘market developers’. In addition, in that process, the platforms establish power relations with the providers from the gastronomy sector (restaurants, fast food outlets, pizzerias) and exercise algorithmic and non-algorithmic forms of control over them. To make these claims, this paper is based on a qualitative study of food delivery platforms and their relations with providers in the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina. I conducted in-depth interviews with members of chambers of commerce from the gastronomy sector and with providers and analysed contracts signed between the platforms and different types of food establishments.
Achieving tuberculosis elimination in Canada and the USA: giving equal weight to domestic and international efforts
Authors: Rana Namrata , Johnston James C. , Schwartzman Kevin , Oxlade Olivia , Suarez Pedro G. , Gasana Michel , Murray Megan , Brigden Grania , Campbell Jonathon R.
Published: December 2024

A major contributor to the tuberculosis burden in the United States (US) and Canada is the progression of tuberculosis infection acquired before immigration among persons born outside the US and Canada. Domestic interventions against tuberculosis, such as those associated with tuberculosis infection testing and treatment, while critical, are alone insufficient to address tuberculosis and achieve elimination. To hasten tuberculosis elimination in North America, coupling domestic efforts with consistent funding and multifaceted support for tuberculosis detection, treatment, and prevention worldwide is necessary. These efforts will reduce tuberculosis transmission and the prevalence of tuberculosis infection in an increasingly globalized world. We discuss the epidemiologic and economic rationale for this approach, as well as current efforts and potential strategies. We further place in context benchmark tuberculosis programs that have used international funding to achieve a sustained decline in tuberculosis incidence, as exemplars for the importance of such funding to international progress towards elimination. We conclude by providing suggestions for future pathways toward sustainable programs. Following the substantial global and local response to COVID-19, we call for the same intensity to eliminate this millennia-old disease.
Body Weight Gain Associated With Alectinib in Patients With ALK+ Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: Pooled Analysis of Individual Patient Data From Four Prospective Clinical Trials
Authors: Sikkema Barend J. , Baart Sara J. , Paats Marthe S. , Smit Egbert F. , Schols Annemie M.W.J. , Mathijssen Ron H.J. , van Rossum Elisabeth F.C. , Dingemans Anne-Marie C.
Published: December 2024

PURPOSE

Weight gain is a known adverse event (AE) of alectinib. This study evaluates the progression of actual weight gain over time and explores its association with baseline characteristics.

METHODS

A pooled analysis of individual patient data from four clinical trials (ALEX, J-ALEX, ALUR, and ML29453) was conducted. Actual weight gain was calculated as the percent change from baseline. A linear mixed model estimated weight change over time and associations between clinical characteristics and weight change.

RESULTS

Follow-up weights were available for three trials (J-ALEX, ALUR, and ML29453) and missing for ALEX. In total, 2,622 weights were recorded in the first year (N = 302). At baseline, 13.6% of the Japanese population were underweight and 5.0% in the Western population. Actual weight gain of any grade was substantially higher than reported AE rates (49%
v
5%), with 18% experiencing ≥10% weight gain (from median 55.6 kg to 64.1 kg). Time on alectinib was positively associated with weight change (β = .37; 95% CI, 0.24 to 0.51;
P
< .001), corresponding to an average increase of 4.4% over 1 year. Baseline BMI was not associated with weight change in J-ALEX (β = –.090 [95% CI, –0.19 to 0.012];
P
= .092) and ALUR/ML29453 (β = –.016 [95% CI, –0.077 to 0.044];
P
= .59). Baseline albumin was positively associated with weight change in ALUR/ML29453 (β = .084 [95% CI, 0.027 to 0.14];
P
= .0045), although not considered a clinically meaningful predictor.

CONCLUSION

Weight gain is under-reported as AE in trials. Actual weights showed ≥10% weight gain in 18% of patients. Clinicians should be aware of this AE, emphasizing the importance of timely identification and monitoring weight. Identifying predictors for weight gain remains challenging.
Associations of Cumulative Adulthood, Childhood and Lifelong Insulin With Adulthood Retinal Microvasculature
Authors: Repo Oskari , Juonala Markus , Rovio Suvi P , Mykkänen Juha , Nevalainen Jaakko , Kähönen Mika , Lehtimäki Terho , Laitinen Tomi P , Viikari Jorma , Raitakari Olli , Tapp Robyn , Pahkala Katja
Published: December 2024

Context

Exogenous insulin is reported to have both vasodilatory and vasoconstrictive effects on microvasculature. Little is known about the associations of long-term endogenous insulin exposure with microvasculature.

