bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tingkat Keterampilan Teknik Dasar Passing, Shooting, Dribbling Bola Basket Siswa Ekstrakurikuler
Authors: Wibisono Anang Agung , Wahyudi Usman , Fitriady Gema , Januarto Oni Bagus
Published: August 2023

Abstract: Every student can master the game of basketball by learning the fundamental techniques of this sport well. Therefore, a study was conducted which aimed to obtain and find out information about the fundamental technical abilities of passing, shooting, and dribbling to 30 students of Junior High School 4 Malang participating in basketball extracurricular activities. This research design was in the form of quantitative descriptive research method with test and measurement data collection techniques using survey method. Through the observation with indicators of passing, dribbling, and shooting basketball skills as a collecting data guide in this study. This study show that the basic technical skills of passing, shooting, dribbling of male and female extracurricular basketball students at Junior High School 4 Malang are in the good category.

Abstrak: Setiap siswa dapat menguasai permainan bola basket dengan mempelajari teknik dasar agar dapat memainkan olahraga ini dengan baik, sehingga dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk memperoleh dan mengetahui informasi kemampuan teknik dasar passing, shooting, dribbling terhadap 30 siswa-siswi SMP Negeri 4 Malang yang mengikuti ekstrakurikuler bola basket. Rancangan penelitian ini berbentuk deskriptif kuantitatif dengan teknik pengambilan data tes dan pengukuran yang memakai metode survei. Melalui metode observasi dengan indikator-indikator penilaian keterampilan passing, dribbling, dan shooting bola basket dapat dijadikan sebagai pedoman dalam pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keterampilan teknik dasar passing, shooting, dribbling siswa putra dan putri ekstrakurikuler bola basket SMP Negeri 4 Malang masuk ke dalam kategori baik.
Hubungan Faktor Predisposing, Enabling, Reinforcing terhadap Pelaksanaan Program Promosi Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak di Pondok Kesehatan Desa Gambiran Kabupaten Tulungagung
Authors: Utami Winda Anggun , Redjeki Endang Sri , Rachmawati Windi Chusniah , Gayatri Rara Warih
Published: August 2023

Abstract: Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) in Indonesia is 4,627 deaths and under-five mortality is 28,158 deaths in 2020. Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) and Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) are included in the scope of Maternal and Child Health (MCH), which is an indicator of successfuless health promotion programs where the implementation of MCH health promotion programs is inseparable from the factors related to the implementation of the program. This study aims to determine the relationship between Lawrence Green’s behavioral theory, namely predisposing factors, enabling factors, and reinforcing factors on the implementation of mothers and child health promotion programs at Ponkesdes Gambiran, Tulungagung Regency. This research is a descriptive quantitative research using a survey method with cross-sectional research design. The research subjects were 100 respondents. The chi-square test was used to analyze the data in this study. The result of data analysis shows that there is a significant relationship between predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors with the implementation of mothers and child health promotion programs, with details: (1) knowledge with health promotion programs (2) facilities and infrastructure with health promotion programs (3) distance to health care facilities with health promotion programs, and (4) attitude of health workers with health promotion programs.

Abstrak: Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) di Indonesia adalah 4.627 kematian dan kematian balita adalah 28.158 kematian pada tahun 2020. Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) dan Angka Kematian Bayi (AKB) termasuk kedalam ruang lingkup Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak (KIA), yang merupakan indikator keberhasilan program promosi kesehatan dimana pelaksanaan program promosi kesehatan KIA tidak terlepas dari faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan implementasi program tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan guna mengetahui adanya hubungan antara teori perilaku Lawrence Green yaitu predisposing factor, enabling factor, dan reinforcing factor terhadap implementasi program promosi kesehatan ibu dan anak di Ponkesdes Gambiran Kabupaten Tulungagung. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif menggunakan metode survey dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 100 responden. Uji chi square digunakan untuk menganalisa data dalam penelitian ini. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan antara faktor predisposing, enabling, reinforcing dengan pelaksanaan program promosi kesehatan ibu dan anak, dengan rincian: (1) pengetahuan dengan program promosi kesehatan (2) fasilitas dan prasarana dengan program promosi kesehatan (3) jarak dengan program promosi kesehatan, dan (4) sikap petugas kesehatan dengan program promosi kesehatan.
Studi Kondisi Fisik Pada Pemain Sepak Bola Putri Sinarmas FC
Authors: Prayoga Galih Hadi , Supriyadi Supriyadi , Andiana Olivia , Abdullah Ahmad
Published: August 2023

Abstract: This research is motivated by phenomena in the field that lead to the results of the performance of football athletes being less than optimal due to the lack of measurement of physical conditions on the field. Physical condition as an important element in the success of a team playing a satisfying game needs to be an important concern for both the athlete and the coach. The purpose of this study was to measure the physical condition of Sinarmas FC female soccer players from five types of test tests including strength tests, flexibility tests, agility tests, 60 meters running speed tests and heart and lung endurance tests. The research method used is a test survey method with a quantitative approach. Data collection techniques were obtained by conducting tests on players with five types of tests, namely agility tests, flexibility tests, strength tests, 60 meters running speed tests and endurance tests. The results showed that the survey of the physical condition of Sinarmas FC women's soccer players seen from the 60meter running speed test was in the moderate category, the flexibility test of Sinarmas FC's women's soccer players was in the same two categories, namely very good and poor. In the strength test, it was categorized in the medium category and in the agility category, Sinarmas FC's female soccer players were in the less category. Heart and lung endurance tests, Sinarmas FC football players are in the poor category.

Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh fenomena di lapangan yang mengarah pada hasil performa atlet sepakbola yang kurang maksimal karena kurangnya pengukuran kondisi fisik di lapangan. Kondisi fisik sebagai salah satu unsur penting kesuksesan sebuah tim melakukan permainan yang memuaskan perlu menjadi perhatian penting bagi atlet itu sendiri maupun pelatih. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengukur seberapa besar kondisi fisik pemain sepakbola putri Sinarmas FC dari lima jenis uji tes meliputi tes kekuatan, tes kelentukan, tes kelincahan, tes kecepatan lari 60meter dan tes daya tahan jantung dan paru-paru. Metode penelitian yang digunakan merupakan metode survei tes dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data diperoleh dengan melakukan tes pada pemain dengan lima jenis uji berupa tes kelincahan, tes kelentukan, tes kekuatan, tes kecepatan lari 60meter dan tes daya tahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa survei kondisi fisik pemain sepakbola putri Sinarmas FC dilihat dari tes kecepatan lari 60meter berada pada kategori sedang, uji tes kelentukan pemain sepakbola putri Sinarmas FC berada pada dua kategori yang sama yakni baik sekali dan kurang. Pada uji tes kekuatan dikategorikan pada kategori sedang dan pada kategori kelincahan, pemain sepakbola putri Sinarmas FC berada pada kategori kurang. Tes daya tahan jantung dan paru-paru, pemain sepakbola Sinarmas FC berada pada kategori kurang.
Burden, maternal risk factors, and fetal outcomes in twin pregnancies: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Banga Siftie , Naagar Jagrati K. , Patel Priyanka , Hajela Shalini , Mishra Nitu , Saad Talha
Published: August 2023

Background: Twin pregnancies present significant challenges for obstetricians worldwide. Although they account for a relatively small percentage of global births, their occurrence varies across different regions. The increasing utilization of assisted reproduction techniques and the advancing maternal age contribute to the growing incidence of twin pregnancies. As a result, it is essential to understand the implications and risks associated with multiple gestations. The objective was to determine the burden of twin pregnancies, identify maternal risk factors, assess fetal outcomes, and explore potential associations between these factors.
Methods: Data were collected from hospital records, including information on maternal age, parity, method of conception, gestational age, pregestational body mass index (BMI), and family history. Maternal and fetal complications, mode of delivery, and high-risk conditions in the fetuses were documented. Statistical analysis was performed using the Fisher-exact test.
Results: The study included 78 twin pregnancies. The majority of women (78.2%) fell within the age range of 21-30 years. The majority of women (70.5%) had a normal pregestational BMI. Preterm births occurred in 24.3% of twin pregnancies. Hypertensive disorders (24.0%) and foetal malpresentation (38.0%) were common indications for cesarean section. Fetal complications included intrauterine growth restriction (11.5%), birth weight discordance (25.0%), early neonatal deaths (14.7%), and low APGAR scores (16.0%).
Conclusions: Twin pregnancies present challenges due to the increased risks of maternal complications, preterm birth, and adverse fetal outcomes. The study emphasizes the need for careful management and monitoring of twin pregnancies to improve outcomes.
An interesting case of anhidrosis
Authors: K. Shraddha Kedlaya , A. Gunasekaran , Veeramalai Ravikumar , P. Lenin Sankar , Subramanian Sivakumar , Ramesh Sindhu Belavadi , Duraisamy Laksheeba
Published: August 2023

Ross syndrome is a rare syndrome of autonomic dysfunction which is characterized by segmental hypohidrosis/ anhidrosis, Adie tonic pupil and hyporeflexia/areflexia. Exact etiology is not known. It was first described in 1958 and approximately 50 cases have been described so far globally. We hereby report a case of segmental anhidrosis of left face, left upper limb and left side of chest with 3-year duration in a 26-year-old man who also had Adie’s tonic pupil in right eye and global areflexia on examination.
A study of iron status in children with cyanotic congenital heart disease
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Sudipta , A. Bhuvaneswari , Sridhar Anuradha
Published: August 2023

Background: Iron deficiency is a common problem in patients with cyanotic congenital heart disease (CCHD), but it is often underdiagnosed. Cyanotic patients with iron deficiency will experience higher morbidity due to symptoms of hyper viscosity. The consequences of iron deficiency anemia in cyanotic heart disease may manifest either in infancy or later. The tendency to develop metabolic acidosis and hyper-cyanotic attacks is exacerbated by relative iron deficiency anemia. This study was performed to identify the prevalence of iron deficiency in children with CCHD based on definitive tests like serum ferritin.
Methods: We included 100 patients with congenital cyanotic heart diseases between 3 months to 18 years. Baseline characteristics were noted in specific proforma. Data from the blood tests were collected and analysed statistically to find out the prevalence of iron deficiency, along with tests that best predict the presence of iron deficiency. 
Results: Serum ferritin-based prevalence of iron deficiency in CCHD was 46%. Iron status based on haemoglobin, MCV values with the serum ferritin, and the strength of agreement were almost perfect. The strength of agreement for PCV, MCH, RDW, and peripheral smear was substantially significant. The strength of agreement for MCHC was moderate significance (Kappa value 0.41-0.60). Red cell distribution width (RDW) was an independent predictor of iron deficiency in logistic regression analysis.
Conclusions: RDW seems to be a good indicator for predicting iron deficiency in children with congenital cyanotic heart diseases.
A comparative review one-stage and two-stage dental implants
Authors: Alfaer Ali S. , Alharbi Nouf Y. , Alsulami Atheer A. , Alharthi Saad M. , Modahi Fawaz H. , Modahi Nayif H. , Himdi Ahmed T. , Almanidi Noor Y. , Aljuaid Majed K. , Yankasar Rawan A. , Al Hutaylah Hussain A.
Published: August 2023

