bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rh(III)-Catalyzed [4+3] Annulation: Temperature Dependent Stereodivergent Synthesis of Point-Planar Chiral Ferrocene Fused Azepines.
Authors: Thorat Raviraj Ananda , Parganiha Devendra , Shakir Batul , Rohilla Komal , Raju Saravanan , Singh Vikram , KUMAR SANGIT
Published: August 2023

Planar chiral ferrocenes are extensively investigated structures in asymmetric catalysis, materials science, and medicinal chemistry. Although the synthetic approaches for six-membered fused planar chiral ferrocenes are well-established, the construction of a seven-membered fused ring via [4+3] annulation has remained unexplored and seems to be challenging. Herein, an efficient rhodium-catalyzed temperature-dependent stereodivergent [4+3] annulation reaction has been developed for the synthesis of novel seven-membered ferrocenylazepines via C-H activation of substituted ferrocene-p-tosylamides with allenes. At room temperature, Rh-catalyzed [4+3] annulation selectively offered one diastereomer (>20:1 dr), whereas, at 60 ºC, another diastereomer was obtained exclusively (>20:1 dr). Further, [4+3] annulation reaction in the presence of chiral RhCpX catalyst (2 mol %) yielded chiral ferrocenyl azepines in 56% yield and up to 90:10 er. Mechanistic investigations by control experiments, iso-topic labelling study, and DFT computation suggested that the reaction proceeds via a formation of a σ-bonded rhodacycle, having low energy due to less steric repulsion between the phenyl ring of allene and Cp*(pentamethyl cyclopentadienyl), which upon reductive elimination offered kinetically controlled diastereomer. Under heating (60 ºC) conditions and in the presence of a base, kinetically controlled diastereomer could undergo CH-allylic isomerization to afford completely thermodynamic controlled diastereomer, which has also been observed experimentally.
K-ion slides in Prussian Blue Analogues
Authors: Cattermull John , Roth Nikolaj , Cassidy Simon , Pasta Mauro , Goodwin Andrew
Published: August 2023

We study the phenomenology of cooperative off-centering of K+ ions in potassiated Prussian blue analogues. The principal distortion mechanism by which this off-centering occurs is termed a `K-ion slide', and its origin is shown to lie in the interaction between local electrostatic dipoles that couple through a combination of electrostatics and elastic strain. Using synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction measurements, we determine the crystal structures of a range of low-vacancy K2M[Fe(CN)6] PBAs (M = Mn, Co, Fe, Ni, Cd) and establish an empirical link between composition, temperature, and slide-distortion magnitude. Our results reflect a common underlying physics responsible for K-ion slides and their evolution with temperature and composition. Monte Carlo simulations driven by a simple model of dipolar interactions and strain coupling reproduce the general features of the experimental phase behaviour. We discuss the implications of our study for optimising the performance of PBA K-ion battery cathode materials, and also its relevance to distortions in other, conceptually related, hybrid perovskites.
Electrocatalytic enhancement of CO methanation at the metal-electrolyte interface studied by in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
Authors: Thurner Christoph Walter , Haug Leander , Winkler Daniel , Griesser Christoph , Matthias Leitner , Moser Toni , Werner Daniel , Thaler Marco , Scheibel Lucas Andreas , Götsch Thomas , Carbonio Emilia , Kunze-Liebhäuser Julia , Portenkirchner Engelbert , Penner Simon , Klötzer Bernhard
Published: August 2023

For the direct reduction of CO2 and H2O in solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) with cermet electrodes toward methane, a fundamental understanding of the role of elemental carbon as a key intermediate within the reaction pathway is of eminent interest. The present synchrotron-based in situ near-ambient-pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (NAP-XPS) study shows that alloying of Ni/yttria-stabilized-zirconia (YSZ) cermet electrodes with Cu can be used to control the electrochemical accumulation of interfacial carbon, and to optimize its reactivity toward CO2. In the presence of syngas, sufficiently high cathodic potentials induce excess methane on the studied Ni/yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ)-, NiCu/YSZ- and Pt/gadolinium doped ceria (GDC) cermet systems. The hydrogenation of carbon resulting from CO activation at the triple-phase boundary of Pt/GDC is most efficient.
Optimal-Control-Based Cβ Chemical Shift Encoding for Efficient Signal Assignment of Solid Proteins
Authors: Tamaki Hajime , Matsuki Yoh
Published: August 2023

Fast magic-angle spinning (MAS) solid-state NMR spectroscopy is a powerful tool for gaining structural and dynamics in-formation on solid proteins. To access such information site-specifically, the signal assignment process is unavoidable. In the assignment process, Cα and Cβ chemical shifts are of paramount importance in identifying the type of the amino acid residues. Conventionally, however, recording the Cβ chemical shift of solid proteins with relatively short transverse relaxa-tion time is often limited by the long delay required for the magnetization transfer to Cβ spins and its evolution, i.e., by the sensitivity drop. In this paper, we propose a new method that encodes the Cβ chemical shifts into the intensities of the sca-lar-coupled Cα signals, by combining an optimal-control-based spin manipulation pulse and a spin-state filter. This reduced the total required transverse evolution to less than half of that for the previously proposed method, opening up the concept of the Cβ-encoding nearest-neighbor NMR, for the first time, to solid proteins. Also, the total measurement time was shorter than that required for the explicit Cβ shift evolution. We demonstrate the sequential signal assignment for microcrystalline protein GB1, then discuss the prospects for more challenging proteins.
Breast cancer: genetic personal risk factors: A review
Authors: Zolotykh Maria A. , Bilyalov Airat I. , Nesterova Alfiya I. , Gimranov Albert M. , Filina Julia V. , Rizvanov Albert A. , Miftakhova Regina R.
Published: August 2023

