bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
معالم الحسبة في الاجتماعات الأسرية Hesba (al-Hisbah) milestones in family meeting
Authors: Al-Dfairia Dr. Abdul Hamid Abdul Karim Munshid
Published: December 2023

By nature, a man is a social being who interacts with the people around him, mainly if he interacts with his family members through their regular family gatherings. These interactions can be positive, such as being considerate, polite, and conducting good relationships, and they can be negative interactions, such as lying, backbiting, and gossiping. So, this study aims to identify the negative interactions that may occur in recurring family gatherings and dive into the negative aspects and ways to deal with them. This research method relies on historical, library and analytical approaches to reach results. Among the most important findings is hisba, an act to improve a person in the context of his interaction, and that hisba is also a way to deal with an individual's behaviour with the members of his community, including during family gatherings where there is a lot of family social interaction. Then this paper also makes some recommendations, among which is the need for more studies in the field of family and issues related to hisba, the importance of finding a good solution that ensures Muslim families achieve domestic happiness, and the need to establish hisba in family meetings because of its capability of reforming individuals and society.
Jornalismo hiperlocal na microrregião do Bico do Papagaio (TO)
Authors: Milhomem da Silva Alan , Vidigal Rocha Liana
Published: December 2023

O objetivo deste artigo é registrar a história dos sites Voz do Bico e TocNotícias a partir da perspectiva do jornalismo hiperlocal. Os veículos estão sediados nos municípios de Augustinópolis e Tocantinópolis, respectivamente, na microrregião do Bico do Papagaio, no estado do Tocantins. Para tanto, destacam-se as trajetórias dos veículos, as produções jornalísticas e os contextos nos quais estão inseridos. A entrevista em profundidade com os responsáveis pelos noticiosos - Paulo Palmares (Voz do Bico) e Roberlan Cokim (TocNotícias) - foi o método utilizado para coletar os dados. O trabalho se justifica por conta da ausência de registros acadêmicos sobre a história dos veículos e da produção jornalística no extremo norte do Tocantins. Verificou-se que os sites cumprem a missão de publicizar a realidade local e atuam na perspectiva do jornalismo hiperlocal e de influência regional, mesmo com falta de estratégias operacionais, de recursos humanos e financeiros.
Exploring the evolution of turbulence across a range of terrestrial bow shock configurations using hybrid simulations
Authors: Plank James , Gingell Imogen
Published: December 2023

Observational investigations of Earth’s bow shock have highlighted
distinct variations in turbulence characteristics when comparing
fluctuations in the shock transition with those in the upstream and
downstream plasma regions. To gain a more focused understanding in each
of these areas, we have examined a range of local 2D and 3D hybrid
simulations, using kinetic ions and fluid electrons. Each simulation has
been chosen to cover a range of shock geometries, from quasi-parallel to
quasi-perpendicular and high to low Mach number. In-situ observations,
such as those from the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission, are
often unable to fully disentangle spatial and temporal effects. This is
particularly evident in the shock transition and the magnetosheath,
where, for example, whistler waves may have speeds comparable to the
bulk flow and thus locally violate Taylor’s hypothesis for kinetic-scale
fluctuations. Simulations overcome these limitations, enabling us to
model the evolution of turbulence in the shock transition and further
downstream. We characterize the turbulent fluctuations using the
following three methods: Firstly, we examine the magnetic spectral
indices spanning the inertial range and extending into the ion range as
they change across the shock. Secondly, we investigate intermittency by
means of the scale-dependent kurtosis. Lastly, we quantify the
correlation lengths as measured across the shock, offering insights into
the physical dimensions of fluctuations at scales smaller than the shock
width. We will discuss the application of these measures to simulations
in understanding the kinetic-scale behaviour of turbulence at Earth’s
bow shock.
Multi-elemental Statistical Features of Early Paleogene Sediments from the Mid-latitude Eastern Indian Ocean
Authors: Kuwahara Yusuke , Yasukawa Kazutaka , Tanaka Erika , Nakamura Kentaro , Ikehara Minoru , Kato Yasuhiro
Published: December 2023

