bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Mixing Phenomena in Double-Tee Junctions
Authors: Grbčić Luka , Kranjčević Lado , Lučin Ivana , Čarija Zoran
Published: June 2019

This work investigates mixing phenomena in a pressurized pipe system with two sequential Tee junctions and experiments are conducted for a range of different inlet flow ratios, varying distances between Tee junctions and two pipe branching configurations. Additionally, obtained experimental results are compared with results from previous studies by different authors and are used to validate the numerical model using the open source computational fluid dynamics toolbox OpenFOAM. Two different numerical approaches are used—Passive scalar model and Multiphase model. It is found that both numerical models produce similar results and that they are both greatly dependent on the turbulent Schmidt number. After the calibration procedure, both models provided good results for all investigated flow ratios, double-Tee junction distances, and pipe branching configurations, therefore both numerical models can be applied for a wide range of pipe networks configurations, but passive scalar model is the viable choice due to its much higher computational efficiency. Obtained results also describe the relationship between the double-Tee distances and complete mixing occurrence.
Groundwater Nitrate Contamination Integrated Modeling for Climate and Water Resources Scenarios: The Case of Lake Karla Over-Exploited Aquifer
Authors: Sidiropoulos Pantelis , Tziatzios Georgios , Vasiliades Lampros , Mylopoulos Nikitas , Loukas Athanasios
Published: June 2019

Groundwater quantity and quality degradation by agricultural practices is recorded as one of the most critical issues worldwide. This is explained by the fact that groundwater is an important component of the hydrological cycle, since it is a source of natural enrichment for rivers, lakes, and wetlands and constitutes the main source of potable water. The need of aquifers simulation, taking into account water resources components at watershed level, is imperative for the choice of appropriate restoration management practices. An integrated water resources modeling approach, using hydrological modeling tools, is presented for assessing the nitrate fate and transport on an over-exploited aquifer with intensive and extensive agricultural activity under various operational strategies and future climate change scenarios. The results indicate that climate change affects nitrates concentration in groundwater, which is likely to be increased due to the depletion of the groundwater table and the decrease of groundwater enrichment in the future water balance. Application of operational agricultural management practices with the construction and use of water storage infrastructure tend to compensate the groundwater resources degradation due to climate change impacts.
Nitrogen and Phosphorus Budget for a Deep Tropical Reservoir of the Brazilian Savannah
Authors: Barbosa Jackeline do S. B. , Bellotto Valéria R. , da Silva Damiana B. , Lima Thiago B.
Published: June 2019

This research investigated the source and fate of different chemical species of N and P on a deep tropical urban reservoir, the artificial Lake Paranoá, located in the city of Brasilia (Brazil). To determine an N and P budget, nutrient input from the external load (four main tributaries and two wastewater treatment plants), internal load (from sediment) and nutrient output (from a downstream dam) were estimated empirically. Nutrient storage was evaluated in two compartments: water column and sediment. Nutrient input from the tributaries varied by season presenting higher loads in the wet season, especially N. Nutrient budgets in our study indicated that Lake Paranoá retained dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), PO43−-P, total organic phosphorus (TOP) and exported total organic nitrogen (TON), both on a seasonal and annual scale. Surface sediment is the major storage compartment for both N and P. These results show the pressing need for action to reduce the P outcome charges, mainly, from the wastewater treatment plants. The data here presented contributes to the recognition of this situation and to a better comprehension of these nutrient dynamics, as well as an understanding of the behavior of tropical deep-water reservoirs. This can help to promote more effective management, providing a reference for other similar systems.
Enhancement of Sustainable Development Statistics for the Russian Regions
Authors: Pyzhev A. I. , Syrtsova E. A. , Pyzheva Yu. I. , Zander E. V.
Published: June 2019

Environmental and ecological statistics in Russia is still under formation. Despite the widespread recognition of the importance of providing economic growth within the environmental constraints, there continues to be significant lack of data that could be used to identify trends in the sustainable development, especially at the regional level. The authors argue that genuine savings, a complex indicator of sustainable development, could become such a statistic tool.

The analysis shows that today Russia has gained extensive experience in assessing the sustainability of regional development using this indicator, but a comprehensive system for its assessment requires elaboration so that it could be established, as a regular practice in public administration.The article describes fundamental methodological issues of calculating the individual components of genuine savings through the current statistical accounting system in Russia. The paper considers conditions necessary to correctly estimate this indicator and ensure inter-regional and cross-country comparability of the results of such calculations.A version of the method for calculating genuine savings that is presented in this article requires an update of the system of statistical accounting in Russia. Practical application of this method along with the improvement of the system of statistical accounting shall allow for an adequate sustainability assessment of a particular region. This, in turn, shall provide a basis for establishing regional policies to compensate for resource depletion by investing in other types of capital.
Indicadores ambientais aplicados ao turismo: um estudo na comunidade de Barra Grande, Cajueiro da Praia (PI)
Authors: Vieira Anderson Fontenele , Lopes Wilza Gomes Reis , Araújo José Lopes
Published: June 2019

