bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Extraction Techniques on Yield, Total Phenolic Content, Total Flavonoid Content and its Antioxidant Activity of Leaves, Stems and Roots from Cassia alata Linn
Authors: Bunya Scholastica Ramih , Lihan Samuel
Published: November 2022

Cassia alata Linn. (Senna alata) or commonly known as “gelenggang” in Malaysia, has been reported to have therapeutic properties and introduced as a resource for traditional remedies for thousand years. Its therapeutic properties were including antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, anthelmintic, antilipogenic, antidiabetic, dermatophytic, and anti-hyperlipidemic [1].

 

In this study, the use of soxhlet extraction and ultrasonic assisted extraction for different parts of C. alata were investigated. For each extraction techniques, the amount of sample, volume of solvent extraction and extraction period were different. Hexane was used as the extraction solvent. The total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and its antioxidant activities were evaluated using Folin-Ciocalteu’s method, aluminum chloride colorimetric assay, and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, respectively. 

 

The experimental results showed the highest yield of extract in leaves (4.86±0.24%), stems (0.75±0.09%) and roots (0.59±0.01%) were achieved by using soxhlet extraction technique. The results of TPC and TFC were varied from 0.049±0.004 mg GAE/g DW to 0.185±0.004 mg GAE/g DW and 0.023±0.001 mg QE/g DW to 0.203±0.007 mg QE/g DW, respectively. The highest were recorded from the soxhlet extraction for both of TPC and TFC results. Meanwhile, the radical scavenging activity was the highest from the roots of C. alata, by soxhlet extraction at 21.663±2.097% (60 µg/ml), with the IC50 value at 9.96 µg/ml (Table 1).

These findings suggest that the selection of soxhlet extraction as a technique to extract C. alata using hexane was more effective in comparison to ultrasonic assisted extraction. For the further references on the potential of this technique, it is suggested that this study is further analyzed for the identification of its bio-active compounds.
Cytotoxicity and Antiviral Activity of Kyllinga nemoralis Methanolic Extract
Authors: Mohd Saidi Syamila Izzati , Abd Wahab Noor Zarina
Published: November 2022

Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) is a double-stranded DNA virus in the Herpesviridae family. The most prevalent in humans is Human Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1). It can reach the brain without causing the symptoms [1]. Currently, the most antiviral drug used is Acyclovir (ACV); nucleotide analogues target DNA polymerase inhibiting viral replication. However, ACV drug-resistant occurs, especially in immunocompromised patients [2]. Therefore, alternate therapy for patients with established resistance was required. Plant extract is commonly used as antiviral agent.  Kyllinga nemoralis is known as White Spike Head had antiviral, antibacterial, antibleeding and anti-poisoning properties [3]. It contains antiviral sources such as the highest flavonoid and flavonol concentrations [4].

 

The objective of this experimental study was to investigate the potential of K. nemoralis methanolic extract as antiviral agent against HSV-1. The root of K. nemoralis methanolic plant extract, Vero Cells and HSV-1 were used in this study. The Cytotoxic Concentration (CC50) of the K. nemoralis methanolic extract against Vero Cells and the antiviral activity of K. nemoralis methanolic extract against HSV-1 by using post-treatment, pre-treatment and virucidal assay were performed in this study.

 

Results showed that the percentage of cell population versus concentration of root of K. nemoralis methanolic extract (figure 1). The CC50 of this extract was determined at 0.91 mg/mL. This showed that the root of K. nemoralis methanolic extract was considered not toxic to the cells as the CC50 of extract showed more than 4 µg/mL [5].

 

The results indicate that the root of K. nemoralis methanolic extract was more effective in protecting the Vero cells. In pre-treatment, the SI value of the extract was 8.27. This finding shows that the root of K. nemoralis methanolic extract had a moderate      ability to bind to the Vero cells and inhibited the binding of HSV-1 to the cell surface of the Vero cells. In a virucidal test, the root extract towards HSV-1 showed the SI value was 8.125. This data suggests that the root of the extract was moderately inactivates the extracellular component of HSV-1.

In conclusion, the findings of this study show that K. nemoralis methanolic extract was non-toxic to the Vero cells and has the potential to be an antiviral agent against HSV-1.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Towards Infection Control amongst Dental Assistants in Private Dental Clinics in Kelantan: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Abas Nurul Asniza , Mohd Adnan Munirah , Abd Rahman Normastura
Published: November 2022

Dental assistant plays an important role in dental practice, performing both clinical and clerical duties to ensure the operation of dental clinic run smoothly and efficiently. As their daily tasks frequently involve the handling and cleaning of instruments contaminated with blood and saliva, they pose a significant risk to contracting infectious diseases due to the nature of their job[1]. A disparity exists in the educational qualifications of dental assistants working in various public and private dental facilities[2]. The knowledge related to infection control was questionable while the attitude and compliance towards practicing infection control measures need to be assessed. The study aimed to determine the mean score of knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) towards infection control among dental assistants working in private dental clinics in Kelantan.

