bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE LINKAGE BETWEEN CLIMATE CHANGE AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF HUNGARY IN THE ROAD TRANSPORTATION SECTOR
Authors: Tanczos Katalin , Torok Adam
Published: January 2019

The aim of this article is to prove the connection between CO2 emission and climate change, and to estimate the CO2 emission of the transport sector in Hungary. We have to clarify the emission of the transport sector in order to get information on externalities, which is a further step toward a sustainable society. The sustainable development is a development, where the pace of technical development, the satiation of increasing supply and the raw materials and resources of Earth are poised so that the rate of living and opportunities of the next generations need not be worse. One of the most emphasized goals of the transport policy of the European Union is sustainable mobility. For this reason transportation systems must be developed and standardized, the effectiveness of transportation services must be increased, while the environmental pollution must be decreased or prevented. Decoupling motorization from environmental pollution is the task for engineers. Decoupling the increase of economical activity from mobility is the task for economists.
COMPARISON OF HIGH‐SPEED TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS IN SPECIAL CONSIDERATION OF INVESTMENT COSTS
Authors: Schach Rainer , Naumann René
Published: January 2019

In this paper a substantial comparison of different high‐speed transportation systems and an approach to stochastic cost estimations are provided. Starting from the developments in Europe, the high‐speed traffic technical characteristics of high‐speed railways and Maglev systems are compared. But for a comprehensive comparison more criterions must be included and led to a wider consideration and the development of a multi‐criteria comparison of high‐speed transportation systems. In the second part a stochastic approach to cost estimations of infrastructure projects is encouraged. Its advantages in comparison with the traditional proceeding are presented and exemplify the practical implementation.
ANALYSIS OF EMERGENCY BRAKING OF A VEHICLE
Authors: Kudarauskas Nerijus
Published: January 2019

In this paper, braking of cars is analyzed: the analytic formulas for description of the said process and the diagrams for its illustration are provided, its mode of operation when the wheels of the car are not blocked is discussed upon, the most important factors that impact it are described herein. The key indicators of braking (such as the settled deceleration, the braking distance, etc.) are discussed upon and their values corrected in experimental way are provided. Their graphical responses and numerical values recommended for calculations bound up with technical experts’ examination of traffic accidents as well as more specifically defined methodologies for them are provided.
OPTIMIZING MAINTENANCE RELIABILITY PROGRAM FOR SMALL FLEETS
Authors: Marušić Željko , Galović Borivoj , Pita Omer
Published: January 2019

Reliability program is considered to be a very valuable means of achieving better operational performance (through decreased maintenance related problems in operation) and increased flight safety. For this reason, reliability programs are mandated by the regulations for all commercial operators. Depending on the size of the operator, implementation of reliability program can be carried out in various organizational forms. Small fleets represent too small a statistical sample to collect enough information for obtaining statistically significant and accurate data. Therefore usability of reliability program in very small fleets is questionable. The aim of this work is to highlight some problems related to maintenance reliability program for small fleets.
PERSONNEL SUPPLY AND DEMAND FOR CIVIL AVIATORS IN TAIWAN
Authors: Lin Chin-Tsai , Juan Pin-Ju
Published: January 2019

This work was based on data from 2000–2005 provided by the Civil Aeronautics Administration Ministry of Transportation and Communications, and applied the GM (1,1) model of Grey theory to forecast annual demand and supply for civil aviators in Taiwan. This work adopted a five‐year moving average to calculate the transition probability for civil aviators in Taiwan from 2006–2010 considering various levels of seniority. The study results provide a valuable reference for the relevant authorities in identifying the manpower policies of Taiwanese airlines.
IMPROVEMENT OF ROAD SAFETY USING PASSIVE AND ACTIVE INTELLIGENT VEHICLE SAFETY SYSTEMS
Authors: Jarašūnienė Aldona , Jakubauskas Gražvydas
Published: January 2019

Following the measures foreseen in the Transport White Paper 2001, situation of road safety has improved. Road fatalities have declined by more than 17 % since 2001 in the EU. However, with around 41 600 deaths and more than 1.7 million injured in 2005, road remains the least safe mode of transport and objectives to halve the number of fatalities on road by 2010 is most likely not feasible to achieve. Therefore a need for the intelligent vehicle safety systems, that enable to raise the level of road safety, is much higher than ever before.

The Intelligent Vehicle Safety Systems ensure a superior safety on road would it be vehicle‐based or infrastructure‐related systems. These can be divided into passive and active safety applications where the former help people stay alive and uninjured in a crash, while the latter help drivers to avoid accidents. Some of the most promising (e‐call) and the most used (ABS, ESP) systems are analised more specifically in the paper. Possible solutions to deploying intelligent transport systems in Lithuania are also introduced.
MAPPING OF GEOCHEMICAL CONTAMINATION IN URBAN AREAS OF LITHUANIA
Authors: Gregorauskienė Virgilija
Published: January 2019

