bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic effects of percutaneous coronary intervention on acute myocardial infarction complicated with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome
Authors: Qian Dajun , Zhou Daqiong , Liu Huan , Xu Di
Published: October 2019

Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) complicated with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS).

Methods: A total of 216 patients with AMI complicated with MODS enrolled from January 2016 to March 2018 were divided into a PCI group (n=98) and a drug treatment group (n=118). The baseline clinical data, the incidence of each dysfunction organ, the number of dysfunctional organs and the mortality were compared between the two groups.

Results: The number of patients with ST-segment elevation AMI in the PCI group was higher than in the drug treatment group, and the rate of patients with non-ST-segment elevation AMI was lower than in the drug treatment group (P<0.05). The use of temporary pacemakers and IABP was similar between the two groups (P>0.05). The recanalization rate in PCI group was much higher than that in the drug treatment group (P<0.05). The two groups had similar incidence of organ dysfunction in the heart, lungs, kidneys, stomach and intestine, etc. and the PCI group had lower organ dysfunction incidence in the liver, brain and hematological system than the drug treatment group (P<0.05). The dysfunction incidence rate of two organs was higher in PCI group than in drug treatment group (P<0.05), the dysfunction incidence rate of 3 organs was similar between the two groups, and the dysfunction incidence rate of three organs or more was significantly lower in PCI group than in drug treatment group (P<0.05).

Conclusion: Despite the high risk and high mortality of patients with AMI plus MODS, clinical improvement can still be achieved when effective PCI is performed.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.1162

How to cite this:Qian D, Zhou D, Liu H, Xu D. Therapeutic effects of percutaneous coronary intervention on acute myocardial infarction complicated with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(6):1701-1706. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.1162

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Biochemical profile changes in stored donor blood for transfusion
Authors: AlMoshary May , Al Mussaed Eman , Arabdin Maria
Published: October 2019

Objectives: This study’s aim was to find out that how various biochemical parameters of donor blood are affected during storage.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in hematology Unit of Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar and Fatimid Foundation, Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, over a period of six months from June 2018 to November 2018. This study includes 300 healthy volunteer donors. Analysis of stored blood was done at 0, 3, 7, 14- and 21-days interval. Data were recorded and analyzed in SPSS v 20. A p value of less than 0.05 was taken as significant.

Results: Three hundred healthy volunteer donors were included in the study in which 63% were male and 37% were females. Mean age was 26.54±7.3 years with age range from 23-46 years. Out of 300 donors 15.33% were O+, 35.33%, 9.66% B+, 8.33% A+, 7.66% AB+, 7.66% O-, 7% A- and 9% B-. Significant. Changes were observed in serum potassium, LDH, pH, serum chloride, serum sodium and AST levels. (p:<0.001). however, storage did not affect rest of the parameters.

Conclusion: This study reveals that during storage certain changes occur in haematological and biochemical parameters which ultimately may put patients at risk.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.220

How to cite this:Al-Moshary M, Al-Mussaed E, Arab-din M. Biochemical profile changes in stored donor blood for transfusion. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(6):1697-1700. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.220

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Waist to height ratio as a screening tool for identifying childhood obesity and associated factors
Authors: Kılınç Arda , Çöl Nilgün , Demircioğlu-Kılıç Beltinge , Aydin Neriman , Balat Ayse , Keskin Mehmet
Published: October 2019

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of obesity and associated factors during childhood in Southeastern Turkey. Another objective was to determine the cut-off points of Waist to Height Ratio (WHtR) values for defining obesity/abdominal obesity.

Methods: The community-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Gaziantep Turkey between November 2011 and December 2011 with 2718 primary school/high schools students aged 6-17 years. The SPSS 22.00 was used for the analysis of data.

Results: The prevalence of overweight, obesity, abdominal obesity, was 13.2%, 4.2% ,26.4%, respectively. There was a reverse relationship between BMI/WC values and sleep durations (p<0.05). The BMI/WC values were higher in students with computer usage time ≥1 hours in a day (p<0.05). Parental obesity status has an effective role on the WC/BMI values of children (p<0.05). The WHtR was a good predictor of diagnosis on obesity and abdominal obesity (AUC=0.928, p<0.0001; AUC=0.920, p<0.0001; respectively). The optimal cut-off values for obesity and abdominal obesity were detected as 0.5077, 0.4741, respectively.

Conclusions: The WHtR can be used for diagnosis of obesity/abdominal obesity. Parental obesity, short sleep duration and computer use more than one hour per day are risk factors for the development of obesity in children and adolescents.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.748

How to cite this:Kilinc A, Col N, Demircioglu-Kilic B, Aydin N, Balat A, Keskin M. Waist to height ratio as a screening tool for identifying childhood obesity and associated factors. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(6):1652-1658. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.748

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Case Report: Pancytopenia as an indicator for lysosomal storage disease (Gaucher's Disease)
Authors: Ortega-Rosales Alberto , Burneo-Rosales Carlos , Romero-Ulloa Gilda , Burneo-Rosales Gabriela
Published: October 2019

Introduction: Lysosomal storage disorders are a rare group of diseases with genetic origin in which Gaucher Disease (GD) stands out as the most frequent. GD type 1 is the most common form of this condition, and patients with this pathology present with unexplained cytopenias, in addition to hepatosplenomegaly, bone involvement, and in other cases neurological disorders. A case of a patient is presented, whose results showed thrombocytopenia and leukopenia in addition to hepatosplenomegaly. In Ecuador, there are very few reported cases of this clinical entity, and information on this disease is very limited.

