bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A case of intersex occurrence in Steindachneridion parahybae (Steindachner, 1877) (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) under captivity condition: a cytogenetic and morphological study
Authors: Honji Renato M. ,   Universidade de São Paulo,  Brazil, Caneppele Danilo , Pandolfi Matias , Nostro Fabiana L. Lo , Moreira Renata G. ,   Companhia Energética de São Paulo,  Brazil,   Universidad de Buenos Aires,  Argentina
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT Little is known about reproductive biology of endangered Steindachneridion parahybae , a gonochoristic teleost species inhabiting the Paraíba do Sul River Basin, and herein is the first description of intersex in S. parahybae juvenile. The normal appearance of ovaries and testes in juvenile from the same lot of breeding were also described for comparison, even as cytogenetic analysis was performed in these juveniles. One specimen was a priori classified as female due to the macroscopic characteristic of ovaries, with small yellow oocytes, without fringes (a main characteristic of catfish male), and larger than testes; however the microscopic analysis revealed the presence of ovotestes, including the complete spermatogenesis. S. parahybae had diploid number, 2n = 56 chromosomes with no evidence of differentiated sex chromosomes or supernumerary chromosomes among them. These findings may be due to the result of exposure to endocrine disrupting compounds or may also be influenced by environmental conditions. The possibility of intersexes might also happen spontaneously and it cannot be ruled out. Therefore, the functional significance and reproductive consequences of this anomaly remain to be determined, suggesting that this species may be susceptible to endocrine disruption. These results contribute to gain expertise about reproductive biology of an endangered species in captivity.
Efeitos da prematuridade na aquisição da linguagem e na maturação auditiva: revisão sistemática
Authors: Rechia Inaê Costa , Oliveira Luciéle Dias , Crestani Anelise Henrich , Biaggio Eliara Pinto Vieira , Souza Ana Paula Ramos de
Published: December 2016

RESUMO Objetivo Verificar quais os prejuízos a prematuridade causa à linguagem e à audição. Estratégia de pesquisa Utilizou-se os descritores language/linguagem, hearing/audição, prematurity/prematuridade nas bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE, Biblioteca Cochrane e Scielo. Critérios de seleção Ensaios randomizados controlados, estudos de intervenção não randomizados e estudos descritivos (transversais, de coorte, projetos de caso-controle). Análise dos dados Os artigos foram avaliados independentemente por dois autores, conforme os critérios de seleção. Foram selecionados 26 estudos, sete publicados no Brasil e 19 na literatura internacional. Resultados Dezenove estudos fizeram comparação entre nascidos a termo e prematuros. Dois dos estudos fizeram comparações entre prematuros pequenos para idade gestacional e adequados para idade gestacional. Em quatro estudos a amostra era composta de crianças com prematuridade extrema, os demais trabalhos foram realizados em crianças com prematuridade acentuada e moderada. Nestes estudos, foram utilizados, para análise da audição, as Emissões Otoacústicas, o Potencial Evocado de Tronco Encefálico, a timpanometria, o Potencial Evocado Auditivo de Estado Estável e audiometria de reforço visual. Para avaliação de linguagem, a maioria dos artigos utilizou a Escala Bayley de Desenvolvimento Infantil. Observou-se na maioria dos estudos revisados a prematuridade relacionando-se direta ou indiretamente à aquisição de habilidades auditivas e de linguagem nos primeiros anos de vida. Conclusão Dessa forma, pôde-se constatar que a prematuridade bem como os aspectos relacionados a ela (idade gestacional, baixo peso e intercorrências ao nascer) influenciam a maturação da via auditiva central podendo causar efeitos negativos na aquisição da linguagem.
PROFESSORES DO PISA: A ESPERANÇA E A REALIZAÇÃO DA EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Pettersson Daniel , Molstad Christina E.
Published: December 2016

RESUMO: As atividades do Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) e os seus efeitos são diversos, sendo possível dizer que o PISA cria e forma uma fundamentação específica (HACKING, 1992) para discutir, falar e pensar sobre a educação. Neste estudo sobre as atividades do PISA, são analisadas as ideias sobre os professores, as atividades que realizam, e como estas são conceitualizadas no interior de uma narrativa própria ao PISA. Os resultados mostram que os professores são apresentados como sendo importantes e cruciais para a transformação e para o desenvolvimento da educação. Os professores também são representados como sendo essenciais para reduzir as "disparidades no desempenho" dos alunos medidas pelo teste PISA. Ademais, os "bons" professores e o ensino "eficaz" são descritos como os professores e as estratégias que conduzem a tal redução. Consequentemente, os principais relatórios do PISA enfatizam uma imagem dos professores como os atores que desenvolvem a educação e o ensino, e não como executantes de políticas determinadas pelo Estado. Deste modo, os professores são considerados como indicadores da eficácia dos sistemas de educação e importantes para elevar os padrões de desempenho, sendo assim considerados como a esperança e a realização da educação.
PISA: FUNDAMENTAÇÕES PARA PARTICIPAR E ACOLHIMENTO POLÍTICO
Authors: Lingard Bob
Published: December 2016

