bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEMOGRAPHIC AGING TRENDS IN EU COUNTRIES AND UKRAINE
Authors: ZASTAVETSKA Lеsia , ZASTAVETSKYI Taras , ALTHAIM Liubov , SEMEHEN Oksana
Published: October 2024

The article provides an analysis of trends in the development of the demographic aging process in the countries of the European Union and Ukraine based on the calculation of values of demographic aging (aging coefficient, aging index, demographic burden due to the elderly, age of values aging). The obtained data allow us to draw a conclusion about the convergence of most values of population aging in the EU as a whole, as well as to identify several groups of countries with the same aging values and demographic trends. As a result of the study, the authors identified 5 groups of countries that demonstrate: 1) the highest of aging and population aging rates; 2) the average values of the index and the aging coefficient, however, show high rates of growth of the aging population and demographic burden; 3) average values of aging, but reduced growth rates of the aging population; 4) average values of aging; 5) the lowest rates and values of population aging.
The authors forecast changes in the age structure of the population in the EU until 2100, which showed that in the future the share of people aged 65+ will only increase, and this will require certain changes in the social life and economy of the countries of the studied region.
The demographic situation that has developed in the studied region requires constant monitoring and accounting in strategic planning at all levels, as well as improvement of the social policy of the EU countries regarding the elderly.
THE NATURE OF THE SUPERVISION OF THE COUNCIL OF REPRESENTATIVES ON THE FUNCTION OF LEGISLATION IN INDONESIA
Authors: Indriyani Santi , Febrian Febrian , Zanibar Zen
Published: October 2024

The House of Representatives is the holder of legislative power, which is expected to be able to produce quality legislative products in accordance with the legal needs of the community. However, the reality was the opposite of what was expected, resulting in public rejection. so that a judicial review must be submitted to the Constitutional Court. The purpose of this article is to find out how the nature of supervision of the council of people's representatives on the functions of law in Indonesia. The research method used is a normative legal research method with a qualitative approach to provide a descriptive explanation. The results of research analysis related to the nature of the DPR's oversight of the legislative function in Indonesia indicate that the supervisory function consists of the legislative function, democratic values, the value of balance, the value of truth, the value of benefits, and the principles contained in the DPR's supervisory function.

 
THE BUSINESS JUDGEMENT RULES ( BJR ) DOCTRINE AS LEGAL PROTECTION AGAINST BOARD OF DIRECTORS IN BUMN
Authors: Wiji Lestari Aniek Tyaswati , Tumangkar Totok
Published: October 2024

This legal writing discusses the implementation of the Business Judgment Rules (BJR) doctrine, in relation to the legal protection of BUMN directors, where in carrying out management of BUMN, when the BUMN experiences losses the directors are deemed to have harmed state finances. In writing this law, it uses a type of normative legal research, with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The legal materials used are primary legal materials, namely Law Number 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies and Law Number 19 of 2003 concerning BUMN. The research results show that Law Number 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies basically regulates the protection of Directors in BUMN companies in protecting the rights of directors through the concept of the Business Judgment Rule doctrine as regulated in Article 97 Paragraph (5) and Article 104 Paragraph (4) Law Number 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies. Through the Business Judgment Rule Doctrine, it has provided legal protection for directors of state-owned companies who cannot be held individually responsible for losses to state-owned companies by proving that the losses were not due to the fault or negligence of the directors of state -owned companies, have made business policies in accordance with good faith and the principle of prudence and the absence of personal conflicts of interest when making business policies by BUMN directors.
HEAT TOLERANCE INDEX IN DAIRY GOATS: CLASS REPORT
Authors: Furtado Gil Dutra , Sobral Felipe Eduardo da Silva
Published: October 2024

To evaluate the influence of the environment on the behavioral and physiological parameters of Saanen and alpine brown goats, disciplinary work was carried out in which a field experiment was conducted, in the municipality of Lajes do Cabugi, Rio Grande do Norte, on the Três property. Brothers, which is a dairy goat production farm. The adaptation of animals to the breeding environment is an important factor for them to have good health and achieve greater productivity, which is one of the objectives of the action of veterinarians, acting preventively (SOUZA et al., 2010; LOPES et al., 2012). When academics participate in pedagogical activities, they develop and prepare more completely for professional life. During the pedagogy, two specimens of each breed were used and observed over a 90-day interval. The following sequence of observations was adopted: 1st observation carried out at 9 am and the 2nd observation was carried out at 3 pm. All animals were female and carried out their normal grazing activities. The animals had access to pasture under identical conditions, as well as access to nutritional supplementation when they returned to the pen at night. The rectal and environmental temperature variables were recorded at 9:00 am and 3:00 pm, and these were used by applying them in the ITC formula (1.0 ta – 20 d +60) (FERREIRA, 2011). The average results obtained were 32.67ºC for room temperature; rectal temperature of the Saanen and alpine brown in the morning and afternoon, respectively, were 40.18ºC and 39.95ºC in the morning; 39.8ºC and 39.75ºC in the afternoon. It was concluded, with the results obtained during the field classes, that the Saanen presented better results compared to the alpine brown for the edaphoclimatic conditions of the property where the research work was carried out. Pedagogically, this activity carried out in the field increases the learning efficiency of veterinary medicine students and favors their better training, reflecting the community's desires and everyone's well-being.
Pengaruh Konten Instagram Dan Kredibilitas Beauty Influencer Nanda Arsyinta Terhadap Gaya Hidup Remaja
Authors: Titania Intan Putri , Sudradjat Ratih Hasanah
Published: October 2024

