bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Incentivos fiscais como instrumento de política ambiental: uma análise do IPTU Verde de municípios mineiros
Authors: Ortiz Ana Carolina Tomaz Duarte Tobaruela , Brandão Leidielen Peres , Rabelo Jordana Stein , Gama Lucilene Umbelino , Malvestio Anne Caroline
Published: April 2022

Resumo O IPTU Verde constitui uma política urbana que visa estimular o desenvolvimento de ações ambientalmente sustentáveis. Com o intuito de conhecer a aplicação desse instrumento, neste trabalho analisaram-se as legislações sobre o IPTU Verde dos municípios de Minas Gerais com mais de 500 mil habitantes: Belo Horizonte, Uberlândia, Contagem e Juiz de Fora. A partir da análise dessas legislações quanto aos objetivos, critérios e benefícios, observou-se que Belo Horizonte é o único município com IPTU Verde cujo objetivo é voltado somente à conservação da biota nativa. No que tange às exigências e forma de avaliação, foram encontradas semelhanças nas leis de Belo Horizonte e Uberlândia para a proteção da flora nativa, e nas leis de Juiz de Fora e Contagem para a adoção de ações e práticas sustentáveis. Nas legislações analisadas, o benefício ocorre mediante isenção e/ou desconto no IPTU, com descontos maiores direcionados a uma proteção mais intensa da flora. Embora Belo Horizonte seja mais populoso que Uberlândia, possui menor quantidade de beneficiários, o que pode estar associado aos critérios estabelecidos em sua lei. Ademais, notou-se que os objetivos, critérios e benefícios do IPTU Verde variam conforme os interesses dos municípios, e inexistem diretrizes para a elaboração dessa política pública.
Flora of the Reserva Ducke, Amazonas, Brazil: Simaroubaceae
Authors: Devecchi Marcelo Fernando , Thomas William Wayt , Pirani José Rubens
Published: April 2022

Abstract The present study aims to improve the knowledge of Simaroubaceae in the Reserva Ducke, Manaus, Amazonas. It is based on morphological analysis of herbaria collections and field expeditions. The family is represented in that area by six species belonging to four genera: Homalolepis (1 sp.), Picrolemma (1 sp.), Simaba (3 spp., including a new one described herein), and Simarouba (1 sp.). Identification keys, morphological descriptions, illustrations, and taxonomic comments are provided for each species.
The relationship between orthodontic treatment and temporomandibular disorders: A dental specialists’ perspective
Authors: AL-GROOSH Dheaa H. , ABID Mushriq , SALEH Ahmed Kassem
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction: The relationship between temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) and orthodontic treatment/malocclusion has changed from a cause-and-effect association to an idea without sufficient evidence. Objective: This survey was designed to assess the beliefs of different disciplines - orthodontists, oral surgeons, and oral medicine specialists - on the relationship between TMDs and orthodontic treatment, with regard to treatment, prevention and etiology of TMDs. Method: A survey in the form of questionnaire was designed and distributed to 180 orthodontists, 193 oral surgeons and 125 oral medicine specialists actively involved in treating TMDs. The questionnaire aimed to collect basic information about each participant and their beliefs, and clinical management of patients with TMDs. Results: Halve of the responding orthodontists and most of the oral surgeons (69.9%) were male participants, whereas the majority of oral medicine specialists (83.3%) were female respondents. The participants’ age ranged from 29 to 58 years. The majority of orthodontists believes that there is no relationship between orthodontic treatment and TMDs, and that orthodontic treatment does not provoke TMDs or prevent the onset of the disorder. However, oral surgeons and oral medicine specialists have different and conflicting opinions. Most surgeons tended to treat those patients, while most of the other two disciplines tended to seek an interdisciplinary approach. Chi-square test was done to find an association between the referral status and specialists’ experience, and to compare between the different disciplines’ belief. Conclusions: Orthodontist’s beliefs were in accordance with the scientific evidence, whereas most oral surgeons and oral medicine specialist believed that orthodontic treatment may provoke TMDs. Therefore, continuing program series development is important to embrace the concept of the multidisciplinary team approach and improve the health care and quality of life for those patients.
Color stability of resin composites for orthodontic attachments: an in vitro study
Authors: CHAMI Vitória de Oliveira , GEBERT Fabiane , ASSAF Débora do Canto , CENTENO Anna Carolina Teixeira , FERRAZZO Vilmar Antônio , DURAND Leticia Brandão , MARQUEZAN Mariana
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the color stability of Filtek Z350 XT, Filtek Z250 XT, Z100 resin composites and Transbond XT orthodontic resin, all used in orthodontic attachments, when immersed in popular beverages. Methods: Thirty disk-shaped specimens of each resin composite (2 x 5mm) were manufactured and randomly divided into six groups according to immersion solutions: coffee, red wine, white wine, regular beer, dark beer and deionized water (control). The specimens were fully immersed in each of the solutions for six days at 37°C, representing approximately six months of consumption. The color measurements were evaluated by a reflection spectrophotometer, at baseline (before immersion) and after staining. L*a*b* coordinates were measured and the color change (ΔE00) was calculated using the CIEDE2000 formula. The data were analyzed by ANOVA/Tukey tests at a significance level of 0.05. Results: The resin composites immersed in white wine and regular beer showed either imperceptible or clinically acceptable ΔE00, and no difference from the control group (p= 0.4449 and p= 0.467 respectively). Immersion in coffee and red wine were considered clinically unacceptable and were significantly different from the control group (p= 0.0028 and p= 0.0475 respectively). Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, the consumption of coffee and red wine may cause color change of the resin composite attachments above the visual acceptability threshold, and impair aesthetics during treatment.
Uma análise do padrão de julgamento do Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) sobre ações diretas de inconstitucionalidade entre 2010 e 2019
Authors: Paz Anderson Barbosa , Fittipaldi Italo
Published: April 2022