Determination of cancer risk factors allow us to develop diagnostics tests that improved identification and reduced the rate of mortality of most frequent cancer diseases including breast cancer, prostate cancer, gastrointestinal tumors. Today individual risk of breast cancer considers personal genetics, medical history of patient, lifestyle, and a number of additional factors. Calculation of the first mathematical models for breast cancer risk assessment included anthropometric data, hormonal status, and family history of cancer. The discovery of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes role in the development of breast cancer and the accumulation of data from population studies contributed to the introduction of the genetic component into mathematical models. The trend of the last decade is the integration of the polygenic component into the scheme for calculating the individual risk of breast cancer. In this review, we have analyzed existing models, assessed their relevance for certain groups of patients, studied the trends in the development of methods for molecular genetic diagnosis of breast cancer and determining the personal risk of developing the disease.
Subacute thyroiditis: clinical significance of diffuse 18-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake. Case report
Authors: Ognerubov Nikolai A. , Antipova Tatiana S. , Palkina Elena E.
Published: August 2023

Background. Subacute thyroiditis is a rare inflammatory thyroid disease presumably associated with viral infection, including COVID-19. It accounts for about 5% of all thyroid diseases.
Materials and methods. A clinical case of de Quervain's subacute thyroiditis in a patient with diffuse hypermetabolic 18-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake by the thyroid gland is presented.
Results. A 61-year-old patient with no history of thyroid disorders 3 weeks after COVID-19 experienced fever in the evenings (37.839.8C). He had moderate pain in the thyroid gland with radiation to the jaw, severe weakness, hand tremors, shivers, 12 kg weight loss, and sweating. These symptoms lasted for 3 weeks. Physical examination showed an enlarged thyroid gland, dense and extremely tender, especially its left lobe. Ultrasound showed an enlarged thyroid gland with a heterogeneous structure and large hypoechoic areas in both lobes up to 47 mm with fuzzy contour. Color Doppler imaging revealed reduced blood flow. Combined positron-emission and X-ray computed tomography with 18-fluorodeoxyglucose showed an increased diffuse uptake of the radiopharmaceutical in the thyroid gland and enlargement of its lobes, SUVmax 10.55. Blood thyroid-stimulating hormone is low, free triiodothyronine and thyroxine are high, and ferritin concentration is markedly increased, consistent with thyrotoxicosis. A fine-needle aspiration biopsy was performed. Cytology confirmed de Quervain's subacute thyroiditis. Glucocorticoids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were administered. Four weeks after the treatment, the clinical manifestations resolved. The patient was assessed in 6 months. Ultrasound showed a thyroid gland of regular size with smooth contours; color Doppler mapping revealed normal blood flow. Thyroid-stimulating hormone, triiodothyronine, and thyroxine were within reference ranges.
Conclusion. The SARS-CoV-2 virus can be regarded as the cause of subacute thyroiditis. Combined positron-emission and X-ray computed tomography with 18-fluorodeoxyglucose showed diffuse intensive radiopharmaceutical uptake in the thyroid gland. Cytology is the basis for differential diagnostics. Glucocorticoids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the first-choice agents.
REPEATABILITY CYCLES OF RIVER DISCHARGES: CAN WE IDENTIFY DISCHARGE PATTERNS? A CASE STUDY OF THE SOUTH MORAVA RIVER (SERBIA),
Authors:   University of Belgrade, Faculty of Geography, Studentski trg 3/3, Belgrade, Serbia, LANGOVIĆ Marko , ŽIVKOVIĆ Nenad , DRAGIĆEVIĆ Slavoljub , LUKOVIĆ Jelena
Published: August 2023

Water scarcity, unequal access to water resources, and the impact of climate change on water availability are among the major global environmental concerns. As dynamic and vulnerable water subjects, rivers are constantly exposed to the pressure of natural conditions variability (primarily climatic) and direct anthropogenic influences. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate river regime dynamics over longer periods to adapt the water management sector, and human demands to any observed variations in river discharge. Observing the periodicity or cyclicity of the occurrence of certain discharge values is an important topic of modern physical geography and hydrology research. Statistics and hydrologic modelling provide great opportunities for observing cyclicality and forecasting future trends. The aim of this paper is to indicate the importance of specific statistical methods of autocorrelation and spectral analysis to study the repeatability of mean annual and maximum discharges. The South Morava River in Serbia (HS: Mojsinje, Korvingrad, Grdelica) has been selected as a case study. The obtained results (period: 1924-2021) indicated the significant cyclicity of mean annual discharges, especially pronounced at the upstream hydrological station Grdelica (3.5-year cycle) and downstream hydrological station Mojsinje (19.5-year cycle). These cyclicities are mostly influenced by variations in the amount of precipitation received from the upper part of the river basin (R > 0.6). In contrast, no regular cycles of maximum annual discharge values were determined in the studied period. The obtained results can be important for future detailed geographic and hydrologic studies as well as for the development of strategies and plans in the field of water management, environmental protection, spatial planning, prevention of floods and droughts, etc.
Phytochemical and Proximate Evaluation of Fresh and Spoilt Fruits of Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Sold in Five Major Markets in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria
Authors:   Deparment of Plant Biology & Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Chime Anthonia Odinita
Published: August 2023