Case: We present a case of a patient diagnosed with GD, who presented with thrombocytopenia and leukopenia in addition to hepatosplenomegaly, with the aim of emphasizing the importance of early recognition of this pathology, especially in patients with unexplained cytopenia’s or hepatosplenomegaly’s. In suspicion of GD, enzymatic quantification of β-glucocerebrosidase was performed, showing its deficit in addition to alteration in the GBA gene. 

Conclusion: We believe that a high index of suspicion together with enzymatic and genetic testing are essential for an early specific diagnosis, which will allow the administration of timely treatment and avoid irreversible complications in order to reduce morbidity and improve the clinical aspects of the patient.
Seroprevalence of human cytomegalovirus among pregnant women who had undergone abortion(s) attending El-Damazin Hospital for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sudan: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Elbushra Salih , Ahmed Mohammed Seed , Talha Albadawi Abdelbagi , Gamar Tarig A. , Ahmed Elhadi A.
Published: October 2019

Background: Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a major cause of congenital infections. It is more widespread in developing countries and communities with low socioeconomic status. The infection can cause pregnancy loss or spontaneous abortion. Tests are available for the detection of HCMV IgG and IgM antibodies. Many pregnant women in Blue Nile State, Sudan, have suffered from recurrent pregnancy loss, and currently there is no available data concerning the prevalence of HCMV in Blue Nile state. This study aimed to determine HCMV antibodies (IgG and IgM) among pregnant women, who had undergone abortion(s), attending El-Damazin Hospital for Obstetrics and Gynecology.  

Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional hospital-based study. 270 pregnant women, who had undergone abortion(s) and who attended El-Damazin Hospital for Obstetrics and Gynecology, were included in the study from September to December 2018. Personal and clinical data were collected directly from each participant into a predesigned questionnaire. Serum samples were separated and stored at -20˚C until used. Samples were analyzed for HCMV IgG and IgM using enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA).

Results: Participants were categorized into three age groups: 15-25 years (33.7%; 91/270); 26-40 years (62.2%; 168/270); and >41 years (4.1%; 11/270). The majority of the participants had IgG antibodies to HCMV (74.8%; 202/270), while only 13.3% (36/270) had IgM antibodies to HCMV. Most abortion cases were documented in the first trimester (85.6%; 231/270) and this had a significant relationship with IgG level (P=0.003). Low socioeconomic status was recorded in 84.8% (229/270) of participants and showed significant correlation with IgG level (P=0.025), whereas illiteracy was reported in 41.9% (113/270) of participants and did not have a significant relationship.  

Conclusions: Seroprevalence of HCMV in this study population was 74.8% for IgG antibodies. There was an association between HCMV IgG level and first trimester abortion and low socioeconomic status among the studied women.
Altitude and its inverse association with abdominal obesity in an Andean country: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Pajuelo-Ramírez Jaime , Torres-Aparcana Harold , Agüero-Zamora Rosa , Quispe Antonio M.
Published: October 2019

Background: Abdominal obesity represents an accurate predictor of overall morbidity and mortality, which is worrisome because it is also continuously increasing across Andean countries. However, its relationship with altitude remains unclear. The objective of this study was to assess the association between altitude and abdominal obesity in Peru, and how sociodemographic variables impact this association.

Methods: We estimated the prevalence of abdominal obesity in Peru and analyzed its association with altitude using the data from the 2012-2013 National Household Survey (ENAHO). During this survey, a representative sample of Peruvians was screened for abdominal obesity, using waist circumference as a proxy, and the Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines cutoffs.

Results: Data were analyzed from a sample of 20,489 Peruvians (51% male). The prevalence of abdominal obesity was estimated at 33.6% (95% CI: 32.5 to 34.6%). In Peru, altitude was significantly and inversely associated with abdominal obesity, decreasing with higher altitudes: 1500-2999 meters above mean sea level (MAMSL) vs <1500 MAMSL, adjusted prevalence rate [aPR]= 0.86 (95% CI: 0.75 to 0.97); ≥3000 MAMSL vs <1500 MAMSL, aPR= 0.98 (95% CI: 0.87 to 1.11), when adjusting by age, gender and residence area (rural/urban). However, this association was significantly modified by age and gender (p< 0.001).

Conclusion: Abdominal obesity is highly prevalent in Peru and decreases significantly with altitude, but age and gender modify this association. Thus, abdominal obesity appears to affect older women from low altitudes more than younger men from high altitudes.
Tribology
Authors: Доценко Анатолий , Dotsenko Anatoliy , Буяновский Илья , Buyanovskiy Ilya
Published: October 2019

The textbook describes the history of tribology and its scientific and technical section-tribology - from ancient times to the present day. Deals with modern ideas about the properties of surfaces and their contact, are the foundations of the theory of friction and wear of solid bodies and lubricants, the data of the present tribological materials, including nanomaterials and methods of tribological testing and provide the desired wear resistance and reduced energy losses through friction.
Meets the requirements of the Federal state educational standards of higher education of the last generation.
It is intended for University students studying in the direction of "Construction", and can also be useful to students studying in the direction of "Ground transport and technological complexes".
The struggle for Eurasia in the focus of transport geostrategies
Authors: Харламова Юлия , Kharlamova Yulia
Published: October 2019