 

A cross-sectional study was carried out among 89 dental assistants who worked in the private dental clinics at all districts in Kelantan. The knowledge, attitude, and practice towards infection control were assessed using a newly developed questionnaire. The questionnaire was content and face validated, with CVI and FVI scores of 0.9 and 0.99, respectively. The questionnaire was administered to the dental assistants as a Google form. The maximum scores of knowledges, attitude, and practice were 33, 25 and 210, respectively. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows Version 26.0.

 

Result showed that the mean age was 28.7(SD=6.98). All of them were Malay and more than a third of respondents (34.8%) completed secondary school. The mean (SD) scores of knowledges, attitude, and practice towards infection control were 25.4(3.10), 23(2.25), and 176.2(14.77), respectively.

This study revealed that dental assistants in private dental clinics have limited knowledge at certain aspects of infection control. It is recommended that continuous training should be done regularly to maximize and enhance the compliance of dental assistants towards implementing infection control measures in the dental clinics. As employers, the dentists are responsible to ensure that their employees have adequate knowledge and continuous training in infection control procedures.
Association between Home-Cooking Frequency and Nutrient Intake Adequacy among Working Women in Malaysia
Authors: Mohd Hisham Ain Syaqirah , Harith Sakinah
Published: November 2022

Women, especially those already married, usually will manage most household chores, including cooking. However, more significant percentage of married women have worked for a living in addition to doing household chores now [1]. Due to the long hours of working, it is hard for the women to frequently prepare meals at home, resulting in a lower quality of nutrient intake. The convenience meals, fast food, and other foods cooked outside the house are linked with a significantly greater calorie, sodium, and fat intake and a poorer intake of micronutrients [2].

This cross-sectional study aims to determine the association between home cooking frequency and nutrient intake adequacy among working women in Malaysia. A total of 131 working women in Malaysia aged 18 to 60 were recruited using a convenience sampling method after excluding 9 participants due to the underreported dietary intake. The participants must answer the questionnaire regarding the frequency of cooking at home in a week. The nutrient intake is determined based on the 24-hours dietary recall and analyzed using Nutritionist Pro™ version 5.4.0 software. The participants were able to track their daily nutrient intake and home cooking frequency within a week.

The participants (median age: 27.0 ± 17 years) were aged between 18 to 60 years old, predominantly married (51.1%), Malay (96.9%), and full-time workers (92.4%), with monthly income for most of the participants (78.6%) are ≤ RM 4 850. Also, 52% of the participants work in the government sector and most current work at Terengganu (48.1%). Also, the majority of the participants do not have any children below 18 years old (70.2%). Most of them live together with their husband and children (41.2%), followed by parents (29%).

Most participants reported that they only tended to cook at home between zero to twice a week. Nevertheless, this study indicates that the median energy consumption is somewhat lower, at 1362 kcal, compared to the median energy intake of women from the 2014 Malaysian Adult Nutrition Survey (MANS), which is 1445 kcal [3]. More than half of the individuals (54.2 %) had a poor diet, with scores of less than 51.

 

To conclude, from this study, it is reported that most working women do not get a proper nutrient intake due to the long working hours and other responsibilities. This study revealed that adequate nutritional intake differed considerably between working women who regularly cooked throughout the week and those who did not. Understanding healthy food and ingredient selection along with healthy preparation may improve dietary habits while cooking food at home. Hence, simply devoting time to cooking food at home may not result in a healthy diet since other variables such as socioeconomic position, attitudes, and family preparation abilities may impact diet quality.
Assessing the Change in Pattern of Dental Visits and Treatment Performed at Primary Care Centre (PCC) in Selangor During the Pre-pandemic and During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Mat Said Suhaila , Sinor Mohd Zulkarnain , Ahmad Basaruddin , Omar Kamariah
Published: November 2022

Emerging of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected the delivery of healthcare services, including oral healthcare services. All  dental procedures generate aerosol, and droplet from infected patients may lead to virus transmission [1]. Thus, dental visits and treatment during COVID-19 outbreak in primary care were restricted to only emergency cases. Dental visits provide a true picture of utilisation of dental services. Utilisation of dental services is vital for an individual life because underutilisation can lead to poor oral health. This study sought to explore and elucidate the changing pattern of dental visits and treatment performed in Primary Care Centres (PCC) during the pre-pandemic and COVID-19 pandemic.

 

This retrospective record review of dental visits and treatment was conducted by retrieving the Monthly Workload State Report of Dental Officer (PG 207) and Dental Therapist (PG 206) at the Oral Health Division in Selangor from January 2018 to December 2021. The data was the total number of each month’s dental visit and treatment performed. A descriptive analysis was reported in frequency, percentage, and graph. Chi-Square was used to test the association with the significance level set at p˂0.05, was carried out in OpenEpi online software.