Researchers identified the problem in this research, namely how much influence Instagram content and the credibility of beauty influencer Nanda Arsyinta have on teenagers' lifestyles. The aim of this research is to explain how much influence Instagram content and the credibility of beauty influencer Nanda Arsyinta have on teenagers' lifestyles. Whether Instagram content and credibility are high or low will make followers trust him and follow his lifestyle. Therefore, Instagram content and Nanda Arsyinta's credibility as a beauty influencer are very interesting to research, whether there is an influence on teenagers' lifestyles or not. This research method is quantitative research with descriptive research type. In this research, researchers used non-probability sampling techniques, with a total of 400 teenagers aged 10-28 years. Based on the results of simultaneous hypothesis testing (f test) it can be concluded that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted, because , it can be concluded that there is a significant influence of Instagram content and the credibility of beauty influencer Nanda Arsyinta on teenage lifestyles.
Pengaruh Video Konten Tutorial Kecantikan Di Tiktok Terhadap Minat Rias Followers @Focallure.Live
Authors: Santoso Shannon , Nurhajati Lestari
Published: October 2024

Visual communication through social media has become an integral part of today's digital culture, with beauty tutorial content on platforms like TikTok gaining significant popularity. However, few studies have paid attention to the impact of beauty tutorial content on TikTok on the makeup interest of followers on the @focallure.live account. The purpose of this study is to find out the influence of beauty tutorial content videos on TikTok on the interest of @focallure.live followers in makeup. A quantitative approach was used in this study, with data collected through questionnaire filling. Data analysis includes testing of instruments, validity, reliability, normality, coefficient of determination, simple linear regression analysis, and testing of partial hypotheses. The results of the study show that the content of beauty tutorials significantly affects the makeup interest of followers of the @focallure.live account. It was found that the variables Providing Information and Explaining the Process in the tutorial video had the greatest influence on makeup interest. The study concluded that beauty tutorial content on TikTok plays an important role in shaping the makeup interest of @focallure.live account followers. These findings provide deeper insights into the impact of social media on consumer behavior in the beauty industry.
Gatekeeping Perspektif Bruce Westle and Malcolm Mclean Dalam Produksi Berita Online www.wonogirikab.go.id
Authors: Izma Arnitaa , Yatno Tri , Putro Adi Nugroho Susanto
Published: October 2024

The Wonogiri Regency Government has a website called www.wonogirikab.go.id, which every day provides information in the form of news, appeals, or announcements. The content presented is in the form of activities by Regional Apparatus Organizations (OPD), the regent's agenda, and Wonogiri Regional government programs. From this, the media needs to filter incoming information through a strategy called gatekeeping. This gatekeeping strategy aims to reduce media inaccuracies in presenting news. In this research, the author uses the gatekeeping theory of Bruce Westley and Malcolm McLean which emphasizes the role of a gatekeeper. Gatekeepers are individuals who carry out gatekeeping from pre-production to post-production of online news. Research method through case studies. Data collection techniques include documentation, interviews, and observation. Data analysis uses the Miles and Huberman model, including data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of research in the field showed that in the gatekeeping process from pre-production to post-production of news on the website www.wonogirikab.goid, the duties of a reporter and editor were only carried out by one person. Pre-production starts with determining news criteria, team discussions, and on-location coverage. The production process is carried out by cameramen and reporters when looking for information. Lastly, post-production is the editing stage by the editor and approval by the Head of the Wonogiri Regency Communication and Information Service.
Persuasi Rute Periferal Exo Sebagai Brand Ambassador Scarlett Whitening Terhadap Impulsive Buying
Authors: Maretha Grace , Pamungkas Indra Novianto Adibayu , Pramesthi Jasmine Alya
Published: October 2024

The popularity of K-Wave amongst Indonesian creates a competition for brands, resulting them competing to use Korean artists as brand ambassadors. This practice is widely adopted in business, particularly in the beauty industry, which is rapidly growing in Indonesia. This research aims to determine the effect of EXO's peripheral route persuasion as the brand ambassador of Scarlett Whitening on impulsive buying behavior. The study uses a quantitative approach to provide detailed statistical analysis on the influence of brand ambassadors on consumer impulsive buying. Data collected through an online questionnaire, distributed to 385 respondents who met the requirements of sample criteria. The results of the study indicate a significant positive influence of peripheral route persuasion on impulsive buying behavior. This means that the presence of EXO as a brand ambassador is effective in delivering marketing messages through the peripheral route, which includes elements such as likability and attractiveness, driving consumers to make impulsive purchases.
The State Management Dilemma: BLoC vs. Provider in Modern Flutter Development
Authors: Sanghmitra
Published: October 2024

State management is a critical aspect of Flutter application development, directly impacting the efficiency, maintainability and scalability of mobile applications. Among the various state management solutions available in Flutter, BLoC (Business Logic Component) and Provider have emerged as two of the most prominent and widely adopted patterns. This paper presents a comprehensive comparison between BLoC and Provider, analyzing their distinct approaches to managing states, their suitability for different types of applications and their respective strengths and weaknesses. Through an in-depth examination of criteria such as ease of use, learning curve, performance, scalability and community support, this study aims to guide developers in choosing the most appropriate state management solution for their specific project needs. The findings of this research highlight the contexts in which each pattern excels, offering valuable insights for both novice and experienced Flutter developers.
Достоевский в Кузнецке
Authors: Puškareva Irina
Published: October 2024