The early Paleogene is characterized by a “hothouse” environment with
repetitive transient warming events known as “hyperthermals.” While
these paleoenvironmental changes are well-documented in the Pacific and
Atlantic Oceans, records of such changes in the Indian Ocean are
limited. Here, we present a new dataset of bulk chemical composition and
stable isotopic ratios of the late Paleocene–middle Eocene sediments on
the Exmouth Plateau in the mid-latitude eastern Indian Ocean. The bulk
δ13C and δ18O suggest a warming period called the Early Eocene Climate
Optimum (EECO) and cooling towards the middle Eocene in a long-term
perspective. From a short-term perspective, we identified at least five
hyperthermals (PETM, H2, I1, J, and ETM3) in the studied sections. We
identified six independent components (ICs) corresponding to sediment
source materials and post-depositional processes by applying independent
component analyses (ICA) to the bulk chemical composition data. The
time-series behavior of IC3 indicates an increase in detrital material
or a decrease in carbonate rain flux during both long-term (EECO) and
short-term (hyperthermal) warming. Additionally, the rise in IC2 implies
an increased population of high consumers in the oceanic ecosystem
during warming events around the Exmouth Plateau. Other ICs (IC1, IC4,
IC5, and IC6), indicators of diagenetic processes and post-depositional
remobilization of elements, showed excursions across hyperthermal
horizons. These observations indicate that changes in the redox state of
pore or bottom water in the Exmouth Plateau are associated with
hyperthermals.
Characterization of Heterogeneous Coastal Aquifers Using A Deep Learning-Based Data Assimilation Approach
Authors: Cao Chenglong , Zhang Jiangjiang , Gan Wei , Nan Tongchao , Lu Chunhui
Published: December 2023

Seawater intrusion poses a substantial threat to water security in
coastal regions, where numerical models play a pivotal role in
supporting groundwater management and protection. However, the inherent
heterogeneity of coastal aquifers introduces significant uncertainties
into model predictions, potentially diminishing their effectiveness in
management decisions. Data assimilation (DA) offers a solution by
incorporating various types of observational data to characterize these
heterogeneous coastal aquifers. Traditional DA techniques, like ensemble
smoother using the Kalman formula (ESK) and Markov chain Monte Carlo,
face challenges when confronted with the non-linearity, non-Gaussianity,
and high-dimensionality issues commonly encountered in aquifer
characterization. In this study, we introduce a novel DA approach rooted
in deep learning (DL), referred to as ESDL, aimed at effectively
characterizing coastal aquifers with varying levels of heterogeneity. We
systematically investigate a range of factors that impact the
performance of ESDL, including the number and types of observations, the
degree of aquifer heterogeneity, the structure and training options of
the DL models, etc. Our findings reveal that ESDL excels in
characterizing heterogeneous aquifers, particularly when faced with
non-Gaussian conditions. Comparison between ESDL and ESK under different
experimentation settings underscores the robustness of ESDL. Conversely,
in certain scenarios, ESK displays noticeable biases in the
characterizing results, especially when measurement data from nonlinear
and discontinuous processes are used. To optimize the efficacy of ESDL,
meticulous attention must be given to the design of the DL model and the
selection of training options, which are crucial to ensure the universal
applicability of this DA method.
Seafloor Alteration Governed by Oceanic Crustal Age and Redox Conditions: Insights from Machine Learning-based Elemental Transfer Analyses
Authors: Matsuno Satoshi , Uno Masaoki , Okamoto Atsushi
Published: December 2023

Newly formed oceanic crust interacts with penetrating seawater,
resulting in the formation of secondary minerals. Sediment cover can
potentially change the redox conditions of underlying basaltic crusts,
significantly affecting the types of secondary minerals and element
transfer during alteration. However, previous studies have not revealed
the quantitative regional variation and controlling factors of seafloor
alteration using altered samples taken from different sites. We present
a novel approach for the quantitative analyses of element mobility
related to seafloor alteration based on a regional dataset of altered
basalt bulk compositions and highlights the effects of the redox state
and duration on alteration. The protolith reconstruction models (PRMs),
machine learning-based element mobility analyses, were applied to the
compositional data of the basaltic crusts from the South/Northwest
Pacific region. The analyses revealed that altered basalts with older
ages showed higher element mobility, particularly characterized by an
enrichment of Rb and K, which were associated by up to 100 times with
the formation of secondary minerals. In the oxidative settings of the
South Pacific region, enrichment of Ba, U, and Pb and depletion of P
were observed in samples with intense alteration. In contrast, under
reductive conditions in the Northwest Pacific region, alterations
associated with carbonate veins caused U enrichment. Our research
suggests that sediment thickness is a key factor in the redox conditions
during alteration, which changes the characteristics of element transfer
and secondary minerals. Additionally, seafloor alteration likely
persisted for at least 30 Myr, irrespective of whether the environment
was oxidative or reductive.
The Impact of Tectonic Setting on Machine Learning Approaches for Earthquake Prediction
Authors: Taskinen Eldon , Demissie Zelalem
Published: December 2023

