bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Data Validation Algorithm Based on Vector Rank Analysis
Authors:   Baltic Federal University named after I. Kant, Kaliningrad, Russian Federation, Kivchun O. R.
Published: April 2024

In the process of solving the problem of managing large technical systems, the data obtained from various measuring devices are processed by known methods. On the basis of their analysis, acceptable solutions are formed, and as a result of the choice, the best is made. Some of the data are parametrized and are stochastic, i.e. they are random variables. However, the information for making management decisions must be strictly deterministic. Therefore, the main task of stochastic data processing is to obtain deterministic invariants suitable for use as information in the decision-making process. The article presents an algorithm for verifying data that allows you to determine which type they belong to: Gaussian or non-Gaussian. The results of this test will make it possible to make the right choice of mathematical apparatus for obtaining deterministic invariants. The scientific novelty of the algorithm lies in the fact that the mathematical apparatus of the algorithm is developed within the framework of vector rank analysis. Its essence lies in the fact that a sample is made from the "general population" of available data, on which the average and standard are determined. Then a part of the data taken from the "general population" is added to this sample, and the average and standard are determined again. Such a procedure for increasing the sample continues until the "general population" is completely exhausted. Next, the normalized dependence of the mean and standard values on the sample size is constructed. At the same time, if the dependence has a pronounced tendency to stabilize, then the data belong to the Gaussian type. In another case, they are considered non-Gaussian. The efficiency of the algorithm has been confirmed in the framework of studies of a significant number of samples of data on the power consumption of various large technical systems.
Generation of PN-Model Synthesis Programs with Restrictions
Authors:   Moscow University of Technical Communications and Informatics, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kulagin V. P. , Muravyev N. D. ,   RTU MIREA, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: April 2024

The paper proposes a modified algorithm for generating programs for the synthesis of network models expressed in terms of Petri nets [8]. The algorithm is based on the use of boundedly growing strings and the ability to generate them in lexicographic order. To reduce the number of possible synthesis programs, the introduction of limiting conditions imposed on the set partition tree is considered. Taking into account the imposed restrictions, a new tree of smaller dimension is built, which also preserves the lexicographic order of the limitedly growing strings it contains. A comparative assessment of the effectiveness of a new algorithm for generating boundedly growing strings with restrictions and a standard algorithm without restrictions, which is described by D. Knuth, is given. The proposed algorithm can be used to solve problems of synthesizing models of complex computational structures, building parallel systems, parallelizing algorithms and solving other problems related to the creation of efficient distributed systems.
Educational Web Portal Software for Teachers, Tutors and Students
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Tomsk, Russian Federation, Kuzovkin V. V.
Published: April 2024

This article substantiates the feasibility of using the Data-Driven approach in education and creating a "one-stop shop" platform. The paper describes the advantages and disadvantages of modern domestic and foreign ED Tech products, on the basis of which a conclusion is made about the necessary functionality of the designed platform. The article describes the software requirements for the UML design methodology, describes the choice of creation tools, and considers the program for implementing the tool system, including the database structure. It is shown that such a scheme is scalable and can be easily supplemented with other functionality. Based on the requirements, a project prototype was created, located at kuzovkin.info; the project consists of several parts, including a database with tasks, an online simulator, an online board, a voice messenger and articles with task theory. In addition, in the future, it is planned to use an adaptive learning algorithm using artificial intelligence. It is shown that this prototype is successfully used for teaching students. In the future, a web portal with similar tools is planned to be introduced into the work of online schools.
Functionalization of Graphene-Nanotube Nanostructures by BaO Nanoparticles for Devices with Field Electron Emission
Authors:   Institute for Bionic Technologies and Engineering, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 119991, Russia, Glukhova O.E. , Slepchenkov M.M. ,   Institute of Physics, Saratov State University, Saratov, 410012, Russia, Kitsyuk E.P. ,   Scientific-Manufacturing Complex "Technological Centre", Moscow, 124498, Russia, Shaman Yu.P. ,   Scientific-Manufacturing Complex "Technological Centre", Moscow, 124498, Russia,   Institute of Nanotechnology of Microelectronics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia, Gerasimenko A.Yu. ,   Institute of Biomedical Systems, National Research University MIET, Moscow, 124498, Russia,   Institute for Bionic Technologies and Engineering, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
Published: April 2024

A technology has been developed for the functionalization of hybrid nanostructures (HNS) from reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and single-walled carbon nanotubes with BaO nanoparticles. Quantum methods have been used to numerically establish patterns of reduction in the work function of the HNS. It is established that the emission current of functionalized HNSs increases by more than 40 times compared to non-functionalized samples. Such HNS can be promising for devices with a current density of at least 2 A/cm2.
Information Security of Microsystems. Microcontroller
Authors:   Electrotechnical University ", Kondrashov K.K. ,   LETI",   , Saint Petersburg, 197022, Russian Federation, Gasnikov A.O. ,   Electrotechnical University "LETI", Saint Petersburg, 197022, Russian Federation, Kalinin S.B. ,   Electrotechnical University "LETI", Saint Petersburg, 197022, Russian Federation, Luchinin V.V. ,   Electrotechnical University "LETI", Saint Petersburg, 197022, Russian Federation
Published: April 2024