Tomatoes contribute to healthy, well-balanced diet. They are rich in minerals, vitamins, essential amino acids, sugar and dietary fibres. It contains much vitamin B and C, iron and phosphorus. Tomato fruits are consumed fresh in salads or cooked in sauces, soup and meat or fish dishes. Phytochemical compounds are desirable compounds in our food because of their antioxidant properties. The study of phytochemical and proximate evaluation of fresh and spoilt tomatoes fruits obtained from five markets in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria was carried out. This aim to investigate the phytochemical and proximate constituents of both fresh and spoilt tomatoes fruit. A total of 400 tomatoes were randomly purchased from the five markets in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. In each market, 40 fresh (firm and undamaged) and 40 spoilt (damaged and spoilt) tomatoes were purchased from 10 different sellers. Samples were separately packaged into different sterile containers, labelled, and transported to the laboratory immediately for phytochemical and proximate analysis. The phytochemical and proximate composition analyses were carried out using the official methods of analysis of analytical chemists laboratory procedures. The result shows a significant difference in value of phytochemical and proximate composition in both fresh and spoilt tomato fruits. The value of crude carbohydrate, crude protein, crude fat, saponin, flavonoids and alkaloids were higher in fresh tomato fruits than spoilt fruit while moisture, crude ash, crude fibre, tannins and polyphenols were higher in spoilt tomato fruits than in fresh fruits. This study has shown that spoilage reduces some important phytochemical and proximate constituents of tomato fruits
Phycoremediation of Laundry Wastewater Using Chlorella vulgaris (Beijerinck)
Authors:   Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria, Akhere Mabel Amen
Published: August 2023

A study of the effect laundry wastewater on the microalga Chlorella vulgaris was carried out. The study was carried out using different treatments 0% (control), 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% of laundry wastewater. The microalgal growth responses were determined optically using absorbance on spectrophotometer at 750nm. Samples were analyzed for physicochemical parameters such as pH, temperature, total dissolved solids, conductivity, biochemical oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand using standard methods. Descriptive statistics, inferential (One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc test Duncan multiple range (DMR) were done using Microsoft excel 2010 and statistical package for social science SPSS 22. The results showed that different concentrations of laundry wastewater stimulated the growth of Chlorella vulgaris with 50% treatment having the highest yield (3.2), followed by 40% treatment (2.7) and the control (0%) had the least yield of 0.6. There was a significant increase in pH and temperature while there was a decrease in total dissolved solids, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand and conductivity. The level of reduction in COD was from 1340mg/L to 364mg/L, which indicated that Chlorella vulgaris has the potential to bioremediate laundry wastewater.
Vernonia amygdalina Extract Reverts Hematological and Biochemical Alterations in Rats Exposed to N-Nitroso-N-Ethyl Urea
Authors:   Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria., Olugbenga Olufunke T. , . Okpuzor Joy E
Published: August 2023

Environmental carcinogens or exogenous carcinogens includes chemical, biological, and physical agents that have the potential to increase cancer risk because of prolonged high prevalence of exposure. Exposure can be through the respiratory, digestive, cutaneous or other possible contamination routes. N-Nitroso-N-ethyl urea (NEU), an ethylating agent has been described as a very potent transplacental teratogen and carcinogen in rodents. Plants have been investigated to protect against the effect of environmental carcinogens due to their arrays of phytochemicals. 35Female albino rats of average ages 10weeks were rats exposed to freshly prepared 3 fractionated doses of 50 mg/kg N-Nitroso-N-ethyl urea dissolved in 1/15 M phosphate buffer, given intraperitoneally and treated with varying concentrations of Vernonia amygdalina leaf aqueous extracts. At the end of the test period, hematological and biochemical parameters were determined in blood samples. Compared to the control group, the NEU exposed rats treated group showed significances in several hematological parameters, including decreases in white blood cell (WBC), red blood cell (RBC), and platelet (PLT) counts. Furthermore, in comparison to the control group, the NEU exposed rats showed significantly (p<0.05) increased blood glucose, serum total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL-cholesterol), triacylglycerols levels and igh density lipoprotein (HDL-cholesterol) level. The hematological and biochemical parameters in the NEU exposed rats treated group were similar to control group. V. amygdalina extract significantly (P<0.05) restored the hematological and biochemical parameters in N-Nitroso-N-ethyl urea exposed rats
Effects of Senna alata Aqueous Extract on the Hematological and Biochemical Alterations in Rats Exposed to N-Nitroso-N-Ethyl Urea
Authors:   Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria, Olugbenga Olufunke T. , Okpuzo Joy E.
Published: August 2023