A comunidade de Barra Grande, destino turístico localizado no município de Cajueiro da Praia, Piauí, na Área de Proteção Ambiental (APA) do Delta do Parnaíba foi objeto de investigação deste estudo. Para tanto, estabeleceu-se como objetivo identificar impactos ambientais da falta de saneamento básico em Barra Grande, considerando indicadores de sustentabilidade ambiental referentes a captação da água, tratamento de dejetos e a coleta e destinação do lixo local. A metodologia adotada constou de pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e de campo, em que o levantamento dos dados qualitativos foi realizado por meio da aplicação de entrevistas semiestruturadas com três atores da gestão pública. Constatou-se que a realidade dos serviços de saneamento básico é bastante precária e que esta potencializa impactos ambientais que influenciam diretamente no desequilíbrio do sistema ambiental. Por fim, espera-se que os dados possam contribuir para o planejamento turístico, além de construir elementos para novas abordagens de pesquisa sobre a viabilidade e adesão de segmentos turísticos sustentáveis no contexto do estado do Piauí ou de outras regiões do Brasil.
Limitações no cativeiro quanto a promoção de bem-estar em primatas na percepção do visitante do Zoológico de Curitiba
Authors: Artigas Natalia Aline Soares , Fischer Marta Luciane
Published: June 2019

A continuidade dos zoológicos tem sido condicionada a intervenções conservacionistas e educativas, contudo sua legitimidade é apoiada na demanda da população por entretenimento e contato com a natureza, abstendo-se de uma avaliação crítica a respeito dos limites éticos envolvidos na relação com os animais. Objetivou-se caracterizar o entendimento do visitante quanto ao cativeiro de primatas e analisar a influência do público no comportamento dos animais. Constatou-se que os entrevistados identificaram as limitações do recinto e sugeriram mudanças para elevação do bem-estar animal, contudo, não relacionam sua própria presença como fator de estresse. Os dados suportam a necessidade de ampliação de intervenção da Educação Ambiental aliada a um eficiente processo de comunicação aprimorado por meio da Bioética Ambiental.
A Educação Ambiental e o ensino de ciências (6º ao 9º ano) na escola pública e privada
Authors: Gonçalves Andreia Fernandes , Silveira Adriana Santos , Cristo Jaquelline Prestes de , Gatinho Rose das Graças Bezerra de Souza , Junior Antonio Pereira
Published: June 2019

A pesquisa teve como objetivo de analisar como a Educação Ambiental está sendo trabalhada no ensino de ciências, em duas escolas (A = pública municipal; B = privada) de ensino fundamental do município de Paragominas – PA. O método empregado foi o dedutivo, com abrangência qualiquantitativa associada a levantamento de dados documentais e recorte temporal situado entre 2010 a 2018. Os dados primários foram obtidos com a aplicação de 284 formulários semiestruturados para os educandos dos quatro anos pesquisados em ambas as escolas, apenas no turno matutino. Os dados obtidos e analisados indicaram que, em B, a aplicação da EA foi mais efetiva quanto a inserção da Educação Ambiental no ensino de Ciências ( = 73), em relação aos quatro anos pesquisados (6.º, 7.º, 8.º e 9.º ano), quando comparado com A ( = 56,6), tanto nas questões objetivas, quanto nas subjetivas. Com isso, B, é mais efetiva na incorporação da Educação Ambiental ao conteúdo de Ciências quando comparado com A.
Методика збалансування сил і засобів підсистем вогневого ураження противника
Authors: Майстренко О. , Давидовський Л. С. , Прокопенко В. , Бубенщиков Р. В. , Стегура С.
Published: June 2019

Проведено обґрунтування методики збалансування сил і засобів підсистем вогневого ураження противника для максимально можливої реалізації їх спроможностей, що ґрунтується на побудові функціонально-організаційної схеми системи вогневого ураження противника з урахуванням чинників, які впливають на спроможності окремого функціонального елемента в процесі вогневого ураження противника.
Periodic addition of anaerobic sludge enhanced the lignocellulosic degradation rate during co-composting of oil palm biomass
Authors: Hasan Muhamad Yusuf , Hassan Mohd Ali , Mokhtar Mohd Noriznan , Idris Azni , Shirai Yoshihito , Dzulkarnain Zulnaim , Samsudin Mohd Hafif , Mohd Zainudin Mohd Huzairi
Published: June 2019

The main objective of this work was to investigate the effects of the controlled periodic addition of anaerobic sludge during composting to increase amount of microbial DNA, which appears to be correlated to soluble sugar content which may relate to rate of lignocellulosic degradation. In this study, the composting of pressed-shredded oil palm empty fruit bunch with the periodic addition of palm oil mill effluent anaerobic sludge for moisture control in a newly designed in-vessel type composter was carried out. A control experiment was also conducted over the same period but with the periodic addition of water for moisture control instead of the anaerobic sludge. The lignocellulosic composition and the reducing sugar content were determined via fibre analysis and the spectrophotometric method respectively. The bacterial profile throughout the composting process was quantified by using qPCR. The growth of bacteria reached its peak at 48°C and the degradation of lignocellulose was highest during the thermophilic stage. The highest content of reducing sugar coincided with the highest degradation rate of lignocellulose and the highest DNA copy number during the thermophilic stage. Under the controlled experimental condition of increasing the microbial community, the composting was accelerated to 2.07% OM degradation per day compared to the water addition control at 0.60% OM per day.
Determination of the immunogenic region in the LipL32 protein of Leptospira
Authors: Jumat Mohammad Iskandar , Rodrigues Kenneth Francis , Laribe Azlyna , Mohammad Rashidah , William Timothy , John Daisy Vanitha
Published: June 2019