Dental implants have been used as an effective treatment for missing teeth. Dental implantology has a long history that reaches back to ancient times when attempts were made to replace missing teeth with various materials. Modern dental implants are designed to osseointegrate, where the implant fixture fuses with the jawbone. The surgical procedure involves placing the implant, followed by the adaptation of the surrounding tissue. There are two main surgical techniques: one-stage surgery and two-stage surgery. One-stage surgery involves placing the implant and allowing a healing abutment to protrude through the gums. This eliminates the need for a second surgery but carries the risk of overloading the implant during the healing phase. Two-stage surgery is the standard approach, where the implant is initially submerged, and a second surgery is performed to connect the abutment. The choice between one-stage and two-stage surgery depends on many factors, including bone quality, clinical parameters, and aesthetic considerations. One-stage surgery offers quick aesthetics but can pose a higher risk of implant failure due to early loading. Two-stage surgery provides a higher success rate but requires two surgical procedures.
Pattern of alcohol consumption among alcohol consumers in a rural area of Tamil Nadu: a community based descriptive cross-sectional study
Authors: Nityanandam Munish
Published: August 2023

Background: Alcohol consumption is the world’s third largest risk factor for disease and disability; in middle- income countries, it is the greatest risk. Alcohol is attributed to nearly 3.2% of all deaths and results in a loss of 4% of total DALYs. Aim and objectives were to study the pattern of alcohol consumption among alcohol consumers and to assess the factors influencing it among them.
Methods: This study was conducted in the Milaganoor village in south Tamil Nadu with alcohol habit; All male with alcohol consuming habit above 13 years of age were included in the study and none were excluded from the study. The data was using a semi structured questionnaire. The data collected were consolidated and analyzed using SPSS software; The descriptive statistics were used in the study.
Results: In study there were 1200 male and 1500 female. In only 900 males were with alcohol habit; 62.2% of male alcoholics illiterate; While seeing source of alcohol 94.4% of alcoholics taking alcohol in TASMAC without bar; 61.1% taking quarter amount of alcohol; 94.4% of alcoholic drink alcohol for fun; 27.7% for peer pressure; 46.6% drink alcohol to forget worries; 83.3% drink alcohol to relieve stress; 66.6% drink to get rid of withdrawal symptoms.
Conclusions: It can be concluded that early age of onset and peer pressure are the alarming challenges for the eradication of this social evil. Low education and having a family history of alcohol use are more at risk to it. Health education is the most required intervention to reduce the burden of alcohol use.
The Mediating Role of Assertiveness in the Association between Family Communication Patterns and Relationships with the Opposite Sex among Adolescent Girls
Authors: Atefifar Samira , Asadi Younesi Mohammad Reza , Pakdaman Majid
Published: August 2023

Background: Considering the expansion of friendship between boys and girls during adolescence as abnormal behavior in our society and the important role of communication patterns in the family, it is important to investigate the effect of mediating variables on this social phenomenon.
Objectives: The present research has investigated the model of communication with the opposite sex among teenage girls in Birjand city under the influence of communication patterns in the family and the mediating variable of assertiveness.
Methods: This is a correlational study. The sample size was 360 female students of Birjand city. The sampling method was multi-stage cluster random sampling. The data collection tool was a set of questionnaires. We use correlational analysis methods and Structural Equation Model to interpret data.
Results: The fitted model showed that family communication patterns have a significant effect on the relationship with the opposite sex through mediating variables.
Conclusions: The communication pattern of dialogue alone does not play a role in the relationship with the opposite sex, but with increasing assertiveness; it decreases the relationship with the opposite sex.
Evaluation of the Overall Quality of the Health Technology Assessment Educational Program from the Perspectives of University Professors and Learners in Iran
Authors: Ghorrabi Ahmad Tahmasebi , Heydari Majid , Choobdarnezhad Masoomeh , Dahim Alireza , Heydarifard Zahra
Published: August 2023

