bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Theoretical investigations on mechanisms and kinetics of the CH3CFClO2· with ClO· reaction in the atmosphere
Authors: Zhang Yunju , He Bing , Sun Yuxi
Published: July 2020

The singlet and triplet potential energy surfaces of the ClO• radical reaction with the CH3CFClO2• radical have been investigated at the CCSD(T)/cc-pVTZ level based on the optimized geometries at the B3LYP/6–311++G(d,p) level. On the singlet potential energy surfaces (PES), the possible reaction involves association-dissociation, direct H-abstraction and Nucleophilic Substitution 2 (SN2) mechanisms. On the triplet PES, SN2 displacement and direct H-abstraction reaction pathways have been investigated, which are less competitive compared with the reaction pathways on the singlet PES. The rate constants have been calculated at 10–10 to 1010 atm and 200–3,000 K by Rice–Ramsperger–Kassel–Marcus (RRKM) theory for the important product pathways. At 200–800 K, IM1 produced (CH3CFClOOOCl) by collisonal deactivation is dominant; at high temperatures, the production P1 (CH3CFO + ClOOCl) becomes dominate. The calculated rate constants for CH3CFClO2• + ClO• are good agreement with the available experimental value. The atmospheric lifetime of CH3CFClO2• in ClO• is around 3.27 h. TD-DFT computations imply that IM1 (CH3CFClOOOCl), IM2 (CH3CFClOOClO) and IM3 (CH3CFClOClO2) will photolyze under the sunlight.
Impact of histological diagnosis on the treatment of atypical brainstem lesions
Authors: Dellaretti Marcos , Câmara Breno Bezerra Arruda , Ferreira Pedro Henrique Piauilino Benvindo , da Silva Júnior José Batista , Arantes Rosa Maria Esteves
Published: July 2020

For atypical brainstem lesions, histological diagnosis can have an impact on treatment, especially in cases where diffuse glioma is not found. Since radiotherapy is the only therapeutic modality that has shown clinical and radiographic improvement in patients with diffuse glioma, the misdiagnosis of diffuse glioma can have drastic consequences, particularly in patients with nontumorous lesions. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of histological diagnosis on the treatment of atypical brainstem lesions. This was a retrospective study of 31 patients who underwent biopsy of atypical brainstem lesions. The procedures were performed between January 2008 and December 2018 at the Life Center Hospital and Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. A diagnosis was obtained in 26 (83.9%) cases. Three patients presented complications: one presented bleeding with no clinical repercussions and two showed worsening of neurological deficit, only one of which was definitive. No mortality occurred due to the procedure. The histological diagnosis was diffuse glioma in seven cases (22.6%) and not diffuse glioma in 19 cases (61.3%). Thus, the histological diagnosis had an impact on the treatment of 19 patients (treatment impact rate: 61.3%). The histological diagnosis of intrinsic brainstem lesions is a safe, efficient procedure with a high diagnosis rate, and as such, it should be considered in the management of atypical lesions.
Synthesis, microstructure, multifunctional properties of mayenite Ca12Al14O33 (C12A7) cement and graphene oxide (GO) composites
Authors: Sriwong Chaval , Phrompet Chaiwat , Tuichai Wattana , Karaphun Attaphol , Kurosaki Ken , Ruttanapun Chesta
Published: July 2020

The Pristine Mayenite Ca12Al14O33 (C12A7) Cement was simply synthesized by using solid-state reaction. The C12A7 and Graphene Oxide (GO) composites (C12A7_GO-x) with various contents of the GO suspension loading (x = 0 wt%, 1 wt%, 2 wt%, 3 wt%, and 4 wt%) were directly prepared by mixing the C12A7 and GO. X-ray diffraction results of pristine C12A7 and all C12A7_GO composites indicated a pure phase corresponding to the standard of C12A7 cement. Raman spectroscopy confirmed the existence of GO in all C12A7_GO samples. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed the micrometer grain sizes and the occurrence of grain boundary interfaces for GO incorporation in all C12A7_GO samples. UV–Vis spectroscopy revealed the absorption value of all C12A7_GO samples and red shift near longer wavelengths when increasing the GO concentrations. The dielectric constant of C12A7_GO composites can be explained by the high density of free electron charges for the interfacial polarization on the GO surface. The maximum specific capacitance of C12A7_GO-4 electrode of 21.514 at a current density of 0.2 A g−1 can be attributed to the increase in the electrochemically active surface area for the formation of the electrical double layer capacitors behavior and the effects of high surface area GO connections. Also, the mechanical properties exhibited an increase in Vickers indenter hardness (HV) values with increasing GO contents. The highest HV value was 117.8 HV/2 kg at the C12A7_GO-4 sample. These results showed that the composite materials of the pristine C12A7 cement with GO were highly efficient. All in all, the GO material contained a high potential for enhancing low-cost cement materials in multifunctional properties such as optical, dielectric, electrochemical, and mechanical properties.
Blood flow disturbances in the central retinal artery in patients with bilateral optic disc drusen
Authors: Obuchowska Iwona , Ustymowicz Andrzej
Published: July 2020

