bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Greater brain activity during the resting state and the control of activation during the performance of tasks
Authors: Huang Jie
Published: March 2019

The brain’s operations are mainly intrinsic, involving the acquisition and maintenance of information for interpreting, responding to and predicting environmental demands. The brain’s on-going intrinsic activity (i.e., the resting-state activity) is spontaneous, but this spontaneous activity exhibits a surprising level of spatial and temporal organization across the whole brain. In this study we compared the intrinsic activity with the activity evoked by tasks, and made the comparison at several levels of analysis from a finger-tapping-activated area within the primary sensorimotor cortex to the whole brain. We found that, contrary to our intuition, the intrinsic activity was substantially larger than the task activity and consistently so for all levels of analysis. For the task state, the brain: (1) controlled the intrinsic activity not only during the performance of a task but also during the rest between tasks; (2) activated a task-specific network only when the task was performed but kept it relatively “silent” for other different tasks; and (3) simultaneously controlled the activation of all task-specific networks during the performance of each task.
Using science to sell apps: Evaluation of mental health app store quality claims
Authors: Larsen Mark Erik , Huckvale Kit , Nicholas Jennifer , Torous John , Birrell Louise , Li Emily , Reda Bill
Published: March 2019

Despite the emergence of curated app libraries for mental health apps, personal searches by consumers remain a common method for discovering apps. App store descriptions therefore represent a key channel to inform consumer choice. This study examined the claims invoked through these app store descriptions, the extent to which scientific language is used to support such claims, and the corresponding evidence in the literature. Google Play and iTunes were searched for apps related to depression, self-harm, substance use, anxiety, and schizophrenia. The descriptions of the top-ranking, consumer-focused apps were coded to identify claims of acceptability and effectiveness, and forms of supporting statement. For apps which invoked ostensibly scientific principles, a literature search was conducted to assess their credibility. Seventy-three apps were coded, and the majority (64%) claimed effectiveness at diagnosing a mental health condition, or improving symptoms, mood or self-management. Scientific language was most frequently used to support these effectiveness claims (44%), although this included techniques not validated by literature searches (8/24 = 33%). Two apps described low-quality, primary evidence to support the use of the app. Only one app included a citation to published literature. A minority of apps (14%) described design or development involving lived experience, and none referenced certification or accreditation processes such as app libraries. Scientific language was the most frequently invoked form of support for use of mental health apps; however, high-quality evidence is not commonly described. Improved knowledge translation strategies may improve the adoption of other strategies, such as certification or lived experience co-design.
Dynamic host immune response in virus-associated cancers
Authors: Cao Song , Wylie Kristine M. , Wyczalkowski Matt A. , Karpova Alla , Ley Jessica , Sun Sam , Mashl R. Jay , Liang Wen-Wei , Wang Xiaowei , Johnson Kimberly , DiPersio John F. , Gay Hiram , Ratner Lee , Chen Feng , Adkins Douglas R. , Ding Li
Published: March 2019

Viruses drive carcinogenesis in human cancers through diverse mechanisms that have not been fully elucidated but include promoting immune escape. Here we investigated associations between virus-positivity and immune pathway alteration for 2009 tumors across six virus-related cancer types. Analysis revealed that for 3 of 72 human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) the HPV genome integrated in immune checkpoint genes PD-L1 or PD-L2, driving elevated expression in the corresponding gene. In addition to the previously described upregulation of the PD-1 immunosuppressive pathway in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive stomach tumors, we also observed upregulation of the PD-1 pathway in cytomegalovirus (CMV)-positive tumors. Furthermore, we found signatures of T-cell and B-cell response in HPV-positive HNSC and EBV-positive stomach tumors and HPV-positive HNSC patients were associated with better survival when T-cell signals were detected. Our work reveals that viral infection may recruit immune effector cells, and upregulate PD-1 and CTLA-4 immunosuppressive pathways.
Rivastigmine and metabolite analogues with putative Alzheimer’s disease-modifying properties in a Caenorhabditis elegans model
Authors: Dighe Satish N. , De la Mora Eugenio , Chan Stephen , Kantham Srinivas , McColl Gawain , Miles Jared A. , Veliyath Suresh Kumar , Sreenivas B. Yogi , Nassar Zeyad D. , Silman Israel , Sussman Joel L. , Weik Martin , McGeary Ross P. , Parat Marie-Odile , Brazzolotto Xavier , Ross Benjamin P.
Published: March 2019

The development of polyphenols as drugs for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is thwarted by their meagre brain availability due to instability and poor druglikeness. Here we describe the successful development of stable, druglike polyphenolic analogues of the current AD drug rivastigmine, that have high apparent blood-brain barrier permeabilities and multifunctional properties for AD treatment. The compounds inhibit cholinesterases and amyloid beta (Aβ) fibrillation, protect against Aβ42-induced toxicity in vitro, and demonstrate efficacy in vivo in a transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans model expressing Aβ42, with potencies similar to rivastigmine and natural polyphenols. The results suggest that a tertiary amine substituent is amenable for developing water-soluble, membrane-permeable polyphenols, and its incorporation adjacent to a hydroxy group is favourable for intramolecular hydrogen bonding that facilitates membrane permeability. Carbamylation of one hydroxy group protects the polyphenols from degradation and mostly improves their membrane permeability. These design strategies may assist in the development of polyphenol-based drugs.
Current concepts in nanostructured contrast media development for in vivo photoacoustic imaging
Authors: Maturi Mirko , Locatelli Erica , Monaco Ilaria , Comes Franchini Mauro
Published: March 2019

To overcome the endogenous photoacoustic contrast arising from endogenous species, specific contrast agents need to be developed, allowing PAI to successfully identify targeted contrast in the range of wavelength in which the interference from the biomatrix is minimized.
Copper(i) complexes of functionalized sulfur-containing ligands: structural and theoretical insights into chalcogen bonding
Authors: Gholivand Khodayar , Tizhoush Samaneh K. , Kozakiewicz Anna , Eskandari Kiamars , Farshadfar Kaveh
Published: March 2019

