bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving assessment of procedural skills in health sciences education: a validation study of a rubrics system in neurophysiotherapy
Authors: Garcia-Ros Rafael , Ruescas-Nicolau Maria-Arantzazu , Cezón-Serrano Natalia , Flor-Rufino Cristina , Martin-Valenzuela Constanza San , Sánchez-Sánchez M. Luz
Published: March 2024

Background

The development of procedural skills is essential in health sciences education. Rubrics can be useful for learning and assessing these skills. To this end, a set of rubrics were developed in case of neurophysiotherapy maneuvers for undergraduates. Although students found the rubrics to be valid and useful in previous courses, the analysis of the practical exam results showed the need to change them in order to improve their validity and reliability, especially when used for summative purposes. After reviewing the rubrics, this paper analyzes their validity and reliability for promoting the learning of neurophysiotherapy maneuvers and assessing the acquisition of the procedural skills they involve.

Methods

In this cross-sectional and psychometric study, six experts and 142 undergraduate students of a neurophysiotherapy subject from a Spanish university participated. The rubrics’ validity (content and structural) and reliability (inter-rater and internal consistency) were analyzed. The students’ scores in the subject practical exam derived from the application of the rubrics, as well as the rubrics’ criteria difficulty and discrimination indices were also determined.

Results

The rubrics´ content validity was found to be adequate (Content Validity Index > 0.90). These showed a unidimensional structure, and an acceptable internal consistency (α = 0.71) and inter-rater reliability (Fleiss’ ƙ=0.44, ICC = 0.94). The scores of the subject practical exam practically covered the entire range of possible theoretical scores, showing all the criterion medium-low to medium difficulty indices - except for the one related to the physical therapist position-. All the criterion exhibited adequate discrimination indices (rpbis > 0.39), as did the rubric as a whole (Ferguson’s δ = 0.86). Students highlighted the rubrics´ usefulness for learning the maneuvers, as well as their validity and reliability for formative and summative assessment.

Conclusions

The changed rubrics constitute a valid and reliable instrument for evaluating the execution quality of neurophysiotherapy maneuvers from a summative evaluation viewpoint. This study facilitates the development of rubrics aimed at promoting different practical skills in health-science education.
Successful Management of Neutropenic Sepsis Is Key to Better Survival of Patients With Blood Cancer in Sri Lanka: Real-World Data From the Resource-Limited Setting
Authors: Hewamana Saman , Skandarajah Thurairajah , Jayasinghe Chathuri , Deshapriya Samadhi , Gayashan Dilip , Peiris Natasha , Harischandra Mahesh , Gunasena Prasanna , Somasundaram Gnani , Srinivasan Vadivelu , Somiah Surjit , Wickramarathna Chandana , Hewawasam Sangeetha , Balawardena Jayantha , Arseculeratne Gehan , Wadanamby Rohini , Galagoda Geethani , Wijesiriwardana Bandula
Published: March 2024

PURPOSE

Sepsis is the main cause of nonrelapse mortality, and there are no published data on applicability of supportive care protocols from high-income countries such as Sri Lanka. The aim of the study was to investigate management and mortality of neutropenic episodes among Hemato-Oncology patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Retrospective analysis of clinical characteristics, management, morbidity, and mortality of neutropenic Hemato-Oncology patients presented to the Lanka Hospital Blood Cancer Centre from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019 was performed.

RESULTS

A total of 169 neutropenic episodes were identified; 115 (68%) of such episodes were related to chemotherapy. Acute leukemia, lymphoproliferative disorders, and plasma cell disorders accounted for 23%, 69%, and 8% of patients, respectively. The median age of patients who had sepsis was 56 years, whereas that of those who had no sepsis was 53 years ( P = .49). The median time to neutropenia was 9 days for those in the sepsis group compared with 8 days in the group that had no sepsis (0.64). The median neutrophil count in the group that had sepsis was 0.06, whereas it was 0.69 in the group that had no sepsis ( P ≤ .05). The median time to commencement of antibiotics was 20 minutes.

CONCLUSION

To our knowledge, this is the only documented study related to outcome and successful applicability of western supportive care protocols to Sri Lankan patients with neutropenia. In this study, we have shown that neutropenic sepsis can be successfully managed in the setting of limited resources with service development, following guidelines and staff training.
Biomarker Inference and the Timing of Next-Generation Sequencing in a Multi-Institutional, Cross-Cancer Clinicogenomic Data Set
Authors: Kehl Kenneth L. , Lavery Jessica A. , Brown Samantha , Fuchs Hannah , Riely Gregory , Schrag Deborah , Newcomb Ashley , Nichols Chelsea , Micheel Christine M. , Bedard Philippe L. , Sweeney Shawn M. , Fiandalo Michael , Panageas Katherine S. ,   on behalf of the AACR Project GENIE BPC Core Team
Published: March 2024

PURPOSE

Observational clinicogenomic data sets, consisting of tumor next-generation sequencing (NGS) data linked to clinical records, are commonly used for cancer research. However, in real-world practice, oncologists frequently request NGS in search of treatment options for progressive cancer. The extent and impact of this dynamic on analysis of clinicogenomic research data are not well understood.