To evaluate retrobulbar hemodynamics in patients with optic disc drusen (ODD) by color Doppler imaging. A prospective study included 52 patients with bilateral ODD and 50 age-matched controls. Blood flow in the central retinal artery (CRA) in both eyes was evaluated. Peak-systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), and the resistivity index (RI) were measured. Mean values of the blood flow Doppler parameters were compared between the patients with ODD and the controls. Both PSV and EDV in the CRA were significantly lower in patients with ODD than in the controls (p < 0.001). The RI in the CRA of ODD patients was significantly higher than in the controls (p < 0.001). Women with ODD presented with significantly lower values of PSV and EDV than men (p = 0.05 and p = 0.03, respectively). Arterial hypertension, cigarette smoking and location of ODD in the left or right eye did not exert a significant effect on the blood flow in the CRA. Blood flow in the CRA is considerably disturbed in patients with ODD. This disturbance might result from mechanical stenosis of the vascular wall caused by the drusen. Color Doppler ultrasound is a useful method in the assessment of retrobulbar hemodynamics in ODD.
Author Correction: Metacognitive Therapy versus Cognitive Behaviour Therapy in Adults with Major Depression: A Parallel Single-Blind Randomised Trial
Authors: Callesen Pia , Reeves David , Heal Calvin , Wells Adrian
Published: July 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
In vitro analysis of multiple blood flow determinants using red blood cell dynamics under oscillatory flow
Authors: Isiksacan Ziya , Serhatlioglu Murat , Elbuken Caglar
Published: July 2020

A handheld platform and measurement method for optical analysis of hemorheological parameters from 50 μl undiluted blood inside a miniaturized channel.
Mixing Aβ(1–40) and Aβ(1–42) peptides generates unique amyloid fibrils
Authors: Cerofolini Linda , Ravera Enrico , Bologna Sara , Wiglenda Thomas , Böddrich Annett , Purfürst Bettina , Benilova Iryna , Korsak Magdalena , Gallo Gianluca , Rizzo Domenico , Gonnelli Leonardo , Fragai Marco , De Strooper Bart , Wanker Erich E. , Luchinat Claudio
Published: July 2020

Solid-state NMR experiments reveal that the two isoforms of the beta-amyloid peptide (Aβ(1–40) and Aβ(1–42)) are able to form unique interlaced mixed fibrils.
Conformational selection vs. induced fit: insights into the binding mechanisms of p38α MAP Kinase inhibitors
Authors: Roser Patrick , Weisner Jörn , Stehle Juliane , Rauh Daniel , Drescher Malte
Published: July 2020

Multilateration using EPR distance restraints shows direct evidence of both induced-fit and conformational selection mechanisms of p38α depending on the ligand type.
Catalytic behavior of hexaphenyldisiloxane in the synthesis of pyrite FeS2
Authors: Todd Paul K. , Martinolich Andrew J. , Neilson James R.
Published: July 2020

Hexaphenyldisiloxane acts catalytically to yield FeS2 in metathesis reactions at low temperatures (150 °C) compared to reactions with no molecule.
Control of allosteric electrochemical protein switch using magnetic signals
Authors: Bollella Paolo , Edwardraja Selvakumar , Guo Zhong , Alexandrov Kirill , Katz Evgeny
Published: July 2020

The artificial chimeric enzyme with allosteric features was activated with a magnetic field applied at a distance.
Surface structure and energetics of low index facets of bismuth ferrite
Authors: Trujillo Dennis , Ghosh Ayana , Nakhmanson Serge M. , Sahoo Sanjubala , Alpay S. Pamir
Published: July 2020

Thermodynamic stability, structure and electronic properties of BiFeO3 surfaces depend on oxygen partial pressure and chemical potentials of bismuth and iron.
Water desalination of a new three-dimensional covalent organic framework: a molecular dynamics simulation study
Authors: Zhang Yifan , Fang Timing , Hou Quangang , Li Zhen , Yan Youguo
Published: July 2020

Preparing a nanoporous membrane with high density and ordered pore sizes which allows high water permeability and salt rejection rate is the key to realize highly efficient desalination.
The multifaceted effects of DMSO and high hydrostatic pressure on the kinetic constants of hydrolysis reactions catalyzed by α-chymotrypsin
Authors: Ostermeier Lena , Oliva Rosario , Winter Roland
Published: July 2020

The cosolvent DMSO and high pressure have antagonistic effects on the kinetic constants of α-chymotrypsin-catalyzed hydrolysis reactions.
Chemical sensing platforms for detecting trace-level Alzheimer's core biomarkers
Authors: Kim Kayoung , Lee Chang Heon , Park Chan Beum
Published: July 2020

This review provides an overview of recent advances in optical and electrical detection of Alzheimer's disease biomarkers in clinically relevant fluids.
Calcium and nitrogen species loaded into SBA-15 – a promising catalyst tested in Knoevenagel condensation
Authors: Kryszak Dorota , Stawicka Katarzyna , Trejda Maciej
Published: July 2020

A synergistic interaction between calcium and nitrogen species loaded into SBA-15 increased the catalytic activity in Knoevenagel condensation.
Reactions of [(dmpe)2MnH(C2H4)]: synthesis and characterization of manganese(i) borohydride and hydride complexes
Authors: Price Jeffrey S. , DeJordy Declan M. , Emslie David J. H. , Britten James F.
Published: July 2020

Reactions oftrans-[(dmpe)2MnH(C2H4)] with hydroboranes and phosphines afforded manganese(i) borohydride and hydride complexes; reaction pathways, structures and bonding are discussed.
Dense π-stacking of flexible ligands fixed in interpenetrating Zn(ii) MOF exhibiting long-lasting phosphorescence and efficient carrier transport
Authors: Zhang Mei-Li , Bai Ye , Yang Xiao-Gang , Zheng Yan-Jin , Ren Yi-Xia , Wang Ji-Jiang , Han Min-Le , Li Fei-Fei , Ma Lu-Fang
Published: July 2020

