bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
[RETRACTED] Total Health ACV+Keto Gummies Fast Fat Melting Gummy Morning Weight Lose Formula 2022 Report It May Exposed(Real Or Hoax) v1
Authors: not provided Bheandbharbie
Published: July 2022

[RETRACTED]

CLICK HERE TO BUY TOTAL HEALTH ACV + KETO GUMMIES “GET 50% DISCOUNT” NO.1 WEIGHT LOSE GUMMIES 2022 HURRY LIMITED TIME OFFER!!
[RETRACTED] Prime Choice CBD Gummies v1
Authors: not provided pibigi
Published: July 2022

[RETRACTED]

Prime Choice CBD Gummieshave an exceptional and faster working cycle. The condition releases basic trimmings and substances in your body.
[RETRACTED] GlucoTrust Reviews | GLucotrust Com | Glucotrust Scam | Glucotrust Customer Reviews v1
Authors: not provided vvvorsha
Published: July 2022

[RETRACTED]

GlucoTrust Reviews | GLucotrust Com | Glucotrust Scam | Glucotrust Customer Reviews
[RETRACTED] Via Keto Gummies Australia: ViaKeto Apple Gummies Australia (Chemist Warehouse) My 30 Days Shocking Results! Where to buy Via Keto Gummies In Australia? v1
Authors: not provided health
Published: July 2022

[RETRACTED]

Via Keto Apple Gummies UK, Canada, Australia [Reviews] – Top Weight loss supplement of 2022 This item is very nearly 100% safe. For that large number of individuals out there, who wish to soften fat quick without right or exercise, this one is a definitive arrangement. Individuals will actually want to see the outcomes. The 1% exemption is generally there on the grounds that the body reaction of each and every individual is unique. Visit the official website:- https://rvmac.net/via-keto-apple-gummies-uk-reviews/
[RETRACTED] Herba RX Keto v1
Authors: RX Keto Herba
Published: July 2022

[RETRACTED]

Herba RX Keto
Protocol: A Systematic Review of HLA-B and its Role in Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia v1
Authors: Thibaut Dylan
Published: July 2022

The link between specific HLA-B genes and congenital adrenal hyperplasia has been a subject of interest. This study investigates the association between these HLA-B genes and congenital adrenal hyperplasia through meta-analysis. The findings may prove helpful for pre- and postnatal diagnosis, identification of carriers, and prediction of prognosis.
[RETRACTED] Total Health ACV Keto Gummies:-Reality About This Formula(Work Or Hoax) v1
Authors: not provided totalhealth
Published: July 2022

[RETRACTED]

The Total Health ACV + Keto Gummies are one of the latest products to release inside the emerging dietary world of ketosis and apple cider vinegar. These two staples of sound health, being ketogenic diet and ACV, are now being combined to make one of the most attractive formulas on the market in a simple, tasty edible form.
[RETRACTED] Total Health ACV Keto Gummies Reviews ALERT Before Buying Weight And Fat Lose Formula(Work Or Hoax) v1
Authors: Health ACV Keto Gummies Total
Published: July 2022

[RETRACTED]

[HUGE SAVINGS] Get Your Total Health ACV Keto Gummies “Get 50% OFF” Get 2+1 Offer Hurry Only For 1st User!!
[RETRACTED] Total Health ACV + Keto Gummies Reviews (Scam or Legit?) Does it Work Weight Loss Gummies Update 2022 v1
Authors: not provided Derekemarks
Published: July 2022

[RETRACTED]

One of the most well-liked mouthwashes for weight loss is Total Health ACV + Keto, which are especially suitable for people who have acquired weight as a result of overeating. The recipe was developed by mixing a special and powerful mixture of ingredients that have been clinically shown to reduce fat and fat cells, enabling you to lose weight.
[RETRACTED] Ultimate Keto Gummies (Scam Exposed 2022) Is Really Worth Buying? v1
Authors: Keto Gummies Ultimate
Published: July 2022

[RETRACTED]

Ultimate Keto Gummies
[RETRACTED] Total Health ACV Keto Gummies (Pros and Cons) Is It Scam Or Trusted? v1
Authors: not provided andrewfilintof
Published: July 2022

[RETRACTED]

Total Health ACV Keto Gummies
[RETRACTED] Total Health ACV + Keto Reviews Shark Tank Where to Buy Benefits 100% Safe Weight Loss Gummies v1
Authors: not provided Derekemarks
Published: July 2022

[RETRACTED]

The Total Health ACV + Keto Gummies are one of the newest supplements to hit the market in the newly popular area of apple cider vinegar and ketosis. The ketogenic diet and ACV, two pillars of good health, are now being combined to create one of the most alluring formulae on the market in an easy-to-eat edible form. The Total Health ACV Keto Gummies are designed to support weight loss and wellness. They are claimed to be the most potent full spectrum keto BHB salts on the market, and when combined with the beneficial apple cider vinegar ingredient, Total Health believes this is the boost you've been looking for.
[RETRACTED] Total Health ACV+Keto Gummies:-Price Scam or Legit Weight Loss Support v1
Authors: not provided totalhealthgummies
Published: July 2022

[RETRACTED]