METHODS

We analyzed clinicogenomic data for patients with non–small cell lung, colorectal, breast, prostate, pancreatic, or urothelial cancers in the American Association for Cancer Research Biopharmaceutical Consortium cohort. Associations between baseline and time-varying clinical characteristics and time from diagnosis to NGS were measured. To explore the impact of informative cohort entry on biomarker inference, statistical interactions between selected biomarkers and time to NGS with respect to overall survival were calculated.

RESULTS

Among 7,182 patients, time from diagnosis to NGS varied significantly by clinical factors, including cancer type, calendar year of sequencing, institution, and age and stage at diagnosis. NGS rates also varied significantly by dynamic clinical status variables; in an adjusted model, compared with patients with stable disease at any given time after diagnosis, patients with progressive disease by imaging or oncologist assessment had higher NGS rates (hazard ratio for NGS, 1.61 [95% CI, 1.45 to 1.78] and 2.32 [95% CI, 2.01 to 2.67], respectively). Statistical interactions between selected biomarkers and time to NGS with respect to survival, potentially indicating biased biomarker inference results, were explored.

CONCLUSION

To evaluate the appropriateness of a data set for a particular research question, it is crucial to measure associations between dynamic cancer status and the timing of NGS, as well as to evaluate interactions involving biomarkers of interest and NGS timing with respect to survival outcomes.
Family Recall of and Response to Germline Pathologic Variants Found on Paired Tumor-Germline Sequencing in Pediatric Oncology
Authors: Jacobs Michelle F. , Goldman Joshua W. , Austin Sarah , Koeppe Erika S. , Murad Andrea M. , Koschmann Carl J. , Chinnaiyan Arul M. , Mody Rajen J.
Published: March 2024

PURPOSE

Paired tumor-germline sequencing can identify somatic variants for targeted therapy and germline pathogenic variants (GPVs) causative of hereditary cancer/tumor predisposition syndromes. It is unknown how patients/families in pediatric oncology use information about an identified GPV. We assessed recall of germline results and actions taken on the basis of findings.

METHODS

We completed phone surveys with patients (and/or their parent) with GPVs identified via a single academic medical center's paired tumor-germline sequencing study. Seven hundred forty pediatric (aged 0-25 years) oncology patients were enrolled in this sequencing study between May 2012 and August 2021. Ninety-six participants (13.0%) had at least one GPV identified and were therefore eligible for this survey. The parent/guardian (for patients younger than 18 years or deceased patients) or patients themselves (if 18 years or older) were contacted. Survey topics included germline result recall, experience with genetic counseling, changes to patient's cancer treatment/screening, sharing of results with family members, and lifestyle changes.

RESULTS

Fifty-three surveys (response rate, 55.2%) were completed between October 2021 and June 2022. Thirty-seven (69.8%) respondents correctly recalled the identified GPV. Discussing results with a genetic counselor ( P = .0001), having a GPV related to the cancer/tumor diagnosis ( P = .002), and non-Hispanic White race/ethnicity ( P = .02) were associated with accurate recall. Twenty-five respondents (47.2%) reported a change in the child's cancer treatment and/or screening recommendations, 17 respondents (32.1%) made a lifestyle change on the basis of the results, and 44 respondents (83.0%) shared results with at least one family member.

CONCLUSION

While most respondents remembered that a GPV was identified in the patient, some did not recall having a GPV found, and others recalled germline findings incorrectly. Future work may determine patient/family preferences for timing/method of result return to optimize patient recall and use of germline results.
A Study on the Integrity Verification Method of New Media Video Works Using One-Way Encryption
Authors: Jung Da Yeon , Lee Ui Cheon , Kwon In Cheol
Published: March 2024

Due to the characteristic of digital video media, there are risk of copying, deformation, damage, and volatility due to ease of access to data, so research on how to safely preserve it is necessary. A study was conducted to apply integrity verification method of new media video using one-way encryption hash function, and based on this, basic data for long-term image preservation were established. The hash function refers to a function that generates data with any length of a fixed length, and the hash value of a fixed length, and the hash value is different depending on data. This can be used to compare the initial value with the current value to determine the integrity of maintaining the state without forgery and alteration after data generation. The hash value was generated using Windows Powershell, a basic program developed by Microsoft, and SHA (Secure Hash Algorithm)-256, was used as a hash function. An experiment was conducted to determine whether the hash function was applied. As a result of the experiment, the applicability of the work was confirmed through hash value changes according to deformation and damage type, hash generation time, and multiple file hash value generation results, and it was possible to quickly determine whether or not there was damage. By comparing hash values through periodic inspection in the future, it is expected that not only integrity verification but also changes in the status of the file format or storage medium can be confirmed.
A Study on the Classification System and Preservation Management of Catholic Moveable Cultural Heritage
Authors: Choi Gyu Ri , Lee Sang Ok
Published: March 2024

This study conducted various surveys on Catholic Movable Cultural Heritage to understand the perception of them, and to investigate and analyze their types, characteristics, and conservation management status. It was determined that the risk of damage and loss is high due to the management status of practitioners who are non-professionals in the field of cultural heritage and the existing guidelines that are not effective. In addition, we identified the uniformity of materials and the period characteristics of the modern era, as most of the items are liturgical items made according to the norms. In consideration of this, we proposed a new classification system that lists the subcatagory’s items and materials corresponding to each item, a management card with improved nomenclature and detailed information fields, and concrete and tangible instructions to make it easier for non-professional practitioners to access. As the number of Catholic Movable Cultural Heritage is expected to increase in the future, the need for conservation and management and related research is expected to be actively conducted, and this study is expected to increase the interest in Catholic Movable Cultural Heritage and serve as a basis for further research.
Study on the Digital Reassembly of Yoni Monument Excavated from Cella of Hong Nang Sida, Lao PDR
Authors: Yu Seung Hwan , Jo Young Hoon , Yun Min Kyeong , Chun Yu Gun
Published: March 2024