In Lithuania geochemical mapping of urban areas was started in Vilnius city in 1985. Topsoil, stream sediments, snow cover, manufactory dust and other sampling media are used in ecogeochemical investigations. The aim of investigations is to detect sources of pollution, its geochemical properties and spread of its contamination. Furthermore, a sanitary assessment of urban soil is carried out on the basis of available geochemical data and the soil quality standard of Lithuania HN 60:2004. The soil contamination with heavy metals is estimated according to the highest allowable concentrations (HAC) and the total contamination index Zd which is related to the criteria of human health. At present the geochemical data on soil contamination in the areas of Vilnius, Panevëžys, Mažeikiai, Šiauliai, Alytus, Biržai, Pasvalys, Rokiškis, Kupiškis and other towns are in store of the geochemists of Geological Survey of Lithuania and Institute of Geology and Geography. The soil geochemical background values obtained by geochemical mapping of natural areas are always used for assessment of contaminated urban areas. Part of geochemical background and contamination data is published in Geochemical Atlas of Lithuania. Some geochemical data and soil contamination maps are in use of town municipalities on order and funds of which the geochemical investigations of urban areas were performed. However, geochemical investigations lag behind the planning, development and reclamation projects of urban areas, thus, new dwelling houses are often built on hazardous contaminated sites that may make a threat against human health.
MODELLING OF COUPLED GROUNDWATER FLOW AND RADIONUCLIDE TRANSPORT IN CRYSTALLINE BASEMENT USING FEFLOW 5.0
Authors: Jakimavičiūtė-Maselienė Vaidotė , Mažeika Jonas , Petrošius Rimantas
Published: January 2019

The strategy of radioactive waste management of Lithuania provides for evaluating the possibilities of disposal of spent nuclear fuel and long‐lived radioactive waste originated from Ignalina NPP in deep geological formations. The initial studies performed in Lithuania during 2001–2004 focused on screening of all potentially prospective geological formations as host formations. Since most information is available on crystalline basement, this formation was selected for the model case studies. Taking into account the assumptions (canister defect scenario proposed by Swedish experts and evaluated by LEI experts), groundwater flow and radionuclide (iodine‐129 as mobile and long‐lived one) transport modelling using computer code FEFLOW was performed according to geosphere conditions and parameters characteristic of the southern part of Lithuania (0,8×0,6×0,52 km far‐field block). The upward groundwater flow through defected canister located in tectonically damaged zone was simulated. The main results of calculations are the following: in the case of upward groundwater flow, the maximum I‐129 volumetric activity in single tectonic fracture above defected canister will not exceed 1 Bq/1, and in the active water exchange zone, it is close to 10−2 Bq/l. These figures show that doses obtained by human recipient via aquatic pathway should be below the dose constraint (0,2 mSv/y). More complicated scenarios and assumptions should be investigated in future studies.
WHAT HINDERS THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHINESE CONTINUING CARE RETIREMENT COMMUNITY SECTOR? A NEWS COVERAGE ANALYSIS
Authors: Hu Xin , Xia Bo , Hu Yi , Skitmore Martin , Buys Laurie
Published: January 2019

The continuing care retirement community (CCRC) is an emerging institutional living arrangement for the increasing number of older Chinese and has attracted a variety of investors from different sectors in China. However, the development of this sector is still in its infancy and encounters various barriers. This paper aims to explore what hinders the development of the Chinese CCRC industry based on a comprehensive content analysis of news coverage retrieved from 14 major Chinese portal websites. Twenty-one barriers are identified, and they are closely related to the development and operation of CCRCs, government policies and industry management, and potential and current customers. Of all the barriers, the high risks involved in the delivery of CCRCs, lack of policy support, and affordability issue are the most frequently mentioned barriers relating to CCRC development and operation, government policies and industry management, and customers, respectively. These identified barriers call for close collaboration cross various CCRC stakeholders in order to ensure healthy development of the Chinese CCRC industry in the future. This study systemically explores the barriers hindering the development of the burgeoning Chinese CCRC sector, and its findings will benefit CCRC stakeholders and the Chinese CCRC industry in a number of ways.
High-resolution Transit Spectroscopy of Warm Saturns
Authors: Deibert Emily K. , de Mooij Ernst J. W. , Jayawardhana Ray , Fortney Jonathan J. , Brogi Matteo , Rustamkulov Zafar , Tamura Motohide
Published: January 2019

We present high-resolution optical transmission spectroscopy of two sub-Saturn mass transiting exoplanets, HAT-P-12b and WASP-69b. With relatively low densities and high atmospheric scale heights, these planets are particularly well-suited to characterization through transit spectroscopy, and serve as ideal candidates for extending previously tested methods to lower planetary masses. Using a single transit for each planet, we take advantage of the Doppler cross-correlation technique to search for sodium, potassium, and water absorption features. Our analysis reveals a likely (3.2σ) detection of sodium absorption features in the atmosphere of HAT-P-12b, and enables us to place constraints on the presence of alkaline and molecular species in the atmospheres of both planets. With our results, we highlight the efficacy of ground-based campaigns for characterizing exoplanetary atmospheres and pave the way for future analyses of low-mass planets.
Two Circumstellar Nebulae Discovered with the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explore and Their Massive Central Stars
Authors: Gvaramadze Vasilii V. , Kniazev Alexei Yu. , Castro Norberto , Grebel Eva K.
Published: January 2019