Resumo O presente artigo tem o seguinte problema: qual foi o padrão de julgamento sobre decisões políticas adotado pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) em sede de Ações Diretas de Inconstitucionalidade (ADIs) entre os anos de 2010 e 2019? As ADIs são adotadas como variável de análise por possibilitarem a retirada do ordenamento jurídico de decisões democráticas e por comporem a maioria das ações de controle concentrado de constitucionalidade no período considerado. Primeiro, faz-se uma revisão bibliográfica referente ao padrão de julgamento sobre decisões políticas pelo STF. Em seguida, adotam-se instrumentos de estatística descritiva para compreender o fenômeno no Brasil. Busca-se retomar o estudo da forma como o julgamento sobre decisões políticas pela Suprema Corte em ADIs ocorreu na última década. Para tanto, replica-se o modelo de estudo dos autores Pogrebinschi (2011), Vianna et al. (1999) e Vianna, Burgos e Salles (2007), em um recorte temporal entre os anos de 2010 e 2019, para entender se, após uma década dos estudos dos referidos autores, houve mudança no padrão de julgamento do STF em sede de ADIs. Conclui-se que, apesar de o STF ter atuado de forma comedida, os ministros não foram comedidos.
Os policiais das UPPs e a crise permanente da segurança pública no Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Vilarouca Márcio Grijó , Ribeiro Ludmila , Menezes Palloma
Published: April 2022

Resumo A política de segurança pública no Rio de Janeiro tende a ser representada pela alegoria do pêndulo, que se inclinaria predominantemente para a lógica do confronto, mas também, em curtos interregnos, para a lógica da aproximação. Embora as esporádicas tentativas de reversão da lógica repressiva produzam mudanças conjunturais significativas, verificamos, através de entrevistas com policiais das UPPs, que o ethos militarizado permanecia estruturando o discurso e orientando a prática cotidiana - produzindo uma condição de “crise permanente”. Procuramos, então, identificar quais fatores e percepções impactavam (negativamente) nos diversos graus de adesão e ressonância dos policiais aos princípios do “policiamento de proximidade”.
The effects of different body positions on pulmonary function in healthy adults
Authors: Silveira Keller Guimarães , Matos Natália Alves de , Castro Thalles de Freitas , Souza Ana Beatriz Farias de , Bezerra Olivia Maria de Paula Alves , Bezerra Frank Silva
Published: April 2022

Abstract Introduction: Pulmonary function testing, or spirometry, is a validated, globally recognized test that contributes to the diagnosis, staging, and longitudinal follow-up of lung diseases. The exam is most often performed in a sitting position in clinical practice; hence, there are no predicted values for its performance in other positions, such as in different decubitus. Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of position on pulmonary function test results in healthy adults. Methods: Forty-two healthy adults of both sexes, divided into male (MG) and female groups (FG), were provided respiratory questionnaires. Subsequently, the pulmonary function test was conducted to evaluate the ventilatory parameters of forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), and FEV1/FVC ratio in the sitting (S), dorsal decubitus (DD), right lateral decubitus (RLD), and left lateral decubitus (LLD) positions. A comparison of the parametric data was performed via one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey post-hoc tests. Correlations between the S position variables along with the other positions were evaluated using the Pearson test. Results: The mean and standard error for the FVC values of the MG at positions DD (4.3 ± 0.7/L), RLD (4.1 ± 0.6/L) and LLD (4.1 ± 0.6/L) were lower when compared to S (5.05 ± 0.6 L). There was a strong positive correlation between the values of FVC, FEV1, and FEV1/FVC in the S position compared to other positions analyzed in both groups. Conclusion: Body positioning altered the parameters of the pulmonary function test in healthy adults.
Analysis of muscle activation in children and adolescents with severe cerebral palsy
Authors: Zardo Franciele , Paludo Tatiane , Mattos Brenda Tubelo Pereira de , Frata Bruna , Ling Chen Chai , Cechetti Fernanda
Published: April 2022

