bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Substation DC system grounding fault prediction method
Authors: Wang Guozhong
Published: April 2021

There may be disturbance and uncertainty in the collection of leakage current in DC system of substation, which leads to the decrease of accuracy and increase of prediction error. Based on this, an improved grey prediction method is proposed to predict DC system branch grounding fault. Firstly, the characteristics of DC system ground fault parameters are collected. Secondly, the improved grey prediction algorithm is used to predict and estimate whether the detection reaches the fault threshold in the future. Finally, the validity of the proposed method is verified by MATLAB modeling.
The Application of BIM Technology in Design Stage
Authors: Wei Guoan
Published: April 2021

Design plays a leading role in architectural design, which determines the quality of construction projects. At present, most of the prefabricated constructures are designed according to the principle of cast-in-place construction, and the structural system basically follows the mode of cast-in-place structure. The advantages of prefabricated industrialization have not been reflected in the system of prefabricated construction structure and design. Due to various factors, it has become highly difficult to design prefabricated buildings, making it impossible to complete the design with the help of traditional design tools. Instead, it needs to rely on BIM Technology to complete the prefabricated construction design so as to make the construction projects visible, controllable and informationalized. Moreover, the design information from various parties concerned can be highly integrated and coordinated, thereby improving the efficiency and quality of construction projects and enhancing buildings' quality [1].
Day-ahead optimal dispatching of AC/DC hybrid system
Authors: Yuan Kai , Sun Chongbo , Song Yi , Jiang Shigong
Published: April 2021

In this paper, a distributed energy resource (DER) optimal scheduling method for AC/DC hybrid systems with power electronic transformer (PET) is proposed. Firstly, a PET scheduling model considering loss is established. Secondly, an optimal scheduling model of the AC/DC hybrid system with PET is established. Finally, the optimal scheduling model of the AC/DC system with PET is verified by a case and the effect of PET efficiency on the operating state of the system is discussed. The results show that using the power regulation ability of PET, the distributed generation can be fully absorbed and the operating cost of the system can be reduced.
Research and application of multifunctional flushing fluid
Authors: Lu Miaosen , Huang Guoqiang , Shao Zhonghua , Bin Mei , Zhang Shuai , Han Wenhua , Liu Shasha , Wang Zhiqiang , Zhang Tiantian
Published: April 2021

In the process of oilfield development, the reservoir of oil wells were polluted due to well flushing and pump inspection, which resulted in long recovery period of oil well production after operation, or even difficult recovery of production. According to the states mentioned above, researchers developed XST and XSK series multifunctional flushing fluid, which had the function of anti-swelling, anti-pollution, as well as cleaning functions. The laboratory experiments showed that the oil washing efficiency ≥80%, anti-swelling rate ≥70%, as well as the damage value of reservoir permeability ≤30%. The above formula was applied in J902 oil well, which achieved great success. Not only the fishing tools went in smoothly, but also the recovery period after the well flushing operation was shortened to 4 days, which effectively reduced the impact of the well flushing operation on the well production.
Effects of pre-injection strategy on combustion performance of methanol/diesel dual fuel engine at low load
Authors: Liu Junheng , Wu Pengcheng , Wang Lejian , Jia Demin , Ji Qian , Li Jie
Published: April 2021

In this paper, the effect of pre-injection timing on the combustion and emission performance of methanol/diesel high premixed charge compression ignition (HPCCI) combustion mode at low load was studied by three-dimensional numerical simulation. The simulation is carried out under the conditions of 1900 r/min and 25% load, and the pre-injection diesel mass remains constant and the pre-injection timing is changed under the conditions of 50% and 60% methanol ratio respectively. The results show that with the delay of pre-injection timing, the evaporation of pre-injected fuel in cylinder becomes faster, the low temperature reaction is enhanced, and the peak value of heat release rate is higher. In addition, the distribution of pre-injected diesel in cylinder and the position of impact wall are the important factors affecting the combustion and emission performance in cylinder, and when the injection timing is -35 °CA ATDC, the combustion and emission characteristics of the engine are optimal. Finally, by comparing with the traditional RCCI combustion mode, the enhancement ability of HPCCI combustion mode on methanol combustion efficiency under low load is verified and analyzed.
Failure Analysis of the Guyed-V Tower Link Plate Deformation of a 500 kV Transmission Line
Authors: Liu Weike , Cao Xianhui , Hu Yujing , Li Dong , Xie Yi
Published: April 2021

Component analysis, mechanical property test, field survey and finite element mechanical calculation were used to analyse and evaluate the deformation failure of the Guyed-V Tower link plate of a 500 kV transmission line. The results show that the main cause of the failure is the relaxation of the guy after right front guy or wire is subjected to a large impact towards the large side. The weak design of the link plate structure and the misfitting of angle steel are the indirect causes of the failure. The construction angle of anchor cable is larger than the design value, and the tension of anchor cable is low, which has a certain impact.
Influence and Improvement of Hydraulic Power on Spool Valve Reversing
Authors: Mei Xue , Huili Lin , Xiaoli Zheng
Published: April 2021