During the dismantling of the cella of the Hong Nang Sida temple in Laos, 100 highly significant Yoni-monument members were recovered as fragmented individual stones. To restore the Hong Nang Sida temple to its former glory, it is necessary to restore the fragmented Yoni-monument members to their original positions. However, the high weight and low mobility of the stones make it difficult to physically reassemble the story members. Therefore, this study utilized three-dimensional (3D) scanning, modeling, and printing technologies to digitally reassemble the Yoni monument. To achieve this goal, optimization modeling was performed to connect the three-dimensional (3D) scanning data of individual fragmented stones, after which each story member was reduced to a 1/5 of its original size and printed by sand printing to evaluate the feasibility of physical assembly. Finally, 3D scans of the Yoni monument assembled using the sand-printing outputs were taken, and all the story members were virtually aligned based on the scan data to complete the digital reassembly. We believe that the results of this study will improve the feasibility and completeness of the physical reassembly by allowing for a full preliminary examination of stone blocks, which would otherwise be difficult to achieve because of the risk of secondary damage or weight limitation. In particular, it is possible to objectively and visually illustrate the geometric relationship between the members of each story, which can be extended to similar stone-based cultural heritage sites. To broaden the utility of the digital-reassembly model, it must be evolved into a historic building information model that links the unstructured data, including documents, photos, and images, obtained throughout the process life cycle.
CRISES ECONÔMICAS PÓS-REDEMOCRATIZAÇÃO
Authors: Souza Louise Abigail Vilela de , Barcelos Tiago Soares , Teixeira Elaine Aparecida , Siani Sergio Ricardo
Published: March 2024

Este trabalho tem como objetivo realizar um apanhado da história da inflação no Brasil, desde o ano de 2002 até 2022, exaltando as principais causas das crises e os impactos gerados na economia brasileira. A questão norteadora tenta avaliar se é possível estabelecer alguma relação entre inflação e desemprego para um período de vinte anos, iniciando a partir de 2002 e terminando no ano de 2022. Para poder realizar essa conexão, foram propostos o uso e o modelo de análise conhecidos como curva de Phillips, além de utilizar, também, o coeficiente de correlação Pearson na tentativa de correlacionar as variáveis inflação e desemprego brasileiros. As variáveis utilizadas para o cálculo da curva são as taxas de inflação e desocupação (desemprego), fornecidas pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) mediante Pesquisa Nacional por amostra de Domicílios Contínua (PNAD Contínua). Os resultados observados para o Brasil mostraram que a aplicação da curva de Phillips não consegue ser estabelecida se considerados os períodos de curto e longo prazo, apenas os valores observados para médio prazo conseguiram fornecer dados que atestam alguma relação entre inflação e desemprego.
Comparative otolith morphology in two species of Salmo genus from Türkiye
Authors: Özpiçak Melek , Saygın Semra , Yılmaz Savaş
Published: March 2024

In this study, the morphology of the sagittal otolith of Salmo coruhensis Turan, Kottelat & Engin, 2010 and Salmo fahrettini Turan, Kalayci, Bektaş, Kaya & Bayçelebi, 2020 from Çam Stream (Artvin) and Terme Stream (Samsun) was described by images of scanning electron microscopy. Its shape and contour were also analyzed with shape indices, elliptic Fourier coefficients and wavelet transforms. As the study material, a total of 30 S. coruhensis sample and 20 S. fahrettini sample were obtained. Interspecies differences in otolith shape and morphometry were evaluated by principal components analysis, canonical discrimination analysis, and permutational multivariate analysis of variance. The two salmonid species studied were distinguished by both morphometric and shape analysis methods. However, wavelet transform was found to be more effective than shape indices and elliptic Fourier coefficients in species discrimination, with an overall classification success rate of 80%. Our results showed that saccular otolith morphology could be an additional diagnostic character for trout species differentiation.
The list of deep-sea decapod crustaceans and new records from Sığacık Bay (Aegean Sea, Türkiye)
Authors: Koçak Cengiz
Published: March 2024

Decapod crustaceans were sampled monthly from May 2008 to April 2009 using a commercial trawl vessel at depths between 292 and 550 m from Sığacık Bay. 16 species were identified, of which 3 are Brachyura, 5 Caridea, 3 Dendrobranchiata, 1 Polychelida, 1 Astacidea, 3 Anomura. Of these, 4 species (Bathynectes maravigna, Munida intermedia, Pontophilus spinosus, and Processa canaliculata) are new records for Sığacık Bay. Furthermore, all of the previous studies were reviewed on the deep-sea decapod crustaceans of Sığacık Bay, depth range of each species is given.
Methodological support of educational processes
Authors: Voroncova Anna , Golicina Svetlana , Voroncov Dmitriy , Sutyagina Tat'yana , Skvorcova Marina , Ivanova Nataliya , Mironova Tat'yana , Korsakova Anastasiya , Pavlova Oksana , Timonina Aleksandra , Carenko Yana , Mamontova Natal'ya , Chugunova Ol'ga
Published: March 2024

