bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Floating resort planning in Tano Ponggol with water conservation approach
Authors: Fachrudin H T , Atiarana Alifa Futi
Published: April 2021

The government of Republic of Indonesia built a supporting infrastructure for the growth of the Toba Lake National Tourism Strategic Area as an international tourist destination. One of infrastructure built is the Tano Ponggol Bridge, which becomes the only road connecting into that area. To help the government work program, planning accommodation becomes very urgent along with the development of tourist areas on Toba Lake. Planning a Floating Resort that has design ideas and new innovations is one solution to support government programs and tourism activities in Tano Ponggol. The method in this design starts from the site survey directly, then the data collection by observation, documentation, literature review and comparative study of similar projects and themes for the preparation of the planning concept of the Floating Resort in Tano Ponggol with the concept of a water conservation approach that will use water from Toba Lake as a support utility and can also be used as a design settlement at the resort. The application of the concept is applied to the utility system and also the design of the building that will show the process of collecting rainwater through the roof of the building and returning water to the lake.
Science and culture centre concept with energy-saving architecture approach
Authors: Fachrudin H T , Muhammad Sibarani Fadhil
Published: April 2021

Science and Culture Center is a place that become a center of educational activities, development of science and technologies, and also a meeting place, an interacting place, and a place for cultural exchange between communities. The problem raised in solving design problems is the lack of special designs that meet the needs of design objects in terms of learning and developing culture and science. The main purposes is as a forum for the local community to meet the needs of the center of non-formal educational activities and culture that can be a place for people to gather, move, learning science and culture. In this study, qualitative methods were used in literature studies and comparative study of similar objects involving technical factors and building requirements. Field observations are also carried out, by directly observing field conditions and collecting data by direct observation and interviews with relevant parties. The problems obtained were further analyzed so as to produce a design concept with the theme of Energy-Saving Architecture, including the use of renewable sources, solar cell power plants, techniques for using plants for roofs, rainfed parks, using gravel compacted for pavement areas, etc. The results in the form of design concepts and applications on the design object as a guide to continue the design of the Center.
The layout improvements of motorcycle parking facilities in hospital
Authors: Steven  , Willis Vertikal , Christine Sembiring Anita
Published: April 2021

Parking space is one of the facilities that must be considered in all types of public facilities buildings, one of which is a hospital. But unfortunately many hospitals make parking facilities tend to be careless and cause the parking space to become narrow, causing congestion in the entry and exit lanes, so that it can damage vehicle property. This research focuses on parking facilities for 2-wheeled vehicles in one of the largest hospitals in the Medan city area. The facilities of this hospital are classified as very severe. As for some of the problems contained in the parking lot are parking conditions that are always over (too full), very narrow parking lanes, and irregular parking conditions (causing severe congestion at certain hours). The final result of this study is to get the number of parking slots that must be provided and make a layout parking improvements.
GIS for USU campus transportation asset management
Authors: Anas Ridwan , Surbakti Medis S , Sembiring Irwan S , Puji Hastuty Ika
Published: April 2021

Transportation infrastructures consume a large number of resources, and managing infrastructure assets is a big issue in the public sector. Transportation asset management is important to obtain optimal performance as a result of maintaining, upgrading, operating assets, and making decisions. This paper proposes a concept to support campus management to maintain transportation assets by using the GIS database for maintenance and rehabilitation concerns. Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU) was one of the biggest universities in North Sumatera, consist of 16 schools and faculties with total area + 120 ha. Transportation infrastructure at the USU Campus includes roads, bus stops, pedestrian facilities, and parking areas. Transportation asset management based on GIS could combine with the budgeting system that supporting the decision-makers to recognize leads better outcomes for organizations.
Application of rice husk ash in high strength concrete
Authors: Nursyamsi Nursyamsi , Febrizal Aruan Ajuhan
Published: April 2021

Rice husk ash waste would cause dangerous environmental problems in soil and air. One of the solutions to overcome the environmental impact of rice husk ash is by processing it into a partial substitute for cement. The purpose of this study was to analyze the compressive strength of high strength concrete. The method used was experimental research by utilizing rice husk ash as a cement substitute in concrete with a percentage of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and the addition of superplasticizer. The test object was made with a diameter of 10 cm and a height of 20 cm. The test object was treated using clean water. The strength of concrete with rice husk ash as a cement substitute was tested based on absorption and compressive strength of concrete on day 7 and day 28. Thus, the optimum compressive strength was obtained in the variation of 10% rice husk ash as the cement substitution. Based on this study, the highest average compressive strength was found in concrete with a variation of 10% rice husk ash, which was 38.5 MPa at 7 days and 56.2 MPa at 28 days.
The effect of shredded plastic waste PET and HDPE substitution on concrete characteristics
Authors: Nursyamsi Nursyamsi , Adil Khoirun
Published: April 2021