In prior decades the concept of using mathematical methods to predict
earthquakes was considered infeasible. Recent advances in machine
learning and predictive modeling offer promising avenues to potentially
realize earthquake prediction. In order to test the viability of machine
learning methods, experiments were made with earthquake datasets from
Kansas and Puerto Rico. The two datasets were chosen for the distinct
differences in their tectonic settings. Kansas has few major faults,
with a largely inactive subsurface, this produced a smaller dataset with
a few large clusters. Puerto Rico is complexly faulted, with an
extremely active tectonic setting, this produced a larger dataset with a
large number of small clusters. In order to test the effectiveness of
these two datasets for machine learning and prediction they were run
through three different machine learning algorithms including an LSTM
model, Bi-LSTM model, Bi-LSTM model with attention. Not only were the
three different machine learning methods compared against each other for
accuracy but also the datasets as well. Conclusive findings show that
the two different data sets favor different processing methods. The
Kansas data performs the best with the Bi-LSTM with attention model,
while the Puerto Rico data performs the best with the LSTM model. This
is likely due to the tectonic settings of the two regions, since the
Kansas dataset has less overall data, and earthquakes are concentrated
in a few large clusters, while the Puerto Rico data set has a more even
distribution.
Strengthening School Teaching in Pakistan
Authors:   Asian Development Bank, Rizwan Maleeha , Taniguchi Kiyoshi ,   Asian Development Bank
Published: December 2023

This brief outlines how Pakistan could boost teacher numbers and enhance teaching quality by strengthening merit-based career progression and using technology to help improve student learning. Underscoring the disparities between rural and urban schooling, it looks at teacher recruitment, attendance, and training. It explains why Pakistan should focus on bolstering teaching quality, building institutional capacity, and enhancing teacher development in subjects including science and maths. It looks at the need to better incentivize Pakistan’s teachers and assesses how introducing e-learning into the education system may provide cost-effective and affordable ways to strengthen the quality of teaching.
Research on the Vegetation Distribution around Wando Arboretum using Aerial Hyperspectral Imaging-Lidar
Authors: Kim Dukyeop , Lee Junghyun , Kim Nam-Shin
Published: December 2023

The average temperature of the Korean Peninsula over the past 30 years has risen 1.4°C compared to the early 20th century (1912-1941), exceeding the global temperature increase trend. Vegetation responds very sensitively to climate change. Changes in phenological response, such as fall fliage, fruiting time of vascular plants, and appearance of insects, have occurred. Areas around Wando Arboretum, the target area of this study, belongs to the subtropical climate zone. In this study, we aimed to provide basic data for systematic management of biological resources through out the survey of vegetation distribution in the area around Wando Arboretum where warm-temperate plants distribute, using hyperspectral imaging- LiDAR. As a result of converting the classification images of individual information using hyperspectral images and Lidar into objects by vegetation correlation, a total of 27 classifications were confirmed with 18 families, 24 species, and three varieties. In addition, a total of 29,884 individuals were identified.
Beneficial Effect of Remote Glucose Monitoring and Computerized Insulin Dose Adjustment Algorithms Independent of Insulin Dose Increases in Sizeable Minorities of Patients
Authors: Davidson Mayer B. , Davidson S. Joshua , Duran Petra
Published: December 2023

This article describes a program through which interactions every 2–3 weeks between patients and primary care clinicians (PCCs), with recommendations based on analysis of remote glucose monitoring by computerized insulin dose adjustment algorithms, significantly improved diabetes control. Insulin doses increased by 30% in the majority of patients. A sizeable minority (36%) had a decrease or no increase in insulin doses, but still showed an improvement in diabetes control. Frequent interactions allowed PCCs the opportunity to recognize and address medication nonadherence.
Association between hearing loss and physical performance in patients on maintenance hemodialysis
Authors: Fan Weifeng , Zhong Xiaojing , Wu Qing , Zhang Lihong , Yang Zhenhao , Gu Yong , Guo Qi , Chen Xiaoyu , Yu Chen , Zhang Kun , Ding Wei , Qi Hualin , Zhao Junli , Zhang Liming , Zhang Suhua , Niu Jianying
Published: December 2023