The effect of carcinogen exposure has been established to alter biochemical and hematological profiles in humans. Secondary metabolites from plant sources like flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and others have been found to be potent anticancer agents and also investigated to protect against the effect of environmental carcinogens. Female albino rats were rats exposed to freshly prepared 3 fractionated doses of 50 mg/kg N-Nitroso-N-ethyl urea (carcinogen) dissolved in 1/15 M Phosphate buffer, given intraperitoneally and treated with varying concentrations of Senna alata plant aqueous extracts. At the end of the test period, hematological and biochemical parameters were determined in blood and serum samples. Compared to the control group, the carcinogen exposed rats treated group showed significances in several hematological parameters, including decreases in White blood cell (WBC), Red blood cell (RBC), and Platelet (PLT) counts. Furthermore, in comparison to the control group, the carcinogen exposed rats showed significantly increased blood glucose, serum total cholesterol, Low density lipoprotein (LDL-cholesterol), triacylglycerols levels and High density lipoprotein (HDL-cholesterol) level. The hematological and biochemical parameters in the carcinogen exposed rats treated group were approximately similar to control group. The S. alata extract significantly (P<0.05) restored the hematological and biochemical parameters in N-Nitroso-N-ethyl urea carcinogen exposed rats
Effect of Acute Administration of Ethanol Extract of Cannabis sativa Leaf on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Male and Female Wistar Rats
Authors:   Departmentof Human Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, Nigeria., Oluwasola Amuda , Muzzammill S.S. , Ayoola O.E , Odetayo A.F. , Balogun M.E. , Comfort A.M. , Aishat N.H , Deborah O.J. , Adekunle O.J. , Nkemdili V.J. , Zainab S.O. , Mariam E.B ,   Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Federal University of Health Sciences, Ila-Orangun, Nigeria,   Department of Public Health, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kwara State University, Malete P.M.B. 1530, Ilorin, Nigeria.
Published: August 2023

Oxidative stress is a phenomenon caused by an imbalance between production and accumulation of oxygen reactive species (ROS) in the cells and tissues and the ability of a biological system to detoxify these reactive products. This study investigated the acute effect of different doses of ethanolic extract annabis sativa (EECS) on oxidative stress biomarkers in male (M) and female (F) Wister rats. Twenty male rats (170 g ± 1.24) and twenty female rats (150 g ± 1.05) were separately assigned into four groups of five animals each for male and female, such that the rats in groups IM and IF, IIM and IIF, IIIM and IIIF and IVM and IVF received orally 1 mL of distilled water, 2 mg/kg body weight (BW) of EECS, 4 mg/kg BW of EECS and 6 mg/kg BW of EECS respectively for twenty one (21) days. Catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Glutathione reductase (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were determined using standard methods. Administration of different doses (2 mg/kg BW, 4 mg/kg BW and 6 mg/kg BW) of EECS significantly (p<0.05) decreased catalase, SOD, GPx, GSH and TAC levels respectively when compared with the control. However, Cannabis sativa (CS) increased MDA and LDH levels significantly (p<0.05) when compared with the control. It was deduced that these alterations in oxidative stress biomarkers were dependent on the doses of CS consumed. Thus, the more the concentration of CS consumed, the more it may affect oxidative stress biomarkers negatively. In addition, all these effects of CS on oxidative stress biomarkers were more in male than in female.
The Relationship of Organization and Technology to the Application of Activity-Based Cost Accounting Systems in Enterprises in Hanoi
Authors: Nguyen Tuan Anh
Published: August 2023

Purpose: The article analyzes the relationship of organization and technology to the application of an activity-based cost accounting system in enterprises in Hanoi, providing more empirical evidence on the relationship between organizations and individuals. organization and technology to the application of an activity-based cost accounting system in enterprises in Hanoi.
 
Theoretical framework: This paper uses the The innovation diffusion theory, The resource theory, The theory of cost-benefit analysis.
 
Design/Methodology/Approach: The research method uses a questionnaire survey of accountants, chief accountants, business managers. After the survey results are available, perform data processing by statistical methods to determine the weight and frequency of selected factors, process the data on SPSS statistics 25 software, analyze the reliability of the data. factors as well as factor measurement criteria, and at the same time apply statistical methods to synthesize and compare to estimate the impact of the relationship of organization and technology on the application of the application of activity-based cost accounting systems in enterprises in Hanoi.
 
Findings: The research results show that the support of managers, the leader, the size of the organization, the ABC consultants, the cost, the variety and complexity of the product, and the relative advantage have a positive relationship with the job. applying an activity-based cost accounting system in enterprises in Hanoi.
 
Research,  practical   &   social   implications: Based on the research results, the author has proposed recommendations to apply the activity-based cost accounting system in enterprises in Hanoi.
 
Originality/Value: This study fills the gap in The relationship of organization and technology to the application of activity-based cost accounting systems in enterprises in Hanoi.
Stock and Currency Market Linkages: An Empirical Analysis from Emerging Economies
Authors: Bijoy Kumar
Published: August 2023

Purpose: The Causality relationship between forex and stock market in any economy is dependent on its economic fundamentals. This study examines return and volatility linkages between stock and currency markets for 28 emerging economies weekly MSCI stock index values (in local currency) and foreign exchange rates (indirect quotes) from 1988 to 2019.
 