The incompetence of recycling schemes has gradually led to alternative ideas to tackle the problem of plastic waste. This research was conducted from the context of environmental and development issues that are growing in Indonesia. This research focuses on how to apply plastic waste into concrete mixtures. PET (Poly-Ethylene Terephthalate) and HDPE (High-Density Polyethylene) plastic waste is shredded into 10-25 mm sizes and substituted as much as 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% replacing fine aggregate to improve concrete characteristics. The results showed that the PET substitution of 5%, 10%, and 15%, the compressive strength still met the compressive strength plan (f’c = 25 MPa). Whereas in the HDPE substitution variation, it is only the strength of the variation of 5% and 10% that still meets the compressive strength plan. In the split tensile strength test, there was a decrease in the strength of PET substitution with increasing percentage levels, while in HDPE substitution there was an increase in strength at levels of 5% and 10%. Overall, it was concluded that HDPE and PET shredding in concrete have an opportunity to help to reduce the build-up of plastic waste.
Analysis of the effect of sand replacement as a counterweight towards stability of embankment in Belawan Port reclamation
Authors: Roesyanto  , Iskandar R , Surbakti R
Published: April 2021

Soil improvement with preloading and PVD on large area has a side effect, where the load received by soft soil does not quickly release soil pore water. Due to the nature of soft soil which has low permeability and low internal friction angle, the soil will experience lateral deformation, this causes the soil around the preloading embankment to be lifted. In this project, sand replacement is carried out at a location adjacent to other constructions as a counterweight so that the subgrade is not lifted. This analysis aims to determine the effect of installing a sand replacement in the sand key area on the stability of the preloading embankment structure in the reclamation area. The method used in this research is the analytical method as well as numerical method using finite element method program. It was found that using a sand replacement as a counterweight was able to prevent the lifting of the soil, to maintain the stability of the embankment structure and to prevent the subgrade lift in the shipping channel. Sand replacement is able to balance the lateral ground pressure so that it does not increase the surface of the shipping channel. Preloading construction without using a counterweight on soft soil will collapse due to lateral deformation of the preloading pile load.
Structural analysis of traditional Batak Karo house against earthquake
Authors: Tarigan Johannes , Nursyamsi Nursyamsi , Simanihuruk Faisal H , Hani Sheila
Published: April 2021

The Karo traditional house studied wasgerga sepulu dua jabuin Lingga village. The structure is modelled into frames and 3D models. Structural irregularity will be analyzed and spectral response analysis were carried out with SAP 2000. Earthquake resistance is determined based on period, base shear force, friction between rock with piles, story drift and appearance analysis. Horizontally the Batak Karo traditional house is regular but vertically has an irregularity that is mass irregularity, vertical geometry, discontinuity in the direction of holding horizontal force. From the SAP 2000 analysis, a period of 0.107993 seconds was obtained, a basic shear of 94.884 kN, a friction force between the rock with piles a 94.884 kN, story drift of 8.068 mm. Column axial force 152,755 kN, beam bending moment 16,372 kNm and beam shear force 47,982 kN. The upper limit of the period is 0.4676 seconds, dynamic shear force of 80.561 kN, rock friction with 368.55 kN, and 37 mm deviation. Column compressive force 1864.01 kN, beam bending moment 36,277 kNm, and beam shear force 380,725 kN. Based on that, it can be concluded that the Karo traditional house is safe from earthquakes.
Precast box culvert analysis with direct load
Authors: Tarigan Johannes , Nursyamsi Nursyamsi , Farhan Muhamad
Published: April 2021

Manufacturers still use SNI (Standard Nasional Indonesia) concrete for producing concrete in general but there still no Indonesia Technical Guideline SNI which specifically contains for producing or designing the properties of the box culvert itself. In this study, thirty-nine specimens were used with three different models which are 3 beams with fixed - fixed (first model), 3 portals without any ground on the side (second model), 3 portals with land on the side (third model), each of which has a size of 1000 mm x 1000 mm x 160 mm, 1000 mm x 1500 mm x 170 mm, and 1000 mm x 2000 mm x 180 mm with compressive strength 25 Mpa, 30 Mpa, 35 Mpa, 40 Mpa. The dimensions of the box culvert specimens are taken based on the standardized dimensions of Bina Marga then calculated by AASHTO handling with variations in quality and size, and compared with the calculation of simple beams with the placement of fixed-fixed support type and portals with pinned-pinned support type. It has been conclude that thickness of concrete is directly proportionally to the compressive strength, and inversely proportional to deflection.
The application of housing land-use patterns to achieve low CO2 emission in Medan City
Authors: Zahrah Wahyuni , Radiysani Syam Putri
Published: April 2021

