bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análise das vulnerabilidades socioeconômica, ambiental e às secas no Município de Várzea, PB
Authors: Maia Eleide Leite , Souto Jacob Silva , Souto Patrícia Carneiro , Dantas Jussara Silva
Published: January 2025

O diagnóstico das vulnerabilidades às quais as populações estão expostas constitui um elemento essencial para a avaliação e análise de riscos e impactos, além do desenvolvimento de estratégias de gestão que possibilitem sustentabilidade dos recursos naturais e qualidade de vida. Este trabalho teve como objetivo diagnosticar as vulnerabilidades social, econômica, tecnológica, ambiental e as relacionadas às secas na zona rural do município de Várzea, Seridó da Paraíba. O diagnóstico socioeconômico, ambiental e das secas foi realizado por meio de visitas às famílias da zona rural do município de Várzea, PB, onde foram aplicados 47 questionários, considerando os fatores sociais, tecnológicos, ambientais e relacionadas às secas. As respostas foram codificadas numericamente. Os dados foram analisados utilizando-se os valores modais, máximos e mínimos de cada variável, além do cálculo dos percentuais de degradação de cada fator por meio da equação da reta. Observou-se elevada vulnerabilidade socioeconômica e em relação às secas na zona rural de Várzea, PB, e uma vulnerabilidade ambiental pouco acima do limite aceitável pela metodologia utilizada. Assim, o estudo das vulnerabilidades socioeconômica, ambiental e das secas indica índices elevados que comprometem a qualidade de vida das famílias da zona rural de Várzea, PB.
Tratamento neoadjuvante do colangiocarcinoma intrahepático
Authors: Brito Ana Clarisse Morais , Sousa Letícia do Nascimento , Serra Josemar Sales de Sousa , Santos Glouberg Nobrega dos
Published: January 2025

Os colangiocarcinomas (CCA) são tumores de vias biliares que em sua maioria apresentam características histológicas e genéticas distintas, frequentemente associadas à inflamação crônica, que favorece a proliferação celular e metástases. Representam cerca de 15% dos cânceres hepáticos e 3% das malignidades gastrointestinais, com prognóstico desfavorável. A ressecção cirúrgica, indicada em casos iniciais, é limitada a um terço dos pacientes, devido ao diagnóstico tardio. A quimioterapia neoadjuvante surge como uma alternativa promissora, proporcionando melhores resultados no controle da doença. Metodologia: Este estudo é uma revisão narrativa da literatura, com o objetivo de analisar imunologia, fatores de risco, diagnóstico e opções de tratamento neoadjuvante para o colangiocarcinoma intra-hepático. A pesquisa foi realizada entre agosto de 2024 e julho de 2025. Foram incluídos artigos publicados nos últimos cinco anos (2020-2024), abordando ensaios clínicos, meta-análises e estudos pré-clínicos. Nesse sentido, excluiu-se estudos anteriores a cinco anos ou que não tratem diretamente do tema. A coleta de dados foi realizada nas bases PubMed, SciELO e Web of Science, utilizando os descritores “cholangiocarcinoma”, “immunology”, “risk factors”, “diagnosis” e “drug therapy”, combinados por operadores booleanos. A triagem inicial foi feita com base no título, resumo e metodologia dos artigos. Após, realizou-se uma análise detalhada da metodologia e resultados para garantir a relevância dos estudos. Os dados extraídos foram organizados e sistematizados para formar a revisão narrativa. A pesquisa não envolveu seres humanos, e todas as normas éticas foram seguidas rigorosamente. Este estudo visa contribuir para o desenvolvimento de práticas baseadas em evidências, aprimorando o manejo clínico do CCA intra-hepático. Resultados e Discussão: O tratamento do CCA intra-hepático é complexo e envolve uma combinação de cirurgia, quimioterapia e radioterapia. A ressecção cirúrgica é a mais eficaz, mas muitas vezes é inviável devido ao diagnóstico tardio. Terapias direcionadas e imunoterapia estão sendo investigadas, oferecendo novas perspectivas. O tratamento neoadjuvante tem se mostrado eficaz ao reduzir a carga tumoral antes da cirurgia, aumentando as chances de ressecção completa e sobrevida dos pacientes. Conclusão: A referente pesquisa sobre tratamento neoadjuvante do CCA intra-hepático destacou a importância de estratégias personalizadas e uma abordagem multidisciplinar. O monitoramento contínuo da resposta ao tratamento e a inclusão de novas terapias, como imunoterapia e terapias-alvo, são essenciais para melhorar os resultados e a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. A continuidade da pesquisa é crucial para aprimorar as opções terapêuticas e garantir melhores perspectivas para os pacientes.
Aplicabilidade da audiência de custódia no estado do Amazonas
Authors: Souza Ana Carolina Soares , Barbosa Sarah Marques , Costa Taynah Carneiro , Simas Danielle Costa de Souza
Published: January 2025