The Total Health ACV + Keto Gummies are one of the latest products to release inside the emerging dietary world of ketosis and apple cider vinegar. These two staples of sound health, being ketogenic diet and ACV, are now being combined to make one of the most attractive formulas on the market in a simple, tasty edible form.
[RETRACTED] https://wintersupplement.com/keto-complete-australia/ v1
Authors: Keto ACV
Published: July 2022

[RETRACTED]

Keto Complete Australia
[RETRACTED] Myco Nootropic Brain Gummies Alert 2022 (Legit or Scam) v1
Authors: not provided mukhdi
Published: July 2022

[RETRACTED]

It is seen as a part of a study that certain people tend to feel more doldrums in their emotions and also they tend to fare poorly in their work performance. This is not just a coincidence but actually signs that your brain health is not at the optimum and that it is in urgent need of help.
[RETRACTED] Blazing Keto *IS REAL DIET* Melt Fat Fast with no Exercise! v1
Authors: not provided g
Published: July 2022

[RETRACTED]

Don't bother keeping is being worried about things that you at last can have command over with this strong new formula.
[RETRACTED] Diaetoxile Avis (Diaetoxil) Acheter en France- Arnaque, Pharmacia Prix v1
Authors: not provided health
Published: July 2022

[RETRACTED]

Diaetoxile fonctionne-t-il ou est-ce une arnaque? Sûr à utiliser ? Vérifiez le prix, les effets secondaires, les ingrédients et les avantages.
[RETRACTED] Total Health ACV + Keto Gummies (Shocking!) Does Total Health ACV Keto Really Works? v1
Authors: Health ACV + Keto Gummies Total
Published: July 2022

[RETRACTED]

CLICK HERE TO PURCHASE TOTAL HEALTH ACV + KETO GUMMIES DIRECTLY FROM THE MANUFACTURER’S OFFICIAL WEBSITE TODAY
[RETRACTED] Diaetoxile v1
Authors: not provided health
Published: July 2022

[RETRACTED]

Avis sur le diaétoxile - Le produit 100% naturel n'a pas d'effets secondaires Prix et où acheter.
Examining the Effect of Ethical Awareness on the Relationship between Political Skill and Subjective Career Success
Authors: Fidan Tuncer , Koç Mehmet Hilmi
Published: July 2022

This study examined the relationship of political skills of high school teachers to their subjective career success and the moderating role of ethical awareness in this relationship. The findings demonstrated that the participants' ethical awareness and political skill scores were relatively higher than career and life satisfaction scores. Career and life satisfaction were found to increase with professional experience. Despite being a significant predictor of career satisfaction, ethical awareness had no significant effect on life satisfaction. That said, political skill was a significant predictor of both career satisfaction and life satisfaction. Moreover, ethical awareness did not moderate the effect of political skill on career and life satisfaction. Based on these findings, implementing formal methods such as the use of vision and mission statements and in-school guidelines to make the ethical provisions mentioned in the legal regulations visible in the school environment, and school administrators’ creating an ethical working climate through implementing the ethical rules fairly for all teachers and students were recommended.
Secondary School Teachers' Job Satisfaction: A Mixed Research Method
Authors: Özcan Mehmet
Published: July 2022

This study aims to investigate secondary school teachers’ job satisfaction levels with the convergent method, one of the mixed research methods. The quantitative part of the study was conducted with 330 participating teachers, and the ‘Minnesota Job Satisfaction Scale’, developed by Weiss, Dawis, England and Lofquist (1967) and adapted to Turkish by Baycan (1985), was used. In the qualitative part of the study, a semi-structured interview form was used consisting of 4 questions to reveal the intrinsic and extrinsic job satisfaction factors of the participants. In addition, the gender, branch, professional experience, and educational level variables were used in the study. As a result, the general job satisfaction and intrinsic job satisfaction levels of the participants were “satisfied”, and their extrinsic job satisfaction levels were “uncertain”. When the qualitative data were analyzed, appreciation, success, promotion, merit, recognition, motivation, and responsibility were respectively factors affecting the participants’ intrinsic job satisfaction, payment, management, working conditions, justice and living standards were respectively factors affecting the participants’ extrinsic job satisfaction.
Diagnóstico Comunitario con la Población Gitana de Ingenio, Gran Canaria
Authors: Carmona-Santiago José , García Ruiz Marta
Published: July 2022

En la década de los cincuenta, las Islas Canarias se convirtieron en lugar de residencia de muchos gitanos de distintas partes de España que buscaban un mundo mejor para sus familias. Es en el sureste de la isla de Gran Canaria donde la integración toma mayor relevancia, unas 300 personas pertenecientes a esta etnia viven en la actualidad en Ingenio. La finalidad de este estudio es visibilizar la experiencia llevada a cabo en el municipio de Ingenio y presentar los principales resultados derivados del “Diagnóstico Comunitario con la Población Gitana de Ingenio, Gran Canaria”. Desde las Metodología Participativas se ha desarrollado un proceso en el que se han celebrado catorce encuentros comunitarios para analizar las siguientes dimensiones: demografía, relaciones comunitarias, empleo, mujer y educación. Han participado 45 personas gitanas, acompañadas por personal técnico y con el respaldo institucional del Cabildo de Gran Canaria y la colaboración del Ayuntamiento de Ingenio.
Recomendaciones para el apoyo de estudiantes Romanís en la Universidad
Authors: Serradell Olga , García-Cabrera Maria del Mar , Barrera-Rodríguez Maria Fernanda , Ramírez Catalina
Published: July 2022