                                                             

During pre and pandemic COVID-19, dental visits at the PCC were higher among schoolchildren (67.0%), followed by adults (24.3%) and antenatal mothers (2.6%). The most common dental treatment recorded during the pre-pandemic was filling (85.5%), and tooth extraction (27.3%). The changing pattern of dental visits and treatment given was observed during the pandemic. The spiking points identified were correlated with changes in policies implemented nationwide during the MCO phase, as declared by the National Security Council. The number of dental visits was low (14.4%) during MCO 2. Due to the closure of schools in MCO 2 in January 2021, the number of dental visits was found to be low. There is an association in the number of dental visits with the phase of MCO (p˂0.01).

 

The pattern of dental visits and treatments performed changed during the pandemic. The number of dental visits and dental treatment performed at the PCC was reduced during the pandemic, particularly in the Movement Control Order (MCO) phase in Selangor.
Antiviral Activity of Syzygium polyanthum Extract against Herpes Simplex Virus-Type 1 (HSV-1)
Authors: Mohd Jaafar Nur Sahira , Abd Wahab Noor Zarina
Published: November 2022

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is part of the alpha subfamily of human herpesviruses. Several antiviral medications can be prescribed for treating HSV-1 which is usually first line antiviral agents such as acyclovir (ACV). But there are several cases that have been reported on ACV resistance to HSV, thus, researchers tend to develop the antiviral agent from plants extract. Syzygium polyanthum is one of the plants that has been traditionally used as a drug which is rich in bioactive compounds, including essential oils, terpenoids, tannins, and flavonoids [1]. These phytochemical compounds, which have strong antioxidant action, can aid in the inhibition of viral genome replication which disables the viral lipid envelope [2].

 

The objective of this study is to determine the cytotoxic concentration (CC50) and antiviral activity of S. polyanthum methanolic extract. Cytotoxicity was performed using the method described by [3]. The absorbance readings were analysed using microplate reader (Infinite M200 Pro). The 50% cytotoxicity concentration (CC50) was defined as the sample concentration that able to reduce 50% of cell viability compared to the untreated cells. Antiviral activity was performed by using plaque reduction assay with three different treatments [3] which are post- treatment, pre-treatment and virucidal assay.

 

Based on Figure 1, cytotoxicity screening against Vero cells using MTT assay showed that the CC50 values for extract was 0.135 mg/mL which considered not in the range of cytotoxic compounds. Any CC50 or IC50 of a substance less than 4 µg/mL was considered an active cytotoxic effect [4].

Based on Figure 2, post treatment assay showed the most anti-HSV-1 activity of S. polyanthum extract which the EC50 and SI value were 0.015mg/mL and 9.03, respectively. The extract showed to be slightly effective in reducing HSV-1 replication after 2-hour incubation which might be due to the inhibition in the early phase of the attachment. For pre-treatment, EC50 and SI values were 0.019 mg/mL and 7.12, which the extract showed to be moderately effective in inhibiting the attachment of HSV-1 before the replication can occur. This might occur as Vero cells bind to the extract that could interfere with the cell membrane's glycoprotein receptors which prevented HSV-1 from attaching to the cell surface [5]. The EC50 and SI value for virucidal assay was 0.018 mg/mL and 7.28 as the result showed moderately effective inhibited the viral replication. S. polyanthum has been shown to directly inactivate HSV-1 virions within 30 minutes of exposure in this study. An SI value greater than 10 (SI>10) indicates that any antimicrobial compound has the potency to become an antiviral treatment agent [6].

In conclusion, the findings of this study demonstrate that S. polyanthum extract seems to have moderate antiviral  effects and non-toxic to Vero cells.
The Use of Adeno-associated virus (AAV) in Vaccine Development
Authors: Xuan Keh Min , Mohd Asri Nur Ain , Suppian Rafeah , Mohd Nor Norazmi , Azlan Maryam , Camacho Frank
Published: November 2022

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) is a very tiny (20-26 nm) icosahedral and non-enveloped virus, and it belongs to the Parvoviridae family. AAV vectors are the most widely used option for gene therapy and delivery of therapeutic antibodies due to their relatively low immunogenicity, high safety profile, broad tropism, and their tendency to maintain long-term gene expression [1]. AVV vectors are developed by transfection of human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 T cells with transgene, packaging and helper plasmids [2]. Several clinical studies have investigated the use of AAV vectors for gene therapy in treating of Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, heart disease, and prostate cancer [3]. AAV vectors have previously been used to treat muscular diseases, but in recent years, their usage as vaccine vectors to cure or prevent infectious diseases including HIV, HPV, and influenza has expanded [4].

 

Here, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the use of AAV in vaccine development, and future approaches in improving the drawbacks caused by AAV-based vaccines. Numerous animal investigations have been conducted to explore vaccine vectors against various illnesses, suggesting a possibility for AAV-based vaccinations. Clinical studies on humans are, however, uncommon because, in contrast to other viral vectors, AAV induces a poor humoral and cellular immune response. Additionally, infectious vaccinations often target a large group of healthy individuals across a variety of ages, including children and teenagers. Therefore, compared to AAV-based gene therapies, vaccinations based on AAV vectors need to be more cost-effective and need more robust safety control.