This paper analysed the effect of steady-state flow force and transient flow force to sliding direction valve, and two examples were given to illustrate adverse consequences caused by excessive fluid power, put forward the compensation measures. The effect of flow force should be considered when designing the hydraulic system in order to make the hydraulic system work more stable.
Sensitivity analysis of truck structure based on CA algorithm
Authors: Yang Xiaochen , Jin Yuchen , Feng Rui , Guo Guikai
Published: April 2021

With the continuous improvement of modern CAE technology, structural reanalysis algorithm has gradually come into people’s vision and developed rapidly. The structure reanalysis algorithm introduced in this paper is an accelerated calculation method. The core idea of this algorithm is to avoid the complete analytical calculations after the structure modification, and reduce the calculation scale, save the calculation time, improve the efficiency of CAE simulation effectively on the premise of meeting the requirements of structure accuracy. The objective of this paper that is based on the initial third-order modal information of the truck structure is to control the overall quality of the structure. And it has important guiding significance for practical production. In this paper, different design variables are set in combination with the structural reanalysis algorithm. While the parameters of design variables are modified, sensitivity information analysis and Taylor expansion theorem are used to verify the feasibility and accuracy of the structural reanalysis method in optimal calculation
Research on Vibration Characteristics of Gun Rotating Parts
Authors: Yue Pengfei , Zhu Yongyong , Zhao Yang , Wang Deshi
Published: April 2021

Artillery backlash angle is an important factor in firing accuracy. It is necessary to study the law of the change of the backlash angle in order to master the dynamic error of artillery rotating parts in the high and low direction. The vibration equation of backlash angle was deduced based on the force analysis of the rotating parts. The structure and physical parameters of artillery were selected, and the influence of different factors on the backlash angle was analyzed. The case analysis shows that the torsional rigidity of the high and low machine should be designed within an appropriate range according to the natural frequency of the vibration. The structure parameters of the gun have important influence on the vibration characteristics of the rotating parts. In the design of the gun, the center of the trunnion and the center of gravity should be located on the same side of the barrel axis. The research work provides a reference for the further study of the control of the backlash angle.
Classification of blast furnace internal state based on FLS and its application in furnace temperature prediction
Authors: Gao-peng Wang , Hai-peng Zhai , Zhen-yu Yan , Rui-ji Zheng
Published: April 2021

The real-time and accurate prediction of the molten iron silicon content of the blast furnace plays an important role in regulating the temperature of the blast furnace and stabilizing the furnace condition. When the time is large, the accuracy and credibility of the forecast results decrease rapidly, which is not conducive to on-site operators to carry out production operations according to the forecast results. To this end, this paper adds a state variable to each piece of data through the flexible least square parameter estimation method, and selects the training set in a state similar to the test sample. This makes the selection of training data more accurate and reliable. Application examples show that the method proposed in this paper improves the accuracy of silicon content prediction results and has good guiding significance for actual production operations.
Research on the early warning method of transformer fire fault in ocean booster station based on fault tree model
Authors: Zhang Fuqiang , Yang Zerong , Li Ting , Jia Yue , Zhou Dan , Xie Luyao
Published: April 2021

As the heart of the sea booster station, the transformer has an extremely important position. When the transformer has various faults, it is very easy to cause a fire accident, so the safe operation of the transformer is very important. First, use the fault tree analysis method to construct a transformer fire fault tree evaluation model for different types of fire fault events during the operation of the transformer, then through the calculation of the fire failure probability, the number of measuring points of the composite fire detector is obtained and the measuring points are reasonably arranged to detect the operation status of the transformer in real time. Therefore, it is of great significance to ensure the safe and reliable operation of offshore booster station by improving the accuracy of transformer fire warning.
Study on the influence of the thermal protection material on the heat dissipation of the battery pack for energy storage
Authors: Wang Shuping , Gao Fei , Liu Hao , Zhang Jiaqing , Fan Maosong , Yang Kai
Published: April 2021

The thermal runaway chain reaction of batteries is an important cause of the battery energy storage system (BESS) accidents, and safety protection technology is the key technology to protect the BESS. Although the flame retardant thermal protection material can delay the thermal runaway chain reaction between batteries and reduce the heat conduction between batteries, it has a negative influence on the normal heat dissipation of batteries. In this paper, 12 series of batteries were assembled into the battery pack. The battery pack with closely arranged batteries, the battery pack with 3mm air gap between batteries and the battery pack with flame retardant thermal protection material between batteries were studied. The battery temperatures and temperature differences of these three types of battery packs were cyclically charged and discharged at rated power, and the effects of air gap and flame retardant thermal protection materials on the heat dissipation of batteries under charge/discharge cycle were analysed.
Quick extraction and direct determination of amino acids from plants by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) and high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry without derivatization
Authors: Chen Xuemei , Feng Dejian , Zou Yan , Li Huaiping , Song Hang
Published: April 2021