Methodological and practical aspects of testing microcontrollers for resistance to power analysis reengineering are considered. A model of quantitative assessment of durability is proposed, based on the construction of a relative parameter variance diagram of an operation with data. Within the framework of the model, a criterion has been introduced that allows comparing the durability of various devices. The key provisions of the methodology for testing devices on the power consumption channel have been developed. Using the example of testing one of the microcontrollers, the procedure for determining the resistance to extracting internal memory data is presented. Based on the results of the analysis, conclusions are formulated about the possibility of safe operation with this microcontroller in information systems.
Designing a Business Game to Teach the Relationship Between Business Models and Business Processes
Authors:   Technical University of Munich, Betzwieser Benedikt , Landler Philipp ,   Technical University of Munich, Levkovksyi Borys ,   Technical University of Munich, Utesch Matthias ,   Technical University of Munich, Krcmar Helmut ,   Technical University of Munich
Published: April 2024

Business models (BMs) and business processes (BPs) both represent key concepts for research and practice, especially for information systems (IS) education. Understanding how these concepts are related is crucial as they directly affect each other. However, no teaching concept focusing on this relationship can be found in the literature. Using a business game (BG) could be a suitable solution given its characteristics. Therefore, our goal is to design a BG to teach IS students the relationship between BMs and BPs. Toward this challenge, we follow a design science research approach to construct the BG. Based on the evaluation results of our first design cycle, we introduce a revised set of 14 design requirements and eight design principles guiding our design process. Besides, we demonstrate a revamped instantiation of the BG using a revised set of 24 design features. We also conduct two evaluation episodes comprising an experiment and confirmatory focus groups to assess the artifact's conceptualization and instantiation, proving its utility. Finally, we present a nascent design theory for BGs teaching the relationship between BMs and BPs. Our work contributes to the knowledge base on BG design in the domain of BMs and BPs.
Intelligent Metasurfaces, Fourier Optics and Cryptography: New Scientific Horizons
Authors:   Kotel'nikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Potapov Alexander A.
Published: April 2024

Reviews the current state of programmable and intelligent metasurfaces (MS) and their emerging applications in advanced integrated devices. For example, intelligent MS can adapt radio wave propagation channels and enhance their differences. The main strategies for designing intelligent MSs are considered. The necessity of combining such intelligent MSs with numerous methods of topological texture-fractal processing of signals and fields is revealed.
Intraband Absorption of Electromagnetic Radiation by Electrons with Optical Phonon Participation in Quantum Dot Superlattices
Authors:   Physics Institute of Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Ibragimov Guseyn B. , Ibayeva Raida Z. ,   Physics Institute of Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2024

Physics Institute of Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences In this paper, we investigate the absorption of electromagnetic radiation by a free electron gas interacting with lattice vibrations in a quantum dot superlattice. It is assumed that the electron gas in the quantum dot superlattice is limited by the anisotropic parabolic potential. The absorption of light by free carriers with the participation of phonons is calculated in the second order of the perturbation theory. When calculating the absorption coefficient, the matrix elements of the electron-photon and electron-phonon interactions (with polar and nonpolar optical phonons) are used. We can expect three possible transitions in the absorption coefficient for electron-polar phonon scattering: (1) a transition due to the size subband levels for only the x direction, (2) a transition due to the size subband levels for only the y direction and (3) a transition due to the size subband levels for both the x direction and the y direction. For electron-nonpolar phonon scattering we can expect оnly one possible transitions in the, the absorption coefficient: a transition due to the size subband levels for both the x direction and the y direction.
Acoustic boundary layer of a solid absolutely thermally conductive surface
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Legusha Fedor F. , Kuz’kin Venedikt M. ,   Prokhorov General Physics Institute RAS, Razrezova Kseniya V. ,   Soundproof European Technologies, Pereselkov Sergey A. ,   Voronezh State University
Published: April 2024