Four new copper(i) thiocyanate complexes were studied using geometrical parameters and the lump–hole approach for justification of the strength and nature of chalcogen bonding.
Synthesis and thermal characterization of novel phase change materials (PCMs) of the Se–Te–Sn–Ge (STSG) multi-component system: calorimetric studies of the glass/crystal phase transition
Authors: Pal Shiv Kumar , Chandel N. , Mehta N.
Published: March 2019

According to recent literature, germanium-containing chalcogenide glasses (ChGs) show improvement in thermal stability and glass-forming ability because of the self-organization of the glass network towards a more rigid structure.
Hydrogen sulfide generation and emission in urban sanitary sewer in China: what factor plays the critical role?
Authors: Zuo Zhiqiang , Chang Jian , Lu Zhengsheng , Wang Moran , Lin Yucong , Zheng Min , Zhu David Z. , Yu Tong , Huang Xia , Liu Yanchen
Published: March 2019

Identifying hydrogen sulfide (H2S) hotspots is critical for preventing/controlling odor and corrosion problems in sewer systems.
A photothermal-triggered nitric oxide nanogenerator combined with siRNA for precise therapy of osteoarthritis by suppressing macrophage inflammation
Authors: Chen Xu , Liu Yanan , Wen Yayu , Yu Qianqian , Liu Jiawei , Zhao Yingyu , Liu Jie , Ye Gang
Published: March 2019

Although nitric oxide (NO) can be used to treat osteoarthritis (OA) by inhibiting inflammation, a method for the accurately controlled release of NO in inflammatory cells is still elusive.
Multifunctional films with a highly oriented “nano-brick wall” structure by regulating modified TiO2@graphene oxide/poly(vinyl alcohol) nanocomposites
Authors: Bi Shumeng , Zhang Ling , Li Chunzhong
Published: March 2019

A multifunctional film based on a modified TiO2@GO/PVA nanocomposite with a multilayer nano-brick wall structure is fabricated by a facile approach.
Synthesis of chiral seven-membered cyclic sulfonamides through palladium-catalyzed arylation of cyclic imines
Authors: Zhao Zi-Biao , Shi Lei , Meng Fan-Jie , Li Yaming , Zhou Yong-Gui
Published: March 2019

An enantioselective palladium-catalyzed addition of arylboronic acids to seven-membered cyclic N-sulfonyl aldimines and ketimines has been developed, giving the chiral cyclic sulfonamides with excellent yields and up to 99% ee.
The medical application of terahertz technology in non-invasive detection of cells and tissues: opportunities and challenges
Authors: Yu Liu , Hao Liu , Meiqiong Tang , Jiaoqi Huang , Wei Liu , Jinying Dong , Xueping Chen , Weiling Fu , Yang Zhang
Published: March 2019

Terahertz (THz = 1012 Hz) spectroscopy has shown great potential in biomedical research due to its unique features, such as the non-invasive and label-free identification of living cells and medical imaging.
A broader view on jamming: from spring networks to circle packings
Authors: F. Hagh Varda , Corwin Eric I. , Stephenson Kenneth , Thorpe M. F.
Published: March 2019

Jammed packings can be generated by pruning elastic networks and mapping them into circle packings.
Phosphine-based porous aromatic frameworks for gold nanoparticle immobilization with superior catalytic activities
Authors: Yang Yuting , Wang Tienan , Jing Xiaofei , Zhu Guangshan
Published: March 2019

Phosphine-based porous aromatic frameworks (PAFs) with immobilized AuNPs exhibited superior catalytic activities and excellent recyclability towards the reduction of 4-nitrophenol.
Efficient white polymer light-emitting diodes (WPLEDs) based on double emitting layers of a PVK:Eu(iii)-complex and Alq3
Authors: He Yani , Liu Lin , Fu Guorui , Li Wentao , Lü Xingqiang , He Hongshan , Wong Wai-Yeung
Published: March 2019

Elaborated from the dEML-configured structure for WPLEDs with low turn-on voltage (6.0–7.5 V) and weak efficiency-roll-off, their efficiencies (ηc = 0.32–0.39 cd A−1, ηEQE = 0.54–0.56% and ηp = 0.99–1.10 lm W−1) represent the record values of organo-Eu3+-incorporated WPLEDs.
High-resolution colorimetric detection of lipase activity based on enzyme-controlled reshaping of gold nanorods
Authors: Zhang Hao , Wu Shengnan , Zhang Linghua , Jiang Ling , Huo Fengwei , Tian Danbi
Published: March 2019

The sensing mechanism of a high resolution colorimetric assay for the visual readout of lipase activity based on AuNR reshaping.
Short, symmetric-helical peptides have narrow-spectrum activity with low resistance potential and high selectivity
Authors: Chou Shuli , Wang Jiajun , Shang Lu , Akhtar Muhammad Usman , Wang Zhihua , Shi Baoming , Feng Xingjun , Shan Anshan
Published: March 2019

A narrow-spectrum antimicrobial peptide was obtained via database-filtering technology and symmetric-structure; the peptide disturbed bacterial membrane and reduced the cytokine levels in serum in the mouse model.
Photoelectrochemical properties of a well-structured 1.3 nm-thick pn junction crystal
Authors: Awaya Keisuke , Takashiba Akihide , Taniguchi Takaaki , Koinuma Michio , Ishihara Tatsumi , Ida Shintaro
Published: March 2019