Pese a que la juventud gitana está alcanzando la educación superior con mayor frecuencia que las generaciones anteriores, una vez en la universidad enfrentan barreras específicas que limitan sus oportunidades educativas, dificultan su trayectoria académica y que no se han descrito en profundidad para el caso de España. El proyecto UNIROMA: Gitanas y gitanos en la universidad española financiado por el Plan Nacional I+D+i buscó identificar dichas barreras con el objetivo de formular recomendaciones para superarlas. La investigación consideró un diseño mixto, que combinó una encuesta y entrevistas en profundidad a estudiantes gitanos de universidades de Andalucía y Cataluña. Los resultados obtenidos evidencian barreras fruto de la interseccionalidad de diversos factores de discriminación que afectan a estos estudiantes: por su pertenencia a una minoría étnica, por ser con mayor frecuencia estudiantes de primera generación y no tradicionales y por su situación socioeconómica. En el caso de las mujeres, se añaden además barreras que derivan de la discriminación de género. A modo de conclusión el artículo desarrolla cuatro grupos de recomendaciones para potenciar la equidad en el sistema universitario. Las medidas consideran la colaboración entre iguales, el apoyo económico, académico y el fomento de la presencia gitana.
Ценностно-ориентированное управление развитием инфраструктуры города: установки жителей Санкт-Петербурга
Authors: Углова Анна Борисовна , Низомутдинов Борис Абдулохонович , Казак Владимир Андреевич , Липатова Дарья Сергеевна
Published: July 2022

В работе рассмотрена возможность использования результатов изучения ценностносмысловой сферы горожан, а также автоматизированного анализа данных из их социальных сетей для ценностно-ориентированного управления развитием инфраструктуры города. Рассмотрены теоретические и экспериментальные основания ценностно-ориентированного управления городом с учетом современных информационных и эко-психологических разработок. Были описаны наиболее значимые объекты инфраструктуры, которых не хватает жителям города, описана структура социокультурных потребностей жителей города. Были выявлены достоверно значимые взаимосвязи ценностно-смысловых установок жителей город, их потребностей в развитии инфраструктуры и компонентов их профилей в социальной сети для обоснования ценностно-ориентированного прогнозирования потребностей в развитии инфраструктуры. Также выявлены достоверно значимые взаимосвязи ценностно-смысловых установок жителей город и их потребности в участии в инициативных проектах, активностью в городских онлайн сообществах, для поиска активистов готовых вступать в диалог с управляющими организациями и включаться в проекты соучастного проектирования.
Взаимосвязь склонности к киберагрессии с коммуникативными характеристиками
Authors: Антипина Светлана Степановна
Published: July 2022

Исследование направлено на изучение взаимосвязей между склонностью к различным формам киберагрессии и коммуникативными характеристиками (коммуникативным контролем, коммуникативной импульсивностью и направленностью личности в процессе общения) подростков. Киберагрессия понимается как преднамеренное нанесение вреда другим пользователям интернета, формы киберагрессии выделяются на основании типологической модели киберагрессии, предложенной К.C. Рунионсом. Он описывает киберагрессию подростков через их мотивационные цели и способность к поведенческому самоконтролю. Сбор данных осуществлялся с помощью Типологического опросника киберагрессии (адаптированного для русскоязычной выборки в нашем исследовании), методики «Диагностика коммуникативного контроля» М. Шнайдера, опросника оценки потенциала коммуникативной импульсивности В.А. Лосенкова и методики «Направленность личности в общении» (НЛО – А) (С.Л. Братченко). В исследовании приняли участие 136 подростков в возрасте 11–15 лет, учащиеся 5–8 классов общеобразовательных школ Санкт-Петербурга. Участие в исследовании было добровольным, каждый имел информированное согласие родителя (законного представителя). Результаты исследования позволили зафиксировать взаимосвязи между склонностью к киберагрессии, коммуникативным контролем, коммуникативной импульсивностью и направленностью личности в процессе общения. Корреляционные связи склонности к киберагрессии с коммуникативным контролем отмечены только для инициативных форм киберагрессии. Данные подростки способны ради вознаграждения и развлечения проявлять агрессию в адрес других пользователей, готовы присоединятся к группе сверстников-обидчиков, чтобы быть принятыми группой и заслужить уважение. Подростки, ориентированные на доминирование в общении, стремление «подавить» партнера, реже будут поддаваться на провокации других пользователей в сети. Таким образом, на основании полученных результатов сделан вывод о необходимости дифференцированного подхода к профилактике и коррекции киберагрессии подростков с учетом ее психологического смысла.
Личная безопасность в цифровой образовательной среде
Authors: Рассказова Альбина Николаевна , Зыкова Анастасия Сергеевна
Published: July 2022