The monograph examines the problems that play an important role in the processes of construction of transport geostrategies on the Eurasian continent. In the process of redrawing world spaces, the transport sphere (along with financial and information) often acts as a catalyst for modern transformations. It is emphasized that thanks to transport networks, the economy on a global scale is structured in a very specific way. To increase the potential of any state and society (the peoples living in it), the creation of conditions of communication community (in the broadest sense) is an integral component of its sustainability. The thesis is proved that the direction of flow of many global integration or disintegration processes corresponding to the new world conditions depends on reliable and fast operation of transport communications. Special attention is paid to the concept of the modern Chinese state "one belt - one road", which the Chinese elite actively promotes in the external space. Some aspects of economic and transport development of the Arctic region in the context of the functioning of the Northern sea route are considered. Due attention is paid to the special role of Central Asia in the context of these problems, as well as the implementation of the international transport project "North-South".
For students and teachers, as well as for all those interested in Economics and politics.
The Effect of Reporting Streaks on Ex Ante Uncertainty
Authors: Neururer Thaddeus , Papadakis George , Riedl Edward J.
Published: October 2019

This paper predicts and finds that investor uncertainty surrounding a key information release event—the earnings announcement—is decreasing in a firm’s reporting streak. We use two proxies related to investor ex ante uncertainty and corresponding pricing of such uncertainty: option-implied volatilities and variance risk premiums; both are measured with maturities surrounding the impending quarterly earnings announcement. Consistent with prior research, we measure reporting streak as the number of consecutive quarters the firm meets or beats the consensus analyst earnings-per-share forecast. Empirical results confirm expectations that the two uncertainty-related constructs are decreasing in the length of the reporting streak. These results, combined with further evidence documenting that lower uncertainty leads to lower stock returns surrounding the earnings announcements, suggest that longer reporting streaks reflect lower risk during earnings announcements.

This paper was accepted by Shiva Rajgopal, accounting.
Heuristic Thinking in Patient Care
Authors: KC Diwas Singh
Published: October 2019

This paper studies heuristic thinking and cognitive bias using a natural experiment from the field. The setting for the study is a set of acute care hospitals, where we examine the care process and discharge decisions for individual patients. Determining a patient’s suitability for discharge is cognitively taxing, calling for the decision maker to draw on up-to-date clinical expertise and detailed information. We postulate that bounded rationality in decision making can lead the care provider to substitute clinical readiness for discharge, a more cognitively complex attribute, with the observed days spent in the hospital, a more easily accessible heuristic. Identifying the use of the heuristic is challenging, as patient readiness for discharge is often correlated with the time spent in the hospital. Our identification strategy, motivated by regression discontinuity design, exploits a discontinuity associated with the admission process at midnight. On the basis of more than 177,000 patient discharges spanning eight years, we find support for the use of the heuristic: 19.2% (95% confidence interval (CI) [14.6%, 23.8%]) of patients incur an increased length of stay by a day on average as a result of the heuristic. We also find that the reliance on the heuristic is associated with overtreatment; postmidnight patients on average cost $512 (95% CI [$100, $923]) more but without any corresponding improvement in healthcare outcomes. A counterfactual analysis shows that eliminating the heuristic lowers the bed capacity needed to maintain the same patient throughput. For example, for a hospital unit in our study with a bed capacity of 106, eliminating the heuristic would allow the hospital to maintain the same throughput with 1.61 fewer beds on average. These findings have a number of implications for policy formulation and managerial decision making.

This paper was accepted by Vishal Gaur, operations management.
Nutrition in wound healing: investigation of the molecular mechanisms, a narrative review
Authors: Palmieri Beniamino , Vadalà Maria , Laurino Carmen
Published: October 2019

Nutrition can be outlined in terms of epigenetic signals influencing each of the wound healing steps (haemostasis, inflammatory, proliferative and remodelling phase). Specific nutrients, such as amino acids, minerals, vitamins, natural compounds and herbal extracts, target DNA-regulating transcription factors, cytokines, extracellular matrix proteins and glycosaminoglycan, and are specifically involved in the wound healing process. This review focuses on experimental in vivo and clinical evidence of dietary supplements administration in pressure ulcers. A good nutritional status is, for example, fundamental to the haemostasis phase of skin wounds. In the inflammatory phase, vitamin A enhances cytokine release, bromelain and amino acids prevent prolonged inflammatory events, while vitamin C enhances neutrophil migration and lymphocyte activation. In the proliferative phase, vitamin C and Centella asiatica are required for collagen synthesis. Glucosamine enhances hyaluronic acid production, vitamin A promotes epithelial cell differentiation, zinc is required for DNA and protein synthesis and cell division, and Aloe vera supports granulation tissue generation. Finally, in the remodelling phase, amino acids and proteins play a key role in wound scar stabilisation.
Wound healing activity of Pimpinella anisum methanolic extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Hashemnia Mohammad , Nikousefat Zahra , Mohammadalipour Adel , Zangeneh Mohammad-Mahdi , Zangeneh Akram
Published: October 2019

Objective:

To assess the wound healing potential of Pimpinella anisum on cutaneous wounds in diabetic rats.