The paper presents the analysis results of formation theoretical descriptions of an acoustic boundary layer near solid absolutely thermally conductive surface, obtained by G. Kirchhoff and L.D. Landau. In both cases, the acoustic boundary layer is formed by inhomogeneous viscous and thermal waves in the wall layer of a liquid medium in contact with the surface of a solid body, from which a plane traveling sound wave is reflected. Based on the analysis, conclusions can be drawn: the analyzed problem solutions are physically sound, independent and complementary to each other. During the formation of an acoustic boundary layer, viscous and thermal waves are excited synchronously in pairs. Inside the acoustic boundary layer, each pair of inhomogeneous waves propagates towards each other. Inhomogeneous waves originate on parallel surfaces that limit the volume of the acoustic boundary layer. The analysis of the process of transformation of heat waves into additional one-dimensional inhomogeneous waves, the appearance of which in the boundary layer was predicted by G. Kirchhoff. It is shown that when interacting with the surface of the body of a traveling sound wave in the sound frequency range, these waves do not affect the formation of the boundary layer. The expressions allowing for a numerical estimation of the heat dissipation power density in the boundary layer are refined. A formula has been obtained that allows us to determine the proportion of the energy of the sound wave that is absorbed in the acoustic boundary layer. In practice, the results obtained in the article can be used, for example, in aeroacoustics to assess the dissipative properties of solid surfaces.
Radio coverage of the coastal marine zone with the use of a wireless broadband optical channel for the organization of intensive navigation
Authors:   Sevastopol State University, Afonin Igor L. , Golovin Vladislav V. ,   Sevastopol State University, Tkachenko Mikhail O. ,   Sevastopol State University, Tyschuk Yury N. ,   Sevastopol State University, Polyakov Alexander L. ,   Sevastopol State University, Slyozkin Gennady V. ,   Sevastopol State University
Published: April 2024

The model of a wireless broadband optical channel designed for communication between the coastal subsystem and an air repeater that provides coverage of the coastal sea area for the organization of intensive navigation, including the use of unmanned vessels is presented. It is shown that direct coast-to-ship data transmission using Wi-Fi and 4G/LTE technologies has a number of disadvantages for bays with complex coastal terrain. The use of a wireless optical channel in the "point-to-point" format between the coastal subsystem and the air transmitter makes it possible to provide high-quality radio coverage of the sea surface and provide information-intensive channels to ship systems. The results of modeling the wireless optical channel implemented using FSO (Free Space Optic) technology are presented. To increase the efficiency of using the spectrum of the transmitted data stream and the protection ratio of the wireless channel, 16QAM and OFDM are used.
Intelligent Metasurfaces, Fourier Optics and Cryptography: New Scientific Horizons.
Authors:   Институт радиотехники и электроники им. В.А. Котельникова РАН, Потапов Александр А.
Published: April 2024

Рассматривается современное состояние программируемых и интеллектуальных метаповерхностей (МП) и возникающие их применения в передовых интегрированных устройствах. Например, интеллектуальная МП может адаптировать каналы распространения радиоволн и усиливать их различия. Рассмотрены основные стратегии проектирования интеллектуальных МП. Раскрывается необходимость совмещения таких интеллектуальных МП с многочисленными методами топологической текстурно-фрактальной обработки сигналов и полей.
Criteria for image superposition in a two-camera technical vision system
Authors:   Поволжский государственный университет телекоммуникаций и информатики, Диязитдинова Альфия А.
Published: April 2024

Совмещение изображений является важной задачей в системах технического зрения. Двухкамерные системы проводят съемку одной и той же сцены, поэтому изображения содержат один и тот же сигнал. Эта особенность определяет возможные критерии для совмещения изображений. В работе исследуются три критерия совмещения изображений: критерий, основанный на коэффициенте корреляции; критерий, основанный на количестве совпавших точек контурных линий; критерий, основанный на количестве совпавших особых точек. Для исследования была разработана методика для проведения численного моделирования. Результаты моделирования показали, что наиболее помехоустойчивым является критерий на основе коэффициента корреляции, но он требует наибольшего времени обработки. Критерий, основанный на совпадении точек контурных линий, является наименее помехоустойчивым. Критерий на основе совпадения особых точек менее помехоустойчивый, чем критерий по коэффициенту корреляции, но он требует наименьшего времени обработки.
Office Environment and Work Experience as Predictors of Professional Burnout among IT Specialists
Authors: Reznichenko S.I. , Podtiagina P.O.
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the parameters of professional experience and subjectively perceived characteristics of the office environment influence on the development of IT specialists’ burnout. The sample included 192 IT specialists aged from 19 to 47 years (Mage=29.76±5.15 years; 21.4% women) with work experience in the current company of 2.07±3.17 years. The level of professional burnout and its components (Exhaustion, Mental distance, Cognitive impairment, Emotional impairment and Secondary symptoms) were assessed using Burnout Assessment Tool adapted by N.I. Kolachev et al. (2019). Subjectively perceived qualities of the office environment were measured using a standardized questionnaire "People in the office" (M.V. Pavlova et al., 2023). It has been shown that the burnout components of representatives of the IT sphere are not sequential processes, but arise in a certain sequence. The duration of daily communication with colleagues and work experience in the organization have a direct positive effect (reduce) cognitive impairment and secondary symptoms, and age has an indirect effect in reducing emotional impairment and mental distance. The perception of the working environment as having a developed external infrastructure, stimulating internal communications and reflecting professional identity reduces the severity of emotional dysregulation, mental distance and secondary symptoms in IT specialists. And the convenience of the workplace reduces the severity of exhaustion and cognitive symptoms of burnout. The presence of subordinates moderates the designated connections more strongly than the work format. The study results can be used as recommendations when designing a salutogenic office environment that prevents the development of professional burnout among IT specialists.
An Initial Feasibility Trial of Providing Yoga in School for Children with Additional Support Needs
Authors: Hart Niamh Claire , Booth Josie N. , Löppönen Heini , Sivaramakrishnan Divya , Fawkner Sam
Published: April 2024