Abstract Introduction: Children and adolescents with spastic quadriparesis have a worse selective motor control, and studies with this population are still very scarce. The same is true with scientific evidence of one of the methods most used as a physiotherapeutic treatment in this population, the Bobath Concept. Objective: To evaluate spine erector muscles activation, gluteus medius and gluteus maximus, through the handling of the Bobath Concept and the sustained kneeling posture in subjects with a diagnosis of severe cerebral palsy; and to compare muscle activation with a reference group, in order to increase the reliability of this study. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 38 children and adolescents with cerebral palsy, classified by GMFCS at levels IV and V, and 20 healthy participants, aged between 3 and 18 years. They were submitted to the handling of the Bobath Concept and to the sustained kneeling posture, with muscle activation obtained by electromyography. Results: We observed significant muscle activation during handling in side-sitting, with weight transfer and without the help of another therapist, and in the sustained kneeling posture, for the erector of the spine and gluteus medius. Conclusion: The evidence from this study suggests that both the handling in side-sitting and the sustained kneeling posture cause significant muscle activation in the erector of the spine and gluteus medius for severe quadriparesis subjects, GMFCS IV and V, which can contribute to the improvement of postural control and decision-making in physical therapy practice.
Programas mediados pela tecnologia para promoção de literacia em saúde mental em adolescentes: revisão sistemática
Authors: Coelho Vera , Lamela Diogo
Published: April 2022

Resumo A promoção da literacia saúde mental em adolescentes tem recebido particular atenção na saúde pública, dado a adolescência ser vista como um período crítico para prevenção de problemas de saúde mental na idade adulta. Apesar da consistência empírica sobre a eficácia dos programas face a face de literacia da saúde mental para adolescentes, pouco se sabe sobre as características e o efeito de intervenções mediadas pela tecnologia para este objetivo. A presente revisão sistemática teve como finalidade sistematizar conhecimento empírico sobre os efeitos de programas mediados pela tecnologia de promoção da literacia em saúde mental em adolescentes. Procedeu-se a um levantamento sistemático da literatura até dezembro de 2019, tendo sido selecionados quatro estudos empíricos que avaliaram os efeitos deste tipo de programas em diferentes indicadores de saúde mental. Os resultados revelaram que os programas mediados pela tecnologia apresentaram efeitos positivos no aumento da literacia em saúde mental, sendo o sexo e a idade moderadores destas associações. No entanto, o seu efeito na redução do estigma e nos comportamentos de procura de ajuda profissional foi inconsistente. As limitações dos estudos incluídos na revisão são discutidas.
Políticas públicas e sociais frente à vulnerabilidade social no território da Cracolândia
Authors: Camargo Paola de Oliveira , Oliveira Michele Mandagará de , Raupp Luciane Marques , Pereira Gabriela Botelho , Ramos Camila Irigonhé
Published: April 2022

Resumo O presente estudo tem como objetivo discutir a operacionalização das políticas públicas e sociais frente à vulnerabilidade social no território da Cracolândia. Realizou-se uma etnografia a partir de observação participante com construção de diário de campo e entrevistas etnográficas. Foram entrevistadas pessoas que fazem uso de drogas nas cenas de uso e/ou que frequentam o Centro de Convivência É de Lei e os agentes redutores de danos dessa Organização Não Governamental (ONG). O estudo foi desenvolvido em 2018 na cidade de São Paulo. Para a análise dos dados, utilizou-se a Teoria Interpretativa. As políticas sociais voltadas para usuários de drogas devem considerar os determinantes sociais em saúde que são causadores de diversas desigualdades. Não é aceitável que as ações de saúde para pessoas em vulnerabilidade social não enfoquem questões de moradia, alimentação, escolaridade, trabalho e renda. Sendo assim, é necessário que as políticas públicas assumam e desempenhem seu caráter intersetorial e interdisciplinar, caso contrário, continuarão a ser arbitrárias e sem sucesso no cuidado de pessoas que precisam do auxílio e não da tutela e repreensão do Estado.
Grassholme Reservoir: northern embankment stabilisation works
Authors: Hutchinson India
Published: April 2022

Grassholme Reservoir is a large impounding reservoir commissioned in 1914 in the Lunedale Valley of County Durham. The most recent statutory inspection in 2016 resulted in a ‘Measures in the Interests of Safety’ (MIOS) recommendation to investigate and rectify a suspected unstable embankment slope between the reservoir and an adjacent watercourse. In November 2021, the stability works were completed to the satisfaction of the qualified civil engineer and the MIOS recommendation discharged. A total of around 20 000 m3 of selected clay fill was used to construct a reinforced earth slope with an interlocking concrete block wall at the toe. As a consequence of stabilising the northern embankment, the adjacent Carl Beck has been diverted through a buried pipe until realignment in spring 2022. The aim of this paper is to summarise and illustrate the various complexities associated with stabilising the northern embankment and realigning the existing watercourse, such as mitigating the loss of ancient woodland, managing complex ecological constraints and mitigating land access delays from the offset.
Analysis of visual inspection data for a sample of highway bridges in the UK
Authors: Bennetts John , Vardanega Paul J , Webb Graham T , Denton Steve R , Loudon Neil
Published: April 2022