O trabalho analisa a aplicabilidade da Audiência de Custódia no estado do Amazonas como uma estratégia para mitigar a crise do sistema prisional brasileiro, marcada pela superlotação das unidades e pelas condições degradantes enfrentadas pelos detentos. Esse contexto é agravado por uma elevada taxa de presos provisórios e pelo uso indiscriminado da prisão preventiva, muitas vezes sem a devida observância dos princípios constitucionais. A Audiência de Custódia, prevista no artigo 7º da Convenção Americana de Direitos Humanos, regulamentada no Brasil pela Resolução nº 213/2015 do CNJ e pela Lei nº 13.964/2019, surge como um instrumento essencial para avaliar, de forma célere, a legalidade das prisões em flagrante, as condições físicas e psicológicas do preso e a necessidade de sua manutenção no sistema carcerário. No Amazonas, a implementação desse mecanismo iniciou-se em 2015, alcançando resultados expressivos entre 2016 e 2024, com a realização de 16.110 audiências. Desse total, 8.835 indivíduos obtiveram liberdade provisória, reduzindo significativamente a pressão sobre o sistema prisional local. Além disso, o estudo revela que cerca de 62,64% da população carcerária do estado é composta por presos provisórios, muitos dos quais permanecem detidos por mais de 90 dias sem julgamento, em violação ao princípio da razoável duração do processo. A análise evidencia que a Audiência de Custódia não apenas contribui para a economia de recursos públicos, mas também atua como um mecanismo de combate à tortura e às prisões arbitrárias, fortalecendo o respeito à dignidade da pessoa humana e ao princípio da presunção de inocência. Dada a sua importância, o trabalho ressalta a necessidade de consolidação e ampliação dessa prática em todo o país, promovendo uma justiça penal mais humanizada, eficiente e alinhada aos direitos fundamentais.
The impact of mercury on human health
Authors: Słowik Joanna , Ćwirko Hanna
Published: January 2025

Background: Mercury, as one of the heavy metals, is present in the environment, and various sources contribute to mercury entering the human body. Continuous exposure or high doses of mercury have a detrimental impact on human health, causing serious and long-term effects. However, in today's society, awareness of the negative consequences has led to efforts to avoid high doses of exposure. It is important to examine how current research trends present the effects of low-dose mercury exposure, both in everyday life and in specific environments.Aim of the Study: The objective of this study was to conduct a comparative analysis of the current knowledge about the negative effects of mercury exposure on human health. Material and Methods: A literature review was conducted on research published between 2000 and 2024, with additional criteria including English language publications and online availability. The review performs results obtained from the PubMed database by searching the terms: "mercury toxicity," "mercury poisoning," and ("mercury" AND "human health").Results: Our review indicates that studies from the last twenty years do not point to alarming mercury doses resulting from daily exposure. Occupational exposure to mercury vapors (e.g., among hairdressers and dentists) is often more detrimental than the impact of a fish included diet or dental fillings. The effects of mercury also vary depending on genetic variability and taken dose.Conclusions: Diet and amalgam fillings increase mercury levels; however, these are mostly not alarming doses. Daily exposure to mercury vapors or methylmercury can negatively affect neurobehavioral factors in children. Although it is difficult to exceed permissible levels through additional fish consumption, it does increase the total mercury levels in blood and THHg (total hair Hg).
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY AND OBESITY
Authors:   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, IANCU Mihaela Adela , CĂLIN Ramona Dorothea ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, POPESCU Daniela ,   “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, KOZMA Andrei ,   Academy of Romanian Scientists, Bucharest, Romania; National Institute of Recovery, Physical Medicine and Balneoclimatology, Bucharest, Romania; "Alessandrescu-Rusescu" National Institute for Mother and Child Health Bucharest, Romania;
Published: January 2025

Nowadays, the obesity and the vitamin D deficiency present a significant increased prevalence worldwide. The consequences of obesity and vitamin D deficiency are numerous and reduce the quality of life. We have proposed to summarize the published research regarding the association between the obesity and the vitamin D deficiency and its different consequences. The association between obesity and level of vitamin D, although intensively studied, it is not fully known. Future research is needed to clarify this complex link between obesity and vitamin D deficiency.
FREQUENCY-DOMAIN AND TIME-DOMAIN RESPONSE SHAPING FOR ULTRA-WIDE BAND ANTENNAS
Authors:   Academy of Romanian Scientists; Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Constanta Maritime University, TAMAS Razvan
Published: January 2025