Planning of housing is related to land-use management the lack of appropriate and adequate facilities also discovered to be forcing residents to travel to other places, thereby, leading to CO2 emissions. This study was, therefore, aimed to determine appropriate land-use patterns to reduce the environmental damages caused by a continued increase in CO2 emissions, especially in residential areas of Medan city. The control policy implemented in Taman Johor Indah Permai Housing I involves studying housing and life structuring in the area to cope with the effects of CO2 emissions. The study was conducted using a mixed-method with the quantitative aspect applied to process data, while the qualitative aspect was applied to analyze the research problem. The sample population included all housing units in Taman Johor Indah Permai I and the data obtained were comprehensively analyzed based on urban housing theory, spatial planning, and CO2 emissions sources. The characteristics of land use patterns were identified, potential factors contributing to CO2 emissions, and their roles in preventing and overcoming they were determined, after which recommendations were made to prepare housing land-use patterns to achieve low CO2 emissions. The results, however, showed a lack of facilities in the housing area to be influencing the distance traveled by the residents thereby causing more emissions. It’s led to the implementation of policies involving mixed use of land and pedestrian walkways in designing low CO2 emissions urban housing.
Study on concrete compressive strength due to the cement substitution partially by corncob ash
Authors: Aswin M , Nola L , Maranatha E S
Published: April 2021

The development of concrete construction increased gradually, so that it affects the increasing on the cement use. Cement production contributes to produce gas emissions (CO2) which can cause environmental issue. Therefore, alternative materials are needed to use in reducing the using of cement, the aim of this research was to generate the green concrete. Corncob is one of the agricultural waste. In addition, to support green concrete, this research also used cement less than 500 kg/m3. The number of cement will substitute by Corncob Ash (CCA) partially with variations are 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 12.5%, 15% and 17.5% counted as recently cement weight. The using of specimen consist of diameter 150 mm and height 300 mm. The needed of compressive test each variations made of 3 concrete cylinder samples for testing at 7, 14 and 28 days. Based on the results, it can be seen that CCA is able to supply increasing on concrete compressive strength. So that, CCA can be proposed partially as a cement substitutional.
The relationship between green behaviour and green campus principles: A literature review
Authors: Fachrudin H T , Fachrudin K A
Published: April 2021

The green concept has become indispensable in buildings, environments, and campuses. The relationship between green campus and green behaviour is an important thing to research. This research is to review researches related to these matters. The aim is to analyse indicators of green behaviour that can be needed to create a green campus. Green campus has several principles including building, environment, energy conservation, water conservation, waste management, education, and transportation. Green behaviour can be applied to support the realization of a green campus. The method used is a meta-analysis review with meta-ethnography. A total of 17 papers were analysed to construct a new conceptual framework. The stages of analysis in research on green campus and green behaviour were carried out to obtain indicators from each theme. The results of the analysis show that the main principle of the green campus is energy conservation, while the main indicators of green behaviour are awareness, attitude, subjective norms, behaviour control, and intention. The relationship of green behaviour to the principles of green campus is expected to realize a green campus.
Optimizing Production And Distribution With Distribution Route Management On Perishable Products
Authors: Akbar A.F. , Tulus  , Sawaluddin
Published: April 2021

The research aims to minimize production costs with the management of distribution routes. Direction of the selected distribution route using the Production Routing Problem (PRP) model on the product is easily damaged. The PRP linear Model is resolved using LINGO software. The optimal production cost is Rp 84,701. The optimal route of distribution is stockroom-Sembada Market-Traditional Market-Minggu Market - stockroom. The optimal production amount is 27 pieces.
Model and simulation of arm robot with 5 degrees of freedom using MATLAB
Authors: Sabri M , Fauzi Rahmad , Fajar M S , Geubrina H S , Sabri Faris A M
Published: April 2021

The arm robot with five degrees of freedom is commonly used for industrial or education. For Industrial uses, robot are used for the main step to make the production time more efficient and it can make a product with a good quality. Considering the benefits of arm robot with five degrees in industrial, the robot simulation is used to know the robot torque that will improve and optimizing the movement of the arm robot so the robot can help industry to produce in effective and efficient way. In this paper, the arm robot with five degrees of freedom will analyze the kinematic forward movement and inverse kinematic of the Robot simulation. Interactive simulation system is created using MATLAB software, which is one of the most widely used platforms for modeling and simulating robot systems. Finally, the simulation results verify the kinematic effectiveness in the robot movement and the robot torque according to the robot motion.
Analysis of website service quality with webqual 4.0 integration method
Authors: Syahputri K , Rizkya I , Siregar I , Syardhi O C
Published: April 2021