 

According to several research, AAV vector vaccines have been shown to induce a stronger or longer lasting antibody response in comparison to other vaccination approaches, such as DNA, recombinant proteins, inactivated viruses, or virus-like particles (VLPs) [5]. However, AAV vectors are thought to have a low immunogenic profile in comparison to other viral vectors. The main limitations of AAV vectors are their low transgenic capacity and widespread pre-existing immunity in humans [6]. Currently, strategies for improving AAV immunogenicity and circumventing pre-existing immunity are actively being investigated. The research undertaken so far have highlighted numerous significant benefits of AAV vectors for immunisation. Despite all the advantages, there are still a variety of challenges that limit the use of these vectors as a vaccine in humans. Thus, it is necessary to overcome these challenges in order to make AAV-based vaccines effective.
REGARDING SOME OF THE METHODS FOR CROP STATE CALCULATION IN DIGITAL TWIN OF PLANT
Authors:   Samara State Technical University, Skobelev P.O. ,   Samara Federal Research Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tabachisnkiy A.S. ,   Samara State Technical University,   Samara Federal Research Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Simonova E.V. ,   Samara National Research University, Zhuravel Yu.N. ,   Rocket Space Center “Progress”, Miatov G.N. ,   Samara State Technical University
Published: November 2022

In this paper, a concept of digital twin of plant, which is a decision support system to implement precise farming technologies. Digital twin of plant allows to forecast and simulate real crop state and suggest agricultural measures to the fi elds based on weather and soil data. Digital twin of plant is developed with the use of multi-agent technologies and ontology-based domain formalization.
MODAL ANALYSIS OF A SPINDLE ASSEMBLY ON BEARING SUPPORTS WITH ANISOTROPIC ELASTIC CHARACTERISTICS
Authors:   Samara State Technical University, Denisenko A.F. , Yakimov M.V. ,   Samara State Technical University, Krotinov N.B. ,   Samara State Technical University, Borisova K.R. ,   AO «RKTs «Progress»
Published: November 2022

The article deals with issues related to the influence of options for the design of the spindle assembly (SA), the anisotropy of the radial rigidity of the bearing supports, as well as the spindle speed on the dynamic quality of the machine. The problem statement is formulated as follows: it is necessary to determine the degree of influence of each of the above parameters on the eigen frequencies and vibration modes of the SA. To identify patterns, numerical finite element modeling was carried out in the ANSYS Workbench environment. Variants of the spindle assembly were considered on the example of four models of the CNC lathe model 16B16T1, which differ in the number of structural elements and their location along the length of the spindle. When modeling, the spindle bearings were represented as solid rings with certain elastic properties, varying which the anisotropy of the stiffness of the bearings was realized. During the numerical experiment, the spindle speed was taken into account in the range from 0 to 20,000 rpm. When analyzing the results, the values of six natural frequencies and modes of vibration were considered for each of the models with a change in the rigidity of the front support; Campbell diagrams were obtained, illustrating the dependence of the dynamic characteristics of the spindle on the rotational speed in the specified range. As a result of the research, it was found that design factors have a significant impact on the vibration modes and natural frequencies of the spindle assembly. The simulation showed that when machining in the centers, the fourth natural frequency and modes of vibration will affect the accuracy, and when using a chuck, the first one. Taking into account the fact that the difference between them is more than 2.5 times, then machining in the centers can be carried out at significantly higher cutting speeds. Changing the stiffness of the front support results in a range of natural frequencies for each waveform, which can be up to 200 Hz. Within the specified range, natural frequencies change depending on the spindle speed.
TECHNOLOGY OF ORGANIZATION OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL CREATIVITY OF MECHANICAL-ENGINEERING FOCUSED STUDENTS
Authors:   Samara State Technical University, Puzankova A.B.
Published: November 2022

The article named "Technology of organization of scientific and technical creativity of mechanical-engineering focused students" presents a pedagogical technology used in the process of training of bachelors of mechanical-engineering profile to the course "Engineering and computer-aided graphics". It discusses the goals and objectives of organizing of scientific-research work with students, its place in the structure of engineering and graphic disciplines. The problem of didactic readiness of teachers of the higher technical school for usage in scientific-research work with students of information technology is also considered. The content is illustrated by results of study of the stated problem on the sampling of teachers with significant work experience in higher technical school and experience in scientific-research training of students at the Department of Engineering Graphics of Samara State Technical University and other universities. As research materials scientific reports of students at scientific and technical conferences were used. These studies convincingly indicate that in the content of research work with students, didactic issues of the usage of information technology should be updated. Much attention is paid to the usage of modern information and communication tools applied in educational technologies. The article notes the important role of computer-aided design systems for successful extracurricular and independent scientific and technical activities of students. Advantages of the usage of computer graphics are shown, the accelerated formation of students' creative thinking is confirmed through the practical usage of three-dimensional geometric modeling. The stages of formation of students' research competencies are described. Technologies of electronic development of design documentation activating the processes of research communications in the field of engineering and graphic education are considered. The improvement of the quality of the organization of scientific-research work with students as a result of the introduction of technology of organization of scientific and technical creativity of mechanical-engineering focused students is substantiated.
THE TECHNOLOGY OF ULTRASONIC FORMATION OF SOLDERED CONNECTIONS OF ELECTRICAL BOARDS WITH THE CONTROL OF THE PRESSING FORCE
Authors:   Samara State Technical University, Shuvaev V.G.
Published: November 2022