Objective

To test the hypothesis that long-term exposure to high insulin levels in childhood and adulthood is associated with adverse changes in retinal microvasculature in adulthood in a population without diabetes.

Methods

We analyzed data derived from the longitudinal Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. The first cross-sectional study was conducted in 1980, and participants were followed for 31 years from childhood to adulthood with frequent follow-up visits. Fundus photos were taken in 2011, and microvascular outcome measures were derived in participants at the age of 34 to 49 years (n = 1684). After exclusion of individuals with diabetes or missing insulin measures, 1166 participants formed the population of the present study. Cumulative exposure as the area under the curve (AUC) for adulthood (10-year exposure between 2001 and 2011) and childhood (exposure between ages 6-18 years) insulin and other cardiovascular risk factors were determined. Additionally, adulthood and childhood cumulative AUCs were summarized to construct lifelong AUCs.

Results

Higher adulthood, childhood, and lifelong exposure for cumulative insulin was associated with decreased retinal arteriolar diameter when adjusted for age and sex and further for cumulative conventional cardiovascular risk factors.

Conclusion

Cumulative childhood, adulthood, and lifelong insulin are associated with decreased retinal arteriolar diameter in adulthood in a population of participants without diabetes, independently of conventional cardiovascular risk factors.
Introduction
Authors: Bradway Teagan
Published: December 2024

This essay provides an introduction to the special issue of differences titled Unaccountably Queer, which commemorates the twentieth anniversary of Judith Butler’s contribution to moral philosophy, Giving an Account of Oneself (2005). Through Butler’s work, the introduction theorizes queer metarelationality as a vernacular ethical practice that is vital to queer life. Reframing queer theory’s debates over the antisocial thesis, the essay argues that Giving an Account of Oneself offers valuable insight for contemporary debates over critique and postcritique, queer and trans kinship, and the relationship between ethics and politics. The essays in the special issue consider Butler’s Giving an Account of Oneself in relation to a range of fields, specifically queer theory, Black studies, trans studies, disability studies, postcolonial theory, feminism, psychoanalysis, life writing, and narratology.
Limited Accounts: Thinking Race and Recognition
Authors: Musser Amber Jamilla
Published: December 2024

This essay reflects on the difficulties of situating recognition as a basis for ethics by putting end (2018), a paper, wood, and staple assemblage by Philadelphia- and Brooklyn-based conceptual artist Wilmer Wilson IV, in conversation with Judith Butler’s Giving an Account of Oneself. Analyzing end, which offers a meditation on representation, racial capitalism, and intimacy, reveals how visual art can be both the scene and mode of address. This duality has important implications for Black studies’ effort to work around recognition. It does so by muddying firm distinctions between “you” and “I” and enabling a deeper consideration of what escapes.
Parts of Myself
Authors: Adair Cassius
Published: December 2024

This essay considers Judith Butler’s Giving an Account of Oneself through an inquiry into the multiplicity of trans subjectivities. Beginning with the story of the author’s encounter with Butler’s text as a newly transitioning graduate student, it asks whether misreadings, both of theory and of bodies, are key to the construction of trans knowledges. From there, the essay reads (or perhaps misreads) Giving an Account alongside Susan Stryker’s foundational essay “My Words to Victor Frankenstein above the Village of Chamounix: Performing Transgender Rage,” arguing that both Butler and Stryker offer ways to inhabit fractured, split, and unknowable selves.
“When your cords were tense”: Giving up on, the Giving Ground
Authors: Snediker Michael D.
Published: December 2024

This essay lingers in the texture of Judith Butler’s writing for the sake of illuminating interlocutory particularity as a scenographic function rather than reliable internal reserve. Here, spatial agitation is experienced, whether or not consciousness can receive it, as intrapsychic metabolism gone awry, recalling Butler’s attention in their earlier work to the relational scrupulousness of Emily Dickinson and Henry James. Read alongside the buckling formalisms of descriptive exigency, perceptual groping, and the affective complexity of sincerity (in Lauren Berlant’s late writing, Henry David Thoreau’s Walden, and the HBO series White Lotus, respectively), this Emersonian account of Giving an Account of Oneself reflects, for the sake of thinking more closely about and within both the fiction of personal expression and the impersonal medium in which it is embedded, on the intimacy hydraulics with which our efforts at candor are pervaded and managerially counterposed.
Drink Responsibly: On Morality and Perversion
Authors: Ashtor Gila
Published: December 2024