The textbook reveals the essence, values and goals of methodological support of educational processes. The directions, models and subjects of this activity are determined. Special attention is paid to the content and organizational and institutional aspects of methodological support in educational organizations of different types and levels of education when working with different categories of children and in the context of various areas of educational activity. An attempt has been made to highlight modern forms and methods of methodological support for educational processes.
Meets the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education of the latest generation.
For students enrolled in master's degree programs in the field of "Pedagogical Education", bachelor's degree programs in the areas of "Pedagogical Education" and "Pedagogical education (with two training profiles)", as well as professional retraining programs in the field of "Education and Pedagogy".
State and municipal administration
Authors: Muhaev Rashid
Published: March 2024

What kind of public administration system should be in order to be effective in conditions of uncertainty? How should the mechanism of public administration function in order to promptly respond to the growing variety of requests and expectations of the population? The textbook answers these and other questions. It offers a discursive analysis of the current problems of the history, theory and practice of modern public and municipal administration, which is based on a generalization of the world and domestic experience in the functioning of public administration systems. Within the framework of the communicative paradigm, public administration is interpreted as a mechanism for coordinating group and generally significant interests by distributing the "public good" by the state apparatus in the form of making and implementing political and administrative decisions. The patterns of evolution of systems and models of public and municipal administration in different countries, the reasons for the transformation of technologies and styles of governing influence in them, depending on the maturity of society, the legal system, and the type of culture, are revealed.
The novel of the textbook is a comparative analysis of threats, challenges and responses that define modern transformations of the administrative sphere and change management technologies in the field of public administration, as well as markers for quantifying the effectiveness of public administration systems in the information society.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For students of higher educational institutions studying in the fields of 38.03.04 "State and municipal management", 41.03.04 "Political Science", 38.03.02 "Management".
Theoretical and legal tasks of preserving the natural potential of Russia
Authors: Agafonov Vyacheslav , Bobylev Sergey , Bogolyubov Sergey , Volkov Gennadiy , Gorohov Dmitriy , Lazarev Valeriy , Nikonov Rodion , Sivakov Dmitriy , Hludeneva Natal'ya , Shamordin Roman
Published: March 2024

Natural potential as a set of natural resources and properties of the natural environment is one of the competitive advantages of the state and the basis of its sovereignty. Sustainable economic growth and the well-being of society are associated with the preservation of natural potential. The formation of appropriate legal means is considered in the monograph as a complex regulatory task.
The concept of "natural potential" is studied, its role in the construction of legal conditions for the interaction of society and nature is determined. The analysis of the problems of legal support for scientific activities aimed at preserving the natural potential of Russia, the basic principles of environmental and natural resource law, conservation of biodiversity and natural ecological systems is carried out.
Special attention is paid to the concept of regulating the environmental intensity of economic activity, the legal regulation of integrated environmental management, the essence of environmental and legal restrictions, other economic and legal aspects of natural potential, as well as the legal conditions for the conservation of individual natural resources.
For researchers; teachers, graduate students and students studying the problems of law, ecology, economics; government and municipal employees.
Od redakcji
Authors: Gackowski Jacek
Published: March 2024

.....
Wokół kaplicy św. Walentego w kościele św. Jakuba w Toruniu. Budowa kaplicy i cmentarz
Authors: Sulkowska-Tuszyńska Krystyna
Published: March 2024

Na tle architektury i historii kościoła św. Jakuba w Toruniu odtworzono etapy budowy jednej z południowych kaplic, obecnie pod wezwaniem św. Walentego, której fundamenty odkryto w 2015 roku. Dokonano przeglądu stanu badań. Pokazano stratyfikację najbliższej kwatery cmentarnej. Na podstawie źródeł archeologicznych odtworzono ryt pogrzebu.
PROPUESTA DE CLASIFICACIÓN DE LOS GUIJARROS TRANSFORMADOS, ESCULPIDOS O GRABADOS DE PICASSO EN TREMBLAY-SUR-MAULDRE, PARÍS Y VALLAURIS, EN 1937 A 1955.
Authors: Luque Teruel Andrés
Published: March 2024

La gran cantidad de estudios sobre la obra de Picasso apenas había reparado en la identidad de las pequeñas miniaturas obtenidas de las formaciones naturales que conocemos como guijarros y otras obras afines en tamaño, sobre las que formularon comentarios genéricos y quedó pendiente una clasificación rigurosa. El artículo plantea los análisis morfológicos y formales individuales y pormenorizados que permiten presentar la primera propuesta de clasificación de esa amplia producción de guijarros en función de las técnicas de ejecución, cubriendo así la laguna historiográfica indicada. Para ello, se proponen cuatro grupos en función de las distintas técnicas y las soluciones variadas con las que están trabajados, explicando las características de cada caso.
La Serreta (Vilafranca del Penedès, Barcelona), un campo de silos entre el Neolítico Antiguo y la Edad del Bronce.
Authors: Oms F. Xavier , Esteve Xavier , Mestres Josep , Martín Patricia , Gibaja Juan F. , Sánchez de la Torre Marta , Nadal Jordi , Armentano Núria , Antolín Ferran , Fullola Josep M.
Published: March 2024