Method:

Full-thickness excisional wounds were made on the back of male, Sprague-Dawley rats with diabetes. The rats were randomly allocated into four treatment groups: 1ml basal cream; tetracycline (3%); Pimpinella anisum 10% for 14 days; and a control group. At days seven, 14 and 21 post-injury, five animals of each group were euthanised, and wounds were assessed through gross, histopathological and oxidant/antioxidant evaluations. Additionally, the dry matter and hydroxyproline contents of the skin samples were measured.

Results:

A total of 60 rats were used in the study. A significant decrease in the wound size was observed in treated animals with Pimpinella anisum compared with other groups during the experiment. Additionally, treatment with Pimpinella anisum decreased the number of lymphocytes and improved the number of fibroblasts at the earlier stages and increased a number of fibrocytes at the later stages of wound healing. Other parameters such as re-epithelialisation, tissue alignment, greater maturity of collagen fibres and large capillary-sized blood vessels revealed significant changes when compared with the control. Pimpinella anisum significantly reverted oxidative changes of total antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde and glutathione peroxidase induced by diabetic wounds (p<0.05). Furthermore, it significantly increased the dry matter and hydroxyproline contents at various stages of wound healing (p<0.05).

Conclusion:

The present study showed that application of Pimpinella anisum extract promotes wound healing activity in diabetic rats. The wound-healing property of Pimpinella anisum can be attributed to the phytoconstituents present in the plant.
Interpreting Anion Gap Values in Adult and Pediatric Patients: Examining the Reference Interval
Authors: Ayala-Lopez Nadia , Harb Roa
Published: October 2019

Background

The anion gap is primarily used in the diagnosis of acid-base disorders. We conducted a study to determine the anion gap reference interval in our patient population, investigated the workup of abnormal vs normal anion gaps, and examined the anion gap variation upon repeated testing.

Methods

A retrospective review was performed on 17137 adult and pediatric patients who presented to Yale-New Haven Hospital outpatient clinics, emergency department, or intensive care units between 2012 and 2017.

Results

We derived a new reference interval of 7 to 18 mmol/L with a median of 13 mmol/L in healthy adults with no significant differences owing to partitioning by sex or age. Based on the new reference interval, 5%, 23%, and 18% of healthy, emergency department, and intensive care unit adult patients, respectively, were misclassified as having high values with the previous interval of 6 to 16 mmol/L. However, there were no significant differences in the number of tests ordered in patients with anion gaps above and below the upper limit of the previous reference interval. The majority of increased anion gaps that were repeated normalized by 12 h. In a subgroup of healthy adult patients with annual testing, the median percent change in each patient's anion gap from 2015 to 2016 was approximately 13%.

Conclusions

The anion gap should be used with an appropriate reference interval to avoid misclassification. There may be a moderate degree of individuality that argues for comparing the anion gap with its baseline value in the same patient pending further studies that formally derive its biological variation.
Reflexiones y emociones a propósito de las VIII Jornadas Internacionales de Cultura de los Cuidados
Authors: Cibanal Juan Luis
Published: October 2019

Notas fruto de las experiencias y reflexiones surgidas a tenor de lo acontecido en las VIII Jornadas Internacionales de Cultura de los Cuidados.
Una excepción en la trayectoria formativa de las mujeres: Al-Ándalus en los siglos VIII-XII
Authors: Espina-Jerez Blanca , Domínguez-Isabel Patricia , Gómez-Cantarino Sagrario , Pina-Queirós Paulo Joaquim , Bouzas-Mosquera Carmen
Published: October 2019

Introducción: diferenciando lugares y períodos históricos, la mujer residente en Al-Ándalus durante los siglos VIII-XII pudo formarse de manera reglada en la medicina y el cuidado. Tal inflexión entre normativa jurídico-religiosa y práctica sanitaria se debió a diferentes factores.Objetivo general: esclarecer el recorrido formativo de las mujeres de Al-Ándalus durante los siglos VIII-XII. Objetivos específicos: conocer los inicios formativos de las mujeres en Al-Ándalus; establecer las vías de formación en salud de la mujer andalusí; determinar las figuras femeninas resultantes dedicadas a la atención sanitaria en Al-Ándalus según su formación.Metodología: revisión histórico-descriptiva. Búsqueda bibliográfica en fuentes primarias, artículos originales, manuales y otros, bibliotecas, archivos históricos y bases de datos.Resultados: la educación de la mujer andalusí comenzó con el aprendizaje de la lecto-escritura del Corán. La formación en salud estuvo vinculada a docentes masculinos, tabib, y femeninas, tabiba y qabila. Cuando terminaban su formación, debían adquirir la iyaza y superar un examen teórico-práctico. Se formaron en medicina hispano-árabe.Conclusiones: la formación de tabibas y qabilas andalusíes fue silenciosa pero revolucionaria, dado su carácter reglado y formal, e hizo aportaciones a la obstetricia de la época. Parte de la tradición formativa en Al-Ándalus perdura hasta la actualidad.
Entre ritos e contextos: Decisões e significados atribuídos ao parto natural humanizado
Authors: Oliveira de Araújo Bárbara Régia , Soares Figueiredo Trezza Maria Cristina , Dos Santos Regina Maria , Lages Ferrer de Oliveira Larissa , Tenório Ribeiro Pinto Laura Maria
Published: October 2019