Drawing on psychoanalytic theory, and specifically the work of French psychoanalyst Jean Laplanche (1924–2012), Judith Butler challenges the popular Nietzschean account of how responsibility originates by offering a counterhistory of subject formation. I take up the book’s reformulation of the process through which responsibility develops in order to assess its underlying psychological assumptions. I argue that whereas Butler interprets the scene of infant-adult address in terms of relationality, empathy, and responsiveness, my own reading suggests that this interpretation risks obscuring the signal importance of “seduction” in Laplanche’s thought and, in doing so, misses the powerful dynamics of sexuality in the formation of consciousness.
Renarratable Bonds: Queer Relationality in the Scene of Redress
Authors: Bradway Teagan
Published: December 2024

This essay recovers Judith Butler’s theory of self-narration for queer theory and narratology. The essay shows how self-narration unlocks relational capacities not entirely stifled by disciplinary power. The essay spotlights the importance of renarratability, or the capacity for an event to be renarrated, to Butler’s theory. Renarration engenders recursive inconsistencies rife with queer potential. Through renarration, one can compose a scene of redress that revises the violent and otherwise life-denying contours of narratability itself. As an example, the essay turns to Danez Smith’s essay, “How HIV Ruined My Sex Life. Then I Met My Match” (2021), published at the height of the COVID-19 pandemic. Smith renarrates a scene of redress that transformed their affective and social relations to sex as a Black, queer, nonbinary person with HIV. Through self-narration, Smith revises the nar-ratability of Black queer bonds and demonstrates how self-narration can sustain and strengthen the capacities of queer relationality.
Who Is the Subject of Gender Self-determination?
Authors: Gill-Peterson Jules
Published: December 2024

This essay poses two critical questions about trans politics as elaborated in the Global North today: Who is the subject of gender self-determination? And what, precisely, is mobilized by tying political sovereignty to gendered persecution and ethical world-making, trans or otherwise? To answer those questions, both liberal and antistate iterations of gender self-determination are read through the lens of Judith Butler’s writing on the fractious relationship between ethical responsibility and politics. Focusing on Butler’s engagement with Emmanuel Levinas through a Jewish tradition, the author argues that trans politics have grounded claims to liberal individual and radical collective sovereignty alike in a diasporic metaphor of displacement from a rightful home. In the final analysis, Butler’s work outside of the theory of gender’s performativity helps make clear that gender, as a vector of self-determination and political assembly, advances colonial and settler interests—even when trans.
Crise como catalisador: a inovação no gerenciamento de crises em segurança pública
Authors: Cassimiro Ramos Fabio Elissandro
Published: December 2024

Este estudo de caso explora a inovação em gestão de crises de uma instituição federal de segurança pública brasileira durante a pandemia de COVID-19, com enfoque no protagonista Ulisses. O escopo envolve o desenvolvimento de um modelo inovador de disseminação de conhecimento usando Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação para capacitar líderes intermediários em gerenciamento de crises. A originalidade se destaca na implementação de uma trilha de aprendizado autoinstrucional via plataforma Workplace, que superou obstáculos como financiamento limitado e restrições de tempo. A relevância do estudo é evidenciada pela ênfase na cultura estratégica e educação institucional, o papel vital da liderança durante crises e a necessidade de avaliação crítica sobre o impacto do treinamento na prontidão organizacional para situações adversas futuras.
Entre o certo e o desconhecido, qual será sua escolha? Dilema de carreira
Authors: Araújo Machado Jéssica , Virgino Soares Nahuan Alaff , Tavares dos Santos Gabriela
Published: December 2024

O caso de Sofia ocorre em um contexto organizacional, em que uma jovem profissional enfrenta um dilema de carreira: escolher entre permanecer em seu emprego atual, que oferece estabilidade, um bom ambiente de trabalho e equilíbrio entre vida pessoal e profissional, ou aceitar uma nova oportunidade que promete desafios e maior crescimento, mas também apresenta riscos e incertezas. O dilema de Sofia envolve uma reflexão sobre suas prioridades e valores, ponderando entre segurança e potencial de desenvolvimento. Em que, os estudantes são incentivados a avaliar diferentes perspectivas, desenvolver empatia e formular soluções que considerem os múltiplos interesses envolvidos.
Relações governo-empresa no século XXI: o caso Tencent Games
Authors: Guedes Ana Lucia , Maia Alessandra
Published: December 2024