Dense π-stacking of flexible ligands fixed in three-fold interpenetrating Zn(ii) MOF exhibits long-lived room temperature phosphorescence lifetime up to 91 ms and efficient electro-hole separation.
Tryptic digestion of human serum for proteomic mass spectrometry automated by centrifugal microfluidics
Authors: Klatt J.-N. , Depke M. , Goswami N. , Paust N. , Zengerle R. , Schmidt F. , Hutzenlaub T.
Published: July 2020

Tryptic digestion of human serum automated by centrifugal microfluidics.
Porous carbons embedded with nitrogen-coordinated cobalt as an exceptional electrochemical catalyst for high-performance Zn–air batteries
Authors: Wei Shice , Zhang Fan , Chen Zhenying , Ding Junjie , Xue Bai , Lu Chenbao
Published: July 2020

Establish a polymer framework coordination transition metal strategy to fabricate Co/N-PCs for energy conversion and storage.
Silver-catalyzed regioselective deuteration of (hetero)arenes and α-deuteration of 2-alkyl azaarenes
Authors: Dong Baobiao , Cong Xuefeng , Hao Na
Published: July 2020

A practical silver-catalyzed regioselective deuteration of (hetero)arenes and α-deuteration of 2-alkyl azaarenes utilizing D2O as a deuterium source has been developed.
A highly transparent humidity sensor with fast response speed based on α-MoO3 thin films
Authors: Ma Hailong , Fang Huajing , Wu Wenting , Zheng Cheng , Wu Liangliang , Wang Hong
Published: July 2020

A transparent and rapid humidity sensor based on α-MoO3 thin films was fabricated by a facile chemical route.
Solution-processable and photopolymerisable TiO2 nanorods as dielectric layers for thin film transistors
Authors: Cheng Fei , Verrelli Emanuele , Alharthi Fahad A. , Das Satyajit , Anthopoulos Thomas D. , Lai Khue T. , Kemp Neil T. , O'Neill Mary , Kelly Stephen M.
Published: July 2020

A prototype solution-processed n-type thin film transistor was fabricated. The film incorporates a dielectric layer prepared from solution-processed and photopolymerised inorganic/organic TiO2 nanorods and zinc oxide as the semiconductor, also deposited from solution.
Highly permeable and selective mixed-matrix membranes for hydrogen separation containing PAF-1
Authors: Hou Rujing , Ghanem Bader S. , Smith Stefan J. D. , Doherty Cara M. , Setter Caitlin , Wang Huanting , Pinnau Ingo , Hill Matthew R.
Published: July 2020

Porous PAF-1 addition accelerated TPIM-2 polymer chain densification and resulted in both improved hydrogen permeability and selectivity.
Mitochondria-targeted nanospheres with deep tumor penetration for photo/starvation therapy
Authors: Wang Yong , Wang Bo , Zhang Liang , Huang Ju , Li Pan , Zhao Yahui , Zhou Chen , Liu Mei , Li Weiwei , He Jie
Published: July 2020

IR780 and GOx based PLGA nanospheres can not only selectively accumulate in mitochondria but penetrate into 3D tumors deeply, achieving synergistic treatment of phototherapy and GOx-induced starvation therapy under dual-imaging guidance/monitoring.
Flexible electrochemical biosensors for healthcare monitoring
Authors: Yoon Jinho , Cho Hyeon-Yeol , Shin Minkyu , Choi Hye Kyu , Lee Taek , Choi Jeong-Woo
Published: July 2020

Flexible electrochemical biosensors are studied hugely because of tremendous advantages including the fast response, high sensitivity, inherent miniaturization, convenient operation, and portability which are suitable for wearable biosensors.
Abstract Semantic Associative Network Training: A Replication and Update of an Abstract Word Retrieval Therapy Program
Authors: Sandberg Chaleece W. , Gray Teresa
Published: July 2020

Purpose

We report on a study that replicates previous treatment studies using Abstract Semantic Associative Network Training (AbSANT), which was developed to help persons with aphasia improve their ability to retrieve abstract words, as well as thematically related concrete words. We hypothesized that previous results would be replicated; that is, when abstract words are trained using this protocol, improvement would be observed for both abstract and concrete words in the same context-category, but when concrete words are trained, no improvement for abstract words would be observed. We then frame the results of this study with the results of previous studies that used AbSANT to provide better evidence for the utility of this therapeutic technique. We also discuss proposed mechanisms of AbSANT.

Method

Four persons with aphasia completed one phase of concrete word training and one phase of abstract word training using the AbSANT protocol. Effect sizes were calculated for each word type for each phase. Effect sizes for this study are compared with the effect sizes from previous studies.

Results

As predicted, training abstract words resulted in both direct training and generalization effects, whereas training concrete words resulted in only direct training effects. The reported results are consistent across studies. Furthermore, when the data are compared across studies, there is a distinct pattern of the added benefit of training abstract words using AbSANT.

Conclusion

Treatment for word retrieval in aphasia is most often aimed at concrete words, despite the usefulness and pervasiveness of abstract words in everyday conversation. We show the utility of AbSANT as a means of improving not only abstract word retrieval but also concrete word retrieval and hope this evidence will help foster its application in clinical practice.
Sound Production Treatment for Acquired Apraxia of Speech: An Examination of Dosage in Relation to Probe Performance
Authors: Wambaugh Julie L. , Kallhoff Lydia , Nessler Christina
Published: July 2020

Purpose

This study was designed to examine the association of dosage and effects of Sound Production Treatment (SPT) for acquired apraxia of speech.