Краеведческий дискурс отражает и формирует специфику социокультурного пространства региона. Он основан на реализации мемориально-краеведческой функции – функции сохранения культурной памяти о значимых для региона людях и событиях. Одна из краеведческих доминант в региональном социокультурном пространстве Новокузнецка – тема «Достоевский в Кузнецке», связанная с приездами Фёдора Михайловича к М.Д. Исаевой, его сватовством и венчанием. Данная тема отражается в научных, публицистических, художественно- публицистических и художественных текстах. Ключевыми при характеристике своеобразия социокультурного пространства региона стали понятия краеведческого дискурса, мемориально-краеведческой функции, краеведческой доминанты и краеведческого фокусирования. Краеведческий дискурс ориентирован на создание и осмысление образа «малой родины» и включает в себя региональные массмедиа, региональную литературу, научные и научно-популярные работы, направленные на исследование родного края. В статье рассмотрены примеры проявления краеведческого фокусирования в научном, публицистическом и художественном текстах, воплощающих тему «Достоевский в Кузнецке». В репрезентации темы «Достоевский в Кузнецке» в текстах краеведческой направленности сделан акцент, с одной стороны, на роли венчания с М.Д. Исаевой в судьбе Ф.М. Достоевского, с другой стороны, на роли этого события в судьбе города, прикоснувшегося к жизни великого писателя.
Metodologias ativas: técnicas e ferramentas para o aprimoramento do processo de aprendizado no ambiente escolar
Authors: Andrade Andreia Liane Carvalho de , Ribeiro Michelle Katula Siqueira , Andrade Angela Lúcia Carvalho de , Santos Junio Gabriel Sombra dos , Mota Carlos Jonatas Fonseca
Published: October 2024

Este trabalho teve como objetivo a análise da utilização de metodologias ativas, técnicas e ferramentas para o aprimoramento do processo de aprendizado escolar, abordando a perspectiva de professores de Ciências da Natureza de duas escolas públicas localizadas na Zona Leste de Manaus, sobre metodologias ativas. Examina as demandas dos alunos diante das mudanças sociais e ingresso no mercado de trabalho, destacando a evolução das metodologias de ensino, discutindo técnicas específicas, tais como: Aprendizagem Baseada em Projetos (Project-Based Learning-ABP), Instrução Por Pares (Peer Instruction – PI), Aprendizagem por meio de jogos (Game-Based Learning-GBL), Sala de aula Invertida (Flipped Classroom), Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas (Problem-Based Learning-PBL). Este estudo possui um vasto potencial teórico e prático na aplicação de metodologias ativas, técnicas e ferramentas para melhorar o processo de aprendizado escolar, pois sua relevância reside na fundamentação de novas práticas e na adoção de ferramentas educacionais através de um estudo descritivo e exploratório usando um questionário semiestruturado, onde obteve-se como resultado que 34% dos docentes afirmaram que “Aprendizagem Baseada em Projetos”, seguido de 33% para “Sala de aula Invertida” foram as metodologias utilizadas com o melhor desempenho no processo de ensino aprendizagem na visão docente, pois torna o aluno como o protagonista do aprendizado e o ensina a agir com autonomia.
Metodologias Ativas e Protagonismo Juvenil no Ensino Médio
Authors: AQUINO DE SOUZA JOSE HENRIQUE , Silva de Souza Ribeiro Marcelo
Published: October 2024

Ao longo do contexto histórico da educação brasileira, percebemos mudanças nos processos metodológicos para atender às novas especificidades dos discentes (sujeitos autônomos e protagonistas). Diante disso, surgem as Metodologias Ativas de Ensino e Aprendizagem as quais colocam os jovens no centro do processo educacional, por meio de métodos atrativos e reflexivos. Este trabalho tem como objetivos destacar os novos paradigmas da educação e os avanços da Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação (TIC); discutir os impactos das metodologias ativas no processo de ensino e aprendizagem e demonstrar a relação dos métodos ativos com o protagonismo juvenil no Ensino Médio (EM), além de apresentar uma proposta de atividade utilizando metodologia ativa no 1º ano. Como processo metodológico, o artigo traz um estudo de cunho exploratório a partir de trabalhos já realizados, como livros e artigos científicos sobre as Metodologias Ativas e suas interferências no processo educacional; sites, como a LDB comentada e as algumas Leis (LDB, BNCC e CF). Como resultado final, o trabalho conduziu a uma discussão acerca dos impactos das Metodologias Ativas no processo de aprendizagem e como isso se articula com o desenvolvimento do protagonismo juvenil no EM. Quanto às considerações finais, é importante salientar a relevância das discussões aqui expostas para a construção de uma educação mais problematizadora e que atenda às reais necessidades dos alunos do século XXI.
O Whatsapp na Pesquisa sobre Valorização Docente
Authors: Alarcón Leiva Jorge , Bertasi Nascimento Alessandra
Published: October 2024