Background: The correlation between hearing loss (HL) and physical performance in patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) remains poorly investigated. This study explored the association between HL and physical performance in patients on MHD. Methods: This multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted between July 2020 and April 2021 in seven hemodialysis centers in Shanghai and Suzhou, China. The hearing assessment was performed using pure-tone average (PTA). Physical performance was assessed using the Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT), handgrip strength, and gait speed. Results: Finally, 838 adult patients (male, 516 [61.6%]; 61.2 ± 2.6 years) were enrolled. Among them, 423 (50.5%) had mild to profound HL (male, 48.6% and female, 53.4%). Patients with HL had poorer physical performance than patients without HL (p < 0.001). TUGT was positively correlated with PTA (r = 0.265, p < 0.001), while handgrip strength and gait speed were negatively correlated with PTA (r = –0.356, p < 0.001 and r = –0.342, p < 0.001, respectively). Physical performance in patients aged <60 years showed significant dose-response relationships with HL. After adjusting for confounders, the odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for HL across the TUGT quartiles (lowest to highest) were 1.00 (reference), 1.15 (0.73–1.81), 1.69 (1.07–2.70), and 2.87 (1.69–4.88) (p for trend = 0.005). Conclusion: Lower prevalence of HL was associated with a faster TUGT and a stronger handgrip strength in patients on MHD.
Experience in deploying radar corner reflectors for InSAR monitoring
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Kukhtar Denys , Hlotov Volodymyr ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Zayats Olexandr ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2023

This work aims to analyze the effectiveness of corner reflectors deployment designed in various for InSAR monitoring by the Sentinel-1 satellite. Method. The accuracy of determining the spatial movements of the surface by the InSAR method in the places where the corner reflectors are deployed depends on their size, as well as the signal-to-clutter ratio on the radar images. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the backscattering intensity on radar images for the selected territory before installing the corner reflector. In places where corner reflectors are to be deployed, an increase in backscatter should be at least 10 dB. The orientation of the corner reflectors was performed based on Sentinel-1 satellite orbit parameters, which were obtained from the Heavens Above web resource. The analysis of the backscatter intensity time series on radar images was carried out using the online platform EO Browser. Results. The effectiveness of deployment and monitoring of trihedral triangular corner reflectors measuring 0.5 m and 1 m was studied. The research results made it possible to generalize the experience of deploying temporary corner reflectors and use them to design reflector structures for permanent monitoring using radar sensing. The maximum autonomy and constant value of the effective scattering area of the triangular corner reflector is ensured thanks to the equipped protective screen that prevents atmospheric precipitation from entering the reflector. Unlike three-sided corner reflectors, which are oriented to the ascending or descending orbit of the satellite, the circular four-sided corner reflector provides an increase in the intensity of backscatter on radar images taken from different orbits and different satellites. The circular quadrilateral reflector, which was deployed for continuous monitoring, is characterized as a universal reflector for all possible sensors that will conduct radar imaging. Scientific novelty and practical significance are in the confirmation of the effectiveness of the use of ground corner reflectors to increase the intensity of backscattering on radar images. Tested and improved designs of reflectors can be used when creating a network for constant monitoring, which will ensure millimeter accuracy in determining the spatial movements of the earth's surface and engineering structures by the InSAR method.
THE INFLUENCE OF OPERATIONAL COSTS, INCOME AND INVENTORY ON PROFITS AT PT. PAPADAAN PERDANA
Authors: Hapsila Angga , Budiyanto Budiyanto
Published: December 2023

The research was carried out to test and analyze the influence of operational costs, income and inventory on profits, both simultaneously and partially at PT. Papadaan Perdana. The research uses a quantitative approach using secondary data, the author processes the data using an application Statistical Page for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24. The analysis used in this research is multiple linear regression and simultaneous and partial hypotheses testing. The research results show that operational costs, income and inventory simultaneously influence profits. Partially, operational costs have no effect on profits, income partially has an effect on profits and inventory partially has an effect on profits.
PRODUCT QUALITY AND TRUST IN SATISFACTION CONSUMERS MEDIATE PURCHASE DECISIONS
Authors: Evasari Aprilia Dian , Khuzaini Khuzaini
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of product quality and trust on consumer satisfaction with purchasing decisions as a mediating variable on the Bandar Tenun Ikat. The population in this study are Tenun Ikat Bandar users who live in Kediri. The sample of this study are 80 respondents. Data collection techniques through questionnaires that have been testers for validity and reliability. Data analysis using Structural Equation Model (SEM). The results of this study indicate (1) product quality has a negative effect on purchasing decisions; (2) Trust has a positive effect on purchasing decisions; (3) Product quality has a positive effect on consumer satisfaction; (4) Trust has a positive effect on consumer satisfaction; (5) Purchasing decisions have a positive effect on consumer satisfaction; (6) Purchasing decisions do not mediate the effect of product quality on consumer satisfaction; (7) Purchasing decisions mediates the effect of trust on the consumer satisfaction.
The Climate Change and Its Effects on Conflicts
Authors:   Temple University, Philadelphia, USA, Lalicker Ann
Published: December 2023