Universitas Sumatera Utara is one of the state universities that uses a website as an information system to support education. The Academic Portal and Student Directory are websites released by the USU Information System Centre to facilitate academic services for students. However, as a service provider, the Academic Portal website and student directory do not escape complaints from students’ complaints about the quality of service provided and make students feel that the quality of the website is not in accordance with what they expect and give dissatisfaction with the services provided. This research was conducted to analyze the quality of the Academic Portal website and the Student Director i-Student based on the Webqual 4.0 dimension. Analysis of website quality by calculating webqual index to determine the level of quality of the website based on the WQI coefficient interval. If the Academic Portal Dimension usability and Information are in the coefficient interval of 0.60-0.70, it can be said that the quality level of the Academic Portal Website is the Usability and Information dimension is “Good”. Whereas the interaction dimension is at an interval of 0.40-0.59, it can be said that the quality level of Portal A Website is academic.
Optimization of automotive goods preparation pattern for export using algorithm genetics
Authors: Hasibuan S , Indarto K S , Ichtiarto B P , Jaqin C , Hidayati J
Published: April 2021

In the case of delivery of goods for export purposes with large box dimension variations, the arrangement of goods in the fleet becomes very important as it affects the efficiencies of the cost. This situation is felt by all industrial sectors, one of which is the automotive industry. One problem is due to loading container issues, which in this case is due to the use of fleets for unfilled shipping. This is due to the fact that the delivery pattern of goods within the shipping ship is still not optimal. One solution is to optimize the space and layout of the items in the fleet. Genetic algorithm is a method of solving solutions that can be used to solve container loading problems with non-linear and heterogeneous data items, inspired by the theory of evolution. Genetic algorithm can provide optimization solutions for item preparation patterns that practice natural selection methods to get selected individuals that contain the best genes. Then the data will be repeated for several generations and yield the best array pattern output or achieve the target, in this case the minimum free space.
Quality control of cutter case at PT. X with six sigma approach
Authors: Sembiring Nurhayati , Devany Jeanica
Published: April 2021

Quality control is a system of maintaining the quality of products on an ongoing basis. In the industrial world, quality control is essential to meet customer demand. The problem formulated in this study is the assessment of the Defect of the Cutter Case produced by PT. The object in this study is the Cutter Case product. The number of samples used was 450 units. The Cutter Case will be inspected for the number of defective products and defect criteria that are met for each product unit, and the length and width of the product surface. Rules for the type of defect studied were melting, non-jagging, and bent. The method used in solving problems in this study is the Six Sigma method, namely DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyse, Improve, Control).
The improvement of line balancing in the plastic sack production using theory of constraints
Authors: Wahyuni Dini , Budiman Irwan , Naomi A T
Published: April 2021

This research was conducted in a plastic sack production that is used to package rice or fertilizer. Problems faced by the company are the built-up of work in process and the imbalance of the production line. The research objective is to increase line efficiency of the production process. The stopwatch time study method is used in measuring the time of each element of the task to get the standard working time. Then backward and forward scheduling and line balancing are performed. On the existing line, there are 11 work centres with 11 workers, a smoothing index of 27,813.68 and a line efficiency of 19.42%. The results of balancing the production line using the theory of constraints obtained the best alternative for 11 workers is to form 7 work centres with a smoothing index value of 4,205.41 and a line efficiency of 55.08%. If it is possible to only employ 10 people, the line efficiency can be increased to 64.26% with a smoothness index of 3,142.94.
Green manufacturing design in palm oil mills Sei Mangkei PTPN III
Authors: Lestari Dina , Matondang Rahim , Matondang Nazaruddin
Published: April 2021

Sei Mangkei Mill which has a capacity of 75 tons of FFB/hour treated the waste according to applicable procedures and has complied with the provisions of the Simalungun BLH. Liquid waste (POME) has not been fully utilized because it still causes environmental damage, where POME deposited in open ponds contains methane and carbon dioxide which causes a greenhouse effect. Utilizing renewable energy optimally is one of government programs to create energy independence. Researchers are interested in on processing liquid waste in the form of POME into environmentally friendly products that have economic value using the green manufacturing method at the mill. The results obtained are biogas products can be used as a source of renewable energy. Smallest value was obtained by the intensity of the amount of hazardous substances / chemicals of 0.24% and the largest was obtained in the form of the amount of renewable material at 98.04% based on product cycle analysis related to eighteen types of environmental performance indicators. This value shows that all waste has been used for the benefit of the factory itself and renewable energy is not harmful to the environment. The eco-efficiency value of biogas products stated that the efficiency level of the product was 99.76%.
Business process reengineering android-based sales: Case PT.XYZ
Authors: Amri Syahputra , Napitupulu Humala L , Nazaruddin
Published: April 2021

Increasingly the business market competition is getting tougher. Companies are required to provide better products/services than their competitors. PT XYZ is a company engaged in food manufacturing. The products produced are snacks which are grouped into 4 parts, namely crackers, biscuit noodles and wafers. The business process in the sales department is still very manual and outdated because ordering goods is still over the phone which is considered inefficient. Therefore, improvement is needed by accelerating the time cycle of each activity and simplifying a series of activities as well as the use of technology that cuts business activity activities that have no added value and is repeated. One concept that can be applied is to reengineer business processes (BPR), namely the use of android technology with ESIA method which is able to facilitate marketing from anywhere using an android-based communication device.
Production scheduling using ant colony optimization in furniture industry
Authors: Tarigan U , Siregar I , Siregar K , Tarigan UPP
Published: April 2021