Background: Failure to evaluate, examine, and assess the requirements and determine the quality level of the educational program of educational fields will result in low-quality and obsolete curricula. It will prevent the academic areas from achieving their goals.
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the overall quality level of the health technology assessment (HTA) educational program from the perspectives of university professors and students.
Methods: The study was conducted with 127 university professors, students, and HTA graduates at Tehran, Iran, Kerman, and Yazd Universities of Medical Sciences. A researcher-made questionnaire did the data collection. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the entire questionnaire was 91%, and the intra-domain correlation coefficient was 87%, indicating that the instrument was appropriate. The data were analyzed with descriptive and analytical tests based on their normality or non-normality using Kruskal-Wallis and Friedman test and ANOVA or two-way ANOVA.
Results: This research was completed by 114 out of 127 participants. According to a review of diverse perspectives, the quality of the educational program in terms of design elements in special courses and executive elements in compensatory courses was within the range of average (1.66< mean <2.32) and renege of favorable (mean>2.32). In addition, the majority of executive elements from special courses and design elements from compensatory classes were in an unfavorable position, with a (1.66> mean) the average position (1.66< mean <2.32)
Conclusions: Problems and inadequacies were observed in a few educational program implementation elements. Therefore, modifications should be made to remedy the inappropriate details and remove implementation obstacles to enhance the interested groups’ capability and practical skills.
Involvement Value of FLT-3, c-Myc, STAT3, p27, and HOTAIR Gene Expression in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients: A Molecular Perspective to a Novel Leukemogenesis Mechanism
Authors: Shagerdi Esmaeli Naser , Asadi Shahin , Bashash Davood , Salari Sina , Hamidpour Mohsen
Published: August 2023

Background: The identification of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has marked a new era in the molecular understating of the disease. This study investigated the correlation between the changes in the expression of lncRNAs, including HOTAIR, PVT-1, and CRNDE, and the alteration in the expression profile of FLT-3, c-Myc, STAT3, STAT5, and p27 in AML patients.
Materials and Methods: Blood samples were collected from forty-one newly diagnosed AML patients and ten healthy individuals to evaluate the expression levels of the study genes using qRT-PCR analysis. The probable correlation between the gene expressions was determined using Pearson’s correlation test.
Results: The results showed that while there was a significant elevation in the expression of FLT3, c-Myc, STAT3, and HOTAIR, p27 expression remarkably diminished in AML patients compared to the control group. Also, a correlation was found between the expression of FLT-3 and p27 and the expression of HOTAIR and STAT3. It was assumed that FLT-3 had a role in increasing the proliferative and survival capacity of AML cells, at least partly, through c-Myc-mediated suppression of p27. Moreover, lncRNA HOTAIR showed to be involved in leukemia proliferation assumably by enhancing the expression of STAT3.
Conclusion: Overall, the results of gene profile analysis suggested that studying the expression of HOTAIR, FLT-3, c-Myc, STAT3, and p27 could be helpful to AML patients, and each of these genes could be a valuable target for pharmaceutic intervention.
The Effect of the Persian Gulf Jellyfish (Cassiopea andromeda) Venom on the Expression of P15, P21, P53, DNMT1, and Bcl-2 in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Jurkat Cells
Authors: Dehghani Reza , Amrooni Ali , Hosseinpour-Soleimani Fatemeh , Mohebbi Gholamhossein , Obeidi Narges
Published: August 2023

Background: One of the acute hematologic malignancies is acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), which is formed in B or T lymphocyte stem cells. Regarding the increasing tendency to herbal and marine studies, and on the other hand, the characteristics of Cassiopea andromeda Venom remain unclear, this study was performed to determine its effects on Jurkat cells as a model for T-ALL.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, the cells were treated with a variety of concentrations of Cassiopea andromeda venom at different periods and times. Growth inhibition and toxic effects of Cassiopea andromeda Venom were evaluated by methyl thiazole tetrazolium salt reduction (MTT test). The flow cytometry analysis was carried out using 7-aminoactinomycin D (7AAD) and Annexin V stains for evaluating this venom’s effect on apoptotic pathways. Besides, Real-Time PCR was performed to evaluate the relative gene expression.
Results: Cassiopea andromeda venom inhibited the growth of Jurkat cells in a concentration- and time manner. Jurkat cell growth was inhibited by 48.9%, after 72 hours of treatment with 250µg/mL Cassiopea andromeda venom. This venom increased the apoptotic process through the upregulation of p15INK4b and P53 proteins and downregulation of Bcl-2, p21 WAF1/CIP1, and DNMT1 in the Jurkat cell line.
Conclusion: Considering the growth inhibitory property of Cassiopea andromeda Venom, we recommend it as a part of combinational medication for treating ALL in animal trials and for other leukemias in vitro studies.
Prevalence of Androgen Receptor in Invasive Breast Cancer and Its Association with Clinicopathologic Features in East Azarbaijan Province of Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Nikanfar Alireza , Nikanfar Mahsa , Fakhrjou Ashraf
Published: August 2023

Background: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in females. Accordingly, the evaluation of new prognostic markers and therapeutic targets is of vital importance. Here, we aimed to detect androgen receptor (AR) status and define its association with clinicopathologic parameters in patients with invasive breast cancer.
Materials and Methods: In this study, AR status was studied in 104 patients with invasive breast carcinoma by immunohistochemistry. Besides, its association with clinicopathologic factors, i.e., age, menopausal status, tumor size, lymph node involvement, tumor stage, tumor grade and estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), Her2/neu, Ki-67and P53 were investigated.
Results: AR was positive in 84 patients (80.8%), and its expression in ER-positive (85.7%) and PR-positive (85.6%) patients were remarkably higher than in ER-negative (46.2%) and PR-negative (50%) patients (p= 0.001 and p=0.002, respectively). AR expression was noticeably lower in Her2/neu positive (25%) patients compared to Her2/neu negative (87.9%) ones (p=0.000). AR expression was also higher in patients with smaller, earlier stage, and low mitotically active tumors, but the association was not statistically significant.
Conclusion: The expression of AR in patients with breast cancer was found to be high and its association with ER-positive, PR-positive, and HER2/neu-negative tumors was found to be significant. In that light, this receptor may play an important role in the determination of prognosis and targeted therapy in breast cancer.
Association of High Serum Leptin Level with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Refahi Roya , Heidari Zahra , Mashhadi Mohammadali
Published: August 2023