Method

Treatment logs and probe data from 20 speakers with apraxia of speech and aphasia were submitted to a retrospective analysis. The number of treatment sessions and teaching episodes was examined relative to (a) change in articulation accuracy above baseline performance, (b) mastery of production, and (c) maintenance. The impact of practice schedule (SPT-Blocked vs. SPT-Random) was also examined.

Results

The average number of treatment sessions conducted prior to change was 5.4 for SPT-Blocked and 3.9 for SPT-Random. The mean number of teaching episodes preceding change was 334 for SPT-Blocked and 179 for SPT-Random. Mastery occurred within an average of 13.7 sessions (1,252 teaching episodes) and 12.4 sessions (1,082 teaching episodes) for SPT-Blocked and SPT-Random, respectively. Comparisons of dosage metric values across practice schedules did not reveal substantial differences. Significant negative correlations were found between follow-up probe performance and the dosage metrics.

Conclusions

Only a few treatment sessions were needed to achieve initial positive changes in articulation, with mastery occurring within 12–14 sessions for the majority of participants. Earlier occurrence of change or mastery was associated with better follow-up performance.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12592190
What Acoustic Studies Tell Us About Vowels in Developing and Disordered Speech
Authors: Kent Ray D. , Rountrey Carrie
Published: July 2020

Purpose

Literature was reviewed on the development of vowels in children's speech and on vowel disorders in children and adults, with an emphasis on studies using acoustic methods.

Method

Searches were conducted with PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar, CINAHL, HighWire Press, and legacy sources in retrieved articles. The primary search items included, but were not limited to, vowels, vowel development, vowel disorders, vowel formants, vowel therapy, vowel inherent spectral change, speech rhythm, and prosody.

Results/Discussion

The main conclusions reached in this review are that vowels are (a) important to speech intelligibility; (b) intrinsically dynamic; (c) refined in both perceptual and productive aspects beyond the age typically given for their phonetic mastery; (d) produced to compensate for articulatory and auditory perturbations; (e) influenced by language and dialect even in early childhood; (f) affected by a variety of speech, language, and hearing disorders in children and adults; (g) inadequately assessed by standardized articulation tests; and (h) characterized by at least three factors—articulatory configuration, extrinsic and intrinsic regulation of duration, and role in speech rhythm and prosody. Also discussed are stages in typical vowel ontogeny, acoustic characterization of rhotic vowels, a sensory-motor perspective on vowel production, and implications for clinical assessment of vowels.
Developmental origins of accelerated cardiovascular aging
Authors: Kovtun Olga , Tsyvian Pavel
Published: July 2020

The Barker hypothesis of fetal origins of disease, derived from observational epidemiological studies, has been modified by the realization that the early influences on cardiovascular development may be recognized in the fetus. Aging and developmental programming are both associated with oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction, suggesting common mechanistic origins. Preeclampsia (PE) is the utmost variant of placental insufficiency and is associated with an increase of serum concentrations of inflammation and antiangiogenic agents in mother and fetus. All these factors are specific for the endothelial dysfunction and able to trigger the epigenetic programming of cardiovascular diseases and accelerated aging. The concentrations of cytokines, tumor necrosis factor, C-reactive protein, NO metabolites, endothelin-1 and homocysteine were measured in serum of women with a normal pregnancy (n=27), PE (n=30) and their newborn infants. The concentrations of all these factors were higher in serum of women and newborns of PE group than in serum of women and newborns of the normal group. The significantly positive correlation between factors concentrations in maternal and newborn’s serum was demonstrated in all groups. We suggest the common source of these agents to be the syncytiotrophoblast cells contacting with both maternal and fetal blood and play a significant role in intrauterine programming and epigenetic triggering of accelerated cardiovascular aging.
Passport and biological age in the choice of metabolic geroprophylactic therapy
Authors: Meshchaninov Viktor , Leontev Sergei , Blagodareva Maria , Gavrilov Ilia , Shcherbakov Denis
Published: July 2020

We compared the effectiveness of geroprophylactic means of gas and metabolic therapy (hypoxytherapy, hyperbaric oxygenation, ozone therapy, dry carbonic baths, amino acid arginine, regulatory tripeptides H- Glu-Asp-Arg-OH u H-Lys-Glu-Asp-OH, interleukin-2 in medium therapeutic dosages by their ability to reduce biological age when tested on practically healthy people or patients with mild subclinical forms of polymorbid pathology at the age of 35 – 74 years. It has been established that the effectiveness of agents and effects in terms of the degree of decrease in biological age depends on the type of geroprophylactic agent, as well as in the part of research – the passport age of patients. In this case, the biological age of the subjects after treatment decreased in the range from 12.8 to 1.3 years, depending on the means used and, in some cases, on the passport age. The greatest efficiency was achieved after the use of a combination of peptide bioregulators in the age group with a passport age of 35 – 59 years. When prescribing metabolic geroprophylaxis, it is necessary to take into account, in addition to the indications and contraindications of the means used or the correction method, the state of the body, also the calendar age and the degree of decrease in biological age.
Pathogenetic substantiation of the combined transplantation use of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells and hepatic stellate cells to restore the liver morphofunctional state after acute toxic hepatitis in the old body
Authors: Maklakova Irina , Grebnev Dmitry , Vakhrusheva Victoria , Gavrilov Ilya
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this study was to study the cotransplantation influence of multipotent mesenchymal stromal (MMSC) and hepatic stellate (HSC) cells on liver regeneration of old laboratory animals in conditions of its toxic damage. Acute toxic hepatitis was caused by single intraperitoneal CC14 injection at a dose of 50 μg/kg. The introduction of MMSC and HSC was carried out at doses of 4 million cl/kg and 9 million cl/kg respectively 1 hour after toxic hepatitis modelling. The morphofunctional liver state of old laboratory mice was evaluated on the 1st, 3rd, 7th day after combined injection of MMSC and HSC in laboratory animals with toxic hepatitis. As a result of the study, it was obtained that MMSC and HSC cotransplantation leads to cellular and intracellular liver regeneration activation in old mice with acute toxic hepatitis. Also, the introduction of these cell types leads to decreased liver mutagenesis, inhibition of programmed cellular hepatocytes death. Thus, the conducted studies indicate the ability of combined MMSC and HSC transplantation to restore the morphofunctional liver state of the old organism under the conditions of its toxic damage.
Use of dry carbonic acid gas baths to correct human biological age
Authors: Meshchaninov Viktor , Shcherbakov Denis , Zvezdina Ekaterina , Gavrilov Ilia
Published: July 2020