Every association tries to always create an effective and efficient production process. High competition in the industrial world during this time has led to industrial growth which has influence to a company to increase overall productivity in their production activities. For a production activity, in order to obtain an optimum result, all production activities must first be planned properly. Production scheduling is very important in the production process of a product in the company. The first come first served scheduling system currently implemented by the company capable to produce an appropriate scheduling. This causes the high total lead time (makespan) resulted and makespan obtained does not meet the due date. Therefore, it is necessary for rescheduling in order to decrease the overall total lead time to meet customer orders. The study design uses the ant colony algorithm to design the scheduling of door leaf production. The result shows that production scheduling using the ant colony algorithm resulted in scheduling sequences based on the length of lead time are job 1-job 6-job 4-job 3-job 5-job 2. The ant colony method is able to decrease slightly the total lead time product of 3,06%.
Comparison of first come first served and ant colony algorithm method for door leaf production scheduling
Authors: Tarigan U , Siregar I , Sari R M , Syahputri K , Rizkya I
Published: April 2021

Private company produces doors according to the customer orders (make to order) with various types of products. The company several times experiencing delay of delivery to consumers so that the main cause of the occur in the company caused by the length of the lead time. The length of the lead time occur due to the increasing varied quantity of consumer demand when the product processing step use the same machine. The company implements First Come First Served (FCFS) scheduling system but does not able to produce an appropriate scheduling. The value of the makespan with the FCFS method is 2579,40 hours with the sequence of door leaf job products 1-2-3-4-5-6 namely colonial 6P, Carolina 5P, Napoleon, GD-1L, SP-2P, and GD-D456. The company reschedules to minimize the makespan using the ant colony algorithm and compares the results of the scheduling with the FCFS method. The order of product process using the ant colony algorithm are jobs 1-6-4-3-5-2 followed by colonial 6P, GD-D456, GD-1L, Napoleon, SP-2P and Carolina 5P with lower makespan values of 2500 hours. The results of the actual method using FCFS and the proposed method using the ant colony algorithm comparison shows an efficiency value of 3,057%.
Evaluation of total productive maintenance implementation in manufacture
Authors: Rizkya I , Sari R M , Syahputri K , Tarigan U
Published: April 2021

This paper describes an evaluation of the Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) implementation. The evaluation is done by comparing the results of the application using the 5S foundation and the eight pillars of TPM with the company’s achievement goal of 80%. 5S foundation includes Sort, Set in Order, Shine, Standardize, and Sustain. TPM method consist of eight pillars are include Autonomous Maintenance, Focussed Maintenance, Planned Maintenance, Quality Management, Education and Training, Safety, TPM offices, and Development Management. The evaluation of the TPM implementation is carried out using the nominal group technique method. The group consists of 10 managers, and supervisors are directly involved in implementing 5S on the production floor. The assessment results obtained on the 5S foundation application of 82%, Autonomous Maintenance of 83%, Focussed Maintenance of 75%, Planned Maintenance of 80%, Quality Management of 84%, Education and Training of 88%, Safety, Health & Environment of 78%, TPM office of 73%, and Development Management of 75%.
Implementation of 5S methodology in warehouse: A case study
Authors: Rizkya I , Sari R M , Syahputri K , Fadhilah N
Published: April 2021

Warehouse functions to store products and provide information about the conditions of inventory stored in warehouse, so that it easy access to anyone needed. This paper describes the assessment and application of the 5S work culture in the warehouse area. The 5S is a concept proven able to eliminate waste. One of the Oil Packaging Industries has a low spare part area and is not well maintained. As a result, there are problems such as damage spare parts, which require special handling in storage, due to crushed by metal materials. Besides that, the warehouse area looks dirty, unorganized, has no clear storage boundary, and items are not stored in the right place. As a result, it isn’t easy to find the things you need. The assessment is carried out on the warehouse area based on the 5S criteria. The development of the evaluation shows a score of 1,82. It means that the 5S application in the warehouse area is more suitable with the actual concept. So it is necessary to improve by the 5S implementation principles, namely Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, and Shitsuke.
Designing and building an information system for food distributor companies
Authors: Hasugian Ivo Andika , Vandrick  , Dewi Evita , Inggrid Fionna
Published: April 2021