Theoretical Framework: The understanding of the relationship between forex and stock markets through return and volatility spillover will help in predicting behavior of one market on account of the knowledge of movements in another market. Impact of global financial crisis (GFC) on this relationship is another dimension of research. This study finds the causal relationship between forex and stock markets through return and volatility spillover for all emerging economies along with the effect of GFC on the relationship.
 
Design/Methodology/Approach: The empirical analysis is conducted for the total period and three sub-periods namely pre-global financial crisis, crisis, and post-crisis periods by using the Granger Causality test (Granger 1969) followed by Vector Auto Regression (VAR) model and finally the Dynamic Conditional Correlations (DCC), a multivariate model proposed by Engle (2002). The volatility linkages are studied by employing BEKK-GARCH (Baba, Engle, Kraft, & Kroner, 1990)
 
Findings: It is found that return spillovers are predominantly from Stock to forex markets during the pre-crisis and crisis period but from forex to stock market in the post-crisis period. The increasing presence of return relationships from 10 countries in the pre-crisis period to 19 countries during the crisis period, implying a contagion effect.  The BEKK-GARCH result confirm that volatility spillovers are observed throughout from forex to stock markets.
 
Research, practical & social implications: More extensive return and volatility associations between stock and forex market after the global financial crisis confirm the increasing importance of economic fundamentals. Return linkages exhibit contagion against the decoupling effect observed in volatility spillovers during the crisis period.
 
Originality/Value: Based on empirical observations, the study attempts to provide important policy implications for Policy makers, global investors, and academic community.
Complex Education Policy for Complex Times?
Authors: Wood Bronwyn , Higgins Joanna
Published: August 2023

Any glance at education in New Zealand right now reveals a multitude of issues. In the schooling sector the declining rates of literacy and numeracy have been in the news, following a 2020 UNICEF report which found that only 64.6% of Aotearoa New Zealand 15-year-olds had basic proficiency in reading and maths (Hood and Hughson, 2022). Covid-19 has had a negative impact on students’ wellbeing and also contributed to significant declines in learning, especially for lower decile schools and children in Auckland (Education Review Office, 2021). While students’ wellbeing has improved somewhat in 2023, the loss of learning is still significant, with more than half of principals reporting concerns with writing, and growing behavioural issues and inequalities in student achievement (Education Review Office, 2023).
Public Housing in an Urban Setting: an inclusive wellbeing framework
Authors: Grimes Arthur , Howden-Chapman Philippa , Riggs Lynn , Smith Conal
Published: August 2023

We outline a wellbeing framework to underpin analysis within a major research programme in which a key component is to examine effects of public housing on tenant wellbeing. The wellbeing framework is designed to be inclusive by drawing on multiple international approaches to wellbeing (especially the capabilities and subjective wellbeing approaches) and on te ao Māori and Pacific wellbeing frameworks. Key features of the framework are that it: emphasises both individual and whänau wellbeing; enables wellbeing judgements to be made by the tenants themselves; allows for co-determination of factors affecting wellbeing; and allows for interpersonal factors to affect wellbeing. We describe surveys of public housing tenants being conducted within the research programme and outline how they can be analysed with reference to the inclusive wellbeing framework.
'At the arbitrary disposal of the Government': 'Loyal' Māori, confiscation and the operation of the Compensation Court in South Auckland and Waikato 1865-67.
Authors:   , Thomas Sandra
Published: August 2023

Over a million acres of land was confiscated under the New Zealand Settlements Act 1863 following the Waikato war of 1863-64. It was acquired from 'rebel' and 'loyal' Māori alike, but a specialist court was established in 1865 which could award compensation to applicants it deemed 'loyal' and who could satisfy the Court that they had an ownership interest in the confiscated land. This study examines the ways in which the various parts of the state machinery situated the confiscation of land from its 'friends', and the process for compensating them, within the context of the wider 'colonising project'. In exploring the establishment of a Compensation Court and its operations in South Auckland and the Waikato in the period 1856-67, the thesis provides a case study of both the mechanisms of confiscation and the state's rationalisations for such coercion.

Analysis based principally on archival records of the Compensation Court's sittings and decisions, supplemented by newspaper and other research, reveals both how the Court determined its awards and the motivations that underpinned its work. Its proponents argued that it not only adequately protected the property interests of loyal Māori but also provided them with benefits. Its critics, however, perceived it to be a Māori-phile organisation impeding settlers from achieving their goals in the new colony. Even Senior Judge Francis Dart Fenton, after the Court's hearings were first complete, told of his surprise that the legislation was so 'tender' of Māori interests. This study explores the exercises undertaken by the Court's judges to determine both loyalty and ownership interests, to value the land, and to make awards in cash and later in land, based on either its own findings or in response to out of court arrangements 'negotiated' by the Crown Agent. The overarching purpose of such legal mechanisms and methods was to legitimise the government's decision to confiscate land from friends as well as foes, a decision which put the land of loyal Māori at the 'arbitrary disposal' of the settler government. Despite some minimal efforts by the Court to mitigate the effects of state policy, the thesis finds that the interests of loyal Māori were sacrificed, in the name of the public good, to the interests of the settlers, the New Zealand state, and the colonizing project.
The effect of a single dose of selenium with vitamin E on oxidative stress and fertilization indicators of ram sperm over the course of spermatogenesis
Authors: Dolník Michal , Mudroňová Dagmar , Lazar Gabriel , Kadaši Marián , Horňáková Ľubica , Mudroň Pavol
Published: August 2023