RESUMO: Levando em consideração o trabalho da Organização para a Cooperação e o Desenvolvimento Econômico (OCDE) na educação e o lugar transformador que o Programa Internacional de Avaliação de Alunos (Pisa) ocupa nela, o presente artigo analisa a fundamentação da OCDE para o PISA. Para tal, abordam-se as estratégias de comunicação, a educação da OCDE e as habilidades que a Diretoria utiliza para administrar a mensagem do PISA. O documento também descreve as várias fundamentações que as nações empregam para participar no PISA. Os usos que são feitos do PISA no contexto nacional envolvem mais frequentemente a externalização do que a aprendizagem política, sendo os resultados comparativos do PISA aplicados para legitimar reformas políticas geralmente desconectadas das políticas de países com melhor desempenho no teste. O artigo apresenta três casos de tal externalização, levando-se em conta as respostas dadas nos Estados Unidos, na Inglaterra e na Austrália ao excelente desempenho de Xangai, China, na prova do PISA de 2009.
Octopus insularis (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae) on the tropical coast of Brazil: where it lives and what it eats
Authors: Batista Allan Torrecilla , Leite Tatiana Silva
Published: December 2016

Abstract Octopus insularis is the dominant octopus in the shallow tropical waters of the coast and oceanic islands in the North and Northeast of Brazil. Is the abundance, distribution, habitat and diet of this species on the continent the same as in oceanic islands? These factors were evaluated in seeking these answers at two areas of occurrence of Octopus insularis on the coast of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Three main types of habitats were described where the species is concentrated, being: Deep Reefs (Reefs of Risca) (> 15 m), Flat Biogenic Plateaus (Restingas) (5-15 m) and Shallow Sedimentary Reefs (Pirangi reefs) (< 5 m). An aggregate spatial distribution was verified, along with bathymetric segregation in which small individuals occupied shallow areas. Regarding diet, O. insularis consumed mainly crustaceans (68%) in shallow reef areas, bivalves (86%) in biogenic plateau areas, and gastropods (33%) in deep reef areas. The characterization of new occurring habitats, such as the area of biogenic plateau, and changes in their diet due to habitat function have shown that O. insularis occupies a broader niche than has been described in literature to date, expanding our knowledge on the ecology and biology of this octopus species of economic interest.
THORACIC DISC HERNIATION: CASE SERIES AND PROTOCOL FOR SURGICAL APPROACHES
Authors: IUNES EDUARDO AUGUSTO , ONISHI FRANZ JOOJI , BENITES VINICIUS DE MELDAU , YUNES RODRIGO MIZIARA , ELIAS ALEXANDRE JOSÉ REIS , CAVALHEIRO SÉRGIO
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT Objective To describe the surgical results of a prospective series of five patients operated according to an approach indication protocol. Methods: Patients were classified according to surgical risk: Group A (high risk) or B (low risk) and subsequently into subgroups according to characteristics of the herniation and ultimately the surgical approach was defined: A.1) calcified central herniations - thoracoscopy; A.2) soft lateral herniations - posterolateral approach; A.3) centrolateral herniations - partial calcification in lateral position - posterolateral approach; higher density central calcification - thoracoscopy; B.1) central or centrolateral calcified herniations - thoracotomy or thoracoscopy; B.2) soft lateral herniations - posterolateral approach. Results: The duration of symptoms ranged from 2 months to 3 years; the age bracket was from 37 to 58 years; sex distribution was 3 female and 2 male patients and the length of hospital stay ranged from 2 to 20 days. The most affected level was T11/12. A patient classified as Group A.3 underwent posterolateral approach. The remaining patients were Group B.1, 3 submitted to thoracotomy and 1 to thoracoscopy. The herniation removal was completed in 5 cases; 3 patients improved and 2 remained stable. The morbidity and the recovery time were higher in patients who underwent anterolateral approaches. Conclusions: Classify patients according to surgical risk and the anatomical characteristics of disc herniation allows for complete decompression, minimizing morbidity and mortality.
Revisiting the neuropsychiatry of Huntington's disease
Authors: Teixeira Antonio Lucio , Souza Leonardo Cruz de , Rocha Natalia Pessoa , Furr-Stimming Erin , Lauterbach Edward C.
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease classified under the choreas. Besides motor symptoms, HD is marked by cognitive and behavioral symptoms, impacting patients' functional capacity. The progression of cognitive impairment and neuropsychiatric symptoms occur in parallel with neurodegeneration. The nature of these symptoms is very dynamic, and the major clinical challenges include executive dysfunction, apathy, depression and irritability. Herein, we provide a focused updated review on the cognitive and psychiatric features of HD.
Corticobasal syndrome: A diagnostic conundrum