We report the discovery of two mid-infrared nebulae in the northern hemisphere with the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer and the results of optical spectroscopy of their central stars, BD+60° 2668 (composed of two components, separated from each other by ≈3 arcsec) and ALS 19653, with the Calar Alto 3.5 m telescope and the Southern African Large Telescope (SALT), respectively. We classify the components of BD+60° 2668 as stars of spectral types B0.5 II and B1.5 III. ALS 19653 is indicated in the SIMBAD database as a planetary nebula, while our observations show that it is a massive B0.5 Ib star, possibly in a binary system. Using the stellar atmosphere code fastwind, we derived fundamental parameters of the three stars as well as their surface element abundances, implying that all of them are either on the main sequence or only recently left it. This provides further evidence that massive stars can produce circumstellar nebulae while they are still relatively unevolved. We also report the detection of optical counterparts to the mid-infrared nebulae and a second, more extended optical nebula around ALS 19653, and present the results of SALT spectroscopy of both nebulae associated with this star. The possible origin of the nebulae is discussed.
An Excess of Jupiter Analogs in Super-Earth Systems
Authors: Bryan Marta L. , Knutson Heather A. , Lee Eve J. , Fulton B. J. , Batygin Konstantin , Ngo Henry , Meshkat Tiffany
Published: January 2019

We use radial velocity (RV) observations to search for long-period gas giant companions in systems hosting inner super-Earth (1–4 R
⊕, 1–10 M
⊕) planets to constrain formation and migration scenarios for this population. We consistently refit published RV data sets for 65 stars and find nine systems with statistically significant trends indicating the presence of an outer companion. We combine these RV data with AO images to constrain the masses and semi-major axes of these companions. We quantify our sensitivity to the presence of long-period companions by fitting the sample with a power-law distribution and find an occurrence rate of 39% ± 7% for companions 0.5–20 M
Jup and 1–20 au. Half of our systems were discovered by the transit method, and half were discovered by the RV method. While differences in the RV baselines and number of data points between the two samples lead to different sensitivities to distant companions, we find that occurrence rates of gas giant companions in each sample are consistent at the 0.5σ level. We compare the frequency of Jupiter analogs in these systems to the equivalent rate from field star surveys and find that Jupiter analogs are more common around stars hosting super-Earths. We conclude that the presence of outer gas giants does not suppress the formation of inner super-Earths, and that these two populations of planets instead appear to be correlated. We also find that the stellar metallicities of systems with gas giant companions are higher than those without companions, in agreement with the well-established metallicity correlation from RV surveys of field stars.
Observations of Binary Stars with the Differential Speckle Survey Instrument. VIII. Measures of Metal-poor and Triple Stars from 2015 to 2018
Authors: Horch Elliott P. , Tokovinin Andrei , Weiss Samuel A. , Löbb János , Casetti-Dinescu Dana I. , Granucci Nicole M. , Hess Nicole M. , Everett Mark E. , van Belle Gerard T. , Winters Jennifer G. , Nusdeo Daniel A. , Henry Todd J. , Howell Steve B. , Teske Johanna K. , Hirsch Lea A. , Scott Nicholas J. , Matson Rachel A. , Kane Stephen R.
Published: January 2019

We present 248 speckle observations of 43 binary and 19 trinary star systems chosen to make progress in two main areas of investigation: the fundamental properties of metal-poor stars and star formation mechanisms. The observations were taken at the Gemini North and South telescopes during the period 2015 July to 2018 April, mainly with the Differential Speckle Survey Instrument but also with a few early results from the new ’Alopeke speckle camera at Gemini North. We find that the astrometry and photometry of these observations as a whole are consistent with previous work at Gemini. We present five new visual orbits for systems important in understanding metal-poor stars, three of which have orbital periods of less than 4 yr, and we indicate the degree to which these and future observations can impact our knowledge of stellar properties and star formation. In particular, we find a decrease in mass at fixed spectral type for metal-poor stars versus their solar-metallicity analogs that is consistent with predictions that are made from current stellar models.
Ocean Dynamics and the Inner Edge of the Habitable Zone for Tidally Locked Terrestrial Planets
Authors: Yang Jun , Abbot Dorian S. , Koll Daniel D. B. , Hu Yongyun , Showman Adam P.
Published: January 2019

Recent studies have shown that ocean dynamics can have a significant warming effect on the permanent night sides of 1:1 tidally locked terrestrial exoplanets with Earth-like atmospheres and oceans in the middle of the habitable zone. However, the impact of ocean dynamics on the habitable zone boundaries (inner edge and outer edge) is still unknown and represents a major gap in our understanding of this type of planet. Here, we use a coupled atmosphere–ocean global climate model to show that planetary heat transport from the day to nightside is dominated by the ocean at lower stellar fluxes and by the atmosphere near the inner edge of the habitable zone. This decrease in oceanic heat transport at high stellar fluxes is mainly due to weakening of surface wind stress and a decrease in surface shortwave energy deposition. We further show that ocean dynamics have almost no effect on the observational thermal phase curves of planets near the inner edge of the habitable zone. For planets in the habitable zone middle range, ocean dynamics move the hottest spot on the surface eastward from the substellar point. These results suggest that future studies of the inner edge may devote computational resources to atmosphere-only processes such as clouds and radiation. For studies of the middle range and outer edge of the habitable zone, however, fully coupled ocean–atmosphere modeling will be necessary. Note that due to computational resource limitations, only one rotation period (60 Earth days) has been systematically examined in this study; future work with varying rotation periods, as well as other parameters such as atmospheric mass and composition, is required.
The Radio/X-Ray Correlation in X-Ray Binaries—Insights from a Hard X-Ray Perspective
Authors: Koljonen Karri I. I. , Russell David M.
Published: January 2019