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the pathogenic species of Leptospira. The initial symptoms include fever, myalgia, nausea, skin rash, chills, and headache, which can be misdiagnosed. LipL32 is the highly conserved and abundant outer membrane protein (OMP) of Leptospira, which is used as an antigen in serodiagnostic assays. We used three in silico methods to predict the immunodominant regions in the full-length LipL32 protein. We identified three regions, namely the N-terminus (NrLipL32, amino acid sequence 20th-120th), intermediate (amino acid sequence 120th-150th), and C-terminus (CrLipL32, amino acid sequence 160th-260th) regions. The full-length protein and two larger fragments were cloned into the pET22b plasmid and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). The purified proteins were used as antigens in an ELISA to detect Leptospira-specific antibodies. The CrLipL32 ELISA showed the highest sensitivity for IgM (73.3%) and IgG (65%), followed by the full-length rLipL32 ELISA (IgM 68% and IgG 60%). The full-length rLipL32 ELISA showed high specificity (IgM 85% and IgG 75%), followed by the NrLipL32 ELISA (IgM 75% and IgG 60%). The intermediate fragment showed very low sensitivity (IgM 17% and IgG 2%). The sensitivity of the rLipL32 ELISA could be enhanced by adding other OMPs of Leptospira.
УДОСКОНАЛЕНІ МЕТОДИКИ ВИГОТОВЛЕННЯ ЗНІМНИХ ПРОТЕЗІВ З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ САМОТВЕРДІЮЧОГО ЕЛАСТИЧНОГО МАТЕРІАЛУ
Authors: Янішен Ігор , Куліш С. , Герман С. , Яровая А.
Published: June 2019

Запропонована удосконалена технологія виготовлення двошарових повних знімних пластинкових протезів з використанням самотвердіючих еластичних базисних матеріалів. Запропоновано методику виготовлення безкламерних часткових знімних пластинкових протезів з використанням самотвердіючих еластичних матеріалів при наявності поодиноких зубів і приведено її оцінку за результатами клінічних спостережень.
LA MIGRACIÓN COMO PARTE DE LA IDENTIDAD CANADIENSE
Authors: Mora López Óscar Gabriel
Published: June 2019

La reputación de Canadá, y más específicamente la identidad canadiense, está marcada por las políticas que ha implementado respecto a la migración y a su integración de nuevos grupos de inmigrantes así como a sus políticas multiculturales. Conocer cómo la migración ha formado parte de la identidad nacional canadiense; cómo se ha influido en el diseño de políticas públicas y cómo se está transformando esta narrativa. La metáfora de Canadá como una sociedad multiétnica va un paso más allá al incorporar el tema de la migración. El argumento es que en Canadá además del acomodo a los grupos que constituyeron Canadá en su inicio, el beneficio de pertenencia se extiende también a los inmigrantes como parte de una dinámica integral del país.
LA GESTIÓN CULTURAL EN LA ERA DIGITAL EN EL CONTEXTO MEXICANO
Authors: Rodríguez de la Cruz Rocío
Published: June 2019

El presente escrito se desprende de la investigación realizada para la tesis doctoral “El periodismo digital como base para la elaboración de un modelo de desarrollo de contenidos sobre gestión cultural”, que continua en proceso. En la fase exploratoria fue interesante encontrar que la gestión cultural ha evolucionado significativamente en los últimos años, la integración de procesos y metodologías de otras disciplinas ha dado una continuidad a las acciones iniciadas desde la intuición. La formalización de esta actividad se ve reflejada en la oferta académica que incluye licenciaturas, maestrías y doctorados enfocados al tema en cuestión, además de la apertura de espacios presenciales y virtuales en las que se comparten investigaciones realizadas por especialistas en el área. Los avances tecnológicos han llevado a la conformación de la Gestión cultural 3.0 la cual va de la mano con la integración de diferentes medios, modelos, lenguajes y plataformas para realizar acciones encaminadas al tema central de esta investigación. Este artículo tiene como propósito responder las siguientes interrogantes: ¿Cómo ha sido la evolución de la figura del promotor cultural hacia el gestor cultural? ¿Qué es Gestión cultural 3.0? ¿Cuál es el contexto mexicano de la Gestión cultural 3.0?
SOSIALISASI BERINTERNET SEHAT DAN AMAN UNTUK REMAJA DI KECAMATAN CIHIDEUNG KOTA TASIKMALAYA JAWA BARAT
Authors: Fitri Sulidar , Rubiani Hani , Astuti Windi
Published: June 2019

Dampak dari seseorang mengakses internet adalah hal yang negatif dan bisa juga menjadi hal yang positif, namun hal tersebut bukanlah menjadi suatu hambatan masyarakat kita untuk maju dalam mengikuti perkembangan teknologi informasi. Untuk mengurangi dampak negative dari kegiatan penggunaan akses internet dibutuhkan sosialiasi berinternet secara sehat dan aman. Sosialisasi yang akan dilakukan di daerah kecamatan Cihideung terbilang tepat karena di daerah tersebut terdapat beberapa sekolah seperti SMA (SMA Plus Nurul Arif Salam), sekolah SMP (SMP Plus Nururl Arif Salam), dan Ishlahul Ummah Boarding School. Secara demografis tepat dikatakan bahwa daerah kecamatan Cihideung memiliki anak remaja berstatus pelajar yang cukup banyak dan menjadi perhatian penting. Berdasarkan situasi para remaja berstatus pelajar yang ada di daerah kecamatan Cihideung yang membutuhkan perhatian khusus dalam hal berinternet, maka disini ditawarkan solusi berupa “Sosialisasi Berinternet Sehat dan Aman”. Setelah dilakukan sosialisasi terlihat bahwa para remaja sangat antusisas dengan materi konten situs ataupun media sosial yang sehat dan positif sehingga diharapkan bisa diadakan lagi untuk di waktu mendatang.
Pendidikan Kesehatan Tuberkulosis “TOSS TB (Temukan Obati Sampai Sembuh)”
Authors: Pamela Sari Nina , Rachmawati Aida Sri
Published: June 2019