The paper discusses the issues of technology for the formation of non-soldered connections of electrical boards using ultrasonic vibrations. A developed and patented device for the formation of ultrasonic longitudinal torsional vibrations is described, which makes it possible to significantly reduce the pressing force, modify the properties of the surface layers of parts and control the pressing force of contact pins
MULTIFUNCTIONAL PULSE-MAGNETIC INSTALLATION WITH VARIABLE SHAPE AND PARAMETERS OF THE DISCHARGE CURRENT
Authors:   Samara University, Yusupov R.Yu. , Glushchenkov V.A. ,   Samara Federal Research Centre of the RAS, Maslov A.N. ,   Samara University
Published: November 2022

The paper considers methods and circuitry for creating a multifunctional pulse-magnetic installation with variable parameters of the discharge current for forming of pulsed magnetic fields. The installation is designed to conduct comprehensive research on the effect of the magnetic field on various materials in mechanical engineering, medicine, pharmacology and plant growing. Currently, traditional designs of the installations operate in a single-discharge mode and generate oscillatory shaped pulses of current in the form of a damped sinusoid. The developed installation with power intensity of 5 kJ operates in four modes: oscillatory discharge of one energy storage device with a high frequency of the discharge current, synchronous discharge of two energy storage devices, asynchronous discharge of two storage devices with an adjustable delay relative to each other, and in the mode of forming a mono-pulse with a cutoff of the current of subsequent half-cycles. The paper presents the block diagram of the multifunctional pulse-magnetic installation (PMI), provides recommendations on the selection of the main components when creating specialized installations for solving specific tasks. The results of testing the PMI are given.
МЕТОДИКА РАСЧЕТА ШЕРОХОВАТОСТИ ПОВЕРХНОСТИ ПРИ ОБРАБОТКЕ АБРАЗИВНЫМ ИНСТРУМЕНТОМ ИЗ СВС МАТЕРИАЛОВ
Authors:   Samara State Technical University, Grishin R.G. , Nosov N.V. ,   Samara State Technical University, Salnikov I.M. ,   Samara State Technical University, Gordienko Ya.M. ,   Samara State Technical University, Ladyagin R.V. ,   Samara State Technical University
Published: November 2022

The article proposes a method for calculating the surface roughness during processing with abrasive tools, including tools made of SHS materials. The analysis of existing approaches to the calculation of the height of the micro-roughness of the treated surface during grinding, which took into account the depth of the layer cut by a single grain and the amount of plastic extrusion. Experimental studies of surface roughness have shown that with an increase in the grain size of an abrasive tool made of SHS corundum by 4 times, the value of Ra increases by 3 times, and with an increase in the hardness of the circle decreases. A comparison of the roughness of the treated surface of an abrasive tool made of SHS corundum with other abrasive materials (91A and 24A) shows that for a grain size from 6 to 16 it is 10-15% less, and for 25 to 40 more. Scientifically-based recommendations on the control of surface roughness parameters are proposed
THE EFFECT OF PULSED MAGNETIC FIELDS ON OBJECTS, MOVING AT HIGH SPEED
Authors:   Samara Federal Research Centre of the RAS, Glushchenkov V.A. , Yusupov R.Yu. ,   Samara National Research University named by academician S.P.Korolyev
Published: November 2022

The paper presents the result of an exploration experiment on the effect of a pulsed magnetic field (PMF) on objects moving at high speeds. The fact of such an effect when using a flat and cylindrical inductor has been confirmed. The created experimental stand for recording changes in the bullet trajectory and its speed of the flight with the required time matching of the used equipment is described. The lines of using the pulsed magnetic fields to control the kinematics of rapidly moving objects of various kinds are given.
DEVELOPMENT OF MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY FOR BIMETALLIC PIPES
Authors:   Kalashnikov Izhevsk State Technical University, Kniazev S.N. , Tepin N.V. ,   Kalashnikov Izhevsk State Technical University, Smagin N.M. ,   Kalashnikov Izhevsk State Technical University
Published: November 2022