Yoga is used widely as a therapeutic tool for physical and mental well-being. However, greater understanding of the effect yoga may have on young people who require additional support for learning is warranted. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess the feasibility of delivering and evaluating an 8-week school-based yoga program targeted to children with additional support needs in a mainstream primary school. Data were collected from 11 pupils (aged 4–12) with additional support needs. The Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire were completed pre- and postintervention by parents and the pupil's schoolteachers. Observation of the yoga class engagement was conducted at baseline, midway through, and at the end of the intervention. A visual adaptation of the Children's Feeling Scale was completed each week pre– and post–yoga class by each student. Qualitative measures, including a parent feedback questionnaire, interview with the yoga instructor, and focus group with the pupil support assistants, were undertaken. The program was delivered as planned. The yoga instructor, parents, and pupil support assistants found the program to be beneficial to the students and a feasible part of their school week. There were no significant differences pre- to postintervention in any scores of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire or Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function. Some positive changes in mood were found, although effect sizes were small. This study demonstrates the feasibility of delivering a school-based yoga program for children with additional support needs, as well as a feasible evaluation approach. The overall experiences for pupils, pupil support assistants, and the yoga teacher were positive and suggest that wider implementation and evaluation of the school-based yoga program would be of value.
Reimagining the Requirements for Civil Servants: Harnessing Creativity for Social Impact and Institutional Renewal in Public Law
Authors: Katinskaya Elena S.
Published: April 2024

This article analyzes some changes in current legislation regarding the stipulation of requirements for state civil servants, particularly in response to extraordinary circumstances. This article seeks to identify emerging trends in revitalizing public law institutions and assesses the importance of creativity in shaping the personal and professional potential of civil servants. The author underscores the critical role of creative abilities within the public administration system, highlighting their impact on the effectiveness of achieving management objectives. However, creativity in public law should not be perceived as unlimited freedom of action; rather, it must be exercised within the confines of established rules and procedures. Thus, a delicate balance between creativity and legal compliance is required.
Addressing Contradictions in Evidence: the Duty of the Court
Authors: Astafyev Aleksey Yu.
Published: April 2024

This article examines the complexities surrounding the court’s assessment of evidence, particularly concerning contradictions encountered during the adjudication of criminal cases. It emphasizes that the resolution of such contractions is an essential aspect of a judge’s procedural duties. Mere logical coherence in the court’s conclusions is insufficient to validate a verdict; instead, all significant contradictions within the case materials must be meticulously identified and rectified through objective scrutiny and evaluation of the evidence. Additionally, the author highlights the court’s obligation to justify, in cases where irreducible doubts persist regarding the defendant’s guilt, the inability to eliminate such doubts in the verdict.
Procedural Conditions for the Admissibility of an Expert's Opinion as Evidence in a Criminal Case
Authors: Tymoshenko Andrey A.
Published: April 2024

The proposed work examines the issues of the admissibility of such type of evidence as an expert opinion, which are traditional for any country with a continental European legal system.
The appeal to this issue is not accidental due to the rather rapid development of science and technology in recent years, the course of global digitalization processes in the human environment.
Objectively, it is necessary to discuss the issue of adjusting the procedural conditions for admission of expert opinions as evidence in a criminal case, especially those that are carried out in actively developing areas of application of special knowledge.
Edirneli Nazmi’nin Hz. Peygamber ve Sahabe Algısı
Authors: Palabıyık M. Hanefi , Kalkandelen Ayşe Hilal
Published: April 2024