Business developments demanded food distributor XYZ Company to change the management of data from manually recording to computerized. Company information data is stored on the computer so that the company can manage data effectively and quickly. The analysis is conducted on the company’s data flow system and is depicted with the Data Flow Diagram. The data object relationships in the company are pointed through the Entity Relationship Diagram. The development of programming applications for companies is done on Windows platforms based on visuals and graphics. Identification of the registration of goods in the company’s old system and presented with images and proposals covering the performance, information, economy, control, efficiency, and service sections of the company’s old systems. The expected result of this research is that companies can obtain a more convenient data recording system, reduce errors in the data recording process. This application is expected to facilitate the reprocessing of sales and purchase data at food distributor companies.
The methodology of aggregate planning on lamp production based on transportation model
Authors: Rizkya I , Sari R M , Syahputri K , Siregar I
Published: April 2021

Production planning is an activity related to determining what to produce, how many to make, and what resources are needed to get a product determination. The problem faced by an industry makes lamp is the delay in orders leads time, lack of production capacity. This because the company only consider the regular capacity and overtime without other strategies consideration. This paper will look for a strategy combination to minimize production costs. The land transportation model is used to compile an aggregate plan that will considers regular ability, overtime, inventory, and subcontract. The total production cost for the next six months is IDR 218.046.000. By adding a source of demand order through a subcontract, the company does not experience loss sales twice and does not bear the cost of lost sales of IDR 15.540.000.
Consumers affection analysis of chocolate product using Kansei Engineering
Authors: Wahyuni Dini , Sembiring Meilita Tryana , Hadi M. Zaky , Budiman Irwan , Fan Kevin , Adhinata Kevin , Nasution Harmein
Published: April 2021

Research on consumer affection is done to chocolate bar product. Every consumer has different comments on a product depending on the taste experience they once had, known as Kansei words. In this research, consumer’s Kansei was captured through interviews and social media, also identified by consumer temperament type using Temperament application. The results showed that more complete of consumer affection, detail and technical to become design elements, obtained through interviews while the use of social media is able to reach more comprehensive respondent. Temperament types need to be considered in product design to be more suitable with the wishes of consumers.
The effect of industrial waste on the water quality of Padang River in the industrial area of Tebing Tinggi
Authors: Irvan  , Rajagukguk Y , Wahyuningsih H , Nabilah Y
Published: April 2021

Padang River is one of the rivers in Tebing Tinggi Municipality which is used as a source of raw water used by local water supply company (LWSC) Tirta Bulian, Tebing Tinggi. This river flows through residential areas, factories and sand dredging. With this activity, the waste is immediately disposed of into the water body, causing a negative impact on the quality of its waters. This study aims to analyze the quality of Padang River water in the industrial segment as a result of the influence of the pollution load by industrial wastewater with indicators of BOD, COD, TSS, DO, temperature and pH. The research method used descriptive analysis with a quantitative approach to the condition of river water quality. Wastewater generated from the activities of the three industries contributed to the potential actual pollution load of the Padang River in the form of BOD, COD and TSS values of 6.9 kg/day, 19.19 kg/day and 6.11 kg/day, respectively. The existence of a fairly large difference in discharge between the rainy and dry seasons also affects the water quality of the Padang River. In general, water quality during the rainy season is better than during the dry season.
A review: Hybrid model simulation in representing forestry conditions
Authors: Sembiring Nurhayati , Napitupulu Humala Lodewijk , Sembiring Meilita Tryana , Sipahutar Aulia Ishak
Published: April 2021

The forestry and plantation system is an integration of several very complex and dynamic sub-systems. The integration is created due to the interaction of several factors that can affect the productivity of forestry and plantations. The method used in research is to analyze the prior literature that has been selected for discussion and evaluation. Every previous research result will be collected and studied, analyzed, determined, and finally evaluated to get the necessary conclusions. The results of the analysis and evaluation of the research show that the hybrid simulation model can to represent various factors that affect the productivity of forestry and plantations. So it can be concluded that the hybrid simulation method helps the management of forestry and plantations in understanding the processes and interactions between sub-systems that occur within the forest and garden systems studied by observing the many influential variable inputs.
Effect number of blades on the performance of h-Darrieus wind turbine with NACA 0018 air foil
Authors: Sibagariang Yogie P , Hamdani Wahyu , Kishinami Koki , Ambarita Himsar
Published: April 2021

Wind energy is renewable energy and can be used as an alternative energy source. To harvest wind energy, wind turbines are used. The low power coefficient of the vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) is one of its drawbacks. To overcome this, numerical research was carried out using a variation of the blade on NACA 0018. CFD-Fluent use in this research with turbulent model k – epsilon. The number of blades 3, 4, 5, and 6 each tested at a tip speed ratio of 1.8. The result of the simulation is plotted and discussed as contour velocity, the maximum power coefficient obtained at the number blades 5 is 0.589.
Analysis of biomass energy in wasted fruit bunches and palm skins
Authors: Immanuel Sibarani Michael Fritz , Siregarl Yulianta , Suherman
Published: April 2021