The radio/X-ray correlation is one of the most important pieces of observational evidence of the disk–jet connection in accreting compact objects. However, a growing number of X-ray binaries (XRB) seem to present deviations from the universal radio/X-ray correlation, and the origin of these outliers are still very much debated. In previous studies, the X-ray bolometric luminosity used in the radio/X-ray correlation has been estimated using a narrow, soft X-ray band. We study how estimating the X-ray bolometric luminosity using broadband observations of XRB affects the radio/X-ray correlation. We found that the ratio between the broadband (3–200 keV) and narrowband (3–9 keV) luminosities varies between 5 and 10 in the hard X-ray state. Overall, the resulting radio/X-ray correlation slopes and normalizations did not present a very significant change, suggesting that they are not affected greatly by observational biases but are caused by real physical effects. We found that all sources that reach high enough luminosity change their correlation slopes from the universal slope to a much steeper one. In addition, sources in the steeper radio/X-ray track show a distinct cutoff in the high-energy X-ray spectrum at tens of keV. These results suggest that the accretion flow presents a morphological change at a certain critical luminosity during the outburst rise from radiatively inefficient to radiatively efficient flow that is in turn more efficient in cooling the hot accretion flow producing the hard X-ray emission. This change could also affect to the jet launching properties in these systems.
Evolution of a Magnetic Flux Rope toward Eruption
Authors: Wang Wensi , Zhu Chunming , Qiu Jiong , Liu Rui , Yang Kai E. , Hu Qiang
Published: January 2019

It is well accepted that a magnetic flux rope (MFR) is a critical component of many coronal mass ejections (CMEs), yet how it evolves toward eruption remains unclear. Here we investigate the continuous evolution of a pre-existing MFR, which is rooted in strong photospheric magnetic fields and electric currents. The evolution of the MFR is observed by the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO) and the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) from multiple viewpoints. From STEREO’s perspective, the MFR starts to rise slowly above the limb five hours before it erupts as a halo CME on 2012 June 14. In SDO observations, conjugate dimmings develop on the disk, simultaneously with the gradual expansion of the MFR, suggesting that the dimmings map the MFR’s feet. The evolution comprises a two-stage gradual expansion followed by another stage of rapid acceleration/eruption. Quantitative measurements indicate that magnetic twist of the MFR increases from 1.0 ± 0.5 to 2.0 ± 0.5 turns during the five-hour expansion, and further increases to about 4.0 turns per astronomical unit (au) when detected as a magnetic cloud at 1 au two days later. In addition, each stage is preceded by flare(s), implying reconnection is actively involved in the evolution and eruption of the MFR. The implications of these measurements on the CME initiation mechanisms are discussed.
Theoretical Predictions of Colors and Metallicity of the Intracluster Light
Authors: Contini E. , Yi S. K. , Kang X.
Published: January 2019

We study the colors and metallicities of the brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) and intracluster light (ICL) in galaxy groups and clusters, as predicted by a semi-analytic model of galaxy formation, coupled with a set of high-resolution N-body simulations. The model assumes stellar stripping and violent relaxation processes during galaxy mergers to be the main channels for the formation of the ICL. We find that BCGs are more metal-rich and redder than the ICL, at all redshifts once the ICL starts to form (z ∼ 1). In good agreement with several observed data, our model predicts negative radial metallicity and color gradients in the BCG+ICL system. By comparing the typical colors of the ICL with those of satellite galaxies, we find that the mass and metals in the ICL come from galaxies of different mass, depending on the redshift. Stripping of low-mass galaxies,

, is the most important contributor in the early stages of ICL formation, but the bulk of the mass/metals contents are given by intermediate/massive galaxies,

, at lower redshift. Our analysis supports the idea that stellar stripping is more important than galaxy mergers in building up the ICL, and highlights the importance of colors/metallicity measurements for understanding the formation and evolution of the ICL.
A Quantification of the Butterfly Effect in Cosmological Simulations and Implications for Galaxy Scaling Relations
Authors: Genel Shy , Bryan Greg L. , Springel Volker , Hernquist Lars , Nelson Dylan , Pillepich Annalisa , Weinberger Rainer , Pakmor Rüdiger , Marinacci Federico , Vogelsberger Mark
Published: January 2019

We study the chaotic-like behavior of cosmological simulations by quantifying how minute perturbations grow over time and manifest as macroscopic differences in galaxy properties. When we run pairs of “shadow” simulations that are identical except for random minute initial displacements to particle positions (e.g., of order