Authors: Parmera Jacy Bezerra , Rodriguez Roberta Diehl , Studart Neto Adalberto , Nitrini Ricardo , Brucki Sonia Maria Dozzi
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT Corticobasal syndrome (CBS) is an atypical parkinsonian syndrome of great interest to movement disorder specialists and behavioral neurologists. Although originally considered a primary motor disorder, it is now also recognized as a cognitive disorder, usually presenting cognitive deficits before the onset of motor symptoms. The term CBS denotes the clinical phenotype and is associated with a heterogeneous spectrum of pathologies. Given that disease-modifying agents are targeting the pathologic process, new diagnostic methods and biomarkers are being developed to predict the underlying pathology. The heterogeneity of this syndrome in terms of clinical, radiological, neuropsychological and pathological aspects poses the main challenge for evaluation.
Cognitive impairment in Spinocerebellar ataxia type 10
Authors: Moro Adriana , Teive Hélio Afonso Ghizoni
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT Background: Cognitive and psychiatric dysfunction has been described in several neurodegenerative diseases but has not been systematically evaluated in spinocerebellar ataxia type 10 (SCA10). Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the core cognitive features in a large cohort of Brazilian patients with SCA10, comparing the results against a healthy control group. Methods: Twenty-eight SCA10 and 28 healthy subjects were prospectively assessed regarding cognitive function and psychiatric disorders at the Movement Disorders Unit of the Federal University of Paraná between February 2012 and October 2014. Results: The SCA10 group had worse depression scores, as well as cognitive performance, when compared to healthy individuals. Conclusion: Our study showed mild cognitive and mood dysfunctions in patients with SCA10, consistent with the symptoms reported in the Cerebellar Cognitive Affective Syndrome described by Schmahmann JD in 1998. The description of these findings is an important clinical phenomenon that may guide physicians in specific disease management and improve quality of life of these patients.
Which factors are associated with global cognitive impairment in Wilson's disease?
Authors: Frota Norberto Anízio Ferreira , Barbosa Egberto Reis , Porto Claudia Sellitto , Lucato Leandro Tavares , Ono Carla Rachel , Buchpiguel Carlos Alberto , Machado Alexandre Aluizio Costa , Caramelli Paulo
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT Background: Patients with Wilson's disease (WD) present cognitive impairment, especially in executive functions. Which other factors might be associated with global cognitive decline in these patients remains unclear. Objective: To assess which factors are associated with worse performance on a global cognitive test in patients with WD. Methods: Twenty patients with WD underwent cognitive assessment with the following tests: the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Dementia Rating Scale (DRS), verbal fluency test, brief cognitive battery, clock drawing test, Frontal Assessment Battery, Stroop test, Wisconsin card sorting test, Hopper test, cubes (WAIS) and the Pfeffer questionnaire. MRI changes were quantified. Patients with poor performance on the DRS were compared to patients with normal performance. Results: Nine patients had a poor performance on the DRS. This group had lower educational level (9.11±3.58 × 12.82±3.06) and a greater number of changes on MRI (9.44±2.74 × 6.27±2.45). The presence of hyperintensity in the globus pallidus on MRI was more frequent in this group (66.6% vs 9.0%), with OR=5.38 (95% CI 0.85-33.86). Conclusion: Global cognitive impairment was prevalent in this sample of patients with WD and was associated with low educational level, number of changes on MRI and MRI hyperintensity in the globus pallidus.
Cerebellum and Cognition Henrietta Leiner's contribution. Historical note
Authors: Teive Hélio Afonso Ghizoni , Arruda Walter O.
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT The authors present the scientific contribution of Professor Henrietta C. Leiner, one of the pioneering scientists in the study of cognitive function of the cerebellum.
Bipolar disorder, a precursor of Parkinson's disease?
Authors: Novaretti Tânia M.S. , Novaretti Nathália , Tumas Vitor
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder predominantly resulting from dopamine depletion in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Some psychiatric disorders may have dopaminergic dysfunction as their substrate. We describe a well-documented case of Parkinson's disease associated with Bipolar Disorder. Although there is some knowledge about the association between these diseases, little is known about its pathophysiology and correlation. We believe that among various hypotheses, many neurotransmitters are linked to this pathophysiology.
PERCEPÇÃO DA QUALIDADE NO SERVIÇO DE TRANSPORTE PÚBLICO URBANO E DE SEUS IMPACTOS AMBIENTAIS NO DISTRITO FEDERAL - DF - BRASIL
Authors: Quipungo Policarpo Francisco , Braga Bruno Alexandre , Rodrigues Evaldo Cesar Cavalcante , Peña Carlos Rosano
Published: December 2016