A 1.3 nm-thick nickel hydroxide (p-type, 0.5 nm)/titania (n-type, 0.8 nm) pn junction prepared by lamination of nanosheets improved the onset potential for photoelectrochemical oxidation and increased the photooxidation current, indicating that ultrathin pn junctions suppress the recombination of photo-generated carriers.
In situ study of the low overpotential “dimer pathway” for electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction by manganese carbonyl complexes
Authors: Neri Gaia , Donaldson Paul M. , Cowan Alexander J.
Published: March 2019

In situ VSFG spectroscopy was used to probe the mechanism of the lower overpotential “dimer pathway” for the CO2 reduction by [Mn(bpy)(CO)3]Br.
The influence of hydroxy groups on the adsorption of three-carbon alcohols on Ni(111), Pd(111) and Pt(111) surfaces: a density functional theory study within the D3 dispersion correction
Authors: Mendes Paulo C. D. , Costa-Amaral Rafael , Gomes Janaina F. , Da Silva Juarez L. F.
Published: March 2019

Alcohol reactivity is strongly affected by the OH groups. Here, we report the effect of the number and positions of OH groups on the adsorption of C3molecules on close-packed transition metal surfaces through anab initiomethod.
Optical revelation of defects in epitaxial barium titanate films
Authors: Tyunina M. , Chvostova D. , Dejneka A.
Published: March 2019

Defect oxygen-vacancy complexes manifest themselves by near-gap optical transition and bandgap widening in epitaxial ferroelectric BaTiO3 films.
Pulsed reactivity on LaCoO3-based perovskites: a comprehensive approach to elucidate the CO oxidation mechanism and the effect of dopants
Authors: Pinto Donato , Glisenti Antonella
Published: March 2019

In this contribution we focus on three lanthanum cobaltate perovskites: undoped, Sr-doped, and Cu-doped to investigate the effect of doping on catalytic activity through pulsed reactivity experiments.
Magnesium tetrapyrazinoporphyrazines: tuning of the pKa of red-fluorescent pH indicators
Authors: Karlikova Martina , Cermakova Veronika , Demuth Jiri , Valer Vojtech , Miletin Miroslav , Novakova Veronika , Zimcik Petr
Published: March 2019

Fluorescence of Mg(ii) complexes of tetrapyrazinoporphyrazines can be switched off and on depending on pH.
Enhanced Néel temperature in EuSnP under pressure
Authors: Gui Xin , Finkelstein Gregory J. , Graf David E. , Wei Kaya , Zhang Dongzhou , Baumbach Ryan E. , Dera Przemyslaw , Xie Weiwei
Published: March 2019

The high-pressure single crystal X-ray diffraction results for EuSnP are reported with no structural phase transition below ∼6.2 GPa. Temperature-dependent resistivity measurements up to 2.15 GPa indicate that the antiferromagnetic transition temperature (TN) is significantly enhanced under pressure.
Simple and scalable synthesis of the carborane anion CB11H12−
Authors: Toom Lauri , Kütt Agnes , Leito Ivo
Published: March 2019

Simple and easily scalable preparation of the useful carborane anion CB11H12− is reported using a boron cluster B11H14− and CF3SiMe3.
Immunomodulatory effects of an acidic polysaccharide fraction from herbal Gynostemma pentaphyllum tea in RAW264.7 cells
Authors: Ren Daoyuan , Zhao Yan , Zheng Quan , Alim Aamina , Yang Xingbin
Published: March 2019

A new acidic polysaccharide (GPTP-3) with a molecular weight of 2.49 × 106 Da was extracted and purified from Gynostemma pentaphyllum tea.
Caffeine release and absorption from caffeinated gums
Authors: Morris Cecile , Viriot Sophie M. , Farooq Mirza Qurat U. A. , Morris Gordon A. , Lynn Anthony
Published: March 2019

Caffeine release increased with chewing time (2 min < 5 min < 10 min). Two plasma caffeine concentration peaks were observed suggesting that caffeine absorption occurs both through the oral mucosa and gastrointestinal tract.
Reductive dehalogenation and dehalogenative sulfonation of phenols and heteroaromatics with sodium sulfite in an aqueous medium
Authors: Tomanová Monika , Jedinák Lukáš , Cankař Petr
Published: March 2019

Prototropic tautomerism was used as a tool for the reductive dehalogenation of (hetero)aryl bromides and iodides, or dehalogenative sulfonation of (hetero)aryl chlorides and fluorides, using sodium sulfite as the sole reagent in an aqueous medium.
3D QSAR-based design and liquid phase combinatorial synthesis of 1,2-disubstituted benzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid and 3-substituted-5H-benzimidazo[1,2-d][1,4]benzodiazepin-6(7H)-one derivatives as anti-mycobacterial agents
Authors: Sitwala Nikum D. , Vyas Vivek K. , Gedia Piyush , Patel Kinjal , Bouzeyen Rania , Kidwai Saqib , Singh Ramandeep , Ghate Manjunath D.
Published: March 2019

Novel benzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid and benzodiazepin-6(7H)-one derivatives as anti-mycobacterial agents.
Expansion of the structure–activity relationships of BACE1 inhibitors by harnessing diverse building blocks prepared using a unified synthetic approach
Authors: Mayol-Llinàs Joan , Chow Shiao , Nelson Adam
Published: March 2019

The structural diversity of β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) inhibitors was expanded by harnessing diverse building blocks that had been prepared via a unified lead-oriented synthetic approach.
A diversity-oriented novel regioselective synthesis of sulfonamide–thiazolidinone hybrids
Authors: Preeti Preeti , Singh Krishna Nand
Published: March 2019

A regioselective multicomponent approach to sulfonamide–thiazolidinone hybrids has been developed.
Self-assembly design and synthesis of pulp fiber–graphene for flexible and high performance electrode based on polyacrylamide
Authors: Jia Mengying , Cui Linlin , Peng Feng , Li Yue , Xu Lanshu , Jin Xiaojuan
Published: March 2019