O caso trata do dilema das relações governo-empresa de tecnologia. A Tencent Games tem sido acusada de compartilhar os dados dos usuários dos seus aplicativos com propósito de vigilância, controle de comportamento e do discurso público pelo governo. Nas primeiras décadas do século XXI, a Tencent construiu um ecossistema dentro do telefone móvel e gerou a maior parte de sua receita com jogos online até se tornar uma das maiores empresas de jogos do mundo. O caso desafia os leitores a se colocarem nos papéis de usuários dos jogos e de CEO da Tencent Games para resolverem o dilema frente às preocupações públicas internacionais com liberdade de expressão e proteção de dados pessoais. O caso pode ser adotado nas disciplinas de Economia Política, Economia e Indústria Criativa, Gestão e Negócios Internacionais dos cursos de graduação em Comunicação, Administração Pública e de Empresas.
Desenvolvimento e validação de um curso sobre ferramentas tecnológicas educacionais aplicadas ao ensino superior remoto
Authors: BEZERA E SILVA CINARA KARINA , Liberalino Eurico , Da Silva Junior José Roberto
Published: December 2024

A pandemia de COVID-19 trouxe uma transição acelerada para o ensino remoto, exigindo que docentes adaptassem suas práticas ao uso de tecnologias digitais, muitas vezes sem capacitação adequada. Este estudo descreve o desenvolvimento e a validação de um curso de capacitação em Ensino a Distância (EaD) para docentes da área da saúde, com foco no uso de ferramentas tecnológicas aplicadas ao ensino superior remoto. O curso foi desenvolvido em três etapas: 1) pesquisa bibliográfica para embasamento teórico; 2) desenvolvimento do conteúdo com base no modelo de Desenho Instrucional de Morrison, Ross e Kemp; e 3) validação com especialistas e docentes da área. Na validação de conteúdo, cinco especialistas avaliaram o curso positivamente e sugeriram ajustes, que foram incorporados. A validação semântica, realizada com 15 docentes, mostrou que 100% dos participantes consideraram o curso acessível, e 73,3% avaliaram o título como excelente. Além disso, 93,34% dos docentes afirmaram estar aptos a reproduzir o conteúdo, demonstrando compreensão efetiva. A consistência interna do curso foi confirmada pelo alfa de Cronbach de 0,7634. Após os ajustes finais, o curso foi concluído no formato autoinstrucional, com carga horária de três horas e sem necessidade de mediação. O estudo foi conduzido de acordo com as normas éticas, com aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa (parecer nº 4.766.843). Espera-se que o curso contribua para a qualificação docente e o aprimoramento do ensino remoto no ensino superior em saúde, promovendo autonomia e eficácia no uso de tecnologias educacionais.
Percepções de estudantes e preceptores sobre a interdisciplinaridade no processo de formação em fisioterapia
Authors: Cavalcanti de siqueira Nayara bezerra , Silveira Braglia Cesar Vieira Juliany , Menezes Thalita
Published: December 2024

Mudanças curriculares vêm acontecendo dentro das IES com o objetivo de promover a formação de profissionais aptos a realizar ações integrais de saúde. Essa pesquisa investigou a compreensão de preceptores e estagiários de fisioterapia acerca da vivência da interdisciplinaridade no contexto do estágio curricular. O estudo de abordagem qualitativa foi realizado em uma instituição de ensino superior do interior de Caruaru-PE, nos meses de Outubro e Novembro de 2018.  Um grupo focal foi realizado e os dados obtidos foram analisados através da análise de Bardin apresentando as seguintes categorias: Percepção de Interdisciplinaridade, Estágio Interdisciplinar: motivação e desafios e Desenvolvimento pessoal e profissional. Os resultados encontrados demonstram que a vivência interdisciplinar estimula uma formação pautada no atendimento integral, desenvolvendo uma postura profissional mais humanizada. Sugere-se a continuidade de estudos sobre a interdisciplinaridade, devido à escassez de trabalhos que investigam a temática.
Classification and modeling of elements for monitoring the evolution of historical buildings using pattern recognition for enhancing cultural heritage
Authors: Σιούντρη Κωνσταντίνα
Published: December 2024