Esta pesquisa analisou a qualidade no serviço de transporte público coletivo por ônibus e seus impactos ambientais no Distrito Federal, Brasil. Para isso foi realizado um survey com uma amostra constituída por 200 respondentes entre usuários e funcionários das empresas de ônibus. A análise e transformação dos dados qualitativos em quantitativos foram feitas a partir de uma metodologia de análise multicritério que tem uma abordagem construtivista (MCDA-C). O desempenho considerando a percepção global foi de -7 pontos e está na faixa entre o resultado péssimo e o indiferente. Esses achados indicam necessidades de melhorias no serviço de transporte público coletivo por ônibus no Distrito Federal.

Palavras chaves: Análise multicritério; Transporte público; Ônibus; Qualidade de serviço; Impactos ambientais.
ESTILOS DE ENSEÑANZA EN FUNCIÓN DEL GÉNERO EN MAESTROS DE EDUCACIÓN PRIMARIA
Authors: Martín Antón Luis Jorge , Valdivieso Burón Juan Antonio , Flores Lucas Mª del Valle , Reoyo Serrano Natalia , Freitas Resende Alvaci
Published: December 2016

Abstract.TEACHING STYLES ACCORDING TO THE GENDER IN PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERSThis research aims to analyze the differences in self-perceived competence dimensions of Primary School teachers in Spain according the gender. A sample of N=388 teachers in schools throught Spain of this educational level, answered the Likert self-rating scale ECAD -EP (Valdivieso, Carbonero & Martín-Anton, 2013) for the measurement of teaching style with three dimensions (a. Social and Emotional , b. Communicative and Relationship and c. Instructional). The process of data analysis focused on descriptive statistical calculations, and comparison of means (Mann-Whithey and Wilcoxon tests). The results showed that there were hardly any differences in self-perceptions of teaching variables, except in the social-emotional factor, which is higher in women. Thus we can say that in the teacher training process it is necessary to include emotional skills in order to equalize attitudes and skills in this subject.Key words: Teaching Styles, gender, self-perceived teaching competence, instructional variables, psychological-instructional profile, Primary Education, social and emotional skills.Resumen.Esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar las diferencias existentes en los estilos de enseñanza del profesorado de Educación Primaria en función del género. En una muestra de N=388 maestros en activo tomada de los centros educativos de toda España pertenecientes a la etapa de Primaria, se aplicó la escala de autovaloración tipo Likert ECAD-EP (Valdivieso, Carbonero y Martín-Antón, 2013) para la medición del estilo de enseñan za en tres dimensiones psicoinstruccionales (socioemocional, comunicativo-relacional e instruccional). Se hicieron cálculos estadísticos descriptivos y de comparación de medias (pruebas T y W), revelando los resultados obtenidos que apenas existen diferencias en las autopercepciones de dichas variables, salvo el factor socioemocional que es más alto en las docentes de género femenino. Se puede concluir afirmando que es necesaria una formación del profesorado en habilidades socioemocionales para equiponderar actitudes y aptitudes en esta dimensión.Palabras Clave: Estilos de Enseñanza, género, competencia docente autopercibida, variables instruccionales, perfil psicoinstruccional, Educación Primaria, habilidades socioemocionales.
IMPLICACIONES PARA LA FORMACIÓN DOCENTE: CREENCIAS DE EFICACIA DESDE EL PROFESORADO DE SECUNDARIA
Authors: Reoyo Serrano Natalia , Carbonero Martín Miguel Ángel , Martín Antón Luis Jorge , Román Sánchez José María , Flores Lucas Mª del Valle , Freitas Resende Alvaci
Published: December 2016

Abstract.Taking as starting point the current educational situation and the results of the PISA reports, which for years underline the high dropout rates and poor academic performance and motivation of our students, whenever you begin to place more emphasis on the importance of effective teaching. More and more is expected of the faculty, which requires that they have received appropriate training, a good intellectual preparation for their work and vocation recycling and continuous adaptation to new learning contexts. Specifically, this pilot study will try to offer an empirical analysis and reflection on the current profile of the effective teacher of Secondary Education, from the perspective of teachers themselves. Sample of teachers of Castilla y León both public schools and concluded.Key-words: Effective teachers, perceptions, characteristics, secondary education.Resumen.Tomando como punto de partida la situación educativa actual y los resultados de los informes PISA, que desde hace años remarcan el alto porcentaje de abandono escolar y el bajo rendimiento académico y motivación de nuestros alumnos, cada vez se comienza a hacer más hincapié en la importancia de una labor docente eficaz. Cada vez se espera más del profesorado, lo cual exige que estos posean una adecuada formación, una buena preparación intelectual, vocación por su trabajo y continúo reciclaje y adaptación a los nuevos contextos de aprendizaje. En concreto, con este estudio piloto trataremos de ofrecer un análisis y reflexión empírica sobre el perfil del actual profesor eficaz de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria, desde la perspectiva de los propios profesores. Muestra constituida por profesores de Castilla y León tanto de centros públicos como concertados.Palabras clave: profesor eficaz, autoeficacia docente, Educación Secundaria Obligatoria.
EL SONIDO DE LA INTELIGENCIA
Authors: Irimia Nores Andrea , Calviño Santos Guillermo , Pomar Tojo Carmen
Published: December 2016

Abstract.THE SOUND OF INTELLIGENCEThe QvO’s music workshop makes sense from the perspective of multiple and dynamic intelligence, defended by the Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences, in which is proposed a new style of education that seeks to experience new sensations that aims to provide students the opportunity to discover their potential in relation to some of the intelligences defined by Gardner. The music workshop aims to offer a response to the necesity of training multiple sociemocionals and cognitive capabilities through a different, flexible and creative mean like music. Our project provides data favorable to the idea that intelligence can be trained through a new, open and creative methodology, which can respond to the needs and characteristics presented by the students of high capacity.Key words: Enrichment, hight capacity, musical education, musical intelligence.Resumen.El taller de música del proyecto QvO tiene sentido desde la óptica de la inteligencia múltiple y dinámica, defendida entre otras por la teoría de las inteligencias múltiples de Gardner, en la que se propone un nuevo estilo de educación que busca experimentar nuevas sensaciones que brinden al alumnado la oportunidad de descubrir su potencial en relación a algunas de las inteligencias definidas por Gardner. El taller de música pretende dar salida a la necesidad de entrenamiento de múltiples capacidades cognitivas y sociemocionales a través de un medio diferente, flexible y creativo como es la música. Nuestro proyecto aporta datos favorables a la idea de que la inteligencia puede entrenarse a través de una metodología novedosa, abierta y creativa, que permita responder a las necesidades y características que presenta el alumnado de alta capacidad.Palabras claves: Enriquecimiento, alta capacidad, educación musical, inteligencia musical.
Mathematical Problems of Metabolic Pathway Organization from Biochemical Reactions
Authors: Минкевич И.Г. , Minkevich I.G.
Published: December 2016