Background: Recently, the prevalence of thyroid cancer has increased. Although there are known risk factors for thyroid cancer, none of them can justify this recent increase. In addition to the known risk factors, other risk factors have been proposed. Leptin can be considered as one of these risk factors due to the recent increase in the prevalence of obesity in the population. Leptin is a common factor in obesity and thyroid cancer. Leptin exerts anti-apoptotic and mitogenic effects on cancer cells and also acts as an angiogenic factor. This study aimed to evaluate the serum leptin level in individuals who suffer from papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), cases with benign thyroid nodules (BTN), and a healthy group.
Materials and Methods: In this study, newly diagnosed patients with PTC, BTNs, as well as euthyroid healthy control subjects without nodules were included. In all these participants, various clinical and laboratory parameters including thyroid function tests and serum leptin levels were measured and compared between the three study groups. For patients with PTC, leptin was assessed 12 weeks after total thyroidectomy.
Results: Ninety-one cases with PTC, 90 cases with BTNs, and 88 controls were recruited. Serum leptin levels in the PTC group, benign group, and the control group were 22.34, 17.60, and 13.83 ng/ml, respectively, which was considerably higher in PTC cases compared to those with benign nodules and control group (P<0.001). There was a significant association between leptin with BMI, tumor size, and tumor stage in PTC patients. Also, in patients with BTNs, a correlation between BMI, tumor size, and leptin was observed.
Conclusion: Serum leptin levels were considerably higher in cases with PTC than those with BTNs and controls and can be considered as a potential tumor marker for papillary thyroid cancer.
Pernicious Anemia Following COVID-19 Vaccination: A Report of Two Cases
Authors: Soltani Hamidreza , Taghizade Saeb , Sadeghi Abdolrahim , Farahat Ali , Owlia Mohammad Bagher
Published: August 2023

Since December 2019 and the global epidemic of COVID-19 different countries have focused on vaccines, and one of the inactivated produced vaccines was the Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccine. Some side effects of this vaccine were reported previously, including pain at the vaccination site, fatigue, lethargy, headache, and tenderness, which were more prevalent among individuals <49 years old.
Herein, we reported two patients aged 45 and 51 years old. Both patients have different signs and symptoms after receiving the second dose of the vaccine. None had a history of chronic disease. On examination and following labs and other diagnostic investigations, we found megaloblastic anemia due to atrophic gastritis and low intrinsic factor. These cases showed an autoimmune side effect of the Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccine that was previously reported with an exact mechanism but other features called Covid Arm, Guillain-Barré syndrome, and thrombocytopenia. The mechanism of this reaction is unclear yet.
Synthesis, Characteristics and Applications of Graphene Composites: A Survey
Authors: DALAİ Biswajit , PATRA Biswajit , DAS Niharika , SAHOO Ruturaj , SAHOO Dipak Kumar , PARİDA Chhatrapati , DASH Sarat Kumar
Published: August 2023

Graphene is the name for a monolayer sheet of carbon atoms that are bonded together in a repeating pattern of hexagons. This sheet is only one atom thick. Monolayers of graphene stacked on top of each other. In this article, we have compared the characterization results of graphene and graphene oxide along with synthesis via different methods. A sigma bond connects each atom in a graphene sheet to its three closest neighbours and each atom also contributes one electron to a conduction band that covers the entire graphene sheet. Graphene when oxidized is called graphene oxide (GO) and is mostly used in photoelectric, materialistic, catalyst and energy fields due to its thermal, electrical and mechanical characteristics. It is also used in the field of medical science, drug delivery and biomedical applications. Graphene have been improved due to import of 3D printing technology. In last few years, graphene has taken the attention of most material science researchers due to its various applications. Graphene based polymers and nanocomposites are widely used in sensors, optoelectronics, magneto transport, automotive, biosensors, electronics and aerospace fields.
Development of Two Simple Spectrophotometric Methods to Assay Phenylephrine-HCl as Pure Form And in Its Drug Forms
Authors: HAMEED Hanan , ALİ Salim
Published: August 2023