Hayatı hakkında fazla bilgi sahibi olamadığımız Edirne doğumlu Nazmî, XVI. yy.da yaşamış, Dîvân’ıyla meşhur olmuş bir şair ve çok yönlü bir âlimdir. Osmanlı Devleti’nin ordusuna katılmış ve bir müddet de kâtiplik yapmıştır. Şairlik yönü zayıf kabul edilse de, sade Türkçe ile (Türkî-i basît) kaleme aldığı şiirleriyle şöhret yapmış Mecma‘u’n-Nezâ’ir adlı eseriyle, edebiyat tarihine iz bırakmıştır. XVI. yüzyılda, Visâlî tarafından başlatılan şiirde Türkçe’den başka dil kullanmamaya çalışarak şiir yazma akımına önemli destek veren Edirneli Nazmî, kendinden önceki selefleri gibi, Türk zevkine uygun yabancı kelimelerden uzak şiirler yazdı. Yazdığı şiirler, dönemin Eski Anadolu Türkçesini aksettirmesi açısından da önem taşımaktadır. Mecma‘u’n-Nezâ’ir, Dîvân ve Pend-i Attâr Tercümesi adlı eserleri vardır. Nazmî’nin Hz. Peygamber ve sahabe algısının, dönemin diğer âlimleri gibi medrese ve tekke karışımı gelenekten beslendiği görülmektedir. Bu geleneğin klasik dönem anlayışının tüm izlerini taşıdığını söylemek mümkündür. Bu anlayışın bir şairin dilinden dökülmesi veya onun manzumelerinden yansımasının, kavrayışımızı sınırlandırdığı kabul edilebilir. Bununla birlikte, kullanılan terimler, kavramlar ve imgelerin, bizlere yeterince ipucu verdiğini ve bizi aydınlatacağını düşünmekteyiz. Her halükârda öznel bir durum olan algılama, kişinin geçmiş deneyimlerine, inançlarına, ihtiyaçlarına, dikkatini etkileyen iç ve dış etkenlere vb.ne bağlıdır ve bunlarla birlikte anlaşılmalıdır. Çalışmada Edirneli Nazmî’nin peygamber ve sahabe algısını ortaya koymaya çalışacağız.
Comparative analysis of the methods of an all-endoscopic brachial plexus decompression and a mini-invasive endoscopically-assisted technique for management of patients with traumatic brachioplexopathy
Authors: Belyak E. A. , Sagdiev R. Kh. , Lazko F. L. , Sufianov A. A. , Paskhin D. L. , Prizov A. P. , Lazko M. F. , Zagorodniy N. V.
Published: April 2024

Introduction As reported, brachioplexopathy is a relevant polyetiological disease with an annual incidence from 0.17 to 1.6 per 100,000. There are two basic endoscopic methods of brachial plexus decompression: an  endoscopically-assisted mini-invasive transaxillary approach and fully endoscopic decompression in association with shoulder arthroscopy.

Purpose Compare the two main endoscopic methods of brachial plexus decompression.

Material and methods Twenty-two patients diagnosed with post-traumatic brachioplexopathy were included in the study. There were 8 patients in group 1 and 14 patients in group 2. All patients passed clinical and instrumental examination. Statistical analysis was performed with non-parametric U-criteria of  Mann – Whitney. Differences were considered significant at p < 0.05. Patients of group 1 underwent shoulder joint arthroscopy and fully endoscopic brachial plexus decompression. Patients of group 2 had revision and transaxillary mini-invasive decompression of brachial plexus with video endoscopic assistance.

Results In the first group, upper limb dysfunction according to DASH scale decreased from 52.3 ± 2.2 to 28.8 ± 3.8 points (p < 0.05). In the second group, upper limb dysfunction according to DASH scale decreased from 47.9 ± 4.4 to 26.6 ± 4.3 points (p < 0.05). Discrepancy according to DASH scale before and after surgery in the first group was 23.5 ± 3.6 points and in the second group it was 19.4 ± 5.4 points; the difference between the groups was statistically insignificant (p > 0.05).

Discussion The results of our study are similar to the results of endoscopic brachial plexus decompression in the previously published studies.

Conclusion The methods of endoscopic brachial plexus decompression in association with shoulder joint arthroscopy and isoolated mini-invasive neurolysis and decompression of brachial plexus under videoendoscopic assistance are equally effective in the treatment of brachialplexopathy.
Clinical and radiological aspects of the forearm in children with congenital radioulnar synostosis: a cohort study
Authors: Fedorova Yu. A. , Vissarionov S. V. , Proshchenko Ya. N. , Zorin V. I.
Published: April 2024

Introduction The upper limb functional limitations in congenital radioulnar synostosis may significantly affect the daily activities of patients. Classifications of the condition are descriptive and have limited practical application.

Purpose Determine a functionally significant quantitative criterion for anatomical changes in the forearm.

Material and methods 92 children (136 forearms) with congenital radioulnar synostosis were examined for  limitations in activities of daily living (ADL), health-related quality of life measured with  PedsQL questionnaire; pronation of the forearm and radiographic parameters. A comparative and  correlation analysis, ROC analysis were performed to determine the relationship between the forearm pronation and limitations of ADL.

Results Statistically significant correlations were revealed between symptoms and the forearm alignment (p < 0.01, rxy = 0.5); subluxation of the ulnar head and forearm alignment (p < 0.001, rxy = 0.6); bowing deformity of the radius, forearm alignment and subluxation of the ulnar head and between the length of the forearm bones and bowing deformity of the radius (p < 0.05, rxy = 0.4 and rxy = 0.5). A statistically significant inverse correlation was revealed between symptoms and PedsQL scores (p = 0.038, rxy = –0.4). Pronation of 45° was the threshold value of the forearm alignment with a high risk of ADL limitation. The area under the ROC curve corresponding to the relationship between symptoms and the forearm alignment was 0.955 ± 0.021 (95 % CI: 0.915–0.995). There was a statistically significant (p < 0.01) decrease in the lumen of the medullary canal in the middle third of the ulnar shaft with the radius lumen being unchanged. Dorsal subluxation of the ulnar head was detected In 30 % of cases.