The problem of metabolic pathway building from biochemical reactions is considered. For the given pair “main substrate – main product” it is necessary
to select the reactions performing this conversion and find all the attendant substrates and products. The approach is based on a system of
stoichiometric equations for reaction rates. The mathematical problems are as follows: 1) a number of right-hand sides are initially unknown, 2)
a part of the system with the known right-hand sides has less number of equations than variables, and 3) presence of irreversible reactions imposes
restrictions on signs of the corresponding rates in the form of inequalities. The method is described enabling to solve these problems. It is found
that many restrictions are represented as series of parallel hyperplanes in the space of variables. This fact makes it possible to eliminate many
restrictions and to find out a big number of fixed variables the values of which, thus, are found before the complete solving of the whole problem.
The search of unnecessary restrictions and fixed variables is of the form of specific iterations due to which the problem is substantially simplified.
Examples are given which display effectiveness of the approach described.
Politics, Law & Complexity: The Case of the Academic Policies in the European Union
Authors: Pitasi Andrea
Published: December 2016

The theoretical goal of this paper is the development of the connection between politics and law within the model of the complex system especially in the perspective of Niklas Luhmann, in a viewpoint linked with the economic analysis of law. The aim is to describe the differences that truly make the difference in the setting problem of policy or legal decisions more formalized by the subject with their values instead of in a system. Therefore, the vision of Joseph A. Schumpeter about the politics as a kind of market, a sub-kind market where votes are sold and bought it is very important and strategic as a bridge between the macro-systemic and the economic analysis of law becomes even more positive, artificial and global: the more is the scenario, the weaker is the function of the human subject in the decisional process, this also provides a report of the changes in the very idea of citizen in global scenarios, which is the Hypercitizenship.
Refugee Quota: is Estonia Ready to Receive Refugees? A Review of the Literature on Migration and Ethnic Minorities in Estonia
Authors: Islam Aminul
Published: December 2016

This study analyzes literature about migration and ethnic minorities in Estonia. Following initial identification and using content analysis process, existing literature were characterized into four major patterns: definition of immigrant population in Estonia, emigration and ethnic return migration in Estonia, formation of ethnic minorities and their structure, and ethnic minorities and integration. Despite of having long historical background of emigration, return migration and ethnic minorities in Estonia; existing literature lacks focusing on refugees and ethnic minorities having background from outside Europe. New question emerged from the reviewed literature, whether Estonia is ready to accept quota refugees under EU quota system?
Interdepartmental model of an organizing of the helping system to the children on the autistic spectrum in the Krasnoyarsk region
Authors: Chereneva E.A. , Volodenkova E.A.
Published: December 2016

Article presents innovative model of interdepartmental specialist interaction in the organization of support for children with ASD in Krasnoyarsk krai. The technology of interdepartmental cooperation of domestic and foreign researchers and practitioners in the development of support ideas to people with autism described. Also we described the experience of development of parenting initiatives, forming of research areas and professional training system for work with children and adults with ASD. The results are implemented in the researches, educational and social projects, contributing to the forma¬tion and strengthening of individuals with autism care systems.
Multidisciplinary clinical and psychological aspects of diagnosis
Authors: Simashkova N. , Klyushnik T.P. , Koval-Zaitsev A.A. , Yakupova L.P.
Published: December 2016

The article discusses the current state of the problem a multidisciplinary approach to the diagnosis of infantile autism and early-onset schizophrenia, differentiation of these diseases. The purpose of this study, which has been conducted at the Mental Health Research Center, is to determine the biological (immunological and physiological), pathopsychological markers of infantile autism and early-onset schizophrenia for potential use as an additional differential diagnostic tool in the clinical evaluation of patients. Allocated to types of cognitive dizontogenezis, which are different and specific for infantile autism and early-onset schizophrenia. Timely early diagnosis of autism in childhood is important for follow-up habilitation. Habilitation of children can be built on the basis of the identification of the zone of proximal development, allowing adequately and correctly pick the individual correction programs for each sick child. In turn, the identification of the zone of proximal development can be performed using multidisciplinario approach.
Demirjian Metodu Farklı Ülkelerde Yaş Tayininde Kullanılabilir mi?
Authors: Yaşar Zehtiye Füsun , Büken Erhan , Tekindal Mustafa Agah
Published: December 2016

Objective: The aim of this study is to discuss the reliability and utility of Demirjian method used at calculating dental age determination with the help of using the data of other countries.Materials and Methods: The data of 22 studies, in which dental age determination was done by Demirjian method between the age of 7 - 11 age range from different countries or different regions from the same country, was examined. The inclusion standard in the studies was defined as this study; examining on healthy children, using panoramic films, researching on left bottom mandibular seven teeth. Data belong to girls and boys at the age range of 7-11 and data related with their chronological age and dental ages defined by Demirjian method was organized in tabular and the differences between dental age and chronological age were evaluated. After variance analysis at the factorial order in the data analysis, Bonferroni test was used for multiple comparisons. Type 1 error was pegged at 0,05 (α=0,05).Results: As a result of assessments, from the point of dental age designated by Demirjian method and chronological age, a difference has been detected between the children who live at different countries and live at different regions of the same country. Negative and positive differences has been detected with regards to the utility of Demirjian method by the samples taken from Netherlands, Turkey, Sudan, China, Serbia, Italy, Pakistan, New Zealand, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Malaysia and India. The difference between the results of the Belgian children who live in Romania, Iran, India and children who live in other societies were not that meaningful.Conclusion: Juvenescence and development at children differ from person to person and society to society because of reasons such as heritage, gender, hormones, nutrition, socio-cultural and environmental factors and previous diseases. Development of teeth are under the influence of familiar factors and because of this reason when scoring system in order to designate dental age of French-Canadian origin children, applied to different societies, important differences could be seen between chronological age and dental age.  In order to overcome this difference, this method needs modification according to the social features.
Lazer Epilasyona Bağlı Cilt Lezyonlarının Malpraktis Açısından Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Kar Hakan , Dokgöz Halis , Gamsız Bilgin Nursel , Albayrak Betül , Kaya Tamer İrfan
Published: December 2016