É objeto deste estudo o desenvolvimento de decisões e significados atribuídos por mulheres de diferentes contextos de saúde ao parto natural humanizado. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo e descritivo baseado nos relatos de 14 mulheres de Maceió/AL, Brasil. Para produção de informações utilizou-se formulário baseado na Teoria do Cuidado Transcultural de Madeleine Leininger. Dos resultados emergiram dois grupos: A) mulheres que desejaram parto natural humanizado e, B) mulheres que não desejaram um parto natural humanizado. As primeiras fizeram-no acreditando em seus benefícios materno-fetais e ainda desejando o exercício de sua autonomia, parindo respeitosamente por meio de uma assistência livre de violências; enquanto as mulheres do segundo grupo relataram motivos distintos para sua escolha, fosse pelo entendimento das deficiências do Sistema Único de Saúde ou pelo próprio medo da dor e fácil acesso às cesarianas eletivas. Compreendeu-se assim que os significados e decisões das informantes acerca dos seus tipos de parto estão intimamente relacionados com seus contextos e entendimento de seu processo saúde doença atrelados à parturição.
Cuidado humanizado en el postoperatorio inmediato de pacientes histerectomizadas
Authors: Camero Solórzano Yuneyda Beatriz , Meléndez Mogollón Isabel Cristina , Álvarez González Arelys Rebeca , Apuntes Guerrero Jenny
Published: October 2019

Objetivo: Analizar el cuidado humanizado en el postoperatorio inmediato de pacientes histerectomizadas, en edades de 25 a 40, de la Clínica Olympus, durante el período marzo-agosto 2017. Método: El estudio se enmarca en un enfoque cuantitativo, con un nivel descriptivo, apoyado en una investigación de campo. La recolección de información se realizó a través de la técnica de la encuesta, con la aplicación de un cuestionario de 11 ítems a 18 enfermeras, para obtener los datos requeridos. Resultados: La aplicación del cuidado humanizado se evidencia parcialmente en la atención de necesidades biológicas en las pacientes. La mayoría de los encuestados se comunican efectivamente, sin embargo, se manifiesta un alto nivel de indiferencia, por parte del personal de enfermería, en la atención del dolor como necesidad básica en el postoperatorio de histerectomía. Así también, es una debilidad la ausencia de un instrumento de evaluación de la satisfacción del usuario. Conclusiones: El cuidado humanizado es un proceso complejo pero indispensable durante la asistencia de postoperatorio en histerectomías. Dentro de la institución de salud abordada, este cuidado se desarrolla de manera fragmentada, no obstante, existe una apertura en los profesionales de enfermería para la humanización de la atención.
Status Limnologis Danau Siombak, Medan, Sumatra Utara
Authors: Muhtadi Ahmad , Yunasfi Yunasfi , Leidonald Rusdi , Sandy Sarah D. , Junaidy Adil , Daulay Achmad T.
Published: October 2019

Limnological Status of Lake Siombak, Medan, North Sumatra. Lake Siombak is located in the coastal area of Medan city, making its waters influenced by the tides. The lake serves as a water catchment, flood control, fishing area, and tourist destination. Various activities in the lake have led to changes in the environmental quality of the lake. To maintain the sustainability of the lake, efforts are needed for proper management. Lake management should begin with a good understanding of the nature and characteristics of the waters. This study aimed to determine the limnological status of Lake Siombak through morphometric analysis, aspects of physics, chemistry, and biology, as well as trophic status of the waters. Morphometry included dimensions of water surface and subsurface. Physics parameters included temperature, Total Suspended Solid (TSS), water clarity, electrical conductivity (EC), and salinity. Chemical parameters included pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD5), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), nitrates, and phosphates. Biological parameters included community structure of nekton and benthos. Measurement of lake morphometry was performed in April 2014 at high and low tides. Measurements of water quality and biological sample collection were conducted in May-July 2014 at high and low tides. The results showed that Lake Siombak has an area of 41.44 ha with a maximum depth of 5 m at high tide and 4 m at low tide. Based on the aspects of physics, chemistry, and biology of the waters, Lake Siombak was categorized as an open waters influenced by the tides and was saline with high level of oxygen. The lake water retention time (Rt) was 15.65 hours and discharged (Q) 3.7 x 107 m3/h of water at high tide and 3.0 x 107 m3/h at low tide. High phosphate concentration indicated these waters have already been polluted. However, the water quality of Lake Siombak was still suitable for fishing activities. Benthos and nekton communities were relatively unstable. Benthic community was dominated by Blue Mussel (Mytilus edulis) at high tide (57%) and Red-rimmed Melania (Melanoides tuberculata) at low tide (41.34%). Nekton community was dominated by Blue Panchax (Aplocheilus panchax) at high tide (74.07%) and low tide (64.79%). In general, Lake Siombak was classified as eutrophic.
Laju Dekomposisi Serasah Daun di Ekosistem Bakau Pulau Kelong, Kabupaten Bintan
Authors: Dharmawan I Wayan Eka , Zamani Neviaty P. , Madduppa Hawis H.
Published: October 2019