This paper presents a synthesis approach for ultra-wide band (UWB) antennas, based on a variable slope profile. When applying the proposed approach in the time domain, one can synthesize antenna structures for pulsed excitation, designed to yield a low distortion response at a given direction or within a given plane and for a given polarization. The method is validated by synthesizing ultra-wide band antennas designed for a particular waveform of excitation. The applicability of our method to frequency domain synthesis is demonstrated by designing an antenna with a quasi-linear gain variation over a given frequency range. The antenna configuration resulting from synthesis was simulated, manufactured and measured in order to validate our method.
Infectious Complications in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis
Authors:   Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, BACANU Ionela , IONESCU Vlad-Alexandru ,   Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest; “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, GHEORGHE Gina ,   Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest; “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, NASTAC Ancuta ,   Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, TIUCA Crista-Loredana ,   Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest; “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, DIACONU Camelia Cristina ,   Academy of Romanian Scientists; Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest; “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Liver cirrhosis (LC) represents a major public health problem, with high morbidity and mortality rates. Materials and methods: We conducted an observational, descriptive, retrospective study in which we included 198 patients with LC hospitalized in the Clinical Emergency Hospital Bucharest over a period of 2 years. They were divided into two primary groups: group A (83 patients with CH who had an infectious complication) and group B (115 patients with LC who did not have an infectious complication). Results: The predominant etiology of LC was excessive alcohol consumption, followed by viral infections, specifically hepatitis C virus and hepatitis B virus. The primary factors that contributed to the development of infectious complications were the presence of ascitic fluid, hypoalbuminemia, and a personal medical history of chronic kidney disease. The main infectious complications identified were bronchopneumonia (39%), urinary tract infections (27%), bacteremia (24%), Clostridioides difficile colitis (7%), spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (2%), and pleural empyema (1%). The average hospitalization duration and mortality rate were both twice as long for patients in group A as they were for patients in group B. Conclusions: In summary, infectious complications are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with LC and necessitate multidisciplinary management.
International experience in mobilising mechanisms to combat organised crime
Authors: Kopan Oleksii , Melnyk Vladyslav
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study was to develop a scientific approach to mobilising mechanisms for combating man- ifestations of organised crime, which should be strategic, programmatic, and based on international practices. According to the purpose and specifics of the subject under study, the study employed a set of social engineer- ing methods in the organisation of the system of combating organised crime. The study outlined the content of the organisational foundations of the system of mobilisation of law enforcement agencies involved in the fight against organised crime. Such mechanisms were analysed in terms of determining the theoretical and managerial foundations of their formation at the stage of social transformations, the threat of criminalisation of society, and the intensification of violence in political and other spheres of public life. The content of security as an objective phenomenon was investigated in terms of system-forming properties and organisational factor of the social system. The study showed the strategic significance of improving the effectiveness of security in various spheres of society. It was proved that the existing state mechanism for regulating public security relations is rather conservative and does not fully meet the current conditions of existence of various nations in both the internal and external spheres of life. The system of law enforcement agencies has a branched, so- phisticated organisational and functional structure, which complicates the organisation and implementation of the management process. State agencies, subject to political and legal conditions and the creation of a spe- cialised management mechanism, can and should be involved in ensuring national security. For this, it is neces- sary to overcome departmental barriers, consolidate the efforts of state bodies and operational units to ensure the internal security of the state, i.e., to develop a model of management of the relevant entities based on the organisational and functional principle. The findings of this study form the scientific and practical basis for bringing the system of the relevant type into a state that allows for the immediate mobilisation and implemen- tation of large-scale actions to eliminate the conditions and consequences of the impact of dangerous factors, which substantially affect the state of security of society. The application of the theoretical and managerial ap- proach allows identifying and solving scientific problems in the study, obtaining scientific and practical results
Essence and purpose of preventive and punitive functions of legal liability
Authors: Tymoshenko Vira
Published: January 2025

The relevance of this general theoretical study is conditioned by the growing number of offences in the country, which indicates problems in society and the state, including the insufficient effectiveness of legal liability, and the need to improve its regulatory framework and proper performance of functions. The study analysed the preventive and punitive functions of legal liability as essential factors of prevention of unlawful behaviour. The purpose of this study was to initiate a scientific discussion on the mechanisms of legal liability’s impact on unlawful behaviour, and to determine the possibilities of preventive and punitive functions in terms of preventing unlawful behaviour. The methodological framework of the study was based on formal-logical, systemic, and structural-functional methods employed within the framework of dialectical, phenomenological, and systemic approaches. The study resulted in the hypothesis that the normative model of legal liability (in the objective sense) can only serve as a general prevention of offences. The existence of a legal fact of an offence leads to legal liability in the subjective sense. At this stage, the punitive function is fully realised. Only the interaction of these functions will contribute to the implementation of the tasks of the institution of legal liability, primarily the prevention of offences. Thus, the functions of legal liability are its impact, practical implementation of the purpose which is expressed in establishing the legal limits of a person’s conduct by means of its incentives, coercion, or punishment; the key functions are preventive and punitive; the preventive function is aimed at prevention and deterrence of offences, which is achieved by establishing sanctions for their commission; the punitive function covers both the purpose of punishment and education, and is implemented at the individual level by force in a certain procedural form. The practical significance of this study is that law enforcement agencies can use the findings to formulate effective strategies for developing modern political- legal instruments for preventing unlawful behaviour
Legal regime for Antarctic governance: Challenges and opportunities
Authors: Biru Samuel Lijagegnehu
Published: January 2025