AbstractObjective: Ruby, alexandrite, diode and neodymium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd: YAG) laser devices are often used for hair removal all over the world. The mechanism of laser hair removal is targeting melanin in the hair follicle by millisecond pulse durations to generate selective photothermolysis of the hair follicle.  Laser application can cause skin burns, thin epidermal incrustation, hyperpigmentation, hypopigmentation and even can lead to scarring as a side effect especially in dark skin types. Therefore, the selection of the appropriate wavelength laser source according to skin types is considered a prerequisite for pre- venting undesired skin lesions. The legislation of laser hair removal is very controversial situation in our country as well as all over the world. We aimed the to reveal problems that may be encountered in the evaluation of the developed skin lesions due to laser hair removal in terms of malpractice cases and also in the reporting process and intend to suggest some solutions in current study.Materials and Methods: 14 cases with dermal lesions due to laser hair removal who were sent to Mersin University Medical Faculty Department of Forensic Medicine for forensic reporting were evaluated retrospectively for malpractice claim by means of socio-demographic features, findings of examinations and consultations, results of forensic reports, applicator person and place of application and legal statuses between 2006 -2016.Results: 12 of 14 patients were woman and the average age was found 31.21 ± 8.52 who sent for forensic reporting between 2006 and 2016. It was found to be most common in the 25-29 age and 40-44 age groups. Most of the cases made complain within the first few days of the application or after 1-2 years. The most common lesions were found to be, hyperpigmentation (n = 7), hypopigmentation (n = 5), scarring (n = 3) respectively.  Face was the most common localization with 8 cases and lower extremities were the second with 5 cases. Dermatology consultation has been requested for 9 cases, 8 cases of them replied as “the detected lesions were complications related to laser application”. Laser applications were applied in “Beauty and the Esthetic Centers” by “Estheticians” in 12 cases, in “Pay Hospitals” again by “Estheticians” but in doctor’s supervision in the other two cases.Conclusion: We think that laser epilation is a medical application and should absolutely be applied by educated medical practitioner or expert or educated health care personnel in doctor’s supervision and exactly in health institutions.
Cinsel Saldırı Olguları İçin Düzenlenen Adli Psikiyatrik Raporların İncelenmesi
Authors: Şenol Ender , Meral Orhan , Sertöz Özen Önen , Altıntoprak Ayşe Ender , Coşkunol Hakan , Güler Hülya
Published: December 2016

Objective: Sex crimes remain a social concern affecting people of all ages globally. It is known that sex crimes pave the way for many mental disturbances. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the demographics of sexual assault victims, features of sexual assaults and the results of the reports evaluated by Ege University Faculty of Medicine Adult Judicial Council and to compare those to other studies in literature.Materials and Methods: Records of cases sent with their files for report preparation to Ege University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Judicial Council between 2012 - 2014 were examined retrospectively and the data were evaluated with SPSS 18 for Windows.Results: 12 (%3.9) of 311 cases which were reported between 01.01.2012-31.12.2014 were male and 299 (%96.1) were female. Ages at the time of the event ranged between 6 and 89 and the aver- age was 26.58+12.22 %37 (n=115) of the reports were requested by High Criminal Courts. %56.9 (n=177) of the sexual assaults claimed to occur were qualified/aggravated, %80.7 (n=251) of the victims’ presses charges themselves, all of the offenders were male, %70.1 (n=218) of the offenders were people from the neighbor- hood of the victim. As a result of the event, %61,4 (n=191) of the victims developed one, %34.1 (n=106) developed more than one psychiatric disorders.Conclusion: Mental disorders sexual assault victims are diagnosed with and the fact that sexual assaults are performed by mostly men against women and children of all ages were consistent with the literature.
Disk Battery Ingestion A Malpractice Case that Results in Pneumonia
Authors: Şarkış Cihat , Yazıcı Selçuk , Can Muhammet
Published: December 2016