A simple and template-free method for the fabrication of modified pulp fiber (PF)–polyacrylamide (PAM)–graphene (RGO) composite electrodes was developed.
Transport properties and photoresponse of a series of 2D transition metal dichalcogenide intercalation compounds
Authors: Wang Yuxiu , Yang Zhao-Di , Pei Lei , Pan Ping , Yu Hong , Sun Cuicui , Jiang Yingjie , Gao Shengnan , Zhang Guiling , Hu Yangyang
Published: March 2019

The conductivity and photogalvanic effect have been shown to respond oppositely in the 2D transition metal dichalcogenide intercalation compounds PdCl2/PtCl2@MX2(A/Z).
Hydrodefluorination of functionalized fluoroaromatics with triethylphosphine: a theoretical and experimental study
Authors: Facundo Aldo A. , Arévalo Alma , Fundora-Galano Gabriela , Flores-Álamo Marcos , Orgaz Emilio , García Juventino J.
Published: March 2019

A new mechanistic proposal based in theoretical and experimental evidence invoking the participation of water is presented.
Efficient electrocatalytic oxidation ofp-phenylenediamine using a novel PANI/ZnO anchored bio-reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite
Authors: Singh Manorama , Sahu Anjumala , Mahata Suhasini , Shukla Prashant , Rai Ankita , Rai Vijai K.
Published: March 2019

Herein, a novel approach was reported for the fabrication of a polyaniline/ZnO-anchored bio-reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite for the efficient electrocatalytic oxidation ofp-phenylenediamine.
Enzyme-catalysed biodegradation of carbon dots follows sequential oxidation in a time dependent manner
Authors: Srivastava Indrajit , Sar Dinabandhu , Mukherjee Prabuddha , Schwartz-Duval Aaron S. , Huang Zhaolu , Jaramillo Camilo , Civantos Ana , Tripathi Indu , Allain Jean Paul , Bhargava Rohit , Pan Dipanjan
Published: March 2019

Lipase mediated biodegradation of carbon dots in the presence H2O2 follows a sequential oxidation pathway.
Co-Electrodeposited porous PEDOT–CNT microelectrodes for integrated micro-supercapacitors with high energy density, high rate capability, and long cycling life
Authors: Tahir Muhammad , He Liang , Haider Waqas Ali , Yang Wei , Hong Xufeng , Guo Yaqing , Pan Xuelei , Tang Hui , Li Yanxi , Mai Liqiang
Published: March 2019

Microstructuring of the PEDOT–CNT composite for microsupercapacitors with high rate capability and excellent cycling stability.
Synthesis of ultrasmall and monodisperse sulfur nanoparticle intercalated CoAl layered double hydroxide and its electro-catalytic water oxidation reaction at neutral pH
Authors: Islam Dewan Azharul , Barman Koushik , Jasimuddin Sk , Acharya Himadri
Published: March 2019

Sulfur nanoparticle intercalated CoAl-LDH as a robust electrocatalyst for water oxidation reaction at a low overpotential of 250 mV, high current density of 7.9 mA cm−2 and Tafel slope of 61 mV dec−1 under neutral pH condition.
Morphology evolution of fcc Ru nanoparticles under hydrogen atmosphere
Authors: Liu Lili , Yu Mengting , Hou Bo , Wang Qiang , Zhu Beien , Jia Litao , Li Debao
Published: March 2019

The equilibrium shape of fcc Ru nanoparticles under hydrogen atmosphere.
Recent advances in photocatalytic manipulations of Rose Bengal in organic synthesis
Authors: Sharma Shivani , Sharma Anuj
Published: March 2019

This review highlights the recent advances in photocatalytic manipulations of Rose Bengal in organic synthesis.
An efficient synthesis and bioactivity evaluation of oxazole-containing natural hinduchelins A–D and their derivatives
Authors: Ke Shaoyong , Zhang Zhigang , Shi Liqiao , Liu Manli , Fang Wei , Zhang Yani , Wu Zhaoyuan , Wan Zhongyi , Long Tong , Wang Kaimei
Published: March 2019

The efficient synthesis and bio-evaluation of hinduchelins A–D and their derivatives were investigated.
Rare earth metal-mediated ring-opening polymerisation of cyclic phosphoesters
Authors: Wang Qiliao , Chen Shanshan , Deng Bicheng , Wang Ying , Dong Dewen , Zhang Ning
Published: March 2019

An efficient polymerisation of cyclic phosphoesters using a rare-earth metallocene as a catalyst is described, giving biodegradable polyphosphonates and polyphosphates.
Determination of head addition incidence of (meth)acrylate and styrene in radical polymerization by RAFT block polymerization derivation and gradient polymer elution chromatography
Authors: Zhu Yujie , Xue Yang , Li Xiaohua , Zhang Jianhua , Guo Ruiwei
Published: March 2019

Head addition incidences in RAFT polymerization can be calculated by a combination technology of RAFT block polymerization derivation and GPEC.
MiR-291a/b-5p inhibits autophagy by targeting Atg5 and Becn1 during mouse preimplantation embryo development
Authors: Lu Linshan , Wang Xiaohong , Zhao Hongxi , Jiang Feng , Li Yanhong , Yao Yuanqing , Shi Changhong , Yang Yanhong
Published: March 2019

MiR-291a-5p and MiR-291b-5p, was dynamically expressed and inhibited autophagy by targeting Atg5 and Becn 1 during mouse preimplantation embryo development.
Electronic structure of two-dimensional In and Bi metal on BN nanosheets
Authors: Bo Maolin , Li Jibiao , Yao Chuang , Huang Zhongkai , Li Lei , Sun Chang Q. , Peng Cheng
Published: March 2019