Мы, как преподаватели, наделены правом и доступом к ежедневному сбору и обработке данные обучающихся. При этом наряду с освоением новых цифровых технологий сбора и обработки данных важно соблюдать их конфиденциальность и обязанность по защите. Несмотря на то, что защита конфиденциальности данных учащихся является частью основной ответственности за заботу о них, не во всех учебных заведениях имеются письменные договоренности и/или руководства по защите данных, а также какие-либо положения в отношении сбора и использования частной информации. Таким образом, цель данной работы состоит в предложении рекомендаций по разработке политики конфиденциальности непосредственно в учебных заведениях. Для этого анализируется роль преподавателя в защите данных обучающихся с точки зрения осознанного управления информацией и обсуждается ряд мер по защите конфиденциальности данных учащихся, не нарушая образовательных целей и стиля работы преподавателя. Предметом анализа являются учащиеся системы общего образования, студенты средних специальных и высших учебных заведений.
Технологии и принципы электронных сервисов в организации итогового тестирования выпускников школ и абитуриентов
Authors: Корытникова Надежда Владимировна
Published: July 2022

В статье рассмотрены инновационные возможности электронных сервисов для регистрации и прохождения ВНО . Технология регистрации и получения сертификата о сдаче экзамена описываются на конкретных примерах и оцениваются с точки зрения перспектив их применения в процессе итогового тестирования. В статье перечислены принципы электронного управления и отмечены особенности электронных сервисов в образовательной сфере. В ходе исследования были выявлены функциональность работы официального сайта УЦОКО и мобильного приложения, определены их технические преимущества и недостатки, оценено удобство применения со стороны пользователей, концептуализирована удовлетворенность электронными сервисами. Результаты информационной кампании показали достаточный объем официальных разъяснений процедур ВНО, что говорит о готовности к публичному обсуждению предлагаемых нововведений. В то же время отмечается потребность в независимой оценке со стороны экспертного сообщества для объективного анализа социальных инноваций, сопровождающих итоговое тестирование. Рассмотрение технологии регистрации показало, что автоматизация процедуры оформления документов на порядок увеличила количество шагов для получения государственной услуги, а на организационном этапе половина выпускников несамостоятельно пользовалась предлагаемыми электронными сервисами. В целом, государственные инициативы по оцениванию качества образования опираются на мировые тренды по формированию электронного управления, но в то же время существуют инфраструктурные проблемы и некоторые организационные трудности ВНО.
Semi-conductor Applications to Printed Circuits on Flexible Surfaces
Authors: EKREN Nazmi , SARKIN Ali Samet
Published: July 2022

The most common type of identification system today is RFID. RFID circuits are used as covered with plastic. With the increase in usage areas, it is also used on metal, wood, paper, and plastic product. In this study, the behavior of the same circuit on different surfaces was investigated. The surface impedance and signal reflection coefficients of RFID tag antennas were investigated based on paper, plastic, and textile surfaces. According to the results of the electrical and mechanical tests, the best results in terms of reflectance coefficients and surface impedances of RFID tags are on PET surfaces. The surface impedance and the reflection coefficients were high on paper surfaces. The lowest values were measured on textile surfaces. According to the results, it has been seen that RFID antenna application on plastic, paper, and textile surfaces is possible and usable.
Design Consideration for Active–Only Memcapacitor Emulator Circuits
Authors: ATAR YİLDİZ Hacer , AYDIN Omer
Published: July 2022

In this paper, a simple memcapacitor emulator circuit using only active elements is presented. Instead of using any bulky passive components, the proposed circuit makes use of the intrinsic capacitors of MOSFETs. As a result, the circuit took up significantly less area on the IC environment. In addition, a modification technique is proposed to extend the operating frequency range of the emulator, which might broaden the circuit's application possibilities. Considering the basic non-idealities of the circuit, a more realistic formulation of the memcapacitance value is derived. Detailed simulations utilizing the 0.18 µm CMOS Cadence design tool are used to validate all theoretical aspects as well as the circuit's appropriate functionality.
Is Students’ Autonomy Possible at Contemporary School?
Authors: Polivanova K.N. , Bochaver A.A.
Published: July 2022

The article shows that the modern educational discourse is shifting from discussing the conditions for achieving academic results to analyzing the conditions for the implementation of learning and, more broadly, the life of children and adolescents at school. The question is raised about the importance of analyzing and taking into account the socio-pedagogical conditions for the formation of independence in schoolchildren. Independence is considered as the most important non-objective result of education, non-specific for a traditional school. The condition for the development of independence is the possibility of a trial, a trial action. The school as a social institution is considered within the framework of E. Hoffman’s theory of total institutions. It is argued that the disciplinary practices of the school make horizontal communication “teacher-student/group of children” impossible. The article reveals the insufficiency of reducing educational practices to school practices alone and outline, the processes of enriching the educational space through expanding the access to informal and non-formal education.
Learning Space as a Prerequisite of Agency in Learning Activity
Authors: Ostroverkh O.S.
Published: July 2022

The rapid pace of innovation and the increased quantity of information are affecting the traditional educational routes. Schools are now facing quite a new task: how to teach children to learn. The developmental learning approach of Elkonin and Davidov provides rich experience of solving this task. The paper describes a technology of learning space polarization that promotes learning autonomy in primary school and has been successfully applied in developmental learning classes. We explore the prerequisites of individual learning action formation, the action which is self-motivated, independent and responsible. We also describe three lines of learning autonomy development in students: result, research and product. The paper concludes with a description of the evolution of learning autonomy and its social/institutional forms and relates its stages to certain age periods in the child development.
Formation of Independence in an Early Age Child: Cross-Cultural Aspects
Authors: Shinina T.V. , Morozova I.G. , Nguyen T.L.
Published: July 2022