En este trabajo se presentan los datos sobre La Serreta, un asentamiento prehistórico al aire libre en el llano prelitoral catalán del Penedès (Barcelona). El yacimiento está formado por estructuras como silos, tumbas, fosos y posibles cabañas. En dos campañas sucesivas se documentaron 89 estructuras negativas, que pertenecen a cronologías entre el Neolítico antiguo y la edad del Bronce. Se presentan los datos sobre las estructuras, la cultura material y sobre las dataciones radiocarbónicas disponibles. Al mismo tiempo se contextualizan los datos en el marco de los llanos prelitorales del noreste peninsular. Palabras clave asentamiento al aire libre, almacenaje, sepulcros, Neolítico, edad del Bronce, Penedès, península ibérica.
Una viñeta obscena, un alfabeto y más grafitos sobre una cerámica procedente de Augusta Emerita.
Authors: Hidalgo Martín Luis Ángel , Bustamante-Álvarez Macarena
Published: March 2024

Se presenta una singular jarra cerámica de época altoimperial depositada en una inhumación que fue descubierta en una de las áreas funerarias de Augusta Emerita, capital de la Lusitania. El interés de la pieza radica en presentar varios mensajes esgrafiados, entre los que se destaca el comienzo de un alfabeto griego así como una viñeta de carácter obsceno. Palabras clave Grafitos, cerámica, hábitos epigráficos, abecedario, escena erótica.
La “Casa Palacio” de Itálica. Estudio e interpretación del edificio a partir del manuscrito de Demetrio de los Ríos, 1879.
Authors: Velázquez Guerrero Maite
Published: March 2024

La conocida como “Casa Palacio” o “Casa Segunda” de Itálica fue un edificio de carácter doméstico descubierto por Demetrio de los Ríos en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX. A pesar de ser la primera domus excavada de forma extensiva en el yacimiento arqueológico, el edificio ha contado con escasas referencias en toda la historiografía sobre Itálica. El infortunio de situar sobre los restos de esta domus el cementerio municipal de Santiponce y la dudosa validez atribuida a la documentación gráfica firmada por su descubridor, han incentivado que su estudio quede en el olvido. Sin embargo, el manuscrito inacabado de Demetrio de los Ríos fechado en 1879 y conservado en la Biblioteca Nacional de España (BNE) contiene una descripción de la Casa Palacio con importantes datos que permiten, texto en mano, realizar una lectura correcta de sus dibujos. Un análisis de conjunto de estas fuentes permite definir la planta del edificio, escalar y orientar su posición en el urbanismo de la ciudad, así como contribuir con todo ello al conocimiento de la edilicia residencial de Itálica en el siglo II d.C
„Plan Marshalla” dla Ukrainy
Authors: Wasiuta Olga
Published: March 2024

„MARSHALL PLAN” FOR UKRAINE
Russia’s horrific aggressive war against Ukraine is causing immense human suffering, destruction of critical infrastructure, and hundreds of billions of dollars in damage. The international community stands by Ukraine and is determined to support its reconstruction and modernisation towards a sustainable, democratic and prosperous future, in line with its European path. The new Marshall Plan will fundamentally transform post-Soviet Ukraine and will allow for a new Ukraine to be built, forever moving away from the outdated technologies inherited from the ‘Soviet’ era.
Działalność społeczności międzynarodowej na rzecz tworzenia społeczeństwa obywatelskiego w Kosowie
Authors: Szeląg Paulina
Published: March 2024

ACTIVITIES OF THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY TO CREATE CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANISATIONS IN KOSOVO
The aim of the following article is to analyse which subjects of international relations have been engaged in building civil society organisations in post-conflict Kosovo and what kind of actions they have been taking. The article consists of the definition of civil society organisations and their role in state building and nation building. Special attention is paid to the role of those subjects of international relations, which have had the greatest influence in building civil society organisations in Kosovo since 1999. The author sheds also some light on qualitative and quantitative changes in civil society organisations, which have been erected in Kosovo in the last several years.
Strategiczne priorytety bezpieczeństwa Gruzji po konflikcie z Federacją Rosyjską w 2008 roku
Authors: Swoboda Piotr , Dawidczyk Andrzej
Published: March 2024

GEORGIA’S STRATEGIC SECURITY PRIORITIES AFTER THE 2008 CONFLICT WITH THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
The aim of the article is to present the security determinants as well as changes regarding the strategic priorities of state security of Georgia after the war with Russia in 2008. Since the beginning of the system transformation into a legal democratic state, Georgia has been developing essential reforms that involved the establishment of democratic institutions, state modernisation, the development of a free trade economy, as well as directed towards Euro-Atlantic and western institutions for co-operation and security. In the international dimension, these efforts have met the encouragement and support of the western and democratic states and institutions, especially NATO and the EU. On the other hand, Georgia had to face the huge opposition from the Russian Federation that aimed to maintainits previous area of influence and oppose the pro-western development in the region of South Caucasus. The war in 2008 (Russian aggression) slowed down these transformation processes and was the reason for the change of perceiving the security environment of Georgia and the role and attitude of Russian Federation towards the post-Soviet space. It resulted in necessary efforts to rebuild the country after the ravages of war on the one hand, and in the considerable change regarding the restoration of institutions and possibilities connected with the main security goals on the Georgian pro-democratic and pro-western way.
Idealized Influence of President Volodymyr Zelensky
Authors: Demczuk Andrzej
Published: March 2024