Relevance. The physiotherapy method of dry carbonic acid gas baths (DCAGB) mediated through the effects of carbon dioxide (CO2) is a minimally invasive treatment and prevention method of many human diseases. However, the CO2 effect on the rate of human aging has not been sufficiently studied. Therefore, it is relevant to study the effect of dry carbonic acid gas baths (DCAGB) physiotherapy method on peripheral blood indicators and biological age. Purpose. To assess the effect of carbon dioxide in dry carbonic acid gas baths condition on peripheral blood indicators and biological age in patients of different age groups. Patients and methods. An interventional single center controlled clinical trial was conducted on 140 male patients. Within 1 day before the DCAGB sessions course start (10 sessions 40 minutes each) and 1 day after course completion, patients’ peripheral blood samples were studied, as well as biological and cardiopulmonal age on the patented method was determined.

Results. DCAGB course reduced biological age in young and middle-aged patients by 5.5 years (p<0.001), elderly and old patients – by 4.7 years (p<0.001), elderly and old patients had a decrease in cardiopulmonal bio age by 8.6 years (p<0.01).

Conclusion. The course of DCAGB sessions slowed the aging rate of the human body from young to old age, which was probably associated with antihypoxic, antitoxic, antioxidant effects of carbon dioxide, as well as possibly with erythropoiesis activation.
Multicenter Epidemiological Study of Osteoporotic Fractures in Eurasia (EVA Study). A step towards reducing the burden of age-related diseases
Authors: Zakroyeva Alla , Lesnyak Olga , Sahakyan Sarkis , Ramanau Georiy , Kazak Viktor , Issayeva Samal , Shakirova Munavvar
Published: July 2020

To extend elderly patients’ active longevity, practitioners all over the world need a precise clinical instrument to assess the 10-year osteoporotic fractures probability and choose the optimal preventive intervention. The purpose of this research is to assess major osteoporotic (OP) fractures incidence in CIS countries and to create country-specific computing FRAX clinical prediction tools. Method. We carried out a cohort population-based study (EVA) in Russia, Belarus, Armenia, Moldova, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan in 2011-2018. The age- and sexspecific OP fracture incidence values were incorporated into the computing FRAX models. Results. We revealed that the highest standardized HP incidence was obtained in Kazakhstan (338 and 255 per 100 000 per year for women and men older than 50 years resp.) and Moldova (331, 0 and 155, 0 per year for women and men resp.), the lowest in Armenia (201 and 136 per 100 000 per year for women and men resp.). The FRAX models showed that in Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Moldova, elderly people had the highest hip fracture probabilities. Estimates reveal that the OP fractures numbers in the EVA-project countries will grow by 1.5-3 times by 2050. Conclusion. The created national FRAX instruments should enhance the accuracy of determining fracture probability among older people, help clinicians to make decisions concerning OP prophylactic, and to step forward to reducing the burden of age-related diseases.
Syndrome of perimenopausal melatonin deficiency is a new marker of women reproductive system aging
Authors: Mamontova Alexandra , Usoltseva Elena , Soloviev Andrey
Published: July 2020

The aim of our study was to determine a complex of risk factors of the perimenopausal melatonin deficiency syndrome (SPDM) in postmenopausal women and women during menopausal transition suffering from climacteric syndrome. The study involved 278 women. They were divided into two groups: I group included 246 menopausal women and II group included 32 women during the menopausal transition. The Medical History was collected, the menopausal index, and anthropometric measures were determined. The study was conducted with a help of the test questionnaire for melatonin deficiency (TQMD), the women’s health questionnaire (WHQ), and detection of the level of 6- sulfatoxymelatonin (6-SOMT) in urine. According to the obtained data, risk factors of SPDM in women during the menopausal transition are the chronological age increment, overweight, and the reduction of the estradiol level. The leading risk factors of SPDM in postmenopausal women are the chronological age increment, overweight with visceral type of obesity and changes in the hormonal profile. Thus, SPDM is a new clinical and laboratory marker of aging of the female reproductive system, an important screening tool for detecting the development of CC in women during the menopausal transition and menopausal women.
Age-related peculiarities of changes in functional state of a person in the recreation areas
Authors: Malysheva Elena , Skripnikova Elena , Logina Tatiana
Published: July 2020