The UK has a large stock of highway bridges that is ageing and deteriorating. This paper presents the results of a programme of work to understand the reliability of the visual inspection data that are used to inform the management of Highways England’s structures. This paper presents a data set comprising evidence collected during the presence of research team inspectors at the principal inspection and/or testing of 200 bridges randomly sampled from Highways England’s bridge network, coupled with asset-management data for Highways England’s entire bridge stock. Recommendations are made for future improvements in visual inspection practice and use of such data in future asset-management efforts.
Analytical solution for soil flushing using PVD system with rectangular pattern
Authors: Zhou X. , Wang H.-Y. , Ling D.-S. , Liu W. , Ke H.
Published: April 2022

Soil flushing using prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs) is an innovative subsurface remediation technology for contaminated fine-grained soils. An analytical solution is presented to investigate the performance of a PVD-enhanced system arranged in a rectangular pattern for soil remediation. The analytical solution is derived based on a simplified equivalent model in which PVDs are substituted by drain walls. The results of the analytical solution are shown to be roughly consistent with those obtained from the finite-element method. Using the proposed solution, the remediation efficiency for a rectangular layout is demonstrated to be higher than that for a parallel layout. Furthermore, the effects of distance between injection and extraction PVD, injection rate, distribution coefficient, and dispersivity are investigated. Results indicate that a square pattern is the optimal layout of PVDs compared to other rectangular patterns. Increasing the injection rate of individual PVDs is an effective way to improve the remediation efficiency. The increase of distribution coefficient of contaminant leads to a significant increase in the remediation time, and the increase of longitudinal and transverse dispersivity results in a more uniform spatial distribution of contaminant concentration during the flushing process.
Behaviour of loose sand treated using bio-gelation method
Authors: Wang Kangda , Chu Jian , Wu Shifan , He Jia
Published: April 2022

Bio-gelation is a new method for improving the hydraulic and mechanical properties of sandy soil through the production of polymeric gel to fill in the pores of the soil. In this paper, a study on the engineering behaviour of loose sand treated using this method is presented. A series of permeability and undrained monotonic and cyclic triaxial tests was carried out on both clean sand and bio-gelled sand. The test results showed that the coefficient of permeability was reduced by three to four orders of magnitude in the bio-gelled sand samples, and the higher the alginate concentration, the lower the permeability. In the monotonic triaxial tests, sand samples that would have liquefied under static conditions manifested strain-hardening behaviour after treatment. The shear strength of the bio-gelled sand also increased, as was indicated by an increase in the slope of the failure line from 1·08 to 1·27. In the cyclic triaxial tests, the number of cycles at failure increased from 183 for clean sand to 485 for bio-gelled sand, and the excess pore water pressure response was also much reduced. The hydrogel produced by the bio-gelation process was stable under both hydrostatic and seepage conditions. The other advantages of the bio-gelation method include: (a) the massive formation of hydrogel can be controlled to be 28 h later after injection; (b) the pH value of the soil fluid can be maintained at neutral; and (c) it is cost-effective for liquefaction or seepage control for sand compared with other conventional methods.
An asset management methodology for value-for-money reinstatement of pavement markings
Authors: Akaa Obinna , Douglas Damien , Arrowsmith David , Darnell Mike
Published: April 2022

The reinstatement of pavement markings after resurfacing will typically entail like-for-like re-marking of the resealed road sections. However, there are cases where sections in between planned reseal (infills) may be left untouched or are not required in the renewal contract irrespective of the service life and condition of the infill markings. This gives room for poor marking continuity and reduction of the markings service level. As the asset management of long-life high-performance markings includes a duty of care around cost-effectively realising value from planned maintenance, there is a need to consider infills when reinstating long-life markings on resurfaced road sections. This paper presents a method for determining infill sites for cost-effective renewal to forestall returning to the same road in the future, thereby managing customer delay and realising cost savings without compromising road safety. The method considers tactical assessment merits and life-cycle costs to demonstrate its suitability to solving the problem. Various marking reinstatement cases were investigated where the results showed method applicability and highlighted sensitivities to re-mark length and installation time. The method supports the asset owner/manager to plan pavement markings renewals at the tactical/section level and could benefit from further studies that consider more complex scenarios, extended variables and uncertainties.
Transport resilience to weather and climate: an interdisciplinary view from Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Ferranti Emma Jayne Sakamoto , Fontana Oberling Daniel , David Quinn Andrew
Published: April 2022