The Antarctic Treaty System, a cornerstone of international cooperation, faces increasing challenges as the 21st century unfolds. This study examined the effectiveness of Antarctic Treaty System in addressing contemporary issues such as marine environmental protection, bioprospecting, and climate change. It analysed the strengths and weaknesses of the treaty, identified gaps in its coverage, and assessed its adaptability to future challenges. This study employed an interdisciplinary approach combining legal analysis, policy analysis, comparative analysis, and critical analysis, and delved into the treaty's provisions, limitations, and potential for reform. The findings of the study showed that although the Antarctic Treaty System plays a vital role in preserving the Antarctic as a global common, its ability to withstand new threats is limited. The study emphasised the need for a comprehensive system of marine protected areas, stricter regulations on bioprospecting, and stronger enforcement mechanisms. Key conclusions included the need for mandatory environmental impact assessments, the expansion of marine protected areas, sustainable tourism management, and effective climate change mitigation strategies. In addition, the article recommended strengthening the inspection regime, promoting international cooperation, recognising the rights of indigenous peoples, and intensifying scientific research. By addressing these issues and implementing the proposed reforms, the Antarctic Treaty System can continue to protect Antarctica’s unique environment and ensure its long-term sustainability
Acupuncture as an improvement for the professional performance of neurosurgeons
Authors: Menéndez Zapata Yamilia , González García Tania Rosa , LIosa Santana Mayelin , Gutierrez Vera Dayami , Frómeta Rodríguez Cruz María
Published: January 2025

Introduction: acupuncture is a modality of Natural and Traditional Medicine with its genesis in the book “Huangdi Neijing”. In Cuba it was introduced in 1962 by the Argentine doctor Floral Carballo. Currently the Natural and Traditional Medicine is in plan E in the undergraduate curriculum but the contents of this procedure are not sufficient. Professionals have gaps in this knowledge and can acquire it through postgraduate improvement, among them are neurosurgeons. Objective: the purpose of this research is to explain the application of acupuncture as an improvement for the professional performance of the neurosurgeons of HDCQ Dr. Miguel Enríquez in the care of patients with mild neurotrauma. Methods: Is a prospective longitudinal analytical observational mixed study in a population of 20 neurosurgeons. Using theoretical and empirical methods. Results: support for improvement in acupuncture is obtained through the basic theories of Natural and Traditional Medicine and that acupoints constitute the practical basis of these contents, being used according to symptoms of mild neurotrauma such as DU-20, Ig-4, Vb-5 in headache.  Conclusions: that the elements that make up the application of acupuncture as an improvement for the professional performance of the neurosurgeons of the HDCQ Dr. Miguel Espinosa in the care of patients with mild neurotrauma were explained.
Trends and Advances in Gluten-Free Products
Authors: Gutiérrez Reyes Dayana E. , Arteaga Almeida Cristina A.
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Gluten is a protein present in grains such as wheat, barley and rye which provides elasticity and structure to baked products, however, worldwide there are people with celiac disease or non-celiac gluten sensitivity and because the body does not assimilate this protein it is necessary to avoid it, therefore currently there is a growing demand for gluten-free foods creating new products, improving their nutritional profile and market acceptance. Due to the above mentioned, the objective of this work is to carry out a bibliographic search of current trends and technological advances in the development of gluten-free products, in order to identify opportunities for innovation and improvement in the quality and acceptability of these products among consumers. Material and methods: To carry out the research, a bibliographic review was carried out in PUBMED, WEB OF SCIENCE, SCIENCEDIRECT, SCOPUS and GOOGLE SCHOLAR related to the topic of interest, including information found within the last five years (2019 - 2024). Results: Thus, it is concluded that there are currently a huge number of gluten-free products, especially bakery products, with a change in nutritional composition. Likewise, advances propose the use of substitute flours for the preparation of gluten-free foods, creating greater accessibility of these products to their consumers. Conclusions: Finally, it is concluded that the consumption of these foods should be in moderation due to their nutritional value to avoid deficiencies and non-communicable diseases in the long term.
Analysis of innovative approaches to technology-enabled public finance management
Authors: Krasnozhon Aryna , Yatsun Olha
Published: January 2025

The purpose of the article to analyze the role of technological innovations in improving public financial management, identify barriers to their implementation and offer recommendations for the formation of an effective organizational and legal framework. The author identifies various types of innovations and explains their importance in ensuring the efficiency of public funds management. However, the author pays the main attention to technological innovations. Thus, electronic public procurement platforms, big data analytics, artificial intelligence and robotic process automation were highlighted. The article demonstrates their impact on the transparency, efficiency and accountability of the use of public resources. In addition, the article analyzes specific examples of countries that are already applying relevant innovations and qualitative statistical indicators of their importance for the budget sector. By analyzing successful foreign cases, the most effective models of integrating innovations into public institutions were identified. The author's approach in this paper involves not only describing and analyzing individual successful cases, but also identifying organizational and legal barriers. Author also finds specific ways to overcome negative elements. The proposed recommendations include a roadmap, staff training and regulatory framework improvement. Taking into account the specifics of legislative systems and the capabilities of the national economy, they can be adapted to different countries and regions. In conclusion, the article substantiates that the systematic implementation of innovative technologies can not only increase the efficiency of budget processes and reduce corruption risks, but also contribute to the formation of a new management culture focused on transparency and effectiveness.
A SCALE TO MEASURE MARKETING BEHAVIOR OF FARMERS
Authors:   NAU, Navsari, Pandya R. D. , Kavad S. D. ,   NAU, Navsari
Published: January 2025