Alkaline batteries have become the second most swallowed foreign bodies following coins. Most cases have an uncomplicated course, but some may lead to serious complications and even death.Here we report a 28 months old boy who had experienced discomfort, eating refusal, vomiting and slightly wheezing after falling from a sofa bed. He has been in three different county hospitals and two private hospitals due to complaints, has been examined by two pediatricians and a cranial surgeon. A cranial CT imaging, a cranial X-ray radiograph and a chest X-ray radiograph was obtained. Firstly, diagnosed as head and neck trauma, then diagnosed as acute bronchiolitis, and finally pneumonia. Hospitalized twice. Finally, a chest radiograph revealed a button battery in the esophagus. The foreign body was endoscopic removed. The child had a quick clinical impairment after removal of the battery.As a result, alkaline batteries with their increasing risk of engulfment poses very serious problems. The parents and physicians should be informed against increasing frequency of ingestion of alkaline batteries by infants and children. Also, clinicians should be careful about the risk of these batteries that they can cause pneumonia and infiltration which may make it difficult to detect the foreign body.
DRUG TREATMENT OF CYSTIC FIBROSIS PATIENTS IN RUSSIAN FEDERATION ACCORDING TO THE NATIONAL REGISTER, 2014
Authors: Krasovskiy S. A. , Amelina E. L. , Kondrat'eva E. I. , Voronkova A. Yu. , Chernyak A. V. , Gorinova Yu. V. , Usacheva M. V. , Revel'-Muroz N. P. , Romanenko N. I. , Rybalkina M. G. , Safonova T. I. , Satsuk N. A. , Sergienko D. F. , Seroklinov V. N. , Simanova T. V. , Simonova O. I. , Skachkova M. A. , Smirnova V. V. , Smirnova I. I. , Starodubtseva O. I. , Stashkevich T. V. , Stepanenko T. A. , Chikunov V. V. , Shabalova L. A. , Golubtsova O. I. , Shadrina V. V. , Zonenko O. G. , Shevlyakova A. A. , Sherman V. D. , Karchevskaya N. A. , Naumenko Zh. K. , Butyugina I. N. , Gracheva O. Yu. , Kevorkova M. S. , Yakovleva V. B. , Kashirskaya N. Yu.
Published: December 2016

The aimof this study was to analyze drug therapy of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) in Russia.Methods.Findings of the Russian National Register of CF patients, 2014, were used in this study. The 2014 Register included data for 2,131 patients (2,092 alive and 39 died) from 74 regions of Russia. The median age was 10.2 (15.2) years, 29.2% of patients were aged 18 years and older. We analyzed administration of bronchodilators, inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), systemic steroids, dornase alfa, hypertonic saline solution, macrolides, systemic and inhaled antibiotics, pancreatic enzymes, ursodeoxycholic acid, and fat-soluble vitamins.Results.Drug administration rates were as follows: bronchodilators, 65.9%; ICS, 21.7%; systemic steroids, 5.5%; macrolides, 32.4%; dornase-alfa, 92.8%; hypertonic saline solution, 45.9%; intravenous antibiotics, 62.3%; oral antibiotics, 73.3%; inhaled antibiotics, 41.3%; pancreatic enzymes, 93.3%; ursodeoxycholic acid, 91.4%; and fat-soluble vitamins, 88.3%.Conclusion. Compared to treatment of CF patients in the Western Europe, there is higher rate of administration of pancreatic enzymes, ursodeoxycholic acid, dornase alfa, hypertonic saline solution and intravenous antibiotics in Russia. Compared to treatment strategy in USA, there is higher rate of administration of pancreatic enzymes and lower rate of administration of bronchodilators, hypertonic saline solution and inhaled antibiotics in Russia.
От теории кластеров – к теории кластерного развития регионов: эволюция и проблематика
Authors: Шейкин Дмитрий Алексеевич
Published: December 2016

В работе рассмотрены этапы формирования теории кластеров. Выявлены предпосылки становления и онтогенез кластерной теории. Аргументирована ее эклектичная природа, основанная на совокупности элементов альтернативных концепций. Сформулированы отдельные проблемы теории, связанные с ее междисциплинарным характером. Акцентирована роль кластеров в преодоление эффекта path dependency. Обоснован новый этап развития теории кластеров, заключающийся в кластеризации экономического пространства регионов.
Роль государства в развитии инновационной экономики
Authors: Сиразетдинов Рустем Маратович , Мухаметзянова Диляра Дамировна
Published: December 2016

В настоящее время инновации играют основную роль в экономическом развитии любого государства и являются залогом конкурентоспособности страны. На сегодняшний день Россия акцентирует свое внимание на инновационной деятельности. Именно государственное воздействие и его непосредственное участие обеспечивают высокие темпы экономического роста. В работе использовались метод анализа и синтеза данных, системный подход. Полученные в результате исследования данные позволяют сделать выводы о том, что необходимо более плотное взаимодействие между органами государственной власти и инновационными предприятиями. Следует особое внимание уделить кооперации предприятий с целью создания целостных научно-инновационно-производственных комплексов. Результаты данного исследования могут быть полезны в процессе формирования и реализации социально-экономической политики государства, а также для продолжения научных изысканий по данной тематике.
Необходимость государственного регулирования при смене технологических укладов
Authors: Зайнуллина Диляра Рамилевна
Published: December 2016

В статье анализируются системные проблемы российской инновационной экономики. Автором обоснована необходимость государственного регулирования научно-технологической деятельности в России, в особенности на современном этапе. Целью государственной инновационной политики является технологическое совершенствование экономики и обеспечение конкурентоспособности российской промышленности в соответствии с провозглашенными приоритетами развития страны.
Внедрение инновационных инструментов экологической стандартизации объектов недвижимости: выявление наиболее оптимальной для региона системы сертификации по "зеленым" стандартам
Authors: Мавлютова Алина Равилевна , Харисова Зарина Растямовна
Published: December 2016