), the results diverge from each other at the individual galaxy level (while the statistical properties of the ensemble of galaxies are unchanged). After cosmological times, the global properties of pairs of “shadow” galaxies that are matched between the simulations differ from each other, generally at a level of ∼2–25%, depending on the considered physical quantity. We perform these experiments using cosmological volumes of

evolved either purely with dark matter, or with baryons and star formation but no feedback, or else using the full feedback model of the IllustrisTNG project. The runs cover four resolution levels spanning a factor of 512 in mass. We find that, without feedback, the differences between shadow galaxies generally become smaller as the resolution increases—but with the IllustrisTNG model, the results mostly converge toward a “floor.” This hints at the role of feedback in setting the chaotic properties of galaxy formation. Importantly, we compare the macroscopic differences between shadow galaxies to the overall scatter in various galaxy scaling relations, and conclude that, for the star formation-mass and the Tully–Fisher relations, the butterfly effect in our simulations contributes significantly to the overall scatter. We find that our results are robust to whether random numbers are used in the subgrid models or not. We discuss the implications for galaxy formation theory in general and for cosmological simulations in particular.
The Extended Flare in CTA 102 in 2016 and 2017 within a Hadronic Model through Cloud Ablation by the Relativistic Jet
Authors: Zacharias M. , Böttcher M. , Jankowsky F. , Lenain J.-P. , Wagner S. J. , Wierzcholska A.
Published: January 2019

The flat-spectrum radio quasar CTA 102 (redshift 1.037) exhibited a tremendously bright four-month-long outburst from late 2016 to early 2017. In a previous paper, we interpreted the event as the ablation of a gas cloud by the relativistic jet. The multiwavelength data have been reproduced very well within this model using a leptonic emission scenario. Here we expand that work by using a hadronic scenario, which gives us greater freedom with respect to the location of the emission region within the jet. This is important, since the inferred gas cloud parameters depend on the distance from the black hole. While the hadronic model faces the problem of invoking super-Eddington jet luminosities, it reproduces well the long-term trend and also days-long subflares. While the latter result in inferred cloud parameters that match those expected for clouds of the broad-line region, the long-term trend is not compatible with such an interpretation. We explore the possibilities that the cloud is from the atmosphere of a red giant star or comes from a star-forming region that passes through the jet. The latter could also explain the much longer-lasting activity phase of CTA 102 from late 2015 until early 2018.
Une famille dans l’église
Authors: Portilla Ana
Published: January 2019

Cet article s’intéresse aux manières dont les immigrés de classes populaires et sans statut légal acquièrent et entretiennent des relations après la migration. L’enquête ethnographique, qui porte sur un groupe de fidèles d’une petite église évangélique en Californie, montre que la participation aux sociabilités de l’église est relativement coûteuse et demande un véritable travail d’entretien des relations. Différentes manières d’appartenir au groupe coexistent ensuite et n’ont pas les mêmes effets sur les trajectoires de ces hommes et femmes installés depuis plusieurs années aux États-Unis, pour qui le capital social aide à pallier les multiples obstacles liés à leur statut. Ainsi le franc succès des églises évangéliques auprès des immigrés de classes populaires ne saurait s’expliquer simplement par le rattachement à une « communauté » culturelle et religieuse. Une approche par le capital social permet d’appréhender le reclassement social post-migratoire que permet ce type d’instances d’encadrement.
Diagnostic et perspective clinique sont-ils compatibles ?
Authors: Andronikof Anne
Published: January 2019

Un psychologue clinicien peut-il, doit-il, poser un diagnostic à l’issue de l’examen psychologique d’un enfant ? Ou doit-on plutôt considérer que la notion de diagnostic est incompatible avec une perspective clinique ? L’auteur développe une réflexion sur ce thème en distinguant plusieurs acceptions du terme : diagnostic nosologique, diagnostic de structure et psychodiagnostic, et en établissant une différence entre bilan et examen psychologique. Contrairement au diagnostic psychiatrique, qui consiste à mettre un nom générique aux troubles ou difficultés que présente un enfant, le psychodiagnostic consiste à re-personnaliser cet enfant en montrant les particularités et potentialités de son fonctionnement psychologique au sein de sa dynamique de développement et dans son contexte de vie.
Retaining Men in Nursing Programs Designed for Women
Authors: Brady Marilyn S , Sherrod Dennis R
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Men continue to represent a small percentage of the nursing workforce. Along with concerns regarding the nursing shortage are concerns that nursing should reflect the racial, ethnic, and gender characteristics of the population it serves. The purpose of this article is to raise awareness of the challenges male nursing students face and offer strategies to retain these students in educational programs traditionally designed for women.
Treatment of retained encrusted ureteral Double-J stent
Authors: Alnadhari Ibrahim , Alwan Mohammed Ahmed , Salah Morshed Ali , Ghilan Abdulelah M.
Published: January 2019

Objectives: We conducted this study to evaluate patients with retained encrusted ureteral stents, identify the predisposing factors and present our experience in the management of such challenging problem. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was carried out in the period from May 2007 to February 2011 at the Urology and Nephrology Center, Al-Thawra General Hospital, Sana’a, Yemen. 40 patients with retained encrusted ureteric stents were treated at our center. All patients were initially evaluated with a radiographic imaging for assessment of stent encrustation and stone burden. Treatment decisions were based on the site and severity of encrustations in the renal pelvis, ureter and bladder and on our technical situation and availability of instrumentations. Multi-modal approaches ranging from extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) to endourological and open urologic procedures were used to achieve stent removal. Results: A total of 90 urological procedures were performed to render all 40 patients stent and stone free. The average duration of stent remained indwelling was 24.2 months (range 4 months -16 years). All patients were managed either by minimally or more invasive multi-modal endourological approaches. For upper coil encrustation percutaneous nephrolithotripsy was performed in eight patients, pyelolithotomy in two patients and ESWL in three patients. Encrustation of the body was treated initially by ESWL, followed by retrograde ureteroscopic manipulation in 12 patients. Lower coil encrustation was successfully managed by cystolitholapaxy in seven patients and one patient required cystolithotomy. Cystolithotomy, pyelolithotomy and ureterolithotomy were carried out in two patients. Two patients who had large burden bladder and kidney stones with loss of kidney function underwent nephrectomy and cystolithotomy. Conclusions: The retrieval of severely encrusted retained ureteral stent and its associated stone burden poses a real management challenge for urologists due to the need for multimodal procedures and the lack of standardized treatment plan.
Richard Dawkins, Philip Kennedy and the Augustinian paradigm of Christianity
Authors: Spangenberg Izak J.J.
Published: January 2019