This work includes the development of two spectrophotometric methods which are sensitive, accurate, stable, and has good recovery for the determination of phenylephrine-HCl as free form and in the pharmaceutical preparations. In the method (A), phenylephrine is oxidized by potassium permanganate in a basic solution of sodium hydroxide and the bluish-green color of the resulting manganate (MnO 42- ) is measured at wavelength 610 nm, which is linearly proportional to the amount of phenylephrine-HCl. Method (B), is involved the oxidation of phenylephrine-HCl by using an excess amount of N-bromosuccinimide in an acidic medium of hydrochloric acid solution, the remaining (unreacted) amount of N-bromosuccinimide is used to bleach indigo carmine dye and the absorbance of the blue color of the remaining dye is measured at the wavelength of 610 nm. which is directly proportional to the concentration of phenylephrine-HCl. The molar absorptivity coefficients of methods (A) and (B) are estimated and equal to 1.5722×10 4 and 5.5191×10 4 L/mol.cm, respectively. Beer’s law of the both methods are linear in the concentration ranges 0.2–8.0 µg/mL (method A) and 0.2–3.5 µg/mL (method B). The relative standard deviation values of methods (A) and (B) are also found to be better than 0.0286 and 0.0114, respectively. The two proposed methods are applied to estimate phenylephrine-HCl in injection and drop.
Synthesis and Determination of Acid Dissociation Constants of Bis-Acyl Thiourea Derivatives
Authors: EFEOĞLU Çağla , TİKEN Şit , SARI Hayati , NURAL Yahya
Published: August 2023

N,N'-((dodecane-1,12-diylbis(azanediyl))bis(carbonothioyl))bis(4-nitrobenzamide) 5 and N,N'-((dodecane-1,12-diylbis(azanediyl))bis(carbonothioyl))bis(3-nitrobenzamide) 6 as bis acyl thiourea derivatives were synthesized and their molecular structures were characterized using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, COSY, DEPT, HMQC, FT-IR, and HRMS techniques. The acid dissociation constants (pKa) of the bis-acyl thiourea derivatives 5, 6 were determined potentiometrically and spectrophotometrically. The pKa values of products 5, 6 were determined in 50% (v/v) dimethyl sulfoxide–water hydro-organic solvent in the presence of 0.1 molL1 ionic strength of NaCl and in the acidic medium at 25±0.1 °C, and two pKa values were calculated for each compound with the HYPERQUAD computer program using the data obtained from the potentiometric titrations performed. In addition, three pKa values for each compound were determined in the calculations using the HypSpec program from the data obtained from the spectrophotometric titrations performed under the conditions where the potentiometric titrations were performed. For compounds 5 and 6, spectrophotometrically, pKa1 was 3.56±0.08 and 3.87±0.01, respectively, pKa2 was 7.11±0.08 and 7.05±0.01, respectively, and pKa3 was 12.30±0.08 and 11.82±0.02, respectively. It can be said that pKa1, pKa2, and pKa3 values may belong to enol, enthiol, and NH, respectively. Moreover, for compounds 5 and 6, potentiometrically, pKa2 was 7.06±0.13 and 6.94±0.11, respectively, and pKa3 was 12.11±0.06 and 11.17±0.06, respectively, and it can be said that pKa2 and pKa3 values may belong to enthiol and NH, respectively. It is seen that the pKa values determined spectrophotometrically and potentiometrically are compatible with each other.
The possible effect of light exposure reduction via eye patches after the examination for retinopathy in premature infants? An observational study in preterm neonates
Authors: TUNÇ Gaffari , YALINBAŞ YETER Duygu , KARAGÖZ Feyzanur , TECER Emine Erva , AKKAN Senem , KILIÇBAY Fatih
Published: August 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to examine whether infants with and without eye patches differ in terms of vital signs and clinical status after retinopathy of prematurity examination.
Methods: Premature infants hospitalized in study center between June 2021-April 2022 were included. Group 1 is consisted of infants whose eyes were not closed after retinopathy of prematurity examination. Those infants whose eyes were closed eye-patches consisted of group 2. Vital signs were followed for 24 hours following the examination. Demographic, medical and follow-up data were all recorded prospectively. Vital signs were evaluated in accordance with birth week and weight. Pain score was evaluated by Neonatal Pain, Agitation, and Sedation Scale.
Results: Pain scores were found to be lower in group 2 (p < 0.020). Although the systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and mean blood pressure values of group 2 were found to be lower than group 1, they were within normal limits (all p < 0.05). Vomiting was not observed at all in Group 1 (p = 0.036). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of fever, respiratory rate, heart rate, SpO2, and blood glucose values.
Conclusions: This study showed that using an eye patch in infants after an eye examination reduces pain and increases comfort of infants. Although their pain scores are lower, taking necessary precautions are recommended for these patients in terms of vomiting. Thus, eye patches can be suggested as a non-pharmacological pain-reducing method after get advanced stagnation by the support of more studies with a larger number of participants.
Technology for manufacturing catalytic systems using a pilot line for precious metal recovery
Authors: Fuć Paweł , Sokolnicka-Popis Barbara , Ziółkowski Andrzej , Bednarek Maciej , Jagielski Aleks , Michałowska Anna
Published: August 2023

The subject of the article is the verification on a real scale of the technology for producing a catalytic system of engine exhaust gases with a mass reduction of approx.20%, meeting the Euro IV, V and VI emission standards using an innovative method of using waste, the so called „washcoat” from the recovery of precious metals used to make the active layer of the catalyst. The share of recycled precious metals is up to 20%. The intermediate layer consists of 70% washcoat mainly containing aluminium oxide and up to 20% washcoat with recycled precious metals. The active layer consists of precious metals, i.e. platinium, palladium and rhodium, in the right ratio and amount per 1 liter of catalytic block to achieve the specified emission standard. Due to the qualification of rare earth materials as critical, it allows to reduce the use of raw materials to 20% depending on the monolith model. The project focuses on a low-carbon economy and resilience to climate change.
SSIVD-Net: A Novel Salient Super Image Classification & Detection Technique for Weaponized Violence
Authors: Aremu Toluwani , Zhiyuan Li , Alameeri Reem , Khan Mustaqeem , Saddik Abdulmotaleb El
Published: August 2023