The article points out the need to record new childhood phenomena as well as to study the influence of parents and significant adults, their communication with the child in the process of interaction on the development of children’s independence in modern reality. Cross-cultural aspects of the formation of child independence in Russia and Vietnam are considered. Also presented are the main results of one assessment from the study on the dynamics of the formation of child independence at the age of 2 years in the process of interaction with the subject and in communication with an adult. Forty-three dyads (mother and child) from Russia and Vietnam took part in the study. The purpose of the study was as follows: to determine the stage of child independence formation by the age of 2 in the process of interaction with the subject and in communication with an adult; to determine the level of social, emotional and adaptive development of children in Russia and Vietnam. The methodological basis of the study is the approach of M.I. Lisina. The study of the child’s communicative signals was carried out in the process of a fifteen-minute parent-child interaction (spontaneous play) using video recording, followed by analysis in the program “The Observer XT-16”. Research methods: 1) assessment of child-parent interaction on the scale “Communicative signals of the child” of the technique “Evaluation of child-parent interaction” [ECPI-II]; 2) assessment of the social and emotional development of the child was carried out according to the Bayley Development Scales-III (BSID-III). The results showed that the level of independence in children from the Russian sample is generally higher than that from the Vietnamese sample. Statistically significant differences were revealed on the scales: “Functions of the pre-learning period” and “Self-care” of the Bailey scale (BSID-III). Children from the Russian sample are in the middle of transition between the second and third stages of the dynamics of child independence development in the process of interaction with the subject and the adult, whereas children from the Vietnamese sample demonstrated a more pronounced repertoire of indicators related to stage 2. Also, in the Russian sample the duration of manifestation of the following indicators significantly dominates: “Sensitivity to the influence of an adult ‘+’” and “Sensitivity to the influence of an adult ‘-’”.
The Northern School of Obstetricians and Gynecologists: the scientific legacy of E-A.Ya. Krassovsky, N.V. Yastrebov, K.F. Slavyansky, and D.O. Ott
Authors: Andreyeva Anna V. , Samburov Gleb O. , Baranov Alexey N. , Revako Pavel P. , Burenkov Gennady M.
Published: July 2022

This article provides information on the Northern School of Obstetricians and Gynecologists established in the city of Arkhangelsk, Russia thanks to the scientific legacy of E.-A.Ya. Krassovsky, N.V. Yastrebov, K.F. Slavyansky, D.O. Ott and V.V. Preobrazhensky. World-famous scientists, as heads of obstetric and gynecological clinics in St. Petersburg, Russia made a huge contribution to the creation and future development of the northernmost medical institute not only in the European Arctic Russia, but also in the world, as well as to the opening of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in 1934. In 2022, the Northern State Medical University (formerly Arkhangelsk State Medical Institute, Arkhangelsk State Medical Academy) is to celebrate its 90th anniversary.
The role of pre-pregnancy care for women with pregestational diabetes mellitus for improving maternal and perinatal outcomes
Authors: Misharina Elena V. , Yarmolinskaya Maria I. , Tiselko Alena V.
Published: July 2022

The occurrence of diabetes mellitus in women before pregnancy (pregestational diabetes mellitus can have various adverse consequences for the mother, fetus, child, and pregnancy. Pregnancy planning in women with pregestational diabetes mellitus significantly improves the outcomes of pregnancy and childbirth. The introduction of diabetes self-control skills, the use of human insulin and insulin analogues, the use of constant subcutaneous insulin infusion and family planning allows for optimal glycemic control in early pregnancy and reduces the incidence of fetal congenital anomalies and perinatal mortality. Lifestyle optimization, weight loss, taking adequate doses of folic acid, discontinuation of teratogenic medications, and quitting smoking are essential components of preconception care. Of significant clinical value is the training of women planning pregnancy at the Diabetes school, training in self-control and insulin therapy skills, consultation with an endocrinologist, an obstetrician-gynecologist, an ophthalmologist, a nephrologist, and a nutritionist.
The aim of this study was to present current data on pre-pregnancy care in patients with pregestational diabetes mellitus and to show its possibilities in reducing the frequency of obstetric and perinatal complications. We analyzed 74 domestic and foreign literature sources using the following databases: PubMed, PubMed Central, Google Scholar, and UpToDate.
Melatonin in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia
Authors: Evsyukova Inna I. , Kvetnoy Igor M.
Published: July 2022