The article is devoted to the study of physiological effects of staying in the park areas in people of different ages. The study involved 20 students aged 18-20 years; 20 schoolchildren aged 14-15 years; 11 elderly people aged 69-76 years. We recorded tidal volume and respiratory rate, took blood pressure and counted heart rate, calculated hemodynamic parameters. We analyzed the parameters of attention, determined the capacity of short-term auditory and visual memory. All studied parameters were recorded before and after a walk in the park. While people spend time in the open air in recreation areas, the positive dynamics in cardiorespiratory system is observed: a decrease in blood pressure and heart rate, but maximal pulmonary ventilation increases. Also, we noticed that the level of state anxiety has reduced. We have discovered that the influence of recreation area environment on the functional state of test subjects depends on their age The magnitude of the changes depends on the deviation of the initial parameters from the normal values. The most positive values are observed in people with maximum deviation from the norm. The practical significance of the study is to expand the range of drug-free methods to enhance functions of cardiovascular, respiratory systems and the brain in elderly people with the help of sensory environment of recreation areas.
Defects analysis of specialized medical care on the otorhinolaryngology profile in Sverdlovsk oblast at the outpatient and inpatient stage levels
Authors: Abdulkerimov Khiiir , Davydov Roman , Kartashova Kseniia
Published: July 2020

Issues of medical care quality examination are becoming more relevant at present, given the increase in the number of citizens’ appeals to the courts, an increase in the flow of patients with complaints to the Ministry of Health, and an analysis of the medical care quality is important for further improving the process of providing citizens with medical care and improving its quality level. The objective of this study was to analyze the structure of citizens’ complaints regarding the provision of medical care in the otorhinolaryngology profile, as well as to study the characteristics of quality defects in the provision of medical care.
Features of the chemokine profile of blood plasma by neurotoxic complications of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children: preliminary report
Authors: Koryakina Oksana , Bazarnyi Vladimir , Fechina Larisa , Kostromina Polina , Maksimova Arina
Published: July 2020

The article presents an assessment of the neurotoxicity of chemotherapy in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia receiving specific treatment according to the protocols used in pediatric oncological practice. An analysis of the neurological state with the determination of the chemokine profile of blood plasma was performed in 21 children aged 3 to 17 at the Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital in Yekaterinburg and the Central Research Laboratory of the Ural State Medical University in 2019. In the study group of children, neurotoxic complications were recorded in 42.9% of cases. At the same time, the appearance of neurological symptoms in most patients (77.7%) was observed during co chemotherapy at the stages of reinduction during consolidating treatment with a predominant clinical picture of chemo-induced polyneuropathy. In a comparative analysis of the indicators of the chemokine profile in groups of children, depending on the formation of neurotoxic complications during chemotherapy, we selected the chemokines CXCL10 (IP-10) and CXCL12 (SDF-1α) as possible prognostic biomarkers of damage to the nervous system.
Mitochondrial activity of cancer and normal mesenchymal stem cells in vitro cultured in medium with different deuterium content
Authors: Zlatskiy Igor , Antipova Nadine , Zlatska Alona , Dolenko Svitlana , Syroeshkin Anton
Published: July 2020

We showed that cancer and normal mesenchymal stem/stromal (MSC) cells in vitro in a deuterated growth medium show a decrease of mitochondrial activity (MA), while in a deuterium-depleted medium an increase. This was established using mitotracker and rhodamine 123, and was also confirmed by expression of the UCP1 gene. The correlation dependence of mitochondrial activity in a medium with a changed ratio of deuterium/protium (D/H) and supramolecular structures was established, using the laser diffraction method. Density inhomogeneities in the deuterated medium are noted to be large, and in the deuterium-depleted medium small, in comparison with the control.
Features of regenerative processes in case of extreme factors influencing the body
Authors: Tsvirenko Sergey , Saveliev Leonid , Sazonov Sergey
Published: July 2020

Changes in the specific liver mass, number of single and binucleate cells of different ploidy, mitotic index and alteration index, DNA content and inclusion of 3H-thymidine in DNA of Wistar rats and CBA mice in the following conditions: at 0°C for 3, 7, 14 days for 23 hours per day, and in the highlands conditions (3, 200 m above sea level) for 3 and 30 days. Activation of regenerative processes has been established — proliferation of hepatocytes (mainly diploid) in combination with polyploid cell share reduction, as well as cellular hypertrophy development. Cell dynamics shifts persisted throughout the observation duration and were opposite in direction when growing up and aging.
Three-dimensional cartilage-derived construct derived from multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells
Authors: Makeyev Oleg , Korotkov Arteom , Kostyukova Svetlana , Sichkar Daria , Yakovleva Elizaveta
Published: July 2020

Damage to the cartilage surface of the joints is a common pathology. Conventional drug therapies are effective only at the initial stage of the disease and only slow down the further development of the disease. In subsequent stages, it is necessary to apply surgical methods from replacing a defect to complete prosthetics of a damaged joint.

In order to replace defects in cartilage tissue, a three-dimensional bioequivalent was created based on autologous multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells.
Obtaining hepatocytes by transdifferentiation of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells by genetic engineering
Authors: Makeyev Oleg , Korotkov Arteom , Kostyukova Svetlana , Shuman Evgeny , Desyatova Mariya
Published: July 2020

Therapy of liver failure is a common and insufficiently resolved problem. One of the options for its solution it is a liver transplantation. However, this method has a number of drawbacks, which include a limited number of donors and transplant rejection. The use of autologous hepatocytes would allow significant progress to solve the problem under discussion. The work considers a method that allowed obtaining autologous hepatocytes by transdifferentiation of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells using genetic engineering methods.
Hydrotherapy with using citrate buffer system in treatment of senile xerosis
Authors: Ufimtseva Marina , Sorokina Kseniya , Belokonova Nadezhda , Bochkarev Yurii , Mylnikova Ekaterina
Published: July 2020