This article examines the leadership of Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky. It applies three features of Bernard M. Bass’s concept of idealized influence of transformational leadership: high ethical conduct, collective sense of mission, and perception of confidence. The author considers the results of the analysis and explains why these findings are important. While the study covers the political-scientific analysis of President Zelensky’s leadership, its particular novelty lies in the use of Bass’s theory of transformational leadership, formulated on the basis of management and organization science.
Can Memory and Truth Be Tailored by Law? Memory Law and the Right to the Truth in Rwanda
Authors: Myl-Chojnacka Małgorzata
Published: March 2024

The concept of memory laws has been gaining attention for the past few years. It is commonly defined as legal provisions governing history, including repressive measures against the denial of past crimes. Memory laws also include stateapprovedinterpretations of crucial historical events, the law establishing state holidays and commemoration of victims of past atrocities. The laws have a big part in transition and reconciliation, however, they may also lead to a distortion of historical truth. The main purpose of the paper is to analyse the coexistence between memory laws and the right to the truth in the context of human rights violations and international crimes. For that reason, firstly, the legal nature of the truth and memory under international law is evaluated. Secondly, the Rwandan legal provisions on genocide are analysed and comments are made on the elements of the Rwandan traditions concerning the past. That example serves to show the danger of the politicization of memory laws. Finally, the paper is an attempt to answer the question whether the conjunction of the right to the truth and memory laws is necessary.
Model podmiotowego rozwoju miast. Analiza politologiczno-prawna
Authors: Dulak Michał , Salamon Jeremiasz
Published: March 2024

THE MODEL OF SUBJECTIVE DEVELOPMENT OF CITIES: POLITICAL AND LEGAL ANALYSIS
The development policy of the cities is analyzed and studied mainly with the help of concepts typical of geography, spatial economy and sociology. The article proposes to look at this issue through the prism of political science. The epistemology of the concept of political subjectivity, the theory of rational choice, the new institutionalism and system analysis will be used. Based on the conclusions from the theoretical part, the authors distinguish four criteria for the political analysis of the position of cities in Poland. They are: the criterion of resources and interests, the criterion of efficiency, the criterion of relations, and the criterion of coordination. Those criteria relate to, i.a. activities of political authorities in relation to cities, the influence they have on implementation of functions assigned to them, as well as the way in which the role of cities in the state’s political system changes. Based on the analysis of the four criteria, it is possible to determine whether cities are to a greater extent subjects or objects of activities of the central center of political power in the state. Using a schematic matrix of city development models proposed by the author, it is then possible to determine whether, in political terms, we are dealing with a subjective development of cities in Poland.
Asociación entre la depresión y variables sociodemográficas en el adulto mayor en el Perú
Authors: Solano Dávila Olga Lidia , Bartolo Gotarate Félix , Montes Quintana Grabiela , Pillhuaman Caña Nelly , Ramón Quispe Gregoria , Condado Jauregui Jorge , Vega Calero Lucy , Bolaños Solano Olga
Published: March 2024

Introducción: en el vigente artículo se analizan la depresión, variables sociodemográficas y su asociación entre ellas en adultos mayores en el Perú. Materiales y métodos: se usó un estudio transversal, descriptivo y correlacional a una muestra de 5247 adultos mayores. Se empleó los datos generados por la “Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud” (ENDES) del año 2019 , utilizando el instrumento  de investigación:  Patient Healtth Questionnarie (PHQ) de nueve preguntas  y las variables sociodemográficas, incluidos en los cuestionarios de salud, características del hogar  y la vivienda, de la ENDES 2019. Para el estudio estadístico se usó el modelo de regresión logística múltiple, para establecer si existía asociación entre depresión y variables sociodemográficas. Resultados: Los resultados señalan que el 36.7 por ciento de las personas de 60 años a más presenta un nivel de depresión de leve a grave. Asimismo, se encontró que la depresión y las variables sociodemográficas (consumo problemático de alcohol, nivel de instrucción, discapacidad, diabetes, índice de riqueza, sexo y grupo etario) están relacionadas; sin embargo, no están relacionadas con las variables hábito de fumar, presión arterial, obesidad, tener pareja y lugar de residencia.

Conclusiones: la depresión está relacionado con algunas variables sociodemográficas consideradas en este estudio.
Morpholexicosemantics analysis of neologism on Facebook posts and threads
Authors: Dologuin Joylyn , Lood Maria Ofelia Cristina
Published: March 2024

Neologism is a word or phrase that has three classifications which are the completely newly-coined words and phrases, existing words and phrases that have new meanings and existing words or phrases with expanded meanings. This linguistic phenomenon is seen to be prevalent in Facebook posts and threads. This study was conducted to discover neologisms, their classification, word formation processes, and lexical functions. The results indicated that the word-formation processes, namely acronyms, affixations, back-formation, blending, clipping, compounding, conversion and shortening have been used and among these, affixation and compounding are the most used word-formation processes. Moreover, in its lexical functions, which are noun, verb, adjective and interjection, noun is the most used. Therefore, it is recommended that Cultural implications on the fast transmissions and influence of the creation of neologisms be further explored.
¿Qué hacen los mamíferos en los ecosistemas?
Authors: Martín-Regalado Natalia , Briones-Salas Miguel
Published: March 2024