Amino acids are naturally compound in many plants and have a essential effects on human life. This work presents a simple and rapid analytical method for direct determination of amino acids without derivatization. The preparation method of samples was green and quick, which extracted amino acids with water in 10 min, and separated on a HILIC-Z (2.1 mm×100 mm, 2.7 μm i.d.) using acetonitrile-water solution as mobile phase, and then detected under ESI-multiple reaction monitoring mode. Satisfactory determination of 21 underivatized amino acids from three different plants was achieved in 15 min. This method showed a good linearity (R2> 0.99) for the analyst and the detection limits (LOD) were 0.53 mg/kg–10.39 mg/kg for the amino acids. The average recoveries were in the range of 80%–120% at spiked concentrations. The analytical method is high sensitivity, accuracy and analytical efficiency, meanwhile it may be used for the analysis of amino acids in other plants.
Research on Magnetic Field Simulation of Cylindrical Linear Synchronous Motor
Authors: Minzheng Jiang , Deshi Zhang , Kangxing Dong , Hui Wang
Published: April 2021

In order to obtain the influence of different structures and frequencies on the thrust of cylindrical permanent magnet linear synchronous motor, the transient simulation of magnetic field of cylindrical permanent magnet linear synchronous motor is carried out by using Ansoft software, and the correctness of the simulation is verified by experiments. Through simulation, the characteristics of the linear motor under different voltage frequency, air gap size, and permanent magnet width and its influence on the linear motor thrust are obtained.
Analysis of Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Interface Circuit Applied to Automobile Engine Vibration
Authors: Zhaona LU , Wang Junlong
Published: April 2021

In order to realize the continuous power supply for the vibration fault monitoring system of automobile engine, aiming at the low efficiency and instability of the existing piezoelectric full bridge rectifier energy collection circuit, this paper proposes a circuit scheme based on synchronous charge extraction. The scheme can provide circuit collection efficiency, and analyze the power of the circuit by impedance analysis. Finally, the experiment shows that the theoretical analysis is consistent with the experimental results. And the synchronous electrical charge extraction circuit can harvest power up to 1.3mW under low frequency conditions, which is higher than 0.5mW collected by the full-bridge rectifier circuit under the same conditions. The harvested energy meets the power requirements of automotive sensors and microcontrollers.
Influence of the Number of Coil on the Accelerated-Type Wave Energy Generation System
Authors: Chen Hu , Ji Zhifei , Hu sheng , Lin Min
Published: April 2021

This paper proposed a pulley-buoy accelerated type linear wave power generation system, and verifies its feasibility and effectiveness through experiments. Compared with traditional three-phase wave energy converter, the process of energy transfer was cancelled in the pulley-buoy accelerated type linear wave power generation system, wave energy was converted into electrical energy through the movement of float directly. In the system, the pulley assembly increased the velocity of the float and the generating capacity of the linear generation system, thereby increasing its conversion efficiency. In the experiment, an undersized pulley-buoy accelerated type linear wave power generation system and a swing wave-making system were built in the laboratory. The experiment explored the influence of the number of the stator coil on the power generation performance of the system, and results showed that within the scope of this research, increasing the stator coils to a certain extent could effectively raise the efficiency of wave energy conversion and improve the generation performance of the pulley-buoy accelerated type linear wave power generation system. This research provides valuable experience for the actual application and effective operation of wave energy conversion system.
Preparation and performance study of mixed metal oxide catalyst for catalytic removal of toluene
Authors: Liu Hongbo , Huang Zhiyong , Huang Wenhao , Li Chong
Published: April 2021

As important pollutant in VOCs, toluene has serious impact on people's health and ed by using hydrotalcite as precursor due to the characteristics of its unique composition and controllable structure. Thus the technical problems of difficult control of structure and high cost of nano catalyst were solved. The mixed metal oxide was used as catalyst for toluene removal and its catalytic performance was studied. The results show that the hydrotalcite precursor with good structure can be obtained by both co-precipitation and hydrothermal method. The well-structured precursor can be synthesized in the range of mole ratios of 0:2:1 to 2:0:1 by different methods. When the reaction temperature is above 80 °C, the reaction speed is fast and the crystalline of hydrotalcite is high. The removal efficiency of toluene by catalyst assisted low temperature plasma is better than that of single low temperature plasma. The best catalytic removal efficiency of toluene is 42.10%, which is 1.8 times higher than that of single low temperature plasma. The order of catalytic performance of different catalysts and low temperature plasma for toluene removal is as follows: Zn-Mg-Al > Cu-Mg-Al > Mg-Al > Co-Mg-Al.
Large amount of settlement brought by the river
Authors: Yang Dongfang , Li Haixia , Wang Qi , Zhu Hong , Ling Weifeng
Published: April 2021