The review presents the results of experimental studies that have revealed the molecular mechanisms underlying implantation and placentation controlled by cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules, hormones, as well as transcription and growth factors, and have indicated the key regulatory and protective role of melatonin. It has been shown that low production of the hormone and lack of its circadian rhythm underlie the disruption of endogenous antioxidant protection and contribute to oxidative stress leading to the development of preeclampsia. The necessity of using melatonin as a neuroimmunoendocrine marker of pathology is emphasized in this review article, which will allow for developing new approaches to its use for the prevention and treatment of preeclampsia, as well as its adverse consequences, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, renal failure, and cardiovascular pathology.
The effectiveness of the Dr. Arabin cervical pessary in the prevention of extreme preterm birth and very preterm birth in twins
Authors: Sargsyan Gabriel S. , Pachuliia Olga V. , Bespalova Olesya N.
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: Multiple pregnancy remains a serious obstetrical problem, as it is a high risk factor for miscarriage/preterm birth at any gestational age. On average, in 54% of patients with twins, pregnancy ends in preterm birth, regardless of the economic situation and the level of perinatal care in the state, and is characterized by high childhood morbidity and mortality.
AIM: The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for spontaneous preterm birth and to evaluate the effectiveness of a cervical pessary in pregnant women with twins and a short cervix.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective, open, randomized cohort study included 91 women with twins, a short cervix (25 according to the L.J. Salomon scale) and a threatened miscarriage / preterm birth in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, who received the Dr. Arabin cervical pessary. We analyzed pregnancy outcomes and identified risk factors for spontaneous preterm birth.
RESULTS: Based on the pregnancy outcomes, all patients were categorized into two main groups after 16 pregnant women with induced preterm birth were excluded from further study. The study was continued by 75 pregnant women, with term birth in 40 (53.3%) women in group I and spontaneous preterm birth in 35 (46.7%) women in group II.
The average period of pregnancy prolongation was statistically different between groups II and I (8.86 4.86 and 12.32 4.38 weeks, p 0.01). The average gestational age of labor initiation was 37.73 0.62 weeks in group I and 34.24 2.08 weeks in group II (p 0.001). We found no extreme preterm birth (22-27 6/7 weeks) in group II, the perinatal mortality of newborns being the highest at this gestational age. Labor at a gestational age of 28-33 6/7 weeks was in 14 (18.67%) women and of 34-36 6/7 weeks in 21 (28.00%) women. The detailed analysis of the course and outcomes of pregnancy and labor in high-risk groups identified two factors that affect the occurrence of spontaneous preterm birth in twin pregnancies: the Bishop score 5 points (p = 0.03579; odds ratio 4.93, 95% confidence interval 1.2319.74) and cervical length on bimanual vaginal examination 20 mm (p = 0.014; odds ratio 4.67, 95% confidence interval 1.4714.82).
CONCLUSIONS: The use of a cervical pessary in the group of pregnant women with twins and at a high risk of spontaneous preterm birth not only allows for prolonging pregnancy and excluding the birth of extremely premature babies, but also reduces the number of spontaneous extreme and very preterm births.
Dominant Lactobacillus spp. in different conditions of vaginal microbiocenosis
Authors: Kalinina Natalia A. , Sulima Anna N. , Rumyantseva Zoya S. , Rybalka Anatoliy N. , Baskakov Petr N. , Voronaya Viktoriya V. , Lyashenko Anastasiya S.
Published: July 2022

The vaginal microbiota is a primary non-specific barrier that protects against various bacterial, viral and fungal pathogens. A normal microflora of the female genital tract is represented by aerobes, facultative and strict anaerobes. Bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus spp. dominate the majority of women of reproductive age. They have high protective properties against other microorganisms. Lactobacillus spp. prevent an excessive reproduction of opportunistic and pathogenic microorganisms in the vaginal biotope due to the synthesis of short-chain acids that maintain the pH value in the normal range. As a rule, one or two species of Lactobacillus spp. dominate in the vaginal biotope, which are responsible for ensuring homeostasis of the vaginal microflora. At the same time, various Lactobacillus spp. differ in their protective properties. L. crispatus is a marker of the stability of the vaginal microflora. With the dominance of this type of lactobacillus, the authors of the studies observed a low risk of bacterial vaginosis, aerobic vaginitis, and unwanted obstetric complications during pregnancy and in assisted reproductive technology protocols, as well as a reduced risk of infection with sexually transmitted infections and human papillomavirus. L. gasseri and L. iners were more often detected in women with intermediate microflora or with dysbiosis. L. iners, unlike L. crispatus, has reduced protective properties and is widespread in dysbiotic conditions of the vaginal microflora. The detection of L. iners can serve as a prognostic sign of the development of pathological conditions of the vaginal microflora.
Once-weekly 2.4 mg Semaglutide for Weight Management in Obesity: A Game Changer?
Authors: Colin Ides M ,   Endocrino-Diabetology Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Régional (CHR) Mons-Hainaut/Groupe Jolimont, Mons, Belgium, Gérard Anne-Catherine ,   Endocrino-Diabetology Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Régional (CHR) Mons-Hainaut/Groupe Jolimont, Mons, Belgium,   Group of Animal Molecular and Cellular Biology, Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology (LIBST), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
Published: July 2022