Η διατριβή εξετάζει την ενσωμάτωση ψηφιακών τεχνολογιών και διεπιστημονικών μεθόδων για την τεκμηρίωση, ανάλυση και κατηγοριοποίηση της αρχιτεκτονικής κληρονομιάς, με επίκεντρο το πλούσιο ιστορικό κτηριακό απόθεμα της Αθήνας. Η έρευνα εστιάζει στις επείγουσες προκλήσεις που αφορούν τα ιστορικά κτίρια, όπως η ταχεία αστικοποίηση, η εγκατάλειψη, οι περιβαλλοντικοί κίνδυνοι, και οι φυσικές καταστροφές, οι οποίες απειλούν την αρχιτεκτονική κληρονομιά της Ελλάδας. Μέσα από την ανάπτυξη ημιαυτόματων και αυτόματων διαδικασιών λήψης αποφάσεων, η μελέτη αξιοποιεί τεχνολογίες όπως η αναγνώριση προτύπων μέσω πολυκριτηριακών συστημάτων λήψης αποφάσεων (MCDA) για την ταξινόμηση αρχιτεκτονικών χαρακτηριστικών, η Τεχνητή Νοημοσύνη (AI) για την αυτοματοποίηση διαδικασιών, η μοντελοποίηση κατασκευαστικών πληροφοριών (HBIM) για λεπτομερή τεκμηρίωση και αλγόριθμους βαθιάς μάθησης (YOLO) για την ταξινόμηση προσόψεων κτιρίων σε πραγματικό χρόνο. Χρησιμοποιώντας ψηφιακά εργαλεία και προηγμένους αλγόριθμους, η έρευνα εισάγει καινοτόμους τρόπους για την απλοποίηση της ταξινόμησης των κατοικιών με βάση τα αρχιτεκτονικά χαρακτηριστικά, τις περιόδους κατασκευής και τις τυπολογίες των προσόψεών τους. Η μελέτη αξιολογεί τις αποκλίσεις στην τεκμηρίωση κτιρίων από διαφορετικές έρευνες και προσφέρει λύσεις για την εναρμόνιση των μεθοδολογιών και τη βελτίωση της αξιοπιστίας των δεδομένων. Μία από τις βασικές συμβολές αυτής της έρευνας είναι η επίδειξη του πώς η Αναγνώριση Προτύπων μέσω της Τεχνητής Νοημοσύνης μπορούν να φέρουν επανάσταση στη διαχείριση της πολιτιστικής κληρονομιάς παγκοσμίως, αυτοματοποιώντας την κατηγοριοποίηση των ιστορικών κτιρίων με βάση τα στοιχεία των προσόψεών τους. Η ενσωμάτωση της τρισδιάστατης μοντελοποίησης, των οντολογιών και των ψηφιακών βάσεων δεδομένων ενισχύει περαιτέρω τις προσπάθειες τεκμηρίωσης, επιτρέποντας την πιο αποτελεσματική διαχείριση της κληρονομιάς, με στρατηγικές που μπορούν να εφαρμοστούν και σε άλλες πόλεις της Ελλάδας και διεθνώς. Με την προώθηση ενεργειακά αποδοτικών και φιλικών προς το περιβάλλον μεθόδων διαχείρισης του αστικού χώρου και του υφιστάμενου κτηριακού αποθέματος, η έρευνα συμβάλλει στον ευρύτερο στόχο της βιωσιμότητας, ενώ ταυτόχρονα προστατεύει την αρχιτεκτονική κληρονομιά της Ελλάδας. Συνοψίζοντας, αυτή η διατριβή παρέχει ένα ολοκληρωμένο αρχικό πλαίσιο για τη χρήση ψηφιακών τεχνολογιών στη διαχείριση της αρχιτεκτονικής κληρονομιάς. Εστιάζοντας στις προσόψεις των αθηναϊκών κατοικιών από το 1830 και έπειτα, η εργασία υπογραμμίζει τη σημασία της συνεχούς και δυναμικής ενημέρωσης των αρχείων και αποθετηρίων. Τονίζεται ο ρόλος των ψηφιακών τεχνολογιών, οι οποίες προάγουν τη διαφάνεια, τη διεπιστημονική συνεργασία, βελτιώνουν τις διαδικασίες λήψης αποφάσεων και ενισχύουν τις προληπτικές προσπάθειες διατήρησης στο πλαίσιο της διάσωσης της ιστορικής μνήμης αλλά και της βιώσιμης αστικής ανάπτυξης, σε απάντηση των σύγχρονων απειλών όπως η έλλειψη ανθεκτικότητας και η υποβάθμιση των κτιρίων.
Programas de beneficios por colaboración: defectos de origen y desaciertos en su implementación en Colombia
Authors: Lopez Santiago
Published: December 2024