Utilizing the survey dataset of Pb in waters from south of bay mouth to southeast of bay in October 1992, and applying the horizontal and vertical change models of matter content put forward by authors, we would calculate the horizontal loss amount, vertical diluted amount and vertical sediment amount of Pb in surface and bottom layers and set up the model diagram on the Pb content horizontal and vertical changes. The research results unveiled that in October, the absolutely horizontal loss amount of Pb content in surface layer and bottom layer was 3.58–7.89μg/L, and the relatively horizontal loss amount of Pb content in surface layer and bottom layer was 27.01–51.30%. In the southern waters of bay mouth, the absolutely vertical sediment amount of Pb was 2.13μg/L, and the relatively vertical sediment amount was 13.84%. In the southeastern waters of the bay, Pb content in the surface layer and bottom layer had an absolutely vertical diluted amount of 6.61μg/L and a relatively vertical diluted amount of 22.54%. In October, in the surface waters, after the main sea current brought high Pb content to the southern waters of the bay mouth, the Pb content began to settle to the seabed in large quantities, leading to a horizontal loss amount of almost one third 27.01% of the Pb content on surface when the current entered the bay. Pb content in the bottom layer of the seabed also reduced greatly by 51.30%, which was more than half. It revealed that Pb content in the surface layer could settle to the bottom rapidly and continuously when the current entered the bay, causing a large loss amount of Pb content in the surface layer. At the same time, the Pb content on the bottom was largely buried in the seabed, causing a lot of losses. In October, in the process of vertical migration, the vertical sediment amount of Pb in the surface and bottom layers 13.84% was shifted to the vertical diluted amount of Pb in the surface and bottom layers 22.54% before and after the main sea current entered the bay. The high Pb content transported by the main sea current had a large amount of settlement in the southern waters of the bay mouth and accumulated in the seabed. However, when the current reached the bay with Pb content, there was also a large amount of settlement in the southeastern part of the bay, but no accumulation in the seabed.
Simulation analysis of the effects of methanol-polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers blends on combustion and emissions of a PCCI engine
Authors: Ji Qian , Li Jie , Wang Jingshan , Sun Ping , Wu Pengcheng
Published: April 2021

The effects of methanol/polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (PODE) mixture with different blending ratios on premixed charge compression ignition (PCCI) combustion and emission performance have been researched through the anlysis of CFD software CONVERGE. Premixed combustion is achieved by a single early injection of fuel into the cylinder. The results show that the combustion start point delays and the peak pressure decreases with the increase of methanol blend ratio. The effects of injection timing on the combustion and emission characteristics of PCCI were studied by using a mixture of the same proportion of methanol. The results show that the advance of injection time leads to more homogeneous mixture and higher peak heat release. But too early injection reduces the temperature in the cylinder and makes the combustion worse, resulting in the increase of HC, soot and CO emissions. NOx emissions decrease with the advance of the injection time.
Mechanism research on technical policy of liquid extraction depressurization development for buried hill reservoirs
Authors: Guan Huajiao , Shi Xiaoying , Tao Yayuan , Chao Xianqiu , Tan Yumiao
Published: April 2021

Most of buried hill reservoirs are in the late stage of water flooding development, especially for this kind of reservoir with large water-oil volume ratio, it is more difficult to develop the residual oil in matrix system. This article presents a new idea about technical policy of extraction depressurization development which has not been studied in domestic and abroad, and analyses the major influence factor of liquid extraction depressurization by dual-media numerical simulation in depth. The results show that it can increase the oil production in matrix system to a greater extent by liquid extraction depressurization. The liquid extraction capacity is the most important factor which contains the effect of uniform speed liquid extraction, variable speed liquid extraction and periodic liquid extraction. Under the condition of keeping stable production, the larger the liquid volume extracted, the faster pressure dropped, and the more oil will be discharged in matrix system. According to these results, this paper suggests the reasonable technical policy of liquid extraction depressurization, and it is of great significance to obtain good effect of slowing down water cut and enhancing oil recovery in depressurization development of the buried hill reservoirs with high water cut and enough energy.
The above literatures all proved that the trace elements in the lipid soluble extracts of ants also played a role in the anti-cadmium poisoning
Authors: Qiubo Xia , Nannan Guan , Huidi Lu , Zining Wang , Chunyue Zhang , Zihan Wang , Qiang Zhang , Guangdong Cheng
Published: April 2021