Detection of violence and weaponized violence in closed-circuit television (CCTV) footage requires a comprehensive approach. In this work, we introduce the Smart-City CCTV Violence Detection (SCVD) dataset, specifically designed to facilitate the learning of weapon distribution in surveillance videos. To tackle the complexities of analyzing 3D surveillance video for violence recognition tasks, we propose a novel technique called, SSIVD-Net (Salient-Super-Image for Violence Detection). Our method reduces 3D video data complexity, dimensionality, and information loss while improving inference, performance, and explainability through the use of Salient-Super-Image representations. Considering the scalability and sustainability requirements of futuristic smart cities, the authors introduce the Salient-Classifier, a novel architecture combining a kernelized approach with a residual learning strategy. We evaluate variations of SSIVD-Net and Salient Classifier on our SCVD dataset and benchmark against state-of-the-art (SOTA) models commonly employed in violence detection. Our approach exhibits significant improvements in detecting both weaponized and non-weaponized violence instances. By advancing the SOTA in violence detection, our work offers a practical and scalable solution suitable for real-world applications. The proposed methodology not only addresses the challenges of violence detection in CCTV footage but also contributes to the understanding of weapon distribution in smart surveillance. Ultimately, our research findings should enable smarter and more secure cities, as well as enhance public safety measures.
Predictive nomogram of Survival in Breast Cancer Patients Combining Expression Profiles of Long Non-Coding RNAs and Clinical Factors
Authors: Dong Zhonghui , Wang Xinli
Published: August 2023

Objective Current prognosis prediction models for breast cancer (BC) are mostly based on clinical factors and immunohistochemical indicators, or simply based on certain gene levels, with certain limitations. We attempted to develop a predictive model based on the molecular biology characteristics of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) combined with clinical factors.
Methods Using the Cancer Genome Atlas database (TCGA), we screened for differentially expressed genes using the DESeq2 package in R language, followed by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis to select lncRNA biomarkers significantly associated with prognosis, and based on the risk scoring system of this biomarker, combined with clinical factors, to construct a nomogram that can effectively and quantitatively determine patient prognosis survival.
Results A large-scale gene expression profile of 1208 patient samples, including 1096 BC patients and 112 normal control patients, was obtained from TCGA, and 2100 differentially expressed genes were identified between BC and normal samples. We screened out 9 lncRNAs that were significantly associated with overall survival (OS). Based on the expression levels of these 9 lncRNAs and their relationship with OS prognosis, we constructed a risk scoring model that effectively differentiated high-risk and low-risk patients. Then, we combined the 9-lncRNA model with clinical factors, and univariate and multivariate Cox hazard analysis indicated that age and the lncRNA model were independent factors affecting prognosis, and the lncRNA model we constructed was feasible in survival analysis of different age subgroups (p < 0.05). Finally, based on the lncRNA model we constructed and the clinical risk factor of age, we developed a column chart with a C-index of 0.81. Conclusion The nomogram established based on the 9 lncRNAs selected related to BC prognosis can effectively predict BC prognosis.
Development of a complex exercise rehabilitation intervention for people with pulmonary hypertension: The Supervised Pulmonary Hypertension Exercise Rehabilitation (SPHERe) Trial
Authors: Ennis Stuart , Sandhu Harbinder , Bruce Julie , Seers Kate , Pincus Tamar , Underwood Martin , McGregor Gordon
Published: August 2023

Background: People with pulmonary hypertension (PH) are not routinely referred for exercise rehabilitation despite the potential for reducing breathlessness and improving quality of life. We describe the development of a supervised exercise-based rehabilitation programme (SPHERe) for people with pulmonary hypertension.
Methods:
Development was completed in three phases: 1) systematic review, 2) stakeholder engagement with consensus from patients and experts, and 3) pre-pilot intervention acceptability testing. We completed systematic reviews to identify international cardiopulmonary rehabilitation guidance and trials of exercise-based interventions for people with pulmonary hypertension. Evidence from systematic reviews and stakeholder consensus shaped the SPHERe intervention, including addition of individual behavioural support sessions to promote exercise adherence.
The draft SPHERe intervention was ratified through discussions with multidisciplinary professionals and people living with pulmonary hypertension. We acceptability tested the centre-based intervention with eight participants in a pre-pilot development phase which identified a number of condition-specific issues relating to safety and fear avoidance of activity. Comprehensive intervention practitioner training manuals were produced to ensure standardised delivery. Participant workbooks were developed and piloted.
Trial recruitment began in January 2020 but was subsequently suspended in March 2020 further to COVID-19 pandemic ‘lockdowns’. In response to the pandemic, we undertook further development work to redesign the intervention to be suitable for exclusively home-based online delivery. Recruitment to the revised protocol began in June 2021.
Discussion: The final SPHERe intervention incorporated weekly home-based online group exercise and behavioural support ‘coaching’ sessions supervised by trained practitioners, with a personalised home exercise plan and the optional loan of a stationary exercise bike. The intervention was fully manualised with clear pathways for assessment and individualised exercise prescription. The clinical and cost-effectiveness of the SPHERe online rehabilitation intervention is currently being tested in a UK multicentre randomised controlled trial (ISRCTN10608766: Supervised Pulmonary Hypertension Exercise Rehabilitation trial: SPHERe).
DESIGNING ETHNOCULTURAL IDENTITIES IN DIVIDED SOCIETIES AND CONSOCIATIONAL DEMOCRACY AS A POSSIBILITY
Authors: ORHAN Salim
Published: August 2023