Weather causes damage and disruption to public transport, especially in developing megacities where transport demand is high, trip-lengths can be long, and poor socio-economic conditions exacerbate impacts. Here, an analytical framework overviews urban transport resilience to current weather and future climate in Rio de Janeiro. It describes how heavy rainfall and high temperatures impact on rail, metro and Bus Rapid Transit networks, and characterises the triggers, actors and linkages that combine to create barriers or pathways to transport resilience. There are three improvements to weather and climate resilience, namely, (a) the creation of Centre of Operations Rio (Centro de Operações Rio; COR) to co-ordinate daily operations and disaster response, (b) a series of innovations in operational integration enabled by co-locating services within COR and (c) infrastructure investment prior to the Olympic Games, which increased transport provision. The results highlight the need for integration and leadership across the private transport sector and demonstrate how resilience to current weather and future climate is intrinsically linked to sustainable urban mobility and should be considered in state and municipal planning strategies for housing, public services, and commercial and industrial development. Without adaptation, climate change will exacerbate existing systemic problems identified by the framework.
Analysis of methodological and technical support of procedures for assessing the security of significant objects of critical information infrastructure from unauthorized access
Authors:   Interregional Bank for Settlements of the Telecommunications and Postal Services, Moscow, Russian Federation, Pivkin Evgeniy N. , Ardaeva Anastasia A. ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation
Published: April 2022

This paper provides a direct analysis of existing methods for assessing the security of significant objects of critical information infrastructure, a review of their legislative framework and existing means of protecting information from unauthorized access. Such an analysis is necessary to solve problems related to the development of an integrated approach to assessing the security of significant objects of critical information infrastructure. The main guiding documents and orders of the FSTEC of Russia, Federal Law No. 187-FZ of July 26, 2017 "On the security of the CII of the Russian Federation" were considered. The modern market of means of protecting information from unauthorized access was analyzed. For convenience, all comparative criteria were divided into categories: general information; system requirements (minimum); supported automated workstations and servers based on well-known secure operating systems; the level of certification according to the safety requirements of the FSTEC of Russia; deployment of a protection system; component updates; the main functions of the means of protecting information from unauthorized access; clearing information; additional protection modules; centralized management and reporting; possibility of integration; licensing. The four most popular Russian groups of means of protecting information from unauthorized access were selected to participate in the comparison: Secret Net Studio; Dallas Lock 8.0-K; Diamond ACS; Blockhost Network 2.0. In order to identify methods for assessing the security of significant objects of critical information infrastructure, national standards of Russia and scientific periodicals were considered. It is shown that the methodological support of this segment of safety is not at the proper level.
Research of application of knowledge graphs to generate information security audit questions
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Lemyakin Artem V. , Arkhipova Anastasiya B. ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation
Published: April 2022

The article presents approaches to research on the use of knowledge graphs to generate information security audit issues. The significance of the human factor in the audit of information security as an element of socially significant activity is shown. As a solution to the formation of an objective research base, a method of automatically generating questions based on knowledge graphs capable of identifying a set of cartoons that are subject-object relations is proposed. Existing models and a set of dynamically generated metrics were analyzed. In particular, the subjective method of the five-point Makoto Nagao scale and the machine method of the automatic evaluation system based on the N-gram method. Advantages and disadvantages of research methods are analyzed, task setting for further research is presented.
An integrated approach to assessing the security of significant objects of critical information infrastructure from unauthorized access
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Belov Viktor M. , Pivkin Evgeniy N. ,   Interregional Bank for Settlements of the Telecommunications and Postal Services, Moscow, Russian Federation, Ardaeva Anastasia A. ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation
Published: April 2022

The number of cybersecurity events in the modern world has increased significantly, of which a significant number fall on objects of critical information infrastructure. This paper discusses the main requirements for models for assessing the security of significant objects of critical information infrastructure from unauthorized access, classification of ambiguous source information, a generalized algorithm for assessing the level of security of significant objects of critical information infrastructure from unauthorized access, a fuzzy model for assessing the level of security using point and linguistic scales. It also determines the procedure for assessing the security of significant objects of critical information infrastructure from unauthorized access. Among the main requirements for models for assessing the security of significant objects of critical information infrastructure from unauthorized access are the following: versatility, extensibility, formalizability, simplicity, multifactoriality. The generalized algorithm for assessing the level of security of significant objects of critical information infrastructure from unauthorized access includes four computational blocks: in block 1, the collection and primary processing of information is carried out; in block 2, calculations using fuzzy evaluation algorithms with linguistic and point scales are used; in block 3, the effectiveness of information security employees is evaluated; in block 4, the levels of security of significant objects of critical information infrastructure from unauthorized access are predicted using fuzzy time series; in block 5, the estimates obtained at previous stages of calculations are examined using data processing techniques and draw appropriate conclusions for decision-making.
Исследование свойств однофазного асинхронного двигателя с учетом взаимного влияния электромагнитного и механического процессов
Authors: Коршунов А.И.
Published: April 2022