Over the last 50 years, scientists studied the Earth’s warming temperatures and the resulting effects. Although climate change is not a new concept in current events, the consequences it has on exacerbating growing tensions and sustaining violent and nonviolent situations are less widely discussed. Of course, conflicts, internal or international, and their causes are multifaceted and cannot just be explained by one factor alone. However, climate change has a definite role in creating tensions that lead to violent or nonviolent conflict, including famine and displacement, as well as war. Although this rapid climate change is relatively recent in human history, climate trends and the environment have had an effect on conflicts throughout human history. Sustained trends caused by climate change can exacerbate tense situations leading up to the conditions for conflict, only needing a trigger for the spark of conflict. Currently, the world faces heightened tensions in many states, where climate change has only made these situations worse, and a greater focus on climate trends can give a better understanding of instability in states as they creep toward conflict.
EXISTENCE OF GENERAL COURSES: A STUDY OF ACEHNESE HISTORY AND CULTURE AS A COMPULSORY SUBJECT AT SAMUDRA UNIVERSITY
Authors: Usman Usman , Akob Bachtiar , Rahmatsyah Rahmatsyah , Asnawi Asnawi , Bukhari Bukhari , Zulfiani Zulfiani
Published: December 2023

In the vision and mission of Samudra University "to become an independent and superior state university and prepare quality and competitive human resources". One of them is efforts to develop and improve the quality of general courses, including the history and culture of Aceh, in line with the Tri Dharma of Higher Education, including education, research, and community service. The aim is to prepare students to become members of society who have academic and professional abilities and are able to develop and create science and art, especially within the Samudra University environment. In accordance with Chancellor's Decree Number 95/UN54/M/2022 concerning the History and Culture of Aceh, it is a mandatory subject for students, with the principle of exploring and instilling the character values of Acehnese customs and culture according to sharia. This is closely related to the principle of Acehnese Specialty previously stated in Law Number 1/Missi/1959 in the fields of customs and culture, religion, and education. In the course of its history, after half a century, in 2000, the Implementation of Islamic Law was implemented in Aceh and confirmed by Qanun No. 9 of 2008 concerning the development of traditional life and customs, which describes actions and habits that have prevailed in society and are used as guidelines for daily life in Acehnese society. In line with these provisions, Samudra University empowers one of the general subjects: the history and culture of Aceh, which must be taken by every student so that they can improve quality and produce professional graduates at Samudra University. The method used is descriptive analysis with a qualitative approach. Researchers collect data through a literature review and analyse it using content or material analysis techniques. Stages of data analysis through data reduction techniques, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. In addition, the development of general subjects such as Acehnese history and culture can be implemented by lecturers independently. The use of course material can be used to introduce the historical heritage, customs, and culture of the Aceh Darussalam Kingdom to the Acehnese generation and students as academics on the Samudra University campus.
INTERNALIZATION OF GENDER EQUALITY VALUES IN SOCIOLOGY LEARNING
Authors: Widiyanti Sopi Aprilia , Malihah Elly , Wilodati Wilodati
Published: December 2023

This research is motivated by the existence of gender bias practices carried out by students. The main aim of this research is to analyze the role of teachers at SMAN 9 Bandung City when internalizing gender equality values in sociology learning as an effort to minimize gender bias practices and form the character of students who are sensitive and care about gender equality in everyday life.Internalizing the value of gender equality is a process where a person begins to accept and understand the values, norms, principles related to gender and apply them in the community environment. This research was conducted through interviews, observations and documentation studies using a qualitative approach with a strategy in the form of case studies of Sociology Teachers, Guidance and Counseling Teachers and class XI students. Based on this researcht we can know,Sociology teachers strive to implement learning methods that can increase the participation of male and female students equally. On the other hand, sociology teachers try to use interactive learning media such as video shows, images, PowerPoints that reflect gender equality. Then the sociology teacher tries to correlate relevant material with gender equality issues, such as material on social differentiation, social stratification and various social phenomena. By internalizing the value of gender equality, it increases students' ability to understand the meaning of gender equality values, students' understanding of gender equality is also reflected in the character of students who are shown in making decisions based on common interests, mutual respect and support for each other, participation of male students. -men and women become more equal.
THE CULINARY POTENTIAL OF THE ARCHIPELAGO AS TOURISM DEVELOPMENT WITH A HISTORICAL REVIEW OF CASE STUDIES YOGYAKARTA AND BANYUWANGI
Authors: Soetopo Dhalia , Wulandari Nuryuana Dwi
Published: December 2023