The biomass energy has advantages, such as low-cost production, friendly electricity supply, no damage to the ecosystem, and efficient. Base on the advantage, we have focus research discusses the energy of the palm oil factory and waste fruit bunches. The kernel bark from palm oil to be the biomass energy source, and then to fill the shortage of electrical energy sources. The Biomass uses a combustion process to produces hot steam, so it drives the steam turbine and generates electrical energy. The fresh fruit bunches and palm kernel shells are resized and the water content made dried in the biomass is reduced. Furthermore, the biomass is fed into the boiler and produces electrical energy for generates a power unit. The energy produced varies depending on the size of the biomass and the biomass drying process. The deficiency of electrical energy can be added from biomass energy to supply electrical energy.
Economic analysis of biomass briquettes from septic tank
Authors: Irvan  , Lubis M F , Matondang N , Nabilah Y
Published: April 2021

The aim of this research is to utilize slack waste into charcoal briquettes as an environmentally friendly alternative energy and minimize slack waste. The process for making briquettes is by adding polyacrylamide type adhesives with a variation of the material: adhesive ratio of 5:2 and 2:1 respectively on the slack charcoal that has been crushed, then formed into a cylinder with a press tool with pressure 85 and 105 kg/cm2. Furthermore, drying is done in an oven with a temperature of 150°C with a variation of 1.5 and 2 hours drying time. From the results of the economic analysis it was found that the business of making stool briquettes with a capacity of 300 kg/day is feasible to run, where from the business a profit of Rp. 547,029,828/year where the Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and Break Event Point (BEP) were Rp. 203,510,791; 21.59%; and 26.08% respectively which requires 24.41 tons of briquettes to be returned in capital in around 11.34 months with an income of Rp. 183,075,000.
Financial analysis of raw material supply chain for power plant using renewable palm biomass
Authors: Hasibuan Sawarni , Adiyatna Hendra , Hidayati Juliza
Published: April 2021

This study aims to determine the level of economics of the capacity of electricity generation and the amount of raw materials required for solid waste of palm oil for the most optimal power plant. The research begins with literature studies related to the characteristics of waste oil, the structure of investment financing, operational costs and renewable energy reference price. The next stage is a field survey to choose the location as a research object, then proceed with processing and analyzing data with financial feasibility methods. Financial feasibility analysis is conducted in the case of East Kalimantan Province. PLN purchase price for East Kalimantan region is around IDR 1,450 per kWh. The result of financial feasibility analysis of the project on the 10% discount factor assumption (IDR), capital cost 2,300 USD/kW obtained NPV of IDR 329.154.609.386, IRR value of 21.57%, investment rate of 5.15 years, and generating cost of IDR 521, 41 or 3.89 cent USD/kWh. Next is the sensitivity analysis of power plant projects from renewable raw materials to changes in capital cost, O/M cost, calorific value and price of raw materials of palm oil, electricity purchase price and capital composition.
The performance conductivity of Fe/graphene nanosheet as anode of battery
Authors: Aritonang Sri Pratiwi , Siburian Rikson , Tamrin  , Ali A M M
Published: April 2021

Research on performance conductivity of iron (Fe)/graphene nanosheet (GNS) as anode of batteries was carried out. This research uses an experimental laboratory method. This research aim to synthesize anode material on battery and to evaluate performance of GNS and Fe/GNS as a support material and a candidate of electrode on battery anode, respectively. GNS was synthesized by using modified Hummer’s method and Fe/GNS was prepared with impregnation method. These materials were characterized by using XRD and conductometer, respectively. The data of XRD shows a weak and broad peak on GNS (2θ = 26.0°) indicating GNS was synthesized well and on 2θ = 44.03° indicating that the Fe was deposited inside of the graphene nanosheet. The conductivity data showed that Fe 3.86%/GNS has the highest electric conductivity of Fe (102.333μS/cm) among to graphite and commercial battery anodes. Fe 5.04%/GNS has the lowest electric conductivity. Based on those data, GNS and Fe/GNS are potentially be used as an anode on battery.
Carboxymethyl cellulose synthesis from durian seed flour: The effect of sodium chloroacetate variation
Authors: Ginting MHS , Utama A , Muhammad H , Maulida  , Tambun R
Published: April 2021

Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) is cellulose derivate that is soluble in water, CMC is synthesized by reacting cellulose with sodium hydroxide and chloroacetate acid or its salt. This study purpose is to see the effect of sodium chloroacetate salt in carboxymethylation reaction to the CMC degree of substitution. To test the quality of the CMC product, the analysis that is conducted in this study are: degree of substitution analysis as written in ASTM D 1439, FTIR, and SEM-EDX. The best result that is got from this study is producing the CMC with degree of substitutions of 0.42 with addition of 3 gr sodium chloroacetate salt.
Simulation of natural drying kinetics model of carrot (Daucus carota L.) on shape variation: Research from home
Authors: Haryanto B , Sinuhaji T R F , Tarigan E , Bukit R Br
Published: April 2021