Todos los seres vivos que viven en un ecosistema desempeñan roles funcionales y realizan un trabajo en equipo, de ello depende su existencia y la de su hábitat.
El armado desarmado: el armadillo de nueve bandas
Authors: Briceño-Mendez Marcos , Montiel Salvador , Gómez-Velasco Anaximandro
Published: March 2024

En la Península de Yucatán, el armadillo de nueve bandas, así como otros mamíferos, son consumidos por la población local como un medio de subsistencia. Sin embargo, existe evidencia de que el consumo de armadillo de nueve bandas aumenta el riesgo de desarrollar la infección de lepra ocasionada por la bacteria Mycobacterium leprae.
Las alas no son como las pintas
Authors: Ospina-Garcés Sandra Milena , Mac Swiney González M. Cristina
Published: March 2024

Los murciélagos presentan diversidad de formas alares, las cuales están relacionadas con sus tipos y capacidad de vuelo. En este artículo se ilustran las características generales de las alas y estrategias de vuelo de las especies presentes en México.
O olfato como objeto de pesquisa da História: os odores do agrotóxico da agricultura moderna na produção de alimentos em Boqueirão/PB e os impactos na saúde humana (1950-2023)
Authors: Silva José Carlos , Oliveira Iranilson Buriti de
Published: March 2024

Este texto problematiza o olfato como objeto de pesquisa da história a partir das memórias olfativas dos entrevistados de Boqueirão/PB sobre a produção dos alimentos advindos da agricultura moderna, realizada às margens do açude Epitácio Pessoa, conhecido popularmente como açude de Boqueirão. Inspirados em Corbin (1987), problematizamos, por meio do conceito de olfato, como a modernização da agricultura impacta a saúde humana e o meio ambiente. Exploramos essas “memórias” (Candau, 2019) olfativas no campo da história oral (Alberti, 2004; 2019) e utilizamos como metodologia a análise do discurso (Foucault, 2008). Pautados em Certeau (2019), fizemos uma história do cotidiano a partir da leitura das sensibilidades (Pesavento, 2007) olfativas referente aos processos históricos e culturais de produção dos alimentos em Boqueirão. Constatamos que o olfato é um poderoso sentido de captura, escrita, leitura e de problematização de lugares sociais, de épocas e de problemas do tempo presente que afligem a sociedade, como os danos provocados na saúde humana pelos agrotóxicos.
Como a alimentação serviu para segregar, vigiar e acusar os mouriscos na monarquia hispânica do século XVI
Authors: León Contrera Ximena Isabel
Published: March 2024

Durante o século XVI, diversas questões relacionadas ao modo de vida dos mouriscos, nos territórios da Monarquia Hispânica, foram objeto daquilo que poderíamos chamar de “disputas sociais”, tendo em vista a regulação da vida promovida pelo governo e igreja e formas veladas de resistência deste grupo minoritário. A busca pela uniformização social que se seguiu aos batismos forçados afetaria aspectos culturais dos mouriscos de modo variado, inclusive a alimentação. Se a forma de criação, abate e preparo dos animais, bem como as escolhas de especiarias, farinhas, leguminosas, hortaliças e frutas por parte dos mouriscos (conversos) apresentava elementos em comum com as dos cristãos peninsulares, também permaneciam aspectos que funcionavam como marcadores de identidade, ativando mecanismos de vigilância e controle. A maneira de sentar-se à mesa, os jejuns, as proibições, as orações ao comer, os dias santos ou as descrições da fome em tempo de revoltas ou de peregrinações (mudéjares) integram este panorama. Procuramos aqui abordar a alimentação dos mouriscos (e mudéjares) a partir de fontes plurais e heterogêneas, registros tanto do ponto de vista mourisco (e mudéjar) e de cristãos hispânicos (do estado e da igreja), além dos registrados por viajantes estrangeiros. Nos valemos de cédulas, decretos, leis, um Sínodo, proibições, cartas, escritos apologéticos, textos de jurisconsultos sobre o Islã, relatos de jornada de viagem para Meca e de visitantes a Granada, dentre outros. Esta documentação nos permite vislumbrar alguns pontos sobre a comensalidade de um grupo social, sobrevivendo como “minoria” em meio a um mundo católico que os vinculava ao Islã.
De sabor e de fé: a alimentação sagrada no Batuque e a educação antirracista
Authors: Fortes Lia Cristine , Troglio Matheus
Published: March 2024

Este estudo se ocupa da alimentação religiosa no Batuque. Acredita-se que a sociedade brasileira ainda carece de compreensão sobre as diferentes formas de apropriação dos alimentos para além do ato de nutrir-se. Por meio da análise da condição de sagrada da culinária desenvolvida nas terreiras da região da Serra Gaúcha, a pesquisa identifica as particularidades da gastronomia desenvolvida nestes espaços de fé e sua importância na luta antirracista. Utiliza-se a metodologia da história oral (Maihy, 2007; Albuquerque Júnior, 2019) para o conhecimento dos modos de preparo dos pratos oferecidos aos Orixás e seus significados para seus praticantes. Como resultado da pesquisa apresenta-se um caderno de receitas, intitulado O Sabor do Saber, que traz algumas formas de fazer estas iguarias e seus sentidos míticos. A construção deste material se deu por meio de autoridade compartilhada (Frisch, 1990) com os mestres religiosos que detém os saberes sobre esta culinária, tanto no acesso às instruções de execução como na supervisão dos jeitos de preparo.
Pre-eruptive intracoronal resorption: a familial clinical case and review
Authors: McIlvanna Emily
Published: March 2024