The development of the world of tourism after the Covid-19 pandemic provides opportunities for the development of tourism products. This study aims to determine the potential of traditional food in Yogyakarta as tourism development; To find out the potential of traditional food in Banyuwangi. This study uses a descriptive qualitative research method with data collection techniques in the form of interviews with sources, documentation, and supported by literature. The results of this study indicate that 1) Yogyakarta as a tourist city has many menus that can be used to attract tourists including gudeg, bakpia, ingkung, tiwul and Gatot, stir fry mercon, 2) traditional food menus that can be used to attract tourists including botok wasp, uceng-uceng, lanun, pepes olin, and kelemben. These traditional food menus are inseparable from the history of the first time these menus existed and were served. Based on the discussion that has been conveyed by the researchers, it can be concluded that traditional food influences tourists to visit an area, it is necessary to have a good relationship between the government, the community and tourists. If regional tourism is developed, the economy of the community around the tourist object will also feel a positive impact.
Features of the qualification of organized computer crime in Ukraine
Authors: Samorai O.K.
Published: December 2023

This article analyzes the features inherent in the criminal qualification of criminal offenses in the field of use of electronic computing machines (computers), systems and computer networks and telecommunication networks that are of a group nature. It was established that their features are high technology, latency, usually a group nature and a high level of public danger, which makes it difficult to identify and investigate relevant crimes, bring all members of the group to criminal responsibility. It is noted that organized computer crime should be understood as a set of computer crimes committed in connection with the creation and activities of organized criminal groups. It has been established that accomplices in computer crimes are the organizer (mostly project coordinators, under whose leadership attack plans are developed, malicious software is created, confidential information about individuals is collected for the purpose of sale on the "black market”, etc.), executor, instigator and accomplice. It is emphasized that the special subject of these crimes is a hacker, who is usually the perpetrator of the crime. Arguments are given that the time interval between the conspiracy and the beginning of the commission of socially dangerous actions for each of the perpetrators of the crime does not play a key role, at the same time, the intention of pre­discussed concerted actions, which are necessary to achieve a criminal result, must be established. The tendency to increase the number of computer crimes with the use of remote access communication tools, the unification of hackers in groups that have signs of organized criminal groups, the use of specially created places for communication (forums, specialized sites, etc.), the presence of a clear hierarchy and distribution was revealed roles in the execution of illegal actions.
Dysfunctional family as a determinant of mercenary and forcible crimes of minors and young people
Authors: Kulik L.M.
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the problems of criminological determination of mercenary and forcible crimes of minors and youth. The author defines dysfunctional family as one of the main determinants of mercenary and forcible crimes among minors and youth.

The article characterizes the influence of adversity in the family, defects of family upbringing on the formation of a young personality.

The author analyzes modern criminological concepts regarding family problems as determinants of juvenile and youth crime and notes that the aggravation of problems of family dysfunction against the general background of poverty and constant need, moral and social degradation that occurs in families, lead to extremely negative consequences.

It is a well-known fact that the intensity of crime is particularly high among minors and young people from disadvantaged families. Basically, drunkenness, drug addiction, and prostitution thrive in these families, there are no moral foundations, elementary culture. All this affects the formation of the character of the individual, because the influence of the family, upbringing is of decisive importance.

Negative socio-economic and political processes significantly weakened the importance of the family institution as a social institution that protected children and youth. The majority of juvenile criminals were brought up in dysfunctional, single­parent families with a critical financial situation, and were witnesses of scandals and fights.

Parents who lead an immoral lifestyle, are indifferent to the interests of the child, are unable to provide the proper conditions for the normal psychophysical development of the child, and the deterioration of the financial situation of families leads to the inaccessibility due to the increase in the prices of using the benefits of civilization and, combined with discomfort in the family, provokes minors spending more and more time outside.

The article provides a criminological description of the modern aspects of family dysfunction, which are associated with military actions and the temporary occupation of large territories, and also complements the classification of dysfunctional families, which is developed today by criminological science.
Interaction of political power and civil society: theoretical and legal aspect
Authors: Sylantieva I.
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of the theoretical and legal aspect of the interaction between political power and civil society. It was found that the interaction between political power and civil society is constantly gaining political sharpness and relevance, because the government cannot function effectively without mutual understanding and constructive interaction with civil society. Law-regulatory functions in relations between political power and civil society are defined. It has been found that currently in Ukraine the processes of both the formation of a democratic legal state and the institutionalization of civil society are taking place almost simultaneously, mutually complementing each other. The interaction between political power and civil society consists of two mutually responsible influences - the state on civil society and civil society on the state. Scientific views on the specificity and relevance of the interaction between political power and institutions of civil society are analyzed. It was established that the relationship between political power and civil society can be balanced only under the condition of "maturity" of civil society. Political activity of the public is a sign of a developed civil society and, accordingly, the foundation of democracy. It is theoretically substantiated that the main principles of interaction between political power and civil society include social partnership, ensuring equal opportunities, mutual responsibility, openness and transparency, non-interference, recognition by state authorities of various types of activities of public associations, increasing the effectiveness of the interaction process. The concept "vigorous civil society always weakens rather than strengthens democracy" is analyzed. The main reasons that prevent the proper interaction of the political authorities with the public are highlighted. It is substantiated that it is the effectiveness of the interaction between political power and civil society that determines the quality of the existing model of state-public administration, which has a direct impact on the process of state formation.
Non-compete agreements: actual problems of Ukrainian legislation
Authors: Ivaniura I. , Shevchenko D. , Zinchenko A.
Published: December 2023