Discussion The characteristics identified demonstrated changes in the forearm bones with functional impairments being correlated with the forearm pronation.

Conclusion The correlation between the patient’s symptoms and the forearm alignment must be taken into  account in the classification and when determining indications for surgical treatment distinguishing between functional (< 45° pronation) and dysfunctional (≥ 45° pronation) options.
Impaction bone grafting as a method of choice in bone defect management in the revision hip arthroplasty: a cases series
Authors: Golnik V. N. , Peleganchuk V. A. , Dzhukhaev D. A. , Batrak Yu. M. , Pavlov V. V.
Published: April 2024

Introduction Reconstruction of the acetabulum during revision arthroplasty is a challenging task in the setting of massive bone defects. Often the only effective method is impaction bone grafting (IBG). The purpose is to demonstrate the capabilities of the X-Change impaction bone grafting technology in replacing acetabular defects as a method of choice for revision hip arthroplasty.

Materials and methods In the presented series of cases, the use (IBG) turned out to be the method of choice, allowing for high-quality reconstruction. In each presented case, revision hip arthroplasty was performed with augmentation with a reconstructive mesh or trabecular metal augment to create support and contain the defect to retain the osteoplastic material.

Results During follow-up periods of 4.8 to 6.5 years there were no signs of resorption or loosening. According to the Harris hip score the results were 96, 97 and 89 points respectively.

Discussion Impaction bone grafting technology is quite versatile. It can be used in various coditions of revision arthroplasty with contained defects of the acetabulum. In contrast to the use of modular revision augmentation systems and additive technologies it makes possible to achieve dense filling of the smallest defects and profile a bed congruent with the acetabular component. The use of cemented fixation makes it possible to further stabilize the impacted bone chips and use mechanotransduction mechanisms that  stimulate the bone remodeling. The use of IBG has proven to be an effective technique for the reconstruction of medium-sized acetabular defects in combination with mesh and cement cup, as well as in combination with trabecular metal augments.

Conclusion The use of IBG during revision hip arthroplasty can be especially effective for small acetabulum sizes. Combining IBG with trabecular metal augments significantly expands the application of this technology. The use of IBG makes it possible to create a bone reserve, which creates more favorable conditions for inevitable repeated revision interventions.
Soft-tissue origin joint contractures treated with the Ilizarov fixation method
Authors: Yadkikar S. V. , Grover R. , Kaur P. , Yadkikar V. S. , Ojha A.
Published: April 2024

Introduction Soft-tissue origin joint contractures are a common orthopedic problem. It could be due to various etiologies. Treatment options are available from conservative to surgical methods. These joint contractures slowly become irreversible causing impairment in activities of daily routine. The Ilizarov method is a well established and time-tested method used for management of bone pathologies, but its use in the management of soft-tissue origin contractures is also possible. It has an established role in neoosteogenesis and histogenesis. Fixator assisted soft-tissue stretching done at sustained slow pace leads to histoneogenesis that avoids stretching of neurovascular structures and reduces the possibility of recurrence.

Aims To determine usefulness of the Ilizarov method in management of joint contractures of soft tissue origin; to meet functional requirements of patients; to study complications of Ilizarov method in management joint contractures due to soft tissue origin.

Material and methods A total of 6 cases of soft-tissue origin joint contractures due to tuberculosis, post‑traumatic stiffness, post-burn contracture, deformity due to a snake bite in the age group from 3 to 55 years were treated with gradual distraction of joint with the Ilizarov method from January 22 to October 23. Two cases were of triple knee deformity, two were post-traumatic elbow stiffness, one was post-burn great toe contracture and one was post snake bite valgus foot contracture. All cases were operated with transarticular Ilizarov frame application and gradual distraction of joints and soft tissue with the help of hinge- and rod distractor assembly done. All cases completed follow up of 1 year. Aggressive physiotherapy was given postoperatively.

Results All cases obtained a reasonable functional outcome, with no recurrence of deformity. All patients walk independently.

Conclusion The Ilizarov method can be used for treating joint contractures due to traumatic and non‑traumatic pathologies.
Promising osteoplastic materials and surgical technologies in reconstructive treatment of patients with bone nonunion and defects
Authors: Borzunov D. Yu. , Gilmanov R. T.
Published: April 2024

Introduction Some progress has been made in the development of innovative implantation materials for  osteoplastic surgery. However, the problem of bone defect management still remains relevant due to the continued high prevalence of injuries resulting from road accidents, catatrauma, man-made disasters and military operations.

The purpose of the work was to analyze the relevant literature and to identify options for solving the problems of  bone nonunion and defect management using materials developed on the principles of orthobiology and surgical technologies based on autologous repair.