The marketing behaivour of the farmers is the important aspect, on which it depends that how farmer performed different operations, marketing functions and receive ultimate benefits in the form of remunerative prices for their produce as a result of all the efforts made in this direction. Marketing behaivour is a behavioural construct that cannot be measured by a single variable, hence the need for developing a standardized instrument for its measurement. The present study has been conducted to develop a reliable and valid instrument for exploration of farmers’ marketing behaivour. A step-by-step procedure of developing standardized marketing behaivour scale was followed, it includes identification of indicators, statement collection, relevancy test, item analysis, reliability test and validity test. Finaly, the instrument developed to measure marketing behaivour of farmers consists of 39 statements under 10 key indicators. The standardized marketing behaviour scale will be usefull to measure the marketing behaviour of farming community. It will also serve as a valuable tool for further marketing behaviour studies by researchers and extension functionaries.
IMPACT OF FARMER PRODUCER ORGANIZATIONS ON BOOSTING ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT OF FARMERS
Authors:   AAU, Assam, Saikia Pallavi , Das Pallabi ,   AAU, Assam, Deka Pallavi ,   AAU, Assam
Published: January 2025

In Assam, more than 80% of the population is involved in agriculture. Lack of proper marketing infrastructure makes it difficult to exploit marketing opportunities and earn revenue from produces. To address this problem, the concept of FPOs was developed and put into practice. The present study was undertaken to investigate the impact of FPO on farmers’ economic empowerment in terms of services provided to member farmers, impact of income on members over nonmembers and impact of FPOs in augmenting member farmer’s income along with the factors influencing farmers to join FPO in Golaghat district of Assam. A total of 200 respondents were selected (100-FPO members and 100-non FPO members). Primary data was collected through pre-structured schedule. The secondary information was collected from Govt. portals. For analyzing the factors influencing joining farmers in FPO, Logistic Regression Analysis was estimated, the interpretation of impact of services provided by FPOs to their members was done on five-point scale of excellent, very good, good, poor, very poor. To analyze the impact of FPO on farmer’s income, Ordinary Least Square Regression was used. The results revealed that member farmers were male of young age, educated having nuclear family with agriculture as main occupation. The younger educated with smaller farm landholdings and farmers having distant markets are more likely to participate in FPOs and finally it was revealed that FPOs help in increasing income of its members by providing market facilities with assured marketing linkages and services like availability of inputs, custom hiring of machineries etc.
ADOPTION LEVEL OF IMPROVED DAIRY FARMING PRACTICES BY RESOURCE POOR DAIRY FARM HOUSEHOLDS
Authors:   AAU, Anand, Pandey Saurabh , Ponnusamy K. ,   ICAR-Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod, Manasa Keesam ,   National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal
Published: January 2025

The level of adoption of improved dairy farming practices would reveal the interest and enthusiasm of any individual farmer. A study was carried out in Haryana to determine the degree to which the chosen resource poor dairy farmers have adopted improved dairy farming practices. The purpose of the study was to ascertain how resource-poor dairy farmers were implementing new techniques. It was established what degree of acceptance the four main facets of dairy farming—breeding, feeding, healthcare, and management practices—had by resource-poor dairy producers. In the years 2021–2022, the research was carried out in the districts of Karnal, Jind, and Jhajhar in the state of Haryana, which correspond to three distinct agroclimatic zones. This was followed by selection of cluster of villages in each district with the predominance of resource poor dairy households and then 40 respondents randomly from each cluster. Thus, study constituted a sample size of 120 respondents. Data were collected using structured interview schedule which was later analysed by using frequency, percentage and regression. The findings revealed that majority of the respondents had medium level of adoption of breeding practices (54.17%), feeding practices (60.00%) and healthcare practices (57.50%). Majority of respondents (65.00%) possessed medium level of adoption of management practices too. Most of respondents (47.50%) belonged to medium level of overall adoption of improved dairy farming practices. About 54.6 per cent variance on dependent variable is due to the independent variables taken for the study. This implies the need for undertaking intensive education of resource poor farmers along with facilitation of critical inputs for profitable dairy farming.
ASSOCIATION OF PROFILE CHARACTERISTICS ON LIVELIHOOD SECURITY OF DAIRY FARMERS
Authors:   KVK, Banka, Singh Neha , Kadian K.S. ,   ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Bellagi Rahul ,   ICSSR-CMDR Dharwad
Published: January 2025