Tuberkulosis (TB) adalah penyakit infeksi yang disebabkan oleh kuman mycobacterium tuberkulosis. TB dapat menetap di semua bagian tubuh. Kita paling sering mendengar tentang TB paru. Kuman TB akan membuat makin banyak kuman yang dapat merusak bagian tubuh misalnya di paru – paru. Ketika paru – paru mengalami kerusakan maka seseorang yang terinfeksi kuman TB tidak dapat bernafas dengan baik. TB dapat disembuhkan dengan regimen pengobatan yang baik. Jika seseorang tidak menerapkan regimen pengobatan dengan baik dapat menyebabkan kematian akibat TB. TB paru berbahaya bagi orang lain karena dapat menyebar dengan mudah ke setiap orang. (WHO, A guide TB treatment supporters, 2002). Tiap pasien TB paru potensial dapat menularkan penyakitnya pada 15 orang pasien baru per tahun (Wandwalo,2000). Pendidikan kesehatan TOSS TB dilakukan melalui penyuluhan ke kader kesehatan di kelurahan Mulyasari. Populasi dan sampel dalam pengabdian ini adalah seluruh kader di kelurahan Mulyasari sebanyak 20 orang. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner dalam bentuk pertanyaan untuk mengetahui pengetahuan peserta sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan. Analisis data menggunakan ujiPaired-Samples T Test. Media yang digunakan adalah lembar brosur tentang TOSS TB.Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah semua kader berjenis kelamin perempuan, dengan rentang usia 21-50 tahun. Latar belakang pendidikan kader 65 % lulusan SMA dan 35% lulusan SMP.Hasil analisis ujiPaired-Samples T Testdidapatkan nilai p Value 0,000 yang artinya ada pengaruh penyuluhan yang dilakukan terhadap pengetahuan kader tentang TOSS TB. Kesimpulannya pendidikan kesehatan kepada kader memiliki pengaruh yang baik dalam peningkatan pengetahuannya, sehingga diharapkan dapat membentuk msayarakat peduli TB yang pada akhirnya mampu membantu menurunkan angka kejadian TB.

 

Kata Kunci : kader, pendidikan kesehatan, tuberkulosis
Age-related differences in the attentional white bear
Authors: Ashinoff Brandon K. , Tsal Yehoshua , Mevorach Carmel
Published: June 2019

The cognitive aging literature suggests that aging populations exhibit impairments in the proactive inhibition of attention. Although proactive inhibition is often preceded by the allocation of attention toward the predicted or known spatial location of to-be-ignored stimuli, proactive allocation of attention has not been assessed in aging populations. In this study, an older and younger cohort engaged in the attentional-white-bear paradigm which measures proactive allocation of attention. In this task, on 80% of trials, participants must identify a centrally located letter surrounded by congruent or incongruent flanker letters. The flanker locations are fixed and predictable within each block of the study. On 20% of trials, they must identify which of two dots appear first on the screen. One dot appears in the same location as the flanker, and one appears in an empty location during the flanker task. The typical white-bear effect is that, despite the dots appearing at the same time, participants more often report the dot in the location of the flanker (i.e., the potentially to-be-ignored location) to appear first. The magnitude of this effect is interpreted as the magnitude of attentional allocation prior to inhibition. In Experiment 1, there was no difference in the magnitude of the attentional white bear between younger and aging cohorts. However, when the attentional system was sufficiently taxed by reducing the flanker presentation (Experiments 2a and 2b), age-related differences emerged. In particular, older participants showed a reduced white-bear effect, reflecting a potential impairment in the proactive allocation of attention toward the location of expected distractors.
Black Hole Spin Signature in the Black Hole Shadow of M87 in the Flaring State
Authors: Kawashima Tomohisa , Kino Motoki , Akiyama Kazunori
Published: June 2019

Imaging the immediate vicinity of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) and extracting a BH-spin signature is one of the grand challenges in astrophysics. M87 is known as one of the best targets for imaging the BH shadow and it can be partially thick against synchrotron self-absorption (SSA), particularly in a flaring state with a high mass accretion rate. However, little is known about influences of the SSA-thick region on BH shadow images. Here we investigate BH shadow images of M87 at 230 GHz properly taking into account the SSA-thick region. When the BH has a high spin value, the corresponding BH shadow image shows the positional offset between the center of the photon ring and that of the SSA-thick ring at the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO) due to the frame-dragging effect in the Kerr spacetime. As a result, we find that a dark-crescent structure is generally produced between the photon ring and the SSA-thick ISCO ring in the BH shadow image. The scale size of the dark crescent increases with BH spin: its width reaches up to ∼2 gravitational radius when the BH spin is 99.8% of its maximum value. The dark crescent is regarded as a new signature of a highly spinning BH. This feature is expected to appear in flaring states with relatively high mass accretion rate rather than the quiescent states. We have simulated the image reconstruction of our theoretical image by assuming the current and future Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) array, and have found that the future EHT including space–very long baseline interferometry in 2020s can detect the dark crescent.
Virial Ratio: Direct Evaluation from Molecular Cloud Data and the Challenges of Improving Accuracy
Authors: Singh Ayushi , Matzner Christopher D. , Jumper Peter H.
Published: June 2019