The aim of the experiment was to determine the effect of a single subcutaneous administration of selenium (Se) + vitamin E on the ejaculate volume, sperm count and viability, level of apoptosis and oxidative stress (OS) and Se concentration in ejaculates and blood of rams with respect to the time course of the spermatogenic cycle. The experimental group (EG; n = 6) was treated with a single injection of Selevit at a dose of 5 ml per animal (11 mg of sodium selenite and 125 mg of vitamin E/per animal). The control group (CG; n = 4) was treated in the same way, only with saline. Samples of blood and ejaculates were collected from each ram prior to application of Se and on the 1st, 14th, 26th, 38th, 50thand 62ndday after injection. Results showed that the Se concentration in the blood of EG was significantly higher only 24 h after application. Selenium concentration in the ejaculates of the EG was higher during the whole duration of the experiment (62 days), but significantly so only until day 14. The level of OS was significantly reduced on day 1, 14, and 62 after application of Selevit. There were no significant differences in the other analysed indicators. The results showed that one subcutaneous injection of Selevit had a positive effect on Se concentration and OS level in ejaculates, but was not sufficient to improve other monitored sperm quality indicators.
Investigation of Salmonella types and its antibiotic resistance profile and determination of parasite carrier in free-living hedgehogs in Istanbul, Türkiye
Authors: Metiner Kemal , Sigirci Belgi Diren , Çetinkaya Handan
Published: August 2023

Hedgehogs, which are kept as pets worldwide, are prohibited from being sold or kept as pets in Türkiye. The aim of the study was to investigate Salmonella and endo-parasite carriage in hedgehogs and to determine the antibacterial resistance profiles of isolated Salmonella agents. Free-range hedgehogs living in parks and gardens of Istanbul that were brought to veterinary clinics by animal lovers for check-up and treatment were used for sampling. Thirty faecal samples were taken from the animals. For bacteriological examinations, samples were seeded on selective media, and then the isolates were identified by conventional methods as Salmonella spp. Identification and antibiotic susceptibilities of the isolates were determined by the BD Phoenix Automated Microbiology System. All faecal samples were also investigated by PCR for Salmonella spp. specific gene regions. The aminoglycoside and quinolone resistance profiles of the strains were analysed by PCR. On parasitological examination, samples were analysed for parasites’ eggs, oocysts, and larvae. Two Salmonella isolates were determined as Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium), whose antigenic formula was 4,5,12:i:1,2. The isolates were phenotypically resistant to ciprofloxacin but did not harbour any of the genes examined. Out of 30 faecal samples, 19 (63.3%) were positive for one or more genera of parasites. The hedgehogs were infected with the species of Capillaria spp. (60%), Crenosoma spp. (13.3%), Eimeria spp. (10%) and Acanthocephala spp. (6.6%). This study is the first report of Salmonella carrier and internal parasite fauna of hedgehogs in Istanbul, Türkiye.
Estratégias de desenvolvimento econômico para os países do Sul Global:
Authors: MOREIRA BRITO BASTOS REMO
Published: August 2023

O objetivo do presente artigo consiste em examinar, à luz da Sociologia do Desenvolvimento, as estratégias de desenvolvimento econômico efetivamente adotadas pelos primeiros países que conseguiram de fato alcançá-lo, pelos que tardiamente o fizeram e pelos que ainda não conseguiram. Será observado que cada estratégia privilegiou as concepções teóricas de uma ou mais escolas de pensamento econômico, levando a resultados históricos que refletem o nível de sucesso de cada estratégia, que são, no decorrer do artigo, cotejados com as devidas fundamentações da perspectiva teórica adotada. No que diz respeito à metodologia, adotou-se uma abordagem qualitativa, fazendo-se uso de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Concluiu-se que a compreensão dos condicionantes e determinantes de cada estratégia estudada constitui aporte indispensável, especialmente destinado aos formuladores de políticas de desenvolvimento dos países que ainda perseguem os progressos econômico e social de suas nações.
A importância da matriz africana para a construção da identidade afro-brasileira da cidade de Cachoeira, BA
Authors: Correia Sandro
Published: August 2023

O objetivo deste trabalho é mostrar como a constituição da cidade de Cachoeira teve o elemento de matriz africana representado pelos Terreiros de Candomblé, Terreiros de Umbanda e as Irmãs da Irmandade da Nossa Senhora da Boa Morte. A metodologia adotada foi a do trabalho de campo e da observação participante, utilizando-se de publicações locais específicas sobre a temática. Os principais dados demonstram uma articulação entre os Terreiros de Candomblé, Terreiros de Umbanda e Irmãs da Irmandade da Boa Morte na construção de um conjunto de procedimentos que atuam no fortalecimento, preservação e conservação da identidade afro-brasileira da cidade de Cachoeira, sendo, por muitos, considerada um território de preservação do patrimônio de matriz africana.
LIMITS OF COGNITIVE ACTIVITY OF SUBJECTS OF PUBLIC EXAMINATION
Authors: KAUNOV ALEKSANDR
Published: August 2023

The article analyzes the problematic issues concerning the limits of the use of coercion during the public survey.