Decomposition Rate of Leaf Litter in The Mangrove Ecosystem of Kelong Island, Bintan Regency. The mangrove forests in the southeastern part of Kelong Island have abundant carbon reserves that indicate high primary productivity areas. Decomposition of leaf litter, as a part of regional productivity, produces simple essential nutrients utilized to sustain the growth of mangroves. The purpose of this study was to determine the decomposition rate of leaf litter in each zone of the study, the Landward (L), Middlezone (M), and Seaward (S) which is distinguished by the abundance of plant species and in situ environmental parameters. The experiment was conducted in March–May 2015 in the mangrove areas of Island Kelong, Bintan regency. The decomposition process was observed at six time intervals, i.e. 2, 4, 7, 14, 28, and 42 days using net bag containing 10 g of wet leaves placed on the substrate surface. The results showed that L was a zone with highest percentage of decomposition (56.34 ± 20.58%) compared to the M and S, respectively for 51.59 ± 15.46% and 51.09 ± 8.70%. The highest rate of litter decomposition in zone L was 1.40 ± 0.82 g·m-2·day-1 that was significantly different from the zones M and S, respectively of 0.83 ± 0.89 g·m-2·day-1 and 0.78 ± 0.70 g·m-2·day-1.  Analysis of the coefficient of decomposition rate (k) indicated that the rate of decomposition in this region was high (k > 0.01). The decomposition rate has a significant correlation with the abundance of mangrove species, the salinity value of the water, and soil temperature.
Filogeni Timun Laut (Holothuroidea: Stichopodidae) Berdasarkan Karakteristik Morfologis
Authors: Wirawati Ismiliana , Purwati Pradina
Published: October 2019

Phylogeny of Sea Cucumbers (Holothuroidea: Stichopodidae) Based on Morphological Characteristics. Identifiers in the class of sea cucumber (Holothuroidea, Echinodermata) constitute the external morphology, internal organs, and spicules. These characteristics may indicate a high level of similarity for particular families, including family Stichopodidae. This family is one of the Holothuroidea (Echinodermata) that represents the majority of commercial species found widespread in the tropical shallow waters. Until now, the evolution of sea cucumber based on morphological characteristics used to determine the status of the characteristics applicable to the phylogeny analysis is still under debate. In fact, research on the phylogeny of Stichopodidae, has not been done yet. This paper reports the phylogeny study of Stichopodidae species in Indonesia to determine the closeness among its species. Specimens used in this study were the collection of Research Center for Oceanography LIPI consisting of nine species of Stichopodidae (as ingroup) and two species of Holothuriidae (as outgroup). The construction of phylogeny tree was done by applying the maximum parsimony method and PAUP 4.0b program using 78 morphological characteristics. It resulted in two phylogeny trees separating consistently the genus Stichopus from the genus Thelenota (bootstrap 99% and 100%) with the stable position in each genus. Both these genera of Stichopodidae have the same number of synapomorphs. Stichopus has ten homoplastic characteristics among its species, while Thelenota does not have any. Six of the nine species of Stichopodidae show autapomorph characteristics which are proper to species level
Gastropoda Mangrove dari Pulau Lombok, Nusa Tenggara Barat
Authors: Mujiono Nova
Published: October 2019

Mangrove Gastropods from Lombok Island, West Nusa Tenggara. Mangrove forest in Lombok island covers an area of 3,305 ha; an area of 1,643 ha (49.7%) is still in good condition and the remaining 1,662 ha (50.3%) is in damaged condition. The damaged mangrove will impact on the decline of fauna biodiversity. This research was conducted in April 2015 and aimed to determine the composition and distribution of mangrove mollusks, especially gastropods, in Lombok Island. The method used is purposive sampling and visual encounter. Observations were carried out at six stations. A total of 1,236 specimens have been collected, consisting of 11 families and 31 species. Species composition ranged 5–13 species for each station. Gastropod species composition was influenced by physical environmental conditions of mangrove forest. Chicoreus capucinus was the only carnivorous gastropod found in this location and Haminoea tenera (Haminoeidae) was a new record for Indonesia.
Kajian Metode Klasifikasi Citra Landsat-8 untuk Pemetaan Habitat Bentik di Kepulauan Padaido, Papua
Authors: Hafizt Muhammad , Iswari Marindah Yulia , Prayudha Bayu
Published: October 2019

Assessment of Landsat-8 Classification Method for Benthic Habitat Mapping in Padaido Islands, Papua. Indonesia is the biggest archipelagic country in the world with an area of coral reefs of 39,583 km.This area has to be managed effectively and efficiently utilizing satellite remote sensing technique capable of mapping of benthic habitat coverage, such as coral reefs, seagrasses, macroalgae, and bare substrates. The technique is supported by the availability of Landsat-8 OLI satellite images that have been recording the regions of Indonesia continuously every 16 days. This research was carried out in June 2015 in parts of Padaido Islands, Papua. This area was selected due to high coral reef damages. This study utilized Landsat-8 OLI to compare two classification methods, namely pixel based and object based methods using ‘maximum 2 likelihood’ (ML) and ‘example based feature extraction’ classifications, respectively, after water column correction (Lyzenga method).  The results showed that both methods produced benthic habitat maps with 7 class covers. The pixel-based classification resulted in a better overall accuracy (47.57%) in the mapping of benthic habitats than object-based classification approach (36.17%). Thus, the ML classification is applicable for benthic habitat mapping in Padaido Islands. However, the consistency of this method must be analyzed in many diffrent locations of Indonesian waters.
Komposisi Tumbuhan Air dan Tumbuhan Riparian di Danau Sentani, Provinsi Papua
Authors: Paramitha I Gusti Ayu Agung Pradnya , Kurniawan Riky
Published: October 2019