The virial ratio between kinetic and gravitational terms provides key insight into the balance of forces that confine a molecular cloud, but the clumpy and filamentary structures of resolved clouds make it difficult to evaluate this ratio in a consistent way. For clouds with resolved maps of column density as well as a line tracer, we demonstrate that the gravitational energy can be estimated directly from observations in a manner similar to the kinetic energy. This offers improved diagnostic power and consistency. Disentangling a cloud from foreground and background materials is a persistent challenge, for which we introduce a strategy based on Abel’s transform. We provide proofs of principle using simulated clouds.
Taxonomic review of the mantidfly genus Nolima Navás (Neuroptera, Mantispidae, Calomantispinae)
Authors: Reynoso-Velasco Daniel , Contreras-Ramos Atilano
Published: June 2019

The mantidfly genus Nolima Navás, 1914 (Neuroptera, Mantispidae, Calomantispinae) is herein revised. Nolima is endemic to the New World, ranging from the southwestern United States south to Costa Rica. Nolimainfensa Navás, N.pinal Rehn, and N.victor Navás are redescribed, while the new species Nolimacostaricensis Reynoso & Contreras, sp. nov. is described from Costa Rica. The species N.dine Rehn and N.kantsi Rehn are synonymized with N.pinal. Additionally, the species N.praeliator Navás and N.pugnax Navás are synonymized with N.victor, for which a lectotype is designated. New distribution records are provided from Guatemala and Honduras for Nolimainfensa, the state of Nevada in western United States for N.pinal, and the state of Puebla in central Mexico for N.victor. An illustrated key and a distribution map are presented.
Taxonomic revision of Mordellistena hirtipes species complex with new distribution records (Insecta, Coleoptera, Mordellidae)
Authors: Selnekovič Dávid , Kodada Ján
Published: June 2019

A taxonomic revision of species related to Mordellistenahirtipes Schilsky, 1895 is presented. Five species among the M.hirtipes complex are recognised: M.hirtipes Schilsky, 1895, M.pseudohirtipes Ermisch, 1965, M.purpurascens Costa, 1854, M.balearica Compte, 1985, and M.irritans Franciscolo, 1991. Descriptions, differential diagnoses, an identification key, and new distributional records are provided. Principal Component Analysis is performed for visualisation of differentiation between taxa. The following taxonomic acts are proposed: Mordellistenapodlussanyi Czető, 1990 and M.aegea Franciscolo, 1949 are proposed as junior subjective synonyms of M.hirtipes Schilsky, 1895; M.fageli Ermisch, 1969 and M.pseudohirtipeskrotosensis Czető, 1990 are proposed as junior subjective synonyms of M.pseudohirtipespseudohirtipes Ermisch, 1965; M.geronensis Ermisch, 1977 and M.istrica Ermisch, 1977 are proposed as junior subjective synonyms of M.purpurascens Costa, 1854.
Effects of Design and Construction on the Carbon Footprint of Reinforced Concrete Columns in Residential Buildings
Authors: Fraile-Garcia E. , Ferreiro-Cabello J. , Martínez de Pison F. J. , Pernia-Espinoza A. V.
Published: June 2019

Constructing structural elements requires high performance materials. Important decisions about geometry and materials are made during the design and execution phases. This study analyzes and evaluates the relevant factors for reinforced concrete columns made in situ for residential buildings. This article identifies and highlights the most sensitive aspects in column design: geometry, type of cement, and concrete strength performance. Using C-40 concrete mixed with CEM-II proved to cut costs (up to 17.83%) and emissions (up to 13.59%). The ideal combination of rebar and concrete is between 1.47 and 1.73: this is the percentage of the ratio between the area of rebar and the area of the concrete section. The means used during the execution phase affect resource optimization. The location of a building has only a minor impact, wherein the wind zone exercises more influence than topographic altitude.
DECISION TREES FOR SEGMENTATION AND ASSESSMENT OF WOUND HEALING PROCESS OF DIABETIC PATIENTS
Authors: Babu K. S. , Sabut Sukanta , Ravi Kumar Y. B.
Published: June 2019

Wound healing is a slow process in diabetic patients due to levels of insulin variations in the body. Thus, we present an automated system to analyze and assess different stages of wound healing process of diabetic patients. The diabetic wound healing stages have been defined into three types, such as the level of tissues present in the wound: The percentage of granulations tissues, Necrotic tissues and Slough tissues present in the diabetic patients. The performance of the proposed method shall be assessed based on the clear accuracy of segmentation of wound region present in the patient body. The Decision Tree-based Segmentation method has yielded a good segmentation accuracy of 98.32% in comparison with the ground truth results of clinical data. Further, the assessment of wound healing stages of proposed method has given a good accuracy of measuring the stages of diabetic patients by measuring the percentage of different types of tissues present in the wound region. Based on the results of classification accuracy of the proposed method, we assess whether the wound is going to heal quickly or not. Thus, we presented an algorithm of Decision Trees for the purpose of segmentation and assessment of wound healing process of diabetic patients.
“Struggle” for Trust – Unintended Consequences of an “Integration Project”
Authors: Levínská Markéta , Doubek David
Published: June 2019