Senile xerosis is one of the most common pathology in elderly patients. The article presents an overview of current knowledge on the subject of skin barrier function and pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical features of senile xerosis. The corneotherapeutic approach to treatment of senile xerosis is substantiated and the effectiveness of emollients for baths was justified. The pH of water various sources (tap and artesian water) has alkaline values, which leads to an increase in dry skin and worsening clinical symptoms of xerosis. The effectiveness of bath emollients was investigated. The analysis of the adsorption properties of bath emollients was conducted which showed that these properties depend on pH of water. Hydrotherapy with using the citrate buffer system increases the efficiency of treatment. 60 women, aged 75-84 years, diagnosed with senile xerosis were treated with hydrotherapy containing citrate buffer system, bath emollient (shower oil). A clinical assessment was performed at the beginning and end of the study by a dermatologist using the Overall Dry Skin Scale (ODS) and Dermatological Life Quality Index (DLQI). Hydrotherapy with using a citrate buffer system provided a significant softening of the skin, elimination of scaling, remission of pruritus and more rapid clinical effect.
Morphofunctional condition of the pancreatic insular apparatus in old rats with alloxan-induced diabetes and its correction with lipoic acid
Authors: Klyueva Yulia , Danilova Irina , Emelianov Viktor , Gette Irina , Trofimova Ekaterina
Published: July 2020

The concentration of glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin in the blood of animals increases as a result of physiological aging. This is due to damage to the pancreatic insular apparatus and a decrease in the number and functioning of active β-cells. The development of alloxan-induced diabetes in old rats is characterized by a decrease in the number of islets of Langerhans, an enlargement of the preserved islets, and a sharp decrease in the number of active endocrine cells. The injection of lipoic acid partially corrected the morphofunctional condition of the islets of Langerhans and the biochemical values of the animals’ peripheral blood.
Use of autogenous platelet rich plasma and 3D collagen matrix Fibromatrix for soft tissue regeneration in the treatment of Miller Class I gingival recessions
Authors: Farkhshatova Rushana , Gerasimova Larisa , Kabirova Milyausha
Published: July 2020

Background: Evaluation of the effectiveness of the integrated use of autogenous platelet plasma and 3D collagen matrix Fibromatrix for the regeneration of soft tissues of the oral cavity in the surgical treatment of Miller Class I gingival recession. Materials and Method: 25 patients were examined and treated. All patients underwent surgical treatment of gingival recession using two-layer techniques of eliminating gingival recession with «3D collagen matrix FibroMATRIX» for the regeneration of soft tissues of the oral cavity and autologous platelet plasma. In all cases, the rehydration of the collagen matrix was carried out in autogenous platelet plasma for 2 minutes. The result was evaluated after 7th day, 14th day, 1 and 3 months. Statistical processing of the studies was carried out in GraphPadPrism v.6.0, using the t-test, Mann-Whitney. Differences were considered significant at p <0.05. Results: Assessment of gingival recession closure and its significant (p <0.05) increase, corresponding to 85% efficiency after treatment in both groups of patients, no significant differences were found in both groups. The best clinical results were achieved in eliminating gingival recessions in the anterior maxilla, showing its 100% efficiency.

Conclusions: The combined use of autogenous platelet plasma and 3D collagen matrix Fibromatrix for the regeneration of soft tissues of the oral cavity is an effective method for treating Miller Class I gingival recession.
Metabolism of the intestinal microbiota in children of the first year of life with intestinal pathology and its surgical correction as a potential marker of biological age
Authors: Fedotova Galina , Vakhlova Irina , Boronina Lyubov
Published: July 2020

The article presents data on the study of the metabolic activity of the intestinal microbiota in children of the first year of life. The study was performed by gas-liquid chromatographic analysis with the determination of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) in fecal matter, which reflects the microbiota metabolic activity. The content of fecal matter was determined, reflecting the activity of aerobic microbiota-acetic acid (C2); anaerobic microbiota – propionic (C3), butyric (C4) acids; the sum of acids (E); anaerobic index (AI), which is an integral indicator of the intestinal environment. It was found that despite surgical intervention in the intestine in the first months of life, the metabolic activity of microbiota in children with intestinal resection remains stable throughout the first year of life.
Factors of corticosteroid resistant nephrotic syndrome progression in children
Authors: Zhuravleva Natalya , Buryak Vladimir , Horoshev Sergey , Mineeva Natalya
Published: July 2020

Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is one of the most severe kidney pathologies. NS often relapses and becomes resistant to immunosuppressive therapy. In order to identify factors that prevent NS relapses development and possible increase of therapy effectiveness, we have analyzed the course nature of primary (idiopathic) and secondary frequently relapsing steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (FRNS) in 22 children who received immunosuppressive therapy (IS) (cyclosporin (CSA) or mycophenolic acid (MPA)). As a result of the study, the following factors of NS progression in observed children were revealed: hereditary predisposition for diseases of urinary system organs; presence of more than 5 small external abnormalities development, greater disease record, presence of herpetic infection and chronic infection focal points. In children with long disease experience, a reliably higher level of proteinuria was identified. At the time of examination, stage I chronic kidney disease was registered in most children, one in five children had stage II CKD. CKD stage was not dependent on the type of immunosuppressive therapy received (p<0.05). For children who had NS activity persistence at the time of the study, it was recommended to re-perform nephrobiopsy in order to verify morphological changes in the kidneys, correction – including the institution of alternative immunosuppressive therapy.
Mechanical response of η-layered borophene: impact of strain, temperature, vacancies and intercalation
Authors: Saaoud Mohamed , Sadki Kawtar , Drissi Lalla Btissam , Djeffal Faycal
Published: July 2020