Materials and methods The search for sources was carried out with the ConnectedPapers analytical tool  and  the  capabilities of the eLibrary electronic library using keywords and without restrictions on publication date.

Results and discussion Recent publications contain information about the effectiveness of the combination of  Masquelet technology and Ilizarov bone transport in patients with acquired and congenital defects, including in the conditions of active purulent infection. According to the literature, a promising autologous bone plastic material is the contents of the bone marrow cavity, containing osteogenic growth factors and bone morphogenetic proteins. Biomaterial is collected using the Reamer-Irrigator-Aspirator system (RIA) from the intramedullary canal of the femur or tibia. Currently, the effectiveness of bone morphogenetic proteins rhBMP-2 and rhBMP-7 in the restorative treatment of patients with bone defects and nonunion of various etiologies has actually been proven. The use of bone morphogenetic proteins has been introduced into foreign treatment protocols. Recent positive results of a combination of surgical technologies have proposed the  combined use of the Ilizarov and Masquelet technologies, supplemented by PRP therapy. The basis for  the  expected effect from the combination of surgical technologies and orthobiological materials are the results of preclinical studies of the osteogenic potential of PRP therapy.

Conclusion There are grounds for studying the clinical effect of the combined use of surgical technologies based on autologous reparative processes and materials developed on the principles of orthobiology. It  is  necessary and advisable to clinically implement the use of bone morphogenetic proteins rhBMP-2 and  rhBMP-7 in the reconstructive treatment of patients with bone defects and nonunion of various etiologies. Multicenter clinical studies of a high level of evidence are needed to determine the effectiveness of PRP therapy in the reconstructive treatment of patients with bone nonunion and defects.
Mutaciones jurisprudenciales en torno a la organización y control judicial de las agencias administrativas en Estados Unidos
Authors: Pérez Alonso Jorge
Published: April 2024

En los tres últimos años, el Tribunal Supremo de los Estados Unidos ha dictado varias resoluciones que han mutado sobremanera los dos pilares básicos sobre los que se asentaba el derecho administrativo estadounidense: la restricción de la facultad presidencial de cesar libremente a los miembros de las agencias y la doctrina Chevron de deferencia judicial hacia el Ejecutivo. El presente trabajo intenta ofrecer una breve aproximación a tales pronunciamientos judiciales.
Drug utilization and prescribing pattern in the treatment of urolithiasis: a perspective on World Health Organization recommendations
Authors: Sada Mudassir , Khan Sania , Khan M. Umar , Khan M. Muazzam , Kumar Pankaj , Ahmad Usama
Published: April 2024

Background: Drug utilization research (DUR) is essential in promoting rational use of medicine, aimed at understanding the patterns of prescription, administration, and utilization of medications. It provides valuable insights into the actual drug usage patterns for specific disease conditions. To evaluate the current utilization pattern of drugs in patients of urolithiasis in the Department of General Medicine and Surgery at Integral Institute of Medical Science and Research Hospital, Lucknow.
Methods: Following the approval of the institutional ethics committee, a prospective observational study was conducted at Integral Institute of Medical Science and Research Department of general medicine and surgery over a six-month period. Urolithiasis patients’ prescriptions were analyzed to study the prescribing patterns. Information about patient demographics, co-morbidities, and the number and types of medications prescribed were collected and analyzed.
Results: Out of 102 patients studied, a female preponderance over male patients was observed. The co-morbidities that are encountered most commonly were hydronephrosis, cystitis, and renal cyst. There is averaged 7 medicines per prescription, 15.25% of medicines written by the generic name, 83.33% of patients receiving antibiotics, 54.70% of patients receiving injections, and 83% of drugs prescribed are mentioned in the essential medicine list. Analgesics, antibiotics, nutritional supplements, antiemetic, alkalizing agents, and antispasmodics were among the class of medicines given.
Conclusions: This study highlights the current use of medicines and drug utilization in urolithiasis management. The findings show important insights for healthcare professionals to enhance medication therapy, encourage cost-effective healthcare delivery and improve quality of patient in urolithiasis management.
Evaluation of less treatment interruption of 6-Mercaptopurine by co-administration of ursodeoxycholic acid with chemotherapy in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Yesmin Nafisa , Karim M. Anwarul , Mazid Abu Haider Mohammad Raziul , Mahmud Niaz
Published: April 2024