A investigação no campo da educação instiga cada vez mais interesse, posto que seu desenvolvimento põe em evidência, constantemente, novos desafios em relação ao que se deve enfrentar para dirimir a desigualdade. Tais desafios demandam, também, novos métodos. Este artigo apresenta as características de uma conversa realizada entre professores brasileiros e chilenos sobre o ensino, no âmbito da política de valorização docente, utilizando o WhatsApp como ferramenta para a formação de uma comunidade social. Partindo da descrição dos critérios e procedimentos para a criação da comunidade, o texto reflete sobre as potencialidades e limites que a rede social digital oferece, para, então, apresentar, em termos de transformação dos resultados alcançados, uma avaliação dos seus principais pressupostos metodológicos e epistemológicos.
РОЗВИТОК МУЛЬТИМОДАЛЬНИХ ПЕРЕВЕЗЕНЬ ЗА СУЧАСНИХ УМОВ
Authors: Shuldiner J.V. , Prymachenko H.O. , Petryk S.V. , Pashchenko G.S.
Published: October 2024

Вступ. Мультимодальні перевезення є ключовим елементом сучасної логістики та транспортної індустрії, що сприяє оптимізації та ефективності переміщення вантажів. Такий вид транспортування стає більш привабливим як для інвесторів, так і для перевізників. Тому дослідження можливостей мультимодальних перевезень стосовно України має велику актуальність. Мета. Головним завданням дослідження є проведення аналізу сучасного стану мультимодальних перевезень та можливостей їх розвитку в Україні. Для його виконання необхідно проаналізувати історичні аспекти розвитку мультимодальних перевезень та визначити їх ключові тенденції для розуміння перспектив подальшого розвитку такого виду перевезень, у тому числі в рамках логістичних ланцюгів. Також буде доцільним дослідження нових технологій, підходів та їхнього впливу на покращення перевізних процесів. Результати. У цій статті розглянуто різні аспекти мультимодальних перевезень в сучасних умовах. Починаючи з огляду історії та розвитку цієї галузі, стаття розглядає переваги мультимодальних перевезень, такі як ефективність та економічність, а також виклики, з якими вони стикаються, зокрема технологічні обмеження та легіслятивні аспекти. У статті також розглянуто сучасні тенденції у мультимодальних перевезеннях, включаючи використання новітніх технологій та розвиток електронних логістичних платформ. На прикладах успішних реалізацій продемонстровано значення мультимодальних перевезень для сучасного глобального логістичного ринку. Висновки. Мультимодальні перевезення нині уже є невід’ємною частиною сучасної логістики. Подальшому розвитку цього виду транспортування сприяють значні технологічні досягнення та інновації. Зважаючи на швидко зростаючі глобалізацію та обсяги міжнародної торгівлі, варто розраховувати на підвищення значення мультимодальних перевезень. Приклади ефективних підходів до розвитку транспортної системи є у США та країнах Євросоюзу, тому варто враховувати їхній досвід. Це дасть змогу повною мірою використовувати потенціал України як країни-транзитера та, відповідно, прискорити економічне відновлення країни.
Narrative Review: Pencegahan Kejadian Stunting dengan Berbantuan Protein Hewani pada Balita
Authors: Nur hidayatullah rustam  , Shofiyah Latief  , Andi Millaty Halifah Dirgahayu Lantara  , Aryanti R. Bamahry  , Sidrah Darma
Published: October 2024

Asupan nutrisi gizi sangat dibutuhkan individu termasuk balita. Pada kenyataannya, masih banyak balita di Indonesia yang mengalami malnutrisi. Malnutrisi identik dengan kejadian stunting seperti di tahun 2022 sebanyak 21,6%. Malnutrisi pada balita dapat diatasi dengan pemberian protein hewani secara berkelanjutan sehingga peranannya sangat penting. Urgensi protein hewani seperti menunjang tumbuh kembang balita, melakukan regenerasi sel, hingga membangun sistem imun pada balita. Tujuan umum dari penelitian ini untuk menguji secara empiris peranan protein hewani untuk mencegah angka kejadian stunting meningkat pada balita. Narrative review menjadi metode tepat yang diaplikasikan dalam penelitian ini dengan mengumpulkan 15 jurnal terkait protein hewani. Protein hewani yang beragam memiliki pengaruh terhadap penurunan angka kejadian stunting. Asupan protein hewani dalam makanan pendamping ASI diberikan minimal 2 kali seminggu untuk mengurangi resiko kejadian stunting. Protein hewani dapat mempercepat laju pertumbuhan, meningkatkan nafsu makan dan sumber energi balita. Bentuk protein hewani antara lain telur, susu, cookies tepung tulang ikan dan ikan lele. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat protein hewani berperan penting dalam menurunkan angka kejadian stunting pada balita. Kandungan utama dalam protein hewani ialah beberapa asam amino esensial diantaranya Lisin, Leusin serta Asam Glutamat serta komponen penyusun lainnya yang diperlukan tubuh dalam membantu proses metabolisme tubuh.
Hubungan Derajat Sindrom Mata Kering terhadap Durasi Penggunaan Gagdet pada Mahasiswa
Authors: Mirsyanda Rifanisa Putri  , Suliati P. Amir  , Zulfikri Khalil Novriansyah  , Ratih Natasha Maharani  , Nur Aulia
Published: October 2024