Composition of Aquatic Macrophytes and Riparian Vegetation in Lake Sentani, Papua Province. Macrophytes and riparian vegetation play an important role in maintaining the balance of aquatic ecosystems. The loss of vegetation components can lead to increased sedimentation and change the microhabitat in the waters. This research aimed to obtain the composition of aquatic macrophytes and riparian vegetation in Lake Sentani, as well as to determine the status of waters and the characteristics of riparian zones in Sentani Lake. The research was conducted from September to October 2014. The sampling of aquatic macrophytes and riparian vegetation was conducted at 5 stations: St.1 (Doyo Lama), St.2 (Donday), St.3 (Deyau), St.4 (Kalkotte), and St. 5 (Jaifuri). Data of aquatic macrophytes was taken using square plot (1 x 1 m2) of 15 plots, while riparian vegetation data used survey method with 10 m transect line from the shoreline. The results showed that there were 10 species of aquatic macrophytes from 8 families and 30 species of riparian vegetation from 18 families. Based on these aquatic macrophytes and riparian vegetation, Lake Sentani is categorized as eutrophic, with the dominant macrophyte being hornworts (Ceratophyllum demersum L.; 135 individuals). Station 4 (Kalkotte) has the largest number of individual aquatic macrophytes (96 individuals). Cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv.) was found to be the most abundant species of riparian vegetation in all stations (190 individuals). This is related to the shoreline of Lake Sentani which is largely a sandy soil. Station 5 (Jaifuri) has the largest number of species and the largest number of individual riparian vegetation (344 individuals from 20 species).
Distribusi Sedimen Permukaan Dasar Laut Perairan Sumba, Nusa Tenggara Timur
Authors: Putra Purna Sulastya , Nugroho Septriono Hari
Published: October 2019

Subsurface sediment distribution in the Sumba Waters, East Nusa Tenggara. Marine geological survey of the Ekspedisi Widya Nusantara 2016 was conducted in the Sumba Waters on 4 to 26 August 2016 using  Baruna Jaya VIII research vessel. The aim of this survey was to reveal the type and characteristics of the subsurface sediments of the Sumba Waters. A total of 13 samples were taken from the different depth in the subsurface bottom of the sea using grabbing methode with box corer. Grain size analysis were conducted using Mastersizer 2000 to understand the characteristics and the sediment type distribution. In general, the type of the subsurface sediment in the Sumba Waters is ranging from medium to very coarse sandy silt. Distribution of the subsurface sediments is correlated to depths. Grain size of the sediments in the Sumba Strait is coarser than in the western and southern of Sumba Island that directly connected to the Indian Ocean. Distribution of the subsurface sediment showing that the sediment, which are distributed further away from the coast is poorly sorted. The deposition of the subsurface-sea sediment is interpreted to represent a calm, and slow sedimentation mechanism under uniform suspension process.
Cadangan Karbon di Area Padang Lamun Pesisir Pulau Bintan, Kepulauan Riau
Authors: Indriani . , Wahyudi Aan J. , Yona Defri
Published: October 2019

Carbon Stock in Seagrass Meadows of Bintan Island, Riau Archipelago. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the main component of greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming. About 40 Tt CO2 was accumulated in the ocean plays an important role in the oceans’s carbon cycle. The ocean can absorb CO2 through photosynthesis by the planktonic community or coastal vegetations (i.e. seagrass and mangrove) to reduce atmospheric CO2. As a study case, we assessed Bintan Island that has the extensive area of seagrass meadows. The potential of seagrass meadows, especially in the absorption of CO2 can be estimated by determining the carbon stock. The dominant species of seagrass in Bintan Island are Enhalus acoroides and Thalassia hemprichii. The objectives of this study are carbon stock assessment of the sediment and seagrass habitus (i.e above substrate (AS) consist of leave blades and fronds and Below Substrate (BS) consist of roots and rhizomes). We compare carbon stock between AS and BS, as well as between two species. The result of the research show that carbon estimation value in Pengudang Station (PS) (68.398,47 g C/m2) is higher than Teluk Bakau Station  (57.763,47 g C/m2). The carbon estimation value of E. acoroides is higher that others either in TBS of PS. The carbon stock in BS is higher than AS. While the estimated carbon stock in the sediment in PS was higher than in TBS.
Toksisitas Herbisida Berbahan Aktif Isopropilamina Glifosat terhadap Pertumbuhan Benih Ikan Lele (Clarias gariepinus Burchell, 1822)
Authors: Hafiz Fahrian , Prasetiyono Eva , Syaputra Denny
Published: October 2019