This article has resulted from multiple years of cooperation of the research team Bittnerová, Doubek, and Levínská that examines issues related to Roma education in the context of social exclusion. Its main topic is to search for an understanding and interpretation of the failure of the project aiming to develop a social centre intended to serve as a basis for providing social services to needy residents of the researched site. The failure of “integration” is not just the refusal of embracing intercultural differences but the symbolic refusal of the impoverished status of the whole town, with the local Roma being the most glaring symbol of that impoverishment. This theoretical point is the theory of cultural models of Strauss and Quinn. “Romahood” is seen as a radial family resemblance category driven by a prototype in the context of distributed culture.
Anomaly Detection Algorithm Based on Subspace Local Density Estimation
Authors: Zhang Chunkai , Yin Ao
Published: June 2019

In this article, the authors propose a novel anomaly detection algorithm based on subspace local density estimation. The key insight of the proposed algorithm is to build multiple trident trees, which can implement the process of building subspace and local density estimation. Each trident tree (T-tree) is constructed recursively by splitting the data outside of 3 sigma into the left or right subtree and splitting the remaining data into the middle subtree. Each node in trident tree records the number of instances that falls on this node, so each trident tree can be used as a local density estimator. The density of each instance is the average of all trident tree evaluation instance densities, and it can be used as the anomaly score of instances. Since each trident tree is constructed according to 3 sigma principle, it can obtain good anomaly detection results without a large tree height. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is effective and efficient.
ESTRATEGIAS DE ADAPTACIÓN Y PRÁCTICAS DE CUIDADO EN COMUNIDADES DESPLAZADAS CLIMÁTICAS: CASO COLOMBIANO
Authors: Amar-Amar José Juan , De la Hoz-Del Real Clara Inés , Martínez-González Marina Begoña , López-Muñoz Laura
Published: June 2019

El desplazamiento climático puede constituir un desafío para el desarrollo infantil, dado que las estrategias adoptadas por las familias y la comunidad, así como aquellas iniciativas o medidas institucionales para garantizar la supervivencia en este nuevo orden, no siempre se orientan al desarrollo integral de los infantes. Las prácticas de cuidado se ven afectadas por los dramáticos cambios a los que se enfrentan las familias en situación de desplazamiento, traduciéndose en la ruptura o transformación repentina de la cotidianidad. En ese sentido, el proyecto que se presenta, buscó conocer los retos en materia de cuidado infantil tras la ola invernal de 2010-2011, tomando como caso de estudio, las comunidades afectadas en el sur del departamento del Atlántico en Colombia.
ASCENSÃO PROFISSIONAL FEMININA, GESTAÇÃO TARDIA E CONJUGALIDADE
Authors: Bruzamarello Diogo , Patias Naiana Dapieve , Cenci Cláudia Mara Bosetto
Published: June 2019

A ascensão profissional feminina, dentre outras mudanças sociais e culturais, tem modificado os padrões das famílias na contemporaneidade. Um dos padrões refere-se ao adiamento da maternidade e como os casais vivenciam esta decisão, na relação conjugal. O objetivo desse estudo é compreender a decisão dos casais, principalmente da mulher, de adiar a parentalidade e como esta decisão impacta na relação conjugal. A pesquisa é de cunho qualitativo, transversal e descritivo. Participaram 16 indivíduos heterossexuais casados que responderam a uma entrevista semiestruturada. A análise das entrevistas foi realizada por meio da análise de conteúdo, da qual emergiram três categorias: (a) questão financeira no processo parental: 'ter filho com que dinheiro?', (b) tentativa de controle versus surpresa da gestação, e (c) gestação tardia e calmaria na conjugalidade. Evidenciou-se uma preocupação significativa quanto à seguridade financeira para gestar, assim como o desejo de controle dos casais com relação ao momento adequado da gestação e da maturidade emocional vivenciada pelos entrevistados quanto à gestação tardia. No que diz respeito à conjugalidade, os casais manifestam que a mesma trouxe união e compreensão.
FATORES DE RISCO E DE PROTEÇÃO PARA ATRASOS NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DA LINGUAGEM
Authors: Bettio Claudia Daiane Batista , Bazon Marina Rezende , Schmidt Andréia
Published: June 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho foi elencar fatores de risco e de proteção que, segundo a literatura nacional e internacional, estão associados com atrasos no desenvolvimento da linguagem oral de crianças. Foi desenvolvida uma revisão integrativa da literatura, nas bases de dados Lilacs, PsycINFO e Web of Science. A busca resultou em 12 artigos que atendiam aos critérios de seleção. A maioria dos trabalhos identificou fatores de risco estáticos, os quais são principalmente variáveis biológicas, ou da história de vida da criança. Um número menor de pesquisas investigou fatores de risco dinâmicos e fatores de proteção, dentre os quais foi ressaltado o suporte social oferecido à criança. Conhecer quais fatores estão relacionados a esses atrasos é imprescindível para a formulação de propostas que objetivem um desenvolvimento adequado da linguagem. São discutidas lacunas na literatura e a necessidade de novas pesquisas que atentem para o rigor metodológico, considerando a importância dessa discussão para eventuais intervenções.
O CONHECIMENTO E O SENTIDO DE REALIDADE NO PENSAMENTO DE SÁNDOR FERENCZI
Authors: Caropreso Fátima
Published: June 2019