Sindrom mata kering adalah suatu kondisi ketika mata tidak memproduksi air mata yang cukup atau terjadi penguapan air mata yang berlebihan. Saat ini penggunaan gadget pada mahasiswa meningkat karena sistem pembelajaran yang sering menggunakan gadget. Paparan gadget terhadap mata dengan durasi yang lama secara terus-menerus dapat mempengaruhi fungsi dari kornea akibat terjadinya penguapan air mata yang berlebihan karena kurangnya kedipan mata pada saat menggunakan gadget. Dengan meningkatnya penggunaan gadget, sindrom mata kering menjadi lebih sering terjadi terutama pada kalangan mahasiwa. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan derajat sindrom mata kering terhadap durasi penggunaan gadget pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muslim Indonesia angkatan 2021. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif berupa observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional study. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner dalam bentuk google form. Data yang didapatkan selanjutnya diolah menggunakan Microsoft Excel dan SPSS. Dari 168 responden yang mengisi kuesioner diperoleh sindrom mata kering derajat berat berjumlah 91 orang (54,2%) dan durasi penggunaan gadget lebih dari 4 jam dalam sehari berjumlah 116 orang (69%). Berdasarkan uji Chi-Square didaptkan nilai p-value (0,003) < 0,05 yang menandakan adanya hubungan yang signifikan. Terdapat hubungan antara derajat sindrom mata kering terhadap durasi penggunaan gadget pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muslim Indonesia Angkatan 2021.
Hubungan Otitis Media Supuratif Kronik dengan Gangguan Pendengaran
Authors: S Muh Taqdir , Hermiaty Nasaruddin  , Andi Tenri Sanna Arifuddin  , Ahmad Ardhani Pratama  , Mohammad Reza Zainal Abidin
Published: October 2024

Otitis media supuratif kronik (OMSK) merupakan salah satu penyebab terjadinya gangguan pendengaran. Gangguan pendengaran pada OMSK disebabkan karena adanya perforasi pada membran timpani, sehingga menghambat aliran suara ke telinga bagian dalam. enelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan otitis media supuratif kronik dengan gangguan pendengaran di RS. Ibnu Sina Makassar pada periode Januari 2020 – Februari 2024. Penelitian ini adalah observasional dengan pendekatan analitik dan desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah Cross Sectional Study. Jumlah total penderita OMSK di Rumah Sakit Ibnu Sina Makassar periode Januari 2020 – Februari 2024 adalah sebanyak 48 pasien. Didapatkan hasil sebanyak 36 pasien (75%) mengalami OMSK Tipe Benigna sebanyak 12 pasien (25%) OMSK Tipe Maligna. Pasien OMSK yang mengalami gangguan pendengaran didapatkan sebanyak 29 pasien (60,4%) dan sebanyak 19 pasien (39,6%) tidak ada gangguan pendengaran. Hasil uji Chi-Square didapatkan hubungan signifikan antara kejadian OMSK terhadap gangguan pendengaran pada pasien p-value 0,011 < 0,05. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara otitis media supuratif kronik dengan gangguan pendengaran.
СТАНОВЛЕННЯ ТА РОЗВИТОК КАПЕЛАНСЬКОЇ СЛУЖБИ У ЗБРОЙНИХ СИЛАХ УКРАЇНИ У РОКИ РОСІЙСЬКО-УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ВІЙНИ (2014–2022)
Authors: БУРАКОВ Юрій , ТОМЧУК Олександр
Published: October 2024

Автори аналізують витоки та розвиток душпастирської служби у Збройних Силах України. Доведено, що після проголошення незалежності України керівництво країни, громадські організації та релігійні конфесії почали запроваджувати інститут військового духовенства (капеланства) у Збройні Сили України. Встановлено, що початок російсько-української війни призвів до масового волонтерського руху, зокрема першими капеланами у військових частинах у районі ведення бойових дій були волонтери-священнослужителі. Визначено етапи становлення інституту військового капеланства.
ІНЖЕНЕРНО-ПРОМИСЛОВИЙ ТА ВІЙСЬКОВО-ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНИЙ РОЗВИТОК РАДЯНСЬКОЇ ВАЖКОЇ БОМБАРДУВАЛЬНОЇ АВІАЦІЇ (1920–1941 рр.)
Authors: ДЕЙНЕГА Віктор
Published: October 2024

У статті представлено еволюцію важких і дальньобомбардувальних літаків протягом міжвоєнного етапу в історії авіації (1920–1941 рр.). На думку автора, відродження і розвиток авіації у ці роки значною мірою характеризувалися розробкою і будівництвом важких дальньобомбардувальних літаків. Такий напрям виявив необхідність у формуванні їх військово-організаційної структури, стратегії й тактики бойового застосування.Автор доводить, що спочатку були створені авіаційні загони, які пізніше трансформувалися в авіаційні ескадрильї. З метою розширення парку літаків та підвищення їх бойових можливостей радянське керівництво для Військово-Повітряних Сил закуповувало літаки у Франції та Німеччині. Фрагментарно висвітлено, що на цьому етапі повітряний рух у СРСР і навчання радянських льотчиків забезпечували німецькі фахівці.У статті доведено, що розвиток важкої дальньобомбардувальної авіації як ключового елемента безпеки новоствореної держави (СРСР) набув особливого статусу і почав ресурсно належно забезпечуватися. Почали розроблятися і будуватися нові літаки, у тому числі на авіазаводах, розміщених на території сучасної України, що послужили основою для удосконалення подальших варіантів авіаційної техніки.
Macroeconomic imbalances of the formation of the public debt of Ukraine under the conditions of martial state
Authors: Zhukov Andrii
Published: October 2024