The electronic structures of two-dimensional (2D) indium (In) and bismuth (Bi) metal on BN nanosheets are systematically studied using hybrid density functional theory (DFT).
Monitoring the dynamics of hemeoxygenase-1 activation in head and neck cancer cells in real-time using plasmonically enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Panikkanvalappil Sajanlal R. , Garlapati Chakravarthy , Hooshmand Nasrin , Aneja Ritu , El-Sayed Mostafa A.
Published: March 2019

Real-time monitoring of the dynamics of pharmacologically generated HO-1 in mammalian cells by using plasmonically enhanced Raman spectroscopy (PERS).
An effective polysulfide trapping polar interlayer for high rate Li–S batteries
Authors: Karuppiah Saravanan , Kalimuthu Balakumar , Nazrulla Mohammed Azeezulla , Krishnamurty Sailaja , Nallathamby Kalaiselvi
Published: March 2019

A microporous and polymeric C3N4 framework (CNF), when exploited as an interlayer and as a cathode host in Li–S batteries, demonstrates significantly improved electrochemical behavior with a special relevance to high rate applications up to 5C.
Self-healing composite polymer electrolyte formed via supramolecular networks for high-performance lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Zhou Binghua , Jo Ye Hyang , Wang Rui , He Dan , Zhou Xingping , Xie Xiaolin , Xue Zhigang
Published: March 2019

This article reports a self-healing composite polymer electrolyte formed via supramolecular networks for high-performance lithium-ion batteries.
Efficient charge transfer at a homogeneously distributed (NH4)2Mo3S13/WSe2 heterojunction for solar hydrogen evolution
Authors: Bozheyev Farabi , Xi Fanxing , Plate Paul , Dittrich Thomas , Fiechter Sebastian , Ellmer Klaus
Published: March 2019

Efficient charge transfer is achieved by coating WSe2 photocathodes with an earth abundant photocatalyst – ammonium thiomolybdate (NH4)2Mo3S13.
Co3O4nanosheets on zeolite-templated carbon as an efficient oxygen electrocatalyst for a zinc–air battery
Authors: Bera Raj Kumar , Park Hongjun , Ryoo Ryong
Published: March 2019

A high-performance air electrode composed of zeolite-templated carbon and oxygen vacancy defective Co3O4nanosheets is developed for a Zn–air battery.
How far does the defect tolerance of lead-halide perovskites range? The example of Bi impurities introducing efficient recombination centers
Authors: Yavari Mozhgan , Ebadi Firouzeh , Meloni Simone , Wang Zi Shuai , Yang Terry Chien-Jen , Sun Shijing , Schwartz Heidi , Wang Zaiwei , Niesen Bjoern , Durantini Javier , Rieder Philipp , Tvingstedt Kristofer , Buonassisi Tonio , Choy Wallace C. H. , Filippetti Alessio , Dittrich Thomas , Olthof Selina , Correa-Baena Juan-Pablo , Tress Wolfgang
Published: March 2019

Experimental and theoretical study on the effect of shallow and deep defects on photovoltaic performance, luminescence, surface photovoltage, and density of states.
Alloy-induced phase transition and enhanced photovoltaic performance: the case of Cs3Bi2I9−xBrx perovskite solar cells
Authors: Yu Bin-Bin , Liao Min , Yang Jingxiu , Chen Wei , Zhu Yudong , Zhang Xusheng , Duan Tao , Yao Weitang , Wei Su-Huai , He Zhubing
Published: March 2019

Phase transition driven bandgap aberration of Cs3Bi2I9−xBrx perovskites by varying x was discovered for the first time.
Synthesis and performance optimization of ultrathin two-dimensional CoFePt alloy materials via in situ topotactic conversion for the hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Zhang Qian , Kuang Yun , Li Yaping , Jiang Ming , Cai Zhao , Pang Yingchun , Chang Zheng , Sun Xiaoming
Published: March 2019

Two-dimensional CoFe–Pt1% nanosheet arrays fabricated via topotactic conversion for the hydrogen evolution reaction in alkaline solutions.
Injectable colloidal hydrogel with mesoporous silica nanoparticles for sustained co-release of microRNA-222 and aspirin to achieve innervated bone regeneration in rat mandibular defects
Authors: Lei Lei , Liu Zhongning , Yuan Pingyun , Jin Ronghua , Wang Xiangdong , Jiang Ting , Chen Xin
Published: March 2019

An injectable hydrogel was developed using mesoporous silica nanoparticles to co-deliver miR222 and aspirin, osteogenesis was enhanced by stimulating innervation.
Acid-responsive H2-releasing Fe nanoparticles for safe and effective cancer therapy
Authors: Kou Zhu , Zhao Penghe , Wang Zhihao , Jin Zhaokui , Chen Lihua , Su Bao-Lian , He Qianjun
Published: March 2019

Hydrogen therapy is an emerging and promising strategy for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases owing to the excellent bio-safety of hydrogen molecules (H2), but is facing a challenge that the H2 concentration at the local disease site is hardly accumulated because of its high diffusibility and low solubility, limiting the efficacy of hydrogen therapy.
Naphthyridine-based emitters simultaneously exhibiting thermally activated delayed fluorescence and aggregation-induced emission for highly efficient non-doped fluorescent OLEDs
Authors: Zhou Xue , Yang Hannan , Chen Zhanxiang , Gong Shaolong , Lu Zheng-Hong , Yang Chuluo
Published: March 2019

Two naphthyridine-based emitters are demonstrated to be TADF and AIE emitters to afford superior EL efficiencies in non-doped OLEDs.
Ambient stable, hydrophobic, electrically conductive porphyrin hole-extracting materials for printable perovskite solar cells
Authors: Reddy Govind , Katakam Ramakrishna , Devulapally Koteshwar , Jones Lathe A. , Della Gaspera Enrico , Upadhyaya Hari M. , Islavath Nanaji , Giribabu Lingamallu
Published: March 2019