Nas últimas décadas, a obra do psicanalista húngaro, Sándor Ferenczi, tem sido redescoberta e a importância de suas ideias vem sendo reconhecida. No entanto, o autor é lembrado, sobretudo, por suas inovações técnicas e suas reflexões sobre o trauma, embora sua obra comporte muitas contribuições diversas. Pode-se encontrar, em seus escritos, uma sofisticada teoria epistemológica e metapsicológica, ainda pouco estudada e reconhecida. Trata-se de uma teoria que vai além da de Freud e permite um aprofundamento da compreensão dos processos psíquicos e da própria possibilidade do conhecimento. Esse artigo tem como objetivo analisar e discutir as hipóteses de Ferenczi sobre o desenvolvimento do sentido de realidade, elaboradas em 'O desenvolvimento do sentido de realidade e seus estágios', de 1913, e 'O problema da afirmação do desprazer', de 1926. Procura-se demonstrar como ele desenvolve as hipóteses freudianas sobre a transição do princípio do prazer para o princípio de realidade e argumenta, de maneira original, que a autodestruição é condição para o conhecimento,  enriquecendo as concepções metapsicológicas  e a compreensão dos processos psíquicos fundamentais.
Comparative Study on Artificial Intelligence Techniques in Crime Forecasting
Authors: Khairuddin Alif Ridzuan , Alwee Razana , Harun Habibollah
Published: June 2019

An application of efficient crime analysis is beneficial and helpful to understand the behavior of trend and pattern of crimes. Crime forecasting is an area of research that assists authorities in enforcing early crime prevention measures. Statistical technique has been widely applied in the past to develop crime forecasting models. However, it has been observed that researchers have begun to shift their research interests from statistical model to artificial intelligence model in crime forecasting. Thus, this study is conducted to observe the capabilities of artificial intelligence technique in improving crime forecasting. The main objective of this study is to conduct a comparative analysis on forecasting performance capabilities of four artificial intelligence techniques, namely, artificial neural network (ANN), support vector regression (SVR), random forest (RF), and gradient tree boosting (GTB) in forecasting crime rate. Forecasting capability of each technique was assessed in terms of measurement of errors. From the result obtained, GTB showed the highest performance capability where it scored the lowest measurement of errors compared to SVR, RF, and ANN.
Access into professional degrees by students with disabilities in South African higher learning: A decolonial perspective
Authors: Ndlovu Sibonokuhle
Published: June 2019

Background: Former historically disadvantaged social groups such as women, black people and those with disabilities are expected to participate in the skilled labour force that South Africa has pledged to produce for the 21st century. However, in the South African context, research widely neglects access of those into professional degrees in higher learning. There is a need for such an exploration because people with disabilities have been found to be excluded from professional employment.Objectives: Using decolonial theory, this empirical study sought to explore obstacles confronted by students with disabilities at entry in a specific institution of higher learning in South Africa. The aim was to unveil the invisible obstacles and their causes for an effective intervention.Method: A qualitative research design was adopted and in-depth interviews were conducted to collect data from the participants. This particular dimension of research method was chosen to enable dialogue and development of partnership, which is important for collecting rich data.Results: While policies of inclusion still enabled access of all students into professional degrees, there were however inequitable practices, alienation and inequality that excluded students with disabilities at entry. Obstacles seen at surface level were not the real ones; the real ones were the deep-seated issues of coloniality.Conclusion: If the underlying causes of obstacles at entry are not visible to students with disabilities themselves and the responsible stakeholders, students might continue to be oppressed on entry into the professional degrees and in higher learning generally. Obstacles can only be dismantled when there is an awareness about their deep-seated causes.
Clinical Education: A university of Durban-Westville case study
Authors: Nadasan T. , Puckree T.
Published: June 2019

Clinical education has been recognised as an important component of the undergraduate physiotherapy programme. As such it has received considerable attention in the literature. However the aspect of offering this component effectively to large numbers of students has not been addressed. The purpose of this retrospective study was to analyse and compare both quantitatively and qualitatively the effects of one highly structured and three semistructured models of clinical education using a 12 to 1 student: clinical instructor ratio. The study population consisted of the 1999 third year class of 39 students who were clinically supervised by four lecturers. The students’ block marks as well as their subjective impressions were analysed and summarized respectively. The results show that there were no significant differences between structured and semi-structured models. In addition a 12:1 student: clinical instructor ratio can produce good clinical education outcomes.
Percepção de diferenças intergrupais e infra-humanização
Authors: Fernandes Sheyla Christine Santos , Pereira Marcos Emanoel
Published: June 2019