An attempt has been made in this paper to investigate the socio-personal, socio-economic, and socio-psychological profile of dairy farmers in aspirational districts of Bihar during the year 2022. Total 320 farmers were selected from eight blocks namely from selected districts as respondents by using random sampling method. Data were collected through a well-structured interview schedule and data were subjected to appropriate statistical analysis. In this investigation it was found that out of 320 respondents’ majority (41.57%) were in old age group, (28.75%) of them belonged to high school level of education, (35.94%) had 5 to 8 members in their Family, more than half (51.56%) of respondents had low number of livestock holding, (39.06%) dairy farmer had high level of dairy farming experiences, and most (46.88%) of them had medium level of mass media exposure. The majority of milk producers had extension contact with veterinarians followed by para veterinarians and had mass media exposure with television and radio to get information about dairying. It was also found that dairy experience, livestock holding, and land holding were positively and significantly correlated with livelihood security.
KNOWLEDGE ASSESSMENT OF INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AMONG HYBRID TOMATO GROWERS
Authors:   Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central  Agricultural University, Pusa, Lal Sudhanand Prasad , K. N. Sunil Kumar ,   Mahyco Seeds Pvt. Ltd., Mysore, Shukla Gyan ,   Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the knowledge levels of hybrid tomato growers in Karnataka, India, regarding Integrated Pest Management (IPM) practices. Through structured interview schedule and standardized knowledge tests, data were collected to assesses growers’ understanding of cultural, physical, chemical, and biological IPM practices. Findings reveal that majority of respondents (69.17%) had medium level knowledge about IPM practices apropos in tomato cultivation. Among different IPM practices, respondent possess highest knowledge in chemical practices (x̄= 0.7208, ranked Ist) followed by cultural practices (x̄= 0.6991, ranked IInd), mechanical or physical practices (x̄= 0.5167, ranked IIIrd) and the least knowledge in biological practices (x̄= 0.1583, ranked IVth). In the Standardized Multi-variate Regression Analysis (SMRA), coefficient of determination (R2= 0.621) interpreted as 62.1% of total variation in knowledge level explained by a set of nine independent variables collectively considered under this study. However, standardized ß-value shows the amount of variation in dependent variable explained by particular independent variable.Furthermore, Independent variables – posing positive effect on dependent variable – were year of schooling (standardized ß-value = 0.298), cosmopolitness (standardized ß-value = 0.236) found significant at 1% (p<0.01); occupation (standardized ß-value = 0.110) at 5% (p<0.05); tomato farming experience (standardized ß-value = 0.129), annual family income (standardized ß-value = 0.113) and extension contact (standardized ß-value = 0.111) found significant at 10% (p<0.10). On contrary, age was found negatively significant at 1% (t=-7.163; p<0.01) level with standardized ß-value -0.443. By addressing knowledge gaps and promoting environmentally friendly alternatives to chemical pesticides, can contribute to more efficient and sustainable hybrid tomato cultivation. The study advises policies need to be formulated by focusing targeted training for older farmers and enhanced extension and media outreach across all age groups.
PERCEPTION OF FARMERS ABOUT THE ROLE OF APMC IN MARKET-LED-EXTENSION
Authors:   NAU, Navsari, Kavad S. D. , Pandya R. D. ,   NAU, Navsari
Published: January 2025

Perception is a cognitive process by which individuals organize, interpret, and understand their surroundings and environment which also includes impressions formed by objects, events, and people. The study was carried out in 7 districts of South Gujarat to identify the perception of the farmers about the role of APMC in market-led-extension. Total 160 farmers were randomly selected from 16 villages, 2 villages from each 4 APMCs from Tribal area and 4 APMCs from non-tribal area of South Gujarat. It was found that majority of the farmers from both the area had moderately perceived the roles of APMC in market-led-extension. The land holding, extension contact, training received, knowledge about the statutory activities of APMC, economic orientation, scientific orientation and risk orientation of farmers were found highly significantly associated with the role perception about market-led-extension. Whereas, education, source of information on marketing and cropping intensity were found significantly associated with role perception about market-led-extension. Therefore, it was suggested that systematic efforts on the part of APMC required for conducting the awareness activities among the farmers regarding reforms in regulated markets and role to be played by APMC in market-led-extension.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN THE ATTITUDE OF FARM WOMEN TOWARDS SELF-HELP GROUPS AND THEIR CHARACTERISTICS
Authors:   MPKV, Rahuri, Julme Madhugandha Gautam , Bunkar Ramesh Chand ,   ICAR-NDRI, Karnal, Gaur Rishabh Singh ,   MPKV, Rahuri
Published: January 2025