Hydrophobic electrically conductive D–π–D porphyrin hole-extracting materials for printable perovskite solar cells; the device efficiency reached 11.26% with a carbon naoparticle–graphene composite as a cathode and exhibited better durability.
Exploring orientationally aligned anisotropic large spin molecules with unusual long-distance intermolecular ferromagnetic interactions
Authors: Minato Takuo , Ohata Yusuke , Ishii Kazuyuki , Yamaguchi Kazuya , Mizuno Noritaka , Suzuki Kosuke
Published: March 2019

Orientationally aligned anisotropic large-spin polyoxometalate clusters exhibited unusual long-distance intermolecular ferromagnetic interactions below 35 K under a small magnetic field.
The DCBLD receptor family: emerging signaling roles in development, homeostasis and disease
Authors: Schmoker Anna M. , Ebert Alicia M. , Ballif Bryan A.
Published: March 2019

The discoidin, CUB, and LCCL domain-containing (DCBLD) receptor family are composed of the type-I transmembrane proteins DCBLD1 and DCBLD2 (also ESDN and CLCP1). These proteins are highly conserved across vertebrates and possess similar domain structure to that of neuropilins, which act as critical co-receptors in developmental processes. Although DCBLD1 remains largely uncharacterized, the functional and mechanistic roles of DCBLD2 are emerging. This review provides a comprehensive discussion of this presumed receptor family, ranging from structural and signaling aspects to their associations with cancer, physiology, and development.
Acute haemodynamic changes during haemodialysis do not exacerbate gut hyperpermeability
Authors: Wong Jonathan , Lenaerts Kaatje , Meesters Dennis M. , Olde Damink Steven W.M. , van Eijk Hans M.H. , Vilar Enric , Farrington Ken
Published: March 2019

Introduction: The gastrointestinal tract is a potential source of inflammation in dialysis patients. In vitro studies suggest breakdown of the gut barrier in uraemia leading to increased intestinal permeability and it is hypothesised that haemodialysis exacerbates this problem due to mesenteric ischaemia induced by blood volume changes during treatment.

Method: The effect of haemodialysis on intestinal permeability was studied in ten haemodialysis patients and compared with five controls. Intestinal permeability was assessed by measuring the differential absorption of four orally administered sugar probes which provides an index of small and whole bowel permeability. A multi-sugar solution (containing lactulose, rhamnose, sucralose and erythritol) was orally administered after an overnight fast. Plasma levels of all sugar probes were measured hourly for 10 h post-administration. In haemodialysis patients, the procedure was carried out twice — once on a non-dialysis day and once immediately after haemodialysis.

Results: Area under curve (AUC) for lactulose:rhamnose (L:R) ratio and sucralose:erythritol (S:E) ratio was similar post-dialysis and on non-dialysis days. AUC for L:R was higher in haemodialysis patients compared with controls (0.071 vs. 0.034, P=0.001), AUC for S:E ratio was not significantly different. Levels of lactulose, sucralose and erythritol were elevated and retained longer in haemodialysis patients compared with controls due to dependence of sugars on kidney function for clearance.

Conclusion: We found no significant acute changes in intestinal permeability in relation to the haemodialysis procedure. Valid comparison of intestinal permeability between controls and haemodialysis patients was not possible due to the strong influence of kidney function on sugar levels.
LincRNA-p21 suppresses glutamine catabolism and bladder cancer cell growth through inhibiting glutaminase expression
Authors: Zhou Qun , Zhan Hengji , Lin Fan , Liu Yuhan , Yang Kang , Gao Qunjun , Ding Mengting , Liu Yuchen , Huang Weiren , Cai Zhiming
Published: March 2019

Long intergenic non-coding RNA p21 (lincRNA-p21) is down-regulated in some solid tumors. Glutamine catabolism plays an important role in cancer development. However, the role of lincRNA-p21 and its association with glutamine catabolism remain unknown in bladder cancer (BC). In the present study, we investigated the involvement of lincRNA-p21 and glutamine catabolism in BC cell growth and found that ectopic linRNA-p21 expression reduced the proliferation and growth of BIU87 and 5637 cells. Opposite results were observed in lincRNA-p21 silenced J82 and T24 cells. The expression of glutaminase (GLS), intracellular level of glutamate and α-Ketoglutarate (α-KG) were negatively regulated by lincRNA-p21. GLS overexpression reversed the suppressive function of lincRNA-p21 on BC cell growth and proliferation. In contrast, GLS reduction by siRNA blunted the viability of lincRNA-p21 lowly expressed BC cells. Furthermore, lincRNA-p21 and GLS abundance dictated the sensitivity of BC cells to bis-2-(5-phenylacetamido-1,2,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)ethyl sulfide (BPTES) treatment. Importantly, reduced lincRNA-p21 expression and increased GLS mRNA level were observed in BC tissues compared with the normal tissues. Our results demonstrate that lincRNA-p21 suppresses the BC cell growth through inhibiting GLS and glutamine catabolism. Targeting this cascade may be a promising treatment strategy for BC patients.
Discussion of relationships among changes of pathological indicators, postoperative lymphedema of the upper limb, and prognosis of patients with breast cancer
Authors: Zhang Xiping , Tang Binbin , Zou Dehong , Yang Hongjian , Qiao Enqi , He Xiangming , Yu Feijiang
Published: March 2019