The treatment of obesity can no longer be reduced to a simplistic view of weight loss. Metabolic adaptation leads to systematic weight regain following weight-loss efforts, and new obesity treatments should therefore aim to induce long-standing double-digit weight loss, and thus improve and even reverse obesity-associated comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes. Until now, only metabolic surgery has been able to achieve such a goal, but this invasive procedure cannot be offered on a large scale. Among the alternatives, lifestyle interventions and drug therapies have often been disappointing. The recent availability of once-weekly subcutaneous 2.4 mg semaglutide (a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist; Wegovy™; Novo Nordisk A/S, Bagsværd, Denmark) has changed the scene, and semaglutide is considered a ‘game changer’ in the treatment of obesity. The results from the phase III STEP (Semaglutide treatment effect in people with obesity) clinical programme have shown that semaglutide provides clinically meaningful and sustained weight loss in ranges much higher than those achieved with previously available pharmacotherapies. These results led to the approval of semaglutide by regulatory authorities as an adjunct to a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity in people with obesity or overweight, with at least one weight-related comorbidity. With data from phase II and III clinical trials showing that newer drugs (i.e. the glucagon-like peptide-1 and gastric inhibitory polypeptide dual receptor agonist tirzepatide and the amylin agonist cagrilintide, either alone or combined) produce a greater sustained weight loss than semaglutide, an upstream ‘weight-centric’ strategy has emerged as a new standard for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Novel Insights Into the Genetic Causes of Short Stature in Children
Authors: Mastromauro Concetta ,   Department of Paediatrics, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy, Chiarelli Francesco ,   Department of Paediatrics, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
Published: July 2022

Short stature is a common reason for consulting a growth specialist during childhood. Normal height is a polygenic trait involving a complex interaction between hormonal, nutritional and psychosocial components. Genetic factors are becoming very important in the understanding of short stature. After exclusion of the most frequent causes of growth failure, clinicians need to evaluate whether a genetic cause might be taken into consideration. In fact, genetic causes of short stature are probably misdiagnosed during clinical practice and the underlying cause of short stature frequently remains unknown, thus classifying children as having idiopathic short stature (ISS). However, over the past decade, novel genetic techniques have led to the discovery of novel genes associated with linear growth and thus to the ability to define new possible aetiologies of short stature. In fact, thanks to the newer genetic advances, it is possible to properly re-classify about 25–40% of children previously diagnosed with ISS. The purpose of this article is to describe the main monogenic causes of short stature, which, thanks to advances in molecular genetics, are assuming an increasingly important role in the clinical approach to short children.
Thyroid Function During and After COVID-19 Infection: A Review
Authors: Çabuk Sabri Artun ,   Yeditepe University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey, Cevher Ayşe Zeynep ,   Yeditepe University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey, Küçükardalı Yaşar ,   Yeditepe University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
Published: July 2022

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can lead to multiorgan dysfunction through pulmonary and systemic inflammation. Infection also affects the thyroid gland directly via cytopathological effects of the virus or indirectly through cytokines, complement systems and coagulation mechanisms. The thyroid gland regulates innate and adaptive immune systems by genomic and nongenomic pathways. During or after SARS-CoV-2 infection, Graves' disease and subacute thyroiditis might be triggered, resulting in hyperthyroidism; alternatively, the effect of the virus on the hypophyseal.hypothalamic axis might cause central hypothyroidism. Severe cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can present with hypoxia, which requires the use of dexamethasone. This can depress basal serum concentrations of 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine. Thyroid function should be monitored when using dexamethasone in patients with COVID-19. This article briefly reviews the direct and indirect effects of SARS-CoV-2 on the thyroid gland and function.
Indian Phenotype Characteristics Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Insights from a Non-interventional Nationwide Registry in India
Authors: Kalra Sanjay ,   Department of Endocrinology, Bharti Hospital, Karnal, India, Mithal Ambrish ,   Department of Endocrinology, Max Healthcare, Saket, India, Zargar Abdul Hamid ,   Centre for Diabetes and Endocrine Care, Gulshan Nagar, Srinagar, India, Sethi Bipin ,   Department of Endocrinology, CARE Super Specialty Hospital & Transplant Centre, Hyderabad, India, Dharmalingam Mala ,   Department of Endocrinology, Ramaiah Medical College, Bengaluru, India, Ghosh Sujoy ,   Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education and Research and Seth Sukhlal Karnani Memorial Hospital, Kolkata, India, Sen Ranjini ,   AstraZeneca Pharma India Ltd, Bengaluru, India
Published: July 2022

Background: Indian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) constitute one-sixth of affected adults globally. Here, we evaluate the association of body mass index (BMI) with body fat percentage (BF%) and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels among patients with T2D in India. Method: This was a cross-sectional Indian registry study across 845 geographically diverse zones between December 2017 and August 2019. Results: Of 37,927 patients, 55.6% were men, with a mean ± standard deviation age of 54.2 ± 11.5 years and HbA1c of 8.3 ± 1.71%. Mean ± standard deviation BMI and BF% were 27.0 ± 4.6 kg/m2 and 32.0 ± 8.0%, respectively. Overall, 15.4% of patients were overweight, and 25.0% were obese. Despite fewer males (20.7%) having BMI-based obesity than females (31.2%), around three-quarters of both sexes had BF%-defined obesity (males 77.2%; females 71.2%). One-third of males (34.6%) and 41.9% of females had BF%-defined obesity despite normal BMI. The association was substantiated by a moderately significant correlation (r=0.51) between BMI and BF% in the overall population (p<0.0001). Conclusion: This pan-India registry presents a real-world reflection of the Asian Indian phenotype: high BF% despite lower BMI in people with T2D. This highlights the importance of primordial and primary prevention, and may guide decisions on the choice of agents for glycaemic control, with a preference for drugs that promote weight loss or are weight neutral.
Current State of Targeted Therapy and Immunotherapy in Advanced Gastric and Gastro-oesophageal Cancers
Authors: Alqahtani Ali ,   Ruesch Center for the Cure of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA,   Medical Oncology Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Yin Chao ,   Ruesch Center for the Cure of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA, Marshall John L ,   Ruesch Center for the Cure of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA, Noel Marcus S ,   Ruesch Center for the Cure of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
Published: July 2022