The author considers two approaches existing among scientists engaged in the study of the prob-lems of operational investigative activities concerning the limits of cognitive activity of subjects of public examination. The article analyzes the arguments of adherents of both approaches regarding the content of the survey conducted in the vowel form.

The author of the article proposes amendments to the legislation regulating operational-investigative legal relations by fixing the rules concerning the procedure for conducting a public sur-vey, as well as the legal status of the person in respect of whom it is carried out.
FEATURES OF REPORTING ON THE ACHIEVEMENT OF THE THRESHOLD VALUE OF THE RESULT OF GRANTING SUBSIDIES FOR CURRENT ASSETS OF DAIRY CATTLE BREEDING
Authors: Klychova Guzaliya , Parfenova Kseniya
Published: August 2023

In the article, the authors identified the main programs and activities aimed at the development of dairy cattle breeding, systematized information on accounting for state support in the field of reimbursement of costs for basic activities in agriculture, and also developed an improved form 13-APK "Report on production, costs, cost and sale of livestock products" supplemented by section 13-5 "Report on the achievement of the threshold value of the result of subsidies for current assets of dairy cattle breeding", which will provide reliable information on the performance indicators of the organization in order to form a report on the development of state support.
Analysis of the implementation of projects of modern Russian high-tech industries under the sanctions of unfriendly states
Authors: Kuznetsov Sergey
Published: August 2023

The article presents the results of the analysis of the implementation of projects of modern Russian high-tech industries under the sanctions of unfriendly states. The dynamics of indicators of innovative activity of Russian enterprises and the release of innovative products by them during the implementation of a number of large-scale projects is analyzed. The ratio of the costs of innovation activity to the volume of output of innovative products by Russian enterprises is analyzed.
The Effect of Competence on Student Readiness in the World of Work with Confidence as the Intervening Variable
Authors: Saputra Rendy , Rosita Sry , Chairunnisa Fitri
Published: August 2023

The study aims to determine the effect of competence on student readiness in the face of the work world or known as the work readiness with confidence as an intervening variable. The target of this research is on Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka  (MBKM) Students Strata 1 Management Studies Program of Faculty of Economics and Business Universitas Jambi. Population and sample for this study were MBKM students amounting to 190 students with the number of samples 66 students. This research is a quantitative research, the data used in this study obtained through the questionnaire method is composed. Methods of data analysis This research is descriptive statistical analysis using Structural Equantion (SEM) technique, with Partial Least Square (PLS) as a process of priority using the SmartPLS program (v.3.3.9). The results of this study prove that the competence has a positive and significant effect on the readiness of work, competence has a positive and significant influence on confidence, confidence has a positive and significant influence on work readiness, competence has positive and significant purses on work readiness through MBKM Student Strata 1 State of Management Studies Faculty of Economics and Business Universitas Jambi
Chinese Pursuit of Energy Security via Partnerships’ Development within the SCO Mechanism
Authors: Popovic Slobodan , Stevic Ljiljana
Published: August 2023

This paper aims to examine the impact of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) on China’s pursuit of energy security. As the first multilateral cooperation mechanism is initiated by China, the SCO is guided by Chinese values and emphasizes the development of partnerships instead of alliances. The research question focuses on whether the SCO and its Energy Club operate as a multilateral mechanism when it comes to energy cooperation or if bilateral arrangements are needed for China to secure its energy needs. The paper will explore the energy potential offered by the SCO, particularly since Iran became a full member state and Qatar and Saudi Arabia became dialogue partners. It will also examine to what extent the SCO helps China in making “Petro Yuan” and how it impacts China’s energy security from both continental and maritime aspects. The authors will use descriptive statistics and content qualitative analysis to evaluate the results within the SCO regarding energy security, as well as a literature review in the field of energy security and diplomacy, with a specific focus on bi-multilateralism. The paper’s contributions will include recommendations for a better understanding of energy security issues within the scope of Chinese instigated mechanisms of cooperation and diversification of sources and cooperation that brings new geopolitical and geoeconomic “question marks”.
Prevalence of basal stem rot (BSR) disease of coconut in coastal and inland districts of Tamil Nadu
Authors:   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003 Tamilnadu, G KARTHIKEYAN , A KARTHIKEYAN ,   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003 Tamilnadu, K KARUNANITHI ,   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003 Tamilnadu, T RAGUCHANDER ,   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003 Tamilnadu, K.P PRABAKAR ,   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003 Tamilnadu
Published: August 2023