In order to study the quasi black prickly ant extracts antioxidant mechanism, test the completely random method is adopted to 160 rats, and randomly divided into 8 groups, divided into control group, cadmium poisoning group, cadmium and extracts from petroleum ether to black prickly ant group (divided into high, medium and low dose group), cadmium to higher doses of anhydrous ethanol extracts from black prickly ant group, higher dose of petroleum ether to black prickly ant extract group, only higher doses of anhydrous ethanol extracts from black prickly ant group. The mice were fed for 21 days, and the clinical symptoms of the mice were observed every day. On the 22nd day, the liver, spleen, kidney and sexual organs of the mice were dissected and separated, and the organ coefficients of the mice were calculated. After grinding treatment, the contents of MDA, SOD, CAT and T-AOC in kidney and spleen of mice were determined according to the instructions of the kit. Results showed that the mice of the sex organs of liver, spleen, kidney, organ coefficient were elevated compared with control group (P<0.05), cadmium poisoning group mice kidney, spleen MDA levels were elevated compared with control group (P<0.05), cadmium poisoning group mice kidney, spleen SOD, T–AOC,CAT content decreased (P<0.05), The results indicated that the lipid soluble extract of C. nigra had antioxidant ability, and the low and medium dose of lipid soluble extract of C. nigra had less cadmium toxicity than the high doseThe curative effect in mice was remarkable and the anti-inflammatory function was achieved.
Development and application status of multi energy complementary energy system
Authors: Wang Yajing , Qu Zhuangzhuang , Wen Zhimei
Published: April 2021

With the emergence of energy shortage and environmental problems, multi energy complementary has been widely used. This paper first analyzes the current grim energy situation, and points out the necessity of implementing multi energy complementary. Secondly, it introduces the multi energy complementary power generation system and multi energy complementary heating system, gives several common system forms, and introduces the system composition and process. Finally, the development prospect of multi energy complementary system is analyzed and summarized.
Theoretical Research on Environmental Evaluation Based on the Perspective of Rural Revitalization
Authors: Li Li , Ajun Wan , Zhiang Zhang
Published: April 2021

In the process of rural revitalization and development, environmental evaluation plays an important role in nurturing rural planning and construction. Based on the urgent need to realize the intensive and efficient development of China’s rural areas, this paper studies the rural revitalization system and regional environmental evaluation at home and abroad, and then puts forward a new environmental value-added evaluation theory, and puts forward ideas for the follow-up study of this topic, aiming to solve the problems faced by the traditional evaluation system in terms of balanced coordination, weight assignment and quantitative embodiment, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the development of new rural planning.
Dark Energy, Dark Matter and baryogenesis from a model of a complex axion field
Authors: Brandenberger Robert , Fröhlich Jürg
Published: April 2021

We introduce and study a model designed to simultaneously shed light on the mysteries connected with Baryogenesis, Dark Matter and Dark Energy. The model describes a self-interacting complex axion field whose imaginary part, a pseudo-scalar axion, couples to the instanton density of gauge fields including the hypercharge field. This coupling may give rise to baryogenesis in the early universe. After tracing out the gauge and matter degrees of freedom, a non-trivial effective potential for the angular component of the axion field is obtained. It is proposed that oscillations of this component around a minimum of its effective potential can be interpreted as Dark Matter. The absolute value of the axion field rolls slowly towards 0. At late times, it can give rise to Dark Energy.
BP Neural Network for Temperature Prediction of Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on Orbit
Authors: Yang Fei , Sun Qie , Cheng Lin
Published: April 2021

A BP neural network combined with the Adam optimization algorithm and the Mini-batches Learning algorithm was established for predicting the temperature of BOX-C on Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) in this paper. After training, the Mean Squared Error (MSE) of the prediction results under the normal operating condition is 0.14 and this shows that the model can be used to predict the temperature of BOX-C with a satisfying accuracy. The model paves the ground for AMS thermal control on orbit.
Forging 21st century skills development through enhancement of K to 12 gas laws module: a step towards STEM Education
Authors: Barquilla Manuel B. , Cabili Martiniano T.
Published: April 2021

STEM Education though an old educational reform in US, Europe and other Asian countries is newly introduced to Philippine setting. Two notion confused educators whether the term is an approach or a track in the senior high school curriculum. The term STEM Education refers to the integration of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics but the heart of it is simply to develop the students’ capability of 21st century skills needed of the time for a lifelong learning. This study aims to: (1) enhance students’ conceptual understanding and increase performance level through utilization of the enhanced module; to (2) develop students’ 21st Century skills, namely: collaboration, knowledge construction, self-regulation, real-world problem solving skills, use of ICT for learning and skilled communication; and to (3) proposed STEM education Lesson plan on topic Gas Laws. The researcher employed experts (in content and pedagogy) to evaluate and rate specific topic on Gas laws, from the original learning module of the Department of Education (DepEd) K to 12 curriculum materials, using the 21st Century Learning Design Rubrics (21CLD). Results yielded low ratings thereby providing basis for module enhancement. Enhancement and revision of the module were done based on the experts’ formative evaluation. After science and Technology High School, school year 2017-2018, who were paired according to pretest results and were regrouped into experimental and control group for quasi-experimental design interpretation. A suggested STEM education lesson plan was generated to further integrate their concepts in gas laws and its application to technology, engineering and mathematics. Findings indicated that students in the experimental group not only developed and improved their 21st century skills with the aid of the enhanced module but also significantly improved their conceptual understanding and performance level as compared to the control group. Generally, this study provides enough evidence that the enhanced module brought significant impact to students’ academic performance. Study recommends using the enhanced module in public schools to cater the needs of the 21srt century learners. Furthermore, it is suggested that STEM lesson plan as an approach be prepared after the specific lesson on Gas laws will be introduced for students to fully integrate Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics in the issues and its applications about the topic.
Grade 8 learner’s achievement and motivation level in geometry using kahoot! as a formative assessment
Authors: Baguio Fatima , Rama Fe Marie I. , Rico Janah Marie L. , Salazar Douglas A.
Published: April 2021