Objectives: The present study aimed to discuss the impacts of changes to pathological indicators of patients with breast cancer upon the incidence of postoperative lymphedema of the upper limb and prognosis. Methods: 2597 female patients with breast cancer who received surgical treatment in our hospital were enrolled in the present study to evaluate the incidence of these patients’ postoperative lymphedema of the upper limb. Results: For patients with breast cancer, the incidence of postoperative lymphedema of the upper limb was related to T stage of breast cancer, lymph node metastasis, the number of metastatic lymph nodes, pTNM stage, and pathological types of breast cancer (P<0.05). Lymph node metastasis was an independent risk factor of lymphedema of the upper limb; lymph node metastasis and Ki-67 expression level were independent factors that impacted pathologic complete response rate of neoadjuvant chemotherapies. Patients’ mortality was correlated to pathological and molecular subtypes, Ki-67 expression level, ER expression level, PR expression level, and pTNM stage (P<0.05), among which the pTNM stage, Ki-67 expression level, and PR expression level were independent factors that affected prognosis of patients with breast cancer. Conclusion: Patients with lymph node metastasis were more prone to lymphedema of the upper limb, while it was easier for those whose Ki-67 expression level was high and who were not subject to lymph node metastasis to get a pathological complete response after receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapies. The prognosis was poorer among patients whose progesterone receptors were negative and Ki-67 expression levels were high at the advanced pTNM stage.
Recruited lysosomal enzymes as major digestive enzymes in insects
Authors: Terra Walter R. , Dias Renata O. , Ferreira Clélia
Published: March 2019

The mass recruitment to the midgut contents of lysosomal proteolytic enzymes occurred in insects under three major selective pressures. Hemipteran (true bugs, aphids, and cicadas) ancestors lost their serine peptidases (SP) on adapting to feed on protein-free plant sap. When they returned to protein diets, their cathepsins L and B were recruited to replace their lost SP. Among beetles of the series Cucujiformia, cathepsins L were recruited to hydrolyze ingested plant inhibitors that affect their major SP and/or to deal with special seed proteins, such as prolamins. Larval flies have a very acid middle midgut and use cathepsin D to digest bacteria from their infected food. All the recruited enzymes originated from duplicated genes. The recruited digestive enzymes differ from their lysosomal counterparts in critical regions of their amino acid sequences that resulted in changes in substrate specificities and other kinetic properties. The discharge of digestive cathepsins in the midgut contents, instead of lysosomes, seems to be a consequence of their overexpression or the existence of new targeting signals. Their activation at the midgut contents occurs by an autoactivation mechanism or with the help of other enzymes or by a combination of both. The targeting to lysosomes of the insect lysosomal enzymes does not follow the mammalian mannose 6-phosphate route, but an incompletely known mechanism.
Protein engineering: the potential of remote mutations
Authors: Wilding Matthew , Hong Nansook , Spence Matthew , Buckle Ashley M. , Jackson Colin J.
Published: March 2019

Engineered proteins, especially enzymes, are now commonly used in many industries owing to their catalytic power, specific binding of ligands, and properties as materials and food additives. As the number of potential uses for engineered proteins has increased, the interest in engineering or designing proteins to have greater stability, activity and specificity has increased in turn. With any rational engineering or design pursuit, the success of these endeavours relies on our fundamental understanding of the systems themselves; in the case of proteins, their structure–dynamics–function relationships. Proteins are most commonly rationally engineered by targeting the residues that we understand to be functionally important, such as enzyme active sites or ligand-binding sites. This means that the majority of the protein, i.e. regions remote from the active- or ligand-binding site, is often ignored. However, there is a growing body of literature that reports on, and rationalises, the successful engineering of proteins at remote sites. This minireview will discuss the current state of the art in protein engineering, with a particular focus on engineering regions that are remote from active- or ligand-binding sites. As the use of protein technologies expands, exploiting the potential improvements made possible through modifying remote regions will become vital if we are to realise the full potential of protein engineering and design.
Cell-surface translocation of annexin A2 contributes to bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by mediating inflammatory response in mice
Authors: Lei Yunlong , Wang Kui , Li Xuefeng , Li Yi , Feng Xuping , Zhou Jing , Zhang Zhe , Huang Canhua , Zhang Tao
Published: March 2019

Bleomycin, a widely used anti-cancer drug, may give rise to pulmonary fibrosis, a serious side effect which is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Despite the intensive efforts, the precise pathogenic mechanisms of pulmonary fibrosis still remain to be clarified. Our previous study showed that bleomycin bound directly to annexin A2 (ANXA2, or p36), leading to development of pulmonary fibrosis by impeding transcription factor EB (TFEB)-induced autophagic flux. Here, we demonstrated that ANXA2 also played a critical role in bleomycin-induced inflammation, which represents another major cause of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. We found that bleomycin could induce the cell surface translocation of ANXA2 in lung epithelial cells through exosomal secretion, associated with enhanced interaction between ANXA2 and p11. Knockdown of ANXA2 or blocking membrane ANXA2 mitigated bleomycin-induced activation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathway and production of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 in lung epithelial cells. ANXA2-deficient (ANXA2−/−) mice treated with bleomycin exhibit reduced pulmonary fibrosis along with decreased cytokine production compared with bleomycin-challenged wild-type mice. Further, the surface ANXA2 inhibitor TM601 could ameliorate fibrotic and inflammatory response in bleomycin-treated mice. Taken together, our results indicated that, in addition to disturbing autophagic flux, ANXA2 can contribute to bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by mediating inflammatory response.
Use of the immunoglobulin G avidity assay to differentiate between recent Zika and past dengue virus infections
Authors: Furuya Andrea K.M. , Hunt Danielle , George Kirsten St. , Dupuis Alan P. , Kramer Laura D. , Shi Pei-Yong , Wong Susan
Published: March 2019