На математической модели однофазного асинхронного двигателя (IФАД) продемонстрирована возможность его «самозапуска» при питании от источника напряжения. Показано, что и при питании от источника тока самозапуск вызывает неустойчивость статических состояний равновесия IФАД. На математической модели экспериментально получена механическая характеристика однофазного асинхронного двигателя при допущении исчезающих малых пульсаций частоты вращения. У однофазного асинхронного двигателя установлено существование нескольких скоростей идеального холостого хода, из которых только часть соответствует устойчивому режиму работы.
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Authors: not provided naturesbestreviews
Published: April 2022

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Authors: Raji Hariam
Published: April 2022

In this protocol we describe the differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) into human midbrain-like organoids (hMLOs). This protocol has been developed based from several published protocols.
LRRK2 RCKW Protein Purification v1
Authors: Snead David , Matyszewski Mariusz
Published: April 2022

Protein purification protocol for tag-less LRRK2RCKW as done by Leschziner and Reck-Peterson Labs. Same protocol can be used to purify LRRK1RCKW as well. Original Protocol by David Snead. Modified by Yu Xuan Lin and Mariusz Matyszewski for publication.
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Published: April 2022

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Deprem Eğitimi: Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmen Adaylarının Depreme İlişkin Bilgi Düzeyleri
Authors: GEZER Melehat , ŞAHİN İbrahim Fevzi
Published: April 2022

Türkiye’de yapılan birçok deprem araştırması ülkede depremlerin gelecekte de gerçekleşeceğini öngörmektedir. Depremlerin oluşumunun önlenemeyeceği göz önüne alındığında bireylerin depremden korunma yöntemleri; deprem öncesinde, anında ve sonrasında yapılması gerekenler hakkında bilinçlendirilmesi depremin etkilerinin minimize edilebilmesi açısından hayati öneme sahiptir. Sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının depreme ilişkin bilgi düzeylerinin incelendiği bu çalışma nitel araştırma yönelimlidir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Türkiye’de bir devlet üniversitesinde sosyal bilgiler öğretmenliği anabilim dalında 3. ve 4. sınıfta öğrenim gören 79 öğretmen adayı oluşturmuştur. Çalışma verileri 13 maddelik bir anket formu aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Ulaşılan veriler betimsel analiz tekniğiyle çözümlenmiştir. Araştırmada; doğal afet yönetimi kapsamında bir eğitim ya da ders alan öğretmen adayı sayısının oldukça az olduğu; öğretmen adaylarının çoğunun örgün eğitim kapsamında en az bir kez tatbikat etkinliğine katıldığı ve depremi bilimsel olarak doğru tanımlayabildiği saptanmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra öğretmen adaylarının deprem çantası hazırlama konusunda hem davranışsal hem de bilişsel açıdan önemli eksikliklerinin bulunduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca öğretmen adaylarının deprem sırasında kapalı ve açık alanda yapılması gerekenler konusunda bilgi sahibi olduğu; buna karşılık enkaz altında iken yapılması gerekenler konusundaki bilgilerinin temel düzeyde kaldığı tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları doğal afet eğitimi dersi almamış olsalar da öğretmen adaylarının deprem anında yapılması gerekenler konusundaki bilgi düzeylerinin yüksek olduğunu göstermiştir.
Relationship between adverse childhood experiences and the physical and mental health in Mexican adults
Authors: Nevárez-Mendoza Blanca Patricia , Ochoa-Meza Gerardo
Published: April 2022

Introduction. Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are potentially traumatic events that people may experience during early life, including physical, psychological, and sexual abuse; neglect; and household dysfunction. Objective. To evaluate the frequency of ACEs and their relationship with the mental and physical health of Mexican adults. Method. 389 people between 18 and 65 years old were included in a cross-sectional study with an incidental sample and voluntary participation. Subjects responded to the ACEs questionnaire, the PHQ-9, the GAD-7, and the PHQ-15. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between ACEs and adult health conditions. Results. 75% reported at least one type of adversity, and 31.4% reported three or more. Reporting three or more ACEs was associated with an increased odds ratio for depression (OR = 5.04, 95% CI [2.38, 10.68]), anxiety (OR = 3.33, 95% CI [1.09, 6.99]), psychosomatic severity (OR = 4.58, 95% CI [2.53, 8.29]), obesity (OR = 2.08, 95% CI [1.21, 3.59]), and limitations due to physical or emotional discomfort (OR = 5.90, 95% CI [2.88, 12.09]). Higher anxiety was associated with sexual abuse (OR = 2.12 95% CI [.92, 4.85]) and witnessing violence (OR = 5.09, 95% CI [1.04, 24.77]). The probability of psychosomatic severity was higher if reported sexual abuse increased (OR = 1.94 95% CI [.06, 3.54]) and emotional neglect (OR = 1.84, 95% CI [1.02, 3.32]). Discussion and conclusion. ACEs are associated to mental health difficulties and psychosomatic symptoms. The relationship between different types of adversity and health is confirmed.
Dual-polarization arrays of wide-band printed radiating patches for operation in X and Ku-bands
Authors:   Sevastopol State University, Golovin Vladislav V. , Tyschuk Yury N. ,   Sevastopol State University, Afonin Igor L. ,   Sevastopol State University, Polyakov Alexander L. ,   Sevastopol State University, Slyozkin Gennady V. ,   Sevastopol State University
Published: April 2022