This paper dealt with the utilization of Kahoot! and its effects on the grade 8 learner’s motivation and achievement level in Geometry. The two pre-assigned sections were randomly selected as experimental and control group in Iligan City National High School. Kahoot was used as a formative assessment in the experimental group while in the control group, traditional method of assessment was used. Based on the data gathered, both methods of formative assessment were effective in increasing the achievement level of grade 8 learners. The experimental group had higher increase of mean score, meaning the group that was exposed to Kahoot! improved better in the Achievement Test than the controlled group. Learners’ from the experimental group were highly motivated in answering the quiz using Kahoot. The researchers strongly recommend the used of Kahoot! as a formative assessment in grade 8 learners’ because it was showed that there was an effect on its achievement and motivational level inside the classroom towards Geometry.
Enhancing Grade 11 students’ representation and connection in permutation and combination for their problem solving
Authors: Chotikarn Nittaya , Kanhapong Aukkarawut , Tupsai Jiraporn , Yuenyong Chokchai
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this paper was to enhance Grade 11 Thai students? concept of “Permutation and Combination.” The participants included 35 Grade 11 students in Khon Kaen University Demonstration Secondary School (Suksasart), Khon Kaen, Thailand in the academic year of 2018. The students were studying with adoption of Lesson Study Innovative mathematical learning activities to acquire knowledge of permutation and combination by using Open Approach. The methodology used in this study was in the interpretive paradigm. The students? concept about permutation and combination was interpreted through students? tasks and class observation. The interpretation considered on how and what teachers? understanding on students? learning on permutation and combination. The findings revealed that students held several ideas for their solving problem development in the lessons of permutation and combination. The study discussed and identified key students? solving-problem learning, which further highlighted the implications to enhance students? learning on mathematics performance based on lesson study and open approach in Thailand.
Examining Grade 5 students’ capability of analytical thinking in learning about heat conduction through Predict – Observe – Explain (POE) strategy
Authors: Yuenyong Jirakan , Yuenyong Chokchai
Published: April 2021

The paper aimed to examine Grade 5 students’ capability of analytical thinking in learning about heat conduction of the Materials Unit through Predict – Observe – Explain (POE) strategy. Participants included 40 Grade 5 students in Khon Kaen University Demonstration Primary School (Modindaeng). Methodology regarded classroom action research. The POE heat conduction teaching was provided in the Material unit for 6 periods. Tools for interpretation included participant observation, students’ tasks, and informal interview. The findings revealed that students’ reasons provided some aspects of analytical thinking but the majority of students could not show all three aspects of analytical thinking – analytics for important issues, relation, and rational. The majority of students could mention about analytical thinking in dimension of rational but they could not clarify theories related to rational.
Student’s scientific reasoning on advertising as literature
Authors: Thanakulkit T , Tupsai J , Yuenyong C
Published: April 2021

The objective of this study was to investigate students in Grade 9 on scientific reasoning skills by combining basic learning about advertising. The s amples were 30 students in Grade 9 at Khon Kaen Demonstration Secondary School, Khon Kaen Province. In this study, interpretative paradigm was used to analyze teaching and learning activities aiming at enhancing students’ scientific reasoning skills through advertising as literature. Data were collected from class observation and assignment that reflect students’ scientific reasoning process based on the Four-Phased Approach of Reasoning proposed by Wu [1] that consists of 4 phases: (1) Issues identification as to identify key issues, (2) Clarification as to clarify personal views or attitudes toward issues, (3) Discussion and Defense as to logically present viewpoints and discuss them, and (4) Synthesis and Conclusion. Students were challenged to express their arguments regarding adverting they have exposed to and seek appropriate solutions to the problems. Students’ scientific reasoning process to analyse advertising as knowledge literacy also reflects their problem-solving skills. The results showed that students could express their opinions in logical thinking process by starting from 1) identifying issues, 2) clarifying viewpoints on adverting, 3) discussing and defensing, and 4) synthesizing and concluding. Therefore, using advertising as literature to induce students can significantly develop their scientific reasoning skills . This study also presents practical implications to enhance students’ scientific reasoning through learning activities of literary advertising.
Development of a STEM board game on waves for grade 7 students
Authors: Malicoban Elesar V , Eguia April Mae S , Salasayo Zairah A , Monte Aireen Babe L , Mordeno Ivy Claire V
Published: April 2021