Both Richard Dawkins’s book The God Delusion and Philip Kennedy’s book A Modern Introduction to Theology: New Questions for Old Beliefs were published in 2006. This article aims to compare the two books and to argue that Kennedy does not oppose Dawkins’s views but, in fact, debates along similar lines. Kennedy is adamant that the Augustinian paradigm of Christianity no longer makes sense, because it is based on an outdated cosmology and anthropology. He firmly maintains that Christianity requires a new paradigm, which is informed by our current knowledge and worldview. Thomas Kuhn’s ideas of paradigm and paradigm changes in the history of natural sciences are utilised in comparing the books, seeing that Dawkins accepts and works within the Darwinian paradigm of evolutionary biology, and Kennedy argues that Christians and Christian theologians adhere to the Augustinian paradigm of Fall-Redemption-Judgement. It is argued that Dawkins should have referred to the paradigm change in the study of the Bible, which occurred towards the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries, and the plea of theologians, like Kennedy, for a paradigm change in theology. The article concludes that only a paradigm change in Christianity, which is in line with the modern worldview, will enable Christians to keep the tradition alive.
Communicating meaningfully with Muslims: Analysing the Melkite language shift in the light of Christian-Muslim relations in Northern Nigeria
Authors: Buys Phillipus J. , Nwokoro Samuel
Published: January 2019

The Melkites were one of the eastern Christian communities that came under Islamic rule following the Arab conquests. To stay in conversation with their Muslim codebaters and political leaders, the Melkites were the first among the Christian groups in the East to have their theological works appear in Arabic. One of the eras of rich interfaith exchange in the history of Christian-Muslim interaction came from this period. Today, Nigerian Christians exhibit a rising level of Islamophobia due to violent Islamic practices that have gone on in recent times. It is equally true that Muslims may have their levels of suspicion about Christians in the country. In any case, the Melkite-Muslim interfaith history indicates that there could not be a more critical time for differing faith groups to stay in communication than a period of sustained tension. Keeping this in mind, what could Nigerian Christians, in a time of interreligious relational strain, learn from the Melkites about interfaith communication? This article provides an answer to this question by drawing on lessons in the evaluation of the strategic use of the Arabic language by eastern Christian-Muslim communities of late antiquity (7th to the 10th century).
The impersonalisation of God? A theological analysis of the expression of the power of God’s kingdom among Zimbabwean Pentecostal prophets
Authors: Banda Collium
Published: January 2019

How can the expression of the power of God’s kingdom in the ministry and teaching of some Zimbabwean Pentecostal prophets be evaluated from the doctrinal perspective of the personality of God? The article analyses the expression of the power of God’s kingdom among some Zimbabwean Pentecostal prophets from the perspective of the doctrine of the personality of God. The article observes that, although Pentecostal prophets in Zimbabwe claim to be empowered by the kingdom of God, they tend, nonetheless, to project an impersonalised view of the power at work in the kingdom. It is argued that the impersonalisation of the power of God leads the prophets to commodify the kingdom into something that can be controlled by a person’s religiosity. Consequently, the article describes the Pentecostal prophets’ understanding of themselves as special agents of God’s kingdom. It further argues that the impersonalisation of the power of God’s kingdom leads the Pentecostal prophets in commodifying the kingdom of God by reducing it to something that can only be accessed through them. The article closes by examining how a biblically derived understanding of the personality of the God of the kingdom can assist in discouraging the common impersonalisation of the power of God’s kingdom among some Zimbabwean Pentecostal prophets.
Discrete modeling of ion transport and crystallization in layered porous media during drying
Authors: Rahimi Arman , Metzger T. , Kharaghani A. , Tsotsas E.
Published: January 2019

In this work, an isothermal pore network model has been utilized to investigate ion transport and crystallization in layerd porous media during drying. Said network consists of two distinct layers each  with a different pore size distribution. One-dimensional approximation at the throat level describes transport phenomena for liquid, vapor, and dissolved salt. An explicit time stepping scheme has been used to obtain fluid pressure fields and ion concentration. Various simulations are carried out which indicate the effect of mean pore size disparity in the top and bottom layer, as well as the effect of drying rate on final crystal distribution.   Keywords: pore network modeling, composite material, drying porous media, crystallization, ion transport.
A história do Duo Pantharei: em memória de Wilton
Authors: Basbaum Sergio
Published: January 2019