This article is devoted to the study of non­competition agreements (prohibition of competition) in Ukrainian legislation, their legal regulation. This mechanism is used to regulate the relationship between the employer and the employee in order to protect the legitimate interests of the employer. The most common scientific approaches used to determine the legal nature of non-competition agreements in the legal doctrine, and they are evaluated. The authors established that, in essence, non-competition agreements are obligations with a negative content, despite that they are not provided for by the Civil Code of Ukraine.

The article analyzes the legislation of Western countries concerning non-compete agreements, in particular France, Italy and the USA. The authors came to the conclusion that the provisions of the legislation of these countries are similar and establish the following requirements for contracts of this type: 1) to be in writing; 2) remuneration for the employee; 3) the duration of the obligation which is mainly in several years, the applicable territory and activities that are prohibited to perform. If one of the conditions is missing, then this is the basis for declaring an agreement invalid.

Ukrainian legislation was analyzed, in particular the Law of Ukraine "On stimulating the Development of Digital Economy in Ukraine”, which provides for the concluding of non-compete agreements of Diya City residents. The authors came to the conclusion that, in general, Ukrainian labor legislation and civil legislation do not allow the conclusion of non­competition agreements, expect those provided for by the specified Law, because they violate human rights to work and entrepreneurial activity, and there are no laws that can limit these rights.

An analysis of judicial practice is carried out, which is diametrically opposite, to some extent contradictory, because it is at the stage of formation. Since non-competition agreements exist in practice, the authors come to the conclusion that this topic is subject to further research.
Judicial protection of civil rights and legally protected interests in Ukraine
Authors: Kochyna O. , Luhina E.
Published: December 2023

The article examines the concept of the right to judicial protection of civil rights and interests protected by law as one of the key categories in civil law. The normative-legal regulation of the right to judicial protection by national legislation is analyzed, in particular the consolidation of the concept of judicial protection in the provisions of the Constitution of Ukraine, the Civil Code of Ukraine and the Civil Procedure Code of Ukraine. Judicial protection is considered as one of the jurisdictional forms of civil protection. An important place in the system of judicial protection of civil rights and legally protected interests is occupied by the methods used in the judicial process and which ensure the effective resolution of civil cases. During the characterization of the list of protection methods established in the Civil Code, it was emphasized that the system of judicial protection methods is much broader, unlike other jurisdictional forms of protection. In the course of the characterization of judicial protection of the rights and interests of subjects of civil legal relations, the advantages of this form of protection were highlighted, including the presence of state guarantees that meet the standards of international law. However, at the current stage of the development of the civil justice system, the practical application of material and procedural norms related to the process of preparing and justifying the submission of an application to the court, the conduct of a judicial process, a number of shortcomings are observed, in particular, caused by the introduction of martial law in Ukraine, and which require the introduction of legislative changes for their solution. In the study, special attention was focused on trends in improving the quality of judicial protection of civil rights and interests. Within the framework of the implementation of the course of Ukraine's integration into the European Union, an important condition is the implementation of international standards and norms in the sphere of justice in the state. It is also noted that the improvement of the system of judicial protection of civil rights and interests is carried out depending on the successful implementation of the judicial reform, which is a large-scale complex of state measures aimed at building a modern, efficient and independent judicial branch of government in Ukraine.
Review of default judgment in civil proceedings
Authors: Fennych V.
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of the procedure for review of a decision in absentia in a civil proceeding by a court of first instance and its procedural consequences.

It is noted that there is a special and general procedure for reviewing a decision in absentia in a civil process, where submitting an application for review of a decision in absentia to the court that passed it is considered as a special procedure for reviewing it. It is indicated that this procedure can be considered in the context of self-control of the court of first instance in civil proceedings.

The subjects of submitting an application for review of a decision in absentia, its form, content, terms and procedure of submission are analyzed. Attention is drawn to the attachments to the application for review of the decision in absentia. It is indicated that the defendant has the right to submit such an application even if the decision in absentia is passed in his favor.