The management of ethnocultural diversity and design of related identities constitute one of the most fundamental questions of contemporary political science and constitutional law. Many countries in today’s world, albeit in different versions and degrees, are faced with challenges caused by ethnocultural identities that have transformed into political identities. Demands and problems arising in the line of ethnocultural identities occupy the agenda of many developed and developing countries. This article aims to highlight the most realistic and democratic method and strategy for such management and design through researching approaches and methods employed for ethnocultural identities in ethnoculturally deeply divided societies. In this context, following a brief explanation of the concept of a divided society, a macro-political analysis will be used to determine the main approaches and methods. Methods and strategies used by democratic states for ethnocultural diversity will be discussed under two general approaches: Integration, which advocates the policy of single identity in the public sphere, and accommodation, which protects diversity and advocates multiple identity in the public sphere. Following will be an examination as to whether the consociational power-sharing method is best suited as a design for ethnocultural identities in divided societies.
Exploring ChatGPT's potential in the context of colon cancer patient education: A comparative analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Abu Alamrain Abdulwhhab , Adewunmi Mary , Abu Al Amrain Mahmoud , Wong Ming Chao , Yee Kwang Chien
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

ChatGPT is a large language model capable of generating human-like conversation. It has demonstrated promise as a tool for medical education for both professionals and patients. Previous research in medical oncology and colon cancer showed a glimpse of its application on topics like colonoscopy, colorectal surgery, and guideline-based treatment.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate ChatGPT's performance as a source of patient medical education for colon cancer

METHODS

A set of twenty non-expert questions were prepared and fed to ChatGPT three times. Later, generated responses were evaluated by two doctors for accuracy, simplicity (0-10), and consistency (0,1). Mean, median and standard deviation were calculated for both accuracy and simplicity scores along with the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient and confidence interval for inter-rater agreement assessment. For consistency, rate, cohen's kappa, standard error, and confidence interval were calculated.

RESULTS

Accuracy: Mean = 8.4, Median = 8.5, SD = 1.7. ICC: Avg. measures for absolute agreement = 0.7 (95% CI 0.25 to 0.88), for consistency = 0.74 (95% CI 0.34 to 0.9).
Simplicity: Mean = 8.55, Median = 9, SD = 1.69. ICC: Avg. measures for absolute agreement = 0.65 (95% CI 0.12 to 0.86), for consistency = 0.72 (95% CI 0.28 to 0.89).
Consistency: rate = 67.5%, Cohen's Kappa: 0.66 (SE = 0.18, 95% CI 0.31 to 1.0).

CONCLUSIONS

In this study, we assessed ChatGPT's capabilities of answering patients' questions about colon cancer. Findings showed significant and promising results of answers' accuracy, simplicity, and consistency in multiple trials. However, there is room for improvement. As ChatGPT continues to gain popularity among users, research studies on the impact of this technology on patient outcomes are needed urgently to guide clinical application.
Effects of Internal and External Factors on Hospital Data Breaches: Quantitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Dolezel Diane , Beauvais Brad , Stigler Granados Paula , Fulton Lawrence , Kruse Clemens Scott
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND

Health care data breaches are the most rapidly increasing type of cybercrime; however, the predictors of health care data breaches are uncertain.

OBJECTIVE

This quantitative study aims to develop a predictive model to explain the number of hospital data breaches at the county level.

METHODS

This study evaluated data consolidated at the county level from 1032 short-term acute care hospitals. We considered the association between data breach occurrence (a dichotomous variable), predictors based on county demographics, and socioeconomics, average hospital workload, facility type, and average performance on several hospital financial metrics using 3 model types: logistic regression, perceptron, and support vector machine.

RESULTS

The model coefficient performance metrics indicated convergent validity across the 3 model types for all variables except bad debt and the factor level accounting for counties with >20% and up to 40% Hispanic populations, both of which had mixed coefficient directionality. The support vector machine model performed the classification task best based on all metrics (accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score). All the 3 models performed the classification task well with directional congruence of weights. From the logistic regression model, the top 5 odds ratios (indicating a higher risk of breach) included inpatient workload, medical center status, pediatric trauma center status, accounts receivable, and the number of outpatient visits, in high to low order. The bottom 5 odds ratios (indicating the lowest odds of experiencing a data breach) occurred for counties with Black populations of >20% and <40%, >80% and <100%, and >40% but <60%, as well as counties with ≤20% Asian or between 80% and 100% Hispanic individuals. Our results are in line with those of other studies that determined that patient workload, facility type, and financial outcomes were associated with the likelihood of health care data breach occurrence.

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this study provide a predictive model for health care data breaches that may guide health care managers to reduce the risk of data breaches by raising awareness of the risk factors.