The aim of the study was to develop a cost-effective technological process for manufacturing axisymmetric parts of the "Bimetallic tube" type with an internal cooling circuit. The article proposes to consider the technological process of cold volumetric stamping, which includes the most rational, from the point of view of resource saving, operations - reduction of a billet made of low-carbon structural steel and burnishing of a billet with high resistance to intercrystalline corrosion from low-carbon stainless steel. The product obtained by experimental technology, which is a bimetallic pipe with an internal cooling circuit. The developed computer model of the technological process made it possible to obtain a competitive product that has a wide range of applications. In the course of the work, an experimental study was also conducted, which confirmed the results of computer analysis. The absence of rubber seals in the production of the heat exchanger allows it to be used for aggressive environments in the chemical, oil and gas industry with temperatures from minus 40 to 300 degrees Celsius. The technology will increase the working pressure of the heat carriers to a value of at least 2 MPa. Due to the small cross-section of the cooling circuit, it is possible to achieve high coolant speeds, and the multi-entry circuit allows for a larger volume of coolant. At the same time, the efficiency of the heat exchanger increases by 5% compared to the sectional heat exchanger in its classic design. Quality characteristics: low metal consumption, strength, reliability, safety, ease of installation, maintainability. One of the main advantages of the technology is the high surface quality of the product (Ra 1,6), which guarantees the turbulent flow of the coolant. The efficiency of the heat exchanger according to the strictest estimates and for the most unfavorable conditions is 86.6%.
ROBUST CONTROL OF A SPACE ROBOT-MANIPULATOR WHEN SERVISING A GEOSTATIONARY COMMUNICATIONS SATELLITE
Authors:   Samara Federal Research Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Somov Ye.I. ,   Samara State Technical University, Butyrin S.A. ,   Samara Federal Research Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Technical University, Somov S.Ye. ,   Samara Federal Research Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Samara State Technical University, Somova T.Ye. ,   Samara State Technical University
Published: November 2022

Methods have been developed for robust control of a space robot-manipulator during the in-flight maintenance of a geostationary communications satellite – replacement of fuel tanks, solar array panels and other replaceable components of the satellite attitude and orbit control system, which leads to significant changes in the inertial parameters of the hard clutch of a space robot with a geostationary satellite. The results of computer simulation for typical dynamic processes at such maintenance of a geostationary communications satellite are presented.
QUALITY TOOLS IN MASS IRON CASTING PRODUCTION
Authors:   PJSC KAMAZ, Farisov R.D. , Ioffe M.A. ,   Litye-Servis LLC, Kozlovskiy V.N. ,   Samara State Technical University
Published: November 2022

For the timely detection of defects in mass foundry production, quality tools (Pareto diagram, Ishikawa diagram) are offered, adapted to its conditions. The paper gives an example of the effective use of quality tools in the conditions of mass production of cast iron castings for automotive parts.
IMPROVEMENT OF PROCEDURES FOR MONITORING CONTROL AND METHODS FOR ASSESSING THE QUALITY OF LEATHER AND FOOTWEAR PRODUCTS
Authors:   ", Samorukov D.V. ,   PETROVEST - I",   LLC
Published: November 2022

The practical application of quality management models and methods using scientifically based rules and principles, methods of control and evaluation of leather and shoe production involves the collection and registration, storage and analysis of a large number of key features and parameters during the observation of phenomena, processes and objects. Monitoring at all stages of the life cycle of leather and footwear products ensures that all subjects of the multidimensional organizational structure of production cooperation (external and internal users) have access to the source data, methods and measurement results of its qualitative characteristics, consumer satisfaction, creates conditions for continuous improvement. Based on the prediction of trends in the impact of Industry 4.0, the practice of digitalization of the real sector of the economy, the development of technologies of self-learning neural networks, there is a need to adapt quality monitoring systems of objects and processes of mass production to specific factors.
ASSESSMENT METHOD OF STATE OF DEVELOPMENT DIVISIONS OF EXTRUSION 3D PRINTERS
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Tsygankov N.S. , Petrunina A.E. ,   Siberian Federal University
Published: November 2022

Many companies recognize the need to innovate their product portfolio. The use of traditional methods and approaches to assessing the activities of an enterprise does not allow to identify the contribution of innovative departments to the overall result of the company.The purpose of the study is to develop a method for evaluating individual units involved in the development of new products. The paper identifies key assessment parameters that contribute to the consideration of three key groups of indicators: general characteristics of the innovative activity of departments, the effectiveness of working with new products and the achievement of the goals of the company's functioning. Specific parameters for each group of indicators are proposed, which makes it possible to evaluate the effectiveness of the development organizational structure. Based on the proposed metrics, an integral assessment was obtained and the procedure for its calculation was determined. In accordance with the strategy and priorities of the development of the enterprise, it is possible to determine weighting factors for each component and individual indicators. To adjust the activities of departments to achieve the goals set, the procedure for searching for control action is determined. Two control problems are considered with a sufficient amount of resources and their limitations. In the first case, the department has the opportunity to complete all the planned tasks with the available resources, respectively, the task becomes an optimization one with the search for the most effective way of implementation at the intersection of the sets of planned tasks and possible results. In the second case, it is required to ensure the minimum deviation at each point at the minimum step due to the distribution and use of resources. The possibility of using the developed method to dynamically assess changes in the efficiency of individual organizational structures is demonstrated using the example of three divisions of LLC "Kompaniya IMPRINTA" involved in the development of additive equipment and technologies, including extrusion 3D printers, materials and software. Based on the analysis of the dynamics of changes in the integral assessment of the divisions of LLC "Kompaniya IMPRINTA", the problems of their functioning were identified and directions for improving the efficiency of divisions were identified, such as the development of aemployee motivation system to increase the number of proposed development ideas by the product marketing department and the development of measures to reduce the share of work performed by the department operation of the product with the involvement of third-party companies.
A Study of automobile mileage taxation proposals for electric vehicles: Focusing on discussions on introduction in the United States
Authors:   KOREAN SOCIETY OF TAX LAW, Lee Chang-Kyu
Published: November 2022