Zika (ZIKV) and dengue (DENV) virus infections elicit a robust but cross-reactive antibody response against the viral envelope protein, while antibody responses against non-structural proteins (NS) are more virus specific. Building on this premise, we have previously developed a flavivirus multiplex microsphere immunoassay (MIA) for the serologic diagnosis of ZIKV and DENV infections. This assay significantly improved diagnostic accuracy; however, MIA could not differentiate more recent from past infections, which still represents a major diagnostic challenge. Therefore, an immunoglobulin G (IgG) based avidity assay was developed and its diagnostic performance evaluated. Specimens from New York State residents were submitted to the Wadsworth Center New York State Department of Health (NYSDOH) for routine clinical testing by Zika IgM ELISA and plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT). Using our previously developed flavivirus MIA as a platform, we developed an IgG avidity assay to discriminate recent ZIKV from past DENV infections. Zika IgM positive specimens had an average Zika IgG avidity index of 14.8% (95% CI: 11.0–18.4%), while Zika IgM negative but flavivirus MIA and PRNT positive samples had an average Zika IgG avidity index of 34.9% (95% CI: 31.1–38.7%). Specimens positive for dengue antibodies by flavivirus MIA and PRNT had an average dengue IgG avidity index of 68.7% (95% CI: 62.7–75.0%). The IgG avidity assay accurately distinguished recent ZIKV from past DENV infections in patients who traveled to dengue endemic regions. This assay could be very useful in patients with high risk of Zika complications such as pregnant women and monitoring immune responses in vaccine trials.
Almost perfect sequence pairs derived from Fermat quotient
Authors: Luo Lianfei , Ma Wenping
Published: March 2019

Sequence pairs with good correlation can be applied in many practical systems. In this Letter, the authors construct a class of p‐ary sequence pairs of period by interleaving two p‐ary sequences derived from Fermat quotient, where p is an odd prime. In the authors' construction, sequence pairs have almost perfect correlation.
Optimally coordinated dispatch of combined‐heat‐and‐electrical network with demand response
Authors: Chen Yumin , Xu Yan , Li Zhengmao , Feng Xue
Published: March 2019

A multi‐energy microgrid (MEMG) aims to simultaneously supply electricity and thermal energy to customers for higher energy utilisation efficiency. In this study, a system‐wide coordinated operation method for MEMGs is proposed to dispatch different components including generation resources and flexible loads. In the coordination method, the coupling constraints of electrical and heat network, dynamic characteristics of heat network as well as the power flow constraints are comprehensively modelled. Besides, the price‐based demand response and indoor temperature control strategy are used as demand response for more flexible operation of the combine electrical and thermal networks. The coordination model is formulated as a mixed‐integer linear programming problem and tested on 33‐bus and 69‐bus MEMGs. Simulation results verify the advantages of the proposed method over existing methods.
High‐efficiency soft‐switching step‐up DC–DC converter derived from a synchronous boost converter
Authors: Lee Sin‐Woo , Do Hyun‐Lark
Published: March 2019

This study presents a high‐efficiency soft‐switching step‐up DC–DC converter. The proposed converter achieves zero‐voltage switching of power switches and zero‐current switching of the output diode. Also, it has improved the voltage conversion ratio. Moreover, the switch voltage stress can be lowered than the output voltage. Hence, improved efficiency, especially at full load, is achieved. The operational principle and detailed analysis of the proposed converter are given. The performance of the proposed converter is verified by testing a prototype converter implemented in the laboratory on an output 200 V–200 W.
Design and implementation of multi‐grooved simultaneous separation and screening equipment
Authors: Lu Shizhou , Ren Yuankai , Wang Xiran , Dong Xuguang
Published: March 2019

The separating and screening of cylindrical parts are always difficult in the assembly industry, and the previous devices have the weakness of low working efficiency, low accuracy, and low automaticity. Based on the theoretical analysis, modelling and simulation, a theory of simultaneous separation and equidistant screening is proposed, and the corresponding equipment is established with the core modules of the multi‐grooved cylindrical cam mechanism, pneumatic system, sensing, and controlling system. Solidworks software is used for three‐dimensional modelling and kinematic simulation, which verify the correctness of the equipment design.
Simulation and analysis of a gas insulated switchgear explosion accident caused by a failure of high‐voltage circuit breaker in a thermal power plant
Authors: Zhang Xun , Dai Kai , Niu Wei , Xie Rongbin , Zeng Huarong , Wen Yi , Ma Xiaohong
Published: March 2019

This study analyses a gas insulated switchgear explosion accident caused by a failure of the circuit breaker (CB) in a thermal power plant, which resulted in the explosion of the CB and the burning of the potential transformer (PT). Through X‐ray detection and disassemble examination of the damaged CB, it is found that the A‐phase moveable contact was not opened completely. After analysing the voltage waveform obtained from the phasor measurement unit recorder system, it is speculated that this failure is caused by the process of repeated arc strike. For verification and further analysis, the fault process is simulated in the EMTP; the arc is properly modelled by an extended KEMA's equation‐based model which is proposed in this study. The simulation results match well with the actual situation; the contact gap would be repeated breakdown because its breakdown voltage is reduced, and the very fast transient overvoltage (VFTO) would be generated in these repeated strike processes. Due to the steep front and high amplitude of VFTO, the insulation of the PT would be damaged and led to the occurrence of PT short‐circuit fault. The current would increase rapidly and causes the CB to explode subsequently.
Technology of intelligent driving radar perception based on driving brain
Authors: Gao Hongbo , Zhang Xinyu , Zhao Jianhui , Li Deyi
Published: March 2019

Radar is an important sensor to realise intelligent driving environment perception, enabling the detection of static obstacles and dynamic obstacles, and the tracking of a dynamic obstacle. The models, quantities, and installing location of the platform radar sensors as well as the information processing modules differ from each other on different intelligent driving testing platforms, resulting in different quantities and interfaces on the intelligent driving system. Here, the authors build the software architecture of intelligent driving vehicle based on driving brain which is used to adapt to different types of radar sensors and use the variable granularity road ownership radar for radar information fusion. Under the condition of complete driving information, increasing or reducing the number of radar sensors and changing the radar sensor model or installing location will not affect the intelligent driving decision directly. Therefore, the authors meet the demands of multi‐radar sensor adapting to different intelligent driving hardware testing platforms.