The article examines theoretical-methodical and applied aspects, the justification of management decisions in solving existing problems related to modern macroeconomic imbalances in the formation and maintenance of the national debt of Ukraine in the post-pandemic period and under martial law. The peculiarities of the formation and growth of the state debt of Ukraine in the conditions of martial law are analyzed. In order to develop recommendations for minimizing the negative impact of the risks of the growth of the national debt of Ukraine in the conditions of martial law, the author’s definition of the concept of «macroeconomic imbalance» was formulated, under which it is proposed to understand a certain imbalance or imbalance between various economic indicators on the scale of the entire national economy, and its types are also defined (budgetary, trade, consumer demand, investment and financial imbalances). It has been established that the main reasons for the significant imbalance of revenues and expenses in the budget of Ukraine are the irrational use of budget funds, economic instability, the military aggression of the Russian Federation on the territory of Ukraine, the presence of certain shortcomings in the legislative base, and the growth of the state debt. Indicators of macroeconomic development and their influence on the formation and servicing of the state debt and the economic security of Ukraine are determined. The main principles of ensuring the management and regulation of the state debt of Ukraine in the conditions of martial law due to the observance of the doctrine of internal debt are substantiated; financial provision of the state’s needs in terms of provision of expenditures on the country’s defense capability, their economic feasibility and coordination with monetary and fiscal policy. It has been proven that the formation of the national debt can have different consequences for both the country and the population, in this regard, the factors of negative influence have been identified and the risks associated with the formation and growth of the national debt of Ukraine in the conditions of martial law for the country have been structured. as a whole and for the population. A program of specific measures to minimize the negative impact on the formation of the state debt of Ukraine in the conditions of martial law is proposed.
The impact of the brics countries on the global economy: retrospective analysis and prospects for expansion
Authors: Orekhova Tetyana , Furman Taras
Published: October 2024

The article analyzes the stages of formation of the BRICS bloc. The change in the absolute and relative economic weight of the BRICS economies over the past decade in the structure of the world economy is determined. The analysis of the dynamics of macroeconomic indicators of the BRICS countries allowed to conclude that economic growth in the BRICS countries is uneven.
The dynamics of the macroeconomic indicators of the BRICS countries demonstrates a high frequency of fluctuations, which is typical for an unstable economic environment, in particular, the largest amplitude of fluctuations in the inflation rate among the BRICS countries in the Russian Federation confirms the thesis that this economy is vulnerable to internal and external risks. The war in Ukraine is having a disruptive effect on commodity markets in the short and potentially long term; tighter financial conditions may cause debt difficulties for some members of the group.
The article examines the chronology of the expansion of cooperation within the BRICS bloc in terms of the results of summits and meetings of the BRICS trade ministers.
Trends in the formation of the external political environment for assessing the impact of the BRICS countries on the global economy are identified.
In order to determine the integral assessment of the level of convergence of the BRICS countries in the current composition and to compare the macroeconomic indicators of the BRICS countries with the indicators of countries that may be potential candidates for inclusion in the BRICS (Argentina, Egypt, Iran, Ethiopia, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia), the following indicators were selected: GDP growth rate; GDP deflator; GDP per capita (real); value added as a percentage of GDP.
The selected indicators were averaged over the period 2017-2022. In order to compare the selected countries, the taxonomy method was used, which is a grouping, systematization and classification of units. The analysis has led to the conclusion that convergence has not been achieved both between the countries that have been members of the BRICS bloc for almost 17 years and between the BRICS countries and the countries that are candidates for joining the bloc, i.e., there is no economic basis for further development of multilateral integration processes between these countries, which proves the purely political nature of this initiative.
Improving approaches to the management, accounting and control of receivable debt in the period of martial law
Authors: Tomchuk Viktor , Stulii Maryna
Published: October 2024

In the period of martial law, when the economy of enterprises becomes especially vulnerable, the issues of management and control of receivables become critical. Bad and questionable debts become not only an element of financial losses, but also an important indicator of economic instability, which can lead to the threat of bankruptcy of enterprises.
One of the key challenges of managing accounts receivable in martial law is uncertainty and unpredictability. Conflicting circumstances lead to changes in consumer demand, production processes and supply chains, which increases the risk of buyer insolvency. Businesses must improve their approaches to identifying and managing bad and doubtful debts.
In this context, the formation of a reserve for doubtful debts becomes an extremely important aspect of the receivables management strategy. Improving the control of receivables also involves the effective use of technology and innovation. Automation of payment monitoring processes, identification of risky customers and analysis of financial stability can contribute to prompt response to changes and timely adoption of strategic decisions.
The threat of bankruptcy of enterprises in the conditions of martial law requires from the management not only an effective response to current problems, but also a strategic vision of the future.
Improving approaches to management, accounting and control of receivables during the period of martial law in Ukraine is an important task that requires an integrated approach to financial management. Stability in these conditions can be achieved through a sound strategy, improved processes and a relentless study of market and economic trends.
The structure of subaccount 361 «Settlements with domestic buyers» has been improved. In particular, it is recommended to introduce new sub-accounts of the fourth order for detailing the terms of debt repayment by debtors and taking into account the periods of non-repayment.
The model «Receivables 365: distribution and control by maturity» was developed, within which it is recommended to expand the ranges of classification of current receivables by maturity within one year. This will contribute to the strengthening of internal control over current receivables, taking into account the terms of its repayment by counterparties, and will allow determining the most critical calculations from the point of view of the approaching terms of their payment.
Principles of effective implementation of marketing in enterprises in the conditions of economy transformation
Authors: Sorokotiaha Maria
Published: October 2024