Many major overseas countries, including South Korea, have long relied on so-called vehicle fuel taxes for fuel consumption, such as the oil flow tax, for most of their road finances. However, with the spread of fuel-efficient vehicles and the advent of the era of electric vehicles that do not consume fuel such as gasoline, tax revenues from vehicle fuel taxes are expected to plummet. Already, the United States and EU member countries are anticipating the advent of the EV era, and from the perspective of sustainability, they will add a tax on automobile fuel consumption in order to seek financial resources for roads. Convert to This is in progress.
In the transition and conversion to taxation and charging of automobile mileage tax, the issue is whether the automobile mileage tax is to be levied as a tax or a contribution. In particular, in the case of charges, there is a problem as to whether they are non-tax charges, beneficiary charges, or user charges. In the United States, tax and non-tax contributions have been determined through extensive judicial precedents of various government agencies. As a result, there is a relationship between burden and revenue in ensuring the legitimacy of user fees or charges in fiscal revenue raising at levels including federal and state, and rules have been established to pay those who receive special benefits.
Also, in the conversion to automobile mileage taxation, there is a Big Brother concern due to the aggregation of citizens' automobile driving information through collection procedures. In the United States, there are concerns that the automobile mileage tax system will act negatively on the privacy interests of citizens who are motorists. The car mileage tax charging and collection model program based on cutting-edge technology is characterized by the structure of private-public cooperation projects supervised by the government. It is said that it is necessary to prevent infringement of the privacy of the management body in advance and to prevent leaks.
Preserving a historic form on the model of the sixteenth-century Osman Cehaja Mosque in Tuzla
Authors: Jahic Edin
Published: November 2022

This study analyzes the possibilities of preserving the form and renovating the historic mosque with a wooden porch and minaret, based on the Osman Cehaja Mosque in Tuzla as an example. The research is based on direct observation of property over several decades and a comparison of formal qualities with other relevant structures of a similar type and period. Except for its foundation, no information is available on its past or potential interventions. It is only reasonable to assert that it was originally covered with a wood shake. It is assumed that its appearance has not changed since the early twentieth century, based on a common memory. The mosque was renovated four years ago. Analysis of the previous and current appearances showed that the complete renovation did not compromise its form. In this respect, it is feasible to renovate the mahalle mosque with a wooden porch and minaret while preserving its historical character. More challenging cases may necessitate more extensive investigation, planning, and experience.
A Critique of the Theory of Comparative Propensity
Authors: Robinson Peter
Published: November 2022

The law of propensity evidence is in a state of flux in Australia as various State jurisdictions decide on their responses to recommendations of the Royal Commission Into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse.  Controversy persists about the probative value of such evidence, not limited to child sexual assault cases. An influential theory in this area is the theory of comparative propensity, advocated by Professor Hamer, and approved in a qualified way by the Royal Commission.  The theory employs a mathematical model based on Bayes’ equation to estimate the probative value of such evidence. This article critiques the theory and concludes that it does not reflect the real world factors that impact the probative value of such evidence.
Mid-infrared Polarization of the Diffuse Interstellar Medium toward CygOB2-12
Authors: Telesco Charles M. , Varosi Frank , Wright Christopher , Draine Bruce T. , Fernández Acosta Sergio José , Packham Christopher
Published: November 2022

We present the first mid-IR detection of the linear polarization toward the star CygOB2-12, a luminous blue hypergiant that, with A

V
≈ 10 mag of foreground extinction, is a benchmark in the study of the properties of dust in the diffuse interstellar medium. The 8–13 μm spectropolarimetry, obtained with the CanariCam multimode camera at the Gran Telescopio CANARIAS shows clear trends with wavelength characteristic of silicate grains aligned in the interstellar magnetic field. The maximum polarization, detected with 7.8σ statistical significance near 10.2 μm, is (1.24 ± 0.28)% with position angle 126° ± 8°. We comment on these measurements in the context of recent models for the dust composition in the diffuse interstellar medium.
Two new species of Centroptilum Eaton, 1869 from North Africa (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae)
Authors: Kaltenbach Thomas , Vuataz Laurent , Samraoui Boudjéma , El Yaagoubi Sara , El Alami Majida , Gattolliat Jean-Luc
Published: November 2022