Field survey on the incidence of Basal Stem Rot (BSR) disease of coconut was conducted in eleven coastal districts viz., Thiruvallur, Villupuram, Cuddalore, Nagapattinam, Thiruvarur, Thanjavur, Pudukkottai, Ramanathapuram, Tuticorin, Kanyakumari and Chengalpattu and in nine inland districts viz., Madurai, Dindigul, Tiruchirapalli, Karur, Perambalur, Salem, Namakkal, Dharmapuri and Krishnagiri of Tamil Nadu. In Tamil Nadu, the district-wise incidence of BSR disease in coconut ranged from 0.11 to 5.43 per cent with a mean incidence of 2.06 per cent. The incidence of BSR ranged from 1.06 to 5.43 per cent with a mean incidence of 3.64 per cent in the coastal districts of Tamil Nadu. In the inland districts, the incidence of BSR ranged from 0.11 to 2.15 per cent with a mean incidence of 0.30 per cent only
Vitamins in relation to milk.
Authors:   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003 Tamilnadu, M.P KUNHI KUTTY
Published: August 2023

organism cannot be met entirely by an adequate supply of protein, fat, carbohydrates, inorganic salts and water. It is now establish- ed that in addition to these necesssary constituents, certain un- identified principles known as accessary food factors must also be present in what is called "deficiency diseases." These accessory food factors are known as Vitamins. Their function seems to be to promote growth and maintain health. From the time of Leibig the great Gerinan Chemist, to the tinie of the discovery of vitamins, it had been established that the nutritive value of food, apart from its digestibility depended on its contents of protein, fat, carbohyrates and mineral salts. This discovery of vitamins has already displaced the theory of calories, which was fondly held by the old scientists. The famous reformers of diet believed that the nourishing value of food was in direct proportion to the amount of heat it generated within our bodies.
Sheep Breeding as a Side Industry in Southern India.
Authors:   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003 Tamilnadu, P KRISHNAN NAMBIAR
Published: August 2023

Sheep breeding in Southern India especially in the Madras Presidency is in a neglected state. Some people took up the work some years back and conducted experiments for sometime, they gave it up owing to some reason or other. The result was that no improvement has taken place. An idea of the present method of sheep breeding in several tracts will be of some use to realise the main causes of deterioration in sheep. Sheep breeding round about Coimbatore, Salem and Bellary is mainly done by shepherds who live by their flocks.
Symposium on Paddy.WHAT THE RYOT WANTS.
Authors:   Director of Agriculture,Coimbatore, D.G MUNRO
Published: August 2023

The paddy ryot wants good crops and a sufficient return to nable him to obtain the necessities of life and a certain surplus. devote to things which he may desire after his necessary wants ire satisfied.
Calcium Cyanamide as a manure for South Indian Soils.
Authors:   Assitant to the Government Agricultural Chemist,Coimbatore, . KASINATHAN
Published: August 2023

It is well-known that the plant-food to which crops react generally readily is nitrogen. The soil surveys of the various districts have pointed to a general deficiency of this ingredient. The natural supplies are mainly Farm Yard Manure and green leaves. These sources are far too poor to supply the demands and the need for chemical manures is great. Of these, the most aportant ones are Nitrate of Soda, Sulphate of Ammonia, and Jalcium Cyanamide. The first is as much a natural manure as farm Yard Manure since it is dug out of the natural deposits in Chili. Its supply is certainly not inexhaustible and Scientists are entertaining serious fears of its extinction. Till very recent times, Ammonium sulphate was a by-product of the coal-gas industry and its price was rather very high and its future was not much brighter than that of Sodium Nitrate.
Botany of Some Useful Pants-IV
Authors:   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003 Tamilnadu, T.S RAMAKRISHNAN , S.N CHANDRASEKHAR ,   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003 Tamilnadu
Published: August 2023

Trigonella foenum-graecum.-The Fenugreek (Tamil Menthiyam or Venthayam) is an indigenous plant growing wild in many parts of Upper India. Its cultivation extends throughout India usually grown near wells or on tank beds but some- imes it follows cotton or cholam in garden lands. The seeds are isually sown in February and the crop is ready for harvest by April. It is capable of being cultivated in other seasons also the supply of sufficient water being the limiting factor.
Synthetic Farm Yard Manure
Authors:   Assitant to the Government Agricultural Chemist,Coimbatore, K.S VISWANADHA AYYAR
Published: August 2023

In this vast sub-continent, where agriculture has been the chief industry and the main stay of its millions, the cultivator from time immemorial, being conscious of the necessity of the use of manure for raising a good crop, has been generally applying what is known as Farm Yard Manure and occasionally leaf mould in places adjacent to forests. But on account of the increase of population, rising of general standard of life and other causes, not only the area that was once under extensive cultivation had to be brought under intensive culture, but also new areas had to be reclaimed and made to yield enough for the necessaries of man and animal. Thus the quondam cheerful farmer was brought face So face with the problem of producing more and more to minister to the needs of the increasing population. That is, he was com- pelled by dire circumstances actually to make two blades of grass grow where one grew before.
BOTANY OF SOME USEFUL PLANTS.-VI
Authors:   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003 Tamilnadu, S.N CHANDRASEKHARAN , T.S RAMAKRISHNAN ,   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003 Tamilnadu
Published: August 2023

This is a small family confined to the tropics consisting of shrubs and trees with leathery ever- green exstipulate alternate leaves. The flowers are regular and usually hermaphrodite with sepals and petals in fives (or 4 to 7 rarely). The stamens are indefinite free or connate at the base. The ovary is superior, 3 to 5 or many celled with as many styles and one or more ovules in each cell. Camelliaceae and Theaceae are synonymous terms used for this family.