Toxicity of Glyphosate Isopropylamine-based Herbicide on The Growth of Catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell, 1822) Juveniles.The herbicide based on glyphosate isopropylamine is a full grow up toxin for controlled weeds population. The kinds of this toxin are systemic and nonselective herbicides so that there is the greater using for farming land. The higher production rate of farming commodities are potentially to increase the utilization of farming land and utilization of herbicides. The intensive utilization of herbicides’s potential pollutant enter into aquaculture system. These conditions can occur due to the dilution of herbicide by rainwater, running water and bad community behavior that using herbicide. This study aimed to obtain LC50-96 hours and sublethal response of herbicide with glyphosate isopropylamine active ingredient. The herbicide was tested with exposed during 40 days to catfish juvenile (Clarias gariepinus). The observed responses were survival rate and growth consists of increase of length and weight of fish. Research was done by using experimental method. LC50-96 hours values were analyzed through simple linear regression analysis. Survival rate and growth of the fish on the sublethal treatment were analyzed by ANOVA. Sublethal treatment was tested with 0, 10, 20, and 30% of LC50-96 hours concentrations. Furthermore, another tests are conducted to see the differences among treatments. Result of study shows that the concentration of LC50-96 hours is 9.67 x 10-2 mL L-1. Test concentrations in subletal treatment were 0 ; 9.67 x 10-3 ; 1.94 x 10-2 ; and 2.90 x 10-2 mL L-1. Result shows that treatment with different concentration has significant effect on survival rate, length and weight of fish. Duncan test results show that the concentration of 9.67 x 10-3 mL L-1 is the lowest concentration that affects the survival rate and the increase weight of fish. Concentration of 2.90 x 10-2 mL L-1 is the lowest concentration that increase length of fish, significantly.
APRENDER A RESTAURAR, APRENDER A ORGANIZARNOS EL CASO DEL COLECTIVO CIUDADANO PRO BOSQUE PEDAGÓGICO DEL AGUA
APRENDER A RESTAURAR, APRENDER A NOS ORGANIZAR O CASO DO COLETIVO CIDADÃO PRO BOSQUE PEDAGÓGICO DA ÁGUA
LEARNING HOW TO RESTORE, LEARNING HOW TO ORGANIZE BY OURSELVES THE CASE OF THE COLLECTIVE CITZEN FOR PEDAGOGICAL WOODLANDS OF WATER
Authors: Hernández Jorge Gastón Gutiérrez Rosete
Published: October 2019

Se presenta el caso del Colectivo Ciudadano Pro Bosque Pedagógico del Agua y de la experiencia formativa y organizativa de sus integrantes, basada en fundamentos y principios de la pedagogía para la integralidad, la sustentabilidad integral, la comunalidad, el pensamiento complejo y las dinámicas caórdicas, y concretada mediante el modelo de bosque urbano nativo y la metodología de restauración forestal participativa mediante la construcción de tejido socioambiental. Destacando los principios fundantes de esta organización como su ser integral, colectivo, participativo, colaborativo, autónomo, intersectorial, continuo y multiplicable.

Apresenta-se o caso do Coletivo Cidadão Pro Bosque Pedagógico da Água e da experiência formativa e organizacional de seus integrantes, baseado em fundamentos e princípios da pedagogia para a integralidade, a sustentabilidade integral, a comunalidade, o pensamento complexo e as dinâmicas caórdicas, e concretizada mediante o modelo de floresta urbana nativa e a metodologia de restauração participativa da floresta através da construção do tecido socioambiental. Destacando os princípios fundamentais desta organização como, seu ser integral, coletivo, participativo, colaborativo, autônomo, intersetorial, contínuo e multiplicável.

The case of the Collective Citzen Pro Pedagogical Woodlands of Water is presented, as well as the formative and organizational experience of its members, based on fundaments and principles from pedagogy for integrality, integral sustainability, community, complex thinking and chaordic dynamics, and it is concretized by the model of urban native forest and the methodology of participative restoration of the forest through the construction of the socioenviornmental fabric. By way of highlighting the foundational principles of this organization, such as its integral, collective, collaborative, autonomous, intersectorial, continuous and multipliable being.
Intrathyroid content of iodine and thyroid function in diffuse nontoxic goiter
Authors: Tomashevsky I. O. , Gerasimov G. A. , Kosmacheva V. P. , Artyomova A. M. , Kenzhebayeva M. B. , Sviridenko N. Yu. , Khorobrykh V. V. , Kochetkova I. P. , Korepanova О. B. , Tomashevsky D. I.
Published: October 2019

The ultrasonic picture and volume of the thyroid, concentrations of intrathyroid stable iodine, total amount of stable iodine, scintigraphy of the organ, blood concentrations of basal TTH, fгее T4 and T3, antibodies to thyroglobulin, and microsomal fraction were studied in 77 patients (69 women and 8 men) with diffuse nontoxic goiter and 37 controls (18 women and 19 men) aged 18 to 50 without enlargement or signs of impairment of the function of the thyroid. Diffuse nontoxic goiter was found to be associated with increase of the thyroid volume, concentrations of intrathyroid stable iodine and total amount of stable iodine, and TTH, and a decreased concentration of T4. A deficit of intrathyroid stable iodine and of T3 in the blood was revealed in 20% of women with antibodies to thyroglobulin and microsomal fraction in the blood, in comparison with patients who had no antibodies to thyroglobulin and microsomal fraction. A reduced concentration of intrathyroid stable iodine in control women was attended by the presence of antibodies to thyroglobulin and/or microsomal fraction and indirect ultrasonic signs of autoimmune pathology of the thyroid. These results permit a conclusion that iodine measurements directly in the thyroid using noninvasive x-ray fluorescent analysis is a sensitive and informative additional method for the diagnosis of thyroid abnormalities.