Based on recently collected larvae from Algeria and Morocco, the species delimitation within the genusCentroptilumEaton, 1869 in that region is validated. Two new species are described and illustrated, one from north-eastern Algeria, and one from North Morocco, using an integrated approach with morphological and molecular evidence. A table summarising the morphological differences between the new species andCentroptilum luteolum(Müller, 1776) from Central Europe is provided. Further, molecular evidence for additional undescribed species ofCentroptilumin other regions of the West Palearctic is provided and discussed.
Survivre : Notre ultime sabotage. Ravensbrück, Mémoires pour l’avenir , Paris, éditions Tirésias – Michel Reynaud, 2022
Authors: Bouchery Dominique
Published: November 2022

Cet article, propose un compte rendu du récent ouvrage Survivre. Notre ultime sabotage. Ravensbrück. Mémoires pour l’avenir (Paris, éditions Tirésias – Michel Reynaud, 2022). Après avoir présenté brièvement la figure de Germaine Tillion, l’auteur revient sur les différentes contributions de cet ouvrage collectif composite consacré à l’expérience concentrationnaire et aux engagements de la résistante et ethnologue française.
Utopie concrète, travail et genre. Le cas Oneida
Authors: Lallement Michel
Published: November 2022

Au xix e  siècle, les utopies prennent une tournure concrète, aux États-Unis tout particulièrement. De multiples façons de vivre et de travailler tranchant avec les normes dominantes y sont alors expérimentées. En raison de la radicalité de ses choix mais aussi de sa pérennité, Oneida (New York) est probablement l’une des communautés utopiques les plus remarquables. Sous la houlette de son fondateur, John Humphrey Noyes, elle invente de nouvelles formes d’organisations du travail ( free labor ) et de relations entre les femmes et les hommes ( free love ). L’article montre d’abord que cette aventure collective doit être analysée au carrefour des débats sur l’abolitionnisme qui précèdent la guerre de Sécession et de l’utopie de Charles Fourier (telle qu’elle s’incarne notamment à travers ses écrits sur les mondes industriel et amoureux). Il brosse ensuite un tableau en clair-obscur des innovations concernant la vie en communauté, le travail et le genre à Oneida, ainsi que de leurs principales transformations entre 1848 et 1880.
Collusion enforcement in repeated first‐price auctions
Authors: Zhang Wenzhang
Published: November 2022

In the context of repeated first‐price auctions, we explore how a bid‐rigging cartel can simultaneously overcome the difficulty of soliciting truthful private information about valuations and the difficulty of enforcing its internal mechanism. Focusing on the class of trigger‐strategy collusive agreements, we explicitly characterize the optimal collusive agreement for any given discount factor. Making use of the characterization, we also explore how a long‐run seller can use a reserve price to fight the cartel.
xAPI Made Easy: A Learning Analytics Infrastructure for Interdisciplinary Projects
Authors: Heinemann Birte , Ehlenz Matthias , Görzen Sergej , Schroeder Ulrik
Published: November 2022

Learning Analytics provides plenty of pedagogical uses. However, the integration of learning analytics must be accompanied by different perspectives: technical, organizational, and pedagogical. At this point, there are still gaps, e.g., the need to connect the various stakeholders and support the systematic, structured, and sustainable process. This paper presents different approaches to making the learning data standard xAPI for interdisciplinary projects easier by working on other starting points. Starting with a basic infrastructure to support the interdisciplinary collection of definitions for the standardized data format, it continues with a graphical user interface supporting different stakeholders. A modular tool for quickly connecting programming IDEs with the vocabulary is also presented. Last, a connector is shown for easier multi-modal data management using virtual reality as an example.
Development Methodology for Immersive Home Laboratories in Virtual Reality
Authors: Boettcher Konrad , Behr Alexander , Terkowsky Claudius
Published: November 2022

Although fluid mechanics should be an easy area of physics to learn due to the ubiquity of flows, many students already struggle to understand the basics. Unlike hands-on labs, this is where virtual labs can provide additional interactive visualizations to better facilitate and promote understanding of the fundamental phenomena. However, how can such laboratories be developed for engineering education relatively easily? This contribution presents a simple technical methodology to convert laboratory experiments into a virtual home laboratory. The basis is the representation of arbitrary data in virtual reality. The authors show on the example of a fluid mechanics laboratory experiment a simple numerical method to calculate the flow by using the so-called fictitious domain approach, a procedure to import CFD-calculated fluid-mechanical data into the Unreal engine 4 originally made for development of computer games. As a game engine, it offers high performance so that the virtual environment runs smoothly on ordinary computers without need of special hardware, so also VR-goggles are optionally. In the home laboratory, the flow can be influenced by setting the pressure gradient and we show how to display vector fields, particle motion, residence time, streamlines, information panels, and scalar fields in 3d representation and in arbitrarily set cut planes. Since many of the features cannot be displayed in a real lab, this contribution reflects some possibilities of the design principles of industry 4.0 in a virtual lab.