The article examines the trends and identifies the problems that hinder the effective operation of the enterprise, substantiates the need to develop new organizational-economic marketing-oriented forms of increasing the efficiency of their functioning, taking into account the conditions of market relations. The periodization of the development of marketing relations of domestic enterprises has been carried out, due to which the necessity of introducing a marketing mechanism for managing their activities, based on its sequential development as an integral system with a discrete state, represented by research, production, communication, sales and controlling subsystems, is argued. A prognostic-transformational model of the enterprise’s marketing mechanism was built, which takes into account the probabilistic nature of the impact of marketing processes on the economic state of the enterprise and a large list of factors influencing the enterprise’s marketing environment. The application of a complex approach to the evaluation of the effectiveness of the marketing mechanism of managing the company’s activities makes it possible to determine the effectiveness of its subordinate subsystems. The expediency of implementing a functional-regional organizational structure for managing the activities of enterprises is substantiated, based on the peculiarities of the placement of productive forces and the principles of their management. A scheme for making constructive management decisions has been developed according to a complex multivariate logistic model, which takes into account the degree of development, experience and financial stability of enterprises, as well as the most modern principles of production organization. For the stable functioning of enterprises in a hierarchical market environment, a transition to the concept of creating their positive image in a hierarchical market environment is proposed.
Electronic money in Ukraine:features and accounting with consideration of the factor of war
Authors: Khodzytska Valentyna
Published: October 2024

The main trends of electronic money development are investigated in the article, in particular the basic changes in the number of electronic wallets, the volume of transactions with electronic money in the conditions of martial law.
The main advantages of using electronic payments by users are highlighted and the reasons for increasing trends of using electronic money are listed. It is convenience thanks to simple functionality, ease of use on the Internet, reduction of cash in circulation, ensuring control of cash flows and creation of payment infrastructure. As a result of the concept of «electronic money» it is revealed that electronic money can be considered as a means of payment, but they cannot be equated to hryvnia. The main restrictions on electronic money payments for the month and calendar year are described. The article outlines the steps you need to take to replenish your electronic purse or withdraw funds.
Identified 23 banks which can issue electronic money and payment systems was indicate that banks use: Mastercard, Visa, Space, Maxi, Globalmoney, Forpost, Alfa-money, Electrum, Xpay. Highlight a smart card or other media containing the chip, which allows people to make payments at POS terminals using NFC contactless payment technology.
A Pilot Project for the Issue of E-Hryvnia Based on the Blockchain System is analyzed, provided that only the National Bank of Ukraine is the issuer of the e-Hryvnia.
In terms of accounting, the account 33 «Other means» is assigned to display electronic money, however in cases of purchase of goods by card, the account 37 «Settlements with different debtors» is used. The article deals with the disadvantages of displaying electronic money in these accounts. Further prospects and future challenges in using electronic payments and accounting is estimated.
Formation of labor intellectual capital in enterprises: conceptual aspects
Authors: Shepelenko Svitlana
Published: October 2024

The strategy of socio-economic development should be aimed at ensuring a sustainable increase in the standard of living of the population and high rates of economic growth, reduction of social inequality, as well as further formation of economic and political stability in conditions of uncertainty. Achieving these goals is possible with a significant increase in the level of competitiveness of domestic enterprises, the development of business and entrepreneurship, and the development of labor intellectual capital. Therefore, one of the main priorities of the socio-economic development of domestic enterprises in the near future is the improvement of the labor intellectual capital management system.
The article defines that the main goal is to fully provide all branches of the national economy with highly qualified personnel in accordance with the needs of the labor market. According to preliminary forecasts, in the strategic perspective, the population will decrease significantly, labor intellectual capital will become a scarce resource.
Today’s tasks are the rational use and motivation of the labor intellectual capital of each employee in order to increase the level of competitiveness of domestic enterprises in conditions of uncertainty.
Improvement of the labor intellectual capital management system involves the constant development of human resources, full and effective use of labor at all levels of activity of domestic enterprises. In modern market conditions, human resources and labor intellectual capital are of key importance for the development of not only domestic enterprises, but also the development of the economy of regions and the country for entering the world economy.
The life cycle of labor intellectual capital, which consists of four main stages of product movement: development, growth, maturity and decline, is considered in detail.
Intelligent drivers for building a smart economy in the conditions of the current challenges of the development of the global economy on the basis of a systematic approach
Authors: Tepliuk Mariia , Puzko Serhii
Published: October 2024