Poverty, illiteracy, and a lack of skills make it common for the poor to rely on high-interest moneylenders. Since these issues call for communal effort, self-help groups (SHGs) have the potential to be a change agent. SHGs are loosely structured, peer-run organizations made up of people from similar socioeconomic backgrounds that collaborate to achieve shared objectives. The study was carried out in the tehsils of Rahata and Srirampur, utilizing a sample size of 150 respondents from the Ahmednagar district of Maharashtra state. The study also included around 500 women SHG members who were employed by KVK Babhaleshwar in the Ahmednagar district. The specific objectives of the study were to examine the socioeconomic psychological profile of female SHG members participating in a range of activities, gauge women’s attitudes about SHGs, and examine how socioeconomic and psychological traits relate to attitudes. Relational analysis revealed that, at the 0.01 level of probability, the independent variables-education, yearly income, occupation, income from SHGs, and social participation-showed a positive and significant correlation with attitude. Meanwhile, at the 0.05 percent probability level, the variables-economic motivation and market orientation-showed a significant correlation with attitude. The null hypothesis was thus rejected for those factors, but it was accepted for the following variables: age, family size, and land ownership-all of which showed no discernible relationship with attitude.
EXPLORING AGRI-STARTUPS IN BENGALURU: SECTOR INSIGHTS AND ENTREPRENEURIAL PROFILES
Authors:   ICAR-IISS, Mau, V. Pavithra , Subash Somasekaran ,   ICAR-NDRI, Bangalore, Devi M. C. A. ,   ICAR-NDRI, Bangalore
Published: January 2025

This study explores the vibrant Agri-Startup ecosystem in Bengaluru, Karnataka, focusing on the sectors in which these startups operate and the characteristics of the entrepreneurs. Through a comprehensive survey and analysis, the research identifies key trends within this sector and provides insights into the unique entrepreneurial landscape of the region. The study reveals a diverse range of Agri-Startup operating in various sectors, including agri-tech (71.42 %), food processing (07.14 %), organic (14.28 %), and dairy Startups (07.14 %). The Agri-Startups are at different stages of development ideation (21.43 %), validation (37.50 %), early-traction (30.36 %) and scaling up stage (10.71 %) enterprises. Entrepreneurs in Bengaluru’s Agri-Startup scene exhibit a mix of educational backgrounds and professional experiences, with a strong focus on innovation and sustainability. The major findings of the study revealed that about one-third (33.93%) of the Agri-Startups had acquainted with incubators, accelerators (10.71%) and mentors (42.86%). Education, experience, and training significantly influence stakeholder support, with higher education correlating strongly with incubators and accelerators. Overall, this study offers valuable perspectives on the state of Agri-Startup profile attributes of entrepreneurs in Bengaluru, serving as a guide for investors, policymakers, and other stakeholders interested in supporting and nurturing this dynamic sector.
A SCALE TO MEASURE ENTREPRENEURIAL BEHAVIOUR OF COMMERCIAL DAIRY FARMERS
Authors:   JNKVV Jabalpur, Somtiya Arpit , Naberia Seema ,   JNKVV Jabalpur, Rajan Parvez ,   JNKVV Jabalpur
Published: January 2025

Entrepreneurial behaviour is one of the most vital factors in making a dairy business commercially successful. With the growing demand for milk and milk products, the scope of dairy entrepreneurship becomes more attractive. Fewer scales are available to measure the entrepreneurial behaviour of commercial dairy farmers, indicating a need to develop a new scale ailored to this context. Existing options do not fully capture the specific nuances of entrepreneurial behaviour in commercial dairying. To develop and validate an entrepreneurial scale, the 14-point statement selection criteria of Edwards (1969) were followed. A total of 45 statements were selected based on nine components of entrepreneurial behaviour: risk-taking ability, elf-confidence, knowledgeability, persuasibility, manageability, innovativeness, achievement motivation, decision-making ability, and profit orientation. These statements illustrated the entrepreneurial behaviour of commercial dairy farmers. Selected statements were sent to 120 judges, of whom 64 responded. A total of 34 statements were included in the final scale. The developed scale will assist researchers in studying the entrepreneurial behaviour of commercial dairy farmers, identifying dairy entrepreneurs, designing training and seminars through educational and research institutions, and shaping government policies.
ADOPTION OF GOOD AGRICULTURE PRACTICES
Authors:   Neer Horticulture Solutions Pvt. Ltd. Ahmedabad, Chaudhary P. B. , Patel G. R. ,   SDAU, Sardarkrushinagar, Chaudhari H. A. ,   SDAU, Sardarkrushinagar
Published: January 2025

The concept of Good Agriculture Practices (GAPs) has developed in current years in the context of a unexpectedly changing and globalizing meals financial system and because of the issues and commitments of a extensive range of stakeholders about food production and security, food safety and fine and the environmental sustainability of agriculture. GAPs applies hints and to be had knowledge to addressing environmental, monetary and social sustainability for on-farm manufacturing and put up-manufacturing procedures ensuing in secure and wholesome meals and non-meals agricultural merchandise. GAPs as defined by FAO, are a “collection of principles to apply for on-farm production and postproduction processes, resulting in safe and healthy food and non-food agricultural products, while taking into account economic, social and environmental sustainability.” North Gujarat comes under the jurisdiction of Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University so study was conducted in North Gujarat. Banaskantha and Sabarkantha districts were selected randomly from six districts of the North Gujarat. Each district 120 farmers survey conducted thus, total 240 farmers participated. This study was confined to “Ex-post-facto” research design. That more than one half of the farmers had medium awareness regarding good agriculture practices.
Relación de la responsabilidad social empresarial con variables estratégicas en microempresas de servicios en Tierra Blanca, Veracruz, México
Authors: Fuentes Rosas Liliana , López Cabrera Anibal Gaudencio , Hernández Mendoza Luis Mizraim
Published: January 2025