The mechanical behavior of few-layered borophene (η-LB), at different temperatures ranging from 10 to 800 K in conjunction with a variant strain-rate, is studied by employing molecular dynamics simulations based on the Stillinger-Weber potential. The uniaxial tensile deformations along the zigzag- and armchair-direction of the hexagonal lattice are considered for η-LB, with η = 1, 2, 3, 4. We find an extremely anisotropic mechanical response. Parameters such as Young’s modulus and fracture strength are higher along the armchair-traction than the zigzag one due to the corrugated structure along the zigzag-axis. The fracture resistances of η-LB are strongly sensitive to temperature, while their dependence on the strain-rate is relatively low. The influence of nitrogen intercalation as well as vacancy defects on elastic behavior is also determined and discussed. The results are significantly affected by the defect’s type, concentration, and location. Our findings provide useful insights for the design of LB for many applications requiring a practical large magnitude strain engineering.
A reduction heuristic for the all-colors shortest path problem
Authors: Carrabs Francesco , Cerulli Raffaele , Raiconi Andrea
Published: July 2020

The All-Colors Shortest Path (ACSP) is a recently introduced NP-Hard optimization problem, in which a color is assigned to each vertex of an edge weighted graph, and the aim is to find the shortest path spanning all colors. The solution path can be not simple, that is it is possible to visit multiple times the same vertices if it is a convenient choice. The starting vertex can be constrained (ACSP) or not (ACSP-UE). We propose a reduction heuristic based on the transformation of any ACSP-UE instance into an Equality Generalized Traveling Salesman Problem one. Computational results show the algorithm to outperform the best previously known one.
Ergeben sich durch die Einführung der 8. Auflage der TNM-Klassifikation Änderungen für eine leitliniengerechte, chirurgische Therapiestrategie des Lungenkarzinoms?
Authors: Robold Tobias , Neumeier Jakob , Ried Michael , Neu Reiner , Sziklavari Zsolt , Grosser Christian , Klinkhammer-Schalke Monika , Hofmann Hans-Stefan
Published: July 2020

Einleitung Durch die 8. Auflage der TNM-Klassifikation und die aktualisierte S3-Leitlinie ergaben sich in den letzten beiden Jahren Neuerungen in der Stadieneinteilung und Behandlung des Lungenkarzinoms. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, die Stadiendifferenzierungen und -wechsel von der 7. hin zur 8. Auflage zu identifizieren und mögliche therapeutische, insbesondere chirurgische Konsequenzen darzustellen.

Methoden Prospektive Datenerhebung aller Lungenkrebsprimärfälle vom 01.01.2016 bis 31.12.2016 an 2 thoraxchirurgischen Zentren und Nachuntersuchung im März 2019. Vergleich der 7. Auflage der Tumorklassifikation für das Lungenkarzinom mit der 8. Auflage in Hinblick auf Veränderungen des Stadiums, Auswirkungen auf die leitliniengerechte, insbesondere chirurgische Therapie des Lungenkarzinoms und das Gesamtüberleben.

Ergebnisse Es konnten 432 Primärfälle einer Lungenkrebserkrankung ermittelt werden. Davon konnten entsprechend der 8. Auflage 82 Patienten (7. Auflage: n = 85) dem Stadium I, 43 (n = 49) Patienten dem Stadium II, 100 (n = 91) Patienten dem Stadium III und 207 (n = 207) Patienten dem Stadium IV zugeordnet werden. Es wurden 81 (18,7%) Veränderungen des Tumorstadiums mit einer deutlichen Tendenz zur Höherstufung (77 Aufwertungen vs. 4 Abwertungen) detektiert. Bei 63 Patienten (14,6%) zeigte sich ein Stadienwechsel innerhalb eines Stadiums (z. B. IIA → IIB), für 18 Patienten (4,1%) ergab die Auswertung einen übergreifenden Stadienwechsel (z. B. IIB → IIIA) mit einer formalen Änderung in der Therapieempfehlung ohne primär operative Therapieindikation bei 12 Patienten (2,8%). Die neu eingeführten Subgruppen (IA1–3, IIIC und IVA/B) ergaben für 290 Patienten (67,1%) eine spezifischere Stadiendifferenzierung. Für die neuen Stadien IVA/B konnte ein signifikanter Unterschied
im 2-Jahres-Überleben dargestellt werden (IVA = 25,2%; IVB = 13,0%; p < 0,05).

Schlussfolgerung Die Weiterentwicklung der TNM-Klassifikation für das Bronchialkarzinom zur aktuellen 8. Auflage zeichnet sich durch eine differenziertere Einteilung aus. Im untersuchten Kollektiv zeigte sich eine deutliche Tendenz zur Höherstufung des Tumorstadiums. Unter Berücksichtigung der aktuellen Empfehlungen aus der S3-Leitlinie reduziert sich daher die Anzahl der Patienten mit formal primärer OP-Empfehlung im Stadium I – IIIA. Vor allem die Veränderungen des T-Status bei gleichbleibendem N-Status und die Aufwertung einzelner Tumorformeln in ein höheres Tumorstadium verursachen diese Dynamik. Das signifikant bessere 2-Jahres-Überleben im Stadium IVA bei singulärer Fernmetastasierung (M1b) und M1a-Metastasierung im Vergleich zum Stadium IVB unterstützt die differenzierte Betrachtung der unterschiedlichen Metastasierungsgrade.