One of the consequences of the coronavirus pandemic in 2020 is the constraints of research activities at university laboratories. All kinds of activities must be limited including educational, teaching and research. At this time, there are some studies that can be done around the house or research from home. One of operation module is research on natural drying that can be done while at home where this research is very simple and only requires modest equipment. This research uses carrot samples with shapes variation. The aim of this study is to investigate the natural drying kinetics in carrot samples.
The Effect of Betel (piper betle) leaf extract as antimicrobial agent on characteristics of bioplastic based on sago starch
Authors: Nasution Halimatuddahliana , Wulandari Gita
Published: April 2021

Betel leaf extract contains many phenolic compound such as tannin and flavonoid which have antibacterial and antifungal properties. This study aims to investigate the effect of betel leaf extract addition in bioplastic based on sago starch (Metroxylon sp.) which includes density, water absorption, functional group characterization and antimicrobial activity. The betel leaf was extracted by using the ultrasonication method with ethanol as a solvent. Then betel leaf concentrated extract is diluted using aquadest with a concentration of 2 g/100 mL (2%) to be applied as an antimicrobial agent in bioplastics. The compositions of betel leaf extract as antimicrobials were varied in bioplastics making. The results show the highest density was 1.448 g/cm3 indicated by the variation of 9% betel leaf extract. The highest water absorption percentage was shown by sample without betel leaf extract addition (0% betel leaf extract), which was 75.56%. The antibacterial activity showed that the addition of betel leaf extract to bioplastics was able to inhibit the activity of bacteria (Bacillus cereus). The best inhibition were shown in bioplastics with a variation with 9% betel leaf extract addition. However, all variation did not show their inhibition with fungal activity (Aspergillus niger).
Characteristics of bioplastics based on sago starch contain betel (piper betle) leaf extract: Effect of glycerol as plasticizer
Authors: Nasution H. , Wulandari G.
Published: April 2021

The presence of glycerol as plasticizer can improve elasticity of bioplastic. Betel (Piper betle) leaf extract contains tannin and flavonoid which both of them take a role in antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal. This study aims to investigate the effect of various glycerol as addition in bioplastic based on sago starch (Metroxylon sp.) which includes density, water absorption, and antimicrobial activity. The betel leaf extract is also added in the bioplastic to help the antimicrobial activity. The betel leaf extraction process used the ultrasonication method for 30 minutes using ethanol as a solvent. The betel leaf concentrated extract then is diluted using aquadest with a concentration of 2 g/100 mL (2%) to be applied as an antimicrobial agent in bioplastics. The results show the highest density was 1.515 g/cm3 indicated by the variation of 30% glycerol. The highest water absorption percentage was shown by samples with 30% glycerol addition which was 75,62%. The antibacterial activity showed that the addition of glycerol to bioplastics was able to inhibit the activity of bacteria (Bacillus cereus) with the best inhibition results were shown in variation with 20% glycerol. However, all variation did not show their inhibition with fungal activity (Aspergillus niger).
Reduction of organophosphate insecticide residues in agricultural product using hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents based DL-Menthol
Authors: Manurung R , Daely A Try Iddo
Published: April 2021

Agricultural products, such as tomatoe, still contain insecticide residues that are harmful to humans as well as the environment. The commonly used insecticide is the organophosphate, where the residue are poisonous to the plant environment even to humans. Hydrophobic Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) is a new generation of nonpolar solvent from ionic solvents because it has better physical properties and solvent properties for the extraction process. In this study, DES was synthesized at 50 °C for 15 minutes with a stirring speed of 300 rpm and a molar ratio of Dl-mentol: lauric acid varied from 1: 1, 2: 1, and 3: 1. Tomatoe from agricultural product, washed with DES mixed with 200 ml aquadest and washed with running water. DES characteristics are analyzing the shape and measuring freezing point, density and viscosity. The concentration of pesticide residues was analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS). Dimethoate insecticide removal is better using hydrophobic DES with a molar ratio of 3: 1, while the insecticide residue can be accessed reaching 46.25%. And for the Chlorpyrifos and Profenophos insecticide is better to use water, while the Chlorpyrifos and Profenophos insecticide residues can be reduced to reach 25.87% and 75.40%.
A preliminary study of corn cobs-clam shell (CCCS) biobattery
Authors: Sarah M , Hasibuan K A
Published: April 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) electrolyte on the conductivity value of electrolyte paste and electrical properties of batteries such as voltage, current and power generated. The electrolyte paste in this study was prepared by mixing corn cobs powder as sources of cellulose. PVA as gelling agent, and HCl as catalyst. The best conductivity value obtained from a mixture of CaCO3electrolyte of 0.5:1 (w/v) with addition of 0.5 grams of corn cobs powder and 1 gram of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The best result of electrical properties obtained from electrolyte paste with ratio approximately 0.5:1 (w/v). Overall electrical properties resulted from this study meet properties of commercial battery.