Background: Ursodeoxycholic acid, a bile acid, protects the liver through various mechanisms, including bile composition modulation and enhanced secretion. In ALL chemotherapy, 6MP is hepatotoxic, requiring dose reduction. UDCA is used to alleviate liver toxicity in ALL and other chronic cholestatic conditions. The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of UDCA with chemotherapy in reducing 6MP treatment interruptions and its impact on treatment continuity in pediatric ALL.
Methods: This randomized controlled trial study conducted at the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, BSMMU in pediatric ALL patients during chemotherapy from September 2018 to August 2019. Fifty children aged 1 to 18 years with ALL were enrolled, half receiving UDCA alongside chemotherapy and the rest forming the control group. Serum hepatic transaminases, total bilirubin, and CBC were monitored every 14 days. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS, with significance set at p<0.05.
Results: In this study of 50 pediatric ALL patients, there were no statistically significant age or gender differences between the "Case" (UDCA-treated) and "Control" groups. However, the UDCA group showed a significant decrease in abnormal liver function tests (32.0%) compared to controls (60.0%). Moreover, 6MP dose reduction was significantly lower in cases (4.0%) than controls (40.0%), indicating UDCA's potential hepatoprotective effects. Multivariate logistic regression revealed male gender and mean AST levels as significant factors associated with hepatotoxicity in pediatric ALL patients.
Conclusions: Co-administration of UDCA with chemotherapy reduces hepatotoxicity in pediatric ALL patients on 6 MP, but more research is needed for dosage optimization and to assess impact on survival.
The tuberous sclerosis complex: a review of the literature
Authors: Bonilla Natalia Cruz , Rodriguez Ceja Aran Alejandro , Garcia Santiago Gerardo , Gonzalez Guillermo Avalos , Castro Alejandra Arias , Suárez Jordanka Lizeth
Published: April 2024

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a neurocutaneous autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by mutations in the TSC1 and TSC2 genes, this leads to dysregulation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway resulting in cellular hyperplasia and the formation of benign tumors in various organs, including the brain and skin. Clinical manifestations encompass a wide range of mainly neurological and dermatological symptoms, often presenting during early childhood and posing diagnostic challenges due to phenotypic variability. Recent advancements in diagnostic criteria, genetic testing, and imaging techniques have facilitated earlier diagnosis and increased disease incidence awareness. Neurologically, TSC commonly presents with cortical tubers, subependymal nodules (SENs), and epilepsy, with seizure control being paramount in preventing long-term neurodevelopmental sequelae. Dermatologically, hypomelanotic macules, facial angiofibromas, and ungual fibromas are hallmark features, often causing significant psychological distress due to disfigurement. Management of TSC requires a multidisciplinary approach, with emerging therapies such as mTOR inhibitors showing promise in addressing both neurological and dermatological manifestations. Early intervention, including epilepsy surgery and targeted treatments for skin lesions, is essential for optimizing outcomes and improving the quality of life for patients with TSC. Continued research into novel therapeutic modalities holds potential for further enhancing the management and prognosis of this complex disorder.
Lacidipine, thiamine pyrophosphate and their combination on the ocular ischemic syndrome induced by bilateral common carotid artery ligation
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan 24100, Turkey, Cicek Ibrahim , Altuner Durdu ,   Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan 24100, Turkey, Suleyman Bahadir ,   Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan 24100, Turkey, Mammadov Renad ,   Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan 24100, Turkey, Bulut Seval ,   Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan 24100, Turkey, Coban Taha Abdulkadir ,   Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan 24100, Turkey, Tastan Tugba Bal ,   Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University Erzincan, Erzincan 24100, Turkey, Suleyman Halis ,   Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan 24100, Turkey
Published: April 2024

AIM: To investigate the effect of lacidipine, thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) and the combination of lacidipine and TPP against oxidative and inflammatory eye damage induced by bilateral common carotid artery ligation in rats.
METHODS: Male albino Wistar rats were categorized as those who underwent sham surgery (SG), right and left common carotid cross-clamping and unclamping procedure (CCU), lacidipine+CCU (LCCU), TPP+CCU (TCCU), and combination of lacidipine and TPP (LTC)+CCU (LTCCU). One hour before anesthesia, the LCCU (n=6) received lacidipine (4 mg/kg, orally) and the TCCU (n=6) received TPP (20 mg/kg, intraperitoneally). The SG (n=6) and CCU (n=6) received the same volume of distilled water from the same route. After anesthesia (60 mg/kg ketamine, intraperitoneally), the necks of the rats were opened in the midline. Ischemia was created for 10min by placing clips on the right and left common carotid arteries. Rats in the SG only underwent subcutaneous incision. After 10min, the clips were removed and reperfusion was achieved for six days. Then, the animals were euthanized (120 mg/kg ketamine, intraperitoneally) and the levels of oxidant, antioxidant and proinflammatory cytokines in the eye tissues were determined. The retinal tissue of the eye was also examined histopathologically.
RESULTS: Lacidipine, TPP, and LTC significantly prevent the increase in malondialdehyde, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-6 levels, decrease in total glutathione levels, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities and histopathological retinal damage in eye tissue induced by bilateral common carotid artery ligation in rats. The impact of these drugs on protection is determined to be LTC>lacidipine>TPP.
CONCLUSION: As a result of the study, it is concluded that LTC may be more effective than lacidipine and TPP alone in treating ocular ischemic syndrome.