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a atribuição diferenciada de emoções e traços a três alvos (Brasileiros, brancos e negros) e a partir dos achados discutir alguns aspectos teóricos e metodológicos da infra-humanização dos grupos sociais. Participaram do estudo 164 estudantes universitários de Maceió, Alagoas, com idades entre 18 e 41 anos (Média = 20,64; DP = 3,88). Os estudantes responderam às escalas de atribuição diferenciada de emoções (PALADINO ET AL., 2000) e de traços (MOSCOVICI & PEREZ, 1999). Os principais resultados endossam parcialmente a infra-humanização dos negros e o favorecimento endogrupal ou do grupo majoritário. As peculiares da infra-humanização no contexto desta pesquisa são discutidas através do papel das normas sociais no estudo de atitudes antinormativas.
O que é a prisão para você? Significados da prisão para presos e agentes
Authors: Albuquerque Nathalie Guerra Castro , Cavalcante Sylvia , Ferreira Karla Patrícia Martins
Published: June 2019

Trata-se de um estudo de caso numa penitenciária do Ceará. A técnica usada foi inspirada pela pesquisa etnográfica e consistiu em abordagens a pessoas por meio de uma única pergunta: “O que é a prisão para você? ”. A coleta ocorreu em novembro de 2017 e participaram do estudo 16 internos e 15 agentes penitenciários. As respostas passaram por análise de conteúdo, que permitiu identificar classes de respostas de internos, que percebem a prisão como castigo, aprendizado e resposta da sociedade; e de agentes, que percebem a prisão como uma resposta à sociedade, como reclusão e como paradoxo. Pelas contribuições da Psicologia Ambiental, conclui-se que o ambiente age sobre a mente das pessoas e atividades laborais permitem um afastamento simbólico do estado de aprisionamento, ajudando a dar significado positivo às penas.
Effect of ZrB2 Particle Size on Pressureless Sintering of ZrB2 - ß-Sic Composites
Authors: Rocha Rosa Maria da , Sene Frank Ferrer , Juliani Mariah de Oliveira , Davi Caroline Oliveira
Published: June 2019

Zirconium diboride is an ultra high temperature ceramic material that leads this emerging class of materials because of its distinct combination of properties, including high melting temperature (> 3000 °C) and the lowest theoretical density (6.09 g·cm-3) among the borides. This combination of properties makes ZrB2 candidate for airframe leading edges on sharp-bodied reentry vehicles. In this work, the effect of particle size of ZrB2 on the pressureless sintering of ZrB2-SiC composites was studied, using ZrB2 powder with average particle size of 2.6 and 14.2µm. Four different vol% concentration of ß-SiC (0, 10, 20 and 30 vol%) were added to as-received and planetary milled ZrB2 powder. Samples were pressureless sintered at 2050 °C/1h in argon atmosphere. The reduction of initial ZrB2 particle size led to composites with better results of densification, mechanical properties and oxidation resistance regardless ß-SiC addition, showing relative densities around 92.5 %Theoretical Density (Td) and flexural strength and microhardness around 260 MPa and 17.5 GPa, respectively. Composites processed with as-received ZrB2 powder showed increasing in densification and flexural strength with the SiC content increasing. Relative density varied from 74.7 to 90.8 %TD and flexural strength from 102 to 241 MPa, for 0 and 30 vol% of SiC, respectively.
Link between prostate cancer diagnosis and stroke in the United States during 2007–2017
Authors: Rethemiotaki Irene , Rethemiotakis Andrew
Published: June 2019

Introduction

The main purpose of this work is to study prostate cancer and stroke in the United States during the years 2007–2017 and to find not only statistically significant predictors for cancer, but also a possible association between prostate cancer and stroke.

Material and methods

The statistical methods used to derive the results of this work are χ2 test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), in order to check the statistical significance of prostate cancer in relation to socio-economic factors of patients. In addition, a multivariate logistic regression analysis was used with the odds ratio (OR) to find statistically significant prognostic factors for both prostate cancer and stroke.

Results

According to multiple logistic regression analysis, males who are unemployed but have worked previously have 16 times higher risk of developing prostate cancer, while widowed men have five times higher risk for the occurrence of this type of cancer. In addition, marital status and employment proved to be also prognostic risk factors for stroke.

Conclusions

Our results describe for the first time the importance of deprivation (of work and partner) as a primary prognostic risk factor for cancer. Moreover, the same factor proved to be the primary prognostic risk factor for stroke as well as for prostate cancer, a fact that implies a possible link between cancer and stroke.
The prevalence of waterpipe tobacco smoking among
Polish youths
Authors: Zielińska-Danch Wioleta
Published: June 2019

Introduction

Waterpipe smoking is gaining popularity among the youth in Poland and is evaluated for the first time in this work. The authors address the social and demographic factors that motivate young people to smoke and attempt to determine which of them contribute to habit formation.

Material and methods

The data were collected among school and university students in Poland during a global survey on various forms of tobacco use. Multivariable regression models were applied for odds-ratio evaluation. The data concern waterpipe and cigarette smoking habits.

Results

The survey was completed by 19,097 respondents. The survey included 144 schools and 32 universities from 16 voivodeships in Poland. Respondent gender exhibited the highest ORs (95% Cl), both in the case of current and ever WP users: 2.11 (2.10–2.12) and 2.16 (2.15–2.17), respectively. The other important factor was a place of living: 1.83 (1.82–1.84) and 2.17 (2.16–2.18), respectively. All ORs were statistically significant for p = 0.05.

Conclusions

The prevalence of tobacco smoking among Polish youths is high. Waterpipe tobacco smoking was found to be the second most popular habit after cigarette smoking. Moreover, young smokers use other non-tobacco products in waterpipes, and drink alcohol during smoking sessions. Many young people try waterpipe smoking without previous experience with cigarettes.