Gastro-oesophageal cancer (GEC) is one of the world's deadliest forms of cancer. The conventional multi-modality approach to oesophageal cancer includes surgical resection, radiation and chemotherapy. However, due to the often-advanced nature of GEC on diagnosis, the limited efficacy of conventional therapies and the severe side effects of conventional treatments, the reported results are underwhelming. In the pursuit of better systemic therapies, targeted agents have played a vital role in GEC management. Said therapies essentially inhibit pathways such as the human epidermal growth factor receptor-2, vascular endothelial growth factor, epidermal growth factor receptor and programmed death receptor 1/programmed death-ligand 1 (i.e. immunotherapies). This review outlines a clinical summary of the most recent breakthroughs in targeted therapy for GEC and their associated clinical data, including efficacy and safety profiles.
Use of Circulating Tumour DNA to Assess Minimal Residual Disease in Gastrointestinal Cancers
Authors: Mukherji Reetu ,   The Ruesch Center for the Cure of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medstar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA, Alqahtani Ali ,   The Ruesch Center for the Cure of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medstar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA, Winters Harrison D ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Medstar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA, Weinberg Benjamin A ,   The Ruesch Center for the Cure of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medstar Georgetown University ospital, Washington, DC, USA
Published: July 2022

Despite our modern perioperative therapies, many patients with gastrointestinal cancer relapse after surgery. Novel strategies to identify and treat patients at high risk of relapse are needed to improve cancer outcomes. Circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) is a promising, non-invasive biomarker with the potential to identify the earliest signs of cancer relapse. The presence of tumourspecific DNA in the blood in the absence of visualized tumour is suggestive of minimal residual disease and forebodes measurable relapse. Genomic sequencing techniques have advanced over the past few decades, and we have become better able to detect significantly low levels of DNA circulating in the blood from low-volume disease. Numerous studies using various technologies have established ctDNA as a powerful prognostic biomarker for relapse and survival in gastrointestinal cancers. ctDNA has the potential to risk-stratify patients in the postoperative, post-adjuvant and longitudinal settings for therapeutic escalation or de-escalation strategies. It may also capture early tumour dynamics in response to therapeutic intervention. As the multifaceted potential of ctDNA is attracting the attention of researchers, clinicians and patients, many questions remain regarding its use, interpretation and limitations. Here, we discuss the current understanding of ctDNA for minimal residual disease evaluation in gastrointestinal cancers and potential future directions.
Current and Future Therapies for Marginal Zone Lymphoma
Authors: Chilakamarri Nitin ,   Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, USA,   Department of Internal Medicine, Pomona Valley Hospital, Pomona, CA, USA, Olmedo Karla ,   Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, USA, Brem Elizabeth A ,   Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, USA
Published: July 2022

Marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) is an indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma with three subtypes: nodal, extranodal and splenic. Initial therapies can vary based on the subtype of MZL, location of disease and stage of disease. Treatment of MZL in the relapsed refractory (R/R) setting has evolved in recent years with the approvals of Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors, phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitors and an immune modulatory drug, lenalidomide. Questions remain as to how best to use these agents to maximize efficacy and minimize toxicity. In this article, we focus on the management of MZL with currently available agents, particularly in the R/R setting. We also examine the therapies that may further change the treatment paradigm for MZL. Specifically, we discuss the available data for chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapies and CD20–CD3 bispecific antibodies, and consider the limitations and potential benefits of these approaches.
Zanubrutinib for the Treatment of B-cell Malignancies
Authors: Rosenthal Allison ,   Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA, Munoz Javier ,   Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA
Published: July 2022

Selective Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibition is an important therapeutic approach for B-cell malignancies. Ibrutinib, a first-in-class, oral, irreversible BTK inhibitor, has a toxicity profile attributed to off-target inhibition of kinases structurally related to BTK. A highly potent and selective next-generation BTK inhibitor, zanubrutinib, was designed to address intolerance and toxicity concerns associated with ibrutinib. Zanubrutinib provides complete and sustained BTK occupancy in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and lymph nodes, with reduced toxicity compared with ibrutinib. Zanubrutinib received accelerated approval in the USA for patients with previously treated mantle cell lymphoma (2019) and relapsed/refractory (R/R) marginal zone lymphoma (2021) and was approved for Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia (WM) in 2021. Key clinical trials evaluating the efficacy and safety of zanubrutinib include the ASPEN study in patients with WM (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03053440), the ALPINE study in patients with R/R chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) or small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03734016) and the SEQUOIA study in treatment-naïve patients with CLL/SLL with and without del(17p) mutation (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03336333). The more selective BTK binding profile, high potency, favourable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile, and minimal cardiovascular toxicity of zanubrutinib compared with ibrutinib suggest that zanubrutinib may be an important treatment option when prescribed in accordance with guidelines.