An application for review of a decision in absentia may not be considered by the court and returned to the person if he has not registered an electronic office in the Unified Judicial Information and Telecommunication System. Until such a person registers an electronic account, he cannot demand the cancellation of a decision in absentia. The specified procedural consequences also occur if the interests of a person who has not registered an electronic account are represented by a lawyer who has a registered electronic account. This manifests a limitation in a person's ability to protect his rights, freedoms and interests in court.

The procedure for considering an application for review of a decision in absentia is analyzed, and the grounds for court rulings on the satisfaction of such an application and cancellation of the decision in absentia or leaving the application unsatisfied are investigated. It is noted that the satisfaction of the application for review of the decision in absentia does not yet mean the adoption of the court decision automatically in favor of the defendant, since the consideration of the case starts from the beginning on general principles. The court will schedule a new court session to consider the merits of the case, informing all interested participants in the process.

Attention is drawn to the peculiarity of the defendant's exercise of the right to appeal against a decision in absentia or a repeated decision in absentia, and it is also indicated under which conditions this is possible. It is noted what to do if an application for annulment of a decision in absentia by the defendant and an appeal by the plaintiff was filed at the same time.
Economic and Legal Principles of Cybersecurity as a Prerequisite for the Introduction of Special Economic Regimes
Authors: Sieriebriak S.V.
Published: December 2023

The article conducts a scientific and practical study of the economic and legal aspects of the State policy in the field of cybercrime and its impact on business development in a particular region, country, etc. It is determined that the massive spread of cybercrime, the lack of effective mechanisms for combating economic crimes, and the leveling of conceptual approaches to creating an effective mechanism for legal support of the business environment development have a negative impact on the investment environment in particular and on ensuring sustainable development of the State as a whole. The author analyzes the regulatory and legal documents which form the legal basis of the mechanism for combating cybercrime, both at the international and national levels. The author identifies the weaknesses of the national system of legal regulation of cybersecurity. The author points out the sufficiency and fragmented nature of legislative support for cybersecurity and counteraction to the growth of economic crimes.

It is established that the significant vulnerability of Ukraine's information sphere is due to the excessive use of foreign-made material and technical means. It is emphasized that the international scale of the fight against cybercrime requires clarification and harmonization of national legislation in order to be able to cooperate with law enforcement agencies abroad. The article focuses on the low efficiency of Ukraine's current cybersecurity system and the urgent need to improve and optimize it. Achieving this will not only solve the problem of information space security, but also ensure the continuity and sustainability of Ukraine's economic development.

It is determined that one of the priority areas of work in the field of creating optimal conditions for business is the fight against computer crimes in the economic sphere. Among the main tasks in this area of activity is to counteract the legalization of shadow income. The analysis of money laundering schemes shows that organized crime is very interested in using the capabilities of electronic payment systems which allow for instant money transfers with almost complete anonymity of counterparties.
Legal education activity of subjects of management of the system of providing free legal aid
Authors: Shovkun А.А.
Published: December 2023

The scientific article describes current issues of legal education in the field of law, its role and its objectives in the system of providing free legal aid in Ukraine. This article characterizes the main legal education requirements for the subjects of management of the system of providing free legal aid. We have analyzed legal acts that regulate certain issues of management of the system of providing free legal aid, such as the Law of Ukraine “On Free Legal Aid”, the Provision on Free Secondary Legal Aid Centres, the Provision on Coordination Centre for Legal Aid Provision, and the Model Regulation on the Legal Aid Office, which made it possible to identify such subjects of legal education in the system of management of free legal aid, such as the regional and local Legal Aid Centres, the Coordination Centre for Legal Aid Provision, and the Legal Aid Office. The article emphasizes that legal clinics, which are structural divisions of higher educational institutions, are also involved in legal education activity. We highlight that the subjects of management in the free legal aid system carry out legal education at all levels of managerial influence. The article emphasizes that the role of forms of cooperation such as the conclusion of memorandums and agreements between the subjects of management of the system of providing free legal aid and other institutions and organizations in the system of providing free legal aid has been increasing recently. In addition, we paid special attention to the importance of the functioning of legal clubs “PRAVOKATOR”, which play an important role in the professional training and development of the staff of the free legal aid system, as well as the functioning of the Distance Learning Platform on the basis of such clubs.Furthermore, the article describes the features of the functioning of the information platform for legal consultations “WikiLegalAid”, which was created to improve the quality, completeness and efficiency of legal consultations by employees of regional and local centres as well as the exchange of experience.We have also analyzed its role in the legal education activity of the subjects of management of the system of free legal aid.