This article comprehensively explores the concept of the «smart economy.» It observes that contemporary challenges faced by post-industrial and information societies have led to the emergence of the smart economy concept. The active development of the smart economy concept is associated with the idea of «Industry 4.0,» which establishes principles such as the functional compatibility of humans and production tools, transparency of information, the ability of industrial systems to create a virtual copy of the physical world, technical assistance provided by production tools to humans, autonomous decision-making capabilities of industrial systems, enhanced industrial ecology, and socialization. The article illustrates the existence of diverse perspectives on the essence of the smart economy concept. Based on the analyzed viewpoints, it proposes considering this phenomenon in broad and narrow senses. In the broad sense, smart economy combines traditional industrial means with artificial intelligence and IT achievements, leading to a transition to a qualitatively higher type of societal economic development. In the narrow sense, smart economy constitutes part of other contemporary innovations in a logical connection (smart cities, intelligent industries). The article explores various components of the smart economy concept and formulates its own elements: smart environment, smart governance, smart digitalization, smart education, and intelligent life, based on doctrinal perspectives. The article illustrates different viewpoints regarding the components of intellectual drivers and proposes its perspective — human-centric management in industry, digitization of economic management processes, effective environmental protection methods, and the increased role of intellectual resources in society’s daily life. It determines the expediency of implementing the smart economy in the economic system of Ukraine, highlighting the positive and negative aspects of such implementation. The gradual introduction of the smart economy into Ukraine’s economic system is deemed necessary; otherwise, it may exacerbate societal problems.
z ∼ 2 dual AGN host galaxies are disky: stellar kinematics in the ASTRID Simulation
Authors: Dadiani Ekaterine , Matteo Tiziana Di , Chen Nianyi , Lachance Patrick , Chen Yu-Ching , Shen Yue , Croft Rupert , Ni Yueying , Bird Simeon
Published: October 2024

We study dual AGN host galaxy morphologies at z=2 using the ASTRID simulation, selecting black hole (BH) pairs with small separation (), high mass ( MBH,12>107M⊙), and luminosity (). We kinematically decompose (using MORDOR) ∼1000 dual AGN hosts into standard components - a ‘disk’ (thin and thick disk, pseudo-bulge) and ‘bulge’ (bulge and halo) and define disk-dominated galaxies by the disk-to-total D/T≥0.5. In ASTRID, 60.9±2.1% of dual AGN hosts (independent of separation) are disk-dominated, with the D/T distribution peaking at ∼0.7. In dual-AGN hosts, the D/T increases from $17% $ at to $ 64% $ for , and the pseudo-bulge is the dominant component of the disk fraction at the high mass end. Moreover, dual AGN hosts exhibit a higher fraction of disk/large pseudo-bulge than single-AGN hosts. The Disk-to-Total ratio is approximately constant with BH mass or AGN luminosity. We also create mock images of dual AGN host galaxies, employing morphological fitting software Statmorph to calculate morphological parameters and compare them with our kinematic decomposition results. Around 83.3±2.4% of galaxies display disk-like profiles, of which ∼60.7±2.2% are kinematically confirmed as disks. Se'rsic indices and half-mass radii of dual AGN host galaxies align with observational measurements from HST at z∼2. Around 34% are identified as mergers from the Gini−M20 relation. We find two dual AGN hosted by galaxies that exhibit disk-like se'rsic index n12<1 and (D/T)12>0.5, which are in remarkable agreement with properties of recently discovered dual quasars in disk galaxies at z∼2.
ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ПОНЯТТЯ «ПОДАТКОВИЙ КРЕДИТ»
Authors: Ковалко Н. М. , Глух О. В.
Published: October 2024

В умовах сьогодення однією з основних гарантій сталого та ефективного розвитку України як сучасної правової держави та забезпечення її стабільності є злагоджене та безперервне функціонування податкової системи.
У статті досліджено основні науково-теоретичні підходи, що характеризують правову природу податкового кредиту. Зроблено висновок, що поняття «податковий кредит» найчастіше застосовують у двох розуміннях: податковий кредит з податку на прибуток та податковий кредит з податку на додану вартість. Сформульовано основні особливості та відмінності між поняттям «податковий кредит» та «податкова пільга». Підсумовано, що недоцільно податковий кредит визначати лише як підвид податкової пільги.
Поняття «податковий кредит» має подвійну правову природу, оскільки правове регулювання податкового кредиту здійснюється як імперативним, так і диспозитивним методами правового регулювання. Вважаємо за недоцільне визначати податковий кредит як різновид податкової пільги, оскільки вказані поняття «податковий кредит» та «податкова пільга» не є однотипними та мають досить широкі значення, тому повне поглинання одного поняття до іншого є неможливим. Податковий кредит зумовлює зміну строків сплати податкового платежу, тобто змінює лише порядок виконання податкового обов’язку платників, а не звільняє від нього, тому необхідно розглядати податковий кредит не як різновид податкової пільги, а як форму зміни порядку виконання обов’язку зі сплати податку. Також пропонуємо узагальнено визначати податковий кредит як суму, на яку платник будь-якого податку має право зменшити податкове зобов’язання впродовж відповідного звітного (податкового) періоду. З огляду на це доцільно внести зміни до статті 14.1.181 Податкового кодексу України та викласти визначення поняття «податковий кредит» так: «14.1.181.
Податковий кредит – сума, на яку платник будь-якого податку має право зменшити податкове зобов’язання впродовж відповідного звітного (податкового) періоду, визначена згідно з розділом V цього Кодексу».