This study was conducted to develop a STEM board game on waves for Grade 7 students. The board game underwent the following stages of development: preparatory stage, game development, and expert’s assessment and validation. The study employed quantitative and qualitative research designs. After conducting two sets of pilot testing, data revealed that the categories to assess the board game were all rated excellent. Though there were suggestions for improvement, the developed board game was interesting and considered as a useful tool in demonstrating the concepts of waves and promoting STEM learning.
Developing the lesson plan of the manufacturing fish drying STEM Education
Authors: Koes-H Supriyono , Indika  , Nizami  , Yuenyong Chokchai , Sutaphan Sukanya , Somprach Kanokorn , Sranamkam Tawee
Published: April 2021

The paper will clarify STEM education learning activity of the designing of the manufacturing fish drying. The STEM education learning activity was developed based on Sutaphan and Yuenyong [17] the context-based STEM education learning approach. The activity will start from context of Indonesian favourite dry fish. Then, the issue of manufacturing the drying fish will be raised in order to motivate students to practice knowledge for designing the fish dryers and process of fish drying. Through their designing, the lesson plan will provide students chance to practice integration of knowledge. These knowledge include nutrients in dry fish, fish species, measuring sizes of fish, energy sources, chemistry in preparing fish for drying, capitals analysis, marketing functions (e.g. buying and selling, pricing, grading, weighing, storage, transportation, financing and market information). And, students could learn to practice not only STEM knowledge and skills but also entrepreneurship education. This paper may have implications for designing STEM education learning activities.
STEM Learning Activity through Tempeh Making Process
Authors: Adita Arum , Yuenyong Chokchai
Published: April 2021

The paper will clarify the STEM learning activity by tempeh making process, which provides through Sutaphan and Yuenyong context-based STEM education learning approach. This approach consists of 7 stages including (1) Identification of social issues, (2) Identification of potential solution, (3) Need for knowledge, (4) Decision-making, (5) Development of prototype or product, (6) Test and evaluation of the solution, and (7) Socialization and completion decision stage. The Learning Activity will bring students to practice integrated knowledge among chemistry, mathematics, biology, and economics to design their products. The activity may have implications for developing STEM learning activity in schools.
STEM-Oriented activities for improving student performance in Chu Van An secondary school, Thai Nguyen province, Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Thanh-Tung , Hoang Dieu-Linh , Nguyen Hoang-Thuy Linh , Nguyen Thanh-Binh
Published: April 2021

In this study, we investigated the STEM-oriented activities have been applied in Chu Van An secondary school, Thai Nguyen province, Vietnam which aimed to improve the student’s performance. By conducting the appropriate approaches, student can improve their self-awareness, scientific thinking and actively participate in learning activities. Several students have awarded high prizes at city and provincial science and technology competitions. This study aims to show a STEM-oriented implementation model at secondary school which might apply in different contexts.
Design and manufacture a number of generator models to organize STEM activities and general physics lessons
Authors: Bao Thai Quoc , Khoa Cao Tien , Thu Ha Nguyen Thi , Quang Phan Dinh , Ngoc Ngo Tuan , Hoan Vo Quang
Published: April 2021

In this work, we study and manufacture a number of mini generator models: “thermoelectric machines, hydropower plants and wind power generators” from easy-to-use, environmentally friendly materials. For each model, we provide structure diagrams, operational principles and propose orientations to use generator models in the organization of experience activities, in project teaching, as well as in STEM teaching. in high school.
An investigation of pre-service teachers’ teaching active learning to be STEM Education
Authors: Dearamae R , Safkolam R , Yacob M
Published: April 2021

Teaching and learning in science class of Thailand focused on the teaching integrated approaches to STEM education. To enhance students to participate in doing an activity and learning in class in order to provide the students to more understand about the scientific contents. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate pre-service teachers’ teaching active learning to be STEM education. In this studied, there were two pre-service teachers to be case studies, PST-A and PST-B. The data were collected by investigation lesson plans, classroom observation and interview. Then, the data were analyzed by grouping word by using the criteria of characteristics of active learning from Bonwell & Eison [3] and interpretation. The results found that PST-A and PST-B teaching corresponding to characteristics of active learning. The teaching activities of all of them were the feature of teaching activity in STEM education were; 1) students were development skills and engaged in doing activities such as practicing, observing, discussion, collaboration and calculation, this teaching and learning prompted students learn science by using science and mathematics in STEM, 2) students’ learning was using simulation and video teaching about solar cell, this teaching and learning prompted students learn science by using technology in STEM, and 3) students are involved with higher order thinking and their attitudes such as analysis, design and creating, this teaching and learning prompted students learn science by using engineering in STEM. From the results shown that when pre-service teachers teach students with active learning in class could prompt students’ learning to be STEM education.
Pre-service mathematics teachers’ perspectives on STEM-based learning activities
Authors: Poonpaiboonpipat Wanintorn
Published: April 2021