O artigo busca, em estilo memorialista, reconstruir a trajetória do trabalho realizado pelo Duo Pantharei, formado pelos artistas Wilton Azevedo e Sérgio Basbaum, entre os anos 2012 a 2015. O objetivo é registrar, fazer um balanço do trabalho realizado pelo duo, e homenagear o poeta, professor e artista multimídia Wilton Azevedo (1956-2016). Ao fazer a reconstituição deste percurso, questões teóricas, formais e afetivas, se confundem, e portanto o artigo questiona os limites dos procedimentos formais da razão, na geração de conhecimento. O percurso do duo é dividido em 4 etapas, de seu início, em 2012, à ultima apresentação do Pantharei, em Alcalá La Real, na Espanha, em 2015.
Wilton Azevedo, o signo expandido
Authors: De Sales Cristiano
Published: January 2019

Isto não é um artigo. Não reflete o resultado de uma pesquisa, embora relate a convivência com Wilton Azevedo, uma personalidade com a qual tive o prazer de fazer pesquisas e travar amizade. Falo aqui de como foi trabalhar e trocar experiências com esse artista, intelectual e amigo, cujas heranças transbordam a vida acadêmica e seguem influenciando muitas de minhas escolhas profissionais e pessoais.
A Armação Baleeira de Garopaba: sua justa dimensão
Authors: De Souza João Pacheco , Meira Roberta Barros
Published: January 2019

Este texto se propõe a discutir a Armação Baleeira de Garopaba, pertencente ao complexo de armações construídas e exploradas no Brasil entre os séculos XVII e XIX.  Privilegia aspectos relacionados à fundação e à estrutura da Armação, isto é, um sistema organizado de caça da baleia, produção e distribuição de óleo que desempenhou um papel ativo no processo de formação do município de Garopaba. A análise que se segue considera não só a importância econômica da produção do óleo da baleia, mas enfatiza o seu papel primordial ao imprimir um ritmo próprio à economia de algumas regiões coloniais. Nesse sentido, pretende-se dialogar com a historiografia existente, ressaltando a pouco discutida relação entre as armações e a instalação de uma sucessão regular de centros povoados, que se mantinham no litoral catarinense.
Occupational Therapy Interventions for Children and Youth With Challenges in Sensory Integration and Sensory Processing: A Clinic-Based Practice Case Example
Authors: Parham L. Diane , Clark Gloria Frolek , Watling Renee , Schaaf Roseann
Published: January 2019

Evidence Connection articles provide case examples of how practice decisions may be informed by findings of systematic reviews sponsored by the American Occupational Therapy Association (AOTA) Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) Project. This Evidence Connection article describes a case report of a child with a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder who has difficulties in function and participation related to challenges in sensory integration. This article is the first in a two-part series, and it focuses on occupational therapy provided to the child by a clinic-based therapist in collaboration with the child’s school-based occupational therapist. Part 2 in this series will describe the same child’s intervention by the school-based therapist. Intervention decisions are informed by findings of systematic reviews of intervention effectiveness that were part of an AOTA EBP Project addressing occupational therapy interventions for children and youth with challenges in sensory integration and sensory processing.
The influence of leg positioning on the appearance and quantification of 1H magnetic resonance muscle spectra obtained from calf muscle
Authors: Pasanta Duanghathai , Tungjai Montree , Kothan Suchart
Published: January 2019

Purpose

To study proton magnetic resonance spectra (1H-MRS) of the muscle metabolite of a leg muscle in neutral (NEU), internal rotation (INT), and external rotation (EXT) leg positioning.

Material and methods

The volunteers were selected for this study. The tibialis anterior (TA), soleus (SOL), and gastrocnemius (GAS) muscles of a non-dominate leg were determined by using single-voxel spectroscopy 8 × 8 × 20 mm3 in size. 1H-MRS measurements were performed on a 1.5-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner.

Results

The results showed that metabolite spectrum of muscle in each NEU, INT, and EXT of leg positioning were not similar. Additionally, the quantification of IMCL (CH3) and EMCL (CH3) is significantly different in SOL.

Conclusions

Our study showed that leg positioning influences the appearance and quantification of 1H-MRS in the calf muscle. Hence, it is necessary to pay close attention to positioning because it interferes with spectral fitting and quantification.
Caseous calcification of the mitral annulus – the complementary role of computed tomography and transthoracic echocardiogram
Authors: Michałowska Ilona , Szymański Piotr , Kwiatek Paweł , Spałek Michał , Furmanek Mariusz , Zieliński Piotr , Kochańska Sara , Lipczyńska Magdalena
Published: January 2019

Purpose

Caseous calcification is a relatively uncommon variant of calcification of the mitral annulus. The purpose of the study was to assess characteristic radiological features of caseous calcification of the mitral annulus (CCMA) using computed tomography (CT) and compare the usefulness of CT and transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) in a diagnosis of CCMA.

Material and methods

Seventeen patients with CCMA, who underwent TTE and CT, were analysed. The following features of CCMA were evaluated: location, size, attenuation, enhancement after contrast administration, and margins.

Results

In all cases TTE visualised an echo-dense structure with an irregular appearance involving the mitral valve annulus. In five cases the acoustic shadowing artefact was visible, and in four cases the mass contained central areas of echolucency. Eleven patients had valve disease.
On CT CCMA appeared as a round mass in one case, in 10 cases as an oval mass, and in six patients it had a semilunar shape.
In all cases on unenhanced CT, CCMA appeared as a hyperdense mass. On enhanced CT, CCMA in 10 cases (58.8%) had a hypodense centre, and in 7seven (41.2%) it had a hyperdense centre without enhancement after contrast administration. A hyperdense rim was observed in all cases except one patient.