Based on the developed dual-polarization module in the form of a four-element array of printed patches, solutions for two antenna systems of X and Ku bands are implemented. The parabolic reflector antenna for Ku-band satellite communication systems with the feeder in the form of the four-element array of printed patches with switchable linear polarization is investigated. The feeder forms axisymmetric radiation with high-quality linear polarization in the wide frequency band. The reflector antenna with the aperture diameter of 1.2 m in the Ku range is characterized by a gain of 39-41 dBi. The antenna array for the X-band radar made on the basis of modules of printed patches four-element arrays with switchable linear polarization is investigated. The antenna array is characterized by scanning sectors of 70° and 65° in orthogonal planes. The presented parabolic antenna and antenna array are intended for use as part of radio-electronic complexes installed on moving objects.
Information Technologies Based on Noise-like Signals: I. Discrete Chaotic Algorithms
Authors:   Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Ageykin Nikita A. , Grachev Vladimir I. ,   Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Ryabenkov Viktor I. ,   Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Kolesov Vladimir V. ,   Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS
Published: April 2022

Perspective directions of using information technologies based on dynamic chaos for the transmission, processing, storage and protection of information are considered. On the basis of nonlinear systems with chaotic dynamics, finite-dimensional generating mathematical algorithms have been developed for the synthesis of chaotic encoding signals with increased structural complexity. The analysis of structural and fractal complexity of pseudo-random integer and binary sequences has been carried out. It is shown that complex coding signals of this type have a high information capacity and, in terms of statistical, correlation, and fractal properties, practically coincide with the parameters of random sequences and can be effectively used in various multi-user radio engineering systems where high noise immunity, protection against unauthorized access, and cryptographic strength are required.
Modeling of communication channels with multipath propagation of signals by noise-immunity coding procedures in the frameworks of LTE standard
Authors:   Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Tashatov Nurlan N. , Seksembayeva Manara A. ,   Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Ovechkin Gennady V. ,   Utkin Ryazan State Radio Engineering University, Seitkulov Yerzhan N. ,   Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: April 2022

A scheme of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing technologies with a cyclic prefix was used, using the fast Fourier transform algorithm and amplifiers on the transmitter side and a normalizer on the receiver side. By adjusting the gains of the transmitting and receiving sides, the circuit practically makes it possible to reduce situations when inter-symbol interference (ISI) is affected to situations where it does not exist. The proposed model is modeled using Simulink based on MATLAB. The scheme was investigated for the bit error rate (BER) using the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel and the multipath Rice fading channel operating under the influence of ISI and different parameters for the channel were investigated, where cases of signal delay similar to the EPA standards (Extended Pedestrian A model) were considered. Data transmission in the system includes a Relay channel and AWGN with different values of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR, dB) and different values of Gain, dbGain amplifier. Result: A graph of data transmission performance in a multipath channel with fading with respect to BER and SNR (BER ≈ 0 with values of SNR –21dB) was obtained. The effect of intersymbol interference on the receiver side is also considered by analyzing eye diagrams. The research data can be used in the design of radio engineering devices for data transmission over a wireless network.
The improved algorithm for human body internal temperature calculating by multi-frequency radiothermography method
Authors:   Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Fryazino Branch, Novichikhin Evgeny P. , Gudkov Alexander G. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Sidorov Igor A. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Chizhikov Sergey V. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Leushin Vitaly Yu. ,   Scientific and Production Company “HIPERION”, Agasieva Svetlana V. ,   RUDN University
Published: April 2022

An improved algorithm for calculating the temperature and depth of a cancerous tumor in the depth of the human body by the method of multi-frequency multi-channel radiothermography is considered. An improved model is presented to describe the processes of receiving the human body's own radiothermal field by a multi-channel multi-frequency radiothermograph. The possibility of simultaneous calculation of temperature, the depth of the location under the skin and the size of the tumor is analyzed. The conditions for determining these values depending on the parameters of the tumor and the radiothermograph are investigated. The maximum possible depth of tumor detection is determined depending on the parameters of the radiothermograph and the thermal contrast in the source. The necessity of increasing the number of frequency ranges of the radiothermograph is justified. The results of calculating brightness temperatures at different depths of occurrence and tumor temperature are presented in the framework of an improved model.
Thermal Waves and Flow Features of Pulsed Thermally Stimulated Biochemical Reactions in Viral Particles Interaction with Cells
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kornilova Alla A. , Gaydamaka Sergey N. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Gladchenko Marina A. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Agasarov Dmitry Ya. ,   AVSystems Inc., Kornilov Igor V. ,   AVSystems Inc., Gerasimov Maxim A. ,   AVSystems Inc.
Published: April 2022