As STEM education is the learning approach which involves integration from various subjects, ambiguity and differences in the interpretation of the process among the users from different subjective backgrounds can occur, particularly the pre-service teachers who have less experience in teaching. They shall implement this teaching approach with confident in teaching mathematics which is one of the subjects in STEM education, this research has focused on mathematics teachers’ perspectives toward the STEM learning activities. The participants were 36 pre-service mathematics teachers in the academic year 2017. The research instrument used for collecting data was teacher reflective journals and lesson plans. The data was analyzed by content analysis, coding, generating themes and finding the associate frequency of pre-service mathematics teachers in each theme. The finding showed that most pre-service mathematics teachers learnt the concept of STEM education and could design learning activities based on STEM education. The difficulties in learning activities design were to create the integrated situations and to set the conditions related to engineering design processes. They wanted to revise their lesson plans to be more stressed in mathematical concepts and they still wondered if STEM education was suitable and applicable to every mathematical content.
Analyzed and Causal Factor the 21st Century Leadership 4.0 of Science Educational for Sustainable
Authors: Jedaman Pornchai , Kenaphoom Sunya , Jongmuanwai Benjapuk , Niyomves Busara
Published: April 2021

Science educational were the key indicators of a capacity. Leadership 4.0 is a process that influences changes in the attitudes and assumptions of the personnel in the organization, creating a bond for change, have to an important objectives and strategies. This article aims to presented about to analyzed and causal factor 21st century leadership 4.0 of science educational for sustainable. Competencies to the 21st century leadership 4.0 of science for sustainable including leadership spirit and vision, morals and ethics, pursuing service, leader competency and evaluation. Skills to 21st century of science for sustainable of reading, writing, arithmetic, relation technology and innovation, relation qualitative, critical thinking, creativity, creative tension, critical proactively, communication, collaboration, collaborative cultural, competency, connecting, composition, controlling, cost effectiveness, empowerment, efficiency and effective, evaluation. Causal factor of the competencies and skills the 21st century are to affective of science educational for sustainable to direct influence was statistically significant at a level of .05 level. Also, the roles of leaders into science educational for sustainable as being a leader of setting direction and encouraging leadership, a planner and management, change and coordination, communicator and resolving conflicts.
Formulation of Seasoned Sauce Product for Betong Instant Noodle
Authors: Muninnopamas Wipada , kanpairo Kamontip , Srisuk Suteera , Muninnopamas Jeerawoot , Hayeesamoh Abdulnaser
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study was to develop the seasoned sauce for instant Betong noodle. The developed seasoned sauce formula consisted of garlic, sugar, black soy sauce, soy sauce and vegetable oil in quantity of 24.5%, 14%, 1.5%, 24% and 36% respectively. The ratio study of seasoned sauce product per rehydrated Betong noodle 117 grams indicated that 50 grams of seasoned sauce per rehydrated Betong noodle 117 grams was the most favorite. The physical characteristics of seasoned sauce product for Betong instant noodle were the color of L*, a* and b* with value of 17.02, 11.29 and 23.04 respectively and the Water Activity (aw) with value of 0.60. The chemical characteristics were 5.09 pH and the quantity of salt, sugar, moisture, protein, fat, ash and fiber were 2.85%, 1.04%, 8.24%, 0.74%, 37.55%, 6.83% and 0.91% respectively. Meanwhile, the result from consumers’ acceptance survey revealed that 31.3% of consumers rated “Liked very much” with average score of 7.31±1.44.
Passive Protection of Unarmoured Objects
Authors: Wiśniewski Adam
Published: April 2021

This article presents problems related to passive composite protection of unarmoured objects (helicopters, vehicles, etc.). It is focused on building and testing the different add-on armours (panels) protecting unarmoured objects against small-arms armour piercing projectiles (kinetic energy - KE). It has been illustrated how to increase ballistic protection of composite armours with minimum mass for unarmoured objects. The selection of appropriate materials and their parameters affects the improvement of the protection capability of these panels. The different parameters of ceramic samples (Al2O3, SiC, Ti3SiC2, B4C) which were used for the panels are presented. Panels sized of 100×100 mm contained the different types of layers, eg. polyethylene, aluminum sheet and small sized ceramics plates (50×50 mm and thickness of 6 mm, 8 mm and 9 mm), etc. The tested panels were placed in a small frame and the rear surfaces of the panels were at a distance from „witness RHA” (Rolled Homogeneous Armour). The protection capability of panels for all types of tests were defined with the use of 5.56×45 mm SS109 HC projectiles (STANAG 4569), which reference depth of penetration was DP
ref=8 mm RHA.