Lograr un mundo sostenible es una de las urgencias que convocan a las naciones y el papel que juegan las empresas en las estrategias a favor de ello es importante ya que constituyen una fuente de crecimiento y desarrollo económico, empleo e innovación. La Responsabilidad Social Empresarial (RSE) constituye una estrategia, asumida voluntariamente por las empresas, para responder a las exigencias de sus grupos de interés. El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar la relación entre responsabilidad social empresarial y tres variables estratégicas: innovación, desempeño y éxito competitivo en las microempresas de servicios en la ciudad de Tierra Blanca, Veracruz, México. El estudio es descriptivo, de corte transversal; con enfoque cuantitativo no experimental (observacional). Los autores aplicaron un instrumento a una muestra de 253 microempresas de servicios, integrado por 52 ítems con escala Likert y fiabilidad por encima de 0.900 dada por el alfa de Cronbach y el omega de McDonald. Los resultados presentan una relación entre RSE e Innovación de rs= 0.670 y p<0.01; una relación entre RSE y desempeño de rs= 0.617 y p<0.01; una relación entre RSE y éxito competitivo de rs= 0.688 y p<0.0. Se concluye que la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial tiene una relación directamente proporcional y positiva con la innovación, el desempeño y el éxito competitivo en las microempresas de servicio de Tierra Blanca. Estos resultados abonan a la evidencia empírica sobre las ventajas que las empresas obtienen al apostar por la RSE.
DELAY EQUALIZATION FOR ANALOG FILTERS WITH PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION
Authors: Çelik Çağrı , Uygur Atilla
Published: January 2025

Electronic filters are widely used in various fields such as signal processing, communication and control systems. These filters are circuits that block unwanted frequency components in the signals applied to their inputs while allowing the desired components to pass. When a signal is processed through a filter circuit, a natural delay occurs, and the signal is transmitted to the output with a delay. Ideally, this delay should have a constant value within the passband. Otherwise, the filtered electrical signal obtained at the output of the filter is distorted, and meaningful output cannot be achieved. In this paper, it is aimed to achieve the desired constant delay under ideal conditions. To approximate the ideal delay value as closely as possible in a filter that does not have a constant delay, first and second-order allpass filter blocks were cascade-connected. Allpass filter blocks only shift the signal in time without affecting its frequency magnitude response. Three parameters are used in the design of these allpass filter blocks. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) was used to determine these parameters. Based on the principle that living creatures in nature are more successful when they move in swarms compared to when they move individually, the PSO algorithm was preferred due to its rapid and successful results and ease of implementation. During the testing phase, the delay values of the 5th-order Chebyshev lowpass filter were examined before and after the delay equalization process. The fluctuation in the delay value was successfully reduced by %84.11. This result demonstrated the success of the algorithm used in determining the parameters and the delay equalization process.
Development of a Jigsaw Type Cooperative Learning Model Based on 6C to Improve Social Attitudes and Interpersonal Skills Students' Civics in Primary Schools
Authors: Pasaribu Eva , Sitohang Sukardo , Simanjuntak Sondang
Published: January 2025

This research aims to: (1) produce a Jigsaw Type Cooperative Learning Model product, (2) determine the level of feasibility of the Jigsaw Type Cooperative Learning Model product in thematic subjects, and (3) determine the effectiveness of using the Jigsaw Type Cooperative Learning Model product. This development research refers to the steps developed. Type of research The development procedure includes stages. The development model applied by researchers is the ADDIE model. The ADDIE development model consists of five stages, namely Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation. Research results: Field trial subjects consisted of 30 class V students at SD Negeri 096140 Parhundalian. Data collection uses assessment sheets, questionnaires and responses. The data analysis technique uses a Likert scale. The results of the research show that the Jigsaw Type Cooperative Learning Model for class V elementary school according to material experts, model experts is in the very feasible category. The implementation and use of the Jigsaw Type Cooperative Learning Model can generally be carried out in the very feasible category and has received a positive response from students
Important Aspect For Bilingual Application To Early Childhood
Authors: Suhaeni Neni
Published: January 2025

Bilingualism has garnered both positive and negative feedback over the years. The proliferation of early childhood education institutions that provide bilingual programs raises concerns regarding the influence on children, particularly in terms of cognitive and linguistic development. Some who argue against it claim that children would endure speech difficulties, yet various studies have shown conflicting findings. This study use the library research approach to investigate the cognitive development of children who begin bilingualism at a young age Although there are still many pros and cons of bilingual concepts and programs in early childhood, research results show that the positive impact is greater than the negative impact. In terms of cognitive development, it shows that bilingual children have better performance than monolinguals. However, this good result is of course supported by several things such as the readiness of the teacher in preparing the program and choosing the right method so that the expected results can be maximized. Thus, it can make the next generation of the nation brilliant in facing future challenges.