This review considers the features of excitation, propagation over a long distance, and the action of non-dissipative high-frequency temperature waves in relation to their influence on the efficiency of the system for remote recognition of critical cells by viruses. It is shown that the action of such waves leads to screening of critical cells due to a change in their surface atomic and molecular structure, which leads to a significant change in the dispersion and other electromagnetic characteristics of these cells. This leads to a very strong weakening of the efficiency of the system of remote recognition of such cells by viruses, which corresponds to the effective "passive" self-defense of the body and blocking the activity of viruses. It is also shown that the effect of such temperature waves can be an "active" method of self-defense of the body, which reconfigures the virus recognition system to extraneous (non-critical) cells or other macrocomplexes. In this case, the result of the attack by the virus will be the mutual destruction of the "false target" and the virus due to the natural apoptosis of this non-critical object when the virus penetrates it.
In Memory of Vsevolod M. Byakov
Authors:   Alikhanov Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Stepanov Serge V.
Published: April 2022

Information is presented about the deceased Vsevolod Mikhailovich Byakov - Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor, Leading Researcher, Advisor to the Director for Research at the Alikhanov Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics (NRC "Kurchatov Institute" Moscow), a prominent specialist in the field of radiation chemistry of condensed matter: basic biographical data, education at the Faculty of Physics of Lomonosov Moscow State University, work at the Alikhanov ITEP (Moscow), Ph.D. and doctoral dissertations (Physical and Mathematical Sciences), authorship of more than 300 scientific papers in scientific journals and three books, membership in scientific councils, participation and organization of Russian and international conferences and seminars, editing in scientific journals, management doctoral and candidate dissertations.
Тезаурусный анализ подходов к человеку в концепциях синергийной антропологии и интегральной духовности
Authors: Горелов Анатолий Алексеевич , Горелова Татьяна Анатольевна
Published: April 2022

Сравниваются тезаурусы современных холистических концепций человека, возникших на основе кардинально противоположных религиозных моделей, — синергийной антропологии как попытки расширения и осмысления духовной практики исихазма (С. С. Хоружий) и интегральной духовности на основе дзэн-буддизма (К. Уилбер). Анализируются возможности духовного пути человека через призму базовых принципов современного естествознания — глобального эволюционизма, иерархической системности и самоорганизации.
Тезаурус детства в социогуманитарных науках
Authors: Майорова-Щеглова Светлана Николаевна , Митрофанова Светлана Юрьевна
Published: April 2022

Тезаурус российского детства представлен в статье как постоянно меняющийся, активно наполняющийся новыми трендами. Приведена его характеристика через конструкты «фрагментарность» / «единство», «ядро» / «периферия», «традиция» / «парадоксальность». В качестве методологии исследования современного состояния тезауруса детства принимаются позиции Вал. А. Лукова об исходном конструирующем субъекте и тезаурусная гипотеза социализации А. И. Ковалевой.

Приводятся авторские аргументы о координирующей роли социологии детства в междисциплинарном синтезе различных наук о детстве. Исследование показало характеристики тезауруса детства, связанные со сложностью, динамичностью, перманентными изменениями социальной реальности и возникновением именно в детском сегменте новых явлений технологизации и гаджетизации жизни юных, дистанционного обучения и досуга, парадоксальности сосуществования одновременной глобализации и глокализации детства. Одним из выводов исследований детства является возможная интервенция тезауруса детства в тезаурус молодежи в связи с обнаруженными явлениями продления детства.
«Ненужные» знания высшей школы: к проблеме конструирования тезауруса студенческой молодежью
Authors: Селиверстова Нина Анатольевна
Published: April 2022

В статье рассматривается феномен «ненужных» знаний высшей школы в связи с конструированием тезауруса студенческой молодежью. Автор приходит к выводу, что определение «“ненужные” знания» — это: 1) проявление инструментализации отношения студенческой молодежи к знанию и высшему образованию; 2) отсутствие познавательного интереса к конкретному знанию, дисциплине, отрасли науки; 3) оправдание недостаточных способностей и / или базы знаний для освоения конкретной дисциплины.

Субъектность студенческой молодежи при конструировании тезауруса выражается в отказе осваивать «ненужные знания», имитации образовательных практик. Проблема «ненужных» знаний рассматривается в контексте процесса гуманитаризации высшего образования, а также формирования «твёрдых» (hard skills) и «мягких» (soft skills) навыков студентов.