В данной статье представлен анализ проведенной научной работы, посвященной актуальной в последнее десятилетие теме «Зеленые стандарты», а также возможности их внедрения в процессе строительства объектов недвижимости. В ходе исследования был произведен детальный анализ наиболее популярных из существующих систем сертификации, а именно, были рассмотрены основные этапы проведения, исследуемые критерии и процесс интеграции каждой из них в регионе.
Для подробного раскрытия исследовательской задачи авторами научной работы была предпринята попытка проведения предварительной сертификации по выбранным стандартам. В качестве объекта сертификации выступил строящийся многоквартирный жилой дом ЖК «Современник», находящийся в развивающемся спальном районе города Казань. В результате чего были выведены рейтинговые значения, демонстрирующие уровень соответствия установленным критериям, а также определен оптимальный стандарт для выбранного региона.
Выводы, полученные в ходе проведения научной работы, могут быть полезны для девелоперов, строителей и проектировщиков, заинтересованных во внедрении «Зеленых технологий» с целью повышения конкурентоспособности проектов и улучшения имиджа организации как социально ответственной и экологически ориентированной.
Основы развития сельских территорий: инвестиции, стратегия, опыт
Authors: Мухаметова Наиля Назыймовна
Published: December 2016

Сельские территории обладают значительным потенциалом для развития региона, который в настоящее время остается нереализованным. Действие государственной программы сопровождается позитивным результатом в некоторых сферах развития территорий, что подтверждает правильность выбранного направления. Но каждое преобразование требует существенных инвестиций в различные отрасли сельскохозяйственного производства и обустройство сельских территорий. Опыт США и Канады формирует новое перспективное направление: создание устойчивых сообществ граждан, проживающих на селе и заинтересованных в экономических результатах его развития. В статье представлена оценка современного состояния инвестиционной поддержки развития сельских территорий, диагностированы ограничения и сформированы предложения по дальнейшим вариантам развития. Статья будет полезна органам государственной власти и органам местного самоуправления, занимающимся инвестициями в местную экономику, а также инвесторам, рассматривающим перспективные направления.
Защита компаний от поглощения в условиях неопределенности
Authors: Шаринова Галина Анатольевна , Павлова Нюудля Цагадаевна
Published: December 2016

В условиях нарастающей нестабильности нет более важной задачи, чем своевременная организация превентивной защиты компании от поглощения.
В статье предложены действия по защите компаний от поглощения, а также отмечено, что своевременная организация превентивной защиты компании от поглощения позволит управлять поведением субъекта поглощения с помощью информационного воздействия.
Сравнительный анализ моделей корпоративного управления
Authors: Бурденко Елена Викторовна
Published: December 2016

Статья посвящена исследованию корпоративного управления в зарубежных странах и в России. Внедрение корпоративного управления является необходимым для разрешения конфликта интересов, возникающего между акционерами и топ-менеджерами корпораций, а также для привлечения внешних инвестиций. Выделены модели корпоративного управления, сформировавшиеся в мире: американская, европейская, японская и семейная. Проведен сравнительный анализ исследуемых моделей. На формирование модели оказывают влияние такие факторы, как развитость фондового рынка, концентрация капитала у постоянных акционеров, национальные традиции и др. В России внедрение принципов корпоративного управления стало необходимо в связи с созданием корпораций в 90-х годах ХХ века и развитием разных форм собственности. Корпорации, являясь крупными промышленными предприятиями, оказывают существенное влияние на экономику страны и региона. Кризис 1998 г. заставил осознать необходимость государственного регулирования рыночного механизма, поэтому формирование и понимание необходимости корпоративного управления начинается с 2000-х годов. За период с 2000 г. по 2016 г. приняты законодательные акты и созданы институты, внедряющие принципы корпоративного управления в российскую практику. В настоящее время корпоративное управление используют госкорпорации, корпорации с государственным участием и крупные акционерные компании, привлекающие инвестиции на международных фондовых рынках.
Оценка конкурентоспособности вуза на основе эвристической модели
Authors: Заярная Ирина Александровна , Лехтянская Лариса Владимировна
Published: December 2016

В статье представлено описание эвристической модели оценки конкурентоспособности вуза. Современный рынок высшего образования ставит перед вузами задачу обеспечения твердых конкурентных позиций. Для решения поставленной задачи встает необходимость оценки существующего уровня конкурентоспособности вуза. Описанная в статье модель позволяет, учитывая основные факторы, достаточно точно оценить конкурентоспособность высшего учебного заведения. Немаловажным достоинством представленной модели является то, что она проста и удобна в применении. Главным ее преимуществом является то, что она учитывает два немаловажных фактора: компетенции преподавателей и компетенции выпускников. Поскольку современные тенденции развития высшего образования демонстрируют важность компетентностного подхода, выделение факторов компетенций выпускников и преподавателей становится необходимым условием при оценке конкурентоспособности вуза.
Cooperativas de producción en México y reformas fiscales
Authors: Izquierdo Martha E.
Published: December 2016

Debido a los problemas económicos que actualmente atraviesa nuestro país, se hace cada vez más relevante la creación de empresas cooperativas como una alternativa económica, por su capacidad para la creación de empleo y con ello la generación de riqueza y desarrollo. Sin embargo con las reformas que en materia fiscal ha implementado el Gobierno Federal a partir de 2014, eliminando una serie de incentivos fiscales, para algunos sectores entre ellos el de las sociedades cooperativas de producción tan necesarios para enfrentar los problemas que existen, lejos de fomentar la creación de empleo y riqueza la aniquilan, aun cuando pregonan que las reformas tienen un carácter social, resulta ser todo lo contrario.

Recibido: 09.05.2016
Aceptado: 05.09.2016