Conclusions

In cases of the atypical appearance of CCMA on TTE, CT can lead to a definitive diagnosis. The combination of unenhanced CT and after IV contrast administration scans allows for recognition and distinction of CCMA from other pathologies, while TTE allows for assessment of additional valve dysfunction.
Clinicopathological and morphological spectrum of gastrointestinal stromal tumours on multi-detector computed tomography
Authors: Mathew Rishi Philip , Xavier Joseph Vinod , Babukumar Sandeep M. , Basti Ram Shenoy , Suresh Hadihally B.
Published: January 2019

Introduction

To describe the clinicopathological and morphological features of gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) on multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT).

Material and methods

MDCT (plain and post contrast) images of 25 confirmed cases of GISTs were retrospectively evaluated from our hospital database. The images were analysed for the location, size, growth pattern, attenuation pattern, relation to adjacent structures, presence or absence of ulceration, calcification, metastases, lymphadenopathy, and for any complications such as haemorrhage, intestinal obstruction, etc. Institutional Ethics Committee clearance was obtained prior to the commencement of the study. Statistics used included percentage frequency.

Results

Our study group comprised 14 males and 11 females. The mean age of our study population was 60 years (age range: 40 to 82 years). The mean tumour size was 11.7 cm. The stomach and small bowel accounted for 76% of the primary tumour site. The commonest imaging appearance of GIST observed in our study was that of an exophytic mass (76%) with a heterogenous pattern of enhancement (96%) with intratumoural necrosis (76%). MDCT demonstrated complications in three patients (12%). Six patients presented with metastatic foci (five to the liver and one to the lung), while lymphadenopathy was observed in five patients (20%). Associated complications included intestinal obstruction (8%) and retrogastric haematoma (4%). Incidental findings included uterine fibroid (n = 1), ovarian dermoid (n = 1), and chronic pancreatitis (n = 1).

Conclusions

GISTs are predominantly large tumours with a well circumscribed and exophytic pattern on MDCT, with or without cystic/necrotic areas, and they mostly show a heterogenous pattern of enhancement on post-contrast administration.
Anjos planetários e o mundo sublunar: Trithemius, astrologia e política nos séculos XV e XVI
Authors: Souza de Mendonça Júnior Francisco De Paula
Published: January 2019

Discutiremos as relações entre esoterismo e política na transição do século XV para o século XVI, na Alemanha de Maximiliano I (1459-1519), imperador do Sacro Império-Romano Germânico. Analisaremos a obra do abade alemão Johannes Trithemius (1462-1512) chamada De septem secunda Deis id est intelligentiis sive spiritibus orbes post deum moventibus, produto dos seus anos finais de vida. Ao analisar tal fonte, investigaremos a relação que o abade fez entre o reino supralunar e o reino sublunar, ou seja, como ele pensava a dinâmica entre ideias esotéricas e práticas políticas, após já carregar a pecha de demonomago há alguns anos. Dessa forma, acreditamos contribuir para ampliar o olhar sobre o complexo cenário das relações políticas no período marcado pela passagem do regimen medieval para a Razão de Estado.
Una experiencia plástica desde mi cotidianidad vinculada a los Diablos Danzantes de Yare
Authors: Morgado Delgado Carlos José
Published: January 2019

Este artigo aborda uma experiência de plástico da minha vida diária ligada aos Diabos Dançantes de Yare (parte da festa de Corpus Christi, declarado como património cultural imaterial da Humanidade pela Unesco, 12.06.2012,). De minhas visões, crenças e percepções presentes no meu trabalho pictórico, descobertas da experiência vividas a partir da década de 1960 até o presente. Esta autobiografia foi localizada na cidade de São Francisco de Yare, grande palco ligado a estudos relacionados ao patrimônio imaterial. Importante, as complexidades formalizada e pesquisa orientada, aqui eu embarquei, são transformadas em identidades que são expressas a partir do imaterial ao rito, mito, sincretismo, causando euforia e as emoções transmitidas através da lona no espaço e época de Corpus Christi na enunciação pictórica como autor. A contribuição teórica foi destinado para desenhar nesta pesquisa é orientada para a expansão de uma realidade pictórica sociocultural e histórico pouco abordado na Venezuela, emergindo da minha experiência como associado e ator social, identificar-me como parte desta manifestação mítico-religiosa.
Aproximación a la estética indígena
Authors: Galindez Luis
Published: January 2019

Para a compreensão deste artigo, é importante expor algumas reflexões históricas sobre a estética, começando com uma breve síntese da filosofia estética ocidental. Depois de considerar os critérios eurocêntricos de dominação estética, as ideias sobre o pensamento latino-americano e a estética dos povos indígenas na Venezuela são abordadas. Finalmente, importantes valorações artísticas latino-americanas, bem como interessantes contribuições da arte contemporânea na Venezuela, caso Mito de Amalivaca. A estética indígena como objeto de conhecimento sensível, dentro de práticas sociais (mítico-simbólicas), estimula o interesse por a re-existência e visibilização de nossos povos nativos.