Este artículo analiza la eficacia y deficiencias del programa de beneficios por colaboración (PBC) colombiano en relación con los modelos globales que lo inspiraron. Hacia el fin, se examinaron los programas estadounidense y europeo, para identificar aciertos y debilidades tanto de origen como de diseño institucional, y establecer así su impacto en el caso local. Por último, se indagó sobre la existencia de posibles soluciones a la problemática hallada. El primero, aunque sólido en diseño, presenta fallas de fundamento. El segundo muestra limitaciones en su fundamentación y diseño. Al incorporar elementos de ambos, el modelo de Colombia heredó sus falencias. Frente al desafío planteado, se revisan algunas propuestas doctrinales para superarlo y mejorar la implementación del PBC en el país.
Feature Selection and Grouping Effect Analysis for Credit Evaluation via Regularized Diagonal Distance Metric Learning
Authors: Li Tie , Kou Gang , Peng Yi , Yu Philip S.
Published: December 2024

In credit evaluation, feature selection and grouping effect analysis are used to identify the most relevant credit risk features. Most feature selection and grouping effect analysis are implemented via regularizing linear models. Nevertheless, substantial evidence shows that credit data are linearly inseparable due to heterogeneous credit customers and various risk sources. Although many nonlinear models have been proposed in the last two decades, the majority of them required recombination of the original features, which made it difficult to interpret the results of the models. To cope with this dilemma, we propose a diagonal distance metric learning model that improves distance metrics by rescaling the features. Meanwhile, feature selection and grouping effect analysis are realized by adding regularizations to the model. The main merit of the proposed model is that it avoids the limitation of the linear models by not pursuing linear separability, yet guaranteeing the interpretability. We also prove and explain why feature selection and grouping effect can be achieved and decompose the optimization problem into parallel linear programming problems, plus a small quadratic consensus-reaching problem, such that the optimization can be efficiently solved. Experiments using a real credit data set of 96,000 instances show that the proposed model improves the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of the distance-based classifier k-nearest neighbors by 14% in two-class credit evaluation and surpasses linear models in terms of accuracy, true positive rate, and AUC. The proposed regularized diagonal distance metric learning approach also has the potential to be applied to other fields where data are linearly inseparable.

History: Accepted by Ram Ramesh, Area Editor for Data Science and Machine Learning.

Funding: Financial support from the National Social Science Fund of China [Grant 23BTJ040] and the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 72471047 and 71910107002] is gratefully acknowledged.

Supplemental Material: The software that supports the findings of this study is available within the paper and its Supplemental Information ( https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/suppl/10.1287/ijoc.2023.0322 ) as well as from the IJOC GitHub software repository ( https://github.com/INFORMSJoC/2023.0322 ). The complete IJOC Software and Data Repository is available at https://informsjoc.github.io/ .
An Explainable Artificial Intelligence Approach Using Graph Learning to Predict Intensive Care Unit Length of Stay
Authors: Guo Tianjian , Bardhan Indranil R. , Ding Ying , Zhang Shichang
Published: December 2024

We propose and test a novel graph learning-based explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) approach to address the challenge of developing explainable predictions of patient length of stay (LoS) in intensive care units (ICUs). Specifically, we address a notable gap in the literature on XAI methods that identify interactions between model input features to predict patient health outcomes. Our model intrinsically constructs a patient-level graph, which identifies the importance of feature interactions for prediction of health outcomes. It demonstrates state-of-the-art explanation capabilities based on identification of salient feature interactions compared with traditional XAI methods for prediction of LoS. We supplement our XAI approach with a small-scale user study, which demonstrates that our model can lead to greater user acceptance of artificial intelligence (AI) model-based decisions by contributing to greater interpretability of model predictions. Our model lays the foundation to develop interpretable, predictive tools that healthcare professionals can utilize to improve ICU resource allocation decisions and enhance the clinical relevance of AI systems in providing effective patient care. Although our primary research setting is the ICU, our graph learning model can be generalized to other healthcare contexts to accurately identify key feature interactions for prediction of other health outcomes, such as mortality, readmission risk, and hospitalizations.