Pre-eruptive intracoronal resorption (PEIR) is a rare condition usually detected incidentally on radiographs. The radiographic appearance resembles dental caries; however, the aetiology is not fully understood. The prognosis of affected teeth is highly variable, and management may involve input from multiple specialties.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: The present report describes the clinical management of PEIR-affected molars in two family members and discusses the alternatives for treatment.
A novel pre-formed distal shoe eruption guidance appliance in chairside management of early loss of primary second molar: a case report
Authors: Bansal Barkha , Dave Bhavna , Kariya Pratik , Antala Aishwarya
Published: March 2024

Preservation of the primary teeth until exfoliation is one of the most important aspects of preventive and interceptive dentistry. Premature loss of the second primary molar before the eruption of the permanent first molar may lead to space loss that results in tooth size/arch length discrepancy. Early loss of a second primary molar is a challenge to paediatric dentists if the first permanent molar has not erupted. A space maintainer of the intra-alveolar type assists in controlling the eruption of the permanent first molar in these circumstances. This report describes the case of space maintenance in a 3-year-old girl for whom the primary second molar was extracted owing to a poor prognosis. A pre-formed intra-alveolar space maintainer, which in this case was a Roche's distal shoe type, was given and followed up for 12 months.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: This pre-formed distal shoe space maintainer gives the advantage of reduced chairside time, more stability and strength, and is better accepted by the child.
Journal scan
Authors: Welyczko Nikki
Published: March 2024

A brief overview of recently published articles on gastroenterology, hepatology and stoma care
Transanal irrigation: where are we now?
Authors: Hamilton Conor
Published: March 2024

Conor Hamilton examines the key components healthcare practitioners should consider when using transanal irrigation
Onwards to Hanover!
Authors: Burnhope Tim
Published: March 2024

JCB’S TOP ENGINEER LOOKS TOWARDS AGRITECHNICA WHILE REFLECTING ON THE COMPANY’S ELECTRIC JOURNEY
One Vision
Authors: Roper Jack
Published: March 2024

NEW HOLLAND HAS A MULTIFACETED HISTORY, BUT ONE MAN HAS REMAINED A CONSTANT OVER THE PAST THREE DECADES AND MORE. CARLO LAMBRO, NOW THE MARQUE’S BRAND PRESIDENT, HAS GAINED UNIQUE INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE OF THE AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY SECTOR AND IS NOW FIRMLY FOCUSED ON THE INNOVATIONS THAT WILL HELP TO DRIVE IT FORWARD AND MEET THE CHALLENGES OF TOMORROW
Development and Validation of Instruments for Assessing the Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Students in Higher Education
Authors: Capinding Andie Tangonan
Published: March 2024

The role of artificial intelligence (AI) in education remains incompletely understood, demanding further evaluation and the creation of robust assessment tools. Despite previous attempts to measure AI's impact in education, existing studies have limitations. This research aimed to develop and validate an assessment instrument for gauging AI effects in higher education. Employing various analytical methods, including Exploratory Factor Analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis, and Rasch Analysis, the initial 70-item instrument covered seven constructs. Administered to 635 students at Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology – Gabaldon campus, content validity was assessed using the Lawshe method. After eliminating 19 items through EFA and CFA, Rasch analysis confirmed the construct validity and led to the removal of three more items. The final 48-item instrument, categorized into learning experiences, academic performance, career guidance, motivation, self-reliance, social interactions, and AI dependency, emerged as a valid and reliable tool for assessing AI's impact on higher education, especially among college students.
Human security, sustainable livelihoods and development: the case of the Niger Delta region in Nigeria
Authors: Siloko Benita Ebindu
Published: March 2024

This article critically examines the complex connections between human security and livelihoods in relation to development in the Niger Delta of Nigeria. This region is pervaded by a web of socio-economic and environmental issues that have severely impacted the lives of people and communities due to environmental degradation. For example, the exploration and exploitation of natural resources in this region has had extensive consequences on the livelihood activities of the people. Moreover, the Niger Delta has been affected by persistent social instabilities and a lack of access to some of the basic assets of security, including personal, health, economic and environmental security. While the concepts of livelihoods and environmental degradation are reasonably well understood in the context of the Niger Delta, the complex links between them in relation to human security remain unexplored. To examine how environmental degradation impacts livelihoods, this article explores the concept of human security, following a rights-based approach in line with the sustainable livelihood framework. Furthermore, it draws from semi-structured interviews conducted in the region on the lived experiences of community members, such as farmers and fishers, and their challenges in bridging generational crises in the context of environmental degradation. I argue that understanding the interconnectedness of security and livelihood issues in the context of such crises provides an innovative approach to considering both environmental and social factors in sustainable development, which is essential for the overall well-being of people in the region.